bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of povidone-iodine at delivery significantly increases maternal urinary iodine but not neonatal thyrotropin in an area with iodine sufficiency
Authors: Valizadeh Majid , Nazeri Pantea , Fazli Farzaneh , Mohammadian Farnaz , Kalantari Sadreddin , Kamali Koorosh , Osali Hesam 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackground:The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) application at delivery on maternal urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and neonatal thyrotropin concentration.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, urine samples were collected from each pregnant woman after admission to the hospital and before routine application of the PVP-I for delivery preparation and after delivery at time of screening for congenital hypothyroidism. A heel-prick blood sample was taken from all newborns.Results:A total of 394 pregnant women at time of delivery participated in this study. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) maternal UIC values were 120 (105–157) and 253 (126–470) μg/L before and after delivery, respectively (p<0.001). No significant correlations were observed between maternal UIC before and after delivery and neonatal thyrotropin levels.Conclusions:Application of PVP-I significantly increased UIC in postpartum mothers; however, thyrotropin concentration in neonates, whose mothers had adequate UIC, was within the normal range.
Impact of age, sex and body mass index on cortisol secretion in 143 healthy adults
Authors: Roelfsema Ferdinand , van Heemst Diana , Iranmanesh Ali , Takahashi Paul , Yang Rebecca , Veldhuis Johannes D 
Published: August 2017

Context
Studies on 24-h cortisol secretion are rare. The impact of sex, age and adiposity on cortisol levels, often restricted to one or a few samples, are well recognized, but conflicting.

Objective
To investigate cortisol dynamics in 143 healthy men and women, spanning 7 decades and with a 2-fold body mass index (BMI) range with different analytic tools.

Setting
Clinical Research Unit.

Design
Cortisol concentrations in 10-min samples collected for 24 h. Outcomes were mean levels, deconvolution parameters, approximate entropy (ApEn, regularity statistic) and 24-h rhythms.

Results
Total 24-h cortisol secretion rates estimated by deconvolution analysis were sex, age and BMI independent. Mean 24-h cortisol concentrations were lower in premenopausal women than those in men of comparable age (176 ± 8.2 vs 217 ± 9.4 nmol/L, P = 0.02), but not in subjects older than 50 years. This was due to lower daytime levels in women, albeit similar in the quiescent overnight period. Aging increased mean cortisol by 10 nmol/L per decade during the quiescent secretory phase and advanced the acrophase of the diurnal rhythm by 24 min/decade. However, total 24-h cortisol secretion rates estimated by deconvolution analysis were sex, age and BMI independent. ApEn of 24-h profiles was higher (more random) in premenopausal women than those in men (1.048 ± 0.025 vs 0.933 ± 0.023, P = 0.001), but not in subjects older than 50 years. ApEn peaked during the daytime.

Conclusion
Sex and age jointly determine the 24-h cortisol secretory profile. Sex effects are largely restricted to age <50 years, whereas age effects elevate concentrations in the late evening and early night and advance the timing of the peak diurnal rhythm.
Quality Improvement Initiative to Increase the Use of Nasogastric Hydration in Infants With Bronchiolitis
Authors: Srinivasan Mythili , Pruitt Cassandra , Casey Erin , Dhaliwal Keerat , DeSanto Cori , Markus Richard , Rosen Ayelet 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Intravenous (IV) hydration is used primarily in children with bronchiolitis at our institution. Because nasogastric (NG) hydration can provide better nutrition, the goal of our quality improvement (QI) initiative was to increase the rate of NG hydration in eligible children 1 to 23 months old with bronchiolitis by 20% over 6 months.

METHODS:
We used Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles to increase the use of NG hydration in eligible children. Interventions included educational and system-based changes and sharing parental feedback with providers. Chart reviews were performed to identify the rates of NG hydration, which were plotted over time in a statistical process control p chart. The balancing measure was the rate of complications in children with NG versus IV hydration.

RESULTS:
Two hundred and ninety-three children who were hospitalized with bronchiolitis needed supplemental hydration during the QI initiative (January 2016–April 2016). Ninety-one children were candidates for NG hydration, and 53 (58%) received NG hydration. The rates of NG hydration increased from a baseline of 0% pre-QI bronchiolitis season (January 2015–April 2015) to 58% during the initiative. There was no aspiration and no accidental placement of the NG tube into a child’s airway. Nine patients (17%) in the NG group had a progression of disease requiring nil per os status, and 6 of these were transferred to the PICU whereas none of those in the IV group were transferred to the PICU. Post-QI initiative, the majority of nurses (63%) and physicians (95%) stated that they are more likely to consider NG hydration in children with bronchiolitis.

CONCLUSIONS:
We successfully increased the rates of NG hydration in eligible children with bronchiolitis by using educational and system-based interventions.
Psychiatric Boarding in the Pediatric Inpatient Medical Setting: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Gallagher Katherine A.S. , Bujoreanu I. Simona , Cheung Priscilla , Choi Christine , Golden Sara , Brodziak Kerry , Andrade Gabriela , Ibeziako Patricia 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Psychiatric concerns are a common presenting problem for pediatric providers across many settings, particularly on inpatient medical services. The volume of youth requiring intensive psychiatric treatment outnumbers the availability of psychiatric placements, and as a result many youth must board on pediatric medical units while awaiting placement. As the phenomenon of boarding in the inpatient pediatric setting increases, it is important to understand trends in boarding volume and characteristics of pediatric psychiatric boarders (PBs) and understand the supports they receive while boarding.

METHODS:
A retrospective chart review of patients admitted as PBs to a medical inpatient unit at a large northeastern US pediatric hospital during 2013.

RESULTS:
Four hundred thirty-seven PBs were admitted to the medical service from January to December 2013, representing a more than 50% increase from PB admissions in 2011 and 2012. Most PBs were admitted for suicidal attempt and/or ideation. Average length of boarding was 3.11 ± 3.34 days. PBs received a wide range of mental health supports throughout their admissions. PBs demonstrated modest but statistically significant clinical improvements over the course of their stay, with only a small proportion demonstrating clinical deterioration.

CONCLUSIONS:
Psychiatric boarding presents many challenges for families, providers, and the health care system, and PBs have complex psychiatric histories and needs. However, boarding may offer a valuable opportunity for psychiatric intervention and stabilization among psychiatrically vulnerable youth.
Characteristics of Children Enrolled in Medicaid With High-Frequency Emergency Department Use
Authors: Peltz Alon , Samuels-Kalow Margaret E. , Rodean Jonathan , Hall Matthew , Alpern Elizabeth R. , Aronson Paul L. , Berry Jay G. , Shaw Kathy N. , Morse Rustin B. , Freedman Stephen B. , Cohen Eyal , Simon Harold K. , Shah Samir S. , Katsogridakis Yiannis , Neuman Mark I. 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Some children repeatedly use the emergency department (ED) at high levels. Among Medicaid-insured children with high-frequency ED use in 1 year, we sought to describe the characteristics of children who sustain high-frequency ED use over the following 2 years.

METHODS:
Retrospective longitudinal cohort study of 470 449 Medicaid-insured children appearing in the MarketScan Medicaid database, aged 1–16 years, with ≥1 ED discharges in 2012. Children with high ED use in 2012 (≥4 ED discharges) were followed through 2014 to identify characteristics associated with sustained high ED use (≥8 ED discharges in 2013–2014 combined). A generalized linear model was used to identify patient characteristics associated with sustained high ED use.

RESULTS:
A total of 39 945 children (8.5%) experienced high ED use in 2012, accounting for 25% of total ED visits in 2012. Sixteen percent of these children experienced sustained high ED use in the following 2 years. Adolescents (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.4 [95% confidence interval: 1.3–1.5]), disabled children (aOR: 1.3 [95% confidence interval: 1.1–1.5]), and children with 3 or more chronic conditions (aOR: 2.1, [95% confidence interval: 1.9–2.3]) experienced the highest likelihood for sustaining high ED use.

CONCLUSIONS:
One in 6 Medicaid-insured children with high ED use in a single year experienced sustained high levels of ED use over the next 2 years. Adolescents and individuals with multiple chronic conditions were most likely to have sustained high rates of ED use. Targeted interventions may be indicated to help reduce ED use among children at high risk.
Assessment of Utilizing Gypsum and Clays in Manufacturing Thermal Insulators
Authors: Tamar-Agha Mazin , Mohamed Suzan 
Published: August 2017

Utilization of gypsum, clay and marl from the Fatha Formation (Middle Miocene) in Darbandi Bazian - Sulaimani Government were assessed for manufacturing thermal insulators. The raw materials were analyzed mineralogically, chemically and physically. They were then crushed and ground to less than 125 pm. Ten batches were prepared by mixing 70/30, 60/40,50/50, 40/60 and 30/70 weight % ratio of gypsum to clay or marl, 210 test samples were formed by semi-dry pressing, oven dried at 105C andfired at 1000, 1050 and 11100 oC with a rise of 100 oC/h and one hour soaking time. The fired briquetteswere tested later on to assess their suitability as thermal insulator. The results of physico-mechanical testsshowed that the linear shrinkage is 0.13 to 3.75 o/o, apparent porosity is 30.8 to 41.4 %, water absorption17.4 to 28.0 %, bulk density is 1.48 to 1.78 g/cm3, compressive strength is 100.1 to 438.5 kg/cm2 andmodulus of rupture is 31.5 to 76,5 kg/cm2. Meanwhile, four samples were selected to investigate theirthermal conductivity (k) and found that it ranges between 0.3 and 0.4 w/m. oC, which reveals that they aregood insulators.
Stratigraphy and Sedimentology of Organic-Rich Limestones of the Chia Gara Formation, Rania Area, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, NE Iraq
Authors: Mohyaldin Ibrahim 
Published: August 2017

The Chia Gara Formation (M.Tithonian-Berriasian) at Rania area is studied in detail stratigraphicallyand. sedimentologically. The sequence is composed of organic-rich browm to dark shale and organic-rich argillaceous limestones.
The shale is dominant in the lower part. The limestone layers becoming lighter in color upward.
The upper contact is unconformable with the Balambo Formation. Four types of microfacies have been recognized. Radiolarian wackestone-packestone microfacies are the dominant facies, distributed through the section. The radiolarian moulds replaced by calcite, which indicate a major diagenetic process. The argillaceous limestone beds reveal interested white and dark bands; these structures are recorded for the first time. Thes bands are interpreted to be formed by diffusion process of organic matter-rich solutions through the porous limestone beds. The depositional environment reconstructed from the sedimentological evidences indicates to deep water environment, with warm, quiet water and euxinic condition.
Pulse Shape Processing to correct Pile up and Dead Time at High Count Rate by using Digital Spectroscopy Analyzer (DSA)
Authors: Hussein Adil 
Published: August 2017

Rise time parameter in digital spectroscopy analyzer (DSA) is used to obtain a new method for pulse
shape processing which is used to correct dead time and pile up at high count rate. When the pile up rejecter
has been used the dead time did not eliminate so much, but as the new method has been used (rise time
parameter) the dead time decreased to its half value. The effect of rise time on the spectrum such as the
relationship between the rise time and each of width pulse shape, dead time, gauss ratio, peak to valley ratio
and peak to Compton ratio, have been studied.
The Influence of Industrial Noise on Lipid and Lipoprotein Levels in Workers of Erbil Textile Factory
Authors: Mahmoud Tayfoor , Ahmed Salar , Ahmed Zaher 
Published: August 2017

This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of occupational noise (sound stress) exposure on
fasting serum lipid and lipoprotein levels [ serum total cholesterol (TC) ,Triglycerides(TGs) and lipoproteins
profile : Very Low Density Lipoprotein(VLDL),Low Density Lipoprotein(LDL-C) and High Density
Lipoprotein (HDL-C)] in Erbil textile factory workers .These workers are exposed to high ambient noise
level which is generated by big machines used in the factory for more than six hours daily at a strength of 90
deci-Bel [dB] without using ear protectors. The date obtained indicate that under these conditions of
chronic and high noise exposure levels there are a significant increase (P< 0.05) in the level of fasting serum
(TC) , a non significant increase in the levels of fasting serum ( TGs ,VLDL and LDL-C) and a significant
decrease (p< 0.05) in the level of fasting serum (HDL-C).
The Effect of the Contaminated Starter with Yeast on the Quality of the Kurdish Fermented Milk (Mast)
Authors: Ali Anwar , Kader Stara , Hamzah Hayder 
Published: August 2017

Mast is the type of set yoghurt manufactured in Kurdistan, it is firm fermented milk, characterized
by yeasty, sharpen acidity and fir m consistency. Applying the same traditional method by using local mast in
the Sulaimani city as starter which contains lactic acid bacteria with contaminated yeasts. The starters were
divided into four parts, the first one was the control and the other three parts were treated with heat in water
bath for (60°C/10 minute, 65°C/10 minute and 65°C/20 minute) respectively. The experiment reported that
the control (untreated starter) have the highest yeast cells count (100%), and the starter treated with 65°C/20
minute have the lowest yeast cells count ( 0.3%). The starter treated with 65°C for 10 and 20 minute
produces best mast quality according to the sensory test in comparison with other treatments.
On Centrally Regular Modules and Centrally Semiregular Modules
Authors: Jabbar Adil 
Published: August 2017

In this paper, two new modules are defined, which we call centrally regular and centrally semiregular
modules and several properties of them are proved. Also, we have determined so many conditions under
which regular (resp. semiregular) modules and centrally regular (resp. centrally semiregular) modules are
equivalent.
Assessment of Factors contributed to Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) incidence in Sulaimani Teaching Hospital
Authors: Lafi Samir 
Published: August 2017

The study objectives are to assess the incidence of the risk factors that contribute to the (UTI), and to
find out the relationship between UTI and some demographic characteristic such as age, gender, marital
status, and educational level.
A descriptive study was carried out in the Sulaimani Teaching Hospital (Kurdistan Region),
The data were collected through the use of constructed questionnaire, which consisted of two parts: the firs
one consist of (6) items which include the demographic information, and the second part consist of (13) items
include contributing factors to (UTI).The study started from the middle of August 2007 up to the end of June
2008.To achieve the objectives of the study, a non-probability (purposive) sample of (50) patient: males, and
females, who had (UTI), and admitted to the teaching hospital from the period of august 2007 up to April of
2008.The content validity of the instrument was established through a penal of (9) experts. Reliability of the
instrument was determined through the split-half approach, (r=78).
Data was gathered by interview technique using the questionnaire formal and data was analyzed by
application of descriptive and inferential statistical method.
The results of the study indicate that there is no association between (age, sex, level of education and marital
status) and occurrence of UTI.
New Trend of Space-Frequency Block Code-OFDM
Authors: Al-Qaradaghi Thuraya , Hussein Refat 
Published: August 2017

To avoid the problem of fast channel variations in time, the symbols of an orthogonal design can be
transmitted on neighboring subcarriers of the same Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)
symbol rather than on the same subcarrier of the subsequent OFDM symbols. This also reduces the
transmission delay. Space-Frequency Block Codes (SFBC) avoids the problem of fast time variations. A new
trend of SFBC introduced and examined for flat and frequency-selective channels over various values of
Doppler frequencies and various type of modulation (QPSK, 8-PSK, 16-QAM and 32-QAM). Alamouti code
was applied to a block of the odd and even elements instead of one symbol. The performance comparisons of
bit error probability for the conventional SFBC-OFDM and the proposed one have been presented. As a
result, it can be concluded that the proposed structure achieves much lower bit error rates. MATLAB version
7.4 had been used as a simulation tool.
Smarandache Idempotents in Certain Types of Group Rings
Authors: Hummadi Parween , Osman Shadan 
Published: August 2017

In this paper we study S-idempotents of the group ring Z2G where G is a finite cyclic group of
order . We give a condition on such that every nonzero idempotent element of the group ring
Z2G is Smarandache idempotent and we find Smarandache idempotents of the group ring KG
where K is an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0 and is a finite cyclic group.
Effect of Body Condition Score on Productive Performance of Local Karadi Cows
Authors: Ahmed Bahroz , Maarof Nazhad , Petrus Talal 
Published: August 2017

Twenty one Karadi cows raised at Bakrajo Farm, College of Agriculture, University of Sulaimani,
Kurdistan Region, Iraq, over the period April 2006 – May 2007 were used in this study. Cows were
naturally mated, then calved between 13th of June 2006 and 21st of January 2007. Cows were scored
according to the East of Scotland College of Agriculture system (ESCA) for their body condition at two
periods; sixty days before the expected calving, and at calving (1-3 days after calving). Data were
analyzed using the General Linear Model (GLM) procedure system by Statistical Analysis System (SAS).
The overall means of milk yield of 8 weeks, total milk yield, peak milk yield, persistency, and
lactation period were 217.76 ± 18.13 kg, 290.43 ± 34.10 kg, 35.00 ± 2.69 kg/week, 4.29 ± 0.28 week, and
89.38 ± 7.01 days, respectively. Body condition score at drying off and at calving had a significant effect
on 8 weeks, total milk yield, peak milk yield and persistency. Lactation period was affected by body
condition score at drying off, whereas body condition score at calving not affected the former trait.
Parity and season of calving not affected the former traits.
The Performance of Some Durum Wheat (Triticumturgidum L.) Under Different Environmental Conditions of Sulaimani / Kurdistan Iraq.
Authors: Rasool Abdulsalam , Rasheed Mohamad , Raza Taha , Rasheed Zanko , Khider Hiwa 
Published: August 2017

A field experiment was carried out during the winter season 2011-2012, to evaluate the performance of 8 new varieties of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.), namely (V1: Amidacul, V2: Bejah, V3: Guayacaninia Yuan-1/ Green-18, V4: Fadda, V5: Halio, V6: Omyavoros 79, V7: Simeto, and V8: Ovanto), under four different agro climatic conditions, namely BAKRAJO, KANI PANKA, GRDAJAN, and BAZYAN. Completely Randomized Block design (CRBD) with 3 replications were used in each location. The results shows that V7 required the shortest period for heading in all locations and their average with the exception of the 3rd location, when the V7 required the longest period for heading among the varieties. Regarding the plant height, the V4 shows a stable superiority in all locations without exception, while V8 significantly predominated in the 1000-grain weight compared to the other varieties in all locations and their average, but the maximum No. of grains spike-1 were fluctuated between the varieties within the locations. Maximum grain yield obtained by the V7 in the 1st , 2nd , 4th , and the average of locations were in accordance with the shortest period for heading of V7 at those locations, but the biological yield was different in superiority among varieties within locations. Finally the results of the agronomic characters in different locations indicated that the 2nd location was suit for early planting, which causing the reduction in heading period, and increasing the grain and biological yield as average of varieties, due to the maximum period for growth and development toward the maturity in this location.
¿Actitudes sexistas en jóvenes?: Exploración del sexismo ambivalente y neosexismo en población universitaria = Young people have sexist attitudes?: Exploration of ambivalent sexism and neosexism in University students
Authors: Esteban Ramiro Beatriz , Fernández Montaño Patricia 
Published: August 2017

Resumen. El presente artículo pretende poner de manifiesto la necesidad de seguir abriendo nuevos enfoques, desde diferentes perspectivas interdisciplinares, en el análisis del sexismo en España. Se ofrece una aproximación a las actitudes sexistas y neosexistas de una franja poblacional sobre la que a priori, se tiende a pensar libre de sexismo (entendido de forma “tradicional”). Se expone un estudio sobre las representaciones del sexismo en jóvenes universitarios/as a través de una muestra (N 420) de estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de una universidad española (Universidad de Castilla La Mancha). Siguiendo la línea teórica definida por Glick y Fiske (1996) conocida como la Teoría del Sexismo Ambivalente, integrada por los componentes de sexismo benevolente y sexismo hostil y complementándola con los preceptos teóricos del Neosexismo propuestos por Tougas, Brown, Beaton y Joly (1995), se utilizaron las versiones en castellano de las escalas propuestas por estos autores. Los resultados evidencian la presencia de actitudes sexistas enmascaradas con diferencias en las informaciones vertidas según sexo y estudios en curso que ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de continuar trabajando en el análisis, comprensión y prevención de las actitudes sexistas de las nuevas generaciones, así como de desarrollar investigaciones interdisciplinares que aborden esta cuestión de manera integral y ofrezcan enfoques adaptados a las nuevas expresiones que de forma general son más sutiles y difíciles de percibir.Palabras clave: sexismo ambivalente, población universitaria, neosexismo, desigualdad de género.Abstract. This paper examines expressions of sexism in youth based on an exploratory study conducted among students (N420) of the Faculty of Social Sciences of a Spanish university (Castilla La Mancha University). The authors developed Spanish rating scales based on the theoretical viewpoint defined by Glick and Fiske (1996), known as the ambivalent sexism theory, comprising the components of benevolent sexism and hostile sexism and complementing it with the neosexism precepts proposed by Tougas, Brown, Beaton and Joly (1995). The results show the need to continue working on the analysis, understanding and prevention of sexist attitudes of the younger generation and to develop interdisciplinary research to address this issue comprehensively and provide tailored approaches to new expressions of sexism, which in general, are more subtle and difficult to perceive.Keywords: ambivalent Sexism, students, neosexism, gender inequality.