bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface modification of light hollow polymer microspheres and its application in external wall thermal insulation coatings
Authors: Ye Chao , Wen Xiufang , Lan Jia-ling , Cai Zhi-qi , Pi Pi-hui , Xu Shou-ping , Qian Yu 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to modify light hollow polymer microsphere (LHPM) with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) to improve its compatibility with latex and apply the obtained nano-TiO2/LHPM composite particles in external wall thermal insulation coatings.

Design/methodology/approach
– The nano-TiO2/LHPM composite particles were prepared via vigorous stirring. The morphology and chemical composition of the produced nano-TiO2/LHPM composite particles were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersion spectrum, thermo-gravimetric analyzer and Fourier transform infrared. The performance of this new composite coating was evaluated by checking its stability, density, radiation reflectivity, thermal conductivity and the resulting insulation temperature difference when forming coating film.

Findings
– It was found that a 9:1 mass ratio of nano-TiO2/LHPM with total 10 weight per cent composite particles in the thermal insulation paint showed low density, good stability, low thermal conductivity (0.1687 W/m·K) and high insulation temperature difference (5.8°C).

Research limitations/implications
– The LHPM can be modified by other nanoparticles to improve its insulation performance in thermal insulation coatings.

Practical implications
– This work provides a simple, robust, but effective approach to produce new thermal insulation coatings with nano-TiO2/LHPM composite particles.

Originality/value
– This method for surface modification of LHPMs is novel and the modified hollow polymer microspheres could be applied to external wall insulation coatings.
Synthesis of azo disperse dyes containing pyridine ring for dyeing polyester and polyacrylic fibres
Authors: Fadda A.A. , Abbas N.S. 
Published: January 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to discuss the synthesis of new azo disperse dyes containing pyridine ring for dyeing acetate polyester and other fibres.Design/methodology/approach– Cycloaddition reaction of 3-formylchromone (Compound 1) with ethyl vinyl ether (Compound 2) afforded 3-ethoxy-4,4a-dihyro-3H,10H-pyrano[4,3-b]chromen-10-one (Compound 3). Reaction of 3 with aqueous ammonium sulphite in ethanol furnishes 3-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)pyridine (Compound 5). Compound 5 was fully characterised by spectroscopic techniques. Ten arylazo derivatives of Compound 6 have been prepared for use as dyestuffs. The effect of the nature and orientation of substituents in the diazonium component on the colour of azo dyes is discussed. Dyeing performance of the dyes on different fibres has also been assessed.Findings– Most of the dyes showed good affinity to polyester fibres. On the other hand, polyacrylic fibres were only stained to weak shades.Originality/value– No details regarding the synthesis and dyeing performance of such dyes are reported before in the literature.
Preparation of LX1180-SO3− and the comparative study on the adsorption behaviour of LX1180 and LX1180-SO3−
Authors: Huo Ting , Chen Zhenbin , Long Jiapeng , Kang Lei , Di Duolong , Du Xueyan 
Published: January 2016

Purpose
– This work focused on the sulphonation modification research of highly crosslinking non-polarity macroporous adsorption resin (MAR) LX1180; the adsorption behaviour of LX1180 and its chloromethylation- and sulphonation-modified products (LX1180-Cl and LX1180-SO3−); and the inﬂuence of the structure parameters matching degree of MAR and ﬂavonoids on the adsorption feature and adsorption kinetics.

Design/methodology/approach
– LX1180-SO3− was obtained by the processes of chloromethylation first and then sulphonation. LX1180-Cl and LX1180-SO3− were prepared through the principle of substitution reaction from LX1180 and LX1180-Cl, respectively. First, Monochloromethyl ether (ME), pre-treated ZnCl2, NaCl and iron powder were added into the swollen LX1180 to obtain the chloromethylated LX1180. Thereafter, NaCl, NaOH and SAA were added into the swollen LX1180-Cl to obtain the sulphonation modification LX1180. The conditions were investigated and optimised; the structures of LX1180-Cl and LX1180-SO3− were characterised by Fourier transform infrared chromatography (FTIR) and a specific surface area instrument. Finally, the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm were used to evaluate the adsorption capacity of LX1180-Cl and LX1180-SO3− for flavonoids, and the adsorptions and desorptions of LX1180-SO3− with different sulphonation degree on different flavonoids were investigated systemically.

Findings
– Results showed that LX1180-Cl and LX1180-SO3− had been prepared successfully, and that after the sulphonation, the adsorption capacity tended to increase with the increase of adsorption time, and the equilibrium adsorption capacity of LX1180-SO3− was also higher than that of LX1180.

Research limitations/implications
– The research only investigated the adsorption and desorption properties for only one kind of functional group, and other functional groups should also be studied in future work.

Practical implications
– This contribution can provide a further base for the research of separation and purification of natural products with the aim to improve food additive removal or isolation and purification of flavonoids used for healthcare applications.

Originality/value
– The adsorptions and desorptions of LX1180-SO3− with different sulphonation degree on different flavonoids were investigated. The relationship between sulphonation degree and the adsorption and desorption capacities of flavonoids were also explored, and the results showed that with the increase of sulphonation degree, the adsorption of LX1180-SO3− to rutin and cyanidin was maximum, while the desorption ratio was minimum at the same sulphonation degree; this phenomenon could be ascribed to the variation in the polarity matching degree.
Integrated regulation of the cellular metabolism and function of immune cells in adipose tissue
Authors: Oishi Yumiko , Manabe Ichiro 
Published: January 2016

SummaryObesity is known to associate with low‐grade, sustained, systemic inflammation, which is considered to be a key pathological basis for obesity‐associated diseases such as diabetes and atherosclerosis. Immune cells, including both lymphocytes and macrophages, play physiological and pathological roles in adipose tissue. They increasingly infiltrate obese adipose tissue as body weight is gained, after which the infiltrated cells promote adipose tissue inflammation and strongly impact systemic metabolism. Recent studies have shown that the immune and metabolic systems are highly integrated with one another. This recognition has provided new insight into the mechanisms of metabolic diseases. In addition to the link at the tissue level, studies have shown that immune cell function is coordinately regulated with cellular metabolism. This review summarizes the current understanding of the specific metabolic signatures adopted by lymphocytes and macrophages to mediate proper effecter function. These findings will be related to the regulation of adipose tissue homeostasis and inflammation.
Peritoneal Dialysis Registry With 2012 Survey Report
Authors: Hasegawa Takeshi , Nakai Shigeru , Moriishi Misaki , Ito Yasuhiko , Itami Noritomo , Masakane Ikuto , Hanafusa Norio , Taniguchi Masatomo , Hamano Takayuki , Shoji Tetsuo , Yamagata Kunihiro , Shinoda Toshio , Kazama Junichiro , Watanabe Yuzo , Shigematsu Takashi , Marubayashi Seiji , Morita Osamu , Wada Atsushi , Hashimoto Seiji , Suzuki Kazuyuki , Kimata Naoki , Wakai Kenji , Fujii Naohiko , Ogata Satoshi , Tsuchida Kenji , Nishi Hiroshi , Iseki Kunitoshi , Tsubakihara Yoshiharu , Nakamoto Hidetomo 
Published: January 2016

AbstractSince 2009, the peritoneal dialysis (PD) registry survey has been carried out as part of the annual nationwide survey conducted by the Statistical Survey Committee of the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy with the cooperation of the Japanese Society for Peritoneal Dialysis. In this report, the current status of PD patients is presented on the basis of the results of the survey conducted at the end of 2012. The subjects were PD patients who lived in Japan and participated in the 2012 survey. Descriptive analysis of various items was performed, which included the current status of the combined use of PD and another dialysis method such as hemodialysis (HD) or hemodiafiltration (HDF), the method of exchanging dialysate, the use of an automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) machine, and the rates of peritonitis and catheter exit‐site infection. From the results of the facility survey in 2012, the number of PD patients was 9514, a decrease of 128 from 2011. Among the entire dialysis patient population, 3.1% were PD patients, a decrease of 0.1%. Among the studied patients, 347 had a peritoneal catheter and underwent peritoneal lavage, 175 were started on PD in 2012 but introduced to other blood purification methods in the same year, and 1932 underwent both PD and another dialysis method such as HD or HDF. The percentage of patients who underwent PD and another dialysis method increased with PD vintage: <1 year, 4.8%; 1 to <2 years, 9.2%; 2 to <4 years, 16.3%; 4 to <8 years, 32.0%; and ≥8 years, 47.5%. The percentage of PD patients who completely manually exchanged the dialysate was 29.8%. The percentages of PD patients who used a double‐bag exchange system with ultraviolet‐light irradiation and those who used the same system but with a sterile connecting device were 54.7 and 13.9%, respectively. The percentage of patients on PD for <1 year using an APD machine was 43.4%, and it decreased with a PD vintage of ≥2 years. The mean rate of peritonitis was 0.22 per patient per year. The mean rate of catheter exit‐site infections was 0.36 per patient per year.
Once‐daily liraglutide (1.2 mg) compared with twice‐daily exenatide (10 μg) in the treatment of type 2 diabetes patients: An indirect treatment comparison meta‐analysis
Authors: Twigg Stephen M. , Daja Mirella M. , O’leary Beth A. , Adena Michael A. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundGlucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists provide effective hyperglycemia management in patients with type 2 diabetes. In a randomized head‐to‐head trial, liraglutide 1.8 mg q.d. led to greater reductions in HbA1c than exenatide 10 μg b.i.d. There are no direct comparisons of liraglutide 1.2 mg q.d. and exenatide b.i.d.; therefore, in the present study, an indirect comparison and meta‐analysis were undertaken.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed for randomized controlled trials of liraglutide 1.2 mg q.d. or exenatide b.i.d. with HbA1c as an outcome and ≥25 subjects. Key data were extracted and analyzed. A random‐effects model was used to incorporate heterogeneity between studies.ResultsThree liraglutide 1.2 mg q.d. (n = 1060) and 10 exenatide b.i.d. (n = 2609) placebo‐controlled studies were identified, allowing indirect comparison with placebo as the common arm. Baseline characteristics were mean age ~55 years, disease duration ~7 years, HbA1c ~8%, and body mass index ~32 kg/m2. Compared with exenatide b.i.d., liraglutide 1.2 mg was associated with significantly greater reductions from baseline in HbA1c (–0.29%; 95% confidence interval [CI] –0.53, –0.05) and fasting plasma glucose (–0.92 mmol/L; 95% CI –1.43, –0.41), with shorter duration of nausea (3 vs 14 days; P = 0.002) and fewer withdrawals (odds ratio 0.34; 95% CI 0.22, 0.52). The incidence of adverse events (including nausea) and withdrawals because of adverse events were similar between treatments.ConclusionsLiraglutide 1.2 mg provided a significantly greater reduction in HbA1c than exenatide 10 μg b.i.d. The significantly shorter duration of nausea with liraglutide than exenatide may be appreciated by patients.
Mitochondrial metabolites extend lifespan
Authors: Mishur Robert J. , Khan Maruf , Munkácsy Erin , Sharma Lokendra , Bokov Alex , Beam Haley , Radetskaya Oxana , Borror Megan , Lane Rebecca , Bai Yidong , Rea Shane L. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryDisruption of mitochondrial respiration in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans can extend lifespan. We previously showed that long‐lived respiratory mutants generate elevated amounts of α‐ketoacids. These compounds are structurally related to α‐ketoglutarate, suggesting they may be biologically relevant. Here, we show that provision of several such metabolites to wild‐type worms is sufficient to extend their life. At least one mode of action is through stabilization of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 (HIF‐1). We also find that an α‐ketoglutarate mimetic, 2,4‐pyridinedicarboxylic acid (2,4‐PDA), is alone sufficient to increase the lifespan of wild‐type worms and this effect is blocked by removal of HIF‐1. HIF‐1 is constitutively active in isp‐1(qm150) Mit mutants, and accordingly, 2,4‐PDA does not further increase their lifespan. Incubation of mouse 3T3‐L1 fibroblasts with life‐prolonging α‐ketoacids also results in HIF‐1α stabilization. We propose that metabolites that build up following mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction form a novel mode of cell signaling that acts to regulate lifespan.
Priorities of Care Among Older Adults in the Emergency Department: A Cross‐sectional Study
Authors: Hunold Katherine M. , Pereira Gregory F. , Jones Christopher W. , Isaacs Cameron G. , Braz Valerie A. , Gadi Sneha R. , Platts‐Mills Timothy F. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjectivesEmergency departments (EDs) are an increasingly important site of care for older adults, but little is known about the priorities of emergency care in this population. We sought to describe and rank priorities of care among older adults receiving care in the ED.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study of cognitively intact patients aged 65 years and older receiving care in two U.S. EDs. Participants provided up to three open‐ended responses to a single question asking what would make their ED visit successful, useful, or valuable. A literature review and patient responses were used to generate priority categories and larger metacategories. Each response was then assigned to one of the categories by independent reviewers. We report the percentage of patients identifying a priority in each category and metacategory and the relative weight of each category based on the frequency and order of priorities provided by patients.ResultsA total of 185 participants provided 351 priorities. Twenty‐four categories and seven metacategories were identified. Sixty‐two percent (N = 114) of participants reported at least one priority in the “evaluation, treatment, and outcomes” metacategory. Of these, the most common priorities included treatment of the medical problem (n = 37, 20%), accurate diagnosis (n = 36, 19%), competent staff and provider (n = 28, 15%), and desirable health outcome (n = 24, 13%). The second and third most common metacategories were “timely care” (n = 67, 36%), and “service” (n = 38, 21%). Nineteen patients (10%) expressed a desire to be discharged; one patient (1%) expressed a desire for admission. The ranking of weighted priorities were identical to the unweighted rank order by frequency.ConclusionsAmong a sample of cognitively intact older ED patients, the most common priorities were related to the accuracy and efficiency of the medical evaluation. These priorities should be considered by those attempting to improve the emergency care of older adults.
Cost‐effectiveness Analysis of Follow‐up Strategies for Thunderclap Headache Patients With Negative Noncontrast CT
Authors: Malhotra Ajay , Wu Xiao , Kalra Vivek B. , Schindler Joseph , Forman Howard P. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjectivesAccurate diagnosis of acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is critical in thunderclap headache patients due to high morbidity and mortality associated with missed aneurysmal bleeds. The objective of this study was to determine the utility of computed tomography angiography (CTA) in managing patients with acute, severe headaches and negative noncontrast CT and assess the cost‐effectiveness of three different screening strategies—no follow up, CTA, and lumbar puncture (LP).MethodsA modeling‐based economic evaluation was performed with a time horizon of 1 year for thunderclap headache patients in the emergency department with negative noncontrast CT for SAH. Sensitivity analyses were performed to determine the effect of sensitivity of CT and the prevalence of SAH on cost‐effectiveness.ResultsLumbar puncture follow‐up has the lowest cost and the highest utility in the mathematical model. The Monte Carlo simulation shows noncontrast CT with LP follow‐up to be the most cost‐effective strategy in 85.3% of all cases even at a $1 million/quality‐adjusted life‐years willingness‐to‐pay. Sensitivity analyses demonstrate that LP follow‐up should be performed, except for when CT sensitivity exceeds 99.2% and the SAH prevalence is below 3.2%, where no follow‐up may be considered.ConclusionsAlthough CTA is frequently used for evaluation of thunderclap headache patients, its utility is not clearly defined. LP follow‐up is shown to be the most cost‐effective strategy for evaluation of thunderclap headache patients in most clinical settings.
Intra‐Amniotic Administration of HMGB1 Induces Spontaneous Preterm Labor and Birth
Authors: Gomez‐Lopez Nardhy , Romero Roberto , Plazyo Olesya , Panaitescu Bogdan , Furcron Amy E. , Miller Derek , Roumayah Tamara , Flom Emily , Hassan Sonia S. 
Published: January 2016

ProblemSterile intra‐amniotic inflammation is associated with spontaneous preterm labor. Alarmins are proposed to mediate this inflammatory process. The aim of this study was to determine whether intra‐amniotic administration of an alarmin, HMGB1, could induce preterm labor/birth.Method of StudyPregnant B6 mice were intra‐amniotically or intraperitoneally injected with HMGB1 or PBS (control). Following injection, the gestational age and the rates of preterm birth and pup mortality were recorded.ResultsIntra‐amniotic injection of HMGB1 led to preterm labor/birth [HMGB1 57% (4/7) versus PBS 0% (0/6); P = 0.049) and a high rate of pup mortality at week 1 [HMGB1 60.9 ± 11.7% (25/41) versus PBS 28.9 ± 12.6% (11/38); P = 0.001). Intraperitoneal injection of HMGB1 did not induce preterm labor/birth.ConclusionIntra‐amniotic administration of HMGB1 induces preterm labor/birth.
Review: Aberrant EVI1 expression in acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Hinai Adil A. , Valk Peter J. M. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryDeregulated expression of the ecotropic virus integration site 1 (EVI1) gene is the molecular hallmark of therapy‐resistant myeloid malignancies bearing chromosomal inv(3)(q21q26·2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26·2) [hereafter referred to as inv(3)/t(3;3)] abnormalities. EVI1 is a haematopoietic stemness and transcription factor with chromatin remodelling activity. Interestingly, the EVI1 gene also shows overexpression in 6–11% of adult acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cases that do not carry any 3q aberrations. Deregulated expression of EVI1 is strongly associated with monosomy 7 and 11q23 abnormalities, which are known to be associated with poor response to treatment. However, EVI1 overexpression has been revealed as an important independent adverse prognostic marker in adult AML and defines distinct risk categories in 11q23‐rearranged AML. Recently, important progress has been made in the delineation of the mechanism by which EVI1 becomes deregulated in inv(3)/t(3;3) as well as the cooperating mutations in this specific subset of AML with dismal prognosis.
Persistent cytotoxic T lymphocyte expansions after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: kinetics, clinical impact and absence of STAT3 mutations
Authors: Muñoz‐Ballester Julia , Chen‐Liang Tzu H. , Hurtado Ana M. , Heras Inmaculada , de Arriba Felipe , García‐Malo María D. , Iniesta Pastora , Lozano María L. , Nieto José B. , Ortuño Francisco J. , Osma María del M. , Padilla José , Teruel‐Montoya Raúl , Vicente Vicente , Castilla‐Llorente Cristina , Jerez Andrés 
Published: January 2016

SummaryPeripheral expansion of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) derived from the graft in the initial stages of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) immune recovery is a well‐known physiological event. The description of symptomatic large granular lymphocyte leukaemia in this setting may generate uncertainty, mostly in those cases in which the CTL expansion (CTLe) persists beyond the early transplantation period. We aimed to assess the nature of CTLe during the post‐alloHSCT period in 154 adult patients with a long‐term surveillance. We studied the longitudinal kinetics of those expansions, their relationship to clinical events, and their phenotypic and molecular features, including recently reported CTL leukaemia‐STAT3 mutations. Persistent relative CTLe cases are frequent (49%), related with thymoglobulin prophylaxis (P ≤ 0·001), acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD, P = 0·02), and reduced intensity conditioning (P = 0·04). Absolute CTLe are scarce (9%) and related to chronic GVHD. T cell receptor rearrangement was reported as clonal and oligoclonal in the majority of patients with CTLe. The absence of STAT3 mutations and the CD8/CD4 declining longitudinal kinetics in the late period supports its benign nature, expressed clinically by the null detrimental impact of these expansions on post‐transplant outcome and/or serious infectious events.
Concurrent detection of targeted copy number variants and mutations using a myeloid malignancy next generation sequencing panel allows comprehensive genetic analysis using a single testing strategy
Authors: Shen Wei , Szankasi Philippe , Sederberg Maria , Schumacher Jonathan , Frizzell Kimberly A. , Gee Elaine P. , Patel Jay L. , South Sarah T. , Xu Xinjie , Kelley Todd W. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryCurrently, comprehensive genetic testing of myeloid malignancies requires multiple testing strategies with high costs. Somatic mutations can be detected by next generation sequencing (NGS) but copy number variants (CNVs) require cytogenetic methods including karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybidization and microarray. Here, we evaluated a new method for CNV detection using read depth data derived from a targeted NGS mutation panel. In a cohort of 270 samples, we detected pathogenic mutations in 208 samples and targeted CNVs in 68 cases. The most frequent CNVs were 7q deletion including LUC7L2 and EZH2, TP53 deletion, ETV6 deletion, gain of RAD21 on 8q, and 5q deletion, including NSD1 and NPM1. We were also able to detect exon‐level duplications, including so‐called KMT2A (MLL) partial tandem duplication, in 9 cases. In the 63 cases that were negative for mutations, targeted CNVs were observed in 4 cases. Targeted CNV detection by NGS had very high concordance with single nucleotide polymorphism microarray, the current gold standard. We found that ETV6 deletion was strongly associated with TP53 alterations and 7q deletion was associated with mutations in TP53, KRAS and IDH1. This proof‐of‐concept study demonstrates the feasibility of using the same NGS data to simultaneously detect both somatic mutations and targeted CNVs.
Technological change, occupational tasks and declining immigrant outcomes: Implications for earnings and income inequality in Canada
Authors: Warman Casey , Worswick Christopher 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe earnings and occupational task requirements of immigrants to Canada are analyzed. The growing education levels of immigrants in the 1990s have not led to a large improvement in earnings as one might expect if growing computerization and the resulting technological change was leading to a rising return to non‐routine cognitive skills and a greater wage return to university education. Controlling for education, we find a pronounced cross‐arrival cohort decline in earnings that coincided with cross‐cohort declines in cognitive occupational task requirements and cross‐cohort increases in manual occupational task requirements. The immigrant earnings outcomes had only a small effect on overall Canadian earnings inequality.