bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adapting to an older workforce: health and the (non) response of employers in an era of insecurity
Authors: Lain David , van der Horst Mariska , Vickerstaff Sarah 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The UK government has called for employers to make work adaptations in response to changes in health individuals may experience as they age. However, government assumptions place too much emphasis on the voluntary actions of employers and managers, without placing the management of health in a wider context. Drawing on insights from Thompson’s disconnected capitalism thesis, we explore whether financial/competitive pressures facing many private and public sector organisations today, alongside other factors, contribute to organisations not considering or implementing work adaptations. In this context, it is suggested that older workers may also hide health issues because of anxiety, or ‘ontological precarity’, regarding working longer. Qualitative case studies compare the delivery of work adaptations in three organisations: ‘Local Government’, ‘Hospitality’, and ‘Trains’. Work adaptations were only widely available in Trains; this was for a range of reasons, including the fact that Trains was relatively insulated from financial pressures and able to deliver job and financial security for older workers. As many older workers will continue to be employed by organisations similar to Local Government and Hospitality, we argue that policy makers cannot rely solely on employers to make adaptations.
Universal Credit: administrative burdens of automated welfare
Authors: Bennett Hayley , Currie Morgan , Podoletz Lena 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Since 2010, the UK government has transformed social security administration using digital technology and automated instruments to create and deliver a single working-age benefit known as Universal Credit (UC). Social policy scholars have given much attention to the key policy tenets of UC but engaged less with leading aspects of automated and digital delivery and their relationship to different forms of administrative burdens for UC recipients. This article addresses this empirical and conceptual gap by drawing on administrative burdens literature to analyse empirical data from forty-four interviews with UC recipients. We conclude by highlighting three costs: temporal, financial, and emotional. These costs illustrate the political dimensions of technical features of UC, as they affect accountability procedures and paths to legal entitlements that have bearings on certain claimants’ rights.
Artificial neural network-based model predictive visual servoing for mobile robots
Authors: Hong Seong Hyeon , Albia Benjamin , Kyzer Tristan , Cornelius Jackson , Mark Eric R. , Hall Asha J. , Wang Yi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper presents an artificial neural network (ANN)-based nonlinear model predictive visual servoing method for mobile robots. The ANN model is developed for state predictions to mitigate the unknown dynamics and parameter uncertainty issues of the physics-based (PB) model. To enhance both the model generalization and accuracy for control, a two-stage ANN training process is proposed. In a pretraining stage, highly diversified data accommodating broad operating ranges is generated by a PB kinematics model and used to train an ANN model first. In the second stage, the test data collected from the actual system, which is limited in both the diversity and the volume, are employed to further finetune the ANN weights. Path-following experiments are conducted to compare the effects of various ANN models on nonlinear model predictive control and visual servoing performance. The results confirm that the pretraining stage is necessary for improving model generalization. Without pretraining (i.e., model trained only with the test data), the robot fails to follow the entire track. Weight finetuning with the captured data further improves the tracking accuracy by 0.07–0.15 cm on average.
Characterizing the heterogeneity of disruptions in the resolution of trauma among women exposed to childhood maltreatment
Authors: Berthelot Nicolas , Garon-Bissonnette Julia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The previously observed heterogeneity in developmental and intergenerational trajectories of childhood trauma may root from interindividual differences in the way trauma-exposed individuals have resolved these experiences. The current study explored whether distinctive patterns of impaired mentalization in relation to trauma could be identified in a sample of 825 pregnant women who experienced childhood maltreatment and whether these heterogeneous patterns were marked by significant differences in internalized and externalized problems during pregnancy, intimate partner violence, personality dysfunctions, and antenatal attachment. A latent profile analysis applied to the seven subscales of the Failure to Mentalize Trauma Questionnaire unraveled interindividual variability in mentalizing impairments among pregnant women exposed to childhood maltreatment by identifying five distinctive types of psychological responses to trauma, each being associated in cross-sectional analyses with a specific set of symptoms and dysfunctions. Overall, the study highlights the need for tailored interventions based on the individuals’ specific impairments in mentalizing trauma and calls for future developmental research exploring the longitudinal correlates of the five documented profiles of trauma processing.
Exact recovery of community detection in k-community Gaussian mixture models
Authors: Li Zhongyang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We study the community detection problem on a Gaussian mixture model, in which vertices are divided into

$k\geq 2$

distinct communities. The major difference in our model is that the intensities for Gaussian perturbations are different for different entries in the observation matrix, and we do not assume that every community has the same number of vertices. We explicitly find the necessary and sufficient conditions for the exact recovery of the maximum likelihood estimation, which can give a sharp phase transition for the exact recovery even though the Gaussian perturbations are not identically distributed; see Section 7. Applications include the community detection on hypergraphs.
Travelling waves with continuous profile for hyperbolic Keller-Segel equation
Authors: Griette Quentin , Magal Pierre , Zhao Min 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This work describes a hyperbolic model for cell-cell repulsion with population dynamics. We consider the pressure produced by a population of cells to describe their motion. We assume that cells try to avoid crowded areas and prefer locally empty spaces far away from the carrying capacity. Here, our main goal is to prove the existence of travelling waves with continuous profiles. This article complements our previous results about sharp travelling waves. We conclude the paper with numerical simulations of the PDE problem, illustrating such a result. An application to wound healing also illustrates the importance of travelling waves with a continuous and discontinuous profile.
Revision of the conservation status and assessment of the Green Status of the Parana Antwren Formicivora acutirostris with management proposals
Authors: Bornschein Marcos R. , Sandretti-Silva Giovanna , Sobotka Daiane D. , Corrêa Leandro , Reinert Bianca L. , Vannucchi Fabio Stucchi , Pie Marcio R. 
Published: September 2024

Summary
Assessing the conservation status of a species is important for designing effective conservation measures. Consequently, it is often vital to review it to update biodiversity management initiatives. The Parana Antwren Formicivora acutirostris is a bird found in pioneering formations (coastal marshes) of Brazil’s southern flood plains. It is considered threatened in Brazil but near threatened globally. In 2007, its distribution, habitat, and population size were estimated based on aerial photographs from 1978 and 1980. Since the species is threatened and occupies a small area across a region under pressure, we aimed to reassess its conservation status and assess its Green Status. We compiled new records, conducted new density estimates, and compared them with the previous mapping with satellite imagery to estimate the current distribution in terms of extent of occurrence (EOO), area of occupancy (AOO), area of habitat (AOH), habitat loss, and population size, and review its conservation status. The species is distributed across 10 populations, including two new populations further south. We estimated the EOO at 26,655 km², AOO at 320 km², AOH at 41 km², and the population as 6,285 mature territorial individuals. The previously mapped AOH decreased by 15.35 km² due to ecological succession. The loss of habitat due to invasion by exotic grasses is the main anthropogenic impact. We recommend that the species be considered “Vulnerable”. The Green Status indicates that the Conservation Legacy of actions taken thus far and the Conservation Dependence of ongoing actions are inefficient due to their small scales, but it highlights the importance of future actions for species conservation. We propose the establishment of exotic-free zones as small areas with a significant amount of minimally invaded environments, which we suggest as priority areas for the conservation of the species due to their cost-effective management potential. We also propose assisted colonisation to enhance its long-term conservation.
On the Ramsey numbers of daisies I
Authors: Pudlák Pavel , Rödl Vojtech , Sales Marcelo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDaisies are a special type of hypergraph introduced by Bollobás, Leader and Malvenuto. An
$r$
-daisy determined by a pair of disjoint sets
$K$
and
$M$
is the
$(r+|K|)$
-uniform hypergraph
$\{K\cup P\,{:}\, P\in M^{(r)}\}$
. Bollobás, Leader and Malvenuto initiated the study of Turán type density problems for daisies. This paper deals with Ramsey numbers of daisies, which are natural generalisations of classical Ramsey numbers. We discuss upper and lower bounds for the Ramsey number of
$r$
-daisies and also for special cases where the size of the kernel is bounded.
Development of a PCR-based method to identify fetal sex during IVF cycles
Authors: Mousavi Atieh Sadat , Amiri Sadegh , Mehdizadeh Mehdi , Bakhtiari Mehrdad , Mirsanei Jamileh Sadat , Nikmard Fatemeh , Barati Mahmood , Amjadi Fatemehsadat 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOne of the most recognizable cases of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is X-linked diseases. Diagnosis of fetal sex is essential for couples who are known to be at risk of some X-linked disorders. The objective of this study was to discriminate between female (XX) and male (XY) embryos by detecting sex chromosomes-speciﬁc sequences in spent culture medium and comparing these results to PGD/CGH array results. It may open new window for the development of a non-invasive PGD method. 120 Embryo’s spent media from Day 3 and Day 5 embryos were collected. Modified phenol-chloroform solution was used for DNA extraction from spent media. Sex determination was performed using SRY, TSPY and AMELOGENIN evaluation through quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) method. IBM SPSS and MedCalc were used for statistical analyses to compare sex determination of embryos by spent medium with PGD/CGH array results. Culture time was demonstrated to increase the DNA amount among day 5 embryos culture medium samples. Non-invasive PGD by means of spent culture medium gave a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 100% for sex determination. Results of sex determination using spent medium by q-PCR were consistent with the results of PGD/CGH array. Improvements in cell-free DNA extraction and PCR ampliﬁcation procedures provide us an effective method to perform a PGD test without biopsy in the future, especially about X-linked diseases.
Metric Temporal Equilibrium Logic over Timed Traces
Authors: BECKER ARVID , CABALAR PEDRO , DIÉGUEZ MARTÍN , SCHAUB TORSTEN , SCHUHMANN ANNA 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn temporal extensions of answer set programming (ASP) based on linear time, the behavior of dynamic systems is captured by sequences of states. While this representation reflects their relative order, it abstracts away the specific times associated with each state. However, timing constraints are important in many applications like, for instance, when planning and scheduling go hand in hand. We address this by developing a metric extension of linear-time temporal equilibrium logic, in which temporal operators are constrained by intervals over natural numbers. The resulting Metric Equilibrium Logic (MEL) provides the foundation of an ASP-based approach for specifying qualitative and quantitative dynamic constraints. To this end, we define a translation of metric formulas into monadic first-order formulas and give a correspondence between their models in MEL and Monadic Quantified Equilibrium Logic, respectively. Interestingly, our translation provides a blue print for implementation in terms of ASP modulo difference constraints.
Four More Years! or So What?
Authors: Brown Tony N. , Gorman Quintin , Culver Julian , Bento Asia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the mental health significance of Barack Obama’s 2012 presidential re-election among Blacks. Upon his re-election, we hypothesized Blacks would either feel symbolic empowerment or relative deprivation. They would feel symbolic empowerment because a man who identifies as Black won re-election to the nation’s highest office. His second victory should generate optimism, given his status as a historic first. Alternatively, they would feel relative deprivation because The Great Recession from 2007 to 2009 curtailed what Obama could achieve. More important, he withered when afforded opportunities to challenge White supremacy and championed individual responsibility. Using a quasi-experimental design with nationally representative survey data from the 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), we predicted Blacks’ preelection and postelection poor mental health days. We found no time period main effects. However, Black men with less than a college degree experienced 1.11 more poor mental health days postelection whereas Black men with a college degree or more experienced 2.93 fewer poor mental health days postelection. These findings support relative deprivation theory.
Early life stress exacerbates the obesogenic and anxiogenic effects of a Western diet without worsening cardiac ischaemic tolerance in male mice
Authors: Robertson Kai , Griffith Tia A. , Helman Tessa J. , Hatton-Jones Kyle , Naghipour Saba , Robertson Dylan A. , Peart Jason N. , Headrick John P. , Du Toit Eugene F. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) and a Western diet (WD) promote mood and cardiovascular disorders, however, how these risks interact in disease pathogenesis is unclear. We assessed effects of ELS with or without a subsequent WD on behaviour, cardiometabolic risk factors, and cardiac function/ischaemic tolerance in male mice. Fifty-six new-born male C57BL/6J mice were randomly allocated to a control group (CON) undisturbed before weaning, or to maternal separation (3h/day) and early (postnatal day 17) weaning (MSEW). Mice consumed standard rodent chow (CON, n = 14; MSEW, n = 15) or WD chow (WD, n = 19; MSEW + WD, n = 19) from week 8 to 24. Fasted blood was sampled and open field test and elevated plus maze (EPM) tests undertaken at 7, 15, and 23 weeks of age, with hearts excised at 24 weeks for Langendorff perfusion (evaluating pre- and post-ischaemic function). MSEW alone transiently increased open field activity at 7 weeks; body weight and serum triglycerides at 4 and 7 weeks, respectively; and final blood glucose levels and insulin resistance at 23 weeks. WD increased insulin resistance and body weight gain, the latter potentiated by MSEW. MSEW + WD was anxiogenic, reducing EPM open arm activity vs. WD alone. Although MSEW had modest metabolic effects and did not influence cardiac function or ischaemic tolerance in lean mice, it exacerbated weight gain and anxiogenesis, and improved ischaemic tolerance in WD fed animals. MSEW-induced increases in body weight (obesity) in WD fed animals in the absence of changes in insulin resistance may have protected the hearts of these mice.
The interactive effects of gestational obesity and maternal high- and normal-protein diets on food intake, body weight, composition, and glucose metabolism in male offspring of obese Wistar rats
Authors: Jahan-mihan Alireza 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
More than two-thirds of women during childbearing years (20–39 years old) are overweight or obese in the United States, with protein intake among 20–49-year-old women being 1.6 times higher than recommended (75.4 g/day versus 46 g/day) that can be considered as a relatively high-protein diet (HPD). Both gestational obesity and HPDs during gestation adversely affect offspring health. This study investigates the impact of HPDs fed during gestation and lactation on obese mothers and their offspring in Wistar rats. Dams randomized to either a normal-protein diet (NPD) or HPD (n = 12/group). Pups from each maternal group were weaned to either NPD or HPD for 17 weeks (n = 12/group). No effect of maternal or weaning diet on food intake, body weight, or body fat/weight ratio was observed. However, NPD dams exhibited higher glucose area under the curve compared with HPD dams (p < 0.03). At weaning, offspring born to NPD dams showed higher fasting plasma glucose (P < 0.03) and insulin/glucose ratio (P = 0.05) than those born to HPD dams. The Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index was higher in offspring born to NPD dams (P < 0.04) and weaned to NPD (P < 0.05) at week 17. These findings underscore the role of high-protein maternal and weaning diets in pregnancy outcomes for obese mothers, particularly in glucose homeostasis, although gestational obesity may overshadow other parameters. Further research is needed to fully understand the impact on both maternal and offspring health and their underlying mechanisms in this context.
Relating Quartz Crystallographic Preferred Orientation Intensity to Finite Strain Magnitude in the Northern Snake Range Metamorphic Core Complex, Nevada: A New Tool for Characterizing Strain Patterns in Ductilely Sheared Rocks
Authors: Blackford Nolan R. , Long Sean P. , Lee Jeffrey , Larson Kyle P. , Seward Gareth , Stevens Julia L. , Al Harthi Hadeel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDocumenting the magnitude of finite strain within ductile shear zones is critical for understanding lithospheric deformation. However, pervasive recrystallization within shear zones often destroys the deformed markers from which strain can be measured. Intensity parameters calculated from quartz crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) distributions have been interpreted as proxies for the relative strain magnitude within shear zones, but thus far have not been calibrated to absolute strain magnitude. Here, we present equations that quantify the relationship between CPO intensity parameters (cylindricity and density norm) and finite strain magnitude, which we calculate by integrating quartz CPO analyses (n = 87) with strain ellipsoids from stretched detrital quartz clasts (n = 49) and macro‐scale ductile thinning measurements (n = 7) from the footwall of the Northern Snake Range décollement (NSRD) in Nevada. The NSRD footwall exhibits a strain gradient, with Rs(XZ) values increasing from 5.4 ± 1.4 to 282 ± 122 eastward across the range. Cylindricity increases from 0.52 to 0.83 as Rs increases from 5.4 to 23.5, and increases gradually to 0.92 at Rs values between 160 and 404. Density norm increases from 1.68 to 2.97 as Rs increases from 5.4 to 23.5, but stays approximately constant until Rs values between 160 and 404. We present equations that express average finite strain as a function of average cylindricity and density norm, which provide a broadly applicable tool for estimating the first‐order finite strain magnitude within any shear zone from which quartz CPO intensity can be measured. To demonstrate their utility, we apply our equations to published data from Himalayan shear zones and a Cordilleran core complex.
Core‐Top Calibrations for Element‐To‐Calcium Proxies of Seawater Properties in Bamboo Corals (Keratoisididae) From the South China Sea
Authors: Zhou Xiaoli , Wang Haozhuang , Zhu Yuhan , Wang Yue , Watling Les , Jian Zhimin , Qiao Peijun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBamboo corals are promising archives of paleoceanographic conditions. Existing calibrations for element‐to‐calcium ratio (El/Ca) proxies of bamboo corals, however, are not necessarily calibrated to contemporaneous environmental parameters, thus weakening the reliability of the proxies. Here, we aim at calibrating the proxies by comparing El/Ca in the outermost surface of the calcareous skeletons of live‐collected bamboo corals from the South China Sea (SCS) with modern environmental records. Statistical analysis suggests that Mg/Ca and Ba/Ca can be expressed as a function of in situ seawater temperature and silicate concentration, respectively, that is, Mg/Ca (mmol/mol) = 2.17 ± 0.51 * T (°C) + 74.90 ± 2.66 and Ba/Ca (μmol/mol) = 0.070 ± 0.020 * Silicate (μmol/kg) + 7.27 ± 2.42. The slope of the Mg/Ca‐T equation from this study is slightly different from that in a previous study on bamboo corals, likely due to taxonomic and/or geographic differences of the corals and/or differences in sampling strategy and pre‐treatment method. Intra‐ and inter‐coral variations have small effects on Mg/Ca, yielding an uncertainty of 2.04 mmol/mol in Mg/Ca (95% confidence interval), equivalent to 0.94°C in estimated temperature. The slope of the Ba/Ca‐silicate equation is the same as that in a previous study, suggesting little effect of geographic difference on Ba/Ca. Intra‐ and inter‐coral variations in Ba/Ca are larger than those in Mg/Ca, possibly reflecting incorporation of multiple Ba‐rich particulate phases and/or highly variable nutrient concentrations in the micro‐environment near corals. These new calibrations allow reconstructions of paleo‐temperature and nutrient concentration in the SCS on decadal and longer timescales.
Investigating Hydrated Silica in Syrtis Major, Mars: Implications for the Longevity of Water–Rock Interaction
Authors: Voigt J. R. C. , Sun V. Z. , Viviano C. E. , Stack K. M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe use the crystallinity of hydrated silica, represented by the 1.4 μm absorption position in orbiter spectroscopic data, as a proxy for the longevity of water–rock interaction in the Syrtis Major region. Geological maps and crater size–frequency distribution analyses are employed to contextualize mineral detections and estimate surface ages. Hydrated silica is detected within two distinct geological units: a younger “volcanic terrain” (vt) unit (∼2.4 Ga) and an older “highland terrain” (ht) unit (3.5–3.7 Ga). Hydrated silica in the vt unit typically has a band position <1.41 μm, consistent with amorphous opal‐A, suggesting these younger terrains have experienced limited interaction with water. In contrast, hydrated silica in the older highlands typically has a band position >1.41 μm, indicating opal‐CT, suggesting that these deposits have had more time to interact with water, while also producing accessory minerals such as kaolinite and Fe/Mg phyllosilicates.