bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contemporary endovascular treatment of type B aortic dissection in China
Authors: Li Hailei , Chan Yiu-Che , Cheng Stephen W 
Published: June 2016

ObjectiveEndovascular stent-grafts have been used in China to treat type B aortic dissection since 1999, and there is a plethora of cohort studies in the contemporary literature. The aim of this review was to analyse the published results of endovascular treatment for type B aortic dissection in China.MethodA systematic literature review of all published literature from January 1999 to October 2014 on endovascular treatment of type B aortic dissection in China was undertaken using PubMed, Medline, and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases.ResultsSeventy papers were retrieved (4 English, 66 Chinese) with a total of 4208 patients; 3396 (80.7%) were male, and the mean age ranged from 43 to 65 years. Procedural success was reported in 99.4% ± 1.7%. Complications were reported in 14.6% ± 11.1%, with major complications in 1.7% ± 2.9%, and the most devastating neurologic complications in 1.1% ± 2.2% (stroke 0.9% ± 2.4%, paraplegia 1.5% ± 0.7%). Postoperative endoleak occurred in 8.1% ± 7.6%. The 30-day postoperative mortality was 2.4% ± 3.3%. During follow-up, false-lumen thrombosis occurred in 92.1% ± 11.7%. Reintervention was performed in 1.3% ± 3.3%. The incidence of proximal and distal stent-graft-induced new entry was 0.5% ± 1.3% and 0.9% ± 2.7%, respectively, with endoleak in 2.7% ± 4.4% and mortality of 2.2% ± 3.2%.ConclusionsCurrent evidence suggests that use of endovascular stent-grafts for type B aortic dissection in China is feasible and safe with low rates of perioperative complications and short-term mortality. However, a standardised reporting system and long-term follow-up data are lacking.
People with low serum folate levels have higher risk of colorectal adenoma/advanced colorectal adenoma occurrence and recurrence in China
Authors: Ding Hui , Gao Qin-Yan , Chen Hui-Min , Fang Jing-Yuan 
Published: June 2016

Objective To investigate the potential association between serum folate levels and colorectal adenoma (CRA) occurrence and recurrence. Methods This prospective study measured baseline serum folate levels in outpatients who were screened for CRA using colonoscopy. Participants were then randomly selected to produce one group with CRA and one without CRA. These two subgroups underwent further follow-up observations of colonoscopy to determine the occurrence of new and recurrent CRA. Results A total of 1310 participants were screened at baseline: 888 were healthy subjects without CRA; and 422 had CRA. Two subgroups were randomly selected ( n = 200 per group) for follow-up. In the overall population, baseline serum folate levels were significantly lower in patients with CRA or advanced CRA (A-CRA) compared with healthy participants without CRA. Similar findings were shown for the follow-up study in terms of the association between CRA and A-CRA occurrence and recurrence and baseline serum folate levels. After controlling for confounders, increased serum folate was associated with a reduced risk of occurrence of CRA (odds ratio [OR] 0.993, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.924, 1.066) and recurrence of CRA (OR 0.749, 95% CI 0.322, 1.742). Conclusions Higher serum folate levels may be protective against CRA and/or A-CRA.
Promoting participation and engagement for people with dementia through a cognitive stimulation therapy programme delivered by students: A descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Murray Carolyn M , Gilbert-Hunt Susan , Berndt Angela , de la Perrelle Lenore 
Published: June 2016

Introduction Dementia can affect participation and engagement due to deprivation of cognitive, social and sensory stimulation. To meet this need, educators and a service provider collaborated for occupational therapy students to provide cognitive stimulation therapy for people with dementia. Method We used a published, evidence-based cognitive stimulation therapy programme called ‘Making a Difference’. However, due to student availability, we adapted the programme to be conducted once weekly for 12 weeks by students in pairs. These services occurred in both community and residential settings. Following completion of the programme in 2012, perspectives of staff ( n = 8), family carers ( n = 5) and three people with dementia were sought about their involvement. Semi-structured interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Findings We found three themes of ‘something to talk about’, ‘it was a new relationship’ and ‘wanting to have a go’. Despite some initial concerns about people with dementia becoming stressed, the programme promoted social interactions, participation and engagement. The students adopted a relationship-centred approach with empathy and deliberate planning of sessions being important. Conclusion Through provision of the adapted Making a Difference programme, occupational therapy students were able to fulfil an unmet need while learning from their experience.
Initiation Timing of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Stimulation for Tendon-Bone Healing in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Lu Hongbin , Chen Can , Qu Jin , Chen Huabin , Chen Yong , Zheng Cheng , Wang Zhanwen , Xu Daqi , Zhou Jingyong , Zhang Tao , Qin Ling , Hu Jianzhong 
Published: June 2016

Background: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation (LIPUS) has been proven to be a beneficial biophysical therapy for tendon-bone (T-B) healing. However, the optimal time to initiate LIPUS treatment has not been determined yet. LIPUS initiated at different stages of the inflammatory phase may profoundly affect T-B healing. Purpose: An established rabbit model was used to preliminarily investigate the effect of LIPUS initiation timing on T-B healing. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 112 mature rabbits that underwent partial patellectomy were randomly assigned to 4 groups: daily mock sonication (control group) and daily ultrasonication started immediately postoperatively (immediate group), on postoperative day 7 (7-day delayed group), or on postoperative day 14 (14-day delayed group). Peripheral leukocyte counts at the inflammatory phase were used to assess postoperative inflammation. The rabbits were sacrificed at 8 or 16 weeks postoperatively for microarchitectural, histological, and mechanical evaluations of the patella–patellar tendon (PPT) junction. Results: The biomechanical properties of the PPT junction were significantly improved in the LIPUS-treated groups. Significantly higher ultimate strength and stiffness were seen in the 7-day delayed group compared with the other groups at 8 weeks postoperatively ( P < .05 for all). Newly formed bone expansion from the remaining patella in the ultrasonic treatment groups was significantly increased and remodeled compared with the control group. Micro–computed tomography analysis showed that the 7-day delayed group had significantly more bone volume and bone mineral content at the interface as compared with the other groups at 8 weeks postoperatively ( P < .05 for all). Histologically, the ultrasonic treatment groups exhibited a significantly better PPT junction, as shown by more formation and remodeling of the fibrocartilage layer and newly formed bone. Additionally, peripheral leukocyte counts displayed a significant increase from postoperative day 1 to day 3 in the immediate group as compared with the other groups. Furthermore, postoperative hydrarthrosis was more likely in the immediate group. Conclusion: LIPUS started at postoperative day 7 had a more prominent effect on T-B healing compared with the other treatment regimens in this study. Clinical Relevance: The findings of the study may help optimize the initiation timing of LIPUS for T-B healing.
The Feldstein–Horioka Puzzle and Structural Breaks: Evidence from the Largest Countries of Asia
Authors: Ketenci Natalya 
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this article is to investigate the level of capital mobility in the largest economies of Asia by testing the Feldstein–Horioka puzzle. Panel estimations using quarterly data for the period from 1995 to 2011 have been made for the seven largest economies of Asia, specifically Russia, Japan, South Korea, Turkey, India, Indonesia and China. This group of countries has gained significant economic power in the world over the last decade. Specifically, the growth rates of the sample has for a long period of time exceeded the growth rates of most developed countries. The total GDP adjusted for PPP is far above of the GDP of the European Union and NAFTA groups and very close to the G7 group. The article examines changes in investment savings relationships when the presence of structural shifts—where such exist—is taken into account. Recently developed panel techniques are employed to examine the investment–savings relationship and estimate saving–retention coefficients. As a result of these estimations, countries were divided into two groups consisting of stable and unstable economies. This division of countries allows for more precise estimates of capital mobility. The empirical findings reveal the existence of the moderate level of capital mobility in the group. Results indicate that countries with relatively higher capital mobility are exposed to the negative effects of international market fluctuations. JEL Classification: F32
Understanding the Behaviour of Capital Flow and its Components: The Indian Experience
Authors: Majumder Sayantan Bandhu , Nag Ranjanendra Narayan 
Published: June 2016

The article analyses the behaviour of net total capital inflow and its components since the introduction of liberalisation in India in 1991. An introspective analysis of capital flow reveals that capital inflow in India is volatile in nature and it is volatile in exactly the wrong direction, in a sense that it is pro-cyclical rather than countercyclical. However, all types of flows should not be treated equally. Being the most volatile and least persistent components, FPI and commercial bank inflow should be monitored very cautiously. The volatility of foreign direct investment (FDI) and commercial borrowing has gradually increased, although it has declined recently. External assistance has declined steadily and lost its dominance relative to the other counterparts. There is ample evidence of complementarity among the components of capital flows though we get a glimpse of substitutability between FDI and FPI—the two most voluminous components of capital flows. Contrary to a-cyclical, non-debt creating flows, commercial borrowings and commercial bank flows are found to be pro-cyclical in nature. The net total capital inflow series contain three structural breakpoints, at 1995Q4, 2002Q4 and 2006Q2. Domestic growth performance, policy changes and external shocks are the key factors behind these obtained structural breaks. There was a noticeable change in the behaviour of total capital flow and its components over the four phases identified in the article. JEL Classification: F21, F32, F41
Trade Facilitation in the Commonwealth: An Economic Analysis
Authors: Narayanan Badri , Sharma Sachin , Razzaque Mohammad 
Published: June 2016

This article examines the economic impact of trade facilitation between Commonwealth country members, using a global computable general equilibrium framework. We document enormous economic impact, much higher than a complete tariff liberalisation amongst these countries. The economic impact is quite visible in terms of welfare, gross domestic product, employment and trade in several sectors. We abstract from the costs involved in such trade facilitation—accounting for them is beyond the scope of this study. JEL Classification: F13, F62, F68
A School-Based Intervention to Reduce Excess Weight in Overweight and Obese Primary School Students
Authors: Amini Maryam , Djazayery Abolghassem , Majdzadeh Reza , Taghdisi Mohammad-Hossein , Sadrzadeh-Yeganeh Haleh , Abdollahi Zahra , Hosseinpour-Niazi Nasrin , Chamari Maryam , Nourmohammadi Mahdieh 
Published: June 2016

Background: This study evaluated the effect of an intervention for reducing excess weight gain in primary school-age children in Tehran. Methods: A cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted in 12 primary schools in Tehran. Three hundred thirty-four pupils, 167 in the intervention and 167 in the comparison group, determined to be overweight or obese based on World Health Organization standards, were recruited for the study. The intervention included nutrition education and increased physical activity (PA) for the pupils, lifestyle modification for parents, and a change in food items sold at the schools’ canteens. The entire intervention lasted approximately 18 weeks. Measures were taken before and immediately after the intervention. Results: The intervention significantly reduced body mass index Z-score and hip circumference ( p = .003 and p < .001, respectively). Waist circumference increased in both groups, but the increase was higher in the comparison group ( p = .001). No significant difference was seen in time spent on TV viewing between groups ( p = .08). Vigorous PA increased in the intervention group ( p < .001), while the comparison group showed an increase in moderate activity only ( p < .001). Energy intake increased significantly in the intervention group ( p < .001). Neither triceps skinfold thickness nor time spent on the computer changed in the intervention group ( p = .51 and p = .1, respectively), while they increased in the comparison group ( p < .001 and p = .004, respectively). Conclusion: The study provides a successful model for the implementation of similar interventions throughout the country.
Interpersonal interactions, workplace violence, and occupational health outcomes among social workers
Authors: Shier Micheal L , Graham John R , Nicholas David 
Published: June 2016

Summary Primary emphasis within the literature on mechanisms to address the prevalence of negative occupational well-being outcomes among human service workers has tended to focus on individual self-care efforts or organizational level policies aimed at improving work–life balance. While these are important areas of research, the workplace setting itself can also create negative outcomes, suggesting the need to adapt characteristics of this setting. One aspect of this workplace setting includes the dynamics of interpersonal interaction within the workplace. This study reports a multivariate analysis of the relationship between negative workplace interpersonal interactions (generally defined to provide a more holistic assessment of ways in which violence is manifested in the workplace) between workers and service users and between workers themselves and human service worker occupational outcomes. Findings In 2012, data were collected from a sample (n = 674) of human service workers in Alberta, Canada. This study finds a high prevalence of negative workplace interactions between workers, and that these experiences have consequences for worker experience’s with burnout and life satisfaction, and contributes to intentions to leave the workplace. Compounding negative interpersonal interactions between workers are particularly significant across all measured occupational outcomes. Applications These findings suggest the need for a workplace ‘settings-based’ approach to improve occupational well-being among workers. Utilizing a workplace ‘settings-based’ approach would place more emphasis on the processes and structure of day-to-day work within organizations to help alleviate negative occupational outcomes among workers.
Microscope or Telescope? The Study of Democratisation across World Regions
Authors: Bogaards Matthijs 
Published: June 2016

This review article brings together six recent books on democratisation. They cover Africa, Latin America, the Middle East, East Central Europe and the Balkans, Eurasia, and East and South East Asia. The review asks what we can learn from reading about democratisation in different parts of the world. The aim is twofold: to identify regionally specific processes of democratisation and to explore cross-regional commonalities. When viewed in combination, these regional studies of democratisation reveal the limitations of area studies and the need for comparative area studies. Cheeseman N (2015) Democracy in Africa: Successes, Failures, and the Struggle for Political Reform. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Hale H (2015) Patronal Politics: Eurasian Regime Dynamics in Comparative Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Hsin-Huang MH (ed.) (2014) Democracy or Alternative Political Systems in Asia: After the Strongmen. London: Routledge. Mainwaring S and Pérez-Liñán A (2013) Democracies and Dictatorship in Latin America: Emergence, Survival, and Fall. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Petrovic M (2013) The Democratic Transition of Post-Communist Europe: In the Shadow of Communist Differences and Uneven Europeanisation. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Sadiki L (ed.) (2015) Routledge Handbook of the Arab Spring: Rethinking Democratization. London: Routledge.
Risk Factors for Clostridium Difficile Diarrhea in Patients With Solid Organ Transplantation
Authors: Ramos Antonio , Ortiz Jorge , Asensio Ángel , Martínez-Ruiz Rocío , Múñez Elena , Cantero Mireia , Cozar Alberto , Ussetti Piedad , Portolés José , Cuervas-Mons Valentín 
Published: June 2016

Background: There is limited knowledge about specific risk factors for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Method: A retrospective study comparing cases of CDI in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with controls (SOT recipients who did not present CDI). Results: Thirty patients with SOT from 1340 transplantation recipients had at least 1 episode of CDI (2.23%). The accumulated incidence was 3.06% in liver transplantation, 2.78% in lung transplantation, 2.36% in kidney transplantation, and 0.33% in heart transplantation. Seven (23%) cases occurred during the first 2 months. Fifteen (50%) cases were community acquired. Colonoscopy was performed in 6 (20%) cases, but pseudomembranes were observed in only 1 (16%) case. Independent variables found to be related to CDI were previous treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs; odds ratio [OR] 5.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-32.0), immunosuppressive regimen including mycophenolate (OR 5.2; 95%CI 1.1-18), hospitalization during the previous 3 months (OR 5.1; 95%CI 1.1-17), and antibiotic treatment during the previous month (OR 6.7; 95%CI 1.4-23). Five (16.7%) patients did not respond to the initial treatment. Recurrences were noted in 6 (20%) patients. Conclusions: Liver transplant recipients presented the highest incidence. Risk factors for CDI were previous treatment with PPIs, immunosuppressive regimen containing mycophenolate, prior hospitalization, and prior antibiotic treatment.
Analysis of the Tibial Epiphysis in the Skeletally Immature Knee Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Davis Derik L. , Almardawi Ranyah , Mitchell Jason W. 
Published: June 2016

Background: Physeal-sparing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is being performed increasingly in skeletally immature knees. Purpose: To determine normal values for the maximum oblique length and “safe” physeal-sparing length and their corresponding angular trajectories across the tibial epiphysis on reconstructed magnetic resonance images (MRIs) in children and adolescents. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: An electronic search for pediatric knee MR examinations from April 2003 to April 2013 was performed at our institution. A 3-dimensional system viewer was used to measure the maximum oblique length, physeal-sparing length, and their corresponding angular trajectories on reconstructed MRIs. Knees were stratified by age into 2 groups: group 1 consisted of boys <13 years and girls <12 years and group 2 consisted of older boys (13-14 years) and girls (12-14 years). Each cohort was further stratified by sex. Group 1 consisted of 36 knees (mean age, 10.9 years) and group 2 consisted of 59 knees (mean age, 13.6 years). Results: Significant differences existed for the maximum oblique length and its angular trajectory for the younger versus older cohort (22.2 ± 2.7 vs 23.8 ± 2.7 mm, P = .007; 42.0° ± 4.0° vs 39.4° ± 4.2°, P = .003) and for the physeal-sparing length and its angular trajectory (19.4 ± 2.8 vs 21.3 ± 2.9 mm, P = .001; 30.1° ± 4.1° vs 28.2° ± 4.5°, P = .042). In group 2, females had shorter maximal oblique length and physeal-sparing length than boys (22.7 ± 2.3 vs 25.0 ± 2.7 mm, P < .001; 20.3 ± 2.6 vs 22.4 ± 2.9 mm, P = .004). Conclusion: The maximum oblique length across the tibial epiphysis is shorter than previously believed, measuring approximately 22 mm and approximately 24 mm for high- and intermediate-risk knees, respectively. However, “safe” physeal-sparing lengths were only approximately 19 mm and 21 mm for the younger and older cohorts, respectively. The angles corresponding to the maximum and safe lengths are more acute than commonly thought, measuring approximately 40° and 30°, respectively. All prepubescent knees and intermediate-risk females should receive careful attention before ACL reconstruction due to the relative smaller size of their tibial epiphyses. Clinical Relevance: Physeal-sparing ACL reconstruction is gaining acceptance as a surgical option for complete ACL tear in skeletally immature knees. Iatrogenic growth disturbance after violation of an open growth remains a real concern for surgeons tasked with providing operative management for the unstable pediatric knee. Inadvertent iatrogenic growth plate injury to the tibial physis has been shown to occur more commonly than surgeons would intend during physeal-sparing ACL reconstruction.
TNF-α priming enhances CD4+FoxP3+ regulatory T-cell suppressive function in murine GVHD prevention and treatment
Authors: Pierini Antonio , Strober William , Moffett Caitlin , Baker Jeanette , Nishikii Hidekazu , Alvarez Maite , Pan Yuqiong , Schneidawind Dominik , Meyer Everett , Negrin Robert S. 
Published: June 2016

Key Points
TNF-α produced during aGVHD is a strong and selective activator of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs. In vitro TNF-α priming enhances CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg proliferation and their ability to protect from GVHD.
Phosphoproteomic profiling of mouse primary HSPCs reveals new regulators of HSPC mobilization
Authors: Wang Leo D. , Ficarro Scott B. , Hutchinson John N. , Csepanyi-Komi Roland , Nguyen Phi T. , Wisniewski Eva , Sullivan Jessica , Hofmann Oliver , Ligeti Erzsebet , Marto Jarrod A. , Wagers Amy J. 
Published: June 2016

Key Points
Combining flow cytometry and high-performance mass spectrometry enables phosphoproteomic analysis of rare blood cell populations. ARHGAP25 dephosphorylation augments activity and promotes blood stem and progenitor cell mobilization by enhancing CXCL12 and Rac signaling.
A single-cell resolution map of mouse hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell differentiation
Authors: Nestorowa Sonia , Hamey Fiona K. , Pijuan Sala Blanca , Diamanti Evangelia , Shepherd Mairi , Laurenti Elisa , Wilson Nicola K. , Kent David G. , Göttgens Berthold 
Published: June 2016

Key Points
An expression map of HSPC differentiation from single-cell RNA sequencing of HSPCs provides insights into blood stem cell differentiation. A user-friendly Web resource provides access to single-cell gene expression profiles for the wider research community.