bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Combined Laparoscopic and Hysteroscopic Findings in 100 Cases of Infertility
Authors: Jodha BS , Chawla Preeti 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Objectives

To study the role of combined diagnostic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy in evaluation of female infertility.
To find out different factors associated with infertility.
To provide concurrent therapeutic management.

Materials and methods
A total of 100 women underwent combined diagnostic laparoscopy and simultaneous diagnostic hysteroscopy during the period from January 2015 to December 2015 in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Umaid Hospital, Dr. Sampurnanand Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Results
Age ranged from 21 to 38 years, and mean age was 25.98 years. Abnormal laparoscopic findings were noted in 41% cases, abnormal hysteroscopy seen in 24% cases, and 17% cases showed abnormality in both. Bilateral tubal patency was demonstrated in 81% cases. Tubal blockage was bilateral in 5% and unilateral in 9% cases. In 2% cases, bilateral block with beaded appearance found suggestive of tuberculosis. Of total 100 cases, 12% cases were found to have endometriosis, 8% had polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), chocolate cyst was found in 5% cases, and 7% had functional cyst of ovary. Pelvic adhesions were found in 15% patients. Myomas were found in 8% cases. Endometrial polyps were revealed in 5% and Asherman’s syndrome in 6% patients. Combined laparoscopy and hysteroscopy was diagnostic in 17% of cases, 41% were diagnosed through laparoscopy alone, 24% through hysteroscopy alone, while in 18% cases findings were normal. In our study, tuboperitoneal factors were responsible for infertility in 40% cases, ovarian factors in 26% cases, and PCOS in 8% cases.

Conclusion
In our study, 74% of the cases had some form of tubo-ovarian pathology, which makes laparoscopy an essential tool of infertility workup. Although hysteroscopy alone was diagnostic in 30% of cases, its simultaneous use with laparoscopy provides cost-effective, comprehensive, and single setup diagnostic aid in these kinds of patients.

How to cite this article
Jodha BS, Chawla P. Study of Combined Laparoscopic and Hysteroscopic Findings in 100 Cases of Infertility. Int J Gynecol Endsc 2017;1(1):5-10.
Laparoscopic Management of Large Ovarian Cysts
Authors: Doopadapalli Divyasree , Beeresh CS , Vimala KR , lingegowda Krishna 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Introduction
Large ovarian cysts are conventionally managed by laparotomy. This study was undertaken to assess the feasibility and outcome of laparoscopic surgery for the management of large ovarian cysts.

Settings and design
Rural teaching hospital – prospective study.

Materials and methods
Thirty-eight patients from January 2014 to December 2016 presumed to be with large ovarian cyst were managed laparoscopically. Preliminary evaluation suggestive to be of benign ovarian cyst by history, clinical examination, sonographic imaging, and basic serum marker were only included in this study. The cysts were aspirated initially, followed by cystectomy, oophorectomy, or total hysterectomy depending on age, parity, coexisting pathology, and desire for future fertility.

Results
Out of 38 cases, 6 were nonovarian adnexal masses. Eight of the 32 cases who presented with pain due to torsion were managed on emergency basis; rest of the cases were operated electively. Mean operating time was 90 minutes. Mean size of the cyst was 16 cm. One case of borderline malignancy was detected and the rest showed benign pathology. Six of the cases required minilaparotomy for specimen removal. Most women were successfully treated laparoscopically without any complications, and conversion to laparotomy was required in three cases.

Conclusion
With proper patient selection and exclusion of malignancy, laparoscopic management of large ovarian cyst by gynecologist is feasible.

How to cite this article
Beeresh CS, Doopadapalli D, Vimala KR, Lingegowda K. Laparoscopic Management of Large Ovarian Cysts. Int J Gynecol Endsc 2017;1(1):18-21.
Leiomyosarcoma in a Posthysterectomy Patient
Authors: Hegde Sujay , Sawapure Naina 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Leiomyosarcoma is an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma derived from smooth muscle cells. Uterus is the commonest location for a leiomyosarcoma. They may either arise de novo from uterine musculature or the connective tissue of uterine blood vessels, or in a pre-existing benign leiomyoma and are associated with poor outcome. A 45 year patient presented with mass per abdomen. She had under gone laparoscopic hysterectomy three years back for menorrhagia. A provisional diagnosis of ovarian neoplasm was made based on the ultrasonography and CT scan report, but tumour markers were negative. Staging laparotomy was done, mass removed in toto, infracolic omentectomy, appendectomy and bilateral ureteric dissection was done. Post operatively, patient recovered well. Histopathological analysis was suggestive of leiomyosarcoma FNCLCC grade 3. Patient was advised radiation and is on regular follow up with the oncosurgeon.
How to cite this article
Agarwal M, Hegde S, Sawapure N. Leiomyosarcoma in a Posthysterectomy Patient. Int J Gynecol Endsc 2017;1(1):50-52.
Comparison of newborn circumcision pain to calcaneal heel puncture pain: is newborn circumcision pain control clinically warranted?
Authors: Holton Mark E. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In newborns, elective male circumcision and calcaneal puncture for obtaining blood samples both cause pain. With elective male circumcision, dorsal penile nerve block (DPNB) is recommended for pain control, but no pain control is routinely recommended or used during calcaneal puncture. A prospective investigation was conducted to compare pain during elective circumcision (with and without DPNB) and calcaneal puncture to determine whether pain control should be used with the latter procedure. The study was conducted at a community hospital during a 4-month period. Two nurses observed newborn behavior during elective circumcision and routine calcaneal puncture and rated pain reactions by using a modified Gronigen Distress Scale. Ninety-one male newborns were circumcised without DPNB, and eight male newborns were circumcised with DPNB. Calcaneal puncture for blood samples was performed in 97 newborns (males and females). Pain scores during circumcision with and without DPNB were comparable with those during calcaneal puncture (2.1, 2.4, and 2.2, respectively). Pain control during circumcision may thus be considered, but caution should be taken that measures to prevent pain do not create new patient risk or additional pain.
Studying the impact of women on osteopathic physician workforce predictions
Authors: Simpson Martha A. , Weiser Michael A. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Women have been entering the physician workforce in ever-increasing numbers since the 1970s, and women are expected to reach numeric parity with men early in the next century. In an effort to predict changes in the physician workforce, analysts have relied primarily on data collected in the allopathic medical profession. Documented differences in practice characteristics between osteopathic and allopathic physicians make current workforce projections–based heavily on assumptions rooted in the allopathic medical profession–nonrepresentative of the osteopathic medical profession. The authors attempt to identify the impact of increasing numbers of women physicians on the osteopathic medical profession. They trace the historical presence of women in medicine and explore speculations concerning the continued growth in the numbers and percentage of women in medicine. The authors analyze data from the 1992 AOA census in search of identifiable trends in practice location and specialty choice based on gender, marital status, and dual-osteopathic physician couples. Finally, they discuss the need for complete and accurate data collection for the profession as data-driven workforce policy decisions ultimately affect the entire profession.
Diabetes insipidus, acute myelogenous leukemia, and monosomy 7
Authors: Mozersky Robert P. , Bahl Vijay K. , Meisner Dennis , Patel Hitendra 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Diabetes insipidus together with acute myelogenous leukemia has rarely been seen. Still rarer is the occurrence of monosomy 7 with the two diseases (only six cases reported). A patient who had diabetes insipidus develop before the diagnosis of acute myelogenous leukemia was found at karyotyping to have monosomy 7. Although a specific mechanism whereby monosomy 7 would cause diabetes insipidus has been proposed, some have suggested that monosomy 7 may have its effect by altering cell wall membranes. Others have suggested that acute myelogenous leukemia causes diabetes insipidus by causing infiltrates in the hypothalamus or posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Magnetic resonance imaging of the patient's brain showed no abnormalities of the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. Lumbar puncture revealed no leukocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid. The authors believe that the cause of diabetes insipidus can be explained in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia by checking for monosomy 7 during karyotyping. Because karyotyping is now more frequently performed in evaluation of patients for chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation, genetic abnormalities such as monosomy 7 will become increasingly apparent.
Paraneoplastic intestinal pseudoobstruction, mononeuritis multiplex, and sensory neuropathy/neuronopathy
Authors: Simpson David A. , Pawlak Anne M. , Tegmeyer Louis , Doig Christopher , Cox Donald 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
A patient with diffuse intestinal pseudo-obstruction consisting of gastric paresis and impaired small and large bowel motility, mononeuropathy multiplex, and sensory neuropathy/neuronopathy was found to have small-cell carcinoma of the lung. The clinical symptoms were thought to be consistent with paraneoplastic neuropathy, and high antineuronal and anti-calcium channel antibodies led to the diagnosis of small-cell carcinoma of the lung. Identification of paraneoplastic neuropathy is important, because early treatment may halt the progression of the underlying carcinoma.
Postmortem succession of gut microbial communities in deceased human subjects
Authors: DeBruyn Jennifer M. , Hauther Kathleen A. 
Published: June 2017

The human microbiome has demonstrated an importance for the health and functioning in living individuals. However, the fate of the microbiome after death is less understood. In addition to a better understanding of microbe-mediated decomposition processes, postmortem succession of human-associated microbial communities has been suggested as a possible forensic tool for estimating time since death, or postmortem interval (PMI). The objective of our study was to document postmortem changes in human gut bacterial communities. Gut microflora were repeatedly sampled from the caeca of cadavers as they decayed under natural environmental conditions. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed that over time, bacterial richness significantly increased (rs = 0.449) while diversity decreased (rs = − 0.701). The composition of gut bacterial communities changed in a similar manner over time towards a common decay community. OTUs belonging to Bacteroidales (Bacteroides, Parabacteroides) significantly declined while Clostridiales (Clostridium, Anaerosphaera) and the fly-associated Gammaproteobacteria Ignatzschineria and Wohlfahrtiimonas increased. Our examination of human caeca microflora in decomposing cadavers adds to the growing literature on postmortem microbial communities, which will ultimately contribute to a better understanding of decomposition processes.
EDUCAÇÃO E MERCANTILIZAÇÃO EM MEIO À TORMENTA POLÍTICO-ECONÔMICA DO BRASIL
Authors: Leher Roberto , Vittória Paolo , Motta Vania Cardoso 
Published: June 2017

O artigo apresenta, de um modo esquemático, o contexto da conjuntura no qual ocorrem as novas orientações para a educação. Indica, na primeira seção, o que os autores consideram as principais nervuras da crise que levou a debacle do governo do PT, que envolve a restauração do padrão de acumulação semelhante ao da ditadura empresarial-militar. A seguir, discute as principais alternações nas políticas para a educação básica e superior no contexto da ofensiva neoconservadora que encaminha um processo de intensificação da mercantilização da educação em meio às crises políticas e econômicas.
Atmospheric dust events in central Asia: Relationship to wind, soil type, and land use
Authors: Pi Huawei , Sharratt Brenton , Lei Jiaqiang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractXinjiang Province in northwest China is one of the most important source regions of atmospheric dust in the world. Spatial‐temporal characteristics of dust events in the province were investigated by time series analysis of annual dust event frequency and meteorological data collected at 101 meteorological stations from 1960 to 2007. Blowing dust frequency (BDF) and dust storm frequency (DSF) decreased with time in North, South, and East Xinjiang whereas floating dust frequency (FDF) decreased with time only in South and East Xinjiang. Dust concentrations were lower in North than in South Xinjiang and decreased with time in East Xinjiang. Wind significantly influenced the temporal trend in FDF, BDF, and DSF in South Xinjiang and DSF in North Xinjiang. Frequency of dust events was smaller by an order of magnitude in North (10.9 d yr−1) than in South Xinjiang (111.3 d yr−1), possibly due in part to higher annual precipitation in North Xinjiang. Floating dust was most frequently observed in East and South Xinjiang, while blowing dust was most frequently observed in North Xinjiang. The high frequency of floating dust in East and South Xinjiang is likely due to the enclosed terrain that characterizes these regions. Land use and soil type also influenced dust events. Although climate influences frequency of dust events, the occurrence of these events may be reduced most effectively by imposing better land management practices in deciduous forests or orchards characterized by saline soils in respectively North and East Xinjiang and meadows characterized by Guanyu soils in South Xinjiang.
Reconciling the deformational dichotomy of the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikoura New Zealand earthquake
Authors: Furlong Kevin P. , Herman Matthew 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFollowing the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikoura earthquake, uncertainty over the nature of the coseismic rupture developed. Seismological evidence pointed to significant involvement of the subduction megathrust, while geodetic and field observations pointed to a shallow set of intracrustal faults as the main participants during the earthquake. The addition of tsunami observations and modeling as reported in Bai et al. (2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL073717) places additional constraints on the specific location of coseismic slip, which when combined with other observations indicates the simultaneous occurrence of shallow slip on the subduction interface and slip on overlying, upper crustal fault structures. This Kaikoura‐style earthquake, involving synchronous ruptures on multiple components of the plate boundary, is an important mode of plate boundary deformation affecting seismic hazard along subduction zones.
α‐Keto Thioesters as Building Blocks for Accessing γ‐Hydroxybutenolides and Oxazoles
Authors: Mal Kanchan , Das Indrajit 
Published: June 2017

Abstractα‐Keto thioesters, with two electrophilic carbon centres, have been found to react differently with β‐keto esters and isocyanoacetates. They undergo base induced Knoevenagel‐type condensation on the keto carbonyl group with β‐keto esters, followed by intramolecular cyclization and water addition leads to highly substituted γ‐hydroxybutenolides. On the other hand, substituted oxazole derivatives have been obtained using isocyanoacetates via nucleophilic displacement on the thioester carbonyl followed by intramolecular cyclization. Further functionalization of the γ‐hydroxybutenolides is also demonstrated via a BF3.OEt2‐mediated cation‐driven nucleophilic addition of terminal alkynes to access multiply substituted butenolides.magnified image
Metal–free C5‐H Bromination of Quinolines for One‐pot C−X (X=C, O, S) Bond Formations
Authors: Li You , Zhu Longzhi , Cao Xin , Au Chak‐Tong , Qiu Renhua , Yin Shuang‐Feng 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe developed an efficient and convenient method for metal‐free bromination of 8‐aminoquinoline scaffolds on the C5 position that is geometrically inaccessible. And this bromination step can be followed in a one‐pot manner with five kinds of C−X (X=C, O, S) cross‐coupling reactions without any extra workup, such as removal of the solvent or filtration for the separation of intermediate. The reaction tolerates a wide scope of alkyl and aryl amides as well as (hetero)aryl boronic acids, generating the corresponding arylation products in good to excellent yields. Furthermore, the one‐pot alkenylation, alkynylation, thiolation and phenoxylation of quinolines on the C5 position can be efficiently realized using this brominated quinoline amide molecular platform. Thus, the method shows high practical potential in industrial organic synthesis.magnified image
Exploiting Lithium–Ether Co‐Intercalation in Graphite for High‐Power Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kim Haegyeom , Lim Kyungmi , Yoon Gabin , Park Jae‐Hyuk , Ku Kyojin , Lim Hee‐Dae , Sung Yung‐Eun , Kang Kisuk 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe intercalation of lithium ions into graphite electrode is the key underlying mechanism of modern lithium‐ion batteries. However, co‐intercalation of lithium‐ions and solvent into graphite is considered undesirable because it can trigger the exfoliation of graphene layers and destroy the graphite crystal, resulting in poor cycle life. Here, it is demonstrated that the [lithium–solvent]+ intercalation does not necessarily cause exfoliation of the graphite electrode and can be remarkably reversible with appropriate solvent selection. First‐principles calculations suggest that the chemical compatibility of the graphite host and [lithium–solvent]+ complex ion strongly affects the reversibility of the co‐intercalation, and comparative experiments confirm this phenomenon. Moreover, it is revealed that [lithium–ether]+ co‐intercalation of natural graphite electrode enables much higher power capability than normal lithium intercalation, without the risk of lithium metal plating, with retention of ≈87% of the theoretical capacity at current density of 1 A g−1. This unusual high rate capability of the co‐intercalation is attributed to the (i) absence of the desolvation step, (ii) negligible formation of the solid–electrolyte interphase on graphite surface, and (iii) fast charge‐transfer kinetics. This work constitutes the first step toward the utilization of fast and reversible [lithium–solvent]+ complex ion intercalation chemistry in graphite for rechargeable battery technology.
Mechanistic Insight Leads to a Ligand Which Facilitates the Palladium‐Catalyzed Formation of 2‐(Hetero)Arylaminooxazoles and 4‐(Hetero)Arylaminothiazoles
Authors: Olsen Esben P. K. , Arrechea Pedro L. , Buchwald Stephen L. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBy using mechanistic insight, a new ligand (EPhos) for the palladium‐catalyzed C−N cross‐coupling between primary amines and aryl halides has been developed. Employing an isopropoxy group at the C3‐position favors the C‐bound isomer of the ligand‐supported palladium(II) complexes and leads to significantly improved reactivity. The use of a catalyst system based on EPhos with NaOPh as a mild homogeneous base proved to be very effective in the formation of 4‐arylaminothiazoles and highly functionalized 2‐arylaminooxazoles. Previously, these were not readily accessible using palladium catalysis.
Characteristics and Management of IgA Vasculitis (Henoch‐Schönlein) in Adults: Data From 260 Patients Included in a French Multicenter Retrospective Survey
Authors: Audemard‐Verger Alexandra , Terrier Benjamin , Dechartres Agnès , Chanal Johan , Amoura Zahir , Le Gouellec Noémie , Cacoub Patrice , Jourde‐Chiche Noémie , Urbanski Geoffrey , Augusto Jean‐François , Moulis Guillaume , Raffray Loic , Deroux Alban , Hummel Aurélie , Lioger Bertrand , Catroux Mélanie , Faguer Stanislas , Goutte Julie , Martis Nihal , Maurier François , Rivière Etienne , Sanges Sébastien , Baldolli Aurélie , Costedoat‐Chalumeau Nathalie , Roriz Mélanie , Puéchal Xavier , André Marc , Lavigne Christian , Bienvenu Boris , Mekinian Arsène , Zagdoun Elie , Girard Charlotte , Bérezné Alice , Guillevin Loïc , Thervet Eric , Pillebout Evangéline ,   on behalf of the French Vasculitis Study Group
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveData on adult IgA vasculitis (Henoch‐Schönlein) (IgAV) are scarce. This survey was designed to better define the clinical spectrum of IgAV and efficacy of treatments in a French patient population.MethodsData on clinical characteristics, histologic features, and treatment response from 260 patients with IgAV included in a French multicenter retrospective survey were analyzed. Efficacy data were compared using different statistical models.ResultsThe mean ± SD age of the patients with IgAV at diagnosis was 50.1 ± 18 years, and 63% of patients were male. Baseline manifestations included purpura (100%), arthralgias/arthritis/myalgia (61%), glomerulonephritis (70%), and/or gastrointestinal involvement (53%). Thirty percent of patients showed renal failure at baseline. In univariate analysis, the response to therapy was 80% (64 of 80) in patients treated with corticosteroids (CS) alone, compared to 77% (23 of 30) in patients treated with CS plus cyclophosphamide (CYC) and 59% (10 of 17) in patients treated with colchicine (P = 0.17). Multivariable analysis showed that treatment with CS or CS plus CYC was more effective than colchicine in achieving a response. Efficacy differences were demonstrated using different statistical models: in the multivariable logistic regression model, odds ratio (OR) 3.68, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.10–12.33 (P = 0.03); in the inverse probability weighting on propensity score model, OR 3.75, 95% CI 1.28–10.99 (P = 0.02). The efficacy of CS plus CYC as compared to CS alone was discordant according to the analytic method used. Analysis with the multivariable logistic regression model did not demonstrate a difference between CS plus CYC and CS alone (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.29–2.67; P = 0.82). In contrast, inverse probability weighting on propensity score showed that CS plus CYC was more effective than CS alone (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.00–3.20; P = 0.049).ConclusionThis series constitutes the largest series of adults with IgAV reported in the literature so far. It provides data on clinical and histologic presentation and therapeutic efficacy, suggesting that CS alone appears to be a reasonable first‐line therapy in patients with IgAV, while the benefit of adding CYC to CS remains uncertain.