bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POST OCCUPANCY EVALUATION OF SUSTAINABLE SCHOOLS AND CHILDREN'S WAYS OF KNOWING: NEW DIRECTIONS IN TEACHING AND RESEARCH
Authors: Wheeler Andrea 
Published: September 2017

INTRODUCTION Architecture is now more than ever dominated by scientific method. This paper examines what is really at stake when designing sustainable architecture. It is a methodological study and focused on science as understood in Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) of sustainable buildings, specifically school buildings. Questions raised in this paper include the very real problem of designing for children’s comfort and education in school architecture, but also much wider issues than simply those of the design of children’s environments. Children's ways of knowing, thinking and feeling, represent the antithesis of what might be considered reliable feedback about the performance of a building. Children are not considered to have the same status as adult human beings; the truth of their experience, their understanding of reality, the reliability of their data, is in question. Diverse ways of constructing knowledge are recognized by researchers, even in the field of construction, but even from the perspective of contemporary architectural theory, working with children tends to be seen as the extreme of what is possible in the co-production of knowledge. Children's contribution and their right to research has dubious significance for many, but the problem exposes a conflict between different world views at stake in design for a community, especially a community as extensive as that for a school, and for scientific method which is at the forefront of research in sustainable design and building evaluation. Green or sustainable schools are an important site from which to explore the broad questions of changing social behaviors, inclusivity and difference–as well as the more usual reductions in energy efficiency and innovation in material production. Building performance studies, including post-occupancy evaluations (POE), are increasingly taking into account not only the performance of buildings, in terms of energy and water efficiency, but also the behavioral and social dimensions of sustainability, in order to assess the actuality of sustainable buildings, rather than simply design intent. Within the field of construction research, scholars are increasingly challenging methods adopted to collect performance data, questioning tools and measures, and highlighting the complexity of the impact of any building in its environment, including its social or economic contexts. Innovative ethnographic and art-based research methodologies are being adopted as examples of new ways to examine building users' relationship to their environments and this has included building contractors' experiences (Pink et al 2010). Nevertheless, these are experimental studies with little exploration as yet, and little impact on the industry and professions.
Pourquoi la philosophie indienne ne doit pas être laissée aux seuls philosophes
Authors: Bronkhorst Johannes 
Published: September 2017

Des historiens de l’astronomie, de la linguistique ou de la médecine indiennes anciennes, on attend généralement qu’ils soient familiers des contreparties occidentales modernes de ces disciplines. Mais qu’en est-il de la philosophie ? Et tout d’abord, existe-t-il en Inde ancienne quelque chose comme une philosophie dont on pourrait faire l’histoire ? Et si oui, qui en sera le meilleur exégète ? Le philosophe attentif aux enjeux systématiques, ou l’historien sensible aux contextes de production ? L’auteur apporte ici sa contribution à un débat qui agite périodiquement, et aujourd’hui à nouveau, les études indiennes et bouddhiques, en soulignant l’importance de la deuxième approche.
Philosopher en milieu bouddhique
Authors: Eltschinger Vincent 
Published: September 2017

Une généalogie de la philosophie en milieu bouddhique indien révèle que celle-ci, loin de prendre racine dans une réflexion exégétique ou dogmatique, prolonge en le consolidant un souci déjà canonique de démontrer l’inanité des doctrines et des pratiques sotériologiques concurrentes du bouddhisme naissant. En d’autres termes, la philosophie en milieu bouddhique – qu’on ne confondra pas avec la « philosophie bouddhique », si cette expression a seulement un sens – possède, dès son origine, un double caractère doxolytique et apologétique qui s’explique par le pluralisme religieux dans lequel elle s’inscrit. Ce constat n’en contredit nullement la sophistication méthodologique, argumentative et terminologique, qu’elle partage avec la philosophie « occidentale ».
A comparison of the antibacterial activity of some African black soaps and medicated soaps commonly used for the treatment of bacteria-infected wound
Authors: Olajuyigbe Olufunmiso O. , Adeoye-Isijola Morenike O. , Adedayo Otunola 
Published: September 2017

Background: Black soap is a medicinal product that could be harnessed for economic purpose if properly packaged, and misconception about its traditional use by herbalists is thrown overboard.Aims: To promote the relevance of these soaps for economic development, this study compared the antibacterial activity of black soaps with medicated soaps widely used against bacterial infections.Methods: The antibacterial activities of these soap samples were determined by agar diffusion and macrobroth dilution methods.Results: In this study, the statistical analysis of the inhibition zones showed that black soaps were significantly (p < 0.05) more active than medicated soaps used against the test bacterial isolates. The black soaps inhibited and killed the isolates better than the medicated soaps at the different concentrations used. The minimum inhibitory concentration for Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis ranged between 0.125 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL, Staphylococcus aureus (0.25–4) mg/mL, Escherichia coli (0.125–4) mg/mL and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1–4) mg/mL. The result showed that K. pneumoniae and E. faecalis were the most susceptible, followed by E. faecalis > E. coli > S. aureus > P. aeruginosa.Conclusion: As a valuable medicinal output derivable from organic waste product that could be converted to wealth, African black soap production, utilisation and commercialisation have tremendous economic potentials. These soaps showed significant antibacterial activity greater than those of the medicated soaps. Hence, their use could be a better option in place of commercially available medicated and antiseptic soaps because of the degree of antibacterial activities they exhibited.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in a 13-month-old boy with lysinuric protein intolerance
Authors: Stanley Robert F. , Licata Michael , Sinha Arpan , Wang Yanhua 
Published: September 2017

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a clinical syndrome that can be inherited or acquired. Herein, we report a case of HLH and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) in the setting of lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI) in a male toddler who presented with prolonged fever, respiratory distress, and failure to thrive. On histologic examination, hemophagocytosis was observed in lymph node, bone marrow sections and aspirates. Lung wedge resection was consistent with PAP. LPI was confirmed with genetic sequencing which revealed compound heterozygous mutations in the SLC7A7 gene. LPI is a rare inborn error of metabolism and is not widely known beyond the pediatric group. Though the association of LPI with HLH has been previously described, we believe this is the first reported case of HLH and PAP associated LPI with histopathological correlation. Early recognition of HLH is critical to successful treatment and LPI should be considered in any young infant who presents with HLH- and PAP-related symptoms.
The World (of Warcraft) through the eyes of an expert
Authors: Marzouki Yousri , Dusaucy Valériane , Chanceaux Myriam , Mathôt Sebastiaan 
Published: September 2017

Negative correlations between pupil size and the tendency to look at salient locations were found in recent studies (e.g., Mathôt et al., 2015). It is hypothesized that this negative correlation might be explained by the mental effort put by participants in the task that leads in return to pupil dilation. Here we present an exploratory study on the effect of expertise on eye-movement behavior. Because there is no available standard tool to evaluate WoW players’ expertise, we built an off-game questionnaire testing players’ knowledge about WoW and acquired skills through completed raids, highest rated battlegrounds, Skill Points, etc. Experts (N = 4) and novices (N = 4) in the massively multiplayer online role-playing game World of Warcraft (WoW) viewed 24 designed video segments from the game that differ in regards with their content (i.e, informative locations) and visual complexity (i.e, salient locations). Consistent with previous studies, we found a negative correlation between pupil size and the tendency to look at salient locations (experts, r = − .17, p < .0001, and novices, r = − .09, p < .0001). This correlation has been interpreted in terms of mental effort: People are inherently biased to look at salient locations (sharp corners, bright lights, etc.), but are able (i.e., experts) to overcome this bias if they invest sufficient mental effort. Crucially, we observed that this correlation was stronger for expert WoW players than novice players (Z = − 3.3, p = .0011). This suggests that experts learned to improve control over eye-movement behavior by guiding their eyes towards informative, but potentially low-salient areas of the screen. These findings may contribute to our understanding of what makes an expert an expert.
Trichoplax adhaerensreveals a network of nuclear receptors sensitive to 9-cis-retinoic acid at the base of metazoan evolution
Authors: Novotný Jan Philipp , Chughtai Ahmed Ali , Kostrouchová Markéta , Kostrouchová Veronika , Kostrouch David , Kaššák Filip , Kaňa Radek , Schierwater Bernd , Kostrouchová Marta , Kostrouch Zdenek 
Published: September 2017

Trichoplax adhaerens, the only known species of Placozoa is likely to be closely related to an early metazoan that preceded branching of Cnidaria and Bilateria. This animal species is surprisingly well adapted to free life in the World Ocean inhabiting tidal costal zones of oceans and seas with warm to moderate temperatures and shallow waters. The genome ofT. adhaerens(sp. Grell) includes four nuclear receptors, namely orthologue of RXR (NR2B), HNF4 (NR2A), COUP-TF (NR2F) and ERR (NR3B) that show a high degree of similarity with human orthologues. In the case of RXR, the sequence identity to human RXR alpha reaches 81% in the DNA binding domain and 70% in the ligand binding domain. We show thatT. adhaerensRXR (TaRXR) binds 9-cisretinoic acid (9-cis-RA) with high affinity, as well as high specificity and that exposure ofT. adhaerensto 9-cis-RA regulates the expression of the putativeT. adhaerensorthologue of vertebrate L-malate-NADP+oxidoreductase (EC 1.1.1.40) which in vertebrates is regulated by a heterodimer of RXR and thyroid hormone receptor. Treatment by 9-cis-RA alters the relative expression profile ofT. adhaerensnuclear receptors, suggesting the existence of natural ligands. Keeping with this, algal food composition has a profound effect onT. adhaerensgrowth and appearance. We show that nanomolar concentrations of 9-cis-RA interfere withT. adhaerensgrowth response to specific algal food and causes growth arrest. Our results uncover an endocrine-like network of nuclear receptors sensitive to 9-cis-RA inT. adhaerensand support the existence of a ligand-sensitive network of nuclear receptors at the base of metazoan evolution.
Unraveling the diversification history of grasshoppers belonging to the “Trimerotropis pallidipennis”(Oedipodinae: Acrididae) species group: a hotspot of biodiversity in the Central Andes
Authors: Guzmán Noelia Verónica , Pietrokovsky Silvia Mónica , Cigliano Maria Marta , Confalonieri Viviana Andrea 
Published: September 2017

The Andean Mountain range has been recognized as one of the biodiversity hotspots of the world. The proposed mechanisms for such species diversification, among others, are due to the elevation processes occurring during the Miocene and the intensive glacial action during the Pleistocene. In this study we investigated the diversification history of the grasshopperTrimerotropis pallidipennisspecies complex which shows a particularly wide latitudinal and altitudinal distribution range across the northern, central and southern Andes in South America. Many genetic lineages of this complex have been so far discovered, making it an excellent model to investigate the role of the central Andes Mountains together with climatic fluctuations as drivers of speciation. Phylogenetics, biogeographic and molecular clock analyses using a multi-locus dataset revealed that in Peru there are at least two, and possibly four genetic lineages. Two different stocks originated from a common ancestor from North/Central America—would have dispersed toward southern latitudes favored by the closure of the Panama Isthmus giving rise to two lineages, the coastal and mountain lineages, which still coexist in Peru (i.e.,T. pallidipennisandT. andeana). Subsequent vicariant and dispersal events continued the differentiation process, giving rise to three to six genetic lineages (i.e., clades) detected in this study, which were geographically restricted to locations dispersed over the central Andes Mountains in South America. Our results provide another interesting example of “island diversification” motored by the topography plus unstable climatic conditions during the Pleistocene, pointing out the presence of a hotspot of diversification in the Andean region of Peru.
Prevalência de Síndrome de Turner e comparação de parâmetros hormonais e bioquímicos em pacientes com suspeita clínica da síndrome atendida no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
Authors: Abreu Fabiana Guichard de , Dani Caroline , Maluf Sharbel Weidner 
Published: September 2017

<p><strong>Introdução: </strong>A síndrome de Turner (ST) é uma doença genética caracterizada pela monossomia do cromossomo X, cujas características incluem alterações no desenvolvimento sexual e malformações congênitas, como baixa estatura. <strong>Objetivo: </strong>Investigar a prevalência de ST em mulheres com suspeita clinica da doença através do cariótipo de sangue periférico, bem como comparar parâmetros hormonais e bioquímicos entre pacientes não portadoras da síndrome e de pacientes com diagnóstico confirmado de ST. <strong>Metodologia: </strong>Foram analisados prontuários de 129 pacientes com idade entre 15 e 45 anos encaminhadas ao Serviço de Genética Médica do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre com suspeita clínica de ST. <strong>Resultados: </strong>Das 129 pacientes avaliadas, 98 (76%) apresentavam cariótipo 46,XX consideradas pacientes não portadoras da síndrome, e 31 (24%) apresentavam cariótipo 45, X / 46,X,i(X) / 46,X,r(X), com diagnóstico confirmado da síndrome. Duas (6,4%) das pacientes com ST faziam uso de hormônio do crescimento (HC), sendo que todas apresentavam estatura diminuída e três (9,6%) tinham ausência de úteros e ovários. Quando comparados os parâmetros hormonais foi verificado que o hormônio folículo estimulante e o hormônio luteinizante estavam aumentados nas pacientes com ST, já o estradiol encontrou-se diminuído (p&lt;0,05). Não foi encontrada diferença significativa nos parâmetros idade, peso, índice de massa corporal, prolactina, glicose, tiroxina livre, hormônio estimulante da tireoide e cálcio total entre as pacientes avaliadas. <strong>Conclusão: </strong>Não foi observada uma frequência maior de alterações nos parâmetros bioquímicos e hormonais devido ao baixo número de mulheres adultas avaliadas, poucas faziam tratamento com HC, e grande parte ainda sem completa reposição estrogênica. Entretanto, foi evidenciada a alteração dos hormônios sexuais e a baixa estatura características de portadoras de ST e uma prevalência de ST que corrobora com dados recentes da literatura através do diagnóstico citogenético. </p>
Desconforto no trato vocal em professores do ensino fundamental
Authors: Rocha de Souza Lourdes Bernadete , Araujo Pernambuco Leandro , Rodrigues de Lima Carla , Marques dos Santos Marquiony 
Published: September 2017

<p><strong>Introdução</strong>: A percepção de desconforto durante a produção da voz é um fator que pode interferir no desempenho da atividade laboral de professores, portanto, deve ser investigada. <strong>Objetivo: </strong>verificar percepção de desconforto do trato vocal em professores do ensino fundamental, e associar os resultados à idade, sexo, carga horária de trabalho e tempo de profissão. <strong>Metodologia</strong>: estudo observacional, tipo seccional. Amostra composta por 43 professores do ensino fundamental, de ambos os sexos, faixa etária entre 22 e 61 anos, média de idade de 42,5 anos. Os sujeitos responderam o protocolo de Desconforto do Trato Vocal, instrumento de autoavaliação que busca identificar a percepção sensorial de desconforto do trato vocal de acordo com a frequência e gravidade de oito sintomas, em uma escala de 0 (nunca) a 6 (sempre). A análise dos dados foi realizada de forma descritiva e analítica. A análise foi realizada por meio dos testes de Wilcoxon e Mann Whitney, com nível de significância de 5%. <strong>Resultados: </strong>todos os participantes desse estudo relataram sintoma de desconforto no trato vocal. Os sintomas mais frequentes foram secura e garganta irritada. Não houve associação entre frequência e intensidade dos sintomas de desconforto do trato vocal, sexo, carga horária semanal de trabalho e tempo de profissão. Houve relação entre os sintomas aperto na garganta e garganta irritada com a idade. <strong>Conclusão: </strong>houve elevada frequência de percepção de desconforto do trato vocal nessa amostra. Houve associação entre os sintomas aperto na garganta e garganta irritada nos professores com idade mais elevada. Os sintomas relacionados ao trato vocal devem ser levados em consideração no sentido de compreender as necessidades dos professores em suas atividades laborais.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p>
Saúde bucal: a importância dos enxaguatórios com antissépticos
Authors: Araujo Danilo Barral de , Gonçalves Elvira Maria Borges , Martins Gabriela Botelho , Lima Max José Pimenta , Araújo Maria Thereza Barral 
Published: September 2017

<p><strong>Introdução: </strong>Indicado com frequência no controle químico da placa bacteriana, os enxaguatórios bucais se constituem no meio mais simples para veiculação de substâncias antissépticas, sendo recomendada sua prescrição com vistas à prevenção e ao tratamento de afecções específicas, destacadamente, a cárie e a doença periodontal. <strong>Objetivo</strong>: Este estudo visa descrever os componentes antissépticos que integram os enxaguatórios bucais, delinear seus mecanismos de ação e os efeitos colaterais. <strong>Metodologia</strong>: Tendo como referência a literatura científica, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática sobre o tema através de consulta às bases dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, LILACS e SciELO. <strong>Resultados</strong>: Na formulação dos enxaguatórios bucais destacam-se os princípios ativos com atividade antisséptica, clorexidina, cloreto de cetilpiridínio, triclosan gantrez e os óleos essenciais timol, mentol, eucaliptol e o salicilato de metila diluídos em água e ou álcool. A esses fármacos são acrescidas várias substâncias entre as quais, benzoato de sódio, adoçantes (xilitol ou sacarina, por exemplo), propilenoglicol, EDTA, poloxâmero, hidróxido de sódio, lauril sulfato de sódio, polietilenoglicol e aromatizantes. <strong>Conclusão</strong>: É relevante para a preservação da saúde bucal, a indicação sob supervisão de enxaguatórios com antissépticos, sendo essencial que os acadêmicos de odontologia e os cirurgiões-dentistas tenham domínio da composição química, da ação farmacológica, dos efeitos colaterais e de possível ameaça de risco à saúde que os princípios ativos e as substâncias complementares são capazes de produzir.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><strong> </strong></p>
Perfil socioeconômico de adolescentes grávidas atendidas no centro de referência da saúde da mulher na cidade de São Francisco do Conde – BA
Authors: Alves Leila Gadea , Alves Lívia Gadea , Pereira Unara Xavier , Rocha Selene Prado , Junior Howard Ribeiro , Barros-Nepomuceno Francisco Washington Araújo 
Published: September 2017

<p style="margin: 0cm; margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; tab-stops: 108.7pt center 212.6pt;">Introdução: a adolescência é o período da vida caracterizado pela transição da infância a fase adulta de um indivíduo. Marcado por alterações em diversos níveis (físico, mental e social), a adolescência, geralmente, inicia aos 12 anos e estende-se até os 18. Muitos estudos têm demonstrado o aumento da prevalência da gravidez na adolescência no Brasil e demonstraram ser este um tema importante a ser avaliado como problema de saúde pública. Objetivo: descrever o perfil sócio-econômico das adolescentes grávidas sanfranciscanas atendidas e acompanhadas pelo Centro de Referência à Saúde da Mulher (CRESAM) no período de 2010 a 2013. Metodologia: estudo descritivo baseado na análise de prontuários de adolescentes grávidas atendidas e que realizaram o pré-natal no CRESAM. Foi aplicado um instrumento de registro de dados e as informações coletadas (idade, escolaridade, estado civil e condição econômica) foram organizadas, analisadas e tabuladas com o auxílio do Microsoft Office Excel 2010. Resultados: os principais resultados demonstraram que as adolescentes grávidas acompanhadas pelo CRESAM de São Francisco do Conde, Bahia, no período de 2010 a 2013, são casadas, realizaram o acompanhamento pré-natal, apresentam baixa formação educacional e recursos financeiros limitados para prover sua sobrevivência. Conclusão: acredita-se que cabe aos profissionais de saúde e/ou de áreas afins, com o apoio da Secretária de Saúde e Secretária de desenvolvimento e ação social do município de São Francisco do Conde, desenvolver ações que orientem sobre o planejamento familiar, a importância do acompanhamento pré-natal e sobre o tema de gravidez na adolescência para os jovens sanfranciscanos. </p>