bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imbibition Oil Recovery From Tight Rocks With Dual-Wettability Networks in the Montney
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: September 2017

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 185076, “Imbibition Oil Recovery From Tight Rocks With Dual-Wettability Pore Networks: A Montney Case Study,” by Ali Javaheri and Hassan Dehghanpour, SPE, University of Alberta, and James Wood, SPE, Encana, prepared for the 2017 SPE Canada Unconventional Resources Conference, Calgary, 15–16 February. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
Previous studies demonstrate that Montney rock samples present a dual-wettability pore network. Recovery of the oil retained in the small hydrophobic pores is uniquely challenging. In this study, the authors applied dual-core-imbibition (DCI) methods on several Montney core plugs and introduced the imbibition-recovery (IR) trio to investigate the recovery mechanisms in rocks with dual-wettability pore networks.
Introduction
Spontaneous imbibition of aqueous phases (water, brine, or surfactant solutions) in fractured sandstone has been studied as a possible mechanism for enhanced oil recovery. Extensive experimental and mathematical investigations have been conducted for relating the imbibition rate and total oil recovery to the capillary and gravity forces and geometrical parameters. However, rock/fluid interactions in tight and shale reservoirs are more complicated than those seen in conventional reservoirs. In addition to capillary forces, organic materials and reactive clay minerals can inﬂuence the fluid ﬂow and storage in the small pores of low-permeability rocks. The affinity of reservoir rock to a particular fluid in such formations depends especially on rock mineralogy and properties of the organic matter that coats and fills the pores.
Previous comparative imbibition tests show that the affinity of the Montney samples to oil is significantly higher than their affinity to water. This behavior was explained by the presence of water-repellent pores within or coated by solid bitumen or pyrobitumen. In the complete paper, the authors focus on imbibition oil recovery of samples cored from the Montney Formation and investigate the role of rock-fabric complexities, such as dual-wettability characteristics, in oil recovery by water imbibition. A detailed discussion of materials used in the spontaneous-imbibition and oil-recovery tests, including rock and fluid properties, is included in the complete paper.
Methodology
The authors conducted three sets of comparative tests on five twin core plugs, which were dry cut from Montney cores. The samples are characterized by measuring mineral concentration, total-organic-carbon (TOC) content, porosity, and permeability. The methodology is fully described in the complete paper.
Downhole Sand-Ingress Detection With Fiber-Optic Distributed Acoustic Sensors
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: September 2017

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 183329, “Downhole Sand-Ingress Detection With Fiber-Optic Distributed Acoustic Sensors,” by Pradyumna Thiruvenkatanathan, Tommy Langnes, Paul Beaumont, Daniel White, and Michael Webster, BP, prepared for the 2016 Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dhabi, 7–10 November. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
There is currently no proven technology available in the market that accurately identifies downhole sand-ingress locations in real time. In this paper, the authors present results from use of a new technology that uses in-well-conveyed fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) for the detection of sand-ingress zones across the reservoir section throughout the production period in real time.
Introduction
Mechanical sand-control systems are not always fully effective. The end result may be high sand production, which results in choking back the well and reducing hydrocarbon production significantly. In most cases, the precise sanding interval is unknown, making sand-remediation operations (such as remedial plug placements) often ineffective. A successful remediation requires identification of locations of sand entry to inform targeted sand-shutoff operations. However, no proven technology accurately identifies sand-ingress locations during well production in real time.
The technology described in this paper has now been used successfully
To monitor sand ingress during production (in real time) to inform and optimize oil production
To inform and implement a targeted sand-shutoff operation to increase hydrocarbon-production rates
To assess the reliability of the sand-control equipment during production to improve future designs
Sand Detection
While conventional surface acoustic sand detectors provide a delayed indication of onset of downhole sanding events, they do not provide information about the zones in the reservoir that are producing sand. A successful sand-shutoff operation, however, requires knowledge and definitive identification of the zones (or depth sections) in the reservoir contributing to sanding and their relative concentrations.
DAS has been viewed as a potential candidate technology for downhole sand detection in recent years. DAS systems are intrinsic optical-fiber-based acoustic-sensing systems that use the backscatter component of the light injected into an optical fiber to detect acoustic perturbations along the length of the fiber. The fiber itself acts as the sensing element, with no additional transducers in the optical path, and measurements are taken along the length of the entire fiber, allowing for a true distributed measurement using a single fiber. The technology provides sensitivity to strain variations by monitoring changes in the length and index of refraction of the fiber induced by impinging acoustic pressure waves.
One-Trip Multizone Sand-Control-Completion System in the Gulf of Mexico Lower Tertiary
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: September 2017

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 27183, “Current State of the One-Trip Multizone Sand-Control-Completion System and the Conundrum Faced in the Gulf of Mexico Lower Tertiary,” by Bruce Techentien, Tommy Grigsby, and Thomas Frosell, Halliburton, prepared for the 2016 Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, 2–5 May. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2016 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission.
This paper provides perspective on the current state of multizone completion technology and issues encountered in the industry with developing a system that offers increased capabilities to meet the increasing challenges presented by the Lower Tertiary in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM). The multizone technology has proved to be an enabler for cost-efficient completions in the shallow-well environment and in the high-cost ultradeepwater environment requiring high-rate fracture-stimulation treatments.
Lower Tertiary GOM
The Lower Tertiary play is south and west of the Miocene area in the GOM and is, consequently, in deeper water. The Lower Tertiary is located approximately 175 miles offshore and is estimated at 80 miles wide and up to 300 miles long. Water depths are from 5,000 to 10,000 ft. Production targets are at depths of 10,000 to 30,000 ft subsea.
The Tertiary trend is from 66 million to 38 million years old. Within the Lower Tertiary, the Lower Wilcox portion presents sheet to amalgamated-sheet sands considered to be part of a regional basin floor fan system.
The Late Paleocene to Early Eocene (Wilcox equivalent) reservoirs are considered to be laterally extensive sheet sands that were deposited in deep water. These reservoirs are distributed across an area largely covered by the allochthonous Sigsbee salt canopy. It is this canopy that causes additional problems beyond merely the water depth and the well depth required to reach the reservoirs.
These exploration plays depend on understanding the updip fluvial/deltaic stratigraphic architecture and the potential for partitioning of reservoir-quality sandstones across the depositional shelf into the slope and basin floor environments. The Lower Tertiary is estimated to contain up to 15 billion bbl of oil.
Current State of Multizone Technology
The Generation IV multizone system has been deployed successfully in the Lower Tertiary by multiple operators. To the authors’ knowledge, the multistage completion system and enhanced single-trip multizone fracturing systems had been installed in 10 wells as of the summer of 2015, with additional well installations planned. These systems are rated to 10,000 psi, and the enhanced single-trip multizone tool system offering an open-hole variant was installed in one five-zone completion.
A Case Study on Simulation of In–Situ CO2 Huff–‘n’–Puff Process
Authors: Wang Yong , Hou Jirui , Song Zhaojie , Yuan Dengyu , Zhang Jingwei , Zhao Teng 
Published: September 2017

In-situ carbon dioxide (CO2) huff-‘n’-puff (ISCHP) is a promising enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) technique that could overcome some major drawbacks associated with continuous CO2 flooding such as early CO2 breakthrough, high operation costs, and demand for CO2 source. The application in Jiangsu Oil Field triggered the augmentation of well productivity and indicated the preliminary potential of this technique.
Our work is to establish a prediction model for gas generation and to examine the mechanisms of ISCHP/EOR through sandpack tests and reservoir simulation. A salt solution with surfactant additives was selected to be the gas-forming agent, the gas-generating performance was tested in a high-temperature/high-pressure reactor first, and a kinetics-derived equation for gas-volume prediction was then verified by use of the experimental results. The displacement performance and efficiency were determined with sandpack tests with three different concentrations of a gas-forming agent. A reservoir model of ISCHP was established and calibrated on the basis of the sandpack-test results and past-production observations of the candidate well. The sensitivity analysis on the main-operation parameters was conducted to determine the optimal scheme, including injected volume, concentration, and soaking time.
The results indicate that gas volume predicted by the theoretical model is well-matched to experimental data of the gas-forming reaction, the sandpack test makes clear the synergy of CO2 and chemical flooding in ISCHP, and a higher concentration of reagent tends to produce more oil than a lower one. Reservoir simulation shows a large amount of CO2 generated near the wellbore, an average growth of 61% in oil production, an regent usage of 0.91 ton/ton of oil, and a temperature decline of 2.5°C in the region of 20 m from the wellbore as a result of the endothermic reaction of reagent. On the basis of the reservoir model, the optimal scheme is achieved with a reagent concentration 16.4 wt%, an injected volume of 250 tons, and a soaking time of 7 days. This study can provide an improved understanding of ISCHP for EOR in Jiangsu Oil Field, including the gas-volume prediction, EOR potential in laboratory, and main operating parameters of ISCHP.
Estimating the impact of climate change on residential water use using panel data analysis: a case study of Lilongwe, Malawi
Authors: Makwiza Chikondi , Fuamba Musandji , Houssa Fadoua , Jacobs Heinz Erasmus 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In this study, panel linear models were used to develop an empirical relationship between metered household water use and the independent variables plot size and theoretical irrigation requirement. The estimated statistical model provides a means of estimating the climate-sensitive component of residential water use. Ensemble averages of temperature and rainfall projections were used to quantify potential changes in water use due to climate change by 2050. Annual water use per household was estimated to increase by approximately 1.5% under the low emissions scenario or 2.3% under the high emissions scenario. The model results provide information that can enhance water conservation initiatives relating particularly to outdoor water use. The model approach presented utilizes data that are readily available to water supply utilities and can therefore be easily replicated elsewhere.
Intelligent system for control of water distribution networks
Authors: Barros Filho Emânuel Guerra , Salvino Laís Régis , Bezerra Saulo de Tarso Marques , Salvino Moisés Menezes , Gomes Heber Pimentel 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The objective of this research study was the development of an intelligent system based on artificial neural networks for water distribution networks that operate with parallel pumps. The purpose of the system is to automate the process and to define the operating state of the electric motors (on, off or with partial rotation speed). The intelligent system developed is generic, which allows the application of its control structure in similar processes, and it was applied in an experimental setup that simulates a real water supply system. The performance of the network was tested experimentally under different operating conditions, including in the presence of disturbances. The settling time was, in all experiments, less than 30 seconds, the tests did not show overshoot and the maximum error was 2.9%. Results showed excellent performance in terms of pressure regulation, and it is hoped that the controller can be successfully implemented in real water distribution systems, in order to reduce water and electricity consumption, decrease maintenance costs and increase the reliability of operating procedures.
Comparison of invertebrate removal by traditional-BAC and pre-BAC treatment processes: verification in a full-scale drinking water treatment plant
Authors: Wu Zhiling , Chen Hongbin 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Invertebrate removal by traditional biological activated carbon (tra-BAC) and pre-BAC treatment processes was investigated in a full-scale water treatment plant. The results showed that invertebrate reproduction occurred in both BAC filters, but the invertebrate abundance in the finished water processed by tra-BAC was about 15 times greater than that processed using the pre-BAC process. In the pre-BAC process, the sand filter was placed after the BAC filter, and sand filtration removed most of the invertebrates, with an average removal efficiency of 91.1%. However, the pre-BAC filter, which was positioned behind the sedimentation tank, needed to be backwashed more frequently than the tra-BAC filter because of the high turbidity of the inlet water. The frequent backwashing reduced the biomass on the activated carbon and decreased the invertebrate reproductive rate. The results of this study are helpful for evaluating the pre-BAC treatment process in drinking water treatment plants.
Degradation of amyl xanthate by manganese dioxide
Authors: Chen Shaohua , Sun Yan , Li Jia , Xiong Ling 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Amyl xanthate (AX), a widely used reagent in sulfide mineral flotation, has caused serious environmental problems. Manganese dioxides (MnO2), ubiquitous in natural soils and sediments, are one kind of important oxidant or catalyst in facilitating organic pollutant decomposition. In this study, the oxidative degradation of AX by MnO2 was investigated in batch experiments. It was found that up to 90% AX was decomposed by MnO2 in 30 min and the removal efficiency of AX depended strongly on the loading of MnO2 and pH value in the solution where the reactions closely followed a pseudo-first-order model. The reaction orders with respect to the initial AX concentration, MnO2 concentration and pH value were 0.4573, 0.2034, and −0.1701, respectively. Coexisting metal ions, such as Mn2+, Fe3+, Ca2+ and Mg2+, displayed suppressive effects and the inhibitive capacity of the metal ions followed the order Mn2+ &gt; Fe3+ &gt; Ca2+ &gt; Mg2+. However, the effect of humic acid (HA) on reaction rates was significant only at higher concentrations. This study provided meaningful information to elucidate the oxidative degradation of AX by MnO2.
Staged combustion concept for gas turbines
Authors: Winkler Dieter , Geng Weiqun , Engelbrecht Geoffrey , Stuber Peter , Knapp Klaus , Griffin Timothy 
Published: September 2017

AbstractGas turbine power plants with high load flexibility are particularly suitable to compensate power fluctuations of wind and solar plants. Conventional gas turbines suffer from higher emissions at low load operation. With the objective of improving this situation a staged combustion system has been investigated. At low gas turbine load an upstream stage (first stage) provides stable combustion at low emissions while at higher loads the downstream stage (second stage) is started to supplement the power. Three injection geometries have been studied by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and atmospheric tests. The investigated geometries were a simple annular gap, a jet-in-cross-flow configuration and a lobe mixer. With CFD simulations the quality of mixing of second stage fresh gas with first stage exhaust gas was assessed. The lobe mixer showed the best mixing quality and hence was expected to also be the best variant in terms of combustion. However atmospheric combustion tests showed lower emissions for the jet-in-cross-flow configuration. Comparing flame photos in the visible and ultraviolet (UV) range suggest that the flame might be lifted off for the lobe mixer, leading to insufficient time for carbon monoxide (CO) burnout. CFD analysis of turbulent flame speed, turbulence and strain rates support the hypotheses of lifted off flame. Overall the staged concept was found to show very promising results not only with natural gas but also with natural gas enriched with propane or hydrogen. The investigations showed that apart from having an efficient and compact mixing of the two stages it is also very important to design the flow field such that the second flame can be anchored properly in order to achieve compact flames with sufficient time for CO burnout.
Domestic Dimensions of China's Foreign Policy
Authors: Mohanty Manoranjan 
Published: September 2017

We must firmly reject and criticize all the decadent bourgeois systems, ideologies and ways of life of foreign countries. But this should in no way prevent us from learning the advanced sciences and technologies of capitalist countries and whatever is scientific in the management in their enterprises.

Mao Zedong: "On the Ten Major Relationships"

Any part we want to play in world affairs depends entirely on the
internal strength, unity and conditions of our country. Our views might create some impression on others for the moment, but they will attach importance to our voice only in proportion to the strength they know we have.

Jawaharlal Nehru: Speech in Lok Sabha

Leaders of all the historic movements are aware of the dynamics of the interaction between the internal and the external dimensions of the processes in which they were involved. In the social science writings, however, several mechanical notions regarding such relationship persist. In this essay, there is an attempt to explain the dynamics of the internal and the external in the light of the Chinese revolutionary experience. There are two objectives of this exercise which are taken up in the two parts of the paper. First, it is argued that rather than engage in the empiricist exercise of listing the roots or sources of a foreign policy, it is more fruitful to place a national or regional experience in the world process and discern the character of both the world process and the distinct process at the lower level. Secondly, we seek to identify the principal problems in China's development experience in terms of three contradictions in socialist construction. Handling of those contradictions has implications at several levels including foreign policy.
Índice de Vulnerabilidade Ambiental na Microbacia do Talhado, Santa Luzia, Paraíba
Authors: Assis Fellipe Ragner Vicente , Lima Joedla Rodrigues de , Silva José Evanaldo Rangel , Mendonça Izaque Francisco Candeia 
Published: September 2017

O Índice de Vulnerabilidade Ambiental é uma ferramenta primordial na investigação e identificação dos fatores que podem gerar degradação ambiental em ecossistemas, como as bacias hidrográficas. Diante do exposto, o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o Índice de Vulnerabilidade Ambiental na microbacia hidrográfica do Talhado, localizada no município de Santa Luzia, Paraíba. Para aplicação da metodologia, o Índice de Vulnerabilidade Ambiental foi gerado pela soma dos seguintes planos de informações: índice de vegetação por diferença normalizada, fator topográfico, uso atual da terra e áreas de preservação permanente e uso restrito. Estes planos foram criados utilizando um sistema de informações geográficas que utilizou o Idrisi Andes, versão 16.0. Os resultados mostraram que 581,2 hectares (49,9%) da microbacia foram identificados com vulnerabilidade moderada, seguida pelas áreas com vulnerabilidades baixa e muito baixa com 541,4 hectares (46,5%), enquanto que 41,1 hectares (3,5%) apresentaram vulnerabilidade que variaram de grave a muito grave. Tais resultados indicam atenção especial que deve ser dada ao manejo conservacionista dos recursos naturais na Microbacia do Talhado, Paraíba.
Filosofía y Letras. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Universidad Nacional de México, México, 1945-1948, tomos IX-XV, núms. 17-30.
Authors: Adib Víctor 
Published: September 2017

Se reseñó: Filosofía y Letras: 1945-1948, tomos IX-XV, núms. 17-30.
Romancero general. Edición, prólogo e índices de Ángel González Palencia, Colección "Clásicos Españoles". Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Madrid, 1947, dos vols.
Authors: Álvarez Guzmán 
Published: September 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Romancero general. Edición, prólogo e índices de Ángel González Palencia.
María Concepción Casado Lobato, El habla de la Cabrera Alta. Contribución al estudio del dialecto leonés. Madrid (Imp. Aguirre), 1948. xx + 192 págs.
Authors: Gili Gaya Samuel 
Published: September 2017

Se reseñó el libro: El habla de la Cabrera Alta. Contribución al estudio del dialecto leonés.
Mary Cyria Huff, The sonnet "No me mueve, mi Dios". Its theme in Spanish tradition. Washington, D. C., The Catholic University of America Press, 1948. vii + 142 págs. (Publications of the Department of Romance Languages and Literatures, No. 33.)
Authors: Adib Víctor 
Published: September 2017

Se reseñó el libro: The sonnet "No me mueve, mi Dios". Its theme in Spanish tradition.
Mediaeval Studies in Honor of Jeremiah Dennis Matthias Ford. Edited by Urban T. Holmes, Jr. and Alex J. Denomy, C. S. B. Harvard University Press, 1948, xxxii + 376 págs. y 10 ilustraciones. Ramón Menéndez Pidal, Un viejo romance cantado por Sabbatai Ceví. Págs. 185-190. Francis M. Rogers, Insular Portuguese Pronunciation: Alleged Flemish Influence. Págs. 211-221.
Authors: Lida de Malkiel Maria Rosa 
Published: September 2017

Se reseñaron: Mediaeval Studies in Honor of Jeremiah Dennis Matthias Ford. Editedby Urban T. Holmes, Jr. and Alex J. Denomy, C. S. B. HarvardUniversity Press, 1948, xxxii + 376 págs. y 10 ilustraciones.Ramón Menéndez Pidal, Un viejo romance cantado por Sabbatai Ceví.Págs. 185-190.Francis M. Rogers, Insular Portuguese Pronunciation: Alleged FlemishInfluence. Págs. 211-221.
Poema de Fernán González, por (sic) el R. P. Luciano Serrano, O.S.B., Madrid, 1943. I vol., 198 págs. / Poema de Fernán González. Edición, prólogo y notas de Alonso Zamora Vicente. "Clásicos Castellanos", núm. 128. Madrid, 1946. I vol., xxx + 234 págs. / La leyenda de Fernán González. (Ciclo poético del Conde castellano). Selección, prólogo y notas de E. Correa Calderón. Madrid, Colección Crisol, 1946. I vol., 807 págs.
Authors: Lida de Malkiel María Rosa 
Published: September 2017

Se reseñaron: Poema de Fernán González, por (sic) el R. P. Luciano Serrano; Poema de Fernán González. Edición, prólogo y notas de Alonso Zamora Vicente; y La leyenda de Fernán González. (Ciclo poético del Conde castellano). Selección, prólogo y notas de E. Correa Calderón.