bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discrete Nonlinear Optimization by State-Space Decompositions
Authors: Bergman David , Cire Andre A. 
Published: November 2017

This paper investigates a decomposition approach for binary optimization problems with nonlinear objectives and linear constraints. Our methodology relies on the partition of the objective function into separate low-dimensional dynamic programming (DP) models, each of which can be equivalently represented as a shortest-path problem in an underlying state-transition graph. We show that the associated transition graphs can be related by a mixed-integer linear program (MILP) so as to produce exact solutions to the original nonlinear problem. To address DPs with large state spaces, we present a general relaxation mechanism that dynamically aggregates states during the construction of the transition graphs. The resulting MILP provides both lower and upper bounds to the nonlinear function, and it may be embedded in branch-and-bound procedures to find provably optimal solutions. We describe how to specialize our technique for structured objectives (e.g., submodular functions) and consider three problems arising in revenue management, portfolio optimization, and healthcare. Numerical studies indicate that the proposed technique often outperforms state-of-the-art approaches by orders of magnitude in these applications. Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2849 . This paper was accepted by Yinyu Ye, optimization.
Wage Elasticities in Working and Volunteering: The Role of Reference Points in a Laboratory Study
Authors: Exley Christine L. , Terry Stephen J. 
Published: November 2017

We experimentally test how effort responds to wages—randomly assigned to accrue to individuals or to a charity—in the presence of expectations-based reference points or targets. When individuals earn money for themselves, higher wages lead to higher effort with relatively muted targeting behavior. When individuals earn money for a charity, higher wages instead lead to lower effort with substantial targeting behavior. A reference-dependent theoretical framework suggests an explanation for this differential impact: when individuals place less value on earnings, such as when accruing earnings for a charity instead of themselves, more targeting behavior and a more sluggish response to incentives should result. Results from an additional experiment add support to this explanation. When individuals select into earning money for a charity and thus likely place a higher value on those earnings, targeting behavior is muted and no longer generates a negative effort response to higher wages.Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2870 .This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
Dairy Consumption and Body Mass Index Among Adults: Mendelian Randomization Analysis of 184802 Individuals from 25 Studies
Authors:   Mendelian Randomization of Dairy Consumption Working Group, Huang Tao , Ding Ming , Bergholdt Helle K M , Wang Tiange , Heianza Yoriko , Sun Dianjianyi , Frazier-Wood Alexis C , Aslibekyan Stella , North Kari E , Voortman Trudy , Graff Mariaelisa , Smith Caren E , Lai Chao-Qiang , Varbo Anette , Lemaitre Rozenn N , de Jonge M Ester A L , Fumeron Frédéric , Corella Dolores , Wang Carol A , Tjønneland Anne , Overvad Kim , Sørensen Thorkild I A , Feitosa Mary F , Wojczynski Mary K , Kähönen Mika , Renström Frida , Psaty Bruce M , Siscovick David S , Barroso Inês , Johansson Ingegerd , Hernandez Dena , Ferrucci Luigi , Bandinelli Stefania , Linneberg Allan , Zillikens M Carola , Sandholt Camilla Helene , Pedersen Oluf , Hansen Torben , Schulz Christina-Alexandra , Sonestedt Emily , Orho-Melander Marju , Chen Tzu-An , Rotter Jerome I , Allison Mathew A , Rich Stephen S , Sorlí Jose V , Coltell Oscar , Pennell Craig E , Eastwood Peter , Hofman Albert , Uitterlinden Andre G , van Rooij Frank J A , Chu Audrey Y , Rose Lynda M , Ridker Paul M , Viikari Jorma , Raitakari Olli , Lehtimäki Terho , Mikkilä Vera , Willett Walter C , Wang Yujie , Tucker Katherine L , Ordovas Jose M , Kilpeläinen Tuomas O , Province Michael A , Franks Paul W , Arnett Donna K , Tanaka Toshiko , Toft Ulla , Ericson Ulrika , Franco Oscar H , Mozaffarian Dariush , Hu Frank B , Chasman Daniel I , Nordestgaard Børge G , Ellervik Christina , Qi Lu 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Associations between dairy intake and body mass index (BMI) have been inconsistently observed in epidemiological studies, and the causal relationship remains ill defined.

METHODS
We performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using an established dairy intake-associated genetic polymorphism located upstream of the lactase gene (LCT-13910 C/T, rs4988235) as an instrumental variable (IV). Linear regression models were fitted to analyze associations between (a) dairy intake and BMI, (b) rs4988235 and dairy intake, and (c) rs4988235 and BMI in each study. The causal effect of dairy intake on BMI was quantified by IV estimators among 184802 participants from 25 studies.

RESULTS
Higher dairy intake was associated with higher BMI (β = 0.03 kg/m2 per serving/day; 95% CI, 0.00–0.06; P = 0.04), whereas the LCT genotype with 1 or 2 T allele was significantly associated with 0.20 (95% CI, 0.14–0.25) serving/day higher dairy intake (P = 3.15 × 10−12) and 0.12 (95% CI, 0.06–0.17) kg/m2 higher BMI (P = 2.11 × 10−5). MR analysis showed that the genetically determined higher dairy intake was significantly associated with higher BMI (β = 0.60 kg/m2 per serving/day; 95% CI, 0.27–0.92; P = 3.0 × 10−4).

CONCLUSIONS
The present study provides strong evidence to support a causal effect of higher dairy intake on increased BMI among adults.
Reflexiones sobre aspectos de la enseñanza de la matemática en diálogo con algunos autores de filosofía de la educación
Authors: CADOCHE Lilian 
Published: November 2017

Desde hace varios años en la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral, un equipo de docentes-investigadores de la cátedra de Matemática trabaja en una propuesta de “Aprendizaje Cooperativo” en la que se estimulan y evalúan habilidades sociales imprescindibles para una correcta interacción. En este artículo se intenta dialogar con algunos autores de textos de filosofía, en los que se plantean cuestiones relacionadas con comunicación, lenguaje, símbolo, significado y placer, de cuya lectura y relaciones se desprenden aspectos relacionados con las mencionadas competencias sociales. En Matemática, la comunicación y el lenguaje, refieren al empleo de palabras y símbolos cuyo significado es diferente según el contexto en el que se empleen, y el significado atribuible a una palabra/símbolo puede ser absolutamente distinto en matemática que en el lenguaje cotidiano. Al finalizar el artículo se menciona, cómo significado y placer retratan quiénes son los estudiantes, cómo se ven a sí mismos, y cómo construyen una visión particular de su futuro.
Performance of Different Timed Up and Go Subtasks in Frailty Syndrome
Authors: Ansai Juliana Hotta , Farche Ana Claudia Silva , Rossi Paulo Giusti , de Andrade Larissa Pires , Nakagawa Theresa Helissa , Takahashi Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros 
Published: November 2017

Background and Purpose:
Gait speed, mobility, and postural transitions should be taken into account in older adults with frailty syndrome and can be assessed by the Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test. However, it is unclear which TUG subtasks have greater influence in identifying frail people and whether prefrail individuals present with any reduced subtask performance. The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in performance of TUG subtasks between frail, prefrail, and nonfrail older adults.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was performed with community-dwelling older adults, including 43 nonfrail, 30 prefrail, and 7 frail individuals. The TUG subtasks (sit-to-stand, walking forward, turning, walking back, and turn-to-sit) were assessed using a Qualisys motion system. Data were captured by Qualisys Track Manager software and processed by Visual 3D software. The Matlab program was used to detect, separate, and analyze the TUG subtasks. Statistical significance was set at α= .05 and SigmaPlot software (11.0) was used.

Results and Discussion:
The total time to complete the TUG was significantly longer among frail participants than among those who were prefrail and nonfrail. Statistically significant differences in temporal parameters in the turning, walking forward, and walking back subtasks between nonfrail/prefrail and frail older people were found. In addition, the transition TUG subtasks (average and peak velocities of the trunk) distinguished the frail group from the other groups, demonstrating altered quality of movement.

Conclusions:
The findings support the value of analyzing the TUG subtasks to improve understanding of mobility deficits in frailty syndrome.
Effect of Postactivation Potentiation Induced by Elastic Resistance on Kinematics and Performance in a Roundhouse Kick of Trained Martial Arts Practitioners
Authors: Aandahl Håkon S. , Von Heimburg Erna , Van den Tillaar Roland 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Aandahl, HS, Von Heimburg, E, and Van den Tillaar, R. Effect of postactivation potentiation induced by elastic resistance on kinematics and performance in a roundhouse kick of trained martial arts practitioners. J Strength Cond Res 32(4): 990–996, 2018—The aim of this study was to examine whether kicking with elastic resistance during warm-up could initiate postactivation potentiation (PAP), and thereby positively influence kinematics and performance on subsequent explosive roundhouse kicking. Five women and 11 men (n = 16) with a background in kickboxing (n = 10) or taekwondo (n = 6) performed 2 warm-up strategies with 3 subsequent test kicks 5–8 minutes after a PAP-inducing exercise. Kicking performance, defined as roundhouse kicking velocity with the foot, was measured using 3D motion capture (500 Hz) with a 15 marker lower-body 3D model. In addition, electromyography of the prime movers—vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and rectus femoris muscles—was measured to confirm the presence of PAP. Kicking velocity of the foot increased by 3.3% after performing a warming-up strategy including kicking with elastic resistance (p = 0.009, η2 = 0.32). Increases were also recorded in muscle activity in vastus medialis (35.2%, p = 0.05, η2 = 0.18) and rectus femoris (43.9%, p = 0.04, η2 = 0.20). These findings indicate that performing a warm-up strategy including kicking with elastic resistance can have a positive effect on kicking performance in a roundhouse kick.
Hyperactivity of the Sympatho-Adrenomedullary System Without Any Modification of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis After Food Restriction Among High-Level Weightlifters
Authors: Durguerian Alexandre , Filaire Edith , Drogou Catherine , Sauvet Fabien , Bougard Clément , Chennaoui Mounir 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Durguerian, A, Filaire, E, Drogou, C, Sauvet, F, Bougard, C, and Chennaoui, M. Hyperactivity of the sympatho-adrenomedullary system without any modification of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis after food restriction among high-level weightlifters. J Strength Cond Res 32(6): 1643–1655, 2018—We examined the effects of 6 days of food restriction on salivary α-amylase (sAA), cortisol and dehydroepiandrostenedione (DHEA) awakening responses, psychological parameters and performance among 11 international weightlifters. Assessments were made at baseline (T1) and 6 days after a normal period of training while maintaining body weight (T2). Then, participants were assigned to 2 groups depending on whether they lost (Diet group) or maintained (Control group) their body mass. Anthropometric, psychological, physical, and physiological assessments were also realized 6 days (T3) after the restricted dietary period for the Diet group. Food restriction (T3) induced a significant rise of sAA awakening response (364.6%, p ≤ 0.05), whereas no significant variations were observed among the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (cortisol and DHEA). Significant alterations of the general Recovery Score and General stress Score, evaluated through the Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for athletes, were noted after food restriction. Weightlifting performance, evaluated during a simulated weightlifting competition, was maintained after the 6-day food restriction; we even noted an increased weightlifting performance related to body mass (Sinclair coefficient). Our findings support the hypothesis that food restriction induces a challenging situation to the organism, resulting in an asymmetry between the 2 stress systems activation. These results reinforce the necessity to cautiously plan and monitor the weight regulation process before competition to avoid potential negative outcomes on psychophysiological parameters. In this regard, the psychobiological approach, especially the awakening responses, seems a useful tool.
Fracture Toughness of Glass Epoxy Laminates Using Carbon Nano Particles and ETBN Rubber
Authors: Shivakumar Gouda P. S. , Chatterjee Vijay , Siddaramaiah  , Barhai P. K. , G. B. Veeresh Kumar 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Fiber-reinforced laminated composites have excellent mechanical properties along the fiber in-plane direction. However, they do not have very good properties in the transverse direction. The objective of this research is to deal with this problem by using graphene oxide (GO), plasma-treated multiwall carbon nanotubes, and nanodiamond extra pure powder with epoxy-terminated butadiene nitrile liquid rubber to improve the through-thickness fracture toughness of glass/epoxy unidirectional pre-preg laminates. The experimental results show that by adding carbon nanoparticles with rubber in small quantities, the mode-I interlaminar critical energy release rate can be improved by 50 to 103 %. Furthermore, it was observed that there was an increase in flexural stiffness by 15 % with the addition of nanodiamond extra pure powder to rubber. However, when GO was used, the mode-I interlaminar fracture toughness improvement was reduced as compared to other nanoparticles modified by glass/epoxy fiber laminates. The fracture surfaces were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy to understand the increase in toughness in modified glass epoxy pre-peg laminate system.
Teljes gyomorkimeneti elzáródás ritka esete: gyomorgyűrű eltávolítását követő belső kizáródás
Authors: Ondrejka Pál , Siket† Ferenc , Bakos Mária , Vámos Márta , Novák András , Sugár István 
Published: November 2017

Absztrakt:
Az extrém kövérség kezelésére kifejlesztett eljárások közül az állítható
gyomorgyűrű korábban igen elterjedt volt. Alkalmazását azonban számos késői
panasz, illetve szövődmény kísérte, ezért egyre gyakrabban fordul elő, hogy
eltávolításra kerülnek. Egy ilyen beavatkozás után fél évvel kialakult teljes
gyomorkimeneti elzáródás klinikai képét előidéző belső kizáródás esetét mutatjuk
be. A belső kizáródást az okozta, hogy a pylorusrégió becsúszott a gyűrű
eltávolításakor készített plicatio és a gyomorcorpus fala közé. A beteg a műtéti
megoldás után gyógyult. Hasonló okból kialakult gyomorelzáródás esetével az
irodalom tanulmányozása során nem találkoztunk.
Atypical Presentation of Infantile Hepatic Hemangioma: A Case Study
Authors: Sartori Ashley , Omansky Gayle Leary , Ringer Steven 
Published: November 2017

AbstractInfantile hepatic hemangioma (IHH) is the most common benign hepatic tumor of infancy. It is characterized by rapid proliferation in the first year of life, followed by slow involution during childhood. Presentation can range from asymptomatic to severe, high-output congestive heart failure (CHF). The purpose of this article is to review the case of an infant with an atypical presentation of IHH. It also addresses pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, and multidisciplinary team care.
FEMALE IDENTITY AND MAGICAL REALISM IN NATIVE AMERICAN AND AFRO AMERICAN WOMEN WRITING: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LOUISE ERDRICH’S TRACKS AND TONY MORRISON’S BELOVED
Authors: Ahmad Mumtaz , Fatima Kaneez 
Published: November 2017

<p>This research article is an attempt to evaluate the Native and Afro American women writers ‘sustained efforts to articulate a continuous and internal cultural female identity by constructing re evaluative narratives that deconstruct institutionally supported universal female images inflicted upon the third and fourth world women by the first world feminist intelligentsia. To do so these women writers radically depart from the conventions of Euro American stylistic, formal and structural modalities of the narrative and use instead a stylistic mosaic allowing the native and black oral traditions to imbricate with the white normative models. Since literature and arts have always been an effective medium, an expansive domain, and a discursive field where writers have been voicing the aureate human feelings, conflicting passions and the continuous struggles of the different societal segments, especially of deprived strata against those who maintain and perpetuate their cultural and political hegemony by suppressing the subalterns, the women writers from the fourth world ethnic communities have expressed whole range of the intensely personal and communal human emotions that radiate from the springboard of social, cultural, historic and political practices One of the significant features that the Native American and Afro American women writers often demonstrate include the use of magical realist strategies that express, on one hand, their efforts to indigenize narrative and, on the other hand, help them construct female identity from their own perspective since, within main concerns of contemporary fourth world feminist criticism, the (re) construction of female identity merits special attention and analysis. The stereotypical discursive construction of the Native and Afro American women by the dominant Euro American discourses bracketed them into essentialist categories glossing over the medley of vital differences that these women reveal in their social, cultural, anthropological and sexual strictures. Tackling the issue of the discursive construction of female identity that involves conceptual and perspectival problems, both Native American and Afro American women writers deconstruct the sweeping generalization of the fourth world women by challenging and subverting the clichéd images replacing them with empowered and agentive subjects who are no more subjected to, what Gyatri Spivk conceptualizes, subalternity and “epistemic violence”.</p>
First Year Learning Experiences of University Undergraduates in the Use of Open Educational Resources in Online Learning
Authors: Afolabi Folashade 
Published: November 2017

This study investigated -the first year University undergraduates’ experiences in the use of open educational resources (OER) in online learning and their in-course achievement. The design selected for the study was survey and quasi-experimental. A total number of 106 University undergraduates participated in the study after a preliminary study was conducted to ascertain undergraduates’ perception and acceptability of OER. A structured questionnaire on 4-point Likert scale and Achievement Test were used to collect data. The two instruments were validated and trial tested to established reliability using Cronbach’s alpha. Data were analysed using simple percentage and t-test. The results clearly shown that understanding of online learners’ skills, acceptability, perception, and competencies is necessary to provide intervention strategy and appropriate support service which could facilitate their understanding and learning of difficult concepts. It was also discovered that that students that have positive perception of OER performed very well in the achievement test administered.
La Teoría de Representaciones Sociales, su aplicación en los estudios de salud y enfermedad: el caso de la obesidad
Authors: Quintero Yurimay , Villarroel Jauri , Pargas Luz , Bastardo Gladys , Angarita Coromoto , Rivas José Gregorio , Castañeda Gabriel 
Published: November 2017

Introducción: Las representaciones sociales sobre la salud, son el resultado de la articulación entre las representaciones y las experiencias sobre las prácticas sanitarias. Analizar el problema de la obesidad desde el enfoque de las representaciones sociales, permitiría comprender esta problemática desde un enfoque poco abordado hasta ahora. Objetivos: Analizar la teoría de las representaciones sociales y su aplicación en los procesos de salud y enfermedad en especial sobre el problema de la obesidad. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda de documentos relacionados con Representaciones Sociales y obesidad, en las diferentes bases de datos durante los últimos 6 años, se analizaron las investigaciones encontradas en cuanto a área temática y país de origen, se analizaron y revisaron los resultados por sus principales aportes y contribuciones al área de estudio. Resultados: Un total de 1822 artículos en extenso en el área de Representaciones Sociales y salud, fueron encontrados, las principales líneas de investigación fueron, atención primaria en salud, práctica médica, salud escolar, salud del niño o niña, cáncer, VIH y /o SIDA, hipertensión arterial, Diabetes, sexualidad y prácticas alimentarias. En cuanto a las Representaciones sociales y obesidad, esta se atribuye aspectos imputables del problema a la persona (malos hábitos, falta de ejercicio, comer comida chatarra y falta de voluntad) los estudios hallados en jóvenes obesos, identificaron a la obesidad como una enfermedad y hacen referencia en general a causales como la ingesta inadecuada de comida y el sedentarismo, algunos señalan ser víctimas de bullying. En niños y niñas con obesidad, se encontró que la obesidad no es una enfermedad, sino una expresión fenotípica, y la consideran no deseable. Conclusión: Esta teoría constituye una interesante opción para el estudio de los significados que las personas construyen en torno a sus vínculos con la obesidad.