bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AFAP1‐AS1 is upregulated and promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis
Authors: Luo Hong‐lei , Huang Ming‐de , Guo Jia‐ni , Fan Rui‐hua , Xia Xiao‐tian , He Jing‐dong , Chen Xiao‐fei 
Published: August 2016

AbstractRecent findings indicate that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were dysregulated in many kinds of tumors including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). LncRNA AFAP1‐AS1 was found to be upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), lung cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, while its clinical value and potential function in ESCC are still unknown. Expression of AFAP1‐AS1 was measured in 65 ESCC tissues and corresponding noncancerous tissues by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, which revealed that AFAP1‐AS1 expression was markedly elevated in ESCC tissues and significantly associated with advanced TNM stage (P = 0.004) and larger tumor size (P = 0.040). Moreover, by knocking down AFAP1‐AS1 expression in ESCC cells, the proliferation and colony‐forming ability were inhibited and cell apoptosis was induced. Our data indicated the first time that AFAP1‐AS1, a novel oncogene, was remarkably upregulated and played a critical role in the progression of ESCC.
Advanced Catalytic and Electrocatalytic Performances of Polydopamine‐Functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide‐Palladium Nanocomposites
Authors: Fu Li , Lai Guosong , Zhu Deming , Jia Baohua , Malherbe Francois , Yu Aimin 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA polydopamine‐functionalized reduced graphene oxide (PDA‐RGO)/Pd nanocomposite was synthesized by a simple wet chemical approach at room temperature. Graphene oxide (GO) was first modified with PDA by the self‐polymerization of dopamine (DA) followed by the deposition of Pd nanoparticles. UV/Vis and FTIR spectroscopies confirmed the reduction of GO to RGO during the self‐polymerization of DA. SEM images revealed that Pd nanoclusters were formed on both sides of the PDA‐RGO sheets. The as‐prepared PDA‐RGO/Pd nanocomposites exhibited excellent catalytic activity in the chemical degradation of methylene blue with a reaction rate constant of 0.6028 min−1, which was 2.5‐fold faster than that of the PDA/Pd catalyst without RGO. Moreover, the PDA‐RGO/Pd nanocomposite also showed an outstanding electrocatalytic activity towards the electro‐oxidation of paracetamol. The current response had a linear relationship to the concentration of paracetamol in the range of 0.28–100 μm with a low detection limit of 0.087 μm (S/N=3). In addition, the sensor also exhibited good selectivity for the detection of paracetamol.
Electrochemical Characterisation of Platinum Nanoparticles Prepared in a Water‐in‐Oil Microemulsion in the Presence of Different Modifiers and Metal Precursors
Authors: Martínez‐Rodríguez Roberto A. , Vidal‐Iglesias Francisco J. , Solla‐ Gullón José , Cabrera Carlos R. , Feliu Juan M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn this work, water‐in‐oil microemulsions are used in the presence of various modifiers and metal precursors to obtain preferentially oriented Pt nanoparticles. Preferentially oriented cubic nanoparticles, enriched in (100) sites, are prepared using specific concentrations of HCl, HBr, H2SO4 and H3PO4. By contrast, the use of citric and oxalic acids increases the amount of (111) sites, albeit not significantly. Nanoparticles are electrochemically characterised by hydrogen and Ge adsorption/desorption processes, as well as CO stripping. Finally, the electrocatalytic activity of the nanoparticles having the highest percentage of (100) sites is evaluated for ammonia oxidation, confirming the electrochemical characterisation results. The results obtained indicate that, 15 % HCl‐modified Pt nanoparticles synthesised using K2PtCl4 as metal precursor displayed the highest amount of (100) sites (46.7 %), and gave the highest peak current density for ammonia oxidation, around fivefold that of polyoriented Pt.
Populationsbilanzmodellierung mit einem Mehrphasen‐CFD‐Code und vergleichende Visualisierung
Authors: Hlawitschka Mark W. , Schäfer Jan , Hummel Mathias , Garth Christoph , Bart Hans‐Jörg 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDurch die Implementierung verschiedener Populationsbilanzmodelle wird das Euler‐Euler Mehrphasenmodell multiphaseEulerFoam erweitert, um die Veränderung einer dispersen Phase bezogen auf die Partikelgröße zu erfassen. Die verwendeten Modelle werden untereinander sowie mit experimentellen Daten verglichen. Zur Visualisierung wird ein neuer Ansatz entwickelt, der es ermöglicht, neben der Blasengröße, die Blasenform basierend auf der Eötvös‐ und Reynolds‐Zahl sowie deren Aufenthaltswahrscheinlichkeit (Position) und Anzahl akkurat darzustellen und der damit den Vergleich zwischen Simulation und Experiment vereinfacht.
Increased alpha‐amylase response to an acute psychosocial stress challenge in healthy adults with childhood adversity
Authors: Kuras Yuliya I. , McInnis Christine M. , Thoma Myriam V. , Chen Xuejie , Hanlin Luke , Gianferante Danielle , Rohleder Nicolas 
Published: August 2016

AbstractChildhood adversity is highly prevalent and linked to lasting psychological and physiological consequences. A potential mechanism for negative health outcomes is altered stress reactivity. While previous research has addressed associations of childhood adversity with stress system reactivity, sympathetic nervous system (SNS) stress reactivity is understudied. We therefore set out here to examining salivary alpha‐amylase (sAA) reactivity in relation with childhood adversity. Forty‐one healthy adult subjects (n = 24 male; n = 17 female) aged 18–34 years underwent the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) and completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Saliva for measurement of sAA was collected at three time points; before the TSST, immediately after, and 10 min post‐TSST. We found that those with childhood trauma had a higher overall sAA response to the TSST, as seen in a repeated measures ANOVA (CTQ by time interaction: F(1.8,71.5) = 6.46, p = .01) and an independent samples t‐test indicating higher sAA baseline to peak response (t = 3.22, p = .003). There was also a positive correlation between sAA reactivity and the CTQ subscales of childhood physical abuse (r = .46, p = .005) and emotional abuse (r = .37, p = .024). Healthy adults with low‐to‐moderate childhood adversity had a heightened sAA response immediately following the stressor. Higher SNS reactivity could be a link to negative health outcomes in adults with early adversity. Future research should address whether altered sAA reactivity is predictive of negative health outcomes in those with childhood adversity.
Life and death of Picea abies after bark‐beetle outbreak: ecological processes driving seedling recruitment
Authors: Macek Martin , Wild Jan , Kopecký Martin , Červenka Jaroslav , Svoboda Miroslav , Zenáhlíková Jitka , Brůna Josef , Mosandl Reinhard , Fischer Anton 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe severity and spatial extent of bark‐beetle outbreaks substantially increased in recent decades worldwide. The ongoing controversy about natural forest recovery after these outbreaks highlights the need for individual‐based long‐term studies, which disentangle processes driving forest regeneration. However, such studies have been lacking. To fill this gap, we followed the fates of 2,552 individual seedlings for 12 years after a large‐scale bark‐beetle outbreak that caused complete canopy dieback in mountain Norway spruce (Picea abies) forests in southeast Germany. We explore the contribution of advance, disturbance‐related, and post‐disturbance regeneration to forest recovery. Most seedlings originated directly within the three‐year dieback of canopy trees induced by bark‐beetle outbreak. After complete canopy dieback, the establishment of new seedlings was minimal. Surprisingly, advance regeneration formed only a minor part of all regeneration. However, because it had the highest survival rate, its importance increased over time. The most important factor influencing the survival of seedlings after disturbance was their height. Survival was further modified by microsite: seedlings established on dead wood survived best, whereas almost all seedlings surrounded by graminoids died. For 5 cm tall seedlings, annual mortality ranged from 20 to 50% according to the rooting microsite. However, for seedlings taller than 50 cm, annual mortality was below 5% at all microsites. While microsite modified seedling mortality, it did not affect seedling height growth. A model of regeneration dynamics based on short‐term observations accurately predicts regeneration height growth, but substantially underestimates mortality rate, thus predicting more surviving seedlings than were observed. We found that P. abies forests were able to regenerate naturally even after severe bark‐beetle outbreaks owing to advance and particularly disturbance‐related regeneration. This, together with microsite‐specific mortality, yields structurally and spatially diverse forests. Our study thus highlights the so far unrecognized importance of disturbance‐related regeneration for stand recovery after bark‐beetle outbreaks.
Compatibility between Lithium Bis(oxalate)borate‐Based Electrolytes and a LiFe0.6Mn0.4PO4/C Cathode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhao Qiuping , Li Xiangfei , Tang Fengjuan , Zhao Dongni , Du Songli , Geng Shan , Tian Yuqin , Li Shiyou 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe lithium transition‐metal phosphate LiFe0.6Mn0.4PO4 has two operating potentials, 3.5 V and 4.1 V, which is favorable for increasing the energy and power densities of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). To study the compatibility between LiFe0.6Mn0.4PO4 and electrolytes, lithium bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB) is chosen as the lithium salt, based upon ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and dimethyl sulfite (DMS) as the supporting electrolyte solvents. The electrochemical performances of lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6)‐based and LiBOB‐based electrolytes are compared. The combination of LiBOB and DMS can facilitate the formation of an effective passivation film. In addition, LiBOB‐EC/DMS electrolyte exhibits better cycle and rate performance. The results suggest that LiBOB‐EC/DMS electrolyte has good compatibility with LiFe0.6Mn0.4PO4, which makes it an attractive electrolyte for rechargeable LIBs based upon LiFe0.6Mn0.4PO4 cathodes.
Isolation and characterization of surface‐active fractions responsible for foam formation during anaerobic digestion of municipal wastes
Authors: Pognani Michele , Scaglia Barbara , D'imporzano Giuliana , Adani Fabrizio 
Published: August 2016

A simple and rapid method to isolate surfactant‐like fractions responsible for foaming production during anaerobic digestion (AD) is proposed. Alkaline extraction of organic matter and subsequent fractionation of extracts into alkali‐soluble/acid‐insoluble (humic acid, HA) and alkali‐soluble/acid‐soluble fractions (fulvic acid, FA) were performed on samples directly taken from a full‐scale plant operating anaerobic digestion. Lab‐tests performed to measure foaming ability of the isolated organic fractions, allowed the separation of the fraction responsible for foam production, fulvic acid. Fraction isolation and subsequent chemical characterization revealed its specific chemical nature, i.e. high hydrophobicity, due to low carboxylic group content, and the presence of high N‐containing molecules. These characteristics agreed with those reported in the literature for molecules responsible for foam formation during anaerobic digestion, confirming the ability of this simple fractionation procedure to isolate the fraction responsible for foam formation.Foam formation during anaerobic digestion (AD) represents a problem for AD plants, reducing process efficiency, and increasing operational costs.The proposal of a simple and rapid procedure to isolate the fraction responsible for foam production is useful because it allows better characterizing this fraction from a chemical point of view. Knowledge of the chemical nature of the foaming agent is an important factor contributing towards developing successful antifoaming strategies. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 36: 359–365, 2017
Seismic performance assessment of a hybrid coupled wall system with replaceable steel coupling beams versus traditional RC coupling beams
Authors: Ji Xiaodong , Liu Dan , Sun Ya , Molina Hutt Carlos 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThis study assesses the seismic performance of a hybrid coupled wall (HCW) system with replaceable steel coupling beams (RSCBs) at four intensities of ground motion shaking. The performance of the HCW system is benchmarked against the traditional reinforced concrete coupled wall (RCW). Nonlinear numerical models are developed in OpenSees for a representative wall elevation in a prototype 11‐story building designed per modern Chinese codes. Performance is assessed via nonlinear dynamic analysis. The results indicate that both systems can adequately meet code defined objectives in terms of global and component behavior. Behavior of the two systems is consistent under service level earthquakes, whereas under more extreme events, the HCW system illustrates enhanced performance over the RCW system resulting in peak interstory drifts up to 31% lower in the HCW than the RCW. Larger drifts in the RCW are because of reduced coupling action induced by stiffness degradation of RC coupling beams, whereas the stable hysteretic responses and overstrength of RSCBs benefit post‐yield behavior of the HCW. Under extreme events, the maximum beam rotations of the RSCBs are up to 42% smaller than those of the RC coupling beams. Moderate to severe damage is expected in the RC coupling beams, whereas the RSCBs sustain damage to the slab above the beam and possible web buckling of shear links. The assessment illustrates the benefits of the HCW with RSCBs over the RCW system, because of easy replacement of the shear links as opposed to costly and time‐consuming repairs of RC coupling beams. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Food Addiction and Bulimia Nervosa: New Data Based on the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0
Authors: de Vries Sarah‐Kristin , Meule Adrian 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPrevious research on ‘food addiction’ as measured with the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) showed a large overlap between addiction‐like eating and bulimia nervosa. Most recently, a revised version of the YFAS has been developed according to the changes made in the diagnostic criteria for substance use disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fifth edition. The current study examined prevalence and correlates of the YFAS2.0 in individuals with bulimia (n = 115) and controls (n = 341). Ninety‐six per cent of participants with bulimia and 14% of controls received a YFAS2.0 diagnosis. A higher number of YFAS2.0 symptoms was associated with lower interoceptive awareness, higher depressiveness, and higher impulsivity in both groups. However, a higher number of YFAS2.0 symptoms was associated with higher body mass and weight suppression in controls only and not in participants with bulimia. The current study is the first to show a large overlap between bulimia and ‘food addiction’ as measured with the YFAS2.0, replicating and extending findings from studies, which used the previous version of the YFAS. Compensatory weight control behaviours in individuals with bulimia likely alleviate the association between addiction‐like eating and higher body mass. Thus, the large overlap between bulimia and ‘food addiction’ should be taken into consideration when examining the role of addiction‐like eating in weight gain and obesity. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Burning down the silos: integrating new perspectives from the social sciences into human behavior in fire research
Authors: Kuligowski Erica 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThe traditional social science disciplines can provide many benefits to the field of human behavior in fire (HBiF). First, the social sciences delve further into insights only marginally examined by HBiF researchers, in turn, expanding the depth of HBiF research. In this paper, I present examples of studies from the fields of social psychology and sociology that would expand HBiF research into non‐engineering or ‘unobservable’ aspects of behavior during a fire event. Second, the social sciences can provide insight into new areas of research; in turn, expanding the scope of HBiF research. In this section, I introduce pre and post‐fire studies and explore potential research questions that fall outside of the response period of a fire, the phase upon which, most focus is currently placed. Third, the social sciences elucidate the value of research methods available to study human behavior. Qualitative research methods are specifically highlighted. These three benefits will allow HBiF researchers to collect a wider range of data, further develop and expand current behavioral knowledge, and increase the impact of this research for both social and engineering applications. Finally, I end with a discussion on possible ways to better integrate the social sciences within human behavior in fire. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
High School Physical Education Requirements and Youth Body Weight: New Evidence from the YRBS
Authors: Sabia Joseph J. , Nguyen Thanh Tam , Rosenberg Oren 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPrevious research has found that high school physical education (PE) requirements are largely ineffective at reducing youth body weight. However, these studies were forced to rely on cross‐state variation in PE requirements to identify their impacts, raising concerns that estimated policy effects may be confounded by state‐level unobservables. Using data from the State and National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys and exploiting recent changes in state high school PE laws, we re‐examine the effect of PE requirements on body weight. Our estimates show that a one‐semester increase in PE requirements is associated with a 10 to 13% increase in minutes per week spent physically active in PE classes, but with no change in net vigorous exercise and little change in youth body weight. We conclude that substitution of in‐school for outside‐of‐school physical activity and small resultant net energy expenditures can explain the absence of body weight effects. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using Harry Potter to Bridge Higher Dimensionality in Mathematics and High‐Interest Literature
Authors: Boerman‐Cornell William , Klanderman David , Schut Alexa 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe Harry Potter series is a favorite for out‐of‐school reading and has been used in school, largely as an object of study in language arts. Using a content analysis to highlight the ways in which J.K. Rowling's work could be used to teach higher dimensionality in math, the authors argues that the content is sufficient in such books to engage the interest of students who may be negatively predisposed toward mathematics but are very enthusiastic about Harry Potter books, and vice versa. The article illustrates and explains three‐dimensional objects in two‐dimensional space, pocket dimensions, three‐dimensional movement through two‐dimensional space, and higher dimensional movement through examples and descriptions from scenes in the Harry Potter series and suggests ways in which similar analyses could be performed on other high‐interest texts, helping students forge new insights about mathematics literacy.
Collection of hematopoietic CD34 stem cells in rhesus macaques using Spectra Optia
Authors: Haynes Lynn D. , Coonen Jennifer , Post Jennifer , Brunner Kevin , Bloom Debra , Hematti Peiman , Kaufman Dixon B. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundNonhuman primates, particularly rhesus macaques, are ideal preclinical large animal models to investigate organ tolerance induction protocols using donor hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to induce chimerism. Their relatively small size poses some challenges for the safe and effective collection of peripheral blood HSCs through apheresis procedures. We describe our experiences using the Spectra Optia apheresis unit to successfully obtain HSCs from mobilized peripheral blood of rhesus macaques.MethodMobilization of peripheral blood HSCs was induced using granulocyte stimulating factor (G‐CSF) and Mozobil. The Spectra Optia unit was used in 18 apheresis procedures in 13 animals (4.9–10 kg). Animal health was carefully monitored during and after the procedure. Changes in peripheral blood cells before, during and after procedure were determined by complete blood count and flow cytometry.ResultsThe automatic settings of the Spectra Optia unit were applied successfully to the procedures on the rhesus macaque. All animals tolerated the procedure well with no mortality. Mobilization of HSCs were most consistently achieved using 50 μg/kg of G‐CSF for 5 days and a single dose of Mozobil on the 5th day, followed by collection of cells 3 h after Mozobil injection. The final apheresis product contained an average of 23 billion total nucleated cells with 47% granulocytes, 3,871 million total CD3 cells and 77 million CD34 cells which resulted in an average of 10 million CD34+ cells/kg of donor weight.ConclusionApheresis of peripheral blood mobilized HSCs in rhesus macaques using Spectra Optia is a safe and effective procedure.
Pelvic function in anuran jumping: Interspecific differences in the kinematics and motor control of the iliosacral articulation during take‐off and landing
Authors: Reilly Steve M. , Montuelle Stephane J. , Schmidt Andre , Krause Cornelia , Naylor Emily , Jorgensen Michael E. , Essner Richard L. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTAlthough the anuran pelvis is thought to be adapted for jumping, the function of the iliosacral joint has seen little direct study. Previous work has contrasted the basal“lateral‐bender”pelvis from the“rod‐like”pelvis of crown taxa hypothesized to function as a sagittal hinge to align the trunk with take‐off forces. We compared iliosacral movements and pelvic motor patterns during jumping in the two pelvic types. Pelvic muscle activity patterns, iliosacral anteroposterior (AP) movements and sagittal bending of the pelvis during the take‐off and landing phases were quantified in lateral bender taxaAscaphus(Leiopelmatidae) andRhinella(Bufonidae) and the rod‐likeLithobates(Ranidae). All three species exhibit sagittal extension during take‐off, therefore, both pelvic types employ a sagittal hinge. However, trunk elevation occurs significantly earlier in the anuran rod‐like pelvis. Motor patterns confirm that thepiriformismuscles depress the urostyle while thelongissimus dorsimuscles elevate the trunk during take‐off. However, thecoccygeoiliacusmuscles also produce anterior translation of the sacrum on the ilia. A new model illustrates how AP translation facilitates trunk extension in the lateral‐bender anurans that have long been thought to have limited sagittal bending. During landing, AP translation patterns are similar because impact forces slide the sacrum from its posterior to anterior limits. Sagittal flexion during landing differs among the three taxa depending on the way the species land. AP translation during landing may dampen impact forces especially inRhinellain which pelvic function is tuned to forelimb‐landing dynamics. The flexibility of the lateral‐bender pelvis to function in sagittal bending and AP translation helps to explain the retention of this basal configuration in many anurans. The novel function of the rod‐like pelvis may be to increase the rate of trunk elevation relative to faster rates of energy release from the hindlimbs enabling them to jump farther. J. Morphol. 277:1539–1558, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.