bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and Course of Enthesitis in a Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Inception Cohort
Authors: Rumsey Dax G. , Guzman Jaime , Rosenberg Alan M. , Huber Adam M. , Scuccimarri Rosie , Shiff Natalie J. , Bruns Alessandra , Feldman Brian M. , Eurich Dean T. ,   the Research in Arthritis in Canadian Children Emphasizing Outcomes Investigators
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveTo describe the prevalence, associated characteristics, and course of enthesitis in a juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) inception cohort.MethodsCanadian children newly diagnosed with JIA between 2005 and 2010 were categorized using International League of Associations for Rheumatology criteria at the 6‐month visit and followed in the Research in Arthritis in Canadian Children Emphasizing Outcomes (ReACCh‐Out) cohort for up to 5 years. The presence of entheseal tenderness on examination at 33 sites shown on a homunculus was recorded at 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months after enrollment. Enthesitis was defined as entheseal tenderness at more than 1 site or on more than 1 occasion. Analyses consisted of descriptive statistics and linear mixed models for longitudinal data.ResultsOf 1,406 patients, 219 (16%) had enthesitis and, of those with enthesitis, 141 (64%) were classified as having enthesitis‐related arthritis (ERA). Children with enthesitis were more often older (10.7 versus 7.5 years), male (57% versus 31%), and with polyarthritis (57% versus 41%) and sacroiliac involvement (30% versus 4%). Entheseal tenderness was most frequent at the calcaneal plantar fascial insertion (39%), Achilles tendon insertion (31%), and tibial tuberosity (30%). The mean number of tender entheseal sites decreased in parallel with active joint counts. There was no difference in active joint counts over time in children with or without enthesitis (P = 0.73).ConclusionEnthesitis was observed in 16% of patients with JIA, but only two thirds were categorized as having ERA. Contrary to expectations, most children with enthesitis had polyarticular involvement. The course of enthesitis paralleled the course of active joint counts.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Quinazoline‐Based Heterocycles through Phosphine‐Catalyzed Asymmetric [3+3] Annulation of Morita−Baylis−Hillman Carbonates with Azomethine Imines
Authors: Zhou Leijie , Yuan Chunhao , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Lei , Gao Zhenzhen , Wang Chang , Liu Honglei , Wu Yang , Guo Hongchao 
Published: April 2017

AbstractEnantioselective synthesis of chiral quinazoline‐based heterocycles is achieved through a chiral phosphine‐catalyzed [3+3] annulation reaction of quinazoline‐based 1,3‐dipoles with Morita−Baylis−Hillman carbonates. The reaction proceeds smoothly under mild conditions to give various chiral heterocyclic compounds in high yields with excellent diastereoselectivities and enantioselectivities. Further diverse elaborations of the annulation products work well to produce novel tetrahydroquinazoline derivatives.magnified image
Palladium/Phosphorus‐Doped Porous Organic Polymer as Recyclable Chemoselective and Efficient Hydrogenation Catalyst under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Ding Zong‐Cang , Li Cun‐Yao , Chen Jun‐Jia , Zeng Jia‐Hao , Tang Hai‐Tao , Ding Yun‐Jie , Zhan Zhuang‐Ping 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA new type of phosphorus‐doped porous organic polymer (POP) has been readily synthesized through a Heck reaction, which could be used not only as a support but also a ligand for palladium nanoparticles. The dual‐functional material supported palladium nanocatalyst was used for the efficient and chemoselective hydrogenation of varieties of nitroarenes and α,β‐unsaturated compounds, as well as for the synthesis of indoles from 2‐nitrophenylacetonitrile under 1 atm hydrogen in green solvents at room temperature. No obvious aggregation and loss of catalytic activity of the new nanocatalyst were observed after 10 runs in the reaction.magnified image
Growth and breakup of a wet agglomerate in a dry gas–solid fluidized bed
Authors: Boyce Christopher M. , Ozel Ali , Kolehmainen Jari , Sundaresan Sankaran , McKnight Craig A. , Wormsbecker Michael 
Published: April 2017

SignificanceUsing CFD‐DEM simulations, a wet agglomerate of particles was placed in a void region of a dry vigorously fluidized bed to understand how wet agglomerates grow or breakup and how liquid spreads when agglomerates interact with dry fluidized particles. In the CFD‐DEM model, cohesive and viscous forces arising from liquid bridges between particles were modeled, as well as a finite rate of liquid bridge filling. The liquid properties were varied between different simulations to vary Bond number (surface tension forces/gravitational forces) and Capillary number (viscous forces/surface tension forces) in the system. Resulting agglomerate behavior was divided into regimes of (i) the agglomerate breaking up, (ii) the agglomerate retaining its initial form, but not growing, and (iii) the agglomerate retaining its initial form and growing. Regimes were mapped based on Bo and Ca. Implications of agglomerate behavior on spreading of liquid to initially dry particles were investigated. This article identifies a new way to map agglomerate growth and breakup behavior based on Bo and Ca. In modeling both liquid forces and a finite rate of liquid transfer, it identifies the complex influence viscosity has on agglomeration by strengthening liquid bridges while slowing their formation. Viewing Ca as the ratio of bridge formation time to particle collision and separation time capture why agglomerates with high Ca struggle to grow. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 2520–2527, 2017
Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Hispidanin A
Authors: Deng Heping , Cao Wei , Liu Rong , Zhang Yanhui , Liu Bo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAsymmetric total synthesis of the dimeric diterpenoid hispidanin A was accomplished by non‐catalytic Diels–Alder cycloaddition at room temperature. The synthesis relies on iron‐catalyzed coupling to construct a Z‐configured trisubstituted alkene, an iron‐catalyzed radical cascade to generate a labdane‐type diene, and both Yamamoto cationic polyene cyclization and palladium‐catalyzed Stille coupling to generate a totarane‐type dienophile.
The behavioral and physiological effects of high‐fat diet and alcohol consumption: Sex differences in C57BL6/J mice
Authors: Gelineau Rachel R. , Arruda Nicole L. , Hicks Jasmin A. , Monteiro De Pina Isabella , Hatzidis Aikaterini , Seggio Joseph A. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveAnimal studies can be a great tool to investigate sex differences in a variety of different ways, including behavioral and physiological responses to drug treatments and different “lifestyle variables” such as diets. Consumption of both high‐fat diets and alcohol is known to affect anxiety behaviors and overall health. This project investigated how high‐fat diet and alcohol access and its combination affected the behavior and physiology of male and female C57BL/6J mice.MethodMice were separated into three food groups: high‐fat diet, 10% fat diet, and regular chow, and each group was paired with either water or 10% alcohol. Behavioral assays included diet and alcohol preference, light‐dark box, open field, and feeding and drinking measurements. Physiological measures included glucose tolerance tests and measurement of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, insulin, and leptin levels.ResultsFemales and males differed in the open field, as male mice decreased activity, while females increased activity when consuming high‐fat diet. While females consumed more ethanol than males, alcohol consumption was able to improve glucose tolerance and increase anxiety in both sexes. Lastly, females were more resistant to the physiological changes caused by high‐fat diet than males, as females consuming high‐fat diet exhibited decreased insulin secretion, less change to brain‐derived neurotrophic factor levels, and better glucose tolerance than males consuming high‐fat diet.ConclusionThese results suggest that the response to high‐fat diet and alcohol consumption is sex dependent and that males are more affected both behaviorally and physiologically by high‐fat diet compared to females.
Therapist response to a distressed client: Differences in active listening and changes in negative affect
Authors: Altabef David , Meier Scott , Reynolds Amy , Delucia Janice , Friedling Lily 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundWhile talking through distress can help ease client distress, listening to distressed individuals can be a challenging task for psychotherapists who do so routinely.AimsConsequently we explore factors that account for variance in emotional reactions to distress among therapists. These included beliefs about responsibility for helping, professional training, and demographic variables.Materials & MethodsSeventy‐one psychotherapists observed an online video of a distressed individual and then completed measures of negative affect (NA), therapist beliefs about their role, and demographics and professional training. Participants also wrote a brief response after the video describing what they would say to the distressed individual.ResultsFindings suggested a complex set of relations among variables. Female therapists who were Counselling Psychologists and reported lower need for control in therapeutic situations were more likely to employ active listening (AL) responses and evidence NA decreases post‐video. Female Counselling Psychologists who wrote a non‐AL response, however, evidenced an increase in NA pre‐post video.DiscussionResults suggested the potentially important role of active listening responses in helping therapists to manage their negative affect in response to distressed individuals. Active listening responses were associated with gender, professional training, and therapists’ beliefs about role.ConclusionWe discuss implications of these results for therapist training and research in occupational stress and burnout.
Israeli Paediatricians' Attitudes and Experiences of Reporting Child Maltreatment and Related Training Needs
Authors: Jedwab Merav , Benbenishty Rami 
Published: April 2017

Healthcare professionals and particularly paediatricians have a significant responsibility to diagnose and report child maltreatment. In situations where there is a suspicion of maltreatment, the professionals have to report the case to the authorities. Even though reporting is mandatory, previous research indicates that health professionals tend to report only a few of their suspected cases. The aims of the current study are to: (1) examine paediatricians' attitudes and experiences concerning the identification and reporting of suspected child abuse and neglect cases; (2) assess paediatricians' training needs; and (3) examine the associations between paediatricians' attitudes and years of experience with suspected maltreatment handling and their training needs. A sample of 200 Israeli paediatricians, all members of the Israeli Paediatric Association, completed telephone interviews regarding their attitudes, experiences and training needs. The findings indicate high rates of reporting and a need for additional training. Paediatricians who had less experience with such cases or those with minimal training were more likely to ask for training. There was no significant correlation between the paediatricians' attitudes and years of experience. The authors suggest the development of specialised training programmes that will provide paediatricians with theoretical knowledge and practical skills related to child abuse and neglect.‘Paediatricians have a significant responsibility to diagnose and report child maltreatment’Key Practitioner Messages

Health professionals are often required by law to report any reasonable suspicion of child abuse or neglect.
Prior studies indicate that there are various barriers to reporting.
Studies indicate a need for further theoretical and practical training and education of health professionals.
‘There are various barriers to reporting’
Activity‐Based Probes for HECT E3 Ubiquitin Ligases
Authors: Byrne Robert , Mund Thomas , Licchesi Julien D. F. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractActivity‐based probes (ABPs) have been used to dissect the biochemical/structural properties and cellular functions of deubiquitinases. However, their utility in studying cysteine‐based E3 ubiquitin ligases has been limited. In this study, we evaluate the use of ubiquitin‐ABPs (Ub‐VME and Ub‐PA) and a novel set of E2–Ub‐ABPs on a panel of HECT E3 ubiquitin ligases. Our in vitro data show that ubiquitin‐ABPs can label HECT domains. We also provide the first evidence that, in addition to the RBR E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin, E2–Ub‐ABPs can also label the catalytic HECT domains of NEDD4, UBE3C, and HECTD1. Importantly, the endogenous proteasomal E3 ligase UBE3C was also successfully labelled by Ub‐PA and His‐UBE2D2–Ub‐ABP in lysate of cells grown under basal conditions. Our findings provide novel insights into the use of ABPs for the study of HECT E3 ubiquitin ligases.
Uranyl Photocleavage of Phosphopeptides Yields Truncated C‐Terminally Amidated Peptide Products
Authors: Elnegaard Rasmus L. B. , Møllegaard Niels Erik , Zhang Qiang , Kjeldsen Frank , Jørgensen Thomas J. D. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe uranyl ion (UO22+) binds phosphopeptides with high affinity, and when irradiated with UV‐light, it can cleave the peptide backbone. In this study, high‐accuracy tandem mass spectrometry and enzymatic assays were used to characterise the photocleavage products resulting from the uranyl photocleavage reaction of a tetraphosphorylated β‐casein model peptide. We show that the primary photocleavage products of the uranyl‐catalysed reaction are C‐terminally amidated. This could be of great interest to the pharmaceutical industry, as efficient peptide amidation reactions are one of the top challenges in green pharmaceutical chemistry.
Novel case of resolution of hypsarrhythmia following tuber resection in a patient with infantile spasms and tuberous sclerosis
Authors: Marsh Robert , Nichols Courtney , Payne Mary 
Published: April 2017

Key Clinical MessageThis article describes a case involving the resolution of hypsarrhythmia, a generalized abnormalEEGpattern, following focal resection of a cortical tuber in a patient with tuberous sclerosis.
Recurrent myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma: a case report
Authors: Jagadesh Niveditha , Miller Daniel H. , Schenk William , Attia Steven , Sherman Courtney E. , Cortese Cherise , May Byron C. , Miller Robert C. 
Published: April 2017

Key Clinical MessageMyxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma is a rare sarcoma which typically presents in the extremities and is treated by definitive surgery. In recurrent disease, the reported utilization of radiotherapy is increasing, and more modern techniques such as intensity‐modulated radiotherapy may be improving long‐term outcomes.
Record Broken: A Copper Peroxide Complex with Enhanced Stability and Faster Hydroxylation Catalysis
Authors: Liebhäuser Patricia , Keisers Kristina , Hoffmann Alexander , Schnappinger Thomas , Sommer Isabella , Thoma Anne , Wilfer Claudia , Schoch Roland , Stührenberg Kai , Bauer Matthias , Dürr Maximilian , Ivanović‐Burmazović Ivana , Herres‐Pawlis Sonja 
Published: April 2017

AbstractTyrosinase model systems pinpoint pathways to translating Nature's synthetic abilities for useful synthetic catalysts. Mostly, they use N‐donor ligands which mimic the histidine residues coordinating the two copper centres. Copper complexes with bis(pyrazolyl)methanes with pyridinyl or imidazolyl moieties are already reported as excellent tyrosinase models. Substitution of the pyridinyl donor results in the new ligand HC(3‐tBuPz)2(4‐CO2MePy) which stabilises a room‐temperature stable μ‐η2:η2‐peroxide dicopper(II) species upon oxygenation. It reveals highly efficient catalytic activity as it hydroxylates 8‐hydroxyquinoline in high yields (TONs of up to 20) and much faster than all other model systems (max. conversion within 7.5 min). Stoichiometric reactions with para‐substituted sodium phenolates show saturation kinetics which are nearly linear for electron‐rich substrates. The resulting Hammett correlation proves the electrophilic aromatic substitution mechanism. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations elucidate the influence of the substituent at the pyridinyl donor: the carboxymethyl group adjusts the basicity and nucleophilicity without additional steric demand. This substitution opens up new pathways in reactivity tuning.
Novel, Selective, and Developable Dopamine D3 Antagonists with a Modified “Amino” Region
Authors: Micheli Fabrizio 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis Minireview describes a presentation made at the XXIV National Meeting in Medicinal Chemistry (NMMC) held in Perugia (Italy), September 11–14, 2016. It relates to the discovery of novel templates of the so‐called “amino” region of dopamine D3 receptor antagonists. Moving from the early scaffolds, which were modified in the amine portion, this review discusses the variations that led to the discovery of new systems published in 2016, which allowed the identification of compounds endowed with great selectivity over the dopamine D2 receptor and the human ether‐à‐go‐go‐related gene (hERG) ion channel. The main efforts in characterizing these compounds were devoted not only to determining their potency and selectivity relative to closely associated targets (e.g., the dopamine D2 receptor), but to ensure a large therapeutic window versus liability points such as hERG. In particular, we present examples of derivatives with selectivities greater than 2000‐fold. Furthermore, much focus is devoted to the overall developability of the scaffolds, ensuring that appropriate physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters are present in all compounds progressing through the screening cascade.
Quantitative phase microscopy spatial signatures of cancer cells
Authors: Roitshtain Darina , Wolbromsky Lauren , Bal Evgeny , Greenspan Hayit , Satterwhite Lisa L. , Shaked Natan T. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe present cytometric classification of live healthy and cancerous cells by using the spatial morphological and textural information found in the label‐free quantitative phase images of the cells. We compare both healthy cells to primary tumor cells and primary tumor cells to metastatic cancer cells, where tumor biopsies and normal tissues were isolated from the same individuals. To mimic analysis of liquid biopsies by flow cytometry, the cells were imaged while unattached to the substrate. We used low‐coherence off‐axis interferometric phase microscopy setup, which allows a single‐exposure acquisition mode, and thus is suitable for quantitative imaging of dynamic cells during flow. After acquisition, the optical path delay maps of the cells were extracted and then used to calculate 15 parameters derived from the cellular 3D morphology and texture. Upon analyzing tens of cells in each group, we found high statistical significance in the difference between the groups in most of the parameters calculated, with the same trends for all statistically significant parameters. Furthermore, a specially designed machine learning algorithm, implemented on the phase map extracted features, classified the correct cell type (healthy/cancer/metastatic) with 81–93% sensitivity and 81–99% specificity. The quantitative phase imaging approach for liquid biopsies presented in this paper could be the basis for advanced techniques of staging freshly isolated live cancer cells in imaging flow cytometers. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Oxidative properties and moisture content in repeatedly used oils for French fries and breaded chickens during frying
Authors: Song JuHee , Kim Sunghwa , Kim Jisu , Kim Mi‐Ja , Lee Sang‐Mok , Jang Mun‐Ik , Lee JaeHwan 
Published: April 2017

Changes of oxidation parameters including acid value (AV), total polar materials (TPM), conjugated dienoic acid (CDA), and p‐anisidine values (p‐AV) were evaluated in repeatedly used frying oils for French fries and breaded chickens. As frying time increased, all the oxidation parameters including AV, CDA, p‐AV, and TPM content increased significantly (p < 0.05). Frying oils for French fries suffered lesser oxidative deterioration compared to those for breaded chicken although the same oils were used. The 7.7 h heating for oil with water, 115 frying cycles for French fries, and 42 frying cycles for breaded chickens generated about 0.76, 0.78, and 0.78% CDA, respectively, 0.75, 0.78, and 1.69% AV, respectively, and 19.95, 15.99, and 25.20% TPM by column chromatography, respectively. Moisture content in frying oils for French fries was the lowest and that in breaded chicken was the highest. Different values of AV, CDA, p‐AV, color changes, and TPM were observed depending on frying condition especially the moisture content in frying oils.Practical application: Oxidation parameters and moisture content in frying oils for French fries and breaded chickens were determined. Moisture content in oils affected the oxidative stability a lot. Therefore, controlling the amounts of moisture in frying oils is one of critical steps to retard the rates of lipid oxidation in oils. The results of this study can be applied to extend the usage of frying oils in fast food restaurants.(i) The oxidation parameters were monitored in heated oils with moisture supplement, in frying oils for French fry and in frying oils for breaded chicken. (ii) Frying oils for French fries suffered lesser oxidative deterioration compared to those for breaded chicken although the same oils are used. (iii) Moisture content in frying oils for French fries is the lowest and that in breaded chicken is the highest.
Inulinolytic activity of broths of Aspergillus niger ATCC 204447 cultivated in shake flasks and stirred tank bioreactor
Authors: Kowalska Anna , Antecka Anna , Owczarz Piotr , Bizukojć Marcin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIt is the first detailed study of an inulinolytic fungus Aspergillus niger ATCC 204447 since its discovery, covering submerged cultivations both in shake flasks and a stirred tank bioreactor. Various carbon sources were applied to induce the inulinolytic activity in shake flask cultures. The highest volumetric and specific (per gram of biomass) activities (respectively 0.68 U/mL and 184 U g/X) were observed for the initial inulin and sucrose concentrations equal to 20 g/L. The fungus grew as large (>3 mm) spherical pellets. The influence of inoculum density and application of microparticle‐enhanced cultivation (MPEC) were studied in the batch bioreactor cultivations. Inoculum density moderately affected the inulinolytic activities, whose highest values were 0.7 U/mL and 165 U g/X at the lowest studied spore density of 3.33·108 L−1. Dispersed hyphae evolved in the bioreactor made the broth difficult to aerate due to high apparent viscosity (exceeding 200 Pa sn at shear rate about 0.05 s−1) and shear thinned properties (flow behavior index below 0.2). In MPEC (10 μm talc microparticles) the pellets of diameter between 1 and 2 mm were formed, which facilitated the aeration of the broth and increased the specific inulinolytic activity 3.5‐fold.