bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resistance Band Exercises Reduce Depression and Behavioral Problems of Wheelchair‐Bound Older Adults with Dementia: A Cluster‐Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Kuei‐Min , Kuo Chang‐Chih , Chang Ya‐Hui , Huang Hsin‐Ting , Cheng Yin‐Yin 
Published: November 2016

ObjectivesTo test the effects of a 15‐month wheelchair‐bound resistance band exercise program on depression and behavioral problems of wheelchair‐bound older adults with dementia.DesignSingle‐blind, cluster‐randomized controlled trial with repeated measures.SettingEight nursing homes in southern Taiwan.ParticipantsWheelchair‐bound nursing home older adults with dementia who participated voluntarily (N = 150) were cluster‐randomized to two groups (experimental or control group); 127 completed the study (experimental: four nursing homes, n = 65; control: four nursing homes, n = 62).InterventionThe resistance band exercises were conducted three times per week in 40‐minute sessions in the following two sequences: volunteer‐led sessions for the first 6 months (Stage I) followed by DVD‐guided sessions for the next 9 months (Stage II).MeasurementsDepression, as measured using the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, and behavioral problems, as measured using the Clifton Assessment Procedures for the Elderly—Behavior Rating Scale, of participants were observed at six time points at 3‐month intervals: pretest, two posttests at Stage I, and three posttests at Stage II.ResultsBy the sixth month of the study, experimental group participants were significantly less depressed and had fewer behavioral problems than control group participants (all P < .05). These small but statistically significant differences persisted throughout the 9 months of the DVD‐guided sessions (all P < .05).ConclusionVolunteer‐led sessions followed by DVD‐guided sessions of resistance band exercise is effective and practical in institutional settings.
A Simple Technique for Placing Extraoral Implants at an Optimal Position in Orbital Defects
Authors: Visser Anita , Vechiato Filho Aljomar José , Raghoebar Gerry M. , Brandão Thais Bianca 
Published: November 2016

AbstractTranslucent acrylic templates have been used to indicate implant positions for implant‐retained extraoral prostheses; however, this procedure can be challenging, as the acrylic templates have to be positioned onto reflected skin flaps. The fabrication of an acrylic‐based colorless template or duplicating an existing prosthesis can facilitate the location of extraoral implants. Spots can be created on templates to indicate the optimal position of the implants. Afterward, punching the skin to the bone with a very thick sharp needle or a small sharp bur will mark the desired implant position on the bone before reflecting the skin.
School start time and sleep in Canadian adolescents
Authors: Gariépy Geneviève , Janssen Ian , Sentenac Mariane , Elgar Frank J. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryInsufficient sleep is a serious problem in adolescents and school start time is thought to be a key contributor. This study provided the first comprehensive assessment of school start times across Canada and examined whether school start times were associated with sleep duration and tiredness among adolescents. We collected information on school start times from 362 schools that participated in the 2013/2014 Health Behaviour in School‐aged Children study. We calculated sleep duration from weekday bedtime and wake time reported by 29 635 students (aged 10–18 years). We classified weekday sleep as sufficient if it met national recommendations, and used data on self‐reported tiredness at school in the morning. Random‐effects regression models estimated the association of school start time with sleep duration, sleep sufficiency and tiredness. On average, schools started at 08:43 hours. Students slept an average of 8:36 h on weekdays and 69% met sleep duration recommendations, but 60% reported feeling tired in the morning. Every 10‐min delay in school start time corresponded with 3.2 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.0, 4.5] additional minutes of sleep, a 1.6% (95% CI: 0.5, 2.8) greater probability of sufficient sleep and a 2.1% (95% CI: 1.0, 3.2) smaller probability of feeling tired at school in the morning. Students from schools that started later slept longer, were more likely to meet sleep recommendations and were less likely to report feeling tired in the morning. The study adds weight to the mounting evidence that delaying school start time benefits adolescent sleep.
FUSCA3 interacting with LEAFY COTYLEDON2 controls lateral root formation through regulating YUCCA4 gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Tang Li Ping , Zhou Chao , Wang Shan Shan , Yuan Jia , Zhang Xian Sheng , Su Ying Hua 
Published: November 2016

Summary

Lateral root (LR) development is a post‐embryonic organogenesis event that gives rise to most of the underground parts of higher plants. Auxin promotes LR formation, but the molecular mechanisms involved in this process are still not well understood.

We analyzed LR formation induced by FUSCA3 (FUS3), a B3 domain transcription factor, which may function by promoting auxin biosynthesis during this process. We identified FUS3‐interacting proteins that function in LR formation. In addition, we searched for the common targets of both FUS3 and its interacting protein. The role of their interactions in regulating auxin accumulation and LR initiation was examined.

We identified LEAFY COTYLEDON2 (LEC2) as an interacting factor of FUS3, and demonstrated that these two homologous B3 transcription factors interact to bind to the auxin biosynthesis gene YUCCA4 (YUC4) and synergistically activate its transcription during LR formation. Furthermore, FUS3 expression is activated by LEC2 in LR initiation.

The observations indicate that the FUS3–LEC2 complex functions as a key regulator in auxin‐regulated LR formation. The results of this study provide new information for understanding the mechanisms of LR regulation.
Benefits from living together? Clades whose species use similar habitats may persist as a result of eco‐evolutionary feedbacks
Authors: Prinzing Andreas , Ozinga Wim A. , Brändle Martin , Courty Pierre‐Emmanuel , Hennion Françoise , Labandeira Conrad , Parisod Christian , Pihain Mickael , Bartish Igor V. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryRecent decades have seen declines of entire plant clades while other clades persist despite changing environments. We suggest that one reason why some clades persist is that species within these clades use similar habitats, because such similarity may increase the degree of co‐occurrence of species within clades. Traditionally, co‐occurrence among clade members has been suggested to be disadvantageous because of increased competition and enemy pressure. Here, we hypothesize that increased co‐occurrence among clade members promotes mutualist exchange, niche expansion or hybridization, thereby helping species avoid population decline from environmental change. We review the literature and analyse published data for hundreds of plant clades (genera) within a well‐studied region and find major differences in the degree to which species within clades occupy similar habitats. We tentatively show that, in clades for which species occupy similar habitats, species tend to exhibit increased co‐occurrence, mutualism, niche expansion, and hybridization – and rarely decline. Consistently, throughout the geological past, clades whose species occupied similar habitats often persisted through long time‐spans. Overall, for many plant species, the occupation of similar habitats among fellow clade members apparently reduced their vulnerability to environmental change. Future research should identify when and how this previously unrecognized eco‐evolutionary feedback operates.

Contents

Summary
66

I.
Entire clades decline while others persist; we suggest this might reflect an eco‐evolutionary feedback between habitat similarity among clade members, their co‐occurrence, and their reduced vulnerability to environmental change
67

II.
Definitions, and methods used to infer tentative evidence from published results
68

III.
The interface between variation in habitat use within clades and the assembly of local communities: clade members occupying similar habitats tend to locally co‐occur
69

IV.
The mainstream hypotheses in community ecology imply that co‐occurrence with fellow clade members is detrimental, but the evidence is equivocal
70

V.
We suggest that co‐occurrence with fellow clade members is often beneficial and we present evidence
73

VI.
There is tentative evidence for an eco‐evolutionary feedback between habitat similarity among clade members, their co‐occurrence, and their reduced vulnerability to environmental change
75

VII.
Conclusions and future directions
77

Acknowledgements
78

References
78
Effects of labial adhesion on maxillary arch dimensions and nasolabial esthetics in cleft lip and palate: a systematic review
Authors: Thierens LAM , Brusselaers N , De Roo NMC , De Pauw GAM 
Published: November 2016

Labial adhesion is a preliminary surgical lip approximation used in the early management of unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate. Our objective was to evaluate its effects on the maxillary arch dimensions and nasolabial esthetics by means of a systematic review. The literature search (1955–2016) was based on MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Studies with labial adhesion as a single preliminary step for definitive lip closure, in combination with nasoalveolar molding or in combination with infant orthopedics were considered eligible. Fifteen articles were identified (1978–2015), including 587 patients who underwent labial adhesion. Reduction in alveolar cleft width was between 60.9% and 100% in unilateral cases and between 47.5% and 100% in bilateral cases. Reduction in palatal cleft width was between 28.4% and 59.8% in unilateral cases and between 37.5% and 50.5% in bilateral cases. No conclusive results could be drawn about the effect on nasolabial esthetics. This systematic review comprises the available literature of the last 50 years about labial adhesion. It showed reduction of alveolar and palatal cleft width after a treatment with labial adhesion with or without infant orthopedics. The treatment effect on nasolabial esthetics, especially in the long term, remains unclear.
Bacteremia induced by Bifidobacterium breve in a newborn with cloacal exstrophy
Authors: Sato Shinichi , Uchida Toshihiko , Kuwana Shota , Sasaki Kazuto , Watanabe Tatsuya , Saito Junko , Kawaji Takahiro 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBifidobacterium breve is an effective probiotic agent used in the field of neonatology. Although B. breve has been considered safe, a case of B. breve bacteremia has been reported. The pathogenic mechanism underlying the bacteremia is unknown. Herein, we report a second case of B. breve bacteremia that developed in a neonate with multiple abdominal organ anomalies. Following surgical repair immediately after birth, B. breve treatment was started. After 1 week, the infant developed B. breve bacteremia following the onset of adhesive ileus. The bacteremia was thought to have been associated with an intestinal obstruction. A pediatric culture bottle is theoretically unsuitable for incubating B. breve because B. breve is an obligate anaerobic bacterium. It was, however, cultured from pediatric culture bottles in the present case, suggesting that pediatric culture bottles may be useful for procuring B. breve and for determining antimicrobial susceptibility for screening purposes in neonatal patients.
Crystalline nephropathy caused by tosufloxacin
Authors: Matsubara Risa , Kibe Tetsuya , Nomura Takemasa 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA 14‐year‐old girl was treated for 3 days with tosufloxacin (450 mg twice a day) for acute bronchitis and then developed acute kidney injury. Renal ultrasound showed enlarged kidneys without hydronephrosis. Urinalysis indicated drug crystal casts (2–3/HPF), consistent with drug‐induced crystalline nephropathy. The patient recovered gradually with i.v. hydration and discontinuation of tosufloxacin, leading to the diagnosis of tosufloxacin crystalline nephropathy. Medical practitioners should be aware that crystalline nephropathy can occur in pediatric patients receiving tosufloxacin.
Beneficial effect of extracellular adenosine 5′‐triphosphate treatment on the Indochinese leopard (Panthera pardus delacouri) sperm quality after cryopreservation
Authors: Thuwanut P , Tipkantha W , Siriaroonrat B , Comizzoli P , Chatdarong K 
Published: November 2016

ContentsThe Indochinese leopard (Panthera pardus delacouri) population, included inCITESAppendix I, has been declining for decades. Proper gamete preservation condition is critical for breeding programme management using artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization (IVF). The present study aimed at investigating the impact of post‐thawing treatment of leopard semen with extracellular adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATPe) on sperm quality (including morphological traits and ability to fertilize an oocyte). Semen from six adult male leopards was collected by electroejaculation (one ejaculation per cat). After the evaluation of the fresh sample quality, the semen was cryopreserved (10 × 106cells per straw; two straws per cat). After thawing, the sperm sample from the first straw of each cat was divided into three aliquots: control (noATPe), supplemented with 1.0 or 2.5mM ATPe that were evaluated for sperm quality at 10, 30 min and 3 hr post‐thawing. The sperm sample from the second straw, supplemented with 0, 1.0 or 2.5mM ATPe for 30 min, was assessed forIVFwith domestic cat oocytes. Sperm quality (all metrics) was negatively affected by the cryopreservation process (p ≤ .05). However, the percentage of sperm motility, level of progressive motility and percentage of plasma membrane integrity did not differ (p > .05) among post‐thawing groups. The sperm mitochondrial membrane potential was enhanced (p ≤ .05) byATPe treatment (1.0 and 2.5mM; 10 min to 3 hr of incubation). Furthermore, incubation ofATPe (1.0 and 2.5mM) for 30 min could promote sperm velocity patterns (curvilinear velocity;VCLand straight line velocity;VSL) (p ≤ .05). The percentage of pronuclear formation and cleaved embryos was increased (p ≤ .05) after 1.0ATPe treatment (49.8 ± 2.8; 45.9 ± 1.5) compared to 0mM(41.4 ± 3.3; 38.9 ± 0.5) whereas the number of sperm binding/oocyte did not significantly differ among groups. In summary, we suggest thatATPe activated the velocity of Indochinese leopard sperm motility that may lead to faster sperm/oocyte binding and sperm penetration (factors of successful embryo development).
Potential effect of ezetimibe against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in type II diabetes
Authors: Tsai I‐Fang , Kuo Chiu‐Ping , Lin Andrew B. , Chien Ming‐Nan , Ho Hsin‐Tsung , Wei Tsai‐Yin , Wu Chien‐Liang , Lu Yen‐Ta 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveTuberculosis (TB) risk might be increased in patients with diabetes by factors other than hyperglycaemia, such as dyslipidaemia. Host lipids are essential energy sources used by mycobacteria to persist in a latent TB state. A potential therapy targeting cholesterol catabolism of mycobacteria has been proposed, but the potential of cholesterol‐lowering drugs as anti‐TB therapy is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of ezetimibe, a 2‐azetidinone cholesterol absorption inhibitor, on intracellular mycobacteria survival and dormancy.MethodsIntracellular mycobacteria survival was determined by measurements of ATP activity and colony‐formation units (CFUs). Gene expression profiles of hypoxia‐induced dormant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) were analysed by real‐time PCR. Flow cytometry and microscopy analysis were used to measure the lipid loads of human macrophages with or without ezetimibe treatment. QuantiFERON‐TB Gold In‐Tube (QFT‐G‐IT) assays were performed to diagnose latent TB infection. The levels of intracellular cholesterol/ triglyceride were measured by an enzymatic fluorometric method.ResultsEzetimibe was capable of effectively lowering intracellular growth of Mtb and hypoxia‐induced dormant Mtb. There was a significant decrease in Mtb growth in leucocytes from ezetimibe‐treated patients with diabetes in terms of ATP levels of intracellular mycobacteria and CFU formation. Also, patients receiving ezetimibe therapy had a lower prevalence of latent TB and had lower intracellular lipid contents.ConclusionEzetimibe, which is a currently marketed drug, could hold promise as an adjunctive, host‐directed therapy for TB.
Phylotranscriptomics resolves ancient divergences in the Lepidoptera
Authors: BAZINET ADAM L. , MITTER KIM T. , DAVIS DONALD R. , VAN NIEUKERKEN ERIK J. , CUMMINGS MICHAEL P. , MITTER CHARLES 
Published: November 2016

AbstractClassic morphological studies of the oldest, so‐called nonditrysian lineages of Lepidoptera yielded a well‐resolved phylogeny, supported by the stepwise origin of the traits characterizing the clade Ditrysia, which contains over 98% of extant lepidopterans. Subsequent polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based molecular studies have robustly supported many aspects of the morphological hypothesis and strongly contradicted others, while leaving some relationships unsettled. Here we bring the greatly expanded gene sampling of RNA‐Seq to bear on nonditrysian phylogeny, especially those aspects that were not conclusively resolved by the combination of morphology and previous PCR‐based multi‐gene studies. We analysed up to 2212 genes in each of 28 species representing all 12 superfamilies and 15 of 21 families of nonditrysians, plus trichopteran outgroups and representative Ditrysia. Our maximum likelihood phylogeny estimates used both nonsynonymous changes only (degen1 coding) and all nucleotides (nt123) partitioned by codon position, recovering a novel hypothesis for early glossatan relationships that is the most strongly supported to date. We find strong support for Micropterigidae alone as the sister group to all other Lepidoptera, in agreement with morphology and early molecular evidence, but in contrast to recent PCR‐based studies. Also very strongly supported are the previously recognized clades Angiospermivora, Heteroneura, Eulepidoptera and Euheteroneura. Finally, we find strong support for paraphyly of the southern hemisphere family Palaephatidae, with the South American genus Palaephatus Butler forming the previously undetermined sister group to Ditrysia. The remaining palaephatids, Australian and South American, form the sister group to Tischeriidae.
Drought‐related secondary metabolites of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves and their metabolomic quantitative trait loci
Authors: Piasecka Anna , Sawikowska Aneta , Kuczyńska Anetta , Ogrodowicz Piotr , Mikołajczak Krzysztof , Krystkowiak Karolina , Gudyś Kornelia , Guzy‐Wróbelska Justyna , Krajewski Paweł , Kachlicki Piotr 
Published: November 2016

SummaryDetermining the role of plant secondary metabolites in stress conditions is problematic due to the diversity of their structures and the complexity of their interdependence with different biological pathways. Correlation of metabolomic data with the genetic background provides essential information about the features of metabolites. LC‐MS analysis of leaf metabolites from 100 barley recombinant inbred lines (RILs) revealed that 98 traits among 135 detected phenolic and terpenoid compounds significantly changed their level as a result of drought stress. Metabolites with similar patterns of change were grouped in modules, revealing differences among RILs and parental varieties at early and late stages of drought. The most significant changes in stress were observed for ferulic and sinapic acid derivatives as well as acylated glycosides of flavones. The tendency to accumulate methylated compounds was a major phenomenon in this set of samples. In addition, the polyamine derivatives hordatines as well as terpenoid blumenol C derivatives were observed to be drought related. The correlation of drought‐related compounds with molecular marker polymorphisms resulted in the definition of metabolomic quantitative trait loci in the genomic regions of single‐nucleotide polymorphism 3101‐111 and simple sequence repeat Bmag0692 with multiple linkages to metabolites. The associations pointed to genes related to the defence response and response to cold, heat and oxidative stress, but not to genes related to biosynthesis of the compounds. We postulate that the significant metabolites have a role as antioxidants, regulators of gene expression and modulators of protein function in barley during drought.
Patterns of gene expression in developing embryos of Arabidopsis hybrids
Authors: Alonso‐Peral Maria M. , Trigueros Marina , Sherman Bjorg , Ying Hua , Taylor Jennifer M. , Peacock William J. , Dennis Elizabeth S. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryHybrids between the Arabidopsis ecotypes C24 and Ler have high levels of hybrid vigour, or heterosis, in both biomass and seed yield. Heterosis can be detected throughout the development of the plant and in different tissues. We examined developing embryos and seeds of C24/Ler reciprocal hybrids with the aim of detecting the earliest time at which heterotic gene activity occurs. In the transcriptomes of 4‐dap (days after pollination; dermatogen to globular) and 6‐dap (heart) embryos from both parents and hybrids, 95% of expressed genes were at the mid parent value (MPV) and 95% of the genes with single nucleotide polymorphisms between C24 and Ler retained the same relative allelic expression levels in the hybrids as existed in the parents. This included loci that had equivalent levels of transcription in the two parents, together with loci which had different levels of expression in the parents. Amongst the genes which did not have MPV expression levels in the hybrids (non‐additively expressed genes), approximately 40 in the globular embryo stage and 89 in the heart embryo stage had altered levels of transcription in both reciprocal hybrids; these genes could contribute to the heterotic phenotype of the hybrid embryo. Many of the non‐additively expressed genes had expression levels that were shifted towards maternal levels of transcription, and these differed in the reciprocal hybrids. Allelic expression analysis indicated that most genes with altered allelic contributions in the hybrids had an increase in the expression level of the hybrid's maternal allele. Consistent with the maternal pattern of gene expression, embryo and seed also show maternally influenced phenotypes.