bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the seismic performances of rigid block‐like structures coupled with an oscillating mass working as a TMD
Authors: Simoneschi Giorgia , Geniola Alessandro , de Leo Andrea M. , Di Egidio Angelo 
Published: January 2017

SummaryIn this paper, the effects of a mass damper on the rocking motion of a non‐symmetric rigid block‐like structure, subject to different seismic excitation, are investigated. The damper is modelled as a single degree of freedom oscillating mass, running at the top of the block and connected to it by a linear visco‐elastic device. The equations of rocking motion, the uplift and the impact conditions are derived. A nondimensionalisation of the governing equations is performed with the aim to obtain an extensive parametric analysis. The results are achieved by numerical integration of these equations. The slenderness and the base of the rigid block, and the eccentricity of the centre of mass are taken as variable parameters in the analyses. The main objective of the study is to check the performance of the damper versus the spectral characteristics of the seismic input. Three earthquake registrations with different frequency contents are used in the analyses. The results show that the presence of the mass damper leads to different levels of improvement of the response of the system, depending on the spectral characteristics of the seismic input. Curves providing the overturning slenderness of blocks of specific sizes versus the characteristics of the TMD are obtained. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
One‐pot green synthesis of benzoxazole derivatives through molecular sieve‐catalyzed oxidative cyclization reaction
Authors: Chang Weichieh , Sun Yukai , Huang Yungtzung 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAn one‐pot approach to benzoxazole ring from 2‐aminophenol and aldehydes utilizing molecular sieve as the catalyst have been developed. The new oxidative cyclization reaction excluded the usage of hazardous chemical reagents, transition‐metal catalysts, chemical oxidants, or strong acids, and, therefore, reduced the production of toxic chemical waste. This offers an environmentally friendly pathway for the synthesis of various benzoxazole derivatives.
A high‐efficient method for the amidation of carboxylic acids promoted by triphenylphosphine oxide and oxalyl chloride
Authors: Jiang Lixue , Yu Jing , Niu Fanfan , Zhang Derundong , Sun Xiaoling 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA effective amidation reaction of carboxylic acids with various amines promoted by triphenylphosphine oxide and oxalyl chloride under mild and neutral conditions has been developed. The feature of this procedure was the using and recycling of triphenylphosphine oxide at room temperature in 0.5 h. Furthermore a plausible mechanism also be deduced with the help of 31P NMR spectroscopy.
Coastal aquifer response to extreme storm events in Emilia‐Romagna, Italy
Authors: Giambastiani Beatrice M.S. , Colombani Nicolò , Greggio Nicolas , Antonellini Marco , Mastrocicco Micòl 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWith global warming and sea level rise, many coastal systems will experience increased levels of inundation and storm flooding, especially along sandy lowland coastal areas, such as the Northern Adriatic coast (Italy). Understanding how extreme events may directly affect groundwater hydrology in shallow unconfined coastal aquifers is important to assess coastal vulnerability and quantify freshwater resources. This study investigates shallow coastal aquifer response to storm events. The transitory and permanent effects of storm waves are evaluated through the real time monitoring of groundwater and soil parameters, in order to characterize both the saturated and unsaturated portions of the coastal aquifer of Ravenna and Ferrara (southern Po Delta, Italy). Results highlight a general increase in hydraulic head and soil moisture, along with a decrease in groundwater salinity and pore water salinity due to rainfall infiltration during the 2 days storm event. The only exceptions are represented by the observation wells in proximity to the coastline (within 100 m), which recorded a temporary increase in soil and water salinity caused by the exceptional high waves, which persist on top of the dune crest during the storm event. This generates a saline plume that infiltrates through the vadose zone down to the saturated portion of the aquifer causing a temporary disappearance of the freshwater lens generally present, although limited in size, below the coastal dunes. Despite the high hydraulic conductivity, the aquifer system does not quickly recover the pre‐storm equilibrium and the storm effects are evident in groundwater and soil parameters after 10 days past the storm overwash recess.
Targeting Cancer Stem Cells with Small Molecules
Authors: Müller Sebastian , Cañeque Tatiana , Acevedo Verónica , Rodriguez Raphaël 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCancers arise as a result of physiological imbalances and subsequent uncontrolled cell division. Cancer initiation requires a set of biochemical alterations, including some occurring at the genetic and epigenetic levels. Thus, tumors are heterogeneous in nature making it challenging to selectively target different cancer cells by means of small molecule intervention. The paradigm of cancer stem cells (CSCs) describes subpopulations of cells with high self‐renewal and tumor‐seeding capacity. These cells, typically refractory to conventional therapies, can give rise to relapse after treatment. Combinatorial strategies, including drugs that selectively target this population of cells, have emerged in recent years. Here, we review how discovery‐based – unbiased – screening approaches have helped identify small molecules that specifically target CSCs. We also highlight biological pathways characteristic of CSCs that can potentially be selectively targeted in a hypothesis‐driven manner by small molecules. We describe molecules that effectively target CSCs and emphasize what is known about their biological modes of action. The diversity and complexity of biochemical processes that CSCs may be addicted to, raises the question of how selective targeting of these pathways can be achieved. This challenge may be addressed by the continuing production of structurally complex and diverse small molecules using target and diversity‐oriented synthesis approaches.
Molecular binding of toxic phenothiazinium derivatives, azures to bovine serum albumin: A comparative spectroscopic, calorimetric, and in silico study
Authors: Das Somnath , Islam Md. Maidul , Jana Gopal Chandra , Patra Anirudha , Jha Pradeep K. , Hossain Maidul 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this paper, the comparative binding behavior of antimalarial drug azure A, azure B and azure C with bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been studied. The interaction has been confirmed by multispectroscopic (UV, fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), and circular dichroism) and molecular docking techniques. The experimental results show that azure B has the highest BSA binding affinity followed by azure A and azure C. The experimental evidence of binding showed a static quenching mechanism in the interaction azures with BSA. The isothermal titration calorimetry result reveals that the binding was exothermic with positive entropy contribution in each case. The thermodynamic parameters ΔH, ΔG, and ΔS at 25°C were calculated, which indicates that the weak van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding rather than the hydrophobic effect played an important role in the interaction. According to the theory of Förster nonradiative energy transfer, the distance (r) between the donor (BSA) and acceptor azures found to be <7 nm in all the case. The circular dichroism and FT‐IR studies show that the content of α‐helix structure has increased for the azures‐BSA system. Overall, experimental studies characterize the interaction dynamics and energetics of the binding of three toxic analogs towards the physiologically relevant serum albumins. We hope, the outcome of this work will be most helpful for synthesizing a new type of phenothiazinium derivatives of the better therapeutic application.
Whether power holders construe their power as responsibility or opportunity influences their tendency to take advice from others
Authors: De Wit Frank R.C. , Scheepers Daan , Ellemers Naomi , Sassenberg Kai , Scholl Annika 
Published: January 2017

SummaryEmpirical evidence suggests that power elicits a generic tendency to disregard advice. We examined different responses power holders may show in their tendency to take advice depending on the construal of power. We report a field study and an experiment among managers and other powerful professionals (Studies 1 and 2) and an experiment in which participants were assigned to a powerful role (Study 3). Across studies, we found a higher tendency to take advice among those who construed their power as a responsibility rather than as an opportunity. This effect of the construal of power on advice taking was mediated by a heightened perceived value of advice, not by decreased confidence in own judgments or sense of power. Accordingly, the increase in advice taking when power was construed as a responsibility was observed regardless of whether the advice came from subordinates (Study 1), expert advisors (Study 2), or a less powerful teammate (Study 3). This highlights the relevance of considering how power holders construe their power in order to understand their tendency to take advice from others. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Good marriage at home, creativity at work: Family–work enrichment effect on workplace creativity
Authors: Tang Yipeng , Huang Xu , Wang Yongli 
Published: January 2017

SummaryTo advance the understanding of socio‐relational sources of employee creativity, we investigate the effect of a good marriage on workplace creativity. Drawing on family–work enrichment theory, we propose and test the idea that a satisfying marriage boosts a spillover of psychological resources from family to work that enhances employees' workplace creativity. Using survey data collected from 548 spouse–employee–supervisor triads, we find an indirect positive relationship between employees' marital satisfaction and workplace creativity through a spillover of psychological resources from family to work. We also find that this spillover is most pronounced when both employees and their spouses are satisfied with their marriage. The results further demonstrate that the indirect effect of marital satisfaction on workplace creativity through the spillover of psychological resources is significant for employees with a low creative personality, but not for those with a high creative personality. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Shrimp tropomyosin retains antibody reactivity after exposure to acidic condition
Authors: Lasekan Adeseye , Cao Hanjuan , Maleki Soheila , Nayak Balunkeswar (Balu) 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlthough shrimp can be found in certain high acid food matrices, the allergenic capacity of shrimp tropomyosin exposed to low pH condition has not been fully clarified. Thus, a model marinade comprising white vinegar adjusted to different pH was used to determine the effects of acid‐induced denaturation on the immunoreactivity of tropomyosin.RESULTSWhole shrimp experienced either swelling or shrinkage after marination depending on the vinegar pH and the final muscle pH. The extractability of soluble myofibrillar proteins was reduced significantly among shrimp marinated in vinegar at pH 1.0–3.5, and a substantial amount of tropomyosin was retained in the insoluble pellets. Consequently, the immunoglobulin E (IgE)‐binding capacity of tropomyosin was significantly lower in the soluble protein fraction of shrimp marinated at pH 1.0–3.5 compared with samples marinated at pH 4.8 and control. However, tropomyosin in the insoluble protein fraction of all marinated shrimp showed strong IgE‐binding capacity at all marinating conditions.CONCLUSIONThus, tropomyosin in shrimp exposed to low pH condition retained its allergenic capacity owing to the conservation of its linear epitopes. Analysis of the insoluble protein fraction was crucial for the accurate determination of the effect of low pH condition on the immunoreactivity of this allergen. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
How open access is crucial to the future of science
Authors: Bolick Josh , Emmett Ada , Greenberg Marc L. , Rosenblum Brian , Peterson A. Townsend 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA commentary published recently in The Journal of Wildlife Management argued that open access publication has strong negative implications for the future of science. Unfortunately, that commentary was founded in serious and deep misconceptions about the distinctions between open access, commercial, and society publications, and the rigor of peer review in open access journals. To the contrary, open access responds more appropriately than traditional closed publishing venues to the needs and participation of an increasingly global scholarly research community, and peer review by a broader community may in many cases be more rigorous, responding to the increasingly interdisciplinary nature of modern research. We respectfully suggest that The Wildlife Society consider a transition from closed access to open access for The Journal of Wildlife Management, as a means of optimizing and maximizing its role in communications in the field. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Learning‐based deformable image registration for infant MR images in the first year of life
Authors: Hu Shunbo , Wei Lifang , Gao Yaozong , Guo Yanrong , Wu Guorong , Shen Dinggang 
Published: January 2017

PurposeMany brain development studies have been devoted to investigate dynamic structural and functional changes in the first year of life. To quantitatively measure brain development in such a dynamic period, accurate image registration for different infant subjects with possible large age gap is of high demand. Although many state‐of‐the‐art image registration methods have been proposed for young and elderly brain images, very few registration methods work for infant brain images acquired in the first year of life, because of (a) large anatomical changes due to fast brain development and (b) dynamic appearance changes due to white‐matter myelination.MethodsTo address these two difficulties, we propose a learning‐based registration method to not only align the anatomical structures but also alleviate the appearance differences between two arbitrary infant MR images (with large age gap) by leveraging the regression forest to predict both the initial displacement vector and appearance changes. Specifically, in the training stage, two regression models are trained separately, with (a) one model learning the relationship between local image appearance (of one development phase) and its displacement toward the template (of another development phase) and (b) another model learning the local appearance changes between the two brain development phases. Then, in the testing stage, to register a new infant image to the template, we first predict both its voxel‐wise displacement and appearance changes by the two learned regression models. Since such initializations can alleviate significant appearance and shape differences between new infant image and the template, it is easy to just use a conventional registration method to refine the remaining registration.ResultsWe apply our proposed registration method to align 24 infant subjects at five different time points (i.e., 2‐week‐old, 3‐month‐old, 6‐month‐old, 9‐month‐old, and 12‐month‐old), and achieve more accurate and robust registration results, compared to the state‐of‐the‐art registration methods.ConclusionsThe proposed learning‐based registration method addresses the challenging task of registering infant brain images and achieves higher registration accuracy compared with other counterpart registration methods.
Experimental verification of 4D Monte Carlo simulations of dose delivery to a moving anatomy
Authors: Gholampourkashi Sara , Vujicic Miro , Belec Jason , Cygler Joanna E. , Heath Emily 
Published: January 2017

PurposeTo evaluate a novel 4D Monte Carlo simulation tool by comparing calculations to physical measurements using a respiratory motion phantom.MethodsWe used a dynamic Quasar phantom in both stationary and breathing states (sinusoidal motion of amplitude of 1.8 cm and period of 3.3 s) for dose measurements on an Elekta Agility linear accelerator. Gafchromic EBT3 film and the RADPOS 4D dosimetry system were placed inside the lung insert of the phantom to measure dose profiles and point‐dose values at the center of the spherical tumor inside the insert. Both a static 4 × 4 cm2 field and a VMAT plan were delivered. Static and 4D Monte Carlo simulations of the treatment deliveries were performed using DOSXYZnrc and a modified version of the defDOSXYZnrc user code that allows modeling of the continuous motion of both machine and patient. DICOM treatment plan files and linac delivery log files were used to generate corresponding input files. The phantom motion recorded by RADPOS during beam delivery was incorporated into the input files for the 4DdefDOSXYZnrc simulations.ResultsFor stationary phantom simulations, all point‐dose values from MC simulations at the tumor center agreed within 1% with film and within 2% with RADPOS. More than 98% of the voxels from simulated dose profiles passed a 1D gamma of 2%/2‐mm criteria against measured dose profiles. Similar results were observed when applying a 2D gamma analysis with a 2%/2‐mm criteria to compare 2D dose distributions of Monte Carlo simulations against measurements. For simulations on the moving phantom, MC‐calculated dose values at the center of the tumor were found to be within 1% of film and within 2σ of experimental uncertainties which are 2.8% of the RADPOS measurements. 1D gamma comparisons of the dose profiles were better than 91%, and 2D gamma comparisons of the 2D dose distributions were found to be better than 94%.ConclusionOur 4D Monte Carlo method using defDOSXYZnrc can be used to accurately calculate the dose distribution in continuously moving anatomy for various treatment techniques. This work, if extended to deformable anatomies, can be used to reconstruct patient delivered dose for use in adaptive radiation therapy.
Compound speckle model detects anti‐angiogenic tumor response in preclinical nonlinear contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography
Authors: Lowerison Matthew R. , Tse Justin J. , Hague M. Nicole , Chambers Ann F. , Holdsworth David W. , Lacefield James C. 
Published: January 2017

PurposeThis paper proposes a method for analyzing the first‐order speckle statistics of nonlinear contrast‐enhanced ultrasound images from tumors.MethodsContrast signal intensity is modeled as a compound distribution of exponential probability density functions with a gamma weighting function. The gamma probability weighting function serves as an approximation for log‐normally distributed flow velocities in a vascular network. The model was applied to sub‐harmonic bolus‐injection images acquired from a mouse breast cancer xenograft model treated with murine version bevacizumab.ResultsThe area under curve produced using the compound statistical model could more accurately discriminate anti‐VEGF‐treated tumors from untreated tumors than conventional contrast‐enhanced ultrasound image processing. This result was validated with gold standard histological measures of microvascular density. Fractal vessel geometry was estimated using the gamma weighting function and tested against micro‐CT perfusion casting. Treated tumors had a significantly lower vascular fractal dimension than control tumors. Vascular complexity estimated using the ultrasound compound statistical model performed similarly to micro‐CT fractal dimension for discriminating treated from control tumors.ConclusionThe proposed technique can quantify tumor perfusion and provide an index of vascular complexity, making it a potentially useful addition for clinical detection of vascular normalization in anti‐angiogenic trials.
A platform‐independent method to reduce CT truncation artifacts using discriminative dictionary representations
Authors: Chen Yang , Budde Adam , Li Ke , Li Yinsheng , Hsieh Jiang , Chen Guang‐Hong 
Published: January 2017

PurposeWhen the scan field of view (SFOV) of a CT system is not large enough to enclose the entire cross‐section of the patient, or the patient needs to be positioned partially outside the SFOV for certain clinical applications, truncation artifacts often appear in the reconstructed CT images. Many truncation artifact correction methods perform extrapolations of the truncated projection data based on certain a priori assumptions. The purpose of this work was to develop a novel CT truncation artifact reduction method that directly operates on DICOM images.Materials and methodsThe blooming of pixel values associated with truncation was modeled using exponential decay functions, and based on this model, a discriminative dictionary was constructed to represent truncation artifacts and nonartifact image information in a mutually exclusive way. The discriminative dictionary consists of a truncation artifact subdictionary and a nonartifact subdictionary. The truncation artifact subdictionary contains 1000 atoms with different decay parameters, while the nonartifact subdictionary contains 1000 independent realizations of Gaussian white noise that are exclusive with the artifact features. By sparsely representing an artifact‐contaminated CT image with this discriminative dictionary, the image was separated into a truncation artifact‐dominated image and a complementary image with reduced truncation artifacts. The artifact‐dominated image was then subtracted from the original image with an appropriate weighting coefficient to generate the final image with reduced artifacts. This proposed method was validated via physical phantom studies and retrospective human subject studies. Quantitative image evaluation metrics including the relative root‐mean‐square error (rRMSE) and the universal image quality index (UQI) were used to quantify the performance of the algorithm.ResultsFor both phantom and human subject studies, truncation artifacts at the peripheral region of the SFOV were effectively reduced, revealing soft tissue and bony structure once buried in the truncation artifacts. For the phantom study, the proposed method reduced the relative RMSE from 15% (original images) to 11%, and improved the UQI from 0.34 to 0.80.ConclusionA discriminative dictionary representation method was developed to mitigate CT truncation artifacts directly in the DICOM image domain. Both phantom and human subject studies demonstrated that the proposed method can effectively reduce truncation artifacts without access to projection data.