bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sulfur isotope patterns of iron sulfide and barite nodules in the Upper Cretaceous Chalk of England and their regional significance in the origin of coloured chalks
Authors: Jeans Christopher V. , Turchyn Alexandra V. , Hu Xu-Fang 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe relationship between the development of iron sulfide and barite nodules in the Cenomanian Chalk of England and the presence of a red hematitic pigment has been investigated using sulfur isotopes. In southern England where red and pink chalks are absent, iron sulfide nodules are widespread. Two typical large iron sulfide nodules exhibit δ34S ranging from −48.6‰ at their core to −32.6‰ at their outer margins. In eastern England, where red and pink chalks occur in three main bands, there is an antipathetic relationship between the coloured chalks and the occurrence of iron sulfide or barite nodules. Here iron sulfide, or its oxidised remnants, are restricted to two situations: (1) in association with hard grounds that developed originally in chalks that contained the hematite pigment or its postulated precursor FeOH3, or (2) in regional sulfidization zones that cut across the stratigraphy. In the Cenomanian Chalk exposed in the cliffs at Speeton, Yorkshire, pyrite and marcasite (both iron sulfide) nodules range in δ34S from −34.7‰ to +40.0‰. In the lower part of the section δ34S vary from −34.8‰ to +7.8‰, a single barite nodule has δ34S between +26.9‰ and +29.9‰. In the middle part of the section δ34S ranges from +23.8‰ to +40.0‰. In the sulfidization zones that cut across the Cenomanian Chalk of Lincolnshire the iron sulfide nodules are typically heavily weathered but these may contain patches of unoxidised pyrite. In these zones, δ34S ranges from −32.9‰ to +7.9‰. The cross-cutting zones of sulfidization in eastern England are linked to three basement faults – the Flamborough Head Fault Zone, the Caistor Fault and the postulated Wash Line of Jeans (1980) – that have affected the deposition of the Chalk. It is argued that these faults have been both the conduits by which allochthonous fluids – rich in hydrogen sulfide/sulfate, hydrocarbons and possibly charged with sulfate-reducing bacteria – have penetrated the Cenomanian Chalk as the result of movement during the Late Cretaceous or Cenozoic. These invasive fluids are associated with (1) the reduction of the red hematite pigment or its praecursor, (2) the subsequent development of both iron sulfides and barite, and (3) the loss of overpressure in the Cenomanian Chalk and its late diagenetic hardening by anoxic cementation. Evidence is reviewed for the origin of the red hematite pigment of the coloured chalks and for the iron involved in the development of iron sulfides, a hydrothermal or volcanogenic origin is favoured.
The Behaviour of Weak Solutions of Boundary Value Problems for Linear Elliptic Second Order Equations in Unbounded Cone-Like Domains
Authors: Wiśniewski Damian 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
We investigate the behaviour of weak solutions of boundary value problems (Dirichlet, Neumann, Robin and mixed) for linear elliptic divergence second order equations in domains extending to infinity along a cone. We find an exponent of the solution decreasing rate: we derive the estimate of the weak solution modulus for our problems near the infinity under assumption that leading coefficients of the equations do not satisfy the Dini-continuity condition.
Investigation of the N-terminal coding region of MUC7 alterations in dentistry students with and without caries
Authors: Koç Öztürk L , Yarat A , Akyuz S , Furuncuoglu H , Ulucan K 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Human low-molecular weight salivary mucin (MUC7) is a small, secreted glycoprotein coded by MUC7. In the oral cavity, they inhibit the colonization of oral bacteria, including cariogenic ones, by masking their surface adhesions, thus helping saliva to avoid dental caries. The N-terminal domain is important for low-molecular weight (MG2) mucins to contact with oral microorganisms. In this study, we aimed to identify the N-terminal coding region of the MUC7 gene between individuals with and without caries. Forty-four healthy dental students were enrolled in this study; 24 of them were classified to have caries [decayed, missing, filled-teeth (DMFT) = 5.6] according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, and 20 of them were caries-free (DMFT = 0). Simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S) and gingival index (GI) were used to determine the oral hygiene and gingival conditions. Total protein levels and salivary total protein levels and salivary buffer capacity (SBC) were determined by Lowry and Ericsson methods. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood cells of all the participants and genotyping was carried out by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequencing method. No statistical differences were found between two groups in the terms of salivary parameters, oral hygiene and gingival conditions. We detected one common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) that leads to a change of asparagine to lysine at codon 80. This substitution was found in 29.0 and 40.0%, respectively, of the groups with and without caries. No other sequence variations were detected. The SNP found in this study may be a specific polymorphism affecting the Turkish population. Further studies with extended numbers are necessary in order to clarify this finding.
Recurrent increased nuchal translucency: a first trimester presentation of familial 13p satellite deletion
Authors: Uzun I , Has R , Alici E , Ozdemir M , Inan C , Erzincan S 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Chromosome 13 is one of the acrocentric chromosomes of the human karyotype. Acrocentric chromosomes are the most variable chromosomes in the human karyotype and these variations appear to have no clinical consequences. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a first trimester presentation of a 13 short arm satellite deletion with markedly increased nuchal translucency (NT). In this case, the 13p short arm satellite deletion was associated with increased NT in two pregnancies from the same couple.
Mass flow and particle size monitoring of pulverised fuel vertical spindle mills
Authors: Archary Hamresin , Schmitz Walter , Jestin Louis 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The first step towards condition based maintenance of the milling plant is the implementation of online condition monitoring of the mill. The following paper presents and analyses methods of monitoring the key performance factors of a vertical spindle mill that is suited for implementation on older power stations, i.e. the quantity (mass flow rate) and quality (particle fineness) of the pulverised fuel produced by the mill. It is shown herein that the mill throughput can be monitored on-line using a simple mill energy balance that successfully predicts the coal throughput within 2.33% as compared to a calibrated coal feeder. A sensitivity analysis reveals that the coal moisture is a critical measurement for this method to be adopted as an on-line mass flow monitoring tool. A laser based particle size analyser tool was tested for use in the power plant environment as an online monitoring solution to measure pulverised fuel fineness. It was revealed that several factors around the set-up and operation of the instrument have an influence on the perceived results. Although the instrument showed good precision and repeatability of results, these factors must be taken into account in order to improve the accuracy of the reported results before the instrument can be commissioned as an on-line monitoring solution.
Coexistence Analysis of Civil Unmanned Aircraft Systems at Low Altitudes
Authors: Zhou Yuzhe 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe requirement of unmanned aircraft systems in civil areas is growing. However, provisioning of flight efficiency and safety of unmanned aircraft has critical requirements on wireless communication spectrum resources. Current researches mainly focus on spectrum availability. In this paper, the unmanned aircraft system communication models, including the coverage model and data rate model, and two coexistence analysis procedures, i. e. the interference and noise ratio criterion and frequency-distance-direction criterion, are proposed to analyze spectrum requirements and interference results of the civil unmanned aircraft systems at low altitudes. In addition, explicit explanations are provided. The proposed coexistence analysis criteria are applied to assess unmanned aircraft systems’ uplink and downlink interference performances and to support corresponding spectrum planning. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed assessments and analysis procedures satisfy requirements of flexible spectrum accessing and safe coexistence among multiple unmanned aircraft systems.
Performance Analysis in Table Tennis - Stochastic Simulation by Numerical Derivation
Authors: Wenninger S. , Lames M. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the impact of different tactical behaviors on the winning probability in table tennis. The performance analysis was done by mathematical simulation using a Markov chain model. 259 high-level table tennis games were evaluated by means of a new simulation approach using numerical derivation to remove the necessity to perform a second modeling step in order to determine the difficulty of tactical behaviors. Based on the derivation, several mathematical constructs like directional derivations and the gradient are examined for application in table tennis. Results reveal errors and long rallies as the most influencing game situations, together with the positive effect of risky play on the winning probability of losing players.
Preparation of Cross-Linked High Amylose Corn-Starch and Its Effects on Self-Reinforced Starch Films
Authors: Liu Xingxun , Lan Cao , Al Amjad , Yu Long , Zhou Sumei 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Incorporation of biodegradable self-reinforced starch composite to starch film is a promising method to improve the mechanical property of the film. In this study, cross-linked starch with different degree of cross-linking level was used as matrix to reinforce in the starch film. The thermal properties and mechanical properties of the cross-linked starch were investigated by differential scanning calorimetory (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Instron tensile testing respectively. It was found that the cross-linking level greatly impact on the thermal properties of the cross-linked starch. The gelatinization temperature of starch increased with the increasing level of cross-linking modification. In addition, the cross-linking modification showed a positive effect on the mechanical properties of the starch films when the cross-linking level was controlled at a certain range.
Adopting adequate leaching requirement for practical response models of basil to salinity
Authors: Babazadeh Hossein , Tabrizi Mahdi Sarai , Darvishi Hossein Hassanpour 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Several mathematical models are being used for assessing plant response to salinity of the root zone. Objectives of this study included quantifying the yield salinity threshold value of basil plants to irrigation water salinity and investigating the possibilities of using irrigation water salinity instead of saturated extract salinity in the available mathematical models for estimating yield. To achieve the above objectives, an extensive greenhouse experiment was conducted with 13 irrigation water salinity levels, namely 1.175 dS m−1 (control treatment) and 1.8 to 10 dS m−1. The result indicated that, among these models, the modified discount model (one of the most famous root water uptake model which is based on statistics) produced more accurate results in simulating the basil yield reduction function using irrigation water salinities. Overall the statistical model of Steppuhn et al. on the modified discount model and the math-empirical model of van Genuchten and Hoffman provided the best results. In general, all of the statistical models produced very similar results and their results were better than math-empirical models. It was also concluded that if enough leaching was present, there was no significant difference between the soil salinity saturated extract models and the models using irrigation water salinity.
Effect of tool velocity ratio on tensile properties of friction stir processed aluminum based metal matrix composites
Authors: Vijayavel P. , Balasubramanian V. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn friction stir processing (FSP), tool rotational speed (TRS) and tool traverse speed (TTS) are the two important parameters, known to produce significant changes in the properties of the processed material. Increasing the TRS and TTS beyond a certain level would produce undesirable results. The heat generation will increase with an increase in the TRS and decrease in TTS. Excessive heat generation results in the formation of coarse grains exhibiting poor mechanical properties. The heat generation will decrease with decrease in the TRS and increase in TTS. Low heat generation will lead to inadequate plasticization and improper material flow. Hence a perfect combination of TRS and TTS is required to attain desirable properties in FSPed material. In this investigation FSP was carried out on aluminum based metal matrix composite (LM25AA+5%SiCp) material using five different tool velocity ratios (TVR: TRS/TTS). The FSP was subjected to microstructural characterization and tensile properties, evaluation. The results revealed that the TVR of 2.6 yielded superior tensile properties compared to other conditions.
Competitive Ability of Capsicum annuum L. Relative to the Weed Amaranthus lividus L.
Authors: Omezine Abdessatar , Teixeira da Silva Jaime A. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Amaranthus lividus is the most frequently reported troublesome weed in the production of Capsicum annuum in some regions because it is an aggressive invader, difficult to control, and reduces yield significantly. The effects of A. lividus on the growth of C. annuum ‘Baklouti’ were evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Three experiments were conducted to determine the effect of A. lividus on the biomass accumulation of C. annuum seedlings for 40 days. In an additive experiment, to one C. annuum seedling and 1, 2, 3 or 4 A. lividus seedlings were grown per pot. The second experiment was established to assess C. annuum intracompetition using from one to six plants per pot as the density. In a replacement experiment, C. annuum and A. lividus seedlings were transplanted into pots with different proportions of both plants (1/5, 2/4, 3/3, 4/2, 5/1). Competition by A. lividus reduced C. annuum plant dry weight by as much as 93%. However, C. annuum had little effect on A. lividus, reducing dry weight by 31.3% at a 5:1 ratio of C. annuum: A. lividus. Relative yield analysis between C. annuum and A. lividus demonstrated the competitive advantage of C. annuum over A. lividus. The relative crowding coefficient of both plants changed significantly in the presence of the other plant, at any ratio. The aggressivity of C. annuum was higher at its lower proportion and C. annuum was more aggressive towards itself than towards A. lividus when its density increased.
Simulation Models in Testing Reliability of Transport Process
Authors: Jacyna Marianna , Żak Jolanta 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The paper touches the problem of applying simulation models to assess the reliability of services in transport networks. Investigation of the transport processes in terms of their reliability is a complex decision-making task. The paper describes a method for assessing the reliability of transport process on the base of the criterion of minimizing the normalized lost time of vehicles. The time is wasted in a result of conflict situations occurring in the transport network during the transport process. The study includes stochastic distributions of system input. It enables studying the quality parameters of the transport network equipment, including service providers working under different workload and all kinds of disturbances. The method uses simulation models. Simulation studies were performed with Java Modelling Tools.
The Strategic Importance of the South-Eastern Asian Space Revealed through Sino-American Power Struggle
Authors: Metea Ileana-Gentilia 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
A development trend of the North Atlantic Alliance aims to the establishment of a “global NATO” as a political and military support of the West and of democratic states worldwide. The political-military and humanitarian cooperation in the former Yugoslavia, Iraq, Afghanistan, and Libya supports the materialization of such a structure. Some reservations are manifested because of the fears of some Western countries that they might be faced with a new global “Cold War” or engaged in armed conflicts in “sensitive areas” in the vicinity of the Russian Federation or China. That is why, maybe, the project of such a “new NATO” seems to be better received in Japan, Australia, and even the Gulf states. This paper aims to underline American vision, as the most important NATO member state, concerning the South-Eastern Asian space and also to put in discussion the Sino-American relations regarding this area.
You Tube Effect and Its Impact on Global Politics
Authors: Stoilova Veronika 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The world has been actively transformed, passing through different political, diplomatic and military formats. Configurations have been changing, but the main players remain in the field of geopolitics and global security issues. There are different opinions about the Internet and its impact on global politics. It is an undeniable fact that more than 20 years after the CNN effect became a subject for debate and analysis, YouTube also affects the political process in the world in ways that go beyond the ordinary video sharing.
Aspects of Gender Neutral Language
in Selected English and Polish Translations
of the New Testament
Authors: Gomola Aleksander 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Gender neutral language has been one of the most hotly debated issues in Bible translation in
recent decades, especially in translations into English. The article presents some aspects of this problem
expanding the perspective and comparing gender neutral language usage in modern translations of
Scripture into English and Polish: the New International Version and the Paulist Bible and the Poznan
Bible, with occasional references to other English and Polish translations. Renditions of selected New
Testament terms such as anthrōpos, anēr, adelphos/adelphoi and huioi are examined, as well as English
and Polish translations of diakoneo when it describes women accompanying Jesus in the synoptic
gospels. Translations of “Junia/Junius” (Rom 16:7) are also compared as well as the issue of Phoebe
the “deaconess” in Rom 16:1. The author concludes that solutions concerning gender neutral language
in English and Polish translations of the Bible, sometimes similar, are not identical due to differences
between these languages, due to different socio-linguistic norms characterizing Polish and English
audiences respectively and due to the fact that the English translation is addressed to the evangelical
Christians, while the Polish ones to the Catholics.
Slow-fast effect and generation mechanism of brusselator based on coordinate transformation
Authors: Li Xianghong , Hou Jingyu , Shen Yongjun 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The Brusselator with different time scales, which behaves in the classical slow-fast effect, is investigated, and is characterized by the coupling of the quiescent and spiking states. In order to reveal the generation mechanism by using the slow-fast analysis method, the coordinate transformation is introduced into the classical Brusselator, so that the transformed system can be divided into the fast and slow subsystems. Furthermore, the stability condition and bifurcation phenomenon of the fast subsystem are analyzed, and the attraction domains of different equilibria are presented by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation respectively. Based on the transformed system, it could be found that the generation mechanism between the quiescent and spiking states is Fold bifurcation and change of the attraction domain of the fast subsystem. The results may also be helpful to the similar system with multiple time scales.
Differential expression of Toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway genes in Escherichia coli F18-resistant and – sensitive Meishan piglets
Authors: Liu Y. , Gan L.N. , Qin W.Y. , Sun S.Y. , Zhu G.Q. , Wu S.L. , Bao W.B. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway is an important inflammatory pathways associated with the progression of numerous diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between TLR4 signaling and resistance to Escherichia coli F18 in locally weaned Meishan piglets. Using a real-time PCR approach, expression profiles were determined for key TLR4 signaling pathway genes TLR4, MyD88, CD14, IFN-α, IL-1β and TNF-α in the spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, duodenum and jejunum of E. coli F18-resistant and -sensitive animals. TLR4 signaling pathway genes were expressed in all the immune organs and intestinal tissues, and the expression was generally higher in the spleen and lymph nodes. TLR4 transcription was higher in the spleen of sensitive piglets (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference in TLR4 mRNA levels in other tissues. Similarly, CD14 transcription was higher in lymph nodes of sensitive animals (p<0.05) but not in other tissues. IL-1β expression was higher in the spleen and in the duodenum of resistant piglets (p<0.05, p<0.01, respectively), and there were no significant differences in other tissues. There were also no significant differences in the expression of MyD88, TNF-α and IFN-α between sensitive and resistant piglets (p>0.05). These results further confirm the involvement of the TLR4 signaling pathway in resistance to E. coli F18 in Meishan weaned piglets. The resistance appeared to be mediated via downregulation of TLR4 and CD14, and upregulation of MyD88 that may promote the release of cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-α and other inflammatory mediators which help to fight against E. coli F18 infection.
Morphology and immunoreactivity of canine and feline extramedullary plasmacytomas
Authors: Mikiewicz M. , Otrocka-Domagała I. , Paździor-Czapula K. , Gesek M. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The aim of the study was the evaluation of morphology and immunophenotype of canine (19 cases) and feline (7 cases) extramedullary plasmacytomas. Tumours, located in skin, oral cavity and spleen were surgically excised, fixed and processed for histopathology and immunohistochemistry (CD79α, CD18, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, metallothionein). Histologically, tumours were classified into mature, cleaved, asynchronous, polymorphous blastic, hyalin, or monomorphous blastic type. All evaluated tumours showed cytoplasmic expression of CD79α antigen. The expression of CD18 was observed in canine cutaneous and splenic tumours. In canine tumours expression of metallothionein was low to moderate, while in feline plasmacytomas – absent or low. In canine tumours, the mitotic index and proliferating cell nuclear antigen index were positively correlated with the expression of metallothionein. In feline tumours no correlation between mitotic index, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and metallothionein was found. This is the first study describing expression of metallothionein in canine and feline extramedullary plasmacytoma.