bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computation-Assisted Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Synthesis for Extraction of Naltrexone from Urine Using Experimental Design and Determination by UPLC–DAD
Authors: Rahmani Mahdiyeh Ebrahimi , Ansari Mehdi , Nateghi Mohammadreza , Kazemipour Maryam 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
To design a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for naltrexone, calculations were performed using Gaussian 03 software,and the interaction energy (ΔE) of template–monomer complexes was estimated using the density functional theory method with the B3LYP function and 6-311G (d) basis set. The effect of different solvents in the polymerization process was studied using the polarizable continuum model. It was shown that five molecules of methacrylic acid gave the largestΔE with tetrahydrofuran as the polymerization solvent.Effective factors of the removal efficiency of naltrexone by the MIP were selected using a central composite design, and thereafter, the optimization of significant factors was performed by response surface methodology. The results predicted through these models showed good agreement with experimental values. The adsorption amount, selectivity distribution coefficient, and selectivity coefficient were found to be 11.60 mg/g, 35.31, and 2.27, respectively. Experiments of naltrexone adsorption onto the MIP were in accordance with the first-orderand Langmuir-Freundlich adsorption models. By applying the data to the Scatchard equation, the KD and Qmax were determined as 526.31 mg/L and 19.47 mg/g, respectively.
Validated Spectrophotometric and RP-HPLC–DAD Methods for the Determination of Ursodeoxycholic Acid Based on Derivatization with 2-Nitrophenylhydrazine
Authors: El-Kafrawy Dina S , Belal Tarek S , Mahrous Mohamed S , Abdel-Khalek Magdi M , Abo-Gharam Amira H 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This work describes the development, validation, and application of two simple, accurate, and reliable methods for the determination of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in bulk powder and in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The carboxylic acid group in UDCA was exploited for the development of these novel methods. Method 1 is the colorimetric determination of the drug based on its reaction with 2-nitrophenylhydrazine hydrochloride in the presence of a water-soluble carbodiimide coupler [1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride] and pyridine to produce an acid hydrazide derivative, which ionizes to yield an intense violet color with maximum absorption at 553 nm. Method 2 uses reversed-phase HPLC with diode-array detection for the determination of UDCA after precolumn derivatization using the same reaction mentioned above. The acid hydrazide reaction product was separated using a Pinnacle DB C8 column (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 μm particle size) and a mobile phase consisting of 0.01 M acetate buffer (pH 3)–methanol–acetonitrile (30 + 30 + 40, v/v/v) isocratically pumped at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Ibuprofen was used as the internal standard (IS). The peaks of the reaction product and IS were monitored at 400 nm. Different experimental parameters for both methods were carefully optimized. Analytical performance of the developed methods were statistically validated for linearity,range, precision, accuracy, specificity, robustness, LOD, and LOQ. Calibration curves showed good linear relationships for concentration ranges 32–192 and 60–600 μg/mL for methods 1 and 2, respectively. The proposed methods were successfully applied for the assay of UDCA in bulk form, capsules, and oral suspension with good accuracy and precision. Assay results were statistically compared with a reference pharmacopeial HPLC method, and no significant differences were observed between proposed and reference methods.
Validation of Medi·Ca EC Method for AOAC Research Institute Performance Tested MethodsSM Certification
Authors: Shimizu Mai , Saito Fumihiko , Takenaka Kentaro , Kimura Narumi , Suzuki Takeo , Iwase Tatsuhiko , Kyotani Hitoshi 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
A ready-made dry medium method for Escherichia coli and coliform count, the Medi·CaEC method, was compared with the most probable number (MPN) method using Brilliant Green Lactose Bile broth and E. coli broth (AOAC INTERNATIONAL Official MethodSM966.24) for seven food matrixes: raw beef, raw pork, raw frozen pork, raw lamb, raw salmon, frankfurter sausage, and cooked ham. The mean difference between the two methods at each contamination level for each matrix was &lt;0.5 log10, and the 95% confidence intervals for the mean differences fell within the range of –0.5 to 0.5, with the exception of a few cases in the independent laboratory study. sr andRSDr values of the Medi·Ca EC method were generally lower than those of the MPN method, and r2 ranged from 0.91 to 0.99. Product consistency and stability studies showed little variability between production lots and the shelf-life of 20 months. An incubation time within the range of 22–26 hdid not adversely affect the results; however, variations in sample volume did affect final counts. These results showed that the Medi·Ca EC method is a reasonable alternative to the reference method forthe selected food matrixes and makes it possible to simultaneously detect and enumerate E. coli and coliform in only 24 h.
PREVALÊNCIA DE ASMA EM ESCOLARES DA REDE PÚBLICA DE ENSINO NO MUNICÍPIO DE URUGUAIANA/RS
Authors: Rizzetti Danize Aparecida , Teodósio Guilherme De Freitas , Juchem Renato Saraiva , Wiggers Giulia Alessandra 
Published: January 2017

Este estudo objetiva estimar a prevalência de sintomas de asma e de provável asma em escolares de Uruguaiana, estado do Rio Grande do Sul, e relacioná-los com possíveis fatores de risco. Para isso, participaram do estudo 391 crianças e adolescentes nas faixas etárias de 6-7 e 13-14 anos, tanto do gênero feminino quanto masculino, cujos responsáveis preencheram corretamente o questionário ISAAC fase I aplicado durante o período de janeiro a novembro de 2015. A prevalência de asma relacionada aos sintomas e fatores de risco na população escolar de Uruguaiana foi de 15%, correspondendo 19% na faixa etária de 6-7 anos e 12% na faixa etária de 13-14 anos. Não houve relação estabelecida entre prevalência de sintomas asmáticos e fatores ambientais. Conclui-se que a prevalência de sintomas asmáticos e de provável asma é similar as outras cidades do RS. Descritores: Asma; Escolares; Questionário ISAAC.
O TRABALHAR E O ESTUDAR NO CONTEXTO UNIVERSITÁRIO: UMA ABORDAGEM COM TRABALHADORES-ESTUDANTES
Authors: Maier Suellen Rodrigues de Oliveira , Mattos Magda De 
Published: January 2017

O estudo teve como objetivo compreender a relação entre o trabalhar e o estudar, de estudantes de Enfermagem que exercem concomitante a atividade de Técnicos em Enfermagem, inseridos no curso de graduação em Enfermagem em uma universidade pública do Mato Grosso. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo com abordagem qualitativa, cuja coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com cinco trabalhadores-estudantes, as quais foram analisadas por meio da Análise de Conteúdo. Como resultados emergiram as seguintes categorias: “Universidade x Atividade Laboral”, no qual foram abordadas, principalmente, as dificuldades oriundas ao trabalho e ao estudo e “Conciliando as atividades acadêmicas e as atividades laborais” evidenciando as estratégias elaboradas pelos acadêmicos a fim de finalizar o percurso acadêmico com êxito. O estudo indicou a necessidade de que, a política de permanência para os estudantes da educação superior pública estenda seus benefícios ao trabalhador-estudante, visto que é cada vez mais frequente a sua presença nesse nível de ensino. Descritores: Educação Superior; Educação em Enfermagem; Enfermagem.
IMPORTÂNCIA DE CAPACITAÇÃO SOBRE A PROBLEMÁTICA DO ÁLCOOL: PERCEPÇÃO CRÍTICA DOS PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Zerbetto Sonia Regina , Maciel Luciana Dagmar 
Published: January 2017

Os programas de capacitação para profissionais de saúde devem ser constantes e enfocar a necessidade de reformulações. O objetivo deste estudo é apreender a percepção destes trabalhadores sobre a importância da capacitação e a implementação do instrumento de rastreamento para álcool e intervenção breve na rede de saúde, após terem realizado tal atividade. Um estudo qualitativo foi realizado no período de setembro a novembro de 2012, com nove trabalhadores de saúde, participantes do processo de treinamento utilizando-se da entrevista semiestruturada e análise de conteúdo Bardin. Os resultados apontaram dificuldades relacionadas às condições objetivas de trabalho, tais como, falta de recursos materiais e humanos, sobrecarga de trabalho e falta de tempo. Além de haver problemas na implementação do instrumento de rastreamento para consumo de álcool e Intervenção Breve no cotidiano laboral, constatou-se, também, a necessidade de investimento dos gestores de saúde na Educação Permanente.Descritores: Atenção Primária à Saúde; Alcoolismo; Prevenção Primária; Capacitação.
<b> PREVALÊNCIA E PERFIL DE SENSIBILIDADE DE Staphylococcus aureus ISOLADOS EM UM HOSPITAL ESCOLA NA CIDADE DE SANTA MARIA, BRASIL </b>
Authors: Tizotti Maísa Kräulich , Horner Rosmari , Kempfer Cláudia Barbisan , Martini Rosiéli , Mayer Letícia Eichstaedt , Roehrs Magda , Rodrigues Mônica De Abreu , Kuhn Fábio Teixeira , Veit Adriane Regina , Santos Silvana Oliveira dos 
Published: January 2017

Objetivou-se caracterizar a prevalência e o perfil de suscetibilidade de Staphylococcus aureus isolados no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (HUSM), através de levantamento de dados junto ao Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, durante o período de abril a junho de 2009. Foram solicitadas 3270 culturas, sendo que 1123 (34%) resultaram positivas. A prevalência de S. aureus em relação às culturas positivas foi de 89 (7,93%). Verificou-se que 33% das cepas foram resistentes à oxacilina e que 34,45% apresentaram resistência relacionada ao gene erm. Elevada sensibilidade ao sulfametoxazol-trimetoprima (72/80%) foi evidenciada pela automação e nenhuma cepa mostrou-se resistente à vancomicina. Portanto, a prevalência de S. aureus no HUSM e a resistência à oxacilina foram inferiores ao observado em outros hospitais terciários brasileiros. The objective ofthis study was to characterize the prevalence and susceptibility prof ile ofStaphylococcus aureus isolates at University Hospital ofSantaMaria, through data collection at the Laboratory ofClinicalAnalysis, duringApril to June 2009. Were requested 3270 cultures and 1123 (34%) were positive. The prevalence of S. aureus in relation to positive cultures was 89 (7,93%). It was f ound that these strains, 33% were resistant to oxacillin and 34.45% showed resistance related erm gene. High sensitivity to trimethoprim-sulf amethoxazole (72/80%) was detected f or the automation and no strain showed resistance to vancomycin. Theref ore, the prevalence of S. aureus and oxacillin resistance at HUSM were lower than observed in other tertiary hospitals in Brazil. Descritors: Prevalence; Staphylococcus aureus; Bacterial inf ection, Oxacillin.
<b> AVANÇOS NO DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO DA ARTRITE REUMATÓIDE </b>
Authors: Costa Jéssica Pereira da , Beck Sandra Trevisan 
Published: January 2017

A artrite reumatóide (AR) é considerada uma doença inflamatória crônica, de origem auto-imune, mas de etiologia ainda desconhecida, que causa dano progressivo no sistema musculoesquelético. Com a progressão da doença, os pacientes com AR desenvolvem incapacidade para realização de suas atividades, com impacto econômico significativo para o paciente e para a sociedade. Nas últimas décadas, houve significativa evolução na forma de abordagem e na terapêutica da doença. Métodos laboratoriais e de imagem foram desenvolvidos, contribuindo para diagnóstico mais precoce e determinação de prognóstico. Tais mudanças motivaram esta revisão da literatura. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão formal da literatura sobre o tema, através de um levantamento bibliográfico, a partir de mecanismos de busca eletrônica. Foram consultadas as bases de dados Scielo, Google Acadêmico, PubMed, Medline e ScienceDirect e outros sites de pesquisa científica disponíveis na rede, acessando artigos científicos publicados até o ano de 2011.Descritores: artrite reumatóide, diagnóstico, tratamento
<b> INIBIDORES DA BOMBA DE PRÓTONS: REVISÃO E ANÁLISE FARMACOECONÔMICA </b>
Authors: Braga Muriele Picoli , Silva Cristiane De Bona da , Adams Andréa Inês Horn 
Published: January 2017

Os inibidores da bomba de prótons (IBPs), são medicamentos que inibem a enzima H+, K+-ATPase (ou bomba de prótons) realizando a supressão ácida gástrica. Atualmente, são comercializados seis representantes desta classe: omeprazol, lansoprazol, pantoprazol, rabeprazol, esomeprazol e dexlansoprazol. Um novo IBP, tenatoprazol, está ainda em fase de desenvolvimento. O presente estudo propõe-se a revisar os estudos disponíveis a fim de expor informações sobre os IBPs e realizar um estudo farmacoeconômico entre doses-padrão desses medicamentos para o tratamento da úlcera péptica gastroduodenal. Evidências atuais sugerem que os IBPs possuem eficácia semelhante no tratamento de várias desordens gástricas e no protocolo de erradicação do Helicobacter pylori. A partir da análise farmacoeconômica ora realizada, constatou-se que o lansoprazol apresenta perfil mais favorável.
Voix d’eau : Pascal Quignard et « la voix perdue » des lais bretons
Authors: Koble Nathalie , Nicolau Adriana 
Published: January 2017

Les liens que l’oeuvre de Pascal Quignard entretient avec la littérature médiévale sont à la fois discrets et multiples, au sein d’une écriture de part en part travaillée par la confrontation à de multiples univers esthétiques et littéraires. Élaboré par l’écrivain contemporain, le concept de « jadis », d’inspiration lacanienne, engage néanmoins une réflexion sur la mémoire qui entretient avec le Moyen Âge perdu des contes, mais aussi, avec la conception médiévale de la mémoire littéraire, une résonance particulière. Cette étude se propose de mettre au jour cette résonance en confrontant deux récits qui reposent sur une intrigue en grande partie similaire : « La voix perdue » de Quignard et le lai anonyme de Tydorel. Cette lecture croisée met en évidence une réflexion en miroir sur l’inaccessibilité de l’origine, figurée dans les deux textes par des lieux/personnages aquatiques. Antérieure à la langue, cette origine fantasmée est dans les deux contes au coeur d’une poétique du détour qui tente de cerner, par la langue littéraire, les eaux les plus troubles de la rencontre amoureuse.
Le roman de Mélusine de Claude Louis-Combet ou le roman de l’oeil miroitant
Authors: Hervé Martin 
Published: January 2017

En 1986, l’écrivain français Claude Louis-Combet publie Le roman de Mélusine, une fiction consacrée à la légendaire fée ophidienne, haute figure du tabou du voir. S’il s’inscrit clairement dans la tradition du texte établi à la fin du xive siècle par Jean d’Arras, Louis-Combet laisse affleurer dans sa réécriture une obsession du visuel, du mirage et du mimétisme, symbolisée par l’oeil dont les multiples incarnations et colorations traversent le récit. L’oeil de l’amour, regard de l’amant découvrant son reflet dans le miroir d’eau dans lequel se mire la fée, dévoile inévitablement son envers, l’iris tragique, soit l’oeil du sanglier meurtrier, augure et agent du destin. Dans le royaume des images dont Mélusine ouvre les portes à son époux, imaginaire régenté par la Femme serpentine et phallique, l’amour trouve une illustration parfaite et reste parfaitement illusoire. Pourtant, derrière les yeux miroitants de la fée, le réel s’annonce, et avec lui l’instant où la séparation marquera la fin de la passion, de la féérie et du fantasme. Écrire Mélusine revient pour Louis-Combet à rêver d’un temps d’avant la lettre où homme et femme n’étaient que les facettes d’une même imago dont la puissance de fascination reste toujours aussi vivace.
1599-1629 : le roman français du premier xviie siècle et la mémoire des guerres de Religion
Authors: Sag Mélanie 
Published: January 2017

Alors qu’on associe le souvenir des guerres de Religion dans la fiction française au genre des nouvelles historiques et galantes des années 1660, cet article montre comment le roman (sentimental, chevaleresque et d’aventures) du début du xviie siècle a été un premier lieu de mémoire de ces guerres civiles. Les diverses modalités de fictionnalisation de l’histoire ainsi que le traitement romanesque de la violence sont exposés, dans le souci de dégager la spécificité de l’approche romanesque de la guerre civile. Finalement, c’est le travail de mémoire singulier de chaque sous-genre romanesque que met en lumière cette recherche : souvenir partageable, mémoire militante des troubles ou lecture critique du passé pour mieux agir au présent. Les romans écrits entre 1599 et 1629 proposent ainsi une palette intéressante de romans « historiques », bien avant que ce genre de fiction n’apparaisse sous le règne de Louis xiv.
Guerre, lettres et devenir historique de la Nouvelle-France dans La défaite des Sauvages armouchiquois de Marc Lescarbot
Authors: Lachance Isabelle 
Published: January 2017

Dans son poème épique La défaite des Sauvages armouchiquois par le sagamos Membertou et ses alliez sauvages de 1607, Marc Lescarbot érige Pierre Dugua de Mons, vice-roi d’Henri iv en Acadie, et Jean de Biencourt de Poutrincourt, vice-lieutenant de Dugua de Mons, en pacificateurs de tribus amérindiennes irrépressiblement guerrières. Dès lors, bien que les genres de l’histoire universelle et de l’épopée semblent agir en tant que dispositifs de reconnaissance pour signifier le partage d’une commune humanité entre Souriquois, alliés locaux, et Français, porteurs de l’entreprise coloniale, une lecture parallèle de La défaite et de certains chapitres de l’Histoire de la Nouvelle France de 1609, soit « Des Lettres » et « De la Guerre », montre plutôt une mise à l’écart symbolique de l’Amérindien. Non seulement parce que cette geste quasi médiévale relègue son expérience du territoire à un temps révolu, voire à la fable — laissant ainsi le champ libre à une expérience européenne appartenant d’emblée au temps présent —, mais aussi parce qu’elle déclare l’incapacité du Sauvage à faire face au temps présent. Ainsi se voit-il non seulement doublement dominé par la différence de l’écriture en tant qu’objet du récit et par la maîtrise de l’écriture qui donne à l’Européen un ascendant conférant à sa prise de pouvoir un caractère naturel, mais encore La défaite représente les Souriquois remportant la bataille spécifiquement parce qu’ils auraient déployé à l’encontre de leurs ennemis non seulement leurs propres ressources — stratégiques et matérielles —, mais bien le tonnerre des armes à feu françaises.
Paroles aiguisées, textes émoussés : guerre, commerce et administration coloniale en Nouvelle-France (1682)
Authors: Broué Catherine 
Published: January 2017

Les Paroles du Deputé des cinq Nations Iroquoises, a Monsr le Comte de Frontenac du vnze septembre 1682 et la Réponse de Frontenac à ces Paroles font partie d’un volumineux corpus de discours amérindiens consignés par l’administration coloniale en Nouvelle-France, corpus qui témoigne d’une pratique diplomatique, politique, administrative et scripturale en train de se constituer. Sur le plan énonciatif, ces procès-verbaux sont d’autant plus curieux qu’ils s’adressent à des destinataires très différents et déploient ce faisant un système de représentation retors où le porte-parole autochtone et la nation qu’il représente doivent pouvoir se reconnaître, mais qui n’empêchera pas Frontenac d’apparaître sous un jour favorable en tant qu’administrateur de la colonie. Ce dispositif énonciatif complexe institue une fracture entre la parole collective et la parole individuelle, opère un glissement entre un discours ouvert et un discours fermé et joue sur une coénonciation double permise notamment par la traduction littérale du discours iroquois et l’imitation de ce discours traduit par le gouverneur.
Size matters: relationships between body size and body mass of common coastal, aquatic invertebrates in the Baltic Sea
Authors: Eklöf Johan , Austin Åsa , Bergström Ulf , Donadi Serena , Eriksson Britas D.H.K. , Hansen Joakim , Sundblad Göran 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundOrganism biomass is one of the most important variables in ecological studies, making biomass estimations one of the most common laboratory tasks. Biomass of small macroinvertebrates is usually estimated as dry mass or ash-free dry mass (hereafter ‘DM’ vs. ‘AFDM’) per sample; a laborious and time consuming process, that often can be speeded up using easily measured and reliable proxy variables like body size or wet (fresh) mass. Another common way of estimating AFDM (one of the most accurate but also time-consuming estimates of biologically active tissue mass) is the use of AFDM/DM ratios as conversion factors. So far, however, these ratios typically ignore the possibility that the relative mass of biologically active vs. non-active support tissue (e.g., protective exoskeleton or shell)—and therefore, also AFDM/DM ratios—may change with body size, as previously shown for taxa like spiders, vertebrates and trees.MethodsWe collected aquatic, epibenthic macroinvertebrates (>1 mm) in 32 shallow bays along a 360 km stretch of the Swedish coast along the Baltic Sea; one of the largest brackish water bodies on Earth. We then estimated statistical relationships between the body size (length or height in mm), body dry mass and ash-free dry mass for 14 of the most common taxa; five gastropods, three bivalves, three crustaceans and three insect larvae. Finally, we statistically estimated the potential influence of body size on the AFDM/DM ratio per taxon.ResultsFor most taxa, non-linear regression models describing the power relationship between body size and (i) DM and (ii) AFDM fit the data well (as indicated by low SE and highR2). Moreover, for more than half of the taxa studied (including the vast majority of the shelled molluscs), body size had a negative influence on organism AFDM/DM ratios.DiscussionThe good fit of the modelled power relationships suggests that the constants reported here can be used to quickly estimate organism dry- and ash-free dry mass based on body size, thereby freeing up considerable work resources. However, the considerable differences in constants between taxa emphasize the need for taxon-specific relationships, and the potential dangers associated with ignoring body size. The negative influence of body size on the AFDM/DM ratio found in a majority of the molluscs could be caused by increasingly thicker shells with organism age, and/or spawning-induced loss of biologically active tissue in adults. Consequently, future studies utilizing AFDM/DM (and presumably also AFDM/wet mass) ratios should carefully assess the potential influence of body size to ensure more reliable estimates of organism body mass.