bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthetic lung surfactants containing SP-B and SP-C peptides plus novel phospholipase-resistant lipids or glycerophospholipids
Authors: Notter Robert H. , Gupta Rohun , Schwan Adrian L. , Wang Zhengdong , Shkoor Mohanad Gh , Walther Frans J. 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundThis study examines the biophysical and preclinical pulmonary activity of synthetic lung surfactants containing novel phospholipase-resistant phosphonolipids or synthetic glycerophospholipids combined with Super Mini-B (S-MB) DATK and/or SP-Css ion-lock 1 peptides that replicate the functional biophysics of surfactant proteins (SP)-B and SP-C. Phospholipase-resistant phosphonolipids used in synthetic surfactants are DEPN-8 and PG-1, molecular analogs of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and palmitoyl-oleoyl phosphatidylglycerol (POPG), while glycerophospholipids used are active lipid components of native surfactant (DPPC:POPC:POPG 5:3:2 by weight). The objective of the work is to test whether these novel lipid/peptide synthetic surfactants have favorable preclinical activity (biophysical, pulmonary) for therapeutic use in reversing surfactant deficiency or dysfunction in lung disease or injury.MethodsSurface activity of synthetic lipid/peptide surfactants was assessedin vitroat 37 °C by measuring adsorption in a stirred subphase apparatus and dynamic surface tension lowering in pulsating and captive bubble surfactometers. Shear viscosity was measured as a function of shear rate on a Wells-Brookfield micro-viscometer.In vivopulmonary activity was determined by measuring lung function (arterial oxygenation, dynamic lung compliance) in ventilated rats and rabbits with surfactant deficiency/dysfunction induced by saline lavage to lower arterial PO2to <100 mmHg, consistent with clinical acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).ResultsSynthetic surfactants containing 5:3:2 DPPC:POPC:POPG or 9:1 DEPN-8:PG-1 combined with 3% (by wt) of S-MB DATK, 3% SP-Css ion-lock 1, or 1.5% each of both peptides all adsorbed rapidly to low equilibrium surface tensions and also reduced surface tension to ≤1 mN/m under dynamic compression at 37 °C. However, dual-peptide surfactants containing 1.5% S-MB DATK + 1.5% SP-Css ion-lock 1 combined with 9:1 DEPN-8:PG-1 or 5:3:2 DPPC:POPC:POPG had the greatestin vivoactivity in improving arterial oxygenation and dynamic lung compliance in ventilated animals with ARDS. Saline dispersions of these dual-peptide synthetic surfactants were also found to have shear viscosities comparable to or below those of current animal-derived surfactant drugs, supporting their potential ease of deliverability by instillation in future clinical applications.DiscussionOur findings support the potential of dual-peptide synthetic lipid/peptide surfactants containing S-MB DATK + SP-Css ion-lock 1 for treating diseases of surfactant deficiency or dysfunction. Moreover, phospholipase-resistant dual-peptide surfactants containing DEPN-8/PG-1 may have particular applications in treating direct forms of ARDS where endogenous phospholipases are present in the lungs.
A statistical analysis of equatorial plasma bubble structures based on an all‐sky airglow imager network in China
Authors: Sun Longchang , Xu Jiyao , Wang Wenbin , Yuan Wei , Li Qinzeng , Jiang Chaowei 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis paper investigates the statistical features of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) using airglow images from 2012 to 2014 from a ground‐based network of four imagers in the equatorial region of China. It is found that (1) EPBs mainly occur during 21:00–00:00 local time (LT) in equinoxes. There is an asymmetry in occurrence rates between March (June) and September equinoxes (December solstices). (2) Most EPBs occur in groups of two to six depletions. The distance between adjacent EPB depletions is ~100–700 km, and the average is 200–300 km. The zonal extension of an EPB group is usually less than 1500 km but can reach 3000 km. (3) EPBs usually have a maximum drift velocity near 100 m/s at 21:00–22:00 LT in 9.5° ± 1.5° geomagnetic latitude and then decrease to 50–70 m/s toward sunrise. (4) The averaged westward tilt angle of most EPBs (with respect to the geographic north‐south) increased from 5°–10° to 23°–30° with LT between 20:00 and 03:00 LT, then decreasing to 10°–20° toward sunrise. (5) When 90 < F10.7 < 140, the maximum magnetic latitudinal extension (PMLE) is usually lower than 15.0° (apex height ~725 km), but it can reach 23.0° (apex height ~1330 km) when F10.7 > 140. The maximum PMLE increases by 3.4°–5.5° when F10.7 changes from 90 to 190. (6) The EPB occurrence patterns and zonal drift velocities are significantly different from those at Kolhapur, India, which locates west to our stations by 20.0°–32.0° in longitude.
Impacts of changing fire weather conditions on reconstructed trends in U.S. wildland fire activity from 1979 to 2014
Authors: Freeborn Patrick H. , Jolly W. Matt , Cochrane Mark A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractOne component of climate‐fire interactions is the relationship between weather conditions concurrent with burning (i.e., fire danger) and the magnitude of fire activity. Here daily environmental conditions are associated with daily observations of fire activity within ecoregions across the continental United States (CONUS) by aligning the latter 12 years of a 36 year gridded fire danger climatology with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer fire products. Results reveal that although modern relationships (2003–2014) vary regionally, fires across the majority of CONUS are more likely to be present and burning more vigorously as fire danger increases. Applying modern relationships to the entire climatology (1979–2014) indicates that in the absence of other influences, changes in fire danger have significantly increased the number of days per year that fires are burning across 42–49% of CONUS (by area) while also significantly increasing daily fire growth and daily heat release across 37–45% of CONUS. Increases in the fire activity season length coupled with an intensification of daily burning characteristics resulted in a CONUS‐wide +0.02 Mha yr−1 trend in burned area, a 10.6 g m−2 yr−1 trend in the amount of fuel consumed per unit burned area, and ultimately a +0.51 Tg yr−1 trend in dry matter consumption. Overall, the results demonstrate regional variations in the response of fires to changes in fire danger and that weather conditions concurrent with burning have a three‐pronged impact on the magnitude of fire activity by affecting the seasonal duration, spatial extent, and combustion intensity.
Stueckelberg Oscillations in a Two‐State Two‐Path Model of a Conical Intersection
Authors: Nalbach Peter , Javanbakht Samaneh , Stahl Christopher , Thorwart Michael 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe two‐state two‐path model is introduced as a minimized model to describe the quantum dynamics of an electronic wave packet in the vicinity of a conical intersection. It involves two electronic potential energy surfaces each of which hosts a pair of quasi‐classical trajectories over which the wave packet is assumed to be delocalized. When both trajectories evolve dynamically either diabatically or adiabatically, the full wave packet dynamics shows only features of the dynamics around avoided level crossings in the vicinity of the conical intersection. When one trajectory evolves adiabatically whereas the other trajectory follows a diabatic evolution, quantum mechanical interference of the wave packet components on each path generates Stueckelberg oscillations in the transition probability. These are surprisingly robust against a dissipative environment and, thus, should be a marker for conical intersections.
Evolution of surface plasmon–polariton wave in a thin metal film: The modulation‐instability effect
Authors: Moiseev Sergey G. , Korobko Dmitry A. , Zolotovskii Igor O. , Fotiadi Andrei A. 
Published: October 2016

The modulation instability development of intensive surface plasmon–polariton waves in a thin metal film is studied. It is shown both analytically and numerically that the modulation‐instability effect can give rise to spatial redistribution and longitudinal localization of surface plasmon–polariton wave energy on the subwavelength scale. Analytical expressions for the driving parameters of the modulation instability process − nonlinearity and dispersion − are derived. The impact of the film thickness and dielectric permittivities of constituents on the dynamics of surface plasmon–polariton wave transformation is considered. Numerical simulations show that in the layer structure comprising a silver film of subwavelength thickness a train of subpicosecond optical pulses with high repetition rate can be generated.
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Thiolate‐Mediated Photoinduced Synthesis of Ultrafine Ag2S Quantum Dots from Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Cao Yitao , Geng Wei , Shi Run , Shang Lu , Waterhouse Geoffrey I. N. , Liu Limin , Wu Li‐Zhu , Tung Chen‐Ho , Yin Yadong , Zhang Tierui 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPhotoinduced syntheses offer significant advantages over conventional thermal strategies, including improved control over reaction kinetics and low synthesis temperatures, affording nanoparticles with nontrivial and thermodynamically unstable structures. However, the photoinduced syntheses of non‐metallic nanocrystalline products (such as metal sulfides) have not yet been reported. Herein, we demonstrate the first photoinduced synthesis of ultrafine (sub‐2 nm) Ag2S quantum dots (QDs) from Ag nanoparticles at 10 °C. By thorough investigation of the mechanism for the transformation, a fundamental link was established between the intrinsic structures of the molecular intermediates and the final Ag2S products. Our results confirm the viability of low‐temperature photochemical approaches in metal sulfide synthesis, and demonstrate a new rule which could be followed in it.
Synthese nichtnatürlicher Aminosäuren durch die regioselektive Cobalt(III)‐katalysierte intermolekulare Carboaminierung von Alkenen
Authors: Lerchen Andreas , Knecht Tobias , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Glorius Frank 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWir berichten über eine regioselektive und vollständig atomökonomische Cobalt(III)‐katalysierte Reaktion für die acyclische intermolekulare Carboaminierung von Alkenen. Die gezeigte Carboaminierungsmethode ermöglicht die direkte Synthese von nichtnatürlichen Aminosäurederivaten und verläuft unter redoxneutralen Bedingungen mit einer vollständig regioselektiven C‐C‐ und C‐N‐Bindungsknüpfung. Des Weiteren veranschaulicht diese Reaktion das inhärent unterschiedliche mechanistische Verhalten des Cp*CoIII‐Katalysators und seines Cp*RhIII‐Gegenstücks, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die β‐Hydrid‐Eliminierung.
Kontrollierte Polymerisation von Multivinyl‐Monomeren: Bildung einer cyclischen/verknoteten Einzelketten‐Polymerarchitektur
Authors: Gao Yongsheng , Newland Ben , Zhou Dezhong , Matyjaszewski Krzysztof , Wang Wenxin 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFlory und Stockmayer prognostizierten vor siebzig Jahren, dass die Polymerisation von Multivinyl‐Monomeren (MVMs) unweigerlich in der Entstehung eines unlöslichen Gelnetzwerks resultiert. Seitdem wurden MVMs nahezu ausschließlich als Vernetzer verwendet. Kürzlich entwickelte Polymerisationsstrategien wie die radikalische Polymerisation mit reversibler Deaktivierung (“reversible deactivation radical polymerization”, RDRP) erweiterten die Möglichkeiten zur Herstellung neuartiger Polymerarchitekturen und die Benutzung ungewohnter funktioneller Gruppen. Dieser Kurzaufsatz beleuchtet neben geschichtlichen Hintergründen zum Problem der Polymerisation von MVMs auch die Synthese neuer cyclischer/verknoteter Polymerstrukturen. Einige potentielle Anwendungsmöglichkeiten werden ebenfalls diskutiert, denn das Potential dieser Polymerarchitekturen ist noch lange nicht ausgeschöpft.
Long‐Range Hydrophilic Attraction between Water and Polyelectrolyte Surfaces in Oil
Authors: Shi Chen , Yan Bin , Xie Lei , Zhang Ling , Wang Jingyi , Takahara Atsushi , Zeng Hongbo 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe outstanding water wettability and the capability of polyelectrolyte surfaces to spontaneously clean oil fouling are determined by their wetting mechanism in the surrounding medium. Here, we have quantified the nanomechanics between three types of polyelectrolyte surfaces (i.e. zwitterionic, cationic, and anionic) and water or oil drops using an atomic force microscope (AFM) drop probe technique, and elucidated the intrinsic wetting mechanisms of the polyelectrolyte surfaces in oil and water media. The measured forces between oil drops and polyelectrolyte surfaces in water can be described by the Derjaguin‐Landau‐Verwey‐Overbeek (DLVO) theory. Surprisingly, strong long‐range attraction was discovered between polyelectrolyte surfaces and water drops in oil, and the strongest interaction was measured for the polyzwitterion. This unexpected long‐range “hydrophilic” attraction in oil could be attributed to a strong dipolar interaction because of the large dipole moment of the polyelectrolytes. Our results provide new nanomechanical insights into the development of novel polyelectrolyte‐based materials and coatings for a wide range of engineering, bioengineering, and environmental applications.
Brief Report: The Role of Rare Protein‐Coding Variants in Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor Treatment Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Cui Jing , Diogo Dorothee , Stahl Eli A. , Canhao Helena , Mariette Xavier , Greenberg Jeffrey D. , Okada Yukinori , Pappas Dimitrios A. , Fulton Robert S. , Tak Paul P. , Nurmohamed Michael T. , Lee Annette , Larson David E. , Kurreeman Fina , Deluca Tracie L. , O'Laughlin Michelle , Fronick Catrina C. , Fulton Lucinda L. , Mardis Elaine R. , van der Horst‐Bruinsma Irene E. , Wolbink Gert‐Jan , Gregersen Peter K. , Kremer Joel M. , Crusius J. Bart A. , de Vries Niek , Huizinga Tom W. J. , Fonseca João Eurico , Miceli‐Richard Corinne , Karlson Elizabeth W. , Coenen Marieke J. H. , Barton Anne , Plenge Robert M. , Raychaudhuri Soumya 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveIn many rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, disease is controlled with anti–tumor necrosis factor (anti‐TNF) biologic therapies. However, in a significant number of patients, the disease fails to respond to anti‐TNF therapy. We undertook the present study to examine the hypothesis that rare and low‐frequency genetic variants might influence response to anti‐TNF treatment.MethodsWe sequenced the coding region of 750 genes in 1,094 RA patients of European ancestry who were treated with anti‐TNF. After quality control, 690 genes were included in the analysis. We applied single‐variant association and gene‐based association tests to identify variants associated with anti‐TNF treatment response. In addition, given the key mechanistic role of TNF, we performed gene set analyses of 27 TNF pathway genes.ResultsWe identified 14,420 functional variants, of which 6,934 were predicted as nonsynonymous 2,136 of which were further predicted to be “damaging.” Despite the fact that the study was well powered, no single variant or gene showed study‐wide significant association with change in the outcome measures disease activity or European League Against Rheumatism response. Intriguingly, we observed 3 genes, of 27 with nominal signals of association (P < 0.05), that were involved in the TNF signaling pathway. However, when we performed a rigorous gene set enrichment analysis based on association P value ranking, we observed no evidence of enrichment of association at genes involved in the TNF pathway (Penrichment = 0.15, based on phenotype permutations).ConclusionOur findings suggest that rare and low‐frequency protein‐coding variants in TNF signaling pathway genes or other genes do not contribute substantially to anti‐TNF treatment response in patients with RA.
Comparative data of single versus double proglide vascular preclose technique after percutaneous transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation from the optimized catheter valvular intervention (OCEAN‐TAVI) japanese multicenter registry
Authors: Kodama Atsuko , Yamamoto Masanori , Shimura Tetsuro , Kagase Ai , Koyama Yutaka , Tada Norio , Takagi Kensuke , Araki Motoharu , Yamanaka Futoshi , Shirai Shinichi , Watanabe Yusuke , Hayashida Kentaro 
Published: October 2016

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the feasibility of percutaneous arterial access site closure after percutaneous transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TF‐TAVI) using single versus double Perclose ProGlide devices.BackgroundsAlthough suturing with the preclose technique has been widely adopted during TF‐TAVI, the optimal vascular closure strategy is still under debate.MethodsData from 279 patients who underwent TF‐TAVI, obtained from the Optimized CathEter vAlvular iNtervention (OCEAN‐TAVI) Japanese multicenter registry. Technical, procedural, and clinical outcomes were compared between the single ProGlide group (n = 99) and double ProGlide group (n = 180). They were also analyzed by propensity adjusted matching model (single [n = 69] vs. double [n = 69]). All patients were treated through a 16‐Fr to 20‐Fr eSheath. Technical success of the closure device was defined as hemostasis not requiring alternative invasive treatment. Access site‐related vascular complications, bleedings, and other procedural complications were defined according to the Valvular Academic Research Consortium‐2 (VARC‐2) criteria.ResultsThe rates of technical success and access site‐related vascular complications were similar in the 2 groups (94.9% vs. 91.6%, p = 0.44; 5.0% vs. 7.7%, p = 0.54, respectively). The prevalence of bleeding complications did not differ between the 2 groups (1.0% vs. 3.3%, p = 0.43). Thirty‐day mortality rate also showed no difference between the 2 groups (2.0% vs. 1.1%, p = 0.95), although these events were not associated with access site failure. These results were not attenuated in the propensity matching model.ConclusionsVascular closure with a single ProGlide in TF‐TAVI could achieve equivalent, acceptable rates of technical success and procedural complications compared with the double ProGlide technique. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
SnO2/Sn Nanoparticles Embedded in an Ordered, Porous Carbon Framework for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Wang Zhi‐Qiang , Wang Ming‐Shan , Yang Zhen‐Liang , Bai Yong‐Shun , Ma Yan , Wang Guo‐Liang , Huang Yun , Li Xing 
Published: October 2016

AbstractTin dioxide (SnO2) is recognized as one of the most promising anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries. However, the large volume changes of pure SnO2 anodes during Li+ insertion/extraction inevitably result in rapid capacity decay. Herein, the fabrication of microsized, porous SnO2/Sn/carbon (p‐SnO2/Sn/C) composites by a straightforward one‐step hydrothermal process with triblock copolymer Pluronic F‐127 as templating agent and subsequent carbonization is reported. In this composite structure, SnO2/Sn nanoparticles (≈5 nm) are uniformly embedded in an ordered porous carbon matrix to form an interpenetrating framework structure. The ordered porous carbon matrix not only offers three‐dimensional channels for extraction/insertion of Li+ during cycling, but also buffers severe volume changes of the SnO2/Sn nanoparticles. Furthermore, the composite structure also ensures formation of stable solid electrolyte interface films as compared with isolated SnO2/Sn nanoparticles, which efficiently improves the electrochemical stability of the active materials. Thus, the p‐SnO2/Sn/C anode delivers a high reversible capacity of 1016.2 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 after 100 cycles and has remarkable long‐term cycle stability (a charge capacity of 710 mAh g−1 even after 600 cycles at 1000 mA g−1).
Magnetoliposomes as Potential Carriers of Doxorubicin to Tumours
Authors: Joniec Aleksandra , Sek Slawomir , Krysinski Pawel 
Published: October 2016

AbstractStudies on magnetoliposomes (MLUV) as potential carriers for magnetic‐field‐dependent drug delivery are presented. The systems were formed with hydrophobic superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) confined within the bilayer of the liposomes. The nanomechanical properties of bilayer lipid membranes were evaluated and related to the amount of incorporated SPIONs. It was found that the presence of SPIONs in the lipid membrane leads to overall stiffening and increases morphological inhomogeneity, facilitating rupture of the MLUV membrane in a low‐frequency alternating magnetic field (AMF). To verify the findings, doxorubicin release from MLUVs in the presence and absence of an AMF was measured. Under experimental conditions, drug release proceeds through MLUV rupture induced by mechanical vibration of SPIONs rather than through localized heating in the vicinity of the SPIONs.
Lithium Ion Mobility in Lithium Phosphidosilicates: Crystal Structure, 7Li, 29Si, and 31P MAS NMR Spectroscopy, and Impedance Spectroscopy of Li8SiP4 and Li2SiP2
Authors: Toffoletti Lorenzo , Kirchhain Holger , Landesfeind Johannes , Klein Wilhelm , van Wüllen Leo , Gasteiger Hubert A. , Fässler Thomas F. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe need to improve electrodes and Li‐ion conducting materials for rechargeable all‐solid‐state batteries has drawn enhanced attention to the investigation of lithium‐rich compounds. The study of the ternary system Li‐Si‐P revealed a series of new compounds, two of which, Li8SiP4 and Li2SiP2, are presented. Both phases represent members of a new family of Li ion conductors that display Li ion conductivity in the range from 1.15(7)×10−6 Scm−1 at 0 °C to 1.2(2)×10−4 Scm−1 at 75 °C (Li8SiP4) and from 6.1(7)×10−8 Scm−1 at 0 °C to 6(1)×10−6 Scm−1 at 75 °C (Li2SiP2), as determined by impedance measurements. Temperature‐dependent solid‐state 7Li NMR spectroscopy revealed low activation energies of about 36 kJ mol−1 for Li8SiP4 and about 47 kJ mol−1 for Li2SiP2. Both compounds were structurally characterized by X‐ray diffraction analysis (single crystal and powder methods) and by 7Li, 29Si, and 31P MAS NMR spectroscopy. Both phases consist of tetrahedral SiP4 anions and Li counterions. Li8SiP4 contains isolated SiP4 units surrounded by Li atoms, while Li2SiP2 comprises a three‐dimensional network based on corner‐sharing SiP4 tetrahedra, with the Li ions located in cavities and channels.
A Convenient Approach To Synthesize o‐Carborane‐Functionalized Phosphorescent Iridium(III) Complexes for Endocellular Hypoxia Imaging
Authors: Li Xiang , Tong Xiao , Yan Hong , Lu Changsheng , Zhao Qiang , Huang Wei 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe structure–property relationship of carborane‐modified iridium(III) complexes was investigated. Firstly, an efficient approach for the synthesis of o‐carborane‐containing pyridine ligands a–f in high yields was developed by utilizing stable and cheap B10H10(Et4N)2 as the starting material. By using these ligands, iridium(III) complexes I–VII were efficiently prepared. In combination with DFT calculations, the photophysical and electrochemical properties of these complexes were studied. The hydrophilic nido‐o‐carborane‐based iridium(III) complex VII showed the highest phosphorescence efficiency (abs.
=0.48) among known water‐soluble homoleptic cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes and long emission lifetime (τ=1.24 μs) in aqueous solution. Both of them are sensitive to O2, and thus endocellular hypoxia imaging of complex VII was realized by time‐resolved luminescence imaging (TRLI). This is the first example of applying TRLI in endocellular oxygen detection with a water‐soluble nido‐carborane functionalized iridium(III) complex.