bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Gene Signatures Associated with COVID-19 across Children, Adolescents, and Adults in the Nasopharynx and Peripheral
Blood by Using a Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Bao YuSheng , Ren JingXin , Chen Lei , Guo Wei , Feng KaiYan , Huang Tao , Cai Yu-Dong 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Significant variations in immune profiles across different age groups manifest
distinct clinical symptoms and prognoses in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.
Predominantly, severe COVID-19 cases that require hospitalization occur in the elderly, with the
risk of severe illness escalating with age among young adults, children, and adolescents.

Objective:
This study aimed to delineate the unique immune characteristics of COVID-19 across
various age groups and evaluate the feasibility of detecting COVID-19-induced immune alterations
through peripheral blood analysis.

Methods:
By employing a machine learning approach, we analyzed gene expression data from nasopharyngeal
and peripheral blood samples of COVID-19 patients across different age brackets.
Nasopharyngeal data reflected the immune response to COVID-19 in the upper respiratory tract,
while peripheral blood samples provided insights into the overall immune system status. Both datasets
encompassed COVID-19 patients and healthy controls, with patients divided into children,
adolescents, and adult age groups. The analysis included the expression levels of 62,703 genes per
patient. Then, 9 feature-sequencing methods (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, light
gradient boosting machine, Monte Carlo feature selection, random forest, ridge regression, adaptive
boosting, categorical boosting, extremely randomized trees, and extreme gradient boosting) were
employed to evaluate the association of the genes with COVID-19. Key genes were then utilized to
develop efficient classification models.

Results:
The findings identified specific markers: insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3
(downregulated in the peripheral blood of COVID-19 patients), interferon alpha-inducible protein
27 (upregulated), and SERPING1 (upregulated in nasopharyngeal tissues). In addition, fibulin-2
was downregulated in adolescent patients, but upregulated in the other groups, while epoxide hydrolase
3 was upregulated in healthy controls, but downregulated in children and adolescents.

Conclusion:
This study offers valuable insights into the local and systemic immune responses of
COVID-19 patients across age groups, aiding in identifying potential therapeutic targets and formulating
personalized treatment strategies.
Role of Nrf2 in Epilepsy Treatment
Authors: Azadmanesh Maryam , Farkhondeh Tahereh , Harifi-Mood Mohammad Sadra , Aschner Michael , Samini Fariborz , Samarghandian Saeed 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Oxidative stress is a consequence of the disruption of the balance between
the generation of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species and the biological system’s
ability to neutralize those reactive products. Oxidative stress is involved in the
generation of many disorders, including epilepsy, which is a prevalent chronic
neurological disease that affects the lives of millions of people around the world.
Epilepsy is characterized by unforeseeable and repeated seizures that can be very
disturbing. Studies have reported that oxidative stress occurs before and after
seizures. A transcription factor named Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor
2 (Nrf2) controls genes related to the induction of oxidative stress and defends cells
against oxidative stress. The Nrf2 protein has seven different domains, ranging from
Neh1 to Neh7. Each domain is responsible for a distinctive function of this protein.
Keap1 binds to Nrf2, but during oxidative stress, Nrf2 detaches from the Keap1
protein, moves to the nucleus, and binds to DNA. The result of this translocation and
binding is the initiation of transcription of detoxifying genes to control the harmful
effects of oxidative stress. There is some evidence of oxidative stress involvement in
epilepsy. In this review, we have listed potential Nrf2-related therapeutic targets for
treating and controlling epilepsy, such as Berberis alkaloids, pentoxifylline, lovastatin,
progesterone, and chrysin nanoparticles. These activators were tested in animals (in
vivo) and cells (in vitro), and most of these experiments showed promising results in
different epilepsy models. Finally, the results have suggested that the activation of Nrf2
can be an option for controlling epilepsy.
Phase I Clinical Trial of CD19 CAR-T Cells Expressing CXCR5 Protein for the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory B-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Wang Jiaxi , Jiang Yirong , Luo Min , Lu Wenyi , He Jixiang , Zhang Meng , Yao Zhuoxin , Jin Xin , Xiao Xia , Chen Jianhang , Li Guangchao , Ding Wen , Zhou Jie , Zhang Zhiyin , Zhao Mingfeng 
Published: October 2024

Background:
It is difficult for CD19 CAR-T cells to enter solid tumors, which is one reason for their poor efficacy in lymphoma treatment. The chemokine CXCL13 secreted by stro-mal cells of the lymph nodes induces the homing of B and T lymphocytes, which express its receptor CXCR5. Preclinical trials have shown that the expression of CXCR5 on CD19 CAR-T cells can increase their migration to the tumor microenvironment and enhance their antitumor function.

Methods:
We engineered the CD19 CAR-T cells to express a second receptor, CXCR5. Then, we conducted a phase I clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CXCR5 CD19 CAR-T cells in the treatment of relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell lymphoma.

Results:
We recruited 10 patients with R/R B-cell lymphoma undergoing CXCR5 CD19 CAR-T cell therapy. The objective response rate was 80%, and the complete response rate was 50%. The median follow-up time was 15.48 months (3.4-22.3 months), and the median Progression-Free Survival (PFS) time was 8.15 months (1.5-22.33 months). One patient received ASCT at 1.5 months (at PR) after infusion of CAR-T cells. The incidence of grade 1 and grade 2 Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) was 70% and 20%, respectively. No patient experienced grade 3 or higher levels of CRS, neurotoxicity, or infusion-related dose toxicity.

Conclusion:
The results obtained in this study suggest that CXCR5 CD19 CAR-T cells should be investigated in a trial with broader patient populations.

Trial Registration:
The trials were registered at www.chictr.org.cn as ChiCTR2100052677 and ChiCTR1900028692.
Formulation and Evaluation of Lungs-Specific Doxorubicin-Loaded Chitosan-PLGA-Alginate Polymeric Nanoparticles
Authors: Shukla Shalu , Pandit Vinay 
Published: October 2024

Background:
An antibiotic called doxorubicin is produced by the Streptomyces peuce-tius bacterium, which is a member of the anthracycline drug class and is used in chemotherapy. Usually, doxorubicin is employed to cure solid tumors in children and adult patients. The physical and biological stability of the medicine can be increased by encasing it in nanoparticles, which increases the active pharmaceutical ingredient's bioavailability.

Objective:
This study aimed to create lungs targeting doxorubicin-loaded biodegradable polymer-ic nanoparticulate system by utilizing an appropriate method and conducting its evaluation.

Methods:
The polymeric nanoparticles using biodegradable polymers were prepared by the emul-sion polymerization method. Franz- diffusion cells were utilized to conduct in-vitro drug diffu-sion investigations.

Results:
Based on the outcomes of the experiments carried out for the research, polymeric nano-particles of doxorubicin were prepared utilizing different concentrations of chitosan, Sodium al-ginate, and PLGA. The visual appearance of doxorubicin polymeric nanoparticles shows homo-geneous dispersion with no phase separation form. The percentage yield, % entrapment efficien-cy, and drug content obtained for the final formulation were 93.43 ± 1.776, 87.31 ± 1.075, and 91.98 ± 0.493, respectively. A size dimension of 174.51 nm with a PDI of 0.242 and zeta poten-tial value of -36.1 mV of prepared nanoparticles demonstrate the stability of the formulation. The presentation of the PNPs of the optimized formulation having 310mg Tween 80 showed in vitro diffusion of 98.93% ± 0.296 % and an increased flux rate. Based on the determination coeffi-cients, the Higuchi model (K0 = 20.43 and R2= 0.982) was determined to have the best fit for the release data.

Conclusion:
Based on the trials conducted during the investigation, it was determined that the emulsion polymerization technique was best for the fabrication of the polymeric nanoparticles by utilizing different concentrations of chitosan, Sodium alginate, and PLGA. The formulation F6 containing 310mg Tween 80 suggested improved in vitro diffusion following the Higuchi model throughout all formulations. The findings suggest that a sustained process was responsible for the drug's release from the doxorubicin polymeric nanoparticles.
Living on a Picture: Approaching Images and Life Stories in Social Media
Authors: Galván García de las Bayonas Ana Isabel 
Published: October 2024

If images were once conceived either as subordination or oppositions of words, the advent of the Internet has started new relationship dynamics between them. Within this digital scenario, vision and textuality intensely intertwine in the form of captions, posts, hyperlinks or other kind of social media content, daily handled by users. In this context, autobiographical narratives will take on a major role, shaping the way in which the subject conceives, forges and registers his or her identity in relation to the reader/viewer. This article aims to address the question, more present than ever, of how certain autobiographical narratives are disseminated through social networks, and how image and narrative dialogue within this framework. By addressing specific cases found on platforms such as Instagram, we will try to elucidate how these publications point to an ambivalent relationship with visual tropes or narratives associated with certain life experiences, either questioning it or contributing to the creation of a collective narrative. A complex interplay of image and narrative that will affect not only how we share life, but also how we understand it and construct it together with others in a changing world.
Sosial annotering i lærerutdanningen: Studenters erfaringer med nettbasert samarbeid om lesing av en akademisk artikkel
Authors: Normann Anita , Otnes Hildegunn 
Published: October 2024

Sosial annotering (SA) er et begrep brukt om en digital teknologi der deltakerne samtaler skriftlig og nettbasert om en felles digital tekst de leser. Artikkelen presenterer deler av en studie gjennomført i et mastergradsemne i akademisk skriving og lesing. Gjennom en «selvstudie» forsket vi på egne studenter og på et egendesignet undervisningsopplegg om SA, med mål om å videreutvikle egen undervisningspraksis og bidra til forsking på SA i en norsk kontekst. I små grupper leste og annoterte studentene en pensumartikkel ved bruk av samskrivingsverktøyet Word Online. For å lære mer om studentenes erfaringer fra SA-arbeidet analyserte vi refleksjonsloggene deres. Tendenser fra analysen ble samlet i seks kategorier, som til sammen gir oss innsikt i studentenes perspektiver på ulike kompetanser. Funn fra studien viser at noen studenter opplevde den skriftlige digitale samtalen om teksten som uvant og skummel, spesielt i starten, men også at samarbeid om lesing av akademiske tekster engasjerte mange av dem i læringsarbeidet. Studien viser dessuten at studentene må ha flere tett sammenføyde kompetanser – kommunikativ og kollaborativ literacy, kritisk literacy og digital literacy – for å få et godt faglig utbytte av SA. Studentene har i ulik grad et metaperspektiv på disse kompetansene.
ENGLSIH ABSTRACT
Social Annotation in Teacher Education: Students’ Experiences with Collaborative Online Reading of a Syllabus Article
Social annotation (SA) is a term used about a digital technology where participants engage collaboratively in a written online communication around reading. This article presents a small-scale study conducted in a masters’ course in academic writing and reading. In a self-study, we explored our own students’ experiences with a self-developed activity about SA, with the aim of developing our own teaching and contributing to research on SA in a Norwegian context. In small groups, students read and annotated a syllabus article, using the collaborative writing tool Word Online. To learn more about students’ experiences with SA, we analysed their reflection logs. Tendencies from the analysis were grouped into six categories, providing insight into students’ perspectives on different competencies: Communicative and collaborative literacy, critical literacy, and digital literacy. Findings from the study show that some students perceived engaging in a collaborative, written online conversation as unusual and somewhat intimidating, especially in the beginning, but also that the collaborative aspect of SA engaged them positively. The study’s findings additionally show that obtaining good learning outcomes from SA depends on a set of closely integrated competencies from the students’ side, and that they – to varying degrees – have a meta-perspective on these competencies.
Elevtekster som empirisk materiale i studenters analyser. En kartlegging av norskfaglige og norskdidaktiske masteroppgaver fra 2006 til 2022
Authors: Marti Kristin Torjesen , Øgreid Anne Kristine 
Published: October 2024

Elevers skriving og tekster har fått økt oppmerksomhet både i grunnskolen og videregående opplæring de siste tiårene, og norskfaget har et særskilt ansvar for elevenes skrivekompetanse. Vi vet en del om fokusområder og analyseinnganger i forskning på elevers skriving og elevers tekster (Berge et al., 2005a, 2005b; Bremholm et al., 2022; Harstad & Aa, 2023a; Smidt, 2010). Det finnes imidlertid lite systematisk kunnskap om hvordan masterstudenter bruker elevtekster i masteroppgavene sine. Denne artikkelen presenterer en sonderende oversikt («scoping review») (Arksey & O’Malley, 2005) hvor vi undersøker hvordan elevtekster inngår som empirisk materiale i 194 masteroppgaver med fordypning i norsk eller norskdidaktikk fra lærerutdanninger. Resultatene viser at flertallet av masterstudentene samler inn elevtekster selv og gjerne kombinerer det med annet datamateriale. Tekstene inngår i kvalitative studier som er nært knyttet til undervisningssituasjoner. Det er stor variasjon i typer elevtekster, men et fåtall av studentene studerer tekster i et multimodalitets- eller flerspråklighetsperspektiv. Vi drøfter disse funnene i lys av tidligere forskning og diskusjoner om profesjonsrelevans i masteroppgaven. Blant annet peker vi på at det er et uutnyttet potensial for inngående tekstanalyser og bruk av allerede innsamlet elevtekstmateriale.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Students’ Texts as Empirical Material in Master Students’ Analyses. A Scoping Review of Master’s Theses in the Norwegian L1 Subject from 2006 to 2002
Pupils’ writing and texts have received increased attention in both primary and secondary education in recent decades, with the Norwegian L1 subject bearing a special responsibility for the pupils’ writing skills. Existing research provides insight into focus areas and analytical approaches in research on student writing and texts (Berge et al., 2005a, 2005b; Bremholm et al., 2022; Harstad & Aa, 2023a; Smidt, 2010). However, systematic knowledge about how master’s students use pupil texts in their master’s theses, is scarce. This article presents a scoping review (Arksey & O’Malley, 2005) examining how pupil texts are included as empirical material in 194 master’s theses, specializing in Norwegian or Norwegian L1 didactics in teacher training. The findings indicate that a majority of the master’s students collect pupil texts themselves combined with other data. These texts are included in qualitative studies closely linked to the teaching context. While there is considerable diversity in the types of pupil texts used, few students analyse texts from a multimodal or multilingual perspective. We discuss these findings in light of prior research and debates concerning the professional relevance of master’s theses, highlighting the untapped potential for in-depth text analysis and the use of existing pupil text material.
Klasselæreres syn på hva som skaper lesemotivasjon på mellomtrinnet
Authors: Skaar Håvard , Stavem Gro 
Published: October 2024

Fritidslesing kan bidra positivt til elevers utvikling av leseferdighet, men unge mennesker leser stadig mindre. Derfor er det et stort behov for tiltak i skolen som kan fremme elevers lesemotivasjon. I denne artikkelen undersøker vi hvilken motivasjon åtte 6.trinnslærere på skoler i Oslo-området mener elevene deres har for å lese på fritiden. Vi undersøker også hvordan disse lærerne mener at de selv best kan bidra til å styrke elevenes lesemotivasjon. Utsagnene deres blir sammenholdt med det elevene i klassene deres svarte i to foregående undersøkelser. Lærerne gav uttrykk for synspunktene sine i semistrukturerte intervjuer. I en kollektiv kvalitativ analyse knytter vi lærernes utsagn til leseforskning og leseopplæringsteori, med spesiell vekt på Ryan og Decis selvbestemmelsesteori. Lærernes beskrivelser av elevenes lesemotivasjon dekket hele spekteret av selvbestemmelsesteorien. Alle opplevde at elevene deres leste mindre på fritiden, og brukte mer tid på skjerm enn elever de hadde hatt tidligere. Lærerne la vekt på motivasjonstiltak som støttet elevenes autonomi, kompetanse og relasjoner, men opplevde at de var avhengige av hjemmets støtte for å lykkes med tiltakene. De pekte på et behov for mer tid og rom for utviklingen av lesemotivasjon i skolen, gjerne i samarbeid med hjemmet.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Teacher’s views on measures to strengthen students’ motivation to read
Leisure reading can make a positive contribution to students’ literacy development, but young people’s reading is in decline. This creates a need for school-based measures to strengthen students’ motivation to read. In this article we investigate how eight 6th grade teachers in the Oslo-area assess students’ motivation for leisure reading. Also, we investigate in what ways they think they can best contribute to strengthen students’ reading motivation. The teachers’ views are compared with their students’ responses in two previous studies. The teachers expressed their views in semi-structured interviews. In a collective qualitative analysis, we link the teachers’ statements to reading research and reading education theory, with an emphasis on Ryan and Deci’s self-determination theory. The teachers’ descriptions of their students’ reading motivation covered the entire spectrum of the self-determination theory. They experienced that their students read less and spent more of their leisure time on screen when compared with students previously in their teaching career. They emphasised the need for motivational interventions that supported autonomy, competence, and relatedness, but felt that they were dependent on home support to succeed with reading promotion of this kind. Generally, they expressed a need for more time and space to develop their students’ reading motivation, preferably in co-operation with parents at home.
Avoiding Flood by Improving Cross-Sectional Capacity through River Normalization
Authors: Harits Muzhaffar , Sapei Asep , Pandjaitan Nora Herdiana 
Published: October 2024

Bekasi is one of the regions in Indonesia that often suffer from flooding. To overcome flooding problems in the Bekasi area, the Ciliwung Cisadane River Basin Center has begun a normalization project along the Bekasi River. This research aimed to evaluate the Bekasi River's cross-sectional capacity both before and after normalization. The analysis focused on the section where the Cileungsi and Cikeas rivers converge to the Bekasi weir. In this research, secondary data were employed, such as national digital elevation model data, detailed engineering designs of Bekasi River flood control activities, and rainfall data from the Cibinong Station that covers the period from 2006 to 2020. The result from planned flood discharge with the Nakayasu synthetic unit hydrograph method for a return period of 25 years on the Bekasi River was obtained at 665.81 m3/s. The results of hydraulic analysis before normalization with the HEC-RAS application show that flooding occurred at 102 out of 116 stations, with capacities of river cross-sections ranging from 453.49 m³/s to 665.71 m³/s at these overflow stations. Following the river normalization process, the cross-sectional capacity at all Bekasi River stations can accommodate flood discharge without any instances of overflow.Keywords: Flood, HEC-RAS, Nakayasu, Normalization, Rainfall.
Evaluating the Antioxidant Activity and Stability of Pigmented Rice Extract
Authors: Siregar Tagor M , Miarsa Daniel C 
Published: October 2024

This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant activity and stability of the extract of pigmented rice. Pigmented rice powder from 6 different varieties including Subang, Jowo Melik, Andel Abang, Bukittinggi, Cempo Merah, and Cempo Ireng) was macerated using ethanol with concentrations of 96% and 70%. Next, the rice extract was tested for stability to pH (1, 3, 5, 7, 9) and temperature (20°, 40°, 60°, 80°C). Results revealed that extract of Subang black glutinous rice using 96% ethanol resulted the highest antioxidant activity of 11.11±2.04 mg FeSO4/g, with an overall anthocyanin, flavonoids, phenolic contents of respectively 28.22±1.14 mg CE/g, 2.91±1.13 mg QE/g, and 3.46±1.59 mg GAE/g. The physiochemical properties of the rice extract were affected by the difference of pH. The increase in pH resulted in a decrease in antioxidant activity, total anthocyanin, and the values of color attributes (L*, a*, b*, C*, and ºHue) of the rice extracts. Temperature did not affect the physiochemical properties of the extract. The antioxidant activity, total anthocyanin, and color attributes of the rice extract were typically stable when the temperature rose from 20°C to 80°C. The extract at pH 1 and 80ºC treatment exhibited slightly higher yield based on antioxidant activity, total anthocyanin content, a* value, and ºHue with the values of 16.92±1.73 mg FeSO4/g, 33.90±2.33 mg CE/g, 21.55±0.54, and 30.04±0.57, respectively. Keywords: Anthocyanin, antioxidant activity, pH, pigmented rice, temperature.
The Use of the Normalized Difference Red Edge (NDRE) Vegetation Index from Multispectral Cameras Mounted on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle to Estimate the Nutrient Content in Oil Palm Leaves
Authors: Hariadi Badi , Sastrohartono Hermantoro , Krisdiarto Andreas Wahyu , Sukarman Sukarman , Sagoro Tri Haryo , Primananda Septa , Akbar Arief Rahmad Maulana , Uktoro Arief Ika 
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to develop a prediction model for the nutrient content of N, P, K, Mg, and Ca in oil palm leaves using the Normalized Difference RedEdge (NDRE) vegetation index derived from multispectral camera data. Data acquisition was carried out by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), which was correlated to leaf sample analysis of the 17th frond number. Results showed that simple regression analysis successfully represented nutrient content (N, P, K, Mg, and Ca) based on NDRE values. Based on the MAPE and Correctness values, the nutrient content prediction model for N and P yields reliable results, while for K, Mg, and Ca, they are considered good, with Correctness values of 95.5%, 96.6%, 88.8%, 87.3%, and 90.0% for N, P, K, Mg, and Ca, respectively. The study found that the NDRE vegetation index can be used to predict the nutrient content of oil palm leaves with reliable results in accuracy for N and P, and good accuracy for K, Mg, and Ca. This is a promising finding, as it could lead to the development of a non-destructive and rapid method for monitoring the nutrient status of oil palm trees, with the validation models for N, P, K, Mg, and Ca are yN = 1.1089x - 0.2497, yP = 0.99x + 0.002, yK = 1.204x - 0.1576, yMg = 0.9149x + 0.0183, and yCa = 1.0418x - 0.0218. Keywords: Multispectral Cameras, Oil Palm, Leaf Nutrient Contents, Prediction.