bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Russian–Ukrainian war: The possibilities of ensuring accountability
Authors: Varga Réka 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe outbreak of the Russian–Ukrainian war fundamentally shook the international legal order. Consequently, possibilities of holding the aggressor state and potential perpetrators of international crimes accountable became a central topic. Options for establishing state responsibility for violating international law are limited. Possible individual criminal prosecution mechanisms are available at both national and international levels. At the national level, several jurisdictional bases can be found for prosecuting the most serious international crimes.In addition to the procedures at the national level, the International Criminal Court has jurisdiction at the international level in terms of holding persons accountable; however, this also faces challenges. In connection with the current conflict, the International Criminal Court cannot conduct proceedings in relation to all categories of crimes, so the international community seeks to rely on alternative mechanisms that support prosecution efforts. Furthermore, there is an increasing political demand for the creation of new mechanisms which, however, for the time being, are based on shaky international legal grounds.
The protection of nuclear installations in time of armed conflict – Old rules, new challenges
Authors: Kecskés Gábor 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn 2022, for the first time in some while, the public around the world was confronted with an armed conflict between states, which directly involved a nuclear facility, specifically a nuclear power plant in operation. Unfortunately, the situation following Russia's armed attack on Ukraine on 24 February 2022 and the acts of war around the Zaporizhzhya nuclear power plant once again draw attention to the need to protect nuclear facilities during armed conflicts. Therefore, this paper reviews the relevant rules of public international law and scrutinizes the norms that have been established through international legislation and soft law mechanisms to protect and guarantee the nuclear safety and security of nuclear installations.
Kinematics of the 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake Doublet: Biased Near-Fault Data and Shallow Slip Deficit
Authors: Wang Kai , Xu Xiaohua , Hu Yan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Accurate estimate of the shallow slip deficit (SSD) for large strike-slip events is highly dependent on near-fault data. Previous studies have estimated the SSD of the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake doublet, which may vary from a few percent to about 50%. Whether this reduced shallow slip is real or artificial is crucial for understanding the seismic hazards during and following the earthquake doublet. In this study, we inverted for the kinematic slip of this earthquake doublet with refined near-fault Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar observations and compared the results with the source model without further data processing. The model that excludes nonphysical data produced only ∼6% and ∼22% SSD for the M7.8 and 7.6 events, respectively, compared to ∼44% and ∼53% SSD of the model using original data. The increased data gap generally leads to overestimated SSD, but when the data coverage is almost complete, our result shows that the SSD is very sensitive to biased near-fault data which may induce significant artificial SSD. Our results suggest that overestimated SSD may be accompanied by slip migration from shallow toward deeper depths, to meet the total moment or energy release constrained by surface displacement data. The M7.8 event increased static Coulomb stress at where the second M7.6 event nucleated and thus may have triggered the following event.
Rupture Model of the 5 April 2024 Tewksbury, New Jersey, Earthquake Based on Regional Lg-Wave Data
Authors: Han Sangwoo , Kim Won-Young , Park Jun Yong , Seo Min-Seong , Kim YoungHee 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
On 5 April 2024, an earthquake of magnitude 4.8 occurred in Tewksbury, New Jersey. It was the largest instrumentally recorded event since 1900 in New Jersey and southern New York. Millions of people around New York City, ∼65 km east-northeast of Tewksbury, felt the shaking from the mainshock, but the epicentral area experienced no known significant property damages. We determine the focal mechanism, which is oblique faulting, and retrieve the Lg-wave relative source time functions (RSTFs) from the stations at regional distances to understand rupture processes and ground motions. Our fault-slip models well explain azimuthal variations of the RSTFs. The models show the rupture propagating toward the east-northeast (∼50° to 60°), not along the fault strike. The slip distribution on the nodal plane striking north and dipping to the east shows a slip area of 1.1 km radius with the rupture propagating down-dip. The down-dip rupture may account for the observed lack of strong shaking in the epicentral area.
Veterinary Evidence: moving forward
Authors: Cockcroft Peter 
Published: September 2024

Unrecognised and unknown information needs can significantly impact on the quality of decision making, advice, and patient care. In the practice of veterinary medicine, additional information may be required in one or more of epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, control (risk reduction), and prevention (risk avoidance), in order to optimise patient care.
Veterinary Evidence publishes Knowledge Summaries, which aim to answer a specific and focused clinical query by appraising the best available evidence published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. By presenting the evidence in a structured and easily digestible format, Knowledge Summaries enable veterinary professionals to stay informed and apply the best available evidence to their decision-making.
To assist in the identification of unrecognised deficits and the generation of clinical queries Veterinary Evidence has developed a list of common conditions for each species, alongside the different categories of information. The aim is to prompt and support the generation of new clinical queries in a more systematic format. This resource sits alongside our species-based lists of clinical queries that have already been suggested by practicing veterinarians, veterinary nurses, and other paraprofessionals (see veterinaryevidence.org/index.php/ve/clinical-queries). We hope readers and prospective authors will use these resources to generate new clinical queries or as a starting point for writing their own Knowledge Summaries.
Most of the papers published in Veterinary Evidence are Knowledge Summaries, but the journal has always accepted and will continue to accept and encourage other types of reviews and original research that provide evidence to inform clinical practice. For example, in this issue we have published a commentary paper by Professor Jonathan Elliott regarding the processes and evidence required for the registration of veterinary medicinal products which provides some important insights and debate into the publication of evidential information (Elliott, 2024).
A Knowledge Summary may not always be the best format to synthesise and summarise evidence on a multifaceted topic; scoping reviews, systematic reviews, or narrative reviews maybe more appropriate. Munn et al. (2018) provide a useful account of scoping reviews and how they differ from traditional literature and systematic reviews. In particular, we are keen to receive articles on artificial intelligence applications, sustainability, and quality improvement in clinical practice, as the impact and importance of these topics grows.
We are also making some changes to the presentation of Knowledge Summaries in Veterinary Evidence, to help readers more easily understand the details and context of the summarised evidence. In order to support everyone in appraising and understanding quantitative clinical studies, we will be publishing a glossary and guidance on basic statistical terms and tests on the journal website.
REMOCIÓN DE CONTAMINANTES DE AGUAS RESIDUALES COMUNITARIAS MEDIANTE HUMEDALES DE TRATAMIENTO: EFECTO DE LA VEGETACIÓN Y POSICIONAMIENTO DE SEMBRADO PARA CONDICIONES DE DISEÑO
Authors: Marín-Muñiz J.L1* , López-Alba E. , Sandoval Herazo L. , Zamora S. 
Published: September 2024

La escasez de agua de calidad es una situación común a nivel mundial, esto derivado de la falta de plantas de tratamiento, que por sus altos costos no se replican. Lo anterior, se agudiza en zonas rurales donde es necesaria la implementación de sistemas sustentables para solventarlo. Este estudio evaluó el uso de humedales de tratamiento para limpiar las aguas residuales comunitarias de Pastorías, Actopan, Veracruz., utilizando a su vez plantas ornamentales y evaluando su función en la remoción de contaminantes y su importancia de ubicación de sembrado dentro del humedal. Evaluamos celdas de 4m de largo y 0.80m de ancho., rellenas de piedra porosa y residuos rugosos PET. 2 celdas sembradas con monocultivo de Canna hyrids, 2 con Typha sp., 2 con Spathiphyllum wallisii. También se dejaron 2 celdas sin plantas como controles. Se midió crecimiento de plantas de acuerdo al posicionamiento de sembrado y remoción de contaminantes en forma de DQO, NT y PT. Los resultados mostraron que sin importar la especie de plantas, las remociones para los 3 parámetros en las celdas con vegetación oscilaron entre 70-90%, mientras que en los controles las remociones fueron entre 40-70%. Sin embargo, el crecimiento de plantas se vio afectado por la posición, al menos para Spathiphyllum w. y Canna Hybrids. Typha creció de manera similar en los 4m del sistema, indicando su alta capacidad de adaptación a condiciones de humedales y aguas negras. Lo anterior revela la utilidad de plantas en humedales de tratamiento y como estas deben sembrarse para mejorar la eliminación de contaminantes.
Correlation Between MTB/RIF Gene Xpert Cycle Threshold Values and Clinical Radiological Severity of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Rachmi Merrina  , Yanti Budi , Yunita Arliny  
Published: September 2024

The determination of bacterial load was essential for assessing disease severity, transmission rate, and prognosis. Gene Xpert is a diagnostic test that provides Cycle Threshold (Ct) value as a potential measure of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (Mtb) load. Despite its potential, there are limited reports exploring the relationship between Ct value and clinicoradiological severity. This study aimed to correlate Ct value and clinicoradiological severity of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The study was a retrospective design using medical record data of confirmed TB patients from January to December 2022. These patients were identified based on Gene Xpert test and classified as high, moderate, or low detection Mtb when Ct value was <16, 16-22, and 22-28, respectively. In assessing the severity of clinical using the Bandim score, thoracic TB lesions was categorized by Chest XRay into minimal, moderate, and advanced. The total of 90 TB patients and the majority were males (78.9%) aged 46-65 years (59.0%), with comorbidities (95.0%). The most of the participants had mild clinical severity (44.4%), with Ct value of 16-22 (52.2%), and moderate lesions (35.6%). The most common lesions were fibroinfiltrates on the chest X-ray (61.1%). The Ct value of <16 had a significant correlation with clinical severity of TB (p<0.05) but no significant association with advanced lesions (p>0.05). Based on the results, Ct value had a strong correlation with clinical severity in pulmonary TB. In addition, it could be used as a predictor for managing pulmonary TB patients and an important indicator for control programs.
Psychosocial factors affecting the adherence of chronic kidney disease patients to undergo a hemodialysis program: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Rondhianto Rondhianto , Murtaqib Murtaqib , Yonda Nila Nabila 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: This study aims to analyze the effect of psychosocial factors on hemodialysis program adherence.
Methods: The study was cross-sectional, with a sample size of 90 respondents, obtained through simple random sampling. The study’s dependent variable was hemodialysis program adherence and the independent variables were knowledge, motivation, coping, depression, perceived family support and health worker support. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression.
Results: Most respondents adhered to the hemodialysis program (90%). The level of knowledge, motivation, coping, family support, and health worker support was in the good category (93.3%; 100%; 91.1%; 90%; 88.9%, respectively), and did not experience depression (90%). The independent variables (knowledge, motivation, coping, family support, health worker support) simultaneously significantly affected the dependent variable, namely adherence to the hemodialysis program by 94.5% (R2 = 0.945; F = 236.613; p = 0.001). Partially, the factors of knowledge, motivation, coping, family support, health workers support, and depression also had a significant effect on hemodialysis program adherence (t = 2.234, t = 5.344, t = 3.473, t = -4.190, t = 6.457, t = 4.887, t = 4.190, respectively; p = 0.001).
Conclusions: The study results showed that psychosocial factors (knowledge, motivation, coping, family support, health worker support, and depression) simultaneously or partially influenced the adherence of CKD patients to undergo a hemodialysis program, with the most dominant factor affecting adherence to hemodialysis as perceived family support.
Keywords: Adherence, Hemodialysis, Psychosocial
Repair of mandrels of a continuous mill through the use of adapters
Authors: Zhuravleva E. V. , Lazko O. M. , Shashkov A. N. , Manyakin A. B. 
Published: September 2024

The article describes the repair of mandrels used on a continuous type PQF mill by using adapters made from billets. The starting materials are the tailstocks that have been taken out of service.The process of repairing the mandrels allows the mandrel to be used in further work until the final regrinding to the last size range of the mandrel diameter.The technological process of repair begins with turning the surface of the mandrel to the required size, grinding the surface, the process of cutting off the rear part of the mandrel, including the threaded connection. After the tailstock part has been cut off, the tailstock section is replaced with a transition piece manufactured in‑house. The adapter is a part with a fine tapered thread on one side, which is intended for connection to the mandrel, and with an internal thread on the other side, which serves to connect the rear part of the mandrel to the tailstock.The provided technology will reduce the cost of purchasing new replacement tools by increasing the life cycle of the mandrel, and will reduce the number of mandrels that have become unusable by restoring the tailstock part.
Multiphase Tectonic Processes in the Mesozoic and Formation of Early Regional Geomorphic Pattern in the Qilian Orogenic Belt, Northeastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Feng Changhuan , Zheng Wenjun , Zhang Yipeng , Shen Xiaoming , Wang Weitao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Conventional orogenic settings are largely confined to plate boundaries and their immediate vicinity. However, there is growing recognition that deformation of the continental lithosphere may extend for considerable distances away from active plate boundaries. The Mesozoic Qilian orogenic belt occupies a key position in East Asia and thus is important to consider when interpreting intracontinental deformation there. To determine when and how the North Qilian orogenic belt developed, multiple sets of samples collected from the Dahuang Mountain of the North Qilian orogenic belt were analyzed for apatite (U-Th)/He and zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronology. The results show that the study area experienced multiphase tectonic exhumation events that took place in the Early-Middle Triassic (250–235 Ma), Middle-Late Jurassic (170–150 Ma), and Early Cretaceous (130–110 Ma). This study reveals that the generation deformation and stress distribution in the Dahuang Mountain fold-fault system have the characteristics of temporal–spatial migration from N to S. Results indicate widespread, continuous exhumation and deposition in the Qilian Mountain due to multiplate interaction since the Mesozoic, persisting till at least late Miocene. Multiphase intracontinental deformation is driven by stresses at plate boundaries, with lithosphere serving as stress pathway.
Solar cooking intensive experiences in south of Iberian Peninsula and its importance in research planning
Authors: Ruivo Celestino , Macías-Fuentes Francisco Javier 
Published: September 2024

The Southern part of the Iberian Peninsula has a great solar energy potential available for domestic and industrial scale applications. Despite this potential, solar cooking has not been widely adopted. Both authors are employed by universities, one as a teacher in the University of Algarve (Portugal) and other as a laboratory technician in the University of Huelva (Spain). They are each passionate about incorporating solar cooking in their daily lives. They both solar cookers frequently, and have advocated their use in their respective countries for many years. They consider themselves “well contaminated with the solar cooking virus”. They entered the solar cooking world by making and using several types of solar cookers, most of which were low cost devices made from recycled materials, later working on some commercialized units. This extensive experience of solar cookers and on solar cooking has enabled them to develop and optimise different types of solar cookers, and test different cooking vessels. By contrast, some published authors appear to have had little day to day experience of using solar cookers. Thus, the main goal of this study is to list some important aspects of the practical use and performance of solar cookers that the research community should investigate
LOW-TEMPERATURE CALORIMETRIC CHARACTERIZATION OF DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENTS WITH ADDED WATER
Authors: Molina-García Antonio Diego , Schneider-Teixeira Aline , Martínez-Bartolome Miguel Ángel , De Ancos Begoña 
Published: September 2024

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are combinations of hydrogen bonds donors and acceptors, characterized by significantly lower freezing temperatures than their components. NADES (with natural, biologically compatible components) are becoming popular for a wide applications variety, for their wide solvent capacities, non-toxicity, biodegradability, and inexpensive components. Applications include new means for bioactive compounds extraction and enzymatic reactions, polymer solubilizing and a variety of physicochemical processes, including those taking place at low temperature. Four DES (β-alanine and DL-malic or citric acid (plus water) and choline chloride and ethylene glycol or glycerol) were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at low temperature. Pure DES behave completely reversibly, proof of physicochemical stability. Alanine-DES present glass transitions between -40 and -80°C. Meanwhile, choline-DES show no thermal events between 0° and -80°C.
Increasing water produce glass transitions in all DES at decreasing temperatures, and devitrifications and freezing events. Choline-DES show no effects up to 20% water. However, alanine-DES show strong water effects, possibly phase separation into different water populations. Calcium alginate-sucrose beads were used as structural model for diffusion systems. Beads were incubated in DES (20 min/20 hours) and their low-temperature properties characterized. Short incubation periods were enough to radically alter their thermal behavior.
Metabolomics analysis of serum biomarkers and metabolic pathways in addictive disorders: focus on internet gaming disorder and alcohol use disorder
Authors: Choi Jung-Seok , Jang Joon Hwan , Lee Soo Hyun , Park Hyun-Mee , Ji Mi-Jung , Choi Bogyoung , Yoo So Young , Lee Ji Eun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Metabolomics technologies provide a means to uncover metabolic disturbances and the associated signaling pathways in addictive disorders such as alcohol use disorder (AUD) and internet gaming disorder (IGD). While it is anticipated that common or distinctive metabolic pathways may be implicated in AUD and IGD groups, there have been few studies of comparative metabolomic analysis for these two addictive disorders. In the current study, we investigated the metabolomic profiles of serum samples obtained from ninety-nine young adults aged 18–35 years, comprising individuals with AUD (n = 30), IGD (n = 34), and healthy controls (HCs, n = 35) using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q TOF-MS). From the metabolomic analysis of the serum samples, 26 metabolites exhibited statistically significant changes (p-value < 0.05, > 1.5-fold change) between individuals with AUD or IGD and HCs. Among these metabolites, six, including N-acetyltryptophan, L-formylkynurenine, and 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid, exhibited increased or decreased levels in both the AUD and IGD groups compared to HCs. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that the tyrosine metabolism pathway was specific to both the AUD and IGD groups, whereas sphingolipid metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis were activated in the AUD group compared to individuals with IGD and HCs. While the current study is the first attempt to conduct comparative metabolomic analyses of the substance and non-substance-related addictions, the findings will broaden the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying addictive behaviors and offer important biomarkers for diagnosing and devising therapeutic strategies for these addictive disorders.
Whether Limbal Graft is Necessary for Treating Recurrent Pterygia with Intraoperative Mitomycin C: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial on Limbal-Conjunctival versus Conjunctival Autograft
Authors: Zhou Shi-you , Peng Wen-yan , zhang jinyu , Yu Kang , Zhou Tao , Pi Jia-kai 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate whether the supplementation of corneal limbus in conjunctival grafting is necessary for treating recurrent pterygium or not when combined with intraoperative mitomycin C application.
Methods A prospective randomized controlled trial of one hundred and thirty-two participants with recurrent pterygium undergoing limbal conjunctival autograft (LCAG) comparing conjunctival autograft (CAG) after pterygia removal and intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C (MMC) for 5 minutes (n=66 eyes in each group). The patients were then followed up for 12 months. The main outcome was grade 4 recurrence rate of pterygium and postoperative complications.
Results A 12-month follow-up was conducted on 126 patients, including 63 eyes in the LCAG group and 63 eyes in the CAG group. After surgery, grade 4 recurrence of pterygium was observed in 6 eyes in the LCAG (9.52%) group and 3 eyes in the CAG (4.76%) group (χ2=1.077; P=0.299). There was no significant correlation between the recurrence and surgical methods, patient age or gender, number of previous excisions, size of pterygia or autograft, or degree of pterygial vascularization. Furthermore, localized pannus formation at the donor site of limbal graft was observed in 19 eyes (30.16%) in the LCAG group. No signs of scleral or corneal melting, or limbal stem cell deficiency were noted during follow-up in any of the eyes.
Conclusions An additional supplement of corneal limbus is not necessary in conjunctival grafting for treating recurrent pterygia.
Trial registration number NCT04463901.