bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR472 Deficiency Enhances Arabidopsis thaliana Defense Without Reducing Seed Production
Authors: Vasseur Francois , Baldrich Patricia , Jiménez-Góngora Tamara , Villar-Martin Luis , Weigel Detlef , Rubio-Somoza Ignacio 
Published: September 2024

After having co-existed in plant genomes for at least 200 million years, the products of microRNA (miRNA) and nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat protein (NLR) genes formed a regulatory relationship in the common ancestor of modern gymnosperms and angiosperms. From then on, DNA polymorphisms occurring at miRNA target sequences within NLR transcripts must have been compensated by mutations in the corresponding mature miRNA sequence. The potential evolutionary advantage of such regulation remains largely unknown and might be related to two nonexclusive scenarios: (i) miRNA-dependent regulation of NLR levels might prevent defense mis-activation with negative effects on plant growth and reproduction or (ii) reduction of active miRNA levels in response to pathogen-derived molecules (pathogen-associated molecular patterns [PAMPs] and silencing suppressors) might rapidly release otherwise silent NLR transcripts for rapid translation and thereby enhance defense. Here, we used Arabidopsis thaliana plants deficient for miR472 function to study the impact of releasing its NLR targets on plant growth and reproduction and on defense against the fungal pathogen Plectosphaerella cucumerina. We show that miR472 regulation has a dual role, participating both in the tight regulation of plant defense and growth. MIM472 lines, with reduced active miR472, are more resistant to pathogens and, correlatively, have reduced relative growth compared with wild-type plants, although the end of their reproductive phase is delayed, exhibiting higher adult biomass and similar seed yield as the wild-type. Our study highlights how negative consequences of defense activation might be compensated by changes in phenology and that miR472 reduction is an integral part of plant defense responses. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Resolvin D2/GPR18 signaling enhances monocytic myeloid‐derived suppressor cell function to mitigate abdominal aortic aneurysm formation
Authors: Bellotti Paolo , Ladd Zachary , Leroy Victoria , Su Gang , Sharma Shiven , Hartman Joseph B. , Krebs Jonathan , Viscardi Chelsea , Maile Robert , Moldawer Lyle L. , Efron Phillip A. , Sharma Ashish K. , Upchurch Gilbert R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation is a chronic vascular pathology characterized by inflammation, leukocyte infiltration, and vascular remodeling. The aim of this study was to delineate the protective role of Resolvin D2 (RvD2), a bioactive isoform of specialized pro‐resolving lipid mediators, via G‐protein‐coupled receptor 18 (GPR18) receptor signaling in attenuating AAAs. Importantly, RvD2 and GPR18 levels were significantly decreased in aortic tissue of AAA patients compared with controls. Furthermore, using an established murine model of AAA in C57BL/6 (WT) mice, we observed that treatment with RvD2 significantly attenuated aortic diameter, pro‐inflammatory cytokine production, immune cell infiltration (neutrophils and macrophages), elastic fiber disruption, and increased smooth muscle cell α‐actin expression as well as increased TGF‐β2 and IL‐10 expressions compared to untreated mice. Moreover, the RvD2‐mediated protection from vascular remodeling and AAA formation was blocked when mice were previously treated with siRNA for GPR18 signifying the importance of RvD2/GPR18 signaling in vascular inflammation. Mechanistically, RvD2‐mediated protection significantly enhanced infiltration and activation of monocytic myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (M‐MDSCs) by increasing TGF‐β2 and IL‐10 secretions in a GPR18‐dependent manner to attenuate aortic inflammation and vascular remodeling. Collectively, this study demonstrates that RvD2 treatment induces an expansion of myeloid‐lineage committed progenitors, such as M‐MDSCs, activates GPR18‐dependent signaling to enhance TGF‐β2 and IL‐10 secretion, and mitigates SMC activation that contributes to resolution of aortic inflammation and remodeling during AAA formation.
The Relationship of Pain Intensity, Perceived Injustice, and Pain Catastrophizing to Heart Rate Variability In Naturally Occurring Acute Pain
Authors: Steere Karin B. , Langford Dale J. , Collins Sean M. , Litwin Bini 
Published: September 2024

Objectives:
Behavioral factors of pain catastrophizing and perceived injustice are associated with pain intensity in chronic pain. Diminished heart rate variability (HRV) is also strongly associated with chronic pain. These factors have been less explored earlier in the pain experience and it is unclear whether they play a role in the transition from acute to chronic pain. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between pain catastrophizing, perceived injustice, pain intensity, and HRV in naturally occurring acute pain.

Materials and Methods:
Ninety-seven patients were recruited from local outpatient physical therapy clinics. Seated HRV was captured on 94 patients via Polar chest strap while patients were taking a survey via iPad. In addition to sociodemographic data, the survey included the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ), and Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). The natural log of high-frequency power (lnHFP) HRV was used in the statistical analysis.

Results:
Multiple linear regression modeling revealed that lower pain catastrophizing, higher perceived injustice, and lower pain intensity were associated with lower HRV, and accounted for 11.4% of the variance in HRV.

Discussion:
While greater chronic pain intensity is associated with lower HRV, the relationship is reversed in the setting of acute pain. These findings highlight the need to better understand the unique factors that contribute to lower HRV in the acute phase.
Comparison of learning curves and short-term outcomes: ROSA versus MAKO robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Kang Louis , Jeong Suin , Lee Ji Won , Geng Xue , Korostyshevskiy Valeriy , Boucher Henry R. 
Published: September 2024

Background:
With increasing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures performed in the US and improved techniques, robotic-assisted TKA has become more common. While current evidence supports the MAKO robotic arm system in TKA, fewer studies exist regarding the newer ROSA knee system, its learning curve, and clinical outcomes.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed 210 consecutive robotic-assisted TKA cases (95 ROSA, 115 MAKO) performed by a single surgeon at a single institution from February 7, 2017 to April 15, 2022. Patient demographics, operative data, and post-operative complications were collected. Additionally, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) (Oxford Knee Score, SF-12 Version 1, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for Joint Replacement) were collected preoperatively and postoperatively (6 mo and 1 y).

Results:
Steady state was reached at 9 cases in the ROSA group and at 6 cases in the MAKO group. The ROSA group’s operative time was statistically significantly longer than the MAKO group (97 vs. 91 mins, P=0.023). There were no significant differences between the ROSA and MAKO groups in terms of tourniquet use or patellar resurfacing. There were no statistically significant differences found between the two groups for PROs, 90-day complications, or all-time revision rates.

Conclusions:
ROSA and MAKO robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty both have minimal learning curve lengths of 9 and 6 cases, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in postoperative outcomes between the two robotic-assisted systems through 1-year post-surgery.
Temporary Reduction Assisting Corridor Constraint Wires for Intramedullary Nailing of Periarticular Fractures: A Technical Trick and Case Series
Authors: Serbin Ryan P. , Chandler Calvin , Averkamp Benjamin , Rieker Madeline , Yu Ziqing , Kempton Laurence B. , Hsu Joseph R. , Phelps Kevin D. 
Published: September 2024

Summary:
Achieving satisfactory alignment during intramedullary nailing of periarticular fractures can be technically challenging due to a combination of deforming forces and the lack of cortical contact by the nail in the articular segment metaphysis allowing malreduction to persist during nail passage. Although blocking screws are described to facilitate reduction, they risk impeding subsequent implant fixation. This article introduces an innovative Temporary Reduction Assisting Corridor Constraint Wires (TRACC-wires) technique to safely correct multiplanar deformities without limiting fixation options. A retrospective case series of 22 patients showed that TRACC-wires effectively facilitated anatomic alignment intraoperatively that was maintained after wire removal. Compared with other methods, advantages include (1) the ability to easily redirect, reposition, or remove (given instant access to the blocking device), (2) malleability of the wires during nail insertion, (3) small bony footprint, and (4) versatility for patient-specific correction. Outcomes support TRACC-wires as a valuable tool for trauma surgeons managing complex periarticular fractures.
Presentation to the Emergency Department Increases the Likelihood of Surgical Management of Minimally Displaced Gartland Type IIa Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fractures
Authors: Groothoff Jonathan D. , Kiritsis Nicholas R. , Bullock Garrett S. , Frino John , Hughes Michael S. , Mooney James F. , Marquez-Lara Alejandro 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Few studies have explored factors influencing the clinical decision-making process in the management of Gartland type IIa supracondylar humerus fractures (SCHFs). This study sought to determine whether the location of patient presentation and patient socioeconomic status are associated with the treatment of type IIa SCHFs.

Methods:
This was a retrospective review of 262 patients younger than 13 years of age seen for acute Gartland type II SCHFs between 2012 and 2022. Pre-treatment radiographs were reviewed to measure Baumann angle and the location of the anterior humeral line relative to the capitellum. Demographic characteristics and socioeconomic status, measured through Child Opportunity Index (COI) scores, were generated and logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between location of presentation and fracture management. Logistic regressions were also used to evaluate the relationship between COI and location of presentation and treatment.

Results:
137 male and 125 female patients met the inclusion criteria with a mean age of 5.95 (0.13) years at the time of presentation. Presentation to the emergency department (ED) demonstrated reduced odds of closed reduction and casting compared to outpatient clinic presentation [0.13 (95% CI: 0.02-0.98), P=0.048]. 27.5% of minimally displaced fractures that presented to the ED and 20.0% of minimally displaced fractures that presented to an outpatient clinic were treated surgically. There was no association between COI and the location of patient presentation [1.2 (95% CI: 0.9-1.5), P=0.226] or treatment received [1.04 (95% CI: 0.48-2.26), P=0.922].

Conclusion:
These results suggest that patients who present to the ED after type IIa SCHFs are more likely to receive surgical treatment. COI does not appear to be associated with the location of presentation or treatment received.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic level III.
Change in Facial Appearance, Function, and Quality of Life after Cleft Surgery: A Nigerian Multicenter Longitudinal Pilot Study
Authors: Michael Afieharo I. , Olusanya Adeola A. , Okoli Chinedu M. , Martins Bardi , Akintayo Akintunde J. , Onwuagha Ijeoma , Onah Ifeanyichukwu I. , Oluwatosin Odunayo M. 
Published: September 2024

Background:
We utilized the Cleft Questionnaire (CLEFT-Q) to determine the change in patient’s perception of facial appearance, facial function, and quality of life after surgery for cleft lip or cleft palate and factors associated with this change.

Methods:
A longitudinal pilot study of patients receiving surgery for cleft lip or cleft palate recruited from six participating tertiary hospitals in Nigeria between January 2022 and August 2023 was performed. The CLEFT-Q scores were obtained before surgery and 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Differences between the pre- and postsurgery scores were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank t test and a repeated measures analysis of variance to investigate factors associated with a difference in scores.

Results:
Thirty-four patients participated in the study. Most had primary procedures [24 (70.6)], and cleft palate repair was the predominant surgery done [28 (82.4%)]. There were statistically significant increases from preoperative to postoperative scores at 3, 6, and 12 months postsurgery for all facial function and quality-of-life subscale scores (P < 0.001–P = 0.04). Female sex, ethnicity, and nature of surgery were associated with significant differences in CLEFT-Q scores.

Conclusions:
Patients’ perception of their facial appearance, function, and quality of life improved significantly after surgery. Female sex, Hausa ethnic group, and need for secondary surgery were associated with lower quality-of-life scores. This study shows the potential of using the CLEFT-Q as a standardized tool for large-scale patient-reported outcomes cleft research in Nigeria.
Cognitive Performance is Associated With 1-Year Participation and Life Satisfaction Outcomes: A Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study
Authors: Gilmore Natalie , Bergquist Thomas F. , Bogner Jennifer , Corrigan John D. , Dams-O’Connor Kristen , Dreer Laura E. , Healy Brian C. , Juengst Shannon B. , Kumar Raj G. , O’Neil-Pirozzi Therese M. , Wagner Amy K. , Giacino Joseph T. , Edlow Brian L. , Bodien Yelena G. 
Published: September 2024

Objective:To determine, in persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI), the association between cognitive change after inpatient rehabilitation discharge and 1-year participation and life satisfaction outcomes.Design:Secondary analysis of prospectively collected TBI Model Systems (TBIMS) data.Setting:Inpatient rehabilitation and community.Participants:499 individuals with TBI requiring inpatient rehabilitation who completed the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT) at inpatient rehabilitation discharge (ie, baseline) and 1-year postinjury.Main Outcome Measures:Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools-Objective (PART-O) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS)Results:Of 2,840 TBIMS participants with baseline BTACT, 499 met inclusion criteria (mean [standard deviation] age = 45 [19] years; 72% male). Change in BTACT executive function (EF) was not associated with 1-year participation (PART-O; β = 0.087, 95% CI [−0.004, 0.178],P= .061) when it was the sole model predictor. Change in BTACT episodic memory (EM) was associated with 1-year participation (β = 0.096, [0.007, 0.184],P= .035), but not after adjusting for demographic, clinical, and functional status covariates (β = 0.067, 95% CI [−0.010, 0.145],P= .089). Change in BTACT EF was not associated with life satisfaction total scores (SWLS) when it was the sole model predictor (β = 0.091, 95% CI [−0.001, 0.182],P= .0503). Change in BTACT EM was associated with 1-year life satisfaction before (β = 0.114, 95% CI [0.025, 0.202],P= .012) and after adjusting for covariates (β = 0.103, [0.014, 0.191],P= .023). In secondary analyses, change in BTACT EF was associated with PART-O Social Relations and Out and About subdomains before (Social Relations: β = 0.127, 95% CI [0.036, 0.217],P= .006; Out and About: β = 0.141, 95% CI [0.051, 0.232],P= .002) and after (Social Relations: β = 0.168, 95% CI [0.072, 0.265],P< .002; Out and About: β = 0.156, 95% CI [0.061, 0.252],P< .002) adjusting for functional status and further adjusting for covariates (Social Relations: β = 0.127, 95% CI [0.040, 0.214],P= .004; Out and About: β = 0.136, 95% CI [0.043, 0.229],P= .004). However, only the models adjusting for functional status remained significant after multiple comparison correction (ie, Bonferroni-adjusted alpha level = 0.002).Conclusion:EF gains during the first year after TBI were related to 1-year social and community participation. Gains in EM were associated with 1-year life satisfaction. These results highlight the potential benefit of cognitive rehabilitation after inpatient rehabilitation discharge and the need for interventions targeting specific cognitive functions that may contribute to participation and life satisfaction after TBI.
Understanding the Relationship Between Comorbidities, Medication Nonadherence, Activities of Daily Living, and Heart Condition Status Among Older Adults in the United States: A Regression Analysis and Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Ruksakulpiwat Suebsarn , Thongking Witchuda , Kannan Naveen , Wright Ellis , Niyomyart Atsadaporn , Benjasirisan Chitchanok , Chiaranai Chantira , Smothers Christine , Aldossary Heba M. , Still Carolyn Harmon 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundNonadherence to medication among patients with heart disease poses serious risks, including worsened heart failure and increased mortality rates.ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the complex interplay between comorbidities, medication nonadherence, activities of daily living, and heart condition status in older American adults, using both traditional statistical methods and machine learning.MethodsData from 326 older adults with heart conditions, drawn from the Health and Retirement Study, were analyzed. Descriptive statistics characterized demographic profiles and comorbidities, whereas logistic regression, multiple regression analyses, and decision tree models were used to address our research inquiries. In addition, a machine learning approach, specifically decision tree models, was integrated to enhance predictive accuracy.ResultsOur analysis showed that factors like age, gender, hypertension, and stroke history were significantly linked to worsening heart conditions. Notably, depression emerged as a robust predictor of medication nonadherence. Further adjusted analyses underscored significant correlations between stroke and challenges in basic activities such as dressing, bathing, and eating. Depression correlated significantly with difficulties in dressing, bed mobility, and toileting, whereas lung disease was associated with bathing hindrances. Intriguingly, our decision tree model revealed that patients experiencing dressing challenges, but not toileting difficulties, were more prone to report no improvement in heart condition status over the preceding 2 years.ConclusionsBlending traditional statistics with machine learning in this study reveals significant implications for crafting personalized interventions to improve patients’ depression, leading to increased activities of daily living, medication adherence, reduced severity of comorbidities, and ultimately better management of heart conditions.
Develop, Sustain, and Evaluate the Training of Simulation Educators
Authors: Paige Jane B. , Graham Leslie , Sittner Barbara 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Developing the competency of simulation educators is critical for optimizing learner outcomes. Yet guidelines on how to sustain received simulation training and evaluate training programs are limited.

Purpose:
To examine the impact of a professional development workshop (PDW) aimed at individuals responsible for developing, sustaining, and evaluating simulation educator training programs.

Methods:
A longitudinal exploratory design was used, guided by the New World Kirkpatrick Model.

Results:
Seventy-seven participants from 6 countries and 5 professions participated at the outset of the study, with 56% completing the entire study at the 6-month mark. Significant changes in knowledge, confidence, and commitment were observed from pre-to-post PDW. Themes of personal capacity, supportive mechanisms, and embracing accountability were identified as facilitators to develop/evaluate training programs, whereas their absence acted as barriers.

Conclusions:
Develop a training program evaluation plan from the outset. Sustain the training of simulation leaders and educators through intentional processes that support, reinforce, monitor, and reward efforts.
The Influence of State Restrictions on Opioid Prescribing: 2006–2018
Authors: Cosler Leon E. , Midence Luis , Hayes Jacob J. , Gondeck Justin-Theodore , Moy Kaitlin , Chen Mei-Hsiu , Hogan John D. 
Published: September 2024

Objective
To measure the longitudinal effect of opioid restrictions on prescribing patterns at the state and regional levels.

Design
Health policy evaluation using a Poisson regression of opioid metrics from federal repositories to model what the estimated opioid counts are for the next fiscal year.

Setting
State-specific prescribed opioid counts between 2006 and 2018 from CDC reports; population data were obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau for 2006-2018; and opioid prescribing restrictions were extracted from published reports and state regulatory databases.

Intervention
Poisson regression models were fitted to assess the relationship of statewide restrictions on opioid prescribing counts adjusting for states’ population.

Main Outcome Measure
Estimated opioid counts provided by the Poisson regression model.

Results
Per capita rates of prescribed opioids peaked in 2012 at 86.2 per 100 population. Prescribing restrictions are associated with statistically significant decreases in opioid prescribing. Controlling for population and year, we found for every 100 opioid prescriptions in a state without restrictions, only 98 opioid prescriptions are expected for every additional year in a state with restrictions in place.

Conclusions
Contrary to other research conducted over a shorter study period, we found that restrictions do reduce opioid prescribing; however, a statistically significant change in rates may not be detectable in the early years after restrictions are enacted.
Improving ICD Coding in the Emergency Department: Factors Related to Use of “Unspecified” Codes for Head and Brain Injury
Authors: Wharton Tracy , Costello Emily Hunt , Peterson Alexis , Bleser Julia A. , Sarmiento Kelly , Bailey Morgan 
Published: September 2024

Context
International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes are used for billing but also for surveillance for injuries such as traumatic brain injuries (TBI). While specificity is possible in the ICD-10-CM scheme, use of the code for unspecified injury of head (SO9.9) remains high.

Objectives
This process evaluation sought to understand medical ICD-10-CM coding behaviors for TBI in emergency department (ED) settings.

Design
Semi-structured interviews explored the processes that facilitate or hinder ED physicians from selecting specific ICD codes for TBI and potential points of intervention for increased coding specificity and reducing the use of unspecified codes.

Setting
Video interviews were conducted with a nationwide sample in the United States.

Participants
A purposive snowball sampling strategy was used to recruit 26 ED physicians with experience diagnosing TBI.

Intervention
Semi-structured interviews identified factors related to the selection of specific ICD codes for head injury.

Main Outcome Measure
Thematic analysis of transcribed data.

Results
Four main themes emerged from the data: the impact of training and expertise, factors related to diagnosis, unclear connections with medical coders, and actionable recommendations. Interviews underscored the context surrounding “unspecified” codes for TBI, including demands from patient care, time pressures, issues around how a diagnosis may impact patient management decisions, and considerations related to mapping within the electronic medical record (EMR) where options may default to an unspecified code.

Conclusions
Findings from this analysis indicate that ED providers may benefit from more robust training on how documentation can better support ICD-10-CM coding for this type of trauma. Revised EMR structures could support efficient coding specificity and clarity.