bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF LEVOSULPIRIDE AND RABEPRAZOLE SODIUM: A NEW ANALYTICAL Q-ABSORBANCE RATIO APPROACH
Authors: Jhanwar Bharat , Singh Bhupendra , Saini Geetanjali , Verma Surajpal 
Published: September 2017

Objective: The aim of the study was to develop a precise, accurate, and rapid ultraviolet spectrophotometric method for simultaneous estimation of levosulpiride (LEVO) and rabeprazole sodium (RBS) in the binary mixture and to validate the method as per ICH guidelines.Method: Estimation of LEVO and RBS was performed by Q-absorbance method. Analysis was performed using the ratio of absorbance at two selected wavelengths, one at iso-absorptive point and other is the absorbance maxima of any one of the components. Single scan spectrum and the overlain spectrum conclude that absorbance maxima of LEVO and RBS are 228 and 291.8 nm, respectively, with a coinciding iso-absorptive point at 255 nm. Method uses a ratio of absorbance for assay at 255 and the second wavelength is 291.8 nm, λmax for RBS. It is also applicable at 228 nm, as the second wavelength.Results: Linearity of LEVO and RBS was found to be 25-125 and 4-36 μg/ml, respectively. The accuracy of the LEVO and RBS was found 99.26% and 99.51%, respectively and Sandell’s sensitivity ranged between 0.0238 and 0.594 μg/cm2. Assay of LEVO (75 mg) and RBS (20 mg) in capsule dosage form was found 99.5% and 98.69% w/w, respectively.Conclusions: The developed method for the estimation of LEVO and RBS in binary mixture were found to be simple, accurate, robust, and reproducible. No interference of excipients and the degraded product was found during the estimation. Therefore, the method can be successfully applied for routine quality control analysis.RBS) in the binary mixture and to validate the method as per ICH guidelines.Method: Estimation of LEVO and RBS was performed by Q-absorbance method. Analysis was performed using the ratio of absorbance at two selected wavelengths, one at iso-absorptive point and other is the absorbance maxima of any one of the components. Single scan spectrum and the overlain spectrum conclude that absorbance maxima of LEVO and RBS are 228 and 291.8 nm respectively with a coinciding iso-absorptive point at 255 nm. Method uses ratio of absorbance for assay at 255 and the second wavelength is 291.8 nm, λmax for RBS. It is also applicable at 228 nm, as the second wavelength.Results: Linearity of LEVO and RBS were found to be 25-125and 4-36 μg/ml respectively. Accuracy of the LEVO and RBS was found 99.26 and 99.51% respectively and Sandell’s sensitivity ranged between 0.0238 and 0.594 𝜇g/cm2. Assay of LEVO (75 mg) and RBS (20 mg) in capsule dosage form was found 99.5 and 98.69% w/w respectively.Conclusions: The developed method for the estimation of LEVO and RBS in binary mixture were found to be simple, accurate, robust and reproducible. No interference of excipients and the degraded product were found during the estimation. Therefore the method can be successfully applied for routine quality control analysis.
DESIGN AND MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES OF NOVEL ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES USING AUTODOCK MOLECULAR DOCKING SOFTWARE
Authors: Kaur Kiranpreet , Kaur Paranjeet , Mittal Amit , Nayak Surendra Kumar , Khatik Gopal L 
Published: September 2017

Objective: Design of novel antimicrobial peptides and study through the molecular docking.Methods: The molecular structures were drawn in ChemBiodraw ultra and by the help of ChemBiodraw 3D, all structures were energy minimized by theMM2 method and converted to pdbextension file which is readable at the ADT interface. The AutoDock Vina (ADT) 1.5.6 software is used for molecular docking purposes.Results: Eight antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) were designed based on theMP196antimicrobial peptide. Among these KP_03R (FWRWRW-NH2) showed good binding affinity. These peptides also showed the stereochemical influence on affinity toward the3vma protein of E. coli, where AMP with R stereochemistry showed better activity than its opposite stereochemistry. Conclusion: Novel AMPs were designed by modifications on the MP196 a short chain of amino acids antimicrobial peptides. Molecular docking software was used to determine the binding affinity between drug and receptor protein. Among all the designed peptides KP_03R(FWRWRW-NH2) showed the maximum binding affinity against thepenicillin-binding protein of E.coli and also exhibited stereoselective activity.
Amplifying Data Curation Efforts to Improve the Quality of Life Science Data
Authors: Alqasab Mariam , Embury Suzanne M. , De  F.  Mendes  Sampaio Sandra 
Published: September 2017

InÂ the era of dataÂ science, datasets are shared widely and used for many purposes unforeseenÂ by the original creators of the data. Â In Â this context, defects in datasets can have far reaching consequences, Â spreading from dataset to dataset, and affecting the consumers of Â data in ways that are hard to predict or quantify. Â Some form of waste Â is often the result. Â For example, Â scientists using defective data to propose hypotheses for experimentation may waste their limited wet lab resources chasing the wrong experimental targets. Â Scarce drug trial resources may be used to test drugs that actually have little chance of giving a cure. Â Because of the potential real world costs, database owners care about providing high quality data. Automated curation tools can be used to an extent to discover and correct some forms of defect. However, in some areas human curation, performed by highly-trained domain experts, is needed to ensure that the data represents our current interpretation of reality accurately. Human curators are expensive, and there is far more curation work to be done than there are curators available to perform it. Tools and techniques are needed to enable the full value to be obtained from the curation effort currently available.Â In this paper,weÂ exploreÂ oneÂ possible approachÂ toÂ maximisingÂ the Â valueÂ obtained fromÂ human curators, by automatically extracting information about data defects and corrections from the work that the curators do. This information is packaged in a source independent form, to allow it to be used by the owners of other databases (for which human curation effort is not available or is insufficient). Â This amplifies the efforts of the human curators, allowing their work to be applied to other sources, without requiring any additional effort or Â change in their processes or tool sets. We show that this approach can discover significant numbers of defects, which can also be found in other sources.
Diabetes, Prediabetes, and Brain Volumes and Subclinical Cerebrovascular Disease on MRI: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Neurocognitive Study (ARIC-NCS)
Authors: Schneider Andrea L.C. , Selvin Elizabeth , Sharrett A. Richey , Griswold Michael , Coresh Josef , Jack Clifford R. , Knopman David , Mosley Thomas , Gottesman Rebecca F. 
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE
To examine the associations of prediabetes, diabetes, and diabetes severity (as assessed by HbA1c and diabetes duration) with brain volumes and vascular pathology on brain MRI and to assess whether the associations of diabetes with brain volumes are mediated by brain vascular pathology.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Cross-sectional study of 1,713 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Neurocognitive Study (ARIC-NCS) (mean age 75 years, 60% female, 27% black, 30% prediabetes, and 35% diabetes) who underwent 3T brain MRI scans in 2011–2013. Participants were categorized by diabetes-HbA1c status as without diabetes (&lt;5.7% [reference]), with prediabetes (5.7 to &lt;6.5%), and with diabetes ([defined as prior diagnosis or HbA1c ≥6.5%] &lt;7.0% vs. ≥7.0%), with further stratification by diabetes duration (&lt;10 vs. ≥10 years).

RESULTS
In adjusted analyses, compared with participants without diabetes and HbA1c &lt;5.7%, participants with prediabetes and those with diabetes and HbA1c &lt;7.0% did not have significantly different brain volumes or vascular pathology (all P &gt; 0.05), but those with diabetes and HbA1c ≥7.0% had smaller total brain volume (β −0.20 SDs, 95% CI −0.31, −0.09), smaller regional brain volumes (including frontal, temporal, occipital, and parietal lobes; deep gray matter; Alzheimer disease signature region; and hippocampus [all P &lt; 0.05]), and increased burden of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) (P = 0.016). Among participants with diabetes, those with HbA1c ≥7.0% had smaller total and regional brain volumes and an increased burden of WMH (all P &lt; 0.05) compared with those with HbA1c &lt;7.0%. Similarly, participants with longer duration of diabetes (≥10 years) had smaller brain volumes and higher burden of lacunes (all P &lt; 0.05) than those with a diabetes duration &lt;10 years. We found no evidence for mediation by WMH in associations of diabetes with smaller brain volumes by structural equation models (all P &gt; 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
More-severe diabetes (defined by higher HbA1c and longer disease duration) but not prediabetes or less-severe diabetes was associated with smaller brain volumes and an increased burden of brain vascular pathology. No evidence was found that associations of diabetes with smaller brain volumes are mediated by brain vascular pathology, suggesting that other mechanisms may be responsible for these associations.
Low Back Pain With Impact at 17 Years of Age Is Predicted by Early Adolescent Risk Factors From Multiple Domains: Analysis of the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study
Authors: Smith Anne , Beales Darren , O'Sullivan Peter , Bear Natasha , Straker Leon 
Published: September 2017

Study Design Prospective cohort study of the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. Background Low back pain (LBP) commonly develops in adolescence and is a significant risk factor for adult LBP. A broad range of factors have been associated with the development of adolescent LBP, but prior literature has limitations related to characterization of LBP and the scope of risk factors considered. Objective This study aimed to identify potential factors contributing to the development of LBP, with and without impact, at 17 years of age, utilizing a broad range of exposures at 14 years of age. Methods Data from 1088 participants (52.1% female) with “no LBP,” “LBP with minimal impact,” and “LBP with impact” at 17 years of age and a range of measures from multiple domains, including spinal pain, physical, psychological, social, and lifestyle, at 14 years of age were collected for the study. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the association of potential mechanistic factors at 14 years of age with LBP at 17 years of age. Results Female sex and back pain at 14 years of age were strongly associated with LBP at 17 years of age. Potential mechanistic factors for LBP outcomes at 17 years of age included exposures from the pain (neck/shoulder pain) and physical domains (standing posture subgroup membership, back muscle endurance, throwing distance), psychological domain (somatic complaints, aggressive behavior), social domain (socioeconomic area), and lifestyle domain (exercise out of school). Conclusion The findings support the multidimensional nature of adolescent LBP and highlight the challenge this presents for epidemiological research, clinical practice, and prevention initiatives in the general population. Level of Evidence Prognosis, level 1b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(10):752–762. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7464
Measuring Musculoskeletal Pain in Infants, Children, and Adolescents
Authors: Michaleff Zoe A. , Kamper Steven J. , Stinson Jennifer N. , Hestbaek Lise , Williams Christopher M. , Campbell Paul , Dunn Kate M. 
Published: September 2017

Synopsis Accurate, reliable, and timely assessment of pain is critical for effective management of musculoskeletal pain conditions. The assessment of pain in infants, children, and adolescents with and without cognitive impairment can be particularly challenging to clinicians for a number of reasons, including factors related to the consultation (eg, heterogeneous patient population, time constraints), the clinician (eg, awareness/knowledge of available pain scales), standardized assessment scales (eg, availability, psychometric properties, and application of each scale), the patient (eg, developmental stage, ability to communicate), and the context in which the interaction took place (eg, familiarity with the setting and physiological and psychological state). As a result, pain is frequently not assessed or measured during the consultation and, in many instances, underestimated and undertreated in this population. The purpose of this article is to provide clinicians with an overview of scales that may be used to measure pain in infants, children, and adolescents. Specifically, the paper reviews the various approaches to measure pain intensity; identifies factors that can influence the pain experience, expression, and assessment in infants, children, and adolescents; provides age-appropriate suggestions for measuring pain intensity in patients with and without cognitive impairment; and identifies ways to assess the impact of pain using multidimensional pain scales. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(10):712–730. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7469
Does Motor Development in Infancy Predict Spinal Pain in Later Childhood? A Cohort Study
Authors: Kamper Steven J. , Williams Christopher M. , Hestbaek Lise 
Published: September 2017

Study Design Longitudinal cohort study. Background Spinal pain is responsible for a huge personal and societal burden, but its etiology remains unclear. Deficits in motor control have been associated with spinal pain in adults, and delayed motor development is associated with a range of health problems and risks in children. Objective To assess whether there is an independent relationship between the age at which infants first sit and walk without support and spinal pain at 11 years of age. Methods Data from the Danish National Birth Cohort were analyzed, using the age at which children first sat and first walked without support as predictors. Parents reported the predictors when the children were 6 months and 18 months of age, and also provided information in response to a comprehensive list of covariates, including child sex, birth weight, and cognitive development; socioeconomic indicators; and parental health variables. Outcomes were measured at 11 years of age using the Young Spine Questionnaire, which assesses the presence and intensity of spinal pain. Data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression models to estimate determinants of neck, thoracic, lumbar, and multisite pain. Results The analyses included data from approximately 23 000 children and their parents. There were no consistent independent associations between the age at first sitting or walking and spinal pain at the age of 11. Odds ratios were between 0.95 and 1.00 for the various pain sites. Conclusion The age at which a child first sits or walks without support does not influence the likelihood that he or she will experience spinal pain in later childhood. Level of Evidence Prognosis, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(10):763–768. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7484
Hypermobility in Adolescent Athletes: Pain, Functional Ability, Quality of Life, and Musculoskeletal Injuries
Authors: Schmidt Heidi , Pedersen Trine Lykke , Junge Tina , Engelbert Raoul , Juul-Kristensen Birgit 
Published: September 2017

Study Design Cross-sectional. Background Generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) may increase pain and likelihood of injuries and also decrease function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in elite-level adolescent athletes. Objective To assess the prevalence of GJH in elite-level adolescent athletes, and to study the association of GJH with pain, function, HRQoL, and musculoskeletal injuries. Methods A total of 132 elite-level adolescent athletes (36 adolescent boys, 96 adolescent girls; mean ± SD age, 14.0 ± 0.9 years), including ballet dancers (n = 22), TeamGym gymnasts (n = 57), and team handball players (n = 53), participated in the study. Generalized joint hypermobility was classified by Beighton score as GJH4 (4/9 or greater), GJH5 (5/9 or greater), and GJH6 (6/9 or greater). Function of the lower extremity, musculoskeletal injuries, and HRQoL were assessed with self-reported questionnaires, and part of physical performance was assessed by 4 postural-sway tests and 2 single-legged hop-for-distance tests. Results Overall prevalence rates for GJH4, GJH5, and GJH6 were 27.3%, 15.9%, and 6.8%, respectively, with a higher prevalence of GJH4 in ballet dancers (68.2%) and TeamGym gymnasts (24.6%) than in team handball players (13.2%). There was no significant difference in lower extremity function, injury prevalence and related factors (exacerbation, recurrence, and absence from training), HRQoL, or lengths of hop tests for those with and without GJH. However, the GJH group had significantly larger center-of-pressure path length across sway tests. Conclusion For ballet dancers and TeamGym gymnasts, the prevalence of GJH4 was higher than that of team handball players. For ballet dancers, the prevalence of GJH5 and GJH6 was higher than that of team handball players and the general adolescent population. The GJH group demonstrated larger sway in the balance tests, which, in the current cross-sectional study, did not have an association with injuries or HRQoL. However, the risk of having (ankle) injuries due to larger sway for the GJH group must be studied in future longitudinal studies. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(10):792–800. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7682
MicroCT imaging as a tool to study vessel endings in situ
Authors: Wason Jay W. , Huggett Brett A. , Brodersen Craig R. 
Published: September 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Despite the strong influence of the frequency and distribution of vessel endings on both hydraulic safety and efficiency, detailed anatomical descriptions or measurements of these structures are generally lacking.METHODS:Here we used high‐resolution x‐ray microcomputed tomography (microCT) to identify and describe xylem vessel endings within Acer rubrum root segments (1.0–2.1 mm diameter, ∼2 mm long). We then compared vessel‐lumen diameter, pit density, vessel element length, and perforation plate angle between non‐ending vessels (those that traverse an entire segment) and those that end within a segment using three‐dimensional image analysis.KEY RESULTS:We found 214 vessel endings, 37 complete vessels, and 385 non‐ending vessels within four A. rubrum root segments. Vessels that ended within the segments tended to have more acute perforation plate angles and had a smaller diameter than those that did not end within the segments. Most vessel diameters tapered within the last few vessel elements, but the perforation plate angle apparently changed over longer distances. Intervessel pit density and vessel element length did not differ between ending and non‐ending vessels.CONCLUSIONS:Vessel endings were surprisingly frequent in A. rubrum roots despite the common perception that root vessels are longer than vessels in other tissues. MicroCT proved to be a useful tool for studying the three‐dimensional arrangement of vessel endings within xylem networks, and these data will be helpful in developing a better understanding of vessel ending microstructure and function.
Associations Between Lifestyle Factors And Parkinson’s Disease In An Urban Sri Lankan Clinic Study
Authors: Wijeyekoon Ruwani , Suriyakumara Vindika , Gamage Ranjanie , Fernando Tharushi , Jayasuriya Amila , Amarasinghe Dhanusha , Gunasekara Harsha , Sirisena Dharshana , Amaratunga Dhammika , Muthukuda Chanaka , Barker Roger A , Williams-Gray Caroline , De Silva Ranil 
Published: September 2017

Background- Information on lifestyle factors (eg. coffee /tea drinking, smoking) and Parkinson’s Disease(PD) in South Asia is limited. The objective of this study was to determine associations between lifestyle factors and PD in a clinic-based study in Sri Lanka.
Methods–Demographic and lifestyle factor data was collected from an unselected cohort of PD patients and age and gender-matched controls attending clinics in Greater Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Findings–Of 229 patients with parkinsonism, 144 had Idiopathic PD. Controls numbered 102. Coffee drinkers and smokers were significantly less likely to have PD (coffee, p<0.001; OR=0.264; smoking, p=0.043; OR=0.394). Coffee drinkers were older at PD onset(p<0.001). Similar trends seen with tea drinking were not statistically significant.
Conclusions -This is the first formal study of PD and these lifestyle factors in South Asia. It demonstrates an association between coffee drinking, smoking and a decreased prevalence of PD, and coffee drinking and later age of PD onset. This is in line with other studies done worldwide, suggesting biological associations with global relevance.
Swaziland National Health Research Agenda: The Formulation Process
Authors: Kirigia Joses Muthuri , Ota Martin O. , Shongwe Babazile 
Published: September 2017

Background: The objectives of this article are to describe the process followed in development of the Swaziland’s national health research agenda (NHRA); and to provide an overview of the health research priorities that emerged from that process.Discussion: Swaziland followed a fourteen step process to develop it’s NHRA, namely: search and review of the existing health research priority setting guidelines; situation analysis included review of Swaziland’s socio-economic indicators; identification of research stakeholders; identification of the preliminary main broad research themes; development of questionnaire on ranking of main research themes; workshops with each of the eight stakeholders; ranking of major health themes and identification of sub-themes; identification of research gaps under each sub-theme and main research areas; scoring of research areas; research areas were grouped by sub-themes and ranked; collating research areas ranked as number one in each sub-theme; providing content to the agenda; preparation of the zero NHRA draft report; preparation of the first NHRA draft report taking into account critical inputs from stakeholders; and stakeholder’s final validation of the NHRA draft report. The paper provides an overview of communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, sexual and reproductive health, injuries and health system research gaps under four categories of research: situation (burden and determinants); improvement of existing interventions; effectiveness of interventions; and feasibility of developing new capacities (tools and products).Conclusion: The National Health Research Department, with the support of the National Health Research Review Board, will be responsible for dissemination, preparation of rolling annual action plans to secure government funds for implementation of NHRA, promoting adherence among stakeholders, establishing a registry of R4H, establishing a knowledge translation platform, building of public-private-partnerships for research, mobilization of external resources, coordination and monitoring of the implementation of the NHRA.
KeywordsSwaziland, National Health Research Agenda, Health Research Priorities, Research Stakeholders, Research Gaps