bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peptide Sequencing Directly on Solid Surfaces Using MALDI Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Zhao Zhan-Gong , Cordovez Lalaine Anne , Johnston Stephen Albert , Woodbury Neal 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThere are an increasing variety of applications in which peptides are both synthesized and used attached to solid surfaces. This has created a need for high throughput sequence analysis directly on surfaces. However, common sequencing approaches that can be adapted to surface bound peptides lack the throughput often needed in library-based applications. Here we describe a simple approach for sequence analysis directly on solid surfaces that is both high speed and high throughput, utilizing equipment available in most protein analysis facilities. In this approach, surface bound peptides, selectively labeled at their N-termini with a positive charge-bearing group, are subjected to controlled degradation in ammonia gas, resulting in a set of fragments differing by a single amino acid that remain spatially confined on the surface they were bound to. These fragments can then be analyzed by MALDI mass spectrometry, and the peptide sequences read directly from the resulting spectra.
Quantum Correlations and Coherence of Polar Symmetric Top Molecules in Pendular States
Authors: Zhang Zuo-Yuan , Liu Jin-Ming 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe consider two ultracold polar symmetric top molecules coupled by dipole-dipole interaction in an external electric field with appreciable intensity gradient, serving as the physical carrier of quantum information. Each molecule is induced to undergo pendular oscillations under the strong static electric field. Based on the pendular states of polar symmetric top molecules as candidate qubits, we investigate the bipartite quantum correlations of the two polar molecular system for the thermal equilibrium states, characterized by negativity and quantum discord, and then analyze the corresponding coherence, measured by relative entropy and l1 norm. Furthermore, we also examine the dynamics of the entanglement and coherence of the system in the presence of intrinsic decoherence, and explore the relations of their temporal evolution with various physical system parameters for two different initial Bell states. It is found that quantum correlations and coherence of the two polar molecules in pendular states can be manipulated by adjusting appropriate reduced variables including external electric field, dipole-dipole interaction, ambient temperature and decoherence factor. Our findings could be used for molecular quantum computing based on rotational states.
Musical pitch classes have rainbow hues in pitch class-color synesthesia
Authors: Itoh Kosuke , Sakata Honami , Kwee Ingrid L. , Nakada Tsutomu 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSynesthesia, an anomalous blending of senses in which stimulation of one sensory modality produces sensation in a different modality, provides a unique opportunity to study how multimodal information is represented in the human brain. We investigated how pitch classes (do, re, mi, etc.) are associated with the three dimensions of color (hue, saturation, and value/brightness) in 15 subjects who possessed “pitch class-color synesthesia”. Across-subject averaging of reported colors revealed that pitch classes have rainbow hues, beginning with do-red, re-yellow, and so forth, ending with si-violet, accompanied by a decrease in saturation. Enharmonic pitch classes that referred to the same pitch class with a different name produced color sensations according to the name of the base pitch class, e.g., a reddish color for do-sharp and a yellowish color for re-flat. Thus the main factor producing color sensations was the name, not the sound, of the note; behavioral experiments corroborated this interpretation. Pitch class-color synesthesia represents a newly described type of synesthesia that is distinct from the well-known crossmodal association between pitch height and value/brightness. Findings suggest that the two dimensions of musical pitch, pitch class and pitch height, are mapped to the hue-saturation plane and the value/brightness dimension of color, respectively.
Deep-learning-based ghost imaging
Authors: Lyu Meng , Wang Wei , Wang Hao , Wang Haichao , Li Guowei , Chen Ni , Situ Guohai 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn this manuscript, we propose a novel framework of computational ghost imaging, i.e., ghost imaging using deep learning (GIDL). With a set of images reconstructed using traditional GI and the corresponding ground-truth counterparts, a deep neural network was trained so that it can learn the sensing model and increase the quality image reconstruction. Moreover, detailed comparisons between the image reconstructed using deep learning and compressive sensing shows that the proposed GIDL has a much better performance in extremely low sampling rate. Numerical simulations and optical experiments were carried out for the demonstration of the proposed GIDL.
Simple 3,4-Dihydroxy-L-Phenylalanine Surface Modification Enhances Titanium Implant Osseointegration in Ovariectomized Rats
Authors: Ma Ting , Ge Xi-Yuan , Hao Ke-Yi , Zhang Bi-Ru , Jiang Xi , Lin Ye , Zhang Yu 
Published: December 2017

AbstractOsteoporosis presents a challenge to the long-term success of osseointegration of endosseous implants. The bio-inspired 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (Dopa) coating is widely used as a basic layer to bind osteogenetic molecules that may improve osseointegration. To date, little attention has focused on application of Dopa alone or binding inhibitors of bone resorption in osteoporosis. Local use of a bisphosphonate such as zoledronic acid (ZA), an inhibitor of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, has been proven to improve implant osseointegration. In this study, ovariectomized rats were divided into four groups and implanted with implants with different surface modifications: sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA), SLA modified with Dopa (SLA-Dopa), SLA modified with ZA (SLA-ZA), and SLA modified with Dopa and ZA (SLA-Dopa + ZA). Measurement of removal torque, micro-computed tomography and histology revealed a greater extent of bone formation around the three surface-modified implants than SLA-controls. No synergistic effect was observed for combined Dopa + ZA coating. Microarray analysis showed the Dopa coating inhibited expression of genes associated with osteoclast differentiation, similarly to the mechanism of action of ZA. Simple Dopa modification resulted in a similar improvement in osseointegration compared to ZA. Thus, our data suggest simple Dopa coating is promising strategy to promote osseointegration of implants in patients with osteoporosis.
Single-Particle Discrimination of Retroviruses from Extracellular Vesicles by Nanoscale Flow Cytometry
Authors: Tang Vera A. , Renner Tyler M. , Fritzsche Anna K. , Burger Dylan , Langlois Marc-André 
Published: December 2017

AbstractRetroviruses and small EVs overlap in size, buoyant densities, refractive indices and share many cell-derived surface markers making them virtually indistinguishable by standard biochemical methods. This poses a significant challenge when purifying retroviruses for downstream analyses or for phenotypic characterization studies of markers on individual virions given that EVs are a major contaminant of retroviral preparations. Nanoscale flow cytometry (NFC), also called flow virometry, is an adaptation of flow cytometry technology for the analysis of individual nanoparticles such as extracellular vesicles (EVs) and retroviruses. In this study we systematically optimized NFC parameters for the detection of retroviral particles in the range of 115–130 nm, including viral production, sample labeling, laser power and voltage settings. By using the retroviral envelope glycoprotein as a selection marker, and evaluating a number of fluorescent dyes and labeling methods, we demonstrate that it is possible to confidently distinguish retroviruses from small EVs by NFC. Our findings make it now possible to individually phenotype genetically modified retroviral particles that express a fluorescent envelope glycoprotein without removing EV contaminants from the sample.
The impact of elevated C-reactive protein level on the prognosis for oro-hypopharynx cancer patients treated with radiotherapy
Authors: Katano Atsuto , Takahashi Wataru , Yamashita Hideomi , Yamamoto Kentaro , Ando Mizuo , Yoshida Masafumi , Saito Yuki , Abe Osamu , Nakagawa Keiichi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate an association between the prognosis for oro-hypopharynx squamous cell carcinoma treated with radiation therapy and the pre-therapeutic level of C-reactive protein (CRP). Patient with oro-hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent definitive radiotherapy in our institution from January 2002 to August 2016 were enrolled. The patient were divided into elevated CRP (over 0.3 mg/dl) group and normal CRP groups, according to pre-treatment serum levels. There were 276 evaluable patients, and the median follow up was 41 months, ranging from 2 to 171 months. The 3-year OS and CSS for all enrolled patients were 67.0% and 72.8%, respectively. The OS and CSS rates were significantly worse in the elevated CRP group than in the normal CRP group, according to Kaplan-Meier survival curves analysed by a Log-rank test (p = 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively). Multivariate analyses indicated that serum CRP levels remained independent predictors for both OS (HR: 1.588, p = 0.022) and CSS (HR: 1.989, p = 0.005). The pre-treatment CRP level is an independent predictor of treatment prognosis in patients with oro-hypopharyngeal cancer who underwent definitive radiotherapy. Especially, it is curious that an elevated CRP serum level is a significant predictor of loco-regional recurrence.
Nanoconfined water can orient and cause long-range dipolar interactions with biomolecules
Authors: Hegemann Dirk , Hocquard Nicolas , Heuberger Manfred 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSurface properties are generally determined by the top most surface layer also defining how molecules adsorb onto it. By exploring effects due to interactions with deeper subsurface layers, however, long-range interaction forces were found to also significantly contribute to molecular adsorption, in which hydration of the subsurface region is the key factor. Water molecules confined to a subsurface amphiphilic gradient are confirmed to cause these long-range dipolar interactions by preferential orientation, thus significantly changing the way how a protein interacts with the surface. These findings imply future exploitation of an additional factor to modulate adsorption processes.
0.00035 mm2 on‐chip leakage sensing unit for various devices in 10 nm FinFET process
Authors: Oh G.‐G. , Lee Y.‐W. , Lee B. 
Published: December 2017

An efficient on‐chip leakage sensing unit is proposed, which is composed of four stages. Device under test (DUT) arrays include 16 types of transistors for leakage measurement. Threshold detector monitors the crossing point of inverter threshold causing the transition. Transition time is inversely proportional to the leakage current of the selected DUT. This time information of threshold detector is converted to voltage manner through the time‐to‐voltage converter with the diode stacked voltage generator. The generated voltage is transferred to voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) for frequency conversion which is the final output of leakage sensor. The proposed sensor provides leakage information of the various types of devices by using the same sub‐circuit within on‐chip. The prototype sensor occupies 0.00035 mm2 area and consumes 1200 μW with eight DUT arrays within a chip. Experimental results show the well‐correlated frequency output with device leakage current.
Far-infrared photometry of OJ 287 with the Herschel Space Observatory
Authors: Kidger Mark , Zola Staszek , Valtonen Mauri , Lähteenmäki Anne , Järvelä Emilia , Tornikoski Merja , Tammi Joni , Liakos Alexis , Poyner Gary 
Published: December 2017

Context. The blazar OJ 287 has shown a ≈12 year quasi-periodicity over more than a century, in addition to the common properties of violent variability in all frequency ranges. It is the strongest known candidate to have a binary singularity in its central engine.
Aim. We aim to better understand the different emission components by searching for correlated variability in the flux over four decades of frequency measurements.
Methods. We combined data at frequencies from the millimetric to the visible to characterise the multifrequency light curve in April and May 2010. This includes the only photometric observations of OJ 287 made with the Herschel Space Observatory: five epochs of data obtained over 33 days at 250, 350, and 500 μm with Herschel-SPIRE.
Results. Although we find that the variability at 37 GHz on timescales of a few weeks correlates with the visible to near-IR spectral energy distribution, there is a small degree of reddening in the continuum at lower flux levels that is revealed by the decreasing rate of decline in the light curve at lower frequencies. However, we see no clear evidence that a rapid flare detected in the light curve during our monitoring in the visible to near-IR light curve is seen either in the Herschel data or at 37 GHz, suggesting a low-frequency cut-off in the spectrum of such flares.
Conclusions.We see only marginal evidence of variability in the observations with Herschel over a month, although this may be principally due to the poor sampling. The spectral energy distribution between 37 GHz and the visible can be characterised by two components of approximately constant spectral index: a visible to far-IR component of spectral index α = −0.95, and a far-IR to millimetric spectral index of α = −0.43. There is no evidence of an excess of emission that would be consistent with the 60 μmdust bump found in many active galactic nuclei.
Evaluation klinikinterner Suizidrisikostufen für den stationären Bereich: Validitäts- und Reliabilitätsprüfung
Authors: Macagnino Sandro , Steinert Tilman , Uhlmann Carmen 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Untersuchung klinikinterner Suizidrisikostufen hinsichtlich ihrer Validität und Reliabilität.
Methodik Evaluationsstudie mit 163 Patienten. Prüfung der Interraterreliabilität sowie der inneren Kriteriumsvalidität und der Konstruktvalidität.
Ergebnisse Es konnte eine gute Interraterreliabilität und Validität der Suizidrisikostufen festgestellt werden, störungsspezifische Subgruppen zeigten deutliche Unterschiede.
Schlussfolgerung Die klinikinternen Suizidrisikostufen könnten aufgrund ihrer guten Validität und Reliabilität einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Beurteilung von Suizidalität bei stationär-psychiatrischen Patienten leisten.
Viktimisierung im Erwachsenenalter von Personen mit Psychiatrieerfahrung
Authors: Krumm Silvia , Checchia Carmen , Kilian Reinhold , Becker Thomas 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Eine psychische Erkrankung erhöht das Risiko einer Viktimisierung im Erwachsenenalter. Das Thema wird in der psychiatrischen Versorgung und Forschung in Deutschland allerdings kaum thematisiert bzw. untersucht.
Methode Systematische Literaturübersicht zu Prävalenzen von Viktimisierung im Erwachsenenalter. Vorstellung und Einordnung von Risikofaktoren in theoretische Konzepte sowie von Befunden zu Offenlegung.
Ergebnisse Internationale Befunde belegen übereinstimmend ein hohes Viktimisierungsrisiko im Vergleich zur Allgemeinbevölkerung. Zentrale Risikofaktoren sind Psychopathologie, Alkohol- bzw. Substanzkonsum, eigene Gewalttätigkeit, frühere Gewalterfahrungen und soziale Faktoren. Gewalterfahrungen werden unzureichend offengelegt.
Diskussion Präventive und interventive Maßnahmen müssen auf individueller, versorgungsbezogener und gesellschaftlicher Ebene ansetzen. Forschungsbedarf besteht hinsichtlich repräsentativer Prävalenzdaten für Deutschland, der Offenlegung und des professionellen Umgangs mit Gewalterfahrungen, hinsichtlich situativer und interaktiver Gewaltdynamik sowie der Bedeutung soziokultureller Gewaltnormen.
Das Management von Patienten mit Peniskarzinom – Neue Aspekte in der Therapie einer seltenen Tumorentität
Authors: Roiner M. , Maurer O. , Lebentrau S. , Gilfrich C. , Schäfer C. , Haberl C. , Brookman-May S. , Burger M. , May M. , Hakenberg O. 
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungEinige Prinzipien der primären Therapie des Peniskarzinoms haben sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten grundlegend verändert: Galt aufgrund der Aggressivität des Tumors bei der Penisteilamputation vor 15 Jahren noch ein tumorfreier Sicherheitsabstand von 2 cm als obligat, so gilt heute, dass weitgehender Organerhalt Priorität hat und minimale tumorfreie Schnittränder ausreichend sind. Es besteht somit der Grundsatz: So viel Organerhalt wie möglich, so viel Radikalität wie nötig. Auch hat sich zunehmend die Erkenntnis durchgesetzt, dass Patienten mit begrenzter regionär-lymphogener Metastasierung heilbar sein können, allerdings nur bei Durchführung einer multimodalen Therapie bestehend aus einer radikalen inguinalen Lymphadenektomie und nachfolgenden adjuvanten Chemotherapie. Bei Patienten mit fixierten inguinalen Lymphknotenmetastasen konnte hingegen die neoadjuvante Chemotherapie etabliert werden. Trotz der verbesserten Therapieoptionen bleiben die funktionellen und onkologischen Ergebnisse bei der Behandlung des Peniskarzinoms vielfach enttäuschend. Die Möglichkeiten des Organerhalts mittels rekonstruktiver operativer Techniken verbessern zwar die Lebensqualität der Langzeitüberlebenden erheblich, doch weniger als 25 % der Patienten mit Lymphknotenmetastasierung überleben ihre Tumorerkrankung. Von großer Bedeutung ist die chirurgische Lymphknotendiagnostik bei klinisch unauffälligen Lymphknoten ab dem Tumorstadium T1b, da hier eine okkulte Mikrometastasierung in bis zu 25 % der Fälle vorliegen kann. Die minimal-invasive Sentinel-Lymphknoten-Biopsie ist ein durchaus sinnvoller Weg, diese Patienten zu diagnostizieren, ohne gleich die Morbidität einer primär radikalen Lymphadenektomie hervorzurufen. Ein zunehmendes Verständnis der zugrundeliegenden Tumorbiologie, insbesondere Erkenntnisse zum Humanen-Papillomavirus- und Epidermal-Growth-Factor-Receptor-Status, brachten zuletzt erfolgversprechende klinische Studien auf den Weg; zudem wird gegenwärtig die gezielte Immuntherapie mittels Immun-Checkpoint-Inhibitoren bei therapierefraktärem Peniskarzinom geprüft.In diesem Review werden die aktuellen Aspekte des therapeutischen Managements von Peniskarzinom-Patienten zusammengefasst.
A double-reprocessing high-level disinfection protocol does not eliminate positive cultures from the elevators of duodenoscopes
Authors: Rex Douglas , Sieber Marnie , Lehman Glen , Webb Douglas , Schmitt Bryan , Kressel Amy , Bang Ji , Easler Jeffery , McHenry Lee , El-Hajj Ihab , Fogel Evan , Watkins James , Sherman Stuart 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Background and study aim Duodenoscopes have been the source of serious infection, despite correct performance of high-level disinfection (HLD). This study aimed to observe the impact of performing HLD twice on the rate of positive cultures from duodenoscope elevators.
Methods We performed double HLD (DHLD; i. e. complete manual cleaning followed by automated reprocessing, with the entire process repeated) and then randomly cultured the elevators of our duodenoscopes on about 30 % of occasions.
Results DHLD was associated with positive elevator cultures for any microorganism in 9.4 % of cases, with a 0.8 % rate of known pathogens (627 cultures) between May 2015 and February 2016. After February 2016, and in association with changing the precleaning fluid, as well as use of a new FDA-recommended cleaning brush, the rate of positive cultures for any microorganism after DHLD was 4.8 % and 0.2 % for known pathogens (420 cultures). In a third phase, characterized by a change in personnel performing DHLD and retirement of a duodenoscope with a high rate of positive cultures, the rate of positive cultures for any microorganism was 4.9 % (783 cultures) and the rate of positive culture for known pathogens was 0.3 %. To our knowledge, no duodenoscope transmission of infection occurred during the study interval.
Conclusions DHLD resulted in a low rate of positive cultures for known pathogens and for organisms of low pathogenic potential, but did not eliminate these, from duodenoscope elevators. Additional improvements in HLD protocols and/or duodenoscope design are needed.
Piperacillin/Tazobactam-Lieferengpass: Zentrale Restriktion und Alternativempfehlungen als effektive Antibiotic-Stewardship-Maßnahme an einem Klinikum der Maximalversorgung
Authors: Kessel Johanna , Dolff Barbara , Wichelhaus Thomas , Keiner Nils , Hogardt Michael , Reinheimer Claudia , Wieters Imke , Harder Sebastian , Kempf Volkhard , Stephan Christoph ,   für das Antibiotic-Stewardship-Team (UKF)
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Arzneimittel-Lieferengpässe stellen ein zunehmendes Problem dar, wie z. B. im Fall des Breitspektrum-Antibiotikums Piperacillin/Tazobactam (PIP/TAZ) in 2016/2017. Die Effektivität eines aktiven Ausfallmanagements am Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt (UKF) soll bewertet werden.
Methode Das Antibiotic-Stewardship (ABS) -Team des UKF beschloss klinikumsweit den restriktiven Einsatz von PIP/TAZ und empfahl alternative Antibiotikatherapien im Zeitraum des Lieferengpasses. Die Konsequenzen dieser Intervention auf Antibiotikaeinsatz und Kosten wurden retrospektiv untersucht.
Ergebnisse Über 12 Wochen wurde der Verbrauch von PIP/TAZ um durchschnittlich 71 % reduziert. Im Interventionszeitraum wurde PIP/TAZ vorwiegend zur Behandlung nosokomialer Pneumonien (62 %) und Fieber in der Neutropenie bei Kindern (12 %) eingesetzt, andere Indikationen lagen bei jeweils < 10 %. Der Verbrauch der Alternativsubstanzen stieg prozentual an (Ceftazidim + 229 %, Imipenem/Cilastatin + 18 %, Meropenem + 27 %, Ceftriaxon + 26 %, Levofloxacin + 11 %, Ciprofloxacin + 14 %, Ampicillin/Sulbactam + 83 %), insgesamt sank der Antibiotikaverbrauch jedoch um 5,8 % (Kostenersparnis: 13 %), bei moderat ansteigenden Personalkosten (+ 4300,- €). Die Rate nachgewiesener Blutstrominfektionen mit resistenten Bakterien und Clostridium difficile-Toxinnachweise im Stuhl waren nicht signifikant erhöht, verglichen mit Zeiträumen direkt vor und nach Intervention sowie ein Jahr zuvor.
Schlussfolgerung Lieferengpässe untergraben die Ziele des Antibiotic-Stewardship durch erzwungenen Einsatz von Breitspektrum-Antibiotika, bedrohen potenziell die Patientensicherheit und erfordern ein Ausfallmanagement nach mikrobiologisch-infektiologisch sinnvollen Kriterien. Bei moderat erhöhtem Personalaufwand können Antibiotic-Stewardship-Maßnahmen erfolgreich beitragen, Mehrkosten für Arzneimittel zu vermeiden.
Why Should I Believe Your Applied Economics?
Authors: Swinton Scott M 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn an era of rising skepticism about science, this article explores what agricultural and applied economists can do to advance knowledge. If knowledge is what is believed by the preponderance of a community, then the key to advancing knowledge is to build substantive arguments—ones that are persuasive. To evaluate the substantiveness of an argument, this article develops a framework based on validity, topic, and audience. Applying that framework to two highly‐cited articles, this article concludes that validity is a necessary condition for a substantive argument, but relevance (of topic to audience) is the sufficient condition. Applied economists are well‐positioned to build compelling, objective arguments by fitting appropriate theory and methods to relevant, important topics.