bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The complete genome sequence of Exiguobacterium arabatum W‐01 reveals potential probiotic functions
Authors: Cong Meinan , Jiang Qingling , Xu Xiaojin , Huang Lixing , Su Yongquan , Yan Qingpi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractShrimp is extensively cultured worldwide. Shrimp farming is suffering from a variety of diseases. Probiotics are considered to be one of the effective methods to prevent and cure shrimp diseases. Exiguobacterium arabatum W‐01, a gram‐positive and orange‐pigmented bacterium, was isolated from the intestine of a healthy Penaeus vannamei specimen. Whole‐genome sequencing revealed a genome of 2,914,854 bp, with 48.02% GC content. In total, 3,083 open reading frames (ORFs) were identified, with an average length of 843.98 bp and a mean GC content of 48.11%, accounting for 89.27% of the genome. Among these ORFs, 2,884 (93.5%) genes were classified into Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) families comprising 21 functional categories, and 1,650 ORFs were classified into 83 functional Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. A total of 27 rRNA operons and 68 tRNAs were identified, with all 20 amino acids represented. In addition, 91 genomic islands, 68 potential prophages, and 33 tandem repeats, but no clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs), were found. No resistance genes and only one virulence gene were identified. Among the 150 secreted proteins of E. arabatum W‐01, a variety of transport system substrate‐binding proteins, enzymes, and biosynthetic proteins, which play important roles in the uptake and metabolism of nutrients, were found. Two adherence‐related protein genes and 31 flagellum‐related protein genes were also identified. Taken together, these results indicate potential probiotic functions for E. arabatum W‐01.
Projection of the prevalence of Parkinson's disease in the coming decades: Revisited
Authors: Rossi Alexander , Berger Kristin , Chen Honglei , Leslie Douglas , Mailman Richard B. , Huang Xuemei 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTObjectivePrevious studies have estimated future PD prevalence based on population aging. This study revisits that projection by accounting for the potential impact of declining rates of smoking.MethodsThe age‐ and gender‐stratified smoking prevalence in the United States from 2000 to 2040 were obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau and the U.S. Surgeon General's Smoking Report. PD prevalence was estimated based on population aging with and without an account of the impact of declining smoking rates. Relative risks of 0.56 and 0.78 were applied for current and former smokers, respectively.ResultsAccounting for aging alone, ∼700,000 PD cases are predicted by 2040. After accounting for the declining smoking prevalence, ∼770,000 cases, an increase of ∼10% over the estimate without smoking, is predicted.ConclusionsIf the epidemiological association of smoking and PD is causal, projecting future cases without considering smoking may underestimate disease burden, underscoring the urgency of adequate resource allocation. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
25‐Hydroxyvitamin D3 and its C‐3 epimer are elevated in the skin and serum of Skh‐1 mice supplemented with dietary vitamin D3
Authors: Teegarden Matthew D. , Campbell Amanda R. , Cooperstone Jessica L. , Tober Kathleen L. , Schwartz Steven J. , Oberyszyn Tatiana M. 
Published: June 2017

ScopeUV exposure is a risk factor for keratinocyte carcinoma (KC) while critical for endogenous vitamin D production. We investigated dietary modulation of skin and serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3) and its C‐3 epimer (C3epi) in a mouse model of KC. C3epi is an under‐investigated metabolite of vitamin D with respect to its biological implications.Methods and resultsMale and female Skh‐1 mice were supplemented with 25, 150 or 1000 IU/kg diet vitamin D3 for 25 weeks, with some exposed to UV light. Skin and serum vitamin D metabolites were quantitated using HPLC‐MS/MS (n = 3 per dose/sex/UV treatment). Serum and skin 25OHD3 and C3epi significantly increased with dose (P<0.0001), but with different response patterns. UV exposure significantly attenuated serum, but not skin, levels of both metabolites (P<0.001, P = 0.0287), while up‐regulating expression of renal Cyp24a1 (P < 0.01). A dose by sex interaction trended toward significance with serum and skin levels of C3epi, wherein male mice attained higher levels of C3epi with higher dietary vitamin D3. This reflected a similar, but non‐significant pattern in average tumor size.ConclusionThe complex relationship between vitamin D and KC requires further investigation. This study provides insight into modulation of local and systemic vitamin D status with dietary supplementation.
Effects of repeated abobotulinumtoxinA injections in upper limb spasticity
Authors: Gracies Jean‐Michel , O'Dell Michael , Vecchio Michele , Hedera Peter , Kocer Serdar , Rudzinska‐Bar Monika , Rubin Bruce , Timerbaeva Sofiya L. , Lusakowska Anna , Boyer François Constant , Grandoulier Anne‐Sophie , Vilain Claire , Picaut Philippe ,   for the International AbobotulinumtoxinA Adult Upper Limb Spasticity Study Group
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The efficacy of single injections of abobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport) is established in adults with upper limb spasticity. In this study we assessed the effects of repeated injections of abobotulinumtoxinA over 1 year. Methods: Patients (n = 258, safety population) received 500 U, 1,000 U, or 1,500 U (1,500‐U dose included 500‐U shoulder injections) for up to 4 or 5 treatment cycles. Assessments included treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs), muscle tone, passive and active range of motion (XV1, XA), angle of catch (XV3), Disability Assessment Scale (DAS) score, Modified Frenchay Scale (MFS) score, and Physician Global Assessment (PGA) score. Results: The incidence of TEAEs decreased across cycles. Muscle tone reduction and XV1 remained stable across cycles, whereas XV3 and XA continued to improve at the finger, wrist, and elbow flexors. DAS and PGA improved across cycles. MFS improved best with 1,500 U. Discussion: A favorable safety profile and continuous improvements in active movements and perceived and active function were associated with repeated abobotulinumtoxinA injections in upper limb muscles. Muscle Nerve 57: 245–254, 2018
The periosteal requirement and temporal dynamics of BMP2‐induced middle phalanx regeneration in the adult mouse
Authors: Dawson Lindsay A. , Yu Ling , Yan Mingquan , Marrero Luis , Schanes Paula P. , Dolan Connor , Pela Maegan , Petersen Britta , Han Manjong , Muneoka Ken 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRegeneration of mammalian limbs is restricted to amputation of the distal digit tip, the terminal phalanx (P3). The adjacent skeletal element, the middle phalanx (P2), has emerged as a model system to investigate regenerative failure and as a site to test approaches aimed at enhancing regeneration. We report that exogenous application of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) stimulates the formation of a transient cartilaginous callus distal to the amputation plane that mediates the regeneration of the amputated P2 bone. BMP2 initiates a significant regeneration response during the periosteal‐derived cartilaginous healing phase of P2 bone repair, yet fails to induce regeneration in the absence of periosteal tissue, or after boney callus formation. We provide evidence that a temporal component exists in the induced regeneration of P2 that we define as the “regeneration window.” In this window, cells are transiently responsive to BMP2 after the amputation injury. Simple re‐injury of the healed P2 stump acts to reinitiate endogenous bone repair, complete with periosteal chondrogenesis, thus reopening the “regeneration window” and thereby recreating a regeneration‐permissive environment that is responsive to exogenous BMP2 treatment.
Synthesis of 2‐Organylchalcogenyl–benzo[b]selenophenes: 1‐(2,2‐Dibromovinyl)‐2‐butylselenanylbenzenes as Precursors to Access Alkynes Susceptible to Cyclization
Authors: Perin Gelson , Roehrs Juliano A. , Hellwig Paola S. , Stach Guilherme , Barcellos Thiago , Lenardão Eder J. , Jacob Raquel G. , Luz Eduardo Q. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA convenient synthesis of 1‐(2‐organylchalcogenylethynyl)‐2‐butylselenanylbenzenes was established taking advantage of the selective reaction of 1‐(2,2‐dibromovinyl)‐2‐butylselenanylbenzenes with thiols or diorganyl diselenides. The new 1‐(2‐chalcogenylethynyl)‐2‐butylselenanylbenzenes were prepared in good yields and used as precursors of 2‐organylchalcogenylbenzo[b]selenophenes via electrophilic cyclization using I2, Br2 or PhSeBr as electrophiles. Different classes of new 3‐substituted‐ (3‐iodo, 3‐bromo, 3‐phenylselenanyl) benzo[b]selenophenes were prepared in good yields. The synthetic application of the obtained products was demonstrated employing the benzo[b]selenophenes in Suzuki and Sonogashira cross‐coupling reactions.
Who is afraid of ISIS? ISIS anxiety and its correlates
Authors: Hoffman Yaakov 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIslamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIS) is a relatively small organization, yet it wields its terror and media campaigns efficiently. Its presence has altered security measures in many western counties. In the current study, I assess anxiety of the ISIS threat and its correlates in a convenience sample of 1,007 adult Israelis (mean age = 29.61, SD = 7.16). Findings show that being female, a lower socioeconomic status, and having elevated post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom levels were all associated with ISIS anxiety. Likewise, exposure to ISIS media, as well as having low resilience, was also correlated with ISIS anxiety. The correlations between ISIS anxiety on the one hand and ISIS media exposure, PTSD symptoms, and resilience on the other hand remained significant even after controlling for general anxiety symptoms. Finally, the PTSD‐ ISIS anxiety relationship was especially pronounced when resources (resilience/optimism) were low. This critical interaction also remained significant after controlling for general anxiety. Theoretical and practical ramifications of ISIS anxiety are discussed. Both resources for addressing current tasks (resilience), as well as those aimed at future outcomes (optimism), may be required for addressing ISIS anxiety, especially when PTSD symptoms are high.
Evaluation of metal release from battery and electronic components in soil using SR‐TXRF and EDXRF
Authors: Rodrigues dos Santos Felipe , de Almeida Eduardo , da Cunha Kemerich Pedro Daniel , Melquiades Fábio Luiz 
Published: June 2017

Potentially toxic elements may be leached contaminating the soil, surface, and ground water due to the improper disposal of batteries and electronic devices. The objective of this study was to evaluate metal release from batteries and electronic components deposited in specific receptacles filled with soil in which acid rain was simulated. The leachate solution and the soil were analyzed by synchrotron radiation total reflection x‐ray fluorescence and benchtop energy dispersive x‐ray fluorescence, respectively. Results indicate that batteries released K, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Pb and electronic component released Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Pb. For batteries' leachate test samples, higher amounts of Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Pb have been released compared with electronic component ones under same the experimental conditions. The Fe, Cu, and Pb concentrations in battery leachate test samples were above their National Environment Council maximum permitted values (MPV) and in the electronic waste leachate ones, only the Pb concentrations was above MPV. For soil sample containing batteries K, Mn and Zn presented higher concentrations, mainly at the 10‐cm topsoil, ranging from 0.16 to 0.50, 0.27 to 8.67, and 0.03 to 1.26, in % (% w/w), respectively. The Zn–C battery soil samples present similar behavior to the alkaline ones. The impact due to the Pb release was higher in the soil test samples with electronic components, in which their concentrations ranged from 51 to 394 mg/kg, above its MPV up to 28‐cm soil layer. The X‐ray fluorescence techniques employed were suitable for water and soil environmental evaluation.
The crystal structure of Ac-AChBP in complex with α-conotoxin LvIA reveals the mechanism of its selectivity towards different nAChR subtypes
Authors: Xu Manyu , Zhu Xiaopeng , Yu Jinfang , Yu Jinpeng , Luo Sulan , Wang Xinquan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe α3* nAChRs, which are considered to be promising drug targets for problems such as pain, addiction, cardiovascular function, cognitive disorders etc., are found throughout the central and peripheral nervous system. The α-conotoxin (α-CTx) LvIA has been identified as the most selective inhibitor of α3β2 nAChRs known to date, and it can distinguish the α3β2 nAChR subtype from the α6/α3β2β3 and α3β4 nAChR subtypes. However, the mechanism of its selectivity towards α3β2, α6/α3β2β3, and α3β4 nAChRs remains elusive. Here we report the co-crystal structure of LvIA in complex with Aplysia californica acetylcholine binding protein (Ac-AChBP) at a resolution of 3.4 Å. Based on the structure of this complex, together with homology modeling based on other nAChR subtypes and binding affinity assays, we conclude that Asp-11 of LvIA plays an important role in the selectivity of LvIA towards α3β2 and α3/α6β2β3 nAChRs by making a salt bridge with Lys-155 of the rat α3 subunit. Asn-9 lies within a hydrophobic pocket that is formed by Met-36, Thr-59, and Phe-119 of the rat β2 subunit in the α3β2 nAChR model, revealing the reason for its more potent selectivity towards the α3β2 nAChR subtype. These results provide molecular insights that can be used to design ligands that selectively target α3β2 nAChRs, with significant implications for the design of new therapeutic α-CTxs.
Person‐centered trajectories of cultural values and behaviors among Chinese American adolescents
Authors: Syed Moin , Juang Linda P. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThis study examined change in acculturation values and behavior among 310 Chinese American adolescents, and how patterns of change were related to key demographic variables and indicators of positive youth development. Dual process group‐based trajectory models of change in U.S. and Chinese values and behaviors indicated a six‐group solution for each. The results showed that acculturation value patterns were not related to gender, nativity, or parent education, but were related to family cohesion, self‐esteem, general and academic self‐efficacy, and GPA. Acculturation behavior patterns were not related to gender but were related to nativity and parent education, and were also related to general self‐efficacy and family cohesion. Taken together, our findings suggest that most trajectories of acculturation are associated with positive outcomes, but there are small groups of adolescents that function very well (those who maintain higher behavioral involvement in both) and some not very well, especially those whose behaviors are becoming more disparate over time.Special Issue: Explaining Positive Adaptation of Immigrant Youth across Cultures.
U-shaped relationship between depression and body mass index in the Korean adults
Authors: Lee J.-H. , Park S.K. , Ryoo J.-H. , Oh C.-M. , Choi J.-M. , McIntyre R.S. , Mansur R.B. , Kim H. , Hales S. , Jung J.Y. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackground:Although a number of studies have examined the relationship between depression and obesity, it is still insufficient to establish the specific pattern of relationship between depression and body mass index (BMI) categories. Thus, this study was aimed to investigate the relationship between depression and BMI categories.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted for a cohort of 159,390 Korean based on Kangbuk Samsung Health Study (KSHS). Study participants were classified into 5 groups by Asian-specific cut-off of BMI (18.5, 23, 25 and 30 kg/m2). The presence of depression was determined by Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scales (CES-D) = 16 and = 25. The adjusted odd ratios (ORs) for depression were evaluated by multiple logistic regression analysis, in which independent variable was 5 categories of BMI and dependent variable was depression. Subgroup analysis was conducted by gender and age.Results:When normal group was set as a reference, the adjusted ORs for depression formed U-shaped pattern of relationship with BMI categories [underweight: 1.31 (1.14–1.50), overweight: 0.94 (0.85–1.04), obese group: 1.01 (0.91–1.12), severe obese group: 1.28 (1.05–1.54)]. This pattern of relationship was more prominent in female and young age group than male and elderly subgroup. BMI level with the lowest likelihood of depression was 18.5 kg/m2 to 25 kg/m2 in women and 23 kg/m2 to 25 kg/m2 in men.Conclusions:There was a U-shaped relationship between depression and BMI categories. This finding suggests that both underweight and severe obesity are associated with the increased risk for depression.
Checking the predictive accuracy of basic symptoms against ultra high-risk criteria and testing of a multivariable prediction model: Evidence from a prospective three-year observational study of persons at clinical high-risk for psychosis
Authors: Hengartner M.P. , Heekeren K. , Dvorsky D. , Walitza S. , Rössler W. , Theodoridou A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackground:The aim of this study was to critically examine the prognostic validity of various clinical high-risk (CHR) criteria alone and in combination with additional clinical characteristics.Methods:A total of 188 CHR positive persons from the region of Zurich, Switzerland (mean age 20.5 years; 60.2% male), meeting ultra high-risk (UHR) and/or basic symptoms (BS) criteria, were followed over three years. The test battery included the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS), verbal IQ and many other screening tools. Conversion to psychosis was defined according to ICD-10 criteria for schizophrenia (F20) or brief psychotic disorder (F23).Results:Altogether n = 24 persons developed manifest psychosis within three years and according to Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, the projected conversion rate was 17.5%. The predictive accuracy of UHR was statistically significant but poor (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.65, P < .05), whereas BS did not predict psychosis beyond mere chance (AUC = 0.52, P = .730). Sensitivity and specificity were 0.83 and 0.47 for UHR, and 0.96 and 0.09 for BS. UHR plus BS achieved an AUC = 0.66, with sensitivity and specificity of 0.75 and 0.56. In comparison, baseline antipsychotic medication yielded a predictive accuracy of AUC = 0.62 (sensitivity = 0.42; specificity = 0.82). A multivariable prediction model comprising continuous measures of positive symptoms and verbal IQ achieved a substantially improved prognostic accuracy (AUC = 0.85; sensitivity = 0.86; specificity = 0.85; positive predictive value = 0.54; negative predictive value = 0.97).Conclusions:We showed that BS have no predictive accuracy beyond chance, while UHR criteria poorly predict conversion to psychosis. Combining BS with UHR criteria did not improve the predictive accuracy of UHR alone. In contrast, dimensional measures of both positive symptoms and verbal IQ showed excellent prognostic validity. A critical re-thinking of binary at-risk criteria is necessary in order to improve the prognosis of psychotic disorders.
Modelling a budgetary impact analysis for funding drug-based smoking cessation therapies for patients with major depressive disorder in Spain
Authors: Rejas-Gutiérrez J. , Bruguera E. , Cedillo S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackground:Smoking is associated with high healthcare resource utilisation and cost to society. Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibit high susceptibility to nicotine dependence. Varenicline, bupropion and nicotine replacement therapy are all indicated for smoking cessation; however funding by the Spanish national health system (SNHS) is limited. We modelled a budgetary impact analysis (BIA) to estimate the impact of the SNHS funding drug-based therapies for smoking cessation in smokers with MDD.Methods:The BIA compared the current unfunded scenario versus a funded scenario (varenicline, bupropion, nicotine replacement therapy combined with medical follow-up and counselling) using the Spanish SNHS and societal perspectives. The BIA design was a hybrid model using a decision tree algorithm (population size: smokers with MDD) and Markov chains (smoking cessation attempts) over a 5-year horizon. Smoking cessation drug efficacy was derived from clinical trials, and smoking cessation costs avoided were taken from an analysis of the Spanish National Health Survey. Results were shown as incremental cost savings. Scenarios and threshold univariate sensitivity analyses tested model robustness.Results:The funded scenario resulted in an increase of 43,478 cessation attempts and 8930 fewer smokers after 5 years compared to the unfunded scenario. The cost of funding was €25.3 million and costs avoided were €26.5 million. There was a cumulative 5-year incremental cost saving of €1.2 million to Spanish society. Results were robust using alternative scenarios.Conclusions:Funding smoking cessation drugs in patients with MDD is of economic benefit to Spain and could produce net savings from the third year of implementation.
Objective features of subjective cognitive decline in a United States national database
Authors: Kielb Stephanie , Rogalski Emily , Weintraub Sandra , Rademaker Alfred 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIntroductionFunctional and cognitive features of subjective cognitive decline (SCD) were identified in a longitudinal database from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center.MethodsCognitively normal older adults with (SCD+) and without (SCD−) self‐reported memory complaints (N = 3915) were compared on (1) baseline Functional Assessment Questionnaire ratings, (2) baseline scores and longitudinal rate of change estimates from nine neuropsychological tests, and (3) final clinical diagnoses.ResultsSCD+ had higher baseline ratings of functional impairment, reduced episodic memory practice effects and poorer performance on neuropsychological tests of psychomotor speed and language, and higher frequencies of mild cognitive impairment and dementia diagnoses at the end of follow‐up compared with the SCD‐group.DiscussionSubtle clinical features of SCD identified in this large cohort are difficult to detect at the individual level. More sensitive tests are needed to identify those with SCD who are vulnerable to cognitive decline and dementia.
Head or brain injuries and Alzheimer's disease: A nested case‐control register study
Authors: Tolppanen Anna‐Maija , Taipale Heidi , Hartikainen Sirpa 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIntroductionMany previous studies have been limited by self‐ or proxy‐reported injury or short follow‐up. We investigated whether head or brain injuries are associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), possible modifying factors and dose‐response relationship.MethodsNested register‐based case‐control study of all community dwellers who received clinically verified AD diagnosis in Finland in 2005 to 2011 (n = 70,719) and one to four matched controls for each case (n of controls = 282,862).ResultsThe magnitude of association between hospital‐treated head and/or brain injuries was strongly dependent on the lag time between exposure and outcome. With a 5‐year lag time, head injury (adjusted odds ratio; 95% confidence interval 1.19; 1.15–1.23) or brain injury (1.23; 1.18–1.29) was associated with higher risk of AD. Dose‐response relationship with number and severity of injuries was observed. Associations were stronger in those with earlier onset of AD.ConclusionsStronger associations with shorter lag times indicate that head and/or brain injuries may also reflect the ongoing AD disease process.