bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Uncommon Channel‐Based Ln‐MOFs for Highly Selective Fe3+ Detection and Superior Rhodamine B Adsorption
Authors: Xing Shanghua , Bing Qiming , Song Lifei , Li Guanghua , Liu Jingyao , Shi Zhan , Feng Shouhua , Xu Ruren 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTwo new isostructural 3D lanthanide–organic frameworks [H2N(Me)2] [Ln3(OH)(bpt)3(H2O)3] (DMF)2⋅(H2O)4 (1‐Ln; Ln=Sm and Eu) with a 1D channel (25 Å) have been successfully assembled from the rare trinuclear [Ln3(OH)(COO)9] clusters and biphenyl‐3,4′,5‐tricarboxylic acid (H3bpt) and exhibit high stability towards water in the pH range 3–10. MOF 1‐Eu is a promising luminescent probe for sensing Fe3+ in aqueous solution and is also selective towards rhodamine B (RhB) with a superior adsorption capacity of 735 mg g−1, which is the highest among the reported Ln‐MOFs for RhB removal so far. Periodic DFT calculations further confirmed the selective adsorption of rhodamine B over other dyes.
A phase 2 study of dalantercept, an activin receptor‐like kinase‐1 ligand trap, in patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Jimeno Antonio , Posner Marshall R. , Wirth Lori J. , Saba Nabil F. , Cohen Roger B. , Popa Elizabeta C. , Argiris Athanassios , Grossmann Kenneth F. , Sukari Ammar , Wilson Dawn , Zhang Xiaosha , Sun Jade , Glasser Chad , Attie Kenneth M. , Sherman Matthew L. , Pandya Susan S. , Weiss Jared 
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUNDPatients with platinum‐refractory, recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (RM‐SCCHN) have limited options. Activin receptor‐like kinase 1 (ALK1) is a type I receptor of the transforming growth factor β superfamily expressed on activated endothelial cells. Dalantercept is an ALK1 receptor fusion protein that acts as a ligand trap to block signaling through ALK1 and inhibits stages of angiogenesis involved in blood vessel maturation and stabilization. In a phase 1 study, dalantercept demonstrated clinical activity in patients with RM‐SCCHN. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the activity of dalantercept in RM‐SCCHN.METHODSForty‐six patients received dalantercept at doses of 80 mg (n = 2), 0.6 mg/kg (n = 13), or 1.2 mg/kg (n = 31) subcutaneously every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was the overall response rate according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST version 1.1). Secondary endpoints included progression‐free survival and overall survival, safety and tolerability, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic assessments.RESULTSForty patients were evaluable for response (13 who received dalantercept 0.6 mg/kg and 27 who received dalantercept 1.2 mg/kg). The overall response rate was 5% (n = 2), and 35% of patients had stable disease; 44% of patients who received 1.2 mg/kg and 30.8% of those who received 0.6 mg/kg achieved disease control (partial response or stable disease). The median progression‐fee survival was 1.4 months (95% confidence interval, 1.3‐2.2 months), and the median overall survival was 7.1 months (95% confidence interval, 5.5‐11.1 months). Drug‐related adverse events (>15%) were anemia, fatigue, peripheral edema, headache, and hyponatremia.CONCLUSIONSIn an unselected, heavily pretreated population of patients with RM‐SCCHN, dalantercept monotherapy resulted in a favorable safety profile but only modest dose‐dependent activity, and it did not meet the primary efficacy objective of the study. Cancer 2016;122:3641‐9. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
On the Two‐Dimensional Muskat Problem with Monotone Large Initial Data
Authors: Deng Fan , Lei Zhen , Lin Fanghua 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe consider the evolution of two incompressible, immiscible fluids with different densities in porous media, known as the Muskat problem [21], which in two dimensions is analogous to the Hele‐Shaw cell [24]. We establish, for a class of large and monotone initial data, the global existence of weak solutions. The proof is based on a local well‐posedness result for the initial data with certain specific asymptotics at spatial infinity and a new maximum principle for the first derivative of the graph function.© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fast Water Relaxation through One‐Dimensional Channels by Rapid Energy Transfer
Authors: Ohba Tomonori , Ideta Keiko , Hata Koichiro , Yoon Seong‐Ho , Miyawaki Jin , Hata Kenji 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWater in carbon nanotubes is surrounded by hydrophobic carbon surfaces and shows anomalous structural and fast transport properties. However, the dynamics of water in hydrophobic nanospaces is only phenomenologically understood. In this study, water dynamics in hydrophobic carbon nanotubes is evaluated based on water relaxation using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. Extremely fast relaxation (0.001 s) of water confined in carbon nanotubes of 1 nm in diameter on average is observed; the relaxation times of water confined in carbon nanotubes with an average diameter of 2 nm (0.40 s) is similar to that of bulk water (0.44 s). The extremely fast relaxation time of water confined in carbon nanotubes with an average diameter of 1 nm is a result of frequent energy transfer between water and carbon surfaces. Water relaxation in carbon nanotubes of average diameter 2 nm is slow because of the limited number of collisions between water molecules. The dynamics of interfacial water can therefore be controlled by varying the size of the hydrophobic nanospace.
Amplitude and phase dynamics of noisy oscillators
Authors: Bonnin Michele 
Published: September 2016

SummaryA description in terms of phase and amplitude variables is given for nonlinear oscillators subject to white Gaussian noise described by Itô stochastic differential equations. The stochastic differential equations derived for the amplitude and the phase are rigorous, and their validity is not limited to the weak noise limit. It is shown that if Floquet vectors are used, then in the neighborhood of a limit cycle the phase variable coincides with the asymptotic phase defined through isochrons. Two techniques for the analysis of the phase and amplitude equations are discussed, that is, asymptotic expansion method and a phase reduction procedure based on projection operators technique. Formulas for the expected angular frequency, expected oscillation amplitude, and amplitude variance are derived using Itô calculus. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Xanthine oxidase inhibition for the treatment of cardiovascular disease: an updated systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Jufen , Dierckx Riet , Mohee Kevin , Clark Andrew L. , Cleland John G. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have shown that xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOI) might improve outcome for patients with cardiovascular disease. However, more evidence is required.Methods and resultsWe published a meta‐analysis of trials conducted before 2014 examining the effects of XOI on mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease. At least two further trials (N = 323 patients) have since been published. Accordingly, we repeated our analysis after a further search for randomized controlled trials of XOI in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Databases. We identified eight relevant trials with 1031 patients. The average age of the patients was 61 years and 68% were men (one study did not report gender). There were 57 deaths in these eight trials, 26 in those assigned to XOI, and 31 in those assigned to the control. The updated meta‐analysis could not confirm a reduction in mortality for patients assigned to XOI compared with placebo (odds ratio 0.84) but 95% confidence intervals were wide (0.48–1.47).ConclusionsThis updated meta‐analysis does not suggest that XOI exert a large reduction in mortality but also cannot exclude the possibility of substantial harm or benefit.
Prevalence of lactic acidaemia in patients with advanced heart failure and depressed cardiac output
Authors: Adamo Luigi , Nassif Michael E. , Novak Erik , LaRue Shane J. , Mann Douglas L. 
Published: September 2016

AimsHeart failure (HF) has been defined classically as a condition in which the heart is unable to deliver sufficient oxygen to match the needs of the metabolizing tissues. Surprisingly, this definition has never been validated. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of elevated lactate levels in a cohort of patients with advanced heart failure.Methods and resultsWe retrospectively analysed the arterio‐venous oxygen difference (A–V O2), haemodynamics, and plasma lactate levels in stage D heart failure patients who were being evaluated for a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). We identified 359 patients with a right heart catheterization (RHC) performed prior to LVAD implantation. Plasma lactate was available for 96 patients. RHC showed that 93% of the patients had an A–V O2 above the upper limit of normal (>5 mL/100 mL). Among patients with measured lactate levels, the prevalence of elevated lactate (>2.1 mmol/L) was 25% (95% confidence interval 16.7–34.9). The A–V O2 was widened in all patients with elevated lactate, but plasma lactate did not correlate with A–V O2 (r = 0.02) and only 27% of patients with increased A–V O2 had elevated plasma lactate.ConclusionsLactate levels were normal in ∼75% of the patients with advanced heart failure and a widened A–V O2, suggesting that the cardiac output was sufficient to meet the metabolic needs of the peripheral metabolizing tissues. Given that ∼4% of heart failure patients are in NYHA class IV, these findings suggest that the classic definition of heart failure pertains to ∼1% of patients with HF.
Carotid body resection for sympathetic modulation in systolic heart failure: results from first‐in‐man study
Authors: Niewinski Piotr , Janczak Dariusz , Rucinski Artur , Tubek Stanislaw , Engelman Zoar J. , Piesiak Pawel , Jazwiec Przemyslaw , Banasiak Waldemar , Fudim Marat , Sobotka Paul A. , Javaheri Shahrokh , Hart Emma C.J. , Paton Julian F.R. , Ponikowski Piotr 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimsAugmented reflex responses from peripheral chemoreceptors, which are mainly localized in the carotid bodies (CBs), characterize patients with systolic heart failure and contribute to adrenergic hyperactivation. We investigated whether surgical resection of CBs in these patients can be performed safely to decrease sympathetic tone.Methods and resultsWe studied 10 male patients with systolic heart failure (age, 59 ± 3 years; LVEF, 27 ± 7%) who underwent unilateral right‐sided CB resection (four patients) or bilateral CB resection (six patients). Primary endpoints of the study were changes in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and peripheral chemosensitivity measured as ventilatory response to hypoxia from baseline to 1 month post‐CB resection. Safety analysis included analysis of arterial blood gas and oxygenation at night through 2 months post‐procedure and adverse events assessed up to 12 months. At the 1‐month visit, CB resection was associated with a significant decrease both in MSNA (86.6 ± 3.1 vs. 79.7 ± 4.2 bursts/100 beats, P = 0.03) and in peripheral chemosensitivity (1.35 ± 0.19 vs. 0.41 ± 0.17 L/min/SpO2, P = 0.005). It also resulted in improved exercise tolerance. Amongst some patients with bilateral CB resection, there was a trend towards worsening of oxygen saturation at night, which in one case required therapy with non‐invasive ventilation.ConclusionWe present first‐in‐man evidence that CB resection in patients with systolic heart failure is associated with a decrease in sympathetic activity. A bilateral procedure may carry a risk of worsening oxygenation at night. CB modulation constitutes an interesting research avenue, but careful consideration of the balance between safety and efficacy is necessary before further clinical trials.
Enzymatic synthesis of steryl hydroxycinnamates and their antioxidant activity
Authors: Schär Aline , Liphardt Silvia , Nyström Laura 
Published: September 2016

Steryl hydroxycinnamates are of increasing interest as they are antioxidant esters of phytosterols with potential cholesterol lowering properties. Apart from ferulates, also other plant steryl hydroxycinnamates have been identified in natural products. In this study hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives were ethylated enzymatically using Rhizomucor miehei lipase (yields from 16 to 97%), and transesterified by lipase from Candida rugosa to yield steryl hydroxycinnamates (yields from <LOQ to 55%). The influence of the structural differences between the hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives on the esterification yields was very different for the two lipases applied. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of steryl and stearyl hydroxycinnamates was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging activity and in two methyl linoleate systems. In bulk methyl linoleate, free sinapic acid showed the highest antioxidant activity over other sinapates, whereas in emulsified methyl linoleate, stearyl sinapate was highest. In conclusion, the enzymatic synthesis and antioxidant activity of steryl hydroxycinnamates is highly dependent on the acid structure.Practical applications: The enzymatic esterification of hydroxycinnamic acids is an environmentally friendly procedure to generate nonpolar hydroxycinnamates. These compounds have a broadened field of application due to their adapted polarity, and therefore potentially have an improved antioxidant activity in a wider range of food applications including multiphase systems. In the case of steryl hydroxycinnamates, the nonpolar part of the molecule brings additional health benefits, such as the cholesterol lowering properties, which makes them even more interesting as possible food additives with multiple technological and nutritional advantages.Hydroxycinnamic acids were ethylated enzymatically using R. miehei lipase, and transesterified by lipase from C. rugosa to yield steryl hydroxycinnamates. The influence of the structural differences between the hydroxycinnamic acids on the esterification yields was very different for the two lipases applied. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of steryl and octadecyl hydroxycinnamates was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging activity and in bulk and emulsified methyl linoleate system.
A combined level set/ghost cell immersed boundary representation for floating body simulations
Authors: Bihs H. , Kamath A. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryA six degrees of freedom (6DOF) algorithm is implemented in the open‐source CFD code REEF3D. The model solves the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. Complex free surface dynamics are modeled with the level set method based on a two‐phase flow approach. The convection terms of the velocities and the level set method are treated with a high‐order weighted essentially non‐oscillatory discretization scheme. Together with the level set method for the free surface capturing, this algorithm can model the movement of rigid floating bodies and their interaction with the fluid. The 6DOF algorithm is implemented on a fixed grid. The solid‐fluid interface is represented with a combination of the level set method and ghost cell immersed boundary method. As a result, re‐meshing or overset grids are not necessary. The capability, accuracy, and numerical stability of the new algorithm is shown through benchmark applications for the fluid‐body interaction problem. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A robust flux splitting method with low dissipation for all‐speed flows
Authors: Sun Di , Yan Chao , Qu Feng , Du Ruofan 
Published: September 2016

SummaryIn this paper, we propose a simple robust flux splitting method for all‐speed flows with low dissipation. Following the Toro‐Vazquez splitting, the inviscid flux is split into the convective and the pressure parts first. Then, we apply the Harten‐Lax‐van Leer (HLL) algorithm to each parts with low dissipation modification. Here, the modification improves the method with accurately resolving contact discontinuity and high resolution for low speed flows. Several carefully chosen numerical tests are investigated, and the results show that the proposed scheme is capable of resolving contact discontinuity, robust against the shock anomaly and accurate at all‐speeds. Because of these properties, it is expected to be widely applied to all‐speed flow studies. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An Inhomogeneous Hidden Markov Model for Efficient Virtual Machine Placement in Cloud Computing Environments
Authors: Hammer Hugo Lewi , Yazidi Anis , Begnum Kyrre 
Published: September 2016

In a cloud environment virtual machines are created with different purposes, such as providing users with computers or handling web traffic. A virtual machine is created in such a way that a user will not notice any difference from working on a physical computer. A challenging problem in cloud computing is how to distribute the virtual machines on a set of physical servers. An optimal solution will provide each virtual machine with enough resources and at the same time not using more physical services (energy/electricity) than necessary to achieve this.In this paper we investigate how forecasting of future resource requirements (CPU consumption) for each virtual machine can be used to improve the virtual machine placement on the physical servers. We demonstrate that a time‐dependent hidden Markov model with an autoregressive observation process replicates the properties of the CPU consumption data in a realistic way and forecasts future CPU consumption efficiently. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of electromagnetic fields emitted by GSM phones on working memory: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Zubko O. , Gould R. L. , Gay H. C. , Cox H. J. , Coulson M. C. , Howard R. J. 
Published: September 2016

Background and ObjectiveCurrent treatments for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) do not affect the course of the illness and brain stimulation techniques are increasingly promoted as potential therapeutic interventions for AD. This study reviews the effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure versus sham exposure on working memory (WM) performance of healthy human participants.MethodOnline literature databases and previous systematic reviews were searched for studies of EMF and WM in participants without reported memory problems. Two thousand eight hundred and fifty seven studies were identified, and 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. An assessment of study quality was completed, and separate, random effects meta‐analyses were conducted for each of the three WM tasks included: n‐back, substitution and digit span forward.ResultsNo differences were found between participants exposed to active EMF versus sham conditions in any of the three working memory tasks examined.ConclusionResults indicate that EMF does not affect WM during the n‐back, substitution and digit‐span tasks. Future studies should focus on the possible effects of chronic exposure to EMF in older adults with AD using a battery of comparable WM and attention tasks, before EMF can be seriously considered as a potential modulator of WM in AD. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Active delineation of Meyer's loop using oriented priors through MAGNEtic tractography (MAGNET)
Authors: Chamberland Maxime , Scherrer Benoit , Prabhu Sanjay P. , Madsen Joseph , Fortin David , Whittingstall Kevin , Descoteaux Maxime , Warfield Simon K. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractStreamline tractography algorithms infer connectivity from diffusion MRI (dMRI) by following diffusion directions which are similarly aligned between neighboring voxels. However, not all white matter (WM) fascicles are organized in this manner. For example, Meyer's loop is a highly curved portion of the optic radiation (OR) that exhibits a narrow turn, kissing and crossing pathways, and changes in fascicle dispersion. From a neurosurgical perspective, damage to Meyer's loop carries a potential risk of inducing vision deficits to the patient, especially during temporal lobe resection surgery. To prevent such impairment, achieving an accurate delineation of Meyer's loop with tractography is thus of utmost importance. However, current algorithms tend to under‐estimate the full extent of Meyer's loop, mainly attributed to the aforementioned rule for connectivity which requires a direction to be chosen across a field of orientations. In this article, it was demonstrated that MAGNEtic Tractography (MAGNET) can benefit Meyer's loop delineation by incorporating anatomical knowledge of the expected fiber orientation to overcome local ambiguities. A new ROI‐mechanism was proposed which supplies additional information to streamline reconstruction algorithms by the means of oriented priors. Their results showed that MAGNET can accurately generate Meyer's loop in all of our 15 child subjects (8 males; mean age 10.2 years ± 3.1). It effectively improved streamline coverage when compared with deterministic tractography, and significantly reduced the distance between the anterior‐most portion of Meyer's loop and the temporal pole by 16.7 mm on average, a crucial landmark used for preoperative planning of temporal lobe surgery. Hum Brain Mapp 38:509–527, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The neurobiology of emotion regulation in posttraumatic stress disorder: Amygdala downregulation via real‐time fMRI neurofeedback
Authors: Nicholson Andrew A. , Rabellino Daniela , Densmore Maria , Frewen Paul A. , Paret Christian , Kluetsch Rosemarie , Schmahl Christian , Théberge Jean , Neufeld Richard W.J. , McKinnon Margaret C. , Reiss Jeffrey P. , Jetly Rakesh , Lanius Ruth A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAmygdala dysregulation has been shown to be central to the pathophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) representing a critical treatment target. Here, amygdala downregulation was targeted using real‐time fMRI neurofeedback (rt‐fMRI‐nf) in patients with PTSD, allowing us to examine further the regulation of emotional states during symptom provocation. Patients (n = 10) completed three sessions of rt‐fMRI‐nf with the instruction to downregulate activation in the amygdala, while viewing personalized trauma words. Amygdala downregulation was assessed by contrasting (a) regulate trials, with (b) viewing trauma words and not attempting to regulate. Training was followed by one transfer run not involving neurofeedback. Generalized psychophysiological interaction (gPPI) and dynamic causal modeling (DCM) analyses were also computed to explore task‐based functional connectivity and causal structure, respectively. It was found that PTSD patients were able to successfully downregulate both right and left amygdala activation, showing sustained effects within the transfer run. Increased activation in the dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), regions related to emotion regulation, was observed during regulate as compared with view conditions. Importantly, activation in the PFC, rostral anterior cingulate cortex, and the insula, were negatively correlated to PTSD dissociative symptoms in the transfer run. Increased functional connectivity between the amygdala‐ and both the dorsolateral and dorsomedial PFC was found during regulate, as compared with view conditions during neurofeedback training. Finally, our DCM analysis exploring directional structure suggested that amygdala downregulation involves both top‐down and bottom‐up information flow with regard to observed PFC‐amygdala connectivity. This is the first demonstration of successful downregulation of the amygdala using rt‐fMRI‐nf in PTSD, which was critically sustained in a subsequent transfer run without neurofeedback, and corresponded to increased connectivity with prefrontal regions involved in emotion regulation during the intervention. Hum Brain Mapp 38:541–560, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.