bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR‐301a regulates E‐cadherin expression and is predictive of prostate cancer recurrence
Authors: Nam Robert K. , Benatar Tania , Wallis Christopher J. D. , Amemiya Yutaka , Yang Wenyi , Garbens Alaina , Naeim Magda , Sherman Christopher , Sugar Linda , Seth Arun 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression post‐transcriptionally. Dysregulation of miRNA has been implicated in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Through next generation miRNA sequencing, we recently identified a panel of five miRNAs associated with prostate cancer recurrence and metastasis. Of the five miRNAs, miR‐301a had the strongest association with prostate cancer recurrence. Overexpression of miR‐301a in prostate cancer cells, PC3, and LNCaP resulted in increased growth both in vitro and in xenografted tumors. We therefore sought to examine its role in prostate carcinogenesis in greater detail.METHODSWe examined the effect of miR‐301a expression on biochemical recurrence and metastasis among 585 men treated with radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. We examined the mechanism of growth deregulation by miR‐301a in prostate cancer cells using analysis of the miRome of prostate cancer cell lines, quantitative PCR, and Western blotting.RESULTSHigh levels of miR‐301a (above the median) were associated with an increased risk of biochemical recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.90, P = 0.002) but not of metastasis (aHR 0.84, 95%CI 0.41–1.70, P = 0.6) after adjustment for known prognostic factors. RNA transcriptome sequencing analysis of miR‐301a overexpressing prostate cancer cell lines identified the tumor suppressor p63 as a potential direct miR‐301a target. Transcriptome sequencing, qPCR and Western blotting showed that miR‐301a induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in prostate cancer cells through a pathway initiated by p63 inhibition. Luciferase assay verified p63 as a direct target of miR‐301a. Loss of p63 resulted in miR‐205 downregulation, releasing Zeb1 and Zeb2 from inhibition, culminating in Zeb1/Zeb2 suppression of E‐cadherin. This pathway of growth alteration mediated by miR‐301a upregulation was shown to be valid in prostate cancer cell lines and patient‐derived tumors.CONCLUSIONSThese data indicate that miR‐301a functions as an oncogene in prostate cancer by directly targeting the p63 tumor suppressor leading to loss of E‐cadherin and EMT. Hence, miR‐301a may serve as a novel biomarker in prostate cancer as well as a therapeutic target for prostate cancer management. Prostate 76:869–884, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New insight into the modulated photocurrent technique using 2D full numerical simulations
Authors: Lachaume Raphaël , Longeaud Christophe , Kleider Jean‐Paul 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe modulated photocurrent technique has been used for a few decades now to provide information on the localized density of states (DOS) in semiconductor thin films. In previous studies, a simplified analytical treatment has been performed in 1D to derive equations that one has been using to reconstruct the DOS located near the majority carrier band. In these former studies, all the physical quantities were considered as constant within the sample depth, however, we know that it is not the case especially in the presence of a strong gradient of photogeneration in some materials. In this paper, for the first time, we show results of 2D simulations of the modulated photocurrent (MPC) experiment in order to study the effect of vertical photogeneration inhomogeneity on the MPC and to discuss the validity of the 1D assumption in more realistic cases. Thanks to these 2D simulations, new insight is gained in the understanding of the MPC experiment. Indeed, we show that we can explain and reproduce some of the experimental behaviors that the 1D theory failed to predict. Hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) is taken as a reference material for demonstration purposes, but this 2D approach can also be extended to other semiconductor materials and other types of inhomogeneities.
Hydrogels with incorporated graphene oxide as light‐addressable actuator materials for cell culture environments in lab‐on‐chip systems
Authors: Breuer L. , Raue M. , Strobel M. , Mang T. , Schöning M. J. , Thoelen R. , Wagner T. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAbstractauthoren Graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles were incorporated in temperature‐sensitive Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) hydrogels. The nanoparticles increase the light absorption and convert light energy into heat efficiently. Thus, the hydrogels with GO can be stimulated spatially resolved by illumination as it was demonstrated by IR thermography. The temporal progression of the temperature maximum was detected for different concentrations of GO within the polymer network. Furthermore, the compatibility of PNIPAAm hydrogels with GO and cell cultures was investigated. For this purpose, culture medium was incubated with hydrogels containing GO and the viability and morphology of chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was examined after several days of culturing in presence of this medium.
Optimisation and design of PV modules for the application on bus roof‐top and system integration for solar cooling
Authors: Demircioğlu Olgu , Es Fırat , Hande Çiftpınar Emine , Zeybek Akın , Tuncer Cahit , Turan Raşit 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn this study, an external electrical cooling unit powered by PV modules was installed on the roof‐top of a bus to keep cooled interior atmosphere at a certain temperature level during the journey breaks. All solar cells used in this project were fabricated by Center for Solar Energy Research and Applications (GUNAM) and; then, integrated onto a bus roof together with MAN Turkey A.Ş. For integration of PV modules onto roof of bus, a reliable and commercially applicable method has been developed. Following integration, illumination level on the bus in summer season was measured to investigate the shadow effect on the bus roof while touring in the city. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Numerical modeling and simulation of ZnO nanowire devices for energy harvesting
Authors: Serairi Linda , Yu Dapeng , Leprince‐Wang Yamin 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDuo to their multifunctional properties, the piezoelectric ZnO nanowires are of great interest in many applications such as the energy harvesting. In this work, a numerical modelling based on the finite element method was performed to study the potential distribution inside the ZnO nanowire and the impact of the geometric parameters on the generated piezopotential both in bending and compression deformation. In this context, a nanowire discharge behavioural study was carried out in order to obtain an analytic expression which connects the piezopotential and nanowire geometrical parameters in the bending deformation. Furthermore, a heuristic algorithm Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has been used in order to improve the electromechanical performance of ZnO nanowire based nanogenerator. It is fount that under the same order of force applied on a nanowire, the compression mode results in a piezopotential 9 times larger than that in the bending deformation. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Tamm plasmon polaritons in the visible spectral region and its optical properties in ZnSe‐based microcavities
Authors: Shaid‐Ur Rahman S. K. , Sebald Kathrin , Gutowski Jürgen , Klein Thorsten , Klembt Sebastian , Kruse Carsten , Hommel Detlef 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe report on the formation of Tamm plasmon (TP) modes in the visible spectral region at the interface between a Ag film and a ZnSe‐based distributed Bragg reflector (DBR). The tuning of the TP eigenenergies within the stop‐band in dependence on the DBR top layer thickness is investigated by micro‐reflectivity measurements. The experimental findings are compared with calculations using the transfer matrix method. The latter calculations show that strong coupling can be achieved between quantum well (QW) excitons and the TP modes. In addition, the Rabi‐splitting energy can be enhanced in a simple TP structure by increasing the number of QWs inside the top layer of the DBR.When a metal layer is deposited on a cold MC sample, micro‐reflectivity spectra show a blue shift of the cavity resonance. The TP modes are likewise observed in the same MC sample when reducing the top layer thickness of the DBR. This shift of cavity resonance and formation of TP mode are in good agreement with calculations. These results are rather promising in order to realize a spatial confinement of the polaritons by utilizing metal strips. Such channeling of polaritons opens the way to practical demonstration of exciton‐polariton integrated circuits. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A comparative study of the gas sensing properties of hierarchical ZnO nanostructures
Authors: Capochichi‐Gnambodoe Martine , Habba Yamina Ghozlane , Leprince‐Wang Yamin 
Published: March 2016

AbstractTwo types of ZnO nanostructure have been fabricated to make a comparative study on their gas sensing performance: the conventional ZnO nanowire arrays were synthesized by hydrothermal method and the hierarchical ZnO nanowires/nanofibers nanostructures were prepared through a combination of the hydrothermal and electrospinning methods. Field emission scanning electron microscopy study showed a quiet homogeneous morphology both for both nanostructures. Three kinds of commonly used gases, such as ethanol, acetone and ammonia were chosen for ZnO nanostructure gas sensing property study. The UV‐Visible spectroscopy measurements showed a higher detection sensitivity of ZnO NWs for ammonia compared to ethanol and acetone, and an enhanced sensing performance for the hierarchical nano‐ structure, which has a higher surface to volume ratio. On the other hand, the enhancement was more obviously in the case of ethanol sensing. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Influence of source transport rate upon fractions of Mg and Se in Zn1‐xMgxSeyTe1–y layers grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy
Authors: Saito Katsuhiko , Abiru Masakatsu , Mori Eiichiro , Araki Yasuhiro , Tanaka Daichi , Tanaka Tooru , Guo Qixin , Nishio Mitsuhiro 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe growth of undoped Zn1–xMgx Sey Te1–y layers on (100) ZnTe substrates by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy has been carried out. The fractions of Mg and Se, Raman property and surface roughness have been characterized as a function of bis‐methylcyclopentadienyl‐magnesium ((MeCp)2Mg) or diethylselenide (DESe) transport rates. It has been demonstrated that the Mg and Se fractions in Zn1–xMgx Sey Te1–y layer can be controlled successfully by these source transport rates. Furthermore, the behaviors of two Raman peaks related to ZnSeTe‐like longitudinal optical phonon mode and MgSeTe‐like one have been clarified for some Mg and Se fractions in Zn1–xMgx Sey Te1–y layers. It has been shown by varying (MeCp)2Mg or DESe transport rates that Zn1‐xMgx Sey Te1–y layer nearly‐lattice‐matched to ZnTe substrate shows low surface roughness. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Recent advances in robot‐assisted head and neck surgery
Authors: Friedrich Daniel T. , Scheithauer Marc O. , Greve Jens , Hoffmann Thomas K. , Schuler Patrick J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractObjectiveThis article reviews current clinical applications and experimental developments for robotic surgery in the head and neck with special focus on financial challenges, current clinical trials, and the controversial aspect of haptic and tactile feedback.Data sourcesLiterature was screened using the pubmed library. Information on clinical trials was excerpted from the National Institute of Health database. Additional data on experimental developments were gathered by personal communication.ResultsA steep increase in clinical applications for robotic surgery in the head and neck is determined as possible indications extend. Clinical trials are mostly non‐randomized. A wide range of new robotic systems are expected to come into clinical use in the near future.ConclusionAs head and neck surgeons become more familiar with robotic surgery some patients evidently benefit from new technologies. Increased competition between the systems will certainly drive technological improvement and decrease the financial burden. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fish and Benthic Macroinvertebrate Assemblage Response to Removal of a Partially Breached Lowhead Dam
Authors: Gillette D. P. , Daniel K. , Redd C. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDam removal is an increasingly common restoration technique in lotic ecosystems. Potential dam removal benefits include improved aquatic organism passage, restoration of natural flow dynamics and a general improvement in habitat for native species. However, understanding potential dam removal outcomes requires data on ecosystem response in a wide variety of settings. We evaluated fish and benthic macroinvertebrate response to removal of the Spruce Pine dam in western North Carolina, USA. This dam was partially breached prior to removal, and impounded a coolwater river, both scenarios under which dam removal has been under‐studied. Post‐removal shifts in fish and benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages did not occur, suggesting that previously documented patterns of assemblage change in response to dam removal, particularly in the area upstream from the dam, are not universal, and may depend upon factors such as river gradient and water temperature, and the available species pool. Such information can aid managers in identifying conditions under which an expectation of significant instream habitat improvement in response to dam removal may not be warranted. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Morphological and nanomechanical changes in mechanosensitive endothelial cells induced by colloidal AFM probes
Authors: Targosz‐Korecka Marta , Malek‐Zietek Katarzyna E. , Brzezinka Grzegorz D. , Jaglarz Magdalena 
Published: March 2016

SummaryMechanotransduction is one of the main properties of endothelial cells (ECs) phenotype. Hemodynamic forces like flow‐generated endothelial shear stress play a fundamental role in ECs cytoskeletal remodeling and activate signaling cascades in ECs. AFM methods are widely used to characterize morphology as well as mechanical properties of cells. In both cases AFM probes directly interact with cell surface exerting mechanical forces on the cellular membrane, which in turn may stimulate mechanosensitive receptors present in EC. This article presents examples of how the colloidal AFM probes influence ECs during multiple scans. The results revealed that multiple scans of the ECs significantly influenced the morphology and elasticity of cells. Moreover, changes in the cell shape and mechanical properties were dependent on the scan direction (across or along the main axis of the cell). Multiple scans with a colloidal probe leaded to reorientation of the cell main axis and this effect was similar to the action of the shear stress induced by flow conditions. Furthermore, the correlation between the tip‐induced modification of the cell properties and the remodeling of the cell's glycocalyx was observed. SCANNING 38:654–664, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Insights Into the Diversity of Attitudes Concerning Evolution and Creation: A Multidimensional Approach
Authors: KONNEMANN CHRISTIANE , ASSHOFF ROMAN , HAMMANN MARCUS 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTThe main aim of this paper is to describe high school students’ attitudes concerning evolution and creation, with a focus on (1) attitudes toward evolutionary theory, (2) attitudes toward the Biblical accounts of creation, (3) creationist beliefs, and (4) scientistic beliefs. Latent class analyses revealed seven attitude profiles in a sample of 1672 German high school students. In contrast with the prevailing focus on creationism in science education research, a scientistic attitude profile (22%) rather than a creationist attitude profile (4%) characterized the largest group in this sample. The remaining five profiles account for three‐fourths of the sample and describe a range of different positions, that is, noncreationist and nonscientistic positions. Moreover, the groups of students who belonged to different attitude profiles differed significantly in terms of further variables: (a) perception of conflict between science and theology, (b) attitudes toward science, (c) attitudes toward religion, (d) understanding of the nature of science, and (e) understanding of the nature of Christian theology. The benefit of the presented approach is discussed in the context of previous studies that focused on the acceptance of evolutionary theory. Because we found evidence for a wide variety of attitudes, implications for teaching and learning evolution are discussed.
Multiple Subsets of Brain Tumor Initiating Cells Coexist in Glioblastoma
Authors: Rennert Robert C. , Achrol Achal S. , Januszyk Michael , Kahn Suzana A. , Liu Tiffany T. , Liu Yi , Sahoo Debashis , Rodrigues Melanie , Maan Zeshaan N. , Wong Victor W. , Cheshier Samuel H. , Chang Steven D. , Steinberg Gary K. , Harsh Griffith R. , Gurtner Geoffrey C. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs) are self-renewing multipotent cells critical for tumor maintenance and growth. Using single-cell microfluidic profiling, we identified multiple subpopulations of BTICs coexisting in human glioblastoma, characterized by distinct surface marker expression and single-cell molecular profiles relating to divergent bulk tissue molecular subtypes. These data suggest BTIC subpopulation heterogeneity as an underlying source of intra-tumoral bulk tissue molecular heterogeneity, and will support future studies into BTIC subpopulation-specific therapies.
Vav1 Regulates Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation Decision Between Adipocyte and Chondrocyte via Sirt1
Authors: Qu Peng , Wang Lizhen , Min Yongfen , McKennett Lois , Keller Jonathan R. , Lin P. Charles 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells residing in the bone marrow. MSCs have the potential to differentiate to adipocytes, chondrocytes, and other types of cells. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism that controls MSC cell fate decisions for differentiation. We found that Vav1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho GTPase, was highly expressed in MSCs. Interestingly, loss of Vav1 in MSCs led to spontaneous adipogenic but impaired chondrogenic differentiation, and accordingly Vav1 null mice displayed an increase in fat content and a decrease in cartilage. Conversely, ectopic expression of Vav1 in MSCs reversed this phenotype, and led to enhanced MSC differentiation into chondrocyte but retarded adipogenesis. Mechanistically, loss of Vav1 reduced the level of Sirt1, which was responsible for an increase of acetylated PPARγ. As acetylation activates PPARγ, it increased C/EBPα expression and promoted adipogenesis. On the other hand, loss of Vav1 resulted in an increase of acetylated Sox9, a target of Sirt1. As acetylation represses Sox9 activity, it led to a dramatic reduction of collagen 2α1, a key regulator in chondrocyte differentiation. Finally, we found that Vav1 regulates Sirt1 in MSCs through Creb. Together this study reveals a novel function of Vav1 in regulating MSC cell fate decisions for differentiation through Sirt1. Sirt1 deacetylates PPARγ and Sox9, two key mediators that control adipocyte and chondrocyte differentiation. The acetylation status of PPARγ and Sox9 has opposite effects on its activity, thereby controlling cell fate decision.
Analytical modelling of bond stress at steel concrete interface due to corrosion
Authors: Hussein Luaay , Amleh Lamya 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAn analytical model is proposed for bond stresses at the corroded steel‐concrete interface in reinforced concrete. The concrete around the corroded bar is modelled as a thick‐walled cylinder – consisting of an inner cylinder of an anisotropic material and an outer cylinder made of an isotropic material – subjected to internal pressure exerted by the growth of corrosion products on the concrete wall at the interface. A frictional model is used to combine the action of confining pressure due to radial pressure produced by principal bar ribs and the pressure resulting from expansion of corrosion products. The analysis results using the proposed model show good agreement with the experimental results of several researchers.
Experiments to establish the loadbearing behaviour of lightweight sandwich beams using textile‐reinforced and expanded polystyrene concrete
Authors: Anh Nguyen Viet , Jesse Frank , Curbach Manfred 
Published: March 2016

AbstractTextile‐reinforced concrete (TRC) is a combination of small‐grain high‐performance concrete (HPC) and high‐strength textile reinforcement. TRC enables thin layers and has high tensile and compressive strengths. In this paper, TRC was used for the face layers and combined with a core of lightweight expanded polystyrene concrete (EPC) to create lightweight sandwich beams without special joint reinforcement to connect the layers. The experimental testing of the loadbearing behaviour of this kind of sandwich beam, along with the influence of the shear span‐to‐depth ratio (a/d) as observed during three‐ and four‐point bending tests, will be summarized. The failure behaviour of the sandwich beams is influenced by the shear span‐to‐depth ratio, the type of bending test and the tensile capacity of the TRC layer. A diagonal tension failure occurred in experimental beams with 2.6 ≤ a/d ≤ 5.2 in three‐point bending tests and 3.1 ≤ a/d ≤ 4.1 in four‐point tests. The shear strength of the beams could be conservatively estimated according to the current European standards.
Changes in the expression of IL‐6‐Mediated MicroRNAs in the dorsal root ganglion under neuropathic pain in mice
Authors: Hori Naosuke , Narita Michiko , Yamashita Akira , Horiuchi Hiroshi , Hamada Yusuke , Kondo Takashige , Watanabe Moe , Igarashi Katsuhide , Kawata Miho , Shibasaki Masahiro , Yamazaki Mitsuaki , Kuzumaki Naoko , Inada Eiichi , Ochiya Takahiro , Iseki Masako , Mori Tomohisa , Narita Minoru 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA multiplex analysis for profiling the expression of candidate microRNAs (miRNAs), which are small noncoding RNAs that function as key post‐transcriptional regulators, may lead to a better understanding of the complex machinery of neuropathic pain. In the present study, we performed a miRNA array analysis using tissues of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), a primary site for pain processing, obtained from mice with partial sciatic nerve ligation. Among 1135 total miRNAs, 26 miRNAs showed up‐regulation (more than 2‐fold change) and only 4 miRNAs showed down‐regulation (less than 0.5‐fold change) in the DRG of nerve‐ligated mice. In a RT‐qPCR assay, the levels of miR‐21, miR‐431, and miR‐511‐3p were significantly increased on the ipsilateral side of the DRG from 3 to 7 days after sciatic nerve ligation. These elevations were almost absent in IL‐6 knockout mice. Furthermore, the expression level of miR‐21, but not those of miR‐431 or miR511‐3p, was significantly increased in exosomes extracted from blood of nerve‐ligated mice. These findings suggest that the increased expression of IL‐6‐regulated miR‐21, miR‐431, and miR‐511‐3p in the DRG and increased exosomal miR‐21 extracted from blood after sciatic nerve ligation may play at least a partial role in neuropathic pain. Synapse 70:317–324, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.