bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leichte Elementfassade auf Holzbasis zur Modernisierung von Nichtwohnhäusern
Authors: Tywoniak Jan , Bureš Michal , Volf Martin , Hejtmánek Petr , Nováček Jiří , Lupíšek Antonín 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDer Beitrag befasst sich mit der Entwicklung einer Systemlösung für den Ersatz alter nichttragender Außenwände der Nichtwohnbauten aus den sechziger und siebziger Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts. Die Hauptidee war, ein vorgefertigtes Produkt zu entwickeln, das moderne Holzprodukte benutzt, um eine Alternative zu üblichen metallischen Systemen anzubieten. Das System der Vorhangfassade auf Passivhausniveau wurde erfolgreich getestet. Die Montage der geschosshohen Elemente verläuft ohne Gerüst mit nachträglicher Ergänzung durch eine Vorsatzschale von Innen. Eine Zusammenfassung der Eigenschaften, wie Wärmeschutz, Brandverhalten, Akustik, Dichtigkeit der Fugen, und erste Pilotprojekte werden präsentiert.Wood Based Curtain Wall for Retrofit of Nonresidential Buildings. The paper deals with a development of system solution for replacement of old curtain walls at nonresidential buildings from 60ies and 70ies 20th century. The main idea was to develop a prefabricated system using modern wood products as an alternative to usual metallic solutions. The system of curtain wall at passive house level was successfully tested. The assembling of elements which are floor height doesn’t need scaffolding. From the interior side a drywall lining is added. An overview of properties concerning thermal performance, fire safety, acoustics, air‐ and water tightness is presented here.
Adhäsive Verbindungen für punktuelle Befestigungssysteme in Fassaden und Glastragwerken
Authors: Kothe Christiane , Kothe Michael , Wünsch Jan , Weller Bernhard 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIm Bauwesen werden im Konstruktiven Glasbau sowie im Beton‐, Stahl‐, Holz‐, Kunststoff‐ und Gleisbau lastabtragende Klebverbindungen teilweise erfolgreich eingesetzt. Die Technologie des adhäsiven Verbindens mittels geklebter Punkthalter ist aber, auch auf Grund des hohen administrativen und experimentellen Aufwands zur Erlangung einer Zustimmung im Einzelfall (ZiE), wenig verbreitet. Geklebte Punkthaltersysteme und Beschläge stellen ihrerseits aber eine vorteilhafte Alternative zu bisher üblichen Lochleibungsverbindungen dar. Der Wegfall von Bohrungen führt neben einer Kostenersparnis beim Glas vor allem zu konstruktiven Erleichterungen. Generell entstehen bei geklebten Punkthaltern homogenere Spannungsverteilungen im Lasteinleitungsbereich. Weitere Vorteile geklebter punktueller Befestigungselemente bilden die Reduzierung von Verbindungselementen, die damit verbundene höherwertige Ästhetik und die Zunahme an gestalterischer Freiheit bei der Fassadenkonstruktion.Adhesive joints for bonded point fixings in façades and glass structures. Load‐bearing adhesive connections are used partially successful in civil engineering in glass construction as well as in concrete, steel, wood or plastic and track construction. However, the technology of adhesive bonding by means of bonded point fixings, is not common due to the high administrative and experimental effort for obtaining an individual technical approval (ZiE). Adhesively bonded point fixings and fittings represents an advantageous alternative to conventional bearing connections. In addition to cost savings, the absence of boreholes especially causes constructive facilitation. Generally, a more homogeneous stress distribution in the load introduction area arises by using bonded point fixings. Further benefits of bonded fixings are the reduction of mechanical connection elements, associated higher‐quality aesthetics and an increase of creative freedom in façade design.
Systemische Individualität: Schüco Parametric System
Authors: Fuchs Andreas , Peters Stefan , Hans Oliver , Möhring Jörg 
Published: December 2016

AbstractKontinuierlicher Fortschritt im Bereich der digitalen Werkzeuge bietet Architekten und Fachingenieuren heute wachsende Möglichkeiten in der Entwicklung und Umsetzung von Gebäude‐ und Fassadenentwürfen. Geometrisch komplexe Formen werden damit in der Planung zunehmend vereinfacht. Durch die Schaffung von Verknüpfungen und Gesetzmäßigkeiten zwischen einzelnen Entwurfselementen oder ganzen Fassadenbereichen lassen sich Änderungen im virtuellen Modell leichter und schneller umsetzen. Die Realisierung wird jedoch oft von Schnittstellenproblemen und aufwendigen Sonderlösungen geprägt. Mit dem “Parametric System“ wurden diese Probleme durch Entwicklung eines variablen Rahmensystems, einer geschlossenen digitalen und konstruktiven Prozesskette, einer parametrisierten Systemstatik und der “mass customization“ von Systemkomponenten gelöst.Systemic Individuality: Schüco Parametric System. Steady progress in the field of digital tools provides architects and engineering specialists with growing opportunities in the development and implementation of building and façade designs. Geometrically complex shapes are increasingly simplified in the planning process. By creating links and regularities between individual design elements or entire facade areas, changes in the virtual model can be implemented more quickly and easily. The implementation however, is often characterized by interface problems and complex special solutions. These problems are addressed with the “Parametric System“, by developing a variable frame system, a closed digital and constructive process chain, parametric structural analysis and the “mass customization“ of system components.
Tragverhalten von ESG‐Verbundsicherheitsglas mit PVB‐Folie und SentryGlas® Ionoplast
Authors: Koll Bernhard , Hiss Stefan , Stelzer Ingo , Singh Malvinder 
Published: December 2016

AbstractVerbundsicherheitsglas gewinnt im konstruktiven Glasbau immer mehr an Bedeutung. Immer komplexere Glasstrukturen in der Gebäudehülle verbunden mit aufwendigen Montage‐ und Halterungssystemen bedingen Verbundsicherheitsglas‐Folien mit größerer Struktursteifigkeit und verbessertem Schubmodul. Anhand von VSG‐Glasaufbauten mit ESG werden Ergebnisse von Penetrationstests und das Resttragverhalten in Abhängigkeit von der Zwischenschicht‐Folie und der Temperatur gezeigt und diskutiert.Structural behavior of ESG‐laminated safety glass with PVB sheet and SentryGlas® Ionoplast. Laminated Safety Glass is more and more used as element in building glass constructions. Complex glass in the building skin combined with extensive assembly and mounting systems account for laminated glass interlayers with higher stiffness and improved shear strength. On the basis of tempered laminated safety glass results of penetration tests and residual load strength are shown dependant on interlayer type and testing temperature.
“Girasole“ – die Sonnenblume – Gebäudehülle der neuen Zentrale der Schweizer SBB in Bern‐Wankdorf/CH
Authors: Panneck Bianca , Hoymann Stefan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDer Neubau des Hauptsitzes der Schweizerischen Bundesbahnen SBB in Bern ist eine Glanzleistung zeitgemäßer Architektur mit vielen nützlichen und wegweisenden technischen Extras “Made in Switzerland“. Gleich auf den ersten Blick fällt das neuartige Fassadensystem aus verschiedenen farbigen Glaslamellen ins Auge, das von der Colt International GmbH entwickelt wurde. In einem Gesamtleistungswettbewerb wurden sowohl die Architekten als auch der Totalunternehmer in einem einzigen Verfahren ausgewählt. Gewinner des Verfahrens waren die Anliker AG aus Emmenbrücke als Generalunternehmerin und Lussi Halter Architekten aus Luzern. Zur Berechnung der bauphysikalischen Kennwerte für das Fassadensystem wurde das Ingenieurbüro für Bauphysik, Glas‐, Fenster‐ und Fassadenbau Buri Müller Partner GmbH aus Burgdorf als technische Spezialfirma einbezogen.“Girasole” − the sunflower − building envelope of the new headquarters of the Swiss SBB in Bern‐Wankdorf / CH. The new headquarter of Swiss Federal Railways SBB in Bern called “Girasole” is a masterpiece of contemporary architecture. Advanced technical solutions indicate the building envelope’s standard as “Made in Switzerland”. Colt International GmbH developed an eye‐catching façade system of different coloured glass blades. In a single competition, both the architects and the general contractor were selected. The jury awarded the Anliker AG from Emmenbrücke as general contractor and Lussi Halter Architekten from Lucerne to realize SBB’s headquarter. In addition, the office Buri Müller Partner GmbH from Burgdorf was involved as specialized engineers to calculate the structural‐physical characteristics of the façade system.
Pavillon mit aussteifender Holz‐Glas‐Verbundfassade
Authors: Nicklisch Felix , Hernández Sebastián , Schlehlein Maximilian , Weller Bernhard 
Published: December 2016

AbstractHolz‐Glas‐Verbundelemente gehören zu den neuen Entwicklungen im Glasbau. Mit dieser Bauweise, bei der Glas umlaufend mit einer Unterkonstruktion aus Holz verklebt wird, lassen sich bisher ungenutzte Tragpotenziale von Verglasungen zur Aussteifung von Gebäuden nutzen. Im Rahmen eines transnationalen Forschungsprojektes entstanden vielversprechenden Ansätze zur Anwendung dieser Elemente in Fassaden. Zur Demonstration und technischen Erprobung der entwickelten Lösungen wurde ein Pavillon realisiert. In diesem Versuchsobjekt werden zum ersten Mal die untersuchten, 2,40 x 2,40 m großen Fassadenelemente eingesetzt. Der Beitrag berichtet über die Versuche, die vor der Realisierung notwendig waren sowie über die Detailplanung und Ausführung des Vorhabens.Pavillion with a load‐bearing timber‐glass composite façade. Load‐bearing timber‐glass composite elements belong to novel developments in the field of structural glass. Composite action is achieved by adhesively bonding the glass pane onto a timber substructure. Recent research works focus on shear walls in the building envelope. Glazing in façades and outer walls could contribute to the bracing of the structure or the stabilization of the façade itself. The paper presents a feasibility study of such timber‐glass composite elements with a size of approximately 2.40 x 2.40 m. Their full potential arises from the use of an adhesive of medium stiffness which exhibits rather small deformations compared to e.g. structural silicones. The performance of the components was assessed in several experiments. This work also aims at solving the main construction details of the application of such elements as a façade. Special attention has been taken into solving water and air tightness, and to reduce thermal bridges.
Bemessung sphärisch gebogener Isolierglasscheiben am Beispiel des Kasachstan – Pavillons der Expo 2017
Authors: Heinze Lisa , Baitinger Mascha , Wolkowicz Christian 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIm Rahmen der Expo 2017 in Kasachstan wird im Mittelpunkt des Expo Geländes der Kasachstan – Pavillon, die “Sphäre“, errichtet. Dabei handelt es sich um eine Glas‐Stahl‐Konstruktion in Form einer Kugel mit einem Durchmesser von rund 80 m. Aufgrund der Kugelform liegen hier sphärisch gebogene, trapezoidale Isolierverglasungen vor. Um dem architektonischen Anspruch Folge zu leisten, werden die Gläser als Structural‐Glazing‐Verglasung mit Togglen im Randverbund ausgeführt. Die Herausforderung der Glasbemessung bestand darin, ein geeignetes Bemessungskonzept zu finden, welches zum einen diese komplexen Randbedingungen hinreichend genau und vollständig berücksichtigt und zum anderen zu einer wirtschaftlichen und konstruktiv umsetzbaren Lösung führt.Calculation of spheric bended insulated glazing units for the Kazakhstan – pavilion, Expo 2017. For the Expo 2017 in Kazakhstan, the pavilion of the country Kazakhstan, named “The Sphere” is built in the middle of the Expo ‐ area. The pavilion is a steel – glass construction in shape of a sphere with a diameter of 80 m. Due to the shape of the sphere the insulated glazing units (IGU) are executed as spherical bended, trapezoidal glasses. In order to satisfy the architectural requirements, the IGU is executed as a structural glazing façade with mechanical fasteners (toggles) in the outer edge sealing. The challenge of the glass dimensioning was, to define a suitable design concept, which, on one hand, considers the complex boundary conditions in a sufficient way and, on the other hand, leads to an economic and structurally realizable solution.
Transparenz − Wohin mit den Kräften am Beispiel Columbia University Medical School
Authors: Schmitt Felix 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIm Norden von Manhattan entsteht derzeit für die Columbia University ein neues Schulgebäude der medizinischen Fakultät (CUMC). Das renommierte Design Studio “Diller Scofidio Renfro“ wurde dabei für die Gebäudeplanung beauftragt und erzielte mit dem Entwurf große Beachtung. Für die Planung der Fassaden des Gebäudes wurde die Firma Josef Gartner GmbH in der Design‐Phase eingebunden, um die Vorstellungen der Architekten umzusetzen. Neben den Vorhangfassaden aus Aluminium im Schulungsbereich ist die komplette Südseite über 14 Stockwerke als transparente Glasschwert‐Fassade ausgebildet. Projektspezifische Anforderungen verursachen hier bei der Planung ganz neue Überlegungen, wie man die Kräfte und Gebäudeverformungen unter Einhaltung der Transparenz umsetzen kann. Hierzu wurden Lösungen zu Problemen wie z.B. unterschiedliche Langzeitverformungen der vorgespannten Betondecken, Abtragung der Glaseigengewichte über die Glasschwerter, Aufnahme von Windsoglasten in den Gebäudeecken entwickelt.Transparency – Find the load paths taking the example of Columbia University Medical School. In Northern Manhattan, the construction of a new 14‐story state‐of‐the‐art education building for the Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC) is underway. The design was led by the renowned design studio Diller Scofidio Renfro. The northern side of the building with the classrooms and offices consists of an aluminum curtain wall, whereas the complete southern part, the so‐called “Cascade”, is a highly transparent façade consisting of a glass wall that is supported by glass fins without steel mullions. During design phase, Josef Gartner GmbH, responsible for the glass fin wall, supported the façade planning so that the design intent of the architect could be realized. Project specific requirements on how to realize the forces and building deflections while keeping the requested transparency were new challenges during the planning phase. Solutions were elaborated for e.g. different long‐term deflections of the concrete structure, transfer of the glass dead load via the glass fins and transfer of the load from wind suction in the building corners.
Prediction of two‐dimensional materials by the global optimization approach
Authors: Gu Teng , Luo Wei , Xiang Hongjun 
Published: December 2016

Crystal structure prediction is one of the most fundamental challenges in the physics and chemistry sciences. In recent years, this problem has gained much practical success by the global optimization approach. Here, we survey some recent progress in finding the global minimum of two‐dimensional (2D) materials, and introduce some details of these global optimization approach. Then, we will give some typical examples to demonstrate their advantages for 2D crystal structure prediction. Finally, the future directions and challenges are briefly discussed. WIREs Comput Mol Sci 2017, 7:e1295. doi: 10.1002/wcms.1295This article is categorized under:

Structure and Mechanism > Computational Materials Science
Electronic Structure Theory > Density Functional Theory
Primate empathy: three factors and their combinations for empathy‐related phenomena
Authors: Yamamoto Shinya 
Published: December 2016

Empathy as a research topic is receiving increasing attention, although there seems some confusion on the definition of empathy across different fields. Frans de Waal (de Waal FBM. Putting the altruism back into altruism: the evolution of empathy. Annu Rev Psychol 2008, 59:279–300. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.59.103006.093625) used empathy as an umbrella term and proposed a comprehensive model for the evolution of empathy with some of its basic elements in nonhuman animals. In de Waal's model, empathy consists of several layers distinguished by required cognitive levels; the perception‐action mechanism plays the core role for connecting ourself and others. Then, human‐like empathy such as perspective‐taking develops in outer layers according to cognitive sophistication, leading to prosocial acts such as targeted helping. I agree that animals demonstrate many empathy‐related phenomena; however, the species differences and the level of cognitive sophistication of the phenomena might be interpreted in another way than this simple linearly developing model. Our recent studies with chimpanzees showed that their perspective‐taking ability does not necessarily lead to proactive helping behavior. Herein, as a springboard for further studies, I reorganize the empathy‐related phenomena by proposing a combination model instead of the linear development model. This combination model is composed of three organizing factors: matching with others, understanding of others, and prosociality. With these three factors and their combinations, most empathy‐related matters can be categorized and mapped to appropriate context; this may be a good first step to discuss the evolution of empathy in relation to the neural connections in human and nonhuman animal brains. I would like to propose further comparative studies, especially from the viewpoint of Homo‐Pan (chimpanzee and bonobo) comparison. WIREs Cogn Sci 2017, 8:e1431. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1431This article is categorized under:

Cognitive Biology > Evolutionary Roots of Cognition
Psychology > Comparative Psychology
Neuroscience > Cognition
Medical students’ perceptions of the patient-centredness of the learning environment
Authors: Wilcox Mark V. , Orlando Megan S. , Rand Cynthia S. , Record Janet , Christmas Colleen , Ziegelstein Roy C. , Hanyok Laura A. 
Published: December 2016

Background Patient-centred care is an important aspect of quality health care. The learning environment may impact medical students’ adoption of patient-centred behaviours.
Methods All medical students at a single institution received an anonymous, modified version of the Communication, Curriculum, and Culture instrument that measures patient-centredness in the training environment along three domains: role modelling, students’ experience, and support for patient-centred behaviours. We compared domain scores and individual items by class year and gender, and qualitatively analyzed responses to two additional items that asked students to describe experiences that demonstrated varying degrees of patient-centredness.
Results Year 1 and 2 students reported greater patient-centredness than year 3 and 4 students in each domain: role modelling (p = 0.03), students’ experience (p = <0.001), and support for patient-centred behaviours (p < 0.001). Female students reported less support for patient-centred behaviours compared with male students (p = 0.03). Qualitative analysis revealed that explicit patient-centred curricula and positive role modelling fostered patient-centredness. Themes relating to low degrees of patient-centredness included negative role modelling and students being discouraged from being patient-centred.
Conclusions Students’ perceptions of the patient-centredness of the learning environment decreased as students progressed through medical school, despite increasing exposure to patients. Qualitative analysis found that explicit patient-centred curricula cultivated patient-centred attitudes. Role modelling impacted student perceptions of patient-centredness within the learning environment.
Age at menarche predicts age at onset of major affective and anxiety disorders
Authors: Tondo L. , Pinna M. , Serra G. , De Chiara L. , Baldessarini R.J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundMenarche age has been associated inconsistently with the occurrence, timing or severity of major depressive disorder (MDD), but rarely studied in women with bipolar (BDs) or anxiety disorders.MethodsWe investigated women patients at a Sardinian mood disorder center for associations of age at menarche with age at illness onset for major affective or anxiety disorders, year of birth, and other selected factors, using bivariate comparisons and multivariate regression modeling.ResultsAmong women (n = 1139) with DSM-IV MDD (n = 557), BD-I (n = 223), BD-II (n = 178), or anxiety disorders (n = 181), born in 1904–1998, of mean age 42.9 years, menarche age averaged 12.8 [CI: 12.7–12.9] years. Illness onset age averaged 30.9 [30.1–31.8] years, ranking: BD-I, 25.8; anxiety disorders, 28.0; BD-II, 30.3; MDD, 34.1 years. Menarche age declined secularly over birth years, and was associated with younger illness-onset, having no or fewer siblings, more psychiatrically ill first-degree relatives, living in rural environments, being suicidal, substance abuse, and being unemployed. Earlier menarche and earlier illness-onset were significantly associated for onset age groups of ≤ 20, 20–39, and > 40 years. Menarche age versus diagnosis ranked: BD-II < BD-I < anxiety disorders < MDD.ConclusionsAge at menarche in Sardinia, as elsewhere, has declined over the past decades. It was strongly associated with age at onset of bipolar and anxiety, as well as major depressive disorders across the age range, suggesting sustained effects of biological maturational factors.
A gene expression inflammatory signature specifically predicts multiple myeloma evolution and patients survival
Authors: Botta C , Di Martino M T , Ciliberto D , Cucè M , Correale P , Rossi M , Tagliaferri P , Tassone P 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is closely dependent on cross-talk between malignant plasma cells and cellular components of the inflammatory/immunosuppressive bone marrow milieu, which promotes disease progression, drug resistance, neo-angiogenesis, bone destruction and immune-impairment. We investigated the relevance of inflammatory genes in predicting disease evolution and patient survival. A bioinformatics study by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis on gene expression profiling dataset of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, smoldering and symptomatic-MM, identified inflammatory and cytokine/chemokine pathways as the most progressively affected during disease evolution. We then selected 20 candidate genes involved in B-cell inflammation and we investigated their role in predicting clinical outcome, through univariate and multivariate analyses (log-rank test, logistic regression and Cox-regression model). We defined an 8-genes signature (IL8, IL10, IL17A, CCL3, CCL5, VEGFA, EBI3 and NOS2) identifying each condition (MGUS/smoldering/symptomatic-MM) with 84% accuracy. Moreover, six genes (IFNG, IL2, LTA, CCL2, VEGFA, CCL3) were found independently correlated with patients’ survival. Patients whose MM cells expressed high levels of Th1 cytokines (IFNG/LTA/IL2/CCL2) and low levels of CCL3 and VEGFA, experienced the longest survival. On these six genes, we built a prognostic risk score that was validated in three additional independent datasets. In this study, we provide proof-of-concept that inflammation has a critical role in MM patient progression and survival. The inflammatory-gene prognostic signature validated in different datasets clearly indicates novel opportunities for personalized anti-MM treatment.