bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cure in Advanced Renal Cell Cancer: Is It an Achievable Goal?
Authors: Sabanathan Dhanusha , Park John J. , Marquez Manuel , Francisco Louise , Byrne Natalie , Gurney Howard 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundImmunotherapy has historically been of interest in the management of metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) because of its relative chemoresistance and the reproducible but low incidence of spontaneous remission in metastatic disease. Recently, targeted immunotherapies in the form of checkpoint inhibitors have shown durable responses in approximately 20%–30% of patients with solid tumors, with a much more acceptable side-effect profile. Anti-programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1)/programmed death receptor ligand 1 antibodies rely on the presence of host T cells in the tumor microenvironment to be stimulated in order to activate an antitumor response. The presence of tumor antigens augments this stimulation. This has led to further research into combination therapy with anti-PD-1 inhibitors and radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or targeted therapy with the aim of increasing the response rate to these agents.Materials and MethodsWe describe three cases of patients with mRCC treated with anti-PD-1 antibody therapy in combination with targeted therapy (bevacizumab), anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 therapy (ipilimumab), or radiotherapy. We perform a comprehensive literature review on combination immunotherapy and the scope for the future.ResultsTwo patients had a complete clinical response within 3 months of commencing treatment. The third patient had a further significant response to radiotherapy outside the field of treatment after initial response to anti-PD-1 therapy, which lasted for over 12 months.ConclusionWe are now in the era of immunotherapy with promising results in select patients. However, the number of complete remissions with single agents are low. This report demonstrates the potential for combination therapy in mRCC to produce complete responses and improved survival rates. Whether these results equate to cure in a subset of patients requires longer follow-up. Further evaluation of dosing regimens, sequencing methods, and biomarkers to select patient population is required to advance this treatment strategy.
El papel de la participación ciudadana en las políticas públicas urbanas, bajo el actual escenario de la gobernanza
Authors: Castillo Cubillos Monica 
Published: November 2017

The transformation of the state is imminent, this is because other factors, that under the current situation of governance there is not an strategic actor in the new global order, that can manage the monopoly of knowledge, experience and resources needed to solve the problems and get new efficiently, opportunities. Therefore, must devise and reinvent new forms of governance in the company of other strategic actors, one of these actors is citizenship. In this regard, we must ask, what is the role of citizen participation?It is necessary to involve thinking about public policy, as one of the roles in which citizens may or may not make such effective participation. Taking into account, that public policy instruments can encourage and strengthen governance, in scenarios where there is a real participation of citizens. Let us see how true this is.
Authors: RIPP Rita Inês Paetzhold Pauli , Dutra Eduardo Gilvan 
Published: November 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo mostrar a dinâmica de desenvolvimento do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar nas escolas estaduais do município de Santiago-RS, especificamente no concernente aos aspectos qualitativos da alimentação dos alunos. Os procedimentos metodológicos compreendem além da revisão da literatura especializada e documental, um estudo empírico de análise realizado a partir de uma investigação efetuada à informantes institucionais qualificados e incursões diretas em todas as escolas estaduais do município de Santiago –RS. Conclui-se que em 2014, houve uma diferença média de 51,37% em relação a alocação dos recursos financeiros do PNAE e à aplicação em alimentos da agricultura familiar, caracterizando problemas na oferta. Verificou-se discrepância na proporção quantitativa de alimentos por aluno nas diferentes escolas, bem como no comércio descentralizado em relação a entidade articuladora.
Asociación entre factores de riesgo cardio-metabólicos, actividad física y sedentarismo en universitarios chilenos
Authors: Morales Illanes Gladys Ruth , Balboa-Castillo Teresa , Muñoz Navarro Sergio , Belmar Mardones Carlos , Soto Venegas Álvaro , Schifferli Castro Ingrid , Guillen-Grima Francisco 
Published: November 2017

Introducción: Existe una amplia evidencia en población adulta, que un alto nivel de actividad física, y un bajo nivel de sedentarismo, se asocian de forma independiente con una reducción de los Factores de Riesgo Cardio-Metabólico (FRCM). Esta asociación ha sido poco estudiada en población joven y los resultados no son concluyentes.Objetivo: Estimar la asociación entre FRCM, actividad física y sedentarismo en estudiantes universitarios chilenos.Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal. Muestra de 326 estudiantes matriculados el año 2014 en la Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco-Chile, seleccionados en forma aleatoria, estratificada según facultad, carrera y sexo. Se evaluó antropometría, presión arterial, perfil lipídico, glicemia, insulinorresistencia, consumo de tabaco y alcohol. Estas variables se asociaron con los Niveles de Actividad Física (NAF) y sedentarismo de acuerdo al cuestionario IPAQ.Resultados: Los estudiantes con un NAF bajo tuvieron mayor probabilidad de tener obesidad abdominal [OR: 4,68; IC95% 1,86-11,73], síndrome metabólico [OR: 3,80; IC 95% 1,23-11,73] y triglicéridos elevados [OR: 2,61 IC95%; 1,18-5,75], en comparación con aquellos estudiantes que realizaban un NAF moderado o vigoroso (p<0,05). No se observó asociación entre FRCM y sedentarismo, incluso luego de ajustar por actividad física.Conclusión: Encontramos asociación entre FRCM y NAF, que fue independiente del sedentarismo. Es de suma importancia implementar programas de actividad física efectivos en las universidades, motivando a los estudiantes a incrementar los NAF a rangos moderado y vigoroso con el fin de reducir el riesgo cardiovascular. Consideramos que es necesario seguir investigando la asociación entre sedentarismo y FRCM.
Double‐Crop Soybean Response to Potassium on Mid‐Atlantic Coastal Plain and Piedmont Soils
Authors: Parvej Md. Rasel , Williams Anna S. , Holshouser David L. , Frame William H. , Reiter Mark S. 
Published: November 2017

Core Ideas
Soil K at 0‐ to 15 and 0‐ to 30‐cm depths were excellent in predicting double‐crop soybean relative yield.Double‐crop soybean required more fertilizer K to maximize yield than current recommendations.Fertilizer‐K rate can be reduced if recommendations are made based on 0‐ to 30‐cm than 0‐ to 15‐cm depth.Double‐crop yield response to fertilizer K depended on soil K but not on wheat straw management.Straw management may not be an issue in recommending fertilizer K based on soil K at 0‐ to 30‐cm depth.
Potassium fertilization research on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] double cropped with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is lacking. We characterized double‐crop soybean response to fertilizer K across 22 Coastal Plain and Piedmont sites with and/or without wheat straw removal during 2013 to 2015. Mehlich‐1 soil‐K concentrations at 0‐ to 15‐ and 0‐ to 30‐cm depths were better in explaining relative yield variability (r2 = 0.80), defining critical soil‐K concentrations that ranged from 40 to 75 mg K kg−1 for 0‐ to 15‐cm and 36 to 66 mg K kg−1 for 0‐ to 30‐cm depths, and identifying K‐deficient sites (100% accurate) than soil‐K concentration at 0‐ to 60‐cm depth (r2 = 0.48; 56% accurate). Critical soil‐K concentration at 0‐ to 30‐cm depth did not change with wheat straw management, but slightly increased at 0‐ to 15‐cm depth when straw was removed. The R2 leaf‐K concentration with a critical range of 20 to 23 g K kg−1 was better (75% accurate) in diagnosing K deficiency than V5 plant‐K concentration (50% accurate) with a critical range of 17 to 23 g K kg−1. Double‐crop soybean required 33 to 119% more fertilizer K than Virginia Cooperative Extension recommendations for ≤50 mg soil‐K kg−1 at 0‐ to 15‐cm depth, but 6 to 55% less fertilizer K for similar soil K concentration at 0‐ to 30‐cm depth. Wheat straw management should not be an issue of concern for fertilizer‐K recommendations based on soil‐K concentration at 0‐ to 30‐cm depth for double‐crop soybean production on Coastal Plain and Piedmont soils.
Maize Cultivar Performance under Diverse Organic Production Systems
Authors: Huffman Ryan D. , Abel Craig A. , Pollak Linda M. , Goldstein Walter , Pratt Richard C. , Smith Margaret E. , Montgomery Kevin , Grant Lois , Edwards Jode W. , Scott M. Paul 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTMaize (Zea mays L.) performance can vary widely between different production systems. The need for high‐performing hybrids for organic systems with wide adaptation to various macroenvironments is becoming increasingly important. The goal of this study was to characterize inbred lines developed by distinct breeding programs for their combining ability and hybrid yield performance across diverse organic environments. Parent lines were selected from five different breeding programs to give a sample of publically available germplasm with potential for use in organic production systems with expired plant variety protection (Ex‐PVP) and current commercial inbreds as benchmarks. A North Carolina Design II mating design was used to produce all possible cross combinations between seven lines designated as males and seven lines designated as females. A significantly positive general combining ability for the female inbred UHF134 suggests that it performs well in hybrid combination. Significant general combining ability was not observed for any male inbred line in this study. Several significantly positive specific combining abilities suggest that nonadditive genetic effects play an important role in determining yield in this germplasm. Further analysis revealed that hybrids containing either an Ex‐PVP line or a commercial inbred line were on average superior to hybrids containing only inbreds developed by the cooperators of this study. This demonstrates the utility of testing inbreds from diverse sources when developing hybrids for organic production systems.
Quantitative Analysis of Water Infiltration in Soil Cores Using X‐Ray
Authors: Weller Ulrich , Leuther Frederic , Schlüter Steffen , Vogel Hans-Jörg 
Published: November 2017

Core Ideas
Water can be quantitatively detected in soil with X‐ray radiography.
We developed an easy calibration method to correct for beam hardening.
We also eliminated drift of X‐ray attenuation values due to detector latency.
X‐ray radiography is a suitable approach to study water dynamics in undisturbed soil. However, beam hardening impairs the deduction of soil moisture changes from X‐ray attenuation, especially when studying infiltration of water into cylindrical soil columns. We developed a calibration protocol to correct for beam hardening effects that enables the quantitative determination of changing average water content in two‐dimensional projections. The method works for a broad range of materials and is easy to implement. Moreover, we studied the drift of X‐ray attenuation values due to the detector latency and eliminated its contribution to the quantitative analysis. Finally we could visualize the dynamics of infiltrating water into undisturbed cylindrical soil samples.
Synthesis of Thymol Derivatives as Potential Non-Irritant Antimicrobial and Insecticidal Agents
Authors: El-Miligy Mostafa M.M. , Hazzaa Aly A. , El-Zemity Saad R. , Al-Kubeisi Ahmed K. 
Published: November 2017

Background:Thymol has been reported to have a variety of antimicrobial and insecticidal activities but it has irritation side effect due to its phenolic nature.Methods:A new series of potential non-irritant non-phenolic thymol derivatives were designed to hybridize the well-known biologically active thymol scaffold with various five membered heterocyclic antimicrobial and insecticidal pharmacophores like 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,3,4-thiadiazole, 1,2,4-triazole, thiazole and 4-thiazolidinone through different spacers. The target compounds were biologically evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal activities.Results:Compounds 4b and 9c showed weak antibacterial activity against S. aureus and B.subtilis with the inhibition zone diameters ranging from 2 to 7 mm and 4 mm respectively compared with ciprofloxacin with the inhibition zone diameter of 21 mm. Compounds 9a, 7d and 13b showed weak antibacterial compounds against B. subtilis with inhibition zone diameters 4, 4 and 6 mm respectively. Compounds 12b, 9c and 7a showed 20% insecticidal activity at a concentration of 0.157 mg/cm2 for each compound against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Sitophilus oryzae (L.). Compound 6 showed moderate larvicidal activity against Culex pipiens with 40% mortality at a concentration of 1000 ppm.Conclusion:Compound 9c showed weak dual antimicrobial and insecticidal activities.
CdSe Species Decorated TiO2 Nanotubes Film Via Chemical Bath Deposition for Enhancing Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Performance
Authors: Lai Chin Wei , Lau Kung Shiuh , Abd Samad Nur Azimah , Chou Pui May 
Published: November 2017

Background:
The conversion of sunlight to electrical power has been dominated by solidstate
junction devices, often made of silicon. However, this dominance is now being challenged by
the emergence of the new generation of water splitting cell (integration of photovoltaic system with
an electrolyzer to generate clean and portable H2 energy carrier. This cell normally is based on
nanocrystalline materials, which offers the prospect of cheap fabrication together with other attractive
feature such as high chemical stability and flexibility in aqueous solution under evolving oxygen
(O2) gases. However, nanocrystalline materials are facing few drawback such as recombination
losses of charge carriers and less response under visible spectrum. Therefore, an effort to minimize
the recombination losses of charge carriers and extended the spectral response of TiO2 NTs into visible
spectrum by incorporating an optimum amount of lower band gap and suitable band edge position
semiconductor (cadmium selenide [CdSe]) into the lattice of TiO2 NTs.

Methods:
An efficient approach has been demonstrated in this research work to enhance the solardriven
photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting performance by decorating CdSe species into
highly ordered TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) film through a facile and cost-effective chemical bath
deposition. Morphology, chemical properties, and electronic structures have been studied.

Results:
A maximum photocurrent density of ~2.50 mA/cm2 at 0.6V versus Ag/AgCl electrode was
exhibited by TiO2 NTs with the presence of approximately 1 at % of CdSe species. The presence of
CdSe species offered an improvement of photocurrent density under solar irradiation due to the
effective mediators to trap the photo-induced electrons and minimizes the recombination of charge
carriers within the lattice of TiO2 NTs.

Conclusion:
Hybrid CdSe-TiO2 NTs were successfully fabricated through chemical bath deposition
method in order to study the synergistic coupling effect of CdSe with TiO2 NTs on the PEC
performance. By bathing pure TiO2 NTs film in a 5 mM CdSe precursor solution extensively covered
by approximately 1 at % CdSe exhibited the highest jp of 2.50 mA/cm2 among the samples. However,
excessive deposition (≥5 mM) was neither negatively affected by the self-organized NTs nor
decreased in jp. This condition inferred that higher ionic product (Cd and Se ions) leaded to rapid
ion-by-ion condensation or adsorption of colloidal particles clogged the opening pore’s mouth of
TiO2 NTs. Thus, an improvement in the photoresponse was observed when optimum amount (~ 1 at
%) of the CdSe was deposited on TiO2 NTs film.
INVESTIGACIÓN CUALITATIVA EN CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD
Authors: Figueredo Borda Natalie 
Published: November 2017

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo exponer una de las estrategias más utilizadas en la investigación social-sanitaria, como lo es la Etnografía. Asimismo, demostrar las ventajas de su utilización a los profesionales de las Ciencias de la Salud. Se hace referencia a las formas de Etnografía más empleadas en investigaciones sanitarias con las formas de recolección de información características de cada una. El artículo presenta ejemplos de estudios que aplicaron las diferentes formas de esta estrategia en el área de la salud.
THE METHOD OF JAMES SPRADLEY IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Authors: Garrido Norman 
Published: November 2017

This paper shows the Developmental Research Sequence Method (DRS Method) developed by James Spradley. This procedure is among one of the most important global approaches in qualitative research. The strategy of Spradley was designed in a didactic way to guide the work of junior researchers whose main technique for the collection of data is the ethnographic interview. The fieldwork turns the observer into a research tool. Thus, there are necessary procedural recommendations for the proper study of the people in their life settings such as workplaces, neighborhoods, hospitals and schools, among others, spaces where individuals develop their daily lives. The basic orientations for the observation and the processing of the information are shown in a sequence of steps. The data comes from the study of phenomena, related to various branches of the social and health sciences, where people are studied in their life context The steps in this method create frameworks that guide the way to perform the analysis of the information. Hence, the researcher receives suggestions that place him constantly between the analysis of data and the collection of information in the field work. The use of this type of recursive technique allows him to adapt the observation, based on the questions and objectives of the study that has been carried out. It is of great help for obtaining data to guide the research towards connected results in the process of knowing, describing and getting recommendations to intervene in the contexts studied.
¿Solos con su cuerpo? Capacidad de los adolescentes para actos médicos en Argentina
Authors: Lafferriere Jorge Nicolas 
Published: November 2017

El Código Civil y Comercial de la Argentina en su artículo 26 introduce un sistema gradual de capacidad para las personas menores de edad en relación a los tratamientos médicos. Partiendo de la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño y de las leyes de Salud Sexual y de derechos del paciente, estudiaremos el artículo, sus fundamentos y la distinción entre los tipos de tratamientos médicos y las edades del niño. También analizaremos las otras disposiciones sobre la responsabilidad parental y las leyes especiales referidas a temas de salud que continúan vigentes. Procuraremos mostrar que la mayoría de edad anticipada en materia médica tuvo origen en el contexto de los debates sobre el acceso de adolescentes a los anticonceptivos y que la extensión que realiza el nuevo Código Civil a todos los “tratamientos médicos” resulta problemática, desordenada, insuficiente y contradictoria con otras normas recientes.
Effects of At-home Bleaching in Smokers: 30-month Follow-up
Authors: de Geus JL , Fernández E , Kossatz S , Loguercio AD , Reis A 
Published: November 2017

SUMMARY

Objective:
This clinical study evaluated the color longevity after 30 months of at-home bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) in smokers and nonsmokers.

Methods:
Sixty patients, 30 smokers and 30 nonsmokers, were subjected to bleaching with 10% CP (Whiteness Perfect–FGM) for three hours daily for three weeks. The color was measured at baseline and at one month and 30 months after the completion of dental bleaching using the shade guide Vita classical organized by value (ΔSGU) and the shade guide Vita Bleachedguide 3D-MASTER. At the 30-month recall, the color was assessed before and after dental prophylaxis. Data from color evaluation were analyzed by two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and Tukey test for the contrast of means (α=0.05).

Results:
Twenty-one smokers and 22 nonsmokers attended the 30 month recall. For both shade guides, only the main factor of assessment time was statistically significant (p&lt;0.001). Effective whitening was observed in both groups at the baseline, which was stable at one month. However, color rebound was observed after 30 months for both groups of participants when color was measured before and after dental prophylaxis.

Conclusion:
Thirty months after at-home bleaching with 10% CP gel, dental darkening was detected in both groups, which cannot be solely attributed to stains caused by extrinsic staining from daily food, drinks, and smoke (in smokers).
CARACTERIZACION DE LA PULPA DE AJÍ TABASCO (Capsicum frutescens L.) CULTIVADA EN EL DEPARTAMENTO DE SUCRE – COLOMBIA
Authors: Tejada-Tovar Candelaria Nahir , Villabona-Ortiz Ángel , Granados-Conde Clemente 
Published: November 2017

El fruto del ají tabasco (Capsicum frutescens), pertenece a la familia de las Solanáceas y al género Capsicum, posee un elevado contenido vitamínico, además posee minerales como fosforo, calcio, potasio y hierro. En Colombia se comercializa en fresco constituyéndose en toda una industria que representa ganancia para los fruticultores. Por lo tanto, se caracterizó la pulpa de ají tabasco (Capsicum frutescens) cultivada en el municipio de Ovejas ubicado en el departamento de Sucre – Colombia. El ají tabasco (Capsicum frutescens), fue recolectada en el municipio de Ovejas, ubicado en el departamento de Sucre (9°31′33″N 75°13′38″O). La pulpa se obtuvo a partir del fruto; y le se determinó contenido de vitamina C (ácido ascórbico), acidez (% ácido cítrico), solidos solubles totales (°Brix), índice de maduración, humedad, ceniza, grasa, proteínas, fibra cruda, carbohidratos y minerales (Fosforo, calcio, potasio y hierro).El contenido de ceniza 0,70%, humedad 88%, proteína 1,60%, grasa 0,75%, fibra cruda 2,6%, carbohidratos 8,95%, °Brix 8,43, 0,5% ácido cítrico, índice de maduración 16,90, y Vitamina C 107mg ácido ascórbico. El mineral más abundante presente en la pulpa es el potasio con un valor de 212,5mg. El fruto del ají tabasco (Capsicum frutescens), es considerada como promisorio para diseñar productos nutracéuticos por su elevado contenido de vitamina C (ácido ascórbico).Palabras clave: Fruta, vitamina C, Capsicum frutescens L