bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MoNETA: MultiOmics Network Embedding for SubType Analysis
Authors: Scala Giovanni , Ferraro Luigi , Brandi Aurora , Guo Yan , Majello Barbara , Ceccarelli Michele 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Cells are complex systems whose behavior emerges from a huge number of reactions taking place within and among different molecular districts. The availability of bulk and single-cell omics data fueled the creation of multi-omics systems biology models capturing the dynamics within and between omics layers. Powerful modeling strategies are needed to cope with the increased amount of data to be interrogated and the relative research questions. Here, we present MultiOmics Network Embedding for SubType Analysis (MoNETA) for fast and scalable identification of relevant multi-omics relationships between biological entities at the bulk and single-cells level. We apply MoNETA to show how glioma subtypes previously described naturally emerge with our approach. We also show how MoNETA can be used to identify cell types in five multi-omic single-cell datasets.
Reversible-gel-assisted, ambient-pressure-dried, multifunctional, flame-retardant biomass aerogels with smart high-strength-elasticity transformation
Authors: Wang Ting , Zhan Ying-Jiao , Chen Ming-Jun , He Lei , An Wen-Li , Xu Shimei , Wang Wei , Shi Jian-Jun , Zhao Hai-Bo , Wang Yu-Zhong 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Bio-based aerogels, which are poised as compelling thermal insulators, demand intricate synthesis procedures and have limited durability under harsh conditions. The integration of smart stimuli–response transitions in biomass aerogels holds promise as a solution, yet remains a challenge. Here, we introduce a pioneering strategy that employs reversible-gel-assisted ambient-pressure drying without organic solvents to craft multifunctional bio-based aerogels. By exploiting the thermally reversible gelling propensity of select biomasses, we anchor emulsified bubbles within cross-linked hydrogels, circumventing surface tension issues during mild drying. The resultant aerogels feature a robust porous matrix that is imbued with stable bubbles, yielding low thermal conductivity, high flame retardancy and robust resistance to diverse rigors. This innovative approach facilitates a paradigm shift in intelligent fire protection in which aerogels transition from robust to flexible in response to water stimuli, effectively shielding against thermal hazards and external forces. This work opens up a facile, eco-friendly and mild way to fabricate advanced biomass aerogels with stimuli-responsive transformation.
Former jean sandblasters die younger
Authors: Aksakal A , Daharlı C , Topal B N , Kerget B , Kaşali K , Akgün M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Silicosis remains a critical public and occupational health issue, exacerbated by its expansion into non-traditional industries and resulting in significant global morbidity and mortality.

Aims
This study aims to investigate the death rates associated with silicosis from jean sandblasting by comparing the results of diagnosed individuals to those of the general population.

Methods
Conducted from 2008 to 2023 in Taşlıçay and Toklular villages, Bingöl City, Turkey, this retrospective cohort study analysed mortality among 220 diagnosed males versus 2851 undiagnosed residents. Data were derived from the Cohort database and validated with the Bingöl Provincial Health Directorate and the Turkish Statistical Institute. Statistical analysis involved univariate comparisons and survival analysis, utilizing the Mann–Whitney U-test, Kruskal–Wallis test and Cox proportional hazards model, with significance set at P &lt; 0.05.

Results
The analysis revealed a silicosis mortality rate of 10% in diagnosed individuals over 15 years, notably higher than the 4% in the general population. Higher radiological profusions and younger ages at diagnosis were significant mortality factors. A radiological profusion above five notably increased the mortality risk by 1.37 times, with age and radiological density proving critical in survival rates.

Conclusions
This research highlights the increased mortality risk in silicosis patients, particularly among former jean sandblasters, underscoring the significant effects of radiological density and early age exposure on mortality, thereby addressing a crucial gap in understanding the impact of silicosis on life expectancy and community health.
Environmental Sustainability in the Outpatient Clinic Setting
Authors: Sattler Matthew M , Abdelnour Monica , McKay Virginia R , Burnham Jason P 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article will highlight recent efforts published in the medical literature to promote environmental sustainability in the outpatient clinic setting, which are likely to be feasible for health professionals to implement in their own practices. These potential efforts are divided into 3 broad categories: (1) reducing travel to the clinic when feasible, (2) reducing waste production in the clinic, and (3) optimizing the use of high-value diagnostics and therapeutics. As research specifically related to interventions to promote environmental sustainability in outpatient clinics is relatively limited, health professionals are encouraged to continue sharing success stories from their own practice.
Rhythmic high-amplitude delta with superimposed spikes (RHADS): a treatment dilemma
Authors: Shukla Vanita , Webb Paul , AlMohaimeed Bashayer , Lee James , Boelman Cyrus 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Pathognomonic EEG patterns have been described in genetic conditions such as Angelman and Rett syndromes. EEG patterns along the ictal-interictal continuum have been increasingly recognized with the greater availability of continuous EEG monitoring; however, treatment decisions may be difficult with unpredictable clinical implications. Rhythmic High-Amplitude Delta Activity with Superimposed (Poly) Spikes (RHADS) has been described as a particular EEG pattern in POLG1 Alpers Syndrome. The balance between treating subclinical seizures and managing encephalopathy in these patients is challenging.
A Mother’s struggle: postpartum preeclampsia complicated by triple vessel spontaneous coronary artery dissection
Authors: Bettinotti Branco G M , Tegegn Mickias B , Razuk Victor , Bailey Som , Hann Rowena , Mendoza Cesar , Calfa Marian T , Colombo Rosario A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an important cause of acute coronary syndrome among young women, especially in the postpartum period. Pregnancy-Associated SCAD (P-SCAD), an aggressive subtype, frequently involves multi-vessel dissection, decreased left ventricular function, and higher mortality. Here we present a rare case of postpartum pre-eclampsia complicated by multi-vessel SCAD in a 40-year-old multiparous Haitian black woman. Diagnosis was established with coronary angiography which revealed spontaneous dissection of the left anterior descendant, left circumflex, and right coronary arteries. Given the patient remained hemodynamically stable no percutaneous coronary intervention was indicated. She experienced recurrent anginal symptoms during her hospitalization that were managed with the addition of clopidogrel. The pathophysiology of P-SCAD is not well understood and thought to be related to an increased state of hemodynamic stress and hormonal fluctuation. The role of pre-eclampsia as a risk factor remains poorly defined and warrants further investigation.
Anthracyclines-induced cardiotoxicity in patients with early breast cancer carrying germline BRCA1/2 mutation: the BRCAN study
Authors: Cortés-Salgado Alfonso , Serrano Juan José , Cordero Pereda David , Menacho Miriam , Del Rey José Manuel , del Campo-Albendea Laura , Saavedra Cristina , Chamorro Jesús , Rosero Diana , Sotoca Pilar , Guillén-Ponce Carmen , Guerra Eva , Fernández-Abad María , López-Miranda Elena , Martínez-Jáñez Noelia , Gion María , Salazar María Teresa , Agudo-Quílez Pilar , Garrido Pilar , Alonso Salinas Gonzalo Luis 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
BRCA1/2 genes play a critical role in genome stability and DNA repair. In animal models, loss of cardiomyocyte-specific BRCA1/2 is associated with DNA damage, apoptosis, cardiac dysfunction, and mortality following anthracycline exposure. However, whether these preclinical findings translate to humans remains unclear.

Objective
Assess the impact of germline BRCA1/2 (gBRCA1/2) status on anthracyclines-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) in patients with early breast cancer and no prior anti-HER2 therapy.

Methods
This single-center retrospective/prospective cohort study focused on early breast cancer patients, treated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy in the neo/adjuvant setting, no prior anti-HER2 therapy, and known gBRCA1/2 status, normal baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and no previous cardiovascular disease. Follow-up assessments involved myocardial dysfunction blood biomarkers (MDBB), transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), and quality of life (QoL) questionnaires. The primary objective was LVEF changes comparing BRCA1/2 mutation carriers (gBRCA1/2m) vs non-carriers (gBRCA1/2wt). Secondary objectives included differences in MDBB and QoL.

Results
A total of 137 patients were included (103 gBRCA1/2wt and 34 gBRCA1/2m). Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. Compared to baseline, LVEF% reduction was −4.7[−12.0, 0.0] vs −9.5[−18.0, −5.0] in gBRCA1/2wt vs gBRCA1/2m, (P = .027). After adjusting for confounders, the difference in reduction in LVEF remained statistically significant at −4.5 [95%CI, −8.6, −0.4; P = .032]. No differences between MDBB (C-reactive protein, hsTnI, NT-proBNP, D-Dimer, ST-2, or Galectine-3) or QoL (MLHFQ and EQ5-D index) were detected.

Conclusions
gBRCA1/2m patients could represent a higher-risk population for AIC. gBRCA1/2 status should be one of the factors to consider in deciding on adjuvant anthracycline necessity. This population could benefit from a cardio-oncology closer follow-up and cardioprotective strategies.
Recent Advances in Adaptation Genomics in Fumarole Fields: An Overlooked Extreme Environment
Authors: Nagasawa Koki , Setoguchi Hiroaki , Sakaguchi Shota 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Extreme environments and plants thriving in them, known as extremophytes, offer promising platforms for studying the diverse adaptive mechanisms that have evolved in plants. However, research on adaptation to extreme environments is still limited to those environments where model species or their relative can survive. Fumarole fields, an extreme environment often overlooked, are characterized by multi-hazardous abiotic stressors, including atmospheric contamination (high concentration of H2S, SO2 and CO2), high soil temperature (∼60°C) and strong soil acidification (pH = 2–3). These conditions make fumarole fields a rich source for studying stress tolerance mechanisms in plants. In this review, we highlight the recent ecological, physiological and genomic advances involved in fumarole field adaptation and discuss the forward avenues. The studies outlined in this paper demonstrate that the extreme levels of abiotic stressors found in fumarole fields make them unparalleled field laboratories for studying the unknown stress tolerance mechanisms, warranting further genomic assessments. Some studies succeeded in identifying genes associated with fumarole field adaptation and shedding light on evolutionary implications; however, they have also encountered challenges such as limited genome resources and high genetic differentiation from related species and/or neighboring populations. To overcome such difficulties, we propose integrating ecophysiological and genomic approaches, drawing from the recent studies in other extreme environments. We expect that further studies in the fumarole fields will contribute to broadening our general knowledge of the limits of life.
New metrics for governance in the era of earth observation data: Monitoring violations after wildfires
Authors: Corrado Germana , Corrado Luisa , Del Frate Fabio , De Santis Davide , Marazzi Francesca 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study uses Earth observation data to measure illegal activities and investigates possible relationships with local governments. We have collected satellite images, digital maps, and geospatial data for over a decade to detect potential illegal constructions in protected burned forest areas in Sardinia, Italy. We create a database of buildings erected in these protected areas and connect it to administrative data on local election results. First, we examine the climatic and geographical factors that contribute to wildfires. Our findings indicate that fires tend to spread more in places with higher altitudes and greater distances from urban centers. This highlights the challenges that local authorities face in monitoring and intervening in areas that are less accessible. Next, we analyze the relationship between mayoral turnover and constructions erected in protected burned forests to highlight how this phenomenon influences voters’ preferences. We observe that citizens express their disapproval of these illegal activities through the ballot box. Violations in the years leading up to local elections increase the likelihood of a change in mayoral leadership within a municipality.
Decoding roughness perception in distributed haptic devices
Authors: Chatterjee Sitangshu , Tan Sylvia , Choi Changhyun , Kuchibhotla Aditya , Wan Guangchao , Peshkin Michael A , Colgate J Edward , Hipwell M Cynthia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The ability to render realistic texture perception using haptic devices has been consistently challenging. A key component of texture perception is roughness. When we touch surfaces, mechanoreceptors present under the skin are activated and the information is processed by the nervous system, enabling perception of roughness/smoothness. Several distributed haptic devices capable of producing localized skin stretch have been developed with the aim of rendering realistic roughness perception; however, current state-of-the-art devices rely on device fabrication and psychophysical experimentation to determine whether a device configuration will perform as desired. Predictive models can elucidate physical mechanisms, providing insight and a more effective design iteration process. Since existing models (1, 2) are derived from responses to normal stimuli only, they cannot predict the performance of laterally actuated devices which rely on frictional shear forces to produce localized skin stretch. They are also unable to predict the augmentation of roughness perception when the actuators are spatially dispersed across the contact patch or actuated with a relative phase difference (3). In this study, we have developed a model that can predict the perceived roughness for arbitrary external stimuli and validated it against psychophysical experimental results from different haptic devices reported in the literature. The model elucidates two key mechanisms: (i) the variation in the change of strain across the contact patch can predict roughness perception with strong correlation and (ii) the inclusion of lateral shear forces is essential to correctly predict roughness perception. Using the model can accelerate device optimization by obviating the reliance on trial-and-error approaches.
It is about time! Exploring the clashing timeframes of politics and public policy experiments
Authors: Raudla Ringa , Sarapuu Külli , Vallistu Johanna , Harbuzova Nastassia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Although existing studies on experimental policymaking have acknowledged the importance of the political setting in which policy experiments take place, we lack systematic knowledge on how various political dimensions affect experimental policymaking. In this article, we address a specific gap in the existing understanding of the politics of experimentation: how political timeframes influence experimental policymaking. Drawing on theoretical discussions on experimental policymaking, public policy, electoral politics, and mediatization of politics, we outline expectations about how electoral and problem cycles may influence the timing, design, and learning from policy experiments. We argue electoral timeframes are likely to discourage politicians from undertaking large-scale policy experiments and if politicians decide to launch experiments, they prefer shorter designs. The electoral cycle may lead politicians to draw too hasty conclusions or ignore the experiment’s results altogether. We expect problem cycles to shorten politicians’ time horizons further as there is pressure to solve problems quickly. We probe the plausibility of our theoretical expectations using interview data from two different country contexts: Estonia and Finland.
Scattering of Kinks in Coreless Potentials
Authors: Karpíšek Ondřej Nicolas , Rafaj Lukáš , Blaschke Filip 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We explore the relevance of the central hill for a symmetric double-well potential and its impact on the scattering of kinks in a scalar field theory in (1+1) dimensions. This region controls the inner core structure of the kink. We study how the disappearance of analyticity in this region of the potential affects the resonant features in $K\bar{K}$ scattering.
A history of polymyalgia rheumatica: a narrative review
Authors: Shah Shirley , Rao Sinchna , Mackie Sarah L , Mukhtyar Chetan B 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is characterized by stiffness and pain in the shoulders, hips and neck and presents most commonly in the eighth decade. It can coexist with giant cell arteritis and the two diseases may share some pathophysiological mechanisms. This narrative review considers present-day ideas about PMR in a historical context, from the first names and descriptions of this disease entity, via successive generations of classification criteria sets, and finally to implications for clinical diagnosis. The characteristic distribution of musculoskeletal inflammation in PMR and its relationship to vasculitic and synovitic diseases have framed the way that PMR is described, classified, diagnosed and treated. A response to glucocorticoids is not specific to PMR and so it is important for rheumatologists to support general practitioners in making a definite diagnosis. Multi-stakeholder collaboration will improve current pathways for fast, accurate diagnosis and safe and effective treatment.
Proximity within adolescent peer networks predicts neural similarity during affective experience
Authors: Feldman Mallory J , Capella Jimmy , Dai Junqiang , Bonar Adrienne S , Field Nathan H , Lewis Kevin , Prinstein Mitchell J , Telzer Eva H , Lindquist Kristen A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Individuals befriend others who are similar to them. One important source of similarity in relationships is similarity in felt emotion. In the present study, we used novel methods to assess whether greater similarity in the multivoxel brain representation of affective stimuli was associated with adolescents’ proximity within real-world school-based social networks. We examined dyad-level neural similarity within a set of brain regions associated with the representation of affect including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), amygdala, insula, and temporal pole. Greater proximity was associated with greater vmPFC neural similarity during pleasant and neutral experiences. Moreover, we used unsupervised clustering on social networks to identify groups of friends and observed that individuals from the same (versus different) friend groups were more likely to have greater vmPFC neural similarity during pleasant and negative experiences. These findings suggest that similarity in the multivoxel brain representation of affect may play an important role in adolescent friendships.
Is science skepticism really about science?
Authors: Fuglsang Simon , Losi Lucilla 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Despite the recent rise in public and academic concern, science skepticism remains ill-defined. This paper sets out to further our understanding of science skepticism and to inform both academic research and policymaking. Departing from a review of the academic literature on conceptualizations of science skepticism, we employ Eurobarometer 2021 data to explore the characteristics of people holding skeptical attitudes concerning climate change and evolution. Replicating prior findings, we observe minor variations across sociodemographic characteristics. Moreover, science skepticism relates to general science attitudes in a nonuniform manner within and across issues, and interest in and engagement with science are nonuniformly related to skepticism. Furthermore, science skepticism is inconsistent in its relationship to both attitudes and relationships with science across contexts. Based on the heterogeneous nature of skepticism(s), we argue that research and policy should be careful in approaching science skepticism as a general negative predisposition toward science.
Surgical Margins of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers in Mohs Surgery: Dermoscopy Versus Naked Eye
Authors: Aoki Kawaiola C. , Lazzara Danielle , Bartos Gregory , Weiss Eduardo , Saleeby Eli R. 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) offers high cure rates for nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) but relies on precise margin assessment, traditionally initiated by the naked eye. Dermoscopy has emerged as a potential tool to improve margin delineation.

OBJECTIVE
To compare the efficacy of dermoscopic versus naked eye evaluation in marking initial MMS margins for NMSC.

METHODS
A multicenter, prospective study on patients with NMSC undergoing MMS was conducted. Patients were randomized into dermoscopy and naked eye groups. Statistical analysis was performed using statistical package for social sciences.

RESULTS
A total of 127 patients were enrolled, with 63 in the naked eye group and 64 in the dermoscopy group. No significant differences in age, sex distribution, or histological subtype were found. The average number of MMS stages and accuracy of initial margins were comparable between groups.

DISCUSSION
Despite its potential, the authors' study found no significant reduction in total MMS stages using dermoscopy. Novel imaging modalities or standardized dermoscopic criteria should be explored to enhance margin assessment accuracy and improve outcomes in NMSC treatment.

CONCLUSION
Dermoscopic evaluation of presurgical margins does not effectively assess lateral/deep margins nor contribute to a reduction in total MMS stages. Improving the authors' understanding of presurgical margin assessment techniques can lead to better treatment outcomes for NMSC.