bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of the first transcriptional activator of an archaellum operon in a euryarchaeon
Authors: Ding Yan , Nash John , Berezuk Alison , Khursigara Cezar M. , Langelaan David N. , Smith Steven P. , Jarrell Ken F. 
Published: June 2016

SummaryThe archaellum is the swimming organelle of the third domain, the Archaea. In the euryarchaeon Methanococcus maripaludis, genes involved in archaella formation, including the three archaellins flaB1, flaB2 and flaB3, are mainly located in the fla operon. Previous studies have shown that transcription of fla genes and expression of Fla proteins are regulated under different growth conditions. In this study, we identify MMP1718 as the first transcriptional activator that directly regulates the fla operon in M. maripaludis. Mutants carrying an in‐frame deletion in mmp1718 did not express FlaB2 detected by western blotting. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis of purified RNA from the Δmmp1718 mutant showed that transcription of flaB2 was negligible compared to wildtype cells. In addition, no archaella were observed on the cell surface of the Δmmp1718 mutant. FlaB2 expression and archaellation were restored when the Δmmp1718 mutant was complemented with mmp1718 in trans. Electrophoretic motility shift assay and isothermal titration calorimetry results demonstrated the specific binding of purified MMP1718 to DNA fragments upstream of the fla promoter. Four 6 bp consensus sequences were found immediately upstream of the fla promoter and are considered the putative MMP1718‐binding sites. Herein, we designate MMP1718 as EarA, the first euryarchaeal archaellum regulator.
Hyperchloremic acidosis is associated with acute kidney injury after abdominal surgery
Authors: Toyonaga Yosuke , Kikura Mutsuhito 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAimHyperchloremic acidosis may have an important role as a precursor of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the hyperchloremic environment induced by chloride‐rich fluids, but this remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that hyperchloremic acidosis assessed by the Stewart approach is associated with postoperative AKI.MethodsA historical cohort study was conducted in adult patients who had normal renal function preoperatively and required admission to the intensive care unit after elective abdominal surgery. The Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of kidney function, End stage kidney disease (RIFLE) classification was used for definition of AKI.ResultsOf 206 patients (144 male, 69.9%) included in the study, 42 (20.4%) had postoperative AKI (AKI group) and 164 (79.6%) did not (non‐AKI group). Base excess‐chloride (BE‐Cl) and strong ion difference (SID, approximated as Na‐Cl) decreased, and the chloride level on postoperative day 1 increased compared with preoperative values in both groups (P < 0.05). In the AKI group, BE‐Cl and SID were lower, and chloride was higher than in the non‐AKI group (P < 0.05). The intraoperative load of chloride ions in fluids increased the risk of postoperative AKI (P < 0.01). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, postoperative BE‐Cl < −7 mEq/L (i.e. SID <31 mEq/L) was an independent risk factor for AKI (odds ratio; 2.8, 95% CI; 1.2–6.4, P = 0.01). In the AKI group, stays in the intensive care unit and in hospital were longer than those in the non‐AKI group (P < 0.05).ConclusionHyperchloremic acidosis is associated with postoperative AKI, and this may be attenuated by reducing the intraoperative chloride load.
Evaluation of esophageal distensibility in eosinophilic esophagitis: an update and comparison of functional lumen imaging probe analytic methods
Authors: Carlson D. A. , Lin Z. , Hirano I. , Gonsalves N. , Zalewski A. , Pandolfino J. E. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundDistensibility evaluation of the esophageal body using the functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) offers an objective measure to characterize patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), though this analysis may be limited by unrecognized catheter movement and esophageal contractility. The aims of this study were to report novel FLIP analytic methods of esophageal distensibility measurement in EoE and to assess the effect of contractility.MethodsNine healthy controls (six female; ages 20–49) and 20 EoE patients (four female; ages 19–64; grouped by degree of distension‐mediated contractility identified on FLIP) were evaluated with a 16‐cm FLIP device during step‐wise balloon distension during upper endoscopy. A distensibility plateau (DP) was generated using multiple methods to identify the narrowest esophageal body diameter: (i) wavelet decomposition (WD), (ii) maximal diameter (MD), and (iii) FLIP Analytics software.Key ResultsDistensibility was reduced in EoE patients compared with controls using the WD (p = 0.002) and MD (p = 0.001) methods; a trend was detected using the FLIP Analytics method (p = 0.055). Significant intra‐subject differences were detected between methods among both patients and controls (p‐values <0.001 to 0.025); the difference was more pronounced among subjects with a greater degree of contractility. DP was <19 mm among 7/9 controls with FLIP Analytics, 6/9 controls with WD, and 0/9 controls using the MD method.Conclusions & InferencesDistension‐mediated contractility affects distensibility measurement with the FLIP. Using software‐based algorithms, particularly with a method that identifies the maximal‐achieved diameters (MD), may improve objective distensibility measurement for clinical research and practice.
Comparison of Quality Measures for Building Outline Extraction
Authors: Potůčková Markéta , Hofman Petr 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTo date, numerous automatic building detection methods using lidar data have been developed. However, in most cases the parameters used for the evaluation of the results are not specified, accuracy assessment results cannot be readily compared or no result evaluation is performed at all. In this study, accuracy assessment aspects have been analysed in order to find a generally applicable approach for the comparison of building outline extraction methods. An area‐based evaluation of accuracy has been selected as the most suitable due to its robustness, predictability and comparability between datasets. This assessment can be further supplemented with both object‐ and area‐based evaluations, procured solely with those buildings that were classified as true positives, in order to interpret the extraction results in more detail. In cases where a reference dataset of superior quality (such as low‐altitude aerial imagery) is available, an absolute accuracy evaluation is also relevant.
A multi‐scale plane‐detection method based on the Hough transform and region growing
Authors: Leng Xiaoxu , Xiao Jun , Wang Ying 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe detection of planes from 3D point clouds plays an important role in fields such as 3D modelling, rock mechanics, registration and robotics. A multi‐scale plane‐detection method is proposed, based on extracting growth units using the Hough transform and subsequent region growing into actual plane boundaries. Because the approximate geometric features of the original plane area can be obtained from the growth units, discriminant conditions for adaptive plane growing could be provided for the growing stage. In order to detect physical planes at different scales, a strategy of multi‐scale normal estimation is introduced. Simulated icosahedron point clouds, together with actual engineering point clouds, were used to test the performance of the proposed method. Experimental results show that planar point clouds could be detected effectively, especially with rock‐mass engineering applications.
Monitoring of a Laboratory‐Scale Inland‐Delta Formation using a Structured‐Light System
Authors: Akca Devrim , Seybold Hansjörg 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA reduced complexity model, which simulates the process of fluvial inland‐delta formation, has been developed in a previous study. The results have been compared and validated with a laboratory experiment. This work elaborates the laboratory investigation in which an experimental inland delta is generated and its eroding topography is measured using a structured‐light 3D scanner. The least squares 3D (LS3D) co‐registration and comparison method is used for alignment as well as for comparing data epochs both spatially and temporally. A spatial precision value of around ±50 μm (1/20 000) is achieved. A series of high‐quality digital elevation models (DEMs) are generated and the space‐time evolution of the inland delta is monitored and analysed, in terms of slope and topography dynamics, in the consecutive DEM layers. The combination of high‐resolution scanning together with high‐precision co‐registration techniques allows investigation of the details of the space‐time variability of the sedimentation‐deposition patterns to be used for geomorphological analysis.
Vaccines for bovine neosporosis: current status and key aspects for development
Authors: Horcajo P. , Regidor‐Cerrillo J. , Aguado‐Martínez A. , Hemphill A. , Ortega‐Mora L. M. 
Published: June 2016

SummaryBovine neosporosis is a worldwide concern due to its global distribution and great economic impact. Reproductive failure in cattle due to abortion leads to major economic losses associated with the disease. Currently, there is no treatment or vaccine available against abortion or transmission caused byNeospora caninuminfection in cattle. However, vaccination is considered the best measure of control against bovine neosporosis. Several host and parasite factors can influence the dynamics of the infection in bovines. Moreover, the availability of well‐defined infection models is a key factor for the evaluation of vaccine candidates. However, working with cattle is not easy due to difficult handling, facilities and costs, and therefore, ‘more affordable’ models could be used for screening of promising vaccines to establish proof of concept. So far, live‐attenuated vaccines have shown good efficacy against exogenous transplacental transmission; however, they have relevant disadvantages and associated risks, which render inactivated or subunit vaccines the best way forward. The identification of novel potential targets and vaccines, and the application of innovative vaccine technologies in harmonized experimental animal models, will accelerate the development of an effective vaccine against bovine neosporosis.
Effects of continuous and intermittent exercise on executive function in children aged 8–10 years
Authors: Lambrick Danielle , Stoner Lee , Grigg Rebecca , Faulkner James 
Published: June 2016

AbstractUnderstanding the effects of acute exercise on executive function in prepubescent children may be important for the enhancement of school performance. This study assessed the effect of an acute bout of continuous (CONT) or intermittent (INT), moderate‐intensity treadmill exercise on executive function in young children. Twenty healthy children, mean (SD); age: 8.8 (0.8) years; height: 140 (9) cm; weight: 36 (11) kg; boys: n = 9, performed a graded‐exercise test to determine maximal oxygen uptake, and two 15‐min submaximal bouts of treadmill exercise; protocols were either CONT or INT. During CONT, participants ran at 90% of gas exchange threshold. During INT, participants performed six consecutive 2.5 min blocks of exercise, which were designed to reflect children's typical activity patterns, comprising 45 s at a heavy intensity, 33 s at a moderate intensity, 10 s at a severe intensity, and 62 s at a low intensity. Participants performed the Stroop task before the submaximal exercise bouts and after, at 1‐, 15‐, and 30‐min intervals. Near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measured cerebral perfusion and oxygenation. Regardless of condition, Stroop performance was improved at 1 min after compared to before, 54.9 (9.8) s versus 57.9 (11) s, respectively, p < .01, and improvements were maintained until 30 min after. NIRS (oxyhemoglobin, total hemoglobin) explained a significant amount of variance in the change in Stroop performance for INT only (49%, p < .05). An acute bout of exercise, of either an intermittent or continuous nature, improves executive function in children, and effects are maintained for ≤ 30 min following exercise cessation. Accordingly, it is recommended that children should engage in physical activity during periods of school recess.
Testing the Core‐competency Model of Multi‐product Exporters
Authors: Eckel Carsten , Iacovone Leonardo , Javorcik Beata , Neary J. Peter 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe review the implications of the “core‐competence” model of multi‐product firms, including the “market‐size puzzle”: for most countries, the world market is much larger than the home market, while the costs of accessing foreign markets are relatively low; hence the model predicts that most domestic firms should export more of their core products than they sell domestically; yet, in practice, we do not observe this. Extending the model to allow for investment in export market penetration resolves the puzzle and Mexican data confirm its predictions: in particular, only the largest firms exhibit the dominance of exports over home sales.
Access to dental care for people with bleeding disorders: survey results of hemophilia treatment centers in the U.S.
Authors: Schaffer Rebecca , Duong Mai‐Ly , Wachter Benjamin , Arana Erika , Frances Denise 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTAimThe goal of this project was to gather data and identify factors affecting access to dental care for people with bleeding disorders in the U.S.MethodsThe Arizona School of Dentistry & Oral Health and the National Hemophilia Foundation conducted a joint survey. The survey was completed by 102 of the 147 hemophilia treatment centers (HTCs) in the U.S. This represents 69% of the HTCs in the country. Each HTC provided specific information concerning the dental services and education provided for patients.ResultsSurvey results revealed inconsistent levels of oral health services available to patients. Major factors limiting access to care include finances, patient anxiety with respect to dental treatment and a lack of providers with the skills to treat this population.ConclusionImprovement in oral health for persons with bleeding disorders requires appropriate education for providers, patients and families. Additionally, both public and private health funding must be re‐evaluated as it relates to people with bleeding disorders.
Siglec‐7 Defines a Highly Functional Natural Killer Cell Subset and Inhibits Cell‐Mediated Activities
Authors: Shao J.‐Y. , Yin W.‐W. , Zhang Q.‐F. , Liu Q. , Peng M.‐L. , Hu H.‐D. , Hu P. , Ren H. , Zhang D.‐Z. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSialic acid‐binding immunoglobulin‐like lectin‐7 (Siglec‐7) is an inhibitory receptor expressed on natural killer (NK) cells. In this study, we investigated the relationship between Siglec‐7 expression and NK cell functions. Siglec‐7 was highly expressed on NK cells and was preferentially expressed by mature NK cells from peripheral blood of healthy adults. Siglec‐7+ NK cells displayed higher levels of activating receptors CD38, CD16, DNAM1, NKp30 and NKp46, but lower levels of inhibitory receptors such as NKG2A and CD158b, compared with Siglec‐7– NK cells. Functional tests showed that Siglec‐7+ NK cells displayed more CD107a degranulation and IFN‐γ production than Siglec‐7– NK cells. Siglec‐7 inhibited NK cell functions when interacting with specific antibodies. These data suggest that Siglec‐7 defines a highly functional NK cell subset and suppresses NK cell‐mediated functions when cross‐linked with specific antibodies.
Evaluation of dermoscopy in the diagnosis of naturally occurring dermatophytosis in cats
Authors: Dong Charli , Angus John , Scarampella Fabia , Neradilek Moni 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundA rapid, accurate screening test for dermatophytosis in cats is desirable in clinical and shelter medicine. In human dermatology, dermoscopy is used to identify dermatophyte‐infected hairs by their characteristic comma hair appearance. Similar “comma‐like” hairs have been observed in infected cats.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of dermoscopy for the diagnosis of naturally occurring dermatophytosis compared to fungal culture.AnimalsA total of 67 cats were enrolled.MethodsThis was a descriptive field study. All cats were evaluated by dermoscopy and fungal culture. Dermoscopy was performed with a hand held nonpolarized light dermoscope.ResultsThree dermatophyte pathogens were isolated via fungal cultures in 36 cats: Microsporum canis (n = 31), Microsporum gypseum (n = 3) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (n = 2). Dermoscopy was positive in 21 of 36 cats with culture‐confirmed dermatophytosis.Conclusions and clinical importanceDermoscopy may be a useful point‐of care‐test to identify infected hairs to sample for dermatophyte cultures, but a definitive diagnosis for dermatophytosis should be based on clinical signs and the results of multiple diagnostic tests.
High-Quality Draft Genome Sequences of Pantoea agglomerans Isolates Exhibiting Antagonistic Interactions with Wheat Seed-Associated Fungi
Authors: Town Jennifer , Links Matt , Dumonceaux Tim J. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

Pantoea agglomerans
isolates 3 and 4 were retrieved from the bacterial community associated with wheat seeds. These isolates differ in their pattern of growth antagonism toward
Alternaria
species. A comparison of the genome sequences of these two isolates revealed a high sequence identity with previously sequenced strains of
P. agglomerans
.
Genome Sequences of Four Strains of Mycobacterium avium subsp.
hominissuis,
Isolated from Swine and Humans, Differing in Virulence in a Murine Intranasal Infection Model
Authors: Bruffaerts N. , Vluggen C. , Duytschaever L. , Mathys V. , Saegerman C. , Chapeira O. , Huygen K. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

This paper announces the genome sequences of four strains of
Mycobacterium avium
subsp.
hominissuis
, isolated from cases of lymphadenopathy in swine and humans, differing in virulence in a murine intranasal infection model.
Genome Sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Double-Stranded RNA Virus L-A-28
Authors: Konovalovas Aleksandras , Serviené Elena , Serva Saulius 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

We cloned and sequenced the complete genome of the L-A-28 virus from the
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
K28 killer strain. This sequence completes the set of currently identified L-A helper viruses required for expression of double-stranded RNA-originated killer phenotypes in baking yeast.
Draft Genome Sequence of Moraxella catarrhalis Type Strain CCUG 353
T
Authors: Jakobsson Hedvig E. , Salvà-Serra Francisco , Thorell Kaisa , Gonzales-Siles Lucia , Boulund Fredrik , Karlsson Roger , Sikora Per , Engstrand Lars , Kristiansson Erik , Moore Edward R. B. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

Moraxella catarrhalis
is a Gram-negative commensal and pathogenic bacterium found in the human respiratory tract. It is associated with otitis media and respiratory tract infections. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
M. catarrhalis
type strain CCUG 353
T
, composed of 18 contigs and a total size of 1.89 Mb.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Microbacterium
sp. Strain HM58-2, Which Hydrolyzes Acylhydrazides
Authors: Akiyama Tomonori , Ishige Taichiro , Kanesaki Yu , Ito Shinsaku , Oinuma Ken-Ichi , Takaya Naoki , Sasaki Yasuyuki , Yajima Shunsuke 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genome sequence of
Microbacterium
sp. strain HM58-2, which produces hydrazidase, an enzyme hydrolyzing acylhydrazides. The estimated genome size is 3.9 Mb. Genome sequence information of this strain will help to identify an assimilating mechanism of nonnatural compounds in this strain and to develop ecological applications.
Draft Whole-Genome Sequences of Three Lactobacillus plantarum Food Isolates
Authors: Fernández Ramírez Mónica D. , Boekhorst Jos , de Jong Anne , Kuipers Oscar P. , Abee Tjakko , Nierop Groot Masja N. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

Lactobacillus plantarum
is a widespread member of the
Lactobacillus
genus and frequently isolated from spoiled acidified food products. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of three
L. plantarum
food isolates.
Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus mesonae FJAT-13985
T
(=DSM 25968
T
) for Setting Up Phylogenomics in Genomic Taxonomy of the
Bacillus
-Like Bacteria
Authors: Liu Guo-hong , Liu Bo , Zhu Yu-jing , Wang Jie-ping , Che Jian-mei , Chen Qian-qian , Chen Zheng 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

Bacillus mesonae
FJAT-13985
T
is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, and aerobic bacterium. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
B. mesonae
FJAT-13985
T
with 5,807,726 bp, which will provide useful information for setting up phylogenomics in the genomic taxonomy of the
Bacillus
-like bacteria, as well as for the functional gene mining and application of
B. mesonae
FJAT-13985
T
.
Complete Genome Sequence of Enterovirus D68 Detected in Classroom Air and on Environmental Surfaces
Authors: Lednicky John A. , Bonny Tania S. , Morris J. Glenn , Loeb Julia C. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
We amplified and sequenced the complete genome of enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) that had been collected from classroom air using a filter-based air sampling method and by swab sampling of environmental surfaces. Relatively high levels of EV-D68 genome equivalents were found per cubic meter of air by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR).
Injury and illness in aquatic sport: how high is the risk? A comparison of results from three FINA World Championships
Authors: Prien Annika , Mountjoy Margo , Miller Jim , Boyd Kevin , van den Hoogenband Cees , Gerrard David , Cherif Mohamed Yahia , Lu Yifan , Nanousis Kyriakos , Ortiz Liscano Edgar Ivan , Shahpar Farhad Moradi , Junge Astrid 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundEpidemiological information on injury/illness is required to develop effective injury prevention strategies.AimTo assess the frequency and characteristics of injuries/illnesses (1) in the 4 weeks prior to and (2) during the Fédération Internationale de Natation (FINA) World Championships 2015 compared with 2013 and 2009.Method(1) Athletes answered a retrospective questionnaire, and (2) the medical staff reported injuries/illnesses prospectively during the championships.Results(1) A quarter of responding athletes reported symptoms in the 4 weeks prior to the championships. More than half of all affected athletes presented with substantial severity, 80% took medication, 70% had overuse injuries and 30% did not modify their training regime despite symptoms. At the start of the championships, 70% of affected participants were still symptomatic. (2) During the championships, injury and illness incidence was 12.9 per 100 athletes. The most common injuries were shoulder sprains (5.7%) and muscle cramps of the lower back (5.7%). The most common illnesses were infections of the respiratory (33.9%) and gastrointestinal tract (23.5%). Risk factors included discipline and age, but not gender. Incidence was highest in athletes competing in high diving (HD), water polo (WP) and diving (DIV) for injuries, and WP and swimming (SW) for illnesses. The significantly higher incidence of injuries and illnesses at the FINA World Championships 2015 compared with 2013 and 2009 was most probably due to a similarly improved response rate of the medical staff.ConclusionsIn aquatic sports, surveillance and health promotion should focus on prevention of out-of-competition overuse injuries and athlete education.