bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Além da sociedade de economia mista
Authors: Ferraz Luciano 
Published: February 2016

O presente artigo analisa as parcerias societárias entre Estado e setor privado no Brasil, que transcendem as clássicas figuras do Decreto-Lei nº 200/1967. O trabalho expõe que novas modelagens societárias podem ser conformadas, assumindo diferentes formas e estruturas. Dentro do contexto de governança coorporativa, o poder público está autorizado pelo ordenamento jurídico brasileiro a firmar acordos com acionistas privados que podem alterar a participação estatal na entidade, sua responsabilidade, a direção e os controles societários e uma série de outros fatores. Dependendo da modelagem societária, a entidade será exposta a diferentes níveis de incidência de normas de direito público e de direito privado e de controles públicos. The presente article investigates brazilian partnerships between businesses and Public Administration beyond the classics arrangements from Decreto-Lei 200/1967. It shows that those new arrangements can assume varied combinations, taking many forms and structures. Into the corporative governance context, government is allowed, according Brazilian legal system, to make agreements with private shareholders which can chance State participation in corporation´s struture affecting its areas of responsibility, lines of authority and succession, and a variety of other factors can also be negotiated. Depending on the partnership structure, a partnership may be exposed to greater level public law or civil law and public reviews.
Orçamento Público: desenhando um modelo democrático de planejamento orçamentário
Authors: Poli Luciana Costa , Hazan Bruno Ferraz 
Published: February 2016

O estudo aborda o orçamento público como instrumento que evidencia uma série de escolhas pautadas por políticas públicas, revelando que sua elaboração deveria ao menos espelhar um espaço de luta política, a propiciar que as divergentes forças sociais se movimentem para buscar concretizar seus interesses. O artigo menciona, ainda, a experiência portuguesa da desorçamentação como processo de descentralização administrativa e os estudos de Charles Taylor sobre a desejada estruturação de novos significados para as ações humanas que possam trafegar entre as questões individuais e o espaço público em busca de um processo de reconhecimento. Propõe-se construir um modelo democrático de planejamento orçamentário associado a uma visão capaz de propiciar a participação de todos os destinatários de forma a se perseguir uma ética que permita aos indivíduos recuperar aquilo que lhes confere a possibilidade de projetar existencialmente formas significativas de vida e de engajamento na sociedade. The study addresses the public budget as an instrument that evidences a series of choices guided by public policies, revealing that its development should at least mirror an arena of political struggle, to provide that the divergent social forces move to achieve their interests. The article also mentions the Portuguese experience of off-budget as an administrative decentralization process and the studies of Charles Taylor concerning the desired structuring of new meanings for human actions that can travel between the individual issues and public space in search of a recognition process. It is proposed to build a democratic model of budget planning associated with a vision to provide the participation of all recipients in order to pursue an ethic that allows individuals to recover what gives them the possibility of designing existentially meaningful ways of life and engagement in society.
Além do Estado: o surgimento da administração global
Authors: Casini Lorenzo 
Published: February 2016

O artigo apresenta considerações a respeito das organizações internacionais, com foco em seus assuntos administrativos. Para tanto, é traçado um breve histórico do surgimento e dos cenários dessas organizações. As atividades e formas de organização também são questões discutidas, bem como a identificação e exposição dos tipos de administração global. The article presents considerations about the international organizations, focusing on their administrative subjects. Therefore, it is traced a brief history of the appearance and perspectives of these organizations. The activities and forms of organization are also discussed issues as well as the identification and explanation of the types of global governance.
Lei nº 12.527/2011 e o planejamento da ação estatal: uma interpretação orientada a prevenir a desinformação
Authors: Valle Vanice Regina Lírio do 
Published: February 2016

A eclosão da sociedade do conhecimento é fenômeno sociológico que revelou a importância do acesso à informação nas relações estabelecidas com a Administração Pública. Um movimento de alcance mundial resultou na promulgação de leis de acesso à informação; não obstante a aprovação da Lei de Acesso à Informação em 2011, importantes aspectos da norma merecem aprofundamento, especialmente sua aplicação a processos deliberativos que possam estar se desenvolvendo na Administração Pública, no planejamento de políticas públicas ou no exercício do controle. A interpretação nesse campo deve se orientar a prover conhecimento e a prevenir que dados parciais, oferecidos prematuramente, possam trazer desinformação, ao invés de participação qualificada da cidadania, como requerido pelo ambiente democrático. The outbreak of the knowledge society is a sociological phenomenon that revealed the importance of information access when it comes to public policies and choices. A worldwide movement resulted in the editing of access to information acts – and Brazil is not an exception. Despite the approval of the Brazilian Access to Information Act in 2011, there are still important aspects in that law that should be deepened, especially on how it applies to ongoing deliberative processes that might be held by public administration, in the public policies planning and controlling branch. Interpretation here should be oriented to provide knowledge, and to prevent that partial data prematurely delivered might bring misinformation, instead of qualified citizenry participation required by a democratic ambience.
A tragédia do Judiciário
Authors: Gico Jr. Ivo Teixeira 
Published: February 2016

Este artigo demonstra como a insegurança jurídica causada pela ausência de uniformização de jurisprudência (capital jurídico) pode explicar o problema de congestionamento dos tribunais brasileiros. A análise indica que os magistrados não possuem incentivos e mecanismos suficientes para uniformizar regras jurídicas. A insegurança jurídica resultante, combinada com o livre acesso ao serviço público adjudicatório constitucionalmente garantido, gera incentivos para a sobreutilização dos tribunais, resultando no problema endêmico de congestionamento, a Tragédia do Judiciário. O congestionamento atrai litigantes que desejam postergar suas obrigações pelo sistema judicial, enquanto litigantes legítimos são excluídos, um problema trágico de seleção adversa. This paper shows how legal uncertainty caused by the lack of case law uniformity (legal capital) can explain the court congestion problem in Brazil. The analysis indicates that judges do not have enough incentives and mechanisms to invest in legal capital and to unify legal rules. The resulting legal uncertainty, combined with constitutionally granted free access to public adjudicatory services, generate incentives for the overexploitation of courts, hence, the endemic problem of court congestion, the Tragedy of Judiciary. Court congestion attracts litigation to stall legal obligations while excluding legitimate claims, a tragic adverse selection problem.
Regulações expropriatórias: apontamentos para uma teoria
Authors: Cyrino André Rodrigues 
Published: February 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é atentar para a necessidade do desenvolvimento de uma teoria geral voltada à fixação de limites materiais ao regulador brasileiro. Especificamente: para os casos em que o poder público vai longe demais e, pelo caminho mais fácil da regulação, acaba por expropriar. Trata-se das denominadas regulações expropriatórias. Regulações cujo feitio de legítimas normas limitadoras da atividade econômica encobre um ato de inconstitucional esvaziamento da propriedade privada, entendida em seu sentido amplo, enquanto garantia de proteção de bens e direitos contra o confisco. A experiência dos EUA acerca dos regulatory takings será usada como um ponto de partida, a fim de encontrar fundamentos para a construção de uma teoria no Brasil. Além disso, o artigo aponta para a urgência de que se promova uma revisão da doutrina das desapropriações indiretas e das limitações administrativas nos Tribunais Superiores, para que sejam investigados possíveis excessos regulatórios e identificadas as regulações expropriatórias. This article’s goal is to draw attention to the necessity of development of a general theory focused on establishing material limits for the Brazilian regulator. In particular, for those cases in which the Government goes too far and, through the easier path of regulation, ends up expropriating. These are called regulatory takings. Regulations that only seem to be legitimate, but are, in fact, unconstitutional acts that violate private property rights, understood in the broad sense, as a guarantee of protection against confiscation. The U.S. experience regarding regulatory takings is going to be used as a starting point, in order to find basis for the construction of a theory in Brazil. Furthermore, the article points to the urgent need to promote a revision of the doctrine of “indirect expropriation” and administrative constraints in the Superior Courts, so as to investigate possible regulatory excesses and to identify the expropriatory regulations.
Economic Assessment of University Graduates’ Education Quality
Authors: Басовский  , Basovskiy Leonid , Панин  , Panin Vladimir 
Published: February 2016

The quality of education as an economic good can be estimated through
profitability of human capital formed in the education system. wages of college
graduates can be used for science-based evaluation of the quality of higher
education. Ministry of Education and Science monitors the employment
of graduates and provides data on the amount of wages. A representative
evaluation of the quality of education lies in the ratio of wages of college graduates
to the average salary at their places of employment. The assessment shows that
the quality of education in the metropolitan area is not the highest in the country.
Obtaining quantitative estimates of the quality of higher education provides the
foundation for effective quality management systems.
A Novel Approach to Control the Robotic Hand Grasping Process by Using an Artificial Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Nacy Somer M. , Tawfik Mauwafak A. , Baqer Ihsan A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis paper presents an artificial neural network (ANN) trained on the patterns of slip signals; these patterns were generated by using conventional sensors with a novel design of fingertip mechanism for detecting the slippage of a grasped object under different types of dynamic loads. This design is to be used with an underactuated triple finger artificial hand based on the pulleys-tendon mechanism. The grasped object is designed in a prism shape with three direct current motors with unbalance rotating mass to generate excitation in the object. Also, this object is covered with different types of surface materials, namely, spongy rubber, glass, and wood. Three types of external loads are used to disturb the grasping process represented by quasi-static pulling on the object, the dynamic load on the object, and on the artificial arm in separate form. The mathematical modeling has been derived for the proposed design to generate the signal of contact force components ratio through using the conventional sensor signals with the aid of Matlab-Simulink software. The ANN has been trained on the basis of the patterns of force component ratio signals at slippage occurrence, in order to detect slippage and then prevent it without the need for any knowledge about the surface properties of the grasped object. The experimental results are discussed in comparison with the physical aspect of the slippage phenomenon, and they show good agreement with the physical definition of the slippage phenomenon. In addition, the network evaluation results are discussed with different parameters that govern the controller operation, such as network error, classification efficiency, and delay in response time.
Crystal structure of 2-amino-4-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-7,7-dimethyl-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile, C18H16Cl2N2O2
Authors: Sui Feng , Li Jing 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
C18H16Cl2N2O2, triclinic P1̅ (no. 2), a =8.5266(7) Å, b = 11.2217(9) Å, c = 11.5785(9) Å, α = 113.355(8)°, β = 103.305(7)°, γ = 98.461(7)°, V = 953.92(16) Å3, R
gt
(F) = 0.0524, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1747, T = 293 K.
Analysis of the sea levels in Kiribati A Rising Sea of Misrepresentation Sinks Kiribati
Authors: Parker Albert 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe sea levels of Kiribati have been stable over the last few decades, as elsewhere in the world. The Australian government funded Pacific Sea Level Monitoring (PSLM) project has adjusted sea level records to produce an unrealistic rising trend. Some information has been hidden or neglected, especially from sources of different management. The measured monthly average mean sea levels suffer from subsidence or manipulation resulting in a tilting from the about 0 (zero) mm/year of nearby tide gauges to 4 (four) mm/year over the same short time window. Real environmental problems are driven by the increasing local population leading to troubles including scarcity of water, localized sinking and localised erosion.
Np(V) solubility, speciation and solid phase formation in alkaline CaCl2 solutions. Part I: Experimental results
Authors: Fellhauer David , Rothe Jörg , Altmaier Marcus , Neck Volker , Runke Jörg , Wiss Thierry , Fanghänel Thomas 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The aqueous chemistry of Np(V) in alkaline 0.01 to 5.5 M CaCl2 solutions at T = 23 ± 2 ℃ was thoroughly studied by long-term batch solubility experiments from both over- and undersaturation. Applying a comprehensive set of experimental and spectroscopic techniques including Vis/NIR and Np L3-edge EXAFS, the solubility controlling Np(V) solid phases and the predominant aqueous Np(V) species were identified. The results demonstrate that the solubility behavior of Np(V) in alkaline CaCl2 solutions differs completely from the one reported for alkaline NaCl and NaClO4 solutions: as solubility limiting solid phases, three so far not considered Ca-Np(V)-OH compounds were identified and their solubility and stability in CaCl2 solutions analyzed: CaNpO2(OH)2.6Cl0.4 · 2H2O(s) (I) (metastable), Ca0.5NpO2(OH)2 · 1.3H2O(s) (II) (long-term metastable) and Ca0.5NpO2(OH)2(s) (III) (stable). The considerably higher stability of these (qua)ternary phases which readily form in alkaline CaCl2 solutions from oversaturation (addition of NpO2
+) and undersaturation (addition of binary NpO2OH(am)) limit the Np(V) equilibrium concentrations to values that are up to 3 log-units lower compared to those for NpO2OH(am) in NaCl and NaClO4 systems. Based on systematic evaluation of the pH dependence (solubility curve slopes), Vis/NIR and EXAFS spectroscopic information, unhydrolysed NpO2
+ and innersphere chloro complexes, NpO2Cl(aq) and Ca
z
[NpO2Cl]2z+ with z = 1 (EXAFS, Vis/NIR), were identified as prevailing Np(V) species in less alkaline solutions with pHm < 10.5 for [CaCl2] ≤ 2.0 M and [CaCl2] > 2.0 M, respectively. The steep increase of the Np(V) solubility for pHm > 11 with slopes of approximately + 2.5 (for solid phase (I)) and + 3 (for solids (II) and (III)) as well as the Np L3-edge EXAFS results for the aqueous Np(V) species in 4.5 M CaCl2/pHm ≈ 12 confirm the presence of ternary Ca-Np(V)-OH complexes Ca
x
[NpO2(OH)2]2x–1 (x ≈ 1 is estimated within the thermodynamic evaluation in a subsequent paper (Fellhauer, D., Altmaier, M., Gaona, X., Lützenkirchen, J., Fanghänel, Th., Np(V) solubility, speciation and solid phase formation in alkaline CaCl2 solutions. Part II: Thermodynamics and implications for source term estimations of nuclear waste disposal (Radiochim. Acta, DOI 10.1515/ract-2015-2490), in the following referred to as “Part II” [1]) and Ca
y
[NpO2(OH)5]2y–4 with y ≈ 2.4 ± 1.5 (EXAFS result) as predominant Np(V) hydrolysis species in solution for [CaCl2] ≥ 0.25 and pHm > 10.5. The thermodynamic evaluation and implications of the new findings with respect to source term estimations for nuclear waste disposal scenarios are discussed in “Part II” [1]).
Fracturas de tobillo. Comparación entre la cirugía abierta y el método mínimamente invasivo. [Ankle fractures. Comparison between open surgery and a minimally invasive method.]
Authors: Yañez Arauz Juan , Arzac Ulla Ignacio Ricardo , Fiorentini Gustavo , Yañez Arauz Martin 
Published: February 2016

<p><strong><span lang="ES">Introducción</span></strong></p><p><strong></strong><span lang="ES">Las fracturas de tobillo son lesiones traumáticas frecuentes. El tratamiento, en general, es quirúrgico. La cirugía puede ser abierta o percutánea. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar el método mínimamente invasivo y el de la cirugía convencional abierta en el tratamiento de las fracturas de tobillo AO B.</span></p><p><strong><span lang="ES">Materiales y Métodos</span></strong></p><p><span lang="ES">Estudio prospectivo comparativo de 75 casos de fracturas AO B operados con MIPO y 58 casos operados por vía convencional. Se agruparon según a la clasificación AO. Se evaluaron las características durante el período intraoperatorio y la hospitalización, los resultados funcionales, según los puntajes de la AOFAS y de Weber, y los resultados radiológicos El seguimiento promedio de ambos grupos fue de 20.4 meses.</span></p><p><strong><span lang="ES">Resultados</span></strong></p><p><strong></strong><span lang="ES">Se mencionan los resultados comparativos del tiempo quirúrgico, la estadía hospitalaria, el tiempo de fluoroscopia, la carga del peso. El puntaje de la AOFAS a los 3 meses<strong>:<strong> grupo A:</strong></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>96,5 y grupo B: 99. Reducción radiológica: 97,4% con MIPO y 98,3% de los casos convencionales.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><strong>Retorno a la actividad laboral</strong><strong>:</strong> grupo A, 3.6 meses promedio, grupo B: 2.5 meses promedio.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><strong>Retorno a la actividad deportiva</strong>: grupo A: media 4.8 meses; grupo B: media 3.7 meses.</span></p><p><strong><span lang="ES">Conclusiones</span></strong></p><p><strong></strong><span lang="ES">De este estudio, se desprende que la MIPO para tratar las fracturas transindesmales es una buena opción, la evolución y la recuperación son más rápidas que con la técnica abierta, y el índice de complicaciones es bajo. </span></p>
Colgajos Pediculados en Defectos de Tejidos Blandos en Niños. [Pedicled Flaps for Coverage of Soft-tissue Defects in Children.]
Authors: Nuñez Javier Eduardo , Bertolotti Roman , Iglesias Santiago , Flores Gabriela , Vanoli Fernando , Allende Christian 
Published: February 2016

<p><strong>Introducción</strong>: El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar los resultados obtenidos con la utilización de colgajos pediculados utilizados para la cobertura de defectos de tejidos blandos en los miembros en niños.</p><p><strong>Material y Métodos</strong>: Se evaluaron retrospectivamente 13 niños que sufrieron traumatismo o quemadura de los miembros con pérdida o retracción severa de tejidos blandos, que requirieron de un colgajo pediculado para la adecuada cobertura del defecto, entre el año 2004 y 2013. La edad de los pacientes promedió 7.9 años. El tiempo entre el trauma inicial y la realización del colgajo promedió 39 días. La cobertura se realizó utilizando colgajo sural en cuatro casos, colgajo en isla vasculo-nervioso (Littler) en dos casos, colgajo radial en dos casos, colgajo inguinal en tres casos, colgajo abdominal en un caso y colgajo dorsal ancho en un caso. En todos los casos se realizó la reparación o reconstrucción de las lesiones asociadas en el mismo tiempo quirúrgico.</p><p><strong>Resultados</strong>: El seguimiento de los pacientes promedió 19 meses. En los 13 casos se obtuvo buena cobertura del defecto a cubrir. El tiempo de internación promedió 8.1 días. Hubo una infección, una necrosis superficial y dos pacientes con cicatriz hipertrófica. Dos pacientes necesitaron tenolisis y dos zetaplastias. Todos los colgajos realizados en miembro inferior permitieron la vuelta a la actividad deportiva normal.</p><p><strong>Conclusión</strong>: A pesar del creciente número de colgajos libres descriptos para la reconstrucción de tejidos blandos, los colgajos pediculados permiten obtener una adecuada cobertura en la mayoría de estas lesiones en niños, ya que permiten buena cobertura tanto ósea como de tendones y estructuras vasculo-nerviosas, siendo posible la reconstrucción de las lesiones asociadas por debajo de los mismos sin inconvenientes. Entre las desventajas de la utilización de estos colgajos en adultos se nombran la inmovilización del miembro afectado, con una potencial rigidez y la formación de edema, pero esto no fue evidenciado en los niños incluidos en esta serie.</p>
Jobs and Career Plans of New Pediatric Subspecialists
Authors: Freed Gary L. , Moran Lauren M. , Althouse Linda A. , Van Kenton D. , Leslie Laurel K. ,   on behalf of The Research Advisory Committee of the American Board of Pediatrics
Published: February 2016

OBJECTIVES:
The issues of importance in selecting a first job for new pediatric subspecialists, and their ability to find positions that match their professional and clinical goals, are unknown. The objectives were to (1) describe current employment patterns, practice characteristics, factors influencing choice of first position, and future work goals of new pediatric subspecialists; and (2) examine the relationship of these variables with the actual professional time allocation and clinical responsibilities compared with the desired first job.

METHODS:
The authors surveyed 3010 individuals sitting for ≥1 of the 14 subspecialty certification exams. The main outcomes were (1) most important factors in choosing employment; (2) ability to gain employment in positions that matched their goals; and (3) variation in employment characteristics among men versus women, time since completion of training, and part-time versus full-time status.

RESULTS:
Response rate was 97%. Lifestyle/spousal or family considerations was the factor identified as most important in the choice of first position after fellowship training for half of respondents (50%; n = 1277). There was a median of 75% of actual time spent in direct and/or consultative inpatient or outpatient care, with 5% in medical education, 5% in administration, and 5% in research. A majority (74%; n = 1825) reported this proportion to be approximately what they wanted. Most respondents (89%; n = 2194) reported that their allocation of patient care responsibilities (ie, inpatient versus outpatient) was approximately what they wanted.

CONCLUSION
A large majority of pediatric subspecialists found initial positions matching their goals for professional responsibilities and clinical care.