bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiochemical Properties and Probiotic Survivability of Symbiotic Corn‐Based Yogurt‐Like Product
Authors: Wang Cuina , Zheng Huajie , Liu Tingting , Wang Dawei , Guo Mingruo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCorn is a major grain produced in northern China. Corn‐based functional food products are very limited. In this study, a symbiotic corn‐based yogurt‐like product was developed. Corn milk was prepared through grinding, extrusion and milling, and hydration processes. Corn extrudate was prepared under the optimized conditions of corn flour particle size <180 μm, moisture content of 15% and extrusion temperature at 130 °C. The corn milk was prepared from 8% corn extrudate suspension and then milled twice with 0.1% glyceryl monostearate and 0.1% sucrose ester as emulsifiers. The corn milk was mixed with sugar (5%), glucose (2%), soy protein isolate (0.75%), inulin (1%), polymerized whey protein (0.3%) and xanthan gum (0.09%) as thickening agents. The mixture was fermented at 35 °C for 6 h using a probiotic starter culture containing L. plantarum. Chemical composition (%) of the symbiotic corn‐based yogurt‐like product was: total solids (17.13 ± 0.31), protein (1.12 ± 0.03), fat (0.30 ± 0.05), carbohydrates (15.14 ± 0.19), and ash (0.16 ± 0.02), respectively. pH value of this symbiotic product decreased from 4.50 ± 0.03 to 3.88 ± 0.13 and the population of L. plantarum declined from 7.8 ± 0.09 to 7.1 ± 0.14 log CFU/mL during storage at 4 °C. SDS‐PAGE analysis showed that there were no changes in protein profile during storage. Texture and consistency were also stable during the period of this study. It can be concluded that a set‐type corn‐based symbiotic yogurt‐like product with good texture and stability was successfully developed that would be a good alternative to the dairy yogurt.
Formulation, Characterization and Stability Assessment of a Food‐Derived Tripeptide, Leucine‐Lysine‐Proline Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles
Authors: Danish Minna K. , Vozza Giuliana , Byrne Hugh J. , Frias Jesus M. , Ryan Sinéad M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe chicken‐ or fish‐derived tripeptide, leucine‐lysine‐proline (LKP), inhibits the angiotensin converting enzyme and may be used as an alternative treatment for prehypertension. However, it has low permeation across the small intestine. The formulation of LKP into a nanoparticle (NP) has the potential to address this issue. LKP‐loaded NPs were produced using an ionotropic gelation technique, using chitosan (CL113). Following optimization of unloaded NPs, a mixture amount design was constructed using variable concentration of CL113 and tripolyphosphate at a fixed LKP concentration. Resultant particle sizes ranged from 120 to 271 nm, zeta potential values from 29 to 37 mV, and polydispersity values from 0.3 to 0.6. A ratio of 6:1 (CL113:TPP) produced the best encapsulation of approximately 65%. Accelerated studies of the loaded NPs indicated stability under normal storage conditions (room temperature). Cytotoxicity assessment showed no significant loss of cell viability and in vitro release studies indicated an initial burst followed by a slower and sustained release.
Predictors of candesartan's effect on vascular reactivity in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Lee So‐Ryoung , Chae In‐Ho , Kim Hack‐Lyoung , Kang Do‐Yoon , Kim Sang‐Hyun , Kim Hyo‐Soo 
Published: August 2017

SummaryIntroduction and AimsEndothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness have a prognostic value on adverse long‐term outcomes in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. We evaluated the efficacy on vascular reactivity of candesartan and analyzed predictors to control the candesartan's effect on vascular reactivity in CAD patients.MethodPatients were prospectively enrolled and prescribed candesartan for 6 months. The effect on vascular reactivity was evaluated by the change in flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) and pulse wave velocity (PWV).ResultsA total of 124 patients completed the study. The better responder in FMD change (≥1.3%) showed significantly lower baseline FMD than the poor responder (P < .001). In receiver operating characteristic analysis, baseline FMD 7.5% showed optimal predictive value (sensitivity 79%, specificity 79%) for predicting better responder. The baseline endothelial dysfunction (FMD <7.5%) was the only significant predictor of the better responder to candesartan. The better responder in PWV change (≤−100 cm/s) showed greater blood pressure lowering and significantly higher baseline PWV than the poor responder (both P < .05). The poor responder in both FMD and PWV showed a higher prevalence of previous myocardial infarction (38.7% vs 17.2%, P = .013).ConclusionThe candesartan's effect on vascular reactivity is more pronounced in patients with more severe endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness. Poor responders on both FMD and PWV showed higher prevalence of previous myocardial infarction.
Reduced expression of PMCA1 is associated with increased blood pressure with age which is preceded by remodelling of resistance arteries
Authors: Little Robert , Zi Min , Hammad Sally K. , Nguyen Loan , Njegic Alexandra , Kurusamy Sathishkumar , Prehar Sukhpal , Armesilla Angel L. , Neyses Ludwig , Austin Clare , Cartwright Elizabeth J. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryHypertension is a well‐established risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events, and older age is a risk factor for the development of hypertension. Genomewide association studies have linked ATP2B1, the gene for the plasma membrane calcium ATPase 1 (PMCA1), to blood pressure (BP) and hypertension. Here, we present the effects of reduction in the expression of PMCA1 on BP and small artery structure and function when combined with advancing age. Heterozygous PMCA1 null mice (PMCA1Ht) were generated and conscious BP was measured at 6 to 18 months of age. Passive and active properties of isolated small mesenteric arteries were examined by pressure myography. PMCA1Ht mice exhibited normal BP at 6 and 9 months of age but developed significantly elevated BP when compared to age‐matched wild‐type controls at ≥12 months of age. Decreased lumen diameter, increased wall thickness and increased wall:lumen ratio were observed in small mesenteric arteries from animals 9 months of age and older, indicative of eutrophic remodelling. Increases in mesenteric artery intrinsic tone and global intracellular calcium were evident in animals at both 6 and 18 months of age. Thus, decreased expression of PMCA1 is associated with increased BP when combined with advancing age. Changes in arterial structure precede the elevation of BP. Pathways involving PMCA1 may be a novel target for BP regulation in the elderly.
A national, prospective observational study of first recurrence after primary treatment for gynecological cancer in Norway
Authors: Vistad Ingvild , Bjørge Line , Solheim Olesya , Fiane Bent , Sachse Kurt , Tjugum Jostein , Skrøppa Siri , Bentzen Anne G. , Stokstad Trine , Iversen Grete A. , Salvesen Helga B. , Kristensen Gunnar B. , Dørum Anne 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIntroductionGynecological cancer patients are routinely followed up for five years after primary treatment. However, the value of such follow up has been debated, as retrospective studies indicate that first recurrence is often symptomatic and occurs within two to three years of primary treatment. We prospectively investigated time to first recurrence, symptoms at recurrence, diagnostic procedures, and recurrence treatment in gynecological cancer patients after primary curative treatment.Material and methodsClinicians from 21 hospitals in Norway interviewed 680 patients with first recurrence of gynecological cancer (409 ovarian, 213 uterine, and 58 cervical cancer patients) between 2012 and 2016. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect information on self‐reported and clinical variables.ResultsWithin two years of primary treatment, 72% of ovarian, 64% of uterine, and 66% of cervical cancer patients were diagnosed with first recurrence, and 54, 67, and 72%, respectively, had symptomatic recurrence. Of symptomatic patients, 25–50% failed to make an appointment before their next scheduled follow‐up visit. Computer tomography was the most common diagnostic procedure (89% of ovarian, 76% of uterine, and 62% of cervical cancer patients), and recurrence treatment in terms of chemotherapy was most frequently planned (86% of ovarian, 46% of uterine, and 62% of cervical cancer patients).ConclusionsA majority of patients experienced symptomatic recurrence, but many patients failed to make an appointment earlier than scheduled. Most first recurrences occurred within two years of primary treatment; the mean annual incidence rate for years 3–5 after primary treatment was <7%. New models for follow up of gynecological cancer patients could be considered.
The acute effect of beta‐guanidinopropionic acid versus creatine or placebo in healthy men (ABC‐Trial): A randomized controlled first‐in‐human trial
Authors: Karamat Fares A. , Horjus Deborah L. , Haan Yentl C. , van der Woude Lisa , Schaap Marianne C. , Oudman Inge , van Montfrans Gert A. , Nieuwland Rienk , Salomons Gajja S. , Clark Joseph F. , Brewster Lizzy M. 
Published: August 2017

AimsIncreasing evidence indicates that the ATP‐generating enzyme creatine kinase (CK) is involved in hypertension. CK rapidly regenerates ATP from creatine phosphate and ADP. Recently, it has been shown that beta‐guanidinopropionic acid (GPA), a kidney‐synthesized creatine analogue and competitive CK inhibitor, reduced blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. To further develop the substance as a potential blood pressure‐lowering agent, we assessed the tolerability of a sub‐therapeutic GPA dose in healthy men.MethodsIn this active and placebo‐controlled, triple‐blind, single‐centre trial, we recruited 24 healthy men (18–50 years old, BMI 18.5–29.9 kg m−2) in the Netherlands. Participants were randomized (1:1:1) to one week daily oral administration of GPA 100 mg, creatine 5 g, or matching placebo. The primary outcome was the tolerability of GPA, in an intent‐to‐treat analysis.ResultsTwenty‐four randomized participants received the allocated intervention and 23 completed the study. One participant in the placebo arm dropped out for personal reasons. GPA was well tolerated, without serious or severe adverse events. No abnormalities were reported with GPA use in clinical safety parameters, including physical examination, laboratory studies, or 12‐Lead ECG. At day 8, mean plasma GPA was 213.88 (SE 0.07) in the GPA arm vs. 32.75 (0.00) nmol l−1 in the placebo arm, a mean difference of 181.13 (95% CI 26.53–335.72).ConclusionIn this first‐in‐human trial, low‐dose GPA was safe and well‐tolerated when used during 1 week in healthy men. Subsequent studies should focus on human pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic assessments with different doses.
A systematic literature review of the use of Semantic Web technologies in formal education
Authors: Jensen Jesper 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a systematic literature review of research focused on use of Semantic Web technologies in formal educational contexts. Through systematic search, the review has identified 199 research articles, which are examined with the intention of identifying prevalent themes within the body of research within the field of formal educational use of Semantic Web technologies. The themes identified by the review are: (1) Semantic Web ontologies; (2) Efficient distribution, accessibility, retrieval, reuse and combination of educational resources; (3) Linked Data; (4) Semantic Web enhanced virtual learning environments and personalization of learning environments; (5) Semantic Web learning objects; (6) Evaluation, feedback and assessment; (7) Semantic Web services; (8) Pedagogical tools for teachers and students. Furthermore, this review seeks to examine how these themes and the use of Semantic Web technologies in formal education reflects on the ongoing discussion of how pedagogy and technology should interact. The outset of this discussion is a previous study by Dirckinck‐Holmfeld, which establishes that there is a tendency to emphasize technology over pedagogy in educational design and development.
Tracking sand‐fairways through a deformed turbidite system: the Numidian (Miocene) of Central Sicily, Italy
Authors: Pinter Patricia R. , Butler Robert W. H. , Hartley Adrian J. , Maniscalco Rosanna , Baldassini Niccolò , Di Stefano Agata 
Published: August 2017

AbstractUnderstanding ancient deep‐water sedimentary systems that accumulated at complex plate boundaries requires confronting the stratigraphic record of deformed sedimentary successions by tracking sand‐fairways and identifying original relationships in later deformed sequences. Here, we investigate the Numidian turbidite system (early to mid‐Miocene) of Central‐East Sicily to explore a deep‐water sedimentary system deposited at an active thrust belt on the Central Mediterranean. Turbidites include multi‐metre thick‐bedded, ultra‐mature quartz sandstones that were sourced from North Africa and are now deformed and dismembered within the Apennine‐Maghrebian orogen. To date, much research has focused on the little‐deformed sections that sample discrete parts of the original turbidite pathways. Yet the bulk of these systems are represented by deformed successions and these have attracted little modern sedimentological and stratigraphic investigation. We present new data based on field mapping, sedimentological/structural fieldwork, and biostratigraphy (planktonic foraminifera and nannofossils) that focus on the Numidian turbidites of Central‐East Sicily. Thickness and facies variations, together with evidence of large‐scale sediment bypass and local substrate reworking, characterize the Numidian turbidites of the study area, consistent with a partially confined turbidite system. Our work demonstrates that the Numidian turbidite system accumulated across active structures and these provided tortuous, evolving corridors through which turbidity currents were routed, transporting coarse sand over many hundreds of km. These results provide insight on structurally confined turbidites in analogous tectonic settings and demonstrate the need to seek sedimentological and stratigraphic data from deformed and dismembered parts of deep‐water systems.
Coupling factors and exosomal packaging microRNAs involved in the regulation of bone remodelling
Authors: Zhu Sipin , Yao Felix , Qiu Heng , Zhang Ge , Xu Huazi , Xu Jiake 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTBone remodelling is a continuous process by which bone resorption by osteoclasts is followed by bone formation by osteoblasts to maintain skeletal homeostasis. These two forces must be tightly coordinated not only quantitatively, but also in time and space, and its malfunction leads to diseases such as osteoporosis. Recent research focusing on the cross‐talk and coupling mechanisms associated with the sequential recruitment of osteoblasts to areas where osteoclasts have removed bone matrix have identified a number of osteogenic factors produced by the osteoclasts themselves. Osteoclast‐derived factors and exosomal‐containing microRNA (miRNA) can either enhance or inhibit osteoblast differentiation through paracrine and juxtacrine mechanisms, and therefore may have a central coupling role in bone formation. Entwined with angiocrine factors released by vessel‐specific endothelial cells and perivascular cells or pericytes, these factors play a critical role in angiogenesis–osteogenesis coupling essential in bone remodelling.
Complex genetic control of lung tumorigenesis in resistant mice strains
Authors: Dassano Alice , Pintarelli Giulia , Cotroneo Chiara E. , Pettinicchio Angela , Forcati Elena , De Cecco Loris , Borrego Andrea , Colombo Francesca , Dragani Tommaso A. , Manenti Giacomo 
Published: August 2017

The SM/J mouse strain is resistant to chemically‐induced lung tumorigenesis despite having a haplotype, in the pulmonary adenoma susceptibility locus (Pas1) locus, that confers tumor susceptibility in other strains. To clarify this inconsistent genotype‐phenotype correlation, we crossed SM/J mice with another resistant strain and conducted genome‐wide linkage analysis in the (C57BL/6J × SM/J)F2 progeny exposed to urethane to induce lung tumors. Overall, >80% of F2 mice of both sexes developed from 1 to 20 lung tumors. Genotyping of 372 F2 mice for 744 informative non‐redundant SNPs dispersed over all autosomal chromosomes revealed four quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting lung tumor multiplicity, on chromosomes 3 (near rs13477379), 15 (rs6285067), 17 (rs33373629) and 18 (rs3706601), all with logarithm of the odds (LOD) scores >5. Four QTLs modulated total lung tumor volume, on chromosome 3 (rs13477379), 10 (rs13480702), 15 (rs6285067) and 17 (rs3682923), all with LOD scores >4. No QTL modulating lung tumor multiplicity or total volume was detected in Pas1 on chromosome 6. The present study demonstrates that the SM/J strain carries, at the Pas1 locus, the resistance allele: a finding that will facilitate identification of the Pas1 causal element. More generally, it demonstrates that lung tumorigenesis is under complex polygenic control even in a pedigree with low susceptibility to this neoplasia, suggesting that the genetics of lung tumorigenesis is much more complex than evidenced by the pulmonary adenoma susceptibility and resistance loci that have, so far, been mapped in a small number of crosses between a few inbred strains.
Specific Preschool Executive Functions Predict Unique Aspects of Mathematics Development: A 3‐Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Simanowski Stefanie , Krajewski Kristin 
Published: August 2017

This study assessed the extent to which executive functions (EF), according to their factor structure in 5‐year‐olds (N = 244), influenced early quantity–number competencies, arithmetic fluency, and mathematics school achievement throughout first and second grades. A confirmatory factor analysis resulted in updating as a first, and inhibition and shifting as a combined second factor. In the structural equation model, updating significantly affected knowledge of the number word sequence, suggesting a facilitatory effect on basic encoding processes in numerical materials that can be learnt purely by rote. Shifting and inhibition significantly influenced quantity to number word linkages, indicating that these processes promote developing a profound understanding of numbers. These results show the supportive role of specific EF for specific aspects of a numerical foundation.
Role of handedness on forearm skin tissue dielectric constant (TDC) in relation to detection of early‐stage breast cancer‐related lymphedema
Authors: Mayrovitz Harvey N. , Fasen Madeline , Spagna Paige , Wong Jennifer 
Published: August 2017

Summaryskin tissue dielectric constant (TDC) measurements help assess local skin water to detect incipient early‐stage lymphedema subsequent to breast cancer treatment‐related lymphedema. However, presurgery measurements are not always obtained and assessments for evolving lymphedema are only made after surgery. Thus, subsequent TDC assessments may be biased in an unknown way dependent on a patient's handedness in relation to the at‐risk arm. We investigated this issue by comparing TDC values in dominant and non‐dominant volar forearms of 31 left‐handed women and 31 right‐handed women (age range 24–84 years). Body fat and water percentages were assessed by bioimpedance at 50 KHz. Results showed that TDC values of dominant versus non‐dominant arms did not significantly differ for left‐handers or for right‐handers. There was also no statistically significant difference in absolute TDC values between left‐ and right‐handers or a statistically significant difference in dominant‐to‐non‐dominant arm ratios between left‐ and right‐handers. For the composite data set (N = 62), TDC values for dominant and non‐dominant arms were, respectively, 30·0 ± 4·6 and 29·6 ± 4·2 and the dominant‐to‐non‐dominant arm TDC ratio for combined left‐ and right‐handers was 1·015 ± 0·075. These results suggest that handedness is not a major factor when assessing lymphedema status in women who have previously been treated for breast cancer but for whom pretreatment TDCvalues have not been obtained. Moreover, these results suggest that threshold ratios of incipient subclinical unilateral lymphedema based on interarm TDC ratios apply independent of a patient's handedness for the site and tissue depths herein measured.
Feasibility study in teledermatopathology: An examination of the histopathologic features of mycosis fungoides and spongiotic dermatitis
Authors: Fertig Raymond M , Gaudi Sudeep , Cervantes Jessica , Maddy Austin , Sangueza Omar , Vu John , Ho Jonhan , Jukic Drazen M 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundDigital pathology offers numerous advantages, allowing remote information sharing using whole slide imaging (WSI) to digitize an entire glass slide (GS) at high resolution, creating a digital slide (DS).MethodsIn this study, we examine the concordance in diagnoses made on 40 digital slides (DSs) vs traditional GSs in differentiating between spongiotic dermatitis (SD) and patch/plaque‐stage mycosis fungoides (MF).ResultsGreater interobserver concordance rate in final diagnosis of SD vs MF was observed with the utilization of DS (86.7%) compared with the utilization of GS (80%). Intraobserver concordance rate between the diagnoses rendered by a particular dermatopathologist on GS and DS was 86.7%. For all histopathological criteria, a correlation in the magnitudes of interobserver vs intraobserver discordances suggests that discordance between glass vs digital evaluation of these criteria may be largely expected subjective read variation independent of the media. Discordance in identification of histopathological features did not have a statistically significant link to discordance in diagnosis for 7 out of the 8 features.ConclusionsThe similarity between interobserver and intraobserver discordances suggests that WSI does not introduce additional barriers or variability to accurately identify histopathologic feature and to discriminate between MF and SD beyond interobserver variability.
Marx on the compatibility of freedom and necessity: A reply to David James
Authors: Kandiyali Jan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn a recent paper, David James argues for a new understanding of the compatibility of freedom and necessity in Marx's idea of a communist society. According to James, such compatibility has less to do with anything distinctive about the nature of labour and more to do with how communist producers organize the sphere of material production. In this paper, I argue that James provides a nuanced and plausible account of one part of Marx's story of the compatibility of freedom and necessity in communist society but that his account misses another, and, in my view, more fundamental part of the story. The part I have in mind centres on Marx's claim that communist producers achieve their freedom through the performance of necessary labour—by helping others to satisfy their needs. I argue that Marx is committed to a stronger claim than James wishes to make, namely, that freedom and necessity are not merely compatible but that participation in the realm of necessity is required for human freedom.