bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of W on hydrogen transport property of Nb45Ti27.5Ni27.5 alloy membranes
Authors: Yang Yang , Liu Dongrong , Zhu Zhifei , Liu Guohuai 
Published: October 2017

Alloying influences of tungsten (W) into Nb[Formula: see text]Ti[Formula: see text]Ni[Formula: see text] on the microstructure, hydrogen solubility, diffusivity, permeability and resistance to hydrogen embrittlement have been investigated. Four experimental temperatures (673, 623, 573 and 523 K) have been used. It is found that the addition of W (5 at.% and 10 at.%) reduces the hydrogen solubility. The constitution of phases is not changed with W addition, whereas volume fraction of primary bcc-niobium (Nb) phase is distinctly reduced for the content of 10 at.% W. The hydrogen permeability and diffusivity increase for Nb[Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text]Ti[Formula: see text]Ni[Formula: see text] only at lower temperatures such as 573 K and 523 K. Addition of 10 at.% W causes an obvious reduction in the permeability and diffusivity. The Nb[Formula: see text]Ti[Formula: see text]Ni[Formula: see text] alloy membrane fractures at 125[Formula: see text]C, while Nb[Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text]Ti[Formula: see text]Ni[Formula: see text] and Nb[Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text]Ti[Formula: see text]Ni[Formula: see text] alloy membranes keep intact when temperature reaches to 100[Formula: see text]C. In comparison with Nb[Formula: see text]Ti[Formula: see text]Ni[Formula: see text], the present research confirms that Nb[Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text]Ti[Formula: see text]Ni[Formula: see text] exhibits an enhancement in hydrogen permeability at relatively lower temperatures and an improvement in embrittlement resistance.
Fluorescein-Guided Surgery for Resection of High-Grade Gliomas: A Multicentric Prospective Phase II Study (FLUOGLIO)
Authors: Acerbi Francesco , Broggi Morgan , Schebesch Karl-Michael , Höhne Julius , Cavallo Claudio , De Laurentis Camilla , Eoli Marica , Anghileri Elena , Servida Maura , Boffano Carlo , Pollo Bianca , Schiariti Marco , Visintini Sergio , Montomoli Cristina , Bosio Lorenzo , La Corte Emanuele , Broggi Giovanni , Brawanski Alexander , Ferroli Paolo 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Purpose: Sodium fluorescein is a dye that, intravenously injected, selectively accumulates in high-grade glioma (HGG) tissue through a damaged blood–brain barrier. In this article, the final results of a multicentric prospective phase II trial (FLUOGLIO) on fluorescein-guided HGG resection through a dedicated filter on the surgical microscope were reported.
Methods: Patients with suspected HGGs considered suitable for removal were eligible to participate in this trial. Fluorescein was intravenously injected at a dose of 5 to 10 mg/kg. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients with histologically confirmed HGGs, without contrast-enhancing tumor at the immediate postoperative MRI. Secondary endpoints were PFS, residual tumor on postoperative MRI, overall survival, neurologic deficits, and fluorescein-related toxicity. The sensitivity and specificity of fluorescein in identifying tumor tissue were estimated by fluorescent and nonfluorescent biopsies at the tumor margin. The study was registered on the European Regulatory Authorities website (EudraCT 2011-002527-18).
Results: Fifty-seven patients aged 45 to 75 years were screened for participation, and 46 were considered for primary and secondary endpoints. Mean preoperative tumor volume was 28.75 cm3 (range, 1.3–87.8 cm3). Thirty-eight patients (82.6%) underwent a complete tumor removal. Median follow-up was 11 months. PFS-6 and PFS-12 were 56.6% and 15.2%. Median survival was 12 months. No adverse reaction related to SF administration was recorded. The sensitivity and specificity of fluorescein in identifying tumor tissue were respectively 80.8% and 79.1%.
Conclusions: Fluorescein-guided technique with a dedicated filter on the surgical microscope is safe and enables a high percentage of contrast-enhancing tumor in patients with HGGs. Clin Cancer Res; 24(1); 52–61. ©2017 AACR.
PD-1 Blockade Prevents the Development and Progression of Carcinogen-Induced Oral Premalignant Lesions
Authors: Wang Jin , Xie Tongxin , Wang Bingbing , William William N. , Heymach John V. , El-Naggar Adel K. , Myers Jeffrey N. , Caulin Carlos 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is preceded by progressive oral premalignant lesions (OPL). Therefore, therapeutic strategies that prevent malignant progression of OPLs are expected to reduce the incidence of OSCC development. Immune checkpoint inhibitors that target the interaction of programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) on T cells with the PD-1 ligand PD-L1 on cancer cells have been shown to extend the survival of patients with advanced OSCC. Here, we used the 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO) mouse model of oral carcinogenesis to test the hypothesis that PD-1 blockade may control the progression of OPLs. Mice were exposed to 4-NQO in their drinking water and then randomly assigned to two treatment groups that received either a blocking antibody for PD-1 or a control IgG. We found that anti–PD-1 treatment significantly reduced the number of oral lesions that developed in these mice and prevented malignant progression. Low-grade dysplastic lesions responded to PD-1 blockade with a significant increase in the recruitment of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells and the accumulation of CTLA-4+ T cells in their microenvironment. Notably, PD-1 inhibition was accompanied by induction of IFNγ, STAT1 activation and the production of the T-cell effector granzyme B in infiltrating cells, and by the induction of apoptosis in the epithelial cells of the oral lesions, suggesting that T-cell activation mediates the immunopreventive effects of anti–PD-1. These results support the potential clinical benefit of PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade to prevent OSCC development and progression and suggest that CTLA-4 inhibitors may enhance the preventive effects of anti–PD-1. Cancer Prev Res; 10(12); 684–93. ©2017 AACR.
See related editorial by Gutkind et al., p. 681
α-Galactosidase A Genotype N215S Induces a Specific Cardiac Variant of Fabry Disease
Authors: Oder Daniel , Liu Dan , Hu Kai , Üçeyler Nurcan , Salinger Tim , Müntze Jonas , Lorenz Kristina , Kandolf Reinhard , Gröne Hermann-Josef , Sommer Claudia , Ertl Georg , Wanner Christoph , Nordbeck Peter 
Published: October 2017

Background—
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common type of cardiomyopathy, but many patients lack sarcomeric/myofilament mutations. We studied whether cardio-specific α-galactosidase A gene variants are misinterpreted as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy because of the lack of extracardiac organ involvement.

Methods and Results—

All subjects who tested positive for the N215S genotype (n=26, 13 females, mean age 49±17 [range, 14–74] years) were characterized in this prospective monocentric longitudinal cohort study to determine genotype-specific clinical characteristics of the N215S (c.644A>G [p.Asn215Ser]) α-galactosidase A gene variant. All subjects were initially referred with suspicion of genetically determined hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Cardiac hypertrophy (interventricular septum, 12±4 [7–23] mm; left ventricular posterior wall, 11±4 [7–21] mm; left ventricular mass, 86±41 [46–195] g/m
2
) was progressive, systolic function mainly preserved (cardiac index 2.8±0.6 [1.9–3.9] L/min per m
2
), and diastolic function mildly abnormal. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed replacement fibrosis in
loco typico
(18/26, 69%), particularly in subjects >50 years. Elderly subjects had advanced heart failure, and 6 (23%) were suggested for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy. Leukocyte α-galactosidase A enzyme activity was mildly reduced in 19 subjects and lyso-globotriaosylceramide slightly elevated (median, 4.9; interquartile range, 1.3–9.1 ng/mL). Neurological and renal impairments (serum creatinine, 0.87±0.20; median, 0.80; interquartile range, 0.70–1.01 mg/dL; glomerular filtration rate, 102±23; median, 106; interquartile range, 84–113 mL/min) were discreet. Only 2 subjects developed clinically relevant proteinuria.

Conclusions—
α-Galactosidase A genotype N215S does not lead to the development of a classical Fabry phenotype but induces a specific cardiac variant of Fabry disease mimicking nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The lack of prominent noncardiac impairment leads to a significant delay in diagnosis and Fabry-specific therapy.
Population-Based Study on Patterns of Cardiac Stress Testing After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Bagai Akshay , Eberg Maria , Koh Maria , Cheema Asim N. , Yan Andrew T. , Dhoot Arti , Bhavnani Sanjeev P. , Wijeysundera Harindra C. , Bhatia R. Sacha , Kaul Padma , Goodman Shaun G. , Ko Dennis T. 
Published: October 2017

Background—
The appropriate use criteria considers cardiac stress testing within 2 years after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to be rarely appropriate, unless prompted by symptoms or change in clinical status. Little is known about the patterns of cardiac stress testing after PCI in the single-payer Canadian healthcare system, where mechanisms for reimbursement are different from the United States.

Methods and Results—
Frequency and timing of cardiac stress testing within 2 years of PCI performed between April 2004 and March 2013 in Ontario, Canada, was determined from linked provincial databases. Subsequent rates of coronary angiography and revascularization after stress testing were ascertained. Of the 112 691 patients with PCI, 67 442 (59.8%) underwent at least 1 stress test, with 38 267 (34.0%) undergoing repeat stress testing (ie, >1 stress test) within 2 years. Patients who underwent stress testing were younger, had less medical comorbidities, were more likely to reside in urban areas, and had higher incomes. Spikes in incidence of repeat stress testing were observed at 3 to 4 months, 6 to 7 months, and 12 to 13 months after the prior stress test. Of those tested, only 5.9% underwent subsequent coronary angiography, and only 3.1% underwent repeat revascularization within 60 days of stress testing.

Conclusions—
More than half of all patients undergo cardiac stress testing within 2 years of PCI, with one third undergoing repeat stress tests. Only 1 of 30 tested patients underwent repeat revascularization. These findings reinforce the appropriate use criteria recommendations against routine stress testing after PCI. Further work is needed to aid with the selection of patients most likely to benefit from stress testing after PCI.
Incidence and Outcomes of Myocardial Infarction in Patients Admitted With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Alqahtani Fahad , Aljohani Sami , Tarabishy Abdul , Busu Tatiana , Adcock Amelia , Alkhouli Mohamad 
Published: October 2017

Background and Purpose—
Data on the incidence and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicating acute ischemic stroke (AIS) are limited. We aim to evaluate the incidence, treatment patterns, and outcomes of AMI in patients with AIS using a nationwide database.

Methods—
The National Inpatient Sample was used to identify patient with AIS between 2003 and 2014. Trends of incidence of AMI and its associated in-hospital mortality were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to evaluate predictors of AMI. The impact of AMI on in-hospital outcomes was assessed in a comparative analysis of propensity-matched groups of patients with and without AMI.

Results—

Patients with AIS (n=864 043) were identified in the national inpatient sample, of whom 13 573 patients (1.6%) had an AMI (79.5% non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction and 20.5% ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction). In-hospital mortality was 21.4% and 7.1% in propensity-matched cohorts of patients with and without AMI,
P
<0.001. In-hospital length of stay and cost of care were 50% higher in the AMI group. In a multivariate logistical regression analysis, the strongest predictors of having AMI after AIS were older age, history of coronary artery disease, chronic renal insufficiency, undergoing mechanical thrombectomy, and rhythm and conduction abnormalities. In the AMI group, undergoing coronary angiography and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention both strongly correlated with lower in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 0.34 [confidence interval, 0.23–0.51] and 0.26 [confidence interval, 0.20–0.34], respectively,
P
<0.001). However, these were only performed in 7.5% and 2% of patients, respectively.

Conclusions—
AMI complicating stroke carries a substantial in-hospital mortality and cost of care. Patients who underwent coronary angiography with or without intervention may have improved survival although it was only utilized in a minority of patients. Further studies needed to discern the ideal approach in AMI in patients with AIS.
Description of Ruehmaphelenchus quercophilus n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) from dying oak, Quercus robur, in Poland
Authors: Maria Munawar , Gu Jianfeng , Tomalak Marek , Fang Yiwu , Li Hongmei 
Published: October 2017

Ruehmaphelenchus quercophilus n. sp., isolated from a dying oak, Quercus robur, in the State Forests, Łopuchówko District, Poland, is described and figured. It is characterised by three lateral lines, relatively stout body, excretory pore posterior to nerve ring, five caudal papillae, spicules relatively small (12-14 μm) with weakly developed condylus and rostrum, bursa absent, vulva positioned at ca 78% of body length, vulval flap absent, post-uterine branch extending for slightly over half of vulva to anus distance, and conoid tail with a bend at the distal end forming a terminal projection 10-14 μm long. The new species is very similar to four other described species, namely R. formosanus, R. juliae, R. thailandae, and R. sirisus. Detailed phylogenetic analysis based on 18S, 28S D2-D3 and ITS sequences has confirmed the status of this nematode as a new species.
An Efficient Scheme for Onboard Reduction of Moored χpod Data
Authors: Becherer Johannes , Moum James N. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA scheme for significantly reducing data sampled on turbulence devices (χpods) deployed on remote oceanographic moorings is proposed. Each χpod is equipped with a pitot-static tube, two fast-response thermistors, a three-axis linear accelerometer, and a compass. In preprocessing, voltage means, variances, and amplitude of the subrange (inertial-convective subrange of the turbulence) of the voltage spectrum representing the temperature gradient are computed. Postprocessing converts voltages to engineering units, in particular mean flow speed (and velocity), temperature, temperature gradient, and the rate of destruction of the temperature variance χ from which other turbulence quantities, such as heat flux, are derived. On 10-min averages, this scheme reduces the data by a factor of roughly 24 000 with a small (5%) low bias compared to complete estimates using inertial-convective subrange scaling of calibrated temperature gradient spectra.
Effects of whole-body vibration on balance and mobility in institutionalized older adults: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lam Freddy MH , Chan Philip FL , Liao LR , Woo Jean , Hui Elsie , Lai Charles WK , Kwok Timothy CY , Pang Marco YC 
Published: October 2017

Objective: To investigate whether a comprehensive exercise program was effective in improving physical function among institutionalized older adults and whether adding whole-body vibration to the program conferred additional therapeutic benefits. Design: A single-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted. Setting: This study was carried out in residential care units. Participants: In total, 73 older adults (40 women, mean age: 82.3 ± 7.3 years) were enrolled into this study. Interventions: Participants were randomly allocated to one of the three groups: strength and balance program combined with whole-body vibration, strength and balance program without whole-body vibration, and social and recreational activities consisting of upper limb exercises only. All participants completed three training sessions per week for eight weeks. Outcome measures: Assessment of mobility, balance, lower limb strength, walking endurance, and self-perceived balance confidence were conducted at baseline and immediately after the eight-week intervention. Incidences of falls requiring medical attention were recorded for one year after the end of the training period. Results: A significant time × group interaction was found for lower limb strength (five-times-sit-to-stand test; P = 0.048), with the exercise-only group showing improvement (pretest: 35.8 ± 16.1 seconds; posttest: 29.0 ± 9.8 seconds), compared with a decline in strength among controls (pretest: 27.1 ± 10.4 seconds; posttest: 28.7 ± 12.3 seconds; P = 0.030). The exercise with whole-body vibration group had a significantly better outcome in balance confidence (pretest: 39.2 ± 29.0; posttest: 48.4 ± 30.6) than the exercise-only group (pretest: 35.9 ± 24.8; posttest: 38.2 ± 26.5; P = 0.033). Conclusion: The exercise program was effective in improving lower limb strength among institutionalized older adults but adding whole-body vibration did not enhance its effect. Whole-body vibration may improve balance confidence without enhancing actual balance performance.
Time to Occurrence Based on Risk Stratification of Hospital-Acquired Venous Thromboembolism: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Tatara Alexandra W. , Ruegger Melanie , Adeola Mobolaji , Putney David 
Published: October 2017

Background: In-hospital venous thromboembolism (VTE) causes significant morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. The objective of our study is to determine the time to in-hospital VTE based on baseline risk stratification. Methods: All adult patients admitted to a 900-bed academic tertiary referral hospital who developed a VTE during hospital admission from September 1, 2011, to June 30, 2015, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were excluded if they were younger than 18 years or if the VTE was present on admission. Results: The cohort included 400 patients, 224 (56%) males, median age 66 years. The median time to VTE was 8 days. Significant differences in time to VTE existed between the risk groups. Conclusion: Time to VTE in a broad hospitalized patient population differs based on admission risk group. This finding highlights the importance of performing risk assessment upon admission and subsequently with clinical changes to assess increases in risk scores.
Development of a Statewide Antibiogram to Assess Regional Trends in Antibiotic-Resistant ESKAPE Organisms
Authors: Guarascio Anthony J. , Brickett Laura M. , Porter Timothy J. , Lee Nancy D. , Gorse Erin E. , Covvey Jordan R. 
Published: October 2017

Background: Hospitals and other facilities utilize antibiograms as tools for optimal antibiotic selection. Currently, no measures compare broad trends on the regional level, despite interest for more comprehensive data, particularly for antibiotic-resistant ESKAPE organisms. Objective: To collect and compare regional health-care facility antibiogram data for ESKAPE organisms to form a cumulative antibiogram. Methods: Health-care facilities were identified using the publicly accessible Pennsylvania Department of Health web site. Facilities were contacted by phone from June 2015 to 2016 to ascertain participation/consent for the study. An electronic questionnaire ascertained baseline facility characteristics. Facilities provided quantitative antibiotic susceptibility data via antibiograms. Antibiogram data were synthesized as cumulative susceptibilities, stratified by urban/suburban versus rural location. Results: Forty-five facilities were included in the study (n = 18 urban/suburban, n = 27 rural). The overall prevalence of methicillin-resistant S aureus was 41.5%, stratified at 40.6% and 43.3% in urban/suburban and rural facilities, respectively ( P < .001). Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus prevalence was 18.8% overall, with 27.7% in urban/suburban and 14.0% in rural facilities ( P < .001). Generally, lower susceptibility rates were found for high-utilization beta-lactams across gram-negative organisms in urban/suburban facilities. Conclusions: Development of a regional cumulative antibiogram that targets key ESKAPE pathogens is feasible, while observed trends may help aid future antimicrobial stewardship efforts.
Brexpiprazole: a new leaf on the partial dopamine agonist branch
Authors: Hope Judy , Castle David , Keks Nicholas A 
Published: October 2017

Objectives: Brexpiprazole is a new dopamine partial agonist antipsychotic in the same class as aripiprazole. This paper will briefly review brexpiprazole and compare it with aripiprazole. Conclusions: Brexpiprazole and aripiprazole are both partial agonists at dopamine D2, and serotonin 5-HT1A and antagonists at serotonin 5-HT2A and noradrenergic α1B receptors. However, the two drugs are significantly different in potencies at various receptors; neurochemical profiles predict that brexpiprazole may be comparable with aripiprazole in its antipsychotic efficacy but may cause less akathisia, extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) and activation. In pivotal trials brexpiprazole demonstrated antipsychotic efficacy in short and long-term studies; it was also found to be an effective adjunct in patients with major depression resistant to antidepressants. Akathisia can occur early in treatment with brexpiprazole, as can minor weight gain and prolactin elevation. Indirect data extrapolations from pivotal studies suggest that brexpiprazole and aripiprazole have comparable efficacy but brexpiprazole may cause less akathisia. Like aripiprazole, brexpiprazole has been approved in the USA for use in schizophrenia and antidepressant-resistant depression. Although much more clinical experience is needed, brexpiprazole appears to be distinct from aripiprazole and a promising new ‘metabolically-friendly’ antipsychotic option for treatment of psychoses and mood disorders.
Pharmacokinetics of praziquantel and pyrantel pamoate combination following oral administration in cats
Authors: Arion Alexandra , Fernández-Varón Emilio , Cárceles Carlos M , Gagyi László , Ognean Laurent 
Published: October 2017

Objectives The pharmacokinetics of praziquantel and pyrantel pamoate has never been reported in cats. The present study was designed to establish the plasma concentration–time profile and to derive pharmacokinetic data for a combined formulation of praziquantel and pyrantel in cats, after a single, oral administration. Methods Twenty-two clinically healthy adult cats were used, each receiving a single oral dose of praziquantel (8.5 mg/kg) and pyrantel (100 mg/kg). Blood samples were collected at regular time points up to 48 h post-dosing. Plasma concentrations of praziquantel and pyrantel were measured using a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry–high-throughput screening method. Results Clinical examination of all cats did not reveal any side effects after oral administration of these medications. The terminal half-life for praziquantel and pyrantel was 1.07 and 1.36 h, respectively. Praziquantel peak concentration (Cmax) was 1140 μg/ml, reached at 1.22 h. The plasma concentrations of pyrantel after oral administration were low with a mean Cmax of 0.11 μg/ml, reached at a Tmax of 1.91 h. Pyrantel showed a very limited absorption as pamoate salt, suggesting permanence and efficacy inside the gastrointestinal tract, where the adult stages of most parasitic nematodes reside. Conclusions and relevance Pyrantel showed a very limited absorption as pamoate salt. Praziquantel was rapidly absorbed following oral administration and the concentrations achieved suggest that praziquantel could be an effective and safe medication in cats. Although some resistance problems are arising as a result of their long use, these anthelminthic products can still play a major role in parasitic control, especially in geographical areas where the high cost of newer treatments or necessity of parenteral administration could decrease the number of treated animals.