bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast Downflows Observed during a Polar Crown Filament Eruption
Authors: Sun Zheng , Tian Hui , Li Ting , Liu Rui , Duan Yadan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Solar filaments can undergo eruptions that result in the formation of coronal mass ejections, which can significantly impact planetary space environments. Observations of eruptions involving polar crown filaments, situated in the polar regions of the Sun, are limited. In this study, we report a polar crown filament eruption (SOL2023-06-12), characterized by fast downflows below the filament. The downflows appear instantly after the onset of the filament eruption and persist for approximately 2 hr, exhibiting plane-of-sky velocities ranging between 92 and 144 km s−1. They originate from the leading edge of the filament, and no clear acceleration is observed. Intriguingly, these downflows appear at two distinct sites, symmetrically positioned at the opposite ends of the conjugate flare ribbons. Based on the observations, we propose that the filament might be supported by a magnetic flux rope (MFR), and these downflows possibly occur along the legs of the MFR. The downflows likely result from continuous reconnections between the MFR and the overlying magnetic field structures and could either be reconnection outflows or redirected filament materials. We also observed horizontal drifting of the locations of downflows, which might correspond to the MFR’s footpoint drifting. This type of downflow can potentially be utilized to track the footpoints of MFRs during eruptions.
Probing Coronal Mass Ejection Inclination Effects with EUHFORIA
Authors: Martinić Karmen , Asvestari Eleanna , Dumbović Mateja , Rindlisbacher Tobias , Temmer Manuela , Vršnak Bojan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are complex magnetized plasma structures in which the magnetic field spirals around a central axis, forming what is known as a flux rope (FR). The central FR axis can be oriented at any angle with respect to the ecliptic. Throughout its journey, a CME will encounter interplanetary magnetic fields and solar winds that are neither homogeneous nor isotropic. Consequently, CMEs with different orientations will encounter different ambient medium conditions and, thus, the interaction of a CME with its surrounding environment will vary depending on the orientation of its FR axis, among other factors. This study aims to understand the effect of inclination on CME propagation. We performed simulations with the EUHFORIA 3D magnetohydrodynamic model. This study focuses on two CMEs modeled as spheromaks with nearly identical properties, differing only by their inclination. We show the effects of CME orientation on sheath evolution, MHD drag, and nonradial flows by analyzing the model data from a swarm of 81 virtual spacecraft scattered across the inner heliospheric. We have found that the sheath duration increases with radial distance from the Sun and that the rate of increase is greater on the flanks of the CME. Nonradial flows within the studied sheath region appear larger outside the ecliptic plane, indicating a “sliding” of the interplanetary magnetic field in the out-of-ecliptic plane. We found that the calculated drag parameter does not remain constant with radial distance and that the inclination dependence of the drag parameter cannot be resolved with our numerical setup.
Oxygen Isotope Exchange between Dust Aggregates and Ambient Nebular Gas
Authors: Arakawa Sota , Yamamoto Daiki , Ishizaki Lily , Okamoto Tamami , Kawasaki Noriyuki 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Meteorites and their components exhibit a diverse range of oxygen isotope compositions, and the isotopic exchange timescale between dust grains and ambient gas is a key parameter for understanding the spatiotemporal evolution of the solar nebula. As dust grains existed as macroscopic aggregates in the solar nebula, it is necessary to consider the isotopic exchange timescales for these aggregates. Here, we theoretically estimate the isotope exchange timescales between dust aggregates and ambient vapor. The isotope exchange process between aggregates and ambient vapor is divided into four processes: (i) supply of gas molecules to the aggregate surface, (ii) diffusion of molecules within the aggregate, (iii) isotope exchange on the surface of constituent particles, and (iv) isotope diffusion within the particles. We evaluate these timescales and assess which one becomes the rate-determining step. We reveal that the isotope exchange timescale is approximately the same as that of the constituent particles when the aggregate radius is smaller than the critical value, which is a few centimeters when considering the exchange reaction between amorphous forsterite aggregates and water vapor.
Mixed Source Region Signatures inside Magnetic Switchback Patches Inferred by Heavy Ion Diagnostics
Authors: Rivera Yeimy J. , Badman Samuel T. , Stevens Michael L. , Raines Jim M. , Owen Christopher J. , Paulson Kristoff , Niembro Tatiana , Livi Stefano A. , Lepri Susan T. , Landi Enrico , Halekas Jasper S. , Ervin Tamar , Dewey Ryan M. , Coburn Jesse T. , Bale Stuart D. , Alterman B. L. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Since Parker Solar Probe’s (Parker’s) first perihelion pass at the Sun, large-amplitude Alfvén waves grouped in patches have been observed near the Sun throughout the mission. Several formation processes for these magnetic switchback patches have been suggested with no definitive consensus. To provide insight into their formation, we examine the heavy ion properties of several adjacent magnetic switchback patches around Parker’s 11th perihelion pass, capitalizing on a spacecraft lineup with Solar Orbiter where each samples the same solar wind streams over a large range of longitudes. Heavy ion properties (Fe/O, C6+/C5+, O7+/O6+) related to the wind’s coronal origin, measured with Solar Orbiter, can be linked to switchback patch structures identified near the Sun with Parker. We find that switchback patches do not contain distinctive ion and elemental compositional signatures different from the surrounding nonswitchback solar wind. Both the patches and ambient wind exhibit a range of fast and slow wind qualities, indicating coronal sources with open and closed field lines in close proximity. These observations and modeling indicate switchback patches form in coronal hole boundary wind and with a range of source region magnetic and thermal properties. Furthermore, the heavy ion signatures suggest interchange reconnection and/or shear-driven processes may play a role in their creation.
Interpersonal communication in the motor insurance sector during the claims stage
Authors: Smit Lise-Mari , Sutton Lucinda B. , Bezuidenhout Louise 
Published: October 2024

Orientation: The South African short-term motor insurance industry is highly competitive, offering clients many choices. Therefore, the long-term retention of clients is crucial for an insurance company’s sustainability.Research purpose: The study aims to report on the context-specific communication challenges during the claims stage and to propose recommendations to mitigate them from an interpersonal communication perspective.Motivation for the study: Studies on client retention have been conducted from a marketing or corporate communication perspective, but it is not known how interpersonal communication during the claims phase could impact long-term relationships.Research design, approach and method: We followed a qualitative approach, with a single case study design. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with senior management and claims administrators in the motor insurance department of a large South African insurer. The data were inductively analysed through qualitative content analysis from which the challenges were identified.Main findings: A lack of mutual understanding, ineffective conflict management, a lack of trust and one-way communication were identified as the main challenges experienced by claims administrators in their communication with clients during the claims stage.Practical/managerial implications: Practical principles such as sympathy and empathy, listening, feedback, respect, providing and clarifying information and providing access to resources, together with ethical and transparent communication, two-way symmetrical communication and dialogue should be included in claims administrators’ training to enable them to understand and adapt to the client’s needs.Contribution/value-add: A framework for training claims administrators operating in this context is presented, offering a theoretical and practical contribution.
Hybrid retirement strategy in South Africa
Authors: Van Niekerk Andries J. , Moutzouris Vasili , Maré Eben 
Published: October 2024

Background: Many retirees in South Africa face the challenge of either outliving their retirement savings or living below their means. Studies suggest a ‘safe’ withdrawal rate of between 4% and 5%, which is below the average fund size-weighted drawdown rate of approximately 6.66%.Aim: To provide a scientific basis for the success rate of a ‘hybrid’ retirement strategy, whereby a retiree invests a proportion of their savings in a life annuity and the remaining proportion in a living annuity, to increase the success rate for South African retirees.Setting: Historical asset class returns (equities, bonds and inflation) for South Africa were sourced for the period 1900–2020.Method: Bootstrap sampling of historical asset returns was employed to simulate 10 000 random scenarios to investigate the success rate of various compositions of the ‘hybrid’ retirement strategy.Results: The success rate of all ‘hybrid’ portfolio compositions is significantly greater than the success rate of a pure living annuity when the withdrawal rate is less than 8%.Conclusion: In a South African context, a ‘hybrid’ retirement portfolio increases the probability of success for retirees withdrawing less than 8% from their portfolio – which constitutes approximately 50% of the current annuatised population – and may increase the inheritance of a retiree’s heir.Contribution: Where other studies have focussed solely on the success rate of a living annuity, we have shown that a ‘hybrid’ retirement strategy increases a South African retiree’s likelihood of retiring successfully when the withdrawal rate is less than 8%, which is approximately 50% of the annuatised population.
Determinants of foreign direct investment in SADC region: Case of financial development, institutions and openness
Authors: Makalima Sisonke O. , Nduna Sisangile , Kapingura Forget M. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Countries in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region have experienced low growth coupled with high levels of poverty and inequality. Economic growth has been touted as one of the major factors to deal with these problems. However, the lack of financial resources has hampered the efforts to achieve high levels of growth. This has therefore resulted in the countries putting much effort on attracting foreign capital.Aim: The study aims to investigate the extent to which financial development (FSD), financial openness, and institutional quality determine the inflow of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the SADC region.Setting: The study focuses on 15 countries in the SADC region from 2008 to 2022.Method: The study employs the Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) technique given the problem of endogeneity between the variables of interest.Results: The findings from the study indicate that FSD and financial openness are important factors determining the flow of FDI to the SADC region. On the other hand, the effect of institutions was found to be significant when taking into account the state of FSD and financial openness.Conclusion: Policymakers are encouraged to focus on enhancing institutional frameworks, promoting FSD, and increasing financial openness to optimise capital inflows.Contribution: The study contributes to the available studies by incorporating the role that is played by institutional quality and financial openness to the modelling. This becomes important as the region aims at attracting more foreign capital so as to improve growth as domestic capital supply falls short of domestic capital demand.
Evaluation of the influence of platelet-rich fibrin on socket preservation – A clinical and radiological study
Authors: Kalra Ashish , Kalra Shilpa , Chaudhary Kanaram 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has been shown to accelerate bone regeneration in artificial defects. Postextraction alveolar resorption is significantly more on the buccal surfaces, and PRF has been shown to decrease the resorption rate.

Materials and Methods:
The study included 30 medically fit subjects of an age group of 20–50 years irrespective of gender for bilateral extraction of nonrestorable teeth in CMDC, Lucknow. Subjects were randomly divided into Groups A and B. In Group A (controls), the extraction sockets were closed without any intra-socket medicaments. In Group B (cases), PRF was placed in extraction socket before the closure of the socket. The pain and radiographic changes were evaluated.

Discussion:
Intragroup comparison showed significant differences in bone density, bone width, and bone height at 1, 3, and 6 months in both control group and PRF group. Intergroup comparison also showed significant differences in terms of swelling between control group and PRF group.

Conclusion:
PRF shows excellent biocompatibility and bone regeneration potential. The use of PRF can reduce long time needed for new bone formation, as well as the morbidity risk related to harvesting autogenous bone graft.
Pattern of ABO blood group and haemoglobin electrophoresis (phenotype) among patients presenting with acute Noma in a referral center, Northwest Nigeria
Authors: Bala Mujtaba , Abubakar Sani Bako , Braimah Ramat Oyebunmi , Bello Seidu , Taiwo Abdurrazaq Olanrewaju , Abdullahi Mohammed Adam Sheikh , Suleiman Ibrahim Kayode , Abubakar Muhammad Lawal , Bello Abubakar Abdullahi , Ndakotsu Muhammad Alhaji , Bashir Umar Babangida 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Noma is a necrotizing destructive disease of the orofacial structures with poorly understood etiopathogenesis. This study aimed to present the pattern of ABO blood group and hemoglobin electrophoresis (phenotype) in patients presenting with acute Noma.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective study conducted over five months (November, 2023 to April, 2024) using five year record of patients who presented with acute noma. After obtaining ethical approval, case notes of patients who were managed for acute Noma were retrieved. Patients’ demographic information such as age and sex was recorded. The blood group and the hemoglobin phenotype of the patients were also recorded. Data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS version 25).

Results:
A total of 205 subjects were recruited, of which there were 100 (48.8%) males and 105 (51.2%) females. The age mean ± standard deviation of the patient was 5.06 ± 3.74 in the range of 9 months–22 years. The blood group O 119 (58.3%) was the highest. The majority of the subjects 179 (87.3%) were found to have rhesus positive blood group antigen. Blood group O was found to have the highest positive rhesus antigen with a significant difference (χ
2 = 9.620, df = 3, P = 0.022). The association between the ABO blood group and the phenotype showed that subjects with blood group O have the highest AA phenotype with no significant difference (χ
2 = 8.855, df = 6, P = 0.182).

Conclusion:
This study revealed more frequent blood group “O” rhesus positive and “AA” hemoglobin electrophoresis (phenotype) in patients with acute Noma which is similar to the general population in the same geographical region.
Feasibility of One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass Using the SSI Mantra Robotic Platform
Authors: Mehrotra Magan , Kumar Chukka Gautam , Mehrotra Nikhil 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) has become a very popular primary bariatric surgery especially in patients with severe obesity. Robot assisted surgery has been found to be helpful in performing OAGB procedure in patients with severe obesity as it helps in providing a stable platform during complex dissection and suturing involved. The purpose of this study is to report the feasibility of Robotic OAGB using the relatively new SSI Mantra robotic platform.
Early severe paravalvular leak following mitral valve replacement with a prosthetic mechanical bileaflet valve
Authors: Natarajan Deepak , Mittal Chandar Mohan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
A middle-aged woman developed severe breathlessness soon after mitral valve replacement for rheumatic heart disease with severe mitral stenosis and moderate mitral regurgitation. Echocardiography (two-dimensional and transesophageal) revealed a severe paravalvular leak into the left atrium between the mechanical bileaflet mitral valve and the aortic annulus. The patient was stabilized with intravenous nitroglycerin and torsemide, and the heart rate was controlled with tablet metoprolol. The patient was successfully treated with a redo surgery using a larger mechanical mitral bileaflet valve (size 29 mm) and interrupted sutures. A 25-mm mechanical bileaflet valve was used during index surgery.
Preterm Infant Enteral Feeding Practices in Saudi Arabia: A Scoping Review
Authors: Alyahya Wesam A. , Alsharfa Rayhana H. , Alduhbaki Noor A. , Al-Zahir Batool N. , Alqalaf Marwa A. , Altwejry Hussah M. , Alessa Hanoof A. , Alawfi Jumanah S. , Ahmad Shakil A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Preterm infants are at risk of developing nutritional deficiencies, which is further compounded by the fact that providing them with adequate nutrition is often challenging. Enteral feeding (EF) practices vary across neonatal units and can be impacted by the setting and geographical region. There is also a lack of evidence on best practices.

Objective:
To investigate EF practices and related nutrition factors, patterns, and outcomes in preterm infants in Saudi Arabia by examining studies published in this area.

Methods:
A search was conducted for articles on EF practices among preterm infants in Saudi Arabia that were published between January 2010 and May 2024. Searches were carried out across five electronic databases and through searching inward and backward citation and reference lists of relevant papers. Studies that described or assessed EF practices used in preterm infants from any region of Saudi Arabia and were published in English or Arabic were included.

Results:
The database and manual search resulted in 1905 articles. After removing duplicates and applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 14 publications were included: 12 were observational studies, 1 was a conference abstract (with retrospective analysis), and 1 was a commentary. Of these, 7 studies were conducted in the Central Province, 6 in the Western Province, and 1 in the Eastern Province. More than half of the publications (8 of 14) were published between 2021 and 2023. The studies included were categorized to three themes based on their aim: studies describing practices on mother–infant bond to encourage breastfeeding, assessing nutritional status and EF, and assessing EF as a risk factor for developing prematurity complications.

Conclusion:
While research activity on EF practices in Saudi Arabia has increased very recently, yet there is a paucity of studies, particularly experimental studies that focus on both short- and long-term health outcomes.
Effect of Phenolic and Alkaloid Extract of Senna occidentalis Leaf on the Oxidative Status of the Heart in High Fat-diet Streptozotocin-induced Type 2 Diabetic Wistar Rats
Authors: Saheed Emmanuel Saviour , Abdulkareem Mutiat A. , Adeleke Fehintoluwa Celestina 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective:
This research examined the effects of extracts (alkaloid and phenolic) from the leaves of Senna occidentalis on the oxidative status of heart in Wistar rats fed high-fat diets and induced with streptozotocin. Type 2 diabetes was established in the rats by injecting 35 mg/kg of streptozotocin intraperitoneally.

Materials and Methods
Forty-three experimental rats were randomly categorized into seven groups of six rats each, with Group 1 as control group, which comprised seven rats. The remaining groups were as follows group 2 (untreated diabetic rats), Group 3 (metformin-treated diabetic rats), Group 4 (phenolic extract-treated diabetic rats), Group 5 (alkaloids extract-treated diabetic rats), Group 6 (high-dose phenolic extract-treated diabetic rats), and Group 7 (high-dose alkaloids extract-treated diabetic rats).

Results:
The activity levels of various biochemical factors such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, and malondialdehyde were assessed to determine antioxidant status.

Conclusions:
The findings of this study demonstrated that the phenolic and alkaloid extracts from S. occidentalis possess antioxidant properties and show promise in the management of type 2 diabetes.
Social work and women's violence care in Morocco
Authors: Mrabti Laila , Rhoulam Inass , Nejjar Fedwa , Belamfedel Alaoui Zouhair 
Published: October 2024

This study explored the challenges and practices of social workers at Moroccan Integrated Care Units for Women and Children Victims of Violence (ICUWCVV) regarding violence as a major public health and social injustice issue. The study was guided by the Ubuntu philosophy, which emphasizes community solidarity, justice and human dignity. The theoretical framework is informed by African feminist epistemologies critiquing and extending African methods of empowerment within care practices. It applied indigenous research methodology through semi-structured interviews with 13 social workers across the Fès-Meknès region. In this paper, we will share the experiences in the field and challenges in operationalizing services. The perceived lack of training and resources in the programs impacts the quality of care provided and the ability to offer empathetic, victim-centered services. A need for training has been identified for all accountable health and social care workers who have access to case notes under the information-sharing protocol. Recommendations are made to contribute to policy development in areas related to continuous professional development support, as well as improved resourcing aimed at providing effective and culturally competent care for victims. These recommendations also emphasize the revaluation and incorporation of African philosophies and knowledge systems into social work practices. The recommendations draw upon national guidelines from governing bodies, outlining best practices and evidence-based methods for delivering healthcare, which service providers are expected to implement.

HOW TO REFERENCE USING ASWDNET STYLE
Mrabti L., Rhoulam I, Nejjar, F. and Belamfedel Alaoui Z. (2024). Social work and women's violence care in Morocco. African Journal of Social Work, 14(4), 225-232 https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajsw.v14i4.6
Visit journal website: https://ajsw.africasocialwork.net