bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revision Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Using an Augmented Glenoid Baseplate: A Review of Current Glenoid Baseplate Options and a Case Report
Authors: Giro Margaret E , Choi Joseph Y 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Total and hemi-shoulder arthroplasty have proved to be a safe and effective option for patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis. In some cases, glenoid implant failures or erosion can lead to acquired glenoid bone loss, complicating potential revision surgery. This paper presents a review of glenoid implant options for total shoulder arthroplasty and a case study which discusses a new augmented reverse baseplate for the revision of a failed hemi-shoulder arthroplasty. The patient was fully informed and gave written consent to submit the details of this case for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Case Description: An 80-year-old retired professor with a prior history of right shoulder hemiarthroplasty presented with worsening right shoulder pain. She failed conservative care and wanted a conversion to a reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. The erosion on the patient's glenoid was severe enough for the surgeon to elect for the use of a metal augmented baseplate to fill the acquired defect and correct version and inclination. After an uneventful postoperative and recovery progression, at her one-year follow-up visit, she was pain-free and active, with significant improvements in her visual analogue scale (VAS) score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and active range of motion (ROM). Discussion: The advent of metal augmentation with advanced glenoid preparation instruments allows shoulder specialists the ability to address implant-associated acquired glenoid bone loss and soft tissue deficiencies with ease and confidence and reduce additional clinical challenges.
FISCAL POLICY OF POST-WAR ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRITORIAL ECONOMY
Authors: Bondaruk Taisiia 
Published: October 2024

Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine entailed devastating consequences for the economy of local communities. However, thanks to the fiscal policy measures taken in connection with the introduction of martial law in Ukraine, local budgets not only did not lose tax revenues, but also increased them.
It is proved that local governments cannot directly influence the formation of discretionary fiscal policy, since only public authorities can carry out discretionary fiscal policy by targeting changes in the amount of taxes and public expenditures through amendments to legislation. For post-war economic recovery, it will be effective to implement a stimulating fiscal policy, that is, a policy aimed at increasing government spending and cutting taxes to expand aggregate demand in the economy.
It is substantiated that local governments during the post-war economic recovery, using fiscal policy, have the opportunity to indirectly influence the growth of total revenues of local budgets, thus influencing the development of the economy of the territories.
Sources of additional funds to finance the needs of local communities during the post-war economic recovery can be achieved by: creating new jobs, which will lead to an increase in local budget revenues; increasing the investment attractiveness of the territories, which will also increase tax revenues; effective control over the use of budget expenditures and the use of natural resources.
The effective use of these tools can significantly improve the fiscal policy to fill the budgets of local communities during the post-war economic recovery.
Under the conditions of martial law and post-war economic recovery, fiscal policy requires diversification of the economy of local communities by optimizing the use of available and search for unused local resources, transferring emphasis to the use of the potential of local markets
THE APPLICATION OF SPIRITUAL COUNSELING TO OVERCOME GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER (GAD): A CASE STUDY ON CLIENT “I” FROM GOMBAK, SELANGOR, MALAYSIA
Authors: Muhammad Fikri Hasya 
Published: October 2024

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a mental disorder involving excessive and uncontrollable fear, anxiety, and worry. Referring to this research, the focus of the study is related to the description of client “I”’s GAD, such as factors, symptoms, and level of GAD anxiety disorders. This research also explains how the spiritual counseling approach can overcome client “I” ‘s GAD problem based on Surah Al-Ma'arij from verses 19 to 32. Client “I” is the main source for this research. Therefore, this research was carried out in three meetings from 03 September 2023 to 10 January 2024 according to the type of research using field research with qualitative methods. The data from this research were obtained from interviews and observations and used data analysis for case studies that had been developed by Robert K. Yin, namely pattern matching, explanation, and time series analysis. The results of the study showed that there was a significant impact on the symptoms of anxiety disorder in a client “I”. Apart from that, the GAD level of client “I” also showed a positive change from a score of 14 to a score of 11 using the GAD-7 Rating Scale. In conclusion, a systematic spiritual counseling approach guided by the verses of the Qur'an has been proven to bring positive changes and overcome Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD).
Mapping Wide, Sparsely Populated Tables – The Case of Retail Market Shares Estimated by the Huff Model
Authors: Rinner Claus , Johnson Luke 
Published: October 2024

<p>The Huff Model, a widely-used gravity model in retail location analysis, predicts customer behavior based on proximity, store attractiveness, and competition. In this paper, we address the cartographic challenge of mapping wide, sparsely populated tables resulting from Huff model estimations. Using a case study of Toronto's grocery market, we visualized the market shares of 63 major stores across 572 Census tracts, condensing results into a dominant store and probability per tract. Our solution employs a value-by-alpha technique in QGIS, enabling simultaneous representation of categorical and probabilistic data. This approach enhances legibility while maintaining key information, allowing for clearer insights into retail catchment areas. </p>
Evaluation of Nicorandil in Treatment of induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in male Rats
Authors: Taha Hashim Ahmed  , Israa Burhan Raoof  , Bahir Abdul-Razzaq Mshemish  
Published: October 2024

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic, rare, and non-treatable disease, resulting in elevated mean arterial pressure (≥25mmHg) during rest and (≥30mmHg) during exercise.

Pulmonary arteries remodeling including endothelial apoptosis, smooth muscle hyperplasia, and endothelial dysfunction are distinct features of PAH. This study aims to evaluate effect of nicorandil as an alternative treatment for PAH in comparison to tadalafil by evaluating its anti-inflammatory effect and histopathological changes. A total of 60 male wistar rats were divided to 6 groups, a control healthy group, and another 5 groups injected with monocrotaline to induce PAH. The induction group was left untreated while the other 4 groups were treated with either nicorandil or tadalafil, with or without treatment blockers (N-Nitroarginine methyl ester and glimepiride), after 21 days they were sacrificed for histopathology and measurement of inflammatory markers. Nicorandil reduced the levels of osteopontin, and cardiac marker brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) significantly (P≤0.05) , also it showed an improved histopathological picture of PAH by reducing smooth muscle proliferation, necrosis, and inflammation in pulmonary arteries. In conclusion, nicorandil in this study showed promising results in reducing inflammation and improving endothelial function.
Mediciones de Temperatura en Láminas de Vidrio utilizando Tomografía Óptica Coherente Sensible a la Fase.
Authors: FOLGUEIRAS Jose , TORGA Jorge , MOREL Eneas 
Published: October 2024

En este trabajo se propone la medición de temperatura en una lámina de vidrio en forma indirecta a través de la medición de la diferencia de camino óptico (OPD) entre las dos caras de las láminas. Los valores de OPD se obtienen mediante la técnica de tomografía óptica coherente sensible a la fase (PhS-OCT). Se presenta el sistema experimental con una fuente de luz de gran ancho espectral de 180 nm, el sistema de detección y procesamiento de la señal de interferencia generado entre las reflexiones de ambas caras de la lámina. La fase de la transformada de Fourier de la señal de interferencia obtenida es utilizada para obtener la OPD. Se presentan resultados de OPD obtenidos a partir de barridos a lo largo de una lámina de vidrio a temperatura ambiente, con el objetivo de analizar la repetitividad de las mediciones y evaluar la factibilidad de establecer una línea de referencia de temperatura para mediciones en distintos puntos de la lámina. Se muestra también los primeros resultados en la calibración de la temperatura en función de OPD que dan una variación de OPD entre 16 y 17nm por grado centígrado. Los resultados experimentales se contrastan con los resultados obtenidos a partir de simulaciones computacionales realizadas con el método de Volúmenes Finitos.
Influencia del Agregado de CeO2 en las Propiedades Térmicas de Vidrios del Sistema Li2O-ZnO-SiO2
Authors: SIERRA Marisa Adriana , GILABERT Ulises E. 
Published: October 2024

Los vitrocerámicos del sistema Li2O-ZnO-SiO2 (LZS) tienen un rango amplio de coeficiente de expansión térmica (CET) (α = 50-200 x10 - 7 K-1), además presentan buena resistencia química y mecánica. Estas características los hacen adecuados para ser utilizados como sello sobre paneles y filtros metálicos destinados a trabajar en condiciones de elevada temperatura, erosión y corrosión, como podrían ser las que se presentan en las celdas de combustible sólido -"Solide Oxide Fuel Cell-SOFC"-. Se obtuvieron vidrios del sistema Li2O-ZnO-SiO2 con el agregado de diferentes cantidades de CeO2 con el fin de de estudiar los efectos de su agregado en las propiedades térmicas de estos vidrios. Para ello se efectuaron ensayos de DSC y HSM para determinar parámetros térmicos que resultan imprescindibles para diseñar las etapas de nucleación y cristalización que conducen a la obtención de vitrocerámicos. Además con los datos relevados se evaluó un parámetro definido como Sc = Tx - Tms que resulta un indicador de la capacidad del vidrio para ser sinterizado, siendo Tx la temperatura del comienzo del proceso de cristalización y Tms, la temperatura de máxima contracción.
Identificación de Bandas Espectrales claves en Imágenes Hiperespectrales para la Detección de Aflatoxinas en Maní.
Authors: VRANIC Maria Laura , DELRIEUX Claudio , VOROBIOFF Juan 
Published: October 2024

Las aflatoxinas son micotoxinas producidas por ciertos hongos en alimentos y productos agrícolas, como el maní, especialmente en condiciones cálidas y húmedas. De las 20 aflatoxinas que han sido identificadas, las más relevantes y tóxicas son B1, B2, G1 y G2, siendo la B1 la más peligrosa y asociada a aflatoxicosis en humanos y animales. El cambio climático afecta la producción de estas toxinas al alterar las condiciones ambientales que favorecen el crecimiento de los hongos productores. Las aflatoxinas tienen fluorescencia ultravioleta y distribución superficial, lo que facilita su detección mediante el análisis de imágenes hiperespectrales (HSI). Esta técnica no invasiva permite una evaluación exhaustiva de la calidad de los productos al capturar datos espectrales a lo largo de muchas bandas estrechas, creando hipercubos con información detallada sobre la composición química y características físicas. A pesar de sus ventajas, las HSI enfrentan desafíos como el alto costo, la complejidad de los datos y limitaciones en resolución y velocidad de captura.
Este estudio se centra en identificar las longitudes de onda más relevantes para detectar aflatoxinas en imágenes hiperespectrales de maní. Sobre 15 maníes, 5 sin contaminar, 5 contaminadas superficialmente con 2µl de solución de standard de aflatoxina B1 0,001 µg/µl en metanol y 5 contaminados con 4 µl de un Mix de aflatoxinas en acetonitrilo. Se tomaron imágenes hiperespectrales a 194 longitudes de onda en el rango de 500 a 700 nm. Las muestras fueron preprocesadas y clasificadas con la Máquina de Soporte Vectorial (SVM), la precisión global del modelo fue del 97.98%. Para la clasificación de aflatoxina B1 se seleccionaron las longitudes arriba de 640.14 nm. El valor de la precisión global se estabiliza a partir de 104 variables (precisión global = 0,9776). La reducción de longitudes de onda no solo simplifica el proceso de medición, sino que también facilita la integración de la tecnología en líneas de producción existentes.
The role of adjuvants in regional anesthesia: the postoperative analgesic effectiveness of dexamethasone vs. tramadol given as adjuvants to bupivacaine for ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block for upper extremity surgery—a prospective cohort study
Authors: Tadesse Haregewoin , Sintayhu Ashagrie , Dendir Getahun , Tila Mebratu , Habtu Elias , Alemu Afewerk , Alemayehu Mihiretu 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundBrachial plexus block is used as a surgical anesthesia and analgesia for postoperative pain. Recently, the use of local anesthetics for regional nerve block has been enhanced by mixing them with a different class of drugs as adjuvants. These adjuvants of local anesthetics improved the quality and duration of nerve block and reduced the dose-dependent side effects of local anesthetics. However, the effectiveness of these adjuvants varies depending on the nature of the nerve block and the type of local anesthetics used. Therefore, we aimed to compare the postoperative analgesic effectiveness of dexamethasone vs. tramadol when used as adjuvants to bupivacaine for ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block in upper extremity surgery.MethodsUtilizing a prospective cohort study design, 126 consecutive patients who were undergoing upper extremity surgery with ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block were included. Patients were divided into three groups based on the preference of the responsible anesthetist to use adjuvants with bupivacaine for the block. The dexamethasone group (n = 42) were given 30 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine with 8 mg dexamethasone, the tramadol group (n = 42) were given 30 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine with 100 mg tramadol, and the non-adjuvant group (n = 42) were given 30 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine alone. The primary outcomes evaluated were postoperative pain severity using the numerical pain rating scale (NRS), the duration of analgesia, and the total postoperative analgesic consumption. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of postoperative complications.ResultA total of 126 patients were recruited and analyzed. There was no statistical difference in the demographic data among the groups. The postoperative NRS score was significantly reduced in the dexamethasone and tramadol group compared with the non-adjuvant group (p &lt; 0.001). The NRS score in the dexamethasone group at 18 and 24 h was statistically much lower than in the tramadol and non-adjuvant group. The postoperative duration of analgesia was significantly prolonged in the dexamethasone (1,069 ± 316.99 min) group compared with the tramadol (617.02 ± 214.05 min) and non-adjuvant (434.17 ± 111.23 min) groups (p &lt; 0.001). Patients in the non-adjuvant group had a significantly higher total analgesic consumption over 24 h. The dexamethasone group experienced significantly fewer incidences of nausea, with no differences in other complications among the groups.ConclusionThe addition of dexamethasone as an adjuvant to bupivacaine for ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block improves postoperative analgesia. We recommend the integration of dexamethasone as an adjuvant to local anesthetics during nerve blocks to enhance postoperative pain management after surgery.
Evaluation of the immune response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells cultured on Ti6Al4V-ELI polished or etched surfaces
Authors: Abreu Hugo , Lallukka Mari , Raineri Davide , Leigheb Massimiliano , Ronga Mario , Cappellano Giuseppe , Spriano Silvia , Chiocchetti Annalisa 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionWhile titanium and its alloys exhibit excellent biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, their polished surfaces can hinder fast and effective osseointegration and other biological processes, such as angiogenesis, due to their inert and hydrophobic properties. Despite being commonly used for orthopedic implants, research focuses on developing surface treatments to improve osseointegration, promoting cell adhesion and proliferation, as well as increasing protein adsorption capacity. This study explores a chemical treatment intended for titanium-based implants that enhances tissue integration without compromising the mechanical properties of the Ti6Al4V substrate. However, recognizing that inflammation contributes to nearly half of early implant failures, we assessed the impact of this treatment on T-cell viability, cytokine production, and phenotype.MethodsTi6Al4V with extra low interstitial (ELI) content discs were treated with hydrofluoric acid followed by a controlled oxidation step in hydrogen peroxide that creates a complex surface topography with micro- and nano-texture and modifies the chemistry of the surface oxide layer. The acid etched surface contains an abundance of hydroxyl groups, crucial for promoting bone growth and apatite precipitation, while also enabling further functionalization with biomolecules.ResultsWhile cell viability remained high in both groups, untreated discs triggered an increase in Th2 cells and a decrease of the Th17 subset. Furthermore, peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to untreated discs displayed a rise in various pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines compared to the control and treated groups. Conversely, the treated discs showed a similar profile to the control, both in terms of immune cell subset frequencies and cytokine secretion.DiscussionThe dysregulation of the cytokine profile upon contact with untreated Ti6Al4V-ELI discs, namely upregulation of IL-2 could be responsible for the decrease in Th17 frequency, and thus might contribute to implant-associated bacterial infection. Interestingly, the chemical treatment restores the immune response to levels comparable to the control condition, suggesting the treatment’s potential to mitigate inflammation by enhancing biocompatibility.
Association between air pollutants, thyroid disorders, and thyroid hormone levels: a scoping review of epidemiological evidence
Authors: Yang Kaijie , Zhang Guofeng , Li Yongze 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundOver the past two decades, the incidence of thyroid disorders has been steadily increasing. There is evidence to suggest that air pollution may be one of the etiological factors of thyroid diseases. This comprehensive review aimed to examine the evidence related to air pollutants and thyroid disorders and thyroid hormones levels from an epidemiological perspective.MethodsThe scoping review adopted a systematic approach to search for, identify, and include peer-reviewed articles published in English. We performed a comprehensive search of three databases-PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science to identify relevant literature on the relationship between air pollution [particulate matter, nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO2)] exposure and thyroid disorders, including hypothyroidism, congenital hypothyroidism (CH), thyroid nodules, thyroid cancer, autoimmune thyroid diseases, as well as thyroid hormone levels, such as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4). Articles published until August 1, 2023, were included.ResultsA total of 3,373 studies were retrieved, and among them, 25 studies covering eight different air pollutants were relevant. The most frequently studied air pollutants in this review included fine particulate matter (with fine particulate matter (PM2.5), n=21; inhalable particles (PM10), n=10; PM10-2.5, n=1) and nitrogen oxides (with NO2, n=13; NOx, n=3). The thyroid disorders and thyroid hormone levels most commonly associated with evidence of air pollution exposure were hypothyroidism (n=7) and TSH (n=12).ConclusionsDespite variations in study designs and exposure assessments, the findings consistently highlight the substantial health risks that air pollution, particularly PM2.5, poses to thyroid health, especially among vulnerable populations. Given that our study was limited to epidemiological investigations and the increasing prevalence of toxic substances in the environment, there is an urgent need for further research to elucidate the mechanisms by which these pollutants disrupt thyroid function and contribute to the development of thyroid diseases.
Long term outcomes of pituitary adenomas in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1: a nationwide study
Authors: Valdés Nuria , Romero Ana , Diego Estrella , Calatayud María , Lamas Cristina , Araujo-Castro Marta , Álvarez-Escolá Cristina , Díaz José A. , Alcázar Victoria , Sastre Julia , Martínez Rosa , Oriola Josep , Paja Miguel , Sánchez-Sobrino Paula , Salinas Isabel , Recio-Córdova José María , Navarro Elena , Chiara María Dolores , Castaño Luis , Casterás Anna 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionHistorically, Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)-related pituitary adenomas (PAs) were considered more aggressive and treatment-resistant than sporadic PAs. However, recent studies suggest similarities in their behavior. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of MEN1 PAs and identify predictive factors.MethodsNationwide multicenter retrospective cohort study of MEN1-related PAs with a minimum 1-year follow-up, collecting patient demographics, germline MEN1 pathogenic variants (PV), PA size, secretory profile, radiological characteristics, treatments, and outcomes.ResultsWe analyzed 84 PAs, 69%in females and 31% in males (P&lt;0.001), diagnosed at a mean age of 35.2±14.9 years, mostly through screening (60.7%). Median follow-up was 9 years (IQR:4-16). Prolactin-secreting PAs (PRLomas) (53.5%) and microadenomas (65.5%) were most common. Dopamine agonist treatment was first line for 16 macroPRLomas and 25 microPRLomas, 60.9% of them achieved PRL normalization. There was no significant association observed with tumor size, sex, treatment duration or MEN1 PV. The risk of progression from micro-PA to invasive macro-PA was 7.2% (4/55), after 8 years (IQR:4-13), all of them were microPRLomas. Kaplan-Meier estimation curve showed significantly higher progression probability in microPRLomas than in other microadenomas subtypes (P=0.017) or microNFPAs (P=0.032). No differences were found between sex, age, or germline MEN1 PV.ConclusionMEN1-related micro-PAs have a low risk of progressing to invasive macro-PAs, regardless of sex, age at diagnosis, or MEN1 germline PV. The risk is higher for microPRLomas over the long term. Therefore, long-term surveillance with reduced frequency, rather than intensive short-term monitoring, may be appropriate for patients with MEN1-related PAs.