bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
III. Observations on the History and Use of Seals in England. By Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. Secretary, in a Letter to Samuel Lysons, Esq. V.P. F.R.S.
Authors: Ellis Henry 
Published: July 2016

I beg, through your hands, to transmit to the Society of Antiquaries the first of a short series of Papers on the History and Use of Seals in England.Numerous and large works on Seals have appeared upon the Continent, but in England, with the exception of Mr. Lewis's Treatise, they have only been incidentally illustrated.The observations which I propose to lay, from time to time, before the Society, will perhaps be found to contain some curious facts; but they are rather intended to produce inquiry than offered on my own part, as even approximating to a complete Memoir.
XXXVI. An Account of an ancient Gold Ring found in Coventry Park in the Year 1802. By Thomas Sharp, Esq. of Coventry, in a Letter to Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. Secretary
Authors: Sharp Thomas 
Published: July 2016

As you expressed a wish to exhibit my ancient Gold Ring to the Society, I with much pleasure communicate the following account of it.The Ring was found in Coventry Park, near the Town Wall, in the autumn of 1802, by a person getting up potatoes, and weighs 1 oz. 13dwts. 8 grains.
VIII. Account of Antiquities discovered at Southsleet, in Kent, in a Letter from the Rev. Peter Rashleigh to the Right Honourable Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K. B. P. R. S. and F. S. A.
Authors: Rashleigh Peter 
Published: July 2016

As a discovery which I have lately made in this parish within a few fields of my house, will, I trust, be interesting to you and all antiquaries, I have taken up my pen to send you some account of it.A few days ago, as some men were ploughing in a field, in this parish, they perceived one of their horses feet to sink in the ground, which, upon examination, proved to be in the mouth of an urn; fortunately the horse did not break it, and the men dug it up; they examined its contents, and finding no coins, but that what it contained consisted only of some burnt bones and pieces of broken glass of a bluish colour and very thick, they threw them again into the hole and covered them up, bringing the urn home, which is now in my possession.
The development of national and international co-operation between art libraries
Authors: Walker William B. 
Published: July 2016

Definitions are offered of the terms ‘fine arts’ and ‘special libraries’. The scope and organisation of fine art libraries are described, followed by a history of the growth of art library societies in various countries, and the movement towards international co-operation. Art libraries are demonstrated to be a suitable category to constitute a new Section in the Special Libraries Division of IFLA.(The text of a paper presented at the Special Libraries Division Program Meeting of IFLA in Brussels, 8 September, 1977.)
The information needs of industrial designers
Authors: Austen Benedict 
Published: July 2016

The information needs of practising designers are only rarely to be found in the traditional printed sources. Rather the designer requires current data such as details of product availability and exact specifications. Documentary library services may meet some of these needs but the ideal library from a designer’s point of view would contain not only a comprehensive coverage of design history information in monograph and periodical form but also a large collection of product samples and an extensive referral service to sources of expertise in industry and in research organisations.(Based on a paper presented to the ARLIS Seminar on User Education held at Leeds Polytechnic, 7–8 April, 1978.)In the section ‘Plan for Action for Librarians’ a great deal is asked of the library service for what it is suggested is in the short run a formidable if not impossible task. The intention is to raise many issues in the hope that individual libraries or other organisations might pursue those activities for which they have resources.The views expressed in this article are the author’s own and do not necessarily reflect those of the Design Council.
The economics of book publishing
Authors: Nicoli John 
Published: July 2016

A variety of elements go to make up the cost of the average academic book, quite apart from the profit margin which must itself be divided between the author, the printer, the publisher and the bookseller. The problems of the economics of book publishing are discussed, together with the implications of technological achievements and limitations. An alternative approach to the sponsoring and marketing of scholarly art books is suggested, one which could result in better produced books at lower prices.This paper was delivered to the Association of Art Historians Conference at Cardiff on 1 April 1978. Anyone knowledgeable about the technology of printing or the economics of publishing will recognise short cuts and oversimplifications in the argument. I am only too aware of these deficiencies, but I believe that the thesis put forward is still essentially correct. J.N.
Response to ARLIS statement ’Art libraries in Polytechnics’
Authors: Wood Kath 
Published: July 2016

Following the publication of ‘Art libraries in polytechnics’ in Art Libraries Journal, 4(1), Spring 1979, it seems appropriate to outline some of the reservations towards it that have been voiced by several Polytechnic art librarians, lest what has appeared as an ARLIS policy statement be taken to imply a total commitment to it by all of those whom it concerns most.A certain amount of historical background seems necessary to cast light on the introductory statement which appeared alongside the statement when published.
Manifesto for an art libraries society
Authors: Pacey Philip 
Published: July 2016

Art librarians share a passion for art and a determination to solve the practical problems of art librarianship. They may be brought together initially by the desire to overcome their isolation, but once together they achieve corporate strength. Art librarians have formed associations since 1924, but with gathering momentum since the late 1960s, culminating in the creation of an international association within IFLA. ‘Internationalism’ in the arts should mean a celebration of, and interaction between, distinctive national and regional cultural traditions. Five suggestions are put forward for consideration by any national art libraries association.
1)The inclusion within the association of every type of art librarian and art library.2)An examination of the provision of art documentation in the country as a whole, paying particular attention to documentation of the country’s own art (including design, crafts, folk art and popular culture).3)A consideration of the country’s art library collections and services as a whole, and of their potential as an integrated network.4)Participation in international co-operation and in the activities of the IFLA Section of Art Libraries.5)The development of members’ awareness of the ideals and objectives of art librarianship.(The text of a paper presented to a meeting of ARLIS Norge at Oslo on January 25th 1984).
The Creswell Library of Islamic Art and Architecture at the American University in Cairo Part Two: The Evolution of a Teaching Library 1973-1992
Authors: Tovell Joyce Pressey 
Published: July 2016

From 1973 until early 1992, the Creswell Library of Islamic Art and Architecture, first established at the American University in Cairo (AUC) in 1957, evolved from a restricted research library dominated by its original owner, K. A. C. Creswell, into a teaching and research branch library integrated within the university’s library system. International politics and university-wide library needs delayed improvements, but the Creswell collection was fully catalogued and interfiled when the new Main Library opened in 1982. As use of the Creswell Library accelerated, stacks nominally closed were opened to faculty and trusted students until standard procedures resumed after a 1989 budget and staff increase, anticipating the library’s 1992 incorporation in AUC’s new Rare Book and Special Collections Library.A marked increase in MA degrees awarded in the discipline and in use by visiting researchers during the library’s final years testifies to its effectiveness in supporting the study of Islamic art. Assessments of the library’s overall contribution, however, must balance the value of a core collection of beautiful books, little used, against an incalculable loss: the records of Cairo buildings no longer extant that would have resulted from the larger student group a more accessible library would have encouraged.
‘Art is no trivial matter’: the Barnes Foundation Archives and Library
Authors: Beaucar Barbara , Pruitt Adrienne , Rawdon Katy 
Published: July 2016

The Barnes Foundation is an educational institution located near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Foundation’s world-renowned art collection and its twelve-acre arboretum serve its mission to promote the advancement of education and the appreciation of fine arts and horticulture, through classes and workshops held in the Gallery and the Arboretum. The staff of the Foundation’s long-neglected archives and library is in the process of organizing and cataloguing its collections, and has recently completed a major grant-funded project to create finding aids for several of them.‘[A]rt is no trivial matter, no device for the entertainment of dilettantes, or upholstery for the houses of the wealthy, but a source of insight into the world, for which there is and can be no substitute, and in which all persons who have the necessary insight may share.’ – Albert C. Barnes, Preface to Art and education (Merion, Pennsylvania: The Barnes Foundation Press, 1929), vi.
Arable Sheep
Authors: Thomas J. F. H. 
Published: July 2016

The management of an arable flock is more complex than that of any other livestock enterprise : it involves a more intimate crop-livestock association than exists in any other farming system, and to some extent the great decline in arable sheepfarming that has taken place during the past fifty years is due to the fact that it is a difficult way of farming ; there are of course, other reasons why the decline in arable sheep farming has taken place and I propose to deal with these very briefly.
I feel it is first necessary to point out that agricultural scientists and research workers have contributed practically nothing that would benefit the arable flock owner. Since the days of the late Professor Wrightson no eminent agriculturist has shown any interest in the fortunes of the arable sheep farmer, with the exception of the late Sir Daniel Hall, who once wrote an account of an ill-fated flock of Hampshire Downs kept on unsuitable land in Hampshire.
An Account of a Recent Investigation of Wool Growth
Authors: Palmer Nancy 
Published: July 2016

In 1941 a flock of Romney sheep was made available for work on fertility and wool growth. This flock has been kept at the Animal Research Station at Cambridge. The marked seasonal variations in the quality and quantity of wool produced must therefore be considered in relation to the climatic conditions around Cambridge.
It has been found that the weight of wool and the length and diameter of the fibres change markedly with season. Wool growth is always poor in the winter and good in the summer. The question immediately arises as to whether such marked seasonal variation is due to bad nutrition, particularly in the winter.
Breeding of Beef Cattle
Authors: Stewart W. A. 
Published: July 2016

To-day we are considering the possibilities of improvement for beef production, and it may be useful at the outset to examine briefly the methods which were successfully employed by some of the great improvers of the past.
In Bakewell's time, 1726–1795, the cattle of the English Midlands were descended from every sort which had come to Britain, except that there had apparently been little mixing with the Scandinavian hornless cattle. Hornless cattle were still confined mainly to coastal areas. The colours and colour patterns varied greatly, and some cattle were the full size of the Dutch, while others were much smaller. Some had short horns ; others had the long wavy horns which had come in with the Roman cattle, so they were generally called Longhorns. It is perhaps worth recalling that the cattle of those days were a sort of non-specialized general purpose, or actually triple purpose. The bigger beasts had been valued for draft, the cows for milk, and the carcasses of both draft-bullocks and cows were ultimately of value for beef. Incidentally, there is little doubt that the Dutch cows were the best milkers. The breeds which became the Shorthorn were dual purpose, but were bred for a long period for beef (from the 1790's to the 1870's).
Beef from Dairy and Dual Purpose Calves
Authors: Mansfield W. S. 
Published: July 2016

It was with some reluctance that I consented to speak on this subject this morning for two very good reasons, the first being that our experiments on this subject which are now under way at Cambridge (and which some of you at least have seen and know something of) have not yet reached the point when anything can safely be published, and the second that, apart from these experiments, I have very little to say on the subject that is new or that I can support with sufficient exact data which is not already well known to most of you.
In view of this you may very well wonder why my reluctance was overcome. The answer is simple; it was because I believe the subject to be so important, and also because I have had very considerable practical experience of it spread over many years.
The Scottish Sheep Industry
Authors: Fraser Allan 
Published: July 2016

The Scottish sheep industry is today merely a part of the United Kingdom sheep industry governed centrally through national price control. Nevertheless, Scotland, considered as a geographical unit, does and will remain, and geography has, as I need not remind you here, a great deal to do with any agricultural industry, whether Scottish or otherwise.That fact is apt to be forgotten where we have—as we have today in the United Kingdom—a planned food policy, implemented by a planned agricultural price policy. Such planning, enforced by price structure, will inevitably change the agricultural face of any country. It has already changed the agricultural face of this country.
The Farmer's Experience: South-West Scotland
Authors: Ross George P. 
Published: July 2016

I have four dairy farms, two with pedigree Ayrshire herds and two with pedigree Friesian herds. We have a fifth herd we keep at home as a hobby herd, with special heifers and cows, and which my wife specially looks after.On the four commercial farms we produce Certified milk. We milk about sixty cows; we also occasionally breed a pedigree bull; and we are interested in good records of butterfat. We find that the incidence of mastitis in pedigree cows is extremely important, because if a good-looking cow with a beautiful pedigree and a first-class record is suddenly struck with mastitis her whole history is ruined from the practical farmer's point of view. This is so important that on the four commercial farms we take regular monthly tests from each quarter of each cow. These are reported to me as well as to the veterinarian and to the herdsman who is handling the cows.
Farming in the West Midlands (Summary only)
Authors: Mercer W. B. 
Published: July 2016

West Midland farming is very varied—from intensive dairying in Cheshire and Staffordshire to intensive arable work in central Shropshire; from hop growing in Worcestershire and Herefordshire to store raising in the hills and summer feeding on the heavy clays of Warwickshire.South Cheshire is the focal point of the great milk producing country which stretches from North Wales to Nottingham. Milk is the key note of farming throughout Cheshire and Staffordshire and a great part of north Shropshire. This was the home of farmhouse cheese-making. The region is naturally fertile and has been well worked for a long time; though lime shortage is still considerable. It is densely stocked with cows and carries a high human population; smallholdings are very numerous. No area in the country carries such a high cattle stock per acre. It looks as though numbers of cows have at last reached their peak, though the output of milk is still rising. There has been a great movement towards ensilage, particularly grass ensilage, in recent years. Attestation is now going strong after a slow start.
Cattle Feeding in the Midlands
Authors: Passmore Maurice 
Published: July 2016

I am going to speak on die farming area that lies between Banbury, Rugby, Northampton and runs on to Harborough and the Welland Valley. I don't know much about the northern part of this area so my remarks will be confined to an area or about 20 miles round Daventry.This part of England has been a fattening area for hundreds of years; the soil varies from clay to a stiff loam; rainfall is about 25 in. The land is fairly well fenced with thorn hedges and much of it is in ridge and furrow. It has never been manured extravagantly but quite a bit of linseed and cotton cake was fed when they were about £6 a ton. The grassland has been maintained by careful stock management; the manure was regularly “beaten” (i.e. spread) and still is in some cases. On every farm there is the best field, and the farm usually goes into four grades. The first will finish a bullock, the next a heifer, and the third a cow, and the last is store land.
The Use and Interpretation of Progeny Tests in Livestock Improvement
Authors: Robertson Alan 
Published: July 2016

This paper will in the main deal with the possibilities of the use of progeny testing for the improvement of livestock, in particular under British conditions. Before dealing with individual species, it will perhaps be of value to consider the problem generally and create a framework in which the practical discussion may more fruitfully be carried on.Let us consider first then an ideal case in which we are dealing with a large population of animals all kept under the same general conditions of management. In such a situation, it is possible to predict, using recent advances in population genetics, the probable genetic improvement that could be achieved by different selection programmes. The basic factor that needs to be known for such a calculation is the heritability of the character for which selection is practised—the accuracy with which the breeding value can be predicted from the performance. From the heritability, the accuracy of a progeny test in measuring the breeding value of a sire can be calculated and by this means the probable rate of advance in a progeny testing programme can be evaluated.
The Experimental Shortening of the Generation Interval
Authors: Adams C. E. 
Published: July 2016

To those engaged in the improvement of livestock the problem of the generation interval needs virtually no introduction. In mammals, the generation interval consists of two well-defined phases :(a) the interval between birth and sexual maturity and(b) the gestation period.Whereas the length of gestation within a species is a relatively fixed period subject only to minor variations, the ages at which puberty and sexual maturity are attained are very variable, being influenced both by genetic and environmental factors. Thus, breed, strain, season of birth, plane of nutrition and system of management all contribute to determining the onset of puberty and eventual attainment of sexual maturity.
Carbohydrate supplements for beef cattle on grass/clover and grass/lucerne mixtures
Authors: Alder F. E. , Head M. J. , Berting J. F. R. 
Published: July 2016

It is generally recognised that spring grass does not provide a balanced ration for the grazing animal, since it contains excess of nitrogenous substances in relation to carbohydrate. Young lucerne similarly contains more nitrogen than is necessary to provide a balanced feed. When grazing these types of herbage, the animal wastes much of the ingested nitrogen. If the ration included carbohydrate rich foods in addition to the high quality herbage, the animal might be able to utilise more of the nitrogen it is consuming.In this country little experimental evidence is available on the use of carbohydrate supplements for beef cattle, although several firms produce high carbohydrate cakes with low fibre content, for feeding in conjunction with young succulent grass.
The value of rumen inoculations and of diets containing sweetening agents for calves weaned on to dry food at three weeks of age
Authors: Preston T. R. 
Published: July 2016

The successful outcome of early weaning and dry feeding of calves would appear to depend upon, among other things, the early establishment in the calf’s rumen of a microbial association similar to that in the adult ruminant. Inoculating the rumen of such calves with’ rumen contents from older animals might be a method of hastening this development.In an earlier experiment in this series (Preston, 1956), it was found that by substituting linseed cake meal in place of dried skimmed milk in the meal mixture caused a reduction in consumption of the mixture and adversely affected growth rate. This indicated that it might be beneficial to incorporate in the diet some form of sweetening agent.
Environmental Education in a Culturally Diverse School
Authors: Tangen Donna , Fielding-Barnsley Ruth 
Published: July 2016

AbstractSchool gardens provide a unique learning environment for English as Second Language (ESL) students; students are able to engage in experiential outdoor learning that will enhance in-class lessons. This study evaluated the effects of school gardening on ESL students' learning about good nutrition. Data collected indicated that there were positive gains in student learning and feelings of belonging to the school community. Indications from the study suggest that teacher attitudes play a big part in ESL student engagement in the learning process for environmental education. Garden-enhanced lessons about nutrition provided experiential learning for ESL students that effectively supported in-class learning.
Families, Homes and Environmental Education
Authors: Payne Phillip G. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe findings from a study of how Green families construct and practise versions of an environmental ethic and ecopolitic in the home are suggestive of how environmental education in schools might be revised. In this study, the green home proved to be a very different form of environmental education and practice of sustainability. Children's environmental learning was closely associated with theirdoingof practical things in the home in relation to the everyday environmental problematic. But this embodied, situated and practicaldoing as learninghinged upon their parents' environmental commitments and the family's functioning as they were respectively “structured”—materially, symbolically, geographically and historically by the social relations and conditions of the home, availability of resources, school and community networks, and prevailing cultural climate. Hence, this study of household ecologies, orpostmodern oikos, provides evidence and insights for the further development of environmental education curricula and pedagogical strategies, understandings of a range of factors influencing learners' environmental engagement and action and, consequently, ecologically focussed research endeavours.