bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Predisposing Risk Factors in Adolescent Male Water Polo Players
Authors: Yeral Aslı , Subaşı Feryal , Tekin Ata , Çil Elif Tuğçe , Mumcu Gonca , Yay Meral , Şaylı Uğur 
Published: October 2024

Background: Shoulder injuries are prevalent in adolescent water polo (WP) players. Study aimed to determine whether preseason shoulder characteristics (range of motion [ROM], flexibility, and strength) and core endurance can identify athletes at risk of future shoulder injuries. Hypothesis: Shoulder characteristics, including changes in ROM (internal rotation [IR], external rotation [ER], and total), strength (IR and ER), pectoralis minor flexibility, shoulder capsule flexibility, and core endurance, would be risk factors for shoulder reinjury in athletes with previous overuse injuries compared with noninjured athletes. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: At baseline, 53 male youth WP players (mean age, 16.6 ± 3.5 years) were assigned to Group 1 (with previous shoulder injuries [G1, n = 26]) and Group 2 (without previous shoulder injuries [G2, n = 27]). ROM, flexibility, strength, and core muscle endurance were assessed preseason. After a 12-month follow-up, players were again divided into those who developed new shoulder injuries (G3, n = 27) and those who remained healthy (G4, n = 26). Results: Total of 26 players (49%) had previous shoulder injuries at baseline. At baseline, decreased pectoralis minor flexibility, IR, total ROM, and core endurance were found in players with a previous shoulder injury compared with players without a previous shoulder injury ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: At baseline, a significant difference was present in proposed risk factors (shoulder and core endurance parameters) between players with and without a previous shoulder injury. Shoulder IR ROM and years of experience were significant predictors of shoulder injury. Early detection of modifiable proposed risk factors may help prevent reinjury in young athletes. Clinical Relevance: Screening at an early age can help identify and address pre-existing injuries, support youth athletes’ return to sport after a shoulder injury, prevent new injuries, and improve performance.
To What Extent Do Young Adults Meet the Five Needs for Independence? A Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Geurts Esther M. A. , Smit Anne K. , Wagner Stephanie , Leenders Hélène H. M. , Jansen Maria W. J. , Hoebe Christian J. P. A. , Reijs Rianne P. 
Published: October 2024

Young adults determined five needs which must be met to transition to adulthood: support, housing, study and work, income, and well-being. This study aimed to identify and describe subgroups of young adults and determine to what extent they meet the needs for independence, and to assess relations between subgroups and demographic characteristics. We conducted secondary data analysis of a population-based questionnaire, which included 2291 young adults (M age = 20.8 years, 71% female) living in South Limburg, the Netherlands. We adopted a person-centred approach, that is, latent class analysis, and identified four classes: Thriving (39%), Lacking support and well-being (29%), Widely struggling (18%) and Financially challenged (14%). Females and non-university students/graduates had higher odds of being members of the least thriving classes. Future research should focus on how support and cumulative disadvantage affect later life outcomes. We should broaden community, educational and institutional support systems to encourage and sustain meaningful relationships.
Behavior Change Techniques to Reduce Sugars Intake by Adolescents: A Systematic Review
Authors: Moores C.J. , Taylor A.M. , Cowap S. , Roberts R. , Gunasinghe K.A.M.M. , Moynihan P.J. 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The adolescent diet is high in sugars compared with other age groups. Effective approaches to support sugar reduction by adolescents are needed as part of caries prevention. Objective: To systematically review peer-reviewed evidence (1990 to 2023) to identify effective behavior change techniques (BCTs) for sugars reduction in adolescents aged 10 to 16 y. Methods: Nine databases (CINAHL, Cochrane, Dental and Oral Sciences Source, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched. Identified articles were screened independently in duplicate for eligibility. Interventions were eligible if they aimed to change adolescent dietary behavior(s) and reported pre- and postsugar-relevant outcome measures. Interventions from included studies were coded using a 93-item BCT Taxonomy (Michie Taxonomy v1). Risk of bias was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Evidence synthesis by vote counting (number of studies showing positive versus null or negative effects) was applied to BCTs that were present in more than 5 interventions. Results: Of 16,271 articles identified, 764 were screened in full, yielding 35 studies (in 43 papers), of which 3 were uncodeable. BCTs coded in interventions covered 11 of 16 BCT clusters and 25 of 93 individual BCTs in the BCT taxonomy. The median number of BCTs applied per study was 3 (interquartile range 2–6). Evidence synthesis indicated that the BCTs most positively associated with a positive reduction in sugars were (with the percentage of strong-/moderate-quality studies applying these techniques that successfully reduced sugars intake in brackets) feedback on behavior (100%), information on social and environmental consequences (100%), problem solving (75%), and social comparison (75%). Conclusion: Notwithstanding limitations in available data, the current evidence most strongly supports the use of BCTs relating to feedback on behavior, providing information on the social and environmental consequences, include problem solving and making social comparisons, to lower sugars intake in adolescents. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study will enable clinicians to provide more effective dietary advice when supporting dietary behavior change to reduce sugars intake in adolescents. The results may also be used by researchers to guide future directions for research into effective sugars reduction in adolescents.
“It’s Everybody’s and It’s Nobody’s Responsibility”: Stakeholder Perspectives on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Equity at the Nexus of Chronic Kidney Disease and Oral Health
Authors: Poirier B. , Sethi S. , Jamieson L. , Hedges J. 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The effects of racism, oppression, and colonization in Australia are reflected in the inequitable experience of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Despite having the highest incidence of CKD, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have the lowest rate of kidney transplant, with poor oral health commonly being an obstacle to receiving a transplant. This research reflects the exploratory phase of a larger project aimed at maximizing oral health outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people living with CKD in Australia through the provision of culturally secure dental care. Methods: The present research uses reflexive thematic analysis to analyze qualitative data from yarns, interviews, and focus groups with dental, renal, and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander stakeholders to generate a conceptual understanding of equity at the nexus of oral health and kidney health. NVivo software was used for organizing data and an inductive line-by-line coding approach. Results: Twenty-eight stakeholders participated; 12 of the stakeholders identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander, and most were female. Factors at the nexus of oral health and CKD included the continuous effects of colonization, the centrality of cultural security for improved care, as well as several challenges and opportunities at a system level. Challenges included the luxury of oral health access, limited health care team involvement in oral health pathways, high-intensity engagement with medical systems, and no communication between dental and renal teams. Opportunities identified included the role of integrated care, cross-discipline knowledge sharing, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leadership, clear referral pathways, prevention, and assistance with navigating the oral health system. Conclusion: We argue that collective responsibility for the oral health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people living with CKD is required for improved health and eligibility for kidney transplant. Cross-discipline collaboration is required to overcome the rigidness of the current colonial and biomedical model that silos oral health and CKD. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The siloed approach to management of oral health for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples with chronic kidney disease results in low knowledge sharing and communication across chronic disease management teams and can prevent kidney transplantation. Collective responsibility for oral health within this context is required to ensure that just and equitable access to kidney transplant can be achieved.
Use of Subsidized Health Services by Artists in Canada: An Exploratory Study
Authors: de Youngster Sesinam , Li Shelly-Anne 
Published: October 2024

Introduction Creative and performing artists are often confronted with precarious employment and insufficient healthcare coverage. A clinic in Canada that provides specialized healthcare to artists offers eligible artists subsidized health services. We aim to compare the use of health services, demographics and health conditions between subsidy artist recipients (SAs) and non-subsidy artists (NSAs). Methods We accessed existing data from 265 SAs and 711 NSAs and applied descriptive and inferential statistics to address our research questions. Results Musculoskeletal issues, stress, anxiety disorders, and depressive disorders are the most common health problems faced by SAs. Compared to NSAs, SAs were more likely to seek treatment for stress, but less likely to seek treatment for anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, chronic problems, and upper extremity problems. Discussion Future research may investigate the enduring effects of subsidized health services on SAs’ health outcomes. Sustained positive outcomes are crucial for maintaining an artist’s career and well-being.
Validation and correlation of high-sensitive troponin I and troponin T in the emergency department
Authors: Nseir Moustafa. , Mokhtari Arash. , Stanisic Mia. , Ekström Ulf. , Labaf Ashkan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Troponin elevation is frequently observed in various scenarios in the Emergency Department (ED), yet there is a paucity of studies investigating simultaneously measured high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) and troponin I (hs-cTnI) within a diverse cohort in a clinical setting.

Methods
All patients who underwent troponin testing at a single center were eligible for this study. Only patients with simultaneous samples with hs-cTnI (Siemens) and hs-cTnT (Roche) were included, regardless of chief complaint.

Results
Analysis of 1987 samples from 1134 patients showed a significant correlation between hs-cTnT and hs-cTnI (r = 0.86, p < 0.01). Of these samples, 65% exceeded the upper reference limit (URL) for hs-cTnT, and 30% for hs-cTnI with 39% who exhibited elevated hs-cTnT levels alongside normal hs-cTnI levels. The area under the curve (AUC) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) for the index visit was 0.80 (95% CI; 0.75–0.85) for hs-cTnT and 0.87 (95% CI; 0.83–0.91) for hs-cTnI. Sensitivity and specificity were 91% and 39% for hs-cTnT, and 80% and 80% for hs-cTnI. Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) was 9.3% and 98.5% for hs-cTnT respectively, corresponding for hs-cTnI was 21.3% and 98.3% respectively. Hazard ratios for 1-year mortality were 1.52 (95% CI; 1.40–1.66) for hs-cTnT and 1.26 (95% CI; 1.18–1.34) for hs-cTnI.

Conclusion
Elevated troponins above the URL were very common in this diverse cohort, particularly for hs-cTnT, which was twice as frequent compared to hs-cTnI, resulting in low specificity and PPV for AMI.
Clinical prediction models for the management of blunt chest trauma in the emergency department: a systematic review
Authors: Battle Ceri , Cole Elaine , Carter Kym , Baker Edward 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this systematic review was to investigate how clinical prediction models compare in terms of their methodological development, validation, and predictive capabilities, for patients with blunt chest trauma presenting to the Emergency Department.MethodsA systematic review was conducted across databases from 1st Jan 2000 until 1st April 2024. Studies were categorised into three types of multivariable prediction research and data extracted regarding methodological issues and the predictive capabilities of each model. Risk of bias and applicability were assessed.Results41 studies were included that discussed 22 different models. The most commonly observed study design was a single-centre, retrospective, chart review. The most widely externally validated clinical prediction models with moderate to good discrimination were the Thoracic Trauma Severity Score and the STUMBL Score.DiscussionThis review demonstrates that the predictive ability of some of the existing clinical prediction models is acceptable, but high risk of bias and lack of subsequent external validation limits the extensive application of the models. The Thoracic Trauma Severity Score and STUMBL Score demonstrate better predictive accuracy in both development and external validation studies than the other models, but require recalibration and / or update and evaluation of their clinical and cost effectiveness.Review registrationPROSPERO database (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=351638).
Effectiveness of the active communication education program in improving the general quality of life of older adults who use hearing aids: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Marcotti Anthony , Rivera Sebastián , Silva-Letelier Catherine , Galaz-Mella Javier , Fuentes-López Eduardo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Hearing loss in older adults affects general, generic health-related and disease-specific quality of life (QoL). The conventional strategy to address it is through hearing aids, which have been shown to improve disease-specific QoL. However, the long-term results regarding general quality of life are unknown, and communication problems and stigma associated with hearing loss may persist. An effective intervention strategy to address these problems is group communication programs, most notably Active Communication Education (ACE). This program has been shown to increase communication strategies and reduce communication activity limitations and participation restrictions. These precedents allow us to hypothesize that this program could improve general QoL.

Methods
A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 114 older adult hearing aid users. Fifty-four subjects composed the intervention group that received the ACE program, while 60 subjects composed the control group that received an informational-lectures type intervention. The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to measure general QoL. Measurements were taken before and right after the intervention, with follow-ups at 6 and 12 months. Multilevel linear mixed models were estimated, considering the WHOQOL-BREF dimension scores and total score as the outcomes, and an interaction term between time since intervention and group as the predictor. Within- and between-group comparisons were made.

Results
Compared to the baseline time-point, the ACE group showed significant improvements right after the intervention, and at the 6-month and 12-month follow-ups for the dimensions of psychological health, social relationships, environment, and total score. Compared to the control group, the ACE group exhibited significantly greater improvements in the social dimension at all postintervention assessments, as well as in the environment dimension and total score at the 12-month follow-up.

Conclusions
The ACE program improved general QoL in terms of social relationships and environment dimensions, which lasted up to 12 months after the intervention. Therefore, ACE is positioned as an effective complement for HA users, enhancing and delivering new benefits related to broader aspects of QoL not necessarily tied to health.

Trial registration
ISRCTN54021189 (retrospectively registered on 18/07/2023).
Primary lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) in the urinary bladder mimicking recurrent urinary tract infection: a case report and literature review
Authors: Liang Po-Sung , Shih Hung-Jen , Huang Sheng-Hsien , Chen Yi-Zhong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe report the case of a 79-year-old woman with primary lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in the urinary bladder. The patient, with urinary frequency, urgency and suprapubic pain had several emergency room visits due to recurrent urinary tract infection. Both sonogram and cystoscopy identified bladder tumors near the bladder neck. An abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan revealed a polypoid lesion on the anterior bladder wall without enlarged lymph nodes. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor was conducted. The pathology report confirmed extranodal marginal zone MALT lymphoma. The clinical stage was IEA. Follow-up imaging reported residual bladder tumors, prompting adjuvant radiotherapy. The patient was treated successfully and was disease-free at the 9-month follow-up visit. Primary lymphoma is an uncommon pathological subtype. Its clinical and radiological differentiation from urothelial carcinoma (UC) can be challenging, but treatment strategies differ significantly. A definitive diagnosis relies on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Typically, bladder lymphoma has a favorable prognosis, but further research is required to identify the optimal treatment.
Differential transcriptomic host responses in the early phase of viral and bacterial infections in human lung tissue explants ex vivo
Authors: Sohail Aaqib , Waqas Fakhar H. , Braubach Peter , Czichon Laurien , Samir Mohamed , Iqbal Azeem , de Araujo Leonardo , Pleschka Stephan , Steinert Michael , Geffers Robert , Pessler Frank 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
The first 24 h of infection represent a critical time window in interactions between pathogens and host tissue. However, it is not possible to study such early events in human lung during natural infection due to lack of clinical access to tissue this early in infection. We, therefore, applied RNA sequencing to ex vivo cultured human lung tissue explants (HLTE) from patients with emphysema to study global changes in small noncoding RNA, mRNA, and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA, lincRNA) populations during the first 24 h of infection with influenza A virus (IAV), Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Results
Pseudomonas aeruginosa caused the strongest expression changes and was the only pathogen that notably affected expression of microRNA and PIWI-associated RNA. The major classes of long RNAs (> 100 nt) were represented similarly among the RNAs that were differentially expressed upon infection with the three pathogens (mRNA 77–82%; lncRNA 15–17%; pseudogenes 4–5%), but lnc-DDX60-1, RP11-202G18.1, and lnc-THOC3-2 were part of an RNA signature (additionally containing SNX10 and SLC8A1) specifically associated with IAV infection. IAV infection induced brisk interferon responses, CCL8 being the most strongly upregulated mRNA. Single-cell RNA sequencing identified airway epithelial cells and macrophages as the predominant IAV host cells, but inflammatory responses were also detected in cell types expressing few or no IAV transcripts. Combined analysis of bulk and single-cell RNAseq data identified a set of 6 mRNAs (IFI6, IFI44L, IRF7, ISG15, MX1, MX2) as the core transcriptomic response to IAV infection. The two bacterial pathogens induced qualitatively very similar changes in mRNA expression and predicted signaling pathways, but the magnitude of change was greater in P. aeruginosa infection. Upregulation of GJB2, VNN1, DUSP4, SerpinB7, and IL10, and downregulation of PKMYT1, S100A4, GGTA1P, and SLC22A31 were most strongly associated with bacterial infection.

Conclusions
Human lung tissue mounted substantially different transcriptomic responses to infection by IAV than by BCG and P. aeruginosa, whereas responses to these two divergent bacterial pathogens were surprisingly similar. This HLTE model should prove useful for RNA-directed pathogenesis research and tissue biomarker discovery during the early phase of infections, both at the tissue and single-cell level.
Estimation of the biaxial tensile behavior of ovine esophageal tissue using artificial neural networks
Authors: Ngwangwa H. M. , Modungwa D. , Pandelani T. , Nemavhola F. J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDiseases of the esophagus affect its function and often lead to replacement of long sections of the organ. Current healing methods involve the use of bioscaffolds processed from other animal models. Although the properties of these animal models are not exactly the same as those of the human esophagus, they nevertheless present a reasonable means of assessing the biomechanical properties of the esophageal tissue. Besides, sheep bear many similarities physiologically to humans and they also suffer from same diseases as humans. The morphology of their esophagus is also comparable to that of humans. Thus, in the study, an ovine esophagus was studied. Studies on the planar biaxial tests of the gross esophageal anatomy are limited. The composite nature of the gross anatomy of the esophagus makes the application of structure-based models such as Holzapfel-type models very difficult. In current studies the tissue is therefore often separated into specific layers with substantial collagen content. The effects of adipose tissue and other non-collagenous tissue often make the mechanical behavior of the esophagus widely diverse and unpredictable using deterministic structure-based models. Thus, it may be very difficult to predict its mechanical behavior. In the study, an NARX neural network was used to predict the stress–strain response of the gross anatomy of the ovine esophagus. The results show that the NARX model was able to achieve a correlation above 99.9% within a fitting error margin of 16%. Therefore, the use of artificial neural networks may provide a more accurate way of predicting the biaxial stress–strain response of the esophageal tissue, and lead to further improvements in the design and development of synthetic replacement materials for esophageal tissue.