bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communications enhance sustainable intentions despite other ongoing crises
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc T. H. , Willcock Simon , Hassan Louise M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThere is an ongoing trend toward more frequent and multiple crises. While there is a clear need for behaviors to become more sustainable to address the climate crisis, how to achieve this against the backdrop of other crises is unknown. Using a sample of 18,805 participants from the UK, we performed a survey experiment to investigate if communication messages provide a useful tool in nudging intentions toward improved sustainability in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. We found that, despite the ongoing COVID-19 crisis, media messaging resulted in increases in sustainability-related intentions for all our communication messaging conditions. Specifically, after our communication was presented, (i) almost 80% of people who were not currently recycling their surgical masks reported their intention to do so; there was a > 70% increase in both (ii) the number of people likely to pick up face mask litter and (iii) the number of people willing to disinfect and reuse their filtering facepiece (FFP) masks 4–6 times, while (iv) there was an increase by 165% in those who would wash cloth masks at 60 °C. Our results highlight that communication messaging can play a useful role in minimizing the trade-offs between multiple crises, as well as maximizing any synergies. To support this, decision-makers and practitioners should encourage the delivery of sustainability advice via multiple sources and across different types of media, while taking steps to address potential misinformation.
Double forms: Regular elliptic bilaplacian operators
Authors: Kupferman Raz , Leder Roee 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDouble forms are sections of the vector bundles $$\Lambda^{k}T^{\ast}{\cal{M}}\otimes\Lambda^{m}T^{\ast}\cal{M}$$

Λ

k

T

∗

M

⊗

Λ

m

T

∗

M

, where in this work ($$\cal{M},\frak{g}$$

M

,

g

) is a compact Riemannian manifold with boundary. We study graded second-order differential operators on double forms, which are used in physical applications. A combination of these operators yields a fourth-order operator, which we call a double bilaplacian. We establish the regular ellipticity of the double bilaplacian for several sets of boundary conditions. Under additional conditions, we obtain a Hodge-like decomposition for double forms, whose components are images of the second-order operators, along with a biharmonic element. This analysis lays foundations for resolving several topics in incompatible elasticity, most prominently the existence of stress potentials and Saint-Venant compatibility.
Advancements in Subchondral Bone Biomechanics: Insights from Computed Tomography and Micro-Computed Tomography Imaging in Equine Models
Authors: Malekipour Fatemeh , Whitton R. Chris , Lee Peter Vee-Sin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review synthesizes recent advancements in understanding subchondral bone (SCB) biomechanics using computed tomography (CT) and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging in large animal models, particularly horses.

Recent Findings
Recent studies highlight the complexity of SCB biomechanics, revealing variability in density, microstructure, and biomechanical properties across the depth of SCB from the joint surface, as well as at different joint locations. Early SCB abnormalities have been identified as predictive markers for both osteoarthritis (OA) and stress fractures. The development of standing CT systems has improved the practicality and accuracy of live animal imaging, aiding early diagnosis of SCB pathologies.

Summary
While imaging advancements have enhanced our understanding of SCB, further research is required to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of joint disease and articular surface failure. Combining imaging with mechanical testing, computational modelling, and artificial intelligence (AI) promises earlier detection and better management of joint disease. Future research should refine these modalities and integrate them into clinical practice to enhance joint health outcomes in veterinary and human medicine.
Prediction model for major bleeding in anticoagulated patients with cancer-associated venous thromboembolism using machine learning and natural language processing
Authors: Muñoz Martín Andrés J. , Lecumberri Ramón , Souto Juan Carlos , Obispo Berta , Sanchez Antonio , Aparicio Jorge , Aguayo Cristina , Gutierrez David , García Palomo Andrés , Benavent Diego , Taberna Miren , Viñuela-Benéitez María Carmen , Arumi Daniel , Hernández-Presa Miguel Ángel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We developed a predictive model to assess the risk of major bleeding (MB) within 6 months of primary venous thromboembolism (VTE) in cancer patients receiving anticoagulant treatment. We also sought to describe the prevalence and incidence of VTE in cancer patients, and to describe clinical characteristics at baseline and bleeding events during follow-up in patients receiving anticoagulants.

Methods
This observational, retrospective, and multicenter study used natural language processing and machine learning (ML), to analyze unstructured clinical data from electronic health records from nine Spanish hospitals between 2014 and 2018. All adult cancer patients with VTE receiving anticoagulants were included. Both clinically- and ML-driven feature selection was performed to identify MB predictors. Logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT), and random forest (RF) algorithms were used to train predictive models, which were validated in a hold-out dataset and compared to the previously developed CAT-BLEED score.

Results
Of the 2,893,108 cancer patients screened, in-hospital VTE prevalence was 5.8% and the annual incidence ranged from 2.7 to 3.9%. We identified 21,227 patients with active cancer and VTE receiving anticoagulants (53.9% men, median age of 70 years). MB events after VTE diagnosis occurred in 10.9% of patients within the first six months. MB predictors included: hemoglobin, metastasis, age, platelets, leukocytes, and serum creatinine. The LR, DT, and RF models had AUC-ROC (95% confidence interval) values of 0.60 (0.55, 0.65), 0.60 (0.55, 0.65), and 0.61 (0.56, 0.66), respectively. These models outperformed the CAT-BLEED score with values of 0.53 (0.48, 0.59).

Conclusions
Our study shows encouraging results in identifying anticoagulated patients with cancer-associated VTE who are at high risk of MB.
Network analyses of emotion components: an exploratory application to the component process model of emotion
Authors: Sacchi Livia , Dan-Glauser Elise 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEmotion is an episode involving changes in multiple components, specifically subjective feelings, physiological arousal, expressivity, and action tendencies, all these driven by appraisal processes. However, very few attempts have been made to comprehensively model emotion episodes from this full componential perspective, given the statistical and methodological complexity involved. Recently, network analyses have been proposed in the field of emotion and cognition as an innovative theoretical and statistical framework able to integrate several properties of emotions. We therefore addressed the call for more multi-componential evidence by modeling the network of a comprehensive list of emotion components drawn from the Component Process Model of Emotion. Five-hundred students were confronted with mildly ambiguous scenarios from everyday life, and reported on their situational appraisals and emotion responses. Network analyses were applied to the emotion components related to a positive and a negative scenario to explore 1) how the components organize themselves into networks and dimensions; 2) which components are the most central within networks and dimensions; and 3) the patterns of components relation between and within dimensions. A three-dimensional solution emerged in both scenarios. Additionally, some appraisals and responses appeared to be differentially relevant and related to each other in both scenarios, highlighting the importance of context in shaping the strength of emotion component relations. Overall, we enriched the field of affective science by exploring the connections between emotion components in three novel ways: by using network analyses, by integrating them into a multi-componential framework, and by providing context to our emotion components. Our results can also potentially inform applied research, where understanding the interconnections and the centrality of components could aid the personalization of interventions.
Representations of large Mackey Lie algebras and universal tensor categories
Authors: Penkov Ivan , Tsanov Valdemar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe extend previous work by constructing a universal abelian tensor category $$\textbf{T}_t$$

T
t

generated by two objects X, Y equipped with finite filtrations $$0\subsetneq X_0\subsetneq ...\subsetneq X_{t+1}= X$$

0
⊊

X
0

⊊
.
.
.
⊊

X

t
+
1

=
X

and $$0\subsetneq Y_0\subsetneq ... \subsetneq Y_{t+1}= Y$$

0
⊊

Y
0

⊊
.
.
.
⊊

Y

t
+
1

=
Y

, and with a pairing $$X\otimes Y\rightarrow \mathbbm {1}$$

X
⊗
Y
→
1

, where $$\mathbbm {1}$$
1
is the monoidal unit. This category is modeled as a category of representations of a Mackey Lie algebra $$\mathfrak {gl}^M(V,V_*)$$

gl

M

(
V
,

V

∗

)

of cardinality $$2^{\aleph _t}$$

2

ℵ
t

, associated to a diagonalizable pairing between two vector spaces $$V,V_*$$

V
,

V

∗

of dimension $$\aleph _t$$

ℵ
t

over an algebraically closed field $${{\mathbb {K}}}$$
K
of characteristic 0. As a preliminary step, we study a tensor category $${{\mathbb {T}}}_t$$

T
t

generated by the algebraic duals $$V^*$$

V
∗

and $$(V_*)^*$$

(

V

∗

)

∗

. The injective hull of the trivial module $${{\mathbb {K}}}$$
K
in $${{\mathbb {T}}}_t$$

T
t

is a commutative algebra I, and the category $$\textbf{T}_t$$

T
t

consists of all free I-modules in $${{\mathbb {T}}}_t$$

T
t

. An essential novelty in our work is the explicit computation of Ext-spaces between simples in both categories $$\textbf{T}_t$$

T
t

and $${{\mathbb {T}}}_t$$

T
t

, which had been an open problem already for $$t=0$$

t
=
0

. This provides a direct link from the theory of universal tensor categories to Littlewood-Richardson-type combinatorics.
Multicompartmentalized Microvascularized Tumor-on-a-Chip to Study Tumor-Stroma Interactions and Drug Resistance in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Plesselova Simona , Calar Kristin , Axemaker Hailey , Sahly Emma , Bhagia Amrita , Faragher Jessica L. , Fink Darci M. , de la Puente Pilar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The majority of ovarian cancer (OC) patients receiving standard of care chemotherapy develop chemoresistance within 5 years. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a dynamic and influential player in disease progression and therapeutic response. However, there is a lack of models that allow us to elucidate the compartmentalized nature of TME in a controllable, yet physiologically relevant manner and its critical role in modulating drug resistance.

Methods
We developed a 3D microvascularized multiniche tumor-on-a-chip formed by five chambers (central cancer chamber, flanked by two lateral stromal chambers and two external circulation chambers) to recapitulate OC-TME compartmentalization and study its influence on drug resistance. Stromal chambers included endothelial cells alone or cocultured with normal fibroblasts or cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF).

Results
The tumor-on-a-chip recapitulated spatial TME compartmentalization including vessel-like structure, stromal-mediated extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, generation of oxygen gradients, and delayed drug diffusion/penetration from the circulation chamber towards the cancer chamber. The cancer chamber mimicked metastasis-like migration and increased drug resistance to carboplatin/paclitaxel treatment in the presence of CAF when compared to normal fibroblasts. CAF-mediated drug resistance was rescued by ECM targeted therapy. Critically, these results demonstrate that cellular crosstalk recreation and spatial organization through compartmentalization are essential to determining the effect of the compartmentalized OC-TME on drug resistance.

Conclusions
Our results present a functionally characterized microvascularized multiniche tumor-on-a-chip able to recapitulate TME compartmentalization influencing drug resistance. This technology holds the potential to guide the design of more effective and targeted therapeutic strategies to overcome chemoresistance in OC.
Brunn–Minkowski Inequalities for Sprays on Surfaces
Authors: Assouline Rotem 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe propose a generalization of the Minkowski average of two subsets of a Riemannian manifold, in which geodesics are replaced by an arbitrary family of parametrized curves. Under certain assumptions, we characterize families of curves on a Riemannian surface for which a Brunn–Minkowski inequality holds with respect to a given volume form. In particular, we prove that under these assumptions, a family of constant-speed curves on a Riemannian surface satisfies the Brunn–Minkowski inequality with respect to the Riemannian area form if and only if the geodesic curvature of its members is determined by a function $$\kappa $$
κ
on the surface, and $$\kappa $$
κ
satisfies the inequality
$$\begin{aligned} K + \kappa ^2 - |\nabla \kappa | \ge 0 \end{aligned}$$

K
+

κ
2

-

|
∇
κ
|

≥
0

where K is the Gauss curvature.
Defending the quantum reconstruction program
Authors: Berghofer Philipp 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe program of reconstructing quantum theory based on information-theoretic principles enjoys much popularity in the foundations of physics. Surprisingly, this endeavor has only received very little attention in philosophy. Here I argue that this should change. This is because, on the one hand, reconstructions can help us to better understand quantum mechanics, and, on the other hand, reconstructions are themselves in need of interpretation. My overall objective, thus, is to motivate the reconstruction program and to show why philosophers should care. My specific aims are threefold. (i) Clarify the relationship between reconstructing and interpreting quantum mechanics, (ii) show how the informational reconstruction of quantum theory puts pressure on standard realist interpretations, (iii) defend the quantum reconstruction program against possible objections.
Strategy Complexity of Reachability in Countable Stochastic 2-Player Games
Authors: Kiefer Stefan , Mayr Richard , Shirmohammadi Mahsa , Totzke Patrick 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe study countably infinite stochastic 2-player games with reachability objectives. Our results provide a complete picture of the memory requirements of $$\varepsilon $$
ε
-optimal (resp. optimal) strategies. These results depend on the size of the players’ action sets and on whether one requires strategies that are uniform (i.e., independent of the start state). Our main result is that $$\varepsilon $$
ε
-optimal (resp. optimal) Maximizer strategies requires infinite memory if Minimizer is allowed infinite action sets. This lower bound holds even under very strong restrictions. Even in the special case of infinitely branching turn-based reachability games, even if all states allow an almost surely winning Maximizer strategy, strategies with a step counter plus finite private memory are still useless. Regarding uniformity, we show that for Maximizer there need not exist memoryless (i.e., positional) uniformly $$\varepsilon $$
ε
-optimal strategies even in the special case of finite action sets or in finitely branching turn-based games. On the other hand, in games with finite action sets, there always exists a uniformly $$\varepsilon $$
ε
-optimal Maximizer strategy that uses just one bit of public memory.
Game-Theoretic Analysis of Adversarial Decision Making in a Complex Socio-Physical System
Authors: Cullen Andrew , Alpcan Tansu , Kalloniatis Alexander 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe growing integration of technology within human processes has significantly increased the difficulty in optimising organisational decision-making, due to the highly coupled and non-linear nature of these systems. This is particularly true in the presence of dynamics for resource competition models between adversarial teams. While game theory provides a conceptual lens for studying such processes, it often struggles with the scale associated with real-world systems. This paper contributes to resolving this limitation through a parallelised variant of the efficient-but-exact nash dominant game pruning framework, which we employ to study the optimal behaviour under adversarial team dynamics parameterised by the so-called networked Boyd–Kuramoto–Lanchester resource competition model. In doing so, we demonstrate a structural bias in competitive systems towards concentrating organisational resources away from regions of competition to ensure resilience.
Note on: “Sparse domination results for compactness on weighted spaces”
Authors: Stockdale Cody B. , Villarroya Paco , Wick Brett D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAn incomplete argument for Theorem 1.4 of Stockdale et al. (Collect Math 73(3):535–563, 2022) is corrected. The validity of Stockdale et al. (Collect Math 73(3):535–563, 2022, Theorem 2.7) remains open.
Measurement of the effectiveness of Clonostachys rosea in reducing Fusarium biomass on wheat straw
Authors: Kulik Tomasz , Treder Kinga , Rochoń Marta , Załuski Dariusz , Sulima Paweł , Olszewski Jacek , Bilska Katarzyna , Elena Georgina , Kowalski Tadeusz 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe survival and growth of plant pathogens on crop residues are key factors facilitating the dynamics of crop diseases. Spores (e.g., perithecia, and chlamydospores) and mycelium of pathogenic fungi overwinter on harvest residues, such as straw, and serve as initial inoculum infecting crops in the next growing season. Therefore, targeting overwintering fungi is essential to attaining effective disease control. Beneficial microorganisms offer advantages in controlling pathogens through their ability to colonize and exploit different environmental niches. In this study, we applied qPCR assays to explore the biocontrol performance of locally isolated strains of Clonostachys against various Fusarium pathogens. We proved that prior colonization of wheat straw by Fusarium spp. can be effectively reduced by Clonostachys rosea. We demonstrated that the efficiency of C. rosea to reduce Fusarium inoculum appears to remain at a similar level for most studied strains regardless of the target pathogen and the level of colonization of substrates by pathogens. Efficient performance of local C. rosea strains identifies possible targets for future strategies to control Fusarium diseases in cereals. Our study also highlights the challenge in sequence-based determination of C. rosea, which is crucial for the efficient selection of beneficial strains for biocontrol purposes.
Control problems in the coefficients and the domain for linear elliptic equations
Authors: Casado-Díaz Juan , Luna-Laynez Manuel , Maestre Faustino 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the present work we are interested in an optimal design problem for a linear elliptic state equation with a homogeneous boundary Dirichlet condition. The control variables correspond to the coefficients of the diffusion term and the open set where the equation is posed. From the application point of view these variables represent the layout of the materials composing the corresponding domain and its shape. We obtain a relaxed formulation of the problem, the optimality conditions, and we provide a numerical algorithm to solve it. Some numerical simulations are also carried out.
Shear strength characteristics of mixing slag-stone ballast reinforcement with tire geo-scrap using large-scale direct shear tests
Authors: Esmaeili Morteza , Heydari Hamidreza , Mokhtari Maziar , Darvishi Sara 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Utilizing the ballast layer with more durable and stable characteristics can help avoid significant expenses due to decreased maintenance efforts. Strengthening the ballast layer with different types of reinforcements or substituting the stone aggregates with the appropriate granular materials could potentially help to achieve this goal by reducing the ballast deterioration. One of the exquisite and most effective solutions to eliminate these challenges is to use waste materials such as steel slag aggregates and useless tires. Utilizing these waste materials in the ballasted railway track will contribute to sustainable development, an eco-friendly system, and green infrastructure. So in a state-of-the-art insightful, the ballast aggregates, including a mixture of steel slag and stone aggregates, are reinforced with a novel kind of geo-grid made of waste tire strips known as geo-scraps. This laboratory research tried to explain the shear strength behavior of the introduced mixing slag-stone ballast reinforced with tire geo-scrap. To achieve this goal, a series of large-scale direct shear tests were performed on the ballast which is reinforced by tire geo-scrap and included various combinations of slag and stone aggregates. The concluded results indicate that the optimal mixing ratio is attained by a combination of 75% slag and 25% stone aggregates which is reinforced by tire geo-scrap at a placing level of 120 mm. In this case, the shear strength‌, internal friction angle, vertical displacement, and dilatancy angle of stone–slag ballast reinforced with geo-scraps exhibited average changes of + 28%, + 9%, − 28%, and − 15%, respectively.
Posttraumatic Growth Among Young Women, Comparing Risk and Protective Factors in Sexual Violence Survivors Versus Other Trauma Survivors
Authors: Refaeli Tehila , Shir Ela 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study examined differences between young women who are survivors of sexual violence and young women who are survivors of other traumas in terms of posttraumatic growth (PTG) and possible PTG predictors: personal factors (shame and self-blame) and social factors (social support and social reactions to the traumatic event). Additionally, the study explored the possible association between these factors and PTG among the two groups. The sample comprised 285 female trauma survivors, aged 18–30, of whom 128 were sexual violence survivors. Lower PTG was found among sexual violence survivors, while shame, self-blame, and receiving negative reactions were higher among this group than the other group. Among both groups, higher levels of PTG were associated with low levels of shame and high levels of positive reactions, but only in those who experienced sexual violence was PTG associated with high levels of self-blame. Implications for research and practice are discussed.