bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Review of Tracheobronchial Foreign Bodies in the Pediatric Age Group in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhejaily Mohammed , Mahfoz Turki M. Bin , Banjar Morad A. , Banjar Adel A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective:
We aimed to identify the incidence of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in children in the Al Madinah region and compare it with results from other studies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Patients and Methods:
This was a retrospective analysis conducted at the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department of Ohud Hospital in the Al Medina Al Mnoura Region, KSA. Patients who were admitted to our hospital over 5 years with a diagnosis of suspected foreign body (FB) inhalation and underwent bronchoscopy were included.

Results:
Of the 96 patients who were admitted and underwent bronchoscopy, 17 were excluded due to incomplete records. Ages ranged from 4 months to 13 years. Despite aspiration, bronchoscopy was negative in 24 patients. The duration from the onset of symptoms to bronchoscopy ranged from 1 h to over 1 month. The mean duration between aspiration and diagnosis was 19 days. The foreign bodies were mainly in the right main bronchus (in 26 patients), followed by the left main bronchus and trachea (11 each). The most common symptom was coughing, followed by choking and cyanosis.

Conclusion:
Bronchoscopy is the most effective diagnostic and therapeutic modality to prevent complications related to neglected FB aspiration. We recommend early referral to an appropriate hospital on suspicion or if symptoms persist. However, preventive measures through the media, parents, and general medical doctors remain the best means of protecting children.
Period Prevalence of Vertigo in College Students and Some Related Factors
Authors: Al-Momani Murad O. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Vertigo is a prevalent condition, leading individuals to seek medical consultation, often accompanied by headaches, lightheadedness, disequilibrium, nausea, vomiting, and anxiety. While extensive epidemiological studies have examined vertigo in adults and older populations, its prevalence among college students remains underexplored.

Objectives:
This study aims to estimate the 1-year period prevalence of vertigo disorders among college students and investigate potential correlated factors using the Situational Vertigo Questionnaire (SVQ).

Subjects and Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among students from three public and three private universities in northern Jordan. A total of 1800 students completed the SVQ and provided sociodemographic data, yielding a high response rate of over 80%. The SVQ’s psychometric properties ensured reliable and valid measurement of vertigo symptoms. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple logistic regression analyses were employed to identify significant associations.

Results:
The 1-year prevalence of vertigo among college students was 38.8%. Significant correlations were found between higher SVQ scores and older age, female gender, smoking, regular medication use, and living in urban areas. Visual problems, headaches, and a family history of vertigo were significant predictors of vertigo severity whereas hearing problems were not significantly associated.

Conclusions:
Vertigo is a significant health concern among college students, influenced by various demographic and health-related factors. Addressing these factors through targeted interventions can promote student well-being and academic performance.

Limitations:
The study’s cross-sectional design, dependence on self-reported data, and focus on a specific geographic region limit the generalizability of its findings.

Recommendations:
Future research should include longitudinal studies, a more diverse demographic sample, and the use of objective measurements to improve the understanding and management of vertigo in college students. Furthermore, implementing awareness programs can help reduce the impact of vertigo on this population.
Impact of Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy on Child Behavior and Quality of Life: A Prospective Study in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alotaibi Fahad Z. , Alanazi Maha Muteb , Alshaibani Sara Khalid , Alahmari Lama Ali , Muaibed Rewiada Rashed Bin , Aljomah Dana S. , Alobida Nasser W. , Alturki Lulwah S. , Alwehaibi Nasser A. , Albalawi Yasser S. , Aloqaili Aqeel A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Adenotonsillectomy is one of the most common procedures performed in children. Its results, in terms of relieving airway obstruction and decreasing the recurrence of infection, are well documented; however, its impact on the child’s behavior is not yet fully understood. Therefore, this study was aimed at estimating the impact of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy on child behavior and quality of life.

Methods:
This prospective cohort study was conducted between July 2022 and February 2023. Children aged 2–11 years scheduled to undergo tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy were included in this study. The parents were required to complete a validated child behavior checklist (CBCL) preoperatively and 3 months after the operation. T-scores were used to estimate the impact of the intervention.

Results:
Parents of 30 children aged 2–11 years completed the CBCL before and after the operation. Seventy percentage of the patients underwent adenotonsillectomy and 26.7% underwent adenoidectomy. Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed significant differences between the pre- and postoperative internalizing, externalizing, and complete CBCL scores (P = 0.042, P = 0.032, and P = 0.005, respectively).

Conclusion:
Adenoidectomy with/without tonsillectomy resulted in a significant improvement in children’s behavior, as reflected by the significant change in postoperative CBCL scores, and could reduce emotional and behavioral problems in pediatric patients within a short time after surgery.
Polyhedral approximation and uniformization for non-length surfaces
Authors: Ntalampekos Dimitrios , Romney Matthew 
Published: September 2024

We prove that any metric surface (that is, metric space homeomorphic to a

2

-manifold with boundary) with locally finite Hausdorff

2

-measure is the Gromov–Hausdorff limit of polyhedral surfaces with controlled geometry. We use this result, together with the classical uniformization theorem, to prove that any metric surface homeomorphic to the

2

-sphere with finite Hausdorff

2

-measure admits a weakly quasiconformal parametrization by the Riemann sphere, answering a question of Rajala–Wenger. These results have been previously established by the authors under the assumption that the metric surface carries a length metric. As a corollary, we obtain new proofs of the uniformization theorems of Bonk–Kleiner for quasispheres and of Rajala for reciprocal surfaces. Another corollary is a simplification of the definition of a reciprocal surface, which answers a question of Rajala concerning minimal hypotheses under which a metric surface is quasiconformally equivalent to a Euclidean domain.
Mitigating jamming attacks in underwater sensor networks using M‐Qubed‐based opportunistic routing protocol
Authors: Ryu Joonsu , Kim Sungwook 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRouting in underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) is highly challenging because of harsh underwater conditions, such as deep water, high pressure, and rapid ocean currents. Furthermore, UWSNs are vulnerable to jamming attacks because of their limited bandwidth and battery capacity. Advancements in machine learning enable numerous routing methods to address these problems. Accordingly, we propose a novel max or minimax Q‐learning (M‐Qubed)‐based opportunistic routing method for UWSNs. The method uses an opportunistic routing protocol, in which nodes dynamically select the next relay node by considering the status of their neighbors. Moreover, M‐Qubed can maximize the benefits for both players in a two‐player repeated game through reinforcement learning. Hence, it can reduce the energy loss caused by jamming attacks during routing, thereby increasing the routing efficiency in UWSNs. Simulation results reveal that the proposed routing scheme is less affected by jamming attacks than existing state‐of‐the‐art routing methods. In addition, it can balance energy consumption across the nodes in a UWSN.
Blühende Beziehungen: Botanische Praktiken im Zürich des 18. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Knittel Meike 
Published: September 2024

Wie arbeiteten Botaniker abseits höfischer, universitärer und kolonialer Zentren? Am Beispiel Zürichs beleuchtet die Studie die Bedingungen für das Aufblühen der vormodernen Pflanzenkunde. Wie entwickelte sich Zürich zu einem Knotenpunkt in den transnationalen botanischen Netzwerken des 18. Jahrhunderts? Dieser Frage nachgehend leistet Meike Knittel einen Beitrag zur Erforschung der vormodernen Botanik abseits von Hafen-, Residenz- und Universitätsstädten. Johannes Gessner, der 1746 zusammen mit anderen naturkundlich Interessierten die Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Zürich gründete, deren Herbarium pflegte und sich um die Einrichtung eines botanischen Gartens in der Limmatstadt bemühte, dient dabei als zentrale Bezugsfigur für eine Untersuchung der Aktivitäten der Zürcher Pflanzenliebhaber, des Aufbaus und der Pflege ihrer translokalen Beziehungen sowie des hier koordinierten materiellen Transfers von Wissen in Form von Büchern, Herbarpflanzen und Samen. Deutlich werden dabei die ökonomischen und sozialen Verflechtungen erkennbar, die die Zürcher Botanik »aufblühen« ließen und in die Netzwerke einbanden, die sich auf dem europäischen Kontinent von Uppsala bis Pisa und von London bis Wien erstreckten und darüber hinaus bis nach Sibirien, Südafrika und Ostindien sowie in die beiden Amerikas reichten.
Das lange Leben der Avantgarde: Eine Theorie-Geschichte
Authors: Asholt Wolfgang 
Published: September 2024

Historische Konstellationen und aktuelle Entwicklungen der Avantgarde-Theorien – von Dada bis zum KunstAktivismus der Gegenwart Dadaismus, Surrealismus, Konstruktivismus – die Avantgarden sind auch nach über hundert Jahren allgegenwärtig. Doch welche Bedeutung haben sie heute für die Kunst und Literatur? Ausgehend von den historischen Avantgarden und ihren Ismen im 20. Jahrhundert, über die Neo-Avantgarden der 1960er, bis hin zur zweiten Avantgarde und dem KunstAktivismus der Gegenwart, zeigt der Romanist Wolfgang Asholt, wie sich die Avantgarden und ihre Theorien entwickeln, gegenseitig bedingen, voneinander abgrenzen und welche Herausforderung sie für Kunst und Literatur darstellen. Zu diesem Zweck befragt er sie darauf, wie sie sich zu Cornelius Castoriadis’ Begriff des »Radikalen Imaginären« verhalten: Wie verändern die Avantgarden unsere Gesellschaft? Kann das Leben zur Kunst und die Kunst zum Leben werden? Und was kann der künstlerische Aktivismus heute von den Avantgarde-Theorien lernen? Wolfgang Asholts Untersuchung knüpft dort an, wo Peter Bürgers »Theorie der Avantgarde« ihr Scheitern proklamiert und Paul Mann ihren Theorie-Tod verkündet hat, um zu zeigen, dass die Avantgarden nach wie vor sehr lebendig sind.
The Imperishable Rays of Byzantinism. On the Occasion of the 85th Anniversary of the Birth of the “Mediterranean Soil Scientist” Academician S. S. Averintsev
Authors: Скотникова Г.В. 
Published: September 2024

Именуя академика С. С. Аверинцева «средиземноморским почвенником», автор использует слова самого ученого, стремясь подчеркнуть: во многом благодаря уникальным по своему научному масштабу, глубине и духовной значимости филологическим трудам исследователя, органично связанным с его культурфилософской метафизикой, наш современник открыл для себя Византию как историческую родину Православия, Одигитрию в горний мир, обрел надежные опоры для осознания духовных первооснов и самобытности русской национальной духовности.
Referring to Academician S. S. Averintsev “Mediterranean soil scientist”, the author uses the words of the scientist himself, trying to emphasize: largely thanks to the philological works of the researcher, unique in their scientific scale, depth and spiritual significance, organically connected with his cultural and philosophical metaphysics, our contemporary discovered Byzantium as the historical homeland of Orthodoxy, Hodegetria to the heavenly world, gained reliable support for understanding the spiritual principles and authenticity of Russian national spirituality.
The Struggle for the Komnenian Inheritance in the Light of S. S. Averintsev‘s Historiosophy: on the Role of the Mongols in the Restoration of Byzantium in 1261
Authors: Митрофанов А.Ю. 
Published: September 2024

Статья А. Ю. Митрофанова посвящена развитию тезиса С. С. Аверинцева о культурном универсализме Константинополя и предлагает исследование отношений государств, появившихся на развалинах Византии после 1204 г., с монгольскими завоевателями. А. Ю. Митрофанов приходит к выводу о том, что разгром Батыем войск латинского императора Балдуина II де Куртене в 1242 г. предопределил не только усиление Никейской империи, но также последующие союзнические отношения никейских и трапезундских императоров с монголами. Это обстоятельство повлияло на победу Никейской империи в борьбе за комниновское наследство.
The article of A. Yu. Mitrofanov is devoted to the development of S. S. Avernitsev’s thesis about the cultural universalism of Constantinople and offers a study of the relations of the states, which appeared on the ruins of Byzantium after 1204 with the Mongol conquerors. A. Yu. Mitrofanov concludes that Batu’s defeat of the troops of the Latin Emperor Baldwin II de Courtenay in 1242 predetermined not only the strengthening of the Nicene Empire, but also the subsequent allied relations of the Nicene and Trebizond Emperors with the Mongols. This circumstance influenced the victory of the Nicene Empire in the struggle for the Komnenian inheritance.
Sustainable Development Strategy Based on Value-Addedin the Fisheries Sector: Study on the Kangean Islands, Sumenep Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Sutikno  , Winata A Yahya Surya , Tahir Muhlis , Purwanto Hery 
Published: September 2024

Objective: Kangean Islands is a group of small islands in Sumenep Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia, which is administratively divided into three sub-districts, namely Arjasa District, Kangayan District, and Sapeken District. This archipelago has very large fisheries potential as seen from its contribution to the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of Sumenep Regency, but the utilization of the fisheries sector in this archipelago is still carried out traditionally and tends to be exploitative. This study aims to see the level of sustainability of fisheries sector management and recommend fisheries resource management strategies, in order to increase the economic added value of the fisheries sector and maintain the sustainability of fish resources and the environment in the archipelago.

Method: The analytical method used to analyze the degree of sustainability in fisheries resource management in the Kangean Islands is Rapid Appraissal for Fisheries (RAPFISH) with the Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) ordination technique. While the analytical tool used to compile a hierarchy of fisheries sector development strategies to increase economic added value is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).

Results and Discussion: The results of the sustainability analysis in the management of the fisheries sector found that, of the five aspects identified, the results showed that the financial aspect and infrastructure aspect had the category of "Sustainable Sustainability", with values of each aspect of 63.113 and 53.885. While the other three aspects, namely: Human Resources (HR) Aspect, Natural Resources Aspect, and Social Aspect are included in the category of "Less Sustainable". Meanwhile, based on the results of the analysis of the hierarchy of fisheries sector development policies, it shows that the most priority policy to be carried out in the development of a sustainable fisheries sector is the "identification of investment potential and opportunities" program with a priority value of 46%. Furthermore, the strategy that must be chosen is to map the potential of the fisheries sector with a limiting value of 21%. With a Rater Agreement value strength of 0.472727 or 47%, it means that the informants agree in providing an assessment on the paired comparison questionnaire, in determining problems and strategies in the development of the fisheries sector in the archipelago.
SDG's and Maqasid Shariah Principles: Synergies for Global Prosperity
Authors: Aziz Abdul , Manalu Paris , Oktaviandi Wahyu , Apriadi Didi , Candri  , Suteja  
Published: September 2024

Objective: This article aims to explore the synergy between the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Maqasid Shariah principles in the pursuit of global prosperity.

Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework used is the concept of SDGs initiated by the United Nations and the principles of Maqasid Sharia in Islam which include hifz ad-din (protecting religion), hifz an-nafs (protecting the soul), hifz al-aql (protecting the mind), hifz an-nasl (protecting offspring), and hifz al-mal (protecting property).

Method: This research uses a qualitative approach with literature analysis and case studies to identify the relationship between SDGs and Maqasid Sharia.

Results and Discussion: The results show that there are many alignments between the goals of the SDGs and the principles of Maqasid Sharia. The implementation of Maqasid Sharia principles in sustainable development programmes provides a more comprehensive and inclusive approach.

Research Implications: The findings provide insights for policymakers, academics, and practitioners to develop development strategies based on Islamic values and the SDGs.

Originality/Value: This article offers a new approach in understanding how Islamic values can support and strengthen the achievement of sustainable development goals.
Non-Audit Services (NAS) and Auditor Independence (AI): Moderating Role of Regulatory Environment
Authors: Eke Chinonso Karen , Onuoha Ugwoke Robinson , Isichei Ejikeme Emmanuel , Eze Ikechukwu Robert 
Published: September 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the influence of non-audit services (NAS) on audit independence (AI) among non-financial companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE). Specifically, it investigated the relationship between NAS fees and AI, with a focus on how regulatory quality moderates this relationship.

Theoretical Framework: The study is grounded in agency theory, which suggests that conflicts of interest may arise when auditors provide NAS, potentially compromising their independence. The research also explores the role of regulatory quality in mitigating such conflicts, contributing to the broader understanding of corporate governance in emerging markets.

Method: An ex-post facto research design was employed, analysing secondary data from 280 firm-year observations across 20 companies in nine industry groups on the NSE over a 15-year period (2006-2020). Audit independence was proxied by discretionary accruals, while NAS was measured using the NAS fee ratio (NFR) and the natural logarithm of NAS fees (LNNF). The hypotheses were tested using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) models with the aid of Stata v15.

Results and Discussion: The findings reveal that higher NAS fees (LNNF) are significantly associated with reduced audit independence, as indicated by increased discretionary accruals. However, this negative impact is moderated by the quality of the regulatory framework, which helps preserve AI. Contrary to initial expectations, the NAS fees ratio (NFR) was found to be positively associated with discretionary accruals, further emphasizing the critical role of regulatory quality in safeguarding audit independence.

Research Implications: The study underscores the importance of robust regulatory frameworks in maintaining audit independence in the presence of NAS. It offers practical insights for policymakers and regulators to enhance corporate governance and financial reporting integrity in Nigeria.

Originality/Value: This research contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence from an emerging market, demonstrating the significance of regulatory quality in moderating the relationship between NAS and audit independence. It offers valuable guidance for policymakers, regulators, and practitioners aiming to strengthen corporate governance practices.
Ensuring Cybersecurity in Action Electronic Commerce Enterprises in the Conditions of Implementation of the Sustainable Development Model
Authors: Dubyna Maksym , Khudolei Veronika , Karpenko Oksana , Rohova Olena , Zaiets Oleksii , Ustinov Yaroslav 
Published: September 2024

Objective: The article analyzes modern trends and prospects for the development of e-commerce enterprises in the modern digital world in the conditions of implementation of the sustainable development model.

Theoretical Framework: The main attention is paid to the issues of ensuring the cybersecurity of the work of such enterprises, taking into account the active development of digital technologies, including and in the field of cyber fraud.

Method: The following were the main research methods in the work: content analysis, generalization, description, forecasting, statistical methods.

Results and Discussion: The prerequisites for the creation and features of the functioning of e-commerce enterprises were specified, the impact of digital technologies on individual business processes of such enterprises, including primarily their marketing activities, was described. The article also identifies the reasons for the importance of e-commerce enterprises forming their own information security systems, and describes the role of such systems in ensuring the effective operation of these economic entities in the conditions of implementation of the sustainable development model.

Research Implications: Accordingly, the main directions of ensuring the reliability of the cyber protection system of e-commerce enterprises in the modern world were also analyzed and determined.

Originality/Value: Special attention was paid to the study of modern trends in cyber protection in the world, the forecast of the further development of cyber fraud in the economic sphere.