bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved detection of fMRI activation in the cerebellum at 7T with dielectric pads extending the imaging region of a commercial head coil
Authors: Vaidya Manushka V. , Lazar Mariana , Deniz Cem M. , Haemer Gillian G. , Chen Gang , Bruno Mary , Sodickson Daniel K. , Lattanzi Riccardo , Collins Christopher M. 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundThere is growing interest in detecting cerebro‐cerebellar circuits, which requires adequate blood oxygenation level dependent contrast and signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) throughout the brain. Although 7T scanners offer increased SNR, coverage of commercial head coils is currently limited to the cerebrum.PurposeTo improve cerebellar functional MRI (fMRI) at 7T with high permittivity material (HPM) pads extending the sensitivity of a commercial coil.Study TypeSimulations were used to determine HPM pad configuration and assess radiofrequency (RF) safety. In vivo experiments were performed to evaluate RF field distributions and SNR and assess improvements of cerebellar fMRI.SubjectsEight healthy volunteers enrolled in a prospective motor fMRI study with and without HPM.Field Strength/SequenceGradient echo (GRE) echo planar imaging for fMRI, turbo FLASH for flip angle mapping, GRE sequence for SNR maps, and T1‐weighted MPRAGE were acquired with and without HPM pads at 7T.AssessmentField maps, SNR maps, and anatomical images were evaluated for coverage. Simulation results were used to assess SAR levels of the experiment. Activation data from fMRI experiments were compared with and without HPM pads.Statistical TestsfMRI data were analyzed using FEAT FSL for each subject followed by group level analysis using paired t‐test of acquisitions with and without HPM.ResultsSimulations showed 52% improvement in transmit efficiency in cerebellum with HPM and SAR levels well below recommended limits. Experiments showed 27% improvement in SNR in cerebellum and improvement in coverage on T1‐weighted images. fMRI showed greater cerebellar activation in individual subjects with the HPM pad present (Z > = 4), especially in inferior slices of cerebellum, with 59% average increase in number of activated voxels in the cerebellum. Group‐level analysis showed improved functional activation (Z > = 2.3) in cerebellar regions with HPM pads without loss of measured activation elsewhere.Data ConclusionHPM pads can improve cerebellar fMRI at 7T with a commonly‐used head coil without compromising RF safety.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2018;48:431–440.
White Matter Integrity Disruptions Correlate With Cognitive Impairments in Asthma
Authors: Bian Rongrong , Zhang Yuqun , Yang Yuan , Yin Yingying , Zhao Xiaoxin , Chen Huanxin , Yuan Yonggui 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundCognitive impairments are common in asthma, which is a serious global health problem characterized by chronic airway inflammation. However, the underlying neuromechanism is still unclear.Purpose/HypothesisTo investigate the neuromechanism underlying cognitive impairments of asthma. We hypothesized that asthma patients exhibit altered white matter (WM) microstructures, which may contribute to their cognitive impairments.Study TypeCase–control study.Subjects37 patients with asthma (14 male) and 31 healthy controls (10 male).Field Strength/SequenceDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI) covering the whole brain was acquired on a 3.0T scanner using a single‐shot echo planar imaging sequence.AssessmentA DTI with tract‐based spatial statistics (TBSS) approach was used to investigate the whole‐brain differences in the WM fractional anisotropy (FA) values.Statistical TestsDemographic and neuropsychological data were performed using two independent sample t‐test or chi‐square test or Mann–Whitney rank test. The relationship between cognitive impairments and WM abnormalities was studied using correlation analyses.ResultsImpairments of language ability, executive function, and visual‐spatial processing and widespread WM disruptions reflected by FA reduction were found in asthma patients. The executive function was related to left forceps major, cingulum, and right uncinate fasciculus, ILF (inferior longitudinal fasciculus) positively (P < 0.05). FA abnormalities were positively correlated with duration of asthma and asthma control test (ACT) scores.Data ConclusionAsthma patients display multiple cognitive impairments and universally WM integrity disruptions, among which executive dysfunction closely correlates with WM abnormalities.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 5J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;48:748–756.
Variations in coaching style and their impact on subordinates' work outcomes
Authors: Hui Ray Tak‐yin , Sue‐Chan Christina 
Published: January 2018

SummaryVariations in the coaching style used by supervisors and/or managers (n = 51) at a variety of businesses in mainland China were examined for their impact on a range of subordinates' (n = 373) work outcomes. The data, collected in four waves over several months, showed as hypothesized that style variations reflected by guidance versus facilitation‐based coaching had differential effects on subordinates' adaptive performance (AP), task performance, and job‐related feelings of anxiety. Guidance coaching, for example, was negatively related to AP, whereas facilitation was positively associated; this pattern was reversed for task performance. Also, as expected, AP partially mediated both the positive relationship between guidance coaching and task performance, as well as the negative association between facilitation and task performance. Finally, a post hoc study revealed that subordinates' job‐related anxiety partially mediated the negative relationship between guidance coaching and AP, as well as the positive association involving facilitation and AP.
Identification of a maize (Zea mays L.) inbred line adapted to low‐P conditions via analyses of phosphorus utilization, root acidification, and calcium influx
Authors: Bera Tanumoy , McLamore Eric S. , Wasik Brett , Rathinasabapathi Bala , Liu Guodong 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPhosphorus (P) fertilizers are essential for achieving high crop productivity, but declining soil P reserves and cost of fertilizers suggest that improving crop varieties for improved use efficiency of P be important for sustainability. To explore the possibility of selecting crops suitable for low P conditions, two maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines, i.e., W22 and W23 were compared for growth, root morphology, and electrophysiological parameters, under hydroponic conditions with either insoluble P source (LP) or soluble P source (HP) in a factorial completely randomized design. Relative shoot biomass of W23 was significantly (38%) greater than that of W22 with LP, while relative root biomass of the two inbred lines did not differ. With LP, the P stress factor was the lowest (25%) and P dissolution in hydroponic solution was the greatest for W23. Root electrophysiological analysis revealed that W23 had 89% greater H+ efflux and 225% greater Ca2+ influx than W22 with LP. The distant elongation zone (DEZ) of W23 root was significantly longer and more shoot‐ward than W22 with LP. Thus, W23, having significantly greater relative shoot biomass, lower P stress factor, greater P dissolution, greater H+ efflux and Ca2+ influx, longer and more shoot‐ward DEZ, was better adapted to low‐P condition compared to W22. In the future, the W23 inbred line can be used for developing low‐P stress resistant varieties to utilize native insoluble soil P efficiently or to produce commercially acceptable yields using lower rates of soluble P fertilizers.
Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with favorable outcome in advanced gastric cancer patients treated with S‐1 adjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Nishizuka Satoshi S. , Tamura Gen , Nakatochi Masahiro , Fukushima Norimasa , Ohmori Yukimi , Sumida Chihiro , Iwaya Takeshi , Takahashi Takashi , Koeda Keisuke ,   Northern Japan Gastric Cancer Study Consortium
Published: January 2018

Background and ObjectivesLimited information exists regarding beneficial effects of Helicobacter pylori. To examine the effect in advanced gastric cancer, we compared survival for patients treated with surgery‐only or adjuvant chemotherapy on the basis of H. pylori infection status.MethodsA cohort of 491 patients who underwent R0 resection for locally advanced gastric cancer between 2000 and 2009 at 12 institutions in northern Japan was included. H. pylori infection status, was assessed from paraffin‐embedded formalin‐fixed samples. Overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) in surgery‐only (Surgery) and adjuvant chemotherapy (S‐1) groups were analyzed. A propensity score matching was employed to correct for confounding factors by indication.ResultsH. pylori infection was positive in 175 patients and negative in 316 patients. H. pylori‐positive patients showed significantly better survival than H. pylori‐negative patients in both OS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.593, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.417‐0.843; P = 0.003]) and DFS (HR 0.679, 95%CI 0.492‐0.937; P = 0.018). Propensity score matching further confirmed that S‐1 was virtually only effective when tumors were H. pylori‐positive.ConclusionsThe favorable outcome of H. pylori‐positive patients implies that the host immune system is modulated by H. pylori enhancing the chemotherapeutic efficacy.
Fabrication of magnetic zinc adeninate metal–organic frameworks for the extraction of benzodiazepines from urine and wastewater
Authors: Zhang Suling , Yao Weixuan , Fu Defeng , Zhang Chunxiao , Zhao Hongting 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this study, an alternative method for synthesizing magnetic cobalt adeninate metal–organic frameworks was developed, and the synthesized materials were examined for their potential application for separating and enriching benzodiazepines from complex samples. Benzodiazepines, widely used as hypnotics, muscle relaxants, sedatives, and anxiolytics, are a class of drugs that require accurate detection and monitoring. Results showed that Fe3O4 nanoparticles could be well anchored onto the external surface of cobalt adeninate metal–organic frameworks by using amino‐silane as a linkage. Their adsorption of benzodiazepines was mainly promoted by intermolecular hydrogen binding, π–π interactions and electrostatic attraction. Their potential application was evaluated by extraction of benzodiazepines in urine and wastewater samples prior to liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Under optimum conditions, the calibration curves were linear with a correlation coefficient of ≥0.9928 in the concentration range of 10–5000 ng/L for lorazepam and 5–5000 ng/L for estazolam, chlordiazepoxide, alprazolam, midazolam and triazolam. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.71–2.49 ng/L. The percent of extraction recoveries were 80.2–94.5% for urine and 84.1–94.4% for wastewater, respectively. Results suggested that magnetic cobalt adeninate metal–organic frameworks could potentially be a promising material for enriching benzodiazepines from urine and wastewater with high accuracy and precision.
Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Studies of the Interaction of Some Gold(III) Complexes with Biologically Relevant Thiones
Authors: A. Sulaiman Adam A. , Omer Khalid H. , Kawde Abdel‐Nasser , M. Wazeer M. I. , Altaf Muhammad , Musa Musa M. , Ahmad Saeed , Isab Anvarhusein A. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTThe interaction of gold(III) complexes, [Au(cis‐DACH)Cl2]Cl and [Au(cis‐DACH)2]Cl3 complexes (DACH = cis‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane), with 13C, 15N‐enriched thiourea (Tu) and 1,3‐diazinane‐2‐thione ligands was investigated. The progress of these reactions was monitored by NMR (1H, 13C, and 15N) and UV–vis spectroscopy as well as square wave stripping voltammetry. The kinetic studies of the substitution reactions between the above‐mentioned complexes with thiones in aqueous solutions containing 30 mM KCl, which is used to suppress the hydrolysis of the chloride complexes, were conducted. These reactions were followed under pseudo–first‐order conditions as functions of ligand concentration, pH, and temperature. The activation parameters (ΔH#, ΔS#) were calculated from Eyring plots, and the negative values of ΔS≠ lend support for an associative mechanism. The kinetic data also indicated a relatively higher reactivity of [Au(cis‐DACH)Cl2]Cl than that of [Au(cis‐DACH)2]Cl3 toward the thiones.
Early‐injection laryngoplasty may lower risk of thyroplasty: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Vila Peter M. , Bhatt Neel K. , Paniello Randal C. 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTo determine whether injection laryngoplasty within 6 months following the onset of unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) decreases the rate of permanent thyroplasty in adults.Data SourcesSearch strategies created by a medical librarian were implemented in multiple online research databases.Review MethodsInclusion and exclusion criteria were designed to capture randomized clinical trials and cohort studies examining adults with UVFP who received injection laryngoplasty early in the course of treatment, within 6 months of onset, or who were observed. The primary outcome was the rate of thyroplasty. The Newcastle‐Ottawa scale was used to assess quality of included cohort studies. Random effects meta‐analysis was used to calculate an overall relative risk (RR). Heterogeneity was evaluated with the I2 statistic.ResultsThe search strategy resulted in 1,177 studies, of which four cohort studies remained for meta‐analysis after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. All studies were rated as 9 of 9 on the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale. Meta‐analysis of 275 patients with UVFP revealed that the overall pooled RR of undergoing thyroplasty in those receiving an early injection was 0.25 (95% confidence interval 0.14–0.45) compared to conservative management (late or no injection). The I2 overall was 62.4%.ConclusionOtolaryngologists should offer injection laryngoplasty to patients with a diagnosis of UVFP within 6 months of diagnosis (recommendation based on grade C evidence with a preponderance of benefit over harm). Laryngoscope, 128:935–940, 2018
Light‐emitting diodes in dermatology: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Jagdeo Jared , Austin Evan , Mamalis Andrew , Wong Christopher , Ho Derek , Siegel Daniel M. 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveIn dermatology, patient and physician adoption of light‐emitting diode (LED) medical technology continues to grow as research indicates that LEDs may be used to treat skin conditions. The goal of this systematic review is to critically analyze published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and provide evidence‐based recommendations on the therapeutic uses of LEDs in dermatology based on published efficacy and safety data.MethodsA systematic review of the published literature on the use of LED treatments for skin conditions was performed on September 13th 2017.ResultsThirty‐one original RCTs were suitable for review.ConclusionsLEDs represent an emerging modality to alter skin biology and change the paradigm of managing skin conditions. Acne vulgaris, herpes simplex and zoster, and acute wound healing received grade of recommendation B. Other skin conditions received grade of recommendation C or D. Limitations of some studies include small patient sample sizes (n < 20), absent blinding, no sham placebo, and varied treatment parameters. Due to few incidences of adverse events, affordability, and encouraging clinical results, we recommend that physicians use LEDs in clinical practice and researchers continue to explore the use of LEDs to treat skin conditions. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:613–628, 2018. © 2018 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Time‐resolved fluorescence (TRF) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) for margin analysis in breast cancer
Authors: Shalaby Nourhan , Al‐Ebraheem Alia , Le Du , Cornacchi Sylvie , Fang Qiyin , Farrell Thomas , Lovrics Peter , Gohla Gabriela , Reid Susan , Hodgson Nicole , Farquharson Michael 
Published: January 2018

PurposeOne of the major problems in breast cancer surgery is defining surgical margins and establishing complete tumor excision within a single surgical procedure. The goal of this work is to establish instrumentation that can differentiate between tumor and normal breast tissue with the potential to be implemented in vivo during a surgical procedure.MethodsA time‐resolved fluorescence and reflectance spectroscopy (tr‐FRS) system is used to measure fluorescence intensity and lifetime as well as collect diffuse reflectance (DR) of breast tissue, which can subsequently be used to extract optical properties (absorption and reduced scatter coefficient) of the tissue. The tr‐FRS data obtained from patients with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) whom have undergone lumpectomy and mastectomy surgeries is presented. A preliminary study was conducted to determine the validity of using banked pre‐frozen breast tissue samples to study the fluorescence response and optical properties. Once the validity was established, the tr‐FRS system was used on a data‐set of 40 pre‐frozen matched pair cases to differentiate between tumor and normal breast tissue. All measurements have been conducted on excised normal and tumor breast samples post surgery.ResultsOur results showed the process of freezing and thawing did not cause any significant differences between fresh and pre‐frozen normal or tumor breast tissue. The tr‐FRS optical data obtained from 40 banked matched pairs showed significant differences between normal and tumor breast tissue.ConclusionThe work detailed in the main study showed the tr‐FRS system has the potential to differentiate malignant from normal breast tissue in women undergoing surgery for known invasive ductal carcinoma. With further work, this successful outcome may result in the development of an accurate intraoperative real‐time margin assessment system. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:236–245, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Temperature and pH Controlled Self‐Assembly of a Protein–Polymer Biohybrid
Authors: Jiang Lingdong , Bonde Johan Svensson , Ye Lei 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA novel pH and temperature dual‐responsive bioconjugate is prepared by grafting thermoresponsive polymer chains from a pH‐responsive protein amelogenin via atom transfer radical polymerization. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that amelogenin is exploited to prepare a hybrid biomaterial with new stimuli‐responsive property. In both basic and acidic solutions the protein–polymer bioconjugate is able to self‐assemble into uniform and stable nanoparticles when heated to above the lower critical solution temperature of the polymer. The amelogenin‐based stimuli‐responsive bioconjugate may be of great use in the fields of bioseparation and drug/gene delivery, and the synthetic approach reported here should provide a convenient means to preparing amelogenin‐based functional biohybrid materials.
Gene encoding the CTP synthetase as an appropriate molecular tool for identification and phylogenetic study of the family Bifidobacteriaceae
Authors: Killer Jiří , Mekadim Chahrazed , Pechar Radko , Bunešová Věra , Mrázek Jakub , Vlková Eva 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAn alternative molecular marker with respect to the 16S rRNA gene demonstrating better identification and phylogenetic parameters has not been designed for the whole Bifidobacteriaceae family, which includes the genus Bifidobacterium and scardovial genera. Therefore, the aim of the study was to find such a gene in available genomic sequences, suggest appropriate means and conditions for asmplification and sequencing of the desired region of the selected gene in various strains of the bacterial family and verify the importance in classification and phylogeny. Specific primers flanking the variable region (~800 pb) within the pyrG gene encoding the CTP synthetase were designed by means of gene sequences retrieved from the genomes of strains belonging to the family Bifidobacteriaceae. The functionality and specificity of the primers were subsequently tested on the wild (7) and type strains of bifidobacteria (36) and scardovia (7). Comparative and phylogenetic studies based on obtained sequences revealed actual significance in classification and phylogeny of the Bifidobacteriaceae family. Gene statistics (percentages of mean sequence similarities and identical sites, mean number of nucleotide differences, P‐ and K‐distances) and phylogenetic analyses (congruence between tree topologies, percentages of bootstrap values >50 and 70%) indicate that the pyrG gene represents an alternative identification and phylogenetic marker exhibiting higher discriminatory power among strains, (sub)species, and genera than the 16S rRNA gene. Sequences of the particular gene fragment, simply achieved through specific primers, enable more precisely to classify and evaluate phylogeny of the family Bifidobacteriaceae including, with some exceptions, health‐promoting probiotic bacteria.
Branch order regression for modeling brain vasculature
Authors: Roy Choudhury Kingshuk , Skwerer Sean 
Published: January 2018

PurposeMany biological objects, including neuronal dendrites, blood vasculature, airways, phylogenetic trees, produce tree structured data. Current methods of analysis either ignore the complex structure of trees or use distance‐based methods which limit the scope of multivariate modeling.MethodsWe propose a branching process model which enables analysis of both the branching structure and associated properties. Our novel parametrization preserves an important aspect of tree structure, namely its branch order. The model is amenable to standard methods of analysis, like generalized linear/additive models.ResultsThe model fit the distribution of the observed data quite well when applied to a collection of 98 brain artery systems. The estimated probability of branching decreases log linearly with branch order. Likewise, the average diameter of arteries decreases, while average length increases with branch order. Frontal arterial branches are on average longer and thinner than those in the back at equivalent branch orders. A mechanistic arterial branching model based on Poiseuille's blood flow law, which uses vessel length and diameter information, fit the observed branching structure significantly better. This model is further improved by including branch order, suggesting viscoelastic flow impacts branching in narrower vessels.ConclusionAfter adjustment for branch order, brain arterial branching probabilities decreased significantly with age and length, but increased with diameter. Arteries become thicker and branch less frequently with increasing age, but the age effect decreases with branch order.