bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LIFE: an integrated view of meta organizational process for vitality
Authors: Bishwas Sumant Kumar , . Sushil 
Published: June 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to develop an integrated framework for achieving high organization vitality by exploring the concept of vitality, identifying the effect of some of the important processes on vitality issue, and interrelationships of organization vitalization processes.Design/methodology/approach– This study is based on an integrated approach of exploratory and empirical research. The exploratory phase includes review of literature and secondary caselets study. Total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) method has been used for developing the conceptual framework that reflects the interrelationships between the identified processes; learning, innovation, flexibility, and entrepreneurship with organization vitality. The developed conceptual framework has been tested using empirical research. Regression analysis has been conducted on 78 sample to find the significance of the relationships among the discussed processes.Findings– In this study, initially, a conceptual framework has been developed using TISM. Further, the conceptual framework has been tested through empirical research. This framework can be used as a guiding tool for better implementation of the discussed processes and to achieve high organization vitality considering it in a holistic manner.Research limitations/implications– This study is limited up to development of a framework that can be further tested on specific industry using empirical data or conducting a detail case study. This study can be taken as a base for developing thinking on vitality and vitalization processes for further research.Practical implications– The paper highlights the organization vitality concept, integration issue of meta organizational processes, and how the vitality can be achieved by integrating the critical organizational processes. The outcome of this study may impact up to a significant extent by focussing in the right direction and developing some policy or providing direction, considering the results of this study toward achieving high organization vitality.Originality/value– The developed conceptual framework is a unique contribution in literature on the integration aspect of the processes that are critical for achieving high vitality. This paper explores organization vitality issue and process integration, and opens a gate for future research in this direction.
Motivation and the academic – where the drivers sit
Authors: Johnston Alan 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the key drivers for motivation within a small team of academics within a relatively small UK university.

Design/methodology/approach
– The research follows a combined interpretivist and ethnographic stance and using a mixed methods approach.

Findings
– The research identifies that fundamentally academics are driven by the desire for expertise and a search for meaning, while material reward and a need for power play a low significance in their forces. Also increase in managerialism has led to reductions in motivation.

Research limitations/implications
– The paper provides a limited focus due to the nature of being a small scale study.

Practical implications
– The paper considers the drivers which motivate academics. Managers and HR departments may consider approaches to managing and leading individuals to achieve improved organisational performance.

Originality/value
– The paper focuses on motivational drivers within the academy.
The mediating role of organizational identification in the relationship between qualitative job insecurity, OCB and job performance
Authors: Callea Antonino , Urbini Flavio , Chirumbolo Antonio 
Published: June 2016

Purpose– Employees need to feel secure to perform their job effectively, therefore job insecurity has an effect on organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB) and job performance; however, some organizational attitudes may reduce these negative effects. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediating role of organizational identification (OID), as a process underlying the relationship between qualitative job insecurity, OCB and job performance.Design/methodology/approach– Using social exchange theory (SET) and social identification theory (SIT), this study reports the responses of 201 white and blue collar Italian employees. Data were collected through a self-report questionnaire that used standard scales on qualitative job insecurity, OID, OCB and job performance.Findings– Results of structural equation modelling revealed that the effect of job insecurity on OCB and job performance was completely mediated by OID. Fit indices of mediated model are very good and indirect effects, by bootstrapping, are significant.Research limitations/implications– The research design was cross-sectional, and thus, cause-effect relationships cannot be discerned.Practical implications– Organizations may address HRM policies to reduce job insecurity (e.g. through actions to organizational communication), and to increase OID (e.g. involving workers to the decision-making process and promoting team work).Originality/value– For the first time in a Western context, OID was tested as mediator in order to explain the relationship between job insecurity, OCB and job performance. Furthermore, Drawing on SET, this study tried to integrate SIT to explain behavioural responses to job insecurity.
The importance of fostering alignment to ensure sustainable nation building
Authors: Khoury Grace C. , McNally Beverley 
Published: June 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to report on the findings of a study exploring the challenges confronting the provision of human resource development (HRD) in large Palestinian organizations.Design/methodology/approach– A mixed methods approach was used to gather the data. The quantitative data were analysed using statistical programme for social sciences. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis.Findings– The first challenge pertained to the need for large-scale investment in human capital while at the same time facing serious resource constraints. Additional challenges were; the operational nature of the HR function, the limited training and development expertise and the lack of alignment between educational institutions and employers’ needs.Research limitations/implications– This exploratory study provides recommendations for future explanatory research to contribute to the literature examining national human resource development (NHRD) in high-conflict societies.Practical implications– The findings have implications for both policy makers and the HRD profession. There are also implications for the prioritization of development funding.Social implications– There is an identified need for closer alignment between the country’s education system, the needs of the workplace and the HRD function in organizations. The overarching recommendation is that the HRD function be considered from a NHRD and human capital theory perspectives.Originality/value– This study is the first of its type to be conducted in Palestine. The findings highlight the importance of NHRD to the sustainable nation-building process in Palestine.
Balanced or unbalanced routines: the case of two routines dynamics in a French hospital
Authors: Habib Johanna , Krohmer Cathy 
Published: June 2016

Purpose– The performative approach views organizational routines as generative systems with internal aspects – ostensive and performative – and dynamics (Feldman and Pentland, 2003). The purpose of this paper is to better understand under which conditions the routine dynamics happens or not.Design/methodology/approach– To deal with this issue, for 13 months, the authors conducted a comparative and longitudinal case studies based on the evolution of the organizational routines in absence management in two departments of a French hospital.Findings– The results show contrasting dynamics in the studied organizational routines: one evolved, the other in contrast, seemed blocked. The authors suggest that the routine dynamics depends on the relative weight of its ostensive and performative aspects: a balance situation makes mutual adaptions possible and an imbalance situation leads to the conservation of defective routine. The research underlines also that, in the hospital context, the capacity of management and teams to discuss and to negotiate the implementation of external rules plays an important role in the balance of the internal dimensions of routine.Originality/value– While the literature on performative approach focusses on the “how and why” the routine act as a source of continuous change, this research investigates more in depth the working of the routines dynamics itself. The issue of balance or imbalance introduces a new element in the framework of routine dynamics and can constitute an interesting focus for managers looking to transform their organizational routines.
Detrimental effects of cynicism on organizational change
Authors: Aslam Usman , Ilyas Muhammad , Imran Muhammad Kashif , Rahman Ubaid- Ur- 
Published: June 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this research is to investigate the detrimental effects of cynicism on organizational change. It presents an interactive and novel theoretical research model based on organizational cynicism. The study aims to determine the causes of cynicism and suggests remedies for it so that change may be implemented with the consensus of all stakeholders.Design/methodology/approach– This is an associational study that aims to test the hypotheses of linear relationships among the variables used in the proposed model. Data have been collected from 417 employees, working for three public sector organizations, by using self-administrated questionnaires. The model proposed in this research has been tested by using regression analysis in Amos 22. The interactive effects have been examined by using Aguinis’s (2004) multiple moderated regression.Findings– The results reveal that dispositional resistance increases the intention of an employee to exhibit withdrawal behavior and that organizational contextual factors have statistically significant relationships with employees’ withdrawal behavior and their job satisfaction. Moreover, the results of interactive effects are partially significant.Practical implications– The Government of Pakistan, the managements of public sector organizations and workplace unions can resolve the issues of cynicism and job insecurity by involving employees in decision making and by building trust in change leaders. Employees’ participation and their trust in change leaders can decrease their intentions to exhibit withdrawal behavior and lessen the occurrences of organizational cynicism. In addition, trust in change leaders can raise job satisfaction, while job insecurity can decrease the job satisfaction levels of employees.Originality/value– This research presents and examines a unique multiple interactive model of organizational cynicism. Until recently, a scant number of studies particular to Asian culture, have investigated the detrimental and interactive effects of cynicism on organizational change.
Key steps and common pitfalls in developing and validating risk models
Authors: Wynants L , Collins GS , Van Calster B 
Published: June 2016

Models for estimating an individual's risk of having or developing a disease are abundant in the medical literature, yet many do not meet the methodological standards that have been set to maximise generalisability and utility. This paper presents an overview of ten steps from the conception of the study to the implementation of the risk model and discusses common pitfalls. We discuss crucial aspects of study design, data collection, model development and performance evaluation, and discuss how to bring the model to clinical practice.Tweetable abstractWe present an overview of ten key steps for the development of risk models and discuss common pitfalls.
Forensic Analysis Reveals Acute Decompensation of Chronic Heart Failure in a 3500‐Year‐Old Egyptian Dignitary
Authors: Bianucci Raffaella , Loynes Robert D. , Sutherland M. Linda , Lallo Rudy , Kay Gemma L. , Froesch Philippe , Pallen Mark J. , Charlier Philippe , Nerlich Andreas G. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractNaturally preserved and embalmed bodies from archeological contexts represent a powerful source of information for forensic investigators. They allow one to ascertain pathology, cause of death, to enhance diagnostic methodology, and to improve the analysis of altered remains. We investigated the complete head and lung remnants of a 3,500‐year‐old Egyptian dignitary by radiological, microscopic, and genetic approaches. The individual, a middle‐aged male, suffered from severe periodontitis, mild atherosclerosis, and experienced cardiogenic pulmonary insufficiency with recurrent mini‐bleeds and pulmonary edema. Histology and ancient DNA analyses excluded the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis or of any other pathogenic species. Based on our collection of evidence, we propose that acute decompensation complicating chronic cardiac insufficiency was the likely cause of death. The underlying causes for this failure remain unknown although chronic hypertension appears to be the most likely candidate. Our finding represents the earliest reported case of chronic heart failure in ancient mummies.
Sex‐related Differences in Emergency Department Renal Colic Management: Females Have Fewer Computed Tomography Scans but Similar Outcomes
Authors: Innes Grant D. , Scheuermeyer Frank X. , Law Michael R. , McRae Andrew D. , Weber Bryce A. , Boyda Heidi N. , Lonergan Kevin , Andruchow James E. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundSex‐related differences occur in many areas of medicine. Emergency department (ED) studies have suggested differences in access to care, diagnostic imaging use, pain management, and intervention. We investigated sex‐based differences in the care and outcomes for ED patients with acute renal colic.MethodsThis was a multicenter population‐based retrospective observational cohort study using administrative data and supplemented by structured chart review. All patients seen in Calgary Health Region EDs between January 1 and December 31, 2014, with an ED diagnosis of renal colic based on the following ICD‐10 codes were eligible for inclusion: calculus of kidney (N200), calculus of ureter (N201), calculus of kidney with calculus of ureter (N202), hydronephrosis with renal and ureteral calculous obstruction (N132), unspecified renal colic (N23), and unspecified urinary calculus (N209). ED visit data and test results were accessed in the regional ED clinical database. Stone characteristics were captured from diagnostic imaging reports. Regional hospital databases were used to identify subsequent ED encounters, hospital admissions, and surgical procedures within 60 days. Outcomes were stratified by sex. The primary outcome, intended as a marker of overall effectiveness of ED care, was the unscheduled 7‐day ED revisit rate among patients who were discharged home after their index ED visit. Secondary outcomes included ED pain management as reflected by administration of narcotics or intravenous nonsteroidals, the performance of advanced imaging—either ultrasound (US) or computed tomography (CT), and the proportion of patients who required hospitalization or surgical intervention within 60 days.ResultsFrom January 1 to December 31, 2014, a total of 3,104 eligible patients were studied: 1,111 women (35.8%) and 1,993 men (64.2%). Baseline characteristics, access times, analgesic use, and admission rates were similar in both groups. Men were more likely to have CT (68.9% vs. 58.5%, difference = 10.4%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.8 to 14.0) while women were more likely to have US (20.8% vs. 9.6%, difference = 11.2%, 95% CI = 8.4 to 13.9). At 7 days, 17.9% of women and 19.0% of men who were discharged after their index ED visit required an ED revisit (difference = 1.1%, 95% CI = −2.8 to 4.9). Men were more likely to be hospitalized at 7 days (9.8% vs. 6.5%, difference = 3.3%, 95% CI = 0.6 to 6.0).ConclusionThis study shows greater reliance on US in females but no other sex‐specific differences in the management of ED patients with acute renal colic. Higher CT use in men was not associated with improved outcomes, and we found no important differences in access to care, diagnostic or treatment intensity, or revisit rates as a marker of care effectiveness.
Transient acantholytic dyskeratosis (Grover's disease) after bone marrow transplantation
Authors: Lim Penny Poh Lu , Fernandez Penas Pablo , Gottlieb David 
Published: June 2016

AbstractCutaneous eruptions in recipients of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) are frequent, and common aetiologies include graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD), drug reactions, viral infections and engraftment syndrome. Transient acantholytic dermatosis or Grover's disease has been described in oncology patients and it is rarely reported after AHSCT. However, this benign and self‐limiting condition should be histologically distinguished from other, more serious entities, mainly stage IV GVHD, in order to avoid inappropriate treatment with corticosteroids and intensive immunosuppression.
Simulated Bench Testing to Evaluate the Mechanical Performance of New Carotid Stents
Authors: Kumar Gideon Praveen , Kabinejadian Foad , Liu Jianfei , Ho Pei , Leo Hwa Liang , Cui Fangsen 
Published: June 2016

AbstractOur group recently developed a novel covered carotid stent that can prevent emboli while preserving the external carotid artery (ECA) branch blood flow. However, our recent in vitro side‐branch ECA flow preservation tests on the covered stents revealed the need for further stent frame design improvements, including the consideration to crimp the stent to a low profile for the delivery of the stent system and having bigger cells. Hence, the current work aims to design new bare metal stents with bigger cell size to improve the crimpability and to accommodate more slits so that the side‐branch flow could be further increased. Three new stent designs were analyzed using finite element analysis and benchmarked against two commercially available carotid stents in terms of their mechanical performances such as crimpability, radial strength, and flexibility. Results indicated that the new bare metal stent designs matched well against the commercial stents. Hence our new generation covered stents based on these designs can be expected to perform better in side‐branch flow preservation without compromising on their mechanical performances.
Health term‐born girls had higher levels of urine neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin than boys during the first postnatal days
Authors: Kamianowska Monika , Wasilewska Anna , Szczepański Marek , Kulikowska Elżbieta , Bebko Barbara , Koput Alicja 
Published: June 2016

AbstractNeutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL) is one of the most extensively examined biological markers for early prediction of acute kidney injury, but there is a lack of data on normal NGAL values in healthy term‐born infants. This encouraged us to established serum and urine levels using samples collected from 38 girls and 50 boys, born at a median age of 39 weeks, during the first 48 hours after birth.ConclusionOur findings showed that urine NGAL, but not serum levels, were significantly higher in girls than in boys.
Increased hydrogen peroxide impairs angiotensin II contractions of afferent arterioles in mice after renal ischaemia–reperfusion injury
Authors: Huang Q. , Wang Q. , Zhang S. , Jiang S. , Zhao L. , Yu L. , Hultström M. , Patzak A. , Li L. , Wilcox C. S. , Lai E. Y. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAimRenal ischaemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) increases angiotensin II (Ang II) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are potent modulators of vascular function. However, the roles of individual ROS and their interaction with Ang II are not clear. Here we tested the hypothesis that IRI modulates renal afferent arteriolar responses to Ang II via increasing superoxide () or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).MethodsRenal afferent arterioles were isolated and perfused from C57BL/6 mice 24 h after IRI or sham surgery. Responses to Ang II or noradrenaline were assessed by measuring arteriolar diameter. Production of H2O2 and was assessed in afferent arterioles and renal cortex. Activity of SOD and catalase, and mRNA expressions of Ang II receptors were assessed in pre‐glomerular arterioles and renal cortex.ResultsAfferent arterioles from mice after IRI had a reduced maximal contraction to Ang II (−27±2 vs. −42±1%, P < 0.001), but retained a normal contraction to noradrenaline. Arterioles after IRI had a 38% increase in H2O2 (P < 0.001) and a 45% decrease in catalase activity (P < 0.01). Contractions were reduced in normal arterioles after incubation with H2O2 (−22±2 vs. −42±1%, P < 0.05) similar to the effects of IRI. However, the impaired contractions were normalized by incubation with PEG catalase despite a reduced AT1R expression.ConclusionsRenal IRI in mice selectively impairs afferent arteriolar responses to Ang II because of H2O2 accumulation that is caused by a reduced catalase activity. This could serve to buffer the effect of Ang II after IRI and may be a protective mechanism.
Neuroticism and maladaptive coping in patients with functional somatic syndromes
Authors: Frølund Pedersen Heidi , Frostholm Lisbeth , Søndergaard Jensen Jens , Ørnbøl Eva , Schröder Andreas 
Published: June 2016

ObjectivesThe cognitive‐behavioural model of functional somatic syndromes (FSS) proposes a multifactorial aetiology consisting of predisposing, precipitating and perpetuating factors. In this study, we sought to investigate three questions that can be drawn from this model: (1) Do patients with FSS show high levels of neuroticism? (2) Does neuroticism affect physical health and social functioning, either directly or indirectly through maladaptive coping? (3) Does more adaptive coping mediate the effect of cognitive‐behavioural therapy (CBT) on outcome?DesignSecondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) using additional data.MethodWe used yet unpublished data on neuroticism (measured with Temperament and Character Inventory, Revised) and coping (measured with Coping Strategies Questionnaire) together with already reported outcomes (physical health and social functioning measured with SF‐36) from an RCT comparing group CBT with enhanced usual care in 120 patients with a range of FSS. Neuroticism was measured at referral, while coping and outcomes were measured at referral, baseline, 4 and 16 months after randomization. Our hypotheses were explored through a series of cross‐sectional (linear regression and structural equation models) and longitudinal (mediation) analyses.ResultsPatients with FSS showed higher levels of neuroticism than two healthy comparison groups. At referral, symptom catastrophizing partly mediated the negative association between neuroticism and outcome. Reduction in symptom catastrophizing during group CBT partially mediated its long‐term effect.ConclusionsThe results give support to a generic cognitive‐behavioural model of FSS. Targeting symptom catastrophizing may be an essential component in CBT for patients with FSS, regardless of their specific diagnosis.
Statement of contribution

What is already known on this subject?

Previous studies have found support for single components of the cognitive‐behavioural model such as dysfunctional illness beliefs or avoidant coping. Most studies have investigated single functional somatic syndromes (FSS) such as fibromyalgia or irritable bowel syndrome.

What does this study add?

Predisposing neuroticism was linked to poor physical health through symptom catastrophizing across a range of FSS.

Reduced symptom catastrophizing during group cognitive‐behavioural therapy partially mediated its long‐term effect.

Addressing symptom catastrophizing may be a key element of the management of patients with FSS.