bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Performance and Control Analysis of a Supercritical CO2 Recuperated Cycle
Authors: Tucker Swatara , Maccarini Simone , Mantelli Luca , Traverso Alberto 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Supercritical CO2 (sCO2) power cycles represent a promising technology for driving the energy transition. In fact, various research projects around the world are currently studying the possible applications of this technology, which is characterized by high efficiency, competitive costs, compact machinery, and enhanced flexibility with respect to competing systems, such as steam-based power cycles. Within this context, the European Union (EU)-funded SOLARSCO2OL project aims to build a MW-scale sCO2 pilot facility coupled with a concentrated solar power (CSP) plant. A transient model of the demonstration plant was previously developed in the transeo simulation tool by the Thermochemical Power Group (TPG) of University of Genoa to study the operational envelope of the cycle. In the present work, the model is upgraded to take into account all the relevant fluid-dynamic and thermodynamic phenomena affecting the transient behavior of the plant. In particular, a detailed crossflow sCO2–air cooler model is now included, which is crucial for assessing the compressor inlet temperature (CIT) behavior and controllability. The system has to comply with several constraints, such as compressor surge margin, turbomachinery inlet temperatures, and compressor inlet pressure (CIP). The desired net power output should also be guaranteed. The dynamic responses of the system to step variations in various input variables were recorded and used to design and tune the main operational controls. The input variables considered include: (1) compressor rotational speed, (2) anti-surge valve (ASV) fractional opening, (3) mass flowrate of air through the cooler, (4) mass flowrate of the molten salts through the heater, and (5) CO2 inventory for injection and extraction of working fluid. The implemented control structure includes proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controllers, feedforward action, and their combinations. The controllers are tuned using a mix of established methods, such as Cohen–Coon response-based PID tuning and adjustments from feedforward controls. The feedforward controls were designed taking into account the steady-state values from off-design simulations, as well as the interactions between each controller and the other controlled variables. The final control setup is tested on various power ramps to assess the capability of the prototype cycle in load following and disturbance rejection, showing very good performance in set-point tracking.
Human and hamster sera correlate well in identifying antigenic drift among SARS-CoV-2 variants, including JN.1
Authors: Wang Wei , Bhushan Gitanjali , Paz Stephanie , Stauft Charles B. , Selvaraj Prabhuanand , Goguet Emilie , Bishop-Lilly Kimberly A. , Subramanian Rahul , Vassell Russell , Lusvarghi Sabrina , Cong Yu , Agan Brian , Richard Stephanie A. , Epsi Nusrat J. , Fries Anthony , Fung Christian K. , Conte Matthew A. , Holbrook Michael R. , Wang Tony T. , Burgess Timothy H. , Pollett Simon D. , Mitre Edward , Katzelnick Leah C. , Weiss Carol D. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Antigenic assessments of SARS-CoV-2 variants inform decisions to update COVID-19 vaccines. Primary infection sera are often used for assessments, but such sera are rare due to population immunity from SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 vaccinations. Here, we show that neutralization titers and breadth of matched human and hamster pre-Omicron variant primary infection sera correlate well and generate similar antigenic maps. The hamster antigenic map shows modest antigenic drift among XBB sub-lineage variants, with JN.1 and BA.4/BA.5 variants within the XBB cluster, but with fivefold to sixfold antigenic differences between these variants and XBB.1.5. Compared to sera following only ancestral or bivalent COVID-19 vaccinations, or with post-vaccination infections, XBB.1.5 booster sera had the broadest neutralization against XBB sub-lineage variants, although a fivefold titer difference was still observed between JN.1 and XBB.1.5 variants. These findings suggest that antibody coverage of antigenically divergent JN.1 could be improved with a matched vaccine antigen.

IMPORTANCE
Updates to COVID-19 vaccine antigens depend on assessing how much vaccine antigens differ antigenically from newer SARS-CoV-2 variants. Human sera from single variant infections are ideal for discriminating antigenic differences among variants, but such primary infection sera are now rare due to high population immunity. It remains unclear whether sera from experimentally infected animals could substitute for human sera for antigenic assessments. This report shows that neutralization titers of variant-matched human and hamster primary infection sera correlate well and recognize variants similarly, indicating that hamster sera can be a proxy for human sera for antigenic assessments. We further show that human sera following an XBB.1.5 booster vaccine broadly neutralized XBB sub-lineage variants but titers were fivefold lower against the more recent JN.1 variant. These findings support updating the current COVID-19 vaccine variant composition and developing a framework for assessing antigenic differences in future variants using hamster primary infection sera.
InSeq analysis of defined
Legionella pneumophila
libraries identifies a transporter-encoding gene cluster important for intracellular replication in mammalian hosts
Authors: Moss Caitlin E. , Roy Craig R. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Legionella pneumophila
is an intracellular bacterial pathogen that replicates inside human alveolar macrophages to cause a severe pneumonia known as Legionnaires’ disease.
L. pneumophila
requires the Dot/Icm Type IV secretion system to deliver hundreds of bacterial proteins to the host cytosol that manipulate cellular processes to establish a protected compartment for bacterial replication known as the
Legionella-
containing vacuole. To better understand mechanisms apart from the Dot/Icm system that support survival and replication in this vacuole, we used transposon insertion sequencing in combination with defined mutant sublibraries to identify
L. pneumophila
fitness determinants in primary mouse macrophages and the mouse lung. This approach validated that many previously identified genes important for intracellular replication were critical for infection of a mammalian host. Further, the screens uncovered additional genes contributing to
L. pneumophila
replication in mammalian infection models. This included a cluster of seven genes in which insertion mutations resulted in
L. pneumophila
fitness defects in mammalian hosts. Generation of isogenic deletion mutants and genetic complementation studies verified the importance of genes within this locus for infection of mammalian cells. Genes in this cluster are predicted to encode nucleotide-modifying enzymes, a protein of unknown function, and an atypical ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter with significant homology to multidrug efflux pumps that has been named Lit
,
for
Legionella
infectivity transporter. Overall, these data provide a comprehensive overview of the bacterial processes that support
L. pneumophila
replication in a mammalian host and offer insight into the unique challenges posed by the intravacuolar environment.

IMPORTANCE

Intracellular bacteria employ diverse mechanisms to survive and replicate inside the inhospitable environment of host cells.
Legionella pneumophila
is an opportunistic human pathogen and a model system for studying intracellular host–pathogen interactions. Transposon sequencing is an invaluable tool for identifying bacterial genes contributing to infection, but current animal models for
L. pneumophila
are suboptimal for conventional screens using saturated mutant libraries. This study employed a series of defined transposon mutant libraries to identify determinants of
L. pneumophila
fitness in mammalian hosts, which include a newly identified bacterial transporter called Lit. Understanding the requirements for survival and replication inside host cells informs us about the environment bacteria encounter during infection and the mechanisms they employ to make this environment habitable. Such knowledge will be key to addressing future challenges in treating infections caused by intracellular bacteria.
Pulmonary fibrosis followed by severe pneumonia in patients with COVID-19 infection requiring mechanical ventilation: a prospective multicentre study
Authors: Kim Junghyun , Chae Ganghee , Kim Won-Young , Chung Chi-Ryang , Cho Young‑Jae , Lee Jinwoo , Jegal Yangjin , Joh Joon-Sung , Park Tae Yun , Hwang Jung Hwa , Nam Bo Da , Yoon Hee-Young , Song Jin Woo 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundsThe management of lung complications, especially fibrosis, after COVID-19 pneumonia, is an important issue in the COVID-19 post-pandemic era. We aimed to investigate risk factors for pulmonary fibrosis development in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.MethodsClinical and radiological data were prospectively collected from 64 patients who required mechanical ventilation due to COVID-19 pneumonia and were enrolled from eight hospitals in South Korea. Fibrotic changes on chest CT were evaluated by visual assessment, and extent of fibrosis (mixed disease score) was measured using automatic quantification system.Results64 patients were enrolled, and their mean age was 58.2 years (64.1% were males). On chest CT (median interval: 60 days [IQR; 41–78 days] from enrolment), 35 (54.7%) patients showed ≥3 fibrotic lesions. The most frequent fibrotic change was traction bronchiectasis (47 patients, 73.4 %). Median extent of fibrosis measured by automatic quantification was 10.6% (IQR, 3.8–40.7%). In a multivariable Cox proportional hazard model, which included nine variables with a p value of <0.10 in an unadjusted analysis as well as age, sex and Body Mass Index, male sex (HR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.27 to 7.11) and higher initial Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.37) were independently associated with pulmonary fibrosis (≥3 fibrotic lesions).ConclusionOur data suggests that male gender and higher SOFA score at intensive care unit admission were associated with pulmonary fibrosis in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation.
UBTFhaploinsufficiency associated withUBTF-related global developmental delay and distinctive facial features without neuroregression
Authors: Wang Xueqian , Yang Bingyu , Wu Shengnan , Fan Qisang , Wang Qing , Zhang Dandan , Wang Hongying , Feng Tao , Lv Haitao , Chen Ting 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe Upstream Binding Transcription Factor (UBTF) gene encodes two nucleolar proteins, UBTF1 and UBTF2. UBTF1 regulates rRNA transcription by RNA polymerase I, while UBTF2 regulates mRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II. A recurrent de novo dominant mutation c.628G>A (p.Glu210Lys) has been identified as a gain-of-function mutation associated with childhood onset neurodegeneration with brain atrophy (CONDBA). Evidence from large-scale population databases andUbtf+/−mouse models indicates thatUBTFhaploinsufficiency is not tolerated.MethodsThree unrelated patients with global developmental delay and distinctive facial features were recruited for the study. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify potential genetic abnormalities. Additionally, copy number variation analysis was conducted based on the WES data.ResultsAll three patients exhibited intellectual disabilities, social challenges and developmental delays in language and gross motor skills. Distinctive facial features included a wide forehead, sparse eyebrows, hypertelorism, narrow palpebral fissures, single-fold eyelids, a flat nasal bridge, anteverted nares, a long philtrum and a thin upper lip. Additionally, patient C presented with more severe language delay, recurrent hepatic dysfunction and an atrial septal defect. Patient A was found to have a nonsense variant, c.1327C>T (p.R443Ter), in the exon 13 ofUBTF. Patients B and C both carried a heterozygous deletion encompassing theUBTFgene.ConclusionIn this study, we analysed the detailed phenotypes associated withUBTFhaploinsufficiency, which, to our knowledge, have not been previously reported. We propose thatUBTFhaploinsufficiency-related global developmental delay and distinctive facial features, without neuroregression, constitute a new syndrome distinct from CONDBA.
K acetyltransferase 2B (KAT2B) variants can be responsible for early onset steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Niel Olivier , Caliment Ancuta , Hougardy Charlotte , Monestier Olivier , Dahan Karin 
Published: October 2024

In children, 15% of nephrotic syndromes are steroid-resistant (SRNS); approximately 30% of early onset SRNS have a genetic origin, with more than 100 causal genes described so far. SRNS can be syndromic, if associated with signs and symptoms affecting other organs or systems, such as the central nervous system, the heart or the eyes. Patients with SRNS are at high risk of chronic kidney disease and progressive renal failure, and as such need multidisciplinary care, centred on renal protection. Recently, K acetyltransferase 2B (KAT2B) loss of function was identified as a risk factor for morphological and functional defects in Drosophila nephrocytes; in vitro knockdown ofKAT2Balso impaired the adhesion and migration ability of human podocytes.Here we provide the first clinical description of a family affected by a loss of function mutation ofKAT2B. Clinically, both siblings presented with early onset SRNS and bilateral cataract, without neurological or heart defects. Renal function was maintained in the teenage years; nephrotic-range proteinuria was insensitive to immunosuppressive therapies. Therefore, mutations ofKAT2Bshould be sought in patients with unexplained syndromic SRNS affecting the eye.
Mapping of fluid venting and attenuation of hydrate bearing sediments from offshore Oregon
Authors: Yelisetti Subbarao , Ghosal Dibakar , Perkins Lenore , Hyndman Roy D. 
Published: October 2024

In this article we present regional high-resolution multichannel seismic reflections surveys of the accretionary sedimentary prism off the coast of Oregon where there are strong gas hydrate-associated bottom simulating reflectors (BSRs), and indications of gas and fluid venting from the seafloor. The new data from RR1718 survey conducted in 2017 as part of a chief scientist training cruise complement previous large airgun deeper-penetration reflection surveys and International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) seafloor drilling, which were mainly in the area of the mid-slope anticline, Hydrate Ridge. The BSRs are at depths of 120–310 ms (102–264 m) below the seafloor with the regional depths controlled by the landward decreasing heat flow, and shallower water depths. In some areas there are double BSRs interpreted to result from the thermal perturbation and sea level depth changes from transient uplift. Below the BSR there is frequent local brightening of the sediment stratigraphy reflectors by free gas. There are indications of fluid and methane gas venting from the seafloor that locally perturb the local thermal regime and the resulting BSR depth, and of seafloor carbonate caps. The lateral variation in amplitudes of the seafloor and BSR has been mapped in spectral decomposed iso-frequency sections. Attenuation estimates for the BSRs using peak frequency analysis indicate quality factors (inverse of attenuation) as low as 17 for a BSR below the anticline of Hydrate Ridge. The high attenuation is interpreted to be a consequence of a thick free gas layer.
Long-Term Clinical Outcomes Following the WATCHMAN Device Use in Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Zeitler Emily P. , Bian Boyang , Griffiths Robert I. , Allocco Dominic J. , Christen Thomas , Roy Kristine , Cohen David J. , Reynolds Matthew R. 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
Long-term outcomes following left atrial appendage occlusion outside clinical trials and small registries are largely unknown. Collecting these data was a condition of US market authorization of the WATCHMAN device. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the rates of stroke, bleeding, and death among Medicare beneficiaries following left atrial appendage occlusion implantation during initial commercial availability of the WATCHMAN left atrial appendage occlusion device overall and in important subgroups.

METHODS:

All Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries ≥65 years of age who underwent left atrial appendage occlusion from April 1, 2016, to August 31, 2020, were included based on the
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision
, and Current Procedural Terminology codes. Over a 5-year follow-up period, the cumulative incidence over time of mortality, ischemic stroke, and major bleeding were calculated using the
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision
, diagnosis codes for the full study cohort and within important prespecified subgroups.

RESULTS:

WATCHMAN recipients (n=48 763) were a median of 77 (interquartile range, 72–82) years of age, 42% female, and mostly White (93%). The median CHA
2
DS
2
VASc score was 4 (interquartile range, 3–5) with prior major bleeding in 42% and prior stroke in 12%. At 5 years, death occurred in 44%, bleeding in 15% (with higher risk early following implantation), and ischemic stroke in 7%. Each of these end points was more common with greater baseline age. Male patients had greater 5-year mortality than female patients (46.9% versus 40.6%), but there was no difference between sexes in the rates of ischemic stroke (6.6% versus 7.5%) or major bleeding (14.9% for both). WATCHMAN recipients with prior ischemic stroke or a major bleeding event were older and frailer; these groups had higher rates of ischemic stroke, major bleeding, and death.

CONCLUSIONS:
Compared with patients enrolled in the pivotal clinical trials, Medicare beneficiaries undergoing WATCHMAN implantation were older, more female, and had more comorbid conditions. Substantial long-term mortality and major bleeding following WATCHMAN reflect the high-risk nature of the patient population, while the ischemic stroke rate was relatively low (<1.5% per year).
The Intersection of Place and Game Design: The Case of Two Classic African Board Games
Authors: Bayeck Rebecca Y. , Bayeck Joseph M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The concept of game design is often associated with a computational creative task or a creation with technology. Automatically linking game design to computational activity or technology may have contributed to the scarce research on the interaction between place and game design. The focus on technology may have excluded indigenous games from game design conversation in the game design literature. This article explores design in the context of two classic African board games. We examine the influence of place on the design of these games. Building on game design and place literature, the article shows the situatedness of game design and it integrates the design of classic African board games into the larger conversation about game design. The article discusses the implications for game-based learning.
Value Deactivated: Waste as an Act of Sweeping
Authors: Kim Jeong Hye 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study challenges the conventional perception of waste as a discarded object devoid of use and aims to redefine its nature by dissociating it from the boundaries of value. To achieve this, the term sslgi (sweeping) is proposed to shift the focus of waste management from relegation to obsolescence to active disposition that retains latent value. This conceptual shift redefines “reuse” in design as the activation of the inherent value in objects. This research also explores the creation of novel materials, exemplified by the extraterrestrial material StarCrete, which is composed of dust, soil, and minimal organic additives, along with designers' use of new materials derived from limestone dust and material-driven speculative design that experiments with synthetic (plastic) and natural substances. These cases illuminate the inherent [re]usability of material entities that are ready for activation in multiple interconnected contexts. From this perspective, we can re-view the role of the designer as [re]assembling existing materials and negotiating various influencing factors. Ultimately, this research demonstrates that transcending the binary perceptions of value and worthlessness allows designers to approach [re]use beyond the confines of the production-consumption-disposal paradigms, thereby decoupling objects from the deterministic use values imposed on them.
Revisiting Metaphor as an Analytical Tool for Design Research
Authors: Himaki Elif Sen , Celikoglu Ozge Merzali , Krippendorff Klaus 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Metaphor has long been a topic of investigation in scholarly design research. Studies across various design contexts have demonstrated the value of deliberately exploring and using metaphors to facilitate different phases of the design process. However, the analytical potential of metaphors has often been overshadowed by their generative use, leaving their significance in the research phase of the design process relatively unexplored. This article aims to broaden our understanding of the role metaphors can play in design, delving into the analytical role of metaphors in human-centered design research, particularly focusing on the insights that users' and other stakeholders' metaphors can offer. We present the rationale for adopting metaphor analysis as a method for design research, drawing on conceptual metaphor theory and evidence from analogous research studies. Acknowledging the natural creativity in language use of ordinary people, we argue for the potential this inherent creativity holds for user research and co-creativity settings. We discuss the value of attending to the metaphors in design research, introduce relevant concepts from linguistic metaphor analysis, and demonstrate their practical application on designers' use of user metaphors. We address the advantages and challenges of adopting metaphor analysis as a method for design research and provide recommendations for designers seeking to instrumentalize metaphors in their design processes.
Video as World Mandala: The Role of Nakajima Kō’s Animaker and Aniputer in Defining a Cosmic Vision of Video
Authors: Horisaki-Christens Nina 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Early video processing tools present a compelling perspective through which to reconsider the integrated practice of Tokyo-based early video artist Nakajima Kō. The author examines Nakajima’s practice through his concepts of animation, the development of his Animaker (1979) and Aniputer (1982), and his perspective on how video connects to Esoteric Buddhist thought. Concluding with Kō’s 1986 video Mt. Fuji, the author illustrates how the work is representative of the hybrid, analog-digital view of video that leads Nakajima to posit video as a cosmic medium circa 1986.