bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O papel dos estágios profissionais na formação e inserção dos diplomados do ensino superior: o caso do Programa InovContacto
Authors: Almeida António José , Alves Natália , Marques Maria Amélia , Santos José Rebelo dos 
Published: November 2017

Desenhado para promover a internacionaliação das empresas portuguesas e simultaneamente apoiar a formação e a inserção profissional de jovens com qualificação superior em contexto internacional, o Programa InovContacto tem-se vindo a afirmar como uma medida de política activa de emprego cujos resultados positivos têm vindo a ser reconhecidos pela continuidade do Programa, pela elevada procura social de que tem sido objecto e pelo reconhecimento público que tem granjeado.
Com esta comunicação propomo-nos discutir os objectivos do Programa InovContacto, no quadro das políticas públicas de emprego, bem como realizar um balanço da experiência acumulada ao longo das 18 edições já concluídas. Para a concretização destes objectivos recorremos a uma metodologia qualitativa de natureza exploratória que tem por base a análise de conteúdo da legislação que regulamenta o Programa e os relatórios oficiais, bem como a análise descritiva dos dados estatísticos disponibilizados pela AICEP.
Os resultados obtidos a partir da análise e discussão dos dados empíricos permitem-nos concluir que estamos perante uma medida de política pública de emprego com forte adesão quer por parte das empresas quer dos diplomados, cujos resultados, apesar do seu carácter elitista, evidenciam uma forte capacidade de promover a empregabilidade dos estagiários ao constituir-se numa experiência cultural marcante na trajectória de vida dos seus participantes.
Servant Leadership: developing a new generation of servant leaders through arts
Authors: Barroca Ana 
Published: November 2017

The word is in turmoil. Globalization, technology, profound demographic changes, financial crisis, ethic dilemmas lead us to question the validity of our educational and management paradigms. The new generations arriving to the workforce have different expectations and demand for more ethical, people-centered management. The future leaders are growing - socially, politically and economically - in the digital era and through a profound social, financial and economic crisis. These future leaders demand for purpose, meaning and connection and they will be working in organizations also shaped by the globalization of knowledge, markets and customers and the information and communication technology.People management and leadership will be key leverages for Europe to assert in the global context and to take a strategic role as a knowledge based economy and an innovation space. Research has been showing that the traditional management and leadership paradigms are no longer answering the current challenges that organizations are facing and are not being able to answer the expectations and needs of the new generations.
“With such changes have come new priorities and responsibilities and it is in this environment that the theory of servant leadership has flourished as a management style for the redefined business world of today, one that can serve as a cornerstone for organisations wishing to build corporate structures based on stewardship, empowerment and trust.”Dirk van Dierendonck, RSM Insight 3rd Quarter, 2011
In order to deploy new learning contents and training activities about a new leadership paradigm, one must be also prepared to answer to the learning challenges posed by a generation of active learners, digital natives and graphically/visually oriented.
The main goal of the Artful Leadership project is to create innovative digital learning resources about Servant Leadership, supported by arts-based learning methods and deployed through different methods and techniques (e.g. digital storytelling, visual art, design thinking, etc.).
Stress ocupacional e burnout em académicos: exploração de fatores organizacionais protetores
Authors: Ferreira Ana Teresa , Ferreira Ana Rita 
Published: November 2017

A presente investigação pretende perceber a relação entre o stress ocupacional e o surgimento do burnout em professores universitários.
Este estudo pretende ser relevante e inovador ao analisar duas dimensões associadas ao burnout que até ao momento ainda não foram exploradas como fatores organizacionais protetores de saúde mental: a confiança e o relacionamento com a gestão de recursos humanos.
Outro dos aspectos pertinentes no carácter inovador deste estudo prende-se com a população em estudo. Os académicos possuem uma função altamente exigente, de elevado desafio inteletual e de relacionamento interpessoal e habitualmente estudam outras profissões que não a sua. Não são conhecidos até à data estudos nacionais ou internacionais nesta população.
O plano de investigação foi quantitativo, transversal e correlacional. A amostra é constituída por 117 professores do ensino superior de 4 instituições. Os resultados mostram uma associação significativa negativa da confiança e da relação com a gestão de recursos humanos com o stress e burnout. Resultados práticos para a intervenção e implicações teóricas serão apresentadas. As organizações devem priviligiar e trabalhar ativamente os relacionamentos organizacionais positivos entre colaboradores e chefia. Estas dimensões apresentam impactos relevantes na dimininuição deste tipo de problemáticas associadas à saúde mental.
Tomada de decisão, atribuição causal e teoria dos jogos na previsão do comportamento individual nas organizações
Authors: Ferreira Ana Teresa , Keating José 
Published: November 2017

A gestão de recursos humanos tem focado a sua preocupação no desenvolvimento de sistemas de gestão que permitam o alcance de objetivos organizacionais e individuais. Em 2004, Bowen e Ostroff iniciam uma abordagem que pretende estudar os processos de gestão de recursos humanos, relacionando-os com variáveis psicológicas individuais, utilizando a atribuição.
Trabalhos anteriores (Ferreira, 2014) focaram-se no desenvolvimento de um instrumento que medisse a relação dos colaboradores com a gestão de recursos humanos associando-a ao compromisso. Esta dimensão considera aspetos concretos como a performance percebida, resolução de problemas específicos, comunicação e utilidade percebida.
Este trabalho pretende relacionar teoricamente esta dimensão com os processos de atribuição de Kelly (1973) e com os processos de tomada de decisão, feitos pelos colaboradores nas organizações.
Teoricamente discutimos a relevância desta dimensão no processo atribucional do individuo, através da construção de um teste de hipóteses que pode ter resultados positivos na regulação dos comportamentos individuais dentro das organizações.
A discussão critica pretende demonstrar que os colaboradores têm dificuldade em desintegrar a sua perceção sobre um sistema formal versus representantes do mesmo. Os indivíduos não avaliam o sistema de gestão de recursos humanos linearmente seguindo as predições da teoria da atribuição. É possível que os indivíduos precisem de o personalizar nos representantes da função RH para que consigam desenvolver perceções sobre o mesmo e consequentemente estabelecer atribuições causais.
Desta forma, a relação estabelecida com os representantes da função RH, que implementam na prática os sistemas, e a importância deste relacionamento interpessoal é fulcral, e deve ser considerado um ponto de partida privilegiado pelo especialista RH no desenvolvimento da perceção individual dos seus colaboradores sobre o SGRH.
Considerando a teoria dos jogos serão exploradas possiveis tomadas de decisões de dos colaboradores, considerando os aspetos anteriores de atribuição que realizam sobre a gestão de pessoas.
Projeção da suscetibilidade a desertificação em Pernambuco utilizando o modelo HADGEM-ES (Projection of susceptibility to desertification in Pernambuco using the HADGEM-ES model)
Authors: Santos Thalyta Soares dos 
Published: November 2017

A suscetibilidade da região Nordeste do Brasil ao processo de desertificação está associada à variabilidade do clima e a fatores antropogênicos. Nesse contexto, extremos climáticos intensos associados à degradação do solo podem levar à aceleração do processo de desertificação no semiárido. O objetivo do trabalho é avaliar processo de desertificação no estado de Pernambuco e suas projeções para o século XXI. O estudo foi realizado com dados mensais de simulações de precipitação e temperatura do Climatic Research Unit (CRU) e projeções do modelo HADGEM2-ES derivado do Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5, utilizados no quinto relatório do Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change - IPCC-AR5) no cenário RCP 8.5. Para analise, a evapotranspiração potencial foi calculada pelo método de Thornthwaite, que serviu para o cálculo do índice de aridez. O índice de aridez é bastante utilizado nos estudos para a determinação de áreas secas e principalmente nos estudos do processo de desertificação. Os resultados indicaram que, considerando a variabilidade do climática atual e futura no Nordeste do Brasil, associada a ações antrópicas, o estado de Pernambuco tem uma alta suscetibilidade a desertificação. A B S T R A C TThe Brazilian Northeast region susceptibility to desertification process is associated with climate variability and anthropogenic factors. Intense climatic extremes associated with soil degradation may accelerate the desertification process in the semiarid region. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the desertification process in Pernambuco state and its projections for the 21st century. The study was carried out with monthly precipitation and temperature datasets from Climatic Research Unit (CRU) and HADGEM2-ES projections, derived from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5, used in the fifth report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change - IPCC -AR5) in the RCP 8.5 scenario. The potential evapotranspiration was calculated by the Thornthwaite method, which was used to calculate the aridity index. The aridity index is widely used in to determine dry areas, especially in desertification process studies. The results shows that, considering the current and future climate variability in Brazilian Northeast, associated with anthropic actions, Pernambuco has a high susceptibility to desertification.Keywords: CMIP5; Aridity Index; Semi-arid.
Longitudinal study of family factors associated with risk behaviors in Mexican youth
Authors: González-González Alejandro ,   Universidad Anáhuac México-Norte, México, Betancourt Ocampo Diana , Romo-Parra Héctor , Fernández-Varela Mejía Héctor , Solís Torres Cuauhtémoc ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
Published: November 2017

Introduction: according to literature, adolescence is a period where the young are more likely to engage in behaviors that could endanger their health. In addition, there is evidence suggesting the impact of some factors of family environment on the presence of risk behaviors.

Objetive: the aim of this study was to determine changes in risk behavior and analyze the differences in family factors on these behaviors.

Method: we used a longitudinal study on a group of 6,089 students (37.5% men and 62.5% women). Risk behaviors were assessed with 10 indicators. Family factors were evaluated by three scales: support, relationship and substance abuse within the family context. The information was obtained in a previous session prior to the beginning of the scholar semester for each of the three analyzed events.

Results: an increase in risk behaviors was observed over time. Further, we also found significant differences in family factors on risk behaviors in the three measurements.

Discussion: this evidence will allow the development of prevention and early detection programs to treat several problems related to teenagers during their school career.
Feasibility and safety of using thoracic and lumbar cortical bone trajectory pedicle screws in spinal constructs in children: technical note
Authors: Sellin Jonathan N. , Raskin Jeffrey S. , Staggers Kristen A. , Brayton Alison , Briceño Valentina , Moreno Amee J. , Jea Andrew 
Published: November 2017

Thoracic and lumbar cortical bone trajectory pedicle screws have been described in adult spine surgery. They have likewise been described in pediatric CT-based morphometric studies; however, clinical experience in the pediatric age group is limited. The authors here describe the use of cortical bone trajectory pedicle screws in posterior instrumented spinal fusions from the upper thoracic to the lumbar spine in 12 children. This dedicated study represents the initial use of cortical screws in pediatric spine surgery.The authors retrospectively reviewed the demographics and procedural data of patients who had undergone posterior instrumented fusion using thoracic, lumbar, and sacral cortical screws in children for the following indications: spondylolysis and/or spondylolisthesis (5 patients), unstable thoracolumbar spine trauma (3 patients), scoliosis (2 patients), and tumor (2 patients).Twelve pediatric patients, ranging in age from 11 to 18 years (mean 15.4 years), underwent posterior instrumented fusion. Seventy-six cortical bone trajectory pedicle screws were placed. There were 33 thoracic screws and 43 lumbar screws. Patients underwent surgery between April 29, 2015, and February 1, 2016. Seven (70%) of 10 patients with available imaging achieved a solid fusion, as assessed by CT. Mean follow-up time was 16.8 months (range 13–22 months). There were no intraoperative complications directly related to the cortical bone trajectory screws. One patient required hardware revision for caudal instrumentation failure and screw-head fracture at 3 months after surgery.Mean surgical time was 277 minutes (range 120–542 minutes). Nine of the 12 patients received either a 12- or 24-mg dose of recombinant human bone morphogenic protein 2. Average estimated blood loss was 283 ml (range 25–1100 ml).In our preliminary experience, the cortical bone trajectory pedicle screw technique seems to be a reasonable alternative to the traditional trajectory pedicle screw placement in children. Cortical screws seem to offer satisfactory clinical and radiographic outcomes, with a low complication profile.
Precise measurement of inner diameter of mono-capillary optic using X-ray imaging technique
Authors: Kwon Soonmu , Lim Jae Hong , Namba Yoshiharu , Chon Kwon Su 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND: Mono-capillary optics have been applied to increase the performance of X-ray instruments. However, performance of a mono-capillary optic strongly depends on the shape accuracy, which is determined by the diameters of the inner hollow of the capillary along the axial direction. OBJECTIVE: To precisely determine the inner diameter of the capillary optic used in X-ray imaging technique, which aims to replace the conventional method using a visible microscope. METHODS: High spatial resolution X-ray images of the mono-capillary optic were obtained by a synchrotron radiation beamline. The inner diameter of the mono-capillary optic was measured and analyzed by the pixel values of the X-ray image. RESULT: Edge enhancement effect was quite useful in determining the inner diameter, and the accuracy of the diameter determination was less than 1.32 μm. Many images obtained by scanning the mono-capillary optic along the axial direction were combined, and the axial profile, consisting of diameters along the axial direction, was obtained from the combined image. The X-ray imaging method could provide an accurate measurement with slope error of±19 μrad. CONCLUSIONS: Applying X-ray imaging technique to determine the inner diameter of a mono-capillary optic can contribute to increasing fabrication accuracy of the mono-capillary optic through a feedback process between the fabrication and measurement of its diameter.
Significant MRI indicators of malignancy for breast non-mass enhancement
Authors: Yang Quan-Xin , Ji Xing , Feng Lin-Lin , Zheng Long , Zhou Xiao-Qian , Wu Qian , Chen Xin 
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVE: To explore and evaluate new malignant predictors of breast non-mass enhancement lesions using the new BI-RADS MRI lexicon. METHODS: A dataset involving 422 consecutive women underwent breast 3.0 T MRI between January 2014 and July 2016 was assembled for this study. Each case was retrospectively reviewed by 3 radiologists. Eighty-four lesions that present non-mass enhancement in 79 patients were identified in the study. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI features were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses to identify significant indicators of malignancy. RESULTS: Of 84 non-mass enhancement lesions, 52 (61.9%) were malignant and 32 (38.1%) were benign. Segmental distribution ( P = 0.015 from univariate analysis; OR = 4.739, P = 0.008 from multivariate analysis), cluster ring enhancement ( P = 0.017 from univariate analysis; OR = 3.601, P = 0.032 from multivariate analysis), time-intensity curve of plateau ( P = 0.002 from univariate analysis; OR = 3.525, P = 0.027 from multivariate analysis) and phase to peak ( P = 0.06 from univariate analysis; OR = 6.327, P = 0.015 from multivariate analysis) were significantly different between malignant and benign lesions. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that segmental distribution, clustered ring enhancement, and short time to peak could act as new malignant predictors for breast non-mass enhancement detected on 3.0 T MRI.
Automatic segmentation of tumors in B-Mode breast ultrasound images using information gain based neutrosophic clustering
Authors: Lal Madan , Kaur Lakhwinder , Gupta Savita 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND: Since breast ultrasound images are of low contrast, contain inherent noise and shadowing effect due to its imaging process, segmentation of breast tumors depicting ultrasound image is a challenging task. Thus, a robust breast ultrasound image segmentation technique is inevitable. OBJECTIVE: To develop an automatic lesion segmentation technique for breast ultrasound images. METHODS: First, the technique automatically detects the suspicious tumor region of interest and discards the unwanted complex background regions. Next, based on the concept of information gain, the technique applies an existing neutrosophic clustering method to the detected region to segment the desired tumor area. The proposed technique computes information gain values from the local neighbourhood of each pixel, which is further used to update the membership values and the cluster centers for the neutrosophic clustering process. Integrating the concept of entropy and neutrosophic logic features into the technique enabled to generate better segmentation results. RESULTS: Results of proposed method were compared both qualitatively and quantitatively with fuzzy c-means, neutrosophic c-means and neutrosophic ℓ-means clustering methods. It was observed that the proposed method outperformed the other three methods and yielded the best Mean (TP: 94.72, FP: 5.85, SI: 93.75, HD: 8.2, AMED: 2.4) and Standard deviation (TP: 3.2, FP: 3.7, SI: 3.8, HD: 2.6, AMED: 1.3) values for different quality metrics on the current set of breast ultrasound images. CONCLUSION: Study demonstrated that the proposed technique is robust to the shadowing effect and produces more accurate segmentation of the tumor region, which is very similar to that visually segmented by Radiologist.
Feasibility and its characteristics of CO2 laser micromachining-based PMMA anti-scattering grid estimated by MCNP code simulation
Authors: Bae Jun Woo , Kim Hee Reyoung 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND: Anti-scattering grid has been used to improve the image quality. However, applying a commonly used linear or parallel grid would cause image distortion, and focusing grid also requires a precise fabrication technology, which is expensive. OBJECTIVE: To investigate and analyze whether using CO2 laser micromachining-based PMMA anti-scattering grid can improve the performance of the grid at a lower cost. Thus, improvement of grid performance would result in improvement of image quality. METHODS: The cross-sectional shape of CO2 laser machined PMMA is similar to alphabet ‘V’. The performance was characterized by contrast improvement factor (CIF) and Bucky. Four types of grid were tested, which include thin parallel, thick parallel, ‘V’-type and ‘inverse V’-type of grid. RESULTS: For a Bucky factor of 2.1, the CIF of the grid with both the “V” and inverse “V” had a value of 1.53, while the thick and thick parallel types had values of 1.43 and 1.65, respectively. CONCLUSION: The ‘V’ shape grid manufacture by CO2 laser micromachining showed higher CIF than parallel one, which had same shielding material channel width. It was thought that the ‘V’ shape grid would be replacement to the conventional parallel grid if it is hard to fabricate the high-aspect-ratio grid.
The habitus of digital scholars
Authors: Costa Cristina 
Published: November 2017

This article concerns the Participatory Web and the impact it has on academic researchers’ perceptions of digital scholarship practices. The Participatory Web, as a space of active involvement, presence and socialisation of knowledge, has the potential to introduce significant changes to scholarly practice and to diversify it. This article draws on the findings of a narrative inquiry study that investigated the habitus of 10 digital scholars. The study uses Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus, field, and social and cultural capital as a research lens. One of the main findings to come out of the study was that research participants’ approaches to digital scholarship practices are highly influenced by their online social capital, the online networks that influence their thinking and outlook on scholarly practices, including their advocacy of openness and transparency of academic practice. This article concludes by highlighting the dispositions digital scholars display in an attempt to characterise the values and beliefs that underpin their scholarly practices.Keywords: digital scholarship; habitus; social capital; cultural capital; the Participatory Web; Pierre Bourdieu(Published: 31 January 2014)Citation: Research in Learning Technology 2014, 21: 21274 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/rlt.v21.21274