bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple Bonding Interactions in Dimeric Hetero-closo-dodecaborates of Group-14 Elements – A Theoretical Study
Authors: Veerappan Brindha , Sundaram Krishnamoorthy Bellie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context The geometric and electronic structural futures of group-14 hetero-closo-dodecaborates such as monomers [EB11H11]1−, [EB11H11]2− and dimers [(EB11H11)2]2− [E = C, Si, Ge, Sn and Pb] is analyzed using density functional theory (DFT) method. The structural feature such as metrical parameters and binding interactions are theoretically studied. The dispersion correction method has been used to get more insight. The dispersion correction method improves the metrical parameter of group-14 elements towards experimental parameters. The electronic structure of the clusters has been studied using frontier molecular orbital analysis (FMO). It shows the group-14 elements electronic contribution and possible electron delocalization between the cages to stabilize the dimeric clusters. The thermochemistry from numerical frequency analysis suggests the plausible and synthetic viability of the dimeric clusters. The spectroscopic studies (1H, 11B, 13C and 119Sn) elucidate the structures of the cluster with chemical shifts (δ) of lower belt, upper belt and apical boron vertices. The global reactive descriptors and local descriptors are calculated to analyze the philicity of the clusters. According to the descriptor analysis, an identification of reactive sites with respect to an electrophilic and nucleophilic centers of the reactant has been reported.Methods The density functional BP86 with Grimm’s dispersion correction DFT-D3 method has been used to study the bonding interactions of group-14 hetero-closo-dodecaborate dimers. And, the Def2-TZVP basis set applied to this cluster system to investigate electronic structural features using ORCA software (v 5.0.4).
Characterization of oral health status among the institutionalized elderly in a district capital of the central region of Portugal
Authors: Silva Ana Margarida , Figueiredo Cristina , Costa Hélder , Couto Patrícia , Veiga Nélio Jorge , Correia André , Martín Javier Montero 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction
In the elderly population, oral health is often neglected due to poor oral health literacy. It is fundamental to promote adequate oral health behaviors among the elderly and their caregivers to improve oral hygiene and permit a decrease in the risk of oral and systemic pathology development.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to characterize oral health behaviors and the oral rehabilitation status of the institutionalized elderly that live permanently in nursing homes in a district capital in the central region of Portugal.
Materials and Methods
An observational cross-sectional study was designed, and data collection performed in nursing homes and daycare centers of Viseu, Portugal. The study was carried out based on a convenience sample consisting of 529 patients living in 5 nursing homes of Viseu, Portugal. The data collection was accomplished using the following instruments and methods: two customized questionnaires to assess systemic / oral health and the elderly oral rehabilitation and the intraoral clinical assessment following WHO standardized methodology.
Results
Regarding oral hygiene habits, 81.2% of the elderly accomplish their daily oral hygiene. Also, 44.0% had no teeth in their oral cavity (47.2% women vs 36.3% men, p=0.044). 70.5% confirm having pain and 64.0% of the elderly complains of having chewing difficulties. Regarding the use of dental prosthesis, it was observed that 63.2% of the elderly had dental prothesis (mostly conventional complete dentures) and the remaining 36.8% do not use them, even when they have clinical indication to use. It was found that 84.1% of the participants felt better when placing their dental prosthesis during the day. Considering the prosthetic night rest, it was observed that 57.7% of the participants removed their dental prosthesis at night, with significant statistical differences among gender: 63.7% in the group of women and only 38.3% of the men (p=0.001).
Conclusions
This research demonstrated that nearly one third of the sample do not have a dental prosthesis which is essential to allow better chewing function capacity. Also, oral health behaviors need to be improved and better implemented in nursing homes, namely, prosthetic night rest, daily oral hygiene and more frequent oral health treatment to decrease orofacial pain. Therefore, it is important to continue to develop strategies and join efforts to improve oral health and, consequently, systemic health of institutionalized elderly.
Ontological analysis and disease statistics of wooden coffin paintings from the Qinghai Tibetan Medicine Culture Museum, China
Authors: Li Yanli , Ruan Yuyao , cai Cailuotai , Suo Suonanji , Liu Panpan , Li Yuhu , Xing Huiping 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The 35 wooden coffin paintings from the Tubo period of the Tang Dynasty, housed in the collection of Qinghai Tibetan Medicine Cultural Museum, are valuable materials for studying Tubo culture. Research has shown that the wood used for coffin paintings was cypress. The adhesives contain bovine collagen and chicken ovalbumin. The pigments used include carbon black, azurite, cinnabar, orpiment, minium, and lead white. This article provides a statistical analysis of the types and areas of diseases that appear in wooden coffin paintings. Through the application of descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis, it was determined that deterioration phenomena such as rotten, crack, pulverization, and discoloration disease were particularly pronounced in coffin paintings. Key variables influencing the disease of wooden coffin paintings include crystal salt, drop, and pulverization. The dataset was categorized into three distinct clusters, each exhibiting significant differences. This study offers valuable insights and foundational support for the future conservation and restoration of coffin paintings.
Online Surface Roughness Prediction in Wire-EDM: Experimental Comparative Study of Multiple-Linear Regression and Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Yu Sean , Chen Joseph C. , Li Ye 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (Wire-EDM) is renowned for its precise material removal and superior surface roughness (Ra). However, in-process variations can lead to defects in mass production, necessitating time-consuming and labor-intensive post-production quality checks. This research aims to develop an online surface roughness prediction model using both multi-linear regression and Fuzzy Logic. Duplex stainless steel 2507 was selected as the test material, and a design of experiment was conducted with three controllable parameters: Wire Tension, Supply Voltage and Table Feed Rate, to simulate the variance and uncertainties in Wire-EDM operations. The top three real-time data inputs retrieved from the in-machine monitoring system - maximum voltage, current difference, and maximum feed rate - were identified through regression analysis. Predictive models using both Multi-linear regression and Fuzzy Logic were developed, achieving prediction accuracy of 94.47% and 95.75%, respectively. The results show that Fuzzy Logic exhibits a stronger correlation between predicted and actual surface roughness. This system offers a fast and reliable means of predicting surface roughness during Wire-EDM operations, thereby enhancing production efficiency and product quality. Future research could explore the integration of additional sensors or optimizing the prediction model further with alternative methodologies.
The study of motion characteristics of detectors based on magnetic localization technology in a soft granule system
Authors: Pan Yu , Chen Quan , Li Ran , Mu Tongtong , Gui Haijun , Kong Ping 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The motion of wireless capsule endoscopes (WCE) in the gastrointestinal tract is complex and variable. Measuring its motion patterns accurately is crucial for optimizing diagnostic, therapeutic procedures and improving diagnostic accuracy. To gain a deeper understanding of the motion patterns of WCE in the gastrointestinal tract, particularly its behavior in different regions. A simulation measurement system based on magnetic localization technology is proposed in a laboratory environment. We designed a cylindrical-conical-cylindrical structure simulation device. The free fall motion of soft hydrogel granules is designed to mimic fluid motion in the gastrointestinal tract. A hard-targeted pellet with a permanent magnet simulated the WCE. It measured parameters such as trajectory, vertical velocity, vertical acceleration, and attitude angle of the targeted pellet during its drop at different initial positions in a silo during unloading in a soft granules environment were measured. The experimental results reveal the motion characteristics of a hard pellet in a silo during unloading in a soft granules environment, in the specific wide channel region, as well as in the transition region from the wide channel to the narrow channel. These findings provide data references for understanding the dynamic behavior of WCE in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby aiding in optimizing WCE design and enhancing its clinical efficacy.
A comparison of six voxel-based data structures for part geometry and cutter-workpiece engagement computations in multi-axis virtual milling
Authors: Nie Zhengwen , Cao Jiabin , Zhao Yiyang , Zhang Lin , Liu Xun , Xu Yan , Zhao Yanzheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This paper presents an efficient method for computing machined part geometry and cutter-workpiece engagement in general multi-axis milling. The milling process in this work is simulated by multi-level voxel update and edge intersection point update in sub-voxel level. The computed intersection points are used not only for building the machined part mesh model via dynamic marching cubes algorithm, but also for determining the instantaneous cutter-workpiece engagement region. The multi-level representation of the workpiece enables batch processing of affected voxels and minimal intersection calculations for more rapid and accurate modeling results. Virtual prototyping of the milled part geometry is critical for tool path planning, while cutter-workpiece engagement is one of the most important inputs for cutting force prediction. In a series of test cases, the proposed method has shown satisfactory modeling accuracy and higher efficiency compared to the tri-dexel model. More importantly, this volumetric method is implemented on six different data structures which are obtained by combining the fundamental spatial decomposition strategies. The efficiency characteristics of the resulting data structures are studied quantitatively which will help select the most appropriate scheme according to the performance requirements and realize its full potential for improved efficiency by choosing the optimal branching factors.
Mitochondrial related genome-wide mendelian randomization identifies putatively causal genes in the pathogenesis of sepsis
Authors: Sun Jiaojiao , Wu Yaxian , Jin Sihao , Li Xiaolin , Chen Fan , Zhu Jun , Liu Chuanxin , Man Lingyun , Huang Rixiang , Burgess Smith , Wong Yuan , Wang Zhiqiang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The dysfunction of mitochondria has been associated with the development of sepsis, but the specific mitochondrial-related genes and their roles in sepsis have not been fully elucidated. We employed Mendelian randomization and colocalization analysis to investigate the association between mitochondrial-related genes and sepsis by integrating multi-omics data.
Methods
Summary-level data on mitochondrial gene methylation, expression, and protein abundance levels were obtained from corresponding studies on methylation, expression, and protein quantitative trait loci, respectively. Genetic associations with sepsis were obtained from the GWAS catalog database. We utilized the MitoCarta3.0 database, which contains an updated list of 1,136 human mitochondrial genes, to identify mitochondrial genes. To assess the associations between mitochondrial gene-related molecular features and sepsis, we conducted summary-data-based Mendelian randomization analysis. Additionally, we performed colocalization analysis to determine whether the identified signal pairs shared a causal genetic variant.
Findings
After integrating the multi-omics data between mQTL-eQTL and eQTL-pQTL, we identified FIS1 as having tier 1 evidence for its association with sepsis. Methylation of cg01299997 in FIS1 was found to be associated with lower expression of FIS1, an increased risk of sepsis, and a positive role in cg01299997 methylation. Furthermore, NUDT2, IMMP2L, LYRM4, MRPL10, MRPL17, MTIF3, and TFAM genes were associated with sepsis risk with tier 2 evidence. Both gene expression and protein abundance levels of NUDT2 were observed to be associated with an increased risk of sepsis. Additionally, ATP5MC1 and VWA8 genes were associated with sepsis risk with tier 3 evidence. Among these tertiary genes, ATP5MC1 gene expression level showed a negative correlation (PPH4=0.9242), while the gene expression level of VWA8 exhibited a positive correlation (PPH4=0.7270).
Interpretations
We found that the mitochondrial FIS1, NUDT2, IMMP2L, LYRM4, MRPL10, MRPL17, MTIF3, TFAM, ATP5MC1 and VWA8 gene was putatively associated with sepsis risk with evidence from multi-omics levels. This study identified mitochondrial genes in relation to sepsis, which may enhance the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of sepsis development.
Funding
This work was supported by the Wuxi Health Commission Scientific Research Project [grant number No. Z202102].
Characteristics of Japanese Teenage Suicide Attempters: A Retrospective Study Comparing Suicide Attempters with Young Adults
Authors: Narishige Ryuichiro , Otaka Yasushi , Tateno Amane 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Teenage suicide-related behaviors have been highlighted in Japan in recent years, but the background factors and characteristics of these behaviors have not been clarified. Therefore, we investigated the characteristics of teenage suicide attempters who were admitted to an emergency room.
Methods
The subjects were suicide attempters in their teens and twenties who were admitted to the Critical Care Medical Center of Nippon Medical School Hospital between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2021. The means of suicide attempt, sociodemographic data, psychiatric diagnoses, and causes and motives of suicide attempts were retrospectively examined from medical records. Teenage suicide attempters were compared to those in their twenties for the acquired data, and logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the influence on teenage suicide attempts of the aspects that have been shown to be closely associated with teenage suicides.
Results
Among the 860 suicide attempters between 2010 and 2021, 59 (6.9%) were teenage suicide attempters and 216 (25.1%) were suicide attempters in their twenties. The large number of females, history of self-harm, the great number of drug overdoses as a means of suicide attempts, and the large number of individuals with psychiatric disorders, especially with mood disorders and personality disorders, were commonly shared by suicide attempters in their teens and twenties. On the other hand, family problems, school problems and autism spectrum disorder significantly influenced teenage suicide attempters.
Conclusions
It was suggested that teenage suicide attempters may have attempted suicide due to environmental difficulties and conflicts about not being able to escape from them. It has become clear that teenage suicide attempters have unique characteristics and background factors, and that it is important to take these into account when taking measures to prevent teenage suicides.
Genetic diversity and characterization of the growth promotion mechanisms of Burkholderia vietnamiensis isolates from rice cultivars in valleys of the high jungle of Peru.
Authors: Meza-Catalán Patricia Pilar , Asencios-Sifuentes Nayza Rosmery , Ocaña-Rodríguez Ángel Willian , Chávez-Galarza Julio César , Bena Gilles , Valdez-Nuñez Renzo Alfredo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Burkholderia is a versatile bacterial genus and from a biotechnological point of view it is a source of various secondary metabolites with enormous application potential, especially in agriculture. The aim of this study was to isolate Gram-negative diazotrophic endophytic bacteria from rice roots, to select and study the genetic diversity of strains of the genus Burkholderia, as well as the growth promotion mechanisms and the effect of their inoculation in two rice cultivars. Seventy-eight Gram-negative diazotrophic isolates were obtained from 132 root samples of different rice varieties, of which only 5.13% was positive for recA gene amplification with specific Burkholderia primers. Sequence analysis showed high similarity with B. vietnamiensis. These strains produced auxin in broth supplemented with tryptophan (up to 13.98 µg mL-1), siderophores (up to 139.52%), phosphate solubilization (up to 15.99 mg PO4 mL− 1), so too antibiotic and antagonist capacities against five rice pathogenic fungi. These strains increased the vigour index in two rice cultivars compared to the uninoculated or unfertilised treatment. The accumulation of total biomass was high in one strain, with significant differences observed in the response to inoculation at the cultivar level. The antibiotic and antifungal activities of B. vietnamiensis strains against the two pathogenic fungi Nakataea sigmoidea and Nigrospora oryzae are described for the first time. Due to the taxonomic affinity of our strains within the Burkholderia cepacia complex, their direct use in agriculture is not recommended; however, further research is required to exploit their biotechnological potential for the synthesis of useful metabolites.
UAV Selection for High-Speed Train Communication using OTFS Modulation
Authors: Mohamed Ehab 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Providing continuous wireless connectivity for high-speed trains (HSTs) is challenging due to their high speeds, making the installation of numerous ground base stations (BSs) along the HST route an expensive solution, particularly in rural and wilderness areas. This paper proposes using multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to deliver high data rate wireless connectivity for HSTs, taking advantage of their ability to fly, hover, and maneuver at low altitudes. However, autonomously selecting the optimal UAV by the HST is challenging. The chosen UAV should maximize the HST’s achievable data rate and provide an extended HST coverage period to minimize frequent UAVs handovers, constrained by the UAV’s limited battery capacity. The optimization challenge arises from accurately estimating each UAV’s expected coverage period for the HST, given both are moving at high speeds and the UAV’s flying altitude is unknown to the HST. This paper utilizes the estimated HST-UAV channel parameters in the delay-doppler (DD) domain, employing orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) modulation, to estimate the relative speeds between the HST and UAVs, as well as the UAVs’ flying altitudes. Based on these estimates, HST can predict the maximum coverage period provided by each UAV, allowing for the selection of the best UAV while considering their remaining battery capacities. Numerical analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach compared to other benchmarks in various scenarios.
ChatGPT's Performance in Supporting Physician Decision-Making in Nephrology Multiple-Choice Questions
Authors: Noda Ryunosuke , Tanabe Kenichiro , Ichikawa Daisuke , Shibagaki Yugo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
ChatGPT is a versatile conversational AI capable of performing various tasks, and its potential use in medicine has garnered attention. However, whether ChatGPT can support physicians' decision-making remains unclear. This study evaluated ChatGPT's performance in supporting physicians with answers to nephrology written examinations.
Methods
We extracted 45 single-answer multiple-choice questions from the Core Curriculum in Nephrology articles published in the American Journal of Kidney Diseases from October 2021 to June 2023. Eight junior physicians without board certification and ten senior physicians with board certification, as well as the ChatGPT GPT-4 model, answered these questions. The physicians answered twice: first without ChatGPT's support and then with the opportunity to revise their answers based on ChatGPT's output. We statistically compared the proportion of correct answers before and after using ChatGPT.
Results
ChatGPT had a proportion of correct answers of 77.8%. The mean proportion of correct answers from physicians before using ChatGPT was 50.8% (standard deviation [SD] 7.5) for junior physicians and 65.3% (SD 5.9) for senior physicians. After using ChatGPT, the proportion of correct answers significantly increased to 72.2% (SD 4.6) for junior physicians and 77.1% (SD 4.2) for senior physicians (junior physicians: p < 0.001, senior physicians: p < 0.001). The improvement of the proportion of correct answers was significantly higher for junior physicians than senior physicians (p = 0.015). Both groups decreased the proportion of correct answers in one of the seven clinical categories.
Conclusions
ChatGPT significantly improved the accuracy of physicians' answers in nephrology, especially for less experienced physicians, although it also suggested potential negative impacts in a specific subfield. Careful consideration is required regarding using ChatGPT to support physicians' decision-making.
Filling the Gap: Duality, Ambivalence and Samaj in Rural Darjeeling Hills
Authors: Saha Biswanath , Chakraborty Gorky 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The literature on the fuzziness of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in rural areas of the Darjeeling hills has been elusive. The recent PRI election was conducted in 2023 after a gap of almost two decades. Between 2005 and 2023, the system of governance prevailing in the rural Darjeeling hills also failed to attract academic scrutiny. Is the system, which fills the gap, primordial or just temporary to augment the governance vacuum created from 2005–2023? Surprisingly, during the same period, urban areas functioned well under the regular elected municipalities. Moreover, a contrasting picture also emerges when we juxtapose rural governance in the plains vis-à-vis the hills within the same district. Therefore, why does this duality of governance exist in the Darjeeling hills? Furthermore, despite being the epicenter of self-rule mobilisation (Gorkhaland Movement) for a long period of time, why has it fallen short in accommodating the demand for a functional PRI structure for hills? On the basis of fieldwork, it analyses the irregular skeletal system that has been perpetuating in hills in the name of local governance in rural areas. In addition, how do the rural hill dwellers in Darjeeling negotiate everyday grievances in such a state of exception?