bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Citoyens en principe, indigènes en pratique ? L’obligation scolaire et ses dilemmes à Tahiti sous la III e République
Authors: Salaün Marie 
Published: March 2017

Les Établissements français de l’Océanie sont un cas empiriquement intéressant pour comprendre l’action de l’État français dans ses possessions ultramarines. En vertu d’un régime très particulier qui a vu la moitié des autochtones devenir des citoyens français quand les autres restaient des « sujets indigènes », cette possession lointaine échappe au traditionnel clivage citoyens versus sujets. Si la question de l’exercice effectif des droits politiques a déjà été partiellement analysée, ce n’est pas le cas d’un autre vecteur de la citoyenneté : l’école. Alors que les intérêts de la « mission civilisatrice », et en particulier l’impératif de francisation linguistique de ces nouveaux citoyens français, commandaient l’extension de l’obligation scolaire à Tahiti, elle ne sera adoptée localement qu’en 1897, au terme de deux décennies de débats qui éclairent d’un jour nouveau une tension impériale fondamentale entre la nécessité de considérer comme « égaux » ceux qui étaient, et devaient dans une certaine mesure rester, « différents ». Cet article propose de relire cette tension à l’aune des résistances à la loi métropolitaine, aussi bien du côté des colonisateurs que de celui des colonisés, en montrant d’un côté comment la logique racialiste, officiellement inopérante ici, ne cesse de refaire surface dans le texte public, et de l’autre comment le texte caché des Polynésiens ne cesse de compromettre, en pratique, l’application de la loi.
Françaises et Français de Mayotte. Un rapport inquiet à la nationalité
Authors: Hachimi-Alaoui Myriam 
Published: March 2017

En avril 2011, Mayotte est devenue le 101 e département français. Dans cette île française de l’archipel des Comores, deux statuts civils coexistent : l’un de droit local qui s’inspire du droit musulman et des coutumes malgaches et africaines, l’autre de droit commun relevant du Code civil. Le processus de départementalisation a conduit à une redéfinition des cadres juridiques pour l’inclusion dans la nationalité française. C’est dans cette perspective qu’ont été lancées dans les années 2000, les réformes de l’état civil et celles du statut de droit local. Cet article s’intéresse à leur mise en œuvre et aux débats qui les ont accompagnées en les inscrivant dans une perspective historique. Plus précisément, à partir d’une enquête ethnographique on montrera que les Mahoraises et les Mahorais ont peiné à s’approprier ces changements peu débattus en dehors du cercle restreint des élites locales et des élus nationaux. Ce manque de concertation alimente chez beaucoup un rapport inquiet à la nationalité française s’exprimant parfois par un ressentiment à l’égard des Comoriens, que ceux-ci soient français ou étrangers.
Les conditions préalables au « tournant néo-libéral »
Authors: Lepont Ulrike 
Published: March 2017

À partir du cas des politiques américaines de protection maladie, cet article propose un renouvellement de la compréhension du « tournant néo-libéral » des années 1970 en mettant au jour une dimension rarement prise en compte : celle des transformations intervenues dans les espaces de production des idées et des savoirs (espaces académique et d’expertise) au cours des années 1950 et 1960, soit bien en amont des crises économiques et budgétaires pourtant généralement considérées comme déclencheurs du changement de paradigme. Il invite ainsi à relativiser l’impact du contexte économique (le cadrage en termes de « crise » pouvant alors être lu comme l’indice d’une présence déjà forte des acteurs de l’expertise qui se proposeront d’y remédier) et souligne l’intérêt qu’il y a à introduire de manière plus systématique des éléments de sociologie des connaissances dans l’analyse des politiques publiques et de leurs transformations.
Fishing Mortality and Habitat Loss Affect Largemouth Bass Fishery in the Potomac River (Maryland)
Authors: Love Joseph W. , Groves Mary , Williams Branson D. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides is arguably the most popular sport fish of inland waters in the United States. The majority of anglers in the fishery practice catch and release. Catch-and-release guidelines aim to reduce negative impacts of angling on individual fish, though such impacts on populations are not widely reported. We hypothesized that a decline in the population size for Largemouth Bass from a catch-and-release fishery from the Potomac River resulted from a period of greater fishing mortality followed by habitat loss that reduced the recovery of the population. After we analyzed several years of fishery-dependent and independent data (1999–2015), it was determined that fishing mortality and relative exploitation were greater than average in the latter half of the 2000s than in previous years. Fishery-independent survey results suggested a loss of large fish and decline in population size. The relative abundance of juveniles subsequently declined possibly because the area of submerged aquatic vegetation used as nursery habitat had declined after tropical storms. For management purposes, we suggest that fishing mortality not exceed 28% for a sustainable fishery (assuming similar levels of natural mortality) in the Potomac River. Negative impacts to Largemouth Bass populations could be lessened by reduced harvest and widespread enforcement of catch-and-release guidelines, especially during times when angler effort is high, fish are highly accessible to anglers in the fishery, and habitat loss limits recruitment.
Growth of Endangered Humpback Chub in Relation to Temperature and Discharge in the Lower Colorado River
Authors: III W.E. Pine , Limburg K. , Gerig B. , Finch C. , Chagaris D. , Coggins L. , Speas D. , Hendrickson D.A. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Assessments of growth can provide information needed to understand how fish populations respond to changing environmental conditions and management actions, including ecosystem experimentation. We estimated growth rates and parameter uncertainty from otoliths of endangered Humpback Chub Gila cypha from the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona. We then compared growth of Humpback Chub &lt; age 2 that were 1) occupying the mainstem Colorado River during a period of variable discharge and cooler water temperatures (1980–1998; epoch 1), 2) occupying the Colorado River during a period of moderate discharge variability and warmer water (2001–2011; epoch 2), and 3) occupying the unregulated Little Colorado River. Because growth rates of juvenile Humpback Chub (&lt; age 2) may be more sensitive to changes in environmental conditions than adult fish, we used analysis of covariance and linear models to compare growth of juvenile fish (slopes) between epochs and capture sites (mainstem Colorado River vs. Little Colorado River). Our analysis of covariance results were ambiguous (age × epoch × site interaction; P = 0.06). However, individual linear regressions of size and age by epoch and site suggest biologically important differences in growth, as evidenced by slower growth in the Colorado River in epoch 1 than in epoch 2, and slower growth in the Colorado River compared with the Little Colorado River for all time periods. Overall our results 1) provide information on growth and growth variability useful for parameterizing models to assess population viability and 2) provide empirical information on how growth of juvenile and adult Humpback Chub growth may respond to changing environmental conditions.
Density of Lead and Nontoxic Shotshell Pellets in Gulf Coast Prairie Ricelands
Authors: Marty Joseph R. , Davis J. Brian , Brasher M.G. , Kaminski R.M. , Brinkman E.L. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Waterfowl ingest residual lead or nontoxic shotshell pellets while foraging for food in agricultural and other habitats. The Chenier Plain of Louisiana and Texas and the Texas Mid-Coast provide important habitats for wintering waterfowl, yet these regions are characterized by long traditions of waterfowl and other game-bird hunting, which potentially exposes waterfowl to historical lead pellets remaining in the environment. Recent evidence suggests that migrant and resident waterfowl within the Chenier Plain and Texas Mid-Coast regions continue to ingest lead pellets despite strict shotshell regulations. Thus, we randomly collected and radiographed soil cores (10-cm diameter and depth) from production and idled ricelands (n = 500 from each type) in the Chenier Plain (n = 760) and Texas Mid-Coast (n = 240) during November 2013 to estimate density of lead and nontoxic pellets in important waterfowl habitats of these regions. Across all regions and field types, we detected only one lead pellet and zero nontoxic pellets, despite 100% detection of known numbers of pellets in test samples. The single lead pellet was recovered from a production rice field in the Chenier Plain, yielding an estimated density of 1,019 lead pellets/ha (95% CI: 0–3,034) in this sampling region. Failure to detect lead pellets in other regions and nontoxic pellets across all regions precluded estimation but suggested pellet densities &lt; 3,000 pellets/ha. We speculate that regular soil tillage of ricelands helps incorporate pellets into the soil, rendering all or most unavailable to our sampling and foraging by waterfowl. We recommend that future research estimate densities of lead pellets in areas where they may be concentrated (e.g., near permanent hunting blinds), where dove hunting is prevalent, and in other heavily hunted waterfowl habitats along the Gulf Coast (e.g., coastal marsh).
Schemes with Well-Controlled Dissipation. Hyperbolic Systems in Nonconservative Form
Authors: Beljadid Abdelaziz , LeFloch Philippe G. , Mishra Siddhartha , Parés Carlos 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe propose here a class of numerical schemes for the approximation of weak solutions to nonlinear hyperbolic systems in nonconservative form—the notion of solution being understood in the sense of Dal Maso, LeFloch, and Murat (DLM). The proposed numerical method falls within LeFloch-Mishra's framework of schemes with well-controlled dissipation (WCD), recently introduced for dealing with small-scale dependent shocks. We design WCD schemes which are consistent with a given nonconservative system at arbitrarily high-order and then analyze their linear stability. We then investigate several nonconservative hyperbolic models arising in complex fluid dynamics, and we numerically demonstrate the convergence of our schemes toward physically meaningful weak solutions.
Simulation of Maxwell's Equations on GPU Using a High-Order Error-Minimized Scheme
Authors: Sheu Tony W. H. , Wang S. Z. , Li J. H. , Smith Matthew R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this study an explicit Finite Difference Method (FDM) based scheme is developed to solve the Maxwell's equations in time domain for a lossless medium. This manuscript focuses on two unique aspects – the three dimensional time-accurate discretization of the hyperbolic system of Maxwell equations in three-point non-staggered grid stencil and it's application to parallel computing through the use of Graphics Processing Units (GPU). The proposed temporal scheme is symplectic, thus permitting conservation of all Hamiltonians in the Maxwell equation. Moreover, to enable accurate predictions over large time frames, a phase velocity preserving scheme is developed for treatment of the spatial derivative terms. As a result, the chosen time increment and grid spacing can be optimally coupled. An additional theoretical investigation into this pairing is also shown. Finally, the application of the proposed scheme to parallel computing using one Nvidia K20 Tesla GPU card is demonstrated. For the benchmarks performed, the parallel speedup when compared to a single core of an Intel i7-4820K CPU is approximately 190x.
Recovering the Damping Rates of Cyclotron Damped Plasma Waves from Simulation Data
Authors: Schreiner Cedric , Kilian Patrick , Spanier Felix 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPlasma waves with frequencies close to the particular gyrofrequencies of the charged particles in the plasma lose energy due to cyclotron damping. We briefly discuss the gyro-resonance of low frequency plasma waves and ions particularly with regard to particle-in-cell (PiC) simulations. A setup is outlined which uses artificially excited waves in the damped regime of the wave mode's dispersion relation to track the damping of the wave's electromagnetic fields. Extracting the damping rate directly fromthe field data in real or Fourier space is an intricate and non-trivial task. We therefore present a simple method of obtaining the damping rate Γ from the simulation data. This method is described in detail, focusing on a step-by-step explanation of the course of actions. In a first application to a test simulation we find that the damping rates obtained from this simulation generally are in good agreement with theoretical predictions. We then compare the results of one-, two- and three-dimensional simulation setups and simulations with different physical parameter sets.
Competenties van leerkrachten in het samenwerken met ouders
Authors: Kassenberg Annelies , Petri Dorien , Doornenbal Jeannette 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Competences of teachers in cooperating with parents: A literature review

It is not always easy for teachers to cooperate with parents. The competencies considered necessary for such cooperation are mostly described in general terms and the range of training programs, courses and handbooks on offer to support teachers in this field is broad and not very specific. In order to be able to substantiate these competencies and identify gaps in the present knowledge concerning parent-teacher cooperation a review study has been conducted. This study provides an overview of the international literature on teacher competencies needed for cooperation with parents. Results show that both the number and the quality of the sources found are inadequate to substantiate the competencies necessary for teacher-parent cooperation. Analysis of seven articles considered relevant to the subject provides insight into which knowledge, attitude and skills (competencies) contribute to a fruitful teacher-parent cooperation.
Contact met ouders in het grootstedelijke vmbo
Authors: Lusse Mariëtte 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Contact with parents in urban pre-vocational education

The guidance from parents of their children at home and the cooperation between school and parents can contribute to the success of students in school. This is especially important for pupils in urban contexts. Unfortunately, in urban contexts barriers exist that can hinder the relationship between school and parents. Furthermore, little is known on how school can facilitate parents in guiding their children at home, especially in the urban context. In this qualitative field-study the effect of different types of contact moments on a positive relationship with parents and the facilitation of parents to support their child at home is examined at four urban schools for pre-vocational education. The results of this study suggest that in the type of contact moments that schools currently use several issues hinder the establishment of a positive relationship with parents; organisational issues seem to interfere with the welcoming of the parents, there are few moments in which teachers and parents can get acquainted with each other, there is not much reciprocity and the role of the pupil in the contact between school and parents is often unclear. To facilitate parents in the guidance of the students at home, more attention is needed for the talents of the student in order to provide parents with more tools to encourage their children. Furthermore, schools offer parents with few concrete tools to support their children in their study process and in making choices regarding their (school)career. Several types of contact moments have been observed that offer more possibilities to realize a relationship with parents and/or facilitate the support of their children at home and overcome some of the previously mentioned issues. However, these types of contact are less prevailing in schools.
América Latina, la otra sede de la HfG-Ulm
Authors: Devalle Verónica 
Published: March 2017

La Escuela de Ulm ha influido notoriamente en el desarrollo del diseño en Latinoamérica. Prueba de ello es la incorporación de metodologías ulmianas en los procesos de diseño, en la comprensión de estos como disciplinas científico-tecnológicas en gran parte de Sudamérica (Brasil, Chile, Argentina, Uruguay). Probablemente ambas características surgen en la temprana llegada - fines de los 50 y comienzos de los 60 del siglo XX- de las ideas ulmianas a centros universitarios donde se comenzaban a impartir cursos de diseño. Este hecho ha alimentado la idea de que ese intercambio se originó en ese contexto y que se trató de una rareza o de un absoluto pionerismo de arquitectos y artistas latinoamericanos. Se propone analizar la recepción de las ideas ulmianas en un medio privilegiado como fue la revista argentina nueva visión (1951-1957), dirigida en sus inicios por Tomás Maldonado.
Se intentará mostrar que la escuela alemana llegó a tener una fuerte presencia en la región. Hay registro de intercambio previo entre el cono sur de Latinoamérica y Europa durante los años 20, 30 y 40 en los que asentó las bases de un modernismo cultural que incluyó - además de artistas, obras, bibliotecas, lecturas - una común percepción sobre la necesaria fusión de las artes. Ulm en sus primeros años resulta ser una respuesta a los anhelos de una vanguardia cultural latinoamericana que se remonta a décadas atrás.
Diseño para el desarrollo. Vigencia de los principios de Ulm frente a los desafíos del proyecto país
Authors: Bravo Úrsula 
Published: March 2017

Desde hace algún tiempo podemos observar una transición desde iniciativas estatales orientadas a fomentar la difusión del diseño chileno, hacia iniciativas que fomentan su aplicación en diversos sectores de la vida social, con el propósito de generar beneficios sociales o económicos. Por ello cabe preguntarse cuál es el rol que el Estado chileno asigna al diseño en la sociedad que aspira construir y cuán alineados están los planes de estudios con estos requerimientos. A casi cincuenta años de su cierre, es necesario redescubrir la HfG-Ulm para entender los principios con los que desarrolló un modelo educativo que se distanciaba de las escuelas de artes y oficios, para responder a la reconstrucción moral y material del país. Este trabajo busca analizar esta propuesta pedagógica como forma de entender el diseño y su inserción en el tejido social. La reflexión cobra vigencia porque si bien el Estado chileno ha ido incorporando al diseño en distintas iniciativas, todavía está en construcción una visión integrada de lo que el diseño es y puede llegar a-hacer por el país. Por otra parte, la pregunta acerca del propósito de la formación disciplinar dista de estar resuelta y generar consenso.
An Assessment of Intralesional Epidermal Growth Factor for Treating Diabetic Foot Wounds
Authors: Ertugrul Bulent M. , Lipsky Benjamin A. , Guvenc Ulas ,   the Turkish Intralesional Epidermal Growth Factor Study Group for Diabetic Foot Wounds
Published: March 2017

Background:Intralesional epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been available as a medication in Turkey since 2012. We present the results of our experience using intralesional EGF in Turkey for patients with diabetic foot wounds.Methods:A total of 174 patients from 25 Turkish medical centers were evaluated for this retrospective study. We recorded the data on enrolled individuals on custom-designed patient follow-up forms. Patients received intralesional injections of 75 μg of EGF three times per week and were monitored daily for adverse reactions to treatment. Patients were followed up for varying periods after termination of EGF treatments.Results:Median treatment duration was 4 weeks, and median frequency of EGF administration was 12 doses. Complete response (granulation tissue &gt;75% or wound closure) was observed in 116 patients (66.7%). Wounds closed with only EGF administration in 81 patients (46.6%) and in conjunction with various surgical interventions after EGF administration in 65 patients (37.3%). Overall, 146 of the wounds (83.9%) were closed at the end of therapy. Five patients (2.9%) required major amputation. Adverse effects were reported in 97 patients (55.7%).Conclusions:In patients with diabetic foot ulcer who received standard care, additional intralesional EGF application after infection control provided high healing rates with low amputation rates.
Sub‐ice shelf sediment geochronology utilizing novel radiocarbon methodology for highly detrital sediments
Authors: Subt C. , Yoon H. I. , Yoo K. C. , Lee J. I. , Leventer A. , Domack E. W. , Rosenheim B. E. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSub‐ice shelf sediments near Larsen C ice shelf (LIS‐C) show fine‐scale rhythmic laminations that could provide a near‐continuous seasonal‐resolution record of regional ice mass changes. Despite the great potential of these sediments, a dependable Late Quaternary chronology is difficult to generate, rendering the record incomplete. As with many marginal Antarctic sediments, in the absence of preserved carbonate microfossils, the reliability of radiocarbon chronologies depends on presence of high proportions of autochthonous organic carbon with minimized detrital organic carbon. Consequently, acid insoluble organic (AIO) 14C dating works best where high productivity drives high sediment accumulation rates, but can be problematic in condensed sequences with high proportions of detrital organic carbon. Ramped PyrOx 14C dating has progressively been shown to improve upon AIO 14C dates, to the point of matching foraminiferal carbonate 14C dates, through differential thermochemical degradation of organic components within samples. But in highly detrital sediments, proportions of contemporaneously deposited material are too low to fully separate autochthonous organic carbon from detrital carbon in samples large enough to 14C date. We introduce two modifications of the Ramped PyrOx 14C approach applied to highly detrital sediments near LIS‐C to maximize accuracy by utilizing ultra‐small fractions of the highly detrital AIO material. With minimization of the uncertainty cost, these techniques allow us to generate chronologies for cores that would otherwise go undated, pushing the limits of radiocarbon dating to regions and facies with high proportions of pre‐aged detritus. Wider use of these techniques will enable more coordinated a priori coring efforts to constrain regional glacial responses to rapid warming where sediments had previously been thought too difficult to date.