bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beneficial microbial signals from alternative feed ingredients: a way to improve sustainability of broiler production?
Authors: Van Immerseel Filip , Eeckhaut Venessa , Moore Robert J. , Choct Mingan , Ducatelle Richard 
Published: August 2017

SummaryMore sustainable broiler meat production can be facilitated by the increased use of cheap by‐products and local crops as feed ingredients, while not affecting animal performance and intestinal health, or even improving intestinal health, so that antibiotic usage is further reduced. To achieve this, knowledge of the relationship between the taxonomic and functional microbiota composition and intestinal health is required. In addition, the relationship between the novel feed sources, the substrates present in these feed sources, and the breakdown by enzymes and microbial networks can be crucial, because this can form the basis for development of tailored feed‐type specific solutions for optimal digestion and animal performance.
Chronic ethanol consumption: role of TLR3/TRIF‐dependent signaling
Authors: McCarthy Gizelle M. , Warden Anna S. , Bridges Courtney R. , Blednov Yuri A. , Harris R. Adron 
Published: August 2017

AbstractChronic ethanol consumption stimulates neuroimmune signaling in the brain, and Toll‐like receptor (TLR) activation plays a key role in ethanol‐induced inflammation. However, it is unknown which of the TLR signaling pathways, the myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) dependent or the TIR‐domain‐containing adapter‐inducing interferon‐β (TRIF) dependent, is activated in response to chronic ethanol. We used voluntary (every‐other‐day) chronic ethanol consumption in adult C57BL/6J mice and measured expression of TLRs and their signaling molecules immediately following consumption and 24 hours after removing alcohol. We focused on the prefrontal cortex where neuroimmune changes are the most robust and also investigated the nucleus accumbens and amygdala. Tlr mRNA and components of the TRIF‐dependent pathway (mRNA and protein) were increased in the prefrontal cortex 24 hours after ethanol and Cxcl10 expression increased 0 hour after ethanol. Expression of Tlr3 and TRIF‐related components increased in the nucleus accumbens, but slightly decreased in the amygdala. In addition, we demonstrate that the IKKε/TBK1 inhibitor Amlexanox decreases immune activation of TRIF‐dependent pathway in the brain and reduces ethanol consumption, suggesting the TRIF‐dependent pathway regulates drinking. Our results support the importance of TLR3 and the TRIF‐dependent pathway in ethanol‐induced neuroimmune signaling and suggest that this pathway could be a target in the treatment of alcohol use disorders.
Young alcohol binge drinkers have elevated blood endotoxin, peripheral inflammation and low cortisol levels: neuropsychological correlations in women
Authors: Orio Laura , Antón María , Rodríguez‐Rojo Inmaculada Concepción , Correas Ángeles , García‐Bueno Borja , Corral Monserrat , de Fonseca Fernando Rodríguez , García‐Moreno Luis Miguel , Maestú Fernando , Cadaveira Fernando 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAlcohol binge drinking is a pattern of heavy alcohol consumption that is increasingly practiced by adolescents and young adults. Evidence indicates that alcohol binges induce peripheral inflammation and an exacerbated neuroimmune response that may participate in alcohol‐induced cognitive/behavioral dysfunctions. Here, we recruited 20‐year‐old male and female university students who were identified as binge drinkers for at least 2 years. Compared with controls, young alcohol binge drinkers had elevated levels of blood endotoxin and upregulated markers of the toll‐like receptor 4/NF‐κB inflammatory pathway in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, together with pro‐inflammatory cytokine/chemokine release, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. These changes positively correlate with the estimated blood alcohol levels achieved during alcohol binge intoxication and negatively correlate with the time elapsed from the last alcohol consumption. The immune/inflammatory changes were more prominent in female drinkers, who showed elevated levels of alcohol danger‐associated molecules, such as high mobility group box 1, indicating that there are sex‐related differences in the peripheral inflammatory response to alcohol. In contrast, cortisol levels were decreased in alcohol binge drinkers. Finally, higher levels of inflammatory markers, mainly monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1, as well as LPS, high mobility group box 1, toll‐like receptor 4, IL‐6 and ciclooxygenase‐2, correlated with worse scores on episodic memory and executive functioning tasks in female binge drinkers but not in male binge drinkers. These results emphasize possible risky consequences of alcohol use in binge episodes during young adulthood and call attention to sex‐related differences in the alcohol‐induced immune/inflammatory and neurocognitive responses.
“Our Tarkine, Our Future”: The Australian Workers Union Use of Narratives Around Place and Community in West and North West Tasmania, Australia
Authors: Barton Ruth 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe Australian Workers Union (AWU) represents the miners on the West Coast of Tasmania. When the future of mining on much of the West Coast was threatened by the environmentalists' proposed National Heritage listing of the Tarkine region, the union campaigned to prevent the listing. Through its embeddedness in place, the AWU was able to use a sense of place, memory and identity to construct a community campaign that moved beyond the West Coast into the North West Coast where many of the miners lived. The union was able to renew its narrative resources by moving work out of the workplace and into the Tarkine. In this way the AWU was able to mobilise community support and shift political power to the local where workers could regain control over their lives and the place where they lived and worked.
Effects of moist‐ and dry‐heat cooking on the meat quality, microstructure and sensory characteristics of native chicken meat
Authors: Chumngoen Wanwisa , Chen Chih‐Feng , Tan Fa‐Jui 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of moist‐ (water‐cooking; WC) and dry‐heat (oven‐cooking; OC) on the quality, microstructure and sensory characteristics of native chicken breast meat. The results revealed that OC meat had a significantly higher cooking time, cooking loss, and shear force values and lower L* values. Protein solubility decreased after cooking in both cooking methods; however, no statistical difference was observed between WC and OC meats, whereas collagen solubility and myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI) increased after cooking and WC meat exhibited higher collagen solubility and MFI (P < 0.05). The fiber diameter and sarcomere length decreased substantially after cooking, and fibril shrinkage was noticeable in OC meat (P < 0.05). Descriptive sensory analysis revealed that WC meat exhibited a significantly higher moisture release and lower initial hardness, chewdown hardness and residual loose particles. A darker color and enhanced chickeny flavor were observed for OC meat. Based on the unique sensory and physicochemical characteristics in demand, producers should employ appropriate cooking methods to optimize native chicken meat quality.
Sensory characteristics of youth at clinical high risk for psychosis
Authors: Parham L. Diane , Roush Sean , Downing Donna T. , Michael Paul G. , McFarlane William R. 
Published: August 2017

AimTo identify and compare the sensory characteristics of young people at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis to those of peers at clinical low risk (CLR), and to national normative data. CHR and CLR participants were recruited from 6 US regions.MethodA descriptive cohort design was used to analyse baseline data collected as part of the Early Detection and Intervention for the Prevention of Psychosis Program (EDIPPP). Raw scores on the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP) were analysed for 205 young people with CHR and 87 with CLR in 2 age groups: 12 to 17 years (N = 203) and 18 to 25 years (N = 89). ANOVA procedures were used to determine whether differences in AASP scores existed across CLR, CHR, and normative groups by age group.ResultsCHR participants differed significantly from the normative group for all 4 AASP quadrant scores (Low Registration, Sensory Seeking, Sensory Sensitivity and Sensory Avoiding) in both age groups. CLR participants were similar to norms, except for Sensory Seeking scores that were significantly lower than norms in both age ranges.ConclusionYoung people with CHR demonstrate active avoidance, heightened sensitivity, reduced seeking, and reduced registration of sensations in everyday life compared to typical peers. This pattern of differences may be a valuable marker for identifying individuals who are at high risk for developing a psychotic illness, and may also inform interventions designed to prevent or minimize the illness process and accompanying dysfunction.
Higher education in the sustainable development goals framework
Authors: Owens Taya Louise 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAgenda 2030 for sustainable development focuses attention on lifelong learning opportunities for all. The new targets expand on their predecessors, the Millennial Development Goals, by both widening and deepening the scope of system‐wide quality education systems. Whilst the Millennial Development Goals focused attention on universal primary attainment, the Sustainable Development Goals introduce tertiary education into the global development agenda. Higher education was an important consideration in the 2000 Dakar framework, but it was not included as a target. Instead, it appeared indirectly as a supportive pathway to other goals such as youth skills or quality teacher. Now, higher education plays a key role as a means to achieving Goal 4 on education: inclusive, equitable and quality education for all. This article evaluates the introduction of higher education into the development agenda and the introduction of the SDGs into the parallel but fragmented multilateral and university agendas. It concludes by specifying two factors that are essential if higher education is to play a revitalised role in the sustainable development framework: publicly‐funded research and regional higher education partnerships.
Pedotransfer functions for converting laser diffraction particle‐size data to conventional values
Authors: Makó A. , Tóth G. , Weynants M. , Rajkai K. , Hermann T. , Tóth B. 
Published: August 2017

The objective of this study was to develop pedotransfer functions (PTFs) for converting soil particle‐size distribution (PSD) data from the laser diffraction method (LDM) to the classical sieve–pipette method (SPM) for use on a wide range of temperate soil types. Four hundred soil samples, representative of European soil types and climate zones, were selected from the LUCAS (Land Use/Land Cover Area Frame Survey) topsoil database and their PSDs were determined with LDM and SPM. The LDM measurements were made on samples with (i) their organic matter (OM) removed and (ii) their OM content present. The ranges of PSD obtained with the two pretreatment methods enabled clay–silt and silt–sand boundaries from LDM (6.6 and 60.3 µm for soil with OM, respectively, and 5.8 and 69.2 µm for soil without OM, respectively) to be optimized. Optimization of the boundaries of the fractions considerably improved the prediction performance of SPM PSD from LDM PSD. Specific PTFs with different input requirements were developed for continental scale applications in Europe to convert data from LDM to SPM. The predictions of SPM clay, silt and sand contents were the most accurate with PTFs that used PSD from LDM and soil chemical properties (R2 0.83, 0.81, 0.94; RMSE 6.14, 7.91 and 6.58%, respectively). For the most accurate results no pretreatment for OM removal was required, but data on chemical properties were necessary. If no soil chemical data are available, the most accurate PTFs need input data of LDM PSD that originate from samples on which the OM content was removed prior to the PSD analysis.Highlights
PTFs are developed to harmonize PSD data between laser diffraction (LDM) and sieve–pipette (SPM) methods.
PTFs are derived from a representative dataset from Europe for application at the continental scale.
Clay–silt and silt–sand boundaries for LDM without removing OM are at 6.6 and 60.3 µm, respectively.
Clay–silt and silt–sand boundaries for LDM with OM removed are at 5.8 and 69.2 µm, respectively.
Assessing physician knowledge regarding indications for a primary prevention implantable defibrillator and potential barriers for referral
Authors: Bernier Rochelle , Raj Satish R. , Tran Dat , Reyes Lucy , Sauve Michel , Sumner Glen L. , Exner Derek V. , Sandhu Roopinder K. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundAlthough there is clear evidence to demonstrate that primary prevention implantable defibrillators (ICDs) reduce mortality in high‐risk patients, ICDs are underutilized. Limited data exist assessing referring physicians’ knowledge about guideline indications and attitudes towards ICDs, which may influence decision for referral.Methods and resultsThe Arrhythmia Working Group from the Alberta Cardiovascular and Stroke Strategic Clinical Network developed a web‐based survey consisting of case scenarios regarding primary prevention ICD indications and a list of barriers for referral to aid in the design of a complex device care pathway. We invited referring physicians to participate in the survey including internists and cardiologists and cardiology residents. The survey was completed by 109 of 799 (response rate = 14%) of physicians. Of those, 55% were internists, 32% cardiologists, and 13% cardiology residents. The majority of physicians were male (62%), practicing in a university hospital (66%). Overall, complete guideline‐concordant answers were provided by 34% of physicians. In multivariable analysis, predictors of complete guideline concordance were being a cardiologist (odd ratio [OR] 5.9, confidence interval [CI] 2.1–16.4, P = 0.001) and cardiology resident (OR 6.7, CI 1.7–27.3, P = 0.007). The most common barrier for referral for internists was lack of confidence in knowledge of guideline recommendations; while cardiologists reported concerns about cost‐effectiveness and cardiology residents were most concerned with inappropriate shocks.ConclusionKnowledge regarding indications for primary prevention ICD is limited and varies significantly among referring physicians. The barriers for referral differ among physician groups and addressing these identified barriers may help to improve appropriate ICD utilization.
Differences in National Identity, Violence and Conflict in International Sport Tournaments: Hic Sunt Leones!
Authors: Caruso Raul , Di Domizio Marco , Savage David A. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThis work examines the relationship between national identity and conflict during international sporting tournaments and the impact of referees as an institutional countermeasure. The empirical analysis covers the FIFA World, Confederations and Under 20's World Cups and Olympic tournaments from 1994 to 2014, resulting in 1152 individual matches. We use the issuing of cards (red and yellow) and the number of sanctions (fouls) as a conflict proxy, plus macro‐level national identity markers to determine between team variations. Our results indicate that national identity is robustly significant in the prediction of conflict, whereas the match‐specific variables seem to be of less importance. Additionally, we observe that referees are a highly successful control of on‐field aggression.
Role of poor urethral sphincter relaxation in men with voiding dysfunction refractory to α‐blocker therapy: Clinical characteristics and predictive factors
Authors: Shao I‐Hung , Kuo Hann‐Chorng 
Published: August 2017

ObjectivesThis study evaluates the diagnostic value of poorly relaxed external sphincter (PRES) in men with voiding dysfunction. We analyzed clinical and video‐urodynamic characteristics to identify predictive factors of PRES in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) refractory to α‐1 adrenoceptor blocker (α‐blocker) therapy.MethodsThis retrospective study included 3379 men with LUTS in whom the initial 1‐month α‐blocker therapy failed. Clinical parameters and video‐urodynamic results were analyzed. Patients with bladder outlet disorders including bladder neck obstruction (BNO), benign prostatic obstruction (BPO), urethral stricture (US), or PRES were categorized according to video‐urodynamic findings. Predictive factors for PRES were analyzed.ResultsA total of 3379 men were included in this study. Among the patients with voiding dysfunction, 905 (43.6%) had BPO, 624 (30.0%) had BNO, 487 (23.4%) had PRES, and 62 (3.0%) had US. Patients with PRES were younger and had a higher maximum flow rate, larger bladder capacity, smaller total prostate volume (TPV) and transition zone index, and a lower rate of LUTS of urgency or urge urinary incontinence (UUI) than other groups. On multivariate analysis, only small TPV and lower urgency/UUI rate were predictive factors of PRES. A scale composed of voided volume, TPV, and urgency/UUI predicted PRES with high specificity.ConclusionsPRES was the etiology of voiding dysfunction in 23.4% of the men with LUTS refractory to α‐blocker therapy. A simple scale composed of voiding volume, TPV, and urgency/UUI was useful in predicting the presence of PRES before video‐urodynamic studies.
Low‐birthweight infants born to short‐stature mothers are at additional risk of stunting and poor growth velocity: Evidence from secondary data analyses
Authors: Sinha Bireshwar , Taneja Sunita , Chowdhury Ranadip , Mazumder Sarmila , Rongsen‐Chandola Temsunaro , Upadhyay Ravi Prakash , Martines Jose , Bhandari Nita , Bhan Maharaj Kishan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractLow‐birthweight (LBW) infants are at an increased risk of stunting and poor linear growth. The risk might be additionally higher in these infants when born to short mothers. However, this hypothesis has been less explored. The objective of this secondary data analysis was to determine the risk of linear growth faltering and difference in linear growth velocity in LBW infants born to short mothers (<150 cm) compared to those born to mothers with height ≥150 cm during the first year of life. This analysis uses data from a community‐based randomized controlled trial of 2,052 hospital‐born term infants with birthweight ≤2,500g from urban low–middle socioeconomic neighbourhoods in Delhi, India. Data on maternal height and infant birth length were available from 1,858 (90.5%) of the infants. Infant anthropometry outcomes were measured at birth, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of age. We found that infants born to short mothers had around twofold higher odds of stunting and lower attained length‐for‐age Z scores compared to infants of mothers with height ≥150 cm, at all ages of assessment. Linear growth velocity was significantly lower in infants of short mothers particularly in the first 6 months of life. We conclude that LBW infants born to short mothers are at a higher risk of stunting and have slower postnatal growth velocity resulting in lower attained length‐for‐age Z scores in infancy. Evidence‐based strategies need to be tested to optimize growth velocity in LBW infants especially those born to short mothers.
Gastroschisis in Europe – A Case‐malformed‐Control Study of Medication and Maternal Illness during Pregnancy as Risk Factors
Authors: Given Joanne E. , Loane Maria , Garne Ester , Nelen Vera , Barisic Ingeborg , Randrianaivo Hanitra , Khoshnood Babak , Wiesel Awi , Rissmann Anke , Lynch Catherine , Neville Amanda J. , Pierini Anna , Bakker Marian , Klungsoyr Kari , Latos Bielenska Anna , Cavero‐Carbonell Clara , Addor Marie‐Claude , Zymak‐Zakutnya Natalya , Tucker David , Dolk Helen 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundGastroschisis, a congenital anomaly of the abdomen, is associated with young maternal age and has increased in prevalence in many countries. Maternal illness and medication exposure are among environmental risk factors implicated in its aetiology.MethodsA population‐based case‐malformed control study was conducted using data from 18 European congenital anomaly registries, with information on first trimester medication use, covering 8 million births 1995–2012. 1577 gastroschisis cases (of which 4% stillbirths, 11% terminations of pregnancy) were compared to 153 357 non‐chromosomal/monogenic controls. Literature review identified previous associations concerning maternal illness and medication exposure to be tested as signals. Logistic regression adjusted for maternal age group, registry, and time period was used to evaluate associations.ResultsComparing gastroschisis to other congenital anomalies, the data supported signals concerning maternal depression (aOR 2.52, 95% CI 1.45, 4.39), antidepressant use (aOR 2.03, 95% CI 1.22, 3.38), postnatal depression/psychosis following a previous pregnancy (aOR 8.32, 95% CI 2.56, 27.01), sexually transmitted infections (aOR 2.85, 95% CI 1.13, 7.24), topical antivirals (aOR 5.31, 95% CI 1.63, 17.33), and continuation of oral contraceptives in early pregnancy (aOR 2.17, 95% CI 1.13, 4.18). Exploratory analyses suggested associations with a wider range of maternal infections and medications, including tonsillitis and the expectorant bromhexine.ConclusionsWhile it is difficult to disentangle the effects of the medication and underlying indication, our results add to the evidence base on preventable risk factors for gastroschisis. These risk factors may contribute to the higher risk among young mothers, and geographical and temporal variation in prevalence.
The Challenge of Amoralism
Authors: Milevski Voin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAccording to unconditional motivational internalism, there is an a priori constraint on an agent's forming a sincere moral judgement, namely that she is, at least to some minimal extent, motivated to act as it dictates. In order to undermine this internalist position, proponents of motivational externalism typically appeal to the possibility of the amoralist—i.e. an individual who makes sincere moral judgements, but who is completely unmoved to act accordingly. This strategy is known as the challenge of amoralism. Against this strategy, I will argue that in order to represent a genuine case of amoralism, and a credible counterexample to unconditional motivational internalism, an agent would have to simultaneously satisfy an epistemically inconsistent set of conditions. Thus, the conclusion I will attempt to defend in this paper is that the challenge of amoralism does not succeed in posing a legitimate threat to unconditional motivational internalism.