bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The attributive versus final distinction and the manifestation of “main clause phenomena” in Japanese and Korean noun modifying clause constructions
Authors: Horie Kaoru 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This paper compares Japanese and Korean noun-modifying clause constructions (NMCCs) in terms of the extent to which they accommodate ‘main clause phenomena’. Specifically, Japanese NMCCs allow for address-politeness suffixes to occur, and for quoted speech to be manifested with minimal linking devices. These main clause phenomena are disallowed within Korean NMCCs. We argue that the greater tolerance toward main clause phenomena in Japanese NMCCs than in Korean counterparts is crucially related to a prominent morpho-syntactic difference between the two languages, i.e. the virtual absence (Japanese) versus systematic presence (Korean) of the distinction between attributive and sentence-final forms. The attributive-final distinction in Japanese was obliterated around the sixteenth century.
Noun-modifying clause constructions in Sino-Tibetan languages
Authors: LaPolla Randy J. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
After a short background introduction on Sino-Tibetan noun modifying clause constructions generally, this paper demonstrates, using naturally occurring data, that the Mandarin pre-head noun-modifying clausal construction is grammatically unlike a relative clause construction, as normally conceived, even though it can be used to restrict the identification of the referent of the head noun, but is grammatically a noun-noun compound, and, like noun compounds, exhibits grammatically unrestricted association between the head and the modifier. The pragmatics of how the relation between the modifier and the head is understood is also briefly discussed.
Noun-modifying constructions in Marathi
Authors: Hook Peter Edwin , Pardeshi Prashant 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We provide a detailed description of the types of noun-modifying constructions in Marathi whose counterparts in Japanese are considered to be structurally comparable and one type of. We show that in Marathi, while one type of relative construction and one type of noun-complement clause are formally distinct, there are other types that are identical in form, as in Japanese. Furthermore, the same noun-modifying construction in Marathi has yet other functions (among them are “gapless” relativization and disembedded or insubordinate predication) that are characteristic of their counterparts in Japanese. The data reported in our chapter is taken from published and online sources.
Impact of a Brief Addiction Medicine Training Experience on Knowledge Self-Assessment among Medical Learners
Authors: Klimas Jan , Ahamad Keith , Fairgrieve Christoper , McLean Mark , Mead Annabel , Nolan Seonaid , Wood Evan 
Published: February 2017

Background: Implementation of evidence-based approaches to the treatment of various substance use disorders is needed to tackle the existing epidemic of substance use and related harms. Most clinicians, however, lack knowledge and practical experience with these approaches. Given this deficit, the authors examined the impact of an inpatient elective in addiction medicine amongst medical trainees on addiction-related knowledge and medical management. Methods: Trainees who completed an elective with a hospital-based Addiction Medicine Consult Team (AMCT) in Vancouver, Canada, from May 2015 to May 2016, completed a 9-item self-evaluation scale before and immediately after the elective. Results: A total of 48 participants completed both pre and post AMCT elective surveys. On average, participants were 28 years old (interquartile range [IQR] = 27–29) and contributed 20 days (IQR = 13–27) of clinical service. Knowledge of addiction medicine increased significantly post elective (mean difference [MD] = 8.63, standard deviation [SD] = 18.44; P = .002). The most and the least improved areas of knowledge were relapse prevention and substance use screening, respectively. Conclusions: Completion of a clinical elective with a hospital-based AMCT appears to improve medical trainees’ addiction-related knowledge. Further evaluation and expansion of addiction medicine education is warranted to develop the next generation of skilled addiction care providers.
Enhanced the hydrophobic surface and the photo-activity of TiO2-SiO2 composites
Authors: Wahyuni S , Prasetya A T 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The aim of this research is to develop nanomaterials for coating applications. This research studied the effect of various TiO2-SiO2 composites in acrylic paint to enhance the hydrophobic properties of the substrate. Titanium dioxide containing silica in the range 20–35 mol% has been synthesized using sol–gel route. The XRD’s spectra show that increasing SiO2 content in the composite, decreasing its crystalline properties but increasing the surface area. TiO2-SiO2 composite was dispersed in acrylic paint in 2% composition by weight. The largest contact angle was 70, which produced by the substrate coated with TS-35-modified acrylic paint. This study also investigated the enhanced photo-activity of TiO2-SiO2 modified with poly-aniline. The XRD spectra show that the treatment does not change the crystal structure of TiO2. The photo-activity of the composite was evaluated by degradation of Rhodamine-B with visible light. The best performance of the degradation process was handled by the composite treated with 0.1mL anilines per gram of TiO2-SiO2 composite (TSP-A). On the other side, the contact angle 70 has not shown an excellent hydrophobic activity. However, the AFM spectra showed that nanoroughness has started to form on the surface of acrylic paint modified with TiO2-SiO2 than acrylic alone.
Tianshanbeilu and the Isotopic Millet Road: reviewing the late Neolithic/Bronze Age radiation of human millet consumption from north China to Europe
Authors: Wang Tingting , Wei Dong , Chang Xien , Yu Zhiyong , Zhang Xinyu , Wang Changsui , Hu Yaowu , Fuller Benjamin T 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The westward expansion of human millet consumption from north China has important implications for understanding early interactions between the East and West. However, few studies have focused on the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, the vast geographical area directly linking the ancient cultures of the Eurasian Steppe and the Gansu Corridor of China. In this study, we present the largest isotopic investigation of Bronze Age China (n = 110) on material from the key site of Tianshanbeilu, in eastern Xinjiang. The large range of δ13C values (–17.6‰ to –7.2‰; –15.5 ± 1.2‰) provides direct evidence of unique dietary diversity and consumption of significant C4 resources (millets). The high δ15N results (10.3‰ to 16.7‰; 14.7 ± 0.8‰) likely reflect sheep/goat and wild game consumption and the arid climate of the Taklamakan Desert. Radiocarbon dates from four individuals indicate Tianshanbeilu was in use between 1940 and 1215 cal bc. The Tianshanbeilu results are then analysed with respect to 52 Bronze Age sites from across Eurasia, to investigate the spread and chronology of significant human millet consumption and human migration. This isotopic survey finds novel evidence that the second millennium bc was a dynamic period, with significant dietary interconnectivity occurring between north China, Central Asia and Siberia. Further, we argue that this ‘Isotopic Millet Road’ extended all the way to the Mediterranean and Central Europe, and conclude that these C4 dietary signatures of millet consumption reflect early links (migration and/or resource transfer) between the Bronze Age inhabitants of modern-day China and Europe.
Bilateral Blebs Secondary to Spontaneous Scleral Perforations
Authors: Fernández López Ester , Poon Alexander , Huhtanen Andrew , Lindsay Richard , Green Catherine 
Published: February 2017

Purpose:
To report an unusual case of bilateral spontaneous scleral perforations.

Methods:
A 34-year-old woman presented with bilateral conjunctival blebs and decreased vision in both eyes. There was no history of ocular trauma or surgery and no previous ophthalmic or systemic conditions that may have contributed to the scleral perforations.

Results:
Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/40 in both eyes and intraocular pressures were 6 mm Hg in the right and 5 mm Hg in the left. There was associated bilateral hypotonous maculopathy confirmed with optical coherence tomography. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy revealed bilateral inferonasal conjunctival blebs in otherwise normal anterior segments. Ultrasound biomicroscopy suggested an opening between the anterior chambers and subconjunctival spaces of both eyes. The patient underwent sequential repair of the perforations with sclerocorneal patch grafts. Intraoperatively crescentic perforating scleral clefts were noted in both eyes, with abnormal and friable surrounding tissue. Histopathology revealed degeneration of the sclera with absence of normal lamellar collagenous architecture and structure. At 9 months postoperative for each eye, the best-corrected visual acuity had improved to 20/20 on both eyes and intraocular pressures were 20 mm Hg on the right and 10 mm Hg on the left. Macular anatomy and thickness were restored in both eyes.

Conclusions:
Spontaneous scleral perforations without prior history of trauma or surgery is extremely rare. The underlying cause in our patient is hypothesized to be a coloboma with spontaneous perforation given its location and histopathology. If symptomatic it can successfully be repaired with a patch graft.
Suppression of scattering for small dielectric particles: anapole mode and invisibility
Authors: Luk'yanchuk Boris , Paniagua-Domínguez Ramón , Kuznetsov Arseniy I. , Miroshnichenko Andrey E. , Kivshar Yuri S. 
Published: February 2017

We reveal that an isotropic, homogeneous, subwavelength particle with high refractive index can produce ultra-small total scattering. This effect, which follows from the inhibition of the electric dipole radiation, can be identified as a Fano resonance in the scattering efficiency and is associated with the excitation of an anapole mode in the particle. This anapole mode is non-radiative and emerges from the destructive interference of electric and toroidal dipoles. The invisibility effect could be useful for the design of highly transparent optical materials.
This article is part of the themed issue ‘New horizons for nanophotonics’.
Strong coupling in hybrid metal–dielectric nanoresonators
Authors: Decker M. , Pertsch T. , Staude I. 
Published: February 2017

We study resonant photonic–plasmonic coupling between a gold dipole nanoantenna and a silicon nanodisc supporting electric and magnetic dipolar Mie-type resonances. Specifically, we consider two different cases for the mode structure of the silicon nanodisc, namely spectrally separate and spectrally matching electric and magnetic dipolar Mie-type resonances. In the latter case, the dielectric nanoparticle scatters the far fields of a unidirectional Huygens’ source. Our results reveal an anticrossing of the plasmonic dipole resonance and the magnetic Mie-type dipole resonance of the silicon nanodisc, accompanied by a clear signature of photonic–plasmonic mode hybridization in the corresponding mode profiles. These characteristics show that strong coupling is established between the two different resonant systems in the hybrid nanostructure. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that in comparison with purely metallic or dielectric nanostructures, hybrid metal–dielectric nanoresonators offer higher flexibility in tailoring the fractions of light which are transmitted, absorbed and reflected by the nanostructure over a broad range of parameters without changing its material composition. As a special case, highly asymmetric reflection and absorption properties can be achieved.
This article is part of the themed issue ‘New horizons for nanophotonics’.
Coupled dipole approximation across the Γ-point in a finite-sized nanoparticle array
Authors: Martikainen J.-P. , Moilanen A. J. , Törmä P. 
Published: February 2017

We study the response of a finite-sized nanoparticle array to an incident field in the vicinity of the Γ-point of the lattice. Using the coupled dipole approximation, we find that the dipole distributions can be strongly inhomogeneous and that strong modulations appear as the energy is above the Γ-point. We highlight how this is reflected in real-space extinction efficiencies as well as in radiation patterns from the finite-sized array.
This article is part of the themed issue ‘New horizons for nanophotonics’.
Spatial Variation of Soil Moisture and its Effect on Lint Yield in a Deficit Irrigated Cotton Field
Authors: Wen Yujin 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTAs the population increases in Southwest Texas in recent years, the urban water demand is drastically increasing. Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) is expected to be one of the potential water management practice for saving water while maintaining crop yield. A field experiment was conducted at the AgriLIFE Research center in Uvalde in summer 2008 to examine the water saving potential. Seven irrigation schemes and four varieties were assigned to the experimental field to test their effects on lint yield. As the spatial correlation of the soil moisture/ soil water content were suspected, a spatial analysis on lint yield and soil water content was conducted. The analysis results showed that: 1) The soil water contents showed spatial correlations, while the lint yield did not. 2) The relationship between lint yield and soil water content can be described by linear model better than spatial autocorrelation model. 3) The variogram fit of the soil water content showed a completed curve; the contour map generated using ordinary kriging illustrated the irrigation schemes effect well, and gradient effect was suspected. The variogram of the lint yield could not be fitted by a completed curve, which indicated that the sample field was not large enough to determine the variance function. Further study is needed to determine the slope effect on soil water content, and to improve the contour map precision of the lint yield.
Using eDNA to Detect the Distribution and Density of Invasive Crayfish in the Honghe-Hani Rice Terrace World Heritage Site
Authors: Cai Wang , Ma Zhuxin , Yang Chunyan , Wang Lin , Wang Wenzhi , Zhao Guigang , Geng Yupeng , Yu Douglas W. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe Honghe-Hani landscape in China is a UNESCO World Natural Heritage site due to the beauty of its thousands of rice terraces, but these structures are in danger from the invasive crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Crayfish dig nest holes, which collapse terrace walls and destroy rice production. Under the current control strategy, farmers self-report crayfish and are issued pesticide, but this strategy is not expected to eradicate the crayfish nor to prevent their spread since farmers are not able to detect small numbers of crayfish. Thus, we tested whether environmental DNA (eDNA) from paddy-water samples could provide a sensitive detection method. In an aquarium experiment, Real-time Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) successfully detected crayfish, even at a simulated density of one crayfish per average-sized paddy (with one false negative). In a field test, we tested eDNA and bottle traps against direct counts of crayfish. eDNA successfully detected crayfish in all 25 paddies where crayfish were observed and in none of the 7 paddies where crayfish were absent. Bottle-trapping was successful in only 68% of the crayfish-present paddies. eDNA concentrations also correlated positively with crayfish counts. In sum, these results suggest that single samples of eDNA are able to detect small crayfish populations, but not perfectly. Thus, we conclude that a program of repeated eDNA sampling is now feasible and likely reliable for measuring crayfish geographic range and for detecting new invasion fronts in the Honghe Hani landscape, which would inform regional control efforts and help to prevent the further spread of this invasive crayfish.
A general and powerful stage-wise testing procedure for differential expression and differential transcript usage
Authors: Van den Berge Koen , Soneson Charlotte , Robinson Mark D. , Clement Lieven 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundReductions in sequencing cost and innovations in expression quantification have prompted an emergence of RNA-seq studies with complex designs and data analysis at transcript resolution. These applications involve multiple hypotheses per gene, leading to challenging multiple testing problems. Conventional approaches provide separate top-lists for every contrast and false discovery rate (FDR) control at individual hypothesis level. Hence, they fail to establish proper gene-level error control, which compromises downstream validation experiments. Tests that aggregate individual hypotheses are more powerful and provide gene-level FDR control, but in the RNA-seq literature no methods are available for post-hoc analysis of individual hypotheses.ResultsWe introduce a two-stage procedure that leverages the increased power of aggregated hypothesis tests while maintaining high biological resolution by post-hoc analysis of genes passing the screening hypothesis. Our method is evaluated on simulated and real RNA-seq experiments. It provides gene-level FDR control in studies with complex designs while boosting power for interaction effects without compromising the discovery of main effects. In a differential transcript usage/expression context, stage-wise testing gains power by aggregating hypotheses at the gene level, while providing transcript-level assessment of genes passing the screening stage. Finally, a prostate cancer case study highlights the relevance of combining gene with transcript level results.ConclusionStage-wise testing is a general paradigm that can be adopted whenever individual hypotheses can be aggregated. In our context, it achieves an optimal middle ground between biological resolution and statistical power while providing gene-level FDR control, which is beneficial for downstream biological interpretation and validation.
Can the location of a trophectoderm biopsy contribute to human blastocyst development ?
Authors: Takano Tomoe , Funabiki Miyako , Taguchi Sagiri , Saji Fumie , Amano Namiko , Young Louise Kate , Nakamura Yoshitaka 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe influence of the location of a trophectoderm biopsy in human blastocysts on the development of those blastocysts has not yet been investigated. In our prospective study (n=92), our multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that blastocoel development was influenced by the location of the trophectoderm biopsy (p=0.049) and by the type of human blastocyst used (fresh or thawed) (p=0.037), regardless of the patient’s age (p=0.507) and the number of days for the human blastocyst in the pretrophectoderm biopsy (p=0.239). Therefore, when a trophectoderm biopsy is close to the inner cell mass (ICM) in human blastocysts, it improves the progress of blastocoel development.Clinical evidence suggests that the progress of blastocoel development is a predictor of clinical outcomes after single blastocyst transfer. Therefore, when the trophectoderm biopsy is done from near the ICM, improvement of clinical outcomes after single blastocyst transfer may be expected.
Estimation of the dispersal distances of an aphid-borne virus in a patchy landscape
Authors: Pleydell David , Soubeyrand Samuel , Dallot Sylvie , Labonne Gérard , Chadœuf Joël , Jacquot Emmanuel , Thébaud Gaël 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCharacterising the spatio-temporal dynamics of pathogensin naturais key to ensuring their efficient prevention and control. However, it is notoriously difficult to estimate dispersal parameters at scales that are relevant to real epidemics. Epidemiological surveys can provide informative data, but parameter estimation can be hampered when the timing of the epidemiological events is uncertain, and in the presence of interactions between disease spread, surveillance, and control. Further complications arise from imperfect detection of disease, and from the computationally intractable number of data on individual hosts arising from landscape-level surveys. Here, we present a Bayesian framework that overcomes these barriers by integrating over associated uncertainties in a model explicitly combining the processes of disease dispersal, surveillance and control. Using a novel computationally efficient approach to account for patch geometry, we demonstrate that disease dispersal distances can be estimated accurately in a fragmented landscape when disease control is ongoing. Applying this model to data for an aphid-borne virus (Plum pox virus) surveyed for 15 years over 600 orchards, we obtain the first estimate of the distribution of the flight distances of infectious aphids at the landscape scale. Most infectious aphids leaving a tree land beyond the bounds of a 1-ha orchard (50% of flights terminate within about 90 m). Moreover, long-distance flights are not rare (10% of flights exceed 1 km). By their impact on our quantitative understanding of winged aphids dispersal, these results can inform the design of management strategies for plant viruses, which are mainly aphid-borne.Author SummaryIn spatial epidemiology, dispersal kernels quantify how the probability of pathogen dissemination varies with distance. Spatial models of pathogen spread are sensitive to kernel parameters; yet these parameters have rarely been estimated using field data gathered at relevant scales. Robust estimation is rendered difficult by practical constraints limiting the number of surveyed individuals, and uncertainties concerning their disease status. Here, we present a framework that overcomes these barriers and permits inference for a between-patch transmission model. Extensive simulations show that dispersal kernels can be estimated from epidemiological surveillance data. When applied to such data collected from more than 600 orchards during 15 years of a plant virus epidemic our approach enables the estimation of the dispersal kernel of infectious winged aphids. This kernel is long-tailed, as 50% of the infectious aphids leaving a tree terminate their infectious flight within 90 m and 10% beyond 1 km. This first estimate of flight distances at the landscape scale for aphids–a group of vectors transmitting numerous viruses–is crucial for the science-based design of control strategies targeting plant virus epidemics.
CRISPRAnalyzeR: Interactive analysis, annotation and documentation of pooled CRISPR screens
Authors: Winter Jan , Schwering Marc , Pelz Oliver , Rauscher Benedikt , Zhan Tianzuo , Heigwer Florian , Boutros Michael 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPooled CRISPR/Cas9 screens are a powerful and versatile tool for the systematic investigation of cellular processes in a variety of organisms. Such screens generate large amounts of data that present a new challenge to analyze and interpret. Here, we developed a web application to analyze, document and explore pooled CRISR/Cas9 screens using a unified single workflow. The end-to-end analysis pipeline features eight different hit calling strategies based on state-of-the-art methods, including DESeq2, MAGeCK, edgeR, sgRSEA, Z-Ratio, Mann-Whitney test, ScreenBEAM and BAGEL. Results can be compared with interactive visualizations and data tables. CRISPRAnalyzeR integrates meta-information from 26 external data resources, providing a wide array of options for the annotation and documentation of screens. The application was developed with user experience in mind, requiring no previous knowledge in bioinformatics. All modern operating systems are supported.Availability and online documentation:The source code, a pre-configured docker application, sample data and a documentation can be found on our GitHub page (http://www.github.com/boutroslab/CRISPRAnalyzeR). A tutorial video can be found athttp://www.crispr-analyzer.org.