bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α messenger RNA expression in malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis
Authors: Dalmia Amit , Hazarey Vinay , Talkal Reshma , Ganvir Sindhu , Purohit Hemant J , Gupta Shweta , Pimpale Aditee 
Published: August 2016

Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is an oral potentially malignant disorder depicting extensive fibrosis of the submucosa affecting most parts of the oral cavity, including pharynx and upper third of the oesophagus. Despite its high potentially malignant nature, transformation of the epithelium towards malignancy in the background of fibrosis has not been studied extensively till date. Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a master transcription factor that is induced by hypoxia and has found to be significantly associated with both fibrosis and malignancy. Aim: To test the hypothesis of differential expression of HIF-1α in malignant transformation of OSF. Materials and methods: Fifteen samples each of Normal Mucosa (NOM), OSF and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) making total of 45 tissues were studied by formalin fixed Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E)-stained sections and frozen fixed for Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). The relationship between differential HIF-1α messenger RNA expression level and oral epithelial dysplasia, inter incisal opening and grade of OSCC was studied. Conclusions: An upregulation of HIF-1α expression level is positively correlated with oral carcinogenesis and grade of OSCC, whereas downregulation is associated with fibrosis. Hence, it can be used as both diagnostic as well as a prognostic marker.
Can use of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction reduce radiation dose in unenhanced head CT? An analysis of qualitative and quantitative image quality
Authors: Østerås Bjørn Helge , Heggen Kristin Livelten , Pedersen Hans Kristian , Andersen Hilde Kjernlie , Martinsen Anne Catrine T 
Published: August 2016

Background Iterative reconstruction can reduce image noise and thereby facilitate dose reduction. Purpose To evaluate qualitative and quantitative image quality for full dose and dose reduced head computed tomography (CT) protocols reconstructed using filtered back projection (FBP) and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR). Material and Methods Fourteen patients undergoing follow-up head CT were included. All patients underwent full dose (FD) exam and subsequent 15% dose reduced (DR) exam, reconstructed using FBP and 30% ASIR. Qualitative image quality was assessed using visual grading characteristics. Quantitative image quality was assessed using ROI measurements in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), white matter, peripheral and central gray matter. Additionally, quantitative image quality was measured in Catphan and vendor’s water phantom. Results There was no significant difference in qualitative image quality between FD FBP and DR ASIR. Comparing same scan FBP versus ASIR, a noise reduction of 28.6% in CSF and between −3.7 and 3.5% in brain parenchyma was observed. Comparing FD FBP versus DR ASIR, a noise reduction of 25.7% in CSF, and −7.5 and 6.3% in brain parenchyma was observed. Image contrast increased in ASIR reconstructions. Contrast-to-noise ratio was improved in DR ASIR compared to FD FBP. In phantoms, noise reduction was in the range of 3 to 28% with image content. Conclusion There was no significant difference in qualitative image quality between full dose FBP and dose reduced ASIR. CNR improved in DR ASIR compared to FD FBP mostly due to increased contrast, not reduced noise. Therefore, we recommend using caution if reducing dose and applying ASIR to maintain image quality.
Novel paradigm for immunotherapy of breast cancer by engaging prophylactic immunity against hepatitis B
Authors: Malecki Marek , Sabo Chelsea , Foorohar Afsoon , Tombokan Xenia 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundImmunotherapy of patients suffering from the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 overexpressing (HER‐2+) breast cancers with the anti‐HER‐2 antibodies results in increase of the patients’ overall survival. However, no prophylactic vaccine is available against HER‐2+ breast cancers. Although, prophylactic vaccine for human hepatitis B virus (HBV) is very effective.Specific aimThe specific aim of this work was to design, synthesize, and test bio‐molecules which would engage prophylactic immunity against hepatitis B virus towards killing breast cancers cells.Methods and ResultsBy biomolecular engineering, we have created a novel family of biomolecules: antibody (anti‐HER‐2) × vaccine (HBsAg) engineered constructs (AVEC: anti‐HER‐2 × HBsAg). These biomolecules were utilized for redirecting, accelerating, and amplifying of the vaccination‐induced, prophylactic immunity originally targeted against HBV as therapeutic immunity, newly targeted against HER‐2+ breast cancers. Treatment of the HER‐2+ breast cancer cells with AVEC: anti‐HER‐2 × HBsAg in blood of the patients, vaccinated with HBsAg, rapidly increased efficacy of killing of HER‐2+ breast cancer cells over that attained with the naked anti‐HER‐2 antibodies.ConclusionNovel antibody‐vaccine engineered constructs (AVEC) facilitate redirecting, accelerating, and amplifying of prophylactic, HBV vaccination‐induced immunity as immunotherapy (RAAVIIT) of HER‐2+ breast cancer. We currently streamline this novel therapeutic paradigm into clinical trials of breast and other cancers.
In an open publishing house not so far, far away…
Authors: Kaufman Kenneth R. , Malhi Gin S. , Baxter Amanda , Bhui Kamaldeep 
Published: August 2016

SummaryAs BJPsych Open completes its first circle around the sun and marks its first anniversary, we share with you its strengths and advantages that underpin its success as a new journal. First and foremost, the editorial team has maintained rigorous scientific standards while pursuing an open access publishing model that, by design, accommodates a broad range of clinical and scientific topics. Fundamental to BJPsych Open's mission has been our policy of accepting papers that are both methodologically sound and intellectually stimulating. The calibre of the journal has already been recognised, with recent notification of indexing all its content in PubMed Central. This reflects the quality of submissions and is the result of concerted efforts by the authors, the editorial board, the many selfless reviewers and our dedicated staff in the journal office. We urge you to join us on this exciting journey and look to your input as authors, readers and reviewers to help shape this fledgling enterprise, destined to become a force to be reckoned with.
Adaptive Building Blocks Consisting of Rigid Triangular Core and Flexible Alkoxy Chains for Self-Assembly at Liquid/Solid Interfaces
Authors: Tobe Yoshito , Tahara Kazukuni , De Feyter Steven 
Published: August 2016

AbstractSupramolecular self-assembly in two-dimensional (2D) spaces on solid surfaces is the subject of intense current interest because of perspectives for various applications in nanoscience and nanotechnology. At the liquid/graphite interface, we found by means of scanning tunneling microscopy molecules with a rigid triangular core, a twelve-membered phenylene-ethynylene macrocycle called dehydrobenzo[12]annulene (DBA), substituted by six flexible alkoxy chains self-assembled to form hexagonal porous 2D molecular networks via van der Waals interactions between interdigitated alkyl chains as the directional intermolecular linkages. Factors that affect the formation of the porous 2D molecular networks including alkyl chain length, solvent, solute concentration, and temperature were elucidated through a systematic study. Because DBA molecules are versatile for chemical modification, they turned out to be highly adaptive for on-surface supramolecular chemistry with respect to (i) pore size control by changing the chain length, (ii) study of parity effect due to even or odd number chains, (iii) generation of supramolecular chirality on surfaces by introducing stereocenters, (iv) chemical modification of the pore interior for selective co-adsorption of guest molecules by introducing functional groups. Additionally, formation of superlattice structures on surfaces was incidentally observed by mixing DBAs of different alkoxy chain parity or by addition of guest molecules via an induced-fit mechanism. These results made significant contribution to advancement of supramolecular chemistry in 2D space.
Closed-Loop Supply Chain Network Design Under Demand and Return Uncertainty
Authors: Üster Halit , Hwang Sung Ook 
Published: August 2016

This study considers an integrated closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) network design problem under uncertainty with regard to product demand and return quantities. To incorporate uncertainty in decision making, we formulate a two-stage stochastic mixed integer linear programming model to determine the optimal locations of (re)manufacturing and processing facilities along with their capacity levels and forward and reverse product flows in the CLSC network to minimize total design and expected operation costs. For the solution of the model and its analysis, we develop a Benders Decomposition approach enhanced for computational efficiency using induced constraints, strengthened Benders cuts, and multiple Benders cuts as well as mean-value scenario based lower-bounding inequalities obtained by dual subproblem disaggregation. Computational results illustrate that the enhancements provide substantial improvements in terms of solution times and quality. Using our model and the solution approach in a sample average approximation framework, we provide further analysis of network designs based on inspection location and recovery rates. Although product inspection at retailer or collection center locations generally reduce costs by avoiding unnecessary use of resources, our analysis also indicates that parameters such as product type and reason-for-return, expected recovery rates, inspection costs, and transportation costs can be instrumental in deciding where the return product inspection should take place and, in turn, dictating the overall cost as well as the structure of the CLSC network.
Spatial distribution of eggs and larvae of Engraulis anchoita (Hubbs & Marini, 1935) in the southern brazilian shelf
Authors: Torquato Felipe , Henrique Muelbert José 
Published: August 2016

This paper describes the horizontal distribution patterns of eggs and larvae of the anchovy, Engraulis anchoita, at two distinct oceanographic regions in the Southern Brazilian Shelf (SBS). Santa Marta Cape (SMC; 28°30’) is characterized by upwelling, while Albardão (33º) is influenced by Plata Plume Waters (PPW) and the Subtropical Shelf Front (SSF). Ichthyoplankton was sampled during winter 2005 and summer 2007 in SMC and Albardão during darkness and daytime with a Multinet. Three 330μm mesh-nets results were combined to express the horizontal distribution of anchovy early stages. Maps of salinity, temperature, fish eggs and larvae were made to evaluate spatial distributional patterns. Temperature-Salinity-Icthyoplankton (TSI) diagrams were used to infer fish larvae distribution with respect to water mass composition. Mean larvae and eggs abundance during winter was greater than summer, and SMC had higher ichthyoplankton abundance than Albardão. In both seasons the largest concentration of anchovy eggs and larvae were found in coastal areas with low salinity. Eggs and larvae were usually present in cold waters during winter and summer. According TSI diagrams, PPW was found in both regions and was positively associated with ichthyoplankton abundance.
Management of Temporo-Mandibular Disorders in children and adolescents: A literature review
Authors: Rosales ME Miguel , Garrocho DC José , Ruiz MC María , Márquez MC Raúl , Pozos DC Amaury 
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this review is to provide the fundamental information for the early diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in children and adolescents, taking in account that the general trend among Dentists is to believe that these kind of disorders do not occur in the pediatric patient, or that they are present very rarely. However, this is not true; therefore, it is mandatory that, during the comprehensive clinical exam of the pediatric patient, a meticulous evaluation of the developing temporomandibular joint is included. The present paper pretends to serve as encourage interested to general and specialist Dentists on this important issue, and capable to advise, guide or treat their own patients, particularly young children; these patients cannot often communicate sufficiently their symptoms, because of their immaturity. Thus, only through a full exam, temporomandibular disturbances can be properly assessed, diagnosed and treated.
The Development of the Cleft Aesthetic Rating Scale: A New Rating Scale for the Assessment of Nasolabial Appearance in Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients
Authors: Mosmuller David G.M. , Mennes Lisette M. , Prahl Charlotte , Kramer Gem J.C. , Disse Melissa A. , Van Couwelaar Gijs M. , Frank B. Niessen , Don Griot J.P.W. 
Published: August 2016

Objective: The development of the Cleft Aesthetic Rating Scale, a simple and reliable photographic reference scale for the assessment of nasolabial appearance in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate patients. Design: A blind retrospective analysis of photographs of cleft lip and palate patients was performed with this new rating scale. Setting: VU Medical Center Amsterdam and the Academic Center for Dentistry of Amsterdam. Patients: Complete unilateral cleft lip and palate patients at the age of 6 years. Main Outcome Measures: Photographs that showed the highest interobserver agreement in earlier assessments were selected for the photographic reference scale. Rules were attached to the rating scale to provide a guideline for the assessment and improve interobserver reliability. Cropped photographs revealing only the nasolabial area were assessed by six observers using this new Cleft Aesthetic Rating Scale in two different sessions. Results: Photographs of 62 children (6 years of age, 44 boys and 18 girls) were assessed. The interobserver reliability for the nose and lip together was 0.62, obtained with the intraclass correlation coefficient. To measure the internal consistency, a Cronbach alpha of .91 was calculated. The estimated reliability for three observers was .84, obtained with the Spearman Brown formula. Conclusion: A new, easy to use, and reliable scoring system with a photographic reference scale is presented in this study.
English Medium or No English Medium: Parental Perspectives from Pakistan
Authors: Channa Khalid Hussain , Memon Shumaila , Bughio Faraz Ali 
Published: August 2016

Medium of instruction plays vital role in the education of children. Being major beneficiary or sufferer, parents’ role is integral as one of the major stakeholders in the education policy of Pakistan. This research is aimed to present an analysis of parental perceptions regarding medium of instruction for the education of their children. The present research draws closely on Woolard Schieffelin & Kroskrity’s Language Ideology Model (1998) for understanding perceptions of parents for English as a medium of instruction. The researchers conducted 12 semi structured interviews from parents of Hyderabad city by using Maximum Variation Sampling (Seidman, 1998). These interviews were analyzed using Constant Comparative Method (Lincoln &Guba, 1985). The findings of the study suggest that Pakistan is a multilingual state and the parents’ preferences of the language they want to be used in their children’s schools are not uniform. Therefore, government should involve parents at grass root level while making education policy for effective outcomes.
O DESAFIO DA ACESSIBILIDADE: UM CASO DE PESQUISA-AÇÃO NO CURSO DE PEDAGOGIA A DISTÂNCIA DO CONSÓRCIO CEDERJ/UERJ
Authors: Costa Alice Maria Reis 
Published: August 2016

Este artigo apresenta propostas de mediação pedagógica a partir da tutoria presencial realizada na disciplina Informática na Educação da graduação em Pedagogia, visando à inclusão de pessoas com necessidades educacionais especiais (NEE) no contexto da Fundação Cecierj.
GESTÃO DA AVALIAÇÃO DE APRENDIZAGEM: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE O CURSO DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO DO CEDERJ - POLO DE ITAPERUNA
Authors: Azevedo Filho Edson Terra , Marins Cristiano Souza , Lira Rodrigo Anido 
Published: August 2016

A proposta deste trabalho foi investigar o modelo de gestão da avaliação da aprendizagem adotado pelo Consórcio Centro de Educação Superior a Distância do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - CEDERJ, visando verificar se atende aos preceitos norteadores estabelecidos pelo Ministério da Educação, por meio dos Referenciais de Qualidade para Educação Superior a Distância. Para o atendimento desse objetivo, utilizou-se como metodologia, inicialmente, a revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema corrente. Posteriormente foram realizadas entrevistas com tutores presenciais e com o coordenador do curso de Administração do CEDERJ do Polo de Itaperuna, visando analisar as práticas da instituição em relação à gestão da avaliação da aprendizagem. A partir da coleta de dados foi utilizado o método de análise de conteúdo, de modo a verificar a aderência do modelo estudado ao referencial teórico. A partir da análise dos resultados da pesquisa, à luz da metodologia adotada, pôde-se constatar que o modelo estudado efetivamente se enquadra nas diretrizes adotadas como referencial. Apesar disso, visando contribuir com a melhora constante dos aspectos relacionados à Educação a Distância (EaD), este trabalho sugere algumas adequações para tornar o modelo em questão ainda mais eficiente. Palavras-chave: Educação a distância (EaD). Gestão da avaliação da aprendizagem. CEDERJ. Ensino de Administração.
Calidad fisiológica de semillas y variabilidad entre plantas en una población de arroz
Authors: Schuch Luis Osmar Braga , Kohls Igor , Almeida Andreia da Silva , Deuner Cristiane , Cavalcante Jerffeson Araujo 
Published: August 2016

<p>La calidad fisiológica de la semilla podría afectar el rendimiento de granos de arroz. Las diferencias en la calidad fisiológica de las semillas pueden causar la reducción y desuniformidad de la emergencia en el campo, acarreando una diferencia en el crecimiento inicial de las plantas, y consecuentemente afectando el cultivo y su rendimiento. Se realizo un experimento con el objetivo de evaluar la distribución espacial y la variabilidad en la población entre las plantas de arroz, en función de la calidad fisiológica de las semillas. Fueron utilizados nueve lotes de semillas de la cultivar BR-IRGA 410, siendo tres de alta, tres de media y tres de baja calidad fisiológica. Cada bloque consistió de nueve líneas de 5,5 metros de longitud, separadas por 0,12 metros. Se evaluó el número de fallas consecutivas y la variabilidad entre las plantas a través del coeficiente de variación de la altura de plantas y de la materia seca. El uso de las semillas con baja calidad fisiológica proporcionó mayor desuniformidad en la distribución espacial de la planta en el campo, y una mayor variabilidad entre las plantas que componen la población, lo que puede proporcionar un aumento en la competencia intra-especifica.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Seeds physiological quality and variability among plants in populations of rice</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Several authors try to relate the physiological quality of seeds with grain yield of rice. Differences in the physiological quality of seeds can cause reduction and uniformity of emergence in the field, leading to differential on early seedling growth, and consequently affecting the culture and your yield. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the spatial distribution and variability in populations of rice plants, depending on the physiological quality of seeds. Were used nine seed lots of cultivar BR-IRGA 410, three lots of high, three lots of medium and three lots of low physiological quality. Each block was composed of nine lines of 5.5 meters in length, spaced 0.12 meters. We evaluated the number of consecutive failures in emergence, and plant variability through the coefficient of variation of plant height and dry matter. The use of seed with low physiological quality provides increased uniformity in the spatial distribution of plants in the field, and greater variability from plants comprising the population, which can provide an increase in intra-specific competition.</p><p> </p>
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHA PENANGKAPAN IKAN LAUT MENGGUNAKAN ALAT TANGKAP GILL NET DI DESA TABANIO KECAMATAN TAKISUNG KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT ((THE INCOME ANALYSIS OF FISHERY EFFORT WITH GILL NET IN TABANIO VILLAGE, TAKISUNG DISTRICT, TANAH LAUT REGENCY)
Authors: Hasriani Yarna , Sri Mahreda Emmy , Febrianty Irma 
Published: August 2016

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keuntungan usaha nelayan <em>gill net</em> setelah dikurangi bagian hasil untuk buruh nelayan; dan menganalisis kelayakan usaha penangkapan ikan di laut dengan menggunakan alat tangkap <em>gill net</em>. Kegiatan penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Tabanio, Kecamatan Takisung, Kabupaten Tanah Laut, sebagai desa nelayan di Kabupaten Tanah Laut yang masyarakatnya dominan menggunakan alat tangkap <em>gill net</em>. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data <em>cross section</em> yang bersumber langsung dari nelayan pemilik kapal/alat tangkap <em>gill net</em>, melalui teknik wawancara terstruktur (menggunakan kuesioner).</p><p>Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keuntungan yang diperoleh nelayan pemilik kapal dari usaha penangkapan ikan dengan <em>gill net</em> di Desa Tabanio adalah rata-rata sebesar Rp.7.634.223 per trip atau per bulan. Usaha penangkapan ikan dengan <em>gill net</em> di Desa Tabanio menguntungkan dan layak untuk diusahakan, karena nilai <em>NPV</em> yang positip sebesar Rp.61.550.000, dengan nilai <em>Net BCR </em>lebih dari satu<em> </em>(1,38) dan <em>IRR</em> lebih dari<em> </em>suku bunga yang didiskonto (27% &gt; 14%), serta <em>payback period</em> yang lebih cepat dari periode proyeksi selama lima tahun (2,96 tahun).</p><p><em>This study</em><em> aims to determine the business benefits gill net fishing net of proceeds for fishing laborers and analyze their feasibility in the sea fishing using gill net gear. The research activities conducted in the Village Tabanio, Takisung District, of Tanah Laut, a fishing village in the district of Tanah Laut where people predominantly use gill net gear. The data collected is cross section data are sourced directly from the fishing vessel owner/gill net gear, through a structured interview technique (using questionnaires).</em></p><p><em>The results showed that</em><em> the benefits of fishing vessel owners fishing effort by gill nets in the village Tabanio is an average of Rp.7.634.223 per trip or per month. Fishing effort by gill nets in the village Tabanio profitable and worth the effort, because the value of Rp.61.550.000 positive NPV, the net value of BCR is more than one (1.38) and IRR over a discounted rate (27% &gt; 14%), and the payback period is faster than the projected five-year period (2.96 years).</em></p>