bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
4 inch 11 μm high-quality AlN thick films grown on nanopatterned sapphire substrates
Authors: Yao Lei , Xu Yu , Wang Yuning , Wang Guobin , Xu Jianxi , Chen Jingjing , Wang Liang , Guo Shiping , Cao Bing , Ke Xu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A high-quality AlN thick film with 11 μm thickness and low defect density was grown on a 4 inch hexagonal hole nano-patterned sapphire substrate by metal oxide chemical vapor deposition. The density of dislocation etch pits in the AlN heteroepitaxial film reached 1.1 × 107 cm−2. The surface and microstrcutres of the AlN thick film were characterized in detail. The dislocation evolution mechanism and stress evolution of AlN were investigated. Dislocations were mainly generated at the interface between the sapphire and AlN, and the voids above the patterned region were generated by the undesirable grain boundaries caused by the lateral epitaxy of AlN and the substrate during the growth process, which prompted a large number of screw dislocations to bend and merge, and while some mixed dislocations to merge and extend upwards, resulting in a high-quality AlN thick film.
High current density 1.2 kV class HfO2-gated vertical GaN trench MOSFETs
Authors: Binder Andrew T. , Steinfeldt Jeffrey , Reilly Kevin J. , Floyd Richard S. , Dickens Peter T. , Klesko Joseph P. , Allerman Andrew A. , Kaplar Robert J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This work reports on high current density 1.2 kV class HfO2-gated vertical GaN trench metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). An output current density of 330 mA mm−1 is reported at a drain bias of five volts, which, to our knowledge, is over ten-times the highest reported values for 1.2 kV class GaN or SiC MOSFETs. This work also showcases a significant achievement in demonstrating substantially thick (100 nm) HfO2 on GaN with simultaneous low leakage current (0.5 nA at 2 MV cm−1), a high breakdown strength (5.2 MV cm−1), and a high recorded dielectric constant (22.0).
Pencegahan dan Penanganan Kasus Pedikulosis Kapitis di Lingkungan Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Farindra Irmawan , Rusdi Warda Elmaida , Putri Winawati Eka , Saffanah Vena Saksia Prima , Nailuvar Revani Yuni , Putri Salsabil Nabila Wigayana , Ramadhany Rahmat Rizal , Krismawati Amelia 
Published: October 2024

<p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong> </p><p><em>Pedikulosis kapitis masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di masyarakat, terutama pada kelompok usia anak dan remaja. Beberapa faktor resiko seperti lingkungan yang pada penduduk dan kurangnya pola hidup bersih dan sehat dikaitkan dengan cepatnya penyebaran penyakit ini dalam suatu komunitas. Tujuan utama dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat sekaligus untuk mengetahui prevalensi kejadian pedikulosis kapitis di lingkungan Pondok Pesantren Al-Fattah Sekaran Lamongan. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan memberikan penyuluhan dan pemeriksaan kesehatan pada santriwati. Sebanyak 70 santriwati menjadi sasaran peserta kegiatan ini. Penyuluhan dilakukan dengan melakukan presentasi mengenai pengetahuan umum terkait pedikulosis kapitis. Pre-test dan post-test diberikan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan peserta sebelum dan sesudah diberikan penyuluhan<span style="text-decoration: line-through;">.</span> </em><em>Skrining infeksi </em><em>pedikulosis</em><em> kapitis juga dilakukan kepada seluruh peserta dengan metode wawancara serta observasi langsung pada bagian kepala peserta</em><em>. Hasil analisis terhadap jawaban pre-test dan post-test peserta menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan peserta. Rata-rata hasil jawaban peserta mengalami peningkatan yang sebelumnya 7,56% pada pre-test menjadi 8,94% pada post-test. Sebanyak 70 santriwati berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan dan total 41 santriwati (58,6%) teridentifikasi mengalami infeksi kutu rambut melalui observasi langsung. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan sebanyak 38 responden (92,7%) mengalami keluhan rasa gatal di bagian kepala. </em></p><p><em> </em><strong>Kata kunci<em>: </em></strong><strong><em>Faktor Resiko, Kebersihan Diri, Kutu Rambut, Pedikulosis Kapitis, Remaja.</em></strong></p>
Gambaran Tingkat Stress pada Lansia di UPT Pelayanan Sosial Tresna Werdha Khusnul Khotimah Pekanbaru Tahun 2021
Authors: Tampubolon Lindawati F. , Simorangkir Lindawati , Octavia Have been 
Published: October 2024

Tekanan yang disebabkan oleh stres, seperti penyesuaian terhadap perubahan yang dilakukan oleh lansia, menyebabkan stres pada lansia. Stres terkait usia terkait dengan rutinitas harian yang berubah, status sosial, isolasi sosial, dan kesehatan mental yang memburuk. Lansia mengalami penurunan kesehatan fisik dan mental yang progresif, dan bagi sebagian dari mereka, penurunan ini dapat membuat stres karenal mereka tidak dapat menyesuaikan diri dengan perubahan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat stres lansia di UPT Pelayanan Sosial Tresna Werdha Khusnul Khotimah Pekanbaru. Metodologi deskriptif kuantitatif digunakan dalam jenis desain penelitian ini. Populasi penelitian ini adalahl ansia di UPT Pelayanan Sosial Tresna Werdha Khusnul Khotimah Pekanbaru dengan rentang usia 60-80 tahun. Dengan menggunakan metode sampling random langsung, 67 orang menjadi sampel penelitian ini. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April 2021. Kuesioner DASS 42 berfungsi sebagai alat ukur studi (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42). Dalam penelitian ini, distribusi frekuensi dan penyajian data demografi dianalisis dengan menggunakan satu variabel. Hasil temuan mengungkapkan 67 lansia di UPT Pelayanani Sosial Tresna Werdhai Khusnul Khotimahi Pekanbaru atau 100 persen termasuk dalam kelompok stres ringan. Disarankan kepada lansia di UPT Dinas Sosial Tresna Werdhai Khusnul Khotimah Pekanbaru membentuk kelompok atau bekerja sama dengan lansia lainnya untuk melakukan kegiatan yang bermanfaat dan produktif.
Contextual cuing survives an interruption from an endogenous cue for attention
Authors: Beesley Tom , Earl Louise , Butler Hope , Sharp Inez , Jaceviciute Ieva , Luque David 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThree experiments explored how the repetition of a visual search display guides search during contextual cuing under conditions in which the search process is interrupted by an instructional (endogenous) cue for attention. In Experiment 1, participants readily learned about repeated configurations of visual search, before being presented with an endogenous cue for attention towards the target on every trial. Participants used this cue to improve search times, but the repeated contexts continued to guide attention. Experiment 2 demonstrated that the presence of the endogenous cue did not impede the acquisition of contextual cuing. Experiment 3 confirmed the hypothesis that the contextual cuing effect relies largely on localized distractor contexts, following the guidance of attention. Together, the experiments point towards an interplay between two drivers of attention: after the initial guidance of attention, memory representations of the context continue to guide attention towards the target. This suggests that the early part of visual search is inconsequential for the development and maintenance of the contextual cuing effect, and that memory representations are flexibly deployed when the search procedure is dramatically interrupted.
Pengaruh Financial Distress, Politicall Connection, Foreign Activty, dan Audit Committee Terhadap Tax Avoidance
Authors: Dj Yunus Muhammad Ichfan , Amalia Sari Fala Dwi Yana , Hormati Asrudin 
Published: October 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh Financial Distress, Politicall Connection, Foreign Activity, dan Audit Committee terhadap Tax Avoidance. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2018 - 2022. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 35 yang diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah data kuantitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah data sekunder yaitu berupa laporan keuangan tahunan yang bisa didapat pada situs web Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Alat uji yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi data panel dengan menggunakan Eviews 12 sebagai alat uji statistik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Financial Distress berpengaruh negatif terhadap tax avoidance, (2) Politicall Connection berpengaruh positif terhadap tax avoidance, (3) Foreign Activity tidak berpengaruh terhadap tax avoidance, (4) Audit Committee tidak berpengaruh terhadap tax avoidance.
Superphot+: Real-time Fitting and Classification of Supernova Light Curves
Authors: de Soto Kaylee M. , Villar V. Ashley , Berger Edo , Gomez Sebastian , Hosseinzadeh Griffin , Branton Doug , Campos Sandro , DeLucchi Melissa , Kubica Jeremy , Lynn Olivia , Malanchev Konstantin , Malz Alex I. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Photometric classifications of supernova (SN) light curves have become necessary to utilize the full potential of large samples of observations obtained from wide-field photometric surveys, such as the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and the Vera C. Rubin Observatory. Here, we present a photometric classifier for SN light curves that does not rely on redshift information and still maintains comparable accuracy to redshift-dependent classifiers. Our new package, Superphot+, uses a parametric model to extract meaningful features from multiband SN light curves. We train a gradient-boosted machine with fit parameters from 6061 ZTF SNe that pass data quality cuts and are spectroscopically classified as one of five classes: SN Ia, SN II, SN Ib/c, SN IIn, and SLSN-I. Without redshift information, our classifier yields a class-averaged F
1-score of 0.61 ± 0.02 and a total accuracy of 0.83 ± 0.01. Including redshift information improves these metrics to 0.71 ± 0.02 and 0.88 ± 0.01, respectively. We assign new class probabilities to 3558 ZTF transients that show SN-like characteristics (based on the ALeRCE Broker light-curve and stamp classifiers) but lack spectroscopic classifications. Finally, we compare our predicted SN labels with those generated by the ALeRCE light-curve classifier, finding that the two classifiers agree on photometric labels for 82% ± 2% of light curves with spectroscopic labels and 72% ± 0% of light curves without spectroscopic labels. Superphot+ is currently classifying ZTF SNe in real time via the ANTARES Broker, and is designed for simple adaptation to six-band Rubin light curves in the future.
Deciphering the Kinematic Substructure of Local Dark Matter with LAMOST K Giants
Authors: Zhu Hai , Guo Rui , Shen Juntai , Liu Jianglai , Liu Chao , Xue Xiang-Xiang , Zhang Lan , Mao Shude 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Numerical simulations indicate that correlations exist between the velocity distributions of stars and dark matter (DM). We study the local DM velocity distribution based on these correlations. We select K giants from LAMOST DR8 cross-matched with Gaia DR3, which have robust measurements of velocity and metallicity, and separate them into the disk, halo substructure, and isotropic halo components in the chemodynamical space utilizing the Gaussian mixture model. The substructure component is highly radially anisotropic and possibly related to the Gaia–Enceladus–Sausage (GES) merger event, while the isotropic halo component is accreted from the earliest mergers following the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution (standard halo model [SHM]). We find that the GES-like substructure contributes ∼85% of the local nondisk stars in the solar neighborhood, which is nearly invariant when applying different volume cuts or additional angular momentum constraints. Utilizing the metallicity–stellar mass relation and the stellar mass–halo mass relation, we find that

∼

25

−
15

+
24

%

of local DM is in the kinematic substructure. Combined with the stellar distributions of nondisk components, we modify the heliocentric velocity distribution of local DM. It shifts to a lower speed with a sharper peak compared to the SHM and updates the detection limits of DM direct detection experiments. We discuss extensively the degeneracies present in the GMM fitting and propose that more kinematic and chemical information such as α abundance could help to break the degeneracy in the future. Our work confirms that the local DM velocity distribution deviates significantly from the SHM and needs to be properly accounted for in the DM detection experiments.
Pre-peak Emission in Tidal Disruption Events
Authors: Huang 黄 Xiaoshan 小珊 , Davis Shane W. , Jiang 姜 Yan-fei 燕飞 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The rising part of a tidal disruption event light curve provides unique insight into early emission and the onset of accretion. Various mechanisms are proposed to explain the pre-peak emission, including shocks from debris interaction and reprocessing of disk emission. We study the pre-peak emission and its influence on the gas circularization by a series of gray radiation hydrodynamic simulations with varying black hole mass. We find that, given a super-Eddington fallback rate of

10

M

̇

Edd

, the stream–stream collision can occur multiple times and drive strong outflows of up to

9

M

̇

Edd

. By dispersing gas to ≳100r

s
, the outflow can delay gas circularization and leads to sub-Eddington accretion rates during the first few stream–stream collisions. The stream–stream collision shock and circularization shock can sustain a luminosity of ∼1044 erg s−1 for days. The luminosity is generally sub-Eddington and shows a weak correlation with accretion rate at early times. The outflow is optically thick, yielding a reprocessing layer with a size of ∼1014 cm and photospheric temperature of ∼4 × 104 K.
Photospheric Prompt Emission from Long Gamma Ray Burst Simulations. III. X-Ray Spectropolarimetry
Authors: Parsotan Tyler , Lazzati Davide 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
While gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have the potential to shed light on the astrophysics of jets, compact objects, and cosmology, a major set back in their use as probes of these phenomena stems from our incomplete knowledge surrounding their prompt emission. There are numerous models that can account for various observations of GRBs in the gamma-ray and X-ray energy ranges, due to the flexibility in the number of parameters that can be tuned to increase agreement with data. Furthermore, these models lack predictive power that can test future spectropolarimetric observations of GRBs across the electromagnetic spectrum. In this work, we use the MCRaT radiative transfer code to calculate the X-ray spectropolarimetric signatures expected from the photospheric model for two unique hydrodynamic simulations of long GRBs. We make time-resolved and time-integrated comparisons between the X-ray and gamma-ray mock observations, shedding light on the information that can be obtained from X-ray prompt emission signatures. Our results show that the T
90 derived from the X-ray light curve is the best diagnostic for the time that the central engine is active. We also find that our simulations reproduce the observed characteristics of the Einstein Probe–detected GRB 240315C. Based on our simulations, we are also able to make predictions for future X-ray spectropolarimetric measurements. Our results show the importance of conducting global radiative transfer calculations of GRB jets to better contextualize the prompt emission observations and constrain the mechanisms that produce the prompt emission.
Data-driven Simulation of Effects of a Solar Flare with Extreme-ultraviolet Late Phase on Ionospheric Electron Density
Authors: Liu Xuanqing , Qian Liying , Chamberlin Phillip C. , Chen Yao , Kong Xiangliang , Zhang Qing-He , Li Shuhan , Liu Jing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Effects of the extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) late phase of solar flares on the ionosphere were rarely studied. Here we simulated such effects on the ionospheric electron density using an ionosphere−thermosphere coupled model driven by the realistic solar spectrum observed during the X1.8 flare on 2012 October 23. Global total electron content (TEC) observations and simulations showed that the dayside ionospheric TEC during the EUV late phase increased more than that of the flare’s main phase. We examined the performance of the model for flares with EUV late phase. The results showed that the F-region electron density enhancement and recovery did not vary in the same pace as the temporal variations of the EUV late phase, and the presence of the EUV late phase prolonged the recovery of electron density by ∼9 hr. We also found that the enhancement in electron density was mainly determined by the chemical production, while the recovery of electron density was primarily controlled by the electric field transport effects. This study enhanced understanding of the intricate physical and photochemical processes governing Earth’s space environment and similar planetary systems during solar flare events with EUV late phase.
Mapping the Longitudinal Magnetic Field in the Atmosphere of an Active Region Plage from the Inversion of the Near-ultraviolet CLASP2.1 Spectropolarimetric Data
Authors: Li Hao , del Pino Alemán Tanausú , Trujillo Bueno Javier , Ishikawa Ryohko , Alsina Ballester Ernest , McKenzie David E. , Belluzzi Luca , Song Donguk , Okamoto Takenori J. , Kobayashi Ken , Rachmeler Laurel A. , Bethge Christian , Auchère Frédéric 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We apply the HanleRT Tenerife Inversion Code to the spectropolarimetric observations obtained by the Chromospheric Layer Spectropolarimeter. This suborbital space experiment measured the variation with wavelength of the four Stokes parameters in the near-ultraviolet spectral region of the Mg ii h and k lines over a solar disk area containing part of an active region plage and the edge of a sunspot penumbra. We infer the stratification of the temperature, the electron density, the line-of-sight velocity, the microturbulent velocity, and the longitudinal component of the magnetic field from the observed intensity and circular polarization profiles. The inferred model atmosphere shows larger temperature and electron density in the plage and the superpenumbra regions than in the quiet regions. The shape of the plage region in terms of its brightness is similar to the pattern of the inferred longitudinal component of the magnetic field in the chromosphere, as well as to that of the overlying moss observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly in the 171 Å band, which suggests a similar magnetic origin for the heating in both the plage and the moss region. Moreover, this heating is particularly significant in the regions with larger inferred magnetic flux. In contrast, in the superpenumbra, the regions with larger electron density and temperature are usually found in between these regions with larger magnetic flux, suggesting that the details of the heating mechanism in the chromosphere of the superpenumbra may be different from those in the plage, but with the magnetic field still playing a key role.
The Primary Flare Following a Stellar Collision in a Galactic Nucleus
Authors: Brutman Yuval , Steinberg Elad , Balberg Shmuel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
High-velocity stellar collisions near supermassive black holes may result in a complete disruption of the stars. The initial disruption can have energies on par with supernovae and power a very fast transient. In this work, we examine the primary flare that follows the initial transient, which arises when streams of gas from the disrupted stars travel around the central black hole and collide with each other on the antipodal side with respect to the original collision. We present a simple analytic estimate for the properties of the flare, which depends on the distance of the collision from the central black hole and on the center of mass velocity of the colliding stars. We also present the first-of-their-kind radiation-hydrodynamics simulations of a few examples of stellar collisions and postcollision flow of the ejected gas and calculate the expected bolometric light curves. We find that such postcollision flares are expected to be similar to flares that arise in tidal disruptions events of single stars.
Mechanism of Circular Polarization in Giant Pulses and Fast Radio Bursts
Authors: Wu Hui-Chun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Some giant pulses and fast radio bursts (FRBs) exhibit notable circular polarization, which remains unexplained and carries significant implications for their emission mechanisms. In this study, we identify multiple nanoshot pairs uniformly spaced by approximately 21 μs within a giant pulse emitted by the Crab pulsar. Among these pairs, a subset displays left-hand and right-hand circular polarization in two distinct nanoshots. We propose that the occurrence of such nanoshot pairs with dual circular polarizations arises from the fragmentation of a linearly polarized nanoshot along the magnetic field lines under the extreme Faraday effect, leveraging highly asymmetrical pair plasma and the ultra-intense field of nanoshots. The asymmetry in pair plasmas is likely linked to discharge activities in pulsars. Moreover, the intense field of nanoshots induces cyclotron resonance within the magnetosphere, effectively slowing down the propagation velocity of the circularly polarized mode. Our findings suggest that Crab giant pulses composing nanoshots originate in its polar cap region and escape the magnetosphere along the polar magnetic field. This mechanism can also elucidate the origin of circular polarization in some FRBs and thus lends support to their magnetospheric origin.
Improving Undergraduate Nursing Testing Practice by Developing a Peer-Review Methodology
Authors: Manocchi Patricia , Turick-Gibson Theresa , Grust Patricia 
Published: October 2024

Background
Nursing tests are considered a high-stakes method of evaluating students' mastery of learned concepts and a means to prepare students for the licensing examination. After observing a downward trend in nursing program graduates' NCLEX-RN pass rates, an increase in test question issues, and anticipating the NCLEX-RN changes to the NGN format in 2023, the department sought to increase test quality.

Method
Using shared governance, faculty mentorship, and evidence-based test practices, a testing methodology and process was created by implementing a test review committee.

Results
Implementation of the test review committee demonstrated a significant improvement in the quality of tests administered, facilitated improved faculty test development, and increased student preparedness for the 2023 NGN examination by demonstrating a 100% pass rate.

Conclusion

Although implementing the test review committee and changing test practice required continued faculty support and mentorship, the outcome produced a standardized quality testing process that demonstrated student success.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(10):679–685.]