bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precision Oncology: The UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center PREDICT Experience
Authors: Schwaederle Maria , Parker Barbara A. , Schwab Richard B. , Daniels Gregory A. , Piccioni David E. , Kesari Santosh , Helsten Teresa L. , Bazhenova Lyudmila A. , Romero Julio , Fanta Paul T. , Lippman Scott M. , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
By profiling their patients' tumors, oncologists now have the option to use molecular results to match patients with drug(s) based on specific biomarkers. In this observational study, 347 patients with solid advanced cancers and next-generation sequencing (NGS) results were evaluated. Outcomes for patients who received a “matched” versus “unmatched” therapy following their NGS results were compared. Eighty-seven patients (25%) were treated with a “matched” therapy, 93 (26.8%) with an “unmatched” therapy. More patients in the matched group achieved stable disease (SD) ≥ 6 months/partial response (PR)/complete response (CR), 34.5% vs. 16.1%, (P ≤ 0.020 multivariable or propensity score methods). Matched patients had a longer median progression-free survival (PFS; 4.0 vs. 3.0 months, P = 0.039 in the Cox regression model). In analysis using PFS1 (PFS on the prior line of therapy) as a comparator to PFS after NGS, as expected, the unmatched group demonstrated a PFS2 significantly shorter than PFS1 (P = 0.009); however, this shortening was not observed in the matched patients (P = 0.595). Furthermore, 45.3% of the matched patients (24/53) had a PFS2/PFS1 ratio ≥1.3 compared with 19.3% of patients (11/57) in the unmatched group (P = 0.004 univariable and P ≥ 0.057 in multivariable/propensity score analysis). Patients with a “matching-score” (the number of matched drugs divided by the number of aberrations; unmatched patients had a score of zero) &gt; 0.2 had a median overall survival (OS) of 15.7 months compared with 10.6 months when their matching-score was ≤ 0.2, (P = 0.040 in the Cox regression model). Matched versus unmatched patients had higher rates of SD ≥ 6 months/PR/CR and longer PFS, and improvement in OS correlated with a higher matching score in multivariable analysis. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(4); 743–52. ©2016 AACR.
High Expression of miR-532-5p, a Tumor Suppressor, Leads to Better Prognosis in Ovarian Cancer Both In Vivo and In Vitro
Authors: Wang Fan , Chang Jeremy T.-H. , Kao Chester Jingshiu , Huang R. Stephanie 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death for gynecologic cancers, ranking fifth overall for cancer-related death among women. The identification of biomarkers and the elucidation of molecular mechanisms for improving treatment options have received extensive efforts in ovarian cancer research. miRNAs have high potential to act as both ovarian cancer biomarkers and as critical regulators of ovarian tumor behavior. We comprehensively analyzed global mRNA, miRNA expression, and survival data for ovarian cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to pinpoint miRNAs that play critical roles in ovarian cancer survival through their effect on mRNA expression. We performed miRNA overexpression and gene knockdown experiments to confirm mechanisms predicted in our bioinformatics approach. We established that overexpression of miR-532-5p in OVCAR-3 cells resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability over a 96-hour time period. In the TCGA ovarian cancer dataset, we found 67 genes whose expression levels were negatively correlated with miR-532-5p expression and correlated with patient survival, such as WNT9A, CSNK2A2, CHD4, and SH3PXD2A. The potential miR-532-5p–regulated gene targets were found to be enriched in the Wnt pathway. Overexpression of miR-532-5p through miRNA mimic caused downregulation of CSNK2A2, CHD4, and SH3PXD2A in the OVCAR-3 cell line. We have discovered and validated the tumor-suppressing capabilities of miR-532-5p both in vivo through TCGA analysis and in vitro through ovarian cancer cell lines. Our work highlights the potential clinical importance of miR-532-5p expression in ovarian cancer patients. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(5); 1123–31. ©2016 AACR.
Apoptotic Cells Release IL1 Receptor Antagonist in Response to Genotoxic Stress
Authors: Chwee Jyh Yun , Khatoo Muznah , Tan Nikki Yi Jie , Gasser Stephan 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Apoptosis is a controlled means of eliminating damaged cells without causing an inflammatory response or tissue damage. The mechanisms that contribute to the suppression of an inflammatory response upon apoptosis of cells are poorly understood. Here, we report that apoptotic cells release the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RA). The release of IL1RA depended on the DNA damage response, caspase 9, and caspase 3. De novo translation, classical secretion pathways, or N-glycosylation was not required for the release of IL1RA. The amounts of IL1RA released by apoptotic cells impaired IL1-induced expression of IL6. In summary, we demonstrate that the release of IL1RA in response to genotoxic stress contributes to the immunosuppressive effects of apoptotic cells. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(4); 294–302. ©2016 AACR.
Looked after young people: Reducing health inequalities through an evidence- and theory-informed intervention
Authors: Dale Hannah , Watson Lorna , Adair Pauline , Humphris Gerry 
Published: February 2016

Objective: The study aimed to design and evaluate a health behaviour change intervention for looked after young people, targeting sexual health, smoking, exercise, healthy eating and non-dependent alcohol and drug use. Design: A pre–post intervention evaluation was undertaken exploring health behaviours and wellbeing. Methodology: The one-to-one intervention was individually tailored to each person. Young people eligible for the intervention were aged 11 years and over and were ‘looked after’, meaning they were under a supervision order with a local authority in Scotland, or were a care leaver. A total of 144 young people referred to the intervention service between March 2009 and January 2014 were eligible for the evaluation. Evaluation data were analysed using standard statistical tests on SPSS. Results: Behaviour change techniques, including goal setting, action planning, barrier identification/problem solving and motivational interviewing contributed to improvements in all areas. Difficulties with consent and follow-up were highlighted as barriers to effective evaluation. Conclusion: Improving the current health of looked after young people with a view to prevent future ill health using a tailored intervention with behaviour change techniques enables this group to improve health behaviours, despite numerous challenges in working with these vulnerable clients.
Desisting from Crime in Emerging Adulthood
Authors: Hill Jessica M. , Blokland Arjan A. J. , van der Geest Victor R. 
Published: February 2016

Objectives: Test whether Moffitt’s theory of adolescence-limited offenders, which contends that as young people enter adult roles they exit the “maturity gap” of adolescence and desist from crime, still applies given the changed nature of the early adult years. Examine whether spending time in adult roles remains a driver of desistance, and whether today’s emerging adults are at risk of experiencing a maturity gap between how adult they feel and the reality of their social situation. Methods: Using longitudinal data from a Dutch general population sample aged 18 to 24 years, fixed-effects models were run examining the effect of within-person changes in time spent in adult roles on self-reported delinquency and moderation of this effect by feelings of adultness. Results: The more time spent in adult roles, the less delinquency respondents consequently reported. This effect was moderated: When spending more time in adult roles and feeling more adult, higher delinquency was reported than when spending more time in adult roles and feeling less adult. Conclusions: Today’s emerging adults desist from delinquency in response to taking on adult roles. Possible interpretations for the unexpected qualification of this conclusion are discussed, as well as limitations such as the simplicity of our feeling adult measure.
Linking and using social media data for enhancing public health analytics
Authors: Ji Xiang , Chun Soon Ae , Cappellari Paolo , Geller James 
Published: February 2016

There is a large amount of health information available for any patient to address his/her health concerns. The freely available health datasets include community health data at the national, state, and community level, readily accessible and downloadable. These datasets can help to assess and improve healthcare performance, as well as help to modify health-related policies. There are also patient-generated datasets, accessible through social media, on the conditions, treatments, or side effects that individual patients experience. Clinicians and healthcare providers may benefit from being aware of national health trends and individual healthcare experiences that are relevant to their current patients. The available open health datasets vary from structured to highly unstructured. Due to this variability, an information seeker has to spend time visiting many, possibly irrelevant, Websites, and has to select information from each and integrate it into a coherent mental model. In this paper, we discuss an approach to integrating these openly available health data sources and presenting them to be easily understandable by physicians, healthcare staff, and patients. Through linked data principles and Semantic Web technologies we construct a generic model that integrates diverse open health data sources. The integration model is then used as the basis for developing a set of analytics as part of a system called ‘Social InfoButtons’, providing awareness of both community and patient health issues as well as healthcare trends that may shed light on a specific patient care situation. The prototype system provides patients, public health officials, and healthcare specialists with a unified view of health-related information from both official scientific sources and social networks, and provides the capability of exploring the current data along multiple dimensions, such as time and geographical location.
Stimulation of astrocyte fatty acid oxidation by thyroid hormone is protective against ischemic stroke-induced damage
Authors: Sayre Naomi L , Sifuentes Mikaela , Holstein Deborah , Cheng Sheue-yann , Zhu Xuguang , Lechleiter James D 
Published: February 2016

We previously demonstrated that stimulation of astrocyte mitochondrial ATP production via P2Y1 receptor agonists was neuroprotective after cerebral ischemic stroke. Another mechanism that increases ATP production is fatty acid oxidation (FAO). We show that in primary human astrocytes, FAO and ATP production are stimulated by 3,3,5 triiodo-l-thyronine (T3). We tested whether T3-stimulated FAO enhances neuroprotection, and show that T3 increased astrocyte survival after either hydrogen peroxide exposure or oxygen glucose deprivation. T3-mediated ATP production and protection were both eliminated with etomoxir, an inhibitor of FAO. T3-mediated protection in vitro was also dependent on astrocytes expressing HADHA (hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase/3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase/enoyl-CoA hydratase), which we previously showed was critical for T3-mediated FAO in fibroblasts. Consistent with previous reports, T3-treatment decreased stroke volumes in mice. While T3 decreased stroke volume in etomoxir-treated mice, T3 had no protective effect on stroke volume in HADHA +/− mice or in mice unable to upregulate astrocyte-specific energy production. In vivo, 95% of HADHA co-localize with glial-fibrillary acidic protein, suggesting the effect of HADHA is astrocyte mediated. These results suggest that astrocyte-FAO modulates lesion size and is required for T3-mediated neuroprotection post-stroke. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a neuroprotective role for FAO in the brain.
Outcomes After Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction for the Treatment of Recurrent Lateral Patellar Dislocations
Authors: Schneider Daniel K. , Grawe Brian , Magnussen Robert A. , Ceasar Adrick , Parikh Shital N. , Wall Eric J. , Colosimo Angelo J. , Kaeding Christopher C. , Myer Gregory D. 
Published: February 2016

Background: A patellar dislocation is a common knee injury in the young, athletic patient population. Recent trends indicate that the use of long-term nonoperative treatment is decreasing, and surgical intervention is more commonly recommended for those patients who fail initial nonoperative management with recurrent patellar dislocations. Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction has become increasingly utilized in this regard. Purpose: To evaluate outcomes, particularly return to sports and its relationship to postoperative instability, of isolated MPFL reconstruction for the treatment of recurrent patellar dislocations. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A review of the current literature was performed using the terms “medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction” and “MPFL reconstruction” in the electronic search engines PubMed and EBSCOhost (CINAHL, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus) on July 29, 2015, yielding 1113 abstracts for review. At the conclusion of the search, 14 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review of the literature. Means were calculated for population size, age, follow-up time, and postoperative Tegner scores. Pooled estimates were calculated for postoperative Kujala scores, return to play, total risk of postoperative instability, risk of positive apprehension sign, and risk of reoperation. Results: The mean patient age associated with MPFL reconstruction was 24.4 years, with a mean postoperative Tegner score of 5.7. The pooled estimated mean postoperative Kujala score was 85.8 (95% CI, 81.6-90.0), with 84.1% (95% CI, 71.1%-97.1%) of patients returning to sports after surgery. The pooled total risk of recurrent instability after surgery was 1.2% (95% CI, 0.3%-2.1%), with a positive apprehension sign risk of 3.6% (95% CI, 0%-7.2%) and a reoperation risk of 3.1% (95% CI, 1.1%-5.0%). Conclusion: A high percentage of young patients return to sports after isolated MPFL reconstruction for chronic patellar instability, with short-term results demonstrating a low incidence of recurrent instability, postoperative apprehension, and reoperations.
The Functional and Structural Outcomes of Arthroscopic Iliopsoas Release
Authors: Brandenburg Jacob B. , Kapron Ashley L. , Wylie James D. , Wilkinson Brandon G. , Maak Travis G. , Gonzalez Cristian D. , Aoki Stephen K. 
Published: February 2016

Background: Arthroscopic release of the iliopsoas tendon may alleviate pain associated with internal snapping hip, but previous reports of physical function, hip strength, and muscle atrophy after surgery are mixed. Hypothesis: The hips of patients who underwent arthroscopic iliopsoas release would demonstrate significantly reduced hip flexion strength and iliopsoas muscle volume when compared with their contralateral hips and the hips of patients who underwent hip arthroscopy without psoas release. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Eighteen patients who underwent hip arthroscopy with iliopsoas release for symptomatic internal snapping hip and concomitant femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and/or chondrolabral damage (release group) and 18 patients who underwent arthroscopy for FAI and/or chondrolabral damage without iliopsoas release (control group) were evaluated at a mean of 21 months (range, 16-30 months) postoperatively. Magnetic resonance images were performed and segmented to calculate iliopsoas volume. Isometric hip flexion strength was evaluated in the supine and seated positions with a custom testing apparatus. Differences between groups and differences between the operative and nonoperative limbs within groups were compared with unpaired and paired t tests, respectively. Results: In the release group, the iliopsoas muscle of the surgical limb was significantly smaller (288 ± 98 vs 384 ± 113 cm3, P < .001) and weaker in the seated position (13 ± 4.7 vs 17 ± 5.8 kg, P < .001) than the contralateral limb. Compared with the control group, the release group demonstrated a greater percentage decrease in iliopsoas volume on magnetic resonance imaging (−25% ± 9.1% vs −0.6% ± 4.6%, P < .001) and seated hip flexion strength (−19% ± 16% vs −3.9% ± 20%, P = .018) between the operative and contralateral limbs. There were no significant differences in supine strength between limbs or groups (all P > .168). Conclusion: Arthroscopic iliopsoas release results in iliopsoas atrophy with a 25% volume loss and a 19% reduction in seated hip flexion strength.
Multidisciplinary approach to breast angiosarcoma in an elderly patient: Repeated local relapses and significant objective responses
Authors: Mocerino Carmela , Iannaci Giuseppe , Sapere Patrizia , Luise Rossella , Canonico Silvestro , Gambardella Antonio 
Published: February 2016

Angiosarcomas are malignant tumors of endovascular origin, which may be divided into primary and secondary forms. Secondary breast angiosarcomas are an increasing problem, especially in patients treated with breast-conserving surgery followed by radiotherapy. We report a case of radiation-induced angiosarcoma of the breast in a 77-year-old woman who presented with a suspect lesion in her left breast. Excisional biopsy and subsequent immunohistochemical staining of the specimen was performed. Histological report was diagnostic for low–intermediate grade angiosarcoma. The tumor cells were diffusely positive for CD31 and CD34. We performed surgical resection with mastectomy. A multidisciplinary approach with bleomycin-based electrochemotherapy, radiation treatment, and chemotherapy with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin has been most useful to control subsequent local relapses. To date, the patient is under close observation and is performing well. No recurrence has been demonstrated after ending of chemotherapy.
Flibanserin
Authors: Vallejos Ximena , Wu Christine 
Published: February 2016

Objective: To review pivotal clinical trials, pharmacology, contraindications, precautions, and key patient education points of flibanserin for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women. Data Sources: A literature search of PubMed using the key words flibanserin and HSDD was conducted in September 2015. There was no time frame to exclude relevant clinical trials. All trials referenced were published between March 2012 and June 2014. Other relevant information was obtained from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Web site, press releases, prescribing information from the manufacturer, and ClinicalTrials.gov . Study Selection/Data Extraction: All articles in the English language and involving human subjects were reviewed. Data Synthesis: There are three 24-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials that evaluated the efficacy of flibanserin in North American premenopausal women with HSDD. There was 1 trial that studied the effects of flibanserin in postmenopausal women. In all of the trials, the investigators found statistical significant improvements in Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) desire domain score and satisfying sexual events (SSEs). The most frequently reported adverse events in all flibanserin arms of treatment were somnolence, dizziness, and nausea. Conclusion: Flibanserin, a novel, nonhormonal agent that modulates excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters was studied in premenopausal women and has shown efficacy in improving sexual desire and SSEs.
Efinaconazole and Tavaborole
Authors: Poulakos Mara , Grace Yasmin , Machin Jade D. , Dorval Erin 
Published: February 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to review the safety, efficacy, and role of efinaconazole and tavaborole in the treatment of onychomycosis. Summary: Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail caused by dermatophytes, yeasts, and nondermatophyte fungi. Distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis (DLSO) accounts for the majority of the cases. These infections cause structural damage to the nail which makes treatment difficult. Both oral and topical agents exist for the treatment of onychomycosis. Oral medications have generally been more effective, yet adverse effects and drug interactions limit their use in some patients. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved agents in the United States for oral therapies include terbinafine, itraconazole, and griseofulvin. The only topical product available up to recently was ciclopirox. Conclusion: This article will review efinaconazole and tavaborole, 2 new topical antifungal agents released in 2014.
The Association Between Pain and Quality of Life for Patients With Cancer in an Outpatient Clinic, an Inpatient Oncology Ward, and Inpatient Palliative Care Units
Authors: Mikan Fukiko , Wada Makoto , Yamada Michiko , Takahashi Ayaka , Onishi Hideki , Ishida Mayumi , Sato Kazuki , Shimizu Sachiko , Matoba Motohiro , Miyashita Mitsunori 
Published: February 2016

Purpose: This study was designed to clarify the association between pain and quality of life (QOL) of Japanese patients with cancer using a cancer-specific QOL scale (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer [EORTC] QLQ-C15-PAL) in 3 care settings (outpatient, inpatient, and palliative care units [PCUs]). Methods: We examined the above-mentioned purpose for the total of 404 patients. Results: In outpatients, physical, emotional functioning (EF), and global health status/QOL (QL item) were significantly correlated with average pain, and their correlation coefficients were −0.37 to −0.46 ( P < .0001). In inpatients, they were −0.33 ( P = .006), −0.26 ( P = .030), and −0.31 ( P = .012). In the PCU patients, they were −0.12 ( P = .316), −0.30 ( P = .009), and −0.28 ( P = .015). Conclusion: Patients’ pain had an association with physical and emotional QOL, and the association was smaller in the PCU patients than the others.
Assessing Circulating Factor VIIa–Antithrombin Complexes in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Pilot Study
Authors: Słomka Artur , Świtońska Milena , Sinkiewicz Władysław , Żekanowska Ewa 
Published: February 2016

Aim: The goal of this study was to determine the levels of factor VII (FVII), factor VIIa–antithrombin complexes (FVIIa-AT), total tissue factor (TF), and tissue factor-bearing microparticles (MPs-TF) in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Further, we sought evidence of an association between hemostatic markers, time of blood sampling, type of treatment, and patient outcomes. Methods: Venous blood samples were collected from 33 patients on the first day and on the seventh day after stroke diagnosis. Age-matched controls were also included (n = 20). Plasma levels of FVII, FVIIa-AT, total TF, and MPs-TF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We divided patients into 2 groups: thrombolysis group (n = 13) and nonthrombolysis group (n = 20). Furthermore, evaluation of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and the Barthel Index was performed on the first day and the seventh day. Results: Patients with ischemic stroke showed significantly lower plasma FVII, FVIIa-AT, and total TF levels than controls (median, 112.25% vs 132.05%, P = .004; 107.97 pmol/L vs 154.94 pmol/L, P < .001; 81.74 pg/mL vs 105.71 pg/mL, P < .001, respectively). In contrast, levels of plasma MPs-TF were significantly higher in patients with stroke compared to healthy controls (1.60 pg/mL vs 0.74 pg/mL, P < .001). Additionally, the thrombolysis group had lower FVII levels on the seventh day compared to the first day (median, 109.80% vs 115.74%, P = .04). Conclusion: Factor VII, FVIIa-AT, and total TF are decreased, while MPs-TF are elevated in patients with ischemic stroke. We observed a slight but significant effect of alteplase on FVII plasma levels.