bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRevention Intervention and Support in Mental health for people with aphasia (Aphasia PRISM): protocol and mixed methods analysis plan for two feasibility studies
Authors: Baker C. , Rose M. L. , Wong D. , Ryan B. , Thomas S. , Cadilhac D. , Kneebone I. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
People with aphasia commonly experience depression and anxiety. The individual therapy program, Aphasia PRevention Intervention and Support in Mental health (Aphasia PRISM) offers low intensity psychotherapeutic interventions using communication supports. Trained stroke clinicians from disciplines other than psychology (e.g., allied health professional, nurse, doctor) can deliver such interventions. The aim of the planned studies is to test the acceptability, feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of Aphasia PRISM for preventing depression and anxiety and supporting wellbeing in people with aphasia after stroke.

Method
This protocol describes two feasibility studies of the Aphasia PRISM using parallel, convergent, mixed methods designs. Participants will be adults with aphasia after stroke from a metropolitan healthcare site (Study A, pre-post case series, approximate n = 6) and two regional/rural sites (Study B, randomised controlled trial, n = 30; random allocation to either: treatment arm Aphasia PRISM + usual care; or attention control of secondary stroke prevention information + usual care) in Victoria, Australia. Eligible participants will be offered 7 weekly intervention sessions (via telehealth or in person). Other participant groups include stroke clinicians / site managers and family members. Feasibility will be assessed with treatment acceptability ratings (primary outcome) and secondary outcomes such as recruitment rate and participant clinical response. Participant clinical responses to intervention will be collected pre-intervention (baseline), concurrently (4 week acceptability measure), immediately post (8 weeks), follow-up (3 months) and follow-up at 6 months (Study B only). Descriptive statistics will be used to analyse quantitative data based on the type and distribution of data. Reflexive thematic analysis, an inductive approach will be used to analyse qualitative data.

Discussion
Aphasia PRISM offers the potential for trained stroke clinicians to deliver low intensity psychotherapeutic interventions with communication supports to people with aphasia. Studies A and B were registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials registry under one registration (ACTRN12620000209998) 20th February 2020.
Black–Brown Coalitions in Local City Council Elections
Authors: Rocha Rene R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPrevious work suggests that African American and Latino voters lack political cohesiveness. Recently, these findings have been cited by opponents of “minority aggregation,” which is the idea that African Americans and Latinos can be thought of as constituting a single “class of citizens” when filing claims under the Voting Rights Act. I replicate one influential study, Rocha (2007), with updated data and greater attentiveness to moderating conditions that are meaningful in voting rights law. My findings suggest African Americans and Latinos are more cohesive than previously thought, especially in majority–minority jurisdictions. Furthermore, cohesion cannot be explained solely by shared partisanship.
A spolia ostotheke from Metropolis and Early Christian burial traditions
Authors: Arslan Burak , Meriç Zeynep A. , Aybek Serdar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article examines the different uses made of a marble ostotheke (ossuary) that was discovered in 2021 during archaeological excavations in and around the church in the Araplıtepe district, near the ancient city of Metropolis. Information about the chest’s original use as a funerary object and its production date and ownership is followed by a discussion of its recycled (spolia) use as a sedimentation tank on a water channel, and by an explanation of its third and final function. A bronze lamp discovered inside the ostotheke provides important clues about the object’s final use and its relationship with its surroundings. Christian burials in and around the church dating to as early as the fifth to sixth centuries AD also provide insights into these processes. This ostotheke, which served a variety of functions from the second to the seventh centuries AD, shows that objects made in Roman times might continue to be used in different ways for a long time thereafter. This article therefore examines the ostotheke as a reflection and extension of the changing needs of people and communities over time, rather than simply as a carved marble object.
The impact of COVID-19 status and vaccine type following the first dose on acute heart disease: A nationwide retrospective cohort study in South Korea
Authors: Yun Choa , Lee Yaeji , Heo Seok-Jae , Kim Namhui , Jung Inkyung 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Recent studies have suggested an increased incidence of myocarditis and pericarditis following mRNA vaccination or COVID-19. However, the potential interaction effect between vaccine type and COVID-19 on heart disease risk remains uncertain. Our study aimed to examine the impact of COVID-19 status and vaccine type following the first dose on acute heart disease in the Korean population, using data from the National Health Insurance Service COVID-19 database (October 2018–March 2022). We sought to provide insights for public health policies and clinical decisions pertaining to COVID-19 vaccination strategies. We analysed heart disease risk, including acute cardiac injury, acute myocarditis, acute pericarditis, cardiac arrest, and cardiac arrhythmia, in relation to vaccine type and COVID-19 within 21 days after the first vaccination date, employing Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying covariates. This study included 3,350,855 participants. The results revealed higher heart disease risk in individuals receiving mRNA vaccines than other types (adjusted HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.35–1.62). Individuals infected by SARS-CoV-2 also exhibited significantly higher heart disease risk than those uninfected (adjusted HR, 3.56; 95% CI, 1.15–11.04). We found no significant interaction effect between vaccine type and COVID-19 status on the risk of acute heart disease. Notably, however, younger individuals who received mRNA vaccines had a higher heart disease risk compared to older individuals. These results may suggest the need to consider alternative vaccine options for the younger population. Further research is needed to understand underlying mechanisms and guide vaccination strategies effectively.
Upscaling Land Surface Fluxes Through Hyper Resolution Remote Sensing in Space, Time, and the Spectrum
Authors: Ryu Youngryel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNumerous efforts to measure land surface fluxes, from leaf to canopy scales, have significantly advanced the field of biogeoscience. However, upscaling these estimates to larger spatial and temporal scales remains a challenge. Recent advancements in remote sensing provide new opportunities to bridge these gaps in upscaling efforts. In this review, I propose that emerging satellite data can support the robust upscaling of land surface fluxes in terms of space through constellations of low Earth orbit satellites, in time through geostationary satellites, and in spectrum via optical, thermal, and microwave satellites. Lastly, I recommend the development of a long‐term network integrating tower‐based hyperspectral, thermal, and microwave instruments to rigorously evaluate the upscaling process of land surface fluxes.
Anthropogenic Exacerbation in Dry‐Hot Probability and Consequential Record‐Shattering Droughts in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River
Authors: Feng Shuyun , Gu Xihui , Guan Yansong , Wang Quan J. , Zheng Yanhui , Wang Lunche , Zhang Xiang , Kong Dongdong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn the year 2019, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (MLRYR) experienced an unprecedented summer‐autumn drought (SAD) driven by dry‐hot conditions [high near‐surface air temperatures (T) and low precipitation (P)], causing substantial agricultural and economic losses. However, the inﬂuence of anthropogenic climate change (ACC) on these dry‐hot conditions and their impacts on SAD occurrences remains uncertain. Here, both observations and simulations show that an ACC‐driven T increase led to the greater likelihood of dry‐hot conditions from August to November 1901–2020 in MLRYR. Using the self‐calibrating Palmer drought index (scPDSI) to assess SAD severity, we find an increasing likelihood of SAD occurrence (from 33.3% in 1901–2000 to 85.7% in 2001–2020) in MLRYR associated with more frequent dry‐hot conditions. Under a business‐as‐usual scenario, future dry‐hot association is projected to be stronger, with exceptional dry‐hot conditions to increase by +10% per century. ACC‐induced increase in dry‐hot conditions would elevate the likelihood of SAD events like the 2019 event from 1.59% (1961–2020) to 17.82% (2041–2100). Therefore, effective measures are needed in MLRYR to adapt to increasing dry‐hot conditions and associated SAD occurrences under anthropogenic warming.
An Endogenic Origin for Titan's Rampart Craters: Assessment of Explosion Mechanisms
Authors: Brouwer G. E. , Schurmeier L. R. , Fagents S. A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRampart craters are a class of lakes or depressions in Titan's north polar region that have morphological attributes suggestive of an explosive origin. Two previous studies have proposed that rampart craters form via nitrogen or methane vapor explosions analogous to terrestrial maar explosions. We propose a new terrestrial analog for rampart craters: gas emission craters (GECs) found in permafrost zones. We evaluate the explosive origin of Titan's rampart craters by modeling the dispersal of material from an explosive vent. The dimensions of nine rampart craters with radar‐bright ramparts were used to model the explosion process. The model yields a range of explosion conditions (e.g., gas mass and reservoir depth) producing ejecta dispersal patterns matching the observed features. We find that gas masses of 1011–1014 kg are required to produce a rampart crater. We examine two explosion scenarios: (a) rapid, maar‐like vaporization and explosion of liquid nitrogen or methane, and (b) more gradual gas accumulation and explosion akin to a GEC driven by methane released from destabilizing clathrates. If Titan's crust is composed of pure water ice, the calculated gas pressures are consistent with a rapid, maar‐like explosion mechanism. If the subsurface is predominantly composed of organic materials or clathrate, either scenario may be plausible. Further research on the composition and tensile strength of Titan's subsurface are required to discriminate between hypotheses. Nevertheless, we conclude that explosive dispersal of ejecta from a vent can account for the morphologies of Titan's rampart craters and may contribute to atmospheric methane replenishment.
The Characteristics of Different Apparent Optical Property Parameters in Non‐Destructively Estimating Absorptive Substances Within Sea Ice: A Case Study in Liaodong Bay
Authors: Zhang Yu , Xu Zhantang , Yang Yuezhong , Liu Huizeng , Zhou Wen , Liu Cong , Yang Zeming , Li Cai 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAbsorptive substances (AS) embedded in sea ice can alter irradiance transmission, exerting a significant influence on oceanic biogeochemical processes. Their quantification is thus essential, and a regression model based on the normalized difference index of transmittance (T(λ)) has been widely used for retrieving ice algal biomass. However, the potentials of albedo (α(λ)) and the diffuse attenuation coefficient (Kd(λ)) in AS estimation have not been explored. To fill this gap, sea ice optical properties observed in Liaodong Bay in 2009, 2010, 2013, and 2022 were used to investigate the characteristics of α(λ), T(λ), and Kd(λ) in non‐destructively estimating As through sensitivity analyses based on the Hydrolight radiative transfer model. The effects derived from AS vertical distribution, scattering coefficient and ice thickness were studied specifically. Ultimately, a significant relationship between α(λ) and the total absorption coefficient of AS was derived (R2 = 0.79) for Liaodong Bay sea ice. Sensitivity analyses revealed that it could only retrieve AS in the upper 15–20 cm, which was influenced by variations in ice thickness and scattering coefficient. In contrast, T(λ) could retrieve AS throughout the ice column and is less affected by scattering variation; but it is significantly affected by the vertical distribution of AS in the upper layer. Kd(λ) has the best potential in AS estimation, but for sea ice thinner than 30 cm, the effect of variation in ice thickness could not be neglected, similar to T(λ). Knowledge of this is helpful for the future development of AS estimation.
The Cooling Effect of Oasis Reservoir‐Riparian Forest Systems in Arid Regions
Authors: Jiao Yinying , Zhu Guofeng , Lu Siyu , Ye Linlin , Qiu Dongdong , Meng Gaojia , Wang Qinqin , Li Rui , Chen Longhu , Wang Yuhao , Si Dehong , Li Wentong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn arid regions with limited water resources, numerous reservoirs have been built to support economic and social development. However, how the construction of reservoirs interacts with the surrounding ecosystem to affect temperature remains unclear. Spanning 2018 to 2022 in the Shiyang River Basin, we collected surface water and precipitation, as well as stem and soil samples. Using isotopic methods, we quantified how evaporation in the oasis reservoir‐riparian forest system affects the local climate. Our findings show that the latent heat released by evapotranspiration from the reservoir and riparian forest system reduces the daily maximum temperature and daily temperature range by 7°C and 6°C respectively, compared to downstream areas with sparse vegetation around artificial lakes. Additionally, it enhances local moisture recycling, increasing precipitation. This study reveals regional cooling effect due to interactions between water bodies, the atmosphere, and vegetation. We propose that establishing reservoir‐riparian forest systems can positively impact local climate regulation and serve as an effective strategy for adapting to global climate warming.
Non-surgical spinal cord infarction: case series & long-term follow-up of functional outcome
Authors: McBride Fionán , Anketell Jane , McDonnell Gavin V. , Maguire Suzanne , Doherty Karen M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Spinal cord infarction is a rare but often devastating disorder. The pathogenesis of most non-surgical cases involves atherothrombosis and treatment with anticoagulation and antiplatelet agents may be indicated. Functional recovery in most cases is poor. We describe five cases of spinal cord infarction and provide details on their functional outcomes after long-term (>10 years) follow-up.

Case presentation
A 28-year-old female presented at 16 weeks gestation with chest and back pain and paraesthesia in her fingers. Magnetic resonance imaging on admission revealed a spinal cord lesion extending from C5-T8. She was treated with anticoagulation and rehabilitation. Six years following presentation she was able to return to work. A 42-year-old male experiencing central chest pain and leg weakness was initially diagnosed as having acute coronary syndrome. Following discharge, he was re-admitted with urinary retention and leg weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a spinal cord lesion extending from T4 to T7. He was treated with anticoagulation, and eight months following presentation he regained full muscle strength but required intermittent self-catherisation. Three further cases are described.

Discussion
The aetiology of non-surgical spinal cord infarction is not always evident, but is commonly associated with atherothrombosis. There are often delays in making a diagnosis, but early recognition and prompt treatment of spinal cord infarction is essential. Long-term functional outcomes are often poor and typically reflect the severity of initial presentation. This case series is unique as it has one of the longest follow-up periods described in the literature.
Effects of separate and combined estradiol and progesterone administration on fear extinction in healthy pre-menopausal women
Authors: Kaczmarczyk Michael , Deuter Christian Eric , Deus Hanna , Kallidou Anna , Merz Christian J. , Hellmann-Regen Julian , Otte Christian , Wingenfeld Katja 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAltered fear conditioning and extinction learning are discussed as key etiological features in anxiety disorders. Women have an increased risk for anxiety disorders and fear conditioning has been shown to be influenced by the menstrual cycle phase and circulating gonadal hormones. The objective of our study was to investigate the effects of separate and combined estradiol and progesterone administration on fear extinction in healthy women. We conducted a placebo-controlled, randomized study in healthy women, who completed a fear conditioning paradigm on three consecutive days: fear acquisition training on day 1, fear extinction training on day 2, and return of fear test on day 3. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) served as main outcome variable. Two hours before testing on day 2, participants received pills containing either placebo, estradiol (2 mg), progesterone (400 mg) or the combination of both. We examined 116 women (mean age 25.7 ± 6.0 years), who showed significantly stronger conditioned SCRs to the CS+ than CS- during fear acquisition training indicating successful fear learning. At the beginning of the fear extinction training, estradiol administration reduced the differentiation between the conditioned stimuli. In the return of fear test, the estradiol groups showed heightened SCR responses to the previously extinguished stimulus, i.e., impaired extinction recall. Administration of progesterone did not have any significant influence on SCRs. There were also no effects on fear potentiated startle response. In our interpretation, exogenous estradiol administration affected the extinction of the conditioned fear response which led subsequently to a stronger return of fear. From a clinical perspective our findings suggest that estradiol levels may have an influence on the success of exposure therapy and could be taken into consideration when planning exposure sessions.
Sequence and structural determinants of RNAPII CTD phase-separation and phosphorylation by CDK7
Authors: Linhartova Katerina , Falginella Francesco Luca , Matl Martin , Sebesta Marek , Vácha Robert , Stefl Richard 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe intrinsically disordered carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII) consists of multiple tandem repeats of the consensus heptapeptide Y1-S2-P3-T4-S5-P6-S7. The CTD promotes liquid-liquid phase-separation (LLPS) of RNAPII in vivo. However, understanding the role of the conserved heptad residues in LLPS is hampered by the lack of direct biochemical characterization of the CTD. Here, we generated a systematic array of CTD variants to unravel the sequence-encoded molecular grammar underlying the LLPS of the human CTD. Using in vitro experiments and molecular dynamics simulations, we report that the aromaticity of tyrosine and cis-trans isomerization of prolines govern CTD phase-separation. The cis conformation of prolines and β-turns in the SPXX motif contribute to a more compact CTD ensemble, enhancing interactions among CTD residues. We further demonstrate that prolines and tyrosine in the CTD consensus sequence are required for phosphorylation by Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7). Under phase-separation conditions, CDK7 associates with the surface of the CTD droplets, drastically accelerating phosphorylation and promoting the release of hyperphosphorylated CTD from the droplets. Our results highlight the importance of conformationally restricted local structures within spacer regions, separating uniformly spaced tyrosine stickers of the CTD heptads, which are required for CTD phase-separation.
Short-term effects on physical activity level with web-based self-management support in people with COPD: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Stenlund Tobias , Karlsson Åsa , Liv Per , Nyberg André , Wadell Karin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate short-term effects of a web-based self-management support on objectively measured physical activity (PA) compared to usual care in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We conducted a pragmatic randomised controlled trial including people with stable COPD within primary healthcare. Participants were randomised to intervention group, IG (access to the COPD Web, an interactive website to support self-management with focus on PA), or to control group, CG (usual care). Primary outcome at 3 months was change in accelerometry-measured daily steps analysed with ANCOVA, and secondary outcomes were self-reported PA, disease-related symptoms, and quality of life. Missing data in intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses were multiply imputed. One hundred and forty-six participants (n = 73/group), mean (SD) age 69.5 (6.7) years, FEV1pred 60.7 (19.1)% were included. The ITT analysis showed no significant difference in steps between the groups: 1295 steps (95% CI: [−365, 2955], p = 0.12), while the complete case analysis (n = 98) revealed a significant difference of 1492 steps (95% CI: [374, 2609], p = 0.01) in favour of IG. A significant increase in self-reported PA was seen in IG in both the ITT and complete case analysis. In summary, access to the COPD Web was insufficient to increase short-term PA level compared to usual care. However, among participants with complete step data, a clinically relevant effect on daily steps exceeding the minimal important difference was observed, partly explained by higher baseline PA than among dropouts. This indicates that access to the COPD Web may increase PA levels for some people with COPD.