bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Problems that are encountered by the students with disabled in universities: Sample of University of Selcuk <p> Üniversitelerde engelli öğrencilerin eğitim alanında karşılaştıkları sorunlar: Selçuk Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: Karakuş Özlem , Kalaycı Kırlıoğlu Huriye İrem , Kırlıoğlu Mehmet , Başer Doğa 
Published: September 2017

Abstract The main aim of this study is to present educational problems that Selçuk University disabled students encounter. This study is designed in accordance with qualitative research method. Data is collected based on qualitative research design, -on behalf of Selçuk University Disabled Student Unity- from (1) interviews with students, students’ parents and instructors and (2) applications of students, students’ parents and instructors. In 2009-2016 academic years, there were 152 written appeal and interviews (disabled students, students’ families, and instructors). Among the applicants instructors are the ones who experience most problems (n=76, 50%) and the most troublesome theme is problems related to lecturing style based on disability types (n=42, 40,79%) and problems related to the way in which exams are framed (n=35, 23,03%). For a visually disabled student, sufficient explanations and descriptions in course materials have to be done. For hearing-impaired students, instructor has to be careful about where s/he stands in the class and has to lecture facing the student. As for orthopedically disabled students, notes have to be provided to those students who have difficulty to take notes during the lectures.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu araştırmanın genel amacı Selçuk Üniversitesi bünyesinde yer alan engelli öğrencilerin eğitim alanında karşılaştıkları eğitsel sorunları ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemine göre dizayn edilmiştir. Veriler nitel araştırma desenine göre Selçuk Üniversitesi Engelli Öğrenci Birimi adına (1) öğrenci, öğrenci velileri ve öğretim elemanları ile yapılan görüşmelerden, (2) öğrenci, öğrenci velileri ve öğretim elemanlarının birime yaptıkları başvurulardan elde edilmiştir. 2009-2016 eğitim-öğretim yılları arasında toplamda 152 adet yazılı başvuru/görüşme (engeli öğrenciler, öğrenci velileri ve öğretim elemanları) gerçekleşmiştir. Başvuranlar arasında en çok sorun yaşayanların öğretim elemanlarının olduğu (n=76, %50), en çok sorun yaşadıkları temaların ise engel türlerine göre ders anlatım biçimine ilişkin sorunlar (n=62, %40,79) ve sınavların yapılma şekline ilişkin sorunlar (n=35, %23,03) olduğu görülmektedir. Görme engelli bir öğrenci için ders materyallerinde yeterli açıklamaların ve betimlemelerin yapılması gerekmektedir. İşitme engelli öğrenciler için hocanın sınıfta bulunduğu pozisyona dikkat ederek bu tür engele sahip bir öğrenciye yönelerek ders anlatımını gerçekleştirmesi gereklidir. Ortopedik engelli öğrencilere yönelik ise ders anlatım sırasında not tutmakta zorlanan bu öğrencilere notların erişiminin sağlanması önemlidir.// // // // // // Annotate Highlight
A combined numerical algorithm for reconstructing the mathematical model for tuberculosis transmission with control programs
Authors: Kabanikhin Sergey , Krivorotko Olga , Kashtanova Victoriya 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
A new combined numerical algorithm for solving inverse problems of epidemiology is described in this paper.
The combined algorithm consists of optimization and iterative methods, and determines the parameters specific to a particular population by using the statistical information for a few previous years. The coefficients of the epidemiology model describe particular qualities of the population and the development of the disease. The inverse problem of parameter identification in a mathematical model is reduced to the problem of minimizing an objective function characterizing the square deviation of the statistical data from the experimental data.
The combination of statistical and optimization algorithms demonstrates the identification of parameters with an appropriate relative accuracy of 30Ṫhe results can be used by public health organizations to predict the infectious disease epidemic in a given region by comparing the data of simulation with historical data.
Performance of informal market sweet potato cultivars in on-farm trials in South Africa
Authors: Laurie Sunette , Calitz Frikkie , Mtileni Musa , Mphela Whelma , Tjale Sidwell 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Several new sweet potato cultivars have been released in South Africa from 2004 until 2011 with varietal traits suitable for the informal market. This paper reports on results of on-farm trials conducted to evaluate the cultivars in broader agro-ecologies in the country. The trials were conducted at 15 localities across the 2011/12 to 2014/15 planting seasons including six cultivars with varying flesh colours. Data collection included marketable and unmarketable storage root yield classes, dry mass, and taste acceptability. The sites were representative of cool subtropical and warm temperate regions. Statistical analysis included ANOVA, AMMI, Discriminant analysis (DA) and Principal component analysis (PCA). Significant effects were detected for locality*cultivar and region*cultivar interactions for total and marketable yield, and for cultivar only for marketable yield. The factor region was not significant. The mean marketable yield ranged from 13.1 to 19.0 t/ha, being highest for 199062.1 and Ndou, while Bophelo had average stable yield over a broad range of environments. The most prevalent unmarketable class was weevil damage (15.1%). The study demonstrated PCA and DA as quick analytical tools to associate quality traits with cultivars to facilitate cultivar recommendations. Bophelo and Ndou had been sold with success on local informal markets and have large potential to be promoted wider.
Load-Velocity Relationship in Variations of the Half-Squat Exercise: Influence of Execution Technique
Authors: Pérez-Castilla Alejandro , García-Ramos Amador , Padial Paulino , Morales-Artacho Antonio J. , Feriche Belén 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Pérez-Castilla, A, García-Ramos, A, Padial, P, Morales-Artacho, AJ, and Feriche, B. Load-velocity relationship in variations of the half-squat exercise: influence of execution technique. J Strength Cond Res 34(4): 1024–1031, 2020—Previous studies have revealed that the velocity of the bar can be used to determine the intensity of different resistance training exercises. However, the load-velocity relationship seems to be exercise dependent. This study aimed to compare the load-velocity relationship obtained from 2 variations of the half-squat exercise (traditional vs. ballistic) using 2 execution techniques (eccentric-concentric vs. concentric-only). Twenty men performed a submaximal progressive loading test in 4 half-squat exercises: eccentric-concentric traditional-squat, concentric-only traditional-squat, countermovement jump (i.e., ballistic squat using the eccentric-concentric technique), and squat jump (i.e., ballistic squat using the concentric-only technique). Individual linear regressions were used to estimate the 1 repetition maximum (1RM) for each half-squat exercise. Thereafter, another linear regression was applied to establish the relationship between the relative load (%RM) and mean propulsive velocity (MPV). For all exercises, a strong relationship was observed between %RM and MPV: eccentric-concentric traditional-squat (R
2 = 0.949), concentric-only traditional-squat (R
2 = 0.920), countermovement jump (R
2 = 0.957), and squat jump (R
2 = 0.879). The velocities associated with each %RM were higher for the ballistic variation and the eccentric-concentric technique than for the traditional variation and concentric-only technique, respectively. Differences in velocity among the half-squat exercises decreased with the increment in the relative load. These results demonstrate that the MPV can be used to predict exercise intensity in the 4 half-squat exercises. However, independent regressions are required for each half-squat exercise because the load-velocity relationship proved to be task specific.
Bioethics and Islamic Values: Assisted Reproductive Technology in the Context of Indonesia
Authors: Nahdi Maizer Said , Sulistiyowati Eka 
Published: September 2017

Assisted-reproductive technology (ART) has developed rapidly, and has brought controversies in terms of legality and ethics. Todays, majority of people rely on bioethics to address the issue. Yet, bioethics in its development, mostly is influenced by Western values such as autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. Some communities, like Islam, need to respond the issue using “Islamic bioethics”. This paper explores how Muslims in Indonesia tackle the issue and set up “Islamic bioethical values” accordingly. Our literary research found that some individual interpretation and judgments (ijtihād) have been given both by Islamic organizations [Muhammadiyah, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI)] and outstanding ulama. Fatwas issued by the majorities indicate that although the methods of inquiries are different, the result is the same, that is rejecting the presence of a third party in the form of sperm, ovum, or uterus.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v24i1.2209
AS REFORMAS DO ENSINO MÉDIO E O PROJETO PROFESSOR DIRETOR DE TURMA: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA EM ARACOIABA-CE
Authors: Leite Maria Cleide da Silva Ribeiro , Martins Elcimar Simão , Lima Maria Socorro Lucena 
Published: September 2017

Este texto buscou compreender as reformas do Ensino Médio, focando no desenvolvimento do Projeto Professor Diretor de Turma (PPDT) como uma inovação proposta pela Secretaria da Educação do Ceará. O PPDT prioriza a realização de um currículo criativo, sintonizado com as demandas sociais contemporâneas, fomentando o diálogo com a juventude e buscando a superação do currículo de concepção fragmentada. A pesquisa de natureza qualitativa foi desenvolvida na Escola de Ensino Médio Almir Pinto, em Aracoiaba-CE e utilizou como estratégias metodológicas, a investigação documental, a observação e entrevistas com docentes. A investigação evidenciou que as reformas do Ensino Médio, de uma forma geral, são carregadas de bons propósitos, mas na prática não se efetivam plenamente, em virtude das condições de precarização, cuja resolução ultrapassa os limites da comunidade escolar e devem ser emanadas dos órgãos mantenedores. No entanto, presenciamos um esforço enorme de todos que fazem a escola para assegurar as condições de trabalho dos professores e a funcionalidade do referido projeto. O conjunto dos dados delineou ainda que o PPDT se configura como um projeto inovador, contribuindo nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem, evidenciando sensibilidade e apoio do núcleo gestor e postura docente de escuta coerente com o perfil do diretor de turma e baseada no diálogo.
NO TEAR DA MEMÓRIA, TRAVESSIAS DE HISTÓRIA DA LUTA DO CAMPO NO CORDEL: EDUCAR A JUVENTUDE EM DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: De Aragão Araújo Patrícia Cristina , Das Neves Gildivan Francisco 
Published: September 2017

A luta e resistência popular pela terra é um marco na historicidade da sociedade brasileira. Pensar o campo é vislumbrar na sua contextura ações populares e dos movimentos sociais que lutaram pela terra, pelo direito social e político de pertencimento ao território rural. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é refletir sobre a luta pela terra e as resistências dos povos do campo no cordel, pelo viés dos direitos humanos na perspectiva de educar o jovem do campo sobre a memória histórica deste espaço social. Nossa proposta é mostrar que é possível educar a juventude do campo, através dos cordéis, estes vistos como espaço de educar que ao serem utilizados na educação escolar, como conteúdo de aprendizagem desenvolvem discussões sobre a educação do campo, tendo como eixos norteadores a memória e escrita do campo contidas nos folhetos. O cordel, como constituinte de uma memória social nordestina e brasileira, traz marcas de produções de poetas populares, que nos textos poéticos, elaboraram suas visões do campo e compuseram uma escrita sobre o trajeto de homens e mulheres e a epopeia de suas experiências em comuns. Educar os jovens do campo a partir da memória e história dos povos do campo na escrita dos cordéis possibilita o diálogo de saberes e valores construídos no conhecimento vivencial dos poetas populares, é ensinar uma história, cuja narrativa se torna importante no aprendizado da juventude, educando pela valorização social, cultural e política com enfoque nos direitos humanos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Juventude, Cordel, Memória, Educação do Campo, Direitos humanos
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SAINS TEKNOLOGI MASYARAKAT (STM) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SISWA PADA POKOK BAHASAN EKOSISTEM KELAS VII MTs Amilda 3 1 PARADIGMA PALEMBANG
Authors: Amilda Amilda , Nawawi Sulton , Minasari Uci 
Published: September 2017

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the application of learning model ofScience Technology Society (STS) to the ability of understanding the concept of Biologystudents on the subject of VII grade ecosystem MTs Paradigma Palembang. The desain ofstudy used the design of the Nonequivalent Control Group Design with Quasi Experimentalmethod (quasi experiment). These sample included 35 students. Based on the results of theanalysis of students' concept of understanding shows that the implementation of learningusing the model of learning Science Technology Society (STS) is better than theconventional learning model. It can can be seen from the calculation of the t-test showed ofstudents' concept of understanding sig t-value 0.000 < 0,05, then Ha accepted and H0 rejected.The result of analysis of the improvement of the average completeness of the conceptualunderstanding of the experimental class is 48.2% while the students 'understanding of thecontrol class is 29.2%, which means that the students' understanding of the concept of theexperimental class is higher than the understanding of the concept of the control class. This, itcan be concluded that the learning model of Science Technology Society (STS) around effecton understanding the concept of students of class VII MTs Paradigma Palembang
Quantitative Measurement of Osseous Pathology in Advanced Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis
Authors: Iannotti Joseph P. , Jun Bong-Jae , Patterson Thomas E. , Ricchetti Eric T. 
Published: September 2017

Background:
Osteoarthritis of the glenohumeral joint has typical patterns of deformity as described by Walch et al. However, more severe glenoid pathology may be difficult to classify. The purpose of this study was to use 3-dimensional computed tomography (3-D CT) imaging analysis to define common pathologic subtypes that can be differentiated from the current Walch classification.

Methods:
We performed quantitative measurements of premorbid and pathologic anatomy using preoperative 3-D CT scans from 155 cases of advanced glenohumeral osteoarthritis that underwent anatomic or reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. We defined premorbid glenohumeral anatomy on the basis of previously validated methods using 3-D glenoid vault and humeral best-fit circle models including the premorbid glenoid version, joint-line medialization, and humeral-glenoid alignment (HGA). We determined the anatomic features that differentiate new glenoid morphologic subtypes from the existing Walch classification both qualitatively and quantitatively.

Results:
We defined 2 new glenoid subtypes (B3 and C2) for which the glenoid pathology and humeral alignment were not defined in the original Walch classification. The B3 glenoid has high pathologic retroversion, normal premorbid version, and acquired central and posterior bone loss that, on average, is greater than that of the B2 glenoid. The C2 glenoid is dysplastic with high pathologic retroversion, high premorbid version, and acquired posterior bone loss, giving it the appearance of a biconcave glenoid with posterior translation of the humeral head. This C2 glenoid can be confused with the B2 glenoid.

Conclusions:
The B3 and C2 patterns have qualitative and quantitative differences that may result in different clinical outcomes than classic B2 or C types; therefore, our findings suggest that these new subtypes should be included in a new or modified classification system.
In-Hospital Complications Following Ankle Arthrodesis Versus Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Odum Susan M. , Van Doren Bryce A. , Anderson Robert B. , Davis W. Hodges 
Published: September 2017

Background:
Ankle arthrodesis has been the traditional surgical treatment for end-stage hindfoot arthritis. However, utilization of total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) is increasing as surgical techniques and implants have substantially improved. The purpose of this study was to compare the U.S. national rates of perioperative (in-hospital) complications between a statistically matched cohort of patients who underwent either an ankle arthrodesis or a TAA.

Methods:
Data from the 2002 to 2013 Nationwide Inpatient Sample releases were analyzed. The International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) procedure codes were used to identify 4,192 patients treated with TAA (ICD 81.56) and 16,278 treated with ankle arthrodesis (ICD 81.11). ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes were utilized to identify major and minor in-hospital complications, and mortality was determined using the Uniform Bill patient disposition. The arthrodesis and TAA groups were matched with regard to age, sex, race, surgery year, hospital type, comorbidities, adjunctive procedures, and surgical indication. Unadjusted and adjusted in-hospital complication risks were compared between groups using the Fisher exact test and multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results:
We were able to statistically match 1,574 patients who underwent a TAA (37.5%) with a patient who underwent arthrodesis. A major in-hospital complication occurred in 8.5% (134) of the 1,574 patients in the ankle arthrodesis group compared with 5.3% (84) of the 1,574 in the TAA group (p < 0.001) whereas a minor complication was found in 4.7% (74) in the ankle arthrodesis group compared with 5.9% (93) in the TAA group (p = 0.14). There were no deaths in either group. After adjusting for case mix, we found that ankle arthrodesis was 1.8 times more likely to be followed by a major complication (odds ratio [OR] = 1.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.32 to 2.39) whereas the minor complication rate was 29% lower in that group (OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.45 to 1.13).

Conclusions:
In a matched cohort of 3,148 patients treated with either TAA or ankle arthrodesis, ankle arthrodesis was associated with a 1.8 times higher risk of a major complication but a 29% lower risk of a minor complication. Our findings are consistent with other studies that have shown TAA to be a safe procedure in the inpatient environment.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Flexion-Type Supracondylar Humeral Fractures
Authors: Flynn Kelly , Shah Apurva S. , Brusalis Christopher M. , Leddy Kelly , Flynn John M. 
Published: September 2017

Background:
The vast majority of displaced pediatric supracondylar humeral fractures can be treated successfully with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning. The need for open reduction is difficult to determine a priori and is typically due to the failure of closed reduction attempts or persistent limb ischemia. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of flexion-type supracondylar humeral fractures, the rate of open reduction for flexion-type fractures, and the predictive impact of ulnar nerve injury on the need for open reduction for flexion-type supracondylar humeral fractures.

Methods:
We developed a database of consecutive pediatric supracondylar humeral fractures treated operatively at a tertiary care pediatric trauma center from 2000 to 2015. Data recorded included age, mechanism of injury, fracture type (open or closed), fracture pattern (flexion-type or extension-type), concomitant skeletal injury, neurovascular injury, treatment, and surgeon. Radiographs of all flexion-type supracondylar humeral fractures were reviewed in order to confirm the classification of the injury pattern. The rate of open reduction for fractures with a flexion-type injury pattern and for such fractures with and without ulnar nerve injury at presentation was assessed.

Results:
Of 2,783 consecutive pediatric supracondylar humeral fractures treated by surgeons at our center, 95 (3.4%) were flexion-type fractures. Ulnar nerve injury was noted for 10 (10.5%) of the 95 flexion-type fractures. Open injuries were identified at presentation in 3 (3.2%) of the 95 cases. Among closed fractures, 21 (22.8%) of 92 flexion-type fractures required open reduction compared with 50 (1.9%) of 2,647 extension-type fractures (odds ratio [OR] = 15.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 8.8 to 27.0; p < 0.001). Among closed flexion-type fractures, open reduction was performed in 6 (60%) of 10 fractures with associated ulnar nerve injury and in 15 (18.3%) of 82 fractures without ulnar nerve injury (OR = 6.7; 95% CI = 1.7 to 26.7; p = 0.003).

Conclusions:
Among closed supracondylar humeral fractures, the flexion-type injury pattern was associated with a 15.4-fold increase in the odds of open reduction. The presence of an ulnar nerve injury at presentation resulted in an additional 6.7-fold higher risk of open reduction among flexion-type supracondylar humeral fractures. Patients and families should be counseled regarding the high rate of open reduction for flexion-type supracondylar humeral fractures, particularly those with an associated ulnar nerve injury.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Improved Safety and Cost Savings from Reductions in Cast-Saw Burns After Simulation-Based Education for Orthopaedic Surgery Residents
Authors: Bae Donald S. , Lynch Hayley , Jamieson Katherine , Yu-Moe C. Winnie , Roussin Christopher 
Published: September 2017

Background:
The purpose of this investigation was to characterize the clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness of simulation training aimed at reducing cast-saw injuries.

Methods:
Third-year orthopaedic residents underwent simulation-based instruction on distal radial fracture reduction, casting, and cast removal using an oscillating saw. The analysis compared incidences of cast-saw injuries and associated costs before and after the implementation of the simulation curriculum. Actual and potential costs associated with cast-saw injuries included wound care, extra clinical visits, and potential total payment (indemnity and expense payments). Curriculum costs were calculated through time-derived, activity-based accounting methods. The researchers compared the costs of cast-saw injuries and the simulation curriculum to determine overall savings and return on investment.

Results:
In the 2.5 years prior to simulation, cast-saw injuries occurred in approximately 4.3 per 100 casts cut by orthopaedic residents. For the 2.5-year period post-simulation, the injury rate decreased significantly to approximately 0.7 per 100 casts cut (p = 0.002). The total cost to implement the casting simulation was $2,465.31 per 6-month resident rotation. On the basis of historical data related to cast-saw burns (n = 6), total payments ranged from $2,995 to $25,000 per claim. The anticipated savings from averted cast-saw injuries and associated medicolegal payments in the 2.5 years post-simulation was $27,131, representing an 11-to-1 return on investment.

Conclusions:
Simulation-based training for orthopaedic surgical residents was effective in reducing cast-saw injuries and had a high theoretical return on investment. These results support further investment in simulation-based training as cost-effective means of improving patient safety and clinical outcomes.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.