bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation and Regulation of DNA Nanostructures on Activating cGAS‐STING Signaling
Authors: Zou Kexuan , Zhang Pengfei , Wang Yuqi , Liu Yan , Ji Bin , Zhan Pengfei , Song Jie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDNA nanostructures have shown great potential in biomedical fields. However, the immune responses, especially the activation of the cGAS‐STING signaling (A‐cGSs), induced by DNA nanostructures, remain incompletely understood. Here, the ability of various DNA nanostructures from double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA), single‐stranded tiles (SSTs) to DNA origami is investigated on A‐cGSs. Unlike natural dsDNA which triggers potent A‐cGSs, the structural interconnectivity of various DNA configurations can substantially reduce the occurrence of A‐cGSs, irrespective of their form, dimensions, and conformation. However, wireframe DNA nanostructures can activate the cGAS‐STING signaling, suggesting that decreasing A‐cGSs is dsDNA compactness‐dependent. Based on this, a reconfigurable DNA Origami Domino Array (DODA) is used to systematically interrogate how dsDNA influences the A‐cGSs and demonstrates that the length, number, and space of dsDNA array coordinately influence the activation level of cGAS‐STING signaling, realizing a regulation of innate immune response. The above data and findings enhance the understanding of how DNA nanostructures affect cellular innate immune responses and new insights into the modulation of innate immune responses by DNA nanomedicine.
Electronic Engineering of Crystalline/Amorphous CoP/FeCoPx Nanoarrays for Efficient Water Electrolysis
Authors: Zhang Jinyang , Zhang Yujing , Zhou Jiayi , Guo Haoran , Qi Limin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe development of bifunctional, non‐noble metal‐based electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) through morphology and electronic engineering is highly attractive for efficient water splitting. Herein, hierarchical nanoarrays consisting of crystalline cobalt phosphide nanorods covered by amorphous Fe‐doped cobalt phosphide nanocuboids (CoP/FeCoPx) are constructed as bifunctional catalysts for both HER and OER. Experimental results and theoretical calculations reveal that the catalysts exhibit balanced dual‐catalytic properties due to simultaneous introduction of Fe doping and phosphorus vacancies, leading to an optimized electronic structure of the CoP/FeCoPx. Furthermore, the hierarchical nanoarrays made of crystalline/amorphous heterostructures significantly enhance the performance of the electrocatalysts. As a result, the CoP/FeCoPx catalyst demonstrates remarkable performance in both HER and OER, with overpotentials of 74 and 237 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in 1 m KOH, respectively, as well as a low cell voltage of 1.53 V at 10 mA cm−2 for alkaline overall water splitting. This work integrates the morphology engineering involving design of hierarchical crystalline/amorphous nanoarrays and the electronic engineering through Fe doping and phosphorus vacancies for efficient water electrolysis. It may open a new route toward rational design and feasible fabrication of high‐performance, multifunctional, non‐noble metal‐based electrocatalysts for energy conversion.
Transabdominal ultrasound finding of gastric lipoma
Authors: Sirlyn Quanson , Upton Anthony 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGastric lipomas are uncommon; as they grow, they can potentially prolapse into the pyloric canal and cause gastric outlet obstruction, ulceration and gastrointestinal bleeding. Ultrasound features of Gastric lipomas are generally displayed as a well‐defined, oval shape with consistent fat density. Sonographers should uphold a high level of vigilance for the detection of these tumours, particularly in patients who present with mid‐epigastric pain, indigestion and postprandial vomiting. Timely diagnosis and appropriate management are imperative for optimising patient outcomes.
Determining the relationship between pre-plant Verticillium dahliae inoculum densities and development of Verticillium wilt of tomatoes
Authors: Retief Estianne , Lamprecht Sandra , McLeod Adele 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Verticillium dahliae is an economically important soilborne pathogen of tomato of which the microsclerotial inoculum can survive in the soil for extended periods of time. Previous studies, including two studies on tomato, reported that pre-plant microsclerotia soil densities can sometimes, but not always, predict the incidence or severity of Verticillium wilt. The overall objective of the study was to determine if V. dahliae pre-plant microsclerotia densities can be used as a predictive tool for the development of Verticillium wilt of tomatoes. A published qPCR assay was optimised and could detect 4.20 fg V. dahliae DNA (0.16 microsclerotia/g soil) from tomato field soils. There were no noticeable variations in the average number of microsclerotia per hectare across five commercial tomato fields, regardless of whether a high density (four composite samples from 20 soil cores/ha), medium density (four composite samples from 12 soil cores/ha), or low density (one composite sample from five soil cores/ha) sampling method was employed. A highly intensive sampling strategy (20 independently analysed soil cores/ha) was investigated for its predictive value in disease development since it allowed for correlation analyses to be conducted. A significant correlation (r = 0.578, P = 0.008) was evident between the number of microsclerotia pre-plant and disease severity during the season in only one of the three investigated fields; no correlation existed with yield. A glasshouse plant bioassay, using specific quantities of inoculated microsclerotia, established that the microsclerotia threshold required for significant disease development was five microsclerotia/g soil (283.8 fg DNA/g soil). However, one and two microsclerotia/g soil, although not causing significant symptoms, were able to sometimes infect the plants. This study showed that pre-plant V. dahliae soil densities do not have a disease predictive value in tomato, and that plant infection can develop at very low soil inoculum densities.
Preliminary Insight Into Torsion of Additively-Manufactured Polylactic Acid (PLA)-Based Polymers
Authors: Sadaghian H. , Khodadoost S. , Seifiasl A. , Buswell R. A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Polymers in practical applications often face diverse torsional loads, such as polymeric gears, couplings, scaffolds, etc. Meanwhile, additive manufacturing enables the creation of intricate geometries for specific needs and its application to fabricate various component parts has grown exponentially. Nevertheless, research on cyclic and reversed cyclic torsional loading of additively-manufactured polymers is very limited.

Objective
Mechanical characterization of monotonic, cyclic, and reversed cyclic torsion in polylactic acid (PLA), PLA Premium, and PLA Tough materials.

Methods
Specimens were 3D-printed with a 0° build orientation using an extrusion technique and two infill orientation angles (± 45° and 0°/90°). Specimens were subjected to underwent monotonic, cyclic, and reversed cyclic torsion until failure.

Results
Regardless of material type, ductile fracture governed the behavior under monotonic loading and brittle failure under cyclic and reversed cyclic loadings. Specimens with a ± 45° infill orientation outperformed their 0°/90° counterparts across all materials, with PLA Premium exhibiting superior performance compared to PLA and PLA Tough. Importantly, it was demonstrated that the previously-proposed multilinear idealized shear stress-shear strain curve, developed for monotonic loading of 15 different polymers, also applies to the envelope curves of cyclic and reversed cyclic loading in PLA-based polymers. Thus, it is useful as material model input for numerical simulation purposes.
Predicting Short Time-to-Crime Guns: a Machine Learning Analysis of California Transaction Records (2010–2021)
Authors: Laqueur Hannah S. , Smirniotis Colette , McCort Christopher 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGun-related crime continues to be an urgent public health and safety problem in cities across the US. A key question is: how are firearms diverted from the legal retail market into the hands of gun offenders? With close to 8 million legal firearm transaction records in California (2010–2020) linked to over 380,000 records of recovered crime guns (2010–2021), we employ supervised machine learning to predict which firearms are used in crimes shortly after purchase. Specifically, using random forest (RF) with stratified under-sampling, we predict any crime gun recovery within a year (0.2% of transactions) and violent crime gun recovery within a year (0.03% of transactions). We also identify the purchaser, firearm, and dealer characteristics most predictive of this short time-to-crime gun recovery using SHapley Additive exPlanations and mean decrease in accuracy variable importance measures. Overall, our models show good discrimination, and we are able to identify firearms at extreme risk for diversion into criminal hands. The test set AUC is 0.85 for both models. For the model predicting any recovery, a default threshold of 0.50 results in a sensitivity of 0.63 and a specificity of 0.88. Among transactions identified as extremely risky, e.g., transactions with a score of 0.98 and above, 74% (35/47 in the test data) are recovered within a year. The most important predictive features include purchaser age and caliber size. This study suggests the potential utility of transaction records combined with machine learning to identify firearms at the highest risk for diversion and criminal use soon after purchase.
Pore pressure estimation of the calcareous formations in the Middle Magdalena Valley Basin, Colombia
Authors: Rivera Melina , Montes Luis Alfredo , Castillo Luis Antonio 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe reliable prediction of pore pressure is essential for petroleum engineering in its different stages, with the Eaton and Bowers' methods being the most used for this purpose. However, their application in carbonate rocks still needs to be improved because carbonates do not compact uniformly with depth, as shale does. This research calculated the pore pressure using the Eaton, Bowers, and Weakley methods and well logs of a carbonate formation and found that the Weakley's approach predicts pressure more accurately. The method presented uses an acoustic impedance equation derived from the Bowers' method, whose parameters were calibrated with the Weakley's pore pressure profile. The pore pressure estimated near the borehole, via the acoustic impedance provided by the pre-stack inversion, is very close to that observed during drilling, which indicates a reliable prediction. The method was applied to a seismic line and well logs in the Middle Magdalena Valley Basin—Colombia, where the overpressured well Lizama 158 caused a significant environmental disaster in 2018. The obtained subsurface pore pressure distribution is reliable, matches overpressure in calcareous rocks near the well, and estimates anomalous pressure in zones distant from the well.
In vitro regeneration protocol for endemic Campanula leblebicii Yıldırım
Authors: Kartal Yasemin , Sevindik Başar , Pirhan Ademi Fahri 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCampanula leblebicii, discovered by Yıldırım, is found only in the village of Ovacık in the Kemalpaşa district of İzmir province, and it is one of the valuable endemic species for Turkey flora. Petiole and leaf explants were cultured on full-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 30.0 g L−1 sucrose; 4.0 g L−1 Gelrite; 0.3 mg L−1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, or 3.0 mg L−1 zeatin (ZEA); and 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, or 3.0 mg L−1 6-benzyladenine (BA) for callus initiation. To obtain shoot formation, callus was transferred to full-strength MS medium containing 0.3 mg L−1 NAA; 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, or 3.0 mg L−1 gibberellic acid (GA3); and 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 mg L−1 BA. Efficient callus (93.33%) and shoot formation (73.33) were observed from petiole explants cultured on MS medium containing 0.3 mg L−1 NAA and 1.0 mg L−1 BA. Rooting was obtained spontaneously in all shoot initiation medium, but efficient rooting occurred on MS medium supplemented with 0.3 mg L−1 NAA and 1.0 mg L−1 BA. Plants were acclimatized to the pots including sterile peat and perlite (1:1, v/v), and, in total, 12 plants were acclimatized from one genotype.
Detection of substance use in clinical forensic cases: urine analysis of victims and perpetrators
Authors: Heinsvig Pia Johansson , Holler Katinka Rønnow , Lindholst Christian , Nielsen Trine Skov 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the prevalence of substance use among victims and perpetrators involved in clinical forensic cases. Urine samples from 455 individuals aged 18 and above, collected in 2019, were analyzed using two LC-MS-based analytical methods and an HS-GC-FID method for the most frequently reported substances of abuse and medication. Data from case documents, encompassing gender, age, and the individual’s role, were recorded in a database. Both the urine samples and the information from case documents were fully anonymized. The most frequently detected substance was alcohol (37% of all cases), followed by cannabis (22% of all cases) and central nervous system stimulants (24% of all cases). Other classes of substances detected included benzodiazepines, anabolic steroids, antipsychotic agents, and antidepressants. No drugs or alcohol were detected in 32% of the victims and 19% of the perpetrators. The study also examines the interrelationship of drug patterns between victims and perpetrators, and results show that both parties were influenced by substances at the time of the incident. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the use of substances between perpetrators of blunt and sharp force cases and perpetrators in cases of sexual assault. Timely sample collection and a structured toxicological analysis of both victims and perpetrators in the same case are vital in clinical forensic cases to enhance comprehension of the connection between criminal activities and substance use. This understanding enables the development of prevention strategies at an informed level.
Current diagnostic and quantitative techniques in the field of lymphedema management: a critical review
Authors: Vargo Mary , Aldrich Melissa , Donahue Paula , Iker Emily , Koelmeyer Louise , Crescenzi Rachelle , Cheville Andrea 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLymphedema evaluation entails multifaceted considerations for which options continue to evolve and emerge. This paper provides a critical review of the current status of diagnostic and quantitative measures for lymphedema, from traditional and novel bedside assessment tools for volumetric and fluid assessment, to advanced imaging modalities. Modalities are contrasted with regard to empirical support and feasibility of clinical implementation. The manuscript proposes a grid framework for comparing the ability of each modality to quantify specific lymphedema characteristics, including distribution, dysmorphism, tissue composition and fluid content, lymphatic anatomy and function, metaplasia, clinical symptoms, and quality of life and function. This review additionally applies a similar framework approach to consider how well assessment tools support important clinical needs, including: (1) screening, (2) diagnosis and differential diagnosis, (3) individualization of treatment, and (4) monitoring treatment response. The framework highlights which clinical needs are served by an abundance of assessment tools and identifies others that have problematically few. The framework clarifies which tools have greater or lesser empirical support. The framework is designed to assist stakeholders in selecting appropriate diagnostic and surveillance modalities, gauging levels of confidence when applying tools to specific clinical needs, elucidating overarching patterns of diagnostic and quantitative strengths and weaknesses, and informing future investigation.
Potential prognostic biomarker SERPINA12: implications for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yang Huan , Kong Panpan , Hou Songyu , Dong Xiaogang , Abula Imamumaimaitijiang , Yan Dong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most prevalent malignant tumors, exhibiting a high morbidity and mortality rate. The mechanism of its occurrence and development requires further study. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of SERPINA12 in the diagnosis, prognosis prediction and biological function within HCC.

Methods
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data were employed to analyze the relationship between clinical features and SERPINA12 expression in HCC. Kaplan–Meier curves were utilized to analyze the correlation between SERPINA12 expression and prognosis in HCC. The function of SERPINA12 was determined by enrichment analysis, and the relationship between SERPINA12 expression and immune cell infiltration was investigated. The expression of SERPINA12 was examined in 75 patients with HCC using RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry, and survival analysis was performed.

Results
The expression of SERPINA12 from TCGA database was found to be significantly higher in HCC tissues than in normal tissues and carried a poor prognosis. ROC curve demonstrated the diagnostic potential of SERPINA12 for HCC. The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that pathologic T stage, tumor status, and SERPINA12 expression were independently associated with patient survival. The SERPINA12 expression was found to correlate with immune cell infiltration. Our RT-qPCR and immunohistochemical analysis revealed high expression of SERPINA12 in tumor tissues. Survival analysis indicated its association with poor prognosis.

Conclusion
SERPINA12 is a promising biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis, and it is associated with immune cell infiltration.
Child Psychological Adjustment in Planned Gay Father Families: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Carone Nicola , Cruciani Gianluca , Quintigliano Maria , Baiocco Roberto , Lingiardi Vittorio 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The increase in gay fatherhood through adoption, surrogacy, and coparenting arrangements (i.e., “planned gay father families”) worldwide has turned a spotlight onto the impact of parental gender and sexual orientation on children’s psychological adjustment. The present meta-analysis compared the scores of children of gay fathers on standardized indexes of psychological adjustment with normative data and examined possible differences in children’s psychological adjustment between planned gay father families and heterosexual parent families.

Methods
Following PRISMA guidelines, the databases PsycInfo, PsycArticles, Scopus, and ProQuest were searched for peer-reviewed articles and grey literature (e.g., dissertations) in the English language that were published (or made available, in the case of grey literature) in or before October 2023 (with a further check in July 2024). From a total of 1993 results, 17 papers assessing children’s adjustment using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire or the Child Behavior Checklist were reviewed. Collectively, these papers provided 54 effect sizes estimated across 1509 participants (n = 628 children of gay fathers; n = 881 children of heterosexual parents).

Results
All children scored below the clinical range for psychopathological symptoms when compared with normative data. Also, regardless of the path to parenthood, children of gay fathers displayed significantly better adjustment than children of heterosexual parents (Hedges’ g = −0.20, 95% CI [−0.29, −0.10], p < .001). Child’s assigned sex at birth (p = .048) and age (p = .005), as well as parent education (p = .003), were significant moderators.

Conclusions
Planned gay father families constitute a healthy context for children to flourish, disconfirming widespread assumptions that gay fathers are less suited to parenthood than heterosexual parents.

Policy Implication
The results emphasize to policymakers and practitioners that supportive environments and reduced discrimination at both interpersonal and institutional levels are crucial for the healthy psychological adjustment of children of gay fathers.
Association between cMIND diet and hypertension among older adults in China: a nationwide survey
Authors: Wang Yazhu , Zhang Yu , Zeng Xinrong , Xian Xiaobing , Chen Jingyu , Niu Tengfei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Existing research indicates that the Mediterranean diet has a positive impact on preventing and treating hypertension. However, its specific effect on hypertension among elderly Chinese individuals is unclear.

Aims
The objective of this research was to explore the association between the Chinese version of the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (cMIND) diet and hypertension among elderly Chinese individuals, aiming to offer novel strategies for alleviating the burden of hypertension in this demographic.

Methods
In this study, we used cross-sectional data published in 2018 by the China Longitudinal Health and Longevity Survey (CLHLS) to develop a binary logistic regression model to investigate the correlation between cMIND diet and hypertension in a Chinese elderly population. Restricted cubic spline was used to test for linear associations, and further subgroup analyses were performed to test for interactions.

Results
In total, 7,103 older adults were included in the study, with a prevalence of hypertension of 39.0%. When the cMIND diet score was used as a continuous variable, a significant protective effect against hypertension was present (OR = 0.955, 95% CI:0.923–0.988, p = 0.008); when used as a categorical variable, this protective effect was still present at higher levels (compared to lower levels) of the cMIND diet (OR = 0.869, 95% CI: 0.760–0.995, p = 0.042).

Discussion
Although the Mediterranean diet has great potential to reduce the chance of hypertension, it should also consider the effect on the Chinese population. The results of this study provide new ways to reduce the disease burden of hypertension in Chinese older adults and improve quality of life in later life.

Conclusion
The cMIND diet can considerably reduce the risk of hypertension among older adults in China.
Reinforced Lyapunov controllers for low-thrust lunar transfers
Authors: Holt Harry , Baresi Nicola , Armellin Roberto 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFuture missions to the Moon and beyond are likely to involve low-thrust propulsion technologies due to their propellant efficiency. However, these still present a difficult trajectory design problem, owing to the near continuous thrust, lack of control authority and chaotic dynamics. Lyapunov control laws can generate sub-optimal trajectories for such missions with minimal computational cost and are suitable for feasibility studies and as initial guesses for optimisation methods. In this work a Reinforced Lyapunov Controller is used to design optimal low-thrust transfers from geostationary transfer orbit towards lunar polar orbit. Within the reinforcement learning (RL) framework, a dual-actor network setup is used, one in each of the Earth- and Moon-centred inertial frames respectively. A key contribution of this paper is the demonstration of a forwards propagated trajectory, removing the need to define a patch point a priori. This is enabled by an adaptive patch distance and extensive initial geometry exploration during the RL training. Results for both time- and fuel-optimal transfers are presented, along with a Monte Carlo analysis of the robustness to disturbances for such transfers. Phasing is introduced where necessary to aid rendezvous with the Moon. The results demonstrate the potential for such techniques to provide a basis for the design and guidance of low-thrust lunar transfers.