bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of two treatment methods of congenital clubfoot in the orthopaedists’ opinion
Authors: Okoński Piotr , Misztal-Okońska Patrycja , Okoński Marek , Książek Piotr , Goniewicz Mariusz 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Introduction. Clubfoot is the second most common birth defect of the lower limb. In Europe (including Poland) it concerns about 1-2 in 1000 newborns. What is characteristic for a clubfoot, is change in the foot shape and its impairment with preserving anatomical structures.

Aim. The aim of this work is to gather opinions of orthopedic physicians on the effectiveness of the two methods used to treat congenital clubfoot: the Turco method and the Ponseti method.

Material and methods. The research method used in the work was a diagnostic survey and research technique was the author’s questionnaire designed to gather opinions of orthopedic surgeons on the two methods of clubfoot treatment. The questionnaires were collected in the Orthopaedic Clinics in Lublin and Rzeszów, as well as during the specialization courses for orthopaedic surgeons in Lublin.

Results. The most important advantages of the Ponseti method according to respondents are high clinical effectiveness (average 4.48) and short duration of hospitalization (average 4.31). While the most important disadvantages of the method is length of rehabilitation (average 2.85) and convalescence (average 2.36). Top assets of the Turco method in turn, according to respondents, are high clinical efficiency (average 2.92) and certainty of the patient’s recovery (2.74). In turn, the downsides of the Turco method according to the respondents are high invasiveness (average 4.11) and length of convalescence (average 3.87).

Conclusion. The Ponseti method is the surveyed doctors’ preferred method of congenital clubfoot treatment.
Community system of social support
Authors: Włoch Krzysztof , Jaroszyński Janusz , Warchoł-Sławińska Ewa , Jurek Anna , Drop Bartłomiej , Furtak-Niczyporuk Marzena 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Community System of Social Support is the basis of modern health care systems not only in Poland but all over the world in the prophylaxis-treatment-rehabilitation procedure.
In Poland, family doctors, commune councils and territorial self-governments are involved in it. Family doctors perform a substantial function, whereas commune councils and territorial self-governments an administrative one. The principle of the system work is evaluation of its benefits. Its aim is the reduction of the number of patients who abuse alcohol and those who abuse alcohol despite treatment.
Whistle Blowing: What Do Contemporary Ethical Theories Say?
Authors: Bosupeng Mpho 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The rising number of scandals leading to the closure of many large companies is worrisome. The traditional belief is that business and ethics are oxymorons and one is not expected to be totally virtuous during business operations. Nonetheless, this does not mean ethical standards should be side-lined. Professional associations such as the Chartered Financial Institute (CFA) uphold moral values and urge members to exercise high moral standards and diligence in their duties. Philosophically, major accounting scandals could have been nipped in the bud by whistle blowing before the wrong deeds escalated. However whistle blowing is a major issue and is viewed as disloyalty. In this paper, the dilemmas of whistle blowing are evaluated using contemporary ethical theories which are: egoism, deontology and utilitarianism. The analysis shows that deontology and utilitarianism are based on altruism and may support whistle blowing because they are grounded on consideration of other people. It is worth noting that morally upright adults are often a result of being brought up as ethical children from a psychological standpoint.
Strategic Business Espionage: An Ethics and Business Practices to Gain Opportunity or Community Problems
Authors: Budiono Gatut L. , Sawitri Ni Nyoman 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The Research mainly focus on the business of espionage, it should be done but must adhere to ethical standards to be able to increase the efficiency of products, lower costs, accelerate business growth. Meanwhile it has been feared able to cause social problems as in theft, causing casualties and harm to the company personnel as well as other individuals. Several strategies have been found to prevent business espionage happening within the business enterprise. The study was conducted through a research library.
Are There Causal Relationships between Islamic versus Conventional Equity Indices? International Evidence
Authors: El Amri Henda , Hamza Taher 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper investigates Islamic Versus Conventional market indexes’ performance. It analyzes also their short and long term relationship by testing cointegration, causality and impulse response functions. The sample period is from 2003 to 2011 and splited into 3 sub-periods: pre, during and post subprime crisis. Our findings provide evidence that first, index performance are somewhat mixed over the different period and through the different indices under consideration, and support the hypothesis that the impact of faith-based screens on investment performance is insignificant. Second, over the three sub-periods, there is no long run relationship between the Islamic indices and their conventional counterparts’ performance, except for the Islamic emerging markets indices. Third, in the short-run, we find different causal links between Islamic Versus non-Islamic indices over the three sub-periods. This finding is robust even after testing an impulse responses functions. Our findings have important implications for international portfolio diversification.
A Review on the Evolution of Calendar Anomalies
Authors: Kumar Satish 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In this article, we provide a detailed review on the behavior of calendar anomalies (day–of–the–week, January and turn–of–month in particular) to understand their evolution over time. The research in the area of stock market indicates negative returns on Monday and positive returns on Friday; however, in the currency markets, results are opposite, that is, the returns on Monday are positive and higher than the returns on Friday which show negative returns. For the January (TOM) effect, the literature suggest that the returns during January (TOM trading days) are higher (lower) than the returns during rest of the year (non–TOM trading days). Further, these calendar anomalies were stronger during the 1980s and 1990s and have gradually diminished in the recent times which indicate that the markets have achieved a higher degree of efficiency.
Dynamic Externalities and Regional Manufacturing Growth: Evidence from India
Authors: Sharma Anand 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Using Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) dataset for 11 two-digit manufacturing industries and 20 states, this paper tests the relationship between dynamic agglomeration externalities and regional manufacturing growth for India. Three types of dynamic externalities have been proposed in the literature for explaining this relationship – Marshall-Arrow-Romer (MAR) specialization externalities, Jacobs’s diversity externalities, and Porter’s competition externalities. This paper examines the effect of these dynamic externalities on regional manufacturing employment and total factor productivity (TFP) growth for selected Indian industries between 2001-02 and 2011-12. The panel data model results show that dynamic externalities are important in influencing employment growth but they do not seem to have an impact on the growth of manufacturing productivity. Further, the results show that specialization externalities positively affect the employment growth of capital-intensive industries whereas diversity externalities favourably affect the employment growth in labour-intensive industries. Our results suggest that the importance of dynamic externalities should not be examined by pooling all industries. The results also highlight the importance of infrastructural investments for boosting the growth of manufacturing employment and productivity.
Insult or prejudice: a study on the racial prejudice expression in football
Authors: Ferreira Andreza Silene Silva , Leite Eldo Lima , Muniz Aíla Souza , Batista José Roniere Morais , Torres Ana Raquel Rosas , Estramiana José Luis Álvaro 
Published: June 2017

Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar em que medida o preconceito racial no futebol medeia a relação entre o uso de agressões verbais e a concordância com posicionamentos que negam a existência do preconceito racial no futebol. Participaram desta pesquisa 295 estudantes universitários da Paraíba, com idades entre 15 e 61 anos (M = 21, DP = 6,01) sendo 109 do sexo masculino e 185 do sexo feminino. Os resultados indicaram que a variável “preconceito racial” mediou totalmente a relação entre a agressão verbal e a concordância com as ações judiciais. Assim, as agressões verbais não seriam apenas manifestações de atitudes negativas direcionadas ao time rival, mas ao estarem associadas, de maneira significativa, com o preconceito, convertem-se em uma poderosa forma de legitimação do preconceito racial ao negar sua existência.
Comparative study between readjustable gastric balloon filled with air and others filled with saline inserted for obese patients and their effect on weight loss
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed Abdel Monem 
Published: June 2017

Background: Gastric balloon is widely used nowadays for weight loss for a category of patients that need loss of weight with average from 15 to 40 kgs and there is a long time of revolution for design and construction of gastric balloon beginning from non-inflatable air filled to re-inflatable saline filled ones.1 The gastric balloon we used in our study is the re-inflatable saline filled type which formed from very tough type of elastic material resist gastric acidity for long as more than one year,2 and the advice period for insertion ranging from 6 months to one year before removal.3 Aim was to compare the effect of filled material that we inject inside the balloon either air or saline on the reduction of weight of patients at the end of one year insertion of the re-inflatable gastric balloon.Methods: Thirty obese patients (19 female) and (11 male) undergoing gastric balloon insertion at Alsalama hospital Abu Dhabi are classified into two groups (group I) 15 patients (9 female and 6 males) are subjected to insertion of re-inflatable gastric balloon filled with 700 ml air and (group II) 15 patients (10 female and 5 male) are subjected to the insertion of re-inflatable gastric balloon filled with saline mixed with methylene blue and both groups was followed at 2,4 and 12 months postoperative.Results: The use of gastric balloon filled with saline causes more weight loss in patients than re-inflatable gastric balloon filled with air at the end of study.Conclusions: The use of saline filled re-inflatable gastric balloon insertion for weight reduction gives more good results in reduction of patient’s weight in our study.
Helicobacter pylori colonization of gallbladder in patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis
Authors: Gunasekaran Prabakar , Vinson Izhar 
Published: June 2017

Background: The relation of Helicobacter pylori and its presence in gallbladder mucosa in patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis has been a topic of various studies. In order to establish this relation, this study has been performed so as to bring to light the capability of the organism to harbor in the gallbladder.Methods: The patients underwent gastroscopy for specimens of gastric mucosa followed by laparoscopic/open cholecystectomy and histopathological examination of gallbladder specimen.Results: The results showed H. pylori in 16 (40%) in gastric mucosa specimens and 4 (10%) in gallbladder mucosa specimens.Conclusions: This revealed a significant correlation of H. pylori colonization in gallbladder mucosa with respect to gastric mucosa colonization.
A study on microbiology culture of acute appendicectomy specimen and its correlation with wound infection
Authors: Parthiban N. , Harish Mamilla 
Published: June 2017

Background: Appendicitis is a common condition which frequently requires emergency surgery and has postoperative wound infection has been reported in few cases which can be influenced by many factors, the most important being surgical skill and technique and the criteria used to define the infection. Bacteria play an important role in appendicitis and the local application of antibiotics or antiseptics can reduce the incidence of wound infection. In this study, we analyse the microbiology culture of acute appendicectomy specimen and its correlation with wound infection.Methods: This is a randomised control test study which was carried out 56 patients with appendicitis. The swab was taken from appendix lumen after appendicectomy and wound infection was sent to laboratory to carry out histology findings and infective organisms respectively. All patients were followed postoperatively for wound infection.Results: Bacteria was isolated from 60% swabs taken from appendix lumen in which gram-negative bacilli isolated as commonest bacteria among which perforated appendicitis shows 66.7% isolation of bacteria. Wound infection among patients underwent appendicectomy was 21%. Gram-negative bacilli were isolated from almost all swabs (100%) taken from wound infection.Conclusions: From this study and results, it shows gram negative bacilli was the commonest organisms isolated from the swabs taken from both appendix lumen and wound infection.
Evaluation of Alvardo score in diagnosis of acute appendicitis
Authors: Mokati Uday Kiran , Rao L. Hari Prasada , Durgesh N. Siva , Avinash P. , Lakshmi K. Baby , Prasad K. S. S. V. R. A. , Teja V. Viswa , Bhargavi P. , Deepika B. Anu , Krishna P. Rama 
Published: June 2017

Background: Acute appendicitis is a common cause of abdominal pain for which a prompt diagnosis is rewarded by a marked decrease in morbidity and mortality. Right Iliac fossa pain is the hallmark of acute appendicitis until proven otherwise. Decision making in a case of acute appendicitis may be difficult, especially for junior surgeons. Hence, we aimed at analysing the Alvarado Score in patients with right iliac fossa pain.Methods: A prospective study involving 120 patients with right iliac fossa pain attending KIMS casualty during May 2015- April 2016 were included in the study. Results: The least was in the age group of 56 to 65 years (2%). Out of 120 patients, 84 were males (70%) and 36 were female (30%). The male to female ratio was 1:0.4. Patients with Alvarado score 7-9 (Group I) includes 60 male and 26 females (71% of total study group). Alvarado score 5-6 (Group II) includes 17 males,19 female (22% of total study group). Alvarado score 1-4 (Group III) includes 7 males, and 1 female (7% of total study group). In patients of Group I, among 60 males, 51 were confirmed with acute appendicitis. Among 26 females, 19 were confirmed with acute appendicitis, with a positive appendicectomy rate of 81.3% and negative appendicectomy rate 19.7%. The numbers of patients were highest in the age group 15 to 25 years (38%) followed by 36 to 45 years (30%).Conclusions: The Modified Alvarado scoring system was found to be highly effective in the diagnosis of the acute appendicitis in men and can be widely used to avoid expensive time consuming and non-readily available additional investigations. However, this system was not very effective in women. Therefore, ultra sound examination of abdomen and pelvis and diagnostic laparoscopy are also advised to minimize the high false negative rate in women which excludes common pelvic pathology that mimic clinically acute appendicitis.
Study of respiratory distress syndrome in newborn with special reference to the role of bubble CPAP in its management
Authors: Sanghvi Avi , Rasania Manish 
Published: June 2017

Background: Respiratory distress syndrome is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm neonates. Intermittent positive pressure ventilation with surfactant therapy was standard treatment of RDS. IIPV is invasive, costly and requires expertise. It is not a viable option for many of the resource limited SNCU set ups of our country. Trials have showed that CPAP is noninvasive, easy to use, safe and effective. This study was done to find out effectiveness of CPAP in RDS, and also to find CPAP failure factors.Methods: This was a prospective observational study, carried out at SNCU of Dhiraj hospital, Piparia, Vadodara district, Gujarat, India form February 2014 to March 2015. Neonates with diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome were included in this study.Results: Total 57 (42 inborn and 15 out born) cases of RDS were analyzed in this study. Incidence of RDS was 3.68% of live births. 5(8.8%) settled down with low flow oxygen only. 24 (42.1%) successfully treated with CPAP only. 15 (26.3%) were treated with CPAP and surfactant. 13 (22.8%) were CPAP failure cases which required ventilator support. The variables significantly associated with failure of CPAP were: no exposure to antenatal steroids (p value of 0.025), grade 3-4 RDS on CXR (p value of 0.03), PDA (p value of 0.0264), sepsis/pneumonia (p value of <0.001) and Silverman Anderson score of ≥7 at admission (p value of 0.001). 3 (5.3%) went on DAMA. 5 (8.8%) expired and 49 (85.9%) were discharged. 4 out of 5 (80%) death occurred in very preterm group. 4 (80%) of death occurred in neonates whose mothers did not receive any dose of antenatal steroid. There was no mortality in neonates who were in need of surfactant and received within 6 hours of life. 75% of neonates having sepsis and asphyxia both along with RDS expired.Conclusions: Bubble CPAP is safe and very effective in low resource settings. CPAP failure is significantly associated with no antenatal steroids, grade 3 to 4 x-ray changes of RDS, Silverman Anderson score of ≥7 at beginning of CPAP, presence of significant PDA and association of sepsis/pneumonia.
Clinicohaematological profile of dengue in children: a hospital based study
Authors: Majeed Irshad Abdul , Avabratha K. Shreedhara , Gowda Lokesha R. , Syeda Sadia 
Published: June 2017

Background: Dengue fever is one of the most common arbo virus mediated outbreaks, being reported from different parts of the world. Now as the outbreaks are hitting different geographic locations, different clinical manifestations are being reported recently. The aim of this study is to document varied clinical manifestations and haematological parameters of dengue patients in a tertiary care centre.Methods: A total 130 cases of any of NS1 antigen, IgM card test positive or IgM ELISA positive dengue patients were included in this observational study. Clinical and haematological parameters were noted and analysed statistically.Results: Most common clinical feature was fever (100%) followed by headache (51.5%). Atypical features like seizures due to encephalitis was seen in a child with dengue. Seizure were present in 1.5% of cases, two children died due to severe dengue with shock and multi organ failure. In our study 26.92% of patients had thrombocytopenia. The mean Hb was 12.86 g/dl and platelet count was 104202/mm3.Conclusions: Fever and headache are the main features of dengue. However, one should be aware of different atypical presentations of dengue fever to diagnose and intervene timely. Early recognition of complication and timely intervention are required in the management of dengue cases.
Pattern of congenital heart diseases among children with Down syndrome attending a tertiary care medical college hospital
Authors: V. Kumar G. , V. Srinivasa , T. S. Ananda kumar 
Published: June 2017

Background: Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal abnormality associated with learning difficulties with reported incidence between1/600 -1/1000 live births. DS (trisomy 21) is the most common chromosomal abnormality seen in clinical practice. Most children with DS have trisomy 21, due to chromosomal non-disjunction during meiosis; however, other abnormalities, such as Robertsonian translocation, mosaic, double or triple aneuploidies have been reported. The association between DS and congenital heart disease (CHD) is well established. Congenital heart disease is the most common cause of death among patients with DS and affected children have an increased risk of mortality.Methods: The present descriptive study was conducted on children who had clinical features suggestive of Down syndrome and who were karyotypically proved as Down syndrome.Results: In 100 cases of down syndrome 60 children were males and 40 children were females. 45 children had congenital heart diseases. The frequency of CHD in down syndrome is 45%. Ventricular septal defect was the most common CHD found 40% children with down syndrome.Conclusions: All children with Down’s syndrome should have a cardiac evaluation at birth. Early referral and screening of all babies born with the clinical phenotype of DS should be encouraged due to the high prevalence of congenital heart defects.
Serum procacitonin as a diagnostic marker of bacterial infection in febrile children
Authors: K. Brindha , Manickam Kumar , Ulagaratchagan Santhakumari , Kumar Mohan , Sampath Sowmya , Sivathanu Shobhana 
Published: June 2017

Background: Early and accurate diagnosis of bacterial infections in children is important as the outcome is dependent on it. Various tests and biomarkers have been used for this among which serum procalcitonin shows a lot of promise. The aim of the study was to determine the role of serum procalcitonin as a diagnostic marker of bacterial infection in febrile children.Methods: All acutely febrile children between 6 months to 12 years of age were enrolled in this prospective study. The efficacy of procalcitonin (PCT), highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs CRP) and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) in diagnosing bacterial infections was compared.Results: Among the three parameters, PCT has the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) (O.755), followed by CRP (AUC 0.717) and ANC (AUC 0.628).Conclusions: In summary, our study showed that PCT performs better than hs CRP and ANC in detecting bacterial infection in febrile children.