bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Des pavés du Nord au faubourg Saint-Germain, l'ascension d'une famille bourgeoise : les Brame
Authors: Foucart-Borville Jacques 
Published: February 2016

Comme suite au remarquable Journal intime de Caroline B (Brame) publié en 1985 par l'historienne du féminisme Michelle Perrot, l'auteur retrace l'ascension sociale typique d'une famille lilloise, les Brame, paveurs enrichis par l'entreprise des routes sous le Premier Empire, puis s'élevant à la haute intelligentsia avec deux figures de premier plan : Jules Brame, député de Roubaix pourfendeur du libre-échange, et son cadet Edouard Brame, ingénieur du chemin de fer de la petite ceinture de Paris, ancêtre du Métropolitain. La fille d'Edouard est justement cette Caroline, fine et sensible à souhait, qui épouse en 1866 un magistrat sans flamme ni avenir, mais très riche, Ernest Orville.
La fortune de ces familles, investie dans les mines de charbon de Maries (Pas- de-Calais) et du Grand Hornu (Borinage), se manifeste par la possession de châteaux tels que Mareuil-en-Brie, Mariemont (Hainaut belge), Fontaine-les-Croix près Roubaix (celui-ci pomme de discorde entre les deux frères) et aujourd'hui Marquillies, près Haubourdin. Une abondante iconographie illustre l'article.
L'huile de Bétique dans le nord de la France d'après les marques d'amphores Dressel 20
Authors: Jacques François 
Published: February 2016

In het vroege keizerrijk was de olie van Betica (Andaloezië) een zeer verspreid produkt. Daar een aantal amforen gestempeld waren, kan men de handelswegen reconstitueren, ook al is een kwantitatieve studie ondenkbaar.
Men kent nu beter de produktiecentra en de datering van de amforen, wat geleid heeft tot een nieuwe studie van de stempels in het Noorden en in de Pas-de-Calais. Ongepubliceerde en beter gelezen stempels worden opgenomen.
De amforen werden gemaakt langs de Genil-en Guadalquivirrivieren Men windt een verbazende concen- tratie van ateliers die de stroek bevoorraad hebben.
Het was een luxeprodukt dat noodzakelijk was voor het leven op zijn Romeins, dat men zowel in de steden als in de villa's aantreft. Er is geen echt chronologisch onderscheid met de legerkampen die de grootste verbruikers waren. Ten laatste in 50 komt de Spaanse olie aan in de streek. Men kan het toppunt van de import, met de nodige voorzichtigheid, situeren tussen 120 en 170. Met weet niet goed wanneer die vermindert, maar in de derde eeuw was er een zeker verval. Er zijn ook late amforen (midden derde eeuw) gevonden.
Le protestantisme en Boulonnais (milieu XVIIe siècle - début XXe siècle)
Authors: Joblin Alain 
Published: February 2016

Le protestantisme boulonnais fut et reste un phénomène religieux minoritaire. La présence huguenote en terre boulonnaise est attestée dès le milieu du XVIe siècle, à Boulogne tout d'abord puis dans un certain nombre de paroisses situées au sud de la ville et en Haut-Boulonnais. Officiers, marchands et artisans constituèrent l'essentiel d'une communauté qui survécut grâce à la protection d'une petite noblesse réformée.
Après avoir quasiment disparu au lendemain de la Révocation de l'édit de Nantes, le protestantisme réapparut en Boulonnais grâce à l'action conjuguée de l'Eglise Réformée de France et de celle des missionnaires, anglais en particulier, qui cherchèrent à pénétrer tout particulièrement les milieux populaires.
Le but de cette étude est donc de faire revivre cette communauté et de souligner qu'au-delà des différences, le protestantisme tant aux XVIe-XVIIe siècles, qu'au XIXe siècle, offrit à certaines individualités une occasion de promotion sociale et contribua à une meilleure christianisation de la population boulonnaise.
Un projet de camp retranché sous Lille en l'an II
Authors: Milot Jean 
Published: February 2016

Des auteurs ont attribué le camp retranché de La Madeleine à Marescot, futur premier inspecteur général du génie et comte d'Empire, alors qu'il était capitaine à Lille en l'an II.
Cette attribution, faite un siècle après les événements, résulte d'une confusion avec un projet, sans suite, d'un camp retranché au faubourg des Malades, au sud-ouest de la place de Lille.
HST-COS OBSERVATIONS OF AGNs. III. SPECTRAL CONSTRAINTS IN THE LYMAN CONTINUUM FROM COMPOSITE COS/G140L DATA*
Authors: Tilton Evan M. , Stevans Matthew L. , Shull J. Michael , Danforth Charles W. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
The rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are important diagnostics of both accretion disk physics and their contribution to the metagalactic ionizing UV background. Though the mean AGN spectrum is well characterized with composite spectra at wavelengths greater than 912 Å, the shorter-wavelength extreme-UV (EUV) remains poorly studied. In this third paper in a series on the spectra of AGNs, we combine 11 new spectra taken with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope with archival spectra to characterize the typical EUV spectral slope of AGNs from λ
rest ∼ 850 Å down to λ
rest ∼ 425 Å. Parameterizing this slope as a power law, we obtain F

ν
∝ ν
−0.72±0.26, but we also discuss the limitations and systematic uncertainties of this model. We identify broad emission features in this spectral region, including emission due to ions of O, Ne, Mg, and other species, and we limit the intrinsic He i 504 Å photoelectric absorption edge opacity to τ
He i
< 0.047.
AURORAL RADIO EMISSION FROM LATE L AND T DWARFS: A NEW CONSTRAINT ON DYNAMO THEORY IN THE SUBSTELLAR REGIME
Authors: Kao Melodie M. , Hallinan Gregg , Pineda J. Sebastian , Escala Ivanna , Burgasser Adam , Bourke Stephen , Stevenson David 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
We have observed six late L and T dwarfs with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) to investigate the presence of highly circularly polarized radio emission, associated with large-scale auroral currents. Previous surveys encompassing ∼60 L6 or later targets have yielded only one detection. Our sample includes the previously detected T6.5 dwarf 2MASS 10475385+2124234, as well as five new targets selected for the presence of Hα emission and/or optical infrared photometric variability, which are possible manifestations of auroral activity. We detect 2MASS 10475385+2124234, as well as four of the five targets in our biased sample, including the strong IR-variable source SIMP J01365662+0933473 and bright Hα emitter 2MASS 12373919+6526148, reinforcing the possibility that activity at these disparate wavelengths is related. The radio emission frequency corresponds to a precise determination of the lower-bound magnetic field strength near the surface of each dwarf, and this new sample provides robust constraints on dynamo theory in the low-mass brown dwarf regime. Magnetic fields

kG are confirmed for five of six targets. Our results provide tentative evidence that the dynamo operating in this mass regime may be inconsistent with predicted values from a recently proposed model. Further observations at higher radio frequencies are essential for verifying this assertion.
LITHIUM IN OPEN CLUSTER RED GIANTS HOSTING SUBSTELLAR COMPANIONS
Authors: Carlberg Joleen K. , Smith Verne V. , Cunha Katia , Carpenter Kenneth G. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
We have measured stellar parameters, [Fe/H], lithium abundances, rotation, and 12C/13C in a small sample of red giants (RGs) in three open clusters that are each home to a RG star that hosts a substellar companion (SSC) (NGC 2423 3, NGC 4349 127, and BD+12 1917 in M67). Our goal is to explore whether the presence of SSCs influences the Li content. Both 12C/13C and stellar rotation are measured as additional tracers of stellar mixing. One of the companion hosts, NGC 2423 3, is found to be Li-rich with A(Li)

1.56 dex, and this abundance is significantly higher than the A(Li) of the two comparison stars in NGC 2423. All three SSC hosts have the highest A(Li) and 12C/13C when compared to the control RGs in their respective clusters; however, except for NGC 2423 3, at least one control star has similarly high abundances within the uncertainties. Higher A(Li) could suggest that the formation or presence of planets plays a role in the degree of internal mixing on or before the RG branch. However, a multitude of factors affect A(Li) during the RG phase, and when the abundances of our sample are compared with the abundances of RGs in other open clusters available in the literature, we find that they all fall well within a much larger distribution of A(Li) and 12C/13C. Thus, even the high Li in NGC 2423 3 cannot be concretely tied to the presence of the SSC.
GALAXY OUTFLOWS WITHOUT SUPERNOVAE
Authors: Sur Sharanya , Scannapieco Evan , Ostriker Eve C. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
High surface density, rapidly star-forming galaxies are observed to have ≈50–100 km s−1 line of sight velocity dispersions, which are much higher than expected from supernova driving alone, but may arise from large-scale gravitational instabilities. Using three-dimensional simulations of local regions of the interstellar medium, we explore the impact of high velocity dispersions that arise from these disk instabilities. Parametrizing disks by their surface densities and epicyclic frequencies, we conduct a series of simulations that probe a broad range of conditions. Turbulence is driven purely horizontally and on large scales, neglecting any energy input from supernovae. We find that such motions lead to strong global outflows in the highly compact disks that were common at high redshifts, but weak or negligible mass loss in the more diffuse disks that are prevalent today. Substantial outflows are generated if the one-dimensional horizontal velocity dispersion exceeds ≈35 km s−1, as occurs in the dense disks that have star-formation rate (SFR) densities above ≈0.1 M
⊙ yr−1 kpc−2. These outflows are triggered by a thermal runaway, arising from the inefficient cooling of hot material coupled with successive heating from turbulent driving. Thus, even in the absence of stellar feedback, a critical value of the SFR density for outflow generation can arise due to a turbulent heating instability. This suggests that in strongly self-gravitating disks, outflows may be enhanced by, but need not caused by, energy input from supernovae.
THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY REVERBERATION MAPPING PROJECT: FIRST BROAD-LINE Hβ AND Mg ii LAGS AT z ≳ 0.3 FROM SIX-MONTH SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Shen Yue , Horne Keith , Grier C. J. , Peterson Bradley M. , Denney Kelly D. , Trump Jonathan R. , Sun Mouyuan , Brandt W. N. , Kochanek Christopher S. , Dawson Kyle S. , Green Paul J. , Greene Jenny E. , Hall Patrick B. , Ho Luis C. , Jiang Linhua , Kinemuchi Karen , McGreer Ian D. , Petitjean Patrick , Richards Gordon T. , Schneider Donald P. , Strauss Michael A. , Tao Charling , Wood-Vasey W. M. , Zu Ying , Pan Kaike , Bizyaev Dmitry , Ge Jian , Oravetz Daniel , Simmons Audrey 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
Reverberation mapping (RM) measurements of broad-line region (BLR) lags in

quasars are important for directly measuring black hole masses in these distant objects, but so far there have been limited attempts and success given the practical difficulties of RM in this regime. Here we report preliminary results of 15 BLR lag measurements from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping (SDSS-RM) project, a dedicated RM program with multi-object spectroscopy designed for RM over a wide redshift range. The lags are based on the 2014 spectroscopic light curves alone (32 epochs over six months) and focus on the Hβ and Mg ii broad lines in the 100 lowest-redshift (

) quasars included in SDSS-RM; they represent a small subset of the lags that SDSS-RM (including 849 quasars to

) is expected to deliver. The reported preliminary lag measurements are for intermediate-luminosity quasars at

, including nine Hβ lags and six Mg ii lags, for the first time extending RM results to this redshift–luminosity regime and providing direct quasar black hole mass estimates over approximately half of cosmic time. The Mg ii lags also increase the number of known Mg ii lags by several fold and start to explore the utility of Mg ii for RM at high redshift. The location of these new lags at higher redshifts on the observed BLR size–luminosity relationship is statistically consistent with previous Hβ results at

. However, an independent constraint on the relationship slope at

is not yet possible owing to the limitations in our current sample. Our results demonstrate the general feasibility and potential of multi-object RM for

quasars.
STRUCTURE OF PROMINENCE LEGS: PLASMA AND MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: Levens P. J. , Schmieder B. , Labrosse N. , Ariste A. López 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
We investigate the properties of a “solar tornado” observed on 2014 July 15, and aim to link the behavior of the plasma to the internal magnetic field structure of the associated prominence. We made multi-wavelength observations with high spatial resolution and high cadence using SDO/AIA, the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) spectrograph, and the Hinode/Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) instrument. Along with spectropolarimetry provided by the Télescope Héliographique pour l’Etude du Magnétisme et des Instabilités Solaires telescope we have coverage of both optically thick emission lines and magnetic field information. AIA reveals that the two legs of the prominence are strongly absorbing structures which look like they are rotating, or oscillating in the plane of the sky. The two prominence legs, which are both very bright in Ca ii (SOT), are not visible in the IRIS Mg ii slit-jaw images. This is explained by the large optical thickness of the structures in Mg ii, which leads to reversed profiles, and hence to lower integrated intensities at these locations than in the surroundings. Using lines formed at temperatures lower than 1 MK, we measure relatively low Doppler shifts on the order of ±10 km s−1 in the tornado-like structure. Between the two legs we see loops in Mg ii, with material flowing from one leg to the other, as well as counterstreaming. It is difficult to interpret our data as showing two rotating, vertical structures that are unrelated to the loops. This kind of “tornado” scenario does not fit with our observations. The magnetic field in the two legs of the prominence is found to be preferentially horizontal.
THE PAN-PACIFIC PLANET SEARCH. IV. TWO SUPER-JUPITERS IN A 3:5 RESONANCE ORBITING THE GIANT STAR HD 33844
Authors: Wittenmyer Robert A. , Johnson John Asher , Butler R. P. , Horner Jonathan , Wang Liang , Robertson Paul , Jones M. I. , Jenkins J. S. , Brahm R. , Tinney C. G. , Mengel M. W. , Clark J. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery of two giant planets orbiting the K giant HD 33844 based on radial velocity data from three independent campaigns. The planets move on nearly circular orbits with semimajor axes

AU and

AU, and have minimum masses (m sin i) of

and

. Detailed N-body dynamical simulations show that the two planets have remained on stable orbits for more than 106 years for low eccentricities and are most likely trapped in a mutual 3:5 mean motion resonance.
TWO TRANSITING LOW DENSITY SUB-SATURNS FROM K2
Authors: Petigura Erik A. , Howard Andrew W. , Lopez Eric D. , Deck Katherine M. , Fulton Benjamin J. , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Ciardi David R. , Chiang Eugene , Lee Eve J. , Isaacson Howard , Beichman Charles A. , Hansen Brad M. S. , Schlieder Joshua E. , Sinukoff Evan 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery and confirmation of K2-24 b and c, two sub-Saturn planets orbiting a bright (V = 11.3), metal-rich ([Fe/H] = 0.42 ± 0.04 dex) G3 dwarf in the K2 Campaign 2 field. The planets are 5.68 ± 0.56

and 7.82 ± 0.72

and have orbital periods of 20.8851 ± 0.0003 days and 42.3633 ± 0.0006 days, near the 2:1 mean-motion resonance. We obtained 32 radial velocities with Keck/HIRES and detected the reflex motion due to K2-24 b and c. These planets have masses of 21.0 ± 5.4

and 27.0 ± 6.9

, respectively. With low densities of 0.63 ± 0.25 g cm−3 and 0.31 ± 0.12 g cm−3, respectively, the planets require thick envelopes of H/He to explain their large sizes and low masses. Interior structure models predict that the planets have fairly massive cores of

and

, respectively. They may have formed exterior to their present locations, accreted their H/He envelopes at large orbital distances, and migrated in as a resonant pair. The proximity to resonance, large transit depths, and host star brightness offers rich opportunities for TTV follow-up. Finally, the low surface gravities of the K2-24 planets make them favorable targets for transmission spectroscopy by Hubble Space Telescope, Spitzer, and James Webb Space Telescope.
The Meristogram: a neglected tool for acanthocephalan systematics
Authors: Wayland Matthew 
Published: February 2016

The hooks of the acanthocephalan proboscis exhibit serial variation in size and shape. The Meristogram was developed by Huffman and Bullock (1975) to provide a graphical representation of this positional variation in hook morphology. Initial studies demonstrated the ability of the Meristogram to discriminate species within the genera Echinorhynchus and Pomphorhynchus (Huffman and Bullock 1975, Huffman and Nickol 1978, Gleason and Huffman 1981). However, the reliability of the method for taxonomic work was questioned by Shostak et al. (1986) after they found intra-specific variation in two Echinorhynchus species. Uncertainty about the usefulness of the Meristogram and the absence of a readily available software implementation of the algorithm, might explain why this abstract proboscis character has yet to be adopted by acanthocephalan systematists.
The Meristogram algorithm was implemented in the R language and a simple graphical user interface created to facilitate ease of use (the software is freely available from https://github.com/WaylandM/meristogram). The accuracy of the algorithm's formula for calculating hook cross-sectional area was validated by data collected using a digitizing tablet. Meristograms were created from data in public respositories for eight Echinorhynchus taxa: E. bothniensis, E. 'bothniensis', E. gadi spp. A, B and I, E. brayi, E. salmonis and E. truttae. In this preliminary analysis, the meristogram differentiated E. bothniensis, E. brayi, E. gadi sp. B, E. salmonis and E. truttae from each other, and from the remaining taxa in this study, but independent data will be required for validation. Sample sizes for E. 'bothniensis' and E. gadi spp. A and I were too small to identify diagnostic features with any degree of confidence. Meristogram differences among the sibling species of the E. gadi and E. bothniensis groups suggest that the 'intra-specfic' variation in meristogram previously reported for some Echinorhynchus taxa, may have actually represented morphological divergence between unrecognized cryptic species. Hierarchical clustering of taxa based on Meristogram data yielded dendrograms that were largely concordant with phylogenetic relationships inferred from DNA sequence data, indicating the presence of a strong phylogenetic signal.
Survival of Igα-Deficient Mature B Cells Requires BAFF-R Function
Authors: Levit-Zerdoun Ella , Becker Martin , Pohlmeyer Roland , Wilhelm Isabel , Maity Palash Chandra , Rajewsky Klaus , Reth Michael , Hobeika Elias 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Expression of a functional BCR is essential for the development of mature B cells and has been invoked in the control of their maintenance. To test this maintenance function in a new experimental setting, we used the tamoxifen-inducible mb1-CreERT2 mouse strain to delete or truncate either the mb-1 gene encoding the BCR signaling subunit Igα or the VDJ segment of the IgH (H chain [HC]). In this system, Cre-mediated deletion of the mb-1 gene is accompanied by expression of a GFP reporter. We found that, although the Igα-deficient mature B cells survive for &gt;20 d in vivo, the HC-deficient or Igα tail-truncated B cell population is short-lived, with the HC-deficient cells displaying signs of an unfolded protein response. We also show that Igα-deficient B cells still respond to the prosurvival factor BAFF in culture and require BAFF-R signaling for their in vivo maintenance. These results suggest that, under certain conditions, the loss of the BCR can be tolerated by mature B cells for some time, whereas HC-deficient B cells, potentially generated by aberrant somatic mutations in the germinal center, are rapidly eliminated.
The invasive Chinese pond mussel Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834) as a host for native symbionts in European waters
Authors: Cichy Anna , Urbańska Maria , Marszewska Anna , Andrzejewski Wojciech , Żbikowska Elżbieta 
Published: February 2016

<p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> B</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">iological invasions are commonly observed in both the natural habitats and those which are altered by human activities. An understanding of the mechanisms involved in the successful introduction, establishment and invasion of exotic taxa is essential in predicting of changes in biodiversity and community structure. Symbiont-mediated interactions between exotic and native hosts are of special interest due to the indirect effects on population dynamics. The aim of this study was to estimate the presence of symbionts in Chinese pond mussel </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><em>Sinanodonta woodiana</em> (Lea, 1834), an exotic species of mussel in European fresh waters. The number of 340 individuals of <em>S. woodiana</em> was collected from Polish water bodies, including thermally heated lakes and fish ponds with natural thermal regime. The examination of mussels revealed the presence of <em>Rhipidocotyle campanula </em>sporocysts and cercariae (Digenea: Bucephalidae), water mites <em>Unionicola ypsilophora</em> (Acari: Hydracarina), oligochaetes <em>Chaetogaster limnaei limnaei</em> (Oligochaeta: Naididae) and chironomids<em> Glyptotendipes</em> sp. (Diptera: Chironomidae). The global prevalence of mussels inhabited by <em>Ch. limnaei limnaei </em>was 7.6%, by water mites and chironomids 3.5%, and by <em>R. campanula</em> cercariae 2.0%. The significant difference in the number of mussels with symbionts was identified between heated lakes and fish ponds (<em>χ</em><sup>2</sup>=4.15; df=1, P=0.04), with a higher global prevalence of mussels in fish ponds (22.3%) compared to heated lakes (13.7%). <em>R. campanula</em> or <em>U. ypsilophora</em> were only found in mussels collected from thermally polluted lakes or fish ponds, respectively. Chironomid larvae and oligochaetes occurred in both types of water bodies. However, <em>Glyptotendipes</em> sp. inhabited mussels with a higher global prevalence in fish ponds than in thermally polluted lakes, while <em>Ch. limnaei limnaei</em> was observed mainly in hosts from heated lakes, and only from one fish pond that were not drained. Our findings indicate that the alien Chinese pond mussel <em>S. woodiana</em> can be inhabited by different groups of symbionts native to Europe, including digenetic trematodes. The results show that <em>S. woodiana</em> can affect directly and indirectly water habitats and the vulnerability of infection with symbionts depends on ecosystem conditions. It occurs that even considerable climate differences do not pose a barrier for exotic mussels to spread. </span></p>