bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the electronic properties of edge glycine/biopolymer/graphene quantum dots
Authors: El-Sayed Nayera M. , Elhaes Hanan , Ibrahim Asmaa , Ibrahim Medhat A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study systematically investigated four types of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) AHEX, ZTRI, ZHEX, and ATRI, and their interactions with glycine to form GQD-glycine complexes. Utilizing density functional theory (DFT) and the PM6 semiempirical method, the study analyzed electronic properties and structure-activity relationships. Global reactivity indices were calculated using Koopmans’ theorem, and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) parameters were assessed via SCIGRESS 0.3. The study further explored interactions using density of states (DOS) and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analyses. Key findings revealed that glycine interaction significantly increased the total dipole moment (TDM) and decreased the HOMO/LUMO energy gap (ΔE) for the GQD-glycine complexes. Notably, ZTRI/glycine showed a TDM of 4.535 Debye and a reduced ΔE of 0.323 eV, indicating enhanced reactivity. Further interactions with cellulose, chitosan, and sodium alginate identified the ZTRI/glycine/sodium alginate composite as the most reactive, with a TDM of 8.020 Debye and the lowest ΔE of 0.200 eV. This composite also exhibited the highest electrophilicity index (56.421) and lowest chemical hardness (0.145 eV), underscoring its superior reactivity and stability. DOS analysis revealed that biomolecules contributed the most to molecular orbitals, with carbon atoms contributing the least. QTAIM analysis confirmed the greater stability of the ZTRI/glycine/sodium alginate complex compared to other studied composites. These results highlight the enhanced reactivity and stability of GQDs when interacting with glycine and sodium alginate.
Endemic and threatened birds as surrogates for identifying conservation priority areas and ecological corridors in the America’s most endangered habitat
Authors: da Costa Dias Thiago , Silveira Luís Fábio , Francisco Mercival Roberto 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInvestigating multi-taxa macroecological patterns can provide critical insights for spatial conservation planning and landscape management across biodiversity hotspots. The Pernambuco Endemism Center (PEC) is a biogeographic region of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest known to harbor the most threatened habitats in the Americas and a considerable number of recent bird extinctions. Here, we modeled the distribution of 30 threatened forest-dependent birds, 29 of which endemic to the PEC, to reveal key habitats/resources for their survival, identify conservation priority areas, and design ecological corridors. We found variations in the responses of the taxa to landscape characteristics when we addressed these organisms separately and when we grouped them by conservation status. Overall, the environmental variables related to forest quality (e.g., distance to large fragments, distance to the forest edge, percentage of tree cover, percentage of older forests) were important predictors of habitat suitability for the regional threatened avifauna. Additionally, we revealed forest fragments of high ecological importance for the PEC’s threatened birds, and we propose the creation of the Pernambuco Endemism Center Restoration Arc (PEC-ARC) that may maximize the investments in conservation and guarantee the connectivity of crucial areas for long-term species survival.
Epidemiology and socioeconomic correlates of brain and central nervous system cancers in Asia in 2020 and their projection to 2040
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Ehsan , Seyedmirzaei Homa , Shahrokhi Nejad Shahrzad , Nejadghaderi Seyed Aria 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBrain and central nervous system (CNS) cancers constitute a heterogeneous group of cancers with poor 5-year survival rates. We aimed to report the epidemiology of brain and CNS cancers in Asia in 2020 and their projections up to 2040 by age, sex, and country, as well as their correlation with socioeconomic status. We extracted data from the 2020 Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN). Numbers, age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) and mortality rates (ASMRs), 5-year prevalent cases and rates, mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs), and crude rates were calculated. The human development index (HDI) and current healthcare expenditure (CHE)-to-gross domestic product (GDP) ratio were included as indicators of socioeconomic status. Additionally, the numbers of new cases and deaths were predicted from 2025 to 2040 by multiplying the anticipated population during this period by age-standardized rates. In 2020, there were 166,925 new cases of brain and CNS cancers in Asia, indicating a 5-year prevalence rate of 9.40 per 100,000. We also estimated the total ASIR, ASMR, and MIR as 3.20, 2.60, and 0.83, respectively. There were significant negative correlations between HDI and MIR (correlation coefficient: − 0.538, p value < 0.001) and significant positive correlations between CHE/GDP% and ASIR (correlation coefficient: 0.388, p value: 0.010) and ASMR (correlation coefficient: 0.373, p value: 0.014). In 2040, there will be 232,000 new cases of brain and CNS cancers and 200,000 subsequent deaths in Asia. Our study revealed higher brain and CNS cancer rates in Western Asia among males and elderly individuals. These findings can aid policymakers in enhancing cancer care and suggest the consideration of risk factors in future research.
Efficacy of Complexity-Based Target Selection for Treating Morphosyntactic Deficits in Children With Developmental Language Disorder and Children With Down Syndrome: A Single-Case Experimental Design
Authors: Hannig Russell Kirsten M. , Wambaugh Julie L. , Davis John L. , Redmond Sean M. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
Selecting targets for morphosyntactic intervention is a critical component of treatment planning. The complexity approach suggests that, by treating a complex morphosyntactic target, improvements will occur for the treated structure and for related, simpler structures. This study evaluated the efficacy of the complexity approach for treating morphosyntactic deficits by targeting a complex BE verb question structure for children with developmental language disorder (DLD) and children with Down syndrome (DS) and observing its impact on treated and untreated BE verb structures. We also explored whether etiology impacted our participants' treatment responses.

Method:
Three participants with DLD and three with DS received treatment for the BE verb question structure in the context of a single-case multiple-baseline design across participants. Accuracy of production for the treated structure and untreated BE verb structures was measured across baseline, treatment, and posttreatment phases.

Results:
Treatment of the complex BE verb question structure resulted in change on the treated structure for three participants (i.e., two with DLD and one with DS). Generalization of treatment to untreated, related BE verb structures occurred for all six participants. Outcomes indicated participants from both etiologies benefited from treatment.

Conclusions:
This study provides evidence supporting the use of a complexity-based approach for selecting morphosyntactic treatment targets for children with DLD and children with DS. Additional research is needed to identify specific characteristics that may influence individual treatment responses.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27018124
Analyse probabiliste, inférence bayésienne et méthode observationnelle : application au tassement dû au passage d’un tunnelier
Authors: Zhang Yi , Commend Stéphane , Jacot-Descombes Gil 
Published: September 2024

La variabilité des sols, les incertitudes du modèle et des paramètres géotechniques, et les variations de réponse du modèle associées, etc. sont des sujets géotechniques à traiter difficilement par des méthodes déterministes ou semi-probabilistes. De ce point de vue, la méthode probabiliste peut être une approche plus adaptée pour prendre en compte ces incertitudes. Dans cet article, un cadre d’approche probabiliste basé sur les modèles aux éléments finis et couplé à la méthode observationnelle est d’abord présenté. Il se compose de quatre parties fondamentales, à savoir : une analyse de sensibilité à l’aide des indices de Sobol (ou Kucherenko) pour identifier les paramètres géotechniques les plus influents sur les résultats, une analyse de fiabilité pour calculer les probabilités de défaillance de la structure a priori, une analyse des mesures observées issues de l’auscultation et une rétro analyse bayésienne utilisant ces mesures pour calculer les probabilités de défaillance de la structure a posteriori afin d’améliorer les performances de prédiction. Ensuite, cette approche probabiliste est appliquée à un cas concret, qui est la prévision des déplacements induits par le creusement pressurisé des tunnels au droit de pieux de fondation. C’est un sujet technique complexe, dépendant de nombreux facteurs comme l’effet 3D de l’interaction tunnel/terrain/pieux, les caractéristiques géotechniques du terrain, les multiples sources de déplacement autour des tunneliers, etc. Dans ce cas d’étude, un modèle aux éléments finis 3D est réalisé pour simuler l’interaction tunnel/terrain/pieux, puis une analyse de sensibilité est menée pour déterminer les variables probabilistes d’entrée les plus influentes sur les résultats. L’inférence bayésienne est utilisée pour mettre à jour les hypothèses de calcul à l’aide des mesures de l’auscultation/expérimentation (cuvette de tassement) afin d’affiner les prédictions des déformations (de l’a priori vers l’a posteriori).
Le microbiome humain : 340 ans d’histoire, 140 ans d’interrogations, d’innovations technologiques et émergence de la « médecine microbienne »
Authors: Doré Joël , Sansonetti Philipppe J. 
Published: September 2024

On sait depuis 340ans que le corps humain héberge des microbes, alors appelés « animalcules ». Depuis plus d’un siècle, après la démonstration de la responsabilité de certains de ces microbes dans les maladies, on s’interroge sur le rôle de ceux – largement majoritaires – qui colonisent les surfaces cutanées et muqueuses humaines, particulièrement le riche écosystème microbien de l’intestin, le microbiote intestinal. De l’invention de la vie sans germe (axénie), qui a permis de valider expérimentalement la symbiose entre êtres humains et microbes, fruit d’une longue coévolution, à la mise au point des méthodes de culture anaérobies, puis à l’invention du diagnostic moléculaire, du séquençage profond ouvrant les approches métagénomiques et omiques en général, une formidable course s’est déroulée entre innovations technologiques et avancées conceptuelles. Cette course, au-delà de la description exhaustive du microbiote dans sa diversité intraet interhumaine, des fonctions symbiotiques essentielles du microbiome, a ouvert la voie d’un nouveau domaine de la médecine : la médecine microbienne.
Résoudre le puzzle de la persistance chez Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Berné Anais , Boussouar Safa , Frikh Ines , Goeuriot Léa , Kaboré Thomas , Aussel Laurent 
Published: September 2024

Dans le cadre de l’unité d’enseignement « Rédiger en sciences » proposée par l’université d’Aix-Marseille, les étudiants du master 2 Microbiologie Intégrative et Fondamentale (MIF) – en partenariat avec l’Institut de Microbiologie, Bioénergies et Biotechnologie (IM2B) – ont été confrontés aux exigences de l’écriture scientifique. Trois thématiques leur ont été proposées : la persistance bactérienne chez Staphylococcus, les approches à l’échelle de la cellule unique en microbiologie et le modèle Dictyostelium pour l’étude de la phagocytose. À partir de trois publications originales, les étudiants ont rédigé une nouvelle soulignant les résultats majeurs et l’impact des articles étudiés. Complété par un entretien avec des chercheurs, l’ensemble offre un éclairage original sur la compréhension du vivant dans le domaine de la microbiologie et de la santé.
Association of the 11-year solar cycle with correlation and teleconnection structures in tropospheric circulation
Authors: Huth Radan , Stryhal Jan 
Published: September 2024

Analyzing spatial correlation structures and teleconnections in the 500 hPa heights of the Northern Hemisphere Extratropics in winter shows substantial differences between months with high and low solar activity. Patterns of spatial correlations of mid-tropospheric circulation differ between solar minima and maxima; the differences are geographically variable, particularly large and statistically significant in parts of the North Atlantic and North Pacific. Correlation structures of tropospheric circulation are significantly larger in solar maxima over parts of the North Atlantic. The geographical orientation of teleconnections is also associated with solar activity, the differences being most notable over the North Atlantic, North America, and the Arctic. The differences in teleconnections form a background for a response of modes of circulation variability and blocking anticyclones to solar activity, detected in previous studies. We detected no evidence of potential interference of responses to solar activity with quasi-biennial oscillation and volcanic eruptions; the interference with El Niño-Southern Oscillation is unlikely. The response to solar activity may be partly confused with the response to major sudden stratospheric warmings; however, sudden stratospheric warmings themselves may respond to the solar cycle.
Disease-Management-Programm Osteoporose Update 2024
Authors: Kurth Andreas , Lembeck Burkhard 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungOsteoporose und die daraus resultierenden Frakturen bei älteren Menschen ist eine
nicht mehr wegzudiskutierende Herausforderung für das Gesundheitssystem in
Deutschland. Dies wurde auch von der Gesundheitspolitik erkannt und es wurde dem
Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuß (GBA) der Auftrag gegeben ein
Disease-Management-Programm (DMP) Osteoporose zu erarbeiten und zu etablieren.
Dies, um die aktuelle diagnostische und therapeutische Unterversorgung durch
eine strukturierte evidenzbasierte Versorgung der betroffenen Patienten zu
gewährleisten. Die bessere Kooperation der verschiedenen medizinischen Ebenen
sowie eine engere Arzt- Patienten-Bindung soll dazu beitragen, die gravierenden
Versorgungslücken zu schließen. Die strukturierte Behandlung basiert auf klaren
Abläufen und Empfehlungen zur Schulung und Therapie der Osteoporose. Die
festgeschriebenen Ziele der Behandlung im DMP Osteoporose liegen in der
Vermeidung von Frakturen, der Schmerzreduktion, der Sturzprophylaxe und einer
Verbesserung der Lebensqualität und Lebenserwartung der betroffenen Patienten.
In dem vorliegenden Artikel wird das DMP Osteoporose mit den therapeutischen
Empfehlungen, den Zielen, der Schulung der Leistungserbringer und Patienten
sowie die gegenwärtige Umsetzung in der Versorgungsrealität dargestellt.
DMP und die Frakturversorgung – Proximale
Humerusfrakturen
Authors: Gleich Johannes , Helfen Tobias , Böcker Wolfgang 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungProximale Humerusfrakturen zählen zu den häufigsten Indikatorfrakturen einer
Osteoporose und treten beim älteren Patienten vor allem nach einem
niedrigenergetischen Trauma auf. Neben einer sorgfältigen klinischen
Untersuchung ist die Bildgebung (Röntgen/Computertomographie) unerlässlich für
die weitere Therapieplanung. Diese kann bei einem älteren Patienten jedoch nicht
ausschließlich anhand der klinischen und bildgebenden Befunde erfolgen, es
müssen zahlreiche Kontextfaktoren (funktioneller Anspruch, Begleiterkrankungen)
beachtet werden. Der Großteil der proximalen Humerusfrakturen, gerade im
geriatrischen Patientenkollektiv, wird konservativ behandelt. Bei operativer
Versorgung ist im Rahmen der Etablierung alterstraumatologischer
Versorgungskonzepte ein Trend zum vermehrten Gelenksersatz zu beobachten.
Oberstes Ziel hat die schnellstmögliche Wiederherstellung der Selbstständigkeit
und Alltagsfähigkeit des Patienten. Eine operative Versorgung wird daher auch
bei bestehenden Komorbiditäten häufiger erwogen und erfolgt bei zunehmender
Evidenz mittels inverser Schultergelenksendoprothese. Unabhängig vom gewählten
Versorgungspfad ist die sekundäre Frakturprophylaxe im Sinne einer
osteologischen Diagnostik und spezifischen Therapie essenziell.
Impact of COVID-19 on labour usage and the production of oil palm yield
Authors: Hamzah N H , Hashim M S 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The labour shortage induced by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 significantly impacted oil palm cultivation, particularly in operations dependent on foreign workers for tasks like harvesting fresh fruit bunches (FFB). This resulted in disruptions, especially in plantations near the closed national border gates, leading to unharvested fruits left on trees and a subsequent decline in oil palm production. A study aimed at understanding the relationship between labour usage and the production of oil palm yield was conducted to assess these trends. Data from nine (9) oil palm fields in FELCRA Berhad Kawasan Panchor Merah, Terengganu, spanning from 2019 to 2023, were analysed to perform the descriptive statistics. Statistical Package for Social Science version 29 was employed to establish the relationship of the variables. The findings revealed dynamic fluctuations in labour usage, particularly in foreign labour, due to the pandemic that induced migrations to hometowns and created vacancies for local labour. However, despite an increase in local labourers in 2021, many lacked efficiencies in tasks like harvesting due to limited experience. Although a strong positive correlation between labour usage and oil palm production was observed (r (5) = .865, p = .0059), it was not statistically significant at the 0.05 level, supporting the null hypothesis. Therefore, the study recommends that FELCRA Berhad enhance industry automation and offer competitive wages to bolster local employment, thus ensuring the sustainable development of the oil palm industry.
Composted cow manure application on growth and yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)
Authors: Sueid M Z , Reeza A A 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study was conducted at greenhouse of Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Jasin to study the effect of composted cow manure and NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer application on the growth and yield of okra. This experiment was conducted in RCBD with 4 replications consisting of 6 treatments; T0 (20 g NPK 15:15:15), T1 (20 g NPK 15:15:15 + 300 g composted cow manure), T2 (15 g NPK 15:15:15 + 400 g composted cow manure), T3 (10 g NPK 15:15:15 + 500 g composted cow manure), T4 (5 g NPK 15:15:15 + 600 g composted cow manure) and T5 (700 g composted cow manure). Parameters assessed were plant height (cm), number of leaves, number of fruits and fruit fresh weight and soil pH. Results revealed that T3 significantly produced the highest number of fruits (19) as well as fresh weight (28.47 g) while for number of leaves, T2 excelled in this parameter by significantly achieving highest number of leaves (17.7) and T5 showed the highest result for plant height (74.15 cm) and soil pH (pH 6.9). It could be deduced that incorporating both NPK 15:15:15 and composted cow manure resulted in greater effect on growth and yield of okra and that T3 would be the most suitable rate to be added to achieve the highest fruit yield and weight.
Effect of Hg pollution in ex-gold mining soil ameliorated with bamboo biochar on vegetative growth of corn (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Herviyanti H , Febriana K , Prasetyo T B , Sukma V , Gusmini G , Maulana A , Darfis I 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Gold mining has caused negative impacts on the environment, especially Hg contamination and pollution in the soil system. This study aims to assess the effect of Hg pollution on ex-gold mining soil in Dharmasraya West Sumatra ameliorated with bamboo biochar (B-B) on corn (Zea mays L.) plants in polybags (15 kg soil polybags−1). The research was conducted at the Wire House, Agriculture Faculty Andalas University in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications of five doses of bamboo biochar application namely 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 t ha−1. The application of 40 t ha−1 bamboo biochar (300 g B-B 15kg soil−1) can improve the chemical properties of ex-gold mining soil contaminated with Hg which can increase soil pH by 3.10, organic matter by 0.46% C, CEC by 3.34 cmol(+) kg−1, total N by 0.031% N, available P by 3.06 ppm, K-exch by 0.21 cmol(+) kg−1; Ca-exch by 0.0016 cmol(+) kg−1, and Mg-exch by 0.328 cmol(+) kg−1 and can inactivate Hg pollution with a decrease in total Hg of 1.52 mg kg−1, compared to the control. The application of 40 t ha−1 (300 g B-B 15 kg soil−1) on ex-gold mining soil contaminated with Hg can also increase plant height to 81.66 cm, plant dry weight of 68.65 g, an increase in nutrient levels of 0.033% N, 0.001% P, and 0.134% K, and a decrease in plant Hg up to 1.12 mg kg−1, compared to the control.
Surface charge change of inceptisol ameliorated with closed house chicken coop waste compost
Authors: Prasetyo T B , Monikasari M , Darfis I , Maulana A , Herviyanti H 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Increasing the potential of closed house chicken coop waste (CHCCW) as a soil ameliorant can be done through composting utilizing microorganisms that break down organic matter through composting techniques from several activators which are then aplicated on Inceptisol. This research focuses on assessing the maturity of compost and its effect on the charge of the soil. The characteristics of compost will affect the charge exchange in the soil in its ability to absorb and exchange cations as nutrients for soil fertility and plant growth. This study aims to evaluate the properties of compost from multiple activators and identify the optimal formulation to be applied to soil. This research was conducted by composting CHCCW with activators: Tricoderma sp.; Local Microorganisms (MOL), Stardec, and EM4. The result of treatment using Tricoderma sp. is faster in weathering the raw material so that the composting process is faster (pH 8.45, CEC 46.8 Cmol Kg−1, organic carbon 5.58%, Total N 2.06%). Testing through application on soil (0; 20; 40; 60; 80 tons/ha) found that a dose of 60 tons/ha of CHCCW compost with Tricoderma sp. activator could increase pH from 5.33 to 6.17 units, CEC from 61.99 to 68.80 Cmol.Kg−1, and point of zero charge (PZC) from 4.67 to 5.29 units. Amelioration technology using CHCCW compost with Tricoderma sp. activator is more effective in terms of composting time than other treatments and a dose of 60 tons/ha is recommended to increase the surface charge change on Inceptisol.