bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paving the way for lowering embodied carbon emissions in the building and construction sector
Authors: Amarasinghe Isuri , Liu Tingting , Stewart Rodney A. , Mostafa Sherif 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe building and construction sector is one of the main sectors contributing to carbon emissions around the globe. Current emission reduction initiatives in the building and construction industry have largely lowered the share of operational carbon (OC) emissions in the project’s life cycle emissions. Achieving embodied carbon (EC) emission reductions is essential for decarbonising the sector. This study adopts a comprehensive literature review and expert interviews with key industry practitioners to identify the barriers to lowering EC emissions in the building and construction sector and to propose strategies and actions to overcome the identified barriers and further facilitate the uptake of EC considerations. The results show that the barriers fall under four categories, organisational, financial, regulatory and policy, and methodological and data availability. The study proposes the following strategies for lowering EC emissions: (1) embedding carbon reduction targets into an organisation’s strategy, (2) implementing regulations and policies, (3) integrating digital technologies for EC assessment, (4) encouraging cross-disciplinary coordination, (5) building capacity and capability, and (6) encouraging R&D initiatives. The study provides important insights into the strategies to be adopted to reduce EC emissions. Finally, an evidence-based framework is proposed to offer useful references for professionals and decision-makers in the building and construction sector when planning and implementing EC reduction strategies.
Graphical Abstract
Intrahousehold Resource Allocation and Child Food Poverty in the United States
Authors: Liang Wanqi , Li Wenying , Li Qingxiao , Zhao Shuoli 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntrahousehold inequality, characterized by an uneven distribution of resources and bargaining power, can lead to disparities in access to food among household members. Utilizing the U.S. Consumer Expenditure Survey (CES) within a collective household framework, this study empirically estimates intrahousehold resource allocation in the U.S., with a specific emphasis on the resource shares allocated to children. Based on our findings, we introduce an individual-based metric for food poverty that highlights the affordability of a healthy meal in multi-child households, offering an alternative to the currently used survey-based measure. We show that the resource shares for children decrease significantly as the number of children in a household increases. Using this individual-based metric alongside USDA food plans as a reference, we find that nearly half of the food-poor children reside in households with incomes that exceed the eligibility thresholds for food assistance programs. These findings suggest the need to develop support strategies that consider a broader spectrum of household attributes.
Seasonal variation of groundwater quality in a basement complex geology of Ado Ekiti Nigeria using water quality index model
Authors: Kayode M. O. , Tomori W. B. , Okoronkwo E. A. , Adiat K. A. N. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAdo Ekiti is one of the Southwestern regions in Nigeria underlained with basement complex geology. Urbanization and growing population leading to increase in various activities are dominant contributors of groundwater pollutants in the area which affect the hydrological system. The research aimed to determine the suitability of groundwater for consumption and domestic uses and also provide information about groundwater quality in bedrock lithologies using water quality index. Samples were taken from two major sources, boreholes and wells, covering all of the study area's major lithologies. The number of samples was based on the spread of the individual rock with charnockites having 15 samples, porphyritic having 47 samples, migmatite having 37, and undifferentiated granite having the least with 5 samples. Analysis of some of the water parameters such as hydrogen ion concentration (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), Salinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and dissolved oxygen (Do) was done in situ using standard equipment while other were determined using standard methods in the laboratory. The results underwent descriptive statistical analysis to determine the mean, minimum, maximum, standard deviation, and variance. The variance in the result showed the different interactions of the host rock and the groundwater. The groundwater was a little acidic in majority of the water samples in all the rock types. The mean values of EC, TDS, DO, alkalinity, and turbidity were mostly within the WHO acceptable limit except for total hardness (TH) which recorded high mean values in almost all the rock types. The ion concentration revealed that calcium and magnesium ions were dominant in the cationic species while phosphate and chloride ions were dominant in the anionic species. This indicates the geogenic origin and a reflection of bedrock dissolution as a result of the water and underlying rock interaction. Water quality index values were gotten and characterized into; excellent, very good, good, poor, very poor, and unfit for drinking. Differential weathering, influenced by differences in mineralogical and chemical composition, occurs within each rock unit, leading to localized groundwater occurrence and variations in the chemistry of groundwater based on geological formations. The water quality was observed to be mostly poor in all the rock types which may be attributed to the near to ground protective capacity of the basement complex.
Student preferences over module design
Authors: Fullard Joshua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this paper we use new experimental data to investigate students’ preferences regarding lecture mode and length, and assessment type across two unique dimensions: expected learning and enjoyment. Our main findings are as follows: first, students demonstrate a strong preference against online lectures. Students expect to learn more from, and enjoy, modules that have in-person lectures. Given that one-third of lectures in UK universities are now taught online—up from 4 percent before the pandemic—these results indicate a misalignment with students’ preferences. Second, students favour shorter lectures (1 h) over longer lectures (2 h). Students do not expect to learn more from longer lectures—suggesting diminishing expected marginal returns. Third, students prefer individual assignments to exams. Students expect to enjoy and learn more from modules that have individual assignments (as opposed to exams). These findings are robust across two samples of university students.
Aggression in aquatic environments and its relevance in aquaculture and conservation efforts
Authors: Mushtaq Syed Talia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFish population dynamics, stock assessment and overall productivity of aquaculture environments are all significantly impacted by aggressive interactions within fish populations. The purpose of this review is to examine the major determinants of aggression, such as the physical characteristics of the fish themselves, social complexity, the presence of prospective rivals, and environmental factors. This article offers a thorough analysis of the state of the art regarding fish aggression. The effects of aggression on vital functions like feeding effectiveness, growth performance, health status, death rates, and reproductive success are examined in depth. The review also assesses the use of pheromones, light modification, and environmental enrichment as management strategies to reduce antagonism in aquaculture settings. Finally, the pressing need for additional study to create novel and efficient approaches to control and avoid aggression in aquaculture has been emphasized on. Researchers, aquaculture professionals, and fish welfare advocates who want to comprehend the complicated behaviour of aggression in fish and its broader implications for aquaculture and conservation may find this thorough overview helpful.
Mobility patterns of rare earth elements in diagenetically altered vitric tuff shaped by illite-smectite
Authors: Šegvić Branimir , Badurina Luka , Braga Adriano E. , Mandic Oleg , Werts Kevin , Doyle Emily , Slovenec Damir , Marković Frane , Slivšek Goran , Demir Vedad 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The mobility of rare-earth elements (REE) in low-grade diagenetic regimes, potentially leading to their clay-mediated fractionation, remains poorly understood. This study draws evidence from the argillitized Miocene tuff of the Southwestern Pannonian Basin (SPB) and adjacent Dinarides intramontane basins (DIB) to investigate the role of illite-smectite (I-S) in controlling early diagenetic REE behavior. The present research relies on detailed mineralogical, geochemical, and gas adsorption characterization of altered tuff, focusing on comparative analyses of the REE chemistry obtained by in situ laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry of glass shards and that of spatially related authigenic clay minerals. The depositional environment, in which the volcanic glass alteration took place, gave rise to the composition of secondary paragenesis, revealing a dominance of I-S. The normalized REE geochemistry of clay separates show similarities to unaltered glass, but notable differences indicate fluctuations in fluid/rock ratio environments. The redox conditions during glass alteration are reflected in Ce and Eu anomalies and indicate the ranges from oxic to anoxic across the analyzed tuffs. The results showed that I-S, formed through volcanic glass diagenesis, inherits magmatic REE signatures but also fractionates REE based on more reducing physiochemical conditions. The strong correlation between smectite content of I-S and a total budget of fractionated REE posits the smectite interlayers as prime factors controlling the REE fractionation during volcanic ash diagenesis. Furthermore, greater specific surface area values and development of slit-shaped porosity along the non-basal edges of I-S particles contributed to REE adsorption. These findings contribute to our understanding of REE behavior in low-temperature diagenetic environments, emphasizing the significance of clay minerals in retaining and fractionating these elements which may lead ultimately to the formation of economically viable ion-adsorption clay deposits.
Institutional carriers of values: Exploring values entrenchment strategies of founders and next-generation leaders in family businesses
Authors: Kupangwa Welcome , Venter Elmarie , Farrington Shelley Maeva 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study aims to provide insights into the values entrenchment strategies that indigenous Black founders and next-generation (NextGen) leaders use in their efforts to entrench values into their family businesses. The study uses a qualitative methodology and an inductive approach, and draws on seven indigenous African family business cases operating in various industries within the services sector. Our findings show that founders and NextGen leaders use explicit and implicit carriers as they strive to entrench values in their family businesses. It was established that these leaders are influential institutional constituents who contribute to entrenching values into the family business and, by doing so, shape institutional knowledge. Our study contributes to family business literature by extending the founder centrality to include that of the NextGen leaders in values entrenchment, explaining how these leaders articulate their personal and family values and how they seek to translate them into family business values.
Parameterizing Spatial Weight Matrices in Spatial Econometric Models
Authors: Tan Chang , Kesina Michaela , Elhorst J. Paul 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSpatial econometric models allow for interactions among cross-sectional units through spatial weight matrices. This paper parameterizes each spatial weight matrix in the widely used spatial Durbin model with a different instead of one common distance decay parameter, using negative exponential and inverse distance matrices. We propose a joint estimation approach of the decay and response parameters, and we investigate its performance in a Monte Carlo simulation experiment. We also present the results of an empirical application on military expenditures. Indirect effects in particular appear to be sensitive to different parameterizations.
DECOMPOSITION OF THE JACOBIAN OF SOME TWISTS OF A GENUS
$2$
CURVE
Authors: JEONG KEUNYOUNG , KWON YEONG-WOOK , PARK JUNYEONG 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Cardona and Lario [‘Twists of the genus 2 curve

$y^2 = x^6+1$

’, J. Number Theory209 (2020), 195–211] gave a complete classification of the twists of the curve

$y^2 = x^6+1$

. In this paper, we study the twists of the curve whose automorphism group is defined over a biquadratic extension of the rationals. If the twists are of type B or C in the Cardona–Lario classification, we find a pair of elliptic curves whose product is isogenous with the Jacobian of the twist.
Voting for war, to secure peace: weaponising the Tigray 2020 election in Ethiopia
Authors: Tronvoll Kjetil 
Published: October 2024

AbstractElections in divided societies and in countries undergoing political transitions are precarious events. Hastened democratisation may ignite inter-communal antagonism and mobilise voters for conflict. Sub-national elections are even more prone to challenge national policies to defend regional autonomy and self-determination. The relationship between the Tigray Peoples' Liberation Front (TPLF) and the Ethiopian Federal government had been deteriorating since the coming to power of Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed in 2018. It was formally breached in September 2020 when the TPLF insisted on organising a separate regional election in Tigray in defiance of the federal government's decision to postpone national elections due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to one of Africa's most devastating civil wars in modern times. In the pursuit of democratic legitimacy, and conversely consciously framing the federal government as non-democratic, the TPLF ‘weaponised’ the election. This article analyses the process leading up to the decision to conduct separate elections in Tigray, its conduct and result. The analysis demonstrates how elections and the contestation to claim a democratic legitimacy in transition countries may contribute to a politics of violence, ultimately leading to war.
Hospitalizations and emergency attendance averted by influenza vaccination in Victoria, Australia, 2017 – 2019
Authors: Pendrey Catherine G. A. , Khvorov Arseniy , Nghiem Son , Rahaman Md R. , Strachan Janet , Sullivan Sheena G 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Seasonal influenza epidemics result in high levels of healthcare utilization. Vaccination is an effective strategy to reduce the influenza-related burden of disease. However, reporting vaccine effectiveness does not convey the population impacts of influenza vaccination. We aimed to calculate the burden of influenza-related hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) attendance averted by influenza vaccination in Victoria, Australia, from 2017 to 2019, and associated economic savings. We applied a compartmental model to hospitalizations and ED attendances with influenza-specific, and pneumonia and influenza (P&I) with the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10-AM) diagnostic codes of J09-J11 and J09-J18, respectively. We estimated an annual average of 7657 (120 per 100000 population) hospitalizations and 20560 (322 per 100000 population) ED attendances over the study period, associated with A$85 million hospital expenditure. We estimated that influenza vaccination averted an annual average of 1182 [range: 556 – 2277] hospitalizations and 3286 [range: 1554 – 6257] ED attendances and reduced the demand for healthcare services at the influenza season peak. This equated to approximately A13 [range: A6 – A25] million of savings over the study period. Calculating the burden averted is feasible in Australia and auseful approach to demonstrate the health and economic benefits of influenza vaccination.
Executive function deficits in congenital heart surgical patients: prevalence and timing of presentation
Authors: Hasselman Ty Elliot , Marriott Kara T. , Verda Michele , Zumpf Katelyn B. , McGraw Kristin E. , Hasselman Anna Marie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground:Congenital heart patients undergoing congenital heart surgery in the first year of life are at high risk of having a neurodevelopmental disorder. The most common difficulties are related to executive functioning. The following questions were assessed in the current project: Are patients having congenital heart surgery after one year of life at lower risk for neurodevelopmental disorders? At what age do executive function deficits manifest?Methods:We evaluated executive function in four groups of congenital heart patients who had undergone congenital heart surgery. These groups were high-risk patients with and without a genetic syndrome associated with a neurodevelopmental disorder and low-risk patients with and without a genetic syndrome associated with a neurodevelopmental disorder. We evaluated executive function using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function – Preschool Version, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-2, and Minnesota Executive Function Scale at various ages. We compared the rates of executive function deficits in the high- and low-risk groups as well as compared that to the published norms for age. We also assessed at what age these deficits become apparent.Conclusion:We found that both high- and low-risk groups had higher levels of executive functioning deficits compared to the norms for age. The low-risk group’s degree of executive function deficits appeared a little lower than the high-risk group. However, it was difficult to comment on the statistical significance. We also saw that executive function deficits often do not become apparent for many years after surgery. This finding highlights the need for continued evaluation of functioning as these kids mature.
Assessment of foods for infants and toddlers in Australia against the World Health Organization’s Nutrient and Promotion Profile Model for food products for infants and young children
Authors: Chung Alexandra , Torkel Sophia , Myers Judith , Skouteris Helen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Global public health agencies have recommended stronger regulation of food marketing to protect children’s diets. This study assessed commercial foods for infants and toddlers available in Australian supermarkets for compliance with the World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe’s Nutrient and Promotion Profile Model: supporting appropriate promotion of food products for infants and young children 6–36 months in the WHO European Region (NPPM).

Design:
Dietitians assessed a sample of commercial foods for infants and toddlers against the composition, labelling and promotion requirements of the NPPM.

Setting:
Australia.

Participants:
Commercial foods for infants and toddlers (n 45) available in two major Australian supermarkets, purposely sampled across product categories and brands.

Results:
Fewer than one quarter (23 %) of the assessed products met all nutrient content requirements of the NPPM. No products met all of the labelling or promotional requirements. All products included at least one promotional marketing claim that was not permitted under the NPPM.

Conclusions:
The NPPM is useful to assess and monitor the nutritional composition and prevalence of marketing claims on commercial foods for infants and toddlers. Findings of noncompliance with the NPPM recommendations indicate an urgent need for stronger government regulation of the composition, labelling and marketing of commercial foods for infants and toddlers in Australia.
‘The company is using the credibility of our profession’: exploring experiences and perspectives of registered dietitians from Canada about their interactions with commercial actors using semi-structured interviews
Authors: Hamel Virginie , Mialon Mélissa , Moubarac Jean-Claude 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective:
To gain insight into the experiences and perspectives of registered dietitians (RD) in Canada regarding their interactions with commercial actors and actions undertaken to manage these interactions.

Design:
Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews combined with a document analysis.

Setting:
Quebec, Canada

Participants:
RD aged ≥ 18 years (n 18)

Results:
All participants reported interacting with commercial actors during their careers, such as receiving continuing education provided or sponsored by food companies. RD in Quebec perceive these interactions as either trivial or acceptable, depending on the commercial actor or interaction type. Participants discussed how certain interactions could represent a threat to the credibility and public trust in dietitians, among other risks. They also discussed the benefits of these interactions, such as the possibility for professionals to improve the food supply and public health by sharing their knowledge and expertise. Participants reported ten mechanisms used to manage interactions with commercial actors, such as following a code of ethics (individual level) and policies such as partnerships policy (institutional level). Finally, RD also stressed the need for training and more explicit and specific tools for managing interactions with commercial actors.

Conclusions:
RD in Quebec, Canada, may engage with commercial actors in their profession and hold nuanced perspectives on this matter. While some measures are in place to regulate these interactions, they are neither standardised nor evaluated for their effectiveness. To maintain the public’s trust in RD, promoting awareness and developing training on this issue is essential.
The impact of food aid interventions on food insecurity, diet quality and mental health in households with children in high-income countries: a systematic review
Authors: Stahacz Charlotte , Alwan Nisreen A , Taylor Elizabeth , Smith Dianna , Ziauddeen Nida 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Households with children accessing food aid in high-income countries are often food insecure. We aimed to review the evidence on food aid interventions in households with children and impact on food insecurity, diet quality and mental health.

Design:
A systematic search was conducted using Web of Science, MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO. Articles published from January 2008 to July 2022 including cross-sectional, cohort and interventional studies in high-income countries were eligible.

Setting:
Food aid is defined as the use of interventions providing free food items by community and/or charitable organisations.

Participants:
Two-parent, lone parent or households with a primary caregiver with at least one child ≤ 18 years.

Results:
From a total of 10 394 articles, nine were included. Food banks, mobile pantry combined with a free meal for children, backpack provision during school term and food parcel home delivery interventions were evaluated. Food bank models offering additional support such as community programmes, health and social services, cooking classes and free meals for children, client-choice-based models and programmes providing convenient access were associated with improved food security and diet quality (increased intake of wholegrains, fruit and vegetables). One study reported an improvement in mental health and food bank access at the end of 18 months but not at earlier timepoints and one study reported no change in parents’ mental health.

Conclusions:
Accessing food aid was linked to improved diet quality and reduced food insecurity in some studies. Allowing clients to choose food items and providing support services were most effective.