bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical restraint practice in psychiatric settings and psychiatric nursing approach<p>Psikiyatri kliniklerinde fiziksel tespit uygulaması ve psikiyatri hemşireliği yaklaşımı
Authors: Göktaş Ahmet , Buldukoğlu Kadriye 
Published: December 2017

In psychiatric settings, physical restraint is used to control patients who are behaving in a way that harms themselves and their environment. Physical restraint negatively affects the patient physically, psychologically and socially. For these reasons, alternative methods can be used instead of physical restraint should be used before physical restraint used. The use of alternative methods also plays an important role in reducing the number of physical restraints. In the use of physical restraint, the characteristics of the patients in the setting should be considered and physical restraint should not be used in contraindicated situations. A physical restraint practice guide should be prepared by the health institutions taking into account the ethical and legal dimension of physical restraint. In this guide, the conditions that the nurse should pay attention to must be clearly stated together with the reasons. Such guidance is important in terms of protecting the health care institution, the nurse and the patient from legal problems. Intensive nursing care should be applied to the restrained patient. In particular, frequent checks should be made and regular records kept.The aim of this review is to give general information about physical restraint, to examine the legal and ethical dimension, to provide a physical restraint practice guide and to give information about the psychiatric nursing approach to the restrained patient.Extended English abstract is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetPsikiyatri kliniklerinde kendisine ve çevresine zarar verme davranışında bulunan hastaları kontrol etmek için fiziksel tespit kullanılır. Fiziksel tespit hastayı fiziksel, psikolojik ve sosyal yönden olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu nedenle fiziksel tespit uygulanmadan önce fiziksel tespit yerine kullanılabilecek alternatif yöntemler kullanılmalıdır. Alternatif yöntemlerin kullanılması fiziksel tespit sayısının azaltılmasında da önemli rol oynamaktadır. Fiziksel tespit kullanımında klinikteki hastaların özellikleri dikkate alınmalı ve kontrendike durumlarda fiziksel tespit uygulanmamalıdır. Sağlık kurumları tarafından fiziksel tespitin etik ve yasal boyutu dikkate alınarak, fiziksel tespit uygulama rehberi hazırlanmalıdır. Bu rehberde uygulamada dikkat edilmesi gereken durumlar, gerekçeleri ile birlikte belirtilmelidir. Böyle bir rehber sağlık kurumunu, hemşireyi ve hastayı yasal problemlere karşı korumak açısından önemlidir. Tespit edilen hasta için yoğun hemşirelik bakımı uygulanmalı, sık sık kontrol edilmeli ve sürece ilişkin düzenli kayıt tutulmalıdır.Bu derlemenin amacı, fiziksel tespite ilişkin genel bilgi vermek, yasal ve etik boyutunu incelemek, kullanılabilecek örnek bir fiziksel tespit uygulama rehberi sunmak ve tespit altındaki hastaya psikiyatri hemşireliği yaklaşımı hakkında bilgi vermektir.
Comparative analysis of coaxial magnetocumulative generators
Authors: Wołoszyn Mirosław , Jakubiuk Kazimierz , Zimny Pawel , Kowalak Daniel 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This paper presents the results of a computer simulation of coaxial magnetocumulative current generators (MCGs). The simulation tests were carried out for different values of the internal diameter, length and speed of the deformation of the MGP element.
A photovoltaic source I/U model suitable for hardware in the loop application
Authors: Stala Robert , Penczek Adam , Mondzik Andrzej , Stawiarski Łukasz 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This paper presents a novel, low-complexity method of simulating PV source characteristics suitable for real-time modeling and hardware implementation. The application of the suitable model of the PV source as well as the model of all the PV system components in a real-time hardware gives a safe, fast and low cost method of testing PV systems. The paper demonstrates the concept of the PV array model and the hardware implementation in FPGAs of the system which combines two PV arrays. The obtained results confirm that the proposed model is of low complexity and can be suitable for hardware in the loop (HIL) tests of the complex PV system control, with various arrays operating under different conditions.
Torque characteristics of double-stator permanent magnet synchronous machines
Authors: Awah Chukwuemeka Chijioke , Okoro Ogbonnaya Inya 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The torque profile of a double-stator permanent magnet (PM) synchronous machine of 90 mm stator diameter having different rotor pole numbers as well as dual excitation is investigated in this paper. The analysis includes a comparative study of the machine’s torque and power-speed curves, static torque and inductance characteristics, losses and unbalanced magnetic force. The most promising flux-weakening potential is revealed in 13- and 7-rotor pole machines. Moreover, the machines having different rotor/stator (Nr/Ns) pole combinations of the form Nr = Ns ± 1 have balanced and symmetric static torque waveforms variation with the rotor position in contrast to the machines having Nr = Ns ± 2. Further, the inductance results of the analyzed machines reveal that the machines with odd rotor pole numbers have better fault-tolerant capability than their even rotor pole equivalents. A prototype of the developed double-stator machine having a 13-pole rotor is manufactured and tested for verification.
On autocommutators and the autocommutator subgroup in infinite abelian groups
Authors: Kappe Luise-Charlotte , Longobardi Patrizia , Maj Mercede 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
It is well known that the set of commutators in a group usually does not form a subgroup. A similar phenomenon occurs for the set of autocommutators. There exists a group of order 64 and nilpotency class 2, where the set of autocommutators does not form a subgroup, and this group is of minimal order with this property. However, for finite abelian groups, the set of autocommutators is always a subgroup. We will show in this paper that this is no longer true for infinite abelian groups. We characterize finitely generated infinite abelian groups in which the set of autocommutators does not form a subgroup and show that in an infinite abelian torsion group the set of commutators is a subgroup. Lastly, we investigate torsion-free abelian groups with finite automorphism group and we study whether the set of autocommutators
forms a subgroup in those groups.
Characterization of the essential oil from cone-berries of Juniperus communis L. (Cupressaceae)
Authors: Majewska Ewa , Kozłowska Mariola , Kowalska Dorota , Gruczyńska Eliza 
Published: December 2017

Summary
Juniperus communis L. (Cupressaceae) is a plant widely cultivated in the Northern hemisphere. Juniper berries, the fruit of Juniperus communis L. are a highly valued, essential oil-rich plant material used traditionally in folk medicine as antiseptic, diuretic, antirheumatic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungicidal agent. This paper reviews information on extraction methods of the essential oil from the juniper berries, its chemical composition and antimicrobial as well as antioxidant properties.
The legal discourse in respect of the status of deserted Jewish wives-Agunot in light of Halachic-Jewish Law Responsa of Rabbi Yaakov Moshe Toledano
Authors: Ovadia Moshe 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This article addresses The legal discourse in respect of the status of deserted Jewish Wives-Agunot in light of Halachic-Jewish Law Responsa of Rabbi Yaakov Moshe Toledano [Jewish legal] work Hayam Hagadol (Cairo, 1931) and Bat Ami (Tel Aviv 1947), which belongs to the category of Rabbinic Responsa. From these sources we learn of the legal discourse and his halachic approach in matters related to legal status of deserted Jewish wives (“Agunot”). From his responsa we learn of his use of the legal discourse, how he combined fully spelled out words and acronyms in Hebrew, the main language of his writings. He also used Aramaic, and foreign words written in Hebrew letters, as well as technical terms. We learn of his approach after he had meticulously studied halachic problems and issues, and combined halacha with historical events that impacted on the Jews over the centuries. Using these he issued halachic rulings. He used common sense, and did not rule out modern inputs, but rather addressed them and reached a halachic decision in order to provide his petitioners an adequate response. This article examines whether he was a strict rabbinic adjudicator or tended towards leniency.
Effect of Propolis Oral Intake on Physiological Condition of Young Worker Honey Bees, Apis Mellifera L.
Authors: Damiani Natalia , Porrini Martín P. , Lancia Juan P. , Álvarez Estefanía , Garrido Paula M. , Domínguez Enzo , Gende Liesel B. , Eguaras Martín J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Honey bees collect resin from various plant species and transform it into propolis that is incorporated into the nest. The role of resins in the bee health field is poorly understood. The aim was to evaluate the effects of forced consumption of propolis on the physiological condition and short-term survival of Apis mellifera worker bees. It was tested if the number of circulating hemocytes in hemolymph, the abdominal fat bodies and the hypopharyngeal glands development were affected by the feeding with propolis extracts in laboratory conditions during the warm and the cold seasons. Propolis added to sugar candy was consumed by workers for fourteen days without affecting the bee survival. The number of circulating hemocytes in hemolymph remained constant despite the differential diet during the experiment. However, the development of fat bodies and hypopharyngeal glands was altered by propolis ingestion. The abdominal fat body development in winter bees diminished after fourteen days of propolis consumption, while it increased in summer bees. The hypopharyngeal gland development decreased for the assayed period in workers from both seasons. Our results encourage us to continue exploring this research field and learn how long-term forced ingestion of a plant-derived compound, a non-nutritive substance, can modify physiological bee parameters. A broader understanding of the multiple roles of propolis in the health of the honey bee colonies could be obtained by studying the ways in which it is processed and metabolized and the effect that generates in another physiological responses.
T- and B-cell response analysis following calf immunisation with experimental Mycoplasma bovis vaccine containing saponin and lysozyme dimer
Authors: Dudek Katarzyna , Bednarek Dariusz 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Introduction:
Mycoplasma bovis is a well-known cause of various disorders in cattle, such as pneumonia, arthritis, mastitis kerato-conjunctivitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, otitis media, meningitis, and reproductive disorders. There are no commercial vaccines against M. bovis in Europe, therefore, experimental ones are still under investigation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of experimental M. bovis vaccine, containing the Polish field M. bovis strain as well as saponin and lysozyme dimer adjuvants, on the T- and B-cell response in calves.

Material and Methods: The study was carried out on 12 calves divided into two equal groups: experimental and control. The experimental group was subcutaneously injected with the vaccine composed of the field M. bovis strain as well as saponin and lysozyme dimer as adjuvants, whereas the control one received phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The blood samples were collected prior to the study (day 0), then in 24 h intervals up to day 7 and then each 7 days until day 84 post immunisation. The T- and B-cell response as CD2+ (T-cells), CD4+ (T-helper cells), CD8+ (T-cytotoxic cells), and WC4+ (B-cells) markers was analysed using flow cytometry.

Results: In response to the immunisation, the general stimulation of T-cell was observed, the most seen in an increase in CD8+ subpopulation. Similarly, a visible rise in the percentage of WC4+ cells was registered in the vaccinated calves when compared to the control animals.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the novel experimental M. bovis vaccine containing saponin and lysozyme dimer effectively stimulated the cell-mediated immunity in the calves.
Thoughts on the origin, progress, and pronominal status of reciprocal forms in Germanic, occasioned by those of Bavarian
Authors: Plank Frans 
Published: December 2017

AbstractGrammaticalised reciprocal markers in Germanic derive from combinations of a quantifier and the alterity word ‘other’, elaborating on a minimalist strategy of identical NP repetition suggesting rather than expressing reciprocity (‘earl[s] hated earl[s]’). Subserved by quantifier floating, they develop fromfree to tighter syntactic combinations and eventually intomorphological units, tending towards complete inflectional deactivation. Sooner or later in all Germanic languages, the quantifier part of the reciprocal gets inside prepositional phrases (‘earls fought each/one with other’> ‘earls fought with each/one other’). German continues this fusional theme by combining the reciprocal with prepositions in compounds; and in Bavarian it eventually gets reduced further to a bound stem limited to (partly lexicalised) combinations with a preposition, thus being barred from the direct object relation, unlike the reflexive. In tracing this overall diachronic scenario, the question is raised of the pronominality (or pro-NP-hood) of reciprocals in Germanic. It is argued that, regardless of their nominal and referential source, reciprocals here strongly incline towards becoming adverbs of attenuated, situational rather than personal reference, highlighting the relational (role reversal) rather than the (co-)referential component of reciprocity, as is common also elsewhere.
Potential Valuation of Route Prague – Trutnov after D11 Completion
Authors: Hašek Jakub , Hruška Roman , Vasiliauskas Aidas Vasilis 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
In the Czech Republic, there are many regions with unbalanced competition between bus and rail transport on main transport routes. This is due to differences in the quality of transport infrastructure, the attractiveness of the region, routing traffic routes or economic attractiveness for new investors and industry. The aim of this article is to evaluate the potential for bus operators on the route from Prague to Trutnov after completion of D11 highway project.
Moulding Cultural Capital into Cosmopolitan Capital
Authors: Lindell Johan , Danielsson Martin 
Published: December 2017

AbstractVarious media allow people to build transnational networks, learn about the world and meet people from other cultures. In other words, media may allow one to cultivate cosmopolitan capital, defined here as a distinct form of embodied cultural capital. However, far from everyone is identifying this potential. Analyses of a national survey and in-depth interviews, conducted in Sweden, disclose a tendency among those in possession of cultural capital to recognise and exploit cosmopolitan capital in their media practices. Those who are dispossessed of cultural capital are significantly less liable to approach media in this way. Relying on various media practices in order to reshape one’s cultural capital exemplifies what Bourdieu called a reconversion strategy. As social fields undergo globalisation, media offer opportunities for the privileged to remain privileged – to change in order to conserve.
Dual-release hydrocortisone treatment: glycometabolic profile and health-related quality of life
Authors: Mongioì L M , Condorelli R A , La Vignera S , Calogero A E 
Published: December 2017

Objective
Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is a chronic condition associated with increased mortality and morbidity. The treatment of AI in the last years has been object of important changes due to the development of a dual-release preparation of hydrocortisone. It differs from previous therapeutic strategy as it contemplates a once-daily tablet that allows more closely mimicking the physiological circadian cortisol rhythm. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of dual-release hydrocortisone treatment on the glycometabolic profile and health-related quality of life of patients with AI.

Design and Methods
In this clinical open trial, we enrolled ten patients with primary AI (41 ± 2.67 years) and nine patients with AI secondary to hypopituitarism (53.2 ± 17.7 years). We evaluated the glycometabolic profile before and 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after dual-release hydrocortisone administration. We also evaluated health-related quality of life, estimated by the AddiQol questionnaire. The mean dose administered of dual-release hydrocortisone was 28.33 ± 6.68 mg/day.

Results
One female hypopituitary patient dropped out from the study. After 12 months of treatment, the mean dosage administered of dual-release hydrocortisone was significantly lower (P < 0.05) and all patients reported improved quality of life and well-being. The glycometabolic profile improved and the glycosylated hemoglobin decreased significantly in patients with primary AI (6.25 ± 0.2 vs 5.35 ± 0.17, P < 0.05). In contrast, hypopituitary patients had worse glycometabolic profile and a trend toward hypertriglyceridemia.

Conclusions
Dual-release hydrocortisone treatment improved the quality of life of patients with AI, and it allowed a decrease of cortisol dosage administered in the absence of side effects. The glycometabolic profile worsened in hypopituitary patients.
Reference Quality Genome Assemblies of Three Parastagonospora nodorum Isolates Differing in Virulence on Wheat
Authors: Richards Jonathan K , Wyatt Nathan A , Liu Zhaohui , Faris Justin D , Friesen Timothy L 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Parastagonospora nodorum, the causal agent of Septoria nodorum blotch in wheat, has emerged as a model necrotrophic fungal organism for the study of host–microbe interactions. To date, three necrotrophic effectors have been identified and characterized from this pathogen, including SnToxA, SnTox1, and SnTox3. Necrotrophic effector identification was greatly aided by the development of a draft genome of Australian isolate SN15 via Sanger sequencing, yet it remained largely fragmented. This research presents the development of nearly finished genomes of P. nodorum isolates Sn4, Sn2000, and Sn79-1087 using long-read sequencing technology. RNAseq analysis of isolate Sn4, consisting of eight time points covering various developmental and infection stages, mediated the annotation of 13,379 genes. Analysis of these genomes revealed large-scale polymorphism between the three isolates, including the complete absence of contig 23 from isolate Sn79-1087, and a region of genome expansion on contig 10 in isolates Sn4 and Sn2000. Additionally, these genomes exhibit the hallmark characteristics of a “two-speed” genome, being partitioned into two distinct GC-equilibrated and AT-rich compartments. Interestingly, isolate Sn79-1087 contains a lower proportion of AT-rich segments, indicating a potential lack of evolutionary hotspots. These newly sequenced genomes, consisting of telomere-to-telomere assemblies of nearly all 23 P. nodorum chromosomes, provide a robust foundation for the further examination of effector biology and genome evolution.
Bacteriological study of diabetic foot ulcer according to Wagner’s classification: a one-year study
Authors: Malepati Srikrishna , Vakamudi Prakash , Kandati Jithendra , Satish Sreeram 
Published: December 2017

Background: Diabetes is considered as one of the most important and rapidly evolving non-communicable disease which requires top priority around the world. 10-25% of diabetics develop foot infections [DFI’s] during the course of their disease period ranging from simple calluses to major Osteomyelitis. 3 Microbial infections of the diabetic foot ulcers are difficult to manage because of multiple factors associated in response including overall glycaemic control, associated complications like vascular disease and neuropathy. The present study was done to assess the microbial flora according to Wagner’s classification for diabetic foot disease. To isolate, identify the aerobic bacterial pathogens and their drug sensitivity pattern with reference to ESBL productionMethods: A prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital by department of general surgery among Diabetics presenting with diabetic foot infections. All the enrolled cases were classified based on Wagner’s classification and socio demographic data was noted. Specimens from the ulcer were collected and processed for isolation, identification of pathogens based on standard CLSI guidelines. The antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates was done and ESBL production was demonstrated by standard guidelines.Results: 346 cases were enrolled in study and grade-3 Wagner’s ulcers were predominant. Males were predominant, 46-55 years age group was common with mean age of 55.3±1.4 years. Peripheral arterial disease was more common than peripheral neuropathy and both were found significantly associated with development of ulcers. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were most common isolates. MRSA exhibited maximum sensitivity to vancomycin, clindamycin and linezolid. Gram negative isolates exhibited maximum sensitivity to meropenems, piperacillin-tazobactam. The prevalence of ESBL producers in the study was 16.24%.Conclusions: DFI are a serious concern in uncontrolled diabetics and require proper management. Outcome of the infection depends upon the grading of the ulcer as per Wagner’s classification and also the nature of the infection either polymicrobial or with a single organism. Our study highlights and suggests that prospective multicentre studies are required to assess the appropriate antibiotic regimen in diabetic foot ulcers and proper management of antibiotics must be implemented to decrease the incidence and development of multi drug resistant organisms.