bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current and radiated electromagnetic fields due to lightning return strokes when hitting elevated objects
Authors: Hajebi Maryam , Khosravi-Farsani Mojtaba , Sadeghi Seyed Hossein Hesamedin , Moini Rouzbeh Mazandarani 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
Tall towers have a high potential for being struck by lightning which is a major source of electromagnetic radiation with adverse effects on electric, electronic and telecommunication instruments. The paper aims to present an accurate method for predicting the radiated electromagnetic fields and current distribution along the lightning channel and the tower hit by the lightning.

Design/methodology/approach
The electromagnetic model is utilized to model the lightning channel and the tower is represented by lossy conducting wires. The finite difference time domain (FDTD) method is used to solve for the governing Maxwell’s equations. Due to the large computational space, the FDTD code is paralleled between several computer processors. To enhance the efficiency of the code, a non-uniform mesh is used, reducing the mesh length in the air-ground interface. For model evaluation, simulated current distribution along the lightning channel and tower, and the radiated electromagnetic fields are compared with the measurement data and those obtained using the engineering models.

Findings
The proposed modeling technique has proved to be more accurate than the conventional methods, particularly in the prediction of current distribution along the tall tower and the vertical component of the radiated electric field.

Originality/value
The main feature of the proposed technique is its ability to consider the impact of metallic structures in a large space around lightning channel on the predicted radiated electromagnetic fields, having no concern on computer memory requirements.
Data recovery algorithm in space charge measurement by PEA method
Authors: Han Zhengyi , Chen George , Cao Junzheng , He Zhiyuan , Wang Haitian , Li Wenpeng , Tang Chao 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
The pulsed electro-acoustic (PEA) method is widely applied for space charge measurement in solid dielectrics. The signals, however, can be seriously distorted during transmission, especially in non-planar specimens. The aim of this work is to find an efficient algorithm to correctly recover the space charge profile for different types of specimens.

Design/methodology/approach
The distortion can be associated with both geometry and material (attenuation and dispersion). Hence the recovery algorithm consists of two parts respectively. The influences of geometries, causing the divergences of electric force and acoustic waveform, can be corrected by sets of factors. The attenuation and dispersion of the material can be suppressed based on the transfer function matrix in frequency domain, which could be obtained from calibration.

Findings
A general algorithm applicable to three kinds of specimens (single-layer, multi-layer and coaxial-geometry dielectrics) has been proposed. Compared with the other two algorithms in literature, the present one offers the most accurate solution while taking relatively shorter time. In addition, this algorithm is applied on signals measured from a planar LDPE sample and the results show that the new algorithm is fairly effective with excellent stability in a real system.

Originality/value
As one of the most accurate algorithms, the present one is theoretically one third quicker than the others. This algorithm would be helpful in applications calling for large calculations, i.e. 3-D imaging of space charge distribution in XLPE cable.
A real-time estimation approach of the electric power harmonics by measuring discrete spectrum energy center of symmetric windows
Authors: Tang Yi , Li Xue , Fang Yongli , Liu Hao 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
Significant amount of harmonics and inter-harmonics are being injected into the power system because of the increasing use of power electronics and large non-liner loads. Therefore, analyzing their contents in real time is necessary.

Design/methodology/approach
The frequency and phase of an electric power harmonic or inter-harmonic can be estimated by using the discrete spectrum energy center of symmetric windows, the amplitude calculation of an electric power harmonic or inter-harmonic can be calculated by using the Pasival theorem, and their relative estimation error is only decided by the distribution of windows’ energy in the frequency domain, which equals the proportion of the spectrum energy occupied in the side lobe to the whole.

Findings
The results of the digital simulation and experimental tests show that the method proposed in this paper has the same measurement precision as and more advantages in computational complexity and burden over other methods, which are based on multipoint interpolation or interpolation polynomial windowed.

Originality/value
The method is very suitable to be used to real-time measurement in a single chip DSP micro-processor.
Learning Jam
Authors: Pässilä Anne , Owens Allan , Pulkki Maiju 
Published: April 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to conceptualise “Learning Jam” as a way of organising space, time and people through arts-based pedagogies in work-based learning. This form of encounter originated in Finland to challenge functional silo mentality by prioritising polyphony. Through the use of a “kaleidoscopic pedagogy”, arts-based initiatives are used to collectively and subjectively reconsider practice.Design/methodology/approach– The research design is grounded in one of a series of Learning Jams co-created by practitioners from the field of arts and arts-based consultancy and academics from the field of arts, arts education, innovation and management, learning and development. The focus was on exploring the value of each participants work-based learning practice through the lens of an Arts Value Matrix. Rancière’s critical theory was used to frame the exploration. The research questions asked; what are the ingredients of this creative, transformative learning space and in what ways can the polyphonic understandings that emerge in it impact on work-based learning?Findings– Findings of this study centre around alternative ways of being in a learning setting where we do not defer to the conventional figures of authority, but collectively explore ways of organising, where the main idea is to lean on something-which-is-not-yet.Research limitations/implications– A key research implication is that teaching in this context demands reflexive and dialogical capabilities for those who hold the role of organising and facilitating spaces for learning and transformation. The main limitation is in stopping short of fully articulating detailed aspects of these capabilities.Originality/value– The originality and value of the practice of Learning Jam is that managers and artists explore the potential of operating as partners to develop new ways of working to realise organisational change and innovation.
Workplaces and policy spaces: insights from third sector internships Scotland
Authors: Pegg Ann , Caddell Martha 
Published: April 2016

Purpose– Understanding the relationship between learning and work is a key concern for educational researchers and policy makers at the local, national and international level. The way that learning and the economic environment are framed impacts upon policy and funding decisions and has significant implications for the HE sector. The purpose of this paper is to explore how internships have become a key site in which policy and funding mechanisms seek to address concerns about graduate employability and graduate skills in relation to Scottish national economic plans and perceived business needs.Design/methodology/approach– Drawing from five years data generated from the Third Sector Internships Scotland programme, the authors adopt an approach to the analysis of policy and internship experiences based on a spatial perspective. The authors explore two spatial arenas in play; the conceptual space where discussion and policy making occur and the physical places of education and the workplace where learning takes place. The authors trace shifts in the policy and funding of higher education internship and work placement schemes and consider how these shifts respond to internship experiences of the workplace.Findings– The authors argue that changes within the conceptual and physical spaces intersect and that identifying contrasts and overlaps helps them to focus on particular questions about how internships develop learning for students.Originality/value– Taking the national approach within Scotland as a bounded case offers a unique opportunity to explore the ways in which internships have played an increasingly significant place as a pedagogic device operating at the borderlands between educational organisations and the physical spaces of employment.
A comparative study of manufacturing and service sector supply chain integration via the uncertainty circle model
Authors: Aitken James , Childerhouse Paul , Deakins Eric , Towill Denis 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the differences and similarities between the manufacturing and services sectors in order to develop a methodology that can provide the opportunity for the transfer of best practice between the two sectors. This paper aims to describe an audit methodology capable of yielding objective comparisons of supply chain integration performance that can assist practitioners and academics to transfer learned solutions.

Design/methodology/approach
– A robust, site-based, multi-method supply chain diagnostic for detecting manufacturing supply chain system uncertainty was amended for the service sector in order to yield objective comparisons of the (normalised) supply chain integration performances of 119 organisations.

Findings
– The research confirms the value of using a lens enabled by the uncertainty circle model (UCM) for generating meaningful comparative supply chain performances. The research found that services do not always exhibit unique attributes which effectively bar manufacturing-based supply chain best practice from being adopted within the service sector.

Originality/value
– Combining the UCM and Quick Scan Audit Methodology approach has the potential to assist the spread of proven good practice across both sectors. The framework provides realistic and repeatable performance vectors, capable of aligning estimates of value stream health status even when comparing supply chains with differing objectives, configurations, and performance goals.
Relationships among supply chain strategies, organizational performance, and technological and market turbulences
Authors: Arora Amit , Arora Anshu Saxena , Sivakumar K. 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to propose a relational view of supply chain management strategy (RSCMS) and its impact on organizational performance and examine the moderating role of technological and market turbulences on these relationships.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors propose a conceptual model that links supply chain (SC) strategies to operational and relational outcomes of organizational performance. The authors follow an interdisciplinary approach by integrating insights from domains such as supply chain management (SCM), operations, marketing, management, management information systems, and technology management.

Findings
– The proposed RSCMS framework presents 15 propositions that examine SCM strategies and their interrelationships, and examine how these strategies result in superior organizational performance.

Research limitations/implications
– Through the RSCMS framework, the authors conceptualize transformation as a higher order SC strategy resulting from collaborative and integrative SCs, and tie the relational SC mix first to operational and relational outcomes and then to organizational performance.

Practical implications
– The research provides a better understanding of SC strategies of collaboration, integration, and transformation, along with market and technological turbulences for more efficient and effective SCs.

Originality/value
– In this research, the authors propose a unified RSCMS framework of SC mix strategies of collaboration, integration, and transformation and their influence on organizational performance; and explore how the RSCMS framework contributes to theory development, provide insights for managers, and explore avenues for further research.
Are workers less absent when wage dispersion is small?
Authors: Mahy Benoît , Rycx François , Volral Mélanie 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of wage dispersion on sickness absenteeism observed in Belgian firms.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors use detailed linked employer-employee panel data for the period 1999-2006 that allow the authors to compute a conditional wage dispersion indicator following the Winter-Ebmer and Zweimüller (1999) methodology and to estimate the relationship between sickness absenteeism and wage dispersion while controlling for time-invariant workplace characteristics.

Findings
– The authors find a positive and hump-shaped relationship between intra-firm wage dispersion and sickness absenteeism, the turning point of this relation being extremely high. In addition, the magnitude of the influence of wage dispersion on sickness absenteeism is found to be stronger in firms employing a larger share of blue-collar workers.

Practical implications
– The results could therefore suggest that wage dispersion, suggestive of larger pay-for-performance mechanisms, decreases worker satisfaction and the workplace climate in general. Only a minority of workers, who are less sensitive to equity and cohesion considerations, would be less absent as pay-for-performance increases.

Originality/value
– While numerous approaches analyse the link between wage dispersion and firm productivity, very few studies we are aware of are devoted to the relationship between wage dispersion and sickness absenteeism. Yet, the outcomes in terms of productivity and sickness absenteeism may be different. Furthermore, the influence of wage dispersion on sickness absenteeism does not seem unambiguous from a theoretical point of view. To the authors knowledge, it is the first time that this relation is analysed with Belgian data.
Establishment heterogeneity, rent sharing and the rise of wage inequality in Germany
Authors: Ohlert Clemens 
Published: April 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the role wage dispersion across establishments has played in recent increases in total wage inequality in Germany and compares it to inequality changes at the individual level. It is queried whether the contribution of establishment heterogeneity to the rise of wage inequality stems from changes of institutional settings or from structures such as establishment size and the composition of the workforce.Design/methodology/approach– Applying regression-based decompositions of variance to German linked employer-employee panel data for the years 2000-2010 it is analysed to what extent changes associated to firm structures contribute to the rise of total wage inequality.Findings– Results show that the rise in wage inequality in Germany to a great extent is associated to rising wage variance across establishments, implying that establishment specific wage premiums have grown. By further decomposing across firm components of wage inequality, it is found that changes in across establishment wage inequality related to collective bargaining, worker co-determination and internal labour markets together account for about 3 per cent of the rise in total inequality. Inequality changes related to establishments’ skill and occupational composition account for about 11 per cent and establishment size alone accounts for about 18 per cent of the rise in total inequality.Originality/value– The main contribution is to quantify the relation of specific establishment characteristics to the rise in total wage inequality over time. Conclusions are drawn about the importance of mechanisms of rent sharing at the firm level in comparison to the determination of wages by individual qualification.
International rent sharing and takeovers
Authors: Konings Jozef , Marcolin Luca , van Beveren Ilke 
Published: April 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to provide empirical evidence of international rent sharing in multinational enterprises. It looks at changes in rent sharing before and after the acquisition of a company by a foreign entity, and assesses the role of target and acquirer profitability in the wage setting process for the target firm. It therefore contributes to the evaluation of the impact of a form of globalization (inward foreign direct investment (FDI)) onto wages.Design/methodology/approach– The authors use a unique firm level longitudinal dataset of M & As in Belgium between 1998 and 2010. The authors construct a micro-level dataset containing takeover and accounting information for target and acquiring firms. The empirical set up permits to net the estimates from selection effects in the choice of target firm, using propensity score matching and a difference-in-difference approach.Findings– The authors find evidence that the deal does not significantly affect the degree of domestic rent sharing, but it enables international rent sharing. The authors qualify the results in terms of the acquirer’s location, industry link with the target and controlling stake. Further robustness specifications include different profits and controls, and a comparison with a sample of domestic acquisitions.Research limitations/implications– The sample of matches for acquired firms is constructed using propensity scores, which may not perfectly capture the differences between targeted and non-targeted companies. Although estimates should be net of selection effects, other sources of endogeneity may still make the estimates inconsistent.Practical implications– Updating the discussion on the labor market consequences of globalization, and on foreign takeovers in particular.Social implications– The discussion on international takeover should take into account not only the extensive margin (i.e. labor adjustments) but also salaries. The authors argue that through a precise channel (rent sharing) international takeovers of domestic companies may benefit the domestic labor force.Originality/value– The dataset was constructed for the purposes of this analysis; rent sharing is tested in a takeover scenario for the first time, thus avoiding selection biases.
Productivity, wages and profits among Belgian firms: do fixed-term contracts matter?
Authors: Garnero Andrea , Giuliano Romina , Mahy Benoit , Rycx François 
Published: April 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to estimate the impact of fixed-term contracts (FTCs) on labour productivity, wages (i.e. labour cost), and productivity-wage gaps (i.e. profits).Design/methodology/approach– The authors apply dynamic panel data techniques to detailed Belgian linked employer-employee panel data covering the period 1999-2006.Findings– Results indicate that FTCs exert stronger positive effects on productivity than on wages and (accordingly) that the use of FTCs increases firms’ profitability.Originality/value– This paper is one of the first to examine the FTC-productivity-wage nexus while addressing three important methodological issues related to the state dependency of the three explained variables, to firm time-invariant heterogeneity, and to the endogeneity of FTCs.
Micro-evidence on product and labor market regime differences between Chile and France
Authors: Dobbelaere Sabien , Lauterbach Rodolfo , Mairesse Jacques 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
– Institutions, social norms and the nature of industrial relations vary greatly between Latin American and Western European countries. Such institutional and organizational differences might shape firms’ operational environment in general and the type of competition in product and labor markets in particular. The purpose of this paper is to identify and quantify industry differences in product and labor market imperfections in Chile and France.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors rely on two extensions of Hall’s econometric framework for estimating price-cost margins by nesting three labor market settings (LMS) (perfect competition (PC) or right-to-manage bargaining, efficient bargaining (EB) and monopsony). Using an unbalanced panel of 1,737 firms over the period 1996-2003 in Chile and 14,270 firms over the period 1994-2001 in France, the authors first classify 20 comparable manufacturing industries in six distinct regimes that differ in the type of competition prevailing in product and labor markets. The authors then investigate industry differences in the estimated product and labor market imperfection parameters.

Findings
– Consistent with differences in institutions and in the industrial relations system in the two countries, the authors find regime differences across the two countries and cross-country differences in the levels of product and labor market imperfection parameters within regimes.

Originality/value
– This study is the first to compare the type and the degree of industry-level product and labor market imperfections inferred from consistent estimation of firm-level production functions in a Latin American and a Western European country. Using firm-level output price indices, the microeconomic production function estimates for Chile are not subject to the omitted output price bias, as is often a major drawback in microeconometric studies of firm behavior.
Maximizing and personalizing e-learning support for students with different backgrounds and preferences
Authors: Mironova Olga , Amitan Irina , Vendelin Jelena , Vilipõld Jüri , Saar Merike 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to present a teaching approach to achieve the most personal support for students with different backgrounds and preferences in studying an Informatics course.

Design/methodology/approach
The presented methodology is based on the main principles of flexible and blended learning. The authors considered three main aspects: student’s background, the level of knowledge and the most suitable style of learning. At the beginning of the course, students were randomly divided into reference and test group. The test group students were continuously supported by different tools within an e-learning environment. The learning process for the reference group students was held in a traditional form.

Findings
The success of the experiment presented in this paper is demonstrated by comparing the results of the test group who were taught using the new strategy with the reference group who were taught in a common way. The statistical analysis shows that the test group students had better achievements compared to the reference group.

Research Limitations/implications
This presented study was carried out with non-IT first-year university students from social sciences, economics and technical faculties. Each year the number of students varied from 150 to 300.

Originality/value
Based on developed methodology, the model of individualization of the educational process in an e-environment was created and implemented in the course of Informatics in Tallinn University of Technology.