bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A probe into the status quo of interfacial adhesion in the compatibilized ternary blends with core/shell droplets: Selective versus dictated compatibilization
Authors: Tavakoli Anaraki Farid , Saeb Mohammad Reza , Rastin Hadi , Ghiyasi Samira , Khonakdar Hossein Ali , Goodarzi Vahabodin , Khalili Reza , Mostafapoor Farnaz , Jafari Seyed Hassan 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTA simple approach was applied to probe into the situation of interfacial adhesion in the compatibilized ternary polymer blends with core/shell morphology. The performance of compatibilization was discussed in terms of thermal, rheological, and mechanical properties analyses for blends prepared through different mixing strategies for which maleic anhydride‐grafted high‐density polyethylene (HDPE‐g‐MAH) could be localized at the interface of HDPE/poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl alcohol) copolymer (EVOH) or HDPE/polyamide 6 (PA‐6) in their ternary blends. Two mixing strategies, one simultaneously (one‐step or selective) and two sequentially (two‐step or dictated), were performed, compared, and discussed. It was found that mixing policy (dictated or selective) significantly changes the interfacial adhesion, as signaled by variations in rheological and thermal properties. In the case of mechanical properties, facilitation of stress transfer across the matrix/shell/core interfaces was detected by calculation of semi‐experimental models' coefficients. It was found that one‐step mixing or selective localization of HDPE‐g‐MAH helps in accumulation of more compatibilizer molecules at the interface HDPE/EVOH or EVOH/PA‐6. By contrast, addition of compatibilizer to minor phase (masterbatch of EVOH and PA‐6) or to HDPE matrix alone in case of two‐step blending causes imperfect stress transfer. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45503.
Cobalt–Manganese Mixed‐Sulfide Nanocages Encapsulated by Reduced Graphene Oxide: In Situ Sacrificial Template Synthesis and Superior Lithium Storage Properties
Authors: Han Fangchun , Jiao Xiuling , Chen Dairong , Li Cheng 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis work demonstrates a facile in situ synthesis of cobalt–manganese mixed sulfide (CoMn‐S) nanocages on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) sheets by using a crystalline Co–Mn precursor as the sacrificial template. The CoMn‐S/RGO hybrid was applied as the anode for Li‐ion storage and exhibited superior specific capacity, excellent cycling performance, and great rate capability. In particular, lithium storage testing revealed that the hybrid delivered high discharge–charge capacities of 670 mA h g−1 at 1.0 A g−1 after 400 cycles and 925 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 300 cycles. The outstanding electrochemical performance of CoMn‐S/RGO is attributed to the close entanglement of nanocages with RGO nanosheets achieved by the synthetic method, which greatly improves ion/electron transport along the interfaces and efficiently mitigates volume dilation during lithium reactions. This rational design of both the composition and architecture of mixed metal sulfides can be expanded to other composite systems for high‐capacity Li‐ion batteries and provides a unique insight into the development of advanced hybrid electrode materials.
Full Adaptive Integral Backstepping Controller for Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
Authors: Hoshyar Mohsen , Mola Mirhamed 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper examines the speed control issue for fully unknown Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (IPMSMs). A full adaptive controller is proposed to control the speed of these motors while all physical parameters, adaptive variation bounds, and the load torque are unknown. Applying a four‐step backstepping strategy, which constructs the infrastructure of the whole controller design, and utilizing proper Lyapunov functions leads to generating proper adaptive control rules. The desired control performance is basically satisfied by rejection of the load torque and motor uncertainties. Optimizing the performance criteria, integral tracking error signals have been taken into account in the backstepping procedure in order to enhance the efficiency, robustness, and reduced steady‐state errors. The closed‐loop system stability is analyzed and proved utilizing Lyapunov and Barbalat lemmas. To evaluate the high performance of the designed controller, an illustrative example is simulated whereas the obtained results confirm the efficient treatment of the proposed method for the fully unknown system. The comparison of the simulation results with one of the recent papers in the literature verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Social motivation and implicit theory of mind in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Burnside Kimberly , Wright Kristyn , Poulin‐Dubois Diane 
Published: August 2017

According to the social motivation theory of autism, children who develop Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have early deficits in social motivation, which is expressed by decreased attention to social information. These deficits are said to lead to impaired socio‐cognitive development, such as theory of mind (ToM). There is little research focused on the relation between social motivation and ToM in this population. The goal of the present study was to investigate the link between one aspect of social motivation, social orienting, and ToM in preschoolers with ASD. It was expected that, in contrast to typically developing (TD) children, children with ASD would show impaired performance on tasks measuring social orienting and ToM. It was also expected that children's performance on the social orienting tasks would be correlated with their performance on the ToM task. A total of 17 children with ASD and 16 TD children participated in this study. Participants completed two social orienting tasks, a face preference task and a biological motion preference task, as well an implicit false belief task. Results reveal that TD children, but not children with ASD, exhibited social preference as measured by a preference for faces and biological motion. Furthermore, children with ASD tended to perform worse on the ToM task compared to their TD counterparts. Performance on the social motivation tasks and the ToM task tended to be related but only for the TD children. These findings suggest that ToM is multifaceted and that motivational deficits might have downstream effects even on implicit ToM.Autism Res2017, 10: 1834–1844. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryThe goal of the present study was to examine the link between poor attention to social information and mindreading abilities in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Results demonstrated that children with ASD tended to perform worse than neurotypical children on both social orienting and theory of mind tasks. Preference for human faces and motion tended to be related but only for the neurotypical children. These findings provide partial support for the social motivation theory.
Tragverhalten von Betondruckgliedern mit Umschnürung durch geflochtene und gewickelte Carbonrohre
Authors: Jonas Florian , Knippers Jan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDie Tragfähigkeit von Betondruckgliedern, wie Stützen im Hochbau, kann durch eine Umschnürung gesteigert werden. Dies erlaubt reduzierte Querschnittsabmessungen, geringeres Gewicht der Bauteile sowie einen Geschoßflächengewinn bei gleichem Traglastniveau.Es werden Untersuchungen zum Tragverhalten an unbewehrten, umschnürten Betonzylindern mit Querschnittdimensionen, die an gängige Hochbaustützen heranreichen, vorgestellt. Gewickelte und erstmals geflochtene Rohre aus kohlefaserverstärktem Kunststoff dienen als Umschnürungen. Durch den Einsatz der Hülle als verlorene Schalung kann auch der Bauablauf im Vergleich zu konventionell geschalten Stützen verbessert werden.Das gewählte Steifigkeitsverhältnis des Kerns zur Hülle führt zu einem mehraxialen Spannungszustand, durch den die Druckfestigkeit von Beton gegenüber der einachsigen Beanspruchbarkeit erheblich gesteigert werden kann. Für die Auslegung werden deshalb aktuelle Bemessungsmodelle für gewickelte Umschnürungen angewendet und ausgewertet.Anhand von Druckversuchen an je drei gewickelten und geflochtenen, mit CFK umschnürten Betonzylindern sowie an Betonreferenzprüfkörpern werden Last‐Verformungskurven in Axial‐ und Umfangsrichtung ermittelt. Die mechanischen Eigenschaften der CFK‐Umschnürung werden anhand eines Split‐Disk‐Tests geprüft. Ergebnisse aus analytischen Modellen werden den experimentellen gegenübergestellt und diskutiert.
Methoden zur Reduktion des Teilsicherheitsbeiwerts für Eigenlasten bei Bestandsbrücken
Authors: Löschmann Jens , Ahrens Alexander , Dankmeyer Uwe , Ziem Eberhard , Mark Peter 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDie Nachrechnungsrichtlinie für Straßenbrücken im Bestand erlaubt eine Reduktion des Teilsicherheitsbeiwerts für Eigenlasten von γG = 1,35 auf den Wert des Modellunsicherheitsfaktors, der konservativ abgeschätzt 1,20 beträgt. Dazu müssen Geometrie, Materialwichten und Bewehrungsgrad durch ausreichende und repräsentative Messungen bekannt sein. Die durch diese drei Größen bestimmte Streuung des Eigengewichts wird im Zuge der Nachrechnung direkt durch die Lastverteilung auf das Bauwerk berücksichtigt. Angaben zu Anforderungen und erforderlichen Genauigkeiten der Messungen werden nicht formuliert.Der Beitrag zeigt, wie durch Kombinationen von Messungen und empirischen Literaturdaten angepasste Teilsicherheitsbeiwerte abgeleitet werden können. Dabei bietet es sich bei Bestandsbrücken an, die Geometrie aufzumessen, die Streuung der Wichte abzuschätzen und den Bewehrungsgrad aus Bestandsplänen zu entnehmen. Das Vorgehen wird an einer Großbrücke in Düsseldorf angewendet, die in Kooperation mit dem Vermessungs‐ und Katasteramt der Landeshauptstadt Düsseldorf mittels 3‐D‐Laserscanning und Multikopterüberflügen vermessen und zu einem digitalen Brückenmodell aufgearbeitet wurde. Das Verfahren ist relevant für die Nachrechnung, Umnutzung, aber auch den planmäßigen Rückbau von Bestandsbrücken.
Addressing small sample size bias in multiple‐biomarker trials: Inclusion of biomarker‐negative patients and Firth correction
Authors: Habermehl Christina , Benner Axel , Kopp‐Schneider Annette 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn recent years, numerous approaches for biomarker‐based clinical trials have been developed. One of these developments are multiple‐biomarker trials, which aim to investigate multiple biomarkers simultaneously in independent subtrials. For low‐prevalence biomarkers, small sample sizes within the subtrials have to be expected, as well as many biomarker‐negative patients at the screening stage. The small sample sizes may make it unfeasible to analyze the subtrials individually. This imposes the need to develop new approaches for the analysis of such trials. With an expected large group of biomarker‐negative patients, it seems reasonable to explore options to benefit from including them in such trials. We consider advantages and disadvantages of the inclusion of biomarker‐negative patients in a multiple‐biomarker trial with a survival endpoint. We discuss design options that include biomarker‐negative patients in the study and address the issue of small sample size bias in such trials. We carry out a simulation study for a design where biomarker‐negative patients are kept in the study and are treated with standard of care. We compare three different analysis approaches based on the Cox model to examine if the inclusion of biomarker‐negative patients can provide a benefit with respect to bias and variance of the treatment effect estimates. We apply the Firth correction to reduce the small sample size bias. The results of the simulation study suggest that for small sample situations, the Firth correction should be applied to adjust for the small sample size bias. Additional to the Firth penalty, the inclusion of biomarker‐negative patients in the analysis can lead to further but small improvements in bias and standard deviation of the estimates.
Symmetry‐Directed Self‐Assembly of a Tetrahedral Protein Cage Mediated by de Novo‐Designed Coiled Coils
Authors: Badieyan Somayesadat , Sciore Aaron , Eschweiler Joseph D. , Koldewey Philipp , Cristie‐David Ajitha S. , Ruotolo Brandon T. , Bardwell James C. A. , Su Min , Marsh E. Neil G. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe organization of proteins into new hierarchical forms is an important challenge in synthetic biology. However, engineering new interactions between protein subunits is technically challenging and typically requires extensive redesign of protein–protein interfaces. We have developed a conceptually simple approach, based on symmetry principles, that uses short coiled‐coil domains to assemble proteins into higher‐order structures. Here, we demonstrate the assembly of a trimeric enzyme into a well‐defined tetrahedral cage. This was achieved by genetically fusing a trimeric coiled‐coil domain to its C terminus through a flexible polyglycine linker sequence. The linker length and coiled‐coil strength were the only parameters that needed to be optimized to obtain a high yield of correctly assembled protein cages.
Carbonylative Suzuki Coupling Reaction Catalyzed by a Hydrospirophosphorane Palladium Complex
Authors: Wójcik Przemysław , Sygellou Labrini , Gniewek Andrzej , Skarżyńska Anna , Trzeciak Anna 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA Pd complex with the H‐spirophosphorane ligand, PdCl2{P(OCMe2CMe2O)OC6H4NH2} (Cat. 1), was used as the catalyst in the carbonylative Suzuki coupling of substituted iodobenzenes with arylboronic acids and with sodium tetraphenylborate. Substituted diarylketones were obtained in good to excellent yields and a selectivity over 95 % under 1 atm of CO with 1.5 mol % of the catalyst. The promoting role of the H‐spirophosphorane ligand in the catalytic process was evidenced. We used X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, TEM, and 31P NMR spectroscopy to reveal that during the reaction Cat. 1 undergoes transformation into Pd complexes that bear the spirophosphorane ligand or other P ligands formed by its dealkylation and to Pd nanoparticles. All these Pd species contribute to the high productivity of the system.
Velocity Uniformity of Microchannels in a Laminated‐Sheet Structure Under Parallel and Series Methods
Authors: Pan Minqiang , Zhang Yi , Vafai Kambiz 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAn integral microchannel device is generally formed by lamination of multiple microchannel sheets. Uniform velocity distribution among the microchannels in each sheet shows a large influence on the device's performance. The effects of microchannel and manifold structure on the velocity uniformity in each sheet with different structural parameters under parallel and series laminated structures are investigated. For the laminated‐sheet structure where each sheet has the same structural parameters, a more uniform velocity distribution exists as compared to where the structural parameters are different. There exists a direct correlation between the velocity values in each sheet and structural parameters, whereas an inverse correlation is found under series laminated structure.
Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Light‐Driven Hydrogen Evolution by Polyoxometalate–Photosensitizer Dyads
Authors: Schönweiz Stefanie , Heiland Magdalena , Anjass Montaha , Jacob Timo , Rau Sven , Streb Carsten 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe visible‐light‐driven hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by covalent photosensitizer–catalyst dyads is one of the most elegant concepts in supramolecular homogeneous solar energy conversion. The intricacies of catalyst reactivity and photosensitizer–catalyst interactions require a detailed fundamental understanding of the system to rationalize the observed reactivities. Here, we report three dyads based on the covalent imine‐bond linkage of an iridium photosensitizer and an organo‐functionalized Anderson polyoxometalate anion [MMo6O18{(OCH2)3CNH2}2]3− (M=Mn3+, Fe3+, Co3+). Modification of the central metal ion M is used to modulate the HER activity. Detailed theoretical and experimental studies examine the role of the central metal ion M and provide critical understanding of the redox activity and light‐driven HER activity of the novel dyads. Thus, the study enables a knowledge‐based optimization of HER dyads by chemical modification of the reactive metal oxide components.
Structure–Property Relationship Study of Donor and Acceptor 2,6‐Disubstituted BODIPY Derivatives for High Performance Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Yeh Shih‐Chieh , Wang Li‐Jing , Yang Hong‐Ming , Dai Yu‐Huei , Lin Chao‐Wen , Chen Chin‐Ti , Jeng Ru‐Jong 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSeven donor and acceptor 2,6‐disubstituted 4,4‐difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (BODIPY) dyes have been synthesized and characterized. Including MPBTCA, which is a known compound, the seven BODIPY dyes have been characterized by varied physical methods, such as UV/Visible absorption spectroscopy, low energy photo‐electron spectroscopy (AC‐2), and HOMO‐LUMO DFT/TDDFT calculation. All seven BODIPY dyes have absorption λmax around 535–545 nm, which is significantly longer than 499 nm of 4,4‐difluoro‐1,3,5,7,8‐pentamethyl‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (PM 546). Having structural variation on donor group, acceptor group, donor π‐spacer, acceptor π‐spacer, and the substituent on boron, some BODIPY dyes exhibit small extinction coefficients or spectral integrals in solution (MPCtBTCA, MPBT‐pyO, MPBTT‐pyO, MTBTCA), broadening absorption spectral profile (MTBTCA), weak intramolecular charge transfer characteristics (MPBT‐pyO, MPBTT‐pyO, MTBTCA), too low LUMO energy level (PPBTCA), or insufficient dye‐uptake by TiO2 FTO (MPBT‐pyO, MPBTT‐pyO, MTBTCA). Two of the seven BODIPY dyes, MPBTCA and MPBTTCA, do not show the adverse properties like other BODIPY dyes. With our improved TiO2 FTO (fluorine doped tin oxide) dyeing method, namely a solution dropping method, high performance dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSCs) have been realized by MPBTCA and MPBTTCA photosensitizers. Power conversion efficiencies of 6.3 and 6.4 % have been achieved by MPBTCA and MPBTTCA DSCs, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, MPBTCA and MPBTTCA are the most efficient dyes for the donor and acceptor 2,6‐disubstituted BODIPY DSCs so far.
Laying Waste to Mercury: Inexpensive Sorbents Made from Sulfur and Recycled Cooking Oils
Authors: Worthington Max J. H. , Kucera Renata L. , Albuquerque Inês S. , Gibson Christopher T. , Sibley Alexander , Slattery Ashley D. , Campbell Jonathan A. , Alboaiji Salah F. K. , Muller Katherine A. , Young Jason , Adamson Nick , Gascooke Jason R. , Jampaiah Deshetti , Sabri Ylias M. , Bhargava Suresh K. , Ippolito Samuel J. , Lewis David A. , Quinton Jamie S. , Ellis Amanda V. , Johs Alexander , Bernardes Gonçalo J. L. , Chalker Justin M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMercury pollution threatens the environment and human health across the globe. This neurotoxic substance is encountered in artisanal gold mining, coal combustion, oil and gas refining, waste incineration, chloralkali plant operation, metallurgy, and areas of agriculture in which mercury‐rich fungicides are used. Thousands of tonnes of mercury are emitted annually through these activities. With the Minamata Convention on Mercury entering force this year, increasing regulation of mercury pollution is imminent. It is therefore critical to provide inexpensive and scalable mercury sorbents. The research herein addresses this need by introducing low‐cost mercury sorbents made solely from sulfur and unsaturated cooking oils. A porous version of the polymer was prepared by simply synthesising the polymer in the presence of a sodium chloride porogen. The resulting material is a rubber that captures liquid mercury metal, mercury vapour, inorganic mercury bound to organic matter, and highly toxic alkylmercury compounds. Mercury removal from air, water and soil was demonstrated. Because sulfur is a by‐product of petroleum refining and spent cooking oils from the food industry are suitable starting materials, these mercury‐capturing polymers can be synthesised entirely from waste and supplied on multi‐kilogram scales. This study is therefore an advance in waste valorisation and environmental chemistry.
Soluble Platinum Nanoparticles Ligated by Long‐Chain N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes as Catalysts
Authors: Martínez‐Prieto Luis M. , Rakers Lena , López‐Vinasco Angela M. , Cano Israel , Coppel Yannick , Philippot Karine , Glorius Frank , Chaudret Bruno , van Leeuwen Piet W. N. M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are the groups of Frank Glorius, Bruno Chaudret, and Piet W. N. M. van Leeuwen at the University of Münster (Germany) and at the Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano‐objets (LPCNO) of Toulouse (France). The image depicts a soluble Pt nanoparticle ligated by a long‐chain N‐heterocyclic carbene (represented as a force field) as an efficient catalyst in hydroboration of acetylenes. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201702288.
HBr–DMPU: The First Aprotic Organic Solution of Hydrogen Bromide
Authors: Li Zhou , Ebule Rene , Kostyo Jessica , Hammond Gerald B. , Xu Bo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHBr and DMPU (1,3‐dimethyl‐3,4,5,6‐tetrahydro‐2‐pyrimidinone) form a room‐temperature‐stable complex that provides a mild, effective, and selective hydrobrominating reagent toward alkynes, alkenes, and allenes. HBr–DMPU could also replace other halogenating reagents in the halo‐Prins reaction, ether cleavage, and deoxy‐bromination reactions.
Chemical Tagging with tert‐Butyl and Trimethylsilyl Groups for Measuring Intermolecular Nuclear Overhauser Effects in a Large Protein–Ligand Complex
Authors: Jabar Shereen , Adams Luke A. , Wang Yao , Aurelio Luigi , Graham Bim , Otting Gottfried 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIntermolecular 1H‐1H nuclear Overhauser effects (NOE) present a powerful tool to assess contacts between proteins and binding partners, but are difficult to identify for complexes of high molecular weight. This report shows that intermolecular NOEs can readily be observed following chemical labeling with tert‐butyl or trimethylsilyl (TMS) groups. Proteins can be furnished with tert‐butyl or TMS groups site‐specifically using genetically encoded unnatural amino acids or by chemical modification of single cysteine residues. No isotope labeling is required. The approach is demonstrated with the 95 kDa complex between tetrameric E. coli single‐stranded DNA binding protein (SSB) and single‐stranded DNA.
CloudMe forensics: A case of big data forensic investigation
Authors: Teing Yee‐Yang , Dehghantanha Ali , Choo Kim‐Kwang Raymond 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThe significant increase in the volume, variety, and velocity of data complicates cloud forensic efforts, and such (big) evidential data will, at some point, become too (computationally) expensive to be fully identified, collected, and analysed in a timely manner. Thus, it is important for digital forensic practitioners to have an up‐to‐date knowledge of relevant data artefacts that could be forensically recovered from the cloud product under investigation. In this paper, CloudMe, a popular cloud storage service, is studied. The types and locations of the artefacts relating to the installation and uninstallation of CloudMe client application, logging in and out, and file synchronization events from the computer desktop and mobile clients are described. Findings from this research will also help inform future development of tools and techniques (e.g., data mining techniques) for cloud‐enabled big data endpoint forensics investigation.