bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life cycle assessment in additive manufacturing of copper alloys—comparison between laser and electron beam
Authors: Raute Julius , Beret Alexander , Biegler Max , Rethmeier Michael 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing is becoming increasingly important for industrial production. In this context, directed energy deposition processes are in demand to achieve high deposition rates. In addition to the well-known laser-based processes, the electron beam has also reached industrial market maturity. The wire electron beam additive manufacturing offers advantages in the processing of copper materials, for example. In the literature, the higher energy efficiency and the resulting improvement in the carbon footprint of the electron beam are highlighted. However, there is a lack of practical studies with measurement data to quantify the potential of the technology. In this work, a comparative life cycle assessment between wire electron beam additive manufacturing (DED-EB) and laser powder additive manufacturing (DED-LB) is carried out. This involves determining the resources for manufacturing, producing a test component using both processes, and measuring the entire energy consumption. The environmental impact is then estimated using the factors global warming potential (GWP100), photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP), acidification potential (AP), and eutrophication potential (EP). It can be seen that wire electron beam additive manufacturing is characterized by a significantly lower energy requirement. In addition, the use of wire ensures greater resource efficiency, which leads to overall better life cycle assessment results.
Dynamic Regulation of Hydrogen Bonding Networks and Solvation Structures for Synergistic Solar-Thermal Desalination of Seawater and Catalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants
Authors: Yu Ming-Yuan , Wu Jing , Yin Guang , Jiao Fan-Zhen , Yu Zhong-Zhen , Qu Jin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAlthough solar steam generation strategy is efficient in desalinating seawater, it is still challenging to achieve continuous solar-thermal desalination of seawater and catalytic degradation of organic pollutants. Herein, dynamic regulations of hydrogen bonding networks and solvation structures are realized by designing an asymmetric bilayer membrane consisting of a bacterial cellulose/carbon nanotube/Co2(OH)2CO3 nanorod top layer and a bacterial cellulose/Co2(OH)2CO3 nanorod (BCH) bottom layer. Crucially, the hydrogen bonding networks inside the membrane can be tuned by the rich surface –OH groups of the bacterial cellulose and Co2(OH)2CO3 as well as the ions and radicals in situ generated during the catalysis process. Moreover, both SO42− and HSO5− can regulate the solvation structure of Na+ and be adsorbed more preferentially on the evaporation surface than Cl−, thus hindering the de-solvation of the solvated Na+ and subsequent nucleation/growth of NaCl. Furthermore, the heat generated by the solar-thermal energy conversion can accelerate the reaction kinetics and enhance the catalytic degradation efficiency. This work provides a flow-bed water purification system with an asymmetric solar-thermal and catalytic membrane for synergistic solar thermal desalination of seawater/brine and catalytic degradation of organic pollutants.
Preparation of nano Cu-Mo2C interface supported on ordered mesoporous biochar of ultrahigh surface area for reverse water gas shift reaction
Authors: Pan Xueyuan , Sun Hao , Ma Mingzhe , Liao Haiquan , Zhan Guowu , Wang Kui , Fan Mengmeng , Xu Jingcheng , Ding Linfei , Sun Kang , Jiang Jianchun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHigh conversion rate and selectivity are challenges for CO2 utilization through catalytic reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction. Herein, a novel mesoporous biochar (MB) supported Cu-Mo2C nano-interface was prepared by consecutive physical activation of coconut shells followed by carbothermal hydrogen reduction of bimetal. As compared with traditional carbon materials, this MB exhibited ultra-high specific surface area (2693 m2 g–1) and mesopore volume of mesopore (0.81 cm3 g–1) with a narrow distribution (2–5 nm), responsible for the high dispersion of binary Cu-Mo2C sites, CO2 adsorption and mass transfer in the reaction system. Moderate carbothermal reduction led to the sufficient reduction of Mo ion with carbon matrix of MB and dispersive growth of nano Cu-Mo2C binary sites (~ 6.1 nm) on the surface of MB. Cu+ species were formed from Cu0 via electron transfer and showed high dispersion with simultaneous boosted bimetal loading due to the strong interaction between nano Mo2C and Cu. These were advantageous to the intrinsic activity and stability of the Cu-Mo2C binary sites and their accessibility to the reactant molecules. Under the RWGS reaction conditions of 500 °C, atmospheric pressure, and 300,000 ml/g/h gas hour space velocity, the CO2 conversion rate over Cu-Mo2C/MB reached 27.74 × 10–5 molCO2/gcat/s at very low H2 partial pressure, which was more than twice that over traditional carbon supported Cu-Mo2C catalysts. In addition, this catalyst exhibited 99.08% CO selectivity and high stability for more than 50 h without a decrease in activity and selectivity. This study offers a new development strategy and a promising candidate for industrial RWGS.
Graphical Abstract
Immunohistochemical Analysis of GATA2 Expression in Endometrium and its Relationship with Hormone Receptor Expression in Benign and Premalignant Endometrial Disorders
Authors: Keske Aysenur , Polaki Usha S. , Matson Daniel R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe GATA gene family encodes highly conserved zinc-finger transcription factors that facilitate the development and function of multiple organ systems including the uterus. In the endometrium, GATA2 functions in a positive autoregulatory loop with the progesterone receptor (PGR) and colocalizes with PGR on chromatin to promote PGR transcriptional programs. GATA2 also has PGR-independent functions that maintain endometrial cell identity, and GATA2 transcripts reportedly are down-regulated in endometrial disorders including endometriosis. This event is accompanied by a reciprocal increase in GATA6. Here, we applied custom anti-GATA2 monoclonal antibodies and performed GATA2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) on patient endometrial tissues corresponding to proliferative, secretory, inactive, and hormone-treated endometrium, as well as endometriosis and endometrial atypical hyperplasia/endometrioid intraepithelial neoplasia (EAH/EIN). We also performed IHC for the estrogen receptor, PGR, and GATA6 in relevant groups. The results reveal a tight correlation between GATA2 and PGR expression in the glandular and stromal cells of benign endometrium. GATA2 expression is markedly reduced in stromal but not glandular cells in endometriosis and EAH/EIN. This reduction in GATA2 expression does not lead to a detectable increase in GATA6 expression in endometriosis. Although average glandular GATA2 expression was preserved in endometriosis and EAH/EIN cases, its expression was decoupled from PGR, implying that alternative pathways regulate GATA2 levels in these disorders. Our findings indicate that GATA2 dysregulation is a feature of endometriosis and EAH/EIN, and support a model whereby loss of stromal GATA2 in these disorders contributes to their progesterone insensitivity.
Design of some phthalazine molecules as novel VEGFR-2 target inhibitors through 3D-QSAR modeling, molecular docking and dynamic simulation and pharmacokinetics profiling
Authors: Umar Abdullahi Bello , Abdullahi Sagiru Hamza , Patil Rajesh B. , Uzairu Adamu , Shallangwa Gideon Adamu , Uba Sani 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBreast cancer is one of the dominant cause of cancer-related mortality in females, with an incidence of approximately 1.3 million cases annually, necessitating the development of effective therapeutic strategies. In this study, 3D-QSAR models were reported based on Phthalazine derivatives as VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The activities of these derivatives were correlated with the steric (S), electrostatic (E), hydrogen bond acceptor (A), and donor (D), and hydrophobic (H) fields, which served as critical parameters in model development. Statistical studies of these models showed that the best models are; CoMFA_S (Q2 = 0.623, R2 = 0.941), and CoMSIA_E + D (Q2 = 0.615, R2 = 0.977). Based on the insights from the model fields and docking simulation of the template (compound 17), twelve molecules were designed. These novel molecules exhibited stronger potency compared to the template and the standard, Sorafenib. Compound 17A emerged as the most potent, with pIC50 = 5.98, for CoMFA_S and 5.85, for CoMSIA_E + D, and a strong docking affinity of − 97.271 kcal/mol, therefore subjected to a 100-ns MD simulation. Results indicate better interaction and stabilizing potential over Sorafenib, due to the lower RMSD, RMSF, Rg, values and favorable hydrogen bond analyses. These conclusions were validated by Gibbs free energy analysis and MM-GBSA calculations, revealing a more favorable interaction free energy of − 18.48 kcal/mol related to Sorafenib. Furthermore, these designed compounds demonstrated promising pharmacokinetic profiles.
Speaking Sense: A Hybrid Source of Justification for Self-Knowledge
Authors: Gregory Daniel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Nico Silins [(2012). ‘Judgment as a Guide to Belief.’ In D. Smithies and D. Stoljar (eds), Introspection and Consciousness, pp. 295–327. Oxford: Oxford University Press; (2013). ‘Introspection and Inference.’ Philosophical Studies163, 291–315; (2020). ‘The Evil Demon Inside.’ Philosophy and Phenomenological Research100, 325–343] argues that conscious judgements justify self-attribution of belief in the content judged. In defending his view, he makes use of Moore's paradox, seeking to show how his theory can explain what seems irrational or absurd about sentences of the form, ‘p and I do not believe that p’. I show why his argument strategy is not available to defend the view that conscious judgements can justify the self-attribution of belief in the content judged. I then propose an amended version of his theory, which holds that sincerely asserting a proposition – whether aloud or silently – justifies self-ascribing belief in the proposition expressed. In doing so, I draw on an argument which I made in Gregory [(2018). ‘The Feeling of Sincerity: Inner Speech and the Phenomenology of Assertion.’ Thought7, 225–236] that there is something it is like to make a sincere assertion which is different from what it is like to make an insincere assertion. The phenomenology of sincere assertion provides immediate justification for self-ascription of belief in a proposition which has been sincerely asserted; nonetheless, it may be that we need to interpret our own assertions in order to determine which propositions they express. This paves the way for showing how two competing schools of thought about self-knowledge – one which holds that self-knowledge is immediate and one which holds that self-knowledge is inferential – might be combined.
Clinical characteristics associated with hospital-onset bacteremia and fungemia among cancer and transplant patients
Authors: Yu Kalvin C. , O’Horo John C. , Ai ChinEn , Jung Molly , Bastow Samantha 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjective:This study quantified the burden of hospital-onset bacteremia and fungemia (HOB) among cancer and transplant patients compared to other patients.Methods:A retrospective cross-sectional study used data from 41 hospitals between October 2015 and June 2019. Hospitalizations were segmented into categories using diagnosis-related groups (DRG): myeloproliferative (MP) cancer, solid tumor cancer, transplant, and non-cancer/non-transplant (“reference group”). To quantify the association between DRG and HOB, multivariable adjusted Poisson regression models were fit. Analyses were stratified by length of stay (LOS).Results:Of 645,315 patients, 59% were female and the majority 41 years of age or older (76%). Hospitalizations with MP cancer and transplant demonstrated higher HOB burden compared to the reference group, regardless of LOS category. For all hospitalizations, the >30 days LOS category had a higher burden of HOB. The median time to reportable HOB was within 30 days regardless of duration of hospitalization (reference, 8 days; solid tumor cancer, 8 days; transplant, 12 days; MP cancer, 13 days).Conclusion:MP cancer and transplant patients had a higher burden of HOB compared to other hospitalized patients regardless of LOS. Whether these infections are preventable should be further evaluated to inform quality metrics involving reportable bacteremia and fungemia.
Carbohydrate intakes, food sources and tracking in Australian young children
Authors: Tesfaye Tinsae Shemelise , Szymlek-Gay Ewa A. , Campbell Karen J. , Zheng Miaobing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCarbohydrate intake and key food sources of carbohydrates in early childhood are poorly understood. The present study described total carbohydrate intake and subtypes (i.e. starch, sugar), their primary food sources and their tracking among young Australian children. Data from children at ages 9 months (n 393), 18 months (n 284), 3·5 years (n 244) and 5 years (n 240) from the Melbourne InFANT Program were used. Three 24-hour recalls assessed dietary intakes. The 2007 AUSNUT Food Composition Database was used to calculate carbohydrates intake and food groups. Descriptive statistics summarised total carbohydrate and subtype intake and their main food sources. Tracking was examined using Pearson correlations of residualised scores between time points. Total carbohydrate, starch and sugar intakes (g/d) increased across early childhood. The percentage of energy from total carbohydrates (% E) remained stable overtime (48·4–50·5 %). From ages 9 months to 5 years, the %E from total sugar decreased from 29·4 % to 22·6 %, while the %E from starch increased from 16·7 % to 26·0 %. Sources of total carbohydrate intake changed from infant formula at 9 months to bread/cereals, fruits and milk/milk products at 18 months, 3·5 and 5 years. Across all time points, the primary sources of total sugar intake were fruit, milk/milk products and cakes/cookies, whereas main food groups for starch intake included bread/cereals, cakes/cookies and pasta. Weak to moderate tracking of total carbohydrates, total sugar and starch (g/d) was observed. These findings may have the potential to inform the refinement of carbohydrate intake recommendations and design of interventions to improve children’s carbohydrate intake.
A first record of a suspected intestinal myiasis caused by Muscina stabulans (Fallén 1817) (Diptera: Muscidae) in Southern South America
Authors: Aballay Fernando H. , Saloña-Bordas Marta I. , Perotti M. Alejandra 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We report a case of a suspected intestinal myiasis of a child from Southeast Argentina. Diptera larvae were sampled by a physician from the nappy worn by the child and submitted for examination and identification to the Laboratorio de Artrópodos (Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata). Based on diagnosis of the anterior and posterior spiracles and mouthparts, the larvae were identified as the false stable fly Muscina stabulans (Fallén, 1817) (Diptera: Muscidae). A comparison of diagnostic characters between Argentinean and European third instars of this species is presented. Muscina stabulans is a prevalent species in the district of General Pueyrredón, Buenos Aires province, where the case occurred. Its abundance in the area coincidentally peaked at the time of the infestation. This is the 1st report of M. stabulans as a suspect of intestinal myiasis for the whole of the southern cone of South America (Chile and Argentina).
Social processes as the missing link: cross-sectionally testing a conceptual model on social mediators of early psychopathological development
Authors: Achterhof Robin , Kirtley Olivia J. , Lafit Ginette , Hiekkaranta Anu P. , Hagemann Noëmi , Hermans Karlijn S. F. M. , Lecei Aleksandra , Boets Bart , Henquet Cécile , Schneider Maude , Sips Rob , Vaessen Thomas , van Winkel Ruud , Viechtbauer Wolfgang , Reininghaus Ulrich , Myin-Germeys Inez 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundResearch suggests that most mental health conditions have their onset in the critically social period of adolescence. Yet, we lack understanding of the potential social processes underlying early psychopathological development. We propose a conceptual model where daily-life social interactions and social skills form an intermediate link between known risk and protective factors (adverse childhood experiences, bullying, social support, maladaptive parenting) and psychopathology in adolescents – that is explored using cross-sectional data.MethodsN = 1913 Flemish adolescent participants (Mean age = 13.8; 63% girls) were assessed as part of the SIGMA study, a large-scale, accelerated longitudinal study of adolescent mental health and development. Self-report questionnaires (on risk/protective factors, social skills, and psychopathology) were completed during class time; daily-life social interactions were measured during a subsequent six-day experience-sampling period.ResultsRegistered uncorrected multilevel linear regression results revealed significant associations between all risk/protective factors and psychopathology, between all risk/protective factors and social processes, and between all social processes and psychopathology. Social processes (social skills, quantity/quality of daily social interactions) were uniquely predicted by each risk/protective factor and were uniquely associated with both general and specific types of psychopathology. For older participants, some relationships between social processes and psychopathology were stronger.ConclusionsUnique associations between risk/protective factors and psychopathology signify the distinct relevance of these factors for youth mental health, whereas the broad associations with social processes support these processes as broad correlates. Results align with the idea of a social pathway toward early psychopathology, although follow-up longitudinal research is required to verify any mediation effect.
Associations between polygenic scores for cognitive and non-cognitive factors of educational attainment and measures of behavior, psychopathology, and neuroimaging in the adolescent brain cognitive development study
Authors: Gorelik Aaron J. , Paul Sarah E. , Miller Alex P. , Baranger David A. A. , Lin Shuyu , Zhang Wei , Elsayed Nourhan M. , Modi Hailey , Addala Pooja , Bijsterbosch Janine , Barch Deanna M. , Karcher Nicole R. , Hatoum Alexander S. , Agrawal Arpana , Bogdan Ryan , Johnson Emma C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundEducational attainment (EduA) is correlated with life outcomes, and EduA itself is influenced by both cognitive and non-cognitive factors. A recent study performed a ‘genome-wide association study (GWAS) by subtraction,’ subtracting genetic effects for cognitive performance from an educational attainment GWAS to create orthogonal ‘cognitive’ and ‘non-cognitive’ factors. These cognitive and non-cognitive factors showed associations with behavioral health outcomes in adults; however, whether these correlations are present during childhood is unclear.MethodsUsing data from up to 5517 youth (ages 9–11) of European ancestry from the ongoing Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study, we examined associations between polygenic scores (PGS) for cognitive and non-cognitive factors and cognition, risk tolerance, decision-making & personality, substance initiation, psychopathology, and brain structure (e.g. volume, fractional anisotropy [FA]). Within-sibling analyses estimated whether observed genetic associations may be consistent with direct genetic effects.ResultsBoth PGSs were associated with greater cognition and lower impulsivity, drive, and severity of psychotic-like experiences. The cognitive PGS was also associated with greater risk tolerance, increased odds of choosing delayed reward, and decreased likelihood of ADHD and bipolar disorder; the non-cognitive PGS was associated with lack of perseverance and reward responsiveness. Cognitive PGS were more strongly associated with larger regional cortical volumes; non-cognitive PGS were more strongly associated with higher FA. All associations were characterized by small effects.ConclusionsWhile the small sizes of these associations suggest that they are not effective for prediction within individuals, cognitive and non-cognitive PGS show unique associations with phenotypes in childhood at the population level.
A novel dual-site OFC-dlPFC accelerated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for depression: a pilot randomized controlled study
Authors: Cui Hailun , Ding Hui , Hu Lingyan , Zhao Yijie , Shu Yanping , Voon Valerie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate a novel rTMS protocol for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), using an EEG 10–20 system guided dual-target accelerated approach of right lateral orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC) inhibition followed by left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) excitation, along with comparing 20 Hz dlPFC accelerated TMS v. sham.MethodsSeventy five patients participated in this trial consisting of 20 sessions over 5 consecutive days comparing dual-site (cTBS of right lOFC followed sequentially by 20 Hz rTMS of left dlPFC), active control (sham right lOFC followed by 20 Hz rTMS of left dlPFC) and sham control (sham for both targets). Resting-state fMRI was acquired prior to and following treatment.ResultsHamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD-24) scores were similarly significantly improved at 4 weeks in both the Dual and Single group relative to Sham. Planned comparisons immediately after treatment highlighted greater HRSD-24 clinical responders (Dual: 47.8% v. Single:18.2% v. Sham:4.3%, χ2 = 13.0, p = 0.002) and in PHQ-9 scores by day 5 in the Dual relative to Sham group. We further showed that accelerated 20 Hz stimulation targeting the left dlPFC (active control) is significantly better than sham at 4 weeks. Dual stimulation decreased lOFC-subcallosal cingulate functional connectivity. Greater baseline lOFC-thalamic connectivity predicted better therapeutic response, while decreased lOFC-thalamic connectivity correlated with better response.ConclusionsOur novel accelerated dual TMS protocol shows rapid clinically relevant antidepressant efficacy which may be related to state-modulation. This study has implications for community-based accessible TMS without neuronavigation and rapid onset targeting suicidal ideation and accelerated discharge from hospital.
The dynamic effects of becoming disabled on work, wages and wellbeing in the UK from 1991 to 2018
Authors: Dickson Matt , Skinner Tina , Forrester-Jones Rachel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Over recent decades it has consistently been shown that disabled adults in the UK fare worse in the labour market and have lower levels of wellbeing than non-disabled adults. However, this is in part due to the selection into dis-ability of those with existing socio-economic disadvantages. In this article, we use panel data from the combined British Household Panel Survey and Understanding Society, covering the 27 years from 1991 to 2018, to distinguish between the effect of selection, the effect of dis-ability onset and the effect of dis-ability duration on a range of labour market and wellbeing outcomes. We show that there is important selection both into dis-ability and into longer experience of dis-ability on the basis of observable characteristics. We also show the importance of controlling for time-invariant unobservable individual characteristics that similarly affect selection into dis-ability and duration of dis-ability. Even after controlling for both forms of selection, we find significant negative effects of dis-ability onset and duration, and offer policy solutions to address them.