bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
C-reactive protein as predictor of antidepressant response in late onset depression
Authors: Mishra D.K. , Sardesai U. , Razdan R. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionLate-onset depression has been associated with history of vascular disease and atherosclerosis. As immune dysregulation is critically involved in vascular disease. We hypothesized that responsiveness of late onset depression can be associated with level of inflammatory markers in these subjects.ObjectiveRole of inflammatory mediator in antidepressant responses in late onset depression.AimTo study C-reactive protein as predictor of antidepressant response in late onset depression.MethodsDepressed patient (as per ICD 10 DCR) age > 60 years recruited from department of psychiatry and complete clinical assessment done and base line depression severity measure on Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). C reactive protein level was assessed at base line. Patient prescribed antidepressant medication and at 8 week follow up re assed for depression severity in HDRS. Data analyzed with spss.21 and spearman correlation was used.ResultMean age of responder (n = 6) 63.5 ± 4.9 year and HDRS at base line 16 ± 1.9. Mean age of partial responder or non-responder (n = 19) 65.1 ± 6.1 year and HDRS at base line 18.5 ± 3.9. Continuous decrease in depression severity during study period and antidepressant response rate was 24%. Base line CRP level had negative correlation with antidepressant responsiveness (r = –0.6, P < 0.05).DiscussionLate onset depression was less responsive to antidepressant medication and poor antidepressant response rate was associated with higher level of CRP in late onset depression.Document not received.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Core self-evaluation and depression among caregivers of Alzheimer disease patients
Authors: Wojtyna E. , Pyszkowska A. , Cembrzyńska M. , Wiszniewicz A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionCaregivers of Alzheimer Disease (AD) patients suffer from chronic stress and psychophysical burden, which often lead to depression symptoms. It seems that core self-evaluation (CSE), coping with stress and social support might be modifying factors in coping with situation of caregiving.AimsThe aims of the study were to examine: (1) level of depression; (2) relationships between CSE, style of coping with stress, social functioning and depression severity among caregivers.MethodsThe study involved 60 caregivers of AD patients who were children of the sick and have been caring for at least one year. It was cross-sectional and assessed by questionnaires. Following tools were used: Core Self-Evaluation, Beck Depression Inventory, Coping Inventory for Stress Situations, Distress Thermometer and an original questionnaire assessing the situation of caregiving.ResultsA total of 51.7% of responders demonstrated severity of depression symptoms, associated to at least one mild clinical depression episode. The factors introduced to the model explained 65% variance of depression symptoms. Predictors of greater depression symptoms proved to be: low CSE (ΔR2 = 0.32; β = −0.12), low social support (ΔR2 = 0.08; β = −0.27), low life satisfaction (ΔR2 = 0.02, β = −0.26), high levels of distress (ΔR2 = 0.12, β = 0.31), coping style focused on emotions (ΔR2 = 0.12, β = 0.17).ConclusionsIn the area of caregivers’ psychological assistance and depression therapy, interventions leading to increase of CSE and providing adequate social support that contributes to better care provision and maintaining proper self-image, should be taken into consideration.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A cognitive and behavioural group therapy for binge eating disorder: An original 12 sessions design
Authors: Boulet F. 
Published: June 2017

The Binge Eating Disorder (BED) consists in binge eating with a loss of control and guilty feeling. Weigh excessive preoccupation, psychiatric comorbidities and psychosocial impairment are associated to BED. BED prevalence is 3 to 5%, which is the more frequent eating disorder. The efficacy of CBT is well-known with several publications.MethodWe have proposed 12 sessions of 1.30 hours for a 6 to 8 patients group, managed by a psychiatrist trained to CBT. Each session approaches a different topic (eating behavioural, self-esteem, problem resolution, stigmatization, emotion coping, cognitive therapy…).AssessmentPatients are evaluated before and after therapy with Eating Disorder Inventory version 2 and Rathus Scale for self-esteem. Thirty patients were included.ResultsPatients improve eating behavioural and other topics like self-esteem, social functioning, problem resolution and emotion coping. It appears that 12 sessions group CBT could be effective with patients who suffer of BED. Others studies are needed to evaluate the long-term outcome.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Investigation of endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid-related compounds in obese subjects during an hedonic eating experimental test
Authors: Ruzzi V. , Monteleone A.M. , Monaco F. , Fico G. , Cervino A. , Volpe U. , Monteleone P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionHedonic eating refers to the consumption of food just for pleasure and not for energetic needs. Endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid-related compounds play an important role in food-related reward and are likely involved in hedonic eating.ObjectivesIn a previous study we found that in normal weight healthy subjects plasma levels of 2 arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) decreased progressively after food ingestion in both hedonic and non-hedonic eating condition, but they were significantly higher in hedonic eating. Plasma levels of anandamide (AEA), oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), instead, progressively decreased in both eating conditions without significant differences.AimsIn order to investigate the physiology of endocannabinoids in obesity, we assessed the responses of AEA, 2-AG, OEA and PEA to hedonic and non-hedonic eating in obese individuals.MethodsFourteen satiated obese patients consumed favorite (hedonic eating) and non-favorite (non-hedonic eating) foods in two experimental sessions. During the tests, blood was collected to measure peripheral levels of AEA, 2-AG, OEA and PEA.ResultsPlasma levels of 2-AG progressively decreased in non-hedonic eating whereas they gradually increased after hedonic eating. Plasma levels of AEA decreased progressively in non-hedonic eating, whereas they initially decreased after the exposure to the favorite food and then returned to baseline values after its consumption. The responses of OEA and PEA to favorite and non-favorite food did not show significant differences.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that, compared to normal weight healthy subjects, obese subjects exhibit different responses of peripheral endocannabinoids to the ingestion of food for pleasure and this could have implications for the onset/maintenance of obesity.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Insidious: The relationship between patients and their eating disorders and its impact on ED symptoms, illness duration and self-image
Authors: Mantilla E. Forsén , Birgegård A. 
Published: June 2017

Patients with eating disorders (EDs) often spontaneously talk about their disorder in terms of a symbolic other (a demon, a voice, a guardian). Further, externalizing exercises where patients are encouraged to separate their true self from their ED self are common in some treatment approaches. Yet, no previous quantitative study has investigated this phenomenon. We examined the patient-ED relationship (using the interpersonal structural analysis of social behavior methodology) and its implications for ED symptoms, illness duration and self-image. Participants were 16–25 year old female patients (N = 150) diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (N = 55), bulimia nervosa (N = 33) or eating disorder not otherwise specified (N = 62). Results suggested that patients had comprehensible and organized relationships with their EDs. EDs were primarily experienced as acting critical and controlling towards patients. Higher ED control was associated with more ED symptoms and longer illness duration, especially when coupled with patient submission. Patients reacting more negatively towards their EDs than their EDs were acting towards them had lower symptom levels and more positive self-images. Externalizing one's ED, relating to it like a symbolic other, seemed to make sense to patients and depending on its quality seemed to influence ED symptoms, illness duration and self-image. We put forward both clinical and theoretical implications based on the assumption that the patient-ED relationship may function in similar ways as real-life interpersonal relationships do.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Antipsychotic drugs in pregnancy
Authors: AlDakheel S. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundThere has been significant increase in prescription of antipsychotic medication in the community for females in childbearing age the problem is we do not have clear guidelines because we do not have a control group.ObjectivesTo evaluate maternal psychiatric, medical and perinatal outcomes associated with antipsychotic drugs in pregnancy.AimTo use wisdom when the risk is minimal for both mother and child.MethodWe study 3 pregnant women, one with a 6 years old, one with a 2 years old child and one still pregnant. We measure their blood sugar, blood pressure, fetal heart, movement, ultrasound using first generation antipsychotic (FGA).ResultsPatient became less psychotic then back to normal and fetal development is normal till now, no diabetes mellitus or hypertension, no malformation or abortion.ConclusionIt is still too early to reach a clear and absolute use of safe antipsychotic drugs in pregnancy. A large sample is needed for a study and a control should be needed.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Interpersonal sensitivity in the at-risk mental state for psychosis in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Mushtaq A. , Fatima B. , Fatema A.A. , Syed H. , Sohail H. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionInterpersonal sensitivity can be explained as a personality trait in which there is an excessive and expanded awareness of the behavior and emotions of others. Individuals having high interpersonal sensitivity are sensitive to interpersonal relationships and self-deficiencies in comparison to others. Studies report that high interpersonal sensitivity can cause low self-esteem and feelings of insecurity.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to examine the level of interpersonal sensitivity in individuals with an at-risk mental state (ARMS) for psychosis compared to the individuals not at risk for psychosis.MethodsA total sample of 50 individuals was recruited from Bahria University, Karwan-e-Hayat and Karachi Psychiatric Hospital: 25 with ARMS for psychosis and 25 participants who were not ARMS, according to scores on Schizophrenia Proneness Inventory-Adult (SPI-A). All of the participants then responded to self-report questionnaire on Interpersonal Sensitivity Measure.ResultsResults showed that the group with ARMS had a significantly higher interpersonal sensitivity on average (112.5) as compared to healthy individuals (91.8). Results show significant difference in both of the groups (t = –5.049; P < .0001) indicating that interpersonal sensitivity in people with ARMS was relatively high compared to those who were not at risk.ConclusionThis study suggests that being ‘hypersensitive’ to interpersonal interactions is a psychological feature of the potentially prodromal phase of psychosis. Addressing difficulties in interpersonal relationships and offering early psychotherapeutic interventions can be beneficial, not only in averting serious illness, but preventing loss to individual and national productivity.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Social and economical impact about problems with therapeutical adherence
Authors: Alonso Sánchez A. , Red Gallego H. De la , Álvarez Astorga A. , Noval Canga C. , Hernandez Antón R. , Gómez Sánchez S. , Medina Ojeda G. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPsychotic spectrum diseases are one of the most expensive illnesses in our society. Being able to recover as much social and laboral activity as possible has to be the goal. Trying to achieve this objective, we face different problems, as for example therapeutic adherence.ObjectivesShow the importance of an adequate treatment and adherence in order to keep the patient as much integrated in the society as possible, and in order to reduce the economic and social cost of the psychotic spectrum diseases.MethodsCase report and bibliography review.ResultsThe patient of this case is a 34 year old woman with a schizophrenia diagnosis given after 4 hospitalizations in psychiatry units. She had 4 years of stabilization taking an injectable antipsychotic, in which she was able to study and keep adequate familiar and sentimental relationships. After being badly recommended to retire her medication for some who identified himself as member of the “new psychiatry”, she began with new delusions and hallucinations which had to be treated at the Hospital Psychiatry Unit. She was close to get a statal job related to her architecture studies, but she was not able to go to the exam due to the exacerbation of her illness. In the review we see that the average economic cost per schizophrenic patient in developed European countries such as Germany is, at least, 14000€ per patient.ConclusionsAdequate treatment adherence is highly important to keep an adequate control of the illness in order to sustain the better social live and job function.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Is early life environment a risk factor for psychiatric disorder?
Authors: Duarte T. , Ferreira A. , Paulino S. , Câmara Pestana L. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSeason of birth, an exogenous indicator of early life environment, has been related to higher risk of adverse psychiatric outcomes. According to literature, an excess of 5–8% of winter-spring births is found in individuals who later develop schizophrenia and bipolar disorder; this seasonal birth excess is also found in schizoaffective disorder (winter), major depression (March–May), and autism (March).ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to analyze the seasonal birth patterns of in-patients with psychiatric disorders.AimsUnderstand the relation between psychiatric disorders and season of birth during a 10 year period in a Portuguese University Hospital.MethodsAnalyze the birth date distribution of 2202 in-patients between 2007 and 2016 and compare with the psychiatric diagnosis.ResultsPatients’ diseases analyzed by birthday season: 60% of patients with schizoaffective disorder were born in winter-spring, 48.4% of mental retarded patients were born in autumn, 37% of dementia patients in winter, 77% of patients with delusional disorder in winter-spring, 78% of patients with Cluster A personality disorder in spring-summer and 71% of patients with substance abuse conditions in autumn-winter. No seasonal birth excess was found for bipolar affective disorder, schizophrenia, alcohol abuse, major depressive disorder or Cluster B personality disorder.ConclusionsOur sample data shows evidence for a potential link between season of birth and risk for schizoaffective disorder, dementia, mental retardation, Cluster A personality disorder, delusional disorder and substance abuse. The attempt to explain seasonal birth patterns in psychiatric illnesses could serve to clarify the etiological bases of such disorders.Disclosure of InterestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Identification of major depressive disorder among the long-term unemployed
Authors: Nurmela K. , Mattila A. , Heikkinen V. , Uitti J. , Ylinen A. , Virtanen P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionDepression is a common disorder among the unemployed, but research on identification of their depression in health care (HC) is scarce.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to find out if the duration of unemployment correlates to the risk for unidentified major depressive disorder (MDD) in HC.MethodsSample of the study consisted of long-term unemployed who were in screening project diagnosed as having MDD (n = 243). The diagnosis was found in the records of HC in 101 (42%) and not found in 142 (58%) individuals. Binary logistic regression models were used to explore the effect of the duration of unemployment to the identification of MDD in HC.ResultsThe odds ratio (OR) for non-identified MDD in HC was 1.060 (95%CI 1.011–1.111, P = 0.016) per unemployment year and when unemployment had continued, for example, five years the OR for unidentified MDD was 1.336. The association remained significant throughout adjustments for the set of background factors (gender, age, occupational status, marital status, homelessness, self-reported criminal records, suicide attempts, number of HC-visits).ConclusionsThis study among depressed long-term unemployed indicates that the longer the unemployment period has lasted, the greater the risk for non-identification of MDD is. HC services should be developed with respect to sensitivity to detect signs of depression among long-term unemployed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Decisional capacity in patients with acute delirium. A Rawlsian approach
Authors: Hostiuc S. , Negoi I. , Drima E. 
Published: June 2017

Delirium is characterized by a temporary, usually reversible, cause of mental alteration; it can occur at any age, but affect most often the elderly. Delirium patients may also present acute psychotic episodes, which might make them decisionally incompetent. In order to assess decisional capacity, Fan et al developed a two-stage approach, which tries to analyse:– the presence of delirium, using the Confusion Assessment Method;– a proper analysis of the decisional capacity.Often, in patients with decreased decisional capacity, physicians must assess which ethical principle should respect first – the principle of autonomy, whose practical implementation is informed consent, or beneficence – the good of the patient, irrespective of the its declared wishes. In this poster, we will look at the issue of decisional capacity in patients with acute delirium from a Rawlsian point of view, and will try to give an answer based on what is just – to respect the autonomy of the patient, or the moral duty to do good to the patient.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Serial killers: Relation between childhood maltreatment and sexual relations with the victims
Authors: De Santiago Herrero F.J. , Torres Delgado C. , García-Mateos M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSerial killer's (SK) familiar relations often present a disorganized adherence characterized by the paternal absence and the excessive maternal coldness or over-protection. This familiar diagram, joined to mistreatment situations, could generate different antisocial conducts in the child because of the vacancy of a significant strong figure.ObjectivesTo study, in the SK, the relation between having suffered childhood mistreatment and the sexual aggression to the victims before killing them.MethodA study is realized between the variables of childhood mistreatment and sexual aggression to the victims. The data has been extracted from 100 protocols of SK with different nationalities elaborated by the unit of analysis of criminal behavioral (University of Salamanca, Spain).ResultsThe results show a significant relation between both variables.ConclusionsIt can be confirmed that the SK who have suffered childhood mistreatment sexually attack their victims before killing them while those who did not experiment it during their childhood do not realize that conduct.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Paranoia: When criminology predicts vocational prognosis
Authors: Ghajati B. , Sahar G. , Imen B. , Rim R. 
Published: June 2017

Patients with paranoia have always been a group of exiting but daunting patients for mental health professionals. Indeed, the risk of a violent acting out with important aggressive discharges confers to these patients an elevated dangerosity potential. If various criminological aspects of violence in paranoia have been described, their link to functional prognosis of patients have been seldom addressed.AimTo determine if criminological details of violence acts in paranoia patients predict their functional prognosis.MethodsA retrospective, descriptive and analytic study have been conducted, based on a chart consult. Twenty-three patients with paranoia (i.e. Chronic delusional disorder type jealousy or erotomania in DSM IV) patients have been included. These patients have been hospitalized in the forensic psychiatry department of Razi hospital of Tunis (Tunisia), between 1995 and 2015, after not being held by reason of insanity, according to article 38 of the Tunisian Criminal Code.ResultsDelusional disorder types were: jealousy (17), persecution (4), erotomania (1) and claim (1). The majority were married (18), undereducated (17), with irregular work (13). Forensic acts were uxoricide (15), attempted murder (5), violence against people (2) and destruction of public properties (1). Patients used bladed weapon in most of the cases (13), in the victim's residence (19), with premeditation in (17) of the crimes. Only 5 patients worked regularly after discharge.ConclusionIf our results expose further data concerning potential dangerosity of patients with delusional disorders, they also highlight the marginalized situation of these patients when released back into society.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Mental health care practice in transgender persons deprived of liberty
Authors: Jemar G.N. , Mariana Edith S. , Maria Mercedes D. 
Published: June 2017

Gender diversity set a new paradigm in terms of challenge and study for mental health. The analysis includes everything from basic parameters such as shed prejudices and preconceptions, to question old concepts rooted yet even from the proposed DSM, understanding gender diversity not just in terms of behaviour, choices or sexual conditions but from the integration of this in cognition and social inclusion, and finally understand that the nosological processes become in fact they do not have their origins in the diversity of gender, and that this per se does not constitute a pathology. The main issues addressed are the social marginalization, the problems of co-existence, discrimination, external and internal positioning for their conduct, election or sexual and gender perceptions and ways of adaptation are implemented, in addition to nosological processes current mental health, which are influenced but not because of the above. The population Trans in penitentiary system frequently mental health care for problems such as substance abuse, convivial and adaptive circumstances, being achieved in most cases a specific record of the particular problems and behavioral system that allows the convivencial adaptation, with the limiting variables that negatively influence (discrimination, marginalization, etc). The binary logic in the current psychopathology as well as society and culture in general prevents nosological analyze processes of these patients regardless of their behavior, sexual choice or self-perception of gender. They should consolidate new paradigms of psychopathological analysis to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the nosological processes in these patients to achieve effective therapeutic targets.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.