bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF MONOSUBSTITUTED (S)‐OXIRANES OF HIGH OPTICAL PURITY
Authors: SCHMIDT U. , TALBIERSKY J. , BARTKOWIAK F. , WILD J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDas literaturbekannte Tosylat (I) mit R‐Konfiguration, für das eine verbesserte Darstellungsmethode angegeben wird, wird mit Lithiumalkylen zu den S‐konfigurierten Dioxolanen (II) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON NEW SYNTHETIC PATHWAYS TO Δα,β‐BUTENOLIDES FROM α‐METHYLBUTANOLIDES. II. ELECTROLYTIC OXIDATION OF SIMPLE α‐CARBOXY‐α‐METHYLBUTANOLIDES
Authors: KAWAMATA T. , INAYAMA S. , SATA K. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDas aus dem γ‐Valerolacton (I) durch Methoxycarbonylierung, Methylierung und Hydrolyse gebildete Carboxyvalerolacton (II) ergibt bei der Elektrolyse der Natriumsalze Gemische der ACkß‐Butenolide (III) und (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: INTRODUCTION OF THE (DIMETHYLHYDRAZONO)ETHYL GROUP INTO ACTIVE METHYLENE COMPOUNDS AND PHENOLS
Authors: SEVERIN T. , LERCHE H. , MAYRING L. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Trimethylammonium‐Gruppe des Hydrazons (III) läßt sich durch Nucleophile, CH‐acide Verbindungen und Phenole verdrängen [Bildung der Hydrazonoethyl‐Derivate (IV), (V) und (VII)].
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYLATION OF INDOLES BY TRIETHYLBENZYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE
Authors: YUROVSKAYA M. A. , KOST A. N. , AZAREVICH O. G. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBei der Alkylierung des Dimethylindols (I) mit co‐Halogenalkylphthalimiden (II) im Zweiphasensystem in Gegenwart von Triethylbenzylammoniumchlorid als Phasentransfer‐Katalysator wird bei geringer Länge der Alkylkette (n=2) anstelle der erwarteten Verbindungen (V) eine Bildung des N‐Benzylindols (IV) beobachtet.
ChemInform Abstract: RADICAL REACTIONS WITH HEXAFLUOROACETONAZINE. XX. A NEW SYNTHESIS FOR 3‐(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PYRAZOLES
Authors: BURGER K. , ZETTL C. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDas Azin (I) reagiert mit wasserfreiem Tetrahydrofuran zu den thermisch wenig beständigen Addukten (II), die sich in die Hydrazone (III) umlagern.
ChemInform Abstract: TRANSHALOGENATION IN CHLOROETHYNYL DERIVATIVES OF NITROGEN‐CONTAINING HETEROCYCLES
Authors: SINYAKOV A. N. , SHVARTSBERG M. S. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBeim Behandeln der Chlorethinyl‐1‐methyl‐imidazole (I), (V) und (VII) bzw. des ‐triazols (III) mit Natriumamid in flüssigem Ammoniak werden unter Wanderung des Chloratoms der Alkylgruppe in die 2‐ oder 5‐Stellung die Verbindungen (II), (IV), (VI) und (VIII) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF PYRANTHIONES
Authors: VAN ALLAN J. A. , REYNOLDS G. A. , STENBERG J. F. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAus dem Benz‐xanthenon (I) erhält man mit Tosylisocyanat (II) das Tosylimin (III), das mit Schwefelwasserstoff zum Thio‐Analogon (IV) führt.
ChemInform Abstract: SEQUENCE OF HYDROGEN REPLACEMENT BY LITHIUM OR HALOGEN IN 2,6‐DIMETHYLPYRIDINE
Authors: KARPMAN YA. S. , AZIMOV V. A. , ANISIMOVA O. S. , YAKHONTOV L. N. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Umsetzung des 2,6‐Lutidins (I) mit Phenyllithium ergibt bei einer anschlie‐ βenden Deuterolyse der gebildeten Lithiumverbindung ein monodeuteriertes Produkt (II).
ChemInform Abstract: BASIC ANTIINFLAMMATORY COMPOUNDS. N,N′,N′′‐TRISUBSTITUTED GUANIDINES
Authors: RACHLIN S. , BRAMM E. , AHNFELT‐RONNE I. , ARRIGONI‐MARTELLI E. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractNach bekannten Verfahren werden die trisubstituierten Guanidine (I)‐(V) dargestellt und auf entzündungshemmende Wirkung untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF PEPTIDES CONTAINING 1,2,3,4‐TETRAHYDROQUINOLINE‐2‐CARBOXYLIC ACID. PART 3. CYCLIZATION OF DIPEPTIDES AND AMIDES WITH ACETIC ANHYDRIDE
Authors: ZECCHINI G. P. , PARADISI M. P. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBei der Behandlung mit Acetanhydrid erhält man aus den 1‐Acyl‐tetrahydrochinolin‐2‐carbonsäuren (I) die isomeren Cyclisierungsprodukte (II) und (III), deren Konformationen diskutiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOCHEMICAL STUDIES. 49. ASYMMETRIC SYNTHESIS OF 2,3‐CYCLOALKANO‐4‐PIPERIDOLES
Authors: GRISHINA G. V. , POTAPOV V. M. , GUDASHEVA T. A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Reduktion optisch aktiver Enaminoketone (I) mit Natriumborhydrid erfolgt als asymmetrische 1,4‐Hydridaddition und führt zu optisch aktiven Diastereomerenpaaren von Cycloalkanopiperidolen (II) und ihren Dehydratisierungsprodukten (III).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY OF 3‐(β‐ARYLETHANOLAMINO)‐ AND 3‐(Γ‐ARYLOXYPROPANOLAMINO)QUINUCLIDINES
Authors: BONDARENKO V. A. , TRUBITSINA T. K. , MIKHLINA E. E. , MASHKOVSKII M. D. , YAKHONTOV L. N. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDurch Reaktion des Ketons (I) mit Aminen (II) bzw. (V) erhält man Schiffsche Basen (III) bzw. (VI), die zu den entsprechenden Aminen (IV) bzw. (VII) reduziert werden können.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES. XV. HOMOLYTIC ACYLATION AND AMIDATION OF SIMPLY SUBSTITUTED PYRIMIDINES
Authors: SAKAMOTO T. , ONO T. , SAKASAI T. , YAMANAKA H. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie disubstituierten Pyrimidine (I) und (VI) reagieren bei der homolytischen Acylierung mit Brenztraubensäure/Silbernitrat/Ammo‐ "niumperoxydisulfat oder mit Aldehyden/Eisen(II)‐sulfat und tert.‐Butylhydroperoxid zu den acyljerten Pyrimidinen (III) und (V) bzw. (VII) und (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: TRIAZOLO(4,5‐D)PYRIMIDINES. VI. 3‐PHENYL‐3H‐1,2,3‐TRIAZOLO(4,5‐D)PYRIMIDINE‐7‐CARBONITRILE AND RELATED COMPOUNDS
Authors: HIGASHINO T. , KATORI T. , YOSHIDA S. , HAYASHI E. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDas Triazolo‐pyrimidin‐carbonitril (I) reagiert mit Aminen und Alkoholaten sowie den Carbanionen von Diethylmalonat, Acetessigester, Pentandion, Aceton und Acetophenon unter Substitution des Nitrilrestes und Bildung der 7‐substituierten Verbindungen (III), (V) und (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: FOLATE ANALOGS ALTERED IN THE C9‐N10 BRIDGE REGION. 14. 11‐OXAHOMOFOLIC ACID, , A POTENTIAL ANTITUMOR AGENT
Authors: NAIR M. G. , SAUNDERS C. , CHEN S.‐Y. , KISLIUK R. L. , GAUMONT Y. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAuf dem im Formelschema skizzierten Weg wird über die Schlüsselverbindung (V) die im Titel genannte Verbindung (XI) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: CIS‐DICARBONYL‐η‐1‐SILACYCLOHEXA‐2,4‐DIENEMOLYBDENUM(0) AND ‐TUNGSTEN(0) COMPLEXES, DIMERS OF 4‐ALKYL‐1‐SILACYCLOHEXA‐1,3‐DIENES WITH 1,3‐DISILACYCLOBUTANE STRUCTURE, AND 2,2′‐DI‐1‐SILACYCLOHEXA‐2,4‐DIENES
Authors: MAERKL G. + , HOFMEISTER P. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Silacyclohexadiene (I) reagieren mit den Molybdän‐ und Wolframkomplexen (II) zu Dicarbonylkomplexen mit zwei Silacyclohexadien‐Liganden (III).
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANOSILICON COMPOUNDS. PART LXXII. SUBSTITUTED 1,3‐DIOXA‐2‐SILACYCLOPENTANES
Authors: BIRKOFER L. , STUHL O. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Silylierung substituierter Diole (I) mit Hilfe von Hexamethylsilazan (II) führt zu o‐silylierten Derivaten (III).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PHOSPHONIUM SALTS AND ILIDES CONTAINING TRICHLOROETHYLAMIDE FRAGMENTS
Authors: KUSHNIR V. N. , VOLYANSKII YU. L. , SHEVCHUK M. I. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Ylide (I) reagieren mit den Isocyanaten (II) zu den Ylid‐amiden (III)‐(V), die mit Chlorwasserstoff oder Brom zu den Phosphoniumsalzen (VI)‐(IX) umgesetzt werden können.
ChemInform Abstract: NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITION OF (TRIPHENYLSTANNYL)LITHIUM TO CARBON DISULFIDE
Authors: BOLZ P.‐R. , KUNZE U. , WINTER W. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDas bei Einwirkung von Triphenylstannyl‐Li (I) auf CS2 durch nucleophile Addition gebildete Primärprodukt läßt sich durch Alkylierung mit Methyl‐ oder Ethyliodid ‐ nicht jedoch mit Arylhalogeniden ‐ als stannylsubstituierte Dithioameisensäureester (II) abfangen.
ChemInform Abstract: QUATERNARY SALTS FROM 2‐(METHYLPYRIDYL OR QUINOLYL)BENZIMIDAZOLES AND RELATED POLYMETHINE DYES
Authors: BARNI E. , SAVARINO P. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Quaternisierung verschiedener Benzimidazole mit Methyliodid führt zu den methylierten Salzen (I)‐(VI), bei denen die Stellung der Methylgruppe bestimmt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐OCTADECYL‐ AND 3,3‐DIPHENYL‐SUBSTITUTED PHOTOCHROMIC INDOLINOSPIROCHROMENES
Authors: SAMOILOVA N. P. , BOBYLEVA G. K. , GAL'BERSHTAM M. A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractTrimethylindolenin (I) reagiert mit Octadecyliodid (II) zum Salz (III).
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION, DECARBOXYLATION AND ABSOLUTE CONFIGURATION OF (+)‐11α‐CARBOXY‐ AND (+)‐11β‐CARBOXY‐3α,4β,5α,6βH‐HEXAHYDROSANTONIN, AND (‐)‐11β‐CARBOXYSANTONIN
Authors: INAYAMA S. , KAWAMATA T. , HIROSE T. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Methoxycarbonylierung des Hexahydrosantonins (I) mit Dimethylcarbonat und Natriumhydrid liefert nach anschließender Behandlung mit konzentrierter Salzsäure in Dioxan ein Gemisch der beiden optisch aktiven 1 1‐Carboxyhexahydrosantonine (II) und (III).
ChemInform Abstract: NEW, C‐18 FUNCTIONAL DERIVATIVES OF DEOXYCORTICOSTERONE
Authors: NEEF G. , EDER U. , HAFFER G. , SAUER G. , WIECHERT R. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Synthese von 21‐ Hydroxy‐18‐hydroxymethyl‐19‐nor‐4 pregnen‐3,20‐dion (XIIb) aus Östronme thylether (I) über die Stufen (II) (entsprechend Literaturangaben erhalten) und weiter (III) bis (XIIa) (z.T.
ChemInform Abstract: STRUCTURAL MODIFICATIONS ON PARTIALLY SILYLATED CARBOHYDRATES BY TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE/DIETHYL AZODICARBOXYLATE. PART IV. TRANSFORMATIONS ON MANNOSE AND GALACTOSE
Authors: MARK E. , ZBIRAL E. , BRANDSTETTER H. H. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractSilylierung des β‐D‐Galakto‐(Ia) bzw. α‐D‐Mannopyranosids (Ib) mit dem Reagenz (II) liefert die Derivate (IIIa)+(IIIb) + (IIIc) [mit 2 mol (II)] bzw. (IIId) [mit l mol (II)] bzw. (IXa)+(IXb) [ mit 2 mol (II)] bzw. (IXc) [mit l mol (II)], von denen ausgehend die im Formelschema im einzelnen angegebenen Umsetzungen mit dem aktivierenden System Triphenylphosphan/(IV) unter Bildung der Derivate (V)‐(VIII) sowie (X)‐(XIII) durchgeführt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF NOVEL MONO‐ AND DISACCHARIDE GLYCALS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF OLIGODEOXY OLIGOSACCHARIDES
Authors: THIEM J. , OSSOWSKI P. , SCHWENTNER J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Epoxidringöffnung des allo‐Epoxids (I) mit Li‐Igibt unter verschiedenen Bedingungen jeweils ein Gemisch der Iodhydrine (II)+(III), aus dem mit Methyl‐Li das D‐Digitoxal (IVa) gewonnen wird (präparative Darstellung zweckmäßig ohne Trennung und Reinisolierung von (II/(III)].
ChemInform Abstract: A PREPARATION OF THE BRANCHED TRISACCHARIDE 2‐ACETAMIDO‐2‐DEOXY‐4‐O‐(β‐D‐GALACTOPYRANOSYL)‐3‐O‐(β‐D‐XYLOPYRANOSYL# )‐D‐GLUCOPYRANOSE (3‐O‐β‐D‐XYLOPYRANOSYL‐N‐ACETYLLACTOSAMINE)
Authors: OGURI S. , ISHIHARA H. , TEJIMA S. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDas aus dem Acetamido‐glucopyranosid (I) durch Kondensation mit dem Xylopyranosylbromid (II) nach Abspaltung der Schutzgruppen erhaltene Disaccharid (III) wird selektiv benzoyliert.
ChemInform Abstract: THIOSUGARS. VII. SYNTHESIS OF METHYL 2,3,5,6‐TETRADEOXY‐2,3,5,6‐TETRATHIO‐β‐L‐GALACTOFURANOSIDE AND ‐α‐D‐ALTROFURANOSIDE
Authors: YAMAGUCHI T. , WATANABE M. , TAGUCHI T. , KOJIMA M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Umsetzung des Bis‐methansulfony1‐ Derivats der Glucose (I) mit Natriumtrithiocarbonat liefert Gemische der epimeren Thiocarbonyldithio‐galactofuranoside (II) und (III), aus denen durch Reduktion mit Natrium in flüssigem Ammoniak die Tetradesoxy‐tetrathiogalactofuranoside (IV) und (V) entstehen.
ChemInform Abstract: BINDING SPECIFICITIES OF ADENOSINE AMINOHYDROLASE FROM CALF INTESTINAL MUCOSA WITH DIALDEHYDES DERIVED FROM HEXOFURANOSYLADENINE NUCLEOSIDES
Authors: GRANT A. J. , LERNER L. M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Dialdehyde (I)‐(VII) werden durch Oxidation von Hexofuranosyladeninnucleosiden mit Paraperiodsäure erhalten und untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐TRIFLUOROMETHYLCEPHALOSPORINS. I. TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF TERT‐BUTYL (.+‐.)‐7‐AMINO‐3‐TRIFLUOROMETHYL‐3‐CEPHEM‐4‐CARBOXYLATE
Authors: WATANABE T. , KAWANO Y. , TANAKA T. , HASHIMOTO T. , MIYADERA T. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAus dem Benzylidenglycinester (I) wird durch Kondensation mit Trifluorbromaceton (II) ein Gemisch der Hydroxy‐aminosäureester (III) und (IV) hergestellt, wobei aus (III) in weiteren Reaktionen das Dihydrothiazin (V) und aus diesem durch Cycloaddition von Azidoacetylchlorid (VI) Cephemderivate erhalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: HOMOLOGATION AS A BASIC REACTION OF SYNTHESIS GAS CHEMISTRY
Authors: BAHRMANN H. , CORNILS B. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Ho mologisierung ist mit ihrer Möglichkeit der Kettenverlängerung geeigneter Substrate mittels Synthesegas (CO/Hz) eine Basisreaktion der Synthesegaschemie.
Lessons learned from the testing of RC frames with masonry infills and proposals for new solutions / Untersuchungen an mit Mauerwerk ausgefachten Stahlbetonrahmen und neue Lösungsvorschläge
Authors: Lourenço Paulo B. , Vasconcelos Graça , Leite João , Pereira Paulo 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPast experience has shown that inadequate design of unreinforced masonry walls (URM) or inadequate selection of materials can lead to significant economic losses and fatalities in the case of a strong earthquake. In this context, this paper presents the experimental research that has been carried out with the aim of gaining a better insight into the traditional masonry infill walls commonly built in Portugal. The experimental research includes: (1) shaking table tests on reduced‐scale reinforced concrete (RC) buildings with masonry infills with distinct typologies, from traditional solutions to those with enhanced properties and solutions to improve the seismic behaviour; (2) in‐plane static cyclic tests on a representative one‐storey, one‐bay RC frame with masonry infills with distinct typologies but similar to the ones tested in the RC building models.It was concluded that the typology of masonry walls influences the global behaviour of RC buildings, particularly when there is no connection between masonry infill and RC frame. An appropriate design is necessary to prevent an unforeseen failure mechanism due to shear stresses in the RC columns induced by the infill.The in‐plane cyclic tests showed that render plays a central role in the lateral strength and stiffness. Additionally, it was observed that bed joint reinforcement and reinforced render are important measures for controlling damage but do not significantly influence the in‐plane lateral strength and stiffness.
Complex refractive index of normal and malignant human colorectal tissue in the visible and near‐infrared
Authors: Giannios Panagiotis , Koutsoumpos Spyridon , Toutouzas Konstantinos G. , Matiatou Maria , Zografos George C. , Moutzouris Konstantinos 
Published: April 2016

A multi‐wavelength prism coupling refractometer is utilized to measure the angular reflectance of freshly excised human intestinal tissue specimens. Based on reflectance data, the real and imaginary part of the refractive index is calculated via Fresnel analysis for three visible (blue, green, red) and two near‐infrared (963 nm and 1551 nm) wavelengths. Averaged values of the complex refractive index and corresponding Cauchy dispersion fits are given for the mucosa, submucosa and serosa layers of the colorectal wall at the normal state. The refractive constants of tumorous and normal mucosa are then cross‐compared for the indicative cases of one patient diagnosed with a benign polyp and three patients diagnosed with adenocarcinomas of different phenotype. Significant index contrast exists between the normal and diseased states, indicating the potential use of refractive index as a marker of colorectal dysplasia.
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On the Number of k‐Dominating Independent Sets
Authors: Nagy Zoltán Lóránt 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe study the existence and the number of k‐dominating independent sets in certain graph families. While the case namely the case of maximal independent sets—which is originated from Erdős and Moser—is widely investigated, much less is known in general. In this paper we settle the question for trees and prove that the maximum number of k‐dominating independent sets in n‐vertex graphs is between and if , moreover the maximum number of 2‐dominating independent sets in n‐vertex graphs is between and . Graph constructions containing a large number of k‐dominating independent sets are coming from product graphs, complete bipartite graphs, and finite geometries. The product graph construction is associated with the number of certain Maximum Distance Separable (MDS) codes.
Variation in prevalence and patterns of peripherally inserted central catheter use in adults hospitalized with pneumonia
Authors: Chopra Vineet , Priya Aruna , Pekow Penelope S. , Thompson Rachel , Flanders Scott A. , Lindenauer Peter K. 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUNDAlthough peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are often used in adults hospitalized with pneumonia, patterns related to PICC use in this context are unknown.METHODSPremier's inpatient database was used to identify patients hospitalized with pneumonia between July 1, 2007 and November 30, 2011. PICC placement was identified via billing codes. Generalized estimating equations were used to identify factors associated with PICC placement. Hospital risk‐standardized rates of PICC insertion were estimated using hierarchical generalized linear models.RESULTSThere were 545,250 patients (median age: 71 years; range: 57–82 years) included. A total of 41,849 (7.7%) patients received a PICC during hospitalization (median receipt: hospital day 4). PICC recipients were younger (median age: 69 years), had higher levels of comorbidity (Gagne score median: 4 vs 2) and were more often diagnosed with healthcare‐associated pneumonia (43.1% vs 29.9%) than those who did not receive PICCs. The 3 patient variables most associated with PICC receipt included weight loss (odds ratio [OR]: 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.97‐2.10), sepsis on admission (OR: 1.80, 95%CI: 1.75‐1.85), and intensive care unit status on hospital day 1 or 2 (OR: 1.70, 95%CI: 1.64‐1.75). Compared to internal medicine, admission by geriatricians and critical care physicians was associated with PICC placement (OR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.62‐2.03 and OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.05‐1.24, respectively). Risk‐standardized rates of PICC utilization varied from 0.3% to 41.7%. Nearly 70% of the variability in PICC use could not be explained by available data.CONCLUSIONSIn adults hospitalized with pneumonia, PICC use appears directed towards those with severe illness and varies substantially between hospitals. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2016;11:568–575. © 2016 Society of Hospital Medicine
Association of hospital admission service structure with early transfer to critical care, hospital readmission, and length of stay
Authors: Smith G. Randy , Ma Madeleine , Hansen Luke O. , Christensen Nick , O'Leary Kevin J. 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUNDHospital medical groups use various staffing models that may systematically affect care continuity during the admission process.OBJECTIVETo compare the effect of 2 hospitalist admission service models (“general” and “admitter‐rounder”) on patient disposition and length of stay.DESIGNRetrospective observational cohort study with difference‐in‐difference analysis.SETTINGLarge tertiary academic medical center in the United States.PARTICIPANTSPatients (n = 19,270) admitted from the emergency department to hospital medicine and medicine teaching services from July 2010 to June 2013.INTERVENTIONSAdmissions to hospital medicine staffed by 2 different service models, compared to teaching service admissions.MEASUREMENTSIncidence of transfer to critical care within the first 24 hours of hospitalization, hospital and emergency department length of stay, and hospital readmission rates ≤30 days postdischarge.RESULTSThe change of hospitalist services to an admitter‐rounder model was associated with no significant change in transfer to critical care or hospital length of stay compared to the teaching service (difference‐in‐difference P = 0.32 and P = 0.87, respectively). The admitter‐rounder model was associated with decreased readmissions compared to the teaching service on difference‐in‐difference analysis (odds ratio difference: −0.21, P = 0.01). Adoption of the hospitalist admitter‐rounder model was associated with an increased emergency department length of stay compared to the teaching service (difference of +0.49 hours, P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSRates of transfer to intensive care and overall hospital length of stay between the hospitalist admission models did not differ significantly. The hospitalist admitter‐rounder admission service structure was associated with extended emergency department length of stay and a decrease in readmissions. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2016;11:669–674. © 2016 Society of Hospital Medicine
Writing Conferences in a Second Language Writing Classroom: Instructor and Student Perspectives
Authors: Maliborska Veronika , You Yunjung 
Published: April 2016

Teacher–student writing conferences are considered a valuable teaching method in composition courses, used mostly with the purpose of discussing students’ progress in their writing. This article presents an exploratory study on student and instructor expectations and perceptions of writing conferences in a semester‐long writing course for multilingual students. The sample consists of 100 students who were enrolled in this course and eight instructors who were teaching it. The course examined here was designed to offer one lecture and one writing conference per week to each student, resulting in two writing conferences for each of the five writing tasks. The factors examined are teacher preparation time and strategy, format (individual and group writing conferences), length, frequency, topics discussed, and overall satisfaction. The authors collected data through extensive surveys that included Likert‐type scales, item ranking, and open‐ended questions. The results show that the students and their instructors regarded individual conferences of 10 minutes to be more effective than longer group conferences; however, participants voiced weaknesses of both types of conferences. The results and implications inform writing instructors and administrators about possible uses of such a course design and potential improvements for the use of writing conferences in second language writing courses.
Single‐Port Surgery in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review of Current Evidence
Authors: de Groof E. Joline , Buskens Christianne J. , Bemelman Willem A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe majority of patients with Crohn’s disease and up to 35 % of patients with ulcerative colitis will ultimately require surgery during the course of their disease. Over the past few years, surgical techniques and experience in minimal invasive surgery have evolved resulting in single‐incision laparoscopic surgery. The aim of this approach is to diminish the surgical trauma by reducing the number of incision sites. This review discusses the benefits and disadvantages of single‐port surgery in various procedures in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Short‐term postoperative results, functional outcome, and costs available in the literature will be discussed. Single‐port surgery in IBD has several benefits when compared to multi‐port laparoscopic surgery. By using fewer incisions, a potential reduction of postoperative pain with less morphine use can be accomplished. In addition, accelerated postoperative recovery can result in a shorter hospital stay. Furthermore, a superior cosmesis can be reached with placement of the port at the future ostomy site or at the umbilicus. Literature on single‐port surgery in IBD consists mainly of case series and a few matched case series. These studies demonstrated that single‐port surgery seems to be a safe and feasible approach for the surgical treatment of IBD patients.