bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hidden influence? Unmasking conflicts of interest from randomized clinical trials on spinal cord stimulation for chronic pain
Authors: D'Souza Ryan S , Klasova Johana , Kleppel Donald J , Prokop Larry , Hussain Nasir 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundRandomized clinical trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard for evaluating the efficacy of healthcare interventions. However, conflicts of interest (COIs) can compromise the scientific integrity in these trials. This study characterized COIs in RCTs on spinal cord stimulation for chronic pain, focusing on the prevalence, disclosure, and monetary value of COIs.MethodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed RCTs published from January 1, 2013 to July 27, 2023. Primary outcomes included the presence, disclosure, and monetary value of COIs, while secondary outcomes assessed the presence of direct/indirect COIs, sponsor access to data, and associations between COIs and select variables, including journal impact factor, publication year, and study outcomes.ResultsOf 38 RCTs, 30 (78.9%) reported COIs. On average, 35.6% of authors per RCT had at least one COI, with a mean of 0.7 COIs per author. The mean annual monetary value of COIs was US$41,157.83 per author per RCT. 29 RCTs (76.3%) had undisclosed COIs, with an average of 24.2% of authors per RCT having undisclosed COIs. Sponsor access to data was reported in 67.6% of RCTs. No associations were observed between the mean percentage of authors with COIs and the monetary value of COIs and select dependent variables (impact factor, publication year, and study outcomes).ConclusionsA substantial majority of RCTs reported COIs with many authors having undisclosed conflicts, highlighting the need for stringent COI disclosure guidelines to maintain research integrity. Expanding COI registry systems globally and increasing non-industry funding are crucial steps toward enhancing transparency and reducing biases in medical research.
Methotrexate treatment hampers induction of vaccine-specific CD4 T cell responses in patients with IMID
Authors: Kummer Laura Y L , Fernández Blanco Laura , Kreher Christine , Bos Amélie , Kuijper Lisan H , Verstegen Niels J M , van de Sandt Carolien E , Konijn Veronique A L , Duurland Mariël C , Menage Charlotte , Jorritsma Tineke , Steenhuis Maurice , Hagen Ruth R , van den Dijssel Jet , de Jongh Rivka , Ashhurst Tom , van Gils Marit J , Garcia-Vallejo Juan J , Claireaux Mathieu , Stalman Eileen W , van Dam Koos P J , Wieske Luuk , Boekel Laura , Wolbink Gertjan , Tas Sander W , Rispens Theo , Kuijpers Taco W , Eftimov Filip , van Ham Sija Marieke , ten Brinke Anja 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesMethotrexate (MTX) is one of the most commonly used medications to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the effect of MTX treatment on cellular immune responses remains incompletely understood. This raises concerns about the vulnerability of these patients to emerging infections and following vaccination.MethodsIn the current study, we investigated the impact of MTX treatment in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory disease on B and CD4 T cell SARS-CoV-2 vaccination responses. Eighteen patients with RA and two patients with psoriatic arthritis on MTX monotherapy were included, as well as 10 patients with RA without immunosuppressive treatment, and 29 healthy controls. CD4 T and B cell responses were analysed 7 days and 3–6 months after two SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccinations. High-dimensional flow cytometry analysis was used to analyse fresh whole blood, an activation-induced marker assay to measure antigen-specific CD4 T cells, and spike probes to study antigen-specific B cells.ResultsSeven days following two SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations, total B and T cell counts were similar between MTX-treated patients and controls. In addition, spike-specific B cell frequencies were unaffected. Remarkably, the frequency of antigen-specific CD4 T cells was reduced in patients using MTX and correlated strongly with anti-RBD IgG antibodies. These results suggest that decreased CD4 T cell activity may result in slower vaccination antibody responses in MTX-treated patients.ConclusionTaken together, MTX treatment reduces vaccine-induced CD4 T cell activation, which correlates with lower antibody responses.Trial registration numberNL8900.
Constraints on metric-Palatini gravity from QPO data
Authors: Ghorani Elham , Mitra Samik , Rayimbaev Javlon , Puliçe Beyhan , Atamurotov Farruh , Abdujabbarov Ahmadjon , Demir Durmuş 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this work, we study metric-Palatini gravity extended by the antisymmetric part of the affine curvature. This gravity theory leads to general relativity plus a geometric Proca field. Using our previous construction of its static spherically-symmetric AdS solution (Eur Phys J. C 83(4):318, 2023), we perform a detailed analysis in this work using the observational quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs) data. To this end, we use the latest data from stellar-mass black hole GRO J1655-40, intermediate-mass black hole in M82-X1, and the super-massive black hole in SgA* (our Milky Way) and perform a Monte-Carlo-Markov-Chain (MCMC) analysis to determine or bound the model parameters. Our results shed light on the allowed ranges of the Proca mass and other parameters. The results imply that our solutions can cover all three astrophysical black holes. Our analysis can also be extended to more general metric-affine gravity theories.
CYG$$\nu $$S: detecting solar neutrinos with directional gas time projection chambers
Authors: Lisotti Chiara , O’Hare Ciaran A. J. , Baracchini Elisabetta , Bashu Victoria U. , Bignell Lindsey J. , Dastgiri Ferdos , Ghrear Majd , Lane Gregory J. , McKie Lachlan J. , McNamara Peter C. , Torelli Samuele 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCygnus is a proposed global network of large-scale gas time projection chambers (TPCs) with the capability of directionally detecting nuclear and electron recoils at $$\gtrsim $$
≳
keV energies. The primary focus of Cygnus so far has been the detection of dark matter, with directional sensitivity providing a means of circumventing the so-called “neutrino fog”. However, the excellent background rejection and electron/nuclear recoil discrimination provided by the 3-dimensional reconstruction of ionisation tracks could turn the solar neutrino background into an interesting signal in its own right. For example, directionality would facilitate the simultaneous spectroscopy of multiple different flux sources. Here, we evaluate the possibility of measuring solar neutrinos using the same network of gas TPCs built from 10 m$$^3$$

3

-scale modules operating under conditions that enable simultaneous sensitivity to both dark matter and neutrinos. We focus in particular on electron recoils, which provide access to low-energy neutrino fluxes like pp, pep, $$^7$$

7

Be, and CNO. An appreciable event rate is already detectable in experiments consisting of a single 10 m$$^3$$

3

module, assuming standard fill gases such as CF$$_4$$

4

mixed with helium at atmospheric pressure. With total volumes around 1000 m$$^3$$

3

or higher, the TPC network could be complementary to dedicated neutrino observatories, whilst entering the dark-matter neutrino fog via the nuclear recoil channel. We evaluate the required directional performance and background conditions to observe, discriminate, and perform spectroscopy on neutrino events. We find that, under reasonable projections for planned technology that will enable 10–30-degree angular resolution and $$\sim 10$$

∼
10

% fractional energy resolution, Cygnus could be a competitive directional neutrino experiment.
Maximum entropy spectral analysis: an application to gravitational waves data analysis
Authors: Martini Alessandro , Schmidt Stefano , Ashton Gregory , Del Pozzo Walter 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe maximum entropy spectral analysis (MESA) method, developed by Burg, offers a powerful tool for spectral estimation of a time-series. It relies on Jaynes’ maximum entropy principle, allowing the spectrum of a stochastic process to be inferred using the coefficients of an autoregressive process AR(p) of order p. A closed-form recursive solution provides estimates for both the autoregressive coefficients and the order p of the process. We provide a ready-to-use implementation of this algorithm in a Python package called , characterized through power spectral density (PSD) analysis on synthetic data with known PSD and comparisons of different criteria for stopping the recursion. Additionally, we compare the performance of our implementation with the ubiquitous Welch algorithm, using synthetic data generated from the GW150914 strain spectrum released by the LIGO-Virgo-Kagra collaboration. Our findings indicate that Burg’s method provides PSD estimates with systematically lower variance and bias. This is particularly manifest in the case of a small (O(5000)) number of data points, making Burg’s method most suitable to work in this regime. Since this is close to the typical length of analysed gravitational waves data, improving the estimate of the PSD in this regime leads to more reliable posterior profiles for the system under study. We conclude our investigation by utilising MESA, and its particularly easy parametrisation where the only free parameter is the order p of the AR process, to marginalise over the interferometers noise PSD in conjunction with inferring the parameters of GW150914
Thermoluminescence and kinetic parameters of irradiated dopant calcium aluminate nanophosphors
Authors: El-Faramawy Nabil , Salah Abeer , Farouk Shrouk 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCaAl2O4:0.1% La nanoparticles doped with different concentrations of Mg were prepared using the sol–gel method and annealed at 400 °C, 500 °C, and 800 °C, respectively. The prepared nanophosphors show a highly crystalline orthorhombic structure with a crystallite size of about 81.2 nm. The optimum concentration of Mg dopants is about 0.7 mol%. The thermoluminescence (TL) glow curve of 11 Gy of beta-ray irradiated CaAl2O4:0.1% La:0.7% Mg measured at heating rates of 5 K/s has 16 overlapping glow peaks. The TL kinetic parameters for the prepared nanoparticles were evaluated using two different methods and they exhibited good agreement. Moreover, the linearity dose response of dosimetric peaks follows a good linearity up to 220 Gy in nanophosphor. The minimum detectable dose of the prepared nanophosphor was 125.7 mGy. The results of the prepared nanophosphors suggest good candidates for dosimetric applications.
Graphical abstract
AZD8055 Is More Effective Than Rapamycin in Inhibiting Proliferation and Promoting Mitochondrial Clearance in Erythroid Differentiation
Authors: Liu Qian , Hao Tao , Lin Ze , Fang Yipeng , Li Lei , Huang Daqi , Wu Jianbo , Zhao Yanchao , Zhang Xin 
Published: October 2024

Background: As an important downstream effector of various signaling pathways, mTOR plays critical roles in regulating many physiological processes including erythropoiesis. It is composed of two distinct complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, which differ in their components and downstream signaling effects. Our previous study revealed that the inhibition of mTORC1 by rapamycin significantly repressed the erythroid progenitor expansion in the early stage but promoted enucleation and mitochondria clearance in the late stage of erythroid differentiation. However, the particular roles and differences of mTORC1 and mTORC2 in the regulation of erythropoiesis still remain largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the comparative effects of dual mTORC1/mTORC2 mTOR kinase inhibitor AZD8055 and mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin on erythroid differentiation in K562 cells induced by hemin and erythropoiesis in β‐thalassemia mouse model.Materials and Methods: In vitro erythroid differentiation model of hemin‐induced K562 cells and β‐thalassemia mouse model were treated with AZD8055 and rapamycin. Cell Counting Kit‐8 was used to detect cell viability. The cell proliferation, cell cycle, erythroid surface marker expression, mitochondrial content, and membrane potential were determined and analyzed by flow cytometry and laser scanning confocal microscopy. Globin gene expression during erythroid differentiation was measured by RT‐qPCR. The mTORC2/mTORC1 and autophagy pathway was evaluated using western blotting.Results: Both AZD8055 and rapamycin treatments increased the expression levels of the erythroid differentiation‐specific markers, CD235a, α‐globin, γ‐globin, and ε‐globin. Notably, AZD8055 suppressed the cell proliferation and promoted the mitochondrial clearance of hemin‐induced K562 cells more effectively than rapamycin. In a mouse model of β‐thalassemia, both rapamycin and AZD8055 remarkably improve erythroid cell maturation and anemia. Moreover, AZD8055 and rapamycin treatment inhibited the mTORC1 pathway and enhanced autophagy, whereas AZD8055 enhanced autophagy more effectively than rapamycin. Indeed, AZD8055 treatment inhibited both mTORC2 and mTORC1 pathway in hemin‐induced K562 cells.Conclusion: AZD8055 is more effective than rapamycin in inhibiting proliferation and promoting mitochondrial clearance in erythroid differentiation, which might provide us one more therapeutic option other than rapamycin for ineffective erythropoiesis treatment in the future. These findings also provide some preliminary information indicating the roles of mTORC1 and mTORC2 in erythropoiesis, and further studies are necessary to dissect the underlying mechanisms.
FDA Approval Summary: Capecitabine Labeling Update under Project Renewal
Authors: Agrawal Sundeep , Lee Clara , Pierce William F. , Everhart Elizabeth , King-Ducre Adriene , Royce Melanie , Osgood Christy L. , Amiri-Kordestani Laleh , Chiu Haw-Jyh , Ricks Tiffany K. , Pan Lili , Fourie Zirkelbach Jeanne , Charlab Rosane , Pacanowski Michael , Kim Tamy , Pazdur Richard , Kluetz Paul G. , Gao Jennifer J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
On December 14, 2022, the FDA approved revisions to the United States Prescribing Information (USPI) for capecitabine that revised existing indications and dosage regimens, added new indications and their recommended dosage regimens, revised safety information, updated the description of the risk of capecitabine in patients with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency, and edited other sections of the USPI to conform with FDA’s current labeling guidance. These supplements were reviewed and approved under Project Renewal, a public health initiative established by the FDA’s Oncology Center of Excellence that aims to update the prescribing information of certain older oncology drugs to ensure information is clinically meaningful and scientifically up to date. This article summarizes the FDA approach that supported revisions to the capecitabine USPI within the context of Project Renewal.
A Preoperative Window-of-Opportunity Study of Oral SERD, Imlunestrant, in Newly Diagnosed ER-Positive, HER2-Negative Early Breast Cancer: Results from the EMBER-2 Study
Authors: Neven Patrick , Stahl Nicole , Vidal Maria , Martín Miguel , Kaufman Peter A. , Harbeck Nadia , Hunt Kelly K. , Carter Stacey , Bidard Francois-Clement , Fasching Peter A. , Aftimos Philippe , Wheatley Duncan , Hamilton Erika , Aft Rebecca , Kulkarni Swati , Schmid Peter , Bhave Manali , Ismail-Khan Roohi , Karacsonyi Claudia , Estrem Shawn T. , Nguyen Bastien , Ozbek Umut , Yuen Eunice , Rodrik-Outmezguine Vanessa , Ciruelos Eva 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Imlunestrant is an oral selective estrogen receptor degrader with favorable safety and preliminary efficacy in patients with advanced breast cancer. Pharmacodynamic (PD) biomarker data can optimize drug dosing; in this study, we present PD data from the EMBER-2 study.

Patients and Methods:
Postmenopausal women with untreated, operable estrogen receptor (ER)–positive, HER2-negative early breast cancer were randomized to 400 versus 800 mg of imlunestrant daily for ∼2 weeks before surgery. A single arm study tested a daily dose of 200 mg. PD biomarker changes (ER, progesterone receptor, Ki-67 by IHC, and mRNA expression of ER-related genes) were evaluated in paired tumor samples (pre-/posttreatment). Safety and pharmacokinetics were also assessed.

Results:
Among evaluable paired samples (n = 75), PD profiles demonstrated consistent ER targeting between 400- and 800-mg doses, with less toxicity at the 400-mg dose. Although inducing the lowest rate of complete cell-cycle arrest, PD and pharmacokinetic results were similar for the 200-mg dose.

Conclusions:
EMBER-2 combined with existing phase I data has identified 400 mg as the optimal imlunestrant dose.
A new texture descriptor for handwritten document writer identification
Authors: Lazrak Said , Sadiq Abbelalim , Semma Abdelillah , Hannad Yaˆacoub 
Published: October 2024

<p class="p1">Writer identification is a critical task in the realm of pattern classification, aimed at determining the authorship of a manuscript based on labeled handwriting sam- ples. This area has <span class="s1">g</span>arnered considerable attention from researchers and has seen significant ad<span class="s2">v</span>ancements in the last t<span class="s1">w</span>o decade<span class="s1">s</span>, propelled by the inte- gration of n<span class="s1">ov</span>el computer vision and machine learning algorithms. Commonl<span class="s3">y</span>, approaches within this fi<span class="s4">e</span>ld rely on calculating local t<span class="s1">e</span>xture descriptors of im- ages. In this <span class="s1">w</span>ork, we propose a n<span class="s1">ov</span>el local t<span class="s1">e</span>xture descriptor method, termed multi-points local binary patterns (MP-LBP), which is an enhancement of the traditional local binary patterns (LBP) descripto<span class="s5">r</span>. Our approach i<span class="s6">n</span><span class="s2">v</span>ol<span class="s1">v</span>es apply- ing the M<span class="s1">P</span>-LBP descriptor to patches surrounding Harris <span class="s1">ke</span>y points and aggre- <span class="s1">g</span>ating the image descriptors into encoded <span class="s1">v</span>ectors using the <span class="s1">v</span>ector of locally ag- gr<span class="s1">eg</span>ated descriptors (VLAD) encoding method. These <span class="s1">v</span>ectors are subsequently classified by a ball tree classifier to associate the document with the most plau- sible write<span class="s5">r</span>. <span class="s7">T</span>o assess the effica<span class="s1">c</span>y of our descripto<span class="s6">r</span>, we conducted <span class="s2">ev</span>aluations on fi<span class="s8">v</span>e publicly accessible handwritten databases: CVL, CE<span class="s6">R</span>UG-EN, CE<span class="s6">R</span>UG- CH, BFL, and IAM. The results of these tests pr<span class="s1">o</span>vide insights into the perfo<span class="s2">r</span>- mance of the MP-LBP descriptor in the cont<span class="s1">e</span>xt of writer identification.</p><p> </p>
Transliteration and translation of Hindi language using integrated domain-based Auto-encoder
Authors: K Vathsala M , Lingareddy Sanjeev C. 
Published: October 2024

The main objective of translation is to translate words' meanings from one language to another; in contrast, transliteration does not translate any contextual meanings between languages. Transliteration, as opposed to translation, just considers the individual letters that make up each word. In this paper an Integrated deep neural network transliteration and translation model (NNTT) based autoencoder model is developed. The model is segmented into transliteration model and translation model; the transliteration involves the process of converting text from one script to another evaluated on the Dakshina dataset wherein Hindi typically uses a sequence-to-sequence model with an attention mechanism, the translation model is trained to translate text from one language to another. Translation models regularly use a sequence-to-sequence model performed on the WAT (Workshop on Asian Translation) 2021 dataset with an attention mechanism, similar to the one used in the transliteration model for Hindi. The proposed NNTT model merges the in-domain and out-domain frameworks to develop a training framework so that the information is transferred between the domains. The results evaluated show that the proposed model works effectively in comparison with the existing system for the Hindi language.
Installation of Public Access Defibrillators for Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrests: Identifying Suitable Locations by Using a Geographic Information System
Authors: Chen Chen‐Bin , Wang Ming‐Fang , Seak Chen‐June , Chien Liang‐Tien , Chaou Chung‐Hsien , Chang Yu‐Tung , Ng Chip‐Jin , Tsai Li‐Heng , Huang Chien‐Hsiung , Cheng Tzu‐Heng , Yen Chieh‐Ching , Chung Pei‐Li , Chien Cheng‐Yu 
Published: October 2024

Background
Survival following an out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest depends on prompt defibrillation. Despite the efforts made to install automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in crowded areas, their usage rate remains suboptimal. This study evaluated the efficiency of installing AEDs at key landmarks in Taoyuan City to enhance accessibility and usage.

METHODS AND RESULTS
This retrospective cohort study analyzed nontraumatic public out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest cases in Taoyuan City from 2017 to 2021, using data from the Taoyuan Fire Department and a regional registry. AED data were collected for 1163 devices. A geographic information system mapped target locations within the city, and real‐world walking routes were examined to assess coverage. The primary outcome was actual coverage and the coverage efficiency ratio, calculated as the actual coverage divided by the number of facilities at a location. The coverage efficiency ratio compared the coverage efficiency of target locations with existing public access defibrillators (PADs). Top locations for superior coverage in both downtown and outside downtown areas were bus stops and convenience stores (7‐Eleven and FamilyMart), which outperformed existing PADs. Convenience stores had a higher coverage efficiency ratio than the public service sector. Bus stops showed high AED usage rates before ambulance arrival.

Conclusions
The current PAD locations in Taoyuan City offer limited coverage, which highlights the need for strategically installed AEDs, particularly in convenience stores. Policymakers should consider using the cultural relevance and accessibility of convenience stores, particularly 7‐Eleven branches, to enhance AED usage rates.