bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linkability measures to assess the data characteristics for record linkage
Authors: Ong Toan C , Hill Andrew , Kahn Michael G , Lembcke Lauren R , Schilling Lisa M , Grannis Shaun J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Accurate record linkage (RL) enables consolidation and de-duplication of data from disparate datasets, resulting in more comprehensive and complete patient data. However, conducting RL with low quality or unfit data can waste institutional resources on poor linkage results. We aim to evaluate data linkability to enhance the effectiveness of record linkage.

Materials and Methods
We describe a systematic approach using data fitness (“linkability”) measures, defined as metrics that characterize the availability, discriminatory power, and distribution of potential variables for RL. We used the isolation forest algorithm to detect abnormal linkability values from 188 sites in Indiana and Colorado, and manually reviewed the data to understand the cause of anomalies.

Result
We calculated 10 linkability metrics for 11 potential linkage variables (LVs) across 188 sites for a total of 20 680 linkability metrics. Potential LVs such as first name, last name, date of birth, and sex have low missing data rates, while Social Security Number vary widely in completeness among all sites. We investigated anomalous linkability values to identify the cause of many records having identical values in certain LVs, issues with placeholder values disguising data missingness, and orphan records.

Discussion
The fitness of a variable for RL is determined by its availability and its discriminatory power to uniquely identify individuals. These results highlight the need for awareness of placeholder values, which inform the selection of variables and methods to optimize RL performance.

Conclusion
Evaluating linkability measures using the isolation forest algorithm to highlight anomalous findings can help identify fitness-for-use issues that must be addressed before initiating the RL process to ensure high-quality linkage outcomes.
Effects of fermented soybean meal and supplemental methionine and lysine on growth, digestibility, body composition, and amino acid composition of Beluga (Huso huso)
Authors: Khodadoust Ali , Khoshkholgh Majidreza , Noveirian Hamid A , Mohseni Mahmoud , Khara Hossein 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
There is an increasing concern about using limited high-quality protein sources in the aquafeed industry. The alternative solution to this problem is cost-effective plant proteins such as soybean meal (SBM). However, it is better to improve plant protein-containing diets through processing and supplemental amino acids. This study aimed to examine the effects of fermented soybean meal (FSBM) and supplemental methionine and lysine (ML) in diets on growth, digestibility, and body and amino acid composition in Beluga (Huso huso). Two basal diets (490 g FM Kg−1) of fish meal (FM) and FM with ML (FM + ML) were replaced by 40%, 60%, and 80% of FSBM and FSBM + ML (FM, FSBM40, FSBM60, FSBM80, FM + ML, FSBM40 + ML, FSBM60 + ML and FSBM80 + ML; 444 g kg−1 crude protein and 19.77 MJ kg−1 gross energy). The diets were fed to triplicate groups of Beluga (394.6 ± 4.3 g) three times daily for 56 d. The results showed that Beluga fed 80% FSBM and FSBM + ML had lower growth and feed utilization. Moreover, Beluga-fed FSBM + ML performed poorer than those fed FSBM (P &lt; 0.05). No interactions between fermented SBM and ML were observed in apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) and body proximate composition except for ADC of crude lipid. ADC in Beluga fed 80% were less than other diets. Substitution of FSBM and FSBM + ML in diets significantly reduced dry matter, ash and crude lipid; Crude lipid increased in groups fed FSBM + ML (P &lt; 0.05). FSBM and FSBM + ML in 60% had higher and lower total amino acids in muscle and feces (P &lt; 0.05), respectively. Also, excreted total amino acids in feces increased with ML (P &lt; 0.05). Generally, in Beluga, FSBM-containing diets showed better effects on growth, feed utilization, whole-body lipid, and muscle and fecal amino acids than those with FSBM + ML. Fermented SBM could be replaced up to 60%.
The effects of intersexual interactions on survival can drive the evolution of female ornaments in the absence of mate limitation
Authors: Watts J Colton , Fitzpatrick Courtney L 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The evolution of sexual ornaments in animals is typically attributed to reproductive competition. However, sexual ornaments also arise in contexts where the ornamented sex is neither mate nor gamete limited, and explanations for ornamentation in these cases remain incomplete. In many species, particularly those with slow life histories, lifetime reproductive success depends more strongly on adult survival than fecundity, and survival can depend on intersexual interactions. We develop a population genetic model to investigate how the effect of intersexual interactions on survival may contribute to ornament evolution in the absence of competition for mates. Using female ornamentation in polygynous mating systems as a case study, we show that, indeed, ornaments can evolve when the ornament functions to modify interactions with males in ways that enhance a female’s own survival. The evolutionary dynamics depend qualitatively on the specific behavioral mechanism by which the ornament modifies social interactions. In all cases, the ornament’s long-term persistence is ultimately determined by the coevolution of the male locus that determines how males affect female survival. We outline the scenarios that are most likely to favor the evolution of female ornaments through the effects of intersexual interactions on survival, and we urge empirical researchers to consider the potential for this social selection mechanism to shape traits of interest across taxa.
Factors affecting Xyleborus glabratus attack and host utilization in sassafras and redbay in the Carolinas
Authors: Crout Katy , Mayfield Albert , Kerrigan Julia , Hartshorn Jess 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The laurel wilt disease complex is a destructive combination of a non-native beetle vector [redbay ambrosia beetle (RAB), Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)] and a symbiotic fungus (Harringtonia lauricola (Ophiostomataceae) T.C. Harr., Fraedrich & Aghayeva), which serves as a pathogen in the host trees infested by RAB. The complex originated from Asia and was first discovered in the United States near Savannah, GA in 2002, and has rapidly made its way across the southeastern US, causing mortality for redbay and other important Lauraceae species, including sassafras, giving this disease complex the potential to have far-reaching ecological effects across North America. Our goal with this study was to examine the spatial distribution of RAB attacks in redbay and sassafras trees along the leading edge of disease progression. RAB attacks were clustered in both tree species, with attacks being most concentrated on the south side of the tree in sassafras, and with RAB clustering more with other RAB attacks on redbay. When comparing bolts that produced adult RABs, the average number of RABs emerged was higher in redbay compared to sassafras. Entrance hole density, RAB emergence, and moisture content were higher near the base of the stem compared to stems sections higher on the bole of both tree species. Our results suggest that physiological differences, such as size and structure of vessels, between these tree species may drive beetle attack patterns and, therefore, affect the progression and spread of disease throughout sassafras and other Lauraceae.
The association of emotional labor and workplace violence with health-related productivity loss
Authors: Ko Heejoo , Kim Dohwan , Cho Seong-Sik , Lee Dong-Wook , Choi Jaesung , Kim Minseok , Park Min Young , Kang Mo-Yeol 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objectives: This study explored the association of emotional labor and workplace violence with health-related productivity loss (HRPL).
Methods: We used the initial dataset from a survey known as the Korean Work, Sleep, and Health Study, an ongoing nationwide panel study initiated in 2022. To assess emotional labor, the study included 2386 workers who worked in customer service. The Korean Workplace Violence Scale-13 and the Korean Emotional Labour Scale-11 were used to assess the level of exposure to workplace violence, and the intensity of emotional labor, respectively. The Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire was used to measure HRPL, including absenteeism and presenteeism. We examined differences in HRPL based on workplace violence and emotional labor using generalized linear regression models.
Results: HRPL increased with an increase in workplace violence and emotional labor scores. Notably, the mean HRPL was highest in the high-risk groups for both workplace violence and emotional labor. The mean HRPL increased as the number of “high-risk” components for workplace violence and emotional labor increased. All the workplace violence and emotional labor components exhibited higher HRPL in the “high-risk” groups compared with the “low-risk” groups.
Conclusions: Our study showed that both emotional labor and workplace violence are associated with reduced productivity.
The hand that rocks the cradle: revaluing academic labour and recognizing the centrality of care work
Authors: Rajan Sahana V 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article examines the often overlooked yet crucial role of care work within the academic ecosystem. Challenging the dominant paradigm that prioritizes research output, the article argues for recognizing academic labour as a spectrum where teaching, research, and service hold equal value. Drawing on Rajan’s framework of ‘academic care work’, the article demonstrates the inseparable link between care and knowledge, highlighting how care work forms the foundation for knowledge production and reproduction. The analysis situates academic care workers within the complex administrative landscape of higher education institutions, exploring the challenges posed by managerialism and external pressures. The article introduces the ‘Argument from Shared Paradigm’, positing that academics, through their shared experiences and values, are uniquely positioned to advocate for and safeguard care-centred practices in research and teaching. By recognizing care work’s essential contributions, this article calls for a re-evaluation of academic reward systems and a shift towards a more inclusive academic culture.
In vivo biosensing of subcellular pyruvate pools reveals photosynthesis-dependent metabolite dynamics in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Multhoff Jan , Niemeier Jan-Ole , Zheng Ke , Lim Magdiel Sheng Satha , Barreto Pedro , Niebisch Jule Meret , Ischebeck Till , Schwarzländer Markus 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Pyruvate is central to metabolism across biology. It acts as a metabolic hub linking major pathways including glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, fermentation, and synthesis of amino acids, fatty acids, isoprenoids, and nucleotides. Even though the central role of pyruvate is well established biochemically, there is a remarkable gap in our understanding of how pyruvate levels behave within cells, where pyruvate is distributed across different compartments. Moreover, differential changes in pyruvate pools may occur rapidly upon changes in metabolic fluxes. Recently, this problem has been addressed by the development of a genetically encoded pyruvate biosensor to provide first insights into the pyruvate dynamics in animal cells. Here, we established in vivo biosensing of pyruvate in plants. We provided advanced characterization of the biosensor properties and demonstrated the functionality of the sensor in the cytosol, the mitochondria, and the chloroplasts of Nicotiana benthamiana epidermal cells. Finally, we harnessed the tool to investigate the impact of photosynthesis on pyruvate with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution, revealing pronounced changes in subcellular pyruvate pools. While highlighting the current limitations of the biosensor, this study provides proof-of-concept for how the dynamics and regulation of central carbon metabolites can be revealed in living plant tissues.
A negative feedback regulatory module comprising R3-MYB repressor MYBL2 and R2R3-MYB activator PAP1 fine-tunes high light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis
Authors: Xing Minghui , Xin Puman , Wang Yuetian , Han Chunyan , Lei Cangbao , Huang Weiyi , Zhang Youpeng , Zhang Xiangyu , Cheng Kai , Zhang Xiao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Anthocyanins, a group of flavonoids, play diverse roles in plant growth and environmental adaptation. The biosynthesis and accumulation of anthocyanin are regulated by environmental cues, such as high light. However, the precise mechanism underlying anthocyanin biosynthesis under high light conditions remains largely unclear. Here, we report that the R3-MYB repressor MYB-LIKE 2 (MYBL2) negatively regulates high light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis by repressing two R2R3-MYB activators, PRODUCTION OF ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENT 1 (PAP1) and PAP2, which are core components of the MYB–bHLH–WD40 (MBW) complex. We found that MYBL2 interacts with PAP1/2 and reduces their transcriptional activation activities, thus disrupting the expression of key genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, such as DIHYDROFLAVONOL 4-REDUCTASE (DFR) and TRANSPARENT TESTA 19 (TT19). Additionally, MYBL2 attenuates the transcriptional activation of PAP1 and its own expression, but not that of PAP2. Conversely, PAP1 collaborates with TRANSPARENT TESTA 8 (TT8), a bHLH member of the MBW complex, to activate MYBL2 transcription when excessive anthocyanins are accumulated. Taken together, our findings reveal a negative feedback regulatory module composed of MYBL2 and PAP1 that fine-tunes high light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis through modulating MBW complex assembly.
On Algebra Relativisation
Authors: de Canson Chloé 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Katie Steele and H. Orri Stefánsson argue that, to reflect an agent’s limited awareness, the algebra of propositions on which that agent’s credences are defined should be relativised to their awareness state. I argue that this produces insurmountable difficulties. But the project of relativising the agent’s algebra to reflect their partial perspective need not be abandoned: the algebra can be relativised, not to the agent’s awareness state, but to what we might call their subjective modality.
No evidence for anisotropy in galaxy spin directions
Authors: Patel Dhruva , Desmond Harry 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Modern cosmology rests on the cosmological principle, that on large enough scales the Universe is both homogeneous and isotropic. A corollary is that galaxies’ spin vectors should be isotropically distributed on the sky. This has been challenged by multiple authors for over a decade, with claims to have detected a statistically significant dipole pattern of spins. We collect all publicly available data sets with spin classifications (binary Z-wise/S-wise), and analyse them for large-angle anisotropies ($\ell \le 2$). We perform each inference in both a Bayesian and frequentist fashion, the former establishing posterior probabilities on the multipole parameters and the latter calculating p-values for rejection of the null hypothesis of isotropy (i.e. no power at $\ell \gt 0$). All analysis indicate consistency with isotropy to within $3\sigma$. We similarly identify no evidence for a ‘hemisphere anisotropy’ that neglects the angular dependence of the dipole. We isolate the differences with contrary claims in the ad hoc or biased statistics that they employ. Our code is publicly available .
Collision rate coefficients for C7N− and C10H− with H2
Authors: Giri K , González-Sánchez L , Gianturco F A , Lourderaj U , Martín Santa María A , Rana S , Sathyamurthy N , Yurtsever E , Wester R 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The anions C$_7$N$^-$ and C$_{10}$H$^-$ are the two longest of the linear (C,N)-bearing and (C,H)-bearing chains that have so far been detected in the interstellar medium (ISM). In order to glean information on their collision-induced rotational state-changing processes, we analyse the general features of new ab initio potentials describing the interaction of both linear anions with H$_2$, one of the most abundant partners in their ISM environment. We employ an artificial neural network fit of the reduced-dimensionality potential energy surface for C$_7$N$^-$...H$_2$ interaction and discuss in detail the spatial features in terms of multipolar radial coefficients. For the C$_{10}$H$^-$...H$_2$ interaction, we use the initial grid of two-dimensional raw points to generate by quadrature the Legendre expansion directly, further including the long-range terms as discussed in the main text. Quantum scattering calculations are employed to obtain rotationally inelastic cross-sections, for collision energies in the range of 10$^{-4}$ to 400 cm$^{-1}$. From them we generate the corresponding inelastic rate coefficients as a function of temperature covering the range from 10 to 50 K. The results for the rate coefficients for the longest cyanopolyyne are compared with the earlier results obtained for the smaller terms of the same series, also in collision with H$_2$. We obtain that the inelastic rate coefficients for the long linear anions are all fairly large compared with the earlier systems. The consequences of such findings on their non-equilibrium rotational populations in interstellar environments are illustrated in our conclusions.
The current understanding of the phenotypic and functional properties of human regulatory B cells (Bregs)
Authors: Ahsan Nawara Faiza , Lourenço Stella , Psyllou Dimitra , Long Alexander , Shankar Sushma , Bashford-Rogers Rachael 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
B cells can have a wide range of pro- and anti- inflammatory functions. A subset of B cells called regulatory B cells (Bregs) can potently suppress immune responses. Bregs have been shown to maintain immune homeostasis and modulate inflammatory responses. Bregs are an exciting cellular target across a range of diseases, including Breg induction in autoimmunity, allergy and transplantation, and Breg suppression in cancers and infection. Bregs exhibit a remarkable phenotypic heterogeneity, rendering their unequivocal identification a challenging task. The lack of a universally accepted and exclusive surface marker set for Bregs across various studies contributes to inconsistencies in their categorization. This review paper presents a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the phenotypic and functional properties of human Bregs while addressing the persisting ambiguities and discrepancies in their characterization. Finally, the paper examines the promising therapeutic opportunities presented by Bregs as their immunomodulatory capacities have gained attention in the context of autoimmune diseases, allergic conditions, and cancer. We explore the exciting potential in harnessing Bregs as potential therapeutic agents and the avenues that remain open for the development of Breg-based treatment strategies.
‘Trust the messenger’: Public trust in sources of information on COVID-19
Authors: Seyd Ben , Hamm Joseph A , Jennings Will , McKay Lawrence , Anness Meridith 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A key lesson of the coronavirus pandemic was the importance for pro-social behaviour of popular trust in key information sources. Yet existing studies rarely consider the role of people’s trust in a range of different information sources, and the relationship between such trust and particular attitudes and behaviours among individuals. This study goes beyond the general mantra that ‘trust matters’ and explores more specific effects, relating to trust in particular actors and for particular outcomes. Based on a survey fielded on a representative sample of the British population conducted towards the end of the pandemic, we find evidence that people’s coronavirus attitudes and behaviours are particularly related to their trust in scientific experts and, in some cases, to their trust in local councils. However, trust in these actors is not uniformly associated with people’s coronavirus beliefs and actions. This suggests that the link between people’s trust and their pro-social attitudes and behaviours is often specific rather than general. The results hold important implications for the design of effective public communication strategies in the event of any future health emergency.
Arabidopsis Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein GEND2 Participates in Mitochondrial RNA Editing
Authors: Nie Yaqing , Li Yan , Yuan Penglai , Wu Chengyun , Wang Xiaoqing , Wang Chunfei , Xu Xiumei , Shen Zhenguo , Hu Zhubing 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In Arabidopsis, RNA editing alters more than 500 cytidines (C) to uridines (U) in mitochondrial transcripts, a process involving the family of pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins. Here, we report a previously uncharacterized mitochondrial PLS-type PPR protein, GEND2, which functions in the mitochondrial RNA editing. The T-DNA insertion in the 5′-untranslated region of GEND2, referred to as gend2-1, results in defective root development compared to wild-type (WT) plants. A comprehensive examination of mitochondrial RNA-editing sites revealed a significant reduction in the gend2-1 mutant compared to WT plants, affecting six specific mitochondrial RNA editing sites, notably within the mitochondrial genes CcmFn-1, RPSL2 and ORFX. These genes encode critical components of cytochrome protein maturation pathway, mitochondrial ribosomal subunit and twin arginine translocation subunits, respectively. Further analysis of the transcriptional profile of the gend2-1 mutant and WT revealed a striking induction of expression in a cluster of genes associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and regulated by ANAC017, a key regulator coordinating organelle functions and stress responses. Intriguingly, the gend2-1 mutation activated an ANAC017-dependent signaling aimed at countering cell wall damage induced by cellulose synthase inhibitors, as well as an ANAC017-independent pathway that retarded root growth under normal condition. Collectively, our findings identify a novel mitochondrial PLS-type PPR protein GEND2, which participates in the editing of six specific mitochondrial RNA editing sites. Furthermore, the gend2-1 mutation triggers two distinct pathways in plants: an ANAC017-dependent pathway and ANAC017-independent pathway.