bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatal primary diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma of the maxillary sinus initially treated as an infectious disease in an elderly patient: A clinicopathologic report
Authors: de Castro Mayara Santos , Ribeiro Cínthia Magalhães , de Carli Marina Lara , Pereira Alessandro Antônio Costa , Sperandio Felipe Fornias , de Almeida Oslei Paes , Hanemann João Adolfo Costa 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveTo report a case of primary diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the maxillary sinus in an 82‐year‐old Caucasian woman.BackgroundDiffuse large B‐cell lymphoma of the maxillary sinus has non‐specific signs and symptoms that may be confused with benign inflammatory conditions and upper respiratory infections.MethodsAn incisional biopsy was performed. CD20+/CD3–/Ki‐67: 95% cells were observed.ConclusionA good medical history, clinical and imaging evaluations and immunohistochemical reactions are crucial to establish a correct and early diagnosis of DLBCL.
Brain aging: Evaluation of pH using phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Cichocka Monika , Kozub Justyna , Urbanik Andrzej 
Published: February 2018

AimVery important aspects of aging include age‐related changes occurring in the brain. The aim of the present study was to identify the standard pH value in the entire brain volume using phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy in healthy individuals of both sexes in different age groups, and then to determine whether there are differences in these values.MethodsA total of 65 individuals aged 20–32 years (mean age 24.5 ± 2.1 years, 31 women and 34 men) and 31 individuals aged 60–81 years (mean age 64.9 ± 5.5 years, 17 women and 14 men) were studied. The phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy examination was carried out using a 1.5‐T magnetic resonance system. The signal was acquired from the volume of interest that covered the whole brain.ResultsA vast majority of the examined individuals had slightly alkaline brain pH regardless of age. In the ≥20 years group, pH was 7.09 ± 0.11, and in the ≥60 years group, the average pH was 7.03 ± 0.05. This comparison of the pH identified in all the tested individuals shows a negative correlation of pH with age.ConclusionsThe present findings might provide a valuable basis for further research into “healthy aging” as well as pathology in older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 881–885
Increased expression of senescence‐associated cell cycle regulators in the progression of biliary atresia: an immunohistochemical study
Authors: Sasaki Motoko , Kuo Fang‐Ying , Huang Chao‐Cheng , Swanson Paul E , Chen Chao‐Long , Chuang Jiin‐Haur , Yeh Matthew M 
Published: February 2018

AimsCellular senescence plays a role in tumour suppression and in the pathogenesis of various non‐neoplastic diseases, including primary biliary cholangitis and other adult cholangiopathies. Less is known about the role of cellular senescence in cholangiopathies in children. With that in mind, we examined the expression of senescence‐associated cell cycle regulators in biliary atresia, the most common form of paediatric obliterative cholangiopathy.Methods and resultsThe expression of senescence‐associated cell cycle regulators (p16Ink4a and p21WAF1/Cip1) and a ductular reaction related marker (neural cell adhesion molecule: NCAM) was examined in bile ducts and bile ductules in liver samples taken from the patients with biliary atresia [n = 80; including 23 samples at the time of the Kasai procedure (KP) and 63 obtained from the explanted liver (LT) (six cases with samples at both surgical stages of disease)] and from appropriate controls (n = 17). The degree of ductular reaction and cholestasis was significantly more extensive in LT than KP (P < 0.01). The expression of p16INK4a and NCAM was significantly more extensive in bile ducts and bile ductules in ductular reaction in both KP and LT compared to controls and in LT compared to KP (P < 0.05). The expression of p21WAF1/Cip1 was significantly more extensive in bile ducts and bile ductules in KP compared to both LT and controls (P < 0.01).ConclusionsCellular senescence may play a role in the progression of bile duct loss in biliary atresia in a manner similar to that of adult cholangiopathies.
The good, the (not so) bad and the ugly of immune homeostasis in melanoma
Authors: da Gama Duarte Jessica , Woods Katherine , Andrews Miles C , Behren Andreas 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWithin the immune system multiple mechanisms balance the need for efficient pathogen recognition and destruction with the prevention of tissue damage by excessive, inappropriate or even self‐targeting (auto)immune reactions. This immune homeostasis is a tightly regulated system which fails during tumor development, often due to the hijacking of its essential self‐regulatory mechanisms by cancer cells. It is facilitated not only by tumor intrinsic properties, but also by the microbiome, host genetics and other factors. In certain ways many cancers can therefore be considered a rare failure of immune control rather than an uncommon or rare disease of the tissue of origin, as the acquisition of potentially oncogenic traits through mutation occurs constantly in most tissues during proliferation. Normally, aberrant cells are well‐controlled by cell intrinsic (repair or apoptosis) and extrinsic (immune) mechanisms. However, occasionally oncogenic cells survive and escape control. Melanoma is one of the first cancer types where treatments aimed at restoring and enhancing an immune response to regain control over the tumor have been used with various success rates. With the advent of “modern” immunotherapeutics such as anti‐CTLA‐4 or anti‐PD‐1 antibodies that both target negative immune‐regulatory pathways on immune cells resulting in durable responses in a proportion of patients, the importance of the interplay between the immune system and cancer has been established beyond doubt.
A multiscale methodology quantifying the sintering temperature‐dependent mechanical properties of oxide matrix composites
Authors: Jiang Ru , Yang Lingwei , Liu Haitao , Tan Wei , Sun Xun , Cheng Haifeng , Mao Weiguo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA novel methodology combining multiscale mechanical testing and finite element modeling is proposed to quantify the sintering temperature‐dependent mechanical properties of oxide matrix composites, like aluminosilicate (AS) fiber reinforced Al2O3 matrix (ASf/Al2O3) composite in this work. The results showed a high‐temperature sensitivity in the modulus/strength of AS fiber and Al2O3 matrix due to their phase transitions at 1200°C, as revealed by instrumented nanoindentation technique. The interfacial strength, as measured by a novel fiber push‐in technique, was also temperature‐dependent. Specially at 1200°C, an interfacial phase reaction was observed, which bonded the interface tightly, as a result, the interfacial shear strength was up to ≈450 MPa. Employing the measured micro‐mechanical parameters of the composite constituents enabled the prediction of deformation mechanism of the composite in microscale, which suggested a dominant role of interface on the ductile/brittle behavior of the composite in tension and shear. Accordingly, the ASf/Al2O3 composite exhibited a ductile‐to‐brittle transition as the sintering temperature increased from 800 to 1200°C, due to the prohibition of interfacial debonding at higher temperatures, in good agreement with numerical predictions. The proposed multiscale methodology provides a powerful tool to study the mechanical properties of oxide matrix composites qualitatively and quantitatively.
Imagine Me and You, I Do: Effects of imagined intergroup contact on anti‐fat bias in the context of job interviews
Authors: Merritt Stephanie , Gardner Cari , Huber Kelli , Wexler Breanna , Banister Christina , Staley Amy 
Published: February 2018

AbstractImagined intergroup contact (IIC) has been demonstrated to alleviate prejudice toward social groups as a whole, but the extent to which it prevents biases in ratings of individual job candidates has not yet been examined. This study uses a simulated employment interview where a female candidate either higher or lower in body fat is rated by participants who have undergone an IIC or a control manipulation. IIC successfully alleviated discrimination in ratings of interviewee competence but had no significant effect on ratings of warmth. Competence ratings fully mediated the effect of the two‐way interaction of IIC and interviewee body fat on a dichotomous hiring recommendation provided 1 week later. IIC may be an effective and inexpensive intervention for reducing bias in job interview contexts.
The emerging role of long non‐coding RNA in spinal cord injury
Authors: Shi Zhongju , Pan Bin , Feng Shiqing 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a significant health burden worldwide which causes permanent neurological deficits, and there are approximately 17,000 new cases each year. However, there are no effective and current treatments that lead to functional recovery because of the limited understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of SCI. In recent years, the biological roles of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in SCI have attracted great attention from the researchers all over the world, and an increasing number of studies have investigated the regulatory roles of lncRNAs in SCI. In this review, we summarized the biogenesis, classification and function of lncRNAs and focused on the investigations on the roles of lncRNAs involved in the pathogenic processes of SCI, including neuronal loss, astrocyte proliferation and activation, demyelination, microglia activation, inflammatory reaction and angiogenesis. This review will help understand the molecular mechanisms of SCI and facilitate the potential use of lncRNAs as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for SCI treatment.
High‐level expression of ARID1A predicts a favourable outcome in triple‐negative breast cancer patients receiving paclitaxel‐based chemotherapy
Authors: Lin Yuan‐Feng , Tseng Ing‐Jy , Kuo Chih‐Jung , Lin Hui‐Yu , Chiu I‐Jen , Chiu Hui‐Wen 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPaclitaxel‐based chemotherapy is a common strategy to treat patients with triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). As paclitaxel resistance is still a clinical issue in treating TNBCs, identifying molecular markers for predicting pathologic responses to paclitaxel treatment is thus urgently needed. Here, we report that an AT‐rich interaction domain 1A (ARID1A) transcript is up‐regulated in paclitaxel‐sensitive TNBC cells but down‐regulated in paclitaxel‐resistant cells upon paclitaxel treatment. Moreover, ARID1A expression was negatively correlated with the IC50 concentration of paclitaxel in the tested TNBC cell lines. Kaplan‐Meier analyses revealed that ARID1A down‐regulation was related to a poorer response to paclitaxel‐based chemotherapy in patients with TNBCs as measured by the recurrence‐free survival probability. The pharmaceutical inhibition with p38MAPK‐specific inhibitor SCIO‐469 revealed that p38MAPK‐related signalling axis regulates ARID1A expression and thereby modulates paclitaxel sensitivity in TNBC cells. These findings suggest that ARID1A could be used as a prognostic factor to estimate the pathological complete response for TNBC patients who decide to receive paclitaxel‐based chemotherapy.
Baicalein inhibits cell growth and increases cisplatin sensitivity of A549 and H460 cells via miR‐424‐3p and targeting PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Lu Chunya , Wang Huaqi , Chen Shanshan , Yang Rui , Li Hui , Zhang Guojun 
Published: February 2018

AbstractLung cancer is the leading cause of death in individuals with malignant disease. Non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, and chemotherapy drugs such as cisplatin are the most widely used treatment for this disease. Baicalein is a purified flavonoid compound that has been reported to inhibit cancer cell growth and metastasis and increase sensitization to chemotherapeutic drugs via different pathways. Therefore, we assessed the effects of baicalein on the proliferation, apoptosis and cisplatin sensitivity in the NSCLC A549 and H460 cell lines and determined the pathways through which baicalein exerts its effects. Baicalein was slightly toxic to normal human bronchial NHBE cells but inhibited growth, induced apoptosis and increased cisplatin sensitivity in A549 and H460 cells. Baicalein down‐regulated miR‐424‐3p, up‐regulated PTEN expression and down‐regulated expression of PI3K and p‐Akt in A549 and H460 cells. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that PTEN is a target gene of miR‐424‐3p, and overexpression of miR‐424‐3p or silencing of PTEN partially attenuated the effects of baicalein on A549 and H460 cells. Taken together, we concluded that baicalein inhibits cell growth and increases cisplatin sensitivity to A549 and H460 cells via down‐regulation of miR‐424‐3p and targeting the PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway.
Effect of pH on whitening efficacy of 35% hydrogen peroxide and enamel microhardness
Authors: Jurema Ana Luiza Barbosa , de Souza Mauricio Yugo , Torres Carlos Rocha Gomes , Borges Alessandra Bühler , Caneppele Taciana Marco Ferraz 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of 35% hydrogen peroxide at different pH values and the degree of tooth staining on whitening efficacy and enamel microhardness.Materials and Methods90 enamel‐dentin specimens were obtained from bovine incisors. They were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 45), 1 group was immersed in a staining broth for 14 days, and another group was not stained and kept in distilled water at 37°C. Twenty‐four hours after the staining procedure, each group was distributed into 3 subgroups that were whitened by 35% hydrogen peroxide with different pH values (5, 7, and 8.4) for 30 minutes. The color was measured at baseline and 7 days after whitening. Microhardness was measured at baseline, immediate, 24 hours, and 1 month after the whitening procedure. Data were submitted to 2‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test for multiple comparisons for color analysis. Repeated measures ANOVA and the Tukey test were used to analyze microhardness data.ResultsThe color change of the stained groups (ΔE00 = 4.6) was significantly higher than that of the nonstained groups (ΔE00 = 3.7). Microhardness value decreased significantly immediately after whitening for all subgroups and did not return to initial values. For each measurement time, microhardness was not significantly different among subgroups with different pH values.ConclusionsDespite the effectiveness of 35% hydrogen peroxide, changes on gel pH did not affect the whitening efficacy, and the enamel was superficially demineralized, regardless of pH values.Clinical SignificanceIndependently of the pH value of whitening gel, enamel undergoes superficial demineralization and with a reduction in superficial microhardness that does not return to the initial values. However, using hydrogen peroxide with different pH values does not alter the whitening effect.
Higher Order Effects in Asset Pricing Models with Long‐Run Risks
Authors: POHL WALTER , SCHMEDDERS KARL , WILMS OLE 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTThis paper shows that the latest generation of asset pricing models with long‐run risk exhibit economically significant nonlinearities, and thus the ubiquitous Campbell‐Shiller log‐linearization can generate large numerical errors. These errors translate in turn to considerable errors in the model predictions, for example, for the magnitude of the equity premium or return predictability. We demonstrate that these nonlinearities arise from the presence of multiple highly persistent processes, which cause the exogenous states to attain values far away from their long‐run means with nonnegligible probability. These extreme values have a significant impact on asset price dynamics.
Clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular joint arthritis
Authors: Alstergren P. , Pigg M. , Kopp S. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryEvidence‐based clinical diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis are not available. To establish (i) criteria for clinical diagnosis of TMJ arthritis and (ii) clinical variables useful to determine inflammatory activity in TMJ arthritis using synovial fluid levels of inflammatory mediators as the reference standard. A calibrated examiner assessed TMJ pain, function, noise and occlusal changes in 219 TMJs (141 patients, 15 healthy individuals). TMJ synovial fluid samples were obtained with a push–pull technique using the hydroxycobalamin method and analysed for TNF, TNFsRII, IL‐1β, IL‐1ra, IL‐1sRII, IL‐6 and serotonin. If any inflammatory mediator concentration exceeded normal, the TMJ was considered as arthritic. In the patient group, 71% of the joints were arthritic. Of those, 93% were painful. About 66% of the non‐arthritic TMJs were painful to some degree. Intensity of TMJ resting pain and TMJ maximum opening pain, number of jaw movements causing TMJ pain and laterotrusive movement to the contralateral side significantly explained presence of arthritis (AUC 0.72, P < .001). Based on these findings, criteria for possible, probable and definite TMJ arthritis were determined. Arthritic TMJs with high inflammatory activity showed higher pain intensity on maximum mouth opening (P < .001) and higher number of painful mandibular movements (P = .004) than TMJs with low inflammatory activity. The combination TMJ pain on maximum mouth opening and Contralateral laterotrusion <8 mm appears to have diagnostic value for TMJ arthritis. Among arthritic TMJs, higher TMJ pain intensity on maximum mouth opening and number of mandibular movements causing TMJ pain indicates higher inflammatory activity.
Sociocultural Influences on the Association Between Negative Romantic Experiences and Psychological Maladjustment in Mexican Adolescents
Authors: Reid Alexander , Halgunseth Linda C. , Espinosa‐Hernandez Graciela , Vasilenko Sara A. 
Published: February 2018

The goal of this study was to examine whether cultural values (familismo, female virginity) and gender moderated the associations between negative romantic experiences and psychological maladjustment (depressive, anxiety symptoms) in a sample of Mexican adolescents. Self‐report survey data were collected from 973 adolescents (M = 15.14 years old; 56% girls) in Mexico. Findings revealed more depressive and anxiety symptoms among adolescents who reported more negative romantic experiences. These associations were stronger for female adolescents reporting greater beliefs of familismo and female virginity. Mental health practitioners may consider negative romantic experiences and cultural values when working with Mexican adolescents.
Effect of benazepril and pimobendan on serum angiotensin‐converting enzyme activity in dogs
Authors: King J. N. , Christinaz C. , Strehlau G. , Hornfeld J. 
Published: February 2018

To support their combined use, the objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of benazepril and pimobendan on serum angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) activity in dogs. A total of 48 healthy beagle dogs were randomized into four groups (n = 12 per group) in a parallel‐group design study: A (control, placebo twice daily (BID)); B (0.5–1.0 mg/kg benazepril once daily (SID) in the morning, placebo in the evening); C (0.25–0.5 mg/kg benazepril BID); D (0.25–0.5 mg/kg benazepril and 0.125–0.25 mg/kg pimobendan, both BID). The test items were administered orally for 15 days. Serum ACE activity was measured on days 1 and 15. Groups B, C and D had significantly lower average serum ACE activity compared to baseline and to the control group, on both days 1 and 15. There were no significant differences in average ACE activity between groups B, C and D. Noninferiority of group C to B was demonstrated. In conclusion, 0.25–0.5 mg/kg benazepril administered BID produced noninferior inhibition of serum ACE activity compared to 0.5–1.0 mg/kg benazepril dosed SID. Pimobendan had no significant effect on benazepril's action on serum ACE activity. The results support the use of benazepril BID in dogs and in combination with pimobendan.
Induction of female‐to‐male sex change in a large protogynous fish, Choerodon schoenleinii
Authors: Sato Taku , Kobayashi Masato , Takebe Takayuki , Hirai Narisato , Okuzawa Koichi , Sawaguchi Sayumi , Matsubara Takahiro , Yamaguchi Tomofumi , Shinoda Rihito , Koiso Masahiko , Teruya Kazuhisa 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMost behavioral studies on hermaphroditic fishes have focused on small‐sized species, which are tractable for research. Although many species of large hermaphroditic fishes are important fishery resources, their proximate mechanisms (visual, chemical and/or behavioral cues) in the social regulation of sex change have not been determined. Determination of these would inform resource management and aquaculture. In order to get closer to understanding the proximate mechanisms underlying the social regulation of female‐to‐male sex change in large hermaphroditic fishes, this study reports situations that induced female‐to‐male sex change in black‐spot tuskfish, Choerodon schoenleinii, a species of large protogynous fish, in massive laboratory tanks. The situations differed in the possibility of male‐to‐female tactile contact and in the group sex ratio, enabling us to infer plausible proximate mechanisms underlying sex change induction. Tactile contact between individuals is suspected to be closely related to the incidence of female‐to‐male sex change in C. schoenleinii. Visual and chemical cues alone may be insufficient to inhibit such sex changes. Male‐to‐female tactile contact may have an important influence on female‐to‐male sex change, i.e., inhibition of this sex change, in this species. The effect of sex ratio of a social group on the incidence of sex change may be due to the relative frequency and intensity of male tactile contact with each female, which may vary with the number of females. In the absence of a dominant male, tactile contact among females may affect the incidence of sex change, as well as determine which individuals change sex.