bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anion Gap as a Determinant of Ionized Fraction of Divalent Cations in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Sakaguchi Yusuke , Hamano Takayuki , Kubota Keiichi , Oka Tatsufumi , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Matsumoto Ayumi , Hashimoto Nobuhiro , Mori Daisuke , Obi Yasue , Matsui Isao , Isaka Yoshitaka 
Published: November 2017

Background and objectives
Circulating levels of anions that bind to magnesium and calcium are often altered in patients with CKD. However, it is unknown how these alterations affect the ionized fraction of magnesium and calcium.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
This cross-sectional study involved patients on maintenance hemodialysis and patients not on dialysis who visited the outpatient department of nephrology. We collected whole-blood samples to measure ionized magnesium and calcium concentrations. Adjusted anion gap was calculated as an integrative index of unmeasured anions.

Results
A total of 118 patients on hemodialysis and 112 patients not on dialysis were included. Although the prevalence of hypermagnesemia defined by total magnesium was much higher in patients on hemodialysis than in patients not on dialysis (69% versus 12%; P<0.001), the prevalence of hypermagnesemia defined by ionized magnesium did not differ significantly (13% versus 18%; P=0.28). Among patients on hemodialysis with high total magnesium, 83% had normal or low ionized magnesium. Consequently, the mean ionized fraction of magnesium in patients on hemodialysis was significantly lower than that in patients not on dialysis (51% versus 63%; P<0.001). Similarly, the mean ionized fraction of calcium in patients on hemodialysis was lower than that in patients not on dialysis (55% versus 56%; P<0.001). In patients on hemodialysis who had a higher adjusted anion gap than patients not on dialysis (mean [SD]: 14.1 [2.2] versus 5.1 [3.1]), the ionized fractions of magnesium and calcium were inversely associated with the adjusted anion gap. Furthermore, the anion gap significantly improved predictions of ionized magnesium and calcium in patients on hemodialysis.

Conclusions
Anions that accumulate in patients on hemodialysis contribute to the lower ionized fraction of magnesium and calcium. Equations that incorporate the anion gap provide better predictions of ionized magnesium and calcium in patients on hemodialysis.
El Servicio Profesional Docente y las licenciaturas en ciencias de la educación. Elementos para el análisis
Authors: Cordero-Arroyo Graciela , Salmerón-Castro Ana-María 
Published: November 2017

Entre las modificaciones legislativas que han acompañado a la nueva reforma educativa mexicana, el artículo 24 de la Ley General del Servicio Profesional Docente ha abierto la posibilidad de que nuevas profesiones con perfiles pedagógicos o afines se incorporen a las tareas magisteriales en los niveles de preescolar y primaria. La nueva disposición legislativa da por sentada una suerte de homologación de los perfiles profesionales de maestros normalistas y egresados de licenciaturas en educación o pedagogía. El texto que presentamos intenta, por un lado, dar cuenta de algunas de las razones lógicas y empíricas que resisten la posibilidad de afirmar tal homologación; por otro lado, avanza en la previsión de algunas de las consecuencias esperables de la aplicación de esta disposición jurídica. El análisis se ilustra con la revisión de los resultados de la convocatoria de ingreso al Servicio Profesional Docente de los egresados de la licenciatura en ciencias de la educación de una universidad pública estatal.
Proyecto de investigación aplicada: automatización vertical
Authors: Seigubbar Güiza José 
Published: November 2017

Se describe el proyecto de investigación aplicada diseño y desarrollo de un prototipo de arquitectura de control integrado para las máquinas de transformación de plásticos del taller del Centro de Desarrollo Tecnológico y Asistencia Técnica a la Industria CDT ASTIN del SENA regional, este proyecto se llevó acabo en tres años comprendidos entre 1999 y 2001.
Sustituir materiales significa modificar la pieza: análisis de las piezas moldeadas al sustituir aleaciones metálicas de fundición a presión por polímeros de altas prestaciones reforzados con fibra.
Authors: Olz Robert , Cavic Milan , Schulz Thomas 
Published: November 2017

Los cálculos de simulación son de ayuda en el diseño de piezas técnicas y en las decisiones requeridas para la sustitución de materiales de fabricación. Las simulaciones se hacen indispensables, donde se buscó un diseño que se adapte al polímero y a la vez a condiciones de elevados esfuerzos mecánicos y altas exigencias de seguridad funcional. Se hizó una comparación de los costos de producción y la conveniencia de sustituir aleaciones de fundición a presión por polímeros de altas prestaciones
Acabado superficial
Authors: Sáenz P. Pedro María 
Published: November 2017

Las superficies presentan irregularidades ocasionadas en el proceso de fabricación, entre las que se encuentran: torneado, fresado, cepillado, rectificado, entre otras. Cada operación de mecanizado deja una textura de acabado, característica del proceso. Se presentan ejemplos de los símbolos que se han empleado para indicar características, procesos o tratamientos especiales en el acabado final de la superficie.
Manual de mantenimiento. Parte VI: Mantenimiento preventivo
Authors: Botero Camilo 
Published: November 2017

Se describen las caracteristicas del manual de mantenimiento donde se consignan todos los datos que se hayan codificado para agilizar el mantenimiento preventivo, tales como los colores y símbolos de lubricación y lo concerniente a las notas de mantenimiento preventivo.
Selección de cilindros y tornillos
Authors: Corporation Westland 
Published: November 2017

En el diseño y la fabricación de un tornillo se consideran cinco variaciones: la relación L/D, profundidad de los canales, relación de compresión, perfil y ángulo helicoidal. Existen también cinco factores relacionados con las resinas que tienen una influencia significativa en el diseño del tornillo y de los materiales que deberán ser usados en su fabricación: cristalinidad, conductividad térmica, sensibilidad de corte, viscosidad y aditivos. En este trabajo se describen cada una de esas características.
Effect of oral administration of meloxicam prior to transport on inflammatory mediators and leukoctye function of cattle at feedlot arrival
Authors: Capik Sarah F. , White Brad J. , Larson Robert L. , Van Engen Nicholas , Cernicchiaro Natalia , Engelken Terry J. , Lakritz Jeffrey , Ballou Michael A. , Hulbert Lindsey E. , Vann Rhonda C. , Caswell Jeff L. , Jacob Gabriella , Carroll Jeffery A. , Coetzee Johann F. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of meloxicam administration before long-distance transport on inflammatory mediators and leukocyte function of cattle at feedlot arrival.
ANIMALS 60 healthy yearling beef steers.
PROCEDURES Single-source steers were assigned to a transported (n = 40) or nontransported (20) group. Then, half of the steers within each group were assigned to receive meloxicam (1 mg/kg, PO) or a lactose placebo (1 bolus/steer, PO). All steers were transported approximately 1,300 km overnight to a feedlot; however, the nontransported group was moved before treatment (meloxicam or placebo) administration and allowed a 17-day acclimation period, whereas the transported group was moved immediately after treatment administration on day −1. Blood samples for measurement of inflammatory mediators and leukocyte function were collected from all steers on days −1, 0, and 3.
RESULTS For steers that received meloxicam, mean plasma meloxicam concentration for the transported group was significantly greater than that for the nontransported group on day 0. For steers that received the placebo, mean haptoglobin-matrix metalloproteinase-9 complex for the transported group was significantly greater than that for the nontransported group on day 0. Mean haptoglobin concentration, neutrophil L-selectin intensity, and polymorphonuclear leukocyte count for the transported group were significantly greater than those for the nontransported group. Mean substance P concentration for nontransported steers that received meloxicam was significantly lower than that for the other 3 treatment groups.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated meloxicam administration to healthy steers immediately before long-distance transport did not significantly mitigate the effects of transport-induced stress on leukocyte function or inflammatory markers.
Effect of bilateral ventriculocordectomy via ventral laryngotomy on laryngeal airway resistance in larynges of canine cadavers
Authors: Regier Penny J. , McCarthy Timothy C. , Monnet Eric 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of bilateral ventriculocordectomy via ventral laryngotomy on laryngeal airway resistance (LAR) in canine cadaver larynges.
SAMPLE 6 clinically normal canine cadaver larynges.
PROCEDURES LAR was determined for each specimen before (baseline) and after bilateral ventriculocordectomy with the epiglottis open and closed. After ventral laryngotomy was performed, the vocal cords were sharply excised, and the incised mucosal edges were apposed with 4-0 glycomer 631 suture in a simple continuous pattern. The thyroid cartilage was apposed with 3-0 polypropylene suture in a simple continuous pattern.
RESULTS With the epiglottis closed, baseline median LAR was 27.6 cm H2O/L/s (range, 21.2 to 30.6 cm H2O/L/s), which did not differ significantly from the median LAR after bilateral ventriculocordectomy (24.7 cm H2O/L/s [range, 20.6 to 27.7 cm H2O/L/s]). With the epiglottis open, baseline median LAR was 7.3 cm H2O/L/s (range, 5.4 to 7.8 cm H2O/L/s), which did not differ significantly from the median LAR after bilateral ventriculocordectomy (7.2 cm H2O/L/s [range, 6.6 to 7.6 cm H2O/L/s]).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Bilateral ventriculocordectomy did not affect LAR with an open epiglottis in canine cadaver larynges. Therefore, it may not be an effective treatment for laryngeal paralysis. It also did not affect LAR with a closed epiglottis, which may indicate protection against aspiration pneumonia.
ANALISIS SPASIAL PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN PERTANIAN UNTUK MENDUKUNG KEMANDIRIAN PANGAN DI KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU
Authors: Murdaning Murdaningsih 
Published: November 2017

<p>Kabupaten Indramayu di Provinsi Jawa Barat merupakan salah satu wilayah dengan tingkat konversi lahan pertanian cukup tinggi. Hal ini didorong oleh tingginya permintaan lahan untuk pembangunan fasilitas pendidikan, pemukiman, dan kegiatan perekonomian lainnya. Dinamika perubahan penggunaan lahan dapat diamati dari perubahan penggunaan lahan secara multi temporal. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data penggunaan lahan tahun 1994, 2008, dan 2015 yang bersumber dari foto udara tahun 1994, citra ikonos tahun 2008, SPOT 6 tahun 2015, dan data statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan lahan di Indramayu pada tahun 1994 didominasi oleh lahan sawah seluas 133.716 ha (65%). Penggunaan lahan lainnya yaitu tambak seluas 18.780 ha (9 %) dan permukiman seluas 16.627 ha (8%). Pada tahun 2015, luas lahan sawah turun menjadi 132. 097 ha (64%) dan pemukiman meningkat menjadi 18. 625 ha (9%). Dalam kurun waktu ini terjadi peningkatan area pemukiman dan penurunan luas lahan sawah yang cukup besar. Hasil perhitungan kebutuhan pangan di Indramayu dengan jumlah penduduk 1.708.551 jiwa dan konsumsi rata-rata 139 kg per kapita per tahun mencapai 237.488.589 kg.<strong></strong></p>
Ciclo precoce de maturação dos frutos e produtividade em genótipos de café derivadas de C1195-5-6-2
Authors: Andreazi Elder , Carducci Fernando Cesar , Sera Tumoru , Pereira Carlos Theodoro Motta , Mariucci Junior Valdir , Carvalho Filipe Gimenez , Shigueoka Luciana Harumi , Santos Willian Gabriel dos , Fonseca Inês Cristina de Batista , Sera Gustavo Hiroshi 
Published: November 2017

<p><strong> </strong>O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar cafeeiros com ciclo de maturação precoce e muito precoce com alta produtividade, em progênies de café arábica portadoras de genes de <em>C. racemosa</em>. O experimento de campo foi instalado no IAPAR, em setembro de 2007, em Londrina, PR, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições e parcelas de cinco plantas no espaçamento de 2,5 x 0,5 m. Foram avaliadas 17 progênies F1RC6 derivadas de retrocruzamentos de diferentes genótipos de café arábica com uma planta F2 do genótipo C1195-5-6-2. Como padrões comparativos foram utilizadas as cultivares IAPAR 59, IPR 99 e Catuaí Vermelho IAC 81 que possuem, respectivamente, ciclos de maturação semiprecoce, semitardio e tardio. Foram avaliadas as características produção, vigor vegetativo e ciclo de maturação dos frutos. As avaliações de maturação e vigor foram realizadas através de escala de notas e a produtividade em volume de frutos. As progênies H0509, H0501, H0518, H0513, H0508, H0510, H0505, H0506, H0514 e H0504 foram mais precoces do que seus parentais. Entre elas, as progênies H0518, H0507 e H0508 foram mais produtivos do que as testemunhas e não diferiram estatisticamente quanto ao vigor vegetativo. Foram identificadas 10 progênies F1RC6 de café arábica, portadoras de genes de <em>C. racemosa</em> com potencial para se tornarem cultivares com ciclo precoce e muito precoce. A característica de ciclo precoce de maturação dos frutos de <em>C. racemosa</em>, presente no C1195-5-6-2, permaneceu após os diversos ciclos de cruzamento com <em>C. arabica</em>.<strong></strong></p>
ALBOR: um simulador didático para auxiliar no ensino e aprendizagem de instruções Assembly
Authors: Borth Marcelo Rafael , De Oliveira Aldo Sergio 
Published: November 2017

Alunos iniciam e ampliam seus conhecimentos com o hardware a partir da disciplina de Arquitetura de Computadores (AC), sendo que o estudo dessa disciplina é extensivo e complexo. Com o intuito de facilitar o entendimento dos estudantes e contribuir com o corpo docente na tarefa de ministrar aulas mais atrativas utilizam-se simuladores, permitindo que processos difíceis de serem entendidos sejam vistos por meio de vários níveis de abstração. Estudar conceitos complexos a partir de simuladores acelera o entendimento e faz diferença para o aluno prosseguir seus estudos. Seguindo esse princípio, esse artigo apresenta as principais características e recursos de um simulador desenvolvido que realiza simulação da execução das instruções assembly do MIPS. No simulador é possível visualizar graficamente o passo a passo das instruções para a execução de um programa.Palavras-chave: Simulador. MIPS. Arquitetura de Computadores.A didatic simulator for support teaching and learning Assembly instructionsStudents start and expand their knowledge with the hardware from the discipline of Computer Architecture (CA), and the study of CA is extensive and complex. In order to facilitate the understanding of the students and to contribute to the training classes a little more easier, is used simulators, allowing processes sometimes difficult to be understood to be seen through several levels of abstraction. Studying complex concepts from a simulator accelerates the understanding and make the difference for the student to continue his studies. Following this principle, this article shows the main characteristics and features of a full-fledged simulator that performs simulation based on the implementation of MIPS assembly instructions. On the simulator it is possible view graphically a step-by-step instructions for execution of a program.Keywords: Simulator. MIPS. Computer Architecture.
Les dénonciations publiques d'agressions sexuelles : du mauvais usage de la présomption d'innocence
Authors: Lessard Michaël 
Published: November 2017

Lorsqu'une victime dénonce son agresseur sur la place publique, certaines personnes tentent de la réduire au silence en invoquant le droit à la présomption d'innocence. Ce fut particulièrement évident en 2014, lors du mouvement #AgressionNonDénoncée ; ce le fut encore à l'automne 2015, alors que des femmes autochtones de Val-d'Or dénonçaient les agressions sexuelles commises à leur endroit par des policiers ; ce le fut aussi en 2016 à l'occasion de la dénonciation du député Gerry Sklavounos par Alice Paquet ; et l'argument légaliste réapparaît ainsi périodiquement sur la scène publique. Pourtant, peut-on vraiment bâillonner une victime en mettant de l'avant les droits de son agresseur ? L'auteur estime qu'il s'agit là d'un mauvais usage de la présomption d'innocence. Dans ce texte, il explique que la présomption d'innocence doit être replacée dans son contexte juridique. Le droit à la présomption d'innocence est un principe fondamental qui protège les accusés contre le pouvoir punitif de l'État. Il trouve uniquement application dans le processus pénal et n'est pas conçu pour être employé sur la scène publique. De plus, l'auteur explique que, dans le cadre du processus pénal, la présomption d'innocence favorise la création d'un espace de discussion où les parties peuvent débattre de la culpabilité. Pourtant, lorsqu'elle est invoquée sur la scène publique, elle ne fait que placer les victimes dans un processus violent de remise en question de leur crédibilité, tout en protégeant les agresseurs. Son invocation crée une atmosphère qui décourage les dénonciations. Le débat public dévie, laissant peu de place pour critiquer nos systèmes de plaintes dysfonctionnels et la culture du viol. En ce sens, la présomption d'innocence n'est pas invoquée afin d'établir un dialogue constructif, mais plutôt pour faire taire les critiques.
3D-Druck-Serviceplattform in der Instandhaltung
Authors: Austerjost Maximilian , Besenfelder Christoph , Niehues Stephanie , Wortmann Britta 
Published: November 2017

Kurzfassung
3D-Druck-Prozesse haben enormes Potenzial zur Veränderung zukünftiger Wertschöpfungsmuster. In dem Forschungsvorhaben IT’S DIGITIVE wird untersucht, wie 3D-Druck-basierte Services gestaltet, gesteuert, abgesichert und vor Manipulationen geschützt werden können. Die Schwerpunkte liegen auf dem Schutz des geistigen Eigentums und der Entwicklung von sicheren und vertrauenswürdigen Auftragsabwicklungsprozessen. Basierend auf den grundlegenden Anforderungen von Produktgewährleistung und Datenschutz werden am Beispiel zweier Use Cases entsprechende sicherheitstechnische Gegenmaßnahmen entwickelt und prototypisch in einer Dienstplattform für 3D-Druck-basierte Servicedienste als Demonstrator umgesetzt.
Simulation des Maschinen-verhaltens einer Verzahnungshonmaschine in MATLAB
Authors: Brecher Christian , Klocke Fritz , Kiesewetter Caroline , Schrank Maximilian , Epple Alexander , Löpenhaus Christoph 
Published: November 2017

Kurzfassung
Das Verzahnungshonen ist ein Hartfeinbearbeitungsverfahren, das zum Beispiel in der produktiven Großserienfertigung von Zahnrädern für die Automobilindustrie eingesetzt wird. Hierbei ist die vollständige Ausnutzung der theoretischen Leistungsfähigkeit der Maschinen anzustreben. Dies wird jedoch durch das Auftreten selbsterregter Schwingungen und dadurch entstehende Abweichungen von der geforderten Verzahnungsqualität behindert. Daher wird am WZL der RWTH Aachen untersucht, wie die Stabilität beim Verzahnungshonen vorhergesagt werden kann. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Ansatz zur Simulation des Maschinenverhaltens einer Verzahnungshonmaschine vorgestellt.
Perceptions of Work-Life Balance Practices Offered in the Collegiate Practice Setting
Authors: Mazerolle Stephanie M. , Eason Christianne M. , Eberman Lindsey E. 
Published: November 2017

Context:
Organizational factors have been identified as barriers to finding work-life balance (WLB) in athletic training. Despite the existence of organizational policies to address WLB, little is known about athletic trainers' (ATs') awareness of these policies that could assist them.

Objective:
To better understand the perceptions of ATs regarding the workplace practices available to them, which may help them achieve WLB.

Design:
Phenomenologic study.

Setting:
Collegiate practice setting.

Patients or Other Participants:
Twenty-one ATs (women = 10, men = 11) employed at the collegiate level (National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I = 12, Division II = 5, Division III = 4) volunteered for our study. The average age of the participants was 33 ± 9 years. Saturation of the data was met at n = 21.

Data Collection and Analysis:
Participants completed an in-depth, 1-on-1 phone interview, which was then transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using a phenomenologic approach. Credibility was determined by member checks, peer review, and researcher triangulation.

Results:
Our analyses revealed that participants (1) had a limited awareness of formal policies that were offered within their university or collegiate infrastructure; (2) used informal policies to manage their personal, family, and work obligations; and (3) thought that more formal policies, such as adherence to adequate staffing patterns and work schedules, could help establish WLB within collegiate athletic training settings.

Conclusions:
Informal workplace policies were more commonly used by our participants and were viewed as a means of creating a supportive atmosphere. Administrators and supervisors should consider creating or endorsing more formal policies specific to the demands of an AT in the collegiate setting to help with WLB.
A multi-tracer approach to constraining artesian groundwater discharge into an alluvial aquifer
Authors: Iverach Charlotte P. , Cendón Dioni I. , Meredith Karina T. , Wilcken Klaus M. , Hankin Stuart I. , Andersen Martin S. , Kelly Bryce F. J. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Understanding pathways of recharge to alluvial aquifers is important for maintaining sustainable access to groundwater resources. Water balance modelling is often used to proportion recharge components and guide sustainable groundwater allocations. However, it is not common practice to use hydrochemical evidence to inform and constrain these models. Here we compare geochemical versus water balance model estimates of artesian discharge into an alluvial aquifer, and demonstrate why multi-tracer geochemical analyses should be used as a critical component of water budget assessments. We selected a site in Australia where the Great Artesian Basin (GAB), the largest artesian basin in the world, discharges into the Lower Namoi Alluvium (LNA), an extensively modelled aquifer, to convey the utility of our approach. Water stable isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) and the concentrations of Na+ and HCO3− suggest a continuum of mixing in the alluvial aquifer between the GAB (artesian component) and surface recharge, whilst isotopic tracers (3H, 14C, and 36Cl) indicate that the alluvial groundwater is a mixture of groundwaters with residence times of < 70 years and groundwater that is potentially hundreds of thousands of years old, which is consistent with that of the GAB. In addition, Cl− concentrations provide a means to calculate a percentage estimate of the artesian contribution to the alluvial groundwater. In some locations, an artesian contribution of up to 70 % is evident from the geochemical analyses, a finding that contrasts with previous regional-scale water balance modelling estimates that attributed 22 % of all inflow for the corresponding zone within the LNA to GAB discharge. Our results show that hydrochemical investigations need to be undertaken as part of developing the conceptual framework of a catchment water balance model, as they can improve our understanding of recharge pathways and better constrain artesian discharge to an alluvial aquifer.