bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytochrome P450-2E1 promotes fast food-mediated hepatic fibrosis
Authors: Abdelmegeed Mohamed A. , Choi Youngshim , Godlewski Grzegorz , Ha Seung-Kwon , Banerjee Atrayee , Jang Sehwan , Song Byoung-Joon 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCytochrome P450-2E1 (CYP2E1) increases oxidative stress. High hepatic cholesterol causes non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis. Thus, we aimed to study the role of CYP2E1 in promoting liver fibrosis by high cholesterol-containing fast-food (FF). Male wild-type (WT) and Cyp2e1-null mice were fed standard chow or FF for 2, 12, and 24 weeks. Various parameters of liver fibrosis and potential mechanisms such as oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance (IR) were studied. Indirect calorimetry was also used to determine metabolic parameters. Liver histology showed that only WT fed FF (WT-FF) developed NASH and fibrosis. Hepatic levels of fibrosis protein markers were significantly increased in WT-FF. The nitroxidative stress marker iNOS, but not CYP2E1, was significantly elevated only in FF-fed WT. Serum endotoxin, TLR-4 levels, and inflammatory markers were highest in WT-FF. FAS, PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, and CB1-R were markedly altered in WT-FF. Electron microscopy and immunoblot analyses showed significantly higher levels of ER stress in FF-fed WT. Indirect calorimetry showed that Cyp2e1-null-mice fed FF exhibited consistently higher total energy expenditure (TEE) than their corresponding WT. These results demonstrate that CYP2E1 is important in fast food-mediated liver fibrosis by promoting nitroxidative and ER stress, endotoxemia, inflammation, IR, and low TEE.
Orthotropic Laminated Open-cell Frameworks Retaining Strong Auxeticity under Large Uniaxial Loading
Authors: Tanaka Hiro , Suga Kaito , Iwata Naoki , Shibutani Yoji 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAnisotropic materials form inside living tissue and are widely applied in engineered structures, where sophisticated structural and functional design principles are essential to employing these materials. This paper presents a candidate laminated open-cell framework, which is an anisotropic material that shows remarkable mechanical performance. Using additive manufacturing, artificial frameworks are fabricated by lamination of in-plane orthotropic microstructures made of elbowed beam and column members; this fabricated structure features orthogonal anisotropy in three-dimensional space. Uniaxial loading tests reveal strong auxeticity (high negative Poisson’s ratios) in the out-of-plane direction, which is retained reproducibly up to the nonlinear elastic region, and is equal under tensile and compressive loading. Finite element simulations support the observed auxetic behaviors for a unit cell in the periodic framework, which preserve the theoretical elastic properties of an orthogonal solid. These findings open the possibility of conceptual materials design based on geometry.
Arabidopsis CBF3 and DELLAs positively regulate each other in response to low temperature
Authors: Zhou Mingqi , Chen Hu , Wei Donghui , Ma Hong , Lin Juan 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe C-repeat binding factor (CBF) is crucial for regulation of cold response in higher plants. InArabidopsis, the mechanism of CBF3-caused growth retardation is still unclear. Our present work shows thatCBF3shares the similar repression of bioactive gibberellin (GA) as well as upregulation of DELLA proteins withCBF1and-2. Genetic analysis reveals that DELLAs play an essential role in growth reduction mediated byCBF1, -2, -3genes. Thein vivoandin vitroevidences demonstrate thatGA2-oxidase 7gene is a novel CBF3 regulon. Meanwhile, DELLAs contribute to cold induction ofCBF1, -2, -3genes through interaction with jasmonate (JA) signaling. We conclude thatCBF3promotes DELLAs accumulation through repressing GA biosynthesis and DELLAs positively regulateCBF3involving JA signaling. CBFs and DELLAs collaborate to retard plant growth in response to low temperature.
Muscle-specific deletion of BDK amplifies loss of myofibrillar protein during protein undernutrition
Authors: Ishikawa Takuya , Kitaura Yasuyuki , Kadota Yoshihiro , Morishita Yukako , Ota Miki , Yamanaka Fumiya , Xu Minjun , Ikawa Masahito , Inoue Naokazu , Kawano Fuminori , Nakai Naoya , Murakami Taro , Miura Shinji , Hatazawa Yukino , Kamei Yasutomi , Shimomura Yoshiharu 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBranched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are essential amino acids for mammals and play key roles in the regulation of protein metabolism. However, the effect of BCAA deficiency on protein metabolism in skeletal muscle in vivo remains unclear. Here we generated mice with lower BCAA concentrations by specifically accelerating BCAA catabolism in skeletal muscle and heart (BDK-mKO mice). The mice appeared to be healthy without any obvious defects when fed a protein-rich diet; however, bolus ingestion of BCAAs showed that mTORC1 sensitivity in skeletal muscle was enhanced in BDK-mKO mice compared to the corresponding control mice. When these mice were fed a low protein diet, the concentration of myofibrillar protein was significantly decreased (but not soluble protein) and mTORC1 activity was reduced without significant change in autophagy. BCAA supplementation in drinking water attenuated the decreases in myofibrillar protein levels and mTORC1 activity. These results suggest that BCAAs are essential for maintaining myofibrillar proteins during protein undernutrition by keeping mTORC1 activity rather than by inhibiting autophagy and translation. This is the first report to reveal the importance of BCAAs for protein metabolism of skeletal muscle in vivo.
The hypoparathyroidism-associated mutation in Drosophila Gcm compromises protein stability and glial cell formation
Authors: Xi Xiao , Lu Lu , Zhuge Chun-Chun , Chen Xuebing , Zhai Yuanfen , Cheng Jingjing , Mao Haian , Yang Chang-Ching , Tan Bertrand Chin-Ming , Lee Yi-Nan , Chien Cheng-Ting , Ho Margaret S. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDifferentiated neurons and glia are acquired from immature precursors via transcriptional controls exerted by factors such as proteins in the family of Glial Cells Missing (Gcm). Mammalian Gcm proteins mediate neural stem cell induction, placenta and parathyroid development, whereas Drosophila Gcm proteins act as a key switch to determine neuronal and glial cell fates and regulate hemocyte development. The present study reports a hypoparathyroidism-associated mutation R59L that alters Drosophila Gcm (Gcm) protein stability, rendering it unstable, and hyperubiquitinated via the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). GcmR59L interacts with the Slimb-based SCF complex and Protein Kinase C (PKC), which possibly plays a role in its phosphorylation, hence altering ubiquitination. Additionally, R59L causes reduced Gcm protein levels in a manner independent of the PEST domain signaling protein turnover. GcmR59L proteins bind DNA, functionally activate transcription, and induce glial cells, yet at a less efficient level. Finally, overexpression of either wild-type human Gcmb (hGcmb) or hGcmb carrying the conserved hypoparathyroidism mutation only slightly affects gliogenesis, indicating differential regulatory mechanisms in human and flies. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the significance of this disease-associated mutation in controlling Gcm protein stability via UPS, hence advance our understanding on how glial formation is regulated.
Metabolic profiling of root exudates from two ecotypes of Sedum alfredii treated with Pb based on GC-MS
Authors: Luo Qing , Wang Shiyu , Sun Li-na , Wang Hui 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPhytoremediation is an effective method to remediate Pb-contaminated soils and root exudates play an important role in this process. Based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and metabolomics method, this study focuses on the comparative metabolic profiling analysis of root exudates from the Pb-accumulating and non-accumulating ecotypes of Sedum alfredii treated with 0 and 50 μmol/L Pb. The results obtained show that plant type and Pb stress can significantly change the concentrations and species of root exudates, and fifteen compounds were identified and assumed to be potential biomarkers. Leaching experiments showed that l-alanine, l-proline and oxalic acid have a good effect to activate Pb in soil, glyceric acid and 2-hydroxyacetic acid have a general effect to activate Pb in soil. 4-Methylphenol and 2-methoxyphenol might be able to activate Pb in soil, glycerol and diethyleneglycol might be able to stabilize Pb in soil, but these activation effect and stabilization effect were all not obvious.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: ß2-adrenoreceptor Inverse Agonist Down-regulates Muscarine Cholinergic Subtype-3 Receptor and Its Downstream Signal Pathways in Airway Smooth Muscle Cells in vitro
Authors: Luo Jian , Liu Yuan-hua , Luo Wei , Luo Zhu , Liu Chun-tao 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMechanisms underlying ß2-adrenoreceptor (ß2AR) inverse agonist mediated bronchoprotectiveness remain unknown. We incubated ICI118,551, formoterol, budesonide, and formoterol plus budesonide, as well as ICI118,551 or pindolol plus formoterol, ICI118,551 plus forskolin, SQ22,536 or H89 plus formoterol in ASMCs to detect expressions of M3R, PLCß1 and IP3. The level of M3R in the presence of 10-5?mmol/L ICI118,551 were significantly decreased at 12?h, 24?h and 48?h (P?<?0.05), and at 24?h were significantly reduced in ICI118,551 with concentration of 10-5mmol/L, 10-6mmol/L, 10-7mmol/L, and 10-8mmol/L (P?<?0.05). The level of IP3 in 10-5mmol/L ICI118,551 was significantly diminished at 24?h (P?<?0.01), except for that at 1?h, neither was in the level of PLCß1. A concentration of 10-5mmol/L ICI118,551 at 24?h showed a significant reduction of M3R level compared to formoterol (P?<?0.01), budesonide (P?<?0.01), and formoterol?+?budesonide (P?<?0.05), but significant reduction of PLCß1 and IP3 was only found between 10-5mmol/L ICI118,551 and formoterol at 24?h, but not in the comparison of budesonide or formoterol?+?budesonide. Pindolol and H89 could not inhibit the formoterol-induced expression of M3R (P?>?0.05), but SQ22,536 significantly antagonized the formoterol-induced M3R expression (P?<?0.05). In conclusions, ß2AR inverse agonist, ICI118,551, exerts similar bronchoprotective effects to corticosteroids via decreasing the expression of M3R and inhibiting the production of IP3.
Microbial taxa and functional genes shift in degraded soil with bacterial wilt
Authors: Zhang Hongchun , Wang Rui , Chen Shu , Qi Gaofu , He Zhili , Zhao Xiuyun 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSoil degradation is a serious global problem, but little is known about how soil microbial communities respond to soil degradation as well as their feedback to ecosystem functioning. In this study, we found the microbial community composition, structure and functional potential significantly altered in the degraded soils with bacterial wilt (termed as degraded soils). Compared with healthy soils, OTU richness of beneficial microorganisms were significantly decreased, but OTU richness of pathogenic microorganisms were significantly increased in the degraded soils. Functional gene array (GeoChip 5.0) analysis showed the functional metabolic potential of genes involved in stress, virulence, sulfur cycle, metal resistance, degradation of plant cell wall was significantly increased in the degraded soils. Increased functional metabolic potential of these genes may be related to the acidification and severe plant disease of degraded soils. Biological activity of degraded soils was obviously decreased with weakened soil enzyme activities when compared to the healthy soils. Soil pH and enzyme activities were negatively correlated with the abundance of genes involved in sulfur cycle, virulence, and stress responses. This study provides new insights into our understanding of soil microbial community responses to soil degradation.
Metal transport protein 8 in Camellia sinensis confers superior manganese tolerance when expressed in yeast and Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Li Qinghui , Li Yue , Wu Xiayuan , Zhou Lin , Zhu Xujun , Fang Wanping 
Published: January 2017

AbstractManganese (Mn) is an important micronutrient element required for plant growth and development, playing catalytic roles in enzymes, membranes and DNA replication. The tea plant (Camellia sinensis) is able to accumulate high concentration of Mn without showing signs of toxicity, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this remain largely unknown. In this study, the C. sinensis cultivar ‘LJCY’ had higher Mn tolerance than cultivar ‘YS’, because chlorophyll content reduction was lower under the high Mn treatment. Proteomic analysis of the leaves revealed that C. sinensis Metal Tolerance Protein 8 (CsMTP8) accumulated in response to Mn toxicity in cultivar ‘LJCY’. The gene encoding CsMTP8, designated as CsMTP8 was also isolated, and its expression enhanced Mn tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Similarly, the overexpression of CsMTP8 in Arabidopsis thaliana increased plant tolerance and reduced Mn accumulation in plant tissues under excess Mn conditions. Subcellular localization analysis of green florescence fused protein indicated that CsMTP8 was localized to the plasma membranes. Taken together, the results suggest that CsMTP8 is a Mn-specific transporter, which is localized in the plasma membrane, and transports excess Mn out of plant cells. The results also suggest that it is needed for Mn tolerance in shoots.
Piscidin-1-analogs with double L- and D-lysine residues exhibited different conformations in lipopolysaccharide but comparable anti-endotoxin activities
Authors: Kumar Amit , Mahajan Mukesh , Awasthi Bhanupriya , Tandon Anshika , Harioudh Munesh Kumar , Shree Sonal , Singh Pratiksha , Shukla Praveen Kumar , Ramachandran Ravishankar , Mitra Kalyan , Bhattacharjya Surajit , Ghosh Jimut Kanti 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTo become clinically effective, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) should be non-cytotoxic to host cells. Piscidins are a group of fish-derived AMPs with potent antimicrobial and antiendotoxin activities but limited by extreme cytotoxicity. We conjectured that introduction of cationic residue(s) at the interface of polar and non-polar faces of piscidins may control their insertion into hydrophobic mammalian cell membrane and thereby reducing cytotoxicity. We have designed several novel analogs of piscidin-1 by substituting threonine residue(s) with L and D-lysine residue(s). L/D-lysine-substituted analogs showed significantly reduced cytotoxicity but exhibited either higher or comparable antibacterial activity akin to piscidin-1. Piscidin-1-analogs demonstrated higher efficacy than piscidin-1 in inhibiting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pro-inflammatory responses in THP-1 cells. T15,21K-piscidin-1 (0.5 mg/Kg) and T15,21dK-piscidin-1 (1.0 mg/Kg) demonstrated 100% survival of LPS (12.0 mg/Kg)-administered mice. High resolution NMR studies revealed that both piscidin-1 and T15,21K-piscidin-1 adopted helical structures, with latter showing a shorter helix, higher amphipathicity and cationic residues placed at optimal distances to form ionic/hydrogen bond with lipid A of LPS. Remarkably, T15,21dK-piscidin-1 showed a helix-loop-helix structure in LPS and its interactions with LPS could be sustained by the distance of separation of side chains of R7 and D-Lys-15 which is close to the inter-phosphate distance of lipid A.
Tissue Microarray Analysis Applied to Bone Diagenesis
Authors: Mello Rafael Barrios , Silva Maria Regina Regis , Alves Maria Teresa Seixas , Evison Martin Paul , Guimarães Marco Aurelio , Francisco Rafaella Arrabaca , Astolphi Rafael Dias , Iwamura Edna Sadayo Miazato 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTaphonomic processes affecting bone post mortem are important in forensic, archaeological and palaeontological investigations. In this study, the application of tissue microarray (TMA) analysis to a sample of femoral bone specimens from 20 exhumed individuals of known period of burial and age at death is described. TMA allows multiplexing of subsamples, permitting standardized comparative analysis of adjacent sections in 3-D and of representative cross-sections of a large number of specimens. Standard hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff and silver methenamine, and picrosirius red staining, and CD31 and CD34 immunohistochemistry were applied to TMA sections. Osteocyte and osteocyte lacuna counts, percent bone matrix loss, and fungal spheroid element counts could be measured and collagen fibre bundles observed in all specimens. Decalcification with 7% nitric acid proceeded more rapidly than with 0.5 M EDTA and may offer better preservation of histological and cellular structure. No endothelial cells could be detected using CD31 and CD34 immunohistochemistry. Correlation between osteocytes per lacuna and age at death may reflect reported age-related responses to microdamage. Methodological limitations and caveats, and results of the TMA analysis of post mortem diagenesis in bone are discussed, and implications for DNA survival and recovery considered.
Nesting of colon and ovarian cancer cells in the endothelial niche is associated with alterations in glycan and lipid metabolism
Authors: Halama Anna , Guerrouahen Bella S. , Pasquier Jennifer , Satheesh Noothan J. , Suhre Karsten , Rafii Arash 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe metabolic phenotype of a cancer cell is determined by its genetic makeup and microenvironment, which dynamically modulates the tumor landscape. The endothelial cells provide both a promoting and protective microenvironment – a niche for cancer cells. Although metabolic alterations associated with cancer and its progression have been fairly defined, there is a significant gap in our understanding of cancer metabolism in context of its microenvironment. We deployed an in vitro co-culture system based on direct contact of cancer cells with endothelial cells (E4+EC), mimicking the tumor microenvironment. Metabolism of colon (HTC15 and HTC116) and ovarian (OVCAR3 and SKOV3) cancer cell lines was profiled with non-targeted metabolic approaches at different time points in the first 48 hours after co-culture was established. We found significant, coherent and non-cell line specific changes in fatty acids, glycerophospholipids and carbohydrates over time, induced by endothelial cell contact. The metabolic patterns pinpoint alterations in hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, glycosylation and lipid metabolism as crucial for cancer – endothelial cells interaction. We demonstrated that “Warburg effect” is not modulated in the initial stage of nesting of cancer cell in the endothelial niche. Our study provides novel insight into cancer cell metabolism in the context of the endothelial microenvironment.
Loss of miR-542-3p enhances IGFBP-1 expression in decidualizing human endometrial stromal cells
Authors: Tochigi Hideno , Kajihara Takeshi , Mizuno Yosuke , Mizuno Yumi , Tamaru Shunsuke , Kamei Yoshimasa , Okazaki Yasushi , Brosens Jan J , Ishihara Osamu 
Published: January 2017

AbstractEndometrial decidualization represents an essential step for the successful implantation of the embryo; however, the molecular mechanism behind this differentiation process remains unclear. This study aimed to identify novel microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in the regulation of decidual gene expression in human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs). An in vitro analysis of primary undifferentiated and decidualizing HESCs was conducted. HESCs were isolated from hysterectomy specimens from normally cycling premenopausal women with uterine fibroids, who were not on hormonal treatment at the time of surgery. Primary HESCs were expanded in culture and decidualized with 8-bromo-cyclic adenosine monophosphate and medroxyprogesterone acetate. Microarray analysis identified six miRNAs differentially expressed in response to decidualization of HESCs. All but one miRNA were downregulated upon decidualization, including miR-542-3p. We demonstrated that miR-542-3p overexpression inhibits the induction of major decidual marker genes, including IGFBP1, WNT4 and PRL. In addition, miR-542-3p overexpression inhibited the morphological transformation of HESCs in response to deciduogenic cues. A luciferase reporter assay confirmed that the 3′-untranslated region of IGFBP1 mRNA is targeted by miR-542-3p. The results suggest that miR-542-3p plays an important role in endometrial decidualization by regulating the expression of major decidual marker genes.
Spin-polarized current injection induced magnetic reconstruction at oxide interface
Authors: Fang F. , Yin Y. W. , Li Qi , Lüpke G. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractElectrical manipulation of magnetism presents a promising way towards using the spin degree of freedom in very fast, low-power electronic devices. Though there has been tremendous progress in electrical control of magnetic properties using ferromagnetic (FM) nanostructures, an opportunity of manipulating antiferromagnetic (AFM) states should offer another route for creating a broad range of new enabling technologies. Here we selectively probe the interface magnetization of SrTiO3/La0.5Ca0.5MnO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 heterojunctions and discover a new spin-polarized current injection induced interface magnetoelectric (ME) effect. The accumulation of majority spins at the interface causes a sudden, reversible transition of the spin alignment of interfacial Mn ions from AFM to FM exchange-coupled, while the injection of minority electron spins alters the interface magnetization from C-type to A-type AFM state. In contrast, the bulk magnetization remains unchanged. We attribute the current-induced interface ME effect to modulations of the strong double-exchange interaction between conducting electron spins and local magnetic moments. The effect is robust and may serve as a viable route for electronic and spintronic applications.
Major cause of unprecedented Arctic warming in January 2016: Critical role of an Atlantic windstorm
Authors: Kim Baek-Min , Hong Ja-Young , Jun Sang-Yoon , Zhang Xiangdong , Kwon Hataek , Kim Seong-Joong , Kim Joo-Hong , Kim Sang-Woo , Kim Hyun-Kyung 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn January 2016, the Arctic experienced an extremely anomalous warming event after an extraordinary increase in air temperature at the end of 2015. During this event, a strong intrusion of warm and moist air and an increase in downward longwave radiation, as well as a loss of sea ice in the Barents and Kara seas, were observed. Observational analyses revealed that the abrupt warming was triggered by the entry of a strong Atlantic windstorm into the Arctic in late December 2015, which brought enormous moist and warm air masses to the Arctic. Although the storm terminated at the eastern coast of Greenland in late December, it was followed by a prolonged blocking period in early 2016 that sustained the extreme Arctic warming. Numerical experiments indicate that the warming effect of sea ice loss and associated upward turbulent heat fluxes are relatively minor in this event. This result suggests the importance of the synoptically driven warm and moist air intrusion into the Arctic as a primary contributing factor of this extreme Arctic warming event.