bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Governança do Conhecimento (GovC): o estado da arte sobre o termo
Authors: Freire Patricia de Sá , Dandolini Gertrudes Aparecida , De Souza João Artur , Silva Talita Caetano , Couto Rogeria Moreira 
Published: January 2018

Objetivo. No contexto organizacional contemporâneo o compartilhamento e a transferência do conhecimento têm um papel significativo e, por isso, é importante superar as barreiras internas e externas para que estes sejam processados. O que pode ser facilitado com a implantação da Governança do Conhecimento (GovC), uma abordagem interdisciplinar emergente, que atravessa os campos da gestão do conhecimento, os estudos de organização, estratégia e gestão de recursos humanos. O problema é que, além de ser um construto novo e ainda pouco estudado no Brasil, alimentam-se divergências conceituais pela amplitude de dimensões de análise possíveis. Neste contexto, surge o objetivo deste estudo, que seja, identificar a conceituação do construto Governança do Conhecimento proposta na literatura científica para apoiar sua melhor compreensão e embasar futuras pesquisas na área de gestão do conhecimento.Método. Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa teórica por meio de uma sistemática revisão da literatura, seguida de análise bibliométrica e descritiva das publicações mais relevantes sobre o tema.Resultados. O objetivo foi alcançado sendo possível identificar a conceituação, além dos princípios e dos mecanismos de GovC propostos pela literatura.Conclusões. Considera-se a discussão sobre o constructo GovC pertinente no contexto das organizações contemporâneas, no entanto, sinaliza-se a importância de estudos futuros de ordem empírica e teórica de modo a fomentar as discussões sobre o assunto na atualidade
Distribution of non-native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) across Norwegian waterbodies – is it an invasive species?
Authors: Hesthagen Trygve , Bolstad Geir H. , Kleiven Einar 
Published: January 2018

Non-native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis MITCHILL, 1815) was introduced into Norway in 1883. However, it was not until the late 1970s that this acid-tolerant salmonid species was stocked into many acidified lakes that many populations became established. In 2004, all brook trout stocking in Norway ceased. In this study, we surveyed the distribution of brook trout in Norwegian water bodies. A totally of 202 self-sustaining populations were identified, mostly in unregulated lakes (n=101), streams (n=71) and also to some extent in reservoirs (n=25). Only four populations were found in inland rivers, and one population in a river with Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Localities with brook trout covered a wide range of altitudes and sizes. Analyses of time-series catches in sympatric populations of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) and brook trout from 12 lakes (1997-2012) revealed a strong decline in brook trout stocks. A similar development in abundance has also emerged from other studies in recent years. Generally, lake-dwelling brook trout is regarded as a low-risk species with respect to invasiveness. However, brook trout/brown trout interactions may be habitat-specific, as brook trout may dominate in small and relatively cold streams.
First record of Bombus (Alpigenobombus) wurflenii Radoszkowski, 1860 in the Kola Peninsula, NW Russia
Authors: Potapov Grigory Sergeevich , Kolosova Yulia Sergeevna , Vlasova Alisa Andreevna 
Published: January 2018

In this paper we present the first record of Bombus wurflenii from northern Russia. This species was found in the southwestern part of the Kola Peninsula, near the town of Kandalaksha in 2016. The nearest confirmed record of the species is in northern Sweden. In Russia, B. wurflenii was known earlier but only from southern Ural. The status of the population of B. wurflenii in the Kola Peninsula is unknown and needs further research.
Looking for fun in Cultural Science
Authors: McKee Alan 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
There has been a tension in Cultural Studies between those authors who see fun as important; and those who see it as a distraction. This tension has been played out around the concepts of amusement, distraction, pleasure, celebration, playfulness and desire. I think that fun is important. As we move from Cultural Studies to Cultural Science, I want to retain a focus on fun.
Cognitive Playfulness, Creative Capacity and Generation ‘C’ learners
Authors: Tan Jennifer Pei-Ling , McWilliam Erica 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This paper draws on an ongoing doctoral study of student engagement with new digital media technologies in a formal schooling environment to demonstrate the importance of playfulness as a learning disposition. The study shows that cognitive playfulness mobilises productive engagement with learning innovations in the context of a traditional learning culture. Specifically, the paper discusses findings that emerge from a quantitative study into the level of student engagement with, and usage of, one school’s digital innovation in the form of a new Student Media Centre (SMC). The study analysed how different student learning dispositions influence the extent to which students engage with new digital technologies in the context of their otherwise traditional schooling. What emerges from the study is the interesting finding that cognitive playfulness, defined as ‘the learner’s dexterity and agility in terms of intellectual curiosity and imagination/creativity’, is a key factor in predicting students’ valuing of the opportunities that Web 2.0 open-source digital learning affords. In presenting an empirical validation of this finding, the paper contributes new knowledge to the problematic relationship between student-led digitally-enhanced learning and formal academic schooling.
Paradigm shifters: tricksters and cultural science
Authors: Hartley John 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This paper seeks to link anthropological and economic treatments of the process of innovation and change, not only within a given ‘complex system’ (e.g. a cosmology; an industry) but also between systems (e.g. cultural and economic systems; but also divine and human systems). The role of the ‘Go-Between’ is considered, both in the anthropological figure of the Trickster (Hyde 1998) and in the Schumpeterian entrepreneur. Both figures parlay appetite (economic wants) into meaning (cultural signs). Both practice a form of creativity based on deception, ‘creative destruction’; renewal by disruption and needs-must adaptation. The disciplinary purpose of the paper is to try to bridge two otherwise disconnected domains – cultural studies and evolutionary economics – by showing that the traditional methods of the humanities (e.g. anthropological, textual and historical analysis) have explanatory force in the context of economic actions and complex-system evolutionary dynamics. The objective is to understand creative innovation as a general cultural attribute rather than one restricted only to accredited experts such as artists; thus to theorise creativity as a form of emergence for dynamic adaptive systems. In this context, change is led by ‘paradigm shifters’ – tricksters and entrepreneurs who create new meanings out of the clash of difference, including the clash of mutually untranslatable communication systems (language, media, culture).
Creative industries & cultural science: A definitional odyssey
Authors: Potts Jason 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This paper argues that the definition of cultural science depends on the definition of creative industries. The problem, however, is that unlike the definition of evolutionary economics, complexity science and new cultural studies, which are also elements of cultural science, the creative industries suffer multiple non-commensurable definitions. These are reviewed and analytic implications for the definition of cultural science are examined.
Comparative sonographic review of benign and malignant breast masses
Authors: M Afodun A , D Eze E , K Quadri K , O Muhammed A , A Masud M , K Lawal S , O Buhari M , O Ayinde T 
Published: January 2018

Complex breast masses may appear as suspicious ultrasound findings that usually warrant biopsy. Ductal cell carcinoma in-situ (DCIS) is a form of breast cancer with a non-uniform appearance and malignant potential. A longitudinal review of mammary gland ultrasound (with high frequency transducer) within a three-year period was conducted. Differential diagnosis of fibroadenoma, lactating adenoma, mastitis, galactocele, breast cancer, abscess and “general” masses greater than 16 mm in diameter was stratified. Based on the breast imaging reporting in data system (BIRADS), lesions were classified as benign or malignant and recommendations of cytology made in cases of observed overlap findings. Image sonomorphologic information on mass-echogenic halo and non-uniform orientation were documented; while malignant factors like scar tissue, focal fibrosis and papillomas may be associated with a false positive (conclusion) result. Doppler studies on further mass evaluation is encouraged.
The path out of Haworth: mobility, migration and the global in Charlotte Brontë’s Shirley and the writings of Mary Taylor
Authors: Piesse Jude 
Published: January 2018

Following Elizabeth Gaskell’s defence of her friend’s posthumous reputation in The Life of Charlotte Brontë, Brontë has frequently been associated with ideas of static and feminised local place. In Shirley, however, the extent of Brontë’s preoccupation with a more expansive vision of global space and mobility becomes apparent. This chapter explores Shirley’s sophisticated understanding of global space and mobility and reveals Brontë’s topical fascination with labour migration for single, middle-class women in the light of her friendship and correspondence with the emigrant Mary Taylor, the model for Shirley’s Rose Yorke. It concludes by showing how Taylor’s own powerful fiction and travel writing can be viewed as one of Brontë’s most radical legacies; one which has been obscured by Gaskell’s more famous memorialisation.
EU protected area network did not prevent a country wide population decline in a threatened grassland bird
Authors: Silva João P. , Correia Ricardo , Alonso Hany , Martins Ricardo C. , D’Amico Marcello , Delgado Ana , Sampaio Hugo , Godinho Carlos , Moreira Francisco 
Published: January 2018

Background
Few studies have assessed the effectiveness of the Protected Area networks on the conservation status of target species. Here, we assess the effectiveness of the Portuguese Natura 2000 (the European Union network of protected areas) in maintaining a species included in the Annex I of the Bird Directive, namely the population of a priority farmland bird, the little bustard Tetrax tetrax.

Methods
We measured the effectiveness of the Natura 2000 by comparing population trends across time (2003–2006 and 2016) in 51 areas, 21 of which within 12 Special Protection Areas (SPA) that were mostly designated for farmland bird conservation and another 30 areas without EU protection.

Results
Overall, the national population is estimated to have declined 49% over the last 10–14 years. This loss was found to be proportionally larger outside SPA (64% decline) compared to losses within SPA (25% decline). However, the absolute male density decline was significantly larger within SPA .

Discussion
In spite of holding higher population densities and having prevented habitat loss, we conclude that Natura 2000 was not effective in buffering against the overall bustard population decline. Results show that the mere designation of SPA in farmland is not enough to secure species populations and has to be combined with agricultural policies and investment to maintain not only habitat availability but also habitat quality.
The importance of local settings: within-year variability in seawater temperature at South Bay, Western Antarctic Peninsula
Authors: Cárdenas César A. , González-Aravena Marcelo , Santibañez Pamela A. 
Published: January 2018

The Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) has undergone significant changes in air and seawater temperatures during the last 50 years. Although highly stenotherm Antarctic organisms are expected to be severely affected by the increase of seawater temperature, high-resolution datasets of seawater temperature within coastal areas of the WAP (where diverse marine communities have been reported) are not commonly available. Here we report on within-year (2016–2017) variation in seawater temperature at three sites on Doumer Island, Palmer Archipelago, WAP. Within a year, Antarctic organisms in South Bay were exposed to water temperatures in excess of 2 °C for more than 25 days and 2.5 °C for more than 10 days. We recorded a temperature range between −1.7° to 3.0 °C. Warming of seawater temperature was 3.75 times faster after October 2016 than it was before October. Results from this study indicate that organisms at South Bay are already exposed to temperatures that are being used in experimental studies to evaluate physiological responses to thermal stress in WAP organisms. Continuous measurements of short to long-term variability in seawater temperature provides important information for parametrizing meaningful experimental treatments that aim to assess the local effects of environmental variation on Antarctic organisms under future climate scenarios.
An Intraseasonal Variability in CO2 Over the Arctic Induced by the Madden‐Julian Oscillation
Authors: Li King‐Fai 
Published: January 2018

AbstractVariability of atmospheric CO2 must be well understood for us to better characterize the anthropogenic CO2 release from the surface. A previous study revealed the influence of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) to tropical midtropospheric CO2 via convection. In this work, the observations by NASA's Atmospheric Infrared Sounder are used to further examine the MJO impact on the CO2 concentration over the Arctic. A composite analysis shows that the CO2 north of 60°N varies with a peak‐to‐peak amplitude of 1.2 ± 0.2 ppm over the MJO cycle. An empirical correlation analysis is applied to examine possible effects of retrieval bias and dynamics on the MJO‐related CO2 anomalies. It is shown that the spatial pattern of the MJO‐related Arctic CO2 anomalies closely resembles that of the isentropic potential vorticity anomalies at 475 K.
Comment on “Modeling Extreme “Carrington‐Type” Space Weather Events Using Three‐Dimensional Global MHD Simulations” by C. M. Ngwira, A. Pulkkinen, M. M. Kuznetsova, and A. Glocer”
Authors: Tsurutani Bruce T. , Lakhina Gurbax S. , Echer Ezequiel , Hajra Rajkumar , Nayak Chinmaya , Mannucci Anthony J. , Meng Xing 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAn alternative scenario to the Ngwira et al. (2014, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JA019661) high sheath densities is proposed for modeling the Carrington magnetic storm. Typical slow solar wind densities (~5 cm−3) and lower interplanetary magnetic cloud magnetic field intensities (~90 nT) can be used to explain the observed initial and main phase storm features. A second point is that the fast storm recovery may be explained by ring current losses due to electromagnetic ion cyclotron wave scattering.
A Mathematical Model of Melt Lake Development on an Ice Shelf
Authors: Buzzard S. C. , Feltham D. L. , Flocco D. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe accumulation of surface meltwater on ice shelves can lead to the formation of melt lakes. Melt lakes have been implicated in ice shelf collapse; Antarctica's Larsen B Ice Shelf was observed to have a large amount of surface melt lakes present preceding its collapse in 2002. Such collapse can affect ocean circulation and temperature, cause habitat loss and contribute to sea level rise through the acceleration of tributary glaciers. We present a mathematical model of a surface melt lake on an idealized ice shelf. The model incorporates a calculation of the ice shelf surface energy balance, heat transfer through the firn, the production and percolation of meltwater into the firn, the formation of ice lenses, and the development and refreezing of surface melt lakes. The model is applied to the Larsen C Ice Shelf, where melt lakes have been observed. This region has warmed several times the global average over the last century and the Larsen C firn layer could become saturated with meltwater by the end of the century. When forced with weather station data, our model produces surface melting, meltwater accumulation, and melt lake development consistent with observations. We examine the sensitivity of lake formation to uncertain parameters and provide evidence of the importance of processes such as lateral meltwater transport. We conclude that melt lakes impact surface melt and firn density and warrant inclusion in dynamic‐thermodynamic models of ice shelf evolution within climate models, of which our model could form the basis for the thermodynamic component.
A Computational Fluid‐Dynamics Assessment of the Improved Performance of Aerodynamic Rain Gauges
Authors: Colli Matteo , Pollock Michael , Stagnaro Mattia , Lanza Luca G. , Dutton Mark , O'Connell Enda 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe airflow surrounding any catching‐type rain gauge when impacted by wind is deformed by the presence of the gauge body, resulting in the acceleration of wind above the orifice of the gauge, which deflects raindrops and snowflakes away from the collector (the wind‐induced undercatch). The method of mounting a gauge with the collector at or below the level of the ground, or the use of windshields to mitigate this effect, is often not practicable. The physical shape of a gauge has a significant impact on its collection efficiency. In this study, we show that appropriate “aerodynamic” shapes are able to reduce the deformation of the airflow, which can reduce undercatch. We have employed computational fluid‐dynamic simulations to evaluate the time‐averaged airflow realized around “aerodynamic” rain gauge shapes when impacted by wind. Terms of comparison are provided by the results obtained for two standard “conventional” rain gauge shapes. The simulations have been run for different wind speeds and are based on a time‐averaged Reynolds‐Averaged Navier‐Stokes model. The shape of the aerodynamic gauges is shown to have a positive impact on the time‐averaged airflow patterns observed around the orifice compared to the conventional shapes. Furthermore, the turbulent air velocity fields for the aerodynamic shapes present “recirculating” structures, which may improve the particle‐catching capabilities of the gauge collector.
Addressing Spatial Dependence Bias in Climate Model Simulations—An Independent Component Analysis Approach
Authors: Nahar Jannatun , Johnson Fiona , Sharma Ashish 
Published: January 2018

AbstractConventional bias correction is usually applied on a grid‐by‐grid basis, meaning that the resulting corrections cannot address biases in the spatial distribution of climate variables. To solve this problem, a two‐step bias correction method is proposed here to correct time series at multiple locations conjointly. The first step transforms the data to a set of statistically independent univariate time series, using a technique known as independent component analysis (ICA). The mutually independent signals can then be bias corrected as univariate time series and back‐transformed to improve the representation of spatial dependence in the data. The spatially corrected data are then bias corrected at the grid scale in the second step. The method has been applied to two CMIP5 General Circulation Model simulations for six different climate regions of Australia for two climate variables—temperature and precipitation. The results demonstrate that the ICA‐based technique leads to considerable improvements in temperature simulations with more modest improvements in precipitation. Overall, the method results in current climate simulations that have greater equivalency in space and time with observational data.
Oxygen‐Generating MnO2 Nanodots‐Anchored Versatile Nanoplatform for Combined Chemo‐Photodynamic Therapy in Hypoxic Cancer
Authors: Zhang Wentao , Li Sihang , Liu Xinnan , Yang Chengyuan , Hu Na , Dou Leina , Zhao Bingxin , Zhang Qinying , Suo Yourui , Wang Jianlong 
Published: January 2018

AbstractLocal hypoxia in tumors results in undesirable impediments for the efficiencies of oxygen‐dependent chemical and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Herein, a versatile oxygen‐generating and pH‐responsive nanoplatform is developed by loading MnO2 nanodots onto the nanosystem that encapsulates g‐C3N4 and doxorubicin hydrochloride to overcome the hypoxia‐caused resistance in cancer therapy. The loaded MnO2 nanodots can react with endogenous acidic H2O2 to elevate the dissolved oxygen concentration, leading to considerably enhanced cancer therapy efficacy. As such, the as‐prepared nanoplatform with excellent dispersibility and satisfactory biocompatibility can sustainably increase the oxygen concentration and rapidly release the encapsulated drugs in acid H2O2 environment. In vitro cytotoxicity experiments show a higher therapy effect by the designed nanoplatform, when compared to therapy without MnO2 nanodots under hypoxia condition, or chemical and photodynamic therapy alone with the presence of MnO2 nanodots. In vivo experiments also demonstrate that 4T1 tumors can be very efficiently eliminated by the designed nanoplatform under light irradiation. These results highlight that the MnO2 nanodots‐based nanoplatform is promising for elevating the oxygen level in tumor microenvironments to overcome hypoxia limitations for high‐performance cancer therapy.
Engineering 3D Hydrogels for Personalized In Vitro Human Tissue Models
Authors: Liaw Chya‐Yan , Ji Shen , Guvendiren Murat 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThere is a growing interest in engineering hydrogels for 3D tissue and disease models. The major motivation is to better mimic the physiological microenvironment of the disease and human condition. 3D tissue models derived from patients' own cells can potentially revolutionize the way treatment and diagnostic alternatives are developed. This requires development of tissue mimetic hydrogels with user defined and tunable properties. In this review article, a recent summary of 3D hydrogel platforms for in vitro tissue and disease modeling is given. Hydrogel design considerations and available hydrogel systems are summarized, followed by the types of currently available hydrogel models, such as bulk hydrogels, porous scaffolds, fibrous scaffolds, hydrogel microspheres, hydrogel sandwich systems, microwells, and 3D bioprinted constructs. Although hydrogels are utilized for a wide range of tissue models, this article focuses on liver and cancer models. This article also provides a detailed section on current challenges and future perspectives of hydrogel‐based tissue models.
Quinoline‐Flanked Diketopyrrolopyrrole Copolymers Breaking through Electron Mobility over 6 cm2 V−1 s−1 in Flexible Thin Film Devices
Authors: Ni Zhenjie , Dong Huanli , Wang Hanlin , Ding Shang , Zou Ye , Zhao Qiang , Zhen Yonggang , Liu Feng , Jiang Lang , Hu Wenping 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHerein, the design and synthesis of novel π‐extended quinoline‐flanked diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) [abbreviated as QDPP] motifs and corresponding copolymers named PQDPP‐T and PQDPP‐2FT for high performing n‐type organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) in flexible organic thin film devices are reported. Serving as DPP‐flankers in backbones, quinoline is found to effectively tune copolymer optoelectric properties. Compared with TDPP and pyridine‐flanked DPP (PyDPP) analogs, widened bandgaps and strengthened electron deficiency are achieved. Moreover, both hole and electron mobility are improved two orders of magnitude compared to those of PyDPP analogs (PPyDPP‐T and PPyDPP‐2FT). Notably, featuring an all‐acceptor‐incorporated backbone, PQDPP‐2FT exhibits electron mobility of 6.04 cm2 V−1 s−1, among the highest value in OFETs fabricated on flexible substrates to date. Moreover, due to the widened bandgap and strengthened electron deficiency of PQDPP, n‐channel on/off ratio over 105 with suppressed hole transport is first realized in the ambipolar DPP‐based copolymers.