bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Saying, talking and telling
Authors: Viberg Åke 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This study compares the major Verbal Communication Verbs (VCVs) in English say, tell, speak and talk with their Swedish correspondents säga, berätta, tala and prata. The analysis is based on data from the English–Swedish Parallel Corpus. The semantic and functional description of the verbs is based on the theory of semantic frames and on speech act theory. The verbs are used primarily to report speech, but say and tell and Swedish säga are used also metalinguistically as a commentary on the current discourse as it unfolds. In English, talk and speak turn out to have a wide range of uses that are divided up in a different way in Swedish, whereas tala has many language-specific uses in Swedish. Tell has two major semantic correspondents in Swedish, berätta, which is used to report a complex sequence of events or facts, and the particle verb tala om, which tends to report a single fact. However, tell has a rather general meaning and the most frequent translation is actually säga ‘say’. That tell lacks a direct equivalent in Swedish also explains why tell turns out to be significantly underrepresented in English texts that are translated from Swedish in comparison to original English texts. Genre-based differences are also discussed. For example, not only are say and säga much more frequent in fiction than in non-fiction, but the uses are also distributed differently.
Patterns of Adjuvant Therapy Utilization in Uterine Carcinosarcoma Stages I to III
Authors: Stokes William A. , Robin Tyler P. , Jackson Matthew W. , Amini Arya , Schefter Tracey E. , Lefkowits Carolyn C. , Fisher Christine M. 
Published: June 2017

Objective:
The objective of this study is to characterize patterns of utilization of adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) and radiotherapy (RT) in the posthysterectomy management of uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) in the United States.

Materials and Methods:
We queried the National Cancer Database for women diagnosed with UCS between 2004 and 2012 and undergoing hysterectomy. Logistic regression was performed to identify sociodemographic, facility-specific, and treatment-related predictors of receiving multiagent chemotherapy, external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), or brachytherapy (BT).

Results:
In total 4272 patients were included, with 2 in 5 (40.5%) receiving no adjuvant therapy. Regarding RT, 2357 (55.1%) received neither EBRT nor BT, 929 (21.7%) received EBRT alone, 518 (12.1%) received BT alone, and 468 (11.0%) received EBRT+BT. Most women (70.8%) received no CT, a minority (1.5%) received single-agent CT, and the rest (27.8%) received multiagent chemotherapy. Logistic regression demonstrated disparities in receipt of adjuvant therapies by age, diagnosis year, insurance, facility volume, facility type, stage, and margin status, with patients with positive surgical margins less likely to receive BT.

Conclusions:
Following hysterectomy for UCS, a large proportion of women receives no CT and no RT in the United States. Multispecialty evaluation is critical for individualization of therapy and may address disparities in this aggressive disease.
Late INa Inhibition as an Antiarrhythmic Strategy
Authors: Burashnikov Alexander 
Published: June 2017

Abstract:
Late sodium channel current (late INa) is considered to be an antiarrhythmic target. The prime antiarrhythmic mechanisms of late INa inhibition have been suggested to be (1) suppression of intracellular calcium [Cai]-mediated rhythmic activity (through reduction in Cai secondary to the decrease in intracellular sodium [Nai]) and (2) normalization of repolarization. Endogenous late INa is a small current and acceleration of the heart rate decreases late INa density. Late INa influx may significantly contribute to Nai loading, but it seems to largely occur under the combined conditions of augmented late INa density, bradycardia, and prolonged repolarization. At the same time, the relative contribution of late INa (including endogenous) in any type of prolonged cardiac repolarization is critical. Sodium channel blockers inhibit both late INa and peak INa, and a specific block of late INa might be achieved at slow and normal but seems not at rapid activation rates, at which peak INa, a much greater current, is also likely to be inhibited. The antiarrhythmic potential of a specific inhibition of late INa seems to best fit for, or may be limited to, the prevention of arrhythmias associated with prolonged repolarization, but it seems to be applicable to all types of arrhythmic abnormalities with elongated cardiac repolarization.
Effect of programmed exercise on insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Bueno-Notivol Juan , Calvo-Latorre Julia , Alonso-Ventura Vanesa , Pasupuleti Vinay , Hernandez Adrian V. , Pérez-López Faustino R. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Objective:
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of programmed exercise for at least 12 weeks, in postmenopausal women on insulin sensitivity-related outcomes (ISROs), including fasting insulin, C-peptide, insulin growth factor (IGF-1) and IGF-binding protein (IGFBP-3), Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and anthropometric variables.

Methods:
Searches were conducted in PubMed-Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from inception through May 3, 2016, for studies published in all languages. Extracted data included characteristics of the study design, study participants, intervention, and outcome measures. Types of exercise were classified into “mid-term exercise intervention” (MTEI, 3-4 months exercise duration) and a “long-term exercise intervention” (LTEI, 6-12 months exercise duration). Risk of bias in RCTs was evaluated with the Cochrane tool. We used random-effects models for meta-analyses. We adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Results:
Seven RCTS (n = 580) evaluating the effects of programmed exercise on ISROs were included. In three RCTs, MTEI significantly lowered insulin levels (mean difference [MD] −6.50 pmol/L, 95% confidence interval [CI] −11.19, −1.82, P = 0.006) and HOMA-IR values (MD −0.18, 95% CI −0.34, −0.03, P = 0.02) when compared with controls. LTEI had no significant effect on insulin levels (P = 0.19) or HOMA-IR values (P = 0.68) in four and three RCTs, respectively. There were no significant differences between exercise intervention versus controls in circulating IGF-1, glucose, triglycerides with both MTEI and LTEI, and in IGFBP-3 with LTEI. There were significant reductions in body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) (MD −1.48, 95% CI −2.48, −0.48, P = 0.004) and in body fat percentage (MD −2.99, 95% CI −4.85, −1.14, P = 0.01) after MTEI; and in waist circumference after both MTEI (MD −1.87, 95% CI −3.02, −0.72, P = 0.001) and LTEI (MD −3.74, 95% CI −6.68, −0.79). Heterogeneity of effects among studies was moderate to low.

Conclusion:
Exercising for 3 to 4 months significantly lowered insulin levels and HOMA-IR values, BMI waist circumference, and percentage body fat mass; exercising for 6 to 12 months lowered waist circumference in postmenopausal women.
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy after Head and Neck Reconstructive Surgery
Authors: Mori Masanori , Nagashima Hayato , Akazawa Satoshi , Saegusa Noriko , Ichikawa Yuichi , Iida Kei , Yoshimura Kotaro , Nakagawa Masahiro 
Published: June 2017

Summary:
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a form of transient heart failure that clinically mimics acute coronary syndrome and is characterized by left ventricular wall motion abnormalities. The pathophysiology of TCM is not well established. TCM is often preceded by emotional or physical stress and may occur after surgery. We present 3 cases of TCM occurring after head and neck reconstructive surgery. Echocardiography plays a central role in the diagnosis of TCM. Left ventricular wall motion abnormalities extend beyond the territory of a single coronary artery. Coronary angiography and cardiac computed tomography can demonstrate the absence of coronary atherosclerosis and are useful for confirming the diagnosis of TCM. Particularly after reconstructive surgery, it is necessary to carefully monitor fluid replacement to avoid dehydration, which may compromise flap blood flow, although congestive heart failure is the most common complication of TCM. It is important to encourage ambulation as soon as possible, while considering the degree of cardiac impairment.
Predictors of Virologic Failure on First-line Antiretroviral Therapy Among Children in a Referral Pediatric Center in Cameroon
Authors: Njom Nlend Anne Esther , Motaze Annie Nga , Ndiang Suzie Tetang , Fokam Joseph 
Published: June 2017

Background:
Suboptimal response to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is common among children living with HIV (CLHIV) in resource-limited settings. We sought to assess virologic failure (VF), time for switching to second-line regimens and factors associated with VF in CLHIV receiving first-line ART in Cameroon.

Methods:
An observational cohort study was conducted in 375 CLHIV initiating a first-line ART and treated for ≥6 months at the National Social Insurance Fund Hospital in Yaoundé-Cameroon from 2009 to 2013. Using logistic regression, predictors of VF and delayed switch were assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Overall, 17% (64/375) CLHIV experienced VF on first-line ART after a median time of 28 (interquartile range: 22–38) months. After VF, median time to switching from first- to second-line ART was 20 (interquartile range: 8–24) months. In multivariate analysis, VF was associated with male gender (adjusted odds ratio: 0.36; 95% confidence interval: 0.19–0.71; P = 0.003), motherless children (adjusted odds ratio: 2.9; 95% confidence interval: 1.3–6.06; P = 0.005) and treatment with stavudine-containing compared with zidovudine-containing regimens (P = 0.022). Overall, male gender, orphanhood (motherless) and treatment with stavudine-containing regimens predicted VF at a rate of 70% (area under curve =0.70).

Conclusion:
VF on first-line pediatric ART is common, and switching children failing first-line to second-line ART is considerably delayed. These results suggest performance of pediatric ART program can be improved by targeting orphans, adapting counseling for male children, complete phasing-out of stavudine and ensuring timely switch to second-line regimens.
Coupling Timing of Interventions With Dose to Optimize Plasticity and Participation in Pediatric Neurologic Populations
Authors: Gannotti Mary E. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose:
The purpose of this article is to propose that coupling of timing of interventions with dosing of interventions optimizes plasticity and participation in pediatric neurologic conditions, specifically cerebral palsy. Dosing includes frequency, intensity, time per session, and type of intervention. Interventions focus on body structures and function and activity and participation, and both are explored. Known parameters for promoting bone, muscle, and brain plasticity and evidence supporting critical periods of growth during development are reviewed. Although parameters for dosing participation are not yet established, emerging evidence suggests that participation at high intensities has the potential for change. Participation interventions may provide an additional avenue to promote change through the life span. Recommendations for research and clinical practice are presented to stimulate discussions and innovations in research and practice.
Ride-On Car Training for Behavioral Changes in Mobility and Socialization Among Young Children With Disabilities
Authors: Huang Hsiang-han , Chen Yi-Mei , Huang Hsuan-Wen 
Published: June 2017

Purpose:
To characterize behavioral changes in mobility and socialization in children with disabilities aged 1 to 3 years while they are receiving ride-on car training in the hospital environment.

Methods:
Ten young children with motor disabilities received ride-on car training for 9 weeks (2 hours per session, 2 sessions per week). The driving and socialization behaviors were videotaped for 20 minutes per session (1 session per week) within the same period.

Results:
Independent mobility, visual attention to the switch, and positive facial expressions during the training period were significantly improved.

Conclusions:
Ride-on car training has positive effects on behavioral changes in mobility and socialization among young children with motor disabilities. This provides clinicians a novel option for implementing early mobility training in a hospital-based environment.
The Discriminative Values of the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score, C-Reactive Protein, and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Spondyloarthritis-Related Axial Arthritis
Authors: Tsang Helen Hoi Lun , Chung Ho Yin 
Published: June 2017

Objectives
The aims of this study were to determine the effectiveness of Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score–C-Reactive Protein (ASDAS-CRP), Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score–Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ASDAS-ESR), and inflammatory markers in screening for axial-joint inflammation as detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to find out factors that could affect scoring of the indices.

Methods
One hundred fifty-three Chinese spondyloarthritis patients were recruited. Clinical data and BASDAI were collected, and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index was measured. Serum ESR and CRP were checked, and ASDAS-ESR and ASDAS-CRP were calculated. Radiographs of cervical and lumbar spine were performed for modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score. All patients underwent MRI of the spine and sacroiliac joints. Axial-joint inflammation was evaluated by Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada MRI indices. Multivariate linear regressions were used to determine potential factors that could affect disease activity indices. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the effectiveness in screening for axial-joint inflammation.

Results
BASDAI was associated with current back pain (B = 0.89, P = 0.01), ASDAS-CRP with current back pain (B = 0.74, P = 0.04), and current dactylitis (B = 0.70, P = 0.03) ASDAS-ESR with current back pain (B = 0.95, P = 0.01), and current dactylitis (B = 0.99, 0.002). The ROC curve revealed that CRP was the only variable that successfully discriminated spondyloarthritis patients with and without axial-joint inflammation by MRI, although it had poor accuracy (area under the curve, 0.63; 95% confident interval, 0.53–0.72; P = 0.01).

Conclusions
Based on our results, MRI could be used to supplement traditional disease assessment tools for more accurate disease evaluation.
Is the Collapsibility Index of the Inferior Vena Cava an Accurate Predictor for the Early Detection of Intravascular Volume Change?
Authors: Gui Jianjun , Yang Zhengfei , Ou Bing , Xu Anding , Yang Fan , Chen Qiaozhu , Jiang Longyuan , Tang Wanchun 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
The ultrasonographic evaluation of inferior vena cava (IVC) parameters, particularly the collapsibility index (CI), has been widely used in the assessment of the fluid responsiveness of critically ill patients, but the results are conflicting. In this study, we aimed to investigate the early change in CI after increased intravascular volume (IVV) induced by passive leg raising (PLR). A total of 145 healthy volunteers over 18 years old were enrolled between September and December in 2015. Before and 2 min after PLR, the maximum and minimum IVC diameters (maxIVC and minIVC) were measured by color Doppler ultrasonography, and the difference in CI (ΔCI) was calculated. The heart rate (HR) and noninvasive mean arterial pressure (MAP) were also monitored. We found that there was a significant increase in the mean maxIVC and minIVC values and a reduction in CI. Nevertheless, no significant differences in HR or MAP were observed before or 2 min after PLR. The baseline CI had no relationship with individual characteristics and a multiple linear regression analysis of the ΔCI and individual characteristics showed that age, baseline CI, and BMI were independent variables for ΔCI. In conclusion, IVC-CI measured by ultrasound is useful for the detection of early IVV change induced by 2 min PLR. However, its ability to detect the increased IVV value is influenced by age, BMI, and baseline CI. Moreover, only 50.3% of the subjects had an IVC-CI reduction of more than 10%, making IVC-CI of little value for clinical applications, due to its poor sensitivity.
An integral role for timing in interception
Authors: Chang Chia-Jung , Jazayeri Mehrdad 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTiming is critical for myriad behaviors in dynamic environments. For example, to intercept an object, the brain must compute a reliable estimate of time-to-contact (TTC). Prior work suggests that humans compute TTC using kinematic information such as distance and speed without explicitly relying on temporal cues, just as one would do in a physics classroom using kinematic equations. Considering the inherent uncertainty associated with estimates of speed and distance and the ability of human brain to combine different sources of information, we asked whether humans additionally rely on temporal cues. We found that humans actively integrate speed information with both explicit and implicit timing cues. Analysis of behavior in relation to a Bayesian model revealed that the additional temporal information helps subjects optimize their performance in the presence of measurement uncertainty. These findings suggest that brain’s timing mechanisms are actively engaged while interacting with dynamic stimuli.
The effect of chronic and acute stressors, and their interaction, on gonadal function: an experimental test during gonadal recrudescence
Authors: Abolins-Abols Mikus , Hanauer Rachel E. , Rosvall Kimberly A. , Peterson Mark P. , Ketterson Ellen D. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractOrganisms are expected to invest less in reproduction in response to a stressor, but theory predicts that this effect should depend on the frequency of stressors in the environment. Here we investigated how an acute stressor affected gonadal function in a songbird, and how long-term differences in the stress environment influenced these acute stress responses. We exposed male Dark-eyed Juncos (Junco hyemalis) either to chronic or minimal (control) disturbance during gonadal recrudescence, after which we measured baseline testosterone, testosterone after an acute handling stressor, and the ability to elevate testosterone in response to hormonal stimulation. In a 2x2 design, we then euthanized males from the two chronic treatment groups either immediately or after an acute stressor to investigate the effect of these treatments on the gonadal transcriptome. We found that chronically disturbed birds had marginally lower testosterone. The acute stressor suppressed testosterone in control birds, but not in the chronic disturbance group. The ability to elevate testosterone did not differ between the chronic treatments. Surprisingly, chronic disturbance had a weak effect on the testicular transcriptome, and did not affect transcriptomic response to the acute stressor. The acute stressor, on the other hand, upregulated cellular stress response, and affected expression of genes associated with hormonal stress-response. Overall, we show that both chronic and acute stressors affect reproductive function, and that chronic stress changes how acute stressors affect testosterone physiology. Our findings also suggest that acute and chronic stressors affect testes differently, and that gonadal function is relatively robust to long-term stressors.Summary statementAn acute stressor downregulated testosterone production, but this effect was absent in chronically disturbed birds. The acute stressor had a strong effect on the gonadal transcriptome, whereas chronic disturbance had a negligible effect.
Examining open government data (OGD) usage in India through UTAUT framework
Authors: Saxena Stuti , Janssen Marijn 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the use and acceptance of open government data (OGD) of different stakeholder groups in India.

Design/methodology/approach
Following an empirical investigation among 244 respondents in India, the paper deploys path analysis via LISREL. The conceptual construction of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework is used to assess the behavioral intention to use and accept OGD. Multiple regression analysis informs the relationship of demographic variables with the behavioral intention to use and accept OGD.

Findings
Path analysis showed that there is an increased use and acceptance of OGD among the respondents. Multiple regression analysis shows that men are more likely to use open data sets than women. Individual differences are found among the respondents with regard to OGD usage. Thus, while men may tap open data sets in line with their purposes and professional backgrounds, women are likely to tap the data sets even for non-professional purposes. Furthermore, the respondents who are younger in age are more behaviorally inclined to accepting and using OGD than their older counterparts.

Practical implications
The Indian government needs to popularize and familiarize OGD initiatives among the people to a greater extent. The utilitarian value of OGD may be provided when data sets are more user-friendly, frequently updated and accurate. This would facilitate in better provision of public services besides appreciating the public sentiment. Further, with increased interaction between citizens and the government, public accountability and transparency may be better realized.

Social implications
The study shows that different groups of people are engaging in tapping information through government websites and related portals. Societal influence was found to be an important factor which predicts the acceptance and usage of OGD. An infrastructure can help to enable the use of OGD.

Originality/value
Hitherto, studies have focused on OGD initiatives in the developed countries, but extant literature is scarce on developing countries. Therefore, this study seeks to fill the literature gap by probing OGD use and acceptance among different stakeholder groups in India.