bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current Concepts of Malignant Hyperthermia
Authors: Jafek Bruce W. , Solomons C.C. , Masson N.C. , Mahowald M.C. , Gumprecht T.F. 
Published: January 2017

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a chemically induced, genetic myopathy characterized by metabolic and respiratory acidosis, arrhythmias, hyperpyrexia, and muscular rigidity usually occurring during or within 24 hours postanesthesia. It is initiated by some anesthetic drugs, muscle relaxants, and possibly by catecholamines produced by stress. The incidence of the disease is 1:15,000 in populations who have received a general anesthetic. A recently developed platelet bioassay test allows for rapid identification of the susceptible individual, while medication with dantrolene sodium can usually prevent or reverse the syndrome.
Epidemiology of Prostatic Cancer
Authors: Debré B. , Geraud M. , Flam T. , Steg A. 
Published: January 2017

The worldwide incidence of prostatic cancer derived from data published by the Union Internationale contre Ie Cancer and the International Red Cross Committee has been estimated to be 200 000 new cases each year. Cases occur predominantly in the USA (75 per 100 000) and in northern Europe (40 per 100 000), whereas the incidence is low in Asia. Comparison of clinical series and autopsies confirms the high incidence of cancer in older age groups, although not all cases are seen clinically. Mortality increases more slowly than the incidence of the disease, indicating that diagnosis and treatment are increasingly effective. Aetiological factors remain the subject of much discussion, without any criteria appearing to be dominant. L'incidence du cancer prostatique dans le monde, selon les publications de l'Union Internationale contre le Cancer et le Comité International de la Croix-Rouge (International Red Cross Committee) a été estiméeà 200 000 nouveaux cas par an avec une prédominance aux Etats-Unis (75 par 100 000) et en Europe du nord (40 par 100 000), les pays asiatiques se voyant épargnés. La comparaison de séries cliniques et d'autopsies confirme la haute incidence de ce cancer chez les personnes plus âgées, bien que tous les cas n'aient pas été vérifiés en pratique clinique. La mortalité croît moins vite que l'incidence de la maladie, ce qui traduit une meilleure performance du diagnostic et du traitement. Les données étiologiques restent très controversées sans critère dominant. L'incidenza del cancro prostatico su scala mondiale, sulla base dei dati pubblicati dalla Union Internationale contre le Cancer e dal Comitate della Croce Rossa Internazionale, è stata stimata in circa 200.000 nuovi casi all'anno. La maggiore incidenza di casi si riscontra negli USA (75 su 100.000) e nell'Europa Settentrionale (40 su 100.000), mentre si registra un'incidenza minore in Asia. Il confronto delle cartelle cliniche e dei risultati delle autopsie conferma l'elevata incidenza del cancro nei gruppi di soggetti di et à più avanzata, sebbene non tutti i casi siano stati considerati clinicamente. Il tasso di mortalité registra un incremento più lento rispetto all'incidenza délia malattia, il che indica che le metodologie diagnostiche e terapeutiche divengono sempre più efficaci. I fattori eziologici rimangono l'oggetto di notevoli discussioni, senza che sia stato ancora individuato alcun criterio prédominante.
Telephone Surveys as an Alternative for Estimating Prevalence of Mental Disorders and Service Utilization: A Montreal Catchment Area Study
Authors: Fournier Louise , Lesage Alain D , Toupin Jean , Cyr Mireille 
Published: January 2017

Background: Large-scale mental health surveys have provided invaluable information regarding the prevalence of specific mental disorders and service use for mental health reasons. Unfortunately, because vast surveys conducted face to face are very costly, many countries and provinces do not embark upon this path of research, thus depriving themselves of a rich source of data useful for service planning. Method: As an alternative, the authors undertook a telephone survey with a sample of 893 residents from a Montreal catchment area. Mental disorders were assessed by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Simplified (CIDIS), an instrument especially designed to be used in mail or telephone surveys. Service utilization was measured by an instrument similar to those used in recent large Canadian or American surveys. Results: The prevalence rate for any mental disorder was lower in this study than in some large-scale epidemiological surveys reviewed. This could be explained by methodological differences, such as number of disorders covered and period of reference. With regard to specific mental disorders, results appeared very similar to those of other studies. Concerning service utilization, rates tended to be higher than in other studies, and this finding could reflect real differences between Quebec and other Canadian provinces or the United States. Conclusions: Aside from being lower in cost, telephone surveys can yield results comparable to those obtained in large-scale epidemiological surveys conducted by means of face-to-face interviews.
Expression of Depressed Mood: A Comparative Study among Japanese and Canadian Aged People
Authors: Komahashi Toru , Ganesan Soma , Ohmori Kenichi , Nakano Takashi 
Published: January 2017

Objective: To investigate differences of expression regarding depressed mood between Japanese and Canadian aged people. Method: The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) was applied to people aged 65 and over in Ohira, Japan, and Steveston, British Columbia, Canada. Results: The number of subjects who filled out the SDS completely was 2180 for the Japanese sample and 183 for the Canadian sample. The mean SDS indexes of the Japanese and the Canadian samples were 44.03 and 44.34, respectively. The Canadian sample showed a higher average score in 11 items out of 20, whereas the Japanese sample showed a higher score on only 4 items. The factor analysis of those samples showed only small differences. Conclusions: The Canadian sample showed a higher average score in more items compared with the Japanese sample. This indicates that Canadian aged people express their depressed moods more clearly and spontaneously than Japanese aged people.
Influence of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction algorithm on image quality in coronary computed tomography angiography
Authors: Precht Helle , Thygesen Jesper , Gerke Oke , Egstrup Kenneth , Waaler Dag , Lambrechtsen Jess 
Published: January 2017

Background Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) requires high spatial and temporal resolution, increased low contrast resolution for the assessment of coronary artery stenosis, plaque detection, and/or non-coronary pathology. Therefore, new reconstruction algorithms, particularly iterative reconstruction (IR) techniques, have been developed in an attempt to improve image quality with no cost in radiation exposure. Purpose To evaluate whether adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) enhances perceived image quality in CCTA compared to filtered back projection (FBP). Material and Methods Thirty patients underwent CCTA due to suspected coronary artery disease. Images were reconstructed using FBP, 30% ASIR, and 60% ASIR. Ninety image sets were evaluated by five observers using the subjective visual grading analysis (VGA) and assessed by proportional odds modeling. Objective quality assessment (contrast, noise, and the contrast-to-noise ratio [CNR]) was analyzed with linear mixed effects modeling on log-transformed data. The need for ethical approval was waived by the local ethics committee as the study only involved anonymously collected clinical data. Results VGA showed significant improvements in sharpness by comparing FBP with ASIR, resulting in odds ratios of 1.54 for 30% ASIR and 1.89 for 60% ASIR ( P = 0.004). The objective measures showed significant differences between FBP and 60% ASIR ( P < 0.0001) for noise, with an estimated ratio of 0.82, and for CNR, with an estimated ratio of 1.26. Conclusion ASIR improved the subjective image quality of parameter sharpness and, objectively, reduced noise and increased CNR.
Embryo–epithelium interactions during implantation at a glance
Authors: Aplin John D. , Ruane Peter T. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
At implantation, with the acquisition of a receptive phenotype in the uterine epithelium, an initial tenuous attachment of embryonic trophectoderm initiates reorganisation of epithelial polarity to enable stable embryo attachment and the differentiation of invasive trophoblasts. In this Cell Science at a Glance article, we describe cellular and molecular events during the epithelial phase of implantation in rodent, drawing on morphological studies both in vivo and in vitro, and genetic models. Evidence is emerging for a repertoire of transcription factors downstream of the master steroidal regulators estrogen and progesterone that coordinate alterations in epithelial polarity, delivery of signals to the stroma and epithelial cell death or displacement. We discuss what is known of the cell interactions that occur during implantation, before considering specific adhesion molecules. We compare the rodent data with our much more limited knowledge of the human system, where direct mechanistic evidence is hard to obtain. In the accompanying poster, we represent the embryo–epithelium interactions in humans and laboratory rodents, highlighting similarities and differences, as well as depict some of the key cell biological events that enable interstitial implantation to occur.
EPHect – the Endometriosis Phenome (and Biobanking) Harmonisation Project – may be very helpful for clinicians and the women they are treating
Authors: Miller Laura M. , Johnson Neil P. 
Published: January 2017

This article acts as a summary of the recently published papers by the World Endometriosis Research Foundation aiming to set up the Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking Harmonisation Project. The objective of this project is to standardise recording of patient history and characteristics, recording of surgical procedure and extent of disease as well as collection, processing and storage of specimens and consequently create a reliable resource for research into endometriosis.
United States policy toward Estonia and the Baltic states 1918–1920 and 1989–1991 [Kokkuvõte: Ameerika Ühendriikide välispoliitika Eesti ja Balti riikide suhtes 1918–1920 ja 1989–1991]
Authors: Arens Olavi 
Published: January 2017

The following paper deals with US policy toward the Baltic states at two different time periods (1918–20 and 1989–91) and by two very different presidents (Woodrow F. Wilson and George H. W. Bush). The first period represented the time that saw the emergence of the United States on the world stage. Woodrow Wilson seemingly advocated self-determination as was understood by a number of his advisers at the Peace Conference, but eventually decided to support the unity of Russia as part of an anti-Bolshevik policy. During the second period, George H. W. Bush negotiated a settlement to end another conflict, the Cold War. While self-determination of the Baltic states (on the basis of the US non-recognition policy) was not of prime importance for the US, it nevertheless was brought up at very summit meeting with Mikhail Gorbachev and came to be linked to the resolution of economic issues between the two major powers.
Ultimately the restoration of independence was decided by developments in the Soviet Union, but US policy made the Baltic question an international issue and helped resolve it peacefully.
Adaptations within the financial market in China after global financial crisis
Authors: Glinka Katarzyna 
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this paper is to present the evolutionary changes occurring in the financial market of China, which were catalysed by the turmoil in the global financial market. These changes were the outcome of anti-crisis measures in macroeconomics policy undertaken at the beginning of the crisis; they were also a response to the quantitative easing policy in the USA and in the Euro Zone (i.e. an increased money supply also reaching the financial market in China). With the currently binding system of currency exchange (managed floating exchange rate), China’s policy towards capital movement, on the one hand, is an attempt to maximise the benefits of the inflow of foreign capital , whilst, on the other – to minimise the risk related to the sudden changes in the direction of the flow of capital. The consequence of such an approach is the strategy of gradual liberalisation of capital account, accompanied by the significant involvement of the state in the financial market. Some specific solutions applied to this matter, that are discussed in the paper, point to the specifics of such a strategy. The liberalisation of the national capital market was preceded by the liberalisation of the offshore market (in Hong Kong). Such a strategy allows China to take up measures directed at the internationalisation of their own currency without any significant opening of the capital account. This paper concentrates on a descriptive analysis of the above phenomenon.
Brand Importance across Product Categories in the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic and the Russian Federation
Authors: Tahal Radek , Formánek Tomáš 
Published: January 2017

Purpose: Customer loyalty is an important and complex aspect of the market environment. This study aims at analysing the significance attached by different customer groups to brands in particular product categories within the Fast Moving Consumer Goods sector and to enhance existing knowledge in this field.Methodology/Approach: This study is based on primary data gathered through a consumer survey that was consistently carrried out in the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic and the Russian Federation during November 2015. Different quantitative and statistical analysis methods and tests are applied. Logistic regression and average partial effect estimation form the main base for conclusions presented.Findings: This study focuses on two key research topics: First, we describe how much does a perceived brand importance differ across various product categories. Second, we identify and quantify the influence of important socio-demographic and lifestyle factors that affect the potential for brand loyalty across different product categories. Main findings are highlighted and interpreted.Research Limitation/implication: For the three countries involved, this study describes the topical situation at the time of the survey. In the coming years, repeated surveys might identify changes and trends in customer behaviour.Originality/Value of paper: This paper is based on primary data, consistently gathered across three countries. By means advanced statistical analyses, the authors provide comprehensive quantitative output that may be used for immediate marketing purposes and for further scientific research.
Design of Ultra-Wideband Tapered Slot Antenna by Using Binomial Transformer with Corrugation
Authors: Chareonsiri Yosita , Thaiwirot Wanwisa , Akkaraekthalin Prayoot 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
In this paper, the tapered slot antenna (TSA) with corrugation is proposed for UWB applications. The multi-section binomial transformer is used to design taper profile of the proposed TSA that does not involve using time consuming optimization. A step-by-step procedure for synthesis of the step impedance values related with step slot widths of taper profile is presented. The smooth taper can be achieved by fitting the smoothing curve to the entire step slot. The design of TSA based on this method yields results with a quite flat gain and wide impedance bandwidth covering UWB spectrum from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz. To further improve the radiation characteristics, the corrugation is added on the both edges of the proposed TSA. The effects of different corrugation shapes on the improvement of antenna gain and front-to-back ratio (F-to-B ratio) are investigated. To demonstrate the validity of the design, the prototypes of TSA without and with corrugation are fabricated and measured. The results show good agreement between simulation and measurement.
An Analytic Hierarchy Process Analysis: Application to Subscriber Retention Decisions in the Nigerian Mobile Telecommunications
Authors: Adebiyi Sulaimon Olanrewaju , Oyatoye Emmanuel Olateju , Kuye Owolabi Lateef 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The introduction of mobile number portability (MNP) in the Nigerian telecommunications industry has brought a new challenge for mobile operators. This study investigates the use of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in customer retention decisions in the Nigerian telecommunication industry using a cross-sectional survey design. Primary data were obtained through questionnaires administered to 480 mobile telecommunications subscribers in six tertiary institutions located in Lagos State, Nigeria. These educational institutions were chosen using a multistage sampling technique. Of 438 questionnaires received from subscribers, 408 were valid. Based on this sample data an AHP model was built to assess the determinants of customer retention decisions. Next, eigen values, an eigen vector and maximum lambda (λMax) were obtained using the AHP analysis for the matrices. This analysis shows that customers considered call quality as the important in the retention decision. We conclude that AHP is a meaningful tool for determining what motivates retention decisions, that can help network operators formulate effective customer retention strategies.
Emerging Varieties of Capitalism in Transition Countries: Literature Review
Authors: Leszczyński Dariusz 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The systemic transformation of post-socialist countries from central planning to a market economy was a very complex and unprecedented undertaking. In this study we critically examine three influential classifications proposed by Coates [2000, 2006], Hall and Soskice [2001], and Amable [2003], within the “comparative capitalisms” literature stream, and argue that they are unsuitable for evaluating the progress made by transition economies since 1990. The basis of the criticism stems from timing: these theoretical frameworks were developed primarily to evaluate the growth of advanced and mature capitalist countries. Thus, they fail to capture the unique features of transition economies and the complexity of the transformation process that led to the emergence of different market-based systems. From this vantage point, we discusses and also critique a recent classification developed by Myant and Drahokoupil [2011, 2015], who distinguish five ideal models (i.e. “varieties of capitalism”) that have evolved within transition countries. In our conclusion we point to areas within the field that may be explored by future research.
Effect of natural fibres on the mechanical properties of thermoplastic starch
Authors: Oniszczuk Tomasz , Wójtowicz Agnieszka , Moácicki Leszek , Mitrus Marcin , Kupryaniuk Karol , Kusz Andrzej , Bartnik Grzegorz 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This paper presents the results covering the mechanical properties of thermoplastic potato starch granules with flax, cellulose fibre, and pine bark addition. A modified single screw extrusion-cooker TS-45 with L/D = 18 and an additional cooling section of the barrel was used as the processing unit. The establishment influence of the fibre addition, as well as the extrusion-cooker screw speed, on the mechanical properties of the thermoplastic starch granules was the main objective of the investigation. The maximum force during compression to 50% of the sample diameter, elastic modulus, and compression strength were evaluated. Significant differences were noted depending on the amount of fibre used, while only an insignificant influence of screw speed on the mechanical properties of the granulate was reported. An increased amount of fibres lowered the maximum force as well as the elastic modulus and compression strength of the thermoplastic starch granulates.
Calorific evaluation and energy potential of grape pomace
Authors: Burg Patrik , Ludín David , Rutkowski Kazimierz , Krakowiak-Bal Anna , Trávníček Petr , Zemánek Pavel , Turan Jan , Višacki Vladimir 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis article deals with energetic evaluation and potential of pomace – a waste product originating during production of grape wine. Calorimetric analysis of 19 grapevine varieties was performed in 2013 and 2014. The aim was to specify their combustible limit and the gross calorific value. The evaluations were performed on pristine pomace, pomace without seeds, and only on seeds themselves. The results obtained imply that pomace is an interesting energetic resource with a gross calorific value of 16.07-18.97 MJ kg−1. Lower calorific values were detected in pomace after seed separationie14.60-17.75 MJ kg−1; on the contrary, seeds alone had the highest calorific values of 19.78-21.13 MJ kg−1. It can be assumed from the results of energetic evaluation of pomace in Czech Republic conditions that, by purposeful and efficient usage of pomace, 6.4 GWh of electric energy and 28 GWh of thermal energy can be generated.
Mathematical models for prediction of rheological parameters in vinasses derived from sugar cane
Authors: Chacua Leidy M. , Ayala Germán , Rojas Hernán , Agudelo Ana C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe rheological behaviour of vinasses derived from sugar cane was studied as a function of time (0 and 600 s), soluble solids content (44 and 60 °Brix), temperature (10 and 50°C), and shear rate (0.33 and 1.0 s−1). The results indicated that vinasses were time-independent at 25°C, where shear stress values ranged between 0.01 and 0.08 Pa. Flow curves showed a shear-thinning rheological behaviour in vinasses with a flow behaviour index between 0.69 and 0.89, for temperature between 10 and 20°C. With increasing temperature, the flow behaviour index was modified, reaching values close to 1.0. The Arrhenius model described well the thermal activation of shear stress and the consistency coefficient as a function of temperature. Activation energy from the Arrhenius model ranged between 31 and 45 kJ mol−1. Finally, the consistency coefficient as a function of the soluble solids content and temperature was well fitted using an exponential model (R2= 0.951), showing that the soluble solids content and temperature have an opposite effect on consistency coefficient values.
Effect of composition on physical properties of food powders
Authors: Szulc Karolina , Lenart Andrzej 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The paper presents an influence of raw material composition and technological process applied on selected physical properties of food powders. Powdered multi-component nutrients were subjected to the process of mixing, agglomeration, coating, and drying. Wetting liquids ie water and a 15% water lactose solution, were used in agglomeration and coating. The analyzed food powders were characterized by differentiated physical properties, including especially: particle size, bulk density, wettability, and dispersibility. The raw material composition of the studied nutrients exerted a statistically significant influence on their physical properties. Agglomeration as well as coating of food powders caused a significant increase in particle size, decreased bulk density, increased apparent density and porosity, and deterioration in flowability in comparison with non-agglomerated nutrients.