bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF BANANA PEELS AS AN ADDITIVE ON THE TRIBOLOGICAL PROPORTIES OF PARAFFIN OIL
Authors: Hamid A. H. , Masripan N. A. B. , Basiron J. , Mustafa M. M. B. , Hasan R. , Abdollah M. F. B. , Ismail R. 
Published: December 2015

In this preliminary studies, friction and wear properties of banana peel as a natural additive in paraffin oil was performed and evaluate using four-ball tester. Inverted microscope then was used to measure the wear scar diameter on ball bearing. Coefficient of friction, µ and wear significantly reduced at high load, temperature and speed. At 100 ºC, the load of 500 and 1000 N, the COF values reduces from 0.1163 to 0.1012 and 0.1235 to 0.1174 respectively. At the same condition, WSD was found to decrease from 4.81 x 10-4 mm3 to 2.33 x 10-4 mm3 and 4.99 x 10-4 mm3 to 2.75 x 10-4 mm3 at 500 and 1000 rpm respectively.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FUZZY-PID VERSUS FUZZY FOR QUADCOPTER ALTITUDE LOCK SYSTEM
Authors: Wicaksono Hendi , Gunawan Yohanes , Yodinata Arbil , Leonardie Leonardie 
Published: December 2015

Mostly quadcopter has a flight controller to receive signal from remote control to control four brushless motor speed. In this paper, the researchers introduced a new control method to make quadcopter altitude lock system using Fuzzy-PID and perform a comparative performance analysis between the Fuzzy controller and the new Fuzzy-PID controller. Fuzzy controller has ability to solve uncertainty within the system, by incorporating with altitude sensor data. On the other hand, Fuzzy-PID has the ability to gain the target level with Kp, Ki, Kd values controlled. In this paper the researchers present an analysis to compare the control method between Fuzzy and Fuzzy-PID with regards to the stability altitude lock system. The stability of the altitude lock system can be measured by how small the oscillations occurred. Fuzzy control has shown to produce better result than Fuzzy-PID control. Fuzzy control has 14 cm as its average oscillation, while Fuzzy-PID recorded 24 cm as its average oscillation.
THE EFFECT OF JAMMING ATTACK DETECTION AND MITIGATION ON ENERGY POWER CONSUMPTION (CASE STUDY IEEE 802.11 WIRELESS AD HOC NETWORK)
Authors: Kushardianto Nur Cahyono , Kusnanto Yudhi , Syafrurizal Elvian , Tohari Ahmad Hamim 
Published: December 2015

Quality of Service for data traffic is an important facet of a network, which in the case of a wireless network can easily be disrupted by applying a device to broadcast signals. The authors believe that the increased of the energy consumption, when a jamming attack occurs, can be used as a guiding indicator in order to mitigate the attack. The authors show that when a reactive jamming attack occurs on a wireless network unmitigated, it can easily block the entire data traffic to the point there is no data can be delivered. The authors also show that, using NS3 simulation, in an event where a reactive jamming attack to the network happened, the source of the attack can be identified through the increased of energy consumption , and successfully mitigated by avoiding sending data traffic through the same channel used by the attacker, by executing channel hopping.
PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF DENOISING METHODS FOR HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS
Authors: Muchallil Sayed , Arnia Fitri , Munadi Khairul , Fardian Fardian 
Published: December 2015

Image denoising plays an important role in image processing. It is also part of the pre-processing technique in a binarization complete procedure that consists of pre-processing, thresholding, and post-processing. Our previous research has confirmed that the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)-based filtering as the new pre-processing process improved the performance of binarization output in terms of recall and precision. This research compares three classical denoising methods; Gaussian, mean, and median filtering with the DCT-based filtering. The noisy ancient document images are filtered using those classical filtering methods. The outputs of this process are used as the input for Otsu, Niblack, Sauvola and NICK binarization methods. Then the resulted binary images of the three classical methods are compared with those of DCT-based filtering. The performance of all denoising algorithms is evaluated by calculating recall and precision of the resulted binary images. The result of this research is that the DCT based filtering resulted in the highest recall and precision as compared to the other methods.
PROTEIN PROFILING OF DIFFERENT PLANT TISSUES FROM HERB PHYLLANTHUS NIRURI
Authors: Mohd Nail Ainul Mardhiah , Md Zin Noor Hasniza 
Published: December 2015

Herb Phyllanthus niruri (P. niruri) is known to have various pharmacological functions including anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-hypertensive and also anti-diabetic properties. In this research, the proteomic part of P. niruri was studied to determine the bioactive peptides that responsible for specific characteristics. Total soluble proteins from different plant parts of freshly collected P. niruri were extracted using TCA/acetone method and then quantified using Bradford assay. Fruits part was found to have a significantly higher amount of proteins (4.91µg/µl + 0.21) compared to leaves (4.18µg/µl + 0.15). To determine the quality of proteins in the crude extract, SDS-Page was carried out which separates proteins in the basis of molecular weight. Proteins extracted from leaves were widely distributed between the range of 3.5 kDa to 160 kDA. Meanwhile, proteins in fruits mainly distributed within the range of 15 kDa to 80 kDa. The most highly expressed protein band was found in fruit, located in between 30 to 40 kDa. The protein extracts were then further analyzed based on the molecular weight and isoelectric points using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-GE) approach. Based on the profile pattern obtained from 2D-GE analysis, protein extract from fruits seems to express more protein spots compared to protein extract from leaves. Protein spots from fruit are seen to be intensely resolved within pH 4 to 10 at molecular weight between 10 kDa to 80 kDa. On the other hand, protein spots from leaves were moderately resolved at pH 4 to 10 at molecular weight within 10 kDa to 50 kDa.
Predicting the risk of sudden cardiac death
Authors: Lerma Claudia , Glass Leon 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSudden cardiac death (SCD) is the result of a change of cardiac activity from normal (typically sinus) rhythm to a rhythm that does not pump adequate blood to the brain. The most common rhythms leading to SCD are ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF). These result from an accelerated ventricular pacemaker or ventricular reentrant waves. Despite significant efforts to develop accurate predictors for the risk of SCD, current methods for risk stratification still need to be improved. In this article we briefly review current approaches to risk stratification. Then we discuss the mathematical basis for dynamical transitions (called bifurcations) that may lead to VT and VF. One mechanism for transition to VT or VF involves a perturbation by a premature ventricular complex (PVC) during sinus rhythm. We describe the main mechanisms of PVCs (reentry, independent pacemakers and abnormal depolarizations). An emerging approach to risk stratification for SCD involves the development of individualized dynamical models of a patient based on measured anatomy and physiology. Careful analysis and modelling of dynamics of ventricular arrhythmia on an individual basis will be essential in order to improve risk stratification for SCD and to lay a foundation for personalized (precision) medicine in cardiology.
image
Irreducible posterolateral dislocation of the knee: a case report
Authors: Solarino Giuseppe , Notarnicola Angela , Maccagnano Giuseppe , Piazzolla Andrea , Moretti Biagio 
Published: December 2015

Irreducible posterolateral dislocations of the knee are rare lesions, generally caused by high-energy trauma inducing rotational stress and a posterior and lateral displacement of the tibia.In these conditions, the interposition of abundant soft tissue inside the enlarged medial joint space prevents spontaneous reduction or non-surgical treatment by manipulation of the dislocation. Surgical treatment is therefore compulsory.We report the clinical case of a woman who suffered a subluxation of the knee while jogging. The case we describe is of interest because it shows that even less severe knee dislocations, like this subluxation caused by a low-velocity sports trauma, may present in an irreducible form requiring open surgery. Clinical-instrumental monitoring did not reveal any signs of vascular or nerve injury. Owing to the irreducibility of the lesion we were obliged to perform open surgery in order to free the joint from the interposed muscle tissue and repair medial capsule-ligament lesions. Repair of the damaged cruciate ligaments was deferred to a second stage, but ultimately rendered necessary by the persistence of joint instability and the need to address the patient’s functional needs. In the literature, different one- and two-step surgical options, performed by arthroscopy or arthrotomy, are reported for such related problems.The Authors discuss these various options and examine and discuss their own decision taken during the surgical work-up of this case.
Arte audiovisual como testimonio de las migraciones estratégicas y conceptuales entre la televisión e Internet en la cultura de la convergencia.
Authors: Morgado Aguirre Borja , López Martín Elena 
Published: December 2015

<p>El presente artículo pretende reflexionar acerca de ciertos cambios en las estrategias comunicativas de la televisión e Internet que afectan directamente a la sociedad (participación, edición, reestructuración del espacio emisor y receptor, compartición, etc.) a través del análisis de la producción artística audiovisual para evidenciar que ésta ha logrado tanto la absorción de las continuas innovaciones tecnológicas como la propuesta de nuevas formas de comunicación adoptadas, posteriormente, por estas industrias. Para ello, se ha desarrollado un trabajo de campo en el que se han seleccionado y analizado críticamente una serie de piezas artísticas que reflejan fielmente la evolución -en ocasiones paralela y en ocasiones tangencial- de las experimentaciones comunicativas, estratégicas, sociales y conceptuales de los medios en cuestión (televisión e Internet), hasta llegar al actual horizonte de las nuevas tecnologías multipantalla. Estas últimas, y siguiendo a José Luis Brea, se basan en un Internet que consideramos “televisizado” y una televisión que, a su vez, podríamos denominar “internetizada”. Sin duda, la historia del arte audiovisual a partir del siglo XX se puede considerar un testigo fiel e incluso, en casos concretos, un catalizador de los acontecimientos que han marcado el desarrollo de estos medios de comunicación de masas.</p>
Atmospheric Stability Influences on Coupled Boundary Layer and Canopy Turbulence
Authors: Patton Edward G. , Sullivan Peter P. , Shaw Roger H. , Finnigan John J. , Weil Jeffrey C. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractLarge-eddy simulation of atmospheric boundary layers interacting with a coupled and resolved plant canopy reveals the influence of atmospheric stability variations from neutral to free convection on canopy turbulence. The design and implementation of a new multilevel canopy model is presented. Instantaneous fields from the simulations show that organized motions on the scale of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) depth bring high momentum down to canopy top, locally modulating the vertical shear of the horizontal wind. The evolution of these ABL-scale structures with increasing instability and their impact on vertical profiles of turbulence moments and integral length scales within and above the canopy are discussed. Linkages between atmospheric turbulence and biological control impact horizontal scalar source distributions. Decreasing spatial correlation between momentum and scalar fluxes with increasing instability results from ABL-scale structures spatially segregating momentum and scalar exchange at canopy top. In combination, these results suggest the need for roughness sublayer parameterizations to incorporate an additional length or time scale reflecting the influence of ABL-scale organized motions.
Immune status of high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma patients and its therapeutic modulation under LenDex: a longitudinal analysis
Authors: Paiva Bruno , Mateos María Victoria , Sanchez-Abarca Luis Ignacio , Puig Noemi , Vidriales María-Belén , López-Corral Lucía , Corchete Luis A. , Hernandez Miguel T. , Bargay Joan , de Arriba Felipe , de la Rubia Javier , Teruel Ana-Isabel , Giraldo Pilar , Rosiñol Laura , Prosper Felipe , Oriol Albert , Hernández José , Esteves Graça , Lahuerta Juan José , Bladé Joan , Perez-Simon Jose Antonio , San Miguel Jesús F. 
Published: December 2015

Key Points
High-risk SMM patients’ immune status is mildly impaired as compared with age-matched healthy individuals. High-risk SMM patients can be effectively immunomodulated by lenalidomide, even when combined with low-dose dexamethasone.
Long-term remote organ consequences following acute kidney injury
Authors: Shiao Chih-Chung , Wu Pei-Chen , Huang Tao-Min , Lai Tai-Shuan , Yang Wei-Shun , Wu Che-Hsiung , Lai Chun-Fu , Wu Vin-Cent , Chu Tzong-Shinn , Wu Kwan-Dun ,   on behalf of the National Taiwan University Hospital Study Group on Acute Renal Failure (NSARF) and the Taiwan Consortium for Acute Kidney Injury and Renal Diseases (CAKs)
Published: December 2015

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) has been a global health epidemic problem with soaring incidence, increased long-term risks for multiple comorbidities and mortality, as well as elevated medical costs. Despite the improvement of patient outcomes following the advancements in preventive and therapeutic strategies, the mortality rates among critically ill patients with AKI remain as high as 40–60 %. The distant organ injury, a direct consequence of deleterious systemic effects, following AKI is an important explanation for this phenomenon. To date, most evidence of remote organ injury in AKI is obtained from animal models. Whereas the observations in humans are from a limited number of participants in a relatively short follow-up period, or just focusing on the cytokine levels rather than clinical solid outcomes. The remote organ injury is caused with four underlying mechanisms: (1) “classical” pattern of acute uremic state; (2) inflammatory nature of the injured kidneys; (3) modulating effect of AKI of the underlying disease process; and (4) healthcare dilemma. While cytokines/chemokines, leukocyte extravasation, oxidative stress, and certain channel dysregulation are the pathways involving in the remote organ damage. In the current review, we summarized the data from experimental studies to clinical outcome studies in the field of organ crosstalk following AKI. Further, the long-term consequences of distant organ-system, including liver, heart, brain, lung, gut, bone, immune system, and malignancy following AKI with temporary dialysis were reviewed and discussed.
A shared mechanism of muscle wasting in cancer and Huntington's disease
Authors: Mielcarek Michal , Isalan Mark 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSkeletal muscle loss and dysfunction in aging and chronic diseases is one of the major causes of mortality in patients, and is relevant for a wide variety of diseases such as neurodegeneration and cancer. Muscle loss is accompanied by changes in gene expression and metabolism that lead to contractile impairment and likely affect whole‐body metabolism and function. The changes may be caused by inactivity, inflammation, age‐related factors or unbalanced nutrition. Although links with skeletal muscle loss have been found in diseases with disparate aetiologies, for example both in Huntington's disease (HD) and cancer cachexia, the outcome is a similar impairment and mortality. This short commentary aims to summarize recent achievements in the identification of common mechanisms leading to the skeletal muscle wasting syndrome seen in diseases as different as cancer and HD. The latter is the most common hereditary neurodegenerative disorder and muscle wasting is an important component of its pathology. In addition, possible therapeutic strategies for anti‐cachectic treatment will be also discussed in the light of their translation into possible therapeutic approaches for HD.
The effect of mercuric chloride treatment as biocide for herbaria on the indoor air quality
Authors: Havermans John , Dekker René , Sportel Ron 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
One of the most previous conservation treatments for plant specimen in herbarium collections was mercuric chloride (HgCl2). However, due time HgCl2 may decompose and it may cause (metallic) mercury (Hg) emission. Hg vapour in indoor air should be avoided as mercury poisoning can already occur at levels of 6 μg/m3. Both field and laboratory studies were carried out while the Hg concentration was analysed in the air. Field studied included analysis of the indoor air in the repository and analysis of the concentration inside a herbarium box. Subsequently lab experiments were carried out on measuring the Hg emission using a small scale emission chamber. The lab studies proved that the emission of Hg from collections is according to the theories of Hoetjer–Berger–Fuji and therefore it can be seen as a continuous emission. Field studies concluded that workers and visitors may be subjected to a high mercury concentration in the repositories. Opening a herbarium box may even cause a peak concentration of over 80 μg/m3. The highest concentration observed in the repositories was 13 μg/m3. Although this value is lower than the official Dutch threshold levels of 20 μg/m3 (time weight average over 8 h for work places), this concentration has to be considered as high. Based on the lab studies, it can be concluded that by adjusting the ventilation rate in work rooms and repositories, the mercury concentration indoor can be lowered drastically and improve the indoor air quality. However care should to be taken when opening herbarium boxes, due to possible high mercury emission.
Multiple Beneficial Roles of Repressor of Estrogen Receptor Activity (REA) in Suppressing the Progression of Endometriosis
Authors: Zhao Yuechao , Chen Yiru , Kuang Ye , Bagchi Milan K. , Taylor Robert N. , Katzenellenbogen John A. , Katzenellenbogen Benita S. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractEndometriosis is an estrogen-dependent, inflammation-driven gynecologic disorder in which endometrial tissue creates inflammatory lesions at extrauterine sites, leading to pelvic pain and impaired fertility. Although dysregulated estrogen receptor (ER) signaling has been implicated, understanding of this disease is incomplete and current therapies are of limited benefit. Using an immunocompetent syngeneic murine model, we used combinations of donor uterine tissue and/or recipient host mice with partial genetic deletion of the ER coregulator, repressor of ER activity (REA) (also known as prohibitin 2), to investigate roles of REA in the contributions of donor uterine tissue and host cell influences on endometriosis establishment and progression. Ectopic lesions derived from donor tissue with half the wild-type gene dosage of REA (REA+/−) grown in REA+/− hosts displayed enhanced proliferation, vascularization, and markedly increased neuron innervation and inflammatory responses, including elevated cytokine production, nuclear factor kappa B activation, cyclooxygenase-2 expression, and immune cell infiltration. Although lesion progression was greatest when REA was reduced in both donor tissue and host animals, other donor/host combinations indicated that distinct stimulatory inputs were derived from ectopic tissue (proliferative signals) and host cells (inflammatory signals). Importantly, depletion of REA in primary human endometriotic stromal cells led to elevated proliferation and expression of cell cycle regulators. Notably, REA was significantly lower in human endometriotic tissue versus normal human endometrium. Thus, REA modulates cross talk among multiple cell types in the uterine tissue and host background, serving as a brake on the estradiol-ER axis and restraining multiple aspects that contribute to the pathologic progression of endometriosis.
The NK3 Receptor Antagonist ESN364 Suppresses Sex Hormones in Men and Women
Authors: Fraser Graeme L. , Ramael Steven , Hoveyda Hamid R. , Gheyle Lien , Combalbert Jean 
Published: December 2015

Context:
Women's health disorders are commonly treated by agents that suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. NK3 receptor antagonism modulates this axis with distinct pharmacology compared to existing therapies.

Objective:
The study aim was to evaluate safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics on gonadotropins and sex hormones after single- and multiple-dose administration of an NK3R antagonist to healthy men and women.

Design and Setting:
This was a first-in-human, double-blind, placebo-controlled, combined single and multiple ascending dose trial.

Participants:
Forty-one men and 24 regularly cycling women participated in the study.

Intervention(s):
In part 1 of the study, men received single oral doses of 3–180 mg or placebo. In part 2, men received placebo or 20, 60, or 180 mg each day for 10 days. In part 3, women received placebo or 20, 60, or 180 mg each day for 21 days, where dosing was initiated on day 3 ± 2 after menses.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics on circulating levels of LH, FSH, testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone, in addition to physiological biomarkers of endometrial thickening, follicle growth, and the duration of the menstrual cycle were evaluated.

Results:
ESN364 was well-tolerated and rapidly bioavailable with linear pharmacokinetics and no drug accumulation with repeated, daily oral administration. Drug treatment dose-dependently decreased basal LH, but not FSH, and consequently decreased estradiol and progesterone (in women) as well as testosterone (in men). The hormonal changes in women corresponded to delayed ovulation, decreased endometrial thickening, impeded follicular maturation, and prolongation of the menstrual cycle. Drug effects were rapidly reversible.

Conclusions:
Oral administration of the NK3R antagonist, ESN364, suppressed the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in healthy volunteers by selective modulation of gonadotropin secretion, leading to a restrained decrease in ovarian hormone levels in women. These results suggest that ESN364 may offer therapeutic benefit in the treatment of women's health disorders with a mitigated risk of menopausal-like adverse events.