bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methodological concerns related to response bias in migrant and seasonal farmworkers
Authors: Benson Jemma , Garrison Emma , Dropkin Jonathan , Jenkins Paul L. 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundThe original objective was to measure the impact of kneepads on musculoskeletal pain in migrant and seasonal farmworkers (MSFWs). Secondary analyses were conducted to quantify the extent to which response bias may have skewed the study's results.MethodsSurveys were used to collect data on baseline pain and post‐intervention pain, the amount of time participants spent wearing kneepads, and their overall ratings of the intervention.ResultsParticipants did not experience significantly less pain with kneepads, and wore them for considerably less than the prescribed amount of time. However, subjects rated them very favorably. Given the strong suspicion of response bias, no firm conclusions could be drawn regarding the intervention.ConclusionsUnique survey methodologies must be used with MSFWs, who tend to have low research literacy and are particularly susceptible to response bias. Objective study outcomes are particularly favorable in this population in order to minimize dependence on self‐reported measures. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:1112–1119, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A case of type 2 diabetes mellitus with metformin‐associated lactic acidosis initially presenting the appearance of a sulfonylurea‐related hypoglycemic attack
Authors: Nishihama Kota , Maki Kanako , Okano Yuko , Hashimoto Rei , Hotta Yasuhiro , Uemura Mei , Yasuma Taro , Suzuki Toshinari , Hayashi Toyomi , Ishikawa Eiji , Yano Yutaka , Gabazza Esteban C. , Ito Masaaki , Takei Yoshiyuki 
Published: August 2016

CaseA 64‐year‐old Japanese woman with diabetes mellitus was admitted for hypoglycemia. Her diabetes had been under good control with glimepiride, voglibose, exenatide, and metformin for a few years. Although overt proteinuria was observed, the serum creatinine values were within normal range during the routine outpatient follow‐up. Hypoglycemic attack caused by glimepiride and loss of appetite by urinary tract infection were diagnosed. Then, metformin‐associated lactic acidosis with acute renal failure caused by dehydration was detected.OutcomeHer condition was improved by continuous veno‐venous hemodiafiltration and hemodialysis, known to be useful to remove metformin.ConclusionWe reported a case of metformin‐associated lactic acidosis with hypoglycemia during routine treatment of diabetes that was successfully rescued by early renal replacement therapy.
Highly Efficient Multiphoton‐Pumped Frequency‐Upconversion Stimulated Blue Emission with Ultralow Threshold from Highly Extended Ladder‐Type Oligo(p‐phenylene)s
Authors: Guo Lei , Li King Fai , Zhang Xiaoqin , Cheah Kok Wai , Wong Man Shing 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA series of highly extended π‐conjugated ladder‐type oligo(p‐phenylene)s containing up to 10 phenyl rings with (L)‐Ph(n)‐NPh (n=7–10) or without diphenylamino endcaps (L)‐Ph(n) (n=7 and 8) were synthesized and investigated for their multiphoton absorption properties for frequency upconverted blue ASE/lasing. Extremely large two‐photon absorption (2PA) cross‐sections and highly efficient 2PA ASE/lasing with ultralow threshold were achieved. (L)‐Ph(10)‐NPh exhibits the highest intrinsic 2PA cross‐section of 3643 GM for a blue emissive organic fluorophore reported so far. The record‐high 2PA pumped ASE/lasing efficiency of 2.06 % was obtained by un‐endcapped oligomer, (L)‐Ph(8) rather than that with larger σ2, suggesting that a molecule with larger σ2 is not guaranteed to exhibit higher η2. All of these oligomers exhibit exceptionally ultralow 2PA pumped ASE/lasing thresholds, among which the lowest 2PA pumped threshold of circa 0.26 μJ was achieved by (L)‐Ph(10)‐NPh.
Mechanistic Insights into Catalytic Ethanol Steam Reforming Using Isotope‐Labeled Reactants
Authors: Crowley Stephen , Castaldi Marco J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe low‐temperature ethanol steam reforming (ESR) reaction mechanism over a supported Rh/Pt catalyst has been investigated using isotope‐labeled EtOH and H2O. Through strategic isotope labeling, all nonhydrogen atoms were distinct from one another, and allowed an unprecedented level of understanding of the dominant reaction pathways. All combinations of isotope‐ and non‐isotope‐labeled atoms were detected in the products, thus there are multiple pathways involved in H2, CO, CO2, CH4, C2H4, and C2H6 product formation. Both the recombination of C species on the surface of the catalyst and preservation of the C−C bond within ethanol are responsible for C2 product formation. Ethylene is not detected until conversion drops below 100 % at t=1.25 h. Also, quantitatively, 57 % of the observed ethylene is formed directly through ethanol dehydration. Finally there is clear evidence to show that oxygen in the SiO2‐ZrO2 support constitutes 10 % of the CO formed during the reaction.
Multistimuli‐Responsive Bilirubin Nanoparticles for Anticancer Therapy
Authors: Lee Yonghyun , Lee Soyoung , Lee Dong Yun , Yu Byeongjun , Miao Wenjun , Jon Sangyong 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAlthough stimuli‐responsive materials hold potential for use as drug‐delivery carriers for treating cancers, their clinical translation has been limited. Ideally, materials used for the purpose should be biocompatible and nontoxic, provide “on‐demand” drug release in response to internal or external stimuli, allow large‐scale manufacturing, and exhibit intrinsic anticancer efficacy. We present multistimuli‐responsive nanoparticles formed from bilirubin, a potent endogenous antioxidant that possesses intrinsic anticancer and anti‐inflammatory activity. Exposure of the bilirubin nanoparticles (BRNPs) to either reactive oxygen species (ROS) or external laser light causes rapid disruption of the BRNP nanostructure as a result of a switch in bilirubin solubility, thereby releasing encapsulated drugs. In a xenograft tumor model, BRNPs loaded with the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX@BRNPs), when combined with laser irradiation of 650 nm, significantly inhibited tumor growth. This study suggests that BRNPs may be used as a drug‐delivery carrier as well as a companion medicine for effectively treating cancers.
Amorphous Li2O2: Chemical Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties
Authors: Zhang Yelong , Cui Qinghua , Zhang Xinmin , McKee William C. , Xu Ye , Ling Shigang , Li Hong , Zhong Guiming , Yang Yong , Peng Zhangquan 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWhen aprotic Li–O2 batteries discharge, the product phase formed in the cathode often contains two different morphologies, that is, crystalline and amorphous Li2O2. The morphology of Li2O2 impacts strongly on the electrochemical performance of Li–O2 cells in terms of energy efficiency and rate capability. Crystalline Li2O2 is readily available and its properties have been studied in depth for Li–O2 batteries. However, little is known about the amorphous Li2O2 because of its rarity in high purity. Herein, amorphous Li2O2 has been synthesized by a rapid reaction of tetramethylammonium superoxide and LiClO4 in solution, and its amorphous nature has been confirmed by a range of techniques. Compared with its crystalline siblings, amorphous Li2O2 demonstrates enhanced charge‐transport properties and increased electro‐oxidation kinetics, manifesting itself a desirable discharge phase for high‐performance Li–O2 batteries.
Homochiral [2.2]Paracyclophane Self‐Assembly Promoted by Transannular Hydrogen Bonding
Authors: Fagnani Danielle E. , Meese Michael J. , Abboud Khalil A. , Castellano Ronald K. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract[2.2]paracyclophane (pCp), unlike many π‐building blocks, has been virtually unexplored in supramolecular constructs. Reported here is the synthesis and characterization of the first pCp derivatives capable of programmed self‐assembly into extended cofacial π‐stacks in solution and the solid state. The design employs transannular (intramolecular) hydrogen bonds (H‐bonds), hitherto unstudied in pCps, between pseudo‐ortho‐positioned amides of a pCp‐4,7,12,15‐tetracarboxamide (pCpTA) to preorganize the molecules for intermolecular H‐bonding with π‐stacked neighbors. X‐ray crystallography confirms the formation of homochiral, one‐dimensional pCpTA stacks helically laced with two H‐bond strands. The chiral sense is dictated by the planar chirality (Rp or Sp) of the pCpTA monomers. A combination of NMR, IR, and UV/Vis studies confirms the formation of the first supramolecular pCp polymers in solution.
Photoinduced Multicomponent Reactions
Authors: Garbarino Silvia , Ravelli Davide , Protti Stefano , Basso Andrea 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe combination of multicomponent approaches with light‐driven processes opens up new scenarios in the area of synthetic organic chemistry, where the need for sustainable, atom‐ and energy‐efficient reactions is increasingly urgent. Photoinduced multicomponent reactions are still in their infancy, but significant developments in this area are expected in the near future.
Microscopic and mechanical properties of semi‐crystalline and amorphous polymeric parts produced by laser cutting
Authors: Karimzad Ghavidel Ayub , Shabgard Mohammadreza , Biglari Hasan 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTMicroscopic and mechanical properties of polymeric parts are effective factors on their durability. Laser cutting is one of the most common methods for production of 2D polymeric parts. Experimental study of the mentioned properties of semi‐crystalline and amorphous polymeric parts after laser cutting is conducted in this research. Low density polyethylene (LDPE) and polystyrene (PS) are considered as semi‐crystalline and amorphous polymers, respectively. Laser power and cutting velocity were selected as input parameters of cutting process. According to microscopic observations, the microcracks, re‐solidified spots of molten material, and sink marks just appear in heat affected zone (HAZ) on amorphous polymer. Results also showed that the HAZ width and surface roughness values are smaller for semi‐crystalline polymer. For both polymers, decreasing of power and increasing of cutting velocity reduce the HAZ and surface roughness. In the case of mechanical properties, tensile strength of semi‐crystalline and amorphous polymers reduces after laser cutting. Results of experiments revealed that the extension of HAZ and deterioration of surface finish decrease tensile strength of parts. Therefore, lower power and higher cutting velocity condition is preferable for reaching the better mechanical properties. Furthermore, two separate mathematical models for each polymer are presented for prediction of tensile strength after laser cutting process. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44179.
Thermo‐responsive polymers for drag reduction in turbulent Taylor–Couette flow
Authors: Bhambri Pallavi , Narain Ravin , Fleck Brian A. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe addition of a small amount of high molecular weight polymer to a solvent can substantially decrease friction losses by approximately 80%. This phenomenon known as drag reduction (DR) is used extensively in oil recovery during hydraulic fracturing and in many other applications to reduce the pumping costs. However, because of long chain length, these polymers get adsorbed on the surface of reservoir, diminishing the effectiveness of fracking. In the current study, a thermo‐responsive polymer, i.e., poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) is investigated as a drag reducing agent (DRA), which collapses reversibly above 33 °C known as lower critical solution temperature (LCST), thereby preventing it from getting adsorbed beyond this temperature. Free radical polymerization was used to synthesize the PNIPAM and a Taylor–Couette (TC) setup with a rotating inner cylinder was utilized for measuring the DR. The effect of concentration, Reynolds number (Re), and temperature on DR were studied and a maximum of 50% DR was observed at 400 PPM concentration. PNIPAM demonstrated significant decrease in DR beyond LCST, validating its thermo‐responsive nature that could be beneficial for DR in oil recovery or in providing a control modality to DR technologies.DR versus temperature for PNIPAM solution (500 PPM) at Re = 100,000 demonstrating responsive behavior with temperature © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44191.
Brief Report: Synovial Fluid White Blood Cell Count in Knee Osteoarthritis: Association With Structural Findings and Treatment Response
Authors: McCabe Paul S. , Parkes Matthew J. , Maricar Nasimah , Hutchinson Charles E. , Freemont Anthony , O'Neill Terence W. , Felson David T. 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveOsteoarthritis (OA) is a disease with a significant inflammatory component. The aim of this analysis was to determine the relationship between synovial fluid (SF) white blood cell (WBC) count and 2 parameters: disease severity and the reduction in knee pain after intraarticular (IA) steroid injection.MethodsSubjects with painful knee OA were recruited for participation in an open‐label study of IA steroid therapy. Information was obtained about knee pain using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire, and a proportion of subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Prior to injection with 80 mg methylprednisolone acetate, the index knee joint was aspirated and the fluid obtained was forwarded for assessment of SF WBC count.ResultsInformation on SF WBC count was available for 55 subjects. An increase in WBC count category (≤100, 101–250, and 251–1,000 cells/mm3) was associated with an increase in synovial tissue volume (P = 0.028) and with other MRI‐based measures of disease severity. Also, with each increase in SF WBC count category, there was a greater reduction in KOOS score after steroid injection (for WBC count of ≤100 cells/mm3 [referent], mean ± SD 12.5 ± 15.2; for WBC count of 101–250 cells/mm3, mean ± SD 21.3 ± 20.6 [β coefficient 0.279, P = 0.049]; for WBC count of 251–1,000 cells/mm3, mean ± SD 29.3 ± 15.2 [β coefficient 0.320, P = 0.024]).ConclusionAlthough all participants in the analysis had SF WBC counts within the “normal” range, total SF WBC count appears to be a biomarker for synovitis on MRI and may also predict response to antiinflammatory treatment.
Synchronization of General Linear Multi‐Agent Systems With Measurement Noises
Authors: Liu Wenhui , Yang Chunjie , Deng Feiqi , Liang Jiarong 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis paper studies the synchronization of general linear multi‐agent systems with measurement noises in mean square. It shows that the conventional consensus protocol is efficient and robust to the additive and multiplicative measurement noises in mean square. For the additive measurement noises which are independent of the relative‐states, it shows that the multi‐agent systems can achieve synchronization in practical mean square. For the multiplicative measurement noises which are dependent of the relative‐states, it shows that the multi‐agent systems can achieve synchronization in (strict) mean square. Furthermore, the new consensus protocol is better than the conventional one at some specific situations, i.e., the multi‐agent systems with additive measurement noises can also achieve synchronization in (strict) mean square. Numerical simulations are also provided and the results show highly consistent with the theoretical results.
Mathematical model for optimising the sequence for clearing snow from the manoeuvring area during winter operations
Authors: Fernández César Marín , Gómez V. F. , Arnaldo R. M. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThis article considers the optimisation of the sequence for clearing snow from stretches of the manoeuvring area of an airport. This issue involves the optimisation of limited resources to remove snow from taxiways and runways thereby leaving them in an acceptable condition for operating aircraft. The airfield is divided into subsets of significant stretches for the purpose of operations and target times are established during which these are open to aircraft traffic. The document contains several mathematical models each with different functions, such as the end time of the process, the sum of the end times of each stretch and gap between the estimated and the real end times. During this process, we introduce different operating restrictions on partial fulfilment of the operational targets as applied to zones of special interest, or relating to the operation of the snow‐clearing machines. The problem is solved by optimisation based on linear programming. The article gives the results of the computational tests carried out on five distinct models of the manoeuvring area, which cover increasingly complex situations and larger areas. The mathematical model is particularised for the case of the manoeuvring area of Adolfo Suarez Madrid—Barajas Airport. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Highlights
Optimal sequence for clearing snow from the manoeuvring area of an airport.
Contains optimising algorithms solved using CPLEX LP‐based tree search.
Restrictions on partial fulfilment of operational targets applied to subsets of significant stretches, used for planning the operation of snow‐clearing machines.
Model applied to the case of the manoeuvring area of Adolfo Suárez Madrid Barajas Airport.
Conclusions are given on the results of the computational tests carried out. There are five models of the manoeuvring area which cover increasingly complex situations and larger areas.
Noninvasive early detection of anthracycline‐induced cardiotoxicity in patients with hematologic malignancies using the phased tracking method
Authors: Saito Yoshiko , Susukida Ikuko , Uzuka Yoshiro , Kanai Hiroshi 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAnthracyclines are among the most effective and widely used anticancer drugs; however, their use is limited by serious cardiotoxicity. Early detection is necessary to prevent the high mortality rate associated with heart failure (HF). We evaluated cardiac function in 142 patients using conventional echocardiography and the phased tracking method (PTM), which was measured using the minute vibration and the rapid motion components, neither of which is recognized in standard M‐mode nor in tissue Doppler imaging. For systolic function comparison, we compared left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in conventional echocardiography with the average velocity of ventricular septum myocytes (Vave) in the PTM. The Vave of 12 healthy volunteers was 1.5 (m/s)/m or more. At baseline of 99 patients, there was a positive correlation between LVEF and Vave in all patients. There were no significant differences in baseline cardiac function between patients with and without HF. There was a negative correlation between the cumulative anthracycline dose and LVEF or Vave among all patients. We determined that Vave 1.5 (m/s)/m was equivalent to LVEF 60%, 1.25 (m/s)/m to 55%, and 1.0 (m/s)/m to 50%. During the follow‐up period, there was a pathological decrease in LVEF (<55%) and Vave (<1.25 m/s/m) in patients with HF; decreases in Vave were detected significantly earlier than those in LVEF (P < 0.001). When Vave declined to 1.5 (m/s)/m or less, careful continuous observation and cardiac examination was required. When Vave further declined to 1.0 (m/s)/m or lower, chemotherapy was postponed or discontinued; thus, serious drug‐induced cardiomyopathy was avoided in patients who did not relapse. The PTM was superior to echocardiography for early, noninvasive detection and intermediate‐term monitoring of left ventricle systolic function associated with anthracycline chemotherapy, among patients with hematologic malignancies. The PTM was an effective laboratory procedure to avoid the progression to serious cardiomyopathy.
PRDM5 promotes the proliferation and invasion of murine melanoma cells through up‐regulating JNK expression
Authors: Wang Lei , Ding Qiong‐Qiong , Gao Shan‐Shan , Yang Hai‐Jie , Wang Mian , Shi Yu , Cheng Bin‐Feng , Bi Jia‐Jia , Feng Zhi‐Wei 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPRDM (PRDI‐BF1 and RIZ domain‐containing) proteins constitute a family of zinc finger proteins and play important roles in multiple cellular processes by acting as epigenetic modifiers. PRDM5 is a recently identified member of the PRDM family and may function as a tumor suppressor in several types of cancer. However, the role of PRDM5 in murine melanoma remains largely unknown. In our study, effect of PRDM5 on murine melanoma cells was determined and results showed that PRDM5 overexpression significantly promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of murine melanoma B16F10 cells. Consistently, silencing of PRDM5 expression significantly inhibited proliferation, invasion, and migration of B16F10 cells. In vivo study also showed that PRDM5 silencing significantly inhibited the growth and metastasis of melanoma in mice. PRDM5 was then found to increase the expression and activation of JNK in B16F10 cells. JNK silencing significantly reduced PRDM5‐mediated up‐regulation of JNK expression and blocked the PRDM5‐induced proliferation and invasion of B16F10 cells. To further verify the involvement of JNK signaling in PRDM5‐induced progression of B16F10 cells, a specific JNK inhibitor was employed to inhibit the JNK signaling pathway, and results showed that PRDM5‐induced proliferation and invasion of B16F10 cells were abolished. We conclude that PRDM5 promotes the proliferation and invasion of murine melanoma cells through up‐regulating JNK expression and strategies targeting PRDM5 may be promising for the therapy of melanoma.
Chemical Constituents and Insecticidal Activities ofAjania fruticulosaEssential Oil
Authors: Liang Jun‐Yu , Guo Shan‐Shan , You Chun‐Xue , Zhang Wen‐Juan , Wang Cheng‐Fang , Geng Zhu‐Feng , Deng Zhi‐Wei , Du Shu‐Shan , Zhang Ji 
Published: August 2016

The insecticidal activity and chemical constituents of the essential oil fromAjania fruticulosawere investigated. Twelve constituents representing 91.0% of the essential oil were identified, and the main constituents were 1,8‐cineole (41.40%), (+)‐camphor (32.10%), and myrtenol (8.15%). The essential oil exhibited contact toxicity againstTribolium castaneumandLiposcelis bostrychophilaadults withLD50values of 105.67 μg/adult and 89.85 μg/cm2, respectively. The essential oil also showed fumigant toxicity against two species of insect withLC50values of 11.52 and 0.65 mg/l, respectively. 1,8‐Cineole exhibited excellent fumigant toxicity (LC50 = 5.47 mg/l) againstT. castaneum. (+)‐Camphor showed obvious fumigant toxicity (LC50 = 0.43 mg/l) againstL. bostrychophila. Myrtenol showed contact toxicity (LD50 = 29.40 μg/cm2) and fumigant toxicity (LC50 = 0.50 mg/l) againstL. bostrychophila. 1,8‐Cineole and (+)‐camphor showed strong insecticidal activity to some important insects, and they are main constituents ofA. fruticulosaessential oil. The two compounds may be related to insecticidal activity ofA. fruticulosaessential oil againstT. castaneumandL. bostrychophila.
A case of Klumpke's obstetric brachial plexus palsy following a Cesarean section
Authors: Al‐Qattan Mohammad M. , El‐Sayed Amel A. F. 
Published: August 2016

Key Clinical MessageIt is generally thought that Klumpke's palsy is not seen as obstetric injury. The authors present a case of Klumpke's palsy with Horner syndrome following delivery by emergency Cesarean section. Neurolysis and nerve grafting partially corrected the paralysis.