bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conservation of hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) requires complementary resources at the landscape and local scales
Authors: Moquet Laura , Laurent Estelle , Bacchetta Rossana , Jacquemart Anne‐Laure 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAccumulating evidence shows that landscape fragmentation drives the observed worldwide decline in populations of pollinators, particularly in species of Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera. However, Little is known about the effects of landscape fragmentation on hoverfly (Diptera, Syrphidae) communities. Hoverflies provide varied ecosystem services: larvae contribute to waste decomposition (saprophagous species) and pest control (aphidophagous species), and adults pollinate a wide range of flowers.To determine how the diversity and quantity of resources for larvae and adults affect hoverfly abundance and species richness at three spatial scales, we recorded insect visitors of five target plant species in Belgian heathlands, habitats that have decreased considerably due to human activities.Hoverflies represented the most abundant visitors on two plant species, and the second most abundant visitors (after bumblebees) on the other target plant species. A large proportion of hoverflies observed were aphidophagous species associated with coniferous and deciduous forests. Resources for the larvae and floral resources for the adults influenced interactions among hoverflies and plants, but acted at different scales: larval habitat availability (distance to larval habitat) was relevant at the landscape scale, whereas adult resource availability (floral density) was relevant at the plot scale.Hoverfly abundance and species richness decreased with distance to larval habitat but increased with floral density. Moreover, landscape structure and composition had different effects according to hoverfly ecological traits. Landscape composition influenced aphidophagous but not saprophagous hoverflies, in that their abundance and species richness decreased with distance to forests. Maintenance of the interactions between plants and their hoverfly visitors requires complementary resources at both landscape and local scales.
Outcomes of the conventional and biological treatment approaches for the management of caries in the primary dentition
Authors: BaniHani Alaa , Duggal Monty , Toumba Jack , Deery Chris 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundIn the last few years, conventional restorations including complete removal of carious tissue (CT) with or without pulp therapy for the treatment of carious lesions (CL) in primary teeth have been challenged and a more biological approach has been suggested. This approach involves the use of less invasive techniques which alter the environment of the CL isolating it from the cariogenic biofilm and substrate. Two of these treatment approaches that are becoming increasingly widely accepted and used in paediatric dentistry are the Hall Technique and indirect pulp capping (IPC).AimTo investigate the outcome of the conventional versus the biological approaches for the treatment of deep CL in the primary teeth in children, delivered in a specialist paediatric dentistry training environment.DesignThis was a retrospective cohort study of 246 children aged 4–9 years, treated with either approach, conventional and biological, in two UK specialist hospital settings. Data were extracted from clinical dental records and post‐operative radiographs of patients treated during the period 2006–2012. The outcome of the treatment in this study was categorised into three main categories: clinical, radiographic, and final outcome. Clinical and final outcomes were further described as success, minor, and major failure.ResultsIn total, 836 primary teeth were included. In the conventional approach, 324 teeth had complete CT removal and 104 teeth had a pulpotomy. In the biological approach, 388 teeth had Hall Technique preformed metal crowns (PMC) placed and 20 teeth received indirect pulp capping. PMC were the restoration of choice for most of the cases where a pulpotomy had been carried out, and resin composite was most frequently used restorative material for the complete CT removal group. The majority of the primary teeth treated with either approach remained asymptomatic after a follow‐up period of up to 77 months, 95.3% in the conventional and 95.8% in the biological. No significant association was found between the final outcome and the approach used for treatment, age of the patient, gender and number of carious surfaces or tooth type.ConclusionBoth the conventional and biological treatment approaches had similar final outcomes and were equally successful for management of CL in the primary dentition.
Knowledge translation interventions to sustain direct care provider behaviour change in long‐term care: A process evaluation
Authors: Slaughter Susan E. , Bampton Erin , Erin Daniel F. , Ickert Carla , Wagg Adrian S. , Allyson Jones C. , Schalm Corinne , Estabrooks Carole A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesProcess evaluation can be used to understand the factors influencing the impact of knowledge translation (KT) interventions. The aim of this mixed methods process evaluation was to evaluate the processes and perceived outcomes of eight KT interventions that were used with healthcare aides (HCAs) to introduce a mobility innovation into their daily care practices. The study examined the perceived effectiveness of various KT interventions in sustaining daily performance of the sit‐to‐stand mobility innovation by HCAs with residents in long‐term care.MethodIn‐person interviews were conducted with four leaders across three long‐term care facilities. Seven focus groups with 27 HCAs were conducted across the three facilities. All participants were asked to rank the eight interventions involved in the trial according to their perceived effectiveness and, for the leaders, their perceived ease of implementation. Focus group and interview questions asked participants to discuss the relative merits of each KT intervention. Two research assistants coded all of the transcripts independently using content analysis.ResultsBoth HCAs and their leaders perceived reminders, followed by discussion groups, to be the most effective KT interventions to sustain practice change. Healthcare aide champions were deemed least effective by both leaders and HCAs. Leaders identified both the focus group discussion and audit and feedback posters in the study as the most difficult to implement. Participants valued interventions that were strategically visible, helped to clarify misconceptions about the new care innovation, supported teamwork, and made visible the resident benefits of the care innovation. Logistical issues, such as staff scheduling and workload, influenced the perceived feasibility of the various KT interventions.ConclusionsUnderstanding how care staff in long‐term care settings perceive KT interventions can inform the choice of future use of these interventions to move research evidence into practice.
Vaginectomy and vaginoplasty for isolated vaginal recurrence 8 years after cervical cancer radical hysterectomy: A case report and literature review
Authors: Lin Yanying , Zhou Jingyi , Dai Lin , Cheng Yuan , Wang Jianliu 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA subgroup of early‐stage cervical cancer patients suffer from vaginal cuff recurrence following a primary surgery; however, recurrence after a disease‐free interval of 5 years is rare. Treatments for isolated vaginal relapse remain controversial. Here we report a case of a 50‐year‐old woman with isolated vaginal cuff recurrence 8 years after primary radical surgery for cervical cancer. We conducted a vaginectomy and vaginoplasty using a type of tissue‐engineered biomaterial graft. Three chemotherapy cycles of paclitaxel and cisplatin were administered after surgery. The patient has no evidence of disease to date (18 months after surgery) and had regained a satisfactory sexual life by 8 months postoperatively. To our knowledge, this case represents the first report regarding the use of vaginoplasty with biomaterial graft following vaginectomy for late isolated vaginal recurrence of cervical cancer in a patient who had undergone a primary radical hysterectomy.
Basal‐bolus insulin therapy reduces maternal triglycerides in gestational diabetes without modifying cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity
Authors: Olmos Pablo R. , Borzone Gisella R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimMacrosomia in the offspring of overweight/obese mothers with glucose‐controlled gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is due to excessive rise of maternal triglycerides (TG). We aimed to ascertain whether basal‐bolus insulin therapy (BBIT), or other components of the treatment, could reduce TG in GDM.MethodsWe studied the records of 131 singleton pregnancies with GDM, using stepwise multiple linear regression, Mann–Whitney, χ2, and Jonckheere–Terpstra tests. As maternal TG increased steadily during normal pregnancy, these were transformed as z‐scores. The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was calculated as a measure of cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity.ResultsMultiple regression showed that only BBIT (but neither limitation of weight gain nor metformin) reduced maternal TG z‐scores (P = 0.011). When the 131 pregnancies were split into two groups – without BBIT (n = 58; HbA1c = 5.3 ± 0.3%) and with BBIT (n = 73; HbA1c = 5.4 ± 0.6; P = 0.2005) – we observed that BBIT (n = 73) reduced maternal TG z‐scores in a dose‐related fashion (Jonckheere–Terpstra P = 0.03817). The atherogenic index of plasma remained within normal range in both groups.ConclusionBBIT (but not weight gain control nor metformin) reduced maternal TG in mothers with glucose‐controlled GDM. This beneficial effect of BBIT was not related to changes in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity.
Divergent Pathways to Assimilation? Local Marriage Markets and Intermarriage Among U.S. Hispanics
Authors: Qian Zhenchao , Lichter Daniel T. , Tumin Dmitry 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe growing diversity of the U.S. population raises questions about integration among America's fastest growing minority population—Hispanics. The canonical view is that intermarriage with the native‐born White population represents a pathway to assimilation that varies over geographic space in response to uneven marital opportunities. Using data on past‐year marriage from the 2009–2014 American Community Survey, the authors demonstrate high rates of intermarriage among Hispanics. The analyses identify whether Hispanics marry coethnics, non‐co‐ethnic Hispanics, non‐Hispanic Whites, non‐Hispanic Blacks, or other minorities. The authors highlight variation by race, nativity, and socioeconomic status and reveal that Hispanics living in new immigrant destinations are more likely to intermarry than those living in traditional Hispanic gateways. Indeed, the higher out‐marriage in new destinations disappears when the demographic context of reception is taken into account. The analysis underscores that patterns of marital assimilation among Hispanics are neither monolithic nor expressed uniformly across geographic space.
Predicting Innovation Success in the Motion Picture Industry: The Influence of Multiple Quality Signals
Authors: Bharadwaj Neeraj , Noble Charles H. , Tower Annette , Smith Leah M. , Dong Yuexiao 
Published: July 2017

In settings characterized by frequent product entries and rapid market exit, predicting innovation success is a difficult task. The challenge in such short life‐cycle markets is exacerbated when the offering is an experience good (i.e., product quality is not known prior to consumption). This article investigates a variety of information disequilibrium‐reducing cues that can signal a new product's quality, and posit that those cues affect knowledge of and attitude toward (i.e., customers' mindset) the item, and in turn, demand. The work draws on signaling theory in an experience good context (motion pictures) to set up a nomological net that includes three sources of quality cues as predictors of consumer demand, namely: (i) traditional prelaunch decisions (e.g., production budget, advertising budget, and sequel), (ii) volume and valence of movie critics' reviews, and (iii) text contained in the movie critics' reviews. Based on a stratified, random sample of movie introductions (n = 115), the results show that the prelaunch (structured numeric) variables alone explain a meaningful proportion of the variance in domestic box office sales. The postlaunch (structured numeric) variables, volume and valence of critics' reviews, add more explanatory power, and analyzing over two million words from the (unstructured) text of critics' reviews adds further explanatory power. This research answers a recent call to model the variety of structured and unstructured variables to predict innovation success in data‐rich environments, and thereby represents the pioneering study to combine all three sources of quality cues—(i) prelaunch, structured variables; (ii) postlaunch, structured variables; and (iii) postlaunch, unstructured variables derived from text reviews—as determinants of demand. The approach taken also substantiates film as innovation and as an interesting case of new product development. For managers in a short life‐cycle, experience good settings, the results support the inclusion of a broader “variety” of quality signals to improve forecasting in today's data‐rich environments.Practitioner PointsThe results here highlight the importance of considering both marketing decisions and expert reviews in forecasting approaches for new product launches. Exploring a nuanced approach to analyzing expert reviews seems to be particularly promising in predicting product successes and failures.This research also helps us develop a deeper understanding of the nature of critics' reviews. Beyond just “thumbs up/thumbs down” sort of recommendations, we identify specific words that are influential in making an impression on consumers and, ultimately, driving product success or failure.This work also emphasizes the challenges of predicting success in markets for short life‐cycle experience goods such as films. In these markets, expert reviews likely carry even more weight since consumers have great difficulty in assessing the product in advance.
Bovine colostrum enriched with lyophilized bovine colostrum stimulates intestinal epithelium renewal of Holstein calves in the first days of life
Authors: Kindlein L. , Moretti D. B. , Pauletti P. , Bagaldo A. R. , Rodrigues A. P. O. , Machado‐Neto R. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryConsumption of a second meal of colostrum with high quality could contribute to the intestinal epithelium development, especially if there is poor supply of colostrum just after birth. The effect of a second colostrum meal was evaluated on histomorphometry of the intestinal mucosa of newborn Holstein calves fed with high‐ and low‐quality first colostrum. Seventy‐two calves were fed with a first colostrum meal with high (HFM, close to 100 mg/ml) or low (LFM, close to 30 mg/ml) IgG concentration. At 12 hr of life, three treatments of second colostrum feeding were applied to the calves either fed high or low first colostrum: calves fed with low (LOW—close to 30 mg/ml) or high (HIGH—close to 100 mg/ml) IgG concentration; and colostrum enriched with lyophilized bovine colostrum with high IgG concentration (ENRICHED—higher than 120 mg/ml), resulting in six groups. Intestinal samples were collected after 24 and 72 hr of life. In the distal jejunum and ileum, LOW showed higher villus height than ENRICHED (p < .05). In the distal jejunum, greater villus perimeter was observed in the LOW compared to ENRICHED at 24 hr (p < .05). In ileum, LFM showed higher villus perimeter compared to HFM (p < .05). LOW showed the highest villus height‐to‐crypt depth ratio in the medium and distal jejunum and ileum, p < .05. ENRICHED and HFM showed decreased muscle layer thickness in the proximal and distal jejunum respectively (p < .05). The results reveal that the high concentration of total solids, crude protein, IgG and IGF‐I of colostrum with high quality worsened the absorptive area, but may have stimulated the activity of cell division in intestinal crypts. Considering the present results, bovine colostrum enriched with lyophilized bovine colostrum stimulates intestinal epithelium renewal of Holstein calves in the first days of life.
Host range and distribution of small mammal fleas in South Africa, with a focus on species of medical and veterinary importance
Authors: VAN DER MESCHT L. , MATTHEE S. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe host range and distribution of flea species on rodents and insectivores across multiple vegetation types in South Africa were investigated. Habitat suitability for flea species considered as important vectors of disease in humans and domestic animals was modelled. Data originated from fleas that were recovered from small mammals captured at 29 localities during 2009–2013 and published literature searched for flea records. Climate‐based predictor variables, widely used in arthropod vector distribution, were selected and habitat suitability modelled for 10 flea vector species. A total of 2469 flea individuals representing 33 species and subspecies were collected from 1185 small mammals. Ten of each of the flea and rodent species are plague vectors and reservoirs, respectively. Multiple novel flea–host associations and locality records were noted. Three vector species were recorded from insectivores. Geographic distributions of flea species ranged from broad, across‐biome distributions to narrower distributions within one or two biomes. Habitat suitability models performed excellently for the majority of flea vectors and identified regions of summer and all‐year rainfall as representing suitable habitats for most vector species. Current knowledge of vector and disease ecology can benefit from similar sampling approaches that will be important not only for South Africa, but also for the sub‐region.
The CYCLOIDEA–RADIALIS module regulates petal shape and pigmentation, leading to bilateral corolla symmetry in Torenia fournieri (Linderniaceae)
Authors: Su Shihao , Xiao Wei , Guo Wuxiu , Yao Xinran , Xiao Junqing , Ye Ziqing , Wang Na , Jiao Keyuan , Lei Mengqi , Peng Qincheng , Hu Xiaohe , Huang Xia , Luo Da 
Published: July 2017

Summary

The diverse pigmentation patterns of flower corollas probably result from pollinator‐mediated selection. Previous studies demonstrated that R2R3‐MYB factors may have been recruited in the regulation of corolla pigmentation. However, how R2R3‐MYBs became so diverse in their regulation of different pigmentation patterns remains unclear.

Here, we studied a Lamiales species, Torenia fournieri, which has elaborate zygomorphic flowers with dorsal–ventral asymmetries in corolla pigmentation. We found recent gene duplication events in CYCLOIDEA‐like (CYC‐like) and RADIALIS‐like (RAD‐like) genes, and functionally analyzed three dorsal‐specific expression factors: TfCYC1, TfCYC2, and TfRAD1.

We found that the CYC–RAD module coordinates petal shape and corolla pigmentation, as ectopic expression of TfCYC2 or TfRAD1 disrupted the asymmetric corolla pigmentation pattern and produced strongly dorsalized flowers. Dorsal petal identity was lost when TfCYC2 was down‐regulated or when TfRAD1 was knocked out. In T. fournieri, the diversified CYC and RAD genes have evolved regulatory loops, and TfCYC2 binds directly to the regulatory regions of an R2R3‐MYB factor gene, TfMYB1, which might lead to its asymmetric expression and ultimately establish the asymmetric pigmentation pattern.

These findings support the existence of a regulatory module that integrates dorsal–ventral patterning and asymmetric corolla pigmentation in T. fournieri.
The relationship between anxiety and quality of life in children with hereditary angioedema
Authors: Kessel Aharon , Farkas Henriette , Kivity Shmuel , Veszeli Nóra , Kőhalmi Kinga V. , Engel‐Yeger Batya 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe severe life‐threatening characteristics of hereditary angioedema (HAE) with C1‐inhibitor deficiency (C1‐INH‐HAE) can affect anxiety levels among pediatric patients. This emotional burden together with the physical restrictions of C1‐INH‐HAE may decrease children's health‐related quality of life (HRQoL).Objectives(i) To compare anxiety state and trait between children with C1‐INH‐HAE and healthy controls; (ii) to examine the relationship between the level of anxiety of children with C1‐INH‐HAE, their disease activity/affected sites and their HRQoL; and (iii) to predict the HRQoL of children with C1‐INH‐HAE based on their anxiety level and disease activity/affected sitesMethodsThirty‐three children with C1‐INH‐HAE (aged 5‐18 years) and 52 healthy controls were recruited from Israel and Hungary. All children completed the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (Peds‐QL) demographic questionnaire and a disease activity and site questionnaire . Disease activity was defined as the number of attacks in last year.ResultsBoth anxiety state and trait were significantly higher among children with C1‐INH‐HAE as compared to the controls (44.74±10.56 vs 38.76±10.67, P<.01, 29.21±5.16 vs 25.23±4.09, P<.001 in comparison). Significant differences were found between C1‐INH‐HAE patients with HAE attacks, asymptomatic C1‐INH‐HAE patients, and healthy controls in both anxiety state (F56,2=4.69, P=.001) and trait (F56,2=9.06, P<.0001). A higher anxiety trait was correlated with the number of angioedema‐affected sites (r=.52, P=.003). The presence of HAE attacks and higher anxiety trait predicted a lower HRQoL in children with C1‐INH‐HAE.ConclusionsC1‐INH‐HAE children have higher anxiety trait and state, which correlate with reduced HRQoL domains.
Divergence is not enough: the use of ecological niche models for the validation of taxon boundaries
Authors: Dagnino D. , Minuto L. , Casazza G. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Delimiting taxon boundaries is crucial for any evolutionary research and conservation regulation. In order to avoid mistaken description of species, the approach of integrative taxonomy recommends considering multidisciplinary lines of evidence, including ecology. Unfortunately, ecological data are often difficult to quantify objectively. Here we test and discuss the potential use of ecological niche models for validating taxon boundaries, using three pairs of closely related plant taxa endemic to the south‐western Alps as a case study. We also discuss the application of ecological niche models for species delimitation and the implementation of different approaches.

Niche overlap, niche equivalency and niche similarity were assessed both in multidimensional environmental space and in geographic space to look for differences in the niche of three pairs of closely related plant taxa.

We detected a high degree of niche differentiation between taxa although this result seems not due to differences in habitat selection. The different statistical tests gave contrasting outcomes between environmental and geographic spaces.

According to our results, niche divergence does not seem to support taxon boundaries at species level, but may have had important consequences for local adaptation and in generating phenotypic diversity at intraspecific level. Environmental space analysis should be preferred to geographic space as it provides more clear results. Even if the different analyses widely disagree in their conclusions about taxon boundaries, our study suggests that ecological niche models may help taxonomists to reach a decision.