bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laryngeal Cysts in Adults: Simplifying Classification and Management
Authors: Heyes Richard , Lott David G. 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveLaryngeal cysts may occur at any mucosa‐lined location within the larynx and account for 5% to 10% of nonmalignant laryngeal lesions. A number of proposed classifications for laryngeal cysts exist; however, no previously published classification aims to guide management. This review analyzes contemporary laryngeal cyst management and proposes a framework for the terminology and management of cystic lesions in the larynx.Data SourcesPubMed/Medline.Review MethodsA primary literature search of the entire Medline database was performed for all titles of publications pertaining to laryngeal cysts and reviewed for relevance. Full manuscripts were reviewed per the relevance of their titles and abstracts, and selection into this review was according to their clinical and scientific relevance.ConclusionLaryngeal cysts have been associated with rapid‐onset epiglottitis, dyspnea, stridor, and death; therefore, they should not be considered of little significance. Symptoms are varied and nonspecific. Laryngoscopy is the primary initial diagnostic tool. Cross‐sectional imaging may be required, and future use of endolaryngeal ultrasound and optical coherence tomography may revolutionize practice. Where possible, cysts should be completely excised, and there is growing evidence that a transoral approach is superior to transcervical excision for nearly all cysts. Histology provides definitive diagnosis, and oncocytic cysts require close follow‐up.Implications for PracticeA new classification system is proposed that increases clarity in terminology, with the aim of better preparing surgeons and authors for future advances in the understanding and management of laryngeal cysts.
Test–retest reliability and responsiveness to change of clinical tests of physical fitness in patients with acute coronary syndrome included in the SWEDEHEART register
Authors: Hellmark Marie , Bäck Maria 
Published: December 2017

Background: To maximise the benefits obtainable from exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation, an evaluation of physical fitness using reliable, clinically relevant tests is strongly recommended. Recently, objective tests of physical fitness have been implemented in the SWEDEHEART register. The reliability of these tests has, however, not been examined for patients with acute coronary syndrome. Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the test–retest reliability and responsiveness to change of the symptom-limited bicycle ergometer test, the dynamic unilateral heel-lift test and the unilateral shoulder-flexion test in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Methods: In a longitudinal study design, a total of 40 patients (mean age 63.8 ± 9.5 years, five women), with ACS, aged < 75 years, were included at a university hospital in Sweden. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) with a 95% confidence interval, standard error of measurement (SEM) and responsiveness in terms of the minimal detectable change were calculated. Results: Excellent reliability was found, showing ICC values of 0.98 (0.96–0.99), SEM 4.71 for the bicycle ergometer test, ICC 0.87 (0.75–0.93), SEM 4.62 for the shoulder-flexion test and ICC 0.84 (0.71–0.91), SEM 2.24 for the heel-lift test. The minimal detectable change was 13 W, 13 and 6 repetitions for the bicycle ergometer test, shoulder-flexion and heel-lift tests respectively. Conclusions: The test–retest reliability of clinical tests evaluating physical fitness in patients with acute coronary syndrome included in the SWEDEHEART register was excellent. This makes the future comparison and evaluation of treatment effects in large unselected clinical populations of acute coronary syndrome possible.
Knockdown of angiopoietin-like 2 mimics the benefits of intermittent fasting on insulin responsiveness and weight loss
Authors: Martel Cécile , Pinçon Anthony , Bélanger Alexandre Maxime , Luo Xiaoyan , Gillis Marc-Antoine , de Montgolfier Olivia , Thorin-Trescases Nathalie , Thorin Éric 
Published: December 2017

Angiopoietin-like 2 (ANGPTL2) is an inflammatory adipokine linking obesity to insulin resistance. Intermittent fasting, on the other hand, is a lifestyle intervention able to prevent obesity and diabetes but difficult to implement and maintain. Our objectives were to characterize a link between ANGPTL2 and intermittent fasting and to investigate whether the knockdown of ANGPTL2 reproduces the benefits of intermittent fasting on weight gain and insulin responsiveness in knockdown and wild-type littermates mice. Intermittent fasting, access to food ad libitum once every other day, was initiated at the age of three months and maintained for four months. Intermittent fasting decreased by 63% (p < 0.05) gene expression of angptl2 in adipose tissue of wild-type mice. As expected, intermittent fasting improved insulin sensitivity (p < 0.05) and limited weight gain (p < 0.05) in wild-type mice. Knockdown mice fed ad libitum, however, were comparable to wild-type mice following the intermittent fasting regimen: insulin sensitivity and weight gain were identical, while intermittent fasting had no additional impact on these parameters in knockdown mice. Energy intake was similar between both wild-type fed intermittent fasting and ANGPTL2 knockdown mice fed ad libitum, suggesting that intermittent fasting and knockdown of ANGPTL2 equally lower feeding efficiency. These results suggest that the reduction of ANGPTL2 could be a useful and promising strategy to prevent obesity and insulin resistance, although further investigation of the mechanisms linking ANGPTL2 and intermittent fasting is warranted. Impact statement Intermittent fasting is an efficient diet pattern to prevent weight gain and improve insulin sensitivity. It is, however, a difficult regimen to follow and compliance is expected to be very low. In this work, we demonstrate that knockdown of ANGPTL2 in mice fed ad libitum mimics the beneficial effects of intermittent fasting on weight gain and insulin sensitivity in wild-type mice. ANGPTL2 is a cytokine positively associated with fat mass in humans, which inactivation in mice improves resistance to a high-fat metabolic challenge. This study provides a novel pathway by which IF acts to limit obesity despite equivalent energy intake. The development of a pharmacological ANGPTL2 antagonist could provide an efficient tool to reduce the burden of obesity.
Network meta-analysis: drawing conclusions regarding trials of psychosocial interventions for bipolar disorder
Authors: Miklowitz David J. , Cipriani Andrea , Goodwin Guy M. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryNetwork meta-analysis (NMA) is a statistical technique for making direct and indirect comparisons between different treatment and control groups. Despite its many advantages, NMA may be misleading when evaluating networks that are disconnected, inconsistent or of low reliability and validity. We review how well the analysis of trials of adjunctive psychosocial treatment in bipolar disorder is served by NMA. We conclude with recommendations for future treatment trials in bipolar disorder and guidelines for NMAs.
Sonic Hedgehog and WNT Signaling Promote Adrenal Gland Regeneration in Male Mice
Authors: Finco Isabella , Lerario Antonio M , Hammer Gary D 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe atrophy and hypofunction of the adrenal cortex following long-term pharmacologic glucocorticoid therapy is a major health problem necessitating chronic glucocorticoid replacement that often prolongs the ultimate return of endogenous adrenocortical function. Underlying this functional recovery is anatomic regeneration, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of which are poorly understood. Investigating the lineage contribution of cortical Sonic hedgehog (Shh)+ progenitor cells and the SHH–responsive capsular Gli1+ cells to the regenerating adrenal cortex, we observed a spatially and temporally bimodal contribution of both cell types to adrenocortical regeneration following cessation of glucocorticoid treatment. First, an early repopulation of the cortex is defined by a marked delamination and expansion of capsular Gli1+ cells, recapitulating the establishment of the capsular-cortical homeostatic niche during embryonic development. This rapid repopulation is promptly cleared from the cortical compartment only to be supplanted by repopulating cortical cells derived from the resident long-term-retained zona glomerulosa Shh+ progenitors. Pharmacologic and genetic dissection of SHH signaling further defines an SHH-dependent activation of WNT signaling that supports regeneration of the cortex following long-term glucocorticoid therapy. We define the signaling and lineage relationships that underlie the regeneration process.
Osteonecrosis of the Jaw and Rebound Hypercalcemia in Young People Treated With Denosumab for Giant Cell Tumor of Bone
Authors: Uday Suma , Gaston Czar Louie , Rogers Luke , Parry Michael , Joffe Johnathan , Pearson John , Sutton David , Grimer Robert , Högler Wolfgang 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Context
Denosumab, an inhibitor of receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand, is an approved treatment of giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) in adults and “skeletally mature” adolescents. Safety concerns include oversuppression of bone remodelling, with risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) and atypical femur fractures during treatment in adults and rebound hypercalcemia after treatment cessation in children. To date, ONJ has never been reported in children or adolescents.

Objectives
To describe serious adverse effects during and following high-dose denosumab therapy in GCTB patients.

Patients
Two adolescents (14 and 15 years) and a young adult (40 years) received fixed-dose denosumab for GCTB for 1.3 to 4 years (cumulative dose, 47 to 98 mg/kg), which was stopped because of development of ONJ in one adolescent and bilateral femoral cortical stress reactions in the young adult. All three patients developed rebound hypercalcemia with acute kidney injury 5.5 to 7 months after denosumab cessation.

Results
The ONJ necessitated surgical debridement. Rebound hypercalcemia (serum calcium, 3.1 to 4.3 mmol/L) was unresponsive to hyperhydration alone, requiring repeated doses of calcitonin or intravenous bisphosphonate treatment. Hypercalcemia recurred in two patients within 4 weeks, with normal serum calcium profiles thereafter. All patients were naive to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, bisphosphonates, and corticosteroids and were metastases free, confirming the causative role of denosumab in these complications.

Conclusion
These suppression-release effects of high-dose denosumab on bone remodeling raise questions about safety of fixed dosing and treatment duration. In young people, weight-adjusted dosing and safety monitoring during and after antiresorptive therapy is required.
Highly Atom Economical Molecular Transformation via Hetero-Nickelacycle
Authors: Ogoshi Sensuke 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Nickel is one of the most popular first row transition metals for coupling reactions. For the past two decades, catalytic multi-component coupling reactions via nickelacycles have been developed. Although the formation of nickelacycles has been believed an important key step in the catalytic reactions, the generation of nickelacycles by oxidative cyclization has been less studied. Thus, we have been focusing on the formation of nickelacycles from nickel(0) species and development of catalytic reactions without using coupling reagents to construct highly atom economical nickel-catalyzed multi-component connecting reactions.
Process of pedagogical communication formation of a future teacher as a process of his professional and personal development
Authors: Демина Виктория , Demina Viktoriya 
Published: December 2017

In this article the author gives grounds to the necessity to refuse from the traditional understanding of a subject teacher having extensive and fundamental knowledge in his field and justifies the necessity to foster an aware teacher able to self-building and self-developing, to seek new meanings of his profession and able to build his model of activity and communication.
In this turn the author gives a new definition of pedagogical communication as the process of professional and personal development through the mechanisms of creative interaction. In this article the author defines the es- sence and specific features of the process of the formation of pedagogical communication of a future teacher as a pedagogical, task-oriented, invariant, integrated, inside and outside determined, independent with its temporal and spatial dimensions. The author elaborates the pedagogical concept of the process including a range of criteria, factors, conditions, backgrounds and descriptors of the process under study.
On the basis of the analyzed literature the author deduces logical relations and principles, draws certain conclusions and presents working knowledge of the research. The analysis of the methodological literature lets the author reveal the meaning of such terms as creative interaction, freedom of choice, proactive stance, dialogue-oriented communication, reflection, openness, which promote sponsorship for building the model of pedagogical communication of your own, for displaying internal mechanisms of self-development, building the program of development of your own. There search is done at the faculty of foreign languages of Kamchatka state pedagogical institute.
The target audience is PhD candidates, researchers, lecturers at higher institutions, secondary school teachers and students of linguistic and non-linguistic faculties.
Self-Advocacy Services for People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: A National Analysis
Authors: Friedman Carli 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Self-advocacy plays an important role in facilitating the empowerment of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), and helps people with IDD develop the skills necessary for the participant direction of services. The purpose of this study was to examine Medicaid Home and Community Based Services (HCBS) 1915(c) waivers across the nation to determine how states were utilizing self-advocacy services for people with IDD. Findings revealed approximately half of waivers provided self-advocacy services; however, less than .01% of waiver spending was projected for stand-alone self-advocacy services. States need to expand the provision of self-advocacy services for people with IDD in order to strengthen their ability to direct their waiver services and exercise their rights.
Una jarra “rodia” en la necrópolis de El Molar (San Fulgencio, Alicante)
Authors: Graells Raimon , Bottini Angelo 
Published: December 2017

Se presenta una asa de bronce fragmentada procedente de la necrópolis de El Molar. La identificación tipológica como un tipo particular de asa de jarra de tipo ‘rodio’ permite una serie de reflexiones sobre su forma, su origen en el Mediterráneo oriental y su cronología en la primera mitad del s. VI a.C.
O planejamento como instrumento de gestão eficaz e eficiente: Uma análise do sistema educacional no município de Iguatu
Authors: Amorim Célia Maria Freitas Guedes 
Published: December 2017

O financiamento da educação é algo complexo. Uma espécie de sistema, cujas funções internas são desconhecidas e cujo funcionamento é compreendido mediante uma avaliação das relações entre valores de entrada (input) e de saída (output). Parece haver por parte dos educadores, um certo desconhecimento sobre os processos que envolvem os recursos direcionados à educação e suas formas de gestão.
O Cirurgião-Dentista e o Mercado de Trabalho no Brasil: Uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura
Authors: Costa Danilo Sales , Rocha Marcelo Pereira da 
Published: December 2017

Introdução: O mercado de trabalho para o Cirurgião-Dentista (CD), no Brasil, vem passando por diversas mudanças, tendo em vista questões importantes de ordem econômica e do modelo de atenção em saúde bucal. Objetivo: realizar revisão da literatura acerca do mercado de trabalho para os CD. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo de revisão sistemática da literatura, sobre o mercado de trabalho em odontologia, no Brasil, por meio de acesso às bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, e Portal Capes. Resultados: O Brasil possui elevado número de profissionais, acima do preconizado pela Organização Mundial de Saúde. Predomina o gênero feminino e vem crescendo o número de especialistas. O serviço público carece de melhores condições de trabalho. Conclusão: O dentista precisa se capacitar para atender as necessidades do mercado, pois há grande concorrência na profissão. O Ministério da Saúde precisa atuar na regulação da formação dos profissionais, para atender as necessidades de saúde da população.
Fatores Associados a Quedas em Idosos de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde
Authors: Lemos Gabriela Fernandes , Ferreira Juliana Barros , Santos Kleyton Trindade , Reis Luciana Araújo dos , Morais Karla Cavalcante Silva de 
Published: December 2017

Quedas definem-se como contato em superfície de apoio resultante mudança em nível inferior à sua posição inicial. O estudo teve por objetivo geral: identificar os fatores de risco associados a quedas em idosos de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde. Utilizou-se metodologia analítica, exploratória e quantitativa com 50 idosos que obtiveram estado cognitivo preservado que apresentaram risco de quedas. Foi aplicado questionários sociodemográficos: Mini Exame do Estado Mental, Índice de Barthel, Índice de Lawton, Avaliação Antropométrica, Time up and Go, Escalas de Depressão e Risco de Quedas. Destacou-se o fator quedas nessa população de idosos no valor (p-valor) de < (0,001), onde as causas mais relevantes foram: as associadas a quedas anteriores p-valor (0,004), uso de medicações p-valor de (0,013) e déficit sensório com p-valor de (0,016). Estes resultados contribuem estrategicamente para educação em saúde com foco em atividades preventivas, educacionais e reabilitação a minimizar surgimento de quedas.
Aspectos da Agressividade Infantil: Origem e Desenvolvimento
Authors: Chinelate Maria Das Graças Castello Branco , Rodrigues Judith Filgueiras 
Published: December 2017

O desenvolvimento desse estudo apresentará os esboços de Ariès (2006) a fim de confirmar se a infância ou o sentimento de infância é considerado historicamente um fenômeno. E, este por sua vez é identificado a gênese e o desenvolvimento desse sentimento. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa sobre a agressividade infantil. Percebeu-se ser a agressividade um comportamento que preocupa as pessoas que convivem com as crianças que apresentam tal comportamento. Concluiu-se também que os pais, de maneira consciente ou inconsciente, acabam contribuindo para que essa agressividade se desenvolva. É necessário que um adulto procure o apoio de um profissional psicopedagogo, que ajude com relação a questões relacionadas aos limites.
Análise do Teor de Captopril em Farmácia de Manipulação no Município de Brumado
Authors: Pereira Natan Fernandes , Oliveira Matheus Da Rocha Couqueiro Monteiro 
Published: December 2017

Com a expansão do setor magistral, houve um crescimento do investimento por parte dos seus proprietários, buscando um produto final de melhor qualidade. Neste trabalho será avaliado o teor de Captopril de farmácia magistral no município de Brumado, na Bahia. A escolha do Captopril, medicamento anti-hipertensivo, se deu por este ser o primeiro e mais conhecido inibidor da enzima conversora da Angiotensina (IECA). O presente estudo constitui-se em uma pesquisa experimental baseada na espectrofotometria de absorção molecular ultravioleta para determinação do teor de princípio ativo de captopril 25 mg em formulações magistrais. Os resultados obtidos na pesquisa demonstra que as amostras analisadas encontram-se com o teor médio dentro do intervalo determinado de 90% a 110%, sendo assim aptas para o consumo.
Impactos da Utilização das Tecnologias no Processo de Aprendizagem das crianças
Authors: Pereira Flávia Maria 
Published: December 2017

No mundo globalizado, a atual sociedade vive inserida em um emaranhado de informações onde as notícias se propagam em frações de segundos, devido à velocidade pela qual as mensagens, textos e hipertextos são divulgados na Internet. Encontra-se descrito neste trabalho o processo das tecnologias educacional como vem acontecendo esse novo jeito de ensinar, a parceria que vem sendo feita entre alunos e professores, a tecnologia na educação e na vida das crianças, abordamos os pontos positivos e negativos, o mesmo aponta desgaste com o uso excessivo de jogos e seus objetivos encontra-se aqui também a desnecessidade das redes sociais na vida das criança e suas influências negativas, ao se exporem, buscamos assim conscientizar sobre o uso deste meio, não banalizá-las mas encontra formas, de ser uma ferramenta benéfica.
Atuação de Profissionais do Suporte Básico de Vida do SAMU 192 na Parada Cardiorespiratória: Uma Revisão Bibliográfica
Authors: Silva Islla Alves Almeida da , Pinheiro Lívia Mara Gomes 
Published: December 2017

Objetivo: Realizar um levantamento bibliográfico à respeito do atendimento prestado pela equipe de Suporte Básico de Vida (SAV) na Parada Cardiorrespiratória conforme o protocolo estabelecido pelo Ministério da Saúde Verificar a conduta da equipe perante as ocorrências de PCR nos artigos encontrados; identificar os aspectos positivos e negativos nos atendimentos de Suporte Básico de Vida descritos nos artigos pesquisados;Resultados: A pesquisa foi realizada a cerca do tema em meios virtuais como o Scielo, Lilacs e google acadêmico, foram encontrados 8 artigos publicados entre os anos de 2009 e 2017 com assuntos similares ao do tema abordado. Após a leitura do mesmo foi possível identificar visões bem semelhantes respeito da importância da atualização e capacitação das equipes de profissionais que trabalham no serviço móvel de urgência na parada cardiorrespiratória além de outros pontos importantes. Conclusão: Após a analise dos estudos foi possível perceber que a formação de profissionais que atuam no serviço de urgência e emergência carece de preparação específica teórica e prática.