bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth and shrinkage of tissue sheets on substrates: buds, buckles, and pores
Authors: Noguchi Hiroshi , Elgeti Jens 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Many tissues take the form of thin sheets, being only a single cell thick, but millions of cells wide. These tissue sheets can bend and buckle in the third dimension. In this work, we investigated the growth and shrinkage of suspended and supported tissue sheets using particle-based simulations. We construct a minimum model, combining particle-based tissue growth and meshless membrane models, to simulate the growth of tissue sheets with mechanical feedback. Free suspended growing tissues exhibit wrinkling when growth is sufficiently fast. Conversely, tissues on a substrate form buds when the adhesion to the substrate is weak and/or when the friction with the substrate is strong. These buds undergo a membrane-mediated attraction and subsequently fuse. The complete detachment of tissues from the substrate and straight buckled bump formation are also obtained at very weak adhesion and/or fast growth rates. In the tissue shrinkage, tissue pores grow via Ostwald ripening and coalescence. The reported dynamics can also be applied in research on the detachment dynamics of different tissues with weakened adhesion.
Modeling for formation of microdroplets prepared by pulsated orifice ejection method
Authors: Xu Fumin , Chen Shouren , Dong Wei , Zhao Yang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the preparation of metallic microdroplets by pulsed orifice ejection method. Computational fluid dynamics simulations, combined with volume-of-fluid model, were employed to analyze the jet break-up and droplet formation behaviors of various metallic materials within a certain Weber number (We) range. An energy-based physical model under inlet boundary conditions was established to precisely control the generation of droplets. The results indicate that the break-up state of metal jets is significantly influenced by material properties within the range that We = 12 ∼ 24, which makes the materials exhibiting higher surface tension and density relatively favorable to the production of mono-sized microdroplets. Moreover, the break-up behavior of the jet is closely related to the ratio of volume force to surface tension (Bond number). And the proposed model effectively predicts the properties of droplets. This research provides theoretical guidance and technical support for the precise preparation of metallic microdroplets.
Thermosensitive double-membrane neurons and their network dynamics
Authors: Jia Junen , Xie Ying , Wang Chunni , Ma Jun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Cell membrane of biological neurons has distinct geometric structure, and involvement of diffusive term is suitable to estimate the spatial effect of cell membrane on neural activities. The gradient field diversity between two sides of the cell membrane can be approached by using a double-layer membrane model for the neuron. Therefore, two capacitive variables and diffusive terms are used to investigate the neural activities of cell membrane, and the local kinetics is described by a functional circuit composed of two capacitors. The voltages for the two parallel capacitors describe the inner and outer membrane potentials, and the diffusive effect of ions is considered on the membrane surface. The results reveal that neural activities are relative to the capacitance ratio between the inside and outside of the membrane and diffusive coefficient. High-energy periodic external stimulation induces the target waves to spread uniformly, while low-energy chaotic stimulation results in wave fragmentation. Furthermore, when the capacitance ratio exhibits exponential growth under an adaptive control law, the resulting energy gradient within the network induces stable target waves. That is, energy distribution affects the wave propagation and pattern formation in the neuron. The result indicates that the spatial diffusive effect and capacitance diversity between outer and inner cell membranes are important for selection of firing patterns and signal processing during neural activities. This model is more suitable to estimate neural activities than using generic oscillator-like or map neurons without considering the spatial diffusive effect.
Dual-emissive carbon dots with high-color purity from sweet basil leaves: synthesis, characterization and optical properties
Authors: Alassafi Jamaan E , Aida Mohammed Salah , Al-Hadeethi Yas , Al-Shehri Samar Fayez , Alshalawi Mohammaed A , Aldosari Abdullah M , Almasoudi M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this study, we synthesized dual-emission carbon dots (CDs) from sweet basil leaves dissolved in hexane using the hydrothermal method. Extensive analyses were carried out on their morphology, structure, and optical properties. The CDs show a spherical shape and highly disordered structure with an average diameter of 2 nm. They predominantly comprise carbon surrounded by a dense shell layer of oxygen and nitrogen-related functional groups. Under excitation at a single wavelength of 380 nm, the CDs emit two distinct peaks at 450 and 675 nm demonstrating a narrow bandwidth emission with full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 72 and 27 nm, respectively. The emission characteristics of CDs are ascribed to the combined effects of radiative recombination of the carbon-core and fully passivated surface states, resulting in two distinct emission peaks and excitation-independent emission property. We present a highly effective and eco-friendly approach to fabricate luminescent CDs exhibiting dual emission properties derived from sustainable resources, holding promise for utilization in bioimaging.
Investigation of optically transparent metasurfaces for gain improvement of an ultrawideband antenna for wireless body area networks and vehicular communications
Authors: Das Priyanka , Madhav B T P , Ghali Srinivasa Rao , Kundu Surajit , Alathbah Moath 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Due to higher frequencies which cause signal deterioration, 5 G enabled antennas are prone to substantial attenuation. To circumvent this problem, several access points, signal repeaters, and base stations must be installed closer together on building windows, streetlights, and other infrastructure. Optically transparent antennas preserve the aesthetics of the windows by offering the requirements for access points and base stations for providing network connectivity to the cars and pedestrians passing by those buildings. Here we report an ultrawideband (UWB) high gain optically transparent antenna operating from 4–12 GHz. Indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass has been used as an optically transparent substrate for designing the antenna and metasurface. Two optically transparent metasurfaces have been proposed for band-stop filtering action across the UWB frequency range 4–12 GHz. In absence of the metasurface, the antenna operates in the frequency band ranging from 3.8 to 15 GHz. Average gain enhancement is 5.2 dB with radiation efficiency higher than 93% across the UWB frequency band from 4–12 GHz. Numerical simulations have been carried out for analysis of the proposed antenna and metasurfaces. These simulations have been validated by experimental measurements of the fabricated prototypes.
Refraction of flexural wave in the valley topological interface
Authors: Sheng Ping , Zhou Linyun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The transport behavior of valley kink states has attracted significant research interest due to its potential prospects in energy harvesting, vibration mitigation, and elastic wave imaging. In this work, we extensively investigate the topological refraction in valley elastic topological insulators (TIs) when the topological edge states (TES) transport from the interface termination into the bare plate. We show that the refraction pattern (negative or positive refraction) depends on the type of valleys from which the edge state is projected, and the refraction angles can be tuned by the Dirac frequency. Thus, we can realize the conversion of the refracted wave into the evanescent wave, resulting in no refraction beams in the bare plate, which provides a new perspective for vibration isolation and mitigation. We then construct a new layered TI by alternately arranging two unit cells with opposite topological phases. The dispersion relation of the layered TI shows a negative band and a positive band in the bulk band gap, corresponding to two different edge modes. In the edge states, the wave energy would transfer toward the negative (positive) direction of the wave vector along the interface when an incident wave couples to this TI, resulting in a negative (positive) shift parallel to the interface. We selectively achieve negative (positive) refraction by exciting only one desired edge mode. In particular, the presence of the impedance mismatch between the layered TIs and the bare plate leads to the relatively low energy amplitude of the refracted beam. Our research results provide new insights into manipulating the refraction wave in plates and facilitate potential applications in vibration mitigation, beam splitting, and negative refraction images.
Evolution of coupled scalar perturbations through smooth reheating. Part I. Dissipative regime
Authors: Laine M. , Procacci S. , Rogelj A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
If the inflaton is a heavy scalar field, it may equilibrate slower than
some other degrees of freedom, e.g. non-Abelian gauge bosons. In this case,
perturbations in the inflaton field and in a thermal
plasma coexist from a given moment onwards. We derive a gauge-invariant set
of three coupled equations governing the time evolution of such a system.
Despite singular coefficients,
a reliable numerical solution can be obtained for a long
time period, starting from phase oscillations inside the Hubble horizon,
and extending until acoustic oscillations in a radiation-dominated universe.
Benchmarks are illustrated from a “weak regime”,
where perturbations have a quantum-mechanical origin but get dissipated
by interactions with the plasma. Among applications of our formalism
could be inhomogeneity-induced nucleations in
post-inflationary phase transitions, and
the production of scalar-induced gravitational waves.
Multiple peaks in gravitational waves induced from primordial curvature perturbations with non-Gaussianity
Authors: Zeng Xiang-Xi , Cai Rong-Gen , Wang Shao-Jiang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
First-order primordial curvature perturbations are known to induce gravitational waves at the second-order, which can in turn probe the small-scale curvature perturbations near the end of the inflation. In this work, we extend the previous analysis in the Gaussian case into the non-Gaussian case, with particular efforts to obtain some thumb rules of sandwiching the associated peaks in gravitational waves induced from multiple peaks of non-Gaussian curvature perturbations.
Exploring waveforms with non-GR deviations for extreme mass-ratio inspirals
Authors: Kumar Shailesh , Singh Rishabh Kumar , Chowdhuri Abhishek , Bhattacharyya Arpan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The fundamental process of detecting and examining the polarization modes of gravitational
waves plays a pivotal role in enhancing our grasp on the precise mechanisms behind their
generation. A thorough investigation is essential for delving deeper into the essence of
gravitational waves and rigorously evaluating and validating the range of modified gravity
theories. In this line of interest, a general description of black holes in theories beyond
general relativity can serve a meaningful purpose where distinct deviation parameters can be
mapped to solutions representing distinct theories. Employing a refined version of the deformed
Kerr geometry, which is free from pathological behaviours such as unphysical divergences in the
metric, we explore an extreme mass-ratio inspiral system, wherein a stellar-mass object perturbs a
supermassive black hole. We compute the effects of deformation parameters on the
rate of change of orbital energy and angular momentum, orbital evolution and
phase dynamics with leading order post-Newtonian corrections. With the waveform analysis, we
assess the plausibility of detecting deviations from general relativity through observations
facilitated by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), simultaneously constraining the
extent of these deviations. Therefore, this analysis provides an understanding while highlighting
the essential role of observations in advancing gravitational phenomena beyond general relativity.
Clocking the end of cosmic inflation
Authors: Auclair Pierre , Blachier Baptiste , Ringeval Christophe 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMaking observable predictions for cosmic inflation requires determining when the wavenumbers of astrophysical interest today exited the Hubble radius during the inflationary epoch. These instants are commonly evaluated using the slow-roll approximation and measured in e-folds ΔN=N-Nend, in reference to the e-foldNendat which inflation ended. Slow roll being necessarily violated towards the end of inflation, both the approximated trajectory andNendare determined at, typically, one or two e-folds precision. Up to now, such an uncertainty has been innocuous, but this will no longer be the case with the forthcoming cosmological measurements. In this work, we introduce a new and simple analytical method, on top of the usual slow-roll approximation, that reduces uncertainties on ΔNto less than a tenth of an e-fold.
Classicality of stochastic noise away from quasi-de Sitter inflation
Authors: Noorbala Mahdiyar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
It is well known that a coarse-grained scalar field living on a de Sitter (dS) background exhibits classical stochastic behavior, driven by a noise whose amplitude is set by the Hubble constant H. The coarse-graining is achieved by discarding wave numbers larger than a cutoff σaH and demanding that σ ≪ 1. Similar results hold for quasi-dS space, where the equation of state parameter w is close to -1. Here we present exact expressions for the noise amplitude of a free massless field on an inflationary background with constant w < -1/3. We find that a classical stochastic behavior can emerge for -5/3 < w < -1/3. Furthermore, as we move away from w = -1 and approach w = -1/3, the constraint σ ≪ 1 is relaxed and larger cutoffs (σ ∼ 1) become feasible, too. However, in general the amplitude of the noise depends on σ, except in the quasi-dS regime w ≈ -1.
High energy neutrino production in gamma-ray bursts: dependence of the neutrino signal on the jet composition
Authors: Lia Valentin De , Tamborra Irene 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Heavy nuclei can be synthetized or entrained in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with implications
on the high-energy neutrino emission. By means of a Monte-Carlo algorithm, we model nuclear
cascades and investigate their impact on the neutrino production considering kinetic dominated
jets (in the internal shock model, including a dissipative photosphere) as well as Poynting flux
dominated jets (for a jet model invoking internal-collision-induced magnetic reconnection and
turbulence, ICMART). We find that the ICMART model allows for efficient nuclear cascades leading
to an overall larger neutrino fluence than in the other two jet models. The survival of nuclei
and inefficient nuclear cascades lead to an overall reduction of the neutrino fluence up to one
order of magnitude. However, if nuclei are disintegrated, the neutrino fluence may be comparable
to the one emitted from a jet loaded with protons. Exploring the parameter space of jet
properties, we conclude that the composition and the bulk Lorentz factor have significant impact
on the efficiency of nuclear cascades as well as the spectral shape of the expected neutrino
fluence. On the other hand, the neutrino spectral distribution is less sensitive to the power-law
index of the accelerated population of protons or heavier nuclei. For what concerns the diffuse
emission of neutrinos from GRBs, we find that the uncertainty due to the jet composition can be at
most comparable to the one related to the GRB cosmological rate.
Foreground biases in strong gravitational lensing
Authors: Johnson Daniel , Fleury Pierre , Larena Julien , Marchetti Lucia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Strong gravitational lensing is a competitive tool to probe the dark matter and energy content of the Universe. However, significant uncertainties can arise from the choice of lens model, and in particular the parameterisation of the line of sight. In this work, we consider the consequences of ignoring the contribution of foreground perturbers in lens modelling. We derive the explicit form of the degeneracy between the foreground shear and the ellipticity of a power law lens, which renders the former quantity effectively unmeasurable from strong lensing observables, and biases measurements of the latter by a few percent. Nonetheless, we demonstrate that this degeneracy does not affect measurements of the Einstein radius. Foreground tidal effects are also not expected to bias the slope of the potential, and any biases in this slope should not affect the recovery of the Hubble constant. The foreground convergence term adds an additional uncertainty to the measurement of H
0, and we show that this uncertainty will be on the order of 1% for lensing systems located along random lines of sight. There is evidence to indicate that the probability of strong lensing is higher towards overdense lines of sight, and this could result in a small systematic bias towards overestimations of H
0.
Quark stars in f(R, T) gravity: mass-to-radius profiles and observational data
Authors: Banerjee Ayan , Sakallı İzzet , Dayanandan B. , Pradhan Anirudh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study explores the

gravity theory, which introduces a coupling between matter and curvature, through the simplest linear functional form

. We derive the modified Einstein field equations and conservation equations for this theory and then apply this framework to study the structural properties of quark stars (QSs) composed of interacting quark matter, considering perturbative QCD corrections and color superconductivity. By solving the modified Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations, we investigate the mass-radius relation, stability criteria, and energy conditions of QSs. Our results indicate that the

gravity significantly influences the properties of QSs, leading to deviations from General Relativity. The analysis is consistent with recent observational data, suggesting that the modified gravity framework could provide viable models for the study of compact stars.
The SNEWS 2.0 alert software for the coincident detection of neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae
Authors: Kara M. , Torres-Lara S. , Baxter A.L. , BenZvi S. , Colomer Molla M. , Habig A. , Kneller J.P. , Lai M. , Lang R.F. , Linvill M. , Milisavljevic D. , Migenda J. , Orr C. , Scholberg K. , Smolsky J. , Tseng J. , Tunnell C.D. , Vasel J. , Sheshukov A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The neutrino signal from the next galactic core-collapse
supernova will provide an invaluable early warning of the
explosion. By combining the burst trigger from several neutrino
detectors, the location of the explosion can be triangulated minutes
to hours before the optical emission becomes visible, while also
reducing the rate of false-positive triggers. To enable
multi-messenger follow-up of nearby supernovae, the SuperNova Early
Warning System 2.0 (SNEWS 2.0) will produce a combined alert using a
global network of neutrino detectors. This paper describes the
trigger publishing and alert formation framework of the SNEWS 2.0
network. The framework is built on the HOPSKOTCH publish-subscribe
system to easily incorporate new detectors into the network, and it
implements a coincidence system to form alerts and estimate a
false-positive rate for the combined triggers. The paper outlines
the structure of the SNEWS 2.0 software and the initial testing of
coincident signals.
Magnetic properties and linear negative magnetocapacitance in rutile like LiFe2SbO6
Authors: Banerjee Souvik , Jain Anil , Yusuf S M , Sundaresan A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We report the high-temperature magnetic ordering and the observation of linear negative magnetocapacitance mediated by a low-temperature magnetic phase crossover in the compound LiFe2SbO6. The combined observations of the absence of a second harmonic generation (SHG) signal, and Rietveld refinements of x-ray and neutron powder diffraction (NPD) patterns of the sample confirm that LiFe2SbO6 crystalizes in a centrosymmetric Pnnm structure. The DC magnetization measurements reveal that an antiferromagnetic ordering sets in at high temperature (T
N = 850). The magnetic anomaly in the DC magnetization at a lower temperature T = 13 K, is corroborated by AC susceptibility and the specific heat measurements. In association with this magnetic phase crossover, a linear negative magnetocapacitance was observed below this temperature. Further, the neutron powder diffraction study reveals a collinear antiferromagnetic ordering with a wavevector k = (0, 0, 0).
Fabrication of carbon nanotube neuromorphic thin film transistor arrays and their applications for flexible olfactory-visual multisensory synergy recognition
Authors: Sui Nianzi , Kang Kaixiang , Li Min , Zhang Dan , Li Benxiang , Shao Shuangshuang , Wang Hua , Zhao Jianwen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Artificial multisensory devices play a key role in human-computer interaction in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). In this work, we have designed and constructed a novel olfactory-visual bimodal neuromorphic carbon nanotube thin film transistor (TFT) arrays for artificial olfactory-visual multisensory synergy recognition with a very low power consumption of 25 aJ for a single pulse, employing semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (sc-SWCNTs) as channel materials and gas sensitive materials, and poly[[4,8-bis[5-(2-ethylhexyl)-2-thienyl]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b0]dithiophene-2,6-diyl]-2,5-thiophenediyl-[5,7-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4,8-dioxo-4H,8H-benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c0]dithio-phene-1,3-diyl]] (PBDB-T) as the photosensitive material. It is noted that it is the first time to realize the simulation of olfactory and visual senses (from 280 nm to 650 nm) with the wide operating temperature range (0–150 °C) in a single SWCNT TFT device and successfully simulate the recovery of olfactory senses after COVID-19 by olfactory-visual synergy. Furthermore, our SWCNT neuromorphic TFT devices with a high I
On/I
Off ratio (up to 106) at a low operating voltage (−2 to 0.5 V) canmimic not only the basic biological synaptic functions of olfaction and vision (such as paired-pulse facilitation, short-term plasticity, and long-term plasticity), but also optical wireless communication by Morse code. The proposed multisensory, broadband light-responsive, low-power synaptic devices provide great potential for developing AI robots to face complex external environments.