bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ocean–atmosphere–wave characterisation of a wind jet (Ebro shelf, NW Mediterranean Sea)
Authors: Grifoll Manel , Navarro Jorge , Pallares Elena , Ràfols Laura , Espino Manuel , Palomares Ana 
Published: June 2016

Abstract. In this contribution the wind jet dynamics in the northern margin of the Ebro River shelf (NW Mediterranean Sea) are investigated using coupled numerical models. The study area is characterised by persistent and energetic offshore winds during autumn and winter. During these seasons, a seaward wind jet usually develops in a  ∼  50 km wide band offshore. The COAWST (Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere–Wave–Sediment Transport) modelling system was implemented in the region with a set of downscaling meshes to obtain high-resolution meteo-oceanographic outputs. Wind, waves and water currents were compared with in situ observations and remote-sensing-derived products with an acceptable level of agreement. Focused on an intense offshore wind event, the modelled wind jet appears in a limited area offshore with strong spatial variability. The wave pattern during the wind jet is characterised by the development of bimodal directional spectra, and the ocean circulation tends to present well-defined two-layer flow in the shallower region (i.e. inner shelf). The outer shelf tends to be dominated by mesoscale dynamics such as the slope current. Due to the limited fetch length, ocean surface roughness considering sea state (wave–atmosphere coupling) modifies to a small extent the wind and significant wave height under severe cross-shelf wind events. However, the coupling effect in the wind resource assessment may be relevant due to the cubic relation between the wind intensity and power.
Case study of spatial and temporal variability of snow cover, grain size, albedo and radiative forcing in the Sierra Nevada and Rocky Mountain snowpack derived from imaging spectroscopy
Authors: Seidel Felix C. , Rittger Karl , Skiles S. McKenzie , Molotch Noah P. , Painter Thomas H. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Quantifying the spatial distribution and temporal change in mountain snow cover, microphysical and optical properties is important to improve our understanding of the local energy balance and the related snowmelt and hydrological processes. In this paper, we analyze changes of snow cover, optical-equivalent snow grain size (radius), snow albedo and radiative forcing by light-absorbing impurities in snow and ice (LAISI) with respect to terrain elevation and aspect at multiple dates during the snowmelt period. These snow properties are derived from the NASA/JPL Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data from 2009 in California's Sierra Nevada and from 2011 in Colorado's Rocky Mountains, USA. Our results show a linearly decreasing snow cover during the ablation period in May and June in the Rocky Mountains and a snowfall-driven change in snow cover in the Sierra Nevada between February and May. At the same time, the snow grain size is increasing primarily at higher elevations and north-facing slopes from 200 microns to 800 microns on average. We find that intense snowmelt renders the mean grain size almost invariant with respect to elevation and aspect. Our results confirm the inverse relationship between snow albedo and grain size, as well as between snow albedo and radiative forcing by LAISI. At both study sites, the mean snow albedo value decreases from approximately 0.7 to 0.5 during the ablation period. The mean snow grain size increased from approximately 150 to 650 microns. The mean radiative forcing increases from 20 W m−2 up to 200 W m−2 during the ablation period. The variability of snow albedo and grain size decreases in general with the progression of the ablation period. The spatial variability of the snow albedo and grain size decreases through the melt season while the spatial variability of radiative forcing remains constant.
The effect of reduced zinc levels on performance parameters of broiler chickens
Authors: Štenclová Hana , Karásek Filip , Šťastní­k Ondrej , Zeman Ladislav , Mrkvicová Eva , Pavlata Leoš 
Published: June 2016

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of reduced supplemental zinc levels on broiler growth and carcass yield. A total of 160 male broiler chicks (Ross 308) divided into four groups were allotted to 16 cages with 10 birds per cage in each of group and kept in a temperature-controlled room. During the trial, chicks were ad libitum access to feed and water. The experiment started at 11 days of broiler age and chicks were fattened up to 35 days of age. It consisted of 4 dietary treatments with 4 replications per treatment. A corn-wheat-soybean meal basal diet containing 25.84 mg Zn.kg-1 was formulated and zinc levels of 120, 40 or 20 mg.kg-1 was supplied as zinc oxide to give four dietary treatments. At the end of the feeding trial, 24 birds from each group were randomly selected, slaughtered and carcass evaluation was performed. The results show that different levels of zinc had no significant effect on body weight of broilers or feed consumption ratio. These parameters increased by decreasing zinc levels from 120 to 20 mg Zn.kg-1 similarly as the carcass yield, percentages of breast meat and leg meat, but differences between these groups were not significant. In case of relative liver weight and zinc concentration in liver there were significant difference (p <0.05) between group given supplemented zinc of 40 mg.kg-1 and group without zinc supplementation and 120 mg.kg-1 and 40 mg.kg-1, respectively. No signs of disorders such as loss of appetite, growth depression or abnormalities of the skin was appeared in chicks. It seems that reduced supplemented zinc levels from 120 to 20 mg.kg-1 (total Zn 153.13 mg.kg-1 to 45.28 mg.kg-1 respectively) not influenced growth performance parameters of broilers fed corn-wheat-soybean meal diet.
Prevalence of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in minced meat, pig tongues and hearts at the retail level in the Czech Republic detected by real time PCR
Authors: Lorencova Alena , Slany Michal 
Published: June 2016

Yersiniosis is the third most frequently reported zoonosis in the European Union and Yersinia enterocolitica is the most common species causing human infections. Pigs are assumed to be the main reservoir of human pathogenic Y. enterocolitica with the presence of bacteria mainly in the tonsils and intestinal content. Undercooked pork and pork products have been suggested as the primary source of human yersiniosis. Nevertheless, data on the prevalence of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica in foodstuffs including pork products are very limited. A molecular based method (real time PCR) targeting the ompF gene (detection of Yersinia genus) and the ail gene (a chromosomally located virulence marker of Y. enterocolitica) was used to determine the prevalence of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica in minced meat and edible pork offal at the retail level in the Czech Republic. A total of 50 pig tongues, 50 pig hearts, and 93 samples of minced meat containing pork were purchased at nine retail outlets in Brno. High detection rates of Yersinia spp. were found in all types of samples (pig tongues, 80.0%; pig hearts, 40.0%; and minced meat, 55.9%). The highest prevalence of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica was found in pig tongues (40.0%), followed by pig hearts (18.0%) and minced meat samples (17.2%). Although from the point of view of food safety the merely molecular detection of DNA of the pathogenic bacteria could represent a false positive result, our results indicate the presence of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica in raw pork products at the retail level in the Czech Republic, which may pose a risk of consumer infection. Sufficient heat treatment and prevention of cross-contamination during preparation of food in the kitchen should be recommended.
Og om litt er kaffen klar – om virkningene av kaffekonsum, røyking og mosjon på smerter i muskler og ledd
Authors: Hernes Gudmund 
Published: June 2016

SAMMENDRAGFormålet med denne studien er å undersøke sammenhengen mellom kaffekonsum og muskel/skjelettplager.Datamaterialet er ca. 40.000 norske kvinner og menn i alderen 40-42 år i syv norske fylker, somble undersøkt i perioden 1994-96. Analysen viser klart signifikante sammenhenger, ikke bare mellomkaffekonsum og smerter, men også med røyking, mens regelmessig mosjon som gjør deg svett ellerandpusten, er assosiert med mindre smerteopplevelse.Hernes G. The effects of coffee consumption, smoking and exercise on muscular and skeletal pain.Nor J Epidemiol ENGLISH SUMMARYThe purpose of this study is to investigate the connection between the consumption of coffee andmuscular/skeletal pain. The data used are taken from a survey of about 40.000 men and women aged 40-42, carried out in 1994-96 in seven counties in Norway. The analysis shows significant associations notjust of coffee consumption and pain, but also with smoking whereas regular strenuous exercise isassociated with less experience of such pains.1997; 7 (2): 149-155.
Resultat av tuberkulosebehandling i Norge 1995
Authors: Heldal Einar 
Published: June 2016

SAMMENDRAGI tillegg til insidens og mortalitet, har andelen pasienter som fullfører tuberkulosebehandlingen («helbredelsesrate») nylig blitt anbefalt av IUATLD og WHO som en indikator for vurdering av tuberkulosekontrollen.I denne studien ble resultatet av tuberkulosebehandlingen vurdert hos alle pasienter med dyrkningsbekreftetlungetuberkulose meldt til Det sentrale tuberkuloseregister i 1995. Av 101 pasienter fullførte 77 behandlingen(«helbredelsesrate» 76%), 9 forsvant, 14 døde og én fortsatte å være smitteførende. De fleste (7 av 9)som forsvant var født utenfor Norge, mens de fleste (13 av 14) som døde var født i Norge.Helbredelsesraten i Norge er langt dårligere enn WHOs anbefalinger (85% helbredelsesrate) og resultateneoppnådd i enkelte andre land som Nederland. Vurdering av behandlingsresultat er en viktig del avtuberkuloseovervåkningen. Tiltak bør iverksettes for å redusere mortaliteten og andelen pasienter somforsvinner før avsluttet behandling.Heldal E. Results of tuberculosis treatment in Norway 1995. Nor J Epidemiol 1997; 7 (2): 231-233. ENGLISH SUMMARYIn addition to incidence and mortality the proportion of patients who complete tuberculosis treatment (curerate) has recently been recommended by the IUATLD and WHO as an indicator in assessing tuberculosiscontrol. In the present study the result of tuberculosis treatment was assessed in all patients with cultureconfirmed pulmonary tuberculosis notified to the National Tuberculosis Register in 1995. Out of 101patients 77 completed treatment (cure rate 76%), 9 disappeared, 14 died and one continued to be contagious(failure case). Most of those who disappeared (7 out of 9) were born outside Norway, while most of thosewho died (13 out of 14) were born in Norway.The cure rate in Norway was far below the level of 85% recommended by WHO, and achieved incountries like the Netherlands. The assessment of treatment result is an important component of tuberculosissurveillance. Action should be taken to reduce mortality and the proportion of patients who disappear fromtreatment.INNLEDNING
Blodtrykk målt med kvikksølvmanometer og med Dinamap under feltforhold – en sammenligning
Authors: Lund-Larsen Per G. 
Published: June 2016

SAMMENDRAGBlodtrykksmåling med kvikksølvmanometer etter standardiserte prosedyrer, har lenge vært en epidemiologiskreferansemetode. Dinamap er en automatisert blodtrykksmåler som måler trykk og hjertefrekvens pågrunnlag av oscillometri og moderne elektronikk. Før Statens helseundersøkelser (SHUS) tok i brukDinamap på slutten av 80-tallet, ble blodtrykk målt med kvikksølvmetoden (Erkameter) sammenlignet medblodtrykk målt med Dinamap – i en screening situasjon. Vi fant at Dinamap var et velegnet screeningverktøy.Systolisk blodtrykk ble målt omtrent likt med de to metodene, Dinamap viste seg å måle diastolisktrykk noe lavere enn Erka. Forskjellen Erka–Dinamap avtok med økende målenivå.Lund-Larsen PG. Blood pressure measured with a sphygmomanometer and with Dinamap underfield conditions – a comparison. Nor J Epidemiol 1997; 7 (2): 235-241. ENGLISH SUMMARYBlood pressure measurements with a sphygmomanometer in accordance with standardized methods, hasbeen an epidemiological reference method for a long time. Dinamap is a method of measuring bloodpressure automatically, recording both pressure and heart frequency on the basis of oscillometry andmodern electronics. Before the National Health Screening Service started using Dinamap, at the end of theeighties, blood pressure was measured with the mercury method (Erkameter) and compared to bloodpressures measured with Dinamap – in a screening situation. We then found that Dinamap was a wellsuited screening tool. Systolic blood pressure measurements were about the same with the two methods,for diastolic pressure Dinamap showed slightly lower values than Erka. The difference Erka–Dinamapdiminished at higher measurement levels.
Experiments in Self-Interruption: A Defining Activity of Psychoanalysis, Philosophy, and Other Erotic Practices
Authors: Colapietro Vincent 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
In this article I propose to explore psychoanalysis, philosophy, and other erotic practices as inevitably inclusive of experiments in self-interruption. Indeed, these practices are often such experiments more than anything else. I draw here not only upon Adam Phillips but also on Stanley Cavell, Joan Acocella, and James Snead. The function of experiments in self-interruption is, for at least some practitioners, to turn the qualities of experience upon themselves for the sake of intensifying, deepening, extending, and in other respects enhancing these qualities. In the process of doing so, pleasure can be made so intense as to be practically indistinguishable from pain, and pain or, more precisely, its overcoming, so integral to the execution of an activity as to be an integral part of an intrinsically pleasurable pursuit. Good and evil as well as pleasure and pain have their experiential meaning only in reference to the somatic (hence, erotic) practices of social actors, human or otherwise. “The old phrase ‘stop and think’ is,” Dewey insists, “sound psychology.” It is also critical for pedagogy, philosophy, politics, friendship, and much else. The art of stopping ourselves is, however, a more subtle and difficult one than we might appreciate.
The advantages and limitations of echocardiography in a unique presentation of double-sided endocarditis from intravenous drug use
Authors: Alencherry Ben , Sullivan Claire , Hoit Brian 
Published: June 2016

A 25-year-old female intravenous drug user presented with a three-week-history of fever and myalgias and was found to have infective endocarditis affecting the mitral and tricuspid valves. Blood cultures grew methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. Computed tomography showed emboli in multiple organs. Transthoracic echocardiogram revealed large vegetations on the mitral valve with moderate valvular regurgitation and a transesophageal echocardiogram identified a posterior mitral leaflet perforation. The patient underwent urgent surgical intervention after developing respiratory distress from worsening congestive heart failure. Intraoperative findings in addition to those found on echocardiography included a large abscess in the posterior wall of the left atrium. The patient underwent mitral and tricuspid valve replacement due to valve damage. This case shows a unique presentation of valvular involvement of infective endocarditis and the capabilities and limitations of echocardiography in assessing the extent of disease in this condition.
The Role of Heritage and Authenticity in the Value Creation of Fashion Brand
Authors: Boccardi Andrea , Ciappei Cristiano , Zollo Lamberto , Laudano Maria Carmen 
Published: June 2016

<p>This paper builds on traditional and recent marketing research concerning the constituents of brand authenticity, particularly investigating consumers’ experience in the context of fashion industry. Specifically, we attempt to unpack the dimensions underlying the concept of brand authenticity by, first, correlating the role of heritage and ‘mythopoesis’ – the creation of a myth through repetitive narrative – and, second, by applying our proposed theoretical framework to four Italian luxury fashion brands, namely Gucci, Salvatore Ferragamo, Lous Vuitton, and Stefano Ricci. Thanks to the positioning of such fashion brands according to different levels of heritage and authenticity, it emerges how mythopoesis allow brand marketers to transfer brand heritage from past to both present and future. In this way, the risk of brand fixation in the celebration of the past may be overcome. Managerial implications are finally discussed, showing how marketers may foster or hinder brand authenticity, and how such an aspect affects consumer experience and attitude toward the brand.</p>
The Effects of Corporate Entrepreneurship and Organizational Knowledge Creation on Firm Second-order Competences: Exploratory Evidence from Knowledge-intensive Sectors
Authors: Kokash Rasmi , Fayolle Alain , Guedri Zied 
Published: June 2016

<p>While corporate entrepreneurship (CE) is viewed to influence firm competences, their relationship, along with organizational knowledge creation, remains largely unexplored. This paper examines whether and how CE associates with second-order R&amp;D and marketing competences. Building on resource-based view of the firm (RBV), in our developed model; we propose that firm second-order R&amp;D and marketing competences are differently influenced by variations of CE and organizational knowledge creation. Regression modeling, used to analyze data collected from various firms in knowledge-intensive sectors, supports our main arguments. Important and novel theoretical and managerial implications emerge from this study.</p>
Differentiation of Pigment in Eggs Using Carbon (13C/12C) and Nitrogen (15N/14N) Stable Isotopes
Authors: Sun Feng M , Shi Guang Y , Wang Hui W 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Consumers prefer natural and healthy food, but artificial pigments are often abused in egg products. The study aimed at differentiating the origin of pigments in eggs by applying the technique of carbon (13C/12C) and nitrogen (15N/14N) stable isotope analysis. Five hundred sixty laying hens were randomly distributed into 14 treatments, which were divided into four groups: maize, carophyll red pigment, carophyll yellow pigment, and a mixture of carophyll red and yellow pigments. Eggs were collected and pretreated to determe the values of the Roche Yolk Color Fan (RCF), δ13C, and δ15N. With increasing maize content, the RCF and δ13C values of yolks increased. Moreover, the RCF values in the three pigment groups were significantly influenced by the artificial colors, but δ13C values were not significantly different, regardless of the existence of pigment. The δ15N values in all treatments did not vary as regularly as the carbon stable isotope. A strong positive correlation was found between RCF and δ13C in the maize group, but no such correlation was be observed in the pigment groups. It is concluded that carbon stable isotope ratio analysis (δ13C) of the yolk can be used to differentiate the origin of the pigment added to eggs.
Application of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy for Rapid Detection of Fumonisin B2 in Raisins
Authors: Heperkan Dilek , Gökmen Ece 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential use of FTIR spectroscopy as a rapid screening method to detect fumonisin produced by Aspergillus niger. A. niger spore suspensions isolated from raisins were inoculated in Petri dishes prepared with sultana raisin or black raisin extracts containing agar and malt extract agar (MEA). After 9 days of incubation at 25°C, fumonisin B2 (FB2) production on each agar plate was determined by subjecting the agar plugs to IR spectroscopy. The presence of amino group (at 1636–1639 cm−1) was especially indicative of fumonisin production in MEA and the raisin extracts containing agar. The results were confirmed by HPLC analysis of the agar sample extracts after immunoaffinity column cleanup. It was determined that A. niger produced more FB2 in sultana raisins than in MEA, with no FB2 being produced in black raisin extract agar. This study demonstrated that proper sample preparation procedure followed by FTIR analysis is a useful technique for identifying toxigenic molds and their mycotoxin production in agricultural commodities.
Polarization-dependent coupling between a polarization-independent high-index-contrast subwavelength grating and waveguides
Authors: Katayama Takeo , Ito Jun , Kawaguchi Hitoshi 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
We investigated the optical coupling between a polarization-independent high-index-contrast subwavelength grating (HCG) and two orthogonal in-plane waveguides. We fabricated the HCG with waveguides on a silicon-on-insulator substrate and demonstrated that a waveguide with a strong output is switched by changing the polarization of light injected into the HCG. The light coupled more strongly to the waveguide in the direction perpendicular to the polarization of the incident light than to that in the parallel direction. If this waveguide-coupled HCG is incorporated into a polarization bistable vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), the output waveguide can be switched by changing the lasing polarization of the VCSEL.
Experimental method research on transverse flexoelectric response of poly(vinylidene fluoride)
Authors: Zhang Shuwen , Xu Minglong , Ma Guoliang , Liang Xu , Shen Shengping 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Flexoelectricity describes the strain-gradient-induced electric polarization existing in dielectric materials. The coefficient that exists between the strain-gradient and the induced electric polarization defines the flexoelectric coefficient tensor. It is necessary to analyze different experimental methods to evaluate the procedure of measuring the transverse flexoelectric coefficient tensor component. In this work, the transverse flexoelectric coefficient tensor component of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is studied using three different experimental methods and the effects of the mentioned methods are evaluated. The results presented in this work are helpful for the design of experiments of different dielectric materials, including ceramics and polymers on flexoelectricity.
Wall thickness measurement using resonant phenomena of circumferential Lamb waves generated by plural transducer elements located evenly on girth
Authors: Nishino Hideo , Iwata Kodai , Ishikawa Masashi 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
We present a novel method of measuring the pipe wall thickness using the resonance of the circumferential (C-) Lamb wave generated by a piezoelectric ring-shaped sensor (PS). The PS is a special device for an axially propagating torsional wave; however, the C-Lamb waves are generated simultaneously as spurious signals owing to the structure of the PS. Particularly under resonant conditions, the C-Lamb waves are dominantly generated, distorting the axially propagating wave. In this method, these troublesome spurious signals are used effectively for the measurement of the wall thickness under the PS location that is a dead zone of the PS itself. The method can compensate for its drawback, namely, the dead zone problem, without using additional instruments. In this study, the mechanisms of the generation and resonance of the C-Lamb waves were first explained. Secondly, the principle of the wall thickness estimation utilizing the resonance of the C-Lamb waves was proposed. Finally, experimental verifications were carried out. The estimated wall thicknesses agreed very well (maximum 1.5% error) with those measured by a micrometer caliper under suitable resonant conditions.