bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptual Rules for Building Enhancements in 3D Virtual Worlds
Authors: Tutzauer Patrick , Becker Susanne , Haala Norbert 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
While the generation of geometric 3D virtual models has become feasible to a great extent, the enrichment of the resulting urban building models with semantics remains an open research question in the field of geoinformation and geovisualisation. This additional information is not only valuable for applications like Building Information Modeling (BIM) but also offers possibilities to enhance the visual insight for humans when interacting with that kind of data. Depending on the application, presenting users the highest level of detail of building models is often neither the most informative nor feasible way. For example when using mobile apps, resources and display sizes are quite limited. A concrete use case is the imparting of building use types in urban scenes to users. Within our preliminary work, user studies helped to identify important features for the human ability to associate a building with its correct usage type. In this work we now embed this knowledge into building category-specific grammars to automatically modify the geometry of a building to align its visual appearance to its underlying use type. If the building category for a model is not known beforehand, we investigate its feature space and try to derive its use type from there. Within the context of this work, we developed a Virtual Reality (VR) framework that gives the user the possibility to switch between different building representation types while moving in the VR world, thus enabling us in the future to evaluate the potential and effect of the grammar-enhanced building model in an immersive environment.
Common Challenges in Ethical Practice when Testing Technology with Human Participants: Analyzing the Experiences of a Local Ethics Committee
Authors: Brandenburg Stefan , Minge Michael , Cymek Dietlind Helene 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Ethical aspects are of key importance in research and the development of technical systems. They play a major role when the societal impact of innovative products and new technologies is considered. However, ethics are already essential during technology development, especially when testing these technologies with human participants. The latter is becoming increasingly important when applying for project funding and for publishing peer reviewed journal papers. Responding to these needs, a local ethics committee at the Department of Psychology and Ergonomics at Technische Universität Berlin was founded in 2009. In this paper, we present an analysis of common pitfalls and blind spots that were detected by reviewers of this ethics committee. We studied the reviews of 98 applications for ethical approval. Results show that researchers (a) often lack concrete knowledge about potential ethical issues of their research and (b) that they might benefit from convenient tools to address relevant ethical challenges at early stages of product design. Based on the results of our analysis, we propose a set of six simple rules that can help to detect and to overcome most of the frequently appearing ethical issues.
Was bringen kommunale Gebietsreformen?
Authors: Blesse Sebastian , Rösel Felix 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Seit Jahrzehnten werden kommunale Gebietskörperschaften fusioniert, in der Hoffnung auf Kosteneinsparungen und eine höhere Leistungsfähigkeit der Verwaltung. In diesem Beitrag geben Sebastian Blesse und Felix Rösel einen Überblick über die bestehende kausale Evidenz zu den Effekten von Gebietsreformen auf öffentliche Ausgaben, Effizienz und Qualität der Verwaltung sowie zu den möglichen politischen Folgen der Zusammenschlüsse. Sie zeigen, dass Evaluationsstudien selten Effizienzrenditen von Gebietsreformen nachweisen. Allerdings ergeben sich unbeabsichtigte Nebenwirkungen auf die politische Partizipation: Die Bürger sind weniger zufrieden mit der Demokratie und gehen seltener zur Wahl, und die Ungleichheit zwischen den Ortsteilen nimmt zu. Vor diesem Hintergrund erörtern die Autoren alternative Instrumente wie interkommunale Zusammenarbeit, Funktionalreformen und Maßnahmen der Verwaltungsmodernisierung.
Simulation of seismic processes in geological exploration of Arctic shelf
Authors: Stognii Polina V. , Petrov Dmitriy I. , Khokhlov Nikolai I. , Petrov Igor B. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe paper presents the results of application of a grid-characteristic method to simulation of wave processes in media with linearly-elastic and acoustic layers on the example of seismic exploration of the Arctic shelf. The grid-characteristic method correctly describes the contact and boundary conditions. The results of numerical simulation are presented, the method is shown to be applicable to solution of seismic exploration problem on the Arctic shelf.
A Test Protocol for Evaluating Absorption of Joints in Concrete Pavements
Authors: Tiznobaik M. , Bassuoni M. T. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPremature deterioration at joint spresents a critical durability issue of concrete pavements associated with considerable repair costs. Durability of concrete exposed to aggressive environments depends mainly on the penetrability of its pore structure. Because absorption has been used as an important indicator for quantifying the durability of concrete, the aim of this study was to develop a customized test protocol for determining the absorption capacity of joints in concrete pavements. The study involved three phases with thorough statistical analyses of results. In Phase I, different absorption procedures were applied to laboratory specimens prepared with water-to-binder ratios (w/b) of 0.3, 0.5, and 0.6, representing variable qualities of concrete. The most efficient procedure was identified from Phase I and further verified in Phase II on concrete specimens prepared with a close range of w/b (0.35 and 0.40). In Phase III, the performance of the absorption protocol selected from the previous phases was assessed on cores extracted from recently constructed pavement sections in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. To further complement and verify the trends obtained from the absorption protocol, mercury intrusion porosimetry tests were conducted on the field cores to capture the characteristics of the pore structure. The results indicated that the proposed absorption protocol was efficient, robust, and reliable in reflecting the physical features of the microstructure of field pavement sections, including joint locations.
MT3-MMP Promotes Excitatory Synapse Formation by Promoting Nogo-66 Receptor Ectodomain Shedding
Authors: Sanz Ricardo L. , Ferraro Gino B. , Kacervosky Johannes , Salesse Charleen , Gowing Elizabeth , Hua Luyang , Rambaldi Isabel , Beaubien Francois , Holmbeck Kenn , Cloutier J.F. , Lévesque Martin , Murai Keith , Fournier Alyson E. 
Published: December 2017

Cell-surface molecules are dynamically regulated at the synapse to assemble and disassemble adhesive contacts that are important for synaptogenesis and for tuning synaptic transmission. Metalloproteinases dynamically regulate cellular behaviors through the processing of cell surface molecules. In the present study, we evaluated the role of membrane-type metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) in excitatory synaptogenesis. We find that MT3-MMP and MT5-MMP are broadly expressed in the mouse cerebral cortex and that MT3-MMP loss-of-function interferes with excitatory synapse development in dissociated cortical neurons and invivo. We identify Nogo-66 receptor (NgR1) as an MT3-MMP substrate that is required for MT3-MMP-dependent synapse formation. Introduction of the shed ectodomain of NgR1 is sufficient to accelerate excitatory synapse formation in dissociated cortical neurons and invivo. Together, our findings support a role for MT3-MMP-dependent shedding of NgR1 in regulating excitatory synapse development.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn this study, we identify MT3-MMP, a membrane-bound zinc protease, to be necessary for the development of excitatory synapses in cortical neurons. We identify Nogo-66 receptors (NgR1) as a downstream target of MT3-MMP proteolytic activity. Furthermore, processing of surface NgR1 by MT3-MMP generates a soluble ectodomain fragment that accelerates the formation of excitatory synapses. We propose that MT3-MMP activity and NgR1 shedding could stimulate circuitry remodeling in the adult brain and enhance functional connectivity after brain injury.
Object Representations in Human Visual Cortex Formed Through Temporal Integration of Dynamic Partial Shape Views
Authors: Orlov Tanya , Zohary Ehud 
Published: December 2017

We typically recognize visual objects using the spatial layout of their parts, which are present simultaneously on the retina. Therefore, shape extraction is based on integration of the relevant retinal information over space. The lateral occipital complex (LOC) can represent shape faithfully in such conditions. However, integration over time is sometimes required to determine object shape. To study shape extraction through temporal integration of successive partial shape views, we presented human participants (both men and women) with artificial shapes that moved behind a narrow vertical or horizontal slit. Only a tiny fraction of the shape was visible at any instant at the same retinal location. However, observers perceived a coherent whole shape instead of a jumbled pattern. Using fMRI and multivoxel pattern analysis, we searched for brain regions that encode temporally integrated shape identity. We further required that the representation of shape should be invariant to changes in the slit orientation. We show that slit-invariant shape information is most accurate in the LOC. Importantly, the slit-invariant shape representations matched the conventional whole-shape representations assessed during full-image runs. Moreover, when the same slit-dependent shape slivers were shuffled, thereby preventing their spatiotemporal integration, slit-invariant shape information was reduced dramatically. The slit-invariant representation of the various shapes also mirrored the structure of shape perceptual space as assessed by perceptual similarity judgment tests. Therefore, the LOC is likely to mediate temporal integration of slit-dependent shape views, generating a slit-invariant whole-shape percept. These findings provide strong evidence for a global encoding of shape in the LOC regardless of integration processes required to generate the shape percept.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTVisual objects are recognized through spatial integration of features available simultaneously on the retina. The lateral occipital complex (LOC) represents shape faithfully in such conditions even if the object is partially occluded. However, shape must sometimes be reconstructed over both space and time. Such is the case in anorthoscopic perception, when an object is moving behind a narrow slit. In this scenario, spatial information is limited at any moment so the whole-shape percept can only be inferred by integration of successive shape views over time. We find that LOC carries shape-specific information recovered using such temporal integration processes. The shape representation is invariant to slit orientation and is similar to that evoked by a fully viewed image. Existing models of object recognition lack such capabilities.
Outcomes of a Clinical Pathway to Standardize Use of Maintenance Intravenous Fluids
Authors: Rooholamini Sahar N. , Clifton Holly , Haaland Wren , McGrath Caitlin , Vora Surabhi B. , Crowell Claudia S. , Romero Holly , Foti Jeffrey 
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVES:Improper use of maintenance intravenous fluids (IVFs) may cause serious hospital-acquired harm. We created an evidence-based clinical pathway to guide providers on the indications for IVF, its preferred composition, and appropriate clinical monitoring.METHODS:Pathway implementation was supported by the creation of an electronic order set (PowerPlan) and hospital-wide education. Outcomes were measured among pathway-eligible patients for the years before (July 1, 2014–June 30, 2015) and after (July 1, 2015–June 30, 2016) implementation. An interrupted time series analysis was used to evaluate monthly trends related to IVF use, including the following: median duration, proportions of isotonic and hypotonic IVF, adherence to monitoring recommendations, incidence of associated severe dysnatremia, potassium-containing IVF use in the emergency department, and costs.RESULTS:There were 11 602 pathway-eligible encounters (10 287 patients) across the study. Median IVF infusion hours did not change. Isotonic maintenance IVF use increased significantly from 9.3% to 50.6%, whereas the use of any hypotonic fluid decreased from 94.2% to 56.6%. There were significant increases in daily weight measurement and recommended serum sodium testing. Cases of dysnatremia increased from 2 to 4 among pathway-eligible patients and were mostly associated with hypotonic IVF use. Patients in the emergency department had a significant increase in the number of potassium-containing IVF bags (52.9% to 75.3%). Total hospitalization and laboratory test costs did not change significantly.CONCLUSIONS:This is the first report of outcomes of a clinical pathway to standardize IVF use. Implementation was feasible in both medical and surgical units, with sustained improvements for 1 year. Future improvement work includes increasing PowerPlan use and developing clinical assessment tools.
Factors Associated With Documentation of Obesity in the Inpatient Setting
Authors: Katzow Michelle , Homel Peter , Rhee Kyung 
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVES:Childhood obesity is rarely identified in hospitalized pediatric patients despite the high prevalence of obesity and potential for associated morbidity. The purpose of this study was to identify specific patient characteristics associated with the documentation of obesity and related weight management recommendations in the inpatient setting.METHODS:Retrospective chart review was conducted on all pediatric patients ages 2 to 18 years old and discharged between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2014, to determine the following: (1) if obesity was noted in the clinical documentation of those with a BMI ≥95th percentile; and (2) if those with documented obesity had evidence of an obesity-specific management plan. Using χ2 and multivariable logistic regression, we determined patient characteristics associated with the documentation of obesity and presence of a management plan.RESULTS:Only 26% (214 of 809) of inpatients with obesity had documentation of weight status. The odds of obesity documentation were higher in patients with comorbid cholelithiasis, severe obesity, and older age. Of those with obesity documentation, 23% (49 of 214) had an obesity management plan. Comorbid sleep apnea and admission to a surgical service with a pediatric hospital medicine consult were significantly associated with the presence of an obesity management plan.CONCLUSIONS:Increased efforts are necessary to improve obesity diagnosis and management in younger children who have not yet developed comorbidities. Additionally, the role of pediatric hospitalists as consultants for surgical patients should be further explored as a tool for addressing obesity during inpatient hospitalization.
Estudos da exposição às mensagens publicitárias: usos e gratificações
Authors: Ferreira Raquel M C 
Published: December 2017

: O presente texto apresenta uma revisão de literatura dos estudos empíricos desenvolvidos sobre a atenção seletiva às mensagens propagandísticas. O objetivo do texto é o de apresentar as motivações para exposição às mensagens que hoje se caracterizam por sua irrelevância e impertinência, sobretudo, em um ambiente tecnológico que as tornam quase sempre intrusivas: - razão pela qual são no geral ignoradas por seu público. Aqui apresento as principais contribuições dos estudos focados no consumo das mensagens publicitárias, destacando os princípios de quatro categorias tidas como mais relevantes encontradas: Entretenimento, Obtenção de informações, Integração pessoal e Integração social.
A febre dos memes de política
Authors: Chagas Viktor 
Published: December 2017

A proposta deste trabalho é apresentar a dimensão teórica dos memes como chave para compreensão do processo político contemporâneo. Pautado por um duplo interesse imediato, este artigo se propõe a (a) apresentar o meme como categoria capaz de lidar com problemas multifacetados na ordem do debate político; e (b) discutir o potencial do meme como artefato retórico e persuasivo. Dessa forma, buscamos tecer aproximações e distanciamentos com categorias de uso comum ao campo da Comunicação Política, algumas advindas de, outras transpostas para, a publicidade, como o jingle, o slogan, e, termo mais generalista impossível, a imagem. Para alcançarmos este objetivo, nos fiamos em um estudo exploratório sobre os memes políticos publicados no Twitter durante os debates presidenciais televisionados no primeiro turno das Eleições 2014. Com base nos dados coletados, empreendemos uma análise de conteúdo que procurou discutir a apropriação da linguagem dos memes pela propaganda política e as campanhas eleitorais na internet.
Aflatoxin B1 detoxification by cell-free extracts of Rhodococcus strains
Authors: Risa Anita , Divinyi Dalma Maja , Baka Erzsébet , Krifaton Csilla 
Published: December 2017

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) produced by Aspergillus molds is a genotoxic and carcinogenic mycotoxin. For the elimination of mycotoxins from food and feed, biodetoxification can be a successful tool. The aim of this study was to reveal biodetoxification with the cell-free extracts of Rhodococcus erythropolis NI1 and Rhodococcus rhodochrous NI2, which have been already proved to detoxify AFB1. Extracellular matrices of cultures and also intracellular extracts were applied for detoxification. In both cases, media containing constitutively produced and AFB1-induced enzymes were tested, respectively. The pH tolerance of enzymes in the detoxification was examined at pH 7, 7.5, and 8. The remained genotoxicity was detected by SOS-Chromotest and the AFB1 concentration was measured by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. In the extracellular matrix, no reduction of genotoxicity was observed. However, detoxification was completed by intracellular enzymes. In intracellular extracts of both strains, genotoxicity was ceased by the constitutive enzymes within 6 h but induced and constitutive enzymes collectively achieved this result within minutes. Moreover, total biodetoxification was observed at every pH adjustment. Analytical results confirmed >84% degradation potential in each sample. Our results indicate a uniquely fast way for the detoxification of AFB1 with intracellular enzymes of R. erythropolis NI1 and R. rhodochrous NI2.
An Investigation into the Optimal Experience in Reading Journalistic Texts in Light of Instructing Fairclough’s and Van Dijk’s Model
Authors: Hamedi Seyyed Alireza , Hamedi Seyyedeh Mina , Hamedi Seyyedeh Maryam , Hamedi Seyyedeh Massoumeh 
Published: December 2017

The present study aims at exploring the extent to which Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) familiarity may have an impact on flow experience. In so doing, the community sample of 60 students comprising 16 males and 44 females participated in the study. Initially, the pretest was conducted to ensure the homogeneity of their proficiency level. Besides, the participants were asked to reflect on their flow experience while reading three distinct genres of journalistic texts prior to the application of the treatment. During the treatment phase, they were instructed how to critically examine other journalistic texts relying on Fairclough’s (1989) three dimensional model along with Van Dijk’s (1995) theoretical framework of CDA over 10 successive sessions. Finally, utilizing paired- samples t-tests, the results of the posttests on the very three texts which were conducted at the pretest stage, indicated that the application of CDA has a significant influence on the students’ optimal experience while reading descriptive, expository, and narrative genres of journalistic texts.
Direct control of active and reactive power of a doubly fed
Authors: Ourici Amel , Tourab Wafa , Leila Merabet 
Published: December 2017

This paper proposes a direct power control for doubly fed induction machine for variable speed wind power generation. It provides decoupled regulation of the primary side active and reactive power and is suitable for both electric energy generation and drive applications. In order to control the power flowing between the stator of the doubly fed induction generator and the network, a decoupled control of active and reactive power is synthesised using PI controllers. The obtained simulation results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the suggested method.
Keywords: Doubly fed induction machine, decoupled power control, vector control, active and reactive power, PWM inverter.
Teaching Olympism: European Olympic Committees Mobile Quiz Application
Authors: Dugan Omur 
Published: December 2017

The European Olympic Committee is a non-governmental not-for-profit organization whose objective is to propagate the fundamental principles of Olympism at European level.Olympism refers to the philosophy of the Olympic Games. Olympism seeks to create a way of life by blending sport with culture, education and international co-operation. It is based on the joy of effort, the educational value of good example, social responsibility and respect for universal fundamental ethical principles. The goal of the Olympism is to contribute to building a peaceful and better world by educating youth through sport practices with Olympism and its values. To contribute to this important aim; Olympic Culture and Legacy Commission of European Olympic Committees has been working on educational materials such as; books, leaflets, informative Power Point presentations etc. All prepared materials are sent to member countries of EOC to be used in different sport related educative environments. It is seen that, initially, the National Olympic Committees are responsible of spreading, promoting and using them. There is no specific feedback on how the guide books, leaflets etc. has an impact on young people on learning Olympism and its values. As technology grows, education materials are in need to change too. Especially young people and children who are very likely to use smartphones, tablets etc. are growing in numbers massively. As a matter of this change, Olympic Education had to have a new era in changing the way of teaching Olympism and its values. The EOC launched a mobile quiz application about Olympism and its values in February 2017, by the work of its Olympic Culture and Legacy Commission. This paper will focus on what Olympic Education is, how it is evolved through technology and discuss the newly launched â€˜Olympism Quiz Mobile Applicationâ€™ for young athletes.
Keywords: Olympism; Olympic education; mobile application; mobile quiz; sport education;
Effects of regular physical activity on physical and mental health in high school students
Authors: Inecli Omer Faruk , Ziyagil Mehmet Akif 
Published: December 2017

This study aims to investigate the effects of regular physical activity on physical and mental health in male and female high school students. Data were collected from 1350 high school students. Short form- health scale (SF- 12) were used for physical health scores (PCS) and mental health scores (MCS). A physical activity stage of change questionnaire was used for activity level. Results of this study showed that the percentages of physical activity level were 41,6 % for males and 27,72% for females. There were significant differences in the means of MCS and PCS depending on physical activity level in male and females. Significant differences were only observed in the means of age, body height in males not females. PCS and MCS were significantly correlated with physical activity levels in both genders. Regular physical activity is a need to enhance and maintain PCS and MCS.
Keywords: Physical activity; physical and mental health ;students