bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Angular Momentum of Early- and Late-type Galaxies: Nature or Nurture?
Authors: Shi J. , Lapi A. , Mancuso C. , Wang H. , Danese L. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We investigate the origin, shape, scatter, and cosmic evolution of the observed relationship between specific angular momentum j
⋆ and the stellar mass M
⋆ in early-type galaxies (ETGs) and late-type galaxies (LTGs). Specifically, we exploit the observed star formation efficiency and chemical abundance to infer the fraction f
inf of baryons that infall toward the central regions of galaxies where star formation can occur. We find f
inf ≈ 1 for LTGs and ≈0.4 for ETGs with an uncertainty of about 0.25 dex, consistent with a biased collapse. By comparing with the locally observed j
⋆ versus M
⋆ relations for LTGs and ETGs, we estimate the fraction f

j
of the initial specific angular momentum associated with the infalling gas that is retained in the stellar component. For LTGs, we find

f

j

≈

1.11

−
0.44

+
0.75

, in line with the classic disk formation picture; for ETGs, we infer

f

j

≈

0.64

−
0.16

+
0.20

, which can be traced back to a z ≲ 1 evolution via dry mergers. We also show that the observed scatter in the j
⋆ versus M
⋆ relation for both galaxy types is mainly contributed by the intrinsic dispersion in the spin parameters of the host dark matter halo. The biased-collapse plus merger scenario implies that the specific angular momentum in the stellar components of ETG progenitors at z ∼ 2 is already close to the local values, in good agreement with observations. All in all, we argue that such a behavior is imprinted by nature and not nurtured substantially by the environment.
Predicting Solar Flares Using SDO/HMI Vector Magnetic Data Products and the Random Forest Algorithm
Authors: Liu Chang , Deng Na , Wang Jason T. L. , Wang Haimin 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Adverse space-weather effects can often be traced to solar flares, the prediction of which has drawn significant research interests. The Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) produces full-disk vector magnetograms with continuous high cadence, while flare prediction efforts utilizing this unprecedented data source are still limited. Here we report results of flare prediction using physical parameters provided by the Space-weather HMI Active Region Patches (SHARP) and related data products. We survey X-ray flares that occurred from 2010 May to 2016 December and categorize their source regions into four classes (B, C, M, and X) according to the maximum GOES magnitude of flares they generated. We then retrieve SHARP-related parameters for each selected region at the beginning of its flare date to build a database. Finally, we train a machine-learning algorithm, called random forest (RF), to predict the occurrence of a certain class of flares in a given active region within 24 hr, evaluate the classifier performance using the 10-fold cross-validation scheme, and characterize the results using standard performance metrics. Compared to previous works, our experiments indicate that using the HMI parameters and RF is a valid method for flare forecasting with fairly reasonable prediction performance. To our knowledge, this is the first time that RF has been used to make multiclass predictions of solar flares. We also find that the total unsigned quantities of vertical current, current helicity, and flux near the polarity inversion line are among the most important parameters for classifying flaring regions into different classes.
Double Arc Instability in the Solar Corona
Authors: Ishiguro N. , Kusano K. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The stability of the magnetic field in the solar corona is important for understanding the causes of solar eruptions. Although various scenarios have been suggested to date, the tether-cutting reconnection scenario proposed by Moore et al. is one of the widely accepted models to explain the onset process of solar eruptions. Although the tether-cutting reconnection scenario proposes that the sigmoidal field formed by internal reconnection is the magnetic field in the pre-eruptive state, the stability of the sigmoidal field has not yet been investigated quantitatively. In this paper, in order to elucidate the stability problem of the pre-eruptive state, we developed a simple numerical analysis in which the sigmoidal field is modeled by a double arc electric current loop and its stability is analyzed. As a result, we found that the double arc loop is more easily destabilized than the axisymmetric torus, and it becomes unstable even if the external field does not decay with altitude, which is in contrast to the axisymmetric torus instability. This suggests that tether-cutting reconnection may well work as the onset mechanism of solar eruptions, and if so, the critical condition for eruption under a certain geometry may be determined by a new type of instability rather than by the torus instability. Based on them, we propose a new type of instability called double arc instability (DAI). We discuss the critical conditions for DAI and derive a new parameter κ, defined as the product of the magnetic twist and the normalized flux of the tether-cutting reconnection.
Numerical Study on the Validity of the Taylor Hypothesis in Space Plasmas
Authors: Perri Silvia , Servidio Sergio , Vaivads Andris , Valentini Francesco 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In situ heliospheric measurements allow us to resolve fluctuations as a function of frequency. A crucial point is to describe the power spectral density as a function of the wavenumber, in order to understand the energy cascade through the scales in terms of plasma turbulence theories. The most favorable situation occurs when the average wind speed is much higher than the phase speed of the plasma modes, equivalent to the fact that the fluctuations’ dynamical times are much longer than their typical crossing period through the spacecraft (frozen-in Taylor approximation). Using driven compressible Hall-magneothydrodynamics simulations, in which an “imaginary” spacecraft flies across a time-evolving turbulence, here we explore the limitations of the frozen-in assumption. We find that the Taylor hypothesis is robust down to sub-proton scales, especially for flows with mean velocities typical of the fast solar wind. For slow mean flows (i.e., speeds of the order of the Alfvèn speed) power spectra are subject to an amplitude shift throughout the scales. At small scales, when dispersive decorrelation mechanisms become significant, the frozen-in assumption is generally violated, in particular for k-vectors almost parallel to the average magnetic field. A discussion in terms of the spacetime autocorrelation function is proposed. These results might be relevant for the interpretation of the observations, in particular for existing and future space missions devoted to very high-resolution measurements.
Petit échange sur l’idée même de religion
Authors: Caillé Alain , Singleton Michael 
Published: July 2017

Bref échange entre Alain Caillé et Michael Singleton (missionnaire et anthropologue) autour de l’article de ce dernier, paru le 25 mars 2016 dans la Revue du Mauss permanente : « Cro-Magnon était-il croyant ? Le pré, le para et le postreligieux ». Tandis que Michael Singleton, dans cet article, affirme avec force n’avoir trouvé aucune trace de « religion » chez les peuples africains auprès desquels il a vécu et travaillé, Alain Caillé suggère que certains des traits relevés par l’ethnologue entrent en résonance avec sa propre théorie du religieux.
Républicanisme vs Libéralisme. Les régimes de laïcité et leur mise à l’épreuve
Authors: Gauthier François 
Published: July 2017

Les débats sur la question de la religion et de l’espace public opposent deux idéologies irréconciliables : le multiculturalisme libéral et la laïcité républicaine. De manière idéal-typique, cet article propose de définir le libéralisme et le républicanisme comme les deux pôles d’une matrice indispensable à la compréhension du réel et qui trouve son actualisation dans les histoires respectives des cultures marquées par le catholicisme et le protestantisme. Il aborde d’abord les circonstances historiques de l’émergence de ces deux imaginaires politiques avant de définir schématiquement chaque idéal-type. En conclusion, l’article montre en quoi ces deux grands modèles de laïcité, tels qu’ils se sont institutionnalisés, sont aujourd’hui mis à l’épreuve de manière radicale par les mutations récentes du religieux, typifiées par le port du voile islamique.
A Novel Subset of Anti-Inflammatory CD138+ Macrophages Is Deficient in Mice with Experimental Lupus
Authors: Han Shuhong , Zhuang Haoyang , Shumyak Stepan , Wu Jingfan , Li Hui , Yang Li-Jun , Reeves Westley H. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Dead cells accumulating in the tissues may contribute to chronic inflammation. We examined the cause of impaired apoptotic cell clearance in human and murine lupus. Dead cells accumulated in bone marrow from lupus patients but not from nonautoimmune patients undergoing myeloablation, where they were efficiently removed by macrophages (MΦ). Impaired apoptotic cell uptake by MΦ also was seen in mice treated i.p. with pristane (develop lupus) but not mineral oil (MO) (do not develop lupus). The inflammatory response to both pristane and MO rapidly depleted resident (Tim4+) large peritoneal MΦ. The peritoneal exudate of pristane-treated mice contained mainly Ly6Chi inflammatory monocytes; whereas in MO-treated mice, it consisted predominantly of a novel subset of highly phagocytic MΦ resembling small peritoneal MΦ (SPM) that expressed CD138+ and the scavenger receptor Marco. Treatment with anti-Marco–neutralizing Abs and the class A scavenger receptor antagonist polyinosinic acid inhibited phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by CD138+ MΦ. CD138+ MΦ expressed IL-10R, CD206, and CCR2 but little TNF-α or CX3CR1. They also expressed high levels of activated CREB, a transcription factor implicated in generating alternatively activated MΦ. Similar cells were identified in the spleen and lung of MO-treated mice and also were induced by LPS. We conclude that highly phagocytic, CD138+ SPM-like cells with an anti-inflammatory phenotype may promote the resolution of inflammation in lupus and infectious diseases. These SPM-like cells are not restricted to the peritoneum and may help clear apoptotic cells from tissues such as the lung, helping to prevent chronic inflammation.
Human Monocyte Subsets Are Transcriptionally and Functionally Altered in Aging in Response to Pattern Recognition Receptor Agonists
Authors: Metcalf Talibah U. , Wilkinson Peter A. , Cameron Mark J. , Ghneim Khader , Chiang Cindy , Wertheimer Anne M. , Hiscott John B. , Nikolich-Zugich Janko , Haddad Elias K. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAge-related alterations in immunity have been linked to increased incidence of infections and decreased responses to vaccines in the aging population. Human peripheral blood monocytes are known to promote Ag presentation and antiviral activities; however, the impact of aging on monocyte functions remains an open question. We present an in-depth global analysis examining the impact of aging on classical (CD14+CD16−), intermediate (CD14+CD16+), and nonclassical (CD14dimCD16+) monocytes. Monocytes sorted from nonfrail healthy adults (21–40 y) and old (≥65 y) individuals were analyzed after stimulation with TLR4, TLR7/8, and retinoic acid–inducible gene I agonists. Our data showed that under nonstimulated conditions, monocyte subsets did not reveal significant age-related alternations; however, agonist stimulated-monocytes from adults and old subjects did show differences at the transcriptional and functional levels. These alternations in many immune-related transcripts and biological processes resulted in reduced production of IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, CCL20, and CCL8, and higher expression of CX3CR1 in monocytes from old subjects. Our findings represent a comprehensive analysis of the influence of human aging on pattern recognition receptors signaling and monocyte functions, and have implications for strategies to enhance the immune response in the context of infection and immunization.
Regulated Polarization of Tumor-Associated Macrophages by miR-145 via Colorectal Cancer–Derived Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Shinohara Haruka , Kuranaga Yuki , Kumazaki Minami , Sugito Nobuhiko , Yoshikawa Yuki , Takai Tomoaki , Taniguchi Kohei , Ito Yuko , Akao Yukihiro 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Macrophages are polarized into functional classically activated and alternatively activated (M2) phenotypes depending on their microenvironment, and these cells play an important role in the immune system. M2-like polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is activated by various secretions from cancer cells; however, the interaction between cancer cells and TAMs is not well understood. Recent studies showed that cancer cell–derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to tumor development and modulation of the tumor microenvironment. In the current study, we investigated colorectal cancer–derived EVs containing miR-145 with respect to the polarization of TAMs. Colorectal cancer cells positively secreted miR-145 via EVs, which were taken up by macrophage-like cells. Interestingly, colorectal cancer–derived EVs polarized macrophage-like cells into the M2-like phenotype through the downregulation of histone deacetylase 11. An in vivo study showed that EV-treated macrophages caused significant enlargement of the tumor volumes. These findings suggest that colorectal cancer cells use miR-145 within EVs to efficiently modulate M2-like macrophage polarization and tumor progression.
Superconvergence Analysis of Gradient Recovery Method for TM Model of Electromagnetic Scattering in the Cavity
Authors: Jia Shanghui , Yao Changhui 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the transform magnetic (TM) model of electromagnetic scattering in the cavity. By the Polynomial Preserving Recovery technique, we present superconvergence analysis for the vertex-edge-face type finite element. From the numerical example, we can see that the provided method is efficient and stable.
A Web-based Game for Teaching Facial Expressions to Schizophrenic Patients
Authors: Işleyen Filiz , Cinemre Buket , Samur Mehmet Kemal , Kaya Semiha Şen , Zayim Neşe , Gülkesen Kemal Hakan 
Published: July 2017

SummaryBackground: Recognizing facial expressions is an important social skill. In some psychological disorders such as schizophrenia, loss of this skill may complicate the patient’s daily life. Prior research has shown that information technology may help to develop facial expression recognition skills through educational software and games.Objectives: To examine if a computer game designed for teaching facial expressions would improve facial expression recognition skills of patients with schizophrenia.Methods: We developed a website composed of eight serious games. Thirty-two patients were given a pre-test composed of 21 facial expression photographs. Eighteen patients were in the study group while 14 were in the control group. Patients in the study group were asked to play the games on the website. After a period of one month, we performed a post-test for all patients.Results: The median score of the correct answers was 17.5 in the control group whereas it was 16.5 in the study group (of 21) in pretest. The median post-test score was 18 in the control group (p=0.052) whereas it was 20 in the study group (p<0.001).Conclusions: Computer games may be used for the purpose of educating people who have difficulty in recognizing facial expressions.Citation: Gülkesen KH, Işleyen F, Cinemre B, Şamur MK, Sen Kaya S, Zayim N. A web-based game for teaching facial expressions to schizophrenic patients. Appl Clin Inform 2017; 8: 719–730 https://doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2016-10-RA-0172
Ações do Laboratório de Letramento Acadêmico da USP: promovendo a escrita acadêmica na graduação e na pós-graduação
Authors: Ferreira Marília Mendes , Lousada Eliane Gouvêa 
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n3p125A internacionalização crescente das universidades brasileiras impõe para a comunidade acadêmica do país novas demandas linguísticas: não somente leitura, mas também a comunicação efetiva de forma oral e escrita no discurso acadêmico em pelo menos duas línguas : a materna e a estrangeira (sobretudo o inglês). Entretanto, condições materiais para o atendimento dessas demandas são praticamente inexistentes nas instituições de ensino superior brasileiras (Ferreira, 2015). O objetivo desse artigo é expor uma ação que visa atender a uma dessas demandas impostas pela internacionalização - a socialização com a escrita acadêmica em inglês, francês e português não somente para fins de leitura e assimilação de conteúdo, mas sobretudo para a publicação nessas línguas. Essa ação é empreendida pelo Laboratório de Letramento Acadêmico da USP[1].[1] http://letramentoacademico.fflch.usp.br/
Rethinking motherhood and motherly love in Toni Morrison’s Sula and Gloria Naylor’s The Women of Brewster Place
Authors: Ribeiro Ane Caroline Faria , Santos Jose Paiva 
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2017v70n1p69Esse artigo intenciona analisar como os romances Sula, de Toni Morrison, e As mulheres de Brewster Place, escrito por Gloria Naylor, desconstroem imagens de autoridade da mulher negra, principalmente a imagem da matriarca. As personagens Eva Peace em Sula e Mattie Michael em The Women of Brewster Place, entre outras, são excelentes exemplos de mulheres negras que rejeitaram vários dos lugares e estereótipos a elas reservados na sociedade, consequentemente desconstruindo imagens de autoridade que a sociedade tem lhes imposto. Estes romances dão ênfase aos múltiplos papéis das mulheres negras na sociedade, e dessa forma abrem possibilidades para uma experiência libertadora da feminilidade negra.
Os dilemas do indefinido: utopia, fluidez e subjetividade em Stone, de Adam Roberts
Authors: Cardoso André Cabral de Almeida , Portilho Carla De Figueiredo 
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2017v70n2p107O romance Stone é a narrativa em primeira pessoa de Ae, o único criminoso em uma utopia pós-humana na qual o uso da nanotecnologia levou a humanidade à plenitude. Nessa sociedade, Ae é um excluído. Um dia, porém, ele recebe uma proposta de liberdade e riqueza em troca de matar toda a população de um planeta. Ao aceitá-la, Ae deve tentar cumprir sua missão ao mesmo tempo em que se questiona e investiga quem o teria contratado. No conflito entre esse indivíduo desviante e a utopia, Stone examina os próprios limites dessa utopia, apoiada na ideia de fluxo e indefinição, e dos modelos de subjetividade que ela cria. A noção de utopia como um projeto social bem definido é trocada pela imagem de corpos utópicos, influenciados por tecnologias que põem em questão as definições de humano e pós-humano. Nessa rede de tensões e indefinições, levanta-se a possibilidade de que o indivíduo marginalizado e sociopata seria o único capaz de examinar de forma profunda a realidade num mundo anestesiado pelo conforto.
Uma trajetória transdisciplinar: nota biobibliográfica
Authors: De Brito Evandro Oliveira , Leite Ilka Boaventura , De Azevedo Ferreira Luiza Brandes 
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8034.2016v18n1p269Esta nota biobibliográfica pretende ser uma síntese da trajetória de guerreiro Ramos, suas obras, pretende ainda trazer um pouco dos desdobramentos ocorridos a partir da influência desse importante pensador brasileiro na produção acadêmica atual. Para tanto, optou-se por abordar esta nota a partir de três eixos. No primeiro, são abordados os aspectos biográficos, trazendo de forma resumida acontecimentos significativos de sua história de vida a partir de uma linha temporal cronológica. Em seguida, faz-se um apanhado sobre a produção acadêmica de artigos, dissertações e teses, dos últimos anos, que fazem referência a Guerreiro Ramos, de maneira a trazer elementos para se pensar os desdobramentos de suas obras na atualidade. Por último, apresenta-se um levantamento dos principais livros escritos pelo autor, sobretudo tomando como parâmetro a primeira edição de cada obra.
River logjams cause frequent large-scale forest die-off events in southwestern Amazonia
Authors: Lombardo Umberto 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. This paper investigates the dynamics of logjam-induced floods and alluvial deposition in the Bolivian Amazon and the effects these have on forest disturbance and recovery cycles. It expands on previous work by Gullison et al. (1996) who reported a case of catastrophic floods triggered by logjams in the Chimane Forest in the Bolivian Amazon. No further studies have followed up on this observation and no research has been published on the effects of large wood in tropical lowland rivers. The study is based on the analysis of a time series of Landsat imagery (1984–2016) and field evidence. Results show that logjam-induced floods are a major driver of forest disturbance along the Andean piedmont in the Bolivian Amazon. New logjams form on an almost yearly basis, always further upriver, until an avulsion takes place. Logjam-induced floods are characterized here by the sudden deposition of a thick sand layer and the death of forest in a V-shaped area. The Bolivian Amazon offers a unique opportunity for further research on how large wood affects river behavior in lowland tropical settings and how large and frequent forest disturbance events resulting from river logjams affect forest biodiversity and community successions.
Temporal variations of groundwater tables and implications for submarine groundwater discharge: a 3-decade case study in central Japan
Authors: Zhang Bing , Zhang Jing , Yoshida Takafumi 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Fresh submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is the key pathway of flux and nutrients for the groundwater from land to the ocean. SGD flux is a current issue of discussion and a means to clarify the coastal marine system under climate change. SGD flux accounts for about one-quarter of the river runoff in the Katakai alluvial fan in Uozu, Toyama, Japan, which is an ideal area to study SGD flux considering the need for a rapid response to climate change and the prior research on SGD there. In this paper, the monthly groundwater table's condition over 30 years is analyzed using monthly rainfall, snowfall, and the climate change index. Rainfall has been on an upward trend, but the snowfall has decreased over 40 years. Furthermore, the groundwater table at monitoring wells in the coastal area increased, as a result of the increased rainfall. However, the relationship between snowfall and groundwater is negative. As expected by Darcy's law, SGD flux was controlled by the hydraulic gradient of the coastal groundwater. The estimated historic SGD flux by groundwater table variation shows an upward trend of SGD. Considering the increase in precipitation and the groundwater table, SGD flux may increase under climate change.
Genetic diversity in the Alpine flatworm &lt;i&gt;Crenobia alpina&lt;/i&gt;
Authors: Brändle Martin , Sauer Jan , Opgenoorth Lars , Brandl Roland 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The freshwater flatworm Crenobia alpina (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Planariidae) lives almost exclusively in cold springs and crenal streams and possesses only limited dispersal ability. In this study fragments of the COI and 18S rRNA genes were used to estimate genetic divergences among 37 C. alpina populations from the European Alps. Phylogenetic analyses revealed five geographically and genetically distinct groups and at least 10 distinct lineages of C. alpina across the European Alps. Our study suggests that C. alpina represents a complex of numerous cryptic species. Speciation (allopatric and/or sympatric) may have been facilitated by the orogenetic activity of the Alps and the high habitat specificity.