bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stepping through the door – exploring low‐threshold services in Norwegian family centres
Authors: Bulling Ingunn Skjesol 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPublic policies encourage the service system to work in new ways to promote health and increase social equality. This paper presents four categories that show the character of the low‐threshold services in Norwegian family centres from the professionals' and parents' perspectives, focusing on accessibility and participation: easy access, low level of bureaucracy, collaborative competences and inclusive arena. This paper is based on an inductive study in three municipalities that have chosen to establish family centres as interdisciplinary co‐located services that aim to offer low‐threshold services for children and their families. Data were generated through a fieldwork, and participatory observation and interviews were the main source of data. The methodological framework for the analysis was grounded theory, in which the data generation and analysis interchanged throughout the study, and theoretical sampling set the focus for the fieldwork. Exploring the actor's perspective highlighted both strengths and challenges with the low‐threshold services in the family centres. The four elements presented emphasize that the value of these low‐threshold services are not found in one single hallmark; rather, the value depends on an interaction between different elements that must be addressed when establishing, evaluating and developing low‐threshold services in family centres.
Contact sensitization to limonene and linalool hydroperoxides in Spain: a GEIDAC* prospective study
Authors: Deza Gustavo , García‐Bravo Begoña , Silvestre Juan F. , Pastor‐Nieto Maria A. , González‐Pérez Ricardo , Heras‐Mendaza Felipe , Mercader Pedro , Fernández‐Redondo Virginia , Niklasson Bo , Giménez‐Arnau Ana M. ,   GEIDAC
Published: November 2016

SummaryBackgroundLimonene and linalool are common fragrance terpenes widely used in cosmetic, household and hygiene products. Their primary oxidation products formed after air exposure, the hydroperoxides, have been recognized as important contact haptens.ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence of contact allergy to hydroperoxides of limonene (Lim‐OOHs) and hydroperoxides of linalool (Lin‐OOHs) in Spain, and to define the optimal concentration for screening in consecutive patients.MethodsThree different concentrations of Lim‐OOHs (0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% pet.) and Lin‐OOHs (0.25%, 0.5% and 1.0% pet.) were simultaneously tested in 3639 consecutive patients at 22 departments of dermatology in Spain.ResultsLim‐OOHs at 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% yielded positive patch test reactions in 1.4%, 3.4% and 5.1% of the tested patients, respectively; and Lin‐OOHs at 0.25%, 0.5% and 1.0% yielded positive reactions in 1.3%, 2.9% and 4.9% of the tested patients, respectively. Few irritant (1.5–1.9%) and doubtful reactions (0.4–0.5%) to both terpene hydroperoxides were registered at the highest concentrations tested.ConclusionsLim‐OOHs and Lin‐OOHs can be considered as common causes of contact allergy, and their inclusion in an extended baseline patch test series therefore seems to be appropriate. The patch test preparations of Lim‐OOHs 0.3% pet. and Lin‐OOHs 1.0% pet. are useful tools for screening of contact sensitization.
Measuring changes of manual ability with ABILHAND‐Kids following intensive training for children with unilateral cerebral palsy
Authors: Bleyenheuft Yannick , Gordon Andrew M , Rameckers Eugène , Thonnard Jean‐Louis , Arnould Carlyne 
Published: November 2016

AimABILHAND‐Kids is a parent‐reported questionnaire measuring manual ability in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Its psychometric properties have been established, with the exception of responsiveness, which is examined here.MethodIn this cohort study, 98 children (46 males, 52 females; range 6–19y, mean 11y, standard deviation [SD] 3.3y) with unilateral CP underwent three assessments of upper extremity function: at baseline (T1); after 80 to 90 hours of intensive training (T2); and at follow‐up (T3). The responsiveness was analyzed using global, group (based on age and on Manual Ability Classification System [MACS] level), and individual approaches during two time periods (T1–T2 and T2–T3). Effect size was used to quantify magnitude of changes.ResultsThe global approach showed significant improvements between T1 and T2 (p<0.001) but not between T2 and T3 (p=0.222). In the group analyses, effect size and SRM demonstrated large changes in younger children (6–12y, n=52, mean change=1.06 logit, effect size >0.8) and small changes in the older children (13–19y, n=46, mean change=0.71 logit, effect size >0.4). Children in MACS level II demonstrated larger changes than children in MACS level I or III.InterpretationThe ABILHAND‐Kids exhibited responsiveness in detecting changes after intensive training. Therefore, this scale is potentially useful in assessing the functional status of children with unilateral CP in clinical trials.
Fatigue behaviour of 16Mo3 steel at elevated temperatures under uniaxial as well as biaxial‐planar loading
Authors: Kulawinski D , Hoffmann M , Weidner A , Lippmann T , Lamprecht G , Henkel S , Biermann H 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe isothermal fatigue behaviour of the ferritic steel 16Mo3 was investigated at 200 and 500 °C under uniaxial and biaxial‐planar loading. Furthermore, thermo‐mechanical fatigue behaviour under uniaxial loading was characterized under in‐phase (IP) and out‐of‐phase (OP) conditions between 200 and 500 °C. The fatigue lives of uniaxial and biaxial loading are in a good agreement to each other by using the distortion energy hypothesis according to von Mises. Under IP and OP thermo‐mechanical loading, nearly the same lifetimes were determined. They agree well with those of the isothermal tests at 500 °C. A recently developed fatigue lifetime model was applied on all tests and shows an excellent agreement within a scatter of two.
Fishing operations and adaptive strategies of small‐scale fishers: insights for fisheries management in data‐poor situations
Authors: Saldaña A. , Salas S. , Arce‐Ibarra A. M. , Torres‐Irineo E. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSmall‐scale fisheries' management is complex given its multigear, multispecies nature; despite this, fishing effort has usually been controlled by nominal units, ignoring changes in effective fishing effort. This study aimed to understand the adaptive strategies of small‐scale fishers in San Felipe, Yucatan, Mexico through an analysis of their fishing operations. Minor changes in trip numbers among three seasons were observed, but increases in fishing time, depth and travel costs from one season to another at the operational level were found. It was also evident that high value species at the beginning of the season were gradually replaced by low‐value finfish as the season progresses. The results provide insights for new adaptive management strategies according to fisher's adaptive responses. For instance, using boats or fishing trips as fishing effort units in Yucatan may not be the most appropriated unit for management, as fishers adapt their strategies at different levels.
French women's representations and experiences of the post‐treatment management of breast cancer and their perception of the general practitioner's role in follow‐up care: A qualitative study
Authors: Laporte Catherine , Vaure Julie , Bottet Anne , Eschalier Bénédicte , Raineau Clémentine , Pezet Denis , Vorilhon Philippe 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundIn France, the Cancer Plan II 2009‐2013 was launched to improve post‐cancer management and promote greater involvement of general practitioners (GPs) in follow‐up care.ObjectivesWe investigated how women experienced the post‐treatment management of breast cancer and perceived the role of the GP in follow‐up care.DesignWe conducted a qualitative study based on semi‐structured interviews with women with breast cancer in remission. The interviews were transcribed and analysed in accordance with the principles of thematic analysis.Setting and participantsWe interviewed 21 patients aged between 30 and 86. Eighteen breast cancer survivors were recruited from GP practices and five from a patients’ association.ResultsFour themes emerged from the thematic analysis: that breast cancer is a life‐changing event; how patients managed the effects of treatment; how patients viewed the future; and patients’ expectations of their GP.Discussion and conclusionFrench survivors of breast cancer perceived the physical changes caused by their illness to impact their womanhood, leading to difficulties with sexual relations, a diminished sense of self and fears for the future. They felt abandoned at the end of treatment and desired support. They appreciated the ease of contacting their GP but considered follow‐up care outside their remit. They agreed to be followed up by their GP, provided that they co‐operated closely with a cancer specialist. This is in accordance with the French Cancer Plan II 2009‐2013, which recommends greater involvement of GPs in a monitoring protocol shared with cancer specialists.
Benefits and tensions in delivering public health in community pharmacies – a qualitative study of healthy living pharmacy staff champions
Authors: Cooper Richard J , Tsoneva Jo 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Objective
Healthy Living Pharmacies (HLP) were introduced in the United Kingdom (UK) in a further attempt to deliver public health benefits in community pharmacy settings. Central to the initiative are staff trained as Healthy Living Champions (HLC) and this study sought to explore HLC perceptions of positive and negative aspect of their work and the wider scheme.

Methods
A qualitative study was undertaken with a purposive sample of HLCs working in pathfinder HCPs in the Sheffield area in 2014. Participants were recruited by email to either a focus group (n = 7) held at a training event or later semi-structured one-to-one interviews in pharmacies (n = 6). Four stages of interpretative phenomenological analysis were used to code and identify themes.

Key findings
Four main themes emerged relating to the positive workforce development impact HLPs had upon HLCs themselves and on perceived customer and patient engagement and benefits. Tensions were identified with existing commercial business demands and negative views overall of the pharmacy setting with a perceived lack of not only integration with other services but also awareness among the public and health care staff. HLCs felt empowered and more confident in initiating conversation about health issues with patients, but identified barriers relating to workload, a lack of time to perform their role, isolation, tensions with non-HLC staff and logistical barriers such as poor Internet access.

Conclusions
Delivering public health activities through the HLC role in UK pharmacies is associated with several perceived benefits for different stakeholders, but may be threatened by well recognised barriers in UK pharmacies related to the commercial setting.
Identifying fallacious arguments in a qualitative study of antipsychotic prescribing in dementia
Authors: Donyai Parastou 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background
Dementia can result in cognitive, noncognitive and behavioural symptoms which are difficult to manage. Formal guidelines for the care and management of dementia in the UK state that antipsychotics should only be prescribed where fully justified. This is because inappropriate use, particularly problematic in care-home settings, can produce severe side effects including death. The aim of this study was to explore the use of fallacious arguments in professionals’ deliberations about antipsychotic prescribing in dementia in care-home settings. Fallacious arguments have the potential to become unremarkable discourses that construct and validate practices which are counter to guidelines.

Methods
This qualitative study involved interviews with 28 care-home managers and health professionals involved in caring for patients with dementia. Potentially fallacious arguments were identified using qualitative content analysis and a coding framework constructed from existing explanatory models of fallacious reasoning.

Key findings
Fallacious arguments were identified in a range of explanations and reasons that participants gave for in answer to questions about initiating, reducing doses of and stopping antipsychotics in dementia. The dominant fallacy was false dichotomy. Appeal to popularity, tradition, consequence, emotion, or fear, and the slippery slope argument was also identified.

Conclusions
Fallacious arguments were often formulated to present convincing cases whereby prescribing antipsychotics or maintaining existing doses (versus not starting medication or reducing the dose, for example) appeared as the only acceptable decision but this is not always the case. The findings could help health professionals to recognise and mitigate the effect of logic-based errors in decisions about the prescribing of antipsychotics in dementia.
Lived experience of involuntary transport under mental health legislation
Authors: Bradbury Joanne , Hutchinson Marie , Hurley John , Stasa Helen 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPolice have historically been responsible for transporting people during a mental health crisis in Australia. A major change to the New South Wales (NSW) Mental Health Act (MHA) in 2007 expanded the range of coercive transportation agencies to include NSW Ambulance (paramedics) and NSW Health (mental health nurses). Anecdotal reports, however, describe a lack of clarity around how these changes should be implemented in practice. This research aims to explore this lack of clarity through qualitative analysis of interviews with people with the lived experience of involuntary transport under the MHA. Sixteen interviews were conducted; most (n = 14) interviews in northern NSW regions: six with people who had been transported (consumers), four with carers, and six with service providers (two police, one paramedic, and three mental health nurses). For consumers and carers, the police response was often perceived as too intense, particularly if the person was not violent. Carers were often conflicted by having to call for emergency intervention. Service providers were frustrated by a lack of a coordinated interagency response, resourcing issues, delays at emergency departments, and lack of adequate training. A central theme across all groups was the importance of communication styles. As one participant (consumer) said: ‘Everybody needs a lesson in kindness’. All groups agreed that high‐risk situations necessitate police involvement. However, invocation of the MHA during a high‐risk situation is fraught with stress and difficulties, leaving little room for empathetic communications. Effective and diverse, evidence‐based, early intervention strategies – both consensual and non‐consensual – are necessary to reduce the requirement for police involvement in mental health transports.
Estimating the Cost of Capital Using Stock Prices and Near‐term Earnings Forecasts
Authors: Easton Peter 
Published: November 2016

Earnings‐based valuation models, although long used by finance practitioners, have become increasingly popular among finance academics as well. Among the most important reasons for academics' increased acceptance of earnings‐based valuation is the well‐documented claim that earnings over a short (three‐ to four‐year) forecast horizon tend to capture a large fraction—as much as 80%—of today's value, much more than is captured by near‐term forecasts of free cash flow, the measure long advocated by finance theorists as the basis for DCF valuation.But most important for the purposes of this article, the recognition that such a large percentage of the current values of many public companies is captured within a short forecast horizon has led to a large academic literature that uses earnings‐based valuation models together with current stock prices to “back out” estimates of the companies' implied expected rates of return and costs of equity capital. The effectiveness and precision of such reverse engineering depend on the reliability of the forecasts both within a finite forecast horizon and beyond. And although the models tested in academic work, which are based on large samples of forecasts and hard‐to‐verify assumptions about earnings beyond the forecast horizon, often do not appear to provide useful estimates, the author argues that such reverse engineering of the valuation models should become straightforward and workable once reliable forecasts of earnings are obtained—say, from the corporate (or investment) analysts who are familiar with the operations of the companies they work for (or cover).
Do Investment Banks Have Incentives to Help Clients Make Value‐Creating Acquisitions?
Authors: McConnell John J. , Sibilkov Valeriy 
Published: November 2016

Many have long suspected that investment banks, when advising corporate clients on potential acquisitions, have strong incentives just to “get the deal done” with little if any motive for urging clients to walk away from “bad” deals. The incentive to complete deals comes from compensation arrangements in which the bulk of the bankers' fees depend upon completion of the deals. Several earlier studies have provided support for this suspicion by reporting findings that show banks' market shares of advisory services depending mainly on two variables—their previous market shares and their deal completion rate—with little if any connection to the value created (or destroyed) for their clients' shareholders.In their recently published study, the authors revisit that relationship and reach a number of different conclusions: (1) advisors in acquisitions that create more value for clients are more likely to be chosen for future deals; (2) the changes in bankers' advisory market shares are strongly related to the value created for prior clients; and (3) the changes in banks' market values are positively correlated with the value created for their acquirer clients.In sum, the findings suggest that banks have significant market‐related incentives to advise their clients to pursue value‐creating acquisitions and to avoid deals likely to reduce their market values.
EU Member States at the UN: A Case of Europeanization Arrested?
Authors: Smith Karen E. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis article addresses two questions about the EU's and EU Member States' diplomacy in the UN General Assembly's Third Committee and the Human Rights Council: have EU Member States been more, or less, active outside the framework of EU co‐ordination since the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty? Has EU activity increased? The findings are that EU Member States have been increasingly active at the Human Rights Council and have increasingly worked with other states outside of the EU, while the level of EU activity has remained largely the same. In the Third Committee, Member States speak more than the EU but neither the EU nor Member States have been sponsoring more resolutions. Europeanization is ‘arrested’ in these cases, as Member States are reluctant to push for more EU activity because both the internal intergovernmental decision‐making system and external context discourage it.
Effect of carbohydrate counting using bolus calculators on glycemic control in type 1 diabetes patients during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion
Authors: Yamada Eijiro , Okada Shuichi , Nakajima Yasuyo , Bastie Claire C , Tagaya Yuko , Osaki Aya , Shimoda Yoko , Shibusawa Ryo , Saito Tsugumichi , Ozawa Atsushi , Yamada Masanobu 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe present study examined the long‐term efficacy of insulin pump therapy for type 1 diabetes patients when carried out using carbohydrate counting with bolus calculators for 1 year. A total of 22 type 1 diabetes patients who had just started continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion were examined and divided into two groups: one that was educated about carbohydrate counting using bolus calculators (n = 14); and another that did not use bolus calculators (n = 8). After 1 year, the hemoglobin A1c levels of the patient group that used bolus calculators decreased persistently and significantly (P = 0.0297), whereas those of the other group did not. The bodyweight, total daily dose of insulin and bolus percentage of both groups did not change. Carbohydrate counting using bolus calculators is necessary to achieve optimal and persistent glycemic control in patients undergoing continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion.
A method to characterize the roughness of 2‐D line features: recrystallization boundaries
Authors: SUN J. , ZHANG Y.B. , DAHL A.B. , CONRADSEN K. , JUUL JENSEN D. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryA method is presented, which allows quantification of the roughness of nonplanar boundaries of objects for which the neutral plane is not known. The method provides quantitative descriptions of both the local and global characteristics. How the method can be used to estimate the sizes of rough features and local curvatures is also presented. The potential of the method is illustrated by quantification of the roughness of two recrystallization boundaries in a pure Al specimen characterized by scanning electron microscopy.
Role of a heterotrimeric G‐protein, Gi2, in the corticogenesis: possible involvement in periventricular nodular heterotopia and intellectual disability
Authors: Hamada Nanako , Negishi Yutaka , Mizuno Makoto , Miya Fuyuki , Hattori Ayako , Okamoto Nobuhiko , Kato Mitsuhiro , Tsunoda Tatsuhiko , Yamasaki Mami , Kanemura Yonehiro , Kosaki Kenjiro , Tabata Hidenori , Saitoh Shinji , Nagata Koh‐ichi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe analyzed the role of a heterotrimeric G‐protein, Gi2, in the development of the cerebral cortex. Acute knockdown of the α‐subunit (Gαi2) with in utero electroporation caused delayed radial migration of excitatory neurons during corticogenesis, perhaps because of impaired morphology. The migration phenotype was rescued by an RNAi‐resistant version of Gαi2. On the other hand, silencing of Gαi2 did not affect axon elongation, dendritic arbor formation or neurogenesis at ventricular zone in vivo. When behavior analyses were conducted with acute Gαi2‐knockdown mice, they showed defects in social interaction, novelty recognition and active avoidance learning as well as increased anxiety. Subsequently, using whole‐exome sequencing analysis, we identified a de novo heterozygous missense mutation (c.680C>T; p.Ala227Val) in the GNAI2 gene encoding Gαi2 in an individual with periventricular nodular heterotopia and intellectual disability. Collectively, the phenotypes in the knockdown experiments suggest a role of Gαi2 in the brain development, and impairment of its function might cause defects in neuronal functions which lead to neurodevelopmental disorders.
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