bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunogenetic profiles of 9 human herpes virus envelope glycoproteins
Authors: Georgopoulos Apostolos P. , James Lisa M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHuman herpes viruses (HHV) are ubiquitous and have been implicated in numerous long-term health conditions. Since the association between viral exposure and long-term health impacts is partially influenced by variation in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, we evaluated in silico the binding affinities of 9 HHV envelope glycoproteins with 127 common HLA Class I and Class II molecules. The findings show substantial variability in HHV binding affinity across viruses, HLA Class, HLA genes, and HLA alleles. Specific findings were as follows: (1) the predicted binding affinities of HHVs were characterized by four distinct groupings—[HHV1, HHV2], [HHV3, HHV4, HHV5], [HHV6A], [HHV6B, HHV7, HHV8]—with relatively lower binding affinities for HHV1, HHV2, and HHV6a compared to other HHVs; (2) significantly higher binding affinity was found for HLA Class I relative to Class II; (3) analyses within each class demonstrated that alleles of the C gene (for Class I) and DRB1 gene (for Class II) had the highest binding affinities; and (4) for each virus, predicted binding affinity to specific alleles varied, with HHV6a having the lowest affinity for HHV-HLA complexes, and HHV3, HHV4, and HHV5 having the highest. Since HLA-antigen binding is the first step in initiating an immune response to foreign antigens, these relative differences in HHV binding affinities are likely to influence long-term health impacts such that the cells infected with viruses associated with higher binding affinities across common HLA alleles may be more reduced in numbers, thereby lowering the potential for long-term sequelae of their infections.
Controlling phase separations and reactions in trapped microfluidic droplets
Authors: Krauss Sebastian W. , Weiss Matthias 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMicrofluidics and droplet-based assays are the basis for numerous high-throughput experiments, including bio-inspired microreactors and selection platforms for directed evolution. While elaborate techniques are available for the production of picoliter-sized droplets, there is an increasing demand for subsequent manipulation and control of the droplet interior. Here, we report on a straightforward method to rapidly adjust the size of single to several hundred double-emulsion droplets in a microfluidic sieve by varying the carrier fluid’s salt concentration. We show that the concomitant concentration changes in the droplet interior can drive a reversible demixing transition in a biomimetic binary fluid. As another application, we show that growing and shrinking of trapped droplets can be utilized to achieve a reversible dissociation of double-stranded DNA into single strands, i.e. cycles of reversible DNA hybridization, similar to PCR cycles, can be achieved by reversibly changing the droplet size at constant temperature. Altogether, our approach shows how a simple and temporally tunable manipulation of the size and the chemistry in prefabricated droplets can be achieved by an external control parameter.
Long-term outcome and predictors of neurological recovery in cervical spinal cord injury: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Stenimahitis Vasilios , Gharios Maria , Fletcher-Sandersjöö Alexander , El-Hajj Victor Gabriel , Singh Aman , Buwaider Ali , Andersson Magnus , Gerdhem Paul , Hultling Claes , Elmi-Terander Adrian , Edström Erik 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis retrospective study analyzed prognostic factors for neurological improvement and ambulation in 194 adult patients (≥ 15 years) with traumatic cervical spinal cord injuries treated at the neurological SCI unit (SCIU) at the Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Sweden, between 2010 and 2020. The primary outcome was American spinal injury association impairment scale (AIS) improvement, with secondary focus on ambulation restoration. Results showed 41% experienced AIS improvement, with 51% regaining ambulation over a median follow-up of 3.7 years. Significant AIS improvement (p < 0.001) and reduced bladder/bowel dysfunction (p < 0.001) were noted. Multivariable analysis identified initial AIS C-D (< 0.001), central cord syndrome (p = 0.016), and C0–C3 injury (p = 0.017) as positive AIS improvement predictors, while lower extremity motor score (LEMS) (p < 0.001) and longer ICU stays (p < 0.001) were negative predictors. Patients with initial AIS C-D (p < 0.001) and higher LEMS (p < 0.001) were more likely to regain ambulation. Finally, older age was a negative prognostic factor (p = 0.003). In conclusion, initial injury severity significantly predicted neurological improvement and ambulation. Recovery was observed even in severe cases, emphasizing the importance of tailored rehabilitation for improved outcomes.
Antagonistic behavior of brain networks mediated by low-frequency oscillations: electrophysiological dynamics during internal–external attention switching
Authors: Hammer Jiri , Kajsova Michaela , Kalina Adam , Krysl David , Fabera Petr , Kudr Martin , Jezdik Petr , Janca Radek , Krsek Pavel , Marusic Petr 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAntagonistic activity of brain networks likely plays a fundamental role in how the brain optimizes its performance by efficient allocation of computational resources. A prominent example involves externally/internally oriented attention tasks, implicating two anticorrelated, intrinsic brain networks: the default mode network (DMN) and the dorsal attention network (DAN). To elucidate electrophysiological underpinnings and causal interplay during attention switching, we recorded intracranial EEG (iEEG) from 25 epilepsy patients with electrode contacts localized in the DMN and DAN. We show antagonistic network dynamics of activation-related changes in high-frequency (> 50 Hz) and low-frequency (< 30 Hz) power. The temporal profile of information flow between the networks estimated by functional connectivity suggests that the activated network inhibits the other one, gating its activity by increasing the amplitude of the low-frequency oscillations. Insights about inter-network communication may have profound implications for various brain disorders in which these dynamics are compromised.
Progress and perspectives on the development of inorganic nanofibres/nanowires for functional electrolytes of solid-state lithium metal batteries
Authors: Deng Nanping , Duan Wenwen , Yu Wen , Feng Yang , Feng Zichun , Feng Xiaofan , Peng Zhaozhao , Xiang Hengying , Liu Yong , Kang Weimin 
Published: September 2024

The review provides detailed mechanism analysis and design strategies of ion transport, high-valtage stability and anode protection of inorganic nanofibers/nanowires for electrolytes, which will be widely used in solid-state lithium metal batteries.
Qualitätssicherung bei nuklearkardiologischer Diagnostik
Authors: Rischpler Christoph , Goetz Christian , Schäfer Wolfgang 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Qualitätssicherung in der Nuklearmedizin wird vor allem durch die ärztlichen Stellen sichergestellt. Daneben gibt es zahlreiche Zertifizierungen, die durch Auszeichnung von Zentren bzw. Experten die Qualität medizinischer Leistungen gewährleisten und verbessern sollen. Auf dem Gebiet der kardiovaskulären Bildgebung gibt es mittlerweile zahlreiche Zertifizierungen, wobei die meisten auf radiologische Bildgebungsverfahren wie kardiovaskuläre Computertomografie oder Magnetresonanztomografie abzielen. Für die nuklearkardiologische Bildgebung gab es bis vor Kurzem keine Zertifizierung in Deutschland. Dies hat sich seit Anfang des Jahres 2023 geändert, da seitdem die Deutsche Gesellschaft Nuklearmedizin (DGN) eine Zertifizierung zum nuklearkardiologischen Zentrum anbietet. In diesem Artikel wird das Ziel der Qualitätssicherung durch Zertifizierungen auf dem Gebiet der nuklearkardiologischen Diagnostik diskutiert.
Lower extremity injury and return to sports of elite taekwondo
athletes
Authors: Lee Jae-Yul , Park Ki Jun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objective We attempted to analyze the characteristics of lower-extremity
injuries that occur during training based on the sex and weight class of elite
taekwondo (TKD) athletes and the effect of pain scores on the return to sports
periods (RTSP). Methods and Methods: We included 198 elite TKD athletes who
participated in January–December 2023 and were trained in Korea. Injury
incidence rates (IIR) were expressed as Poisson rates with 95% confidence
intervals per 1,000 h of training. One-way analysis of variance was conducted to
determine the pain score and RTSP according to sex, weight, and injury type. In
addition, we performed simple linear regression to determine the effects of pain
score on the RTSP.
Results The lower-extremities IIR was 2.45 injuries per 1000 training
hours, including 0.77 contact and 1.68 non-contact injuries. The IIR was lower
in male than in female athletes (p<0.001), the most common injuries occurred
in the ankle (0.78) and knee(0.53). In addition, the ligament (0.99) and muscle
(0.70) were the most common injury types. All athletes demonstrated significant
differences in pain scores (p<0.001) and RTSP (p<0.001) based on the
injury type. In addition, we observed a significant difference between the pain
score (p<0.001) and RTSP (p=0.004) based on sex. For every 1-point increase
in pain score, all athletes had a 1.43-day increase in RTSP.
Conclusion These results can be used as data to develop injury prevention
programs for TKD athletes and to determine their RTSP.
Epistaxis – Risikofaktoren und Management bei 707 ambulant und stationär geführten Patienten
Authors: Breyer Nikita , Mayer Benjamin , Lindemann Jörg , Hoffmann Thomas Karl , Hahn Janina 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungEpistaxis gehört zu den häufigsten Notfällen der Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde. Das Spektrum reicht von leichter Form bis zur lebensbedrohlichen Blutung. Je nach Schwere und Verlauf erfolgt eine ambulante Fallführung oder stationäre Überwachung, gegebenenfalls mit operativer Blutstillung.Es erfolgte eine retrospektive systematische Auswertung aller ambulanten und stationären Patientendaten mit der Diagnose Epistaxis im Zeitraum von Januar bis Dezember 2021. Ausgeschlossen wurde Epistaxis bei Tumoren, Trauma und postoperative Epistaxis.707 Patienten wurden eingeschlossen. Saisonal gesehen wurden im Monat Januar die meisten Patienten vorstellig. Eine rein ambulante Fallführung war bei 80,8% möglich, eine stationäre Aufnahme erfolgte bei 19,2%. Von den stationär behandelten Patienten war bei 15,4% eine operative Intervention indiziert. Innerhalb des gesamten Studienkollektivs lag der Anteil der männlichen Patienten bei 61,1%, bei exklusiver Auswertung der stationären Patienten mit operativer Therapie bestand eine noch höhere Dominanz (81,0%). Die Mehrzahl (73,1%) der stationär betreuten Patienten hatten mindestens ein gerinnungshemmendes Präparat in der Dauermedikation. Ein höheres Alter (p=0,044) und das Vorliegen einer posterioren Epistaxis (p<0,001) waren signifikant mit einer stationären Behandlung assoziiert. Kinder mussten nicht stationär versorgt werden.Epistaxis ist ein typisches HNO-ärztliches Krankheitsbild mit einem hohen Anteil (älterer) männlicher Patienten und solcher mit gerinnungshemmender Medikation bei schweren Krankheitsverläufen im untersuchten Kollektiv. Eine operative Intervention in Vollnarkose zur Therapie der Epistaxis war nur selten erforderlich (3%).
Real-world evidence comparing early and late pancreatic stent placement to prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis
Authors: Wang Shaofei , Bai Bingqing , Huang Qiming , Fang Yuanyuan , Zhang Chenyu , Chen Xinwen , Hong Jianglong , Jie Lei , Ding Hao , Hu Cui , Li Hongye , Li Yang , Liu Xiaochang , Hong Rutao , Bao Junjun , Mei qiao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims Pancreatic stenting effectively lowers the occurrence of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) and reduces its severity. However, limited research has been conducted to determine the optimal timing for pancreatic stent placement. Our objective was to evaluate whether early pancreatic stent placement (EPSP) is more effective than late pancreatic stent placement (LPSP) in preventing PEP among patients with naive papilla.
Patients and methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study that analyzed 590 patients with difficult biliary cannulation using the pancreatic guidewire technique, who were divided into EPSP and LPSP groups. In the EPSP group, a pancreatic stent was placed immediately before/after endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) or endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST). Conversely, in the LPSP group, a pancreatic stent was placed after partial/all completion of major endoscopic procedures.
Results From November 2017 to May 2023, 385 patients were in the EPSP group and 205 in the LPSP group. EPSP was associated with a decreased PEP occurrence compared with LPSP (2.9% vs. 7.3%; P = 0.012). Similarly, hyperamylasemia was lower in the EPSP group (19.7% vs. 27.8%; P = 0.026). Furthermore, sensitivity analysis using multivariable analysis and propensity score–matched (PSM) analysis also validated these findings.
Conclusions Early pancreatic stent placement reduced the incidence of PEP and hyperamylasemia compared with late pancreatic stent placement. Our findings favor pancreatic stenting immediately before/after ERC or EST.
Endoscopic suturing for mucosal defect closure following endoscopic submucosal dissection: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Niu Chengu , Zhang Jing , Farooq Umer , Zahid Salman , Okolo Patrick I 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a minimally invasive and effective treatment for gastrointestinal lesions. It carries potential risks such as bleeding and perforation. This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the safety, effectiveness, and feasibility of endoscopic suturing, a promising technique for closing mucosal defects post-ESD.
Methods: We reviewed several databases, including MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase up to May 1,2023. We aimed at identifying original studies that provided insightful data on the use of endoscopic suturing in reducing complications post-ESD.
Results: In our study, we evaluated 426 publications and included 10 studies involving a total of 284 patients. The pooled technical success rate of endoscopic suturing was 92.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.88–0.96). The pooled rate for sustained closure of mucosal defects post-endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was estimated to be 80.7% (95% CI 0.71–0.88). The pooled mean time required to perform the endoscopic suturing procedure was calculated to be 31.11 minutes (95% CI 16.01–46.21). Among the studies reviewed for the incidence of delayed perforation post-ESD, a singular event of perforation was documented, suggesting a minimal occurrence. The overall rate of delayed bleeding was 5.3% (95% CI 0.30–0.10). Within the subset of patients using antithrombotic drugs, our subgroup analysis identified a delayed bleeding event rate of 6.7% (95% CI 0.02–0.25).
Conclusions: Our results underscore the potential of endoscopic suturing as a viable and efficient technique in managing mucosal defects following ESD, highlighting the need for further large, prospective research to corroborate these findings and concentrate on establishing standard methodologies.
Accessing a Medicinal-Chemistry-Relevant Chemical Space with sp2–sp3 Hybrid Heterocyclic Fragments
Authors: Lefebvre Quentin , Mato Raquel , Bournez Colin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTarget-first drug discovery relies heavily on protein structure information, which severely limits its application. In recent years, fragment-based drug Design (FBDD) has been identified as an alternative solution, where screening of smaller molecules for lower affinity allowed the use of focused libraries with a higher hit rate. It is shown that coupling an sp2-rich heteroaromatic group with a monofunctional sp3-rich core gives fragments (186 examples) with advantageous physical-chemical properties, covering a chemical space often neglected in traditional libraries.
Solvatochromic Dyes Track a Homeopathic Preparation through Water-Stream Systems in a Program to Control Tick Infestation at a Wild Animal Rehabilitation Center in Brazil
Authors: de Medeiros Nathalia Salles Scortegagna , Pinto Andréia Adelaide G. , Frana Sérgio , Souza Mônica Filomena , Suffredini Ivana Barbosa , Cartwright Steven John , Bonamin Leoni Villano 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction In 2021, the area of CRAS (Centro de Reabilitação de Animais Selvagens – Wild Animal Rehabilitation Center), located in a state park in Campo Grande City, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, was suffering from a tick infestation affecting wild animals that inhabit the area and humans that visited its trails. Following a formal technical–scientific cooperation agreement between IMASUL, an institute for the environment in Mato Grosso do Sul state, and SIGO Homeopatia, a formulated homeopathic complex (Formula Parques Urbanos, FPU) was designed and prepared specifically to treat the animals. This environmental intervention used specially designed slow-release water biodegradable devices. Tracking the FPU signal in water was necessary to monitor and manage the intervention.
Aims Our aims were (1) to evaluate, among six previously standardized solvatochromic dyes, which would serve as a marker for the homeopathic complex under study; and (2) to evaluate whether the chosen solvatochromic dye could map the propagation of the homeopathic complex activity throughout the stream system from water samples harvested at different locations over time.
Method Water samples were harvested from each point at different times, filtered, frozen, and sent to the laboratory, where they were prepared at 1cH potency for analysis using 30% ethanol as the vehicle. Solvatochromic dyes were used to analyze the samples since they alter their absorbance when in contact with homeopathic potencies. Of the six dyes tested, Coumarin 7 was found to be the most suitable for tracking the FPU complex. A static and average unidirectional magnetic field of 2,400 Gauss (240 mT), generated by a neodymium magnet, was applied to the samples immediately before reading.
Results There were significant differences in the delta absorbance of dyes when adding treated/potentized water samples, making it possible to map the propagation of the FPU signal throughout the park over time. The signals were identifiable at the same point 1 minute and 32 days after the insertion of the device into the water. These signals were also identifiable after 75 minutes and 8 days at a point far from the insertion place.
Conclusion Coumarin 7 was the best marker for the homeopathic complex (FPU) used to treat the wild animals living in the park. The microplates/enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reader method and the application of a magnetic field to samples were shown to be effective in tracing homeopathic signals by changes in dye absorbance (p ≤ 0.02) in a real-life situation, with large volumes of water, involving many environmental variables, and over large distances.
Awareness to Orthodontics among a Sample of Final Year Dental Students
Authors: Kadhom Zainab Mousa , Hassan Alaa Faleh Albo , Kadhum Hossam Ibrahim , Nahidh Mohammed , Marrapodi Maria Maddalena , Russo Diana , Cicciù Marco , Minervini Giuseppe 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objective Because of esthetic demand, awareness about orthodontic treatment has increased nowadays, especially among young people and adolescents, in addition to the fact that knowledge of orthodontics and various details of it is more significant among dental students according to what they learned in their curricula and their examination and observation of many cases of malocclusion. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the awareness of the final year of undergraduate dental students toward orthodontics.
Materials and Methods About 532 (320 females and 212 males) students in the fifth year of six Iraqi universities were invited to participate in this questionnaire distributed via the Google classroom. This questionnaire included 20 questions about orthodontics. Pearson's chi-square test evaluated the gender and universities differences.
Results In general, the awareness responses were very high in most of the questions answered except in three questions in which the percentage of positive answers varies from 49 to 76%. Also, there were no significant gender differences in 17 question answers, and only 3 showed significant gender differences. Females expressed a high level of awareness than males.
Conclusion The high and close level of awareness expressed by students' responses in this study revealed the integrated education in orthodontic sciences in Iraqi dental colleges in different universities, except in some questions that deal with topics about the acceleration of tooth movement and the relation between vitamin D3 and teeth movement.
A Survey of Preoperative, Perioperative, and Postoperative Management Practices for Testicular Torsion in Pediatric Patients among European Surgeons
Authors: Beher Amit , Moreno-Alfonso Julio César , Garnier Hanna , Darici Dogus , Salö Martin Jonathan , Aubert Ophelia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction Management of testicular torsion varies between specialties resulting in lack of standardization. The aim of this survey was to assess pre-, peri-, and postoperative differences.
Methods An online questionnaire was distributed in 2023 to general and pediatric surgeons, pediatric urologists, and urologists by the Trainees of European Pediatric Surgery.
Main Results Among 88 respondents (92% tertiary referral hospital), 38% always or usually perform sonography in case of suspected torsion respectively. In addition, 15% always attempt manual detorsion and 44% depending on the clinical presentation. Most surgeons (93%) favor a scrotal approach. Interestingly, pediatric surgeons choose a transscrotal while other specialties opt for a midline incision (p = 0.002). The majority (57%) employ a three-point fixation, while 42% opt for a two-point fixation. In case of necrotic testis, 61% puncture the testis with 52% opting for surgical removal, while 33% perform orchiectomy and 6% leave it in situ. Regarding necrotic or borderline-appearing testis, 54% take a biopsy. Furthermore, 82% perform prophylactic orchidopexy of the contralateral side during the same session. Postoperative antibiotics are always administered by 12%, while 52% do so sometimes. Most perform sonographic (58%) or clinical (57%) follow-up 3 months postoperatively. Notably, pediatric surgeons and urologists perform follow-up more frequently themselves, while general surgeons/urologists recommend follow-up by pediatricians (p = 0.002). In addition, 76% of responders affirm adhering to European Association of Urology guidelines. Unawareness of guidelines and institutional practices are reasons most commonly cited for nonadherence.
Conclusion Our study reveals significant disparities in the pre-, peri-, and postoperative management of testicular torsion underscoring the need for establishing standardized practices.