bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conscious awareness and time perception
Authors: Montemayor Carlos 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis paper examines Zhou, Pöppel, and Bao's 2014 proposal (“In the Jungle of Time: The Concept of Identity as a Way Out,” https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00844) to unify the psychology of time through a biological principle concerning identity and homeostasis. Although the present analysis largely agrees with their proposal, it argues that a Dual Model of time (see Montemayor's 2013 monograph, Minding Time: A Philosophical and Theoretical Approach to the Psychology of Time) is needed to account for two important roles in time cognition, one related to navigation and the other to conscious awareness. In a Dual Model, the homeostatic principle plays a critical role with respect to conscious awareness, but a different principle is needed for integrating the metric constraints on navigation.
The concordance between self‐reported medication use and pharmacy records in pregnant women
Authors: Cheung K. , El Marroun H. , Elfrink M.E. , Jaddoe V.W.V. , Visser L.E. , Stricker B.H.Ch. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPurposeSeveral studies have been conducted to assess determinants affecting the performance or accuracy of self‐reports. These studies are often not focused on pregnant women, or medical records were used as a data source where it is unclear if medications have been dispensed. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the concordance between self‐reported medication data and pharmacy records among pregnant women and its determinants.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based cohort study within the Generation R study, in 2637 pregnant women. The concordance between self‐reported medication data and pharmacy records was calculated for different therapeutic classes using Yule's Y. We evaluated a number of variables as determinant of discordance between both sources through univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe concordance between self‐reports and pharmacy records was moderate to good for medications used for chronic conditions, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or anti‐asthmatic medications (0.88 and 0.68, respectively). Medications that are used occasionally, such as antibiotics, had a lower concordance (0.51). Women with a Turkish or other non‐Western background were more likely to demonstrate discordance between pharmacy records and self‐reported data compared with women with a Dutch background (Turkish: odds ratio, 1.63; 95% confidence interval, 1.16–2.29; other non‐Western: odds ratio, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.71).ConclusionsFurther research is needed to assess how the cultural or ethnic differences may affect the concordance or discordance between both medication sources. The results of this study showed that the use of multiple sources is needed to have a good estimation of the medication use during pregnancy.
KF post deposition treatment in co‐evaporated Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film solar cells: Beneficial or detrimental effect induced by the absorber characteristics
Authors: Lepetit Thomas , Harel Sylvie , Arzel Ludovic , Ouvrard Guy , Barreau Nicolas 
Published: July 2017

AbstractRecent breakthroughs in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film solar cell energy conversion efficiency are related to the application of a potassium fluoride post‐deposition treatment (KF‐PDT) to the completed absorber. Using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman scattering, we compare CIGS layers prior and after the KF‐PDT in the case of a deterioration and an improvement of the solar cells photovoltaic performance. The purpose is to study and model the modification of the surface in both cases and address some of the required characteristics of the absorber, grown on soda lime glass by 3‐stage process, in order to take advantage of the treatment. We show that, in both cases, KF‐PDT induces the formation of GaF3, which is removed during the subsequent chemical bath deposition of CdS, explaining the Ga depleted absorber surface, already reported in literature. However, the presence or not of an ordered defect compound (ODC), correlated with the third stage duration during the CIGS growth, is shown to be crucial in the modifications of the surface induced by the treatment. When an ODC is present prior the treatment, KF‐PDT leads to the formation of a surface layer of In2Se3 containing K, and the photovoltaic performance of completed solar cells are improved. When no ODC is present prior KF‐PDT, no trace of K is found at the absorber surface after the treatment, copper (Cu) segregates into detrimental CuxSe phases, high amount of elemental Se is formed, and the photovoltaic performance are lowered. The role of the ODC during the KF‐PDT is finally discussed.
Reaction pathway and H/D kinetic isotope effects of the triple proton transfer in a 7‐hydroxyquinoline‐methanol complex in the ground state: A computational approach
Authors: Mori Yukie 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMultiple proton transfer (PT) is an essential process in long‐range proton transport such as proton relay in enzymes. 7‐Hydroxyquinoline (7HQ) undergoes alcohol‐mediated PT in both the excited and ground states, and this system has been investigated as a biomimetic model. In the present study, the reaction pathway of triple PT in a 7HQ‐methanol cluster, 7HQ·(MeOH)2, in the ground state has been investigated using density functional theory calculations to clarify the reaction mechanism and the origin of the experimentally observed kinetic isotope effect (KIE). The PT takes place in an asynchronous concerted fashion, in which the oxygen atom in 7HQ first accepts a proton from the directly hydrogen‐bonded MeOH. The rate constants and primary H/D KIEs have been estimated with canonical variational transition state theory in combination with the small curvature tunneling approximation. The tunneling effect on the PT rate is significant, and the KIE is much greater than 1 at room temperature. The rule of the geometric mean for the KIEs breaks down because of the asynchronicity in the motions of 3 protons and tunneling effect. In addition, the rate constant is smaller, the KIE is larger, and the activation energy is higher compared with the experimental values in heptane solution, suggesting that the PT dynamics in solution is governed by not only the intrinsic PT process but also thermal fluctuation of the solute and solvent molecules, which plays an important role in the configurational change of the 7HQ·(MeOH)2 complex.
Evaluating a light‐louver system for behavioural guidance of age‐0 white sturgeon
Authors: Ford M.I. , Elvidge C.K. , Baker D. , Pratt T.C. , Smokorowski K.E. , Patrick P. , Sills M. , Cooke S.J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWater diversions for hydropower and other applications are some of the most disruptive alterations affecting fish populations in lotic systems. Although many different strategies have been developed to reduce lethal encounters with such infrastructure, few studies have evaluated different forms of behavioural guidance concurrently. Here, we combine an LED‐based light guidance device (LGD) equipped with adjustable wavelength and strobing output with a reverse‐configured louver rack to assess the effectiveness of this two‐part behavioural guidance system on downstream movement through a bypass by age‐0 white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus). Several combinations of LGD and louver settings were tested under both simulated day and night (low light) conditions in a laboratory setting. In the absence of the LGD, louver slat spacings of 10 or 20 cm were most effective at achieving downstream bypasses with greater success rates (~ two‐fold greater) under night conditions than under day conditions. Incorporating the LGD operating at the most attractive setting (green light strobing at 20 Hz) with the louver spacings of 10 or 20 cm achieved the highest rates of bypass usage (100% and 97%, respectively) under both day and night conditions while the control treatment (no LGD or louver) resulted in the lowest bypass rate (46%) among fish that moved downstream. Collectively, these results demonstrate that complementary cues can enhance the behavioural guidance of fishes and highlight the importance of continuing to explore the use of multiple strategies to mitigate entrainment for high priority fish species.
Comparison of acoustic recorders and field observers for monitoring tundra bird communities
Authors: Vold Skyler T. , Handel Colleen M. , McNew Lance B. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTAcoustic recorders can be useful for studying bird populations but their efficiency and accuracy should be assessed in pertinent ecological settings before use. We investigated the utility of an acoustic recorder for monitoring abundance of tundra‐breeding birds relative to point‐count surveys in northwestern Alaska, USA, during 2014. Our objectives were to 1) compare numbers of birds and species detected by a field observer with those detected simultaneously by an acoustic recorder; 2) evaluate how detection probabilities for the observer and acoustic recorder varied with distance of birds from the survey point; and 3) evaluate whether avian guild‐specific detection rates differed between field observers and acoustic recorders relative to habitat. Compared with the observer, the acoustic recorder detected fewer species (βMethod = −0.39 ± 0.07) and fewer individuals (βMethod = −0.56 ± 0.05) in total and for 6 avian guilds. Discrepancies were attributed primarily to differences in effective area surveyed (91% missed by device were >100 m), but also to nonvocal birds being missed by the recorder (55% missed <100 m were silent). The observer missed a few individuals and one species detected by the device. Models indicated that relative abundance of various avian guilds was associated primarily with maximum shrub height and less so with shrub cover and visual obstruction. The absence of a significant interaction between survey method (observer vs. acoustic recorder) and any habitat characteristic suggests that traditional point counts and acoustic recorders would yield similar inferences about ecological relationships in tundra ecosystems. Pairing of the 2 methods could increase survey efficiency and allow for validation and archival of survey results. Published 2017. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Effects of Local Shoreline and Subestuary Watershed Condition on Waterbird Community Integrity: Influences of Geospatial Scale and Season in the Chesapeake Bay
Authors: Prosser Diann J. , Nagel Jessica L. , Howlin Shay , Marbán Paul R. , Day Daniel D. , Michael Erwin R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn many coastal regions throughout the world, there is increasing pressure to harden shorelines to protect human infrastructures against sea level rise, storm surge, and erosion. This study examines waterbird community integrity in relation to shoreline hardening and land use characteristics at three geospatial scales: (1) the shoreline scale characterized by seven shoreline types: bulkhead, riprap, developed, natural marsh,Phragmites-dominated marsh, sandy beach, and forest; (2) the local subestuary landscape scale including land up to 500 m inland of the shoreline; and (3) the watershed scale >500 m from the shoreline. From 2010 to 2014, we conducted waterbird surveys along the shoreline and open water within 21 subestuaries throughout the Chesapeake Bay during two seasons to encompass post-breeding shorebirds and colonial waterbirds in late summer and migrating and wintering waterfowl in late fall. We employed an Index of Waterbird Community Integrity (IWCI) derived from mean abundance of individual waterbird species and scores of six key species attributes describing each species’ sensitivity to human disturbance, and then used this index to characterize communities in each subestuary and season. IWCI scores ranged from 14.3 to 19.7. Multivariate regression model selection showed that the local shoreline scale had the strongest influence on IWCI scores. At this scale, percent coverage of bulkhead andPhragmitesalong shorelines were the strongest predictors of IWCI, both with negative relationships. Recursive partitioning revealed that when subestuary shoreline coverage exceeded thresholds of approximately 5%Phragmitesor 8% bulkhead, IWCI scores decreased. Our results indicate that development at the shoreline scale has an important effect on waterbird community integrity, and that shoreline hardening and invasivePhragmiteseach have a negative effect on waterbirds using subestuarine systems.
Age‐related differences in social influence on risk perception depend on the direction of influence
Authors: Knoll Lisa J. , Leung Jovita T. , Foulkes Lucy , Blakemore Sarah‐Jayne 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTAdolescents are particularly susceptible to social influence. Here, we investigated the effect of social influence on risk perception in 590 participants aged eight to fifty‐nine‐years tested in the United Kingdom. Participants rated the riskiness of everyday situations, were then informed about the rating of these situations from a (fictitious) social‐influence group consisting ofteenagersoradults, and then re‐evaluated the situation. Our first aim was to attempt to replicate our previous finding that young adolescents are influenced more byteenagersthan byadults. Second, we investigated the social‐influence effect when the social‐influence group's rating was more, or less, risky than the participants' own risk rating. Younger participants were more strongly influenced byteenagersthan byadults, but only whenteenagersrated a situation as more risky than did participants. This suggests that stereotypical characteristics of the social‐influence group – risk‐prone teenagers ‐ interact with social influence on risk perception.
Minimally invasive, pericardial implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator placement in a young child
Authors: Maki Wakana , Asakai Hiroko , Shiraga Kazuhiro , Shindo Takahiro , Hirata Yoichiro , Inuzuka Ryo , Hirata Yasutaka , Oka Akira 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe report the successful minimally invasive placement of a pericardial implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) in a 16‐kg child. A transvenous ICD dual coil was advanced through a small subxiphoid incision and screwed into the oblique sinus pericardium under fluoroscopic guidance. An additional sense‐pace lead was sutured onto the right ventricular apex, and the generator was placed in the upper abdominal wall through the same incision. Threshold testing demonstrated successful defibrillation at 15 J. After implantation, the patient had two episodes of appropriate shock for ventricular fibrillation. The ICD system continues to show stable impedance at 6 months of follow‐up.
Mobility assessments of geriatric emergency department patients: A systematic review
Authors: Eagles Debra , Yadav Krishan , Perry Jeffrey J. , Sirois Marie Josée , Emond Marcel 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTObjectivesWe wished to determine the impact of emergency department (ED) mobility assessments for older patients on hospitalization, return visits, future falls, and frailty.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PEDro, and OTseeker (September 2016). Two independent reviewers identified studies of patients ≥65 years with ED physical mobility assessments and outcomes of hospitalization, return to ED, falls, and frailty. Language was not restricted. Only clinical trials and observational studies were included.ResultsWe identified 1,365 unique citations. Nine studies (six cohort and three cross-sectional) met full inclusion criteria. Patients (n=2,513) with mean age 75-85 years, admitted to hospital and discharged, underwent these ED evaluations: Timed Up and Go (TUG), Get Up and Go, tandem walk, and a gait assessment. Study quality was moderate to poor. Tandem walk did not predict falls at 90 days. TUG was not associated with return to the ED/hospitalization at 90 days. Get Up and Go was associated with hospital admission but not return to ED visits at 1 or 3 months. Due to clinical heterogeneity in study populations and outcomes, a meta-analysis was not undertaken.ConclusionsDespite multiple guidelines recommending a mobility assessment prior to ED discharge for older patients, we found that such assessments were neither associated with nor predictive of adverse outcomes. Robust research is required to guide clinicians on the utility of physical mobility assessments in older ED patients.
Action of natural phytosanitary products onBacillus thuringiensissubsp.kurstakiS-1905
Authors: Lozano E.R. , Neves P.M.O.J. , Alves L.F.A. , Potrich M. , Vilas-Bôas G.F.L.T. , Monnerat R.G. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of natural phytosanitary products (NPs) on spores and crystals ofBacillus thuringiensissubsp.kurstakiS-1905 (Btk S-1905). For the spore assay, NPs and bacteria were applied in combination and individually. For the combined application, Btk S-1905 + NP mixtures were inoculated on nutrient agar (NA), and for the separate applications, the NPs were spread on NA plates, which were later inoculated with the pathogen. The number of colony-forming units (CFU) per milliliter was quantified after 18 h of incubation. For the crystal protein degradation assay, the Btk S-1905 + NP mixtures were added to the diet ofAnticarsia gemmatalis(Lepidoptera: Erebidae), and mortality was evaluated at the following time points: 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. Scanning electron microscopy and agarose gel electrophoresis were carried out. Biogermex and Ecolife®reduced the CFU ml−1in both combined and separate applications. Biogermex, Ecolife®, and Planta Clean were antagonistic to the action of bacterial toxins, and no product affected the morphology or resulted in the degradation of the crystal proteins. The remaining products evaluated did not reduce the CFU ml−1and had additive effect when combined with the crystal toxin.
CENSORING THE KISHKOPHONE: RELIGION AND STATE POWER IN MUBARAK'S EGYPT
Authors: Rock-Singer Aaron 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHow do states produce religion and how can the study of state censorship cast light on this phenomenon? This article examines the logic by which two Egyptian government bodies, the Ministry of Culture and the Islamic Research Academy, censored the sermons of a premier Islamist preacher, Shaykh ʿAbd al-Hamid Kishk (d. 1999), between 1987 and 1993. To do so, it draws on two distinct sets of sources: a sixteen-volume printed edition of Kishk's sermons published in Egypt and MP3s of original performances recorded initially by audiocassette. While previous studies on religion and state power in the Middle East emphasize the strategies by which states use religion to assert their interests, this article uses the censorship of a leading antiregime preacher to probe the undertheorized distinction between claiming and producing religion. A focus on the strategies, in turn, casts light on both the internal diversity of religious visions within the Egyptian state and on the subtle, yet significant, ways in which state actors not only censor but also are shaped by their Islamist challengers.
RENTIER ISLAMISM IN THE ABSENCE OF ELECTIONS: THE POLITICAL ROLE OF MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD AFFILIATES IN QATAR AND THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Authors: Freer Courtney 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDrawing on contemporary history and empirical research, this article revises traditional rentier state theory, which fails to account for the existence of Islamist movements in states accruing substantial outside wealth. Rentier state theory expects that citizens of such states will form opposition blocs only when their stake in rent income is threatened. Examining the development of Muslim Brotherhood affiliates in two archetypal rentier states, or super-rentiers, in the Gulf—Qatar and the United Arab Emirates—this article shows that ideology rather than rent motivated the formation of independent Islamist movements. This research helps to break the causal link established by rentier state theory between oil rents and lack of politically relevant Islamist organizations. We find that the presence of oil rents, instead of rendering Islamist complaint politically irrelevant, shapes the ways in which Islamist movements seek to influence government policies.
Economic dependence of mountain communities on Chinese caterpillar fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis (yarsagumba): a case from western Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Uttam Babu , Dhital Krishna Ram , Gautam Ambika Prasad 
Published: July 2017

AbstractProducts obtained from forests or other natural environments play a crucial role in sustaining the livelihoods of poor people in developing countries through income generation and the creation of employment opportunities. Although studies have been carried out to evaluate the dependence of local livelihoods on environmental products, quantify the linkage between poverty and biodiversity, and assess the impacts of resource depletion on household economics, most have been focused geographically on the tropics. Our study was conducted in the mountain village of Jumla, Nepal, to quantify the economic contribution of Chinese caterpillar fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis (yarsagumba) to local households. Income from yarsagumba accounted for up to 65% of the total household cash income, on average, and its contribution was highest in the poorest households. It contributed to reducing income inequality by 38%, and the income was utilized to purchase food and clothes, celebrate festivals, pay for medical treatment and children's education, and for savings. There was a mean annual decline of 25 pieces in the per capita harvest of yarsagumba during 2010–2014. However, the decline had no adverse impact on household income, as the price increased.
Shared genetic influences do not explain the association between parent–offspring relationship quality and offspring internalizing problems: results from a Children-of-Twins study
Authors: Hannigan L. J. , Rijsdijk F. V. , Ganiban J. M. , Reiss D. , Spotts E. L. , Neiderhiser J. M. , Lichtenstein P. , McAdams T. A. , Eley T. C. 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundAssociations between parenting and child outcomes are often interpreted as reflecting causal, social influences. However, such associations may be confounded by genes common to children and their biological parents. To the extent that these shared genes influence behaviours in both generations, a passive genetic mechanism may explain links between them. Here we aim to quantify the relative importance of passive geneticv.social mechanisms in the intergenerational association between parent–offspring relationship quality and offspring internalizing problems in adolescence.MethodsWe used a Children-of-Twins (CoT) design with data from the parent-based Twin and Offspring Study of Sweden (TOSS) sample [909 adult twin pairs and their offspring; offspring mean age 15.75 (2.42) years], and the child-based Swedish Twin Study of CHild and Adolescent Development (TCHAD) sample [1120 adolescent twin pairs; mean age 13.67 (0.47) years]. A composite of parent-report measures (closeness, conflict, disagreements, expressions of affection) indexed parent–offspring relationship quality in TOSS, and offspring self-reported internalizing symptoms were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) in both samples.ResultsA social transmission mechanism explained the intergenerational association [r= 0.21 (0.16–0.25)] in our best-fitting model. A passive genetic transmission pathway was not found to be significant, indicating that parental genetic influences on parent–offspring relationship quality and offspring genetic influences on their internalizing problems were non-overlapping.ConclusionThese results indicate that this intergenerational association is a product of social interactions between children and parents, within which bidirectional effects are highly plausible. Results from genetically informative studies of parenting-related effects should be used to help refine early parenting interventions aimed at reducing risk for psychopathology.