bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison Of The Improving In Major Depressive Symptoms As Reported By Romanian Physicians And Patients In a Prospective, Multicenter, Observational Study
Authors: Purnichi T. , Marinescu V. , Ladea M. , Eda M.C. , Marinescu I. , Pirlog M. , Pavel I. , Mihalcea D. , Paraschiv G. , Tudose C. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionDepression leads to substantial suffering for the patients, their families and becomes an economic burden for system [1,2]. Patients and clinicians tend to rate the remission differently [3].Objectives and methodsWe investigate if clinicians and patients rate different the treatment response. This study assed the evolution of major depressive episode (MDE) in patients treated with Agomelatine, in Romania. It was designed as a multicentre, observational study that included 1213 adult patients evaluated in 75 sites in 2014. The design included 3 visits (baseline (V1); visit at 2/3 weeks (V2); visit 6/8 weeks (V3)). The scales used were: MADRS, SHAPS, CGI-I, CGI-S, PGI-I, PGI-S.ResultsThe MDE improvement was significant (P < 0.001) for all aspects evaluated. At baseline, more clinicians vs. patients considered the moderately or markedly ill as best descriptors of the state. The difference between the two assessments was even higher for V2 and V3. During V2 clinicians reported “minimally improvement” while patients reported “much improvement” in higher percentage. During V3, both, clinicians and patients reported a “very much improved” clinical status. Of the patients 42.60% reported at V3 “normal”, not at all ill’ in comparison to 34.81% of clinicians who reported the same (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThis could mean that patients are not aware of the severity of their disease. This data could be interpreted in the way that patients are more prone to rate higher the improvements as response to treatment and the clinicians to rate as response a more than 50% decrease of symptomatology.References not available.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Rumination And Primary Care Depression
Authors: Riihimäki K. , Vuorilehto M. , Jylhä P. , Isometsä E. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionResponse styles theory postulates that rumination is a central factor in occurrence, severity and maintaining of depression. High neuroticism has been associated with tendency to ruminate.ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationships between rumination, neuroticism and depression in a naturalistic prospective cohort of primary care patients with depressive disorders with life-chart methodology.AimsWe hypothesized, that rumination would correlate with severity and duration of depression and with concurrent anxiety, gender and neuroticism.MethodsIn the Vantaa Primary Care Depression Study, a stratified random sample of 1119 adult patients was screened for depression using the Prime-MD. Depressive and comorbid psychiatric disorders were diagnosed using SCID-I/P and SCID-II. Of the 137 patients with depressive disorders, 82% completed the five-year follow-up with a graphic life chart. Neuroticism was measured with the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI-Q). Response styles were investigated at five years using the Response Styles Questionnaire (RSQ-43).ResultsRumination correlated significantly with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (r = 0.54), Beck Depression Inventory (r = 0.61), Beck Anxiety Inventory (r = 0.50), Beck Hopelessness Scale (r = 0.51) and Neuroticism (r = 0.58). Rumination correlated also with proportion of follow-up time spent depressed (r = 0.38). In multivariate regression, high rumination was significantly predicted by current depressive symptoms and neuroticism, but not by anxiety symptoms or preceding duration of depressive episodes.ConclusionsRumination correlated with current severity of depression, but the association with preceding episode duration remained uncertain. The association between neuroticism and rumination was strong. The findings are consistent with rumination as a state-related phenomenon, which is also strongly intertwined with traits predisposing to depression.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Plasma Concentrations Of Endocannabinoids And Congeners In a Primary Care Sample Of Depressed Patients: Influence Of Biological Variables, Severity And Antidepressant Medication
Authors: Romero-Sanchiz P. , Nogueira-Arjona R. , Mayoral-Cleríes F. , Rivas-Guerrero F. , Araos-Gómez P. , Pedraz-Fernández M. , Serrano-Criado A. , Pavón-Morón F.J. , De la Torre-Fornell R. , Pastor-Bosch A. , Rodríguez de Fonseca F. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionEndocannabinoid system has been highlighted as one of the most relevant research topics by neurobiologists, pharmacists, basic scientists and clinicians. The association between endocannabinoids and its congeners and mood disorders is relatively recent. However, evidence from both clinical and preclinical studies is increasing and many researchers point out endocannabinoid system and particularly endocannabinoids and congeners as promising pharmacological targets.Aims and objectivesThe main objective of this study is to compare the plasma concentrations of endocannabinoids and congeners between a sample of patients with depression and a sample of control subjects, and the influence of variables such as age, body mass index, gender, severity of symptoms, and antidepressant medication.MethodPlasma concentrations of endocannabinoids and congeners will be analyzed in 69 patients with depression from primary care and 47 controls using mass spectrometry analysis.ResultsStatistically significant differences in 2-arachidonoylglycerol and monoacylglycerols were found between both samples. Somatic symptoms of depression seems to be more related to these compounds that to cognitive-affective symptoms. In addition, differences between mildly and moderately depressed patients were found in concentrations of AEA, LEA, DGLEA and POEA. Patients with antidepressant medication showed higher levels of 2-AG, DGLEA and OEA.ConclusionsThe results of this study provide evidence supporting the hypothesis that in depression there is a dysregulation of the inflammatory signaling and, consequently the immune system. The results of this study could also support the realization of translational research to better understand the mechanisms of this widely distributed system.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A Novel, Very Short Questionnaire As a Screening Tool For Depression
Authors: Pękala K. , Sobow T. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionSelf-assessment tools are frequently used as screening tools for depression. However, they are usually long and time-consuming.Aim of the studyTo assess specificity, sensitivity and overall accuracy of a novel, very short, 5 questions tool.Subjects and methodsThe questionnaire consists of 3 phenomenological (based on main symptoms of depression) and 2 questions to assess functional impact of the symptoms. One hundred and ninety patients diagnosed clinically as having major depression (according to ICD-10 criteria and with the help of MINI tool) filled the questionnaire in twice, during episode and remission.ResultsAt least two (out of three possible) “yes” answers to phenomenological questions and both two “yes” functional answers yielded 100% specificity (no person in remission). At least one “yes” answer to phenomenological questions and both “yes” answers to functional question yielded 82.8% specificity, 83.7% sensitivity and 83,3% overall accuracy. These results varied insignificantly in subgroups with different depression severity.ConclusionA short, 5-question questionnaire may be used as a screening tool for depression. Specificity, sensitivity and overall accuracy are above 80% largely independently of depression severity.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Ethnicity And Depression Among Maritime University Students In Canada
Authors: Steenbeek A. , Langille D. , Wilson K. , Muir A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionDepression is among the most common mental illnesses in Canada. Although many factors contribute to depression, stress is among the most commonly reported. Studies suggest that marginalized groups often experience high levels of stress.ObjectiveTo examine associations between ethnicity and depressive symptoms among university students.AimTo identify if ethnic groups, particularly Aboriginal students, are at greater risk of depression.MethodsOnline survey data were collected from students attending eight universities in the Canadian Maritime Provinces (n = 10,180). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 12-item version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Ethnicity was organized into five groups: Caucasian only, Aboriginal only, Aboriginals with other ethnicities, Mixed Ethnicity (not including Aboriginal), and Other (single ethnicity not including Aboriginal or Caucasian). Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess associations between ethnicity and elevated depressive symptoms. Adjusted models accounted for demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioural characteristics.ResultsIn adjusted analyses for men, Mixed (OR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.12–3.63) and Other ethnic students (OR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.11–1.96) were more likely to have elevated depressive symptoms than Caucasians. There were no differences between those who were Aboriginal and those who were Caucasian. In unadjusted and adjusted analyses for women, depressive symptoms in ethnic groups (including Aboriginals) were not significantly different from Caucasians.ConclusionAmong male university students in the Maritime, ethnicity (other than being Aboriginal) was associated with depressive symptoms in comparison to Caucasians, after adjusting for covariates. However, among women, ethnicity was not significantly associated with depressive symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
First bipolar episode and functionality: Relation with depressive symptoms and inflammation levels
Authors: Martinez-cengotitabengoa M. , Bermudez-ampudia C. , Lopez M.P. , Garcia-alocen A. , Gonzalez-ortega I. , Zorrilla I. , Gonzalez-pinto A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionIt is important to make an early and effective intervention from the first bipolar episode. The presence of depressive symptoms in the course of a manic episode could influence negatively the evolution and the prognosis of the patient. Inflammation and oxidative stress are also related with functionality.ObjectivesTo explore the relationship between depressive symptoms during a first episode of mania, inflammatory parameters and patient functionality during the follow-up.MethodWe included in the study 92 are patients with a first manic episode and 92 matched healthy controls. We compared 13 inflammatory/oxidative stress parameters measured at baseline (TFNα, IL6, PGE2, MCP1, TBARS, NO2, SOD, CAT, GSHTOT, GSSG, GSHfree, GPx, TAS) between both groups. Between patients, 46 presented pure mania (PM) (no depressive symptoms) and 46 mixed mania (MM) (with depressive symptoms). We explored the influence of inflammatory factors in functionality, exploring differences between PM and MM. To measure patients’ general functioning one year after illness onset, we used the Functional Assessment Short Test (FAST).ResultsWe found significant differences in TFNα, MCP1 and TBARS (higher in patients) and in SOD, GSHtot, GSSG, GSHfree, GPx and TAS levels (lower in patients). Only In MM group, there was a significant influence of SOD and GSHfree in FAST scores suggesting that a higher antioxidant levels at baseline the patient functionality improves one year after.ConclusionsSome parameters of oxidative stress at baseline are related with patient's functionality one year after the first episode of mania, but only when mania debuts with depressive symptons simultaneously.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Co-occurrence Of Eating Disorders And Psychosis
Authors: Alves Pereira C. , Silva J.R. , Cajão R. , Lourenço J.P. , Casanova T. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionSeveral reviews have reported the incidence of schizophrenia in patients with eating disorders (ED) to be between 3–10% and the incidence of transient psychotic episodes to be 10–15%. On the other hand, anorexia nervosa appears to affect 1 to 4% of schizophrenia patients. Reports of psychosis and ED occurring in the same patient have led to various views as to the nature of the relationship between the two.ObjectiveAnalysis of the literature illustrated by different clinical cases in which appears to be a relationship between ED and psychosis.AimsCritical reflection about the hypothesis that could underlie the comorbidity of psychotic illness and ED.MethodsNon-systematic review of a literature search using the keywords: eating disorders; psychosis; comorbidity.ResultsThere is no consistent sequence in the co-occurrence of the two conditions – ED sometimes precede and sometimes follows the onset of psychosis. ED patients can develop psychotic symptoms, most frequently transient in the course of the disorder, while others are subsequently diagnosed with a chronic psychotic disorder. On the other hand, patients with a primary psychotic illness can develop an eating disorder. The connection between the two, however, remains speculative, considering the hypothesis that ED and psychosis can be entirely separate disorders that can, by chance, occur in the same person.ConclusionsThe area of comorbidity and overlapping symptoms in psychiatry requires more deep research. Despite evidence from case series, the comorbidity between ED and psychosis is poorly understood, and firm conclusions cannot be drawn from this analysis.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Recognition Of Emotional Prosody In Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Dondaine T. , Douailler-Gautier B. , Guillery M. , Robert G. , Millet B. , Guillaume S. , Drapier D. 
Published: May 2016

Deficits in emotional processes are often observed by clinicians in anorexia nervosa and may have an impact on social functioning. Recognition of emotion was mostly investigated using visual stimuli as faces of emotional scenes. Only one study (Kucharska-Pietura et al., 2004) demonstrated impairments in emotional prosody using positive and negative valenced stimuli. However, this study did not provide a highlight for the identification of emotional bias (for example, to recognize an intense fear in a friendly voice). The aim of this study is to better understand the recognition of emotional prosody in anorexia nervosa using a wide range of positive, negative and neutral stimuli (Belin et al., 2008).In order to test emotion recognition biases in emotional prosody, we exposed 15 patients with anorexia nervosa and 15 healthy controls (HCs) to emotional vocal tasks asking them to rate emotional intensity on visual analog scales. In addition, we assessed clinical symptomatology and cognitive functioning for all participants.We showed that patients with anorexia nervosa provided higher intensity ratings on the non-target scales (e.g., surprise scale for fear stimuli) than HCs for sadness, fear and neutral voices. Furthermore, with the exception of neutral vocal stimuli, they provided the same intensity ratings on the target scales as the HCs.These findings suggested a bias in the processing of emotional prosody and may impact the social functioning of patients with anorexia nervosa. The bias may result from a sensorial deficit or a high-order cognitive dysfunction and have to be investigated in future studies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Men With Anorexia: a Descriptive Study Of The Characteristics Of Male Patients In An Intensive Psychotherapy Day Hospital For Eating Disorders During 2015 In Madrid
Authors: Espinosa Benavides A. , García Calvo C. , Unzeta Conde B. , Vilariño Besteiro M.P. , Pérez Franco C. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveTo describe the main characteristics of male patients suffering from anorexia in a specialized unit for eating disorders management.IntroductionAs a result of a more prevalent diagnosis of eating disorders in women (including anorexia among others), male patients characteristics have been less described in current literature.MethodologyThe authors retrospectively reviewed the clinical history of all male patients attending our unit of Eating Disorders in a period of one year (2015). The recorded characteristics were analyzed and classified as demographic, clinical and biographical. Finally a bibliographic review was also performed and correlated with our results.ConclusionDuring our review (currently being performed) we have found that, even if in much less numbers than in women, the characteristics of male patients suffering anorexia have recognizable patterns and for instance can be used for the better understanding of this pathology in this population.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Effect Of Atipical Antipsychotic Medications In Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Barchiesi M. , Martellini M. , Oriani M.G. , Nardi B. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAnorexia nervosa (AN) is severe and debilitating psychiatric illness characterized by destructive weight loss behaviour, refusal to maintain body weight at or above minimal normal weight for age and height, intense fear of weight gain and disturbance in experience of body shape and weight.ObjectivesThe purpose of this review is to investigate the state of art concerning the use of atypical antipsychotics (SGA) in the treatment of anorexia nervosa, comparing the efficacy and tolerability in female patients not selected by age.MethodsA Medline enquiry of published articles from 2005 to October 2015 was performed using the following Keywords: “anorexia nervosa; pharmacological treatment; atypical antipsychotics; olanzapine; risperidone; paliperidone; aripiprazole; quetiapine”. Reviews and RCT were also analyzed.ResultsNo strong evidence of beneficial effects was found in using SGA in adults. The majority of studies focused on olanzapine, which seems to have, in some studies, only positive effect on body mass index, eating disorder symptoms and functional impairment. Risperidone doesn’t seem to have effect on body mass index. Olanzapine and risperidone increase the mean fasting glucose and insulin levels. In a recent study the main finding is represented by the positive effects of the adjunct of aripiprazole to antidepressants on eating-related obsessive-compulsive symptomatology.ConclusionsIn conclusion, in our review we observed that research in treatment with SGA of AN is still far away from finding univocal conclusions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A peripheral composite proteomic and gene expression biomarker related to diagnosis and affective state in rapid cycling bipolar disorder
Authors: Munkholm K. , Vinberg M. , Kessing L.V. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionManagement of bipolar disorder is limited by absence of laboratory test. While alterations related to multiple biological pathways have been found in bipolar disorder, findings have not translated into clinically applicable biomarkers. We previously found promise for a combined gene expression biomarker. The combination of gene expression and proteomic biomarkers could have potential as a meaningful clinical test.ObjectivesTo identify a composite biomarker based on multiple potential peripheral biomarkers related to neuroplasticity, inflammation and oxidative stress, both on a proteomic and gene expression level.AimsTo test the ability of a composite biomarker to discriminate between bipolar disorder patients and healthy control subjects and between affective states in bipolar disorder patients.MethodsmRNA expression of a set of 19 candidate genes and protein levels of immune markers and neurotrophic factors were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and combined with urinary levels of oxidized nucleosides of 37 rapid cycling bipolar disorder patients in different affective states (depression, mania and euthymia) during a 6–12-month period and in 40 age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects. A composite measure was constructed in the first half of the sample and independently validated in the second half of the sample. The composite measure was evaluated using ROC curves and by calculating sensitivity and specificity.ResultsStatistical analysis is ongoing. Results will be presented at the congress.ConclusionsA peripheral composite biomarker based on multiple biological pathways on both proteomic and gene expression levels may have potential as a clinically applicable biomarker.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Eating Disorders: How Can It Be Detected?
Authors: Silvia C.F. , Cano Ruiz P. , Gómez Peinado A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionDisorders of eating behavior can affect all people regardless of socioeconomic or cultural situation. More common in females (90-95%), has its peak incidence in adolescence. These are processes that can subtly start and go unnoticed at first.ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical, epidemiological, diagnostic approach of the disorder, evolution and treatment of disordered eating behavior.MethodsReview of the subject and recent articles on eating behavior disorders in Psychiatric guides and magazines.ResultsThe eating behavior disorders arise as a result of three factors: predisposing, precipitating and perpetuating. We must take into account the genetics and family history, dissatisfaction with body weight resulting in a restriction of diet and multi-disciplinary consequences of this disorder (physical, psychological and social) as perpetuating factors. We consider the coexistence of comorbidity between disordered eating behavior and personality disorders, mood disorders (depression) and disorders of impulse control.ConclusionsEating behavior disorders represent a major health problem that threatens the patient's life. Very important are the rapid detection of the same and the establishment of treatment. Treatment should be multidisciplinary with the patient and family, providing information on the approach to the patient, taking into account the lack of awareness of disease that often exists in patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.