bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiological Analysis of Gut Flora and Determination of AntibioticResistance from White Storks (Ciconia Ciconia) Resting Area during Migration in Türkiye
Authors: Uslu Ali , Toslak Emine Eda , Denizli Oguzhan , Balevi Asli , Sayin Zafer , Erganis Osman 
Published: September 2024

Aim:	As	reservoir	hosts,	migratory	birds	can	spread	viral,	bacterial,	and parasitic	diseases	between	continents.	White	storks'	(Ciconia Ciconia) flora	bacteria	are	expected	to	be	sensitive	to	antibiotics.	This	study	aimed to	determine	which	pathogens	were	found	in	the	fecal	samples	of	storks, characterize	the	bacteria	that	are	dominant	in	the	gut	flora,	and	determine antibiotic	resistance	during	migration. Materials and Methods:	Stork’s	feces	(n=101)	were	collected	in	March 2022,	Konya,	Turkiye	(37°52′22″N	32°29′32″E)	which	is	on	the	migration route.	Samples	were	cultured	bacteriologically	for	the	identify	mesophilic bacteria	Gram-negative	(Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Enterobacter spp. and	Campylobacter spp.).	Classical	microbiological	methods,	Gram	staining, and	biochemical	tests	were	performed.	Isolates	were	confirmed	by	VITEK	2 and	polymerase	chain	reaction	(PCR). Results: : Escherichia coli	(n=101),	Enterobacter cloacae	(n=10),	Hafnia alvei	(n=3),	Campylobacter jejuni (n=1)	and Salmonella Virginia (n=1)	were identified.	Some	E. coli	isolates	32	(31.68%)	were	multidrug-resistant (MDR)	and	2	(1.98%)	isolates	were	extensively	drug-resistant	(XDR),	and	33 (32.67%)	isolates	were	determined	to	be	phenotypically	Extended	Spectrum β-Lactamase	(ESBL)	positive	also	some	E. coli	strains	5	(4.95%)	were identified	as	avian	pathogenic	E. coli	(APEC).	S. Virginia isolate	was	found	to be	resistant	only	to	ampicillin	and	amoxicillin/clavulanate. Conclusion:	According	to	the	results	of	this	study,	antibiotic	resistance	in	gut flora	of	white	storks	is	a	severe	condition.	These	birds	shed	pathogens	in	their feces	that	can	contaminate	poultry	and	dairy	farms	in	the	migration	route. This	situation	indicates	the	pollution	caused	by	people's	unconscious	drug use	effect	on	wild	animals
The Protective Effects of Nigella Sativa on the Antioxidant System and Certain Cytokine Levels in Rats Exposed to Experimental Acrylamide
Authors: Ozsan Mehmet , Kececi Tufan 
Published: September 2024

Aim:	The	objective	of	this	research	was	to	examine	the	potential	safeguarding properties	of	Nigella sativa (N. sativa)	against	the	genotoxic,	carcinogenic,	and neurotoxic	effects	of	acrylamide.	N. sativa	is	known	for	its	strong	antioxidant and	anti-inflammatory	characteristics	which	can	counteract	the	detrimental impact	of	environmental	toxins.	The	research	investigated	the	influence	of N. sativa	on	the	antioxidant	system	and	pro-inflammatory	cytokines,	and explored	its	therapeutic	potential	in	rats	exposed	to	acrylamide,	a	substance known	for	its	harmful	effects	on	various	systems. Materials and Methods:	Thirty-two	healthy	adult	male	rats	were	used and	allocated	into	four	separate	groups:	control,	acrylamide, N. sativa,	and acrylamide	+	N. sativa	groups.	Acrylamide	(40	mg/kg/day)	and	N. sativa oil	(10	mg/kg/day)	were	given	orally	for	15	days.	IL-1,	IL-6,	IL-10,	SOD, glutathione,	malondialdehyde,	and	TNF-α	levels	were	analyzed. Results:	The	acrylamide	group	exhibited	a	significant	increase	in	MDA	levels in	comparison	to	the	other	groups,	indicating	oxidative	stress	(P	<	0.05). Moreover,	GSH	and	SOD	levels	were	appreciably	lower	in	the	acrylamide group	(P	<	0.05).	Conversely,	the	experimental	group	treated	with	N.	sativa displayed	reduced	MDA	levels	(by	approximately	30%)	and	improved	GSH and	SOD	levels	compared	to	the	acrylamide	group,	suggesting	a	significant protective	effect	against	acrylamide	toxicity	(P	<	0.05).	The	acrylamide group	showed	significantly	increased	levels	of	pro-inflammatory	cytokines, including	TNF-α,	IL-6,	and	IL-1,	along	with	a	notable	decrease	in	the	anti inflammatory	cytokine	IL-10	(P	<	0.05).	Conversely,	in	the	group	treated	with N. sativa,	there	was	a	significant	reduction	in	the	concentrations	of	TNF-α, IL-6	and	IL-1	(P	<	0.05),	indicating	the	anti-inflammatory	effects	of	N. sativa. Conclusion:	The	study	results	suggest	that	N. sativa	can	alleviate	acrylamide induced	oxidative	stress	and	inflammation.	It	seemed	that	N. sativa significiantly	improved	the	increase	of	MDA	levels	altered	by	ACR	and increase	antioxidant	levels,	and	partially	attenuate	the	changes	in	L-1	levels induced	by	ACR.	These	findings	indicate	that	N. sativa	suggests	potential benefits	in	alleviating	the	adverse	impacts	of	acrylamide
Marco jurídico aplicable a personas diagnosticadas con esclerosis lateral amiotrófica en Colombia
Authors: Angarita Mendoza Luis Felipe , Ardila Cáceres Juan José , Carvajal Lozada Emely Catalina , Rincón Ardila Luisa Fernanda 
Published: September 2024

La Esclerosis Lateral Amiotrófica (ELA) es una enfermedad crónica que ataca de manera progresiva al sistema nervioso, afectando las neuronas motoras en el cerebro y en la médula espinal, generando pérdida del control muscular. Dicha patología se clasifica como huérfana por su baja prevalencia en la población y alta tasa de mortalidad; dado el estado de vulnerabilidad en el que se encuentran los pacientes, debido a la ausencia de equipos multidisciplinarios con la capacidad de brindar una prestación eficaz en salud. No obstante, actualmente en Colombia, no existe normativa especializada que la contemple; así como estudios epidemiológicos que permitan determinar el número de pacientes diagnosticados con ELA.
El presente artículo tiene por objeto describir el marco jurídico aplicable a pacientes diagnosticados con ELA; a través de un diseño cualitativo, de alcance jurídico-descriptivo. Como resultado, se identificó la Ley 1751 de 2015, la cual, contempla mecanismos garantes del acceso a la salud de personas que padecen alguna enfermedad huérfana; sin embargo, los resultados evidencian que las solicitudes de tratamientos a las Entidades Promotoras de Salud (EPS) e Instituciones Prestadoras de Salud (IPS) son dilatadas injustificadamente y no son atendidas oportunamente. Se concluye que, a pesar del fundamento constitucional de los artículos 47 y 49 como garantes de la prestación de la salud como un derecho, las leyes 1392 de 2010 y 1438 de 2011; no existe una normativa especializada orientada a establecer garantías y procedimientos de calidad para el acceso efectivo a la salud de las personas diagnosticadas con ELA.
Efecto del tipo de empaque y ácidos orgánicos en la calidad del zapallo (Cucurbita moschata Duch. Ex Poir) mínimamente procesado durante el almacenamiento
Authors: Cuevas Mena Julián Felipe , Andrade Mahecha Margarita María , Ordóñez Santos Luis Eduardo 
Published: September 2024

La comercialización del zapallo (Cucurbita moschata Duch. Ex Poir.) en los mercados minoristas es limitado debido a su gran tamaño. Las inadecuadas prácticas de manipulación y el alto contenido de humedad aceleran su deterioro. El procesamiento mínimo es una alternativa que permite obtener un alimento inocuo con características similares al producto fresco. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la influencia de tres tipos de empaque y la aplicación de una solución de ácidos orgánicos sobre la calidad de zapallo mínimamente procesado almacenado a 6.0 ± 2 °C. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se estimó la estabilidad del producto usando el índice de estabilidad global (IEG). Los resultados indicaron que el zapallo mínimamente procesado obtenido es apto para el consumo a los nueve días de almacenamiento. La aplicación de ácidos orgánicos disminuyó el crecimiento de mesófilos aerobios, pero favoreció el de mohos y levaduras. El empaque en bandeja de poliestireno expandido (PSE) y película de policloruro de vinilo (PVC) presentaron la mayor pérdida de peso (8 %), sin embargo, conservaron valores de luminosidad y croma próximos a los del alimento fresco. El empaque PSE y PVC, sin la aplicación de ácidos orgánicos, alcanzó un IEG de 0.60 a los nueve días de almacenamiento. El IEG del zapallo mínimamente procesado almacenado durante nueve días a 6.0 ± 2 °C se ajustó a una cinética de segundo orden con un alto coeficiente de regresión (R2 > 0.98).
Diversidad y estructura arbórea en un gradiente altitudinal de la Cuenca del Yaque, República Dominicana
Authors: Navarrete Espinoza Eduardo , Núñez José Antonio , Milla Araneda Fabián Raúl , Peña Graviel 
Published: September 2024

República Dominicana posee una importante superficie de bosques de montaña, cuyas comunidades se encuentran altamente amenazadas, estando, además, entre los ecosistemas tropicales menos estudiados con respecto a los factores que determinan su estructura y composición de especies. Por esto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la gradiente altitudinal sobre la diversidad y estructura arbórea del bosque latifoliado de la Cuenca Alta del Yaque del Norte. Se analizaron unidades muestrales en tres rangos altitudinales (RA), comparando sus índices de iversidad y estructura. Se registraron 2800 individuos pertenecientes a 34 familias, 53 géneros y 59 especies. La distribución diamétrica de los individuos presentó un arreglo de “J invertida” para los tres rangos altitudinales. Se obtuvieron diferencias en diversidad para los rangos altitudinales, presentando el RA1 el menor valor en dominancia y mayores valores en equidad, riqueza y diversidad, seguidos por el RA3 y RA2 respectivamente, aunque dichas diferencias no manifestaron significancia estadística. La Cuenca Alta del Yaque del Norte presentó valores de riqueza menores que otros bosques tropicales, explicado principalmente por las acciones antrópicas. Las variables de estructura del bosque no manifestaron relación con la gradiente altitudinal, obteniendo una distribución cuya tendencia reflejaría la característica sucesional del bosque. Los índices de diversidad no presentaron relación con la altitud, lo cual se explicaría debido a la heterogeneidad ambiental del área en estudio.
Diverging approaches to converging policy: Faculty views and narratives of internationalisation of doctoral programmes of education
Authors: Ternai Nazgul , Csereklye Erzsébet , Győri János Gordon 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study aims to examine the organisational change within the framework of internationalisation in doctoral programmes of educational studies (DPEd) in the Hungarian context. The literature on internationalisation overwhelmingly projects the perspectives of international students, whereas the experiences of faculty and staff are missing from the overall picture. We seek to mediate this gap by scrutinising the experiences of educational professionals. The transitioning condition of the nationally shaped educational field is under the strong imperative to internationalise pursuing an interrelated set of objectives. The study's theoretical framework is built on the interlinked conceptual grounds of the internationalisation of doctoral programmes and the policy implementation in educational studies including teacher education. Dialectic theory as a change framework opted for this study that accounts for colliding forces in higher education. Ten narratives of educational professionals depict idiosyncratic experiences contributing to country and actors' representation saturating this field of educational policy. The results attest to layers of converging trends in DPEd and diverging practical responses.
Early and long-term outcomes of deceased-donor kidney transplant in recipients 70 years of age and older
Authors: Smirnova V. V. , Shmarina N. V. , Dmitriev I. V. , Balkarov A. G. , Zagorodnikova N. V. , Vinogradov V. E. , Minina M. G. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The high prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a negative impact on the length and quality of life of patients, especially in the older age group. Renal replacement therapy is required when the disease progresses to end-stage renal failure. In elderly patients with comorbidities, dialysis therapy has its own peculiarities and challenges, often prolonging life for a short period. The increase in the number of patients aged ≥70 years requesting to be placed in the kidney transplant waitlist (KTWL) at Sklifosovsky Research Institu- te of Emergency Care has led to the need to evaluate kidney transplant (KT) outcomes in this patient cohort.Objective. To analyze the early and long-term outcomes of deceased-donor KT in recipients aged ≥70 years.Materials and methods. The retrospective study included 23 kidney recipients aged ≥70 years who underwent a deceased-donor KT in the period from 2014 to 2023 at the Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Department, Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Care. Recipient survival was computed using the Kaplan–Meier estimate.Results. Sixteen recipients (69.6%) had primary function and 7 (30.4%) had delayed function. Nineteen recipients (82.6%) showed a drop in blood creatinine below 200 μmol/L after KT. Hospital, 1- and 3-year survival were 96% (n = 22), 84.8% [95% CI 72–95] and 79% [95% CI 65–92], respectively; 1- and 3-year graft survival were 84.8 [95% CI 72–95] and 73% [95% CI 59–87], respectively.Conclusion. KT for patients aged ≥70 is a feasible treatment option for CKD stage 5.
Blood and bone marrow cell disorders in the stages of progressive diabetes in mice
Authors: Onishchenko N. A. , Karganov M. Yu. , Alchinova I. B. , Cherepov A. B. , Stepanova O. I. , Metelkin A. A. , Nikolskaya A. O. , Klesov R. A. , Semenov Kh. Kh. , Volkova E. A. , Shagidulin M. Yu. , Basok Yu. B. 
Published: September 2024

Objective: to examine how the severity of tissue metabolic disorders affects the dynamics of the state of blood cells and bone marrow (BM) cells in patients with progressive diabetes mellitus (DM).Materials and methods. The genetic model of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in db/db mutant mice (experimental group, n = 30) was used. Healthy mice of the same line – db/+m (n = 10) and line B10 (n = 5) served as control. The dynamics of laboratory and clinical parameters (blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, body weight) and oxidative metabolism indicators in tissues were monitored FOR 6–6.5 months using Lasma-ST device. The state of blood cells (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets) and BM cells were examined during the same period. Statistical processing of the results was done with preliminary use of the Shapiro–Wilk test; the significance of differences with the control was assessed using the parametric Student’s t test, at p < 0.05.Results. In the development of T2DM, 3 stages of progressive metabolic disorders were identified: I – adaptation stage (1–2 months); II – progressive maladaptation stage (2.5–4.5 months); III – decompensation stage (from 5.0–6.5 months to death). It was found that in T2DM mice, blood content of red blood cells, Hb and leukocytes was reduced already in stages I–III; but in stage II and especially in stage III, there was increased platelet count and percentage of neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils with a decrease in lymphocytes. A high percentage of live cells is preserved in the BM in stages I, II and early periods of stage III; in late periods of stage III, live cell percentages are frequently found to be low; in all periods of stage III, the total cell content in the BM is clearly reduced.Conclusion. Hematopoietic processes are inhibited in the BM as T2DM progresses. Individual assessment of the state of BM and its cells at the progressive stages of T2DM may be useful for prognostic purposes.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt with gastric vein embolization in liver cirrhosis
Authors: Korobka V. I. , Khoronko Yu. V. , Pasechnikov V. D. , Korobka R. V. , Pak E. S. , Malevanny M. V. , Pasechnikov D. V. , Ashimov I. A. 
Published: September 2024

Objective: to determine the predictors and risk of recurrent bleeding after implantation of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) combined with selective gastric vein embolization in patients with decompensated cirrhosis awaiting liver transplantation (LT).Materials and methods. A comparative retrospective study was performed in 54 patients waitlisted for LT between 2017 and 2023, who suffered recurrent variceal hemorrhage after secondary prophylaxis of bleeding prior to inclusion in the study. Demographic, clinical and laboratory parameters, clinical indices, hepatic encephalopathy, severity of ascites, degree of varices, manometric study before and after TIPS implantation with gastric vein embolization, with calculation of portal pressure gradient in patients with (n = 16) and without rebleeding (n = 38), were analyzed. The proportions of patients were compared using the Kaplan–Meier method with determination of the logarithmic test (Log-Rank). Cumulative risks were estimated by means of univariate and multivariate analysis of the Cox proportional hazards model.Results. Within 30 weeks from the date of TIPS combined with gastric vein embolization, 16 of 54 patients (29.6%) developed rebleeding. The following risk factors were identified: age, hemoglobin level, white blood cell count, platelet count, creatinine level, severity of ascites, and mean portal pressure gradient after TIPS implantation. It was found that the proportion of patients without bleeding was significantly higher in patients with portal pressure gradient ≤10 mmHg than in patients with this index >10 mmHg (Log Rank = 0.029). The following independent predictors of recurrent hemorrhage were determined: severity of ascites, shunt thrombosis, portal pressure gradient after TIPS implantation, portal pressure gradient after TIPS implantation <30% of the basal level. It has been shown that the risk of recurrent bleeding at portal pressure gradient >10 mmHg progressively increases and reaches maximum values (HR = 1.713) in patients who underwent TIPS combined with gastric vein embolization between 32 and 40 weeks from the time of surgery, while it is absent at portal pressure gradient ≤10 mmHg.
ESTUDANTES COTISTAS NO CURSO DE MEDICINA DA UFSC/FLORIANÓPOLIS: DOIS PERFIS
Authors: Vilar Bonaldi Eduardo , Viricimo Luan 
Published: September 2024

Combinando o uso de dados socioeconômicos, produzidos pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, e entrevistas em profundidade conduzidas pelos pesquisadores, nosso estudo identificou dois perfis de universitários cotistas na carreira de medicina do campus central da UFSC. Com base nas categorias bourdiesianas dos “sobreviventes da superseleção escolar” e dos “pequenos burgueses”, argumentamos que os “sobreviventes” correspondem aos estudantes originados de famílias caracterizadas por ocupações manuais, com itinerários escolares precários, mas que – através de investimentos educacionais incertos e solitários – compensam gradualmente as desvantagens culturais de seu meio social. Já os cotistas “pequenos burgueses” originam-se de famílias caracterizadas por ocupações “não manuais” (embora de escalão inferior em burocracias públicas e privadas), apresentando trajetórias escolares mais qualificadas, que refletem as estratégias educacionais que caracterizam o ethos dessa fração de classe, segundo Bourdieu. Em diálogo com a literatura, o estudo busca contribuir com a temática, pouco explorada, da diversidade social existente no interior do universo dos estudantes cotistas, abordando a carreira mais seletiva (a medicina) do ensino superior brasileiro.
Knowledge on antibiotic use and antibiotic dispensing practices in pharmacies in Bengaluru city
Authors: Yuktha K B , Munavar K Syed Ali , Sarmah Pooja 
Published: September 2024

Community pharmacists are pivotal in healthcare by dispensing medications and providing health education. However, the misuse of antibiotics, contributing to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), is a major global health threat. : This study aims to find the discrepancies in sale on antibiotics and asses the knowledge of the dispensers. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted from June to December 2023. Data were collected from 50 people dispensing at community pharmacies in Bengaluru using a pre-validated questionnaire. The questionnaire included of 11 knowledge-based and 11 practice-based. The study included 50 pharmacists: 17 registered (58.8% B. Pharm, 41.2% D. Pharm) and 33 non-pharmacists (12-B.Sc, 5-12 Pass, 5-B.Com, 4-BA, 2-Diploma in Health education, 2-BAMS Graduate, 2-10 Pass, 1-MBBS). 64% unaware of multi-drug resistant bacteria.28% thought antibiotics could be used for diabetes or hypertension. Around 80% incorrectly identified the use of antibiotics for fever, body ache, cold, and cough.26%dispensed antibiotics without prescriptions, mainly non-pharmacists. Common antibiotics dispensed included Amoxicillin (44%). The study revealed critical deficiencies in knowledge and practice among people dispensing at community pharmacies in Bengaluru. There is an urgent need for comprehensive educational initiatives and updated regulatory guidelines to improve antibiotic use and combat AMR.
Pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in clinical isolates from a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Mahajan Rakesh Kumar , Sharma Shiwangi , Sachan Supriya , Chhakchhuak Zobiakhlui , Dhawan Aayushi 
Published: September 2024

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is one of the leading causes of hospital acquired infections and is commonly associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This study was undertaken to understand the prevalence, recent pattern of antibiotic susceptibility of MRSA in clinical isolates from patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Northern India. The 460 coagulase positive Staphylococcal isolates were obtained from various samples from 460 patients attending different OPDs and also from patients admitted in IPDs and ICUs from January 2023 to June 2023. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed from the isolates and interpreted as per standard CLSI guidelines. MRSA isolates were identified by cefoxitin (30μg) disk testing, E-test and by VITEK 2 system. A total of 140 (30.43%) were found to be methicillin resistant. Out of 140 MRSA isolates, 109 (77.85%) were MDRSA (Multi drug resistant ). 10 (7.14%) isolates were also resistant to Vancomycin and 5(3.57%) of the MRSA isolates were also resistant to linezolid.The overall prevalence of MRSA during the study period was 30.43%. Prevalence of MRSA isolates was found to be significantly higher among isolates from indoor patients (57.1%) than OPD (31.4%) and ICU patients (12.8%). Antibiotic policies based on continuous surveillance of antibiotic resistance profiles of local strains is one of the most effective intervention to prevent MRSA infections.