bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Features of glycemic variations in drug naïve type 2 diabetic patients with different HbA1c values
Authors: Li Feng-fei , Liu Bing-li , Yan Reng-na , Zhu Hong-hong , Zhou Pei-hua , Li Hui-qin , Su Xiao-fei , Wu Jin-dan , Zhang Dan-feng , Ye Lei , Ma Jian-hua 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTo define the features of glycemic variations in drug naïve type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients with different HbA1c values using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), a total of 195 drug naïve T2D patients were admitted. The subjects were divided into the following groups: lower HbA1c values (≤8%), moderate HbA1c values (>8% and ≤10%), and higher HbA1c values (>10%). The patients underwent oral glucose tolerance tests and were then subjected to 3-day CGM. The primary endpoint was the differences in the 24-hr mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) in patients with different HbA1c values. Patients with higher HbA1c values had larger MAGEs than those in the moderate and lower groups (7.44 ± 3.00 vs. 6.30 ± 2.38, P < 0.05, 7.44 ± 3.00 vs. 5.20 ± 2.35, P < 0.01, respectively). The 24-hr mean glucose concentrations increased incrementally in the patients with lower, moderate and higher HbA1c values. Moreover, the patients with higher HbA1c values exhibited higher peak glucose concentrations and prolongation in the time to peak glucose. Patients with higher HbA1c values had larger MAGE compared with those with lower and moderate HbA1c values. Our data indicated patients with higher HbA1c values should receive special therapy aimed at reducing the larger glycemic variations.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation of tyrosinase (Tyr) 3′ UTR induce graying in rabbit
Authors: Song Yuning , Xu Yuxin , Deng Jichao , Chen Mao , Lu Yi , Wang Yong , Yao Haobin , Zhou Lina , Liu Zhiquan , Lai Liangxue , Li Zhanjun 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs), located at the end of mRNA molecules, are believed to play a role in RNA replication and/or protein translation. Mutations in the tyrosinase (Tyr) gene are known to cause recessive albinism in humans and other species. In this study, to test whether the CRISPR/Cas9 system works on the mutation of the UTRs regulatory region in rabbit, the 3′ UTR of the rabbit Tyr gene was deleted by a dual sgRNA directed CRISPR/Cas9 system. As expected, gray coat color and reduced melanin in hair follicles and irises was found in the mutated rabbit, thus increasing confidence in the association of the mutation of the Tyr 3′ UTR with graying in rabbit. The graying phenotype was also found in the F1 generation, suggesting that the mutated allele can be stably inherited by the offspring. Thus, we provide the first evidence that reduced melanin and graying can be caused by deletion of the Tyr 3′ UTR in rabbits. Additionally, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated large fragment deletions can facilitate genotype to phenotype studies of UTRs or non-coding RNAs in future.
Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1) methylation and its association with clinical prognosis in patients with chondrosarcoma
Authors: Liu Pei , Shen Jacson K. , Hornicek Francis J. , Liu Fuyun , Duan Zhenfeng 
Published: May 2017

AbstractChondrosarcoma (CS) is a rare cancer, but it is the second most common primary malignant bone tumor and highly resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Aberrant DNA methylation in the promoter CpG island of Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1) has been observed in different cancers. However, no studies have shown the relationship between WIF1 methylation and CS. In this study, we found promoter methylated WIF1 in both CS cell lines (CS-1 and SW1353) and tumor tissues. Western blot analysis confirmed loss WIF1 expression and activation of Wnt pathway proteins (Wnt5a/b, LRP6, and Dvl2). We subsequently examined the correlation between levels of WIF1 methylation and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in CS patient samples with a follow-up spanning 234 months (mean: 57.6 months). Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests revealed that high levels of WIF1 methylation were associated with lower OS and PFS rates (p < 0.05). Multivariate Cox hazard analysis suggested that detection of high level methylation of WIF1 could be an independent prognostic factor in OS and PFS. In conclusion, we found that WIF1 is epigenetically silenced via promoter DNA methylation in CS and propose that WIF1 methylation may serve as a potential prognostic marker for patients with CS.
Sand Dune Encroachment and Desertification Processes of the Rigboland Sand Sea, Central Iran
Authors: Ahmady-Birgani Hesam , McQueen Kenneth G. , Moeinaddini Mazaher , Naseri Hamidreza 
Published: May 2017

AbstractEarly studies on sand dune movement and desertification in Iran have not always been convincingly demonstrated because of problems with the field-based measurements. In some areas where various land uses have been engulfed by aeolian sand dunes, desertification is clear, but in other less settled areas, it may not be so obvious. The objective of this study is to demonstrate encroachments of the Rigboland sand sea, central Iran, in its different directions and variable magnitude rates. Determining the rate and direction of the sand sea movements is critical for specifying which lands should be prioritized and quickly protected. The study has trialed a change detection technique which uses a Cross-Tabulation module to compare two available LandsatTM images over the Rigboland sand sea. This indicates that within a ten-year span (from 1988 to 1998) more than 200 ha/yr were added to the Rigboland sand sea, from the alluvial fan landforms in the eastern upstream, outer margins of the Rigboland sand sea. Coupled with GIS techniques, this type of analysis of the remote sensing (RS) images provides an effective tool for the monitoring and prognostication of sand dune movement and sand sea change.
Paternal spatial training enhances offspring’s cognitive performance and synaptic plasticity in wild-type but not improve memory deficit in Alzheimer’s mice
Authors: Zhang Shujuan , Li Xiaoguang , Wang Zhouyi , Liu Yanchao , Gao Yuan , Tan Lu , Liu Enjie , Zhou Qiuzhi , Xu Cheng , Wang Xin , Liu Gongping , Chen Haote , Wang Jian-Zhi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractRecent studies suggest that spatial training can maintain associative memory capacity in Tg2576 mice, but it is not known whether the beneficial effects can be inherited from the trained fathers to their offspring. Here, we exposed male wild-type and male 3XTg Alzheimer disease (AD) mice (3-m old) respectively to spatial training for one week and assessed the transgenerational effects in the F1 offspring when they were grown to 7-m old. We found that the paternal spatial training significantly enhanced progeny’s spatial cognitive performance and synaptic transmission in wild-type mice. Among several synapse- or memory-associated proteins, we observed that the expression level of synaptotagmin 1 (SYT1) was significantly increased in the hippocampus of the paternally trained-offspring. Paternal training increased histone acetylation at the promoter of SYT1 in both fathers’ and the offspring’s hippocampus, and as well as in the fathers’ sperm. Finally, paternal spatial training for one week did not improve memory and synaptic plasticity in 3XTg AD F1 offspring. Our findings suggest paternal spatial training for one week benefits the offspring’s cognitive performance in wild-type mice with the mechanisms involving an enhanced transgenerational histone acetylation at SYT1 promoter.
Role of Akt-independent mTORC1 and GSK3β signaling in sublethal NMDA-induced injury and the recovery of neuronal electrophysiology and survival
Authors: Swiatkowski Przemyslaw , Nikolaeva Ina , Kumar Gaurav , Zucco Avery , Akum Barbara F. , Patel Mihir V. , D’Arcangelo Gabriella , Firestein Bonnie L. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractGlutamate-induced excitotoxicity, mediated by overstimulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, is a mechanism that causes secondary damage to neurons. The early phase of injury causes loss of dendritic spines and changes to synaptic activity. The phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/Akt/ mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) pathway has been implicated in the modulation and regulation of synaptic strength, activity, maturation, and axonal regeneration. The present study focuses on the physiology and survival of neurons following manipulation of Akt and several downstream targets, such as GSK3β, FOXO1, and mTORC1, prior to NMDA-induced injury. Our analysis reveals that exposure to sublethal levels of NMDA does not alter phosphorylation of Akt, S6, and GSK3β at two and twenty four hours following injury. Electrophysiological recordings show that NMDA-induced injury causes a significant decrease in spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents at both two and twenty four hours, and this phenotype can be prevented by inhibiting mTORC1 or GSK3β, but not Akt. Additionally, inhibition of mTORC1 or GSK3β promotes neuronal survival following NMDA-induced injury. Thus, NMDA-induced excitotoxicity involves a mechanism that requires the permissive activity of mTORC1 and GSK3β, demonstrating the importance of these kinases in the neuronal response to injury.
Unconventional electron states in δ-doped SmTiO3
Authors: Lechermann Frank 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTThe Mott-insulating distorted perovskite SmTiO3, doped with a single SrO layer in a quantum-well architecture is studied by the combination of density functional theory with dynamical mean-field theory. A rich correlated electronic structure in line with recent experimental investigations is revealed by the given realistic many-body approach to a large-unit-cell oxide heterostructure. Coexistence of conducting and Mott-insulating TiO2 layers prone to magnetic order gives rise to multi-orbital electronic transport beyond standard Fermi-liquid theory. First hints towards a pseudogap opening due to electron-electron scattering within a background of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic fluctuations are detected.
Amniotic Fluid Embolism. Is a New Pregnancy Possible? Case Report
Authors: Caeiro Ana Filipa Cabrita , Ramilo Irina Dulce Tapadinhas Matos , Santos Ana Paula , Ferreira Elizabeth , Batalha Isabel Santos 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAmniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but potentially catastrophic clinical condition, characterized by a combination of signs and symptoms that reflect respiratory distress, cardiovascular collapse and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Its pathogenesis is still unclear. More recently, the traditional view of obstruction of pulmonary capillary vessels by amniotic fluid emboli as the main explanation for the etiology has been ruled out, and immunologic factors and the activation of the inflammatory cascade took on an important role. Amniotic fluid embolism has an unpredictable character, its diagnosis is exclusively clinical, and the treatment consists mainly of cardiovascular support and administration of blood products to correct the DIC. No diagnostic test is recommended until now, though multiple blood markers are currently being studied. The authors present a case report of a woman who had survived AFE in her previous pregnancy and had a subsequent pregnancy without recurrence, providing one more clinical testimony of the low risks for the pregnancy after AFE.
Augmentation Techniques for Meniscus Repair
Authors: Ghazi zadeh Leili , Chevrier Anik , Farr Jack , Rodeo Scott , Buschmann Michael 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMenisci display exquisitely complex structure and play an essential weight-bearing role in the knee joint. A torn meniscus is one of the most common knee injuries which can result in pain and mechanical abnormalities. Tear location is one aspect which determines the endogenous healing response; tears that occur in the peripheral densely vascularized zone of the meniscus have the potential to heal while the healing capacity is more limited in the less vascularized inner zones. Meniscectomy was once widely performed, but led to poor radiographic and patient-reported mid- and long-term outcomes. After the advent of arthroscopy, orthopaedic opinion in the 1980s has been swaying toward salvaging or repairing the torn meniscus tissue to prevent osteoarthritis rather than performing meniscectomy. Meniscus repair in young active individuals has been shown to be effective, reproducible, and reliable if indications are met; however, only a small proportion of all tears are considered repairable with available technologies. Biological augmentation techniques and meniscus tissue engineering strategies are being devised to enhance the likelihood and rate of healing in meniscus repair. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that introduction of cellular elements of the blood, bone marrow, and related growth factors have the potential to enhance meniscus repair. This article reviews the current state of clinical management of meniscus tears (primary repair) as well as augmentation techniques to improve healing by meniscus wrapping with extracellular matrix materials, trephination, synovial rasping and abrasion, fibrin/blood clot placement, and platelet-rich plasma injections. In addition, the rationale for using polymer/autologous blood component implants to improve meniscus repair will be discussed.
Effect of Prophylactic Thoracic Duct Ligation in Reducing the Incidence of Postoperative Chylothorax during Esophagectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Lei Yiyan , Feng Yanfen , Zeng Bo , Zhang Xin , Chen Jingfu , Zou Jianyong , Su Chunhua , Liu Zhenguo , Zhang Shuishen , Luo Honghe 
Published: May 2017

Objectives There is no consensus on the effectiveness of prophylactic thoracic duct ligation (PLG) in esophagectomy for reducing the incidence of postoperative chylothorax. We performed a systemic review and meta-analysis to study its efficacy.
Methods A systemic review of the publications was performed on three databases to identify all the relevant literature on comparative outcomes of PLG and nonprophylactic thoracic duct ligation (NPLG). The primary end point was the incidence of postoperative chylothorax.
Results Seven studies with comparative data on PLG (n = 2,178) versus NPLG (n = 3,048) were identify from the current publications. Comparison showed no significant difference between PLG and NPLG on the incidence of postoperative chylothorax (relative risk = 0.431; 95% confidence interval, 0.186 to 1.002; p = 0.050).
Conclusions Although some studies showed that PLG during the esophagectomy was effective to lower the incidence of postoperative chylothorax, no evidence was observed in the present meta-analysis. Further research is warranted to validate the findings.
Penile Self-amputation
Authors: Manganiello Marc , Knaus William , Cohen Justin , Lee Bernard 
Published: May 2017

Background A 24-year-old man was urgently transferred from an outside institution after self-amputating his penis.
Methods The patient was suffering from a paranoid schizophrenic delusional episode. Voices told him to amputate his own penis with a utility knife. He was taken emergently to the operating room by urology and plastic surgery. Cystoscopy was performed and a 14F percutaneous suprapubic catheter was placed. The amputated distal penis and the proximal stump were debrided. The urethra, dorsal artery, and neurovascular bundles were mobilized. The distal urethra was spatulated dorsally and the proximal urethra was spatulated ventrally. The urethra was reanastomosed over a 16F Foley catheter with interrupted, 4–0 absorbable, monofilament suture. The corpora were reanastomosed with interrupted, 2–0 and 3–0, absorbable, monofilament suture. The arteries and nerve were reanastomosed. Total ischemia time was between 4 and 5 hours.
Results The patient initially developed edema, ecchymosis, and mild incisional skin necrosis from the resulting reperfusion injury. However, the penile graft successfully maintained perfusion. He was discharged 2 weeks after his injury in stable psychiatric condition. His Foley catheter and suprapubic tube remained in place for 10 weeks. A voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) demonstrated a patent urethra without evidence of urinary leakage or stricture. At the time of his VCUG, he experienced return of distal penile sensation and partial erections.
Conclusion Penile reimplantation after self-amputation is successful if ischemic time is minimized and a multidisciplinary approach with plastic surgery and microvascular anastomosis is performed.
Reversible Dilated Cardiomyopathy Due to Combination of Vitamin D–Deficient Rickets and Primary Hypomagnesemia in an 11-Month-Old Infant
Authors: Kesici Selman , Demirbilek Hüseyin , Tanyıldız Murat , Gumustas Mehmet , Bayrakci Benan , Yazici Mutlu 
Published: May 2017

AbstractVitamin D–deficient rickets is still an important and common health problem in developing countries. Since calcium is an essential ion for cardiac muscle contraction, calcium deficiency caused by rickets can cause secondary dilated cardiomyopathy. This situation can be exacerbated by coexisting hypomagnesemia. Here, we report a case of dilated cardiomyopathy due to hypocalcemia induced by vitamin D–deficient rickets and accompanying primary hypomagnesemia in an infant whose cardiomyopathy was successfully treated by replacement of calcium, vitamin D, and magnesium. In addition to genetic causes, viral infections, and idiopathic factors, metabolic abnormalities are important etiologic factors in pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy and since they are treatable, prompt diagnosis of these disorders is crucial.
Clinical Features and Treatment of Fibrous Histiocytomas of the Tongue: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nguyen Austin , Vaudreuil Adam , Haun Paul , Caponetti Gabriel , Huerter Christopher 
Published: May 2017

Introduction Benign fibrous histiocytomas are common lesions of the skin that rarely affect the tongue. Such cases are available in the literature exclusively as case reports. Similarly, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, now classified as undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, is exceedingly rare in the tongue and not fully understood.
Objectives This study systematically reviews the available literature discussing the clinical and pathological features of malignant and benign fibrous histiocytomas.
Data Synthesis A total of 20 cases were included in this review. Patient-level data were extracted from cases to include clinical presentation, workup, treatment, and outcome.
Conclusion Benign fibrous histiocytomas are consistent in clinical and histopathologic presentation. Surgical treatment provides excellent outcome, with no recurrence in all excised cases. Malignant tumors have a more aggressive clinical and pathological presentation. Surgical treatment with possible adjuvant radiotherapy resulted in recurrence in 40% of cases (follow-up of 24 months), and death due to disease in 47% of patients (follow-up of 19 months).
The Relationship between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Tourette Syndrome in Childhood: An Overview of Shared Characteristics
Authors: Gulisano Mariangela , Domini Carla , Ferro Maria , Curatolo Paolo , Rizzo Renata 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Tourette syndrome (TS) are neurodevelopmental disorders. ASD and TS are traditionally considered to be separate conditions. Nevertheless, these disorders have a high degree of overlap, and “pure” cases are rare in both clinical and population-based studies. The aim of the present review was to analyze the similarities and differences between ASD and TS on the basis of genetic and neuroradiological findings.
“Publicationism” and scientists’ satisfaction depend on gender, career stage and the wider academic system
Authors: Husemann Martin , Rogers Rebecca , Meyer Sebastian , Habel Jan Christian 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe biological sciences have experienced a significant increase in journals and hence in publications in recent decades. The increasing number of research contributions reflects the “publish-or-perish” culture of science. The resulting pressure to publish may affect the publishing and working behaviour of researchers. However, the pressure to publish and the satisfaction while publishing scientific results may vary between genders and across career stages. Little effort has been taken to understand how scientists are affected by this pressure and how it may differ among groups of scientists. Therefore, we anonymously interviewed almost 1000 scientists from the field of the biological sciences, including female and male researchers at all career stages, to investigate potential negative effects of the pressure to publish, but also positive feelings (i.e. satisfaction) resulting from publishing. We assessed basic personal attributes (i.e. age, gender, career stage), and the personal attitude and feeling towards publishing. Our data indicates that “publicationism”, an index of stress arising from the pressure to publish, depends on age and gender. Female scientists suffered stronger from publicationism (publicationism score=2.577) than male scientists (score=2.364). Publicationism decreased with increasing age (drop of 0.19 index points), and was more intense for scientists from the United States (score=2.91) than for Germans (score=2.20). Most scientists felt satisfied when contributing to science by publishing their work and satisfaction lasted longer with increasing age. Our data show a weak negative correlation between publicationism and satisfaction. Thus, publishing in the biological sciences produces an ambivalent situation, which positively stimulates older, experienced scientists, but which may stress young researchers, in particular females. Publicationism further depends on the academic system and employer of the scientist.
Compositional data supports decentralized model of production and circulation of artifacts in the pre-Columbian south-central Andes
Authors: Lazzari Marisa , Pereyra Domingorena Lucas , Stoner Wesley D. , Scattolin María Cristina , Korstanje María Alejandra , Glascock Michael D. 
Published: May 2017

SignificanceThe exchange of goods is a key factor in the development of complex societies. The Andes have provided a fertile ground for investigating this process, yet the long-standing emphasis on qualitative assessments of artifact similarities has left important aspects of ancient exchange open to speculation. Through a multianalytical and multimaterial approach we examine regional connections in Formative Period northwest Argentina. The results unveil a far more multifaceted, decentralized network than previously thought, challenging standard approaches that have favored centralized patterns of regional interaction. The study opens avenues for investigating the dynamic interaction between local and regional networks in small-scale societies through actual material transfers, both in the Andes and beyond.
Effects of habitat disturbance on tropical forest biodiversity
Authors: Alroy John 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Biologists believe that a major mass extinction is happening in the tropics. Destruction of forests is a key reason. However, there are no solid predictions of the percentage of species that will go extinct as more and more forests are disturbed. This paper provides estimates based on extrapolating the respective numbers of species in disturbed and undisturbed habitats. It uses a large global database of species inventories at particular sites. Trees and 10 groups of animals are analyzed. All the disturbed habitats put together include 41% fewer species than the undisturbed forests. This proportion varies among groups but is always substantial. Furthermore, disturbed local communities are dominated by widespread species such as rats and electric ants.