bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Escherichia coli as a sentinel in the assessment of antimicrobial resistance in the tilapia production chain: from production environment to the final product
Authors: Dias Sthéfany Da Cunha , Costa Letícia Roberta Martins , Buiatte Ana Beatriz Garcez , Cossi Marcus Vinícius Coutinho , Nero Luís Augusto , Yamatogi Ricardo Seiti , Bersot Luciano dos Santos , Pereira Juliano Gonçalves 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe intensification of tilapia production has increased animal density in tanks, leading to more frequent exposure to pathogenic agents and compromising the quality of fish products. Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern that affects human treatment, and sentinel microorganisms like Escherichia coli are crucial for monitoring production chains, especially in aquaculture, where research is still limited. The aim of this study was to identify the presence of E. coli and investigate its antimicrobial resistance profiles throughout the entire tilapia production chain.MethodsA total of 240 samples were collected from various points in the production process: carcasses before scaling (Ca), scaling wastewater (Sw), filleting wastewater (Fw), fillet washing wastewater (Tw), fillet handling surfaces (Su), and pre-packaged fillets (Pf). The samples were collected during 10 visits, each corresponding to animals from different farms. E. coli isolates were identified using MacConkey agar and biochemical tests. Phenotypic resistance profiles were determined using nine classes of antimicrobials. Extended- spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL) production was identified with ceftazidime and cefotaxime and confirmed by a double-disc synergy test. Isolates were classified as sensitive or resistant based on the inhibition zone. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) was defined as resistance to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial categories, while extensively drug-resistant (XDR) was defined as resistance to at least one agent in all but two or fewer categories.ResultsOverall, 50.8% of the samples (122/240) tested positive for E. coli, with 403 isolates identified. Of these, 33% (133/403) were resistant to at least two antimicrobials, and 20% (48/240) of the samples had MDR isolates, with the highest frequency found at the filleting point (Fw), which also had the only XDR profile. Resistance was most commonly observed against amoxicillin (35.73%), tetracycline (30.77%), and ciprofloxacin (26.30%).DiscussionThese findings emphasize the importance of E. coli as an indicator of antimicrobial resistance throughout tilapia processing and highlight the need for good production practices and qualified technical support to mitigate risks to public health, animal health, and the environment.
Prediction of unobserved bifurcation by unsupervised extraction of slowly time-varying system parameter dynamics from time series using reservoir computing
Authors: Tokuda Keita , Katori Yuichi 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionNonlinear and non-stationary processes are prevalent in various natural and physical phenomena, where system dynamics can change qualitatively due to bifurcation phenomena. Machine learning methods have advanced our ability to learn and predict such systems from observed time series data. However, predicting the behavior of systems with temporal parameter variations without knowledge of true parameter values remains a significant challenge.MethodsThis study uses reservoir computing framework to address this problem by unsupervised extraction of slowly varying system parameters from time series data. We propose a model architecture consisting of a slow reservoir with long timescale internal dynamics and a fast reservoir with short timescale dynamics. The slow reservoir extracts the temporal variation of system parameters, which are then used to predict unknown bifurcations in the fast dynamics.ResultsThrough experiments on chaotic dynamical systems, our proposed model successfully extracted slowly varying system parameters and predicted bifurcations that were not included in the training data. The model demonstrated robust predictive performance, showing that the reservoir computing framework can handle nonlinear, non-stationary systems without prior knowledge of the system's true parameters.DiscussionOur approach shows potential for applications in fields such as neuroscience, material science, and weather prediction, where slow dynamics influencing qualitative changes are often unobservable.
Oral biofilm composition and phenotype in caries-active and caries-free children
Authors: Boisen Gabriella , Brogårdh-Roth Susanne , Neilands Jessica , Mira Alex , Carda-Diéguez Miguel , Davies Julia R. 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionDuring development of dental caries, oral biofilms undergo changes in microbial composition and phenotypical traits. The aim of this study was to compare the acid tolerance (AT) of plaque from two groups of children: one with severe caries (CA) and one with no caries experience (CF) and to correlate this to the microbial composition and metabolic profile of the biofilms.MethodsDental plaque samples from 20 children (2–5 years) in each group were studied. The AT was analyzed by viability assessment after exposure to an acid challenge (pH 3.5), using LIVE/DEAD® BacLight™ stain and confocal microscopy. Levels of acid tolerance (AT) were evaluated using a scoring system ranging from 1 (no/low AT), to 5 (high/all AT). Metabolic profiles were investigated following a 20 mM glucose pulse for one hour through Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Microbial composition was characterized by 16S rRNA Illumina sequencing.ResultsThe mean AT score of the CA group (4.1) was significantly higher than that of the CF group (2.6, p &lt; 0.05). When comparing the end-products of glucose metabolism detected after a glucose-pulse, the CA samples showed a significantly higher lactate to acetate, lactate to formate, lactate to succinate and lactate to ethanol ratio than the CF samples (p &lt; 0.05). The bacterial characterization of the samples revealed 25 species significantly more abundant in the CA samples, including species of Streptococcus, Prevotella, Leptotrichia and Veillonella (p &lt; 0.05).DiscussionOur results show that AT in pooled plaque from the oral cavity of children with severe caries is increased compared to that in healthy subjects and that this can be related to differences in the metabolic activity and microbial composition of the biofilms. Thus, the overall phenotype of dental plaque appears to be a promising indicator of the caries status of individuals. However, longitudinal studies investigating how the AT changes over time in relation to caries development are needed before plaque AT could be considered as a prediction method for the development of dental caries.
Uptake of the Interim Canada Dental Benefit: an investigation of data from the first 18 months of the program
Authors: Goubran Saif , Cruz de Jesus Vivianne , Menon Anil , Olatosi Olubukola O. , Schroth Robert J. 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionIn 2022, the Government of Canada introduced the Interim Canada Dental Benefit (CDB) to support Canadian families with children &lt;12 years of age. This program operated from October 1, 2022, to June 30, 2024, with two application periods. The purpose of this study was to analyze data on applications accepted by the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) during the first 18 months of the program.MethodsThis study used available data sourced from the CRA for applicants as of March 29, 2024, and assessed as of April 5, 2024. Data covered the entirety of the first period (October 1, 2022–June 30, 2023) of the Interim CDB and the first nine months of the second period (July 1, 2023–March 29, 2024). The rate of child participation was calculated using population data from Statistics Canada (2021).ResultsOver the first 18 months of the Interim CDB, a total of 410,920 applications were submitted and $403M distributed; $197M for 204,270 applications in period 1 and $175M for 173,160 applications in the first nine months of period 2. Overall, 321,000 children received the Interim CDB in period 1 and 282,130 children received the Interim CDB in the first nine months of period 2. A total of 91.8% of applicants had a net family income &lt;$70,000, receiving the maximum benefit amount. The provinces with the highest rate of child participation were Manitoba (77.1/1,000 period 1; 74.9/1,000 period 2), Ontario (82.5/1,000 period 1; 72.2/1,000 period 2), Nova Scotia (73.4/1,000 period 1; 71.1/1,000 period 2), and Saskatchewan (72.3/1,000 period 1; 68.2/1,000 period 2). Overall, projections suggest that there will be an increase in the number of applications approved in period 2 compared to period 1.ConclusionsUptake in the first three quarters of period 2 remained consistent and in many instances, revealed higher rates of applications by parents for the Interim CDB. However, it is uncertain how much of the funds were directly used for dental care. Analyzing this data will aid in policy recommendation for enhancement of the Canadian Dental Care Program.
The Relationship Between Tramadol Use and Cardio Electrophysiological Balance for Postoperative Pain Treatment in General Surgery Patients
Authors: Yönder Hüseyin , Toprak Kenan , Berhuni Mehmet Sait , Elkan Hasan , Tatlı Faik , Özgönül Abdullah , Yüksekyayla Baran , Koyuncu Hamza , Taşcanov Mustafa Beğenç , Fedai Halil , Ocak Metin , Arğa Yakup , Uzunköy Ali 
Published: October 2024

Background and Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between tramadol use and cardio electrophysiological imbalance (iCEB/iCEBc) in general surgery patients with complaints of acute postoperative pain (APP). Materials and Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, a total of 218 consecutive patients over the age of 18, who underwent surgical procedures in our clinic (postoperative), were included. For analgesic effect, tramadol was administered with an initial total max dose not exceeding 2 mg/kg. A single max dose (100 mg) was given intravenously, infused in 100 cc of saline over 60 min. In all patients requiring analgesia, electrocardiography (ECG) was performed in the supine position with 12 leads at 25 mm/s and 10 mm/mV, immediately before and after tramadol administration. iCEB was calculated as QT/QRS and iCEBc as QTc/QRS. Results: A total of 218 patients were included in this study, with 98 of them being male (45%) and the average age being 46.20 ± 17.19 years. The average tramadol dose for analgesic effect was 98.21 ± 7.62 mg. The QT interval (339.17 ± 36.27 vs. 349.88 ± 30.86, p = 0.001), QTc interval (407.07 ± 26.36 vs. 419.64 ± 31.78, p < 0.001), QRS duration (80.82 ± 11.39 vs. 78.57 ± 9.80, p = 0.018), iCEB (4.26 ± 0.69 vs. 4.52 ± 0.70, p < 0.001), and iCEBc (5.14 ± 0.86 vs. 5.42 ± 0.79, p = 0.001) values significantly increased compared to the baseline immediately after drug administration. Furthermore, the drug dose was identified as an independent predictor that increased iCEBc (β = 0.201, p = 0.003). Conclusions: Even at single and therapeutic doses, tramadol increases iCEB and iCEBc. Additionally, the drug dose is an independent predictor of increased iCEBc.
Evaluation of the Mechanical Behavior of Asphaltic Mixtures Utilizing Waste of the Processing of Iron Ore
Authors: Guimarães Antônio Carlos Rodrigues , Arêdes Marcio Leandro Alves de , Castro Carmen Dias , Coelho Lisley Madeira , Monteiro Sergio Neves 
Published: October 2024

Mineral extraction is an important operation for the economy of different countries and generates millions of tons of mining waste. In this context, and in association with the high demand for paving aggregates and the lack of raw materials for this purpose, the feasibility of using iron ore processing waste has emerged as a promising alternative. This study evaluates the physical and mechanical behavior of asphalt mixtures incorporating waste from the company Samarco S.A., collected in Mariana-MG, to replace the fine aggregate in asphalt concrete mixtures, with a view to applications in the bearing layer of local traffic roads. Two mixtures, M2 and M3, containing 20% and 17% waste, respectively, were formulated and analyzed, compared to a reference mixture, M1. Evaluations were carried out using the Marshall method parameters, mechanical tests of resilience modulus, and fatigue life under controlled tension, as well as mechanistic analysis. Brazilian mechanistic–empirical design software (MeDiNa—v 1.5.0) contributed to this analysis. This analysis revealed that, for a traffic level of N = 5 × 106 (average traffic) on a local road, pavements containing the M1 and M3 mixtures had the same layer thicknesses (6.9 cm), as well as the same fatigue class, equal to 1. The pavement with the M2 mixture had the thickest asphalt layer (8.2 cm) and a lower fatigue class equal to 0. But if compared in terms of the percentage of cracked area over 10 years, it still offers ideal performance conditions compared to the M1 and M3 mixes. Thus, it can be considered feasible to replace fine aggregate with iron ore waste in asphalt concrete for use on local roads in the region without altering the bearing capacity of the pavement.
Impact of the clinically oriented roles of a general practice receptionist: a systematic review with narrative synthesis
Authors: Ban Keigo , Greenfield Sheila , Burrows Michael , Gale Nicola , Litchfield Ian 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundModern general practice is characterised by increased demand and growing multidisciplinarity, including ring-fenced funding for additional non-clinical roles. For practice receptionists, however, training has remained unchanged for decades despite primary care being under greater pressure than ever, with receptionists becoming a growing focal point for abuse and unprecedented numbers leaving the role.AimTo present the evidence of the range of tasks that receptionists continue to perform, describing their impact on primary care delivery and how the role might be better supported.Design and settingSystematic review of research conducted in the UK.MethodA systematic review of evidence contained in the major medical databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, ASSIA, Cochrane Library, and Embase) from January 2000 to March 2024 was conducted, including hand searches of the bibliographies of included studies.ResultsIn total, 29 studies were identified that grouped into three themes: service delivery, patient attitudes, and receptionist experience. The theme ‘service delivery’ confirms the continuing role of receptionists in providing administrative support alongside the clinical tasks of prioritising patients for consultations, facilitating repeat prescriptions, and communicating blood test results. The theme ‘patient attitudes’ describes how patients lacked trust in receptionists, who were viewed as unqualified and unnecessarily obstructive. Finally, in considering receptionist experience, the contrast between their confidence in performing administrative roles and the anxiety induced from the clinically related tasks was described, particularly the mounting pressure from patients to meet their preferences for clinician appointments.ConclusionAlthough confident performing administrative tasks, receptionists described uncertainty and anxiety when providing clinically oriented support or managing patients when their requests for appointments could not be met. More appropriate training or professionalisation might improve staff retainment.
Making decisions on the basis of data science in managing social and economic systems
Authors: Ray Samrat , Varlamov G. V. 
Published: October 2024

Aim. To identify the prospects and possible areas of data science use in the decision-making process in the management of social and economic systems.Objectives. To analyze existing approaches and promising directions of data science use; to analyze methods that allow to obtain real-time data for decision-making, to identify gaps and shortcomings; to brieﬂy formulate conclusions relevant for practitioners and policy makers in the process of decision-making based on data science.Methodology. The authors analyzed the scientific literature, applied methods of logical analysis and interpretation of data.Results. In the course of the research, it was found that data science makes a significant contribution to the global transformation of society, allowing solving urgent problems of socioeconomic development. Methods that facilitate the acquisition of real-time data increase the effectiveness of decisions in the management of social and economic systems. These methods were analyzed, their advantages and disadvantages were identified, and examples of their use were presented. The key data requirements were defined: confidentiality, ethics, and security. A range of new questions for future research in the context of the topic under consideration was proposed.Conclusions. The results obtained contribute to the theoretical development of new approaches to the application of data science, as well as the practical use of best practices in cases of decision-making in the management of social and economic systems. These results can form the basis for the design and implementation of solutions by policy makers and practitioners.
Assessing the development of a human-centered economy in Russia: A methodological approach
Authors: Nasyrova S. I. 
Published: October 2024

Aim. To build and substantiate the author’s methodology for assessing the development of human-centered economy. In view of the insufficiency of theoretical and empirical research in the field of formation and development of economy for human beings, the demand for this scientific research is actualized in order to better meet human needs.Objectives. To develop a methodology for assessing the development of human-centered economy; to test it on the example of the Russian Federation (RF), including Russian regions.Methodology. The methodological basis of the study was formed by the provisions of the theory of human-centered economy. The methods used include normalization, linear scaling, and “series of information criteria” methods. Visualization of the obtained results was carried out on the basis of spatial modeling software package GeoDA. The information base was the data of the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System, the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Sports of the Russian Federation, Rospatent for 2018-2022.Results. The methodology for calculating the integral index of human-centered economy development has been developed. It was calculated by integrating 87 specific indices and eight subindices. The process of research revealed that this economic system is at the initial stages of development with isogressive-regressive trajectory, has insignificantly developed constituent components in the form of creative and cognitive spheres.Conclusions. The proposed methodology provides a basis for further scientific research in similar studies, as well as for the formation of targeted measures to support the challenging spheres of human activity and human-centered economy as a whole.
Income level as a differentiating factor in assessing the impact of migration on economic growth
Authors: Trapitsin S. Yu. , Fedorov P. M. 
Published: October 2024

Aim. To study the nature of the impact of migration on economic growth depending on the level of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and the direction of migration flows.Objectives. Study of theoretical approaches to the research of the impact of labor migration on economic growth; analysis of factors that differentiate the assessment of the impact of migration flows on economic growth indicators; collection and analysis of statistical information for the development of econometric models for assessing the impact of migration on economic growth.Methods. The authors used general scientific methods of research, such as deduction, analysis, synthesis. Statistical methods of data analysis were applied, linear regression models were built.Results. The research shows that the impact of migration on economic growth in countries with different levels of GDP per capita is due to different factors. For developed economies, the positive factors of the impact of immigration on economic growth are replenishment of scarce labor resources; improvement of labor force quality due to structural changes caused by the transition of the permanent working-age population to new professional fields. For countries with a low level of GDP per capita we can identify a number of positive factors of the impact of emigration (with a negative balance of migration growth) on economic growth. In particular, the outflow of excess labor force creates conditions for reducing unemployment; remittances of migrants support effective demand in the consumer market, contribute to the development of the banking system and investment in the country of origin; the expansion of social ties leads to the development of human capital, increasing the potential for innovation.Conclusions. The value of correlation coefficients in the constructed regression models indicates that there is a weak correlation between the variable characterizing the volume and nature of migration in the country (the ratio of migration balance to population) and the variable characterizing economic growth (GDP per capita at purchasing power parity) only for the group of high-income countries. There is little statistical dependence of these variables for other groups of countries. With regard to econometric modeling of the impact of migration on economic growth, this means that it is necessary to develop separate models for each group of countries depending on the level of GDP per capita and the direction of migration flows.
Russian-Croatian trade relations in current environment of sanctions
Authors: Golubkin A. V. 
Published: October 2024

Aim. To assess the impact of Western European sanctions on Russian-Croatian trade relations in 2020-2023 and Croatian tourism sector.Objectives. To analyze the dynamics of key indicators of trade between the Russian Federation (RF) and Croatia under sanctions; to identify the main commodity groups in the structure of their trade; to determine the importance of Russia for the tourism sector of the Republic of Croatia.Methods. The author used such research methods as statistical analysis, generalization, description and graphical modeling.Results. The results obtained in the process of the analysis indicate a sharp decline in the volume of mutual trade of the Russian Federation with Croatia in the conditions of numerous trade restrictions from the European Union. In 2023, the commodity structure of Russian exports to the Republic of Croatia has changed significantly, the basis of Russian exports is now made up of finished goods and goods of the chemical industry. The ﬂow of tourists from Russia occupies an insignificant share in the total tourist ﬂow of Croatia and has little impact on the tourism sector of the Republic. Under the conditions of the sanctions regime, Croatian companies have begun to cease economic activities in the territory of the Russian Federation.Conclusions. The current situation on the world stage has determined the dynamism of mutual trade interaction between Russia and Croatia. Thus, the sanctions imposed by the countries of the collective West have a negative impact on Russian-Croatian relations both in trade and tourism. The tendencies of reduction of mutual trade and tourist flows have a long-term character and negative dynamics of interaction between the two countries. Normalization of trade relations between Russia and Croatia in the geopolitical situation today seems unlikely.