bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid polymer/nanocrystalline TiO2 composites prepared via low-temperature in-matrix crystallization of titania
Authors: Tolstov Alexander , Matyushov Vitaliy , Klymchuk Dmytro 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe novel approach for in situ preparation of polymer/TiO2 composites via low-temperature in-matrix crystallization of sol-gel prepared titania was developed and successfully applied. Rigid aromatic polyimide (PI) and flexible poly(ether-urethane)acrylate (PEUA) were used as polymer matrices and the templates for titania crystallization. Structure and morphology of prepared hybrids have been characterized by WAXD, FTIR and SEM. Chemical interaction between functional groups of the polymers and reactive inorganic component were studied. It was found that the rigid PI is more perspective matrix (instead of flexible PEUA) for carrying out the low-temperature crystallization of TiO2. Developed crystallization technique allowed to decrease the temperature of TiO2 crystallization from 350-500 °C to 250 °C (at atmosphere pressure) and to prepare functional crystalline TiO2-based polymer composites as perspective photoactive materials. Moreover, proposed approach gives also the possibility to obtain the polymer composites with enhanced compatibility between dispersed titania and continuous polymer phases.
A study on hybrid oligomeric type II photoinitiator
Authors: Ye Guodong , Kan Wenbo , Yang Jianwen , Zeng Zhaohua , Liu Xiaoxuan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPreparing tailor-made hybrid photoinitiator (PI) for specific applications continues to gain momentum. The hybrid PIs comprising both H-abstraction chromophore and coinitiator moiety are the candidate materials with energy-saving and environment-protection in the photo-curing field. So two oligomeric photoinitiators (OMKs) containing benzophenone (BP) and aliphatic tert-amines chromophore in the main-chain (OMK-2) or side-chain (OMK-1) were synthesized and characterized respectively. Photophysical investigation showed that the absorption maxima of OMKs were around 340 nm, red shifted about 5-10 nm compared to BP. Their initiation efficiencies were found to be higher than that of BP and 4,4’-bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone(MK) respectively. The reaction proceeds via a simple electron-transfer/proton-transfer mechanism. Dynamic NMR data reveal that H-abstraction reacts predominantly via alpha H of aliphatic tertamines, as might be expected on the basis of the lower ionization potential and bond dissociation energy of aliphatic amines compared to aromatic amines. The reaction mechanism of H-abstraction was confirmed by using radical scavenger 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxy(TEMPO), which acts as a probe under photolysis reaction conditions. The volatility and migration were tested under simulated conditions, the result show that OMKs exhibited very low volatility and significantly reduced migration compared to the low molecular analogs. Results showed that the OMKs are the promising candidate as higher efficient PIs with low volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission and reduced migration. They are suitable for environmental-friendly formulations.
Polypyrrole-modified starch films: structural, thermal, morphological and electrical characterization
Authors: Vasques Caroline T. , Domenech Susana C. , Barreto Pedro L. M. , Soldi Valdir 
Published: July 2017

AbstractStarch films were obtained by incorporating sorbitol and FeCl3.6H2O by casting. The films were exposed to pyrrole vapors to promote polymerization. PPy/starch films were characterized by rheology, elemental analysis, electrical dc conductivity measurements, X-Ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, SEM and FTIR. Optimal synthesis conditions were obtained with starch films containing 5 % w/w of FeCl3.6H2O and 10 h of exposure to pyrrole vapors. The method allowed obtaining smooth, homogeneous films, with electrical conductivity values up to ca. 3.5 x 10-6 S.cm-1. The results suggest that a complex of starch and ferric chloride is formed properties of which are not influenced by the presence of polypyrrole. No chemical interactions were observed between polypyrrole and starch in the film.
Cosmeto-textile from formulation to characterization: an overview
Authors: Ripoll L. , Bordes C. , Etheve S. , Elaissari A. , Fessi H. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryFunctionalized textiles and especially cosmetotextiles are increasingly used in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. A cosmetotextile allows the administration of active molecules simply and controllably. It can also be used to change the surface properties of a fabric in order to make it self-cleaning, hydrophobic or lipophobic. Different techniques have been developed over recent years to functionalize fabrics: microencapsulation, plasma, sol-gel. The adhesion of the molecules, drugs and particles that functionalize textiles can be achieved physically or chemically. This article reviews the current state of the art concerning functionalization techniques and the methods used to characterize a functionalized fabric. Based on existing results and the authors’ reflections, it provides discussion and suggestions related to choosing processes. This review also reveals the surprising lack of publications on the functionalization of textile supports.
Synthesis and kinetic studies of TiO2/polystyrene composite particles by emulsion polymerization
Authors: Jianmin Zhang , Zheng Peng , Xiuguo Sun , Caihui Wang , Jungang Gao 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn the presence of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, emulsion polymerization of styrene with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) as an emulsifier and potassium persulphate as an initiator was investigated in detail. It was shown that SDS concentration influences the morphology of the composite particles in higher degree. Moreover, the effects of operating variables such as emulsifier concentrations, initiator concentration, monomer concentration, and polymerization temperature on the kinetic features were also examined. The kinetic data showed that at conditions studied, the rate of polymerization over interval II was proportional to the 0.68 power of the initial emulsifier concentration, to the 2.2 power of the initial initiator concentration and to the 1.6 power of the initial monomer‟s concentration. The initiator concentration has a dominant effect on the rate of the polymerization. The appropriate conditions for polymerization were obtained when emulsifier concentration of 6.5×10-3 mol·L-1, initiator concentration of 4.4×10-3 mol·L-1, the polymerization temperature of 75 °C and the initial monomer‟s concentration of 0.288 mol·L-1 were used. The polymerization rate obtained is more favorable than that of the conventional emulsion approach. The experimental results can be reasonably ascribed to the nucleation mechanism of “TiO2/SDS” micelles in the emulsion polymerization of styrene.
Stereocomplexes formation from enantiomeric star-shaped block copolymers of ε-caprolactone and lactide
Authors: Łukaszczyk Jan , Jelonek Piotr , Trzebicka Barbara , Domb Abraham J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractEnantiomeric star-shape block copolymers of ε-caprolactone and lactide with different molar masses and compositions were synthesized using pentaerythritol/tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate as initiating system. Stereocomplex formation between pair of enantiomeric blocks of star arms was investigated. Thermal properties of both copolymers and obtained stereocomplexes were examined. A rise of above 50 °C of melting temperature of polylactide phase was observed as a consequence of stereocomplex creation.
Thermal characterization of novel aliphatic polyesters with ether and thioether linkages
Authors: Soccio M. , Lotti N. , Finelli L. , Munari A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSeveral novel ether or thioether linkage containing aliphatic polyesters and poly(alkylene dicarboxylate)s were synthesized for comparison and characterized in terms of chemical structure and molecular weight. The thermal behavior was examined by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. All the polymers showed a good thermal stability, even though lower for the ether or thioether linkage-containing polyesters. The decrement of the thermal stability appears to be more relevant in the case of the presence of sulphur atoms. At room temperature the samples appeared semicrystalline, except PTTDG and PDEDG, which were viscous oils; the effect of the introduction of ether or thioether group was an increment of the Tgvalue, a decrement of the melting temperature and a significant decrease of the crystallization rate. The entity of the variations was found to be affected by the kind of group introduced, and the trend observed can be explained on the basis of atom electronegativity and dimensions
Partial clinical remission in type 1 diabetes: a comparison of the accuracy of total daily dose of insulin of <0.3 units/kg/day to the gold standard insulin-dose adjusted hemoglobin A1c of ≤9 for the detection of partial clinical remission
Authors: Lundberg Rachel L. , Marino Katherine R. , Jasrotia Aastha , Maranda Louise S. , Barton Bruce A. , Alonso Laura C. , Nwosu Benjamin Udoka 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground:It is unclear whether the gold standard test for the detection of partial clinical remission (PCR) in new-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D), the insulin-dose adjusted Hemoglobin AMethods:A retrospective analysis of 204 subjects of ages 2–14 years, mean age 7.9±3.2 years, (male 7.8±3.4 years, [n=98]; female 7.9±3.0 years, [n=106], p=0.816) with new-onset T1D. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected for the first 36 months of disease. PCR was defined by both IDAAResults:There were 86 (42.2%) (age 9.1±3.0 years; male 57%) remitters by IDAAConclusions:There were no significant differences in the number of remitters, duration of PCR, or the time of peak remission defined by IDAA
NLRP genes and their role in preeclampsia and multi-locus imprinting disorders
Authors: Soellner Lukas , Kopp Kathrin Maria , Mütze Sabine , Meyer Robert , Begemann Matthias , Rudnik Sabine , Rath Werner , Eggermann Thomas , Zerres Klaus 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPreeclampsia (PE) affects 2–5% of all pregnancies. It is a multifactorial disease, but it has been estimated that 35% of the variance in liability of PE are attributable to maternal genetic effects and 20% to fetal genetic effects. PE has also been reported in women delivering children with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS, OMIM 130650), a disorder associated with aberrant methylation at genomically imprinted loci. Among others, members of theNLRPgene family are involved in the etiology of imprinting defects. Thus, a functional link between PE,NLRPgene mutations and aberrant imprinting can be assumed. Therefore we analyzed a cohort of 47 PE patients forNLRPgene mutations by next generation sequencing. In 25 fetuses where DNA was available we determined the methylation status at the imprinted locus. With the exception of one woman heterozygous for a missense variant in theNLRP7gene (NM_001127255.1(NLRP7):c.542G>C) we could not identify further carriers, in the fetal DNA normal methylation patterns were observed. Thus, our negative screening results in a well-defined cohort indicate thatNLRPmutations are not a relevant cause of PE, though strong evidence for a functional link betweenNLRPmutations, PE and aberrant methylation exist.
Effect of female genital cutting performed by health care professionals on labor complications in Egyptian women: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Saleh Wael F. , Torky Haitham A. , Youssef Mohamed A. , Ragab Wael S. , Ahmed Mohamed A. Sayed , Eldaly Ashraf 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAim:To examine the effect of the degree of female genital cutting (FGC) performed by health-care professionals on perineal scarring; delivery mode; duration of second stage of labor; incidence of perineal tears and episiotomy in a cohort of uncircumcised versus circumcised (types I and II) women.Methods:A prospective cohort study included 450 primigravida women in active labor attending the Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Hospital between January 2013 and August 2014. Women were divided into three groups based on medical examination upon admission. Group I (Control) included 150 uncut women, Group II included 150 women with type I FGC and Group III included 150 women with type II FGC. A structured questionnaire elicited the information on women’s socio-demographic characteristics including age, residence, occupation, educational level, age of marriage and FGC circumstances. Association between FGC and labor complications was examined. Main outcomes: risk of perineal scarring; delivery mode; duration of second stage of labor; incidence of perineal tears and episiotomy.Results:Family history of genitally cut mother/sister was the most significant socio-demographic factor associated with FGC. FGC especially type II was associated with significantly higher incidence of vulvar scar (P<0.0002), perineal tears (P<0.0001) and increased likelihood of additional vaginal and perineal trauma [odds ratio (OR): 1.85, 95% CI: 0.60–5.65. P≤0.001]. There was insignificant difference in risks of cesarean section (CS), instrumental delivery, episiotomy and short-term neonatal outcomes.Conclusion:The study strengthens the evidence that FGC increases the risk of tears in spite of medicalization of the practice.
Al-doped ZnO films deposited by magnetron sputtering: effect of sputtering parameters on the electrical and optical properties
Authors: Pan Qingtao , Song Xin 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) thin films were prepared by magnetron sputtering method. The influences of deposition pressure, substrate temperature, Ar flow rate and film thickness on optical and electrical properties were investigated using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrometer and Hall measurements. The experimental results revealed that a low resistivity, smaller than 4 × 10-4 Ω·cm, was obtained when the deposition pressure was smaller than 0.67 Pa and substrate temperature about 200 °C. Ar flow rate had a small influence on the resistivity but a big influence on the transparency at near infrared range (NIR). We obtained optimized AZO thin films with high ponductivity and transparency at low deposition pressure, small Ar flow and appropriate temperature (around 200 °C). The etching behavior of the AZO thin films deposited at the different Ar flow rates was also studied in this paper. The results show that Ar flow rate is a very important factor affecting the etching behavior.
CeO2/NiTiO3nanocomposites; synthesis, photoluminescence and magnetic behavior
Authors: Enhessari M. , Sakhaei M. , Salehabadi A. , Etemad L. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPure phase NiTiO3was obtained via a modified sol-gel method. Addition of CeO2in a modified oxidizing atmosphere in stearic acid at 750 °C led to the growth of several nanoscaled Ce-rich phases. The formation of NiTiO3and CeO2/NiTiO3was strongly confirmed based on metal-oxygen and metal-metal absorption bands. The nanometric formation of crystals and narrow distribution of nanoparticles were confirmed by XRD and FE-SEM. The magnetic properties indicated weak ferromagnetic behavior of NiTiO3and paramagnetic behavior of CeO2/NiTiO3nanocomposites. The paramagnetic properties were improved gradually into superparamagnetic upon increasing CeO2domain to 30 mol%. It was observed that the current density can achieve 1 × 10-9A/cm2for the sample containing 30 mol% CeO2at an electrical field equal to 40 V/cm.
Structural and physico-mechanical characterization of closed-cell aluminum foams with different zinc additions
Authors: Bisht Ankur , Gangil Brijesh 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Closed-cell aluminum foams with different percentages of zinc content were successfully prepared and investigated. The foamable precursors were prepared in a pit furnace by adding calcium as thickening agent, calcium carbonate as blowing agent and different percentages (0 wt.%, 0.5 wt.% and 1 wt.%) of zinc particles at 650–750°C. The distribution of Zn elements and quassi-static behavior of the foams at room temperature were investigated. The experimental results show that Zn element is uniformly distributed in cell wall matrix. The distribution of Zn elements had a significant effect on the quasi-static compressive behavior of aluminum foams; from the results, it is obvious that zinc-containing foams possessed higher compressive strength and energy absorption capacities than pure aluminum foams. Hence, it can be concluded that increase in percentage of Zn particles helps to increase the compressive strength, plateau region and energy absorption, in addition to providing better and uniform pores.
Self-Healing of Dense Asphalt Concrete by Two Different Approaches: Electromagnetic Induction and Infrared Radiation
Authors: Ajam H. , Lastra-González P. , Gómez-Meijide B. , Airey G. , Garcia A. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Self-healing of cracks in asphalt mixtures is a phenomenon that can be accelerated by reducing the viscosity of bitumen as it increases the capillarity flow through the cracks. One method to achieve this is by increasing temperature, which also produces a thermal expansion that contributes to the circulation of the bitumen through cracks. In the present paper, the healing performance of asphalt mixture heated using infrared heating to simulate the natural solar radiation, and induction heating, a new method to increase the temperature of asphalt pavements, were compared in terms of time and healing temperature. Healing was defined as the relationship between the 3-point bending strength of an asphalt beam before and after healing. The results show that both methods reach similar and satisfactory healing ratios at around 90 %. However, induction heating is more energy efficient because the effect is concentrated on the binder, instead of heating the whole mix. This can be translated into much shorter heating times to reach the same healing level. Finally, an optimum radiation energy was found, after which higher amounts of infrared radiation damage the properties of the healed material.
Perbandingan corak kesepaduan pasukan bola tampar lelaki dan wanita peringkat sekolah menengah daerah Larut Matang dan Selama
Authors: Moorthy Atchmmahdevi A/p , Abd. Aziz Shaharudin 
Published: July 2017

Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji perbandingan corak kesepaduan pasukan bola tampar lelaki dan wanita peringkat sekolah menengah daerah Larut Matang dan Selama. Seramai 192 orang pemain bola tampar (96 lelaki dan 96 wanita) dipilih secara bertujuan sebagai responden. Kajian ini berbentuk tinjauan kuantitatif dan instrumen kajian yang digunakan untuk mengenalpasti corak kesepaduan adalah Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ : Carron,Widmeyer, & Brawley,1985) yang mengandungi 18 item dan empat dimensi kesepaduan. Instrumen ini mengkaji corak kesepaduan pemain bola tampar lelaki dan wanita di peringkat suku akhir dan separuh akhir daerah Larut Matang Dan Selama. Data yang diperolehi dianalisis menggunakan ujian diskriptif dan ujian-t sampel tidak bersandar. Hasil kajian menunjukkan kesepaduan paling tinggi dalam kalangan pasukan yang menang di peringkat suku akhir dan separuh akhir berbanding dengan pasukan yang kalah. Dapatan menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan dalam kalangan pasukan yang menang di peringkat suku akhir. Namun tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan dalam kalangan pasukan lelaki dan wanita yang kalah dan menang di peringkat separuh akhir. Ini bermakna pasukan yang mempunyai perhubungan dan toleransi yang erat terhadap ahli pasukan mempunyai tahap kesepaduan yang tinggi. Oleh itu, pasukan tidak mempunyai minat terhadap ahli pasukan menyebabkan kesepaduan rendah serta pencapaian mereka tidak konsisten. Penyelidik menegaskan bahawa kesepaduan pasukan merupakan salah satu faktor yang penting dan jurulatih harus memberi penekanan terhadap kesepaduan pasukan sebelum, semasa dan selepas perlawanan bagi membentuk satu pasukan yang berprestasi tinggi pada masa akan datang.
Anthropometric correlates of handgrip strength among Nigerian primary school pupils
Authors: Hammed Adebisi Isiak , S. M. Adodo 
Published: July 2017

Study aim: This study investigated the interdependence of anthropometrics with handgrip strength (HGS) among Nigerian primary school pupils. Materials and methods: A total of 200 primary school pupils participated in this study. Electronic handgrip dynamometer was used to measure HGS in kg, body height and body weight were measured with a wall–mounted stadiometer in meters and bathroom weighing scale in kg respectively. In addition, forearm circumference was measured at the largest part of the forearm and maximum hand width was taken for hand circumference. The relationship between HGS and anthropometric parameters was analyzed using Pearson’s product moment coefficient of correlation. Results: The outcome of this study showed that age correlated disproportionately but significantly (p < 0.05) with HGS. Also, body weight, BMI and handedness were found to associate proportionately and significantly with HGS. However, hand and forearm circumferences were observed to relate positively but insignificantly (p>0.05) with HGS. Conclusion: This study therefore concluded that the most important determinants of HGS among Nigerian primary school pupils are body weight, BMI and handedness and thus, could be considered as markers of nutritional and health status, as well as physical fitness of these individuals.
Perkembangan motor kasar di kalangan murid orang asli berumur tujuh, lapan dan sembilan tahun di daerah Gua Gusang Kelantan
Authors: Ariff Asraff , Ibrahim Halijah 
Published: July 2017

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti tahap perkembangan motor kasar kanak-kanak Orang asli yang berumur tujuh, lapan dan sembilan tahun serta membezakannya dengan menggunakan skala Gross Motor Development Quotient (GMDQ). Kajian ini berbentuk ex post facto yang melibatkan 120 orang subjek (L:67, P:53) yang berumur diantara tujuh, lapan dan sembilan tahun. Ujian perkembangan motor kasar Ulrich (2000) telah dijalankan untuk mengukur tahap perkembangan motor kasar murid-murid Orang Asli bagi kemahiran lokomotor dan manipulatif. Skor yang diperolehi ditranskripkan bagi mendapatkan skor GMDQ. Skor-skor ini dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Versi 22.0 bagi membandingkan min pencapaian motor kasar murid-murid Orang Asli mengikut peringkat umur tujuh, lapan, dan sembilan tahun. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan bagi GMDQ murid-murid Orang Asli berumur tujuh, lapan, dan sembilan tahun [F (2, 117) = 40.264, p< .05]. Bagi analisis Post Hoc Test, ketiga-tiga kumpulan umur murid-murid Orang Asli menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan bagi skor GMDQ (p < 0.05). Kajian menunjukan terdapat perbezaan GMDQ mengikut peringkat umur. Perkembangan motor kasar murid-murid orang asli yang berumur tujuh tahun boleh dikatakan berada dalam perkembangan yang normal, manakala murid-murid orang asli yang berumur lapan, dan sembilan tahun mempunyai perkembangan motor yang lemah. Kata Kunci: Motor kasar, Orang asli, skor GMDQ