bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of parental mediation and social skills on adolescents' use of online video games for escapism: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Commodari Elena , Consiglio Arianna , Cannata Martina , La Rosa Valentina Lucia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe widespread use of video games among adolescents has raised concerns about their impact on psychological and social development. This study aimed to assess the effects of different types of parental mediation on adolescents' tendency to use video games to avoid negative emotions and determine the relationship between adolescents' interpersonal skills and their reliance on online video games for escapism. Participants were 452 adolescents from 15 middle and high schools. Data on sociodemographic information, gaming habits, parental control of online gaming, interpersonal skills, and reasons for playing online games were also collected. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to analyze the data, with online video game escapism as the dependent variable. Results supported the study's hypothesis that both parental mediation and adolescent interpersonal skills significantly predict the use of online video games for escapism. Higher levels of parental monitoring were associated with a lower tendency of adolescents to use video games to escape negative emotions, while parental mediation supporting autonomy showed a similar but weaker protective effect. At the same time, parental monitoring was also found to be associated with lower interpersonal skills, notably higher impulsivity, narcissism, and stress in social situations. In addition, adolescents with higher levels of impulsivity were more likely to use video games for escapism. These findings highlight the importance of balanced parental involvement and the development of adolescents' social skills to mitigate the risks of problematic online gaming. Interventions should promote effective parental mediation strategies and enhance adolescents' interpersonal skills to reduce their tendency to use video games as a coping mechanism for real‐life challenges. Effective parental mediation and improved interpersonal skills are critical for promoting healthier gaming habits and reducing adolescent escapism.
Risk factors for neonatal admission from the beginning of pregnancy in Northeast Spain
Authors: Nagore González Carlos , Bueno Lozano Olga , Valle Guillén Sofía , Samper Villagrasa María Pilar , Ventura Faci Purificación , Rodríguez Martínez Gerardo 
Published: October 2024

AimMaternal health and gestational control are crucial to improving the newborn's prognosis. This study analyses demographic and obstetric factors at the beginning of pregnancy related to neonatal health, assessing their impact on the risk of hospital admission and prematurity.MethodsObservational retrospective study conducted in Northeast Spain with data of 9560 newborns between February 2017 and February 2022. The following have been evaluated as risk factors for hospital admission: nulliparity, multiple gestation, fertilisation techniques, foreign maternal origin, maternal age, smoking and residential location, dividing the sample according to gestational age. Hypothesis testing and logistic regression were performed.ResultsNulliparity, fertilisation techniques and multiple gestation represent a risk factor for neonatal admission (OR 22.48, 4.04 and 3.34, respectively), especially in premature newborns <32 weeks of GA (OR: 30.71, 10.71 and 22.76, respectively). Foreign maternal origin also adds risk of admission, both in term newborns (OR 1.26; CI: 1.10–1.43) and in premature babies <32 weeks of GA (OR 1.61; CI: 1.09–2.38). Tobacco does not present a significant risk of neonatal admission. The multivariate analysis model confirms the influence of the following factors in all the studied groups: nulliparity, multiple gestation and foreign maternal origin.ConclusionsNulliparity and multiple pregnancies are both main risk factors for neonatal admission and premature delivery. The use of fertilisation techniques and the foreign origin of the mother significantly associate increased risk of admission and neonatal prematurity. These findings underscore the need for a comprehensive approach to prenatal care to improve neonatal prognosis and promote long‐term health in risk populations.
Time to positivity of blood cultures in paediatric patients
Authors: Kong Catrin Kar Yee , Tan Natalie Woon Hui , Nadua Karen Donceras , Kam Kai‐Qian , Li Jiahui , Thoon Koh Cheng , Yung Chee Fu , Maiwald Matthias , Chong Chia Yin 
Published: October 2024

AimContinuous monitoring of blood culture (BC) systems allows rapid detection of microbial growth. We aimed to determine differences in time to positivity (TTP) in BACTEC BC between organisms and whether a 36‐h period was sufficient to detect all relevant pathogenic bacteria for children admitted to a tertiary care paediatric hospital.MethodsThis was a retrospective audit of positive aerobic (AE) and anaerobic (AN) BC from paediatric inpatients with available TTP from 1 August 2016 to 2 January 2019. First positive BC per bacteraemia episode was analysed.ResultsOverall, 649 BC were positive, of which 480 first positive BC were analysed: 246 AE (51.3%) only, 216 paired (45%) (108 AE and 108 AN) and 18 AN (3.8%) only. There were 372 episodes of bacteraemia in 340 patients. Median age was 19 months (interquartile range (IQR): 1.25–60). Median TTP for AE and AN cultures was 13.20 (IQR: 9.84–18.48) and 13.92 h (IQR: 10.32–17.04), respectively. Organisms were GNR 49.7%, GPC 29.6%, contaminants 14.5%, mixed 3.0%, other 2.4% and yeast 0.8%. Streptococcus agalactiae had the fastest median TTP in AE and AN cultures, followed by Escherichia coli (AE 8.88 vs. 10.20 h). For paired AE and AN cultures, TTP was faster for AE versus AN cultures (13.36 vs. 14.52 h, P = 0.001). A 36‐h cut‐off time captured 97.7% AE BC and 99.1% AN BC with pathogens, and 86.5% AE BC and 91.7% AN BC with contaminants, respectively.ConclusionsGNR were the commonest pathogens in paediatric BC and faster growth was detected in AE versus AN cultures. By 36 h, >97.7% of BC were positive for pathogens versus 86.5% for contaminants.
Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Hybrid Rye Ground to Two Particle Sizes and Fed With or Without Multienzyme Supplement to Young Growing Pigs
Authors: Song Jichen , Heuer Claus H. , Patterson Rob , Nyachoti Charles M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTA newly developed hybrid rye with enhanced ergot resistance has potential as an alternative energy source for pigs. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of particle size (PS) and multienzyme supplement (MES) on the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy and nutrients and the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in hybrid rye fed to growing pigs. Bono and Gatano, two hybrid rye varieties, were ground to either a coarse (1111 and 1210 μm) or a fine (594 and 717 μm) PS using a hammer mill. Eighteen ileal‐cannulated barrows (initial BW = 18.2 ± 1.0 kg) were randomly assigned to 1 of 9 dietary treatments in a replicated 9 × 3 incomplete Latin square design to give six observations per treatment. Among the nine experimental diets, eight featured two hybrid rye varieties (Bono or Gatano), either coarsely or finely ground, as the only source of AA with or without MES, while an N‐free diet was used to estimate the endogenous losses of AA at the distal ileum. All diets contained titanium dioxide as an indigestible marker. Each period lasted 9 days, with the first 5 days being for adaptation followed by 2 days each for faecal and ileal digesta collection. Data were analysed using the MIXED procedure of SAS, with the final model having variety, PS, MES, their two‐way interactions, and a three‐way interaction. No interactions were noted except that the apparent ileal digestibility and SID of crude protein (CP) and most AA in Gatano had greater effects of MES than Bono (Variety × MES; p < 0.05). The ATTD of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE) and CP were greater (p < 0.05) in Bono diets than in Gatano diets. Finely ground hybrid rye diets had higher (p < 0.05) ATTD of neutral detergent fibre assayed with a heat stable amylase and expressed inclusive of residual ash (NDF) and ether extract compared to coarsely ground hybrid rye diets. Dietary MES supplementation increased (p < 0.05) the ATTD of DM, GE, CP, NDF, acid detergent fibre expressed inclusive of residual ash, and ash in hybrid rye diets. In conclusion, the nutrients digestibility of hybrid rye can be affected by its variety. PS reduction improved the nutrient digestibility in hybrid rye, and MES supplementation improved the energy and AA digestibility in hybrid rye fed to growing pigs.
Neosporosis in 21 adult dogs, 2010‐2023
Authors: Kennedy Alexandra , White Joanna D. , Child Georgina 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundLimited information is available regarding the clinical features, treatment, and prognosis of neosporosis in adult dogs.ObjectiveDescribe the clinical signs, laboratory findings, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, treatment and outcome in adult dogs (>6 months) diagnosed with neosporosis based on consistent clinical signs and positive serology (titer ≥1 : 800) at a referral hospital in Sydney, Australia.AnimalsTwenty‐one client‐owned dogs.MethodsRetrospective case series of affected dogs between 2010 and 2023. Survival times were determined from onset of clinical signs to date of death or censoring.ResultsClinical signs varied, and were indicative of generalized myopathy (6 dogs), multifocal intracranial disease (7 dogs), myelopathy (4 dogs), polyneuropathy (2 dogs) and single cases of focal myopathy and cerebellar disease. Serum creatine kinase activity was markedly increased (median, 3369 U/L) in most dogs. The most common MRI abnormalities were multifocal intracranial abnormalities (7/13 dogs) and muscle changes (5/13 dogs) whereas T2‐weighted cerebellar abnormalities (2/13 dogs) and cerebellar atrophy (1/13) were less common. Treatment response was complete (resolution to normal) in 8 dogs, incomplete (persistent neurological deficits) in 6 dogs, but there was minimal response in 7 dogs. Thirteen dogs (62%) were alive after 6 months and 12 dogs (57%) alive after 1 year. Relapse was common, with 4 dogs experiencing at least 1 relapse event during the follow‐up period.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceAdult‐onset neosporosis is uncommon and has variable clinical presentations. Treatment response also is variable, and relapse can occur, even among patients that respond completely to initial treatment.
Strong nestedness and turnover effects on stand productivity in a long‐term forest biodiversity experiment
Authors: Zhang Lan , Schmid Bernhard , Bongers Franca J. , Li Shan , von Oheimb Goddert , Ma Keping , Liu Xiaojuan 
Published: October 2024

Summary
Multispecies planting is an important approach to deliver ecosystem functions in afforestation projects. However, the importance of species richness vs specific species composition in this context remains unresolved.
To estimate species or functional group richness and compositional change between two communities, we calculated nestedness, where one community contains a subset of the species of another, and turnover, where two communities differ in species composition but not in species richness. We evaluated the effects of species/functional group nestedness and turnover on stand productivity using 315 mixed plots from a pool of 40 tree species in a large forest biodiversity experiment in subtropical China.
We found that the greater the differences in species or functional group nestedness and turnover, the greater the differences in stand productivity between plots. Additionally, the strong effects of both nestedness and turnover on stand productivity developed over the 11‐yr observation period.
Our results indicate that selection of specific tree species is as important as planting a large number of species to support the productivity function of forests. Furthermore, the selection of specific tree species should be based on functionality, because beneficial effects of functional group composition were stronger than those of species composition.
A Positive Role for CaMEKK17 in Response to Drought Stress, Modulated by Clade A PP2Cs
Authors: Lim Chae Woo , Jeong Soongon , Baek Woonhee , Choi Hoyeol , Lee Sung Chul 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway is essential for plant response to abiotic stresses and can be modulated positively or negatively by MAPKKK proteins. This study focuses on the functional characterization of CaMEKK17, a MAPKKK previously recognized for its rapid induction under drought stress. Functional analyses demonstrated that CaMEKK17 is an active serine/threonine kinase with a conserved catalytic domain that is crucial for its kinase activity. CaMEKK17 silencing in pepper plants resulted in reduced drought tolerance, characterized by increased transpirational water loss and impaired ABA‐mediated stomatal closure. Conversely, CaMEKK17 overexpression in Arabidopsis increased kinase activity, enhancing ABA sensitivity and drought tolerance. Further investigation revealed that CaMEKK17 interacts with pepper group A type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs), particularly CaAITP1 and CaAIPP1, which inhibit its kinase activity. Protein–protein interactions mediated inhibition by CaAITP1, whereas CaAIPP1 relied on its phosphatase activity. Double gene silencing of CaMEKK17 and CaAITP1 demonstrated that CaMEKK17 functions downstream of CaAITP1 in ABA‐mediated drought tolerance. Taken together, our findings suggest that CaMEKK17 positively modulates drought tolerance in pepper plants but may be inhibited by PP2Cs.
Preferential Carbon Allocation Into Vegetative Ramets and Belowground Organs During the Seed‐Filling Stage Limits Seed Set in Leymus chinensis
Authors: Ao Yunna , Wang Zhiqi , Yang Xinran , Knops Johannes M. H. , Wang Jiao , Shi Yujie , Wang Junfeng 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTClonal perennial grasses are the dominant species in almost all natural grasslands, however their seed production is typically low. The reasons why seed set is so low remains unclear. We studied a rhizomatous grass (Leymus chinensis) using 13C tracing the different photosynthetic organs to investigate carbon fixation and allocation during the seed‐filling stage. We found that the vegetative ramet leaves are the largest (81%) source for total plant fixed carbon, whereas almost all carbon is allocated to vegetative reproduction. The spike is the largest (54%) carbon source for the seeds. However, the spike produced carbon only allocated 37% to the seeds, with the majority allocated to vegetative reproduction. This preferential carbon allocation to vegetative reproduction limits sexual reproduction. Nitrogen application significantly increased assimilated carbon. However, nearly all increased carbon accumulated in the vegetative reproduction rather than in the seeds. Only the carbon produced by the spike increased its allocation to the seeds by 13%. Taken together, we conclude that the predominance of vegetative reproduction, combined with self‐incompatibility, results in low ovule fertilization and very weak seed sink strength for carbon competition, suggests that the weak seed sink strength is the key reason causing low seed set in L. chinensis.
Diffusive Phyllosphere Microbiome Potentially Regulates Harm and Defence Interactions Between Stephanitis nashi and Its Crabapple Host
Authors: Li Tong‐Pu , Xie Jia‐Chu , Wang Chen‐Hao , Zhao Lv‐Quan , Hao De‐Jun 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPear lace bug (Stephanitis nashi) is a significant herbivorous pest, harbouring a diverse microbiome crucial for crabapple (Malus sp.) host adaptation. However, the mutual influence of S. nashi‐ and plant‐associated microbiomes on plant responses to pest damage remains unclear. This study found that S. nashi damage significantly altered bacterial community structure and reduced bacterial evenness in the crabapple phyllosphere. Notably, bacterial diversity within S. nashi was significantly lower than that in the environment, potentially influenced by insect developmental stage, bacterial diffusion stage and endosymbiont species number and abundance. Extensive bacterial correlation and diffusion effect between S. nashi and adjacent plant environments were observed, evident in a gradual decrease in bacterial diversity and an increase in bacterial acquisition ratio from soil to phyllosphere to S. nashi. Correspondingly, S. nashi significantly impacted the metabolic response of crabapple leaves, altering pathways involved in vitamin, amino acid and lipid metabolism and so forth. Furthermore, association analysis linked these metabolic changes to phyllosphere bacterial alterations, emphasizing the important role of diffusive phyllosphere microbiome in regulating S. nashi‐crabapple interactions. This study highlights bacterial diffusion effect between insect and plants and their potential role in regulating insect adaptability and plant defence responses, providing new insights into plant−insect−microbiome interactions.
Multifaceted Exploration of Public Awareness, Government Perspectives, and Community Attitudes Toward HIV
Authors: Zubair Akmal , Munir Rizwan , Ali Muhammad 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimsThe purpose of this research is to quantify the knowledge of students about HIV, social media contribution, and their satisfaction with the government and society's acceptance of HIV patients.MethodologyA cross‐sectional survey of 579 participants was conducted at Punjab University, University of Peshawar, Karachi University, Baluchistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences University, and Quaid‐i‐Azam University. Student self‐administered surveys included demographics, knowledge, government satisfaction, social media rumors, and PLWHA acceptability.ResultThe response rate was 96.5%. The four variables are knowledge, government satisfaction, social media rumors, and HIV patient acceptance. The knowledge score in married males (Beta = –0.075) and married females (Beta = –0.022), government satisfaction in married males (Beta = 0.087) and females (–0.412), social media rumors in married males (Beta = –0.125) and married female (Beta = –0.301, and HIV acceptance in society married male –0.301 and married female 0.07. the knowledge and government satisfaction, score showed that males had higher knowledge about HIV than married females. Married women say HIV acceptability in society is strong, whereas men believe social media spreads less misinformation. Similarly, there is a negative correlation between government satisfaction social media rumors (–0.687**) and HIV acceptance in society (–0.687**). HIV acceptance has a strong correlation with knowledge (0.711**) and social media rumors (0.727**). The p < 0.001 indicates that there is a significant correlation.ConclusionSufficient knowledge and the positive role of social media, effective government contributions to eradicate HIV, and more awareness and knowledge can significantly change the attitude of the community toward PLWHA.
Achievements and Challenges in the Development of a Nurse‐Led Respectful Delivery Care Model Provided by Partners in Health in Rural Mexico
Authors: Nigenda Gustavo , Montaño Mariana , Aranda Zeus , Aristizabal Patricia , Ortiz Fabiola , Ortega Soraya , Juárez Ameyalli , Macías Valeria , Zárate‐Grajales Rosa Amarilis , Flores Hugo 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe model of obstetric care predominant in Mexico in most public and private healthcare institutions is particularly focused on a physiological perspective of the female body that does not respond to women's need for emotional comfort and satisfaction. In the last decade, however, various initiatives that provide obstetric care centered on women's rights have emerged.ObjectiveTo analyze the implementation of a model of humanized/respectful delivery care supervised by nursing and midwifery undergraduate interns in a birthing center in the state of Chiapas, in order to identify achievements and future challenges.MethodsWe used information from secondary sources and carried out a descriptive analysis.FindingsBirths attended at the birthing center increased in relation to all the births registered in the Angel Albino Corzo municipality between 2017 and 2022. Positive indicators of respectful care increased with the implemented model, while negative indicators decreased. Between 2016 and 2022, obstetric nurses attended more than 1500 births without maternal deaths and managed some emergency cases referred to specialized care.ConclusionsThis case illustrates the potential of alternative models of obstetric care. Evidence‐based, midwife‐ and nurse‐led models of clinical obstetric care should be expanded in the Mexican healthcare system.
Health‐Related Experiences of Transgender and Gender‐Diverse Coloradans: A Scoping Review of the Literature
Authors: Velasco Roque Anthony F. , Rael Christine Tagliaferri , Stonbraker Samantha , Iriarte Evelyn , Anderson Avery M. , Nuñez Anthony , Golden Melissa , Sun Christina J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundExtant literature on transgender and gender‐diverse (TGD) people living in the United States is centered on bicoastal metropolitan cities. Little is known about the health status and health‐related barriers among TGD people living in the middle of the country. Minority Stress Theory (MST) provides a framework for understanding how TGD people experience stressors that shape their health‐related experiences.PurposeTo describe health‐related experiences of TGD people living in Colorado using the MST framework.MethodThe scoping review was limited to peer‐reviewed, English‐language studies published between January 2018 and November 2023. Data abstraction and synthesis were performed using Thomas and Harden's approach to thematic synthesis.ResultsTwenty‐one articles were included in the review. Seventeen (80.9%) articles were quantitative studies, two (9.5%) were qualitative, and two (9.5%) were mixed methods. Most of the participants were transfeminine and 18 years old or younger. Three themes emerged (1) TGD Coloradans experience multiple health‐related stressors, (2) these stressors contribute to poor health outcomes, and (3) overcome with coping strategies and/or social support.ConclusionTGD Coloradans experience multiple stressors related to their TGD identity that shape their health‐related experiences. Nurses play a critical role in intervening in these stressors and addressing care disparities.
Dynamic self‐control preferences and the behavior of the saving rate
Authors: Alonso‐Carrera Jaime , Bouché Stéphane 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe characterize the dynamics of the saving rate in an exogenous growth model where consumers exhibit present‐biased preferences. Based on empirical evidence, we assume that consumers are subject to temptation and exhibit a preference for costly self‐control. Moreover, we propose the intensity of these phenomena to depend on aggregate wealth. We show that in economies where consumers are present‐biased, the saving rate follows a hump‐shaped pattern after an exogenous destruction of the capital stock. The present‐bias effect on the intertemporal consumption choice counteracts the standard effect from decreasing returns to capital. After a large destruction of capital, the temptation effect can dominate in the first periods of the adjustment process. By calibrating the model, we obtain a very good fit between our simulations and data concerning the saving rate, the growth rate, and the speed of convergence from the European recovery after World War II.