bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epiprofin Regulates Enamel Formation and Tooth Morphogenesis by Controlling Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions During Tooth Development
Authors: Nakamura Takashi , Jimenez-Rojo Lucia , Koyama Eiki , Pacifici Maurizio , de Vega Susana , Iwamoto Masahiro , Fukumoto Satoshi , Unda Fernando , Yamada Yoshihiko 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

The synchronization of cell proliferation and cytodifferentiation between dental epithelial and mesenchymal cells is required for the morphogenesis of teeth with the correct functional shapes and optimum sizes. Epiprofin (Epfn), a transcription factor belonging to the Sp family, regulates dental epithelial cell proliferation and is essential for ameloblast and odontoblast differentiation. Epfn deficiency results in the lack of enamel and ironically the formation of extra teeth. We investigated the mechanism underlying the functions of Epfn in tooth development through the creation of transgenic mice expressing Epfn under the control of an epithelial cell-specific K5 promoter (K5-Epfn). We found that these K5-Epfn mice developed abnormally shaped incisors and molars and formed fewer molars in the mandible. Remarkably, ameloblasts differentiated ectopically and enamel was formed on the lingual side of the K5-Epfn incisors. By contrast, ameloblasts and enamel were found only on the labial side in wild-type mice, as Follistatin (Fst) expressed in the lingual side inhibits BMP4 signaling necessary for ameloblast differentiation. We showed that Epfn transfection into the dental epithelial cell line SF2 abrogated the inhibitory activity of Fst and promoted ameloblast differentiation of SF2 cells. We found that Epfn induced FGF9 in dental epithelial cells and this dental epithelial cell-derived FGF9 promoted dental mesenchymal cell proliferation via the FGF receptor 1c (FGFR1c). Taken together, these results suggest that Epfn preserves the balance between cell proliferation and cytodifferentiation in dental epithelial and mesenchymal cells during normal tooth development and morphogenesis. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Understanding Outcomes in a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Ward‐based Intervention on Psychiatric Inpatient Wards: A Qualitative Analysis of Staff and Patient Experiences
Authors: Berry Katherine , Haddock Gillian , Kellett Stephen , Awenat Yvonne , Szpak Karolina , Barrowclough Christine 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveTeam formulation is advocated to improve quality of care in mental health care and evidence from a recent U.K.‐based trial supports its use in inpatient settings. This study aimed to identify the effects of formulation on practice from the perspectives of staff and patient participating in the trial, including barriers and enhancers to implementing the intervention.MethodWe carried out semistructured interviews with 57 staff and 20 patients. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsMain outcomes were: improved staff understanding of patients, better team collaboration and increased staff awareness of their own feelings. Key contextual factors were as follows: overcoming both staff and patient anxiety, unwelcome expert versus collaborative stance, competing demands, and management support.ConclusionTeam formulation should be implemented to improve quality of care in inpatient settings and larger definitive trials should be carried out to assess the effect of this intervention on patient outcomes.
The Relationship Between Perfectionism and Psychopathology: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Limburg Karina , Watson Hunna J. , Hagger Martin S. , Egan Sarah J. 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveThe clinical significance of 2 main dimensions of perfectionism (perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns) was examined via a meta‐analysis of studies investigating perfectionism in the psychopathology literature.MethodWe investigated relationships between psychopathology outcomes (clinical diagnoses of depression, anxiety disorders, obsessive‐compulsive disorder, and eating disorders; symptoms of these disorders; and outcomes related to psychopathology, such as deliberate self‐harm, suicidal ideation, and general distress) and each perfectionism dimension. The relationships were examined by evaluating (a) differences in the magnitude of association of the 2 perfectionism dimensions with psychopathology outcomes and (b) subscales of 2 common measures of perfectionism.ResultsA systematic literature search retrieved 284 relevant studies, resulting in 2,047 effect sizes that were analysed with meta‐analysis and meta‐regression while accounting for data dependencies.ConclusionFindings support the notion of perfectionism as a transdiagnostic factor by demonstrating that both dimensions are associated with various forms of psychopathology.
Graphics processing unit‐based solution of nonlinear Maxwell's equations for inhomogeneous dispersive media
Authors: Rudenko Anton , Colombier Jean‐Philippe , Itina Tatiana E. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryA new approach is developed for fast solution of complex dynamic problems in nonlinear optics. The model consists of the nonlinear Maxwell's equations coupled with time‐dependent electron density equation. The approach is based on the Finite‐Difference Time‐Domain and the auxiliary differential equation methods for frequency‐dependent Drude media with a time‐dependent carrier density, changing due to Kerr, photoionization, avalanche, and recombination effects. The system of nonlinear Maxwell‐Ampere equations is solved by an iterative fixed‐point procedure. The proposed approach is shown to remain stable even for complex nonlinear media and strong gradient fields. Graphics‐processing‐units technique is implemented by using an efficient algorithm enabling solution of massively 3‐dimensional problems within reasonable computation time.
Understanding the spatio‐temporal influence of climate variability on Australian heatwaves
Authors: Loughran Tammas F. , Perkins‐Kirkpatrick Sarah E. , Alexander Lisa V. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTSome of the major drivers of extreme temperatures in Australia are related to large‐scale variations in the climate. While many of the relationships between climate variability and heatwaves have been described, the preceding climate conditions and the circulation patterns responsible for interannual heatwave variations are still poorly understood. We have used rotated principal component analysis (PCA) to describe the variance of frequency, duration, magnitude and timing of Australian summer heatwaves. This provides a simple means of investigating both the spatial patterns of circulation and the preceding climate mode conditions of summer heatwaves. We find that spatial patterns of heatwave variability associated with El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) were focused in the north and northeast of Australia for heatwave occurrence. Patterns of heatwave amplitude in southeastern Australia were also weakly related to ENSO. The PCA did not find any direct, concurrent Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) or Southern Annular Mode (SAM) signal. However, lead correlations indicate that winter IOD conditions can have a weak indirect effect on heatwave occurrence in northeast Australia and similarly, winter SAM conditions can affect heatwave timing in central eastern Australia. Regressions reveal that ENSO related heatwave duration and frequency in the northeast are related to the movement of the Walker circulation, while southeastern heatwave amplitude is associated with a north–south movement of the Tasman high pressure system. These results may lead to improvements in understanding the predictability and general preparedness for heatwaves in the summer season.
Temperature and light conditions at different latitudes affect sensory quality of broccoli florets (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica)
Authors: Johansen Tor J , Mølmann Jørgen AB , Bengtsson Gunnar B , Schreiner Monica , Velasco Pablo , Hykkerud Anne L , Cartea Elena , Lea Per , Skaret Josefine , Seljåsen Randi 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDBroccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) is a popular vegetable grown at a wide range of latitudes. Plants were grown in 2009–2011 in pots with standardized soil, irrigation and nutrient supply under natural temperature and light conditions at four locations (42–70° N). A descriptive sensory analysis of broccoli florets was performed by a trained panel to examine any differences along the latitudinal gradient for 30 attributes within appearance, odour, taste/flavour and texture.RESULTSAverage results over three summer seasons in Germany, southern Norway and northern Norway showed that the northernmost location with low temperatures and long days had highest scores for bud coarseness and uniform colour, while broccoli from the German location, with high temperatures and shorter days, had highest intensity of colour hue, whiteness, bitter taste, cabbage flavour, stale flavour and watery flavour. Results from two autumn seasons at the fourth location (42° N, Spain), with low temperatures and short days, tended toward results from the two northernmost locations, with an exception for most texture attributes.CONCLUSIONResults clearly demonstrate that temperature and light conditions related to latitude and season affect the sensory quality of broccoli florets. Results may be used in marketing special quality regional or seasonal products. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Chemical characterization and in vitro colonic fermentation of grape pomace extracts
Authors: Gil‐Sánchez Irene , Ayuda‐Durán Begoña , González‐Manzano Susana , Santos‐Buelga Celestino , Cueva Carolina , Martín‐Cabrejas M Angeles , Sanz‐Buenhombre Marisa , Guadarrama Alberto , Moreno‐Arribas M Victoria , Bartolomé Begoña 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDCurrently, there is growing interest in extracts derived from winery by‐products because of their beneficial health properties, which are associated with the presence of bioactive compounds. In this paper, we have carried out the chemical characterization and in vitro colonic fermentation of four grape pomace (GP) extracts rich in polyphenols and dietary fibre.RESULTFirstly, phenolic and dietary fibre composition of the GP extracts was determined. The highest individual phenolic concentrations corresponded to gallic and ellagic acids, followed by catechins and flavonols. The non‐digestible fibre fraction ranged from 66% to 83% of the GP extracts, which indicated that they mainly contained non‐digestible cell wall components. Secondly, when GP extracts were subjected to fermentation by faecal microbiota, a total of 16 bacterial phenolic metabolites were found in the fermented samples, confirming that polyphenols contained in the GP extracts were metabolized to different active metabolites by microbiota. In addition, the GP extracts tended to promote the growth of intestinal microbiota, although it was only significant for the Enterococcus group.CONCLUSIONThese findings, together with other information available in the literature, support the high added value of products obtained from winery by‐products. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Characterizations of calcite particles and evaluations of their light scattering effects in lacustrine systems
Authors: Peng Feng , Effler Steven W. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCharacterization of autochthonously produced calcite particles, along with the associated heteronuclei, and evaluation of their effects on light scattering, are advanced for lacustrine waters. This is supported by (1) direct measurement of minerogenic particle populations from 12 northeastern U.S. lakes with scanning electron microscopy interfaced with automated image and X‐ray analyses (SAX), and (2) application of the previously tested SAX−Mie‐theory approach to resolve the contributions of calcite vs. allochthonous minerogenic particles to particulate scattering and backscattering coefficients (bp and bbp), and (3) comparison with organic contributions estimated through empirical bio‐optics models. Intervals of substantial contributions of calcite to bp and bbp, described as “whiting events,” are demonstrated for these study lakes. Organic particles, apparently from two size ranges, likely corresponding to pico‐ and nanocyanobacteria, are found to serve as the primary heteronuclei for the calcite precipitation. The coating of these particles with calcite within the upper waters of the study lakes remained thin. The calculated relative increases in bbp were substantially more than for bp because of the greater effect of the higher refractive index (i.e., n) of calcite for the former. Differences in n values for calcite reported in the literature are a source of noteworthy uncertainty in associated bbp estimates. Nine years of spring−fall monitoring in Cayuga Lake, New York, documented major interannual variations in the whiting events with respect to timing, magnitude of the scattering signatures, and the sizes of heteronuclei. Whiting events can have major effects on commonly monitored optical features, including Secchi depth and remote sensing reflectance.
Characterization of the nociceptive effect of carrageenan: Masseter versus gastrocnemius
Authors: Bagüés Ana , Martín‐Fontelles M. Isabel , Esteban‐Hernández Jesús , Sánchez‐Robles Eva M. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTIntroductionTo better understand the pathophysiology of chronic muscle pain, there are multiple animal models that mimic different acute/chronic pain conditions, such as carrageenan injection. Our previous studies demonstrated differences between muscles of different innervation in acute pain. In this study we characterized the effect of carrageenan in 2 muscles: masseter (trigeminal innervation) and gastrocnemius (spinal innervation).MethodsCarrageenan (3%, 6%, and 9%) was injected into the masseter and gastrocnemius of rats. Mechanical, heat, and chemical nociceptive thresholds were measured for 14 days.ResultsCarrageenan did not induce mechanical allodynia or thermal hypersensitivity in either muscle. Instead, it induced a short‐lasting mechanical hyperalgesia, greater in the masseter than in the gastrocnemius.ConclusionCarrageenan injected into the masseter and gastrocnemius induces a short‐lasting hyperalgesia. These results could indicate a higher susceptibility of orofacial muscles to this type of insult and, consequently, a difference between trigeminal and spinal innervation. Muscle Nerve 56: 804–813, 2017
Activating the AKT2–nuclear factor‐κB–lipocalin‐2 axis elicits an inflammatory response in age‐related macular degeneration
Authors: Ghosh Sayan , Shang Peng , Yazdankhah Meysam , Bhutto Imran , Hose Stacey , Montezuma Sandra R , Luo Tianqi , Chattopadhyay Sreya , Qian Jiang , Lutty Gerard A , Ferrington Deborah A , Zigler, Jr J Samuel , Sinha Debasish 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAge‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex and progressive degenerative eye disease resulting in severe loss of central vision. Recent evidence indicates that immune system dysregulation could contribute to the development of AMD. We hypothesize that defective lysosome‐mediated clearance causes accumulation of waste products in the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), activating the immune system and leading to retinal tissue injury and AMD. We have generated unique genetically engineered mice in which lysosome‐mediated clearance (both by phagocytosis and autophagy) in RPE cells is compromised, causing the development of features of early AMD. Our recent data indicate a link between lipocalin‐2 (LCN‐2) and the inflammatory responses induced in this mouse model. We show that nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) and STAT‐1 may function as a complex in our animal model system, together controlling the upregulation of LCN‐2 expression in the retina and stimulating an inflammatory response. This study revealed increased infiltration of LCN‐2‐positive neutrophils in the choroid and retina of early AMD patients as compared with age‐matched controls. Our results demonstrate that, both in our animal model and in human AMD, the AKT2–NF‐κB–LCN‐2 signalling axis is involved in activating the inflammatory response, making this pathway a potential target for AMD treatment. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The last frontier in open science: Will open peer review transform scientific and scholarly publishing?
Authors: Wang Peiling , Hoyt Jason , Pöschl Ulrich , Wolfram Dietmar , Ingwersen Peter , Smith Richard , Bates Marcia 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThis interactive panel session will introduce and debate the notion of Open Peer Review (OPR), an emerging approach to peer review that stems from the Open Science Movement. In essence, OPR makes all aspects of the peer review process transparent and open to authors, reviewers and readers. Audience members will be polled on their knowledge of and attitudes towards OPR at the beginning of the session and will have an opportunity to join the debate after the panelists have provided their perspectives on the issues related to peer review and the potential for OPR. We welcome remote attendees to join the panel at https://tennessee.zoom.us/j/5849681809 (audio & video or audio only; computer or mobile) [Please contact peilingw@utk.edu or dwolfram@uwm.edu to sign up]
Diversity and multiculturalism of LIS education
Authors: Aytac Selenay , Ma Lai , Potnis Devendra , Rorissa Abebe , Chen Hsin Liang , Hu Xiao 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThe purpose of the panel is to raise the common questions about diversity and multiculturalism training in library schools, and engage the audience in a meaningful discussion about diversity and multiculturalism. We will discuss the importance of diversity and multiculturalism training in library and information science curricula by examining multiple countries/regions as case studies. We would be seeking answers to two major questions: “What do responsible library science educators need to do to educate librarians on diversity/multiculturalism/internationalism?” and “How can we educate future librarians so that they will have a greater perspective on diversity and multiculturalism?”
How is image seeking and use studied: Theoretical models and research methods: Sponsored by: SIG VIS, SIG AH, SIG DL, and SIG USE
Authors: Matusiak Krystyna K. , Rorissa Abebe , Albertson Dan , Yoon JungWon 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThe digital revolution is associated with the proliferation of visual resources and with the increasing use of images in teaching, scholarly activities, communication, and everyday information practices. Visual information seeking and use is a growing area of research in information science. The panel discussion will focus on theoretical and methodological approaches to studying how users seek, select, apply, and organize visual information in a range of information and communication practices. The discussion about theory and research methodologies will be complemented by an example of an empirical study and an inquiry into implications of social media for image use research. The panel will contribute to a better understanding of the current state of image research and will engage the scholarly community in a debate about research methodology and theory development.
Research perspectives on serendipity and information encountering
Authors: Erdelez Sanda , Heinström Jannica , Makri Stephann , Björneborn Lennart , Beheshti Jamshid , Toms Elaine , Agarwal Naresh Kumar 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTSerendipitous discovery has been a research topic for more than one hundred years, but only recently has it been the focus of attention in library and information science (LIS). In 1960, Bernier published the first article on serendipity in a LIS journal. The number of publications gradually grew until 1990s, after which the field experienced a significant interest by the LIS researchers. Currently, LIS researchers are studying serendipity and information encountering from different perspectives, ranging from analyzing various conceptual frameworks to conducting bibliometric studies and investigating factors that trigger and affect the phenomenon. The panel of experts will discuss the issues and challenges of conducting research in this new field of study in LIS.
“A right to ‘read’ for machines: Assessing a black‐box analysis exception for data mining”
Authors: Caspers Marco , Guibault Lucie 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThis panel looks into the impact of the current copyright framework in the European Union on text and data mining (TDM) and discusses the impact of introducing a TDM exception in EU copyright law. A design of this exception is proposed for the panel, and is partially based on findings in the Horizon 2020 FutureTDM project. This project aims to improve uptake of text and data mining (TDM) in the EU and, in that regard, has studied the legal barriers to TDM and will be developing and recommending a policy framework in the future. Part of this policy framework will consist of possible actions to be undertaken by the ‐European and national – legislators.A TDM exception is considered to include in the recommendations and we therefore broach the topic to discuss the possible legal, economic and practical impact of such an exception with experts from the field. The TDM exception, as proposed for this panel, is inspired by the “black‐box analysis” exception from the Software Directive, which allows lawful users of a program to perform any of the acts of loading, displaying, running, transmitting or storing the program to “determine the ideas and principles” underlying it. The authors of the panel believe that this underlines the general principle of copyright law: namely, that ideas and facts are not protected. Therefore, proposition to be discussed is that a similar exception should be introduced for copyright law in general, that would allow reproductions to be made of works for the sole purpose of extracting facts and ideas underlying them. This would allow TDM activities, where machines ‘read’ lawfully accessed works just as the human reading of works does not require further authorization from the copyright holder.
Untangling data sharing and reuse in social sciences
Authors: Curty Renata , Yoon Ayoung , Jeng Wei , Qin Jian 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThe discipline of social science has unique research norms and cultures regarding data sharing and reuse that can be affected by complex factors related to context, time and dependence on human subjects. Compared with STEM disciplines, social sciences emphasize the protection of study participants and observees. Extra effort is required from reusers to preserve data interconnectedness in order to guarantee the data's understandability and informative value. In this panel, the panelists will present their research findings and provide perspective on social science data sharing and reuse, including factors that may influence data reuse behavior, researchers' trust judgment in data for data reuse, and infrastructural barriers and incentives for data sharing among social scientists. This panel aims to provide an overview of the current state of social science data reuse and sharing, and, in collaboration with panel participants, elicit topics for future research. It also proposes a practical agenda to develop alternative incentives for individual researchers, and potential ways in which data sharing and reuse can be improved, coordinated, and encouraged among social scientists.