bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rethinking Anatomy: How to Overcome Challenges of Medical Education’s Evolution
Authors: Guimarães Bruno , Dourado Luís , Tsisar Stanislav , Diniz José Miguel , Madeira Maria Dulce , Ferreira Maria Amélia 
Published: February 2017

Introduction: Due to scientific and technological development, Medical Education has been readjusting its focus and strategies. Medical curriculum has been adopting a vertical integration model, in which basic and clinical sciences coexist during medical instruction. This context favours the introduction of new complementary technology-based pedagogical approaches. Thus, even traditional core sciences of medical curriculum, like Anatomy, are refocusing their teaching/learning paradigm.Material and Methods: We performed a bibliographic review aiming to reflect on Medical Education’s current pedagogical trend, by analysing the advantages of the introduction and diversification of pedagogical approaches in Anatomy Education.Results: Anatomy Education’s status quo is characterized by: less available teaching time, increasing demands from radiology and endoscopy imaging and other invasive and non-invasive medical techniques, increasing number of medical students and other logistical restrains exposed by the current Medical Education scenario. The traditional learning approach, mainly based on cadaveric dissection, is drifting to complementary newer technologies - such as 3D models or 2D/3D digital imaging - to examine the anatomy of the human body. Also, knowledge transfer is taking different channels, as learning management systems, social networks and computer-assisted learning and assessment are assuming relevant roles.Discussion: The future holds promising approaches for education models. The development of Artificial Intelligence, Virtual Reality and Learning Analytics could provide analytic tools towards a real-time and personalized learning process.Conclusion: A reflection on Anatomy Education, as a comprehensive model, allows us to understand Medical Education’s complexity. Therefore, the present Medical Education context favours a blended learning approach, in which multi-modality pedagogical strategies may become the landmark.
Satisfação com o Internato Médico em Portugal
Authors: Bigotte Vieira Miguel , Godinho Pedro , Gaibino Nuno , Dias Raquel , Sousa Agostinho , Madanelo Inês , Ribeiro-Mourão Francisco , Brandão Mariana , Duarte Sónia , Meirinhos Tiago , Catarino Ana Luísa , Espírito Santo Cláudio , Caiado Ricardo , Marques Ricardo , Ferreira Ana Gonçalves , Ramalheira Carlos , Valente Jorge João , Losada Marta , Santos Mário , Oliveira Edson , Farias João Paulo , Silva José Manuel 
Published: February 2017

Introdução: Nos últimos anos, o contexto global da formação médica, e em particular do Internato Médico em Portugal, sofreu profundas alterações. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar e caracterizar a satisfação dos médicos internos com a realização do Internato Médico em Portugal e identificar aspetos passíveis de melhoria.Material e Métodos: Foi utilizado como modelo de inquérito o questionário Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measuredesenvolvido no Reino Unido e dirigido a médicos internos, o qual foi traduzido e adaptado à realidade portuguesa. O questionário esteve disponível online durante os meses de abril e maio de 2016.Resultados: Foram obtidas 3456 respostas, correspondendo a uma taxa de resposta de 35%. Endocrinologia/Nutrição, Cardiologia, Anestesiologia, Medicina Geral e Familiar e Gastrenterologia foram as especialidades nas quais o grau de satisfação foi mais elevado,enquanto que Medicina Legal, Oncologia Médica, Medicina Interna, Cirurgia Geral e Pneumologia apresentaram o grau de satisfaçãomais baixo.Discussão: O presente estudo apresenta uma elevada taxa de resposta comparativamente com estudos prévios. A nível nacional, no global, os médicos internos apresentaram níveis elevados de satisfação, destacando-se marcadas assimetrias de acordo com o ano de especialidade, região, tipologia de instituição e de especialidade.Conclusão: Os resultados deste inquérito poderão constituir uma ferramenta de apoio à implementação de medidas de âmbito local enacional relacionadas com o Internato Médico, sendo desejável a realização regular de inquéritos de satisfação aos médico internos.
KUALITAS KIMIA DAN KANDUNGAN KLOROFIL TANAMAN ALFALFA (Medicago sativa L.) DENGAN LAMA PENYINARAN DAN DOSIS DOLOMIT YANG BERBEDA PADA TANAH REGOSOL
Authors: Hermanto Hermanto , Bambang Suwignyo Bambang Suwignyo , Nafiatul Nafiatul 
Published: February 2017

This study aimed to analyze the quality of chemical and chlorophyll content of alfalfa plants with lenght of irradiation and dose of dolomite on the regosol soil. The experiment was conducted implemented in Greenhouse Laboratory Forage and Pasture Faculty of Animal Sciences University of Gadjah Mada, from May to September 2015. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) 3 x 3 factorial design with two factors treatments and four replications. The first factor is the dose of dolomite (D) with 3 treatment (D0 = without dolomite, D1 = dolomite 6 t/hectare or 90 g/polybag and D2= dolomite 12 t/hectare or 180 g/polybag). The second factor is the length of irradiation (C) with 3 treatments (C0 = irradiating 12 hours, C1 = irradiating 14 hours and C2 = irradiating 16 hours). Data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and significant results continued with Duncan test at 5% level.Parameters measured were the proximate analysis (dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, ash) and alfalfa chlorophyll content. The results showed that there was no significant interaction effect between lenght of irradiation and dose of dolomite treatment to the dry matter content, organic matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, ash and alfalfa chlorophyll content. The treatment lenght of irradiation are significant (P<0,05) of the organic matter content and ash content of alfalfa. Dose of dolomite treatment was not significant on all parameters of the study. The results showed that the treatment and dosage of radiation are dolomite not significant on the production of plant fresh weight, dry weight of plants, dry matter content, organic matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, ash and content alfalfa chlorophyll. No interaction between treatment and dosage of radiation are dolomite which significantly affect production plant fresh weight, dry weight of plants, dry matter content, organic matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, ash and alfalfa chlorophyll content. (Keywords: Alfalfa, lenght of irradiation, dolomite, regosol soil)
Karakterisasi dan Deskripsi Plasma Nutfah Tomat
Authors: Kusandriyani Yenni , Luthfy NFN , Gunawan NFN 
Published: February 2017

<p>Characterization of tomato germplasm on the basis of tomato description was conducted of the Lembang Vegetables Government Research Institute. (1250 m asl), in the dry season 2003. Twenty five accession were observed, each accessions 20 plants were planted per plot with the distance 70 x 50 cm. Plants were fertilizer at the rate of 30 t/ha stable manure and 1000 kg/ha NPK applied two days before planting. Description of those accessions was determined for further use in breeding programme.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Kegiatan karakterisasi dilakukan untuk mendapatkan deskripsi sifat tanaman untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan working collection dalam program pemuliaan. Deskripsi merupakan ciri dari sifat tanaman yang dikoleksi. Penelitian menggunakan 25 aksesi, ditanam di kebun percobaan Lembang (1250 m dpl) pada musim kemarau 2003, masing-masing aksesi ditanam 20 tanaman per petak dengan jarak tanam 70 x 50 cm. Tanaman dipupuk dengan pupuk kandang kuda dengan takaran 30 t/ha dan NPK 1000 kg/ha. Pupuk kandang diberikan dua hari sebelum tanam dan NPK pada saat tanam. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan deskripsi pertumbuhan dan komponen hasil.</p>
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Hutan Produksi terhadap Keragaman Jenis Plasma Nutfah Perairan
Authors: Sawitri Reny , Iskandar Sofian 
Published: February 2017

<p>Management of forest production by application of Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) created crown opening by 13.3%, which was smaller compared with Conventional Logging (CNV) that caused crown opening by19.2%, and provided significant influence to water biodiversity. Availability of nutrient and essential minerals was better in RIL that was supported by high soluble residual or 95% higher and low velocity of river flow or 50% of surrounding CNV water. This physical condition showed significant difference to N and P ratio (N/P ratio) in RIL and CNV or 77.5 and 51.3. These values showed high content of nitrate of the water and it was in oligotropic type condition. Diversity Index of plankton in RIL was 1.754 and in CNV was 1.682 with each population density was 12,916 and 7,222 individuals/liter. The number of plankton had possitive correlation with N/P ratio (r = 0.9). In water catchment study area, there were found 28 fish species belonged to 20 genera and 8 families. The dominance families were Cyprinidae 57.14%, Bagridae 17.14%, and Anguillidae 7.14%. Most endemic fish species of Borneo were also found in both RIL and CNV water, however species with high relative frequency and density were found higher in RIL water.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Pengelolaan hutan produksi dengan model penebangan Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) membuat pembukaan tajuk seluas 13,3% yang relatif lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan penebangan konvensional (CNV) dengan pembukaan tajuk seluas 19,2%, memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda terhadap keanekaragaman hayati perairan. Ketersediaan nutrisi dan hara penting yang lebih baik di perairan kawasan RIL ditunjang oleh tingginya residu terlarut 95% dan rendahnya kecepatan aliran air sungai 50% dari perairan sekitar CNV. Kondisi fisik perairan yang demikian menunjukkan perbedaan nyata terhadap perbandingan nitrat dan fosfat (N/P rasio) di RIL dan CNV, yaitu 77,5 dan 51,3. Nilai ini menunjukkan kadar nitrat perairan yang tinggi, dan perairan berada dalam tipe oligotropic. Indeks keragaman jenis plankton di RIL 1,754 dan di CNV 1,682 dengan populasi masing-masing 12.916 individu/liter dan 7.222 individu/ liter. Jumlah plankton ini berkorelasi positif dengan N/P rasio (r = 0,9). Di perairan sekitar DAS areal penelitian terdapat 28 jenis ikan tergolong kedalam 20 genera dan 8 famili. Famili dominan adalah Cyprinidae 57,14%, Bagridae 17,14%, dan Anguillidae 7,14%. Sebagian besar ikan jenis endemik Kalimantan terdapat pula di kedua perairan RIL dan CNV, tetapi jenis yang mempunyai kerapatan dan frekuensi relatif tinggi ditemukan lebih banyak di perairan RIL.</p>
Karakteristik Umbi Plasma Nutfah Tanaman Talas (Colocasia esculenta)
Authors: Setyowati Mamik , Hanarida Ida , Sutoro NFN 
Published: February 2017

<p>Taro have been cultivated and consumed as a food supplement in Indonesia. Beside it used as a food, it is also as source of industrial purposes, such as a part of raw material of cosmetic or plastic. Characteristic of tuber (corm) of taro determine their usage. Utilization of germplasm collection of taro could be done more intensively by studying their morphological characters. Experiment was conducted in 2005 consisted of 170 accessions of taro. Morphological characters of tuber have been observed at harvest time. Result of the study show that variability of morphological characters were exist within areas or among areas. There are several interesting varieties which have long umbi or high tuber yield and specific tuber flesh color.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Tanaman talas telah lama dibudidayakan dan dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pangan tambahan di Indonesia. Di samping sebagai sumber pangan, talas juga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk keperluan industri, misalnya sebagai bahan baku kosmetik dan plastik. Karateristik umbi talas menentukan penggunaannya. Pemanfaatan talas dapat ditingkatkan dengan mempelajari sifat-sifat morfologi yang dimiliki plasma nutfah yang telah dikoleksi. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada tahun 2005 terdiri atas 170 aksesi plasma nutfah talas. Karakter morfologi umbi diamati setelah panen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat keragaman karakter morfologi dalam daerah atau antar daerah asal plasma nutfah. Dari koleksi plasma nutfah yang telah dimiliki diperoleh aksesi yang menarik seperti umbi talas yang panjang dengan warna daging umbi yang khas.</p>
Studi Ekologi dan Potensi Geronggang (Cratoxylon arborescens Bl.) di Kelompok Hutan Sungai Bepasir-Sungai Siduung, Kabupaten Tanjung Redeb, Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Heriyanto N. M. , Subiandono Endro 
Published: February 2017

<p>These studies were conducted in September 2004 by using square inventory (1,000 x 1,000 m on 100 ha) and divided into 5 strips measuremences which laid down by purposive systematic sampling. Observation within the transect were on stage of tree, pole, sapling, and seedling measured. Predominant species were meranti (Shorea spp.) with INP 38.3%, pisangpisang (Mezzetia parviflora) INP 26.6%, and mertibu (Dacrylocladus stenostachys) INP 23.2%. The tree stages of geronggang was INP 8.8%, poles stage INP 6.5%, sapling stage INP 9.5%, and seedling stage INP 10.8%. Geronggang is closely related to rengas (Gluta renghas) with Ochiai index 0.48, pisang-pisang (M. parviflora) 0.47, and terentang (Campnosperma auriculata) 0.46. However, this species did not associate with kelansau (Dryobalanops abnormis) 0.09, kayu malam (Diospyros bantamensis) 0.11, and kenari (Canarium caudatum) 0.12.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekologi dan potensi geronggang (C. arborescens) di habitat alamnya, dilakukan pada bulan September 2004. Penelitian menggunakan satuan contoh berbentuk bujur sangkar dengan ukuran 1000 x 1000 m (100 ha). Di dalam petak bujur sangkar dibuat jalur dengan lebar 20 m, panjang 1000 m, sebanyak lima jalur. Pada jalur ini dilakukan pengukuran semai, pancang, tiang, dan pohon. Jenis tumbuhan yang mendominasi tegakan di kelompok hutan Sungai Bepasir-Sungai Siduung, adalah meranti (Shorea spp.) dengan INP 38,3%, pisang-pisang (Mezzetia parviflora) dengan INP 26,6%, dan mertibu (Dacrylocladus stenostachys) dengan INP 23,2%. Jenis geronggang hanya memiliki INP 8,8%. Jenisjenis yang berasosiasi kuat dengan geronggang adalah rengas (Gluta renghas) dengan indeks Ochiai 0,48, kemudian diikuti oleh jenis pisang-pisang (M. parviflora) dengan indeks 0,47, dan terentang (Campnosperma auriculata) dengan indeks 0,46. Jenis yang berasosiasi dengan geronggang tetapi tidak kuat adalah kelansau (Dryobalanops abnormis) dengan indeks 0,09, kayu malam (Diospyros bantamensis) dengan indeks 0,11, dan kenari hutan (Canarium caudatum) dengan indeks 0,12.</p>
Pemanfaatan Plasma Nutfah Mikroba Bordetella bronchiseptica sebagai Perangkat Deteksi Antibodi
Authors: Chotiah Siti 
Published: February 2017

<p>Microbe germplasm of Bordetella bronchiseptica has been found in pigs in Indonesia and recognized as the causal agent of atrophic rhinitis and pneumonia, and also one of the agents involved in porcine respiratory disease complex. Those microbes have been characterized and conserved ex situ at Balitvet Culture Collection. The aim of this research was to find out seroepidemiological of B. bronchiseptica infections at four pig herds in two regencies in Central Java, by utilizing the germ plasma as antibody detection kit. The ELISA technique used lypopolysaccharide and sera hypperimmune of B. bronchiseptica local isolate as an antigen and positive sera respectively. Referring to cut off level of 0.404, the survey results showed that of 25.4% of 63 pig serum samples examine by ELISA were positively infected by B. bronchiseptica; 14.29% and 11, 11% from Karanganyar regencies and Sragen regencies respectively. Base on pig ages it showed that 10.35%, 24%, and 77.8% to be seropositive from less than three-month age group, three-month until five-month age group, and more than five-month age group respectively. Base on pig farm it was showed that 28.60; 30; 13.64; and 40% were seropositive collected from Farm 1, Farm 2, Farm 3 and Farm 4 respectively. The results indicated that B. bronchiseptica infection was spread on four pig herds in two regencies in Central Java with the higest seropositive (77,8%) in more than five-month age group.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Plasma nutfah Bordetella bronchiseptica telah ditemukan pada babi di Indonesia, selain merupakan agen penyebab atrophic rhinitis dan pneumoni juga salah satu agen porcine respiratory disease complex. Mikroba tersebut telah dikarakterisasi dan dikonservasi ex situ di Balitvet Culture Collection (BCC). Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui seroepidemiologi infeksi B. bronchiseptica pada empat peternakan babi di dua kabupaten di Jawa Tengah, dengan memanfaatkan plasma nutfah tersebut sebagai bahan baku perangkat deteksi antibodi. Teknik Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) menggunakan lypopolysaccharide dan serum imun dari isolat lokal B. bronchiseptica BS(BCC 2455) masing-masing sebagai antigen dan serum kontrol positif. Mengacu pada nilai cut off 0,404, hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa 25,4% dari 63 sampel serum yang diperiksa positif terinfeksi oleh B. bronchiseptica, 14,3% di antaranya berasal dari Kabupaten Karanganyar dan 11,1% dari Kabupaten Sragen. Berdasarkan pengelompokan umur diketahui bahwa seropositif sebanyak 10,35; 24; dan 77,8% masing-masing berasal dari kelompok umur di bawah 3 bulan, kelompok umur 3 sampai 5 bulan, dan kelompok umur di atas 5 bulan. Berdasarkan peternak sebaran seropositif sebanyak 28,60; 30; 13,64; dan 40% masing-masing pada peternakan 1, 2, 3, dan 4. Hal ini menunjukkan infeksi B. bronchiseptica telah tersebar di empat peternakan babi di dua kabupaten di Jawa Tengah dengan seropositif tertinggi (77,8%) pada kelompok babi umur di atas 5 bulan.</p>
Pengelompokan Plasma Nutfah Gandum (Triticum aestivum) Berdasarkan Karakter Kuantitatif Tanaman
Authors: Setyowati Mamik , Hanarida Ida , Sutoro NFN 
Published: February 2017

<p>Clustering of the 65 accessions of wheat have been done based on the quantitave plant characters. The purpose of this study was to identify genetic resources of wheat for breeding programs. Result of the analysis showed that there are 6 clusters. Two of those clusters have short maturiy and high yielding potential. Cluster of accessions having which is short maturity and moderately short plant, 1.000 seeds weight, maximum number of tiller, number of productive tiller, panicle length, exertion length have 12 accessions. While cluster with high potential production, shot panicle and moderate quantitative characters consists of 13 accessions. Therefore, those two clusters could be used as genetic resources for short maturiy and high yield characters of wheat.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Telah dilakukan pengelompokan 65 aksesi plasma nutfah gandum berdasarkan karakter kuantitatif. Ini dimaksudkan untuk mengidentifikasi sumber gen untuk perakitan varietas unggul gandum. Hasil analisis gerombol dengan menggunakan peubah kuantitatif diperoleh 6 kelompok aksesi. Dua kelompok di antaranya memiliki karakteristik umur panen cepat dan potensi hasil tinggi. Kelompok aksesi yang memiliki umur panen cepat dan tinggi tanaman pendek, berat 1.000 butir, jumlah anakan maksimum, jumlah anakan produktif, panjang malai dan panjang tangkai malai rata-ratanya sedang terdapat 12 aksesi. Kelompok aksesi yang memiliki potensi hasil tinggi dengan malai pendek serta sifat kuantitatif lainnya sedang terdapat 13 aksesi. Oleh karena itu, untuk kedua kelompok tersebut dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber gen tanaman gandum berumur pendek dan berpotensi hasil tinggi.</p>
Karakterisasi Plasma Nutfah untuk Perbaikan Varietas Kedelai Sayur (Edamame)
Authors: Asadi NFN 
Published: February 2017

<p>Edamame or vegetable soybean is one of the most important vegetable particularly in Japan, Taiwan, China and Korea. In Edamame quality is measured based on six criteria: appearance, taste, flavor, sweetness, texture, and nutritional value. Since 1998 the conservation and characterization of edamame germplasm have been done at Indonesian Center of Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic resources Research And Development (ICABIOGRAD), and since 2007 research program breeding edamame have been started. The research is a collaboration with Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center (AVRDC). The research results showed: (1) edamame is potential to be developed in Indonesia, (2) based on morphological, agronomical characterization and organoleptic testing on 34 accessions of edamame germplasm were found those 10 accessions have gray pubescence, 22 accessions produced medium seeds (20-&lt;30 g/100 seeds), 6 accessions produced the large seed (&gt;30 g/100 bijou), 14 accessions had good taste, good seeds and pods performance, (3) based on 5 crossing combinations were obtained 20-200 F1 seeds. The F1 seeds were planted and will be developed to find selected edamame lines as candidate edamame release varieties, (4) edamame lines introduction from Taiwan were adapted well in Pacet (West Java, 900 m above sea level).</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Edamame atau kedelai sayur (vegetable soybean) merupakan jenis sayuran yang sangat populer di Jepang, Taiwan, Cina, dan Korea. Ada enam kriteria yang menentukan kualitas edamame, yaitu penampilan, rasa, bau, tingkat kemanisan, tekstur, dan nilai gizi. Sejak tahun 1998 BB-Biogen (dulu Balitbio) telah memulai kegiatan konservasi, karakterisasi, dan plasma nutfah edamame. Pada tahun 2007 telah dimulai kegiatan pemuliaan yang bekerja sama dengan AVRDC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) edamame berpotensi untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia; (2) dari 34 aksesi yang telah dievaluasi dan karak-terisasi telah diperoleh 10 aksesi berbulu abu, 22 aksesi berbiji sedang (20-29 g/100 biji), 6 aksesi berbiji besar (&gt;30 g/100 biji), 14 aksesi memiliki rasa enak dan penampilan polong rebus bagus; (3) dari 5 kombinasi persilangan yang dibuat telah diperoleh 20-200 biji F1 untuk diseleksi lebih lanjut; dan (4) galur edamame introduksi dari Taiwan beradaptasi dengan baik di Pacet (Jawa Barat pada ketinggian 900 m dpl).</p>