bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Death From Other Diseases in Lung Cancer Patients After Sublobar Resection Versus Lobectomy
Authors: Nakao Masayuki , Suzuki Ayumi , Ichinose Junji , Matsuura Yosuke , Okumura Sakae , Mun Mingyon 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesA recent Japanese phase three clinical trial for lung cancer suggested a possible advantage of segmentectomy over lobectomy in terms of death from other diseases. This study aimed to compare the risk of death from other diseases based on surgical procedures in lung cancer patients without recurrence.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 2121 patients without disease recurrence after curative resection for lung cancer at our institution. Patient characteristics and overall survival were compared between sublobar resection and lobectomy.ResultsThe sublobar group (n = 595) had a significantly higher proportion of women, non‐smokers, patients without comorbidities, patients with a history of other cancers, and patients with earlier‐staged disease when compared with the lobectomy group (n = 1526). The overall survival was significantly longer in the sublobar group than in the lobectomy group (p = 0.0034). After adjusting for background characteristics in an analysis of 488 patients, the overall survival had a trend to be longer in the sublobar group than in the lobectomy group (p = 0.071).ConclusionsOur results suggested that the risk of death from other diseases was potentially higher after lobectomy than after sublobar resection. Although several clinical factors could influence the results, these results may support the benefit of sublobar resection, assuming that the curability of both procedures is similar.
Blood Flow of the Infraspinatus Muscle in Individuals With and Without Shoulder Pain and Myofascial Trigger Points
Authors: Brown Jace , Kearns Gary , Hedges Emily , Samaniego Samantha , Wang‐Price Sharon 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesMyofascial trigger points (MTrPs) are potential contributors to shoulder pain and can lead to local ischemia and hypoxia, thus causing pain. Color Doppler ultrasound (US) has been used to examine the vascular environment around MTrPs, but has not been used to examine blood flow impairments in patients with shoulder pain and MTrPs. The reliability of color Doppler US for measuring infraspinatus muscle blood flow also has not been established. This study aimed to investigate differences in blood flow between individuals with and without shoulder pain and the reliability of Doppler US for measuring infraspinatus muscle blood flow.MethodsForty participants were enrolled, 20 with shoulder pain and MTrPs and 20 without. Color Doppler US examination was performed twice on each participant to measure peak systolic velocity (PSV), end‐diastolic velocity (EDV), resistive index (RI), and pulsatile index (PI) of the infraspinatus muscle.ResultsThe symptomatic participants had significantly higher PSV (ie, impaired blood flow) than the asymptomatic participants. There were no significant between‐group differences in EDV, RI, and PI. The results also demonstrated good‐to‐excellent intra‐rater reliability for color Doppler US measurements of PSV, EDV, RI, and PI for both groups.ConclusionThis study demonstrated differences in blood flow near MTrPs in the infraspinatus muscle between individuals with and without shoulder pain. It also established good‐to‐excellent reliability of color Doppler US in measuring infraspinatus muscle blood flow. These findings suggest color Doppler US is a useful tool to identify vascular impairments for shoulder pain associated with MTrPs.
On the descent for quadratic and bilinear forms
Authors: Laghribi Ahmed , Mukhija Diksha 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the study of the descent problem in the spirit of conjectures proposed by Kahn in characteristic different from 2. The descent problem seeks conditions under which a ‐form (quadratic or bilinear) is defined over for a field extension . We study this problem in a complete manner for ‐quadratic and bilinear forms up to dimension 4 when is a field of characteristic 2 and is the function field of a projective quadric.
Stearic Acid as Polymerization Medium, Dopant and Hydrophobizer: Chemical Oxidative Polymerization of Pyrrole
Authors: Koizumi Rin , Atsuta Yuya , Fameau Anne‐Laure , Mitamura Koji , Watase Seiji , Higashimoto Shinya , Hirai Tomoyasu , Nakamura Yoshinobu , Fujii Syuji 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn recent years, fatty acids have garnered significant attention as a natural phase‐change material and a hydrophobizer due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this study, the utilization of fatty acid is proposed as a polymerization medium for the first time. As a specific reaction, chemical oxidative polymerizations of pyrrole is conducted using ferric chloride as an oxidant in a stearic acid medium. The polymerizations resulted in the production of micrometer‐sized polypyrrole (PPy) grains, which are aggregates of atypical primary particles with submicrometer size. The PPy grains are doped with stearic acid, suggesting that the stearic acid functioned as a dopant and a hydrophobizing agent as well as a polymerization medium. The dried PPy grains can adsorb at the air–water interface and function as a liquid marble stabilizer with light‐to‐heat photothermal properties. The liquid marble can move on a planar air‐water interface by Marangoni flow induced by NIR laser light irradiation.
Dual‐channel, high‐frequency optoelectronic oscillators utilizing optically‐injected lasers
Authors: Jeong Hyo‐Sang , Nguyen Anh‐Hang , Sung Hyuk‐Kee 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe propose a novel approach to dual‐channel optoelectronic oscillators (OEOs) with enhanced frequency band by leveraging directly modulated (DM) semiconductor lasers under optical injection. In this configuration, the frequency‐tuned optical signal from a master laser is introduced into a single‐mode slave laser, facilitating multioptical‐mode operation. The resulting multiple optical frequencies emitted by the slave laser facilitates a DM‐OEO signal at a frequency exceeding the laser's intrinsic modulation bandwidth. Through the deployment of a dual‐channel OEO based on the DM multimode laser signal, stable oscillation signals have been successfully achieved simultaneously at 15 and 18 GHz with phase noise levels of 96.43 and 95.62 dBc/Hz, respectively, at a 10‐kHz offset frequency.
The apparent seasonal biphenism in Drosophila suzukii stems in reality from continuous reaction norms
Authors: Colinet Hervé , Kustre Alexiane 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe spotted wing drosophila (SWD) is supposed to show only two distinct seasonal phenotypes: the dark, diapausing winter morph (WM) and the light, reproductively active summer morph (SM). It is unclear if these phenotypes result from a true developmental switch or from the expression of extreme phenotypes of continuous thermal reaction norms. This study aims to investigate this question by examining traits across a range of temperatures. Using 12 developmental temperatures (8 to 30 °C), we assessed traits including viability, growth, morphology, cold tolerance, metabolic rate, and ovarian maturation. Gradual increases in temperature induced gradual changes in all these traits, indicating classical nonlinear thermal reaction norms. Low temperatures (14 °C and below) produced flies with extended development, dark color, larger size, increased cold tolerance, reduced metabolism, and delayed oogenesis, characteristic of the WM. Given the months required for emergence and egg maturation at cold, distinct generations of SWD may develop in discrete environments resulting in an apparent biphenism. What appears to be distinct phenotypes (WM and SM) may actually result from continuous thermal reaction norms. This implies the need for precise terminology in SWD. We recommend using terms like ‘winter‐acclimated’ or ‘winter phenotype’ rather than ‘winter morph’. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
A model‐informed clinical trial simulation tool with a graphical user interface for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Kim Jongjin , Morales Juan Francisco , Kang Sanghoon , Klose Marian , Willcocks Rebecca J. , Daniels Michael J. , Belfiore‐Oshan Ramona , Walter Glenn A. , Rooney William D. , Vandenborne Krista , Kim Sarah 
Published: October 2024

AbstractQuantitative model‐based clinical trial simulation tools play a critical role in informing study designs through simulation before actual execution. These tools help drug developers explore various trial scenarios in silico to select a clinical trial design to detect therapeutic effects more efficiently, therefore reducing time, expense, and participants' burden. To increase the usability of the tools, user‐friendly and interactive platforms should be developed to navigate various simulation scenarios. However, developing such tools challenges researchers, requiring expertise in modeling and interface development. This tutorial aims to address this gap by guiding developers in creating tailored R Shiny apps, using an example of a model‐based clinical trial simulation tool that we developed for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). In this tutorial, the structural framework, essential controllers, and visualization techniques for analysis are described, along with key code examples such as criteria selection and power calculation. A virtual population was created using a machine learning algorithm to enlarge the available sample size to simulate clinical trial scenarios in the presented tool. In addition, external validation of the simulated outputs was conducted using a placebo arm of a recently published DMD trial. This tutorial will be particularly useful for developing clinical trial simulation tools based on DMD progression models for other end points and biomarkers. The presented strategies can also be applied to other diseases.
Active Sensing Strategy: Multi‐Modal, Multi‐Robot Source Localization and Mapping in Real‐World Settings With Fixed One‐Way Switching
Authors: Tran Vu Phi , Perera Asanka G. , Garratt Matthew A. , Kasmarik Kathryn , Anavatti Sreenatha G. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper introduces a state‐machine model designed for a multi‐modal, multi‐robot environmental sensing algorithm tailored to dynamic real‐world settings. The multi‐modal algorithm uniquely combines two distinct exploration strategies for gas source localization and mapping tasks: (1) an initial exploration phase using multi‐robot coverage path planning with variable formations, providing early gas field indication; and (2) a subsequent active sensing phase employing multi‐robot swarms for precise field estimation. The state machine provides the logic for the transition between these two sensing algorithms. In the exploration phase, a coverage path is generated, maximizing the visited area while measuring gas concentration and estimating the initial gas field at pre‐defined sample times. Subsequently, in the active sensing phase, mobile robots moving in a swarm collaborate to select the next measurement point by broadcasting potential positions and reward values, ensuring coordinated and efficient sensing for a multi‐robot swarm system. System validation involves hardware‐in‐the‐loop experiments and real‐time experiments with a radio source emulating a gas field. The proposed approach is rigorously benchmarked against state‐of‐the‐art single‐mode active sensing and gas source localization techniques. The comprehensive evaluation highlights the multi‐modal switching approach's capacity to expedite convergence, adeptly navigate obstacles in dynamic environments, and significantly enhance the accuracy of gas source location predictions. These findings highlight the effectiveness of our approach, showing significant improvements: a 43% reduction in turnaround time, a 50% increase in estimation accuracy, and enhanced robustness of multi‐robot environmental sensing in cluttered scenarios without collisions. These advancements surpass the performance of conventional active sensing strategies, the partial differential equation model, and geometrical localization approaches, underscoring the efficacy of our method.
PAD4 Inhibitor‐Loaded Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheets as a Multifunctional Nanoplatform for Photodynamic Therapy‐Mediated Tumor Metastasis Treatment
Authors: Chen Rong , Hu Tingting , Lu Yu , Yang Shuqing , Zhang Min , Tan Chaoliang , Liang Ruizheng , Wang Yuji 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is demonstrated to be effective in inducing antitumor immune responses for tumor metastasis treatment. However, tumor hypoxia, inferior tissue penetration of light, and low singlet oxygen (1O2) quantum yield significantly hamper the efficacy of PDT, thus weakening its immune function. Moreover, PDT‐mediated neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation can further reduce the therapeutic effectiveness. Herein, the use of defect‐rich CoMo‐layered double hydroxide (DR‐CoMo‐LDH) nanosheets as a carrier to load a typical peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 inhibitor, i.e., YW4‐03, to construct a multifunctional nanoagent (403@DR‐LDH) for PDT/immunotherapy, is reported. Specifically, 403@DR‐LDH inherits excellent 1O2 generation activity under 1550 nm laser irradiation and improves the half‐life of YW4‐03. Meanwhile, 403@DR‐LDH plus 1550 nm laser irradiation can stimulate immunogenic cell death to promote the maturation of dendric cells and activation/infiltration of T cells and significantly downregulate H3cit protein expression to inhibit NETs formation, synergistically promoting the antitumor metastasis effect. Taken together, 403@DR‐LDH can kill cancer cells and inhibit tumor growth/metastasis under 1550 nm laser irradiation. Single‐cell analysis indicates that 403@DR‐LDH can regulate the ratio of immune cells and immune‐related proteins to improve the tumor immune microenvironment, showing strong efficacy to inhibit the tumor growth, metastasis, and recurrence.
Enhanced Electrical Polarization in van der Waals α‐In2Se3 Ferroelectric Semiconductor Field‐Effect Transistors by Eliminating Surface Screening Charge
Authors: Kim Jong‐Hyun , Kim Seung‐Hwan , Yu Hyun‐Yong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA van der Waals (vdW) α‐In2Se3 ferroelectric semiconductor channel–based field‐effect transistor (FeS‐FET) has emerged as a next‐generation electronic device owing to its versatility in various fields, including neuromorphic computing, nonvolatile memory, and optoelectronics. However, screening charges cause by the imperfect surface morphology of vdW α‐In2Se3 inhibiting electrical polarization remain an unresolved issue. In this study, for the first time, a method is elucidated to recover the inherent electric polarization in both in‐ and out‐of‐plane directions of the α‐In2Se3 channel based on post‐exfoliation annealing (PEA) and improve the electrical performance of vdW FeS‐FETs. Following PEA, an ultra‐thin In2Se3−3xO3x layer formed on the top surface of the α‐In2Se3 channel is demonstrated to passivate surface defects and enhance the electrical performance of FeS‐FETs. The on/off current ratio of the α‐In2Se3 FeS‐FET has increased from 5.99 to 1.84 × 106, and the magnitude of ferroelectric resistance switching has increased from 1.20 to 26.01. Moreover, the gate‐modulated artificial synaptic operation of the α‐In2Se3 FeS‐FET is demonstrated and illustrate the significance of the engineered interface in the vdW FeS‐FET for its application to multifunctional devices. The proposed α‐In2Se3 FeS‐FET is expected to provide a significant breakthrough for advanced memory devices and neuromorphic computing.
Elucidating siRNA Cellular Delivery Mechanism Mediated by Quaternized Starch Nanoparticles
Authors: Amar‐Lewis Eliz , Cohen Limor , Chintakunta Ramesh , Benafsha Chen , Lavi Yael , Goldbart Riki , Traitel Tamar , Gheber Levi A. , Kost Joseph 
Published: October 2024

AbstractStarch‐based nanoparticles are highly utilized in the realm of drug delivery taking advantage of their biocompatibility and biodegradability. Studies have utilized Quaternized starch (Q‐starch) for small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery, in which quaternary amines enable interaction with negatively charged siRNA, resulting in self‐assembly complexation. Although reports present numerous applications, the demonstrated efficacy is nonetheless limited due to undiscovered cellular mechanistic delivery. In this study, a deep dive into Q‐starch/siRNA complexes’ cellular mechanism and kinetics at the cellular level is revealed using single‐particle tracking and cell population level using imaging flow cytometry. Uptake studies depict the efficient cellular internalization via endocytosis while a significant fraction of complexes’ intracellular fate is lysosome. Utilizing single‐particle tracking, it is found that an average of 15% of cellular detected complexes escape the endosome which holds the potential for the integration in the cytoplasmatic gene silencing mechanism. Additional experimental manipulations (overcoming endosomal escape) demonstrate that the complex's disassembly is the rate‐limiting step, correlating Q‐starch's structure‐function properties as siRNA carrier. Structure‐function properties accentuating the high affinity of the interaction between Q‐starch's quaternary groups and siRNA's phosphate groups that results in low release efficiency. However, low‐frequency ultrasound (20 kHz) application may have induced siRNA release resulting in faster gene silencing kinetics.
Mechanoluminescent/Electric Dual‐Mode Sensors Enabled by Trace Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Zhang Kaiying , Chang Shulong , Shang Yuanyuan , Liu Wenjin , Peng Danni , Deng Yuan , Dai Shuge , Shan Chong‐Xin , Dong Lin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMechanoluminescence (ML)‐based sensors are emerging as promising wearable devices, attracting attention for their self‐powered visualization of mechanical stimuli. However, challenges such as weak brightness, high activation threshold, and intermittent signal output have hindered their development. Here, a mechanoluminescent/electric dual‐mode strain sensor is presented that offers enhanced ML sensing and reliable electrical sensing simultaneously. The strain sensor is fabricated via an optimized dip‐coating method, featuring a sandwich structure with a single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) interlayer and two polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/ZnS:Cu luminescence layers. The integral mechanical reinforcement framework provided by the SWNT interlayer improves the ML intensity of the SWNT/PDMS/ZnS:Cu composite film. Compared to conventional nanoparticle fillers, the ML intensity is enhanced nearly tenfold with a trace amount of SWNT (only 0.01 wt.%). In addition, the excellent electrical conductivity of SWNT forms a conductive network, ensuring continuous and stable electrical sensing. These strain sensors enable comprehensive and precise monitoring of human behavior through both electrical (relative resistance change) and optical (ML intensity) methods, paving the way for the development of advanced visual sensing and smart wearable electronics in the future.
A study on bioconvective peristaltic flow of a Casson nanofluid in a porous uniform/ non‐uniform flexible conduit
Authors: Ajithkumar M. , Lakshminarayana P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis investigation presents a unique mathematical model that integrates a comparative study on the Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) bioconvective peristaltic transport of Casson nanofluid in a porous uniform/non‐uniform elastic channel with wall properties. The effects of thermal radiation, heat source, chemical reaction, partial slip conditions, Soret, and Dufour are analyzed in the flow scenario. The present model inspired numerous implementations in biological engineering, bio‐fertilizers, biofuels, enzymes, solar transceiver systems, heat transfer engineering, power storage units, and so forth. The homotopy perturbation technique (HPM) is employed to provide an analytical solution to the system of simplified non‐dimensional governing equations with the help of a lubrication approach. The influence of different parameters on the axial velocity, temperature, concentration, density of the motile microorganism, heat transfer coefficient, and streamlines are examined through various graphs and tables. According to the observations, an increase in the chemical reaction parameter decreases the density of motile microorganisms. In addition, a comparison is made between a uniform and non‐uniform channel through tabular data and graphical representations. It is detected that the fluid velocity and temperature are increased in the non‐uniform channel when compared to the uniform channel.
Effect of Control Laws for Torque-Vectoring Systems on Steady-State Cornering in Race Cars
Authors: Kobayashi Ikkei , Yoshida Fumiya , Fu Liting , Ebashi Yusuke , Yamada Hayato , Kuroda Jumpei , Uchino Daigo , Ogawa Kazuki , Ikeda Keigo , Kato Taro , Endo Ayato , Peeie Mohamad Heerwan Bin , Kato Hideaki , Narita Takayoshi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of the control law for a torque-vectoring system that actively distributes left and right drive torques to maximize the steady-state cornering performance of a rear-wheel drive race car. The control law allocates torque to the left and right vertical load distribution. Steady-state analysis results show that the maximum lateral acceleration could be improved by 7.8% by decreasing the maximum slip ratio and altering the point at which the yaw moment is trimmed compared to the existing passive system. Furthermore, the stability of the system is reduced, and measures to ensure stability are presented.
Vehicle State Estimation Through Dynamics Modeled Factor Graph
Authors: Dahal Pragyan , Arrigoni Stefano , Bijelic Mario , Braghin Francesco 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEgo Vehicle state estimation is integral to every autonomous driving software stack. Thereby, the estimation of the state and its components as for example the side slip angle, is a crucial component to track the vehicle maneuvers. In the absence of a direct sensor measuring side slip angle, most of the existing literature either use observers like Kalman Filters or non-modular factor graphs by modeling lateral dynamics. However, the modularity of such graphs, to integrate multiple asynchronous sensors that provide disentangled measurements, like LiDAR, GNSS, and IMU is still overlooked in the literature. In this work, we propose a novel factor graph-based architecture that builds upon the vehicle dynamics at its core to enable the fusion of multiple sensors asynchronously and enables to perform robust and accurate state estimation.We validate the proposed algorithm against two baselines, a model-based Extended Kalman Filter and a factor graph-based state estimator that uses the IMU pre-integration factor as a reference factor. The algorithms are validated in a custom dataset collected using an in-house vehicle.