bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Mortality After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Pilgrim Thomas , Franzone Anna , Stortecky Stefan , Nietlispach Fabian , Haynes Alan G. , Tueller David , Toggweiler Stefan , Muller Oliver , Ferrari Enrico , Noble Stéphane , Maisano Francesco , Jeger Raban , Roffi Marco , Grünenfelder Jürg , Huber Christoph , Wenaweser Peter , Windecker Stephan 
Published: November 2017

Background—
The Transcatheter Valve Therapy (TVT) registry model was recently developed to predict the risk of in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. We sought to externally validate the model in an independent data set of consecutively enrolled patients in the Swiss Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation registry.

Methods and Results—

The original prediction model was retrospectively applied to 3491 consecutive patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement in Switzerland between February 2011 and February 2016. We examined model performance in terms of discrimination (Harrel C index) and calibration (Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test) for prediction of in-hospital and 30-day mortality and compared its predictive accuracy with the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk of Mortality score. Rates of in-hospital and 30-day mortality in the external validation cohort were 2.9% and 3.8%, respectively. The TVT registry model was found to have moderate discrimination (C index, 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.60–0.72 and C index, 0.67; 95% confidence interval, 0.62–0.72 for in-hospital and 30-day mortality, respectively) and good calibration. Compared with the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk of Mortality score, the TVT registry model demonstrated improved calibration for in-hospital (slope, 0.83;
P
=0.23 versus slope, 0.24;
P
<0.001, respectively) and 30-day (slope, 1.11;
P
=0.40 versus slope, 0.41;
P
<0.001, respectively) mortality.

Conclusions—
In a large, multicenter, non-US cohort of patients with transcatheter aortic valve replacement, the validation of the TVT registry model demonstrated moderate discrimination and good calibration for the prediction of in-hospital and 30-day mortality. As a result, the TVT registry model should be considered an alternative to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk of Mortality score for decision making and assessment of early outcome in patients eligible for transcatheter aortic valve replacement.
The ACRA Anatomy Study (Assessment of Disability After Coronary Procedures Using Radial Access)
Authors: van Leeuwen Maarten A.H. , Hollander Maurits R. , van der Heijden Dirk J. , van de Ven Peter M. , Opmeer Kim H.M. , Taverne Yannick J.H.J. , Ritt Marco J.P.F. , Kiemeneij Ferdinand , van Mieghem Nicolas M. , van Royen Niels 
Published: November 2017

Background—
The palmar arches serve as the most important conduits for digital blood supply, and incompleteness may lead to digital ischemia when the radial artery becomes obstructed after cardiac catheterization. The rate of palmar arch incompleteness and the clinical consequences after transradial access are currently unknown.

Methods and Results—

The vascular anatomy of the hand was documented by angiography in 234 patients undergoing transradial cardiac catheterization. In all patients, a preprocedural modified Allen test and Barbeau test were performed. Upper-extremity function was assessed at baseline and 2-year follow-up by the QuickDASH. Incompleteness of the superficial palmar arch (SPA) was present in 46%, the deep palmar arch was complete in all patients. Modified Allen test and Barbeau test results were associated with incompleteness of the SPA (
P
=0.001 and
P
=0.001). The modified Allen test had a 33% sensitivity and 86% specificity for SPA incompleteness with a cutoff value of >10 seconds and a 59% sensitivity and 60% specificity with a cutoff value of >5 seconds. The Barbeau test had a 7% sensitivity and 98% specificity for type D and a 21% sensitivity and 93% specificity for types C and D combined. Upper-extremity dysfunction was not associated with SPA incompleteness (
P
=0.77).

Conclusions—
Although incompleteness of the SPA is common, digital blood supply is always preserved by a complete deep palmar arch. Preprocedural patency tests have thus no added benefit to prevent ischemic complications of the hand. Finally, incompleteness of the SPA is not associated with a loss of upper-extremity function after transradial catheterization.
Persistent Long-Term Structural, Functional, and Metabolic Changes After Stress-Induced (Takotsubo) Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Scally Caroline , Rudd Amelia , Mezincescu Alice , Wilson Heather , Srivanasan Janaki , Horgan Graham , Broadhurst Paul , Newby David E. , Henning Anke , Dawson Dana K. 
Published: November 2017

Background:
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is an increasingly recognized acute heart failure syndrome precipitated by intense emotional stress. Although there is an apparent rapid and spontaneous recovery of left ventricular ejection fraction, the long-term clinical and functional consequences of takotsubo cardiomyopathy are ill-defined.

Methods:

In an observational case-control study, we recruited 37 patients with prior (>12-month) takotsubo cardiomyopathy, and 37 age-, sex-, and comorbidity-matched control subjects. Patients completed the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. All participants underwent detailed clinical phenotypic characterization, including serum biomarker analysis, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, echocardiography, and cardiac magnetic resonance including cardiac
31
P-spectroscopy.

Results:

Participants were predominantly middle-age (64±11 years) women (97%). Although takotsubo cardiomyopathy occurred 20 (range 13–39) months before the study, the majority (88%) of patients had persisting symptoms compatible with heart failure (median of 13 [range 0–76] in the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire) and cardiac limitation on exercise testing (reduced peak oxygen consumption, 24±1.3 versus 31±1.3 mL/kg/min,
P
<0.001; increased VE/V
co
2
slope, 31±1 versus 26±1,
P
=0.002). Despite normal left ventricular ejection fraction and serum biomarkers, patients with prior takotsubo cardiomyopathy had impaired cardiac deformation indices (reduced apical circumferential strain, −16±1.0 versus −23±1.5%,
P
<0.001; global longitudinal strain, −17±1 versus −20±1%,
P
=0.006), increased native T1 mapping values (1264±10 versus 1184±10 ms,
P
<0.001), and impaired cardiac energetic status (phosphocreatine/γ-adenosine triphosphate ratio, 1.3±0.1 versus 1.9±0.1,
P
<0.001).

Conclusions:
In contrast to previous perceptions, takotsubo cardiomyopathy has long-lasting clinical consequences, including demonstrable symptomatic and functional impairment associated with persistent subclinical cardiac dysfunction. Taken together our findings demonstrate that after takotsubo cardiomyopathy, patients develop a persistent, long-term heart failure phenotype.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02989454.
Structural Integrity of Normal Appearing White Matter and Sex-Specific Outcomes After Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Etherton Mark R. , Wu Ona , Cougo Pedro , Giese Anne-Katrin , Cloonan Lisa , Fitzpatrick Kaitlin M. , Kanakis Allison S. , Boulouis Gregoire , Karadeli Hasan H. , Lauer Arne , Rosand Jonathan , Furie Karen L. , Rost Natalia S. 
Published: November 2017

Background and Purpose—
Women have worse poststroke outcomes than men. We evaluated sex-specific clinical and neuroimaging characteristics of white matter in association with functional recovery after acute ischemic stroke.

Methods—
We performed a retrospective analysis of acute ischemic stroke patients with admission brain MRI and 3- to 6-month modified Rankin Scale score. White matter hyperintensity and acute infarct volume were quantified on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and diffusion tensor imaging MRI, respectively. Diffusivity anisotropy metrics were calculated in normal appearing white matter contralateral to the acute ischemia.

Results—

Among 319 patients with acute ischemic stroke, women were older (68.0 versus 62.7 years;
P
=0.004), had increased incidence of atrial fibrillation (21.4% versus 12.2%;
P
=0.04), and lower rate of tobacco use (21.1% versus 35.9%;
P
=0.03). There was no sex-specific difference in white matter hyperintensity volume, acute infarct volume, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, prestroke modified Rankin Scale score, or normal appearing white matter diffusivity anisotropy metrics. However, women were less likely to have an excellent outcome (modified Rankin Scale score <2: 49.6% versus 67.0%;
P
=0.005). In logistic regression analysis, female sex and the interaction of sex with fractional anisotropy, radial diffusivity, and axial diffusivity were independent predictors of functional outcome.

Conclusions—
Female sex is associated with decreased likelihood of excellent outcome after acute ischemic stroke. The correlation between markers of white matter integrity and functional outcomes in women, but not men, suggests a potential sex-specific mechanism.
Why Re-enactment is not Empathy, Once and for All
Authors: Retz Tyson 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The misconception still circulates that Collingwood’s doctrine of re-enactment is a concept of empathy. This claim typically arises from the belief that his philosophy of history shares affinities with the nineteenth-century tradition of Romantic hermeneutics. It supposes that re-enactment consists in a unidirectional recapturing of past mental contents, in which are said to reside the pristine meanings of past texts as intended by their authors. By emphasising the dialectical character of re-enactment, this article makes plain that re-enactment entails no such one-sided transferal. It is right to conceive of Collingwood hermeneutically, but not in the nineteenth-century, empathy-dependent tradition. Rather, as Gadamer illuminated in acknowledging the service that Collingwood’s theories provided in the development of his hermeneutics, Collingwood is better understood as proposing a Hegelian-style integration of past and present thought. He reacted against the individualising psychologism of the anti-Hegelian German historicists and emphasised instead the shared nature of language and thought. A proper account of the context that historical investigation ought to recover involves shifting attention from a methodologically inadequate epistemological conception of re-enactment and empathy to a metaphysical one concerned with exposing the foundations of discourse upon which past agents believed, thought and acted. The myth that re-enactment belongs to a discredited hermeneutics of recovery is set against Collingwood’s attempt to depsychologise historical thinking and within his project to reconcile history and philosophy, epistemology and metaphysics.
Salivary glutamate is elevated in individuals with chronic migraine
Authors: Nam Ji Hye , Lee Hun Seok , Kim Jiyoung , Kim Jinmi , Chu Min Kyung 
Published: November 2017

Background Glutamate has been implicated in migraine pathogenesis, and is elevated in the plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, and saliva in migraineurs. However, no comparison of glutamate levels among chronic migraine, episodic migraine and controls has been reported. The aim is to compare salivary glutamate levels of individuals with chronic migraine with those of individuals with episodic migraine and healthy controls. Methods We investigated salivary glutamate level of 46 women with chronic migraine, 50 women with episodic migraine, and 19 healthy controls via enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results The salivary glutamate level of the chronic migraine group (median and interquartile range, 20.47 [15.27–30.15] pmol/mg total protein) was significantly higher than those of the episodic migraine (16.17 [12.81–20.15] pmol/mg total protein, p = 0.008) and control (12.18 [9.40–16.24] pmol/mg total protein, p = 0.001) groups. The salivary glutamate level of the episodic migraine group was marginally elevated from that of the control group (post hoc p = 0.016). Thresholds of 16.58 and 17.94 pmol/mg total protein optimize the sensitivity and specificity to differentiate chronic migraine participants from healthy controls and episodic migraine participants, respectively. Conclusions Salivary glutamate level was elevated in chronic migraine participants. These data suggest that salivary glutamate level could be an indicator of CM
Elevated circulating endothelial-specific microRNAs in migraine patients: A pilot study
Authors: Cheng Chun-Yu , Chen Shih-Pin , Liao Yi-Chu , Fuh Jong-Ling , Wang Yen-Feng , Wang Shuu-Jiun 
Published: November 2017

Background Evidence of vascular dysfunction in migraine is increasing. MicroRNAs (miRs) have emerged as important regulators of vascular endothelial functions. This exploratory study investigated whether circulating levels of miRs associated with endothelial function are altered in migraine patients. Methods Thirty patients with migraine (20–50 years old) without overt vascular risk factors and 30 sex- and age-matched healthy controls participated. The levels of four miRs that regulate endothelial function (miR-155, miR-126, miR-21, and Let-7g) were quantified and expressed in terms of fold changes (2−ΔΔct) relative to mean levels in the control group. Associations of miRs levels with headache features and syncope comorbidity were explored. Results Compared to controls, migraine patients had upregulated expression of miR-155 (6.17-fold, p = 0.018), miR-126 (6.17-fold, p = 0.013), and let-7g (7.37-fold, p = 0.005). Levels of miR-155 (r = 0.375, p = 0.041) and miR-126 (r = 0.375, p = 0.041) were associated with syncope frequency in the past year in migraine patients. Migraine patients with aura have insignificant higher expression of miRs levels compared to those without. Conclusions In this pilot study, circulating levels of endothelial-specific miRs appear to be elevated in migraine patients and may be associated with syncope comorbidity.
Potential for Bias and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Scoring System
Authors: Macaulay Alec , Nandyala Sreeharsha V. , Miller Christopher P. , Ghorbanhoseini Mohammad , Walley Kempland C. , Kwon John Y. 
Published: November 2017

Background: The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Scoring System (AOFAS-AH) has not been validated and has significant risk for researcher bias, given that 40 out of 100 points are assessed by study staff subjectively. The purpose of this study is to evaluate its recent use in the orthopaedic literature to determine the percentage of previously published studies for which study conclusions would be changed if the AOFAS-AH scores were artificially altered, representing the effect of a systematic researcher bias. Materials and Methods: Articles from January 2012 and February 2015 in three orthopaedic journals were queried for use of the AOFAS-AH. Quantities of 4, 8, or 12 points were added to or subtracted from mean AOFAS-AH scores for each study while otherwise maintaining the reported standard deviation to simulate a researcher bias when scoring the subjective sections. Statistical analysis was performed with the adjusted AOFAS-AH mean scores in order to elucidate a potential “reversal” in statistical significance and conclusion. Results: A 1582 original research articles were published during this time period. 128 articles utilized the AOFAS-AH score. 30 articles (23.4%) reported the required statistical data to permit manipulation of AOFAS-AH scores. Nine of the 30 articles (30%) had a reversal following a manipulation of 12 or fewer points. Seven (5.5%) reported the blinding status of the researchers. Conclusion: The potential for bias is high with the AOFAS-AH and its continued is questionable. Researchers utilizing the AOFAS-AH should at a minimum appropriately blind study staff and consider pre-study clarification of subjective terminology. Levels of Evidence: Level IV
T2*-Mapping of Acetabular Cartilage in Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement at 3 Tesla: Comparative Analysis with Arthroscopic Findings
Authors: Hesper Tobias , Neugroda Christina , Schleich Christoph , Antoch Gerald , Hosalkar Harish , Krauspe Rüdiger , Zilkens Christoph , Bittersohl Bernd 
Published: November 2017

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of T2*-mapping for detecting acetabular cartilage damage in patients with symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Design A total of 29 patients (17 females, 12 males, mean age 35.6 ± 12.8 years, mean body mass index 25.1 ± 4.1 kg/m2, 16 right hips) with symptomatic FAI underwent T2* MRI and subsequent hip arthroscopy. T2* values were obtained by region of interest analysis in seven radially reformatted planes around the femoral neck (anterior, anterior-superior, superior-anterior, superior, superior-posterior, posterior-superior, posterior). Intraoperatively, a modified Outerbridge classification was used for assessment of the cartilage status in each region. T2* values and intraoperative data were compared, and sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive values (NPV) and positive predictive values (PPV) as well as the correlation between T2*-mapping and intraoperative findings, were determined. The mean time interval between MRI and arthroscopy was 65.7 ± 48.0 days. Results Significantly higher T2* values were noted in arthroscopically normal evaluated cartilage than in regions with cartilage degeneration (mean T2* 25.6 ± 4.7 ms vs. 19.9 ± 4.5 ms; P < 0.001). With the intraoperative findings as a reference, sensitivity, specificity, NPV and PPV were 83.5%, 67.7%, 78.4% and 74.4%, respectively. The correlation between T2*-mapping and intraoperative cartilage status was moderate (ρ = −0.557; P < 0.001). Conclusions T2*-mapping enabled analysis of acetabular cartilage with appropriate correlation with intraoperative findings and promising results for sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV in this cohort. Our results emphasize the value of T2*-mapping for the diagnosis of hip joint cartilage pathologies in symptomatic FAI.
Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate for Cartilage Defects of the Knee: From Bench to Bedside Evidence
Authors: Cotter Eric J. , Wang Kevin C. , Yanke Adam B. , Chubinskaya Susan 
Published: November 2017

Objective To critically evaluate the current basic science, translational, and clinical data regarding bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) in the setting of focal cartilage defects of the knee and describe clinical indications and future research questions surrounding the clinical utility of BMAC for treatment of these lesions. Design A literature search was performed using the PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE databases for studies in English (1980-2017) using keywords, including [“bone marrow aspirate” and “cartilage”], [“mesenchymal stem cells” and “cartilage”], and [“bone marrow aspirate” and “mesenchymal stem cells” and “orthopedics”]. A total of 1832 articles were reviewed by 2 independent authors and additional literature found through scanning references of cited articles. Results BMAC has demonstrated promising results in the clinical application for repair of chondral defects as an adjuvant procedure or as an independent management technique. A subcomponent of BMAC, bone marrow derived–mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the ability to differentiate into cells important for osteogenesis and chondrogenesis. Modulation of paracrine signaling is perhaps the most important function of BM-MSCs in this setting. In an effort to increase the cellular yield, authors have shown the ability to expand BM-MSCs in culture while maintaining phenotype. Conclusions Translational studies have demonstrated good clinical efficacy of BMAC both concomitant with cartilage restoration procedures, at defined time points after surgery, and as isolated injections. Early clinical data suggests BMAC may help stimulate a more robust hyaline cartilage repair tissue response. Numerous questions remain regarding BMAC usage, including cell source, cell expansion, optimal pathology, and injection timing and quantity.
Non-medical use of prescription drugs in the millennial generation: A public health concern
Authors: Perron Tracy , Clark Jane , Liberi Katie , Moran Jillian , Zanetti Rachel 
Published: November 2017

Non-medical use of prescription opioid drugs by the millennial generation has been an ongoing topic in modern literature. Recent increases in mortality and morbidity related to prescription drug abuse have indicated the need for increased research and allocation of resources. This article provides a review of current literature on non-medical use of prescription drug use within this population in the United States. Initial searches yielded over 100 results. After identifying the 11 most applicable studies, a more thorough evaluation was conducted. Each study was published within the last 5 years and contributed to the compilation of consistent themes and findings. Literature has focused on factors that predispose millennials to prescription opioid misuse, methods of obtainment, related health consequences, and the implications within communities and schools. Components include complementary findings and demonstrate the increasingly detrimental impact that non-medical use of prescription opioid drugs has on millennial and adolescent populations.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE ELEMENTOS CULTURAIS NA AQUISIÇÃO DE UMA EMPRESA FAMILIAR POR UM FUNDO DE PRIVATE EQUITY: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Atz Vinícius , Rese Natália 
Published: November 2017

As empresas familiares possuem destaque nas sociedades em que estão inseridas. Neste trabalho foram identificados os elementos culturais presentes na aquisição de uma empresa familiar do setor de transporte de cargas por um fundo de private equity. Foi utilizado como metodologia o estudo de caso; os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas realizadas a partir de questionário não-estruturado. Foram entrevistados quatro participantes do processo: dois funcionários da empresa não pertencentes à família, o fundador e o seu filho, sucessor e atual diretor financeiro. A base de análise para a cultura organizacional em empresas familiares foi o modelo proposto por Dyer (1988), que classifica a cultura das empresas familiares em Paternalista, Lassez-faire, Participativa e Profissional. Foi identificada a tentativa de transição da cultura paternalista para a cultura profissional após a entrada dos funcionários do fundo de private equity na empresa. Após 01 ano de tratativas a negociação foi desfeita. Foram identificadas diferenças na forma de visualização da negociação pelas duas empresas: enquanto os representantes do fundo de private equity focavam primordialmente nos aspectos financeiros e nas possibilidades de ganho com a empresa familiar, os representantes desta idealizaram outros aspectos não financeiros, como as dificuldades do compartilhamento de poder, as diferenças na forma de atendimento a clientes, as diferenças no relacionamento com funcionários, a manutenção de funcionários pertencentes a família e outros com longo tempo de casa.