bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy mutations on power output by human β-cardiac myosin
Authors: Spudich James A. , Aksel Tural , Bartholomew Sadie R. , Nag Suman , Kawana Masataka , Yu Elizabeth Choe , Sarkar Saswata S. , Sung Jongmin , Sommese Ruth F. , Sutton Shirley , Cho Carol , Adhikari Arjun S. , Taylor Rebecca , Liu Chao , Trivedi Darshan , Ruppel Kathleen M. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most frequently occurring inherited cardiovascular disease, with a prevalence of more than one in 500 individuals worldwide. Genetically acquired dilated cardiomyopathy is a related disease that is less prevalent. Both are caused by mutations in the genes encoding the fundamental force-generating protein machinery of the cardiac muscle sarcomere, including human β-cardiac myosin, the motor protein that powers ventricular contraction. Despite numerous studies, most performed with non-human or non-cardiac myosin, there is no clear consensus about the mechanism of action of these mutations on the function of human β-cardiac myosin. We are using a recombinantly expressed human β-cardiac myosin motor domain along with conventional and new methodologies to characterize the forces and velocities of the mutant myosins compared with wild type. Our studies are extending beyond myosin interactions with pure actin filaments to include the interaction of myosin with regulated actin filaments containing tropomyosin and troponin, the roles of regulatory light chain phosphorylation on the functions of the system, and the possible roles of myosin binding protein-C and titin, important regulatory components of both cardiac and skeletal muscles.
Nebulin, a multi-functional giant
Authors: Chu Miensheng , Gregorio Carol C. , Pappas Christopher T. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Efficient muscle contraction in skeletal muscle is predicated on the regulation of actin filament lengths. In one long-standing model that was prominent for decades, the giant protein nebulin was proposed to function as a ‘molecular ruler’ to specify the lengths of the thin filaments. This theory was questioned by many observations, including experiments in which the length of nebulin was manipulated in skeletal myocytes; this approach revealed that nebulin functions to stabilize filamentous actin, allowing thin filaments to reach mature lengths. In addition, more recent data, mostly from in vivo models and identification of new interacting partners, have provided evidence that nebulin is not merely a structural protein. Nebulin plays a role in numerous cellular processes including regulation of muscle contraction, Z-disc formation, and myofibril organization and assembly.
The role of gp130 receptor cytokines in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis
Authors: Cron Lena , Allen Tamara , Febbraio Mark A. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
It is well known that obesity is responsible, at least in part, for the increased incidence of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer. Despite public education programs emphasizing lifestyle modifications to arrest this global pandemic, it is now estimated that 10–15% of the world's population are overweight or obese. As a result, new therapeutic options for the treatment of obesity-related disorders are clearly warranted. Much of the benefit of physical activity has been attributed to several mechanisms including reduced adiposity, increased cardiorespiratory fitness, reduced circulating lipids and the maintenance of muscle mass. However, the observation that the gp130 receptor cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) was released from skeletal muscle during exercise to improve metabolic homeostasis altered our understanding of the health benefits of exercise and opened avenues for research into potential novel therapeutics to treat metabolic disease. One gp130 receptor cytokine in particular, ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), a pluripotent neurocytokine, showed efficacy as a potential anti-obesogenic therapy. This review examines the potential of gp130 receptor ligands, with a focus on IL-6 and CNTF as therapeutic strategies to treat obesity-related disorders.
The role of an ancestral hyperpolarization activated cyclic nucleotide-gated K+-channel in branchial acid-base regulation in the green crab,Carcinus maenas(L.)
Authors: Fehsenfeld Sandra , Weihrauch Dirk 
Published: January 2016

Numerous electrophysiological studies on branchial K+‑transport in Brachyuran crabs established an important role for potassium channels in osmoregulatory ion uptake and ammonia excretion in the gill epithelium of decapod crustaceans. However, hardly anything is known of the actual nature of these channels in crustaceans.In the present study, the identification of a hyperpolarization activated cyclic nucleotide-gated potassium channel (HCN) in the transcriptome of the green crab Carcinus maenas and subsequent performance of quantitative real-time PCR revealed the ubiquitous expression of this channel in this species. Even though mRNA expression levels in the cerebral ganglion were found to be approximately 10‑times higher compared to all other tissues, posterior gills still expressed significant levels of HCN, indicating an important role for this transporter in branchial ion regulation.The relatively unspecific K+-channel inhibitor Ba2+ as well as the HCN-specific blocker ZD7288 as applied in gill perfusion experiments and electrophysiological studies employing the split gill lamellae revealed the presence of at least two different K+/NH4+-transporting structures in the branchial epithelium of C. maenas. Furthermore, HCN mRNA levels in posterior gill #7 decreased significantly in response to the respiratory or metabolic acidosis that was induced by acclimation of green crabs to high environmental pCO2 and ammonia, respectively. Consequently, the present study provides first evidence for HCN‑promoted NH4+ epithelial transport to be involved in both, branchial acid-base and ammonia regulation in an invertebrate.
Effects of Classroom Acoustics on Teachers' Voices
Authors: Rantala Leena M. , Sala Eeva 
Published: January 2016

The aim of the study was to research associations between classroom acoustic parameters and teachers' voice use and vocal health (N = 40). From voice samples, sound pressure level (SPL), fundamental frequency ( F0), and the tilt of spectrum slope were analysed. Information on voice symptoms was collected by means of questionnaires. Room acoustic variables were reverberation times (T60, EDT), sound attenuation (DL2) and parameters measuring how well speech is perceived (C50, D50, STI). The associations between the variables were studied for the whole group and separately for quiet and noisy classrooms. The results showed that all the room acoustic variables measured correlated with a teacher's voice variables. Voice SPL was influential especially in the noisy classrooms and F0 in the quiet classes. A teacher's vocal health was poorer if the room acoustic variables indicated better listening conditions. The findings suggest that good listening conditions do not necessarily imply good speaking conditions in classrooms.
Is It Necessary to Tax Dividends?
Authors: Парасоцкая  , Parasotskaya N. 
Published: January 2016

Federal Law of 24.11.2014 № 366-FZ eff ective 01.01.2015 has changed taxation of individual income received
as dividends. Th e author tries to answer currently pressing questions: is it at all necessary to tax dividends and how will
these amendments to the Tax Code aff ect Russian economy?
Bleeding through, drawing out: The circumscribing of Jewish women’s bodies in Leela Corman’s Unterzakhn
Authors: Scherr Rebecca 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Leela Corman’s 2012 graphic novel Unterzakhn is a historical work that depicts the difficult lives of the Feinberg family, Jewish immigrants living in the tenements of New York at the turn on the twentieth century. Focusing on the lives of the Feinberg women, Corman positions their particular bodily vulnerabilities as central for understanding Jewish female embodiment more generally, especially in the context of immigration and integration. In this article, I examine two different but interrelated ways that Corman utilizes the comics form to explore vulnerability in terms of bodily identity formation: in her various methods of ‘visualizing silence’, she shows how bodily and familial trauma become imprinted and muted in the body; and through her careful deployment of drawing Jewish stereotypes, she illustrates the effects of the ‘marked’ body within the majority culture. In Unterzakhn, these artistic strategies display the highly complex internal and external dynamics of bodily life.
Contested spaces in graphic narrative: Exploring homeland through Miriam Libicki’s Jobnik!: An American Girl’s Adventures in the Israeli Army
Authors: Kavaloski Laini 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
‘Contested spaces in graphic narrative’ argues that spatiality in graphic narratives is conducive to restructuring fraught landscapes. Through an exploration of the contested homelands of the Israeli Palestinian conflict in Miriam Libicki’s Jobnik!: An American Girl’s Adventures in the Israeli Army (2008), this article argues that graphic narratives have a unique ability to depict geographical spaces through lines, panels and various artistic devices. Like maps, such lines and boxes on a page physically create borders and represent corresponding location as bounded; they may represent existing political divisions, or they may subvert and push state-drawn boundaries. These devices within the graphic form open up a recognition of the ways that boundaries obfuscate the multifaceted representations of identity that include multiple nationalisms, ideological discontinuities, as well as human-centred spatial connections. Graphic form, then, becomes a landscape that allows for a complex visual understanding of affective attachment to the state through possibilities of graphic, bordered texts that cut across traditional understandings of territoriality and occupation. Libicki’s status as an outsider and as a woman in the Israel Defense Forces emphasizes her position of precarity in traditional conceptions of the Biblical Jewish homeland as well as in Israel, the modern Jewish state.
Intertextuality, authenticity and Gonzo Selves in Anya Ulinich’s Lena Finkle’s Magic Barrel
Authors: Brauner David 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This article traces the intertextual relationships between Anya Ulinich’s graphic novel Lena Finkle’s Magic Barrel, Bernard Malamud’s short story ‘The Magic Barrel’ and a number of works by Philip Roth. Through these relationships and her construction of a number of variations on what Miriam Libicki has called a ‘gonzo self’ Ulinich explores the tensions between life and art, fact and fiction, and autobiography and the novel, mediating the aesthetic imperatives of what Roth has called the ‘written world’ and the ethical obligations of the ‘unwritten world’ in order to arrive at an authentic sense of herself as an artist and writer.
Tangles: An interview with Sarah Leavitt
Authors: Bauer Heike 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Sarah Leavitt is an artist, cartoonist and writer, and a member of the Creative Writing Department at the University of British Columbia. Her comics and prose works have appeared in magazines, newspapers and anthologies in Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom. Tangles: A Story about Alzheimer’s, My Mother and Me (2010) is her first book. The following interview was conducted through Skype on 19 May 2015. It discusses the book, its making, reception and translation.
‘Graphic Details’
Authors: Stewart Keara 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
I was invited to visually document and respond to the ‘Graphic Details Symposium’ at JW3. Through my association with Laydeez do Comics, who had an evening slot at the symposium, I felt an intimate and personal connection to the subject matter and speakers. For this work, my process involved live drawing of the speakers and their slides. Also included are responses to the illustrative works associated with the event, the exhibition newspaper/catalogue and ‘Graphic Details’ text, edited by Sarah Lightman. For me, drawing them allows me to absorb a different aspect of the work. The themes that resonated with me from the symposium were those of memory and vulnerability. Responding to these themes through the fragility and immediacy of live drawing, and the nostalgia and immediacy of Polaroid photographs ties in with my drawing style of capturing a moment.
Links Between Surgical Landmarks of the Temporal Bone and Cochlear Implant Approaches
Authors: Gabriel Lostun , Elena Guşavan Diana , Ionela Genes , Alexandra Lostun , Klara Brînzaniuc 
Published: January 2016

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to underline the surgical importance of the distances between the landmarks of the temporal bone, important for quantifying the benefits and disadvantages of two different cochlear implant techniques.

Methods: We have gathered all data from the Radiology Department in Emergency County Hospital in Tîrgu Mureș, namely computed tomography imagistic studies in order to perform the required measurements, according to pre-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria. The time interval was 5 months.

Results: The comparison between the sets of data shows a good match for the risk/benefit ratio for the two types of technique for cochlear implantation.

Conclusions: The middle cerebral fossa approach for the electrode insertion into the cochlea is a viable and needed surgical technique as the classic approach has reached its boundaries and new challenges appear. As surgical decisions are largely based on radiology data, our work underlines the importance of solving the borderline pathology, the extreme cases and the role of surgery in improving the quality of life for every patient with cochlear implant indication.
Prevalence of Physiological, Pathological and Behavioral Risk Factors in Patients Treated with Antidiabetic Sulfonylureas
Authors: Luminita Confederat , Roxana Stefan , Sandra Constantin , Monica Hăncianu , Lenuta Profire 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is an important public health problem because of its increased incidence and its devastating complications. In addition to this, it was observed an increase in prevalence for diabetes risk factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of the pathophysiological and behavioral risk factors among patients treated with oral hypoglycemic sulfonylureas.

Material and methods: It were analyzed the observation sheets of 200 patients ambulatory treated at the “Providența” Medical Center.

Results and discussions: Most of the patients were aged over 65 years, being 48.5% women and 51.5% men. The obesity was the most frequent (88%) risk factor in patients; the majority of them were included in the “overweight” and “first- degree obesity” class (72%). Regarding associated comorbidities, hypertension was found in 77% of cases, followed by dyslipidemia. In terms of physiological and behavioral aspects, age and alcohol consumption were predominant.

Conclusions: A significant percentage of diabetic patients treated with hypoglycemic sulfonylureas present a high prevalence of the risk factors and even two or three factors associated.
Quinolone Antibacterials: Commentary and Considerations Regarding UV Spectra and Chemical Structure
Authors: Aura Rusu , Silvia Imre , Eleonora Mircia , Gabriel Hancu 
Published: January 2016

Abstract

Objective: Antibacterial quinolones represent an important class of pharmaceutical compounds that are widely used in therapy. Analytical methods that rely on their property to absorb light in the UV range are commonly used for their analysis. In the current study we present an interpretation of the relationship between chemical structure – UV spectra based on the comparative examination of UV spectral behavior of the eighteen quinolone derivatives and four model compounds.

Methods: Eighteen quinolone derivatives and four model compounds were selected and their UV spectra were recorded in different solvents (methanol, 0.1M HCl, 0.1M NaOH).

Results: The studied compounds show three absorption maximum values located around 210-230 nm, 270-300 nm and 315-330 nm values. A general characteristic was observed as the absorption bands exhibited both hypsochrome and bathochrome shifts, by comparison in different solvents. Most commonly we observed a slight hypsochrome shift at acidic pH (protonated form prevails) and basic pH (anionic form prevails). The structural differences are reflected in changes of UV spectra only when there are auxochrom substituents or different basic substituents are present in the quinolones structure.

Conclusions: The correlations between the chemical structure of quinolone derivatives and their UV spectra using model compounds were established. This study provides useful information that can be used successfully in various UV spectrophotometric analysis methods or in more complex analytical methods using UV detection, and also in pharmacodynamic and kinetic studies.
Efficacy of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in Diagnosis of Salivary Gland Tumors
Authors: Alina Iacob , Anca Sin , Tibor Mezei , Simona Mocan , Alina Ormenisan , Mariana Tilinca 
Published: January 2016

Abstract

Introduction: Masses of the head and neck comprise a variety of benign and malignant tumors and tumor-like conditions, which may present diagnostic challenges to the surgeon and pathologist as well. Fine needle aspiration cytology is considered to be a valuable diagnostic tool used for preoperative evaluation of various masses in the head and neck region. However, its role is quite controversial for salivary gland tumour evaluation. This study was aimed to evaluate salivary gland fine-needle aspiration cytology for sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy in our medical center.

Material and method: The present study included 58 patients with different salivary gland lesions who underwent preoperative fine-needle aspiration procedure followed by surgical procedure and histological examination. The cytological findings were compared with the final histological diagnosis and concordance assessed.

Results: Of the 58 cases with salivary gland lesions, most of them involved parotid gland (72.41%), 91.38% were neoplasms and 8.62% were non-neoplastic lesions. Out of 53 neoplasms, 39 were benign and 14 were malignant salivary gland tumors. The sensitivity and a specificity of fine-needle aspiration cytology in differentiation malignancies from benign lesions was 100% and 97.73% respectively. In some situations cytological features could not provide correct tumor characterization.

Conclusions: Fine-needle aspiration cytology is a simple and reliable technique for preoperative evaluation of salivary gland tumors with a high sensitivity diagnosis of malignant tumors, but a lower tumor type characterization. Due to the minimally invasive nature of the technique, fine-needle aspiration cytology offers valuable information for planning of subsequent therapeutic management.
Engineering and integration of automation devices in I40 systems
Authors: Diedrich Christian , Riedl Matthias 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The German project “Industrie 4.0” requests for new concepts which fulfill the requirements of digital based production. One of these
concepts is the industry 4.0 component (I40 component). This paper describes the architecture and application fields of I40
components. It is shown how device description technology is used to build an I40 component. This is a solid basis to integrate
automation devices in I40 systems.
Kollisionsfreie Längs- und Quertrajektorienplanung unter Berücksichtigung fahrzeugspezifischer Potenziale
Authors: Rathgeber Christian , Winkler Franz , Müller Steffen 
Published: January 2016

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird ein Planungsansatz für teil- und hochautomatisierte Fahrfunktionen
vorgestellt. Die Planungsaufgabe wird dabei von zwei Teilsystemen durchgeführt. Eine semi-globale Grobplanung gibt den Zielbereich
vor, während eine lokale Trajektorienplanung den Verlauf der Trajektorie plant. Der vorgestellte Ansatz generiert Trajektorien, die
Kollisionsfreiheit mit umliegenden Objekten gewährleisten. Gleichzeitig werden fahrdynamische Randbedingungen (wie ein begrenzter
Reibwert) oder Aktuatorbegrenzungen berücksichtigt, sodass die geplante Trajektorie von der unterlagerten Regelung umsetzbar ist. Eine
große Herausforderung in diesem Bereich stellt die Umsetzung auf Seriensteuergeräten dar, die in ihrer Rechenkapazität begrenzt sind.
Koordination vernetzter Fahrzeuge an einer Fahrbahnzusammenführung
Authors: Mosebach Andrej , Röchner Simon , Lunze Jan 
Published: January 2016

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird ein dezentraler Algorithmus zur Koordination vernetzter
Fahrzeuge an einer Fahrbahnzusammenführung entwickelt. Zur Fahrzeugführung
wird erstmals eine Kombination aus einer Abstandsregelung und einer Steuerung
mit polynomialer Trajektorienplanung verwendet. Dieser Ansatz zeichnet sich im
Gegensatz zu bisherigen Arbeiten durch einen geringen Kommunikationsaufwand
aus. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Fahrzeuge mit dem hier beschriebenen
Algorithmus Sicherheitsanforderungen einhalten. Simulationsergebnisse
illustrieren die Wirksamkeit des Algorithmus.
Racial Group Affinity and Religious Giving: Evidence from Congregation-Level Panel Data
Authors: Dimitrova-Grajzl Valentina , Grajzl Peter , Guse A. Joseph , Smith J. Taylor 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Since giving to religious organizations constitutes a substantial portion of total charitable giving, an understanding of the determinants of religious giving is a vital policy concern. Drawing on a novel congregation-level panel dataset, we examine whether religious giving is driven by preferences for racial group affinity, that is, loyalty to one’s own racial group. To address endogeneity concerns, we combine a fixed effects estimation framework with an instrumental variable approach. We find robust evidence consistent with the racial group affinity motive: a decrease in the percent of whites in the local community is ceteris paribus associated with a decrease in the total giving receipts collected by predominantly white congregations. The magnitude of this effect does not vary with the extent of racial residential segregation in the community. The effect, however, is driven by the congregations in urban (as opposed to rural) communities. We offer a possible explanation for this result.
Selected Applications of Scale Spaces in Microscopic Image Analysis
Authors: Prodanov Dimiter , Konopczynski Tomasz , Trojnar Maciej 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Image segmentation methods can be classified broadly into two classes: intensity-based and geometry-based. Edge detection is the base of many geometry-based segmentation approaches. Scale space theory represents a systematic treatment of the issues of spatially uncorrelated noise with its main application being the detection of edges, using multiple resolution scales, which can be used for subsequent segmentation, classification or encoding. The present paper will give an overview of some recent applications of scale spaces into problems of microscopic image analysis. Particular overviews will be given to Gaussian and alpha-scale spaces. Some applications in the analysis of biomedical images will be presented. The implementation of filters will be demonstrated.
Statistical Synthesis of Robust Signal Detection Algorithms under Conditions of Aprioristic Uncertainty
Authors: Prokopenko I. G. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The paper deals with the problem of synthesis of a robust detection algorithm for a harmonic signal on the background of correlated noise and impulse noise. The problem is solved using the empirical Bayes approach and the Tukey model of “pollution”. The efficiency of the algorithm is investigated by the Monte-Carlo method.