bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Potential Mechanisms of Danshen for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis based on Serum Pharmacochemistry, Gene Expression
Profiling, and Network Pharmacology: Regulation of Cell Apoptosis and Inflammatory Response
Authors: Zhai Run-Xiang , Wang Meng-Yu , Du Hai-Tao , Yan Chun-Xiao , Li Zi-Wei , Xu Kuo , Li Hui , Fu Xian-Jun , Ren Xia 
Published: October 2024

Background:
As a traditional Chinese medicine, Danshen shows potential efficacy
for treating ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the bioactive components and mode of action were
unclear.

Aim of this Study:
This paper uses a combination of network pharmacology, serum medicinal
chemistry, and gene expression profiling to clarify its possible molecular mechanism of action
and material basis.

Methods:
Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) was
utilized to analyze the herbal components and metabolites from the serum of Danshen-treated
mice. Gene expression profiles were applied to construct a database of Danshen action targets.
Then, active ingredient-target-biological functional module networks were constructed to analyze
the mechanism of action. Molecular docking has further confirmed the possibility of its
components to the targets.

Results:
As a result, 193 common targets between 1684 Danshen-related DEGs and 1492 UC
targets were determined as the potential targets for Danshen in treatment with UC. Serum
pharmacochemistry and target prediction showed that 22 components in serum acted on
777 targets. Intersection with common targets yielded 46 core targets, and an active ingredienttarget-
biological functional module network was constructed for analysis. Network prediction
and molecular docking results showed that the main action modules were inflammatory response
and cell apoptosis, which mainly acted on targets SRC, RELA, HSP90AA1, CTNNB1,
STAT3, and CASP3. The main components of Danshen intervention in UC were predicted to
include Catechol, 3,9-Dimethoxypterocarpan, 8-Prenylnaringenin, Isoferulic acid, Salvianolic
acid C, and Danshensu.

result:
As a result, 193 common targets between 1684 Danshen-related DEGs and 1492 UC targets were determined as the potential targets for Danshen in treatment with UC. Serum pharmacochemistry and target prediction showed that 22 components in serum acted on 777 targets. Intersection with common targets yielded 46 core targets, and an active ingredient-target-biological functional module network was constructed for analysis. Network prediction and molecular docking results showed that the main action modules were inflammatory response and cell apoptosis, which mainly acted on targets SRC, RELA, HSP90AA1, CTNNB1, STAT3, and CASP3. The main components of Danshen intervention in UC were predicted to include Catechol, 3,9-Dimethoxypterocarpan, 8-Prenylnaringenin, Isoferulic acid, Salvianolic acid C, and Danshensu. The present study provides a scientific foundation for further explicating the mechanisms of Danshen against UC.

Conclusion:
The present study provides a scientific foundation for further explicating the
mechanisms of Danshen against UC.
Prediction of Chemistry of Cocrystallization and its Realistic Impact on the Enhancement of Solubility and Dissolution of Telmisartan: Molecular mechanics, ab initio and Descriptor Analysis
Authors: Chakraborty Santanu , Dhibar Manami , Basak Souvik , Abourehab Mohammad A.S. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Cocrystal engineering of Telmisartan (TEL, a poorly soluble antihypertensive
agent) has been undertaken to improve its solubility for the last few years. However, apart from
a few handpicked attempts, none of the attempts have been able to improve its solubility by more
than 3-5 fold and augment its dissolution by more than 80%.

Method:
Addressing these shortcomings, herein, we have designed a novel Telmisartan-maleic acid
(TM) cocrystal first by rational modelling with solvent-induced molecular mechanics (SIMM), ab
initio based system optimization, descriptor analysis, and finally translating to cocrystals by wet
grinding-gradient solvent evaporation method.

Results:
Modelling revealed that binary solvent compared to single solvent imparted critical dynamics
to seeding the co-crystallite and its structural archipelago. From single solvent to binary solvent,
hydrogen bonding to nucleophilic addition of the coformer/s to the central ring revealed a crucial
role in assigning the system geometry. The molecular descriptor plot of the generated subsystems
(optimized by HF-SCF/def2-SVP method) showed that telmisartan: maleic acid molar ratio <=1:2
under ionizable conditions bear optimum hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity balance. Tonto-guided energy
calculation revealed O--H and H--H as the predominant interactions for the crystal packing.

Conclusion:
In translational research, our designed TM cocrystal (molar ratio 1:1.5 to 1:2, binary
solvent dynamics) exhibited solubility improvement by more than 9 fold in water and showed to
release about 92.19% of drugs within 2h (120 min), which superseded the previous reports in this
field so far.
Research Status and Key Technologies of Electromagnetic Catapult Technology for Shipboards
Authors: Liu Hongbo , Li Shuxin , Li Yuheng , Yang Xiaodong 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Electromagnetic (EM) catapult technology has gained wide attention
nowadays because of its significant advantages such as high launch kinetic energy, high system efficiency,
high launch frequency, fast activation time, strong sustained launch capability, and load
adjust ability.

Objective:
By analyzing the current research status and key technology classification of electromagnetic
catapult technology in shipboard aircraft, thinking about the future development direction
of electromagnetic catapult technology in shipboard aircraft, and proposing the feasibility of
the future development, this paper provides a reference for the readers.

Methods:
Through a large number of journals and patent research, system expounds the classification
of electromagnetic catapult technology and development process, introduces the working principle
of all kinds of electromagnetic catapult technology, summarizes the research status of electromagnetic
catapult technology, analyzes the key technology of energy storage, electric energy transformation
and control maintenance, and looked forward to its future development direction.

Results:
Through the research and analysis of different electromagnetic catapult technologies, all
of them have their shortcomings and need to be improved. Although the electromagnetic catapult
technology at the present stage has been put into use in shipboard aircraft, it still has many
problems such as insufficient launch quality, no major technical breakthroughs have been made in
the energy storage devices and high maintenance cost.

Conclusion:
Based on analyzing and comparing the current situation and key technologies of electromagnetic
catapult technology for shipboard aircraft, the future development trend of electromagnetic
catapult technology for shipboard aircraft is predicted, as one of the main research directions
in the future, the suspended contactless emission technology has obvious technical advantages
and good practical prospects.
Latest Patent for Rice Transplanter Mulching Device
Authors: Wang Yaping , Wei Xuebing , Zhu Xiaofei , Fan Yuqi , Li Shengbiao 
Published: October 2024

Background:
The planting technology of rice mulching and rice transplanting can effectively
control weed growth, reduce fertilizer loss, maintain surface temperature, improve fertilizer
utilization, reduce the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizer, and is a new mode of green rice cultivation.
The rice mulching device is a key component, and the quality of its mulching directly affects
the productivity and planting quality of rice. Additionally, obtaining an efficient rice transplanter
with an integrated rice transplanter for transplanting and mulching is the hot spot of research in this
field.

Objective:
By analyzing and discussing the patents of rice mulching cultivation technology research
and mechanical mulching devices, their development trend is summarized, which provides a reference
for the development of rice transplanter mulching devices.

Methods:
The research status of rice transplanter mulching devices in recent years is summarized,
and various mulching devices' structure types and applications are discussed.

Results:
By summarizing the patents on rice transplanter mulching devices, the current status of patent
applications was obtained, and the problems and future research direction of rice transplanter
mulching devices were discussed.

Conclusion:
In-depth study of various types of rice transplanter mulching devices, the existing rice
transplanter mulching device needs further improvement regarding the laying mechanism, the filmbreaking
mechanism, and the structural type of the mulching device. With the application of GPS,
sensor detection, information processing, automatic control, and other technologies in agricultural
machinery, rice transplanter filming is gradually developing in the direction of high speed, automation,
and intelligence.
Perceptions of the Use of Mobile Technologies for Smoking Cessation: Focus Group Study With Individuals of Low Socioeconomic Status Who Smoke
Authors: Wakeman Michael , Tesfaye Lydia , Gregory Tim , Leahy Erin , Kendrick Brandon , El-Toukhy Sherine 
Published: October 2024

Background
The use of mobile technologies to deliver behavioral health interventions, including smoking cessation support, has grown. Users’ perceptions are important determinants of the adoption and use of new technologies. However, little is known about users’ perceptions of mobile technologies as smoking cessation aids, particularly among disadvantaged individuals who smoke.

Objective
This study aimed to examine the acceptance of mobile technologies for smoking cessation among young adults with low socioeconomic status who smoke.

Methods
In total, 38 current cigarette smokers, 18 to 29 years old, who wanted to quit and did not have a 4-year college degree nor were enrolled in a 4-year college, participated in 12 semistructured digital focus groups. The moderation guide was guided by the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. Discussions were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded for the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology constructs (ie, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, performance expectancy, and social influence), sentiment (ie, negative, neutral, and positive), and purpose of using mobile technologies (ie, lifestyle and health management and smoking cessation) following a deductive thematic analysis approach.

Results
Participants had positive experiences using mobile technologies for lifestyle and health management, primarily for fitness and dietary purposes. Salient themes were facilitating conditions of use (44/80, 55%), with prior experiences and costs subthemes, followed by perceived usefulness of mobile technologies in helping users attain health goals (22/80, 27.50%), which were generally positive. Ease of use (11/80, 13.75%) and social influences (3/80, 3.75%) were minimally discussed. Conversely, participants had limited awareness of smoking cessation uses of mobile technologies, which was the primary barrier under facilitating conditions discussed (33/51, 64.70%). Participants expressed skepticism about the usefulness of mobile technologies in helping them quit smoking (14/51, 27.45%). Effort expectancy was not discussed, given participants’ limited prior use. Social influences on mobile technology use for smoking cessation were minimally discussed (4/51, 7.84%).

Conclusions
The use of mobile technologies for smoking cessation was unknown to young adults with low socioeconomic status who smoke. To reduce cigarette smoking and associated health disparities, increasing awareness and use of evidence-based mobile-based smoking cessation interventions are needed. Smoking cessation interventions should incorporate features perceived as useful and easy to use to capitalize on positive user experiences and the acceptability of mobile technologies for lifestyle and health management.
Incidence and Proportion of Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) among a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Adult Patient Population between 2010 and 2021
Authors: Munis Mercedes A. , Chen Qiaoling , Hill T. Matthew , Zhuo Min , Schachter Asher D. , Bhandari Simran K. , Hever Aviv , Harrison Teresa N. , Fernandes Ancilla W. , Sim John J. 
Published: October 2024

Key Points

Primary FSGS is a rare immune mediated glomerulopathy that accounted for 16.6% for all FSGS reported biopsies among a diverse patient population.From 2010 to 2021, the standardized incidence of primary FSGS was estimated at 1.7 cases per 100,000 patient-years.The highest incidence of primary FSGS was observed among Black (3.2) and Asian (2.7 cases per 100,000 patient-years) people.

Background
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) refers to a pattern of glomerular injury but also includes primary FSGS which is considered as an immune-mediated glomerulopathy. We sought to determine the incidence of primary FSGS and proportion of patients with FSGS who have primary FSGS among a large diverse patient population in the United States.

Methods
A cross-sectional study (2010–2021) was performed within an integrated health system in patients (age 18 or older) with biopsy-proven FSGS. Among biopsies with FSGS as the first diagnosis on pathology report, chart reviews were performed to determine primary FSGS, defined as podocyte foot process effacement ≥80% on electron microscopy. The proportion of patients with primary FSGS and annual incidence rate (IR) (per 100,000 patient-years) were calculated. Standardized IR were determined by age, sex, and race and ethnicity based on US population structure of the 5-year (2018–2022) American Community Survey estimates.

Results
We identified 3838 patients with FSGS reported on biopsy. Among 1502 with FSGS as the principal diagnosis, 637 met criteria for primary FSGS (mean [SD] age 55.5 years [17.9], 56.5% male, 35.6% Hispanic, 28.7% White, 17.9% Asian/Pacific Islander, and 16.0% Black). The mean standardized IR (confidence interval) of primary FSGS was 1.7 (0.9 to 2.5) per 100,000 patient-years during the study period. The standardized annual IR ranged from 1.3 to 2.4 per 100,000 patient-years. IR (per 100,000 patient-years) were highest among Black (3.2), Asian (2.7), and Pacific Islander (2.8) patients.

Conclusions
Primary FSGS accounted for 16.6% of biopsy-proven FSGS. Primary FSGS is a likely a rare disease with incidence highest among Black, Asian, and Pacific Islander people. More precise identification of primary FSGS may facilitate work to improve understanding of this glomerulopathy and improve kidney outcomes.
Enhanced Energy efficient routing protocol for OnDemand distance vector routing to improve communication in border area Military communication
Authors: M Sangeetha , S Parvathy , K Deiwakumari , T Veena , D Badrinarayan 
Published: October 2024

Soldiers get rescue services through static wireless node heliports and medical ambulance to provide special service, in a battle field. The Mobile Ad hoc Network environment takes wireless communication across border communication to connects the source of multiple serves in military applications. The mobile node acts as mobile equipment to rescue the soldier. Due to increasing delay tolerance and latency overhead the performance eon network is degraded, to resolve this problem , this paper concentrates on Region and Mobility based Route Request Processing in AODV (RMRRP) is proposed in controlling Route Request Processing mechanism based on node mobility for reducing the routing overhead in AODV. The routing algorithm which guarantees services to the soldier in a shortest time also evaluate the energy efficiency of RMRRP with the existing AODV, DSDV, DSR routing algorithms. Efficiently reduce the overall overhead to a considerable level and significantly improve the overall performance by finding a rectangular region as a forwarding zone and only the nodes within the rectangular region are allowed to forward the RREQ message from source to the destination, hence the overhead in establishment of a stable shortest path gets reduced very much. Network region is minimized. Routing request packets generated is less and route request is reduced. Region width is limited to 150m and within that covered area only route discovery and route maintenance is carried out. Control packets are reduced within the limited rectangular region and data packets are able to send more. Avoiding link breaks to send and receive more data packets with a limited number of control packets hence consumes considerable energy. Simulation result reveals that with nodes 50 the Packet delivery Fraction is 90.60 , Routing overhead is 11376, Normalized Routing Load is 3.61 , Throughput is 261.94Kbps, MAC Load is 39.17 , Energy consumption is 4.64 Joules.
Fome e as formas ocultas de desnutrição
Authors: Serfaty Claudio Alberto 
Published: October 2024

A desnutrição crônica e a fome são ameaças ao pleno desenvolvimento cerebral com grande potencial para comprometer gerações futuras, já que podem produzir impactos no desenvolvimento cerebral. Por este motivo, a desnutrição grave a fome constituem uma emergência de saúde pública, amplamente relacionada à mortalidade infantil e que necessita de pronta ação do poder público. Mas para além dos fatores visíveis da desnutrição nosso grupo chamou a atenção para formas mais sutis que se apresentam com pequenas (ou nenhuma) alterações de padrões antropométricos. Estamos falando de formas ocultas de desnutrição provocadas pela carência nutricional de nutrientes essenciais, ou seja, aqueles que dependem exclusivamente da dieta: o aminoácido triptofano e os ácidos graxos ômega-3. Neste artigo vamos rever os conceitos de refinamento de circuitos neurais e períodos críticos do desenvolvimento a partir de estudos em modelos animais, incluindo as interações neuroimunes reveladas nos últimos anos. Também vamos rever os estudos que mostram que a desnutrição de nutrientes essenciais, pode causar sérios impactos no desenvolvimento do sistema nervoso central com repercussões sobre distúrbios do desenvolvimento como o TEA, a esquizofrenia, ou mesmo déficits de aprendizagem observados em crianças neurotípicas.
Desafios na Implementação da Educação Patrimonial na Assistência Estudantil:
Authors: Luzes Jessica Suzano 
Published: October 2024

Como as universidades contribuem para a educação patrimonial em um país? São instituições sociais que formam profissionais nas áreas de história, conservação, restauração, entre outros, mas para além do compromisso com as especificidades destas variadas áreas de saber, pretende-se enfocar o desenvolvimento integral do estudante. Esse enfoque se fundamenta no amplo debate sobre a inclusão da cultura e sua diversidade como um dos objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável (ODS), um desafio que atravessa diferentes áreas das políticas públicas, como evidenciado na meta 4.7, que associa a educação inclusiva e equitativa de qualidade ao acesso aos bens culturais.
Nesse contexto surge o projeto "Trajetos Culturais", realizado pela Pró-reitoria de Políticas Estudantis (PR7) da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Esse projeto oferece visitas guiadas a espaços culturais para estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação, muitos dos quais em situação de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica. O foco está na análise histórica desse projeto, realizado entre 2018 e 2023, coordenado pela equipe multidisciplinar da Divisão de Esporte, Cultura e Lazer (DECULT) PR7/UFRJ. Parte-se de uma análise ex-ante que considera o contexto das políticas no âmbito da assistência estudantil, o desenvolvimento de um projeto experimental no âmbito da cultura, o "Ônibus cultural". A análise ex-post se apresenta em resultado e discussões, que possibilitam resultados e impactos concretos, tendo como referência as diretrizes da educação patrimonial do Brasil, conforme a portaria nº 137, de 28 de abril de 2016. Ambas as formas de avaliação (prévia e posterior) envolvem uma análise exploratória de variáveis qualitativas registradas nos formulários de inscrição dos participantes, todos analisados por meio de técnicas de Data Science Analytics. Como considerações finais, assinala-se os feedbacks dos participantes dessas ações.
Influence of various organic nutrient management technologies on microbial abundance, growth, and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under field conditions
Authors: Panhwar Qurban Ali , Ali Amanat , Depar Nizamuddin 
Published: October 2024

A field study (three years) was carried out to evaluate the outcome of various organic nutrient management technologies including farmyard manure (FYM) and poultry manure (PM) integrated with chemical fertilizers for microbial dynamics and growth and yield of rice at Experimental Farm of Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA), Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan. The most broadly grown rice variety, NIA-Shandar was selected for this study. The experiment involved integrating organic technologies, specifically Farm Yard Manure (FYM) and Poultry Manure (PM), each applied at 10 tons per hectare. These organic technologies were combined with varying levels of inorganic fertilizers: half (60 kg N ha-1 and 45 kg P2O5 ha-1) and full (120 kg N ha-1 and 90 kg P2O5 ha-1) recommended doses. Additionally, zinc was applied at 10 kg ha-1. The study employed a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications to assess treatment effects. Both organic technologies perform better for microbial dynamics and rice growth and yield enhancement either alone technology or combined with chemical fertilizers during three rice seasons. The maximum general microbial abundance (9.70 log10 CFU g soil-1), N2 fixing (7.37 log10 CFU g soil-1), P solubilizing (7.97 log10 CFU g soil-1) and Zn solubilizing(6.75 log10 CFU g soil-1) population was recorded in FYM alone or with half N and P2O5 fertilizer application. The highest plant height (106 cm), tiller numbers(17.10), panicle numbers (26.53), panicle length (26.32 cm), one thousand grainweight (26.53 g) and rice grain yield (7.92 t ha-1) were perceived in FYM with full rate N and P2O5 fertilizer application. Both technologies along with chemical fertilizer induced soil properties and soil nutrients which reflected to increase soil microbial abundance and growth and yield of rice however, FYM showed higher potential than poultry manure during the three years rice cultivation seasons. Hence, it was indicated that a significant contribution to the development of sustainable agricultural technologies that prioritize soil health,environmental stewardship, and food security.