bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemodynamics following Prophylactic Phenylephrine Infusion in patients undergoing Cesarean Section under Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Gauchan Sabin , Thapa Chitra , Acharya Sulav , Khanal Anupa 
Published: September 2024

Introduction Phenylephrine is considered the vasopressor of choice in hypotension associated with obstetric spinal anesthesia. But the dose and mode of administration that is effective yet safe in mother as well as fetus remains controversial. We studied the hemodynamics of parturients who received prophylactic infusion of phenylephrine 50µg/min following spinal anesthesia.
MethodsPatients posted for elective cesarean section received a prophylactic phenylephrine infusion of 50µg/min immediately after spinal anesthesia for 30 minutes. Parturients were also co-loaded with lactated Ringer’s solution 1 litre. Blood pressure and heart rate was monitored at an interval of 3min initially and after the delivery of baby interval was increased to 5min. Episodes of hypotension, reactive hypertension and bradycardia in mother were recorded. Neonatal APGAR score at 1 and 5min was also recorded.
ResultsOne hundred and forty parturients were included in the study. Twenty patients (14.28%) developed hypotension. Out of 20 patients who developed hypotension, 3 patients (15%) had a single episode, 11 patients (55%) had 2 episodes and 6 patients (30%) had 3 episodes of hypotension. Three patients (2.14%) had reactive hypertension. None of the patients had bradycardia. There was no episode of hypotension induced nausea vomiting. Mean APGAR score at 1min and 5min was 8 and 9 respectively.
ConclusionThe prevalence of hypotension with prophylactic phenylephrine infusion was low. We found minimal episodes of reactive hypertension, no episodes of bradycardia and no adverse effect on fetus. It can be regarded a safe means to minimize hypotension in obstetric spinal anesthesia.
Antimicrobial Sensitivity among Bacterial Isolates from Sputum Samples in a Tertiary level Hospital
Authors: Kaundinnyayana Sammodavardhana , Chaudhary Raina , Khadka Anjan , Bhatta Sabita , Rayamajhi Heleena , Sharma Manoj 
Published: September 2024

Introduction Emergence of antimicrobial resistance is a huge challenge in management of pneumonia especially health care associated ones. Culture and sensitivity test of the bacteria from sputum samples is not only useful for rational treatment of respiratory bacterial infections of individual cases but also for surveillance of changing sensitivity status of prevalent organisms. The aim of this study was to find the bacterial sensitivity pattern from the sputum samples and endotracheal aspirates.
MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in Shree Birendra Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Standard guideline was followed for sputum culture and identification of the bacterial isolates. The antimicrobial susceptibility test was conducted using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. Every bacterial isolate's sensitivity was studies and noted.
ResultsThe culture positivity rate was 9.87% (99/1003). Predominant isolates were gram-negative bacteria (97.4%). Pseudomonas spp. was the most frequent isolate (31%). Among the all isolates, 48.1% of Pseudomonas spp., 81.5% of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 60% of Escherichia coli isolates showed meropenem resistance. Imipenem and meropenem resistance was observed in 91.7% of the isolates of Acinetobacter spp. Rate of resistance to carbapenems i.e. imipenem and meropenem was higher in comparison to rate of resistance to aminoglycosides in all of the gram-negative isolates.
ConclusionThe isolates belonging to Enterobacterales and the Acinetobacter spp. have been found to have high incidence of resistance to carbapenems in comparison to other groups of antibacterial agents.
Intranasal Corticosteroid Spray Usage in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis: Correctness in Technique and Compliance
Authors: Gurung Urmila , Khadgi Sajish 
Published: September 2024

Introduction Intranasal corticosteroid spray (INCS) needs to be administered correctly and regularly for it to be effective in treating allergic rhinitis. This study aimed to assess the correctness of technique and compliance of intranasal corticosteroid spray usage in patients with allergic rhinitis.
MethodsIt was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Dept of ENT-Head and Neck surgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital from April to September 2023. Patients aged 18 or more with allergic rhinitis on INCS or had been on INCS in the past three months were assessed for INCS administration technique based on EPOS 2020 checklist and their compliance asked. Factors that could hinder the correct techniques and compliance were assessed.
ResultsA total of 138 patients, 71 males and 67 females, aged 18 to 55 years were included. Most of them (60/138; 43.5%) had completed secondary level education. 97.1% (134/138) had been prescribed INCS spray by ENT doctor and 89.13% (124/ 138) had received verbal instructions mostly by ENT doctor (91.1%). 7.2% (10/138) completed all the steps as per EPOS 2020 checklist whilst 25/138 (18.1%) completed five essential steps. The correctness of the INCS administration technique however did not differ with age, gender, academic qualification, prescriber or whether instructions were given or not. 119/138 (86.2%) patients reported being compliant.
ConclusionINCS spray was scarcely administered with the correct technique although the compliance was good. This study emphasizes the need for effective patient and healthcare worker education pertaining to correct INCS technique.
Effect of Hemolysis on Serum Markers of Liver Function
Authors: Bhattarai Aseem , Thapa Ranjana , Dubey Raju Kumar , Raut Mithileshwar , Niraula Apeksha , Sharma Vijay , Tuladhar Eans Tara 
Published: September 2024

Introduction Samples received in the laboratory are often rejected because of visible hemolysis. Every laboratory has protocols on whether to accept or reject hemolyzed samples based on tests ordered. The objective of the study was to observe and analyze the variations seen in association with hemolyzed samples in liver function test parameters and electrolytes measurement.
MethodsThis cross-sectional observational study was carried out in 88 laboratory samples in the Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory. Hemolysis was induced by mechanical mixing. This study compared reported values of bilirubin, protein, albumin, aminotransferases (ALT and AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), sodium and potassium between hemolyzed and non-hemolyzed samples.
ResultsMean values of total bilirubin (TB) and direct bilirubin (TB), ALT, ALP, GGT and sodium (Na) were found to be significantly decreased post hemolysis (p<=0.001) with mean variances (σ2) at 0.30 (TB), 0.38 (DB), 0.56 (ALT), 0.18 (ALP), 0.01 (GGT) and 0.001 (Na). In contrast, mean values of AST (σ2= -0.9, p<0.001) and potassium (σ2 = -0.3, p<0.001) were found to be significantly elevated post hemolysis. Total protein and albumin were also found to be elevated in hemolyzed samples but the average variance was not statistically significant. Degree of hemolysis had highly varying effects in some parameters like AST and total protein, but less varying and more consistent effects on other measured parameters.
ConclusionFree hemoglobin estimation should be considered before rejecting a clinical sample because of hemolysis. Mathematical equations cannot be expected to reproduce corrected values of the analytes in question because of the large variances, so these tests need to be repeated on non-hemolyzed samples for the analytes that are affected.Keywords
Clinicopathological Outcome of Early and Late Onset Renal Cell Carcinoma: An Observational Study
Authors: Pandit Durga , Sharma Uttam Kumar , Chalise Pawan Raj , Luitel Bhojraj , Chapagain Suman , Poudyal Sujeet , Pradhan Manish Man , Parajuli Purushottam , Guragain Bipin , Gyawali Milan , Phuyal Anjit , Gyawali Prem 
Published: September 2024

Introduction Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is considered a disease of old age and is typically found in the 6th-8th decade of life. The diagnosis of RCC is increasing more rapidly in younger age patients. This study was conducted to evaluate the clinicopathological pattern and outcome of early onset RCC and compare them with the older age group patients.
MethodsThis was a single center observational study. All the patients undergoing radical or partial nephrectomy during the period of November 2019 to October 2022 for renal masses and whose final histopathology report showed RCC were included in the study. Clinicopathological patterns and outcome were compared between the two age groups.
ResultsAmong 47 patients, 17 (36.2%) patients were at or below the age of ≤46 years and 30 (63.8%) patients in older age group. There was significant difference in male (29): female (18) ratio between the two age groups (p < 0.005). Younger age patients (≤46 yrs) had higher stage of disease at presentation compared with the older age (>46 yrs) patients [tumor extension into major veins and perinephric tissue (T3) and above 26 vs 21] and they had significantly higher mortality rate (29.4% vs 3.3%, p =0.01).
ConclusionPatients aged ≤46 years of age were more frequently affected by RCC with female predominance. Younger age group had higher stage of disease at presentation with higher mortality in comparison to older age group.
Defining Vascular Anatomy of Kidney and Variation among Potential Live Kidney Donors Using Spiral Computed Tomographic Angiography
Authors: Chalise Pawan Raj , Luitel Bhojraj , Chapagain Suman , Poudyal Sujeet , Pradhan Manish Man , Gyawali Prem Raj , Singh Shah Dibya 
Published: September 2024

Introduction This study measured the accuracy of spiral computed tomographic angiography (SCTA) in defining renal vascular anatomy and estimating the prevalence of renal vascular anomalies in live kidney donors.
MethodsThis prospective clinical study included 400 live-related-donor nephrectomies from June 2017 to December 2023. Renal vascular anatomy was described after SCTA. Reporting included the number of renal arteries and veins. Analysis was done by considering intraoperative findings as “actual” findings and compared to preoperative SCTA images for their prediction. For donated side kidneys, the prevalence of vascular variations was calculated using surgical and SCTA findings. The non-donated side was evaluated using SCTA alone.
ResultsFour-hundred live-donor nephrectomies were performed including 326 left and 74 right-sided cases. Of the 400 kidneys harvested, 429 renal arteries were detected out of which 414 arteries (96.5 %) were predicted by SCTA. Fifteen accessory renal arteries (1-2 mm) were identified at nephrectomy, which was not predicted. In two cases, SCTA was reported to have renal arterial stenosis (multiple in one and in mid-part in the other) which turned out to be normal intraoperatively. Similarly, 417 renal veins were detected in 400 harvested kidneys. Out of these, 408 renal veins (97.8 %) were predicted by SCTA. Two renal arteries were found in 161 Kidneys and three renal arteries were found in seven kidneys. In addition, two renal veins were found in 35 kidneys.
ConclusionSpiral computed tomographic angiography provided a reliable and accurate assessment of renal vascular anatomy and its variations in live donor nephrectomy. Small accessory arteries were missed occasionally.
Enhancing Multi-Cloud Storage: A Hybrid Framework Using Interleaving and LT Codes
Authors: Chansaeng Tanagrit , Khemapatapan Chaiyaporn 
Published: September 2024

This article presents a novel framework for enhancing the integrity and availability of data stored on multi-cloud storage systems. The proposed technique leverages a combination of interleaving and Luby transform (LT) codes, specifically employing either ideal or robust soliton distribution during the LT encoding stage. The proposed technique is rigorously designed, incorporating data preparation facilitated by a cloud broker and culminating in the measurement of key performance indicators (KPIs). A central component of the framework is data processing, which involves interleaving followed by the LT encoding with soliton distribution selection. The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated through data integrity, data availability, and others. The results demonstrate that using the robust soliton distribution offers a pragmatic balance between computational efficiency and robust data integrity, particularly crucial in dynamic multi-cloud environments. Additionally, the proposed technique achieves a high level of data integrity of more than 0.97 and strong resilience with average data availability of 98%. However, further optimization is necessary to address storage overhead, retrieval time, and computational overhead. Despite these considerations, the framework remains significant, especially within the context of confidentiality, integrity, and availability for multi-cloud storage protection. The proposed technique underscores the potential of integrating interleaving and LT codes to revolutionize data storage and access within cloud environments, paving the way for future innovations in the field.
Causes and Countermeasure of Job Burnout of Funeral Workers from the Perspective of Public Management in Anhui Province, China
Authors: Li Honghui , Sutthisai Watcharin 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aim: The purposes of this study were 1) to study the causes of job burnout of funeral workers from the perspective of public management in Anhui Province.2) to study the countermeasures of job burnout of funeral workers from the perspective of public management in Anhui Province and 3) to study the recommendations of job burnout of funeral workers from the perspective of public management in Anhui Province. In this study, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 8 funeral practitioners from 4 funeral institutions in Anhui province (taking 4 funeral institutions in Hefei, Anhui Province as examples).
Materials and Methods: Through interviews with key informants who represented a range of roles within the funeral industry and a focus on four funeral agencies, the study carefully investigated the funeral industry in Anhui Province. Eight people—funeral directors, cremators, embalming surgeons, funeral attendants, and people who handle remains—provided insights between 2023 and 2023, offering a thorough picture of the dynamics and practices of the industry in the area.
Results: (1) The causes of job burnout of funeral workers from the perspective of public management in Anhui Province on the whole are under great pressure. The social prejudice against the funeral profession and the oppressive working environment. (2) In terms of personal characteristics, funeral workers have significant differences in their work stress responses due to differences in gender, age, working hours, and specific work content; In terms of education level, marital status, and position, there is no significant difference in work stress response of funeral workers. (3) From the analysis of various dimensions of work stress sources for funeral workers, the five dimensions of workload, colleague relationship, work environment, family relationship, and social 2influence have significant predictive effects on the overall work stress response.
Conclusion: Funeral workers in Anhui Province experience severe job burnout as a result of social prejudice, oppressive working conditions, and a variety of personal issues. Workload, colleague relationships, the work environment, family dynamics, and social influence all have a significant impact on work stress, and reactions vary by gender, age, and job type.
Analisis driven factor pertambahan penduduk dari persepsi lingkungan masyarakat (studi kasus Jakarta Pusat)
Authors: Ganesha Ezra , Husein Sabarina 
Published: September 2024

Latar Belakang: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis driven factor dari fenomena pertambahan penduduk di wilayah khususnya Jakarta Pusat berdasarkan analisis persepsi penduduk terhadap lingkungannya. Perkembangan Ibukota dimulai dengan pusat kegiatan berada di sepanjang Kota Tua hingga Cikini dan Menteng. Ekspansi yang terjadi meluas melalui pinggir – pinggir pusat kegiatan, berdampak ke kota – kota dipinggir Jakarta, seperti Tangerang, Depok, Bekasi, dan Bogor. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan menggunakan mixed methods (kuantitatif dan kualitatif) dengan tujuan menganalisis dan mengidentifikasi permasalahan pertumbuhan wilayah terhadap kualitas lingkungan dari sudut pandang penduduk yang bermigrasi dan penduduk yang lebih lama menetap di tempat yang sama. Temuan: Gambaran tentang fasilitas publik yang menunjukkan wilayah Jakarta Pusat sudah sejak lama lebih baik daripada wilayah yang lain. Kelengkapan fasilitas formal pemerintah merupakan hal-hal mendasar yang cukup bagi seseorang memilih tempat tinggal. Fasilitas Publik yang dapat diakses secara gratis menjadi daya tarik Jakarta Pusat sebagai tempat tinggal. Pertambahan penduduk dapat disimpulkan berdasarkan hasil wawancara, penduduk lama cenderung menetap karena lengkapnya fasilitas dan kenyamanan hubungan sosial antar masyarakat, serta berbagai faktor penarik bagi pendatang untuk tinggal dan bekerja di Jakarta Pusat. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil temuan diketahui bahwa terdapat berbagai faktor yang memengaruhi masyaraka untuk tinggal dalam suatu wilayah. Jakarta Pusat merupakan wilayah pusat administrasi DKI Jakarta, maka sudah seharusnya memiliki kelengkapan fasilitas formal yang baik. Fasilitas memadai inilah yang menjadi daya tarik masyarakat untuk menetap.
Kajian analisis dampak pertumbuhan penduduk terhadap tata guna lahan di kota administratif Jakarta Utara
Authors: Fubani Amalia fubani 
Published: September 2024

Latar Belakang: Kota Administrasi Jakarta Utara merupakan kota yang berada di pesisir pulau Jawa. Meskipun letaknya dipesisir, namun karakteristik wilayah ini masuk dalam ekosistem perkotaan. Sebagai sebuah ekosistem perkotaan, permasalahan yang terjadi adalah peledakan kepadatan penduduk akibat dari urbanisasi yang juga berdampak pada perubahan tata guna lahan sebagai pemenuh kebutuhan masyarakat di dalamnya. Metode: Dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kepustakaan dan analisis spasial penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pertumbuhan penduduk dan penggunaan lahan serta dikaitkan dengan keberadaan regulasi Perda No.1 Tahun 2012 serta Perpres 60 tahun 2020. Temuan: Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa kepadatan penduduk telah meningkat 90% dibandingkan tahun 2000. Perubahan guna lahan banyak yang sudah tidak sesuai dengan kondisi tahun 2000, namun hunian vertikal dapat menjadi satu solusi bagi kepadatan penduduk dan pertumbuhan wilayah. Kesimpulan: Keberadaan regulasi dapat menjadi payung pengelolaan lingkungan dan tata guna ruang di kawasan Jakarta Utara, namun disisi yang lain juga bisa menyebabkan kurang optimalnya fungsi lingkungan.
Indekos berkonsep kapsul sebagai bentuk adaptasi bertempat tinggal warga Dki Jakarta menghadapi keterbatasan
Authors: Nur Bellanti , Dinar Dara T.P.P  , Jefri Edi Irawan Gultom  , Nadya Paramitha Putri  
Published: September 2024

Latar Belakang: Keterbatasan ruang dan finansial yang dialami oleh sebagian besar pemduduk kelas ekonomi menengah dan bawah menimbulkan berbagai cara bertempat tinggal dan bentuk tempat tinggal. Hal tersebut mendorong para pelaku bisnis untuk mendirikan tempat-tempat usaha yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan bertempat tinggal tersebut, salah satunya adalah usaha indekos Sleep Box dengan konsep hunian kapsul. Namun, pendirian indekos tersebut menuai pro-kontra dari berbagai kalangan karena dianggap tidak memenuhi persyaratan tata ruang bangunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjawab pertanyaan apakah hunian dengan konsep kapsul dapat menjadi solusi dari permasalahan keterbatasan lahan dan finansial penduduk DKI Jakarta. Metode: Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah obsevasi langsung, wawancara tidak terstruktur, dan pengumpulan data sekuder terkait. Adapun pendektan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Tujuannya untuk menganalisis, memotret dan mengkonstruksi situasi sosial yang terjadi sampai pada tahap pemaknaan.. Temuan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kehadiran Indekos Sleep box dengan konsep hunian kapsul memiliki sisi posifit dan negatifSisi positifnya adalah memberikan tempat tinggal dengan harga terjangkau di pusat kota, sedangkan sisi negatifnya terkait dengan ukuran kamar yang tidak memenuhi kebutuhan keamanan bertempat tinggal bagi penghuninya. Namun, hal tersebut tidak dapat dijadikan patokan oleh Pemerintah untuk melakukan penyegelan indekos Sleep Box secara sepihak sebab penyegelan secara sepihak akan mengakibatkan penghuni indekos merugi dan bahkan kehilangan tempat tinggalnya. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, kesimpulannya adalah Pemerintah harus jeli melihat perbedaan kebutuhan hunian layak pada setiap penduduk DKI Jakarta guna menyediakan hunian yang dapat diterima oleh penduduk.
Culture-based agricultural development model in dragen village, Jaten subdistrict, Karanganyar regency
Authors: Saraswati Aisya Diva , Putri Andrealina Mulyo Dewi , Novianingtyas Marisa , Farhan Muhammad , Hidayah Tasya Fitria , Antriyandarti Ernoiz 
Published: September 2024

Background: Agriculture plays an important role in a country's economic development. However, the agricultural sector often faces challenges in sustainable development. This research aims to identify the potential and factors causing agricultural problems and analyse structural transformation in Dagen Village, Karanganyar Regency. Methods: The research method used a descriptive approach with data collection through interviews and literature studies. Results: The results showed that Dagen Village has great agricultural potential, but the lack of community interest in the agricultural sector and farmers' lack of knowledge about modern agricultural techniques are the main obstacles in utilising this potential. In addition, structural transformation is also occurring in Dagen Village, where there is a shift from the traditional agricultural sector to the modern economic sector. Findings: The importance of paying attention to cultural aspects in agricultural development and structural transformation is also highlighted in this study, as culture plays a role in shaping people's mindset and behaviour towards agriculture and economic development. Conclusion: Thus, this research provides insight into the importance of integration between aspects of culture, agriculture, and economic development in the context of rural development.