bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initiation of Sevelamer and Mortality among Hemodialysis Patients Treated with Calcium-Based Phosphate Binders
Authors: Komaba Hirotaka , Wang Mia , Taniguchi Masatomo , Yamamoto Suguru , Nomura Takanobu , Schaubel Douglas E. , Smith Abigail R. , Zee Jarcy , Karaboyas Angelo , Bieber Brian , Fukagawa Masafumi , Tentori Francesca 
Published: July 2017

Background and objectives
Prior studies have shown that sevelamer attenuates progression of arterial calcification and may reduce the risk of death compared with calcium-based phosphate binders. In clinical practice, however, sevelamer is used not only as an alternative but also as an add-on therapy in patients already being treated with calcium-based phosphate binders. We analyzed the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS) data to test the hypothesis that the initiation of sevelamer is associated with improved survival in patients on hemodialysis treated with calcium-based phosphate binders.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We included 12,564 patients from DOPPS phase 3 and phase 4 (2005–2011) who were prescribed calcium-based phosphate binders at baseline or before sevelamer treatment. Mortality risk was assessed using a sequential stratification method to identify as-yet-untreated patients who were appropriately matched to the newly treated patients on the basis of their risk of death.

Results
Of 12,564 patients, 2606 were subsequently treated with sevelamer hydrochloride or sevelamer carbonate. After beginning sevelamer therapy, mean serum phosphorus levels decreased by 0.3 mg/dl in the first 4 months and gradually decreased thereafter. We matched 2501 treated patients with at least one as-yet-untreated patient. Patients treated with sevelamer had a 14% lower risk for mortality compared with as-yet-untreated patients (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval, 0.76 to 0.97). Similar results were observed in the sensitivity analyses when changing the matching calipers or the treated and as-yet-untreated ratios, and by using propensity score matching.

Conclusions
The use of sevelamer as an add-on or alternative therapy to calcium-based phosphate binders is associated with improved survival in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.
KONTEKSTUALISASI ETIKA POLITIK ISLAM UMAR IBN KHATTAB DALAM KEHIDUPAN KONTEMPORER
Authors: Hai Kemas Abdul 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan dan mendiskripsikan etika politik Umar Ibn Khattab, yang hasilnya bisa dikembangkan bukan hanya dalam ilmu pengetahuan tetapi juga dapat di amalkan bagi siapapun yang berperan aktif dalam memegang kekuasaan dan membuat kebijakan politik.
Penelitian ini menitik beratkan pada penelitian kepustakaan (library research), yaitu jenis penelitian yang terfokus pada sumber data-data literatur. Memfokuskan pada sejarah tokoh yakni Umar Ibn Khattab, maka pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan sejarah (historical approach), yaitu penyelidikan yang kritis terhadap keadaan-keadaan, perkembangan, serta pengalaman di masa lampau dan menimbang secara cukup teliti dan hati-hati tentang bukti validitas dari sumber sejarah serta interprestasi dari sumber-sumber keterangan tersebut.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengamalan etika dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara yang demokrasi sudah menjadi salah satu kebutuhan yang mendesak. Karena etika tidak semata menjadi acuan kepantasan bagi setiap pengambilan keputusan publik, tetapi juga merupakan panduan dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara.

Kata Kunci : Etika, Politik, Umar Ibn Khattab
Factores asociados al síndrome de fragilidad en la población adulta mayor de la Parroquia de San Antonio, Cantón Ibarra, Provincia de Imbabura de Agosto a Diciembre del 2016.
Authors: Alquinga Quishpe Irene Piedad 
Published: July 2017

<p><strong>Objetivos: </strong>Determinar los factores asociados con el síndrome de fragilidad en la población adulta mayor de la Parroquia de San Antonio, Cantón Ibarra, Provincia de Imbabura de Agosto a Diciembre.</p><p><strong>Materiales y método: </strong>Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, con una muestra representativa de 321 adultos mayores, calculada a partir de una población total asignada al centro de salud de San Antonio, de 1633 adultos mayores para el año 2015, aprobado por el subcomité de Bioética; entrevista personal en sus domicilios.</p><p>Se utilizó el programa EPI-info 7; las variables estudiadas se analizaron y posteriormente se relacionaron entre sí, utilizando el Chi 2, error 5 % e P&lt;0.05 intervalo de confianza de 95%.</p><p><strong>Resultados: </strong>Población adulta mayor entrevistada 321, 113 (35%) frágiles, 129 (40%) pre frágiles y 79 (25%) robustos. Los factores socio demográficos y funcionales fueron estadísticamente significativos y se asocian al síndrome de fragilidad, no así las comorbilidades que no hubo una asociación y son independientes.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusiones: </strong>Los factores estudiados tienen una alta asociación con el síndrome de fragilidad. El presente estudio proporciona una base muy importante para la evaluación clínica-geriátrica, para desarrollar intervenciones tanto de promoción como de prevención en salud, con un trabajo multidisciplinario y evitar en lo posible la aparición de este síndrome.</p>
Apparent power and power factor in unbalanced and distorted systems. Applications in three phase load compensations
Authors: P. Salmerón  , J. R. Vázquez  , R. S. Herrera  , S. P. Litrán  
Published: July 2017

The apparent power and the derived power factor are two of the quantities of the biggest use and application inside the Electric Engineering. However, nowadays it continues staying the controversy on their definitions and more appropriate meaning in the most general situations in unbalance and distortion, and unequal resistances in the distribution lines. In the last years they have been distinguished two focuses concerning the functional definitions of apparent power: the European approach, more theoretical and better developed, and the American approach, more practical focus but with smaller rigor. Although from the point of view of their practical application, the use of a definition or another doesn't suppose important numeric differences, if present differ from the conceptual point of view. This is made notice in applications that suppose the use of modern equipments of static compensation. The apparent power of the European approach in its conception only permits parallel compensation, while the apparent power of the American approach admits the series-parallel compensation. This paper introduces the definitions of apparent power of both approaches and it establishes a discussion on its application in the three-phases loads compensation.
Short-circuits simulation at 25 kV,50 Hz contact line system
Authors: R. Doleček  , O. Černý  
Published: July 2017

The paper deals with the problem of behaviour of 25 kV, 50 Hz supply system at Czech Railways. Traction supply system is represented by contractor supply line 110 kV, supply substation and contact line. The main problem is short-circuits at contact lines. These effects can arise during failure states of traction circuit. It is necessary to know exact behaviour of traction circuit for adjusting of operation protections.
LANDASAN FILOSOFIS PENGATURAN PASAR MODAL DI INDONESIA: HARAPAN DAN KENYATAAN
Authors: Hutajulu Marihot Janpieter 
Published: July 2017

<p><strong>Abstrak</strong><strong></strong></p><p> </p><p>Keberadaan pasar modal di Indonesia dibutuhkan mengingat peranannya yang penting untuk menyokong kondisi perekonomian negara. Namun pasar modal sebagai lembaga yang berasal dari sistem ekonomi liberal-kapitalistik tidak serta merta dapat dengan mudah diadopsi dan diatur tanpa disesuaikan dengan filosofi bangsa Indonesia. Melalui tulisan ini, Penulis hendak menganalisis kesesuaian tujuan pengaturan dan pengembangan pasar modal di Indonesia dengan konsep Negara Kesejahteraan Indonesia pasca Amandemen Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Analisis tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa tujuan pengembangan pasar modal Indonesia adalah mewujudkan masyarakat yang adil dan makmur, namun tujuan pengaturan pasar modal itu sendiri belum sesuai dengan konsep negara kesejahteraan Indonesia serta belum memenuhi harapan konstitusional bangsa ini.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><em><strong>Abs</strong><strong>tract</strong></em><strong></strong></p><p>In Indonesia the existence of capital market is needed considering the important role to support the country's economy. But the capital market as an institution derived from the liberal-capitalistic economic system can not necessarily be adopted and arranged without adjustment to the philosophy of the Indonesian nation. Through this article, the author analyzes the suitability of regulation and development of capital markets in Indonesia with the concept of Indonesian welfare state after the amendment to the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia of 1945. The analysis of this paper draws a conclusion that the purpose of the Indonesian capital market development is to realize a just and prosperous society, but the goal of the capital market regulation itself is not in accordance with the concept of Indonesia as well as the concept of welfare state and thus has not met expectations of the nation's constitutional expectations.</p><p> </p>
From the Pampa to the Mashriq: Arab-Argentine Philanthropy Networks
Authors: Balloffet Lily Pearl 
Published: July 2017

This article analyzes the sphere of institutionalized charity operated by Argentines with heritage ties to the Middle East in the first half of the twentieth century. This study places women’s work at the center of an analysis of local and transnational networks, as well as the fostering of cultural production within the diaspora. In doing so, it reveals women’s work as a lens for delineating important connections between diasporic populations in the provinces and the federal capital of Argentina. The philanthropic projects that generated these links also provide insight into the lives and financial choices of other groups—such as rural and proletarian Arab-Argentines—who are often peripheral to Mahjar historiography.
Memorialization and Assimilation: Armenian Genocide Memorials in North America
Authors: Robson Laura 
Published: July 2017

The Armenian National Institute lists forty-five Armenian genocide memorials in the United States and five more in Canada. Nearly all were built after 1980, with a significant majority appearing only after 2000. These memorials, which represent a considerable investment of time, energy, and money on the part of diasporic Armenian communities across the continent, followed quite deliberately on the pattern and rhetoric of the public Jewish American memorialization of the Holocaust that began in the 1970s. They tend to represent the Armenian diasporic story in toto as one of violent persecution, genocide, and rehabilitation within a white American immigrant sphere, with the purpose of projecting and promoting a fundamentally recognizable story about diaspora integration and accomplishment. This article argues that the decision publicly to represent the Armenian genocide as parallel to the Holocaust served as a mode of assimilation by attaching diaspora histories to an already­recognized narrative of European Jewish immigrant survival and assimilation, but also by disassociating Armenians from Middle Eastern diaspora communities facing considerable public backlash after the Iranian hostage crisis of 1980 and again after September 11, 2001.
日本語とインドネシア語の「説明の会話」におけるあいづちの使用 −感情の機能のあいづちをめぐって−
Authors: Apriyanto Okie Dita 
Published: July 2017

日本語母語話者は他の言語話者よりあいづちを打つと言われている。しかし、インドネシア語を母語とする日本語学習者はあいづちが少ないため、日本語母語話者に話の内容が分かっていないなどと誤解されることが多い。本稿では、「説明の会話」の録音を両言語で実施し、文字化したものを分析資料とし、得られた資料をあいづちの形式と機能の二つの観点から分析し、日本語とインドネシア語のあいづちを対照した。特に、本校では、会話データに見られる【感情】の機能を果たすあいづちを詳しく分析した。【感情】を表すあいづちの形式という観点からは、両言語でいくつかの類似点が見られた。日本語とインドネシア語では「コメント」の形式のあいづちが感情を表すときに使用されるということが分かり、両言語でも、「わあ」という形式のあいづちが「驚き」という【感情】を表すために使われているということができる。「感心」という【感情】を表すための「ほお」という形式のあいづちの使用は両言語の会話において見られ、「へえ」という形式は「意外な情報」への【内容理解】と「関心」という【感情】を表すために使用され、他のあいづち形式との使用も両言語の会話データで見られた。 キーワード：あいづち、会話、感情、機能、対照研究
Kajian Filosofis berparadigma Positivisme : Pelaksanaan Corporate Social Responsibility sebagai Kewajiban menurut Undang-Undang dalam Mewujudkan Good Corporate Governance
Authors: Listyawati Peni Rinda 
Published: July 2017

Positivism point of view can be declared as valid if it is specified by the institution or the competent authority and based on the rule of higher and not hung on moral values. That legal norm as we know is the Act.Law is a manifestation of the will of the government or can be said as way to arrange something in order to achieve the objectives as it is mentioned in the political law contained in the preamble or a general description. Furthermore, the Government has enacted the Corporate Law which is found in Article 74. This article set of Social and Environmental Responsibility (Corporate Social Responsibility). The fundamental question is why CSR including ethical conduct/ morality of a company, is included into law which must be implemented by the company? This question can not be answered by jurisprudence that has a limited scope. Since it only study about the norms or rules (laws). Moreover, when this condition occurs, it will go to be the object of philosophical discussion.Article 74 of Law No. 40 of 2007 has demonstrated that moral action can be increased its power to become law. Social and environmental responsibility norm become a legal obligation. It rules policy to create Acts and give sanction. The basic value is that the company in business activity has caused negative impacts resulting in losses for the community. In addition, CSR is responsible on the principle of sustainable development. Thereby, by implementing Corporate Social Responsibility properly, it will create Good Corporate Governance (GCG)
Numerical Study of Wall Shear and Velocities Using a Commercial CFD Code: Some Crucial Aspects to Consider
Authors: Baidar Binaya 
Published: July 2017

This paper presents the numerical prediction of wall shear and velocities in steady and superposed pulsatile turbulent flow in a pipe, the phenomena that can be observed in hydropower. The previously conducted experiment is a base for this study and some crucial aspects of CFD while using a commercial code have been emphasized. The widely-accepted grid convergence index approach is adopted to quantify the discretization uncertainty and the results are validated against the experiment. The influence of the wall functions applied in the code is also studied with two turbulence models: standard k-ε and kω based SST model. The time-averaged results of superposed flow with small amplitude unsteadiness are equivalent to results from the steady flow. The results and the method used in this paper may be useful for the CFD simulations in hydropower applications like penstock and bifurcations designs. HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water Energy and EnvironmentIssue: 21, July, 2017Page: 45-49Upload Date: July 20, 2017
GASP. I. Gas Stripping Phenomena in Galaxies with MUSE
Authors: Poggianti Bianca M. , Moretti Alessia , Gullieuszik Marco , Fritz Jacopo , Jaffé Yara , Bettoni Daniela , Fasano Giovanni , Bellhouse Callum , Hau George , Vulcani Benedetta , Biviano Andrea , Omizzolo Alessandro , Paccagnella Angela , D’Onofrio Mauro , Cava Antonio , Sheen Y.-K. , Couch Warrick , Owers Matt 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
GAs Stripping Phenomena in galaxies with MUSE (GASP) is a new integral-field spectroscopic survey with MUSE at the VLT aimed at studying gas removal processes in galaxies. We present an overview of the survey and show a first example of a galaxy undergoing strong gas stripping. GASP is obtaining deep MUSE data for 114 galaxies at z = 0.04–0.07 with stellar masses in the range

in different environments (galaxy clusters and groups over more than four orders of magnitude in halo mass). GASP targets galaxies with optical signatures of unilateral debris or tails reminiscent of gas-stripping processes (“jellyfish galaxies”), as well as a control sample of disk galaxies with no morphological anomalies. GASP is the only existing integral field unit (IFU) survey covering both the main galaxy body and the outskirts and surroundings, where the IFU data can reveal the presence and origin of the outer gas. To demonstrate GASP’s ability to probe the physics of gas and stars, we show the complete analysis of a textbook case of a jellyfish galaxy, JO206. This is a massive galaxy (

) in a low-mass cluster (

) at a small projected clustercentric radius and a high relative velocity, with ≥90 kpc long tentacles of ionized gas stripped away by ram pressure. We present the spatially resolved kinematics and physical properties of the gas and stars and depict the evolutionary history of this galaxy.
Calibration of the Large Area X-Ray Proportional Counter (LAXPC) Instrument on board AstroSat
Authors: Antia H. M. , Yadav J. S. , Agrawal P. C. , Chauhan Jai Verdhan , Manchanda R. K. , Chitnis Varsha , Paul Biswajit , Dedhia Dhiraj , Shah Parag , Gujar V. M. , Katoch Tilak , Kurhade V. N. , Madhwani Pankaj , Manojkumar T. K. , Nikam V. A. , Pandya A. S. , Parmar J. V. , Pawar D. M. , Pahari Mayukh , Misra Ranjeev , Navalgund K. H. , Pandiyan R. , Sharma K. S. , Subbarao K. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We present the calibration and background model for the Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter (LAXPC) detectors on board AstroSat. The LAXPC instrument has three nominally identical detectors to achieve a large collecting area. These detectors are independent of each other, and in the event analysis mode they record the arrival time and energy of each photon that is detected. The detectors have a time resolution of 10 μs and a dead-time of about 42 μs. This makes LAXPC ideal for timing studies. The energy resolution and peak channel-to-energy mapping were obtained from calibration on the ground using radioactive sources coupled with GEANT4 simulations of the detectors. The response matrix was further refined from observations of the Crab after launch. At around 20 keV the energy resolution of the detectors is 10%–15%, while the combined effective area of the three detectors is about 6000 cm2.
Star Formation Conditions in a Planck Galactic Cold Clump, G108.84–00.81
Authors: Kim Jungha , Lee Jeong-Eun , Liu Tie , Kim Kee-Tae , Wu Yuefang , Tatematsu Ken′ichi , Liu Sheng-Yuan ,   JCMT Large Program “SCOPE” Collaboration, and TRAO Key Science Program “TOP” Collaboration
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We present the results from a series of ground-based radio observations toward a Planck Galactic Cold Clump (PGCC), PGCC G108.84–00.81, which is located in one curved filamentary cloud in the vicinity of an extended H ii region Sh2-152 and SNR G109.1-1.0. PGCC G108.84–00.81 is mainly composed of two clumps, “G108–N” and “G108–S”. In the 850 μm dust continuum emission map, G108–N is shown as one component while G108–S is fragmented into four components. There is no infrared source associated with G108–N, while there are two infrared sources (IRS 1 and IRS 2) associated with G108–S. The total mass of G108–N is larger than the Jeans mass, suggesting that G108–N is gravitationally unstable and a potential place for a future star formation. The clump properties of G108–N and G108–S such as the gas temperature and the column density, are not distinctly different. However, G108–S is slightly more evolved than G108–N, if considering the CO depletion factor, molecular abundances, and association with infrared sources. G108–S seems to be affected by the compression from Sh2-152, while G108–N is relatively protected from the external effect.
Endophthalmitis and Concurrent or Delayed-Onset Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Managed With Pars Plana Vitrectomy, Intravitreal Antibiotics, and Silicone Oil
Authors: Dave Vivek Pravin , Pathengay Avinash , Relhan Nidhi , Sharma Pranjali , Jalali Subhadra , Pappuru Rajeev Reddy , Tyagi Mudit , Narayanan Raja , Chhablani Jay , Das Taraprasad , Flynn Harry W. 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
The current study describes the treatment outcomes in patients with endophthalmitis and concurrent or delayed-onset retinal detachment managed with pars plana vitrectomy, intravitreal antibiotics, and silicone oil.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
In this noncomparative, retrospective case series, the medical records of patients diagnosed with endophthalmitis and retinal detachment from January 1991 through December 2014 at a tertiary eye care center in South India were reviewed. All patients received silicone oil for the management of retinal detachment either concurrently or during follow-up treatment.

RESULTS:
A total of 93 patients were included in the current study. Retinal detachment was diagnosed at presentation in 20 of 93 patients (21.5%) (concurrent group: Group 1) and during follow-up in the remaining 73 of 93 patients (78.5%) (delayed-onset group: Group 2). In Group 1, the initial treatment consisted of vitrectomy, intravitreal antibiotics, and silicone oil injection in 19 of 20 patients. In Group 2, patients did not receive silicone oil during initial treatment but underwent silicone oil injection during subsequent surgery for repair of retinal detachment. Rates of complete retinal reattachment and visual acuity of 20/400 or better were 73.7% and 30.0%, respectively, in Group 1 and 98.5% and 39.7%, respectively, in Group 2. The median visual acuity at last follow-up in 44 eyes undergoing silicone oil removal was 20/100 (logMAR 0.7), whereas in the remaining 49 eyes that did not undergo silicone oil removal, median visual acuity was 20/2000 (logMAR 2.0).

CONCLUSION:
In these patients with endophthalmitis with concurrent or delayed-onset retinal detachment, the use of silicone oil can be a useful adjunct.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2017;48:546–551.]
How valid are old species lists? How archived samples can be used to update Ephemeroptera biodiversity information for northern Canada
Authors: Giberson Donna J. , Burian Steven K. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBroad-scale aquatic insect ecological studies are an important potential source of biodiversity information, though taxa lists may contain outdated names or be incompletely or incorrectly identified. We re-examined over 12 000 archived Ephemeroptera (mayfly) specimens from a large environmental assessment project (Mackenzie Valley pipeline study) in Yukon and the Northwest Territories, Canada (1971–1973) and compared the results to data from five recent (post-2000) collecting expeditions. Our goals were to update the species list for Ephemeroptera for Yukon and the Northwest Territories, and to evaluate the benefits of retaining and re-examining ecological samples to improve regional biodiversity information, particularly in isolated or inaccessible areas. The original pipeline study specimen labels reported 17 species in 25 genera for the combined Yukon and Northwest Territories samples, of which six species and 15 genera are still valid. Re-examination of specimens resulted in 45 species in 29 genera, with 14 and seven newly recorded species for Northwest Territories and Yukon, respectively. The recent collecting resulted in 50 species, 29 of which were different from the pipeline study, and five of which were new territorial records (Northwest Territories: four species; Yukon: one species). Re-examination of archived ecological specimens provides a cost-effective way to update regional biodiversity information.