bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic electromechanical characterizations of poly(vinylidene fluoride) based nanocomposite films on ultra‐low modulus polymer substrate
Authors: Khan Shehroze Tahir , Mehdi Murtuza , Jamil Tariq , Qadir Abdul 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article explores the electromechanical performance of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) films with silver nanoplatelets on smooth polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates. PVDF, a semi‐crystalline polymer, shows piezoelectric properties when processed at low temperatures, making it ideal for energy harvesting and sensors. This research addresses a gap by examining high strain rate and complex electromechanical characteristions of PVDF composites, which are underexplored. Films, fabricated using a non‐vacuum rod coating method, underwent dynamic electromechanical tests (strain rate ~ 2 s−1), including stretching, twisting, combined stretching and twisting, and forced vibrations. Results show the films function up to 17% applied strain with a gage factor of 10.57. In twisting tests, the laminates perform up to 387° in slow twisting (gage factor = 28.34) and 341° in fast twisting (gage factor = 7.65). Combined stretching and twisting tests show performance decreases, with functionality up to 6.24% strain at a twist angle of 330.1°. Vibration tests reveal that increased amplitude reduces performance, with the laminates enduring frequencies between 4.35 and 12.14 Hz. The films also exhibit a linear piezoelectric response, with a maximum open circuit voltage of 37.2 V under an impact load of 1112 N, underscoring the potential of PVDF/Ag nanocomposites for advanced MEMS applications.
Preparation of ultraviolet‐cured silicone elastomer reinforced by SH‐POSS crosslinker for light emitting diode encapsulant
Authors: Zeng Yunsheng , Xia Jianhui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractStable silicone encapsulants are essential for protecting high‐power light‐emitting diodes (LED) from dust and moisture and extending their service life. Herein, by incorporating thiol‐functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (SH‐POSS) as a crosslinker into ultraviolet‐curable silicone elastomer (UVSE), a series of new UV‐cured silicone encapsulants (SH‐POSS/UVSE) have been developed through thiol‐ene click chemistry. It was found that SH‐POSS effectively enhanced the mechanical properties of SH‐POSS/UVSE. When 30 mol% SH‐POSS was added, the tensile strength and elongation at break reached 1.01 MPa and 422%, respectively, 2.1 and 1.6 times higher than pure UVSE. This could be ascribed to the more concentrated crosslinking network and the improved interfacial interactions between SH‐POSS and UVSE than physical blending. Moreover, the steric effect of branched and rigid SH‐POSS restricted the movement of UVSE molecular chains. Incorporating SH‐POSS also suppressed UVSE degradation and improved its thermal stability. Additionally, when the LED sample encapsulated by SH‐POSS/UVSE‐30 was immersed in boiling red ink for 2 h, no crack or stain was observed, indicating that SH‐POSS/UVSE‐30 possessed good adhesion to the LED lead frame. This work provides a new approach to fabricating high‐strength and stable silicone composites, which are promising candidates as LED encapsulants.
Effect of Stocking Density on the Growth of the Endangered Amazonian Fish Hypancistrus zebra (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)
Authors: Barros Fábio José Torres de , Bahia Isadora Ribeiro da Silva Lobato , Nascimento Thaís Pereira , Moura Mayllon C. de S. , Torres Rayane A. , Pereira Tatiana da Silva , Sousa Leandro Melo de 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTStocking density has a significant influence on animal homeostasis, and so is a crucial factor in the management of organisms in captivity and an important role in ex situ conservation of endangered species. Hypancistrus zebra is an endemic fish species from the Xingu River, Brazil—considered Critically Endangered since the early 2000s due to fishing pressure and, more recently, due to habitat changes resulting from the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Dam. The implementation of appropriate management in captivity is of utmost importance for its conservation, particularly in enhancing ex situ breeding techniques. This study aimed to evaluate the growth of juvenile H. zebra in aquaria with three different stocking density levels. The juveniles were distributed between three treatments, each with three replicates. We found no correlation between biomass and aquarium volume. The highest correlation coefficients were found between growth rates and densities related to the number of individuals per shelter area. Mortality rate was directly related to the initial number of fish in the aquariums, with larger populations showing higher mortality rates. The treatment with lower stocking density displayed the highest growth rate, while the treatment with higher density had the lowest growth rate, with a 23.38% difference between them.
Application of RET Approach for Ratiometric Response Enhancement of ICT Fluorescent Hg2+ Probe based on Crown‐containing Styrylpyridinium Dye
Authors: Panchenko Pavel A. , Efremenko Anastasija V. , Polyakova Anna S. , Feofanov Alexey V. , Ustimova Maria A. , Fedorov Yuri V. , Fedorova Olga A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractStyrylpyridinium dye bearing azadithia‐15‐crown‐5 ether receptor group SP and 4‐alkoxy‐1,8‐naphthalimide fluorophore were linked using copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition click reaction to afford dyad compound NI‐SP. Chemosensor NI‐SP exhibited selective ratiometric fluorescent response to the presence of Hg2+ in aqueous solution due to the interplay between resonance energy transfer (RET) and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) processes occurred upon excitation. The observed switching of the ratio of emission intensities in the blue and red channels R was higher than in the case of monochromophoric styrylpyridine derivative SP showing ratiometric response based on ICT mechanism only. Biological studies revealed that NI‐SP penetrates into human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and accumulates in cytoplasm and lysosomes. When cells were pre‐incubated with mercury (II) perchlorate, the ratio R was increased 2.6 times, which enables detection of intracellular Hg2+ ions and their quantitative analysis in the 0.7–6.0 μM concentration range.
Robust super‐twisting sliding mode control of input‐delayed nonlinear systems using disturbance observers and predictor feedback
Authors: Javadi Ali , Chaichaowarat Ronnapee 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates prediction‐based robust super‐twisting sliding mode controller design for nonlinear systems with input delay and external disturbances. A novel predictor feedback is introduced based on state predictions of the original and transformed models. To cope with the external disturbances, a set of disturbance observers are utilized which estimate the future values of disturbances asymptotically. Super‐twisting sliding mode control is used to avoid chattering phenomenon which is also able to handle external disturbances. Proposed design can handle all external disturbances that their derivatives vanish at infinity. Stability proof of the closed‐loop is given in details ensuring the asymptotic stability of the tracking errors and finite time vanishing of the sliding surface. To illustrate effectiveness and applicability, the proposed design is applied to a two‐link robot and a serial variable stiffness actuator. Simulation results show that input delays of the robot and actuator are compensated, and external disturbances are correctly estimated and attenuated.
Analyzing and Improving Conductive Networks in Commercial High‐Energy Ni‐rich Cathodes
Authors: Lindner Adrian , Both Svenja , Menesklou Wolfgang , Hein Simon , Danner Timo , Latz Arnulf , Krewer Ulrike 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNickel‐rich stoichiometries such as NMC811 have gained increasing relevance for lithium‐ion‐batteries in recent years due to their high specific capacity and reduced use of critical resources. However, low intrinsic electronic conductivity of NMC active materials makes the use of carbon‐based additives necessary. Volume fraction and distribution of the carbon‐binder‐domain (CBD) have a significant impact on the electrode performance. This work combines high‐resolution tomography and microstructure‐resolved simulations to characterize the three‐dimensional transport networks of a commercial NMC811 cathode. FIB‐SEM tomography reveals that low CBD volume fractions with suboptimal distribution cause a non‐percolating conductive network in the microstructure and thus unfavourably low electronic conductivity. Increasing the CBD content through virtual electrode design enables percolation and enhances electronic conductivity fundamentally. Simulations on both the real and virtually designed structures demonstrate how percolating CBD networks lead to a significantly improved energy density.
A novel cytoprotective organ perfusion platform for reconstructing homeostasis of DCD liver while alleviating IRI injury
Authors: Lan Tingting , Yu Mingxing , Ming Tao , Wang Hong , Deng Juan , Cheng Shuhan , Shen Zhongyang , Kong Deling 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPump is a vital component for expelling the perfusate in small animal isolated organ normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) systems whose flexible structure and rhythmic contraction play a crucial role in maintaining perfusion system homeostasis. However, the continuous extrusion forming with the rigid stationary shaft of the peristaltic pumps can damage cells, leading to metabolic disorders and eventual dysfunction of transplanted organs. Here, we developed a novel biomimetic blood‐gas system (BBGs) for preventing cell damage. This system mimics the cardiac cycle and features an adjustable inspiratory‐to‐expiratory (IE) ratio to mitigate acidosis caused by continuous oxygen inhalation. In our study, adipose stem cells (ADSCs) were cultured within the circulatory system for 10 min, 2, and 4 h. Compared to the peristaltic pump, the BBGs significantly reduced cell apoptosis and morphological injury while enhancing cell proliferation and adhesion. Additionally, when the supernatant from ADSCs was introduced to LPS‐induced macrophages for 24 h, the BBGs group demonstrated a more pronounced anti‐inflammatory effect, characterized by reduced M1 macrophage expression. Besides, with isolated rat livers from donation after circulatory death (DCD) perfusion with ADSCs for 6 h by the BBGs, we detected fewer apoptotic cells and a reduced inflammatory response, evidenced by down‐regulated TNF‐α expression. The development of BBGs demonstrates the feasibility of recreating physiological liquid–gas circulation in vitro, offering an alternative platform for isolated organ perfusion, especially for applications involving cell therapy.
Pax6 expressing neuroectodermal and ocular stem cells: Its role from a developmental biology perspective
Authors: More Shubhangi , Mallick Sumit , P. Sudheer Shenoy , Bose Bipasha 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPax‐6 emerges as a critical transcription factor that guides the fate of stem cells towards neural lineages. Its expression influences the differentiation of neural progenitors into diverse neuronal subtypes, glial cells, and other neural cell types. Pax‐6 operates with other regulatory factors to ensure the precise patterning and organization of the developing nervous system. The intricate interplay between Pax‐6 and other signaling pathways, transcription factors, and epigenetic modifiers underpins the complicated balance between stem cell maintenance, proliferation, and differentiation in neuroectodermal and ocular contexts. Dysfunction of Pax‐6 can lead to a spectrum of developmental anomalies, underscoring its importance in these processes. This review highlights the essential role of Pax‐6 expression in neuroectodermal and ocular stem cells, shedding light on its significance in orchestrating the intricate journey from stem cell fate determination to the emergence of diverse neural and ocular cell types. The comprehensive understanding of Pax‐6 function gained from a developmental biology perspective offers valuable insights into normal development and potential therapeutic avenues for neuroectodermal and ocular disorders.
Rationale and design of the randomized COmparison of Methods for Pulmonary blood flow Augmentation: Shunt versus Stent (COMPASS) trial: A Pediatric Heart Network study
Authors: Petit Christopher J. , Romano Jennifer C. , Zampi Jeffrey D. , Pasquali Sara K. , McCracken Courtney E. , Chanani Nikhil K. , Les Andrea S. , Burns Kristin M. , Crosby‐Thompson Allison , Stylianou Mario , Kato Bernet , Glatz Andrew C. ,   for the Pediatric Heart Network Investigators
Published: September 2024

AbstractNeonates with congenital heart disease (CHD) and ductal‐dependent pulmonary blood flow (DD‐PBF) require early intervention. Historically, this intervention was most often a surgical systemic‐to‐pulmonary shunt (SPS; e.g., Blalock–Thomas–Taussig shunt). However, over the past two decades an alternative to SPS has emerged in the form of transcatheter ductal artery stenting (DAS). While many reports have indicated safety and durability of the DAS approach, few studies compare outcomes between DAS and SPS. The reports that do exist are comprised primarily of small‐cohort single‐center reviews. Two multicenter retrospective studies suggest that DAS is associated with similar or superior survival compared to SPS. These studies offer the best evidence to‐date, and yet both have important limitations. The authors describe herein the rationale and design of the COMPASS (COmparison of Methods for Pulmonary blood flow Augmentation: Shunt vs. Stent) Trial (NCT05268094, IDE G210212). The COMPASS Trial aims to randomize 236 neonates with DD‐PBF to either DAS or SPS across approximately 27 pediatric centers in North America. The goal of this trial is to compare important clinical outcomes between DAS and SPS over the first year of life in a cohort of neonates balanced by randomization to assess whether one method of palliation demonstrates therapeutic superiority.
Impact of multiple ballooning on coronary lesions as assessed by optical coherence tomography and intravascular ultrasound
Authors: Kanzaki Yusuke , Ueki Yasushi , Sunohara Daisuke , Okina Yoshiteru , Nomi Hidetomo , Machida Keisuke , Kashiwagi Daisuke , Yoda Hidetsugu , Maruyama Shusaku , Nagae Ayumu , Kato Tamon , Saigusa Tatsuya , Dijkstra Jouke , Ebisawa Soichiro , Kuwahara Koichiro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundOptimal lesion preparation for coronary lesions has been reappraised in the interventional community, given the increasing use of drug‐coated balloons for de novo lesions; however, whether multiple ballooning could achieve more favorable angiographic results compared with single ballooning remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the incremental effect of multiple ballooning on de novo coronary lesions over single ballooning as assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).MethodsPatients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) undergoing PCI were enrolled. Ballooning before stent implantation was repeatedly performed for three times using the same semi‐compliant balloon. OCT and IVUS were performed after each balloon dilatation. Primary outcome measure was the difference in the mean lumen area between post‐1st ballooning (1B) and post‐3rd ballooning (3B) as assessed by OCT.ResultsA total of 32 lesions in 30 patients undergoing PCI between May 2021 and August 2022 were analyzed. Major plaque types of the lesions were fibrous (68.8%) and lipid (28.1%). Mean lumen area by OCT was significantly increased from 1B to 3B (5.9 ± 2.9 mm2 vs. 6.0 ± 2.9 mm2, difference: 0.2 ± 0.4 mm2, p = 0.040). There were significant increases from 1B to 3B in minimum lumen area by OCT (3.1 ± 1.5 mm2 vs. 3.6 ± 1.7 mm2, difference: 0.5 ± 0.6 mm2, p < 0.001) and mean dissection angle by OCT (65.6 ± 24.9° vs. 95.2 ± 34.0°, difference: 29.6 ± 25.5°, p < 0.001). Additionally, mean plaque area by IVUS was significantly decreased (8.0 ± 4.2 mm2 vs. 7.8 ± 4.1 mm2, difference: −0.2 ± 0.2 mm2, p < 0.001).ConclusionsAmong CCS patients with mainly non‐calcified lesions, multiple ballooning significantly increased the lumen area and dissection angle compared with single ballooning.
The significance of uterine artery embolization in the treatment of utero‐cervical cancer: A single case report
Authors: Yadav Preeti Kumari , Sharma Abhimanyu , Ali Muhammad , Khan Nida , Al Balushi Jubran , Farooq Hajrah , Purohit Sree Abhilekha , Ali Sofia , Jayan Malavika , Nigam Archit Kumar , Singh Mansi 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessageUterine artery embolization demonstrated significant efficacy in the treatment of utero‐cervical cancer. This minimally invasive procedure holds promise as a valuable adjunct therapy, potentially offering improved outcomes and reduced morbidity in select cases. Further research is warranted to validate its broader clinical utility.AbstractVaginal bleeding is a common complication of Cervical cancer that can be considered a critical emergency. Conventional hemostatic treatments may occasionally help reduce the bleeding but are not an effective long‐term solution. Uterine Artery Embolization, a minimally invasive intervention, can halt the bleeding, achieving hemostasis, while removing many of the complications that alternative interventions carry. We outline a case study of a patient with extensive vaginal bleeding who had uterocervical malignancy and talk about the benefits of uterine artery embolisation for therapeutic management.
The Effect of Hyperconjugation and Hydrogen Bonding on the Conformers of Methylated Monosaccharides
Authors: Whiteside Juliette C. , Insausti Aran , Ma Jiarui , Hazrah Arsh S. , Jäger Wolfgang , Xu Yunjie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe conformational landscapes of four 1‐O‐methylated monosaccharides—methyl α‐glucose, methyl β‐glucose, methyl α‐galactose, and methyl β‐galactose—were characterized using jet‐cooled broadband rotational spectroscopy, supported by density functional theory calculations. A newly designed, simple pulsed nozzle assembly was used to introduce the sugar samples into a jet expansion without thermal degradation, eliminating the need for a complex and expensive laser ablation system. Ten conformers were experimentally identified by assigning their rotational spectra, and the intricate methyl internal rotation splittings were analysed. Notably, methylation alters the directionality of intramolecular hydrogen bonding of α‐galactose highlighting its impact on structural preference. Natural bond orbital, intrinsic bond strength, and non‐covalent interaction analyses were conducted to explore the interplay between hydrogen bonding and hyperconjugation. A set of σ to σ* neutral hyperconjugative interactions was found to override a strong hydrogen bond, driving a preference for the gauche conformers.
Cascade Reactions of Alkynyl Ketones and Amides to Generate Unsaturated Oxacycles and Aromatic Carbocycles
Authors: Rajapaksa Kumudi J. W. , Yan Wong Hang , Lee Daesung 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe describe novel amine‐mediated transformation of alkynyl ketones and amides to generate 2‐methylene‐2H‐pyrans, substituted 3‐hydroxy‐9H‐fluoren‐9‐ones, and amine‐incorporated arenes. These cascade processes are initiated by conjugate addition of secondary amine followed by hydrolysis of the enamine/vinylogous amide intermediates. The product distribution is highly sensitive to the steric and electronic effects of the substituents on both the alkyne moieties, the tether structure connecting them, and the nature of the amine. Alkynyl amide participates in the Alder‐ene reaction favorably to generate more reactive allene amide that reacts with amine to generate amine‐incorporated arene products. These metal‐free cascade reactions are a useful synthetic method that can be exploited for the construction of various hetero‐ and carbocyclic systems.
Regioselective Electrochemical Construction of Csp2−Csp2 Linkage at C5−C5’ Position of 2‐Oxindoles via an Intermolecular Anodic Dehydrogenative Coupling
Authors: Shaheeda Saina , Sharma Sulekha , Mandal Nilangshu , Shyamal Pranay , Datta Ayan , Paul Amit , Bisai Alakesh 
Published: September 2024

AbstractApplying electricity as a reagent in synthetic organic chemistry has attracted particular attention from synthetic chemists worldwide as an environmentally benign and cost‐effective technique. Herein, we report the construction of the Csp2−Csp2 linkage at the C5−C5’ position of 2‐oxindole utilizing electricity as the traceless oxidant in an anodic dehydrogenative homo‐coupling process. A variety of 3,3‐disubstituted‐2‐oxindoles were subjected to dimerization, achieving yields of up to 70 % through controlled potential electrolysis at an applied potential of 1.5 V versus Ag/Ag+ nonaqueous reference electrode. This electro‐synthetic approach facilitates the specific assembly of C5−C5’ (para‐para coupled) dimer of 3,3‐disubstituted‐2‐oxindole without the necessity of any external oxidants or additives and DFT (Density Functional Theory) calculations provided confirmation of this pronounced regioselectivity. Furthermore, validation through control experiments and voltammetric analyses substantiated the manifestation of radical‐radical coupling (or biradical pathway) for the dimerization process.
Novel deep‐learning model for chemical process fault detection based onDCWtransformer
Authors: Xie Ying , Hu Fanchao , Zhu Yuan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this study, a double‐channel convolutional neural network and weighted (DCW) transformer model is proposed to address the problem of insufficient extraction of local information and no attention to channel‐step information in the traditional transformer model. First, a double‐channel information extraction method is proposed, so both the channel‐step and time‐step information achieve attention; second, the local information in the time and channel dimension of the data is extracted from deep and multiple scales, improving the feature extraction capability for local information; third, the long distance dependency relationship of the data is preserved by the attention mechanism, hence, the global correlation of the data is extracted effectively; finally, using the Gumbel‐SoftMax function, the weights of the time‐step and channel‐step feature information are assigned, so the extracted feature information has been optimized. The proposed method was applied for the penicillin fermentation process to verify its efficacy. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieved a better fault detection accuracy, outperforming the existing models. Further ablation experiments were conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of each component of the proposed model.