bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multidimensional analysis of the impact of Gemmatimonas, Rhodothermus, and Sutterella on drug and treatment response in colorectal cancer
Authors: Jin Shaowen , Zhong Wa , Li Bo , Wang Kaimei , Lai Dongming 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundColorectal cancer is the third most prevalent cancer across the globe. Despite a diversity of treatment methods, the recurrence and mortality rates of the disease remain high. Recent studies have revealed a close association of the gut microbiota with the occurrence, development, treatment response, and prognosis of colorectal cancer.ObjectiveThis study aims to integrate transcriptome and microbiome data to identify colorectal cancer subtypes associated with different gut microbiota and evaluate their roles in patient survival prognosis, tumor microenvironment (TME), and drug treatment response.MethodsAn integrated analysis of microbiome data was conducted on samples of colorectal cancer from public databases. Based on this, two tumor subtypes (C1 and C2) closely associated with patient survival prognosis were identified and a risk score model was constructed. The survival status, clinical parameters, immune scores, and other features were analyzed in-depth, and the sensitivity of various potential drugs was examined.ResultsA thorough examination of microbiome information obtained from colorectal cancer patients led to the identification of two primary tumor clusters (C1 and C2), exhibiting notable variations in survival outcomes. Patients with the C1 subtype were closely associated with better prognosis, while those with the C2 subtype had higher gut microbial richness and poorer survival prognosis. A predictive model utilizing the microbiome data was developed to accurately forecast the survival outcome of patients with colorectal cancer. The TME scores provided a biological basis for risk assessment in high-risk (similar to the C2 subtype) patient cohorts. Evaluation of the sensitivity of different subtypes to various potential drugs, indicated the critical importance of personalized treatment. Further analysis showed good potential of the developed risk-scoring model in predicting immune checkpoint functions and treatment response of patients, which may be crucial in guiding the selection of immunotherapy strategies for patients with colorectal cancer.ConclusionThis study, through a comprehensive analysis of colorectal cancer microbiome, immune microenvironment, and drug sensitivity, enhances the current understanding of the multidimensional interactions of colorectal cancer and provides important clinical indications for improving future treatment strategies. The findings offer a new perspective on improving treatment response and long-term prognosis of patients with CRC through the regulation of microbiota or the utilization of biomarkers provided by it.
Comparative study of immune responses and intestinal microbiota in the gut-liver axis between wild and farmed pike perch (Sander Lucioperca)
Authors: Wang Jing , Li Shaowu , Sun Zhipeng , Lu Cuiyun , Zhao Ran , Liu Tianqi , Wang Di , Zheng Xianhu 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionPike perch (Sander Lucioperca) is a predatory freshwater fish, which is highly popular amongst consumers, owing to its white flesh with a delicate structure and mild flavor. Compared to wild pike perch, the diet of farmed ones has shifted from natural food to artificial feeds. These changes would affect the gut flora of the pike perch. Endogenous metabolites of the intestinal flora are transferred through the gut-liver axis, which affects the physiological functions of the host. By studying wild and farmed individuals of the pike perch, novel insights into the stability of the intestinal flora can be provided.Methods and resultsIn this study, we measured various immune parameters in the blood, liver and intestine of wild and farmed pike perch using enzyme activity assays and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Gut microbes were also collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Our results showed that the serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were twice as high in the wild group as in the farmed group. Furthermore, the activities of glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) in the intestinal tissues of the wild group were 733.91 U/g and 375.35 U/g, which were significantly higher than those of the farmed group. Expression of IL10 in the liver of farmed pike perch was also 4-fold higher than that of wild pike perch. The expression of genes related to the p53-BAX/Bcl2 signaling pathway was higher in both intestinal and liver tissues of wild pike perch compared with farmed. 16S rRNA gene analysis of the gut microflora showed a high relative abundance of Cetobacterium in the gut of farmed pike perch.ConclusionAs a result, our study indicates that dietary differences affect the diversity, composition and relative abundance of the gut flora of the pike perch. Meanwhile, it affects the glycolipid metabolism and immunomodulation of pike perch.
Clinical features and in-hospital mortality predictors of concurrent cardio-cerebral infarction: insights from a dual-center retrospective study
Authors: Gao Weiwei , Yu Lingfeng , Jin Shouyue , Cai Lijuan , Fang Jingjing , Wang Xiaoqian , Yang Qingwei , Chen Xingyu , Ye Tao , Zhu Renjing 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to enhance the understanding of cardio-cerebral infarction (CCI) clinical features and identify key prognostic factors, thereby providing an empirical foundation for advancing prevention and treatment strategies and ultimately improving clinical outcomes for CCI patients.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 17,645 AIS and 7,584 AMI patients admitted to two hospitals from 2014 to 2023. Univariate analysis, Spearman correlation, and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify independent risk factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine optimal cutoff values.ResultsThis study enrolled 85 patients with CCI, representing an overall CCI incidence of approximately 0.34%. Males comprised 64.71% of the cohort. ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and cardiogenic cerebral infarction were the most predominant subtypes. The in-hospital mortality rate was 30.59%, with 65.38% of deaths attributed to cardiac causes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified three independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality: elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), decreased serum albumin, and increased peak N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels (NT-proBNP). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the area under the curve (AUC) for the NLR, albumin concentration and peak NT-proBNP concentration were 0.863, 0.723, and 0.824, respectively. The optimal cutoff values were 6.914 for NLR, 33.80 g/L for albumin, and 9474.50 pg/mL for peak NT-proBNP. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model reached 0.959, significantly outperforming the individual indicators.ConclusionElevated NLR, decreased serum albumin, and increased peak NT-proBNP levels independently predict in-hospital mortality in CCI patients. Combining these biomarkers enhances predictive capability for adverse outcomes.
The perpetual evidence-practice gap: addressing ongoing barriers to chronic pain management in primary care in three steps
Authors: Ashcraft Laura Ellen , Hamm Megan E. , Omowale Serwaa S. , Hruschak Valerie , Miller Elizabeth , Eack Shaun M. , Merlin Jessica S. 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundMost management of chronic pain, a serious illness affecting the physical and psychological wellbeing of millions, occurs in primary care settings. Primary care practitioners (PCPs) attempt to provide evidence-based practices to treat chronic pain. However, there continues to be a gap between the care people receive and the evidence. The objectives for this study were to (1) explore determinants of evidence-based chronic pain management and (2) develop a novel approach to using implementation science to address the evidence-practice gap.MethodA convenience sample of twenty-one Pennsylvania PCPs participated in one-time semi-structured telephone interviews. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and both deductive and inductive approaches were used during analysis. We used the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) to inform our analysis and findings.ResultsWe identified determinants of evidence-based chronic pain management across the CFIR domains of Intervention Characteristics, Characteristics of Individuals, and the Outer Setting and reported implementation strategies. Based on identified themes, we developed a three-step process to support the ongoing and pragmatic implementation of evidence-based chronic pain management in primary care settings.ConclusionsPrevious efforts exist to integrate implementation science into chronic pain management; yet a gap persists. Implementation approaches should prioritize the needs of people living with chronic pain and their families. Further, future approaches or strategies used should build on the current three-step model to include the fourth step of tailoring existing implementation strategies to the specific needs of chronic pain in the clinical context.
Prior Trichinella spiralis infection protects against Schistosoma mansoni induced hepatic fibrosis
Authors: El-kady Asmaa M. , Altwaim Sarah A. , Wakid Majed H. , Banjar Alaa S. , Mohammed Khalil , Alfaifi Mashael S. , Elshazly Hayam , Al-Megrin Wafa Abdullah I. , Alshehri Eman Abdullah , Sayed Eman , Elshabrawy Hatem A. 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundSchistosomiasis affects approximately 250 million people worldwide, with 200,000 deaths annually. It has been documented that the granulomatous response to Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) oviposition is the root cause of progressive liver fibrosis in chronic infection, in 20% of the patients, and can lead to liver cirrhosis and/or liver cancer. The influence of helminths coinfection on schistosomiasis-induced liver pathological alterations remains poorly understood. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) infection on S. mansoni-induced hepatic fibrosis.Materials and methodsThirty adult male Balb-c mice were divided into three groups. Group 1 was left uninfected; group 2 was infected with S. mansoni cercariae and group 3 was orally infected with T. spiralis larvae, then 28 days later, this group was infected with S. mansoni cercariae. All groups were sacrificed at the end of the 8th week post infection with S. mansoni to evaluate the effect of pre-infection with T. spiralis on S. mansoni induced liver fibrosis was evaluated parasitologically (worm burden and egg count in tissues), biochemically (levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase), histopathologically (H&amp;E and MT staining, and immunohistochemical staining for the expression of α-SMA, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17, IL-23, TNF-α, and TGF-β).ResultsThe results in the present study demonstrated marked protective effect of T. spiralis against S. mansoni induced liver pathology. We demonstrated that pre-infection with T. spirais caused marked reduction in the number of S. mansoni adult worms (3.17 ± 0.98 vs. 18 ± 2.16, P = 0.114) and egg count in both the intestine (207.2 ± 64.3 vs. 8,619.43 ± 727.52, P = 0.009) and liver tissues (279 ± 87.2 vs. 7,916.86 ± 771.34; P = 0.014). Consistently, we found significant reductions in both number (3.4 ± 1.1 vs. 11.8.3 ± 1.22; P = 0.007) and size (84 ± 11 vs. 294.3 ± 16.22; P = 0.001) of the hepatic granulomas in mice pre-infected with T. spiralis larvae compared to those infected with only S. mansoni. Furthermore, pre- infection with T. spiralis markedly reduced S. mansoni- induced hepatic fibrosis, as evidenced by decreased collagen deposition, low expression of α-SMA, and significantly reduced levels of IL-17, IL-1B, IL-6, TGF-B, IL-23, and TNF-α compared to mice infected with S. mansoni only.ConclusionsOur data show that pre-infection with T. spiralis effectively protected mice from severe schistosomiasis and liver fibrosis. We believe that our findings support the potential utility of helminths for the preventing and ameliorating severe pathological alterations induced by schistosomiasis.
Rational quinidine dosage regimen for atrial fibrillation in Thoroughbred racehorses based on population pharmacokinetics
Authors: Kuroda Taisuke , Minamijima Yohei , Kinman Christopher Ken , Takahashi Yuji , Ebisuda Yusaku , Inoue Kaori , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Mita Hiroshi , Tamura Norihisa , Nukada Toshio , Toutain Pierre-Louis , Ohta Minoru 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionQuinidine (QND) sulfate is an effective treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF) in horses, and several dosage regimens have been proposed to address its wide variability in response and potential adverse effects. The purpose of this study was to analyze the variability in plasma quinidine concentrations using population pharmacokinetics to determine an effective and safe dosage regimen for Thoroughbred horses.MethodsSix healthy Thoroughbred horses were treated with 20 mg/kg quinidine sulfate dihydrate (16.58 mg/kg QND base) administered PO or 5 mg/kg quinidine hydrochloride monohydrate (4.28 mg/kg QND base) administered IV (single administration), and blood samples were taken regularly. Four healthy horses were treated with 20 mg/kg quinidine sulfate dihydrate administered twice (every 6 h) via PO route. For the other 19 Thoroughbred racehorses that developed AF, blood samples were taken during quinidine therapy. Quinidine concentrations were measured in all plasma samples using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, and the data from 29 horses were modeled using a nonlinear mixed-effects model, followed by Monte Carlo simulations (MCS).ResultsThe median quinidine concentration for successful sinus rhythm conversion was 2.0 μg/mL (range: 0.5–2.7 μg/mL) in AF horses, while a median concentration of 3.8 μg/mL (range: 1.6–5.1 μg/mL) showed adverse effects. MCS predicted that plasma quinidine concentrations for quinidine sulfate dihydrate PO administration (loading dose: 30 mg/kg, maintenance dose: 6.5 mg/kg q 2 h) reached 1.4, 2.0 and 2.7 μg/mL in 90, 50 and 10% of the horse populations, respectively. Increasing the loading dose to 45 mg/kg and the maintenance dose to 9 mg/kg q 2 h, the plasma concentrations achieved were 1.9, 2.8, and 3.8 μg/mL in 90, 50, and 10% of horse populations, respectively.DiscussionUsing simulations, different empirical dosing regimens were proposed to achieve plasma quinidine concentrations immediately or progressively, representing a tradeoff between optimizing therapeutic effects and minimizing adverse effects. A combination of these dosing regimens is recommended to gradually increase the therapeutic concentration levels of quinidine for safe and effective treatment of AF in racehorses.
First Report of Dalbulus maidis (DeLong and Wolcott) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Oklahoma
Authors: Faris Ashleigh M. , Rodrigues Duffeck Maira , Olson Jennifer D. , Espindola Andres S. , Muller Luana , Velasco Sebastian E. , Zambiasi João Murilo 
Published: October 2024

The corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (DeLong and Wolcott) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), is an invasive insect that can cause damage to maize (Zea mays L.) in two ways: by direct feeding and the transmission of several plant pathogens. Dalbulus maidis is an invasive and serious economic pest of maize that has spread from its center of origin in Mexico to the southernmost parts of the United States. Prior to 2024, corn leafhoppers had not been documented in Oklahoma, and their spread northward toward the United States corn belt is of significant concern. Here, we provide the first reports of the insect in maize in several Oklahoma counties. Insect specimens were collected at various commercial and experimental field sites by Oklahoma State University research and extension personnel. The identity of the insect species was validated through morphological and molecular taxonomy. The presence records for the corn leafhopper presented here provide valuable information for future monitoring and management efforts of this economically important pest and disease.
High Post-Kidney Transplant Serum Uric Acid Levels Are Associated with Detrimental Outcomes
Authors: Djamali Kian , Yuan Zhongyu , Astor Brad C. , Swanson Kurtis , Mandelbrot Didier , Parajuli Sandesh 
Published: October 2024

Key Points

Post-transplant increased serum uric acid levels are associated with congestive heart failure and graft failure for kidney transplant recipients.kidney transplant recipients age 60 years and older with high serum uric acid are at increased risk for congestive heart failure and death.Increased serum uric acid are significantly associated with death for female kidney transplant recipients.

Background
The potential effects of post-transplant serum uric acid (SUA) levels and outcomes pose a variety of risks among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). The association between post-transplant SUA and major detrimental outcomes among KTRs remains uncertain.

Methods
We evaluated all adult KTRs transplanted between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2019. Recipients were included if they had a functioning allograft without any cardiovascular events (CVEs) before their earliest SUA measurement within 5–13 months post-transplant. Survival analyses were performed regarding CVEs, CVE-related mortality, death-censored graft failure, and uncensored graft failure within 10 years after transplantation.

Results
A total of 3808 eligible KTRs were followed for a median of 7.5 years after transplantation. Recipients with post-transplant SUA >6.8 mg/dl had significantly higher risk of congestive heart failure than those with SUA <6 mg/dl (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10 to 2.19; P = 0.01), uncensored graft failure (aHR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.36; P = 0.03), and death-censored graft failure (aHR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.61; P = 0.04), after adjustment for multiple variables, including kidney graft function. No statistically significant association was found between SUA levels and other CVEs. There was no statistically significant risk for other outcomes of interest when comparing SUA <6 mg/dl versus 6–6.8 mg/dl.

Conclusions
Elevated early post-transplant SUA levels were associated with detrimental post-transplant outcomes, leading to increased morbidity and mortality through congestive heart failure, graft failure, and overall death.
Unleashing Creativity Through Paidia: Free Play in Learning and Work
Authors: Quesnel Jacinto 
Published: October 2024

This paper explores the transformative potential of paidia—unstructured and spontaneous play—in enhancing creativity and learning outcomes in educational and professional settings. Drawing from Roger Caillois's theoretical distinctions between paidia (free play) and ludus (structured play), this study advocates for the integration of paidia to foster environments conducive to innovative thinking and creative expression. Central to our discussion is the critique of the 'tyranny of software', a concept inspired by Lev Manovich, which posits that despite the utility of digital tools, they often confine creative expression within pre-established boundaries, thus stifling genuine innovation. The research methodologically analyzes how paidia, as a pedagogical approach, facilitates a more liberated form of interaction with technology, thereby rehumanizing the digital learning experience. It contrasts traditional game-based methodologies that prioritize rule-based learning with the dynamic, rule-free nature of paidia, presenting empirical evidence from various educational settings where the integration of paidia has notably enhanced creativity. This exploration contributes to the broader discourse on the effectiveness of game-based learning by providing a nuanced understanding of how unstructured play can be systematically integrated into educational and professional domains to foster a culture of innovation and creativity.
[ai] Explore!: An Educational Game for Developing Programming Skills and Algorithmic Thinking
Authors: Mikulić Crnković Vedrana , Crnković Bojan , Traunkar Ivona , Holenko Dlab Martina 
Published: October 2024

The game [ai] explore! was developed to introduce the algorithm behind the popular science exhibition. The idea behind the [ai] explore! exhibition was to show the application of mathematics and computer science in solving real engineering problems by creating the exhibit using the mathematical algorithm Heat Equation Driven Area Coverage (HEDAC). The algorithm is based on scientific research and has many applications: exploration and search in unknown space, painting, planning agricultural spraying, scanning 3D objects, etc. The exhibits show the process by which the algorithm paints objects with a virtual brush and explores their shape. By surveying the high school students, it was shown that new mathematical and engineering results can be explained and turned into a playable game. After playing the game, students respond positively to the game presented and state that they have a good understanding of the HEDAC algorithm presented and how it works. This motivated us to investigate [ai] explore! as an educational game for teaching mathematics and computer science. The aim of the research described in this paper is to investigate the potential of the developed game as an educational game. The game-based learning (GBL) approach is increasingly used to increase student motivation and engagement in STEM lessons. The main research question is: How do primary school teachers and students perceive the usefulness of the game [ai] explore! in supporting teaching and learning of computer science concepts? We have developed and implemented teaching scenarios on how the game [ai] explore! can be used as an educational game in computer science lessons. We show that the game has great potential to teach primary school students programming. In addition, the game promotes algorithmic thinking and computational thinking skills in general, which are valuable not only in computer science but also in other fields such as mathematics, where a systematic and analytical approach to problem-solving is required.
Comparison of two Different Game Mechanics Applied to Learning of Electromagnetism
Authors: Janiga Ladislav , Haverlíková Viera 
Published: October 2024

The paper presents two educational escape games, Tournament of J. C. Maxwell and Chest of Lord Maxwell, which were designed with the same topic and educational goal in mind: to consolidate and deepen knowledge about magnetism and electromagnetism, and to develop communication skills, teamwork skills, problem solving skills, experimental skills and analytical thinking. Both games were used in the teaching of electromagnetism in an upper secondary school. Data were collected through observation of the game process, administration of questionnaires to students and teachers, and interviews with students. The aim of this research is to compare two different game mechanics used to address the same subject matter and educational objective. The comparison will focus on the perception of the games by the students and the teachers who have incorporated the game into their teaching.