bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in field dose–response curves for demethylation inhibitor (DMI) and quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicides against Zymoseptoria tritici, related to laboratory sensitivity phenotyping and genotyping assays
Authors: Blake Jonathan J , Gosling Paul , Fraaije Bart A , Burnett Fiona J , Knight Stuart M , Kildea Steven , Paveley Neil D 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDInsensitivity of Zymoseptoria tritici to demethylation inhibitor (DMI) and quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicides has been widely reported from laboratory studies, but the relationships between laboratory sensitivity phenotype or target site genotype and field efficacy remain uncertain. This article reports field experiments quantifying dose–response curves, and investigates the relationships between field performance and in vitro half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values for DMIs, and the frequency of the G143A substitution conferring QoI resistance.RESULTSData were analysed from 83 field experiments over 21 years. Response curves were fitted, expressed as percentage control, rising towards an asymptote with increasing dose. Decline in DMI efficacy over years was associated with a decrease in the asymptote, and reduced curvature. Field ED50 values were positively related to in vitro EC50 values for isolates of Z. tritici collected over a 14‐year period. Loss of QoI efficacy was expressed through a change in asymptote. Increasing frequency of G143A was associated with changes in field dose–response asymptotes.CONCLUSIONNew resistant strains are often detected by resistance monitoring and laboratory phenotyped/genotyped before changes in field performance are detected. The relationships demonstrated here between laboratory tests and field performance could aid translation between laboratory and field for other fungicide groups. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Curcuminoids Lower Plasma Leptin Concentrations: A Meta‐analysis
Authors: Atkin Stephen L. , Katsiki Niki , Derosa Giuseppe , Maffioli Pamela , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: September 2017

Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenol that has been suggested to improve several metabolic diseases. Leptin is an adipokine involved in metabolic status and appetite, with marked crosstalk with other systems. Available data suggest that curcumin may affect leptin levels; therefore, this meta‐analysis was performed to evaluate this. A systematic review and meta‐analysis were undertaken on all randomized controlled trials of curcumin studies that included the measurement of leptin. The search included PubMed‐Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar databases. Quantitative data synthesis was performed by using a random‐effects model, with standardized mean difference and 95% confidence interval as summary statistics. A funnel plot, Begg's rank correlation, and Egger's weighted regression tests assessed the presence of publication bias. Four eligible articles comprising five treatment arms were selected for the meta‐analysis. Meta‐analysis showed a significant decrease in plasma leptin concentrations following curcumin treatment (standardized mean difference: −0.69, 95% confidence interval: −1.16, −0.23, p = 0.003; I2 = 76.53%). There was no evidence of publication bias. This meta‐analysis showed that curcumin supplementation is associated with a decrease in leptin levels that may be regarded as a potential mechanism for the metabolic effects of curcumin. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Feasibility of Intraoperative Navigation for Liver Resection Using Real‐time Virtual Sonography With Novel Automatic Registration System
Authors: Takamoto Takeshi , Mise Yoshihiro , Satou Shouichi , Kobayashi Yuta , Miura Koui , Saiura Akio , Hasegawa Kiyoshi , Kokudo Norihiro , Makuuchi Masatoshi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical feasibility and usability of intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS) tracked by computed tomography (CT) images have been proposed; however, it requires technically demanding manual registration procedure.Study designA prospective study using real‐time virtual sonography (RVS) with novel automatic registration system was conducted in four high‐volume centers of liver resection from 2015 to 2016. The requiring time for registration of IOUS and CT images and positional error of confluence of middle hepatic venous tributaries (V8‐MHV, V5‐MHV) were measured in patients undergoing laparotomy.ResultsAutomatic registration was successful in 43 of 52 enrolled patients (83%), with error ranges of 11.4 (3.1–69.4) mm for V8‐MHV and 16.2 (4.3–66.8) mm for V5‐MHV. Time required for total registration process was 36 (27–74) s.ConclusionsThe RVS with novel automatic registration system can provide quick and easy registration and acceptable accuracy, which can promote the usage of IOUS.
Simplified Cable Nerve Grafting with Nerve-Cutting Guides and Fibrin Glue
Authors: Bynum Donald , Patterson J. , Draeger Reid 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCable nerve grafting is the recommended surgical treatment for large peripheral nerve defects. Traditionally, this is performed by bridging a gap in the nerve with multiple autologous nerve cables, repairing the epineurium of each cable to the perineurium of a fascicle of the injured nerve that is similar in size to the graft. The authors present a new technique in which they used nerve-cutting guides to aid in the placement of fibrin glue to secure the sides of the cabled nerve graft together to facilitate handling of the cabled nerve graft and to expedite repair. Freshening the graft nerve ends after the application of fibrin glue using appropriately sized nerve-cutting guides allows for donor-recipient size match and epineurium-to-epineurium repair of the cabled graft to injured nerve. Though further follow-up is needed to determine long-term outcomes following this technique, early results are promising with clinical improvement seen in a similar timeframe to traditional grafting.
Zertifizierte Gynäkologische Krebszentren
Authors: Mensah Jumana , Wesselmann Simone , Beckmann Matthias 
Published: September 2017

ZusammenfassungMit dem Zertifizierungssystem für Gynäkologische Krebszentren wird das gesamte Versorgungsspektrum der gynäkologischen Krebserkrankungen abgebildet. In bislang 133 spezialisierten Zentren im In- und Ausland wird qualitätsgesicherte, leitliniengerechte Versorgung für Patientinnen mit unterschiedlichen gynäkologischen Malignomen gewährleistet. Mit den 2017 neu eingeführten, leitlinienbasierten Kennzahlen für Patientinnen mit Vulvakarzinom wird erstmals die Qualität der Behandlung auch für diese Patientinnengruppe spezifisch erfasst. Diese entitätsumfassenden Kennzahlen bilden mit den übergreifenden Anforderungen an die Diagnostik und Therapie aller gynäkologischer Tumore und den bereits bestehenden Qualitätsindikatoren für Ovarial- und Zervixkarzinome die Voraussetzung für eine umfassende Qualitätssicherung und -verbesserung.
A Plea for MERSQI
Authors: Smith Roger P. , Learman Lee A. 
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE:
To describe the quality of educational scholarship presented at a large national conference of obstetrics and gynecology educators.

METHODS:
We reviewed Council on Resident Education in Obstetrics and Gynecology–Association of Professors of Gynecology and Obstetrics annual meeting abstracts from 2015 and 2016, published as supplements to Obstetrics & Gynecology. For this uncontrolled observational study, abstracts were reviewed and scored using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI). Comparisons between types of submissions (oral presentations or posters), origin of the report (academic or community), setting (undergraduate, graduate, postgraduate), and focus of the study (tool development or evaluation) were made. Abstracts from award-winning presentations and full manuscripts were compared with the remaining abstracts. One- and two-tailed Student t tests with a two-sample unequal variance (heteroscedastic) test were performed with a significance threshold of P≤.05.

RESULTS:
One hundred eighty-six abstracts and articles were available, with 101 posters and 77 oral presentations that could be scored in all six of the MERSQI domains. The average MERSQI score was 9.05 (±1.90) with scores ranging from 5 to 13.5 (median 9). Abstracts from full-text articles scored more than 1 point higher than other abstracts (10.2 compared with 9.0, P<.001, Cohen's d=0.72). Statistically significant smaller magnitude differences were found comparing tool development with evaluation, academic with community studies, and for award with nonaward winners. No differences were found comparing oral and poster presentations.

CONCLUSION:
The quality of educational scholarship presented at a national meeting of obstetrics and gynecology educators falls within the published range for other specialties. The MERSQI scoring system is a useful method for tracking and benchmarking the quality of medical education scholarship in obstetrics and gynecology.
Outcomes Associated With a Five-Point Surgical Site Infection Prevention Bundle in Women Undergoing Surgery for Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Lippitt Melissa H. , Fairbairn Melissa Gerardi , Matsuno Rayna , Stone Rebecca L. , Tanner Edward J. , Wick Elizabeth C. , Angarita Ana C. , Long Roche Kara , Levinson Kimberly L. , Bergstrom Jennifer E. , Sinno Abdulrahman K. , Curless Melanie S. , Wethington Stephanie , Temkin Sarah M. , Efron Jonathan , Hobson Deborah , Fader Amanda N. 
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE:
To identify risk factors for surgical site infection and to define rates associated with cytoreductive surgery before and after implementation of an infection prevention bundle.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective quality improvement study. Patients who underwent ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer cytoreductive surgery at an academic tertiary care center from April 2014 to April 2016 were prospectively enrolled. Patient demographics, surgical variables, and surgical site infection rates were compared with a historical cohort after introduction of a 5-point infection prevention bundle, including: 1) preoperative and intraoperative skin preparation with 4% chlorhexidine and intraoperative vaginal preparation with 4% chlorhexidine; 2) preoperative use of oral antibiotics and mechanical bowel preparation; 3) appropriate timing of intraoperative antibiotics; 4) adoption of enhanced sterile surgical techniques for colon procedures and incisional closure; and 5) perioperative incision management.

RESULTS:
During the study period, 219 women underwent surgery: 91 prebundle and 128 treated in the postbundle period. Stage, body mass index, proportion of patients undergoing colon or upper abdominal surgery, and estimated blood loss were not different between the cohorts. Overall, the surgical site infection rate prebundle was 18 (20%); this was reduced to four (3%) postbundle (odds ratio [OR] 0.13, 95% CI 0.037–0.53; P<.001). Patients who underwent a colon resection prebundle had an infection rate of 14 (33%) compared with three (7%) in the postbundle group (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.037–0.53; P<.001). Additionally, rates of surgical site infection–related hospital readmission were also lower in the postbundle (4/128 [3%]) compared with the prebundle group (12/91 [13%]; P=.005).

CONCLUSION:
Infection is common after ovarian cancer cytoreductive surgery. Implementation of a 5-point surgical site infection prevention bundle in women undergoing ovarian cancer operations was associated with dramatically decreased infection rates and lower hospital readmission rates.
Interactive Pelvic Anatomy Model
Authors: Advolodkina Polina , Chahine E. Britton 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUND:
A knowledge deficit of pelvic anatomy has been noted in obstetrics and gynecology residents. In this article, we introduce an innovative anatomic model that uses readily accessible and reusable materials to simulate and teach anatomic relationships in the female pelvis.

INSTRUMENT:
Our anatomic model is a reusable and cost-effective modification of an existing pelvic model. We used felt fabric pieces with hook-and-loop fasteners to simulate the pelvic floor, perineum, and surrounding musculature as they attach to corresponding sites on a standard bony pelvis. Our design incorporates the relationship of the ureter and major blood vessels in the pelvis by using yarn and ribbon. By allowing the student to build the anatomy of the pelvis piece by piece, the model provides the student a hands-on illustration of anatomic relationships in three dimensions.

EXPERIENCE:
At our institution, both learners and faculty have positively evaluated our model. We have used it to teach residents and fourth-year medical students surgically relevant anatomy. It is currently being evaluated as an addition to standard anatomy lectures in medical student clerkships.

CONCLUSION:
Our model introduces an innovative design that uses inexpensive and reusable materials. Residents, faculty, and student learners at our institution have positively received the model.
Improving Emotion Regulation Following Web-Based Group Intervention for Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Tsaousides Theodore , Spielman Lisa , Kajankova Maria , Guetta Gabrielle , Gordon Wayne , Dams-O'Connor Kristen 
Published: September 2017

Objective:
Preliminary evaluation of the efficacy of a Web-based group intervention (Online EmReg) to improve emotion regulation (ER) in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Design:
Pre-/post-within-subject design with baseline, end-of-treatment, and 12-week follow-up assessments.

Participants:
Ninety-one individuals with TBI and deficits in ER.

Intervention:
Twenty-four sessions of training in ER skills delivered by group videoconference.

Measures:
Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Problem Solving Inventory (PSI), Social Problem Solving Inventory-Revised: Short Form (SPSI-R:S), and Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX).

Results:
Significant changes with large effect sizes were found for the DERS at the 12-week follow-up assessment. Significant and moderate changes were found on the SWLS, DEX, PSI, and subscales of the PANAS and SPSI-R:S.

Conclusions:
Online EmReg appears to be a promising method of delivering a group intervention to improve ER following TBI.
Hearing Outcome With the Use of Glass Ionomer Cement as an Alternative to Crimping in Stapedotomy
Authors: Elzayat Saad , Younes Ahmed , Fouad Ayman , Erfan Fatthe , Mahrous Ali 
Published: September 2017

Objective:
To evaluate early hearing outcomes using glass ionomer cement to fix the Teflon piston prosthesis onto the long process of incus to minimize residual conductive hearing loss after stapedotomy.

Study Design:
Original report of prospective randomized control study.

Setting:
Tertiary referral center.

Patients:
A total of 80 consecutive patients with otosclerosis were randomized into two groups. Group A is a control group in which 40 patients underwent small fenestra stapedotomy using the classic technique. Group B included 40 patients who were subjected to small fenestra stapedotomy with fixation of the incus-prosthesis junction with glass ionomer bone cement.

Interventions:
Stapedotomy with the classical technique in group A and the alternative technique in group B.

Primary Outcome Measure:
The audiometric results before and after surgery.

Results:
Analysis of the results was performed using the paired t test to compare between pre and postoperative results. χ
2 test was used to compare the results of the two groups. A p value less than 0.05 was considered significant from the statistical standpoint. Significant postoperative improvement of both pure-tone air conduction thresholds and air-bone gaps were reported in the two studied groups. The postoperative average residual air-bone gap and hearing gain were statistically significant in group B (p < 0.05) compared with group A.

Conclusion:
The use of glass ionomer bone cement in primary otosclerosis surgery using the aforementioned prosthesis and the surgical technique is of significant value in producing maximal closure of the air-bone gap and better audiological outcomes.
Pylorus Resection Does Not Reduce Delayed Gastric Emptying After Partial Pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Hackert Thilo , Probst Pascal , Knebel Phillip , Doerr-Harim Colette , Bruckner Thomas , Klaiber Ulla , Werner Jens , Schneider Lutz , Michalski Christoph W. , Strobel Oliver , Ulrich Alexis , Diener Markus K. , Büchler Markus W. 
Published: September 2017

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pylorus resection on postoperative delayed gastric emptying (DGE) after partial pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).

Background:
PD is the standard treatment for tumors of the pancreatic head. Preservation of the pylorus has been widely accepted as standard procedure. DGE is a common complication causing impaired oral intake, prolonged hospital stay, and postponed further treatment. Recently, pylorus resection has been shown to reduce DGE.

Methods:
Patients undergoing PD for any indication at the University of Heidelberg were randomized to either PD with pylorus preservation (PP) or PD with pylorus resection and complete stomach preservation (PR). The primary endpoint was DGE within 30 days according to the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery definition.

Results:
Ninety-five patients were randomized to PP and 93 patients to PR. There were no baseline imbalances between the groups. Overall, 53 of 188 patients (28.2%) developed a DGE (grade: A 15.5%; B 8.8%; C 3.3%). In the PP group 24 of 95 patients (25.3%) and in the PR group 29 of 93 patients (31.2%) developed DGE (odds ratio 1.534, 95% confidence interval 0.788 to 2.987; P = 0.208). Higher BMI, indigestion, and intraabdominal major complications were significant risk factors for DGE.

Conclusions:
In this randomized controlled trial, pylorus resection during PD did not reduce the incidence or severity of DGE. The development of DGE seems to be multifactorial rather than attributable to pyloric dysfunction alone. Pylorus preservation should therefore remain the standard of care in PD.

Trial Registration:
German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00004191
Effect of Phosphorylation of CM2 Protein on Influenza C Virus Replication
Authors: Goto Takanari , Shimotai Yoshitaka , Matsuzaki Yoko , Muraki Yasushi , Sho Ri , Sugawara Kanetsu , Hongo Seiji 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
CM2 is the second membrane protein of the influenza C virus and has been demonstrated to play a role in the uncoating and genome packaging processes in influenza C virus replication. Although the effects of N-linked glycosylation, disulfide-linked oligomerization, and palmitoylation of CM2 on virus replication have been analyzed, the effect of the phosphorylation of CM2 on virus replication remains to be determined. In this study, a phosphorylation site(s) at residue 78 and/or 103 of CM2 was replaced with an alanine residue(s), and the effects of the loss of phosphorylation on influenza C virus replication were analyzed. No significant differences were observed in the packaging of the reporter gene between influenza C virus-like particles (VLPs) produced from 293T cells expressing wild-type CM2 and those from the cells expressing the CM2 mutants lacking the phosphorylation site(s). Reporter gene expression in HMV-II cells infected with VLPs containing the CM2 mutants was inhibited in comparison with that in cells infected with wild-type VLPs. The virus production of the recombinant influenza C virus possessing CM2 mutants containing a serine-to-alanine change at residue 78 was significantly lower than that of wild-type recombinant influenza C virus. Furthermore, the virus growth of the recombinant viruses possessing CM2 with a serine-to-aspartic acid change at position 78, to mimic constitutive phosphorylation, was virtually identical to that of the wild-type virus. These results suggest that phosphorylation of CM2 plays a role in efficient virus replication, probably through the addition of a negative charge to the Ser78 phosphorylation site.

IMPORTANCE
It is well-known that many host and viral proteins are posttranslationally modified by phosphorylation, which plays a role in the functions of these proteins. In influenza A and B viruses, phosphorylation of viral proteins NP, M1, NS1, and the nuclear export protein (NEP), which are not integrated into the membranes, affects the functions of these proteins, thereby affecting virus replication. However, it was reported that phosphorylation of the influenza A virus M2 ion channel protein, which is integrated into the membrane, has no effect on virus replication
in vitro
or
in vivo
. We previously demonstrated that the influenza C virus CM2 ion channel protein is modified by N-glycosylation, oligomerization, palmitoylation, and phosphorylation and have analyzed the effects of these modifications, except phosphorylation, on virus replication. This is the first report demonstrating that phosphorylation of the influenza C virus CM2 ion channel protein, unlike that of the influenza A virus M2 protein, plays a role in virus replication.
Comparing the effectiveness and wash-off resistance of skin barrier creams: a healthy volunteer study
Authors: Dykes P. , Bradbury S. 
Published: September 2017

Objective: Preventing moisture damage and breakdown of the skin can be a particular challenge for patients with incontinence. The level of protection offered by various skin protectant products can vary according to the chemical nature of the formulation and can decrease following wash procedures. The aim of this study was to compare five silicone-containing skin barrier creams indicated for use on incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) in terms of their resistance to a standardised wash cycle in healthy volunteer subjects. Method: A skin surface hygrometer (Skicon 200EX) evaluated skin surface conduction non-invasively on 36 non-patient subjects using a high-frequency (3.5MHz) electric current. This provided an index of the degree of protection given by barrier products after a single application and also any reduction in barrier properties after a repeated wash procedure. Results: Medi Derma-S barrier cream (MDS), Cavilon barrier cream (CBC) and LBF barrier cream (LBF) all demonstrated statistically significant differences (p<0.001) in the Skicon values following the first moisture challenge compared with Medihoney (MH), Remedy barrier cream (RBC) and the untreated control. All other comparisons were not significant (p>0.05). Statistical analysis following four moisture challenges reflected the results following the first, whereby Skicon values following treatment with MDS, CBC and LBF was significantly different compared with MH, RBC and the untreated control. Again, all other comparisons were not significant (p>0.05). When expressed as percentage barrier effectiveness, the results show a similar pattern to the absolute Skicon values. Conclusion: The results of this study show that there were differences between the barrier creams in terms of the initial moisture challenge and the resistance to wash-off following a repeated standardised wash procedure. It was concluded that MDS, CBC and LBF barrier cream all showed significant and equally effective moisture barrier protection and wash-off resistance.