bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systemic corticosterone enhances fear memory extinction in rats: Involvement of the infralimbic medial prefrontal cortex GABAA and GABAB receptors
Authors: Omoumi Samira , Rashidy‐Pour Ali , Seyedinia Seyed Ali , Tarahomi Parnia , Sedaghat Katayoun , Vafaei Abbas Ali , Raise‐Abdullahi Payman 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeThe infralimbic (IL) subregion of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) regulates the extinction of conditioned fear memory. Glucocorticoid and gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors are expressed in the mPFC and are also critical in fear extinction. This study investigated the possible interactive effects of the glucocorticoids and GABAergic system in the IL on the regulation of fear extinction.MethodThe rats were trained using an auditory fear conditioning task during which they received three conditioned stimuli (tones, 30 s, 4 kHz, 80 dB), co‐terminated with the three unconditioned stimuli (footshock, 0.8 mA, 1 s). Extinction testing was conducted over 3 days (Ext 1–3). Thirty minutes before the first extinction trial (Ext 1), the rats received bicuculline (BIC, 1 mg/kg/2 mL, intraperitoneal [i.p.]) as a GABAA receptor antagonist or CGP55845 (CGP, 0.1 mg/kg/2 ML, i.p.) as a GABAB receptor antagonist followed by systemic injection of corticosterone (CORT, 3 mg/kg/2 ML, i.p.). Furthermore, separate groups of rats received a bilateral intra‐IL injection of BIC (100 ng/0.3 µL/side) or CGP (10 ng/0.3 µL/side) followed by a systemic injection of CORT (3 mg/kg/2 ML, i.p.) before the first extinction trial (Ext 1). The extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK1) and cAMP response element‐binding (CREB) activity in the IL was examined by Western blot analysis after Ext 1.FindingThe results indicated that systemic CORT injection facilitated fear extinction and increased the expression of ERK1 but not CREB in the IL. Both systemic and intra‐IL co‐injection of BIC or CGP blocked the effects of CORT on fear extinction and ERK1 expression.ConclusionThese findings suggest that glucocorticoids and the GABAergic system may modulate fear extinction through the ERK pathway in the IL.
Cardiovascular patches applied in congenital cardiac surgery: Current materials and prospects
Authors: Sun Mingze , LaSala Vincent Reed , Giuglaris Caroline , Blitzer David , Jackman Sophia , Ustunel Senay , Rajesh Kavya , Kalfa David 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCongenital Heart Defects (CHDs) are the most common congenital anomalies, affecting between 4 and 75 per 1000 live births. Cardiovascular patches (CVPs) are frequently used as part of the surgical armamentarium to reconstruct cardiovascular structures to correct CHDs in pediatric patients. This review aims to evaluate the history of cardiovascular patches, currently available options, clinical applications, and important features of these patches. Performance and outcomes of different patch materials are assessed to provide reference points for clinicians. The target audience includes clinicians seeking data on clinical performance as they make choices between different patch products, as well as scientists and engineers working to develop patches or synthesize new patch materials.
From protein structure to an optimized chromatographic capture step using multiscale modeling
Authors: Keulen Daphne , Neijenhuis Tim , Lazopoulou Adamantia , Disela Roxana , Geldhof Geoffroy , Le Bussy Olivier , Klijn Marieke E. , Ottens Marcel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOptimizing a biopharmaceutical chromatographic purification process is currently the greatest challenge during process development. A lack of process understanding calls for extensive experimental efforts in pursuit of an optimal process. In silico techniques, such as mechanistic or data driven modeling, enhance the understanding, allowing more cost‐effective and time efficient process optimization. This work presents a modeling strategy integrating quantitative structure property relationship (QSPR) models and chromatographic mechanistic models (MM) to optimize a cation exchange (CEX) capture step, limiting experiments. In QSPR, structural characteristics obtained from the protein structure are used to describe physicochemical behavior. This QSPR information can be applied in MM to predict the chromatogram and optimize the entire process. To validate this approach, retention profiles of six proteins were determined experimentally from mixtures, at different pH (3.5, 4.3, 5.0, and 7.0). Four proteins at different pH's were used to train QSPR models predicting the retention volumes and characteristic charge, subsequently the equilibrium constant was determined. For an unseen protein knowing only the protein structure, the retention peak difference between the modeled and experimental peaks was 0.2% relative to the gradient length (60 column volume). Next, the CEX capture step was optimized, demonstrating a consistent result in both the experimental and QSPR‐based methods. The impact of model parameter confidence on the final optimization revealed two viable process conditions, one of which is similar to the optimization achieved using experimentally obtained parameters. The multiscale modeling approach reduces the required experimental effort by identification of initial process conditions, which can be optimized.
Chemical Constituents, Biological Activities and Molecular Docking Studies of Root and Aerial Part Essential Oils from Erigeron sublyratus Roxb. ex DC. (Asteraceae)
Authors: Giang An Nguyen Thi , Duc Giang Le , Tran Trung Hieu , Xuan Duc Dau , Thi Thu Nguyen , Thu Hien Nguyen Thi , Xuan Ha Nguyen , Khoa Nguyen Dang , Sy Vo Van 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this work, the volatile components of Erigeron sublyratus essential oils and their anti‐inflammatory and cytotoxic activities were investigated for the first time. Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis identified 28 components in the root and aerial part essential oils. The main components included cis‐lachnophyllum ester (53.4–64.2 %), germacrene D (5.6–8.6 %), trans‐β‐ocimene (2.6–7.5 %), β‐caryophyllene (4.7–6.8 %), β‐myrcene (2.0–6.3 %), and (E)‐β‐farnesene (4.8–5.0 %). The aerial part essential oil inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production on LPS‐induced RAW 264.7 cells, with an IC50 value of 1.41±0.10 μg/mL. In addition, both root and aerial part essential oils exhibited cytotoxic activity against MCF‐7, SK‐LU‐1, and HepG2. Molecular docking simulation results revealed that (E)‐β‐farnesene strongly binds to the VEGFR‐2 enzyme, while δ‐cadinene has a high affinity to the COX‐2 enzyme via hydrophobic interactions. These findings proposed that E. sublyratus essential oils can be exploited for their anti‐inflammatory and anti‐cytotoxicity potential.
Cornus Officinalis Total Glycosides Alleviate Granulomatous Lobular Mastitis via the B7‐CD28/CTLA‐4 Costimulatory Pathway
Authors: Yang Huafeng , Liu Hui , Zheng Yuan , Li Bo , Wang Shujing , Zhang Jun , Wang Jiandong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCornus officinalis total glycosides (COTG) derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Cornus officinalis, is a natural immunosuppressant and has been extensively studied in immunomodulation and immunosuppression. This study aimed to explore the effects of COTG on granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) and its associated mechanisms. Compared to the model group, COTG effectively ameliorated histopathological damage to breast tissue, reduced mammary gland suppuration, and enhanced the blood‐milk barrier. Additionally, COTG treatment reduced the total number of T cells and B cells in GLM rats, significantly improving clinical indicators such as P‐selectin, E‐selectin, and intercellular cell adhesion molecule‐1. We also observed downregulation of CD28 and B7 expression levels, an upregulation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte‐associated antigen‐4 (CTLA‐4) expression, and a significant decrease in inflammatory marker levels in the COTG group. COTG exerts an anti‐inflammatory effect in GLM by stimulating CTLA‐4, inhibiting the B7‐CD28 signaling pathway affecting T cell activation, and promoting the blood‐milk barrier. These findings suggest that COTG could be a promising therapeutic option for managing GLM, potentially improving patient outcomes by modulating immune responses and reinforcing the blood‐milk barrier.
Green Seaweeds as a Potential Source of Biomolecules and Bioactive Peptides: Recent Progress and Applications – A Review
Authors: Das Sasmita , Behera Maheswari , Ranjan Das Smruti , Charan Behera Kanhu , Singh Lakshmi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOver the past few decades, seaweed has been explored as a sustainable source in biotechnological and biomedical industries because of its multiple biopotential actions. However, the composition of biomolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, fatty acids, free amino acids, ash, minerals, vitamins, and especially protein in green seaweeds varies from species to species based on their growth stage and the environmental conditions. Specifically, seaweed‐derived bioactive proteins and peptides have the potential for several health benefits. They serve as a balanced diet. Protein which is an extensive macronutrient in human nutrition, should be explored to avoid using animal‐sourced protein, which is expensive to consume. Bioactive peptides that are isolated from marine algae consist of various kinds of functional properties. In the food industry, seaweeds are novel molecules for being used in both nutritional foods and nutraceuticals. In both in vitro and In vivo conditions, various seaweed‐derived bioactive compounds have shown a broad range of biological activities including anti‐cancer and immunomodulatory, anti‐hypertensive, and anti‐coagulant activities. Hence, this review paper discusses the screening of seaweed‐derived biochemicals with a special focus on their proteins, peptide contents, and nutra‐pharmaceutical values.
Sex differences in transradial access failure in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Zafirovska Biljana , Jovkovski Aleksandar , Vasilev Ivan , Taravari Hajber , Kitanoski Darko , Petkoska Danica , Kostov Jorgo , Ho Kalon K. L. , Kedev Sasko 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundTransradial access (TRA) is now the default access site for PPCI, but technically is a more challenging approach mostly due to anatomic challenges connected to the RA.AimsTo assess the differences according to sex in radial artery (RA) access site characteristics during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Material and MethodsAll 5092 consecutive STEMI patients from our center in the period from March 2011 until December 2017 were examined. The right proximal radial was the “intention‐to‐treat” access in all patients. Preprocedural RA angiography was performed in all patients. Clinical and procedure characteristics, type of radial anatomy variants, need to use another arterial access sites (the primary endpoint for this study), and procedure time were analyzed by sex. Using logistic regression, we selected predictors of radial crossover. Access site bleeding complications and vascular complications were also recorded.ResultsThe STEMI population in this period included 1326 females and 3766 male patients. Females were older (65 ± 11 years) than males (59 ± 11 years, p < 0.0001). Among standard risk factors, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were more common in women and smoking less common. RA anomalies were more frequent in the females (8.8% vs. 6.5%, p < 0.0001), with complex RA loop and tortuous RA twice as frequent in women. Failure of TRA access as the initially chosen site occurred in 4.6% (61) of females versus 2.5% (97) of male STEMI patients (p = 0.0003). The most common subsequent access site was right ulnar access in both groups (57 and 61% respectively). Access site bleeding complications were more common in women 4.4% versus 3.2%, mirrored in hematomas with EASY score III to V. Clinical RA spasm (RAS) was significantly more frequent in females (5.7% vs. 2.2%, p < 0.0001). Multiple regression analysis identified 5 independent predictors for TRA access crossover: previous TRA, anomalous RA, RAS, along with female sex and diabetes.ConclusionFemale sex is a significant predictor of more complex TRA in STEMI. Understanding sex differences and predictors for TRA crossover will strengthen the use of different procedural modalities that can help in preserving a successful wrist access in female STEMI patients.
Amphiphilic Ionic Liquids for Chemical Separation of Crude Oil Emulsions
Authors: Abdullah Mahmood M. S. , Al‐Lohedan Hamad A. , Faqihi Norah A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis work aims to synthesize novel amphiphilic ionic liquids (AILs), AH‐PM, and AD‐PM as well as apply them to chemically demulsifying crude oil emulsions. Two AILs containing different long alkyl chains were synthesized and characterized using several techniques. The surface and interfacial indicated AILs’ surface activity and ability to form micelles. For that, the demulsification efficacy (DE) of these AILs was explored using different factors affecting, e.g., AIL dose, settling time (ST), water content, and temperature. The results indicated that the AIL hydrophobicity resulting from the longer alkyl chain could improve AIL DE. Moreover, increased AIL dose, ST, water content, and temperature improved DE.
Investigating the impact of notch shapes on oxide–oxide ceramic matrix composites strength: A computational approach
Authors: Ramachandran Karthikeyan , Soni Aayushi , Jayaseelan Doni Daniel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study utilizes finite element analysis (FEA) to explore the effect of standardized notch shapes—triangular, circular, and rectangular on the tensile behavior of oxide–oxide (O–O) ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) across various temperature ranges. Findings reveal that unnotched samples exhibited a superior equivalent stress of ∼425 MPa, closely aligning with experimental values. However, under elevated temperatures of 1000°C and 1200°C, degradation occurs, reaching up to 54% decrease at 1200°C. Notched samples demonstrate similar behavior, with all notches acting as stress concentrators. Analysis of single and double notches highlights that circular notches have the most significant stress concentrators due to their smooth surfaces and lack of sharp edges, in contrast to rectangular and triangular notches. Although all notch types influence stress concentration, the absence of non‐sharp corners in circular notches limit stress dissipation, resulting in higher stress concentrations. This trend persists under high temperature as well. The study emphasizes the critical need for a thorough assessment of notch effects, considering their position, orientation, shape, and size, as they significantly affect the mechanical properties of O–O CMCs.
Role of Solvent and Noncovalent Interactions in Alkaline Reactivity of Strained and Strain‐Free Macrocyclic Disulfides
Authors: Dopieralski Przemyslaw , Bil Andrzej 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study employs ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the impact of solvent and noncovalent interactions on the structure‐reactivity relationship of both strain‐free and strained macrocyclic disulfides. Our findings reveal that interactions with water as a solvent significantly influence the minimum energy geometry structures of both conformers of the studied macrocycle. In particular, our simulations identify short contacts, specifically S⋅⋅⋅π‐aromatic interactions, which suppress reactivity for the strained isomer by obstructing the reaction cone at the minimum free energy. Surprisingly, the free energy barriers for the disulfide reaction with a simple nucleophile (OH− anion) remain very similar, despite one conformer having a markedly more strained disulfide bond than the other. Enhanced molecular dynamics simulations in an explicit solution elucidate this apparent contradiction by revealing different solvent exposures of the two sulfur atoms in the macrocycles.
Electron Donor‐Acceptor Complex‐Assisted Photochemical Conversion of O‐2‐Nitrobenzyl Protected Hydroxamates to Amides
Authors: Gerogiannopoulou Anna‐Dimitra D. , Mountanea Olga G. , Routsi E. Alexandros , Tzeli Demeter , Kokotos Christoforos G. , Kokotos George 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe hydroxamic acid functionality is present in various medicinal agents and has attracted special interest for synthetic transformations in both organic and medicinal chemistry. The N−O bond cleavage of hydroxamic acid derivatives provides an interesting transformation for the generation of various products. We demonstrate, herein, that O‐benzyl‐type protected hydroxamic acids may undergo photochemical N−O bond cleavage, in the presence or absence of a catalyst, leading to amides. Although some O‐benzyl protected aromatic hydroxamates may be photochemically converted to amides in the presence of a base and anthracene as the catalyst, employing O‐2‐nitrobenzyl group allowed the smooth conversion of both aliphatic and aromatic hydroxamates to primary or secondary amides in good to excellent yields in the presence of an amine, bypassing the need of a catalyst. DFT and UV‐Vis studies supported the effective generation of an electron donor‐acceptor (EDA) complex between O‐2‐nitrobenzyl hydroxamates and amines, which enabled the successful product formation under these photochemical conditions. An extensive substrate scope was demonstrated, showcasing that both aliphatic and aromatic hydroxamates are compatible with this protocol, affording a wide variety of primary and secondary amides.
The American Cancer Society National Lung Cancer Roundtable strategic plan: Methods for improving turnaround time of comprehensive biomarker testing in non–small cell lung cancer
Authors: Roy‐Chowdhuri Sinchita , Mani Haresh , Fox Adam H. , Tsao Anne , Sholl Lynette M. , Farjah Farhood , Johnson Bruce E. , Osarogiagbon Raymond U. , Rivera M. Patricia , Silvestri Gerard A. , Smith Robert A. , Wistuba Ignacio I. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractComprehensive biomarker testing for patients with non–small cell lung cancer is critical for selecting appropriate targeted therapy or immunotherapy. Ensuring timely ordering, processing, and reporting is key to optimizing patient outcomes. However, various factors can prevent or delay patients from being offered the option of treatment selection based on comprehensive biomarker testing. These factors include problems with access to testing, tissue adequacy, turnaround time, and health insurance coverage and billing practices. Turnaround time depends on several logistical and tissue handling factors, which involve institutional policies, processes, resources, testing methodology, and testing algorithms that vary across different practices. In this article, the authors identify key factors that prolong biomarker testing turnaround time, propose strategies to reduce it, and present a process map to aid physicians and key organizational stakeholders in improving testing efficiency.
Controllable Multilayer of High‐performance Si/C Anode Materials Synthesized at Low Temperature from Industrial Ca‐Si Alloy and CCl4 for Lithium‐ion Batteries
Authors: Zhao Xinghao , Yu Kai , Ning Zhiqiang , Song Qiushi , Xie Hongwei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA simple and energy‐saving synthesis process for the high‐performance Si/C anode material of lithium‐ion batteries is advantageous for application. In this paper, the layered Si/C composite was synthesized by a low temperature one‐pot synthesis from industrial Ca−Si alloy and CCl4. The effect of synthesis temperature on the structure and performance of the products was investigated. We found that low temperature favors to the multilayer structure of Si/C. Taking the advantage of the layered structure, the Si/C‐300 anode material prepared at the temperature of 300 °C has good electrochemical performance of a reversible capacity of more than 1000 mAh g−1 at a current density of 2 A g−1 for 300 cycles, with a capacity retention ratio of 82.8 %, and an ICE of 77.0 %. At a high current density of 6 A g−1, the specific discharge capacity of 721.6 mAh g−1 can be achieved. The synthesis method provides a promising route to high performance silicon‐carbon anode materials.
EBWO‐GE: An innovative approach to dynamic VM consolidation for cloud data centers
Authors: Goyal Sahul , Awasthi Lalit Kumar 
Published: September 2024

SummaryCloud data centers (CDCs) have revolutionized global computing by offering extensive storage and processing capabilities. Nevertheless, the environmental impact of these processes, including their substantial energy consumption and carbon emissions, calls for implementing more efficient techniques. Efficient virtual machine (VM) consolidation is crucial in optimizing resource utilization and reducing energy consumption. Current methods for enhancing energy efficiency often lead to issues such as service level agreements (SLAs) violations and quality of services (QoS) degradation. This study presents a novel approach to host selection using a grey‐extreme (GE) machine learning model, which accurately predicts over and underutilized hosts. In addition, a VM placement technique called enhanced black widow optimization (EBWO) utilizes black widow optimization heuristic techniques and a differential evolutionary approach to optimize VM placement. The proposed dynamic VM consolidation technique optimizes energy utilization while meeting strict SLA requirements and enhancing QoS metrics in CDCs. Extensive analyses were conducted using the Cloudsim toolkit to validate the approach's effectiveness. These analyses encompassed conditions such as random workloads in heterogeneous environments. The simulation results showed that GE‐EBWO outperforms other techniques and improves energy efficiency by 12%–15%. In addition, it significantly decreases VM migrations by 11%–14% compared to other advanced methods. The study validates the practicality of the proposed technique in moving towards environmentally friendly CDCs.
Evaluating genetic diversity and seed composition stability within Pan‐African Soybean Variety Trials
Authors: De Meyer Elizabeth , Prenger Elizabeth , Mahmood Anser , da Fonseca Santos Michelle , Chigeza Godfree , Song Qijian , Mwadzingeni Learnmore , Mukaro Ronica , Chibanda Mwila , Mabuyaye Gorden , Diers Brian , Scaboo Andrew 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGiven high animal protein costs, protein deficiency is a prevalent form of malnutrition in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] can provide a cheaper high‐quality protein source and fortify lysine‐limited cereal‐based diets. Breeding soybean for seed composition in SSA requires understanding genotype by environment interactions (G × E). African breeding programs submit cultivars for evaluation in the Pan‐African Soybean Variety Trials (PATs), providing the opportunity to examine G × E across diverse environments. With PAT data, we conducted additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and genotype plus genotype‐by‐environment (GGE) biplot analyses on seed protein and oil content of 17 cultivars grown with two replications in nine environments across Zimbabwe. Across environments, protein ranged from 322.8 to 445.1 g kg−1 and oil ranged from 164.8 to 242.7 g kg−1. For protein AMMI analysis, MAKWACHA performed best for both stability and a combination of stability plus content. For oil AMMI analysis, SC SPIKE performed best for stability and KALEYA performed best for a combination of stability plus content. GGE biplot analyses identified three different mega‐environments for protein and oil, with SC EXPT2, KALEYA, and SC EXPT1 having highest protein content and TGX 2002‐9FM, LUKANGA, and SC EXPT3 having highest oil content. We also evaluated genetic diversity of 19 PAT cultivars through phylogenetic analyses with 1059 USDA Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) diversity panel accessions. We recommend stable and adaptable PAT cultivars to breeders and producers while highlighting genetically distinct accessions with valuable traits as a resource for breeding programs.