bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting spamming activities in twitter based on deep‐learning technique
Authors: Wu Tingmin , Wen Sheng , Liu Shigang , Zhang Jun , Xiang Yang , Alrubaian Majed , Hassan Mohammad Mehedi 
Published: June 2017

SummaryTwitter spam has long been a critical but difficult problem to be addressed. So far, researchers have developed a series of machine learning–based methods and blacklisting techniques to detect spamming activities on Twitter. According to our investigation, current methods and techniques have achieved the accuracy of around 87%. However, because of the problems of spam drift and information fabrication, these machine learning–based methods cannot efficiently detect spam activities in real‐life scenarios. Meanwhile, the blacklisting method also cannot catch up with the variations of spamming activities, as manually inspecting suspicious URLs is extremely timeconsuming. In this paper, we proposed a novel technique based on deep‐learning technique to address the above challenges. The syntax of each tweet will be learned through WordVector and trained by deep learning. We then constructed a binary classifier to differentiate spam and regular tweets. In experiments, we collected and labeled a 10‐day real tweet dataset as ground truth to evaluate our proposed method. We first went for empirical analysis with a series of comparisons to other methods: (1) performance of different classifiers, (2) other existing text‐based methods, and (3) nontext‐based detection techniques. According to the experiment results, our proposed method largely outperformed previous methods. We further conducted principle component analysis on typical methods to theoretically justify the outperformance of our method. We extracted all kinds of features via dimensionality reduction. It was found that our features were most distinct among all the detection methods. This well demonstrated the outperformance of our method.
Research on trend prediction and evaluation of network public opinion
Authors: Chen Xue Gang , Duan Sheng , Wang Lu‐da 
Published: June 2017

SummaryNetwork public opinion can reflect social and political attitude of people, and it is very important that we study trend prediction and evaluation of network public opinion, which can provide decision making for managers. Aiming at lacking in trend prediction and evaluation of network public opinion, the attributes of monitoring index system of network public opinion are reduced using rough set theory, and construct a more scientific monitoring index system of network public opinion combined with the real life, determine the weight of the index using the analytic hierarchy process, and present a novel method of trend prediction and evaluation of network public opinion on the basis of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model from the aspects of the quantitative and qualitative. Example analysis shows that this method is simple and easy to implement. It helps to provide a new theory and practice guidance for trend prediction and risk evaluation of online network public opinion.
Synthesis of two new orthoborates KBaPr(BO3)2 and KBaNd(BO3)2
Authors: Kononova N.G. , Shevchenko V.S. , Kokh A.E. , Bolatov A.K. , Uralbekov B.M. , Burkitbayev M.M. , Abdullin Kh. A. 
Published: June 2017

Two new rare‐earth orthoborates KBaPr(BO3)2 and KBaNd(BO3)2 were synthesized using a two‐step solid‐state reaction, both of them are stable in the temperature range 850–1000°C. KBaNd(BO3)2 and KBaPr(BO3)2 show incongruent melting at 1019°С and 1005°С, respectively. Prepared compounds crystallize in the trigonal system with space group Rm with cell parameters of а = 5.5052(12) Å, с = 18.402(8) Å, Z = 3 for KBaPr(BO3)2 and cell parameters of а = 5.4956(5) Å, с = 18.278(3) Å, Z = 3 for KBaNd(BO3)2. These new borates continue the previously described line of isostructural three‐cation orthoborates KBaY(BO3)2 and KBaR(BO3)2, by R = Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu. The identity of the intensity and position of the bands in the IR spectra confirm that these compounds are isostructural and have high degree of homogeneity. A red emission centered at 700–740 nm under UV excitation was observed for synthesized KBaPr(BO3)2 powder.
Metastatic tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma masquerading as a pancreatic cystic tumor and diagnosed by EUS‐guided FNA
Authors: Glass Ryan , Andrawes Sherif A. , Hamele‐Bena Diane , Tong Guo‐Xia 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMetastatic carcinoma to the pancreas is uncommon and head and neck squamous carcinoma metastatic to the pancreas is extremely rare. Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma to the pancreas presents a unique diagnostic challenge: in addition to mimicking the rare primary squamous cell carcinoma of the pancreas based on cytologic, histologic, and immunohistochemical features, it may be mistaken for a cystic neoplasm of the pancreas because of its high predilection for cystic degeneration in metastatic sites. Herein, we report a case of tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma with a cystic pancreatic metastasis diagnosed by ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (EUS‐FNA). This represents a third reported case of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma to the pancreas from the head and neck region. Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of EUS‐FNA during evaluation of pancreatic cystic lesion.
Deconstructing the landscape of fear in stable multi‐species societies
Authors: Martínez A. E. , Parra E. , Collado L. F. , Vredenburg V. T. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAnimal distributions are influenced by variation in predation risk in space, which has been described as the “landscape of fear.” Many studies suggest animals also reduce predation risk by eavesdropping on heterospecific alarm calls, allowing them to occupy otherwise risky habitats. One unexplored area of study is understanding how different species’ alarms vary in quality, and how this variation is distributed in the landscape. We tested this phenomenon in a unique system of avian mixed species flocks in Amazonian rainforests: flock mates (eavesdropping species) strongly associate with alarm‐calling antshrikes (genusThamnomanes), which act as sentinel species. Up to 70 species join these flocks, presumably following antshrike behavioral cues. Since flocks in this region of the Amazon are exclusively led by a single antshrike species, this provides a unique natural system to compare differences in sentinel quality between flocks. We simulated predation threat by flying three species of live trained raptors (predators) towards flocks to compare sentinel probability to (1) produce alarm calls, and (2) encode information about magnitude and type of threat within such alarm calls. Our field experiments show significant differences in the probability of different sentinel species to produce alarm calls and distinguish predators. This variation may have important fitness consequences and shape the “landscape of fear” for eavesdropping species.
Generalised formulation of composite filters and their application to earthquake engineering test systems
Authors: Stoten David Paul 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThis paper addresses the problem of generating unmeasured kinetic data—and/or providing improvements in existing data—for the enhancement of performance characteristics of earthquake engineering test systems, such as shaking tables, reaction walls and other custom‐made test rigs. The approach relies upon the use of composite filters (CF), a method of data fusion that was originally conceived via transfer function formulation. The current work generalises the CF concept and extends its formulation into the state‐space domain, thereby providing a wider basis for application to test systems and their controllers, including those of a multivariable (coupled, multi‐axis) nature.Comparative simulation studies of shaking table control are presented that demonstrate the design techniques for state‐space CF and also their effectiveness for signal synthesis, noise suppression and performance improvement. Specific examples include the use of CF for displacement demand signal generation, velocity feedback generation and acceleration control. In each case, the essential principles behind CF—output signals with zero bias and zero drift—are consistently upheld. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin is expressed in human corneal stromal cells and secreted upon protease‐activated receptor 1 activation
Authors: Yin Hongbo , Tian Yan , Luo Rongying , Deng Yingping 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an interleukin‐7 (IL‐7) like cytokine that triggers inflammatory responses through activating dendritic cell. It is demonstrated to be involved in a number of disorders, including cancer, gastrointestinal diseases, and autoimmune diseases. In addition, TSLP is also found to be able to induce itch sensation by directly activating the itch sensory neurons. The expression of human TSLP is detected in various tissues such as heart, liver, testis, and prostate. In this study, we report that TSLP was expressed in the human corneal stromal cells, the highly specialized cells that are critical for the function of the cornea. Furthermore, we found that activation of the protease‐activated receptor 1 (PAR1) induced secretion of TSLP by the corneal stromal cells. Beside the canonical activator thrombin, PAR1 can also be activated by a few matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) such as MMP1 and MMP13. Since MMPs including MMP1 and MMP13 are upregulated in many corneal diseases as well as the corneal wound healing process, we proposed that TSLP might function as the link between increased protease activity and inflammatory responses or itch sensation in the corneas. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(8):606–610, 2017
UK consensus statement on the use of plerixafor to facilitate autologous peripheral blood stem cell collection to support high‐dose chemoradiotherapy for patients with malignancy
Authors: Douglas Kenneth W. , Gilleece Maria , Hayden Patrick , Hunter Hannah , Johnson Peter R. E. , Kallmeyer Charlotte , Malladi Ram K. , Paneesha Shankara , Pawson Rachel , Quinn Michael , Raj Kavita , Richardson Deborah , Robinson Stephen , Russell Nigel , Snowden John , Sureda Anna , Tholouli Eleni , Thomson Kirsty , Watts Mike , Wilson Keith M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPlerixafor is a CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR4) antagonist that mobilizes stem cells in the peripheral blood. It is indicated (in combination with granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor [G‐CSF]) to enhance the harvest of adequate quantities of cluster differentiation (CD) 34+ cells for autologous transplantation in patients with lymphoma or multiple myeloma whose cells mobilize poorly. Strategies for use include delayed re‐mobilization after a failed mobilization attempt with G‐CSF, and rescue or pre‐emptive mobilization in patients in whom mobilization with G‐CSF is likely to fail. Pre‐emptive use has the advantage that it avoids the need to re‐schedule the transplant procedure, with its attendant inconvenience, quality‐of‐life issues for the patient and cost of additional admissions to the transplant unit. UK experience from 2 major centers suggests that pre‐emptive plerixafor is associated with an incremental drug cost of less than £2000 when averaged over all patients undergoing peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplant. A CD34+ cell count of <15 µl−1 at the time of recovery after chemomobilization or after four days of G‐CSF treatment, or an apheresis yield of <1 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg on the first day of apheresis, could be used to predict the need for pre‐emptive plerixafor.
Last Glacial pollen–climate reconstructions from Northland, New Zealand
Authors: Newnham R.M. , Alloway B. V. , Holt K.A. , Butler K. , Rees A.B.H. , Wilmshurst J.M. , Dunbar G. , Hajdas I. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTDespite wide‐ranging interest in the vegetation and climate of Northland, New Zealand, during the last glacial cycle, the region and timeframe lack quantitative climate reconstructions while land‐based pollen records have tended to be poorly dated and fragmentary. The region is also important for geochronology due to the co‐occurrence of the Rotoehu tephra, a widely dispersed isochron near the current limits of radiocarbon dating, and extensive subfossil wood remains of Agathis australis, with strong dendrochronological and dendroclimatological potential. We present new pollen records and temperature reconstructions from three sites set in coastal dune belts from western mid‐Northland (∼35°S), all containing Rotoehu tephra, that collectively span the last 70 ka. The phases and amplitude of temperature changes broadly align with those reported from elsewhere in New Zealand and with marine isotope climate–stratigraphic records, including maximum temperature depression of 6–8 °C during the last glacial maximum. We argue that these climatic patterns are intimately linked to shifts in the southern westerly wind belt, the northern margins of which extend to the region today. Correspondence between the Northland temperature shifts and atmospheric CO2 supports the model of ocean–atmosphere CO2 flux modulated by latitudinal migration of the southern westerlies. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pressure‐induced Fermi resonance between fundamental modes in 7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane
Authors: Sun Chenglin , Zhao Hongliang , Liu Chunyu , Zhou Mi 
Published: June 2017

Herein, in‐situ high pressure Raman spectra of 7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) have been measured up to 10 GPa, and a first‐order phase transition was detected at about 2.3 GPa. An anharmonic coupling (Fermi resonance) between fundamental modes was observed. The relationship of Fermi resonance parameters (intensity ratio, coupling coefficient, frequency separation and frequency separation of unperturbed transition) with pressure was discussed. The frequency separation dominated the decay of the intensity ratio of Fermi resonance doublets, and this would be another character of anharmonic coupling between fundamental modes. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Targeted use of LEDs in improvement of production efficiency through phytochemical enrichment
Authors: Taulavuori Erja , Taulavuori Kari , Holopainen Jarmo K , Julkunen‐Tiitto Riitta , Acar Canan , Dincer Ibrahim 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBased on available literature, ecology and economy of light emitting diode (LED) lights in plant foods production were assessed and compared to high pressure sodium (HPS) and compact fluorescent light (CFL) lamps. The assessment summarises that LEDs are superior compared to other lamp types. LEDs are ideal in luminous efficiency, life span and electricity usage. Mercury, carbon dioxide and heat emissions are also lowest in comparison to HPS and CFL lamps. This indicates that LEDs are indeed economic and eco‐friendly lighting devices. The present review indicates also that LEDs have many practical benefits compared to other lamp types. In addition, they are applicable in many purposes in plant foods production. The main focus of the review is the targeted use of LEDs in order to enrich phytochemicals in plants. This is an expedient to massive improvement in production efficiency, since it diminishes the number of plants per phytochemical unit. Consequently, any other production costs (e.g. growing space, water, nutrient and transport) may be reduced markedly. Finally, 24 research articles published between 2013 and 2017 were reviewed for targeted use of LEDs in the specific, i.e. blue range (400–500 nm) of spectrum. The articles indicate that blue light is efficient in enhancing the accumulation of health beneficial phytochemicals in various species. The finding is important for global food production. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of dietary supplementation of red pepper (Schinus terebinthifoliusRaddi) essential oil on performance, small intestinal morphology and microbial counts of weanling pigs
Authors: Cairo Pedro Leon Gomes , Gois Franz Dias , Sbardella Maicon , Silveira Hebert , de Oliveira Roberto Maciel , Allaman Ivan Bezerra , Cantarelli Vinicius Souza , Costa Leandro Batista 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDMany strategies, such as the antibiotic growth promoters, have been developed to improve intestinal health and performance of newly weaned piglets. Natural products such as essential oils have been scientifically recognized as growth enhancer feed additives for weanling pigs, replacing the antibiotics. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that Brazilian red pepper could replace performance‐enhancing antibiotics also in weanling pig diets. However, one experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary Brazilian red pepper essential oil or antimicrobial growth promoter on intestinal health and growth performance of weanling pigs.RESULTSNo effects of treatments were observed on performance and organ weights (P > 0.05). Overall, both additives [red pepper essential oil (RPEO) or antibiotic (ANT)] increased gutLactobacilluscounts compared to negative control, as well as reduced villi density (P < 0.05). Animals fed diets containing 1.5 g kg−1RPEO presented the lowest incidence of diarrhea (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONOur findings suggested that essential oil from Brazilian red pepper or chlorohydroxyquinoline added in weanling pig diets affect gut microbiota and histology without affecting performance and organ weights. In addition, there was an indication that high doses of essential oil could reduce the incidence of diarrhea. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Application of high‐resolution melting analysis for authenticity testing of valuable Dendrobium commercial products
Authors: Dong Xiaoman , Jiang Chao , Yuan Yuan , Peng Daiyin , Luo Yuqin , Zhao Yuyang , Huang Luqi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe accurate identification of botanical origin in commercial products is important to ensure food authenticity and safety for consumers. The Dendrobium species have long been commercialised as functional food supplements and herbal medicines in Asia. Three valuable Dendrobium species, namely Dendrobium officinale, D. huoshanense and D. moniliforme, are often mutually adulterated in trade products in pursuit of higher profit.RESULTSIn this paper, a rapid and reliable semi‐quantitative method for identifying the botanical origin of Dendrobium products in terminal markets was developed using high‐resolution melting (HRM) analysis with specific primer pairs to target the trnL‐F region. The HRM analysis method detected amounts of D. moniliforme adulterants as low as 1% in D. huoshanense or D. officinale products.CONCLUSIONThe results have demonstrated that HRM analysis is a fast and effective tool for the differentiation of these Dendrobium species both for their authenticity as well as for the semi‐quantitative determination of the purity of their processed products. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Dispersive micro‐solid‐phase extraction using carbon‐based adsorbents for the sensitive determination of verapamil in plasma samples coupled with capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Jouyban Abolghasem , Hamidi Samin 
Published: June 2017

A dispersive micro‐solid‐phase extraction procedure coupled with capillary electrophoresis ultraviolet detection was developed for determination of verapamil in plasma samples. Graphene oxide/polydopamin was synthesized by a one‐step polymerization method, and graphene oxide/Fe3O4 (magnetic graphene oxide) nanocomposite was prepared by coprecipitation method. Moreover, they were fully characterized. The use of hazardous and water‐immiscible solvents was scaled down, and only 500 μL of acetone was required as the desorption solvent. The detector response concentration plots were linear in the range of 5–500 ng/mL, and the proposed method was validated according to guidelines. The precision and accuracy were less than 15%. Dispersive micro‐solid‐phase extraction method provides a rapid, environmentally friendly, and sensitive analysis for the verapamil in patient plasma samples, which is adequate for therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies.
Thalamic deep brain stimulation for orthostatic tremor: A multicenter international registry
Authors: Merola Aristide , Fasano Alfonso , Hassan Anhar , Ostrem Jill L. , Contarino Maria Fiorella , Lyons Mark , Krauss Joachim K. , Wolf Marc E. , Klassen Bryan T. , van Rootselaar Anne‐Fleur , Regidor Ignacio , Duker Andrew P. , Ondo William , Guridi Jorge , Volkmann Jens , Wagle Shukla Aparna , Mandybur George T. , Okun Michael S. , Witt Karsten , Starr Philip A. , Deuschl Günther , Espay Alberto J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundWe report the accumulated experience with ventral intermediate nucleus deep brain stimulation for medically refractory orthostatic tremor.MethodsData from 17 patients were reviewed, comparing presurgical, short‐term (0‐48 months), and long‐term (≥48 months) follow‐up. The primary end point was the composite activities of daily living/instrumental activities of daily living score. Secondary end points included latency of symptoms on standing and treatment‐related complications.ResultsThere was a 21.6% improvement (P = 0.004) in the composite activities of daily living/instrumental activities of daily living score, which gradually attenuated (12.5%) in the subgroup of patients with an additional long‐term follow‐up (8 of 17). The latency of symptoms on standing significantly improved, both in the short‐term (P = 0.001) and in the long‐term (P = 0.018). Three patients obtained no/minimal benefit from the procedure.ConclusionsDeep brain stimulation of the ventral intermediate nucleus was, in general, safe and well tolerated, yielding sustained benefit in selected patients with medically refractory orthostatic tremor. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
MTF and DQE enhancement using an apodized‐aperture x‐ray detector design
Authors: Nano Tomi F. , Escartin Terenz , Ismailova Elina , Karim Karim S. , Lindström Jan , Kim Ho Kyung , Cunningham Ian A. 
Published: June 2017

PurposeAcquisition of high‐quality x‐ray images using low patient exposures requires detectors with high detective quantum efficiency (DQE). We describe a novel apodized‐aperture pixel (AAP) design that increases high‐frequency modulation transfer function (MTF) and DQE values. The AAP design makes a separation of physical sensor elements from image pixels by using very small sensor elements (e.g., 0.010–0.025 mm) to synthesize desired larger image pixels (e.g., 0.1–0.2 mm).MethodsA cascaded systems model of signal and noise propagation is developed to describe the benefits of the AAP approach in terms of the MTF, Wiener noise power spectrum (NPS), and DQE. The theoretical model was validated experimentally using a CMOS/CsI detector with 0.05 mm sensor elements to synthesize 0.20 mm image pixels and a clinical Se detector with 0.07 mm sensor elements to synthesize 0.28 mm pixels. A Monte Carlo study and x‐ray images of a star‐pattern and rat leg are used to visually compare AAP images.ResultsWhen used with a high‐resolution converter layer and sensor elements one quarter the size of image pixels, the MTF is increased by 53% and the DQE by a factor of 2.3× at the image sampling cut‐off frequency. Both simulated and demonstration images show improved detectability of high‐frequency content and removal of aliasing artifacts. Evidence of Gibbs ringing is sometimes seen near high‐contrast edges.ConclusionsIt is shown that the AAP approach preserves the MTF of the small sensor elements and attenuates frequencies above the image sampling cut‐off frequency. This has the double benefit of improving the MTF while reducing both signal and noise aliasing, resulting in an increase of the DQE at high spatial frequencies. For optimal implementation, the converter layer must have very high spatial resolution and the detector must have low readout noise.