bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gene Expression during BTEX Biodegradation by a Microbial Consortium Acclimatized to Unleaded Gasoline and a Pseudomonas putida Strain (HM346961) Isolated from It
Authors: CHÁVEZ JESÚS A. MORLETT , MARTÍNEZ JORGE Á. ASCACIO , HASKINS WILLIAM E. , ASKAR KARIM ACUÑ , BARRERA SALDAÑA HUGO A. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Pseudomonas putida strain (HM346961) was isolated from a consortium of bacteria acclimatized to unleaded gasoline-contaminated water. The consortium can efficiently remove benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) isomers, and a similar capability was observed with the P. putida strain. Proteome of this strain showed certain similarities with that of other strains exposed to the hydrocarbon compounds. Furthermore, the toluene di-oxygenase (tod) gene was up-regulated in P. putida strain when exposed to toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and BTEX. In contrast, the tod gene of P. putida F1 (ATCC 700007) was up-regulated only in the presence of toluene and BTEX. Several differences in the nucleotide and protein sequences of these two tod genes were observed. This suggests that tod up-regulation in P. putida strain may partially explain their great capacity to remove aromatic compounds, relative to P. putida F1. Therefore, new tod and P. putida strain are promising for various environmental applications.
Génesis del Real Decreto-Ley de marzo de 1977
Authors: Herrero de Miñón Miguel 
Published: January 2018

Resumen:En este trabajo se exponen, con elevado nivel de detalle, los elementos que influyeron en la redacción del Real Decreto Ley de 18 de marzo de 1977, que reguló las primeras elecciones democráticas en España, y que influyó posteriormente en la actual regulación electoral todavía vigente.AbstractIn this work are exposed, with high level of detail, the elements that influenced the drafting of the Royal Decree of March 18, 1977, which regulated the first democratic elections in Spain, and which later influenced the current electoral regulation still in force.
La reforma de la LOREG para el supuesto de convocatoria automática de elecciones en virtud del artículo 99.5 CE: ¿una oportuna adaptación técnica o una conculcación del derecho de sufragio?
Authors: García Mahamut Rosario 
Published: January 2018

Resumen:Este trabajo aborda un análisis detallado de la LO 2/2016 de modificación de la Ley Orgánica del Régimen Electoral General (LOREG) para el supuesto de convocatoria automática de elecciones en virtud del artículo 99.5 CE. La nueva Disposición adicional séptima de la LOREG regula las especificidades procedimentales de un proceso electoral que, para este supuesto, dura 47 días en lugar de los 54 días. Se reduce el tiempo destinado a la campaña electoral y se establece una serie de medidas que permiten recurrir a trámites utilizados en el proceso electoral inmediatamente anterior. En este estudio se analizan pormenorizadamente aquellas especialidades procedimentales que, aunque revisten la apariencia de ajustes técnicos en el calendario electoral, pueden afectar de forma nuclear al contenido esencial del derecho de sufragio activo y pasivo amparado en el artículo 23 CE. Summary:I. Introduction. II. The formal and material peculiarities of the representation of the people institutional act 2/2016, october 31st, modifying the spanish «LOREG». 1. The drafting of the law and its contextualization in the calendar of the investiture process. 2. A synoptic overview of the material content of the reform. III. The serious incidents that the new additional seventh provision of the LOREG may add to the exercise of the voting rights act: 1. The length of theelectoral process, the domino effect and the legal anchorage of proceduralspecialities. 2. Presentation, publication and proclamation of candidacies: the difficult balance on gender equality. 3. The appeals against the proclamation of candidacies and candidates: The nonaffectation of the jurisdictional guarantees and the dangerous exception. 4. The impact of the reduction of the electoral process on the right to vote of the Spaniards Residents Abroad. Electoral campaigns: main developments and risks. IV. Conclusions.Abstract:This paper provides a detailed analysis of the current Act 2/2016, October 31st, modifying the Spanish People Institutional Act (LOREG) which regulates the organisation of the automatic call of an election under article 99.5 of the Spanish Constitution (CE). The new 7th Additional Provision of the Spanish «LOREG» examines the procedural specifities of an electoral process which, in this case, lasts 47 days instead of 54. On the one hand, the time assigned to the electoralcampaign is reduced and, on the other hand, a series of measures are provided in order to allow the implementation of the procedures used in the immediately preceding electoral process. This study analyses in detail those procedural singularities that, although they may seem as technical adjustments of the electoral timetable, they can directly affect the essential content of the right to vote and stand for election protected by artículo 23 CE.
De la ‘libertad informática’ a la constitucionalización de nuevos derechos digitales (1978-2018)
Authors: Rallo Lombarte Artemi 
Published: January 2018

Resumen:La referencia a la informática en la Constitución de 1978 reconoció trascendencia constitucional a la necesidad de protección del individuo frente a los riegos derivados de los avances tecnológicos. Cuatro décadas después, la sociedad contemporánea afronta el reto de constitucionalizar nuevos derechos digitales. En España, sendas leyes (LORTAD y LOPD) desarrollaron el precepto constitucional que consagra la garantía de los derechos frente al uso de la informática. Para preservar a los individuos frente a los riesgos y amenazas de latecnología, el Tribunal Constitución dedujo del artículo 18.4 CE un derecho fundamental autónomo a la protección de datos personales. Las leyes españolas de protección de datos son el resultado de la obligación de cumplir compromisos internacionales (Convenio 108 del Consejo de Europa de 1981) y europeos (Directiva 95/46, artículo 8 de la CDFUE 41 y Reglamento UE 2016/679). Sin embargo, el reconocimiento constitucional o europeo, legal o constitucional, del derecho fundamental a la protección de datos no agota la necesidad de establecer un nuevo marco de protección de los ciudadanos en la era digitalen el que se reconozcan nuevos derechos digitales.SummaryI. Introduction. II. The misleading constitutionalization of «computing ». III. Convention 108 of the council of europe (1981). IV. Data protection right as an autonomous fundamental right. V. LORTAD (1992), LOPD (1999) and its reform. VI. The europeanization of data protection right: Directive 95/46, art. 8 CDFUE and regulation EU 2016/679. VII. Towards the constitutionalization of new digital rights.Abstract:The reference to computing in the Spanish Constitution (1978) recognized constitutional significance to the need for protection against the technological risks. Four decades later, the contemporary society faces the challenge of constitutionalising new digital rights. In Spain, two laws (LOPD and LORTAD) developed the constitutional article that enshrined the guarantee of rights against the use of computers. The Constitutional Court inferred from article 18.4 CE an autonomous fundamental right to the protection of personal data. Spanish data protection laws are the result of the obligation to comply withinternational (Convention 108 of the Council of Europe from 1981) and European (Directive 95/46, article 8 of the CDFUE and Regulation EU 2016/679) commitments. However, the European, legal or constitutional, recognition of the fundamental right to data protection does not exclude the need to establish a new framework for the protection of citizens in the digital age in which new digital rights should be recognized.
El derecho a la información: balance y cuestiones pendientes
Authors: Ortega Gutiérrez David 
Published: January 2018

Resumen:Se analiza el derecho a la información y su evolución en estos 40 años de vida de nuestra Constitución de 1978. Primero se estudian aquellas normas jurídicas que han desarrollado directamente este derecho para después ver aquéllas que lo han hecho de manera indirecta o colateral. En segundo lugar apuntamos la evolución jurisprudencial de los temas más relevantes del derecho a la información, especialmente respecto del contenido y límites al mismo. En un tercer apartado se aborda la evolución de la deontología en materia de periodismo. Concluimos con una serie de temas y problemas del derecho a la información que aún siguen pendientes.Summary:1. Introduction. 2. Normative development. 2.1 Laws that have directly developed the right to information. 2.2 Laws indirectly related to the right to information. 3. Jurisprudential developments. 3.1 Institutional dimension or double character of the right to information, especially against the right to honor. 3.2. Faced with the right to privacy and self-image. 3.3 The right to be forgotten as a limit to the right to information. 3.4 Using the Hidden Camera. 3.5 Legal regulation of radio and television. 3.6 Conscience clause. 3.7 Right to rectification. 3.8 Veracity informative and public relevance of the news. 3.9 Special reference to the ECHR. 4. Journalistic ethics and self-regulation mechanisms. 5. Conclusions and outstanding issues.Abstract:It analyzes the right to information and its evolution in these 40 years of life of our Constitution of 1978. First we study those legal norms that have directly developed this right to later see those who have done so indirectly or collateral. Secondly, we point out the jurisprudential evolution of the most relevant issues of the right to information, especially regarding the content and limits to it. A third section deals with the evolution of deontology in journalism. We concludewith a series of issues and problems of the right to information that are still pending.
La tutela constitucional de las personas con discapacidad
Authors: Álvarez García Héctor 
Published: January 2018

Resumen:El trabajo principia con un recorrido histórico por los distintos modelos implementados por los poderes públicos para abordar el fenómenode la discapacidad, que culmina con el paradigma mixto —médico y social— plasmado en la Constitución española de 1978. El artículo interpreta las «normas de contenido social» de la Constitución, a la luz del Convenio Internacional sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad y de la doctrina del Tribunal Constitucional, al objeto de determinar el contenido y alcance de la tutela constitucional de la capacidad de obrar de las personas con discapacidad, imprescindible para garantizar el libre desarrollo de la personalidad a este numeroso grupo de ciudadanos, cuyas vidas han sido tradicionalmente gobernadas por la voluntad ajena, cuando no directamenteprivados de libertad mediante su institucionalización.Summary:1. Historical paradigms. 1.1 Eugenic. 1.2 Medical. 1.3. Social. 2. The constitutional model. 3. The exercise of rights. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 The International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. 3.3 Equal legal capacity. 3.4 Universal accessibility. 4. Bibliography.Abstract:The work begins with an historical journey through the different models implemented by public authorities to address the phenomenon of disability. This journey culminates with the mixed paradigm —medical and social— embodied in the Spanish Constitution of 1978. The article interprets the «social protections norms» of the Constitution, in the light of the International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the doctrine of the Constitutional Court, in order to determine the content and scope of constitutional protection of the capacity to act of persons with disabilities. This is essential to ensure the free development of the personality of this large group of citizens, whose lives have traditionally been governed by the will of others, if not been directly deprived of their liberty through their institutionalization.
Late Summer Frazil Ice‐Associated Algal Blooms around Antarctica
Authors: DeJong Hans B. , Dunbar Robert B. , Lyons Evan A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAntarctic continental shelf waters are the most biologically productive in the Southern Ocean. Although satellite‐derived algorithms report peak productivity during the austral spring/early summer, recent studies provide evidence for substantial late summer productivity that is associated with green colored frazil ice. Here we analyze daily Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer satellite images for February and March from 2003 to 2017 to identify green colored frazil ice hot spots. Green frazil ice is concentrated in 11 of the 13 major sea ice production polynyas, with the greenest frazil ice in the Terra Nova Bay and Cape Darnley polynyas. While there is substantial interannual variability, green frazil ice is present over greater than 300,000 km2 during March. Late summer frazil ice‐associated algal productivity may be a major phenomenon around Antarctica that is not considered in regional carbon and ecosystem models.
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Better Captures Seasonal and Interannual Gross Primary Productivity Dynamics Across Dryland Ecosystems of Southwestern North America
Authors: Smith W. K. , Biederman J. A. , Scott R. L. , Moore D. J. P. , He M. , Kimball J. S. , Yan D. , Hudson A. , Barnes M. L. , MacBean N. , Fox A. M. , Litvak M. E. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSatellite remote sensing provides unmatched spatiotemporal information on vegetation gross primary productivity (GPP). Yet understanding of the relationship between GPP and remote sensing observations and how it changes with factors such as scale, biophysical constraint, and vegetation type remains limited. This knowledge gap is especially apparent for dryland ecosystems, which have characteristic high spatiotemporal variability and are under‐represented by long‐term field measurements. Here we utilize an eddy covariance (EC) data synthesis for southwestern North America in an assessment of how accurately satellite‐derived vegetation proxies capture seasonal to interannual GPP dynamics across dryland gradients. We evaluate the enhanced vegetation index, solar‐induced fluorescence (SIF), and the photochemical reflectivity index. We find evidence that SIF is more accurately capturing seasonal GPP dynamics particularly for evergreen‐dominated EC sites and more accurately estimating the full magnitude of interannual GPP dynamics for all dryland EC sites. These results suggest that incorporation of SIF could significantly improve satellite‐based GPP estimates.
Effects of Ensemble Configuration on Estimates of Regional Climate Uncertainties
Authors: Goldenson N. , Mauger G. , Leung L. R. , Bitz C. M. , Rhines A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractInternal variability in the climate system can contribute substantial uncertainty in climate projections, particularly at regional scales. Internal variability can be quantified using large ensembles of simulations that are identical but for perturbed initial conditions. Here we compare methods for quantifying internal variability. Our study region spans the west coast of North America, which is strongly influenced by El Niño and other large‐scale dynamics through their contribution to large‐scale internal variability. Using a statistical framework to simultaneously account for multiple sources of uncertainty, we find that internal variability can be quantified consistently using a large ensemble or an ensemble of opportunity that includes small ensembles from multiple models and climate scenarios. The latter also produce estimates of uncertainty due to model differences. We conclude that projection uncertainties are best assessed using small single‐model ensembles from as many model‐scenario pairings as computationally feasible, which has implications for ensemble design in large modeling efforts.
Discovery of 1 Hz Range Modulation of Isolated Proton Aurora at Subauroral Latitudes
Authors: Ozaki M. , Shiokawa K. , Miyoshi Y. , Kataoka R. , Connors M. , Inoue T. , Yagitani S. , Ebihara Y. , Jun C.‐W. , Nomura R. , Sakaguchi K. , Otsuka Y. , Uchida H. A. , Schofield I. , Danskin D. W. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIsolated proton aurora (IPA) is a manifestation of the wave‐particle interaction visible at subauroral latitudes, with activity on many timescales. We herein present the first observational evidence of rapid luminous modulation of IPA correlated with simultaneously observed Pc1 waves observed on the ground, which are equivalent to the electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves in the magnetosphere. The fastest luminous modulation of IPA was observed in the 1 Hz frequency range, which was twice the frequency of the related Pc1 waves. The time lag between variations of Pc1 wave power and the IPA luminosity suggests that the source regions of IPA are distributed near the magnetic equator, suggesting an EMIC wave‐energetic (a few tens of keV) proton or relativistic (MeV or sub‐MeV) electron interaction. The generation mechanism of this 1 Hz luminous modulation remains an open issue, but this study supports the importance of nonlinear pitch angle scattering via wave‐particle interactions.
Discrete Light Spectrum of Complex‐Shaped Meta‐atoms
Authors: Silva Solange , Morgado Tiago A. , Silveirinha Mário G. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe investigate the potentials of open plasmonic resonators (meta‐atoms) with different shapes in the context of light trapping. Consistent with the theory of Silveirinha (2014), it is found that in some conditions complex‐shaped dielectric cavities may support discrete light states screened by volume plasmons that in the limit of vanishing material loss have an infinite lifetime. The embedded eigenstates can be efficiently pumped with a plane wave excitation when the meta‐atom core has a nonlinear response, such that the trapped light energy is precisely quantized.
A Bayesian Hierarchical Approach to Multivariate Nonstationary Hydrologic Frequency Analysis
Authors: Bracken C. , Holman K. D. , Rajagopalan B. , Moradkhani H. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe present a general Bayesian hierarchical framework for conducting nonstationary frequency analysis of multiple hydrologic variables. In this, annual maxima from each variable are assumed to follow a generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution in which the location parameter is allowed to vary in time. A Gaussian elliptical copula is used to model the joint distribution of all variables. We demonstrate the utility of this framework with a joint frequency analysis model of annual peak snow water equivalent (SWE), annual peak flow, and annual peak reservoir elevation at Taylor Park dam in Colorado, USA. Indices of large‐scale climate drivers—El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) are used as covariates to model temporal nonstationarity. The Bayesian framework provides the posterior distribution of the model parameters and consequently the return levels. Results show that performing a multivariate joint frequency analysis reduces the uncertainty in return level estimates and better captures multivariate dependence compared to an independent model.
Presence versus Proximity: The Role of Pendant Amines in the Catalytic Hydrolysis of a Nerve Agent Simulant
Authors: Islamoglu Timur , Ortuño Manuel A. , Proussaloglou Emmanuel , Howarth Ashlee J. , Vermeulen Nicolaas A. , Atilgan Ahmet , Asiri Abdullah M. , Cramer Christopher J. , Farha Omar K. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAmino‐functionalized zirconium‐based metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown unprecedented catalytic activity compared to non‐functionalized analogues for hydrolysis of organophosphonate‐based toxic chemicals. Importantly, the effect of the amino group on the catalytic activity is significantly higher in the case of UiO‐66‐NH2, where the amino groups reside near the node, compared to UiO‐67‐m‐NH2, where they are directed away from the node. Herein, we show that the proximity of the amino group is crucial for fast catalytic activity towards hydrolysis of organophosphonate‐based nerve agents. The generality of the observed amine‐proximity‐dictated catalytic activity has been tested on two different MOF systems which have different topology. DFT calculations reveal that amino groups on all the MOFs studied are not acting as Brønsted bases; instead they control the microsolvation environment at the Zr6‐node active site and therefore increase the overall catalytic rates.
The Solution of the Puzzle of Smectic‐Q: The Phase Structure and the Origin of Spontaneous Chirality
Authors: Lu Huanjun , Zeng Xiangbing , Ungar Goran , Dressel Christian , Tschierske Carsten 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe so‐called smectic‐Q (SmQ) liquid crystal phase was discovered in 1983 in rod‐like molecules, but its structure remain unclear in spite of numerous attempts to solve it. Herein, we report what we believe to be the solution: A unique bicontinuous phase that is non‐cubic and is made up of orthogonal twisted columns with planar 4‐way junctions. While SmQ had only been observed in chiral compounds, we show that this chiral phase forms also in achiral materials through spontaneous symmetry breaking. The results strongly support the idea of a helical substructure of bicontinuous phases and long‐range homochirality being sustained by helicity‐matching at network junctions. The model also explains the triangular shape of double‐gyroid domains growing within a SmQ environment. SmQ‐forming materials hold potential for applications such as circularly polarized light emitters that require no alignment or asymmetric synthesis.
An Expanded Porphycene with High NIR Absorptivity That Stabilizes Two Different Kinds of Metal Complexes
Authors: Anguera Gonzalo , Cha Won‐Young , Moore Matthew D. , Brewster James T. , Zhao Michael Y. , Lynch Vincent D. , Kim Dongho , Sessler Jonathan L. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA new expanded porphycene with 26 π‐electrons has been prepared by the McMurry coupling of 1,4‐bis(3,4‐diethyl‐2‐pyrryl)benzene dialdehyde. Expansion of the porphycene framework provides a ligand capable of stabilizing a bis(rhodium) and a monoruthenium complex. These new porphycene derivatives absorb strongly in the NIR spectral region, with appreciable absorptivity up to 1300 nm. On the basis of their ground‐ and excited‐state spectroscopic features and structural parameters, both the free‐base system and the bis(rhodium) complex are considered to be Hückel‐type aromatic systems. This conclusion is supported by DFT calculations.
SuFEx Chemistry of Thionyl Tetrafluoride (SOF4) with Organolithium Nucleophiles: Synthesis of Sulfonimidoyl Fluorides, Sulfoximines, Sulfonimidamides, and Sulfonimidates
Authors: Gao Bing , Li Suhua , Wu Peng , Moses John E. , Sharpless K. Barry 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThionyl tetrafluoride (SOF4) is a valuable connective gas for sulfur fluoride exchange (SuFEx) click chemistry that enables multidimensional linkages to be created via sulfur–oxygen and sulfur–nitrogen bonds. Herein, we expand the available SuFEx chemistry of SOF4 to include organolithium nucleophiles, and demonstrate, for the first time, the controlled projection of sulfur–carbon links at the sulfur center of SOF4‐derived iminosulfur oxydifluorides (R1−N=SOF2). This method provides rapid and modular access to sulfonimidoyl fluorides (R1−N=SOFR2), another array of versatile SuFEx connectors with readily tunable reactivity of the S−F handle. Divergent connections derived from these valuable sulfonimidoyl fluoride units are also demonstrated, including the synthesis of sulfoximines, sulfonimidamides, and sulfonimidates.