bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the Binding of Hydroxyindole, Indoleacetic acid, and Morpholinoaniline to the Salmonella Type III Secretion System Proteins SipD and SipB
Authors: McShan Andrew C. , Anbanandam Asokan , Patnaik Sikta , De Guzman Roberto N. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractMany Gram‐negative bacteria require the type III secretion system (T3SS) to cause infectious diseases in humans. A looming public health problem is that all bacterial pathogens that require the T3SS to cause infectious diseases in humans have developed multidrug resistance to current antibiotics. The T3SS is an attractive target for the development of new antibiotics because of its critical role in virulence. An initial step in developing anti‐T3SS‐based therapeutics is the identification of small molecules that can bind to T3SS proteins. Currently, the only small molecules that are known to bind to the Salmonella T3SS proteins SipD and SipB are bile salts (to SipD) and sphingolipids and cholesterol (to SipB). Herein we report the results of a surface plasmon resonance screen of 288 compounds wherein the binding of 4‐morpholinoaniline to SipD, 3‐indoleacetic acid to SipB, and 5‐hydroxyindole to both SipD and SipB were identified. We also identified by NMR the SipD surfaces involved in binding. These three compounds represent a new class of molecules that can bind to T3SS tip (SipD) and translocon (SipB) proteins that could find use in future drug design.
Preliminary estimates of SEER cancer incidence for 2013
Authors: Lewis Denise Riedel , Chen Huann‐Sheng , Cockburn Myles , Wu Xiao‐Cheng , Stroup Antoinette M. , Midthune Douglas N. , Krapcho Martin F. , Miller Daniel G. , Penberthy Lynne , Feuer Eric J. 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDThis article presents a first look at rates and trends for cases in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program diagnosed through 2013 using the February 2015 submission, and a validation of rates and trends from the February 2014 submission using the subsequent November 2014 submission. To the authors' knowledge, this is the second time SEER has published trends based on the early February submission. Three new cancer sites were added: cervix, thyroid, and liver/ intrahepatic bile duct.METHODSA reporting delay model adjusted for the undercount of cases, which is substantially larger for the February than the subsequent November submission, was used. Joinpoint regression methodology was used to assess trends. Delay‐adjusted rates and trends were checked to assess validity between the February and November 2014 submissions.RESULTSThe validation of rates and trends from the February and November 2014 submissions demonstrated even better agreement than the previously reported comparison between the February and November 2013 submissions, thereby affording additional confidence that the delay‐adjusted February submission data can be used to produce valid estimates of incidence trends. Trends for cases diagnosed through 2013 revealed more rapid declines in female colon and rectal cancer and prostate cancer. A plateau in female melanoma trends and a slowing of the increases in thyroid cancer and male liver/intrahepatic bile duct cancer trends were observed.CONCLUSIONSAnalysis of early cancer data submissions can provide a preliminary indication of differences in incidence trends with an additional year of data. Although the delay adjustment correction adjusts for underreporting of cases, caution should be exercised when interpreting the results in this early submission. Cancer 2016;122:1579–87. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Impact of end‐of‐life discussions on the reduction of Latino/non‐Latino disparities in do‐not‐resuscitate order completion
Authors: Shen Megan Johnson , Prigerson Holly G. , Paulk Elizabeth , Trevino Kelly M. , Penedo Frank J. , Tergas Ana I. , Epstein Andrew S. , Neugut Alfred I. , Maciejewski Paul K. 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDCompared with non‐Latino, white patients with advanced cancer, Latino patients with advanced cancer are less likely to sign do‐not‐resuscitate (DNR) orders, which is a form of advance care planning associated with better quality of life at the end of life (EOL). Latinos' completion of DNR orders may be more sensitive to clinical discussions regarding EOL care. The current study examined differences between Latino and white terminally ill patients with cancer with regard to the association between EOL discussions and DNR order completion.METHODSA total of 117 participants with advanced cancer (61 of whom were Latino and 56 of whom were non‐Latino white individuals) were recruited between 2002 and 2008 from Parkland Hospital (a public hospital in Dallas, Texas) as part of the Coping with Cancer study, which is a large, multiinstitutional, prospective cohort study of patients with advanced cancer that is designed to examine social and psychological influences on EOL care. In structured interviews, patients reported if they had EOL discussions with their physicians, and if they completed DNR orders.RESULTSThe association between EOL discussions and DNR order completion was significantly greater in Latino compared with white patients, adjusting for potential confounds (interaction adjusted odds ratio, 6.64; P = .041). Latino patients who had an EOL discussion were >10 times more likely (adjusted odds ratio, 10.91; P = .001) to complete a DNR order than those who had not, and were found to be equally as likely to complete a DNR order as white patients.CONCLUSIONSDifferences in the impact of EOL discussions on DNR order completion may explain Latino/non‐Latino ethnic disparities in DNR order completion in EOL care, and point to a means to eliminate those disparities. Cancer 2016;122:1749‐56. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Detection of human papillomavirus type 16 in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Biron Vincent L. , Kostiuk Morris , Isaac Andre , Puttagunta Lakshmi , O'Connell Daniel A. , Harris Jeffrey , Côté David W. J. , Seikaly Hadi 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDThe incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma caused by oncogenic HPV (HPV‐OPSCC) is rising worldwide. HPV‐OPSCC is commonly diagnosed by RT‐qPCR of HPV‐16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins or by cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, multiple tumor suppressor 1 (p16) immunohistochemistry (IHC). Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) has been recently reported as ultra‐sensitive and highly precise method of nucleic acid quantification for biomarker analysis. We aimed to validate this method for the detection of HPV‐16 E6 and E7 in HPV‐OPSCC.METHODSParticipants were recruited from January 2015‐November 2015 at initial presentation to the University of Alberta Head and Neck Oncology Clinic. RNA was extracted, purified and quantified from prospectively collected participant tissues, and ddPCR was performed with fluorescent probes detecting HPV‐16 E6 and E7. Results from ddPCR were compared with p16 IHC performed by clinical pathology as standard of care.RESULTSHead and neck tissues were prospectively obtained from 68 participants including 29 patients with OPSCC, 29 patients with non‐OPSCC and 10 patients without carcinoma. 79.2% of patients with OPSCC were p16 positive. The sensitivity and specificity of ddPCR HPV E6/E7 compared with p16 IHC in OPSCC was 91.3 and 100%, respectively. The amount of target RNA used was ≤1 ng, 20‐50 times lower than reported by other for RT‐qPCR HPV E6/E7.CONCLUSIONSThe ddPCR of HPV E6/E7 is a novel and highly specific method of detecting HPV‐16 in OPSCC. Cancer 2016;122:1544–51. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Using the galactose‐α‐1,3‐galactose enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay to predict anaphylaxis in response to cetuximab
Authors: Weiss Jared , Grilley Olson Juneko , Deal Allison Mary , Chera Bhishamjit , Weissler Mark , Murphy Barbara A. , Hayes David Neil , Gilbert Jill 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDCetuximab is a monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor with activity against head and neck cancer and colorectal cancer. Anaphylaxis in response to cetuximab is a significant clinical problem in the Southeastern United States with a grade 3/4 infusion reaction rate of 14%. Previous retrospective data have suggested that the presence of preformed immunoglobulin E antibodies against galactose‐α‐1,3‐galactose in serum can predict anaphylaxis in response to cetuximab.METHODSSixty patients were prospectively screened as part of the entry criteria for a phase 2 study of neoadjuvant carboplatin, nab‐paclitaxel, and cetuximab. Patients were recruited at 2 academic medical centers known to have high anaphylaxis rates: the University of North Carolina and Vanderbilt. Only patients with a negative laboratory result were treated on the clinical protocol.RESULTSNo patient experienced anaphylaxis; the negative predictive value was thus 100%. Other than smoking history, the demographics were similar for assay‐positive subjects and assay‐negative subjects.CONCLUSIONSSubjects with a negative test result can be safely treated with cetuximab. Further research is required regarding the optimal cutoff for positivity and the positive predictive value. Cancer 2016;122:1697‐701. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Activity of the oral mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor trametinib in RAS‐mutant relapsed or refractory myeloid malignancies
Authors: Borthakur Gautam , Popplewell Leslie , Boyiadzis Michael , Foran James , Platzbecker Uwe , Vey Norbert , Walter Roland B. , Olin Rebecca , Raza Azra , Giagounidis Aristoteles , Al‐Kali Aref , Jabbour Elias , Kadia Tapan , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Bauman John W. , Wu Yuehui , Liu Yuan , Schramek Dan , Cox Donna S. , Wissel Paul , Kantarjian Hagop 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDRAS/RAF/mitogen‐activated protein kinase activation is common in myeloid malignancies. Trametinib, a mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MEK1)/MEK2 inhibitor with activity against multiple myeloid cell lines at low nanomolar concentrations, was evaluated for safety and clinical activity in patients with relapsed/refractory leukemias.METHODSThis phase 1/2 study accrued patients with any relapsed/refractory leukemia in phase 1. In phase 2, this study accrued patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or high‐risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with NRAS or KRAS mutations (cohort 1); patients with AML, MDS, or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) with a RAS wild‐type mutation or an unknown mutation status (cohort 2); and patients with CMML with an NRAS or KRAS mutation (cohorts 3).RESULTSThe most commonly reported treatment‐related adverse events were diarrhea, rash, nausea, and increased alanine aminotransferase levels. The phase 2 recommended dose for Trametinib was 2 mg orally daily. The overall response rates were 20%, 3%, and 27% for cohorts 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and this indicated preferential activity among RAS‐mutated myeloid malignancies. Repeated cycles of trametinib were well tolerated with manageable or reversible toxicities; these results were similar to those of other trametinib studies.CONCLUSIONSThe selective, single‐agent activity of trametinib against RAS‐mutated myeloid malignancies validates its therapeutic potential. Combination strategies based on a better understanding of the hierarchical role of mutations and signaling in myeloid malignancies are likely to improve the response rate and duration. Cancer 2016;122:1871–9. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
A GABAergic tecto–tegmento–tectal pathway in pigeons
Authors: Stacho Martin , Letzner Sara , Theiss Carsten , Manns Martina , Güntürkün Onur 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTPrevious studies have demonstrated that the optic tecta of the left and right brain halves reciprocally inhibit each other in birds. In mammals, the superior colliculus receives inhibitory γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic input from the basal ganglia via both the ipsilateral and the contralateral substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr). This contralateral SNr projection is important in intertectal inhibition. Because the basal ganglia are evolutionarily conserved, the tectal projections of the SNr may show a similar pattern in birds. Therefore, the SNr could be a relay station in an indirect tecto–tectal pathway constituting the neuronal substrate for the tecto–tectal inhibition. To test this hypothesis, we performed bilateral anterograde and retrograde tectal tracing combined with GABA immunohistochemistry in pigeons. Suprisingly, the SNr has only ipsilateral projections to the optic tectum, and these are non‐GABAergic. Inhibitory GABAergic input to the contralateral optic tectum arises instead from a nearby tegmental region that receives input from the ipsilateral optic tectum. Thus, a disynaptic pathway exists that possibly constitutes the anatomical substrate for the inhibitory tecto–tectal interaction. This pathway likely plays an important role in attentional switches between the laterally placed eyes of birds. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:2886–2913, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Targeted Delivery of Anti‐miR‐712 by VCAM1‐Binding Au Nanospheres for Atherosclerosis Therapy
Authors: Sun Tianmeng , Simmons Rachel , Huo Da , Pang Bo , Zhao Xin , Kim Chan Woo , Jo Hanjoong , Xia Younan 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAtherosclerosis is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the vascular wall, which preferentially develops in regions under disturbed flow (d‐flow). Once inflamed, the endothelial cells initiate a signaling cascade that culminates in the expression of pro‐atherogenic genes such as mRNAs and miRNAs. Here we demonstrate that vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1), which is highly expressed on the surface of endothelial cells under d‐flow, can serve as a marker for the targeted delivery of drug to the inflamed endothelium. We could selectively deliver anti‐miR‐712, an inhibitor of a key pro‐atherogenic miRNA, to VCAM1‐expressing immortalized mouse aortic endothelial cells (iMAECs) by hybridizing the inhibitor with a carrier DNA that has a complementary sequence and is conjugated to the surface of Au nanospheres. Our results suggest that the combination of VCAM1‐binding peptide and Au nanosphere could provide an effective strategy for the selective delivery of anti‐athero‐miRNAs or other drugs into inflamed endothelium for the purpose of inhibiting the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.
Research on social network discovery algorithm in pervasive sensing environment
Authors: Gao Kun , Zhu Yiwei , Gong Songjie , Tan Hengsong , Zhou Guangyu 
Published: March 2016

SummaryConsidering the real social community network partition approach regardless of the directed and weighted characteristic, we propose a novel algorithm in pervasive sensing environment. The proposed SDOR algorithm is based on the definition of nodes optimal route, community likeness index, community discrete degree index and so on parameters to achieve the sensible partition for directed weighted social community network. We conduct some different types of experiments to verify the scalability, accuracy, and validity of the proposed algorithm. The experimental consequences demonstrate that the accuracy of the algorithm is about 90%, higher than existing models about 10%. In addition, the algorithm has good effectiveness and scalability in other different kinds of network. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydrogen Bonding between Metal‐Ion Complexes and Noncoordinated Water: Electrostatic Potentials and Interaction Energies
Authors: Andrić Jelena M. , Misini‐Ignjatović Majda Z. , Murray Jane S. , Politzer Peter , Zarić Snežana D. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe hydrogen bonding of noncoordinated water molecules to each other and to water molecules that are coordinated to metal‐ion complexes has been investigated by means of a search of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) and through quantum chemical calculations. Tetrahedral and octahedral complexes that were both charged and neutral were studied. A general conclusion is that hydrogen bonds between noncoordinated water and coordinated water are much stronger than those between noncoordinated waters, whereas hydrogen bonds of water molecule in tetrahedral complexes are stronger than in octahedral complexes. We examined the possibility of correlating the computed interaction energies with the most positive electrostatic potentials on the interacting hydrogen atoms prior to interaction and obtained very good correlation. This study illustrates the fact that electrostatic potentials computed for ground‐state molecules, prior to interaction, can provide considerable insight into the interactions.
Neutron Scattering of Aromatic and Aliphatic Liquids
Authors: Falkowska Marta , Bowron Daniel T. , Manyar Haresh G. , Hardacre Christopher , Youngs Tristan G. A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractOrganic solvents, such as cyclohexane, cyclohexene, methylcyclohexane, benzene and toluene, are widely used as both reagents and solvents in industrial processes. Despite the ubiquity of these liquids, the local structures that govern the chemical properties have not been studied extensively. Herein, we report neutron diffraction measurements on liquid cyclohexane, cyclohexene, methylcyclohexane, benzene and toluene at 298 K to obtain a detailed description of the local structure in these compounds. The radial distribution functions of the centres of the molecules, as well as the partial distribution functions for the double bond for cyclohexene and methyl group for methylcyclohexane and toluene have been calculated. Additionally, probability density functions and angular radial distribution functions were extracted to provide a full description of the local structure within the chosen liquids. Structural motifs are discussed and compared for all liquids, referring specifically to the functional group and aromaticity present in the different liquids.
Charge‐Transfer Complex of p‐Aminodiphenylamine with Maleic Anhydride: Spectroscopic, Electrochemical, and Physical Properties
Authors: Karaca Erhan , Kaplan Can Hatice , Bozkaya Uğur , Özçiçek Pekmez Nuran 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA new charge‐transfer complex and the amide formed by the interaction between the electron donor of the p‐aminodiphenylamine and the electron acceptor of maleic anhydride are investigated by spectroscopic methods. The amidation reaction is caused by proton and charge transfer between the maleic anhydride and p‐aminodiphenylamine molecules. The Benesi–Hildebrand equation is used to determine the formation constant, the molar extinction coefficient and the standard Gibbs free energy of the complex by using UV/Vis spectroscopy. To reveal the electronic and spectroscopic properties of these molecules, theoretical computations are performed on the structures of maleic anhydride, p‐aminodiphenylamine and the conformers of their charge‐transfer complex. The charge‐transfer complex and amidation reaction mechanism are also confirmed by IR and NMR spectroscopy and HRMS. The nature of the maleic anhydride–p‐aminodiphenylamine complex is characterized by cyclic voltammetry, thermogravimetric analysis, XRD and SEM. Solid microribbons of this complex show higher thermal stability than p‐aminodiphenylamine.
Chalcogenide and Phosphide Solid‐State Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Generation
Authors: You Bo , Sun Yujie 
Published: March 2016

AbstractElectrocatalytic water splitting to produce H2 and O2 by means of efficient, robust, and low‐cost catalysts represents a promising approach for clean H2 production. Recent years have witnessed the rise of transition‐metal chalcogenides and phosphides as competent H2‐evolution electrocatalysts, the activities of which rapidly approach those of platinum‐group benchmarks. This Minireview highlights several representative catalytic systems of chalcogenides and phosphides for electrocatalytic H2 generation and emphasizes in particular the electronic and structural optimization to improve their catalytic performance. The most recent trend in developing bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting is also summarized. Finally, the remaining challenges, emerging opportunities, and future advancement of inexpensive electrocatalysts for H2 generation are further discussed.
Glutathione Bioresponsive Cyclodextrin Nanosponges
Authors: Trotta Francesco , Caldera Fabrizio , Dianzani Chiara , Argenziano Monica , Barrera Giuseppina , Cavalli Roberta 
Published: March 2016

AbstractInvited for this month's cover is Prof. Francesco Trotta′s group from the University of Torino, Italy. The cover picture shows the chemical structure of a glutathione‐responsive β‐cyclodextrin nanosponge, bearing disulfide bridges and loaded with anticancer doxorubicin (red and white pills). Glutathione thiol groups are able to reduce the nanosponge disulfide moieties. The cleavage of the disulfide bridges allows a targeted release of anticancer drugs into glutathione‐rich chemoresistant tumor cells. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.201500531.
Basic characteristics of plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF): blood cell components and biological effects
Authors: Nishiyama Kazuhiko , Okudera Toshimitsu , Watanabe Taisuke , Isobe Kazushige , Suzuki Masashi , Masuki Hideo , Okudera Hajime , Uematsu Kohya , Nakata Koh , Kawase Tomoyuki 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPlatelet‐rich plasma (PRP) is widely used in regenerative medicine because of its high concentrations of various growth factors and platelets. However, the distribution of blood cell components has not been investigated in either PRP or other PRP derivatives. In this study, we focused on plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF), a PRP derivative, and analyzed the distributions of platelets and white blood cells (WBCs). Peripheral blood samples were collected from healthy volunteers (N = 14) and centrifuged to prepare PRGF and PRP. Blood cells were counted using an automated hematology analyzer. The effects of PRP and PRGF preparations on cell proliferation were determined using human periosteal cells. In the PRGF preparations, both red blood cells and WBCs were almost completely eliminated, and platelets were concentrated by 2.84‐fold, whereas in the PRP preparations, both platelets and WBCs were similarly concentrated by 8.79‐ and 5.51‐fold, respectively. Platelet counts in the PRGF preparations were positively correlated with platelet counts in the whole blood samples, while the platelet concentration rate was negatively correlated with red blood cell counts in the whole blood samples. In contrast, platelet counts and concentration rates in the PRP preparations were significantly influenced by WBC counts in whole blood samples. The PRP preparations, but not the PRGF preparations, significantly suppressed cell growth at higher doses in vitro. Therefore, these results suggest that PRGF preparations can clearly be distinguished from PRP preparations by both inclusion of WBCs and dose‐dependent stimulation of periosteal cell proliferation in vitro.
Individual differences in early adolescents’ latent trait cortisol (LTC): Relation to early adversity
Authors: Stroud Catherine B. , Chen Frances R. , Doane Leah D. , Granger Douglas A. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTSubstantial evidence suggests that youth who experience early adversity exhibit alterations in hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis functioning, thereby increasing risk for negative health outcomes. However, few studies have explored whether early adversity alters enduring trait indicators of HPA axis activity. Using objective contextual stress interviews with adolescents and their mothers to assess early adversity, we examined the cumulative impact of nine types of early adversity on early adolescents girls’ latent trait cortisol (LTC). Adolescents (n = 122; M age = 12.39 years) provided salivary cortisol samples three times a day (waking, 30 min post‐waking, and bedtime) over 3 days. Latent state‐trait modeling indicated that the waking and 30 min post‐waking samples contributed to a LTC factor. Moreover, greater early adversity was associated with a lower LTC level. Implications of LTC for future research examining the impact of early adversity on HPA axis functioning are discussed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 58:700–713, 2016.