bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and impact of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in multiple system atrophy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Hui , Zhang Ting , Fan Wenhui 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveMultiple system atrophy (MSA) is commonly associated with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD). Research on the prevalence of RBD in MSA and its effects on MSA patients has yielded inconsistent results. Currently, there is only one meta-analysis discussing the prevalence of RBD in MSA, but no meta-analysis discussing the impact of RBD on MSA.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by searching studies related to MSA and RBD in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Data were pooled as necessary to calculate prevalence of RBD, odds ratio (OR), weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic.ResultsThe prevalence of polysomnography confirmed-RBD in MSA was 79.9% (95% CI, 68.8–89.3%) in a pooled sample of 598 subjects. Patients with MSA who had RBD were notably younger at examination than those without RBD (WMD −3.26 years, 95% CI −4.99 to −1.53), and the age of disease onset in MSA patients with RBD was significantly lower than in those without RBD (WMD −3.27, 95% CI −5.06 to −1.48). Additionally, RBD was more common among male patients with MSA compared to female patients (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.31 to 3.39). MSA patients with RBD also exhibited significantly higher Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale (UMSARS) I and IV scores than those without RBD (WMD 2.99, 95% CI 0.10 to 4.88, and WMD 0.23, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.43).ConclusionThe prevalence of polysomnography-confirmed RBD in MSA is 79.9%. The prevalence in Asian population was lower than in Europe and America, which might be related to an underestimation in Asian populations. Additionally, patients with MSA and RBD tend to be younger at examination, have an earlier age of onset, and exhibit more severe disease manifestations compared to MSA patients without RBD.
A novel parameter dense three-dimensional convolution residual network method and its application in classroom teaching
Authors: Li Xuan , Yang Ting , Tang Ming , Xiong Pengwen 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionImproving the rationality and accuracy of classroom quality analysis is crucial in modern education. Traditional methods, such as questionnaires and manual recordings, are resource-intensive and subjective, leading to inconsistent results. As a solution, computer vision (CV) technologies have emerged as powerful tools for real-time classroom monitoring. This study proposes a novel Dense 3D Convolutional Residual Network (D3DCNN_ResNet) to recognize students’ expressions and behaviors in English classrooms.MethodsThe proposed method combines Single Shot Multibox Detector (SSD) for target detection with an improved D3DCNN_ResNet model. The network applies 3D convolution in both spatial and temporal domains, with shortcut connections from residual blocks to increase network depth. Dense connections are introduced to enhance the flow of high- and low-level features. The model was tested on two datasets: the CK+ dataset for expression recognition and the KTH dataset for behavior recognition.Results and DiscussionThe experiments show that the proposed method is highly efficient in optimizing model training and improving recognition accuracy. On the CK+ dataset, the model achieved an expression recognition accuracy of 97.94%, while on the KTH dataset, the behavior recognition accuracy reached 98.86%. The combination of residual blocks and dense connections reduced feature redundancy and improved gradient flow, leading to better model performance. The results demonstrate that the D3DCNN_ResNet is well-suited for classroom quality analysis and has the potential to enhance teaching strategies by providing real-time feedback on student engagement.
Association between dietary inflammatory index and all-cause mortality in US adults with dermatitis: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Liu Yan , Liao Jie , Zhang Jieyi , Zhou Rang , Li Weiqi , Tao Yuanrong , Qin Yuesi 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundWhile dermatitis management is primarily symptomatic, the role of diet in symptom exacerbation and improvement is increasingly recognized. The dietary inflammatory index (DII), a quantitative assessment tool for dietary inflammatory potential, has been associated with various chronic diseases but remains understudied in dermatitis. This cohort study investigated the association between DII scores and all-cause mortality among patients with dermatitis.MethodsThe study included 1,074 patients with dermatitis and complete dietary intake records from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2004. The DII scores were calculated using two 24-h dietary recalls and dietary supplement intakes and the consumption of 28 foods with known pro- or anti-inflammatory properties. All-cause mortality information was from the National Death Index, censored on December 31, 2019. Multivariable Cox hazards regression models, restricted cubic spline (RCS) models, and subgroup analyses were employed to evaluate the association of DII with all-cause mortality, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsThe 1,074 patients were divided into DII tertiles (T1: n = 358, median age 40 years, DII −3.91, 0.06; T2: n = 296, median age 40 years, DII 0.06, 1.88; T3: n = 237, median age 39 years, DII 1.88, 4.39). The study revealed a positive correlation between higher DII scores and increased all-cause mortality risk among patients with dermatitis (fully-adjusted model, HR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.02, 1.27, p = 0.026). This association was more pronounced in adults over 45 years, with the highest DII tertile indicating a 2.42-fold increased mortality risk (95% CI 1.15, 5.07, p = 0.019) compared with the lowest tertile. The RCS model confirmed a linear dose-response trend (p for non-linear = 0.183), validating the relationship.ConclusionElevated DII scores are associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients with dermatitis, suggesting that the dietary inflammatory potential may impact health outcomes in this population. The findings underscore the importance of dietary interventions in dermatitis management, especially for middle-aged and older adults. Future research with larger cohorts and a longer follow-up is warranted to validate the findings.
Advanced lung cancer inflammation index is associated with prognosis in skin cancer patients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lan Weifeng , Zhuang Wanli , Wang Ruiqi , Wang Xuewen , Lin Zhou , Fu Liqin , Zhang Yanping , Wen Yuqing 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundSkin cancer ranks as one of the most prevalent malignant tumors affecting humans. This study was designed to explore the correlation between the advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI), a metric that gauged both nutrition and inflammation statuses, in skin cancer patients and their subsequent prognosis.MethodsData from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 1999-2018 were scrutinized, along with mortality tracking extending to December 31, 2019. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and COX regression analysis, utilizing NHANES-recommended weights, delineated the association between ALI levels and skin cancer prognosis. To decipher the potential non-linear relationship, a restricted cubic spline analysis was applied. Additionally, stratified analysis was conducted to affirm the robustness of our findings.ResultsThe 1,149 patients participating in NHANES 1999-2018 were enrolled. We observed a reverse J-shaped non-linear relationship between ALI and both skin cancer all-cause mortality and cancer mortality, with inflection points at 81.13 and 77.50, respectively.ConclusionsThe ALI served as a comprehensive indicator of a patient’s nutrition and inflammation status and was demonstrably linked to the prognosis in skin cancer cases. The meticulous evaluation and continuous monitoring of these parameters in skin cancer patients bear clinical importance.
Development and validation of nomograms based on pre-/post-operative CEA and CA19-9 for survival predicting in stage I-III colorectal cancer patients after radical resection
Authors: Dai Xuan , Li Yifan , Wang Haoran , Dai Zhujiang , Chen Yuanyuan , Liu Yun , Huang Shiyong 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundCarcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) are the predominant serum tumour markers (STMs) for predicting the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). The objective of this research is to develop clinical prediction models based on preoperative and postoperative CEA and CA19-9 levels.Methods1,452 consecutive participants with stage I-III colorectal cancer were included. Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and multivariate COX regression were used to evaluate the significance of preoperative and postoperative STMs. Patients were grouped into a discovery cohort (70%) and a validation cohort (30%). Variables for the nomograms were selected according to the Akaike information criterion (AIC). Subsequently, two clinical predictive models were constructed, evaluated, validated, and then compared with the AJCC 8th TNM stage.ResultsThe overall survival (OS) rate and disease-free survival(DFS) rate declined progressively as the number of positive tumour markers(NPTMs) before and after surgery increased. For both OS and DFS, age, sex, pN stage, and NPTMs before and after surgery were independent prognostic factors, and then clinical prediction models were developed. The Concordance index (C-index), Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, Decision curve analysis (DCA), and risk score stratification all indicated that the models possessed robust predictive efficacy and clinical applicability. The Net reclassification index (NRI) and Integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) indicated that the performance of models was significantly superior to the TNM stage.ConclusionNomograms based on pre-and postoperative CEA and CA19-9 can accurately predict survival and recurrence for stage I-III CRC patients after radical surgery, and were significantly better than the AJCC 8th TNM stage.
Evaluating peritumoral and intratumoral radiomics signatures for predicting lymph node metastasis in surgically resectable non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Xu Ran , Wang Kaiyu , Peng Bo , Zhou Xiang , Wang Chenghao , Lu Tong , Shi Jiaxin , Zhao Jiaying , Zhang Linyou 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundWhether lymph node metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer is critical to clinical decision-making. This study was to develop a non-invasive predictive model for preoperative assessing lymph node metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using radiomic features from chest CT images.Materials &amp; methodsIn this retrospective study, 247 patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were enrolled. These individuals underwent preoperative chest CT scans that identified lung nodules, followed by lobectomies and either lymph node sampling or dissection. We extracted both intratumoral and peritumoral radiomic features from the CT images, which were used as covariates to predict the lymph node metastasis status. By using ROC curves, Delong tests, Calibration curve, and DCA curves, intra-tumoral-peri-tumoral model performance were compared with models using only intratumoral features or clinical information. Finally, we constructed a model that combined clinical information and radiomic features to increase clinical applicability.ResultsThis study enrolled 247 patients (117 male and 130 females). In terms of predicting lymph node metastasis, the intra-tumoral-peri-tumoral model (0.953, 95%CI 0.9272-0.9792) has a higher AUC compared to the intratumoral radiomics model (0.898, 95%CI 0.8553-0.9402) and the clinical model (0.818, 95%CI 0.7653-0.8709). The DeLong test shows that the performance of the Intratumoral and Peritumoral radiomics models is superior to that of the Intratumoral or clinical feature model (p &lt;0.001). In addition, to increase the clinical applicability of the model, we combined the intratumoral-peritumoral model and clinical information to construct a nomogram. Nomograms still have good predictive performance.ConclusionThe radiomics-based model incorporating both peritumoral and intratumoral features from CT images can more accurately predict lymph node metastasis in NSCLC than traditional methods.
Prognostic significance of the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score in NSCLC patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Jiaxuan , Wang Haoyu , Yang Ruiyuan , Liu Dan , Li Weimin 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe modified Glasgow Prognosis Score (mGPS), which considers both inflammatory response and nutritional status, has been linked to the prognosis of various tumors. The relationship between mGPS and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is still a subject of debate. This meta-analysis aims to comprehensively assess the association between mGPS and survival in NSCLC treated with ICIs.MethodsA thorough review of studies from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase was conducted up to June 4, 2024. Fixed-effect or random-effect models were employed, combining hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), to assess the prognostic value of mGPS for OS and PFS in patients with NSCLC receiving immunotherapy.ResultsA total of 1,022 patients from 11 studies were recruited. Combined results showed that mGPS elevation was significantly associated with poor OS (HR = 1.63, 95%CI: 1.42-1.87, P &lt; 0.01) and PFS (HR = 1.71, 95%CI: 1.31-2.24, P &lt; 0.01). Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis further determined the predictive effect of elevated mGPS on OS and PFS deterioration in NSCLC patients receiving immunotherapy.ConclusionmGPS can be used as a good noninvasive biomarker to demonstrate prognostic and clinical significance in patients with NSCLC undergoing immunotherapy.Systematic review registrationhttp://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023432661.
Association of CTLA-4 polymorphisms with hematologic malignancy susceptibility: a meta-analysis
Authors: Yan Xuefen , Zhang Nana , Wang Gang , Wang Jiaheng 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundRecent studies have reported an association between Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) polymorphisms and hematologic malignancy susceptibility, while the results remain inconsistent. Hence, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between CTLA-4 polymorphisms with hematologic malignancy susceptibility.MethodsA comprehensive and systematic search of Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase databases was performed up to Sep. 20, 2024. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to determine the strength of the association between CTLA-4 polymorphisms and hematologic malignancy susceptibility. Statistical analysis was performed in STATA 12.0.ResultsA total of 13 studies concerning the CTLA-4 49A/G, CTLA-4 60A/G, CTLA-4 318T/C, CTLA-4 1661A/G, and CTLA-4 319C/T polymorphisms were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results suggested the CTLA-4 49A/G polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased hematologic malignancy risk (AA vs. GA+GG: OR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.56-2.02), especially in NHL, multiple myeloma, and leukemia. Similarly, CTLA-4 319C/T polymorphism was found to be associated with decreased chronic lymphocytic leukemia risk. There was no significant association between the CTLA-4 60A/G, 318T/C, and 1661A/G polymorphism and hematologic malignancy risk.ConclusionCTLA-4 49A/G and 319C/T polymorphisms were associated with hematologic malignancy susceptibility.
Feasibility of clinical EEG for music recognition in children aged 1–12 years
Authors: Bower Janeen , Corlette Sebastian John , Wang Mengmeng , Magee Wendy L. , Catroppa Cathy , Baker Felicity Anne 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionMusicality is an innate capability and the fundamental architectures necessary for music processing are present from birth. However, there is a notable gap in pediatric specific music neuroscience research and research that employs ecologically valid musical stimuli.MethodsThis pragmatic feasibility study aimed to assess the utility of EEG collected via pre-existing clinical monitoring to describe the processing of familiar song as an ecologically valid stimulus, in the underrepresented pediatric population. Three comparative auditory conditions (song, speech, and noise) were utilized to assess the changes in EEG across these conditions compared to a baseline silence.ResultsAnalysis of EEG data from a pilot sample of four children revealed distinct changes in the underlying frequency components of the EEG during the song condition that were not observed in either the speech or noise conditions. To extend this analysis, a uniquely hypothesis-driven, multivariate statistical analysis method (generalized eigendecomposition [GED]) was employed, however in this study we did not isolate a consistent source responsible for the observed changes in the frequency components of the EEG during the song condition.DiscussionThe study is limited by the small sample size but nevertheless demonstrated feasibility of collecting EEG data in the imperfect auditory environment of an acute clinical setting to describe a response to an ecologically valid stimulus in the underrepresented pediatric population. Further research with a more restrictive study design and greater participant numbers is needed to extend these preliminary findings.
Climate change favors expansion of three Eucalyptus species in China
Authors: Mao Xinjie , Zheng Huisen , Luo Guihua , Liao Songkai , Wang Ronghao , Tang Ming , Chen Hui 
Published: October 2024

Eucalyptus has become one of the most widely planted species in tropical and subtropical regions in China, with important economic, ecological, and social values. However, it is currently unclear how climate change will affect different Eucalyptus species. Therefore, it is urgent to investigate the potential distribution and dynamics of Eucalyptus under current and future climate scenarios. In this study, we analyzed the potential distribution patterns of the three main Eucalyptus species (Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus urophylla, and Eucalyptus tereticornis) under current and future climatic conditions (2041-2060 and 2061-2080) using the optimized MaxEnt model, which integrates a variety of environmental data including climate, topography, soil, and human influence. We also identified the main factors affecting the potential distributions of the three main Eucalyptus species. The model indicated that E. grandis exhibited heightened sensitivity to the mean temperature of the coldest quarter (7.0-20.0 °C) and annual mean temperature (11.9-24.2 °C), whereas E. urophylla displayed heightened sensitivity to precipitation of the warmest quarter (272-1694 mm) and annual precipitation (812-2624 mm). Conversely, E. tereticornis demonstrated heightened sensitivity to annual mean temperature (12.7-24.5 °C) and temperature seasonality (63.8-598.9). Under the current climate, E. tereticornis had the widest suitable distribution area (124.91 × 104 km²), followed by E. grandis (124.89 × 104 km²) and E. urophylla (119.81 × 104 km²). Under future climate change scenarios, the suitable ranges of E. grandis, E. urophylla and E. tereticornis will continue to expand. This study highlights the importance of climate change in Eucalyptus distribution and provides quantified potential distribution maps for three Eucalyptus species under current and future climate conditions in China. This research offers valuable scientific insights pertinent to the management and rational site selection for Eucalyptus plantations.
Food insecurity and its determinants in pastoralist and agrarian communities in South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Gujo Mintesinot Melka , Modiba Lebitsi Maud 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundDespite the implementation of different interventions, food insecurity remains a major public health issue in rural areas of Ethiopia. However, there has been limited evidence regarding food insecurity and responsible factors in rural areas of Ethiopia, particularly in South Omo, Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to assess food insecurity and determinants in agrarian and pastoralist communities of South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was done among 605 randomly selected households in Benatsemay and South Ari districts from February 1 to 28, 2023. A standardized and validated Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) was used to measure food insecurity status. Data were entered using Epi-Info 7.1 and then transferred to SPSS V25 for analysis. To identify associated factors, a binary logistic regression model was employed. The strength of association was evaluated considering the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI). A statistical significance was stated at p-value &lt;0.05.ResultA total of 597 participants were involved in the study with a response rate of 98.7%. The overall prevalence of food insecurity using HFIAS was 42.2% (95%CI: 38.2, 46.3%), among which mild, moderate, and severe food insecurity accounted for 17.4, 16.6, and 8.2%, respectively. Of pastoralists, 114 (47.1%) were food insecure whereas 138 (38.9%) were food insecure in the agrarian. Food insecurity was affected by household head sex (AOR = 1.73, 95%CI: 1.14, 2.62), high dependency ratio (AOR = 2.53, 95%CI: 1.53, 4.20), no formal maternal education (AOR = 2.11, 95%CI: 1.07, 4.18), productive safety net program (AOR = 2.00, 95%CI: 1.16, 3.46) and land ownership (AOR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.19, 2.72).ConclusionFood insecurity was a significant problem in the study areas. Thus, it is crucial to improve female education, advance agricultural technologies, advocate family planning, and broaden productive safety net programs.
Stakeholder views on addressing challenges to the implementation of social prescribing in the United Kingdom
Authors: Rafiei Sima , Honary Mahsa , Mezes Barbara 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesThis study aimed to understand the key barriers to successfully implementing Social Prescribing (SP) initiatives from different perspectives.MethodsAn in-depth process evaluation using a multi-method qualitative design was conducted. Qualitative data was collected via semi-structured interviews (N = 23) and Focus Group Discussion (FGD’ N = 4). Twenty-three stakeholders took part in the study, including community support providers (n = 7), SP link workers (n = 6), service users (n = 6), NHS employees/referrals, and those who were involved in SP leadership and coordination (n = 4). MAXQDA Version 20.0 was used for management and data analysis.ResultsWe identified eight themes representing challenges for a successful implementation of a SP programme. The themes included (i) financial issues and sustainability, (ii) human resources challenges, (iii) partnership working challenges, (iv) inadequate and inconsistent implementation, (v) information system challenges, (vi) referral system issues, (vii) training and knowledge gaps, and (viii) accessibility and privacy concerns.ConclusionStudy findings provide insight for commissioners, providers, and link workers to guide the delivery of appropriate SP services by identifying a range of factors that hinder the successful implementation of the programme. Future policy, service development, and research should consider tackling these challenges and generating different ideas for potential solutions to address the root causes of problems.