bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Our connections to soil health through simile
Authors: Franzluebbers Alan J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHealthy soil supports the global carbon cycle, the water cycle, and many nutrient cycles to stabilize ecosystems. We take these processes for granted, and yet, disruptions to these cycles would be devastating if soils became defunct and plants could not photosynthesize. As with the health of the human body to which we rely on to carry out our daily lives, so too does the health of soil give essential life to our world. Strong corollaries exist between the functioning of the human body and the soil body. This essay explores these two bodies through simile. Just as we wish others good health, so too should each of us (and society) wish a world with excellent soil health. A foundational pathway laid by strong science, but pitched to engage more of the public in this effort to foster better soil health might be through non‐traditional impressionistic storylines.
Associations between AHA's Life's Essential 8 and cognition in midlife and older adults
Authors: Master Lindsay , Shen Yuqi , Allan Alexa C. , Beydoun May A. , Zonderman Alan B. , Evans Michele K. , Buxton Orfeu M. , Gamaldo Alyssa A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThis study evaluated the associations between Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and cognitive performance, and compared the strength of the relationships of Life's Simple 7 (LS7) and LE8 to cognition in midlife and older adults.METHODSParticipants (N = 1539) were from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) study. Cross‐sectional multivariable regression examined the associations between LE8 and cognition. Secondary analyses compared model performance between LE8 and LS7 measures on cognition from the same available sample.RESULTSHigher LE8 scores were associated with better global cognitive performance, working memory, and attention. The LS7 model outperformed the LE8 model on global cognitive performance, but the LE8 model outperformed the LS7 model for the working memory domain.DISCUSSIONBetter cardiovascular health (CVH) was associated with better cognitive performance among US middle‐aged and older adults. However, the association between CVH and specific cognitive domains varies when using LE8 versus LS7.Highlights
Cardiovascular health (CVH) is associated with cognitive performance.
Life's Essential 8 (LE8) is a new construct to quantify CVH.
Associations between LE8 and cognition were assessed.
Higher LE8 was associated with better global cognitive performance.
Higher LE8 was also associated with better working memory and attention.
Band Engineering of Mn‐P Alloy Enables HER‐suppressed Aqueous Manganese Ion Batteries
Authors: Lu Wenqiang , Zheng Tianfang , Zhang Xinyuan , He Tianmin , Sun Yuxin , Li Shuyang , Guan Buyuan , Zhang Dong , Wei Zhixuan , Jiang Heng , Fan Hong Jin , Du Fei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAqueous manganese ion batteries hold potential for stationary storage applications owing to their merits in cost, energy density, and environmental sustainability. However, the formidable challenge is the instability of metallic manganese (Mn) anodes in aqueous electrolytes due to severe hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which is more serious than the commonly studied Zn metal anodes. Moreover, the mechanism of HER side reactions has remained unclear. Herein, we design a series of Mn−P alloying anodes by precisely regulating their energy band structures to mitigate the HER issue. It is found that the serious HER primarily originates from the spontaneous Mn‐H2O reaction driven by the excessively high HOMO energy level of Mn, rather than electrocatalytic water splitting. Owing to a reduced HOMO energy level and enhanced electron escape work function, the MnP anode achieves an evidently enhanced cycle durability (over 1000 hours at a high current density of 5 mA cm−2). The MnP||AgVO full cell with an N/P ratio of 4 exhibits better rate capability and extended cycle life (7000 cycles) with minimal capacity degradation than the cell using metallic Mn anode (less than 100 cycles). This study provides a practical approach for developing highly durable aqueous Mn ion batteries
Cocrystallization‐Induced Red Ultralong Organic Phosphorescence
Authors: Yin Zheng , Xie Zongliang , Zhang Xianhe , Xue Yufeng , Zhang Deqing , Liu Bin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOrganic cocrystals formed through multicomponent self‐assembly have attracted significant interest owing to their clear structure and tunable optical properties. However, most cocrystal systems suffer from inefficient long‐wavelength emission and low phosphorescence efficiency due to strong non‐radiative processes governed by the energy gap law. Herein, an efficient long‐lived red afterglow is achieved using a pyrene (Py) cocrystal system incorporating a second component (NPYC4) with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) properties. The cocrystal (NPYC4‐Py) not only inherits the excellent luminescence of its monomeric counterparts, but also exhibits unique dual‐mode characteristics, including persistent TADF and UOP emission with a high quantum yield of 58 % and a lifetime of 362 ms. The precise cocrystal stacking distinctly reveals that intermolecular interactions lock the cocrystal formation and weaken the intermolecular π‐π interactions between NPYC4 and Py, thereby stabilizing the excited triplet excitons. Furthermore, the favorable energy level of NPYC4 acts as a bridge, reducing the energy gap between the S1 and T1 states for Py, therefore activating its red phosphorescence from Py. This research provides direct insights into achieving efficient red UOP through co‐crystallization.
Precisely Tuning Band Gaps of Hexabenzocoronene‐Based MOFs Toward Enhanced Photocatalysis
Authors: Zhang Hao , Li Cha , Lang Feifan , Li Mei , Liu Haoyu , Zhong Di‐Chang , Qin Jun‐Sheng , Di Zhengyi , Wang Dan‐Hong , Zeng Le , Pang Jiandong , Bu Xian‐He 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPrecise adjusting the band gaps in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is crucial for improving their visible‐light absorption capacity during photocatalysis, presenting both a formidable challenge and a charming opportunity. This present study employed a symmetry‐reduction strategy to pre‐design six novel 4‐connected ligands with systematic substituents (−NO2, ‐H, ‐tBu, ‐OCH3, ‐OH and ‐NH2) and synthesized the corresponding pillared‐layer Zr‐MOFs (NKM‐668) retaining the hexaphenylbenzene fragment. Subsequently, the NKM‐668 MOFs were transformed into large‐π‐conjugated hexabenzocoronene‐based MOFs (pNKM‐668) via the Scholl reaction. These twelve MOFs exhibited broad and tunable band gaps over 1.41 eV (ranging from 3.25 eV to 1.84 eV), and the photocatalytic CO2 conversion rate raised by 33.2‐fold. This study not only enriches the type of hexaphenylbenzene‐based MOFs, but also paves the way for nanographene‐containing MOFs in the further application of photocatalysis.
Synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticle incorporated copolymer composite membrane for polymer enhanced ultrafiltration of hexavalent chromium ions from water
Authors: Chowdhury Pramit Roy , Samanta Sharmistha , Ray Samit Kumar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRemoval of highly toxic chromium ions from water is of utmost necessity. The objective of the present work was to prepare a low‐cost ultrafiltration (UF) membrane for removal of Cr (VI) from water. UF membranes were prepared by phase inversion from the copolymers of acrylonitrile (AN) and partially neutralized acrylic acid (AA)/sodium acrylate (NaAA). Three such copolymers, CP15, CP10, and CP5 were prepared by emulsion polymerization with feed AN: AA/ NaAA molar ratios of 15:1, 10:1 and 5:1, respectively. Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) were incorporated in‐situ during the polymerization by chemical reduction of silver nitrate with ascorbic acid. CP5 and AgNP filled CP5AgNP UF membranes were prepared by varying the polymer concentration in dope solution (Cp), evaporation time (teva) and gelation temperatures (Tgel). Various characterizations confirmed the structure, morphology, presence of AgNP, flux decline and antifouling properties of the membranes. For polymer enhanced ultrafiltration (PEUF), CP5 and CP5AgNP membranes prepared with Cp/teva/Tgel of 13 wt%/90s/30°C with a molecular weight cut off (MWCO) of 7.4 kDa and 5.7 kDa, respectively, showed a pressure normalized flux/rejection of 184.64Lm−2 h−1 bar−1/88.8% and 177.77Lm−2 h−1 bar−1/91%, respectively from a feed containing 100 mg/L of Cr (VI) in the presence of 0.5 wt% PVA.
Metabolic Adaptations in Phosphine‐Resistant Tribolium castaneum Driven by Mitochondrial Enzyme Variability and Gene Expression
Authors: Deeksha Mudagadde G. , Nebapure Suresh M. , Dahuja Anil , Sagar Doddachowdappa , Bhattacharya Ramcharan , Subramanian Sabtharishi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPhosphine fumigation is essential for controlling storage pests like Tribolium castaneum, but its frequent application has resulted in resistance, primarily due to mutations in the Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) gene associated with the rph2 allele. This study demonstrates that the Patiala population exhibits homozygous resistance variations across populations, contrasting with the susceptibility observed in laboratory cultures. Our assessment of mitochondrial DLD and Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activities showed significantly elevated levels in the Patiala population, with increases of approximately sevenfold for DLD and 6.92‐fold for COX, indicating mitochondrial adaptations for enhanced energy production. Kinetic analyses of DLD in the resistant Patiala population showed a higher Vmax (0.005 mmol/min) and a significantly increased Km (16.66 mM), indicating variations in maximal enzyme activity and substrate affinity. Furthermore, resistant T. castaneum populations displayed substantial upregulation of DLD and COX gene expression, with DLD expression increasing by 10.53‐fold and COX expression peaking at 102.57‐fold in Patiala. Pearson correlation analysis indicated strong positive correlations (r > 0.8) between enzymatic activity and gene expression for both DLD and COX, suggesting a coordinated role in resistance mechanisms. The PCA biplot illustrated distribution patterns of enzymatic activity and gene expression among field‐resistant populations, highlighting the association between increased resistance and elevated enzymatic activity and gene expression levels. Therefore, the upregulation of DLD and COX activities in resistant populations underscores their critical roles in counteracting phosphine, reflecting metabolic reprogramming for improved energy production under stress.
Nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1) upregulated by n‐butylidenephthalide via the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway ameliorates drug‐induced gingival enlargement
Authors: Ueda Tomoya , Matsuda Shinji , Ninomiya Yurika , Nakashima Fuminori , Yasuda Keisuke , Furutama Daisuke , Memida Takumi , Yoshimoto Tetsuya , Kajiya Mikihito , Ohta Kouji , Ouhara Kazuhisa , Mizuno Noriyoshi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDrug‐induced gingival enlargement (DIGE) is a side effect of ciclosporin, calcium channel blockers, and phenytoin. DIGE is a serious disease that leads to masticatory and esthetic disorders, severe caries, and periodontitis but currently has no standard treatment. We recently reported that nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1) is a potential therapeutic target for DIGE. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of n‐butylidenephthalide (BP), which increases the expression of NR4A1, on DIGE. In this study, NR4A1 mRNA expression was analyzed in the patients with periodontal disease (PD) and DIGE. We evaluated the effect of BP on NR4A1 expression in gingival fibroblasts and in a DIGE mouse model. RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) was conducted to identify the mechanisms by which BP increases NR4A1 expression. The results showed that NR4A1 mRNA expression in the patients with DIGE was significantly lower than the patients with PD. BP suppressed the upregulation of COL1A1 expression, which was upregulated by TGF‐β. BP also ameliorated gingival overgrowth in DIGE mice and reduced Col1a1 and Pai1 expression. BP also decreased Il1β mRNA expression in gingival tissue in DIGE. RNA‐seq results showed an increase in the expression of several genes related to mitogen‐activated protein kinase including DUSP genes in gingival fibroblasts stimulated by BP. Treatment with ERK and JNK inhibitors suppressed the BP‐induced increase in NR4A1 expression. In addition, BP promoted the phosphorylation of ERK in gingival fibroblasts. In conclusion, BP increases NR4A1 expression in gingival fibroblasts through ERK and JNK signaling, demonstrating its potential as a preventive and therapeutic agent against DIGE.
Migraine Prevalence and Academic Impact on Medical Students at Alfaisal University
Authors: Szabó Anikó , Mahamud Golam , Ahsan Faridul 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundMigraine is highly prevalent among medical students but has been understudied in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to determine migraine prevalence, characteristics, academic impacts, and coping strategies in medical students.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted among 352 medical students. Migraine was identified using ID‐Migraine (38.8% prevalence) and International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition (ICHD‐3) criteria (36.8% prevalence). Analyses focused on the 130 students meeting ICHD‐3 criteria.ResultsThe mean monthly migraine frequency was 3.5 days. Average pain severity was moderate at 6.4/10. Mean duration was 9.3 h. Exams triggered migraines for 66% and increased headache frequency/severity for most students. Headaches limited productivity ≥1 day for 86% and caused missed exams and grade point average (GPA) declines. Rest (77.7%), trigger avoidance (57.7%), and medications (56.9%) were the most common coping strategies.ConclusionMigraine prevalence exceeded general population estimates, frequently disrupted academics, and was exacerbated by exam stressors. Support services and education on coping strategies tailored to academically triggered migraines could better equip students to manage headaches.
Night Eating Syndrome Among University Students in Bangladesh: Investigation of Prevalence and Associated Factors
Authors: Sahrin Sumaia , Banna Md. Hasan Al , Hamiduzzaman Mohammad , Gbordzoe Newton I. , Disu Tasnim Rahman , Akter Shammy , Mouly Humayra Alam , Hasan M. M. Mehedi , Brazendale Keith 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveNight eating syndrome (NES) has been associated with psychological issues and academic performance among university students in several countries, yet research on NES in Bangladesh remains limited. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to examine the prevalence and factors associated with NES among university students in the country.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 500 students from five public universities in Bangladesh. A validated 14‐item night eating questionnaire was used to assess NES as the outcome variable. Demographic factors, depressive symptoms measured via the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9), and internet addiction levels measured via Orman's Internet Addiction Survey (OIAS) were explored as predictor variables. A multiple binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify the correlation of NES and its associated factors, with results presented as adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and level of significance set at p values < 0.05.ResultsThe prevalence of NES among participants was 16.6% (mean age = 21.6 years, 53.6% male). Adjusted binary logistic regression revealed that male participants (AOR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.09–3.74, p = 0.024), smoking (AOR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.02–4.44, p = 0.044), depressive symptoms (AOR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.26–3.72, p = 0.005), and severe internet addiction (AOR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.28–5.62, p = 0.009) were significantly associated with increased odds of experiencing NES.ConclusionsThese findings underscore the need for heightened healthy eating awareness programs along with targeted mental health interventions with students attending Bangladeshi universities. Further research that explores longitudinal patterns of NES and the risk factors addressed in this study is warranted to better understand and inform the development of future interventions to benefit the Bangladeshi university student population.
Mechanistic model of minute virus of mice elution behavior in anion exchange chromatography purification
Authors: Kitamura Ryunosuke , Enghauser Lena , Miyamoto Riku , Ichikawa Takahiro , Aiso Takaki , Masuda Yumiko , Kajihara Daisuke , Kakihara Hirofumi , Nonaka Koichi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to propose a methodology for developing a mechanistic model for viral clearance of the minute virus of mice (MVM) on flow‐through anion exchange (AEX) chromatography. Protein surface analysis was applied to investigate the possibility of molecular interaction between the recombinant biotherapeutic and MVM. The protein product‐free Tris buffers were spiked with MVM, and the MVM elution profile from AEX chromatography was quantitatively analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for pooled fractions. GoSilico™ Chromatography Modeling Software was applied to develop the mechanistic models for MVM species. For evaluating the visual fit of the developed model, the R2 of intact MVM virions and uncoated capsids between the simulated and measured amount in each fraction are 0.880 and 0.948, respectively. Response surface plots of logarithmic reduction values (LRV) against pH and conductivity in loaded sample were generated to show the range for suitable loaded sample conditions for achieving a good LRV. To evaluate the applicability of the developed MVM elution model to a recombinant biotherapeutic, two demonstrations of AEX chromatography purification were performed with a loaded sample of a model monoclonal antibody. The peaks of the MVM species in the elution step of both runs were accurately simulated by the developed model. In addition, to assess the possibility of molecular interaction between the virus and the target protein significantly affecting the MVM elution behavior, the antibody's surface was evaluated in terms of hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity using surface analysis.
Development and validation of a hierarchical approach for lymphoma classification using immunohistochemical markers
Authors: Xu Jiming , Shi Yunfei , Cui Mengxuan , Wang Yao , Fan Wenhui , Yun Jingping , Li Linfeng , Cai Muyan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundAccurate lymphoma classification is critical for effective treatment and immunohistochemistry is a cost‐effective and time‐saving approach. Although several machine learning algorithms showed effective results, they focused on a specific task of classification but not the whole classification workflow, thus impractical to be applied in clinical settings. Thus, we aim to develop an effective and economic machine learning‐assisted system that can streamline the lymphoma differential diagnostic workflow using EBER in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical markers.MethodsWe included pathological reports diagnosed as lymphomas from two cancer centers (Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center and Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute). We proposed a hierarchical approach that mimicked the human diagnostic process and employed simplified panels of markers to perform a series of interpretable classification. The diagnostic accuracy for lymphoma pathological subtypes and the markers saving ratio were investigated in both temporal independent population and external medical center.ResultsA total of 14,927 patients and corresponding immunohistochemical results from two cancer centers were included. The proposed system had high discriminative ability for differentiating lymphoma pathological subtypes (measured by mean AUC in three validation cohorts, non‐Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphoma: 0.959; non‐Hodgkin subtypes: 0.983; B‐lymphoma subtypes: 0.868; T‐lymphoma subtypes: 0.962; DLBCL subtypes: 0.957). In addition, the system's well selected characteristics can contribute to the development of agreement on panels of markers for differential diagnosis and help minimize cost of immunohistochemical marker techniques (measured by marker saving ratio compared to real clinical settings, internal primary‐stage cohort: 16.45% saved, p < 0.001; internal later‐stage cohort: 21.73% saved, p < 0.001; external cohort: 3.67% saved, p < 0.001).ConclusionsMachine learning‐based hierarchical system using EBER in situ hybridization and IHC markers was developed, which could streamline the workflow by sequentially determining each lymphoma pathological subtype. The proposed system proved to be effective and cost‐saving in independent and external validation, thus could be adopted affordably in future clinical practice.
Predicting Disease Progression in Inoperable Localized NSCLC Patients Using ctDNA Machine Learning Model
Authors: Wu Yuqi , Li Canjun , Yang Yin , Zhang Tao , Wang Jianyang , Tang Wanxiangfu , Li Ningyou , Bao Hua , Wang Xin , Bi Nan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThere is an urgent clinical need to accurately predict the risk for disease progression in post‐treatment NSCLC patients, yet current ctDNA mutation profiling approaches are limited by low sensitivity. We represent a non‐invasive liquid biopsy assay utilizing cfDNA neomer profiling for predicting disease progression in 44 inoperable localized NSCLC patients.MethodsA total of 97 plasma samples were collected at various time points during or post‐treatments (TP1: 39, TP2: 33, TP3: 25). cfDNA neomer profiling, generated based on target sequencing data, was used to fit survival support vector machine models for each time point. Leave‐one‐out cross‐validation (LOOCV) was performed to evaluate the models' predictive performances.ResultsOur cfDNA neomer profiling assay showed excellent performance in detecting patients with a high risk for disease progression. At TP1, the high‐risk patients detected by our model showed an increased risk of 3.62 times (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.62, p = 0.0026) for disease progression, compared to 3.91 times (HR = 3.91, p = 0.0022) and 4.00 times (HR = 4.00, p = 0.019) for TP2 and TP3. These neomer profiling determined HRs were higher than the ctDNA mutation‐based results (HR = 2.08, p = 0.074; HR = 1.49, p&amp;#x02009;=&amp;#x02009;0.61) at TP1 and TP3. At TP1, the predictive model reached 40% sensitivity at 92.9% specificity, outperforming the mutation‐based method (40% sensitivity at 78.6% specificity), while the combination results reached a higher sensitivity (60%). Finally, the longitudinal analysis showed that the combination of neomer and ctDNA mutation‐based results could predict disease progression with an excellent sensitivity of 88.9% at 80% specificity.ConclusionIn conclusion, we developed a cfDNA neomer profiling assay for predicting disease progression in inoperable NSCLC patients. This assay showed increased predicting power during and post‐treatment compared to the ctDNA mutation‐based method, thus illustrating a great clinical potential to guide treatment decisions in inoperable NSCLC patients.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04014465