bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paper‐Based Polymer Electrodes for Bioanalysis and Electrochemistry of Neurotransmitters
Authors: Trouillon Raphaël , Gijs Martin A. M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis article describes the preparation and characterization of PEDOT‐coated paper electrodes. Their specific behavior was investigated, especially the impact of electrode shape on the electrochemical properties. It was found that different electrode geometries promote different results, largely because of a potential drop in the bulk of the electrode material. More importantly, the suitability of these substrates for bio‐ and neurochemical analyses was investigated. The paper electrodes were found to offer better resistance to both protein and neurotransmitter foulings, in comparison to a planar electrode. Interestingly, long paper electrodes were more stable during sustained oxidation of dopamine and serotonin than short ones, possibly because of the conjunction of surface passivation and potential drop allowing for the site of oxidation to move along the electrode as fouling progresses.
Investigating the Conformation of the Bridged Monosaccharide Levoglucosan
Authors: Uriarte Iciar , Écija Patricia , Lozada‐Garcia Rolando , Çarçabal Pierre , Cocinero Emilio J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLevoglucosan is one of the main products of the thermal degradation of glucose and cellulose and is commonly used as a tracer for biomass burning. Herein we report a conformational analysis of levoglucosan under isolation conditions, by means of microwave spectroscopy coupled with ultrafast laser vaporization in supersonic expansions. We observed three different conformations of levoglucosan in the gas phase. They all share a common heavy atom rigid bicyclic structure. The difference between the three of them lies in the network of intramolecular hydrogen bonds that arises from the OH groups at positions 2, 3 and 4. The different combinations of H‐bonds give richness to the conformational landscape of levoglucosan. The gas phase conformers obtained in this work are compared to the crystal structure of levoglucosan previously reported. Although the heavy atom frame remains unchanged, there are significant differences in the positions of the H‐atoms. In addition, the levoglucosan structure can be compared to the related glucose, for which gas phase conformational studies exist in the literature. In this case, in going from glucose to levoglucosan, there is an inversion in the chair conformation of the pyranose ring. This forces the OH groups to adopt axial positions (instead of the more favorable equatorial positions in glucose) and completely changes the pattern of intramolecular H‐bonds.
Giant cell tumor of temporomandibular joint presenting as a parotid tumor: Challenges in the accurate subclassification of giant cell tumors in an unusual location
Authors: Ren Rongqin , Mueller Sandra , Kraft Adele O. , Powers Celeste N. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractFine needle aspiration is frequently used as the initial diagnostic procedure in the work‐up of head and neck lesions, including soft tissue masses and salivary gland neoplasms. Giant cell tumors (GCTs), both osseous and extraosseous, are benign tumors that occur, albeit rarely, in the head and neck region. Extraosseous GCTs may be further classified based on their tissue of origin and specific anatomic location. Regardless of location, giant cell tumors are morphologically similar and share cytologic and histologic diagnostic criteria. Evaluation of imaging is therefore essential to the correct classification of these tumors. Accurate diagnosis is crucial since the clinical behavior and treatment is significantly different among the subtypes of GCTs. The case presented herein illustrates the diagnostic dilemma between two uncommon entities in an unusual site: GCT of parotid gland and tenosynovial GCT.
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia: Modeling longitudinal change from 6 weeks to 2 years of age among low‐income Mexican Americans
Authors: Jewell Shannon L. , Suk Hye Won , Luecken Linda J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractParasympathetically‐mediated heart rate variability (HRV), commonly indexed via respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), is theorized to support the physiological regulation of emotion; however, little is known about the trajectory of change in resting RSA across early development among high‐risk populations for whom emotion regulation is crucial. This study characterized resting RSA change from 6 weeks to 2 years of age among 312 low‐income Mexican American infants. RSA was assessed longitudinally at 6, 12, 18, 24, 52, 78, and 104 weeks of age. On average, resting RSA increased as infants aged, and this change accelerated over time. There was significant variance between infants in resting RSA at 6 weeks of age, and in the slope, and acceleration of resting RSA change. Intraclass correlation among infants’ resting RSA measures was minimal, indicating that resting RSA may not be “trait‐like” during infancy. Results characterize early RSA development among a high‐risk sample, which can inform theoretical understanding of the development of emotional, and behavioral self‐regulation in a high‐risk population, as well as efforts to promote wellbeing across early childhood.
Corticospinal tract diffusion properties and robotic visually guided reaching in children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy
Authors: Kuczynski Andrea M. , Dukelow Sean P. , Hodge Jacquie A. , Carlson Helen L. , Lebel Catherine , Semrau Jennifer A. , Kirton Adam 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPerinatal stroke is the leading cause of hemiparetic cerebral palsy (CP), resulting in life‐long disability. In this study, we examined the relationship between robotic upper extremity motor impairment and corticospinal tract (CST) diffusion properties. Thirty‐three children with unilateral perinatal ischemic stroke (17 arterial, 16 venous) and hemiparesis were recruited from a population‐based research cohort. Bilateral CSTs were defined using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and four diffusion metrics were quantified: fractional anisotropy (FA), mean (MD), radial (RD), and axial (AD) diffusivities. Participants completed a visually guided reaching task using the KINARM robot to define 10 movement parameters including movement time and maximum speed. Twenty‐six typically developing children underwent the same evaluations. Partial correlations assessed the relationship between robotic reaching and CST diffusion parameters. All diffusion properties of the lesioned CST differed from controls in the arterial group, whereas only FA was reduced in the venous group. Non‐lesioned CST diffusion measures were similar between stroke groups and controls. Both stroke groups demonstrated impaired reaching performance. Multiple reaching parameters of the affected limb correlated with lesioned CST diffusion properties. Lower FA and higher MD were associated with greater movement time. Few correlations were observed between non‐lesioned CST diffusion and unaffected limb function though FA was associated with reaction time (R = −0.39, p < .01). Diffusion properties of the lesioned CST are altered after perinatal stroke, the degree of which correlates with specific elements of visually guided reaching performance, suggesting specific relevance of CST structural connectivity to clinical motor function in hemiparetic children.
The relationship between motor skills, perceived self‐competence, peer problems and internalizing problems in a community sample of children
Authors: Mancini Vincent , Rigoli Daniela , Roberts Lynne , Heritage Brody , Piek Jan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPoor motor skills have been associated with a range of interpersonal and intrapersonal difficulties, including poor self‐competence, peer problems, and internalizing problems such as anxiety and depression. The Elaborated Environmental Stress Hypothesis provides a theoretical framework for understating these relationships. Studies have recently begun to evaluate this framework; however, ongoing empirical investigation is required. Currently, the extent to which these relationships may differ across factors such as gender remains unclear. The current study tests an indirect effect of motor skills on internalizing problems via peer problems and perceived self‐competence in a community sample of 164 children (81 males; 83 females) aged 7 to 12 years. A combination of clinician‐administered, self‐report, and parent‐rated measures were used. Regression analysis using PROCESS indicated that the relationship between motor skills and internalizing problems was not moderated by gender. Motor skills did have an indirect effect on internalizing problems via perceived scholastic competence and peer problems. Results provide partial support for part of the Elaborated Environmental Stress Hypothesis; perceived scholastic competence and peer problems are mechanisms through which motor skills are related to internalizing problems in school‐aged children. This study highlights potentially important targets for psychomotor interventions for this age group.Highlights

The Environmental Stress Hypothesis suggests that motor skills may have an indirect effect on internalizing problems via factors such as peer problems and perceived self-competence.
A community sample of 164 children aged 7–12 years provided measures of motor skills and psychosocial functioning.
Motor skills had an indirect effect on internalizing problems via perceived scholastic competence and peer problems. This relationship was not moderated by gender.
Longitudinal Effects of Teriparatide or Zoledronic Acid on Bone Modeling- and Remodeling-Based Formation in the SHOTZ Study
Authors: Dempster David W , Zhou Hua , Ruff Valerie A , Melby Thomas E , Alam Jahangir , Taylor Kathleen A 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT

Previously, we reported on bone histomorphometry, biochemical markers, and bone mineral density distribution after 6 and 24 months of treatment with teriparatide (TPTD) or zoledronic acid (ZOL) in the SHOTZ study. The study included a 12-month primary study period, with treatment (TPTD 20 μg/d by subcutaneous injection or ZOL 5 mg/yr by intravenous infusion) randomized and double-blind until the month 6 biopsy (TPTD, n = 28; ZOL, n = 30 evaluable), then open-label, with an optional 12-month extension receiving the original treatment. A second biopsy (TPTD, n = 10; ZOL, n = 9) was collected from the contralateral side at month 24. Here we present data on remodeling-based bone formation (RBF), modeling-based bone formation (MBF), and overflow modeling-based bone formation (oMBF, modeling overflow adjacent to RBF sites) in the cancellous, endocortical, and periosteal envelopes. RBF was significantly greater after TPTD versus ZOL in all envelopes at 6 and 24 months, except the periosteal envelope at 24 months. MBF was significantly greater with TPTD in all envelopes at 6 months but not at 24 months. oMBF was significantly greater at 6 months in the cancellous and endocortical envelopes with TPTD, with no significant differences at 24 months. At 6 months, total bone formation surface was also significantly greater in each envelope with TPTD treatment (all p &lt; 0.001). For within-group comparisons from 6 to 24 months, no statistically significant changes were observed in RBF, MBF, or oMBF in any envelope for either the TPTD or ZOL treatment groups. Overall, TPTD treatment was associated with greater bone formation than ZOL. Taken together the data support the view that ZOL is a traditional antiremodeling agent, wheareas TPTD is a proremodeling anabolic agent that increases bone formation, especially that associated with bone remodeling, including related overflow modeling, with substantial modeling-based bone formation early in the course of treatment. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The effect of short heat treatment on different properties of PET fiber using double beam interference microscopy
Authors: Sokkar T. Z. N. , El‐Farhaty K. A. , El‐Bakary M. A. , Ali A. M. , Ahmed A. A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPluta microscope used to throw light on the effect of heat treatment time on the different properties of poly (ethylene terephthalate) PET fibers. PET fibers were annealed at times ranged from 5 to 30 min at different temperatures (150, 170, 190, 210°C) using two different processes (fast cooling and slow cooling processes) in air. The refractive indices, the shrinkage, orientation factor and crystallinity of PET fibers were determined for different annealing temperature during the short time treatment. The shrinkage percentage and degree of crystallinity increased with increasing the temperature and time of annealing. Microinterferograms are given for illustration.
Gene analysis and structure prediction for the cold‐adaption mechanism of trypsin from the krill Euphausia superba (Dana, 1852)
Authors: Zhou Tingting , Wang Xichang , Yan Juan , Li Yan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe ability of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba (Dana, 1852), to thrive in a cold environment comes from its capacity to synthesize cold‐adapted enzymes. Its trypsin, as a main substance in the metabolic reactions, plays a key role in the adaption to low temperatures. However, the progress of research on its cold‐adaption mechanism is being influenced due to the limited information on its gene and spatial structure.RESULTSWe studied the gene of E. superba trypsin with transcriptome sequencing first, and then discussed its cold‐adaption mechanism with the full gene and predicted structure basing on bioinformatics. The results showed the proportion of certain residues played important roles in the cold‐adaptation behavior for trypsin. Furthermore, a higher proportion of random coils and reduced steric hindrance might also be key factors promoting its cold adaption.CONCLUSIONThis research aimed to reveal the cold‐adaption mechanism of E. superba trypsin and provide support for basic research on molecular modification by site‐directed mutagenesis of complementary DNA used to produce new and improved recombinant variants with cold adaption. Furthermore, it may broaden its commercial application on minimizing undesirable changes elevated at higher temperature in food processing and in treatment of trauma and inflammation in medicine. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
The RAS mutation status predicts survival in patients undergoing hepatic resection for colorectal liver metastases: The results from a genetic analysis of all‐RAS
Authors: Amikura Katsumi , Akagi Kiwamu , Ogura Toshiro , Takahashi Amane , Sakamoto Hirohiko 
Published: November 2017

IntroductionWe investigated the impact of mutations in KRAS exons 3‐4 and NRAS exons 2‐3 in addition to KRAS exon 2, so‐called all‐RAS mutations, in patients with colorectal liver metastasis (CLM) undergoing hepatic resection.MethodsWe analyzed 421 samples from CLM patients for their all‐RAS mutation status to compare the overall survival rate (OS), recurrence‐free survival rate (RFS), and the pattern of recurrence between the patients with and without RAS mutations.ResultsRAS mutations were detected in 191 (43.8%). Thirty‐two rare mutations (12.2%) were detected in 262 patients with KRAS exon 2 wild‐type. After excluding 79 patients who received anti‐EGFR antibody therapy, 168 were classified as all‐RAS wild‐type, and 174 as RAS mutant‐type. A multivariate analysis of factors associated with OS and RFS identified the RAS status as an independent factor (OS; hazard ratio [HR] = 1.672, P = 0.0031, RFS; HR = 1.703, P = 0.0024). Recurrence with lung metastasis was observed significantly more frequent in patients with RAS mutations than in patients with RAS wild‐type (P = 0.0005).ConclusionsApproximately half of CLM patients may have a RAS mutation. CLM patients with RAS mutations had a significantly worse survival rate in comparison to patients with RAS wild‐type, regardless of the administration of anti‐EGFR antibody therapy.
Phase II trial of preoperative chemoradiation plus perioperative SOX chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Liu Xiaowen , Li Guichao , Long Ziwen , Yin Jiliang , Zhu Xiaodong , Sheng Weiqi , Huang Dan , Zhu Hui , Zhang Zhaozhen , Cai Hong , Huang Hua , Zhao Guangfa , Zhou Ye , Zhang Zhen , Wang Yanong 
Published: November 2017

Background and PurposeThe ideal treatment strategy of patients with locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma is unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of preoperative chemoradiation in these patients.Patients and MethodsAll patients underwent laparoscopic exploration or exploratory laparotomy before chemoradiation. Patients received one cycle of S‐1 and oxalipatin followed by concurrent radiation and chemotherapy, then underwent another cycle of S‐1 and oxalipatin. Surgery was performed 6‐8 weeks after completing radiochemotherapy. The rate of curative gastrectomy and survival were investigated. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrial.gov, number NCT02024217.ResultsFrom April 2012 to August 2014, 40 patients were enrolled in the trial, and 36 patients were assessable. The most common hematologic toxic effects were leukopenia (80.6%), neutropenia (69.4%), and thrombocytopenia (50%); the most common nonhematologic toxic effects were anorexia (50%), nausea (22.3%), and vomiting (13.9%). There were no treatment related deaths. A total of 33 patients underwent second exploratory laparotomy after preoperative chemoradiation, and 24 (67%) patients received curative gastrectomy. The rates of pathological complete response (pCR) were 13.9%. The medial survival time (MST) was 30.3 months.ConclusionPreoperative chemoradiation may be an effective treatment strategy among patients with locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma.
Transected thin melanoma: Implications for sentinel lymph node staging
Authors: Herbert Garth , Karakousis Giorgos C. , Bartlett Edmund K. , Zaheer Salman , Graham Danielle , Czerniecki Brian J. , Fraker Douglas L. , Ariyan Charlotte , Coit Daniel G. , Brady Mary S. 
Published: November 2017

Background and ObjectivesIndications for sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in patients with thin melanoma (≤1 mm thick) are controversial. We asked whether deep margin (DM) positivity at initial biopsy of thin melanoma is associated with SLN positivity.MethodsCases were identified using prospectively maintained databases at two melanoma centers. Patients who had undergone SLN biopsy for melanoma ≤1 mm were included. DM status was assessed for association with SLN metastasis in univariate and multivariate analyses.Results1413 cases were identified, but only 1129 with known DM status were included. 39% of patients had a positive DM on original biopsy. DM‐positive and DM‐negative patients did not differ significantly in primary thickness, ulceration, or mitotic activity. DM‐positive and DM‐negative patients had similar incidence of SLN metastasis (5.7% vs 3.5%; P = 0.07). Positive DM was not associated with SLN metastasis on univariate analysis (OR 1.69, 95% CI: 0.95‐3.00, P = 0.07) or on multivariate analysis adjusted for Breslow depth, Clark level, mitotic rate, and ulceration (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 0.89‐2.85; P = 0.12).ConclusionsFor patients with thin melanoma, a positive DM on initial biopsy is not associated with risk of SLN metastasis, so DM positivity should not be considered an indication for SLN staging in an otherwise low‐risk patient.
Enhanced headspace single drop microextraction method using deep eutectic solvent based magnetic bucky gels: Application to the determination of volatile aromatic hydrocarbons in water and urine samples
Authors: Yousefi Seyedeh Mahboobeh , Shemirani Farzaneh , Ghorbanian Sohrab Ali 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA facile headspace single drop microextraction method was developed using deep eutectic solvent‐based magnetic bucky gel as the extraction solvent for the first time. The hydrophobic magnetic bucky gel was formed by combining choline chloride/chlorophenol deep eutectic solvent and magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposite. Magnetic susceptibility, high viscosity, high sorbing ability, and tunable extractability of organic analytes are the desirable advantages of the prepared gel. Using a rod magnet as a suspensor in combination with the magnetic susceptibility of the prepared gel resulted in a highly stable droplet. This stable droplet eliminated the possibility of drop dislodgement. The prepared droplet made it possible to complete the extraction process in high temperatures and elevated agitation rates. Furthermore, using larger micro‐droplet volumes without any operational problems became possible. These facts resulted in shorter sample preparation time, higher sensitivity of the method, and lower detection limits. Under the optimized conditions, an enrichment factor of 520–587, limit of detection of 0.05–0.90 ng/mL, and linearity range of 0.2–2000 ng/mL (coefficient of determination = 0.9982–0.9995) were obtained. Relative standard deviations were < 10%. This method was successfully coupled with gas chromatography and used for the determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene isomers as harmful volatile organic compounds in water and urine samples.
Reversible Modulation of Elasticity in Fluoroazobenzene‐Containing Hydrogels Using Green and Blue Light
Authors: Zhao Fangli , Bonasera Aurelio , Nöchel Ulrich , Behl Marc , Bléger David 
Published: November 2017

AbstractHydrogels are soft materials that have found multiple applications in biomedicine and represent a good platform for the introduction of molecular switches and synthetic machines into macromolecular networks. Tuning their mechanical properties reversibly with light is appealing for a variety of advanced applications and has been demonstrated in the past; however, their activation typically requires the use of UV light, which displays several drawbacks related to its damaging character and limited penetration in tissues and materials. This study circumvents this limitation by introducing all‐visible ortho‐fluoroazobenzene switches into a hydrophilic network, which, as a result, can be activated with green or blue light. Photoisomerization of the photochromic moieties is accompanied by a reversible tuning of the elastic modulus. The translation of molecular isomerization within the network into macroscopic modulation of its mechanical properties is attributed to different aggregation tendencies of the E and Z isomers of the azobenzene derivatives.
A multimass correction for multicomponent fluid flow simulation using smoothed particle hydrodynamics
Authors: Prasanna Kumar S. S. , Patnaik B. S. V. 
Published: November 2017

SummaryIn multicomponent fluid flow simulations using smoothed particle hydrodynamics, the Lagrangian particles used are mostly of equal mass. This is preferred over multimass particle setup (particles with different values of mass), as it resolves the fluid interfaces comparatively better. But the flip side of using uniform mass particle setup is that it may not be computationally economical in situations with large‐density ratios. Hence, using multimass particle setup is both economical and perhaps inevitable. An attractive feature of multimass particle setup is that it allows uniform resolution in regions with different values of density. To take advantage of the multimass setup, it is therefore imperative to reduce the error associated with its usage. In this work, we present suitable multimass correction terms and assess its effectiveness using the ∇h–smooth particle hydrodynamics scheme. Standard benchmark problems, viz, shock tube test, triple‐point shock test, Rayleigh‐Taylor instability, and Kelvin‐Helmholtz instability were solved with multimass particle setup, where significant improvements could be achieved in resolving the associated contact discontinuities.