bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guerre et dentelles : la réécriture galante de la guerre de Hollande dans L’héroïne mousquetaire de Préchac
Authors: Roy Roxanne 
Published: January 2017

Cet article propose de s’interroger sur le rôle et les fonctions reliés à l’emploi de la thématique guerrière dans L’héroïne mousquetaire de Préchac. Il s’attarde principalement aux particularités de la représentation de la guerre dans la nouvelle galante, à ses dispositifs, à ses usages et à ses fonctions afin de dégager une possible « scénographie galante des récits de guerre ». L’hypothèse qui sous-tend l’analyse est la suivante : Préchac s’ingénie à renouveler sans cesse le genre de la nouvelle. Pour ce faire, l’une de ses stratégies d’écriture consiste à puiser des éléments factuels tirés de l’histoire guerrière et à insérer des descriptions des campagnes militaires mais en prenant soin de les adapter à l’esthétique de la nouvelle galante. En optant pour une réécriture galante de la guerre de Hollande, le but recherché par le nouvelliste serait d’obtenir l’assentiment de ses lecteurs, de se conformer à leur goût tout en ménageant des effets de nouveauté, mais aussi d’entrer dans les bonnes grâces du roi.
Electron dynamics in the minimagnetosphere above a lunar magnetic anomaly
Authors: Usui Hideyuki , Miyake Yohei , Nishino Masaki N. , Matsubara Takuma , Wang Joseph 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe consider a three‐dimensional electromagnetic particle‐in‐cell simulation of the boundary layer current in a minimagnetosphere created by the interaction between a magnetized plasma flow, which models the typical solar wind, and a small‐scale magnetic dipole, which represents the Reiner Gamma magnetic anomaly on the lunar surface. The size of this magnetic anomaly (measured as the distance from the dipole center to the position where the pressure of the local magnetic field equals the dynamic pressure of the solar wind) is one quarter that of the Larmor radius of the solar wind ions. In spite of the weak magnetization of the ions, a minimagnetosphere is formed above the magnetic anomaly. In the boundary layer of the minimagnetosphere, the electron current is dominant. Due to the intense electric field induced by charge separation, electrons entering the boundary layer undergo E × B drift. In each hemisphere, the electron boundary current due to the drift shows a structure where the convection reverses; these structures are symmetric with respect to the magnetic equator. Detailed analysis of the electron cyclotron motion shows that electrons at the edge of the inner boundary layer obtain maximum velocity by the electric field acceleration due to the charge separation, not due to the drift of the electron's guiding center. The maximum electron velocity is approximately 8 times that of the upstream plasma. The width of the boundary layer current becomes approximately equal to the radius of the local electron cyclotron.
Dayside and nightside magnetic field responses at 780 km altitude to dayside reconnection
Authors: Snekvik K. , Østgaard N. , Tenfjord P. , Reistad J. P. , Laundal K. M. , Milan S. E. , Haaland S. E. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDuring southward interplanetary magnetic field, dayside reconnection will drive the Dungey cycle in the magnetosphere, which is manifested as a two‐cell convection pattern in the ionosphere. We address the response of the ionospheric convection to changes in the dayside reconnection rate by examining magnetic field perturbations at 780 km altitude. The Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment data products derived from the Iridium constellation provide global maps of the magnetic field perturbations. Cluster data just upstream of the Earth's bow shock have been used to estimate the dayside reconnection rate. By using a statistical model where the magnetic field can respond on several time scales, we confirm previous reports of an almost immediate response both near noon and near midnight combined with a 10–20 min reconfiguration time of the two‐cell convection pattern. The response of the ionospheric convection has been associated with the expansion of the polar cap boundary in the Cowley‐Lockwood paradigm. In the original formulation of this paradigm the expansion spreads from noon to midnight in 15–20 min. However, also an immediate global response has been shown to be consistent with the paradigm when the previous dayside reconnection history is considered. In this paper we present a new explanation for how the immediate response can be accommodated in the Cowley‐Lockwood paradigm. The new explanation is based on how MHD waves propagate in the magnetospheric lobes when newly reconnected open flux tubes are added to the lobes, and the magnetopause flaring angle increases.
Climatology of successive equatorial plasma bubbles observed by GPS ROTI over Malaysia
Authors: Buhari S. M. , Abdullah M. , Yokoyama T. , Otsuka Y. , Nishioka M. , Hasbi A. M. , Bahari S. A. , Tsugawa T. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe occurrence rate of the equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) with season, solar activity, and geomagnetic conditions are investigated using long‐term data sets of Malaysia Real‐Time Kinematics Network (MyRTKnet) from 2008 to 2013. The rate of TEC (total electron content) change index (ROTI) in 5 min was derived from MyRTKnet data to detect the EPB with scale sizes around tens of kilometers. Then, the daily east‐west cross sections of 2‐D ROTI maps were used to examine the EPB features over 100°E–119°E longitudes. The EPBs tend to occur successively in one night along the observational coverage of MyRTKnet during equinoxes in high solar activity years. The perturbations in a form of wavelike structures along the observed longitudes might be responsible for the development of successive EPBs due to high growth rate of the Rayleigh‐Taylor instability (RTI) process. On the contrary, the occurrence of successive EPBs is infrequent and the occurrence day of EPB remains active during equinoctial months in low solar activity years. The small growth rate of the RTI process during low solar activity years might require a strong seed perturbation to generate the EPB structure. The occurrence probability of the EPB was found to be similar during quiet and disturbed geomagnetic conditions. The results imply that the strong perturbations play an important role in the development of the EPB in low solar activity years. Nonetheless, the high growth rate of the RTI could cause the successive occurrence of the EPB in high solar activity years.
The variability of SE2 tide extracted from TIMED/SABER observations
Authors: Li Xing , Wan Weixing , Ren Zhipeng , Yu You 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBased on the temperature observations of the TIMED/Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry in mesosphere/lower thermosphere region (70–110 km altitudes) and at the low latitude and midlatitude (45°S–45°N) from 2002 to 2012, the variability of the nonmigrating tide SE2 with 1 day resolution is analyzed, using the method from Li et al. (2015). It is found that the climatological features (large‐scale variability) of the SE2 tide are similar with the results from the previous research works. The SE2 tide manifests mainly at the low‐mid latitudes around ±30°. The northern hemisphere tidal amplitudes below 110 km are larger than the southern hemisphere tide. SE2 peaks below 110 km mainly present between 100 and 110 km altitude. The tidal amplitudes below 110 km occur a north‐south asymmetry about the equator in the annual variation: in the southern hemisphere, SE2 occurs with an obvious annual variation with a maximum of tidal amplitudes in December, while in the northern one, the semiannual variations with maximum at the equinoxes. Herein, owing to the high‐resolution tidal data, we could research the short‐term (day‐to‐day) variations of SE2. We found that the day‐to‐day variations manifest mainly at between 100 and 110 km altitudes; it increases gradually with latitudes, and it is stronger at the low‐mid latitudes; it is relatively slightly stronger around solstices than equinoxes; and it does not present a remarkably interannual variation. The SE2 day‐to‐day variations may be composed by the absolute amplitudes' variance and the impact of the wave phases, and the latter ones are more important.
Martian low‐altitude magnetic topology deduced from MAVEN/SWEA observations
Authors: Xu Shaosui , Mitchell David , Liemohn Michael , Fang Xiaohua , Ma Yingjuan , Luhmann Janet , Brain David , Steckiewicz Morgane , Mazelle Christian , Connerney Jack , Jakosky Bruce 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution mission has obtained comprehensive particle and magnetic field measurements. The Solar Wind Electron Analyzer provides electron energy‐pitch angle distributions along the spacecraft trajectory that can be used to infer magnetic topology. This study presents pitch angle‐resolved electron energy shape parameters that can distinguish photoelectrons from solar wind electrons, which we use to deduce the Martian magnetic topology and connectivity to the dayside ionosphere. Magnetic topology in the Mars environment is mapped in three dimensions for the first time. At low altitudes (<400 km) in sunlight, the northern hemisphere is found to be dominated by closed field lines (both ends intersecting the collisional atmosphere), with more day‐night connections through cross‐terminator closed field lines than in the south. Although draped field lines with ~100 km amplitude vertical fluctuations that intersect the electron exobase (~160–220 km) in two locations could appear to be closed at the spacecraft, a more likely explanation is provided by crustal magnetic fields, which naturally have the required geometry. Around 30% of the time, we observe open field lines from 200 to 400 km, which implies three distinct topological layers over the northern hemisphere: closed field lines below 200 km, open field lines with foot points at lower latitudes that pass over the northern hemisphere from 200 to 400 km, and draped interplanetary magnetic field above 400 km. This study also identifies open field lines with one end attached to the dayside ionosphere and the other end connected with the solar wind, providing a path for ion outflow.
Double sporadic metal layers as observed by colocated Fe and Na lidars at Wuhan, China
Authors: Wang Xiaodong , Yi Fan , Huang Kaiming 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we report a set of double sporadic layer events observed by Fe and Na lidars over Wuhan, China. The two sporadic metal layers above normal layer were named as upper and middle sporadic metal layers, respectively. In these events, the upper, middle, and normal Fe layers presented altitude separately. There were nine double sporadic Fe events observed in 163 nights during 2010–2013. Eight of the nine events were observed in summer. The maximum ratios of peak density for upper and middle sporadic Fe layers to normal Fe layer were up to ~375% and ~225%, respectively. The peak altitudes of upper (middle) sporadic Fe layers were in the range of 102–107 km (95–98.5 km). The double sporadic Fe layers lasted more than 2 h. Interestingly, we found that density enhancement occurred simultaneously in upper, middle, and normal Fe layers on two events. On the nine Fe events, there existed five nights of colocated Na lidar observations. We found that double sporadic Na and Fe layers simultaneously appeared. They presented similar structures, altitudes, and temporal variations in all five compared events. A little different from Fe, the middle sporadic Na layer was not separated from Na main layer maybe for the wide altitude range of Na main layer. The ratios of upper (middle) sporadic Fe and Na peak values were in the range of 6.6–52 (0.57–6.58). While the exact formation mechanism responsible for double sporadic metal layers is still unclear, some possible explanations and corresponding observations are discussed.
Modeling the compressibility of Saturn's magnetosphere in response to internal and external influences
Authors: Sorba A. M. , Achilleos N. A. , Guio P. , Arridge C. S. , Pilkington N. M. , Masters A. , Sergis N. , Coates A. J. , Dougherty M. K. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe location of a planetary magnetopause is principally determined by the balance between solar wind dynamic pressure DP and magnetic and plasma pressures inside the magnetopause boundary. Previous empirical studies assumed that Saturn's magnetopause standoff distance varies as
and measured a constant compressibility parameter α corresponding to behavior intermediate between a vacuum dipole appropriate for Earth (α≈6) and a more easily compressible case appropriate for Jupiter (α≈4). In this study we employ a 2‐D force balance model of Saturn's magnetosphere to investigate magnetospheric compressibility in response to changes in DP and global hot plasma content. For hot plasma levels compatible with Saturn observations, we model the magnetosphere at a range of standoff distances and estimate the corresponding DP values by assuming pressure balance across the magnetopause boundary. We find that for “average” hot plasma levels, our estimates of α are not constant with DP but vary from ∼4.8 for high DP conditions, when the magnetosphere is compressed (≤25 RS), to ∼3.5 for low DP conditions. This corresponds to the magnetosphere becoming more easily compressible as it expands. We find that the global hot plasma content influences magnetospheric compressibility even at fixed DP, with α estimates ranging from ∼5.4 to ∼3.3 across the range of our parameterized hot plasma content. We suggest that this behavior is predominantly driven by reconfiguration of the magnetospheric magnetic field into a more disk‐like structure under such conditions. In a broader context, the compressibility of the magnetopause reveals information about global stress balance in the magnetosphere.
Daytime ion and electron temperatures in the topside ionosphere at middle latitudes
Authors: Hsu Chih‐Te , Heelis Roderick A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn the topside ionosphere during the daytime, the thermal electrons are directly heated by photoelectron fluxes from the local and conjugate hemispheres. The heat is lost primarily through conduction to the regions below where collisions with the ions provide the cooling. Ions are heated by collisions with both the electrons and ions and are cooled primarily by conduction to lower altitudes where the heat is lost to collisions with the neutral gas. Here we examine the effects of ion composition on the ion and electron temperatures in the midlatitude topside ionosphere during daytime using data from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F15 satellite in 2004–2006. The variations of electron and ion temperature with plasma density and composition indicate how the heat is exchanged between the different constituent ions and the role played by the solar zenith angle and the solar ionizing flux (F10.7). The observations show that the daytime temperature difference between the O+ and electron is smallest when the fractional contribution of H+ is the highest. In such an environment the electrons transfer heat to the H+ then to the O+ through ion‐ion collisions.
Gradual reduction in ionospheric F2 region before the 2013 Lushan earthquake: Contributed to the forthcoming earthquake or solar activity?
Authors: Xu T. , Feng J. , Wu J. , Ge S. C. , Hu Y. L. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIonospheric anomalies before earthquakes during geomagnetic quiet conditions have been extensively discussed due to the importance of earthquake prediction. However, because of the high variability of ionosphere, a real caution should be adopted before attributing the observations to seismo‐ionospheric precursors. In an investigation of contradictory results in ionospheric variation before the 2013 Lushan earthquake, we examine the ionospheric variation versus solar activity. In order to assess the influence of solar activity of 27 day periodicity on ionospheric variation, a quadratic regression model is developed by using the data of F2 layer critical frequency (foF2) in April of 2008–2014. Using the model, ionospheric variation before the 2013 Lushan earthquake is analyzed. The results show that foF2 was strongly correlated with solar activity index, F10.7, and had a low correlation with the remaining by eliminating the contribution of solar radiation, which indicates that the gradual reduction in foF2 before the earthquake was contributed to the variation of solar radiation rather than the forthcoming earthquake.
Laboratory observations of temperature and humidity dependencies of nucleation and growth rates of sub‐3 nm particles
Authors: Yu Huan , Dai Liang , Zhao Yi , Kanawade Vijay P. , Tripathi Sachchida N. , Ge Xinlei , Chen Mindong , Lee Shan‐Hu 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTemperature and relative humidity (RH) are the most important thermodynamic parameters in aerosol formation, yet laboratory studies of nucleation and growth dependencies on temperature and RH are lacking. Here we report the experimentally observed temperature and RH dependences of sulfuric acid aerosol nucleation and growth. Experiments were performed in a flow tube in the temperature range from 248 to 313 K, RH from 0.8% to 79%, and relative acidity (RA) of sulfuric acid from 6 × 10−5 to 0.38 (2 × 107–109 cm−3). The impurity levels of base compounds were determined to be NH3 < 23 pptv (parts per thousand by volume), methylamine < 1.5 pptv, and dimethylamine < 0.52 pptv. Our results showed that low temperatures favor nucleation at fixed sulfuric acid concentration but impede nucleation when RA is fixed. It is also shown that binary nucleation of sulfuric acid and water is negligible in planetary boundary layer temperature and sulfuric acid ranges. An empirical algorithm was derived to correlate the nucleation rate with RA, RH, and temperature together. Collision‐limited condensation of free‐sulfuric acid molecules fails to predict the observed growth rate in the sub‐3 nm size range, as well as its dependence on temperature and RH. This suggests that evaporation, sulfuric acid hydration, and possible involvement of other ternary molecules should be considered for the sub‐3 nm particle growth.
Technical Efficiency in Chilean Agribusiness Industry: A Metafrontier Approach
Authors: Lakner Sebastian , Brenes‐Muñoz Thelma , Brümmer Bernhard 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThis study models the technical efficiency in the Chilean agribusiness industry between 2001 and 2007 by taking into consideration the structural differences between the different subsectors meat, fruit & vegetables, dairy, milling, and bakery. We analyze firm data from the Annual National Industrial Survey (ENIA) totaling 2,940 observations using a stochastic frontier model combined with a metafrontier model. We observe dynamic developments in the subsectors meat, fruit & vegetables, and dairy, with a pronounced export‐orientation. We show that especially meat and fruit & vegetables firms have experienced positive technological change, whereas dairy firms are exhibiting a slight decrease in efficiency and technical change. The milling and bakery subsectors, which mainly produce for the domestic market, show a rather constant status in efficiency and technical change. The results confirm that an in‐depth analysis of subsectors is necessary to evaluate the competitiveness of the agribusiness industry in Chile. [EconLit citations: D24; Q13].
How Much Do Consumers Value Protected Designation of Origin Certifications? Estimates of willingness to Pay for PDO Dry‐Cured Ham in Italy
Authors: Garavaglia Christian , Mariani Paolo 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThis study investigates consumers’ preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for protected designation of origin certifications. First, the paper proposes the use of a new index in food studies to measure WTP. We focus on dry‐cured ham in Italy. Our results add a geographical dimension to studies of consumer preferences by providing evidence of the existence of differences based on place of residence. Consumers who live in the same area where certified ham is produced are willing to pay a lower premium price than consumers living farther away are willing to pay: the closer consumers live to the area of production of the certified product, the less they refer to extrinsic certification cues [EconLit citations: Q11; D12; C35].
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A prognostic model comprising only two biomarkers (IGHV mutational status and FISH cytogenetics) separates patients with different outcome and simplifies the CLL‐IPI
Authors: Delgado Julio , Doubek Michael , Baumann Tycho , Kotaskova Jana , Molica Stefano , Mozas Pablo , Rivas‐Delgado Alfredo , Morabito Fortunato , Pospisilova Sarka , Montserrat Emili 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRai and Binet staging systems are important to predict the outcome of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) but do not reflect the biologic diversity of the disease nor predict response to therapy, which ultimately shape patients' outcome. We devised a biomarkers‐only CLL prognostic system based on the two most important prognostic parameters in CLL (i.e., IGHV mutational status and fluorescence in situ hybridization [FISH] cytogenetics), separating three different risk groups: (1) low‐risk (mutated IGHV + no adverse FISH cytogenetics [del(17p), del(11q)]); (2) intermediate‐risk (either unmutated IGHV or adverse FISH cytogenetics) and (3) high‐risk (unmutated IGHV + adverse FISH cytogenetics). In 524 unselected subjects with CLL, the 10‐year overall survival was 82% (95% CI 76%‐88%), 52% (45%‐62%), and 27% (17%‐42%) for the low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk groups, respectively. Patients with low‐risk comprised around 50% of the series and had a life expectancy comparable to the general population. The prognostic model was fully validated in two independent cohorts, including 417 patients representative of general CLL population and 337 patients with Binet stage A CLL. The model had a similar discriminatory value as the CLL‐IPI. Moreover, it applied to all patients with CLL independently of age, and separated patients with different risk within Rai or Binet clinical stages. The biomarkers‐only CLL prognostic system presented here simplifies the CLL‐IPI and could be useful in daily practice and to stratify patients in clinical trials.