bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moral distress in critical care nursing: The state of the science
Authors: McAndrew Natalie Susan , Leske Jane , Schroeter Kathryn 
Published: September 2016

Background: Moral distress is a complex phenomenon frequently experienced by critical care nurses. Ethical conflicts in this practice area are related to technological advancement, high intensity work environments, and end-of-life decisions. Objectives: An exploration of contemporary moral distress literature was undertaken to determine measurement, contributing factors, impact, and interventions. Review Methods: This state of the science review focused on moral distress research in critical care nursing from 2009 to 2015, and included 12 qualitative, 24 quantitative, and 6 mixed methods studies. Results: Synthesis of the scientific literature revealed inconsistencies in measurement, conflicting findings of moral distress and nurse demographics, problems with the professional practice environment, difficulties with communication during end-of-life decisions, compromised nursing care as a consequence of moral distress, and few effective interventions. Conclusion: Providing compassionate care is a professional nursing value and an inability to meet this goal due to moral distress may have devastating effects on care quality. Further study of patient and family outcomes related to nurse moral distress is recommended.
Metacarpal lengthening in children: comparison of three different techniques in 15 consecutive cases
Authors: Dana C. , Aurégan J.-C. , Salon A. , Guéro S. , Glorion C. , Pannier S. 
Published: September 2016

Metacarpal lengthening is a useful procedure to address hand deficiencies in children. In this study, we aimed to compare the results of three different techniques from one consecutive clinical series of hand deficiencies. A total of 15 metacarpal lengthenings have been performed in 12 children aged from 9 to 14 years. The callotasis technique was used in seven cases, the two-stage distraction-graft technique in four cases and the single-stage lengthening in four cases. All the metacarpals healed with bone. The lengthening obtained was a mean of 13 mm (range 8–21 mm), a mean of 22 mm (range 13–32 mm) and a mean of 12 mm (range 9–15 mm), respectively, in the three different techniques. The healing index was longer for callotasis (81 days/cm) compared with the other techniques (41 days/cm and 46 days/cm, respectively). We observed one case of fracture after callotasis and one after distraction-graft. One patient underwent tenolysis of the extensor mechanism after single-stage lengthening. In conclusion, distraction graft and single-stage lengthening may be valuable alternatives to callotasis. Level of evidence: IV; therapeutic study; multi-case series
Characteristics of Men Who Report Persistent Sexual Symptoms After Finasteride Use for Hair Loss
Authors: Basaria Shehzad , Jasuja Ravi , Huang Grace , Wharton Whitney , Pan Hong , Pencina Karol , Li Zhuoying , Travison Thomas G. , Bhawan Jag , Gonthier Renaud , Labrie Fernand , Dury Alain Y. , Serra Carlo , Papazian Allen , O’Leary Michael , Amr Sami , Storer Thomas W. , Stern Emily , Bhasin Shalender 
Published: September 2016

Context:Some men who use finasteride for hair loss report persistent sexual and other symptoms after discontinuing finasteride therapy.Objective:To determine whether these persistent symptoms after discontinuation of finasteride use are due to androgen deficiency, decreased peripheral androgen action, or persistent inhibition of steroid 5α-reductase (SRD5A) enzymes.Participants:Finasteride users, who reported persistent sexual symptoms after discontinuing finasteride (group 1); age-matched finasteride users who did not report sexual symptoms (group 2); and healthy men who had never used finasteride (group 3).Outcomes:Sexual function, mood, affect, cognition, hormone levels, body composition, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) response to sexually and affectively valenced stimuli, nucleotide sequences of androgen receptor (AR), SRD5A1, and SRD5A2; expression levels of androgen-dependent genes in skin.Setting:Academic medical center.Results:Symptomatic finasteride users were similar in body composition, strength, and nucleotide sequences of AR, SRD5A1, and SRD5A2 genes to asymptomatic finasteride users and nonusers. Symptomatic finasteride users had impaired sexual function, higher depression scores, a more negative affectivity balance, and more cognitive complaints than men in groups 2 and 3 but had normal objectively assessed cognitive function. Testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol-glucuronide, testosterone to dihydrotestosterone and androsterone glucuronide to etiocholanolone glucuronide ratios, and markers of peripheral androgen action and expression levels of AR-dependent genes in skin did not differ among groups. fMRI blood oxygen level-dependent responses to erotic and nonerotic stimuli revealed abnormal function in brain circuitry linked to sexual arousal and major depression.Conclusions:We found no evidence of androgen deficiency, decreased peripheral androgen action, or persistent peripheral inhibition of SRD5A in men with persistent sexual symptoms after finasteride use. Symptomatic finasteride users revealed depressed mood and fMRI findings consistent with those observed in depression.
Expression of Cucumber mosaic virus suppressor 2b alters FWA methylation and its siRNA accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Hamera Sadia , Yan Youngsheng , Song Xiaoguang , Chaudhary Safee Ullah , Murtaza Iram , Su Lei , Tariq Muhammad , Chen Xiaoying , Fang Rongxiang 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
The Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) suppressor 2b co-localizes with AGO4 in cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions of Arabidopsis thaliana. Biochemical fractionation of A. thaliana cellular extracts revealed that 2b and AGO4 coexist in multiple size exclusions. 2b transgenic A. thaliana exhibited an enhanced accumulation of 24nt siRNAs from flowering wageningen (FWA) and other heterochromatic loci. These plants also exhibited hypo-methylation of an endogenous- as well as transgene-FWA promoter at non-CG sites. In corroboration, both transgenic 2b and CMV infection affected the regulation of transposons which mimics the ago4 phenotype. In conclusion, 2b perturbs plant defense by interfering with AGO4-regulated transcriptional gene silencing.
Directional cell movements downstream of Gbx2 and Otx2 control the assembly of sensory placodes
Authors: Steventon Ben , Mayor Roberto , Streit Andrea 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTCranial placodes contribute to sensory structures including the inner ear, the lens and olfactory epithelium and the neurons of the cranial sensory ganglia. At neurula stages, placode precursors are interspersed in the ectoderm surrounding the anterior neural plate before segregating into distinct placodes by as yet unknown mechanisms. Here, we perform live imaging to follow placode progenitors as they aggregate to form the lens and otic placodes. We find that while placode progenitors move with the same speed as their non-placodal neighbours, they exhibit increased persistence and directionality and these properties are required to assemble morphological placodes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that these factors are components of the transcriptional networks that coordinate placode cell behaviour including their directional movements. Together with previous work, our results support a dual role for Otx and Gbx transcription factors in both the early patterning of the neural plate border and the later segregation of its derivatives into distinct placodes.
Parietex™ Composite mesh versus DynaMesh®-IPOM for laparoscopic incisional and ventral hernia repair: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tandon A , Shahzad K , Pathak S , Oommen CM , Nunes QM , Smart N 
Published: September 2016

INTRODUCTION Laparoscopic incisional and ventral hernia repair (LIVHR) is widely accepted and safe but the type of mesh used is still debated. We retrospectively compared postoperative outcomes with two different meshes commonly used in LIVHR. METHODS This is a retrospective study of patients who underwent incisional hernia repair between January 2008 and December 2010. Two meshes were used: Parietex™ Composite (Covidien, New Haven, CT, USA) and the DynaMesh®-IPOM (FEG Textiltechnik mbH, Aachen, Germany). The two groups were compared with respect to recurrence rates, incidence of seroma and intestinal obstruction. RESULTS Among the 88 patients who underwent LIVHR, 75 patients (85.2%) presented with primary incisional hernia, 10 (11.4%) presented with a first recurrence and 3 (3.4%) presented with a second recurrence. Median follow-up was 53.6 months (range 40–61 months). 12.9% of patients had recurrence in the Parietex™ Composite mesh group (n=62) in comparison to 3.8% in the DynaMesh®-IPOM mesh group (n=26; P=0.20). DynaMesh®-IPOM was associated with a significantly higher incidence of intestinal obstruction secondary to adhesions (11.5% vs. 0%, P=0.006) and lower incidence of seroma and haematoma formation compared to Parietex™ composite mesh group (0% vs. 6.4% of patients; P=0.185). CONCLUSIONS LIVHR is a safe and feasible technique. Dynamesh®-IPOM is associated with a significantly higher incidence of adhesion related bowel obstruction, albeit with a lower incidence of recurrence, seroma and haematoma formation compared with Parietex™ Composite mesh. However, there is a need for further well-designed, multicentre randomised controlled studies to investigate the use of these meshes.
Anatomical siting of the splenic flexure using computed tomography
Authors: Meecham L , Brookes A , Macano CAW , Stone T , Cheetham M 
Published: September 2016

INTRODUCTIONOften, left-sided colorectal surgery requires splenic flexure mobilisation (SFM) to allow a tension-free anastomosis to be carried out. This step is difficult and not without risk. We investigated a system of anatomical siting of the splenic flexure using computed tomography (CT).METHODSThe Shrewsbury Splenic Flexure Siting (SSFS) system involves siting of the splenic flexure using the vertebral level (VL) as a reference point. We asked three surgical registrars (SRs) to analyse 20 CT scans of patients undergoing colonic resection to ascertain the anatomical site of the splenic flexure using the SSFS system. The distance from the centre of the vertebral body to the lateral edge (CVBL) of the splenic flexure was measured, as was the distance from the centre of the vertebral body to the inner abdominal wall (CVBI) along the same line, on axial images.RESULTSVL assessment demonstrated substantial inter-observer agreement with a kappa (κ) value of 0.742 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.463–0.890). CVBL and CVBI demonstrated very strong inter-observer agreement (CVBL: κ = 0.905 (95% CI, 0.785–0.961); CVBI: 0.951 (0.890–0.979) (p<0.001). Overall, there was strong correlation between assessments by all three SRs across the three variables measured.CONCLUSIONSThe SSFS system is an accurate method to site the splenic flexure anatomically using CT. We can use the SSFS system to develop a validated scoring system to help colorectal surgeons assess the difficulty of SFM.
Radiopathological features predictive of involved margins in ductal carcinoma in situ
Authors: Layfield DM , See H , Stahnke M , Hayward L , Cutress RI , Oeppen RS 
Published: September 2016

INTRODUCTION Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) usually manifests as microcalcification on mammography but may be uncalcified. Consequently, a quarter of patients undergoing excision of a presumed pure DCIS require further surgery to re-excise margins. Patients at highest risk of margin involvement may benefit from additional preoperative assessment. METHODS A retrospective review was carried out of patients treated for screen detected, biopsy proven DCIS in a single centre over a ten-year period (1999–2009). Logistic regression analysis identified factors predictive of need for further surgery to clear margins. RESULTS Overall, 248 patients underwent surgery for DCIS (low/intermediate grade: 82, high grade: 155) and 49 (19.8%) required further surgery. High grade disease was associated with greater mammographic extent (mean: 32mm [range: 5–120mm] vs 25mm [range: 2–100mm]), p=0.009) and higher incidence of mastectomy (38% vs 24%, p=0.034). Factors predictive of involvement of surgical margins necessitating further surgery included negative oestrogen receptor status (OR: 5.2, 95% CI: 2.1–12.8, p<0.001) and mammographic extent (odds ratio [OR]: 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2–2.1, p=0.004). Once size exceeded 30mm, more than 50% of patients required secondary breast surgery for margins. CONCLUSIONS Reoperation rates for DCIS increase with preoperative size on mammography and negative oestrogen receptor status on core biopsy. Patients with these risk features should be counselled accordingly and consideration should be given to the role of additional preoperative imaging.
AMBIENTALIZAÇÃO DO DIREITO E EFETIVIDADE DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS AMBIENTAIS
Authors: Gurski Bruno César , De Souza-Lima José Edmilson 
Published: September 2016

A crise socioambiental contemporânea surge como reflexo das tentativas frustradas de se chegar ao desenvolvimento sustentável. Seus fatores e consequências devem ser entendidos numa tentativa de mudança. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com base em pesquisas bibliográficas de livros, artigos, jornais, legislação, entre outros. Teve-se como objetivo refletir sobre a influência recíproca entre homem, Direito e meio ambiente na atual crise socioambiental, para avaliar a efetividade das políticas públicas ambientais. O Direito Ambiental influencia o pensamento jurídico moderno com a ideia de transversalidade da norma ambiental, sobretudo com os princípios da proteção, da participação e da educação. De forma geral, as atuais políticas públicas ambientais brasileiras são marcadas pela setorização, fragmentação e consequente falta de universalização. A causa dessa ineficiência é uma construção histórica truncada, marcada pela falta de educação ambiental, fundada em uma racionalidade instrumental individualista e a ínfima participação popular nas decisões.
Domestic violence impact on adolescents<p>Aile içi şiddetin ergenler üzerindeki etkisi
Authors: Ayhan Fatma , Özkan Birgül 
Published: September 2016

Objcective: This research was performed in order to evaluate the effects on adolescents of witnessing intrafamilial violence. Methods: 1196 students attending four high schools affiliated to the Ministry of Education in the Turkish province of Karaman represented the research sample in this descriptive and cross-sectional study. A questionnaire eliciting students’ individual characteristics, together with witnessing interparental violence, acceptance of interpersonal violence and use of violence scales were employed as data collection tools. Findings: Age, type of school, parental education levels, income, the family being in receipt of economic assistance, the student working in paid employment and number of siblings were significantly correlated with adolescent witnessing of violence. A positive correlation was determined between witnessing violence and acceptance and use of violence.Results: The research shows that adolescents witnessing violence has positive effects on their attitudes toward violence. Intrafamilial violence in particular therefore needs to be reduced and families need to receive counseling on the subject in order for the levels of violence in society to be lowered. ÖzetAmaç: Buaraştırma; ergenlerin aile içi şiddete tanık olmasının şiddete yönelik tutumlarına etkilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel türdeki araştırmanın örneklemini Karaman ilinde Milli Eğitim bakanlığına bağlı dört lisedeki 1196 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak; öğrencilerin bireysel özelliklerini belirlemeye yönelik soru formu, ebeveynler arası şiddete tanıklık ölçeği, şiddet kabullenme ve şiddet uygulama ölçekleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Yaş, okul türü, baba ve annenin eğitim durumu, gelir durumu, ailenin ekonomik yardım alma durumu, öğrencinin gelir getiren bir işte çalışma durumu, kardeş sayısı değişkenleri ile ergenlerin şiddete tanıklık etme durumları arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Araştırmada şiddete tanıklık etme durumu ile şiddeti kabullenme ve şiddet uygulama arasında pozitif şekilde korelasyon olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Araştırmada ergenlerin şiddete tanıklık etme durumunun şiddete yönelik tutumları üzerinde önemli etkilerinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu nedenle toplumda şiddet oranlarının azalması için öncelikle aile içi şiddetin azaltılması, ailelere bu konuda danışmalık verilmesinin gerekliliği ortaya çıkmaktadır.
KANIKOSEN (KOBAYASHI TAKIJI) “BACAAN LIAR” TAHUN 1920-AN DALAM RENTANG SEJARAH JEPANG
Authors: Rustam Muhammad Reza 
Published: September 2016

This paper describes a dynamics proletarian literature and its relationship with Kanikosen novel by Kobayashi Takiji, including; the institution, ideology, production, and figures associated to narration used by Marxism theory posed by the author as one of the Japan "wild literatures" in the 1920s. This paper aims to usher the readers to the narrative of the Japanese proletarian literature and illustrates the Japanese proletarian literary map development. The form of “wildness” obtained by author is a social class conflict in literary texts such as in the Kanikosen story. Like an empirical reality, text construction, especially characterizations, background, and language style reflecting a dynamics of everyday social life. Intimidation, exploitation, deception, torture, suffering labor on one side and on the other side, the accumulation of profits, accumulating capital individually, and the arbitrariness of employers conducted by the owners of capital, reflected brightly by Kobayashi Takiji.
Research progress on the cathodic protection current and potential distribution of the tank bottom plate
Authors: Kou Jie , Zhang Xince , Cui Gan , Yin Xueming 
Published: September 2016

AbstractCathodic protection is an important method to prevent the corrosion of the tank bottom plate. In this article, the research status in recent decades of the current density and potential distribution of the tank bottom plate in cathodic protection is summarized. The research status and problems of the analytical and numerical methods for tank bottom plate are described and discussed. A detailed summary of boundary condition modeling is carried out. It is proposed that the analytical method will be gradually replaced by numerical methods and the mathematical model and boundary conditions need to be further studied and improved. In addition, the combined use of a variety of numerical methods and a numerical simulation study on the vapor phase corrosion related to tank bottom will be a trend in the development of numerical simulation in the future.
The impact of CYP4F2, ABCB1, and GGCX polymorphisms on bleeding episodes associated with acenocoumarol in Russian patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Sychev Dmitriy Alexeyevich , Rozhkov Aleksandr Vladimirovich , Kazakov Ruslan Evgenyevich , Ananichuk Anna Viktorovna 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Background:
Oral anticoagulants are commonly used to treat patients with thromboembolic pathology. Genetic variations could influence personal response to anticoagulant drugs. Acenocoumarol (AC) is a vitamin K antagonist used in anticoagulant therapy and as a prophylaxis measure in Europe. In this study, we assessed the effect of CYP4F2 rs2108622, ABCB1, and GGCX polymorphisms on the safety profile and regime dosing of AC in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.

Methods:
Fifty patients aged 40–70 years were included. All patients received AC in the dose of 1–6 mg daily with a target international normalized ratio of 2.0–3.0. Genotyping for polymorphism markers C3435T for the ABCB1 gene, rs2108622 for the CYP4F2 gene, and rs11676382 for the GGCX gene were designed using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher exact test and the Mann-Whitney U test.

Results:
We found that CYP4F2 rs2108622 CT carriers required a higher AC dose than CC (p=0.0366), and CT and TT carriers required a higher AC dose than CC (p=0.0314).

Conclusions:
We found that ABCB1 CT and TT genotypes are associated with a higher risk of bleeding. No influence of ABCB1 and GGCX polymorphisms on the doses of AC was established. CYP4F2 could still be a genetic factor responsible for the personal variability of AC metabolism.
Present and future aspects of dydrogesterone in prevention or treatment of pregnancy disorders: an outlook
Authors: Schindler Adolf E. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Over time, it became evident that with the use of micronized progesterone and dydrogesterone prevention or treatment of pregnancy disorders such as threatened miscarriage, recurrent (habitual) miscarriage, preterm labor or preeclampsia appears to be possible. The results so far obtained will be delineated and concepts of prevention or treatment are suggested with the aim to further explore these pregnancy disorders either by prevention or treatment concepts to obtain not only benefits to the mother and the fetus, but furthermore this results in benefits for lifetime for the individual, for the family and last but not least for society.
The impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on the lives of disabilities: a case in Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Najmul , Ashraf Mahfuz , Ahmed Ezaz , Hasan Md Rashadul , Bhattacharjee Vashkar 
Published: September 2016

AbstractGenerally, people with disabilities (PWDs) experience barriers of different kinds than the people without disabilities, e.g. lower access to healthcare, education, employment, or economic participation, which are barriers to form an inclusive society. Access to information and communication technologies (ICTs) has paramount significance to remove these barriers. This study statistically investigates the factors that are significant in the acceptance process of ICT by the disabled and the positive change in the quality of their daily lives. We used exploratory factor analysis (EFA), a broadly used technique, to identify the factors responsible in the development process. This is mainly a sample-based study where the participants complete a well-defined questionnaire and assess the outcomes of ICT acceptance by PWDs, considering the change in the quality of their lives. A structural equation modeling is conducted to justify the total relationship based on the variables mainly involved. The findings show that the acceptance of ICT by PWDs was at moderate level, and there is a positive correlation between acceptance of ICT and quality improvement in the lives of PWDs. These results will help to improve individual lives of PWDs, social as well as national development, and to provide positive psychological intervention to promote the acceptance of ICT by PWDs.