bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yes, but … our response to: “professional ethics in the information age”
Authors: Gotterbarn Donald , Miller Keith  W. 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
This short viewpoint is a response to a lead paper on professional ethics in the information age. This paper aims to draw upon the authors’ experience of professional bodies such as the ACM over many years. Points of agreement and disagreement are highlighted with the aim of promoting wider debate.

Design/methodology/approach
An analysis of the lead paper is undertaken using a binary agree/disagree approach. This highlights the conflicting views which can then be considered in more detail.

Findings
Four major agreements and four major disagreements are identified. There is an emphasis on “acultural” professionalism to promote moral behavior rather than amoral behavior.

Originality/value
This is an original viewpoint which draws from the authors’ practical experience and expertise.
Epidemiological survey from 2009 to 2012 of psoriatic patients in Japanese Society for Psoriasis Research
Authors: Ito Toshihiro , Takahashi Hidetoshi , Kawada Akira , Iizuka Hajime , Nakagawa Hidemi ,   Japanese Society For Psoriasis Research
Published: November 2017

AbstractSince 1982, the Japanese Society for Psoriasis Research has conducted annual epidemiological surveys of patients with psoriasis. Kawada et al. have reported data for 1982–2001 and Takahashi et al. have reported data for 2002–2008. The present study evaluated 9290 psoriatic cases according to age and sex (2009–2012). The male : female ratio was 2.08:1 (6281 male patients [67.6%] to 3009 female patients [32.4%]). The most prevalent type was psoriasis vulgaris (85.6% of all cases), which was followed by psoriasis arthropathica (6.0%), psoriasis guttate acuta (3.2%), Zumbusch‐type generalized pustular psoriasis (1.8%) and psoriasis erythroderma (1.5%). Psoriasis vulgaris was the most prevalent type for all ages, while psoriasis arthropathica and psoriasis guttate acuta were most prevalent among patients aged less than 65 years. The present survey detected an increased number of cases with comorbid diabetes and/or arthritis symptoms compared with the previous surveys. We found that treatments frequently involved topical corticosteroids (89.7% of cases) and vitamin D3 ointments (78.0% of cases), with a notable increase in the use of vitamin D3 ointments. Systemic treatments were used in 33.3% of cases, including cyclosporin (33.6%), etretinate (19.5%), methotrexate (8.6%), infliximab (11.4%), adalimumab (10.9%) and ustekinumab (6.2%). Phototherapy was used in 30.9% of cases. Although psoralen plus ultraviolet A therapy was the predominant phototherapy during previous studies, the present survey revealed that narrowband ultraviolet B therapy was used in 84.5% of phototherapy‐treated cases. Thus, the present survey revealed major changes in treatment trends.
Automatic stacking‐velocity estimation using similarity‐weighted clustering
Authors: Liu Guochang , Li Chao , Liu Xingye , Ge Qiang , Chen Xiaohong 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTLocal seismic event slopes contain subsurface velocity information and can be used to estimate seismic stacking velocity. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to estimate the stacking velocity automatically from seismic reflection data using similarity‐weighted k‐means clustering, in which the weights are local similarity between each trace in common midpoint gather and a reference trace. Local similarity reflects the local signal‐to‐noise ratio in common midpoint gather. We select the data points with high signal‐to‐noise ratio to be used in the velocity estimation with large weights in mapped traveltime and velocity domain by similarity‐weighted k‐means clustering with thresholding. By using weighted k‐means clustering, we make clustering centroids closer to those data points with large weights, which are more reliable and have higher signal‐to‐noise ratio. The interpolation is used to obtain the whole velocity volume after we have got velocity points calculated by weighted k‐means clustering. Using the proposed method, one obtains a more accurate estimate of the stacking velocity because the similarity‐based weighting in clustering takes into account the signal‐to‐noise ratio and reliability of different data points in mapped traveltime and velocity domain. In order to demonstrate that, we apply the proposed method to synthetic and field data examples, and the resulting images are of higher quality when compared with the ones obtained using existing methods.
A biotrophic fungal infection of the great burnet Sanguisorba officinalis indirectly affects caterpillar performance of the endangered scarce large blue butterfly Phengaris teleius
Authors: Śliwińska Ewa B. , Martyka Rafał , Martyka Mirosław , Cichoń Mariusz , Tryjanowski Piotr 
Published: November 2017

AbstractInteractions between ecological communities of herbivores and microbes are commonly mediated by a shared plant. A tripartite interaction between a pathogenic fungus–host plant–herbivorous insect is an example of such mutual influences. In such a system a fungal pathogen commonly has a negative influence on the morphology and biochemistry of the host plant, with consequences for insect herbivore performance. Here we studied whether the biotrophic fungus Podosphaera ferruginea, attacking the great burnet Sanguisorba officinalis, affects caterpillar performance of the endangered scarce large blue butterfly Phengaris teleius. Our results showed that the pathogenic fungus affected the number and size of inflorescences produced by food‐plants and, more importantly, had indirect, plant‐mediated effects on the abundance, body mass and immune response of caterpillars. Specifically, we found the relationship between caterpillar abundance and variability in inflorescence size on a plant to be positive among healthy food‐plants, and negative among infected food‐plants. Caterpillars that fed on healthy food‐plants were smaller than those that fed on infected food‐plants in one studied season, while there was no such difference in the other season. We observed the relationship between caterpillar immune response and the proportion of infected great burnets within a habitat patch to be positive when caterpillars fed on healthy food‐plants, and negative when caterpillars fed on infected food‐plants. Our results suggest that this biotrophic fungal infection of the great burnet may impose a significant indirect influence on P. teleius caterpillar performance with potential consequences for the population dynamics and structure of this endangered butterfly.
Using the “regime shift” concept in addressing social–ecological change
Authors: Kull Christian A. , Kueffer Christoph , Richardson David M. , Vaz Ana Sofia , Vicente Joana R. , Honrado João Pradinho 
Published: November 2017

Abstract‘Regime shift’ has emerged as a key concept in the environmental sciences. The concept has roots in complexity science and its ecological applications, and is increasingly applied to intertwined social and ecological phenomena. Yet what exactly is a regime shift? We explore this question at three nested levels. First, we propose a broad, contingent, multi‐perspective epistemological basis for the concept, seeking to build bridges between its complexity theory origins and critiques from science studies, political ecology, and environmental history. Second, we define the concept in a way that is consistent with this epistemology, building on previous work on speed, scale, stickiness, and interrelationships, but also emphasising human perceptions and rhetorical uses of the notion. Third, we propose a novel typology of the ways in which the regime shift concept is used in analysing social–environmental phenomena in geography and beyond. These uses are categorised along two axes. On the one side, we distinguish between description of past or present changes and normative prescriptions for the future. On the other side, we distinguish between whether the focus is on material shifts (social and ecological) or conceptual shifts (discourses and ideas). We illustrate the typology with reference to social–environmental changes in landscapes around the world that are dominated by plantations or the widespread naturalisation of AustralianAcaciaspecies. We conclude that the regime shift concept is a boundary object with value as both an analytical and communicative tool in addressing social–environmental challenges.
Harnessing novel chromosomal integration loci to utilize an organosolv‐derived hemicellulose fraction for isobutanol production with engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum
Authors: Lange Julian , Müller Felix , Takors Ralf , Blombach Bastian 
Published: November 2017

SummaryA successful bioeconomy depends on the manifestation of biorefineries that entirely convert renewable resources to valuable products and energies. Here, the poorly exploited hemicellulose fraction (HF) from beech wood organosolv processing was applied for isobutanol production with Corynebacterium glutamicum. To enable growth of C. glutamicum on HF, we integrated genes required for D‐xylose and l‐arabinose metabolization into two of 16 systematically identified and novel chromosomal integration loci. Under aerobic conditions, this engineered strain CArXy reached growth rates up to 0.34 ± 0.02 h−1 on HF. Based on CArXy, we developed the isobutanol producer strain CIsArXy, which additionally (over)expresses genes of the native l‐valine biosynthetic and the heterologous Ehrlich pathway. CIsArXy produced 7.2 ± 0.2 mM (0.53 ± 0.02 g L−1) isobutanol on HF at a carbon molar yield of 0.31 ± 0.02 C‐mol isobutanol per C‐mol substrate (d‐xylose + l‐arabinose) in an anaerobic zero‐growth production process.
Seasonal patterns in rainforest litterfall: Detecting endogenous and environmental influences from long‐term sampling
Authors: Edwards Will , Liddell Michael J. , Franks Peter , Nichols Cassandra , Laurance Susan G. W. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractTropical rainforests play an important role in the storage and cycling of global terrestrial carbon. In the carbon cycle, net primary productivity of forests is linked to soil respiration through the production and decomposition of forest litter. Climate seasonality appears to influence the production of litter although there is considerable variability within and across forests that makes accurate estimates challenging. We explored the effects of climate seasonality on litterfall dynamics in a lowland humid rainforest over a 7‐year period from 2007 to 2013, including an El Niño/La Niña cycle in 2010/2011. Litterfall was sampled fortnightly in 24 traps of 0.50 m diameter within a 1‐ha forest plot. Total mean litterfall was 10.48 ± 1.32 (±SD, dry weight) Mg ha−1 year−1 and seasonal in distribution. The different components of litterfall were divided into LLeaf (63.5%), LWood (27.7%) and LFF[flowers & fruit] (8.8%), which all demonstrated seasonal dynamics. Peak falls in LLeaf and LWood were highly predictable, coinciding with maximum daily temperatures and 1 and 2 months prior to maximum monthly rainfall. The El Niño/La Niña cycle coincided with elevated local winter temperatures and peak falls of LLeaf and LWood. Importantly, we establish how sampling length and generalized additive models eliminate the requirement for extensive within‐site sampling when the intention is to describe dynamics in litterfall patterns. Further, a greater understanding of seasonal cycles in litterfall allows us to distinguish between endogenous controls and environmental factors, such as El Niño events, which may have significant impacts on biochemical cycles.
The lifecycle of Agrilus biguttatus: the role of temperature in its development and distribution, and implications for Acute Oak Decline
Authors: Reed Katy , Denman Sandra , Leather Simon R. , Forster Jack , Inward Daegan J. G. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The two spotted oak buprestid, Agrilus biguttatus Fabricus, is implicated in oak decline events across Europe, and is strongly linked to Acute Oak Decline in the U.K., although its role in the syndrome remains under investigation. In the U.K., the beetle is restricted to south and central England. The present study aimed to improve our understanding of the beetle's life history and thermal requirements, intending to explain its U.K. distribution, and to collect data for lifecycle modelling.
Novel methods were developed to collect and culture the beetle in the laboratory, which enabled experiments to be carried out, providing data on the beetle's sex ratio, longevity and fecundity, and the development rates of eggs, larvae and pupae at constant temperatures.
On average, females lived for 63 days and laid 82 eggs. Larvae developed through four instars. Sex ratio varied by site, with no overall trend apparent.
The development rates of eggs, larvae and pupae (to adult emergence) had linear relationships with temperature, with lower developmental thresholds of 12.1, 11.9 and 15.1 °C, respectively. For each life stage, degree‐day values were calculated. Beetles appeared to have an obligatory prepupal diapause at all temperatures studied, up to and including 25 °C.
The implications of the developmental findings for the beetle's current distribution, as well as the possible effects of climate change, are discussed. The beetle appears to be thermally limited in the U.K. and, if so, its distribution, and perhaps that of Acute Oak Decline, may alter under climate change.
Broad ligament hernia successfully repaired by single‐incision laparoscopy: A case report
Authors: Takeyama Hiroshi , Kogita Yuya , Nishigaki Takahiko , Yamashita Masafumi , Aikawa Eriko , Hoshi Minako , Taniguchi Hirokazu , Maruyama Yasuki , Nakajima Kazuhiro , Yamamoto Yoshimitsu , Adachi Kazushige , Yamamoto Hitoshi , Ikeda Kimimasa , Kurokawa Eiji 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA 52‐year‐old woman with a history of two parturitions presented with lower abdominal pain. Multi‐detector CT of the abdomen showed discontinuity of the sigmoid colon near the broad ligament on the left side. We assigned a provisional diagnosis of an internal hernia progressing through a defect in the broad ligament. SILS revealed a total broad ligament defect on the left side but no signs of ischemic, necrotic bowel. We successfully repaired the broad ligament defect with suturing. At the 2‐month follow‐up, the patient remained well with no signs of recurrence. This case appears to be the first report of a broad ligament hernia successfully diagnosed and repaired by SILS.
Mobile learning in higher education: A comparative analysis of developed and developing country contexts
Authors: Kaliisa Rogers , Palmer Edward , Miller Julia 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast characteristics of use and adoption of mobile learning in higher education in developed and developing countries. A comparative case study based on a survey questionnaire was conducted with 189 students (undergraduate and postgraduate) from Makerere University in Uganda and the University of Adelaide in Australia. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) was employed as the theoretical framework. The results indicated that higher education students in developed and developing countries use a range of technologies for learning, with major differences between Uganda and Australia. The study concludes that mobile learning in higher education in developed and developing country contexts is still at an experimental stage with students using mobile devices in pedagogically limited ways.
Peer Problems Among Postinstitutionalized, Internationally Adopted Children: Relations to Hypocortisolism, Parenting Quality, and ADHD Symptoms
Authors: Pitula Clio E. , DePasquale Carrie E. , Mliner Shanna B. , Gunnar Megan R. 
Published: November 2017

Seventy‐eight postinstitutionalized (PI) children adopted at ages 17–36 months were assessed 2, 8, 16, and 24 months postadoption on measures of cortisol and parenting quality, and compared to same‐aged children adopted from foster care (FC, n = 45) and nonadopted children (NA, n = 45). In kindergarten (Mage = 6.0 years), teachers, parents, and trained observers completed measures of peer relationships and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. PI children had more peer problems and ADHD symptoms according to teachers and observers than NA children with FC children in between, whereas both PI and FC children were at significantly greater risk of hypocortisolism (i.e., blunted cortisol diurnal rhythm and reactivity). Hypocortisolism and ADHD symptoms mediated the association between preadoption adversity and peer difficulties. Higher postadoption parenting quality was protective.
Zoonotic helminth exposure and risk of allergic diseases: A study of two generations in Norway
Authors: Jõgi N. O. , Svanes C. , Siiak S. P. , Logan E. , Holloway J. W. , Igland J. , Johannessen A. , Levin M. , Real F. G. , Schlunssen V. , Horsnell W. G. C. , Bertelsen R. J. 
Published: November 2017

SummaryBackgroundAnimal and human studies indicate that definitive host helminth infections may confer protection from allergies. However, zoonotic helminths, such as Toxocara species (spp.), have been associated with increased allergies.ObjectiveWe describe the prevalence of Toxocara spp. and Ascaris spp. seropositivity and associations with allergic diseases and sensitization, in 2 generations in Bergen, Norway.MethodsSerum levels of total IgG4, anti‐Toxocara spp. IgG4 and Ascaris spp. IgG4 were established by ELISA in 2 cohorts: parents born 1945‐1972 (n = 171) and their offspring born 1969‐2003 (n = 264). Allergic outcomes and covariates were recorded through interviews and clinical examinations including serum IgEs and skin prick tests.ResultsAnti‐Ascaris spp. IgG4 was detected in 29.2% of parents and 10.3% of offspring, and anti‐Toxocara spp. IgG4 in 17.5% and 8.0% of parents and offspring, respectively. Among offspring, anti‐Toxocara spp. IgG4 was associated with pet keeping before age 15 (OR = 6.15; 95% CI = 1.37‐27.5) and increasing BMI (1.16[1.06‐1.25] per kg/m2). Toxocara spp. seropositivity was associated with wheeze (2.97[1.45‐ 7.76]), hayfever (4.03[1.63‐9.95]), eczema (2.89[1.08‐7.76]) and cat sensitization (5.65[1.92‐16.6]) among offspring, but was not associated with allergic outcomes among parents. Adjustment for childhood or current pet keeping did not alter associations with allergies. Parental Toxocara spp. seropositivity was associated with increased offspring allergies following a sex‐specific pattern.Conclusions & Clinical RelevanceZoonotic helminth exposure in Norway was less frequent in offspring than parents; however, Toxocara spp. seropositivity was associated with increased risk of allergic manifestations in the offspring generation, but not among parents. Changes in response to helminth exposure may provide insights into the increase in allergy incidence in affluent countries.
Smoking and EGFR status may predict outcomes of advanced NSCLC treated with PD‐(L)1 inhibitors beyond first line: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Abdel‐Rahman Omar 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the potential clinical and biological predictive markers of survival in pretreated advanced NSCLC patients treated with the three PD‐(L)1 inhibitors (nivolumab, pembrolizumab and atezolizumab).Data source/study selectionPubMed database has been searched. The review author extracted relevant information on participant characteristics and study outcomes for this review and assessed risk of bias of the included trials. Data analysis was conducted through RevMan v.5.3.Main resultsFive randomized controlled trials with 3013 patients were included. There was no predictive value for the age of the patients (taking 65 years as a cutoff value), the histology (squamous vs nonsquamous) or performance score (score 0 vs score 1); while there appears to be a value for smoking history and EGFR status. The pooled HR for death for patients with EGFR mutant disease was 1.11 [95% CI: 0.80, 1.53; P = 0.54]; while pooled HR for death for patients with EGFR wild type disease was 0.67 [95% CI: 0.60, 0.75; P < 0.00001]. The pooled HR for death for patients with current/former smokers was 0.71 [95% CI: 0.63, 0.82; P < 0.00001]; while pooled HR for death for patients with never smokers was 0.79 [95% CI: 0.60, 1.06; P = 0.11]. However, because of the low‐to‐moderate quality of data, these conclusions may change with publication of other ongoing trials.ConclusionsSmoking history and EGFR status may help predict the performance of PD‐(L)1 inhibitors vs docetaxel in previously treated NSCLC patients.
Natural rewilding of the Great Basin: Genetic consequences of recolonization by black bears (Ursus americanus)
Authors: Malaney Jason L. , Lackey Carl W. , Beckmann Jon P. , Matocq Marjorie D. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimIn the mid‐20th century, many populations of large‐bodied mammals experienced declines throughout North America. Fortunately, within the last several decades, some have begun to rebound and even recolonize extirpated portions of their native range, including black bears (Ursus americanus) in the montane areas of the western Great Basin. In this study, we examine genetic variation in source and recolonized areas to better understand the genetic consequences of recolonization.LocationWestern Great Basin, USA.MethodsUsing multiple loci, we characterized genetic variation among source and recently recolonized areas occupied by black bears, tested for population structure and applied approximate Bayesian computation to test competing hypotheses of demographic history. We assessed signals of gene flow using expectations of genetic consequences derived from alternative modes of recolonization (bottleneck, metapopulation, island model) and tested for significant signals of genetic bottlenecks in areas recently recolonized by black bears.ResultsAs anticipated from field survey data and hypothesized expectations, genetic variation of western Great Basin black bears retain an overall signature of demographic decline followed by recent rebound. Furthermore, results reveal that bears in the recolonized range are minimally differentiated from the source area, but newly established subpopulations have lower effective population sizes and reduced allelic diversity. Nevertheless, recolonized areas fail to show a significant signal of a genetic bottleneck. Moreover, bears occupying recolonized areas experience asymmetric gene flow, yielding strong support for a model of genetic connectivity that is best described as a metapopulation.Main ConclusionThis study presents one of the few empirical examples of genetic consequences of natural recolonization in large‐bodied mammals. Furthermore, these results have implications for understanding the complexities associated with the genetic consequences of recent and ongoing recolonization and highlight the need to develop management strategies uniquely tailored to support connectivity between source and recolonized areas.