bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
User-Generated Content and Competing Firms’ Product Design
Authors: Kwark Young , Chen Jianqing , Raghunathan Srinivasan 
Published: October 2017

Firms employ various techniques to obtain information about consumer taste/location and valuation prior to making product design decisions. User-generated content has become an important information source. The vast variety and volume of user-generated content makes firms better informed about consumers (precision-improving effect), and the common and public nature of user-generated content makes firms’ information more correlated (correlation-increasing effect). We examine the impact of user-generated content in a setting in which two competing firms that are uncertain about consumer location or valuation design and sell horizontally differentiated products. We find that user-generated content has very different implications for competing firms’ location decisions and quality decisions. When firms are uncertain about consumer taste and choose their product locations, whether firms and/or consumers benefit from the user-generated content depends on which of the two effects dominates. We find that only when the correlation-increasing effect is moderate, a win–win scenario for both firms and consumers occurs, but the society always benefits from user-generated content. Stronger consumer preference strengthens the overall impact of user-generated content. In sharp contrast, when firms face uncertain consumer valuation of quality and choose product quality, they do not benefit from user-generated content, but consumers may benefit or lose from it. When the correlation-increasing effect is significant, both firms and consumers, and therefore the society, are hurt by user-generated content. Stronger consumer preference mitigates the negative impact but amplifies the positive impact of user-generated content in this case. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2839 . This paper was accepted by Chris Forman, information systems.
Parameters Selection for Electropolishing Process of Products Made of Copper and Its Alloys
Authors: Maciąg T. , Wieczorek J. , Węcki B. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractElectropolishing is electrochemical method used in metal working that has a vital role in production of medical apparatus, in food or electric industry. The purpose of this paper is to determine optimal current parameters and time required for conducting electropolishing process from the perspective of changes of surface microgeometry. Furthermore, effect of different types of mechanical working used before electropolishing on final surface state was evaluated by observation in changes of topography. Research was conducted on electrolytic copper and brass. Analysis of surface geometry and its parameters (Ra, Sa) was used as criterion describing efficiency of chemical electropolishing. Results of the experiment allow for current parameter optimization of electrochemical polishing process for selected non-ferrous alloys with preliminary mechanical preparation of the surface.
Closing the Loop: Key Role of Iron in Metal-Bearing Waste Recycling
Authors: Sedlakova-Kadukova J. , Marcincakova R. , Mrazikova A. , Willner J. , Fornalczyk A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe role of iron in metal-bearing waste bioleaching was studied. Four various types of waste (printed circuit boards (PCBs), Ni-Cd batteries, alkaline batteries and Li-ion batteries) were treated by bioleaching using the acidophilic bacteria A. ferrooxidans and A. thiooxidans (separately or in mixture). Role of main leaching agents (Fe3+ions or sulphuric acid) was simulated in abiotic experiments. Results showed that oxidation abilities of Fe3+ions were crucial for recovery of Cu and Zn from PCBs, with the efficiencies of 88% and 100%, respectively. To recover 68% of Ni from PCBs, and 55% and 100% of Ni and Cd, respectively, from Ni-Cd batteries both oxidation action and hydrolysis of Fe3+were required. The importance of Fe2+ions as a reducing agent was showed in bioleaching of Co from Li-ion batteries and Mn from alkaline batteries. The efficiency of the processes has increased by 70% and 40% in Co and Mn bioleaching, respectively, in the presence of Fe2+ions. Based on the results we suggest the integrated biometallurgical model of metal-bearing waste recycling in the effort to develop zero-waste and less energy-dependent technologies.
Multiphase Ausformed Austempered Ductile Iron
Authors: Soliman M. , Palkowski H. , Nofal A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDuctile iron was subjected to a total true strain (φt) of 0.3 either by applying φtin the austenite region or by apportioning it through applying a true strain of 0.2 in the austenite region before quenching to austempering temperature (TA) of 375°C, where a true strain of 0.1 is applied (ausforming). Additionally, two types of matrices were produced in the ductile iron, namely ausferritic and ferritic-ausferritic matrices. The ferrite is introduced to the matrix by intercritical annealing after austenitization. Dilatometric measurements as well as microstructure examination showed a fast ausferrite transformation directly after applying φAand that the introduction of ferrite to the matrix resulted in a remarkable acceleration of the ausferrite formation. The transformation kinetics, microstructure evolution, hardness and compression properties are studied.
Increasing the Durability of Separating Rolls During Rolling Ribbed Bars in the Three-Strand Technology
Authors: Strycharska D. , Szota P. , Mróz S. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The paper presents the results of investigations aimed at enhancing the durability of slitting passes in the process of three-strand rolling of 16 mm-diameter ribbed bars. Using the Forge2011® computer program, numerical modelling of the rolling process was carried out in order to examine the variations in band shape in individual rolling passes, to verify the correctness of the designed new slitting pass system, to determine the local strains in the rolled band, and then to determine the distribution of unit friction force work on the roll groove surface. From the obtained investigation results it was found that the application of the new roll pass design in stands 13-16 increased their durability in the rolling process by approx. 30%. The wear of the roll sets for the stands under examination after rolling out the annual 16 mm-diameter bar production volume was determined in the study. The obtained numerical modelling results were verified in experimental tests.
Influence of Fe and Si Addition on the Properties and Structure Conductivity Aluminium
Authors: Jabłoński M. , Knych T. , Mamala A. , Smyrak B. , Wojtaszek K. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe effect of iron and silicon addition on the structure and properties of aluminium wire rod obtained in the laboratory horizontal direct chill casting process has been analysed. In addition, the impact of laboratory wire drawing process has been examined. The addition of iron and velocity of casting increase the strength of aluminium wire rod in as-cast condition while the electrical conductivity drop acceptable. Moreover, the laboratory wire drawing process causes work-hardening wires and increase drawing tension as a result of fragmentation of structure and growth of grain boundaries. It has been shown that iron is beneficial for mechanical and technological properties of aluminium.
The Use of 3D Scanning Methods to Evaluate the Hybrid Layer Used in Forging Tools in Order to Improve their Durability
Authors: Gronostajski Z. , Hawryluk M. , Kaszuba M. , Widomski P. , Ziemba J. , Smolik J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study is focused on tools used in the industrial process of hot forging of a front wheel forging (gear wheel) manufactured for the automotive industry. Five different variants were applied for the tools: 3 die inserts were coated with three different hybrid layers (PN + PVD type), i.e. AlCrTiN, AlCrTiSiN and CrN, one insert was only nitrided, and one was pad welded, to improve tool durability. The tool wear was analysed and represented by the material degradation on the working surface, based on the 3D scanning and the material growth of the periodically collected forgings. Additionally, the scanned tools were divided into two areas, in which it was found, based on the analysis, that various degradation mechanisms are predominant. Microstructural tests and hardness measurements of the analyzed tools were also performed. Based on the results, it was found that, in the central part of the die insert, thermo-mechanical fatigue, abrasive wear and plastic deformation occurred, while in the area of the bridge insert, only abrasive wear could be observed. For these areas, the loss of material was determined separately. It was established that the use of the GN+CrN and GN+AlCrTiN hybrid layers on forging tools improves their durability, while the best results in the central area were observed on the tool with the GN+CrN layer, which is the most resistant to thermo-mechanical fatigue. In the second analyzed area, good wear resistance occurred on GN+CrN, GN+AlCrTiN and pad welded inserts, for which, together with the increase of the forging number, a proportional, slight growth of the loss of material occurred.
Modelling and Experimental Testing of Hybrid Joints Made of: Aluminium Adherends, Adhesive Layers and Rivets for Aerospace Applications
Authors: Sadowski T. , Golewski P. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe contemporary demands in different branches of engineering require application of new multi-component materials and structural systems. Appropriately chosen joining technology can offer significant enhancement of structural system performance in terms of effectiveness, reliability, safety and other design criteria. The modern applications of complex joints are of great technological interest as they permit to combine and to enhance the individual effects of each kind of joint. This is of great importance for modern applications in different branches of engineering: aerospace, mechanical and civil. Therefore in this paper we will focus on the analysis of mechanical response of adhesive joint of aluminium strips reinforced by rivets. The aim of the paper is to investigate experimentally the mechanical behaviour of adhesive joint of aluminium strips reinforced by rivets for industrial applications in aerospace. The considered joint was subjected to uniaxial loading. The tests in this paper were performed for: • classical adhesive joint in order to investigate material parameters for numerical modelling of the hybrid joint • hybrid joining of the structural elements in order to investigate the reinforcement effect. The experiments with application of digital image ARAMIS system allowed for on-line monitoring of the deformation process of the considered joining elements. The particular distributions of displacement fields at the joint surface were estimated for any stage of loading process. Numerical modelling was performed for experimentally investigated specimens. The materials parameters, necessary for calculation, were estimated from experiments. FEA modelling was done with the help of ABAQUS code.
Selected the Casting Properties of the Composites AlMg10+Cgr
Authors: Łągiewka M. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The paper is a review of the previous investigations concerning the influence of graphite particles both on the casting properties of metal matrix composites (MMCs). The work presents the examination results of casting properties (i.e. castability and shrinkage) of the MMCs with matrices of a selected aluminium alloy reinforced with graphite particles. There is also presented the influence of graphite particles on the surface tension and viscosity of the flowing and filling the mould composite suspension. The suspensions containing various percentages of graphite particles (namely 5%, 10%, or 15% in volume) were prepared in order to perform the above mentioned examinations. Castability (fluidity) of these suspensions was measured in two ways, i.e. by means of both the spiral test and the rod test, while their shrinkage was determined with the use of a device designed and assembled in the Department of Foundry Engineering, CUT. The device enables to determine changes in the length of a casting during its solidification with respect to the specified length of the test rod. The surface tension was determined by the wedge casting method consisting in the pouring of metal into an open shell mould with the cavity of wedge geometry, the sharp edge being perpendicular to the free metal surface. The change in viscosity corresponding to the change in graphite particles percentage was calculated from Einstein’s equation. The results of examinations show that the introduction of reinforcing graphite particles results in both a significant increase in the viscosity of the flowing suspension and a considerable decrease in its castability. The greater dimensional stability of castings was observed, i.e. the shrinkage of composite castings was smaller than the shrinkage of matrix alloy itself. An increase in surface tension index value with an increase in volume percentage of graphite particles in composite was also noticed.
Study of Bending Fatigue Properties of Al-Si Cast Alloy
Authors: Tillová E. , Závodská D. , Kuchariková L. , Chalupová M. , Belan J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFatigue properties of casting Al-alloys are very sensitive to the microstructural features of the alloy (e.g. size and morphology of the eutectic Si, secondary dendrite arm spacing - SDAS, intermetallics, grain size) and casting defects (porosity and oxides). Experimental study of bending fatigue properties of secondary cast alloys have shown that: fatigue tests up to 106-107cycles show mean fatigue limits of approx. 30-49 MPa (AlSi9Cu3 alloy - as cast state), approx. 65-76 MPa (AlSi9Cu3 alloy after solution treatment) and 60-70 MPa (self-hardened AlZn10Si8Mg alloy) in the tested casting condition; whenever large pore is present at or near the specimen’s surface, it will be the dominant cause of fatigue crack initiation; in the absence of large casting defects, the influence of microstructural features (Si morphology; Fe-rich phases) on the fatigue performance becomes more pronounced.
The Effects of Laser Surface Hardening on Microstructural Characteristics and Wear Resistance of AISI H11 Hot Work Tool Steel
Authors: Šebek M. , Falat L. , Kováč F. , Petryshynets I. , Horňak P. , Girman V. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe present study deals with the effects of laser surface treatment on microstructure evolution and wear resistance of AISI H11 hot work tool steel in quenched and tempered condition. The most upper laser-affected zone is characterized by re-melted microstructure consisting of dendrite cells with fresh non-tempered martensite, retained austenite and inter-dendritic carbidic network. The subsolidus microstructure just beneath the re-melted zone represents the most laser surface hardened zone consisting of fresh non-tempered martensite with fine and coarse carbides as a result of overheating the original QT substrate microstructure. The highest microhardness values in the range from 775 to 857 HV were measured for the LSH microstructure and the most softened microstructure exhibited the minimum hardness of 530 HV. The laser treated samples showed the improvement of their surface wear resistance by 35%.
Experimental Investigation of Process Parameters in Drilling LM25 Composites Coated with Multi Wall Carbon Nano Tubes Using Sonication Process
Authors: Sangeetha M. , Prakash S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAluminium based metal matrix composites are widely used in automobile components such as cardan shaft of Chevrolet corvette, disc brake and engine push rod. In this experiment a Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites (HMMC) are fabricated and drilled. Drilling is the process of making slots in disc brake and thread in the engine parts. The surface quality of the drilled specimen depends on the speed, feed, drill type and the thrust force. Thrust force plays the major role in drilling the specimen. In this experiment HMMCs are fabricated using two processes-called, sonication and casting. Sonication is the process of coating the carbon nanotubes over the silicon carbide particles (SiCp). Semisolid stir casting is used to reinforce the coated SiCp in the LM 25 alloy. A drilling process is performed on HMMC to analyse the extent to which the input parameters influence the thrust force and Ovality. The tools used for drilling are solid carbide tools of three different diameters. Taguchi’s experimental design is adopted for the drilling operation. A mathematical model is used to determine the influence of input parameters on the outputs thrust force and ovality. This paper proves the combination of N3, f1and d1of the carbide tool results in the lowest value of thrust force and ovality while drilling HMMCs. In this work the HMMC is prepared by coating the abrasive nature, silicon carbide particle and there is a good interfacial bonding between the reinforced particle and matrix and the drilling process becomes smoother. The new being of this article is the treated ceramics, SiCp with carbon nanotubes. This HMMC shows the improved mechanical properties compared to other metal matrix composites surveyed in the literatures.
Impact of Cutting Forces and Chip Microstructure in High Speed Machining of Carbon Fiber – Epoxy Composite Tube
Authors: Roy Y. Allwin , Gobivel K. , Sekar K.S. Vijay , Kumar S. Suresh 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCarbon fiber reinforced polymeric (CFRP) composite materials are widely used in aerospace, automobile and biomedical industries due to their high strength to weight ratio, corrosion resistance and durability. High speed machining (HSM) of CFRP material is needed to study the impact of cutting parameters on cutting forces and chip microstructure which offer vital inputs to the machinability and deformation characteristics of the material. In this work, the orthogonal machining of CFRP was conducted by varying the cutting parameters such as cutting speed and feed rate at high cutting speed/feed rate ranges up to 346 m/min/ 0.446 mm/rev. The impact of the cutting parameters on cutting forces (principal cutting, feed and thrust forces) and chip microstructure were analyzed. A significant impact on thrust forces and chip segmentation pattern was seen at higher feed rates and low cutting speeds.
Influence of Rock Properties on Wear of M and SR Grade Rubber with Varying Normal Load and Sliding Speed
Authors: Pal Samir Kumar , Rao K.U.M. , Kumar P. Sathish , Rajasekar R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractRubbers are interesting materials and are extensively used in many mining industries for material transportation. Wear of rubber is a very complex phenomenon to understand. The present study aims to explain the influence of rock properties on wear of M and SR grade rubber used in top cover of conveyor belts. Extensive laboratory experiments were conducted under four combinations of normal load and sliding speed. The wear of both the rubber types were analyzed based on the rock properties like shear strength, abrasivity index and fractal dimension. A fully instrumented testing set up was used to study the wear of rubber samples under different operating conditions. In general, wear was higher for M grade rubber compared to SR grade rubber. Increase in shear strength of rocks depicts decreasing trend for the wear of M and SR grade rubber at lower load conditions. Moreover, a higher load combination displays no definite trend in both the rubbers. The strong correlation between the wear of rubber and frictional power for all rubber-rock combinations has given rise to the parameter A, which reflects the relative compatibility between the rubber and rock. Increase of Cerchar’s Abrasivity Index of rocks shows gradual enhancement in wear for M grade rubber in all the load and speed combinations whereas, it fails in SR grade rubber due to its higher strength. The wear of rubber tends to decrease marginally with the surface roughness of rocks at highest normal load and sliding speed in M grade rubber. However, the wear of M and SR grade rubber is influenced by the surface roughness of rocks.
Influence of The Arrangement of Materials and Microstructural Analysis During FSW of AZ80A & AZ91C Mg Alloys
Authors: Sevvel P. , Jaiganesh V. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to produce defect free weldments with improved properties during friction stir welding of dissimilar Mg alloys. The influence of the anisotropic arrangement of materials when AZ80A Mg alloy is taken as advancing side and AZ91C Mg alloy as retreating side and vice versa with respect to their mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics were investigated. The effects of various FSW parameters on the quality of these joints were also analyzed and best optimized FSW parameters were suggested. Defect free sound joints with excellent mechanical properties were produced when AZ80A Mg alloy was positioned at retreating side. At the same time, it seems a little bit difficult to obtain good quality joints with the contrary arrangement of materials. These investigations revealed that materials having inferior plastic deformability must be kept at the advancing side to obtain sound joints during FSW of dissimilar alloys of Magnesium.
Analysis of Solid Contamination in Ball Bearing Through Acoustic Emission Signals
Authors: Sheriff K.A.I. , Hariharan V. , Kannan T. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAcoustic emission is one of the effective techniques used for the condition monitoring of rolling element bearings. Contamination is one of the major reasons for bearing early failure due to presence of solid particle in lubricant grease. In most cases, outer race is stationary and the inner race is attached to the rotating assembly. The lubrication is very essential for the bearing to perform under various demanding conditions. The main aim of this project is to analyze the effect of contamination of lubricant by solid particles on the dynamic behavior of rolling bearing. Green sand at three concentration levels 5%, 15%, 25% and different particle sizes 75 μm, 106 μm and 150μm is used to contaminate the lubricant. Experimental tests have been performed for different load and speed condition in good and contaminated ball bearings lubricated with grease. The trends in the amount of AE waves affected by the contamination of the grease were determined. Acoustic emission signals were analyzed in terms of RMS, kurtosis, and peak-peak.
Review on Parameters Influencing the Rice Breakage and Rubber Roll Wear in Sheller
Authors: Prabhakaran P. , Ranganathan R. , Kumar V. Muthu , Rajasekar R. , Devakumar L. , Pal S.K. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe present review deals with parameters influencing the rice breakage during rice milling operations and the effect of rubber roll Sheller in rice husk removal process. The main objective of rice milling system is to remove the husk and bran layer to produce the white rice. In this process, rubber roll sheller is used to remove husk from the grains by friction process. If the rubber material is too soft, there may not be sufficient shear force to husk the paddy. Wear will be minimum for rubber material with high hardness but indeed it pronounce the breakage of rice. Hence, for efficient husking the rubber roll material should possess the balance of physico-mechanical properties. Rice breakage depends on several other parameters like the type of harvest, drying temperature, drying methods, physical characteristics of paddy, husking characteristics, paddy moisture content, rubber roller speed, rubber roll pressure, paddy feed rate and fissures. Rubber roll wear depends on the type of rubber material attached to the roller, feed rate, roller speed, pressure etc.