bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of the prevalence and predictors of the double burden of malnutrition within households
Authors: Kosaka Satoko , Umezaki Masahiro 
Published: May 2017

AbstractRecently, increasing attention has been paid to the emergence of the double burden of malnutrition within households. We provide an overview of the literature regarding this phenomenon by reviewing previous studies of the prevalence of double-burden households and associated factors together with the research methods used. Studies were identified from the electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science, using the same search terms for both. A total of thirty-five articles met the eligibility criteria, and 367 sets of prevalence data were extracted. In all, thirty-four articles were published in 2000 or later; twenty-four used secondary data and twenty-five focused on mother–child pairs. The ages of children varied from 0 to 19 years. All the studies used BMI as a nutritional indicator for adults. For children, height-for-age was most frequently used, whereas weight-for-age, weight-for-height and BMI-for-age were also used in multiple studies. The reported national prevalence of double-burden households varied from 0·0 to 26·8 % by country and year; however, few studies were directly comparable, because of differences in the combinations of undernourished and overweight persons, age ranges, nutritional indicators and cut-off points. Whereas many focused on African countries, a few involved Asian countries. Although urban residence, income and education were frequently assessed, the role of intermediate factors in nutritional status, such as diet and physical activity, remains unclear. It is recommended that future studies use comparable indicators and cut-off points, involve Asian countries, and investigate individual diet and physical activity.
Calcium sensing receptor protects high glucose-induced energy metabolism disorder via blocking gp78-ubiquitin proteasome pathway
Authors: Wang Yuehong , Gao Ping , Wei Can , Li Hongzhu , Zhang Li , Zhao Yajun , Wu Bo , Tian Ye , Zhang Weihua , Wu Lingyun , Wang Rui , Xu Changqing 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDiabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major complication and fatal cause of the patients with diabetes. The calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) is a G protein-coupled receptor, which is involved in maintaining calcium homeostasis, regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, and so on. In our previous study, we found that CaSR expression, intracellular calcium levels and cardiac function were all significantly decreased in DCM rats; however, the exact mechanism are not clear yet. The present study revealed the protective role of CaSR in myocardial energy metabolism disorder induced by high glucose (HG) as well as the underlying mechanism. Here, we demonstrated that HG decreased the expression of CaSR, mitochondrial fusion proteins (Mfn1, Mfn2), cell gap junction related proteins (Cx43, β-catenin, N-cadherin), and intracellular ATP concentration. In contrast, HG increased extracellular ATP concentration, the expression of gp78, mitochondrial fission proteins (Fis1, Drp1), and the ubiquitination levels of Mfn1, Mfn2 and Cx43. Moreover, CaSR agonist and gp78-siRNA significantly reduced the above changes. Taken together, these results suggest that HG induces myocardial energy metabolism disorder via decrease of CaSR expression, and activation of gp78-ubiquitin proteasome system. In turn, these effects disrupt the structure and function of the mitochondria and the cell gap junction, result in the reduced ATP synthesis and the increased ATP leakage. Stimulation of CaSR significantly attenuates HG-induced abnormal myocardial energy metabolism, suggesting CaSR would be a promising potential therapeutic target for DCM.
Continuum understanding of twin formation near grain boundaries of FCC metals with low stacking fault energy
Authors: Jung Jaimyun , Yoon Jae Ik , Kim Jung Gi , Latypov Marat I. , Kim Jin You , Kim Hyoung Seop 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDeformation twinning from grain boundaries is often observed in face-centered cubic metals with low stacking fault energy. One of the possible factors that contribute to twinning origination from grain boundaries is the intergranular interactions during deformation. Nonetheless, the influence of mechanical interaction among grains on twin evolution has not been fully understood. In spite of extensive experimental and modeling efforts on correlating microstructural features with their twinning behavior, a clear relation among the large aggregate of grains is still lacking. In this work, we characterize the micromechanics of grain-to-grain interactions that contribute to twin evolution by investigating the mechanical twins near grain boundaries using a full-field crystal plasticity simulation of a twinning-induced plasticity steel deformed in uniaxial tension at room temperature. Microstructures are first observed through electron backscatter diffraction technique to obtain data to reconstruct a statistically equivalent microstructure through synthetic microstructure building. Grain-to-grain micromechanical response is analyzed to assess the collective twinning behavior of the microstructural volume element under tensile deformation. Examination of the simulated results reveal that grain interactions are capable of changing the local mechanical behavior near grain boundaries by transferring strain across grain boundary or localizing strain near grain boundary.
Characteristics of IL-9 induced by Schistosoma japonicum infection in C57BL/6 mouse liver
Authors: Li Lu , Xie Hongyan , Wang Mei , Qu Jiale , Cha Hefei , Yang Quan , Feng Yuanfa , Qi Yanwei , Qiu Huaina , Dong Nuo , Huang Jun 
Published: May 2017

AbstractLiver granulomatous inflammation and fibrosis were the primary pathological changes observed duringSchistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum)infection. In the present study, the characteristics of IL-9 were investigated in the liver ofS. japonicuminfection C57BL/6 mice. Immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, and ELISA results demonstrated that the expression of IL-9 significantly increased after infection (P < 0.01). FACS results indicated that the peak of IL-9+Th9 cells in the liver mononuclear cells appeared at the early phase of infection (week 5), except that Th9 cells, CD8+Tc cells, NKT and γδT cells could secrete IL-9 in this model. Although IL-9 neutralization has a limited effect on liver granulomatous inflammation, it could decrease the level of fibrosis-associated factor, PC-III, in the serum of infected mice (P < 0.05). Taken together, our results indicated that IL-9 was an important type of cytokine involved in the progression ofS. japonicuminfection-induced hepatic damage.
Tropospheric Warming Over The Past Two Decades
Authors: Santer Benjamin D. , Solomon Susan , Wentz Frank J. , Fu Qiang , Po-Chedley Stephen , Mears Carl , Painter Jeffrey F. , Bonfils Céline 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSatellite temperature measurements do not support the recent claim of a “leveling off of warming” over the past two decades. Tropospheric warming trends over recent 20-year periods are always significantly larger (at the 10% level or better) than model estimates of 20-year trends arising from natural internal variability. Over the full 38-year period of the satellite record, the separation between observed warming and internal variability estimates is even clearer. In two out of three recent satellite datasets, the tropospheric warming from 1979 to 2016 is unprecedented relative to internally generated temperature trends on the 38-year timescale.
Effect of Kidney Dysfunction on Cerebral Cortical Thinning in Elderly Population
Authors: Chen Chih-Hao , Chen Ya-Fang , Chiu Ming-Jang , Chen Ta-Fu , Tsai Ping-Huan , Chen Jen-Hau , Yen Chung-Jen , Tang Sung-Chun , Yeh Shin-Joe , Chen Yen-Ching 
Published: May 2017

AbstractChronic kidney disease has been linked to cognitive impairment and morphological brain change. However, less is known about the impact of kidney functions on cerebral cortical thickness. This study investigated the relationship between kidney functions and global or lobar cerebral cortical thickness (CTh) in 259 non-demented elderly persons. Forty-three participants (16.7%) had kidney dysfunction, which was defined as either a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or presence of proteinuria. Kidney dysfunction was associated with lower global (β = −0.05, 95% CI = −0.08 to −0.01) as well as frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, and insular lobar CTh. In the stratified analysis, the associations were more pronounced in women, APOEε4 non-carriers, and participants with a lower cognitive score. Besides, kidney dysfunction significantly increased the risk of cortical thinning, defined as being the lowest CTh tertile, in the insular lobe (adjusted odds ratio = 2.74, 95% CI = 1.31−5.74). Our results suggested that kidney dysfunction should be closely monitored and managed in elderly population to prevent neurodegeneration.
Interspecies Interactions Reverse the Hazard of Antibiotics Exposure: A Plankton Community Study on Responses to Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride
Authors: Wang Changyou , Wang Ziyang , Zhang Yong , Su Rongguo 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe ecotoxicological effects of Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CIP) were tested on population densities of plankton assemblages consisting of two algae (Isochrysis galbana and Platymonas subcordiformis) and a rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis). The I. galbana showed a significant decrease in densities when concentrations of CIP were above 2.0 mg L−1 in single-species tests, while P. subcordiformis and B. plicatilis were stable in densities when CIP were less than10.0 mg L−1. The equilibrium densities of I. galbana in community test increased with CIP concentrations after falling to a trough at 5.0 mg L−1, showed a completely different pattern of P. subcordiformis which decreased with CIP concentrations after reaching a peak at 30.0 mg L−1. The observed beneficial effect was a result of interspecies interactions of trophic cascade that buffered for more severe direct effects of toxicants. The community test-based NOEC of CIP (2.0 mg L−1), embodying the indirect effects, was different from the extrapolated one derived by single-species tests (0.5 mg L−1), but all lacked confidence interval. A CIP threshold concentration of obvious relevance to ecological interaction was calculated with a simplified plankton ecological model, achieving a value of 1.26 mg L−1 with a 95% bootstrapping confidence interval from 1.18 to 1.31 mg L−1.
Knochenmineraldichtemessung in der klinischen Routine
Authors: Pfeil Alexander , Lehmann Gabriele , Böttcher Joachim , Reinhardt Lisa , Oelzner Peter , Wolf Gunter , Renz Diane 
Published: May 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Osteoporose ist durch den Verlust an Knochenmineraldichte mit einem konsekutiv erhöhten Frakturrisiko gekennzeichnet. Zur Beurteilung des Frakturrisikos und der Einleitung einer medikamentösen Therapie sollte eine Knochenmineraldichtemessung durchgeführt werden. Die Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometrie (DXA) stellt das nach den aktuellen Leitlinien empfohlene Verfahren zur Beurteilung der Knochenmineraldichte dar. Anhand des T-Scores, welcher durch eine DXA-Knochenmineraldichtemessung ermittelt wird, erfolgt die Abschätzung des Frakturrisikos, um die Notwendigkeit zur Durchführung einer medikamentösen Therapie individuell festzulegen. Die DXA bietet zudem die Möglichkeit, eine Beurteilung der Knochenstruktur unter Verwendung des Trabecular Bone Score vorzunehmen. Das Vorliegen von Wirbelkörperfrakturen kann mit dem „sogenannten“ Vertebral Fracture Assessment durch die DXA ebenfalls visualisiert werden. Als weitere Knochenmineraldichtemessverfahren konkurrieren die Quantitative Computertomografie und der Quantitative Ultraschall. Entsprechend der S3-Leitlinie „Osteoporose“ können diese Knochenmineraldichtemessverfahren allerdings die DXA-Technik nicht ersetzen und sollten nicht regelhaft zum Einsatz kommen.
Checkliste zur Erstellung und Bewertung von Krankheitskostenstudien
Authors: Müller Dirk , Stock Stephanie , Dintsios Charalabos-Markos , Chernyak Nadja , Gerber-Grote Andreas , Gloede Tristan , Hermann Benita , Huppertz Eduard , Jülich Fabian , Mostardt Sarah , Köberlein-Neu Juliane , Prenzler Anne , Salize Hans-Joachim , Santos Sara , Scheckel Benjamin , Seidl Astrid , Wahlers Katharina , Icks Andrea 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Krankheitskostenstudien sind wichtige Instrumente, um die sozioökonomische Krankheitslast für definierte Erkrankungen abzuschätzen. Sie liefern der Versorgungsforschung sowie der Gesundheitspolitik wichtige Informationen zur Kostenstruktur einer Erkrankung, dem sich daraus ableitenden Forschungsbedarf, Ansätze zur Versorgungsoptimierung sowie zu den monetären Auswirkungen aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven. Aufgrund der Heterogenität verfügbarer Krankheitskostenstudien entwickelte die Arbeitsgemeinschaft (AG) Gesundheitsökonomie des Deutschen Netzwerks Versorgungsforschung (DNVF) e.V. in Abstimmung mit der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ) e.V. für Deutschland ein Instrument zur Planung/Durchführung und Beurteilung von Krankheitskostenstudien.
Methodik Aufbau und Inhalt der generischen Checkliste wurden von der AG konzipiert, konsentiert und nachfolgend in einem Pretest überprüft. Die Checkliste basiert auf einer systematischen Literaturrecherche zu nationalen und bereits vorliegenden internationalen Checklisten sowie Leitlinien und Empfehlungen für die Erstellung und Bewertung von Krankheitskostenstudien und gesundheitsökonomischen Evaluationen.
Ergebnis Aus der Literaturrecherche (N=2 454) konnten 58 Referenzen zur Identifizierung und Begründung von Kriterien für die Erstellung der Checkliste genutzt werden. Nach Durchführung und Auswertung des Pretests wurden 6 Dimensionen in die Checkliste einbezogen: (i) Allgemeine Aspekte, (ii) Identifikation der Ressourcen, (iii) Beschreibung und Quantifizierung der Ressourcenverbräuche, (iv) Bewertung der Ressourcen (v) Auswertung und Ergebnisdarstellung sowie (vi) Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung. Insgesamt werden die einzelnen Dimensionen über 37 Kriterien operationalisiert.
Schlussfolgerung Die Checkliste ist ein erster Ansatz, die transparente Darstellung und das Verständnis von Krankheitskostenstudien im Hinblick auf Ausmaß, Zusammensetzung und Entwicklung der sozioökonomischen Krankheitslast ausgewählter Erkrankungen zu verbessern. Sie unterstützt die Vergleichbarkeit verschiedener Analysen und erleichtert die Studienkonzeption.
Pericarditis Associated With Acute Zika Virus Infection in a Returning Traveler
Authors: Waggoner Jesse J. , Rouphael Nadine , Xu Yongxian , Natrajan Muktha , Lai Lilin , Patel Shital M. , Levit Rebeca D. , Edupuganti Srilatha , Mulligan Mark J. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Despite the widespread outbreak, few cases of Zika virus associated with cardiac manifestations have been described. We present a case of pericarditis in the setting of an acute, symptomatic Zika virus infection in a traveler returning from St. Thomas. Clinicians should be alert for this potential complication of Zika virus infection.
A Novel Approach of Navigation-Assisted Flexible Neuroendoscopy
Authors: Torres-Corzo Jaime G , Rangel-Castilla Leonardo , Islas-Aguilar Mario Alberto , Vecchia Roberto Rodríguez-Della 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE
Neuronavigation-assisted endoscopy is commonly used for skull base and intraventricular surgery. Flexible neuroendoscopy offers certain advantages over rigid endoscopy; however, a major disadvantage of the flexible endoscope has been easy disorientation in the flexed position. Neuronavigation-assisted flexible neuroendoscopy was not available until now. This is the first report of the use of navigation-assisted flexible neuroendoscopy in a patient with hydrocephalus.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION
A 10-mo-old girl presented with irritability and vomiting to the emergency department and was found to have severe hydrocephalus. The patient underwent successful endoscopic third ventriculostomy and exploration of the ventricles (lateral, third, cerebral aqueduct, fourth) and basal cisterns with the flexible neuroendoscopy assisted with electromagnetic neuronavigation.

CONCLUSION
As demonstrated by this initial experience, neuronavigation-assisted flexible neuroendoscopy is a feasible and safe tool, endoscopic procedures with the flexible endoscope may be possible in a safer manner. We report the first use of neuronavigation-assisted flexible neuroendoscopy to perform an ETV and exploration of the entire ventricular system. Further evaluation will be necessary to define and expand its applications in neurosurgery.
Calcaneus Exostectomy and Achilles Tendon Reattachment for the Treatment of Haglund Deformity
Authors: Phisitkul Phinit , Rungprai Chamnanni 
Published: May 2017

Insertional Achilles tendinosis with Haglund deformity is a common cause of posterior heel pain and the diagnosis can be established by history, physical examination, and imaging. Operative treatment may be required if the conservative treatment has failed. A common surgical procedure usually includes open debridement of Achilles tendon and retrocalcaneal bursa, exostectomy of posterior superior aspect of the calcaneus, and reattachment of the Achilles tendon using a double-row suture anchors. The results of these procedures demonstrated significant improvement of functional outcomes and pain relief with minimal complications.Level of Evidence: Diagnostic Level V. Expert Opinions.
The Use of an Electrophysiological Brain Function Index in the Evaluation of Concussed Athletes
Authors: Brooks M. Alison , Bazarian Jeffrey J. , Prichep Leslie S. , Dastidar Samanwoy Ghosh , Talavage Thomas M. , Barr William 
Published: May 2017

Objective:
To evaluate the effectiveness of the electroencephalographic (EEG) Brain Function Index (BFI) for characterizing sports-related concussive injury and recovery.

Participants:
Three hundred fifty-four (354) male contact sport high school and college athletes were prospectively recruited from multiple locations over 6 academic years of play (244 control baseline athletes and 110 athletes with a concussion).

Methods:
Using 5 to 10 minutes of eyes closed resting EEG collected from frontal and frontotemporal regions, a BFI was computed for all subjects and sessions. Group comparisons were performed to test for the significance of the difference in the BFI score between the controls at baseline and athletes with a concussion at several time points.

Results:
There was no significant difference in BFI between athletes with a concussion at baseline (ie, prior to injury) and controls at baseline (P = .4634). Athletes with a concussion, tested within 72 hours of injury, exhibited significant differences in BFI compared with controls (P = .0036). The significant differences in BFI were no longer observed at 45 days following injury (P = .19).

Conclusion:
Controls and athletes with a concussion exhibited equivalent BFI scores at preseason baseline. The concussive injury (measured within 72 hours) significantly affected brain function reflected in the BFI in the athletes with a concussion. The BFI of the athletes with a concussion returned to levels seen in controls by day 45, suggesting recovery. The BFI may provide an important objective marker of concussive injury and recovery.
Brief Report: Pediatric Cancer Burden and Treatment Resources Within the Pediatric IeDEA Consortium
Authors: Brown Steven A. , Abbas Salma , Davies Mary-Ann , Bunupuradah Torsak , Sohn Annette H. , Technau Karl-Günter , Renner Lorna , Leroy Valériane , Edmonds Andrew , Yotebieng Marcel , McGowan Catherine C. , Duda Stephany N. , Mofenson Lynne , Musick Beverly , Wools-Kaloustian Kara 
Published: May 2017

Introduction:
The incidence and treatment of cancer in HIV-infected children from resource-limited settings has not been extensively studied.

Objectives:
Develop and implement a cross-sectional survey to evaluate pediatric cancer burden, diagnostic modalities in use, and treatment availability as perceived by HIV clinic staff at regional International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) sites.

Methods:
IeDEA regional investigators developed a cross-sectional clinical site survey which included questions on the numbers and types of pediatric cancers observed, modalities used to treat identified cancers, and treatment options available at individual sites in the Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Central Africa, East Africa, West Africa, and Southern Africa regions.

Results:
Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and Burkitt lymphoma were reported by site personnel to be the most prevalent types of cancer in the pediatric HIV population. Survey results indicate that access to comprehensive cancer treatment modalities is very limited for children in these regions despite HIV care and treatment sites reporting that they diagnose pediatric cancers. Responses also showed that evaluating cancer in the pediatric HIV population is a challenge due to a lack of resources and varying treatment availability within regions.

Conclusions:
Further study is needed to increase our understanding of the changing epidemiology of cancer in HIV-infected pediatric populations. Increased financial and technical resources are critical to aid in the advancement of health services to support treatment of these children in resource-constrained settings.
Systematic assessment of next generation sequencing for quantitative small RNA profiling: a multiple protocol study across multiple laboratories
Authors: Giraldez MD , Spengler RM , Etheridge A , Godoy PM , Barczak AJ , Srinivasan S , De Hoff PL , Tanriverdi K , Courtright A , Lu S , Khoory J , Rubio R , Baxter D , Driedonks TAP , Buermans HPJ , Nolte-‘t Hoen ENM , Jiang H , Wang K , Ghiran I , Wang Y , Van Keuren-Jensen K , Freedman JE , Woodruff PG , Laurent LC , Erle DJ , Galas DJ , Tewari M 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSmall RNA-seq is increasingly being used for profiling of small RNAs. Quantitative characteristics of long RNA-seq have been extensively described, but small RNA-seq involves fundamentally different methods for library preparation, with distinct protocols and technical variations that have not been fully and systematically studied. We report here the results of a study using common references (synthetic RNA pools of defined composition, as well as plasma-derived RNA) to evaluate the accuracy, reproducibility and bias of small RNA-seq library preparation for five distinct protocols and across nine different laboratories. We observed protocol-specific and sequence-specific bias, which was ameliorated using adapters for ligation with randomized end-nucleotides, and computational correction factors. Despite this technical bias, relative quantification using small RNA-seq was remarkably accurate and reproducible, even across multiple laboratories using different methods. These results provide strong evidence for the feasibility of reproducible cross-laboratory small RNA-seq studies, even those involving analysis of data generated using different protocols.