bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What made hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy an effective curative treatment for peritoneal surface malignancy: A 25‐year experience with 1,125 procedures
Authors: Passot Guillaume , Vaudoyer Delphine , Villeneuve Laurent , Kepenekian Vahan , Beaujard Annie‐Claude , Bakrin Naoual , Cotte Eddy , Gilly Francois‐Noel , Glehen Olivier 
Published: April 2016

ObjectiveTo review our 25‐year experience with hyperthermic intra‐peritoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).BackgroundCombining cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and HIPEC as local treatments for peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) was proposed 25 years ago.MethodsA prospective database of all patients undergoing HIPEC for PC since 1989 was searched for clinicopathological data, 90‐day morbidity and mortality, and survival.ResultsAmong 1,125 HIPEC procedures, PC origin was colorectal (342; 30%), ovarian (271; 24%), pseudomyxoma peritonei (189; 17%), gastric (127; 11%), malignant mesothelioma (84; 8%), or other (112; 10%). Between 2004–2009 (n = 321) and 2010–2015 (n = 560), the median peritoneal cancer index decreased (11 vs. 8; P < 0.001), fewer patients underwent incomplete cytoreduction (CC2‐3: 4% vs. 0.5%; P < 0.001), and more were included in randomized trials (5% vs. 16%; P < 0.001). Postoperative morbidity (52% vs. 50%, P = 0.672) was not different, but mortality significantly decreased (5% vs. 2%; P = 0.030). Median overall‐survival was 42 months, and improved significantly for each 5‐year period except for 2006–2010 vs. 2011–2015 (P = 0.097). The 10‐year survival without recurrence was 53%, 14%, 4%, 10%, and 9% for pseudomyxoma, mesothelioma, ovarian, colorectal, and gastric PC, respectively.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that CRS and HIPEC provide long‐term survival irrespective of PC origin, and survival improves with experience. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:796–803. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Programmed death ligand‐1 expression is associated with poor disease free survival in salivary gland carcinomas
Authors: Mukaigawa Takashi , Hayashi Ryuichi , Hashimoto Kazuki , Ugumori Toru , Hato Naohito , Fujii Satoshi 
Published: April 2016

Background and ObjectivesThe immune checkpoint ligand programmed death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) is expressed in various carcinomas and allows carcinoma cells to elude the immune system. PD‐L1 expression is associated with the response to anti‐programmed death 1 (PD‐1)/PD‐L1 drugs. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between PD‐L1 expression and clinicopathological factors of salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) and identify its clinical significance.MethodsPD‐L1 expression was examined by immunohistochemical analysis using a tissue microarray comprised of 219 surgically resected SGC specimens. Detailed clinicopathological factors, including patient outcome, were available for all cases.ResultsA case showing complete membranous expression of PD‐L1 in more than 1% of whole carcinoma cells was considered positive by ROC analysis. A total of 50 (22.8%) patients showed PD‐L1 expression in SGC cells. Positive PD‐L1 expression was significantly associated with poor disease free survival (P < 0.001) and overall survival (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that positive PD‐L1 expression was one of the independent predictors for poor disease free survival (hazard ratio = 2.287, 95% confidence interval = 1.24–4.15; P = 0.008).ConclusionsPositive PD‐L1 expression was significantly associated with poor disease free survival of SGCs, suggesting that antibody therapies targeting PD‐1/PD‐L1 may have potential application in SGCs. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:36–43. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nanolaser arrays based on individual waved CdS nanoribbons
Authors: Zhang Qinglin , Zhu Xiaoli , Li Yunyun , Liang Junwu , Chen Tianren , Fan Peng , Zhou Hong , Hu Wei , Zhuang Xiujuan , Pan Anlian 
Published: April 2016

AbstractNanoscale lasers are attractive for their potential applications in highly integrated photonic devices and systems. Here, nanolaser arrays are realized based on individual waved CdS nanoribbons (NRs) with periodically modulating thickness along the length direction. Microstructure investigations reveal that such a waved NR is formed with triangular‐prism‐like ridges alternately assembled on both sides of a surface flat nanoribbon. Under the focused laser (488 nm) excitation, the emitted light is guided along the length of the waved ribbons and can be well confined into theses ridges, being reflected and leaked out at their ends along both the lateral sides of the NRs. Polarization measurements further demonstrate the formation of the cavities along the length of the ridges. Under pulse laser excitation, the confined light in all these parallel ridges can resonate and realize lasing, forming a nanolaser array based on these individual waved NRs. These nanolasers arrays have potential applications in highly integrated photonics, signal processing, and high‐throughput sensing.
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COX‐1 Inhibitors: Beyond Structure Toward Therapy
Authors: Vitale Paola , Panella Andrea , Scilimati Antonio , Perrone Maria Grazia 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBiosynthesis of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid (AA) is catalyzed by cyclooxygenase (COX), which exists as COX‐1 and COX‐2. AA is in turn released from the cell membrane upon neopathological stimuli. COX inhibitors interfere in this catalytic and disease onset process. The recent prominent discovery involvements of COX‐1 are mainly in cancer and inflammation. Five classes of COX‐1 inhibitors are known up to now and this classification is based on chemical features of both synthetic compounds and substances from natural sources. Physicochemical interactions identification between such molecules and COX‐1 active site was achieved through X‐ray, mutagenesis experiments, specific assays and docking investigations, as well as through a pharmacometric predictive model building. All these insights allowed the design of new highly selective COX‐1 inhibitors to be tested into those disease models in which COX‐1 is involved. Particularly, COX‐1 is expressed at high levels in the early to advanced stages of human epithelial ovarian cancer, and it also seems to play a pivotal role in cancer progression. The refinement of COX‐1 selective inhibitor structure has progressed to the stage that some of the inhibitors described in this review could be considered as promising active principle ingredients of drugs and hence part of specific therapeutic protocols. This review aims to outline achievements, in the last 5 years, dealing with the identification of highly selective synthetic and from plant extracts COX‐1 inhibitors and their theranostic use in neuroinflammation and ovarian cancer. Their gastrotoxic effect is also discussed.
Anthraquinones As Pharmacological Tools and Drugs
Authors: Malik Enas M. , Müller Christa E. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAnthraquinones (9,10‐dioxoanthracenes) constitute an important class of natural and synthetic compounds with a wide range of applications. Besides their utilization as colorants, anthraquinone derivatives have been used since centuries for medical applications, for example, as laxatives and antimicrobial and antiinflammatory agents. Current therapeutic indications include constipation, arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and cancer. Moreover, biologically active anthraquinones derived from Reactive Blue 2 have been utilized as valuable tool compounds for biochemical and pharmacological studies. They may serve as lead structures for the development of future drugs. However, the presence of the quinone moiety in the structure of anthraquinones raises safety concerns, and anthraquinone laxatives have therefore been under critical reassessment. This review article provides an overview of the chemistry, biology, and toxicology of anthraquinones focusing on their application as drugs.
Numerical error estimation of conventional anemometry mounted on offshore floating met‐masts
Authors: Guanche Raúl , del Jesus Fernando , Losada Íñigo J. , Vidal César 
Published: April 2016

AbstractOffshore wind energy is moving towards a future where the main challenge is to cope with the increasing water depth needed to access more and better wind resources. One of the first steps to be undertaken is the development of floating structures to support either wind turbines or measurement devices for the proper characterization of wind energy resources.The use of floating devices for measuring wind speed involves a number of uncertainties not presented by seabed fixed systems. These sources of uncertainty or error are present both in instantaneous wind measurements and averaged (10 min or hourly) values because of (i) variability in the measurement height, (ii) the tilt of the anemometer and (iii) the relative velocity between the anemometer and the wind, among others.In this paper, a methodology for assessing the error in the wind measurement characterization because of the movement of a floating meteorological mast is presented. By the numerical simulation of a floating mast, the short‐ and long‐term error in the characterization of the wind at different heights has been evaluated. In general, the error because of the tilt can reach up to 80% of the total error; the error because of the variation of the vertical position of the anemometer reaches values of up to 15% in some cases; moreover, the error associated with the relative velocity between the anemometer and the wind, for averaged values, is significantly less. Finally, it can be concluded that the total error is lower than 0.5% for 10 min averaged wind speed of up to 24 m/s. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maximal incompleteness as obfuscation potency
Authors: Giacobazzi Roberto , Mastroeni Isabella , Dalla Preda Mila 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Obfuscation is the art of making code hard to reverse engineer and understand. In this paper, we propose a formal model for specifying and understanding the strength of obfuscating transformations with respect to a given attack model. The idea is to consider the attacker as an abstract interpreter willing to extract information about the program’s semantics. In this scenario, we show that obfuscating code is making the analysis imprecise, namely making the corresponding abstract domain incomplete. It is known that completeness is a property of the abstract domain and the program to analyse. We introduce a framework for transforming abstract domains, i.e., analyses, towards incompleteness. The family of incomplete abstractions for a given program provides a characterisation of the potency of obfuscation employed in that program, i.e., its strength against the attack specified by those abstractions. We show this characterisation for known obfuscating transformations used to inhibit program slicing and automated disassembly.
Similar dispersal patterns between two closely related birds with contrasting migration strategies
Authors: Ceresa Francesco , Belda Eduardo J. , Monrós Juan S. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractStudying dispersal is crucial to understand metapopulation and sink‐source dynamics and invasion processes. The capability to disperse is especially important for species living in fragmented habitats like wetlands. We investigated the distribution of natal and breeding dispersal distances and philopatry in Spanish populations of two closely related reedbed‐nesting birds, the Moustached Warbler Acrocephalus melanopogon and the Eurasian Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus. These warblers are morphologically very similar, but differ in migration strategy and, in our study area, in population size. Our aims were to find the best model for dispersal distances and to assess the occurrence of intra‐ or interspecific differences in dispersal patterns. We used ringing data from the Spanish marking scheme and selected recaptures to avoid including migrating individuals. In both species, most individuals were philopatric but dispersing birds were able to cross large distances (up to more than 100 km), suggesting the capability to compensate for habitat fragmentation. We found the heavy‐tailed Cauchy distribution to be the best conceptual description for our data, in all cases but natal dispersal of Moustached Warblers. Among Eurasian Reed Warblers, natal philopatry was lower than breeding philopatry. We found no significant interspecific differences. This does not confirm the hypothesis of higher dispersal ability in long distance migrants (like Eurasian Reed Warblers) than in resident/short distance migrant bird species (like Moustached Warblers). The similarity in dispersal patterns among the two warblers may be explained by their close phylogenetic relatedness, similar constraints imposed on both species by a patchy habitat or similar evolutionary pressures.
Single cell oil production from a newly isolated Candida viswanathii Y-E4 and agro-industrial by-products valorization
Authors: Ayadi Ines , Kamoun Omama , Trigui-Lahiani Hèla , Hdiji Anouar , Gargouri Ali , Belghith Hafedh , Guerfali Mohamed 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Microbial lipids have drawn increasing attention in recent years as promising raw materials for biodiesel and added-value compounds production. To this end, new oleaginous yeast, Candida viswanathii Y-E4 was isolated, characterized and used for single cell oil (SCO) production. Physiologic and nutritional parameters optimization was carried out for improved biomass and lipid production. Y-E4 strain was able to use a wide range of substrates, especially C5 and C6 sugars as well as glycerol and hydrophobic substrates. The fatty acid profile analysis showed that oleic acid was the main component produced using different substrates. Batch and fed-bath fermentation were conducted using glucose as carbon source. Lipid production rate is twice higher in fed-batch culture providing a lipid content of 50 % (w/w). To minimize the SCO production cost, C. viswanathii Y-E4 was evaluated for its capacity to use different agro-industrial by-products for microbial oil production and changes in the fatty acid profile were monitored.
Stand density and species richness affect carbon storage and net primary productivity in early and late successional temperate forests differently
Authors: Cai Huiying , Di Xueying , Chang Scott X. , Jin Guangze 
Published: April 2016

AbstractHow stand density and species richness affect carbon (C) storage and net primary productivity (NPP) changes with forest succession is poorly understood. We quantified the C storage of trees and the aboveground NPP in an early successional secondary birch forest (birch forest) and a late successional mixed broadleaf‐Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) forest (mixed forest) in northeastern China. We found that: 1) tree C storage in the mixed forest (120.3 Mg C ha−1) was significantly higher than that in the birch forest (78.5 Mg C ha−1), whereas the aboveground NPP was not different between the two forest types; and 2) only stand density had a positive linear relationship with tree C storage and aboveground NPP in the birch forest. In the mixed forest, both tree C storage and aboveground NPP were significantly affected by the combination of the stand density and species richness. The tree C storage to stand density and species richness relationships were hump‐shaped. The aboveground NPP increased with increasing stand density, but its relationship to species richness was hump‐shaped. We conclude that the effect of stand density and species richness on tree C storage and aboveground NPP was influenced by forest stand succession, and such effects should be considered in studying stand density‐ and species richness‐ ecosystem function (e.g., C storage and NPP) relationships in temperate forest ecosystems.
Perceived Service Need After Hurricane Sandy in a Representative Sample of Survivors: The Roles of Community-Level Damage and Individual-Level Stressors
Authors: Sampson Laura , Lowe Sarah R. , Gruebner Oliver , Cohen Gregory H. , Galea Sandro 
Published: April 2016

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to explore how individually experienced disaster-related stressors and collectively experienced community-level damage influenced perceived need for mental health services in the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study we analyzed 418 adults who lived in the most affected areas of New York City at the time of the storm. Participants indicated whether they perceived a need for mental health services since the storm and reported on their exposure to disaster-related stressors (eg, displacement, property damage). We located participants in communities (n=293 census tracts) and gathered community-level demographic data through the US Census and data on the number of damaged buildings in each community from the Federal Emergency Management Agency Modeling Task Force.ResultsA total of 7.9% of participants reported mental health service need since the hurricane. Through multilevel binomial logistic regression analysis, we found a cross-level interaction (P=0.04) between individual-level exposure to disaster-related stressors and community-level building damage. Individual-level stressors were significantly predictive of individual service needs in communities with building damage (adjusted odds ratio: 2.56; 95% confidence interval: 1.58-4.16) and not in communities without damage.ConclusionIndividuals who experienced individual stressors and who lived in more damaged communities were more likely to report need for services than were other persons after Hurricane Sandy. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:428–435)
Emergence of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Nursing Homes With High Background Rates of MRSA Colonization
Authors: Cheng Vincent C. C. , Chen Jonathan H. K. , Ng W. C. , Wong Janet Y. H. , Chow Denise M. K. , Law T. C. , So Simon Y. C. , Wong Sally C. Y. , Chan T. C. , Chan Felix H. W. , Ho P. L. , Yuen K. Y. 
Published: April 2016

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) with diverse multilocus sequence typing emerged among our nursing home residents (6.5%) with a high background rate of MRSA (32.2%). Rectal swabs yielded a higher rate of CRAB detection than axillary or nasal swabs. Bed-bound status, use of adult diapers, and nasogastric tube were risk factors for CRAB colonization.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;37:983–986
Bushmeat hunting around a remnant coastal rainforest in Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Gonedelé Bi S. , Koné Inza , Béné J.C.K. , Bitty E.A. , Yao K.A. , Kouassi B.A. , Gaubert P. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractFor most Ivorian regions quantitative data on the exploitation of bushmeat by local communities are scarce. We studied hunting patterns around Dassioko Sud Forest Reserve, a remnant coastal forest in south-eastern Côte d'Ivoire, through a 6-month survey of nine restaurants, in three villages surrounding the Reserve. We collected quantitative and qualitative data on the bushmeat brought to restaurants, as well as the final price for which it was sold. We calculated mean prices over the study period and extrapolated to the whole year. A total of 376 mammals (98%) and eight reptiles (2%) were sold in the restaurants surveyed. Rodents and small antelopes represented 74% of the mammals sold, probably reflecting the fact that reproductive strategists persist more successfully in heavily hunted and/or agricultural landscapes, such as the area around the Reserve. Our conservative estimate of the total biomass of bushmeat harvested annually around the Reserve is c. 40,428.03 kg (c. 11,886 animals), with a monetary value of c. FCFA 47,728,516 (c. USD 93,485.75 ), yielding an annual income of c. USD10,387.31 per person, which exceeds the mean annual income of cocoa farmers (FCFA 466,032/USD 932) more than tenfold. Although the sustainability of the bushmeat trade in the surveyed area remains unknown, we showed that hunters predominantly used cable snares, the Reserve was significantly affected by hunting activities (c. 53% of the bushmeat originated there), and larger mammalian species had been extirpated. A lack of effective protection exposes the Reserve to multiple illegal activities, including hunting, a situation exacerbated by the political crisis in 2010.
Linguistic and object-based stance-taking in Appalachian interviews
Authors: Burkette Allison 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis article uses data from interviews conducted in western North Carolina in order to examine the ways in which speakers enact authoritative, evaluative, and interactional stances to construct individual identity. In this data, we find a subtle interplay between the content of explicit statements, narrative content, and the use of grammatical features associated with Appalachian English (e.g.a-prefixing, nonstandard past tense), and the use of physical artifacts as sources of stance-taking. This article focuses on two speakers' use of (present and not-present) physical artifacts (a placemat, a Civil War era sword, a lock of hair, and a piece of wood with a bullet hole in it) to enact stances that construct individual versions of an Appalachian identity. What this analysis suggests is that it is not just linguistic choices that contribute to stance enactment, but physical objects as well. (Sociolinguistics, stance-taking, Appalachian English, material culture, language and idenity)*
Vertical, capacitive microelectromechanical switches produced via direct writing of copper wires
Authors: Yi Zhiran , Guo Jianjun , Chen Yining , Zhang Haiqing , Zhang Shuai , Xu Gaojie , Yu Minfeng , Cui Ping 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) direct writing based on the meniscus-confined electrodeposition of copper metal wires was used in this study to develop vertical capacitive microelectromechanical switches. Vertical microelectromechanical switches reduce the form factor and increase the area density of such devices in integrated circuits. We studied the electromechanical characteristics of such vertical switches by exploring the dependence of switching voltage on various device structures, particularly with regard to the length, wire diameter, and the distance between the two wires. A simple model was found to match the experimental measurements made in this study. We found that the electrodeposited copper microwires exhibit a good elastic modulus close to that of bulk copper. By optimizing the 3D structure of the electrodes, a volatile electromechanical switch with a sub-5 V switching voltage was demonstrated in a vertical microscale switch with a gap distance as small as 100 nm created with a pair of copper wires with diameters of ~1 μm and heights of 25 μm. This study establishes an innovative approach to construct microelectromechanical systems with arbitrary 3D microwire structures for various applications, including the demonstrated volatile and nonvolatile microswitches.
Spontaneous formation and base pairing of plausible prebiotic nucleotides in water
Authors: Cafferty Brian J. , Fialho David M. , Khanam Jaheda , Krishnamurthy Ramanarayanan , Hud Nicholas V. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe RNA World hypothesis presupposes that abiotic reactions originally produced nucleotides, the monomers of RNA and universal constituents of metabolism. However, compatible prebiotic reactions for the synthesis of complementary (that is, base pairing) nucleotides and mechanisms for their mutual selection within a complex chemical environment have not been reported. Here we show that two plausible prebiotic heterocycles, melamine and barbituric acid, form glycosidic linkages with ribose and ribose-5-phosphate in water to produce nucleosides and nucleotides in good yields. Even without purification, these nucleotides base pair in aqueous solution to create linear supramolecular assemblies containing thousands of ordered nucleotides. Nucleotide anomerization and supramolecular assemblies favour the biologically relevant β-anomer form of these ribonucleotides, revealing abiotic mechanisms by which nucleotide structure and configuration could have been originally favoured. These findings indicate that nucleotide formation and selection may have been robust processes on the prebiotic Earth, if other nucleobases preceded those of extant life.