bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatoprotective activity of medicinal plants, their phytochemistry, and safety concerns: a systematic review
Authors: Gonfa Yilma Hunde , Bachheti Archana , Semwal Prabhakar , Rai Nishant , Singab Abdel Nasser , Bachheti Rakesh Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Medicinal plants and their derivatives represent a promising reservoir of remedies for various ailments. Especially secondary metabolites of these plants, including alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, tannins, and anthraquinones, play crucial roles in hepatoprotection. Studies have identified several prominent phytoconstituents, such as silymarin, quercetin, luteolin, glycyrrhizin, curcumin, gallic acid, chebulic acid, catechin, aloin, emodin, liquiritin, liquiritigenin, cudraflavone B, and karaviloside, as effective agents for addressing hepatotoxicity. The mechanisms underlying their efficacy include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging, and the ability to block oxidative stress, cytokine production, and stabilize liver cell membranes. The application of natural products derived from medicinal plants in treating liver injuries is rooted in their efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and safety profile, contributing to their popularity. Many studies, encompassing in vitro, in vivo, preclinical, and clinical investigations, have demonstrated that the extracts of medicinal plants mitigate chemical-induced liver damage using animal models. However, intensive research efforts regarding the safety, regulatory standard, and quality control issues for using medicinal plants as hepatoprotective agents remain the strong task of scholars. The primary focus of this systematic review is to analyze the current state of the literature regarding treating liver ailments using extracts from medicinal plants, examining their phytochemical composition, and addressing associated safety considerations.
COOLING DEVICES DESIGNED TO RESTORE THE LOADING CAPACITY OF SOILS UNDER BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES
Authors: АНИКИН Г.В. , СПАСЕННИКОВА К.А. 
Published: September 2024

Предложено устройство новой конструкции для температурной стабилизации мерзлых грунтов. Преимуществом предлагаемой системы является возможность установки испарительной части системы под строящиеся и эксплуатируемые объекты, ремонта и замены отдельных труб испарителей без демонтажа всего устройства с сохранением его высокой промораживающей способности. Для оценки эффективности предлагаемой системы разработана аналитическая математическая модель ее функционирования. Проведено моделирование функционирования сезонного охлаждающего устройства для климатических условий арктических городов (Варандей, Салехард, Игарка). Показано, что данным устройством всегда можно заморозить грунт под аварийными зданиями и сооружениями.
A new constructive device for temperature stabilization of frozen soils is suggested. The advantage of the proposed system is the ability to install the evaporative part of the system under construction and operating facilities. The difference from analogs is the ability to repair and replace individual evaporator pipes without dismantling the entire device while maintaining its high freezing capacity. To assess the efficiency of the proposed system, an analytical mathematical model of its functioning has been developed. The modeling of the functioning of the seasonal cooling device for the climatic conditions of the Arctic cities Varandey, Salekhard, and Igarka has been carried out. It is shown that this device can always freeze the soil under emergency buildings and structures.
Silica's Medium in Various Concentration Effect on Navicula sp. Metabolism
Authors: Karillanata Khalid Erlangga , Luthfiana Dwi Hardianti , Maghfiroh Khusnul Qonita , Kurnianto Dedy , Amelia Ria , Erfianti Tia , Suyono Eko Agus 
Published: September 2024

Abstract Navicula sp., an aquatic microalgae species, are numerous and diverse, with high metabolites so they hold great potential in biotechnology. Although it has many advantages, it is often not used in industry. In silica medium, Navicula sp. produces various metabolites depending on their concentration. This research aims to discover how adding silica to the medium affects the growth and production of Navicula sp. metabolites so that cultivation can be carried out at low cost and with maximum results. For 21 days, this experiment was carried out with three concentrations of silica (1; 1.5; and 2 mL/L) and one control (0 mL/L) grown each in a 500 mL culture of Navicula sp. Repetition was done thrice for each measurement parameter; growth speed, biomass production, lipids, carbohydrates, and protein. Medium silica 1.5 mL/L was the optimal concentration for growth speed, biomass production, and carbohydrate production for Navicula sp. (0.083; 0.54; and 0.075 mg/day, respectively). Meanwhile, the optimal silica concentration for lipid and protein production for Navicula sp. were 1 mL/L medium and control medium (0.517 and 0.8 × 10-2 mg/day, respectively). Overall, this research can be used to grow Navicula sp. in producing specific metabolites optimally. AbstrakNavicula sp., spesies mikroalga akuatik, sangat banyak dan beragam dengan metabolit yang tinggi, sehingga memiliki potensi yang besar dalam bioteknologi. Meskipun memiliki banyak keunggulan, spesies ini seringkali tidak digunakan dalam industri. Dalam medium silika, Navicula sp. menghasilkan berbagai metabolit tergantung pada konsentrasinya. Tujuan dari penelitan ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penambahan silika dalam medium memengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produksi metabolit Navicula sp., sehingga kultivasi dapat dilakukan dengan biaya yang rendah dan hasil yang maksimal. Selama 21 hari, eksperimen ini dilakukan dengan tiga konsentrasi silika (1; 1,5; dan 2 mL/L) dan satu kontrol (0 mL/L) yang ditumbuhkan di dalam 500 mL kultur Navicula sp. Pengulangan dilakukan tiga kali untuk setiap parameter pengukuran, yaitu kecepatan pertumbuhan, produksi biomassa, lipid, karbohidrat, dan protein. Medium silika 1,5 mL/L merupakan konsentrasi yang optimal untuk kecepatan pertumbuhan, produksi biomassa, dan produksi karbohidrat bagi Navicula sp. (0.083; 0.54; dan 0.075 mg/hari, secara berurutan). Sementara itu, konsentrasi silika yang optimal untuk produksi lipid dan protein bagi Navicula sp., secara berurutan, adalah medium 1 mL/L dan medium kontrol (0.517 dan 0.8 × 10-2 mg/hari). Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai solusi untuk menumbuhkan Navicula sp. dalam memproduksi metabolit tertentu secara optimal.
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Velvet Bean Leaves Ethanolic Ointment (Mucuna pruriens L. (DC.)) on Mice Leukocytes Level
Authors: Fadilaturahmah Fadilaturahmah , Rahayu Resti , Santoso Putra 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInflammation is a serious problem that needs to be treated. The use of steroid and non-steroidal drugs can treat inflammation well, but long-term use causes many side effects. So, it is necessary to use effective natural medicinal ingredients, one of which is velvet bean leaves (Mucuna pruriens L. (DC.)). This study aims to analyze the effect of velvet bean leaf ointment on the level of leukocyte components in mice experiencing inflammation. This research method was an experiment with a completely randomized design consisting of 6 treatment groups (normal, negative control, positive control (ketoconazole ointment)), velvet bean leaf ointment treatment at doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kgBW. The results showed that the use of velvet bean leaf ointment at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kgBW was able to significantly reduce the quantity of total leukocytes and monocytes in mice compared to the negative control (P <0.05); ointment at a dose of 200 mg/kgBW was able to significantly reduce the quantity of granulocytes and lymphocytes in mice compared to the negative control (P <0.05). The ability of velvet bean leaf ointment at a dose of 200 mg/kgBW is better in reducing the leukocyte quantity component compared to commercial drugs (ketoconazole ointment). Therefore, velvet bean leaf ointment at a dose of 200 mg/kgBW has great potential to be developed into an effective standardized anti-inflammatory drug.AbstrakInflamasi merupakan masalah serius yang perlu ditangani. Penggunaan obat steroid dan nonsteroid dapat mengatasi inflamasi dengan baik, namun penggunaan jangka panjang menimbulkan banyak efek samping. Maka dari itu perlu digunakan bahan obat alami yang efektif, salah satunya adalah daun kacang miang (Mucuna pruriens L. (DC.)). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh salep daun kacang miang terhadap kadar komponen leukosit pada mencit yang mengalami inflamasi. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari 6 kelompok perlakuan (normal, kontrol negatif, kontrol positif (salep ketokonazol)), perlakuan salep daun kacang miang dosis 200, 400, dan 600 mg/kgBB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan salep daun kacang miang dosis 200 dan 400 mg/kgBB mampu menurunkan kuantitas total leukosit dan monosit mencit secara bermakna dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif (P <0,05); Salep daun kacang miang dosis 200 mg/kgBB mampu menurunkan jumlah granulosit dan limfosit pada mencit secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif (P <0,05). Kemampuan salep daun kacang miang dosis 200 mg/kgBB lebih baik dalam menurunkan komponen jumlah leukosit dibandingkan dengan obat komersial (salep ketokonazol). Oleh karena itu, salep daun kacang miang dosis 200 mg/kgBB memiliki potensi besar untuk dikembangkan menjadi obat antiinflamasi terstandar yang efektif.
Clinical characteristics associated with problematic pornography use among individuals seeking treatment for opioid use disorder
Authors: Stefanovics Elina A. , Kraus Shane W. , Madden Lynn M. , Farnum Scott , Cannata Erica , Potenza Marc N. , Barry Declan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsMany jurisdictions are experiencing opioid epidemics. Opioid use disorder (OUD) often co-occurs with other psychiatric disorders including behavioral addictions like gambling disorder. However, little is known regarding the frequency and correlates of problematic pornography use (PPU) among people seeking treatment for OUD. Here we aimed to investigate PPU and its correlates in people seeking OUD treatment.MethodFrom October 2018 to March 2020, 1,272 individuals seeking OUD treatment were screened for PPU by completing the Brief Pornography Screen (BPS), a 5-item instrument validated for assessing PPU. Self-reported data were used.ResultsAmong the sample there were 707 (60%) males and 565 (40%) females. The mean age of participants was 37.9 ± 10.5 years (range 18–73), there were 707 (60%) males and 565 (40%) females, 9.9% (n = 126) exhibited low positive BPS scores (1 ≤ score < 4), and 4.5% of the sample (n = 57) screened positive for PPU (BPS score ≥4). Individuals screening positive for PPU versus negative were mostly male (77%), scored higher on measures of impulsivity in the domains of positive urgency, negative urgency, and sensation-seeking and demonstrated more psychopathology on measures of substance use, psychotic symptoms, emotional lability, depression/functioning and self-harm.Discussion and ConclusionA minority of individuals seeking treatment for OUD screened positive for PPU. Among individuals with OUD, those screening positive (versus negative) for PPU were more impulsive and experienced more psychiatric symptoms, suggesting the need for additional investigation and screening for and addressing PPU in people with OUD.
The security and military context of the Russia–Ukraine war
Authors: Kis-Benedek József 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOne year of full-fledged conventional war fought on the European continent between two large countries, including a nuclear power, is obviously a historical watershed for NATO and the whole Euro-Atlantic area. The conflict has already caused many casualties, destroyed infrastructure and degraded the relationship between the West and Russia. The lecture summarizes the most important elements of the crisis from security and military perspectives.
Clinical profile of patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: experience of a regional vascular center
Authors: Nesova A. K. , Tsydypova D. B. , Ryabov V. V. 
Published: September 2024

Aim. To identify the main clinical and paraclinical characteristics of patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) of various risk groups for adverse ischemic events, as well as to describe the in-hospital outcomes of the disease.Material and methods. The retrospective analysis included 600 patients who were hospitalized at the regional vascular center from January 2019 to January 2021 with a diagnosis of NSTE-ACS.Results. Patients were stratified into very high — 208 (34,7%), high — 196 (32,7%), moderate — 108 (18%) and low — 88 (14,6%) risk groups. In the highand very high-risk groups, patients were older, characterized by a significant comorbidity index, increased bleeding risk, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction and glomerular filtration rate in comparison with patients of other groups (p<0,05). Very highrisk patients were characterized by associated clinical conditions, predominantly infectious diseases and decompensated heart failure. Unfavorable outcome of hospitalization was observed in 44 (7,3%) patients. The death probability in the very high-risk group (33; 15,9%) was higher than in the low-risk group (2; 2,3%) (Odds ratio 8,1 (95% confidence interval: 1,9-34,6); p=0,01). Regardless of the risk degree, there was a high (53,5%) likelihood of completing invasive coronary angiography as a diagnostic procedure. Most of the observed complications as a result of invasive coronary angiography were characteristic of the high(18,3%) and very high-risk groups (21,5%).Conclusion. NSTE-ACS patients at very high/high risk of adverse ischemic events represent a heterogeneous group with cardiac and noncardiac pathologies with high comorbidity and bleeding risks, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction and glomerular filtration rate, and associated clinical conditions.
Cardiac manifestations in myotonic dystrophy type 1
Authors: Klementieva A. G. , Erokhina E. K. , Shamtieva K. V. , Melnik E. A. , Khrobostova  A. N. , Filipenko M. B. , Arakelyants A. A. , Peters T. V. , Pavlikova E. P. 
Published: September 2024

Aim. To characterize cardiac damage in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (MD1), which is the most common form of hereditary primary muscular pathology in adults.Material and methods. Forty-eight patients with MD1 (31 men, 17 women, mean age 39,2±9,3 years) underwent clinical examination, neuropsychological examination, lipid profile assessment, electrocardiography (ECG), Holter ECG monitoring, and echocar-diography. Four clinical cases are presented that demonstrate clear cardiac manifestations of MD1.Results. The patients did not complain of arrhythmias or chest pain, while 7 (14,6%) had complaints of exercise shortness of breath. Cardiac conduction disorders occurred in 18 (37,5%) patients, which were represented by firstand second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, his bundle and intraventricular conduction disturbances. According to Holter monitoring, heart rate <60 bpm was recorded in 46 (95,8%) patients, of which 2 (4,2%) were <30 bpm. One (2.1%) patient had atrial fibrillation. According to echocardiography, ventricular enlargement was detected in 3 (6,3%) patients, and atrial enlargement — in 8 (16,7%). None of the patients had an ejection fraction <50%.Conclusion. Cardiac involvement is a common manifestation of MD1. Full cardiac examination can help not only improve the quality of life of patients, but also avoid possible side effects of the prescribed treatment.
Dynamics of residual shunt closure within one year after endovascular patent foramen ovale closure: a clinical study
Authors: Tereshchenko A. S. , Merkulov E. V. 
Published: September 2024

Aim. To study 12-month dynamics of residual shunt (RS) closure after endovascular patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure.Material and methods. We analyzed the data of 80 patients who underwent endovascular PFO closure at the Chazov National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases in the period 2018-2023. All patients underwent a full range of examinations in accordance with current clinical guidelines. The severity of RS immediately after occluder implantation, as well as after 1, 6 and 12 months post-intervention assessment was based on transesophageal echocardiogram bubble study at the control visit.Results. In the postoperative period, RS was visualized in 17,5% (n=14) of patients. Discharge was significant in 7,5% (n=6) of patients. One month after the intervention, residual significant discharge persisted in 10,0% (n=8) of patients. After 6 months, RS was visualized in 2,5% (n=2) of patients, and after 12 months, only in one patient (1,3%). The proportion of patients with RS 1 month after the intervention decreased to 42,9%, after 6 months to 85,7%, and after 12 months to 92,9% (p<0,05).Conclusion. Most patients with RS after endovascular intervention for PFO are characterized by complete endocardialization of the occluder and PFO closure within the first year.
Potential and limitations of secondary prevention of noncommunicable diseases: data from a survey of Russian outpatient physicians
Authors: Mamedov M. N. , Kutsenko V. A. , Drapkina О. M. 
Published: September 2024

Aim. To identify potential and limitations of secondary prevention of noncommunicable diseases in outpatient clinics of various Russian cities.Material and methods. Outpatient physicians from 16 Russian cities took part in the cross-sectional study. A total of 545 general practitioners took part in the survey. The survey was carried out using a previously prepared questionnaire at the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine. It consisted of 11 blocks of questions, including sex and age characteristics, the prevalence of various diseases, adherence to therapy, preferential provision of medications, consultation assistance by hospital-based physicians and coverage of doctors and nursing staff. Answers were offered in several gradations to each question. Depending on the population, cities were divided into 4 following subgroups: population >2 million people (Moscow and St. Petersburg), population of 1-2 million people (Samara, Rostov-onDon, Krasnodar, Krasnoyarsk, Omsk), population of 0,4-1 million people (Vladivostok, Ulyanovsk, Penza, Kursk, Kirov, Tomsk) and population <400 thousand people (Nalchik, Saransk, Ivanovo).Results. In all Russian cities, among men visited a clinic, 37% were people in the age range of 50-60 years. Second place was taken by men aged 60-65 years (30%). Most often, patients present with chronic coronary artery disease (39%), followed by type 2 diabetes (22,6%). Patients present with symptoms of heart failure in 17,7% of cases. Cancer account for 11,5% in the structure of visits. A similar frequency was found for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (9,2%). Every third patient is partially adherent to drug correction; partial non-adherence is detected 2 times less, while complete nonadherence is <3%. On average, 67% of doctors from different cities declare 75% achievement of target levels of risk factors, while one in five declare 50% achievement of recommended indicators. In most cases, physicians report minor problems during hospitalization. Every fifth doctor reported no problems, while every tenth respondent noted difficulties in hospitalizing patients. In every second case, partial staffing is noted. Moreover, a comparable trend is observed among doctors and nursing staff. In megacities and small towns the situation is somewhat better compared to cities with a population of 0,4 to 2 million.Conclusion. To optimize the secondary prevention of noncommunicable diseases, a number of measures at the outpatient healthcare level should be taken. This includes educational work on adherence to drug and non-drug treatment correction, expanding coverage of preferential medication provision, improving interaction with hospitalbased doctors and coverage of doctors and nursing staff.
Gender-specific characteristics of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in women: focus on pregnancy factors
Authors: Shperling M. I. , Mols A. A. , Kosulina V. M. , Abolmasov D. V. , Dzhioeva O. N. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: September 2024

The prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is relentlessly increasing, especially in women. Therefore, an important task is search for novel markers and early predictors of the disease. Evaluation of the association between physiological factors and complications of pregnancy and the development both early and longterm heart failure (HF) is also a substantial question. The younger women cohort is of particular interest because of the high prevalence of HFpEF among women in Russia. The purpose of the review is to assess gender differences in the HF, as well as to summarize the results of studies on the association of adverse pregnancy outcomes and development of HFpEF. The article describes the gender characteristics of the development of various HF types. We considered the morphofunctional, neurohumoral and age factors associated with the HF development in women, as well as the differences in the influence of the leading risk factors for HF between men and women. Particular attention is paid to the role of pregnancy factors in the development of various HF types. The following HF development variants in women have been identified: early (peripartum) and late (diagnosed in postmenopause). The pathophysiological mechanisms of the impact of extragenital pregnancy complications on HF development are described separately. Particular attention is paid to studying the relationship between pregnancy complications and HFpEF development in the long-term prognosis, as the most characteristic form of HF for women. The leading pregnancy complications associated with HFpEF development in postmenopause are hypertensive disorders (including preeclampsia and eclampsia) and gestational diabetes mellitus. A wider study of the association of pregnancy complications with HFpEF in a woman’s future is necessary to identify new mechanisms for its development.