bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Significance of Hydrate Formation/Dissociation during CO2 Injection in Depleted Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Indina V. , Fernandes B. R. B. , Delshad M. , Farajzadeh R. , Sepehrnoori K. 
Published: October 2024

Summary
The study aims to quantitatively assess the risk of hydrate formation within the porous formation and its consequences on injectivity during storage of CO2 in depleted gas reservoirs considering low temperatures caused by the Joule-Thomson (JT) effect and hydrate kinetics. Hydrates formed during CO2 storage operation can occupy porous spaces in the reservoir rock, reducing the rock’s permeability and thus becoming a hindrance to the storage project. The aim was to understand which mechanisms can mitigate or prevent the formation of hydrates. The key mechanisms we studied included water dry-out, heat exchange with surrounding rock formation, and capillary pressure. A semicompositional thermal reservoir simulator is used to model the fluid and heat flow of CO2 through a reservoir initially composed of brine and methane. The simulator can model the formation and dissociation of both methane and CO2 hydrates using kinetic reactions. This approach has the advantage of computing the amount of hydrate deposited and estimating its effects on the porosity and permeability alteration. Sensitivity analyses are also carried out to investigate the impact of different parameters and mechanisms on the deposition of hydrates and the injectivity of CO2. Simulation results for a simplified model were verified with results from the literature. The key results of this work are as follows: (1) The JT effect strongly depends on the reservoir permeability and initial pressure and could lead to the formation of hydrates within the porous media even when the injected CO2 temperature was higher than the hydrate equilibrium temperature; (2) the heat gain from underburden and overburden rock formations could prevent hydrates formed at late time; (3) permeability reduction increased the formation of hydrates due to an increased JT cooling; and (4) water dry-out near the wellbore did not prevent hydrate formation. Finally, the role of capillary pressure was quite complex, as it reduced the formation of hydrates in certain cases and increased in other cases. Simulating this process with heat flow and hydrate reactions was also shown to present severe numerical issues. It was critical to select convergence criteria and linear system tolerances to avoid large material balance and numerical errors.
Innovative Nanotechnology for Enhancing Bridging System Supports Stabilizing Drilling Deep Formations
Authors: Qassem Al Saqer , Zainab Alabdulmohsen , Abdullah Al-Shubaith , Abdullah Asiri 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Drilling operations of deep oil and gas formations are exceedingly difficult tasks specifically when performed at challenging wells with narrow pressure windows, high overbalance, and cleaning hole difficulties. A flat rheology sealing-based fluid with an optimized bridging system containing a deformable polymer nano in size can overcome the challenges by controlling the equivalent circulation density (ECD), enhancing sealing package and improving hole cleaning efficiency.
A flat rheology fluid system provides excellent drilling performance with minimal changes in rheological profile through the temperature changes while drilling. Will discuss in this paper an extensive laboratory work performed to formulate a fluid containing nano-polymers to prove its ability as enhancing sealing particle with different bridging materials sizes, to form a flat rheology system, and to generate a thin stable filter cake.
Experiments were performed using dynamic HPHT fluid loss test to simulate filter cake build up, and Permeability Plugging Test (PPT) with different size ceramic disk at different differential pressures &lt;6000 psi, and temperatures close to 320°F.
The designed system contains a dry deformable polymer used for sealing shale formations and promoting wellbore stability. The polymer is nano in scale and allows the system to seal micro-pores and micro-fractures in shale formations preventing fluid invasion and reduce fluid loss. The polymer is thermally stable and provides a steady rheological profile.
The laboratory results showed 30-50 % decrease in PPT fluid loss values when using the nano-polymer to enhance the sealing capacity of the bridging agents.
Successful field stories from rigs executing flat rheology system are also discussed. The enhanced flat fluids at different densities and temperatures were applied in the field, achieving a smooth drilling operation with excellent hole cleaning.
The nano-polymer sealing material is an innovative technology that would help to achieve flat rheology fluid while isolating the fracture tip to reduce fracture propagation and permeability of the filter cake while bridging the fracture. The technology effectively reduces the instability associated with pressure sensitive shale and minimize stuck pipe tendencies.
Experimental Study on Plugging Behavior of Multitype Temporary Plugging Agents in Hydraulic Fractures
Authors: Xu Wenjun , Jiang Feng , Wang Lei , Liao Yuanai , Qiu Shun 
Published: October 2024

Summary
Various types of temporary plugging agents are used in hydraulic fracturing to promote the uniform propagation of multicluster hydraulic fractures and increase the complexity of hydraulic fractures. However, the plugging behavior of these agents in hydraulic fractures has not yet been fully clarified, making the optimization of temporary plugging formulas challenging. In this study, dozens of plugging experiments were carried out to reveal the plugging behavior of pure fiber, pure particle, and fiber-particle combination materials in hydraulic fractures. The results indicate that the high fiber concentration and long fibers are beneficial to obtaining high maximum plugging pressures. However, the low tensile strength of fibers makes it difficult to form stable plugging layers under high pressure, especially for wide fractures. For particle plugging agents, the high rigidity of the particles prevents them from compacting tightly within the plugging layer, resulting in high permeability and low temporary plugging pressure. Excessive particle diameter and concentration tend to cause rapid blockage at the fracture entrance, leading to poor plugging performance. In contrast, the fiber-particle composite plugging scheme can form a stable and tight plugging layer at lower concentrations of both fibers and particles. Moreover, replacing single-size particles in composite with multisize particles can further enhance the plugging effect, allowing for a higher plugging pressure with a lower dosage of temporary plugging agents. Comprehensively considering the effects of material concentration and size on the plugging effect, the critical plugging quantitative characterization equations for pure fiber, pure particle, and fiber-particle combination plugging schemes are established respectively, with fracture width as the independent variable and the product of material concentration and size as the dependent variable. The temporary plugging schemes for various hydraulic fracture widths can be preliminarily determined using these equations. Based on the principle of economic optimization, the optimal temporary plugging schemes with consideration of the plugging pressure requirements were selected, which have shown good field application performance.
Structure of METTL3-METTL14 with an m6A nucleotide reveals insights into m6A conversion and sensing
Authors: Qi Shan , Kumar Abhay , Chen Shuang , Zhou Shuo , Parihar Manish , Villalobos Carmen , Gupta Navom , Chan Siu-Hong , Rao Manjeet K. , McHardy Stanton F. , Haider Shozeb , Gupta Yogesh K. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The nuclear METTL3-METTL14 transfers a methyl group from SAM to convert the N6 of adenosine (A) in RNA to m6A and in ssDNA to 6mA. m6A marks are prevalent in eukaryotic mRNAs and lncRNAs and modulate their stability and fate in a context-dependent manner. The cytoplasmic METTL3 can act as a m6A reader. However, the precise mechanism during m6A writing, reading, or sensing is unclear. Here, we present a ~2.5 Å structure of the methyltransferase core of human METTL3-METTL14 in complex with the reaction product mimic, N6-methyladenosine monophosphate (m6A), representing a state post-catalysis but before the release of m6A. m6A occupies an evolutionarily conserved RNA-binding pocket ~16 Å away from the SAM pocket that also frequently mutates in cancer. We propose a two-step model of swiveling of target A upon conversion to m6A and sensing its methylation status by this pocket, enabling it to actuate enzymes’ switch from writer to an m6A-sensor. Cancer-associated mutations show impaired RNA binding dynamics, de-stacking, and defective m6A writing and sensing.
Intricate Interactions between Fine-Scale Genetic Structure, Lifestyle, and Dietary Habits in the Japanese Population
Authors: Seiya Imoto , Chen Yichi , Katayama Kotoe , Ishida Sachiko 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The fine-scale genetic structure within populations, focusing on demographic histories and migration patterns, has been explored previously. However, limited attention has been paid to understanding how genetic structure influences lifestyle and dietary habits within an epidemiological framework. This study explored the fine-scale genetic structure within a homogeneous Japanese population using advanced unsupervised learning techniques—Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP), and Density- Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN)—coupled with direct-to-consumer genetic testing data. We investigated the associated genetic factors and examined the relationship between the genetic structure and geographic ancestry. Additionally, using cross-sectional data and multinomial logistic regression, we further elucidated the nuanced impacts of lifestyle and dietary factors across genetic clusters, emphasizing the importance of integrating genetic data with epidemiological research. This study introduces a novel framework for genetic epidemiology that considers both genetic and environmental influences.
Unlocking Math Potential in Students from Lower SES Backgrounds – Using Instructional Scaffolds to Improve Performance
Authors: Bach Katharina M. , Reinhold Frank , Hofer Sarah I. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Socioeconomic status (SES) influences school success. Students with lower SES may face challenges that this study tries to address by instructional scaffolding. To be effective, such support needs to consider students’ individual strengths and weaknesses. In this study, 321 sixth-grade students used an e-textbook about fractions. They were randomly assigned to receive either adaptive task difficulty, explanatory feedback, or dynamic visualizations as scaffolds or no scaffolding. We assessed their fraction knowledge at pre- and post-test and nine cognitive and motivational-affective variables. Latent profile analyses identified three profiles, with students with lower SES commonly associated with the two profiles with unfavorable learning prerequisites. A linear mixed model revealed that adaptive task difficulty significantly benefited students in the profile with the least favorable prerequisites. Implementing adaptive task difficulty in Math classes might mitigate challenges associated with lower SES, enhancing educational success and equity by addressing individual prerequisites and learning needs.
Breaking the Silence: Confidence and Barriers in Raising Concerns Among Undergraduate Dental Students – “A National Study”
Authors: Hassouneh Layla , Ali Kamran , Glanville Rebecca , Nazzal Hani , Aljamani Sanaa , Quadier Nabilah , Matoug-Elwerfelli Manal 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Raising concerns in clinical settings, also known as whistleblowing, is vital for safeguarding patient safety and improving the quality of care. Despite research on whistleblowing in medical and nursing fields, there is limited evidence on this topic within dental education. This study aims to assess the self-reported confidence of undergraduate dental students in raising concerns and identify the barriers they encounter.
Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized an online close-ended questionnaire distributed via Google Forms to senior undergraduate dental students from Jordan University of Science and Technology and the University of Jordan. Data collection was voluntary, with subsequent analysis performed using RStudio (version 2023.06.2) incorporating R version 4.0.5. Descriptive statistics including confidence intervals were calculated for each item and for the combined dataset. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to determine any significant variation between the results by gender and stage of study.
Results: The findings revealed that while students generally felt confident raising concerns related to patient safety, their confidence diminishes when addressing issues related to the conduct of clinical staff or peers. Common barriers reported included fear of causing trouble, lack of support, and fear of being ignored. ANOVA revealed significant variation by gender and year of study, with female students and final-year students reporting greater self-confidence in raising concerns (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Although dental students show a reasonable level of confidence in raising concerns, the study also identified several barriers. To enhance student confidence and ensure patient safety, it is crucial to improve the supportive environment in dental schools and establish effective reporting mechanisms. Future research should explore the impact of cultural factors on raising concerns in clinical settings and identify additional strategies to support students in raising concerns.
Impact of Drought on Global Food Security by 2050
Authors: Kraklow Vachel , Paff Kirsten , Comeau Darin , Solander Kurt , Pitts Travis , Price Stephen , Xu Chonggang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

We investigated global food security in response to drought using a process-based crop model within an Earth system model. Globally, future drought losses for annual maize, soybean, rice, and wheat production are projected to be <2%. Despite the small change at the global scale, 62 countries may face drought losses >10% and 24 countries >20%. Vulnerability is highest in countries with lower GDP and higher projected population growth.
A novel Lumbo-Peritoneal Shunt System Including a Gravitational Unit: First Experiences and Clinical Perspectives
Authors: Oros Jan , Kendlbacher Paul , Jussen Daniel , Qasem Lina E. , Finger Tobias , Czabanka Marcus , Prinz Vincent 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In Europe and North America, hydrocephalus is commonly treated with ventriculo-peritoneal shunts (VPS), while in Japan and other Asian countries, lumboperitoneal shunts (LPS) are preferred. Despite the risk of overdrainage, no adaptable valve with an integrated gravitational unit was available for LPS until recently. We report on a novel modular valve system designed for LPS. We retrospectively analyzed 24 patients who underwent LPS implantation between March 2023 and July 2024. The median age was 64.5 years, with various etiologies including posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (41.7%), idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (37.5%), and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (8.3%). LPS was also used as salvage therapy in three cases with complex cranial wounds. Relevant complications requiring reoperation occurred in 16.7% of patients, with peritoneal catheter dislocation accounting for 75% of these cases. Overdrainage was observed in 20.8% of patients, but only one serious event necessitated LPS removal. Follow-up showed improvements in gait and vision for iNPH and IIH patients, respectively. This study is the first to use the novel LPS with an integrated gravitational unit, showing promising outcomes across various hydrocephalus etiologies and highlighting its potential as a salvage option for complex cases. Further research with larger cohorts is needed.
HMGB-1 as a predictor of major bleeding requiring activation of a massive transfusion protocol in severe trauma
Authors: Frelich Michal , Bebej Marek , Pavlíček Jan , Burša Filip , Vodička Vojtěch , Švagera Zdeněk , Kondé Adéla , Jor Ondřej , Bílená Markéta , Romanová Tereza , Sklienka Peter 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Massive bleeding causes approximately 50% of deaths in patients with major trauma. Most patients die within 6 hours of injury, which is preventable in at least 10% of cases. For these patients, early activation of the massive transfusion protocol (MTP) is a critical survival factor. With severe trauma, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1, i.e., amphoterin) is released into the blood, and its levels correlate with the development of a systemic inflammatory response, traumatic coagulopathy, and fibrinolysis. Previous work has shown that higher levels of HMGB-1 are associated with a higher use of red blood cell transfusions. We conducted a retrospective analysis of previous prospective single-center study to assess the value of admission HMGB-1 levels in predicting activation of MTP in the emergency department.
Methods
From July 11, 2019, to April 23, 2022, a total of 104 consecutive adult patients with severe trauma (injury severity score > 16) were enrolled. A blood sample was taken at admission, and HMGB-1 was measured. MTP activation in the emergency department was recorded in the study documentation. The total amount of blood products and fibrinogen administered to patients within 6 hours of admission was monitored.
Results
Among those patients with massive bleeding requiring MTP activation, we found significantly higher levels of HMGB-1 compared to patients without MTP activation (median [interquartile range]: 84.3 µg/L [34.2–145.9] vs. 21.1 µg/L [15.7–30.4]; p < 0.001). HMGB-1 level showed good performance in predicting MTP activation, with an area under the curve of 0.84 (95% CI 0.75–0.93) and a cut-off value of 30.55 µg/L. HMGB-1 levels correlated significantly with the number of red blood cell units (rs [95% CI] 0.46 [0.28–0.61]; p < 0.001), units of fresh frozen plasma (rs 0.46 [0.27–0.61]; p < 0.001), platelets (rs 0.48 [0.30–0.62]; p < 0.001), and fibrinogen (rs 0.48 [0.32–0.62]; p < 0.001) administered in the first 6 hours after hospital admission.
Conclusions
Admission HMGB-1 levels reliably predict severe bleeding requiring MTP activation in the emergency department and correlate with the amount of blood products and fibrinogen administered during the first 6 hours of hemorrhagic shock resuscitation.
Trial registration
NCT03986736 Registration date: June 4, 2019
Azvudine-Centered Comprehensive Therapeutic Strategy for the Treatment of COVID-19 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients in the Developing World: An Observational Pilot Study
Authors: Li Xiaoyu , Xu Xin , Leng Wenyuan , Dong Lei , Ji Xing , Zhu Zhenpeng , Xu Chunru , Zhang Meng , Shen Cheng , Xiong Gengyan , Han Wenke , Lin Jian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a serious challenge for kidney transplant recipients due to their immunocompromised status. Azvudine may be effective in treating COVID-19 in these patients, but its overall efficacy remains unclear.
Methods
Twenty kidney transplant COVID-19 patients at Peking University First Hospital received Azvudine-centered treatment from December 2022 to January 2023. Patients were diagnosed via COVID-19 nucleic acid testing. Demographics and treatment outcomes were collected.
Results
The median duration of Azvudine therapy was 9.6 days (7–14 days), and the median conversion time from positive to negative was 13.22 days (5–33 days). Transplanted renal function improved significantly (estimated glomerular filtration rate increased by 27.29 ml/min/1.73m2, t = 9.755, p < 0.0001; serum creatinine decreased by 57.72 µmol/L, t = 10.45 p < 0.0001). All patients experienced internal environment imbalance during treatment. Half had co-infections, with Mycoplasma pneumonia being the most common (7/20, 35%). The average cost of Azvudine was 220.44 RMB (94.56-342.78 RMB). After a 1-year follow-up, 70% (14/20) of patients maintained normal transplanted kidney function. No Azvudine-related complications were observed, indicating the therapy's initial safety.
Conclusion
This single-center study suggests that Azvudine-centered therapy may be effective and safe for COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients. Azvudine could be a cost-effective alternative for those with poor access to first-line anti-COVID-19 agents.
Online peer mentoring for youth with learning differences
Authors: Mercier Alecia , Paquette Brianna , Hoeft Fumiko , Richter Caroline G. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Youth with learning differences (e.g., specific learning disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) encounter exacerbated psychological and behavioral challenges compared to typically developing peers. Peer mentoring has proven beneficial in addressing such challenges, yet there is limited research on the efficacy of online peer mentorship programs for this population. This study investigates the effects of an online peer mentoring program on mentees’ mental health, wellbeing, and behavior across 10 outcomes: anxiety, depression, fear, cognitive challenges, behavioral concerns, executive function, sleep difficulties, self-care, interpersonal skills, and self-esteem/self- confidence. Parents retrospectively reported on their child’s mental health, wellbeing, and behavior prior to and since receiving online mentorship. Results indicated significant improvements across all outcomes following online mentorship. These findings highlight the effectiveness of online peer mentorship programs, emphasizing its potential as a valuable tool for supporting youth with learning differences.
The Development and Future of Robotic Distal Pancreatectomy: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Yang Jun , Liu Zixiong , Li Juntao , Luo Quanneng , Ten Xiong , Zhou Minjie , Cheng Wei , Cheng Kang , Zhou Lei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose:With the increasing adoption of robot-assisted surgery, particularly in distal pancreatectomy, the field has gained significant traction. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to explore the current landscape, research focuses, and emerging trends in robot-assisted distal pancreatectomy (RDP).
Methods:Utilizing the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), this study identified relevant publications spanning from 2002 to 2024. Analytical tools such as CiteSpace (v6.2.R6) and VOSviewer (v1.6.20) were employed to assess various dimensions including publication quantity, countries, institutions, journals, authors, references, keywords.
Results:A total of 385 journal articles were reviewed, revealing a consistent annual growth in publications over the study period. The United States, England, and Italy emerged as prominent contributors to RDP research, with Amsterdam University and Rotterdam University leading in institutional productivity. "Surgical Endoscopy and Other Interventional Techniques" emerged as the primary journal for RDP publications, featuring high citation rates. Notably, authors Besselink MG and Zureikat AH were identified for their substantial contributions to the field. Research hotspots identified through bibliometric analysis include indications, safety and efficacy, surgical techniques, and the learning curve of RDP. There is a potential emerging interest in Finding higher-level evidence to explore RDP's efficacy for pancreatic cancer treatment as a future research direction.
Conclusion:This study represents the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis of RDP, offering insights into its development, identifying current research hotspots, and predicting future trends. The findings of our study provide practical information for other scholars to grasp research hotspots and research trends.