bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabonomics by proton nuclear magnetic resonance in human pleural effusions: A route to discriminate between benign and malignant pleural effusions and to target small molecules as potential cancer biomarkers
Authors: Zennaro Lucio , Vanzani Paola , Nicolè Lorenzo , Cappellesso Rocco , Fassina Ambrogio 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUNDCytopathology is a noninvasive and cost‐effective method for detecting cancer cells in pleural effusions (PEs), although in many cases, the diagnostic performance is hindered by the paucity of significant cells or the lack of clear morphological criteria. This study presents the results of an omics approach to improving the diagnostic performance of PE cytology.METHODSMetabolic profiling with proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) was performed for 92 PEs (44 malignant cases of 8 different cancers and 48 benign cases of 7 nonneoplastic conditions). Light's criteria were used to further classify PEs as transudates or exudates, and 1H‐NMR spectroscopy was used to differentiate malignant pleural effusions (mPEs) from benign pleural effusions (bPEs).RESULTS1H‐NMR metabolic analysis showed clearly different spectra for mPEs and bPEs in the regions of the signals due to lipids, branched amino acids, and lactate, which were increased in mPEs. Transudates and exudates in bPEs were differentiated as well on the basis of the 1H‐NMR signals from lipids and lipoproteins, which were increased in exudates.CONCLUSIONSSubject to validation in further larger studies, 1H‐NMR metabonomics could be an effective and reliable ancillary tool for PE investigations and diagnoses. Cancer Cytopathol 2017;125:341–348. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Are we ready for citywide learning? Examining the nature of within‐ and between‐program pathways in a community‐wide learning initiative
Authors: Akiva Thomas , Kehoe Stacy , Schunn Christian D. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractLearning and development occur over time across multiple settings both in‐ and out‐of‐school. However, educational programs have not been designed for coordination across settings. Successfully supporting community‐wide youth learning requires greater understanding of how youth may move between settings and the learning pathways available to them. We investigated this topic with data from the adult leaders of 17 programs that participated in a regional summer learning initiative. Respondents tended to conceptualize within‐program pathways (e.g., offering more advanced activities in their organization to current participants) but rarely described actively encouraging youth to move to related programs in other organizations. The results suggest that realization of supportive communities for cross‐program learning and development will require shifts in models of knowledge sharing and program incentive structures.
Application of a full‐scale wood gasification biochar as a soil improver to reduce organic pollutant leaching risks
Authors: Trinh Bao‐Son , Werner David , Reid Brian J 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe application of biochar to sandy loam soil to reduce leaching of three representative pollutants (a persistent hydrocarbon (phenanthrene; logKOW 4.46), a herbicide (isoproturon; logKOW 2.50), and an antibiotic (sulfamethazine; logKOW 0.28)) were investigated. The wood‐derived biochar evaluated in our laboratory study was the solid co‐product of a full‐scale gasifier feeding a combined heat and power plant. The research aimed to demonstrate multiple environmental benefits with the innovative use of this biochar as a soil improver.RESULTSBatch sorption experiments indicated that 5% biochar added to soil enhanced the partitioning coefficient (Kd) by factors of 2 for phenanthrene and 20 for both sulfamethazine and isoproturon. Column leaching experiments indicated a reduced porewater flow rate, up to 80% slower in the column amended with 5% biochar, and reduced pollutant leaching risks. Numerical models interlinked batch and column study observations.CONCLUSION(i) Biochar enhanced sorption for the hydrophobic pollutant phenanthrene, and also the less hydrophobic pollutants sulfamethazine and isoproturon; (ii) reduced porewater flow rates following biochar amendment gave rise to greater opportunity for pollutant–solid interaction; (iii) mixing with soil resulted in biochar fouling affecting pollutant partition; and (iv) irreversible retention of pollutants by the soil was an important mechanism affecting pollutant transport. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Combined anterior‐posterior approach with enlarged sciatic foramen to remove sciatic notch dumbbell‐shaped tumors
Authors: Li Mi , Li Hao , Du Yu , Cai Zhuo , Liao Hui , Guo Fengjing , Chen Anmin , Li Feng , Yang Caihong 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESTo explore a new method for resecting huge sciatic notch dumbbell‐shaped tumors.METHODSPreoperative thin‐slide scanning magnetic resonance images (MRI) and computerized tomography angiography (CTA) scans were conducted. The images were processed to reconstruct a 3‐dimensional (3D) model. The relationship between the tumor and surrounding anatomical structures was accurately identified. By combining an anterior‐posterior approach, about 1.0 × 5.0 cm2 c‐shaped bone around the greater sciatic foramen was removed using piezosurgery osteotomy to enlarge the sciatic notch, after which retroperitoneal dumbbell‐shaped tumors in the four patients were excised.RESULTSTumors in four patients were completely removed. Two patients obtain a total en bloc tumor resection; one patient was clinically determined to be a benign nerve‐sheath tumor which was removed within the sciatic nerve sheath, and one patient had an extremely asymmetric tumor shape. The tumor unexpectedly split at the dumbbell isthmus across the greater sciatic foramen during blunt dissection, while both sections were completely removed.CONCLUSIONSThe combined anterior‐posterior approach with an enlarged sciatic notch is an effective method to remove sciatic notch dumbbell‐shaped tumors. Compared to the reported study, it is a new method probably helpful for selected patients.
Whole-Genome DNA Methylation Analyses Revealed Epigenetic Instability in Tumorigenic Human iPS Cell-Derived Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells
Authors: Iida Tsuyoshi , Iwanami Akio , Sanosaka Tsukasa , Kohyama Jun , Miyoshi Hiroyuki , Nagoshi Narihito , Kashiwagi Rei , Toyama Yoshiaki , Matsumoto Morio , Nakamura Masaya , Okano Hideyuki 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Although human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) derivatives are considered promising cellular resources for regenerative medicine, their tumorigenicity potentially limits their clinical application in hiPSC technologies. We previously demonstrated that oncogenic hiPSC-derived neural stem/progenitor cells (hiPSC-NS/PCs) produced tumor-like tissues that were distinct from teratomas. To gain insight into the mechanisms underlying the regulation of tumorigenicity in hiPSC-NS/PCs, we performed an integrated analysis using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array and the HumanHT-12 v4.0 Expression BeadChip array to compare the comprehensive DNA methylation and gene expression profiles of tumorigenic hiPSC-NS/PCs (253G1-NS/PCs) and non-tumorigenic cells (201B7-NS/PCs). Although the DNA methylation profiles of 253G1-hiPSCs and 201B7-hiPSCs were similar regardless of passage number, the methylation status of the global DNA methylation profiles of 253G1-NS/PCs and 201B7-NS/PCs differed; the genomic regions surrounding the transcriptional start site of the CAT and PSMD5 genes were hypermethylated in 253G1-NS/PCs but not in 201B7-NS/PCs. Interestingly, the aberrant DNA methylation profile was more pronounced in 253G1-NS/PCs that had been passaged more than 15 times. In addition, we identified aberrations in DNA methylation at the RBP1 gene locus; the DNA methylation frequency in RBP1 changed as 253G1-NS/PCs were sequentially passaged. These results indicate that different NS/PC clones have different DNA methylomes and that DNA methylation patterns are unstable as cells are passaged. Therefore, DNA methylation profiles should be included in the criteria used to evaluate the tumorigenicity of hiPSC-NS/PCs in the clinical setting.
Neuraxial Anesthesia and the Use of Sterile Gowning
Authors: Aleman‐Ortega Heidi , Lee Rebecca , Shambo Lyda , Czinn Edward 
Published: January 2017

AbstractEpidural or spinal anesthesia–related infections cause serious and devastating morbidity and mortality. The possible infectious complications of neuraxial anesthesia have become better understood in the past 10 years. We assessed information from published case series, studies, randomized controlled trials, and retrospective cohort studies to determine the rate of neuraxial infection and to evaluate iatrogenic causes of infection. The use of sterile gowning appears to be a factor associated with the decreased infection rates noted in some studies. A review of the literature demonstrated that personnel in interdisciplinary specialties use gowns for invasive procedures to prevent infection, and national and international multidisciplinary health care professionals appear to be increasing their use of sterile gowning to prevent infections. We undertook this literature review to explore the incidence of neuraxial infection, provide additional insight into multidisciplinary standards, and evaluate whether the use of sterile gowns while performing neuraxial anesthesia decreases infection rates.
Guideline Implementation: Hand Hygiene
Authors: Goldberg Judith L. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPerforming proper hand hygiene and surgical hand antisepsis is essential to reducing the rates of health care–associated infections, including surgical site infections. The updated AORN “Guideline for hand hygiene” provides guidance on hand hygiene and surgical hand antisepsis, the wearing of fingernail polish and artificial nails, proper skin care to prevent dermatitis, the wearing of jewelry, hand hygiene product selection, and quality assurance and performance improvement considerations. This article focuses on key points of the guideline to help perioperative personnel make informed decisions about hand hygiene and surgical hand antisepsis. The key points address the necessity of keeping fingernails and skin healthy, not wearing jewelry on the hands or wrists in the perioperative area, properly performing hand hygiene and surgical hand antisepsis, and involving patients and visitors in hand hygiene initiatives. Perioperative RNs should review the complete guideline for additional information and for guidance when writing and updating policies and procedures.
Glutamate and norepinephrine interaction: Relevance to higher cognitive operations and psychopathology
Authors: Abdallah Chadi G. , Averill Lynnette A. , Krystal John H. , Southwick Steven M. , Arnsten Amy F. T. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMather and colleagues present an impressive interdisciplinary model of arousal-induced norepinephrine release and its role in selectively enhancing/inhibiting perception, attention, and memory consolidation. This model will require empirical investigation to test its validity and generalizability beyond classic norepinephrine circuits because it simplifies extremely complex and heterogeneous actions including norepinephrine mechanisms related to higher cognitive circuits and psychopathology.
Beyond perceptual judgment: Categorization and emotion shape what we see
Authors: Most Steven B. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBy limiting their review largely to studies measuring perceptual judgment, Firestone & Scholl (F&S) overstate their case. Evidence from inattentional blindness and emotion-induced blindness suggests that categorization and emotion shape what we perceive in the first place, not just the qualities that we judge them to have. The role of attention in such cases is not easily dismissed as “peripheral.”
Job displacement and social safety net on depressive symptoms in individuals aged 45 years or above: findings from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging
Authors: KIM WOORIM , CHOI YOUNG , LEE TAE-HOON , JANG SUK-YONG , HAN KYU-TAE , PARK EUN-CHEOL 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between the unemployment experience and depressive symptoms among mid-aged (ages 45–59) and elderly (ages 60 or above) persons and to examine further the effects of unemployment insurance, industrial accident compensation insurance (IACI) and national pension on the stated relationship. Data were used from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) between 2006 and 2012. A total of 1,536 individuals employed at the 2006 baseline were followed. The association between employment status change during 2006 to 2008, 2008 to 2010 or 2010 to 2012 and depressive symptoms in years 2008, 2010 or 2012 were analysed using a generalised estimating equation model. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D 10) scale. The results showed that the ‘employed to unemployed’ group had statistically significant increases in depression scores in the mid-aged (β = 0.4884,p= 0.0038) and elderly (β = 0.8275,p⩽ 0.0001) categories, compared to the ‘employed to employed’ group. Findings were maintained in groups without a social safety net. Contrastingly, the ‘employed to unemployed’ groups with unemployment insurance and IACI did not show statistically significant increases in depression scores. The ‘employed to unemployed’ category of individuals enrolled in the national pension system exhibited a lower increase of depression. Therefore, an enhanced focus on the mental health of unemployed individuals is required, in addition to the provision of a reliable social safety net.
Archaea and bacteria mediate the effects of native species root loss on fungi during plant invasion
Authors: Mamet Steven D , Lamb Eric G , Piper Candace L , Winsley Tristrom , Siciliano Steven D 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Although invasive plants can drive ecosystem change, little is known about the directional nature of belowground interactions between invasive plants, native roots, bacteria, archaea and fungi. We used detailed bioinformatics and a recently developed root assay on soils collected in fescue grassland along a gradient of smooth brome (Bromus inermis Leyss) invasion to examine the links between smooth brome shoot litter and root, archaea, bacteria and fungal communities. We examined (1) aboveground versus belowground influences of smooth brome on soil microbial communities, (2) the importance of direct versus microbe-mediated impacts of plants on soil fungal communities, and (3) the web of roots, shoots, archaea, bacteria and fungi interactions across the A and B soil horizons in invaded and non-invaded sites. Archaea and bacteria influenced fungal composition, but not vice versa, as indicated by redundancy analyses. Co-inertia analyses suggested that bacterial–fungal variance was driven primarily by 12 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Brome increased bacterial diversity via smooth brome litter in the A horizon and roots in the B horizon, which then reduced fungal diversity. Archaea increased abundance of several bacterial OTUs, and the key bacterial OTUs mediated changes in the fungi’s response to invasion. Overall, native root diversity loss and bacterial mediation were more important drivers of fungal composition than were the direct effects of increases in smooth brome. Critically, native plant species displacement and root loss appeared to be the most important driver of fungal composition during invasion. This causal web likely gives rise to the plant–fungi feedbacks, which are an essential factor determining plant diversity in invaded grassland ecosystems.
Development of polymer based cryogel matrix for transportation and storage of mammalian cells
Authors: Kumari Jyoti , Kumar Ashok 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe studied the potential of polymeric cryogel matrices such as 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-agarose (HA) and gelatin matrix as a transporting and storage material for mammalian cells. Both the HA and gelatin matrices were found to possess a homogenous distribution of pores as shown by scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images and flow rate of 8 and 5 mL/min, respectively. In the case of HA cryogel, after 5 days of simulated transportation, C2C12 cells kept in cryogel matrix showed higher percentage viability (89%) as compared to 64.5% viability of cells kept in suspension culture. The cells recovered from the HA cryogel were able to proliferate as revealed by the microscopic analysis. In the case of gelatin cryogel, it was shown that C2C12 cells seeded on the cryogel under simulated transportation condition were found to proliferate over the period of 5 days. It was also observed that the cells after simulation can be cryopreserved and the duration of cryopreservation does not affect their viability. Furthermore, gelatin cryogel was used for cryopreservation of HepG2 and HUVEC cells to extend the system for other cell types. These results show the potential of cryogels as efficient, low-cost transporting matrix at room temperature and in cryo-conditions.
Genome-wide Regulatory Roles of the C2H2-type Zinc Finger Protein ZNF764 on the Glucocorticoid Receptor
Authors: Fadda Abeer , Syed Najeeb , Mackeh Rafah , Papadopoulou Anna , Suzuki Shigeru , Jithesh Puthen V. , Kino Tomoshige 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe C2H2-type zinc finger protein ZNF764 acts as an enhancer for several steroid hormone receptors, and haploinsufficiency of this gene may be responsible for tissue resistance to multiple steroid hormones including glucocorticoids observed in a patient with 16p11.2 microdeletion. We examined genome-wide regulatory actions of ZNF764 on the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in HeLa cells as a model system. ZNF764- and GR-binding sites demonstrated similar distribution in various genomic features. They positioned predominantly around 50–500 kbs from the transcription start sites of their nearby genes, and were closely localized with each other, overlapping in ~37% of them. ZNF764 demonstrated differential on/off effects on GR-binding and subsequent mRNA expression: some genes were highly dependent on the presence/absence of ZNF764, but others were not. Pathway analysis revealed that these 3 gene groups were involved in distinct cellular activities. ZNF764 physically interacted with GR at ligand-binding domain through its KRAB domain, and both its physical interaction to GR and zinc finger domain appear to be required for ZNF764 to regulate GR transcriptional activity. Thus, ZNF764 is a cofactor directing GR transcriptional activity toward specific biologic pathways by changing GR binding and transcriptional activity on the glucocorticoid-responsive genes.
Infelicitous talk
Authors: Hutchby Ian 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This article explores how the mediatisation of politics is evolving by analysing the different ways in which three political “gaffes” in recent British politics have been configured by the media environment. The article draws on theories suggesting that contemporary political action is enveloped by media scrutiny and the technological forms of mediation are diversified and hybridised rather than concentrated and uniform. Using case studies, the analysis examines the varying ways in which the broadcast interview can be part of a wider ecology of media technologies that afford an expanding range of discursive strategies for the negative construal of political actions.
Heat-killed cell preparation of Corynebacterium glutamicum stimulates the immune activity and improves survival of mice against enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
Authors: Ebisawa Makoto , Tsukahara Takamitsu , Fudou Ryosuke , Ohta Yasuhiro , Tokura Mitsunori , Onishi Norimasa , Fujieda Takeshi 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Fermentation by Corynebacterium glutamicum is used by various industries to produce L-Glutamate, and the heat-killed cell preparation of this bacterium (HCCG) is a by-product of the fermentation process. In present study, we evaluated the immunostimulating and survival effects against enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (STEC) infection of HCCG. HCCG significantly stimulated in vitro IgA and interleukin-12 p70 production in murine Peyer’s patch cells and peritoneal macrophages, respectively. Oral administration of 10 mg/kg body weight (BW) of HCCG for seven consecutive days stimulated IgA concentration in murine cecal digesta. Mice were orally administered HCCG for 17 consecutive days (d0–d17), and challenged with STEC on d4 to d6. Survival of mice tended to improve by 100 mg/kg BW of HCCG administration compared with those in control group. In conclusion, HCCG supplementation was found to prevent STEC infection in mice, and thus it may have the potential to stimulate the immune status of mammals.
An Appraisal of Composite Forecasting Methods
Authors: Park David W. , Tomek William G. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis paper assesses the potential benefits of composite forecasting methods as applied to commodity prices. Conditions under which composite forecasts are most applicable are examined. A Monte Carlo simulation and empirical examples are used to assess the benefits of composite forecasts and provide guidelines on the selection of appropriate methods. The importance of independent pieces of information and why composites cannot be a cure for poor forecasts under many realistic situations are discussed.
North Dakota Farm and Nonfarm Residents' Views on Financial Assistance Policies
Authors: Leistritz F. Larry , Ekstrom Brenda L. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAssistance to financially stressed farmers and agricultural creditors has become a major agricultural policy issue. Findings reported here suggest that North Dakota nonmetropolitan residents have mixed feelings concerning the appropriateness of such aid. Between 30 and 40 percent of the farm and ranch operators surveyed supported state or federal aid (about one‐fourth were neutral). Business operators were less likely to favor such aid (only 31 percent supported federal aid and 26 percent agreed with aid from the state). Other nonfarm residents and former farmers, on the other hand, were more supportive of assistance programs than farmers. Results of this survey revealed a strong inverse relationship between a farm operator's financial status and his attitude toward financial assistance from the federal or state government. Similar results were observed for the other groups of rural residents; households with lower levels of income and net worth typically were more favorable to assistance programs.
U.S. Money Supply and the Exchange Rate: Long‐Run Effects on the World Feedgrain Market
Authors: Denbaly M.S. Mark , Williams Gary W. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe strength of the linkage between the U.S. money supply and U.S. feedgrain prices and exports over the long run depends on the responsiveness of exchange rates to money supply changes and of feedgrain markets to exchange rate changes. The link between the U.S. money supply and exchange rates is empirically weak. Moreover, U.S. feedgrain prices and exports respond little to exchange rate changes because of a relatively high U.S. export supply price elasticity and a low price responsiveness of highly protected foreign markets. Thus, money supply changes may have only a limited effect on the U.S. feedgrain market.