bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The FOUR LIPS (FLP) and MYB88 genes conditionally suppress the production of nonstomatal epidermal cells in Arabidopsis cotyledons
Authors: Yang Ming 
Published: September 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The Arabidopsis MYB transcriptional factors FOUR LIPS (FLP) and MYB88 are predicted to play a broader role than just limiting the number of guard cells per stoma in the epidermis based on their expression patterns. Analysis of the numbers of all epidermal cells in cotyledons in flp mutants and the flp‐1 myb88 double mutant may substantiate the functions of FLP and MYB88 in nonstomatal epidermal cells.METHODS:The number of all types of abaxial epidermal cells in mature cotyledons were determined under different growth conditions in flp‐1, flp‐3, flp‐8, and tmm‐1 single mutants, flp‐1 tmm‐1 and flp‐1 myb88 double mutants, and accessions Columbia‐0 (Col, control for flp‐1, flp‐3, and flp‐1 myb88) and Landsberg erecta (Ler, control for flp‐8).KEY RESULTS:In soil‐grown plants, the number of pavement cells and meristemoids per cotyledon were not statistically different between the flp mutants and their respective controls and between flp‐1 and flp‐1 myb88, except sometimes for the number of meristemoids or pavement cells between flp‐1 and Col. In contrast, the same comparisons yielded statistically significant differences in medium‐grown plants, i.e., more cells in the flp mutants and flp‐1 myb88, except for meristemoids between flp‐8 and Ler and pavement cells between flp‐1 and flp‐1 myb88. No significant difference was detected for nonstomatal epidermal cells between tmm‐1 and flp‐1/tmm‐1 under the two conditions.CONCLUSIONS:FLP and MYB88 inhibit the production of nonstomatal epidermal cells largely in a growth‐condition‐dependent manner. The tmm‐1 mutation is epistatic to the flp‐1 mutation in the production of nonstomatal epidermal cells in the cotyledon.
CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PARAMETERS FROM X-RAY HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTRA OF THE GALACTIC NOVA V959 MON
Authors: Peretz U. , Orio M. , Behar E , Bianchini A. , Gallagher J. , Rauch T. , Tofflemire B. , Zemko P. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
Two observations of V959 Mon done using the Chandra X-ray gratings during the late outburst phases (2012 September and December) offer extraordinary insight into the physics and chemistry of this Galactic ONe nova. The X-ray flux was 1.7 × 10−11 erg cm−2 s−1 and 8.6 × 10−12 erg cm−2 s−1, respectively, at the two epochs. The first result, coupled with electron density diagnostics and compared with published optical and ultraviolet observations, indicates that most likely in 2012 September, the X-rays originated from a very small fraction of the ejecta, concentrated in very dense clumps. We obtained a fairly good fit to the September spectrum with a model of plasma in collisional ionization equilibrium with two components; one at a temperature of 0.78 keV, associated with flat-topped and asymmetrical emission lines, blueshifted by ≃710–930 km s−1; the other one at a temperature of 4.5 keV, mostly contributing to the high-energy continuum. However, we cannot rule out a range of plasma temperatures between these two extremes; we also modeled the spectrum as a static cooling flow, but the available models and the data quality are not adequate yet to differentiate between the two-component fit and a smoothly varying temperature structure. In December, the central white dwarf (WD) became visible in X-rays. We estimate an effective temperature of ≃680,000 K, consistent with a WD mass

M
⊙. The WD flux is modulated with the orbital period, indicating high inclination, and two quasi-periodic modulations with hour timescales were also observed. No hot plasma component with a temperature above 0.5 keV was observed in December, and the blueshifted component cooled to kT ≃ 0.45 keV. Additionally, new emission lines due to a much cooler plasma appeared, which were not observed two months earlier. We estimate abundances and yields of elements in the nova wind that cannot be measured in the optical spectra and confirm the high Ne abundance previously derived for this nova. We also find high abundance of Al, 230 times the solar value, consistently with the prediction that ONe novae contribute to at least one-third of the Galactic yield of 26Al.
THE STACKED LYα EMISSION PROFILE FROM THE CIRCUM-GALACTIC MEDIUM OF z ∼ 2 QUASARS*
Authors: Arrigoni Battaia Fabrizio , Hennawi Joseph F. , Cantalupo Sebastiano , Prochaska J. Xavier 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
In the context of the FLASHLIGHT survey, we obtained deep narrowband images of 15 z ∼ 2 quasars with the Gemini Multi-object Spectrograph on Gemini South in an effort to measure Lyα emission from circum- and intergalactic gas on scales of hundreds of kpc from the central quasar. We do not detect bright giant Lyα nebulae (SB ∼ 10−17 erg s−1 cm−2 arcsec−2 at distances >50 kpc) around any of our sources, although we routinely (≃47%) detect smaller-scale <50 kpc Lyα emission at this surface brightness level emerging from either the extended narrow emission line regions powered by the quasars or by star formation in their host galaxies. We stack our 15 deep images to study the average extended Lyα surface brightness profile around z ∼ 2 quasars, carefully PSF-subtracting the unresolved emission component and paying close attention to sources of systematic error. Our analysis, which achieves an unprecedented depth, reveals a surface brightness of SBLyα
∼ 10−19 erg s−1 cm−2 arcsec−2 at ∼200 kpc, with a 2.3σ detection of Lyα emission at SB

erg s−1 cm−2 arcsec−2 within an annulus spanning 50 kpc < R < 500 kpc from the quasars. Assuming that this Lyα emission is powered by fluorescence from highly ionized gas illuminated by the bright central quasar, we deduce an average volume density of n
H = 0.6 × 10−2 cm−3 on these large scales. Our results are in broad agreement with the densities suggested by cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of massive (M ≃ 1012.5 M
⊙) quasar hosts; however, they indicate that the typical quasars at these redshifts are surrounded by gas that is a factor of ∼100 times less dense than the (∼1 cm−3) gas responsible for the giant bright Lyα nebulae around quasars recently discovered by our group.
THE THIRD SWIFT BURST ALERT TELESCOPE GAMMA-RAY BURST CATALOG
Authors: Lien Amy , Sakamoto Takanori , Barthelmy Scott D. , Baumgartner Wayne H. , Cannizzo John K. , Chen Kevin , Collins Nicholas R. , Cummings Jay R. , Gehrels Neil , Krimm Hans A. , Markwardt Craig. B. , Palmer David M. , Stamatikos Michael , Troja Eleonora , Ukwatta T. N. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
To date, the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) onboard Swift has detected ∼1000 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), of which ∼360 GRBs have redshift measurements, ranging from z = 0.03 to z = 9.38. We present the analyses of the BAT-detected GRBs for the past ∼11 years up through GRB 151027B. We report summaries of both the temporal and spectral analyses of the GRB characteristics using event data (i.e., data for each photon within approximately 250 s before and 950 s after the BAT trigger time), and discuss the instrumental sensitivity and selection effects of GRB detections. We also explore the GRB properties with redshift when possible. The result summaries and data products are available at http://swift.gsfc.nasa.gov/results/batgrbcat/index.html. In addition, we perform searches for GRB emissions before or after the event data using the BAT survey data. We estimate the false detection rate to be only one false detection in this sample. There are 15 ultra-long GRBs (∼2% of the BAT GRBs) in this search with confirmed emission beyond ∼1000 s of event data, and only two GRBs (GRB 100316D and GRB 101024A) with detections in the survey data prior to the starting of event data.
Intención emprendedora en estudiantes universitarios: Un estudio bibliométrico
Authors: Valencia Arias Alejandro , Montoya Restrepo Iván , Montoya Restrepo Alexandra 
Published: September 2016

Purpose: The aim of the article is to present the results of the bibliometric study in the field of entrepreneurial intention of undergraduate students, allowing a diagnosis of the state of art of this topicDesign/methodology/approach: The applied methodology consisted in analyzing 396 obtained papers form database and search equation, all from the Scopus data base. From this, bibliometric indicator (quantity, quality and structure) was proposed and incorporated the study of the topological structure of the network of authors between 1996 and 2015.Findings: The results shows that the Theory of Planned Behavior is the most widely used model for the study of entrepreneurial intentions among undergraduate students and the factors evaluated are: efficacy, entrepreneurial attitude, motivation and subjective specifications.Originality/value: The bibliographic tracking show that entrepreneurship is a topic with a grown exponentially, without showing saturation in them and that the entry of new authors in the two fields is mainly through existing networks.
Información de responsabilidad social corporativa y teoría institucional
Authors: Gallén Ortiz María , Peraita de Grado Carlos 
Published: September 2016

Purpose: Research on disclosure of sustainability information has focused on the level of firms, and very few works analyze the differences between countries. The objective is to identify the factors that explain the differences in the provision of sustainability information at a macroeconomic level.Design/methodology: The sample includes 9.570 reports drawn up within the framework of the Global Reporting Initiative in 53 countries in the period 2007-2012. Information for each country has been standardized by a million inhabitants every year. Multiple regression models have been used to study the incidence of governance, culture and globalization. Findings: It has been detected that indicators of the World Bank’s governance, the proportion of seats for women in national parliaments and foreign direct investment explain significantly the provision of sustainability information in all analyzed countries. There are differences when the sample is broken down into developed and developing countries.Research limitations/implications: The use of macroeconomic variables that show strong correlations between each other prevents from including all the institutional factors that may affect the organizations’ behavior.Practical implications: Organizations are facing the coercive isomorphism, so their performance in the emission of corporate social responsibility information is explained mainly by the pressure of formal and informal institutions.Originality/value: Evidence of the importance of institutional factors in the emission of sustainable information is presented.
Les chroniques de Jorge Luis Borges dans El Hogar, continuum de l’œuvre littéraire
Authors: Larrue Christophe 
Published: September 2016

La communication se propose principalement de voir en quoi les chroniques de Borges parues dans El Hogar entre 1936 et 1939, en tant que rubrique de « Libros y autores extranjeros », contiennent en germe certains aspects de l’œuvre narrative et des essais en gestation ou à venir, en particulier les nouvelles de Ficciones, dont certaines sont contemporaines de ces chroniques. Nous dégageons certaines caractéristiques de ces chroniques littéraires, inscrites dans les débats et conflits idéologiques de l’époque, et présentons les coïncidences textuelles entre chronique et œuvre et, plus généralement, nous mettons en relation des textes qui dialoguent entre eux à plus ou moins grande distance chronologique.
La figure de l’auteur de chronique dans Nueva grandeza mexicana (1946) de Salvador Novo
Authors: Pouzet Isabelle 
Published: September 2016

En 1946, le poète et journaliste mexicain Salvador Novo gagne le concours du Departamento Central grâce à son ouvrage Nueva grandeza mexicana consacré à la ville de Mexico. En ponctuant son texte d’anecdotes tant historiques que biographiques, Salvador Novo propose au lecteur une promenade enchanteresse dans les rues de la capitale afin de lui en révéler toutes les beautés. Construit en écho aux chroniques sur la ville de Mexico du XVIIe siècle et plus particulièrement à Grandeza Mexicana (1604) de Bernardo de Balbuena, ce texte présente néanmoins une ville en pleine évolution culturelle et architecturale. Dans cet article, nous étudions la figure du chroniqueur, telle que la présente l’auteur, en éclairant les circonstances particulières dans lesquelles cette œuvre a été élaborée.
Niclosamide Prevents Systemic Sclerosis in a Reactive Oxygen Species–Induced Mouse Model
Authors: Morin Florence , Kavian Niloufar , Nicco Carole , Cerles Olivier , Chéreau Christiane , Batteux Frédéric 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disorder characterized by fibrosis of the skin and inner organs, vasculopathy, and immunological abnormalities. Recent insights on the implication of STAT3, AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin in fibrosis have prompted us to investigate, in a mouse model of ROS-induced SSc, the effects of niclosamide, an antihelmintic drug that inhibits both of these signaling pathways. SSc was induced in BALB/c mice by daily s.c. injections of hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Mice were treated or not every other day, 5 d a week, for 6 wk, by niclosamide. Skin and lung fibrosis as well as immunological features were studied. Mice exposed to HOCl developed a diffuse cutaneous SSc with pulmonary fibrosis and anti-DNA topoisomerase 1 autoantibodies. STAT3, AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways were hyperactivated in the skin and the lungs of diseased mice. Niclosamide reversed fibrosis of the skin and the lungs. Beneficial immunological effects were also observed because niclosamide decreased the activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, autoimmune B cell activation, as well as IL-4 and IL-13 production in the skin. The improvement permitted by niclosamide in the mouse model of HOCl-induced SSc as well as the well-documented safety profile of this drug provide a rationale for the evaluation of niclosamide in the management of patients affected by this disease.
Broad Infiltration of Macrophages Leads to a Proinflammatory State in Streptozotocin-Induced Hyperglycemic Mice
Authors: Niu Shuo , Bian Zhen , Tremblay Alexandra , Luo Youqun , Kidder Koby , Mansour Ahmed , Zen Ke , Liu Yuan 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Chronic diseases are often associated with altered inflammatory response, leading to increased host vulnerability to new inflammatory challenges. Employing streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes as a model, we further investigate mechanisms leading to enhanced neutrophil (polymorphonuclear leukocytes [PMN]) responses under hyperglycemia and compare them with those under chronic colitis. We show that, different from colitis under which the PMN response is significantly potentiated, the existence of a proinflammatory state associated with broad increases in macrophages in various organs plays a dominant role in promoting the PMN inflammatory response in diabetic mice. Studies of PMN infiltration during zymosan-induced peritonitis reveal that hyperglycemia enhances PMN recruitment not through inducing a high level of IL-17, which is the case in colitis, but through increasing F4/80+ macrophages in the peritoneal cavity, resulting in elevations of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CXCL1 production. Insulin reversal of hyperglycemia, but not the neutralization of IL-17, reduces peritoneal macrophage numbers and ameliorates PMN infiltration during peritonitis. Significantly increased macrophages are also observed in the liver, kidneys, and intestines under hyperglycemia, and they are attributable to exacerbated nephropathy and colitis when inflammatory conditions are induced by doxorubicin and dextran sulfate sodium, respectively. Furthermore, analyses of monocyte production and macrophage proliferation in tissues suggest that significant monocytosis of inflammatory F4/80+Gr-1+ monocytes from the spleen and macrophage proliferation in situ synergistically contribute to the increased macrophage population under hyperglycemia. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that STZ-induced hyperglycemic mice develop a systemic proinflammatory state mediated by broad infiltration of macrophages.
Context-Specific Function of S6K2 in Th Cell Differentiation
Authors: Pai Christine , Walsh Craig M. , Fruman David A. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is essential for Th cell proliferation and effector differentiation, making the mTOR signaling network an attractive immunomodulatory target for autoimmune-related diseases. Although direct targeting of mTOR complex-1 (mTORC1) with rapamycin can provide clinical benefit, targeting downstream enzymes has the potential to offer more selective immunosuppression. In this study, we evaluated p70 ribosomal protein S6 Kinase 2 (S6K2), a downstream effector of mTORC1, for its role in T cell function and autoimmunity. S6K2 is a direct substrate of mTORC1, with a potential role in Th17 differentiation suggested by biochemical studies. Using a genetic approach with S6K2 knockout mice, we found that S6K2 loss reduces Th17 skewing and increases regulatory T cell differentiation in vitro when cultured in RPMI 1640 media. However, S6K2 was dispensable for Th17 differentiation in IMDM. In an in vivo experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model in which rapamycin suppresses disease, S6K2 knockout mice did not exhibit differences in clinical score or Th17 differentiation. These results suggest that S6K2 is dispensable for Th17-driven autoimmunity and highlight how distinct experimental conditions can produce significantly different results in T cell differentiation.
Progranulin Controls Sepsis via C/EBPα-RegulatedIl10Transcription and Ubiquitin Ligase/Proteasome-Mediated Protein Degradation
Authors: Yan Wenjun , Ding Aihao , Kim Ha-Jeong , Zheng Hua , Wei Fang , Ma Xiaojing 
Published: September 2016

AbstractProgranulin (PGRN) is a widely expressed, pleiotropic protein that is involved in diverse biological processes, including cellular proliferation, neuron development, and wound healing. However, the role of PGRN in the regulation of pathogen-induced systemic inflammation and the mechanisms involved have not been established. In this study, we show that PGRN-deficient mice display heightened mortality in models of polymicrobial sepsis and endotoxinemia, with increased tissue levels of inflammatory cytokines and reduced IL-10 production. Conversely, administration of rPGRN decreases the susceptibility of PGRN-deficient mice to LPS-induced endotoxemic shock and augments IL-10 production by LPS-activated macrophages in a TNFR-dependent manner. Molecular analysis reveals a direct role of the transcription factor C/EBPα in PGRN-regulated IL-10 expression. C/EBPα-deficient macrophages produce less IL-10 in response to LPS. Furthermore, mice deficient in C/EBPα in hematopoietic cells are highly vulnerable to LPS-induced septic shock. Lastly, the defective IL-10 production by PGRN-deficient cells is primarily due to reduced C/EBPα protein stability via the E3 ubiquitin–conjugating enzyme E6AP and proteasome-mediated degradation. To our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence that PGRN is a nonredundant regulator of systemic inflammation via modulating the levels and activity of C/EBPα, IL-10, and the ubiquitin–proteasome proteolysis pathway. The results bear strong and profound implications for PGRN insufficiency and its mutation-associated systemic and organ-specific inflammatory human diseases.
Improving some cognitive functions, specifically executive functions in grade R learners
Authors: Esterhuizen Stef 
Published: September 2016

<p>This study established the effects of a researcher-developed curriculum-based intervention programme. The intervention was grounded on principles of Feuerstein’s ideas about ‘mediated learning’. The aim of the intervention was specifically to address children’s executive functions, which are generally regarded as prerequisites for cognitive development. We studies a selected group of South African grade R learners (n = 20). A quasi-experimental design was employed to collect quantitative data on rotational<br />basis from experimental groups A and B, by means of dynamic assessment with the Children’s Inferential Thinking Modifiability (CITM) test during pretest, post-test and<br />delayed post-test occasions. The test data was intended to elicit the extent to which the intervention that had focused on enhancing executive functions had contributed to the participants’ application of cognitive and metacognitive skills and strategies. Qualitative data captured participants’ application of cognitive processes in the input, elaboration,<br />and output phases of the designed learning process, as well as the characteristics of their inhibitory control functions. A striking finding was the improvement noted in the children’s application of the following executive functions, namely working memory, cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control.</p>
Masekitlana re-membered: A performance-based ethnography of South African black children’s pretend play
Authors: Phetlhu Esther Ofenste 
Published: September 2016

<p><em>The extensive empirical research inspired by Piaget and Vygotsky’s theories of make-believe play has been criticised for restricting data to western, urban, middle-class children. We seek to redress this bias by researching a traditional black South African Pedi children’s game </em>Masekitlana<em>. Our data relies on embodied memories enacted by Mapelo (one of the authors), and interviews of two other informants. The analytical framework draws upon ‘emergent methods’ in ethnography such as performance ethnography, autoethnography and memory elicitation through ‘bodynotes’ within a Vygotskyian orientation to play. The findings show that </em>Masekitlana<em> shares features common to all pretend play, but others unique to it including: i) extended monologue, ii) metacommunicative frames for realistic thinking, and iii) a complex relation between social and solitary play. These findings support Vygotsky. However, ‘the long childhood’ of Masekitlana suggests that the stages theory of Piaget, as well as Vygotskyian ideas that have come down to us via Cole &amp; Scribner and Valsiner, require revision in the light of Bruner’s two modes of cognition, and Veresov’s reinterpretation of the theatre movement, within which Vygotsky’s central ideas are embedded.</em></p>