bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rearing conditions affected responses of weaned pigs to organic acids showing a positive effect on digestibility, microflora and immunity
Authors: Wang Yu. , Kuang Yiwen , Zhang Yalin , Song Yumo , Zhang Xiaoling , Lin Yan , Che Lianqiang , Xu Shengyu , Wu De. , Xue Bai , Fang Zhengfeng 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThree experiments were conducted to assess the response of weaned pigs to organic acid SF3, which contains 34% calcium formate, 16% calcium lactate, 7% citric acid and 13% medium chain fatty acids. Dietary treatments had no effect on growth performance of piglets (21‐day weaning) fed the commercial prestart diet for 1 week before receiving the experimental diets supplemented with SF3 at 0, 3 or 5 g/kg diet (Exp. 1), whereas diarrhea frequency averaged across a week was decreased by SF3 supplementation (5 g/kg diet) in piglets fed the experimental diets immediately after weaning (Exp. 2). In Exp. 3, piglets (28‐day weaning) were fed the control (containing pure colistin sulfate and enramycin, respectively, at 20 mg/kg diet) for 1 week and then were fed the control or SF3‐supplemented (5 g/kg diet) diet for 2 weeks. The SF3‐fed piglets had greater apparent ileal digestibility of calcium and dry matter, while also demonstrating greater overall gross energy, up‐regulated jejunal expression of sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐1 and transforming growth factor‐β, down‐regulated jejunal expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, higher ileal Lactobacillus, with lower total bacteria content, lower plasma TNF‐α but higher IgG levels than the control‐fed piglets. Collectively, SF3 consumption improved diarrhea resistance of weaned pigs by improving nutrient digestibility, piglet immunity and intestinal bacteria profile. © 2016 Japanese Society of Animal Science
A comparison of plasma glucose and oxidative status in lactating dairy cows in summer and autumn
Authors: Kurokawa Yuzo , Yamashita Rina , Okita Miki , Yoshitoshi Rena , Sugino Toshihisa , Obitsu Taketo , Kawamura Kensuke 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the hot summer season on plasma glucose and oxidative stress markers. For two 14‐day experimental periods, namely periods 1 (July‐August) and 2 (October‐November), 12 and 14 lactating dairy cows, respectively, that were milked using an automatic milking system, were fed diets containing similar ingredients, and their milk production, plasma metabolites and oxidative status markers were investigated. Dry matter intake and milk yield were not affected by the experimental period. Rectal temperature at 18.00 hours and milk protein concentration in period 1 were higher and lower, respectively, than in period 2 (P < 0.05), suggesting that the hot summer season had an effect on the experimental dairy cows. Plasma glucose and the ascorbic acid + dehydroascorbic acid (AA) concentrations in period 1 were lower than in period 2 (P < 0.01). The plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration did not differ between the experimental periods. The increase in the cellular AA uptake in peripheral tissues in period 1 might be a possible compensatory mechanism to balance the occurrence of reactive oxygen species and the antioxidant capacity in the cells, resulting in the absence of an effect of the hot summer season on plasma MDA concentration. © 2016 Japanese Society of Animal Science
Tissue responses to fractional transient heating with sinusoidal heat flux condition on skin surface
Authors: Ezzat Magdy A. , El‐bary Alaa A. , Al‐sowayan Noorah S. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA fractional model of Bioheat equation for describing quantitatively the thermal responses of skin tissue under sinusoidal heat flux conditions on skin surface is given. Laplace transform technique is used to obtain the solution in a closed form. The resulting formulation is applied to one‐dimensional application to investigate the temperature distribution in skin with instantaneous surface heating for different cases. According to the numerical results and its graphs, conclusion about the fractional bioheat transfer equation has been constructed. Sensitivity analysis is performed to explore the thermal effects of various control parameters on tissue temperature. The comparisons are made with the results obtained in the case of the absence of time‐fractional order. © 2016 Japanese Society of Animal Science
Provision of Meaningful Care at Diagnosis, Birth, and after Stillbirth: A Qualitative Synthesis of Parents' Experiences
Authors: Lisy Karolina , Peters Micah D. J. , Riitano Dagmara , Jordan Zoe , Aromataris Edoardo 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe care provided to parents experiencing stillbirth can have significant and lasting impacts on their immediate and long‐term psychological well being. The aim of this qualitative synthesis was to investigate parents' experiences of care received during and after stillbirth.MethodsQualitative findings extracted from 20 included studies were pooled using a meta‐aggregative approach.ResultsFour meta‐syntheses encompassing parents' experiences of care at diagnosis of stillbirth, induction and birth, immediately postbirth and onwards, revealed care strategies that parents appreciated and found helpful, and also actions and behaviors that were distressing. Helpful strategies included a warm and sensitive communication style, provision of clear and understandable information, shared decision making, and respect for individual needs and preferences. Parents appreciated guidance from health care professionals about seeing and holding, including being prepared for their baby's possible appearance, information on how to spend time with their baby, and collection of memorabilia. After stillbirth, offers of follow‐up care, including referrals for professional support, were appreciated.ConclusionsCare received during and after stillbirth may have lasting impacts on parents' future well being. Health care professionals may aid in improving parents' well being after stillbirth by providing care that is cognizant of parents' emotional states. Care strategies arising from the findings of this review are suggested.
The impact of health anxiety in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: Misperception, misattribution and quality of life
Authors: Hayter Aimee L. , Salkovskis Paul M. , Silber Eli , Morris Robin G. 
Published: January 2016

ObjectivesMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive disease with an unpredictable prognosis. Previous studies have reported health anxiety within the MS population. This study examines the effect of health anxiety on MS patients’ quality of life (QoL) and evaluates the potential contribution of cognitive factors in maintaining health anxiety.MethodsA total of 84 patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) were screened for health anxiety. From this sample, a group with relatively high and another group with low anxiety (n = 21 in each group) were identified. A further 21 healthy controls were recruited for comparison. A measure of QoL was then completed. Cognitive biases were investigated by measuring perception and attribution of common bodily symptoms as well as appraisal of performance on neuropsychological and physical fatigue tests.ResultsThe high health anxiety group reported poorer QoL relative to the other groups, independent of level of disability. They were also more likely to misattribute common bodily changes to MS, and perceive their (objectively intact) performance on tests of cognition and fatigue as being impaired, attributing the cause of impairment to MS.ConclusionHealth anxiety may be a factor in mediating the psychosocial impact of MS. Skilled psychological treatment which changes misperception and misattribution may significantly benefit patients with MS and elevated health anxiety.Practitioner PointsClinical implications

Health anxiety impacts on quality of life in patients with MS even when disability and other measures of psychological distress are taken into account.

High levels of health anxiety distort perceptions of symptoms in patients with MS in line with the predictions made by the cognitive model of health anxiety.

Limitations of study

This study is limited to patients with RRMS within the relatively early stages of their disease and is based on a small sample size.

Health anxiety is correlated with measures of generalized anxiety, depression, and worry, although it is found to have a unique impact on quality of life in patients with MS.
Prostate‐specific antigen patterns in US and European populations: comparison of six diverse cohorts
Authors: Simpkin Andrew J. , Donovan Jenny L. , Tilling Kate , Athene Lane J. , Martin Richard M. , Albertsen Peter C. , Bill‐Axelson Anna , Ballentine Carter H. , Bosch J. L. H Ruud , Ferrucci Luigi , Hamdy Freddie C. , Holmberg Lars , Jeffrey Metter E. , Neal David E. , Parker Christopher C. , Metcalfe Chris 
Published: January 2016

ObjectiveTo determine whether there are differences in prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels at diagnosis or changes in PSA levels between US and European populations of men with and without prostate cancer (PCa).Subjects and MethodsWe analysed repeated measures of PSA from six clinically and geographically diverse cohorts of men: two cohorts with PSA‐detected PCa, two cohorts with clinically detected PCa and two cohorts without PCa. Using multilevel models, average PSA at diagnosis and PSA change over time were compared among study populations.ResultsThe annual percentage PSA change of 4–5% was similar between men without cancer and men with PSA‐detected cancer. PSA at diagnosis was 1.7 ng/mL lower in a US cohort of men with PSA‐detected PCa (95% confidence interval 1.3–2.0 ng/mL), compared with a UK cohort of men with PSA‐detected PCa, but there was no evidence of a different rate of PSA change between these populations.ConclusionWe found that PSA changes over time are similar in UK and US men diagnosed through PSA testing and even in men without PCa. Further development of PSA models to monitor men on active surveillance should be undertaken in order to take advantage of these similarities. We found no evidence that guidelines for using PSA to monitor men cannot be passed between US and European studies.
Depositional systems in multiphase rifts: seismic case study from the Lofoten margin, Norway
Authors: Henstra Gijs A. , Gawthorpe Robert L. , Helland‐Hansen William , Ravnås Rodmar , Rotevatn Atle 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe evolution of depositional systems in multiphase rifts is influenced by the selective reactivation of faults between subsequent rift phases. The Middle Jurassic to Palaeocene tectonic history of the Lofoten margin, a segment of the North Atlantic rift system, is characterised by three distinct rift phases separated by long (>20 Myr) inter‐rift periods. The initial rift phase comprised a distinct fault initiation and linkage stage, whereas the later rift phases were characterised by selective reactivation of previously linked through‐going faults which resulted in immediate rift climax. Using 2‐D and 3‐D seismic reflection data in conjunction with shallow core data we present a 100 Myr record of shallow to deep marine depositional environments that includes deltaic clinoform packages, slope aprons and turbidite fans. The rapid re‐establishment of major faults during the later rift phases impacts on drainage systems and sediment supply. Firstly, the immediate localisation of strain and accumulation of displacement on few faults results in pronounced footwall uplift and possible fault block rotation along those faults, which makes it more likely for any antecedent fault‐transverse depositional systems to become reversed. Secondly, any antecedent axially‐sourced depositional systems that are inherited from the foregoing rift phase(s) are likely to be sustained after reactivation because such axial systems have already been directed around fault tips. Hence, the immediate localisation of strain through selective reactivation in the later rift phases restricts fault‐transverse sediment supply more than axial sediment supply, which is likely to be a key aspect of the tectono‐sedimentary evolution of multiphase rifts.
Polymorphisms of the GR and HSD11B1 genes influence body mass index and weight gain during hormone replacement treatment in patients with Addison's disease
Authors: Molnár Ágnes , Kövesdi Annamária , Szücs Nikolette , Tóth Miklós , Igaz Péter , Rácz Károly , Patócs Attila 
Published: January 2016

SummaryObjectiveGlucocorticoid substitution is essential in patients with chronic primary adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison's disease) and both over‐treatment and inadequate dosage have deleterious effects. Individual sensitivity to glucocorticoids is partly genetically determined.ContextTo test the hypothesis whether the well‐characterized SNPs of the GR and HSD11B1 genes may modulate the individual sensitivity to exogenous glucocorticoids and may influence clinical and/or laboratory parameters and the glucocorticoid substitution dosage in patients with Addison's disease.Patients and methods68 patients with primary adrenocortical insufficiency were involved. Clinical and laboratory data, as well as the dosage of the hormone replacement therapy were collected. Peripheral blood DNA was isolated, and the GR and HSD11B1 SNPs were examined using allele‐specific PCR or Taqman assay on Real Time PCR.ResultsThe allele frequency of the GR N363S polymorphism was higher in patients compared to the control group and the disease appeared significantly earlier in patients harbouring the GR A3669G compared to noncarriers. These patients had higher ACTH level measured at the time of diagnosis. Homozygous BclI carriers had higher body mass index (BMI) and lower total hydrocortisone equivalent supplementation dose needed than heterozygous or noncarriers. The BMI and weight gain during hormone replacement therapy were also higher in carriers of the HSD11B1 rs4844880 treated with glucocorticoids other than dexamethasone.ConclusionThe BclI polymorphism of the GR gene and the rs4844880 of the HSD11B1 gene may contribute to weight gain and may affect the individual need of glucocorticoid substitution dose in these patients.
Cosmetic preservative labelling on the Thai market
Authors: Bunyavaree Monthathip , Kasemsarn Pranee , Boonchai Waranya 
Published: January 2016

SummaryBackground
Preservatives are added to cosmetics and other consumer products to prevent microbial growth and product degradation. Many cosmetic preservatives are skin sensitizers and frequent causes of contact dermatitis. The use of preservatives may vary by country and/or region, according to legislation, and may be reflected in differences in the prevalence rates of preservative allergy worldwide.Objective
To examine the type and frequency of preservative use in cosmetics sold in Thai markets in metropolitan Bangkok, Thailand.Methods
Preservatives contained in 1000 different cosmetics sold in Thai markets were documented and analysed, based on the labelling of ingredients.Results
Most of the cosmetic and skincare products sold in Thai markets were international brands, with only a small proportion of cosmetic products being produced in Thailand. International brand cosmetics were more likely to contain non‐formaldehyde‐releasing preservatives than domestically produced brands. Isothiazolinone‐based preservatives, which are responsible for the current increase in the prevalence of contact allergy, were found at a significant frequency in domestically produced, leave‐on cosmetic products.Conclusion
Preservatives in cosmetics were significantly different according to source of production and type of cosmetics.
Measurement of liver iron concentration by superconducting quantum interference device biomagnetic liver susceptometry validates serum ferritin as prognostic parameter for allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Jacobi Nicole , Herich Lena 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIntroductionThere are conflicting data regarding the role of serum ferritin (SF) as surrogate parameter for iron overload as an independent prognostic factor for outcome after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) biomagnetic liver susceptometry, a noninvasive measurement of iron overload, allows measurement of the interference of an exteriorly applied small but highly constant magnetic field by the paramagnetic liver storage iron. By measuring the true iron load of patients through SQUID, we wanted to assess the effect of iron overload on patients undergoing SCT.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center retrospective analysis (1994–2010), comparing the effect of SF and liver iron content measured by SQUID shortly before transplantation on overall survival (OS), event‐free survival (EFS), and transplant‐related mortality (TRM) in 142 patients (median age 54.5 yr, range 5.6–75 yr) undergoing SCT (80% reduced intensity regimen). Patients were subdivided into five groups: myelodysplastic syndrome, de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML), secondary AML, primary myelofibrosis, and others.ResultsCorrelation between SF and SQUID was significant (r = 0.6; P < 0.001; log function). The chance of infection was increased 2.4‐fold (95% CI 1.22–4.71) when SQUID values ranged ≥1000 μg Fe/g liver (P = 0.012). We found similar results for SF >1000 ng/mL (P = 0.003). A significant association between SQUID and fungal infection was also seen (P = 0.004). For patients with SQUID ≥1000, the risk of proven fungal infection was increased 3.08‐fold (95% CI 1.43–6.63). A similar association between SF >1000 and fungal infection was shown (P = 0.01). In univariate analysis, age was a prognostic factor for TRM (P = 0.034, HR 1.04, CI 1.00–1.08). SF ≥1000 was associated with OS (P = 0.033, HR 2.09, CI 1.06–4.11) and EFS (P = 0.016, HR 2.15, 95% CI 1.15–4.10). In multivariate analysis on EFS, only age and SF >1000 remained as independent factors (HR 1.027, P = 0.040, 95% CI 1.001–1.054 and HR 2.058, P = 0.034, 95% CI 1.056–4.008, respectively). The multivariate analysis on TRM left age and SQUID values ≥1000 in the final model (HR 1.045, P = 0.041, 95% CI 1.002–1.090 and HR 2.110, P = 0.103, 95% CI 0.859–5.183, respectively).ConclusionOur data confirmed that SF ≥1000 increases the risk of infection, moreover fungal infection in transplant recipients. As SQUID values correlate well with SF, we could show that SF is indeed a good surrogate parameter for iron overload when measured shortly before SCT. Prospective trials are needed to investigate the effect of iron chelation before or during SCT on transplant outcome.
Model of anaesthetic induction by unilateral intracerebral microinjection of GABAergic agonists
Authors: Devor Marshall , Zalkind Vladimir , Fishman Yelena , Minert Anne 
Published: January 2016

AbstractGeneral anaesthetic agents induce loss of consciousness coupled with suppression of movement, analgesia and amnesia. Although these diverse functions are mediated by neural structures located in wide‐ranging parts of the neuraxis, anaesthesia can be induced rapidly and reversibly by bilateral microinjection of minute quantities of γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)A‐R agonists at a small, focal locus in the mesopontine tegmentum (MPTA). State switching under these circumstances is presumably executed by dedicated neural pathways and does not require widespread distribution of the anaesthetic agent itself, the classical assumption regarding anaesthetic induction. Here it was asked whether these pathways serve each hemisphere independently, or whether there is bilateral redundancy such that the MPTA on each side is capable of anaesthetizing the entire brain. Either of two GABAA‐R ligands were microinjected unilaterally into the MPTA in awake rats, the barbiturate modulator pentobarbital and the direct receptor agonist muscimol. Both agents, microinjected on either side, induced clinical anaesthesia, including bilateral atonia, bilateral analgesia and bilateral changes in cortical activity. The latter was monitored using c‐fos expression and electroencephalography. This action, however, was not simply a consequence of suppressing spike activity in MPTA neurons, as unilateral (or bilateral) microinjection of the local anaesthetic lidocaine at the same locus failed to induce anaesthesia. A model of the state‐switching circuitry that accounts for the bilateral action of unilateral microinjection and also for the observation that inactivation with lidocaine is not equivalent to inhibition with GABAA‐R agonists was proposed. This is a step in defining the overall switching circuitry that underlies anaesthesia.
Dimorphism of both head and prothoracic horn morphologies in male Copris acutidens (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea)
Authors: Akamine Mayumi 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAllometric scaling of male horn morphologies of Copris acutidens, including the head and prothoracic horns, was analyzed. The analyses of scaling relationships indicated a discontinuous increase in head horn length and prothoracic horn height but a linear increase in prothoracic horn length relative to body size. The different results for length and height of the prothoracic horn suggest that the height is functionally more important for ensuring mates in the nests. Furthermore, both the head and prothoracic horns were dimorphic, and this characteristic was not found in the scarabaeoid beetle Onthophagus. Similarity in the switch point values for the head and prothoracic horns suggests that the dimorphism of the two kinds of horns may result from the same developmental threshold mechanism.
Early comers occupy popular territories in a lycaenid butterfly, Chrysozephyrus smaragdinus (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
Authors: Takeuchi Tsuyoshi 
Published: January 2016

AbstractTerritorial activities of a lycaenid butterfly, Chrysozephyrus smaragdinus, were observed throughout its adult season to investigate the territorial dynamics. The territories occupied earlier in the season were abandoned later than later‐occupied territories, indicating that the site preference of male C. smaragdinus was largely maintained during the adult season. Three indexes of territory quality based on animal preference, occupation duration (OD), initial occupation date (IOD) and the number of contests (NOC), were highly correlated. Therefore, these preference‐based indexes are consistent and reliable, although they are indirect estimates of benefits obtained from territories. Males arriving at territory sites early in the season were more likely to hold territories of better quality when NOC was used as the index of territory quality. The positive relationship between territory quality and male arrival date is congruent with the result of a previous study showing that early comers tend to hold a territory whereas late comers do not. However, male arrival date was not related to territory quality when OD or IOD was used as an index of territory quality. One possible reason for this apparent discrepancy is that the coefficient of variation of NOC is larger than those of OD and IOD, and therefore NOC could evaluate territory quality more quantitatively than the other two indexes. To date, studies of territoriality in butterflies have not considered the quality of territories. More studies considering the quality of territories will provide new insights into butterfly territoriality.
Style Migration in Europe
Authors: Broussard John Paul , Mikkonen Jussi , Puttonen Vesa 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis paper complements the literature on style migration by examining value and size premiums throughout Europe. Information from more than 25 European markets indicates an average value premium of 9.58% per year. The primary determinants of the persistent value outperformance are: 1) value firms migrating to a neutral or growth portfolio, and 2) growth stocks migrating to neutral or value portfolios. The financial health metric F_SCORE helps uncover outperforming stocks ex ante, and provides preliminary evidence on the probability of migration, but only for small stocks.