bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway Facilitates Resistance to the Src Inhibitor Dasatinib in Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Beadnell Thomas C. , Mishall Katie M. , Zhou Qiong , Riffert Stephen M. , Wuensch Kelsey E. , Kessler Brittelle E. , Corpuz Maia L. , Jing Xia , Kim Jihye , Wang Guoliang , Tan Aik Choon , Schweppe Rebecca E. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Advanced stages of papillary and anaplastic thyroid cancer represent a highly aggressive subset, in which there are currently few effective therapies. We and others have recently demonstrated that c-SRC is a key mediator of growth, invasion, and metastasis, and therefore represents a promising therapeutic target in thyroid cancer. However, clinically, Src inhibitor efficacy has been limited, and therefore further insights are needed to define resistance mechanisms and determine rational combination therapies. We have generated four thyroid cancer cell lines with a greater than 30-fold increase in acquired resistance to the Src inhibitor dasatinib. Upon acquisition of dasatinib resistance, the two RAS-mutant cell lines acquired the c-SRC gatekeeper mutation (T341M), whereas the two BRAF-mutant cell lines did not. Accordingly, Src signaling was refractory to dasatinib treatment in the RAS-mutant dasatinib-resistant cell lines. Interestingly, activation of the MAPK pathway was increased in all four of the dasatinib-resistant cell lines, likely due to B-Raf and c-Raf dimerization. Furthermore, MAP2K1/MAP2K2 (MEK1/2) inhibition restored sensitivity in all four of the dasatinib-resistant cell lines, and overcame acquired resistance to dasatinib in the RAS-mutant Cal62 cell line, in vivo. Together, these studies demonstrate that acquisition of the c-SRC gatekeeper mutation and MAPK pathway signaling play important roles in promoting resistance to the Src inhibitor dasatinib. We further demonstrate that up-front combined inhibition with dasatinib and MEK1/2 or ERK1/2 inhibitors drives synergistic inhibition of growth and induction of apoptosis, indicating that combined inhibition may overcome mechanisms of survival in response to single-agent inhibition. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(8); 1952–63. ©2016 AACR.
Predicting Adverse Outcomes After Myocardial Infarction Among Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Arnold Suzanne V. , Spertus John A. , Jones Philip G. , McGuire Darren K. , Lipska Kasia J. , Xu Yaping , Stolker Joshua M. , Goyal Abhinav , Kosiborod Mikhail 
Published: May 2016

Background—
Although patients with diabetes mellitus experience high rates of adverse events after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), including death and recurrent ischemia, some diabetic patients are likely at low risk, whereas others are at high risk. We sought to develop prediction models to stratify risk after AMI in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Methods and Results—

We developed prediction models for long-term mortality and angina among 1613 patients with diabetes mellitus discharged alive after AMI from 24 US hospitals and then validated the models in a separate, multicenter registry of 786 patients with diabetes mellitus. Event rates in the derivation cohort were 27% for 5-year mortality and 27% for 1-year angina. Parsimonious prediction models demonstrated good discrimination (
c
-indices=0.78 and 0.69, respectively) and excellent calibration. Within the context of the predictors we estimated, the strongest predictors for mortality were higher creatinine, not working at the time of the AMI, older age, lower hemoglobin, left ventricular dysfunction, and chronic heart failure. The strongest predictors for angina were angina burden in the 4 weeks before the AMI, younger age, history of prior coronary bypass graft surgery, and non-white race. The lowest and highest deciles of predicted risk ranged from 4% to 80% for mortality and 12% to 59% for angina. The models also performed well in external validation (
c
-indices=0.78 and 0.73, respectively).

Conclusions—
We found a wide range of risk for adverse outcomes after AMI in diabetic patients. Predictive models can identify patients with diabetes mellitus for whom closer follow-up and aggressive secondary prevention strategies should be considered.
Smoking–Thrombolysis Relationship Depends on Ischemic Stroke Subtype
Authors: Tong Xu , Wang Chunjuan , Liao Xiaoling , Pan Yuesong , Yan Hongyi , Cao Yibin , Liu Liping , Zheng Huaguang , Zhao Xingquan , Wang Chunxue , Li Hao , Wang David , Wang Yilong , Wang Yongjun 
Published: May 2016

Background and Purpose—
The relationship between smoking and the outcome in patients received thrombolysis is undetermined. The outcome could be influenced by different stroke subtypes. This study aimed to explore whether smoking had any impact on the outcome in patients with stroke of different subtypes who received intravenous thrombolysis.

Methods—
All patients who received intravenous thrombolysis within 4.5 hours after symptom onset from the Thrombolysis Implementation and Monitor of Acute Ischemic Stroke in China (TIMS-China) database were eligible to be entered into this analysis. Smokers were considered if they smoked at least 1 cigarette/d for >6 months before stroke. Ischemic stroke subtype was classified by using the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment criteria. Outcome measurements included post–intravenous thrombolysis symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within 7 days, mortality, and functional independence at 90 days. The relationship between smoking and thrombolysis was analyzed by using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.

Results—
Of 1118 patients enrolled, we identified 454 smokers and 664 nonsmokers. After stratifying for ischemic stroke subtypes, multivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between smoking and functional independence in patients with noncardioembolism stroke subtypes (large artery atherosclerosis: odds ratio [OR], 1.452; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.053–2.264; small artery occlusion: OR, 4.275; 95% CI, 1.098–16.649; other: OR, 3.120; 95% CI, 1.162–8.373). Furthermore, smoking was specially related to lower rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (OR, 0.316; 95% CI, 0.120–0.832) and mortality (OR, 0.272; 95% CI, 0.128–0.577) in patients with large artery atherosclerosis subtype.

Conclusions—
In patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis, smoking could be related to a better chance of functional independence if their subtype of stroke was noncardioembolic, and a lower risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and mortality in those with large artery atherosclerosis.
Nocturnal Desaturation in the Stroke Unit Is Associated With Wake-Up Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Kim Tae Jung , Ko Sang-Bae , Jeong Han-Gil , Lee Ji Sung , Kim Chi Kyung , Kim Yerim , Nam Kiwoong , Mo Heejung , Joon An Sang , Choi Huimahn Alex , Yoon Byung-Woo 
Published: May 2016

Background and Purpose—
Wake-up stroke (WUS) represents a quarter of all ischemic strokes and may be a specific subgroup. Nocturnal desaturation secondary to sleep-disordered breathing is an independent risk factor for stroke, but the association between nocturnal desaturation and WUS remains unclear. We investigated the relationship between nocturnal desaturation using oxygen desaturation index and WUS in patients with acute stroke in the stroke unit.

Methods—

A total of 298 patients admitted for acute ischemic stroke to the stroke unit between July 2013 and May 2015 were enrolled. The oxygen desaturation index was calculated using pulse oximetry data sampled every 1 minute during 9 hours on the first night (10:00
pm
–7:00
am
) of the stroke unit admission, and nocturnal desaturation was defined as an oxygen desaturation index of 5 at least per hour. We compared the clinical characteristics and nocturnal desaturations between patients with and without WUS.

Results—

Among all patients (age, 67.7±12.6 years; male, 54.4%), 26.5% patients had WUS. The proportion of nocturnal desaturation was significantly greater in patients admitted with WUS (29.1% versus 12.3%,
P
=0.001). The age, sex, risk factors except for hyperlipidemia, stroke severity, and stroke mechanisms were similar between the 2 groups. After adjustment for covariates, it was found that nocturnal desaturation was significantly more common in the WUS group (odds ratio, 3.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.63–6.46).

Conclusions—
Nocturnal desaturation was more frequently observed in patients admitted with WUS during the first night in the stroke unit. This suggests that nocturnal desaturation is a possible modifiable risk factor for the occurrence of WUS.
The Non-Gaussianity and Spatial Asymmetry of Temperature Extremes Relative to the Storm Track: The Role of Horizontal Advection
Authors: Garfinkel Chaim I. , Harnik Nili 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe distribution of near-surface and tropospheric temperature variability in midlatitudes is distinguishable from a Gaussian in meteorological reanalysis data; consistent with this, warm extremes occur preferentially poleward of the location of cold extremes. To understand the factors that drive this non-Gaussianity, a dry general circulation model and a simple model of Lagrangian temperature advection are used to investigate the connections between dynamical processes and the occurrence of extreme temperature events near the surface. The non-Gaussianity evident in reanalysis data is evident in the dry model experiments, and the location of extremes is influenced by the location of the jet stream and storm track. The cause of this in the model can be traced back to the synoptic evolution within the storm track leading up to cold and warm extreme events: negative temperature extremes occur when an equatorward propagating high–low couplet (high to the west) strongly advects isotherms equatorward over a large meridional fetch over more than two days. Positive temperature anomalies occur when a poleward propagating low–high couplet (low to the west) advects isotherms poleward over a large meridional fetch over more than two days. The magnitude of the extremes is enhanced by the meridional movement of the systems. Overall, horizontal temperature advection by storm track systems can account for the warm/cold asymmetry in the latitudinal distribution of the temperature extremes.
Republication of “Educational Services for the Severely and Profoundly Handicapped1”
Authors: Haring Norris G. 
Published: May 2016

Editor’s Note The middle part of the 1970s marked the beginning of an era of enhanced concern for the education, treatment, and care of individuals with severe disabilities. For our republished article in this issue of the Journal of Special Education’s ( JSE) 50th anniversary volume, we have selected a piece by Dr. Norris Haring, founding President of the advocacy organization known as TASH and one of the individuals, if not THE individual, who was at the forefront of the movement to improve the lives of people with severe disabilities. Working at the University of Washington, Haring and colleagues spearheaded efforts to develop and disseminate interventions and proven practices for this group of individuals with exceptionalities and their families. Looking back, there have been great changes from personnel preparation, parent involvement and training, and community support efforts, but despite important advances in these and other areas, great needs remain.
Monoscopic photogrammetry to obtain 3D models by a mobile device: A method for making facial prostheses
Authors: Salazar-Gamarra Rodrigo , Seelaus Rosemary , da Silva Jorge Vicente Lopes , da Silva Airton Moreira , Dib Luciano Lauria 
Published: May 2016

Purpose The aim of this study is to present the development of a new technique to obtain 3D models using photogrammetry by a mobile device and free software, as a method for making digital facial impressions of patients with maxillofacial defects for the final purpose of 3D printing of facial prostheses. Methods With the use of a mobile device, free software and a photo capture protocol, 2D captures of the anatomy of a patient with a facial defect were transformed into a 3D model. The resultant digital models were evaluated for visual and technical integrity. The technical process and resultant models were described and analyzed for technical and clinical usability. Results Generating 3D models to make digital face impressions was possible by the use of photogrammetry with photos taken by a mobile device. The facial anatomy of the patient was reproduced by a *.3dp and a *.stl file with no major irregularities. 3D printing was possible. Conclusions An alternative method for capturing facial anatomy is possible using a mobile device for the purpose of obtaining and designing 3D models for facial rehabilitation. Further studies must be realized to compare 3D modeling among different techniques and systems. Clinical implication Free software and low cost equipment could be a feasible solution to obtain 3D models for making digital face impressions for maxillofacial prostheses, improving access for clinical centers that do not have high cost technology considered as a prior acquisition.
Induced polarization response of porous media with metallic particles — Part 4: Detection of metallic and nonmetallic targets in time-domain induced polarization tomography
Authors: Mao Deqiang , Revil André , Hinton John 
Published: May 2016

Time-domain induced polarization (TDIP) is a nonintrusive imaging technique of the subsurface that can be used to localize polarizable bodies including metallic objects and clay-rich materials. We first reviewed recent advances in the interpretation of induced polarization data. Then, we performed laboratory and sandbox experiments to determine the frequency-domain and TDIP signature of (1) a metal bar in sand, (2) dispersed semiconductors (e.g., pyrite) in sand, and (3) bentonite. In the case of the sandbox experiments, the three types of bodies were localized in the center of the sandbox, which was filled with water-saturated sand. We determined that chargeability was the best parameter to characterize metallic bodies (the metallic bar and the dispersed pyrite), whereas normalized chargeability was the best parameter to characterize the cation exchange capacity and therefore the clay content of the subsurface at a given clay mineralogy. For interpretation purposes, it was therefore important to display the right parameters in TDIP depending on the type of target we wanted to image for engineering applications.
IL-17A Exacerbates Fibrosis by Promoting the Proinflammatory and Profibrotic Function of Orbital Fibroblasts in TAO
Authors: Fang Sijie , Huang Yazhuo , Wang Shuaiwei , Zhang Yidan , Luo Xuerui , Liu Luyan , Zhong Sisi , Liu Xingtong , Li Dan , Liang Rui , Miranda Piccioni , Gu Ping , Zhou Huifang , Fan Xianqun , Li Bin 
Published: May 2016

Context:
The development of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is associated with self-immune dysfunction. Recent findings in TAO and Graves' disease indicate that IL-17A may also be involved in the autoimmunity of TAO.

Objective:
We sought to investigate the pathogenic function of IL-17A-producing T cells in TAO.

Design/Setting/Participants:
Blood samples and orbital fibroblasts (OFs) were collected from TAO patients and healthy subjects.

Main Outcome Measures:
Flow cytometry, real-time PCR, cytokine-specific ELISA, and Western blotting were performed.

Results:
Here, we showed a significantly higher proportion of IL-17A-producing T cells in TAO patients and the recruitment of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in TAO orbits. TAO orbital tissues expressed more IL-17A receptor, IL-17A, and its related cytokines, with severe fibrotic change compared with normal controls. Furthermore, we validated that IL-17A could enhance the proinflammatory function of OFs and stimulate the production of extracellular matrix proteins in OFs but not eyelid fibroblasts. The mechanisms involved in this enhancement mainly relied on MAPK activation. Finally, we observed that the deubiquitinase inhibitor vialinin A could down-regulate retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor-γt expression and decrease IL-17A level in TAO patients.

Conclusion:
Our observations illustrate the potential pathogenic role of IL-17A-producing T cells in the inflammatory response and fibrosis of TAO. The effect of vialinin A on the reduction of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor-γt level implicates its potential role as a novel therapeutic agent for TAO and other autoimmune disorders in the future.
Stenting of the Lateral Sinus in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension According to the Type of Stenosis
Authors: Lenck Stéphanie , Vallée Fabrice , Labeyrie Marc-Antoine , Touitou Valérie , Saint-Maurice Jean-Pierre , Guillonnet Antoine , Tantot Audrey , Crassard Isabelle , Bernat Anne-Laure , Houdart Emmanuel 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Over the past decade, stenting of lateral sinus stenosis has been used to treat idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Two types of stenoses have been identified: extrinsic and intrinsic.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to report the results of our use of this procedure to treat patients with extrinsic or intrinsic stenoses in idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

METHODS: We retrospectively studied clinical, radiological, and manometric data from patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension who were treated at our institution between January 2009 and January 2015 by stenting of the lateral sinus.

RESULTS: Data were studied from 19 women and 2 men. Average body mass index was 29 kg/m2, and the median age at stenting was 33 years. Patients with extrinsic stenoses were younger than those with intrinsic stenoses. Transstenotic gradients measured with patients under general anesthesia were lower than those measured with patients under local anesthesia. In all cases, stenting was effective for papilledema and pulsatile tinnitus. Seventeen patients reporting headaches found that they disappeared completely after stenting. Two complications without long-term effects were reported.

CONCLUSION: Irrespective of the type of stenosis, stenting of lateral sinus stenoses is an effective treatment for intracranial hypertension symptoms. At our institution, this treatment has replaced draining of cerebrospinal fluid when treatment with acetazolamide has proved to be ineffective.
Causes and consequences of fleet diversity in fisheries: The case of the Norwegian Barents Sea cod fishery
Authors: Eide Arne 
Published: May 2016

AbstractFisheries operate under fluctuating environmental conditions, targeting fish stocks that appear in varying densities in different areas, often with abrupt and unexpected local changes. Physical conditions, markets and management regulations constrain vessels in different and varying ways. These factors all contribute to forming the fleet diversity we find in most fisheries. Here, a simulation model of the Northeast Arctic cod fishery is used in order to investigate how this diversity is formed and maintained, assuming rational economic behaviour under varying combined constraints. The study also focuses on how the ability of vessels to find fish influences fleet diversity, profitability, stock development and seasonal profiles of the fishery. Results indicate that an increased ability to target the most profitable fishing grounds may influence fleet diversity positively or negatively, depending on overall exploitation level. High exploitation rates also increase the temporal fluctuations in fleet diversity and profits, which are amplified as the fish-finding ability increases.
Victim of your dreams: A review of negativity and melancology in black metal theory and the arts of Xasthur
Authors: McWilliams Jesse 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The inherent criticisms presented by black metal and black metal theory demonstrate that the fallacies of ontology rest upon the illusion of coherent organization. This blackness consumes the human perspective and reveals a nothingness that penetrates all interpretations and purpose. In melancology, this epistemic darkness of black metal is directed upon the false human foundations of identity and orientation, negating the principles from which notions of value and agency originate. Black metal is then a misanthropic art that demonstrates the futility of moral ideologies. The present discussion examines these criticisms and explores the themes of pessimism, melancology, and misanthropy in examples derived from the black metal music of Xasthur.
Lechery, lycanthropy and Little Red Riding Hood in Type O Negative’s ‘Wolf Moon (Including Zoanthropic Paranoia)’
Authors: Digioia Amanda 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Type O Negative’s ‘Wolf Moon (including Zoanthropic Paranoia)’ seems to be a melodic ode to lascivious werewolves or to sexual intercourse during menstruation, which is transformative, allowing participation to channel animalistic instincts. Subject to more critical examination, ‘Wolf Moon (including Zoanthropic Paranoia)’ can also be presented as a contemporary incarnation of the ‘Little Red Riding Hood’ myth. Both contain the same themes: the stigmatization of eroticism, reclamation of agency, along with the nuances of gender identity and representation. Any Women’s Studies programme student is attuned to how storytelling and imagery of those within the story influence gender roles and their perceptions. Real-life themes are undoubtedly found within fairy tales as well, with a special emphasis on how women who do not remain in their proper place are punished because of it. In ‘Wolf Moon (including Zoanthropic Paranoia)’, the woman is rewarded for those experiences, by being permitted to indulge in her darkest desires. Meeting (or meating) a wolf that is hungry for you is nothing to fear in Type O Negative’s version of ‘Little Red Riding Hood’. Instead, it is the hallmark of a ‘great day’, and is something that should be celebrated. As ‘Little Red Riding Hood’ traverses onward throughout the western society’s cultural consciousness, one can only hope for further metal music acts interpretations of this infamous fairy tale. Representation matters, and the nuances of how the female gender has been portrayed throughout the centuries as reflected in the re-telling of a fairy tale is a subject that warrants a closer look through metal music and gender.
An introduction to complexism
Authors: Galanter Philip 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Interdisciplinary studies that would create deep connections between science and the arts and humanities face the daunting task of bridging two diametrically opposed worldviews. The clash of the modernist Enlightenment values of science with the postmodern sceptical values of the humanities came to a dramatic height with the Sokal Hoax and so called ‘science wars’ of the 1990s. There is now an uneasy ceasefire, but the fundamental contradictions persist between the two cultures. Complexism is an attempt to create a new synthesis suggested by the attitudes and worldview that arises from the scientific study of complex systems. An overview of key concepts from complexity science is offered. Complexism is then presented as a point-by-point analysis reconciling the diametrically opposed positions of modernity in the sciences and postmodernity in the humanities despite their apparently incommensurate paradigms. The special role of networks, and a corresponding process-oriented ontology, is proposed as an alternative to the flawed network theories current in the humanities. Finally two examples of how complexism can be applied are detailed. A complexist theory of authorship is offered, as is a new view of formalism in the arts.