bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant Chemotherapy Use and Health Care Costs After Introduction of Genomic Testing in Breast Cancer
Authors: Epstein Andrew J. , Wong Yu-Ning , Mitra Nandita , Vachani Anil , Hin Sakhena , Yang Lin , Smith-McLallen Aaron , Armstrong Katrina , Groeneveld Peter W. 
Published: November 2015

PurposeWe assessed the associations between the 21-gene recurrence score assay (RS) receipt, subsequent chemotherapy use, and medical expenditures among patients with early-stage breast cancer.Patients and MethodsData from the Pennsylvania Cancer Registry were used to assemble a retrospective cohort of women with early-stage breast cancer from 2007 to 2010 who underwent initial surgical treatment. These data were merged with administrative claims from the 12-month periods before and after diagnosis to identify comorbidities, treatments, and expenditures (n = 7,287). Propensity score–weighted regression models were estimated to identify the effects of RS receipt on chemotherapy use and medical spending in the year after diagnosis.ResultsThe associations between RS receipt and outcomes varied markedly by patient age. RS use was associated with lower chemotherapy use among women younger than 55 (19.2% lower; 95% CI, 10.6 to 27.9). RS use was associated with higher chemotherapy use among women 75 to 84 years old (5.7% higher; 95% CI, 0.4 to 11.0). RS receipt was associated with lower adjusted 1-year medical spending among women younger than 55 ($15,333 lower; 95% CI, $2,841 to $27,824) and with higher spending among women who were 75 to 84 years old ($3,489 higher; 95% CI, $857 to $6,122).ConclusionRS receipt was associated with reduced use of adjuvant chemotherapy and lower health care spending among women with breast cancer who were younger than 55. Conversely, among women 75 and older, RS testing was associated with a modest increase in chemotherapy use and slightly higher spending. From a population perspective, the impact of RS testing on breast cancer treatment and health care costs is much greater in younger women.
Racial Differences in the Use and Outcome of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: Results From the National Cancer Data Base
Authors: Killelea Brigid K. , Yang Vicky Q. , Wang Shi-Yi , Hayse Brandon , Mougalian Sarah , Horowitz Nina R. , Chagpar Anees B. , Pusztai Lajos , Lannin Donald R. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose To explore racial differences in the use and outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Methods The National Cancer Data Base was queried to identify women with stage 1 to 3 breast cancer diagnosed in 2010 and 2011. Chemotherapy use and rate of pathologic complete response (pCR) was determined for various racial/ethnic groups. Results Of 278,815 patients with known race and ethnicity, 127,417 (46%) received chemotherapy, and of 121,446 where the timing of chemotherapy was known, 27,300 (23%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Chemotherapy, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy in particular, was given more frequently to black, Hispanic, and Asian women than to white women (P < 0.001). This difference was largely explained by more advanced stage, higher grade tumors, and a greater proportion of triple-negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive tumors in these women. Of 17,970 patients with known outcome, 5,944 (33%) had a pCR. No differences in response rate for estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR)–positive tumors were found, but compared with white women, black but not Hispanic or Asian women had a lower rate of pCR for ER/PR-negative, HER2-positive (43% v 54%, P = 0.001) and triple-negative tumors (37% v 43%, P < 0.001). This difference persisted when adjusted for age, clinical T stage, clinical N stage, histology, grade, comorbidity index, facility type, geographic region, insurance status, and census-derived median income and education for the patient’s zip code (odds ratio, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.77 to 0.93). Conclusion Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is given more frequently to black, Hispanic, and Asian women than to white women. Black women have a lower likelihood of pCR for triple-negative and HER2-positive breast cancer. Whether this is due to biologic differences in chemosensitivity or to treatment or socioeconomic differences that could not be adjusted for is unknown.
Life history trade-offs imposed by dragline use in two money spiders
Authors: Bonte D. , Verduyn L. , Braeckman B.P. 
Published: November 2015

Trade-offs among life history traits are central to understand the limits of adaptations to stress. In animals, virtually all decisions taken during life are expected to have downstream consequences. To which degree rare, but energy demanding, decisions carry-over to individual performance is rarely studied in arthropods.
We used spiders as a model system to test how single investments in silk use –as for dispersal or predator escape- affect individual performance. Silk produced for safe lines and as threads for ballooning is of the strongest kind and energetically costly, especially when resources are limited. We induced dragline spinning in two species of money spider at similar quantities as under natural conditions and tested trade-offs with lifespan and egg sac production under unlimited prey availability and a dietary restriction treatment.
We demonstrate strong trade-offs between dragline spinning and survival and fecundity. Survival trade-offs were additive to the ones imposed by the dietary treatment, but a reduction in eggs produced after silk use was only prevalent under conditions where food was deprived during the spider's life.
Because draglines are not recycled after their use for dispersal or predator escape, its spinning induces incurs substantial fitness costs in dispersal, especially in environments with prey limitation. Rare but energetically costly decisions related to dispersal or predator escape may thus carry-over to adult performance and explain phenotypic heterogeneity in natural populations.
Maternal age and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome in infertile couples at Khartoum, Sudan
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed , Shareef Osama , Adam Ishag , Rayis Duria 
Published: November 2015

BackgroundIntracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was considered as the mainstay of treatment for male infertility. Nowadays, the scope of ICSI has been widened to include other causes of infertility. There are few published data on ICSI in countries with low incomes.AimsA cross-sectional study was conducted at Saad AbuAlla and Banoun Centers, Khartoum, Sudan to investigate outcomes of ICSI and to determine the parameters that might predict pregnancy success rate following ICSI.MethodsThe study included 191 infertile couples who underwent 296 ICSI cycles between 1st April 2013 and 31 March 2014.ResultsOne hundred and ninety one couples (comprising 296 cycles of ICSI) were enrolled to the study. The mean (SD) number of retrieved oocytes was 9.7 (7.5). The mean (SD) number of transferred embryos was 2.9 (1.0). Out of these, 50 (26.2%) and 40 (20.9%) had chemical and clinical pregnancy, respectively. Thirty–six couples (18.8%) and five couples (2.6%) had miscarriage and had ectopic pregnancy, respectively. Under logistic regression, younger age (OR = 0.8, 95% CI= 0.81 ─ 0.96, P = 0.004) and endometrial thickness (OR = 1.3, 95% CI= 1.07─1.60, P = 0.009) were the significant predictors for the success of ICSI in inducing pregnancy.Conclusion The rates of successful fertilisation and pregnancy-to-term rates in this setting depend mainly on the maternal age.
Internship Success Training Competitive Specialists
Authors: Пристром  , Pristrom I. 
Published: November 2015

In connection with the implementation of priority directions
of economic development, professional educational institutions,
the task of training a qualified employee of the appropriate level
and profile, competitive on the labour market, competent, responsible,
fluent in their profession and oriented in related areas. The
need for revision of the content of disciplines and work programmes,
methods and technologies used for formation of various professional
competencies associated with the development and introduction
of new educational standards in the vocational education
system.
Primary role in the improvement of the educational process is wellorganized,
effective practice – perhaps the most complex form of
organization of educational process, because its implementation is
necessary to combine the interests of educational institutions and
production enterprises, organizations. While on the one hand, it is
necessary to solve educational problems, and on the other hand,
to adapt the learning process to the practical tasks of the base
practices. Continuous communication between the employer and
the educational institution, the study of current production needs
allows flexibility to adjust educational components and to train
specialists in demand on the labour market.
How Does Adoption of the Outlet Channel Impact Customers’ Spending in the Retail Stores: Conflict or Synergy?
Authors: Soysal Gonca , Krishnamurthi Lakshman 
Published: November 2015

We investigate how adoption of a retailer’s factory outlet channel impacts customers’ spending in the retailer’s traditional retail store channel. In recent years, many retailers have added exclusively sourced factory outlet stores into their channel mix to achieve market expansion and customer segmentation. However, the impact of adoption of this lower-quality, lower-price alternative channel on spending at the retailer’s higher-quality, higher-price retail store channel is not clear. Customers adopting the outlet channel might increase their spending in the retail store channel because of the opportunity to become familiar with the brand at a lower price point or transfer of positive associations formed through patronage of the outlet channel to the store channel. Customers adopting the lower-quality channel might also decrease their spending in the retail store channel because of brand dilution or cannibalization. To investigate this issue, we use a unique individual-level panel data set from a specialty apparel retailer from a period during which the retailer opened many factory outlet stores. This allows us to study how purchase behavior changes after customers adopt the outlet channel while carefully controlling for alternative explanations including customer heterogeneity and selection effects. We find that although customers who adopt the outlet channel spend less with the retailer compared to store-only customers, the difference cannot be attributed to the impact of adoption of the outlet channel. After controlling for heterogeneity and selection effects, we uncover a positive spillover to the retail store channel from adoption of the outlet channel. Customers who adopt the outlet channel not only make incremental purchases at the outlet channel, but also increase their spending in the retail store channel after adoption. The increase in spending is due to more frequent retail store purchases and not to larger per-purchase expenditure. This paper was accepted by J. Miguel Villas-Boas, marketing.
Penthesiléa, de Hélia Correia
Authors: Silva Maria de Fátima 
Published: November 2015

Em 2002, Hélia Correia fez sair, como edição da Autora, um pequeno volume intitulado Apodera-te de mim, com que quis comemorar o aniversário de Jaime Rocha. Os textos aqui reunidos constituem, na sua maior parte, uma reescrita de grandes mitos gregos, como sejam o de Creta, o da colca Medeia e o de Pentesileia, a Amazona. Se o primeiro destes textos representa uma reflexão sobre a cultura grega, desde a civilização minoica até ao classicismo ateniense, o centro desta antologia é preenchido por dois mitos de temática feminina, tão do gosto da Autora. Um primeiro contacto visual com o texto denuncia de imediato a preferência pela escrita etimológica do nome da Amazona, Penthesiléa, com o que já se sublinha uma interpretação da figura e se aponta para o seu destino trágico; na verdade, o primeiro elemento deste nome – πένθος, “sofrimento” – concretiza uma leitura teleológica da vida, na linha de um Heródoto ou de um Sófocles, por exemplo.
Travelling in Time to Cape Breton Island in the 1920s: Protest Songs, Murals and Island Identity
Authors: Richard MacKinnon , Lachlan MacKinnon 
Published: November 2015

Islands are places that foster a unique sense of place-attachment and community identity among their populations. Scholarship focusing on the distinctive values, attitudes and perspectives of ‘island people’ from around the world reveals the layers of meaning that are attached to island life. Lowenthal writes: ‘Islands are fantasized as antitheses of the all-engrossing gargantuan mainstream-small, quiet, untroubled, remote from the busy, crowded, turbulent everyday scene. In reality, most of them are nothing like that. …’1

1
D. Lowenthal, ‘Islands, Lovers and Others’, The Geographical Review 97 (2007): 203.
Islands, for many people, are ‘imagined places’ in our increasingly globalised world; the perceptions of island culture and reality often differ. Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, in eastern North America, a locale with a rich history of class struggle surrounding its former coal and steel industries, provides an excellent case study for the ways that local history, collective memory and cultural expression might combine to combat the ‘untroubled fantasy’ that Lowenthal describes.
The IOM report on improving diagnosis: new concepts
Authors: Graber Mark L. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The IOM report ‘Improving Diagnosis in Health Care’ represents a major advance in summarizing the problem of diagnostic error. Three new concepts in the report will be helpful in future efforts to understand and improve the diagnostic process: a new definition of diagnostic error, a new framework for understanding the diagnostic process, and a new concept of the diagnostic ‘team’. This paper highlights these new concepts and their relevance to improving diagnosis.
A Novel Iteration Model for Electromagnetic Scattering from Rough Surfaces
Authors: Li Chang-Ze , Tong Chuangming , Qi Lihui , Wang Weijie , Wang An 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAn iterative physical optics (IPO) is proposed to solve the extra large scale (e.g. larger than one thousand square lambda) electromagnetic (EM) scattering from randomly rough surfaces in this paper. The forward-backward methodology and its modification with under-relaxation iteration improve convergence and stability of the IPO; the fast far-field approximation (FaFFA) in the matrix-vector product reduces the computational complexity based on the scattering characteristics of rough surface. Through these techniques, this model can solve effectively the extra large scale scattering problem from the randomly rough surfaces.
Distance Relaying with Power Swing Detection based on Voltage and Reactive Power Sensitivity
Authors: J. Patel Ujjaval , Chothani Nilesh G. , Bhatt Praghnesh J. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Sudden changes in loading or configuration of an electrical network causes power swing which may result in an unwanted tripping of the distance relay. Hence, it becomes utmost necessary to rapidly and reliably discriminate between actual fault and power swing conditions in order to prevent instability in power network due to mal operation of distance relay. This paper proposes a novel method for the discrimination between fault and power swing based on rate of change of voltage and reactive power measured at relay location. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by simulating series of power swing conditions in PSCAD/EMTDC® software for different disturbances such as change in mechanical power input to synchronous generator, tripping of parallel line due to fault and sudden application of heavy load. It is revealed that the distance relay gives successful tripping in case of different fault conditions and remains inoperative for power swing with the implementation of the proposed algorithm. Moreover, the proposed scheme has ability to distinguish the symmetrical and asymmetrical fault occurrence during power swing condition.
Gulf War illness: an overview of events, most prevalent health outcomes, exposures, and clues as to pathogenesis
Authors: Kerr Kathleen J. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIntroduction:During or very soon after the 1990–1991 Persian Gulf War, veterans of the conflict began to report symptoms of illness. Common complaints included combinations of cognitive difficulties, fatigue, myalgia, rashes, dyspnea, insomnia, gastrointestinal symptoms and sensitivity to odors. Gradually in the USA, and later in the UK, France, Canada, Denmark and Australia, governments implemented medical assessment programs and epidemiologic studies to determine the scope of what was popularly referred to as “the Gulf War syndrome”. Attention was drawn to numerous potentially toxic deployment-related exposures that appeared to vary by country of deployment, by location within the theater, by unit, and by personal job types. Identifying a single toxicant cause was considered unlikely and it was recognized that outcomes were influenced by genetic variability in xenobiotic metabolism.Methods:Derived from primary papers and key reports by the Research Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans’ Illnesses and the Institute of Medicine, a brief overview is presented of war related events, symptoms and diagnostic criteria for Gulf War illness (GWV), some international differences, the various war-related exposures and key epidemiologic studies. Possible exposure interactions and pathophysiologic mechanisms are discussed.Results:Exposures to pyridostigmine bromide, pesticides, sarin and mustard gas or combinations thereof were most associated with GWI, especially in some genotype subgroups. The resultant oxidant stress and background exposome must be assumed to have played a role.Conclusion:Gulf War (GW) exposures and their potential toxic effects should be considered in the context of the human genome, the human exposome and resultant oxidant stress to better characterize this unique environmentally-linked illness and, ultimately, provide a rationale for more effective interventions and future prevention efforts.
From the Complex NP Constraint to everything: On deep extractions across categories
Authors: Bošković Željko 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe article establishes a new generalization concerning domains from which extraction is possible. Taking as the starting point the well-known difference between NPs and VPs regarding extraction, where extraction from Complex NPs is not possible while extraction from Complex VPs is possible, the article argues that the former represents a pervasive pattern found in many contexts, the latter being highly exceptional. More precisely, extraction is impossible not only from clausal but all complements of nouns. Furthermore, it is impossible from complements of prepositions and adjectives as well as ergative verbs. A deduction of the impossibility of extraction from the complements of lexical heads (other than non-ergative verbs) is proposed based on a new approach to phases (i.e. to what counts as a phase) and the Phase-Impenetrability Condition, as well as a particular implementation of
Animating the narrow syntax
Authors: Wiltschko Martina , Ritter Elizabeth 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn this paper we demonstrate that there are two related, but distinct types of animacy in the Plains Algonquian language, Blackfoot – morphological animacy (m-animacy) and high animacy (H-animacy). We argue that the two types of animacy are constructed in different ways: M-animacy is a head feature that determines noun class and plays a role in syntactic agreement operations, whereas H-animacy is a selectable feature of arguments. The two kinds of animacy also have different distributions: Only languages that have animacy-based form classes have m-animate nominals, but H-animate nominals are universal because all languages have predicates that select for high animates. We discuss empirical differences between m-animate and H-animate nominals that are intended to serve as diagnostics for the exploration of animacy in other languages.
Longer Interset Rest Periods Enhance Muscle Strength and Hypertrophy in Resistance-Trained Men
Authors: Schoenfeld Brad J. , Pope Zachary K. , Benik Franklin M. , Hester Garrett M. , Sellers John , Nooner Josh L. , Schnaiter Jessica A. , Bond-Williams Katherine E. , Carter Adrian S. , Ross Corbin L. , Just Brandon L. , Henselmans Menno , Krieger James W. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Schoenfeld, BJ, Pope, ZK, Benik, FM, Hester, GM, Sellers, J, Nooner, JL, Schnaiter, JA, Bond-Williams, KE, Carter, AS, Ross, CL, Just, BL, Henselmans, M, and Krieger, JW. Longer interset rest periods enhance muscle strength and hypertrophy in resistance-trained men. J Strength Cond Res 30(7): 1805–1812, 2016—The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of short rest intervals normally associated with hypertrophy-type training versus long rest intervals traditionally used in strength-type training on muscular adaptations in a cohort of young, experienced lifters. Twenty-one young resistance-trained men were randomly assigned to either a group that performed a resistance training (RT) program with 1-minute rest intervals (SHORT) or a group that employed 3-minute rest intervals (LONG). All other RT variables were held constant. The study period lasted 8 weeks with subjects performing 3 total body workouts a week comprised 3 sets of 8–12 repetition maximum (RM) of 7 different exercises per session. Testing was performed prestudy and poststudy for muscle strength (1RM bench press and back squat), muscle endurance (50% 1RM bench press to failure), and muscle thickness of the elbow flexors, triceps brachii, and quadriceps femoris by ultrasound imaging. Maximal strength was significantly greater for both 1RM squat and bench press for LONG compared to SHORT. Muscle thickness was significantly greater for LONG compared to SHORT in the anterior thigh, and a trend for greater increases was noted in the triceps brachii (p = 0.06) as well. Both groups saw significant increases in local upper body muscle endurance with no significant differences noted between groups. This study provides evidence that longer rest periods promote greater increases in muscle strength and hypertrophy in young resistance-trained men.