bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystal chemistry of K-tourmalines from the Kumdy-Kol microdiamond deposit, Kokchetav Massif, Kazakhstan
Authors: Celata Beatrice , Bosi Ferdinando , Musiyachenko Kira A. , Korsakov Andrey V. , Andreozzi Giovanni B. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract. Selected crystals of natural K-bearing tourmalines, extracted from a quartzofeldspathic rock from the Kumdy-Kol microdiamond deposit (an ultrahigh-pressure region of Kokchetav Massif, northern Kazakhstan), were characterized using a scanning electron microscope, an electron microprobe and single-crystal X-ray diffraction to investigate the impact of K uptake on the tourmaline structure. All the studied crystals belong to the maruyamaite–oxy-dravite/dravite compositional field, with K contents ranging from 0.03 to 0.47 apfu (atoms per formula unit), and contain a minor fluor-uvite component that increases towards oxy-dravite and dravite. The compositional variability of our samples can be expressed as a sequence of substitutions ranging from maruyamaite to oxy-dravite, dravite and fluor-uvite (or vice versa). Specifically, the substitutions that lead from maruyamaite to oxy-dravite to dravite are (1) XK + AlTOT + O1O ↔ XNa + MgTOT + O1O and (2) XNa + MgTOT + O1O ↔ XNa + MgTOT + O1OH, respectively. Conversely, the substitutions that lead from oxy-dravite to dravite to fluor-uvite are (1) XNa + MgTOT + O1O ↔ XNa + MgTOT + O1OH and (2) XNa + MgTOT + O1OH ↔ XCa + MgTOT + O1F, respectively. By analysing the difference between the bond valence sum and mean formal charge at the X site, we show that an increase in the K content (K > 0.21 apfu) results in the compression of X–O bonds (overbonded cation). Conversely, lower K contents lead to the stretching of the bonds (underbonded cation). Compared to the K-dominant analogues with ZFeO6 povondraite-type framework, K-bearing tourmalines with a smaller ZAlO6 framework such as maruyamaite should only be stable at higher-pressure conditions, as pressure is necessary to squeeze the relatively large K cation into the tighter X cavity. In both cases, the essential condition for the formation of K-dominant tourmalines is the extremely high K activity in the crystallization fluid. The K-tourmaline from the Kokchetav Massif may have crystallized under high-pressure (HP) conditions, with an upper limit between 3.5–7 GPa, during retrograde metamorphism following the ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic peak.
Remembering Paul Sohar
Authors: Niessen James P. , Dropick Anne , Böszörményi Zoltán 
Published: September 2024

Paul Sohar (1936-2023) was a longtime member of AHEA. It was after he retired from corporate employment that he became active in literature and in AHEA. We are pleased to bring two original contributions in this tribute to our late colleague. Anne Dropick interviewed Paul at our Quinnipiac conference in 2023 and contributed his recollections about his flight from Hungary and settlement in the US. Paul Sohar worked with Zoltán Böszörményi on the translation of many of his works, including a novel that appeared in Paul’s 2019 translation as The Refugee. The novel recounts the flight and camp life of a refugee who could be a Hungarian in 1956 Austria.
Uso de biofertilizante produzido a partir de resíduos sólidos biodegradáveis de restaurante na fertilização orgânica da alface
Authors: Araújo Narcísio Cabral de , Santos Fernando Silva dos , Coura Mônica de Amorim , Ramos Jailton Garcia , Oliveira Suenildo Jósemo Costa , Bandeira Francisco de Assis 
Published: September 2024

A reciclagem de nutrientes contidos em biofertilizante produzido a partir do tratamento de resíduos sólidos biodegradáveis é uma alternativa para a nutrição de plantas cultivada em sistema orgânico de produção agrícola. Neste contexto, esta pesquisa objetivou avaliar o crescimento e a produção da alface fertilizado com biofertilizante obtido a partir do tratamento anaeróbio de resíduos sólidos biodegradáveis de um restaurante. O experimento foi conduzido em uma casa de vegetação, utilizando delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com a cultivar da Alface Crespa Grand Rapids, submetido a fertilização com doses de 0,0; 121; 242; 363; 484; 605; 726; 847; 968; 1089 e 1210 mL/planta de biofertilizante, que foram aplicados em função da quantidade de água retida no solo. Aos 28 dias após o transplantio, foram avaliados diâmetro caulinar, número de folhas, massas frescas da parte aérea e comercial, massas secas da parte aérea e total. A análise de variância constatou que todas as variáveis estudadas foram influenciadas significativamente (p < 0,01) pelos tratamentos aplicados. A análise de regressão constatou que o modelo matemático que melhor descreveu o comportamento de todas as variáveis estudadas, foi o linear decrescente, ou seja, até a dosagem de 242 mL/planta, as variáveis foram influenciadas positivamente. Concluiu-se que as dosagens de biofertilizante superiores 242 mL/planta da capacidade de campo afetou negativamente as variáveis estudadas. A aplicação de dosagens de biofertilizante produzidos a partir da digestão anaeróbia de sobras de alimentos na nutrição da alface deverá ser realizada com dosagem 242 mL/planta, da capacidade de campo.
Lingkungan Kerja Dan Kompleksitas Tugas Terhadap Kinerja Auditor Dengan Kompetensi Sebagai Variabel Modearsi Pada Inspektorat Daerah Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Jaya Alvin Aditya , Sabrina Nina , Afrida Anggrelia 
Published: September 2024

Objektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lingkungan kerja dan kompleksitas tugas terhadap kinerja auditor pada Inspektorat Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Penarikan sampel menggunakan sampel jenuh, sampel yang diteliti adalah 37 auditor yang ada di Inspektorat Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Selatan.
Metode Riset. Data yang diperlukan adalah data primer yang diperoleh melalui penyebaran kuesioner pada auditor yang bekerja di Inspektorat Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik dan uji hipotesis.
Hasil. Hasil penelitian ini secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh antara lingkungan kerja dan kompleksitas tugas terhadap kinerja auditor. Dan secara moderasi, lingkungan kerja merupakan homogliser moderasi. Kompleksitas tugas merupakan pure moderasi.

Kesimpulan. Lingkungan Kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Auditor pada Inspektorat Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Kompleksitas Tugas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Auditor pada Inspektorat Daerah Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Kompetensi merupakan homogliser moderasi. Kompetensi merupakan pure moderasi
دور المشاريع السياحية في تحقيق التمكين الاقتصادي للمرأة الفلسطينية في قطاع غزة
Authors: جمعة أحمد أبو لحية إسراء 
Published: September 2024

يهدف البحث إلى دراسة دور المشاريع السياحية في تحقيق التمكين الاقتصادي للمرأة الفلسطينية في قطاع غزة واستخدمت الباحثة أسلوب المنهج الوصفي التحليلي الذي يعتمد على دراسة الظاهرة في الوقت الحالي وكما هي في الواقع ، واعتمدت الباحثة أسلوب العينة العشوائية البسيطة والمكون من 75 سيدة ممن يعملن في المشاريع كما استخدمت الباحثة أداة الاستبانة والتي تكونت من (37) فقرة بالاعتماد على مقياس ليكرت الخماسي .
وتوصلت الباحثة إلى النتائج التالية:

اغلب المبحوثات واجهن صعوبات أو مشاكل عند العمل وان درجة المشاكل والمعيقات التي تحد من التمكين الاقتصادي في قطاع غزة متوسطة , فكانت معظم النساء تعاني من مشاكل تتمحور في جهل المجتمع في حقوق المرأة ودورها الكبير في تطوير الاقتصاد نتيجة للنظرة الثقافية التقليدية لها , كما وكانت تعاني من مشاكل في الحصول على المواد الخام ومشاكل في الاستيراد والتصدير والتكاليف المترتبة عليهم نتيجة لعدم انفتاح النساء بشكل كبير على هذه الجو انب , وتعاني من ضعف في أساليب الاتصال والتواصل مع الزبائن وطرق إدارة المشاريع والتسويق نتيجة ضعف في الشخصية .
وجود تمكين المرأة في قطاع غزة يظهر في جوانب أساسيه تعمل على رفع مستوى التمكين وتفعيل دور النساء على المستوى الشخصي أو على مستوى مشروعهن الخاص وهي تتمثل في الحصول على التدريب والتعليم وتوفر جوانب شخصيه للمرآه من ثقة بالنفس واستقلاليته وقدرة المرأة على التملك , ومشاركة المرأة في صنع القرار على مستوى الأسرة والسياسة والاقتصاد , وفرص العمل والأجور المتكافئة

ومن أهم التوصيات التي توصي بها الباحثة:
1- السعي لتغير المفاهيم التقليدية التي تحصر دور المرأة الاجتماعية النمطية، وذلك من خلال حملات التثقيف والتوعية المجتمعية التي تبرز اهمي مشاركة المرأة في التنمية، وفي الحياة العامة والسياسية لبلادها، وتوضح الانعكاسات الإيجابية لهذه المشاركة على جميع مجالات الحياة المجتمعية للبلاد.
2- مناهضة العوائق الثقافية أمام توظيف النساء وإنشاء المشاريع الخاصة بهن لقدارتهن في جميع مجالات النشاط الاقتصادي التي يخترنها بحريه.
توفير القروض والدعم اللازم لتمويل أرس المال العامل وتطوير المعدات والأصول الرأسمالية أو التوسع في المشروعات القائمة أو تمويل أفكار ريادية جديدة في سبيل تنمية المشروعات السياحية.
Reflexos do paradigma neoliberal na limitação do financiamento da educação básica brasileira
Authors: Souza Francisco Lázaro Gomes de , Ferreira Antonio Alves , Araújo Hugo Lima , Oliveira Clarice Alves de , Dias Júnior Clóvis Marques 
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma analise com o propósito de demonstrar as influências do paradigma neoliberal na formatação das políticas públicas educacionais, especialmente no que diz sobre racionalização de recursos financeiros para que ocorra o desenvolvimento do projeto progressista previsto na Constituição Federal de 1988. Esse viés economicista tem suplantado o interesse público, substituindo o projeto de uma educação voltada para uma formação humana e para o trabalho por um projeto dual de educação: propedêutica e de qualidade para as classes sociais elitizadas e uma educação técnico-profissionalizante para as classes sociais subalternas que, em geral, frequetam a escola pública. A metodologia usada que decorre da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental cujos resultados revelam que este processo de imposição da ideologia neoliberal tem ocorrido de diversas formas com destaque para o racionalismo econômico e financeiro pela criação de leis educacionais abrangentes, mas com redação complexa, resultando no desprovimento do financiamento necessário.
Mid-term results and late events after the Fontan operation: A single-center experience
Authors: Akbaş Tolga , Demir Fadli , Erdem Sevcan , Kemal Salih Orhan , Şah Topçuoğlu Mehmet , Poyrazoğlu Hakan , Totik Nazlı , Özbarlas Nazan 
Published: September 2024

Background: This study aimed to review our institutional experience with the Fontan operation, the adverse severe events we encountered during mid-term follow-up, and the associated risk factors.
Methods: In the study, the medical records of 40 patients (22 males, 18 females) who underwent Fontan operation between August 1993 and August 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were followed up for at least six months.
Results: The Fontan operation was performed at a median age of 6.5 years (range, 3 to 22 years), and the mean follow-up time was 4.1±3.8 years (range, 0.5 to 17 years). The most frequently occurring defect was tricuspid atresia (45.0%). Fifteen (37.5%) patients experienced 24 late adverse events. Late complications and severe side effects, in order of frequency, were arrhythmia in eight (53.3%) patients, hypoxia in five (33.3%) patients, and ventricular dysfunction in three (20%) patients. While protein-losing enteropathy and mortality were each observed in two (13.3%) patients, Fontan failure, thromboembolic event, pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae, and ascites were each observed in one (6.6%) patient. When possible risk factors for late complications were examined, a statistical significance was not found.
Conclusion: Life expectancy and quality of life of patients with Fontan circulation have increased with advances in surgical technique and increased management success. However, complications are not uncommon after the Fontan operation, and late events remain a significant problem. The results of our study indicate that in mid-term follow-up of patients who underwent Fontan surgery at our institution, although not statistically significant, those who underwent fenestration and those operated at a later age tended to experience more severe events and late complications.
CARACTERIZACIÓN Y CLASIFICACIÓN MORFOLÓGICA DE Varroa Y SU DISTRIBUCIÓN ESPACIAL, EN COLMENAS COMERCIALES DEL ESTADO DE TABASCO, MÉXICO
Authors: Payró de la Cruz Emeterio , Valencia Domínguez Martina , Castellanos Potenciano Blanca Patricia , Ramos Reyes Rodimiro 
Published: September 2024

<p><strong>Background.</strong> <em>Varroa</em> <em>destructor</em> is considered the main pest of <em>Apis mellifera</em>, its morphological characteristics, prevalence and level of infestation are affected by geographical and ecosystem conditions and the management of the hives. <strong>Objective.</strong> Morphologically characterize and classify <em>Varroa</em> populations in <em>A. mellifera</em> hives in Tabasco. <strong>Methodology</strong>. Samples of worker bees were obtained from 29 apiaries (108 hives) belonging to the 5 subregions of the state. The location of the apiaries was georeferenced, in UTM coordinates. Subsequently, 501 <em>Varroa</em> specimens were extracted using the shaking and washing method, which were placed individually on slides for morphometry and digitization. With the help of a Karl Zeiss stereomicroscope, Mod. Stemi 305 Trino, with integrated digital camera Mod. Axiocam 105 color (40X), the following were measured in millimeters (mm): width of the dorsal shield or body (AED), length of the dorsal shield or body (LED), genital shield width (AEG), genital shield length (LEG), anal shield width (AEA) and anal shield length (LEA). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and comparisons of means (Tukey; <em>P</em>&lt;0.05; 95% confidence), Pearson correlation analysis (<em>r</em>) and multivariate analysis were performed using cluster analysis. <strong>Results</strong>. The <em>Varroa</em> sp populations analyzed in the state of Tabasco are classified as the <em>V. destr</em>uctor species, according to the morphometric criteria established by Anderson and Trueman (2000). Significant differences were found between the subregions in five variables, except AEA (<em>P</em>=0.193), likewise, significant intrasubregion differences were found in four variables, between municipalities of the same subregion (intra subregion) in four morphological variables except LED (<em>P</em>=0.229) and ACA (<em>P</em>=0.229). <strong>Implications</strong>. The identification of morphological variability at the local level can help develop more effective control strategies, adapted to the specific conditions of each region. It is necessary to continue investigating other factors that may influence the morphology of <em>Varroa</em>, such as beekeeping practices, host bee genetics, and climatic conditions. <strong>Conclusions</strong>. The cluster analysis indicated that morphological variability between populations is small, and that specimens from different municipalities and subregions can share similar morphometric characteristics, without following a defined spatial pattern. </p>
POLITYKA KURSOWA W ERM II – WNIOSKI DLA POLSKI Z DOŚWIADCZEŃ KRAJÓW EUROPY ŚRODKOWO-WSCHODNIEJ
Authors: Żuchowska Dorota 
Published: September 2024

Polityka kursowa, czyli posługiwanie się kursem walutowym przez władze monetarne w celu osiągnięcia z góry ustalonych celów gospodarczych, może ona wiązać się z określonymi ograniczeniami, w zależności od wyboru przez władze monetarne systemu kursowego. Celem artykułu jest ocena – poprzez pryzmat uwarunkowań teoretycznych - doświadczeń w zakresie polityki kursowej Słowenii, Słowacji i krajów bałtyckich w okresie pobytu systemie ERMII i jej konsekwencji dla spełnienia przez te gospodarki kryteriów zbieżności gospodarczej wymaganych przy włączeniu do strefy euro, szczególnie kryterium inflacyjnego. Analiza koncentruje się także na identyfikacji potencjalnych zagrożeń, związanych z stabilizacją kursu w ERM II oraz wynikającymi z niej ograniczeniami autonomii polityki pieniężnej.
IDENTYFIKACJA NIEETYCZNYCH NEGOCJACJI KREDYTOWYCH NA POD-STAWIE SPRAW SPORNYCH
Authors: Czajkowska Agnieszka 
Published: September 2024

Głównym celem artykułu jest prezentacja przykładów dotyczących etyki negocjacji kredytowych, a także wskazanie znaczenia etycznego przebiegu procesu negocjacji z punktu widzenia kredytobiorców i kredytodawców. Problemem badawczym jest zdefiniowanie etyki negocjacji kredytowych oraz wykazanie przejawów nieetycznych zachowań bankowców względem kredytobiorców na podstawie skarg, jakie wnosili klienci banków do instytucji chroniących ich interesy w Polsce w latach 2018-2022. Wykazano, że etyka finansów i etyka w finansach, stanowią część etyki biznesu. Wyjaśniono istotę negocjacji biznesowych. Zaprezentowano praktyczne aspekty etyki uczestników negocjacji kredytowych, począwszy od autorskiej definicji negocjacji kredytowych. Na końcu zidentyfikowano przejawy nieetycznych negocjacji kredytowych i bankowców na podstawie spraw spornych i mediacji, rozstrzyganych na rzecz kredytobiorców. Zwieńczeniem artykułu jest autorska definicja etyki negocjacji kredytowych.
Participación de niños y niñas en el espacio público de La Pradera en El Marqués, Querétaro.
Authors: Zurita Muñoz Lic. María de los Ángeles , Castro Puga Dr. Josué 
Published: September 2024

This text shows the methodologic process and results obtained from a mixt investigation and an intervention in the form of a participation workshop in the public space with 11 children ages 6-12 in the neighborhood La Pradera, located at El Marqués, Querétaro, which lasted 12 sessions and had as objectives to describe the ways they participe in the public space, their conceptions of what is public space participation and to identifiy the influence of these types of workshops in their practices and ideas about what it is to participate. The information gathered was obtained using a pre-test and post-test format using interviews, participant observation, and questionaries, all which fed the results that showed how the children’s participation can be affected by adultcentrism, the lack of safe places where they can carry this practice, the lack of participation opportunities and and the type of activities that are commonly done there. The information gathered during the post-test shows how the participants are capable of organizing autonomously to transform the public space according to their own interests, to modify their own conceptios about participation and their own hability to do so and it proves the need to give them spaces and opportunities where they can have an authentic participation and completely excersice they right to do so.
ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA QUÁ TRÌNH XỬ LÝ PHỤ GIA ĐẾN TRỌNG LƯỢNG TÔM CÀNG XANH (Macrobranchium rosenbergii) THƯƠNG PHẨM NGUYÊN CON TRONG CHẾ BIẾN LẠNH ĐÔNG
Authors: Cao Xuân Thủy  
Published: September 2024

Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu là đánh giá ảnh hưởng của quá trình xử lý phụ gia (XLPG) đến sự tăng giảm trọng lượng sản phẩm tôm càng xanh (Macrobranchium rosenbergii) thương phẩm nguyên con trong quá trình chế biến lạnh đông. Các yếu tố nhiệt độ, thời gian, nồng độ của chất phụ gia Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) với việc bổ sung Axít Sorbic (AS) 0,35% và Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) 0,9% lên trọng lượng tôm càng nguyên con đông lạnh đã được nghiên cứu. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy: tôm được xử lý chất phụ gia (CPG) qua 1 ngày bảo quản sẽ cho kết quả tăng trọng lượng tốt nhất; nhiệt độ thích hợp để xử lý phụ gia là 15 °C; thời gian XLPG tốt nhất là 55 phút; nồng độ STPP 3,5% kết hợp với nồng độ AS 0,35% là phù hợp để xử lý; hao hụt trọng lượng của sản phẩm sau rã đông là 4,32% so với trọng lượng sau quá trình bảo quản lạnh trước khi xử lý phụ gia.
L’évolution du terme Métis au sein de l’Alliance laurentienne des Métis et Indiens sans statut entre 1971 et 1983
Authors: Bernard David 
Published: September 2024

Les enjeux de la définition du terme métis/Métis sont au centre des politiques de l’Alliance laurentienne des Métis et Indiens sans statut (ALMISS) et de l’ensemble du mouvement organisationnel affilié au Conseil national des Autochtones du Canada (CNAC) entre 1971 et 1983. Le manque de définitions politique, juridique et historique claires des identités métisses et indiennes sans statut au Canada a généré, dans les années 1970, une vaste entreprise définitionnelle dans laquelle les organisations politiques, l’État et la recherche historique et légale ont joué un rôle majeur. En effet, au moment des revendications territoriales et du rapatriement de la constitution, l’ALMISS provoque plusieurs débats relatifs aux codes d’appartenance où plusieurs conceptions du fait métis au Québec se côtoient et se confrontent. Dans cet article, par une analyse des journaux et des documents officiels produits par l’ALMISS et le CNAC, nous verrons comment ces organisations reformulent leurs codes d’appartenance et leurs définitions de l’identité métisse.
Le « feeling » métis au masculin au Québec et son héritage colonial
Authors: Scott Corrie 
Published: September 2024

Si l’idée d’une société historiquement métissée et porteuse d’une culture contemporaine hybride qui en découle semble peut-être positive pour sa reconnaissance de l’apport des civilisations autochtones à la collectivité québécoise, dans ce texte, je me joins aux voix qui s’élèvent pour dire qu’il faut regarder de plus près. Je commence avec une analyse du rôle de certaines formes de masculinité dans l’édification du discours de métissage dans deux textes : l’essai Amériquoisie (2016) du médecin-écrivain blanc Jean Désy, et le documentaire L’empreinte (2015). Ensuite, je mets ces éloges du métissage en contraste avec des extraits de Je suis une maudite sauvagesse de l’écrivaine innue An Antane Kapesh, et des récits oraux innus rapportés par l’anthropologue blanche et québécoise Sylvie Vincent et sa collaboratrice, la poète innue Joséphine Bacon. Le pari de cet article est qu’on n’a pas accordé assez d’attention au rôle des relations de pouvoir façonnées par le colonialisme et ses héritages. L’analyse proposée se veut emblématique du fonctionnement intersectionnel de la masculinité et du colonialisme au Québec contemporain.
Jouer à être l’Autre
Authors: Benhadjoudja Leila 
Published: September 2024

La pièce de théâtre Kanata, mise en scène par le dramaturge québécois Robert Lepage et jouée par la troupe française du Théâtre du Soleil, avait provoqué une forte polémique au Québec, où de nombreux artistes et militants Autochtones ont dénoncé l’absence des artistes autochtones. Dans cet article, je propose de réfléchir sur ce que signifie de « jouer à l’Indien » (dans le sens que lui donne Deloria) dans le contexte québécois, particulièrement lorsque ce jeu invoque une vision du monde complice entre des figures emblématiques des scènes artistiques québécoise et française quant à l’effacement des Autochtones. Il s’agira de s’interroger sur le sens de cette complicité France-Québec, et sa portée politique face à l’évincement des Autochtones dans une pièce qui prétend raconter leur histoire. Pour ce faire, je rendrai compte des principaux arguments repérés dans les discours médiatiques et artistiques blancs qui ont justifié la tenue de la pièce, afin de mettre en lumière les logiques coloniales qui soutiennent cette production, où l’auto-autochtonisation occupe une place importante.
Le fleuve et la forêt, le séducteur et l’anthropophage
Authors: Medaets Chantal 
Published: September 2024

À partir d’un corpus de récits recueillis auprès d’enfants et d’adultes dans des villages du bas-Tapajós (Amazonie brésilienne, état du Pará), j’analyserai, dans cet article, le paysage narratif local à la lumière de l’histoire régionale. Les deux personnages les plus récurrents des récits, le Jurupari, un monstre sylvestre qui dévore les chasseurs imprudents, et le Boto, un dauphin enchanté qui se transforme en un beau jeune homme blanc pour séduire ses victimes, sont associés respectivement, par les populations locales, à une figure stéréotypée de l’« Indien » et au monde des « Blancs » et des téléromans. Je propose une lecture conjointe de ces deux figures en montrant comment les villageois se situent face à elles, selon un jeu d’identification et de mise à distance qui n’est pas exempt d’ambiguïtés.