bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PfCDPK1 mediated signaling in erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Kumar Sudhir , Kumar Manish , Ekka Roseleen , Dvorin Jeffrey D. , Paul Aditya S. , Madugundu Anil K. , Gilberger Tim , Gowda Harsha , Duraisingh Manoj T. , Keshava Prasad T. S. , Sharma Pushkar 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCalcium Dependent Protein Kinases are key effectors of calcium signaling in malaria parasite. PfCDPK1 is critical for asexual development of Plasmodium falciparum, but its precise function and substrates remain largely unknown. Using a conditional knockdown strategy, we here establish that this kinase is critical for the invasion of host erythrocytes. Furthermore, using a multidisciplinary approach involving comparative phosphoproteomics we gain insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms. We identify substrates of PfCDPK1, which includes proteins of Inner Membrane Complex and glideosome-actomyosin motor assembly. Interestingly, PfCDPK1 phosphorylates PfPKA regulatory subunit (PfPKA-R) and regulates PfPKA activity in the parasite, which may be relevant for the process of invasion. This study delineates the signaling network of PfCDPK1 and sheds light on mechanisms via which it regulates invasion.
‘ARMAN’ archaea depend on association with euryarchaeal host in culture and in situ
Authors: Golyshina Olga V. , Toshchakov Stepan V. , Makarova Kira S. , Gavrilov Sergey N. , Korzhenkov Aleksei A. , La Cono Violetta , Arcadi Erika , Nechitaylo Taras Y. , Ferrer Manuel , Kublanov Ilya V. , Wolf Yuri I. , Yakimov Michail M. , Golyshin Peter N. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIntriguing, yet uncultured ‘ARMAN’-like archaea are metabolically dependent on other members of the microbial community. It remains uncertain though which hosts they rely upon, and, because of the lack of complete genomes, to what extent. Here, we report the co-culturing of ARMAN-2-related organism, Mia14, with Cuniculiplasma divulgatum PM4 during the isolation of this strain from acidic streamer in Parys Mountain (Isle of Anglesey, UK). Mia14 is highly enriched in the binary culture (ca. 10% genomic reads) and its ungapped 0.95 Mbp genome points at severe voids in central metabolic pathways, indicating dependence on the host, C. divulgatum PM4. Analysis of C. divulgatum isolates from different sites and shotgun sequence data of Parys Mountain samples suggests an extensive genetic exchange between Mia14 and hosts in situ. Within the subset of organisms with high-quality genomic assemblies representing the ‘DPANN’ superphylum, the Mia14 lineage has had the largest gene flux, with dozens of genes gained that are implicated in the host interaction.
Regulation of retinal pigment epithelial cell phenotype by Annexin A8
Authors: Lueck Katharina , Carr Amanda-Jayne F. , Stampoulis Dimitrios , Gerke Volker , Rescher Ursula , Greenwood John , Moss Stephen E. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe retinoic acid derivative fenretinide (FR) is capable of transdifferentiating cultured retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells towards a neuronal-like phenotype, but the underlying mechanisms are not understood. To identify genes involved in this process we performed a microarray analysis of RPE cells pre- and post-FR treatment, and observed a marked down-regulation of AnnexinA8 (AnxA8) in transdifferentiated cells. To determine whether AnxA8 plays a role in maintaining RPE cell phenotype we directly manipulated AnxA8 expression in cultured and primary RPE cells using siRNA-mediated gene suppression, and over-expression of AnxA8-GFP in conjunction with exposure to FR. Treatment of RPE cells with AnxA8 siRNA recapitulated exposure to FR, with cell cycle arrest, neuronal transdifferentiation, and concomitant up-regulation of the neuronal markers calretinin and calbindin, as assessed by real-time PCR and immunofluorescence. In contrast, AnxA8 transient over-expression in ARPE-19 cells prevented FR-induced differentiation. Ectopic expression of AnxA8 in AnxA8-depleted cells led to decreased neuronal marker staining, and normal cell growth as judged by phosphohistone H3 staining, cell counting and cleaved caspase-3 levels. These data show that down-regulation of AnxA8 is both necessary and sufficient for neuronal transdifferentiation of RPE cells and reveal an essential role for AnxA8 as a key regulator of RPE phenotype.
Stability limits of tin-based electrocatalyst supports
Authors: Geiger Simon , Kasian Olga , Mingers Andrea M. , Mayrhofer Karl J. J. , Cherevko Serhiy 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTin-based oxides are attractive catalyst support materials considered for application in fuel cells and electrolysers. If properly doped, these oxides are relatively good conductors, assuring that ohmic drop in real applications is minimal. Corrosion of dopants, however, will lead to severe performance deterioration. The present work aims to investigate the potential dependent dissolution rates of indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) and antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) in the broad potential window ranging from −0.6 to 3.2 VRHE in 0.1 M H2SO4 electrolyte. It is shown that in the cathodic part of the studied potential window all oxides dissolve during the electrochemical reduction of the oxide – cathodic dissolution. In case an oxidation potential is applied to the reduced electrode, metal oxidation is accompanied with additional dissolution – anodic dissolution. Additional dissolution is observed during the oxygen evolution reaction. FTO withstands anodic conditions best, while little and strong dissolution is observed for ATO and ITO, respectively. In discussion of possible corrosion mechanisms, obtained dissolution onset potentials are correlated with existing thermodynamic data.
Ribo-attenuators: novel elements for reliable and modular riboswitch engineering
Authors: Folliard Thomas , Mertins Barbara , Steel Harrison , Prescott Thomas P. , Newport Thomas , Jones Christopher W. , Wadhams George , Bayer Travis , Armitage Judith P. , Papachristodoulou Antonis , Rothschild Lynn J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRiboswitches are structural genetic regulatory elements that directly couple the sensing of small molecules to gene expression. They have considerable potential for applications throughout synthetic biology and bio-manufacturing as they are able to sense a wide range of small molecules and regulate gene expression in response. Despite over a decade of research they have yet to reach this considerable potential as they cannot yet be treated as modular components. This is due to several limitations including sensitivity to changes in genetic context, low tunability, and variability in performance. To overcome the associated difficulties with riboswitches, we have designed and introduced a novel genetic element called a ribo-attenuator in Bacteria. This genetic element allows for predictable tuning, insulation from contextual changes, and a reduction in expression variation. Ribo-attenuators allow riboswitches to be treated as truly modular and tunable components, thus increasing their reliability for a wide range of applications.
Analysis of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generated in three liquid media by low temperature helium plasma jet
Authors: Chauvin Julie , Judée Florian , Yousfi Mohammed , Vicendo Patricia , Merbahi Nofel 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn order to identify aqueous species formed in Plasma activated media (PAM), quantitative investigations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS, RNS) were performed and compared to Milli-Q water and culture media without and with Fetal Calf Serum. Electron paramagnetic resonance, fluorometric and colorimetric analysis were used to identify and quantify free radicals generated by helium plasma jet in these liquids. Results clearly show the formation of ROS such as hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical and singlet oxygen in order of the micromolar range of concentrations. Nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide and nitrite-nitrate anions (in range of several hundred micromolars) are the major species observed in PAM. The composition of the medium has a major impact on the pH of the solution during plasma treatment, on the stability of the different RONS that are produced and on their reactivity with biomolecules. To emphasize the interactions of plasma with a complex medium, amino acid degradation by means of mass spectrometry was also investigated using methionine, tyrosine, tryptophan and arginine. All of these components such as long lifetime RONS and oxidized biological compounds may contribute to the cytotoxic effect of PAM. This study provides mechanistic insights into the mechanisms involved in cell death after treatment with PAM.
Label Free Detection of Sensitive Mid-Infrared Biomarkers of Glomerulonephritis in Urine Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Yu Mei-Ching , Rich Peter , Foreman Liberty , Smith Jennifer , Yu Mei-Shiuan , Tanna Anisha , Dibbur Vinod , Unwin Robert , Tam Frederick W. K. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMore reliable biomarkers using near-patient technologies are needed to improve early diagnosis and intervention for patients with renal disease. Infrared (IR) vibrational spectroscopy/microspectroscopy is an established analytical method that was first used in biomedical research over 20 years ago. With the advances in instrumentation, computational and mathematical techniques, this technology has now been applied to a variety of diseases; however, applications in nephrology are just beginning to emerge. In the present study, we used attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy to analyze urine samples collected from rodent models of inflammatory glomerulonephritis (GN) as well as from patients with crescentic GN, with the aim of identifying potential renal biomarkers; several characteristic mid-IR spectral markers were identified in urine samples. Specifically, a 1545 cm−1 band increased in intensity with the progression and severity of GN in rats, mice and humans. Furthermore, its intensity declined significantly in response to corticosteroid treatment in nephritic rats. In conclusion, our results suggest that specific urinary FTIR biomarkers may provide a rapid, sensitive and novel non-invasive means of diagnosing inflammatory forms of GN, and for real-time monitoring of progress, and response to treatment.
Past summer upwelling events in the Gulf of Oman derived from a coral geochemical record
Authors: Watanabe Takaaki K. , Watanabe Tsuyoshi , Yamazaki Atsuko , Pfeiffer Miriam , Garbe-Schönberg Dieter , Claereboudt Michel R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe used a high-resolution oxygen isotope (δ18Ocoral), carbon isotope (δ13Ccoral) and Sr/Ca ratios measured in the skeleton of a reef-building coral, Porites sp., to reveal seasonal-scale upwelling events and their interannual variability in the Gulf of Oman. Our δ13Ccoral record shows sharp negative excursions in the summer, which correlate with known upwelling events. Using δ13Ccoral anomalies as a proxy for upwelling, we found 17 summer upwelling events occurred in the last 26 years. These anomalous negative excursions of δ13Ccoral result from upwelled water depleted in 13C (dissolved inorganic carbon) and decreased water-column transparency. We reconstructed biweekly SSTs from coral Sr/Ca ratios and the oxygen isotopic composition of seawater (δ18OSW) by subtracting the reconstructed Sr/Ca-SST from δ18Ocoral. Significant δ18OSW anomalies occur during major upwelling events. Our results suggest δ13Ccoral anomalies can be used as a proxy for seasonal upwelling intensity in the Gulf of Oman, which, driven by the Indian/Arabian Summer Monsoon, is subject to interannual variability.
Thermal conductivities of phosphorene allotropes from first-principles calculations: a comparative study
Authors: Zhang J. , Liu H. J. , Cheng L. , Wei J. , Liang J. H. , Fan D. D. , Jiang P. H. , Shi J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPhosphorene has attracted tremendous interest recently due to its intriguing electronic properties. However, the thermal transport properties of phosphorene, especially for its allotropes, are still not well-understood. In this work, we calculate the thermal conductivities of five phosphorene allotropes (α-, β-, γ-, δ- and ζ-phase) by using phonon Boltzmann transport theory combined with first-principles calculations. It is found that the α-phosphorene exhibits considerable anisotropic thermal transport, while it is less obvious in the other four phosphorene allotropes. The highest thermal conductivity is found in the β-phosphorene, followed by the δ-, γ- and ζ-phase. The much lower thermal conductivity of the ζ-phase can be attributed to its relatively complex atomic configuration. It is expected that the rich thermal transport properties of phosphorene allotropes can have potential applications in the thermoelectrics and thermal management.
Band Structure of Topological Insulator BiSbTe1.25Se1.75
Authors: Lohani H. , Mishra P. , Banerjee A. , Majhi K. , Ganesan R. , Manju U. , Topwal D. , Kumar P. S. Anil , Sekhar B. R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe present our angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) and density functional theory results on quaternary topological insulator (TI) BiSbTe1.25Se1.75 (BSTS) confirming the non-trivial topology of the surface state bands (SSBs) in this compound. We find that the SSBs, which are are sensitive to the atomic composition of the terminating surface have a partial 3D character. Our detailed study of the band bending (BB) effects shows that in BSTS the Dirac point (DP) shifts by more than two times compared to that in Bi2Se3 to reach the saturation. The stronger BB in BSTS could be due to the difference in screening of the surface charges. From momentum density curves (MDCs) of the ARPES data we obtained an energy dispersion relation showing the warping strength of the Fermi surface in BSTS to be intermediate between those found in Bi2Se3 and Bi2Te3 and also to be tunable by controlling the ratio of chalcogen/pnictogen atoms. Our experiments also reveal that the nature of the BB effects are highly sensitive to the exposure of the fresh surface to various gas species. These findings have important implications in the tuning of DP in TIs for technological applications.
Biomaterial-Free Three-Dimensional Bioprinting of Cardiac Tissue using Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Ong Chin Siang , Fukunishi Takuma , Zhang Huaitao , Huang Chen Yu , Nashed Andrew , Blazeski Adriana , DiSilvestre Deborah , Vricella Luca , Conte John , Tung Leslie , Tomaselli Gordon F. , Hibino Narutoshi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe have developed a novel method to deliver stem cells using 3D bioprinted cardiac patches, free of biomaterials. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), fibroblasts (FB) and endothelial cells (EC) were aggregated to create mixed cell spheroids. Cardiac patches were created from spheroids (CM:FB:EC = 70:15:15, 70:0:30, 45:40:15) using a 3D bioprinter. Cardiac patches were analyzed with light and video microscopy, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, cell viability assays and optical electrical mapping. Cardiac tissue patches of all cell ratios beat spontaneously after 3D bioprinting. Patches exhibited ventricular-like action potential waveforms and uniform electrical conduction throughout the patch. Conduction velocities were higher and action potential durations were significantly longer in patches containing a lower percentage of FBs. Immunohistochemistry revealed staining for CM, FB and EC markers, with rudimentary CD31+ blood vessel formation. Immunofluorescence revealed the presence of Cx43, the main cardiac gap junction protein, localized to cell-cell borders. In vivo implantation suggests vascularization of 3D bioprinted cardiac patches with engraftment into native rat myocardium. This constitutes a significant step towards a new generation of stem cell-based treatment for heart failure.
The Systemic Effects of Endometriosis
Authors: Alderman Myles , Yoder Nicole , Taylor Hugh 
Published: June 2017

AbstractEndometriosis is a condition defined by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma in ectopic locations. While the most commonly seen symptoms of the disease are pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and infertility, endometriosis has also systemic effects in multiple organ systems. Here, we review literature describing closely associated comorbidities including cardiovascular disease, cancers, autoimmune disease, psychiatric conditions, and metabolism/body weight. We examine the pathophysiology and hypothesized mechanism by which endometriosis may lead to these systemic effects; mechanisms include cytokine and micro-RNA production as well as stem cell migration and dissemination. The broad systemic effects of endometriosis as well as correlated comorbidities are often overlooked in the treatment of patients with endometriosis. Increased awareness may lead to more effective treatment and prevention.
ADAMTS13 Deficiency Worsens Colitis and Exogenous ADAMTS13 Administration Decreases Colitis Severity in Mice
Authors: Zitomersky Naamah , Demers Melanie , Martinod Kimberly , Gallant Maureen , Cifuni Stephen , Biswas Amlan , Snapper Scott , Wagner Denisa 
Published: June 2017

Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects 1.6 million people in the United States. IBD is associated with an increased risk of thrombosis, which rises with disease activity. The pathogenesis of IBD and its increased thrombotic risk is not completely understood. Ultra large von Willebrand factor (ULVWF) multimers are secreted from activated endothelium, leading to recruitment of platelets and leukocytes. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type I repeats motif 13 (ADAMTS13) cleaves highly adhesive ULVWF into smaller, less bioactive, multimers, releasing them into circulation. Mice deficient in ADAMTS13 (ADAMTS13−/−) have heightened inflammatory and thrombotic responses.
Objectives We hypothesized that upon colitis induction, ADAMTS13−/− mice would have more severe symptoms compared with wild-type (WT) mice, and rhADAMTS13 administration to mice with colitis would improve their condition.
Results Dextran sodium sulfate–induced colitis was worse in ADAMTS13−/− mice than WT. ADAMTS13−/− showed increased weight loss, worse anemia, and increased clinical and histologic colitis severity, compared with WT mice. ADAMTS13−/− mice had increased VWF release, with accumulation at inflamed colonic sites. Also, the majority of mice showed one or more submucosal colonic thrombi. ADAMTS13 deficiency worsened colitis and propagated intestinal inflammation, most likely through increased platelet–leukocyte recruitment by VWF. Treatment of WT mice with rhADAMTS13 decreased colitis severity without worsening anemia. Additionally, several immune-mediated chronic murine colitis models, and inflamed colon tissue specimens from IBD patients, showed increased VWF release at inflamed sites, suggesting a generalizability of our findings.
Conclusion Measuring VWF/ADAMTS13 levels could have clinical utility. When applicable, the administration of ADAMTS13, in addition to primary treatment, may improve outcomes for IBD patients.
Modified submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection for submucosal tumors in the esophagus and gastric fundus near the cardia
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Cai Jian-Qun , Xiang Li , Wang Zhen , de Liu Si , Bai Yang 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection with double opening (DO-STER) was developed by our group for the resection of submucosal tumors in the esophagus and gastric fundus near the cardia. This study aimed to provide a preliminary evaluation of feasibility and safety of DO-STER.
Methods The key to DO-STER is the creation of a tunnel opening in the mucosa over the inferior border of the tumor. During resection, the tumor can be gradually pushed out of the submucosal tunnel through the opening, leaving enough space for operation within the tunnel. A total of 10 tumors resected by DO-STER were retrospectively reviewed.
Results All tumors were successfully resected by DO-STER. One tumor was located at the lower esophagus, four at the esophagogastric junction, and five at the gastric fundus near the cardia. Tumor size ranged from 1.0 × 1.2 cm to 3.5 × 5.0 cm, and all tumors originated from the muscularis propria. Operative times ranged from 45 to 150 minutes. No delayed bleeding or perforation occurred.
Conclusion DO-STER seems to provide an alternative approach for resection of tumors in the esophagus and gastric fundus near the cardia.
Demotivating incentives and motivation crowding out in charitable giving
Authors: Chao Matthew 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Many nonprofits solicit contributions by offering thank-you gifts, such as mugs, in exchange for donations. However, these gifts may have counterproductive effects by drawing a prospective donor’s attention away from altruistic motives and leading him or her to use a more cost–benefit mindset. This study tests for the effect of thank-you gifts during a nonprofit’s direct-mail fundraising campaign and finds that gifts reduced donation rates in this campaign. A complementary online experiment confirms that thank-you gifts can reduce donation rates but only when the gift is visually salient and thus more likely to occupy the donor’s attention. Nonprofits should consider their donor’s psychological incentives carefully before implementing these types of extrinsic incentives.
Fine-Scale Spatial and Temporal Variation in Fishing Mortality of Southern Flounder: Management Implications for a Dynamic Estuarine Fishery
Authors: Scharf Frederick S. , Craig J. Kevin , Smith William E. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Fish demography and the behavior of fishing fleets can vary across fine spatial and temporal scales, generating dynamic patterns of harvest that can impact both fishery yield and the conservation of stock biomass. We conducted a paired tag return experiment in spatially distinct estuarine fisheries during two consecutive years to examine temporal and spatial variation in harvest of a commercially exploited flatfish, the Southern Flounder Paralichthys lethostigma, in North Carolina. Monthly rates of instantaneous fishing mortality (F) varied across the fishing season in different ways, thus generating differences in total F between the two systems despite the fact that the fishery was concentrated in the warmer months and was dominated by the same gear in both systems. Recent patterns in fishing effort among gears and water bodies throughout the state illustrated seasonal and spatial variation that was produced mainly by gear type. Although current regulations in the Southern Flounder fishery recognize the existence of spatial differences in fishery selectivity and seasonality across North Carolina, fleet behavior has shown rapid and dynamic changes over time. When combined with recently documented fine-scale spatial variation in life history traits, these spatial patterns of effort and harvest that change in response to regulatory measures and socioeconomic drivers can potentially influence—in ways that are difficult to predict—the ability of managers to achieve harvest and conservation goals.
Received March 17, 2017; accepted June 20, 2017 Published online August 22, 2017