bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near‐optimal user assignment in LTE mobile networks with evolutionary computing
Authors: del Arco‐Vega Miguel A. , Cuadra Lucas , Portilla‐Figueras José Antonio , Salcedo‐Sanz Sancho 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis paper tackles the problem of users assignment to evolved NodeBs in long‐term evolution mobile networks. We propose a model that aims at assigning users by minimizing a function called download time of the complete system, defined as the minimum time required for all the users in the system to complete their downloads. This strategy helps the network use its resources in a more balanced way, by assigning users from cells (which otherwise would be overloaded when using a simple signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio‐based approach) to others with less load. The user‐cell association problem is, in general, a combinatorial NP hard problem. Although other approaches indirectly tackle this complexity by transforming the problem into another whose optimal solution is less difficult (but still with very high computational cost), we tackle directly our download time of the complete system minimization problem by finding an approximate solution provided by a specific implementation of an evolutionary algorithm, which is based on a long‐term evolution domain‐specific initial population along with fully tailored operators adapted to this assignment problem. A variety of experiments in different realistic scenarios point out that the proposed method outperforms the conventional signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio‐based and load balancing approaches, specially in urban and dense urban environments (where the assignment is more critical in terms of capacity). We have also tested our approach in simple scenarios that mimic heterogeneous networks and ultra‐dense networks in which the number of users is similar to that of nodes, proving its beneficial properties. Our method is aimed at the design/dimensioning stage and not to the operation stage, and in this sense, it is an off‐line algorithm that could be useful to make better decisions on cost‐effective network dimensioning and upgrading.
Flame retardancy, antifungal efficacies, and physical–mechanical properties for wood/polymer composites containing zinc borate
Authors: Chan‐Hom Tanakit , Yamsaengsung Weawboon , Prapagdee Benjaphorn , Markpin Teerasak , Sombatsompop Narongrit 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThis work aimed to examine flame retardancy, antifungal performance and physical–mechanical properties for silane‐treated wood–polymer composites (WPCs) containing zinc borate (ZnB). ZnB with content from 0.0 to 7.0 wt% was added to WPCs, and silane‐treated wood contents were varied. The polymers used were poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and high‐density polyethylene (HDPE). The decay test was performed according to the European standard EN 113. Loweporus sp., a white‐rot fungus, was used for antifungal performance evaluation. Antifungal performance was observed to decrease with wood content. Incorporation of ZnB at 1.0 wt% significantly increased the antifungal performance of WPCs. ZnB content of greater than 1.0 wt% lowered the antifungal properties of WPCs. The results suggested that the wood/PVC composite exhibited better antifungal performance than the wood/HDPE composite. The addition of wood flour to PVC and HDPE decreased flame retardancy, whereas the incorporation of ZnB retained the flame retardancy. ZnB was found to be more appropriate for wood/PVC than wood/HDPE as a result of hydrogen chloride generated from the dehydrochlorination reaction of PVC. The results indicated that the addition of ZnB did not affect the physical‐mechanical properties of neat polymers and the composites. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Human response to non‐injury accidental house fires
Authors: Xiong Lin , Bruck Dorothy , Ball Michelle 
Published: November 2016

SummaryResearch on fatal fires and evacuation exercises yield little or no information about how fire victims respond to a real house fire incident where occupants' mental stress levels differ greatly. Drawing upon daily records of fire incidents from the Victorian Metropolitan Fire Brigade and Country Fire Authority, Australia, 182 individuals who had survived accidental residential fires without serious injuries were interviewed. Similar to most literature, this paper found that electrical failure and cooking‐related activities were the main causes of non‐injury house fires. The smell of smoke was the top listed cue that first alerted an individual (‘host’ or person in the vicinity). The majority of hosts took proactive actions when facing the threat of a fire, while in only one third of survived fires no attempt to extinguish the fire was made at the time of ignition. This study did not reveal any significant relationships between main activities during a fire and occupant characteristics; however, people with no or only basic fire safety knowledge were more likely to engage in activities such as attempting to extinguish a fire/collect personal belongings/rescue pets/disconnect power source than those who had some level of fire training. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and olfactory evaluation of spiro tricyclic diether structures
Authors: Ondet Pierrick , Plessis Caroline , Lemière Gilles , Duñach Elisabet 
Published: November 2016

AbstractReadily available dienols were efficiently synthesised and cycloisomerised using a low catalyst loading of bismuth(III) triflate on the gram‐scale. Appealing complex tricyclic structures featuring a spirocyclic ether motif were obtained in very good yields. The olfactory properties of these original compounds has been assessed and pleasant fresh and woody notes from moderate to high intensity were noticed. In general, 2‐oxanorbornane compounds possess woody notes whereas analogous 7‐oxanorbornanes present greener tonalities. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new mesh relaxation approach and automatic time‐step control method for boundary integral simulations of a viscous drop
Authors: Siqueira I. R. , Rebouças R. B. , Oliveira T. F. , Cunha F. R. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryWe present a numerical methodology for the simulation of a viscous drop under simple shear flows by using the boundary integral method. The present work treats only a single drop in an unbounded fluid‐flow, but the results can be directly applied to studies on the rheology of dilute emulsions, in which the hydrodynamic interactions between two or more drops can be neglected. Singular and non‐singular integral representations of the velocity field are considered. Several aspects of the method are presented, including a new mesh relaxation approach and an automatic time‐step control method. The relaxation strategy is used in order to contain the distortion of the mesh and is performed by using relaxation iterations in a virtual temporal march between each physical time step of the simulation and monitoring the standard deviation of the areas of the elements. The automatic time‐step control method uses a global quantity related to the drop deformation in order to automatically set the temporal integration time step. It is carried out in a way to keep the local integration error less than a given tolerance. This strategy reduces the computational cost of the simulation by dramatically reducing the number of time steps in the temporal integration process. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reduced‐order modelling for linear heat conduction with parametrised moving heat sources
Authors: Brands Benjamin , Mergheim Julia , Steinmann Paul 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe purpose of Reduced‐Order Modelling (ROM) is to substantially lower the computational cost of numerical simulations. As an example proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), which is optimal in a least‐square sense, is applied to compute basis functions using existing solutions, e.g. from previously computed simulations. These reduced basis functions are subsequently used for the Galerkin projection of the governing equations.There is intense research on the application of ROM to parametrised partial differential equations (pPDE). However, in the case of transient equations research on ROM is mainly focused on models with constant parameters. In this paper an approach to cope with the linear heat conduction problem with a moving heat source is introduced. Problems of such kind are encountered in the simulation of laser or electron beam melting processes in additive manufacturing. To construct the reduced basis a nested POD method is used to mitigate the com‐putational costs of large‐scale eigenproblems. To further gain computational efficiency the discrete empirical interpolation method (DEIM) is applied to deal with non‐affine parameter dependencies.Based on various numerical examples the approximation quality of the reduced models is discussed through direct comparison with large‐scale Finite Element simulations. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Reorganization of brain connectivity in obesity
Authors: Geha Paul , Cecchi Guillermo , Todd Constable R. , Abdallah Chadi , Small Dana M. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractGlobal brain connectivity (GBC) identifies regions of the brain, termed “hubs,” which are densely connected and metabolically costly, and have a wide influence on brain function. Since obesity is associated with central and peripheral metabolic dysfunction we sought to determine if GBC is altered in obesity. Two independent fMRI data sets were subjected to GBC analyses. The first data set was acquired while participants (n = 15 healthy weight and 15 obese) tasted milkshake and the second with participants at rest (n = 33 healthy weight and 28 obese). In the resting state and during milkshake consumption GBC is consistently decreased in the ventromedial and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, insula and caudate nucleus, and increased in brain regions belonging to the dorsal attention network including premotor areas, superior parietal lobule, and visual cortex. During milkshake consumption, but not at rest, additional decreases in GBC are observed in feeding‐related circuitry including the insula, amygdala, anterior hippocampus, hypothalamus, midbrain, brainstem and somatomotor cortex. Additionally, GBC differences were not accounted for by age. These results demonstrate that obesity is associated with decreased GBC in prefrontal and feeding circuits and increased GBC in the dorsal attention network. We therefore conclude that global brain organization is altered in obesity to favor networks important for external orientation over those monitoring homeostatic state and guiding feeding decisions. Furthermore, since prefrontal decreases are also observed at rest in obese individuals future work should evaluate whether these changes are associated with neurocognitive impairments frequently observed in obesity and diabetes. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1403–1420, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Corticostriatal connectivity fingerprints: Probability maps based on resting‐state functional connectivity
Authors: Jaspers Ellen , Balsters Joshua H. , Kassraian Fard Pegah , Mantini Dante , Wenderoth Nicole 
Published: November 2016

AbstractOver the last decade, structure–function relationships have begun to encompass networks of brain areas rather than individual structures. For example, corticostriatal circuits have been associated with sensorimotor, limbic, and cognitive information processing, and damage to these circuits has been shown to produce unique behavioral outcomes in Autism, Parkinson's Disease, Schizophrenia and healthy ageing. However, it remains an open question how abnormal or absent connectivity can be detected at the individual level. Here, we provide a method for clustering gross morphological structures into subregions with unique functional connectivity fingerprints, and generate network probability maps usable as a baseline to compare individual cases against. We used connectivity metrics derived from resting‐state fMRI (N = 100), in conjunction with hierarchical clustering methods, to parcellate the striatum into functionally distinct clusters. We identified three highly reproducible striatal subregions, across both hemispheres and in an independent replication dataset (N = 100) (dice‐similarity values 0.40–1.00). Each striatal seed region resulted in a highly reproducible distinct connectivity fingerprint: the putamen showed predominant connectivity with cortical and cerebellar sensorimotor and language processing areas; the ventromedial striatum cluster had a distinct limbic connectivity pattern; the caudate showed predominant connectivity with the thalamus, frontal and occipital areas, and the cerebellum. Our corticostriatal probability maps agree with existing connectivity data in humans and non‐human primates, and showed a high degree of replication. We believe that these maps offer an efficient tool to further advance hypothesis driven research and provide important guidance when investigating deviant connectivity in neurological patient populations suffering from e.g., stroke or cerebral palsy. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1478–1491, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Emotion and personal space: Neural correlates of approach‐avoidance tendencies to different facial expressions as a function of coldhearted psychopathic traits
Authors: Vieira Joana B. , Tavares Tamara P. , Marsh Abigail A. , Mitchell Derek G.V. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn social interactions, humans are expected to regulate interpersonal distance in response to the emotion displayed by others. Yet, the neural mechanisms implicated in approach‐avoidance tendencies to distinct emotional expressions have not been fully described. Here, we investigated the neural systems implicated in regulating the distance to different emotions, and how they vary as a function of empathy. Twenty‐three healthy participants assessed for psychopathic traits underwent fMRI scanning while they viewed approaching and withdrawing angry, fearful, happy, sad and neutral faces. Participants were also asked to set the distance to those faces on a computer screen, and to adjust the physical distance from the experimenter outside the scanner. Participants kept the greatest distances from angry faces, and shortest from happy expressions. This was accompanied by increased activation in the dorsomedial prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices, inferior frontal gyrus, and temporoparietal junction for angry and happy expressions relative to the other emotions. Irrespective of emotion, longer distances were kept from approaching faces, which was associated with increased activation in the amygdala and insula, as well as parietal and prefrontal regions. Amygdala activation was positively correlated with greater preferred distances to angry, fearful and sad expressions. Moreover, participants scoring higher on coldhearted psychopathic traits (lower empathy) showed reduced amygdala activation to sad expressions. These findings elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying social approach‐avoidance, and how they are related to variations in empathy. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1492–1506, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High prevalence of self‐reported shoulder complaints after thyroid carcinoma surgery
Authors: Roerink Sean H. P. P. , Coolen Lien , Schenning Maria E. , Husson Olga , Smit Jan W. A. , Marres Henri A. , de Wilt Johannes H. W. , Netea–Maier Romana T. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundShoulder complaints are frequently reported after surgical treatment for thyroid carcinoma. However, no specific literature on this topic is available for these patients and, hence, its impact on quality of life (QOL) is unknown and there are no known predictors of shoulder complaints in this specific patient population. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of shoulder‐related complaints and its relation to QOL and clinical characteristics after thyroid carcinoma surgery by means of a cross‐sectional case control study in a tertiary referral center.MethodsThe prevalence of shoulder complaints and its relation to clinical characteristics and QOL after thyroid carcinoma surgery (n = 109) was compared to a healthy control group (n = 81). Main outcome measures are prevalence of self‐reported shoulder complaints, results of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (DASH), and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Core 30‐questions (EORTC‐QLQ‐C30).ResultsPatients with thyroid carcinoma, on average 10.2 years after thyroid surgery, reported a 58.7% prevalence of shoulder‐related complaints, which was significantly more than the 13.6% reported by healthy controls (p < .01). Patients with thyroid carcinoma scored worse than healthy controls on most of the different subscales of the DASH and EORTC‐QLQ‐C30. Bivariate association analysis identified level V neck dissection as being associated with the prevalence of shoulder complaints and the DASH score, and spinal accessory nerve damage and employment status as being associated with the DASH score. Prevalence of shoulder complaints and the DASH scores were significantly correlated to several EORTC‐QLQ‐C30 scores. Only 11.9% of patients with thyroid carcinoma retrospectively reported having received preoperative information on possible shoulder complaints and only 34.9% of patients with thyroid carcinoma retrospectively reported having received additional care for their shoulder complaints.ConclusionShoulder complaints represent and underestimated problem and are reported by many patients who had surgery for thyroid carcinoma. Information provision to the patient should be improved, shoulder complaints should be registered, and additional care should be provided after thyroid carcinoma surgery to improve QOL. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 260–268, 2017
Free thyroid transfer: Short‐term results of a novel procedure to prevent post‐radiation hypothyroidism
Authors: Harris Jeffrey , Barber Brittany , Almarzouki Hani , Scrimger Rufus , Romney Jacques , O'Connell Daniel , Urken Mark , Seikaly Hadi 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe incidence of radiation‐induced hypothyroidism (RIH) in patients with head and neck cancer is >50%. The purpose of this study was to assess the long‐term efficacy of free thyroid transfer (FTT) for prevention of RIH in patients with head and neck cancer.MethodsHemithyroid dissection was completed in 10 patients with advanced head and neck cancer undergoing ablation, radial forearm free flap (RFFF) reconstruction, and postoperative radiotherapy (RT). The hemithyroid was anastomosed to the donor site vessels in the forearm. Thyroid laboratory testing and technetium (Tc) scans were performed 6 weeks and 12 months postoperatively to establish functional integrity.ResultsFTT was successfully performed in 9 of 10 recruited patients. Postoperative Tc scans demonstrated strong Tc uptake in the forearm donor site at 6 weeks and 12 months in all patients who underwent transplantations.ConclusionFTT is feasible with maintenance of function, and may represent a novel strategy for prevention of RIH. © 2016 Elsevier Head & Neck Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 1234–1238, 2017
Molecular Simulations of Amyloid Structures, Toxicity, and Inhibition
Authors: Zhang Mingzhen , Ren Baiping , Chen Hong , Sun Yan , Ma Jie , Jiang Binbo , Zheng Jie 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe misfolding and aggregation of proteins and peptides into amyloid fibrils are believed to be responsible for the dysfunction and death of neuron cells in many neurodegenerative diseases. Resolving the atomic structures of amyloid peptides at different aggregation stages by molecular simulations has opened new ways to probe the molecular mechanisms of amyloid aggregation, toxicity, and inhibition, as well as to validate computational data with available experimental ones. In this review article, we summarize some recent and important findings on: 1) a number of atomic structures of amyloid oligomers with typical β‐sheet‐rich conformations, related to amyloid aggregation; 2) different amyloid peptide‐induced membrane‐disruption mechanisms, related to amyloid toxicity; and 3) rational design of different amyloid inhibitors capable of preventing amyloid aggregation and toxicity, related to amyloid inhibition. All these findings will provide some mechanistic implications for molecular mechanisms of amyloid aggregation, toxicity, and inhibition, which are fundamentally and practically important for the treatment of amyloid diseases.
Formation of Apoptosis‐Inducing Amyloid Fibrils by Tryptophan
Authors: Shaham‐Niv Shira , Rehak Pavel , Vuković Lela , Adler‐Abramovich Lihi , Král Petr , Gazit Ehud 
Published: November 2016

AbstractMany major degenerative disorders are associated with the formation of amyloid fibrils by proteins and peptides. Recent studies have extended the repertoire of amyloidogenic building blocks to non‐proteinaceous entities, including amino acids and nucleobases. Here, based on the high propensity of tryptophan‐containing proteins and peptides to form amyloid fibrils, we explored the self‐assembly profile of this amino acid. We discovered that tryptophan forms fibrillary assemblies with a diameter of 15–75 nm. These fibrils bind the thioflavin T amyloid‐specific dye and show a typical spectrum of amyloid proteins upon binding. Furthermore, the assemblies show significant cytotoxicity triggered by an apoptosis mechanism, similar to that known for amyloids. As a control, the non‐amyloidogenic amino acid alanine was used under the same conditions and did not show any toxicity. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to explore the possible growth mechanism, molecular organization, and stability of tryptophan amyloidal fibrils. Taken together, we provide further extension to the amyloid hypothesis and additional indication for a knwon mechanism of toxicity for both amyloid‐associated and metabolic disorders.
Simultaneously enhanced production of poly(β‐malic acid) and pullulan using a dissolved oxygen shift (DO‐shift) control strategy
Authors: Xia Jun , Liu Xiaoyan , Xu Jiaxing , Xu Jiming , Wang Xingfeng , Li Xiangqian 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDPoly(β‐malic acid) (PMA) and pullulan are two valuable biopolymers that can be produced simultaneously by certain strains of pullulans. In previous studies, PMA production was successfully improved with reducing pullulan production. In the present study, a DO‐shift control strategy was developed to obtain simultaneous high yields of PMA and pullulan.RESULTSPMA and pullulan co‐production at various constant DO levels ranging from 10% to 90% saturation were carried out in a 5 L stirred tank fermentor. Based on the analysis of batch fermentation kinetics at various constant DO levels, a DO‐shift control strategy that shifted the DO level from 30% saturation to 70% saturation at 72 h was developed to effectively obtain high productions of both PMA and pullulan.CONCLUSIONBy applying the DO‐shift control strategy, the maximum concentrations of PMA and pullulan reached 118.6 g L−1 and 27.2 g L−1, respectively. PMA production was successfully improved without sacrificing pullulan production. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry