bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implantable Collamer Lens to treat high myopia: efficiency and safety
Authors: Charpentier S. , Graber M. , Rambaud C. , Monin J. , Berguiga M. , Delbarre M. , Sendon D. , Marechal M. , Timsit A. , Froussart‐Maille F. 
Published: September 2016

PurposeTo report the efficiency and safety of Posterior Phakic Lens ICL (Implantable Collamer Lens), implantation for treating high myopia.MethodsThis retrospective observational monocentric study included 23 eyes of 12 patients who underwent consecutive V4 model ICL implantations between January the 1st 2015 and december 31th 2015. The lenses power were between 7.25 and 18.75 (D) Main outcomes mesures were uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuities, refraction for the evaluation of efficiency, endothelial cell count, intraocular pressure and pupillary diameter. Anatomical results were reported by anterior chamber OCT, biometrics and ICL vault.ResultsAt 3 months post operatively, uncorrected distance visual acuity improved from 0.05 to 0.9 ± 0.1 (Monoyer scale) (p < 0.001). The mean spherical equivalent decreased from – 9.4 ± 3.4 (D) to −0.6 ± 1.9 (D) after surgery. The mean post operative vault was 660 ± 280 μm. There was no significant difference in endothelial count (p = 0.06), intraocular pressure (p = 0.22), pupillary diameter (p = 0.10) and anterior chamber angle depth (p < 0.001) pre and post operatevely. Furthermore, 100% of patients were satisfied and would recommended ICL implantation, despite of 40% of them reported halos and night vision problems.ConclusionsThis study indicates that ICL implantation provides refraction safety and efficiency to treat high myopia ineligible for lasik. Patients have to be throughly selected and well informed of possible complications before surgery.
Management of unilateral retinoblastoma with buphthalmia
Authors: Angi M. , Lumbroso Le Rouic L. , Levy C. , Desjardins L. , Cassoux N. 
Published: September 2016

PurposeLocally advanced unilateral retinoblastoma (RB) not amenable to conservative treatments is treated with enucleation. Surgery is challenging in presence of buphthalmia, exophthalmia or severe periocular inflammation, carrying a risk for globe rupture with tumour dissemination. The aim of this study was to report the long‐term results of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT) in this setting.MethodsRetrospective case series of unilateral group E RB patients without extraocular disease receiving pre‐enucleation CT (etoposide‐carboplatin) in a single centre between 1999 and 2011. Clinical, radiological and histopathological data were collected. Outcome measures were: surgical complications, pathological risk factors (PRF) for metastatic dissemination, systemic side effects, metastatic dissemination, survival.Results21 patients, median age 9 months (range 1.5–48) were included: 16 with clinical buphthalmia, 2 with orbital inflammation and 3 with uncontrollable ocular hypertension. MRI confirmed the clinical findings and ruled out extraocular disease in all cases. Enucleation was performed after 1 course of neoadjuvant CT in 16/21 (77%), the remaining 5 patients needing two. No surgical complications occurred. Pathological examination showed complete resection in all cases. PRF for were present in 7/21 (33%) eyes. Irrespectively, all children completed a 4‐cycle CT regimen, as CT could mask PRF. Two children required hospitalisation for complicated aplasia, no other systemic side effects were reported. With a median follow‐up time of 8 years (range 4–12), no metastatic dissemination occurred. Survival is 100%.ConclusionsLocally advanced unilateral RB with buphthalmia can be successfully treated with neoadjuvant CT prior to enucleation to make the surgery safer.
Clinical and instrumental diagnostics in patients with orbital metastasis
Authors: Saakyan S. 
Published: September 2016

PurposeTo analyze the data of clinical and instrumental features of patients with metastatic lesions of the orbit.Methods26 patients (21 women and 5 men) with orbital metastasis aged from 42 to 84 years (mean – 57.3 ± 11.2) were examined and treated in our department in the period from 2009 to 2014. All patients underwent a complete clinical and instrumental examination including CT (MRI) and ultrasound. Metastatic orbital lesions were confirmed morphologically (23 patients) and cytologically (3 patients).ResultsA unilateral lesion of the orbit was found in 21 patients, bilateral – in 5 patients. 19 patients had a history of cancer before orbital symptoms appeared, in 3 patients – orbital symptoms preceded the identification of the primary tumor, in one patient – simultaneously with the primary focus (uveal melanoma with extraocular growth and metastasis to the contralateral orbit). According to CT and US data in 23 patients there were detected diffuse tissue with extraocular muscles involvement. The lesions mostly localized in the central and lower parts of the orbit (17 patients), rare – in the upper and outer (9 patients). Destructive changes in the orbital walls (by CT) revealed only in 4 patients. According to histogenesis the epithelial metastatic tumors were prevailed: breast cancer – in 13, gastric cancer – 3, kidney cancer – 2, thyroid cancer – 2, cancer of the uterus – 1; bowel leiomyosarcoma – in 1, uveal melanoma – in 1 patient. In 3 patients (11.5%) with morphologically confirmed metastatic cancer of the orbit the nature of the primary lesion was not identified.ConclusionsBreast cancer is most common in development of metastatic tumors. Medical history data, clinical and instrumental findings are informative to suggest malignancy in orbit, requiring the need for morphological verification of the diagnosis for adequate therapy.
Electrospun polymer nanofibers as substrate/carrier for engineering of human corneal epithelium
Authors: Momtazi L. , Shahdadfar A. , Zell Thime H. , Noer A. , Nilsen O. , Eidet J.R. 
Published: September 2016

PurposeElectrospun polymer nanofibers present a structure similar to extracellular matrix (ECM) and support the surrounding cells. The type of polymer used, as well as the polymer blending‐ratio, affects wettability. This in turn influences cell growth by altering the types of proteins adsorbed from the solution. Human corneal epithelial cells were grown on electrospun biodegradable and non‐biodegradable polymer membranes to evaluate the membranes’ potential within ocular surface tissue engineering.MethodsThe electrospun polymer membranes consisted of cellulose acetate, poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA), polycaprolactone (PCL), and blends of PCL and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Expression of CDH1 (E‐cadherin), ITGA6, ITGB4 (Integrin α6β4) and MKI67 (Ki67) genes were measured in all conditions after 14 days of culture using qRT‐PCR.ResultsCells seeded on all types of membranes expressed MKI67, which is associated with cell cycle activity and correlates with cell growth. MKI67 expression was high in cells grown on 3:2 blends of PCL and PEG (2.88) and PCL (2.75). This amount was 1.75, 1.00 and 1.59 for cells grown on cellulose acetate, 1:1 blend of PCL and PEG and PLGA respectively. The amount of ITGA6, ITGB4 expression was 1.72 in cells grown on PCL membranes, 1.10 for 3:2 blend of PCL and PEG, 1.05 for cellulose acetate, 1.53 for PLGA and 1.01 for 1:1 blend of PCL and PEG. Only cells grown on membranes containing blends of PCL: PEG showed CDH1 expression, which is critical for cell‐cell contact.ConclusionsAll polymer membranes enabled cellular adhesion and proliferation. PCL:PEG and PCL membranes appear to promote the highest proliferative activity and strongest cell‐membrane/cell‐cell adhesion. Thus, these might be the most promising substrates for epithelial ocular surface tissue engineering.
The preventive effects of the rhodiola rosea on ischemia‐reperfusion injury in the RAT retina
Authors: Kükner A.Ş. , Erdurmus M. , Terzi E.H. , Fırat T. , Kın Tekçe B. , Çetinkaya A. , Soydan A. , Kükner A. 
Published: September 2016

PurposeThe aim of the present study is to evaluate the preventive effects of Rhodiola Rosea, a naturally occurring antioxidant and neuroprotective, on ischemia‐reperfusion (IR) induced damage in rat retina.MethodsForty‐eight Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Control group (n = 16) just received anterior chamber cannulation. IR group (n = 16) was exposed IR injury created by increased intraocular pressure. The third group (IR+T) (n = 16) received daily intraperitoneal Rhodiola Rosea extract in addition to IR injury. Rats in each group were sacrificed at 24th hour (n = 8) and 7th day (n = 8). Retinal catalase, malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase were measured. Retinal sections were stained with hematoxylin‐eosin. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick‐end labeling (TUNEL), TNF‐α and NF‐κB immune staining were also performed.ResultsThere was no significant difference among the groups in terms of catalase and glutathione peroxidase (p > 0.05). MDA levels were significantly higher in the IR group on 24th hours and 7th day compared to control group. There was no ganglion cell count difference between control and IR+T group at 24th hour and day 7 (p > 0.05). There were statistically significant difference between control and IR group at 24th hour and at day 7 in terms of ganglion cell counts (p = 0.001 for both). When IR and IR+T are compared, TUNEL positive cells at 24th hour were significantly higher in IR group in the ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer (p = 0.001 for both). NF‐κB positive cells in the ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer were significantly lower in IR+T group compared to IR group at 24th hour (p = 0.001 for both).ConclusionsRhodiola Rosea extract was shown to have partially preventive effects on retinal ischemia reperfusion injury in rats in terms of biochemical and histopathological outcomes.
Personalised therapies for mitochondrial optic neuropathies – myth or reality?
Authors: Yu‐Wai‐Man P. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryMitochondrial optic neuropathies affect an estimated 1 in 10,000 individuals in the population and as a group, it represents an important cause of chronic visual morbidity among children and young adults. The pathological hallmark is the preferential loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) within the inner retina, which results in progressive optic nerve degeneration and the onset of visual symptoms. The past decade has seen tremendous progress in our understanding of the molecular genetic basis and pathophysiology of this group of disorders, providing at the same time invaluable insight into the shared disease pathways that precipitate RGC loss. The two classical paradigms are Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), which is a primary mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) disorder, and autosomal dominant optic atrophy (DOA) secondary to pathogenic mutations within the nuclear gene OPA1 that encodes for a mitochondrial inner membrane protein. The stark reality is that the majority of patients with mitochondrial optic neuropathies are eventually registered legally blind and management remains largely supportive. The translational gap for this group of disorders still remains to be bridged, but the development of effective disease‐modifying treatments is now within tantalising reach helped by major advances in drug discovery and targeted genetic manipulation.
Living with sub‐optimal glycaemic control: the experiences of Type 2 diabetes diagnosis and education
Authors: Crowe Marie , Whitehead Lisa , Bugge Carol , Carlyle Dave , Carter Janet , Maskill Virginia 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to explore the experiences of diagnosis and education for people living with Type 2 diabetes who have sub‐optimal glycaemic control.BackgroundThe increasing prevalence of Type 2 diabetes is a global concern. Many people have difficulty maintaining optimal glycaemic control with up to 50% having HbA1c levels higher than recommended. A range of factors that have been suggested as possibly contributing to this, however, little is known about how their experience of diagnosis, education and support to attempt to understand the context of their self‐management practices.DesignA qualitative thematic analysis of interviews conducted with people with sub‐optimal glycaemic control prior to their participation in an intervention study.MethodThirty participants taking part in a psychosocial/educational intervention for people with sub‐optimal glycaemic control were interviewed in 2012 before the intervention commenced. These interviews explored each participant's experience of the diagnosis and associated education. The interviews were transcribed and a thematic analysis was conducted.FindingsAlmost all the participants had been shocked at receiving the diagnosis and felt it had been a moral indictment on their lifestyle. Many had been given the impression that they had a mild form of diabetes and most had been given very little information on self‐management that they had found useful.ConclusionThe findings suggest that for the participants there was a considerable gap between the rhetoric of person‐centred services and the reality of the experiences of diagnosis and education for the self‐management of Type 2 diabetes.
Responding to families with complex needs: a national survey of child and family health nurses
Authors: Rossiter Chris , Schmied Virginia , Kemp Lynn , Fowler Cathrine , Kruske Sue , Homer Caroline S.E. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to explore the extent to which Australian child and family health nurses work with families with complex needs and how their practice responds to the needs of these families.BackgroundMany families with young children face challenges to their parenting capacity, potentially placing their children at risk of poorer developmental outcomes. Nurses increasingly work with families with mental health problems, trauma histories and/or substance dependence. Universal child health services must respond effectively to these challenges, to address health inequalities and to promote the best outcomes for all children and families.DesignThe descriptive study used cross‐sectional data from the first national survey of child and family health nurses in Australia, conducted during 2011.MethodsSurvey data reported how often, where and how child and family health nurses worked with families with complex needs and their confidence in nursing tasks.FindingsMany, but not all, of the 679 respondents saw families with complex needs in their regular weekly caseload. Child and family health nurses with diverse and complex caseloads reported using varied approaches to support their clients. They often undertook additional professional development and leadership roles compared with nurses who reported less complex caseloads. Most respondents reported high levels of professional confidence.ConclusionFor health services providing universal support and early intervention for families at risk, the findings underscore the importance of appropriate education, training and support for child and family health professionals. The findings can inform the organization and delivery of services for families in Australia and internationally.
Exploring beyond the oral mucosa in patients affected with autoimmune blistering diseases: the importance of endoscopic procedures
Authors: España A. , Fernandez S. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAutoimmune blistering diseases (AIBD) comprise several entities characterized by the presence of autoantibodies targeted against structural proteins either in desmosomes or in the dermoepidermal junction of polystratified squamous epithelium. Patients develop blisters, erosions in cutaneous surfaces or mucosas. Diagnosis is based on the characteristic mucocutaneous lesions, the typical findings on histological studies and direct immunofluorescence assays, and the presence of specific autoantibodies against the epidermal antigens. It may not be possible for dermatologists to appropriately explore the nose and throat (NT). Thus, a clinical exploration by endoscopic procedures of NT may be a useful tool during the conventional dermatological exam. The aims of this review are to draw attention to the most frequent NT manifestations in AIBD patients, and underline the utility of endoscopic procedures to achieve a more successful and rationale management of patients. Additionally, we will provide brief information related to the anatomical structures and type of epithelium in NT areas which may explain the extent and type of NT involvement in AIBD. Endoscopic exploration in AIBD patients is important for several reasons. Firstly, it will allow the real NT mucosal involvement in each patient to be determined, thus making a differential diagnosis during the endoscopic exam possible, based on the localization of mucosal lesions. Secondary mucosal morbidity can also be ruled out. Secondly, the clinical response to treatment may be established, especially in NT mucosa, as these are anatomical areas subjected to important local traumas, and physiological functions such as breathing, swallowing, speech production and phonation may be damaged. Therefore, a multidisciplinary management in AIBD is mandatory by both dermatologists and otorhinolaryngologists, adding the clinical exploration by endoscopic procedures of NT to the conventional dermatological exam in all AIBD patients, irrespective of whether they exhibit associated symptoms.
Early transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in US patients hospitalized with acute esophageal variceal bleeding
Authors: Njei Basile , McCarty Thomas R , Laine Loren 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackground and AimEarly transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) used as preventive therapy prior to recurrent bleeding has been recommended in patients presenting with acute esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB) who are at high risk of further bleeding and death. We investigated the impact of early TIPS on outcomes of US patients hospitalized with EVB from 2000 to 2010.MethodsThe Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was queried to identify patients with EVB and decompensated cirrhosis (because early TIPS is recommended only in high‐risk patients). The primary outcome was in‐hospital death, and secondary outcomes included rebleeding and hepatic encephalopathy. Early preventive TIPS was defined by placement within 3 days of hospitalization for acute EVB after one session of endoscopic therapy. Rescue TIPS was defined as TIPS after two interventions for EVB.ResultsThe study included 142 539 patients. From 2000 to 2010, the age‐adjusted in‐hospital mortality rate decreased 37.2% from 656 per 100 000 to 412 per 100 000 (P <0.01), while early and rescue TIPS increased (0.22% to 0.70%; P < 0.01 and 1.1% to 6.1%; P < 0.01). On multivariate analysis, as compared with no TIPS, early TIPS was associated with decreased inpatient mortality (risk ratio [RR] = 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84–0.90) and rebleeding (RR = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.45–0.71) without an increase in hepatic encephalopathy (RR = 1.01; 95% CI, 0.93–1.11).ConclusionEarly preventive TIPS in patients with EVB and decompensated cirrhosis was associated with significant in‐hospital reductions in rebleeding and mortality without a significant increase in encephalopathy in “real‐world” US clinical practice.
Dual treatment with sofosbuvir plus ribavirin is as effective as triple therapy with pegylated interferon plus sofosbuvir plus ribavirin in predominant genotype 3 patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Satsangi Sandeep , Mehta Manu , Duseja Ajay , Taneja Sunil , Dhiman Radha K , Chawla Yogesh 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackground and AimSofosbuvir (SOF) was the first directly acting antiviral made available for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in India. We describe our “real life” experience of using SOF with ribavirin (RBV) with or without pegylated interferon (Peg‐IFN) in predominant genotype 3 patients with CHC.MethodsA total of 158 patients (men 99 [62.6%], mean age 40.3 ± 12.8 years) with CHC treated with dual therapy (SOF + RBV) for 24 weeks or triple therapy (Peg‐IFN + SOF + RBV) for 12 weeks were included prospectively. Patients with co‐infection, decompensated liver disease, and post‐organ transplantation were excluded. Data were analysed for the preference of treatment regimen, end of treatment response (ETR), sustained virological response at 12 weeks, and side effects.ResultsGenotype 3 was the predominant genotype (105 [66.4%]) followed by genotype 1 (40 [25.3%]) and genotype 4 (13[8.2%]). Forty‐eight (30.37%) patients had cirrhosis (LSM ≥ 13 kPa), and 30 (19%) were treatment experienced with Peg‐IFN + RBV. A total of 103 (65.18%) patients received dual therapy, and 55 (34.81%) received triple therapy. Resentment to receive injections, inaccessibility to a facility, fear of injection or its side effects, and financial constraints were the reasons to refuse triple therapy. All patients in triple therapy group and all but two patients (98%) in the dual therapy group attained ETR. All those who achieved ETR achieved sustained virological response at 12 weeks in both groups. But for anemia in three patients (two in triple, one in dual therapy), there were no major side effects.ConclusionsMost patients with CHC prefer an oral treatment with directly acting antivirals. Both oral and interferon‐based regimens achieve high response rate.
Unsupportive parenting and internalising behaviour problems in children with or without intellectual disability
Authors: Rodas N. V. , Zeedyk S. M. , Baker B. L. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundChildren with intellectual disability (ID) are at heightened risk for developing other psychological disorders, including internalising disorders. Anxiety and depression have been shown to be familial, and parenting is a contributing factor to the development of these disorders. To extend this research, we examined the extent to which mother and father depression and negative, unsupportive parenting related to child internalising behaviour problems, in children with ID or with typical development (TD).MethodParticipants were 156 mother and father dyads and their children, assessed at ages 4 and 5 years. We examined parent (mother and father) and child delay status (ID and TD) in relation to measures of both observed and self‐reported unsupportive, negative parenting. Utilising moderation models, we examined the relationship between parental depression, unsupportive/negative parenting and child internalising behaviour problems.ResultsUnsupportive, negative parenting differed based on parent gender and child delay status. In addition, father depression was a significant moderator of the relationship between unsupportive parenting and child internalising behaviour problems.ConclusionsChildren with ID were found to be at higher risk of experiencing unsupportive, negative parenting than children with TD. Children of depressed fathers were especially vulnerable to developing internalising behaviour problems in an unsupportive parenting context.