bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simple sequence repeat markers for kānuka (Kunzea spp.; Myrtaceae) present in New Zealand
Authors: Goeke Dagmar F. , Mitchell Caroline M. , Lange Claudia , Houliston Gary J. 
Published: April 2017

Premise of the study:We developed simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to facilitate population genetic studies on kānuka (Kunzea spp.; Myrtaceae).Methods and Results:A shotgun sequencing library was constructed from leaf material of K. robusta using a Roche 454 Junior sequencer, and a total of 3174 putative SSR regions were identified. Sixteen polymorphic markers were optimized for multiplex PCR on 10 endemic New Zealand Kunzea species. Each of these loci cross‐amplified in all tested species. The amplified di‐, tri‐, and pentanucleotide repeats resulted in eight to 24 alleles per locus for a total of 220 specimens. The mean observed and expected heterozygosity per locus ranged from 0.18 to 0.77 and 0.33 to 0.82, respectively.Conclusions:The SSR markers we produced are valuable for phylogenetic and population studies on all endemic Kunzea spp. and may also be useful for studies on closely related Kunzea species from Australia.
Constraints on Leptophilic Dark Matter from the AMS-02 Experiment
Authors: Cavasonza Leila Ali , Gast Henning , Krämer Michael , Pellen Mathieu , Schael Stefan 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The annihilation of dark matter particles in the Galactic halo of the Milky Way may lead to cosmic ray signatures that can be probed by the AMS-02 experiment, which has measured the composition and fluxes of charged cosmic rays with unprecedented precision. Given the absence of characteristic spectral features in the electron and positron fluxes measured by AMS-02, we derive upper limits on the dark matter annihilation cross section for leptophilic dark matter models. Our limits are based on a new background model that describes all recent measurements of the energy spectra of cosmic-ray positrons and electrons. For thermal dark matter relics, we can exclude dark matter masses below about 100 GeV. We include the radiation of electroweak gauge bosons in the dark matter annihilation process and compute the antiproton signal that can be expected within leptophilic dark matter models.
The Longevity of Water Ice on Ganymedes and Europas around Migrated Giant Planets
Authors: Lehmer Owen R. , Catling David C. , Zahnle Kevin J. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The gas giant planets in the Solar System have a retinue of icy moons, and we expect giant exoplanets to have similar satellite systems. If a Jupiter-like planet were to migrate toward its parent star the icy moons orbiting it would evaporate, creating atmospheres and possible habitable surface oceans. Here, we examine how long the surface ice and possible oceans would last before being hydrodynamically lost to space. The hydrodynamic loss rate from the moons is determined, in large part, by the stellar flux available for absorption, which increases as the giant planet and icy moons migrate closer to the star. At some planet–star distance the stellar flux incident on the icy moons becomes so great that they enter a runaway greenhouse state. This runaway greenhouse state rapidly transfers all available surface water to the atmosphere as vapor, where it is easily lost from the small moons. However, for icy moons of Ganymede’s size around a Sun-like star we found that surface water (either ice or liquid) can persist indefinitely outside the runaway greenhouse orbital distance. In contrast, the surface water on smaller moons of Europa’s size will only persist on timescales greater than 1 Gyr at distances ranging 1.49–0.74 au around a Sun-like star for Bond albedos of 0.2 and 0.8, where the lower albedo becomes relevant if ice melts. Consequently, small moons can lose their icy shells, which would create a torus of H atoms around their host planet that might be detectable in future observations.
Independent Measurements of the Dynamical Masses of Six Galaxy Clusters in the Local Universe
Authors: Lee Jounghun 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We present independent measurements of the masses of galaxy clusters in the local universe by employing the Dynamical Mass Estimator (DME) originally developed by Falco et al. In the catalog of the galaxy groups/clusters constructed by Tempel et al. from Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 10, we search for galaxy clusters as the targets around which neighbor galaxies constitute thin straight filamentary structures in the configuration space spanned by the redshifts and the projected distances. Out of the 29 Sloan clusters that have 100 or more member galaxies, a total of six targets are found to have filamentary structures in their bound zones. For each of the six targets, we construct the profile of the recession velocities of the filament galaxies, which depend on the cluster mass and the angle of the filament relative to the line-of-sight direction. Fitting the constructed profile to the universal formula with constant amplitude and slope, we statistically determine the dynamical mass of each cluster and compare it with previous estimates made using the conventional method. The weak and strong points of the DME, as well as its prospects for measuring the dynamical masses of high-z clusters, are discussed.
A Parametric Study of the Acoustic Mechanism for Core-collapse Supernovae
Authors: Harada A. , Nagakura H. , Iwakami W. , Yamada S. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We investigate the criterion for the acoustic mechanism to work successfully in core-collapse supernovae. The acoustic mechanism is an alternative to the neutrino-heating mechanism. It was proposed by Burrows et al., who claimed that acoustic waves emitted by g-mode oscillations in proto-neutron stars (PNS) energize a stalled shock wave and eventually induce an explosion. Previous works mainly studied to which extent the g-modes are excited in the PNS. In this paper, on the other hand, we investigate how strong the acoustic wave needs to be if it were to revive a stalled shock wave. By adding the acoustic power as a new axis, we draw a critical surface, which is an extension of the critical curve commonly employed in the context of neutrino heating. We perform both 1D and 2D parametrized simulations, in which we inject acoustic waves from the inner boundary. In order to quantify the power of acoustic waves, we use the extended Myers theory to take neutrino reactions into proper account. We find for the 1D simulations that rather large acoustic powers are required to relaunch the shock wave, since the additional heating provided by the secondary shocks developed from acoustic waves is partially canceled by the neutrino cooling that is also enhanced. In 2D, the required acoustic powers are consistent with those of Burrows et al. Our results seem to imply, however, that it is the sum of neutrino heating and acoustic powers that matters for shock revival.
First Discoveries of z > 6 Quasars with the DECam Legacy Survey and UKIRT Hemisphere Survey
Authors: Wang Feige , Fan Xiaohui , Yang Jinyi , Wu Xue-Bing , Yang Qian , Bian Fuyan , McGreer Ian D. , Li Jiang-Tao , Li Zefeng , Ding Jiani , Dey Arjun , Dye Simon , Findlay Joseph R. , Green Richard , James David , Jiang Linhua , Lang Dustin , Lawrence Andy , Myers Adam D. , Ross Nicholas P. , Schlegel David J. , Shanks Tom 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We present the first discoveries from a survey of z ≳ 6 quasars using imaging data from the DECam Legacy Survey (DECaLS) in the optical, the UKIRT Deep Infrared Sky Survey (UKIDSS) and a preliminary version of the UKIRT Hemisphere Survey (UHS) in the near-IR, and ALLWISE in the mid-IR. DECaLS will image 9000 deg2 of sky down to z
AB ∼ 23.0, and UKIDSS and UHS will map the northern sky at 0 < decl. < +60°, reaching J
VEGA ∼ 19.6 (5-σ). The combination of these data sets allows us to discover quasars at redshift z ≳ 7 and to conduct a complete census of the faint quasar population at z ≳ 6. In this paper, we report on the selection method of our search, and on the initial discoveries of two new, faint z ≳ 6 quasars and one new z = 6.63 quasar in our pilot spectroscopic observations. The two new z ∼ 6 quasars are at z = 6.07 and z = 6.17 with absolute magnitudes at rest-frame wavelength 1450 Å being M
1450 = −25.83 and M
1450 = −25.76, respectively. These discoveries suggest that we can find quasars close to or fainter than the break magnitude of the Quasar Luminosity Function (QLF) at z ≳ 6. The new z = 6.63 quasar has an absolute magnitude of M
1450 = −25.95. This demonstrates the potential of using the combined DECaLS and UKIDSS/UHS data sets to find z ≳ 7 quasars. Extrapolating from previous QLF measurements, we predict that these combined data sets will yield ∼200 z ∼ 6 quasars to z
AB < 21.5, ∼1000 z ∼ 6 quasars to z
AB < 23, and ∼30 quasars at z > 6.5 to J
VEGA < 19.5.
Le modèle explicatif des maladies infectieuses associées à la misère et à la pauvreté : l’expérience espagnole et italienne dans la première moitié du XX e siècle
Authors: Pozzi Lucia , Bernabeu-Mestre Josep , Galiana-Sánchez María Eugenia 
Published: April 2017

Le travail aborde l’étiologie sociale des maladies infectieuses associées à la pauvreté, maladies dominantes en Espagne et en Italie dans la première moitié du xx e siècle. La première partie analyse le cadre explicatif de l’interaction entre agents infectieux, individus vulnérables ou susceptibles d’être malades et environnements morbides qui facilitent la contagion par l’action des fomites et des vecteurs passifs des maladies, ainsi que des pratiques et conduites à risque. La deuxième partie explique les fondements des stratégies d’intervention et les mesures de surveillance épidémiologique et sanitaires qui ont permis d’améliorer les conditions d’hygiène et d’agir sur les carences primaires responsables de la prévalence de ces pathologies.
Écrire l’information : la translittéracie, un levier pour (ré-)concilier formes sociales et formes scolaires
Authors: Cordier Anne 
Published: April 2017

Cette contribution vise à documenter le rapport à l’écriture de la recherche d’information que l’école développe, en lien avec les formes sociales d’écriture qui sont quotidiennement celles éprouvées par les adolescents. Comment se redessinent les contours du processus d’écriture de l’information aujourd’hui ? En nous appuyant sur le concept de translittéracie, nous montrerons, à partir d’investigations de terrain menées en établissements scolaires, combien le processus d’écriture de la recherche d’information est aujourd’hui ré-agencé et enrichie sous l’influence double des formes sociales et de dispositifs institutionnels. Ce sont de nouvelles compétences scripturales qui sont ainsi mises à jour.
La participation dans les écritures créatives en réseaux : de la réception à la production
Authors: Chapelain Brigitte 
Published: April 2017

Les jeunes adultes développent une grande diversité d’expressions et de pratiques créatives qui engagent différentes écritures qu’il s’agisse de fanfictions, de fanarts, de machinimas ou de fansubbing ou du récent développement des chaines you tube. L’échange d’informations, les interprétations et les débats qui s’engagent sur les réseaux sociaux sollicitent également des compétences d’argumentation et des qualités d’imagination. Au regard des évolutions théoriques qui éclairent la notion de participation, nous analysons les modalités et les configurations de l’écriture de certaines expressions créatives, et montrons les connaissances et compétences que celles-ci développent. Nous avons distingué les écritures de contribution, de coopération et de collaboration. Les capacités critiques et les connaissances informationnelles et communicationnelles des jeunes acquises dans la pratique de ces écritures créatives en dehors de l’école devraient être prises en compte dans l’éducation aux « translittératies » et dans la pédagogie des disciplines où savoirs académiques peuvent être associés à des écritures numériques.
« Un français parfumé. » Casanova
Authors: Lahouati Gérard 
Published: April 2017

Alors que l’ Histoire de ma vie de Casanova donne à ses lecteurs l’illusion d’entrer dans un monde de parfums, comment comprendre leur surprenante rareté  ? S’ils apparaissent dans ses pratiques magico-burlesques, les parfums sont en revanche rarement associés à une femme ou à l’érotisme, et jamais la fonction mémorielle d’une odeur n’est mise en scène. La nature même de l’écriture de Casanova et les présupposés actuels de la lecture de son récit permettent peut-être de comprendre ces paradoxes.
Parfums de (petites) femmes : pour une lecture olfactive
Authors: Reverzy Éléonore 
Published: April 2017

En étudiant la place et le rôle des parfums dans les fictions de la prostitution du second xix e siècle, c’est une sémiologie du personnage qu’on met au jour. Parfois ironique, ce mode d’incarnation du personnage qu’est sa représentation olfactive contribue à la séduction narrative. Révélateur, moteur, séducteur, le parfum associé au personnage est comme le leurre qui attire le lecteur dans la fiction et l’invite à une lecture expérientielle.
Grammaire olfactive : les parfums au pluriel
Authors: Wicky Érika 
Published: April 2017

Se répandant dans la chaleur des bals et des salles de spectacle, la combinaison de parfums cristallise les craintes des hygiénistes et des moralistes du second xix e siècle quant à la promiscuité et au mélange social. Jugé désagréable, voire dangereux, le mélange des parfums donne cependant lieu à une poétique de la composition olfactive faisant écho aux harmonies créées par les parfumeurs. Dès lors, comment le parfum se pense-t-il au pluriel, dans ses usages comme dans ses représentations ?
Direct comparisons of ice cloud macro- and microphysical properties simulated by the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 with HIPPO aircraft observations
Authors: Wu Chenglai , Liu Xiaohong , Diao Minghui , Zhang Kai , Gettelman Andrew , Lu Zheng , Penner Joyce E. , Lin Zhaohui 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. In this study we evaluate cloud properties simulated by the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5) using in situ measurements from the HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO) campaign for the period of 2009 to 2011. The modeled wind and temperature are nudged towards reanalysis. Model results collocated with HIPPO flight tracks are directly compared with the observations, and model sensitivities to the representations of ice nucleation and growth are also examined. Generally, CAM5 is able to capture specific cloud systems in terms of vertical configuration and horizontal extension. In total, the model reproduces 79.8 % of observed cloud occurrences inside model grid boxes and even higher (94.3 %) for ice clouds (T ≤ −40 °C). The missing cloud occurrences in the model are primarily ascribed to the fact that the model cannot account for the high spatial variability of observed relative humidity (RH). Furthermore, model RH biases are mostly attributed to the discrepancies in water vapor, rather than temperature. At the micro-scale of ice clouds, the model captures the observed increase of ice crystal mean sizes with temperature, albeit with smaller sizes than the observations. The model underestimates the observed ice number concentration (Ni) and ice water content (IWC) for ice crystals larger than 75 µm in diameter. Modeled IWC and Ni are more sensitive to the threshold diameter for autoconversion of cloud ice to snow (Dcs), while simulated ice crystal mean size is more sensitive to ice nucleation parameterizations than to Dcs. Our results highlight the need for further improvements to the sub-grid RH variability and ice nucleation and growth in the model.
Wintertime aerosol chemistry and haze evolution in an extremely polluted city of the North China Plain: significant contribution from coal and biomass combustion
Authors: Li Haiyan , Zhang Qi , Zhang Qiang , Chen Chunrong , Wang Litao , Wei Zhe , Zhou Shan , Parworth Caroline , Zheng Bo , Canonaco Francesco , Prévôt André S. H. , Chen Ping , Zhang Hongliang , Wallington Timothy J. , He Kebin 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The North China Plain (NCP) frequently experiences heavy haze pollution, particularly during wintertime. In winter 2015–2016, the NCP region suffered several extremely severe haze episodes with air pollution red alerts issued in many cities. We have investigated the sources and aerosol evolution processes of the severe pollution episodes in Handan, a typical industrialized city in the NCP region, using real-time measurements from an intensive field campaign during the winter of 2015–2016. The average (±1σ) concentration of submicron aerosol (PM1) during 3 December 2015–5 February 2016 was 187.6 (±137.5) µg m−3, with the hourly maximum reaching 700.8 µg m−3. Organic was the most abundant component, on average accounting for 45 % of total PM1 mass, followed by sulfate (15 %), nitrate (14 %), ammonium (12 %), chloride (9 %) and black carbon (BC, 5 %). Positive matrix factorization (PMF) with the multilinear engine (ME-2) algorithm identified four major organic aerosol (OA) sources, including traffic emissions represented by a hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA, 7 % of total OA), industrial and residential burning of coal represented by a coal combustion OA (CCOA, 29 % of total OA), open and domestic combustion of wood and crop residuals represented by a biomass burning OA (BBOA, 25 % of total OA), and formation of secondary OA (SOA) in the atmosphere represented by an oxygenated OA (OOA, 39 % of total OA). Emissions of primary OA (POA), which together accounted for 61 % of total OA and 27 % of PM1, are a major cause of air pollution during the winter. Our analysis further uncovered that primary emissions from coal combustion and biomass burning together with secondary formation of sulfate (mainly from SO2 emitted by coal combustion) are important driving factors for haze evolution. However, the bulk composition of PM1 showed comparatively small variations between less polluted periods (daily PM2. 5  ≤  75 µg m−3) and severely polluted periods (daily PM2. 5  >  75 µg m−3), indicating relatively synchronous increases of all aerosol species during haze formation. The case study of a severe haze episode, which lasted 8 days starting with a steady buildup of aerosol pollution followed by a persistently high level of PM1 (326.7–700.8 µg m−3), revealed the significant influence of stagnant meteorological conditions which acerbate air pollution in the Handan region. The haze episode ended with a shift of wind which brought in cleaner air masses from the northwest of Handan and gradually reduced PM1 concentration to  <  50 µg m−3 after 12 h. Aqueous-phase reactions under higher relative humidity (RH) were found to significantly promote the production of secondary inorganic species (especially sulfate) but showed little influence on SOA.
The Met Office Unified Model Global Atmosphere 6.0/6.1 and JULES Global Land 6.0/6.1 configurations
Authors: Walters David , Boutle Ian , Brooks Malcolm , Melvin Thomas , Stratton Rachel , Vosper Simon , Wells Helen , Williams Keith , Wood Nigel , Allen Thomas , Bushell Andrew , Copsey Dan , Earnshaw Paul , Edwards John , Gross Markus , Hardiman Steven , Harris Chris , Heming Julian , Klingaman Nicholas , Levine Richard , Manners James , Martin Gill , Milton Sean , Mittermaier Marion , Morcrette Cyril , Riddick Thomas , Roberts Malcolm , Sanchez Claudio , Selwood Paul , Stirling Alison , Smith Chris , Suri Dan , Tennant Warren , Vidale Pier Luigi , Wilkinson Jonathan , Willett Martin , Woolnough Steve , Xavier Prince 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. We describe Global Atmosphere 6.0 and Global Land 6.0 (GA6.0/GL6.0): the latest science configurations of the Met Office Unified Model and JULES (Joint UK Land Environment Simulator) land surface model developed for use across all timescales. Global Atmosphere 6.0 includes the ENDGame (Even Newer Dynamics for General atmospheric modelling of the environment) dynamical core, which significantly increases mid-latitude variability improving a known model bias. Alongside developments of the model's physical parametrisations, ENDGame also increases variability in the tropics, which leads to an improved representation of tropical cyclones and other tropical phenomena. Further developments of the atmospheric and land surface parametrisations improve other aspects of model performance, including the forecasting of surface weather phenomena. We also describe GA6.1/GL6.1, which includes a small number of long-standing differences from our main trunk configurations that we continue to require for operational global weather prediction. Since July 2014, GA6.1/GL6.1 has been used by the Met Office for operational global numerical weather prediction, whilst GA6.0/GL6.0 was implemented in its remaining global prediction systems over the following year.
The Factors Impact on the Service Quality of People’s Credit Funds: The Case of Mekong Delta River in Vietnam
Authors: Thanh Tu Tran Thi , Nhung Do Hong , Duc Dang Ngoc 
Published: April 2017

The paper used results of the survey of 100 clients from 24 PCFs in 3 provinces in the Mekong Delta River in Vietnam. By applying Explanatory Factor Analysis methodology, the result of study showed that tangibles (TAN), responsiveness (RES), reliability (REL), assurances (ASS), and empathy (EMP)affecting to the service quality of PCFs in Mekong Delta River in Vietnam. The research found that PCFs’ service quality would be increased if their empathy and tangibility improved. Then, PCFs’ managers should pay more on creating incentives for credit officers to improve their sympathy and understanding customers needs as well as enhancing appearances of PCF staffs and transaction offices.
Generalized Exponentiated Weibull Linear Model in the Presence of Covariates
Authors: Santana Tiago V. F. , Ortega Edwin M. M. , Cordeiro Gauss M. , Suzuki Adriano K. 
Published: April 2017

A new regression model based on the exponentiated Weibull with the structure distribution and the structure of the generalized linear model, called the generalized exponentiated Weibull linear model (GEWLM), is proposed. The GEWLM is composed by three important structural parts: the random component, characterized by the distribution of the response variable; the systematic component, which includes the explanatory variables in the model by means of a linear structure; and a link function, which connects the systematic and random parts of the model. Explicit expressions for the logarithm of the likelihood function, score vector and observed and expected information matrices are presented. The method of maximum likelihood and a Bayesian procedure are adopted for estimating the model parameters. To detect influential observations in the new model, we use diagnostic measures based on the local influence and Bayesian case influence diagnostics. Also, we show that the estimates of the GEWLM are robust to deal with the presence of outliers in the data. Additionally, to check whether the model supports its assumptions, to detect atypical observations and to verify the goodness-of-fit of the regression model, we define residuals based on the quantile function, and perform a Monte Carlo simulation study to construct confidence bands from the generated envelopes. We apply the new model to a dataset from the insurance area.