bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen assessment points: development and application to high‐elevation lakes in the Sierra Nevada, California
Authors: Heard Andrea M. , Sickman James O. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIncreased nitrogen (N) inputs to oligotrophic high‐elevation lakes are contributing to long‐term eutrophication, changes in nutrient cycles, and shifts in phytoplankton communities. State of California water quality standards do not adequately protect mountain lake ecosystems from atmospheric deposition, including lakes in national parks and other protected areas. The development of quantitative nutrient assessment points based on measurable ecological effects specific to high‐elevation lakes is an important step in long‐term protection of these ecosystems. We conducted in situ bioassay experiments during the phytoplankton growing season and modeled the response of phytoplankton to nutrient additions using algal growth models. Phytoplankton responded to nutrient additions (N and N + phosphorus) in five of seven experiments conducted in N‐limited lakes. Results were modeled using Michaelis‐Menten, Monod, and dose–response curves and used to calculate effective doses (ED) for excess phytoplankton growth. The 10%, 50%, and 90% ED estimates were determined for early and late hydrologic seasons. Results for the 10% ED were 0.33 (early hydrologic season) and 0.89 (late hydrologic season), the 50% ED were 1.0 μmol/L (early hydrologic season) and 4.0 μmol/L (late hydrologic season), and the 90% ED were 3.1 μmol/L (early hydrologic season) and 18 μmol/L (late hydrologic season). We then applied these assessment points to lake chemistry data from the National Park Service's Inventory and Monitoring Program to assess the status of lakes across Yosemite, Sequoia, and Kings Canyon national parks. Mean nitrate concentration during the growing season was 4.58 μmol/L and ranged from <0.04 to 11.8 μmol/L (n = 75). The 10% ED were exceeded by 28% (late hydrologic season) and 37% (early hydrologic season) of lakes, the 50% ED were exceeded by 18% (late hydrologic season) and 29% (early hydrologic season) of lakes, and the 90% ED were exceeded by 0.0% (late hydrologic season) and 21% (early hydrologic season) of lakes. Our results suggest that phytoplankton populations in many Sierra Nevada lakes are affected by N deposition based on exceedance of growth assessment points. The most sensitive lakes are typically found at higher elevations in watersheds with steep, north‐facing slopes and minimal vegetation.
Death wishes among older people assessed for home support and long‐term aged residential care
Authors: Cheung Gary , Edwards Siobhan , Sundram Frederick 
Published: November 2016

ObjectiveDeath wishes in older people are common and may progress to suicidal ideation and attempts. This study used routinely collected data from the interRAI Home Care assessment to examine the prevalence and clinical predictors of death wishes in older New Zealanders assessed for home support and long‐term aged residential care.MethodsData were collected from 35 734 people aged over 65 during 2012–2014. Chi‐squared analyses were used to determine significant relationships between the presence of death wishes and demographic factors, health and functional status, and emotional and psychosocial well‐being. A three‐step hierarchical logistic regression model was used to determine the predictive variables of death wishes, and odds ratios were calculated.ResultsDeath wishes were present in 9.5% of the sample. The following factors were significantly associated with death wishes: physical health (poor self‐reported health, recurrent falls, severe fatigue and inadequate pain control), psychological factors (depression, major stressors and anxiety), social factors (loneliness and decline in social activities) and impaired cognition. Depression (odds ratio = 2.54, 95% confidence interval = 2.29–2.81), loneliness (odds ratio = 2.40, 95% confidence interval = 2.20–2.63) and poor self‐reported health (odds ratio = 2.34, 95% confidence interval = 1.78–3.07) had the greatest odds ratios in the full model.ConclusionsClinically significant depression alone cannot fully account for the development of death wishes in the elderly, and several factors are independently associated with death wishes. This knowledge can help clinicians caring for older persons to identify people who are most at risk of developing death wishes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An Integrative Drug Repurposing Pipeline: Switching Viral Drugs to Breast Cancer
Authors: Karuppasamy Ramanathan , Verma Kanika , Sequeira Velin Marita , Basavanna Lokapriya Nandan , Veerappapillai Shanthi 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTThe growing incidence rate of breast cancer, coupled with cellular chemotherapeutic resistance, has made this disease one of the most prevalent cancers among women worldwide. Despite the recent efforts to understand the underlying cause of the resistance due to mutation, there are no feasible tactics to overcome this bottleneck. This issue could be addressed by the concept of polypharmacology‐disguising drugs present in the pharmacopeia for novel purposes (drug repurposing). Of note, we have proposed a multi‐modal computational drug‐repositioning stratagem to predict drugs possessing anti‐proliferative effect. Our results suggest that Ombitasvir, a Hepatitis C NS5B polymerase inhibitor, could be “repurposed” for the control and prevention of beta‐tubulin‐driven breast cancers. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1412–1422, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Citral stabilization and characterization of nanoemulsions stabilized by a mixture of gelatin and Tween 20 in an acidic system
Authors: Tian Huaixiang , Li Danfeng , Xu Ting , Hu Jing , Rong Yuzhi , Zhao Bo 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDCitral is one of the most important flavor compounds in fresh juice and lemon oil. Unfortunately, citral is chemically unstable and degrades over time in aqueous solutions. Here, citral nanoemulsions including a mixture of gelatin and Tween 20 as emulsifiers were produced in an effort to maintain the stability of citral in an acidic system.RESULTSThe mean droplet size and polydispersity index of the citral nanoemulsion were 467.83 nm and 0.259 respectively when the mass ratio of gelatin/Tween 20 was 3:1 and the total emulsifier concentration of the emulsion system was 10 g kg−1. The citral nanoemulsion remained stable during storage for 14 days at 30 °C. Therefore this nanoemulsion system effectively protected citral from degradation and decreased the formation of off‐flavor compounds (e.g. p‐cymene, p‐cresol and p‐methylacetophenone) relative to a single emulsifier.CONCLUSIONThe mixture of gelatin and Tween 20 enhanced the stability of citral under acidic conditions and could be used as an effective emulsifier to protect citral from degradation under acidic environments in the food industry. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Microwave drying of germinated corn and its effect on phytochemical properties
Authors: Bualuang Oraporn , Onwude Daniel Iroemeha , Pracha Kwanta 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDDrying is a preservation method that removes or reduces the moisture content of a product. This process can affect the nutritional properties of agricultural crops. Therefore this research sought to investigate the effect of microwave drying power (100–700 W) on the drying rate, effective diffusivity, β‐carotene content (BCC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity of sprouted corn, which can be applied as a rich antioxidant source.RESULTSWith increasing microwave drying power from 100 to 700 W, the effective diffusivity was in the range from 1.50 × 10−6 to 1.81 × 10−5 m2 s−1, while BCC ranged from 614.20 ± 3.10 to 229.90 ± 1.00 µg β‐carotene equivalent g−1 dry weight (DW), decreasing gradually by 62.57%. Meanwhile, TPC and TFC of samples dried at 300 W were the highest, with levels of 315.94 ± 0.69 mg gallic acid equivalent g−1 DW and 190.16 ± 1.33 mg catechin equivalent g−1 DW respectively, which were higher by 8.66 and 98.97% as compared with samples dried at 100 W. Similar development was found in the antioxidant ability of germinated corn.CONCLUSIONDrying at a microwave power of 300 W provided the highest nutritive and antioxidant values. The results of this study are useful in the selection of optimal drying conditions during microwave drying of germinated corn, as a baseline for other agricultural crops. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Psychosocial Group Intervention Among War‐Affected Children: An Analysis of Changes in Posttraumatic Cognitions
Authors: Kangaslampi Samuli , Punamäki Raija‐Leena , Qouta Samir , Diab Marwan , Peltonen Kirsi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractCognitive theories point to reduction in dysfunctional posttraumatic cognitions (PTCs) as one mechanism involved in recovery from posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), yet research findings have shown individual differences in the recovery process. We tested the cognitive mediation hypothesis above in a previously published psychosocial group intervention among war‐affected children. We also examined heterogeneity in children's PTCs during the intervention. We used a cluster randomized trial of Smith et al.'s (2002) teaching recovery techniques (TRT) intervention among 482 Palestinians 10–13 years of age (n = 242 for intervention group, n = 240 for control group). Children reported PTSS, PTCs, and depressive symptoms at baseline, midpoint, postintervention, and at 6‐month follow‐up. Path analysis results showed that TRT was not effective in reducing dysfunctional PTCs, and the reductions did not mediate intervention effects on PTSS. Using latent class growth analysis, we chose the model with 3 differing trajectories in the intervention group: high, decreasing, moderate, downward trending, and severe, stable levels of PTCs. Higher PTSS and depressive symptoms at baseline were associated with membership in the severe, stable trajectory. The intervention did not produce the kind of beneficial cognitive change needed in the cognitive mediation conceptualization. Nevertheless, cognitive changes differed substantially across children during the intervention, and were associated with their preintervention mental health status. These findings call for more detailed examination of the process of cognitive mediation.
Transport in PEG‐Based Hydrogels: Role of Water Content at Synthesis and Crosslinker Molecular Weight
Authors: Stocke Nathanael A. , Zhang Xiaolu , Hilt J. Zach , DeRouchey Jason E. 
Published: November 2016

Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels are hydrophilic, high water content, polymeric networks that represent excellent candidates as engineering biomaterials for a broad range of applications. A key challenge for many biomedical applications is the control of transport properties within the resulting 3D crosslinked gels. The effects of the water content at synthesis and crosslinker molecular weights on gel chemical structure and equilibrium volumetric swelling ratio, Q, are studied for a series of PEG hydrogels. In addition, the translational diffusion coefficients of a model probe molecule, Rhodamine 110, are determined directly within the hydrogels by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy measurements. Increasing the water content at synthesis results in larger observed swelling behavior and faster particle transport within the formed PEG hydrogels for two different crosslinker molecular weights due to fewer physical crosslinks in the gels. Comparison of the particle translational diffusion coefficient to the swelling ratio shows a linear relationship for all crosslink densities examined.
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Clustering Approach for Multidisciplinary Optimum Design of Cross‐Linked Polymer
Authors: Oya Yutaka , Kikugawa Gota , Okabe Tomonaga 
Published: November 2016

This paper proposes a new and systematic approach for optimum design of thermosetting resin systems based on molecular‐dynamics simulations. Specifically, the results of simulations for chemical reaction (cross‐linking) and mechanical properties of epoxy resin are clustered with a self‐organizing map (SOM) that enables to comprehensibly visualize the characteristics of complex structured polymers. Moreover, the scatter‐plot matrix (SPM) is introduced to analyze the specific data. Thus, SOM is used to find common features in a molecular structure, and SPM helps to clarify molecular‐scale mechanism in the clusterization. Through the analysis, the authors find that base resins with multireactive functional groups contribute to superior mechanical properties, and these properties stem from the hydrogen‐bond network distributed throughout the system. The approach, which is thought to be one of chemical informatics, has broad ranges of applications that are not limited to epoxy resin but can be applied to any kind of thermosetting resins.
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7 Tesla 22‐channel wrap‐around coil array for cervical spinal cord and brainstem imaging
Authors: Zhang Bei , Seifert Alan C. , Kim Joo‐won , Borrello Joseph , Xu Junqian 
Published: November 2016

PurposeIncreased signal‐to‐noise ratio and blood oxygenation level‐dependent sensitivity at 7 Tesla (T) have the potential to enable high‐resolution imaging of the human cervical spinal cord and brainstem. We propose a new two‐panel radiofrequency coil design for these regions to fully exploit the advantages of ultra‐high field.MethodsA two‐panel array, containing four transmit/receive and 18 receive‐only elements fully encircling the head and neck, was constructed following simulations demonstrating the
and specific absorption rate (SAR) benefits of two‐panel over one‐panel arrays. This array was compared with a previously reported posterior‐only array and tested for safety using a phantom. Its anatomical, functional, and diffusion MRI performance was demonstrated in vivo.ResultsThe two‐panel array produced more uniform
across the brainstem and cervical spinal cord without compromising SAR, and achieved 70% greater receive sensitivity than the posterior‐only array. The two‐panel design enabled acceleration of R = 2 × 2 in two dimensions or R = 3 in a single dimension. High quality in vivo anatomical, functional, and diffusion images of the human cervical spinal cord and brainstem were acquired.ConclusionWe have designed and constructed a wrap‐around coil array with excellent performance for cervical spinal cord and brainstem MRI at 7T, which enables simultaneous human cervical spinal cord and brainstem functional MRI. Magn Reson Med 78:1623–1634, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Terminal allocation problem in a transshipment hub considering bunker consumption
Authors: Zhen Lu , Wang Shuaian , Wang Kai 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis article investigates the method of allocating arriving vessels to the terminals in transshipment hubs. The terminal allocation decision faced by a shipping alliance has the influence on the scheduled arrival time of vessels and further affects the bunker consumption cost for the vessels. A model is formulated to minimize the bunker consumption cost as well as the transportation cost of inter‐terminal transshipment flows/movements. The capacity limitation of the port resources such as quay cranes (QCs) and berths is taken into account. Besides the terminal allocation, the QC assignment decision is also incorporated in the proposed model. A local branching based method and a particle swarm optimization based method are developed to solve the model in large‐scale problem instances. Numerical experiments are also conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model, which can save around 14% of the cost when compared with the “First Come First Served” decision rule. Moreover, the proposed solution methods not only solve the proposed model within a reasonable computation time, but also obtain near‐optimal results with about 0.1∼0.7% relative gap. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 529–548, 2016
Fraser syndrome: features suggestive of prenatal diagnosis in a review of 38 cases
Authors: Tessier Aude , Sarreau Mélie , Pelluard Fanny , André Gwenaelle , Blesson Sophie , Bucourt Martine , Dechelotte Pierre , Faivre Laurence , Frébourg Thierry , Goldenberg Alice , Goua Valérie , Jeanne‐Pasquier Corinne , Guimiot Fabien , Laquerriere Annie , Laurent Nicole , Lefebvre Mathilde , Loget Philippe , Maréchaud Martine , Mechler Charlotte , Perez Marie‐Josée , Sabourin Jean Christophe , Verloes Alain , Patrier Sophie , Guerrot Anne‐Marie 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectiveFraser syndrome (FS) is a rare malformation recessive disorder. Major criteria are cryptophtalmos, syndactyly, respiratory, genital and urinary tract anomalies. Few prenatal presentations have been reported.MethodWe analyzed the prenatal and postnatal fetal phenotype in 38 cases of FS, including 25 pregnancy termination cases, 8 intra‐uterine death cases and 4 cases that died after birth.ResultsIncluding both prenatal and postnatal fetal phenotypic evaluation, all cases presented dysmorphic features with nose and ear dysplasia. Renal anomalies and syndactyly were present in 37/38 cases, cryptophtalmos in 36/38, airways anomalies in 30/37 and genital anomalies in 30/35 cases. Anomalies of the abdominal wall such as low set umbilicus and omphalocele were found in 31 cases. Among the 26 cases for which ultrasound data were available, detectable anomalies included oligohydramnios (22), ascites/hydrops (9), renal anomalies (20), evidence for high airways obstruction (11), ophthalmologic anomalies (4), ear dysplasia (2) and syndactyly (2).ConclusionThis study shows that the postnatal phenotype of FS is very specific, whereas oligohydramnios hampers the prenatal recognition of the cardinal FS diagnosis criteria. Association of oligohydramnios, kidney agenesis and CHAOS should lead to consider this diagnosis. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Long‐term use of proton pump inhibitors and prevalence of disease‐ and drug‐related reasons for gastroprotection—a cross‐sectional population‐based study
Authors: Wallerstedt Susanna M. , Fastbom Johan , Linke Johannes , Vitols Sigurd 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPurposeTo analyse the prevalence of long‐term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) with respect to underlying diseases and drugs, and to find predictors for such treatment when an evident rationale for the PPI treatment is lacking.MethodsThe study cohort consisted of individuals, ≥65 years in 2010, residing in the Region Västra Götaland during 2005–2010. For individuals with and without long‐term use of PPI in 2010, we investigated the prevalence of an underlying diagnosis, that is, an acid‐related disease during the five preceding years, as well as concomitant long‐term use of antiplatelet agents or cyclooxygenase inhibitors.ResultsIn all, 278 205 individuals (median age: 74 years; 55% female; median 3 drugs per person; 5% nursing home residents, 11% with multi‐dose drug dispensing) were included in the analyses, 32 421 (12%) of whom were on long‐term treatment with PPI in 2010. For 12 253 individuals (38%) with such treatment, no underlying rationale was found. In individuals without a disease‐ or a drug‐related reason for PPI use, nursing home residence, number of drugs, female sex, but not multi‐dose drug dispensing, were associated with long‐term use of PPI; adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval): 1.63 (1.49; 1.78), 1.27 (1.26; 1.28), 1.24 (1.19; 1.29), and 0.94 (0.88; 1.01), respectively.ConclusionsLong‐term use of PPI occurs in one out of nine individuals in the older population. For four out of ten of these, no reason for PPI use can be identified. Nursing home residence, female sex, and greater number of drugs predict non‐rational long‐term use of PPI. © 2016 The Authors. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Electropolymerized AIE‐active polymer film with high quantum efficiency and its application in OLED
Authors: Li Jinyu , Han Xiao , Bai Qing , Shan Tong , Lu Ping , Ma Yuguang 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTA carbazole functionalized electro‐active AIE‐activity molecule, TPE‐DFCz, was designed, synthesized, and well characterized. The clear difference in oxidation potentials between tetraphenylethylene (TPE) unit and carbazole groups was found which guaranteed that polymerization occurred only at the peripheral carbazole groups and the TPE unit remained unchanged. Its luminescent network film was prepared conveniently by electrochemical polymerization (EP). The cross‐linked film exhibited green emission with high quantum efficiency of 63%, relatively smooth surface, and good thermal stability. The effect of different scan cycles on the optical property was also investigated. The electroluminescent device using the optimized polymer film as active layer showed a maximum luminance of 3200 cd m−2 and a maximum luminance efficiency of 1.16 cd A−1 with very low roll‐off of the efficiency. The AIE‐active EP films afford more opportunities to develop polymer films with high quantum efficiency via a simple, effective method and promote the potential applications in display devices. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 707–715
Effects of a health education and telephone counseling program on patients with a positive fecal occult blood test result for colorectal cancer screening: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chiu Hui‐Chuan , Hung Hsin‐Yuan , Lin Hsiu‐Chen , Chen Shu‐Ching 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectiveOur purpose was to evaluate the effects of a health education and telephone counseling program on knowledge and attitudes about colorectal cancer and screening and the psychological impact of positive screening results.MethodsA randomized controlled trial was conducted with 2 groups using a pretest and posttest measures design. Patients with positive colorectal cancer screening results were selected and randomly assigned to an experimental (n = 51) or control (n = 51) group. Subjects in the experimental group received a health education and telephone counseling program, while the control group received routine care only. Patients were assessed pretest before intervention (first visit to the outpatient) and posttest at 4 weeks after intervention (4 weeks after first visit to the outpatient).ResultsPatients in the experimental group had a significantly better level of knowledge about colorectal cancer and the psychological impact of a positive screening result than did the control group. Analysis of covariance revealed that the health education and telephone counseling program had a significant main effect on colorectal cancer knowledge.ConclusionsA health education and telephone counseling program can improve knowledge about colorectal cancer and about the psychological impact in patients with positive colorectal cancer screening results. The health education and telephone counseling program is an easy, simple, and convenient method of improving knowledge, improving attitudes, and alleviating psychological distress in patients with positive colorectal cancer screening results, and this program can be expanded to other types of cancer screening.