bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shopping for yourself versus shopping for someone else
Authors: Gillison Stephanie , Reynolds Kristy 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
Shoppers often shop for and purchase products for other individuals during the course of routine shopping experiences. The purpose of this study is to investigate differences in the shopping trip based on whether the shopper is purchasing a product for him/herself, purchasing a product for someone else’s use that is not intended as a gift and gift purchases.

Design/methodology/approach
This research utilizes a survey of shoppers to test the proposed hypotheses.

Findings
The results of the study indicate differences in positive affect, flow, fantasy, satisfaction, hedonic shopping value and utilitarian shopping value across the three groups of shoppers. Individuals shopping for themselves generally have the lowest overall shopping trip outcomes, followed by those shopping for a non-gift product for another person. Those making gift purchases have highest shopping trip outcomes.

Originality/value
While existing shopping research generally assumes the shopper is making a purchase for him/herself, this study shows previous research by showing differences in the shopping trip based on who the shopper is making a purchase for, either him/herself or someone else. Additionally, this research also shows differences between shoppers making gift and non-gift purchases for another person.
Evaluation of Postmortem Cerebrospinal Fluid S100B Protein and Serotonin Levels: Comparison of Suicidal Versus Nonsuicidal Deaths in Konya, Turkey
Authors: Dogan Kamil Hakan , Unaldi Mustafa , Demirci Serafettin 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAlthough suicide is a preventable public health problem, objective assays for suicide risk are limited. In this study, it was aimed to determine levels of S100B protein and serotonin as a marker for risk of suicide. S100B protein and serotonin levels were investigated with ELISA method in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in medicolegal autopsy cases, including those of suicide cases (n = 32) and nonsuicide cases (n = 56). The CSF S100B levels were higher (9.3 ± 2.9 ng/mL vs. 5.4 ± 2.0 ng/mL), and serotonin levels were lower (10.4 ± 4.9 ng/mL vs. 19.0 ± 5.7 ng/mL) in suicide group than nonsuicide group (p < 0.05). There was no correlation between S100B protein and serotonin levels with gender, age groups, postmortem interval, and cause of death. It is concluded that both S100B protein and serotonin in CSF may be useful for determination of suicide risk.
Photo‐patch and patch tests in patients with dermatitis over the photo‐exposed areas: A study of 101 cases from a tertiary care centre in India
Authors: Sharma Vinod Kumar , Bhari Neetu , Wadhwani Ashok Roopchand , Bhatia Riti 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundMany patients with dermatitis over photo‐exposed body areas are positive to many contact allergens and have a pre‐existing allergic contact dermatitis.MethodsThis study included patients who presented to a tertiary centre in India with dermatitis on photo‐exposed body areas suspected of chronic actinic dermatitis. Their detailed histories were recorded and cutaneous and systemic examinations were performed. Patch testing was done in all the patients and photo‐patch testing was carried out in 86 patients.ResultsAltogether 101 patients were included (69 males, 32 females). The most common presentation was lichenified hyperpigmented plaques on the photo‐exposed sites. Photosensitivity was recorded in 64 (63%) patients and summer exacerbation in 52 (52%). Exposure to the Parthenium hysterophorus weed was recorded in 70 (69%) patients, 27 (26.7%) had a history of hair dye application and 20 (20%) had a history of atopy. Photo‐patch test was positive in 11 (12.8%) patients and patch testing was positive in 71 (70%). Parthenium hysterophorus was the most common allergen implicated and was positive in three (4%) photo‐patch and 52 (52%) patch tests. Other positive photo‐patch test allergens were perfume mix, balsam of Peru, thiuram mix, Compositae mix and promethazine hydrochloride. Other common patch test allergens were parthenolide, colophony, fragrance mix and p‐phenylenediamine (PPD) base.ConclusionIn the Indian population parthenium and perfume mix are the most common photoallergens in patients with dermatitis over photo‐exposed areas, while parthenium, colophony, fragrance mix and PPD are the common positive allergens.
Linear atrophoderma of Moulin: a disease related to immunity or a kind of connective tissue disease?
Authors: Yan Wei , Wang Sheng , Liu Hong‐Jie , Wang Lin , Li Wei , Ran Yu‐Ping , Zhang Min 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe describe a 28‐year‐old man with linear atrophoderma of Moulin (LAM), whose serum immunological markers were abnormal (including antinuclear antibody, ribonucleoprotein, immunoglobulin M and anti‐SM antibody). In addition, however, a histological analysis identified unexpected connective tissue disease changes in this patient. We speculate that the pathogenesis of LAM is associated with immunity or that LAM itself is a kind of connective tissue disease.
Outcomes following management of squamous cell carcinoma of the scalp: A retrospective series of 235 patients treated at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre
Authors: Estall Vanessa , Allen Angela , Webb Angela , Bressel Mathias , McCormack Chris , Spillane John 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundSquamous cell carcinoma of the scalp is a common clinical problem in an aging population. Despite its high incidence, little has been documented regarding treatment or outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed 235 cases treated with curative intent at Peter MaCallum Cancer Centre between 1998 and 2010. The cohort was analysed for its characteristics, management, survival and prognostic factors.ResultsThe patients were primarily male (88%) with a median age of 79 years (range 53–98 years). There was a high proportion of immunosuppressed patients (29%) and stage T2 (48%) tumours. Management included surgery (45%), radiotherapy (28%) and surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy (26%). Median follow up from treatment was 4.5 years. Estimated 5‐year overall survival (OS), disease‐specific survival and progression‐free survival (PFS) were 59, 94 and 51%, respectively. The 5‐year cumulative incidence of local and regional relapse was 11 and 7%, respectively. There were four patients who developed distant metastases and died of their disease. Statistically significant prognostic factors identified for poor outcomes for OS and PFS were T2 stage (hazard ratio [1.7 and 2.1) and immunosuppression (HR 3.3 and 3.4).ConclusionsWe conclude the presence of immunosuppression and T2 stage is prognostic for survival. Further research to establish treatment principles is warranted.
Private sector surgical training: feasibility through the lens of appendicectomy
Authors: Yap Raymond , Cullinan Mark 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundTraining in medicine and surgery has been a public hospital responsibility in Australia. Increasing specialist training needs has led to pressure on speciality societies to find additional training posts, with one utilized solution being the establishment of private hospital training. This growing use has been despite no previously published evaluations of private hospital training in Australia. This article seeks to evaluate the feasibility of surgical training in private hospitals in appendicectomy.MethodsData were prospectively collected on registrar involvement in appendicectomy cases at a single private tertiary institution over 1 year. These data were divided into groups according to registrar involvement and analysed, looking at training caseload, operating theatre time and complications.ResultsA total of 122 cases were analysed over the study period. Registrars were more likely to have increased primary operator responsibility if they were an accredited versus unaccredited registrar (P = 0.04) and if the case was open versus laparoscopic (P < 0.001). There was an increase of 15% in total procedure time when the registrar was involved (P = 0.04). There was no significant difference in complications whether the registrar was involved or not.ConclusionTraining in the private sector in Australia appears feasible, with a small loss of efficiency and no increase in complications. This article hopes to further encourage implementation and evaluation of private sector training programs to expand current training positions. Further studies, in different specialty and procedural domains, are needed to assess and evaluate the ongoing feasibility of private sector training.
Cerebral Microembolization During Aortic Valve Replacement Using Minimally Invasive or Conventional Extracorporeal Circulation: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Basciani Reto , Kröninger Felix , Gygax Erich , Jenni Hansjörg , Reineke David , Stucki Monika , Hagenbuch Niels , Carrel Thierry , Eberle Balthasar , Erdoes Gabor 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTo compare intraoperative cerebral microembolic load between minimally invasive extracorporeal circulation (MiECC) and conventional extracorporeal circulation (CECC) during isolated surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), we conducted a randomized trial in patients undergoing primary elective SAVR at a tertiary referral hospital. The primary outcome was the procedural phase‐related rate of high‐intensity transient signals (HITS) on transcranial Doppler ultrasound. HITS rate was used as a surrogate of cerebral microembolism in pre‐defined procedural phases in SAVR using MiECC or CECC with (+F) or without (−F) an oxygenator with integrated arterial filter. Forty‐eight patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to MiECC or CECC. Due to intraprocedural Doppler signal loss (n = 3), 45 patients were included in final analysis. MiECC perfusion regimen showed a significantly increased HITS rate compared to CECC (by a factor of 1.75; 95% confidence interval, 1.19–2.56). This was due to different HITS rates in procedural phases from aortic cross‐clamping until declamping [phase 4] (P = 0.01), and from aortic declamping until stop of extracorporeal perfusion [phase 5] (P = 0.05). Post hoc analysis revealed that MiECC−F generated a higher HITS rate than CECC+F (P = 0.005), CECC−F (P = 0.05) in phase 4, and CECC−F (P = 0.03) in phase 5, respectively. In open‐heart surgery, MiECC is not superior to CECC with regard to gaseous cerebral microembolism. When using MiECC for SAVR, the use of oxygenators with integrated arterial line filter appears highly advisable. Only with this precaution, MiECC confers a cerebral microembolic load comparable to CECC during this type of open heart surgery.
Human Hepatic HepaRG Cells Maintain an Organotypic Phenotype with High Intrinsic CYP450 Activity/Metabolism and Significantly Outperform Standard HepG2/C3A Cells for Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Nelson Leonard J. , Morgan Katie , Treskes Philipp , Samuel Kay , Henderson Catherine J. , LeBled Claire , Homer Natalie , Grant M. Helen , Hayes Peter C. , Plevris John N. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractConventional in vitro human hepatic models for drug testing are based on the use of standard cell lines derived from hepatomas or primary human hepatocytes (PHHs). Limited availability, interdonor functional variability and early phenotypic alterations in PHHs restrict their use, whilst standard cell lines such as HepG2 lack a substantial and variable set of liver‐specific functions such as CYP450 activity. Alternatives include the HepG2‐derivative C3A cells selected as a more differentiated and metabolically active hepatic phenotype. Human HepaRG cells are an alternative organotypic co‐culture model of hepatocytes and cholangiocytes reported to maintain in vivo‐like liver‐specific functions, including intact Phase I–III drug metabolism. In this study, we compared C3A and human HepaRG cells using phenotypic profiling, CYP450 activity and drug metabolism parameters to assess their value as hepatic models for pre‐clinical drug testing or therapeutics. Compared with C3As, HepaRG co‐cultures exhibit a more organotypic phenotype, including evidence of hepatic polarity with the strong expression of CYP3A4, the major isoform involved in the metabolism of over 60% of marketed drugs. Significantly greater CYP450 activity and expression of CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4 genes in HepaRG cells (comparable with that of human liver tissue) was demonstrated. Moreover, HepaRG cells also preferentially expressed the hepatic integrin α5β1 – an important modulator of cell behaviour including growth and survival, differentiation and polarity. Drug metabolite profiling of phenacetin (CYP1A2) and testosterone (CYP3A4) using LC‐MS/MS and HPLC, respectively, revealed that HepaRGs had more intact (Phase I–II) metabolism profile. Thus, HepaRG cells significantly outperform C3A cells for the potential pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications.
Structure–activity relationship studies of benzyl‐, phenethyl‐, and pyridyl‐substituted tetrahydroacridin‐9‐amines as multitargeting agents to treat Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Osman Wesseem , Mohamed Tarek , Sit Victor Munsing , Vasefi Maryam S. , Beazely Michael A. , Rao Praveen P. N. 
Published: June 2016

A library of substituted tetrahydroacridin‐9‐amine derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as dual cholinesterase and amyloid aggregation inhibitors. Compound 8e (N‐(3,4‐dimethoxybenzyl)‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroacridin‐9‐amine) was identified as a potent inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE IC50 = 20 nm; AChE IC50 = 2.2 μm) and was able to inhibit amyloid aggregation (40% inhibition at 25 μm). Compounds 9e (6‐chloro‐N‐(3,4‐dimethoxybenzyl)‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroacridin‐9‐amine, AChE IC50 = 0.8 μm; BuChE IC50 = 1.4 μm; Aβ‐aggregation inhibition = 75.7% inhibition at 25 μm) and 11b (6‐chloro‐N‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenethyl)‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroacridin‐9‐amine, AChE IC50 = 0.6 μm; BuChE IC50 = 1.9 μm; Aβ‐aggregation inhibition = 85.9% inhibition at 25 μm) were identified as the best compounds with dual cholinesterase and amyloid aggregation inhibition. The picolylamine‐substituted compound 12c (6‐chloro‐N‐(pyridin‐2‐ylmethyl)‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroacridin‐9‐amine) was the most potent AChE inhibitor (IC50 = 90 nm). These investigations demonstrate the utility of 3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl substituent as a novel pharmacophore possessing dual cholinesterase inhibition and anti‐Aβ‐aggregation properties that can be used in the design and development of small molecules with multitargeting ability to treat Alzheimer's disease.
Why, when and how should immunosuppressive therapy considered in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy?
Authors: Rasche F M , Keller F , Rasche W G , Schiekofer S , Boldt A , Sack U , Fahnert J 
Published: June 2016

SummaryIgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. Lifelong mesangial deposition of IgA1 complexes subsist inflammation and nephron loss, but the complex pathogenesis in detail remains unclear. In regard to the heterogeneous course, classical immunosuppressive and specific therapeutic regimens adapted to the loss of renal function will here be discussed in addition to the essential common renal supportive therapy. Renal supportive therapy alleviates secondary, surrogate effects or sequelae on renal function and proteinuria of high intraglomerular pressure and subsequent nephrosclerosis by inhibition of the renin angiotensin system (RAASB). In patients with physiological (ΔGFR &lt; 1·5 ml/min/year) or mild (ΔGFR 1·5–5 ml/min/year) decrease of renal function and proteinuric forms (&gt; 1 g/day after RAASB), corticosteroids have shown a reduction of proteinuria and might protect further loss of renal function. In patients with progressive loss of renal function (ΔGFR &gt; 3 ml/min within 3 months) or a rapidly progressive course with or without crescents in renal biopsy, cyclophosphamide with high-dose corticosteroids as induction therapy and azathioprine maintenance has proved effective in one randomized controlled study of a homogeneous cohort in loss of renal function (ΔGFR). Mycophenolic acid provided further maintenance in non-randomized trials. Differentiated, precise, larger, randomized, placebo-controlled studies focused on the loss of renal function in the heterogeneous forms of IgAN are still lacking. Prospectively, fewer toxic agents will be necessary in the treatment of IgAN.
Implant surface roughness alterations induced by different prophylactic procedures: an in vitro study
Authors: Cafiero Carlo , Aglietta Marco , Iorio‐Siciliano Vincenzo , Salvi Giovanni E. , Blasi Andrea , Matarasso Sergio 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAimTo evaluate surface roughness alterations at the smooth neck of dental implants after the use of eight different prophylactic procedures.Materials and methods50 tissue level implants (Institut Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland) were used for the present investigation. The smooth collar of each implant was divided into two segments, each treated with one of eight cleaning procedures: use of a rubber cup (RCZ) or a brush (BZ) combined with an abrasive paste containing zirconium or a paste derived from perlite (RCP, BP); use of 2 composite resin burs reinforced by zirconium glass fibers (F1, F2); and use of an air‐polishing system with glycine powder and two power settings (AP1, AP2). The qualitative alterations were recorded by means of a laser profilometer and the mean roughness (Ra) and mean roughness profile depth (Rz) were reported. Twenty untreated surfaces were used as controls.ResultsThe implant collars treated with RCZ (Ra = 0.33 μm, Rz = 2.43 μm) or BZ (Ra = 0.30 μm, Rz = 3.70 μm) yielded the highest roughness values, followed by the surfaces treated with RCP (Ra = 0.28 μm, Rz = 2.02 μm), with BP (Ra = 0.25 μm, Rz = 2.16 μm) and by the use of F1 (Ra = 0.27 μm, Rz = 2.22 μm) and F2 (Ra = 0.27 μm, Rz = 2.04 μm). The lowest roughness values were observed in the AP1 (Ra = 0.23 μm, Rz = 1.60 μm) and AP2 (Ra = 0.16 μm, Rz = 1.06 μm) group, respectively. Implant collars treated with AP2 yielded statistically significantly lower (P = 0.01) Rz values compared with untreated surfaces.ConclusionAll tested procedures did not increase implant surface roughness significantly. Treatment with an air‐powder abrasive system at high‐pressure setting resulted in a smoothening of the implant collar surface.
Th17‐related cytokines in mucositis: is there any difference between peri‐implantitis and periodontitis patients?
Authors: Teixeira Mayla Kezy Silva , Lira‐Junior Ronaldo , Telles Daniel Moraes , Lourenço Eduardo José Veras , Figueredo Carlos Marcelo 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to compare Th17‐related cytokines named IL‐1β, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐10, IL‐17A, IL‐17F, IL‐21, IL‐22, IL‐23, IL‐25, IL‐31, IL‐33, IFN‐γ, sCD40L and TNF‐α in peri‐implant fluid (PIF) from mucositis sites in patients having either peri‐implantitis, periodontitis or without interproximal alveolar bone loss.Material and methodsThirty‐three patients diagnosed with peri‐implant mucositis were divided into three groups: individuals with peri‐implant mucositis but without any signs of interproximal alveolar bone loss (group 1, n = 10), individuals with peri‐implantitis (group 2, n = 14) and individuals with periodontitis (group 3, n = 9). Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), visible plaque index and bleeding on probing were measured. PIF was collected from mucositis sites in patients from the three groups and from peri‐implantitis (group 2) and periodontitis sites (group 3). Cytokines were measured by a bead‐based multiplex assay.ResultsProbing depth was significantly lower in group 1 when compared to both groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.001 and P = 0.01, respectively). There was no significant difference in cytokine levels in mucositis sites among the three groups. In group 2, IL‐21 level was significantly higher in mucositis compared to peri‐implantitis sites (P = 0.04).ConclusionThe expression of Th17‐related cytokines in PIF from mucositis sites seems to be similar regardless the presence or not of alveolar bone loss around implants or teeth.
Positive effect of strontium‐oxide layer on the osseointegration of moderately rough titanium surface in non‐osteoporotic rabbits
Authors: Fan Yan‐pin , Chen Xiao‐yi , Chen Yun , Yang Guo‐li , Wang Hui‐ming , He Fu‐ming 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of strontium‐oxide layer on new bone formation and osseointegration of sandblasted large‐grit double‐acid‐etched (SLA) implant.Material and methodsStrontium‐oxide layer on the SLA surface was produced by hydrothermal treatment using a Sr‐containing solution. The surface topographies, roughness, hardness values, chemical elements and ionic release of SLA and the strontium‐containing SLA (Sr‐SLA) surface were measured by special instruments separately. Sixty‐four SLA and Sr‐SLA implants were inserted into the proximal tibiae and femoral condyles of sixteen non‐osteoporotic New Zealand white rabbits. The biological effects were evaluated by removal torque (RTQ) testing and histomorphometric analysis after 3 and 6 weeks of implantation.ResultsThe surface characteristics showed Sr‐SLA surfaces with dotted nanostructures can release appropriate amount of strontium ions into surrounding tissue till 14 days. In vivo, the Sr‐SLA implants presented significantly higher RTQ than SLA implants at 3 and 6 weeks (P < 0.05). The Sr‐SLA implants presented higher bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) than SLA implants in cortical bone at 3 and 6 weeks (P < 0.05). The bone area was slightly higher for the Sr‐SLA implants at 3 and 6 weeks (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe strontium‐oxide layer on the SLA surface has the potential to improve implant osseointegration in non‐osteoporotic rabbits.
Synergistic effect of environmental media and stress on the fatigue fracture behaviour of aluminium alloys
Authors: Yang H‐H , Wang Y‐L , Wang X‐S , Pan P , Jia D‐W 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe present study aims at explaining the synergistic effect of environmental media and stress/strain on fatigue lives of aluminium alloys. Rotating bending fatigue tests were carried out using four different aluminium alloys LY12‐CZ, 2024‐T4, 7475‐T7351 and 7075‐T651, at air state, 3.5% and 5.0% NaCl aqueous solutions. These results indicated that synergistic actions of the environmental media and cyclic loading accelerated the fatigue crack propagation of aluminium alloys. Furthermore, various influence factors (such as solution concentration, cyclic numbers, high (low) strength aluminium alloys etc.) of the fatigue life at synergistic actions of the environmental media and stress were quantificationally discussed in this paper.