bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical observation of DNA motion during and immediately after nanopore translocation
Authors: Yamazaki Hirohito , Ito Shintaro , Esashika Keiko , Saiki Toshiharu 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Herein, we report an optical nanopore detection system capable of investigating DNA motion near nanopores not only during translocation but also post-translocation with submillisecond resolution. Using our optical nanopore detection system, we observed the voltage dependence of the dwell time of both 10-kbp double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and lambda DNA in the excitation volume, which can be attributed to the drift-dominated motion. We found that the lambda DNA had slower drift motion than 10-kbp dsDNA, indicating that DNA with longer gyration experiences a lower nonuniform electric force.
Factors associated with extubation time in coronary artery bypass grafting patients
Authors: Rezaianzadeh Abbas , Maghsoudi Behzad , Tabatabaee Hamidreza , Keshavarzi Sareh , Bagheri Zahra , Sajedianfard Javad , Gerami Hamid , Rasouli Javad 
Published: December 2015

Background and Objectives.Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, with coronary artery disease being the most common. With increasing numbers of patients, Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) has become the most common operation in the world. Respiratory disorder is one of the most prevalent complications of CABG. Thus, weaning off the mechanical ventilation and extubation are of great clinical importance for these patients. Some post-operative problems also relate to the tracheal tube and mechanical ventilation. Therefore, an increase in this leads to an increase in the number of complications, length of hospital stay, and treatment costs. Since a large number of factors affect the post-operative period, the present study aims to identify the predictors of extubation time in CABG patients using casualty network analysis.Method.This longitudinal study was conducted on 800 over 18 year old patients who had undergone CABG surgery in three treatment centers affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The patients’ information, including pre-operative, peri-operative, and post-operative variables, was retrospectively extracted from their medical records. Then, the data was comprehensively analyzed through path analysis using MPLUS-7.1 software.Results.The mean of extubation time was 10.27 + 4.39 h. Moreover, extubation time was significantly affected by packed cells during the Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB), packed cells after CPB, inotrope use on arrival at ICU, mean arterial pressure 1st ICU, packed cells 1st ICU, platelets 1st ICU, Blood Urea Nitrogen 1st ICU, and hematocrit 1st ICU.Conclusion.Considering all of the factors under investigation, some peri-operative and post-operative factors had significant effects. Therefore, considering the post-operative factors is important for designing a treatment plan and evaluating patients’ prognosis.
How word-beginnings constrain the pronunciations of word-ends in the reading aloud of English: the phenomena of head- and onset-conditioning
Authors: Ulicheva Anastasia , Coltheart Max 
Published: December 2015

Background.A word whose body is pronounced in different ways in different words is body-inconsistent. When we take the unit that precedes the vowel into account for the calculation of body-consistency, the proportion of English words that are body-inconsistent is considerably reduced at the level of corpus analysis, prompting the question of whether humans actually use such head/onset-conditioning when they read.Methods.Four metrics for head/onset-constrained body-consistency were calculated: by the last grapheme of the head, by the last phoneme of the onset, by place and manner of articulation of the last phoneme of the onset, and by manner of articulation of the last phoneme of the onset. Since these were highly correlated, principal component analysis was performed on them.Results.Two out of four resulting principal components explained significant variance in the reading-aloud reaction times, beyond regularity and body-consistency.Discussion.Humans read head/onset-conditioned words faster than would be predicted based on their body-consistency and regularity only. We conclude that humans are sensitive to the dependency between word-beginnings and word-ends when they read aloud, and that this dependency is phonological in nature, rather than orthographic.
Calm before the Storm: Selected Writings of Itamar Singer on the End of the Late Bronze Age in Anatolia and the Levant; and Pax Hethitica: Studies on the Hittites and Their Neighbours in Honour of Itamar Singer
Authors: Beckman Gary 
Published: December 2015

The Calm before the Storm: Selected Writings of Itamar Singer on the End of the Late Bronze Age in Anatolia and the Levant. By Itamar Singer. Writings from the Ancient World Supplements, vol. 1. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2011. Pp. vii + 766, illus. $69.95 (paper).
Pax Hethitica: Studies on the Hittites and Their Neighbours in Honour of Itamar Singer. Studien zu den Boğazköy-Texten, vol. 51. Edited by Yoram Cohen, Amir Golan, and Jared L. Miller. Wies baden: Harrasowitz Verlag, 2010. Pp. xiv + 439, illus., portrait.
In‐Sensor Touch Analysis for Intent Recognition
Authors: Xu Yijing , Yu Shifan , Liu Lei , Lin Wansheng , Cao Zhicheng , Hu Yu , Duan Jiming , Huang Zijian , Wei Chao , Guo Ziquan , Wu Tingzhu , Chen Zhong , Liao Qingliang , Zheng Yuanjin , Liao Xinqin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTactile intent recognition systems, which are highly desired to satisfy human's needs and humanized services, shall be accurately understanding and identifying human's intent. They generally utilize time‐driven sensor arrays to achieve high spatiotemporal resolution, however, which encounter inevitable challenges of low scalability, huge data volumes, and complex processing. Here, an event‐driven intent recognition touch sensor (IR touch sensor) with in‐sensor computing capability is presented. The merit of event‐driven and in‐sensor computing enables the IR touch sensor to achieve ultrahigh resolution and obtain complete intent information with intrinsic concise data. It achieves critical signal extraction of action trajectories with a rapid response time of 0.4 ms and excellent durability of >10 000 cycles, bringing an important breakthrough of tactile intent recognition. Versatile applications prove the integrated functions of the IR touch sensor for great interactive potential in all‐weather environments regardless of shading, dynamics, darkness, and noise. Unconscious and even hidden action features can be perfectly extracted with the ultrahigh recognition accuracy of 98.4% for intent recognition. The further auxiliary diagnostic test demonstrates the practicability of the IR touch sensor in telemedicine palpation and therapy. This groundbreaking integration of sensing, data reduction, and ultrahigh‐accuracy recognition will propel the leapfrog development for conscious machine intelligence.
Skin‐Inspired High‐Performance E‐Skin With Interlocked Microridges for Intelligent Perception
Authors: Zhang Yajie , Qiu Mingfu , Zhang Xinyu , Zheng Guoqiang , Dai Kun , Liu Chuntai , Shen Changyu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractElectronic skin is increasingly receiving tremendous attention for its potential applications in medical rehabilitation and human‐machine interaction. However, the trade‐off between detection range and sensitivity of e‐skin has not been well addressed, although various strategies have been proposed. Interlocked microridges between the epidermis and dermis can effectively transfer stress to mechanoreceptors, allowing human skin to exhibit excellent sensitivity even upon both subtle and large external stimuli. Herein, inspired by human skin, a novel bionic e‐skin is developed in which interlocked microridges are introduced between the sensitive layer and interdigitated electrode. Thanks to the interlocked microridges, excellent compression capability and remarkable change of contact area between sensitive layer and interdigitated electrode can be achieved and the e‐skin exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity (≈1502.5 kPa−1), excellent durability (10 000 cycles), a short response time (10 ms) as well as a wide detection range (≈160 kPa). Moreover, due to the effective transmission of external stress from a sensitive layer to an interdigitated electrode, such bionic e‐skin has ability to detect a wide range of human vital signs and vibrations caused by sound waves. Such facile preparation of bionic interlocked microridges opens a new pathway to achieve high‐performance e‐skins and extend their application prospects in future wearable intelligent systems.
All‐in‐One Hybrid Solar‐Driven Interfacial Evaporators for Cogeneration of Clean Water and Electricity
Authors: Ebrahimian Mashhadi Mojtaba , Hassan Md. Mehadi , Yang Ruijie , Lu Qingye 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSolar‐driven interfacial evaporators (SDIEs) have recently attracted considerable interest due to their ability to harvest abundant solar energy and treat seawater/wastewater for both freshwater production and electricity generation. However, during photothermal conversion in SDIEs, a portion of the incident sunlight is inevitably wasted, which presents an opportunity for potential alternative applications. There are also other types of harvestable energy like interactions between absorber materials’ surfaces and water/ions—called hydroelectricity (HE), as a form of renewable energy. This review paper provides an overview of studies focusing on utilizing SDIEs with a single structure capable of simultaneously producing freshwater and electricity, referred to as all‐in‐one hybrid SDIEs, with a particular emphasis on the HE power generation mechanism, which is the most commonly applied. An introduction to the photothermal conversion of sunlight into heat and fundamental aspects of the HE effect in hybrid SDIEs are discussed accordingly. The key results from studies on photothermal materials employed in all‐in‐one hybrid SDIEs are then explained and compared. This review will be concluded by spotlighting recent advancements, existing challenges, and promising opportunities that lie ahead for the materials used in these systems.
Accelerating Lithium‐Ion Transfer and Sulfur Conversion via Electrolyte Engineering for Ultra‐Stable All‐Solid‐State Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Li Meng , Huang Zimo , Liang Yuhao , Wu Zhenzhen , Zhang Hui , Chen Hao , Zhang Shanqing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOffering ultrahigh energy density and exceptional safety, all‐solid‐state lithium–sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs) can be one of the most promising energy storage systems if their inherent challenges, including slow Li+ mass transport and insufficient sulfur utilization efficiency, are completely tackled. In this work, an amide‐based electrolyte additive with a high Gutmann donor number is used to construct a deep eutectic system, a “one‐stone‐two‐birds” solution to address these issues. In particular, an acetamide is used to interact with the insulative Li2S via a strong S─H bond and Li─O bond to boost the electrochemical reaction kinetics of lithium‐sulfur (Li─S) chemistry and sulfur utilization and simultaneously form a deep eutectic LiTFSI‐acetamide system to enhance ionic conductivity of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs). Such a seamless integration of this system into the solid‐state LSBs helps deliver a high initial discharge specific capacity of 1012 mAh g−1 at 0.05 C and attain a stable cyclability for 1300 cycles at 0.1 C. This remarkable achievement in high performance and stability can effectively facilitate the commercialization of ASSLSBs.
3D‐Printed Latticed Microneedle Array Patches for Tunable and Versatile Intradermal Delivery
Authors: Rajesh Netra U. , (Luna) Hwang Jihyun , Xu Yue , Saccone Max A. , Hung Andy H. , Hernandez Rosa A.S. , Coates Ian A. , Driskill Madison M. , Dulay Maria T. , Jacobson Gunilla B. , Tian Shaomin , Perry Jillian L. , DeSimone Joseph M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUsing high‐resolution 3D printing, a novel class of microneedle array patches (MAPs) is introduced, called latticed MAPs (L‐MAPs). Unlike most MAPs which are composed of either solid structures or hollow needles, L‐MAPs incorporate tapered struts that form hollow cells capable of trapping liquid droplets. The lattice structures can also be coated with traditional viscous coating formulations, enabling both liquid‐ and solid‐state cargo delivery, on a single patch. Here, a library of 43 L‐MAP designs is generated and in‐silico modeling is used to down‐select optimal geometries for further characterization. Compared to traditionally molded and solid‐coated MAPs, L‐MAPs can load more cargo with fewer needles per patch, enhancing cargo loading and drug delivery capabilities. Further, L‐MAP cargo release kinetics into the skin can be tuned based on formulation and needle geometry. In this work, the utility of L‐MAPs as a platform is demonstrated for the delivery of small molecules, mRNA lipid nanoparticles, and solid‐state ovalbumin protein. In addition, the production of programmable L‐MAPs is demonstrated with tunable cargo release profiles, enabled by combining needle geometries on a single patch.
Precisely Tunable Instantaneous Carbon Rearrangement Enables Low‐Working‐Potential Hard Carbon Toward Sodium‐Ion Batteries with Enhanced Energy Density
Authors: Liu Junjie , You Yiwei , Huang Ling , Zheng Qizheng , Sun Zhefei , Fang Kai , Sha Liyuan , Liu Miao , Zhan Xiao , Zhao Jinbao , Han Ye‐Chuang , Zhang Qiaobao , Chen Yanan , Wu Shunqing , Zhang Li 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs the preferred anode material for sodium‐ion batteries, hard carbon (HC) confronts significant obstacles in providing a long and dominant low‐voltage plateau to boost the output energy density of full batteries. The critical challenge lies in precisely enhancing the local graphitization degree to minimize Na+ ad‐/chemisorption, while effectively controlling the growth of internal closed nanopores to maximize Na+ filling. Unfortunately, traditional high‐temperature preparation methods struggle to achieve both objectives simultaneously. Herein, a transient sintering‐involved kinetically‐controlled synthesis strategy is proposed that enables the creation of metastable HCs with precisely tunable carbon phases and low discharge/charge voltage plateaus. By optimizing the temperature and width of thermal pulses, the high‐throughput screened HCs are characterized by short‐range ordered graphitic micro‐domains that possess accurate crystallite width and height, as well as appropriately‐sized closed nanopores. This advancement realizes HC anodes with significantly prolonged low‐voltage plateaus below 0.1 V, with the best sample exhibiting a high plateau capacity of up to 325 mAh g−1. The energy density of the HC||Na3V2(PO4)3 full battery can therefore be increased by 20.7%. Machine learning study explicitly unveils the “carbon phase evolution−electrochemistry” relationship. This work promises disruptive changes to the synthesis, optimization, and commercialization of HC anodes for high‐energy‐density sodium‐ion batteries.
Carbon‐Based Biosensor in Point of Care Setting
Authors: Jin Jiaqi , Guo Jiuchuan , Guo Jinhong , Li Diangeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn medical diagnosis, detecting disease biomarkers at ultra‐low concentrations is vital. Point‐of‐care (POC) diagnostics require rapid detection, live monitoring, high sensitivity, low detection threshold, and cost‐effectiveness. Carbon‐based nanomaterials (CBNs) are promising due to their large surface‐to‐volume ratio, conductivity, biocompatibility, and stability, making them ideal for biosensors. Recent advancements in CBN applications, including biosensing, drug delivery, and cancer therapy, highlight their potential in enhancing detection sensitivity and specificity. Electrochemical sensors and biosensor platforms using carbon nanocomposites are pivotal in diagnostics. This review explores the current state and future challenges of CBN integration in POC settings, envisioning a transformative impact on healthcare diagnostics and therapeutics.
Enhanced Anticancer Effects of Intratumorally Injected Electrostatic Doxorubicin‐Loaded Click‐Type Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel
Authors: Ju Hyeon Jin , Kim Min Ju , Kim Shina , Son Kyung Eun , Lee Min Young , Kim Han Su , Kim Moon Suk 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInjectable depots have received increasing notoriety as local drug delivery vehicles for tumor treatment. Here, an intratumoral formulation of doxorubicin (Dox) is proposed that relies on the electrostatic interaction between the carboxylic group of click‐type crosslinked hyaluronic acid (Cx‐HA) and cationic Dox to achieve effective tumor treatment. The Dox‐loaded click‐type crosslinked HA (Cx‐HA‐Dox) formulation exhibits adequate injectability for intratumoral injection and rapidly forms a depot at the tumor site, remaining inside the tumor for over 18 days. This enhances the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of Dox primarily within the tumor, minimizing off‐target side effects. Intratumoral injection of Cx‐HA‐Dox in animal models significantly suppresses tumor growth, as evidenced by a decrease in tumor volume over time. Histological analysis reveals limited angiogenesis in the treated tumors and an increase in the number of large apoptotic cells. Overall, the findings suggest that the electrostatically crosslinked Cx‐HA‐Dox depot can synergistically enhance the anticancer activity of Dox.
Unraveling Abnormal Thermal Quenching of Sub‐Gap Emission in β‐Ga2O3
Authors: Wang Zhengpeng , Tang Fei , Ren Fang‐Fang , Liang Hongwei , Cui Xiangyuan , Xu Shijie , Gu Shulin , Zhang Rong , Zheng Youdou , Ye Jiandong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this work, the optical transition of self‐trapped excitons (STEs) and the emergent green emission in β‐Ga2O3 samples with/without Sn impurities at various doping levels have been investigated via temperature‐ and power‐dependent photoluminescence. The ultraviolet (UV) emissions ≈ 3.40 eV unanimously exhibit an excitonic nature related to STEs and typical negative thermal quenching (NTQ) characters. The NTQ activation energy decreases from 103.56 to 42.37 meV with the increased electron concentration from 2.1 × 1016 to 6.7 × 1018 cm−3, indicative of the reduced energy barrier that electrons should overcome to form stable STEs due to the lift‐up of Fermi level. In comparison, the green emissions ≈ 2.35 eV with two quenching channels are observed only in samples with Sn impurities at cryogenic temperatures. One channel is the nsnp‐ns2 transition of Sn2+, the other is donor‐acceptor pair recombination via (2VGa‐Sni)2− complex, which is energetically favorable as evidenced by density functional theory calculations. The semi‐classical quantum theory models fitting proves the transition from green to UV emissions with elevated temperature. The enhanced STEs emission with distinguished NTQ effect strengthens evidence that the stable polarons inherently limit the transport of holes in Ga2O3, and also support the potential of Ga2O3 materials for the development of UV optoelectronics.
Columnar Macrocyclic Molecule Tailored Grain Cage to Stabilize Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells with Suppressed Halide Segregation
Authors: Liu Naimin , Duan Jialong , Li Hui , Ma Linzheng , Wang Bo , Li Jiabao , Duan Xingxing , Guo Qiyao , Dou Jie , Geng Shengwei , Liu Ya , Zhang Chenlong , Liu Yueji , He Benlin , Yang Xiya , Tang Qunwei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSolidifying the soft lattice of all‐inorganic mixed‐halide perovskites is of great importance to restrain the notorious halide segregation under persistent light illumination. Herein, a multifunctional columnar macrocyclic molecule additive, namely cucurbituril into perovskite precursor to enhance the crystallization and reduce the defect density in the final perovskite film is introduced. Based on the theoretical calculation and simulation, the cucurbituril molecule with a strong double‐ended negatively‐charged cavity surrounded by terminated oxygen atoms not only coordinates with dangling Pb2+ ions to form host‐guest complexation but also induces an electric dipole field at perovskite grain boundary to effectively repel the iodide ion migration from the inside grain to the defective boundary, significantly suppressing the halide segregation and improving the device performance. As a result, the carbon‐based, all‐inorganic CsPbI2Br solar cell achieves an enhanced efficiency of 15.59% with great tolerance to environmental stresses. These findings provide new insights into the development of a novel passivation strategy with macrocyclic molecules for making high‐efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells.
Revealing Real Active Sites in Intricate Grain Boundaries Assemblies on Electroreduction of CO2 to C2+ Products
Authors: Wang Lei , Yao Xue , Fruehwald Holly , Akhmetzyanov Dmitry , Hanson Mathew , Chen Ning , Smith Rodney , Singh Chandra Veer , Tan Zhongchao , Wu Yimin A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAlthough intricate structural assemblies contribute to enhancing the activity of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (ECR) to C2+ products, blindly coupling multiple design strategies may not yield the expected results, and even inhibit the activity of intrinsic catalytic sites. Therefore, elucidating the promoting or inhibitory effects of each design strategy on the CO2‐to‐C2+ conversion to clarify the real active sites and dynamic oxidation processes is of paramount importance. Here, commonly used grain boundaries (GBs), oxidation states, and alloying strategies are focused on, constructing four different types of catalysts structures: original Cu GBs, oxygen‐enriched grain boundary oxidation (GBO), Ag‐enriched GBO, and Cu/Ag GBs. Multiple operando characterizations reveal that GBs and GBO strengthen the resistance of the oxidative Cu species to the electrochemical reduction. The in situ generated strongly oxidative hydroxyl radicals alter the local reaction environment on the catalyst surface, inducing and stabilizing oxidative Cuδ+ species. Catalytic activity comparisons indicate that the oxidation state of Cu plays a decisive role in the CO2‐to‐C2+ conversion, and the nanoalloy effect tends to favor the CH4 production in intricate GBs assemblies. Theoretical calculations suggest that weak CO adsorption on GBO structures facilitates hydrogenation, promoting C–C coupling toward C2+ products.