bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of candidates disclosing dyslexia with other candidates in a UK medical licensing examination: cross-sectional study
Authors: Asghar Zahid B , Siriwardena Aloysius Niroshan , Elfes Chris , Richardson Jo , Larcombe James , Neden Katherine A , Salim Amer , Smalley David , Blow Carol 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPurpose of the studyThe aim of this study was to compare performance of candidates who declared an expert-confirmed diagnosis of dyslexia with all other candidates in the Applied Knowledge Test (AKT) of the Membership of the Royal College of General Practitioners licensing examination.Study designWe used routinely collected data from candidates who took the AKT on one or more occasions between 2010 and 2015. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse performance of candidates who declared dyslexia with all other candidates, adjusting for candidate characteristics known to be associated with examination success including age, sex, ethnicity, country of primary medical qualification, stage of training, number of attempts and time spent completing the test.ResultsThe analysis included data from 14 examinations involving 14 801 candidates of which 2.6% (379/14 801) declared dyslexia. The pass rate for candidates who declared dyslexia was 83.6% compared with 95.0% for other candidates. After adjusting for covariates linked to examination success including age, sex, ethnicity, country of primary medical qualification, stage of training, number of attempts and time spent completing the test dyslexia was not significantly associated with pass rates in the AKT. Candidates declaring dyslexia after initially failing the AKT were more likely to have a primary medical qualification outside the UK.ConclusionsPerformance was similar in AKT candidates disclosing dyslexia with other candidates once covariates associated with examination success were adjusted for. Candidates declaring dyslexia after initially failing the AKT were more likely to have a primary medical qualification outside the UK.
Relation Between Firing Statistics of Spiking Neuron with Delayed Fast Inhibitory Feedback and Without Feedback
Authors: Vidybida Alexander , Shchur Olha 
Published: January 2018

We consider a class of spiking neuronal models, defined by a set of conditions typical for basic threshold-type models, such as the leaky integrate-and-fire or the binding neuron model and also for some artificial neurons. A neuron is fed with a Poisson process. Each output impulse is applied to the neuron itself after a finite delay [Formula: see text]. This impulse acts as being delivered through a fast Cl-type inhibitory synapse. We derive a general relation which allows calculating exactly the probability density function (pdf) [Formula: see text] of output interspike intervals of a neuron with feedback based on known pdf [Formula: see text] for the same neuron without feedback and on the properties of the feedback line (the [Formula: see text] value). Similar relations between corresponding moments are derived.Furthermore, we prove that the initial segment of pdf [Formula: see text] for a neuron with a fixed threshold level is the same for any neuron satisfying the imposed conditions and is completely determined by the input stream. For the Poisson input stream, we calculate that initial segment exactly and, based on it, obtain exactly the initial segment of pdf [Formula: see text] for a neuron with feedback. That is the initial segment of [Formula: see text] is model-independent as well. The obtained expressions are checked by means of Monte Carlo simulation. The course of [Formula: see text] has a pronounced peculiarity, which makes it impossible to approximate [Formula: see text] by Poisson or another simple stochastic process.
Prevention and Management of Antineoplastic Extravasation Injury
Authors: Mullin Shantel , Beckwith M. Christina , Tyler Linda S. 
Published: January 2018

Goal The goal of this program is to inform the participant of practical ways to prevent, identify, and manage the extravasation of anti-neoplastic agents. Objectives At the completion of this program the participant will be able to: 1. List antineoplastic agents known to be vesicants or irritants. 2. Identify the signs and symptoms of extravasation injury. 3. Recommend a procedure for the safe administration of vesicant medications. 4. Describe the appropriate management of antineoplastic-induced extravasation injury.
Quinupristin/Dalfopristin
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Baker Danial E. , Levien Terri 
Published: January 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary® Monograph Service receive five to six researched monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. The monographs are published in printed form and on diskettes that allow customization. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board called The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X). All topics pertinent to clinical pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The February 2000 Formulary monographs are on gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, levetiracetam, aspirin/extended-release dipyridamole, and aminolevulinic acid HCl. The DUE is on gatifloxacin.
This CE is published through an unrestricted educational grant from Bristol-Myers Squibb
Authors: Chandramouli Jane , Tyler Linda S , Hoffman Jennifer M. 
Published: January 2018

Credit This lesson is good for 0.2 CE units, with a passing grade of 70%. Goal The goal of this program is to inform the participant about common types of malignant gliomas and to discuss new treatment modalities. Objectives At the completion of this program the participant will be able to: 1. Identify the standard types of treatment for primary brain tumors 2. Explain the pharmacology of temozolomide and irinotecan 3. List the most common adverse effects associated with temozolomide and irinotecan 4. Determine appropriate monitoring and provide dosing adjustments
Making it Easier for Nurses to Identify Patients before Administering Medications Cafcit Label Easy to Misread Preventing Misunderstandings When Accepting Oral Requests for Drug Information Caution: 30 mL Vials of Topical and Injectable Adrenalin are Nearly Identical
Authors: Cohen Michael R. 
Published: January 2018

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again—perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them in your inservice training programs. Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the USP Medication Errors Reporting Program, which is presented in cooperation with the Institute of Safe Medication Practices. If you have encountered medication errors and would like to report them, you may call USP toll-free, 24 hours a day, at 1-800-233-7767 (1-800-23-ERROR). Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writer's names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below.
Linezolid
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Baker Danial E. , Levien Terri 
Published: January 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary® Monograph Service receive five to six researched monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. The monographs are published in printed form and on diskettes that allow customization. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board called The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X). All topics pertinent to clinical pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The September 2000 Formulary monographs are tegaserod, insulin aspart, tiptorelin pamoate, ziconotide, and bexarotene gel. The DUE is on low-molecular weight heparins and heparinoid.
Tenecteplase
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Baker Danial E. , Levien Terri 
Published: January 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary® Monograph Service receive five to six researched monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. The monographs are published in printed form and on diskettes that allow customization. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board called The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X). All topics pertinent to clinical pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The October 2000 Formulary monographs are argatroban, tinzaparin sodium, balsalazide, methylphenidate extended-release tablets, and eflornithine hydrochloride cream. The DUE is on argatroban.
Impact of a Drug Information Service: Practitioner Hours Saved
Authors: Marrone Christopher M. , Heck Amy M. 
Published: January 2018

Objective To determine the workload and impact of a drug information (DI) inquiry service by measuring the number of Practitioner Hours Saved (PHS) and the associated monetary value. Methods During a 3-month study period, the time required to respond to DI requests was recorded to determine the PHS for all questions. Total PHS by practitioner type was determined and then totaled for all questions. Economic impact was estimated by multiplying PHS by the requesting practitioner's salary. Results A total of 308 responses were included in the 3-month study period analysis, which represented 266 PHS. This time-savings represented an estimated economic impact of $10,987, which can be extrapolated to $43,950 for a 1-year period. Conclusions PHS can be used to show the estimated value of one service component provided by a DI service to the health care system. It is a good measure of estimated practitioner time-savings provided by use of DI services and can be used to record workload statistics.
This CE is published through an unrestricted educational grant from Bristol-Myers Squibb
Authors: Beckwith M. Christina , Mullin Shantei 
Published: January 2018

Credit This lesson is good for 0.2 CE units, with a passing grade of 70%. Goal The goal of this program is to inform the participant of costeffective ways to prevent, identify, and manage nausea and vomiting induced by antineoplastic agents. Objectives At the completion of this program the participant will be able to: 1. List antineoplastic agents associated with a high incidence of nausea and vomiting. 2. Identify patient-specific risk factors for developing chemotherapyinduced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and how these factors may influence treatment of this syndrome. 3. Compare the three major types of CINV, including the pathophysiologic mechanism, time of onset, and symptom duration of each type. 4. Explain the mechanism of action and appropriate place in therapy for each type of antiemetic agent. 5. Differentiate between pharmacologic regimens for the prevention and treatment of CINV in adults. 6. Identify drug-specific factors that must be considered in developing a formulary management strategy for the antiemetic agents. 7. Describe specific information that the pharmacist can share with patients to help them understand and manage CINV.
Intranasal Lidocaine: Migraine Headaches
Authors: Generali Joyce , Cada Dennis J. 
Published: January 2018

Off-Label Drug Uses This Hospital Pharmacy feature is extracted from Off-Label DrugFacts, a quarterly publication available from Facts and Comparisons. Off-Label DrugFacts is a practitioner-oriented resource for information about specific FDA-unapproved drug uses. This new guide to the literature will enable the health care professional/clinician to quickly identify published studies on off-label uses and to determine if a specific use is rational in a patient care scenario. The most relevant data are provided in tabular form so that the reader can easily identify the scope of information available. A summary of the data—including, background, study design, patient population, dosage information, therapy duration, results, safety, and therapeutic considerations—precedes each table of published studies. Finally, references direct the reader to the full literature for more comprehensive information prior to patient care decisions.
Sodium Phosphate Monobasic Monohydrate, USP and Sodium Phosphate Anhydrous, USP
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Levien Terri , Baker Danial E. 
Published: January 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary® Monograph Service receive five to six researched monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. The monographs are published in printed form and on diskettes that allow customization. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board called The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X). All topics pertinent to clinical pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The March 2001 Formulary monographs are nateglinide, bivalirudin, caspofun-gin, tositumomab, and omalizumab. The DUE is on meperidine.
Caspofungin
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Levien Terri , Baker Danial E. 
Published: January 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary® Monograph Service receive five to six researched monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. The monographs are published in printed form and on diskettes that allow customization. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board called The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X). All topics pertinent to clinical pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The May 2001 Formulary monographs are on formoterol fumarate, esomepra-zole, galantamine, valganciclovir, and travoprost. The DUE is on formoterol fumarate.
Famotidine: Prevention of Paclitaxel Hypersensitivity Reactions
Authors: Generali Joyce , Cada Dennis J. 
Published: January 2018

Off-Label Drug Uses This Hospital Pharmacy feature is extracted from Off-Label DrugFacts, a quarterly publication available from Facts and Comparisons. Off-Label DrugFacts is a practitioner-oriented resource for information about specific FDA-unapproved drug uses. This new guide to the literature will enable the health care professional/clinician to quickly identify published studies on off-label uses and to determine if a specific use is rational in a patient care scenario. The most relevant data are provided in tabular form so that the reader can easily identify the scope of information available. A summary of the data—including, background, study design, patient population, dosage information, therapy duration, results, safety, and therapeutic considerations—precedes each table of published studies. References direct the reader to the full literature for more comprehensive information prior to patient care decisions. Direct questions or comments on “Off-Label Drug Uses” to hospitalpharmacy@drugfacts.com .
Using Acetylcysteine to Prevent Radiographic-Contrast-Media-Induced Nephropathy in a Patient with Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: Burns Kevin E. 
Published: January 2018

Clinical Pearls Each of these special features conveys an idea, concept, or fact that may be useful in your pharmaceutical practice, but may not be widely known, published, or taught. An 84-year-old male with a history of chronic renal failure secondary to nephrectomy and chronic hypertension was admitted for elective coronary angiography following complaints of midsternal chest pain and an abnormal thallium stress test. The patient was found to have other risk factors for radiographic-contrast-media-induced nephropathy, including hyponatremia and hypoalbuminemia. Mild volume expansion was initiated and acetylcysteine 600 mg was administered orally every 12 hours on the day before the procedure. The patient's baseline serum creatinine was found to be 2 mg/dL. A total of 125 mL of nonionic, low-osmolality contrast media was infused during the procedure. An additional two doses of acetylcysteine 600 mg were administered on the day of the procedure. The patient's recovery was uneventful and he was discharged. The postprocedure serum creatinine was stable at 2 mg/dL 48 hours after the procedure. It appears that orally administered acetylcysteine can prevent radiographic-contrast-media-induced nephropathy.
Lovastatin: Extended-Interval (Alternate-Day) Dosing
Authors: Generali Joyce , Cada Dennis J. 
Published: January 2018

Off-Label Drug Uses This Hospital Pharmacy feature is extracted from Off-Label DrugFacts, a quarterly publication available from Facts and Comparisons. Off-Label DrugFacts is a practitioner-oriented resource for information about specific FDA-unapproved drug uses. This new guide to the literature will enable the health care professional/clinician to quickly identify published studies on off-label uses and to determine if a specific use is rational in a patient care scenario. The most relevant data are provided in tabular form so that the reader can easily identify the scope of information available. A summary of the data—including, background, study design, patient population, dosage information, therapy duration, results, safety, and therapeutic considerations—precedes each table of published studies. references direct the reader to the full literature for more comprehensive information prior to patient care decisions. Direct questions or comments on “Off-Label Drug Uses” to hospitalpharmacy@drugfacts.com .
Ambiguous Argatroban Labeling on Cartons and Vials Could Lead to Errors/Tracking “Missing” Medications to Learn Why a Dose was Omitted/Look-alike Containers of Nimbex (Cisatracurium Besylate) Injection
Authors: Cohen Michael R. 
Published: January 2018

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again—perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them in your inservice training programs. Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the USP Medication Errors Reporting Program, which is presented in cooperation with the Institute for Safe Medication Practices. If you have encountered medication errors and would like to report them, you may call USP toll-free, 24 hours a day, at 1-800-233-7767 (1-800-23-ERROR). Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers' names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below.
Confusion between Adult and Pediatric Hepatitis B Vaccines Rifater and Rifadin Mix-Up PEG-Intron Package Label Change in the Works
Authors: Cohen Michael R. 
Published: January 2018

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again—perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them in your inservice training programs. Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the USP Medication Errors Reporting Program, which is presented in cooperation with the Institute for Safe Medication Practices. If you have encountered medication errors and would like to report them, you may call USP toll-free, 24 hours a day, at 1-800-233-7767 (1-800-23-ERROR). Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers' names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below.
Alteplase
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Levien Terri , Baker Danial E. 
Published: January 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary® Monograph Service receive five to six well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. The monographs are published in printed form and on diskettes that allow customization. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board, The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X). All topics pertinent to clinical and hospital pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The February 2002 Formulary monograph topics are drotrecogin alfa, ertapenem, anakinra, bosentan, and valdecoxib. The DUE is on ertapenem.