bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Hepatocyte Growth Factor Is Probably Associated With 3-Month Prognosis of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Zhu Zhengbao , Xu Tan , Guo Daoxia , Huangfu Xinfeng , Zhong Chongke , Yang Jingyuan , Wang Aili , Chen Chung-Shiuan , Peng Yanbo , Xu Tian , Wang Jinchao , Sun Yingxian , Peng Hao , Li Qunwei , Ju Zhong , Geng Deqin , Chen Jing , Zhang Yonghong , He Jiang 
Published: January 2018

Background and Purpose—
Serum hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is positively associated with poor prognosis of heart failure and myocardial infarction, and it can also predict the risk of ischemic stroke in population. The goal of this study was to investigate the association between serum HGF and prognosis of ischemic stroke.

Methods—
A total of 3027 acute ischemic stroke patients were included in this post hoc analysis of the CATIS (China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke). The primary outcome was composite outcome of death or major disability (modified Rankin Scale score ≥3) within 3 months.

Results—

After multivariate adjustment, elevated HGF levels were associated with an increased risk of primary outcome (odds ratio, 1.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.10–2.03;
P
trend
=0.015) when 2 extreme quartiles were compared. Each SD increase of log-transformed HGF was associated with 14% (95% confidence interval, 2%–27%) increased risk of primary outcome. Adding HGF quartiles to a model containing conventional risk factors improved the predictive power for primary outcome (net reclassification improvement: 17.50%,
P
<0.001; integrated discrimination index: 0.23%,
P
=0.022). The association between serum HGF and primary outcome could be modified by heparin pre-treatment (
P
interaction
=0.001), and a positive linear dose–response relationship between HGF and primary outcome was observed in patients without heparin pre-treatment (
P
linearity
<0.001) but not in those with heparin pre-treatment.

Conclusions—
Serum HGF levels were higher in the more severe stroke at baseline, and elevated HGF levels were probably associated with 3-month poor prognosis independently of stroke severity among ischemic stroke patients, especially in those without heparin pre-treatment. Further studies from other samples of ischemic stroke patients are needed to validate our findings.
The Role of Zonal Asymmetry in the Enhancement and Suppression of Sudden Stratospheric Warming Variability by the Madden–Julian Oscillation
Authors: Kang Wanying , Tziperman Eli 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events influence the Arctic Oscillation and midlatitude extreme weather. Previous work showed the Arctic stratosphere to be influenced by the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and that the SSW frequency increases with an increase of the MJO amplitude, expected in a warmer climate. It is shown here that the zonal asymmetry in both the background state and forcing plays a dominant role, leading to either enhancement or suppression of SSW events by MJO-like forcing. When applying a circumglobal MJO-like forcing in a dry dynamic core model, the MJO-forced waves can change the general circulation in three ways that affect the total vertical Eliassen–Palm flux in the Arctic stratosphere. First, weakening the zonal asymmetry of the tropospheric midlatitude jet, and therefore preventing the MJO-forced waves from propagating past the jet. Second, weakening the jet amplitude, reducing the waves generated in the midlatitudes, especially stationary waves, and therefore the upward-propagating planetary waves. Third, reducing the Arctic lower-stratospheric refractory index, which prevents waves from upward propagation. These effects stabilize the Arctic vortex and lower the SSW frequency. The longitudinal range to which the MJO-like forcing is limited plays an important role as well, and the strongest SSW frequency increase is seen when the MJO is located where it is observed in current climate. The SSW suppression effects are active when the MJO-like forcing is placed at different longitudinal locations. This study suggests that future trends in both the MJO amplitude and its longitudinal extent are important for predicting the Arctic stratosphere response.
Preventing Tragedies Caused by Syringe Tip Caps Herceptin and Neumega Packaging Contribute to Drug Preparation Errors Communication Dynamics and Oncology Medication Errors Use Visual Cues to Provide Error Clues
Authors: Cohen Michael R. 
Published: January 2018

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again–perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them in your inservice training programs. Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were received through the USP Medication Errors Reporting Program, which is presented in cooperation with the Institute of Safe Medication Practices. If you have encountered medication errors and would like to report them, you may call USP toll-free, 24 hours a day, at 1-800-233-7767 (1-800-23-ERROR). Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writer's names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below.
Cilostazol
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Baker Danial E. , Levien Terri 
Published: January 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary® Monograph Service receive five to six researched monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. The monographs are published in printed form and on diskettes that allow customization. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board called The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X). All topics pertinent to clinical pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The July 1999 Formulary monographs are on orli-stat, insulin aspart, budesonide suspension for nebulization, estradiol vaginal tablet, and doxycycline hyclate. The DUE is on rofecoxib.
Sodium Ferric Gluconate Complex in Sucrose Injection
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Baker Danial E. , Levien Terri 
Published: January 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary® Monograph Service receive five to six researched monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. The monographs are published in printed form and on diskettes that allow customization. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board called The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X). All topics pertinent to clinical pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The August 1999 Formulary monographs are on rofecoxib/celecoxib, rosiglitazone, rivastigmine, doxercalciferol, oseltamivir. The DUE is on rosiglitazone.
Estrogen Therapy for Recurrent Epistaxis: Case Histories and Literature Review
Authors: Mehrizi Ali , Weber D. Raymond 
Published: January 2018

Four cases that exemplify the nonapproved use of estrogens in the treatment of epistaxis are presented. The literature on estrogen treatment of recurrent epistaxis is reviewed, with an emphasis on efficacy and toxicity, and the various types of estrogens and dosage forms available are discussed. Estrogen use in the treatment of epistaxis is supported by a number of published patient studies. The optimal dose of estrogen has not been determined, but treatment seems to require a systemic dose higher than that used for birth control. Estrogen products applied topically to the nostrils at the site of epistaxis have also controlled bleeding. There are, however, no randomized, controlled trials to confirm these beneficial effects. Estrogens should thus be reserved for recurrent epistaxis that does not respond to more conservative measures.
Itraconazole Injection
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Baker Danial E. , Levien Terri 
Published: January 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary® Monograph Service receive five to six researched monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. The monographs are published in printed form and on diskettes that allow customization. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board called The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X). All topics pertinent to clinical pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The September 1999 Formulary monographs are on adefovir dipivoxil, meloxicam, reboxetine mesylate, ketotifen fumarate ophthalmic solution, and rapacuronium. The DUE is on pioglitazone.
Orlistat
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Baker Danial E. , Levien Terri 
Published: January 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary® Monograph Service receive five to six researched monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. The monographs are published in printed form and on diskettes that allow customization. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board called The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X). All topics pertinent to clinical pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The October 1999 Formulary monographs are on zanamivir, pioglitazone, levobupivacaine, temozolomide, and insulin glargine. The DUE is on zanamivir.
Two Protodynastic Objects in Brussels and the Origin of the Bilobate Cult-Sign of Neith
Authors: Hendrickx Stan 
Published: January 2018

New publication and discussion of two fragmentary stone objects of Protodynastic date in the Musées Royaux d'Art et d'Histoire in Brussels, together with a further fragment from one of them, found a few years ago in the excavations of the DAIK at Umm el-Qa'ab. The carved decoration of both includes representations of the click beetle (Agrypnus notodonta Latr.), sacred to Neith. From their iconography, it is suggested that the bilobate cult-sign of Neith originally consisted of the image of two click beetles, flanking two crossed arrows attached to a pole. Three different symbols of Neith can be distinguished during the Protodynastic Period: the bilobate object, two crossed arrows, and two bows tied together. The original meaning of the bilobate object seems to have been forgotten before the end of the Old Kingdom, and during the Middle Kingdom it lost its original form and was henceforward depicted as an oval. The significance given to it at that time remains open to discussion, but its traditional identification as a shield is most probably the result of the far more recent assimilation of Neith to the Greek goddess Athena.
Factors affecting ability and satisfaction with social roles in persons with neurological conditions: The importance of mobility and stigma
Authors: Warner Grace , Desrosiers Johanne , Packer Tanya , Stadnyk Robin 
Published: January 2018

Introduction The accomplishment of social roles and the satisfaction derived from participating in social roles are two important concepts in occupational therapy. Despite their importance, not much is known about how the two concepts differ. The objective of this study was to explore and compare the clinical and environmental factors correlated with accomplishment and satisfaction in social roles. Method This secondary analysis used data from a nested mixed method study. Participants ( n = 88) were Canadian adults, living with a range of neurological conditions. Linear regression analysis was used to identify factors that significantly affected the accomplishment and satisfaction of five social role domains (responsibility, interpersonal relationships, community life, employment and recreation). Results The variable of mobility was significantly associated with accomplishment of all five social role domains. Stigma, however, surfaced as the most important variable for satisfaction with social roles. It was significantly associated with all social role domains except employment. Conclusion From this analysis it appears that social role accomplishment and satisfaction have distinct correlates. Stigma is an important correlate of social role satisfaction that needs to be understood in more depth and addressed by occupational therapists so individuals with neurological conditions can maximize their satisfaction with social participation.
Short-term changes in occupational therapy students’ self-efficacy for therapeutic use of self
Authors: Hussain Ratna A , Carstensen Tove , Yazdani Farzaneh , Ellingham Brian , Bonsaksen Tore 
Published: January 2018

Introduction Self-efficacy concerned with the therapeutic use of self is important for occupational therapists, and students need to develop the skills and the self-efficacy required to meet interpersonal challenges in practice. This study examined short-term changes in occupational therapy students’ self-efficacy for using therapeutic modes, for recognizing clients’ interpersonal characteristics, and for managing interpersonal events. Factors associated with such changes were also examined. Method A sample of 89 Norwegian occupational therapy students from two universities was used, and the students completed three questionnaires 2–3 weeks after a workshop and at 3 months’ follow-up. Changes on the outcome measures were analyzed with t-tests for dependent samples, and factors associated with the outcome changes were analyzed with linear regression analyses. Results During the follow-up period, the students improved their self-efficacy scores on all three outcome measures. Higher age was associated with more improvement on two of the outcome measures. Conclusion The occupational therapy students improved their self-efficacy for therapeutic use of self during the brief follow-up period. Thus, the time in education, either university-based or practice-based, seems to add to students’ self-efficacy for clinical skills in this area. Higher age appears to be a resource for gaining more self-efficacy from attending educational courses.
Article
Authors: Gunnlaugsson Helgi 
Published: January 2018

Helgi Gunnlaugsson: Drug use, attitudes and control policies in Iceland. A comparison with the other Nordic countries Studies on the use of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs have frequently been conducted in Iceland in the past few years. These studies have mostly involved use among youth, so trends in the adult population have not yet been mapped out to the same extent. In this presentation, findings from the first ever general population survey on drug use in Iceland will be presented. Prompted by the Nordic Drug Survey, in which Iceland did not take part, a few questions from that survey were adopted in a survey conducted in Iceland in late 1997. Based on the Nordic comparative figures, it appears that Iceland is in some respects not very different from the other Nordic nations. Yet lifetime prevalence of cannabis use was found to be significantly higher in Iceland than in the other Nordic nations, except for Denmark, which clearly is in a league of its own. However, if the use in the last 6 months is analysed, Iceland is very similar to the other Nordic nations. The consumption pattern, in terms of age and gender, seems also to follow the general pattern found in the other Nordic nations. As for attitudes toward different control measures, it is apparent that the public in all of the Nordic countries seems to be in favour of adopting unconventional control methods in the fight against drugs.
Changes in municipal alcohol policies
Authors: Andersen Jan 
Published: January 2018

Municipalities have an important role in enacting alcohol policy in Norway. The task of the local authorities is to implement the national goals and form a locally adapted practice, mainly by controlling the availability of alcohol to the public. The local politicians experience this as an issue where they are exposed to a cross-pressure between sociopolitical concerns on the one hand and business interests on the other hand. This paper focuses on alcohol policies in municipalities which give priority to business development, especially tourism. It is based on case studies of two Norwegian municipalities. The paper first looks at the actual changes in the alcohol policy in the two municipalities, and secondly, at the decision-making process leading up to these changes. Four approaches for studying decision-making processes, inspired by a model by Jo-han P. Olsen, are used: rationality, legitimacy, power and necessity. The study found a liberalization with regard to the availability of alcoholic beverages in the two municipalities. This can be explained by changes in external conditions, changes in influential positions between different actors, and changes in public attitudes towards alcohol and interpretations of the local authorities’ ability to control the consumption of alcohol in the population. At the same time the local authorities have strengthened efforts to control licensees. This can be seen as a result of demands from the national authorities, and of the fact that this activity can be financed by a tax on the licensees. The combination of the liberalization of the license policy and the strengthening of the control of the licensees can also be seen as a compromise between different political attitudes, but where the business interests are more important than the sociopolitical concerns. The local politicians also underlined the importance of information activity aiming at influencing attitudes towards alcohol. This last mean is characterized by a legitimating function and almost restricted to rhetorics. It seems that this is more a symbolic politics. Generally the study emphasizes mechanisms indicating that the consequence of a decentralization of power to local authorities will be a more uniform liberal politics rather than more locally based differences.
Levobupivacaine
Authors: Cada Dennis J. , Baker Danial E. , Levien Terri 
Published: January 2018

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary® Monograph Service receive five to six researched monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. The monographs are published in printed Form and on diskettes that allow customization. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board called The Formulary InFormation Exchange (The F.I.X). All topics pertinent to clinical pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The November 1999 Formulary monographs are on rapacuronium, rabeprazole, zaleplon, alosetron, and ganirelix acetate. The DUE is on zaleplon.
A long-term cohort study of surgery for recurrent prolapse comparing mesh augmented anterior repairs to anterior colporrhaphy
Authors: Curtiss Natasha , Duckett Jonathan 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Background
There are safety concerns regarding the use of mesh in vaginal surgery with a call for long-term follow-up data. This study was designed to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of vaginal repairs performed for recurrent cystocele using Perigee (non-absorbable trans-obturator) mesh.

Methods
A retrospective consecutive cohort of 48 women who underwent surgery for recurrent prolapse between March 2007 and December 2011 in a single centre was reviewed. Satisfaction was assessed using the patient global impression of improvement (PGI-I). Symptoms were assessed with the pelvic floor distress inventory (PFDI). Women were questioned regarding pain, sexual activity and pelvic floor surgery performed since the original procedure and examined for erosion. Women were compared to 25 controls from a consecutive cohort of repeat anterior colporrhapies.

Results
The mean length of follow-up was 6.5 years (78 months; range 48–106). Significantly more women in the mesh group reported that they were “much better” or “very much better” (69 vs 40% p = 0.02). The rate of mesh erosion at follow-up was 11.6%. Two women in the mesh group required surgical excision of eroded mesh in the operating room (4%). The reoperation rate for a combination of de novo stress incontinence, recurrent prolapse and mesh exposure was similar in each group (33% mesh vs 32% native tissue).

Conclusions
A vaginal mesh repair using a non-absorbable trans-obturator mesh has improved satisfaction compared to an anterior colporrhaphy.
Do employers in Myanmar prefer workers who accumulated skills in more advanced countries? Evidence from a field experiment
Authors: Wah Saw Htay 
Published: January 2018

AbstractI conducted an audit study in Yangon, Myanmar, to examine the effects of foreign labor market experience on employment outcomes in the Myanmar labor market focusing on three skilled occupation groups—software developer, accountant, and engineer—which combined account for more than 80% of all professional and technical job openings. I find heterogeneous effects by employer type (local, foreigner), occupation (software developer, accountant, engineer), and foreign country where such experience was accumulated (Singapore, Malaysia). In particular, I find a large and significant effect for software developers who accumulated experience in Singapore and no significant effect for the same experience accumulated in Malaysia; the Singapore effect is mainly due to foreign employers operating in Myanmar. In contrast, I find no significant effects of foreign experience for accountants and engineers. This is true for both the Singapore and Malaysia experiences, as well as for local and foreign employers.JEL Classification:O15, J01, F22