bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Backprojection Uncertainties With M6 Earthquakes
Authors: Fan Wenyuan , Shearer Peter M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe investigate possible biasing effects of inaccurate timing corrections on teleseismic P wave backprojection imaging of large earthquake ruptures. These errors occur because empirically estimated time shifts based on aligning P wave first arrivals are exact only at the hypocenter and provide approximate corrections for other parts of the rupture. Using the Japan subduction zone as a test region, we analyze 46 M6–M7 earthquakes over a 10 year period, including many aftershocks of the 2011 M9 Tohoku earthquake, performing waveform cross correlation of their initial P wave arrivals to obtain hypocenter timing corrections to global seismic stations. We then compare backprojection images for each earthquake using its own timing corrections with those obtained using the time corrections from other earthquakes. This provides a measure of how well subevents can be resolved with backprojection of a large rupture as a function of distance from the hypocenter. Our results show that backprojection is generally very robust and that the median subevent location error is about 25 km across the entire study region (∼700 km). The backprojection coherence loss and location errors do not noticeably converge to zero even when the event pairs are very close (<20 km). This indicates that most of the timing differences are due to 3‐D structure close to each of the hypocenter regions, which limits the effectiveness of attempts to refine backprojection images using aftershock calibration, at least in this region.
Evaluation of MODIS Deep Blue Aerosol Algorithm in Desert Region of East Asia: Ground Validation and Intercomparison
Authors: Tao Minghui , Chen Liangfu , Wang Zifeng , Wang Jun , Che Huizheng , Xu Xiaoguang , Wang Wencai , Tao Jinhua , Zhu Hao , Hou Can 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe abundant dust particles from widespread deserts in East Asia play a significant role in regional climate and air quality. In this study, we provide a comprehensive evaluation of the widely used Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Deep Blue (DB) aerosol retrievals in desert regions of East Asia using ground‐based observations over eight sites of the China Aerosol Remote Sensing Network (CARSNET). Different from their well‐characterized performance in urban and cropland areas around the globe, DB aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals exhibit underestimation across the deserts in East Asia. We found that 38%–96% of satellite values fall out of an expected‐error envelope of ±(0.05 + 20%AODCARSNET), with the worst performance in Taklimakan Desert. In particular, DB retrievals erroneously give a nearly constant low values of 0.05 in Taklimakan Desert when AOD is below 0.5, which does not match with variation of moderate dust plumes. Comparison with Multi‐angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer AOD shows that a similar underestimation is prevalent over the extensive deserts. Inversion of sky light measurements show that single scattering albedos of the yellow dust in East Asia are mostly below 0.9 at 440 nm, much lower than the “whiter” and “redder” dust models applied in the DB algorithm. On the other hand, overestimation of surface reflectance dominantly contributes to the significant low constant AOD values in MODIS DB retrievals in Taklimakan Desert. These large biases, however, can be substantially reduced by considering unique characteristics of aerosols and surface over the arid regions in East Asia.
Classroom Student–Teacher Interaction
Authors: Myers Scott A. 
Published: September 2017

Student–teacher interaction, both in and out of the classroom, is influenced strongly by the teaching perspective embraced by the teacher. Within the instructional communication discipline, teaching can be viewed from two perspectives: the rhetorical perspective and the relational perspective (Mottet & Beebe 2006). Teachers whose student–teacher interaction is governed by the rhetorical perspective communicate with their students as a means to influence or persuade them. Communication is teacher‐centered, which means that teachers send a message to students who play a passive role as the recipient of the message. To communicate effectively with their students, teachers focus on teaching clearly, making course content relevant, and acting in an assertive manner (→ Teacher Clarity; Teacher Assertiveness). In essence, their in‐class communication behaviors center on performing their classroom functions as lecturer and discussion leader and managing the classroom.
Computer–User Interaction
Authors: Roskos‐Ewoldsen David R. 
Published: September 2017

The world wide web has revolutionized the ways in which people communicate (→ Exposure to the Internet; Internet). People can have simultaneous online chats with colleagues across the world. Yet, people often communicate with a single individual so the communication is in many ways like → Interpersonal Communication – except not face to face. Chatrooms have been created for many reasons, ranging from social interaction with liked others to sharing information about highly specific topics (→ Personal Communication by CMC). Likewise, web communities have sprung up within and around many different games. Massively multiplayer online games (MMOGs) – most notably
World of Warcraft
– have online communities within the games, such as the guilds that exist in
World of Warcraft
, and online communities that exist outside of the game to discuss the game. Even console‐based → video games such as the
Halo
franchise have online communities. Again, there are communities that exist to discuss
Halo
and there are communities that are created while playing the game online as people communicate with each other. Research on computer–user interaction has focused on how changes in the audience – mediated versus face‐to‐face – influence how people communicate with each other and the consequences of these differences (→ Exposure to Communication Content).
Doctor–Patient Talk
Authors: Robinson Jeffrey D. 
Published: September 2017

The world's leading medical schools and journals officially recognize that what doctors and patients say to each other, andhow they say it, dramatically affect the welfare of both patients and health‐care organizations. Within the discipline of communication (→ Health Communication) generally, and specifically within the sub‐field of → language and social interaction (LSI), the study of doctor–patient “talk” involves the study of all conduct‐in‐interaction between doctors and their patients. “Doctors” include all forms of formally institutionalized practitioners (e.g., medical doctor, acupuncturist), all specialties, and all levels of experience (e.g., residents). “Interaction” typically includes real‐time, voice‐to‐voice or face‐to‐face encounters, including some mediated ones (e.g., telemedicine). Encounters in which participants are not immediately co‐present (e.g., Internet‐based forms of textual communication) are studied less frequently because participants do not labor under the standard affordances and norms of interaction. “Conduct” includes all forms of verbal and nonverbal (e.g., artifactual) communication.
Combination of Capillaroscopic and Ultrasonographic Evaluations in Systemic Sclerosis: Results of a Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Lescoat Alain , Coiffier Guillaume , de Carlan Marine , Droitcourt Catherine , Ballerie Alice , Cazalets Claire , Perdriger Aleth , Jégo Patrick 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveTo compare microvascular damages on nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) with macrovascular manifestations evaluated by hand power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients, and to assess the associations of these damages with the main digital manifestations of the disease: digital ulcers, acroosteolysis, and calcinosis.MethodsNFC, hand radiographs, and PDUS were systematically performed in 64 unselected SSc patients. PDUS evaluation with assessment of ulnar artery occlusion (UAO) and finger pulp blood flow (FPBF) were performed blinded for the results of radiographs and NFC.ResultsUAO and pathologic FPBF were associated with severe capillary loss (<4 capillaries/mm) on NFC (odds ratio [OR] 4.04 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.23–13.29]; P < 0.05, and OR 3.38 [95% CI 1.03–11.05]; P < 0.05, respectively). Digital ulcer history was associated with UAO (OR 10.71 [95% CI 3.36–34.13]; P < 0.0001), pathologic FPBF (OR 7.67 [95% CI 2.52–23.28]; P < 0.0001), late NFC pattern (OR 6.33 [95% CI 2.03–19.68]; P = 0.001), and severe capillary loss (OR 8.52 [95% CI 2.15–33.78]; P = 0.001). Acroosteolysis was also associated with UAO (OR 15.83 [95% CI 3.95–63.54]; P < 0.0001), pathologic FPBF (OR 5.52 [95% CI 1.71–17.90]; P = 0.003), late NFC pattern (OR 6.86 [95% CI 2.18–21.53]; P = 0.001), and severe capillary loss (OR 7.20 [95% CI 2.16–24.02]; P = 0.001). Calcinosis on radiographs was associated with late NFC pattern (OR 5.41 [95% CI 1.82–16.12]; P = 0.002), severe capillary loss (OR 12.69 [95% CI 3.14–51.26]; P < 0.0001), and UAO (OR 3.19 [95% CI 1.14–8.92]; P = 0.025). Combination of UAO and severe capillary loss in the same patient was especially associated with digital ulcer history (OR 18.60 [95% CI 2.24–154.34]; P = 0.001) and acroosteolysis (OR 10.83 [95% CI 2.56–45.88]; P = 0.001).ConclusionMicrovascular damages evaluated by NFC and macrovascular features like UAO assessed by PDUS show concordant associations with the main digital manifestations of the disease.
Ultrafast Phase Transition Dynamics in Strained Vanadium Dioxide Films
Authors: Suess Ryan J. , Bingham Nicholas S. , Charipar Kristin M. , Kim Heungsoo , Mathews Scott A. , Piqué Alberto , Charipar Nicholas A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAn ultrafast insulator–metal–insulator phase transition cycle in epitaxially strained vanadium dioxide films is observed. The films are characterized by optoelectronic autocorrelation measurements that reveal a 400 fs transient change in response spanning two orders in magnitude. These findings suggest a predominantly electronic mechanism and demonstrate the promise of this material for optoelectronic applications requiring fast, high‐contrast switching.
Inkjet‐Printing: A New Fabrication Technology for Organic Transistors
Authors: Mattana Giorgio , Loi Alberto , Woytasik Marion , Barbaro Massimo , Noël Vincent , Piro Benoît 
Published: September 2017

AbstractInkjet‐printing is one of the most important fabrication techniques in the field of printed electronics. Its main advantages include the possibility of fabricating, at ambient conditions and by employing a digital layout, a large variety of electronic devices on different types of substrates, including flexible plastic ones. In this paper, the utilization of inkjet‐printing as an important fabrication tool for the realization of organic transistors and circuits/sensing systems based on such type of transistors is reviewed. The most important aspects of the fabrication process, including ink formulation, printing deposition, and postprinting treatment, are described in detail. The most significant examples of inkjet‐printed organic transistors of different types (field‐effect, electrolyte‐gated, and electrochemical) are presented and finally an overview of their applications as building blocks of more complex electronic circuits and systems for the detection and quantification of specific measurands is provided.
CO2 Reduction: From the Electrochemical to Photochemical Approach
Authors: Wu Jinghua , Huang Yang , Ye Wen , Li Yanguang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIncreasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is believed to have a profound impact on the global climate. To reverse the impact would necessitate not only curbing the reliance on fossil fuels but also developing effective strategies capture and utilize CO2 from the atmosphere. Among several available strategies, CO2 reduction via the electrochemical or photochemical approach is particularly attractive since the required energy input can be potentially supplied from renewable sources such as solar energy. In this Review, an overview on these two different but inherently connected approaches is provided and recent progress on the development, engineering, and understanding of CO2 reduction electrocatalysts and photocatalysts is summarized. First, the basic principles that govern electrocatalytic or photocatalytic CO2 reduction and their important performance metrics are discussed. Then, a detailed discussion on different CO2 reduction electrocatalysts and photocatalysts as well as their generally designing strategies is provided. At the end of this Review, perspectives on the opportunities and possible directions for future development of this field are presented.
Synthesis of Indenes that are Derived from Aldimines with Enones Under Rhodium(III) Catalysis
Authors: Han Sang Hoon , Kim Saegun , Mishra Neeraj Kumar , Oh Hyunjung , Choi Myung Hoon , Choi Dong Seok , Lim Hyeon Ju , Shin Dong Yeop , Kim In Su 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe rhodium(III)‐catalyzed C−H alkylation and intramolecular cyclization of aldimines with enones are described. This transformation provides direct access to the formation of C2‐carbonyl‐substituted indene derivatives with excellent site‐selectivity and functional group compatibility.
Contemporary Thailand–Japan Economic Relations: What Falling Japanese Investment Reveals About Thailand's Deep, Global Competition, State in the Context of Shifting Regional Orders
Authors: Hartley Ryan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis article centres on the nature of the Thai state amid a shifting global economic environment, examining it through the lens of foreign direct investment and specifically Japan's declining foreign direct into the kingdom since 2015. It posits that the Thai state is neither a liberal democracy nor a liberal capitalist model and is instead akin to a deep and global competition‐oriented state. Through this modality, the article examines recent drops in foreign investment, especially from Japan, and goes on to seek to explain said drops in foreign direct investment through a policy framework extracted from such a theoretical insight of the nature of the Thai state. The article concludes that falling foreign investment can be linked to the reception by Japan of recent policy imperatives and outputs in Thailand that operate on the level of a deep state–globality nexus.
Sustainable Development in Four East Asian Countries' Agricultural Sectors Post‐World War II: Measuring Nutrient Balance and Estimating the Environmental Kuznets Curve
Authors: Moriwaki Shota 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to measure agricultural waste and estimate the environmental Kuznets curve in four East Asian countries using time series data from the 1960s to the 2010s. Positive nutrient balance (NB) suggests there is pressure on arable land, causing water pollution and greenhouse gases. For crop farming, only China's NB per arable land unit (NBAL) has risen recently, while NB per product (NBP) in all four countries has declined. Regarding livestock farming, NBAL in all countries except Japan has risen. Even more recently, China's NBP has risen differently to other countries' movements. The estimation results of the environmental Kuznets curve suggest China's NBAL will rise continuously with gross domestic product per capita increases in crop farming. For livestock farming, the estimated indexes are confirmed to have worsened with the advance of economic growth.
Randomized clinical trial of laparoscopicversusopen pancreatoduodenectomy for periampullary tumours
Authors: Palanivelu C , Senthilnathan P , Sabnis S C , Babu N S , Srivatsan Gurumurthy S , Anand Vijai N , Nalankilli V P , Praveen Raj P , Parthasarathy R , Rajapandian S 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic resection as an alternative to open pancreatoduodenectomy may yield short-term benefits, but has not been investigated in a randomized trial. The aim of this study was to compare laparoscopic and open pancreatoduodenectomy for short-term outcomes in a randomized trial.MethodsPatients with periampullary cancers were randomized to either laparoscopic or open pancreatoduodenectomy. The outcomes evaluated were hospital stay (primary outcome), and blood loss, radicality of surgery, duration of operation and complication rate (secondary outcomes).ResultsOf 268 patients, 64 who met the eligibility criteria were randomized, 32 to each group. The median duration of postoperative hospital stay was longer for open pancreaticoduodenectomy than for laparoscopy (13 (range 6–30) versus 7 (5–52) days respectively; P = 0·001). Duration of operation was longer in the laparoscopy group. Blood loss was significantly greater in the open group (mean(s.d.) 401(46) versus 250(22) ml; P &lt; 0·001). Number of nodes retrieved and R0 rate were similar in the two groups. There was no difference between the open and laparoscopic groups in delayed gastric emptying (7 of 32 versus 5 of 32), pancreatic fistula (6 of 32 versus 5 of 32) or postpancreatectomy haemorrhage (4 of 32 versus 3 of 32). Overall complications (defined according to the Clavien–Dindo classification) were similar (10 of 32 versus 8 of 32). There was one death in each group.ConclusionLaparoscopy offered a shorter hospital stay than open pancreatoduodenectomy in this randomized trial. Registration number: NCT02081131(http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Early leaflet thrombosis complicating transcatheter implantation of a Sapien 3 valve in a native right ventricular outflow tract
Authors: Riahi Mounir , Blanke Philipp , Webb John , Carere Ronald G. 
Published: September 2017

A 59‐year‐old female with Tetralogy of Fallot had a previous complete repair with RVOT patch enlargement. She developed subsequent severe symptomatic (NYHA III) pulmonary regurgitation with severe RV dilatation. She had a concomitant interstitial lung disease secondary to hypersensitivity pneumonitis that precluded her from cardiac surgery. After preprocedural assessment using computed tomography, echocardiography and invasive angiography we decided to implant a 29 mm Edwards Sapien 3 valve without pre‐stenting. The Sapien 3 valve was implanted in a satisfactory position using rapid RV pacing. The valve appeared well expanded with good circularity on fluoroscopy. A transthoracic echocardiography on the following day showed no pulmonary regurgitation with a peak gradient of 14 mmHg across the prosthesis. At 4 weeks follow‐up, the patient felt a marked improvement (NYHA II) but a CT scan showed bileaflet valve thickening with preserved stent expansion. A concomitant echo‐doppler showed a significant increase of peak pulmonary gradient to 26 mmHg. After a six weeks course of warfarin therapy, the transpulmonary valve peak gradient came down to 16 mmHg and leaflet thickening resolved on CT.The Sapien 3 system helped achieve a successful transfemoral percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation in a challenging native RVOT anatomy. This case was complicated by early valve thrombosis as documented by CT and was successfully treated with oral anticoagulation.
Anion‐Directed Metallocages: A Study on the Tendency of Anion Templation
Authors: Wu Jing‐Yun , Zhong Ming‐Shiou , Chiang Ming‐Hsi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSelf‐assembly of Cu(NO3)2⋅3 H2O and di(3‐pyridylmethyl)amine (dpma) with addition of different acids (HNO3, HOAc, HCl, HClO4, HOTf, HPF6, HBF4, and H2SO4) afforded a family of anion‐templated tetragonal metallocages with a cationic prismatic structure of [(Gn−)⊂{Cu2(Hdpma)4}](8−n)+ (Gn−=NO3−, PF6−, SiF62−) with different ligating anions/solvents (NO3−, Cl−, ClO4−, OTf−, H2O) outside the cage. Systematic competitive experiments have rationalized the tendency of anion templation towards the formation of metallocages [(Gn−)⊂{Cu2(Hdpma)4}](8−n)+ as occurring in the order SiF62−≈PF6−>NO3−>SO42−≈ClO4−≈BF4−. This sequence is mostly elucidated by shape control over size selectivity and electrostatic attraction between the cationic {Cu2(Hdpma)4}8+ host and the anionic guests. In addition, these results have also roughly ranked the anion coordination ability in the order Cl−, ClO4−, OTf−>NO3−>BF4−, CH3SO4−. Magnetic studies of metallocages 1 t and 2–4 suggest that the fitted magnetic interaction, being weakly magnetically coupled overall, is interpreted as a result of the combination of intracage ferromagnetic coupling integrals and intercage antiferromagnetic exchange; both contributions are very weak and comparable in strength.
The Chameleonic Nature of Platinum(II) Imidazopyridine Complexes
Authors: Pinter Piermaria , Pittkowski Rebecca , Soellner Johannes , Strassner Thomas 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of cyclometalated C^C* platinum(II) complexes with unique photophysical properties, aggregation induced enhancement of the quantum yields with a simultaneous decrease of phosphorescence lifetimes, is reported. Additionally, a change of emission color is induced by variation of the excitation wavelength. The aggregation behavior of these complexes is controlled by the steric demand of the substituents. The photophysical properties of these complexes are investigated through emission‐excitation matrix analysis (EEM). The monomeric complexes are excellent room temperature phosphorescent blue emitters with emission maxima below 470 nm and quantum yields of up to 93 %.
Hyperglycemia on admission and hospitalization outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Akirov Amit , Grossman Alon , Shochat Tzipora , Shimon Ilan 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundWe evaluated the association of admission blood glucose (ABG) and mortality in patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) hospitalized for atrial fibrillation (AF).HypothesisHyperglycemia on admission is a bad prognostic marker in patients with AF.MethodsObservational data were collected from electronic records of patients age ≥ 18 years hospitalized for AF in 2011–2013. Twelve‐month data were available in all cases. ABG levels were classified as follows: 70 to 110 mg/dL, normal; 111 to 140 mg/dL, mildly elevated; 141 to 199 mg/dL, moderately elevated; ≥200 mg/dL, markedly elevated. Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess overall survival by ABG categories, adjusted for study variables. Primary outcome measure was mortality at end of follow‐up.ResultsThe cohort included 1127 patients (45% male; median age, 75 ± 13 years), of whom 331 had DM. Mortality rates by ABG levels were 19% (77/407 patients), normal ABG; 26% (92/353 patients), mildly elevated ABG; 28% (69/244 patients), moderately elevated ABG; and 41% (50/123 patients), markedly elevated ABG. Data were analyzed for the entire cohort following adjustment for age, sex, CHADS2 score, ischemic heart disease, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Compared with normal ABG, the adjusted hazard ratio for mortality was higher in patients with moderately elevated ABG (2.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.19‐7.94, P < 0.05) and markedly elevated ABG (1.6, 95% confidence interval: 1.02‐5.31, P < 0.05).ConclusionsIn patients with and without DM hospitalized for AF, moderately to markedly elevated ABG levels are associated with increased mortality.