bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluasi Dan Modifikasi Proses Pemisahan Dan Pemurnian Etanol Hasil Fermentasi
Authors: Widayat Widayat , Sitompul J. P. , Soerawidjaja T. H. 
Published: June 2017

Evaluasi dan modifikasi proses merupakan salah satu usaha untuk penghematan energy, yang dapat dilakukan untuk teknologi pinch. Evaluasi proses dilakukan terhadao tiga buah konfigurasi proses. Setiap konfigurasi proses terbentuk dari penggabungan proses Danish Distilleries dengan tiga buah sistem tiga kolom pemisahan etanol 95%. Konfigurasi proses 1 merupakanpenggabunagn proses Danish Distilleries dengan sistem pemisahan Othmer, penggabungan proses Danish Distilleris dengan proses Barbet sebagai konfigurasi proses 2 dan penggabungan proses Danish Distilleris dengan sistem pemisahan pada tekanan vakum sebagai proses 3. Kapasitas produksi etanol 95% ditetapkan 4x107 liter/tahun.hasil evaluasi proses menunjukkan kebutuhan kukus minimum/terkecil dicapai oleh proses 2, kemudian proses 1 dan proses 3, masing-masing mengonsumsi 3,23; 4,11; 4,79 kgkukus 3 atm/liter etanol. Evaluasi lebih lanjut dengan, ∆Tmin = 10 0C, peningkatan efisiensi energy diperoleh pada konfigurasi proses 1 sebesar 2,11% ( jika evaluasi melibatkan reboiler kolom pelucutan dan reboiler kolom pelucutan asetaldehid) dan 2,02% (jika tidak melibatkan) dan konfigurasi proses 2 ( jika evaluasi tidak melibatkan reboiler kolom pelucutan dan reboiler kolom pelucutan asetaldehid) dan 3 terjadi penurunan efisiensi energy. Kata kunci : evaluasi, modifikasi proses, teknologi pinch
Pemekatan gliserol dengan reserve osmosis
Authors: Widiasa I. N. , Wisjnuprapto Wisjnuprapto , Wenten I. G. 
Published: June 2017

Pemisahan enzim dan pemekatan produk masih menjadi kendala utama dalam aplikasi proses hidrolisis minyak/lemak secara enzimatis untuk skala industry. Dalam makalah ini akan dipaparkan kemungkinan proses reserve osmosis tekanan rendah untuk roses pemekatan larutan gliserol. Tiga tipe membrane reserve osmosis yang tersedia di pasaran dari Millipore, yakni R-15A (poliamida), R-25A (poliamida), dan R-45P (polisulfon tersulfonasi), telah digunakan. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa fluks permeat meningkat secara linear terhadap tekanan operasi. Selain itu, tekanan operasi juga meningkatkan selektivitas umpan. Secara umum, membrane R-15A memberikan selektivitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan membrane R-25A dan membrane R-45P, tetapi memberikan fluks yang lebih rendah. Untuk umpan dengan konsentrasi gliserol kurang dari 60.000 ppm, membrane R-25A lebih direkomendasikan karena memberikan fluks lebih dari 40% fluks air murni dan rejeksi masih di atas 85%. Prningkatan nilai Cm dan k terhadap kenaikan operasi menunjukkan bahwa kondisi percobaan masih di daerah kendali tekanan. Kata kunci : hidrolisis minyak, pemekatan gliserol, reserve osmosis
Counter-Elites Swimming Up-Stream: The Challenge of Pursuing a Political Rights Agenda where Economic Rights Trump
Authors: Grodsky Brian Keith 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The most recent spate of ‘democratic revolutions’, ushering in the fourth wave of democratization, seems to lend support to those advocating for the primacy of political and civil rights, over economic, cultural and social ones, in the human rights framework. In this article, I challenge that idea, arguing instead that the most recent regime changes, like so many that have preceded them, were, if anything, more about economic rights than political ones. I reassess not only the most recent ‘revolutions’, but also those that took place over the course of the 20th century, showing commonalities among the human rights goals of communists, anti-communists and contemporary pro-democracy leaders. By framing these various revolutionaries as human rights agents, and mass publics as their allies, this article is designed to engage readers in a debate about what, if any, sorts of rights truly hold primacy. The difference between today’s pro-democracy leaders and yesterday’s communist ones rests on the perceived international legitimacy of the democratic template. Yet all of these leaders, I argue, have essentially struggled for political change not as an end, but as a means to improved economic rights.
The History of Human Rights: The Big Bang of an Emerging Field or Flash in the Pan?
Authors: Ballinger Pamela 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This article explores the emerging historiography of human rights. After reviewing the current emphasis in the literature on the origins of human rights, the essay inquires into possible futures of this nascent historical field. What might scholarly interest in more unified frames of knowledge that bridge the natural and the cultural realms mean for future historiographies of human rights?
The Knowledge Frame System based on Principles of Topological Functioning Model
Authors: Nazaruks Vladislavs 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Understanding of domain phenomena and their interrelations is necessary for successful software development. The knowledge frame system based on principles of Topological Functioning Modelling (TFM) can be used for this purpose at the Computation Independent level within Model Driven Development. Research on knowledge formats showed that inferring in the closed world paradigm and similarity to the object-oriented paradigm made frames an attractive candidate to the knowledge representation format. Frames can hold information necessary for generation of the TFM. The knowledge system based on the principles of the TFM does not allow inferring ambiguous facts and leads to the more complete discovery of knowledge.
The influence of geometric imperfections on the stability of three-layer beams with foam core
Authors: Wstawska Iwona 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The main objective of this work is the numerical analysis (FE analysis) of stability of three-layer beams with metal foam core (alumina foam core). The beams were subjected to pure bending. The analysis of the local buckling was performed. Furthermore, the influence of geometric parameters of the beam and material properties of the core (linear and non-linear model) on critical loads values and buckling shape were also investigated. The calculations were made on a family of beams with different mechanical properties of the core (elastic and elastic-plastic material). In addition, the influence of geometric imperfections on deflection and normal stress values of the core and the faces has been evaluated.
The influence of atmospheric circulation on bioclimatic conditions in Lublin (Poland)
Authors: Bartoszek Krzysztof , Wereski Sylwester , Krzyżewska Agnieszka , Dobek Mateusz 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This study evaluates the relationship between atmospheric circulation conditions and the frequency of heat/cold stress in Lublin in the years 1951-2010 according to the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI). The paper outlines the frequency and conditional probability of heat/cold stress during particular circulation types and analyses the circulation patterns that induce these incidences. Increased wind velocity had a significant effect on creating unfavourable bioclimatic conditions in winter. Meanwhile, in summer, heat stress was observed almost exclusively when a high pressure system from eastern Europe induced a slow inflow of very warm air masses from the east or south.
An algorithm for a new method of change-point analysis in the independent Poisson sequence
Authors: Hirotsu Chihiro , Tsuruta Harukazu 
Published: June 2017

Summary
Step change-point and slope change-point models in the independent Poisson sequence are developed based on accumulated and doubly-accumulated statistics. The method for the step change-point model developed in Section 2 is an alternative to the likelihood ratio test of Worsley (1986) and the algorithm for p-value calculation based on the first-order Markov property is the same as that given there. Different algorithms for the non-null distribution and inference on the change-point itself are, however, newly developed and a Pascal program is given in the Appendix. These methods are extended to the slope change-point model in Section 3. The approach is essentially the same as that of Section 2 but the algorithm is now based on the second-order Markov property and becomes a little more complicated. The Pascal program related to the slope change-point model is supported on the website, URL: https://corec.meisei-u.ac.jp/labs/hirotsu/.
A conditional linear Gaussian network to assess the impact of several agronomic settings on the quality of Tuscan Sangiovese grapes
Authors: Magrini Alessandro , Di Blasi Stefano , Stefanini Federico Mattia 
Published: June 2017

Summary
In this paper, a Conditional Linear Gaussian Network (CLGN) model is built for a two-year experiment on Tuscan Sangiovese grapes involving canopy management techniques (number of buds, defoliation and bunch thinning) and harvest time (technological and late harvest). We found that the impact of the considered treatments on the color of wine can be predicted still in the vegetative season of the grapevine; the best treatments to obtain wines with good structure are those with a low number of buds; the best treatments to obtain fresh wines suitable for young consumers are those with technological rather than late harvest, preferably with a high number of buds, and anyway with both defoliation and bunch thinning not performed.
Identification of Mandarin coarticulated tones by inexperienced and experienced English learners of Mandarin
Authors: He Yunjuan , Wayland Ratree 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTwo groups of native English speakers, relatively inexperienced (N = 14) with 3 months of Mandarin study and relatively more experienced (N = 14) with 12 months of study, were asked to identify coarticulated Mandarin lexical tones in disyllabic words. The results show that 1) the experienced learners were better at identifying Mandarin tones than the inexperienced learners, 2) Tones in coarticulation were more difficult to identify than tones in isolation, 3) tonal context and syllable position affected tonal perception, and 4) experienced learners committed fewer tonal direction errors than inexperienced learners. However, experienced learners still made a considerable amount of tonal height errors.
Kult, Konflikt und Konversion
Authors: Felcht Frederike 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Torgrim Eggen’s Hilal (1995) is an early example of literature on the
subject of Islam in Norway in its global contexts. As a romantic love story
with elements of an action thriller and science fiction in form of future
technological inventions, the novel combines an intense reading experience
with thought provoking reflections on the role of religion and religious
conflicts in secular societies.
Based on Almuth Hammer’s ideas on the relationship between religion and
literature as well as Jan Assmann’s theses on functions of oral and written
language in religions, my essay analyzes the representation of Islam in
Hilal and shows parallels between the structure of love and faith in the
novel.
Noras Weihnachtsbaum. Säkularisierung als Forschungsfrage an den Modernen
Durchbruch
Authors: Schiedermair Joachim 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The article reexamines the topic of religion in Henrik Ibsen’s play Et
dukkehjem, inspired by Annegret Heitmann’s research concerning the Modern
Breakthrough and her reassessment of the term, which leaves Georg Brandes’
dialectic definition behind and makes space for the ambivalences that come
along with the significant societal changes of the 19
Adverse eff ects of polymeric nanoparticle poly(ethylene glycol)- block-polylactide methyl ether (PEG-b-PLA) on steroid hormone secretion by porcine granulosa cells
Authors: Scsukova Sona , Bujnakova Mlynarcikova A. , Kiss A. , Rollerova E. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Objectives. Development of nanoparticles (NPs) for biomedical applications, including medical imaging and drug delivery, is currently undergoing a dramatic expansion. Diverse effects of different type NPs relating to mammalian reproductive tissues have been demonstrated. Th e objective of this study was to explore the in vitro effects of polymeric nanoparticle poly(ethylene glycol)-blockpolylactide methyl ether (PEG-b-PLA NPs) on functional state and viability of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs), which play an important role in maintaining ovarian function and female fertility.
Methods. The GCs isolated from porcine ovarian follicles were incubated with the different concentrations of PEG-b-PLA NPs (PEG average Mn=350 g/mol and PLA average Mn=1000 g/mol; 0.2-100 μg/ml) or poly(ethylene glycol) with an average molecular weight of 300 (PEG-300; 0.2- 40 mg/ml) in the presence or absence of stimulators, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH; 1 μg/ml), androstenedione (100 nM), forskolin (10 μM) or 8Br-cAMP (100 μM), for different time periods (24, 48, 72 h). At the end of the incubation, progesterone and estradiol levels produced by GCs were measured in the culture media by radioimmunoassay. Th e viability of GCs was determined by the method using a colorimetric assay with MTT.
Results. Treatment of GCs with PEG-b-PLA NPs induced a significant decrease in basal as well as FSH-stimulated progesterone secretion above the concentration of 20 and 4 μg/ml, respectively. Moreover, PEG-b-PLA NPs reduced forskolin-stimulated, but not cAMP-stimulated progesterone production by GCs. A dose-dependent inhibition of androstenedione-stimulated estradiol release by GCs was found by the action of PEG-b-PLA NPs. Incubation of GCs with PEG-300 significantly inhibited basal as well as FSH-stimulated progesterone secretion above the concentration of 40 mg/ml. PEG-b-PLA NPs and PEG-300 significantly reduced the viability of GCs at the highest tested concentrations (100 μg/ml and 40 mg/ml, respectively).
Conclusions. The obtained results indicate that polymeric NPs PEG-b-PLA might induce alterations in steroid hormone production by ovarian GCs and thereby could modify reproductive functions.
“Bands of Brothers”: Warfare and Fraternity in Early Rome
Authors: Armstrong Jeremy 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFamily bonds, and particularly fraternal relationships, play key roles in many of the narratives relating to Rome’s Regal and early Republican periods. In particular, the literary sources for these periods are full of references to brothers standing side by side, fighting for, and in many ways embodying (sometimes quite literally), the various social and political entities which were struggling for supremacy in archaic Latium. The present study will endeavour to tease out some of the nuances of this bond and explain how the concept of brotherhood in early Roman narratives seems to differ from that presented in accounts relating to the late Republic. It will accomplish this using four case studies in early Roman brotherhood—Romulus and Remus, the Dioscuri, the Battle of the Champions, and the archaic
A Wheelchair Control System Using Human-Machine Interaction: Single-Modal and Multimodal Approaches
Authors: Shahin Mohamed K. , Tharwat Alaa , Gaber Tarek , Hassanien Aboul Ella 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Recent research studies showed that brain-controlled systems/devices are breakthrough technology. Such devices can provide disabled people with the power to control the movement of the wheelchair using different signals (e.g. EEG signals, head movements, and facial expressions). With this technology, disabled people can remotely steer a wheelchair, a computer, or a tablet. This paper introduces a simple, low-cost human-machine interface system to help chaired people to control their wheelchair using several control sources. To achieve this paper’s aim, a laptop was installed on a wheelchair in front of the sitting person, and the 14-electrode Emotiv EPOC headset was used to collect the person’s head impressions from the skull surface. The superficially picked-up signals, containing the brain thoughts, head gestures, and facial emotions, were electrically encoded and then wirelessly sent to a personal computer to be interpreted and then translated into useful control instructions. Using these signals, two wheelchair control modes were proposed: automatic (using single-modal and multimodal approaches) and manual control. The automatic mode controller was accomplished using a software controller (Arduino), whereas a simple hardware controller was used for the manual mode. The proposed solution was designed using wheelchair, Emotiv EPOC EEG headset, Arduino microcontroller, and Processing language. It was then tested by totally chaired volunteers under different levels of trajectories. The results showed that the person’s thoughts can be used to seamlessly control his/her wheelchair and the proposed system can be configured to suit many levels and degrees of disability.
Serological survey of the influenza A virus in Polish farrow-to-finish pig herds in 2011–2015
Authors: Czyżewska-Dors Ewelina , Dors Arkadiusz , Kwit Krzysztof , Pejsak Zygmunt , Pomorska-Mól Małgorzata 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIntroduction:The aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of swine influenza A virus (SIV) in Polish farrow-to-finish pig herds.Material and Methods:Serum samples collected from 5,952 pigs, from 145 farrow-to-finish herds were tested for the presence of antibodies against H1N1, H1N1pdm09, H1N2, and H3N2 SIV subtypes using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. Samples with HI titres equal or higher than 20 were considered positive.Results:HI antibodies to at least one of the analysed SIV subtypes were detected in 129 (89%) herds and in 2,263 (38%) serum samples. Antibodies to multiple SIV subtypes were detected in 104 (71.7%) herds and in 996 (16.7%) serum samples. Concerning the seroprevalence rate, according to age category, the highest prevalence of the antibodies was detected in weaners, with regard to the H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2, and in sows, with regard to the H1N1pdm09. The lowest seroprevalence for all evaluated SIV subtypes was detected in finishers.Conclusion:The study indicates that antibodies against single and multiple SIV subtypes are circulating in Polish farrow-to-finish herds and highlights the importance of conducting a molecular surveillance programme in future studies.
Dogs’ gastrointestinal parasites and their association with public health in Iran
Authors: Kohansal Mohammad Hasan , Fazaeli Asghar , Nourian Abbasali , Haniloo Ali , Kamali Koorosh 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Introduction: Dogs harbour zoonotic parasites that cause serious infections in humans, such as visceral larva migrans, ocular larva migrans, cystic echinococcosis, and alveolar echinococcosis. Studies on dogs’ gastrointestinal parasites in different geographical locations are required to increase knowledge of the risk of canine zoonoses in human populations.

Material and Methods: The presence of parasites was examined in 450 faecal samples collected from eight zones of Zanjan province, northwest Iran from June to November 2015. The samples were examined using the sedimentation concentration method and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining.

Results: Gastrointestinal parasites were found in 86 (19.1%) faecal samples. Sarcocystis spp. (7.3%), Taenia/Echinococcus spp. (5.6%), Toxocara spp. (1.8%), and Cystoisospora spp. (1.6%) were the most common parasites observed. The other detected parasites consisted of Dicrocoelium dendriticum (0.7%), Eimeria spp. (0.7%), Cryptosporidium spp. (0.4%), Physaloptera spp. (0.4%), Giardia spp. (1.3%), and Spirocerca lupi (1.3%). The lowest parasite infection rates belonged to Trichuris vulpis and Acanthocephalans (0.2% each).

Conclusion: This study provides current information on the infection rates in dog populations in Zanjan Province. Furthermore, the study shows a high prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infections, including zoonotic ones and particularly Taenia/Echinococcus spp., potentially transmissible to humans and thus relevant to public health.
Strength Analysis of a Steel Structure of Weights Boxes by Means of Simulation Computations
Authors: Blatnický Miroslav , Dižo Ján , Steišūnas Stasys 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In this article the strength analyses of weights boxes are presented. Boxes are designed as a welded steel structure at which weights with total mass almost ten tons are stored in them. These boxes are an integral part of a mechanism intended for calibration of the mass measurement device. The article contains on one hand the basic scope of the theory of elasticity and strength analysis and on the other hand the numerical computations of the structure by using the Finite Element Method. Based on results the structure of weights boxes was modified in order to satisfy the defined safety factor.
Effect of sources of sweetpotato planting material for quality vine and root yield
Authors: Abidin Putri E. , Akansake Daniel A. , Asare Kwabena B. , Acheremu Kwabena , Carey Edward E. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Commercialization of sweetpotato vines is persistent if multipliers show evidence of superiority of their vines. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of net tunnel source and of pathogen-tested planting material compared to “apparently” healthy vines on yield and health status at three defined environments in Northern Ghana during the rainy season of 2015. Sweetpotato virus disease (SPVD) and weevils were considered. Four varieties were investigated, the pathogen-tested vines of Dadanyuie, Bohye and Ligri, and “apparently” healthy vines of Apomuden from the negative selection technique. All planting materials taken from the net tunnel and open field were from the same location. Eight treatment combinations were arranged in a RCBD with 3 replicates. Planting distance was 0.30 m x 1 m. Weeding was done and fertilizer was applied as necessary. General and three-way analysis of variance were computed using Genstat. Highly significant differences were found among varieties and trial sites for plant establishment, foliage yield, root yield, weevil, and SPVD. The two sources were not significantly different. For varieties across sites, net tunnel source was better than open field. The apparently healthy vines might be effective as pathogentested vines. Net tunnels may have a distinct advantage for multiplication and maintenance.
Discrimination of patterns of N-acetylation in chitooligosaccharides by gas phase IR spectroscopy integrated to mass spectrometry
Authors: Wattjes Jasper , Schindler Baptiste , Trombotto Stéphane , David Laurent , Moerschbacher Bruno M. , Compagnon Isabelle 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We propose a novel, bi-dimensional analysis of partially N-acetylated chitosan oligosaccharides based on gas phase Infra-Red spectroscopy integrated to mass spectrometry (MS). By providing simultaneously MS and IR fingerprints, this approach combines the advantages of MS with the refined structural detail offered by gas phase spectroscopy and provides robust signatures for the rapid discrimination of the patterns of N-acetylation. Four mono-N-deacetylated and two doubly-N-deacetylated chitosan tetramer standards with well-defined patterns of acetylation were produced and analyzed by IR integrated to MS. We show that each sequence displays a unique combination of MS and IR fingerprints, thus offering a rapid diagnostic for the pattern of acetylation without the need for reducing end labeling.
How to Get Free Will from Positive Reinforcement
Authors: Kirkeby-Hinrup Asger 
Published: June 2017

AbstractI will start by noting that Harry Frankfurt’s concept of wholeheartedness is in conflict with the intuition that free will should be efficacious in general rather than pertain only to a small subset of decisions. To replace wholeheartedness I introduce a heuristic account for deliberation and decisions. I will show that introspective activity can lead to the individual having two types of “introspective revelations”. By the onset of the introspective revelations, a self-perpetuating loop is initiated. The loop consists of two elements positively reinforcing each other. The two elements are introspective activity and introspective revelations. The effect is a propensity to ask oneself “what do I want?” whenever faced with a choice. This propensity, I submit, can give us what we want if we want free will.