bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Terminologie ist die Wissenschaft der Benennung
Authors: Spur Günter 
Published: May 2017

Kurzfassung
Die Terminologie der Produktionswirtschaft ist durch technologische und ökonomische Begriffswelten geprägt. Hinzu kommt der Sprachgebrauch der Praxis. Eine Systematisierung der komplexen Begriffe wird durch Integration der Informationstechnik zunehmend notwendig. Dabei sind fortschrittsbedingte Zwänge zur Veränderung vertrauter Definitionen unvermeidbar. Verständigungsnormen zur eindeutigen und rationellen Verständigung terminologischer Sachverhalte, Zeichen oder Systeme haben eine zunehmende internationale Bedeutung erlangt.
Planung und Bewertung verteilter Prozessketten
Authors: Teich Tobias , Mehnert Jens , Dürr Holger 
Published: May 2017

Kurzfassung
Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt verteilte Prozessketten als Lösungsansatz für die Prozessplanung innerhalb hierarchieloser regionaler Produktionsnetzwerke. Ein wichtiger Bestandteil dieses Modells ist das AHP-Verfahren zur Bewertung von Kompetenzzellen. Die Kompetenzzellenbewertung wird anhand eines Beispiels veranschaulicht.
Innovationsprojekte durch Erfolgsfaktoren gestalten
Authors: Söndgerath Björn , Kuhn Mario , Reißer Martin 
Published: May 2017

Kurzfassung
Die erfolgreiche Umsetzung von Innovationsvorhaben ist eine wesentliche Voraussetzung für den dauerhaften Unternehmenserfolg. Zwar reicht ein Projekterfolg noch nicht, um sich auch am Markt zu behaupten. Er stellt jedoch die Grundlage dafür dar. Die vom Fraunhofer IFF identifizierten Erfolgsfaktoren spielen eine signifikante Rolle zur Unterstützung der Zielerreichung. Daher ist es von entscheidender Bedeutung, die Erfolgsfaktoren proaktiv zu gestalten. Empirische Untersuchungen belegen den Zusammenhang zwischen dem Projekterfolg und den Erfolgsfaktoren. Allerdings müssen diese Erfolgsfaktoren unternehmensspezifisch operationalisiert werden.
Dezentrale Projektabwicklung via Internet steuern
Authors: Rückert Edvard , Kemmner Götz-Andreas , Jürgens Martin 
Published: May 2017

Kurzfassung
Der Trend in der Automobilindustrie steht unter dem Motto „Kürzere Produktlebenszyklen und schnellere Time-to-Market“. Um diese stetig steigenden Herausforderungen bewältigen zu können, setzen die vielfach mittelständisch strukturierten Zulieferunternehmen alles daran, die Zusammenarbeit in der vertikalen Lieferantenkette zu synchronisieren. Mit konventionellen Mitteln ist dies jedoch äußerst mühselig. Das Internet eröffnet jetzt die Chance, das dezentrale Projektmanagement durch zentrale Datenhaltung zu vereinfachen. In einem gemeinsamen Projekt von sechs Automobilzuliefer-Unternehmen wird hierzu eine Internet-Kooperationsplattform namens Kopl@ entwickelt, die die Zusammenarbeit der Entwicklungsmitarbeiter der beteiligten Unternehmen zentral strukturieren soll.
Die „Produktionslandkarte“
Authors: Matt Dominik 
Published: May 2017

KurzfassungIn diesem Beitrag wird eine Methodik vorgestellt, die die produktive Neu- bzw. Umplanung von Fabrikanlagen unterstützt: die „Produktionslandkarte“. Sie bietet dem Fabrik- und Produktionsplaner Orientierung bei der Strukturierung und Steuerung komplexer Planungsprojekte und hilft gleichzeitig, Produktivitätspotenziale zu erkennen und systematisch zu erschließen. Anhand eines Beispiels wird die erfolgreiche Anwendung der Methode in der Praxis gezeigt.
Traum-Fabriken
Authors: Wortmann Dirk 
Published: May 2017

Kurzfassung
Überall in der Industrie stricken Planer und Investoren an Konzepten für die „Digitale Fabrik“, allen voran die großen Automobilbauer. Die Werkzeuge des Digital Manufacturing und hier vor allem die Simulationstechnik ermöglichen den Unternehmen heute die virtuelle Darstellung komplexer Produktions- und Logistik-Landschaften. Die Basis dafür bildet hauptsächlich das Datenmaterial aus ERP-, PDM-, EDM- und CAD-Systemen.
Microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm: can intraoperative lateral spread response monitoring improve surgical efficacy?
Authors: Wei Yongxu , Yang Wenlei , Zhao Weiguo , Pu Chunhua , Li Ning , Cai Yu , Shang Hanbing 
Published: May 2017

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to evaluate whether intraoperative monitoring of lateral spread response (LSR) improves the efficacy of microvascular decompression (MVD) for hemifacial spasm (HFS).METHODSIn this prospective study, patients undergoing MVD for HFS were assigned to one of 2 groups, Group A (MVD with intraoperative LSR monitoring) or Group B (MVD without LSR monitoring). Clinical outcome at 12 months after surgery was assessed through telephone survey. Data analysis was performed to investigate the effect of intraoperative LSR monitoring on efficacy of MVD.RESULTSA total of 283 patients were enrolled in the study, 145 in Group A and 138 in Group B. There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups with respect to the percentage of patients who had spasm relief at either 1 week (Group A 87.59% vs Group B 83.33%; p = 0.317) or 1 year (93.1% vs 94.2%; p = 0.809) after surgery. A clear-cut elimination of LSR during surgery was observed in 131 (90.34%) of 145 patients; LSR persisted in 14 patients (9.66%) at the end of the surgical procedure. Disappearance of LSR correlated with spasm-free status at 1 week postoperatively (p = 0.017) but not at 1 year postoperatively (p = 0.249).CONCLUSIONSIntraoperative LSR monitoring does not appear to provide significant benefit with respect to the outcome of MVD for HFS in skilled hands. Persistence of LSR does not always correlate with poor outcome, and LSR elimination should not be pursued in all patients after verification of complete decompression.
Risk factors for surgical site infections and assessment of vancomycin powder as a preventive measure in patients undergoing first-time cranioplasty
Authors: Abode-Iyamah Kingsley O. , Chiang Hsiu-Yin , Winslow Nolan , Park Brian , Zanaty Mario , Dlouhy Brian J. , Flouty Oliver E. , Rasmussen Zachary D. , Herwaldt Loreen A. , Greenlee Jeremy D. 
Published: May 2017

OBJECTIVECraniectomy is often performed to decrease intracranial pressure following trauma and vascular injuries. The subsequent cranioplasty procedures may be complicated by surgical site infections (SSIs) due to prior trauma, foreign implants, and multiple surgeries through a common incision. Several studies have found that intrawound vancomycin powder (VP) is associated with decreased risk of SSIs after spine operations. However, no previously published study has evaluated the effectiveness of VP in cranioplasty procedures. The purpose of this study was to determine whether intrawound VP is associated with decreased risk of SSIs, to evaluate VP’s safety, and to identify risk factors for SSIs after cranioplasty among patients undergoing first-time cranioplasty.METHODSThe authors conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients undergoing first-time cranioplasty for indications other than infections from January 1, 2008, to July 31, 2014, at an academic health center. Data on demographics, possible risk factors for SSIs, and treatment with VP were collected from the patients’ electronic health records.RESULTSDuring the study period, 258 patients underwent first-time cranioplasties, and 15 (5.8%) of these patients acquired SSIs. Ninety-two patients (35.7%) received intrawound VP (VP group) and 166 (64.3%) did not (no-VP group). Patients in the VP group and the no-VP group were similar with respect to age, sex, smoking history, body mass index, and SSI rates (VP group 6.5%, no-VP group 5.4%, p = 0.72). Patients in the VP group were less likely than those in the no-VP group to have undergone craniectomy for tumors and were more likely to have an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status score > 2. Intrawound VP was not associated with other postoperative complications. Risk factors for SSI from the bivariable analyses were diabetes (odds ratio [OR] 3.65, 95% CI 1.07–12.44), multiple craniotomy procedures before the cranioplasty (OR 4.39, 95% CI 1.47–13.18), prior same-side craniotomy (OR 4.73, 95% CI 1.57–14.24), and prosthetic implants (OR 4.51, 95% CI 1.40–14.59). The multivariable analysis identified prior same-side craniotomy (OR 3.37, 95% CI 1.06–10.79) and prosthetic implants (OR 3.93, 95% CI 1.15–13.40) as significant risk factors for SSIs. After adjusting for potential confounders, patients with SSIs were more likely than those without SSIs to be readmitted (OR 7.28, 95% CI 2.07–25.60).CONCLUSIONSIn this study, intrawound VP was not associated with a decreased risk of SSIs or with an increased risk of complications. Prior same-side craniotomy and prosthetic implants were risk factors for SSI after first-time cranioplasty.
A Supernova at 50 pc: Effects on the Earth's Atmosphere and Biota
Authors: Melott A. L , Thomas B. C. , Kachelrieß M. , Semikoz D. V. , Overholt A. C. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Recent 60Fe results have suggested that the estimated distances of supernovae in the last few million years should be reduced from ∼100 to ∼50 pc. Two events or series of events are suggested, one about 2.7 million years to 1.7 million years ago, and another about 6.5–8.7 million years ago. We ask what effects such supernovae are expected to have on the terrestrial atmosphere and biota. Assuming that the Local Bubble was formed before the event being considered, and that the supernova and the Earth were both inside a weak, disordered magnetic field at that time, TeV–PeV cosmic rays (CRs) at Earth will increase by a factor of a few hundred. Tropospheric ionization will increase proportionately, and the overall muon radiation load on terrestrial organisms will increase by a factor of ∼150. All return to pre-burst levels within 10 kyr. In the case of an ordered magnetic field, effects depend strongly on the field orientation. The upper bound in this case is with a largely coherent field aligned along the line of sight to the supernova, in which case, TeV–PeV CR flux increases are ∼104; in the case of a transverse field they are below current levels. We suggest a substantial increase in the extended effects of supernovae on Earth and in the “lethal distance” estimate; though more work is needed. This paper is an explicit follow-up to Thomas et al. We also provide more detail on the computational procedures used in both works.
Near-infrared MOSFIRE Spectra of Dusty Star-forming Galaxies at 0.2 < z < 4
Authors: Casey Caitlin M. , Cooray Asantha , Killi Meghana , Capak Peter , Chen Chian-Chou , Hung Chao-Ling , Kartaltepe Jeyhan , Sanders D. B. , Scoville N. Z. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
We present near-infrared and optical spectroscopic observations of a sample of 450 and 850 μm-selected dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) identified in a 400 arcmin2 area in the COSMOS field. Thirty-one sources of the 114 targets were spectroscopically confirmed at

, identified primarily in the near-infrared with Keck MOSFIRE and some in the optical with Keck LRIS and DEIMOS. The low rate of confirmation is attributable both to high rest-frame optical obscuration in our targets and limited sensitivity to certain redshift ranges. The median spectroscopic redshift is

, comparable to

for the larger parent DSFG sample; the median stellar mass is

M

, star formation rate is 160 ± 50 M

yr−1, and attenuation is

. The high-quality photometric redshifts available in the COSMOS field allow us to test the robustness of photometric redshifts for DSFGs. We find a subset (

%) of DSFGs with inaccurate (

) or non-existent photometric redshifts; these have very distinct spectral energy distributions from the remaining DSFGs, suggesting a decoupling of highly obscured and unobscured components. We present a composite rest-frame 4300–7300 Å spectrum for DSFGs, and find evidence of 200 ± 30 km s−1 gas outflows. Nebular line emission for a subsample of our detections indicate that hard ionizing radiation fields are ubiquitous in high-z DSFGs, even more so than typical mass or UV-selected high-z galaxies. We also confirm the extreme level of dust obscuration in DSFGs, measuring very high Balmer decrements and very high ratios of IR to UV and IR to Hα luminosities. This work demonstrates the need to broaden the use of wide bandwidth technology in the millimeter to spectroscopically confirm larger samples of high-z DSFGs, as the difficulty in confirming such sources at optical/near-infrared wavelengths is exceedingly challenging given their obscuration.
Dynamic Behavior of Spicules Inferred from Perpendicular Velocity Components
Authors: Sharma Rahul , Verth Gary , Erdélyi Robertus 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Understanding the dynamic behavior of spicules, e.g., in terms of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wave mode(s), is key to unveiling their role in energy and mass transfer from the photosphere to corona. The transverse, torsional, and field-aligned motions of spicules have previously been observed in imaging spectroscopy and analyzed separately for embedded wave-mode identification. Similarities in the Doppler signatures of spicular structures for both kink and torsional Alfvén wave modes have led to the misinterpretation of the dominant wave mode in these structures and is a subject of debate. Here, we aim to combine line- of-sight (LOS) and plane-of-sky (POS) velocity components using the high spatial/temporal resolution Hα imaging-spectroscopy data from the CRisp Imaging SpectroPolarimeter based at the Swedish Solar Telescope to achieve better insight into the underlying nature of these motions as a whole. The resultant three-dimensional velocity vectors and the other derived quantities (e.g., magnetic pressure perturbations) are used to identify the MHD wave mode(s) responsible for the observed spicule motion. We find a number of independent examples where the bulk transverse motion of the spicule is dominant either in the POS or along the LOS. It is shown that the counterstreaming action of the displaced external plasma due to spicular bulk transverse motion has a similar Doppler profile to that of the m = 0 torsional Alfvén wave when this motion is predominantly perpendicular to the LOS. Furthermore, the inferred magnetic pressure perturbations support the kink wave interpretation of observed spicular bulk transverse motion rather than any purely incompressible MHD wave mode, e.g., the m = 0 torsional Alfvén wave.
Helium Energetic Neutral Atoms from the Heliosphere: Perspectives for Future Observations
Authors: Swaczyna Paweł , Grzedzielski Stan , Bzowski Maciej 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Observations of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) allow for remote sensing of plasma properties in distant regions of the heliosphere. So far, most of the observations have concerned only hydrogen atoms. In this paper, we present perspectives for observations of helium energetic neutral atoms (He ENAs). We calculated the expected intensities of He ENAs created by the neutralization of helium ions in the inner heliosheath and through the secondary ENA mechanism in the outer heliosheath. We found that the dominant source region for He ENAs is the inner heliosheath. The obtained magnitudes of intensity spectra suggest that He ENAs can be observed with future ENA detectors, as those planned on Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe. Observing He ENAs is most likely for energies from a few to a few tens of keV/nuc. Estimates of the expected count rates show that the ratio of helium to hydrogen atoms registered in the detectors can be as low as 1:104. Consequently, the detectors need to be equipped with an appropriate mass spectrometer capability, allowing for recognition of chemical elements. Due to the long mean free paths of helium ions in the inner heliosheath, He ENAs are produced also in the distant heliospheric tail. This implies that observations of He ENAs can resolve its structure, which seems challenging from observations of hydrogen ENAs since energetic protons are neutralized before they progress deeper in the heliospheric tail.
Where Are the r-modes? Chandra Observations of Millisecond Pulsars
Authors: Mahmoodifar Simin , Strohmayer Tod 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
We present the results of Chandra observations of two non-accreting millisecond pulsars, PSRs J1640+2224 (J1640) and J1709+2313 (J1709), with low inferred magnetic fields and spin-down rates in order to constrain their surface temperatures, obtain limits on the amplitude of unstable r-modes in them, and make comparisons with similar limits obtained for a sample of accreting low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) neutron stars. We detect both pulsars in the X-ray band for the first time. They are faint, with inferred soft X-ray fluxes (0.3–3 keV) of ≈6 × 10−15 and 3 × 10−15 erg cm−2 s−1 for J1640 and J1709, respectively. Spectral analysis assuming hydrogen atmosphere emission gives global effective temperature upper limits (90% confidence) of 3.3–4.3 × 105 K for J1640 and 3.6–4.7 × 105 K for J1709, where the low end of the range corresponds to canonical neutron stars (M = 1.4 M
⊙), and the upper end corresponds to higher-mass stars (M = 2.21 M
⊙). Under the assumption that r-mode heating provides the thermal support, we obtain dimensionless r-mode amplitude upper limits of 3.2–4.8 × 10−8 and 1.8–2.8 × 10−7 for J1640 and J1709, respectively, where again the low end of the range corresponds to lower-mass, canonical neutron stars (M = 1.4 M
⊙). These limits are about an order of magnitude lower than those we derived previously for a sample of LMXBs, except for the accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar SAX J1808.4–3658, which has a comparable amplitude limit to J1640 and J1709.
Radii and Mass-loss Rates of Type IIb Supernova Progenitors
Authors: Ouchi Ryoma , Maeda Keiichi 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Several Type IIb supernovae (SNe IIb) have been extensively studied, both in terms of the progenitor radius and the mass-loss rate in the final centuries before the explosion. While the sample is still limited, evidence has been accumulating that the final mass-loss rate tends to be larger for a more extended progenitor, with the difference exceeding an order of magnitude between the more and less extended progenitors. The high mass-loss rates inferred for the more extended progenitors are not readily explained by a prescription commonly used for a single stellar wind. In this paper, we calculate a grid of binary evolution models. We show that the observational relation in the progenitor radii and mass-loss rates may be a consequence of non-conservative mass transfer in the final phase of progenitor evolution without fine tuning. Further, we find a possible link between SNe IIb and SNe IIn. The binary scenario for SNe IIb inevitably leads to a population of SN progenitors surrounded by dense circumstellar matter (CSM) due to extensive mass loss (

) in the binary origin. About 4% of all observed SNe IIn are predicted to have dense CSM, produced by binary non-conservative mass transfer, whose observed characteristics are distinguishable from SNe IIn from other scenarios. Indeed, such SNe may be observationally dominated by systems experiencing huge mass loss in the final 103 yr, leading to luminous SNe IIn or initially bright SNe IIP or IIL with characteristics of SNe IIn in their early spectra.
QSL Squasher: A Fast Quasi-separatrix Layer Map Calculator
Authors: Tassev Svetlin , Savcheva Antonia 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Quasi-Separatrix Layers (QSLs) are a useful proxy for the locations where current sheets can develop in the solar corona, and give valuable information about the connectivity in complicated magnetic field configurations. However, calculating QSL maps, even for two-dimensional slices through three-dimensional models of coronal magnetic fields, is a non-trivial task, as it usually involves tracing out millions of magnetic field lines with immense precision. Thus, extending QSL calculations to three dimensions has rarely been done until now. In order to address this challenge, we present QSL
Squasher—a public, open-source code, which is optimized for calculating QSL maps in both two and three dimensions on graphics processing units. The code achieves large processing speeds for three reasons, each of which results in an order-of-magnitude speed-up. (1) The code is parallelized using OpenCL. (2) The precision requirements for the QSL calculation are drastically reduced by using perturbation theory. (3) A new boundary detection criterion between quasi-connectivity domains is used, which quickly identifies possible QSL locations that need to be finely sampled by the code. That boundary detection criterion relies on finding the locations of abrupt field-line length changes, which we do by introducing a new Field-line Length Edge (FLEDGE) map. We find FLEDGE maps useful on their own as a quick-and-dirty substitute for QSL maps. QSL
Squasher allows construction of high-resolution 3D FLEDGE maps in a matter of minutes, which is two orders of magnitude faster than calculating the corresponding 3D QSL maps. We include a sample of calculations done using QSL
Squasher to demonstrate its capabilities as a QSL calculator, as well as to compare QSL and FLEDGE maps.
Real-time Recovery Efficiencies and Performance of the Palomar Transient Factory’s Transient Discovery Pipeline
Authors: Frohmaier C. , Sullivan M. , Nugent P. E. , Goldstein D. A. , DeRose J. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
We present the transient source detection efficiencies of the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF), parameterizing the number of transients that PTF found versus the number of similar transients that occurred over the same period in the survey search area but were missed. PTF was an optical sky survey carried out with the Palomar 48 inch telescope over 2009–2012, observing more than 8000 square degrees of sky with cadences of between one and five days, locating around 50,000 non-moving transient sources, and spectroscopically confirming around 1900 supernovae. We assess the effectiveness with which PTF detected transient sources, by inserting

million artificial point sources into real PTF data. We then study the efficiency with which the PTF real-time pipeline recovered these sources as a function of the source magnitude, host galaxy surface brightness, and various observing conditions (using proxies for seeing, sky brightness, and transparency). The product of this study is a multi-dimensional recovery efficiency grid appropriate for the range of observing conditions that PTF experienced and that can then be used for studies of the rates, environments, and luminosity functions of different transient types using detailed Monte Carlo simulations. We illustrate the technique using the observationally well-understood class of type Ia supernovae.