bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ligands of translocator protein inhibit human Th1 responses and the rejection of murine skin allografts
Authors: Zhang Yannan , Yu Sifei , Li Xiaomin , Yang Binyan , Wu Changyou 
Published: December 2016

The translocator protein (TSPO) ligands affected inflammatory and immune responses. However, the exact effects of TSPO ligands on Th1 responses in vitro and in vivo are still unclear. In the present study, we found that TSPO ligands, FGIN1-27 and Ro5-4864, suppressed the cytokine production in a dose-dependent manner by purified human CD4+ T-cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) after stimulation. TSPO ligands inhibited the production of interferon γ (IFN-γ) by memory CD4+ T-cells and the differentiation of naïve CD4+ T-cells into Th1 cells via suppressing the activity of the corresponding transcription factors as indicated by reduced expression of T-bet and down-regulation of STAT1, STAT4 and STAT5 phosphorylation. TSPO ligands suppressed cell proliferation and activation of CD4+ T-cells by the inhibition of TCR signal transduction including membrane proteins: Zap, Lck, Src; cytoplasm proteins: Plcγ1, Slp-76, ERK, JNK and the nucleoproteins: c-Jun and c-Fos. In addition, FGIN1-27 inhibited mixed lymphocyte reactions by human or murine cells. After the transplantation of allogeneic murine skin, injection of FGIN1-27 into mice prevented graft rejection by inhibition of cell infiltration and IFN-γ production. Taken together, our data suggest that TSPO ligands inhibit Th1 cell responses and might be novel therapeutic medicine for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and prevention of transplant rejection.
Hα Doppler shifts in a tornado in the solar corona
Authors: Schmieder B. , Mein P. , Mein N. , Levens P. J. , Labrosse N. , Ofman L. 
Published: December 2016

Context. High resolution movies in 193 Å from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on the Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO) show apparent rotation in the leg of a prominence observed during a coordinated campaign. Such structures are commonly referred to as tornadoes. Time-distance intensity diagrams of the AIA data show the existence of oscillations suggesting that the structure is rotating.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to understand if the cool plasma at chromospheric temperatures inside the tornado is rotating around its central axis.
Methods. The tornado was also observed in Hα with a cadence of 30 s by the MSDP spectrograph, operating at the Solar Tower in Meudon. The MSDP provides sequences of simultaneous spectra in a 2D field of view from which a cube of Doppler velocity maps is retrieved.
Results. The Hα Doppler maps show a pattern with alternatively blueshifted and redshifted areas of 5 to 10′′ wide. Over time the blueshifted areas become redshifted and vice versa, with a quasi-periodicity of 40 to 60 min. Weaker amplitude oscillations with periods of 4 to 6 min are superimposed onto these large period oscillations.
Conclusions. The Doppler pattern observed in Hα cannot be interpreted as rotation of the cool plasma inside the tornado. The Hα velocity observations give strong constraints on the possible interpretations of the AIA tornado.
Metal dependence and branched RNA cocrystal structures of the RNA lariat debranching enzyme Dbr1
Authors: Clark Nathaniel E. , Katolik Adam , Roberts Kenneth M. , Taylor Alexander B. , Holloway Stephen P. , Schuermann Jonathan P. , Montemayor Eric J. , Stevens Scott W. , Fitzpatrick Paul F. , Damha Masad J. , Hart P. John 
Published: December 2016

Significance
The RNA lariat debranching enzyme Dbr1 cleaves the 2′,5′-phosphodiester linkages in intron lariats generated during pre-mRNA splicing. The enzyme is central to RNA metabolism because its activity is required for intron turnover and for the production of small nucleolar RNAs and microRNAs encoded in intronic RNA. Here, the kinetics of Dbr1-mediated debranching of a synthetic RNA substrate are measured by using apoenzyme reconstituted with various divalent cations. The results suggest Fe and Zn are preferred cofactors. Structures of a binuclear catalytic mutant in complex with bona fide branched RNAs reveal a metal-bridging hydroxide positioned to attack the scissile phosphate. The results clarify structure/function relationships in Dbr1 enzymes and are guiding the search for inhibitors that hold promise as therapies for retroviral infections and neurodegenerative disease.
The role of empathy in the knowledge building of eighth grade girls as they reflect on their experiences with literature
Authors: Smit Julie 
Published: December 2016

This study focused on the role that empathy played in the knowledge building of 7 eighth grade readers. Participants met for twenty sessions over the course of a school year to reflect on their experiences empathizing with characters in their favorite works of literature. These reflections led to the generation of social themes. The girls worked to advance these themes by extending, contesting, and evaluating ideas presented.In this community, the girls’ attempts to empathize with characters were foundational for analyzing actions and intentions of people. Empathy was also used as a tool in their talk as the girls imagined perspectives very different from their own. This resulted in new self knowledge because hearing different perspectives led them to expand their thinking. Results suggest a role for the sociocognitive benefits of engaging in literature and developing students’ capacity for empathy in Language Arts instruction.
Overlapping Buprenorphine, Opioid, and Benzodiazepine Prescriptions among Veterans Dually Enrolled in Department of Veterans Affairs and Medicare Part D
Authors: Gellad Walid F. , Zhao Xinhua , Thorpe Carolyn T. , Thorpe Joshua M. , Sileanu Florentina E. , Cashy John P. , Mor Maria , Hale Jennifer A. , Radomski Thomas , Hausmann Leslie R. M. , Fine Michael J. , Good Chester B. 
Published: December 2016

Background: Buprenorphine is a key tool in the management of opioid use disorder, but there are growing concerns about abuse, diversion, and safety. These concerns are amplified for the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), whose patients may receive care concurrently from multiple prescribers within and outside VA. To illustrate the extent of this challenge, we examined overlapping prescriptions for buprenorphine, opioids, and benzodiazepines among veterans dually enrolled in VA and Medicare Part D. Methods: We constructed a cohort of all veterans dually enrolled in VA and Part D who filled an opioid prescription in 2012. We identified patients who received tablet or film buprenorphine products from either source. We calculated the proportion of buprenorphine recipients with any overlapping prescription (based on days supply) for a nonbuprenorphine opioid or benzodiazepine, focusing on veterans who received overlapping prescriptions from a different system than their buprenorphine prescription (Part D buprenorphine recipients receiving overlapping opioids or benzodiazepines from VA and vice versa). Results: There were 1790 dually enrolled veterans with buprenorphine prescriptions, including 760 (43%) from VA and 1091 (61%) from Part D (61 veterans with buprenorphine from both systems were included in each group). Among VA buprenorphine recipients, 199 (26%) received an overlapping opioid prescription and 11 (1%) received an overlapping benzodiazepine prescription from Part D. Among Part D buprenorphine recipients, 208 (19%) received an overlapping opioid prescription and 178 (16%) received an overlapping benzodiazepine prescription from VA. Among VA and Part D buprenorphine recipients with cross-system opioid overlap, 25% (49/199) and 35% (72/208), respectively, had >90 days of overlap. Conclusions: Many buprenorphine recipients receive overlapping prescriptions for opioids and benzodiazepines from a different health care system than the one in which their buprenorphine was filled. These findings highlight a previously undocumented safety risk for veterans dually enrolled in VA and Medicare.
Intravenous Use of Intranasal Naloxone: A Case of Overdose Reversal
Authors: Das Smita , Shah Nina , Ghadiali Murtuza 
Published: December 2016

Background: Opioid overdose is a growing concern in the United States and internationally. Prehospital or pre–medical personnel (layperson) administration of naloxone, an opioid antagonist, to reverse overdose, is an expanding mode of harm reduction. Recently, community clinics, methadone clinics, needle exchanges, some pharmacies, and other health care facilities have made naloxone available to the community. Case: This case describes heroin overdose reversal of a 28-year-old male who had been using about a gram of heroin intravenously for 3 years but recently reduced frequency of use in an attempt to stop. He was seen initially 1 week prior to a buprenorphine induction in our clinic. After the initial intake, he used intravenous heroin, a larger amount than over the past several weeks in anticipation of abstinence, lost consciousness, and was difficult to arouse. A friend with him noted the patient's respirations to become shallow and administered naloxone nasal spray that the patient had obtained from a needle exchange, but did so intravenously by attaching an unused drug needle to the syringe barrel in place of the nasal atomizer. The patient's overdose was reversed and he recovered. Discussion: This is the first known published case of a community-distributed naloxone nasal spray being used intravenously by a layperson (bystander). The case emphasizes the efficacy of naloxone in overdose reversal and also the need for education or instructions on naloxone use by others (not just the user). Finally, it highlights the risk of overdose in those entering treatment, seeking intoxication one last time.
Effects of mushroom extract on textural properties and muscle protein degradation of bovine longissimus dorsi muscle
Authors: Lee Kyung-Ha , Kim Ho-Kyoung , Kim Sae-Hun , Kim Kyoung-Hwan , Choi Young-Min , Jin Hyun-Hee , Lee Seung-Joo , Ryu Youn-Chul 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
We investigated the effects of Sarcodon aspratus, Agaricus bisporus, and Lentinula edodes aqueous extracts on the tenderization of bovine longissimus dorsi muscle. Meat quality and muscle protein degradation were examined as well. Beef chunks were marinated in distilled water (control), 5% S. aspratus (SA), 5% A. bisporus (AB), or 5% L. edodes (LE) extracts. SA was shown to have a higher enzymatic activity (p &lt; 0.001) and water-holding capacity than LE (p &lt; 0.01). SA and AB extracts exhibited lower shear force values compared with the control (p &lt; 0.05). SA, AB, and LE showed superior muscle proteolytic effects compared with the control. SA demonstrated the ability to degrade myosin heavy chains and actin, which was not observed after AB and LE extract treatments. This suggests that SA extract may affect tenderization. Taken together, our results show that aqueous extract of S. aspratus affects the tenderness of the bovine longissimus dorsi muscle.
Report of the CCQM-K97: measurement of arsenobetaine standard solution and arsenobetaine content in fish tissue (tunafish)
Authors: Ma L D , Wang J , WEI C , Kuroiwa T , Narukawa T , Ito N , HIOKI A , CHIBA K , Yim Y H , Lee K S , Lim Y R , Turk G C , Davis C W , Mester Z , Yang L , McCooeye M , Maxwell P , Cankur O , Tokman N , Coskun F G 
Published: December 2016

The CCQM-K97 key comparison was organized by the inorganic analysis working group (IAWG) of CCQM as a follow-up to completed pilot study CCQM-P96 and P96.1 to test the abilities of the national metrology institutes to accurately quantitate the mass fraction of arsenobetaine (AsB) in standard solution and in fish tissue. A pilot study CCQM-P133 was parallelized with this key comparison. National Institute of Metrology (NIM), China and National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ) acted as the coordinating laboratories.
Six NMIs participated in CCQM-K97 and two institutes participated in CCQM-P133, and all of them submitted the results. Some NMIs submitted more than one results by different methods. The results were in excellent agreement with each other, and obviously better than those of previous P96 and P96.1. Therefore the calibrant which each NMI used was comparable. It shows that the capabilities of some of the participants have been improved after the previous pilot studies.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
On the construction of semisimple Lie algebras and Chevalley groups
Authors: Geck Meinolf 
Published: December 2016

Let

g

\mathfrak {g}

be a semisimple complex Lie algebra. Recently, Lusztig simplified the traditional construction of the corresponding Chevalley groups (of adjoint type) using the “canonical basis” of the adjoint representation of

g

\mathfrak {g}

. Here, we present a variation of this idea which leads to a new, and quite elementary, construction of

g

\mathfrak {g}

itself from its root system. An additional feature of this set-up is that it also gives rise to explicit Chevalley bases of

g

\mathfrak {g}

.
Maximal operators associated with some singular submanifolds
Authors: Heo Yaryong , Hong Sunggeum , Yang Chan 
Published: December 2016

Let

U

\mathrm {U}

be a bounded open subset of

R

d

\mathbb {R}^d

and let

Ω
\Omega

be a Lebesgue measurable subset of

U

\mathrm {U}

. Let

γ
=
(

γ
1

,
⋯
,

γ
n

)
:

U

∖
Ω
→

R

n

\gamma =(\gamma _1, \cdots , \gamma _n) : \mathrm {U}\setminus \Omega \rightarrow \mathbb {R}^n

be a Lebesgue measurable function, and let

μ
\mu

be a Borel measure on

R

d
+
n

\mathbb {R}^{d+n}

defined by

⟨
μ
,
f
⟩
=

∫

R

d

f
(
y
,
γ
(
y
)
)
ψ
(
y
)

χ

U

∖
Ω

(
y
)

d
y
,

\begin{equation*} \langle \mu , f \rangle =\int _{\mathbb {R}^d} f(y, \gamma (y)) \psi (y)\,\chi _{\mathrm {U}\setminus \Omega }(y)\; dy, \end{equation*}

where

ψ
\psi

is a smooth function supported in

U

\mathrm {U}

. In this paper we give some conditions under which the Fourier decay estimates

|

μ
^

(
ξ
)

|

≤
C
(
1
+

|

ξ

|

)

−
ϵ

|\widehat {\mu }(\xi )| \le C (1+|\xi |)^{-\epsilon }

hold for some

ϵ
>
0

\epsilon >0

. As a corollary we obtain the

L
p

L^p

-boundedness properties of the maximal operators

M

S

\mathrm {M}_{S}

associated with a certain class of possibly non-smooth

n
n

-dimensional submanifolds of

R

d
+
n

\mathbb {R}^{d+n}

, i.e.,
\[

M

S

f
(
x
)
=

sup

r
>
0

r

−
d

∫

|

y

|

>
r

|

f

(

x
−
(
y
,
γ
(
y
)
)

)

|

χ

R

d

∖

Ω

sym

d
y
,

\mathrm {M}_Sf(x)=\sup _{r>0}\, r^{-d}\int _{|y|>r} \big {|}f\big {(}x-(y,\gamma (y))\big {)}\big {|} \,\chi _{\mathbb {R}^d \setminus \Omega _{\text {sym}}} \,dy,

\]
where

Ω

sym

\Omega _{\text {sym}}

is a radially symmetric Lebesgue measurable subset of

R

d

\mathbb {R}^d

,

γ
(
y
)
=
(

γ
1

(
y
)
,
⋯
,

γ
n

(
y
)
)

\gamma (y)=(\gamma _1(y), \cdots , \gamma _n(y))

,

γ
i

(
t
y
)
=

t

a
i

γ
i

(
y
)

\gamma _i(t y)=t^{a_i} \gamma _i(y)

for each

t
>
0

t>0

where

a
i

∈

R

a_i \in \mathbb {R}

, and the function

γ
i

:

R

d

∖

Ω

sym

→

R

\gamma _i : \mathbb {R}^d \setminus \Omega _{\text {sym}} \rightarrow \mathbb {R}

satisfies some singularity conditions over a certain subset of

R

d

\mathbb {R}^d

. Also we investigate the endpoint

(
p
a
r
a
b
o
l
i
c

H
1

,

L

1
,
∞

)

(parabolic\; H^1, L^{1,\infty })

mapping properties of the maximal operators

M

H

\mathrm {M}_H

associated with a certain class of possibly non-smooth hypersurfaces, i.e.,
\[

M

H

f
(
x
)
=

sup

r
>
0

|

∫

R

d

f

(

x
−
(
y
,
γ
(
y
)
)

)

r

−
d

ψ
(

r

−
1

y
)

d
y
|

,

\mathrm {M}_Hf(x)=\sup _{r>0}\left |\int _{\mathbb {R}^d} f\big {(}x-(y,\gamma (y))\big {)} r^{-d} \psi (r^{-1}y)\,dy \right |,

\]
where the function

γ
:

R

d

→

R

\gamma : \mathbb {R}^d \rightarrow \mathbb {R}

satisfies some singularity conditions over a certain subset of

R

d

\mathbb {R}^d

and

γ
(
t
y
)
=

t
m

γ
(
y
)

\gamma (t y)=t^m \gamma (y)

for each

t
>
0

t>0

where

m
>
0

m>0

.
MetaDCN: meta-analysis framework for differential co-expression network detection with an application in breast cancer
Authors: Zhu Li , Ding Ying , Chen Cho-Yi , Wang Lin , Huo Zhiguang , Kim SungHwan , Sotiriou Christos , Oesterreich Steffi , Tseng George C 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Motivation
Gene co-expression network analysis from transcriptomic studies can elucidate gene–gene interactions and regulatory mechanisms. Differential co-expression analysis helps further detect alterations of regulatory activities in case/control comparison. Co-expression networks estimated from single transcriptomic study is often unstable and not generalizable due to cohort bias and limited sample size. With the rapid accumulation of publicly available transcriptomic studies, co-expression analysis combining multiple transcriptomic studies can provide more accurate and robust results.

Results
In this paper, we propose a meta-analytic framework for detecting differentially co-expressed networks (MetaDCN). Differentially co-expressed seed modules are first detected by optimizing an energy function via simulated annealing. Basic modules sharing common pathways are merged into pathway-centric supermodules and a Cytoscape plug-in (MetaDCNExplorer) is developed to visualize and explore the findings. We applied MetaDCN to two breast cancer applications: ER+/ER- comparison using five training and three testing studies, and ILC/IDC comparison with two training and two testing studies. We identified 20 and 4 supermodules for ER+/ER- and ILC/IDC comparisons, respectively. Ranking atop are ‘immune response pathway’ and ‘complement cascades pathway’ for ER comparison, and ‘extracellular matrix pathway’ for ILC/IDC comparison. Without the need for prior information, the results from MetaDCN confirm existing as well as discover novel disease mechanisms in a systems manner.

Availability and Implementation
R package ‘MetaDCN’ and Cytoscape App ‘MetaDCNExplorer’ are available at http://tsenglab.biostat.pitt.edu/software.htm.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Dosing Guidance for Intravenous Colistin in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Nation Roger L. , Garonzik Samira M. , Thamlikitkul Visanu , Giamarellos-Bourboulis Evangelos J. , Forrest Alan , Paterson David L. , Li Jian , Silveira Fernanda P. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Background.
Intravenous colistin is difficult to use because plasma concentrations for antibacterial effect overlap those causing nephrotoxicity, and there is large interpatient variability in pharmacokinetics. The aim was to develop dosing algorithms for achievement of a clinically desirable average steady-state plasma colistin concentration (Css,avg) of 2 mg/L.

Methods.
Plasma concentration-time data from 214 adult critically ill patients (creatinine clearance, 0–236 mL/min; 29 receiving renal replacement therapy [RRT]) were subjected to population pharmacokinetic analysis. Development of an algorithm for patients not receiving RRT was based on the relationship between the dose of colistimethate that would be needed to achieve a desired Css,avg and creatinine clearance. The increase in colistin clearance when patients were receiving RRT was determined from the population analysis and guided the supplemental dosing needed. To balance potential antibacterial benefit against risk of nephrotoxicity the algorithms were designed to achieve target attainment rates of &gt;80% for Css,avg ≥2 and &lt;30% for Css,avg ≥4 mg/L.

Results.
When algorithm doses were applied back to individual patients not receiving RRT (including those prescribed intermittent dialysis on a nondialysis day), &gt;80% of patients with creatinine clearance &lt;80 mL/min achieved Css,avg ≥2 mg/L, but for patients with creatinine clearance ≥80 mL/min, the target attainment was &lt;40%, even with the maximum allowed daily dose of 360 mg colistin base activity. For patients receiving RRT, target attainment rates were &gt;80% with the proposed supplemental dosing. In all categories of patients, &lt;30% of patients attained Css,avg ≥4 mg/L.

Conclusions.
The project has generated clinician-friendly dosing algorithms and pointed to circumstances in which intravenous monotherapy may be inadequate.
Partner Bereavement and Risk of Herpes Zoster: Results from Two Population-Based Case-Control Studies in Denmark and the United Kingdom
Authors: Schmidt Sigrun A. J. , Vestergaard Mogens , Pedersen Henrik S. , Schønheyder Henrik C. , Thomas Sara L. , Smeeth Liam , Mansfield Kathryn E. , Sørensen Henrik T. , Forbes Harriet J. , Langan Sinéad M. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Background.
Psychological stress is commonly thought to increase the risk of herpes zoster by causing immunosuppression. However, epidemiological studies on the topic are sparse and inconsistent. We conducted 2 parallel case-control studies of the association between partner bereavement and risk of zoster using electronic healthcare data covering the entire Danish population and general practices in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

Methods.
We included patients with a zoster diagnosis from the primary care or hospital-based setting in 1997–2013 in Denmark (n = 190671) and 2000–2013 in the United Kingdom (n = 150207). We matched up to 4 controls to each case patient by age, sex, and general practice (United Kingdom only) using risk-set sampling. The date of diagnosis was the index date for case patients and their controls. We computed adjusted odds ratios with 99% confidence intervals for previous bereavement among case patients versus controls using conditional logistic regression with results from the 2 settings pooled using random-effects meta-analysis.

Results.
Overall, the adjusted odds ratios for the association between partner bereavement and zoster were 1.05 (99% confidence interval, 1.03–1.07) in Denmark and 1.01 (.98–1.05) in the United Kingdom. The pooled estimates were 0.72, 0.90, 1.10, 1.08, 1.02, 1.04, and 1.03 for bereavement within 0–7, 8–14, 15–30, 31–90, 91–365, 366–1095, and &gt;1095 days before the index date, respectively.

Conclusions.
We found no consistent evidence of an increased risk of zoster after partner death. Initial fluctuations in estimates may be explained by delayed healthcare contact due to the loss.