bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of high‐density 2D receiver coil arrays for improved SNR in prostate MRI
Authors: Riederer Stephen J. , Borisch Eric A. , Du Qingshuo , Froemming Adam T. , Hulshizer Thomas C. , Kawashima Akira , McGee Kiaran P. , Robb Fraser , Rossman Phillip J. , Takahashi Naoki 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeTo study if adaptive image receive (AIR) receiver coil elements can be configured into a 2D array with high (>45% by diameter) element‐to‐element overlap, allowing improved SNR at depth (0.7–1.5× element diameter) versus conventional (20%) overlap.MethodsAn anterior array composed of twenty 10‐cm diameter elements with 45% overlap arranged into a 4 × 5 grid and a similar 3 × 7 twenty‐one‐element posterior array were constructed. SNR and g‐factor were measured in a pelvic phantom using the new high‐density (HD) arrays (41 total elements) and compared to vendor AIR‐based arrays (30 total elements) with conventional overlap. T2‐weighted fast‐spin‐echo (T2SE) images acquired using both arrays were compared in 20 subjects. SNR was estimated in vivo. Results were compared blindly by three uroradiologists using a five‐point scale. Images using the HD arrays were also compared to a set of images acquired over a range of acceleration factors (R = 2.0, 2.5, 3.0) with the conventional arrays.ResultsSNR within the phantom was on average 15% higher for R = 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 using the HD arrays. Across the 20 subjects SNR within the prostate was 11% higher and assessed radiologically as significantly higher (p < 0.001) for the HD versus conventional arrays. At all acceleration factors the new HD arrays outperformed the conventional arrays (p ≤ 0.01), allowing increased R for similar SNR.ConclusionAIR elements can be configured into 2D arrays with high (45%) element‐to‐element overlap, consistently providing increased SNR at depth versus arrays with conventional (20%) overlap. The SNR improvement allows increased acceleration in T2SE prostate MRI.
Intravenous immunoglobulin and plasma exchange prescribing patterns for Guillain‐Barre Syndrome in the United States—2001 to 2018
Authors: Stino Amro M. , Reynolds Evan L. , Watanabe Maya , Callaghan Brian C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsRandomized controlled trials show that repeat intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) dosing and plasma exchange (PLEX) followed by IVIG (combination therapy) have no additional therapeutic benefit in Guillain‐Barre Syndrome (GBS) non‐responders. Furthermore, the delineation between GBS and Acute Onset CIDP (A‐CIDP) can be particularly challenging and carries therapeutic implications. We aimed to evaluate the presence of repeat IVIG, combination therapy, and diagnostic reclassification from GBS to CIDP.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of a large healthcare database for patients with GBS in the US from 2001 to 2018. We identified individuals initially diagnosed with GBS and later re‐classified as CIDP. Multivariable logistic regression models were developed to determine associations between patient factors and repeat IVIG dosing, combination therapy, and diagnostic re‐classification from GBS to CIDP.ResultsWe identified 2325 patients with GBS. A total of 39.7% received repeat IVIG and 6.1% received combination therapy. The proportion of individuals initially diagnosed with GBS and then re‐classified as CIDP was 32.0%. Repeat IVIG, combination therapy, and diagnostic reclassification remained stable over time. Female sex (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.65–0.96) and medium‐high net worth (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.45–0.90) associated with repeat IVIG therapy, while Asian ethnicity associated with diagnostic re‐classification from GBS to CIDP (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.09–2.86).DiscussionRepeat IVIG dosing was quite common in GBS before newer trials suggesting harm in non‐responders, and IVIG/PLEX combination therapy continues to persist despite strong evidence against use in non‐responders. Further, nearly one in three patients initially diagnosed with GBS is subsequently diagnosed with CIDP, but the reasons are unclear.
A Semi‐Randomized and Augmented Kaczmarz Method With Simple Random Sampling for Large‐Scale Inconsistent Linear Systems
Authors: Li Shunchang , Wu Gang 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTA greedy randomized augmented Kaczmarz (GRAK) method was proposed in Bai and Wu for large and sparse inconsistent linear systems. However, in each iteration of this method, one has to construct two new index sets via computing residual vector with respect to the augmented linear system. Thus, the computational overhead of this method may be large for extremely large‐scale problems. Moreover, there is no reliable stopping criterion for this method. In this work, we are interested in solving large‐scale sparse or dense inconsistent linear systems, and try to enhance the numerical performance of this method. The contributions of this work are as follows. First, we propose an accelerated GRAK method. Theoretical analysis indicates that it converges faster than the GRAK method under a very weak assumption. Second, we apply the semi‐randomized Kaczmarz method to the augmented linear system, and propose a semi‐randomized augmented Kaczmarz method with simple random sampling. In this method, there is no need to access all the information of the data matrix. The convergence of the proposed methods are established. To the best of our knowledge, there are no practical stopping criteria in all randomized Kaczmarz‐type methods till now. To fill‐in this gap, the third contribution of this work is to introduce a practical stopping criterion for Kaczmarz‐type methods, and show its rationality from a theoretical point of view. Numerical results are performed on both real‐world and synthetic data sets, which demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed stopping criterion, and illustrate that the new methods are often superior to many state‐of‐the‐art Kaczmarz methods for large‐scale inconsistent linear systems.
Can destigmatizing mental health increase willingness to seek help? Experimental evidence from Nepal
Authors: Lacey Lindsey , Mishra Nirajana , Mukherjee Priya , Prakash Nikhilesh , Prakash Nishith , Quinn Diane , Sabarwal Shwetlena , Saraswat Deepak 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe conducted a randomized control trial to study the impact of two information messages aimed at reducing the stigma associated with mental illness on the willingness to seek mental health care among adults in Nepal. The first intervention shares information about the prevalence of mental health issues and the efficacy of treatment. The second intervention shares information about the mental health struggles of a Nepali celebrity and how he benefited from treatment. We find three results. First, compared to a no‐information control group, both interventions increase participants’ stated willingness to seek mental health treatment. This effect is driven by participants with high personal and anticipated stigma, less severe symptoms of depression and anxiety, and who hold strong beliefs about conformity to masculinity. Second, the impact on participants’ stated willingness to seek mental health treatment mirrors their willingness to pay for counseling. Third, participants are, on average, more likely to report willingness to seek help when the enumerator is female.
Long‐term outcomes following proton therapy for pediatric spinal low‐grade glioma
Authors: Brisson Ryan J. , Indelicato Daniel J. , Bradley Julie A. , Aldana Philipp R. , Klawinski Darren , Morris Christopher G. , Vega Raymond B. Mailhot 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundDue to its rarity, no standard treatment guidelines exist for pediatric spinal low‐grade glioma (LGG‐S). Proton therapy (PT) offers an attractive modality to minimize toxicity. Herein, we present the first published series of pediatric patients who received PT for progressive LGG‐S.ProceduresWe identified eight consecutive patients with nonmetastatic LGG‐S treated with PT. Cumulative incidence method was used to estimate local control (LC), freedom from distant metastases (FFDM), and freedom from progression (FFP). The Kaplan–Meier product limit method assessed overall survival (OS). Toxicity was assessed according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 5.0.ResultsMedian age at diagnosis was 4 years. All patients underwent attempted resection and developed recurrence/progression prior to referral for PT, with median duration between initial surgery and PT of 4.4 years. Median age at the start of PT was 8 years. Most patients (n = 5) received PT as ≥third line treatment. Seven patients were treated with PT to the primary tumor. Most patients (n = 7) received between 45–50.4 CGE. Median follow up was 7.8 years. The 10‐year estimates for LC, FFDM, FFP, and OS were 85, 88, 73, and 55%, respectively. One patient experienced malignant transformation and two developed pseudoprogression following PT. No pulmonary, gastrointestinal, or musculoskeletal toxicities were observed during or after PT.ConclusionsDespite negative selection bias our experience suggests PT for pediatric LGG‐S offers long‐term disease control with limited toxicity. The favorable therapeutic ratio of PT suggests it should be considered among first‐line therapy in children with nonmetastatic, unresectable LGG‐S.
Closed‐loop recycling of Nylon‐6 to Caprolactam catalyzed by a green and effective phosphazene base
Authors: Chen Haoyue , Yang Rulin , Dong Bingzhe , Sun Hongguang , Xu Guangqiang , Wang Qinggang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractChemical recycling of polymers to initial monomers (CRM) has emerged as an advanced solution for waste plastic management. In particular, developing promising catalytic methods are a crucial issue. In this work, focusing on the closed‐loop recycling of Nylon‐6 (PA6) to caprolactam (CPL), a phosphazene base t‐BuP4 is exploited as a green organocatalyst. The versatility of this catalytic system is confirmed by the calculation of activation energy, as well as the effective and selective depolymerization process. Meanwhile, the catalyst also displays good recyclability and scalability. Experimental kinetic data reveal that the depolymerization mechanism involved random chain scission after the interaction of catalyst and amide. This work provides a useful strategy for the treatment of post‐consumer waste PA6.
Detecting emerald ash borer boring vibrations using an encoder‐decoder and improved DenseNet model
Authors: Yin Jinliang , Zhang Haiyan , Chen Zhibo , Li Juhu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDForest ecosystems are under constant threat from wood‐boring pests such as the Emerald ash borer (EAB), which remain elusive owing to their hidden life cycles within tree trunks. Early detection is vital to mitigate economic and ecological damage. The main current monitoring method is manual detection which is ineffective at early stages of infestation. This study introduces VibroEABNet, a deep learning‐based joint recognition network designed to enhance the detection of EAB boring vibration signals, with a novel approach integrating denoising and recognition modules.RESULTSThe proposed VibroEABNet model demonstrated exceptional performance, achieving an average accuracy of 98.98% across multiple signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs) in test datasets and a remarkable 97.5% accuracy in real forest datasets, surpassing traditional models and other deep learning networks evaluated in this study. These findings were supported by rigorous noise resistance analysis and real dataset evaluation, indicating the model's robustness and reliability in practical applications. Furthermore, the model's efficiency was highlighted by its inference time of 26 ms and a compact model size of 8.43 MB, underscoring its suitability for deployment in resource‐limited environments.CONCLUSIONThe development of VibroEABNet marks a significant advancement in pest detection methodologies, offering a scalable, accurate and efficient solution for early monitoring of wood‐boring pests. The integration of a denoising module within the network structure addresses the challenge of environmental noise, one of the primary limitations in acoustic monitoring of pests. Currently, this research is limited to a specific pest. Future work will focus on the applicability of this network to other wood‐boring pests. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Theoretical Study on the Synthesis Efficiency and Yield of Imidazole Derivatives Based on the Glyoxal and Diamine
Authors: Liu Huaxin , Chen Zhiyang , Ma Yinhua , Lv Meiheng , Yin Shuhui , Shang Fangjian , Liu Jianyong 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTImidazole structures are significant molecular frameworks in pharmaceutical and energetic material research. The synthesis efficiency and yield of their derivatives often vary greatly, making it challenging to establish reaction regularity. In this study, we investigated two types of imidazole derivatives with notably different synthesis efficiencies and yields. Our findings reveal that the catalysis of H2O molecules is crucial for ensuring synthesis efficiency, while side reactions are influenced by the acidity of the solution during the process, thereby affecting the synthesis yield. We observed that the energy barrier for the H2O‐catalyzed ipsilateral H transfer process was reduced to 12.0 from 40.1 kcal/mol, significantly enhancing the reaction efficiency. The synthesis of 34‐dihydroxyimidazolidine‐2‐ketone was found to have a low yield of 19.2% due to competitive side reactions in the reaction system, which have higher energy barriers compared to the desired synthesis pathway. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for future research to optimize the synthesis of imidazole derivatives. Enhancing synthesis conditions could significantly benefit pharmaceutical applications and the development of advanced energetic materials.
Investigation of Hydantoin‐Based Drugs Used in the Treatment of Epilepsy Using Quantum Chemical Calculations, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics, ADMET, In Vitro, and Spectroscopic Methods
Authors: Kandemir Minnet Can , Bicak Bilge , Kecel‐Gunduz Serda , Akman Gizem 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTPresent investigation deals with the structural and pharmacokinetic properties of hydantoin‐based drug molecules such as phenytoin, mephenytoin, and ethotoin. Hydantoin‐based drugs are widely used as anticonvulsants in the treatment of epilepsy. In this study, optimized structures, and theoretical vibrational wavenumbers of phenytoin, mephenytoin, and ethotoin molecules were determined using Gaussian 09 program with density functional theory (DFT) and B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) basis set, vibration mode assignments were performed with the GAR2PED program, and the theoretical results were supported by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. In addition, thermodynamic parameters, Mulliken charge values, HOMO‐LUMO, natural bond orbital, MEP, hyperpolarizability analyzes of hydantoin‐based molecules were performed. Docking analysis of all molecules with the GABA‐AT receptor, which has an important place in epilepsy studies, were also carried out. Then, the molecular dynamic (MD) simulations of the hydantoin‐based drugs‐GABA‐AT complexes were realized for 50 ns. ADMET profiles of all molecules were determined and presented by parameters of toxicity and drug‐likeness. Additionally, to determine the effects of hydantoin‐based drugs on glioblastoma cells, cytotoxic effects of phenytoin, mephenytoin, and ethotoin were evaluated on U‐87 Human glioblastoma cell line.
Feed resources, feeding system and feed balance of dairy cattle in Chencha District, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Yisehak Kechero , Adane Kore 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundDairy cattle feed supplies in the tropics, and particularly in Ethiopia, are mostly derived from base diets (natural and improved grasslands, agricultural wastes, fodder trees and shrubs), agro‐industrial by‐products and non‐conventional feeds. The availability of major feed resource kinds, sources and dairy cattle feeding practises is primarily influenced by agro‐ecology and season, as well as their interactions.ObjectivesThe research was carried out in the Chencha District of Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia, with the goals of assessing the available, feeding system, opportunity, limits and copying strategy of dairy cattle production, as well as estimating feed balance.MethodsData were gathered through primary and secondary data sources, field observations, key informant interviews, focus group talks and individual interviews. The survey data were stratified into altitudes, coded and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20 and the general linear model approach. Cross‐tabulation was used to examine the statistical variance of categorical data.ResultsThe presence of different feed resource types, distinct agro‐ecologies (p < 0.05) and crop residue accessibility were the major opportunities for dairy cattle production in the study district, but land scarcity, a lack of dry season forages and land degradation due to erosion were the major constraints for dairy cattle feed production. In the research district, the main feed resource–copying approaches were reducing the number of dairy animals, saving optional feeds and purchasing optional feeds. The total mean of dairy cow feed supply to tropical livestock unit in terms of dry matter (DM) production each year was 3.86 t of DM/HH/annual, with a negative feed balance of 8.09 t that varied with seasons and agro‐ecology (p < 0.05).ConclusionsAccording to the findings of this study, the low production of dairy cattle in the district is clearly related to the scarcity of feed resources. To address these issues, alternative feed production technologies should be implemented, such as farmers practising forage development on their own crop land and collecting crop residues during crop harvesting times and storing them under shed; the nutritive value of different types of fodder trees and shrubs should be further determined in the future and feed storage methods, particularly hay and silage, should be used when there are an abundance of feed resources available.
Scale‐sensitive marine law and policy design: Towards ecosystem‐based management across spatial and temporal scales
Authors: Macpherson Elizabeth , Mortiaux Rachael , Jorgensen Eric 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEcosystem‐based management (EBM) is promoted in scholarly literature and international policy as a way to improve marine ecosystem outcomes, through the integration of marine law and policies across sectors, communities, and scales. A legal and policy framework that supports EBM at appropriate temporal and spatial scales is fundamental to the successful deployment of EBM. However, marine management is typically fragmented and misaligned, with a range of laws, policies, governance institutions, and sectoral frameworks applying to different marine spaces and working on varying timescales. In this focus article, we draw on our comprehensive study of Aotearoa New Zealand's marine law and policy to analyze the challenges scale mismatches present for marine law and policy implementation, focusing on key policy areas across fisheries, environment, conservation, and Indigenous rights and interests. We identify key opportunities to better align marine law and policy to ecosystem scale dynamics, revealing critical lessons for the imperative of scale‐sensitive marine law and policy design, globally.This article is categorized under:
Policy and Economics > Research and Development
Policy and Economics > Governance and Regulation
Climate and Environment > Ecosystem Services
Towards Embodied Paradata. A Diffractive Art/Archaeology Approach
Authors: Dawson Ian , Reilly Paul 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFor archaeologists, artists, and cultural heritage workers, paradata are generally viewed as explicitly selected and documented attributes, or defined sets of circumstances, authoritatively considered to have a material outcome on the provenance, collection, and manipulation of both recorded data and metadata and their subsequent interpretation or analysis of artefacts and other (contextual) remains. Being chosen, their own provenance is questionable: why were the selected data, metadata, and paradata more relevant than other options? We (re)consider embodied practice as a form of paradata-making normally airbrushed out of the hegemonic accounts of how works of art and archaeological excavations are presented and analysed. Decisions to not include the embodied worker, their apparatus, and their practices of making, or uncovering, haunt images purporting to be historical accounts in the art and archaeology literature by their absence. Adopting a diffractive art/archaeology approach, and subversively applying several well-known cultural heritage recording and presentation techniques, recursively and unconventionally, we throw light on embodied paradata and (re)present them as potentially very valuable pedagogical boundary objects. We also dislocate paradata away from a purely epistemological dimension into an entangled onto-epistemological nexus.
Tiling of dominoes with ranked colors
Authors: Khadir Omar , Németh László , Szalay László 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSeveral articles deal with tilings with various colors and shapes. In this paper, we present a new type of tiling problem of a $$(1\times n)$$

(
1
×
n
)

—board where the colors have a prescribed order of preference and the size of colored dominoes is bounded by $$(1\times s)$$

(
1
×
s
)

. We show that the total number of tilings can be given as a linearly recurrent sequence of order ks, and at the same time by a higher order self-convolution of s-generalized Fibonacci sequences.
Irradiation alters extracellular vesicle microRNA load in the serum of patients with leukaemia
Authors: Hehlgans Stephanie , Eckert Denise , Martin Daniel , Lumniczky Katalin , Bug Gesine , Rödel Claus , Rödel Franz 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Recent data suggest an impact of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their micro(mi)RNA cargo on cell-cell interactions to contribute to pathophysiology of leukaemia and radiation response. Here, we investigated differential miRNA cargo of EVs from serum derived from patients with leukaemia (n = 11) before and after total body irradiation with 2 × 2 Gy as compared to healthy donors (n = 6).

Methods
RNA was isolated from EVs and subjected to next generation sequencing of miRNAs. Analysis of sequencing data was performed with miRDeep29 software and differentially expressed miRNAs were filtered using R package edgeR10,11. Signaling pathways were identified using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database (KEGG) pathway analysis.

Results
Flow cytometric and Western blot analyses confirmed the presence of characteristic EV markers TSG-101, CD‑9 and CD-81. miRNA sequencing revealed a differential cargo in serum of patients with leukaemia in comparison to healthy donors with 23 significantly upregulated and 16 downregulated miRNAs affecting hedgehog, estrogen, glutathione metabolism and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathways amongst others. Whole body irradiation of patients with leukaemia significantly increased 11 miRNAs, involved in cell cycle regulation and platinum drug resistance, and decreased 15 miRNAs, contributing to apoptosis or cytokine-receptor interactions.

Conclusion
As compared to healthy controls and following irradiation, we have identified differentially regulated miRNAs in serum-derived EVs from patients with leukaemia that may serve as possible biomarkers of leukaemic disease and treatment and radiation exposure.