bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ephexin1 Is Required for Eph-Mediated Limb Trajectory of Spinal Motor Axons
Authors: Chang Chih-Ju , Chang Ming-Yuan , Chou Szu-Yi , Huang Chi-Chen , Chuang Jian-Ying , Hsu Tsung-I , Chang Hsing-Fang , Wu Yi-Hsin , Wu Chung-Che , Morales Daniel , Kania Artur , Kao Tzu-Jen 
Published: January 2018

The precise assembly of a functional nervous system relies on the guided migration of axonal growth cones, which is made possible by signals transmitted to the cytoskeleton by cell surface-expressed guidance receptors. We investigated the function of ephexin1, a Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor, as an essential growth-cone guidance intermediary in the context of spinal lateral motor column (LMC) motor axon trajectory selection in the limb mesenchyme. Usingin situmRNA detection, we first show that ephexin1 is expressed in LMC neurons of chick and mouse embryos at the time of spinal motor axon extension into the limb. Ephexin1 loss of function and gain of function usingin ovoelectroporation in chick LMC neurons, of either sex, perturbed LMC axon trajectory selection, demonstrating an essential role of ephexin1 in motor axon guidance. In addition, ephexin1 loss in mice of either sex led to LMC axon trajectory selection errors. We also show that ephexin1 knockdown attenuates the growth preference of LMC neurites against ephrinsin vitroand Eph receptor-mediated retargeting of LMC axonsin vivo, suggesting that ephexin1 is required in Eph-mediated LMC motor axon guidance. Finally, both ephexin1 knockdown and ectopic expression of nonphosphorylatable ephexin1 mutant attenuated the retargeting of LMC axons caused by Src overexpression, implicating ephexin1 as an Src target in Eph signal relay in this context. In summary, our findings demonstrate that ephexin1 is essential for motor axon guidance and suggest an important role in relaying ephrin:Eph signals that mediate motor axon trajectory selection.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe proper development of functioning neural circuits requires precise nerve connections among neurons or between neurons and their muscle targets. The Eph tyrosine kinase receptors expressed in neurons are important in many contexts during neural-circuit formation, such as axon outgrowth, axon guidance, and synaptic formation, and have been suggested to be involved in neurodegenerative disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. To dissect the mechanism of Eph signal relay, we studied ephexin1 gain of function and loss of function and found ephexin1 essential for the development of limb nerves toward their muscle targets, concluding that it functions as an intermediary to relay Eph signaling in this context. Our work could thus shed new light on the molecular mechanisms controlling neuromuscular connectivity during embryonic development.
Cortical Neural Activity Predicts Sensory Acuity Under Optogenetic Manipulation
Authors: Briguglio John J. , Aizenberg Mark , Balasubramanian Vijay , Geffen Maria N. 
Published: January 2018

Excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the mammalian sensory cortex form interconnected circuits that control cortical stimulus selectivity and sensory acuity. Theoretical studies have predicted that suppression of inhibition in such excitatory–inhibitory networks can lead to either an increase or, paradoxically, a decrease in excitatory neuronal firing, with consequent effects on stimulus selectivity. We tested whether modulation of inhibition or excitation in the auditory cortex of male mice could evoke such a variety of effects in tone-evoked responses and in behavioral frequency discrimination acuity. We found that, indeed, the effects of optogenetic manipulation on stimulus selectivity and behavior varied in both magnitude and sign across subjects, possibly reflecting differences in circuitry or expression of optogenetic factors. Changes in neural population responses consistently predicted behavioral changes for individuals separately, including improvement and impairment in acuity. This correlation between cortical and behavioral change demonstrates that, despite the complex and varied effects that these manipulations can have on neuronal dynamics, the resulting changes in cortical activity account for accompanying changes in behavioral acuity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTExcitatory and inhibitory interactions determine stimulus specificity and tuning in sensory cortex, thereby controlling perceptual discrimination acuity. Modeling has predicted that suppressing the activity of inhibitory neurons can lead to increased or, paradoxically, decreased excitatory activity depending on the architecture of the network. Here, we capitalized on differences between subjects to test whether suppressing/activating inhibition and excitation can in fact exhibit such paradoxical effects for both stimulus sensitivity and behavioral discriminability. Indeed, the same optogenetic manipulation in the auditory cortex of different mice could improve or impair frequency discrimination acuity, predictable from the effects on cortical responses to tones. The same manipulations sometimes produced opposite changes in the behavior of different individuals, supporting theoretical predictions for inhibition-stabilized networks.
Loss of eIF4E Phosphorylation Engenders Depression-like Behaviors via Selective mRNA Translation
Authors: Amorim Inês S. , Kedia Sonal , Kouloulia Stella , Simbriger Konstanze , Gantois Ilse , Jafarnejad Seyed Mehdi , Li Yupeng , Kampaite Agniete , Pooters Tine , Romanò Nicola , Gkogkas Christos G. 
Published: January 2018

The MAPK/ERK (mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinase) pathway is a cardinal regulator of synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory in the hippocampus. One of major endpoints of this signaling cascade is the 5′ mRNA cap binding protein eIF4E (eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4E), which is phosphorylated on Ser 209 by MNK (MAPK-interacting protein kinases) and controls mRNA translation. The precise role of phospho-eIF4E in the brain is yet to be determined. Herein, we demonstrate that ablation of eIF4E phosphorylation in male mice (4Ekimice) does not impair long-term spatial or contextual fear memory, or the late phase of LTP. Using unbiased translational profiling in mouse brain, we show that phospho-eIF4E differentially regulates the translation of a subset of mRNAs linked to inflammation, the extracellular matrix, pituitary hormones, and the serotonin pathway. Consequently,4Ekimale mice display exaggerated inflammatory responses and reduced levels of serotonin, concomitant with depression and anxiety-like behaviors. Remarkably, eIF4E phosphorylation is required for the chronic antidepressant action of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine. Finally, we propose a novel phospho-eIF4E-dependent translational control mechanism in the brain, via the GAIT complex (gamma IFN activated inhibitor of translation). In summary, our work proposes a novel translational control mechanism involved in the regulation of inflammation and depression, which could be exploited to design novel therapeutics.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe demonstrate that downstream of the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway, eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4E (eIF4E) Ser209 phosphorylation is not required for classical forms of hippocampal LTP and memory. We reveal a novel role for eIF4E phosphorylation in inflammatory responses and depression-like behaviors. eIF4E phosphorylation is required for the chronic action of antidepressants, such as fluoxetine in mice. These phenotypes are accompanied by selective translation of extracellular matrix, pituitary hormones, and serotonin pathway genes, in eIF4E phospho-mutant mice. We also describe a previously unidentified translational control mechanism in the brain, whereby eIF4E phosphorylation is required for inhibiting the translation of gamma IFN activated inhibitor of translation element-containing mRNAs. These findings can be used to design novel therapeutics for depression.
Filogenia Preliminar do Gênero Rhabdocaulon Epling
Authors: Colussi Giovanni , Venassi Maria Eduarda , Agostini Gustavo , Rossato Marcelo 
Published: January 2018

O gênero Rhabdocaulon é um grupo de plantas aromáticas da família Lamiaceae, conhecida por ter espécies com enorme importância econômica pelo emprego de seus óleos essenciais e atividade biológica que esses possuem. Plantas dessa família vêm sendo utilizadas há muito tempo devido às características olfativas e até mesmo capacidade de exercer inibição microbiana em determinados testes com micro-organismos. Esse gênero compreende inúmeros indivíduos no decorrer do Sul da América. O estudo populacional de espécies vegetais vem sendo cada vez mais abordado, a fim de compreender melhor as interações evolutivas que determinadas espécies desenvolveram com o passar do tempo e especiações. As extrações de DNA foram executadas com método tradicional para extração de material genônico vegetal com auxílio de CTAB. Após a extração, as regiões ITS de rDNA e plastidial trnL-F foram amplificadas e sequenciadas. O trabalho visou avaliação preliminar da separação genética de algumas espécies dentro desse gênero, já que o grupo apresenta distribuição ampla na América do Sul. Com a avaliação das sequências, pode-se observar polimorfismo específico do grupo.Palavras-chave: Filogenia Preliminar. Lamiaceae. Rhabdocaulon.AbstractThe genus Rhabdocaulon is a group of aromatic plants of the family Lamiaceae, known for having species of enormous economic importance due to use of their essential oils and biological activity that they have. Plants of this family have been used for a long time because of their olfactory characteristics and even ability to exert microbial inhibition in certain tests with microorganisms. This genus comprises countless individuals throughout the South America. The population study of plant species has been increasingly approached in order to better understand the evolutionary interactions that certain species have developed as time goes by and speciations. The DNA extractions were performed using a traditional method for extracting plant genomic material with the aid of CTAB. After extraction, the ITS rDNA and plastid trnL-F regions were amplified and sequenced. The focus of the work was the preliminary evaluation of the genetic separation of some species within this genus, since the group has a wide distribution in South America. With the evaluation of the sequences, specific polymorphism of the group can be observed.Keywords: Preliminary Philogeny. Lamiacea. Rhabdocaulon.
Comparison of obstetric outcomes of pregnancies after donor oocyte IVF: Three-arm age-matched retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yadav Vikas , Bakolia Priyanka , Malhotra Neena , Mahey Reeta , Singh Neeta , Kriplani Alka 
Published: January 2018

Background: Oocyte donation has become widely used as a treatment option for infertile couples. The few available studies report conflicting evidence about the risk of hypertensive disorders in donor oocyte pregnancies after adjusting for maternal age and it is unclear whether pregnancy complications and obstetric risks are due to oocyte donation or to confounding factors such as maternal age. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare obstetric complications between women who conceived after oocyte donation and age-matched control women with spontaneous conception and self oocyte IVF conception.Methods : The present study comprised of women aged 20-45 years conceived from oocyte donation (n=104) between 1/12/2010 to 15/10/2017. Two age-matched control groups—Self oocyte IVF (n=150) and the other containing women who conceived spontaneously (n=312) were used for comparison of obstetric and perinatal outcomes.Results: Mean maternal age was statistically significantly higher in the Donor oocyte IVF group as compared to self oocyte ivf and spontaneous conception group. Miscarriage, first trimester bleeding, pregnancy induced hypertension and gestational diabetes mellitus was significantly higher in Donor oocyte IVF group as compared to self-oocyte and spontaneous conception group (p=0.001). Using multiple logistic regression analysis age class adjusted PIH and GDM incidence was significantly higher in donor oocyte group as compared to spontaneous conception (P=0.010).There was significant variation in perinatal outcomes between the three groups.Conclusion: Oocyte donation should be treated as an independent risk factor for miscarriage, first trimester bleeding, hypertensive disorder and gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnancy.
Use of an Ultrasonic Bone Curet for the Extraction of a Cervical Artificial Disc: A Novel Application
Authors: Timothy J. , Petralia V. , Wilson J.R. 
Published: January 2018

Case:
Eighteen months after implantation of a C6-C7 cervical artificial disc (ProDisc-C; DePuy Synthes), a 44-year-old woman presented with right-sided C7 radiculopathy. Imaging revealed posterior subsidence of the prosthesis, with C7 foraminal stenosis. An ultrasonic curet was used to safely and effectively extract the prosthesis without neurologic complication; safe access for the insertion of an intervertebral cage was facilitated.

Conclusion:
The ultrasonic curet was a safe and effective adjunct for revision artificial cervical disc replacement surgery; this technique may help to reduce potential injury to neural structures in a procedure with a traditionally high complication rate.
Efektivitas Pupuk Hayati Unggulan Nasional Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bawang Merah
Authors: Suwandi NFN , Sopha Gina Aliya , Lukman Liferdi , Yufdy Muhammad Prama 
Published: January 2018

<p>Penggunaan pupuk hayati merupakan salah satu cara pengelolaan hara ramah lingkungan untuk mengurangi input pupuk in-organik, meningkatkan produktivitas dan kualitas hasil, serta melestarikan kesuburan tanah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pupuk hayati unggulan nasional (PHUN) paling efektif untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil umbi bawang merah di tanah Alluvial. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok, dengan 4 ulangan dan 11 perlakuan pengelolaan hara, yaitu kontrol (tanpa pemupukan), pemupukan rekomendasi (2 ton/ha pupuk organik/kompos,<strong> </strong>300 kg/ha Urea + 300 kg/ha ZA, 300 kg/ha SP-36, 200 kg/ha KCl), dan 9 PHUN (Beyonic+, Biotrico, PROBIO-New, Super-BIOST, Bio-SRF, Bion-UP, Bio-Padjar, Agrifit, dan BIOPF) dikombinasikan dengan½ pemupukan rekomendasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian PHUN + ½ dosis NPK rekomendasi pada bawang merah di lahan Aluvial (ketersediaan P &amp; K tinggi) dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman, serapan N&amp;K, serta hasil umbi bawang, tetapi tidak berbeda nyata dibandingkan pemupukan dosis rekomendasi. Perlakuan PHUN - Biotrico, Beyonic+, PROBIO-New dan BioPF mempunyai efektivitas lebih baik terhadap parameter tanaman tersebut dibandingkan jenis PHUN lainnya. Selanjutnya disarankan uji lanjutan PHUN pada tanah Aluvial yang subur (P &amp; K tinggi) secara parsial tanpa dikombinasikan dengan pupuk NPK dan pemberian pupuk oranik.</p>
Kajian Budidaya Kentang Ramah Lingkungan dengan Teknik Konservasi Tanah di Lahan Kering Berlereng
Authors: Arifin Zainal , Sutrisno Imam , Korlina Eli , Indriana Ratna Dewi 
Published: January 2018

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh paket teknologi usahatani konservasi kentang yang dapat mengurangi laju erosi dan ramah lingkungan serta mampu meningkatkan produktivitas dan pendapatan usahatani kentang. Lokasi penelitian terletak di sentra produksi kentang lahan kering dataran tinggi dengan ketinggian tempat 1.725 m dpl dan kemiringan lahan 40% di Desa Tosari, Kecamatan Tosari, Kabupaten Pasuruan, pada MH 2014/2015. Rancangan percobaan secara acak kelompok dengan 7 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan teknik konservasi tanah meliputi : (1) teknologi petani A (bedengan searah lereng), 125 kg Urea/ha + 200 kg ZA/ha + 75 kg SP36/ha + 250 kg Ponska/ha + 5 t pupuk organik/ha, (2) teknik konservasi B1 (bedengan kemiringan 30<sup>o</sup>), 300 kg Urea/ha + 350 kg ZA/ha + 200 kg SP-36/ha + 100 kg KCl/ha + 2,5 t pupuk organik/ha + PHT, (3) teknik konservasi B2 (bedengan kemiringan 30<sup>o</sup>), 150 kg Urea/ha + 200 kg ZA/ha + 100kg SP-36/ha + 50 kg KCl/ha + 5 t pupuk organik/ha &amp; Trichoderma + PHT, (4) teknik konservasi C1 (bedengan searah lereng selang seling guludan kontur), 300 kg Urea/ha + 350 kg ZA/ha + 200 kg SP-36/ha + 100 kg KCl /ha + 2,5 t pupuk organik/ha + PHT, (5) teknik konservasi C2 (bedengan searah lereng selang seling guludan kontur), 150 kg Urea/ha + 200 kg ZA/ha + 100 kg SP-36/ha + 50 kg KCl /ha + 5 t pupuk organik/ha &amp; Trichoderma + PHT, (6) teknik konservasi D1 (teras kredit dengan bedengan searah lereng), 300 kg Urea/ha + 350 kg ZA/ha + 200 kg SP-36/ha + 100 kg KCl/ha + 2,5 t pupuk organik/ha + PHT, (7) teknik konservasi D2 (teras kredit dengan bedengan searah lereng), 150 kg Urea/ha + 200 kg ZA/ha + 100 kg SP-36/ha + 50 kg KCl/ha + 5 t pupuk organik/ha &amp; Trichoderma + PHT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil umbi tertinggi dengan menerapkan teknik konservasi tanah dijumpai perlakuan bedengan searah lereng selang seling guludan kontur dengan ½ dosis pupuk (150 kg Urea/ha + 200 kg ZA/ha + 100 kg SP36/ha + 50 kg KCl/ha + 5 t pupuk organik/ha &amp; Trichoderma) sebesar 37,7 t/ha umbi kentang ditambah hasil bawang prei 1,54 t/ha yang ditanam pada areal guludan kontur. Hasil umbi kentang yang tinggi di dominasi oleh ukuran umbi yang besar (&gt; 200 g). Dengan teknik konservasi tanah ini dapat mengurangi laju erosi menjadi 26,98 t/ha (turun 34,31%) sehingga mengurangi kehilangan pupuk kimia yang terbawa erosi, dibanding penanaman kentang searah lereng (teknologi petani) yaitu erosi 41,07 t/ha. Selain itu, dengan menerapkan teknik konservasi tanah ini diperoleh keuntungan yang tinggi dan R/C ratio 4,25.</p>
Burnout y bienestar psicológico de funcionarios de unidades de cuidados intensivos
Authors: García Felipe E. , Cova-Solar Félix , Bustos-Torres Flor , Reyes-Pérez Érica 
Published: January 2018

El propósito del estudio fue el de evaluar la influencia de la rumiación y el apoyo social sobre el burnout y el bienestar psicológico en funcionarios de una unidad de cuidados intensivos de un hospital de alta complejidad en Chile. Se propuso un modelo de influencia indirecta del brooding sobre el bienestar psicológico, mediado por el apoyo social y el burnout. Para ello, fueron encuestados 136 funcionarios, de los cuales el 81,9% se encontraban entre los 23 y los 59 años de edad, siendo el 85,3% mujeres y el 14,7% hombres. Se empleó el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach (MBI), la Escala de Bienestar Psiclógico de Ryff (PWB), la Escala Multidimensional de Apoyo Social Percibido de Zimet (MSPSS) y la Escala de Respuesta Rumiativa de Treynor, González y Nolen-Hoeksema (RRS). Los resultados muestran relaciones directas entre el apoyo social y el bienestar, y entre el brooding y burnout, así como relaciones inversas entre el apoyo social y el burnout, y entre el brooding y el bienestar. El modelo de mediación propuesto mostró adecuados índices de ajuste.
La inteligencia emocional como factor protector en adolescentes con ideación suicida
Authors: Mamani-Benito Oscar Javier , Brousett-Minaya Magaly Alejandra , Ccori-Zúñiga Duumy Neyma , Villasante-Idme Karen Shirley 
Published: January 2018

El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar la eficacia de un programa de intervención para desarrollar la inteligencia emocional en un grupo de riesgo. La metodología implica un diseño cuasi experimental, con grupo intacto, el mismo que fue sometido a una evaluación antes y después de una intervención. La población consta de 33 adolescentes, mujeres identificadas con ideación suicida, y los instrumentos aplicados fueron la escala de ideación suicida de Beck y el inventario de inteligencia emocional de BarOn Ice. Los resultados evidencian el hallazgo de diferencias significativas (p < ,05) en los niveles tanto de ideación suicida (Z = -4,596) como en las dimensiones de inteligencia emocional: intrapersonal (t = -7,815), manejo de estrés (t = 10,294) y estado de ánimo general (t = 7,178). Se corrobora la prevalencia de la inteligencia emocional afectada en sujetos que presentan ideación suicida; así también, los resultados concuerdan con estudios que sustentan que la inteligencia emocional modula el riesgo suicida. Por lo tanto, se ha demostrado que la eficacia del programa de intervención permitió el desarrollo de la inteligencia emocional en las dimensiones antes mencionadas; por consecuencia se disminuyeron los niveles de ideación suicida en la población de riesgo
Changes in Humoral and Cellular Immunity in Tertiary Peritonitis
Authors: Matviychuk Oleh 
Published: January 2018

The objective of the research was to give a comparative characteristic of parameters of humoral and cellular immunity in the development of secondary and tertiary peritonitis.Materials and methods. The research enrolled 109 patients with secondary peritonitis, 20 of whom developed tertiary peritonitis. Changes in humoral and cellular immunity were evaluated by serial blood tests for the determination of leukocyte count, the relative number of lymphocytes, Ig A, M, and G levels, as well as by counting the phagocytic index, the phagocytic number and the leukocyte intoxication index. The statistical processing of the obtained data was made using the STATISTICA 5.0 software (StatSoft, USA).Results. All the patients were divided into 2 groups: the group of patients with secondary peritonitis (n=89) and the group of patients with tertiary peritonitis (n=20). In the development of tertiary peritonitis, leukocytosis, relative lymphocytopenia and high values of the leukocyte intoxication index persisted during the entire observation period. In tertiary peritonitis, the phagocytic index was significantly lower only on the day of hospitalization. In the group of tertiary peritonitis, the phagocytic number decreased significantly until the 7th day after surgery. Ig A, M and G levels were lower since admission and subsequently decreased as compared to the results in the group of patients with secondary peritonitis.Conclusions. 1. Tertiary peritonitis is the most severe form of abdominal sepsis with high rates of mortality and rather difficult early diagnosis. 2. With the development of tertiary peritonitis, leukocytosis increases and relative lymphocytopenia develops. 3. The reduction in phagocytic index is indicative for the prognosis of tertiary peritonitis. 4. Ig A and M levels are significantly lower, and the leukocyte intoxication index is high at the time of hospitalization in patients who subsequently develop tertiary peritonitis.