bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zum Glück gezwungen?
Authors: Rätz Ursula , Finklenburg Udo 
Published: July 2017

Zusammenfassung. Eigentlich wollte er nur seine Ruhe haben und hoffen, möglichst lange nichts mehr mit der Klinik zu tun zu haben. Sie sahen es aber anders – nur, wenn er einwilligte, im Rahmen einer Verfügung der KESB (Kindes- und Erwachsenenschutzbehörde) eine ambulante Betreuung durch Arzt und APP (ambulante psychiatrische Pflege) zuzulassen, könne er austreten. Sie meinten, er könne sich nicht genug auf sich selbst verlassen, und wenn es ihm schlecht gehe, stelle er eine Gefahr für die Gesellschaft dar. Jede Woche kommt jetzt ein Pfleger und konfrontiert ihn mit den Dingen, die er selber weiß, zu denen er sich aber kaum aufraffen kann. Medikamentenabgabe, Depotinjektion, Kontrolle, ob der Haushalt geführt ist, ob er selber gepflegt ist. Voller Misstrauen wird dem Pfleger zunächst begegnet, er verkörpert die ganze Macht des Staates, aber mit der Zeit stellt sich dann doch eine Art Vertrauen ein, eine gewisse Zusammenarbeit. Nach einem Dreivierteljahr endet die Zusammenarbeit. Aufgrund einer Krise muss der Klient in die Klinik. Dort wird mit ihm vereinbart, dass der bessere Weg wohl über eine betreute Wohngemeinschaft geht. Nach einigen Jahren meldet sich der Klient eigeninitiativ bei dem Pfleger, ob man wieder zusammenarbeiten könne, er hätte damals doch recht profitieren können..
TRPV1 regulates excitatory innervation of OLM neurons in the hippocampus
Authors: Hurtado-Zavala Joaquin I. , Ramachandran Binu , Ahmed Saheeb , Halder Rashi , Bolleyer Christiane , Awasthi Ankit , Stahlberg Markus A. , Wagener Robin J. , Anderson Kristin , Drenan Ryan M. , Lester Henry A. , Miwa Julie M. , Staiger Jochen F. , Fischer Andre , Dean Camin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTRPV1 is an ion channel activated by heat and pungent agents including capsaicin, and has been extensively studied in nociception of sensory neurons. However, the location and function of TRPV1 in the hippocampus is debated. We found that TRPV1 is expressed in oriens-lacunosum-moleculare (OLM) interneurons in the hippocampus, and promotes excitatory innervation. TRPV1 knockout mice have reduced glutamatergic innervation of OLM neurons. When activated by capsaicin, TRPV1 recruits more glutamatergic, but not GABAergic, terminals to OLM neurons in vitro. When TRPV1 is blocked, glutamatergic input to OLM neurons is dramatically reduced. Heterologous expression of TRPV1 also increases excitatory innervation. Moreover, TRPV1 knockouts have reduced Schaffer collateral LTP, which is rescued by activating OLM neurons with nicotine—via α2β2-containing nicotinic receptors—to bypass innervation defects. Our results reveal a synaptogenic function of TRPV1 in a specific interneuron population in the hippocampus, where it is important for gating hippocampal plasticity.
Crustal rheology controls on the Tibetan plateau formation during India-Asia convergence
Authors: Chen Lin , Capitanio Fabio A. , Liu Lijun , Gerya Taras V. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe formation of the Tibetan plateau during the India-Asia collision remains an outstanding issue. Proposed models mostly focus on the different styles of Tibetan crustal deformation, yet these do not readily explain the observed variation of deformation and deep structures along the collisional zone. Here we use three-dimensional numerical models to evaluate the effects of crustal rheology on the formation of the Himalayan-Tibetan orogenic system. During convergence, a weaker Asian crust allows strain far north within the upper plate, where a wide continental plateau forms behind the orogeny. In contrast, a stronger Asian crust suppresses the plateau formation, while the orogeny accommodates most of the shortening. The stronger Asian lithosphere is also forced beneath the Indian lithosphere, forming a reversed-polarity underthrusting. Our results demonstrate that the observed variations in lithosphere deformation and structures along the India-Asia collision zone are primarily controlled by the strength heterogeneity of the Asian continental crust.
Laser-induced plasmonic colours on metals
Authors: Guay Jean-Michel , Calà Lesina Antonino , Côté Guillaume , Charron Martin , Poitras Daniel , Ramunno Lora , Berini Pierre , Weck Arnaud 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPlasmonic resonances in metallic nanoparticles have been used since antiquity to colour glasses. The use of metal nanostructures for surface colourization has attracted considerable interest following recent developments in plasmonics. However, current top-down colourization methods are not ideally suited to large-scale industrial applications. Here we use a bottom-up approach where picosecond laser pulses can produce a full palette of non-iridescent colours on silver, gold, copper and aluminium. We demonstrate the process on silver coins weighing up to 5 kg and bearing large topographic variations (∼1.5 cm). We find that colours are related to a single parameter, the total accumulated fluence, making the process suitable for high-throughput industrial applications. Statistical image analyses of laser-irradiated surfaces reveal various nanoparticle size distributions. Large-scale finite-difference time-domain computations based on these nanoparticle distributions reproduce trends seen in reflectance measurements, and demonstrate the key role of plasmonic resonances in colour formation.
De novo active sites for resurrected Precambrian enzymes
Authors: Risso Valeria A. , Martinez-Rodriguez Sergio , Candel Adela M. , Krüger Dennis M. , Pantoja-Uceda David , Ortega-Muñoz Mariano , Santoyo-Gonzalez Francisco , Gaucher Eric A. , Kamerlin Shina C. L. , Bruix Marta , Gavira Jose A. , Sanchez-Ruiz Jose M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractProtein engineering studies often suggest the emergence of completely new enzyme functionalities to be highly improbable. However, enzymes likely catalysed many different reactions already in the last universal common ancestor. Mechanisms for the emergence of completely new active sites must therefore either plausibly exist or at least have existed at the primordial protein stage. Here, we use resurrected Precambrian proteins as scaffolds for protein engineering and demonstrate that a new active site can be generated through a single hydrophobic-to-ionizable amino acid replacement that generates a partially buried group with perturbed physico-chemical properties. We provide experimental and computational evidence that conformational flexibility can assist the emergence and subsequent evolution of new active sites by improving substrate and transition-state binding, through the sampling of many potentially productive conformations. Our results suggest a mechanism for the emergence of primordial enzymes and highlight the potential of ancestral reconstruction as a tool for protein engineering.
Molecular recognition by multiple metal coordination inside wavy-stacked macrocycles
Authors: Nakamura Takashi , Kaneko Yuya , Nishibori Eiji , Nabeshima Tatsuya 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMost biological and synthetic receptors for small organic molecules employ a combination of relatively weak intermolecular interactions such as hydrogen bonds. A host compound that utilizes stronger yet reversible bonding in a synergistic manner could realize precise recognition, but the regulation and spatial arrangement of such reactive interaction moieties have been a challenge. Here, we show a multinuclear zinc complex synthesized from a macrocyclic ligand hexapap, which inwardly arranges labile metal coordination sites for external molecules. The metallomacrocycle forms a unique wavy-stacked structure upon binding a suitable length of dicarboxylic acids via multipoint coordination bonding. The saddle-shaped deformation and dimerization realize the differentiation of the interaction moieties, and change of guest-binding modes at specific metal coordination sites among the many present have been achieved utilizing acid/base as external stimuli.
Environmentally stable interface of layered oxide cathodes for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Guo Shaohua , Li Qi , Liu Pan , Chen Mingwei , Zhou Haoshen 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSodium-ion batteries are strategically pivotal to achieving large-scale energy storage. Layered oxides, especially manganese-based oxides, are the most popular cathodes due to their high reversible capacity and use of earth-abundant elements. However, less noticed is the fact that the interface of layered cathodes always suffers from atmospheric and electrochemical corrosion, leading to severely diminished electrochemical properties. Herein, we demonstrate an environmentally stable interface via the superficial concentration of titanium, which not only overcomes the above limitations, but also presents unique surface chemical/electrochemical properties. The results show that the atomic-scale interface is composed of spinel-like titanium (III) oxides, enhancing the structural/electrochemical stability and electronic/ionic conductivity. Consequently, the interface-engineered electrode shows excellent cycling performance among all layered manganese-based cathodes, as well as high-energy density. Our findings highlight the significance of a stable interface and, moreover, open opportunities for the design of well-tailored cathode materials for sodium storage.
Structure of spin excitations in heavily electron-doped Li0.8Fe0.2ODFeSe superconductors
Authors: Pan Bingying , Shen Yao , Hu Die , Feng Yu , Park J. T. , Christianson A. D. , Wang Qisi , Hao Yiqing , Wo Hongliang , Yin Zhiping , Maier T. A. , Zhao Jun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHeavily electron-doped iron-selenide high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) superconductors, which have no hole Fermi pockets, but have a notably high Tc, have challenged the prevailing s± pairing scenario originally proposed for iron pnictides containing both electron and hole pockets. The microscopic mechanism underlying the enhanced superconductivity in heavily electron-doped iron-selenide remains unclear. Here, we used neutron scattering to study the spin excitations of the heavily electron-doped iron-selenide material Li0.8Fe0.2ODFeSe (Tc = 41 K). Our data revealed nearly ring-shaped magnetic resonant excitations surrounding (π, π) at ∼21 meV. As the energy increased, the spin excitations assumed a diamond shape, and they dispersed outward until the energy reached ∼60 meV and then inward at higher energies. The observed energy-dependent momentum structure and twisted dispersion of spin excitations near (π, π) are analogous to those of hole-doped cuprates in several aspects, thus implying that such spin excitations are essential for the remarkably high Tc in these materials.
Non-aqueous selective synthesis of orthosilicic acid and its oligomers
Authors: Igarashi Masayasu , Matsumoto Tomohiro , Yagihashi Fujio , Yamashita Hiroshi , Ohhara Takashi , Hanashima Takayasu , Nakao Akiko , Moyoshi Taketo , Sato Kazuhiko , Shimada Shigeru 
Published: July 2017

AbstractOrthosilicic acid (Si(OH)4) and its small condensation compounds are among the most important silicon compounds but have never been isolated, due to their instability. These compounds would be highly useful building blocks for advanced materials if they became available at high purity. Here we show a simple procedure to selectively synthesize orthosilicic acid and its dimer, cyclic trimer and tetramer in organic solvents. Isolation of orthosilicic acid, the dimer and the cyclic tetramer as hydrogen-bonded crystals with tetrabutylammonium halides and the cyclic trimer as solvent-containing crystals is also described. The solid-state structures of these compounds are unambiguously clarified by single crystal X-ray and neutron diffraction studies. The usefulness of orthosilicic acid and its oligomers prepared by the new procedure is demonstrated by the synthesis of functionalized oligosiloxanes.
Coupled symmetric and asymmetric circuits underlying spatial orientation in fruit flies
Authors: Su Ta-Shun , Lee Wan-Ju , Huang Yu-Chi , Wang Cheng-Te , Lo Chung-Chuan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMaintaining spatial orientation when carrying out goal-directed movements requires an animal to perform angular path integration. Such functionality has been recently demonstrated in the ellipsoid body (EB) of fruit flies, though the precise circuitry and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We analyze recently published cellular-level connectomic data and identify the unique characteristics of the EB circuitry, which features coupled symmetric and asymmetric rings. By constructing a spiking neural circuit model based on the connectome, we reveal that the symmetric ring initiates a feedback circuit that sustains persistent neural activity to encode information regarding spatial orientation, while the asymmetric rings are capable of integrating the angular path when the body rotates in the dark. The present model reproduces several key features of EB activity and makes experimentally testable predictions, providing new insight into how spatial orientation is maintained and tracked at the cellular level.
Pathogen recognition in compatible plant-microbe interactions
Authors: Rezzonico Fabio , Rupp Oliver , Fahrentrapp Johannes 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMicrobial infections in plant leaves remain a major challenge in agriculture. Hence an understanding of disease mechanisms at the molecular level is of paramount importance for identifying possible intervention points for their control. Whole-transcriptome changes during early disease stages in susceptible plant species are less well-documented than those of resistant ones. This study focuses on the differential transcriptional changes at 24 hours post inoculation (hpi) in tomato leaflets affected by three pathogens: (1) Phytophthora infestans, (2) Botrytis cinerea, and (3) Oidium neolycopersici. Grey mould (B. cinerea) was the disease that had progressed the most by 24 hpi, both in terms of visible symptoms as well as differential gene expression. By means of RNA-seq, we identified 50 differentially expressed tomato genes specifically induced by B. cinerea infection and 18 specifically induced by P. infestans infection at 24 hpi. Additionally, a set of 63 genes were differentially expressed during all three diseases when compared by a Bayesian approach to their respective mock infections. And Gene expression patterns were found to also depend on the inoculation technique. These findings suggest a specific and distinct transcriptional response in plant leaf tissue in reaction to B. cinerea and P. infestans invasion at 24 hpi, indicating that plants may recognize the attacking pathogen.
MicroRNA-200b regulates distal airway development by maintaining epithelial integrity
Authors: Khoshgoo Naghmeh , Visser Robin , Falk Landon , Day Chelsea A. , Ameis Dustin , Iwasiow Barbara M. , Zhu Fuqin , Öztürk Arzu , Basu Sujata , Pind Molly , Fresnosa Agnes , Jackson Mike , Siragam Vinaya Kumar , Stelmack Gerald , Hicks Geoffrey G. , Halayko Andrew J. , Keijzer Richard 
Published: July 2017

AbstractmiR-200b plays a role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer. We recently reported abnormal expression of miR-200b in the context of human pulmonary hypoplasia in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Smaller lung size, a lower number of airway generations, and a thicker mesenchyme characterize pulmonary hypoplasia in CDH. The aim of this study was to define the role of miR-200b during lung development. Here we show that miR-200b−/− mice have abnormal lung function due to dysfunctional surfactant, increased fibroblast-like cells and thicker mesenchyme in between the alveolar walls. We profiled the lung transcriptome in miR-200b−/− mice, and, using Gene Ontology analysis, we determined that the most affected biological processes include cell cycle, apoptosis and protein transport. Our results demonstrate that miR-200b regulates distal airway development through maintaining an epithelial cell phenotype. The lung abnormalities observed in miR-200b−/− mice recapitulate lung hypoplasia in CDH.
A diatomic elastic metamaterial for tunable asymmetric wave transmission in multiple frequency bands
Authors: Li Bing , Alamri Sagr , Tan K. T. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractUnidirectional/asymmetric transmission of acoustic/elastic waves has recently been realized by linear structures. Research related to unidirectionality of wave propagation has received intense attention due to potentially transformative and unique wave control applications. However, asymmetric transmission performance in existing devices usually occurs only in a narrow frequency band, and the asymmetric frequencies are always within ultrasound range (above 20 kHz). In this work, we design and propose a linear diatomic elastic metamaterial using dual-resonator concept to obtain large asymmetric elastic wave transmission in multiple low frequency bands. All of these frequency bands can be theoretically predicted to realize one-way wave propagation along different directions of transmission. The mechanisms of multiple asymmetric transmission bands are theoretically investigated and numerically verified by both analytical lattice and continuum models. Dynamic responses of the proposed system in the broadband asymmetric transmission bands are explored and analyzed in time and frequency domains. The effect of damping on the asymmetric wave transmission is further discussed. Excellent agreements between theoretical results and numerical verification are obtained.
Effects of growth rate and promoter activity on single-cell protein expression
Authors: Nordholt Niclas , van Heerden Johan , Kort Remco , Bruggeman Frank J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractProtein expression in a single cell depends on its global physiological state. Moreover, genetically-identical cells exhibit variability (noise) in protein expression, arising from the stochastic nature of biochemical processes, cell growth and division. While it is well understood how cellular growth rate influences mean protein expression, little is known about the relationship between growth rate and noise in protein expression. Here we quantify this relationship in Bacillus subtilis by a novel combination of experiments and theory. We measure the effects of promoter activity and growth rate on the expression of a fluorescent protein in single cells. We disentangle the observed protein expression noise into protein-specific and systemic contributions, using theory and variance decomposition. We find that noise in protein expression depends solely on mean expression levels, regardless of whether expression is set by promoter activity or growth rate, and that noise increases linearly with growth rate. Our results can aid studies of (synthetic) gene circuits of single cells and their condition dependence.
Cyclic GMP-AMP Ameliorates Diet-induced Metabolic Dysregulation and Regulates Proinflammatory Responses Distinctly from STING Activation
Authors: Guo Xin , Shu Chang , Li Honggui , Pei Ya , Woo Shih-Lung , Zheng Juan , Liu Mengyang , Xu Hang , Botchlett Rachel , Guo Ting , Cai Yuli , Gao Xinsheng , Zhou Jing , Chen Lu , Li Qifu , Xiao Xiaoqiu , Xie Linglin , Zhang Ke K. , Ji Jun-Yuan , Huo Yuqing , Meng Fanyin , Alpini Gianfranco , Li Pingwei , Wu Chaodong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractEndogenous cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) binds and activates STING to induce type I interferons. However, whether cGAMP plays any roles in regulating metabolic homeostasis remains unknown. Here we show that exogenous cGAMP ameliorates obesity-associated metabolic dysregulation and uniquely alters proinflammatory responses. In obese mice, treatment with cGAMP significantly decreases diet-induced proinflammatory responses in liver and adipose tissues and ameliorates metabolic dysregulation. Strikingly, cGAMP exerts cell-type-specific anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages, hepatocytes, and adipocytes, which is distinct from the effect of STING activation by DMXAA on enhancing proinflammatory responses. While enhancing insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation in hepatocytes and adipocytes, cGAMP weakens the effects of glucagon on stimulating hepatocyte gluconeogenic enzyme expression and glucose output and blunts palmitate-induced hepatocyte fat deposition in an Akt-dependent manner. Taken together, these results suggest an essential role for cGAMP in linking innate immunity and metabolic homeostasis, indicating potential applications of cGAMP in treating obesity-associated inflammatory and metabolic diseases.
Functional relationship between material property, applied frequency and ozone generation for surface dielectric barrier discharges in atmospheric air
Authors: Portugal Sherlie , Roy Subrata , Lin Jenshan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe report the experimental characterization of ozone generation in dielectric barrier discharges as a function of the material and characteristics of the dielectric barrier, operating frequency and the power consumed by a surface DBD-plasma reactor in air at atmospheric pressure. To identify the effect of the dielectric barrier, ozone production curves corresponding to ten dielectric barriers with different effective thicknesses and thermal properties are compared and analyzed for two combinations of voltage amplitudes and frequencies: 7 kV/10 kHz and 8.5 kV/14 kHz. The influence of the operating frequency over the ozone generated by a DBD-plasma reactor is studied by varying the frequency in the range 8–20 kHz. The correlation between power measurements and ozone concentrations as well as ozone quenching effects at extreme power conditions are also discussed.
Nicotinamide mononucleotide and related metabolites induce disease resistance against fungal phytopathogens in Arabidopsis and barley
Authors: Miwa Akihiro , Sawada Yuji , Tamaoki Daisuke , Yokota Hirai Masami , Kimura Makoto , Sato Kazuhiro , Nishiuchi Takumi 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), is known to act as a functional molecule in animals, whereas its function in plants is largely unknown. In this study, we found that NMN accumulated in barley cultivars resistant to phytopathogenic fungal Fusarium species. Although NMN does not possess antifungal activity, pretreatment with NMN and related metabolites enhanced disease resistance to Fusarium graminearum in Arabidopsis leaves and flowers and in barley spikes. The NMN-induced Fusarium resistance was accompanied by activation of the salicylic acid-mediated signalling pathway and repression of the jasmonic acid/ethylene-dependent signalling pathways in Arabidopsis. Since NMN-induced disease resistance was also observed in the SA-deficient sid2 mutant, an SA-independent signalling pathway also regulated the enhanced resistance induced by NMN. Compared with NMN, NAD and NADP, nicotinamide pretreatment had minor effects on resistance to F. graminearum. Constitutive expression of the NMNAT gene, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme for NAD biosynthesis, resulted in enhanced disease resistance in Arabidopsis. Thus, modifying the content of NAD-related metabolites can be used to optimize the defence signalling pathways activated in response to F. graminearum and facilitates the control of disease injury and mycotoxin accumulation in plants.