bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Color Training of Dental Students' on Dental Shades Matching Quality
Authors: Alfouzan Afnan F. , Alqahtani Hussam M. , Tashkandi Esam A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effect of color training on the dental shade matching quality of dental students of both gender and to study the need to include lectures and exercises about shade selection in the undergraduate dental curriculum.Materials and MethodsOne hundred and twenty junior dental students from the College of Dentistry at King Saud University participated in the present study and were distributed randomly into four testing groups. They were asked to match the color of four target shade tabs from the VITA Linearguide 3D‐MASTER. Group 1 attended a brief lecture and a training exercise about dental shade matching, Group 2 only attended the lecture, and Group 3 only performed the training exercise. Group 4 did not participate in the lecture or the training exercise and served as a control. Exact matching rates were calculated and analyzed to determine the pre‐ and post‐test matching values. Three way repeated measures analysis of variance, paired t test, and independent t‐test were used to compare shade matching quality, with a significance level of p < 0.05.ResultsThere was a significant difference between the pre‐ and post‐test values for the students' dental shade matching qualities for all of the test groups.ConclusionThe effectiveness of the dental shade matching training about color and dental shade matching for improving the students' shade matching quality was proven for both genders.Clinical SignificanceTraining can improve shade matching quality of dental students. (J Esthet Restor Dent 29:346–351, 2017)
Dementia, cognitive impairment and proton pump inhibitor therapy: A systematic review
Authors: Batchelor Riley , Gilmartin Julia Fiona‐Maree , Kemp William , Hopper Ingrid , Liew Danny 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground and AimProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most widely used medications worldwide. Dementia is an increasingly common cause of disability in older populations. Recent studies have suggested an increased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia diagnosis among people who consume PPIs. This systematic review explores dementia, cognitive impairment, and the use of PPIs.MethodsSystematic searches were conducted in the databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PSYCinfo, Scopus, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov for articles published from inception to June 30, 2016. Primary outcomes of interest were the use of PPIs and diagnosis of dementia or acute cognitive impairment. Studies conducted on people aged less than 18 years old were excluded. All study designs were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently assessed study quality and extracted data from included studies.ResultsThe systematic search strategy and screening process yielded 11 studies for inclusion in the systematic review. Four studies explored PPI use and dementia, and seven studies explored PPI use and acute cognitive impairment. Three of the four studies exploring dementia identified a positive association with PPI use. A positive association was also observed in the majority of studies exploring acute cognitive impairment.ConclusionsBased on the current published literature, this systematic review has identified that the reported association between PPI use and dementia is limited by methodological issues and conflicting results. Further longitudinal studies with robust bias limitation are required to explore the use of PPIs and dementia or acute cognitive impairment, and to ascertain the existence of any causal relationships.
Calibrating a physical model based on Geant4 to calculate cosmogenic nuclide production rates on lunar surface
Authors: Chen Jian , Dong Tiekuang , Ren Zhongzhou 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA physical model based on the open‐source toolkit Geant4 for production rates of cosmogenic nuclei on the lunar surface is proposed and calibrated. The fluxes of proton and neutron beneath the lunar surface are obtained by simulating the physical processes between the cosmic‐ray particles and the lunar surface material. By combining the experimental proton cross sections and the a posteriori neutron cross sections, we calculate the production rate depth profiles of long‐lived nuclei (10Be, 14C, 26Al, 36Cl, and 53Mn). Through comparing experimental and theoretical data for these nuclei, we find that for all the selected nuclei, experimental and theoretical production rate depth profiles agree well with each other by introducing a single normalization factor. It means that the physical model based on Geant4 can also reproduce the depth profiles of cosmogenic nuclei, and that this model can be used by everyone worldwide. In addition, we predict the production rates of three stable nuclei (21Ne, 22Ne, and 38Ar).
Divine Antecedence and Pretemporal Election
Authors: Keenan Oliver James 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe dispute between two of Princeton Theological Seminary's leading Barth scholars concerning theological ontology invites engagement from the contemporary Thomistic tradition. On the one hand, McCormack argues that, in a fully Barthian theological ontology, divine triunity is constituted by the pretemporal election of Jesus Christ. On the other hand, Hunsinger contends that this election is expressive of an antecedent trinity. In the light of scholastic disputes between Dominican and Franciscan theologians, McCormack's proposal is seen to resemble aspects of the Bonaventurean account of triune relationality, particularly the account of procession as constitutive of personal distinction and the affirmation of a primordial ‘primity’ adhering to the Father's innascibility. Whilst McCormack seeks to avoid an undetermined originary plenitude, his treatment of the divine attributes as logically consequent to election risks attributing to pretemporality a status akin to originary primity. Affirming, with Hunsinger, an eternal trinity antecedent to election, the Thomistic tradition nonetheless contains the resources necessary to prevent this antecedence becoming a dissociative antecedence. As such, Thomism preserves divine aseity whilst equally safeguarding against the disconnection of logos asarkos from logos incarnandus that McCormack regards as an unwarranted metaphysical speculation that bypasses the particularity of revelation in Jesus Christ.
Effect of sustained low efficient dialysis versus continuous renal replacement therapy on renal recovery after acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kovacs Bernadett , Sullivan Katrina J , Hiremath Swapnil , Patel Rakesh V 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCritically ill adults with acute kidney injury (AKI) experience considerable morbidity and mortality. Controversy remains regarding the optimal renal replacement intervention for these patients. Our systematic review aimed to determine the effect(s) of sustained low‐efficiency dialysis (SLED) compared with continuous renal replacement (CRRT) therapy on relevant patient outcomes. A systematic search of Medline, Embase, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library was conducted. Identified citations were screened independently in duplicate for relevance, and the methodological quality of included studies was evaluated. Data were extracted on study, patient and intervention characteristics and relevant clinical outcomes. Results were pooled using inverse variance fixed and random effects meta‐analysis. A total of 1564 patients from 18 studies were included. Meta‐analysis results indicated no statistically significant difference in our primary outcome, overall proportion of renal recovery (risk ratio (RR) 0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63–1.20, I2 = 66%). No significant difference was observed for the secondary outcome of time to renal recovery (mean difference 1.33, 95% CI 0.23–2.88, I2 = 0%). Statistically, SLED was marginally favoured over CRRT for the secondary outcome of mortality (RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.02–1.43, I2 = 47%); however, this diminished when sensitivity analysis of only randomized controlled trials was conducted (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.00–1.57, I2 = 0%). There appears to be no clear for advantage continuous renal replacement in the hemodynamically unstable patient. Currently, both modalities are safe and effective means of treating AKI in the critically ill adult.
Hepatocarcinogenesis in multidrug‐resistant P‐glycoprotein 3 deficiency
Authors: Vij Mukul , Shanmugam Naresh P. , Reddy Mettu Srinivas , Govil Sanjay , Rela Mohamed 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMDR3 is a hepatocyte canalicular membrane protein encoded by the ABCB4 gene located on chromosome 7. MDR3 mediates the translocation of phosphatidylcholine into bile. Severe MDR 3 deficiency typically presents during early childhood with chronic cholestasis evolving to cirrhosis and portal hypertension, requiring liver transplantation. Herein, we report a case of severe MDR3 deficiency in a male child diagnosed with negative MDR3 immunostaining in hepatic canaliculi who underwent LDLT at our centre. We also describe single incidentally detected early well‐differentiated HCC in the explant liver. The patient is on regular follow‐up and is doing well. Our report shows that MDR3 deficiency may be a risk factor for the development of HCC.
Discursive Representation within the Institutional Void: The Rise and Fall of a Governance Network on Sustainable Food in Belgium
Authors: Crivits Maarten , de Krom Michiel P.M.M , Dessein Joost , Block Thomas 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRecently, democratic theorists have turned their attention to political representation. This renewed attention is inspired by a questioning of the formalist interpretation of representative government that presumes a strict division between elected political elites and deliberative participation in the public sphere. Several scholars argue that the standard account of representative democracy based on residence‐based and electoral representation does not suffice to explain contemporary political practice. Representation, then, becomes a ‘practice’ in which the object of representation and the grounds on which it is defended, co‐determine ‘who’ and ‘what’ is considered politically legitimate and how ‘interests’ are to be represented. In this paper we explore how discursive interaction on political representation takes place in an ‘institutional void’, i.e. a political setting in which there are no clear rules and norms to which politics is to be conducted. We base our analysis on an interpretative reconstruction of the rise and fall of a sustainability governance process in the Flemish agro‐food domain called the New Food Frontier (NFF). We claim to have found several interacting political conceptions, that operated on both explicit and more tacit levels, which particularly shaped the political interventions within the institutional void of the NFF. Analysis reveals that the dominant/initial conception of the studied political process has strong affinities with Dryzek's ideas on discursive representation. Competing claims on how political representation should work were linked to neo‐corporatism and transition management. We analyze how these competing conceptions play in the organization, articulation and disintegration of the governance network. Secondly, we relate this deliberative ‘outcome’ to the broader political setting in which the sustainability governance trajectory was embedded. In this context, a re‐negotiation of the rules of the game within a new governance setting and the relationship with institutionalized politics proved to be important factors in explaining the discontinuity of the process of discursive representation.
New insights in HLA‐E polymorphism by refined analysis of the full‐length gene
Authors: Olieslagers T. I. , Voorter C. E. M. , Groeneweg M. , Xu Y. , Wieten L. , Tilanus M. G. J. 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐E is a non‐classical HLA class I molecule that plays a role in both the innate and the adaptive immune response through interaction with receptors on natural killer‐ and T‐cells. The HLA‐E gene is characterized by limited polymorphism compared with the classical HLA loci on chromosome 6. At the start of this study, only 13 variable sites had been identified (IPD‐IMGT/HLA Database v3.18.0). While most previous studies focused on polymorphism in exons 2 and 3 or specific gene regions, polymorphism in the other exons and introns could influence protein expression and function as well. Studies that investigate extended HLA‐E polymorphism are therefore needed to better understand the functional relevance of HLA‐E in health and disease.AimsThe aim of this study was to examine the variability of the full‐length HLA‐E gene region in individuals originating from different populations.Materials and Methods/ResultsA total of 7 new HLA‐E alleles were identified using full‐length HLA‐E sequencing of 123 individuals from Asian, Dutch or Hunan Han origin. Furthermore, genome variation analysis of the third phase of the 1000 genomes database showed 107 new variable sites in 2504 individuals originating from 26 different populations.Discussion and ConclusionOur study demonstrates that the nucleotide variability of the HLA‐E gene is much higher than previously known, albeit in only a limited number of individuals. Overall only 2 variants, HLA‐E*01:01 and *01:03, are frequently present worldwide, suggesting that balancing selection is acting on HLA‐E.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients and parasitic diseases: A review of the literature of clinical cases and perspectives to screen and follow‐up active and latent chronic infections
Authors: Fabiani Silvia , Fortunato Simona , Petrini Mario , Bruschi Fabrizio 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients are at substantial risk for a variety of infections depending upon numerous factors, such as degree of immunosuppression, host factors, and period after transplantation. Bacterial, fungal, viral, as well as parasitic infections can occur with high morbidity and mortality.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the magnitude of the occurrence of parasitic infections in allogeneic HSCT recipients. Modalities of transmission, methods of diagnosis, treatment, donor and recipient pre‐transplant screening and prevention measures of the most serious parasitic infections have also been discussed.Materials and methodsWe systematically reviewed literature records on post‐transplant (allogeneic HSCT) parasitic infections, identified through PubMed database searching, using no language or time restrictions. Search was concluded on December 31, 2015. In the present review, we only discussed post‐transplant parasitic infections in allogeneic HSCT. Only exclusion criteria were absence of sufficient information on the transmission of parasitic infection to the recipient. Autologous HSCT recipients have not been included because of the absence of a proper allogeneic transplantation even in presence of blood or blood product transfusions. The methods and findings of the present review have been reported based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta‐analysis checklist (PRISMA).ResultsRegarding allogeneic HSCT recipients, from data published in the literature the real burden of parasitic infections cannot be really estimated. Nevertheless, a positive trend on publication number exists, probably because of more than one reason: (i) the increasing number of patients transplanted and then treated with immunosuppressive agents, (ii) the “population shift” resulting from immigration and travels to endemic areas, and (iii) the increasing of attention for diagnosis/notification/publication of cases.ConclusionsConsidering parasitic infections as emerging and potentially serious in their evolution, additional strategies for the prevention, careful screening and follow‐up, with a high level of suspicion, identification, and preemptive therapy are necessary in transplant recipients.PerspectivesThe Authors’ viewpoint in the perspective to screen and follow‐up active and latent chronic parasitosis in stem cells donors and recipients: a proposal for a flow chart.
Report on the 18th Platelet Immunology Workshop of the ISBT 2016
Authors: Wikman A. , Mörtberg A. , Sachs U. J. , Santoso S. 
Published: January 2017

Background and ObjectivesThe aim of the 18th Platelet Immunology Workshop was to characterize platelet‐reactive alloantibodies by the use of in‐house MAIPA protocol and/or commercial platelet antibody testing kits, to identify whether anti‐HPA‐1a quantification could be compared between laboratories, to evaluate whether a protease inhibitor could preserve CD109 and the expression of the HPA‐15b antigen and to prove HPA genotyping methods.Materials and MethodsWorkshop materials (plasma samples, DNA and additional reagents) were shipped by the Organizing Laboratory in Stockholm, Sweden. Thirty‐two laboratories from 19 countries participated in the 18th International Platelet Workshop.ResultsA majority of the laboratories agreed on the serological identification of anti‐HPA‐1a and anti‐HPA‐5b antibodies. For the quantification of anti‐HPA‐1a, however, the result differed greatly between the laboratories with high coefficient of variation and the lowest concentration 0·5 IU/ml not detectable. Furthermore, false‐positive reactions due to cross‐reactivity with other glycoproteins did often interfere with the serological evaluation of anti‐HPA antibodies. Detection of anti‐HPA‐15 antibodies remains challenging; the addition of a protease inhibitor did not seem to preserve HPA‐15 expression on platelets. For genotyping, correct results were achieved in four of five samples. A mutation near HPA‐3 in one sample caused false interpretation of the typing results from five laboratories.ConclusionsThis workshop has identified three specific areas in platelet serology with need for improvement: methodology amendment to reduce non‐specific binding and cross‐reactivity; standardization of antibody quantification (such as anti‐HPA‐1a); and detection of anti‐HPA‐15 antibodies. The use of universal monoclonal antibodies for antigen capture assays as well exactly defined references of well‐defined specificity and concentration should be envisioned.
Incidencia de la política de incentivos tributarios sobre la inversión en el sector minero energético colombiano: un análisis exploratorio de su efectividad
Authors: Ruiz-Vargas Mario Antonio , Velandia-Sánchez Juliana Maritza , Navarro-Morato Oscar Saúl 
Published: January 2017

<p> El presente artículo pretende hacer un análisis exploratorio sobre la efectividad de la política de incentivos tributarios en el incremento de la inversión extranjera directa (IED) del sector minero energético en Colombia. Se analizaron dos tipos de incentivos que afectan el impuesto a la renta del sector minero energético en Colombia: deducciones por inversión en activos fijos y descuentos tributarios, estableciendo la tasa efectiva de renta (TER) como medida del nivel de tributación del sector y comparando su comportamiento con el de la IED para el período 20002011. Los resultados demostraron que —aunque los incentivos generan un efecto positivo sobre la carga tributaria de las empresas, al disminuir la TER— la efectividad con respecto a la IED no es significativa, pues los precios internacionales de los <em>commodities</em> minero energéticos explican los niveles de IED en el país. </p>
Draft Genome Sequence of an Erythromycin-Resistant Propionibacterium acnes Isolate Recovered from Folliculitis of the Scalp
Authors: Aubin Guillaume Ghislain , Kambarev Stanimir , Guillouzouic Aurélie , Khammari Amir , Dréno Brigitte , Corvec Stéphane 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTPropionibacterium acnesis now well-known and recognized for its implication in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of an erythromycin-resistantP. acnesstrain isolated from a case of folliculitis of the scalp belonging to phylotype IA1 and sequence type 18 (ST18).
Complete Genome Sequence of Streptococcus iniae 89353, a Virulent Strain Isolated from Diseased Tilapia in Taiwan
Authors: Gong Hong-Yi , Wu Sheng-Han , Chen Chun-Yao , Huang Chang-Wen , Lu Jenn-Kan , Chou Hsin-Yiu 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT

Streptococcus iniae
89353 is a virulent strain isolated from diseased tilapia in Taiwan. The full-genome sequence of
S. iniae
89353 is 2,098,647 bp. The revealed genome information will be beneficial for identification and understanding of potential virulence genes of
Streptococcus iniae
and possible immunogens for vaccine development against streptococcosis.
Development of dilated cardiomyopathy and impaired calcium homeostasis with cardiac-specific deletion of ESRRβ
Authors: Rowe Glenn C. , Asimaki Angeliki , Graham Evan L. , Martin Kimberly D. , Margulies Kenneth B. , Das Saumya , Saffitz Jeffery , Arany Zoltan 
Published: January 2017

Mechanisms underlying the development of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) remain poorly understood. Using transcription factor expression profiling, we identified estrogen-related receptor-β (ESRRβ), a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors, as highly expressed in murine hearts and other highly oxidative striated muscle beds. Mice bearing cardiac-specific deletion of ESRRβ (MHC-ERRB KO) develop DCM and sudden death at ~10 mo of age. Isolated adult cardiomyocytes from the MHC-ERRB KO mice showed an increase in calcium sensitivity and impaired cardiomyocyte contractility, which preceded echocardiographic cardiac remodeling and dysfunction by several months. Histological analyses of myocardial biopsies from patients with various cardiomyopathies revealed that ESRRβ protein is absent from the nucleus of cardiomyocytes from patients with DCM but not other forms of cardiomyopathy (ischemic, hypertrophic, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy). Taken together these observations suggest that ESRRβ is a critical component in the onset of DCM by affecting contractility and calcium balance. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Estrogen-related receptor-β (ESRRβ) is highly expressed in the heart and cardiac-specific deletion results in the development of a dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). ESRRβ is mislocalized in human myocardium samples with DCM, suggesting a possible role for ESRRβ in the pathogenesis of DCM in humans.
Evidence for hysteresis in the cerebral pressure-flow relationship in healthy men
Authors: Brassard Patrice , Ferland-Dutil Hélène , Smirl Jonathan D. , Paquette Myriam , Le Blanc Olivier , Malenfant Simon , Ainslie Philip N. 
Published: January 2017

The cerebrovasculature is more efficient at compensating for pharmacologically induced transient hypertension versus transient hypotension. Whether this phenomenon exists during nonpharmacologically induced hypertension and hypotension is currently unknown. We compared the percent change in mean velocity in the middle cerebral artery (MCAvmean) per percent change in mean arterial pressure (MAP) (%ΔMCAVmean/%ΔMAP) during transient hypertension and hypotension induced during squat-stand maneuvers performed at 0.05 Hz (20-s cycles) and 0.10 Hz (10-s cycles) in 58 male volunteers. %ΔMCAvmean/%ΔMAP was attenuated by 25% ( P = 0.03, 0.05 Hz) and 47% ( P < 0.0001, 0.10 Hz) during transient hypertension versus hypotension. Thus, these findings indicate that the brain in healthy men is better adapted to compensate for physiologically relevant transient hypertension than hypotension. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The novel finding of this study is that the change in middle cerebral artery mean flow velocity is attenuated during hypertension compared with hypotension physiologically induced by oscillations in blood pressure in men. These results support that the human brain is more effective at compensating for transient hypertension than hypotension.