bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategies to increase accessibility for students with disabilities in health professional programs: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Dhillon Shaminder , Roque Michelle Ira , Brooks Dina , Wojkowski Sarah 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review will be to identify strategies in the literature that may increase the accessibility of health professional programs for students with disabilities.

Introduction:
The number of students with disabilities in health professional programs is increasing. However, since students with disabilities experience barriers to education, their retention rates are potentially lower, and their attrition rates are potentially higher compared with their non-disabled peers.

Inclusion criteria:
Academic and gray literature that identifies strategies intended to increase accessibility to health professional programs for students with disabilities will be included. Only articles published from 2000 onward will be considered for inclusion.

Methods:
This review will follow the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. Databases to be searched will include Embase (Ovid), MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), ERIC (ProQuest), and Web of Science. Gray literature will be searched for using Google. Websites of known disability organizations will also be searched. There will be no language limitations. Paired reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts, and then full-text articles. Data will be extracted using a tool developed by the reviewers. The extracted data will be synthesized and reported in tabular format, accompanied by a narrative summary connecting the results to the objective of the review.

This scoping review protocol was registered in Open Science Framework:

https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/BSYRT
Care partner engagement in patient safety at the direct care level in hospital: a qualitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Perfetto Kayley , Pozzobon Laura , Sears Kim , O'Hara Jane , Ross-White Amanda , Duhn Lenora 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
The objective of this systematic review is to understand the experiences of care partner engagement in patient safety at the direct care level from the perspective of care partners, patients, and health care professionals.

Introduction:
Care partner engagement is a strategy for promoting patient safety in hospitals at the direct care level (ie, at the point where patient care is delivered). When present, care partners can increase safety by watching, listening, and taking action to protect admitted patients. To improve care partner presence policies and safety engagement strategies within hospitals, a comprehensive understanding of the current qualitative evidence about the breadth of experiences of care partner engagement in patient safety is required.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will include qualitative studies that consider the experiences of care partners, adult patients, and health care professionals. The engagement of care partners in patient safety within pediatric hospital settings will not be considered.

Methods:
This review will follow the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence. A preliminary literature search was conducted in MEDLINE and a full search strategy was developed for MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO (all via Ovid), as well as the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and JBI Evidence Synthesis. The JBI approach to study selection, critical appraisal, data extraction, data synthesis, and assessment of confidence will be followed. Two reviewers will test the screening criteria and data extraction protocol.

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42023476286
An Experimental Study on the Effects of Nonuniform Vane Spacing on Forced Response Reduction in a Mistuned Rotor Blisk in a Multistage Axial Compressor
Authors: Leng Yujun , Dodda Jhansi R. , Key Nicole L. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Stators with nonuniform vane spacing (NUVS) are known to effectively reduce the forced response of adjacent rotors by spreading the primary engine order (EO) excitation at a certain speed to a series of weaker excitations at nearby EOs over a wider speed range. To be used in a real gas turbine engine, it is essential to know the forced response vibratory reduction that can be achieved for a specific NUVS configuration at different operating conditions. The classical estimation method to predict the blade response reduction is to quantify the reduction of the forcing function at a potential resonance crossing by conducting a circumferential Fourier analysis of the asymmetric flow field. However, besides excitation reduction, the blade forced response also depends on other factors, such as damping and blade-to-blade interactions due to mistuning. To study the blade forced response reduction in a realistic environment, a comprehensive experimental study was conducted in the Purdue three-stage axial research compressor at three different loading conditions. The vibratory response of the first torsion (1 T) mode forced response of rotor 2 was measured by strain gages (SGs) for two different upstream stator 1 configurations: the symmetric 38-vaned stator 1 configuration and the NUVS stator 1 configuration with 18–20 vane halves. As expected, the strong 38EO-1T response from the symmetric stator reduced to a series of weaker responses from 35EO to 41EO in the NUVS configuration. The overlap of adjacent EO responses caused considerable beating phenomena in the blade SG time–history data. There was substantial blade-to-blade variation in blade response for both symmetric and asymmetric stator 1 configurations due to the inherent nonintentional mistuning in the rotor 2 blisk. This, in turn, causes a large blade-to-blade variation in the reduction factors. While higher responding blades tend to have larger reduction factors, some blades show almost no forced response reduction when switching to the NUVS stator. In addition, the reduction factors for each blade and the maximum reduction factor for the whole blisk also change significantly with loading conditions. The measured reduction factors and the peak response EO are not well predicted by the classical estimation method. This indicates that both damping and mistuning effects need to be considered in the NUVS reduction factor prediction.
Signal-Processing Method to Synthesize Eddy Current Sensors
Authors: Lepage Benoit 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article focuses on the development of a novel method for synthesizing an eddy current sensor using signal-processing techniques based on the linear superposition of multiple parallel acquisition signals. The proposed method will be demonstrated in the context of a cross-wound sensor (CWS) made of a flexible printed circuit board (PCB). Traditionally, the configuration and detection orientation of an eddy current sensor are determined during the fabrication process, which limits the flexibility and versatility of the sensor. However, the method developed in this research enables the fabrication of the sensor through signal processing, increasing the customization potential and adaptability. Furthermore, the proposed method also enables the production of a suitable lift-off sensor (LOS) for dynamic lift-off compensation (DLOC). DLOC is a crucial aspect of eddy current sensing as it helps to account for the distance between the sensor and the target surface, which can affect measurement accuracy. The ability to configure the CWS detection orientation with DLOC capabilities through signal processing offers significant advantages in terms of sensor performance and versatility. Experimental results will be presented that demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in enabling an eddy current sensor featuring configurable detection orientation and DLOC capabilities.
Wear of Wave Energy Converters Mooring Lines Belts
Authors: Abdellatef Mohammed , Clark Josiah , Kojimoto Nigel , Gunawan Budi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Using a belt as a replacement for a rope on a rotary power take-offs (PTOs) system has become more common for wave energy converters, improving cyclic bend over sheave performance with a smaller bending thickness for belts. However, the service life predictions of PTOs are a major concern in design, because belt performance under harsh underwater environments is largely less studied. In this work, the effect of fleet and twist angles on wear life is being investigated both experimentally and numerically. Two three-dimensional equivalent static finite element models are constructed to evaluate the complex stress state of polyurethane-steel belts around steel drums. The first is to capture the response of the experimental investigation performed on the wear life, and the second to predict the wear life of an existing functional PTO. The results show a significant effect for fleet and twist angles on stress concentrations and estimated service life.
Rectangular Bismuth Oxychloride With High Mid-Wave Infrared Reflectance to Strengthen Radiative Cooling Performance
Authors: Sun Junyu , Wang Jing , An Yizhuo , Ji Cheng , Bai Shuxin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Radiative cooling materials (RCMs) based on polymers, which reflect solar irradiance (0.24–2.5 μm) strongly and emit radiation within atmospheric window (8–13 μm) intensively, have yielded obvious cooling performance. However, RCMs reported failed to realize high mid-wave infrared (2.5–8 μm) reflectance (i.e., spectral selectivity), which play an important role in rejecting the radiation from the ambient, especially in high relative humidity. Thus, enhancing the reflectance of RCMs in mid-wave infrared can further strengthen the cooling effect in an environment of high relative humidity. The additive of fillers with high reflectance in mid-wave infrared is effective, low cost, and convenient to modify the cooling performance of polymeric RCMs. In this article, micron rectangular bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) powders were proposed and synthesized using the hydrothermal method. Rectangular BiOCl boasts excellent mid-wave infrared reflective capacity (85%). Then, rectangular BiOCl was added into the top layer of flexible hierarchically porous complex membrane and improved the reflectance of porous membrane within 2.5–8 μm from 48.3% to 58.1%. However, the emittance of the obtained bilayer membrane within the atmospheric window was hardly affected. The membrane with BiOCl exhibited better cooling performance in humid ambient (70%), demonstrating the importance of spectral selectivity experimentally. This work proposed an effective strategy to modify the spectral selectivity of RCMs, and it could expand the application of radiative cooling materials in hot and humid areas.
A Solar Air Receiver With Porous Ceramic Structures for Process Heat at Above 1000 °C—Heat Transfer Analysis
Authors: Patil Vikas R. , Steinfeld Aldo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Concentrated solar energy can be used as the source of heat at above 1000 °C for driving key energy-intensive industrial processes, such as cement manufacturing and metallurgical extraction, contributing to their decarbonization. The cornerstone technology is the solar receiver mounted on top of the solar tower, which absorbs the incident high-flux radiation and heats a heat transfer fluid. The proposed high-temperature solar receiver concept consists of a cavity containing a reticulated porous ceramic (RPC) structure for volumetric absorption of concentrated solar radiation entering through an open (windowless) aperture, which also serves for the access of ambient air used as the heat transfer fluid flowing across the RPC structure. A heat transfer analysis of the solar receiver is performed by means of two coupled models: a Monte Carlo (MC) ray-tracing model to solve the 3D radiative exchange and a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to solve the 2D convective and conductive heat transfer. Temperature distributions computed by the iteratively coupled models were compared with experimental data obtained by testing a lab-scale 5 kW receiver prototype with a silicon carbide RPC structure exposed to 3230 suns flux irradiation. The receiver model is applied to optimize its dimensions for maximum efficiency and to scale-up for a 5 MW solar tower.
Finite Element Simulations and Statistical Analysis for the Tribological Design of Mutually Textured Surfaces and Related Experimental Validation
Authors: Berardo Alice , Borasso Massimiliano , Gallus Enrico , Pugno Nicola M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the last few decades, micro-texturing has become a widely studied technique to modify the frictional behavior between surfaces in both dry and lubricated regimes. Among all the available techniques, the laser surface texturing appears to be fast, clean, and flexible, and thus a good candidate in realizing surface micro-patterns, also for the improvement of the tribological performance of automotive components when subjected to dry friction. For this reason, in the present work, the tribological response of four different patterns of micro-holes on two contrasting materials, specifically silicon carbide and carbon black have been investigated with a coupled experimental–numerical approach. The static and the dynamic friction coefficients have been extracted from the 25 different combinations of these surface textures including the flat counterparts. Then, the influence of the holes diameter, their density, and the material has been studied thanks to a multivariate linear regression. Specifically, it emerged that, in a dry regime, the most emerging parameter is the micro-holes diameter, for both static and dynamic frictions. Moreover, for both static and dynamic frictions, the material which more influences the effects of patterns to the overall frictional behavior is here the stiffest one. These insights for the design of micro-patterned surfaces with controlled frictional properties could be useful for those applications in which a dry friction regime is present.
An Investigation Into the Impact of Simplified Lung Airway Models on Respirable Dust Particle Deposition Using CFD and Wind Tunnel Testing
Authors: Aboelezz Ahmed , Hassanalian Mostafa , Roghanchi Pedram 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of simplified lung airway models on the deposition of dust particles. It uses Computational Fluid Dynamics and wind tunnel testing to assess the accuracy and reliability of these models in predicting dust behavior in the respiratory system, particularly in coal mining. Through CFD simulations, we analyzed it in a simplified lung model. These results were compared with those from more complex models. The simulations focused on key factors influencing particle deposition. Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to validate the simulation results and observe dust behavior. These experiments provided insights into the limitations of simplified lung models in capturing the deposition of fine dust particles.
The study found significant differences in air velocities between simplified and complex lung models, leading to potential underestimation or overestimation of dust deposition. This research enhances understanding of dust particle deposition in the lungs, contributing to respiratory health and safety. It highlights the need for more sophisticated modeling techniques in occupational health studies and improves safety standards in industries with dust exposure.
Effect of Ribs in the Radial Suction Casing of Multistage Pump
Authors: Kim Joshua Joohyen , Son Jinho , Kim Jongbum , Boehle Martin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study examines the influence of ribs installed in the radial suction casing used for a barrel-type multistage pump. Four different suction casings were investigated — with no rib, 2 straight ribs, 8 straight ribs and 8 curved ribs. CFD studies were carried out to compare performances of these geometries, and then a 4-stage pump, equipped with the suction casing with 8 curved ribs, was manufactured and tested. Fluid entering the pump moves through a radial inlet nozzle into a circular chamber. There it flows in circumferential direction and turns radially towards the impeller at the same time. The casings with no rib or two straight ribs show the typical pre- and counter-rotating flow-pattern at the impeller inlet. However, eight straight or curved ribs effectively reduce the circumferential velocity component of fluid, resulting in a lower cavitation-inception (NPSHi). A greater number of ribs generates slightly higher casing loss due to increased friction, but its influence on the overall efficiency of the multistage pump is negligible. The numerically predicted NPSHi and NPSH3% were compared to the test results of the 4-stage pump, and a decent agreement was observed. The suction casing with eight curved ribs and an optimized impeller with suction-side profiled leading edge gave a low NPSHi (σi = 0.4) at shockless flow.
Microfluidic Bi-Axial Cell Stretching Platform for Intestinal Epithelial Cell Modeling
Authors: Gong Liyuan , Rivera Kevin , Chaudhary Birendra , Matsuo Takeshi , Farah Mitchell , Hartman Robert , Greene Samuel , Lin Yang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells encounter intricate mechanical and physiological stimuli within the intestinal microenvironment. Establishing a precise and dynamic in vitro model is essential to exert control over cellular behaviors. As microfluidic devices offer unparalleled versatility and precision for replicating physiological conditions, this tool has attracted increasing attention in broad applications. This study presents a novel microfluidic bi-axial 9-well cell stretching system designed for cells using two common intestinal epithelial cell lines (Caco2 and HT29) as the models. The system employs a mechanical linkage system capable of simultaneously stretching cells in nine wells, applying a 10% strain driven by a linear actuator. Realtime strain data is collected on the shaft to validate displacement and detect system motion disturbances. The material characterization of 15:1 polydimethylsiloxane was done utilizing a tensile testing system, and the experimental validation was achieved through digital image correlation. Cellular morphology and viability were assessed under different cell culture conditions for 5 days. The results indicate that cells cultured in stretching and static conditions exhibited higher viability compared to those solely cultured under flow conditions. Interestingly, both cell lines demonstrated faster differentiation under flowing and stretching conditions, displaying an enlarged cellular membrane. HT29 cells also exhibited higher viability than Caco2 cells under cell stretching. Furthermore, flow shear stress reduced the viability of both cell lines emphasizing the need for further comprehensive studies to conduct a parametric analysis of flow shear stress and strain rate to optimize dynamic cell culturing conditions to obtain desired cellular properties.
Detachment of Triboelectrically Charged Bumpy Particles in Turbulent Flows
Authors: Khanmohammadi Abbas , Ahmadi Goodarz 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study analytically evaluated the removal of charged irregularly shaped particles from rough surfaces in turbulent airflows. Spherical particles with several bumps (protrusions) were used as models for the compact, irregularly shaped particles. It was assumed that the substrate and particle bumps have fine surface roughness. The cases where the particles were charged by the triboelectric mechanism in the presence of an electric field were considered. In this case, the charges were assumed to reside on the particle bumps due to the collisions with dissimilar surfaces. For particles with fixed charges per unit mass, various electrostatic forces, including Coulomb, image, dielectrophoretic, and polarization forces, were considered. The adhesion of bumps was modeled using the improved Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) adhesion theory, with each bump having fine roughness in contact with rough substrates. The shear velocity required to remove the charged irregularly shaped particles in turbulent flows was evaluated using the theoretical interactions between adhesion, electrostatic, and hydrodynamic forces. The effects of particle size, charge, irregularity, and surface roughness on their detachment were investigated.
Numerical Simulations on the Turbulent Boundary Layer of Droplet Laden Flow Over a Flat-Plate
Authors: Tang Pengbo , Li Jingyin , Li Kunhang , Lv Qian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The droplet-laden flows in fluid machinery often result in an evident deterioration in aerodynamic performance, but less attention has been paid on the underlying mechanism till now. In the present study, we investigated the dispersion and deposition of droplet particles in a spatially developing turbulent boundary layer over a flat plat. A three-dimensional simulation was performed on the turbulent droplet-laden flow in a boundary layer of a flat plate placed in a wind tunnel. Large eddy simulation (LES) coupled with discrete phase model (DPM) was employed for carrier gas and laden droplet particles respectively, to investigate the turbulent gas-droplets behaviors in plate boundary layer. Results showed that the evolutions of vortex structure including the large-scale coherent structures, were augmented with an increased initial gas velocity. Moreover, it was found that the droplet particles are more likely to congregate in the low-velocity strip region, the congregation is affected by St number. With a decreased Stokes number, the droplet particles are prone to gathering in the upstream of the vortex surface. On the contrary, the particles tend to enter the vortex structure when the Stokes number is increased. In addition, the droplet particle tends to deposit in the low-velocity strip region, and form concentration peaks at the front of the plate. The positions of the peaks move downstream with particle sizes, and the change gas incoming velocities has a slight influence on the position of the deposition peak.
Numerical Simulation of Clay Slurries With High Yield Stresses in Centrifugal Pumps
Authors: Garman Mohamed , Visintainer Robert 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Centrifugal slurry pumps are widely used for hydraulic transportation of solids in the mining and dredging industries. The performance of these pumps degrades when handling a slurry flow. The level of complexity increases for a pump handling non-Newtonian (non-settling) slurries, especially when these slurries exhibit a high yield stress. The viscous effect is the primary source of performance loss in non-Newtonian slurries, and this loss is more pronounced in efficiency than in head. In sets of experiments conducted at GIW Industries, Inc. [1], the measured pump performance and pipeline friction loss were captured while testing a phosphate clay slurry at different solids concentrations. This slurry was tested at a range of yield stresses from 100–600 Pa, established by varying the solids concentration. The tested pump was a GIW-LCC-M 80-300 type, featuring a three-vane, closed-shroud impeller with a 0.3-m diameter. A high-fidelity CFD simulation was developed and simulated, with the measured rheology used as an input to the CFD simulations. The simulation results showed a good agreement with the tested performance. The outcome of these simulations could be used as a resource for predicting the pump derate within the testing range, as the results could help in selecting the pump size and determining the power requirement.