bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Rapid Rule-out of Acute Myocardial Infarction Using a High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I Assay at Presentation
Authors: Greenslade Jaimi , Cho Elizabeth , Van Hise Christopher , Hawkins Tracey , Parsonage William , Ungerer Jacobus , Tate Jillian , Pretorius Carel , Than Martin , Cullen Louise 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDLow concentrations of cardiac troponin (cTn) have been recommended for rapid rule-out of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We examined the Beckman Coulter Access high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) assay to identify a single test threshold that can safely rule out AMI.METHODSThis analysis used stored samples collected in 2 prospective observational studies. In all, 1871 patients presenting to a tertiary emergency department with symptoms of acute coronary syndrome had blood taken for measurement of cTnI on presentation. The endpoint was type 1 myocardial infarction (T1MI). Sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for hs-cTnI values below the 99th percentile.RESULTSNinety-eight patients had T1MI (5.2%), and 638 (34.1%) patients had an hs-cTnI &lt;2 ng/L (limit of detection), with sensitivity of 99.0% (95% CI, 94.4%–100%) and NPV of 99.8% (95% CI, 99.1%–100%). No hs-cTnI value above a concentration of 2 ng/L achieved sensitivity of 99%. However, an NPV of 99.5% was achieved at values &lt;6 ng/L. A cutoff &lt;6 ng/L enabled 1475 (78.8%) patients to be ruled out on presentation with sensitivity of 93.9% (95% CI, 87.1%–97.7%).CONCLUSIONSA single baseline cTn &lt;2 ng/L measured with the Access hs-cTnI assay performed well for rule-out of AMI. This cutoff concentration identified 99% of patients with AMI and could reduce the number of patients requiring lengthy assessment. A cutoff of &lt;6 ng/L yielded a high NPV but missed more cases of AMI than would be acceptable to clinicians.
Properties and Characterizations of Convex Functions on Time Scales
Authors: Lara Teodoro , Merentes Nelson , Rosales Edgar , Tineo Ambrosio 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In this research we deal with algebraic properties and characterizations of convex functions in the context of a time scale; this notion of convexity has been studied for some other authors but the setting of properties are establish here. Moreover, characterizations, a separation theorem and an inequality of Jensen type for this class of functions are shown as well.
The Space of Real Places on R(x,y)
Authors: Brown Ron , Merzel Jonathan L. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The space M(ℝ (x; y)) of real places on ℝ (x; y) is shown to be path-connected. The possible value groups of these real places are determined and for each one it is shown that the set of real places with that value group is dense in the space. Large collections of subspaces of the space M(ℝ (x; y)) are constructed such that any two members of such a collection are homeomorphic. A key tool is a homeomorphism between the space of real places on ℝ((x))(y) and a certain space of sequences related to the “signatures” of [2], which themselves are shown here to be related to the “strict systems of polynomial extensions” of [3].
Effects of Humic Acids on Recovery of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis
Authors: Maguey-Gonzalez Jesus A. , Michel Matias A. , Baxter Mikayla F.A. , Solis-Cruz Bruno , Hernandez-Patlan Daniel , Merino-Guzman Ruben , Hernandez-Velasco Xochitl , Latorre Juan D. , Hargis Billy M. , Tellez Guillermo , Gomez-Rosales Sergio 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of humic acids (HA) on recovery of Salmonella Enteritidis, in an in vitro digestive system and on intestinal colonization in neonate broiler chickens. In experiment 1, two runs using an in vitro digestion model with two sources of HA (commercial or natural extraction) at 0.1 or 0.2%, and inoculated with 107 CFU/tube of S. Enteritidis, were carried out. In experiment 2, one-day-old male broiler chickens were randomly allocated to one of two groups (n=25) with or without 0.2% of isolated HA from worm compost, and challenged with 106 CFU of S. Enteritidis per chicken at 10-d old. All chicks were euthanized 24-h post challenge, and were subjected to serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) determination. A section of ileum was removed to obtain total concentration of IgA. Ceca-cecal tonsils were removed to evaluate Salmonella recovery, total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and total Gram negative bacteria. In experiment 1, neither concentration of commercial nor natural HA were able to reduce the recovery of S. Enteritidis in any of the simulated compartments (P>0.05). Only the crop compartment showed significant differences in pH in both trials between control and treated groups. In experiment 2, no significant differences were observed in serum concentration of FITC-d, intestinal IgA, S. Enteritidis recovery, LAB or total Gram negative bacteria in the ceca between control and treated chickens. In conclusion, no effects of HA on recovery of Salmonella Enteritidis, in an in vitro digestive system and on intestinal colonization of Salmonella, bacterial counts in ceca, intestinal IgA and serum FITC-d in neonate broiler chickens were observed. Further studies to evaluate the effect of HA under feed restriction model as an inducer of intestinal inflammation are currently being conducted.
Physicochemical Parameters of Selected Internal Organs of Fattening Pigs and Wild Boars
Authors: Babicz Marek , Kropiwiec-Domańska Kinga , Szyndler-Nędza Magdalena , Grzebalska Agnieszka M. , Łuszczewska-Sierakowska Iwona , Wawrzyniak Agata , Hałabis Marcin 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The objective of the study was to analyse selected physical properties and chemical indicators of internal organs obtained from fattening pigs and Central European wild boars (Sus scrofa scrofa). Each group consisted of 12 animals. The tongue, heart, lungs, liver and kidneys were examined for physical properties, basic chemical composition, macro- and micromineral content, and fatty acid profile. The atherogenic index (AI) and the thrombogenic index (TI) were also determined. Pig offal was found to be a rich source of protein and collagen, and to contain large amounts of potassium and sodium. Liver had a high content of iron, zinc, and manganese. Pig liver and wild boar heart were characterised by favourable PUFA /SFA ratios (above 0.4%). In addition, the content of neutral and hypocholesterolemic acids (DFA ) and hypercholesterolemic acids (OFA ) in pig offal was comparable to that in pig meat. The results presented in this study provide an extensive evaluation of the nutritional quality of pig offal, which allows an increase in the scope of its use in the food industry, among others for production of offal products, including traditional and regional products that are increasingly demanded by consumers.
Inclusion of Red Osier Dogwood in High-Forage and High-Grain Diets Affected in Vitro Rumen Fermentation
Authors: Wei Lingyun Y. , Jiao Peixin X. , Alexander Trevor W. , Yang Wen Zhu 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Red osier dogwood (ROD) is an abundant shrub plant in Canada and other places in the world. It is rich in antioxidants such as quercetin, gallic acid and tyrosol. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of substituting barley silage with ROD in high-forage (HF) or high-grain (HG) diets on gas production (GP), dry matter (DM) disappearance (DMD) and fermentation characteristics in ruminal batch cultures. The study was a randomized design with 2 media pH (5.8 vs. 6.5) × 4 doses of ROD. An additional treatment of monensin and tylosin was added as a positive control for each pH level. The basic diet consisted of 60% barley silage and 40% barley grain for HF or 15% silage and 85% grain for HG diet. The barley silage was partly replaced with ROD at 0, 3, 6 or 12% in both diets (DM basis). Each diet was incubated for 24 h in culture bottles with three replicates for each treatment combination, and three runs on different days. The GP and DMD were greater (P<0.01) with media pH 6.5 vs. pH 5.8. The DMD linearly (P<0.01) decreased at pH 5.8 with increasing levels of ROD. Increasing ROD levels also linearly (P<0.01) decreased total VFA concentration and the proportion of propionate, and increased (P<0.01) the acetate to propionate ratio (A:P) at pH 5.8. Compared to the antibiotic treatment, the inclusion of ROD resulted in lower (P<0.02) DMD at pH 5.8, and a greater (P<0.01) proportion of acetate but a lower (P<0.01) proportion of propionate. These results indicated that the DMD of diets and the fermentation pattern were adversely affected by ROD at pH 5.8. However, the increased A:P along with the decreased DMD at pH 5.8, suggested a lower impact on fibre digestion than on starch digestion by ROD. Feeding ROD may therefore potentially reduce the incidence of rumen acidosis resulting from feeding HG diets to ruminants by decreasing starch digestion in the rumen.
The Use of Castor Meal, a by-Product of the Biodiesel Industry, in a Beef Production System in Tropical Pastures
Authors: Matos Luis Henrique Almeida de , Carvalho Gleidson Giordano Pinto de , Silva Robério Rodrigues , Leite Laudí Cunha , Santos Stefanie Alvarenga , Conceição Cinara Peixoto , Santos Lenon Machado , Azevêdo José Augusto Gomes de , Santos Aracele Vieira , Pina Douglas dos Santos , Novais Daiane Lago , Rufino Luana Marta de Almeida 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of castor meal, a by-product of the biodiesel industry, on growth performance and feeding behavior of heifers in a pasture production system in Northeast Brazil. Forty Holstein × Zebu crossbred heifers with an initial body weight of 257±26 kg were kept on a Brachiaria decumbens pasture under continuous grazing. The experiment lasted 140 days and was conducted in a completly randomized design with five levels of replacement of soybean meal with castor meal (0, 200, 500, 750, and 1000 g/kg of dry matter) in the supplements. Intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, performance, and carcass characteristics were evaluated. The total intakes of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), organic matter (OM), ether extract, and total digestible nutrients (TDN) decreased as the castor meal levels were increased. The digestibility coefficients of DM, CP, OM, and TDN decreased as the levels of castor meal in the supplement were increased. The castor meal levels in the supplement did not affect final body weight, average daily gain, feed conversion, hot carcass weight, or carcass dressing of the heifers. The use of supplements containing up to 1000 g/kg DM castor meal replacing soybean meal reduced the DM intake but did not change the average daily gain and feed efficiency of the heifers. Thus, the use of castor meal is a recommendable strategy to reduce production costs in a beef cattle grazing system.
Identification and Changes in the Seasonal Concentrations of Proteins Regulating the Biological Functions of Spermatozoa and Participating in Their Cytoskeleton Organization in Roe Deer (Capreolus Capreolus) Epididymides
Authors: Majewska Anna M. , Lecewicz Marek , Kordan Władysław , Wysocki Paweł 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In the case of animals characterized by a strongly marked seasonality of reproduction, extremely significant seem to be periodical fluctuations in the concentration of proteinaceous substances identified in tissues and fluids of epididymides, which take part in the maturation process of sperm cells. The aim of the present study was to compare the seasonal expression of identified proteins present in various regions of the mature roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) epididymides, which are regulating the biological functions of spermatozoa and participating in their cytoskeleton organization during the sperm maturation process. Epididymal tissue homogenates and epididymal fluids were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) to reveal 31 polypeptides with different biochemical functions. Moreover, among the identified polypeptides, twelve of them were similar to: alpha-enolase isoform 3; endoplasmic reticulum resident protein 29; calreticulin, calponin-1 isoform X1; transgelin; vimentin; tubulin; desmin; tropomyosin; actin; alpha-1 antitrypsin isoform X1 and 14-3-3 protein epsilon. Concentrations of the analyzed polypeptides, expressed in optical density units (ODU), differed significantly (P≤0.05) across the examined periods of the reproductive season. The highest ODU values of almost all analyzed proteins were observed during the rutting period. This variation in the identified proteins in the epididymal tissues and fluids of roe deer throughout the reproductive season could be indicative of their important roles in sperm maturation within the epididymis.
Niẓām al-Dīn Yaḥyā al-Ṭayyārī – An Artist in the Court of the Ilkhans and Mamluks
Authors: Amir Or 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Reading through the sources written in the Mamluk Sultanate (1250–1517), one receives the impression that the political borders between the Mamluk and Ilkhanid realms were just that – in no ways cultural or even serious physical barriers. This paper will demonstrate this by focusing on the biography of Niẓām al-Dīn Yaḥyā al-Ṭayyārī (685–760/1286/7–1358/9~). His father served under the Ilkhans as a physician and scribe, while Niẓām al-Dīn grew up into the Ilkhanid elite and became a prolific calligrapher, scribe and musician in his own right, being especially close to the Sultan Abū Sa‘īd and his vizier, Ghiyāth al-Dīn Muḥammad. After the death of Abū Sa‘īd and the subsequent disintegration of the Ilkhanate, Niẓām al-Dīn made his way to the Mamluk Sultanate, where his artistic talents were very much appreciated, representing the glorious artistic tradition of the east. Despite his seemingly smooth reception in the ruling circles of the Mamluk Sultanate, Niẓām al-Dīn seems to have remained attached to his homeland, and to the lavish properties which he left behind him. He subsequently returned to Baghdad, where he was immediately reinstated to his former duties. Following and analyzing the career of Niẓām al-Dīn can grant insights into court culture of the Muslim world of his age, where similarities in taste and bureaucratic traditions probably outweighed the differences. We also learn about mobility, cultural exchange and artistic sensibilities between the two competing courts.
Türaqai Güregen (d. 1296–7) and His Lineage: History of a Cross-Asia Journey
Authors: Landa Ishayahu 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The history of the Mongol conquests in Eurasia was not least the history of the numerous migrations of masses of people across the continent. This essay discusses one specific case study, namely that of the Mongol commander and Chinggisid imperial son-in-law Türaqai of the Oyirad tribe and his lineage throughout the thirteenth century. He himself was probably born in Iran or Iraq. His family, however, came from Mongolia to Iran during the Mongol conquests. The article discusses Türaqai’s life, in particular his (and his army’s) flight from the Ilkhanate to the Mamlūk Sultanate in 1296. He also made an unsuccessful attempt to become part of the Mamlūk military, which costed him and his close supporters their lives. Looking through the lenses of this biographical narrative, the essay presents a broader picture of the military nomadic migrations in Chinggisid Eurasia and their mechanisms. The essay also pays special attention to the position of the Chinggisid sons-in-law, who held a highly respected status in the Mongol political architecture. Additionally, it highlights some main issues related to the migration of the nomadic tribes and their resettlement in the newly conquered areas under the Mongol rule, such as assimilation, conversion to Islam and the different dimensions of their relations with the local populations.
Critical Reception of William Faulkner’s
Authors: Farkas Aliz 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The history of reception of William Faulkner’s most cherished work, The Sound and the Fury, tellingly reveals the changes that have occurred in reader attitude toward the novel since its first publication in 1929. The main purpose of this paper is to explore the modalities of interpretation employed by three, culturally and historically distinct “interpretive communities” (Fish 1980): American literary critics and reviewers evaluating the novel upon its first publication, Romanian literary critics and reviewers expressing their opinion on the Romanian translation of the novel published in 1971, and contemporary Internet bloggers and commenters discussing their reading experience with the novel.
Relying on Hans Robert Jauss’s notions of “aesthetic distance” and “horizon of expectation” (Jauss 1970, 1982), I have raised two questions that I will try to answer at the end of this paper. First, I would like to see whether the literary career of The Sound and the Fury follows the trajectory from initial rejection to wide acceptance with increasing aesthetic value, as predicted by Jauss’s theory. Second, I am interested in finding out whether those features of the novel that were initially perceived as unfamiliar and incomprehensible were indeed incorporated into the later readers’ horizon of expectations, so that they no longer pose problems for the readers.
Travelling into the World of Bilingual (Code-Switching) Concrete Poetry
Authors: Telek Márta Törteli 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The paper examines the complex phenomenon of intermediality, “multimedial transgression”, and “culturally agitating hybridity” resonating and flashing over ages and cultures. It reviews concrete poetry, which may be considered as a real multimedial text with linguistic and pictorial coded aesthetic message, the poetic intention evolving from the mixture of verb and picture. Examining from the aesthetic of reception, code-switching of concrete poetry comes into the focus of the research. We may feel that for a recipient knowing both languages (for the recipient of concrete poetry), it is more advantageous for the speaker combining the expressions of the two languages since one with a mixed language always relates what he would like to say in the language he can express his thoughts more properly. In fact, this is such a code-switching that the recipient may perceive as a single code on the basis of simultaneity of text and picture.
The study highlights reading alternatives that concrete poetry offers us as well as the travel it takes us on. By analysing the mode of interpretation, we can observe how visual poems overbalance the conventional linearity of writing, how figurativity becomes equivalent to the text in the course of creating meaning, while reading is guided by the sight of picture, which confirms the sight as well. Thus, language and picture are practically trapped by the calligram. Text (concrete poetry) understanding is described as integrative by the paper, coming into existence as a result of the constant correction and supplement of situational and ephemeral understandings. It considers the hermeneutical circle/spiral of understanding as a travel, which is always unique and not to be repeated.
Language of the Hand in Indo-European Idioms
Authors: Butiurca Doina 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The research starts from the assertion that there is an interdependent rapport between cultural forms and the experiential field, necessary for the dynamics of cultural development. The general objective of our approach is the development of a system of relations ordered by human experience for linguistic vitality (of a language/group of [kindred] languages) in the mental and cultural fields. Particular/experiential takes on the concepts of “right”/“left”, the systemic extension of significances in linguistics, religion, moral mentality, and culture of peoples of the world stand as secondary objectives of the research. Application is made to pan-Latin languages, Hungarian, and English. Synchronic and diachronic analysis, contrastive method, and cognitive approach are but a few of the research methods. The first of the conclusions to be drawn is that the diachronic dynamics of a culture is ensured by the systemic relations between human experience, language, mentality, and others.
A Logical Approach to Modal Verbs 3. “Must”
Authors: Imre Attila 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The article aims at a logical approach to discussing must, organized around the core meaning of necessity, split into epistemic (logical necessity) and deontic necessity (obligation). After discussing must as a central modal auxiliary, we present various meanings of must, relying on authoritative sources published for international (English), Hungarian, and Romanian students. Possible issues of teaching must are also dealt with, supported by data from a popular TV series containing modal verbs. The conclusion discusses the importance and relativity of a number of occurrences, trying to offer a possible teaching option for modals stemming from practice.
Die Rolle der journalistischen Translation in der Übersetzerausbildung in Ungarn und einigen Nachbarländern
Authors: Zachar Viktor 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The article presents a study on the role of journalistic translation (press translation) in translation teaching using a questionnaire in November-December 2016 on a sample of 52 translation teachers. The aim of the survey was to find out the role of journalistic translation in translation teaching in Hungary and three neighbouring countries: Croatia, Romania and Slovakia. The importance of the survey lies in the fact that no research has been published so far on this topic in Hungary, and only minor research has been done on the topic of journalistic translation itself (primarily limited to the field of text linguistics).
Despite these facts, the study has revealed the importance of journalistic translation in the teaching of translation: more than 85% of the teachers surveyed use press texts in teaching due to different motivations, and nearly 50% of respondents use them during the entire period of translation education. The inclusion of journalistic translation in the teaching of translation is also confirmed and justified by the fact that more than 80% of those surveyed consider the subject to be relevant for the students’ future work as a translator due to the wide range of application areas of journalistic translation.
Temeswar und das Banat in derTemesvarer Zeitung
Authors: János Eszter 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSince its founding, the Temesvar newspaper (Temesvarer Zeitung) has been part of a multicultural society (Hungarians, Germans, Serbs, Romanians, Jews). This heterogeneity of the population and its cultural diversity is also reflected in its cultural section, which contains literary texts, essays, reports, commentaries and critical discussions. The research focuses on the period headed by Adolf Sternberg (1871-1882), as he gave an important impetus by putting emphasis on the features page of the newspaper and wanted to raise the level of the press organ with literary and cultural contributions.
On the essential dimension of coherent sheaves
Authors: Biswas Indranil , Dhillon Ajneet , Hoffmann Norbert 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We characterize all fields of definition for a given coherent sheaf over a projective scheme in terms of
projective modules over a finite-dimensional endomorphism algebra. This yields general results on the
essential dimension of such sheaves. Applying them to vector bundles over a smooth projective curve C, we
obtain an upper bound for the essential dimension of their moduli stack. The upper bound is sharp if the
conjecture of Colliot-Thélène, Karpenko and Merkurjev holds. We find that the genericity property proved
for Deligne–Mumford stacks by Brosnan, Reichstein and Vistoli still holds for this Artin stack,
unless the curve C is elliptic.