bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-year Results After Deep Sclerectomy With Nonabsorbable Uveoscleral Implant (Esnoper-Clip): Surgical Area Analysis Using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Romera-Romero Pau , Loscos-Arenas Jordi , Moll-Udina Aina , Romanic-Bubalo Nevena , Castellvi-Manent Jordi , Valldeperas Xavier 
Published: August 2017

Purpose:
To report 2-year results of deep sclerectomy (DS) with mitomycin C and the uveoscleral implant Esnoper-Clip (AJL Ophthalmics, Álava, Spain), a nonabsorbable hema implant, and the morphologic analysis of the surgical area with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Materials and Methods:
In total, 41 eyes of 41 patients with medically uncontrolled open angle glaucoma who underwent DS with the uveoscleral implant were included in this prospective interventional study. Patients were recruited and selected sequentially. All patients were followed at least for 12 months and 36 of them for 24 months. Absolute success was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP)≤18 mm Hg and ≥20% of IOP reduction without topical medication. Relative success was defined with the same criteria but with the addition of any antihypertensive medication. Primary outcomes were IOP decrease in the postoperative stage. Secondary outcomes were number of medication, best-corrected visual acuity changes, rate of goniopuncture, needle revision, and AS-OCT analysis of the bleb area. AS-OCT analysis, using Visante OCT, was performed at 1, 12, and 24 months.

Results:
Absolute success rate was 68.3% at 12 months and 61.1% at 2 years. Relative success was 78.0% and 71.4%, at 12 and 24 months, respectively. A significant IOP decrease was observed, from 27.3±6.3 to 14.9±4.4 mm Hg at 12 months and 15.3±5.2 mm Hg at 24 months (P<0.001). There was also a significant reduction in the number of medications, dropping from a mean of 2.5 to 0.28 one year and 0.36 two years after the surgery (P<0.001). Main postoperative complications were transient: 4 eyes with seidel phenomenon at 24 hours (10.3%), 3 hyphema (7.7%), and 1 choroidal detachment (2.6%). Mean intrascleral space height, measured by AS-OCT, was 0.78 mm and it showed a significant positive correlation with IOP at 12 months. Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser goniopuncture was performed in 25 eyes (61%) at 12 months and in 27 (66.8%) by 24 months.

Conclusions:
DS with the uveoscleral implant is a safe and effective procedure to lower IOP in open angle glaucoma patients. IOP reduction is maintained over 2 years and is correlated to the postoperative height of the intrascleral bleb. Supraciliary implantation reduces intrascleral lake dependency, being a simultaneous drainage alternative to the subconjunctival pathway.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Vessel Density Measurements in Eyes With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and Disc Hemorrhage
Authors: Rao Harsha L. , Pradhan Zia S. , Weinreb Robert N. , Dasari Srilakshmi , Riyazuddin Mohammed , Venugopal Jayasree P. , Puttaiah Narendra K. , Rao Dhanaraj A.S. , Devi Sathi , Mansouri Kaweh , Webers Carroll A.B. 
Published: August 2017

Purpose:
To compare the vessel density measurements of optic nerve head, peripapillary and macular regions in severity-matched primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) eyes with and without disc hemorrhage (DH) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography, and to compare their diagnostic abilities with that of the rim area, retinal nerve fiber layer and the ganglion cell complex thickness measurements on OCT.

Methods:
In a cross-sectional study, 66 eyes of 46 control subjects, 34 eyes of 33 POAG patients with DH (median mean deviation=−3.7 dB) and 63 eyes of 43 POAG patients without DH (median mean deviation=−3.8 dB) underwent imaging with spectral domain OCT. Area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) and 5sensitivities at 90% specificity of vessel density and structural measurements in POAG eyes with DH were compared with those in POAG eyes without DH.

Results:
Most of the vessel density and structural measurements were similar (P>0.05) in POAG eyes with and without DH. Whole enface vessel density of the disc scan and inferotemporal peripapillary vessel density showed the best AUC and sensitivity at 90% specificity both in POAG eyes with DH (0.82, 56% and 0.75, 59%) and without DH (0.91, 73% and 0.83, 67%). AUCs and sensitivities of vessel density and structural measurements of POAG eyes with and without DH were statistically similar (P>0.05).

Conclusions:
OCT angiography measured vessel densities and their diagnostic abilities in POAG eyes with and without DH were similar. This suggests that the cause of DH in POAG is unlikely to be vascular abnormality.
Safety Comparison of Laryngeal Mask Use With Endotracheal Intubation in Patients Undergoing Dacryocystorhinostomy Surgery
Authors: Dumas George A. , Bryant Ayesha S. , Ibey Justin , Long John A. , Vicinanzo Matthew G. , Boyd Gwendolyn L. 
Published: August 2017

Purpose:
This study will determine the safety of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) compared with endotracheal tube (ETT) in patients undergoing general anesthesia for dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery.

Methods:
In this retrospective cohort study, intraoperative and postoperative outcomes of patients who underwent DCR at UAB Callahan Eye Hospital using either LMA or ETT were compared.

Results:
Over a period of 52 months, 429 patients underwent external DCR surgery. An ETT was used in 37 patients and LMA in 392 patients. Baseline patient characteristics and anesthetic management were similar. No documented cases of blood or gastric aspiration occurred in the total cohort. Our study confirmed the findings of others that there is less cardiovascular lability on LMA placement than with ETT intubation.
1
A 30% increase in heart rate from baseline after intubation (ETT 10.8%, LMA 1.8%; p = 0.010) and after incision (ETT 8.1%, LMA 1.8%; p = 0.047) occurred more frequently in the ETT group. Airway management with an LMA was also less difficult compared with an ETT (ETT 5.7%, LMA 0.5%; p = 0.035).

Conclusions:
The use of an LMA for airway control is safe and effective in patients undergoing general anesthesia for DCR surgery. No events of aspiration occurred with LMA use. Heart rate increase was significantly less in the LMA group. In our opinion, use of an LMA for airway control during DCR surgery is superior to use of an ETT. Airway protection, improved hemodynamics, and less difficulty in placement of the laryngeal airway device are all validated by this study.
Spouse criticism and hostility during marital interaction: effects on pain intensity and behaviors among individuals with chronic low back pain
Authors: Burns John W. , Post Kristina M. , Smith David A. , Porter Laura S. , Buvanendran Asokumar , Fras Anne Marie , Keefe Francis J. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Individuals with chronic pain may experience negative responses from spouse, family, and friends. Responses such as overt criticism and hostility may be associated with worsening pain and function for chronic pain sufferers. We used a laboratory procedure to evaluate whether variability in spouse criticism/hostility exhibited toward chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients during a conflictual discussion predicted variability in patient pain and function during a subsequent pain-induction task. Chronic low back pain patients (n = 71) and their spouses (n = 71) participated in a 10-minute discussion followed by the patient undergoing a 10-minute structured pain behavior task (SPBT). Spouse criticism/hostility perceived by patients and patient Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI) scores correlated significantly and positively with pain intensity during the SPBT, whereas perceived spouse hostility, patient BDI scores, and spouse trait hostility correlated significantly and positively with observed pain behaviors during the SPBT. Spouse criticism/hostility coded by raters from video recordings interacted significantly with patient BDI scores, such that observed spouse criticism/hostility was related significantly and positively with pain behaviors only for patients with high BDI scores. Patient sex interacted significantly with observed spouse criticism/hostility, such that observed spouse criticism/hostility was related significantly and positively with pain behaviors only for female patients. Results support the hypothesis that spouse criticism and hostility—actually expressed or perceived—may worsen CLBP patient symptoms. Further, women patients and patients high in depressive symptoms appeared most vulnerable to spouse criticism/hostility. Thus, negative marital communication patterns may be appropriate targets for intervention, especially among these 2 at risk groups.
Predictive Value of Computed Tomography Scans and Clinical Findings for the Need of Endoscopic Necrosectomy in Walled-off Necrosis From Pancreatitis
Authors: Finkelmeier Fabian , Sturm Christian , Friedrich-Rust Mireen , Bojunga Jörg , Sarrazin Christoph , Tal Andrea , Hausmann Johannes , Zeuzem Stefan , Zangos Stephan , Albert Jörg , Farnik Harald 
Published: August 2017

Objectives
Choosing the best treatment option at the optimal point of time for patients with walled-off necrosis (WON) is crucial. We aimed to identify imaging parameters and clinical findings predicting the need of necrosectomy in patients with WON.

Methods
All patients with endoscopically diagnosed WON and pseudocyst were retrospectively identified. Post hoc analysis of pre-interventional contrast-enhanced computed tomography was performed for factors predicting the need of necrosectomy.

Results
Sixty-five patients were included in this study. Forty patients (61.5%) were diagnosed with pseudocyst and 25 patients (38.5%) with WON. Patients with WON mostly had acute pancreatitis with biliary cause compared with more chronic pancreatitis and toxic cause in pseudocyst group (P = 0.002 and P = 0.004, respectively). Logistic regression revealed diabetes as a risk factor for WON. Computed tomography scans revealed 4.62% (n = 3) patients as false positive and 24.6% (n = 16) as false negative findings for WON. Reduced perfusion and detection of solid findings were independent risk factors for WON.

Conclusions
Computed tomography scans are of low diagnostic yield when needed to predict treatment of patients with pancreatic cysts. Reduced pancreatic perfusion and solid findings seem to be a risk factor for WON, whereas patients with diabetes seem to be at higher risk of developing WON.
Off the Radar? Addressing housing disrepair to improve health in later life
Authors: Adams Susan Marie 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to highlight the pivotal role of initiatives that address housing disrepair, home improvements and adaptations as a way of improving health, independence and quality of life in older age.

Design/methodology/approach
The author uses data from housing and health, combined with the author’s experience of policy formulation as well as working with older people and developing practical services, particularly those which address private sector housing stock condition.

Findings
As well as its massive economic impact, housing greatly affects people’s health and wellbeing, not only in later life but across the life course. In England, there is a long history of systematic, government backed action to improve and maintain housing stock condition. There are significant economic and social gains from a coherent national response to addressing private sector housing disrepair, including creation of employment opportunities, economic stimulus through enabling best use of assets, as well as health and social care gains. In addition to increasing housing supply through building much needed new homes, existing housing stock disrepair needs once again to be “on the radar” of policy makers operating across health, social care and housing. Concerted action to make homes safe, healthy places to live in later life, whatever an older person’s tenure, requires vision and innovation and is an essential element in the integration of health, social care – and housing. With significant funding constraints in local authorities, especially for adult social care, and in the context of growing pressures on the NHS, sustaining good health in later life is more important than ever. There is a compelling case for cross-sector action to reduce health hazards in ordinary, private housing, given that 79 per cent of older people who live in non-decent homes are owner occupiers. This is an opportune moment for Health and Wellbeing Boards to take a lead on this issue at a local level, as well as time to put housing stock condition back “On the Radar” of national government policy.

Social implications
There is a need to embed practical housing services in the emerging integrated health and care systems in order to extend healthy later life for the majority of older people who live in mainstream housing.

Originality/value
The author draws on over 30 years’ experience of innovation, development and evaluation of older people’s housing, services and policy development to provide a vision for greater integration across health, care and housing.
Maternal and infant factors had a significant impact on birthweight and longitudinal growth in a South African birth cohort
Authors: Budree S , Stein DJ , Brittain K , Goddard E , Koen N , Barnett W , Myer L , Zar HJ 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimThis birth cohort study investigated longitudinal infant growth and associated factors in a multiethnic population living in a low‐resource district surrounding the town of Paarl in South Africa.MethodsBetween March 2012 and October 2014, all mothers attending their second trimester antenatal visit at Paarl Hospital were approached for enrolment. Mother–infant pairs were followed from birth until 12 months of age. Comprehensive socio‐demographic, nutritional and psychosocial data were collected at birth, two, six and 12 months. Infant anthropometry was analysed as z‐scores for weight and height. Linear regression was used to investigate predictors of birthweight, and linear mixed‐effects models were used to investigate predictors of infant growth.ResultsLongitudinal anthropometric data from 792 infants were included: 53% were Black African, 47% were mixed race, and 15% were born preterm. Stunting occurred in 13% of infants at 12 months. Maternal height, antenatal alcohol and tobacco use, ethnicity and socioeconomic status were significant predictors of birthweight. In the adjusted mixed‐effects model, birthweight was a significant predictor of growth during the first year of life.ConclusionBirthweight was an important predictor of growth trajectory during infancy. Birthweight and growth were influenced by several important modifiable factors.
Reduced prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen positivity among pregnant women born after the national implementation of immunoprophylaxis for babies born to hepatitis B virus‐carrier mothers in Japan
Authors: Sugiyama Aya , Ohisa Masayuki , Nagashima Shintaro , Yamamoto Chikako , Chuon Channarena , Fujii Toshiko , Akita Tomoyuki , Katayama Keiko , Kudo Yoshiki , Tanaka Junko 
Published: August 2017

AimWe aimed to estimate hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity among birth year‐stratified pregnant women in Hiroshima, Japan, and compare prevalence rates between women born before and after implementation of a national immunoprophylactic vaccination program for babies born to hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier mothers in Japan.MethodsPregnant women who gave birth at all delivery hospitals/clinics in Hiroshima prefecture between 1 April 2010 and 31 March 2011 were eligible. Lists collected from each institution included survey items such as age (pregnant woman's birth year) and HBsAg and hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody (anti‐HCV) test results, which were posted anonymously and non‐consolidated from medical records. We calculated the HBsAg and anti‐HCV prevalence in our cohort according to the mothers' birth year.ResultsIn 41 of 58 hospitals/clinics, 15 233 and 15 035 pregnant women underwent HBsAg and anti‐HCV testing, corresponding to 59.6% and 58.9% of 25 546 births in the 2010 fiscal year, respectively. The overall HBsAg positive rate was 0.51% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.40–0.63%), and an extremely low prevalence (0.10%; 95% CI, 0.00–0.25%) was observed among pregnant women born after 1986. However, the prevalence in this study was slightly higher than the nationwide value (0.31%) and the Chugoku region‐specific value (0.46%) among first‐time blood donors at Japanese Red Cross blood centers between 2001 and 2006. No significant difference in anti‐HCV positivity was observed.ConclusionOnly two pregnant women born after the preventive program implementation were HBsAg‐positive. Perinatal HBV transmission is estimated to be almost completely inhibited in the next generation.
Epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition contributes to invasion in squamous cell carcinomas originated from actinic keratosis through the differentiated pathway, whereas proliferation plays a more significant role in the classical pathway
Authors: Saenz‐Sardà X. , Carrato C. , Pérez‐Roca L. , Puig L. , Ferrándiz C. , Ariza A. , Fernández‐Figueras M.‐T. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundEvery actinic keratosis (AK) starts with atypia at the basal layers of the epidermis (AK I). Progression into invasive squamous cell carcinoma (iSCC) may occur following two main pathways, classical and differentiated. In the former, iSCC only occurs after involvement of the upper epidermal layers by atypical cells (AK III), while in the latter iSCC develops directly from AK I. In the anogenital mucosa, these two pathways are associated with differential expression of p53 and p16.ObjectiveTo explore differences between both pathways in the pathogenesis of AK, focusing on Ki67, p53, p16 and molecules that reveal epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT).MethodsTissue microarrays representative of superficial and deep portions of 80 consecutive iSCCs (53 DP/27CP) were studied immunohistochemically using antibodies against Ki67, p53, p16, vimentin, E‐cadherin, β‐catenin and D2‐40. The evaluation was performed by three researchers and the results compared to consensus.ResultsInvasive squamous cell carcinomas originated through the differentiated pathway exhibited significantly lower proliferative activity (Ki67) (30% vs 46%, P = 0.003) and significantly lower expression of vimentin (P < 0.001), E‐cadherin (P < 0.001) and membranous β‐catenin (P < 0.001) than iSCCs developed through the classical pathway. The expression of E‐cadherin and membranous β‐catenin was significantly correlated (Pearson's r = 0.386, Spearman's Rho < 0.001). There were no significant differences regarding the expressions of p53, p16 and D2‐40.ConclusionEpithelial–mesenchymal transition participates in transformation from AK I into iSCC (differentiated pathway), whereas a higher proliferative capacity facilitates intraepidermal extension in the classical pathway. Podoplanin, which is also involved in tumour invasion, does not seem to play a differential role in either pathway. Finally, the absence of differences in p53 and p16 expressions is at variance with other epithelia where the classical pathway is associated with human papillomavirus infection and can be explained by the fact that both AK pathways share identical mechanisms of actinic oncogenesis.
Inflammatory bowel disease with primary sclerosing cholangitis: A Danish population‐based cohort study 1977‐2011
Authors: Sørensen Jakob Ørskov , Nielsen Ole Haagen , Andersson Mikael , Ainsworth Mark Andrew , Ytting Henriette , Bélard Erika , Jess Tine 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackground and AimsInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be complicated by primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). We aimed to assess the characteristics of Danish PSC‐IBD patients and to compare their prognosis with IBD patients without PSC.MethodsA retrospective nationwide population‐based cohort of 257 PSC‐IBD patients was assessed through Danish national registries and manual scrutiny of patient files.ResultsFor all PSC‐IBD patients diagnosed after 1976 (n = 222) and 8231 IBD controls (ie, without PSC), the cumulative probability of resective surgery, liver transplantation, cancer, and survival from 1977 through 2011 was estimated and compared by log‐rank test and Cox regression. PSC‐IBD patients primarily had ulcerative colitis (UC) (72%), were diagnosed in young adulthood (median age at IBD diagnosis, 23 years), and 9% were smokers. Among PSC‐UC patients 78% had pancolitis at diagnosis. Among patients with PSC and Crohn's disease (CD) 91% had colonic involvement. The PSC‐IBD patients had a significantly higher probability of receiving resective surgery (HR; 2.13, 95% CI: 1.50‐3.03); of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) (HR; 21.4, 95% CI: 9.6‐47.6), of cholangiocarcinoma (HR; 190, 95% CI: 54.8‐660), and of dying (HR; 4.39, 95% CI: 3.22‐6.00) as compared to non‐PSC‐IBD controls. The 25‐year cumulative risk of liver transplantation was high (53%).ConclusionsThis unselected population‐based study shows that PSC‐IBD patients not only have an extensive phenotype of IBD, they are also treated more intensively than other patients with IBD. However, the prognosis remains poor and without any apparent improvement over calendar time.
Symposium on Arrigo Opocher and Ian Steedman (), Full Industry Equilibrium. A Theory of the Industrial Long Run, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Authors: Bellino Enrico , Bidard Christian , Fratini Saverio M. , Harcourt G.C. , Opocher Arrigo , Steedman Ian , Yoshihara Naoki , Kurz Heinz D. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAfter an editorial that motivates the symposium on the book by Arrigo Opocher and Ian Steedman, there are comments by five scholars (in alphabetical order). These deal with capital theoretic issues (Bellino), the labour demand curve (Bidard), the zero‐excess‐profit position in alternative theories of value (Fratini), the role of intermediate as opposed to final products in the setting of prices (Harcourt) and the role of time in the analysis (Yoshihara). Then follows a response by Opocher and Steedman.
Law and Precaution in the European Risk Society: The Case of EU Environmental Policy
Authors: Mathis Joseph D. , Corrias Luigi D.A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractUlrich Beck characterized the transition from modern to late modern society as a shift from an industrial to a “risk society.” Contemporary society is challenged by negative side effects (“risks”) of modernization, including the increasing and imminent threat of global climate change. This article will test the validity of conceivable prescriptive elements associated with this sociological theory. In doing so, it will focus on the most recent legal developments aimed at tackling climate change within the EU. This paper finds that the precautionary approach is unable to sufficiently shape balanced legal intervention in this day and age. However, the approach adopted by the EU appears to be more successful in this respect.