bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between the Functional Independence and Difficulty Scale and Physical Functions in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults Using Long-term Care Services
Authors: Saito Takashi , Izawa Kazuhiro P. , Watanabe Shuichiro 
Published: November 2016

Background and Purpose:
The Functional Independence and Difficulty Scale (FIDS), a newly developed basic activities of daily living (BADL) assessment tool, assesses both independence and subjective difficulty of BADL performance. This patient-reported outcome measure has been shown to have acceptable internal consistency, concurrent validity, and reliability. However, little is known about the relationship between FIDS and objective measures of physical function among older Japanese adults using long-term care insurance services. This study aimed to reveal the relationship between FIDS and physical functions and to examine the concurrent validity of FIDS against physical functions.

Methods:
Participants of this cross-sectional, correlational research study included community-dwelling Japanese adults aged 65 years or older and certified as long-term care insurance service users with musculoskeletal disease, internal disease, cerebrovascular diseases without observable motor paralysis, and others. Data on physical functions, including muscle strength (grip strength and isometric knee extension muscle strength [IKEMS]), flexibility (range of motion [ROM] of hip flexion and knee flexion), balance (Modified Functional Reach Test [M-FRT]) and gait performance (timed 2.4-m walk), and BADL performance assessed by FIDS, were obtained. Associations between FIDS scores and physical functions were determined by Spearman correlation coefficient and partial correlations after controlling for subject age and sex.

Results:
Data were collected on 53 participants (mean age = 81.9 years; 62.3% women). Spearman partial correlation coefficients controlled for sex and age between FIDS score and grip strength, IKEMS, ROM of hip flexion, ROM of knee flexion, M-FRT, and timed 2.4-m walk were 0.47 (P = .001), 0.44 (P = .001), 0.29 (P = .04), −0.05 (P = .73), 0.51 (P < .001), and −0.64 (P < .001), respectively. The strength of association was moderate for the M-FRT and 2.4-m walk and was low for grip strength and IKEMS. However, ROM of the knee showed no significant association and hip flexion had negligible association with FIDS.

Conclusions:
The FIDS, a patient-reported BADL assessment tool, mainly reflected balance and gait performance and had concurrent validity as an objective measure of balance and gait performance.
“Fear of the Known and Unknown”: Factors Affecting Participation Following Knee Replacement Among Persons With Participation Restriction
Authors: Maxwell Jessica , Vaughan Molly , Ledingham Aileen , Felson David , Keysor Julie 
Published: November 2016

Background/purpose:
Evidence suggests that more than 30% of patients post-total knee replacement (TKR) are living with participation restrictions, yet little is known about their perceptions of and factors contributing to these restrictions. The purpose of this study was to identify emergent or recurring themes behind participation restrictions after TKR.

Methods:
Nineteen participants between 50 and 85 years old reporting participation restrictions 1 to 5 years post-TKR completed semistructured qualitative interviews about their participation experience after TKR. Participants provided background information in written questionnaires. Data collected from in-person interviews were analyzed qualitatively using a grounded theory approach.

Results:
Participants discussed 3 major themes with regard to participation post-TKR: (1) limiting activities requiring long-distance walking due to continued knee impairments, (2) avoiding activities with negative or unknown outcome expectancies, and (3) using problem solving to identify strategies to participate in important activities.

Conclusions:
An unknown or negative outcome expectancy, particularly with regard to activities requiring long-distance walking, may lead to participation restrictions in some patients post-TKR. As participants reported using self-efficacy and coping strategies to improve participation, further physical rehabilitation or interdisciplinary rehabilitation incorporating the identified strategies may be effective with some patients post-TKR.
Graph Theoretic and Motif Analyses of the Hippocampal Neuron Type Potential Connectome
Authors: Rees Christopher L. , Wheeler Diek W. , Hamilton David J. , White Charise M. , Komendantov Alexander O. , Ascoli Giorgio A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe computed the potential connectivity map of all known neuron types in the rodent hippocampal formation by supplementing scantly available synaptic data with spatial distributions of axons and dendrites from the open-access knowledge base Hippocampome.org. The network that results from this endeavor, the broadest and most complete for a mammalian cortical region at the neuron-type level to date, contains more than 3200 connections among 122 neuron types across six subregions. Analyses of these data using graph theory metrics unveil the fundamental architectural principles of the hippocampal circuit. Globally, we identify a highly specialized topology minimizing communication cost; a modular structure underscoring the prominence of the trisynaptic loop; a core set of neuron types serving as information-processing hubs as well as a distinct group of particular antihub neurons; a nested, two-tier rich club managing much of the network traffic; and an innate resilience to random perturbations. At the local level, we uncover the basic building blocks, or connectivity patterns, that combine to produce complex global functionality, and we benchmark their utilization in the circuit relative to random networks. Taken together, these results provide a comprehensive connectivity profile of the hippocampus, yielding novel insights on its functional operations at the computationally crucial level of neuron types.
Altered Oscillatory Dynamics of CA1 Parvalbumin Basket Cells during Theta–Gamma Rhythmopathies of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Lopez-Pigozzi Diego , Laurent François , Brotons-Mas Jorge R. , Valderrama Mario , Valero Manuel , Fernandez-Lamo Ivan , Cid Elena , Gomez-Dominguez Daniel , Gal Beatriz , Menendez de la Prida Liset 
Published: November 2016

AbstractRecent reports in human demonstrate a role of theta–gamma coupling in memory for spatial episodes and a lack of coupling in people experiencing temporal lobe epilepsy, but the mechanisms are unknown. Using multisite silicon probe recordings of epileptic rats engaged in episodic-like object recognition tasks, we sought to evaluate the role of theta–gamma coupling in the absence of epileptiform activities. Our data reveal a specific association between theta–gamma (30–60 Hz) coupling at the proximal stratum radiatum of CA1 and spatial memory deficits. We targeted the microcircuit mechanisms with a novel approach to identify putative interneuronal types in tetrode recordings (parvalbumin basket cells in particular) and validated classification criteria in the epileptic context with neurochemical identification of intracellularly recorded cells. In epileptic rats, putative parvalbumin basket cells fired poorly modulated at the falling theta phase, consistent with weaker inputs from Schaffer collaterals and attenuated gamma oscillations, as evaluated by theta-phase decomposition of current–source density signals. We propose that theta–gamma interneuronal rhythmopathies of the temporal lobe are intimately related to episodic memory dysfunction in this condition.
Mitochondria‐associated membrane collapse is a common pathomechanism in SIGMAR1‐ and SOD1‐linked ALS
Authors: Watanabe Seiji , Ilieva Hristelina , Tamada Hiromi , Nomura Hanae , Komine Okiru , Endo Fumito , Jin Shijie , Mancias Pedro , Kiyama Hiroshi , Yamanaka Koji 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA homozygous mutation in the gene for sigma 1 receptor (Sig1R) is a cause of inherited juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS16). Sig1R localizes to the mitochondria‐associated membrane (MAM), which is an interface of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. However, the role of the MAM in ALS is not fully elucidated. Here, we identified a homozygous p.L95fs mutation of Sig1R as a novel cause of ALS16. ALS‐linked Sig1R variants were unstable and incapable of binding to inositol 1,4,5‐triphosphate receptor type 3 (IP3R3). The onset of mutant Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1)‐mediated ALS disease in mice was accelerated when Sig1R was deficient. Moreover, either deficiency of Sig1R or accumulation of mutant SOD1 induced MAM disruption, resulting in mislocalization of IP3R3 from the MAM, calpain activation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Our findings indicate that a loss of Sig1R function is causative for ALS16, and collapse of the MAM is a common pathomechanism in both Sig1R‐ and SOD1‐linked ALS. Furthermore, our discovery of the selective enrichment of IP3R3 in motor neurons suggests that integrity of the MAM is crucial for the selective vulnerability in ALS.
Wolbachia in theDrosophila yakubaComplex: Pervasive Frequency Variation and Weak Cytoplasmic Incompatibility, but No Apparent Effect on Reproductive Isolation
Authors: Cooper Brandon S , Ginsberg Paul S , Turelli Michael , Matute Daniel R 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThree hybridizing species—the clade [(Drosophila yakuba, D. santomea), D. teissieri]—comprise the yakuba complex in the D. melanogaster subgroup. Their ranges overlap on Bioko and São Tomé, islands off west Africa. All three species are infected with Wolbachia—maternally inherited, endosymbiotic bacteria, best known for manipulating host reproduction to favor infected females. Previous analyses reported no cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) in these species. However, we discovered that Wolbachia from each species cause intraspecific and interspecific CI. In D. teissieri, analyses of F1 and backcross genotypes show that both host genotype and Wolbachia variation modulate CI intensity. Wolbachia-infected females seem largely protected from intraspecific and interspecific CI, irrespective of Wolbachia and host genotypes. Wolbachia do not affect host mating behavior or female fecundity, within or between species. The latter suggests little apparent effect of Wolbachia on premating or gametic reproductive isolation (RI) between host species. In nature, Wolbachia frequencies varied spatially for D. yakuba in 2009, with 76% (N = 155) infected on São Tomé, and only 3% (N = 36) infected on Bioko; frequencies also varied temporally in D. yakuba and D. santomea on São Tomé between 2009 and 2015. These temporal frequency fluctuations could generate asymmetries in interspecific mating success, and contribute to postzygotic RI. However, the fluctuations in Wolbachia frequencies that we observe also suggest that asymmetries are unlikely to persist. Finally, we address theoretical questions that our empirical findings raise about Wolbachia persistence when conditions fluctuate, and about the stable coexistence of Wolbachia and host variants that modulate Wolbachia effects.
Publicaciones
Authors: UCR REVISTARQUIS 
Published: November 2016

La sección de Publicaciones hace referencia a proyectos de diseño, investigaciones, publicaciones de libros, revistas, sitios relacionados con la arquitectura, urbanismo, enlaces virtuales con asociaciones nacionales e internacionales y Trabajos Finales de Graduación (TFG) de la Escuela de Arquitectura de la UCR, tanto de Grado (G) como de Posgrado (PG). Estos TFG vienen publicándose desde el primer número de REVISTARQUIS con una numeración secuencial asociada a la biblioteca de la escuela.
Regeneración urbana integrada: proyectos de acupuntura en Medellín
Authors: Ramírez María José , Kapstein Paula 
Published: November 2016

Resumen En la última década, Medellín ha pasado de ser una ciudad de alta peligrosidad y con gran cantidad de problemas asociados a la vulnerabilidad social de sus barrios, a constituirse en un ejemplo de innovación en la gestión urbana, lo cual se traduce en la variedad de políticas y programas llevados a cabo con el objeto de regenerar sus barrios más pobres y de mejorar su accesibilidad, ya que la mayoría de estos barrios se sitúan en la periferia de la ciudad. Las actuaciones de acupuntura urbana, concebidas bajo la figura de planeamiento denominada Proyecto Urbano Integral (PUI), han sido capaces de reforzar elementos de resiliencia propios de los barrios, entre los cuales se cuenta el capital social. En este artículo se presenta la acupuntura urbana como un concepto referido a prácticas que son propias de la regeneración urbana integrada, considerando sus dos ejes: la intervención urbanística en la ciudad y la integración de elementos que permiten reforzar la cohesión social mejorando los procesos de identicación del ciudadano con su ciudad.AbstractIn the last decade Medellin has transformed itself from a dangerous city, suffering many problems associated with the social vulnerability of its neighborhoods, to a positive example urban innovation. This is a result of a wide range of programs specially created to regenerate the most vulnerable peripheral areas of the city, improving their accessibility. The urban acupuncture actions that were created under a new comprehensive urban planning tool (PUI), have been able to reinforce the elements of resilience and social capital already possessed by the neighborhoods. The article presents urban acupuncture as a concept congruent with practices carried out by an integral urban regeneration processes which focuses on two major subjects: the urban intervention in the city, and the integration of elements that make possible the reinforcement of social cohesion, while improving the citizen´s identity within the city.
PENGALENGAN IKAN TUNA KOMERSIAL
Authors: Irianto Hari Eko , Akbarsyah Teuku Muamar Indra 
Published: November 2016

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara pengekspor produk ikan tuna dalam kaleng. Terdapat berbagai jenis ikan tuna di perairan Indonesia yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku untuk pengolahan produk ikan tuna kaleng. Secara garis besar pengolahan tuna kaleng yang dilakukan oleh pabrik pengalengan ikan di Indonesia adalah penerimaan bahan baku, penyiangan, penyusunan dalam rak, pemasakan pendahuluan, pendinginan, pembuangan kepala dan kulit ikan, pembersihan daging, pemotongan, pengisian ke dalam kaleng, penambahan medium, penutupan kaleng, sterilisasi, pendinginan dan pemeraman kaleng, pelabelan, dan pengepakan. Standar Nasional Indonesia yang harus diikuti di dalam pengolahan produk ikan tuna kaleng adalah SNI 01-2712-1992: Tuna dalam Kaleng, SNI 01-2712.1-1992: Bahan Baku Tuna dalam Kaleng, dan SNI 01-2712.2-1992: Penanganan dan Pengolahan Ikan Tuna dalam Kaleng.
Kandungan Logam Berat pada Beberapa Lokasi Perairan Indonesia pada Tahun 2001 sampai dengan 2005
Authors: Siregar Tuti Hartati , Murtini Jovita Tri 
Published: November 2016

Logam berat merupakan salah satu bahan pencemar yang perlu diwaspadai. Di Indonesia, pencemaran logam berat dapat berasal dari limbah industri, pertanian maupun rumah tangga. Oleh karena itu, Balai Besar Riset Pengolahan Produk dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan telah melakukan penelitian monitoring residu logam berat pada biota maupun perairan di beberapa lokasi selama 5 tahun yaitu dari tahun 2001 sampai dengan 2005. Tulisan ini merupakan review dari hasil penelitian tersebut. Pada tahun 2001, Perairan Dadap, Cilincing, Demak, dan Pasuruan telah tercemar oleh logam Hg, sementara Perairan Tanjung Pasir dan Blanakan belum tercemar dengan residu Hg di bawah 2 ppb. Pada tahun 2002, perairan laut di Sumatera yang diwakili oleh Perairan Mentok, Perairan Tanjung Balai, Perairan Tanjung Jabung Timur, dan Perairan Bagan Siapi-api terbukti masih aman untuk kebutuhan perikanan dengan residu Hg kurang dari 2 ppb. Kerang yang hidup di perairan tersebut juga masih aman untuk dikonsumsi. Ambang batas residu logam dalam produk perikanan adalah Hg 500 ppb, Cd 1.000 ppb,Pb 2.000 ppb, dan Cu 20.000 ppb. Pada tahun 2002, perairan Sidoarjo juga masih dalam batas aman dengan residu Hg kurang dari 2 ppb, tetapi Perairan Pasuruan telah tercemar oleh logam Hg dengan residu Hg di atas 2 ppb. Pada tahun 2002, kerang yang hidup di perairan Jawa dan Bali masih aman untuk dikonsumsi. Pada tahun 2003, perairan di Kalimantan dan Sulawesi masih dalam batas aman, begitu juga dengan biota yang hidup di perairan tersebut masih aman untuk dikonsumsi. Pada tahun 2005, Muara Sungai Kahayan dan Muara Sungai Barito telah tercemar oleh logam Cd dan Cu, tetapi ikan yang hidup di dalamnya masih aman untuk dikonsumsi. Pada tahun tersebut Waduk Saguling telah tercemar oleh logam Pb, Cd, dan Cu sementara Waduk Cirata tercemar oleh logam Hg dan Waduk Jatiluhur tercemar oleh logam Cu dan Cd. Ikan yang hidup di ketiga waduk tersebut masih aman untuk dikonsumsi.
Ikan Patin: Peluang Ekspor, Penanganan Pascapanen, dan Diversifikasi Produk Olahan
Authors: Suryaningrum Theresia Dwi 
Published: November 2016

Ikan patin merupakan komoditas hasil budidayaperikanan yang pasarnya cukup menjanjikan. Dalam kurun waktu dua tahun terakhir ini, permintaan ikan patin meningkat dua kali lipat. Potensi pasar tersebut perlu dimanfaatkan dengan lebih menggalakkan budidaya ikan patin di Indonesia yang potensi lahannya cukup luas. Pasar ikan patin selama ini masih dikuasai Vietnam dengan ekspor dalam bentuk fillet dan produk olahan berbasis surimi. Selain dipasarkan dalam bentukfillet, ikan patin sangat cocok untuk diolah menjadi berbagai macam produk berbasis surimi yang trend pasarnya semakin meningkat. Ikan patin dapat diolah secara tradisional maupun modern sehingga dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah ikan patin secara berarti. Akan tetapi dalam era globalisasi ini, pemasaran produk ikan hasil budidaya ke berbagai negara menghadapi banyak hambatan. Tantangan yang harus dihadapi di pasar internasional adalah produk perikanan diharuskan memenuhi persyaratan yang cukup ketat dalam hal kualitas, keamanan pangan, dan ketertelusurannya (traceability). Dalam industri pengolahan ikan patin akan dihasilkan limbah yang cukup banyak yaitu sekitar 67% dari total ikan patin. Limbah tersebut dapat diolah dan dimanfaatkan menjadi gelatin, konsentrat protein, tepung ikan, silase, atau minyak biodiesel sehingga dapat memberikan nilai tambah dalam industri ikan patin. Agar industri ikan patin dapat berkembang di Indonesia maka diperlukan dukungan dari pemerintah, lembaga riset, dan swasta untuk mengembangkan sentra budidaya ikan patin di suatu lokasi.
Implementasi Sistem Ketertelusuran pada Produk Perikanan
Authors: Dwiyitno Dwiyitno 
Published: November 2016

Ketertelusuran adalah kemampuan suatu sistem untuk mengenali dan menelusuri suatu produk pada setiap tahapan produksi, pengolahan maupun pemasaran. Untuk produk pangan, tujuan utama sistem ketertelusuran adalah untuk mencatat/mendokumentasikan produk mulai dari bahan baku sampai kepada konsumen (from farm to fork). Aplikasi sistem ketertelusuran sangat diperlukan guna menghasilkan produk-produk yang terjamin mutu dan keamanannya. Pada prinsipnya, terdapat 2 aspek penting pada implementasi sistem ketertelusuran, yaitu tracking dan tracing, yang digunakan sebagai alat untuk menelusuri riwayat produksi suatu produk. Pada prakteknya, implementasi sistem ketertelusuran pada produk perikanan di Indonesia masih terbatas pada produk hasil industri maupun produk ekspor. Komitmen bersama antara pemerintah, pelaku usaha perikanan/produsen, dan konsumen sangat penting dalam membangun sistem ketertelusuran pada produk perikanan, termasuk pada unit usaha kecil dan menengah.
BACTERIAL DIVERSITY OF THE DEEP SEA OF SANGIHE TALAUD, SULAWESI
Authors: Patantis Gintung , Chasanah Ekowati , Zilda Dewi Seswita , B. Waluyo Ikhsan 
Published: November 2016

Deep sea is an extreme environment characterized by cold temperature, high pressure, lackof light and nutrients. Microorganisms live in these habitat are unique microorganisms andknown to have tremendous source of potential agents for biotechnology processes. Indonesia asan archipelagic country has a vast deep ocean. This study aims to see the diversity of bacteria inSangihe Talaud Deep Sea, Sulawesi. Analysis of bacterial diversity was carried out by culturedand uncultured method. Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) techniquewas used for uncultured analysis of the microorganisms biodiversity, while cultured one wasdone by plating the samples of water onto Zobell media. The results showed that, there were 21isolates obtained by cultured method. The identification which based on 16S rDNA by PCR methodshowed the genus of Pseudomonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Alteromonas, Vibrio, Shewanella andUncultured bacterium were identified. However, 14 classes of bacteria were obtained by usingTRFLP method i.e Acetobacteraceae class, Actinobacteria, α-proteobacteria, -proteobacteria, δ-proteobacteria, γ-proteobacteria, Bacili, Bacteroidetes, Chlorobi, Chroococcales, Clostridia,Erysipelotrichi, Synergistia, and Zetaproteobacteria. here were also unclassified bacteria anduncultured bacterium found in the samples.
Understanding Mechanisms of Resistance in the Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and the Role of Biopsy at Progression
Authors: Socinski Mark A. , Villaruz Liza C. , Ross Jeffrey 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Molecular profiling and the discovery of drugs that target specific activating mutations have allowed the personalization of treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently over-expressed and/or aberrantly activated in different cancers, including NSCLC. The most common activating mutations of EGFR in NSCLC fall within the tyrosine kinase-binding domain. Three oral EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for first-line use in patients with EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC (exon 19 deletions or exon 21 [L858R] substitution mutations), as detected by an FDA-approved test. However, disease progression is common and is often the result of secondary mutations, of which the EGFR T790M mutation is the most prevalent. Few options were available upon progression until the introduction of osimertinib, a kinase inhibitor that targets the T790M mutation, which was recently approved for use in patients with metastatic EGFR T790M mutation-positive NSCLC, as detected by an FDA-approved test, who progressed on or after EGFR TKI therapy. With the introduction of osimertinib, outcomes can now be improved in select patients. Therefore, performing a biopsy at progression to determine the underlying molecular cause of the acquired resistance is important for the enabling of individualized options that may provide the greatest opportunity for improved outcomes. This review discusses the latest updates in molecular testing at progression and outlines treatment options for this difficult-to-treat population.