bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ELLIS Study: Comparative Analysis of Excimer Laser Coronary Angioplasty and Intravascular Lithotripsy on Drug-Eluting Stent as Assessed by Scanning Electron Microscopy
Authors: Rivero-Santana Borja , Galán Carlos , Pérez-Martínez Claudia , Ibañez Borja , Pérez de Prado Armando , Fernández-Velasco María , Moreno Raúl , Jurado-Roman Alfonso 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
Stent underexpansion is a significant challenge in percutaneous coronary intervention, critically impacting patient outcomes. While excimer laser coronary angioplasty (ELCA) and intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) are increasingly used to address this issue, their full impact on the integrity of drug-eluting stents remains unclear, raising concerns about their safety and efficacy.

METHODS:
This in vitro study assessed the effects of ELCA and IVL on the structural integrity of drug-eluting stents using scanning electron microscopy. Nine stents, 5 Onyx Frontier (with durable circumferential polymer coating) and 4 Cre8 (polymer-free), were implanted in a 3-dimensional coronary artery simulator following standardized protocols. After implantation, treatments with saline-ELCA, contrast-ELCA, IVL, and high-pressure balloon dilatation were applied. A comprehensive evaluation of the stent surface was performed at 60-fold magnification.

RESULTS:
Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed significant differences in polymer damage between the techniques. High-pressure balloon dilatation and contrast-ELCA exhibited substantial polymer fragmentation and detachment compared with IVL, saline-ELCA, and conventional dilatation. High-pressure balloon dilatation demonstrated the highest incidence of polymer shaving and overcoating. No significant alterations were observed in polymer-free stents, regardless of the technique used.

CONCLUSIONS:
IVL and saline-ELCA applied immediately after stent implantation produce minimal polymer damage, whereas high-pressure balloon dilatation and contrast-ELCA cause significant damage to the polymer coating. The integrity of polymer-free drug-eluting stent appears stable regardless of the technique used. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore their clinical implications.
Hobbes Reimagined: New Materialism, Ethics and Political Theory
Authors: Bustamante Kuschel Gonzalo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This contribution to a symposium on Samantha Frost’s Lessons from a Materialist Thinker considers her innovative reinterpretation of Thomas Hobbes’s philosophy, situating him as a precursor of New Materialism. Frost’s reading emphasizes Hobbes’s conception of human beings as ‘thinking bodies’ inextricably intertwined with their environment. This materialist conception leads to a relational, peace-oriented ethic rooted in our interdependence. Frost’s interpretation is contrasted with those of Arash Abizadeh and Stephen Darwall. Abizadeh identifies two normative dimensions in Hobbes’s ethics: the prudential and the juridical. This perspective highlights the role of contractual obligations, which is less prominent in Frost’s interpretation. Darwall’s projectivist interpretation suggests that Hobbes saw ethical judgments as projections of our desires onto the world, which potentially challenges Frost’s materialist reading. While acknowledging the tensions between these interpretations, it is argued that Frost’s reinterpretation offers valuable insights for addressing contemporary ethical and political challenges.
Demystifying Higher Education: An Analysis of Competing Perspectives in Institutional Theory
Authors: CAI Yuzhuo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper scrutinises and interprets the competing perspectives arising from institutional analysis in higher education studies. Contradictory views in this field include the perception of converging trends versus escalating diversification, and the view of universities as entities resisting change contrasted with those characterised by continual evolution or innovation. These different viewpoints are methodically examined, informed by a wide range of literature on institutional theory and institutional analysis in higher education. In endeavouring to reconcile these divergent perspectives, this paper illuminates the intricacies of institutional behaviour in higher education. The theoretical discussions also pave the way for developing a holistic approach to institutional analysis in the field of higher education research.
Navigating Parallel Intellectual Universes: An Example of Academic Freedom
Authors: YANG Rui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Illustrating first the profound impact of Western learning on China’s contemporary knowledge system, this article points out that modern education in China is a mix of Chinese and Western intellectual traditions. In an era of globalization with unprecedented human connectivity, it argues for a bi/multi-cultural intellectual mind for non-Western scholars to navigate between Western and their own traditions. Citing academic freedom as an example, this article posits that it does not make much sense to judge one intellectual tradition according to another. In order for Western concepts and theories to work well in non-Western societies, scholars need to develop a deep understanding of both. Such an argument has strong implications for how to observe China and Chinese education.
Can Transport Infrastructure Improve Enterprise Energy Efficiency? Evidence From China
Authors: Du Zhili , Xu Chongchong , Zhang Yishun , Lin Boqiang 
Published: October 2024

As an advanced social development capital, transportation plays a vital role in promoting regional development. Concurrently, the business activities of enterprises intimately relate to these transportation services. Utilizing road construction to improve the energy efficiency of enterprises, therefore, becomes a critical way to promote the transformation of the economy from high-speed development to high-quality development. Existing studies primarily focus on the impact of transport infrastructure on productivity, while few papers focus on the impact mechanism of transport infrastructure on energy efficiency. To delve deeper into the internal relationship between transportation and regional economic development, this paper explores the effect of transport infrastructure on energy utilization efficiency at the enterprise level. Based on the environmental pollution data of Chinese industrial enterprises from 2001 to 2011, this paper analyzes the impact of transport infrastructure on enterprises’ energy efficiency and verifies the impact mechanism. The results show that the construction and improvement of urban road facilities can significantly improve firm energy utilization efficiency. Compared to low-energy consumption sectors, the impact of transportation infrastructure on the energy efficiency of high-energy consumption industry enterprises is notably more pronounced. A closer examination of the impact mechanism revealed that both industrial agglomeration and the cost effect are pivotal mechanisms through which transportation infrastructure affects enterprise energy efficiency. JEL Classification: D21, L91, Q40, Q51
Efficient Frontiers for Short-term Sales of Spot and Forward Wind Energy in Texas
Authors: Cao Kang Hua , Qi Han , Woo Chi-Keung , Zarnikau Jay , Li Raymond 
Published: October 2024

Texas’s windfarm construction continues unabated, despite wind energy’s cannibalization effect on wind generation’s investment incentive and the rising popularity of short-term wind power purchase agreements (PPAs). Using ERCOT’s monthly data for Jan-2011 to Dec-2021, we develop spot energy price forecasts by time of day (TOD) and their standard deviations to derive the efficient frontiers (EFs) for spot and forward energy sales of a risk-averse windfarm developer under a short-term wind PPA of not more than ten years. These EFs reveal a windfarm’s operating revenue forecast tends to increase with the PPA’s forward energy prices. Further, the windfarm’s revenue risk and forecast move in tandem, akin to the risk-return relationship rooted in Markowitz’s portfolio theory. Hence, the developer tends to sell one hundred percent (<100%) of the windfarm’s energy output at forward energy prices that are above (below) spot energy price forecasts by TOD for recovering wind generation’s levelized cost of energy. JEL Classification: Q41, Q42, Q47, Q48
Large Right Subclavian Artery Aneurysm Presenting in a Young Patient
Authors: Ahmed-Issap Amber , Garg Mukesh , Warwick Richard , Kabeer Muhammad , Allouni Abdel Kader , Pherwani Arun 
Published: October 2024

Subclavian artery aneurysms are extremely rare, accounting for less than 1% all of peripheral aneurysms. They are often due to atherosclerosis or thoracic outlet syndrome and present at an average age of 47 years. Here, we present an incidental finding of an 18 mm rapidly increasing aneurysm involving the first and second part of the right subclavian artery in a woman in her 20s. To our knowledge, this is the youngest patient presenting with a right subclavian artery aneurysm who underwent surgical resection of the aneurysm with repair using interposition graft and successful re-implantation of the vertebral artery with antegrade flow. This report highlights the multidisciplinary care between vascular, interventional radiology and cardiothoracic teams at our tertiary hospital due to the complex nature of the aneurysm.
Time to incident hypertension and independent predictors among people living with HIV in Nigeria
Authors: Ajayi Oluseye Ayodele , Okonkwo Prosper , Ojo Temitope Olumuyiwa , Ajayi Oluwaseun Kikelomo , Ogunsola Olabanjo , Osayi Emmanuel , Onwuatuelo Ifeyinwa , Samuels Jay Osi 
Published: October 2024

Background: Understanding the time to hypertension occurrence after antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation in people living with HIV (PLHIV) and its determinants is important for designing interventions for control. Objective: This study sought to estimate the median time of ART use to hypertension onset and its predictors in Nigerian PLHIV. Design: A retrospective longitudinal study. Methods: This retrospective review of 2503 normotensive adult PLHIV (⩾18 years) from 2004 to 2020 in two HIV clinics in Nigeria. Incident hypertension was based on clinical diagnosis or two consecutive blood pressure readings ⩾140/90 mmHg, taken during the 8 months of data collection. Survival event was defined as incident hypertension during follow-up or interview day for observed patients unless they were right censored. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to estimate the survival probabilities of hypertension. The Cox proportional hazard model was fitted to identify predictors of hypertension at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 2503 PLHIV was followed up. The majority were females (74.6%) and on Dolutegravir-based therapy (93.0%). About 22 (0.9%) were diabetic. Median age at ART initiation was 35 (interquartile range: 29–41) years. The median period of follow-up was 12.0 ± 3.9 years. The cumulative incidence of hypertension was 32.5% (381/2540), with an incidence rate of 40.1/1000 person-years. The median time to incident hypertension was 17.0 years (95% CI: 12.5–21.5 years). Shorter hypertension-free survival times were seen in males, those aged 60+, with diabetes, unsuppressed viral load, history of tuberculosis, other opportunistic infections, or co-trimoxazole use. Significant risk factors included male sex (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1–1.6), middle age (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.7–3.2), old age (AOR = 5.6, 95% CI = 3.9–8.4), and unsuppressed viral load (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.3–2.7). Conclusion: Hypertension is commoner among PLHIV with unsuppressed viral load, males, and persons older than 40 years. Effective ART with viral suppression remains essential. Incorporating regular hypertension screening and treatment into HIV care is necessary for optimum health outcomes.
Interstitial lung disease induced by exogenous agents: factors governing susceptibility
Authors: Nemery B. , Bast A. , Behr J. , Borm P.J.A. , Bourke S.J. , Camus Ph. , De Vuyst P. , Jansen H.M. , Kinnula V.L. , Lison D. , Pelkonen O. , Saltini C. 
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this review is to describe the present state of knowledge regarding host susceptibility factors that may determine the occurrence, development and severity of interstitial lung disease (ILD) caused by exogenous agents.First, host susceptibility may pertain to differences in the delivery and/or persistence of the noxious agent in the lung. The deposition and clearance of inhaled particles or fibres may vary depending on innate anatomical or physiological characteristics, and on acquired changes, such as nasal disease or smoking-induced alterations. Genetically- or environmentally-induced interindividual differences in the expression of pulmonary biotransformation enzymes may form the basis for, or contribute to the risk of, drug-induced interstitial lung disease.Secondly, there are genetic and acquired variations in various enzymatic and nonenzymatic defence systems that protect cells and tissues against oxidative stress, which is often involved in the pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease caused by particles, fibres, metals, organic agents and drugs.Thirdly, the occurrence of immunological sensitization is dependent on both genetic and environmental factors. This has been demonstrated in chronic beryllium lung disease and in hypersensitivity pneumonitis.Fourthly, the propensity of individuals to develop particular types of inflammation, such as granulomas, is probably under genetic control. The regulation and resolution of inflammation and fibrogenesis caused by dust particles are also partly determined by genetic factors, involving cytokine networks and growth factors.In conclusion, although the issue of genetics pervades the entire discussion of host susceptibility, genes are not the only determinants of health and disease. Environmental factors may be equally important in shaping host susceptibility. Therefore, research must be focused on both the genetic bases and the environmental determinants of interstitial lung disease, in order to provide mechanism-based prevention strategies, early detection of, and improved therapy for these conditions.
Cell immobilization for enhanced milk clotting enzyme production from Bacillus amyloliquefacien and cheese quality
Authors: Karam Eman A. , Hassan Mohamed E. , Elattal Nouran A. , Kansoh Amany L. , Esawy Mona A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Milk clotting enzymes, essential for milk coagulation in cheese production, are obtained from the stomach of young ruminants, an expensive and limited source. This study was accomplished by finding a suitable alternative. Bacterial isolates recovered from honey were screened for milk clotting enzyme activity. and further, by immobilization of the microorganisms to enhance stability and facilitate their repeated use.

Result
The most effective enzyme was produced by a microbe identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens based on 16 S rRNA sequencing. The cells were encapsulated in Ca2+ alginate beads. These beads retained complete enzyme production after being used five times. Glucose and Soybean were selected as the most favorable carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The optimum temperature for activity was 35 ℃ for both free and immobilized cells but as the temperature was increased to 55 °C and above, the encapsulated form retained more activity than the free cells. The pH optimum shifted from 6.5 to 7 for the free cells to 7–7.5 for the immobilized cells. The immobilization process decreased the activation energy for enzyme production and activity, prolonged the enzyme half-life, and increased the deactivation energy. Enzyme produced by immobilized cells generated a more compact cheese.

Conclusions
The finding of this study was to identify a less expensive source of milk-clotting enzymes and confirm the success of cell immobilization in improving cell rigidity and stability. Also, immobilization of this B. amyloliquefaciens strain offers an enzyme source of value for industrial production of cheese.
MAVS signaling shapes microglia responses to neurotropic virus infection
Authors: Gern Olivia Luise , Pavlou Andreas , Mulenge Felix , Busker Lena Mareike , Ghita Luca , Aringo Angela , Costa Bibiana , Spanier Julia , Waltl Inken , Stangel Martin , Kalinke Ulrich 
Published: October 2024

AbstractViral encephalitis is characterized by a series of immunological reactions that can control virus infection in the brain, but dysregulated responses may cause excessive inflammation and brain damage. Microglia are brain-resident myeloid cells that are specialized in surveilling the local CNS environment and in case of viral brain infection they contribute to the control of the infection and to restriction of viral dissemination. Here, we report that after exposure to neurotropic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), murine in vitro microglia cultures showed rapid upregulation of a broad range of pro-inflammatory and antiviral genes, which were stably expressed over the entire 8 h infection period. Additionally, a set of immunomodulatory genes was upregulated between 6 and 8 h post infection. In microglia cultures, the induction of several immune response pathways including cytokine responses was dependent on mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS). Consequently, in Mavs-deficient microglia the control of virus propagation failed as indicated by augmented virus titers and the accumulation of viral transcripts. Thus, in the analyzed in vitro system, MAVS signaling is critically required to achieve full microglia activation and to mediate profound antiviral effects. In Mavs-deficient mice, intranasal VSV instillation caused higher disease severity than in WT mice and virus dissemination was noticed beyond the olfactory bulb. Virus spread to inner regions of the olfactory bulb, i.e., the granular cell layer, correlated with the recruitment of highly inflammatory non-microglia myeloid cells into the olfactory bulb in Mavs−/− mice. Furthermore, increased cytokine levels were detected in the nasal cavity, the olfactory bulb and in other brain regions. Thus, microglial MAVS signaling is critically needed for virus sensing, full microglia activation, and for orchestration of protective immunity in the virus-infected CNS.
The modular approach to therapy for youths with anxiety, depression, trauma, and conduct problems (MATCH): results from the Norwegian randomized-controlled trial
Authors: Hukkelberg Silje S. , Torsheim Torbjørn , Nordahl Kristin Berg , Bringedal Görel E. , Rajah Sivarajan , Hagen Kristine Amlund , Kjøbli John , Rognstad Kristian , Ugueto Ana M. , Bearman Sarah Kate , Weisz John 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
A randomized controlled trial was conducted to examine the effectiveness of the Modular Approach to Therapy for Youths with Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, and Conduct Problems (MATCH) for Norwegian youths referred to seven Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Outpatient Clinics. MATCH addresses comorbid problems that are common in children and youth, and its transdiagnostic design may therefore be more effective compared to standard treatments that often address single problems. MATCH has, however, never been evaluated in a Nordic context, and the present study aimed to fill this gap.

Methods
A sample of 121 Norwegian youths (Mage = 9.83, 58.7% boys) was randomly assigned to MATCH (n = 73) or treatment as usual (TAU, n = 48). Primary treatment outcomes were youths’ externalizing and internalizing problems as reported by parents, using the Child Behavior Checklist, the Behavior and Feelings Survey. In addition, the study included assessments of parent-reported Top Problems.

Results
Overall, youths showed significant improvements in both externalizing and internalizing problems from intake to post-test. Results did not provide evidence that MATCH reduces symptoms of these problems compared to TAU.

Conclusions
The findings were inconclusive regarding whether MATCH was more effective than TAU in reducing youth internalizing and externalizing problems.

Trial Registration Identifier
ISRCTN24029895. Registration date: 8/8/2016.
Factors influencing the discontinuation of biologic therapies in patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Fukuyama Arisa , Nakashima Akio , Miyazaki Motoyasu , Fujiki Masakatsu , Kakimoto Hideki , Hisabe Takashi , Imakyure Osamu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
The therapeutic landscape for ulcerative colitis (UC) has recently broadened to include anti-TNFα, anti-integrin, and anti-IL-12/23p40 antibody agents. These biological agents are tailored to individual patient profiles. However, some patients cease biological treatment. This study investigates factors influencing the discontinuation of biological treatment in UC patients.

Methods
This retrospective single-cohort study encompasses UC patients who commenced treatment with biological agents like infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, vedolizumab, and ustekinumab from April 2019 to March 2022. Patients were categorized into continuation and discontinuation groups based on their one-year treatment status. Baseline characteristics were compared between the groups.

Results
Of the 116 UC patients, 102 were included in the study. Among these, 74 (72.5%) continued and 28 (27.5%) discontinued biological therapy. Discontinuation rates for infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, vedolizumab, and ustekinumab were 33.3%, 25.0%, 50.0%, 30.2%, and 15.6%, respectively. The primary discontinuation reason was lack of efficacy (85.7%), followed by adverse events (7.1%), pregnancy (3.6%), and death (3.6%). The discontinuation group had a significantly lower rate of concomitant thiopurine compared to the continuation group (28.6% vs. 56.8%, p = 0.0132). Multivariable analysis revealed that concomitant thiopurine was independently associated with therapy continuation (p = 0.0075).

Conclusion
The study indicates that concomitant thiopurine significantly correlates with the continuation of biological therapies in UC patients, underscoring the importance of concomitant thiopurine in sustaining biological therapy. Further studies are warranted to assess the efficacy of combination therapy.