bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Inevitability of Property Rights
Authors: Barnett Jonathan M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Widespread IP skepticism reflects the view that innovation ecosystems can thrive without robust intellectual property rights. The evolution of digital content markets suggests otherwise. At the start of the digital transition, both video-sharing and digital music markets were characterized by mass infringement and ineffective legal or technological limitations on unauthorized usage. In both cases, the market has recognized that, without exclusivity protections to regulate and price usage, content production cannot elicit investment, and the flow of new content falters. In the video-sharing market, YouTube now offers content owners a share of advertising revenue and has entered into licensing relationships with content owners. In digital music, the market recovered once streaming platforms emerged, which rely on technological controls to regulate user access and licensing agreements with content owners.
Recuperating Selfhood
Authors: Wiebe Heather 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the figure of the damaged wartime pianist-composer in two films: the melodrama Love Story (1944) and Men of Two Worlds (1943-46), a colonial propaganda film about an African pianist. Both films feature fictionalized versions of the wartime National Gallery concerts, and address questions of how to mobilize music, feeling, and subjects marked in various ways as liminal. Men of Two Worlds brings into view complex issues of race and empire as they relate to the ideals of inclusiveness with which music was strongly associated in wartime, while Love Story suggests a certain resistance to mobilization, finding a positive role for music as escape even as it ultimately affirms music’s role in total war.
Anti-Parliamentary Politics
Authors: Palonen Kari 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The chapter situates certain rhetorical topoi of contemporary “populist” politics with respect to anti-parliamentary thinking in Western Europe since the mid-nineteenth century. The populist tradition deviates from classical anti-parliamentarism in an important respect: it shows no nostalgia toward monarchy and the order of estates, but considers itself “democratic” in its explicit appeal to “the people.” It combines, however, four different, but interconnected, anti-parliamentary topoi. In line with older anti-parliamentarism, the contemporary populists reject or denigrate political representation, parliamentarism’s “empty talk,” political professionalism, and the procedural style of politics. The chapter aims to discuss the political significance of these anti-parliamentary topoi in a wider historical perspective. The common consequence of these varieties of anti-parliamentary thinking lies in their attempt to depoliticize politics. Contemporary populists give this depoliticization some new nuances, while still longing to do away with politics, just as the other anti-parliamentary styles of thinking and acting did.
Digital Flows
Authors: Gamble Steven 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Digital Flows provides a radical study of the most recent chapter in the life of hip hop, one closely intertwined with the networked cultural flows of the internet. Some fifty years after its birth in the Bronx, hip hop is one of the most significant cultural forms of the internet age. Now that the internet is enmeshed in our everyday lives, hip hop is predominantly encountered and experienced online, where it comprises a third of all streamed music. People are constantly making, sharing, and commenting on hip hop—from Drake memes through viral TikTok dances to AI-generated rappers—challenging hip hop’s conventional connections to place, authenticity, and community. Digital Flows uses an innovative method encompassing music and cultural analysis, ethnography, and web data analysis. It extensively draws on scholarship in hip hop studies, internet studies, popular music studies, media studies, communication studies, cultural studies, Black studies, intersectional feminism, and more. The latest practices in digital humanities and data ethics underlie Gamble’s interdisciplinary approach. The book provides in-depth insights into hip hop in the internet age, new net-native genres like SoundCloud rap and YouTube lofi beats, communities on social media and streaming platforms, online hip hop feminism in rap music videos, cultural appropriation and callout/cancel culture, and hip hop concerts on video game platforms. This book uncovers what happens when a cultural form born on the streets thrives on transformative technologies of global reach.
Internet Rap and Generational Tensions in Hip Hop’s SoundCloud Era
Authors: Gamble Steven 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on a genre of hip hop born online, internet rap, more popularly (albeit reductively) known as SoundCloud rap. This music—by artists like Playboi Carti, Lil Uzi Vert, and 6ix9ine—is controversial, provocative, and remarkably viral. For hip hop fans and listeners, it represents a distinctly youthful generation of hip hop practice, one often viewed with disdain. This chapter first analyses a body of lyrics to consider how rappers have typically expressed a variety of views about the internet. Through analysis of music, videos, and new media, it then homes in on how internet rap creates tensions by subverting or rejecting traditional hip hop values like representing locality and authenticity. With reference to the concepts of cultural platformization, the attention economy, clout, and virality, the chapter argues for seeing internet rap as a net-native example of hip hop youth at their most creative and web-savvy.
Lofi Hip Hop and Community in YouTube Comments During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Gamble Steven 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Having addressed one distinctly internet-infused hip hop genre in Chapter 3, Chapter 4 looks at a very different one, lofi beats on YouTube. This chapter delves into data-driven methods through thematic analysis of YouTube comments. It addresses lofi hip hop in a period of transition, as a community once reputed for its friendliness saw an influx of new users during the COVID-19 pandemic. The chapter analyses the shifting aesthetics, conventions, and values of lofi hip hop music and culture, supported by reading comments posted before and after the onset of the pandemic. It considers how commercial and political appropriations of lofi as general conventions of internet culture, especially memes, reshape formerly established conventions. The chapter reveals how internet users interact with online music cultures and how platforms like YouTube (at their best) afford communities the space to express sentiments about belonging, identity, and social connection, within the broader context of networked publics.
Hip Hop and Online Cultural Appropriation Discourse
Authors: Gamble Steven 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Having established hip hop’s vast popularity and immersion in mainstream online culture, this chapter explores how social media users understand the racial politics of borrowings by non-Black pop musicians. The chapter focuses on accusations of Blackfishing (i.e., deceptively appearing Black) levelled at Ariana Grande on social media. Her internet-mediated public image and her song and music video ‘7 rings’ provoked a wide range of social media commentary in the context of callout/cancel culture and heated debates about cultural appropriation. By listening to the musical and cultural values disputed by users on Reddit, Twitter, and Tumblr alongside a close reading of ‘7 rings’, the chapter sheds light on how pop music’s adoption of trap musical and visual aesthetics is both thoroughly normalized and contested online. In doing so, the chapter serves as a model for analysing online discourse about popular music and culture.
Virtual Hip Hop Concerts in Video Games
Authors: Gamble Steven 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The book’s final full chapter focuses on online hip hop mediated by video game platforms. Rappers have broken records for audience size and made headlines concerning their video game concerts, such as Travis Scott’s Astronomical event in Fortnite. Yet the ‘live and direct’ performance quality of hip hop is called into question by these prepared interactive game experiences. With reference to concepts of virtuality and liveness, and other kinds of online music performance, this chapter disentangles the complex mediation of virtual hip hop concerts. It contrasts corporate efforts like the Fortnite show with DIY-inspired charity events in Minecraft, namely the alternative hip hop and hyperpop benefit concerts organized by Open Pit. The chapter concludes that although the commercial logics of video game platforms can constrain hip hop’s cultural priorities, grassroots virtual concerts show that the ethos of hip hop communality still thrives online.
Standing Up
Authors: Howard Gary C. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Humans stand up many times a day. Although they hardly think about it, that movement requires the coordination of many muscles, a solid skeletal system, a keen sense of balance, control of blood pressure, and much more. All of these systems evolved along with different strategies used by other organisms to stand up. Trees and plants use cellulose and lignin for support so they can obtain more exposure to sunlight. All of these changed when plants and animals crawled out of the sea and onto land. Standing up and moving are critical for human health. A sedentary existence (being a “couch potato”) has a high cost in terms of obesity, diabetes, heart disease and more. These “diseases of affluence” have changed the way humans die over the years.
Sleep and Consciousness
Authors: Howard Gary C. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Humans all need sleep, but its purpose is still not understood. All animals also seem to require sleep or something that has aspects of sleep. When animals sleep, they are relatively defenseless. The evolutionary benefit of sleep must be enormous to overcome the many seemingly negative pressures against sleep. Sleep is one aspect of a larger issue that concerns the relationship between consciousness and the physical brain. What is the relationship among sleep, consciousness, anesthesia, and coma? What are dreams? Understanding these is the ultimate goal of neurobiology, but there is much work to be done to tie together ion fluxes, electrical currents, axons and neurites, and thoughts and memories.
Telling Time
Authors: Howard Gary C. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Many physiological processes in humans, other animals, and even some bacteria obey a regular pattern based on a 24-hour solar day. These circadian rhythms are the most obvious way humans “tell time.” They are controlled by molecular clocks and genes in cells and the suprachiasmatic nucleus in brains. Those clocks can be thrown off by jet lag, daylight savings time, and other external influences. However, there are also other clocks, such as hormonal cycles and sleep phases. For example, human development involves complex programs of genetic pathways that must be turned on or off at the proper times, and aging involves many unanswered questions. Animals also respond to lunar, seasonal, and other clocks.
What’s Next?
Authors: Howard Gary C. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
To a great extent, humans now control their biology. They mitigate the effects of evolution with heating, food, eyeglasses, hearing aids, and other devices that blunt evolutionary forces. They have even extended their life span significantly over the last few hundred years. Yet, for all their modern inventions, humans are all still part of biology and evolution. Unfortunately, their modern practices are changing the Earth and its atmosphere and climate. In fact, many scientists believe there is a sixth mass extinction already in process, and this time the cause is humans. The big question is whether humans will recognize the seriousness of the threat in time to change the course they are on.
The Perceptions of Korean Americans on the Rise of Anti-Asian Racial Discrimination and the Negative Impact on Psychological Distress
Authors: Choi Shinwoo , Hong Joo Young , Hawkins Catherine , Park Hyejoon 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter presents the history, cultural background, mental health challenges, and experiences of racial discrimination among Korean Americans. Among the various Asian groups in the United States, Korean American comprise the fifth largest subgroup. Korean Americans are likely to have higher educational attainment and socioeconomic status than the general US population and other immigrant groups. Moreover, Korean American adults often remain monolingual, speaking the Korean language most of the time and socializing with co-ethnics including Korean religious groups, resulting in cultural and ethnic isolation as well as psychological distress and malfunctioning. The coping strategies that Korean Americans use when faced with racial discrimination and their implications for practice, policy, and research are presented.
Bahaghari
Authors: Maglalang Dale Dagar , Peregrina Hillary Nicole 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Filipinx American lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer plus (LGBTQ+) are an understudied population. With the continued increase of anti-LGBTQ+ policies concerning and attacks toward Asian Americans—including Filipinx Americans—in the United States, it is important to examine the identity formation, experiences, and current conditions of Filipinx American LGBTQ+. This chapter discusses the precolonial and colonial history of the conceptualization of what society understands today as the Filipino and Filipinx American LGBTQ+ identity. Furthermore, it examines how these identities are further shaped and in contention with religion, familism, race and ethnicity, im/migration, and education that influence the contemporary experiences and issues facing LGBTQ+ Filipino and Filipinx Americans. Despite such challenges, LGBTQ+ Filipinx Americans continue to resist through organizing and community building. The chapter concludes with implications for conducting research with and providing social work services to the Filipinx LGBTQ+ community.
The Role of Social Work and Storytelling in Eliminating Anti-Asian Racism and Hate Crimes
Authors: Aaron Sofie Hana , Li Verdugo Juliann , Lee Jane J. , Kang Hye-Kyung , Dinh Tam Q. , Spencer Michael S. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Historically, members of the Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) diaspora have been instrumental to social work activism, demonstrating resilience in combatting systemically oppressive systems and holding crucial and indispensable roles in the shaping of the profession. Namely, storytelling has been a traditional way for communities to disseminate information, destigmatize culturally taboo topics, and amplify marginalized voices while creatively sharing individual perspectives. Further demonstrating the essential role of storytelling from those in the Asian diaspora, this chapter provides personal narratives of the authors’ own lived experiences—ranging from the personal to institutional levels—of witnessing and navigating hate and oppressive systems as AANHPI individuals and social workers. The authors conclude with a collaborative discussion on the implications for social work practice, policy, research and discuss a call to action and forward steps in countering anti-Asian racism and hate.
Ethical Principles for AI in Defence
Authors: Taddeo Mariarosaria 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Defence agencies across the globe have identified AI as a key technology to maintain an edge over adversaries. As a result, efforts to develop or acquire AI capabilities for defence are growing on a global scale. Unfortunately, they remain unmatched by the efforts to define ethical frameworks to guide the use of AI in the defence domain. This chapter offers one such framework. It identifies five principles—justified and overridable uses; just and transparent systems and processes; human moral responsibility; meaningful human control; and reliable AI systems—and related recommendations to foster ethically sound uses of AI for national defence purposes. It also provides a methodology to interpret AI ethics principles to extract effective guidelines to shape the decisions and conduct of those developing, providing, and using AI in defence.
Public Support for Judicial Reforms
Authors: Black Ryan C. , Owens Ryan J. , Wohlfarth Patrick C. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Chapter 11 presents the results of a survey experiment that assesses public support for a mandatory retirement age and term limits for federal judges. The experiment asks respondents to rate their support for various reforms as a function of who proposed them, the costs associated with the reforms, and a series of arguments in support or opposition to them. The results show that a majority of both Democrats and Republicans support institutional reform. Support for reform dampens when respondents receive information suggesting there might be significant costs to bear to effectuate those reforms. Lastly, support for reform is greatest when arguing that they would bring the courts closer to the public’s beliefs and remove mentally unfit judges.
Social Issues
Authors: Keister Lisa A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Catholics have a long history of engaging with social issues and doing the work of social justice, and attitudes about social issues—those concerning how people interact with each other—are critical for understanding who Catholics are today. Social issues can be highly controversial because they often invite evaluations of how people should interact. Thus, attitudes about social issues can say a great deal about deeply held beliefs that define individuals and that affect decision-making. This chapter explores Catholic attitudes regarding significant contemporary social issues and shows that white and Latino Catholics agree on most social issues, including gender roles, economic inequality, suicide, and capital punishment. However, Catholics differ in their levels of generalized trust: white Catholics are more likely than Latino Catholics to express high levels of trust. White Catholics and white mainline Protestants have notably similar views of social issues
Intimacies of Violence
Authors: Murshid Nadine Shaanta 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this book, Murshid demonstrates how transnational middle-class Bangladeshi women personally embody structural violence to shed light on the ways in which violence is produced, perpetuated, and resisted. Transnational Bangladeshi women are individuals who occupy space in both the US and Bangladesh, living bilocating yet bordered lives. Four broad arguments are forwarded. First, a transnational feminist approach documents what Meena Alexander refers to as the “shock of arrival,” to provide an examination of how social locations and associated status impact the intimate economies in which women experience inequities related to love, sex, and desire. Second, drawing on theories from social work, transnational feminism, Bangladesh studies, and migration studies, the book shows how social norms produced at the familial level serve to link the structural and the intimate. Third, the book illustrates how nationalist narratives about Bangladesh’s history of wartime rape inform women’s construction of violence. Finally, the institutions of home, immigration, and the criminal legal system are implicated as sites of violence for transnational Bangladeshi women.
Civilities
Authors: Beneke Chris 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
George Washington has been well represented in the historical literature. But his role as a shaper of the cultural norms that sustained religious liberty has not. This chapter focuses on Washington’s moderate approach to religious matters and his dogged pursuit of civility. It considers how Washington was able to countenance religious diversity but not civic disunity, symbolic state support for religion but not a full-fledged establishment. The chapter also explores Washington’s subtle and elliptically expressed deism. It demonstrates how Washington was influenced by his experience with Virginia Anglicanism and contemporary Freemasonry, and how he crafted military and political strategies that reflected both his pragmatism and his religiously accommodating inclinations.
Recruiting the Science of Happiness
Authors: Thomas Alan , Archer Alfred , Engelen Bart 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses how philosophical objections to unjust inequalities can draw on and be informed by insights from the new science of happiness. Instead of drawing direct and general conclusions from that science about the impact of inequality on well-being, the chapter defends a refined version of the so-called Easterlin paradox. In addition, it focuses explicitly on market societies and their ideological narratives and develops the notion of an “emotional regime”. This makes it possible to situate the contribution of this book to the literature in relation to the work of others, such as Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett.
Emotions, Explanations, and Emotional Regimes
Authors: Thomas Alan , Archer Alfred , Engelen Bart 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter distinguishes emotions from related phenomena such as sensations, moods, and drives and discusses how emotional states can change. It introduce the notions of an “interest”, “ceteris paribus laws”, and Elster’s conception of mechanism to explain the role emotions can play in social scientific explanations and in normative claims. It compares and contrasts universalist and constructivist conceptions of emotions. Building on this, it introduces William Reddy’s conception of an emotional regime and how that idea relates to related notions such as “emotional labor” (Hochschild), “emotional hegemony” (Jaggar), and “emotional regulation” (Gross, Burkitt). It analyses the significance emotions have in social relationships and practices more broadly but also focuses on the specific emotions that are key to what Boltanski and Chiapello call “the new spirit of capitalism”.
Experiments in Living Together
Authors: Fuerstein Michael 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This book argues that democracy enables progress through “experiments in living”: trying out new moral ideas and learning from the experience of acting on them together. Drawing on research in social psychology and several detailed historical case studies—same-sex marriage, women’s integration into the workforce, and school desegregation—the book illuminates the role of novel experience in building community: linkages of emotion and identity across a democratic public. And it shows how these linkages enable diverse citizens to flourish together. Democracy promotes valuable forms of experimentation through its distinctive egalitarian architecture. By distributing basic powers indiscriminately, it gives the most aggrieved a fulcrum to initiate changes in practice. By refiguring patterns of social interaction, such changes generate transformative changes in social experience that support moral learning. Prevailing “deliberative” approaches to democracy, by contrast, neglect the role of such experience in shaping citizens’ deliberative reasoning. Likewise, technocratic (or “epistocratic”) skeptics of democracy focus on short-term measures of voter competence but neglect the impact of experience on long-term changes in social beliefs and practice. The moral rationality of democracy cannot be gauged from surveys of “voter knowledge.” The book’s analysis yields a prescription for democracy’s contemporary malaise: repairing democracy in the face of populist threats requires attending to failures of community more than improving knowledge or competence.