bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personal health records in the Netherlands: potential user preferences quantified by a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Determann Domino , Lambooij Mattijs S , Gyrd-Hansen Dorte , de Bekker-Grob Esther W , Steyerberg Ewout W , Heldoorn Marcel , Pedersen Line Bjørnskov , de Wit G Ardine 
Published: October 2016

Objective: To identify groups of potential users based on their preferences for characteristics of personal health records (PHRs) and to estimate potential PHR uptake.Methods: We performed a discrete choice experiment, which consisted of 12 choice scenarios, each comprising 2 hypothetical PHR alternatives and an opt-out. The alternatives differed based on 5 characteristics. The survey was administered to Internet panel members of the Dutch Federation of Patients and Consumer Organizations. We used latent class models to analyze the data.Results: A total of 1,443 potential PHR users completed the discrete choice experiment. We identified 3 latent classes: “refusers” (class probability 43%), “eager adopters” (37%), and “reluctant adopters” (20%). The predicted uptake for the reluctant adopters ranged from 4% in the case of a PHR with the worst attribute levels to 68% in the best case. Those with 1 or more chronic diseases were significantly more likely to belong to the eager adopter class. The data storage provider was the most decisive aspect for the eager and reluctant adopters, while cost was most decisive for the refusers. Across all classes, health care providers and independent organizations were the most preferred data storage providers.Conclusion: We identified 3 groups, of which 1 group (more than one-third of potential PHR users) indicated great interest in a PHR irrespective of PHR characteristics. Policymakers who aim to expand the use of PHRs will be most successful when health care providers and health facilities or independent organizations store PHR data while refraining from including market parties.
The effect of a disc on the population of cuspy and cored dark matter substructures in Milky Way-like galaxies
Authors: Errani Raphaël , Peñarrubia Jorge , Laporte Chervin F. P. , Gómez Facundo A. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
We use high-resolution N-body simulations to study the effect of a galactic disc on the dynamical evolution of dark matter substructures with orbits and structural parameters extracted from the Aquarius A-2 merger tree (Springel et al. 2008a). Satellites are modelled as equilibrium N-body realizations of generalized Hernquist profiles with 2 × 106 particles and injected in the analytical evolving host potential at zinfall, defined by the peak of their mass evolution. We select all substructures with M200(zinfall) ≥ 108 M⊙ and first pericentric distances rp &lt; r200. Motivated by observations of Milky Way dwarf spheroidal galaxies, we also explore satellite models with cored dark matter profiles with a fixed core size rc = 0.8 as where as is the Hernquist scale radius. We find that models with cuspy satellites have twice as many surviving substructures at z = 0 than their cored counterparts, and four times as many if we only consider those on orbits with rp ≲ 0.1 r200. For a given profile, adding an evolving disc potential reduces the number of surviving substructures further by a factor of ≲ 2 for satellites on orbits that penetrate the disc (rp ≲ 20 kpc). For large rp, where tidal forces and the effect of the disc become negligible, the number of satellites per pericentre bin converges to similar values for all four models.
Machine-learning selection of optical transients in the Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam survey
Authors: Morii Mikio , Ikeda Shiro , Tominaga Nozomu , Tanaka Masaomi , Morokuma Tomoki , Ishiguro Katsuhiko , Yamato Junji , Ueda Naonori , Suzuki Naotaka , Yasuda Naoki , Yoshida Naoki 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
We present an application of machine-learning (ML) techniques to source selection in the optical transient survey data with the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) on the Subaru telescope. Our goal is to select real transient events accurately and in a timely manner out of a large number of false candidates, obtained by the standard difference-imaging method. We have developed the transient selector, which is based on majority voting of the three ML machines of AUC Boosting, Random Forest, and Deep Neural Networks. We applied it to our observing runs of Subaru-HSC in 2015 May and August, and proved it to be efficient in selecting optical transients. The false positive rate was 1.0% at the true positive rate of 90% in the magnitude range of 22.0–25.0 mag for the May data. For the August run, we successfully detected and reported 10 supernovae candidates within the same day as the observation. From these runs, we learned the following lessons: (1) training using artificial objects is effective in filtering false candidates out, especially for faint objects, and (2) a combination of ML by majority voting is advantageous.
The Role of Cognition and Social Functioning as Predictors in the Transition to Psychosis for Youth With Attenuated Psychotic Symptoms
Authors: Addington Jean , Liu Lu , Perkins Diana O. , Carrion Ricardo E. , Keefe Richard S. E. , Woods Scott W. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In the literature, there have been several attempts to develop prediction models for youth who are at clinical high risk (CHR) of developing psychosis. Although there are no specific clinical or demographic variables that seem to consistently predict the later transition to psychosis in those CHR youth, in addition to attenuated psychotic symptoms, the most commonly occuring predictors tend to be poor social functioning and certain cognitive tasks. Unfortunately, there has been little attempt to replicate alogorithms. A recently published article by Cornblatt et al suggested that, for individuals with attentuated psychotic symptoms (APS), disorganized communication, suspiciousness, verbal memory, and a decline in social functioning were the best predictors of later transition to psychosis (the RAP model). The purpose of this article was to first test the prediction model of Cornblatt et al with a new sample of individuals with APS from the PREDICT study. The RAP model was not the best fit for the PREDICT data. However, using other variables from PREDICT, it was demonstrated that unusual thought content, disorganized communication, baseline social functioning, verbal fluency, and memory, processing speed and age were predictors of later transition to psychosis in the PREDICT sample. Although the predictors were different in these 2 models, both supported that disorganized communication, poor social functioning, and verbal memory, were good candidates as predictors for later conversion to psychosis.
Chylous Ascites Complicating Modified Radical Hysterectomy for Placenta Percreta
Authors: Miller Heather , Anderson Matthew L. , Smith Christopher P. , Shamshirsaz Alireza A. , Fox Karin A. 
Published: October 2016

BACKGROUND:
Chylous ascites is defined as the pathologic accumulation of lymphatic fluid within the peritoneal cavity and has been reported to complicate gynecologic surgeries, with an incidence of 0.17–2%. We report a case of chylous ascites after complex surgery for placenta percreta.

CASE:
A 26-year-old woman underwent cesarean delivery followed by bilateral uterine artery embolization and modified radical hysterectomy at 26 5/7 weeks of gestation for placenta percreta invading the urinary bladder. No surgical dissection was performed above the pelvic brim or deep into the pelvic sidewalls. On postoperative day 4, milky fluid consistent with chylous ascites was noted coming from a percutaneous drain. This completely resolved after 12 days of conservative management with intravenous nutritional support.

CONCLUSION:
Chylous ascites is a potential complication of modified radical hysterectomy for placenta percreta that responds to conservative management.
Women's Sexual Function, Satisfaction, and Perceptions After Starting Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives
Authors: Higgins Jenny A. , Sanders Jessica N. , Palta Mari , Turok David K. 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE:
To document how long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) affects women's sexual outcomes.

METHODS:
In this prospective, observational cohort study, we enrolled new-start intrauterine device and contraceptive implant users attending four family planning clinics. Data collection occurred at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months. Primary outcomes were the Female Sexual Function Index, New Sexual Satisfaction Scale, and perceived sexual effects of method (positive, negative, or none). Secondary outcomes included other factors associated with LARC's sexual acceptability, including the ability to “let go” in sex, sense of control over pregnancy, and bleeding changes. Chi square and F-tests assessed differences between method groups at baseline. Mixed-effects models, robust Wald χ2 tests, and conditional logistic regression documented differences from baseline and trends over time.

RESULTS:
In December 2014 to April 2015, 200 patients consented and enrolled in the study. Among 159 women who completed three survey rounds, 20% selected copper intrauterine devices, 46% levonorgestrel intrauterine devices, and 34% implants. Sexual functioning and satisfaction scores did not change over time. However, across methods, participants were more likely to report improvements to their sexual lives compared with baseline (χ2
P<.001). By 3 months, 40% (n=64) reported positive changes and 17% (n=27) negative changes. Positive sexual changes were associated with one's sense of control over pregnancy and one's ability to “let go” in sex. Negative sexual changes were largely attributable to increased vaginal bleeding.

CONCLUSION:
Although new LARC users reported no measurable objective change in sexual function or satisfaction, a sizable minority reported perceived positive, method-related sexual changes.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:
ClinicalTrials.gov, www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02734199.
Enoxaparin and Aspirin Compared With Aspirin Alone to Prevent Placenta-Mediated Pregnancy Complications
Authors: Haddad Bassam , Winer Norbert , Chitrit Yvon , Houfflin-Debarge Véronique , Chauleur Céline , Bages Karine , Tsatsaris Vassilis , Benachi Alexandra , Bretelle Florence , Gris Jean-Christophe , Bastuji-Garin Sylvie ,   for the Heparin-Preeclampsia (HEPEPE) Trial Investigators
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate whether daily enoxaparin, added to low-dose aspirin, started before 14 weeks of gestation reduces placenta-mediated complications in pregnant women with previous severe preeclampsia diagnosed before 34 weeks of gestation.

METHODS:
In this open-label multicenter randomized trial, we enrolled consenting pregnant women with previous severe preeclampsia diagnosed before 34 weeks of gestation, gestational age at randomization of 7–13 weeks, singleton pregnancy, and no plan for anticoagulation. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to a one-to-one ratio to receive daily either 4,000 international units enoxaparin plus 100 mg aspirin or 100 mg aspirin alone. Randomization was done by a web-based randomization system. The primary composite outcome comprised maternal death, perinatal death, preeclampsia, small for gestational age (less than the 10th percentile), and placental abruption. A sample size of 232 women equally divided into two groups was needed to detect a significant reduction in primary outcome from 55% in the aspirin group to 36.7% in the enoxaparin-aspirin group (α: 0.05, β: 0.8, two-sided).

RESULTS:
Between November 14, 2009, and February 21, 2015, 257 participants were enrolled. Baseline demographic and clinical factors were similar between groups. Eight women were excluded after randomization (six in the enoxaparin–aspirin group and two in the aspirin group), leaving 124 participants assigned to enoxaparin–aspirin and 125 to aspirin. Five participants were lost to follow-up (two in the enoxaparin–aspirin group and three in the aspirin group). There was no significant difference between the groups in the primary outcome: enoxaparin–aspirin 42 of 122 (34.4%) compared with aspirin alone 50 of 122 (41%) (relative risk 0.84, 95% confidence interval 0.61–1.16, P=.29). The occurrence of complications did not differ between the two groups.

CONCLUSION:
Antepartum prophylactic enoxaparin does not significantly reduce placenta-mediated complications in women receiving low-dose aspirin for previous severe preeclampsia diagnosed before 34 weeks of gestation.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:
ClinicalTrials.gov, https://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT00986765.
Antenatal Corticosteroids and Outcomes of Small-for-Gestational-Age Neonates
Authors: Melamed Nir , Pittini Alex , Barrett Jon , Shah Jyotsna , Yoon Eugene W. , Lemyre Brigitte , Lee Shoo K. , Murphy Kellie E. , Shah Prakesh S. ,   for the Canadian Neonatal Network Investigators
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE:
To assess the association of antenatal corticosteroids and neonatal outcomes of preterm small-for-gestational-age (SGA) neonates and estimate whether the association is similar to that observed in appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) neonates.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data collected on singleton neonates born between 24 0/7 and 33 6/7 weeks of gestation and admitted to tertiary neonatal units in Canada between 2010 and 2014. Outcomes of SGA neonates (birth weight less than the 10th percentile) who received antenatal corticosteroids 1–7 days before birth (n=698) were compared with those of SGA neonates who did not receive antenatal corticosteroids (n=220). A similar comparison was performed between AGA neonates (birth weight between 10th and 90th percentile) who received antenatal corticosteroids 1–7 days before birth (n=3,781) and AGA neonates that did not receive antenatal corticosteroids (n=1,868). The association of antenatal corticosteroid exposure with outcomes was assessed using multivariable logistic regression and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were compared between SGA and AGA groups.

RESULTS:
Of the 6,567 neonates eligible for the study, 918 (14.0%) were SGA. Women in the SGA group who were exposed to antenatal corticosteroids had a lower rate of neonatal death (7% compared with 12%, P=.01) compared with those not exposed to antenatal corticosteroids, whereas the rate of composite outcome was similar between the two groups (28% compared with 30%, P=.56). After adjustment for potential confounders, exposure to antenatal corticosteroids 1–7 days before birth was associated with beneficial effects among both the SGA and AGA groups with similar reduced odds of neonatal death (SGA: adjusted OR 0.29 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.15–0.57] compared with AGA: adjusted OR 0.40 [95% CI 0.29–0.54], P=.40), composite outcome (SGA: adjusted OR 0.53 [95% CI 0.33–0.87] compared with AGA: adjusted OR 0.51 [95% CI 0.42–0.62], P=.85), need for mechanical ventilation (SGA: adjusted OR 0.60 [95% CI 0.39–0.91] compared with AGA: adjusted OR 0.54 [95% CI 0.46–0.64], P=.70), and severe brain injury (SGA: adjusted OR 0.42 [95% CI 0.22–0.84] compared with AGA: adjusted OR 0.39 [95% CI 0.30–0.51], P=.80). Similar reduction in the odds of neonatal death was observed in the subgroup of neonates with birth weight less than the fifth percentile for gestational age and sex: adjusted OR 0.38 (95% CI 0.16–0.92).

CONCLUSION:
For SGA preterm neonates, exposure to antenatal corticosteroids 1–7 days before birth was associated with decreased odds of neonatal mortality and morbidity similar in magnitude to that observed among AGA neonates.
Breastfeeding Initiation Associated With Reduced Incidence of Diabetes in Mothers and Offspring
Authors: Martens Patricia J. , Shafer Leigh Anne , Dean Heather J. , Sellers Elizabeth A. C. , Yamamoto Jennifer , Ludwig Sora , Heaman Maureen , Phillips-Beck Wanda , Prior Heather J. , Morris Margaret , McGavock Jonathan , Dart Allison B. , Shen Garry X. 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE:
To examine associations between breastfeeding initiation and subsequent diabetes among First Nations (indigenous people in Canada who are not Métis or Inuit) and non–First Nations mothers and their offspring with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

METHODS:
This retrospective database study included 334,553 deliveries (1987–2011) in Manitoba with up to 24 years of follow-up for diabetes using population-based databases. Information of breastfeeding initiation before hospital discharge was obtained from hospital abstracts recorded by nurses in postpartum wards. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to examine the association between breastfeeding initiation and risk of diabetes in mothers and their offspring.

RESULTS:
Breastfeeding initiation was recorded in 83% of non–First Nations mothers and 56% of First Nations mothers (P<.001). Breastfeeding initiation was associated with a reduced risk of incident (later developed) diabetes in non–First Nations mothers without GDM (hazard ratio [HR] 0.73 [or −27% of risk], 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68–0.79), non–First Nations mothers with GDM (HR 0.78 or −22% of risk, CI 0.69–0.89), First Nations mothers without GDM (HR 0.89 or −11% of risk, CI 0.81–0.98), and First Nations mothers with GDM (HR 0.82 or −18% of risk, CI 0.73–0.92) with 24 years of follow-up or less. With 24 years of follow-up or less, breastfeeding initiation was associated with a 17% lower risk of youth-onset type 2 diabetes in offspring (HR 0.83, CI 0.69–0.99, P=.038). The association between breastfeeding initiation and subsequent diabetes in mothers and offspring was independent of family income, rural residence, First Nations status, GDM, parity, gestational hypertension, and age of the mother.

CONCLUSION:
Breastfeeding initiation is associated with a reduced risk of diabetes among women and their offspring in Manitoba. The results suggest that breastfeeding might be a potentially modifiable factor to reduce the risk of diabetes in both First Nations and non–First Nations women and children.
Maternal Diabetes, Birth Weight, and Neonatal Risk of Congenital Heart Defects in Norway, 1994–2009
Authors: Leirgul Elisabeth , Brodwall Kristoffer , Greve Gottfried , Vollset Stein E. , Holmstrøm Henrik , Tell Grethe S. , Øyen Nina 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between pregestational or gestational diabetes and offspring risk of congenital heart defects and the association between large-for-gestational-age birth weight and risk of cardiac defects in offspring of diabetic women.METHODS:Information on pregestational and gestational diabetes, cardiac defects, and birth weight among all births in Norway in 1994–2009 was ascertained from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, national health registries, and the Cardiovascular Disease in Norway project. The relative risk (RR) compared offspring risk of cardiac defects for maternal diabetes with offspring risk in nondiabetic mothers adjusted for year of birth, maternal age, and parity.RESULTS:Among 914,427 births (live births, stillbirths, terminated pregnancies), 5,618 (0.61%) were complicated by maternal pregestational diabetes and 9,726 (1.06%) by gestational diabetes. Congenital heart defects were identified in 10,575 offspring. The prevalence of cardiac defects differed between groups: 344 of 10,000 births to women with pregestational diabetes, 172 of 10,000 to women with gestational diabetes, and 114 of 10,000 in women without diabetes (adjusted RRs 2.92, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.54–3.36 and 1.47, 95% CI 1.26–1.71). During the study period, the adjusted RRs for congenital heart defects did not change. The risk of cardiac defects in neonates very large for gestational age (birth weight greater than 3 standard deviations above the mean) was compared with neonates with birth weight appropriate for gestational age. For pregestational diabetes, the prevalences of offspring cardiac defects were 561 compared with 248 per 10,000 births (adjusted RR 2.23, 95% CI 1.39–3.59) and for gestational diabetes 388 compared with 132 per 10,000 (adjusted RR 2.73, 95% CI 1.53–4.85).CONCLUSION:The increased risk of having a child with a congenital heart defect has not changed for diabetic women in Norway since 1994. Among women with pregestational or gestational diabetes, having a large-for-gestational-age neonate was associated with a two- to threefold increased risk of cardiac defects compared with neonates with normal birth weight.
Factors Associated With Recurrence After Surgical Resection in Women With Intravenous Leiomyomatosis
Authors: Yu Xin , Zhang Guorui , Lang Jinghe , Liu Bao , Zhao Dachun 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE:
To analyze the recurrence features and prognostic factors of patients with intravenous leiomyomatosis after complete tumor resection.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective study of 58 patients with intravenous leiomyomatosis with follow-up data out of 75 patients treated from September 2005 to September 2015 and an analysis of postoperative recurrence features and prognostic factors.

RESULTS:
The average patient age was 45.4 years. The preoperative diagnosis rate was low. Among the 58 total patients, 31 had tumors that spread to the inferior vena cava and heart. During the median follow-up of 11.5 months, recurrence occurred in 18 patients at a rate of 31.0% (95% confidence interval 19.0–43.0%). Recurrence was associated with the preoperative tumor extent, and large vein involvement (16/31 compared with 2/27, P=.02) was a risk factor for postoperative recurrence. Postoperative recurrence was not associated with age (1/10 in 50 years or older compared with 17/48 younger than 50 years, P=.35), involvement of the heart (10/22 compared with 8/36, P=.28), resection of the uterus (16/51 compared with 2/7, P=.84) or bilateral ovaries (15/40 compared with 3/18, P=.65) with complete tumor removal, the choice of one-stage or two-stage surgery (11/45 for one-stage surgery compared with 7/13 for two-stage surgery, P=.20), postoperative antiestrogen hormone therapy (10/24 compared with 8/34, P=.53), or the hormone therapy duration (5/17 in the over-6-months group compared with 13/41 in the under-6-months group, P=.81).

CONCLUSION:
The postoperative recurrence rate of intravenous leiomyomatosis was high, and large vein involvement was associated with an increased risk of recurrence. Continued postoperative follow-up is important. Neither resection of bilateral ovaries nor postoperative hormone therapy was associated with recurrence.