bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF CARDIOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF ALLIUM CEPA AERIAL LEAVES
Authors: M. Jalaiah , R. Sarvanan , H. Gowtham C. , Y. Vinay , Y. Akhila 
Published: November 2017

Objective: The present work deals with the study of the ethanolic extract of fruits of Allium cepa aerial leaves for cardioprotective activity.Methods: Cardioprotective activity of the ethanolic extract of aerial leaves of Allium cepa was determined by the administration of isoproterenol (60 mg/kg, s. c) for two days.Results: Pretreatment with ethanolic extract of Allium cepa aerial leaves (200 mg/kg, p. o and 100 mg/kg, p. o) for 28 d in significantly (p<0.01) reduce the levels of serum transaminases, alkaline phosphates, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine kinase, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol and increase the levels of HDL-cholesterol. Histopathological studies of the hearts of isoproterenol treated rats have showed infiltration of inflammatory cells and lacking of continuity in muscle fiber was suggesting an irreversible cell injury.Conclusion: Animals treated with ethanolic extract of Allium cepa aerial leaves showed less degenerative changes compared to isoproterenol-treated animals.
ANALISIS TOTAL PRODUCTIVE MAINTENANCE DENGAN METODE OVERALL EQUIPMENT EFFECTIVENESS DAN FUZZY FAILURE MODE AND EFFECTS ANALYSIS
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Ramayanti Gina , Afriansyah Romi 
Published: November 2017

Ash Handling System merupakan suatu bagian dari pembangkit listrik tenaga uap dengan bahan bakar batu bara yang berfungsi untuk menyalurkan limbah pembuangan sisa hasil proses pembakaran batu bara pada boiler. Sisa pembakaran terbagi menjadi fly ash dan bottom ash. Untuk sisa pembakaran fly ash akan disalurkan menuju ke Electrostatic Precipitator untuk ditangkap dengan metode corona dan ditransfer menuju penampungan fly ash dengan cara dimampatkan bersama udara dari kompresor yang melalui pipa-pipa dan tabung transporter. Sedangkan untuk sisa pembakaran bottom ash akan disalurkan dengan alat yang disebut SSC (Submerged Scraper Conveyor). Gangguan pada SSC dapat terjadi mulai dari belt putus, masalah pada penggerak, hingga masalah pada kelistrikan dan instrumennya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai OEE, mengetahui dampak gangguan belt sobek, mengetahui penyebab terjadinya belt conveyor sobek dan melakukan estimasi hasil perbaikan dari sisi biaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) dan Fuzzy Failure Mode and Effects Analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai OEE pada tahun 2015 sekitar 52,05%, masih di bawah standar nilai OEE sebesar 85%. Penyebab utamanya adalah adanya gangguan belt sobek karena gesekan belt dengan support return ketika belt conveyor mengalami jogging yang berdampak pada terganggunya penyaluran abu. Modifikasi dapat menghindari kerugian perusahaan sebesar Rp. 582.548.800,00.
Leading with digital in an age of supercomplexity
Authors: Phipps Lawrie , Lanclos Donna M 
Published: November 2017

Across education all aspects of practice, including teaching, research, public engagement and administration, are taking place increasingly against a digital backdrop. As digital becomes widely recognized as both key element of enabling institutional change, and creating challenges for all institutional activities, Jisc have developed a digital leaders course to engage delegates with their own digital practices, and help them in applying tools and methods to both support their own development and leverage digital in their organization. This short paper reports on the initial courses and some of the delegate reactions, drivers to participate in the course and it also outlines the structure of the course and the underpinning approaches taken. Barnett’s definition of supercomplexity, a time of uncertainty, unpredictability, challenge and change frames the nature of the education landscape faced by institutions well. However, through the digital leaders course, Jisc seeks to both frame the challenges created by digital, and also show digital as providing the capacity and capabilities to respond to supercomplexity.
A DEEPER LOOK INTO RURAL ENGLISH TEACHERS’ BELIEFS ABOUT ENGLISH
Authors: Hidayati Nurun 
Published: November 2017

The research aimed at finding out two questions: 1). what are rural English teachers’ beliefs about English in a rural school in facing the modern era?; and2). to what extent is English important in a rural school related to its global role viewed from teachers’ belief?. This paper utilized qualitative method in the form of case study. The respondents of the study were three English teachers from a rural school. The data were gathered through observation and interview then analyzed through the interactive model which consists of data reduction, data display, and conclusion: drawing/verification. The data analyzed reveals that: 1). English is crucially needed in rural school to develop human resources and to lead students to get the latest information; 2). English takes the global role in the rural school for helping students to learn internet and computer, to balance human resources and natural resources and as a foundation for making the connection with other people around the world in the wider scope. At the end of the paper, suggestions, and recommendation were also provided. Keywords: teachers’ beliefs, rural school, the importance of English
Dominant Variables That Affect The Level of Profitability in Sharia Banks and Conventional Banks
Authors: Junaeni Irawati 
Published: November 2017

<p>This study aims to analyze the dominant factors that affect profitability in the Sharia Commercial Bank and Conventional Bank Indonesia Year 2009-2014. The sample used in this study is 7 Sharia Commercial Banks and 10 Conventional Commercial Banks in Indonesia. The technic sample used in this study by purposive sampling method. This research uses panel data regression methods and estimation model used is a Random Effect Model. The result of research on sharia bank of internal factors concludes that BOPO variable has a significant influence on return on asset (ROA) and from external factors of BI Rate significant effect on return on asset (ROA). While conventional banks of internal factors conclude that BOPO and NPL variable have significant influence to return on asset (ROA) and from external factor conclude that BI Rate has a significant effect to return on asset ROA). In this research, BOPO variable has a more dominant influence on ROA than other variables.</p>
A study to assess the knowledge and attitude of staff nurses regarding human rights of mentally ill patients at selected hospitals of Bangalore, India
Authors: Thapa Kriti , Samson Vimala W. 
Published: November 2017

Background: Mental illness raises many human rights issues. People with mental disorders are exposed to a wide range of human rights violation both within and outside the health care context. People with mental illness and their families do not exercise their rights, because of lack of awareness that they have such rights, lack of knowledge about how to effectively assert their rights, and lack of confidence in asserting their rights. The most important factor in ensuring patient’s rights is the knowledge, attitude and commitment of the mental health professionals.Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess knowledge and attitude of staff nurses regarding human rights of mentally ill patients.Methods: A descriptive approach was adopted for the study. A total of 50 staff nurses working in psychiatric wards of general hospitals and in psychiatric hospitals of Bangalore were selected through purposive sampling technique. A structured knowledge questionnaire was used to assess level of knowledge and a four-point Likert scale was used to assess attitude of nurses regarding human rights of mentally ill patients.Results: The overall mean knowledge score was 50 percent and the overall mean attitude score was 68.65 percent among the staff nurses.Conclusion: The results of the study exposed the requirement of continuing education of staff nurses regarding human rights of mentally ill patients. Journal of Kathmandu Medical College Vol. 6, No. 1, 2017, page: 27-31
Increased Prevalence of Polyneuropathy in Parkinson’s Disease Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Conradt Christian , Guo Dianlin , Miclea Anca , Nisslein Thomas , Ismail Chaim , Chatamra Krai , Andersohn Frank 
Published: November 2017

Background: The independent contribution of levodopa exposure and Parkinson’s disease (PD) to the risk of polyneuropathy is not established. Objective: This study investigated whether patients with newly diagnosed PD without previous exposure to antiparkinsonian drugs have higher prevalence of polyneuropathy than the general population. Methods: Using the UK General Practice Research Database, presence of polyneuropathy in the previous 3 years was assessed. Results: Of 5089 PD patients and 19,897 controls, polyneuropathy was confirmed in 15 PD patients (0.29% ) and 24 controls (0.12% ). Polyneuropathy prevalence was 2.4-fold higher in PD patients than controls. Conclusions: In this observational study, PD patients had a higher prevalence of preexisting polyneuropathy that cannot be explained by adverse effects of antiparkinsonian drugs.
GC-MS profiling and antidepressant-like effect of the extracts of Hamelia patens in animal model
Authors: Surana Ajaykumar Rikhabchand , Wagh Rajendra Dayaram 
Published: November 2017

<p class="Abstract">Hamelia patens is used in folk medicine in the treatment of nervous shock. The present study deals to evaluate the antidepressant-like effects of chloroform and methanol extracts of H. patens on the performance of male mice and GC-MS profiling of bioactive extract. Mice were given extracts orally in acute doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg daily for 7 days and then subjected to forced swim test, tail suspension test and open field test. Imipramine (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and fluxetamine (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) were used as the standard in forced swim test and tail suspension test respectively. GC-MS profiling of chloroform extract was performed to find out the chemical constituents in bioactive fraction. After one-week treatment, the chloroform extract (100 and 200 mg/kg/day, p.o.) significantly reduced immobility time in forced swim test and tail suspension test (p&lt;0.05). All extracts did not show any significant change in the locomotor activity in open field test. These data indicate that the extract of H. patens possesses antidepressant-like properties in mice without any significant effect on locomotor activity.</p><p><strong>Video Clip of Methodology</strong>:</p><p>4 min 06 sec: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/DDJzDqiwCKU">Full Screen</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DDJzDqiwCKU">Alternate</a></p>
Characterization and development of EST‐derived SSR markers in Sinowilsonia henryi (Hamamelidaceae)1
Authors: Li Zuo‐Zhou , Tian Hua , Zhang Jin‐Ju 
Published: November 2017

Premise of the study:Polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed to reveal the genetic diversity of extant populations and the mating system of Sinowilsonia henryi (Hamamelidaceae).Methods and Results:In this study, nuclear simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed using the Illumina high‐throughput sequencing technique (RNA‐Seq). The de novo–assembled transcriptome generated a total of 64,694 unique sequences with an average length of 601 bp. A total of 2941 microsatellite loci were detected. Of the 121 tested loci, 13 loci were polymorphic and eight were monomorphic among 72 individuals representing three natural populations of the species. The number of alleles per locus ranged from one to four, and the observed and expected heterozygosity at population level were 0.00–1.00 and 0.10–0.66, respectively.Conclusions:The developed expressed sequence tag (EST)–SSRs will be useful for studying genetic diversity of S. henryi as well as assessing the mating system among Sinowilsonia species.
Development and characterization of EST‐SSR markers for Ottelia acuminata var. jingxiensis (Hydrocharitaceae)1
Authors: Li Zhi‐Zhong , Lu Meng‐Xue , Saina Josphat K. , Gichira Andrew W. , Wang Qing‐Feng , Chen Jin‐Ming 
Published: November 2017

Premise of the study:Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were derived from transcriptomic data for Ottelia acuminata (Hydrocharitaceae), a species comprising five endemic and highly endangered varieties in China.Methods and Results:Sixteen novel SSR markers were developed for O. acuminata var. jingxiensis. One to eight alleles per locus were found, with a mean of 2.896. The observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.000 to 1.000 and 0.000 to 0.793, respectively. Interestingly, in cross‐varietal amplification, 13 out of the 16 loci were successfully amplified in O. acuminata var. acuminata, and 12 amplified in each of the other three varieties of O. acuminata.Conclusions:These newly developed SSR markers will facilitate further study of genetic variation and provide important genetic data needed for appropriate conservation of natural populations of all varieties of O. acuminata.
ALMA 1.3 mm Map of the HD 95086 System
Authors: Su Kate Y. L. , MacGregor Meredith A. , Booth Mark , Wilner David J. , Flaherty Kevin , Hughes A. Meredith , Phillips Neil M. , Malhotra Renu , Hales Antonio S. , Morrison Sarah , Ertel Steve , Matthews Brenda C. , Dent William R. F. , Casassus Simon 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Planets and minor bodies such as asteroids, Kuiper-Belt objects, and comets are integral components of a planetary system. Interactions among them leave clues about the formation process of a planetary system. The signature of such interactions is most prominent through observations of its debris disk at millimeter wavelengths where emission is dominated by the population of large grains that stay close to their parent bodies. Here we present ALMA 1.3 mm observations of HD 95086, a young early-type star that hosts a directly imaged giant planet b and a massive debris disk with both asteroid- and Kuiper-Belt analogs. The location of the Kuiper-Belt analog is resolved for the first time. The system can be depicted as a broad (ΔR/R ∼ 0.84), inclined (30° ± 3°) ring with millimeter emission peaked at 200 ± 6 au from the star. The 1.3 mm disk emission is consistent with a broad disk with sharp boundaries from 106 ± 6 to 320 ± 20 au with a surface density distribution described by a power law with an index of −0.5 ± 0.2. Our deep ALMA map also reveals a bright source located near the edge of the ring, whose brightness at 1.3 mm and potential spectral energy distribution are consistent with it being a luminous star-forming galaxy at high redshift. We set constraints on the orbital properties of planet b assuming coplanarity with the observed disk.
Prominence Eruption Initiated by Helical Kink Instability of an Embedded Flux Rope
Authors: Vemareddy P. , Gopalswamy N. , Ravindra B. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We study the triggering mechanism of a limb-prominence eruption and the associated coronal mass ejection (CME) near AR 12342 using Solar Dynamics Observatory and Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph/Solar Heliospheric Observatory observations. The prominence is seen with an embedded flux thread (FT) at one end and bifurcates from the middle to a different footpoint location. The morphological evolution of the FT is similar to that of an unstable flux rope (FR), which we regard as a prominence-embedded FR. The FR twist exceeds the critical value. In addition, the morphology of the prominence plasma in 304 Å images marks the helical nature of the magnetic skeleton, with a total of 2.96 turns along arc length. The potential field extrapolation model indicates that the critical height of the background magnetic field gradient falls within the inner corona (105 Mm), which is consistent with the extent of coronal plasma loops. These results suggest that the helical kink instability in the embedded FR caused the slow rise of the prominence to the height of the torus instability domain. Moreover, the differential emission measure analysis unveils heating of the prominence plasma to coronal temperatures during an eruption, suggesting reconnection-related heating underneath the upward rising embedded FR. The prominence starts with a slow rise motion of 10 km s−1, which is followed by fast and slow acceleration phases that have an average acceleration of 28.9 m s−2 and 2.4 m s−2 in C2 and C3 field of view, respectively. As predicted by previous numerical simulations, the observed synchronous kinematic profiles of the CME leading edge and the core support the involved FR instability in the prominence initiation.
The Role of Electron Excitation and Nature of Molecular Gas in Cluster Central Elliptical Galaxies
Authors: Lim Jeremy , Dinh-V-Trung  , Vrtilek Jan , David Laurence P. , Forman William 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We present observations in CO (3–2) that, combined with previous observations in CO (2–1), constrain the physical properties of the filamentary molecular gas in the central ∼6.5 kpc of NGC 1275, the central giant elliptical galaxy of the Perseus Cluster. We find this molecular gas to have a temperature

≳
20

K and a density

∼

10

2

–

10

4

cm

−
3

, typically warmer and denser than the bulk of Giant Molecular Clouds (GMCs) in the Galaxy. Bathed in the harsh radiation and particle field of the surrounding intracluster X-ray gas, the molecular gas likely has a much higher ionization fraction than that of GMCs. For an ionization fraction of ∼10−4, similar to that of Galactic diffuse (

≲
250

cm

−
3

) partially molecular clouds that emit in HCN (1–0) and HCO+ (1–0), we show that the same gas traced in CO can produce the previously reported emissions in HCN (3–2), HCO+ (3–2), and CN (2–1) from NGC 1275; the dominant source of excitation for all the latter molecules is collisions with electrons. For the molecular filaments to not collapse, as evidenced by their lack of star formation, they must consist of thin strands that have cross-sectional radii ≲0.2–2 pc if supported solely by thermal gas pressure; larger radii are permissible if turbulence or poloidal magnetic fields provide additional pressure support. We point out that the conditions required to relate CO luminosities to molecular gas masses in our Galaxy are unlikely to apply in cluster central elliptical galaxies. Rather than being virialized structures analogous to GMCs, we propose that the molecular gas in NGC 1275 comprises pressure-confined structures created by turbulent flows.
Comparison of Gravitational Waves from Central Engines of Gamma-Ray Bursts: Neutrino-dominated Accretion Flows, Blandford–Znajek Mechanisms, and Millisecond Magnetars
Authors: Liu Tong , Lin Chao-Yang , Song Cui-Ying , Li Ang 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Neutrino-dominated accretion flow (NDAF) around a rotating stellar-mass black hole (BH) is one of the plausible candidates for the central engines of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Because the time-variant and anisotropic emission of neutrinos from NDAFs leads to GRB variability, NDAFs can be regarded as the sources of strong gravitational waves (GWs). We calculate the dependences of the GW strains on both the BH spin and the accretion rate. We demonstrate that, for typical GRBs with either a single pulse or multiple pulses, the GWs from NDAFs might be detected at a distance of ∼100 kpc/∼1 Mpc by the advanced LIGO/Einstein Telescope with a typical frequency of

∼
10
–
100

Hz

. Besides NDAFs, the other two competitive candidates for the GRB central engine are the Blandford–Znajek (BZ) mechanism and millisecond magnetars. We explore the GW signals from these two as well, and compare the corresponding results with NDAFs’. We find that for a certain GRB, the possible detected distance from NDAFs is about two orders of magnitude higher than that from the BZ mechanism, but at least two orders of magnitude lower than that from magnetars. The typical GW frequency for the BZ mechanism is the same as that of NDAFs,

∼
10
–
100

Hz

, while the typical frequency for magnetars is ∼2000 Hz. Therefore, the GWs released by the central engines of adjacent GRBs might be used to determine whether there is an NDAF, a BZ jet, or a magnetar in the GRB center.
Electron and Proton Heating in Transrelativistic Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Rowan Michael E. , Sironi Lorenzo , Narayan Ramesh 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Hot collisionless accretion flows, such as the one in Sgr A* at our Galactic center, provide a unique setting for the investigation of magnetic reconnection. Here protons are nonrelativistic, while electrons can be ultrarelativistic. By means of 2D particle-in-cell simulations, we investigate electron and proton heating in the outflows of transrelativistic reconnection (i.e.,

σ

w

∼
0.1
–
1

, where the magnetization

σ

w

is the ratio of magnetic energy density to enthalpy density). For both electrons and protons, we find that heating at high

β

i

(here

β

i

is the ratio of proton thermal pressure to magnetic pressure) is dominated by adiabatic compression (“adiabatic heating”), while at low

β

i

it is accompanied by a genuine increase in entropy (“irreversible heating”). For our fiducial

σ

w

=
0.1

, the irreversible heating efficiency at

β

i

≲
1

is nearly independent of the electron-to-proton temperature ratio

T

e

/

T

i

(which we vary from 0.1 up to 1), and it asymptotes to

∼
2
%

of the inflowing magnetic energy in the low-

β

i

limit. Protons are heated more efficiently than electrons at low and moderate

β

i

(by a factor of ∼7), whereas the electron and proton heating efficiencies become comparable at

β

i

∼
2

if

T

e

/

T

i

=
1

, when both species start already relativistically hot. We find comparable heating efficiencies between the two species also in the limit of relativistic reconnection (

σ

w

≳
1

). Our results have important implications for the two-temperature nature of collisionless accretion flows and may provide the subgrid physics needed in general relativistic MHD simulations.
Is the Gas-phase OH+H2CO Reaction a Source of HCO in Interstellar Cold Dark Clouds? A Kinetic, Dynamic, and Modeling Study
Authors: Ocaña A. J. , Jiménez E. , Ballesteros B. , Canosa A. , Antiñolo M. , Albaladejo J. , Agúndez M. , Cernicharo J. , Zanchet A. , del Mazo P. , Roncero O. , Aguado A. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The chemical kinetics of neutral–neutral gas-phase reactions at ultralow temperatures is a fascinating research subject with important implications on the chemistry of complex organic molecules in the interstellar medium (T ∼ 10–100 K). Scarce kinetic information is currently available for these kinds of reactions at T < 200 K. In this work, we use the Cinétique de Réaction en Ecoulement Supersonique Uniforme (CRESU; Reaction Kinetics in a Uniform Supersonic Flow) technique to measure for the first time the rate coefficients (k) of the gas-phase OH+H2CO reaction between 22 and 107 K. The k values greatly increase from 2.1 × 10−11 cm3 s−1 at 107 K to 1.2 × 10−10 cm3 s−1 at 22 K. This is also confirmed by quasi-classical trajectories (QCT) at collision energies down to 0.1 meV performed using a new full dimension and ab initio potential energy surface that generates highly accurate potential and includes long-range dipole–dipole interactions. QCT calculations indicate that at low temperatures HCO is the exclusive product for the OH+H2CO reaction. In order to revisit the chemistry of HCO in cold dense clouds, k is reasonably extrapolated from the experimental results at 10 K (2.6 × 10−10 cm3 s−1). The modeled abundances of HCO are in agreement with the observations in cold dark clouds for an evolving time of 105–106 yr. The different sources of production of HCO are presented and the uncertainties in the chemical networks are discussed. The present reaction is shown to account for a few percent of the total HCO production rate. This reaction can be expected to be a competitive process in the chemistry of prestellar cores. Extensions to photodissociation regions and diffuse cloud environments are also addressed.