bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zum Stand der Keratoprothesen mit biologischer Haptik – Die Düsseldorf-Offenburger-Erfahrungen mit Osteo-Odonto- und Tibia-Keratoprothese
Authors: Geerling Gerd , Hille Konrad 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungBei schweren Erkrankungen der Augenoberfläche mit limbaler Stammzellinsuffizienz, bei denen eine perforierende Keratoplastik, z. B. bei schwerem Sicca-Syndrom, nicht erfolgreich durchgeführt werden kann, lässt sich bei intakten hinteren Augenabschnitten durch die Implantation einer Keratoprothese (KPro) eine Visusrehabilitation erreichen. Bei einer KPro mit biologischer Haptik wird der Prothesenzylinder entweder über ein autologes Zahn-Knochen-Präparat (Osteo-Odonto-Keratoprothese, OOKPro) oder über den kortikalen Knochen der Tibia des Patienten (Tibia-Keratoprothese, TKPro) fest in der Körperoberfläche integriert. Aufgrund dieser anatomischen Integration kann auch bei Patienten mit einem schweren Sicca-Syndrom und autoimmunologischen Erkrankungen, bei denen andere Prothesendesigns häufig versagen, erfolgreich eine KPro implantiert werden. Wir berichten über die anatomischen Langzeitergebnisse von OOKPros und TKPros in der Literatur und bei unseren eigenen Patienten. Bei einer mittleren Nachbeobachtungszeit von 7,5 Jahren (max. 20,6) bei der OOKPro und 4,5 Jahren (max. 13,3) bei der TKPro bestand eine Retentionsrate von 91 bzw. 86%. Uns ist kein anderes Verfahren zum künstlichen Ersatz einer Hornhaut bekannt, das vergleichbar gute Langzeitergebnisse erreicht wie eine KPro mit biologischer Haptik.
Heterologous expression of the Pleurotus ostreatus MnP3 gene by the laccase gene promoter in Lentinula edodes
Authors: Sato Toshitsugu , Irie Toshikazu , Yoshino Fumihiko 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Lentinula edodes (shiitake), which have a powerful ligninolytic system, is one of the most important edible mushrooms in Asia. In this study, we introduced the manganese peroxidase (MnP, EC 1.11.1.13) gene from Pleurotus ostreatus driven by L. edodes laccase 1 gene promoter into L. edodes for expression. The resulting transformant expressed the recombinant gene and showed a higher level of MnP activity than that of the wild-type strain.
Music, Silence, and the Senses in a Late Fifteenth-Century Book of Hours
Authors: Shephard Tim , Ștefănescu Laura , Sessini Serenella 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAlthough it is common in the musicological literature to compare decorated music books with books of hours, studies addressing the musical features of books of hours are rare. This article considers musical features in the decoration of a book of hours made by leading illuminators in Ferrara ca. 1469. Images appearing in books of hours are considered to have had an exemplary and meditative function in relation to devotional practice; therefore, this study asks what the reader was intended to learn from musical images, drawing conclusions about the alignment of the senses and the significance of music in fifteenth-century religious experience.
Actors, Orators, and the Boundaries of Drama in Elizabethan Universities
Authors: Blank Daniel 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis article discusses the debates over drama that took place in the English universities during the late sixteenth century. It reconsiders the career of the Oxford academic and theologian John Rainolds, whose objections to student performance are usually conflated with attacks upon professional drama. This article argues instead that his opposition arose largely from two related institutional concerns: the equation of drama with rhetorical exercises and the increasing use of spectacle in university plays. The controversy over theatrical performance is thus cast in a new light as an inquiry into the place and purpose of drama within university culture.
Additionality and Forest Conservation Regulation for Residential Development
Authors: Newburn David A. , Ferris Jeffrey S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe analyze the potential effects that a unique forest conservation regulation has on residential development, and assess the additionality in forest cover due to this regulation. We combine panel data on forest cover change from satellite imagery and parcel‐level modeling on residential development, including residential subdivisions occurring before and after the regulation is adopted. Our results suggest that after adoption, there was a 21% increase in forest cover within subdivisions relative to the amount without the regulation. The heterogeneous effects of this regulation suggest that on average, forest cover increased for parcels with lower levels of existing forest cover. However, parcels with the highest levels of forest cover continue to have significant decreases in forest cover, despite the regulation, thereby resulting in fragmentation in regions with the most intact forest cover.
A spectral algorithm for fast de novo layout of uncorrected long nanopore reads
Authors: Recanati Antoine , Brüls Thomas , d’Aspremont Alexandre 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Motivation
New long read sequencers promise to transform sequencing and genome assembly by producing reads tens of kilobases long. However, their high error rate significantly complicates assembly and requires expensive correction steps to layout the reads using standard assembly engines.

Results
We present an original and efficient spectral algorithm to layout the uncorrected nanopore reads, and its seamless integration into a straightforward overlap/layout/consensus (OLC) assembly scheme. The method is shown to assemble Oxford Nanopore reads from several bacterial genomes into good quality (∼99% identity to the reference) genome-sized contigs, while yielding more fragmented assemblies from the eukaryotic microbe Sacharomyces cerevisiae.

Availability and implementation
https://github.com/antrec/spectrassembler.

Supplementary Information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Qi Zhou: the coming of age in China's stem-cell research and regenerative medicine
Authors: Qiu Jane 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Between 2011 and 2015, China invested about 3 billion yuan (US$435 million) on stem-cell research and regenerative medicine. This has led to major scientific breakthroughs, solidifying the country's role as a global leader in this field. Last September, China launched another major programm called Stem Cells and Transfer Research — with a similar budget over five years but focusing more on clinical applications. Many see this as a golden opportunity to catalyse significant medical advances, providing relief for patients with conditions such as Parkinson's Disease and macular degeneration. NSR recently talked to Qi Zhou, a leading stem-cell researcher at CAS’s Institute of Zoology in Beijing, about recent research progress, China's challenges and opportunities, how the government is trying to tighten the regulation and why we must move forward cautiously when applying new technologies, such as gene editing and mitochondria replacement therapy, in a clinical setting.
Efficacy of Postoperative Analgesia of Local Ketamine Wound Instillation Following Total Thyroidectomy
Authors: Abd EL-Rahman Ahmad M. , El Sherif Fatma A. 
Published: June 2017

Background:
Total thyroidectomy is recommended as a line of management of thyroid cancer in many cases. Our aim was to compare postoperative analgesic effect of local ketamine 1 mg/kg instilled in the wound to that of intramuscular (IM) ketamine and placebo after total thyroidectomy.

Methods:
A total of 90 patients aged 18 to 60 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I to II, with a body weight of 50 to 90 kg, scheduled for total thyroidectomy were enrolled after ethics committee approval in this prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled study and divided randomly into 3 groups to receive treatment after hemostasis. Group (I) received 1 mg/kg ketamine in a total volume of 10 mL normal saline instilled in the wound. Group (II) received 1 mg/kg of IM ketamine. Group (III) received 10 mL of normal saline instilled in the wound. Total amount of morphine consumption, first request of analgesia, and side effects were recorded. Visual analog scale at rest and movement and hemodynamics were assessed immediately, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively.

Results:
Total morphine consumption was reduced and first request of analgesia was delayed in group I compared with that in groups II and III, and in group II compared with that in group III (P=0.000). Visual analog scale at rest and movement were decreased immediately postoperatively in groups I and II in comparison with their values in group III; group II had higher sedation scores.

Conclusions:
Local wound ketamine instillation provided superior postoperative analgesia with lower incidence of side effects in comparison with IM ketamine and placebo following total thyroidectomy.
Opioid-sparing Effects of SoluMatrix Indomethacin in a Phase 3 Study in Patients With Acute Postoperative Pain
Authors: Gharibo Christopher G. , Argoff Charles , Markenson Joseph A. , Webster Lynn R. , Nezzer Jennifer , Solorio Daniel , Lauterio Melanie , Young Clarence 
Published: June 2017

Objectives:
To report the opioid-sparing effects of SoluMatrix indomethacin, developed using SoluMatrix Fine Particle Technology, in a phase 3 study in patients with acute pain following bunionectomy.

Methods:
This phase 3, placebo-controlled study randomized 462 patients with moderate-to-severe pain following bunionectomy surgery to receive SoluMatrix indomethacin 40 mg 3 times daily, SoluMatrix indomethacin 40 mg twice daily, SoluMatrix indomethacin 20 mg 3 times daily, celecoxib 400-mg loading dose followed by 200 mg twice daily, or placebo. Patients were permitted to receive opioid-containing rescue medication throughout the study. The proportion of patients who used rescue medication and the amount of rescue medication used on the first (0 to 24 h) and second (>24 to 48 h) days following initial dose of study medication, as well as time to first rescue medication use, were assessed.

Results:
Significantly fewer patients who received SoluMatrix indomethacin 40 or 20 mg 3 times daily used opioid-containing rescue medication on day 1 compared with those receiving placebo (P≤0.034), and fewer patients in all active treatment groups used rescue medication during the second day compared with those in the placebo group (P<0.001). All active treatment groups used significantly fewer rescue medication tablets on days 1 and 2 following randomization compared with placebo (P<0.001). The most common adverse events were nausea, postprocedural edema, and headache.

Discussion:
SoluMatrix indomethacin was associated with opioid-sparing effects in patients with acute postoperative pain.
Comparison of Intra-articular Thoracic Facet Joint Steroid Injection and Thoracic Medial Branch Block for the Management of Thoracic Facet Joint Pain
Authors: Lee Dong Gyu , Ahn Sang Ho , Cho Yun Woo , Do Kyung Hee , Kwak Sang Gyu , Chang Min Cheol 
Published: June 2017

Study Design.
A prospective observational study.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to show the effect of intra-articular (IA) thoracic facet joint (TFJ) steroid injection for the management of TFJ pain, and to compare it with the effect of therapeutic thoracic medial branch block (MBB) with a local anesthetic and steroid.

Summary of Background Data.
Several studies have shown the effects of thoracic MBB with local anesthetics with or without steroids and radiofrequency neurotomy in managing TFJ pain, but thus far, the effectiveness of IA TFJ steroid injection has not been studied.

Methods.
Forty patients with TFJ pain were recruited and randomly assigned to one of two groups, the IA steroid injection and the MBB group, each with 20 patients. For IA TFJ steroid injection and therapeutic MBB, we injected 0.5 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine, mixed with 10 mg (0.25 mL) of dexamethasone. We assessed the severity of TFJ pain using a numeric rating scale (NRS) before treatment and at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment.

Results.
Compared to the pretreatment NRS scores, the NRS scores at 1, 3, and 6 months after each treatment showed a significant decrease in patients in both the groups. Intergroup changes in the NRS scores were not significantly different over time. Six months after the treatment, 65% of the patients in the IA steroid injection group reported successful pain relief (pain relief ≥50%), and 40% of the patients in the MBB group showed successful pain relief.

Conclusion.
In the present study, both IA TFJ steroid injection and therapeutic MBB significantly relieved TFJ pain. Their effects persisted for at least 6 months after the procedure. Thus, we think that both IA TFJ steroid injection and therapeutic thoracic MBB are useful treatment options for managing TFJ pain.

Level of Evidence: 2
Induced De Novo Astigmatism After Hyperopic LASIK Versus Myopic LASIK Surgery in Nonastigmatic Eyes
Authors: Karmona Lily , Mimouni Michael , Vainer Igor , Sela Tzahi , Munzer Gur , Kaiserman Igor 
Published: June 2017

Purpose:
To compare the astigmatism induced surgically (SIA) by spherical hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis (H-LASIK) versus myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (M-LASIK) in nonastigmatic eyes.

Methods:
A retrospective study of patients who underwent LASIK surgery between 2005 and 2014 at the Care-Vision Laser Center, Israel. We calculated the mean absolute SIA and performed risk factor analysis for induced astigmatism. Differences between H-LASIK and M-LASIK were analyzed.

Results:
Eyes of 3877 patients who underwent M-LASIK and of 549 patients who underwent H-LASIK were nonastigmatic preoperatively and received a nonastigmatic treatment. Three months after surgery, hyperopic treatment induced more SIA (0.49 ± 0.48 D) than did myopic treatment (0.36 ± 0.4 D) (P < 0.001). In the H-LASIK group, the risk factors for induced astigmatism of >0.5 D were a higher preoperative refractive error (P = 0.003) and larger optical zone (7 vs. 6 mm). In the M-LASIK group, eyes with SIA >0.5 D tended to have steeper corneas preoperatively (43.8 ± 1.5 vs. 43.6 ± 1.4 D; P = 0.001), a higher spherical equivalent (−3.43 ± 1.53 Vs. −3.07 ± 1.45 P < 0.001), and smaller treatment zones (6 vs. 7 mm). In H-LASIK, the mean induced astigmatic axis was at 74.6 degrees.

Conclusions:
There was a consistent trend toward more SIA in H-LASIK and in higher refractive error correction. In H-LASIK larger optical zones induce more SIA and in M-LASIK smaller ones caused it.
Changes in Neutrophil Count After Antipsychotic Prescription Among a Retrospective Cohort of Patients With Benign Neutropenia
Authors: Campion Paul , Campion Gabriel , Anbarasan Deepti 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Background
There is a paucity of literature regarding the effect of antipsychotics on absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of patients with benign neutropenia (BN). We evaluated the change in ANC after atypical antipsychotic prescription (excluding clozapine) in a retrospective cohort of 22 patients with BN.

Methods/Procedures
Records of all patients with BN who were prescribed antipsychotics and who had ANC measured before and during antipsychotic treatment were obtained from Bronx VA Medical Center between 2005 and 2015 (inclusive). Twenty-two patients met criteria for inclusion. Individual and group mean ANC were calculated before treatment and during treatment. A paired, two-tailed t test was performed on the group ANC means.

Results
The group mean pretreatment ANC was 1.24 ± 0.220 K/cmm, and the mean ANC during the time of antipsychotic prescription increased to 1.40 ± 0.230 K/cmm, with a P value of 0.0045, t value of 3.18, degrees of freedom equal to 21, and 95% confidence interval of 1.30 to 1.49 K/cmm.

Conclusions
There was a statistically significant increase in ANC among our cohort during the time of antipsychotic prescription. All BN patients who were prescribed antipsychotics maintained a stable neutrophil count, with none of the 22 patients with BN in this study developing agranulocytosis during treatment. Although this study is limited by a low patient count as well as other demographic factors, these findings provide initial evidence regarding the safety of prescribing atypical antipsychotics to BN patients. Further studies are needed to replicate these findings and assess for effects of individual medications.
Delirium Upon Presentation to the Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Augenstein Julie A. , Klein Eileen J. , Traube Chani 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The following cases describe children who presented to the emergency department (ED) with a constellation of symptoms consistent with delirium. In each case, there was no identified inciting cause (eg, fever, medications) other than the presence of influenza. All children had variable workups, with 2 children undergoing extensive neurologic evaluation and testing. Clinical recognition of delirium in the pediatric acute care setting can be challenging, but heightened awareness by ED and primary care physicians may lead to earlier diagnosis, prevent unwarranted investigations, and decrease hospitalization. Children with influenza may be at increased risk of developing delirium. A prospective study to assess the prevalence of delirium in pediatric patients presenting to the ED with influenza is warranted.
Risk Factors Associated With Emergency Department Return Visits Following Trauma System Discharge
Authors: Ruttan Timothy , Lawson Karla A. , Piper Karen , Wilkinson Matthew 
Published: June 2017

Objectives
Little evidence exists in the pediatric trauma literature regarding what factors are associated with re-presentation to the hospital for patients discharged from the emergency department (ED).

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of trauma system activations at a pediatric trauma center from June 30, 2007, through June 30, 2013, who were subsequently discharged from the ED or after a brief inpatient stay. Returns within 30 days were reviewed. χ2, Student t test, and univariate logistical regression were used to compare predictive factors for those returning and not.

Results
One thousand eight hundred sixty-three patient encounters were included in the cohort. Seventy-two patients (3.9%) had at least 1 return visit that was related to the original trauma activation. Age, sex, language, race/ethnicity, ED length of stay, arrival mode, level of trauma activation, and transfer from an outside hospital did not vary significantly between the groups. Patients with public insurance were almost 2 times more likely to return compared with those with private insurance (odds ratio, 1.92; 95% confidence interval, 1.11–3.35). Income by zip code was associated with the risk of a return visit, with patients in neighborhoods at less than the 50th percentile income twice as likely to return to the ED (odds ratio, 2.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.30–3.54).

Conclusions
Patients with public insurance and those from low-income neighborhoods were significantly more likely to return to the ED after trauma system activation. These data can be used to target interventions to decrease returns in high-risk trauma patients.
Local disease–ecosystem–livelihood dynamics: reflections from comparative case studies in Africa
Authors: Leach Melissa , Bett Bernard , Said M. , Bukachi Salome , Sang Rosemary , Anderson Neil , Machila Noreen , Kuleszo Joanna , Schaten Kathryn , Dzingirai Vupenyu , Mangwanya Lindiwe , Ntiamoa-Baidu Yaa , Lawson Elaine , Amponsah-Mensah Kofi , Moses Lina M. , Wilkinson Annie , Grant Donald S. , Koninga James 
Published: June 2017

This article explores the implications for human health of local interactions between disease, ecosystems and livelihoods. Five interdisciplinary case studies addressed zoonotic diseases in African settings: Rift Valley fever (RVF) in Kenya, human African trypanosomiasis in Zambia and Zimbabwe, Lassa fever in Sierra Leone and henipaviruses in Ghana. Each explored how ecological changes and human–ecosystem interactions affect pathogen dynamics and hence the likelihood of zoonotic spillover and transmission, and how socially differentiated peoples’ interactions with ecosystems and animals affect their exposure to disease. Cross-case analysis highlights how these dynamics vary by ecosystem type, across a range from humid forest to semi-arid savannah; the significance of interacting temporal and spatial scales; and the importance of mosaic and patch dynamics. Ecosystem interactions and services central to different people's livelihoods and well-being include pastoralism and agro-pastoralism, commercial and subsistence crop farming, hunting, collecting food, fuelwood and medicines, and cultural practices. There are synergies, but also tensions and trade-offs, between ecosystem changes that benefit livelihoods and affect disease. Understanding these can inform ‘One Health’ approaches towards managing ecosystems in ways that reduce disease risks and burdens.This article is part of the themed issue ‘One Health for a changing world: zoonoses, ecosystems and human well-being’.
Integrative modelling for One Health: pattern, process and participation
Authors: Scoones I. , Jones K. , Lo Iacono G. , Redding D. W. , Wilkinson A. , Wood J. L. N. 
Published: June 2017

This paper argues for an integrative modelling approach for understanding zoonoses disease dynamics, combining process, pattern and participatory models. Each type of modelling provides important insights, but all are limited. Combining these in a ‘3P’ approach offers the opportunity for a productive conversation between modelling efforts, contributing to a ‘One Health’ agenda. The aim is not to come up with a composite model, but seek synergies between perspectives, encouraging cross-disciplinary interactions. We illustrate our argument with cases from Africa, and in particular from our work on Ebola virus and Lassa fever virus. Combining process-based compartmental models with macroecological data offers a spatial perspective on potential disease impacts. However, without insights from the ground, the ‘black box’ of transmission dynamics, so crucial to model assumptions, may not be fully understood. We show how participatory modelling and ethnographic research of Ebola and Lassa fever can reveal social roles, unsafe practices, mobility and movement and temporal changes in livelihoods. Together with longer-term dynamics of change in societies and ecologies, all can be important in explaining disease transmission, and provide important complementary insights to other modelling efforts. An integrative modelling approach therefore can offer help to improve disease control efforts and public health responses.This article is part of the themed issue ‘One Health for a changing world: zoonoses, ecosystems and human well-being’.