bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disparities in correlating microstructural to nanostructural preservation of dinosaur femoral bones
Authors: Kim Jung-Kyun , Kwon Yong-Eun , Lee Sang-Gil , Lee Ji-Hyun , Kim Jin-Gyu , Huh Min , Lee Eunji , Kim Youn-Joong 
Published: March 2017

AbstractOsteohistological researches on dinosaurs are well documented, but descriptions of direct correlations between the bone microstructure and corresponding nanostructure are currently lacking. By applying correlative microscopy, we aimed to verify that well-preserved osteohistological features correlate with pristine fossil bone nanostructures from the femoral bones ofKoreanosaurus boseongensis. The quality of nanostructural preservation was evaluated based on the preferred orientation level of apatite crystals obtained from selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns and by measuring the “arcs” from the {100} and {002} diffraction rings. Unlike our expectations, our results revealed that well-preserved microstructures do not guarantee pristine nanostructures and vice versa. Structural preservation of bone from macro- to nanoscale primarily depends on original bioapatite density, and subsequent taphonomical factors such as effects from burial, pressure, influx of external elements and the rate of diagenetic alteration of apatite crystals. Our findings suggest that the efficient application of SAED analysis opens the opportunity for comprehensive nanostructural investigations of bone.
Plasma Apolipoprotein A-V Predicts Long-term Survival in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
Authors: Chen En-Qiang , Wang Meng-Lan , Zhang Dong-Mei , Shi Ying , Wu Do-Bo , Yan Li-Bo , Du Ling-Yao , Zhou Ling-Yun , Tang Hong 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is a life-threatening condition, and the lipid metabolism disorder is common in the development of this disease. This prospective observational study aimed to define the characteristics of plasma apolipoprotein A-V (apoA-V) in long-term outcome prediction of HBV-ACLF, and a total of 330 HBV-ACLF patients were included and followed for more than 12 months. In this cohort, the 4-week, 12-week, 24-week and 48-week cumulative mortality of HBV-ACLF was 18.2%(60/330), 50.9%(168/330), 59.7%(197/330) and 63.3%(209/330), respectively. As compared to survivors, the non-survivors had significantly lower concentrations of plasma apoA-V on admission. Plasma apoA-V concentrations were positively correlated with prothrombin time activity (PTA), and negatively correlated with interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, and iMELD scores. Though plasma apoA-V, PTA, total bilirubin(TBil) and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) were all independent factors to predict one-year outcomes of HBV-ACLF, plasma apoA-V had the highest prediction accuracy. And its optimal cutoff value for one-year survival prediction was 480.00 ng/mL, which had a positive predictive value of 84.68% and a negative predictive value of 92.23%. In summary, plasma apoA-V decreases significantly in non-survivors of HBV-ACLF, and it may be regarded as a new predictive marker for the prognosis of patients with HBV-ACLF.
A Raf-like protein kinase BHP mediates blue light-dependent stomatal opening
Authors: Hayashi Maki , Inoue Shin-ichiro , Ueno Yoshihisa , Kinoshita Toshinori 
Published: March 2017

AbstractStomata in the plant epidermis open in response to blue light and affect photosynthesis and plant growth by regulating CO2 uptake and transpiration. In stomatal guard cells under blue light, plasma membrane H+-ATPase is phosphorylated and activated via blue light-receptor phototropins and a signaling mediator BLUS1, and H+-ATPase activation drives stomatal opening. However, details of the signaling between phototropins and H+-ATPase remain largely unknown. In this study, through a screening of specific inhibitors for the blue light-dependent H+-ATPase phosphorylation in guard cells, we identified a Raf-like protein kinase, BLUE LIGHT-DEPENDENT H+-ATPASE PHOSPHORYLATION (BHP). Guard cells in the bhp mutant showed impairments of stomatal opening and H+-ATPase phosphorylation in response to blue light. BHP is abundantly expressed in the cytosol of guard cells and interacts with BLUS1 both in vitro and in vivo. Based on these results, BHP is a novel signaling mediator in blue light-dependent stomatal opening, likely downstream of BLUS1.
Monolithic integration of a lithium niobate microresonator with a free-standing waveguide using femtosecond laser assisted ion beam writing
Authors: Fang Zhiwei , Xu Yingxin , Wang Min , Qiao Lingling , Lin Jintian , Fang Wei , Cheng Ya 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe demonstrated integrating a high quality factor lithium niobate microdisk resonator with a free-standing membrane waveguide. Our technique is based on femtosecond laser direct writing which produces the pre-structure, followed by focused ion beam milling which reduces the surface roughness of sidewall of the fabricated structure to nanometer scale. Efficient light coupling between the integrated waveguide and microdisk was achieved, and the quality factor of the microresonator was measured as high as 1.67 × 105.
The cerebellum in dual-task performance in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Gao Linlin , Zhang Jiarong , Hou Yanan , Hallett Mark , Chan Piu , Wu Tao 
Published: March 2017

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) patients have difficulty in performing a dual-task. It has been suggested that the cerebellum is important in dual-tasking. We used functional MRI to investigate the role of the cerebellum in performing a dual motor and cognitive task in PD patients. We have examined whether there are any areas additionally activated for dual-task performance, and compared the neural activity and functional connectivity pattern in the cerebellum between PD patients and healthy controls. We found that the right cerebellar vermis and left lobule V of cerebellar anterior lobe were additionally activated for dual-task performance in healthy controls and for motor task in PD patients. We didn’t find any cerebellar regions additionally activated while performing dual-task in PD patients. In addition, the right cerebellar vermis had enhanced connectivity with motor and cognitive associated networks in PD patients. PD patients have limited cerebellar resources that are already utilized for single tasks and, for dual tasks, cannot augment as necessary in order to integrate motor and cognitive networks.
Method for detection of hydrogen peroxide in HT22 cells
Authors: Jacewicz Dagmara , Siedlecka-Kroplewska Kamila , Drzeżdżon Joanna , Piotrowska Agnieszka , Wyrzykowski Dariusz , Tesmar Aleksandra , Żamojć Krzysztof , Chmurzyński Lech 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe have proposed a new method which can be applied in assessing the intracellular production of hydrogen peroxide. Using this assay we have examined the hydrogen peroxide generation during the L-glutamate induced oxidative stress in the HT22 hippocampal cells. The detection of hydrogen peroxide is based on two crucial reagents cis-[Cr(C2O4)(pm)(OH2)2]+ (pm denotes pyridoxamine) and 2-ketobutyrate. The results obtained indicate that the presented method can be a promising tool to detect hydrogen peroxide in biological samples, particularly in cellular experimental models.
Hybrid three-dimensional dual- and broadband optically tunable terahertz metamaterials
Authors: Meng Qinglong , Zhong Zheqiang , Zhang Bin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe optically tunable properties of the hybrid three-dimensional (3D) metamaterials with dual- and broadband response frequencies are theoretically investigated in the terahertz spectrum. The planar double-split-ring resonators (DSRRs) and the standup double-split-ring resonators are fabricated on a sapphire substrate, forming a 3D array structures. The bi-anisotropy of the hybrid 3D metamaterials is considered because the stand-up DSRRs are not symmetrical with respect to the electric field vector. Due to the electric and magnetic response realized by the planar and the standup double-split-ring resonators respectively, the dual-band resonance response and the negative refractive index can be achieved. The potential of the phase modulation under photoexcitation is also demonstrated. Further analysis indicates that, photoexcitation of free carriers in the silicon within the capacitive region of the standup DSRRs results in a broad resonance response bandwidth (about 0.47 THz), and also functions as a broadband negative refractive index that roughly lies between 0.80 and 2.01 THz. This tunable metamaterials is proposed for the potential application of electromagnetic wave propagation in terahertz area.
Relative magnetic helicity as a diagnostic of solar eruptivity
Authors: Pariat E. , Leake J. E. , Valori G. , Linton M. G. , Zuccarello F. P. , Dalmasse K. 
Published: March 2017

Context. The discovery of clear criteria that can deterministically describe the eruptive state of a solar active region would lead to major improvements on space weather predictions.
Aims. Using series of numerical simulations of the emergence of a magnetic flux rope in a magnetized coronal, leading either to eruptions or to stable configurations, we test several global scalar quantities for the ability to discriminate between the eruptive and the non-eruptive simulations.
Methods. From the magnetic field generated by the three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical simulations, we compute and analyze the evolution of the magnetic flux, of the magnetic energy and its decomposition into potential and free energies, and of the relative magnetic helicity and its decomposition.
Results. Unlike the magnetic flux and magnetic energies, magnetic helicities are able to markedly distinguish the eruptive from the non-eruptive simulations. We find that the ratio of the magnetic helicity of the current-carrying magnetic field to the total relative helicity presents the highest values for the eruptive simulations, in the pre-eruptive phase only. We observe that the eruptive simulations do not possess the highest value of total magnetic helicity.
Conclusions. In the framework of our numerical study, the magnetic energies and the total relative helicity do not correspond to good eruptivity proxies. Our study highlights that the ratio of magnetic helicities diagnoses very clearly the eruptive potential of our parametric simulations. Our study shows that magnetic-helicity-based quantities may be very efficient for the prediction of solar eruptions.
Perinatal and Neonatal Outcomes of Triplet Gestations Based on Chorionicity
Authors: Downing Maureen , Sulo Suela , Parilla Barbara 
Published: March 2017

Objective To compare perinatal and neonatal outcomes of dichorionic (DC) and monochorionic (MC) with trichorionic (TC) triplet gestations.
Methods A retrospective cohort study of DC + MC versus TC triplet gestations delivered at a tertiary care hospital from 2009 to 2015. The results include 42 sets of triplets (TC, n = 26; DC + MC, n = 16). Maternal demographics and pregnancy data were compared. Neonatal outcomes were assessed using composite morbidity and mortality.
Results Maternal baseline characteristics including age, mode of conception, race, parity, body mass index, and previous preterm delivery were statistically comparable. Comparison of prenatal management and complications yielded no significant differences in terms of presence of shortened cervix, cerclage placement, use of tocolytics, intrauterine growth restriction, premature rupture of membranes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, or gestational diabetes. However, evaluation of composite morbidity and mortality (RDS, IVH, NEC, IUGR, and death) illustrated that all infants born from DC + MC triplet gestations suffered some morbidity or mortality compared with TC pregnancies (p < 0.01).
Conclusion DC + MC triplet gestations are at an increased risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality compared with TC triplet gestations.
Point-of-Care Testing in Burn Patients
Authors: Wiegele Marion , Kozek-Langenecker Sibylle , Schaden Eva 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSevere burn injury has an impact on the coagulation system, but a unique definition regarding these changes is still missing. The results of conventional coagulation assays (CCAs) measured in daily clinical practice are often interpreted as coagulopathic, which implies a bleeding tendency. However, viscoelastic coagulation assays (VCA) like Rotational Thromboelastometry (ROTEM) and Thromboelastography (TEG) depict a hypercoagulable state. Therefore, hemostatic interventions should not be indicated according to deranged CCA results, but only in case of clinically relevant bleeding plus indicative VCA results. Massive blood loss mainly results from surgical excision of burn wounds. VCAs seem to be capable of guiding target-oriented coagulation management in this context. Owing to the increased thromboembolic risk, it appears rational to individualize pharmacologic venous thromboembolism prophylaxis by using sensitive laboratory tests and drug monitoring. Studies evaluating the use of new VCA test modifications are highly warranted and may substantially improve outcome in this difficult-to-treat patient population.
Arthroscopic Removal of Suprapatellar Fibroma of Tendon Sheath
Authors: Lou Nan , Fang Christian , Leung Frankie , Cheung Florence , Wong Tak 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntra-articular fibroma of tendon sheath is a rare disease. To our knowledge, less than 20 cases have been reported in the literature, and none of them was a Chinese patient. In this case report, we present a Chinese patient with intra-articular fibroma of tendon sheath of the knee joint which was excised arthroscopically. We also summarized the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and subsequent management of intra-articular fibroma of tendon sheath.
The interno nell’interno: some furnishing paradigms for an interior as interiority
Authors: Forino Imma 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis essay uses the Italian expression “l’interno nell’interno” to identify a specific case of the relationship between interior and interiority in the history of furnishing and interior design. From the Middle Ages to the twentieth century in Western culture various types of furniture locate a specific type of space—made of wood, curtains or masonry—within a previous domestic space. These new spaces are often bound up with the desires for privacy, well-being and concentration. They permit people to withdraw into themselves, to have more intimacy, or engage in a privileged dialogue with others. To demonstrate this close relationship between interior and interiority this essay chooses three typologies of the “interno nell’interno”: namely the studiolo, master bed and window. The first two are analysed as pieces of furniture, while the window is analysed as a space. The three typologies are selected for their special character as paradigms in the history of furnishing and interior design and their unique character as spaces of interiority. The essay analyses them by drawing on authors who write on the history of art, literature, philosophy, psychology, interiority, in addition to specialized texts on the history of interiors and architecture. In the conclusion, with the use of phenomenological and psychoanalytical approaches (especially Elvio Fachinelli’s claustrophilic interiorisation), the essay demonstrates that these three models were true rooms of interiority in past ages. The studiolo, master bed and window can be considered mediums of inner development and wellbeing. The purpose of the essay is to show that the history of furnishing and of interior design can be understood and interpreted in accordance with values complementary to those commonly used, values that adopt an interdisciplinary approach and problematicity as a method of study, in order to shed light on the actual relationship between interior and interiority. Although this relationship was more evident in past ages, rather than in the present, the interpretational method adopted here is also offered as a possible key to studies of contemporary interiors. This article is published as part of a collection on interiorities.
Structural reconstruction of protein ancestry
Authors: Rouet Romain , Langley David B. , Schofield Peter , Christie Mary , Roome Brendan , Porebski Benjamin T. , Buckle Ashley M. , Clifton Ben E. , Jackson Colin J. , Stock Daniela , Christ Daniel 
Published: March 2017

Significance
The adaptive immune system forms our primary defense against bacteria and viruses. Key players of this system are antigen receptors, dimeric molecules formed by two different types of immunoglobulin domains. It is generally believed that these receptors evolved from an ancestral dimer formed by only a single type of immunoglobulin. Using laboratory evolution, we have recreated such homodimeric receptors and characterized their interactions by X-ray crystallography. Our findings provide molecular insights and support of long-held theories concerning the evolution of the adaptive immune system. They also provide a blueprint for the experimental reconstruction of ancestral proteins in the large number of cases in which evolution has obscured sequence similarities beyond recognition, and which cannot be analyzed using current sequence-based approaches.
Open-label Study of Injectable Extended-release Naltrexone (XR-NTX) in Healthcare Professionals With Opioid Dependence
Authors: Earley Paul H. , Zummo Jacqueline , Memisoglu Asli , Silverman Bernard L. , Gastfriend David R. 
Published: March 2017

Objectives:
Healthcare professionals (HCPs) with opioid dependence are at risk for relapse and death, particularly in the first year of recovery; however, maintenance treatment with opioid agonists is controversial in this safety-sensitive group. We evaluated long-term safety, tolerability, and treatment outcomes of injectable, intramuscular, extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) in opioid-dependent HCPs.

Methods:
This single-arm, multisite, open-label study was conducted in opioid-dependent HCPs who had been detoxified from opioids for at least 2 weeks. Subjects received monthly XR-NTX injections for up to 24 months, combined with counseling via intensive outpatient substance abuse treatment programs. Assessments included monthly urine opioid drug tests and routine safety assessments, along with a trimonthly short form (36) Health Survey, opioid craving questionnaire, and Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication.

Results:
Of 49 opioid-dependent HCPs screened, 38 enrolled and received at least 1 XR-NTX injection. Most were female (n = 31) and nurses or nursing assistants (n = 30). More than half (n = 21; 55.3%) received at least 12 injections. Seven discontinued due to adverse events (3 anxiety, 2 headache, 1 injection-site mass, 1 derealization). None experienced relapses to opioid dependence necessitating detoxification, overdose, or death during treatment. At 24 months, mean opioid craving fell by 45.2%, and short form (36) mental component scores improved by 31.1% from baseline and approached normal levels. Of 22 unemployed subjects at baseline, 45.5% improved employment status at 24 months.

Conclusions:
Long-term (2 years) XR-NTX was associated with no new safety concerns, and, compared with shorter-term studies in the general population, similar or better rates of retention, opioid-negative urines, opioid craving reduction, mental health functional quality of life improvement, and re-employment.
Academic Productivity of Faculty Associated With Craniofacial Surgery Fellowship Programs
Authors: Ruan Qing Zhao , Ricci Joseph A. , Silvestre Jason , Ho Olivia A. , Ganor Oren , Lee Bernard T. 
Published: March 2017

Background:
The H-index is increasingly being used as a measure of academic productivity and has been applied to various surgical disciplines. Here the authors calculate the H-index of craniofacial surgery fellowship faculty in North America in order to determine its utility for academic productivity among craniofacial surgeons.

Methods:
A list of fellowship programs was obtained from the website of the American Society of Craniofacial Surgery. Faculty demographics and institution characteristics were obtained from official program websites and the H-index was calculated using Scopus (Elsevier, USA). Data were assessed using bivariate analysis tools (Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests) to determine the relationship between independent variables and career publications, H-index and 5-year H-index (H5-index) of faculty. Dunn test for multiple comparisons was also calculated.

Results:
A total of 102 faculty members from 29 craniofacial surgery fellowship programs were identified and included. Faculty demographics reflected a median age of 48 (interquartile range [IQR] 13), a predominantly male sample (88/102, 89.7%), and the rank of assistant professor being the most common among faculty members (41/102, 40.2%). Median of career publications per faculty was 37 (IQR 52.5) and medians of H-index and H5-index were 10.0 (IQR 13.75) and 3.5 (IQR 3.25), respectively. Greater age, male gender, Fellow of the American College of Surgeons membership, higher academic rank, and program affiliation with ranked research medical schools were significantly associated with higher H-indices.

Conclusions:
Variables associated with seniority were positively associated with the H-index. These results suggest that the H-index may be used as an adjunct in determining academic productivity for promotions among craniofacial surgeons.
Multiple Kernel Learning approach for Medical Image Analysis
Authors: Wani Nisar , Raza Khalid 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTComputer aided diagnosis is gradually making its way into the domain of medical research and clinical diagnosis. With field of radiology and diagnostic imaging producing petabytes of image data. Machine learning tools, particularly kernel based algorithms seem to be an obvious choice to process and analyze this high dimensional and heterogeneous data. In this chapter, after presenting a breif description about nature of medical images, image features and basics in machine learning and kernel methods, we present the application of multiple kernel learning algorithms for medical image analysis.
Physiological preparation of hair cells from the sacculus of the American bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)
Authors: Azimzadeh Julien B , Salvi Joshua D 
Published: March 2017

SHORT ABSTRACTThe American bullfrog’s sacculus permits direct examination of hair-cell physiology. Here we describe the dissection and preparation of the bullfrog’s sacculus for biophysical studies. We show representative experiments from these hair cells, including the calculation of a bundle’s force-displacement relation and measurement of its spontaneous motion.LONG ABSTRACTThe study of hearing and balance rests upon insights drawn from biophysical studies of model systems. One such model, the sacculus of the American bullfrog, has become a mainstay of auditory and vestibular research. Studies of this organ have revealed how sensory cells—hair cells—can actively detect signals from the environment. Because of these studies, we now better understand the mechanical gating and localization of a hair cell’s transduction channels, calcium’s role in mechanical adaptation, and the identity of hair-cell currents. This highly accessible organ continues to provide insight into the workings of hair cells.Here we describe the preparation of the bullfrog’s sacculus for biophysical studies on its hair cells. We include the complete dissection procedure and provide specific protocols for the preparation of the sacculus in specific contexts. We additionally include representative results using this preparation, including the calculation of a hair bundle’s force-displacement relation and measurement of a bundle’s spontaneous motion.