bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal C677T MTHFR Polymorphism and Environmental Factors are Associated with Cleft Lip and Palate in a Mexican Population
Authors: Ibarra-Lopez Jose Jesus , Duarte Patricia , Antonio-Vejar Veronica , Calderon-Aranda Emma S. , Huerta-Beristain Gerardo , Flores-Alfaro Eugenia , Moreno-Godinez Ma Elena 
Published: May 2016

Introduction Nonsyndromic cleft lip and cleft palate (CL/P) is associated with environmental, nutritional, and genetic factors. Maternal polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase ( MTHFR) gene have been associated with CL/P. Objectives To determine the relationship between the risk of having a child with CL/P and maternal C677T and A1298C MTHFR polymorphisms, the intake of folate supplements, and exposure to environmental factors during the first trimester of pregnancy, a case-control study of Mexican mothers (88 case mothers and 116 control mothers) was conducted. Methods A questionnaire was used to assess exposure to environmental factors. The C677T and A1298C polymorphisms were identified by polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results Mothers with the 677CT or 677TT genotype had a higher risk of having a child with CL/P than mothers with the 677CC genotype (odds ratio [OR], 2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–5.7). An increased risk of having a child with CL/P was associated with the lack of folate supplementation during the first trimester of pregnancy (OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.9–7.6), and this risk was greater in the mothers with the 677TT or 677CT genotype than mothers who reported taking folate supplements and had the 677CC genotype (OR, 11.2; 95% CI, 3.3–37.5). Pesticide exposure was associated with CL/P. There was no significant association between either the A1298C variant or tobacco exposure and the risk of CL/P. Conclusion These results suggest that gene-environment interactions play an important role in the development of CL/P.
Elevated Leptin Levels in Nonobese Girls with Premature Thelarche
Authors: Dundar Bumin , Pirgon Ozgur , Sangun Ozlem , Doguc Duygu Kumbul 
Published: May 2016

Background and Aim It has been reported that leptin receptors have been also shown in mammary epithelial cells, and it has been suggested that leptin is involved in the control of the proliferation of both normal and malignant breast cells. The aim of this study was to measure the leptin levels in girls with early breast development and to determine if leptin levels were associated with the clinic, anthropometric characteristics and other sex steroids in girls with premature thelarche (PT). Methods In this cross-sectional study; we examined 26 girls (mean age, 7.1 ± 0.8 years; and mean body mass index standard deviation score [BMI-SDS], 0.45 ± 0.9) referred for evaluation because of the appearance of breast buds before the age of 8 years and judged clinically to have PT, as well as 21 healthy age-matched prepubertal girls who served as controls. Breasts and pubic hair development were assessed by visual inspection and palpation using the rating scales of Tanner. Results There were significant differences between the PT and control groups regarding leptin (2.7 ± 2.4 vs 1.1 ± 1.1 ng/mL; P: 0.007) and androstenedione (0.44 ± 0.2 vs 0.29 ± 1.1 ng/mL; P = 0.019) levels despite their similar age and BMI-SDS. Leptin measurements were positively correlated with BMI-SDS ( r = 0.378; P = 0.03) and androstenedione ( r = 0.438; P = 0.025) levels. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that serum leptin levels were consistently higher in children with PT than in healthy children. Our findings also support an association between increased leptin levels in PT and adrenal androgens such as androstenedione. We suggest that the increased adrenal androstenedione, observed in our patients, may serve as a precursor for the peripheral conversion to estrogens by the stimulating effect of leptin on aromatase enzyme activity in breast tissues.
Racial Disparities in Hepatitis B Infection in Ohio
Authors: Misra Ranjita , Jiobu Karen , Zhang Johnathan , Liu Qihui , Li Feng , Kirkpatrick Robert , Ho Jason 
Published: May 2016

Objective Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and liver cancer mortality represent a neglected health disparity among Asian Americans. The purposes of this study were to compare the prevalence of hepatitis B among a diverse group of 1311 Ohioans in Franklin County, OH (85% Asians, 7.5% African Americans, and 6.5% whites) and to improve access to care for high-risk Asian adults through advocacy and policy changes. Research Design and Methods The Asian subgroups comprised of Chinese, Filipino, Asian Indian, Pakistani, Vietnamese, Korean, Laotian, Indonesian, Japanese, Cambodian, Thai, and Malaysian nationalities. The HBV screening was completed at health fairs, restaurants, churches, and temples from 2006 to 2011. Results The prevalence of HBV infection (9.5% vs 5%) and family history of liver cancer was significantly higher among Asians than other racial ethnic groups ( P = 0.001). Cambodian, Vietnamese, and Chinese participants were disproportionately infected with the virus compared with other Asian subgroups ( P < 0.001). Advocacy and policy changes for resources allowed vaccine-eligible Asians included as “high risk” group to receive free vaccinations at the health department. However, although vouchers were provided to vaccine-eligible Asian adults, compliance in getting vaccinated was very low (11%). Common barriers for compliance were lack of time and knowledge of completing the 3 shot series, low English proficiency, and fear of adverse effects. Conclusions Outreach education may use community liaisons to improve screenings, education, and vaccination/treatment. A hepatitis free clinic was established in 2009 to provide culturally and linguistically appropriate treatment for low-income Asian Americans in Franklin County, OH.
Seasonal Changes in the Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Moses Robert G. , Wong Veronica C.K. , Lambert Kelly , Morris Gary J. , San Gil Fernando 
Published: May 2016

OBJECTIVE
To determine the effect of different seasons on the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by using World Health Organization criteria.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The results of all pregnancy glucose tolerance tests (GTTs) were prospectively collected over a 3-year period in a temperate climate, and the results were grouped by season.

RESULTS
The results of 7,369 pregnancy GTTs were available for consideration. In winter, the median 1-h and 2-h glucose results after GTT were significantly (P &lt; 0.0001) lower than the overall 1-h and 2-h results. The prevalence of GDM at the 1-h diagnostic level was 29% higher in summer and 27% lower in winter than the overall prevalence (P = 0.02). The prevalence of GDM at the 2-h diagnostic level was 28% higher in summer and 31% lower in winter than the overall prevalence (P = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of GDM varies according to seasons, which leads to the possible overdiagnosis of GDM in summer and/or underdiagnosis in winter. Further research into standardization of the GTT or seasonal adjustment of the results may need to be considered.
Comparing predictions from constitutive equations and artificial neural network model of compressive behavior in carbon nanotube–aluminum reinforced ZA27 composites
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhu Yunke , Geng Cong , Xu Junrui 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Hybrid carbon nanotube–aluminum reinforced ZA27 composites under hot compressive forces were investigated in the temperature range of 473 – 523 K with strain rates of 0.01 – 10 s−1. From the experimental data, the flow stress curves for increasing strain exhibit typical flow behavior associated with dynamic recrystallization softening. A comparison of predictions from an artificial neural network model and the constitutive equations to describe the hot compressive behavior was performed. Relative errors varied from −4.14 % to 6.75 % for the artificial neural network model and from −15.93 % to 17.29 % using the constitutive equations. The results indicate that the artificial neural network model was more accurate and efficient in predicting hot compressive behavior.
Application of Synthetic Nanozeolite Sodalite in Drug Delivery
Authors: Rahmani Shaghayegh , Azizi Seyed Naser , Asemi Neda 
Published: May 2016

In this study nanozeolite sodalite was synthesized from natural volcanic glass (perlite) as silica (Si) source and sodium aluminate as aluminium (Al) source without using any organic template. We use perlite as Si source because it is cost-effective and available source. These nanoparticles of synthesized zeolite were prepared at 170°C in stainless steel reactor with hydrothermal method. The synthesized nanozeolite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Chemical composition of perlite was determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF).This nanozeolite was modified with cationic surfactant, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMAB). In this study adsorption of cetirizine (Cet) as a model drug onto nanozeolite sodalite as a carrier of drug was investigated and Ultra Violet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry was used for determination of concentrations of Cet at 230 nm. Adsorption characteristics of Cet on nanozeolite sodalite were examined at different times (0-6 h) and also the analysis was carried at three pH levels 4, 5 and 6. Finally three buffered solutions with different pH (1.2, 6.8 and 7.2) were selected for release medium and the temperature was precisely controlled at 37 ± 0.1°C.Rahmani et al., International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, May 2016, 5(6): 55-58
Mortalité par accident dans les mines de charbon en Belgique aux XIXe-XXe siècles
Authors: Leboutte René 
Published: May 2016

A l'aide des relevés statistiques dressés annuellement par l'Administration des Mines, la mortalité par accident dans les mines belges a pu être retracée depuis 1821 jusque 1985. Si le temps est à la baisse (de 33 tués pour 10.000 ouvriers en 1851-1855, le taux de mortalité est tombé à 6 en 1981-1985). Cette amélioration de la sécurité s'est réalisée lentement, par étapes, grâce au développement des techniques et de la législation.
La confrontation des statistiques belges avec celles de la France, de la Grande- Bretagne, de la Prusse et des Etats-Unis, fait apparaître le retard de ces deux derniers par rapport aux premiers en matière de sécurité minière. La principale explication réside dans l'absence de tradition professionnelle de la main-d'œuvre aux Etats-Unis et en Prusse.
Enfin, l'essor des techniques de sauvetage est également pris en compte afin d'expliquer la réduction de la mortalité à partir de 1890.
Les consultations électorales de 1945 en Picardie
Authors: Besse Jean Pierre 
Published: May 2016

En 1945, les Françaises et les Français sont appelés quatre fois aux urnes pour renouveler successivement les conseils municipaux, élus dix ans plus tôt, les conseils généraux et pour élire des députés.
Les municipales du printemps sont un succès pour le parti communiste et surtout pour la S.F.I. O. La droite maintient ses positions. Le parti radical-socialiste, en recul, limite les dégâts. Les cantonales et les législatives de l'automne confirment et accentuent les tendances révélées par les municipales.
Les élections de 1945 ont donc dessiné une nouvelle carte politique de la région en accentuant son orientation à gauche. Elles traduisent en outre un renouvellement profond du personnel politique au profit des hommes et des forces qui ont participé activement à la Résistance.
KELT-14b AND KELT-15b: AN INDEPENDENT DISCOVERY OF WASP-122b AND A NEW HOT JUPITER
Authors: Rodriguez Joseph E. , Colón Knicole D. , Stassun Keivan G. , Wright Duncan , Cargile Phillip A. , Bayliss Daniel , Pepper Joshua , Collins Karen A. , Kuhn Rudolf B. , Lund Michael B. , Siverd Robert J. , Zhou George , Gaudi B. Scott , Tinney C. G. , Penev Kaloyan , Tan T. G. , Stockdale Chris , Curtis Ivan A. , James David , Udry Stephane , Segransan Damien , Bieryla Allyson , Latham David W. , Beatty Thomas G. , Eastman Jason D. , Myers Gordon , Bartz Jonathan , Bento Joao , Jensen Eric L. N. , Oberst Thomas E. , Stevens Daniel J. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery of KELT-14b and KELT-15b, two hot Jupiters from the KELT-South survey. KELT-14b, an independent discovery of the recently announced WASP-122b, is an inflated Jupiter mass planet that orbits a

∼

5.0

−
0.7

+
0.3

Gyr, V = 11.0, G2 star that is near the main sequence turnoff. The host star, KELT-14 (TYC 7638-981-1), has an inferred mass

M

*

=

1.18

−
0.07

+
0.05

M
⊙ and radius

R

*

=

1.37
±
−
0.08

R
⊙, and has

T

eff

=

5802

−
92

+
95

K,

log

g

*

=

4.23

−
0.04

+
0.05

and

[

Fe

/

H

]

= 0.33 ± −0.09. The planet orbits with a period of 1.7100588 ± 0.0000025 days (T
0 = 2457091.02863 ± 0.00047) and has a radius R
p =

1.52

−
0.11

+
0.12

R
J and mass M
p = 1.196 ± 0.072 M
J, and the eccentricity is consistent with zero. KELT-15b is another inflated Jupiter mass planet that orbits a ∼

4.6

−
0.4

+
0.5

Gyr, V = 11.2, G0 star (TYC 8146-86-1) that is near the “blue hook” stage of evolution prior to the Hertzsprung gap, and has an inferred mass

M

*

=

1.181

−
0.050

+
0.051

M
⊙ and radius

R

*

=

1.48

−
0.04

+
0.09

R
⊙, and

T

eff

=

6003

−
52

+
56

K,

log

g

*

=

4.17

−
0.04

+
0.02

and

[

Fe

/

H

]

= 0.05 ± 0.03. The planet orbits on a period of 3.329441 ± 0.000016 days (T
0 = 2457029.1663 ± 0.0073) and has a radius R
p =

1.443

−
0.057

+
0.11

R
J and mass M
p =

0.91

−
0.22

+
0.21

M
J and an eccentricity consistent with zero. KELT-14b has the second largest expected emission signal in the K-band for known transiting planets brighter than K < 10.5. Both KELT-14b and KELT-15b are predicted to have large enough emission signals that their secondary eclipses should be detectable using ground-based observatories.
Réflexions dialoguées autour du « rêver » chez Appelfeld dans « Le garcon qui voulait dormir »
Authors: Bindefeld Nicole , Kaganski Irène 
Published: May 2016

Erwin-Aharon, adolescent, est recueilli par une organisation juive quelque part en Europe, avec d’autres rescapés, qui comme lui en « déserrance » sont regroupés dans un camp de transit avant d’être dirigés vers la Palestine, sous mandat britannique. Il commence son récit de cette errance plongé alors dans un sommeil continu de survie, dont il ne peut ni ne veut sortir. De cet espace à l’interface du sujet et de l’objet, il nous conduit à partager son asile intérieur en passant de son expérience de sommeil lourd et continuel, qui se transforme au cours de sa nouvelle vie en rêves, puis en un dialogue rêvé ininterrompu avec ses parents et ses proches. Ce processus du rêve, producteur de rêves, se met en place par une stratégie de son Moi animé d’une pulsion de vie. Il parvient ainsi, par ce jeu, à convoquer à son gré ses objets d’amour, « des objeux », perdus mais fictivement présents, et à engager avec eux un dialogue vivant. Le travail du deuil est paradoxe : le jeu annule la perte réelle des objets et maintient la relation à eux. La fonction traumatolytique du rêve (décrite par Ferenczi) va favoriser une évacuation de ses traumatismes. Toute pensée est pensée du rêve. Ce livre est pure activité de pensée (cf. Bion). « Le théâtre de la création de sens » exprimée dans les rêves va se déployer, donner sens et relation articulable vers le dehors.
L’esprit du séquoia
Authors: Julliand Éric 
Published: May 2016

L’auteur file la métaphore de Vieux Hibou, le vieux sage, qui installé dans le séquoïa centenaire, assiste aux tribulations avoisinantes de son espèce à plumes, et aux changements conçus par l’esprit radical des Hommes vivant « dans un siècle civilisé et scientifique ».
Functional outcomes of post-traumatic metacarpal hand reconstruction with free toe-to-hand transfer
Authors: Venkatramani Hari , Bhardwaj Praveen , Sierakowski Adam , Sabapathy S. Raja 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
Introduction: We present the functional outcomes of microvascular toe transfer to reconstruct the post-traumatic metacarpal hand deformity. Twelve toe transfers were successfully carried out in 11 patients. Materials and Methods: In each patient, the level of injury was classified according to the Wei classification system. Functional outcome was measured in seven patients using the Tamai score. Additional objective tests of function were carried out in three patients, including the Jebsen test, grip strength, pinch strength, web opening, static and moving two-point discrimination and Semmes–Weinstein monofilament testing. Observation and Results: The average Tamai score was 69 (range 60–83.5). Six patients achieved 'good' outcomes and one patient, with a double toe transfer, an 'excellent' outcome. The average follow-up time was 43 months (range 10–148 months). Conclusion: This study shows how even a single toe transfer can restore useful function to a hand that has otherwise lost all prehensile ability.
Novel expansion techniques for skin grafts
Authors: Kadam Dinesh 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe quest for skin expansion is not restricted to cover a large area alone, but to produce acceptable uniform surfaces, robust engraftment to withstand mechanical shear and infection, with a minimal donor morbidity. Ease of the technique, shorter healing period and reproducible results are essential parameters to adopt novel techniques. Significant advances seen in four fronts of autologous grafting are: (1) Dermal–epidermal graft expansion techniques, (2) epidermal graft harvests technique, (3) melanocyte-rich basal cell therapy for vitiligo and (4) robust and faster autologous cell cultures. Meek's original concept that the sum of perimeter of smaller grafts is larger than the harvested graft, and smaller the graft size, the greater is the potential for regeneration is witnessed in newer modification. Further, as graft size becomes smaller or minced, these micrografts can survive on the wound bed exudate irrespective of their dermal orientation. Expansion produced by 4 mm × 4 mm sized Meek micrografts is 10-folds, similarly 0.8 mm × 0.8 mm size micrografts produce 100-fold expansion, which becomes 700-fold with pixel grafts of 0.3 mm × 0.3 mm size. Fractional skin harvest is another new technique with 700 μ size full thickness graft. These provide instant autologous non-cultured graft to cover extensive areas with similar quality of engraftment surface as split skin grafts. Newer tools for epidermal blister graft harvest quickly, with uniform size to produce 7-fold expansions with reproducible results. In addition, donor area heals faster with minimal scar. Melanocyte-rich cell suspension is utilised in vitiligo surgery tapping the potential of hair root melanocytes. Further advances in the cell culture to reduce the cultivation time and provide stronger epidermal sheets with dermal carrier are seen in trials.
Academic use and attitude of the 1st year medical students toward smartphones in a North Indian city
Authors: Rohilla Jyoti , Rohilla Ravi , Rohilla Aarti , Singh Kamal 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

Objective:
Smartphones have evolved from luxury to essential need items in general population nowadays. iOS by Apple, Android by Google, Windows by Microsoft and Blackberry account for the majority of smartphone operating system which are currently in use today.

Materials and Methods:
The present study was done among 350 students of medical, dental, nursing and physiotherapy streams to know the prevalence of smartphone use and attitude towards its use. Of the 350 students enrolled in the study, 257 completed the questionnaire with a response rate of 73.4%.

Results:
Out of 222, 198 had android devices, 13 had iPhones, and 11 had other operating systems including Windows and Blackberry. 191 (74.3%) of the subjects had a working email account.

Conclusion:
First year students have positive perception towards smartphone use and medical schools should encourage the use of medical applications among them. However, students and medical professionals should be cautious of the negative issues with smartphone use.
Investigation of postoperative satisfaction of facial autologous fat grafting with platelet-rich plasma
Authors: Qi Xiangdong , Zhou Jie 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
This single-center prospective, case-controlled study investigated satisfaction and esthetic results as rated by the physician and patient, respectively, by following up thirty patients with aging face, who underwent facial autologous fat grafting with platelet-rich plasma (PRP).

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective review of thirty patients, who were suffering from facial sagging or partial depression and requiring autologous fat grafting between February 2012 and September 2015. Photograph was taken before and 3-month after the operation. Patient and physician satisfaction was rated using visual analog scale (VAS) ranging from 1 (least satisfied) to 10 (most satisfied) 3 months after the operation. Statistical difference between the patient and physician satisfaction scores was analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software.

Results:
The patients' average age was 34.5 ± 1.2 years. The average VAS score of physician satisfaction was 7.9 ± 1.0, and the average VAS score of patient satisfaction was 8.0 ± 1.2. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in scores (P = 0.859; P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
There is no evidence that different donor sites or different donor-site preparation will lead to different outcomes. Multilevel injection is recommended for autologous fat injection. The high satisfaction scores indicated a good esthetic result of facial autologous fat grafting with PRP. Autologous fat as one of the popular soft tissue fillers is durable and safe. The biggest challenge is the high variation in absorption rate. PRP may lead to higher survival rate of fat and satisfaction level. The stability of survival rate of autologous fat grafting with PRP and the connection between complications and PRP technique need further study.
Fat distribution in the rotator cuff interval determining the coracohumeral ligament visualization: Magnetic resonance imaging findings
Authors: Li Jinqing , Song Linheng , Yu Zhibo , Qiao Qing , Li Fusuo , Zhang Yunquan , Zhang Hongguang , Lan Xiaochuan , Huang Min , Wu Yi , Zhang Shaoxiang 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to analyze how fat distribution in the rotator cuff interval (RCI) in normal volunteer shoulders determines the coracohumeral ligament (CHL) visualization, including the CHL visualization rate, type, and thickness, using routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials and Methods:
This study prospectively analyzed 120 shoulder joints in 60 normal volunteer individuals (30 males and 30 females) using MRI to identify the fat distribution type in the RCI as well as the CHL visualization rate, type, and thickness.

Results:
The fat in the RCI was visualized in 110 of 120 shoulders (91.7%) while the fat in the RCI was not identifiable in 8.3% of normal volunteer shoulders. The fat distribution in the RCI was classified into five types: Type A (52.5%), Type B (26.7%), Type C (5.8%), Type D (6.7%), and Type E (8.3%). The CHL types included the horizontal type (73.3%), upsloping type (12.5%), downsloping type (5.9%), and unseen type (8.3%) (The CHL was not identifiable in 8.3% of normal volunteer shoulders). No significant difference existed for the fat distribution types in the RCI or the CHL visualization rate, types, or thickness in either different lateral shoulders or different gender shoulders, using a Chi-square test (P > 0.05). In addition, no significant correlation emerged between body mass index (23.4 ± 2.5, n = 110) and the CHL thickness (3.1 ± 1.3 mm) in normal volunteer shoulders, using the Pearson correlation test (n = 110) (r = −0.095, P> 0.05).

Conclusion:
MRI is a satisfactory method for determining the fat distribution in the RCI and CHL depiction in normal volunteer shoulders. The fat distribution in the RCI determines the CHL visualization, including the CHL visualization rate, type, and thickness.