bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pattern of Severe Acute Maternal Morbidity in a Tertiary Care Institute
Authors: Kaur Narinder , Aryal Shreyashi 
Published: November 2016

Introduction: Maternal mortality traditionally has been the indicator of maternal health all over the world. More recently review of the cases of severe acute maternal morbidity (SAMM), also termed as "near miss obstetrics events", has been found to be a useful supplementary indicator to investigate maternal health care. Cases of near miss are those in which women present with potentially fatal complication during pregnancy, delivery, or the puerperium and survive merely by chance or by good hospital care. This study was done with the objective to analyze cases of SAMM at Lumbini Medical College Teaching Hospital (LMCTH), Nepal.

Methods: A retrospective study of all cases meeting the WHO criteria for SAMM, during May 2015, was done. Cases meeting the WHO eligibility criteria for near miss cases were included in the study. Medical record of such cases in past one year was reviewed. Their socio-demographic variables, parity, gestational age, associated organ dysfunction, ICU and hospital stay, management, and fetal and maternal outcome were noted.

Results: During the study period, there were total of 28 cases of SAMM and two maternal mortality out of 2735 live births. Thus rate of SAMM was 1.02%, and maternal mortality rate was 0.07%. Majority of patients were unbooked (n=18, 64.28%) and 10 (35.71%) were illiterate. Commonest causes for admission to ICU was hemorrhage (n=10, 35.71%) followed by hypertensive disorders (n=9, 32.06%), sepsis (n=2, 7.14%), and obstructed labour (n=2, 7.14%). Laparotomy was performed in six (21.42%) women, obstetric hysterectomy in four (14.28%), and pelvic devascularization in two (10.71%).

Conclusion: SAMM is a useful adjunct to maternal mortality to assess maternal health care. Improving facility based care and prompt referral, education of primary health care (PHC) staff can be a short term measure to quickly reduce the number of maternal deaths. Facility based monitoring and reporting of SAMM outcome is an important step for scaling up such efforts.
Supernumerary Nipples, Congenital Scoliosis, Spina Bifida, Diastematomyelia, and Crossed Renal Ectopia in a child
Authors: Panthee Kiran , Sharma Kiran , Kalakheti Balkrishna 
Published: November 2016

Introduction: Supernumerary nipples are common anomalies which may be associated with several systemic disorders, particularly urinary tract abnormalities.

Case report: Here we report a case of a 4½ year old male presenting to the pediatric out patient clinic with fever for three days and recurrent sinopulmonary infections. The child had supernumerary nipples over the right side with deformed thoracic cage, congenital scoliosis, diastematomyelia, crossed renal ectopia, and spina bifida. All the conditions present together did not match any syndrome reported till date.

Conclusion: This was a rare syndrome and did not match fully with any known syndromes till date. This case warranted further investigation for its definite diagnosis but we do not have resources to that extent.
Hormonal Contraception and Risk of Thromboembolism in Women With Diabetes
Authors: O’Brien Sarah H. , Koch Terah , Vesely Sara K. , Schwarz Eleanor Bimla 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVE
To investigate safety of hormonal contraception with regard to thromboembolic events in women with type 1 or 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We used data from 2002–2011 in Clinformatics Data Mart to identify women in the U.S., 14–44 years of age, with an ICD-9-CM code for diabetes and a prescription for a diabetic medication or device. We examined contraceptive claims and compared time to thromboembolism (venous thrombosis, stroke, or myocardial infarction) among women with diabetes dispensed hormonal contraception using a modification of Cox regression to control for age, smoking, obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetic complications, and history of cancer; we excluded data for 3 months after women gave birth.

RESULTS
We identified 146,080 women with diabetes who experienced 3,012 thromboembolic events. Only 28% of reproductive-aged women with diabetes had any claims for hormonal contraception, with the majority receiving estrogen-containing oral contraceptives. Rates of thromboembolism were highest among women who used the contraceptive patch (16 per 1,000 woman-years) and lowest among women who used intrauterine (3.4 per 1,000 woman-years) and subdermal (0 per 163 woman-years) contraceptives. Compared with use of intrauterine contraception, progestin-only injectable contraception was associated with increased risk of thromboembolism (12.5 per 1,000 woman-years; adjusted hazard ratio 4.69 [95% CI 2.51–8.77]).

CONCLUSIONS
The absolute risk of thromboembolism among women with type 1 or 2 diabetes using hormonal contraception is low. Highly effective, intrauterine and subdermal contraceptives are excellent options for women with diabetes who hope to avoid the teratogenic effects of hyperglycemia by carefully planning their pregnancies.
Diabetes Device Use in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: Barriers to Uptake and Potential Intervention Targets
Authors: Tanenbaum Molly L. , Hanes Sarah J. , Miller Kellee M. , Naranjo Diana , Bensen Rachel , Hood Korey K. 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVEDiabetes devices (insulin pumps, continuous glucose monitors [CGMs]) are associated with benefits for glycemic control, yet uptake of these devices continues to be low. Some barriers to device uptake may be modifiable through psychosocial intervention, but little is known about which barriers and which patients to target.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe surveyed 1,503 adult T1D Exchange participants (mean age 35.3 [SD 14.8] years, mean diagnosis duration 20.4 [SD 12.5] years) to investigate barriers to device uptake, understand profiles of device users versus nonusers, and explore differences by age and sex. Scales used were the Diabetes Distress Scale, Technology Use Attitudes (General and Diabetes-Specific), and Barriers to Device Use and Reasons for Discontinuing Devices.RESULTSMost commonly endorsed modifiable barriers were related to the hassle of wearing devices (47%) and disliking devices on one’s body (35%). CGM users (37%) were older than nonusers (mean 38.3 vs. 33.5 years), had diabetes for longer (22.9 vs. 18.8 years), had more positive technology attitudes (22.6–26.0 vs. 21.4–24.8), and reported fewer barriers to using diabetes technology than nonusers (3.3 vs. 4.3). The youngest age-group (18–25 years) had the lowest CGM (26% vs. 40–48%) and insulin pump (64% vs. 69–77%) uptake, highest diabetes distress (2.2 vs. 1.8–2.1), and highest HbA1c levels (8.3% [67 mmol/mol] vs. 7.2–7.4% [55–57 mmol/mol]).CONCLUSIONSEfforts to increase device use need to target physical barriers to wearing devices. Because young adults had the lowest device uptake rates, highest distress, and highest HbA1c compared with older age-groups, they should be the focus of future interventions to increase device use.
Effects of dobutamine hydrochloride on cardiovascular function in horses anesthetized with isoflurane with or without acepromazine maleate premedication
Authors: Schier Mara F. , Raisis Anthea L. , Secombe Cristy J. , Hosgood Giselle , Musk Gabrielle C. , Lester Guy D. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of acepromazine maleate premedication on cardiovascular function before and after infusion of dobutamine hydrochloride for 30 minutes in isoflurane-anesthetized horses.
ANIMALS 6 healthy adult horses.
PROCEDURES Each horse was anesthetized once following premedication with acepromazine (0.02 mg/kg, IV) administered 30 minutes prior to anesthetic induction (ACP+ treatment) and once without premedication (ACP– treatment). Anesthesia was induced with IV administration of xylazine hydrochloride (0.8 mg/kg), ketamine hydrochloride (2.2 mg/kg), and diazepam (0.08 mg/kg). Horses were positioned in right lateral recumbency, and anesthesia was maintained via inhalation of isoflurane delivered in oxygen. End-tidal isoflurane concentration was adjusted to achieve a target mean arterial blood pressure of 60 mm Hg (interquartile range [25th to 75th percentile], 57 to 63 mm Hg) for at least 15 minutes. Cardiac index, oxygen delivery index, and femoral arterial blood flow indices were determined 60 minutes after anesthetic induction (baseline). Dobutamine was then infused to achieve a target mean arterial blood pressure of 80 mm Hg (interquartile range, 76 to 80 mm Hg). Data collection was repeated 30 minutes after the start of dobutamine infusion for comparison with baseline values.
RESULTS Complete data sets were available from 5 of the 6 horses. Dobutamine administration resulted in significant increases in oxygen delivery and femoral arterial blood flow indices but no significant change in cardiac index for each treatment. However, at baseline or 30 minutes after the start of dobutamine infusion, findings for the ACP+ and ACP– treatments did not differ.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In isoflurane-anesthetized horses, dobutamine administration increased oxygen delivery and femoral arterial blood flow indices, but these changes were unaffected by premedication with acepromazine.
Comparison of four methods for generating decellularized equine synovial extracellular matrix
Authors: Reisbig Nathalie A. , Hussein Hayam A. , Pinnell Erin , Bertone Alicia L. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate 4 methods for generating decellularized equine synovial extracellular matrix.
SAMPLE Villous synovium harvested from the femoropatellar and medial femorotibial joints of 4 healthy adult horses < 7 years of age. Synovial samples were frozen (−80°C) until used.
PROCEDURES Synovial samples were thawed and left untreated (control) or decellularized with 1 of 4 methods (15 samples/horse/method): incubation in 0.1% peracetic acid (PAA), incubation in 0.1% PAA twice, incubation in 1% Triton X-100 followed by incubation in DNase, and incubation in 2M NaCl followed by incubation in DNase. Control and decellularized samples were examined for residual cells, villous integrity, and collagen structure and integrity by means of histologic examination and scanning electron microscopy; cell viability was evaluated by means of culture and exclusion staining. Decellularization efficiency was assessed by testing for DNA content and DNA fragment size.
RESULTS Incubation in PAA once preserved the synovial villous architecture, but resulted in high DNA content and retention of large (> 25,000 base pair) DNA fragments. Incubation in Triton and incubation in NaCl resulted in low DNA content and short (< 200 base pair) DNA fragments, but destroyed the synovial villous architecture. Incubation in PAA twice resulted in low DNA content and short DNA fragments while retaining the synovial villous architecture.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that of the methods evaluated, incubation in 0.1% PAA twice was the best method for generating decellularized equine synovial extracellular matrix.
Concentrations of thromboxane metabolites in feline urine
Authors: Heggem-Perry Brittany , Smith Stephanie A. , McMichael Maureen A. , O'Brien Mauria , Saunders Anne , Tarricone Jason 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the predominant thromboxane (TX) metabolite in urine of healthy cats, evaluate whether the method of sample collection would impact concentration of that metabolite, and propose a reference interval for that metabolite in urine of healthy cats.
ANIMALS 17 cats (11 purpose-bred domestic shorthair cats, 5 client-owned domestic shorthair cats, and 1 client-owned Persian cat).
PROCEDURES All cats were deemed healthy on the basis of results for physical examination, a CBC, serum biochemical analysis, urinalysis, and measurement of prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. Voided and cystocentesis urine samples (or both) were collected. Aliquots of urine were stored at −80°C until analysis. Concentrations of TXB2, 11-dehydroTXB2, and 2,3 dinorTXB2 were measured with commercially available ELISA kits. Urinary creatinine concentration was also measured.
RESULTS 11-dehydroTXB2 was the most abundant compound, representing (mean ± SD) 59 ± 18% of the total amount of TX detected. In all samples, the concentration of 11-dehydroTXB2 was greater than that of 2,3 dinorTXB2 (mean, 4.2 ± 2.7-fold as high). Mean concentration of 11-dehydroTXB2 for the 17 cats was 0.57 ± 0.47 ng/mg of creatinine. A reference interval (based on the 5% to 95% confidence interval) of 0.10 to 2.1 ng of 11-dehydroTXB2/mg of creatinine was proposed for healthy cats.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this study, 11-dehydroTXB2 was the major TX metabolite in feline urine. Measurement of this metabolite may represent a noninvasive, convenient method for monitoring in vivo platelet activation in cats at risk for thromboembolism.
Quantification and characterization of pleural fluid in healthy dogs with thoracostomy tubes
Authors: Hung Germaine C. , Gaunt M. Casey , Rubin Joseph E. , Starrak Gregory S. , Sakals Sherisse A. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify and characterize pleural fluid collected from healthy dogs after placement of a thoracostomy tube (TT).
ANIMALS 8 healthy Coonhound-cross dogs (mean ± SD weight, 27.2 ± 1.6 kg).
PROCEDURES Thoracic CT of each dog was performed before placement of a TT and daily thereafter for 7 days. Thoracic fluid volume was calculated from CT images. Effusion was aspirated when detected; volume was recorded, and cytologic analysis and bacterial culture were performed.
RESULTS Mean ± SD volume of pleural effusion detected by CT was 1.43 ± 0.59 mL/kg (range, 0.12 to 3.32 mL/kg). Mean volume collected via aspiration was 0.48 ± 0.84 mL/kg (range, 0 to 2.16 mL/kg). Cytologic analysis yielded results consistent with an exudate, characterized by septic suppurative inflammation in 6 dogs and mixed inflammation in 1 dog; there was insufficient volume for analysis in 1 dog. Sufficient volume was obtained for bacterial culture for 6 dogs, which yielded pure growths of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (n = 3) and Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus (2) and mixed growth of both of these species (1). The TT was removed before day 7 in 4 dogs because of pyothorax (n = 3) and irreversible damage to the TT (1).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Presence of a TT induced a minimal volume of pleural effusion in healthy dogs. Pyothorax developed in most dogs between 4 and 6 days after TT placement. On the basis of these findings, a TT should be removed by the fourth day after placement, unless complications are detected sooner.
Recurrence of disk herniation following percutaneous laser disk ablation in dogs with a history of thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation: 303 cases (1994–2011)
Authors: Dugat Danielle R. , Bartels Kenneth E. , Payton Mark E. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine rate of recurrence of disk herniation in dogs that underwent percutaneous laser disk ablation (PLDA) because of a previous episode of suspected or confirmed thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation (IVDH).
DESIGN Retrospective case series.
ANIMALS 303 dogs that underwent PLDA and for which a minimum of 3 years of follow-up information was available (n = 294) or for which recurrence was documented within 3 years after the procedure (9).
PROCEDURES Information on signalment, previous episodes of IVDH, specifics of the PLDA procedure, and recurrence was obtained from the medical records. Owners were contacted to complete a questionnaire regarding outcome and recurrence.
RESULTS 60 of the 303 (19.8%) dogs had an episode of suspected or confirmed IVDH after undergoing PLDA, but only 11 of the 303 (3.6%) dogs had a recurrence of IVDH confirmed by means of CT or MRI and hemilaminectomy. Recurrence rate following PLDA was not significantly different between dogs that had been treated medically for previous episodes of IVDH and dogs that had been treated surgically. Overall, 270 of 286 (94.4%) owners reported that their dog was the same (109 [38.1%]) or improved (161 [56.3%]) immediately after PLDA, and 265 (92.7%) owners rated their satisfaction with the procedure as ≥ 9 on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that PLDA was a relatively safe, minimally invasive procedure associated with a low rate of recurrence of disk herniation when performed in dogs with a history of previous episodes of suspected or confirmed IVDH.
Partial gastrectomy for resection of a gastric leiomyoma in a guinea pig (Cavia porcellus)
Authors: Gardhouse Sara M. , Sanchez-Migallon Guzman David , Sadar Miranda J. , DeRouen Anthony J. , Bucy Daniel S. , Adedeji Adeyemi O. , Vernau William , Casey Kerriann M. , Mohr F. Charles , Steffey Michele A. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION A 4-year-old sexually intact male pet guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) was evaluated for a routine wellness examination.
CLINICAL FINDINGS During physical examination, a small mass was palpated in the cranial aspect of the abdomen. Abdominal radiographic and ultrasonographic findings were suggestive of a gastric mass. Cytologic evaluation of a fine-needle aspirate of the mass was indicative of spindle cell proliferation most consistent with a sarcoma.
TREATMENT AND OUTCOME The patient was anesthetized, and an exploratory laparotomy and partial gastrectomy were performed to resect the gastric mass. Histologic and immunohistochemical examinations of the mass revealed that it was a gastric leiomyoma. The patient recovered from surgery without complications. No evidence of mass recurrence was observed during an abdominal ultrasonographic examination performed approximately 19 months after surgery.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE To our knowledge, this was the first report of the clinical diagnosis and successful surgical treatment of a gastric neoplasm in a guinea pig. Gastric leiomyomas are not uncommon in guinea pigs, and although benign, they can cause clinical signs if they become large enough to impair gastric function. Gastrointestinal surgery should be considered as a treatment option for guinea pigs with similar gastric neoplasms.
Signalment, clinical features, and outcome for male horses with urethral rents following perineal urethrotomy or corpus spongiotomy: 33 cases (1989–2013)
Authors: Glass Kati G. , Arnold Carolyn E. , Varner Dickson D. , Chaffin M. Keith , Schumacher James 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the signalment, clinical features, and outcome for male horses with urethral rents following perineal urethrotomy (PU) or corpus spongiotomy (CS).
DESIGN Retrospective case series.
ANIMALS 33 horses.
PROCEDURES Medical records of male horses examined because of hematuria or hemospermia caused by urethral rents that underwent PU or CS at a referral hospital between 1989 and 2013 were reviewed. Data regarding signalment, clinical features, urethroscopic findings, surgical treatment, and outcome were recorded. Long-term follow-up information was obtained by telephone interviews.
RESULTS Age of the study population ranged from 3 to 18 years. Nineteen geldings and 1 stallion were examined because of hematuria, of which 13 and 7 underwent PU and CS, respectively, at a mean of 56 days after onset of clinical signs. Thirteen stallions were examined because of hemospermia, of which 7 and 6 underwent PU and CS, respectively, at a mean of 193 days after onset of clinical signs. Hematuria resolved following 1 surgical procedure in all 17 horses for which long-term information was available. Of the 12 stallions for which long-term information was available, 7 had resolution of hemospermia after 1 PU or CS and 5 developed recurrent hemospermia that required additional PUs or CSs (n = 3) or primary closure of the urethral rent (2).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that PU and CS were reliable treatments for resolution of hematuria in male horses with urethral rents; stallions with urethral rents may require multiple PUs or CSs or primary closure of the rent for resolution of hemospermia.
Observations taxonomiques, phytogéographiques et écologiques sur la flore de la chaîne du Jura français
Authors: Royer Jean-Marie 
Published: November 2016

Taxonomical, phytogeographical and ecological observations on the french Jura's flora.
Numerous observations on the rocky and grasslandis flora of the french Jura give accuracy on complicated taxonomic groups and on peculiar subspecies and varieties. The geographical distribution of numerous species which have a phytogeographic interest is exposed. Five new species for the french Jura are discovered (Deschampsia media, Festuca amethystina, Festuca trichophylla, Sisymbrella aspera, Veronica verna) and four others before observed are confirmed (Catananche caerulea, Fumana ericoides, Onobrychis arenaria, Thesium linophylion).
POWERFUL RADIO EMISSION FROM LOW-MASS SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES FAVORS DISK-LIKE BULGES
Authors: Wang J. , Xu Y. , Xu D. W. , Wei J. Y. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
The origin of spin of low-mass supermassive black holes (SMBHs) is still a puzzle at present. We report here a study on the host galaxies of a sample of radio-selected nearby (z < 0.05) Seyfert 2 galaxies with a BH mass of 106–7 M
⊙. By modeling the SDSS r-band images of these galaxies through a two-dimensional bulge+disk decomposition, we identify a new dependence of SMBH's radio power on host bulge surface brightness profiles, in which more powerful radio emission comes from an SMBH associated with a more disk-like bulge. This result means low-mass and high-mass SMBHs are spun up by two entirely different modes that correspond to two different evolutionary paths. A low-mass SMBH is spun up by a gas accretion with significant disk-like rotational dynamics of the host galaxy in the secular evolution, while a high-mass one by a BH–BH merger in the merger evolution.
GENERATION OF HIGHLY INCLINED TRANS-NEPTUNIAN OBJECTS BY PLANET NINE
Authors: Batygin Konstantin , Brown Michael E. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
The trans-Neptunian region of the solar system exhibits an intricate dynamical structure, much of which can be explained by an instability-driven orbital history of the giant planets. However, the origins of a highly inclined, and in certain cases retrograde, population of trans-Neptunian objects remain elusive within the framework of this evolutionary picture. In this work, we show that the existence of a distant, Neptune-like planet that resides on an eccentric and mildly inclined orbit fully accounts for the anomalous component the trans-Neptunian orbital distribution. Adopting the same parameters for Planet Nine as those previously invoked to explain the clustering of distant Kuiper Belt orbits in physical space, we carry out a series of numerical experiments that elucidate the physical process though which highly inclined Kuiper Belt objects with semimajor axes smaller than a < 100 au are generated. The identified dynamical pathway demonstrates that enigmatic members of the Kuiper Belt such as Drac and Niku are derived from the extended scattered disk of the solar system.