bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life perspectives of adolescents in the puerperium
Authors: Oliveira Danielle Martins do Nascimento , Alves Kallyndicer Aparecida , Gomes Gabriela Lisieux Lima , Ferreira Josefa Danielma Lopes , Bezerra Eva Porto , Chianca Kirlene Scheyla Viana , Ramalho Flávio William Brito de Azevedo , Lima Carla Lidiane Jácome de , Mello Emmanuella Costa Azevedo , Costa Marta Miriam Lopes 
Published: June 2017

Objective: identify the life perspectives of adolescents in the puerperal period, identifying their feelings regarding motherhood.
Method: qualitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, carried out at a public maternity hospital located in João Pessoa/PB. The population consisted of 16 adolescents in the puerperal period. Data were collected from semi-structured questionnaires and the data analysis used descriptive statistics. The Research Ethics Committee of Nova Esperança Colleges approved it, protocol number 41/14 and CAAE: 24222214.0.0000.5179.
Results: the following categories emerged: 1. Sensations and feelings related to the discovery of being a mother; 2. Concern about herself and the baby; 3. Changes in the life routine; 4. Perspectives for future projects. The results reinforce the need to know better the dreams and the ideals that guide the life projects of the adolescents in the puerperal period, in an attempt to construct prevention strategies that are closer to the needs generated in this population group.
Conclusion: The adolescents believed in a promising future, despite difficulties encountered resulting from motherhood. The contribution of the study as a subsidy for the reflection of health professionals about the problem of being a mother during adolescence stands out, which positively influences the quality of care.
Descriptors: Nursing; Pregnancy in adolescence; Postpartum period.
Epidemiological Aspects Of Microcephal Cases And Central Nervous System Changes In Newborn
Authors: Lopes Figueiredo Pereira Jessika , Pereira de Lima Silmara , Oliveira Cecília Danielle Bezerra , Sátiro Xavier de França Inácia , Cézar Soares Guilherme , De Souza Abreu Alencar Gláucia , Leite Cavalcanti Alessandro 
Published: June 2017

Objective: To describe the epidemiological situation of cases of microcephaly and / or Central Nervous System changes in newborns in the Northeast region of Brazil.
Methods: Epidemiological, descriptive study with secondary data. Epidemiological data were collected in the Notifiable Diseases Information System, with cumulative data from the years 2015 and 2016. They were processed in the statistical software SPSS - version 21 and analyzed from the descriptive statistics.
Results: It was evidenced that, in the Northeast region, 6,481 cases of microcephaly and / or central nervous system disorders were reported. Of these, the states of Pernambuco and Bahia stand out with a higher percentage of reported and confirmed cases. About the reported deaths, the states of Pernambuco, Ceará and Bahia prevailed. Of the cases of deaths confirmed, the states of Rio Grande do Norte and Paraíba.
Conclusion: it is imperative to carry out an ongoing population awareness campaign on the prevention of ZIKAV and how important it is to follow up the pregnant woman during prenatal care. In addition to the constant updating of health professionals regarding microcephaly and the creation of more services to support the NB and their families. Therefore, it is suggested to carry out more studies to understand the reason for the increase in reported cases of microcephaly, being possible to draw up specific strategies for each locality in order to reduce the cases of this disease.
Keywords: Epidemiology; Microcephaly; Central Nervous System; Children.
Interprofessional Team’s Perception of Care Delivery After Implementation of a Pediatric Pain and Sedation Protocol
Authors: Staveski Sandra L. , Wu May , Tesoro Tiffany M. , Roth Stephen J. , Cisco Michael J. 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUNDPain and agitation are common experiences of patients in pediatric cardiac intensive care units. Variability in assessments by health care providers, communication, and treatment of pain and agitation creates challenges in management of pain and sedation.OBJECTIVESTo develop guidelines for assessment and treatment of pain, agitation, and delirium in the pediatric cardiac intensive unit in an academic children’s hospital and to document the effects of implementation of the guidelines on the interprofessional team’s perception of care delivery and team function.METHODSBefore and after implementation of the guidelines, interprofessional team members were surveyed about the members’ perception of analgesia, sedation, and delirium managementRESULTSMembers of the interprofessional team felt more comfortable with pain and sedation management after implementation of the guidelines. Team members reported improvements in team communication on patients’ comfort. Members thought that important information was less likely to be lost during transfer of care. They also noted that the team carried out comfort management plans and used pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies better after implementation of the guidelines than they did before implementation.CONCLUSIONSGuidelines for pain and sedation management were associated with perceived improvements in team function and patient care by members of the interprofessional team.
Analysis of HIV-related mortality data in a tertiary South African neurology unit, 2006- 2012
Authors: Schutte Clara Maria 
Published: June 2017

Background. South Africa (SA) has a high prevalence of HIV infection with almost 11% of the population aged >2 years living with HIV. At the Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, the Neurology Department has seen a steady increase in HIV-related neurology patients.Objective. To evaluate the mortality data of this unit as it relates to HIV infection.Methods. The study was a retrospective analysis of records. Patient mortality statistics for 2006, 2008, 2010 and 2012 were analysed regarding cause of death, sex, age and HIV status.Results. During 2006, 85 patients died: 33% were HIV-positive, 13% were HIV-negative and 54% had not tested for HIV. By 2010, these figures were 50%, 22% and 28%, respectively, changing little in 2012 (48%, 28% and 24%, respectively). Causes of death in the HIV-positive group were meningitis in 58% – with tuberculous meningitis the most common aetiology – followed by strokes (14%), space-occupying lesions (8%) and status epilepticus (7%). Among HIV-positive patients aged 20 - 30 years, a larger proportion of young women died than men. In the combined untested and HIV-negative group, strokes accounted for the vast majority of deaths.Conclusion. Neurological complications of HIV remain common in SA and contribute significantly to the overall mortality in our tertiary neurology unit, with TB posing a serious threat. A strong corps of clinical neurologists with training in infective neurology is needed urgently in the coming years to care for this growing number of patients.
Effect of tension therapy in the management of pressure ulcers a case report
Authors: Adedoyin A. R. , Olaogun M. O. B , Omojola O. F. , Adenekan M. K. 
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this case study was to determine the therapeuticeffect of tension on the healing of an open pressure sore. An in-patient of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria was chosen for the study. The patient had paraplegia secondary to Burkitt’s lymphoma and subsequently developed pressure ulcers on the sacrum and right ischium. The right ischial ulcer was randomly chosen as experimental and the other ulcer as the control. Tension therapy was administered to the experimental ulcer for 20 minutes for four days a week. This was achieved by applying passive mobilization exercises to the right hip joint. The tension was maintained for about 5 minutes and released for 1 minute. The process was repeated 4 times per treatment session. The control wound did not receive tension therapy. Both the experimental and control ulcers received conventional dressing. The study lasted for five weeks. The experimental sore reduced to 60.5% of the original surface area while the control ulcer did not show any appreciable healing but rather expanded by 19.6% of its original size. This finding indicates that tension therapy could be effectively used to accelerate healing of pressure ulcers.
Private practitioners`use of exercise therapy in lower back pain
Authors: Strydom Z. , Faure M. , Bester M. M. 
Published: June 2017

Introduction: Lower back pain (LBP) is a common problem treated by physiotherapists. Recent research confirms the need for a more dynamic approach, to the management of this condition and includes progressive activity and exercise. The current use of exercise therapy for people with LBP and the implementation of evidence based practice in this field in South Africa, is unknown. As 80% of physiotherapists in South Africa offer services in private sector, the purpose of the study was to determine the use of this modality by physiotherapists. The specific aims were to determine how many physiotherapists utilise exercise therapy, how much therapy time is spent on it and how the modality is applied. This information can determine whether there is a need for continuing professional development in this area.Method: A stratified random sample of 489 South African physiotherapists was selected to take part in a survey by means of a questionnaire. Data was analysed descriptively and relationships between categories were analysed using Chi-square tests (p<5).Results: A response rate of 85% was reached. All but one physiotherapist used exercise therapy however, only 16% of the physiotherapists spent more than half of the course of treatment on exercise therapy. Most respondents (96%) specified dosages, 95% progressed exercises, but only 46% alwaysre-assess exercises at follow-up visits. Homeexercises are often prescribed, but group exercises are seldom used.Conclusion: South African physiotherapists in private practice use exercise therapy as a treatment modality for people with LBP. Inconsistencies concerning the implementation and time spent on exercises, suggests the need for continual professional development in this area
The relevance of the hip extensor muscles to low back pain in elite female field hockey players
Authors: Wege M. , Bester M. M. , Crous L. C. 
Published: June 2017

Low back pain (LBP) is a common complaint among field hockey players. Only a few of the risk factors for LBP have however been assessed on these players. These include trunk strength and lumbosacral range of motion. The aim of the literature review was therefore to investigate the reports of LBP among elite female field hockey players, focusing on risk factors for LBP, biomechanical aspects of field hockey, muscle imbalance and the role of the gluteus maximus (GM) muscle in the development of LBP. The literature indicated a strong link between LBP and GM weakness. More recent research supports this concept and clearly stated that female athletes with GM weakness are at risk for the development of LBP. Considering that the biomechanical aspects and unique requirements of field hockey indicate hip extensor involvement, as well as the association between LBP and GM weakness, further investigation is warranted into the hip extensor muscles of field hockey players.
Motor development in children living within resource poor areas of the Western Cape
Authors: Jelsma J. , Ferguson G. 
Published: June 2017

Introduction: In 1986, Irwin-Carruthers tested 681 BlackAfrican babies from the Western Cape and concluded that the South African sample was in advance of the Denver sample both in fine and gross motor behaviour. This study was to determine whether the motor development of isiXhosa speaking children from the same area was still advanced compared to their North American counterparts.Method: The Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II were administered to 86 children attending well baby clinics, between the ages of 1-36 months.Results: The mean motor developmental quotient was 92 (SD=15). Twenty eight percent of the sample was either significantly or mildly delayed. No socio-economic or maternal characteristics were associated with this score.Conclusion: The reasons for the decrease in performance are not clear. The socio-economic situation of the mothers was poor and there were a large number of single mothers whose sole source of income was government child support grants. It is likely that the cause of the decrease is multi-factorial. The mothers are clearly in need of emotional and financial support. It is suggested that the introduction of stimulation programmes might be useful inreducing the long term impact of this delayed development.
Perceived attitudes and benefits towards teaching evidence based practice among physiotherapy lecturers at tertiary institutions in South Africa
Authors: Frantz J.M. , Diener I. 
Published: June 2017

Evidence-based practice (EBP) is gaining momentum in the physiotherapy profession. The main focus of EBP, however, has been in clinical practiceand in the move towards global EBP, very little attention has been given tothe contents of physiotherapy education programs. There is very limitedinformation regarding the attitudes of health professional lecturers, especially physiotherapists, towards the teaching of evidence based practice.The aim of this study was to determine the attitudes of lecturers and use ofevidence in teaching among physiotherapists at tertiary institutions in South Africa. The study employed a within stage mixed model approach. The study population consisted of all physiotherapy lecturers at the 8 training institutions in South Africa. Out of 76 physiotherapy lecturers at the 8 insti-tutions, the response rate to the questionnaire was 47% (35). Respondents identified that teaching EBP depends on personal experience, current literature, and availability of time, current practice patterns and CPD courses. Barriers toincluding evidence in the content of what is being taught were mainly time constraints, accessibility of journals, work-load and knowledge on how to obtain the evidence. Facilitators to including evidence in subject content were adequateresources and a well equipped library, the environment and departmental support/encouragement. Teaching EBPrequires the integration of factors such as research evidence, clinical expertise and patient values. Although the majority of respondents in the current study demonstrated a positive attitude towards teaching EBP, they reported finding it difficult to implement it in practice due to several identified barriers. It can only be to the benefit of lecturers, studentsand patients if university departments create favourable circumstances for lecturers to facilitate teaching of EBP.
Predisposing factors to lateral ankle injury in male comrades marathon runners
Authors: Hiemstra J. , Naidoo N. 
Published: June 2017

Introduction: More than two million people experience ankle ligament traumaeach year in the United States. Half of these are severe ligament sprains, however verylittle is known about the factors that predispose individuals to these injuries. The purpose of this study, (which was conducted as an undergraduate research project),was to find a correlation between the characteristics of height, weight and limbdominance and lateral ankle ligament injuries. Method: A retrospective study was conducted on 114 ultra distance runners whoparticipated in the 2006 Comrades Marathon. During race registration, the runners’ height and weight were measuredafter answering a questionnaire regarding their training. Results: 114 runners responded to the questionnaire. From this cohort, 38 (33.3%) had sustained previous lateral ankle injuries. Of these 38 injuries, 47.4% of the injuries occurred on the runner’s dominant limb and 36.8% occurred on thenon-dominant side. 15.8% of the runners sustained previous ankle injuries to both ankles. There was a low negative correlation coefficient of 0.24 with regards to weight as a risk factor. This indicated that the power of the correlationwas 5.93%. The study demonstrates that there is no correlation between an increase in weight and an increase in theincidence of ankle injury. The correlation coefficient indicated a low correlation between an increase in height and the incidence of ankle injury. However, the power of the correlation at 18.37% makes inaccurate any attempt to predict the height at which a runner would be at most risk for lateral ankle injury. Conclusion: Height and weight are not risk factors predisposing subjects to lateral ankle injury. In addition, the studyillustrated that there was no effect of limb dominance on the incidence of lateral ankle injury.
Recovery strategies implemented by sport support staff of elite rugby players in South Africa
Authors: Van Wyk D.V. , Lambert M.I. 
Published: June 2017

Objective: The main aim of this study was to determine strategies used toaccelerate recovery of elite rugby players after training and matches, asused by medical support staff of rugby teams in South A frica. A secondaryaim was to focus on specifics of implementing ice/cold water immersion asrecovery strategy. Design: A Questionnaire-based cross sectional descriptive survey was used.Setting and Participants: Most (n=58) of the medical support staff ofrugby teams (doctors, physiotherapists, biokineticists and fitness trainers)who attended the inaugural Rugby Medical A ssociation conference linked to the South A frican Sports MedicineA ssociation Conference in Pretoria (14-16th November, 2007) participated in the study. Results: Recovery strategies were utilized mostly after matches. Stretching and ice/cold water immersion were utilized the most (83%). More biokineticists and fitness trainers advocated the usage of stretching than their counter-parts (medical doctors and physiotherapists). Ice/Cold water immersion and A ctive Recovery were the top two ratedstrategies. A summary of the details around implementation of ice/cold water therapy is shown (mean) as utilized bythe subjects: (i) The time to immersion after matches was 12±9 min; (ii) The total duration of one immersion sessionwas 6±6 min; (iii) 3 immersion sessions per average training week was utilized by subjects; (iv) The average water temperature was 10±3 ºC.; (v) Ice cubes were used most frequently to cool water for immersion sessions, and(vi) plastic drums were mostly used as the container for water. Conclusion: In this survey the representative group of support staff provided insight to which strategies are utilizedin South A frican elite rugby teams to accelerate recovery of players after training and/or matches.
A pilot study on the test re-test and the inter-rater reliability of the Melbourne Assessment of Unilateral Upper Limb Function
Authors: Jayaraman P. , Puckree T. 
Published: June 2017

Objective: The Melbourne Assessment of Unilateral Upper Limb Function(commonly referred to as the Melbourne A ssessment) was identiﬁed as atool to quantify the quality of upper extremity function in children with cerebral palsy aged 5 to 15 years in South Africa. Since the tool was nottested in a South African population before, it became necessary to determine its inter-rater and test-retest reliability.Methods: Five South African Black children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy served as the test sample. The raters were 2 neurodevelopmental trained physiotherapists with more than 2 and 8 years of experience in pediatric physiotherapy but novice to the use of the Melbourne Assessment. Both therapists acquainted themselves with the tool kit and manual prior to the rating. The entire assessment of each child was video taped and reassessed a week later by one of the therapists for test-retestreliability. Results: Ratings of the 2 raters and test-retest scores were correlated using the weighted Kappa due to the small sample size. Kappa scores for individual scores for interrater reliability and test-retest was 0, 75 and that for the totalscores were 0, 72 and 0, 82 respectively. Conclusion: These ﬁndings suggest that good inter-tester and test-retest reliability can be achieved for the MelbourneA ssessment when used in a group of South African Black children.
Persons with physical disabilities’ experiences of rehabilitation services at Community Health Centres in Cape Town.
Authors: Kahonde C.K. , Mlenzana N. , Rhoda A. 
Published: June 2017

Background: Rehabilitation is of fundamental importance for the persons with disability to achieve functional independence and have an improved quality of life. To enhance the effectiveness of rehabilitation, it is important to seek clients’ perspectives of the rehabilitation services and to incorporate these perspectives into the planning and delivery of rehabilitation services. The aim of this study was to explore the persons with physical disabilities’ experiences of the rehabilitation services they received at Community Health Centres (CHCs). Methods: In-depth qualitative interviews were used to collect data. Ten persons with physical disabilities, who had received rehabilitation services at CHCs participated in the in-depth interviews. The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Results: The clients experienced problems with accessing transport and obtaining information from the service providers. Experiences regarding clients’ involvement in the rehabilitation were varied. All the clients reported positive experiences regarding their interaction with service providers and family involvement. Conclusion: The experiences of the participants who accessed CHCs for rehabilitation were positive and negative. The service providers should therefore address the aspects of rehabilitation that were negatively experienced.
Physiotherapy students’ and clinical teachers’ perspectives on best clinical teaching and learning practices: A qualitative study.
Authors: Ernstzen D.V. , Bitzer E. , Grimmer-Somers K. 
Published: June 2017

Background: Clinical education forms a core component of the training of physiotherapy students. Little research on the efficacy of commonly used physiotherapy clinical learning and teaching opportunities are available. Objective: This paper sought to identify the clinical teaching and learning opportunities that undergraduate physiotherapy students and clinical teachers viewed as effective in enhancing learning, as well as the reasoning behind their views.Design: A qualitative research design was used. Data was analyzed using content analysis. Data was coded, cate gorized and conceptualized into key themes and patterns. Participants: All third year (n=40) and fourth year (n=40) physiotherapy students as well as their clinical teachers (n=37) were eligible to participate. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with a purposive sample consisting of six third-year students, six fourth-year students and six clinical teachers. Results: The results indicated that learning is best facilitated in open, relaxed environments.Demonstrations of patient management by teachers and students, discussion of patient cases, feedback and formative assessment were identified to be effective strategies to enhance development of clinical competence. Conclusion: Clinical education, using focused and structured processes, could ensure that students are exposed to a range of learning opportunities for development of clinical competence.