bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Renal Failure and Renal Replacement Therapy on Outcome During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Therapy
Authors: Antonucci Elio , Lamanna Irene , Fagnoul David , Vincent Jean‐Louis , De Backer Daniel , Silvio Taccone Fabio 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients treated with veno‐arterial (VA‐) or veno‐venous (VV‐) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). In this setting, the use of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) can help to optimize fluid status but may also negatively impact on patients' outcome. In contrast, the relationship between AKI, CRRT, and survival in critically ill adult patients receiving ECMO is not well defined. The institutional ECMO database (n = 162) from November 2008 to December 2013, excluding patients with ICU survival <24 hours was reviewed. Demographics, co‐morbidities, and concomitant therapies for all patients were collected. AKI was defined according to the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria. ICU mortality was noted. Data were retrieved for 135 patients (79 with VA‐ECMO and 56 with VV‐ECMO). Of these, 95 developed AKI, 63 (47%) of whom required CRRT; thus three groups of patients were identified: (a) no AKI; (b) AKI without CRRT (AKINOCRRT); and (c) CRRT with AKI (AKICRRT). AKINOCCRT patients were more likely to have preexisting heart disease, to be more severely ill, and to be treated with VA‐ECMO than those without AKI. AKICRRT patients were also more likely to be treated with VA‐ECMO, had more organ dysfunction at the time of ECMO insertion, and needed more transfusions and inotropic agents than patients without AKI. ICU mortality was 53% (72/135) and was similar in the three groups, even when different AKI stages or VA/VV‐ECMO were analyzed separately. In this study, the use of CRRT was not associated with an increased mortality in an adult population of patients treated with ECMO, even after adjustment for confounders.
Are augmented reality picture books magic or real for preschool children aged five to six?
Authors: Yilmaz Rabia M. , Kucuk Sevda , Goktas Yuksel 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study is to determine preschool children's attitudes towards augmented reality picture books (ARPB), their story comprehension performance (SCP) and the relationships between these variables. The sample consisted of 92 five‐ and six‐year‐olds (49 boys, 43 girls). An attitude form, story comprehension test and interview form were used as data collection tools. Most of the children reported feeling “very happy” with the activity and enjoyed using the ARPB, which they found interesting and fun. The children also delivered strong story SCP. Their happiness was found to affect their SCP, while their enjoyment did not. ARPB are attractive and evocative for children, who perceive them as magic and more enjoyable than conventional books. This study demonstrates how they can be used as effective educational tools to improve preschool children's cognition and listening skills.
Epilepsy‐related sudden unexpected death: targeted molecular analysis of inherited heart disease genes using next‐generation DNA sequencing
Authors: Hata Yukiko , Yoshida Koji , Kinoshita Koshi , Nishida Naoki 
Published: May 2016

AbstractInherited heart disease causing electric instability in the heart has been suggested to be a risk factor for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). The purpose of this study was to reveal the correlation between epilepsy‐related sudden unexpected death (SUD) and inherited heart disease. Twelve epilepsy‐related SUD cases (seven males and five females, aged 11–78 years) were examined. Nine cases fulfilled the criteria of SUDEP, and three cases died by drowning. In addition to examining three major epilepsy‐related genes, we used next‐generation sequencing (NGS) to examine 73 inherited heart disease‐related genes. We detected both known pathogenic variants and rare variants with minor allele frequencies of <0.5%. The pathogenicity of these variants was evaluated and graded by eight in silico predictive algorithms. Six known and six potential rare variants were detected. Among these, three known variants of LDB3, DSC2 and KCNE1 and three potential rare variants of MYH6, DSP and DSG2 were predicted by in silico analysis as possibly highly pathogenic in three of the nine SUDEP cases. Two of three cases with desmosome‐related variants showed mild but possible significant right ventricular dysplasia‐like pathology. A case with LDB3 and MYH6 variants showed hypertrabeculation of the left ventricle and severe fibrosis of the cardiac conduction system. In the three drowning death cases, one case with mild prolonged QT interval had two variants in ANK2. This study shows that inherited heart disease may be a significant risk factor for SUD in some epilepsy cases, even if pathological findings of the heart had not progressed to an advanced stage of the disease. A combination of detailed pathological examination of the heart and gene analysis using NGS may be useful for evaluating arrhythmogenic potential of epilepsy‐related SUD.
Important non‐disease‐related determinants of exhaled nitric oxide levels in mild asthma – results from the Swedish GA2LEN study
Authors: Al‐shamkhi N. , Alving K. , Dahlen S. E. , Hedlin G. , Middelveld R. , Bjerg A. , Ekerljung L. , Olin A. C. , Sommar J. , Forsberg B. , Janson C. , Malinovschi A. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryBackgroundFractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) has a potential clinical role in asthma management. Constitutive factors such as age, height and gender, as well as individual characteristics, such as IgE sensitization and smoking, affect the levels of FeNO in population‐based studies. However, their effect on FeNO in subjects with asthma has been scarcely studied.ObjectiveTo study the effects on FeNO of these commonly regarded determinants, as demonstrated in healthy subjects, as well as menarche age and parental smoking, in a population of asthmatics.Material and MethodsFractional exhaled nitric oxide was measured in 557 subjects with asthma from the Swedish GA2LEN study. Allergic sensitization was assessed by skin prick tests to most common aeroallergens. Upper airway comorbidities, smoking habits, smoking exposure during childhood and hormonal status (for women) were questionnaire‐assessed.ResultsMale gender (P < 0.001), greater height (P < 0.001) and sensitization to both perennial allergens and pollen (P < 0.001) are related to higher FeNO levels. Current smoking (P < 0.001) and having both parents smoking during childhood, vs. having neither (P < 0.001) or only one parent smoking (P = 0.002), are related to lower FeNO. Women with menarche between 9 and 11 years of age had lower FeNO than those with menarche between 12 and 14 years of age (P = 0.03) or 15 and 17 years of age (P = 0.003).Conclusions and Clinical relevanceInterpreting FeNO levels in clinical practice is complex, and constitutional determinants, as well as smoking and IgE sensitisation, are of importance in asthmatic subjects and should be accounted for when interpreting FeNO levels. Furthermore, menarche age and parental smoking during childhood and their effects on lowering FeNO deserve further studies.
Follicular helper T cells are responsible for IgE responses to Der p 1 following house dust mite sensitization in mice
Authors: Noble A. , Zhao J. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryBackgroundTh2 cells have long been considered responsible for the switching of B cells to production of IgE during cognate interaction, primarily due to their expression of CD40L and secretion of IL‐4. This concept has been challenged by the more recent definition of follicular helper T cells (Tfh) as the key T cell subset in B cell isotype switching, due to their physical location at the boundary of T cell:B cell areas in lymphoid follicles and ability to express IL‐4 and CD40L.ObjectiveTo determine whether Tfh cells are responsible for IgE responses to Der p 1 allergen after house dust mite (HDM)‐induced allergic sensitization.MethodsMice deficient in Tfh cells were sensitized to HDM and Der p 1‐specific IgE measured by ELISA.ResultsMice with a mutation in T cell‐expressed IL‐6R were unable to expand Tfh populations after HDM sensitization, and their anti‐Der p 1 IgE, IgG1 and total IgE responses were reduced by 80–90% compared with wild‐type mice. These animals displayed unaltered lung Th2 and eosinophilic responses after intranasal HDM challenge and normal IL‐4 production, but B cell infiltration of the airways was abrogated.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceOur data indicate that Tfh cells are largely responsible for switching B cells to IgE synthesis, most likely via an IgG1+ intermediate. However, Th2 cells are the major source of IL‐4 during HDM sensitization and this might contribute to IgE synthesis at a stage distal to Tfh‐mediated isotype switching. The IL‐6/follicular helper T cell pathway is a potential therapeutic target in allergic disease.
Morphological and Functional Attenuation of Degeneration of Peripheral Neurons by Mesenchymal Stem Cell‐Conditioned Medium in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1‐Knock‐in Mice
Authors: Suto Nana , Mieda Tokue , Iizuka Akira , Nakamura Kazuhiro , Hirai Hirokazu 
Published: May 2016

SummaryAimsSpinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is caused by the ataxin‐1 protein (ATXN1) with an abnormally expanded polyglutamine tract and is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration. We previously showed that intrathecal injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) during the nonsymptomatic stage mitigates the degeneration of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) neurons in SCA1‐knock‐in (SCA1‐KI) mice. We tested in this study whether the therapeutic effects of MSCs in SCA1‐KI mice could be reproduced with MSC‐releasing factor(s).MethodsTo test the effects of MSC‐releasing factor(s), we used MSC‐conditioned medium (MSC‐CM). MSC‐CM was intrathecally and/or intravenously injected into young SCA1‐KI mice, and the therapeutic effects were assessed in the PNS at later ages using immunostaining, electrophysiology, and behavioral tests.ResultsMSC‐CM attenuated the degeneration of axons and myelin of spinal motor neurons. Consequently, the injected SCA1‐KI mice exhibited smaller reductions in nerve conduction velocity in spinal motor neurons and reduced motor incoordination than the untreated mice.ConclusionsThese results suggest that factors released from MSC mitigate the morphological and functional abnormalities in the PNS that are observed in SCA1‐KI mice in a paracrine manner.
Anti‐HLA sensitization after kidney allograft nephrectomy: changes one year post‐surgery and beneficial effect of intravenous immunoglobulin
Authors: Matignon Marie , Leibler Claire , Moranne Olivier , Salomon Laurent , Charron Dominique , Lang Philippe , Jacquelinet Christian , Suberbielle Caroline , Grimbert Philippe 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe analysis of anti‐HLA sensitization at the time of and following allograft nephrectomy may help clinicians to define better both the indications for nephrectomy and preventive therapeutic strategies. We carried out a retrospective analysis of anti‐HLA antibodies in 63 clinically indicated nephrectomies (baseline and three and 12 months after) according to the time elapsed since transplantation (six months) and clinical background. An intervention study included 10 patients without donor‐specific antibodies (DSA) at the time of nephrectomy treated with high‐dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) (1.5 g/kg). Early nephrectomies were performed in 15 patients (24%). Among the late nephrectomies, 14 patients (22%) were asymptomatic and 34 (54%) had graft intolerance syndrome (GIS). At baseline, anti‐HLA sensitization was significantly lower in the early and late asymptomatic groups than in the GIS group, but increased considerably within the three months following surgery. In the group of 10 patients treated with IVIG, only the number of class I non‐DSA increased in the three months after surgery, whereas in the control group (N = 13), all anti‐HLA variables increased significantly. All patients undergoing a clinically indicated allograft nephrectomy become highly sensitized within the 12 months after surgery. In patients without DSA before nephrectomy, high doses of IVIG may prevent anti‐HLA sensitization.
Skype clinics after intestinal transplantation – follow‐up beyond post codes
Authors: Gerlach Undine A. , Vrakas Georgios , Holdaway Lydia , O'Connor Marion , Macedo Rubens , Reddy Srikanth , Friend Peter J. , Giele Henk , Vaidya Anil 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe follow‐up after intestinal transplantation (ITX) is complex and limited to specialized centers. ITX recipients often travel all over the country to be seen in the outpatient clinic of specialized centers which is costly and time‐consuming. Videoconferences through Skype have been implemented to eliminate travel time, costs, and to improve patient compliance without jeopardizing safety. Eighteen of 19 patients followed up after ITX or modified multivisceral transplantation (MMVTX) in conventional outpatient clinics in Oxford agreed to attend additional Skype clinics. All patients who were followed up through Skype clinics after ITX/MMVTX received a questionnaire to measure their satisfaction with methods and technical aspects of videoconferencing as well as time/mode of traveling, travel expenses/costs, waiting time in outpatient clinic and patients' satisfaction. Mean travel distance to Oxford was 236 ± 168 miles, mean travel time was 277 ± 175 min, and mean travel cost was 200 ± 56 Great Britain Pounds. A total of 56% had to take time off work and/or find child/family care for the time spent in travel. These patients reported a satisfaction score of 4.38 ± 0.77 of 5 points as opposed to 2.88 ± 0.90 for attending the conventional outpatient clinic. Skype clinics have been proven successful and feasible in highly specialized fields like ITX in eligible patients.
Mitochondrial bioenergetics and posthepatectomy liver dysfunction
Authors: Alexandrino Henrique , Varela Ana T. , Teodoro João Soeiro , Martins Mónica A. , Rolo Anabela P. , Tralhão José Guilherme , Palmeira Carlos M. , Castro e Sousa Francisco 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundLiver regeneration requires an enormous energy supply. Experimental evidence suggests that mitochondrial function is of paramount importance for liver regeneration. However, this has not been investigated in the clinical setting. We aimed to: (i) evaluate changes in mitochondrial function during hepatectomy, especially after hepatic pedicle clamping; and (ii) correlate these changes with postoperative hepatocellular function and clinical outcome.Materials and methodsProspective study of thirty patients undergoing hepatectomy. Measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential, respiration and adenosine triphosphate content in intra‐operative liver biopsies performed in nonresected parenchyma. Correlation of findings with duration of hepatic pedicle clamping, postoperative markers of hepatocellular necrosis and function (aminotransferases, arterial lactate, international normalized ratio, bilirubin), and morbidity.ResultsLonger hepatic pedicle clamping was associated with worse mitochondrial depolarization (r = −0·519; P = 0·011) and longer lag phase (r = 0·568; P = 0·006). Higher postoperative peak aminotransferases, international normalized ratio and bilirubin correlated with worse mitochondrial function (P < 0·05). After major hepatectomy, mitochondrial respiration correlated with postoperative arterial lactate clearance (r = 0·756; P = 0·049). Mitochondrial bioenergetic parameters were significantly decreased in patients with liver‐specific morbidity and postoperative liver failure (P < 0·05). On multivariate analysis, decrease in mitochondrial potential was an independent risk factor for liver–specific morbidity (OR = 13·7; P = 0·043). Worse lag phase was highly predictive of posthepatectomy liver failure (area under the curve: 0·933; P = 0·008).ConclusionsThere is a relationship between mitochondrial function, duration of hepatic pedicle clamping and clinical outcome after hepatectomy. Mitochondrial bioenergetics can potentially translate into clinical practice, assisting in earlier diagnosis of postoperative liver dysfunction, and as a target for future pharmacological therapies.
A poster and a mobile healthcare application as information tools for dental trauma management
Authors: Iskander Marian , Lou Jennifer , Wells Martha , Scarbecz Mark 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackground/AimsPrompt management of dental trauma in children affects outcomes, and multiple educational resources are available. The aim of this study was to compare subjects’ accuracy in answering a survey about dental trauma management utilizing a poster and a mobile healthcare application and to determine user preference for mode of delivery of information.Materials and methodsA survey was administered to parents of patients in two pediatric dental practices. Questions collected demographic information, frequency of internet use, and responses to questions regarding dental trauma management for two separate scenarios. Participants used both a poster and a mobile application, but were randomly assigned as to which tool was utilized first.ResultsEighty‐nine surveys were usable. The majority of respondents were aged 36–45 years (50.6%), had education beyond high school (64%), and had private insurance (52.8%). Less‐educated individuals were more likely to report searching the Internet (74%) compared to individuals with a graduate degree (57%) (P = 0.017). The majority of subjects answered trauma management questions correctly with both tools. However, for an avulsed permanent tooth, individuals receiving the mobile application were more likely to select: ‘put the tooth back in place’ (71.1%) compared to those utilizing the poster, who chose ‘put the tooth in milk’ (56.8%) (P = 0.004). Less‐educated individuals were willing to pay more for the application (P = 0.015) and were more likely to report being interested in receiving dental information through mobile technology in the future (P = 0.006).ConclusionsBoth a poster and a mobile healthcare application are effective in delivering dental trauma information.
Pulse oximetry: a useful test for evaluating pulp vitality in traumatized teeth
Authors: Caldeira Celso Luiz , Barletta Fernando Branco , Ilha Mariana Cezar , Abrão Carmen Vianna , Gavini Giulio 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackground and AimSubjective pulp tests are not trustworthy, particularly in traumatized teeth, and may lead to inaccurate diagnosis. The use of an objective test such as pulse oximetry (PO) could be a more reliable method to properly evaluate pulp status in this condition. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of PO in determining pulp vitality in traumatized teeth based on oxygen saturation measurements (%SpO2).Subjects and methodsFifty‐nine permanent teeth that had undergone lateral luxation, and which were unresponsive to a cold spray test and were free from signs of necrosis, were selected and tested with PO at 7, 30 and 60 days after trauma.ResultsFifty‐nine teeth were tested. At 7 days after trauma, 8 teeth had low rates of oxygenation, compared to 10 at 30 and 60 days. Low rates were defined as a saturation reading ≤77%SpO2. These teeth were assigned to the pulp necrosis (PN) group. The other 49 teeth were either considered to have healthy pulps (HP) (saturation ≥90%SpO2) or were assigned to a pulpitis (PP) group (saturation ≥78 to ≤89%SpO2). The 10 non‐responsive teeth were followed up for 1 year and all exhibited indications for endodontic treatment. The other 49 teeth (HP or PP) began to show positive responses to the cold spray (after 3–9 months of follow up). No significant differences (P < 0.05) were detected between the three periods analyzed, but %SpO2 rates were significantly different (P < 0.01) between the groups (HP vs PP, HP vs PN and PP vs PN).ConclusionsPO can be extremely useful for the assessment of dental pulp status in traumatized teeth, particularly when these teeth do not show signs of PN and do not respond to cold tests.
Examining the differences in the stigma of dementia and diabetes among Chinese Americans
Authors: Woo Benjamin KP , Mehta Pratik 
Published: May 2016

AimOne of the major barriers in making a diagnosis and managing dementia in the Chinese American population is the stigma surrounding the disease. The goal of the present study was to examine differences in the stigma and perceptions of dementia and diabetes among Chinese Americans.MethodsA total of 449 Chinese Americans answered one survey with two self‐administered, true/false questionnaires assessing stigma and perceptions toward dementia and diabetes. Higher total scores were associated with increased stigma and negative perceptions. The results of the two questionnaires were compared to assess for any differences in attitudes.ResultsFor the dementia questionnaire, the mean score was 5.58 (95% CI 5.37–5.79) with a standard deviation of 2.31. For the diabetes questionnaire, the mean score was 2.01 (95% CI 1.85‐2.18) with a standard deviation of 1.76. Statistical analysis showed that Chinese Americans were more likely to hold stigmatized views toward dementia than diabetes (t = 33.9, d.f. = 448, P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe higher average score in the dementia questionnaire shows that there are greater stigma and negative perceptions of dementia in comparison with diabetes among Chinese Americans. Considering that stigma delays access to healthcare for dementia‐related symptoms, efforts should be taken to minimize negative attitudes associated with dementia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 760–764.
Effects of an integrated health education and elastic band resistance training program on physical function and muscle strength in community‐dwelling elderly women: Healthy Aging and Happy Aging II study
Authors: Oh Seung‐Lyul , Kim Hee‐jae , Woo Shinae , Cho Be‐Long , Song Misoon , Park Yeon‐Hwan , Lim Jae‐Young , Song Wook 
Published: May 2016

AimIn the present study, we determined the effect of an integrated health education and elastic band resistance training program on body composition, physical function, muscle strength and quality in community‐dwelling elderly women.MethodsWe recruited participants with eligibility inclusion criteria, and randomly assigned them to either the control group (n = 19) or the intervention group (n = 19). The integrated intervention program comprised of health education and individual counseling, and elastic band training for 18 weeks (8 weeks of supervised training and 10 weeks of self‐directed training). We assessed body composition, muscle strength and quality, and physical function at pre‐, after 8 weeks (mid‐) and 18 weeks (post‐training).ResultsAfter the intervention, there were no significant changes in skeletal muscle index, fat free mass, total lean mass and total fat mass for both the control group and intervention group. However, the interaction effect was significantly different in SPPB score (P < 0.05), isokinetic strength (60 deg/s, P < 0.001; 120 deg/s; P < 0.05) and muscle quality (P < 0.05) after 18 weeks of intervention relative to the baseline of the control and intervention groups. The supervised elastic band training of 8 weeks did not improve short physical performance battery score and isokinetic strength, whereas there was a significant increase of those outcomes (10.6% improvement, 9.8~23.5% improvement) after 10 weeks of following self‐directed exercise compared with the baseline.ConclusionsThese results show the effectiveness of following self‐directed resistance training with health education after supervised training cessation in improvement of short physical performance battery and leg muscle strength. This intervention program might be an effective method to promote muscle strength and quality, and to prevent frailty in elderly women. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 825‐833.