bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Handoff Practices in Emergency Medicine: Are We Making Progress?
Authors: Hern H. Gene , Gallahue Fiona E. , Burns Boyd D. , Druck Jeffrey , Jones Jonathan , Kessler Chad , Knapp Barry , Williams Sarah ,   Representing the Council of Residency Directors, Transitions of Care Task Force
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjectivesTransitions of care present a risk for communication error and may adversely affect patient care. This study addresses the scope of current handoff practices amongst U.S. emergency medicine (EM) residents. In addition, it evaluates current educational and evaluation practices related to handoffs. Given the ever‐increasing emphasis on transitions of care in medicine, we sought to determine if interval changes in resident transition of care education, assessment, and proficiency have occurred.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional survey study guided by the Kern model for medical curriculum development. The Council of Residency Directors Listserv provided access to 175 programs. The survey focused on elucidating current practices of handoffs from emergency physicians (EPs) to EPs, including handoff location and duration, use of any assistive tools, and handoff documentation in the emergency department (ED) patient's medical record. Multiple‐choice questions were the primary vehicle for the response process. A four‐point Likert‐type scale was used in questions regarding perceived satisfaction and competency. Respondents were not required to answer all questions. Responses were compared to results from a similar 2011 study for interval changes.ResultsA total of 127 of 175 programs responded to the survey, making the overall response rate 72.6%. Over half of respondents (72 of 125, 57.6%) indicated that their ED uses a standardized handoff protocol, which is a significant increase from 43.2% in 2011 (p = 0.018). Of the programs that do have a standardized system, a majority (72 of 113, 63.7%) of resident physicians use it regularly. Significant increases were noted in the number of programs offering formal training during orientation (73.2% from 59.2%; p = 0.015), decreases in the number of programs offering no training (2.4% from 10.2%; p = 0.013), and no assessment of proficiency (51.5% from 69.8%; p = 0.006). No significant interval changes were noted in handoffs being documented in the patient's medical record (57.4%), the percentage of computer/electronic signouts, or the level of dissatisfaction with handoff tools (54.1%). Less than two‐thirds of respondents (80 of 126, 63.5%) indicated that their residents were “competent” or “extremely competent” in delivering and receiving handoffs.ConclusionsAn insufficient level of handoff training is currently mandated or available for EM residents, and their handoff skills appear to be developed mostly informally throughout residency training with varying results. Programs that have created a standardized protocol are not ensuring that the protocol is actually being employed in the clinical arena. Handoff proficiency most often goes unevaluated, although it is improved from 2011.
Central administration of the anorexigenic peptide neuromedin U decreases alcohol intake and attenuates alcohol‐induced reward in rodents
Authors: Vallöf Daniel , Ulenius Lisa , Egecioglu Emil , Engel Jörgen A. , Jerlhag Elisabet 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBy investigating the neurochemical mechanisms through which alcohol activates the brain reward systems, novel treatment strategies for alcohol use disorder (AUD), a chronic relapsing disease, can be developed. In contrast to the common view of the function of gut–brain peptides, such as neuromedin U (NMU), to regulate food intake and appetite, a novel role in reinforcement mediation has been implied. The anorexigenic effects of NMU are mediated via NMU2 receptors, preferably in the arcuate nucleus and paraventricular nucleus. The expression of NMU2 receptors is also expressed in several reward‐related areas in the brain, suggesting a role in reward regulation. The present experiments were therefore set up to investigate the effect of intracerebroventricular administration of NMU on alcohol‐mediated behaviors in rodents. We found that central administration of NMU attenuated alcohol‐induced locomotor stimulation, accumbal dopamine release and the expression of conditioned place preference in mice. In addition, NMU dose dependently decreased alcohol intake in high, but not in low, alcohol‐consuming rats. Central NMU administration did not alter the blood alcohol concentrations nor change the corticosterone levels in rodents. Given that AUD is a major health‐care challenge causing an enormous cost to society and novel treatment strategies are warranted, our data suggest that NMU analogues deserve to be evaluated as novel treatment of AUD in humans.
Periocular Mohs micrographic surgery in Western Australia 2009–2012: A single centre retrospective review and proposal for practice benchmarks
Authors: O'Halloran Louise , Smith Harvey , Vinciullo Carl 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesPeriocular skin tumours pose management challenges with literature supporting a multidisciplinary approach. This retrospective review identifies trends in multidisciplinary management, ascertaining potential benchmarks for practice review.MethodsA retrospective review of 720 patients with periocular tumours, treated with Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) at a single free standing Day Surgery Facility between 2009 and 2012.ResultsIn all, 690 patients were included, with mean age 65 and slight male preponderance. Basal cell carcinoma was the most commonly excised tumour (85.4%) and lower eyelid most common tumour site (58%). Of the cases repaired by Mohs surgeons, 2% involved more than one cosmetic subunit, compared with 23% by oculoplastic surgeons. Of the cases repaired by MMS, 1% had eyelid margin involvement, compared with 64% of the cases by oculoplastic surgeons. Mean preoperative lesion size for cases repaired by Mohs and oculoplastic surgeons was 0.5 cm2. Mean postoperative defect size was smaller for cases repaired by Mohs surgeons compared with oculoplastic surgeons (1.5 and 1.9 cm2). Mean number of stages was less for Mohs surgeon repairs (n = 1.5) compared with oculoplastic surgeon repairs (n = 1.9). Cases repaired by oculoplastic surgeons were more often combination repairs.ConclusionsThis study identifies potential benchmarks for Mohs surgeons when reviewing or establishing a periocular Mohs surgery practice and for doctors referring periocular tumours for surgical removal. These include the proportion of periocular cases managed jointly and the location, size of defect and number of stages involved in tumors repaired by Mohs surgeon alone compared to those repaired by oculoplastic surgeons.
Confocal and dermoscopic features of basal cell carcinoma in Gorlin–Goltz syndrome: A case report
Authors: Casari Alice , Argenziano Giuseppe , Moscarella Elvira , Lallas Aimilios , Longo Caterina 
Published: January 2016

AbstractGorlin–Goltz (GS) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disease linked to a mutation in the PTCH gene. Major criteria include the onset of multiple basal cell carcinoma (BCC), keratocystic odontogenic tumours in the jaws and bifid ribs. Dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy represent imaging tools that are able to increase the diagnostic accuracy of skin cancer in a totally noninvasive manner, without performing punch biopsies. Here we present a case of a young woman in whom the combined approach of dermoscopy and RCM led to the identification of multiple small inconspicuous lesions as BCC and thus to the diagnosis of GS syndrome.
Kant on the Emotion of Love
Authors: Arroyo Christopher 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAlthough recent Kant scholarship has focused on Kant's treatment of various emotions, one that has not received much attention is love. There are three main reasons for this. First, Kant does not have a single, sustained analysis of the emotion of love; what he does say appears scattered throughout his corpus. Second, Kant identifies a number of different kinds of love, and it is not always clear which kinds are emotions or how the different kinds of love are related. Finally, in general Kant is quite critical of the emotion of love, and his critical remarks seem not to fit with the intuitions of some people when it comes to some of the more positive instances of love (e.g., the love a parent has for a child). In this paper I pursue two related aims. First, I identify and sort out the different kinds of love in Kant's writings, and I address a particular difficulty of interpretation, namely the status of love of human beings (Menschenliebe) in Kant's writings. Second, I argue that, despite Kant's criticisms of the emotion of love, he views it as an expression of our unsocial sociability, and it plays a positive and indispensible role in the moral development of human beings.
Engaging clinicians in motivational interviewing: Comparing online with face‐to‐face post‐training consolidation
Authors: Clancy Richard , Taylor Andrew 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMotivational interviewing (MI) is an evidence‐based intervention that has been widely recommended in clinical settings where consumer behaviour change is a goal of treatment. Training clinicians in MI, as with other translational endeavours, does not always result in changes to clinical practice. The present study compares two post‐training approaches to consolidate MI skills following a training workshop. We randomly assigned 63 clinicians working in mental health or drug and alcohol services to receive either face‐to‐face group consolidation sessions or to access a series of online consolidation resources. We compared clinician engagement and devised a new instrument to measure clinician outcomes. Participants who completed follow‐up consolidation retained knowledge, attitudes, and practices, regardless of consolidation method. Face‐to‐face consolidation sessions were superior to online materials in engaging participants (mean sessions attended was 2.1 (maximum possible = 3) compared to a mean of 1.38 sessions, respectively (t(61) = −2.73, P = 0.008, d = 0.72, 95% confidence interval: 0.19–1.25). Engagement to the completion of consolidation sessions was also influenced by previous training in MI. For every additional hour of previous MI training, there was a 10% increase in the odds that the participant would complete the final consolidation session.
Temporal patterns of change in vital signs and Cardiac Arrest Risk Triage scores over the 48 hours preceding fatal in‐hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Oh HyunSoo , Lee KangIm , Seo WhaSook 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAimTo determine temporal patterns of vital sign and Cardiac Arrest Risk Triage score changes over the 48‐hour period preceding cardiac arrest in an ICU setting.BackgroundVital sign instability usually occurs prior to cardiac arrest. However, few studies have been conducted on the temporal patterns of individual vital signs preceding cardiac arrest.DesignA retrospective case–control study.MethodsThe study subjects were 140 ICU patients (1 June 2011–31 December 2012): 46 died of cardiac arrest (case group), 45 died of other illnesses (control I group) and 49 were discharged after recovering (control II group).ResultsInitial detectable changes in blood pressure appeared 18‐20 hours and became dramatic at 5‐10 hours before cardiac arrest. Noticeable changes in heart rates began at 4 hours and became more prominent at 2 hours pre‐arrest. No apparent patterns in respiratory rate changes were observed. Body temperatures usually indicated a hypothermic state pre‐arrest. Cardiac Arrest Risk Triage scores were 16‐18 at 48 hours pre‐arrest and then continuously increased to 20. Only mean values of systolic blood pressures were significantly different between the three study groups. Mean diastolic blood pressures, heart rates, respiratory rates and Cardiac Arrest Risk Triage scores differed between the case and control II groups and between the control I and II groups.ConclusionThe study demonstrates vital sign instability preceded cardiac arrest and that the temporal patterns of changes in individual vital signs and Cardiac Arrest Risk Triage scores differed between groups. The findings of this study may aid the development of management strategies for cardiac arrest.
Cerebral microglia activation in hepatitis C virus infection correlates to cognitive dysfunction
Authors: Pflugrad H. , Meyer G.‐J. , Dirks M. , Raab P. , Tryc A. B. , Goldbecker A. , Worthmann H. , Wilke F. , Boellaard R. , Yaqub M. , Berding G. , Weissenborn K. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may induce chronic fatigue and cognitive dysfunction. Virus replication was proven within the brain and HCV‐positive cells were identified as microglia and astrocytes. We hypothesized that cerebral dysfunction in HCV‐afflicted patients is associated with microglia activation. Microglia activation was assessed in vivo in 22 patients with chronic HCV infection compared to six healthy controls using [11C]‐PK11195 Positron Emission Tomography (PET) combined with magnetic resonance tomography for anatomical localization. Patients were subdivided with regard to their PCR status, Fatigue Impact Scale score (FIS) and attention test sum score (ATS). A total of 12 patients (54.5%) were HCV PCR positive [of which 7 (58.3%) had an abnormal FIS and 7 (58.3%) an abnormal ATS], 10 patients (45.5%) were HCV PCR negative (5 (50%) each with an abnormal FIS or ATS). Patients without attention deficits showed a significantly higher accumulation of [11C]‐PK11195 in the putamen (P = 0.05), caudate nucleus (P = 0.03) and thalamus (P = 0.04) compared to controls. Patients with and without fatigue did not differ significantly with regard to their specific tracer binding in positron emission tomography. Preserved cognitive function was associated with significantly increased microglia activation with predominance in the basal ganglia. This indicates a probably neuroprotective effect of microglia activation in HCV‐infected patients.
Esophagogastric junction contractile integral (EGJ‐CI) quantifies changes in EGJ barrier function with surgical intervention
Authors: Wang D. , Patel A. , Mello M. , Shriver A. , Gyawali C. P. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundEsophagogastric junction contractile integral (EGJ‐CI) assesses EGJ barrier function on esophageal high resolution manometry (HRM). We assessed EGJ‐CI values in achalasia and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) to determine if postoperative EGJ‐CI changes reflected surgical intervention.MethodsTwenty‐one achalasia patients (42.8 ± 3.2 years, 62% F) with HRM before and after Heller myotomy (HM) and 68 GERD patients (53.9 ± 1.8 years, 66% F) undergoing antireflux surgery (ARS) were compared to 21 healthy controls (27.6 ± 0.6 years, 52% F). Esophagogastric junction contractile integral (mmHg.cm) was calculated using the distal contractile integral measurement across the EGJ, measured above the gastric baseline and corrected for respiration. Pre and postsurgical EGJ‐CI and conventional lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) metrics were compared within and between these groups using non‐parametric tests. Correlation between EGJ‐CI and conventional LESP metrics was assessed.Key ResultsBaseline EGJ‐CI was higher in achalasia compared to GERD (p < 0.001) or controls (p = 0.03). Esophagogastric junction contractile integral declined by 59.2% after HM in achalasia (p = 0.001), and increased by 26.3% after ARS in GERD (p = 0.005). End‐expiratory and basal LESP decreased by 74.5% and 64.5% with HM, but increased by only 17.8% and 4.3% with ARS. Differences were noted between Dor vs Toupet fundoplication in achalasia (p = 0.007), and partial vs complete ARS in GERD (p = 0.03). Esophagogastric junction contractile integral correlated modestly with both end‐expiratory and basal LESP (Pearson's r of 0.8 for all), but was less robust in GERD (0.7).Conclusions & InferencesEsophagogastric junction contractile integral has clinical utility in assessing EGJ barrier function at baseline and after surgical intervention to the EGJ, and could complement conventional EGJ metrics.
Prosthetic Mesh for Obliteration of the Nephrosplenic Space in Horses: 26 Clinical Cases
Authors: Burke Megan J. , Parente Eric J. 
Published: January 2016

ObjectiveTo report surgical complications, occurrence of post‐obliteration colic, long term outcome, and return to previous function for horses treated with prosthetic mesh obliteration of the nephrosplenic space.Study DesignRetrospective study.AnimalsHorses (n = 26) having nephrosplenic space obliteration using prosthetic mesh.MethodsHorses undergoing mesh obliteration between January 2006 and May 2013 were included. A Proxplast™ mesh was secured to the nephrosplenic space with titanium helical coils in standing horses using laparoscopic technique. Perioperative data were obtained from the medical record and by telephone followup. Tests of proportion were used to compare the study population to the hospital colic population. Occurrence of colic within 1 year of obliteration was compared between horses where the diagnosis was confirmed at laparotomy and those diagnosed by abdominal palpation per rectum using a Fisher's exact test.ResultsAll 26 horses undergoing mesh obliteration during the study period survived to discharge. Long term followup was available for 25 horses, with 23 returning to their previous level of function, and 21 alive at the time of followup. Cause of death was not associated with the surgical procedure in any case. Geldings and Warmbloods were overrepresented compared to the hospital colic population. Ten horses (38%) demonstrated colic after mesh obliteration. All 10 horses were examined by a veterinarian and none were diagnosed with recurrence of nephrosplenic entrapment.ConclusionMesh obliteration of the nephrosplenic space is an effective alternative to suture closure for preventing nephrosplenic entrapment of the large colon in horses. No complications related to mesh obliteration were reported in our study population.
Genome Sequence of Listeria monocytogenes Strain F6540 (Sequence Type 360) Collected from Food Samples in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Gnaneshan Saravanamuttu , Hsueh Ya-Chih , Liang Lindsay , Teatero Sarah , Fittipaldi Nahuel , Mallo Gustavo V. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Comparative genomic analysis between pathogenic and nonpathogenic
Listeria monocytogenes
strains provides a good model for studying the virulence of this organism. Here, we report the genome sequence of the nonpathogenic
L. monocytogenes
strain F6540 (sequence type 360) identified specifically in food samples in Ontario, Canada, in 2010.
Genome Sequence of a Typical Ultramicrobacterium,
Curvibacter
sp. Strain PAE-UM, Capable of Phthalate Ester Degradation
Authors: Ma Dan , Hao Zhenyu , Sun Rui , Bartlam Mark , Wang Yingying 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Curvibacter
sp. strain PAE-UM, isolated from river sediment, is a typical ultramicrobacterium capable of phthalate ester degradation. The genome of
Curvibacter
sp. PAE-UM consists of 3,284,473 bp, and its information will provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying its degradation ability.
Draft Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus farciminis NBRC 111452, Isolated from Kôso, a Japanese Sugar-Vegetable Fermented Beverage
Authors: Chiou Tai-Ying , Oshima Kenshiro , Suda Wataru , Hattori Masahira , Takahashi Tomoya 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the
Lactobacillus farciminis
strain NBRC 111452, isolated from kôso, a Japanese sugar-vegetable fermented beverage. This genome information is of potential use in studies of
Lactobacillus farciminis
as a probiotic.
Draft Genome Sequence of Actinobaculum massiliense Strain FC3
Authors: Beye Mamadou , Bakour Sofiane , Labas Noémie , Raoult Didier , Fournier Pierre-Edouard 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Actinobaculum massiliense
strain FC3 was isolated from the urine of a patient with acute cystitis. The 2.06-Mb genome of strain FC3 contains 17 toxin/antitoxin modules and 9 bacteriocin-encoding genes that may play a role in virulence. The genome also exhibits 693 genes acquired by lateral gene transfer.
Complete Genome Sequence of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Isolated in Mexico
Authors: Muñoz-Medina J. E. , Monroy-Muñoz I. E. , Santos Coy-Arechavaleta A. , Meza-Chávez A. , Ángeles-Martínez J. , Anguiano-Hernández Y. M. , Santacruz-Tinoco C. E. , González-Ibarra J. , Martínez-Miguel B. , Alvarado-Yaah J. E. , Palomec-Nava I. D. , Ortiz-Alcántara J. M. , Garcés-Ayala F. , Ramírez-González J. E. , Díaz-Quiñonez J. A. , González-Bonilla C. R. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a member of the
Paramyxoviridae
family, which causes lower respiratory tract infections in neonates and children younger than 5 years. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of HRSV, isolated from a nasopharyngeal swab of a pregnant woman with cardiac complications.
Whole-Genome Sequence of a Beijing Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clinical Isolate from Buenaventura, Colombia
Authors: Alvarez N. , Haft D. , Hurtado U. A. , Robledo J. , Rouzaud F. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Extensively drug-resistant
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(XDR-TB) has been reported to the WHO by 100 countries, including Colombia. An estimated 9.0% of people with multidrug-resistant TB have XDR-TB. We report the genome sequence of a Beijing XDR-TB clinical isolate from Buenaventura, Colombia. The genome sequence is composed of 4,298,162 bp with 4,359 genes.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Selenite- and Tellurite-Reducing Marine Bacterium,
Lysinibacillus
sp. Strain ZYM-1
Authors: Zhao Yonghe , Dong Yuxuan , Zhang Yiwen , Che Lin , Pan Haixia , Zhou Hao 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Lysinibacillus
sp. ZYM-1, a Gram-positive strain isolated from marine sediments, reduces selenite and tellurite efficiently. Meanwhile, it also exhibits high resistance to Zn2+ and Mn2+. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of strain ZYM-1, which contains genes related to selenite and tellurite reduction and also metal resistance.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Algoriphagus
sp. Strain NH1, a Multidrug-Resistant Bacterium Isolated from Coastal Sediments of the Northern Yellow Sea in China
Authors: Mu Dashuai , Zhao Jinxin , Wang Zongjie , Chen Guanjun , Du Zongjun 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Algoriphagus
sp. NH1 is a multidrug-resistant bacterium isolated from coastal sediments of the northern Yellow Sea in China. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of NH1, with a size of 6,131,579 bp, average G+C content of 42.68%, and 5,746 predicted protein-coding sequences.