bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sciatic Nerve Transection Following Prosthetic Buttock Augmentation: First Reported Case and Review of the Literature
Authors: Kairinos Nicolas , Jessop Thomas Steve 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Gluteal augmentation is typically carried out by implant placement or autologous fat grafting. Over recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of gluteal augmentations being performed. However, because the number of procedures has increased, so too have the number of complications. We present a case of a 33-year-old female with an implant infection with concomitant sciatic nerve transection following bilateral gluteal augmentation with implants leading to a permanent foot drop. Although transient sciatica because of compression has been described as a complication of gluteal augmentation, this is the first reported case, to our knowledge, of transection. The many unusual management decisions that had to be made when faced with this rare and devastating complication are highlighted and the relevant literature on gluteal augmentation is discussed. Patients and surgeons alike need to take particular care when considering this procedure.

Level of Evidence: 5 (Diagnostic)
DrugReSC: targeting disease-critical cell subpopulations with single-cell transcriptomic data for drug repurposing in cancer
Authors: Liu Chonghui , Zhang Yan , Liang Yingjian , Zhang Tianjiao , Wang Guohua 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The field of computational drug repurposing aims to uncover novel therapeutic applications for existing drugs through high-throughput data analysis. However, there is a scarcity of drug repurposing methods leveraging the cellular-level information provided by single-cell RNA sequencing data. To address this need, we propose DrugReSC, an innovative approach to drug repurposing utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing data, intending to target specific cell subpopulations critical to disease pathology. DrugReSC constructs a drug-by-cell matrix representing the transcriptional relationships between individual cells and drugs and utilizes permutation-based methods to assess drug contributions to cellular phenotypic changes. We demonstrate DrugReSC’s superior performance compared to existing drug repurposing methods based on bulk or single-cell RNA sequencing data across multiple cancer case studies. In summary, DrugReSC offers a novel perspective on the utilization of single-cell sequencing data in drug repurposing methods, contributing to the advancement of precision medicine for cancer.
Digital approaches in post-COVID healthcare: a systematic review of technological innovations in disease management
Authors: Mfouth Kemajou Pamela , Mbanya Armand , Coppieters Yves 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Post-COVID conditions (PCC) emerged during the pandemic, prompting a rise in the use of Digital Health Technologies (DHTs) to manage lockdowns and hospital overcrowding. Real-time tracking and information analyses were crucial to strengthening the global research response. This study aims to map the use of modern digital approaches in estimating the prevalence, predicting, diagnosing, treating, monitoring, and prognosis of PCC. This review was conducted by searching PubMed and Scopus databases for keywords and synonyms related to DHTs, Smart Healthcare Systems, and PCC based on the World Health Organization definition. Articles published from 1 January 2020 to 21 May 2024 were screened for eligibility based on predefined inclusion criteria, and the PRISMA framework was used to report the findings from the retained studies. Our search identified 377 studies, but we retained 23 studies that used DHTs, artificial intelligence (AI), and infodemiology to diagnose, estimate prevalence, predict, treat, and monitor PCC. Notably, a few interventions used infodemics to identify the clinical presentations of the disease, while most utilized Electronic Health Records and AI tools to estimate diagnosis and prevalence. However, we found that AI tools were scarcely used for monitoring symptoms, and studies involving SHS were non-existent in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). These findings show several DHTs used in healthcare, but there is an urgent need for further research in SHS for complex health conditions, particularly in LMICs. Enhancing DHTs and integrating AI and infodemiology provide promising avenues for managing epidemics and related complications, such as PCC.
Lifecycle of Anastatus orientalis (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) and synchrony with its host, the spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae)
Authors: Gould Juli R , Losch Corrine , Sullivan Liam , Wu Yunke , Wang Xiao-yi , Cao Liang-Ming , Broadley Hannah J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Anastatus orientalis Yang & Choi (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), an egg parasitoid of spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (White) (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae), has been documented emerging from host eggs in both autumn and spring, at the beginning and end of the period that spotted lanternfly eggs are present in the field, suggesting parasitoid–host specificity and synchrony. This study was designed to test whether, under conditions that simulate native and introduced ranges of spotted lanternfly, (a) A. orientalis has 2 and only 2 generations per year, (b) A. orientalis adults sometimes emerge when only nontarget species would be available for parasitization, and (c) emerging parasitoid adults can parasitize unhatched host eggs in the spring. Parasitized spotted lanternfly eggs were collected in 2019 and 2020 from Beijing, China and in 2020 and 2021 from Yantai, China. They were shipped for laboratory study in growth chambers programmed to simulate temperature and daylength for collection locations in China and in the invaded range in Pennsylvania, United States. Anastatus orientalis had a flexible lifecycle depending on environmental conditions and possibly genetic makeup, with 1–3 generations per year, and parasitoid emergence was not always synchronous with host egg availability. Additionally, given the cooler temperatures in Pennsylvania, autumn parasitoid emergence was often delayed until late October or November, no progeny were produced, and parasitoid populations died out. Anastatus orientalis does not exhibit host synchrony characteristics that would make it a good candidate for a classical biological control program.
Clinicoeconomic burden among heart failure patients with severely reduced ejection fraction after hospital admission: HF-RESTORE
Authors: May Heidi T , Anderson Jeffrey L , Butzner Michael , Divanji Punag H , Muhlestein Joseph B 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
An estimated two-thirds of heart failure (HF) patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) hospitalized in the United States have a severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF &lt;30%). Few studies have categorized patients according to their severity of left ventricular dysfunction beyond an LVEF of &lt;30%.

Methods and results
Intermountain Health patients (≥18 years) with a primary HF diagnosis, more than or equal to 1 inpatient hospitalization with a primary discharge diagnosis of HF, a documented LVEF of &lt;30%, and a B-type natriuretic peptide &gt;100 pg/mL within 1 year of hospitalization were studied. Patients were stratified by LVEF levels (≤15%, 16–25%, and 26–29%) and evaluated for death, HF hospitalization, healthcare resource utilization, and medical costs. Overall, 2184 patients (mean age 64.2 ± 15.5 years, 72.5% male) were stratified by LVEF [≤15%, n = 468 (21.4%); 16–25%, n = 1399 (64.1%); and 26–29%, n = 317 (14.5%)]. Lower LVEF was associated with younger age, male sex, and fewer comorbidities. Although 1-year mortality differed significantly between LVEF stratifications, which remained after adjustment by risk factors [vs. LVEF 26–29% (referent): ≤15%, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.92, P &lt; 0.0001; and 16–25%, HR = 1.42, P = 0.01], mortality was similar by 3 years. HF hospitalizations at 1 and 3 years were similar among LVEF groups. Total HF costs—driven by increased HF outpatient costs—were significantly higher among LVEF of ≤15%.

Conclusion
Patients with an LVEF of ≤15% had a modestly increased risk of 1-year mortality, as well as significantly higher total HF costs. Patients with HFrEF and a severely reduced LVEF continue to face an increased clinicoeconomic burden, and novel therapies to treat this unmet medical need are warranted.
Exposure to aircraft noise exacerbates cardiovascular and oxidative damage in three mouse models of diabetes
Authors: Mihalikova Dominika , Stamm Paul , Kvandova Miroslava , Pednekar Chinmayi , Strohm Lea , Ubbens Henning , Oelze Matthias , Kuntic Marin , Witzler Claudius , Bayo Jimenez Maria Teresa , Rajlic Sanela , Frenis Katie , Tang Qi , Ruan Yue , Karbach Susanne , Kleinert Hartmut , Hahad Omar , von Kriegsheim Alex , Xia Ning , Grune Tilman , Li Huige , Kröller-Schön Swenja , Gericke Adrian , Ruf Wolfram , Wild Philipp S , Lurz Philipp , Münzel Thomas , Daiber Andreas , Jansen Thomas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aims
Epidemiology links noise to increased risk of metabolic diseases like diabetes and obesity. Translational studies in humans and experimental animals showed that noise causes reactive oxygen species (ROS)–mediated cardiovascular damage. The interaction between noise and diabetes, specifically potential additive adverse effects, remains to be determined.

Methods and results
C57BL/6 mice were treated with streptozotocin (i.p. injections, 50 mg/kg/day for 5 days) to induce type 1 diabetes mellitus, with S961 (subcutaneous osmotic mini-pumps, 0.57 mg/kg/day for 7 days) or fed a high-fat diet (HFD, 20 weeks) to induce type 2 diabetes mellitus. Control and diabetic mice were exposed to aircraft noise to an average sound pressure level of 72 dB(A) for 4 days. While body weight was unaffected, noise reduced insulin production in all diabetes models. The oral glucose tolerance test showed only an additive aggravation by noise in the HFD model. Noise increased blood pressure and aggravated diabetes-induced aortic, mesenteric, and cerebral arterioles’ endothelial dysfunction. ROS formation in cerebral arterioles, the aorta, the heart, and isolated mitochondria was consistently increased by noise in all models of diabetes. Mitochondrial respiration was impaired by diabetes and noise, however without additive effects. Noise increased ROS and caused inflammation in adipose tissue in the HFD model. RNA-sequencing data and alteration of gene pathway clusters also supported additive damage by noise in the setting of diabetes.

Conclusion
In all three models of diabetes, aircraft noise exacerbates oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction in mice with pre-existing diabetes. Thus, noise may potentiate the already increased cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients.
Development and Validation of the Perceived Interpersonal Relevancy Scales: A New Measure of Perceived Threat, Opportunity, and Invisibility Appraisals for Use Across the Adult Life Course
Authors: Brady Brooke , Zheng Lidan , Eramudugolla Ranmalee , Anstey Kaarin J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Interpersonal relevancy appraisals are a dynamic and understudied aspect of human social cognition. Despite their importance, there are no existing measures. This study developed and validated a new measure of self-perceived interpersonal threat, opportunity, and invisibility appraisals among a life-course sample of adults. We also explored the relationships between relevance appraisals, social connectedness, loneliness, age, and sex assigned at birth.

Methods
Items were developed based on a theoretical model of multidomain interpersonal relevance appraisals and refined following feedback from 5 experts in social psychology. Cross-sectional data were obtained online from a sample of 1,079 adults (age 18–90 years), recruited from the general population of Australia. Data were split into two pseudo-random samples used for (a) scale development and evaluation, and (b) assessment of internal consistency, construct validity, convergent validity with social connectedness and loneliness, and exploratory analysis with age and sex.

Results
Results support the factor structure and internal consistency of 17- and 9-item versions of the Perceived Interpersonal Relevancy Scales (PIRS) and measurement invariance across younger and older age groups. Higher self-perceived threat and invisibility appraisals were associated with decreased social network size, increased loneliness, younger age, and male sex. Higher self-perceived opportunity appraisals were associated with increased social network size and decreased loneliness.

Discussion
Results support this new measure of perceived interpersonal relevance appraisals, which shows relationships between the way we believe others perceive us, loneliness, and social isolation. The PIRS likely has wide utility for studies that seek to understand the intersections between human social cognition, well-being, and health across the lifespan.
Hessian Estimates for Dirichlet and Neumann Eigenfunctions of Laplacian
Authors: Cheng Li-Juan , Thalmaier Anton , Wang Feng-Yu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
By methods of stochastic analysis on Riemannian manifolds, we develop an approach to determine an explicit constant $c(D)$ for an $n$-dimensional compact manifold $D$ with smooth boundary such that $\frac{\lambda }{n}\,\|\phi \|_{\infty } \leq \|\operatorname{Hess}\phi \|_{\infty } \leq c(D)\lambda \,\|\phi \|_{\infty } $ holds for any Dirichlet eigenfunction $\phi $ of $-\Delta $ on $D$ with eigenvalue $\lambda $. Our results provide the sharp Hessian estimate $\|\operatorname{Hess} \phi \|_{\infty }\lesssim \lambda ^{\frac{n+3}{4}}\|\phi \|_{L^{2}}$. Corresponding Hessian estimates for Neumann eigenfunctions are derived in the second part of the paper.
Susceptibility of Capsicum varieties to Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) infestation for production optimization
Authors: Adom Médétissi , Fening Ken O , Billah Maxwell K , Aigbedion-Atalor Pascal O , Acheampong Mavis A , Wilson David D 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Thaumatotibia leucotreta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a major threat to the production and marketing of pepper (Capsicum spp.) in Ghana. To reduce the damage of the pest on pepper farming, it is important to find appropriate control methods, which may include the use of resistant host plants. This study investigated the relative susceptibility of 6 pepper varieties commonly cultivated in Ghana: Legon 18, Bird’s eye, Scotch bonnet, Cayenne, KA2, and sweet pepper (Yolo wonder+ variety). Choice and no-choice ovipositional preference tests were conducted and the population growth rate of T. leucotreta was determined by establishing life table parameters including the net reproductive rates (R0), the mean generation time (G), intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), the population doubling time (T), and the finite rate of increase (λ). In the no-choice test, females exhibited oviposition preference for sweet pepper (12.08 eggs/fruit), while Bird’s eye was the least preferred (5.00 eggs/fruit). The same results were observed in the choice test. However, the population growth rate of T. leucotreta was highest on the Scotch bonnet and Cayenne, with rm of 0.124 and 0.127, respectively, while the Bird’s eye and sweet pepper recorded the least rm of 0.116. Thus, the tested varieties had varying levels of susceptibility to T. leucotreta infestation. Bird’s eye was the least susceptible variety, while Cayenne and Scotch bonnet were the most susceptible varieties. These findings could direct farmers on the choices of pepper varieties for cultivation and proffer potential opportunities to breed new varieties resistant to T. leucotreta infestation.
Unsettling the Familiar: Experiential Human Rights Learning through Civic Monuments at the University of Winnipeg
Authors: Kenyon Kristi Heather , Khan Saad Ahmad , Vowell Fiona , Zienkiewicz Madison 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Research shows that experiential learning improves student learning, engagement and retention and yet, despite growth in university undergraduate human rights programmes, relatively little is known about experiential learning in the human rights classroom. This article examines a low-cost and online-adaptable experiential learning assignment focused on civic statues and monuments in Winnipeg, Canada. The assignment and supporting activities, speakers and resources were implemented in thirteen sections (online and in-person) of a prerequisite-free undergraduate human rights course over two academic years. Surveys were circulated to students before and after the assignment examining their perspective on key concepts and their own skill and capacity. As a result of the activity students indicated a heightened understanding of the role of monuments and representation as human rights issues, a broadened interpretation of expertise in relation to monuments, and an increased self-perception of skills and capacity related to monument analysis. This article contributes to the emerging literature on human rights education in higher education and to the need for accessible, scalable, and online-adaptable forms of experiential learning. Human Rights is a growing field at the undergraduate level, and our project can usefully contribute to the literature and practice of human rights pedagogy.
Maximizing and sustaining the efficacy of tick tubes for management of Ixodes scapularis through optimized deployment strategies
Authors: Tiffin Hannah S , Green Kylie D , Burgess Edwin R , Machtinger Erika T 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The number of tick-borne disease cases continues to rise in the United States, with Lyme disease the most frequently reported vector-borne disease nationally. Practical and effective tick control tools and strategies are needed to reduce tick encounters and tick-borne disease risk. Tick management tubes have shown varying efficacy when used as part of a tick management plan. To evaluate factors contributing to the efficacy of tick management tubes, this study assessed changes in tick tube deployment on tick burden on wild-caught Peromyscus mice, a primary reservoir for the bacterium causing Lyme disease, in Pennsylvania from 2021 to 2023. Over 2 years, tick tubes were deployed starting at different times of the year, with cotton removal from the tubes assessed every 2 weeks from April to November and tick burden on wild-caught mice assessed every 2 months from April to October of each year. The effect of distance between tick management tubes was assessed in year 3 of this study, with mouse tick burden assessed pre- and post-treatment with tick tubes at varying intervals in a field setting. There was a significant reduction in mouse tick burden between treated and control transects, and pre- and post-treatment transects. Tick tube distance did not affect cotton removal or tick burden on mice. Still, cotton removal was highest in September–October, and amount removed increased the longer tick tubes were deployed in the field, highlighting the long-term benefits of using tick tubes as part of an integrated tick management plan. Future investigations to evaluate the impact of tick management tubes on tick nymph density and infection would be valuable for assessing the effectiveness of tick management tubes in reducing tick bite risk.
Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Casirivimab and Imdevimab (CAS + IMD) in Pediatric Outpatients With COVID-19
Authors: Norton Thomas D , Thakur Mazhar , Ganguly Samit , Ali Shazia , Chao Jesse , Waldron Alpana , Xiao Jing , Turner Kenneth C , Davis John D , Irvin Susan C , Pan Cynthia , Atmodjo Dominique , Hooper Andrea T , Hamilton Jennifer D , Hussein Mohamed , Subramaniam Danise , Roque-Guerrero Lilia , Kohli Anita , Mylonakis Eleftherios , Geba Gregory P , Cox Edward , Braunstein Ned , Dakin Paula , Kowal Bari , Bhore Rafia , DiCioccio A Thomas , Hughes Diana , Herman Gary A ,   for the Trial Investigators
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The safety of casirivimab + imdevimab (CAS + IMD) (anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2] monoclonal antibodies [mAbs]) in pediatric outpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was evaluated in a randomized phase 1/2/3 trial. Consistent with adults, CAS + IMD was generally well tolerated with low drug-induced immunogenicity rates. The findings support the development of next-generation anti-SARS-CoV-2 mAbs for at-risk pediatric patients.
What can AI learn from the history of statistics?
Authors: Láinez-Moreno Dídac , Lorenzo-Arribas Altea , Puig Pere 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The history of statistical errors is repeating itself in some AI developments, despite the remarkable progress made by the discipline. Dídac Láinez-Moreno, Altea Lorenzo-Arribas and Pere Puig describe how previous lessons learnt might help us build fairer, more robust models
Intentions and Inquiry
Authors: Friedman Daniel C 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper defends the Intention Account of Individual Inquiry. On this account, inquiry is best understood by appeal to a ‘question-directed intention’ (QDI), an intention to answer a question broadly construed. This account’s core commitments help meet recent challenges plaguing extant approaches to characterizing inquiry. First, QDIs are the type of mental state central to inquiry, not attitudes like curiosity or wonder. Second, holding a QDI towards a question and acting in service of it constitutes the start of inquiry. Third, controversial norms which mandate a rational inquirer’s ignorance towards the answer to her question can be reformulated and defended by appeal to rational constraints on intention. Fourth, instrumental pressures inquirers face are the standard pressures of plan-rationality. In defending these theses, I show that the Intention Account provides compelling explanations to standing challenges, in ways competitors cannot. It does so by advancing understanding of how our epistemic and practical agency are intertwined.
Trophic transfer of carbon-14 from algae to zebrafish leads to its blending in biomolecules and the dysregulation of metabolism via isotope effect
Authors: Dong Shipeng , Deng Renquan , Zeng Hang , Xue Pengfei , Lin Sijie , Zhou Dongmei , Mao Liang 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Carbon-14 (C-14) has been a major contributor to the human radioactive exposure dose, as it is released into the environment from the nuclear industry in larger quantities compared to other radionuclides. This most abundant nuclide enters the biosphere as organically bound C-14 (OBC-14), posing a potential threat to public health. Yet, it remains unknown how this relatively low radiotoxic nuclide induces health risks via chemical effects, such as isotope effect. By establishing a trophic transfer model involving algae (Scenedesmus obliquus), daphnia (Daphnia magna) and zebrafish (Danio rerio), we demonstrate that rapid incorporation and transformation of inorganic C-14 by algae into OBC-14 facilitates the blending of C-14 into the biomolecules of zebrafish. We find that internalized C-14 is persistently retained in the brain of zebrafish, affecting DNA methylation and causing alterations in neuropathology. Global isotope tracing metabolomics with C-14 exposure further reveals the involvement of C-14 in various critical metabolic pathways, including one-carbon metabolism and nucleotide metabolism. We thus characterize the kinetic isotope effects for 12C/14C in the key reactions of these metabolic pathways through kinetic experiments and density functional theory computations, showing that the isotopic substitution of carbon in biochemicals regulates metabolism by disrupting reaction ratios via isotope effects. Our results suggest that inorganic C-14 discharged by the nuclear industry can be biotransformed into OBC-14 to impact metabolism via isotope effects, providing new insights into understanding the health risk of C-14, which is traditionally considered as a low radiotoxic nuclide.