bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
American Muslim Philanthropy after 9/11
Authors: GhaneaBassiri Kambiz 
Published: November 2017

Following 9/11, American Muslim philanthropy has generally been framed in terms of national security and civil liberties. In practice, however, American Muslims’ charitable giving has neither posed a threat to national security nor has the government’s closing of some of the largest Muslim relief organizations after 9/11 had the chilling effect that many predicted it would have had on American Muslims’ religious obligation of giving to charity. This article argues that the American Muslim philanthropy post-9/11 belies enduring presuppositions about Islam’s rigidity and religion’s interiority, which resulted in widespread misapprehensions about the nature of Muslim philanthropy in America after 9/11. American Muslim philanthropy post-9/11 highlights the polyvalence and fluidity of the public practice of Islam. In the fluid space of practice, American Muslims have brought together Islamic vocabularies of charity and American legal and sociopolitical norms regarding philanthropy to forge new relations across groups of varying social, religious, political, cultural, and economic backgrounds.
Swearing Used in Richard Wright’s Black Boy
Authors: Giyatmi Giyatmi , WIjayava Ratih , Widarwati Nunun Tri 
Published: November 2017

This research aims at finding the types of swearing expressions and linguistic forms of English swearing used in Richard Wright’s Black Boy. This is a descriptive qualitative research since it describes the phenomena of swearing used in the novel. The data of the research are all the conversations or sentences used swearing in the novel written by Richard Wright namely Black Boy as the main data source. The method of collecting data in this research is observation and teknik lanjut catat. After all the data had been collected then they are coded using the coding system such as data number/title of novel/chapter/page/data. There is no data reduction since all the data are analyzed in this research. This research used theory triangulation. Kind of swearing expressions found in this novel dealing with God and religion terms, name of animals and plants, part of body, racial terms, stupidity terms, name of occupation, sexual terms, family terms. The linguistic forms of English swearing used in this novel are word, phrase, and clause. The swearing in the form of words consists of (1) noun referring to place, person, occupation, animal, and idea (2) verb and (3) adjective. Phrase consists of (1) noun phrase with swearing functioning as headword, modifier, and both headword and modifier, (2) adjective phrase with swearing functioning as modifier. Swearing expression is also found in the form of sentence.
PENERAPAN HEALING ENVIRONMENT PADA PERANCANGAN SEKOLAH DASAR LUAR BIASA BAGIAN TUNALARAS
Authors: Bihastuti Endhita Januar 
Published: November 2017

<em>Children with emotional and behavioral disorders are one of kind children with special education need. Education as a basic right of every child in Indonesia, especially children with emotional and behaviour disorder, has not been fully realized, this is due to the lack of awareness of parents and teachers. The earlier the children with emotional and behaviour disorders are detected, the higher the expectation to recovery is, so special elementary school for emotional and behaviour disorder facilities are essential. For designing a building that maximizes space program and environmental atmosphere available with the type of needs and program activities that take place, the healing environment is chosen as a design solution at the planned school. Healing environment is related to the creation of an environment that affects health by influencing action and interaction by applying the sensory, natural, and psychological aspects. Aspects of the healing environment will be applied to the spatial, site, form and mass arrangement, and landscape.</em>
GANGGUAN PERSEPSI SENSORI SEBAGAI DASAR PERANCANGAN PANTI REHABILITASI ANAK AUTIS DI SURAKARTA
Authors: Satyawati Ganis Ratna 
Published: November 2017

<p><em>Autism is one delay in child development. </em><em>It</em><em> is the result of complex and varied brain development disorders, one of them is disturbance in sensory system (sensory integration) in children. The disturbance causes the children</em><em> to be unable</em><em> </em><em>to</em><em> adapt optimally, thus, it affects behavioral and psychological responses of children with autism in their environment.</em><em> The number of children with autism increases from year to year, including in Surakarta.</em><em> </em><em>A</em><em> rehabilitation centre is therefore needed in this city. This </em><em>rehabilitation centre for </em><em>children with autism is uses a functional recovery for behavior, occupation, and nervous system (neurons), and sensory systems of children who experienced the disorder to regenerate its form or function. This rehabilitation centre will accommodate</em><em> </em><em>medical, therapeutic, and educational activities by using special environmental designs planned according to the sensory needs and specific stimuli needs for</em><em> </em><em>each different autistic child. The </em><em>design </em><em>concept </em><em>of this </em><em>rehabilitation </em><em>centre focuses on the sensory needs of children with aurism. It </em><em>will be applied through building physical elements in the form of inside and outside spatial elements. Both elements will be designed with various considerations of the choice of attributes or architectural elements, such as: design principles, shapes, scales, colors, building materials.</em><em> </em><em>These considerations will create specific effects for each individual with different levels of sensory perception disorder. This rehabilitation favility</em><em> </em><em>will provide 5 special zones for autistic children which are categorized based on the level of disturbance and condition of the child</em><em>ren</em><em>. The categorization is expected to play a major role in accelerating the process of healing and development of children physically, psychologically, intellectually, and socially. Consequently, it can establish a child with autism into an independent, creative, exist, and skilled human as other </em><em>normal children. </em><em> </em><em></em></p>
Ethnopharmacological and Phytopharmaceutical Evaluation of Prosopis cineraria: An Overview and Future Prospects
Authors: Chaudhary Kamal K. , Kumar Gautam , Varshney Anusheel , Meghvansi Mukesh K. , Ali Syed Farook , Karthik Kumaragurubaran , Dhama Kuldeep , Siddiqui Sazada , Kaul Ramesh K. 
Published: November 2017

Background:
Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce ('khejri') is an important tree that occurs worldwide in arid
regions. It has been mentioned in the Indian Ayurvedic system of medicines as having several clinical properties.
Different parts of this plant are used in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia and Iran
for treating various ailments such as leprosy, leucoderma, dysentery, asthma, bronchitis, piles, jaundice and muscular
tremors. Since all parts of the tree are useful, it is called ‘Kalp Taru' or ‘Wonder Tree' in India. Phytochemical studies
of P. cineraria have underlined the presence of various classes of phytochemicals, such as flavone derivatives
(prosogerin A, B, C, D and E), alkaloids (spicigerine and prosophylline), tannins (gallic acid), steroids (stigmasterol,
campesterol and sitosterol, etc.), fatty acids and amino acids, etc., that have been obtained from different parts of the
plant.

Methods:
We undertook a comprehensive, critical and systematic literature survey on ethnomedicinal, phytochemical
and pharmacological aspects of P. cineraria. Efforts were made to establish/corroborate the scientific reasons of
ethnomedicinal use with the help of published modern studies.

Results:
Based on in-depth analysis of more than 200 studies, we were able to corroborate a large number of facts
pertaining to uses of different parts of this plant for treating various maladies. Further, it yielded several new insights
on phyto-pharmacological aspects of P. cineraria.

Conclusion:
Results of this study are useful for commercialization of the products derived from phytochemicals of
P. cineraria.
Increase of EEG Alpha3/Alpha2 Power Ratio Detects Inferior Parietal Lobule Atrophy in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Moretti Davide V. 
Published: November 2017

Objective: The inferior parietal lobule (IPL) has been implicate in many higher cognitive
processes, as visuo-motor transformations, tool use or tool making. In subjects with mild cognitive impairment
(MCI) at major risk to develop Alzheimer' Disease (AD) an impairment of subtle visuomotor or
praxic abilities is a well-known clinical feature. Enhance of the ratio of EEG alpha3/alpha2 frequency
power was detected in subjects with MCI who will transform in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods:
We explored of the association of alpha3/alpha2 power ratio with cortical size of IPL in patients
with MCI. 74 subjects with MCI undergone EEG recording and MRI scans. Alpha3/alpha2 power
ratio in addition to cortical size had been computed for each patient. Three MCI groups had been acquired
in keeping with growing tertile values of alpha3/alpha2 ratio. Huge difference of cortical thickness
among the groups was calculated. Higher alpha3/alpha2 power ratio group had broader cortical loss compared
to other teams on the IPL, particularly in the Supramarginal Gyrus, and Precuneus on both hemispheres.

Results:
Our results unveil the possible part that the IPL could play in determining the classic alterations
of early Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Conclusion:
Finally, the rise of alpha3/alpha2 power ratio detected a focused anatomo-functional association
that could be a reliable marker of incipient AD.
Map Learning in Normal Aging: The Role of Individual Visuo-Spatial Abilities and Implications
Authors: Meneghetti Chiara , Muffato Veronica , Borella Erika , De Beni Rossana 
Published: November 2017

Objective: The present study analyzes the age-related differences in map learning between
young and normally-aging young-old and old-old adults in relation to individual visuo-spatial factors to
specify which aspects of spatial learning are susceptible to aging.

Methods:
Forty young, 40 young-old and 40 old-old participants performed a series of tasks to assess
their visuo-spatial working memory (VSWM) and visuo-spatial (rotation) abilities, then they studied a
map. To test their recall, they graphically reproduced the map in a freehand drawing, then performed a
sketch map task (which involved placing a list of landmarks on a blank layout of the map) and a pointing
task (adopting aligned and counter-aligned imaginary positions).

Results:
The results showed that age-related differences depend on the type of recall task performed: in
the pointing and freehand map-drawing tasks, the young-old and old-old performed worse than the
young adults; but in the sketch map task, the young-old performed as well as the young adults and only
the old-old’s performance was worse than that of the other two age groups. Concerning the role of individual
factors, VSWM and rotation abilities were found strongly involved in the pointing task (especially
for counter-aligned pointing) and the freehand map-drawing task.

Conclusion:
Overall, these results suggest that different factors related to spatial (map) learning explain
age-related differences in normal aging. The implications of the present results in normal and pathological
aging, and for the purposes of clinical assessments and interventions, are discussed.
PEDAGOGIA CRÍTICO-EMANCIPATÓRIA E EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR: CONFLUÊNCIAS À MÍDIA-EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Costa Jonatas Maia da , Wiggers Ingrid 
Published: November 2017

Este estudo apresenta algumas reflexões sobre a prática pedagógica da Educação Física Escolar, destacando a aproximação da pedagogia crítico-emancipatória à concepção de Mídia-educação. Após breves considerações bibliográficas, o texto enfatiza as possibilidades de se estabelecer nexos entre as estruturas conceituais dessas duas teorias pedagógicas. Na sequência, descreve sinteticamente uma experiência pedagógica de ensino com aportes da mídia-educação. Defende a necessidade de elaboração de propostas que promovam ações pedagógicas baseadas nessas teorias, de forma que estas experiências sejam objeto de sistematizações por meio de investigações científicas no campo da escola.
Territorialidades Caipiras: o ser e a identidade do lugar
Authors: Victal Jane , Cordova Vitor Sartori 
Published: November 2017

No interior paulista foram encontrados vestígios de uma cultura designada por antropólogos brasileiros como “caipira”. Embora descaracterizada por outros componentes culturais, é possível decifrar suas origens nas expressões linguística, artística e religiosa. Seu território, denominado “Paulistânia”, abarcou a região atribuída à Capitania do Sul, englobando partes dos estados de Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Goiás, Paraná e o atual estado de São Paulo. O conhecimento das condições de mobilidade e permanência, associado ao longo processo de delimitação das fronteiras e implantação de cidades, moldou este ser humano que vivia em pequenas unidades de subsistência. Desta forma, o artigo reflete sobre como o modo de ser do caipira entende, define e constrói o sentimento de pertencimento ao lugar, mais especificamente, ao bairro rural, tendo como intuito averiguar que a sua noção de lugar não está apenas associada ao espaço físico, mas a uma ampla rede comunitária manifesta em suas narrativas, como no canto do cururu, ampliando a discussão sobre o lugar fenomenológico.Palavras-chave: Bairros rurais. Construção simbólica do espaço. Cultura tradicional. Territorialidade.Caipira’s territorialities: being and identity of placeAbstractIn small towns and rural areas of São Paulo state are found traces of the “caipira”, a pesant culture so designated by anthropologists. Although somewhat decharacterized, its origin can be studied from linguistic, artistic and religious practices where the cultural repertory of this local man reaches its roots in the colonial period. Its territory, called "Paulistânia" covers the South Captaincy, with parts of the states of Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Goiás, Paraná and the current São Paulo state. Territorial notions of mobility and permanence associated to border delimitation and city settlements modulated this human being that dwelt in small subsistence farming units. This article discusses caipira’s way of life manifested in the cultural landscape by cooperative practices, religious festivals and artistic expressions as place features molding belongingness to district and community. In this sense it reflects the notion of place in a wide network of sociability and common life contained in narratives, bringing discussion to the phenomenology of space perception.Keywords: Rural districts. Symbolic space construction. Traditional culture. Territoriality.
Características do trabalho na agricultura familiar e sua influência na emigração dos jovens
Authors: Barth Michele , Sidegum Renner Jacinta , Fagundes Nunes Margarete , Roese Sanfelice Gustavo 
Published: November 2017

Em se tratando do trabalho na agricultura familiar, nos últimos anos houve gradativo aumento das migrações, principalmente de jovens do ambiente rural para o urbano. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi investigar a percepção das pessoas que atuam na agricultura familiar sobre o seu trabalho e analisar os motivos que levaram os filhos a buscarem outros empregos. A pesquisa se caracteriza como observacional descritiva, com análise e discussão de dados sob o paradigma qualitativo. Participaram 80 agricultores da cidade de Linha Nova (RS). Os resultados sobre a percepção do trabalho indicaram como aspectos positivos a liberdade, autonomia e a satisfação de trabalhar junto à natureza. A quantidade de filhos dos agricultores que permanecem na agricultura é reduzida, principalmente os do sexo feminino. Na visão dos pais, isso é reflexo das características do trabalho, considerado pelos filhos como um trabalho penoso e difícil, além disso, mencionam a facilidade no acesso ao estudo, o que os leva a buscarem novas oportunidades de trabalho. Palavras-chave: Agricultura Familiar. Trabalho. Emigração de jovens.Work characteristics in family agriculture and its influence on the emigration of young peopleAbstractIn the case of work on family agriculture, in past years there was a gradual increase in migration, especially of young people from rural to urban environment. The objective of this research was to investigate the perception of people who work in family agriculture about their work and analyze the reasons who lead the children search for other jobs. The research is characterized as descriptive observational, with analysis and discussion of data from a qualitative paradigm. Participated 80 farmers from Linha Nova (RS) city. The results about the perception of the work indicated positives views as freedom, autonomy and satisfaction of working in nature. The children number of farmers who remain in agriculture is reduced, mainly females. At the parents view, this is a reflex of the work characteristics, considered by children as a painful and difficult work, moreover, mentions the ease access to the study, which leads them to seek new jobs opportunities.Keywords: Family Agriculture. Work. Young People Emigration.
Os sócio-antropo-logos e os animais. Reflexões de um historiador para uma reaproximação das ciências
Authors: Baratay Éric 
Published: November 2017

Em 1997, o autor publicara o artigo "Um campo para a história : o animal", onde ele levantava a questão do uso histórico dos estudos sociológicos e antropológicos. Desde então, ele tem visto evoluir este campo das ciências sociais e novas abordagens se desenvolverem. Aqui ele apresenta um relato sobre esta evolução, sobre o interesse que ela representa para a sua disciplina, propondo novas formas de leitura ou fornecendo dados inéditos aos quais os arquivos concedem difícil acesso. Mas também sugere aquilo que as ciências sociais poderiam buscar nas obras históricas e o que poderia ser feito em conjunto com outras disciplinas, como a ecologia e a etologia, levando à uma reflexão mais aprofundada sobre o ator animal. Palavras-chave: Animal. Antropologia. História. Sociologia.Socio-anthropologists and Animals. Reflections of a Historian for a Rapprochement between SciencesAbstractIn 1997, the author published the article “A field for history: the animal” in which he raised the issue of the historic use of sociological and anthropological works. He has since witnessed changes in this field of social sciences and new approaches being developed. Here, he presents his observations of these changes and on their contribution to his discipline, by offering new modes of interpretation and by introducing hitherto unpublished informations to which access in the archives is difficult. He also suggests a direction of research in historic works for both human and social sciences and what could be achieved together with other disciplines such as ecology and ethology, by taking reflection on the animal as actor still further.Keywords: Animal. Anthropology. History. Sociology.
Cachorros que atacam criação: reflexões éticas sobre a mobilidade e a vida social dos animais em ambientes rurais
Authors: Teixeira Jorge Luan , Ayoub Dibe 
Published: November 2017

Neste trabalho, discutimos as dimensões éticas de conflitos envolvendo cachorros no Sertão dos Inhamuns (CE) e no interior do município de Pinhão (PR). Identificados com seus donos e com as terras em que vivem, a mobilidade dos cães têm um papel crucial na constituição e na negociação cotidianas dos espaços rurais. Tais deslocamentos, contudo, podem motivar conflitos quando os cachorros atacam os animais de criação de seus donos ou, pior, de outras pessoas. Assim sendo, a vida social dos cachorros nas localidades onde realizamos nossas pesquisas vai além de sua relação com seus donos, adentrando e estremecendo a boa convivência entre pessoas que habitam uma mesma vizinhança em que o pastoreio dos rebanhos animais é uma atividade de grande importância social, histórica e econômica. Ao refletir comparativamente sobre os julgamentos éticos que perpassam tais eventos, entendemos o emaranhado de relações que constitui a vida social de tais localidades rurais como uma comunidade moral interespecífica.Palavras-chave: Ética. Mobilidade. Conflito. Pastoreio. Comunidade moral.Dogs that attack herds: ethical reflections on mobility and social life of animals in rural landscapes AbstractIn this article, we discuss the ethical dimensions of conflicts about dogs in Sertão dos Inhamuns, Ceará, and Pinhão, Paraná. Identified with their owners and the lands in which they live, the dogs play a central role in the daily constitution and negotiation of rural spaces. The movements of these animals can motivate conflicts, especially when dogs attack the herds of their owners, or worse, the herds of other people. Therefore, in the localities where we did our fieldworks the social life of dogs goes beyond the relation between them and their owners, entering and shaking also the relations between people who inhabit the same neighborhood or place, and for whom pasturing animals is a major historical, economic and social activity. By analyzing and comparing the ethical judgments that surpass such events, we seek to comprehend the entanglement of relations that constitute the social life of these rural localities as an interspecific moral community.Keywords: Ethics. Mobility. Conflict. Pasturing. Moral Community.
Proposta de avaliação de nivelamento para os cursos de Português Língua Adicional na UNILA
Authors: Ferreira Laura Márcia Luiza 
Published: November 2017

No presente artigo discutimos o processo de elaboração dos instrumentos de avaliação que compõem a prova de nivelamento em Português Língua Adicional do primeiro semestre de 2015. Inicialmente, relacionamos as diretrizes gerais institucionais para o ensino de línguas com uma proposta de avaliação de nivelamento. Ao final, fundamentamos as escolhas metodológicas que subjazem os instrumentos do exame a partir da perspectiva da avaliação alternativa (SCARINO, 2013) e da relevância dos testes (BACHMAN; PALMER, 1996). Espera-se que o estudo contribua para a discussão sobre o processo de elaboração de exames de nivelamento, especialmente de português como língua adicional em contextos universitários.
IMAGEM E RESISTÊNCIA NO CARTUM PELO OLHAR DA ANÁLISE DE DISCURSO: UMA REFLEXÃO A PARTIR DE UM TEXTO SOBRE AYLAN KURDI
Authors: Vinhas Luciana Iost , Galvão Andrêssa Dos Santos 
Published: November 2017

O trabalho visa à análise de um cartum publicado em 2 de setembro de 2015, por ocasião de um acontecimento histórico, o qual modificou determinadas práticas sociais. A fotografia de Aylan Kurdi, cujo corpo foi encontrado na beira da praia de Bodrum, gerou uma comoção mundial e culminou na produção de cartuns por especialistas de várias partes do mundo, veiculados em diferentes mídias. Considerando o cartum enquanto materialidade discursiva, pretendemos analisar, à luz da Análise de Discurso pecheuxtiana, um dos cartuns produzidos a partir da fotografia do menino, desenvolvendo uma reflexão sobre os efeitos de sentido que passaram a entrar em circulação. Com isso, trataremos do gênero cartum pelo viés discursivo, relacionando os níveis intra e interdiscursivo.