bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Sulfur−Selenium Co‐polymers as Cathodic Materials for Lithium Batteries
Authors: Gomez Iñaki , Mantione Daniele , Leonet Olatz , Blazquez J. Alberto , Mecerreyes David 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLithium−sulfur is being explored as a promising battery technology, owing to due to advantages compared to the actual Li ion. However, sulfur cathode materials have critical drawbacks that limit their battery performance. Recently, the atomic combination of sulfur with selenium has shown a synergetic effect in terms of capacity and rate capability; nevertheless, a high‐energy and non‐scalable method was used to prepare the sulfur−selenium cathodes. In this work, the synthesis of sulfur−selenium hybrid co‐polymers is reported by using a low‐energy and scalable inverse vulcanization method. Thus, a series of chalcogenide hybrid inorganic/organic materials were synthesized by varying the sulfur, selenium, and organic content. The chalcogenide part was characterized by using Raman spectroscopy and 77Se NMR, showing a random distribution of selenium within the sulfur segments. The organic part and the hybrid were further characterized by using 1H NMR, DSC, and TGA approaches, confirming the typical structure of inverse vulcanized co‐polymers. These hybrids were easily processed by conventional cathode fabrication methods and electrochemically characterized. The presence of selenium slightly affected the cyclic voltammetry of the materials, maintaining the typical features to be used as cathodes in lithium−sulfur batteries. Interestingly, the sulfur−selenium cathodes showed an enhanced C‐rate capability and high cycling stability. The optimum co‐polymer composition was 5 to 7.5 mol % of Se within S and 10 wt % of organic co‐monomer, showing initial capacity values of 860 and 880 mAh g−1, respectively, for a moderate C‐rate of C/5. These polymers showed the lowest capacity loss per cycle, 0.14 and 0.4 %, in comparison with the 0.6 % of capacity loss of the polymer with bare sulfur. Interestingly, for a lithium−sulfur cell, the best performing material shows an excellent capacity value of 550 mAh g−1 at high C rate of 1C.
Deconvolution of Cyclic Voltammograms for Blended Lithium Insertion Compounds by using a Model‐Like Blend Electrode
Authors: Heubner Christian , Liebmann Tobias , Lämmel Christoph , Schneider Michael , Michaelis Alexander 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe blending of different lithium insertion compounds is a promising attempt to tailor the electrochemical performance of electrodes for lithium‐ion batteries. Remarkable improvements regarding power density and safety issues have been made. However, the understanding of basic interactions between the constituents of the blend is still ongoing. Herein, we separate the current responses from the individual constituents during cyclic voltammetric measurements by using a special experimental setup and a model‐like blended insertion electrode. This approach enables the deconvolution of the cyclic voltammogram of the blend, assignment of redox peaks, identification of kinetic limitations, and observation of internal dynamics, gaining fundamental insights towards the properties of blended insertion electrodes.
Metal Loading Effect on the Activity of Co3O4/N‐Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites as Bifunctional Oxygen Reduction/Evolution Catalysts
Authors: Kumar Kavita , Abidat Ismail , Canaff Christine , Habrioux Aurélien , Morais Cláudia , Napporn Teko W. , Kokoh K. Boniface 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe development of effective and stable reversible oxygen electrodes is of upmost importance for bringing regenerative energy storage and conversion systems to a commercial reality. However, realization of such electrodes is motivated by low activity and instability of the current electrocatalysts working for both water splitting and oxygen reduction. Herein, we report a series of Co3O4/graphene‐based catalysts with different Co mass loadings prepared by using a facile one‐step hydrothermal route. N‐doped reduced graphene oxide (NRGO) was utilized as a substrate for the deposition of oxide particles. The structural properties and surface composition of the different materials were investigated by powder X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. The effect of Co mass loading on the morphostructural properties of oxide nanoparticles and also on their electroactivity towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) was addressed. This study revealed the optimum range for metal loading on the graphene substrate. Co3O4/NRGO with a Co mass loading of 30 wt.% exhibits the highest activity towards ORR and OER, with a reversibility criterion of 763 mV. This work is very helpful for the electrocatalysis community, and will allow effective catalysts to be developed for high‐power metal/air battery or regenerative fuel cell systems, based on earth‐abundant and scalable electrocatalysts.
The Interaction Modes of Haloimidazolium Salts in Solution
Authors: Schulz Nils , Sokkar Pandian , Engelage Elric , Schindler Severin , Erdelyi Mate , Sanchez‐Garcia Elsa , Huber Stefan M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe performed a comparative study on the interaction modes of 2‐haloimidazolium salts with anions in solution, particularly with regard to halogen bonding, hydrogen bonding and anion–π interactions. The syntheses and solid‐state analyses of a series of sterically and electronically modified 2‐haloimidazolium structures are presented. Detailed isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) measurements, quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM), classical molecular dynamics simulations (MD) and free‐energy calculations together with NMR spectroscopy were used to elucidate the binding modes in solution. Our work reveals the absence of a potential anion–π interaction between the cationic imidazolium ring and the Lewis basic counteranion, and corroborates a formation of halogen bonding via the Lewis acidic iodine moiety and hydrogen bonding via the backbone hydrogen atoms, with repercussions in the field of organocatalysis.
Exploiting λ‐Orthogonal Photoligation for Layered Surface Patterning
Authors: Lederhose Paul , Abt Doris , Welle Alexander , Müller Rouven , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher , Blinco James P. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe exploit λ‐orthogonal photoligation of nitrile imine‐mediated tetrazole‐ene cycloaddition (NITEC) chemistry to generate complex, interconnected surface modifications via a simple layered surface patterning approach. By judicious choice of activating chromophores, we introduce a one pot reaction where nitrile imine formation can be triggered independently of other tetrazoles present. When irradiated with visible light, a tetrazole bearing a pyrene chromophore undergoes quantitative elimination of nitrogen to release nitrile imine (which subsequently undergoes trapping with a dipolarophile in a 1,3 dipolar cycloaddition) whereas a tetrazole bearing a phenyl moiety remains unreacted. Subsequent irradiation of the solution with UV light yields the N‐phenyl containing nitrile imine quantitatively, while the pyrene pyrazoline adduct remains unchanged. This λ‐orthogonal photoligation was subsequently exploited for the generation of layered patterned surfaces. Specifically, the visible light active tetrazole was grafted to a silicon wafer and subsequently photolithographically patterned with a dipolarophile modified with a UV‐active tetrazole. Various electron deficient olefins were then patterned in a spatially resolved manner relying on different light activation. The desired functionality was successfully imaged on the silicon wafers using time‐of‐flight–secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS), demonstrating that a powerful mask‐less lithographic platform technology has been established.
Regulated recruitment of SRGAP1 modulates RhoA signaling for contractility during epithelial junction maturation
Authors: Liang Xuan , Kiru Sajini , Gomez Guillermo A. , Yap Alpha S. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAdherens junctions in epithelia are contractile structures, where coupling of adhesion to the actomyosin cytoskeleton generates mechanical tension for morphogenesis and homeostasis. In established monolayers, junctional contractility is supported by the interplay between cell signals and scaffolding proteins. However, less is known about how contractile junctions develop, especially during the establishment of epithelial monolayers. Here, we show that junctional tension increases concomitant with accumulation of actomyosin networks as Caco‐2 epithelia become confluent. This is associated with development of a zone of RhoA signaling at junctions. Further, we find that the low levels of RhoA signaling and contractility found in subconfluent cultures reflect a mechanism for their active suppression. Specifically, the RhoA antagonist, SRGAP1, is present at subconfluent junctions to a greater extent than in confluent cultures and SRGAP1 RNAi restores RhoA signaling and contractility in subconfluent cultures to levels seen in confluent cells. Overall, these observations suggest that regulated changes in junctional contractility mediated by modulation of RhoA signaling occur as epithelial monolayers mature.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Pyrrolo[2,1‐f][1,2,4]triazine C‐Nucleosides with a Ribose, 2′‐Deoxyribose, and 2′,3′‐Dideoxyribose Sugar Moiety
Authors: Li Qingfeng , Lescrinier Eveline , Groaz Elisabetta , Persoons Leentje , Daelemans Dirk , Herdewijn Piet , De Jonghe Steven 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe synthesis of hitherto unknown pyrrolo[2,1‐f][1,2,4]triazine C‐nucleosides is described. Structural variations (chlorine, bromine, iodine, and cyano groups) were introduced at position 7 of 4‐aza‐7,9‐dideazaadenine. In addition, pyrrolo[2,1‐f][1,2,4]triazine C‐nucleosides bearing a 2′‐deoxy‐, 2′,3′‐dideoxy‐, and 2′,3′‐dehydrodideoxyribose moiety were also prepared. Among these analogues, the pyrrolo[2,1‐f][1,2,4]triazine C‐ribonucleosides with either a hydrogen atom or cyano group at position 7 of the nucleobase displayed potent cytotoxic activity in a panel of various cancer cell lines.
A comparison of Lenz lenses and LC resonators for NMR signal enhancement
Authors: Jouda Mazin , Kamberger Robert , Leupold Jochen , Spengler Nils , Hennig Jürgen , Gruschke Oliver , Korvink Jan G. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractHigh signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of the NMR signal has always been a key target that drives massive research effort in many fields. Among several parameters, a high filling factor of the MR coil has proven to boost the SNR. In case of small‐volume samples, a high filling factor and thus a high SNR can be achieved through miniaturizing the MR coil. However, under certain circumstances, this can be impractical. In this paper, we present an extensive theoretical and experimental investigation of the inductively coupled LC resonator and the magnetic Lenz lens as two candidate approaches that can enhance the SNR in such circumstances. The results demonstrate that the narrow‐band LC resonator is superior in terms of SNR, while the non‐tuned nature of the Lenz lens makes it preferable in broadband applications.
Expression profile of N‐cadherin and protocadherin‐19 in postnatal mouse limbic structures
Authors: Schaarschuch Anne , Hertel Nicole 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCadherins are a superfamily of calcium‐dependent cell adhesion molecules that are involved in brain development and organization. Previous genetic studies revealed that mutations in protocadherin‐19 (Pcdh19) lead to an epilepsy syndrome with a variable degree of cognitive disability. Seizure origins are located in the frontotemporal and limbic structures. Expression studies of Pcdh19 in mouse confirmed a widespread presence during brain development while the function and the pathogenesis of Pcdh19 are still unknown in mammals. The neuronal cadherin (N‐cadherin; Ncdh) is known for its important role in neurulation, brain development and regulation of synaptic function. Studies in zebrafish revealed that both cadherins can interact with each other in cell adhesion. We investigated the expression pattern of Pcdh19 and Ncdh in limbic structures at four postnatal stages of C57BL/6J mice by using double‐label in situ hybridization. Results confirm a strong expression of both, Ncdh and Pcdh19, in structures of the limbic system with overlapping expression patterns particularly within regions of the amygdala, the hippocampus and the ventral hypothalamus. A detailed analysis of the limbic system highlight clear expression boundaries between several nuclei and reveal the fine regulation of Pcdh19 and Ncdh expression during the first postnatal week. Most expression patterns of both cadherins remain constant with a few exceptions particularly between P2 and P5.
Channel characterization of EM waves propagation at MHz frequency through seawater
Authors: Tahir Muhammad , Yan Piao , Shuo Liu 
Published: November 2017

SummaryElectromagnetic (EM) communication is considered as a suitable physical layer choice for SeaWater. SeaWater EM communication presents advantages over acoustic and optical in shallow water and deep oceans.Theoretical analysis of EM wave propagation in SeaWater helps us to estimate maximum distance covered in SeaWater at multiple depth points up to 5500 m. Mathematics of EM propagation in SeaWater (conducting medium) shows dependence on f (Hz), ϵ (F/m), and σ(S/m) of transmission medium. This paper presents channel characteristics of EM waves propagation at 1 to 20 MHz frequency through SeaWater based on real time data of SeaWater T (C°) and S(ppt) for averaged decades from 1955 to 2012 up to 5500 m.We estimated SeaWater σ (S/m), ϵr (F/m) (using Stogryns model), α (Np/m) (using Helmholtz model), Z(ohms), fT(Hz), vp(m/second), τ(second), and Pr(dBm) (using Maxwell equations and Friis law). Analysis of these parameters against multiple depths of SeaWater and frequencies shows that we can not assume constant σ (S/m) (4), ϵr (F/m) (81), fT (Hz) (888 MHz),vp(m/second) (3.33∗107), and τ (second) (8.2∗10−12) for SeaWater. Estimated Pr(dBm) helped us to analyze that for lower transmission frequencies (means higher
) and for lower σ(S/m), Pr(dBm) decays linearly. While for higher frequencies (means lower
) and for higher σ(S/m), Pr(dBm) faces sudden exponential decay. That negates sudden exponential delay (in general) of Pr(dBm) in SeaWater; it was only possible by assuming constant SeaWater ϵr (F/m) and σ(S/m). Our paper illustrates radio frequency communication for SeaWater in 1 to 20 MHz range and also provides comprehensive performance analysis using MATLAB simulation tool.
An intelligent efficient scheduling algorithm for big data in communication systems
Authors: Bu Fanyu 
Published: November 2017

SummaryRecently, a large number of mobile computing devices with embedded systems have been widely employed for big data analysis in communication systems. However, mobile computing devices usually have a limited energy supply. Consequently, green and low‐energy computing has become an important research topic for big data analysis in communication systems when using energy‐limited mobile computing devices. In this paper, we propose a reinforcement learning‐based intelligent scheduling algorithm for big data analysis by increasing the utilization and reducing the energy consumption of the processors. Specially, we design a reinforcement learning model, as an important big data intelligent technique, to select an appropriate dynamic voltage and frequency scaling technique for configuring the voltage and frequency according to the current system state, which can improve the utilization and optimize the energy consumption effectively. Furthermore, we implement a learning algorithm to train the parameters of the reinforcement learning model. Our proposed scheduling approach is able to improve the resource utilization and save the energy for big data analysis in communication systems when performing tasks on mobile computing devices with embedded systems. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can save 2% to 4% energy than the compared algorithm.
Seismic energy dissipation under variable amplitude loading for rectangular RC members in flexure
Authors: Liu Zhefeng , Wang Yukui , Cao Zhixiong , Chen Yuping , Hu Yi 
Published: November 2017

SummaryThe energy dissipation characteristics of reinforced concrete members that exhibit both strength and stiffness deterioration under imposed displacement reversals were investigated. To do this, 24 symmetrically reinforced concrete rectangular specimens were tested under stable variable and random variable amplitude inelastic displacement cycles. Stable variable amplitude tests were employed to determine the low‐cycle fatigue behavior of specimens where the loading sequence was the major variable. A 2‐parameter fatigue model was developed in order to express the variation of the dissipated energy in displacement cycles with the cumulative hysteretic energy. This model was then used to predict the energy dissipation of test specimens subjected to random variable amplitude displacement cycles simulating severe seismic excitations. It has been demonstrated that the remaining energy dissipation capacity for the next displacement cycle was dependent on the relative relationship between the maximal displacement cycle and the energy dissipated along the completed displacement path. The plastic energy dissipation capacity of reinforced concrete members is both displacement path dependent and cumulative hysteretic energy dependent.
Do Disordered Eating Behaviours Have Long‐term Health‐related Consequences?
Authors: Kärkkäinen Ulla , Mustelin Linda , Raevuori Anu , Kaprio Jaakko , Keski‐Rahkonen Anna 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveLong‐term health‐related consequences of disordered eating behaviours of young adults remain poorly understood. We examined whether disordered eating behaviours in mid‐20s are associated with physical and mental health 10 years later.MethodsWomen (n = 2631) and men (n = 2394) from a population‐based FinnTwin16 cohort were assessed using three subscales of the Eating Disorder Inventory‐2 at age 24. Self‐rated health, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and psychological distress were assessed at age 24 and reassessed 10 years later.ResultsIn crude models, disordered eating behaviours at age 24 were associated cross‐sectionally and prospectively with poor self‐rated health, higher BMI, larger waist circumference and psychological distress in both sexes. In models adjusted for baseline BMI and potential confounders, disordered eating behaviours predicted increased psychological distress in both sexes and poor self‐rated health in men.ConclusionsAmong young adults, disordered eating behaviours are associated with long‐term health‐related consequences, particularly psychological distress. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Family‐based tests for associating haplotypes with general phenotype data
Authors: Hecker Julian , Xu Xin , Townes F. William , Loehlein Fier Heide , Corcoran Chris , Laird Nan , Lange Christoph 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTFor family‐based association studies, Horvath et al. proposed an algorithm for the association analysis between haplotypes and arbitrary phenotypes when the phase of the haplotypes is unknown, that is, genotype data is given. Their approach to haplotype analysis maintains the original features of the TDT/FBAT‐approach, that is, complete robustness against genetic confounding and misspecification of the phenotype. The algorithm has been implemented in the FBAT and PBAT software package and has been used in numerous substantive manuscripts. Here, we propose a simplification of the original algorithm that maintains the original approach but reduces the computational burden of the approach substantially and gives valuable insights regarding the conditional distribution. With the modified algorithm, the application to whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) studies becomes feasible; for example, in sliding window approaches or spatial‐clustering approaches. The reduction of the computational burden that our modification provides is especially dramatic when both parental genotypes are missing. For example, for eight variants and 441 nuclear families with mostly offspring‐only families, in a WGS study at the APOE locus, the running time decreased from approximately 21 hr for the original algorithm to 0.11 sec after our modification.
Mapping the structural and functional network architecture of the medial temporal lobe using 7T MRI
Authors: Shah Preya , Bassett Danielle S. , Wisse Laura E.M. , Detre John A. , Stein Joel M. , Yushkevich Paul A. , Shinohara Russell T. , Pluta John B. , Valenciano Elijah , Daffner Molly , Wolk David A. , Elliott Mark A. , Litt Brian , Davis Kathryn A. , Das Sandhitsu R. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMedial temporal lobe (MTL) subregions play integral roles in memory function and are differentially affected in various neurological and psychiatric disorders. The ability to structurally and functionally characterize these subregions may be important to understanding MTL physiology and diagnosing diseases involving the MTL. In this study, we characterized network architecture of the MTL in healthy subjects (n = 31) using both resting state functional MRI and MTL‐focused T2‐weighted structural MRI at 7 tesla. Ten MTL subregions per hemisphere, including hippocampal subfields and cortical regions of the parahippocampal gyrus, were segmented for each subject using a multi‐atlas algorithm. Both structural covariance matrices from correlations of subregion volumes across subjects, and functional connectivity matrices from correlations between subregion BOLD time series were generated. We found a moderate structural and strong functional inter‐hemispheric symmetry. Several bilateral hippocampal subregions (CA1, dentate gyrus, and subiculum) emerged as functional network hubs. We also observed that the structural and functional networks naturally separated into two modules closely corresponding to (a) bilateral hippocampal formations, and (b) bilateral extra‐hippocampal structures. Finally, we found a significant correlation in structural and functional connectivity (r = 0.25). Our findings represent a comprehensive analysis of network topology of the MTL at the subregion level. We share our data, methods, and findings as a reference for imaging methods and disease‐based research.
Retrospective multicenter study of leaving the placenta in situ for patients with placenta previa on a cesarean scar
Authors: Miyakoshi Kei , Otani Toshimitsu , Kondoh Eiji , Makino Shintaro , Tanaka Mamoru , Takeda Satoru ,   the Perinatal Research Network Group in Japan
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate maternal outcomes after leaving the placenta in situ for placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders in patients with placenta previa on a cesarean delivery scar.MethodsThe present retrospective study reviewed medical records from women with placenta previa on a cesarean scar underwent perinatal care at secondary‐ or tertiary‐level perinatal centers in Japan between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2014. Perinatal management was conducted based on each leading obstetrician's discretion. The primary outcome was success of the leaving the placenta in situ approach for PAS disorders (defined as preserving the uterus without hysterectomy).ResultsOf 178 eligible centers, 126 (71%) participated in this study; data from 613 patients were included. Of these, 41 had the placenta left in situ owing to PAS disorders and follow‐up data were available for 36 women. Leaving the placenta in situ was successful in 25 (69%) patients, with placental resorption occurring postpartum (median 89 days; range 6–510). Hysterectomy was performed for 11 patients, primarily owing to hemorrhage and/or infection (median 30 days; range 0–95 days, postpartum).ConclusionLeaving the placenta in situ, with close postpartum follow‐up for at least several months, could be a uterus‐preserving option for patient with PAS disorders.