bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing ecological sustainability: a green IS response model
Authors: Hedman Jonas , Henningsson Stefan 
Published: January 2016

AbstractGrowing private and public concern with the environment is pushing businesses to increase their awareness and action. Using the Nordic bank Nordea as a case study and a Green information systems (IS) organizational response model developed on the basis of extant literature, we investigate how Green IS initiatives become part of a firm's overall strategy and part of the organizational sustainability process. We find that Green IS initiatives are initiated through a bottom‐up process where environmentally concerned individuals identify issues and become Green IS champions. They use their authority and edification skills to promote Green IS to the organizational agenda. If the issue is aligned with the organizational agenda, it receives management's endorsement. The empirical case also shows two types of systemic feedback that can fuel a self‐reinforcing sustainability process. The first type of feedback increases the champion's ability to promote Green IS in the future through authority and edification. The second type leads to the transformation of organizational value through reinforcement and extension. Finally, we identify interrelationships between organizational response processes, where higher‐order response processes, e.g. change of corporate values, function as gatekeepers or pre‐conditions for when and which issues are promoted to the organizational agenda. © 2016 Wiley Publishing Ltd
Falling female labour force participation in Kerala: Empirical evidence of discouragement?
Authors: MATHEW Shalina Susan 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIndia's female employment and labour force participation have been declining since the mid‐2000s. Kerala, traditionally its best‐performing state on these indicators, has done worse than the country as a whole. This article examines the shifts that occurred in Kerala's female employment and participation between 2004 and 2012, by household income level, age group, level of education and occupational category. Those dropping out of the labour market are typically young, educated women qualified for professional occupations, suggesting a discouragement effect exacerbated by widening gender pay differentials in top occupations. These shifts have obliterated some of the hitherto defining features of Kerala's labour market.
Gender earnings discrimination in Jordan: Good intentions are not enough
Authors: ALFARHAN Usamah F. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractJordan has long been a party to the main international instruments prohibiting discrimination against women, yet it still displays a significant gender pay gap. Using data from the 2002, 2006 and 2008 Household Expenditure and Income Surveys for decomposition analysis, while also accounting for the labour force participation decisions of women and men, the author finds that the pay gap is entirely explained by gender differentials in his estimated coefficients. The gap is initiated upon recruitment into wage employment through “screening discrimination”, though it tends to narrow over time. Women's selectively low participation also contributes to a statistical improvement in their relative earnings.
An Alternative Protocol for Single Zircon Dissolution with Application to (U‐Th‐Sm)/He Thermochronometry
Authors: Tibari Bouchaïb , Vacherat Arnaud , Stab Martin , Pik Raphaël , Yeghicheyan Delphine , Hild Pascal 
Published: January 2016

Zircon (U‐Th‐Sm)/He (ZHe) thermochronometry is a powerful tool that has been widely used in geology to constrain the exhumation histories of orogens. In this study, we present an alternative protocol for dissolving zircon grains for determination of parent nuclides. This new alkali fusion procedure developed at the SARM (Service d'Analyse des Roches et des Minéraux) in Nancy, France, is fast (requiring only 2 d, including cleaning steps) and offers several advantages over conventional methods by avoiding: (i) use of HF pressure dissolution and (ii) complete removing of grains from the metal microvials. After dissolution, U, Th and Sm were measured using an ICP‐MS. We tested the new procedure on two different ZHe reference materials, the Fish Canyon Tuff and Buluk Tuff; these provided precision values for ZHe‐age estimations of 9 and 6% (1s), respectively. In addition, using this method, zircons from the Buluk Tuff are shown to be chemically more homogenous and more suitable for assessing the uncertainty of the entire integrated procedure.
Systemic antimicrobials adjuvant to periodontal therapy in diabetic subjects: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Grellmann Alessandra Pascotini , Sfreddo Camila Silveira , Maier Juliana , Lenzi Tathiane Larissa , Zanatta Fabricio Batistin 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundAdjuvant antibiotics have been suggested to improve periodontal therapy in diabetic subjects.AimThe aim of this study was to systematically review randomized clinical trials assessing systemic antimicrobial use adjuvant to scaling and root planing (SRP) versus SRP alone in diabetic subjects.Material and MethodsThe PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, TRIP, Web of Science and LILACS databases and the grey literature were searched through May 2015. Of 2534 potentially eligible studies, 13 were included in the systematic review. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) in probing depth (PD) reduction and clinical attachment level (CAL) gain (primary outcomes), and plaque index (PI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) reductions, were estimated using a random effect model.ResultsThe WMD in PD reduction [−0.15 mm, n = 11, p = 0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.24, −0.06] favoured antibiotic use. WMDs in CAL gain, PI and BOP reductions (−0.14 mm, n = 9, p = 0.11, 95% CI −0.32, 0.03; 4.01%, n = 7, p = 0.05, 95% CI −0.04, 8.07; and −1.91%, n = 7, p = 0.39, 95% CI −6.32, 2.51 respectively) did not favour adjunctive antibiotic use.ConclusionAdjunctive therapy may improve the efficacy of SRP in reducing PD in diabetic subjects.
Enhanced healing of surgical periodontal defects in rats following application of a self‐assembling peptide nanofibre hydrogel
Authors: Takeuchi Takahiro , Bizenjima Takahiro , Ishii Yoshihito , Imamura Kentaro , Suzuki Eiichi , Seshima Fumi , Saito Atsushi 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a self‐assembling peptide (SAP) nanofibre hydrogel on healing of surgical periodontal defects in rats.Materials and MethodsIn vitro interactions between rat periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and SAP hydrogel (2.5% RADA16) were assessed by cell proliferation assays. In vivo, maxillary first molars of 45 Wistar rats were extracted and after healing, bilateral periodontal defects were surgically created mesially in second molars. Defects were treated with RADA16, Matrigel, or left unfilled. After 2 and 4 weeks, defect healing was evaluated by microcomputed tomography, histological and immunohistochemical analyses.ResultsPeriodontal ligament cells grown on RADA16 showed an gradual increase in proliferation up to 72 h. At 4 weeks post surgery, the bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness of defect areas in the RADA16 group were significantly greater than those in other groups. Histologically, enhanced new bone formation was observed in the RADA16 group. At 4 weeks, PDL‐like collagen bundles ran oblique to the root surface in the RADA16 group. Expression levels of PCNA‐positive cells, vascular endothelial growth factor and osteopontin in the RADA16 group were significantly greater than those in other groups.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of the study, application of the SAP hydrogel promoted healing of surgical periodontal defects by enhancing cell recruitment and possibly angiogenesis.
Maternal and Newborn Outcomes Following Waterbirth: The Midwives Alliance of North America Statistics Project, 2004 to 2009 Cohort
Authors: Bovbjerg Marit L. , Cheyney Melissa , Everson Courtney 
Published: January 2016

IntroductionData on the safety of waterbirth in the United States are lacking.MethodsWe used data from the Midwives Alliance of North America Statistics Project, birth years 2004 to 2009. We compared outcomes of neonates born underwater waterbirth (n = 6534), neonates not born underwater nonwaterbirth (n = 10,290), and neonates whose mothers intended a waterbirth but did not have one intended waterbirth (n = 1573). Neonatal outcomes included a 5‐minute Apgar score of less than 7, neonatal hospital transfer, and hospitalization or neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission in the first 6 weeks. Maternal outcomes included genital tract trauma, postpartum hospital transfer, and hospitalization or infection (uterine, endometrial, perineal) in the first 6 weeks. We used logistic regression for all analyses, controlling for primiparity.ResultsWaterbirth neonates experienced fewer negative outcomes than nonwaterbirth neonates: the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for hospital transfer was 0.46 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.32‐0.68; P < .001); the aOR for infant hospitalization in the first 6 weeks was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.63‐0.88; P < .001); and the aOR for NICU admission was 0.59 (95% CI, 0.46‐0.76; P < .001). By comparison, neonates in the intended waterbirth group experienced more negative outcomes than the nonwaterbirth group, although only 5‐minute Apgar score was significant (aOR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.40‐2.93; P < 0001). For women, waterbirth (compared to nonwaterbirth) was associated with fewer postpartum transfers (aOR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.50‐0.84; P = .001) and hospitalizations in the first 6 weeks (aOR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.59‐0.87; P < 0.001) but with an increased odds of genital tract trauma (aOR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.18; P = .002). Waterbirth was not associated with maternal infection. Women in the intended waterbirth group had increased odds for all maternal outcomes compared to women in the nonwaterbirth group, although only genital tract trauma was significant (aOR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.49‐1.87; P < .001).DiscussionWaterbirth confers no additional risk to neonates; however, waterbirth may be associated with increased risk of genital tract trauma for women.
How many amyloid‐β peptides can a neuron bind before it dies?
Authors: Munter Lisa‐Marie 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
image
This Editorial highlights a study by Jana and coworkers published in the current issue of Journal of Neurochemistry, in which the authors performed a detailed, quantitative analysis to identify the Aβ oligomer causing neuronal cell death. While most studies so far aimed to determine the Aβ oligomer with highest toxicity using preformed and characterized Aβ oligomers added to cell cultures, this study established an approach to analyze Aβ oligomers bound to primary neurons. This may shed new light on how oligomeric status changes at the cell surface and if minor oligomeric species may account for measured effects. The authors' procedure allows to monitor the effects of different Aβ oligomers in parallel, constituting an important advancement in the research field.Read the highlighted article ‘Membrane bound tetramer and trimer Aβ oligomeric species correlate with toxicity towards cultured neurons’ on page 594.
A sphingolipid mechanism for behavioral extinction
Authors: Huston Joseph P. , Kornhuber Johannes , Mühle Christiane , Japtok Lukasz , Komorowski Mara , Mattern Claudia , Reichel Martin , Gulbins Erich , Kleuser Burkhard , Topic Bianca , De Souza Silva Maria A. , Müller Christian P. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractReward‐dependent instrumental behavior must continuously be re‐adjusted according to environmental conditions. Failure to adapt to changes in reward contingencies may incur psychiatric disorders like anxiety and depression. When an expected reward is omitted, behavior undergoes extinction. While extinction involves active re‐learning, it is also accompanied by emotional behaviors indicative of frustration, anxiety, and despair (extinction‐induced depression). Here, we report evidence for a sphingolipid mechanism in the extinction of behavior. Rapid extinction, indicating efficient re‐learning, coincided with a decrease in the activity of the enzyme acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), which catalyzes turnover of sphingomyelin to ceramide, in the dorsal hippocampus of rats. The stronger the decline in ASM activity, the more rapid was the extinction. Sphingolipid‐focused lipidomic analysis showed that this results in a decline of local ceramide species in the dorsal hippocampus. Ceramides shape the fluidity of lipid rafts in synaptic membranes and by that way can control neural plasticity. We also found that aging modifies activity of enzymes and ceramide levels in selective brain regions. Aging also changed how the chronic treatment with corticosterone (stress) or intranasal dopamine modified regional enzyme activity and ceramide levels, coinciding with rate of extinction. These data provide first evidence for a functional ASM–ceramide pathway in the brain involved in the extinction of learned behavior. This finding extends the known cellular mechanisms underlying behavioral plasticity to a new class of membrane‐located molecules, the sphingolipids, and their regulatory enzymes, and may offer new treatment targets for extinction‐ and learning‐related psychopathological conditions.
image
Sphingolipids are common lipids in the brain which form lipid domains at pre‐ and postsynaptic membrane compartments. Here we show a decline in dorsal hippocampus ceramide species together with a reduction of acid sphingomyelinase activity during extinction of conditioned behavior in rats. This reduction was associated with expression of re‐learning‐related behavior, but not with emotional behaviors.Read the Editorial Highlight for this article on page 485.
Occasional finding of giant bladder diverticulum that simulated an ovarian cyst: A case report and literature review
Authors: Braga Andrea , Serati Maurizio , Vitelli Angela , Caccia Giorgio 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWe present a case of a preoperatively unrecognized giant bladder diverticulum in a 63‐year‐old postmenopausal woman. We carried out preoperative ultrasonographic evaluation and suspected an ovarian cyst. We performed two transvaginal ultrasonography scans before surgery, asking the patient to totally empty her bladder. Consequently, we decided to subject the patient to laparoscopic cyst removal. However, during surgery, the presumed ovarian cyst was not found and a bladder diverticulum was suspected. To confirm our hypothesis, we filled the bladder with saline until the reappearance of giant swelling and we recognized a bladder diverticulum. This case shows that diagnosis based on imaging alone can reveal unpleasant pitfalls. It is important to integrate clinical information, and to consider other possible investigations in order to reduce the chances of a misdiagnosis.
Impact of isolated single umbilical artery on pregnancy outcome and delivery in full‐term births
Authors: Shen Nan , Zhang Weiyuan , Li Guanghui 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAimTo identify whether an isolated single umbilical artery (ISUA) impacts pregnancy outcome and delivery mode in single and full‐term births.MethodsA retrospective study was carried out on 93 592 pregnant women (singleton pregnancy; full‐term birth; no known fetal chromosomal and structural anomalies) who gave birth between January 2011 and January 2012 in 39 hospitals within China. Pregnancy outcomes and modes of delivery were compared between research (313 cases with ISUAs) and comparison groups (1 252 cases with three‐vessel cords in a 1:4 ratio randomly matched by parity).ResultsThe birth weights (3264.71 ± 469.95 g vs 3340.76 ± 434.25 g, P = 0.001), birth lengths (48.51± 2.84 cm vs 49.99± 1.65cm, P = 0.000), placental weights (511.31± 76.43 g vs 545.31± 85.06 g, P = 0.002), umbilical cord lengths (52.64 ± 8.82 cm vs 54.08± 7.81cm, P = 0.002) and Apgar scores within one min of birth (8.83 ± 0.96 vs 9.57 ± 0.75, P = 0.000) of newborn infants were significantly lower in the research than the comparison group; the incidence of small for gestational age (10.94% vs 5.39%, P = 0.000) and low birth weight infants (6.69% vs 1.98%, P = 0.000) were significantly higher in the research group. There was no significant difference in fetal/placental weight, incidence of velamentous cord insertions, 1 min Apgar score < 7, 5 min Apgar score < 7 or vaginal or emergency cesarean delivery rates as a result of fetal factors between the two groups.ConclusionAn ISUA is associated with an adverse pregnancy outcome; however does not decrease the rate of vaginal delivery in full‐term births.
How can the research potential of the clinical quality databases be maximized? The Danish experience
Authors: Nørgaard M. , Johnsen S. P. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIn Denmark, the need for monitoring of clinical quality and patient safety with feedback to the clinical, administrative and political systems has resulted in the establishment of a network of more than 60 publicly financed nationwide clinical quality databases. Although primarily devoted to monitoring and improving quality of care, the potential of these databases as data sources in clinical research is increasingly being recognized. In this review, we describe these databases focusing on their use as data sources for clinical research, including their strengths and weaknesses as well as future concerns and opportunities. The research potential of the clinical quality databases is substantial but has so far only been explored to a limited extent. Efforts related to technical, legal and financial challenges are needed in order to take full advantage of this potential.
Prognostic Value of Right Ventricular Tei Index in Dogs with Myxomatous Mitral Valvular Heart Disease
Authors: Nakamura K. , Morita T. , Osuga T. , Morishita K. , Sasaki N. , Ohta H. , Takiguchi M. 
Published: January 2016

BackgroundThe right ventricular (RV) Tei index (TX) has a significant correlation with the severity of pulmonary hypertension. However, the role ofRVdysfunction in dogs with myxomatous mitral valvular heart disease (MMVD) has not been addressed.ObjectivesTo investigate the correlation between right ventricular Tei‐index (RVTX) and the prognosis for dogs withMMVD.AnimalsThirty client‐owned dogs withMMVD.MethodsClinical cohort study. Dogs were divided into two groups on the basis of the onset of cardiac‐related death within 1 year of the first echocardiographic examination. Physical examination and echocardiographic variables were compared between the groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and multivariate logistic analysis were used to assess the comparative accuracy when identifying dogs with cardiac‐related death.ResultsThe highest accuracy was obtained forRVTXwith an area under theROCcurve (AUC) of 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.81–0.99) followed by the left atrial to aortic root ratio with anAUCof 0.91 (95%CI0.74–0.98), peak early diastolic mitral inflow velocity with anAUCof 0.84 (95%CI0.64–0.94), and Doppler estimates of systolic pulmonary artery pressure with anAUCof 0.84 (95%CI0.61–0.95). According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis,RVTXwas the only independent correlate of cardiac‐related death within 1 year.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceRight ventricular Tei‐index has a strong correlation with the prognosis for dogs withMMVD. The most significant independent predictor of death wasRVTXin this study.
Relationship between indocyanine green retention test, decompensation and survival in patients with Child‐Pugh A cirrhosis and portal hypertension
Authors: Lisotti Andrea , Azzaroli Francesco , Cucchetti Alessandro , Buonfiglioli Federica , Cecinato Paolo , Calvanese Claudio , Simoni Patrizia , Arena Rosario , Montagnani Marco , Golfieri Rita , Colecchia Antonio , Festi Davide , Mazzella Giuseppe 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackground & AimsIndocyanine green retention test (ICG‐r15) is a non‐invasive marker of functional hepatic reserve. Among patients with compensated cirrhosis, ICG‐r15 correlates to the degree of portal hypertension (PH); however, its prognostic relationship with the occurrence of decompensation events still requires clarification.MethodsICG‐r15 was prospectively measured in 154 patients with compensated cirrhosis. Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), Child–Pugh B‐C, MELD>15, bilirubin > 2 mg/dl, INR > 1.5 or portal vein thrombosis were excluded. All patients underwent laboratory tests, upper endoscopy and hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG). Decompensation, development of HCC, liver transplant and death were recorded and analysed through competing‐risk analysis.ResultsThe study group was composed of 134 patients who were followed for a median of 39 months. During follow‐up, 46 patients (34.3%) developed liver decompensation. Hepatocellular carcinoma occurred in 18 patients and two patients died from non‐liver‐related causes. The 1‐, 2‐ and 3‐year cumulative incidences of decompensation were 9.7%, 28.4% and 33.4% respectively. Patients with ICG‐r15 < 10% did not experience any decompensation events during follow‐up, while the 3‐year cumulative incidence of decompensation of patients with ICG‐r15 between 10% and 22.9% was 29.2% and that of patients with ICG‐r15 ≥ 23% was 70.0% (P < 0.001). ICG‐r15 gave the lowest pseudo‐log‐likelihood value, in comparison to oesophageal varices present, MELD, low platelet count and HVPG.ConclusionsICG‐r15 appears to be strictly related to liver decompensation, longitudinally confirming the preliminary findings of its correlation with PH among patients with compensated cirrhosis, and can be used for patient prognostication.
Viral eradication reduces all‐cause mortality in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a propensity score analysis
Authors: Tada Toshifumi , Kumada Takashi , Toyoda Hidenori , Kiriyama Seiki , Tanikawa Makoto , Hisanaga Yasuhiro , Kanamori Akira , Kitabatake Shusuke , Yama Tsuyoki , Tanaka Junko 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackground & AimsEradication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) by interferon (IFN)‐based therapy has been reported to reduce all‐cause mortality rates in patients with chronic HCV infection. However, the impact of HCV eradication on non–liver‐related mortality including the causes of death has not been sufficiently investigated in patients with chronic HCV infection.MethodsWe enrolled 2743 patients with chronic HCV infection. Causes of death, incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and all‐cause mortality including non–liver‐related diseases, were analysed.ResultsOf these 2743 patients, 587 achieved sustained virological response (SVR) (eradication of HCV) by IFN‐based therapy (IFN‐SVR), 475 did not (without HCV eradication) (IFN‐non‐SVR), or 1681 did not receive IFN‐based therapy (non‐IFN patients) (Cohort 1); of these, 309 were selected from IFN‐SVR and non‐IFN groups using propensity score matching (Cohort 2).The median follow‐up duration was 11.4 years. In Cohort 1 patients, mortality rates from non–liver‐related diseases were 71.0% (22/31) in IFN‐SVR patients, 34.9% (37/106) in IFN‐non‐SVR patients and 50.0% (248/496) in non‐IFN patients respectively. In Cohort 2 patients, mortality rates from non–liver‐related diseases were 72.2% (13/18) in IFN‐SVR patients and 46.8% (29/62) in non‐IFN patients respectively. The eradication of HCV reduced all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR), 0.265; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.058–0.380) including non–liver‐related mortality (HR, 0.439; 95% CI, 0.231–0.834) and the incidence of HCC (HR, 0.275; 95% CI, 0.156–0.448).ConclusionsEradication of HCV reduced not only liver‐related mortality but also non–liver‐related mortality in patients with chronic HCV.