bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical relevance of anterior cerebral artery asymmetry in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Jabbarli Ramazan , Reinhard Matthias , Roelz Roland , Kaier Klaus , Weyerbrock Astrid , Taschner Christian , Scheiwe Christian , Shah Mukesch 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVEAn asymmetry of the A1 segments (A1SA) of the anterior cerebral arteries (ACAs) is an assumed risk factor for the development of anterior communicating artery aneurysms (ACoAAs). It is unknown whether A1SA is also clinically relevant after aneurysm rupture. The authors of this study investigated the impact of A1SA on the clinical course and outcome of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).METHODSThe authors retrospectively analyzed data on consecutive SAH patients treated at their institution between January 2005 and December 2012. The occurrence and severity of cerebral infarctions in the ACA territories were evaluated on follow-up CT scans up to 6 weeks after SAH. Moreover, the risk for an unfavorable outcome (defined as > 3 points on the modified Rankin Scale) at 6 months after SAH was assessed.RESULTSA total of 594 patients were included in the final analysis. An A1SA was identified on digital subtraction angiography studies from 127 patients (21.4%) and was strongly associated with ACoAA (p < 0.0001, OR 13.7). An A1SA independently correlated with the occurrence of ACA infarction in patients with ACoAA (p = 0.047) and in those without an ACoAA (p = 0.015). Among patients undergoing ACoAA coiling, A1SA was independently associated with the severity of ACA infarction (p = 0.023) and unfavorable functional outcome (p = 0.045, OR = 2.4).CONCLUSIONSAn A1SA is a common anatomical variation in SAH patients and is strongly associated with ACoAA. Moreover, the presence of A1SA independently increases the likelihood of ACA infarction. In SAH patients undergoing ACoAA coiling, A1SA carries the risk for severe ACA infarction and thus an unfavorable outcome.Clinical trial registration no.: DRKS00005486 (http://www.drks.de/)
Expression profile of long noncoding RNAs in human cerebral aneurysms: a microarray analysis
Authors: Li Hao , Yue Haiyan , Hao Yajing , Li Haowen , Wang Shuo , Yu Lanbing , Zhang Dong , Cao Yong , Zhao Jizong 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVEThe pathogenesis of cerebral aneurysms (CAs) remains largely unknown. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were reported recently to play crucial roles in many physiological and biological processes. Here, the authors compared the gene-expression profiles of CAs and their control arteries to investigate the potential functions of lncRNAs in the formation of CAs.METHODSA prospective case-control study was designed to identify the changes in expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs between 12 saccular CA samples (case group) and 12 paired superficial temporal artery samples (control group). Microarray analysis was performed to investigate the expression of lncRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to validate the microarray analysis findings. Then, an lncRNA target-prediction program and gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were applied to explore potential lncRNA functions.RESULTSA comparison between the case and control groups revealed that 1518 lncRNAs and 2545 mRNAs were expressed differentially. By using target-prediction program analysis, the authors constructed a complex network consisting of 2786 matched lncRNA-mRNA pairs, in which ine1 mRNA was potentially targeted by one to tens of lncRNAs, and vice versa. The results of further gene ontology and KEGG pathway analyses indicated that lncRNAs were involved mainly in regulating immune/inflammatory processes/pathways and vascular smooth muscle contraction, both of which are known to have crucial pathobiological relevance in terms of CA formation.CONCLUSIONSBy comparing CAs with their control arteries, the authors created an expression profile of lncRNAs in CAs and propose here their possible roles in the pathogenesis of CAs. The results of this study provide novel insight into the mechanisms of CA pathogenesis and shed light on developing new therapeutic intervention for CAs in the future.
3-Tesla MRI in patients with fully implanted deep brain stimulation devices: a preliminary study in 10 patients
Authors: Sammartino Francesco , Krishna Vibhor , Sankar Tejas , Fisico Jason , Kalia Suneil K. , Hodaie Mojgan , Kucharczyk Walter , Mikulis David J. , Crawley Adrian , Lozano Andres M. 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of 3-T MRI in patients with implanted deep brain stimulation (DBS) systems.METHODSThis study was performed in 2 phases. In an initial phantom study, a Lucite phantom filled with tissue-mimicking gel was assembled. The system was equipped with a single DBS electrode connected to an internal pulse generator. The tip of the electrode was coupled to a fiber optic thermometer with a temperature resolution of 0.1°C. Both anatomical (T1- and T2-weighted) and functional MRI sequences were tested. A temperature change within 2°C from baseline was considered safe. After findings from the phantom study suggested safety, 10 patients with implanted DBS systems targeting various brain areas provided informed consent and underwent 3-T MRI using the same imaging sequences. Detailed neurological evaluations and internal pulse generator interrogations were performed before and after imaging.RESULTSDuring phantom testing, the maximum temperature increase was registered using the T2-weighted sequence. The maximal temperature changes at the tip of the DBS electrode were < 1°C for all sequences tested. In all patients, adequate images were obtained with structural imaging, although a significant artifact from lead connectors interfered with functional imaging quality. No heating, warmth, or adverse neurological effects were observed.CONCLUSIONSTo the authors' knowledge, this was the first study to assess the clinical safety of 3-T MRI in patients with a fully implanted DBS system (electrodes, extensions, and pulse generator). It provided preliminary data that will allow further examination and assessment of the safety of 3-T imaging studies in patients with implanted DBS systems. The authors cannot advocate widespread use of this type of imaging in patients with DBS implants until more safety data are obtained.
Search for antimatter and dark matter and precision studies of cosmic ray fluxes on the International Space Station. AMS experiment. Results of four-year exposure
Authors: Galaktionov Yu V 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The results of cosmic rays studies obtained in the AMS experiment in 2011–2015 on the International Space Station are discussed. Research on the energy spectra of electrons and positrons at TeV energies and precision measurements of fluxes were performed. The growth of the positron fraction with energy was observed. Proton and helium spectra were also obtained. A review of theoretical models with possible explanations of the observed phenomena is presented.
Antiviral Potential and Mode of Action of Indigofera Heterantha against HSV-2 by Targeting the Early Stages of Infection
Authors: Kaushik Natasha Kapoor , Guha Rupa , Thomas Becky M 
Published: December 2016

Background The development of antivirals against herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) has a major public health importance because of the wide spectrum of associated clinical disease in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised populations. Even with the extensive use of acyclovir, issues such as emergence of drug-resistant strains, poor oral bioavailability and low effectiveness in recurrent infections have highlighted the requirement for alternate therapies. Plants, which are rich in metabolites and active against viruses, are being explored as one such source. We had earlier reported specific and potent anti-HSV-2 activity from the roots of the plant Indigofera heterantha. Herein, we describe the mechanism by which it exerts this antiviral potential against HSV-2. Methods MTT, plaque reduction and immunofluorescence techniques were used for in vitro antiviral studies. Animal studies were carried out in HSV-2-infected mice followed by plaque reduction assays. Results The extract was found to act at multiple steps of viral entry viz attachment, adsorption and penetration by blocking binding sites present on the viral envelope glycoproteins which eventually blocks its binding with the cell surface receptors present on the host cells. We also showed efficacy of PP9706642 topical application in prohibiting HSV-2 invasion to nearby organs from the site of infection, that is vagina in HSV-2 infected animals. Conclusions The extract targets the early and late stages of HSV-2 viral life cycle and thus shows great promise as both a prophylactic as well as therapeutic phytopharmaceutical against HSV-2.
Dolutegravir Plasma Concentrations According to Companion Antiretroviral Drug: Unwanted Drug Interaction or Desirable Boosting Effect?
Authors: Cattaneo Dario , Minisci Davide , Cozzi Valeria , Riva Agostino , Meraviglia Paola , Clementi Emilio , Galli Massimo , Gervasoni Cristina 
Published: December 2016

Background Studies in healthy volunteers have shown that the recently approved HIV integrase inhibitor dolutegravir has limited drug-to-drug interaction profile. Here we carried out a pharmacokinetic survey in HIV-infected patients given dolutegravir as part of their antiretroviral therapy. Methods Dolutegravir plasma trough concentrations were measured in 78 HIV-infected patients given the drug in combination with a protease inhibitor, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor or abacavir/lamivudine. Drug concentrations were assessed by high performance liquid chromatography method with UV-detection. Results All patients were given dolutegravir at 50 mg once daily, with median trough drug concentrations of 1,096 (664–2,356) ng/ml (interindividual coefficient of variation: 85.3%). Patients given dolutegravir with atazanavir had significantly higher drug concentrations compared with those given darunavir, rilpivirine or abacavir/lamivudine (2,399 [1,929–4,070] versus 738 [552–1,048], 603 [432–1,373] or 1,045 [856–1,115] ng/ml; P<0.001 for all comparisons). By multivariate analyses, only companion antiretroviral drug resulted in significant association with dolutegravir plasma trough concentrations ( P=0.012). Conclusions Atazanavir coadministration significantly inhibited dolutegravir metabolism, ultimately resulting in a two- to fourfold increase in drug disposition compared with other antiretroviral drugs. This boosting effect of atazanavir could be used to optimize dolutegravir dosing in particular clinical settings.
Le problème du choix social est-il résolu ?
Authors: Fleurbaey Marc 
Published: December 2016

La théorie du choix social contient des apories qui n’ont malheureusement pas favorisé la production de critères d’évaluation plus satisfaisants que ceux encore utilisés de nos jours en analyse coût-bénéfice. Il existe pourtant des solutions intéressantes qui tiennent compte des choix éthiques imposés par les impossibilités logiques révélées par la théorie. Des exemples de critères et de questions appliquées sont présentés pour montrer comment la théorie du choix social peut éclairer l’évaluation des politiques publiques et des états de la société. Classification JEL : D6, D71.
Les théories de l’égalité des opportunités de Fleurbaey et de Roemer sont-elles irréconciliables ?
Authors: Trannoy Alain 
Published: December 2016

Le thème de l’égalité des chances est devenu omniprésent dans la littérature sur la justice sociale. Marc Fleurbaey [1994], [2008] et John Roemer [1993], [1998] ont joué un rôle essentiel de passeurs d’idées exprimées par les philosophes, et de transformation de ces idées en des modèles de justice sociale permettant d’être appréhendés par des économistes. Les idées de responsabilité et de compensation sont déclinées d’une façon différente par ces deux auteurs et nous montrons que des concepts hybrides empruntant à chacun d’entre eux peuvent avoir du sens. En particulier nous proposons un nouveau principe de récompense dit « en moyenne » qui est compatible avec le principe de compensation ex post sans hypothèse particulière. Nous indiquons également comment introduire l’idée d’un déterminisme partiel des choix dans l’approche de Marc Fleurbaey. Classification JEL : D3, D63, D71.
Daphnia diversity in water bodies of the Po River Basin
Authors: Marková Silvia , Maurone Catia , Racchetti Erica , Bartoli Marco , Rossi Valeria 
Published: December 2016

<p>Shallow water bodies dominate the areal extent of continental waters and host a proportion of biodiversity higher than the percentage of Earth’s surface they cover. <em>Daphnia</em> is a key component of small aquatic ecosystems food webs. Here we present the result of a survey in 24 ponds located in the core of Po river Basin, to assess the actual spreading of <em>Daphnia</em> species in one of the most productive areas of the Northern hemisphere. By using diagnostic genetic markers (<em>12S rRNA </em>and <em>ND5 </em>genes) we identified five <em>Daphnia</em> species: <em>D. ambigua</em>, <em>D. curvirostris</em>, <em>D. longispina</em>, <em>D. obtusa</em> and <em>D. pulex </em>in fourteen ponds. Additional analyses of two nuclear genes (<em>LdhA</em> and <em>Rab4</em>) revealed that <em>D. pulex</em> in the study area is native European strain. In opposite, <em>D. ambigua</em> shared haplotype with the North-Eastern American lineage that was introduced to Europe by long-distance dispersal. In the Po river Basin we identified a highly divergent lineage of <em>D. longispina </em>group that formed a clade with individuals from northern European Russia and might represent a new <em>Daphnia </em>species. <em>Daphnia</em> species in the Cremona province have European origin, except for <em>D. ambigua</em> which is a North American species spreading across Europe. Future attention will require monitoring of invasive species, particularly <em>D. ambigua</em> and the North American invasive clone of <em>D. pulex </em>that is already present in Northern Italy. </p>
Predicting the invasive potential of the cladoceran Daphnia lumholtzi Sars, 1885 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Daphniidae) in the Neotropics: are generalists threatened and relicts protected by their life-history traits?
Authors: Sousa Francisco Diogo R. , Palaoro Alexandre V. , Elmoor-Loureiro Lourdes M.A. , Kotov Alexey A. 
Published: December 2016

<p> Invasive species are one of the major threats to biodiversity, which is aggravated in poorly known groups, such as<em> </em>cladocerans. <em>Daphnia lumholtzi </em>Sars (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Daphniidae)<em> </em>is currently invading the Neotropical region, and there are few records of this process. Our goal was to predict the invasive scenario for <em>D. lumholtzi </em>in the Neotropics using species distribution modelling and to assess the climatic overlap of the invader with the native species. We trained our MaxEnt model using occurrence records from native and invaded areas and projected it in the Neotropics. Additionally, we compared the climatic niche of some native species with the invader’s niche. Our model showed high environmental suitability in areas connected by the lowland Paraná River Basin (southwestern Brazil, eastern Argentina and Uruguay), in south-central Chile and Atlantic coastal areas. Widely distributed native species showed climatic overlap with the invader, while relict species did not. <em>Daphnia lumholtzi</em> thrives in warm and stable environments (e.g. the Paraná River basin), which of concern because the invader could already be spreading in that area. Native species could suffer due to climatic niche similarity, while natural barriers and local environmental conditions may protect relict species. We urge the need for further studies to understand this invasion process more fully. </p>
A Module-theoretic Characterization of Algebraic Hypersurfaces
Authors: Miranda-Neto Cleto B. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this note we prove the following surprising characterization: if X ⊂ is an (embedded, non-empty, proper) algebraic variety deûned over a field k of characteristic zero, then X is a hypersurface if and only if the module of logarithmic vector fields of X is a reflexive -module. As a consequence of this result, we derive that if is a free -module, which is shown to be equivalent to the freeness of the t-th exterior power of for some (in fact, any) t ≤ n, then necessarily X is a Saito free divisor.
Green's functions technique for calculating the emission spectrum in a quantum dot-cavity system
Authors: Gómez Edgar Arturo , Hernández José David , Vinck Posada Herbert 
Published: December 2016

We introduce the Green's functions technique as an alternative theory to the quantum regression theorem formalism for calculating the two-time correlation functions in open quantum systems at the steady state. In order to investigate the potential of this theoretical approach, we consider a dissipative system composed of a single quantum dot inside a semiconductor cavity and the emission spectrum is computed due to the quantum dot as well as the cavity. We propose an algorithm based on the Green's functions technique for computing the emission spectrum that can easily be adapted to more complex open quantum systems. We found that the numerical results based on the Green's functions technique are in perfect agreement with the quantum regression theorem formalism. Moreover, it allows overcoming the inherent theoretical difficulties associated with the direct application of the quantum regression theorem in open quantum systems.Received: 6 September 2016, Accepted: 5 November 2016; Edited by: J. P. Paz; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4279/PIP.080008Cite as: E A Gómez, J D Hernández-Rivero, H Vinck-Posada, Papers in Physics 8, 080008 (2016)This paper, by E A Gómez, J D Hernández-Rivero, H Vinck-Posada, is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0.
Quantification of Trabecular-Iris Contact and its Prevalence by Optical Coherence Tomography in a Healthy Caucasian Population
Authors: Fernández-Vigo José Ignacio , De-Pablo-Gómez-De-Liaño Lucía , Fernández-Vigo Cristina , Sánchez-Guillén Inés , Santos-Bueso Enrique , Martínez-de-la-Casa José María , García-Feijóo Julián , Fernández-Vigo José Ángel 
Published: December 2016

Purpose To determine the prevalence of trabecular-iris contact (TIC) and quantify this contact in healthy Caucasian individuals using Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT). Methods For this cross-sectional study, 2,012 eyes of 1,006 healthy subjects were recruited among individuals undergoing a routine ophthalmologic checkup. In each participant, age, sex, intraocular pressure, and spherical refractive error were first recorded along with anterior chamber depth and volume, central corneal thickness measured with the Pentacam, and axial length with the IOLMaster. Anterior chamber angle variables and the presence of TIC in the horizontal quadrants were determined by anterior segment FD-OCT (RTVue 100®). When TIC was observed, TIC length (TICL) and its percentage in relation to the length of the trabecular meshwork (TICL percentage) were also measured. Results Trabecular-iris contact in the horizontal quadrants was observed in 34 eyes of 25 patients, representing 1.6% of the total number of eyes examined. In this subgroup of individuals, mean age was 55.8 years, 84% were women, and spherical refractive error ranged from -0.25 to 8.25 D. Eyes with TIC showed an angle width of less than 23.2 degrees and axial length shorter than 23.7 mm. Mean TICL was 239 ± 79 μm (103-495 μm) and mean TICL percentage was 46.9% ± 13.9% (17.2%-76.3%). Conclusions The prevalence of TIC was low in this population. Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography emerged as useful to assess its prevalence and quantify the extent of TIC.
Single-Pass Four-Throw Technique for Pupilloplasty
Authors: Narang Priya , Agarwal Amar 
Published: December 2016

Purpose To describe a surgical technique for performing pupilloplasty. Methods In this surgical technique for pupilloplasty, after a single pass of needle through the edges of iris defect along the pupillary margin, the suture end is passed through the loop with 4 throws, creating a helical configuration in modified Siepser slipknot technique that is self-retaining and self-locking. Results The technique was performed in 27 cases and the loop did not open in any of the cases in the 6-month follow-up period. No case of iritis was seen. The iris tissue was seen well approximated to each other in all cases. Conclusions The single-pass 4-throw technique serves as an effective method to perform pupilloplasty.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Reaming Material Possess High Osteogenic Potential and React Sensitively to Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7
Authors: Hoellig Melanie , Westhauser Fabian , Kornienko Kira , Xiao Kai , Schmidmaier Gerhard , Moghaddam Arash 
Published: December 2016

Background Femoral material harvested using the Reamer-Irrigator-Aspirator (RIA) system is an alternative source for autogenous bone material in the treatment of non-unions, especially in combination with bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP). So far, there is no in vivo evidence of BMP-7 interacting with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from RIA material (RIA-MSCs) and iliac crest autogenous bone (BMSCs). The aim of this study was to compare their osteogenic potential when stimulated with BMP-7 in vivo. Methods RIA-MSC and BMSC from 11 donors were isolated and the character of MSCs was investigated in vitro. Constructs consisting of MSC, β-tricalcium phosphate and 2 concentrations of BMP-7 (0.1 µg/mL and 1 µg/mL) were implanted in mice for 8 weeks. Bone formation in the constructs was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Results All cell populations used were determined to be MSCs. The qualitative in vivo analysis showed formation of bone tissue. With regard to quantity, bone formation was significantly higher in RIA constructs without or with stimulation with 0.1 µg/mL BMP-7, compared with BMSC constructs. We found no significant differences between constructs stimulated with 1 µg/mL BMP-7. In the RIA group, we observed a significant increase in bone formation after stimulation with 0.1 µg/mL BMP-7. No significant change could be found using a higher concentration. In the BMSC group, we detected a significant increase when using 0.1 µg/mL and 1 µg/mL BMP-7. Conclusions RIA material is a source of MSCs with high osteogenic potential. Our results showed that stimulation by BMP-7 leads to an increased osteogenic potential of MSCs. In this respect, RIA-MSCs reacted more sensitively than BMSCs.
À quelles conditions une philosophie « quasi-transcendantale » est-elle possible ?
Authors: Tinland Olivier 
Published: December 2016

Dans cet article, je me propose de clarifier la manière dont Jürgen Habermas utilise le terme « quasi-transcendantal » dans l’ensemble de son oeuvre. Examinant successivement le projet épistémologique de Connaissance et intérêt, l’élaboration de l’« éthique de la discussion » et le « tournant pragmatiste » des dernières oeuvres, j’entends montrer que Habermas, loin d’abandonner une telle manière ambiguë (voire contradictoire) de réactualiser le projet kantien, a tenté, tout au long de son évolution philosophique, de trouver une formulation cohérente de la tension entre la contingence empirique des contextes sociaux de la vie humaine et la nécessité contrefactuelle des prétentions universelles à la vérité et à la validité normative.