bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1846G>A polymorphism ofCYP2D6gene and extrapyramidal side effects during antipsychotic therapy among Russians and Tatars: a pilot study
Authors: Sychev Dmitriy A. , Burashnikova Irina S. , Kazakov Ruslan E. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackground:Сytochrome P450 CYP2D6 activity affects antipsychotic therapy safety. 1846G>A (CYP2D6*4) polymorphism frequency varies among different ethnic groups.Methods:We studied 1846G>A polymorphism in Tatar and Russian schizophrenic patients taking different antipsychotics and association of 1846G>A polymorphism and extrapyramidal disorders (EPD) frequency in schizophrenic patients on haloperidol monotherapy in daily doses up to 20 mg.Results:Heterozygous1846GAgenotype frequency among Tatars was lower (23.8% vs. 32.4% in Russians), but the differences did not reach statistical significance. The1846Aallele frequency among Tatars was also lower (11.9% vs. 24.3% in Russians), but the difference was not quite significant (p=0.0592). Average daily haloperidol dose in the group without EPD was significantly higher than in the group with EPD (11.35±4.6 vs. 13.87±3.3 mg, p=0.0252), but average daily haloperidol dose/weight ratios in the compared groups had no significant differences. A statistically significant association between EPD development and heterozygous1846GAgenotype and1846Aallele carrier frequency was revealed among all schizophrenic patients and among those of Tatars.Conclusions:Further well-designed pharmacogenetic studies in different Russian regions are needed to improve psychotropic therapy safety and to establish evidence-based indications for pharmacogenetic testing in clinical practice.
Enhanced oral bioavailability of metoprolol with gallic acid and ellagic acid in male Wistar rats: involvement of CYP2D6 inhibition
Authors: Athukuri Bhargavi Latha , Neerati Prasad 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background:
Cytochrome P450-2D6 (CYP2D6), a member of the CYP450 mixed function oxidase system, is an important CYP isoform with regard to herbal-drug interactions and is responsible for the metabolism of nearly 25% of drugs. Until now, studies on the effects of various phytochemicals on CYP2D6 activity in vivo have been very rare. Gallic acid and ellagic acid are natural polyphenols which are widely distributed in fruits and medicinal plants. In the present study, the effects of gallic acid and ellagic acid pretreatment on intestinal transport and oral bioavailability of metoprolol were investigated.

Methods:
The intestinal transport of metoprolol was assessed by conducting an in situ single pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) study. The bioavailability study was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters of orally administered metoprolol in rats.

Results:
After pretreatment with gallic acid and ellagic acid, no significant change in effective permeability of metoprolol was observed at the ileum part of rat intestine. A significant improvement in the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the serum concentration–time profile (AUC) and decrease in clearance were observed in rats pretreated with gallic acid and ellagic acid.

Conclusions:
Gallic acid and ellagic acid significantly enhanced the oral bioavailability of metoprolol by inhibiting CYP2D6-mediated metabolism in the rat liver. Hence, adverse herbal-drug interactions may result with concomitant ingestion of gallic acid and ellagic acid supplements and drugs that are CYP2D6 substrates. The clinical assessment of these interactions should be further investigated in human volunteers.
Smart Textiles for Strengthening of Structures
Authors: Górski Marcin , Krzywoń Rafał , Dawczyński Szymon , Szojda Leszek , Salvado Rita , Lopes Catarina , Araujo Pedro , Velez Fernando Jose , Castro-Gomes Joao 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This paper presents results of mechanical tests
on a prototype of an innovative structural strengthening
in form of self-monitoring fabric. Smart textile employs
carbon fibers conductivity for measuring strains while
monitoring changes of electric resistance under increasing
load. A general solution was tested in a series of calibrating
tests on strengthening of small size concrete slabs.
Promising results of simple specimen, has encouraged the
research team to perform the next tests using mastered carbon
fibre reinforced fabric. Main tests were performed on
natural scale RC beam. Smart textile proved its efficiency
in both: strengthening and monitoring of strains during
load increase. New strengthening proposal was given 10%
increase of loading capacity and the readings of strain
changes were similar to those obtained in classical methods.
In order to calibrate the prototype and to define range
limits of solution usability, textile sensor was tested in areas
of large deformations (timber beam) and aswell as very
small strains (bridge bearing block). In both cases, the prototype
demonstrated excellent performance in the range
of importance for structural engineering. This paper also
presents an example of use of the smart strengthening in
situ, in a real life conditions.
Development of Anti-lock Braking System (ABS)
for Vehicles Braking
Authors: Minh Vu Trieu , Oamen Godwin , Vassiljeva Kristina , Teder Leo 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This paper develops a real laboratory of anti-lock
braking system (ABS) for vehicle and conducts real experiments
to verify the ability of this ABS to prevent the vehicle
wheel from being locked while braking. Two controllers
of PID and fuzzy logic are tested for analysis and
comparison. This ABS laboratory is designed for bachelor
and master students to simulate and analyze performances
of ABS with different control techniques on various
roads and load conditions. This paper provides educational
theories and practices on the design of control for
system dynamics.
The quality of carrot (Daucus carotaL.) cultivated in the field depending on iodine and selenium fertilization
Authors: Smoleń Sylwester , Skoczylas Łukasz , Ledwożyw-Smoleń Iwona , Rakoczy Roksana , Liszka-Skoczylas Marta , Kopeć Aneta , Piątkowska Ewa , Bieżanowska-Kopeć Renata , Koronowicz Aneta , Kapusta-Duch Joanna , Sady Włodzimierz 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of various chemical forms of iodine (I−and IO3−) and selenium (SeO32−and SeO42−) on the nutritional and health-promoting quality of carrot (Daucus carotaL.) storage roots. The experiment (conducted in 2012-2014) comprised the soil fertilization of carrot ‘Kazan’ F1in the following combinations: 1. Control, 2. KI, 3. KIO3, 4. Na2SeO4, 5. Na2SeO3, 6. KI + Na2SeO4, 7. KIO3+ Na2SeO4, 8. KI + Na2SeO3, 9. KIO3+ Na2SeO3. Iodine and selenium were applied twice: before sowing and as top dressing in a total dose of 5 kg I ha−1and 1 kg Se ha−1. No significant influence of iodine and selenium fertilization was noted with respect to average root weight and leaf yield. Each year, the application of KI + Na2SeO4negatively affected the content of glucose and total sugars in carrot. An increased sucrose level was noted in the roots of plants treated with KIO3+ Na2SeO4, with a total sugar concentration comparable to the control. Irrespective of the year, carrots fertilized with KI were characterized by the highest accumulation of nitrates (III) – NO2−in roots. The simultaneous introduction of iodine and selenium compounds (KI + Na2SeO4, KIO3+ Na2SeO4, KI + Na2SeO3and KIO3+ Na2SeO3) into the soil reduced the content of nitrates (III) in carrot as compared to combinations with the individual application of these compounds. The influence of the tested factors on other analysed parameters (the content of dry weight, nitrates (V), chlorides, oxalates, citrates, free amino acids, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, phenylpropanoids, flavonols and anthocyanins as well as free radical scavenging activity (DPPH) was rather year-dependent.
Report of the fourth specimen of Amphiorchis solus (Simha & Chattopadhyaya, 1970) Platt, 2002 46 years after the original description
Authors: Werneck M.R. , Medeiros L.S. 
Published: November 2016

Summary
The aim of this paper was to describe the occurrence of the fourth specimen of Amphiorchis solus (Simha & Chattopadhyaya, 1970) Platt, 2002 (Digenea: Spirorchiidae) in a green turtle (Chelonia mydas L.1758) found in northeastern Brazil. Amphiorchis solus is a parasite that has only been reported in green turtles in India, Costa Rica and Brazil. Although the original description was made in 1970, only four specimens (including the one described herein) have been reported in the literature. In this note, we present the second occurrence of A. solus in Brazil, broadening information on the species and providing the first photographic record of this parasite.
Epidemiology and geographical distribution of gastrointestinal parasitic infection in humans in Slovakia
Authors: Dudlová A. , Juriš P. , Jurišová S. , Jarčuška P. , Krčméry V. 
Published: November 2016

Summary
Examinations of the set of 2,760 samples of human stools revealed the current epidemiological situation in the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasitoses in Slovakia. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infection was P = 6.81 % out of which the protozoan infections was P = 2.64 % and helminthiases P = 4.17 %, in the representation of endoparasitic species Entamoeba coli, Giardia intestinalis, Blastocystis hominis, Endolimax nana, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and Enterobius vermicularis.
The species with the highest proportion from the protozoa was Entamoeba coli (P = 0.79 %) and from the helminths Ascaris lumbricoides (P = 3.73 %). The highest prevalence of protozoan infections (P = 3.27 %) was found in the age group 8 – 18 yearly and helminthic infections (P = 5.84 %) in the lowest age group of children at the age of 1 month to 7 years. Almost regularly, there was most frequently infection with Endolimax nana, Giardia intestinalis and Ascaris lumbricoides. By comparison of all age categories, a high statistical significance of differences in the prevalence of helminthiases was found, which most frequently infected children aged from 1 month to 7 years (X2, p≤ 0.0001). The statistical significance of differences in the incidence of protozoan infections (X2, p≤ 0.01) and helminthiases (X2, p≤ 0.0001) was recorded between the compared regions of Slovakia (Western, Central and Eastern Slovakia) with the highest prevalence in the eastern region of Slovakia.
Individual and family protective factors of intentional and unintentional consumption of online pornography in Hong Kong
Authors: Ma Cecilia M.S. , Shek Daniel T.L. , Lai Catie C.W. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe purpose of the current study was to explore how positive youth development and family functioning were related to unintentional and intentional exposure to online pornography in Chinese adolescents. A total of 1401 secondary school students (mean age=12.43) participated in the study. Findings suggested that positive youth development and family functioning were associated with lower exposure to online pornography. In particular, higher levels of spirituality, social competence, mutuality and communication were associated with lower levels of both types of exposure to online pornography. Discussion focuses on the importance of promoting positive youth development and family functioning as protective factors against the negative influence of pornography among Chinese adolescents.
Qualitative evaluation of a service leadership subject in a Chinese context
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Wu Jing , Lin Li , Pu Emma X.P. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAdopting a qualitative methodology, views of the students on a subject on service leadership were examined. Students taking the subject (n=153) were invited to use descriptors and metaphors to describe their experiences about the subject. Regarding the descriptors given by the students, most of them were positive in nature. Similar positive findings were obtained for the metaphors. The findings are generally consistent with those studies using the same methodology reported in the literature. In conjunction with other evaluation findings, the present findings suggest that students had positive experiences about taking the subject and regarded the subject to be able to promote their service leadership qualities.
Triadic Closure in Core Networks: Disentangling the Effects of Social Distance, National Origin Similarity and Shared Contexts
Authors: Mollenhorst Gerald , van Duijn Marijtje , Rydgren Jens , Edling Christofer 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAcknowledging that the composition and structure of personal networks is affected by meeting opportunities, social distance, and national origin similarity, we aim to disentangle their association with triadic closure in the core of personal networks. We use data (collected 2009) on the core networks of three groups of Swedes (all born in 1990): native Swedes, and first- and second-generation immigrants from Iran and former Yugoslavia, where the respondent (ego) mentions up to five core network members (alters) and whether each pair of alters (dyad) know each other (triadic closure). A three-level multiple membership logistic regression model is performed, which allows the testing of dyadic alter-alter effects, ego effects, and their interaction (i.e., ‘triadic’ effects) on triadic closure. We show that social distance, national origin similarity, and the sharing of social contexts are all associated with triadic closure in the expected direction, and that the effects of social distance and national origin similarity become smaller if shared social contexts are taken into account. The effects of the sharing of social contexts are the largest and are robust, indicating that shared social contexts are a dominant and more important condition for triadic closure than are similarity on relevant socio-demographic characteristics.
Compactness result and its applications in integral equations
Authors: Krukowski Mateusz , Przeradzki Bogdan 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A version of the Arzelà–Ascoli theorem for X being a σ-locally compact Hausdorff space is proved. The result is used in proving compactness of Fredholm, Hammerstein and Urysohn operators. Two fixed point theorems, for Hammerstein and Urysohn operators, are derived on the basis of Schauder fixed point theorem.
Krisenviren und der drohende Infarkt des Finanzsystems
Authors: Kuck Kristin 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This article analyses the function of illness-metaphors for the construction of economic and social crises in public discourse. Three periods of crises in the history of the Federal Republic of Germany are contemplated: the oil crisis in 1973/74, the public dispute about Schröder’s so-called Agenda 2010 in 2003 and the financial crisis in 2008/09. It will show that illness-metaphors are used in combination with other metaphors involving other source domains. Thus, conceptual metaphors unfold scenarios, which explain the essence of and the coping with a crisis without requiring specific knowledge about economic relations.
I Do It My Way: Analysis of the Permanent Representation of the Czech Republic to the European Union
Authors: Galušková Johana , Kaniok Petr 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis article analyses development of the Permanent Representation of the Czech Republic to the European Union (PermRep) from 2004, when the Czech Republic joined the European Union, until 2013. Its main aim is to test four concepts related to the three neoinstitutionalist theories – firstly, the path dependency and critical junctures models related to the historical neo-institutionalism, secondly principal-agent relation typical for the rational neo-institutionalism and the concept of the logic of appropriateness related to the sociological institutionalism. The authors try to determine which of these four models have the best explanatory potential when it comes to the development of the Czech PermRep. After analysing three independent variables (changes in executive, EU Council Presidency, EU strategies), and their impact on the dependent variable (character of the Czech PermRep), the authors conclude that particularly historical institutionalism and sociological institutionalism models have the greatest explanatory power while the contribution of rational institutionalism model of principal-agent is relatively weak.
Simulation on Vessel Intelligent Collision Avoidance Based on Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Li Weifeng , Ma Wenyao 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
TAs the rapid development of the ship equipments and navigation technology, vessel intelligent collision avoidance theory was researched world widely. Meantime, more and more ship intelligent collision avoidance products are put into use. It not only makes the ship much safer, but also lighten the officers work intensity and improve the ship’s economy. The paper based on the International Regulation for Preventing Collision at sea and ship domain theories, with the ship proceeding distance when collision avoidance as the objective function, through the artificial fish swarm algorithm to optimize the collision avoidance path, and finally simulates overtaking situation, crossing situation and head-on situation three classic meeting situation of ships on the sea by VC++ computer language. Calculation and simulation results are basically consistent with the actual situation which certifies that its validity.
Phytogeographical Importance of the Mountains along the Danube Mountain Gap Valley and Surrounding Area
Authors: Schneider-Binder Erika 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The Danube mountain gap valley between Romania and Serbia is known for its high biodiversity, represented by many xero-thermophilous species, phytocoenoses and habitats of Southern origin. The occurrence of these species and phytocoenoses is strongly related to the geographical position on the continent, with related climate conditions and the geomorphological structure. The different phyto-geographical regionalisation highlights the uniqueness of the area, being the meeting point of species with their Northern, Southern, Western or Eastern limit in the Danube Gorge break. Here are presented the identifying species of characteristic phytocoenoses, threatened species and typical habitats with relevance for the European Natura 2000 network.
Geographic Origins of Invasive Alien Species in “Iron Gates” Natural Park (Banat, Romania)
Authors: Goia Irina , Ciocanea Cristiana-Maria , Gavrilidis Athanasios-Alexandru 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The paper presents an inventory and distribution of invasive alien species, in “Iron Gates” Natural Park, especially to highlight their origins, the most aggressive alien species, and their impact on conservation status of habitats, and indirectly their economic and sociological impact on the human communities.
This study may have an important role in improving the efficiency of conservation measures, offering valuable information to authorities involved in protected areas administration.
Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities in the Northern Tributaries of the “Iron Gates” Gorge (Danube River)
Authors: Curtean-Bănăduc Angela 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The paper presents the structure of the benthonic macro-invertebrates communities in the Berzasca, Sirinia, Liubcova, and Mraconia rivers. The results are based on quantitative benthos samples (95 samples), collected in July 2014 from 19 sampling stations within the study area. In longitudinal profile, the benthonic macro-invertebrate communities of the Sirinia, Liubcova and Berzasca rivers displays relatively large structural variability, while the communities of the Mraconia River displays smaller structural variability. The structure of the benthonic macro-invertebrate communities correlated with the biotope characteristics indicates the good ecological status of the analysed rivers, with the exception of the Berzasca River sector downstream of the town of Berzasca and immediately upstream of the Danube junction, a sector with moderate ecological status due to negative effects from man-made modifications in the lotic biotope of the sector.
Neuronal Dysfunction in iPSC-Derived Medium Spiny Neurons from Chorea-Acanthocytosis Patients Is Reversed by Src Kinase Inhibition and F-Actin Stabilization
Authors: Stanslowsky Nancy , Reinhardt Peter , Glass Hannes , Kalmbach Norman , Naujock Maximilian , Hensel Niko , Lübben Verena , Pal Arun , Venneri Anna , Lupo Francesca , De Franceschi Lucia , Claus Peter , Sterneckert Jared , Storch Alexander , Hermann Andreas , Wegner Florian 
Published: November 2016

Chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc) is a fatal neurological disorder characterized by red blood cell acanthocytes and striatal neurodegeneration. Recently, severe cell membrane disturbances based on depolymerized cortical actin and an elevated Lyn kinase activity in erythrocytes from ChAc patients were identified. How this contributes to the mechanism of neurodegeneration is still unknown. To gain insight into the pathophysiology, we established a ChAc patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell model and an efficient differentiation protocol providing a large population of human striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs), the main target of neurodegeneration in ChAc. Patient-derived MSNs displayed enhanced neurite outgrowth and ramification, whereas synaptic density was similar to controls. Electrophysiological analysis revealed a pathologically elevated synaptic activity in ChAc MSNs. Treatment with the F-actin stabilizer phallacidin or the Src kinase inhibitor PP2 resulted in the significant reduction of disinhibited synaptic currents to healthy control levels, suggesting a Src kinase- and actin-dependent mechanism. This was underlined by increased G/F-actin ratios and elevated Lyn kinase activity in patient-derived MSNs. These data indicate that F-actin stabilization and Src kinase inhibition represent potential therapeutic targets in ChAc that may restore neuronal function.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTChorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease without a known cure. To gain pathophysiological insight, we newly established a humanin vitromodel using skin biopsies from ChAc patients to generate disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and developed an efficient iPSC differentiation protocol providing striatal medium spiny neurons. Using patch-clamp electrophysiology, we detected a pathologically enhanced synaptic activity in ChAc neurons. Healthy control levels of synaptic activity could be restored by treatment of ChAc neurons with the F-actin stabilizer phallacidin and the Src kinase inhibitor PP2. Because Src kinases are involved in bridging the membrane to the actin cytoskeleton by membrane protein phosphorylation, our data suggest an actin-dependent mechanism of this dysfunctional phenotype and potential treatment targets in ChAc.