bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A System Analysis of Delay in Outpatient Respiratory Equipment Delivery
Authors: Kun Sheila , Placencia Gregory , Ward Sally Davidson , Keens Thomas 
Published: March 2017

Objectives: To systematically assess barriers delaying home respiratory equipment requisition and to evaluate for temporal correlation between delays and emergency room or hospitalization episodes.Background: Initiation of home respiratory treatments is delayed because of delays in delivery of durable medical equipment (DME). This study assesses root causes of such delays from a system perspective. We also describe clinical consequences by measuring emergency room visits and hospitalization days for temporal correlations.Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of DME ordering records from April 2011 to March of 2012.Settings: Outpatient DME records in Pediatric Pulmonary Division.Results: Of 164 available orders studied, deliveries were made as followed: 31 (19%) within 24 hr: 18 (59%) oxygen orders and 10 (32%) nebulizer orders 50 (30%) within 1 week: 25 (50%) nebulizer orders and 10 (20%) oxygen orders Delays: 45 (27%) delivered > 1 month: Bilevel positive airway pressure (BPAP) = 16 (36%) Oxygen = 12 (26%) Cough assist device = 7 (16%) Nebulizer = 5 (11%) Miscellaneous devices = 5 (11%) Analysis of barriers includes (a) type of insurance, (b) human error, (c) communication barrier, (d) deficit in training or knowledge, (e) no clear policy, (f) differences in clinical policy/ standard, (g) no DME benefit, (h) no clinical justification, and (i) error in communication/record keeping. Six patients with 7 emergency department (ED) visits and 4 inpatient admissions, totaling 24 hospital days, were temporally associated with delays in delivery of equipment over 30 days.Conclusion: One half of commonly used DMEs were delivered within the first week. One quarter of more expensive required more steps for approval. Twenty-nine ED/hospital days with respiratory morbidities were temporally associated with delays.
ETHNOBOTANY IN RELATION TO LIVELIHOOD SECURITY IN DISTRICT BASTAR OF CHHATTISGARH STATE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NON -TIMBER FOREST PRODUCES
Authors: Sinha Mithlesh Kumar , Kanungo V. K. , Naik M. L. 
Published: March 2017

In present study ethnobotany in relation to livelihood security in district Bastar of Chhattisgarh state with special reference to non timber forest produces were found to collect variety of plant produces from forests, for their livelihood security. Those collected plant produces were non timber forest produces (NTFPs).In this research total 44 plants producing NTFP were noted to be collected by tribals in 20 villages of Bastar district.Plant and plant produce collected by the tribals from the plants were seeds of 11 plants, fruits of 11, roots of 03, Rhizomes of 04,flowers of 04, secretory products from 03 plants, while 04 whole plants.Lakh and cocoons were also collected by the tribals from the forest.Beside collection of NTFPs,69 potential market place in Bastar district, where marketing of NTFPs was found maximum were also identified for the selling of plant produces.
Physical and Chemical Mutagenesis in Linum usitatissimum L. to Induce Variability in Seed Germination, Survival and Growth rate traits
Authors: Bhat Irfan Ahmad , Pandit Umar Jan , Sheikh Imtiyaz Ahmad , Hassan Zia Ul 
Published: March 2017

The studies of induced mutation in <em>Linum usitatissimum</em> L. were performed by exposing the fully mature and healthy dry seeds to gamma rays at 10 and 15 Kr, X-rays at 10 and 15 Kr, hydroxylamine (HA) at 0.1% and 0.2%, 5-amino acridine (AA) at 0.1% and 0.2% doses. The observations were made for seed germination %, survival % and growth characters such as shoot length, root length and dry weight. Seeds treated with low dose of mutagens showed negligible effect while that with the high dose exhibit significant effects on studied parameters as compared to control. Data obtained in this study were statistically significant at 5% level. The results conclude that treatments of gamma rays and X-rays were less effective as compared to those of HA and AA treatments.
METABOLIC FINGERPRINTING OF ROOT, STEM AND LEAF EXTRACTS OF PHYLLANTHUS AMARUS
Authors: Giri Archana , Pammi S.S.Sravanthi , TVS Padmavathi 
Published: March 2017

<p><strong> </strong><em>Phyllanthus amarus</em> belonging to family Euphorbiaceae is an important medicinal plant from ancient times which is used in Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine. It is a small annual herb mostly found in Central and Southern India .All parts of this plant have medicinal value and are used in traditional medicines for curing various diseases such as jaundice, hepatitis B, C, microbial infections, viral diseases, tumors and kidney stones etc. Keeping in view its immense medicinal potential, phytochemical analysis was carried out using different solvents such as ethyl acetate, dimethyl formamide, chloroform, dichloromethane and n-Hexane. All the plant parts <em>viz.</em> root, stem and leaf were separately analyzed for the detection of phenols and flavonoids, of which leaf exhibited highest concentration compared to root and stem. Maximum percentage of phenols and flavonoids could be detected with dimethyl formamide in comparison to other solvents that were used in the study.<em> </em>Dimethyl formamide leaf extract displayed highest phenolic content<em> </em>of 40.75mg/g and highest flavonoid<em> </em>content<em> of</em> 51.5mg/g.</p>
Roles of plant growth substance in callus induction of Achyranthes bidentata
Authors: Duan Hongying , Ding Weikai , Song Jianying , Xu Jiaming , Wang Huina , Zhu Yanqiu , Liu Wenxiao , Zhou Yanqing 
Published: March 2017

<p> <strong>In this research, callus from leaves, petioles and stems of <em>Achyranthes bidentata</em> was evidently initiated by plant growth substance, in which 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was very important to callus induction, but effects of other plant growth substances were various, and the optimum combination of plant growth substances for callus induction from leaves, petioles and stems was respectively obtained. Compared with callus induction from leaves and petioles, callus induction from stems was easier, and the higher induction rate and bigger mass of callus from stems were obtained. This study showed that the dedifferentiation capacity</strong><strong> of various explants from </strong><strong><em>Achyranthes bidentata</em></strong><strong> was obviously different, and effects of plant growth substance on callus induction from various explants of <em>Achyranthes bidentata</em> were significantly diverse.</strong><strong></strong></p>
A Systematic Review of Cardiovascular Disease in Sexual Minorities
Authors: Caceres Billy A. , Brody Abraham , Luscombe Rachel E. , Primiano Jillian E. , Marusca Peter , Sitts Edward M. , Chyun Deborah 
Published: March 2017

Background: Mental health and HIV disparities are well documented among sexual minorities, but there is a dearth of research on other chronic conditions. Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Although sexual minorities have high rates of several modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (including stress, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption), there is a paucity of research in this area. Objectives: In this systematic review, we synthesized and critiqued the existing evidence on cardiovascular disease among sexual minority adults. Search Methods: We conducted a thorough literature search of 6 electronic databases for studies published between January 1985 and December 2015 that compared cardiovascular disease risk or prevalence between sexual minority and heterosexual adults. Selection Criteria: We included peer-reviewed English-language studies that compared cardiovascular disease risk or diagnoses between sexual minority and heterosexual individuals older than 18 years. We excluded reviews, case studies, and gray literature. A total of 31 studies met inclusion criteria. Data Collection and Analysis: At least 2 authors independently abstracted data from each study. We performed quality assessment of retrieved studies using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool. Main Results: Sexual minority women exhibited greater cardiovascular disease risk related to tobacco use, alcohol consumption, illicit drug use, poor mental health, and body mass index, whereas sexual minority men experienced excess risk related to tobacco use, illicit drug use, and poor mental health. We identified several limitations in the extant literature. The majority of included studies were cross-sectional analyses that used self-reported measures of cardiovascular disease. Even though we observed elevated cardiovascular disease risk, we found few differences in cardiovascular disease diagnoses (including hypertension, diabetes, and high cholesterol). Overall, 23 of the 26 studies that examined cardiovascular disease diagnoses used subjective measures. Only 7 studies used a combination of biomarkers and self-report measures to establish cardiovascular disease risk and diagnoses. Authors’ Conclusions: Social conditions appear to exert a negative effect on cardiovascular disease risk among sexual minorities. Although we found few differences in cardiovascular disease diagnoses, we identified an elevated risk for cardiovascular disease in both sexual minority men and women. There is a need for research that incorporates subjective and objective measures of cardiovascular disease risk. Public Health Implications: Cardiovascular disease is a major health concern for clinicians, public health practitioners, and policymakers. This systematic review supports the need for culturally appropriate interventions that address cardiovascular disease risk in sexual minority adults.
Las WebQuest en la formación del profesorado universitario en Química Analítica
Authors: Osicka Rosa Magdalena , Valenzuela Analía Marisel , Giménez María Cecilia 
Published: March 2017

En el presente trabajo se describe una experiencia realizada con alumnos de la cátedra de Química Analítica I de la Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral (UNCAUS), y se aplicó la estrategia con los Alumnos del tercer año de la Carrera de Profesorado en Ciencias Químicas y del Ambiente, en la que se utilizaron clases tradicionales, con trabajos colaborativos y el uso de nuevas tecnologías, las WebQuest. La incorporación de WebQuest tiene por objeto optimizar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y la información , además de servir de apoyo a las clases presenciales, promoviendo el aprendizaje autónomo. También se analizan las ventajas de este recurso didáctico y que el equipo docente enfrentó para el desarrollo de la misma. Se muestran algunos de los resultados alcanzados con la experiencia basados en un enfoque constructivista y de aprendizaje colaborativo.
PENGARUH ORIENTASI PEMBELAJARAN MOTIVASI KERJA DAN KOMITMEN TERHADAP KINERJA MADRASAH SWASTA DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: El-Junusi Rahman 
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini merupakan eksistensi dari penelitian Asatuan (2004) dan Kiuk (2007), sehingga kombinasi dari kedua penelitian digabung akan memberi model pemberdayaan lembaga madrasah swasta yang berkualitas serta turut serta dalam menggerakkan pembangunan pendidikan dan mencerdaskan kehidupan masyarakat melalui orientasi pembelajaran, motivasi kerja dan komitmen dalam upaya meningkatkan kinerja madrasah swasta. Adapun tujuan penelitian adalah (1) untuk mengetahui pengaruh orientasi pemeblajaran terhadap kinerja madrasah swasta, (2) untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja madrasah swasta serta (3) untuk mengetahui pengaruh komitmen terhadap kinerja madrasah swasta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Orientasi pembelajaran berpengaruh terhadap kinerja madrasah swasta (2) Motivasi kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja madrasah swasta. Serta (3) Komitmen berpengaruh terhadap kinerja madrasah swasta.
Perceptions of Teaching Methods for Preclinical Oral Surgery: A Comparison with Learning Styles
Authors: Omar Esam 
Published: March 2017

Purpose:
Dental extraction is a routine part of clinical dental practice. For this reason, understanding the way how students’ extraction knowledge and skills development are important.

Problem Statement and Objectives:
To date, there is no accredited statement about the most effective method for the teaching of exodontia to dental students. Students have different abilities and preferences regarding how they learn and process information. This is defined as learning style. In this study, the effectiveness of active learning in the teaching of preclinical oral surgery was examined. The personality type of the groups involved in this study was determined, and the possible effect of personality type on learning style was investigated.

Method:
This study was undertaken over five years from 2011 to 2015. The sample consisted of 115 students and eight staff members. Questionnaires were submitted by 68 students and all eight staff members involved. Three measures were used in the study: The Index of Learning Styles (Felder and Soloman, 1991), the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), and the styles of learning typology (Grasha and Hruska-Riechmann).

Results and Discussion:
Findings indicated that demonstration and minimal clinical exposure give students personal validation. Frequent feedback on their work is strongly indicated to build the cognitive, psychomotor, and interpersonal skills needed from preclinical oral surgery courses.

Conclusion:
Small group cooperative active learning in the form of demonstration and minimal clinical exposure that gives frequent feedback and students’ personal validation on their work is strongly indicated to build the skills needed for preclinical oral surgery courses.
Comparison of Three types of Tooth Brushes on Plaque and Gingival Indices: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Moeintaghavi Amir , Sargolzaie Naser , Rostampour Mehrnoosh , Sarvari Sara , Kargozar Sanaz , Gharaei Shideh 
Published: March 2017

Objective:
To compare clinical results of three types of manual tooth brushes on plaque removal efficacy and gingivitis.

Method:
This study is a single blind randomized trial with crossover design which involved 30 periodontaly healthy individuals. Professional plaque removal and oral hygiene instruction were performed for all the participants in the first step of our study followed by asking them to avoid brushing for 2 days. Thereafter plaque and gingivitis scores were measured using plaque and gingival indices (PI and GI). Then subjects were instructed to use Pulsar tooth brush for a two-week period and then, GI and PI indices were assessed again. After passing one-week period for wash out, subjects didn't brush for 2 days and indices were recorded again. The same procedure was done for CrossAction, and Butler 411 tooth brushes respectively and at the end of the study these variables were analyzed using SPSS software ver.16. Repeated measurement ANOVA test was used to compare the scores between different brushes.

Result:
Finding of this study reveals that using all three types of tooth brushes resulted in significant plaque and gingivitis reduction compared to baseline levels. Pulsar tooth brush was significantly more effective in diminishing PI and GI than Butler tooth brush (p=0.044 and 0.031 respectively).

Conclusion:
According to our findings all 3 types of tooth brushes are effective in reduction of plaque and gingivitis and this reduction is significantly greater for Pulsar tooth brush compared to Butler and CrossAction tooth brushes.
Contemporary Mitral Valve Surgery for Septuagenarians and Octogenarians
Authors: Liao Yi-Wen B. , Wang Tom K.M. , Harmos Sophie , Ramanathan Tharumenthiran , Ruygrok Peter 
Published: March 2017

Background:
The increasing prevalence of degenerative and functional mitral valve disease as the population ages alongside introduction of percutaneous mitral valve interventions mandates revision of outcomes of mitral valve surgery (MVS) in elderly and high risk patients. We compared the characteristics and outcomes of octogenarians and septuagenarians undergoing MVS.

Methods:
All patients over 70 years of age having isolated MVS at Auckland City Hospital during 2005-2012 were studied and divided into 70-79 and >80 years age-groups for analysis.

Results:
There were 20 octogenarians and 81 septuagenarians studied. Apart from median age (82.0 vs. 74.0 years, P<0.001) and previous stroke (15.0% vs. 1.2%, P=0.024) respectively, there were no significant differences in pre-operative characteristics. Octogenarians however had significantly higher median EuroSCORE (4.5% vs. 3.4%, P=0.010) and STS Score (5.6 vs. 2.8%, P=0.002). Despite this, octogenarians had numerically but not statistically significantly less operative mortality (0.0% vs. 7.4%, P=0.340). One, three and five-year survivals were 100.0%, 80.0% and 70.0% for octogenarians and 91.4%, 86.4% and 73.8% septuagenarians. There was also no difference in composite and individual post-operative complications including stroke (P=0.358-1.000). The only independent predictor of operative mortality was cardiopulmonary bypass time odds ratio 1.02, 95% confidence interval 1.00-1.04, P=0.044.

Conclusion:
Although octogenarians were older with higher risk scores, they did not have increased mortality and morbidity from MVS. MVS remains a safe procedure in selected octogenarians, and other factors beyond age and risk scores such as frailty would be important in deciding the modality of mitral valve intervention in elderly patients.
Serum Cytokine Profile in Asian Indian Patients with Takayasu Arteritis and its Association with Disease Activity
Authors: Goel Ruchika , Kabeerdoss Jayakanthan , Ram Babu , Prakash John Antony Jude , Babji Sudhir , Nair Aswin , Jeyaseelan Lakshmanan , Jeyaseelan Visalakshi , Mathew John , Balaji Veeraraghavan , Joseph George , Danda Debashish 
Published: March 2017

Background:
Arterial inflammation Takayasu arteritis (TA) is an outcome of balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Comprehensive assessment of these cytokines is important for understanding pathogenesis and assessing disease activity.

Objective:
To study pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines representing different T-helper cell pathway in serum samples of Asian Indian patients with TA and to assess their association with disease activity.

Methods:
Consecutive Indian patients with TA were assayed for serum interferon-γ, interleukin-6, interleukin-23, interleukin-17, interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor- β levels at baseline and follow up visit. Patients were grouped into active and stable disease based on Indian Takyasu Arteritis clinical Activity Score-2010. Serum levels of these cytokines between active and stable disease and between baseline and follow up visits were compared by non-parametric tests.

Results:
Among 32 patients enrolled, 15 were classified as active while 17 as stable disease at baseline. IFN-γ levels were significantly higher in active disease than stable disease (p=0.0129) while other cytokines did not differ significantly between 2 groups. Serum levels of none of the cytokines changed significantly over 2 visits in both responders and non-responders. IL23 levels positively correlate with disease duration ((r=0.999; p<0.005). Modest correlation was observed between IFN-γ and IL23 levels at both baseline and follow up and between IFN-γ and IL-6 and CRP at follow up.

Conclusion:
IFN-γ levels are raised in active disease in TA and correlates well with other biomarkers of disease activity and proinflammatory cytokines. There is also a direct correlation between Il-23 levels and disease duration.
Latissimus Dorsi Transfer in Posterior Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Anastasopoulos Panagiotis P. , Alexiadis George , Spyridonos Sarantis , Fandridis Emmanouil 
Published: March 2017

Background:Massive rotator cuff tears pose a difficult and complex challenge even for the experienced surgeon; inability to repair these tears by conventional means designates them as irreparable, while management becomes quite taxing. Several operative options have been suggested for the management of such lesions with varying degrees of success, while it is imperative to match patient demands and expectations to the predicted outcome.Methods:Research articles are examined and key concepts are discussed, in order to provide an evidence based review of the available literature. The anatomy and pathomechanics along with the indications, contraindications and surgical techniques are reported.Results:Transfer of the Latissimus dorsi has been used with success to restore shoulder function in deficits of the posterior rotator cuff. Although it can be used in a variety of settings, the ideal patient for a Latissimus dorsi tendon transfer is a young and active individual, with no glenohumeral osteoarthritis that has a severe disability and weakness related to an irreparable posterior cuff tear.Conclusion:Tendon transfers have proved to be a successful treatment option in salvaging this difficult problem, providing pain relief and restoring shoulder function. Despite the excellent functional outcomes and pain suppression following operation, a variety of factors may affect the outcome; thus making indications and preoperative assessment a valuable component.
The Impact of Re-tear on the Clinical Outcome after Rotator Cuff Repair Using Open or Arthroscopic Techniques – A Systematic Review
Authors: Galanopoulos Ilias , Ilias Aslanidis , Karliaftis Konstantinos , Papadopoulos Dimitrios , Ashwood Neil 
Published: March 2017

Background:
It is generally accepted that rotator cuff repair gives satisfactory results in the long term, although most studies have so far shown a fairly high rate of structural failure or re-tear. The purpose of this review study is to assess whether failure of the repaired cuff to heal could negatively affect the functional outcome.

Methods:
This article includes an extensive Internet PubMed based research in the current English-language literature including level I to level V studies as well as systematic reviews.

Results:
According to this extended study research, the results are mixed; certain reports show that patients with a healed rotator cuff repair have improved function and strength compared to those with structural failure, whereas other studies support the generally perceived concept that tendon re-tear does not lead to inferior clinical outcome.

Conclusion:
Further high-level prospective studies with larger numbers of patients and longer follow up are needed to overcome the current debate over function between healed and failed rotator cuff repairs.