bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity and Range of Amphibians of the Yukon Territory
Authors: Slough Brian G. , Mennell R. Lee 
Published: January 2017

Four amphibian species occur in the Yukon: Western Toad (Bufo boreas; first verified record in 1961), the Boreal Chorus Frog (Pseudacris maculata, first record in 1995), the Columbia Spotted Frog (Rana luteiventris, first record in 1993), and the Wood Frog (Rana sylvatica; first record in 1933). The Western Toad is restricted to the Liard Basin in five geographically separated areas. Breeding sites have been located on the lower Coal River and vicinity. The Boreal Chorus Frog has been documented from a small area of the lower La Biche River valley near the Yukon-British Columbia-Northwest Territories border. The Columbia Spotted Frog occurs in two widely separated areas, at Bennett Lake in the southwest and in the Liard Basin in the southeast. The Wood Frog is widespread below treeline. Limited survey efforts continue to hinder our knowledge of amphibian distribution. Erratum included.
Additions to the boreal flora of the Northwest Territories with a preliminary vascular flora of Scotty Creek
Authors: Garon-Labrecque Marie-Ève , Léveillé-Bourret Étienne , Higgins Kellina , Sonnentag Oliver 
Published: January 2017

We present the first survey of the vascular flora of Scotty Creek, a peatland-dominated watershed with discontinuous permafrost about 60 km south of Fort Simpson, Northwest Territories (NWT). Of the 140 vascular plant taxa found at Scotty Creek, two are additions to the boreal flora of NWT: Arethusa bulbosa (Dragon’s-mouth, Orchidaceae) and Carex pauciflora (Few-flowered Sedge, Cyperaceae). The occurrence of Arethusa bulbosa extends the known range of this species 724 km to the northwest, making this purportedly eastern American plant almost pan-Canadian. Two other major range extensions (> 200 km) are reported for Carex brunnescens subsp. sphaerostachya (Round-spike Brownish Sedge) and Platanthera dilatata var. dilatata (Tall White Bog Orchid). Furthermore, 15 other rare NWT species are reported, including three species known from a single other locality in the NWT. The flora of Scotty Creek is dominated by circumpolar (55%) and widespread North American (34%) elements. Despite the absence of exposed alkaline rocks and the dominance of deep organic soil almost throughout Scotty Creek, a number of limeindicator plants were found in lakes and minerotrophic wetlands.
The “Normalization” of Deviance: A Case Study on the Process Underlying the Adoption of Deviant Behavior
Authors: Courtois Cynthia , Gendron Yves 
Published: January 2017

SUMMARY
In 2011, the Québec government launched the Charbonneau Commission, a monumental public inquiry tasked with getting to the bottom of a major collusion and corruption scandal involving elected officials, municipal employees, and construction industry contractors. The scandal concerned the awarding of municipal contracts that led to a significant waste of public funds. Yet, at the time, all municipal sector organizations involved were regulated by several controls, particularly in the granting of public contracts. How could the situation deteriorate to the point where collusion became the “usual” way of managing public contracts, particularly in the City of Montréal? The objective of this article is to better understand how deviance became the “norm,” such that the social actors involved came to adopt a deviant identity rather than obeying socially accepted rules. Conceptually inspired by the work of Becker (1963), Foucault (1977), and Giddens (1991), this article is based on the in-depth testimonies of two key actors in the collusion scheme. Our aim is to better understand the process leading to the adoption of deviant behavior and the often illusory character of organizational and regulatory controls.
Professional Virtue Reinforcements: A Necessary Complement to Technological and Policy Reforms
Authors: Brown J. Owen , Marcum James A. , Stuebs Martin T. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Rapid advances in technology within accounting information systems (AIS) accompanied by an increase in information accessibility render organizations vulnerable to the misuse of confidential data. AIS professionals are uniquely equipped and positioned to address these information security risks and to strengthen the trust stakeholders and the public place in the AIS function. We contend that reforms to control and protect intelligence with improved systemic controls must be complemented with reforms to control and protect professional integrity. We propose a Systems Trust Model that elevates professional virtue as a fundamental and necessary control element that complements information technology governance and systemic controls. We then analyze the necessity and sufficiency of the trust model elements for creating and protecting system trust—regardless of additional opportunities and incentives present in new and evolving technologies in AIS. Implications for future research, AIS curriculum, and the AIS profession at large are discussed.
Glyburide Versus Metformin and Their Combination for the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Nachum Zohar , Zafran Noah , Salim Raed , Hissin Noura , Hasanein Jamal , Gam Ze Letova Yifat , Suleiman Abeer , Yefet Enav 
Published: January 2017

OBJECTIVE
To compare the efficacy and safety of glyburide versus metformin and their combination for the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In this prospective randomized controlled study, we randomly assigned patients with GDM at 13–33 weeks gestation and whose blood glucose was poorly controlled by diet to receive either glyburide or metformin. If optimal glycemic control was not achieved, the other drug was added. If adverse effects occurred, the drug was replaced. If both failed, insulin was given. The primary outcomes were the rate of treatment failure and glycemic control after the first-line medication according to mean daily glucose charts.

RESULTS
Glyburide was started in 53 patients and metformin in 51. In the glyburide group, the drug failed in 18 (34%) patients due to adverse effects (hypoglycemia) in 6 (11%) and lack of glycemic control in 12 (23%). In the metformin group, the drug failed in 15 (29%) patients, due to adverse effects (gastrointestinal) in 1 (2%) and lack of glycemic control in 14 (28%). Treatment success after second-line therapy was higher in the metformin group than in the glyburide group (13 of 15 [87%] vs. 9 of 18 [50%], respectively; P = 0.03). In the glyburide group, nine (17%) patients were eventually treated with insulin compared with two (4%) in the metformin group (P = 0.03). The combination of the drugs reduced the need for insulin from 33 (32%) to 11 (11%) patients (P = 0.0002). Mean daily blood glucose and other obstetrical and neonatal outcomes were comparable between groups, including macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, and electrolyte imbalance.

CONCLUSIONS
Glyburide and metformin are comparable oral treatments for GDM regarding glucose control and adverse effects. Their combination demonstrates a high efficacy rate with a significantly reduced need for insulin, with a possible advantage for metformin over glyburide as first-line therapy.
Mechanical properties, bond strength and microstructural evolution of AA1060/TiO2 composites fabricated by warm accumulative roll bonding (WARB)
Authors: Vini Mohammad Heydari , Sedighi Mohammad , Mondali Mehdi 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn the present study, aluminum metal matrix composites reinforced with 5 % volume fraction of TiO2 particles were manufactured via warm accumulative roll bonding (WARB). The mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of composites fabricated by 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 cycles of WARB were studied with application of tensile, peeling, and Vickers micro-hardness tests. Microstructural evolution during ARB cycles led to improvement of the strength and elongation properties of the samples. According to the results, uniform distribution of TiO2 clusters improved both the strength and tensile toughness of the composites. Finally, introduction of TiO2 particles into the Al matrix via WARB would allow fabricating particle-reinforced Al alloy with high uniformity and significantly enhance the mechanical properties and bond strength. Moreover, after the tensile and peeling tests, the fracture and peeling surfaces of the samples were studied at various WARB cycles using scanning electron microscopy.
Digital material representation concept applied to investigation of local inhomogeneities during manufacturing of magnesium components for automotive applications
Authors: Madej Lukasz , Ambrozinski Mateusz , Kwiecien Mateusz , Gronostajski Zbigniew , Pietrzyk Maciej 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMulti-scale computer aided design of manufacturing processes of a magnesium bracket for the automotive industry is the main goal of the present paper. Tensile tests at various deformation conditions (temperatures, strain rates etc.) were performed to obtain flow stress data necessary for the macro-scale finite element analysis. The digital material representation concept was used to create a micro-scale model and to evaluate the influence of local microstructural features in the form of twins on material behaviour. An algorithm based on the cellular automata method capable of replicating microstructural morphology with twins was proposed to provide the digital material representation model. The bracket made of AZ31 magnesium alloy was formed at an elevated temperature of 200 °C. Description of the study as well as results obtained at two length scales are presented in the paper.
DATA-CONSTRAINED CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS IN A GLOBAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS MODEL
Authors: Jin M. , Manchester W. B. , van der Holst B. , Sokolov I. , Tóth G. , Mullinix R. E. , Taktakishvili A. , Chulaki A. , Gombosi T. I. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
We present a first-principles-based coronal mass ejection (CME) model suitable for both scientific and operational purposes by combining a global magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) solar wind model with a flux-rope-driven CME model. Realistic CME events are simulated self-consistently with high fidelity and forecasting capability by constraining initial flux rope parameters with observational data from GONG, SOHO/LASCO, and STEREO/COR. We automate this process so that minimum manual intervention is required in specifying the CME initial state. With the newly developed data-driven Eruptive Event Generator using Gibson–Low configuration, we present a method to derive Gibson–Low flux rope parameters through a handful of observational quantities so that the modeled CMEs can propagate with the desired CME speeds near the Sun. A test result with CMEs launched with different Carrington rotation magnetograms is shown. Our study shows a promising result for using the first-principles-based MHD global model as a forecasting tool, which is capable of predicting the CME direction of propagation, arrival time, and ICME magnetic field at 1 au (see the companion paper by Jin et al. 2016a).
SIGNS OF EARLY-STAGE DISK GROWTH REVEALED WITH ALMA
Authors: Yen Hsi-Wei , Koch Patrick M. , Takakuwa Shigehisa , Krasnopolsky Ruben , Ohashi Nagayoshi , Aso Yusuke 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
We present ALMA 1.3 mm continuum, 12CO, C18O, and SO data for the Class 0 protostars Lupus 3 MMS, IRAS 15398−3559, and IRAS 16253−2429 at resolutions of ∼100 au. By measuring a rotational profile in C18O, a 100 au Keplerian disk around a 0.3 M
⊙ protostar is observed in Lupus 3 MMS. No 100 au Keplerian disks are observed in IRAS 15398−3559 and IRAS 16253−2429. Nevertheless, embedded compact (<30 au) continuum components are detected. The C18O emission in IRAS 15398−3559 shows signatures of infall with a constant angular momentum. IRAS 16253−2429 exhibits signatures of infall and rotation, but its rotational profile is unresolved. By fitting the C18O data with our kinematic models, the protostellar masses and the disk radii are inferred to be 0.01 M
⊙ and 20 au in IRAS 15398−3559, and 0.03 M
⊙ and 6 au in IRAS 16253−2429. By comparing the specific angular momentum profiles from 10,000 au to 100 au in eight Class 0 and I protostars, we find that the evolution of envelope rotation can be described with conventional inside-out collapse models. In comparison with a sample of 18 protostars with known disk radii, our results reveal signs of disk growth, with the disk radius increasing as

M

*

0.8
±
0.14

or

t

1.09
±
0.37

in the Class 0 stage, where M
* is the protostellar mass and t is the age. The disk growth rate slows down in the Class I stage. In addition, we find a hint that the mass accretion rate declines as

t

−
0.26
±
0.04

from the Class 0 to the Class I stages.
ALMA Reveals Strong
Emission in a Galaxy Embedded in a Giant Lyα Blob at z = 3.1
Authors: Umehata Hideki , Matsuda Yuichi , Tamura Yoichi , Kohno Kotaro , Smail Ian , Ivison R. J. , Steidel Charles C. , Chapman Scott C. , Geach James E. , Hayes Matthew , Nagao Tohru , Ao Yiping , Kawabe Ryohei , Yun Min S. , Hatsukade Bunyo , Kubo Mariko , Kato Yuta , Saito Tomoki , Ikarashi Soh , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Lee Minju , Izumi Takuma , Mori Masao , Ouchi Masami 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We report the result from observations conducted with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) to detect [C
ii] 158 μm fine structure line emission from galaxies embedded in one of the most spectacular Lyα blobs (LABs) at z = 3.1, SSA22-LAB1. Of three dusty star-forming galaxies previously discovered by ALMA 860 μm dust continuum survey toward SSA22-LAB1, we detected the [C
ii] line from one, LAB1-ALMA3 at z = 3.0993 ± 0.0004. No line emission was detected, associated with the other ALMA continuum sources or from three rest-frame UV/optical selected z
spec ≃ 3.1 galaxies within the field of view. For LAB1-ALMA3, we find relatively bright [C
ii] emission compared to the infrared luminosity (L
[C
ii]/L
IR ≈ 0.01) and an extremely high [C
ii] 158 μm and [N
ii] 205 μm emission line ratio (L
[C
ii]/L

[N
ii]
> 55). The relatively strong [C
ii] emission may be caused by abundant photodissociation regions and sub-solar metallicity, or by shock heating. The origin of the unusually strong [C
ii] emission could be causally related to the location within the giant LAB, although the relationship between extended Lyα emission and interstellar medium conditions of associated galaxies is yet to be understand.
Ultraviolet C ii and Si iii Transit Spectroscopy and Modeling of the Evaporating Atmosphere of GJ436b
Authors: Loyd R. O. Parke , Koskinen T. T. , France Kevin , Schneider Christian , Redfield Seth 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Hydrogen gas evaporating from the atmosphere of the hot-Neptune GJ436b absorbs over 50% of the stellar Lyα emission during transit. Given the planet’s atmospheric composition and energy-limited escape rate, this hydrogen outflow is expected to entrain heavier atoms such as C and O. We searched for C and Si in the escaping atmosphere of GJ436b using far-ultraviolet Hubble Space Telescope COS G130M observations made during the planet’s extended H i transit. These observations show no transit absorption in the C ii 1334,1335 Å and Si iii 1206 Å lines integrated over [−100, 100] km s−1, imposing 95% (2σ) upper limits of 14% (C ii) and 60% (Si iii) depth on the transit of an opaque disk and 22% (C ii) and 49% (Si iii) depth on an extended highly asymmetric transit similar to that of H i Lyα. C+ is likely present in the outflow according to a simulation we carried out using a spherically symmetric photochemical-hydrodynamical model. This simulation predicts an ∼2% transit over the integrated bandpass, consistent with the data. At line center, we predict the C ii transit depth to be as high as 19%. Our model predicts a neutral hydrogen escape rate of

g s−1 (

g s−1 for all species) for an upper atmosphere composed of hydrogen and helium.
Simulations of Magnetic Fields in Tidally Disrupted Stars
Authors: Guillochon James , McCourt Michael 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We perform the first magnetohydrodynamical simulations of tidal disruptions of stars by supermassive black holes. We consider stars with both tangled and ordered magnetic fields, for both grazing and deeply disruptive encounters. When the star survives disruption, we find its magnetic field amplifies by a factor of up to 20, but see no evidence for a self-sustaining dynamo that would yield arbitrary field growth. For stars that do not survive, and within the tidal debris streams produced in partial disruptions, we find that the component of the magnetic field parallel to the direction of stretching along the debris stream only decreases slightly with time, eventually resulting in a stream where the magnetic pressure is in equipartition with the gas. Our results suggest that the returning gas in most (if not all) stellar tidal disruptions is already highly magnetized by the time it returns to the black hole.
Interferometric Measurement of Acceleration at Relativistic Speeds
Authors: Christian Pierre , Loeb Abraham 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We show that an interferometer moving at a relativistic speed relative to a point source of light offers a sensitive probe of acceleration. Such an accelerometer contains no moving parts, and is thus more robust than conventional “mass-on-a-spring” accelerometers. In an interstellar mission to Alpha Centauri, such an accelerometer could be used to measure the masses of exoplanets and their host stars as well as test theories of modified gravity.
Experimental Observation of Thin-shell Instability in a Collisionless Plasma
Authors: Ahmed H. , Doria D. , Dieckmann M. E. , Sarri G. , Romagnani L. , Bret A. , Cerchez M. , Giesecke A. L. , Ianni E. , Kar S. , Notley M. , Prasad R. , Quinn K. , Willi O. , Borghesi M. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We report on the experimental observation of the instability of a plasma shell, which formed during the expansion of a laser-ablated plasma into a rarefied ambient medium. By means of a proton radiography technique, the evolution of the instability is temporally and spatially resolved on a timescale much shorter than the hydrodynamic one. The density of the thin shell exceeds that of the surrounding plasma, which lets electrons diffuse outward. An ambipolar electric field grows on both sides of the thin shell that is antiparallel to the density gradient. Ripples in the thin shell result in a spatially varying balance between the thermal pressure force mediated by this field and the ram pressure force that is exerted on it by the inflowing plasma. This mismatch amplifies the ripples by the same mechanism that drives the hydrodynamic nonlinear thin-shell instability (NTSI). Our results thus constitute the first experimental verification that the NTSI can develop in colliding flows.
Eleni Sikelianos’ California Poem and the American Traditions of the Long Poem
Authors: Rumeau Delphine 
Published: January 2017

Cet article propose de situer le California Poem d’Eleni Sikelianos (2004) dans le champ des traditions du long poème américain. Il montre que l’œuvre croise deux tendances différentes: d’une part l’héritage moderniste dont se réclame Sikelianos, d’autre part le désir de revenir à ce qu’elle appelle « l’ancien schéma narratif », en particulier celui de l’épopée. Nous montrons également le tournant écologique qui s’opère dans le poème par rapport aux traditions épiques américaines.
BLT1 Mediates Bleomycin-Induced Lung Fibrosis Independently of Neutrophils and CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Lv Jiaoyan , Xiong Yingluo , Li Wenjing , Yang Wei , Zhao Lina , He Rui 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and its functional receptor BLT1 are closely involved in tissue inflammation by primarily mediating leukocyte recruitment and activation. Elevated LTB4 was reported in patients with lung fibrosis; however, the role of the LTB4/BLT1 axis in lung fibrosis remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that BLT1−/− mice exhibited significantly attenuated bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis. Interestingly, BLT1 blockade with its specific antagonist U75302 in the acute injury phase (days 0–10 after BLM treatment) significantly attenuated lung fibrosis, which was accompanied by significant decreases in early infiltrating neutrophils and later infiltrating CD4+ T cells and the production of TGF-β, IL-13, and IL-17A. In contrast, BLT1 blockade in the fibrotic phase (days 10–21 after BLM treatment) had no effect on lung fibrosis and TGF-β production, although it significantly decreased CD4+ T cell infiltration. Furthermore, depletion of neutrophils or CD4+ T cells had no effect on BLM-induced lung fibrosis, suggesting the independence of profibrotic activity of the LTB4/BLT1 axis on BLT1-dependent lung recruitment of these two leukocytes. Finally, although BLT1 blockade had no effect on the recruitment and phenotype of macrophages in BLM-induced lung fibrosis, the LTB4/BLT1 axis could promote TGF-β production by macrophages stimulated with BLM or supernatants from BLM-exposed airway epithelial cells in an autocrine manner, which further induced collagen secretion by lung fibroblasts. Collectively, our study demonstrates that the LTB4/BLT1 axis plays a critical role in acute injury phase to promote BLM-induced lung fibrosis, and it suggests that early interruption of the LTB4/BLT1 axis in some inflammatory diseases could prevent the later development of tissue fibrosis.
Ibrutinib Therapy Increases T Cell Repertoire Diversity in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Yin Qingsong , Sivina Mariela , Robins Harlan , Yusko Erik , Vignali Marissa , O’Brien Susan , Keating Michael J. , Ferrajoli Alessandra , Estrov Zeev , Jain Nitin , Wierda William G. , Burger Jan A. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib is a highly effective, new targeted therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) that thwarts leukemia cell survival, growth, and tissue homing. The effects of ibrutinib treatment on the T cell compartment, which is clonally expanded and thought to support the growth of malignant B cells in CLL, are not fully characterized. Using next-generation sequencing technology, we characterized the diversity of TCRβ-chains in peripheral blood T cells from 15 CLL patients before and after 1 y of ibrutinib therapy. We noted elevated CD4+ and CD8+ T cell numbers and a restricted TCRβ repertoire in all pretreatment samples. After 1 y of ibrutinib therapy, elevated peripheral blood T cell numbers and T cell–related cytokine levels had normalized, and T cell repertoire diversity increased significantly. Dominant TCRβ clones in pretreatment samples declined or became undetectable, and the number of productive unique clones increased significantly during ibrutinib therapy, with the emergence of large numbers of low-frequency TCRβ clones. Importantly, broader TCR repertoire diversity was associated with clinical efficacy and lower rates of infections during ibrutinib therapy. These data demonstrate that ibrutinib therapy increases diversification of the T cell compartment in CLL patients, which contributes to cellular immune reconstitution.
Weingarten Type Surfaces in ℍ2× ℝ and 𝕊2× ℝ
Authors: Folha Abigail , Peñafiel Carlos 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this article, we study complete surfaces Σ, isometrically immersed in the product spaces ℍ2× ℝ or 𝕊2× ℝ having positive extrinsic curvature Ke. Let Kidenote the intrinsic curvature of Σ. Assume that the equation aKi+ bKe= c holds for some real constants a ≠ 0,b >0, and c. The main result of this article states that when such a surface is a topological sphere, it is rotational.