bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross‐sectional study showed psychosocial variables, gender and family involvement played an important role in an adolescent weight management programme
Authors: Prioste Ana , Fonseca Helena , Sousa Pedro , Gaspar Pedro , Machado Maria do Céu 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the psychosocial gains perceived by overweight adolescents attending a 12‐week weight management programme and to analyse gender‐specific differences.MethodsA quantitative cross‐sectional study was conducted with a sample of 70 overweight adolescents aged between 12 and 18 (52.9% girls), evaluated at baseline and at week 12 using anthropometric measurements and self‐reported questionnaires. We analysed gender‐specific differences related to body self‐esteem, social life, relationships with their family, physical comfort, health responsibility, perceived benefits of the intervention, self‐efficacy and adherence. We further investigated whether the variables at week 12 would predict changes in their body mass index.ResultsWhile weight had a greater impact on the body self‐esteem of girls, both at baseline and week 12, boys reported higher self‐efficacy and adherence as well as a greater perception of the benefits of the intervention at week 12. The body mass index change was positively associated with body self‐esteem, relationships within the family and self‐efficacy and adherence.ConclusionGender specifics and the role of psychosocial variables must be taken into account during weight management programmes for adolescents, and it is important to include the family throughout the entire process.
Optimisation of combi‐lipases from Aspergillus niger for the synergistic and efficient hydrolysis of soybean oil
Authors: Qiao Hanzhen , Zhang Fei , Guan Wutai , Zuo Jianjun , Feng Dingyuan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe enzymatic properties of four lipases (A, B, C and D) from different strains of Aspergillus niger, were investigated, and a 3‐factor mixture design and triangular surface analysis were performed to screen the optimal combi‐lipase by observing synergistic effects. Lipases B and D differed in optimal pH, temperature and substrate specificity. A combi‐lipase with 31.2% lipase B and 68.8% lipase D (w/w, equal to units of 30.36% and 69.64%) exhibited optimal hydrolytic activity on soybean oil, which exceeded the sum of the combined activities of individual lipases (P < 0.05). Free fatty acid from the hydrolyzed soybean oil indicated that the synergistic effect of the combi‐lipase resulted from the different fatty acid specificities of the two lipases. Overall, combi‐lipase afforded an effective route for the application of lipase enzymes to animal feeds.
Understanding the role of new systemic agents in the treatment of prostate cancer
Authors: Corfield Julia , Crozier Jack , Joshua Anthony M , Bolton Damien M. , Lawrentschuk Nathan 
Published: October 2016

ObjectivesTo examine the current literature and identify key consensus findings from the available studies to better educate urologists and medical oncologists on agents used in the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer (mPC).MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of the available literature on reported trials of systemic therapies for mPC. Two search terms were used: ‘metastatic prostate cancer’ and ‘treatment’.ResultsA variety of agents have demonstrated improved overall survival in patients with mPC. Twenty recently documented trials were reported in the literature with a focus on enzalutamide, abiraterone acetate, docetaxel and other newer agents. These studies were grouped based on patient populations.ConclusionThe increasing number of high‐quality clinical trials, with overlapping patient populations has made defining the correct therapy for men with mPC challenging for urologists and medical oncologists. The data suggests that the optimal sequence of drugs is not only unknown but also not necessarily the same for each patient. As such, we suggest a more individualized approach to the treatment of prostate cancer depending on patient and disease factors.
Application of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire Added Value Score in evaluating the effectiveness of Functional Family Therapy within local authority social work services
Authors: Marshall John , Hamilton Russell , Cairns Nicole 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundAs ‘Blueprints’ evidence‐based programmes, such as Functional Family Therapy (FFT), originating from the United States, are increasingly implemented in Social Work services, the importance of assessing their effectiveness in a UK context is crucial. To do this, it is not always practical for services to commission randomised control trials or quasi‐experimental control trials. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) Added Value Score has been shown to have utility in the evaluation of intervention programmes by controlling for regression to the mean, attenuation and the shifting nature of most childhood psychopathology.MethodThe SDQ Added Value Score was used to assess the effectiveness of FFT in two local authorities in Scotland. One hundred and sixty‐four families who had finished FFT completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, the Outcome Questionnaire and the Client Outcome Measure at pre‐ and postintervention.ResultsBoth parents' and adolescents' average psychosocial distress scores significantly decreased on all measures after FFT and many of the scores postintervention fell to a range equivalent with the general population. Furthermore, calculation of the SDQ Added Value Score indicated that adolescents' mean total difficulties scores were lower following FFT than what would have been expected had this intervention not been received, producing an effect size that compares favourably to other interventions.ConclusionsFunctional Family Therapy has been identified as an effective intervention for improving the psychosocial functioning of high‐risk adolescents and their families.
Identifying research priorities with nurses at a tertiary children's hospital in the United Kingdom
Authors: Williams A. , Sell D. , Oulton K. , Wilson N. , Wray J. , Gibson F. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAimThe objective of this study was to undertake a research priority setting exercise with the aim of maximizing efficiency and impact in research activity undertaken by nurses at one children's tertiary healthcare institution by ensuring the clinical staff directly shaped a coherent, transparent and consensus driven nurse‐led research agenda.BackgroundIn Round 1, the research topics of 147 nurses were elicited using a modified nominal group technique as the consensus method. The number of participants in the 24 separate discussions ranged from 3 to 21, generating lists of between 6 and 23 topics. In Round 2, nurses from the clinical areas ranked topics of importance resulting in a set of four to five priorities. In Round 3, the divisional heads of nursing consulted with staff in all of their clinical areas to each finalize their five divisional priorities. The Nursing Research Working Group discussed and refined the divisions' priorities and voted on the final list to agree the top five research priorities for the organization.ResultsA total of 269 research topics were initially generated. Following three rounds of ranking and prioritizing, five priorities were agreed at Divisional level, and from these, the five top organizational priorities were selected. These were (i) understanding and improving all aspects of the patient journey through the hospital system; (ii) play; (iii) staff wellbeing, patient care and productivity; (iv) team work – linking to a more efficient service; and (v) supporting parents/parent pathway.ConclusionsDivisional priorities have been disseminated widely to clinical teams to inform a patient‐specific nurse‐led research agenda. Organizational priorities agreed upon have been disseminated through management structures and processes to ensure engagement at all levels. A subgroup of the Nursing Research Working Group has been delegated to take this work forward so that the agreed priorities continue to contribute towards shaping nurse‐led research activity, thereby going some way to inform and embed an evidence‐based culture of inquiry.
Vertical augmentation of the posterior atrophic mandible by interpositional grafts in a split‐mouth design: a human tomography evaluation pilot study
Authors: Domingues Eduardo Pinheiro , Ribeiro Rafael Fernandes , Horta Martinho Campolina Rebello , Manzi Flávio Ricardo , Côsso Maurício Greco , Zenóbio Elton Gonçalves 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObjectiveUsing computed tomography, to compare vertical and volumetric bone augmentation after interposition grafting with bovine bone mineral matrix (GEISTLICH BIO‐OSS®) or hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate (STRAUMANN® BONECERAMIC) for atrophic posterior mandible reconstruction through segmental osteotomy.Material and methodsSeven patients received interposition grafts in the posterior mandible for implant rehabilitation. The computed tomography cone beam images were analysed with OsiriX Imaging Software 6.5 (Pixmeo Geneva, Switzerland) in the pre‐surgical period (T0), at 15 days post‐surgery (T1) and at 180 days post‐surgery (T2). The tomographic analysis was performed by a single trained and calibrated radiologist. Descriptive statistics and nonparametric methods were used to analyse the data.ResultsThere was a significant difference in vertical and volume augmentation with both biomaterials using the technique (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in volume change of the graft, bone volume augmentation, or augmentation of the maximum linear vertical distance between the two analysed biomaterials.ConclusionsThe GEISTLICH BIO‐OSS® and STRAUMANN® BONECERAMIC interposition grafts exhibited similar and sufficient dimensional stability and volume gain for short implants in the atrophic posterior mandible.
Diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging for residual and recurrent cholesteatoma: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Muzaffar J. , Metcalfe C. , Colley S. , Coulson C. 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundDiagnosis and management of recurrent or residual cholesteatoma can be problematic. Diffusion‐weighted imaging magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences have been used for follow‐up of such lesions. More recent non‐echoplanar imaging (non‐EPI) sequences are thought to be superior to older echoplanar imaging (EPI) sequences.Objective of reviewEvaluate whether diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging is useful in the diagnosis of recurrent or residual cholesteatoma.Type of reviewSystematic review and meta‐analysis.Search strategyMEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science and the Cochrane Database were searched, with no limits on date or language.Study SelectionAdults or children who had previously undergone tympanomastoid surgery by any method with confirmation of recurrence/residual disease by second‐look/revision surgery.Evaluation methodsTwo reviewers independently reviewed studies. Data extracted on 11 domains and rechecked.Data synthesisStatistical analysis with SPSS.ResultsA total of 575 studies were identified of which 27 met the inclusion criteria. These covered 727 patient episodes. For EPI studies: sensitivity (sd) 71.82 (24.5), specificity (sd) 89.36 (13.4), PPV (sd) 93.36 (8.1) and NPV (sd) 73.36 (15.8). For non‐EPI studies: sensitivity 89.79 (12.1), specificity (sd) 94.57 (5.8), PPV (sd) 96.50 (4.2) and NPV 80.46 (20.2). Improved sensitivity of non‐EPI sequences reached significance (P = 0.02).ConclusionsDiffusion‐weighted MRI is both sensitive and specific for the detection of recurrent or residual cholesteatoma following ear surgery. Non‐EPI techniques are superior to EPI techniques.
Associations between lifestyle factors and hand eczema severity: are tobacco smoking, obesity and stress significantly linked to eczema severity?
Authors: Sørensen Jennifer A. , Fisker Maja H. , Agner Tove , Clemmensen Kim K. B. , Ebbehøj Niels E. 
Published: October 2016

SummaryBackgroundIt has been suggested that lifestyle factors such as smoking, overweight and stress may influence the prevalence and severity of hand eczema.ObjectivesTo investigate the association between lifestyle factors and hand eczema severity in a cohort of patients with work‐related hand eczema.MethodsIndividuals with work‐related hand eczema notified in the period between June 2012 and November 2013 were included in this questionnaire‐based cross‐sectional study. Participants responded to a questionnaire including questions on lifestyle factors, as well as a photographic guide for assessment of severity of hand eczema and questions on quality of life.ResultsA total of 773 individuals (546 women and 227 men) responded to the questionnaire and were included in the study. A strong association was found between tobacco smoking and hand eczema severity (p = 0.003), whereas no significant association was found for body weight and stress. Other factors linked to severe eczema were male sex and older age (p = 0.04 and p = 0.01, respectively), and wet work (p = 0.08).ConclusionThe data from the present study strongly support an association between smoking and hand eczema severity. However, owing to the cross‐sectional design of the study, no conclusion on causation can be drawn.
Occupational dermatitis in hairdressers – influence of individual and environmental factors
Authors: Carøe Tanja K. , Ebbehøj Niels E. , Agner Tove 
Published: October 2016

SummaryBackgroundHairdressers are at risk of developing occupational contact dermatitis because of their intense contact with wet work in combination with chemicals.ObjectivesTo perform an analysis of a cohort study of hairdressers with occupational contact dermatitis recognized in the period 2006–2011, focusing on individual and environmental factors associated with the disease.MethodsThe study was a descriptive, register‐based survey including all hairdressers with recognized occupational contact dermatitis in Denmark in the period January 2006 to September 2011. Data were obtained from the Danish National Board of Industrial Injuries.ResultsThe study comprised 381 patients (373 women and 8 men). The median age was 25 years, 64.8% were apprentices, and 35.2% were fully trained hairdressers. The prevalence of atopic dermatitis was 36.0%, and was significantly higher among apprentices than among fully trained hairdressers (44.9% and 19.4%, respectively) (p < 0.001). Of the patients, 48.3% had their dermatitis recognized as occupational irritant contact dermatitis, 46.7% had their dermatitis recognized as as occupational allergic contact dermatitis or combined allergic and irritant contact dermatitis, and 5.0% were recognized as having occupational contact urticaria.ConclusionThe low median age, the high percentages of atopic dermatitis in apprentices and the fact that more apprentices than fully trained hairdressers had recognized occupational contact dermatitis underlines the importance of early prevention.
Protected areas and spatial conservation priorities for endemic vertebrates of the Gran Chaco, one of the most threatened ecoregions of the world
Authors: Nori Javier , Torres Ricardo , Lescano Julián N. , Cordier Javier M. , Periago Maria E. , Baldo Diego 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAimTo evaluate the representativeness of the current network of protected areas (PAs) of one of the most threatened ecoregions in the world, the South American Gran Chaco, and determine priority conservation areas for endemic (and nearly endemic) terrestrial vertebrates of the region.LocationSouth America.MethodsWe identified all those amphibians, mammals and birds whose distributions were at least 70% within the Gran Chaco. Then, we refined and corrected species’ distributional ranges, first, using records from collections and expert knowledge, and second, by incorporating environmental and topographic data using a technique for range polygon refinement. Lastly, we used Zonation, a spatial conservation prioritization software, to evaluate representativeness of the current protected areas (PAs) network of the region and to define forest remnants to strategically expand PAs while maximizing the representativeness of the selected groups and considering human activities.ResultsCurrent PAs cover 9% of the region and represent 9.1% of the total distribution of endemic species. Considering our prioritization, increasing the coverage to 17% to match the Aichi targets would substantially increase the representativeness of the PA network, covering on average more than 30% of the ranges of all endemic species and 77% of the distributions of threatened and DD endemic species.Main conclusionsOur results highlight that the need for well‐informed decisions in the Gran Chaco is imperative. While the current PA network in the region ensures a very poor representation of endemic terrestrial vertebrates, opportunities to efficiently expand the PAs network are really high. This emphasizes the potential of complementarity‐based systematic conservation planning tools as an essential support for conservation decisions. Given the great information gaps regarding biodiversity and human activities in the region, similar studies with updated data would improve conservation planning in the Gran Chaco in the future.
Pharmacological properties of faster‐acting insulin aspart vs insulin aspart in patients with type 1 diabetes receiving continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion: A randomized, double‐blind, crossover trial
Authors: Heise Tim , Zijlstra Eric , Nosek Leszek , Rikte Tord , Haahr Hanne 
Published: October 2016

AimTo evaluate the pharmacological characteristics of faster‐acting insulin aspart (faster aspart) compared with insulin aspart (IAsp) during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII).MethodsIn this randomized, double‐blind, crossover trial, 48 men and women aged 18 to 64 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) received faster aspart and IAsp as a 0.15 U/kg bolus dose via CSII, on top of a basal rate (0.02 U/kg/h), in a glucose clamp setting (target 5.5 mmol/L).ResultsAfter a CSII bolus dose, the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profiles for faster aspart were left‐shifted compared with those for IAsp. For faster aspart vs IAsp, the early glucose‐lowering effect (area under the curve for glucose infusion rate [GIR]0‐30min) was approximately 2‐fold higher (least squares means 24.9 vs 11.4 mg/kg; estimated ratio faster aspart/IAsp 2.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.33; 5.04]; P = .002), onset of glucose‐lowering effect (time to early 50% of maximum GIR) occurred 11.1 minutes earlier (41.1 vs 52.3 minutes; 95% CI faster aspart – IAsp [−15.4; −6.9]; P<.001), and offset of glucose‐lowering effect (time to late 50% of maximum GIR) occurred 24.0 minutes earlier (214.7 vs 238.7 minutes; 95% CI [−38.9; −9.1]; P=.002). Likewise, significantly greater early exposure and significantly earlier onset and offset of exposure were observed for faster aspart vs IAsp. Faster aspart and IAsp were both well tolerated.ConclusionsIn patients with T1DM using CSII, faster aspart better mimics the endogenous prandial insulin secretion and action than does IAsp. Faster aspart therefore has the potential to provide clinical benefits over current rapid‐acting insulins in the insulin pump setting.
The impact of China's imports on European Union industrial employment
Authors: Sertić Martina Basarac , Časni Anita Čeh , Vučković Valentina 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAs the EU's biggest supplier of imported goods and a second trading partner, China has become an increasingly important actor on the global economic scene. This paper reports new evidence through analyzing whether the EU labour market is affected by exposure to imports from China. Drawing on a panel dataset of 27 EU countries, over the 2003–2013 period, and using the pooled mean group estimator, the results show that imports from China have a negative effect on industrial employment. This result holds separately for the all analyzed categories: all products, manufactured products as well as for the sub‐groups.
Birds at the Winter Feeder do not Recognize an Artificially Coloured Predator
Authors: Veselý Petr , Buršíková Markéta , Fuchs Roman 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIt is supposed that coloration may affect the recognition of predators by prey species; nevertheless, the significance of the coloration and its particular components in the recognition process remains unknown. We presented dummies of the European sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) with changed body coloration, but with all other typical features preserved (body size and shape, beak, eyes, legs), to great tits (Parus major) and blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) visiting a winter feeder. A pigeon (Columba livia f. domestica) dummy was used as a harmless control. Neither tit species showed passive avoidance in the presence of a dummy with an artificial, violet‐white chequered coloration. They obviously did not consider such an object to be a predator despite the presence of the raptor beak, eyes and talons. Sparrowhawk dummies with the coloration completely changed (altered with those of a harmless European robin) or with the typical colour feature removed (barred pattern on the underparts) were considered to be as dangerous as the unmodified sparrowhawk. We discuss the possibility that the effect of salient raptor‐like features such as beak shape, eye coloration, and leg and talons shape overwhelmed the effect of body coloration in these cases. Birds visiting the feeder probably were able to generalize the vigilance towards the sparrowhawk to other realistically coloured dummies, but not to the non‐natural dummy.
The role of notch tip shape and radius on deformation mechanisms of 12Cr1MoV steel under impact loading. Part 1. Energy parameters of fracture
Authors: Panin S. V. , Maruschak P. O. , Vlasov I. V. , Moiseenko D. D. , Berto F. , Bishchak R. T. , Vinogradov A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractImpact loading curves and fracture energy of the notched 12Cr1MoV ductile steel specimens are analysed. The qualitative description and quantitative parameters are obtained for major stages of ductile and brittle fracture depending on the shape of the notch and the stress stiffness ahead. It was shown that a zone with enhanced plasticity forms in the vicinity of V‐, U‐ and I‐shaped notches at 20 °C testing temperature, giving rise to ductile fracture. The stress stiffness at the notch tip increased with testing temperature reduced to −40 °C. We demonstrated that the size of shear lips on a fracture surface is a quantitative characteristic of fracture. Using this approach, which is close by nature to non‐linear fracture mechanics, together with the quantitative description of fracture surfaces, a physical–mechanical scheme of the specimen fracture was suggested for the case of enhanced and localized (constrained) plasticity near the stress concentrator tip.