bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pericyte‐derived bone morphogenetic protein 4 underlies white matter damage after chronic hypoperfusion
Authors: Uemura Maiko T. , Ihara Masafumi , Maki Takakuni , Nakagomi Takayuki , Kaji Seiji , Uemura Kengo , Matsuyama Tomohiro , Kalaria Raj N. , Kinoshita Ayae , Takahashi Ryosuke 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSubcortical small vessel disease (SVD) is characterized by white matter damage resulting from arteriolosclerosis and chronic hypoperfusion. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) is dysregulated in the hereditary SVD, CARASIL (cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy). However, very little is known about the role of the largest group in the TGFB superfamily – the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) – in SVD pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to characterize signaling abnormalities of BMPs in sporadic SVD. We examined immunostaining of TGFB1 and BMPs (BMP2/BMP4/BMP6/BMP7/BMP9) in a total of 19 post‐mortem human brain samples as follows: 7 SVD patients (4 males, 76–90 years old); 6 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients (2 males, 67–93 years old) and 6 age‐matched disease controls (3 males, 68–78 years old). We subsequently investigated the effects of oxygen–glucose deprivation and BMP4 addition on cultured cells. Furthermore, adult mice were subjected to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion using bilateral common carotid artery stenosis, followed by continuous intracerebroventricular infusion of the BMP antagonist, noggin. In the SVD cases, BMP4 was highly expressed in white matter pericytes. Oxygen–glucose deprivation induced BMP4 expression in cultured pericytes in vitro. Recombinant BMP4 increased the number of cultured endothelial cells and pericytes and converted oligodendrocyte precursor cells into astrocytes. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in vivo also upregulated BMP4 with concomitant white matter astrogliogenesis and reduced oligodendrocyte lineage cells, both of which were suppressed by intracerebroventricular noggin infusion. Our findings suggest ischemic white matter damage evolves in parallel with BMP4 upregulation in pericytes. BMP4 promotes angiogenesis, but induces astrogliogenesis at the expense of oligodendrocyte precursor cell proliferation and maturation, thereby aggravating white matter damage. This may explain white matter vulnerability to chronic hypoperfusion. The regulation of BMP4 signaling is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating SVD.
Guided bone regeneration with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 9 loaded on either deproteinized bovine bone mineral or a collagen barrier membrane
Authors: Saulacic Nikola , Fujioka‐Kobayashi Masako , Kobayashi Eizaburo , Schaller Benoit , Miron Richard J. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundRecombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 9 (rhBMP9) has been considered the most osteoinductive growth factor of the BMP‐family and has much translation potential for guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedures.PurposeThe aim of this study was to compare bone formation using rhBMP9 loaded with different carrier systems including deprotenized bovine bone mineral (BioOss, BO) or collagen barrier membranes (BioGide, BG) in a rabbit GBR model.Materials and methodsrhBMP9 was loaded either on BO; named BO/BMP9, or BG; named BG/BMP9 to investigate the better carrier system for rhBMP9. New bone formation was quantified in a rabbit calvarial defect model using four groups; (1) control (empty, n = 9), (2) BO + BG (n = 9), (3) BO/BMP9 + BG (n = 9; BMP9 loaded onto BO), and (4) BO + BG/BMP9 (n = 9; BMP9 loaded onto BG) by radiographically and histologically at 8 weeks post‐surgery.ResultsBoth BO/BMP9 + BG and BO + BG/BMP9 samples significantly promoted new bone formation when compared to BO + BG samples based on parameters including mineralized tissue volume by microCT analysis, as well as new bone height and new bone area by histomorphometry. Interestingly, BO + BG/BMP9 samples but not BO/BMP9 + BG achieved near perfect horizontal bone defect closure, while demonstrating new bone layers in the defect areas implanted with BG materials and bone formation around BO materials.ConclusionBoth BO and BG positively induced bone formation with rhBMP9 in an experimental rabbit GBR model when compared to BO + BG alone. This study revealed that BG‐loaded with rhBMP9 promoted better wound closure when compared to BO‐loaded with rhBMP9. GBR procedures with growth factors may thus benefit from loading rhBMP9 onto BG‐collagen barrier membranes when compared to BO‐bone grafting particles. Future large animal studies with different types of bone grafts and barrier membranes are needed to further investigate these trends.
Donor co‐ordination or donor confusion? How disputed facts and problem framing affect the prospects for aid harmonization
Authors: Sjöstedt Martin , Sundström Aksel 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA declared commitment in international development assistance is to promote donor co‐ordination. Yet, how this objective plays out in practice, or how feasible and realistic it is, have rarely been evaluated. Using the fisheries sector as a critical case, this article explores whether two major international actors, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Bank, meet the demands of policy harmonization as spelled out in the Paris Declaration on aid effectiveness. Through a systematic qualitative analysis, the article investigates whether the policies of these actors are complementary or contradictory. It also assesses how the potential challenges to harmonization can be understood and what the broader implications for aid and development policies in general might be.
Oral impacts on daily performance: Validity, reliability and prevalence estimates among Indian adolescents
Authors: Nagarajappa R , Batra M , Sanadhya S , Daryani H , Ramesh G 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundDental diseases negatively influence people's oral health‐related quality of life and thus their perceived need for dental care.ObjectivesTo test the validity and reliability of an Indian version of Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) index for college students and to identify age and sex‐specific OIDP prevalence estimates.MethodsCross‐sectional descriptive survey was conducted among 800 professional and non‐professional bachelor degree college students of Udaipur, India aged between 17 and 24 years. Oral health‐related quality of life among the college students was assessed through OIDP, tested for validity and reliability and then prevalence rates were estimated. Chi square test was employed for statistical analysis. Cronbach's alpha was found to be 0.82.ResultsSixty percent subjects reported at least one oral impact in last 6 months with overall mean OIDP score of 2.49±3.92. The most commonly affected performances were cleaning teeth (24%) and eating (12%). A significant association in oral impacts on daily performances among college students was observed with age (P=.001) but not with gender (P=.053).ConclusionsThe validity and reliability of OIDP and also the prevalence of oral health‐related impacts were found to be high. OIDP index showed acceptable psychometric properties in the context of an oral health survey among Indian college students.
Quantifying the swelling properties of alkali‐silica reaction (ASR) gels as a function of their composition
Authors: Gholizadeh‐Vayghan Asghar , Rajabipour Farshad 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSynthetic alkali‐silica reaction (ASR) gels were produced and tested to investigate the effects of chemical composition (Ca/Si, Na/Si, and K/Si atomic ratios) on the gels’ free swelling strain (εg,fr) and restrained swelling pressure (Prs). The gels were cast into disk‐shape molds and exposed to distilled water after curing. Each gel's εg,fr was recorded over a period of 28 days, followed by measuring Prs, defined as the pressure required to fully reverse and eliminate the gel's free swelling under a drained configuration. Regression models were developed linking gels compositions to their swelling properties. The outcomes show that Na/Si and K/Si monotonically increase εg,fr. Increasing Ca/Si up to 0.23 drastically reduces εg,fr; higher Ca/Si has modest effect on free swelling. Prs increases by increasing calcium up to a pessimum Ca/Si level; Prs decreases for higher Ca/Si. The value of (Ca/Si)pess is related to the alkali content of the gel. Prs also increases by increasing the gel's alkali content, while a (Na/Si)pess exists in the range 0.85‐0.95. These observations are linked with the roles of alkalis and calcium in modifying the silica gel network.
Treatment of pulmonary sinus cusp‐derived ventricular arrhythmia with reversed U‐curve catheter ablation
Authors: Yang Yufan , Liu Qiming , Liu Zhenjiang , Zhou Shenghua 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe origin of pulmonary sinus cusp (PSC)‐derived ventricular arrhythmia (VA) is a highly specialized anatomical structure; therefore, insertion of the radiofrequency ablation catheter tip to the target site to ensure safe ablation is a major challenge for clinicians.PurposeTo summarize ablation methods, and provide valuable experience for the treatment of PSC‐derived VA with ablation.MethodsA retrospective analysis and summary of the clinical data of 15 patients undergoing catheter ablation for PSC‐derived VA in Cardiac Intervention Therapy Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between January 2013 and July 2015 was conducted.ResultsFor the 15 patients, the PSC‐derived VA originated from the lower regions of the pulmonary sinuses, leading from the right, left, and anterior sinuses of the PSC in 4, 6, and 5 patients, respectively. Nine patients with PSC‐derived VAs originating from the right and anterior sinuses underwent successful reversed U‐curve catheter ablation, while the other six cases with arrhythmias originating from the left sinus underwent successful ablation with the conventional method (nonreversed U‐curve catheter ablation). All the patients were followed‐up for 6–31 months, and no cases of recurrence or complications occurred.ConclusionsReversed U‐curve catheter ablation is suitable for VAs originating from the right and anterior PSCs, while conventional ablation can also be used for those originating from the left PSCs.
BMP9 induces osteogenesis and adipogenesis in the immortalized human cranial suture progenitors from the patent sutures of craniosynostosis patients
Authors: Song Dongzhe , Zhang Fugui , Reid Russell R. , Ye Jixing , Wei Qiang , Liao Junyi , Zou Yulong , Fan Jiaming , Ma Chao , Hu Xue , Qu Xiangyang , Chen Liqun , Li Li , Yu Yichun , Yu Xinyi , Zhang Zhicai , Zhao Chen , Zeng Zongyue , Zhang Ruyi , Yan Shujuan , Wu Tingting , Wu Xingye , Shu Yi , Lei Jiayan , Li Yasha , Zhang Wenwen , Wang Jia , Lee Michael J. , Wolf Jennifer Moriatis , Huang Dingming , He Tong‐Chuan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe cranial suture complex is a heterogeneous tissue consisting of osteogenic progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow and suture mesenchyme. The fusion of cranial sutures is a highly coordinated and tightly regulated process during development. Craniosynostosis is a congenital malformation caused by premature fusion of cranial sutures. While the progenitor cells derived from the cranial suture complex should prove valuable for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying suture development and pathogenic premature suture fusion, primary human cranial suture progenitors (SuPs) have limited life span and gradually lose osteoblastic ability over passages. To overcome technical challenges in maintaining sufficient and long‐term culture of SuPs for suture biology studies, we establish and characterize the reversibly immortalized human cranial suture progenitors (iSuPs). Using a reversible immortalization system expressing SV40 T flanked with FRT sites, we demonstrate that primary human suture progenitor cells derived from the patent sutures of craniosynostosis patients can be efficiently immortalized. The iSuPs maintain long‐term proliferative activity, express most of the consensus MSC markers and can differentiate into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages upon BMP9 stimulation in vitro and in vivo. The removal of SV40 T antigen by FLP recombinase results in a decrease in cell proliferation and an increase in the endogenous osteogenic and adipogenic capability in the iSuPs. Therefore, the iSuPs should be a valuable resource to study suture development, intramembranous ossification and the pathogenesis of craniosynostosis, as well as to explore cranial bone tissue engineering.
Bilastine: a new H1‐antihistamine with an optimal profile for updosing in urticaria
Authors: Church M.K. , Labeaga L. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis review set out to examine published papers detailing the efficacy of bilastine in skin models and urticaria to assess whether it meets the optimal profile for updosing in urticaria, that is, strong clinical efficacy and freedom from unwanted side effects, particularly sedation. Bilastine is a highly effective H1‐antihistamine even when used at the basic dose of 20 mg daily. Its facilitated uptake after oral dosage gives it a rapid onset and long duration of action. In both wheal and flare studies and in urticaria updosing fourfold showed increased effectiveness. With respect to somnolence, bilastine is a substrate for P‐glycoprotein, a membrane pump which prevents it crossing the blood–brain barrier. Consequently, bilastine is a practically ‘non‐sedating’ H1‐antihistamine. In conclusion, the excellent profile of bilastine in both efficacy and safety make it the ideal H1‐antihistamine for updosing the daily dose fourfold in difficult‐to‐treat urticaria as recommended by the EAACI/GA2LEN/EDF/WAO guideline for the management of urticaria.
Family Formation and Close Social Ties Within Religious Congregations
Authors: Gurrentz Benjamin T. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe study of family and religion has yet to elaborate on the social ties that connect these two important and changing institutions. Specifically, how does family formation (i.e., marriage and childrearing) impact social ties to religious communities? Using longitudinal data from the Portraits of American Life Study (2006–2012) and fixed effects regression models that control for time‐stable heterogeneity (N = 1,314), this study tests the effects of marriage and childrearing on changes in close congregational social ties. Fixed effects estimates suggest that marriage actually decreases close social ties to religious congregations, whereas rearing children within marital unions increases them. Thus, it is children, not marriage per se, that actually integrates married couples into religious communities. These contrasting effects tend to be the strongest among young adults, but they weaken with age as well as marital duration.
Investigating the role of discrete emotions in silence versus speaking up
Authors: Kirrane Melrona , O'Shea Deirdre , Buckley Finian , Grazi Adele , Prout Joanne 
Published: May 2017

Silence in the workplace is a highly prevalent behaviour, but more is needed to understand the causes and consequences of such behaviour. In this article, we draw on theory and research to examine the role of discrete emotions in decisions to remain silent or to speak up. Three studies with full‐time employees were carried out utilizing both qualitative and experimental methodologies. Study 1 (n = 110) demonstrated that there are many reasons for being silent and established fear as the main emotion associated with silence behaviour. Building on the results of Study 1 and using a quasi‐experimental vignette design, Study 2 (n = 142) confirmed that different silence motives provoke different emotional experiences. Exploring the behavioural effects of emotions using a further experimental design, Study 3 (n = 80) showed that anger is an antecedent to speaking up about an observed transgression, whereas less intense anger was associated with staying silent. This pattern was not evident for fear. Taken together, these three studies provide empirical data regarding the relationship between silence, emotions, and actions. We contribute to theory and research at the intersection of silence, emotions, and behaviour and offer valuable insights into the dynamics of these concepts in the workplace.Practitioner pointsOur study demonstrates that employees are silent for many reasons and that managers need to be sensitive to the multiple motives driving silence behaviourManagers need to be aware that silence provokes specific emotions, with fear and anger being particularly common emotional consequences of silence.Employees are more likely to take action when emotions are intense and so managers need to incorporate a sensitivity to employee emotions in understanding worker silence and voice
Introduction to proceedings of healthy futures: engaging the oral health community in childhood obesity prevention national conference
Authors: Tinanoff Norman , Holt Katrina 
Published: May 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) has worked to ensure that all children have healthy weights. To promote this goal, the RWJF has supported the Healthy Futures: Engaging the Oral Health Community in Childhood Obesity Prevention National Conference, held on November 3‐4, 2016, and the proceeding of this conference. The goals of the conference were to increase understanding of the science focusing on oral health and childhood obesity, increase understanding of how to prevent childhood obesity, and provide opportunities to network and plan activities to prevent childhood obesity.MethodsThe papers prepared for the conference identified through systematic reviews or scoping reviews the state of the science related to preventing childhood obesity and reducing children's consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages and strategies that oral health professionals and organizations can employ prevent childhood obesity.ResultsCauses of childhood obesity are multifactorial and include genetic components, environmental and lifestyle variables, and nutritional factors. Dental caries also is caused by a combination of factors, including cariogenic diet, inadequate fluoride exposure, a susceptible host, and the presence of caries‐causing bacteria in the oral cavity. One key risk factors for both obesity and caries is excessive sugar consumption.ConclusionsTo reduce the risk of obesity and dental caries in children, health professionals and parents need to be aware of the sugar content of processed foods and beverages as well as of current daily sugar‐consumption recommendations. Additionally, oral health professionals must become more engaged in identifying children who are at risk for obesity and dental caries; and provide education, screening and referral to reduce these risks.
On the C‐property and ‐representations of risk measures
Authors: Gao Niushan , Xanthos Foivos 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe identify a large class of Orlicz spaces for which the topology fails the C‐property introduced by Biagini and Frittelli. We also establish a variant of the C‐property and use it to prove a ‐representation theorem for proper convex increasing functionals, satisfying a suitable version of Delbaen's Fatou property, on Orlicz spaces with . Our results apply, in particular, to risk measures on all Orlicz spaces other than .
Very low prevalence of iron deficiency among young French children: A national cross‐sectional hospital‐based survey
Authors: Sacri Anne‐Sylvia , Hercberg Serge , Gouya Laurent , Levy Corinne , Bocquet Alain , Blondel Béatrice , Vincelet Catherine , Hebel Pascale , Vinatier Isabelle , de Montalembert Mariane , Barros Henrique , Le Strat Yann , Chalumeau Martin 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAlthough iron deficiency (ID) is considered the most frequent micronutrient deficiency in industrialized countries and is associated with impaired neurodevelopment when occurring in early years, accurate recent estimations of its prevalence are lacking. Our objective was to estimate ID prevalence and associated sociodemographic markers in young children in France. The Saturn‐Inf national cross‐sectional hospital‐based survey recruited 3,831 French children <6 years old between 2008 and 2009 to assess lead poisoning prevalence and to establish a biobank. This secondary analysis measured serum ferritinemia (SF) in sera kept frozen at −80 °C for children with sufficient serum aliquots and C‐reactive protein <10 mg/L. For the 657 participating children (17% of the Saturn‐Inf study), the median age was 3.9 years (interquartile range: 2.2–5.1); 52% were boys. The median SF was 44 μg/L (interquartile range: 28–71). ID prevalence was 2.8% (95% confidence interval [1.7, 4.7]) and 3.2% (95% confidence interval [2.0, 5.1]) with an SF threshold of 10 and 12 μg/L, respectively. Low SF was significantly associated (p < .05) with mother being a migrant (32 vs. 45 μg/L for a mother born in France) or unemployed (37 vs. 50 μg/L for a mother employed).In this first national cross‐sectional hospital‐based study in France, ID prevalence was much lower than that in other French and European studies performed in underprivileged populations but close to the lowest values observed in other population‐based studies in Europe.
Esophagogastric junction in systemic sclerosis: A study with the functional lumen imaging probe
Authors: Fynne L. , Liao D. , Aksglæde K. , Lottrup C. , Gregersen H. , Bjerregaard N. C. , Drewes A. M. , Krogh K. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundFibrosis and atrophy of esophageal smooth muscle cells cause gastro‐esophageal reflux and dysphagia in most patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Recent studies indicate that distensibility of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ), assessed with the Functional Lumen Imaging Probe (FLIP) may be a more sensitive and accurate measure of sphincter function than manometry. We aim to describe and compare distension parameters of the EGJ in a well‐characterized group of patients with SSc.MethodTwelve patients with SSc reporting reflux or dysphagia (11 women, median age 53 [range 35‐72], duration of disease: 1‐20 years) were investigated using distensibility testing of the EGJ. Patients were compared with 11 healthy volunteers (HV) (10 women, median age 53 [range 40‐68]). The pressure and minimum diameter along the EGJ during ramp distension were used for distensibility analysis.Key ResultsPatients with SSc had significantly lower EGJ yield pressure (median: 4.0 mm Hg [Inter Quartile Range (IQR): 2.8‐7.7]) than HV (median: 6.2 mm Hg [IQR: 9.4‐26]) (P=.007). Likewise, the pressure‐strain elastic modulus was lower in SSc patients (median 1.73 kPa [IQR: 1.16‐2.15]) than in HV (median 2.41 kPa [IQR: 1.85‐2.67]) (P=.03), indicating the reduced resistance to distension in SSc patient.Conclusion & InferencesPatients with SSc and symptoms of reflux and dysphagia have significantly reduced resistance to distension of the EGJ.
Local Content Requirements Versus Tariff Equivalents: How We Measure Matters
Authors: Flaig Dorothee , Stone Susan F. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis article develops a mechanism to measure the impact of local content requirements as quantitative restrictions. We compare effects of the novel quantitative approach to the effects of a tariff equivalent, which is more traditionally used to analyse these types of policies. Local content requirements increase output and value added in the affected sector, but at the expense of other sectors, leading to declines in GDP and trade across the economy. Comparing the two modelling approaches, the differences in outcomes are shown to be significant.