bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal high‐fat high‐sugar diet impairs bone quality and strength but not cartilage in aging mice
Authors: Oestreich Arin K. , Harasymowicz Natalia S. , Savadipour Alireza , Harissa Zainab , Rashidi Neda , Luhmann Meredith K. , Kuziez Mohammed , Moley Kelle H. , Guilak Farshid 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent aging disorder of synovial joints and recent work suggests that a parental high‐fat diet increases OA severity following joint injury in offspring. We hypothesized that a maternal high‐fat high‐sugar (HFHS) diet would promote spontaneous osteoarthritis‐related cartilage and bone changes in 1‐year‐old offspring. Female C57BL/6 J mice were placed on either a chow control or HFHS diet for 6 weeks before mating to a chow‐fed C57BL/6 J male and maintained on their assigned diets throughout pregnancy and lactation. Male and female offspring were weaned onto a chow diet, raised to 1 year of age, and evaluated for cartilage and bone changes indicative of OA. However, offspring did not show early signs of OA as measured by histological Mankin scoring, mechanical testing of the pericellular matrix, histological synovitis scoring, or subchondral bone thickening as measured by microcomputed Tomography. On the other hand, male offspring from HFHS‐fed dams had reduced trabecular bone quality in the tibial metaphysis and decreased cortical thickness. Although maternal HFHS diet did not impact trabecular or cortical bone quality in tibias of female offspring, the radii of these animals had decreased cortical thickness, increased medullary area, and impaired breaking strength compared to those of control‐fed dams. Finally, we evaluated bone quality and strength in male and female F2 offspring and found that the grandmaternal diet modestly impacted radial bone geometry but not strength. Together these results suggest that maternal HFHS diet impairs F1 offspring skeletal integrity in a sex and bone site‐specific manner.
Cervical motion analysis using wearable inertial sensors to patients with cervical ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament
Authors: Osuka Satoshi , Takahata Masahiko , Takeda Ryo , Chiba Takeshi , Hori Hiroaki , Kataoka Yoshiaki , Iwasaki Norimasa , Mukaino Masahiko , Tohyama Harukazu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to clarify cervical kinematics during daily activities, including level walking and stair ascending, in patients with cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (C‐OPLL). Eighteen patients with myelopathy caused by C‐OPLL and 18 healthy controls were recruited to participate in the study. The sagittal cervical kinematics during level walking and stair ascent were quantitatively assessed using a motion analysis system based on wearable inertial sensors. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association score, Japanese Orthopaedic Association Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire, Neck Disability Index, and deep sensation in the lower extremities were assessed in all participants. Nine of 18 patients with C‐OPLL presented with deep sensory disturbances. Patients with C‐OPLL with deep sensory disturbances exhibited different sagittal plane cervical motion patterns than healthy controls during level walking and stair ascent. During the first phase of stair ascent, both patients with C‐OPLL and healthy controls flexed their necks to the same degree; however, during the middle and final phases of stair ascent and all phases of level walking, the mean cervical flexion angle of patients with C‐OPLL with deep sensory disturbances was significantly higher than that of patients with C‐OPLL without deep sensory disturbance and healthy controls. Our data suggest that patients with C‐OPLL presenting with deep sensory disturbances are likely to walk with their necks flexed and gaze downward to observe their steps throughout their daily lives. This habitual neck posture may lead to a vicious cycle of cervical kyphosis and worsening of compressive myelopathy.
Anterolateral and accessory anterolateral portals are safe to avoid subcutaneous nerve injury during subtalar arthroscopy—Definition of safe zones for standard lateral portals
Authors: Hirtler Lena , Bussek Vinzenz , Kleinberger Markus , Willegger Madeleine 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeInjury to the superficial peroneal nerve (SPN) or the sural nerve (SN) is a common complication in subtalar arthroscopy. The purpose of this anatomical study was to evaluate the distance to surrounding subcutaneous nerves in the vicinity of three standard arthroscopic portals for subtalar joint arthroscopy and through actual portal placement for arthroscopic procedures, in order to define anatomical safe zones.MethodsForty paired fresh‐frozen foot‐and‐ankle specimens were used. Subtalar arthroscopy using a three‐portal technique (anterolateral [AL], posterolateral [PL] and accessory anterolateral [AAL] portals) was performed. After completion of subtalar arthroscopy, the portals were marked, and all surrounding subcutaneous nerves, that is, the branches of the SPN and SN, were dissected. The distance of the nearest nerve at the level of the respective portal was measured and potential injury was recorded.ResultsThe nearest nerve at the level of the AL portal was the intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve at a mean of 15.4 ± 5.1 mm medial to the portal. The nearest nerve at the level of the AAL portal was the lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve at a mean of 17.7 ± 4.8 mm, being lateral to the portal. The nearest nerve at the level of the PL portal was the SN at a mean of 6.7 ± 4.7 mm anterior to the portal. Based on the measurements, safe zones were defined.ConclusionsPlacement of the AL and AAL portals in subtalar arthroscopy is saved using standard anatomical landmarks and a thorough surgical technique. At the level of the PL portal, the SN is the most endangered structure in subtalar arthroscopy. Surgeons should be aware of the proximity of the SN to the PL portal and take the utmost care during portal placement and instrument insertion to avoid iatrogenic injury. The risk of nerve damage during portal placement may be reduced when positioning the portals in the defined safe zones.Level of EvidenceNot applicable.
Orthopaedic surgery residents with a mentor report greater self‐assessed theoretical and practical preparedness than residents without a mentor
Authors: Watrinet Julius , Bumberger Alexander , Niemeyer Philipp , Achtnich Andrea , Siebenlist Sebastian , Hinz Maximilian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of mentorship on self‐perceived theoretical and practical skill levels of German‐speaking residents affiliated to a scientific society with a focus on sports medicine. It was hypothesized that orthopaedic surgery residents with a mentor would report higher subjective theoretical and practical skills and less apprehension towards performing surgeries unsupervised compared to those without mentors.MethodsA 35‐item questionnaire was distributed among resident members of AGA—Society for Arthroscopy and Joint‐Surgery. The survey explored the current status of mentoring and self‐assessed theoretical and practical skill levels as well as apprehension towards performing surgeries unsupervised (1–10 scale with higher values indicating higher skill level or greater apprehension).ResultsIn total, 115 residents were included, of which 46 (40.0%) had a mentor. The majority of residents without a mentor (65.7%) reported the desire to have a mentor. Residents with a mentor reported significantly higher self‐assessed theoretical (p = 0.003) and practical skill levels (p < 0.001) and less apprehension towards performing surgeries unsupervised (p < 0.001) compared to residents without a mentor. The presence of formal mentorship programs increased the likelihood of having a mentor significantly (odds ratio [OR] 7.17, p < 0.001). Male and female participants did not differ significantly in self‐assessed skill level or apprehension towards performing surgeries unsupervised.ConclusionResidents with a mentor reported greater subjective skill levels and stated less apprehension towards performing surgeries unsupervised compared to residents without a mentor. The majority of residents without a mentor stated that they would like to have a mentor. This may be achieved by establishing more formal mentorship programs as they facilitate mentorship.Level of EvidenceLevel IV, cross‐sectional study.
Panda Rope Bridge Technique promoted Achilles tendon regeneration in a novel rat tendon defect model
Authors: Shen Chen , Sun Xianding , Li Zhi , Zhang Ruobin , Huang Junlan , Tang Kaiying , Wang Ting , Xie Yangli , Chen Lin , Nie Mao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to determine whether the Achilles tendon tissue can undergo the pathological process of Achilles tendon regeneration after the Panda Rope Bridge Technique (PRBT).MethodsRats (n = 120) that operated with Achilles tendon rupture were divided into three treatment groups: Defect group (D group), PRBT group and Defect + Fix group (DF group). The D group represented natural healing with no treatment, the PRBT group represented healing receiving PRBT treatment and the DF group represented healing through conservative treatment by ankle fixation. The morphological, histological and biomechanical properties of the defective Achilles tendon were assessed at 7, 10, 12, 14, 28 and 56 days postoperatively.ResultsCompared to that observed in the other two groups, defected rat Achilles tendons that underwent PRBT recruited more cells earlier, eventually forming mature tendons, as revealed by histological analysis. PRBT also enabled defected tendons to regain stronger mechanical properties, thereby improving the prognosis. This improvement may be related to the earlier polarization of macrophages.ConclusionBy establishing and using a novel surgical model of Achilles tendon rupture in rats, most injured Achilles tendons can regenerate and regain normal histological properties, whereas tendons with other interventions formed fibrotic scar tissue. The strong regenerative capacity of tendon tissue enabled us to describe the pathological process of tendon regeneration after PRBT surgery in detail, which would aid in the treatment of tendon injuries. PRBT promotes Achilles tendon regeneration and has the potential to become a standard treatment.Level of EvidenceNot applicable.
Neoadjuvant Capecitabine in Operable HPV‐Negative Head and Neck Cancer: Fortuitous Findings in a Resource Constrained Setting
Authors: Mascarella Marco A. , Richardson Keith , Mlynarek Alex , Hier Michael P. , Caglar Derin , Florianova Livia , Pusztaszeri Marc Philippe , Sultanem Khalil , Sadeghi Nader , Bouganim Nathaniel , Esfahani Khashayar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveLimited progress has occurred in treating operable human papillomavirus (HPV)‐negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Accessing timely care remains challenging in public health care systems, potentially resulting in disease progression before treatment initiation.Study DesignA prospective cohort of patients receiving neoadjuvant capecitabine (NC) was compared to stage‐matched patients undergoing standard of care (SC).SettingThis study was performed at 2 academic centers in Montreal, Canada.MethodsTo ascertain the effect of 2 cycles of NC in operable HPV‐negative HNSCC patients on clinical‐to‐pathologic stage migration. Comparison to an SC group was performed to site and TNM stage matched patients. Pathologic treatment response was measured using the modified Ryan score.ResultsWe compared 16 NC patients (11 oral cavity, 3 skin, 2 larynx) with 32 SC patients. Ten NC patients exhibited a pathologic response (1 complete, 3 major, 6 minor). Clinical‐to‐pathologic stage migration differed significantly between NC and SC groups: downstage (6 vs 1), upstage (3 vs 14), no change (7 vs 17, P = .0047). There was no severe treatment toxicity related to capecitabine. All patients in the NC group underwent surgery.ConclusionNC followed by surgery demonstrates measurable pathologic response in HPV‐negative HNSCC, suggesting potential utility in resource‐limited health care settings.
Relationship Between Voice Problems and Depression Among American Adults
Authors: Lee Ho Kyung , Bonilha Heather Shaw , Hong Ickpyo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveVoice problems have a large impact on quality‐of‐life and societal participation. It has been previously reported that persons with voice problems have a higher likelihood of depression than those without voice problems. Despite this knowledge, little has changed in clinical practice related to screening for depression or incorporating the presence of depression in treatment planning. This study aims to provide an updated analysis of the prevalence of depressive symptoms in persons with voice disorders to elucidate the current magnitude of the relationship in hopes that this will provoke greater awareness of the co‐occurrence of voice problems and depression and improve clinical care.Study DesignCross‐sectional design with a national survey.SettingNone.MethodsThe study examined the 23,706 adults from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey database. A series of logistic regression models with propensity score matching approaches were used to examine the association between voice problems and depression by accounting for demographics and health conditions.ResultsWhen comparing persons with and without voice problems, there were statistical differences in demographics and health conditions (all P < .05); however, those differences were balanced by propensity score matching methods (all P > .05). The balanced samples revealed that those with voice problems were approximately twice as likely to experience depressive symptoms (odds ratios ranged from 1.532 to 2.024, all P < .05) compared to those without voice problems. Depressive symptoms increased with the severity (P < .0001) and duration of the voice problem (P = .0328).ConclusionThe study found robust associations between voice problems and depression within the current American adult population in 2022. To achieve optimal treatment outcomes, it is critical that the co‐occurrence of voice problems and depression is understood, and that treatment planning addressed both conditions, when applicable.
The Impact of Code Bundling on Medicare Volume and Reimbursements Within Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Authors: Liu Derek H. , Torabi Sina J. , Bitner Benjamin F. , Kuan Edward C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn 2018, Medicare introduced new codes to the Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) and balloon sinus dilation (BSD) families of Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes. Using the Medicare Part B National Summary Data File from 2010 to 2022, an interrupted time‐series analysis examined trends in volume and reimbursements before and after 2018. Prior to 2018, volume and reimbursements for FESS grew at a mean rate of 2.5% ± 2.2% per year and 6.9% ± 6.6% per year, respectively, before reimbursements decreased significantly in 2018 by −13.9% (P = .014), leading to a stabilization of volume (growth of 0.72%, P = .602). Volume and reimbursements for BSD saw rapid growth from 2011 to 2015 which plateaued prior to the introduction of bundled codes and did not appear to change significantly in 2018 (−0.6%, P = .306 and 11.9%, P = .392, respectively). In addition to concurrent devaluation of FESS and BSD codes, bundling appears to have further contributed to falling reimbursements in rhinology.
Platelet Concentrates Impact on Myringoplasty Outcomes in Chronic Otitis Media Patients: Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Alahmadi Rana A. , Lajdam Ghassan Bin , Aghashami Afnan , Hamdan Dalia , Almalki Abdulaziz H. , Altalhi Atheer A. , Amoodi Hosam A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis of myringoplasty outcomes following platelet concentrates application in patients with chronic otitis media (COM).Data SourcesWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central register of Controlled Clinical Trials (CENTRAL). We also performed a manual search in Google Scholar and reference lists.Review MethodsEligible for inclusion were randomized controlled trials on COM patients undergoing myringoplasty with platelet concentrates (platelet‐rich plasma or platelet‐rich fibrin) compared to myringoplasty alone. The primary outcomes were graft uptake and air‐bone gap (ABG) gain, while the secondary outcome was complication rate. We used odds ratio (OR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) to represent dichotomous and continuous outcomes, respectively.ResultsThirteen trials (n = 1179) were deemed eligible. Platelet concentrates significantly improved graft uptake after 6 months (OR: 2.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.34‐4.47, P = .004, I2 = 0%, high certainty), ABG gain (SMD: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.17‐0.55, P = .0002, I2 = 0%, moderate certainty), and complication rate (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.18‐0.82, P = .01, I2 = 0%, low certainty).ConclusionOur results showed that platelet concentrates may improve graft uptake and ABG gain and reduce complications in COM patients undergoing myringoplasty. Caution is warranted given to the relatively small sample size, as well as inconsistent reporting across included trials.
Electronic senses and UPLC‐Q‐TOF/MS combined with chemometrics analyses of Cynanchum species (Baishouwu)
Authors: Tang Junjie , Luo Man , Fei Xiaomeng , Qiu Rongli , Wang Mei , Gan Yifu , Qian Xudong , Zhang Daoguo , Gu Wei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionBaishouwu, derived from Cynanchum auriculatum (CA) Royle ex Wight, Cynanchum bungei (CB) Decne., and Cynanchum wilfordii (CW) (Maxim.) Hemsl., is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine. CA is also recognized as a new food resource by China's National Health Commission. Given the considerable variations in flavor and chemical composition among these species and lack of their qualitative assessments, accurately differentiating between the species constituting Baishouwu is essential.ObjectiveTo develop a method combining electronic tongue (E‐tongue), electronic nose (E‐nose), and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole‐time of flight/mass spectrometry (UPLC‐Q‐TOF/MS) to differentiate between Baishouwu samples.Material and methodsFifteen batches of Baishouwu samples were analyzed using E‐tongue, E‐nose, and UPLC‐Q‐TOF/MS. Flavor differences and key differential metabolites were determined through principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis.ResultsE‐tongue results revealed umami, sweetness, and richness as the predominant flavors of Baishouwu, with CA having the highest umami response, CW exhibiting the highest bitterness, and CB the highest sweetness. E‐nose sensors showed consistent responses across species, with variations in signal strength; W1W and W2W sensors showed the highest response values. A total of 158 and 41 characteristic variables in the positive and negative ion modes, respectively, were selected as candidate differential metabolites, of which 29 and 14 were confirmed through database comparison. Eight critical differential metabolites, including C21 steroids and acetophenone compounds, were identified.ConclusionThis study presents a strategy for differentiating among the species constituting Baishouwu, providing a basis for broader application and establishing quality standards for these medicinal compounds.
Carbon nanotube manipulates crystallization kinetics and viscoelastic behavior of PP/EBC blends
Authors: Rajabifar Nariman , Yazdandoost Payam , Dastnaei Parnian Gholami , Rostami Amir 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPolypropylene (PP) offers numerous benefits to industrial applications due to its excellent processability and cost‐effectiveness. However, the widespread utilization of this commodity thermoplastic is constrained by its inherently low‐impact resistance. Herein, we suggest a ternary system with the addition of ethylene‐butene copolymer (EBC) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to improve the overall performance of PP. We unveil the role of MWCNTs on the crystalline behavior of the PP/EBC blends when various ratios are considered. The calculated half‐time crystallization from the Avrami equation indicates that 1.5 wt% MWCNTs accelerate the crystallization of the PP/EBC blend nearly threefold. The formation of a semisolid microstructure is also reported using the rheological measurements. An upturn in complex viscosity, along with a frequency‐independent storage modulus, indicates strong interactions between MWCNTs and polymer chains. We confirm such robust interactions by employing temperature ramp sweep on the prepared nanocomposites as the decomposition temperature of the materials shifts to higher values. The dynamic mechanical analysis further interprets the role of MWCNTs as compatibilizers by bridging the gap between the glassy temperature of PP and EBC components.Highlights
Theoretical prediction of the MWCNTs localization in the PP/EBC blends.
Depicting the solid‐like behavior and viscosity upturn of PP/EBC/MWCNTs.
Decelerating polymer chain relaxation led by nucleation role of MWCNTs.
Formation of larger and more imperfect crystals upon the addition of MWCNTs.
Faster crystallization kinetics in the PP/EBC/MWCNTs nanocomposites.
Spectral signatures of soil horizons and soil orders from Wisconsin
Authors: Weerasekara Malithi , Hartemink Alfred E. , Zhang Yakun , Stevenson Annalisa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe used mid‐infrared (MIR) spectra (4000–600 cm−1) to identify and classify soil orders and soil horizons from 102 pedons across five soil orders (Alfisols, Entisols, Mollisols, Spodosols, and Histosols). The soils were analyzed for texture, total carbon, pH, and elemental properties. Random forest models were used to group the spectra of master horizons (O, A, E, B, and C), B horizons (Bs, Bt, and Bw), and the five soil orders. The prediction accuracies for the master horizons and B horizons were 0.81 and 0.89, respectively. The Kappa coefficient was 0.71 for the prediction of master horizons and 0.73 for the prediction of B horizons. The soil orders had an overall accuracy of 0.73 and a Kappa coefficient of 0.64. Histosols exhibited unique absorption characteristics at 2930 and 2860 cm−1 that differed distinctly from mineral soils. The MIR spectra accurately distinguished the O horizons. The spectral curve of topsoil of Spodosols was comparable to the O horizons. Spodosols under forest had A horizons with high organic matter and were classified accurately. Entisols (Psamments) displayed absorption peaks associated with sand, facilitating their differentiation from the other soil orders. The model struggled to discern subtle differences among some soil orders, and identification is hampered if soils undergo irreversible changes upon drying. However, our results showed that MIR spectra can be used for effectively identifying and classifying soil orders as well as soil horizons.