bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy as an augmentation treatment for obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Key Brenda L. , Rowa Karen , Bieling Peter , McCabe Randi , Pawluk Elizabeth J. 
Published: February 2017

A significant number of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) patients continue to experience symptoms that interfere with their functioning following cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Providing an additional augmentation treatment following CBT could help reduce these residual symptoms. Mindfulness interventions that facilitate less reactivity to thoughts and feelings may be helpful for patients suffering from residual OCD symptoms. The purpose of the current randomized waitlist control trial was to evaluate the feasibility and impact of providing an 8‐week mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy (MBCT) intervention following completion of a CBT intervention to OCD patients who continued to suffer from significant symptoms. Results indicated that compared to the waitlist control group, MBCT participants reported decreases in OCD symptoms (d = 1.38), depression symptoms (d = 1.25), anxiety symptoms (d = 1.02), and obsessive beliefs (d = 1.20) along with increases in self‐compassion (d = 0.77) and mindfulness skills (d = 0.77). Additionally, participants reported high levels of satisfaction with the MBCT intervention. The results suggest that the use of MBCT for OCD as an augmentation therapy is acceptable to patients who continue to suffer from OCD symptoms after completing CBT and provides some additional relief from residual symptoms.Key Practitioner Message

Mindfulness interventions teach skills that facilitate disengaging from cognitive routines and accepting internal experience, and these skills may be valuable in treating obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), as individuals describe getting “stuck” in repetitive thoughts and consequent rituals.
The results of this study suggest that teaching mindfulness skills using an 8‐week mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy (MBCT) intervention provides an added benefit (decreases in OCD, depression, and anxiety symptoms) for patients with OCD who have completed a cognitive behavioural therapy intervention and continued to suffer from significant symptoms.
Participation in MBCT was also associated with increases in mindfulness skills including increased ability to be nonjudgmental and nonreactive. By fostering a nonjudgmental stance towards intrusive thoughts, mindfulness may discourage suppression and avoidance of thoughts and this could lead to increased habituation and a decreased reliance on compulsions.
The use of MBCT as an augmentation treatment should be further explored to elucidate whether this treatment is beneficial for preventing relapse of OCD and could be compared against further cognitive behavioural therapy to see if offering participants a different and theoretically compelling intervention, such as MBCT, would outperform “more of the same” for individuals with OCD.
D2D underlay massive MIMO hybrid networks with improved physical layer secrecy and energy efficiency
Authors: Jia Xiangdong , Xie Mangang , Zhou Meng , Zhu Hongbo , Yang Longxiang 
Published: February 2017

SummaryFor us to meet the green and reliable communication requirement by the forthcoming fifth generation mobile networks, this paper focuses on a secrecy constrained device‐to‐device (D2D) underlay massive multiple‐input multiple‐output hybrid network, where the D2D user (DU) and cellular user (CU) links are exposed to passive malicious eavesdroppers. The D2D transmitters harvest the power from the signals of dedicated power beacons (PBs), but also the ambient radio frequency (RF) interference of CUs. The signals of PBs are known previously at the receivers of both the D2D and cellular users but are not known at eavesdroppers so that it can be regarded as an artificial noise. For the interested hybrid networks, we first present an energy‐harvesting scheme based on the inversion power control where the power received at the corresponding receiver is higher than the receiver's sensitivity. Then, by modeling the locations of network elements as Poisson point process and applying stochastic geometry, we derive the sufficient probability that a typical D2D transmitter harvests sufficient energy to establish communication links. Finally, with the derived sufficient probability, we evaluate the performance of the CUs and DUs in the achievable ergodic rate and the secrecy outage probability. Both the analytical and simulated results show that precious power of network is saved because of the ambient RF interference exploited, and the secrecy of both D2D and cellular links is improved simultaneously because of the signal of PBs modeled as artificial noises at CUs and DUs.
Topology control in the presence of jammers for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Bhavathankar Prasenjit , Mondal Ayan , Misra Sudip 
Published: February 2017

SummaryIn this paper, the problem of ensuring packet delivery ratio and high network lifetime in wireless sensor networks in the presence of single or multiple jammers is studied using single‐leader‐multiple‐followers Stackelberg game theory. A topology control scheme is proposed, in which the sink node, which acts as the leader, identifies the set of jamming affected nodes. On the other hand, the sensor nodes, which act as followers, need to decide an optimum transmission power level, while ensuring an optimal set of neighbor nodes covered. A scheme, named TC‐JAM, for ensuring packet delivery ratio, while avoiding jammers and increasing network lifetime in wireless sensor networks, is proposed. In existing literatures, the sensor nodes are envisioned to be equipped with multiple interfaces, while having access for multiple channels. However, in TC‐JAM, the sensor nodes have simple hardware with single interface for communication, ie, the sensor nodes have single channel for communication. Additionally, in the proposed scheme, TC‐JAM, each sensor node has a provision to vary its transmission power according to the chosen strategies. Using TC‐JAM, the energy consumption of the overall network reduces by up to 62%, and the network lifetime increases by 56% to 73%.
Comparing citizen science and professional data to evaluate extrapolated mountain goat distribution models
Authors: Flesch Elizabeth P. , Belt Jami J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCitizen science provides a prime opportunity for wildlife managers to obtain low‐cost data recorded by volunteers to evaluate species distribution models and address research objectives. Using mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus) location data collected through aerial surveys by professionals, ground surveys by professionals, and ground surveys by volunteers, we evaluated two mountain goat distribution models extrapolated across Waterton‐Glacier International Peace Park. In addition, we compared mountain goat location data by observer and survey type to determine whether there were differences that affected extrapolated model evaluation. We found that all dataset types compared similarly to both mountain goat models. A mountain goat occupancy model developed in the Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA) was the most informative in describing mountain goat locations. We compared Spearman‐rank correlations (rs) for occupancy probability bin ranks in the GYA model extrapolation and area‐adjusted frequencies of mountain goat locations, and we found that all datasets had a positive correlation, indicating the model had useful predictive ability. Aerial observations had a slightly greater Spearman‐rank correlation (rs = 0.964), followed by the professional ground surveys (rs = 0.946), and volunteer ground datasets (rs = 0.898). These results suggest that with effective protocol development and volunteer training, biologists can use mountain goat location data collected by volunteers to evaluate extrapolated models. We recommend that future efforts should apply this approach to other wildlife species and explore development of wildlife distribution models using citizen science.
Numerical Investigation of PEM Water Electrolysis Performance for Different Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts
Authors: Kaya M. F. , Demir N. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractOne of the hydrogen production methods, namely the proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE), shows good potential and agreement with renewable energy sources in the storage and conversion of energy. In this study, the effects of different anode catalyst materials on the performance of PEMWE are investigated. In line with this aim the temperature, membrane thickness, current collector length and molar fraction distribution of species in gas channels are investigated to observe and compare the effects of different anode catalyst. The cell performance is simulated with a two dimensional numerical model based on Comsol Multiphysics Software. The performance of the cell and hydrogen production are increased with the change of temperature from 303 K to 353 K. Different thickness of the membrane is investigated and the results bring out that use of thinner membrane is more important for Pt‐Ir anode catalyst than Pt anode catalyst. Additionally, Pt‐Ir anode catalyst is decreased cell voltage and provided four times higher current density. Maximum value of hydrogen molar fraction in the cathode gas channel is increased 60%.
Somatic mutations in murine models of leukemia and lymphoma: Disease specificity and clinical relevance
Authors: Goldberg Liat , Gough Sheryl M. , Lee Fan , Dang Christine , Walker Robert L. , Zhu Yuelin J. , Bilke Sven , Pineda Marbin , Onozawa Masahiro , Jo Chung Yang , Meltzer Paul S. , Aplan Peter D. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMalignant transformation is a multistep process that is dictated by the acquisition of multiple genomic aberrations that provide growth and survival advantage. During the post genomic era, high throughput genomic sequencing has advanced exponentially, leading to identification of countless cancer associated mutations with potential for targeted therapy. Mouse models of cancer serve as excellent tools to examine the functionality of gene mutations and their contribution to the malignant process. However, it remains unclear whether the genetic events that occur during transformation are similar in mice and humans. To address that, we chose several transgenic mouse models of hematopoietic malignancies and identified acquired mutations in these mice by means of targeted re‐sequencing of known cancer‐associated genes as well as whole exome sequencing. We found that mutations that are typically found in acute myeloid leukemia or T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients are also common in mouse models of the respective disease. Moreover, we found that the most frequent mutations found in a mouse model of lymphoma occur in a set of epigenetic modifier genes, implicating this pathway in the generation of lymphoma. These results demonstrate that genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) mimic the genetic evolution of human cancer and serve as excellent platforms for target discovery and validation.
Detection and management of hyperactive and hypoactive delirium in older patients during hospitalization: a retrospective cohort study evaluating daily practice
Authors: van Velthuijsen Eveline L. , Zwakhalen Sandra M.G. , Mulder Wubbo J. , Verhey Frans R.J. , Kempen Gertrudis I.J.M. 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesThe objectives of the study are to study daily hospital practice regarding detection and management and to study hyperactive and hypoactive delirium of older patients during their hospitalization.MethodsA retrospective cohort study evaluating care as usual for older hospitalized patients with delirium at Maastricht University Medical Center+, a university hospital in the Netherlands, was performed. Inclusion criteria were older hospitalized patients (65+ years), diagnosed with delirium between 1 January and 31 December 2014. Data were retrieved from the patients' medical files. Delirium was categorized as hyperactive or hypoactive. Primary outcome measures were prevalence and management (pharmacological, reorientation, screening for delirium and delirium consultations, and physical restraints). Secondary outcomes were short‐term adverse outcomes.ResultsPrevalence of delirium was 5% (N = 401), of which 77% (n = 307) was hyperactive and 23% (n = 94) was hypoactive. Significantly, more patients with a hyperactive delirium received medication to manage the delirium than patients with a hypoactive delirium (89% vs. 77%, respectively, p = 0.004). No other significant differences between the subtypes were found.ConclusionThere was probably a strong under‐recognition of delirium. Drugs were the main intervention of choice, especially for patients with hyperactive delirium. The two subtypes did not differ on non‐pharmacological management. The retrospective nature of this study sheds light on the status quo of recognition, management, and care as usual for the different delirium subtypes in daily hospital practice, which may help in forming new guidelines and protocols for the detection and treatment of delirium for older patients in hospitals.
Toward the automatic quantification of in utero brain development in 3D structural MRI: A review
Authors: Benkarim Oualid M. , Sanroma Gerard , Zimmer Veronika A. , Muñoz‐Moreno Emma , Hahner Nadine , Eixarch Elisenda , Camara Oscar , González Ballester Miguel Angel , Piella Gemma 
Published: February 2017

AbstractInvestigating the human brain in utero is important for researchers and clinicians seeking to understand early neurodevelopmental processes. With the advent of fast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques and the development of motion correction algorithms to obtain high‐quality 3D images of the fetal brain, it is now possible to gain more insight into the ongoing maturational processes in the brain. In this article, we present a review of the major building blocks of the pipeline toward performing quantitative analysis of in vivo MRI of the developing brain and its potential applications in clinical settings. The review focuses on T1‐ and T2‐weighted modalities, and covers state of the art methodologies involved in each step of the pipeline, in particular, 3D volume reconstruction, spatio‐temporal modeling of the developing brain, segmentation, quantification techniques, and clinical applications. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2772–2787, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Noninvasive imaging of brain oxygen metabolism in children with primary nocturnal enuresis during natural sleep
Authors: Yu Bing , Huang Mingzhu , Zhang Xu , Ma Hongwei , Peng Miao , Guo Qiyong 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA series of studies have revealed that nocturnal enuresis is closely related to hypoxia in children with primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE). However, brain oxygen metabolism of PNE children has not been investigated before. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in whole‐brain cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) in children suffering from PNE. We used the newly developed T2‐relaxation‐under‐spin‐tagging (TRUST) magnetic resonance imaging technique. Neurological evaluation, structural imaging, phase‐contrast, and the TRUST imaging method were applied in children with PNE (n = 37) and healthy age‐ and sex‐matched control volunteers (n = 39) during natural sleep to assess whole‐brain CMRO2, CBF, OEF, and arousal from sleep scores. Results showed that whole‐brain CMRO2 and OEF values of PNE children were higher in controls, while there was no significant difference in CBF. Consequently, OEF levels of PNE children were increased to maintain oxygen supply. The elevation of OEF was positively correlated with the difficulty of arousal. Our results provide the first evidence that high oxygen consumption and high OEF values could make PNE children more susceptible to hypoxia, which may induce cumulative arousal deficits and make them more prone to nocturnal enuresis. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2532–2539, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
From “rest” to language task: Task activation selects and prunes from broader resting‐state network
Authors: Doucet Gaelle E. , He Xiaosong , Sperling Michael R. , Sharan Ashwini , Tracy Joseph I. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractResting‐state networks (RSNs) show spatial patterns generally consistent with networks revealed during cognitive tasks. However, the exact degree of overlap between these networks has not been clearly quantified. Such an investigation shows promise for decoding altered functional connectivity (FC) related to abnormal language functioning in clinical populations such as temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). In this context, we investigated the network configurations during a language task and during resting state using FC. Twenty‐four healthy controls, 24 right and 24 left TLE patients completed a verb generation (VG) task and a resting‐state fMRI scan. We compared the language network revealed by the VG task with three FC‐based networks (seeding the left inferior frontal cortex (IFC)/Broca): two from the task (ON, OFF blocks) and one from the resting state. We found that, for both left TLE patients and controls, the RSN recruited regions bilaterally, whereas both VG‐on and VG‐off conditions produced more left‐lateralized FC networks, matching more closely with the activated language network. TLE brings with it variability in both task‐dependent and task‐independent networks, reflective of atypical language organization. Overall, our findings suggest that our RSN captured bilateral activity, reflecting a set of prepotent language regions. We propose that this relationship can be best understood by the notion of pruning or winnowing down of the larger language‐ready RSN to carry out specific task demands. Our data suggest that multiple types of network analyses may be needed to decode the association between language deficits and the underlying functional mechanisms altered by disease. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2540–2552, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Picturing Ethnic Studies: Photovoice and Youth Literacies of Social Action
Authors: de los Ríos Cati V. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis study uses photovoice to examine the ways in which Chicanx youths hone their critical and multimodal literacy skills in a secondary ethnic studies course. While the institutionalization of secondary ethnic studies courses swiftly expands in school districts across the United States, more research is necessary to understand the nature of these courses. This inquiry examines student photovoice compositions, participant observations, and in‐depth semistructured interviews to ascertain some of the affordances of an ethnic studies course from the perspectives of participating students. The following question guides this paper: How do students articulate the importance of ethnic studies in their lives? Students’ creations of photovoice compositions allowed them to communicate ideas around ethnic studies in authentic ways that valued their cultural practices and resources. Findings highlight student literacies of social action across three domains: individual, community, and structural.
Influence of scaffold design on 3D printed cell constructs
Authors: Souness Auryn , Zamboni Fernanda , Walker Gavin M , Collins Maurice N 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAdditive manufacturing is currently receiving significant attention in the field of tissue engineering and biomaterial science. The development of precise, affordable 3D printing technologies has provided a new platform for novel research to be undertaken in 3D scaffold design and fabrication. In the past, a number of 3D scaffold designs have been fabricated to investigate the potential of a 3D printed scaffold as a construct which could support cellular life. These studies have shown promising results; however, few studies have utilized a low‐cost desktop 3D printing technology as a potential rapid manufacturing route for different scaffold designs. Here six scaffold designs were manufactured using a Fused deposition modeling, a “bottom‐up” solid freeform fabrication approach, to determine optimal scaffold architecture for three‐dimensional cell growth. The scaffolds, produced from PLA, are coated using pullulan and hyaluronic acid to assess the coating influence on cell proliferation and metabolic rate. Scaffolds are characterized both pre‐ and postprocessing using water uptake analysis, mechanical testing, and morphological evaluation to study the inter‐relationships between the printing process, scaffold design, and scaffold properties. It was found that there were key differences between each scaffold design in terms of porosity, diffusivity, swellability, and compressive strength. An optimal design was chosen based on these physical measurements which were then weighted in accordance to design importance based on literature and utilizing a design matrix technique. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 533–545, 2018.
A review of decellurization methods caused by an urgent need for quality control of cell‐free extracellular matrix' scaffolds and their role in regenerative medicine
Authors: Kawecki Marek , Łabuś Wojciech , Klama‐Baryla Agnieszka , Kitala Diana , Kraut Malgorzata , Glik Justyna , Misiuga Marcelina , Nowak Mariusz , Bielecki Tomasz , Kasperczyk Aleksandra 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe natural extracellular matrix (ECM),thanks to its specific properties (e.g., collagenous lattice, a reservoir of growth factors, ECM‐cell anchoring areas, an optimal pH and CO2),ensures an optimal microenvironment for homeostatic and regenerative cell development. In the context of regenerative medicine, ECM is a lair for residual and infiltrative cells. The aim of the clinical usage of cell‐free ECM scaffolds is the enhancement of tissue regeneration with possible minimization of an adverse host reaction on allogeneic or xenogeneic biomaterial. Thus, the objective of decellularization is to obtain acellular grafts characterized by optimal biological properties, such as a lack of remaining cellular elements (e.g., cell membrane phospholipids and proteins, nucleic acids, mitochondria), lack of immunogenicity, lack of calcification promotion and lack of cytotoxicity (e.g., in unrinsed detergents). Furthermore, cell‐free ECM scaffolds should present the optimal mechanical and structural properties that may ensure the biocompatibility of the graft. The maintenance of the ultrastructure composition of the ECM is one of the most important goals of decellularization. All physical, chemical, and biological methods proposed (used separately or in combination to extract cells from tissues/organs) are not 100% effective in cell removal and always cause a disruption of the ECM texture, as well as a probable loss of important structure components. Although cell‐free ECM scaffolds are generally classified as medical devices, there are no widely accepted or legally defined criteria for quality control/evaluation methods of obtained matrices. Such criteria must be provided. Some of them have been proposed in this manuscript. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 909–923, 2018.