bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nightmare Disorder, Psychopathology Levels, and Coping in a Diverse Psychiatric Sample
Authors: van Schagen Annette , Lancee Jaap , Swart Marijke , Spoormaker Victor , van den Bout Jan 
Published: April 2016

ObjectiveNightmares are associated with psychopathology and impaired coping in the general population. However, little is known about this association in a psychiatric population. In this study, we investigate whether patients with diverse psychiatric disorders have increased symptomatology and different coping styles if they suffer from comorbid nightmare disorder.MethodParticipants were 498 patients with diverse moderate to severe psychiatric disorders. As part of a standard assessment procedure, they filled out questionnaires regarding nightmares, psychopathology, personality pathology, and coping.ResultsA multivariate analysis of covariance and post hoc tests showed that patients with nightmare disorder scored higher on psychopathology (ηp2 = .03; p = .001) and personality pathology (ηp2 = .01–.03; p < .05). No significant differences were found with regards to coping strategies.ConclusionNightmare disorder is associated with higher levels of psychopathology and personality pathology in a sample of patients with diverse psychiatric disorders.
Preferences over Bank and Family Loans in Rural Rwanda
Authors: Peters Jörg , Schoofs Annekathrin , Sievert Maximiliane 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe study borrowers' preferences over bank and family loans based on field work undertaken in rural Rwanda. We randomly assigned willingness‐to‐pay questions for a hypothetical loan offer either by a bank or by a family member to a sample of 480 households. Informal family loans are typically easier to access. Because of the social costs they imply, it is widely believed that family finance is less attractive than formal finance. Our empirical results, however, show no significant difference in preferences over these two choices. This suggests that even if formal credits were widely accessible, people would still also utilize informal finance. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
UV Cross‐Linkable Polymer Based on Triazine: Synthesis, Characterization and Crosslinking Studies
Authors: Suresh Jayaseelan , Vakees Ekambaram , Uma Palaniswamy , Selvaraj Revathy , Karthikeyan Arunachalam , Arun Araichimani 
Published: April 2016

Summary3‐(4‐((4‐(4‐Acetylphenoxy)‐6‐((4‐nitrophenyl)amino)‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐yl)oxy)phenyl)‐1‐(2,4‐dichlorophenyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one (TAP) is synthesized using cynuric chloride, 2,4‐Dichloro‐1‐ene(4‐hydroxyphenyl)phenone,4‐nitroaniline and 4‐aminoacetophenone. 1‐(2,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐3‐(4‐((4‐(4‐(3‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)acryloyl)phenoxy)‐6‐((4nitrophenyl)amino)‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐yl)oxy)phenyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one (TCC) is synthesized using TAP and 4‐hydroxybenzaldehyde. 4‐(3‐(4‐((4‐(4‐(3‐(2,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐3‐oxoprop‐1‐en‐1‐yl)phenoxy)‐6‐((4‐nitrophenyl)amino)‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐yl)oxy)phenyl)‐3‐oxoprop‐1‐en‐1‐yl)phenyl acrylate (TCP) is synthesized using TCC and acryloyl chloride. Copolymers of the TCP are prepared using vinyl acetate, styrene, and acrylamide are carried out by solution polymerization technique by using benzoyl peroxide (BPO) under a nitrogen atmosphere. Monomer and polymers are characterized by using IR and NMR techniques. The photocrosslinking property of the polymers was done by using the UV absorption spectroscopic technique. The rate of photocrosslinking was enhanced compared to that of the homopolymers, when the TCP was copolymerized with the VA, AM and S. Thermal stability and molecular weights (Mw and Mn) are determined for the polymer samples and molecular weights of the polymers are found to be around 10000 g/mol.
Study of Chemically Synthesized Polyindole/Poly(vinyl acetate) Conducting Composite Film
Authors: Bhagat D. J. , Dhokane G. R. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryIn this study, polyindole/poly(vinyl acetate) (PIN/PVAc) conducting composite film was prepared through chemical polymerization using oxidant FeCl3. As‐synthesized sample was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and DC conductivity measurements. FTIR spectra were supported polymerization of polyindole in presence of poly(vinyl acetate). The polymer chain separation was determined using XRD analysis. An attempt has been made to study temperature dependence of DC conductivity of PIN/PVAc conducting composite film in temperature range 308–393 K. The DC conductivity initially increases and reaches to 3.91 × 10−7 S/cm.
Rapid Formation of Ternary CdZnSe2 Chalcogenide Thin Film by Microwave Assisted Chemical Bath Deposition
Authors: Bagade Chaitali S. , Ghanwat Vishvanath B. , Kharade Suvarta D. , Khot Kishorkumar V. , Kharade Rohini R. , Desai Neha D. , Bhosale Popatrao N. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryNanostructured ternary cadmium zinc selenide (CZS) thin films have been deposited by a rapid and reliable Microwave assisted chemical bath deposition (MA‐CBD) method by using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and triethanolamine (TEA) as complexing agents. Optical, structural, morphological, compositional and electrical properties of CZS thin films have been investigated as a function of different complexing agents. Band gap energy of CZS thin films obtained for EDTA and TEA was 2.03 and 1.75 eV respectively. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed that films were nanocrystalline in nature with mixed phase structure, in which cubic phase of CdSe dominant over hexagonal ZnSe. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show porous surface morphology with distinct grains over the substrate surface. The EDS spectra show presence of Cd, Zn and Se elements. Thermoelectric power (TEP) measurement shows films were n‐type semiconducting in nature. Synthesized thin films shows potential for solar cell application.
A coupled approach of optimization, uncertainty analysis and configurational mechanics for a fail‐safe design of structures
Authors: Serafinska A. , Özenç K. , Kaliske M. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryIn this contribution, a novel method for a fail‐safe optimal design of structures is proposed, which is a coupled approach of optimization employing a genetic algorithm, the structural analysis conducted in the framework of fracture mechanics and uncertainty analysis. The idea of fail‐safe structures is to keep their functionality and integrity even under damage conditions, for example, a local failure of substructures. In the present work, a design concept of a substructure exhibiting a damage accumulating function due to the application of crack arresters is introduced. If such a substructure is integrated within a system of coupled substructures, it will accumulate the damage arising from the boundary conditions change induced by the failure of certain neighbouring structural elements and hinder further damage escalation. The investigation of failure of the damage accumulating substructure is introduced within a finite element framework by a combination of discrete fracturing and configurational mechanics based criteria. In order to design a structure, which will fail safely according to a predefined scenario, uncertainties are taken into account. The developed approach optimizes the configuration of crack arresters within the damage accumulating substructure so that the uncertain crack propagation is hindered and only a local failure of this element occurs. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Association between menarche and increased bronchial hyper‐responsiveness during puberty in female children and adolescents
Authors: Kim Young‐Ho , Lee Eun , Cho Hyun‐Ju , Yang Song‐I , Jung Young‐Ho , Kim Hyung Young , Seo Ju‐Hee , Kim Hyo‐Bin , Lee So‐Yeon , Song Dae‐Jin , Kim Woo‐Kyung , Jang Gwang‐Cheon , Shim Jung‐Yeon , Kim Eun‐Jin , Lee Joo‐Shil , Kwon Ji‐Won , Hong Soo‐Jong 
Published: April 2016

SummaryPurposeBronchial hyper‐responsiveness (BHR) is a key feature of asthma. The degree of BHR in children may be altered by several factors. We evaluated the prevalence of BHR according to age and gender in pediatric and adolescent population and analyzed the associated factors for gender differences.MethodsAmong the 2,067 subjects, methacholine challenge tests were performed in 1,820 children from one elementary and one middle school in Seoul, Korea. A total of 1,725 subjects between 6 and 14 years old were included in the analysis. The prevalence of BHR, defined as a provocative concentration that induced a 20% reduction of FEV1 (PC20) that was less than 8 mg/ml, was evaluated according to age and gender. Gender differences associated with BHR prevalence at each age were calculated and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with BHR by gender.ResultsThe prevalence of BHR (PC20 ≤ 8 mg/ml) for each gender decreased with age (P < 0.001). Although the prevalence of BHR linearly decreased in males with age, females showed an increase after 11 years of age. BHR in males was associated with a younger age (aOR, 0.797; 95%CI, 0.678–0.925), a higher blood eosinophil counts (%) (aOR, 1.160; 95%CI, 1.047–1.284), atopy (aOR, 2.091; 95%CI, 1.003–4.359), and a lower FEV1/FVC ratio (aOR, 0.947; 95%CI, 0.901–0.995), and FEF25–75% (aOR, 0.980; 95%CI, 0.961–0.999). In females, BHR was significantly associated with a younger age (aOR, 0.845; 95%CI, 0.747–0.957), lower FEV1 (%) (aOR, 0.961; 95%CI, 0.938–0.984), and menarche (aOR, 3.674; 95%CI, 1.226–11.012).ConclusionBHR declined with age in the Korean pediatric population. A younger age and reduced lung function were common factors related to BHR in both genders. Additionally, atopy was related to BHR in males, whereas sexual maturation was related to BHR in females. These findings have important clinical implications for evaluating of childhood BHR and asthma related to gender. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:1040–1047. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An original patient‐derived xenograft of prostate cancer with cyst formation
Authors: Yoshikawa Takeshi , Kobori Go , Goto Takayuki , Akamatsu Shusuke , Terada Naoki , Kobayashi Takashi , Tanaka Yoshinori , Jung Giman , Kamba Tomomi , Ogawa Osamu , Inoue Takahiro 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUNDThe high rate of failure of new agents in oncology clinical trials indicates a weak understanding of the complexity of human cancer. Recent understanding of the mechanisms underlying castration resistance in prostate cancer led to the development of new agents targeting the androgen receptor pathway; however, their effectiveness is limited. Hence, there is a need for experimental systems that are able to better reproduce the biological diversity of prostate cancer in preclinical settings. In this study, we established a unique patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) model to identify biomarkers for treatment efficacy and resistance and better understand prostate cancer biology.METHODSA prostate cancer tissue sample from a Japanese patient was transplanted subcutaneously into male, severe combined immune‐deficient (SCID) mice and this PDX mouse model was named KUCaP3. Sequential tumor volume changes were observed before and after castration. Androgen receptor (AR), prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), and other molecular markers were examined immunohistochemically. Sequence analysis of AR was also performed to detect mutations. Proteomic analysis of cyst fluid and sera samples of KUCaP3 mice were analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS).RESULTSKUCaP3 cell line, derived from human tissue, was successfully and serially passaged in vivo with approximately 60% take rate. KUCaP3 exhibited cyst formation, showed androgen‐dependent growth initially, and developed castration‐resistant growth several months after castration of the mice. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that KUCaP3 was positive for AR, PSA, CK18, and α‐methyl acyl‐coenzyme A racemase, but negative for CK5/6 and ERG. The AR gene in KUCaP3 cells contained a substitution from CAT (histidine) to TAT (tyrosine) at the nucleotide positions corresponding to codon 875 (H875Y) in the ligand‐binding domain. Chemiluminescent immunoassay revealed higher levels of PSA in cystic fluid and the serum of KUCaP3‐bearing mice. MS analysis detected 23 proteins of human origin in cystic fluids of KUCaP3.CONCLUSIONSWe developed KUCaP3, an androgen‐dependent PDX model with cyst formation. Several proteins including PSA were detected in the cystic fluid and sera of tumor‐bearing mice. This original PDX model has the potential to be used as a clinically relevant model to evaluate molecular markers for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment. Prostate 76:994–1003, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Selective Production of Benzene, Toluene and p‐Xylene (BTpX) from Various C1‐3 Feedstocks over ZSM‐5/Silicalite‐1 Core‐Shell Zeolite Catalyst
Authors: Miyake Koji , Hirota Yuichiro , Ono Kaito , Uchida Yoshiaki , Nishiyama Norikazu 
Published: April 2016

AbstractCore‐shell zeolite composite crystals consisting of an MFI structure were prepared by a zeolite overgrowth method. The core and shell zeolites are ZSM‐5 with acid sites and silicalite‐1 (Al‐free MFI zeolite) without acid sites, respectively. The structured core‐shell ZSM‐5/silicalite‐1 catalyst was used for the reactions to produce benzene, toluene, and p‐xylene (BTpX) from five C1‐3 feedstocks. The selectivity to total BTpX on ZSM‐5/silicalite‐1 (47‐71 C‐mol%) was much higher than uncoated H‐ZSM‐5 (24‐42 C‐mol%) at the conversion of 89–99 % of the reactants (C1‐3 feedstocks). Furthermore, para‐selectivity (p‐xylene selectivity in xylene isomers) was very high 94–99 C‐mol% compared to the uncoated ZSM‐5 (23‐52 C‐mol%). Both the high BTpX and para selectivities are due to the inhibition of undesirable reactions on the external surface of ZSM‐5 crystals such as alkylation and isomerization. It has shown that this core‐shell structure was very suitable for the BTpX production catalyst.
Impact of Huntington Disease Gene‐Positive Status on Pre‐Symptomatic Young Adults and Recommendations for Genetic Counselors
Authors: Gong Ping , Fanos Joanna H. , Korty Lauren , Siskind Carly E. , Hanson‐Kahn Andrea K. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractHuntington disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant, progressive neurodegenerative disorder for which there is no cure. Predictive testing for HD is available to asymptomatic at‐risk individuals. Approximately half of the population undergoing predictive testing for HD consists of young adults (≤35 years old). Finishing one's education, starting a career, engaging in romantic relationships and becoming a parent are key milestones of young adulthood. We conducted a qualitative study to explore how testing gene‐positive for HD influences young adults’ attainment of these milestones, and to identify major challenges that pre‐symptomatic young adults face to aid the development of targeted genetic counseling. Results of our study demonstrate that 1) knowing one's gene‐positive status results in an urgency to reach milestones and positively changes young adults’ approach to life; 2) testing positive influences young adults’ education and career choices, romantic relationships, and family planning; 3) young adults desire flexible and tailored genetic counseling to address needs and concerns unique to this population. Findings of this study contribute to the understanding of the impact of predictive testing for HD on young adults, and highlight issues unique to this population that call for further research, intervention and advocacy.
Laser diode stacks: pulsed light power for nuclear fusion
Authors: Wölz Martin , Pietrzak Agnieszka , Kindsvater Alex , Meusel Jens , Stolberg Klaus , Hülsewede Ralf , Sebastian Jürgen , Loyo-Maldonado Valentin 
Published: April 2016

Laser drivers are an enabling factor to inertial confinement fusion, because laser diodes must be used instead of flash lamps. We discuss the limitations of laser diode arrays and show what steps the industry is taking. The pump power requirements of large-scale projects such as LIFE or HiPER are within reach of semiconductor laser diode assemblies. Pulsed light output powers per laser bars have been around 300 W per bar, as in the Jenoptik 940 nm bars previously used for pumping the Yb:YAG slabs in the DiPOLE project. By redesigning the semiconductor laser structures 500 W per bar is now commercially available for 808, 880 and 940 nm pump wavelengths. The construction of one inertial fusion power plant will require an amount of semiconductor laser chips in excess of the current annual production by two orders of magnitude. This adds to the engineering task of improving the device characteristics a challenge to production capacity. While the industry benefits from the recent boost in solid-state lighting that acts as a technology driver, cooperation between manufacturers will be imperative, and to this end we propose standardization efforts.
Asenapine reduces anxiety-related behaviours in rat conditioned fear stress model
Authors: Ohyama Masayo , Kondo Maho , Yamauchi Miki , Imanishi Taiichiro , Koyama Tsukasa 
Published: April 2016

ObjectiveAsenapine is an atypical antipsychotic that is currently available for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder. Although the atypical antipsychotics clozapine and olanzapine are effective for depression and anxiety in schizophrenia, as demonstrated by animal model studies, this has not been clarified for asenapine. Therefore, we compared the effects of asenapine in the conditioned fear stress model with those of clozapine and olanzapine.MethodRats were individually fear conditioned using electrical foot shock in a Skinner box. Approximately 24 h later, individual animals were returned to the same Skinner box (without electrical shock) and their freezing behaviour was observed for 5 min. Animals were treated with asenapine, clozapine, olanzapine, the 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist buspirone, or the 5-HT2C receptor antagonist SB242084 at 30 min before freezing behaviour assessment. The 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY100635 or the 5-HT2C receptor agonist Ro60-0175 was also used concomitantly with asenapine. The effects of asenapine, clozapine, and olanzapine on serotonin release in the rat hippocampus were also measured using in vivo microdialysis.ResultsAsenapine reduced freezing behaviour, while neither clozapine nor olanzapine reduced freezing behaviour. Buspirone and SB242084 also reduced freezing behaviour. The effect of asenapine in reducing freezing behaviour was not altered by the concomitant administration of WAY100635 or Ro60-0175. Both asenapine and clozapine, but not olanzapine, increased serotonin release in the rat hippocampus.ConclusionAsenapine may have superior therapeutic effect on anxiety symptoms than other agents, although the underlying mechanism of its anxiolytic activity remains unknown.
Fruit and vegetable intakes, sources and contribution to total diet in very young children (1–4 years): the Irish National Pre-School Nutrition Survey
Authors: O’Connor Laura , Walton Janette , Flynn Albert 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAlthough the importance of fruit and vegetable (F&V) intakes in the prevention of chronic diseases is well established, there are limited data on intakes in very young children. This study estimates F&V intakes and sources and the contribution to the total diet using data from the National Pre-School Nutrition Survey, a nationally representative sample (n500) of Irish children aged 1–4 years. A 4-d weighed food record was used to collect food intake data. Of 1652 food codes consumed, 740 had a fruit/vegetable component. The percentage of edible fruits and/or vegetables in each food code was calculated. Intakes (g/d), sources (g/d) and the contribution of F&V to the weight of the total diet (%) were estimated, split by age. All children consumed F&V. Intakes of total fruits, in particular fruit juice, increased with age. The contribution to total fruit intake was discrete fruits (47–56 % range across age), 100 % fruit juice, smoothies and pureés (32–45 %) as well as fruits in composite dishes (7–13 %). Total vegetable intake comprised of discrete vegetables (48–62 % range across age) and vegetables in composite dishes (38–52 %). F&V contributed on average 20 % (15 % fruit; 5 % vegetables) to the weight of the total diet and was <10 % in sixty-one children (12 %). F&V contributed 50 % of vitamin C, 53 % of carotene, 34 % of dietary fibre and 42 % of non-milk sugar intakes from the total diet. F&V are important components of the diet of Irish pre-school children; however, some aspects of F&V intake patterns could be improved in this age group.
Dosimetric comparison between the prostate intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans using the planning target volume (PTV) dose–volume factor
Authors: Chow James C. L. , Jiang Runqing , Kiciak Alexander , Markel Daniel 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundWe demonstrated that our proposed planning target volume (PTV) dose–volume factor (PDVF) can be used to evaluate the PTV dose coverage between the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans based on 90 prostate patients.PurposePDVF were determined from the prostate IMRT and VMAT plans to compare their variation of PTV dose coverage. Comparisons of the PDVF with other plan evaluation parameters such as D5%, D95%, D99%, Dmean, conformity index (CI), homogeneity index (HI), gradient index (GI) and prostate tumour control probability (TCP) were carried out.Methods and materialsProstate IMRT and VMAT plans using the 6 MV photon beams were created from 40 and 50 patients, respectively. Dosimetric indices (CI, HI and GI), dose–volume points (D5%, D95%, D99% and Dmean) and prostate TCP were calculated according to the PTV dose–volume histograms (DVHs) of the plans. All PTV DVH curves were fitted using the Gaussian error function (GEF) model. The PDVF were calculated based on the GEF parameters.ResultsFrom the PTV DVHs of the prostate IMRT and VMAT plans, the average D99% of the PTV for IMRT and VMAT were 74·1 and 74·5 Gy, respectively. The average prostate TCP were 0·956 and 0·958 for the IMRT and VMAT plans, respectively. The average PDVF of the IMRT and VMAT plans were 0·970 and 0·983, respectively. Although both the IMRT and VMAT plans showed very similar prostate TCP, the dosimetric and radiobiological results of the VMAT technique were slightly better than IMRT.ConclusionThe calculated PDVF for the prostate IMRT and VMAT plans agreed well with other dosimetric and radiobiological parameters in this study. PDVF was verified as an alternative of evaluation parameter in the quality assurance of prostate treatment planning.
Mindful Machine Learning
Authors: Sauer Sebastian , Buettner Ricardo , Heidenreich Thomas , Lemke Jana , Berg Christoph , Kurz Christoph 
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Mindfulness refers to a stance of nonjudgmental awareness of present-moment experiences. A growing body of research suggests that mindfulness may increase cognitive resources, thereby buffering stress. However, existing models have not achieved a consensus on how mindfulness should be operationalized. As the sound measurement of mindfulness is the foundation needed before substantial hypotheses can be supported, we propose a novel way of gauging the psychometric quality of a mindfulness measurement instrument (the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory; FMI). Specifically, we employed 10 predictive algorithms to scrutinize the measurement quality of the FMI. Our criterion of measurement quality was the degree to which an algorithm separated mindfulness practitioner from nonpractitioners in a sample of N = 276. A high predictive accuracy of class membership can be taken as an indicator of the psychometric quality of the instrument. In sum, two findings are of interest. First, over and above some items of the FMI were able to reliably predict class membership. However, some items appeared to be uninformative. Second, from an applied methodological point of view, it appears that machine learning algorithms can outperform traditional predictive methods such as logistic regression. This finding may generalize to other branches of research.