bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invasion percolation & basin modelling for CCS site screening and characterization
Authors: Baur Friedemann , Hiebert Sam 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDuring the early screening phase of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) site evaluations limited time and data are available and hence CO2 plume evaluations using time and data intensive reservoir simulations are almost never performed. However, there is still a need for early plume evaluations to risk and rank injection sites relative to each other. Therefore, an alternative fluid migration method called invasion percolation is adopted for the CCS screening phase to predict the extent and location of CO2 plumes in the subsurface. Invasion percolation as part of basin modeling is a rapid method, which requires limited data and is ideal for the early screening phase. Invasion percolation results are compared to uncalibrated reservoir models, typical for the screening phase, revealing that plume location shape and size are very reasonable especially when compared to seismic observed plume outlines. It can be concluded that invasion percolation as part of basin modeling is a fit for purpose method, which can assess multiple opportunities rapidly during the early intake screening phase to risk and rank opportunities relative to each other and to build a CCS injection site portfolio. In addition to the plume evaluation, basin models can provide useful basin‐scale or injection site specific pressure and temperature predictions as well as CO2 density estimates for static volume calculations before detailed reservoir and stratigraphic models are available. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Depositional Age and Provenance of the Erlangping Group in the Tianshui Area: Implication for Early Palaeozoic Evolution of the Erlangping Back‐Arc Basin
Authors: Qi Yukun , Sun Jiaopeng , Dong Yunpeng , He Weidong , Li Zonglin , He Lei , Ye Kai , Wang Zhigang , Zhang Junxiang , Wang Teng 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe Erlangping back‐arc Basin separated the North Qinling Arc Terrane (NQAT) from the North China Block during Cambrian‐Ordovician. An enhanced knowledge on its evolutionary history would greatly improve our understanding on tectonic evolution of the Proto‐Tethys Ocean. In this study, we undertook sandstone petrologic and detrital zircon U–Pb geochronologic investigations on the Erlangping Group around the Tianshui Area. The Erlangping Group meta‐sedimentary rocks yielded two general types of zircon U–Pb age patterns. The first type is composed mostly of Neoproterozoic ages with a major age peak at ca. 900 Ma and has a youngest age population peaking at ca. 440 Ma. The second type is dominated by ca. 500–400 Ma components with a youngest age peak of ca. 380 Ma. The two contrasting age patterns and youngest peak ages, along with known ages of volcanic interbeds and intruded granites, allow us to subdivide the Erlangping Group to a Silurian unit and a Devonian unit, which are both stratigraphic higher than the Cambrian‐Ordovician ophiolitic unit of the Erlangping Group. In comparison with age spectra of coeval sediments in the nearby tectonic units, we found that sources of the Erlangping Group were from the Neoproterozoic NQAT basement rocks and associated Early Palaeozoic volcanic and plutonic rocks. The increasing numbers of younger zircons hint at a significant structural unroofing of the NQAT at the Silurian‐Devonian transition before having been subjected to greenschist‐facies metamorphism in the Devonian in response to the elimination of the Shangdan Ocean.
Promoting Independence Through Quality Dementia Care at Home (PITCH): An Australian Stepped‐Wedge Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial Evaluating a Dementia Training Program for Home Care Workers
Authors: Dow Briony , Savvas Steven , Dang Christa , Batchelor Frances , Doyle Colleen , Cooper Claudia , Livingston Gill , Wise Erica , Tan Esther , Panayiotou Anita , Malta Sue , Clarke Philip , Burton Jason , Low Lee‐Fay , Loi Samantha M. , Fairhall Anne , Polacsek Meg , Lyketsos Constantine , Scherer Samuel , Ames David , Engel Lidia , Goh Anita M. Y. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe primary aim of this pragmatic stepped‐wedge cluster RCT was to determine the efficacy of a co‐designed dementia specialist training program (the PITCH program) for home care workers (HCWs) to improve their confidence and knowledge when providing care for clients living with dementia.MethodsHCWs who provided care to clients with dementia were recruited from seven home care service provider organisations in Australia between July 2019 and May 2022, and randomised into one of 18 clusters. The primary outcome was HCW's sense of self‐competence in providing care services to people living with dementia at 6 months post PITCH training measured by the Sense of Competence in Dementia Care Staff (SCIDS) Scale.ResultsTwo hundred and thirteen HCWS completed baseline assessment and almost half (48.4%) completed all three study assessments. HCWs in clusters that received PITCH training had significantly higher sense of competence (measured by SCIDS) than those who had not received PITCH training. Post hoc analysis revealed that face‐to‐face PITCH training consistently resulted in improvements in the HCWs sense of competence, dementia attitudes and knowledge when compared to online training and when compared to no training. PITCH training had no effect on the sense of strain HCWs felt in delivering dementia care.ConclusionsGiven the majority of care for people living with dementia is provided at home by family carers supported by HCWs, it is essential that HCWs receive training that improves their skills in dementia care. This study is an important step towards better care at home for people living with dementia.
The relationship of COVID‐19 severity with laboratory findings and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio in patients admitted to a large teaching hospital in Iran: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Khazaeipour Zahra , Gholamzadeh Marsa , Behnoush Amir Hossein , Pestei Khalil 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsCOVID‐19 patients might be admitted to the hospital based on their clinical manifestations or to the intensive care unit (ICU) due to the severity of their symptoms or critical situation. Our main objective was to investigate clinical and demographic factors influencing COVID‐19 patients' admission to the ICU and length of stay (LOS) using extracted data from the hospital information systems in Iran.MethodsThe data of hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID‐19 were retrieved from the health information system of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran between March 2020 and February 2022. The primary outcome was the ICU admission, and the secondary outcome was the LOS. The correlation analysis between laboratory findings and demographic data with ICU admission and LOS was done using SPSS 21.0, and p < 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsOf all the 4156 patients, 2391 (57.5%) were male and the mean age was 58.69 ± 8.19 years. Of these, 9.5% of patients were admitted to ICU at any time point during their hospital stay. Age and laboratory variables such as neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), ALT (U/L), albumin (g/dL), plasma glucose (mg/dL), ferritin levels (ng/mL), and phosphorous levels (mg/dL) shown the significant relationship with ICU admission. Also, being a smoker and having hypoxemia had a significant relationship with longer stays in the hospital. In this study, we validated a cut‐off value of 4.819 for NLR, calculated at hospitalization, as a useful predictor of disease progression and occurrence of serious clinical outcomes, such as ICU admission.ConclusionThe study examined various clinical factors associated with ICU admission in COVID‐19 patients. The findings suggest that certain factors can increase the risk of ICU admission and influence the length of hospital stay which should be focused in future studies.
Pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines mediate the progression of severe anemia in malaria‐infected children: A prospective study
Authors: Nkansah Charles , Osei‐Boakye Felix , Abbam Gabriel , Appiah Samuel K. , Daud Samira , Boakye Bright , Abdulai Samsiyatu , Ahmed Madina , Antwi Theophilus B. , Boateng Birago , Libatin Miigbat P. , Mensah Alexander S. , Missah Mary K. , Duneeh Richard V. , Haruna Ashiya , Adda Stephany , Abdul‐Rauf Pagnaa G. , Ofori Zacharia A. , Fosu George B. , Segnitome Sandra , Adjei Isaac , Appiah‐Kubi Emmanuel , Banyeh Moses , Derigubah Charles A. , Tanko Muniru M. , Chukwurah Ejike F. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundSevere Plasmodium falciparum malarial anemia is still the principal cause of death in children in underdeveloped countries. An imbalance between proinflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines is associated with malaria progression. This study evaluated circulating levels of selected inflammatory cytokines among malaria‐infected children in Ghana.MethodsThis case‐control study was conducted at Tamale Teaching Hospital, Ghana. One hundred and twenty children with malaria and 60 controls, aged 12−144 months were selected from April to July, 2023 for the study. Malaria was diagnosed through microscopy, full blood count was measured using hematology analyzer, and cytokines were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsMalaria‐infected children had higher tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) (p < .001), interferon‐gamma (IFN‐ɣ) (p < .001), interleukin (IL)‐1β (p < .001), IL‐6 (p < .001), granulocyte macrophage‐colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) (p < .001), and IL‐10 (p < .001) levels than controls. Participants with high parasitemia had raised TNF‐α (p < .001), IFN‐ɣ (p < .001), IL‐1β (p < .001), IL‐6 (p < .001), GM‐CSF (p < .001), and IL‐10 (p < .001), but reduced IL‐3 (p < .001) and TGF‐β (p < .001) than those with low parasitemia. Severe malarial anemic children had elevated TNF‐α (p < .001), IFN‐ɣ (p < .001), IL‐1β (p < .001), IL‐6 (p < .001), GM‐CSF (p < .001), and IL‐10 (p < .001), but lower IL‐3 (p < .001) and TGF‐β (p < .001) than those with uncomplicated malaria.ConclusionParasite density was the principal predictor of the cytokine levels, as parasitemia positively associated with IL‐10, GM‐CSF, IL‐6, IL‐1β, IFN‐ɣ, and TNF‐α, but negatively associated with IL‐3 and TGF‐β. Malaria is associated with enhanced secretion of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines in Ghanaian children. Inflammatory cytokines may be involved in the development of severe malarial anemia in children. However, IL‐3 and TGF‐β may offer protection against severe malarial anemia.
Combined inhibition of RAD51 and CHK1 causes synergistic toxicity in cisplatin resistant cancer cells by triggering replication fork collapse
Authors: Mann Julia , Niedermayer Kathrin , Krautstrunk Johannes , Abbey Lena , Wiesmüller Lisa , Piekorz Roland P. , Fritz Gerhard 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe therapeutic efficacy of the anticancer drug cisplatin is limited by acquired drug resistance. Cisplatin forms DNA crosslinks, that, if not removed, lead to replication stress. Due to this, the DNA damage response (DDR) gets activated regulating cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, cell death or survival. This makes DDR components promising targets for the development of new therapeutic approaches aiming to overcome acquired drug resistance. To this end, cisplatin‐resistant bladder cancer cells were analyzed regarding their sensitivity to combination treatments with selected pharmacological DDR inhibitors. Synergistic cytolethal effects were achieved after combined treatment with low to moderate doses of the non‐genotoxic RAD51‐inhibitor (RAD51i) B02 and CHK1‐inhibitor (CHK1i) PF477736. This effect was also found in cisplatin resistant tumor cells of other origin as well as with other RAD51i and CHK1i. Combined treatments promoted decelerated replication, S‐phase blockage, accumulation of DNA strand breaks, DDR activation and stimulation of apoptotic cell death as compared to mono‐treatment, which is independent of the expression of RAD51, CHK1, and PrimPol. Based on these data, we suggest combined inhibition of RAD51 and CHK1 to overcome acquired cisplatin resistance of malignant cells. We propose that the molecular mechanism of this synergistic toxicity relies on a simultaneous inactivation of two key DNA damage tolerance pathways regulating replication fork restart, thereby circumventing the activation of alternative compensatory mechanisms and, in consequence, eventually effectively triggering apoptotic cell death by replication fork collapse.
Aflatoxin exposure is associated with an increased risk of gallbladder cancer
Authors: Yadav Amit , Gupta Pankaj , Gupta Parikshaa , Patil Amol N. , Das Chandan K. , Hooda Harish , Thakur Deepa , Sharma Vishal , Singh Anupam K. , Yadav Thakur Deen , Kaman Lileswar , Thakur Jarnail Singh , Sudini Hari Kishan , Srinivasan Radhika , Dutta Usha 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGall bladder cancer (GBC) is common among the socioeconomically deprived populations of certain geographical regions. Aflatoxin is a genotoxic hepatocarcinogen, which is recognized to have a role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the role of aflatoxin in the pathogenesis of GBC is largely unknown. We determined serum AFB1‐Lys albumin adduct (AAA) levels as a marker of aflatoxin exposure in the patients with GBC and compared to those without GBC. The relationship of AAA levels to cytogenetic (TP53mutation&HER2/neu amplification) and radiological characteristics of the tumor was assessed. We included GBC cases (n = 51) and non‐GBC controls (n = 100). Mean serum AAA levels were higher in the GBC group (n = 51) than those without GBC (n = 100) (26.1 ± 12.2 vs. 13.1 ± 11.9 ng/mL; p < .001). HER2/neu expression was associated with higher AAA levels compared to those with equivocal or negative expression (43.9 ± 3 vs. 28.6 ± 10 vs. 19.3 ± 7 ng/mL; p < .001). Older age (age >50 years) (odds ratio [OR] = 3.2 [CI: 1.3–8.2]; p = .013), positive Helicobacter pylori serology (OR = 5.1 [CI: 1.4–17.8]; p = .012), presence of GS (OR = 5 [CI: 1.5–16.9]; p = .009) and detectable AAA levels (OR = 6.8 [CI: 1.3–35.7]; p = .024) were independent risk factors for the presence of the GBC among all study subjects. Among patients harboring GS, older age (age >50 years) (OR = 4.5 [CI: 1.3–14.9]; p = .015), female gender (OR = 3.8 [CI: 1.2–12.5]; p = .027), presence of multiple GS (OR = 21.9 [CI: 4.8–100.4]; p < .001) and high serum AAA levels (OR = 5.3 [CI: 1.6–17.3]; p = .006) were independent risk factors for the presence of the GBC. Elderly age >50 years (OR = 2.6 [CI: 1.3–5.2]; p = .010) and frequent peanut consumption (OR = 2.3 [CI: 1.1–4.9]; p = .030) were independent risk factors for high serum AAA levels. The current study has implications for the prevention of GBC through the reduction of dietary aflatoxin exposure.
A longitudinal study of prosocial behaviors predicting later academic performance in US Latine early adolescents
Authors: Cruz Alysia Maryse , Carlo Gustavo , Gulseven Zehra , Vandell Deborah Lowe 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionScholars have asserted and provided evidence on the developmental benefits of prosocial behaviors on later academic performance and well‐being. However, research directly examining these links in US Latine early adolescents and work that explains the positive link between prosocial behaviors and academic outcomes is scarce. The present study investigated whether social skills and self‐efficacy mediate the positive relations between prosocial behaviors and US Latine early adolescents' educational performance.MethodParticipants were 543 low‐income, US Latine middle school students (Mage = 11.7, SD = 0.73; 275 girls) attending after‐school programs. Measures of prosocial behaviors, social skills, self‐efficacy, and academic performance were administered at three‐time points.ResultsFindings showed that prosocial behaviors were significantly and positively linked to later self‐efficacy, which in turn, was subsequently positively linked to academic performance. In contrast, the paths among prosocial behaviors, social skills, and academic performance were not significant.ConclusionThe discussion focuses on the central role of self‐efficacy in understanding the relations between prosocial behaviors and educational performance in US Latine early adolescents.
Glyoxylate supplementation ameliorates colitis associated colon cancer progression
Authors: Murmu Nabendu , Ghosh Paramita , Namani Akhileshwar , Patra Tapas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractColon cancer is on the rise in younger adults. Despite multimodal treatment strategies, clinical outcomes in advanced stage colon cancer patients remain poor. Neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy efficacy is limited due to chemoresistance, toxicity, and negative side effects. Overwhelming evidence supporting the small‐molecule metabolites derived from breakdown of food or microbial sources confer an extensive array of host benefits, including chemo‐preventive role in colon cancer. Our previous study indicated that the introduction of glyoxylate (Glx), an intermediate product of microbial or plant metabolism, exerts a cytotoxic effect in colon cancer cells. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of Glx on colon cancer with molecular insights. For this, we established an AOM/DSS‐induced colitis associated colon cancer model in mice. Supplementation of Glx in vivo reduced colitis associated tumor growth and altered the metabolic characteristics of tumor tissue in mice without initiating any severe liver or renal toxicity. More specifically, intake of glyoxylate accumulated glycine in the colon tissue by elevation of alanine‐glyoxylate transferase (AGXT) activity. Glycine accumulation increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration via glycine receptor activation and dysregulation of Ca2+ homeostasis lead to induction of apoptosis that resulted in arresting tumor growth. Interestingly, elevation of AGXT activity or Glx related specific metabolic pathway provides better survival in colon cancer patients. Collectively, our exclusive findings support the exploration of Glx either as a preventive molecule or its inclusion in the treatment regimens for colon cancer.
Evaluation of the ability of laboratory, ultrasonography, and Doppler ultrasonography findings to distinguish between simple and complicated appendicitis
Authors: Bozbeyoglu Sabriye Gulcin , Gulcin Neslihan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the utility of laboratory ultrasonographic and Doppler ultrasonographic findings in the differentiation of simple and complicated appendicitis.MethodsA prospective study was conducted, including pediatric patients who underwent surgery with the diagnosis of appendicitis.ResultsFifty patients, who were found to have appendicitis on ultrasonographic examination, were included. The mean age was found to be 12.80 ± 3.67 years, with 30% female and 70% male. The patients were histopathologically divided into two groups: simple appendicitis (Group 1, 41 patients, 82%) and complicated appendicitis (Group 2, 9 patients, 18%). CRP (C‐reactive protein) levels (p = 0.004) and periappendiceal fatty tissue thickness (PFI) (p < 0.005) were found to be statistically significantly higher in Group 2 compared to Group 1. The portal vein (PV) diameter and peak systolic velocity (PSV) values were significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group (p = 0.033, p = 0.001).ConclusionDoppler ultrasonographic examination did not significantly differentiate complicated from simple appendicitis. The CRP value is an independent risk factor in the diagnosis of complicated appendicitis, and the presence of a significant increase in mesenteric tissue thickness is one of the important criteria for differentiating complicated appendicitis from simple appendicitis.
The Japanese Catheter Ablation Registry (J‐AB): Annual report in 2022
Authors: Kusano Kengo , Inoue Koichi , Kanaoka Koshiro , Miyamoto Koji , Okumura Yasuo , Iwasaki Yu‐ki , Satomi Kazuhiro , Takatsuki Seiji , Nakamura Kohki , Iwanaga Yoshitaka , Yamane Teiichi , Shimizu Wataru ,   J‐AB registry investigators
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Japanese Catheter Ablation (J‐AB) registry, started in August 2017, is a voluntary, nationwide, multicenter, prospective, observational registry, performed by the Japanese Heart Rhythm Society (JHRS) in collaboration with the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center. From January 2022, the data registration system was changed from Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) system to Fountayn system. The purpose of this registry was to collect the details of target arrhythmias, the ablation procedures, including the type of target arrhythmias, outcomes, and acute complications in the real‐world settings. During the year of 2022, we have collected a total of 90,042 procedures (mean age of 66.7 years and 65.9% male) from 614 participant hospitals. Detailed data were shown in Figures and Tables.
Symbiotic and Nonsymbiotic Bacteria Associated With the Entomo‐Pathogenic Nematode, Heterorhabditis spp (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) From South India
Authors: Menon Athira G. , Bhaskar Haseena , Gopal K. Surendra , M Rajkumar , Subramanian Smitha M. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTSixteen isolates of bacteria obtained from the entomopathogenic nematode (Heterorhabditis sp.) infected cadavers of Galleria mellonella larvae were identified following phenotypic characterization and molecular analysis of 16S rRNA. Two isolates were identified as the symbiotic bacterium, Photothabdus luminescens, while 14 other isolates were represented by nine species of nonsymbiotic bacteria viz., Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Alcaligenes aquatilis, Brevundimonas diminuta, Brucella pseudointermedia, Ochrobactrum sp., Brucella pseudogrignonensis, Brucella anthropic, Pseudomonas azatoformans and Pseudomonas lactis. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed the evolutionary relationship between P. luminescens and Pseudomonas spp. The study also found a close relationship among the nonsymbiotic bacteria such as A. aquatilis, B. diminuta, Ochrobactrum sp., and Brucella spp. P. luminescens has been documented for its insecticidal effects against a wide range of insects. The two local isolates obtained in this study may be explored for their biocontrol potential against major pests of the region. Further, the association of nonsymbiotic bacteria with the EPN may be investigated.
Carbon differentials and dual channels: The choice and impact of optimal strategies for manufacturer market encroachment
Authors: Tang Yan , Cheng Yunpei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study discusses the cannibalization strategy of an outside manufacturer. A game‐theoretic model is developed in which manufacturers sell low‐quality products through retailers. The external manufacturer chooses between the retailer channel and the direct sales channel when considering carbon differences. The results show that carbon differentials and direct marketing costs play a key role in the choice of cannibalization strategy. Cannibalization by external manufacturers through retailers is not necessarily harmful to existing manufacturers. An increase in the degree of carbon differentiation leads to a decrease in wholesale and retail prices, while direct pricing by external manufacturers increases.