bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of intravenous thrombolysis on recanalization rates in patients with stroke treated with bridging therapy
Authors: Mueller L. , Pult F. , Meisterernst J. , Heldner M. R. , Mono M.‐L. , Kurmann R. , Buehlmann M. , Fischer U. , Mattle H. P. , Arnold M. , Mordasini P. , Gralla J. , Schroth G. , El‐Koussy M. , Jung S. 
Published: June 2017

Background and purposeRandomized controlled trials have shown that bridging endovascular therapy (EVT) after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) therapy improves outcome in patients with stroke with large‐artery anterior circulation stroke compared with IVT alone. It remains unknown whether IVT adds any benefit to EVT in these patients. The aim of this study was to assess recanalization rates and thrombus dislocation before initiation of EVT in patients receiving bridging therapy.MethodsAll patients in the Bernese stroke registry (2008–2015) in whom bridging therapy was considered were included in this analysis. Relevant recanalization before EVT, thrombus dislocation and increase in thrombus load between initial and control imaging were assessed retrospectively.ResultsA total of 319 patients were included. Relevant recanalization before EVT occurred in 8.8% and thrombus dislocation in 7.2% of patients before EVT. Recanalization rates were significantly higher in distal compared with large and more proximal vessel occlusions of the anterior circulation (occlusion of internal carotid artery, 5.4%; middle cerebral artery segment M1, 8.1%; middle cerebral artery segment M2, 17.6%) and in drip‐and‐ship patients compared with mother‐ship patients. In multivariable regression analysis the occlusion site was the only independent predictor of relevant recanalization before EVT (P = 0.046).ConclusionsRelevant recanalization after IVT and prior to EVT in patients receiving bridging therapy was highly dependent on the occlusion site. These findings suggest that future randomized controlled trials should consider occlusion site and treatment paradigm to specify patients who benefit most from bridging therapy in comparison to EVT or IVT alone.
A single umbilical artery and omphalophlebitis in an Arabian foal
Authors: Girodroux M. , Lores M. , Vilaregut L. , Wilsher S. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryIn women, a single umbilical artery has been associated with congenital abnormalities and post‐natal problems for the infant. This paper describes a case of a single umbilical artery in the amniotic portion of an abnormally long umbilical cord of a recipient mare carrying an Arabian foal. In this case, the single umbilical artery did not appear to be associated with congenital abnormalities that resulted in fetal demise or serious post‐partum problems. However, the placenta showed signs, both during gestation and after delivery, of disturbances in its fluid dynamics, and omphalophlebitis developed in the foal at age one week. How such cord anomalies might disturb fluid homeostasis in the placenta or bias the foal to umbilical infection remains to be determined. Notwithstanding, careful examination of the umbilical cord at birth could alert attending veterinary clinicians to be particularly discerning in their examination of the umbilicus.
Global marine fisheries discards: A synthesis of reconstructed data
Authors: Zeller Dirk , Cashion Tim , Palomares Maria , Pauly Daniel 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAs part of the global marine fisheries catch reconstruction project conducted by the Sea Around Us over the last decade, estimates were derived for discards in all major fisheries in the world. The reconstruction process derives conservative but non‐zero time‐series estimates for every fisheries component known to exist, and relies on a wide variety of data and information sources and on conservative assumptions to ensure comprehensive and complete time‐series coverage. Globally, estimated discards increased from under 5 million t/year (t = 1,000 kg) in the early 1950s to a peak of 18.8 million t in 1989, and gradually declined thereafter to levels of the late 1950s of less than 10 million t/year. Thus, estimated discards represented between 10% and 20% of total reconstructed catches (reported landings + unreported landings + unreported discards) per year up to the year 2000, after which estimated discards accounted for slightly less than 10% of total annual catches. Most discards were generated by industrial (i.e. large‐scale) fisheries. Discarding occurred predominantly in northern Atlantic waters in the earlier decades (1950s–1980s), after which discarding off the West Coast of Africa dominated. More recently, fleets operating in Northwest Pacific and Western Central Pacific waters generated the most discards. In most areas, discards consist essentially of marketable taxa, suggesting a combination of poor fishing practices and poor management procedures is largely responsible for the waste discarding represents. This is important in an era of increasing food security and human nutritional health concerns, especially in developing countries.
Ab initio studies on phonon, dielectric, and piezoelectric responses in perovskite‐like bismuth aluminate
Authors: Song Yu‐Min , Dai Jian‐Qing , Xu Jie‐Wang , Cheng He‐Ming , Li Ru‐Yan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAb initio method was used to explore the phonon, dielectric, and piezoelectric responses mechanism of the R3c phase BiAlO3 with rhombohedral structure by the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) of density function theory (DFT) and density functional perturbation theory (DFPT) using the plane wave (PAW) method of VASP code. The lattice parameters calculated from the stability of the structure are consistent with the existing experimental data. The micromechanism of dielectric and piezoelectric response was explored. Through the analysis and research, it can be seen that the large values of dielectric element ε11 and piezoelectric element e26 are basically due to low‐frequency infrared (IR) active phonons (ωλ = 1.561 and 1.962 THz) with E irreducible representation.
Quantification of the thermal and chemical inhomogeneity of glasses
Authors: Bartolomey Simon , Krogel Sebastian , Conradt Reinhard , Roos Christian 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAttempts to scientifically capture and quantify glass homogeneity have been based on optical methods, namely, on those based on the work of Christiansen, Raman, and Shelyubskii. In industrial practice, a number of further methods are in use. In this study, glass homogeneity is determined by the measurement of density fluctuation. The method of “density titration” proposed in earlier literature is used in an essentially improved procedure. In this method, the density distribution is determined for a representative ensemble of glass particles prepared from a bulk glass sample. The particles float on a heavy liquid which is diluted, step by step, by a miscible liquid of lower density. The particle fraction with density exceeding the density of the mixture sinks. When the method is performed on quenched or hyperquenched glass, then two types of inhomogeneities contribute to the overall homogeneity, i.e., thermal and chemical contributions. By two consecutive measurements, one performed on a sample of quenched glass, one on the same sample relaxed at , these contributions are clearly discriminated. Results are presented by an error function type distribution where the median marks the average density, and the standard deviation is adopted as a measure of glass homogeneity.
Higher rate of central nervous system involvement by flow cytometry than morphology in acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Dass J. , Dayama A. , Mishra P. C. , Mahapatra M. , Seth T. , Tyagi S. , Pati H. P. , Saxena R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIntroductionCentral nervous system (CNS) involvement in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is diagnosed traditionally by cytopathology (CP) of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Role of flow cytometry (FC) to diagnose CNS involvement has not been extensively investigated.MethodsWe aimed to detect CNS involvement in 42 ALL patients (33 B‐ALL, nine T‐ALL) at diagnosis by FC and comparing it with CP and to correlate it with known risk factors for CNS disease like Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the cutoff of LDH to predict CSF involvement. For the analysis of categorical/quantitative variables, Fisher's exact test was used. For the analysis of continuous variables, Mann‐Whitney test was used. A P value of <.05 was taken as significant.ResultsCP and FC were positive in five (11.9%) and 11 patients (26.14%) respectively with FC detecting a significantly higher level of involvement (P=.001). All CP‐positive cases were FC positive. A LDH value of >472 U/L had a sensitivity of 61% and specificity of 62.5% for diagnosis of CSF involvement by FC.ConclusionsCSF FC detects CNS disease in ALL patients at diagnosis at a rate double than CP alone and is statistically associated with an elevated LDH level. It should be incorporated in the evaluation of CSF to detect CNS involvement.
Evaluation of the Sysmex XN‐550, a Novel Compact Haematology analyser from the XN‐L® series, compared to the XN‐20 system
Authors: Tailor H. , Mackie I. , Mellick A. , Machin S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIntroductionThe XN‐550 is a new, automated, compact, haematology analyser designed to generate a full blood count with a standard five‐part white blood cell differential and an immature granulocyte count, as well as an optional reticulocyte and optical platelet (PLT) counts. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of the XN‐550 and compare it to the established XN‐20 system.MethodsWe evaluated the basic parameter and special measurement channels of the XN‐550, using the XN‐20 (which has a similar operating system), as a reference analyser. Precision, carry‐over and throughput evaluations were performed. In addition, a total of 202 samples including normal controls and various pathological samples were studied for comparability.ResultsGood correlations with the reference analyser were obtained for all parameters except basophils. The XN‐550 offers impedance and optical PLT counts and the latter showed a better correlation and less scatter than the impedance count and was comparable to the XN‐20 fluorescent count at PLT counts ≤40×109/L. Precision was good, and no significant carry‐over was detected.ConclusionsThe XN‐550 was simple and easy to use, while maintaining the good diagnostic sensitivity seen with high‐range systems such as the XN‐20, making this compact device suitable for near‐patient services and smaller satellite laboratories.
Phase evolution from Ln2Ti2O7 (Ln=Y and Gd) pyrochlores to brannerites in glass with uranium incorporation
Authors: Zhang Yingjie , Kong Linggen , Aughterson Robert D. , Karatchevtseva Inna , Zheng Rongkun 
Published: June 2017

AbstractLn2Ti2O7 (Ln=Y and Gd) pyrochlore glass‐ceramics have been fabricated successfully via internal crystallization. Subsequently, the phase evolution from Ln2Ti2O7 pyrochlores to Ln0.5U0.5Ti2O6 brannerites in glass with uranium (U) substitutions on the Ln‐site of Ln2Ti2O7 has been investigated using X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope‐electron dispersive spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Combined characterization by XRD, SEM‐EDS and TEM SAED confirms the structures and phase evolution while Raman spectroscopy reveals characteristic vibration modes for both pyrochlore and brannerite. In addition, DRS of the U5+ ion has been used to probe the phase evolution, with the corresponding f‐f transition band of 2F7/2 energy level significantly shifting to longer wavenumbers due to the local coordination environment changing from eightfold coordination in pyrochlore to sixfold coordination in brannerite.
Polypharmacy and Gait Performance in Community–dwelling Older Adults
Authors: George Claudene , Verghese Joe 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesTo examine the relationship between polypharmacy and gait performance during simple (normal walk (NW)) and complex (walking while talking (WWT)) locomotion.DesignCross‐sectional.SettingCommunity.ParticipantsCommunity‐dwelling older adults (N = 482).MeasurementsPolypharmacy, defined as use of five or more medications and a cohort‐specific alternate definition of eight or more medications, was examined. Velocity (cm/s) measured quantitatively during NW and WWT conditions.ResultsThe 164 participants (34%) with polypharmacy of five or more medications were older (77.0 ± 6.6 vs 76.0 ± 6.4) and more likely to have hypertension, congestive heart failure, diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarction, and higher body mass index (BMI) and to have fallen within the last year than the remaining 318 without polypharmacy and walked 6 cm/s slower (P = .004) during NW and 4 cm/s slower during WWT (P = .07), adjusting for age, sex, and education. Group differences were not statistically significant after adjusting for comorbidities. Prevalence of polypharmacy of eight or more medications was 10%. This group walked 11 cm/s slower during NW (P < .001) and 8.6 cm/s slower during WWT (P = .01) than those without polypharmacy, adjusted for age, sex, and education. Participants taking eight or more medications had slower NW (8.5 cm/s; P = .01), and WWT (6.9 cm/s; P = .07), compared to those without polypharmacy, adjusting for comorbidities. Adjustments for BMI, high‐risk drugs, falls, and comorbidities yielded slower NW (9.4 cm/s, P = .005) and WWT (7.9 cm/s, P = .04 among those with polypharmacy compared to those without polypharmacy).ConclusionThese results suggest an association between polypharmacy and locomotion that medical comorbidities only partly explained.
Localized micronutrient patches induce lateral root foraging and chemotropism in Nicotiana attenuata
Authors: Ferrieri Abigail P. , Machado Ricardo A. R. , Arce Carla C. M. , Kessler Danny , Baldwin Ian T. , Erb Matthias 
Published: June 2017

AbstractNutrients are distributed unevenly in the soil. Phenotypic plasticity in root growth and proliferation may enable plants to cope with this variation and effectively forage for essential nutrients. However, how micronutrients shape root architecture of plants in their natural environments is poorly understood. We used a combination of field and laboratory‐based assays to determine the capacity of Nicotiana attenuata to direct root growth towards localized nutrient patches in its native environment. Plants growing in nature displayed a particular root phenotype consisting of a single primary root and a few long, shallow lateral roots. Analysis of bulk soil surrounding the lateral roots revealed a strong positive correlation between lateral root placement and micronutrient gradients, including copper, iron and zinc. In laboratory assays, the application of localized micronutrient salts close to lateral root tips led to roots bending in the direction of copper and iron. This form of chemotropism was absent in ethylene and jasmonic acid deficient lines, suggesting that it is controlled in part by these two hormones. This work demonstrates that directed root growth underlies foraging behavior, and suggests that chemotropism and micronutrient‐guided root placement are important factors that shape root architecture in nature.
Genetic study of the BRAF gene reveals new variants and high frequency of the V600E mutation among Iranian ameloblastoma patients
Authors: Soltani Maryam , Tabatabaiefar Mohammad Amin , Mohsenifar Zhaleh , Pourreza Mohammad Reza , Moridnia Abbas , Shariati Laleh , Razavi Seyyed Mohammad 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundAmeloblastoma is a benign, slow‐growing and locally invasive tumor. It is one of the most prevalent odontogenic tumors, with an incidence rate of 1% of all oral tumors and approximately 18% of odontogenic tumors. A group of genes have been investigated in patients with ameloblastoma. The BRAF V600E mutation has been implicated as the most common mutation in ameloblastoma. The presence or absence of this mutation has been associated with several clinicopathological properties, including location, age at diagnosis, histology, and prognosis. Although some populations have been investigated so far, little data are available on the Iranian population. The current research was launched to study the BRAF V600E mutation among a cohort of Iranian patients with ameloblastoma.MethodsIn this clinicopathological and molecular biology study, a total of 19 formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissues were studied. DNA extraction was performed, followed by PCR‐sequencing of exons 10 and 15 of the BRAF gene to identify mutations. In silico analysis was performed for the identified variants. Results were analyzed by T test, Chi‐square, and Fisher's exact test.ResultsTotally, 12 of 19 samples (63%) harbored the p. V600E hotspot mutation. In addition, we identified several variants, two of which were novel. The c.1769T>G (p. V590G) and c.1751C>T (p.L584F) as the novel variants showed a possible damaging effect by in silico analysis. No variant was found within exon 10.ConclusionsOur study confirms the role of BRAF mutations in ameloblastoma in the Iranian patients studied.
On the equilibrium and welfare consequences of getting ahead of the Smiths
Authors: Gavrel Frédéric , Rebière Thérèse 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper provides an analysis of the social consequences of people seeking to get ahead of the Smiths. All individuals attempt to reach a higher rank than the Smiths, including the Smiths themselves. This attitude gives rise to an equilibrium in which all individuals have equal utilities but unequal (gross) incomes. Due to a rat‐race effect, individuals devote too much energy to climbing the social scale. However, laissez‐faire equilibrium is an equal‐utility constrained social optimum. Conversely, a utilitarian social planner would not choose utility equality. Unexpectedly, this social ambition theory fairly well accounts for empirical intermediate wage inequality.
Regulation of growth–defense balance by the JASMONATE ZIM‐DOMAIN (JAZ)‐MYC transcriptional module
Authors: Major Ian T. , Yoshida Yuki , Campos Marcelo L. , Kapali George , Xin Xiu‐Fang , Sugimoto Koichi , de Oliveira Ferreira Dalton , He Sheng Yang , Howe Gregg A. 
Published: June 2017

Summary

The plant hormone jasmonate (JA) promotes the degradation of JASMONATE ZIM‐DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins to relieve repression on diverse transcription factors (TFs) that execute JA responses. However, little is known about how combinatorial complexity among JAZ–TF interactions maintains control over myriad aspects of growth, development, reproduction, and immunity.

We used loss‐of‐function mutations to define epistatic interactions within the core JA signaling pathway and to investigate the contribution of MYC TFs to JA responses in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Constitutive JA signaling in a jaz quintuple mutant (jazQ) was largely eliminated by mutations that block JA synthesis or perception. Comparison of jazQ and a jazQ myc2 myc3 myc4 octuple mutant validated known functions of MYC2/3/4 in root growth, chlorophyll degradation, and susceptibility to the pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. We found that MYC TFs also control both the enhanced resistance of jazQ leaves to insect herbivory and restricted leaf growth of jazQ. Epistatic transcriptional profiles mirrored these phenotypes and further showed that triterpenoid biosynthetic and glucosinolate catabolic genes are up‐regulated in jazQ independently of MYC TFs.

Our study highlights the utility of genetic epistasis to unravel the complexities of JAZ–TF interactions and demonstrates that MYC TFs exert master control over a JAZ‐repressible transcriptional hierarchy that governs growth–defense balance.
Educational strategies and atraumatic restorative treatment effect on salivary characteristics: A controlled clinical trial
Authors: Freitas CN , Castelo PM , Sousa KG , Alonso GC , Fonseca FLA , Klein MI , Barbosa TS 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveTo evaluate educational strategies and atraumatic restorative treatment (ART)‐restoration impact on salivary physicochemical and microbiological characteristics.DesignTwo groups of 6‐ to 7‐year‐old children were included: GART, with at least one decayed primary molar (n = 36), submitted to four sessions of oral health educational strategy (OHES) and ART restoration; GC, a paired caries‐free group (n = 36), submitted to four sessions of OHES. Three evaluations were carried out: baseline, 1 week after OHES, and 1 month after OHES or ART, when biofilm and gingivitis frequencies, salivary flow, pH, buffer capacity, calcium and phosphorus concentrations were assessed. Total bacteria and Streptococcus mutans were quantified in unstimulated saliva (qPCR).ResultsImprovement in biofilm and gingivitis scores, salivary pH, and buffering capacity after OHES was observed in GC, with a decrease in total bacteria and S. mutans counts. GART also showed changes in salivary parameters, even before ART restoration was delivered, and total bacteria count remained lower than baseline 1 month after ART restoration, although a trend to increase the proportion of S. mutans was observed.ConclusionImprovements in salivary physicochemical and microbiological characteristics were observed after educational strategies, thus reducing the caries risk of children with decayed teeth, although a trend to increase the S. mutans percentage was observed 1 month after ART restoration.
Detection of human polyomaviruses JC and BK in liver pretransplant patients
Authors: Figueiredo MA , Domingues Fink MC , Castro T , Braz‐Silva PH , Steffens JC , Eduardo FP , Gallottini M , Ortega KL 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify and quantify polyomaviruses (BKPyV and JCPyV) in the saliva, mouthwash, blood and urine of liver pretransplant patients.Materials and MethodsA case–control study was performed using a convenience sample of 21 end‐stage liver disease patients (EG = experimental group) and 20 normoreactive controls (CG = control group). In total, 162 samples were collected. Detection and quantification of polyomaviruses were performed using real‐time PCR method.ResultsIn the EG, 21 samples (25%) were positive for BKPyV and 10 (11.90%) for JCPyV, while in the CG, 27 samples (34.61%) were positive for BKPyV and six (7.69%) for JCPyV. With regard to the number of samples positive for BKPyV and JCPyV, there was no statistically significant difference between EG and CG (p = .52 and p = .25). In the EG, we observed a panorama similar to that of the CG regarding the presence of polyomaviruses in mouthwash, blood and urine. The greatest difference between the samples was that regarding the identification of BKPyV in saliva.ConclusionCirrhotic patients on the liver transplant waiting list did not show higher prevalence of BKPyV and JCPyV compared to normoreactive controls.