bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The hidden cost of using low-resolution concentration data in the estimation of NH3 dry deposition fluxes
Authors: Schrader Frederik , Schaap Martijn , Zöll Undine , Kranenburg Richard , Brümmer Christian 
Published: January 2018

AbstractLong-term monitoring stations for atmospheric pollutants are often equipped with low-resolution concentration samplers. In this study, we analyse the errors associated with using monthly average ammonia concentrations as input variables for bidirectional biosphere-atmosphere exchange models, which are commonly used to estimate dry deposition fluxes. Previous studies often failed to account for a potential correlation between ammonia exchange velocities and ambient concentrations. We formally derive the exact magnitude of these errors from statistical considerations and propose a correction scheme based on parallel measurements using high-frequency analysers. In case studies using both modelled and measured ammonia concentrations and micrometeorological drivers from sites with varying pollution levels, we were able to substantially reduce bias in the predicted ammonia fluxes. Neglecting to account for these errors can, in some cases, lead to significantly biased deposition estimates compared to using high-frequency instrumentation or corrected averaging strategies. Our study presents a first step towards a unified correction scheme for data from nation-wide air pollutant monitoring networks to be used in chemical transport and air quality models.
Targeting murine leukemic stem cells by antibody functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles
Authors: Mandal Tamoghna , Beck Michaela , Kirsten Nicole , Lindén Mika , Buske Christian 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAcute leukemia is initiated and maintained by leukemia stem cells (LSCs) and therefore there is great interest to develop innovative therapeutic approaches which target LSCs. Here we show that mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) functionalized with succinic anhydride, tagged with an anti-B220 antibody and loaded with the anthracycline daunorubicin are efficiently incorporated into murine B220-positive AML LSCs and preferentially kill these cells in comparison to B220-negative AML LSCs in vitro. Furthermore, short – term treatment of the AML LSCs with these MSNs before transplant significantly delayed leukemia development in recipient mice. These data demonstrate that targeting of AML LSCs can be improved by using functionalized and antigen directed MSNs as carriers for anti-leukemic drugs.
Cooper Pairing in A Doped 2D Antiferromagnet with Spin-Orbit Coupling
Authors: Zhao Jingxiang , Gu Qiang 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe study the two-dimensional Hubbard model with the Rashba type spin-orbit coupling within and beyond the mean-field theory. The antiferromagnetic ground state for the model at half-filling and the Cooper pairing induced by antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations near half-filling are examined based on the random-phase approximation. We show that the antiferromagnetic order is suppressed and the magnetic susceptibility turns out to be anisotropic in the presence of the spin-orbit coupling. Energy spectrums of transverse spin fluctuations are obtained and the effective interactions between holes mediated by antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations are deduced in the case of low hole doping. It seems that the spin-orbit coupling tends to form s+p-wave Cooper pairs, while the s+d-wave pairing is dominant when the spin-orbit coupling is absent.
Association of S100B polymorphisms and serum S100B with risk of ischemic stroke in a Chinese population
Authors: Lu Yu-Lan , Wang Rong , Huang Hua-Tuo , Qin Hai-Mei , Liu Chun-Hong , Xiang Yang , Wang Chun-Fang , Luo Hong-Cheng , Wang Jun-Li , Lan Yan , Wei Ye-Sheng 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe levels of serum S100B were elevated in patients with ischemic stroke (IS), which may be a novel biomarker for diagnosing IS. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of S100B polymorphisms and serum S100B with IS risk. We genotyped the S100B polymorphisms rs9722, rs9984765, rs2839356, rs1051169 and rs2186358 in 396 IS patients and 398 controls using polymerase chain reaction-single base extension (SBE-PCR). Serum S100B levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Rs9722 was associated with an increased risk of IS (AA vs. GG: adjusted OR = 2.172, 95% CI, 1.175–4.014, P = 0.013; dominant: adjusted OR = 1.507, 95% CI, 1.071–2.123, P = 0.019; recessive: adjusted OR = 1.846, 95% CI, 1.025–3.323, P = 0.041; additive: adjusted OR=1.371, 95% CI, 1.109-1.694, P = 0.003). The A-C-C-C-A haplotype was associated with an increased risk of IS (OR = 1.325, 95% CI, 1.035–1.696, P = 0.025). In addition, individuals carrying the rs9722 GA/AA genotypes had a higher serum S100B compared with the rs9722 GG genotype in IS patients (P = 0.018). Our results suggest that the S100B gene rs9722 polymorphism may contribute to the susceptibility of IS, probably by promoting the expression of serum S100B.
Highly effective and chemically stable surface enhanced Raman scattering substrates with flower-like 3D Ag-Au hetero-nanostructures
Authors: Zhang Ying , Yang Chengliang , Xue Bin , Peng Zenghui , Cao Zhaoliang , Mu Quanquan , Xuan Li 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe demonstrated flower-like 3D Ag-Au hetero-nanostructures on an indium tin oxide glass (ITO glass) for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications. The flower-like 3D Ag nanostructures were obtained through electrodeposition with liquid crystalline soft template which is simple, controllable and cost effective. The flower-like 3D Ag-Au hetero-nanostructures were further fabricated by galvanic replacement reaction of gold (III) chloride trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O) solution and flower-like Ag. The flower-like Ag-Au hetero-nanostructure exhibited stronger SERS effects and better chemical stability compared with flower-like Ag nanostructure. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) spectra, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) photos and Ag-Au ratios were studied which show that the surface morphology and shape of the flower-like Ag-Au hetero-nanostructure play significant roles in enhancing SERS. The flower-like 3D Ag-Au hetero-nanostructures fabricated by electrodeposition in liquid crystalline template and galvanic replacement reaction are simple, cheap, controllable and chemical stable. It is a good candidate for applications in SERS detection and imaging.
Identification of JAZ-interacting MYC transcription factors involved in latex drainage in Hevea brasiliensis
Authors: Zhai Jinling , Hao Hui , Xiao Hua , Cao Yuxin , Lin Xiangui , Huang Xi 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHevea brasiliensisMüll. Arg. is one of the most frequently wounded plants worldwide. Expelling latex upon mechanical injury is a wound response of rubber trees. However, JA-mediated wound responses in rubber trees are not well documented. In this work, three JAZ-interacting MYC transcription factors ofH. brasiliensis(termed HbMYC2/3/4) were identified by yeast two-hybrid screening. HbMYC2/3/4 each showed specific interaction profiles with HbJAZs. HbMYC2/3/4 each localized in the nucleus and exhibited strong transcriptional activity. To identify the target genes potentially regulated by HbMYC2/3/4,cis-elements interacting with HbMYC2/3/4 were first screened by yeast one-hybrid assays; the results indicated that HbMYC2/3/4 each could bind G-box elements. Additional analysis confirmed that HbMYC2/3/4 bound theHbPIP2;1promoter, which contains five G-boxcis-elements, and regulated the expression of reporter genes in yeast cells andin planta. HbMYC2/3/4were induced by exogenous JA treatment but suppressed by ethylene (ET) treatment; in contrast,HbPIP2;1was positively regulated by ET but negatively regulated by JA treatment. Given thatHbPIP2;1is involved in latex drainage, it could be proposed that HbMYC2/3/4 are involved in the regulation ofHbPIP2;1expression as well as latex drainage, both of which are coordinated by the JA and ET signalling pathways.
Mitochondrial DNA damage and subsequent activation of Z-DNA binding protein 1 links oxidative stress to inflammation in epithelial cells
Authors: Szczesny Bartosz , Marcatti Michela , Ahmad Akbar , Montalbano Mauro , Brunyánszki Attila , Bibli Sofia-Iris , Papapetropoulos Andreas , Szabo Csaba 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis report identifies mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as a target and active mediator that links low-level oxidative stress to inflammatory response in pulmonary epithelial cells. Extrusion of mtDNA into the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid occurs as an early event in mice subjected to cigarette smoke injury, concomitantly with the depletion of mtDNA in the lung tissue. In cultured lung epithelial cells, prolonged, low-level oxidative stress damages the mtDNA, without any detectable damage to the nuclear DNA. In turn, cellular depletion of the mtDNA occurs, together with a transient remodeling of cellular bioenergetics and morphology - all without any detectable impairment in overall cell viability. Damaged mtDNA first enters the cytoplasm, where it binds to Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1) and triggers inflammation via the TANK-binding kinase 1 /interferon regulatory factor 3 signaling pathway. Fragments of the mtDNA are subsequently released into the extracellular space via exosomes. MtDNA-containing exosomes are capable of inducing an inflammatory response in naïve (non-oxidatively stressed) epithelial cells. In vivo, administration of isolated mtDNA into the in lungs of naïve mice induces the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, without histopathologic evidence of tissue injury. We propose that mtDNA-specific damage, and subsequent activation of the ZBP1 pathway, is a mechanism that links prolonged, low-level oxidative stress to autocrine and paracrine inflammation during the early stages of inflammatory lung disease.
Improving survival of acute-on-chronic liver failure patients complicated with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
Authors: Gao Jie , Zhang Qing , Wu Yuankui , Li Ying , Qi Tingting , Zhu Congyan , Liu Sijia , Yu Ruoxi , He Qinjun , Wen Weiqun , Zhou Fuyuan , Chen Yongpeng , Chen Jinjun , Hou Jinlin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe mortality of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients complicated with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) was extremely high. We aimed to explore prognostic value of the Chronic Liver Failure-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (CLIF-SOFA) lung score and to establish an optimal voriconazole regimen for ACLF patients complicated with IPA. We retrospectively screened hospitalized ACLF patients in our hospital from July 2011 to April 2016, from which 20 probable IPA cases were diagnosed. Along with onsets of IPA, deteriorated diseases severity, especially lung conditions were found in those 20 ACLF patients. It was found that IPA patients with CLIF-SOFA lung score <2 had better 28-day survival than those with lung score >1 (11/13 vs 0/7, p < 0.001). Based on plasma voriconazole concentration measurement, an optimal voriconazole regimen (loading doses: 0.2 g twice daily; maintenance doses, 0.1 g once daily) was established, which resulted in rational trough plasma drug concentrations (1–5 μg/mL), good clinical outcomes (90-day survival rate of 6/8) and no observed adverse events. In conclusion, CLIF-SOFA lung score >1 was able to identify ACLF patients complicated with IPA encountering much higher 28-day mortality. An optimal voriconazole regimen was safe and effective in our ACLF patients complicated with IPA.
Broadband Asymmetric Light Transmission at Metal/Dielectric Composite Grating
Authors: Zhu Rui , Wu Xuannan , Hou Yidong , Zheng Gaige , Zhu Jianhua , Gao Fuhua 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOptical diode-like effect has sparked growing interest in recent years due to its potential applications in integrated photonic systems. In this paper, we propose and numerically demonstrate a new type of easy-processing metal/dielectric cylinder composite grating on semi-sphere substrate, which can achieve high-contrast asymmetric transmission of unpolarized light for the sum of all diffraction modes in the entire visible region, and effectively guide the diffraction light transmitting out the substrate. The asymmetric light transmission (ALT) ratio is larger than 2 dB in the waveband from 380 nm to 780 nm and the maximum ALT ratio can reach to 13 dB at specified wavelengths. The thorough theoretical research reveals that the proposed metal/dielectric pillar composite grating structure, together with the substrate, can effectively excite localized surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR) effect and waveguide mode (WGM), and enlarge the diffraction difference between forward and backward transmission spaces, including both number of diffraction orders and diffraction efficiency, thus resulting in high-contrast broadband ALT phenomenon. In particular, lowering the symmetry of the grating can achieve polarization-dependent ALT. Such a type of easy-processing ALT device with high performance for both polarized and unpolarized light can be regarded as suitable candidates in practical applications.
Artificial Intelligence Estimation of Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity using Carotid Waveform
Authors: Tavallali Peyman , Razavi Marianne , Pahlevan Niema M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this article, we offer an artificial intelligence method to estimate the carotid-femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) non-invasively from one uncalibrated carotid waveform measured by tonometry and few routine clinical variables. Since the signal processing inputs to this machine learning algorithm are sensor agnostic, the presented method can accompany any medical instrument that provides a calibrated or uncalibrated carotid pressure waveform. Our results show that, for an unseen hold back test set population in the age range of 20 to 69, our model can estimate PWV with a Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE) of 1.12 m/sec compared to the reference method. The results convey the fact that this model is a reliable surrogate of PWV. Our study also showed that estimated PWV was significantly associated with an increased risk of CVDs.
Effects of silver nanocolloids on plant complex type N-glycans in Oryza sativa roots
Authors: Horiuchi Risa , Nakajima Yukari , Kashiwada Shosaku , Miyanishi Nobumitsu 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSilver nanomaterials have been mainly developed as antibacterial healthcare products worldwide, because of their antibacterial activity. However, there is little data regarding the potential risks and effects of large amounts of silver nanomaterials on plants. In contrast, N-glycans play important roles in various biological phenomena, and their structures and expressions are sensitive to ambient environmental changes. Therefore, to assesse the effects of silver nanomaterials, we focused on the correlation between N-glycans and the effects of silver nanomaterials in plants and analyzed N-glycan structures in Oryza sativa seedlings exposed to silver nanocolloids (SNCs). The phenotype analysis showed that the shoot was not affected by any SNC concentrations, whereas the high SNC exposed root was seriously damaged. Therefore, we performed comparative N-glycan analysis of roots. As a result, five of total N-glycans were significantly increased in SNC exposed roots, of which one was a free-N-glycan with one beta-N-acetylglucosamine residue at the reducing end. Our results suggest that the transition of plant complex type N-glycans, including free-N-glycans, was caused by abnormalities in O. sativa development, and free-N-glycan itself has an important role in plant development. This study originally adapted glycome transition analysis to environmental toxicology and proposed a new category called “Environmental glycobiology”.
Cathelicidin-OA1, a novel antioxidant peptide identified from an amphibian, accelerates skin wound healing
Authors: Cao Xiaoqing , Wang Ying , Wu Chunyun , Li Xiaojie , Fu Zhe , Yang Meifeng , Bian Wenxin , Wang Siyuan , Song Yongli , Tang Jing , Yang Xinwang 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCathelicidins play pivotal roles in host defense. The discovery of novel cathelicidins is important research; however, despite the identification of many cathelicidins in vertebrates, few have been reported in amphibians. Here we identified a novel cathelicidin (named cathelicidin-OA1) from the skin of an amphibian species, Odorrana andersonii. Produced by posttranslational processing of a 198-residue prepropeptide, cathelicidin-OA1 presented an amino acid sequence of ‘IGRDPTWSHLAASCLKCIFDDLPKTHN′ and a molecular mass of 3038.5 Da. Functional analysis showed that, unlike other cathelicidins, cathelicidin-OA1 demonstrated no direct microbe-killing, acute toxicity and hemolytic activity, but did exhibit antioxidant activity. Importantly, cathelicidin-OA1 accelerated wound healing against human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and skin fibroblasts (HSF) in both time- and dose-dependent manners. Notably, cathelicidin-OA1 also showed wound-healing promotion in a mouse model with full-thickness skin wounds, accelerating re-epithelialization and granulation tissue formation by enhancing the recruitment of macrophages to the wound site, inducing HaCaT cell proliferation and HSF cell migration. This is the first cathelicidin identified from an amphibian that shows potent wound-healing activity. These results will help in the development of new types of wound-healing agents and in our understanding of the biological functions of cathelicidins.
Improved Linearity with Polarization Coulomb Field Scattering in AlGaN/GaN Heterostructure Field-Effect Transistors
Authors: Cui Peng , Lv Yuanjie , Liu Huan , Cheng Aijie , Fu Chen , Lin Zhaojun 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe single-tone power of the AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFETs) with different gate widths was measured. A distinct improvement in device linearity was observed in the sample with a larger gate width. The analysis of the variation of the parasitic source access resistance showed that, as the gate bias is increased, the polarization Coulomb field scattering can offset the increased polar optical phonon scattering and improve the device linearity. This approach is shown to be effective in improving the device linearity of AlGaN/GaN HFETs.
Evidence, Goals, and Outcomes in Stuttering Treatment: Applications With an Adolescent Who Stutters
Authors: Marcotte Anne K. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this clinical focus article is to summarize 1 possible process that a clinician might follow in designing and conducting a treatment program with John, a 14-year-old male individual who stutters.

Method
The available research evidence, practitioner experience, and consideration of individual preferences are combined to address goals, treatment procedures, and outcomes for John.

Conclusions
The stuttering treatment research literature includes multiple well-designed reviews and individual studies that have shown the effectiveness of prolonged speech (and smooth speech and related variations) for improving stuttered speech and for improving social, emotional, cognitive, and related variables in adolescents who stutter. Based on that evidence, and incorporating the additional elements of practitioner experience and client preferences, this clinical focus article suggests that John would be likely to benefit from a treatment program based on prolonged speech. The basic structure of 1 possible such program is also described, with an emphasis on the goals and outcomes that John could be expected to achieve.
Sloshing in its cD halo: MUSE kinematics of the central galaxy NGC 3311 in the Hydra I cluster
Authors: Barbosa C. E. , Arnaboldi M. , Coccato L. , Gerhard O. , Mendes de Oliveira C. , Hilker M. , Richtler T. 
Published: January 2018

Context.Early-type galaxies (ETGs) show a strong size evolution with redshift. This evolution is explained by fast “in-situ” star formation at high-zfollowed by a late mass assembly mostly driven by minor mergers that deposit stars primarily in the outer halo.Aims.We aim to identify the main structural components of the Hydra I cD galaxy NGC 3311 to investigate the connection between the central galaxy and the surrounding stellar halo.Methods.We produce maps of the line-of-sight velocity distribution (LOSVD) moments from a mosaic of MUSE pointings covering NGC 3311 out to 25 kpc. Combining deep photometric and spectroscopic data, we model the LOSVD maps using a finite mixture distribution, including four non-concentric components that are nearly isothermal spheroids, with different line-of-sight systemic velocitiesV, velocity dispersionsσ, and small (constant) values of the higher order Gauss-Hermite momentsh3andh4.Results.The kinemetry analysis indicates that NGC 3311 is classified as a slow rotator, although the galaxy shows a line-of-sight velocity gradient along the photometric major axis. The comparison of the correlations betweenh3andh4withV/σwith simulated galaxies indicates that NGC 3311 assembled mainly through dry mergers. Theσprofile rises to ≃ 400 km s-1at 20 kpc, a significant fraction (0.55) of the Hydra I cluster velocity dispersion, indicating that stars there were stripped from progenitors orbiting in the cluster core. The finite mixture distribution modeling supports three inner components related to the central galaxy and a fourth component with large effective radius (51 kpc) and velocity dispersion (327 km s-1) consistent with a cD envelope. We find that the cD envelope is offset from the center of NGC 3311 both spatially (8.6 kpc) and in velocity (ΔV= 204 km s-1), but coincides with the cluster core X-ray isophotes and the mean velocity of core galaxies. Also, the envelope contributes to the broad wings of the LOSVD measured by largeh4values within 10 kpc.Conclusions.The cD envelope of NGC 3311 is dynamically associated with the cluster core, which in Hydra I is in addition displaced from the cluster center, presumably due to a recent subcluster merger.
Validation of the Modified Surgeon Periorbital Rating of Edema and Ecchymosis (SPREE) Questionnaire: A Prospective Analysis of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Procedures
Authors: Oliver Jeremie , Menapace Deanna , Younes Ahmed , Recker Chelsey , Hamilton Grant , Friedman Oren 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAlthough periorbital edema and ecchymosis are commonly encountered after facial plastic and reconstructive surgery procedures, there is currently no validated grading scale to qualify these findings. In this study, the modified “Surgeon Periorbital Rating of Edema and Ecchymosis (SPREE)” questionnaire is used as a grading scale for patients undergoing facial plastic surgery procedures. This article aims to validate a uniform grading scale for periorbital edema and ecchymosis using the modified SPREE questionnaire in the postoperative period. This is a prospective study including 82 patients at two different routine postoperative visits (second and seventh postoperative days), wherein the staff and resident physicians, physician assistants (PAs), patients, and any accompanying adults were asked to use the modified SPREE questionnaire to score edema and ecchymosis of each eye of the patient who had undergone a plastic surgery procedure. Interrater and intrarater agreements were then examined. Cohen's kappa coefficient was calculated to measure intrarater and interrater agreement between health care professionals (staff physicians and resident physicians); staff physicians and PAs; and staff physicians, patients, and accompanying adults. Good to excellent agreement was identified between staff physicians and resident physicians as well as between staff physicians and PAs. There was, however, poor agreement between staff physicians, patients, and accompanying adults. In addition, excellent agreement was found for intraobserver reliability during same-day visits. The modified SPREE questionnaire is a validated grading system for use by health care professionals to reliably rate periorbital edema and ecchymosis in the postoperative period. Validation of the modified SPREE questionnaire may improve ubiquity in medical literature reporting and related outcomes reporting in future.