bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How does Organizational Justice influence Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment? Explaining with Psychological Capital
Authors: Totawar Abhishek Kumar , Nambudiri Ranjeet 
Published: January 2017

‘Looking fair’ is the desired goal of individuals and organizations. Fairness perceptions of organizational actions, by employees, translate into various favourable work outcomes. For instance, perceptions of fairness, defined as organizational justice, significantly influences attitudinal variables as job satisfaction and organizational commitment. However, the existing literature does not offer complete picture of this influence. In other words, the ‘underlying mechanism’ governing the influence of organizational justice on job satisfaction and organizational commitment is not fully understood. On the basis of extant literature review and arguments grounded in the social exchange theory, and ‘broaden and build’ theory of positive emotions, this study identifies psychological capital (PsyCap) as an explanatory mechanism for the influence of organizational justice on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The primary objective of this study was to test a theoretical and structural model that hypothesized mediation of PsyCap in the influence of organizational justice on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. A survey-based methodology, with standardized scales was used. A pilot study was conducted to test the scale properties. A sample of 440 employees from the Indian service sector industry was drawn. A two-step process of analysis, with AMOS 16, was employed to test the structural model. The scales were assessed and found fit for reliability and validity criteria. Besides examining the significance of indirect effects using the bias-corrected confidence intervals with two-thousand bootstrap samples, the study also applied alternative⁄nested structural equation models to test the mediation hypotheses. Results are found to be consistent with the stated hypotheses thus confirming the mediation of PsyCap in the influence of organizational justice on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The findings of this study advance available knowledge on job satisfaction and organizational commitment; and provide impetus to research in this domain by identifying PsyCap as an intervening variable. The study thus extends the application of PsyCap as an organizational variable capable of translating the effect of justice on satisfaction and commitment. It also supports and extends the view of previous researchers that PsyCap is a significant positive organizational behaviour (POB) variable, as it is capable of performance improvement and is open to development. From a managerial perspective, given the ‘open to control’ nature of PsyCap, it renders a significant tool in the hands of managers to control the satisfaction and commitment of their employees. Moreover, controlling PsyCap is much easier as compared to directly controlling justice perceptions.
Volunteering: The Role of Individual-level Psychological Variables
Authors: Bathini Dharma Raju , Vohra Neharika 
Published: January 2017

A broad range of activities are often included in volunteering. The motivations for volunteering are also many-faceted. Volunteers form most of the workforce in India's non-profit sector, which is one of the largest and fastest growing sectors in the world. However, volunteering in India has hardly received any scholarly attention. Applying our understanding based on findings on volunteering has been warned against since volunteering does not even mean the same thing for different people living in different cultures and countries. This study thus attempts to understand the kind of people who are drawn to volunteering. Specifically, the role of personality traits, values, and self-efficacy beliefs of those who volunteer are explored. Volunteering activities, it is argued, can be of two types — help volunteering, leading to altruism and helping, and involvement volunteering, requiring personal involvement in the community. It is argued that values and self-efficacy beliefs mediate the role of traits in volunteering. A survey was administered to 228 postgraduate students studying in a professional college. Standardized scales for measuring volunteering do not allow the distinction between help and involvement volunteering. Therefore a scale was designed to measure the extent of volunteering based on the context of the college from which the students were sampled. Personality traits, self-efficacy beliefs, and values were measured using standardized scales. Data was analysed using PLS-SEM. It was found that agreeableness and extraversion traits, universalism values, and social self-efficacy beliefs were positively correlated with help volunteering. Extraversion trait, stimulation value, and social self-efficacy beliefs were positively correlated with involvement volunteering. Universalism fully mediated the effect of agreeableness on help volunteering. No support was found for the mediation of self-efficacy beliefs on help or involvement volunteering. The study demonstrates the importance of distinguishing between helping and involvement types of volunteering. The reasons and type of people who volunteer to help seem to be different from those who volunteer to get involved in the community or cause. Further investigation with larger and more diverse sample would help in contributing further to the understanding of volunteers and their motivations. The study has managerial implications mainly in terms of helping selection and retaining of volunteers for various types of activities and in promotion and branding of volunteering events and organizations. Communication for attracting volunteers that require help or involvement may be designed differently for helping kind of activities versus those that require involvement of people.
Effects of Long Term Exposure to Infrasound on Growth, Activity, and Urinary 17-OHCS Levels in Rats
Authors: Shiraishi T. , Miyashita K. , Yamasumi Y. , Kuroda M. , Yoshida Y. , Nishimura K. , Matsumoto K. , Takeda S. 
Published: January 2017

To clarify the physiological effects of infrasound, 42 day-old male Wistar rats were exposed to 16Hz infrasound at 120 B for 28 days. We measured body weight, spontaneous running activity, and urinary 17-OHCS levels. The exposure group was exposed to infrasound in the exposure chamber and the control group was housed in the same chamber without exposure. Each group was further subdivided into two subgroups, a sedentary group and an exercise group. The exercise group was housed with a rotating wheel cage adjoining the feed cage. It was found that: The growth was slower in the exposure group than in the control group. Spontaneous running activity of the exposure group increased significantly from 20 days after the start of infrasound exposure. Urinary 17-OHCS levels increased in 3 days after the start of infrasound exposure. These results suggested that infrasound acted as a stressor.
Physicochemical Surface and Catalytic Properties of the Na2O-doped CuO–ZnO/Al2O3 System
Authors: El-Shobaky G.A. , Fagal G.A. , Ahmed A.S. , Mokhtar M. 
Published: January 2017

In order to investigate the effect of Na2O doping (0.75–4.5 mol%) on metal oxide-support interactions, the surface and catalytic properties of the CuO–ZnO/Al2O3 system have been studied using XRD, nitrogen adsorption at -196°C and the catalytic oxidation of CO by O2 at 150–200°C. Pure and doped mixed oxide solid samples were prepared via the wet impregnation method using Al(OH)3, NaNO3. Zn(NO3)2 and Cu(NO3)2 solutions, followed by drying and calcination at 600°C and 700°C.The nominal composition of the solids thus prepared was 0.25CuO:0.06ZnO: Al2O3. The results obtained showed that Na2O doping followed by heating in air at 600°C leads to enhanced crystallization of the CuO crystallites to an extent proportional to the amount of dopant present, while doping followed by heating in air at 700°C hinders the solid–solid interactions between CuO andA12O3, and leads to the production of CuAl2O4. The specific surface area was found to increase progressively as a function of the dopant concentration for the solid calcined at 700°C. The catalytic activity was also found to increase progressively on increasing the amount of dopant added. The maximum increase in the catalytic activity measured at 150, 175 and 200°C over solids calcined at 700°C was 114, 102 and 82%. respectively. The doping process did not modify the mechanism of the catalyzed reaction but rather increased the concentration of catalytically active constituents (surface CuO crystallites) involved in the chemisorption and catalysis of the CO oxidation reaction without affecting their energetic nature.
Surface Characteristics of the Pure and Li2O-doped MoO3/Al2O3 System
Authors: El-Shobaky G.A. , Khalil Kh.A. 
Published: January 2017

Two series of MoO3/Al2O3 solids, having the nominal compositions 0.2MoO3: Al2O3 and 0.5MoO3:A12O3, were prepared by impregnating finely powdered Al(OH)3 samples with calculated amounts of ammonium molybdate solutions. The solids thus obtained were dried at 120°C and then calcined in air at temperatures varying between 400°C and 1000°C. The doped samples were prepared by treating Al(OH)3 with LiNO3 solutions prior to impregnation with ammonium molybdate. The dopant concentrations employed were 1.5 and 6.0 mol% Li2O, respectively. The surface characteristics, viz. the specific surface area (SBET), the total pore volume (VP) and the mean pore radius (r) of the various pure and doped solids were measured from nitrogen adsorption isotherms conducted at -196°C. The SBET data measured for different adsorbents calcined at various temperatures enabled the apparent activation energy for sintering (ΔE3) to be determined for all the adsorbents investigated. The results obtained reveal that the SBET value of the pure and doped solids decreased on increasing the calcination temperature in the range 400–1000°C. The decrease was, however, more pronounced when the calcination temperature increased from 500°C to 700°C due to the formation of Al2(MoO4)3. Lithium oxide doping decreased the SBET value of the solid samples investigated and also decreased the activation energy for sintering to an extent proportional to the amount of dopant present. The sintering process for the pure and doped solids proceeds, mainly, via a particle adhesion mechanism.
Meta-Morphological Technique for a Multi-Parameter Design Index
Authors: Lalvani Haresh 
Published: January 2017

Complex design and morphologic problems, consisting of multiple parameters, can be described, modelled and indexed using a meta-morphological technique presented here. All design and morphologic variables can be mapped in Euclidean n-dimensional space, where n is the number of variables. This meta-space contains all the possible solutions to the problem and each point in this solution n-space is a candidate solution. The desired solution, represented by a specific point in this space and coded (addressed) by its n-dimension Cartesian co-ordinates, is ranked by the hyper-distance of this point from the origin. The hyper-distance itself provides a design index (or hyper-index) of the solution and can be determined by the known hyper-Pythagorean theorem. The procedure is recursive and applies to complex design problems which are hierarchical and composed of problem-within-problem-within-problems. Here the parameters are composed of subparameters, and the solutions are correspondingly mapped in a recursive, fractal n-cube composed of sub-cubes composed of sub-sub-cubes. The total composite index is determined by the recursive application of the hyper-Pythagorean theorem and represents a quantification of the morphological complexity of the design. The model is independent of the design problem, and has attractive possibilities for application in computer-aided design environments. The application is shown with the hypothetical selection of a space frame from a number of alternatives.
Decorative Means in Forming Crystal Domes and Shells
Authors: Gogoleva N.A. 
Published: January 2017

This paper discusses the conceptual design of decorative crystalline domed structures. The application of the structure itself as a decorative element in combination with three ways of shape-forming: spatial, structural and geometrical, is a feature of such composite shape formation of crystalline domed shells. The author developed a computer-aided design procedure for decorative means of forming crystalline dome-and-shell structures. The procedure can be applied to preliminary multiple-alternative geometrical modelling of ornamental-decorative constructural forming of networks as well as designing the decorative finish to domed shell surfaces.
High pressure–low flow remodeling of the rat saphenous vein wall
Authors: Hetthéssy Judit R , Tőkés Anna-Mária , Kérész Sándor , Balla Petra , Dörnyei Gabriella , Monos Emil , Nádasy György L 
Published: January 2017

Objective To better understand factors that may play a role in the development of varicosities. Methods We induced combined flow-pressure disturbance in the saphenous system of the rat by performing chronic partial clipping of the main branch. Biomechanical and quantitative histological testing was undertaken. Results A rich microvenous network developed. Bloodflow decreased to 0.65 ± 0.18 µl/s (control side, 3.5 ± 1.4 µl/s) and pressure elevated to 6.8 ± 0.7 mmHg (control side, 2.3 ± 0.2 mmHg, p < 0.05). Involution of the wall and lumen was observed (16.5%, 28.7% and 35.5% reduction in outer diameter, wall thickness and wall mass respectively, p < 0.05). Elevated macrophage (CD68) and cell division (Ki67) activity was observed. Elastic tissue and smooth muscle actin became less concentrated in the inner medial layers. Conclusions Low-flow induced morphological shrinking of the lumen in veins may override pressure-induced morphological distension. Loosening of the force-bearing elements during flow-induced wall remodeling may be an important pathological component in varicosity.
Clinical practice with anti-dementia drugs: A revised (third) consensus statement from the British Association for Psychopharmacology
Authors: O’Brien John T , Holmes Clive , Jones Matthew , Jones Roy , Livingston Gill , McKeith Ian , Mittler Peter , Passmore Peter , Ritchie Craig , Robinson Louise , Sampson Elizabeth L , Taylor John-Paul , Thomas Alan , Burns Alistair 
Published: January 2017

The British Association for Psychopharmacology coordinated a meeting of experts to review and revise its previous 2011 guidelines for clinical practice with anti-dementia drugs. As before, levels of evidence were rated using accepted standards which were then translated into grades of recommendation A–D, with A having the strongest evidence base (from randomised controlled trials) and D the weakest (case studies or expert opinion). Current clinical diagnostic criteria for dementia have sufficient accuracy to be applied in clinical practice (B) and both structural (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) and functional (positron emission tomography and single photon emission computerised tomography) brain imaging can improve diagnostic accuracy in particular situations (B). Cholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine) are effective for cognition in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease (A), memantine for moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease (A) and combination therapy (cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine) may be beneficial (B). Drugs should not be stopped just because dementia severity increases (A). Until further evidence is available other drugs, including statins, anti-inflammatory drugs, vitamin E, nutritional supplements and Ginkgo biloba, cannot be recommended either for the treatment or prevention of Alzheimer’s disease (A). Neither cholinesterase inhibitors nor memantine are effective in those with mild cognitive impairment (A). Cholinesterase inhibitors are not effective in frontotemporal dementia and may cause agitation (A), though selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors may help behavioural (but not cognitive) features (B). Cholinesterase inhibitors should be used for the treatment of people with Lewy body dementias (both Parkinson’s disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies), and memantine may be helpful (A). No drugs are clearly effective in vascular dementia, though cholinesterase inhibitors are beneficial in mixed dementia (B). Early evidence suggests multifactorial interventions may have potential to prevent or delay the onset of dementia (B). Though the consensus statement focuses on medication, psychological interventions can be effective in addition to pharmacotherapy, both for cognitive and non-cognitive symptoms. Many novel pharmacological approaches involving strategies to reduce amyloid and/or tau deposition in those with or at high risk of Alzheimer’s disease are in progress. Though results of pivotal studies in early (prodromal/mild) Alzheimer’s disease are awaited, results to date in more established (mild to moderate) Alzheimer’s disease have been equivocal and no disease modifying agents are either licensed or can be currently recommended for clinical use.
Behavior Risk Factors Among Russian Students
Authors: Anischenko Aleksander , Arhangelskaya Anna , Klenov Michael , Burdukova Ekaterina , Ogarev Valrii , Ignatov Nikolay , Osadchenko Irina , Gurevich Konstantin 
Published: January 2017

Purpose To analyze the prevalence of risk factors among Russian students. Methods In this study, 834 students were included from five Federal universities which were localized in four Federal regions of Russian Federation. Future doctors, school teachers, and wellness trainers were included in this study. Students were specifically asked about smoking, physical activity International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and food preference. Waist, hip, weight, and height were measured. Results The region of study and ethnic group were not influenced with respect to age and body mass index ( p > .1), while all other factors had a significant influence ( p < .05). High levels of smoking, hypodynamia, and motivation to intake of unhealthy food were found in medical students in comparison with those in future teachers and wellness instructors ( p < .05). The indicators of central obesity (due to levels of body mass index and waist–hip ratio) were found in medical students. Perspective Special programs to prevent the most common behavior risk factors in future medical doctors have to be designed.
Radiation absorbed dose estimates for 18F-BPA PET
Authors: Kono Yuzuru , Kurihara Hiroaki , Kawamoto Hiroshi , Yasui Naoko , Honda Naoki , Igaki Hiroshi , Itami Jun 
Published: January 2017

Background Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a molecular radiation therapy approach based on the 10B (n, α) 7Li nuclear reaction in cancer cells. In BNCT, delivery of 10B in the form of 4-borono-phenylalanine conjugated with fructose (BPA-fr) to the cancer cells is important. The PET tracer 4-borono-2-18F-fluoro-phenylalanine (FBPA) has been used to predict the accumulation of BPA-fr before BNCT. Purpose To determine the biodistribution and dosimetric parameters in 18F-BPA PET/CT studies. Material and Methods Human biokinetic data were obtained during clinical 18F-BPA PET studies between February and June 2015 at one institution. Nine consecutive patients were studied prospectively. The internal radiation dose was calculated on the basis of radioactivity data from blood, urine, and normal tissue of the heart, liver, spleen, kidney, and other parts of the body at each time point using OLINDA/EXM1.1 program. We compared our calculations with published 18F-FDG data. Results Adult patients (3 men, 3 women; age range, 28–68 years) had significantly smaller absorbed doses than pediatric patients (3 patients; age range, 5–12 years) ( P = 0.003). The mean effective dose was 57% lower in adult patients compared with pediatric patients. Mean effective doses for 18F-BPA were 25% lower than those for 18F-FDG presented in International Commission of Radiation Protection (ICRP) publication 106. Conclusion We found significant differences in organ absorbed doses for 18F-BPA against those for 18F-FDG presented in ICRP publication 106. Mean effective doses for 18F-BPA were smaller than those for 18F-FDG in the publication by 0.5–38% (mean difference, 25%).
Association of VDR polymorphisms (Taq I and Bsm I) with prostate cancer: a new meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Sheng , Cai Hairong , Cheng Weisong , Zhang Haitao , Pan Zhengbo , Wang Dongguo 
Published: January 2017

Objective Prostate cancer is a malignant tumour that poses a serious risk to human health. Epidemiological studies suggest that it may be associated with vitamin D receptor gene ( VDR) polymorphisms. Previous work investigated potential risks between Taq I (rs731236) and Bsm I (rs1544410) VDR polymorphisms with prostate cancer in humans; however, results are inconsistent. Methods We conducted a meta-analysis to retrieve genetic association analyses of rs731236 and rs1544410 polymorphisms with prostate cancer from studies published between 2006–2016. Pooled odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used to assess genetic associations, and heterogeneity was assessed by Q and I2statistics. Results Our findings suggest a significant association between rs731236 and prostate cancer risk in Asians and African Americans, but rs1544410 was not associated with prostate cancer under three genetic models. Conclusion Future studies including larger sample sizes and the analysis of gene functions are needed to help develop prostate cancer treatment.
Serum betatrophin levels are increased and associated with insulin resistance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Qu Qinglan , Zhao Dongmei , Zhang Fengrong , Bao Hongchu , Yang Qiuhua 
Published: January 2017

Objective Betatrophin is a newly identified circulating protein that is significantly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), adiposity, and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate whether betatrophin levels and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were associated. Methods Circulating betatrophin levels were measured in 162 patients with PCOS and 156 matched control females using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Correlations between betatrophin levels and PCOS incidence as well as multiple key endocrine PCOS parameters were analyzed using multiple statistical methods. Results Betatrophin levels were significantly increased in patients with PCOS (685.3 ± 27.7 vs. 772.6 ± 42.5 pg/ml). When sub-grouping all investigated subjects according to the presence of insulin resistance, women with PCOS and insulin resistance exhibited markedly higher betatrophin concentrations. Furthermore, betatrophin levels were significantly correlated with fasting insulin levels and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance only in females with PCOS ( r = 0.531 and r = 0.628, respectively). Conclusion We provide the first report that betatrophin is strongly associated with PCOS. This study suggests that betatrophin may potentially serve as an independent predictor for the development of PCOS in at-risk women, especially those with insulin resistance.