bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors that influence sexual and reproductive health in Portuguese university students
Authors: Santos M.J. , Ferreira E. , Duarte J. , Ferreira M. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundUniversity students have unprotected sex and associate alcohol and/or drugs with sexual practices. These behaviours are risk factors for influencing sexual and reproductive health that can be targeted by nursing interventions.AimThe aim of this study was to determine the risk and protective factors influencing sexual and reproductive risk‐taking behaviours in university students.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional and correlational study in a sample of 1946 students. Data were collected using a self‐report questionnaire on the individual, environmental, cognitive and psychosocial factors related to knowledge of sexually transmitted infections, attitude for sexual and reproductive health, subjective norms, Condom Use Self‐Efficacy and Sexual Sensation Seeking scales.ResultsOlder male students were at higher risk for all risk behaviours studied. Students involved in committed relationships were at risk because of decreased condom use. Individuals who placed high importance on sexual sensation seeking were at increased risk. The higher the importance students placed on peers’ opinion, the more protective their behaviours were.ConclusionThe results of this study showed that university students are exposed to sexual risks. Individual, cognitive and psychosocial factors influence the risk‐taking behaviours.Implications for nursing and health policyThe findings of this study should be further incorporated into health care with nurses’ leadership, adapting healthcare services to the specific needs of this population and promoting educational programmes.
Mouthpart morphology and feeding behavior of the invasive kudzu bug, Megacopta cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae)
Authors: Stubbins Francesca L. , Mitchell Paula Levin , Turnbull Matthew W. , Reay‐Jones Francis P. F. , Greene Jeremy K. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe invasive kudzu bug, Megacopta cribraria, was first reported in North America in 2009 and has subsequently spread through most of the southeastern United States, causing yield loss in soybean. Since detection in the USA, research has focused mainly on managing this newly established pest, but many important characteristics of the pest's mouthpart morphology and feeding behavior are unknown. Qualitative and quantitative comparisons of nymph and adult mouthparts and sensilla were made through scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy, and feeding behavior was examined using electropenetrography (EPG) and paraffin histology. Morphologies observed were similar to what has previously been reported for other piercing–sucking hemipterans. The relationship between rostrum length and body size (pronotum width and dorsal length) exhibited negative allometry. Rostrum length exhibited an isometric relationship with interocular width. Adult females (n=9) probed soybean stems 1.3±0.8 times in 9 h, with an average probe time of 2.3±1.3 h. EPG waveforms were characterized and correlated with behavior. Salivary sheaths were shown to terminate in the vascular tissue; four of five sheaths terminated in the phloem. This is the first time that the feeding behavior of a member of the Plataspidae has been recorded using EPG. Results add to our current limited knowledge of plataspid mouthpart morphology and provide a baseline for further research on the feeding behaviors of M. cribraria and other soybean‐feeding hemipterans.
Prognostic indices in ovarian cancer
Authors: Swenerton Kenneth D. 
Published: June 2017

Ovarian cancer exhibits a wide spectrum of behavior, the effectiveness of therapies varies and the circumstances of patients differ. Better outcomes will require more selective treatment strategies considerate of these variables.

The need for treatment As long as outcome is affected more by disease than by treatment, survival will be determined by the bulk and growth‐rate of residual tumor ‐ prognostic factors reflect these. They indicate the need for treatment, but not whether benefit is likely. FIGO stage is the international standard, but this alone is inadequately predictive. Grade reflects virulence, but subjectivity has limited its usefulness. Newer quantitative pathology techniques (such as DNA ploidy) more reproducibly reflect behavior. Prognostic factors can be used to define subsets of patients at differing degrees of disease risk.
Efficacy of treatment No response predictors are yet of practical use in selecting primary chemotherapy on an individual basis. Generally, response is more likely if the tumor is less extensive and if dose and treatment frequency are higher. Monitoring biomarkers can more quickly identify those with a suboptimal response who may require a change or discontinuation of treatment. Re‐laparotomy has limited usefulness. Response predictors for second‐line treatment (e.g. the failure‐free interval) are available and also have implications for new drug testing.
Suitability of treatment Advanced age or serious additional illness may render intensive treatment inappropriate. The informed patient's wishes are of prime importance.
An evolving strategy of selective management is described.
Understanding web activity patterns among teachers, students and teacher candidates
Authors: Kimmons R. , Clark B. , Lim M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis study sought to understand generational and role differences in web usage of teachers, teacher candidates and K–12 students in a state in the USA (n = 2261). The researchers employed unique methods, which included using a custom‐built persistent web browser to track user behaviours free of self‐report, self‐selection and perception bias. Results revealed that all three groups utilized a variety of resources daily, but with some noticeable differences. For instance, (1) teachers and teacher candidates used the Internet on school devices much more than students; (2) they accessed general, multimedia, search, entertainment, shopping and social resources at a higher rate than students; (3) students visited a higher proportion of educational websites than their teachers; and (4) teachers visited a higher proportion of search pages than teacher candidates. Results may be useful for researchers (1) to better understand generational differences between groups; (2) to expand educational technology research to better include non‐pedagogical support tools for educators; and (3) to serve as a counterpoint for self‐report data on web resource frequency of use, which may provide different results.
The Non‐Canonical Substrates of Trypanosoma cruzi Tyrosine and Aspartate Aminotransferases: Branched‐Chain Amino Acids
Authors: Manchola Nubia Carolina , Silber Ariel Mariano , Nowicki Cristina 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTrypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease, lacks genes that encode canonical branched‐chain aminotransferases. However, early studies showed that when epimastigotes were grown in the presence of 14C1‐DL‐leucine, the label was incorporated into various intermediates. More recently, our studies provided evidence that T. cruzi epimastigotes display a single ATP‐dependent and saturable transport system that enables epimastigotes to uptake branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs) from the culture media. To extend our knowledge of the first step of BCAA catabolism, the ability of this parasite's noncanonical broad specificity aminotransferases, such as tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) and aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), to transaminate these amino acids was investigated. Indeed, our results show that TAT and ASAT utilize BCAAs as substrates; however, both enzymes differ in their catalytic competence in utilizing these amino donors. For instance, ASAT transaminates isoleucine nearly 10‐fold more efficiently than does TAT. This unique characteristic of TAT and ASAT allows to explain how BCAAs can be oxidized in the absence of a BCAA transaminase in T. cruzi.
Correlation between serum galectin‐9 levels and liver fibrosis
Authors: Fujita Koji , Niki Toshiro , Nomura Takako , Oura Kyoko , Tadokoro Tomoko , Sakamoto Teppei , Tani Joji , Yoneyama Hirohito , Morishita Asahiro , Kuroda Noriyuki , Arai Takeshi , Nishimoto Naoki , Himoto Takashi , Hirashima Mitsuomi , Masaki Tsutomu 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackground and AimChronic liver diseases progress from chronic inflammation to fibrosis to tumorigenesis. Galectin‐9, a β‐galactoside‐specific animal lectin, is indicated to contribute to all three steps of progression. The aim of this study was to determine which of the three steps was most dominant in elevating the serum galectin‐9 concentration and to test the possibility of galectin‐9 as a serum biomarker.MethodsJapanese patients with chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, or alcoholic liver disease who provided informed consent were enrolled in this study. Serum galectin‐9 levels were measured using a sandwich ELISA. Multiple regression analyses were performed using ezr to identify factors that determined serum galectin‐9 concentration.ResultsOne hundred one patients with 50 of chronic hepatitis and 51 of liver cirrhosis were enrolled; the cohort included 45 cases of hepatitis C virus infection, 13 cases of hepatitis B virus infection, and 46 cases with HCC‐related complications. The median serum galectin‐9 concentration was 77.54 pg/mL (interquartile range: 18.89–241.9 pg/mL). Multiple linear regression analyses proved Fibrosis‐4 index and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index, indexes of liver fibrosis, were able to predict the serum galectin‐9 levels with statistical significance. A multiple logistic regression analysis determined 10 pg/mL increase in the serum galectin‐9 concentration presented an odds ratio of 3.90 for liver fibrosis progression.ConclusionsThe serum galectin‐9 concentration represents a potential biomarker of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic liver diseases, regardless of chronic inflammation or the presence of HCC complications. Furthermore, higher serum galectin‐9 levels are a predictor for liver fibrosis progression.
Factors contributing to serious adverse events in nursing homes
Authors: Andersson Åsa , Frank Catharina , Willman Ania ML , Sandman Per‐Olof , Hansebo Görel 
Published: June 2017

Aims and objectivesTo identify the most common serious adverse events that occurred in nursing homes and their most frequent contributing factors to the improvement of safe nursing care.BackgroundThere is a need to improve safe nursing care in nursing homes. Residents are often frail and vulnerable with extensive needs for nursing care. A relatively minor adverse event in nursing care can cause serious injury that could have been preventable.DesignThis was a retrospective study, with a total sample of data regarding adverse events (n = 173) in nursing homes, concerning nursing care reported by healthcare providers in Sweden to the Health and Social Care Inspectorate. The reports were analysed with content analysis, and the frequencies of the adverse events, and their contributing factors, were described with descriptive statistics.ResultsMedication errors, falls, delayed or inappropriate intervention and missed nursing care contributed to the vast majority (89%) of the serious adverse events. A total of 693 possible contributing factors were identified. The most common contributing factors were (i) lack of competence, (ii) incomplete or lack of documentation, (iii) teamwork failure and (iv) inadequate communication.ConclusionsThe contributing factors frequently interacted yet they varied between different groups of serious adverse events. The resident's safety depends on the availability of staff's competence as well as adequate documentation about the resident's condition. Lack of competence was underestimated by healthcare providers.Relevance to clinical practiceRegistered nurses and assistant nurses need to have awareness of contributing factors to adverse events in nursing care. A holistic approach to improve patient safety in nursing homes requires competence of the staff, safe environments as well as resident's and relative's participation.
Open visitation and nurse job satisfaction: An integrative review
Authors: Monroe Marissa , Wofford Linda 
Published: June 2017

Aims and objectivesTo explore the effect of open visitation on critical care nurse job satisfaction.BackgroundOpen visitation has many benefits for ICU patients and families. However, ICU open visitation also affects nurses’ work environment. Because nurse satisfaction is crucial to overall patient satisfaction, nurses’ perceptions, experiences and opinions about open visitation should be considered.DesignA literature search was performed through CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE Complete, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Academic Search Premier and PsychINFO.MethodsKey terms, inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria were applied. Duplicates and articles focusing on family presence during end of life care were excluded. Articles were evaluated for data quality, resulting in 14 articles.ResultsFamily presence can negatively affect nurses’ workflow and environment. Nurses report a loss of control, interruptions in care and increased workloads with open visitation. Therefore, nurses prefer restricted visitation.ConclusionsThe literature evidence encourages visitation policies that support nurses in managing the additional work and stress of meeting patient and family needs. Implementation of evidence‐based strategies to support nursing staff in stressful ICU environments can improve job satisfaction.Relevance to clinical practiceThe conclusions of this integrative review can be utilized by hospitals considering or implementing ICU open visitation
Comparison between swinging and playing of white noise among colicky babies: A paired randomised controlled trial
Authors: Sezici Emel , Yigit Deniz 
Published: June 2017

Aims and objectiveThis study aimed to compare the effects of swinging and playing of white noise on the crying and sleeping durations of colicky babies.BackgroundInfantile colic (IC) is one of the most common reasons for doctor visits among babies younger than 3 months. One of five babies older than 3 months also experiences IC. IC, unlike gastrointestinal problems, is regarded as an individual differentiation and maturation of the central nervous system. Providing a warm bath, breastfeeding, swinging and playing of white noise are nonpharmacological methods. The efficiency of these methods has been proven by various studies independently of one another.DesignThe study is a prospective, multicentre, paired randomised controlled trial.MethodsThe study was conducted between April–December 2016. The study sample consisted of 40 1‐month‐old babies with gas pains who passed a hearing screening and their mothers. The total daily crying and sleeping durations of the babies were determined without any intervention on the first week. On the second week, 20 randomly selected babies (first group) were swung each time they cried, and on the third week, they were made to listen to white noise. The other 20 babies (second group) were made to listen to white noise on the second week and were swung on the third week. Swinging and playing of white noise were performed until the babies stopped crying. After every intervention, the total crying and sleeping durations of the babies were evaluated using a “Colicky Baby's Diary.”ResultsPlaying of white noise significantly decreased the daily crying durations (p < .05) and increased the sleeping durations of the colicky babies (p < .05) compared to swinging in both groups.ConclusionPlaying of white noise was found to be a more effective nonpharmacological method on crying and sleeping durations of colicky babies than swinging.Relevance to clinical practicePlaying of white noise may be helpful for parents and healthcare personnel in reducing the gas pains of babies.
Identification and antifungal activity analysis of two biocontrol antagonists to Colletotrichum musae
Authors: Shu Canwei , Chen Qiguang , Pi Lei , Zhang Detao , Panhwar Qurban Ali , Zhou Erxun 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPostharvest anthracnose of banana caused by Colletotrichum musae is one of the major diseases resulting in huge economic losses worldwide. To control this disease using biocontrol agents, two antagonistic strains SD7 and NB20 with significant inhibitory effects on mycelial growth and conidial germination of C. musae were identified and evaluated in this study. The inhibitory effects of cell‐free culture filtrates of SD7 and NB20 on conidial germination of C. musae were both 100%, and those on mycelial growth of C. musae were 97.7 ± 0.9% and 95.0 ± 0.6%, respectively. The antifungal activities of cell‐free culture filtrates of both strains were still stable after they were stored at 4°C for 6 months. The control efficacies of cell‐free culture filtrates of SD7 and NB20 on postharvest anthracnose of banana were 55.9 ± 4.1% and 33.2 ± 3.9%, respectively. The disease severity (mean scale value) in banana fruit fingers was significantly lower after the treatment with a cultural suspension of the bacterial strain SD7 (1.4 ± 0.49) or actinomycete strain NB20 (2.0 ± 0.63), compared to that in the control (4.8 ± 0.40). After subculturing for 10 generations, the antifungal efficiency of NB20 remained stable, whereas that of strain SD7 declined obviously. Lastly, based on the morphological, physio‐biochemical and molecular characteristics, the bacterial strain SD7 was identified as Burkholderia cepacia, while the actinomycete strain NB20 was identified as Streptomyces katrae. The results from this study will provide the basis for developing an effective and novel biofungicide to control banana anthracnose disease.
Writing and writer identity: the poor relation and the search for voice in ‘personal literacy’
Authors: Gardner Paul 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe teaching of writing has been a relatively neglected aspect of research in literacy. Cultural and socio‐economic reasons for this are suggested. In addition, teachers often readily acknowledge themselves as readers, but rarely as writers. Without a solid grasp of compositional processes, teachers are perhaps prone to adopt schemes that promote mechanistic writing approaches, which are reinforced by top‐down discourses of literacy. This ‘schooling literacy’ is often at odds with children's lives and their narratives of social being. After discussing theories of writing, tensions between ‘schooling literacy’ and ‘personal literacy’ are debated. It is suggested that the disjuncture of the two exposes gaps that provide teachers with spaces in which to construct a writing curriculum embedded in children's language and funds of knowledge. The elevation of this ‘personal literacy’ is viewed as an imperative to enhance children's identities as writers, as well as their engagement with writing.
When will the Internet be connected? Digital worlds and belonging in the lives of globally mobile children
Authors: Hannaford Jeanette , Beavis Catherine 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIncreasing numbers of children are caught up in global flows of moving peoples. This movement may be voluntary or forced and is experienced within a range of settings. Coming from diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds, and moving around the world due to their parents' employment, the children found in traditional International Schools are a case in point. This paper focuses on the experiences of two sisters in the first year of their family's global relocation. In the midst of change, the digital world Club Penguin™ offered these two globally mobile children a familiar and welcome site of continuity and belonging. This exploration of the role of digital worlds and digital literacies in these girls' experience contributes to an understanding of connections between global movement and digital literacy practices. Greater awareness of the significance of digital literacies in globally mobile children's lives provides fresh insights into how children participate in digital spaces and has implications for literacy educators supporting young people in contemporary times.
The patient buddy app can potentially prevent hepatic encephalopathy‐related readmissions
Authors: Ganapathy Dinesh , Acharya Chathur , Lachar Jatinder , Patidar Kavish , Sterling Richard K. , White Melanie B. , Ignudo Catherine , Bommidi Swamy , DeSoto John , Thacker Leroy R. , Matherly Scott , Shaw Jawaid , Siddiqui Mohammad S. , Puri Puneet , Sanyal Arun J. , Luketic Velimir , Lee Hannah , Stravitz Richard T. , Bajaj Jasmohan S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsReadmissions are a major burden in cirrhosis. A proportion of readmissions in cirrhosis, especially because of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) could be avoided through patient and caregiver engagement. We aimed to define the feasibility of using the Patient Buddy App and its impact on 30‐day readmissions by engaging and educating cirrhotic inpatients and caregivers in a pilot study.MethodsCirrhotic inpatients with caregivers were enrolled and followed for 30 days post‐discharge. On separately assigned devices loaded with Patient Buddy, they were trained on entering medication adherence, daily sodium intake and weights, and weekly cognitive (EncephalApp_Stroop) and fall‐risk assessment and were educated regarding cirrhosis‐related symptoms. These were monitored daily through a Patient Buddy loaded iPad by the clinical team. The App sent automatic alerts between patient/caregivers and clinical team regarding adherence and critical values. At 30 days, total, and HE‐related admissions were analysed as well as the feasibility and feedback regarding educational values.ResultsForty patients and 40 caregivers were enrolled. Seventeen patients were readmitted within 30‐days but none for HE. Eight potential HE‐related readmissions were prevented through App‐generated alerts that encouraged early outpatient interventions. Caregivers and patients were concordant in data entry but six did not complete data entries. Most respondents rated the App favourably for its educational value.ConclusionsIn this proof‐of‐concept trial, the use of Patient Buddy is feasible in recently discharged patients with cirrhosis and their caregivers. Eight HE‐related readmissions were potentially avoided after the use of the App.
Hoocąk and otherSiouan languages: A typological overview
Authors: Helmbrecht Johannes 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper provides a typological overview of Hoocąk, a North American Indian language. Attention is focused on the encoding of grammatical relations, a domain where Hoocąk diverges from more familiar European languages in several respects. In particular, Hoocąk is a head‐marking language and belongs to the active/inactive type. This has important consequences for the way in which information is rendered morphosyntactically in the language. Information on related Siouan languages is also provided in order to show that Hoocąk shares a number of properties with several neighboring languages.