bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of integrated low-carbon technologies
Authors: Fan Chunzeng , Wei Taoyuan 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
Constructing a low-carbon agriculture (LCA) park is considered an effective means to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in developing countries. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of integrated low-carbon agricultural technologies based on evidence from a pilot LCA experiment in Shanghai, China, from 2008 to 2011.

Design/methodology/approach
Integrated low-carbon technologies in an agricultural park were adopted to reduce GHG emissions. Reduced emissions and net economic benefits were calculated by comparing emissions before and after the implementation of the experiment.

Findings
Results show that the low-carbon agricultural park experiment markedly reduced GHG emissions. This outcome can be attributed to the integrated technologies adopted in the experiment, including the reuse and recycle of resources, control of environmental pollution and GHG emissions and improvement of economic efficiency and social benefit. All the technologies adopted are already available and mature, thus indicating the great potential of LCA to reduce GHG emissions despite the lack of advanced technologies. However, supporting policies may be necessary to motivate private interests in LCA because of the considerable starting investments.

Originality/value
Previous macro-level and policy studies on LCA are based on knowledge from experimental studies, which typically specify environmental conditions to explore solely the effects of one low-carbon technology. Practically, integrating several low-carbon technologies in one experiment may be more effective, particularly for extensive agriculture, in developing countries. The effectiveness of integrated technologies is insufficiently discussed in the literature. Therefore, this study explores how effective integrated feasible LCA technologies can be in terms of both emission reduction and economic benefits based on the data obtained from an experiment in Shanghai, China.
Integrated working and intergenerational projects
Authors: Clark Michael , Murphy Charlie , Jameson-Allen Tony , Wilkins Chris 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to promote discussion about, and the development of the evidence-base underpinning integrated working for intergenerational working. It discusses perspectives on intergenerational work in general and specifically draws on case experiences of the use of intergenerational reminiscence based on sporting memories to highlight issues pertaining to integrated working.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper presents a general discussion of issues of intergenerational projects and integrated working, with case discussions of the use of sporting memories as an intervention for focusing intergenerational contact.

Findings
It is concluded that intergenerational work has much to offer but that it is far from clear how best to organise integrated working for this type of work. There are interesting lessons to be drawn for intergenerational interventions and integrated working from the case study discussions.

Research limitations/implications
Although case studies can provide crucial in-depth knowledge they can be limited in developing evidence we can be sure is more generalisable across contexts. Hence, further research is required into the impact of intergenerational projects, and how best to maximise this through effective integrated working.

Practical implications
The discussion and case study materials suggest there is much potential in using intergenerational projects to achieve a range of possible outcomes but it is not clear how integrated working is best operationalised in such work. Care is required about clarity concerning the aims of specific projects, but practitioners and others should be encouraged to carefully explore this area of work.

Social implications
The challenges of an ageing society are significant, as is the need to maintain intergenerational contact, mutuality and the implicit social contract across generations. Specifically developing opportunities for such contact may help achieve this and a range of other positive outcomes.

Originality/value
This paper brings together a discussion of intergenerational projects with consideration of the challenges of integrated working, and adds specific case study lessons from the use of sports-based reminiscence.
The integrated resource-based and transaction cost approach to the growth process of firms
Authors: Gancarczyk Marta 
Published: December 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the process of entrepreneurial growth from the perspective of the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm and transaction cost theory (TCT) and to formulate propositions regarding the entrepreneurs’ decisional rules and structural elements in this process.Design/methodology/approachThe argumentation draws upon three fields of academic research, namely, entrepreneurship studies on firm growth as well as strategic management and organization science studies on company scope and size (boundary). A systematic review of the literature was performed that combines the RBV and TCT to explain a firm’s boundary.FindingsThree levels of entrepreneurial decisional rules in the process of growth were identified. The first level includes main decisional criteria. The second level approaches the structural elements of growth process, namely, its motives, rationale, mechanism and modes. The third level assumes evolutionary approach to decision making, namely, feedback relationships among transaction costs, governance and capabilities to create value from growth.Originality/valueThe paper broadens the early stream of research in the process of entrepreneurial growth. It contributes to explaining the way growth is realized, instead of identifying its predictors, which has dominated in to-date studies. The entrepreneurs’ decisional rules and choices in the process of expansion were suggested. Moreover, the integrated RBV-TCT approach was proposed as a theoretical background for studying this phenomenon.
Synthesis of some new symmetrical diselenide dyestuffs for dyeing polyester fabrics
Authors: Gaffer H.E. , Shaaban S. , Abed N.A. , Abdel-latif E. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
This paper aimed to synthesise some new selenium-containing pyrazole, thiazole and thiophene dyestuffs and investigate their application in dyeing polyester fabrics.

Design/methodology/approach
4,4′-Diselanediyl-bis-(2-methoxyaniline) was diazotized by acetic acid/sodium nitrite and coupled with active methylene components such as malononitrile, ethyl cyanoacetate and ethyl acetoacetate, and their corresponding hydrazono products were cyclised with hydrazine or phenyl hydrazine to obtain a series of arylazo-pyrazole dyestuffs. Furthermore, diazo-coupling reactions of the diazotized 4,4′-diselanediyl-bis-(2-methoxyaniline) were developed to obtain a new series of 2-amino-5-arylazo-thiazole- and 4-aryazo-3-hydroxy-2-substituted thiophene dyestuffs.

Findings
The structure of the synthesised dyestuffs was established and confirmed based on their elemental analysis and spectral data (infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopies). The synthesised selenium-containing dyestuffs were applied as disperse dyes on polyester fabrics by high temperature-pressure technique. The dyeing characteristics of these dyestuffs were evaluated, and they were found to exhibit good fastness properties.

Originality/value
A series of symmetrical diselenide dyestuffs containing pyrazole, thiazole or thiophene coupler components were synthesised. The authors studied their application for dyeing polyester fabrics; they are superior in terms of preparation, yield, purity and fastness properties.
ISO 37500 – Comparing outsourcing life-cycle models
Authors: Babin Ron , Quayle Adrian 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to illustrate the value of the outsourcing life cycle, as described in several industry models, including ISO 37500.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors present a comparison of outsourcing life cycles to provide an overview of current practices in the global outsourcing industry.

Findings
Several outsourcing life cycles have been defined by industry associations such as the International Association of Outsourcing Professionals (IAOP) and the National Outsourcing Association (NOA). Academic research has created several outsourcing life cycles, notably the model from the London School of Economics (Cullen and Willcocks, 2005). Finally, commercial models have been defined, for example the Vendor and Sourcing Management model from IDC (2014).

Research limitations/implications
Researchers will find the overview of different life cycles useful in assessing maturity of outsourcing organizations.

Practical implications
Practitioners will find the detailed description of ISO 37500 and the comparative life cycles to be illustrative of different approaches to managing outsourcing transactions. Both buyers and providers will be able to compare their own life cycle to industry standards.

Originality/value
Little or no research has been conducted on how outsourcing life cycles contribute to effective outsourcing. This paper provides a foundation for such research.
Tricyclic Antidepressants Found in Pilots Fatally Injured in Civil Aviation Accidents
Authors: Dulkadir Zeki , Chaturvedi Arvind K. , Craft Kristi J. , Hickerson Jeffery S. , Cliburn Kacey D. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPrevalence of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) has not been explored in pilots. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) aviation accident and the Federal Aviation Administration's Civil Aerospace Medical Institute (CAMI) toxicology and medical certification databases were searched for pilots fatally injured in aviation accidents. During 1990–2012, CAMI received bio‐samples of pilots from 7037 aviation accidents. Of these, 2644 cases were positive for drugs. TCAs were present in 31. TCA blood concentrations ranged from therapeutic to toxic levels. The NTSB determined that the use of drugs and ethanol as the probable cause or contributing factor in 35% (11 of 31) of the accidents. None of the 31 pilots reported the use of TCAs during their aviation medical examination. The prevalence of TCAs in aviators was less than 0.5% (31 of 7037 cases). There is a need for aviators to fully disclose the use of medications at the time of their medical examination.
An Optimized Centrifugal Method for Separation of Semen from Superabsorbent Polymers for Forensic Analysis
Authors: Camarena Lucy R. , Glasscock Bailey K. , Daniels Demi , Ackley Nicolle , Sciarretta Marybeth , Seashols‐Williams Sarah J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractConnection of a perpetrator to a sexual assault is best performed through the confirmed presence of semen, thereby proving sexual contact. Evidentiary items can include sanitary napkins or diapers containing superabsorbent polymers (SAPs), complicating spermatozoa visualization and DNA analysis. In this report, we evaluated the impact of SAPS on the current forensic DNA workflow, developing an efficient centrifugal protocol for separating spermatozoa from SAP material. The optimized filtration method was compared to common practices of excising the top layer only, resulting in significantly higher sperm yields when a core sample of the substrate was taken. Direct isolation of the SAP‐containing materials without filtering resulted in 20% sample failure; additionally, SAP material was observed in the final eluted DNA samples, causing physical interference. Thus, use of the described centrifugal‐filtering method is a simple preliminary step that improves spermatozoa visualization and enables more consistent DNA yields, while also avoiding SAP interference.
The importance of the savings device in precautionary savings: Empirical evidence from rural Bangladesh
Authors: Michler Jeffrey D. , Balagtas Joseph V. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe test if precautionary behavior in the consumption decisions of rural households differs across the forms of savings. Using monthly panel data from Bangladesh, we find that, on average, the savings device does not matter but that the effect of income on savings indeed depends on the savings device. Precautionary savings in the form of staple grain are relatively constant across income quartiles, while nongrain precautionary savings vary across income quartiles. Previous studies, which treat these two types of savings devices as fungible, misdiagnose the reasons for, and by extension the market failures behind, a large percentage of the precautionary savings held by rural households.
Asset‐based poverty transition and persistence in rural China
Authors: You Jing 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis article tests empirically for transition and persistence of poverty in rural China based on the theory of asset‐based poverty traps. It proposes an analytical framework mitigating the problem of endogenous switching between accumulation regimes and disentangling the true state‐dependence of poverty. Specifically, a dynamic asset threshold separating households into downward and upward mobility regimes is identified after taking households’ unobserved characteristics and observed regime‐differentiated accumulation strategies into account. The static analysis identifies causality running from settling into a downward mobility regime to the probability of poverty measured by consumption. Furthermore, allowing for endogenous initial poverty status, the dynamic analysis finds strong true state‐dependence in poverty. Households with the same characteristics are nearly twice as likely to be poor as if they had not previously switched to the accumulation regime. Assets below the dynamic threshold serve as a conduit through which poverty propagates itself. Factors that help to break this vicious circle are identified.
Integrating eye trackers with handwriting tablets to discover difficulties of solving geometry problems
Authors: Lin John J. H. , Lin Sunny S. J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractTo deepen our understanding of those aspects of problems that cause the most difficulty for solvers, this study integrated eye‐tracking with handwriting devices to investigate problem solvers' online processes while solving geometry problems. We are interested in whether the difference between successful and unsuccessful solvers can be identified by employing eye‐tracking and handwriting. Sixty‐two high school students were required to complete a series of geometry problems using pen tablets. Responses, including eye movement measures, wrote/drew trace, perceived cognitive load and questionnaires concerning the source of difficulties, were collected. The results suggested that the technique could enhance methods to diagnose difficulties by differentiating between successful and unsuccessful solvers. We considered mental rotation could be a primary obstacle in the integrating stage of diagram comprehension. The technique can be extensively applied in various instructional scenarios. Educational implications for problem solving are discussed.
An inquiry into the efficiency of WhatsApp for self‐ and peer‐assessments of oral language proficiency
Authors: Samaie Mahmoud , Mansouri Nejad Ali , Qaracholloo Mahmoud 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSocial networking applications such as WhatsApp have been extensively used for language research; however, they have rarely been applied for language assessment purposes. To explore the efficiency of WhatsApp for assessment purposes, 30 Iranian English learners doing self‐ and peer‐assessments on WhatsApp are studied. The changes and the reasons for the changes in their attitudes towards the two assessment types are also investigated. In a multi‐phase study, the participants were trained on the new concepts of mobile‐assisted self‐ and peer‐assessments. They were also involved in the concurrent tasks of self‐ and peer‐assessments as well as think‐aloud protocols and filled out four attitude questionnaires before and after their involvement in the two assessment types. Finally, they were interviewed for the reasons of change(s) in their attitudes. The t‐test and think‐aloud results show that though the participants assigned different grades to themselves and their peers, this is not a procedural difference. The questionnaire results show that the participants generally adopted negative attitudes towards mobile‐assisted assessments after being involved in them. They also gave various reasons for the change(s) in their attitudes. The results can substantially contribute to the ongoing debates on the use of alternative assessments through mobile device applications.
Engaging students in school participatory practice through Facebook: The story of a failure
Authors: Manca Stefania , Grion Valentina 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn recent years, there has been increasing emphasis on the benefits of social media and social network sites to foster young people's participation in digital public spaces and their civic engagement. Using the principles of the Student Voice approach, this study investigated the use of a Facebook group to support secondary school students’ voices and viewpoints on school quality and policy (N = 98). The results showed that students were reluctant to be active in the group for several reasons, such as mistrust of school policies and resistance to combining Facebook use with school‐related issues. The low participation provided clues to reflect on the design of Student Voice projects to support civic engagement at school and to evaluate the use of digital sites to support Student Voice. Some considerations on the reasons for project failure and how to successfully reach student participation in a technology‐enhanced environment at school that addresses power relations, authenticity and inclusion are provided.
Young children's everyday concepts of the internet: A platform for cyber‐safety education in the early years
Authors: Edwards Susan , Nolan Andrea , Henderson Michael , Mantilla Ana , Plowman Lydia , Skouteris Helen 
Published: December 2016

AbstractYoung children from around the world are accessing the internet in ever increasing numbers. The rapid increase in internet activity by children aged 4–5 years in particular is due to the ease access enabled them by touchscreen internet‐enabled tablet technologies. With young children now online, often independently of adult supervision, the need for early childhood cyber‐safety education is becoming urgent. In this paper, we report the early findings from a project aimed at examining the development of cyber‐safety education for young children. We argue that cyber‐safety education for young children cannot be effectively developed without first considering young children's thinking about the internet. In this paper, we use Vygotsky's ideas about the development of mature concepts from the merging of everyday and scientific concepts. We identify the potential range of everyday concepts likely to form the basis of young children's thinking about the internet as a platform for cyber‐safety education in the early years.
Dissociative Identity Disorder, Ambivalence, and Responsibility
Authors: Maiese Michelle 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIf someone with dissociative identity disorder (DID) commits a wrongful act, is she responsible? If one adopts the Multiple Persons Thesis, it may seem that one alter cannot be responsible for the actions of another alter. Conversely, if one regards the subject as a single person, it may seem that she is responsible for any actions she performs. I will argue that this subject is a single person, but one who suffers from delusions of disownership and therefore does not fulfill ordinary requirements for responsible agency. This is because she suffers from extreme ambivalence: her deep‐seated needs and desires conflict, and she forms alter‐personalities as a way to cope with inner discord without abandoning any of these contradictory impulses. However, although the ability to exercise autonomous agency is eroded in such cases, the capacity for autonomous agency is preserved. The subject with DID is weakly responsible for her wrongful acts.
Local strain accumulation in fatigue crack propagation process of Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy
Authors: Ye S. , Gong J. ‐G. , Tu S. ‐T. , Zhang X. ‐C. , Zhang C. ‐C. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractFatigue crack growth behaviours of the titanium alloy Ti‐6Al‐4V, with two different microstructures, at different maximum stresses were identified by digital image correlation technique. Full‐field strains were monitored around fatigue cracks after consecutive cycles in fatigue crack growth experiments. Results indicated that the Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy with a bi‐modal microstructure had a better fatigue resistance than that with a primary‐α microstructure. Typical behaviours of small cracks and the evolution of multi‐scale fatigue cracks were clarified. The strain accumulations around the micro‐notch and fatigue crack increased with increasing number of load cycles. On the basis of von Mises strain mapping, it was found that crack growth rate could be characterized by crack‐tip plastic zone size.
The Relationship Between Intelligence Quotient and Aspects of Everyday Functioning and Participation for People Who Have Mild and Borderline Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Arvidsson Patrik , Granlund Mats 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundThis study explored the relationship between intelligence quotient (IQ) and aspects of everyday functioning/participation in individuals (age 16–40) who have a mild/borderline intellectual disability (IQ 55–85).MethodCorrelations were examined between IQ and (i) self‐rated (n = 72) ability, participation as performance (how often an activity is performed), important participation restriction (not/seldom performing an activity perceived as important) and general well‐being and (ii) proxy‐rated (n = 41) ability and participation as performance.ResultsNo significant correlations between IQ and any of the explored measures were found. However, the effect sizes of the correlations between IQ and ability were considered as small but not negligible.ConclusionsThe results support the notion that IQ is a poor predictor of general aspects of everyday functioning in persons with mild/borderline intellectual disability. The result indicates that self‐ratings partly generate other information than proxy ratings which may be important for assessments of supportive requirements and diagnosis.