bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levodopa modulates small‐world architecture of functional brain networks in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Berman Brian D. , Smucny Jason , Wylie Korey P. , Shelton Erika , Kronberg Eugene , Leehey Maureen , Tregellas Jason R. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundPD is associated with disrupted connectivity to a large number of distributed brain regions. How the disease alters the functional topological organization of the brain, however, remains poorly understood. Furthermore, how levodopa modulates network topology in PD is largely unknown. The objective of this study was to use resting‐state functional MRI and graph theory to determine how small‐world architecture is altered in PD and affected by levodopa administration.MethodsTwenty‐one PD patients and 20 controls underwent functional MRI scanning. PD patients were scanned off medication and 1 hour after 200 mg levodopa. Imaging data were analyzed using 226 nodes comprising 10 intrinsic brain networks. Correlation matrices were generated for each subject and converted into cost‐thresholded, binarized adjacency matrices. Cost‐integrated whole‐brain global and local efficiencies were compared across groups and tested for relationships with disease duration and severity.ResultsData from 2 patients and 4 controls were excluded because of excess motion. Patients off medication showed no significant changes in global efficiency and overall local efficiency, but in a subnetwork analysis did show increased local efficiency in executive (P = 0.006) and salience (P = 0.018) networks. Levodopa significantly decreased local efficiency (P = 0.039) in patients except within the subcortical network, in which it significantly increased local efficiency (P = 0.007).ConclusionsLevodopa modulates global and local efficiency measures of small‐world topology in PD, suggesting that degeneration of nigrostriatal neurons in PD may be associated with a large‐scale network reorganization and that levodopa tends to normalize the disrupted network topology in PD. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Ultra‐wideband and high‐efficiency cross polarization converter based on anisotropic metasurface
Authors: Lin Bao‐Qin , Da Xin‐Yu , Wu Jia‐Liang , Li Wei , Fang Yin‐Wu , Zhu Zi‐Hang 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTIn this letter, an ultra‐wideband and high‐efficiency reflective cross‐polarization converter based on an anisotropic metasurface for linearly polarized EM waves is proposed. Its unit cell is composed of a two‐corner‐cut square patch mounted on grounded dielectric substrate, which is an anisotropic structure with a pair of mutually perpendicular symmetric axes u and v along
directions with respect to y‐axis direction. Numerical simulations indicate that the polarization converter can convert x‐ or y‐polarized incident wave to its cross‐polarized wave in the frequency range from 10.0 to 18.4 GHz with a relative bandwidth of 59.2% and a conversion efficiency higher than 99%. We present a detailed analysis for its polarization conversion, and derive one equation which can calculate the co‐ and cross‐polarized reflected magnitudes at y‐polarized incidence according to the phase differences between the two reflected coefficients at u‐polarized and v‐polarized incidences. The simulated, calculated, and measured results are all in agreement. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2402–2405, 2016
Design of compact multiband MIMO antenna for the mobile handsets
Authors: Fu Yu , Yang Guo‐Min 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTA compact multiband MIMO antenna with four cubic elements covering DCS1800, PCS1900, UMTS2100, LTE2300, WLAN 2.4 GHz and WiMAX 3.5 GHz bands for the mobile handhelds is presented. For each cubic element, a novel structure with slots around the feeding point is designed for the impedance matching and a parasitic element under the radiating cubic element is designed for the bandwidth enhancement. To improve the performance of the signal correlation in the MIMO system, four interdigital structures are etched in the ground plane to achieve great isolation within a wide frequency band. The obtained isolation between each two ports is less than −20 dB in the wide operational bandwidth and the envelope correlation coefficient is reduced below 0.08. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2411–2415, 2016
Design and analysis of an ultrathin X‐band polarization‐insensitive metamaterial absorber
Authors: Thummaluru Sreenath Reddy , Mishra Naveen , Chaudhary Raghvendra Kumar 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTThis article investigates on the design and analysis of an ultrathin X‐band metamaterial absorber in the microwave frequency regime. The proposed structure consist of four‐fold symmetry, and it has been exhibiting 99.6% absorptivity at the frequency of 8.65 GHz with full width at half maximum (FWHM) bandwidth of 331.8 MHz (8.4777 GHz ‐ 8.8095 GHz). The metamaterial characteristics of the proposed unit cell are verified with the help of dispersion plot. The working mechanism of the proposed absorber structure has been explained here by the E‐field, H‐field and the impedance plots. The absorptivity of the proposed structure have been investigated at different polarizations angles. In addition to above, MTM property is also shown by plotting permittivity and permeability plots. At the resonance frequency of 8.65 GHz, the input impedance of the designed absorber is 371.6 Ω, nearly equal to the free space impedance value. The designed absorber is of ultrathin thickness (λ0/40) with respect to center frequency fc = 8.65 GHz. The proposed structure has been fabricated and simulated results are experimentally verified for the fabricated proto‐type. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2481–2485, 2016
Anti‐ganglioside antibodies in Guillain–Barré syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in Chinese patients
Authors: Fan Chenghe , Jin Haiqiang , Hao Hongjun , Gao Feng , Sun Yongan , Lu Yuanyuan , Liu Yuanyuan , Lv Pu , Cui Wei , Teng Yuming , Huang Yining 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTIntroduction: In this study we investigated the relationships between anti‐ganglioside antibodies and Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). Methods: Samples from 48 Chinese patients diagnosed with GBS and 18 patients diagnosed with CIDP were retrospectively reviewed. Results: In the GBS patients, 62.5% were classified as having acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), 27.1% were found to have acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN), and 10.4% were unclassified. Serum IgG anti‐ganglioside antibodies were detected in 46.2% of the AMAN patients and in 6.7% of the AIDP patients (P < 0.05); 5.6% of the 18 CIDP patients were IgG antibody positive, and 27.8% were IgM antibody positive. Facial palsy and sensory impairment were significantly associated with IgM antibodies. Conclusions: These results suggest that IgG anti‐GM1 antibodies are associated with AMAN, but not with AIDP, and that IgM antibodies against GM1, GM2, and GM3 are associated with facial nerve palsy. Muscle Nerve 55: 470–475, 2017
The fascial suspension of the prostate: A cadaveric study
Authors: Dalpiaz Orietta , Anderhuber Friedrich 
Published: July 2016

AimsAnalysis and description of the supporting fascial structure around the prostate and urethra, which needs to be preserved or restored during radical prostatectomy (RP).MethodsAnatomical dissection of 10 male cadavers was performed and the supporting fascial structures of bladder neck, prostate, and proximal urethra were investigated. The cadavers were embalmed according to Thiel's method, which preserves a natural texture and color of tissues.ResultsAnteriorly, the puboprostatic ligament (PL), the dorsal vein complex, and the urethropelvic ligament form an integral structure that suspends and stabilizes the prostatic apex. Laterally, the fascia originates from the fascial tendinous arch of the pelvis and stabilizes the prostate in the central position. In the posterolateral aspect, we could demonstrate a tendineous dorsal raphe, which represents an important stabilization structure of the urethra.ConclusionsThe anterior and posterior pelvic fascial structure seems to be important stabilizer for the prostate and proximal urethra. Their preservation or reconstruction during RP is mandatory to restore the anatomic and functional continuity of the bladder neck and urethra. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:1131–1135, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development and psychometric properties of a measure of catheter burden with bladder drainage after pelvic reconstructive surgery
Authors: Carpenter Janet S. , Heit Michael , Rand Kevin L. 
Published: July 2016

AimsCatheter burden after pelvic reconstructive surgery is an important patient‐reported quality of life outcome in research and clinical practice. However, existing tools focus on long‐term catheter users rather than short‐term postoperative patients. The study aim was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a modified version of the intermittent self‐catheterization questionnaire (ISC‐Q) in postoperative pelvic reconstructive patients.MethodsAfter experts convened to discuss and modify the ISC‐Q items based on their knowledge of women's experiences and clinical practices, 178 women (108 with transurethral and 70 with suprapubic catheters) completed the modified scale and other measures as part of a larger parent study designed to assess health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) following pelvic reconstructive surgery requiring bladder drainage.ResultsDuring psychometric testing, the modified ISC‐Q was reduced to six items encompassing two factors: a three‐item difficulty of use factor and a 3‐item embarrassment factor. The new scale was named the short‐term catheter burden questionnaire (STCBQ). The two‐factor model was robust in both subsamples. Only scores within and not between subsamples can be meaningfully compared due to a lack of scalar invariance. Correlations among STCBQ total scores, subscores, and a single satisfaction item indicated good construct validity. Correlations with patient demographics provided further information about the scale.ConclusionsThe STCBQ is a short, efficient assessment of short‐term catheter burden following pelvic reconstructive surgery. The scale can be used as an important patient reported outcome measure in clinical practice and research. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:1140–1146, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Phenotyping women with detrusor underactivity by presumed etiology: Is it plausible?
Authors: Brown Elizabeth T. , Cohn Joshua A. , Kaufman Melissa R. , Dmochowski Roger R. , Reynolds William S. 
Published: July 2016

AimsUnderactive bladder (UAB) is a symptom complex with poorly characterized causation. The aim of this study was to determine if clinical and UDS parameters differed between categories of presumed detrusor underactivity (DU) etiologies.MethodsA retrospective review was performed at a single institution from 2011 to 2015 to identify patients with symptoms of UAB. Patients were excluded if they were male, had anti‐incontinence, or pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgery within 1 year, or the UDS did not demonstrate DU as defined within. Subjects were stratified by etiology into four cohorts: cardiovascular disease manifestations (CV), cardiac risk factors (CVR), neurologic (N), or idiopathic (I). Patient demographics, comorbidities, symptomatology, physical exam, and UDS parameters were compared.ResultsA total of 200 patients met inclusion criteria (CV: n = 53 [26.5%], CVR: n = 44 [22%] N: n = 81 [40.5%], I: n = 22 [11%]). Women in the CV cohort were significantly older and more likely to be post‐menopausal (P < 0.001). There were no differences between cohorts for BMI (P = 0.48), recurrent UTI (P = 0.63), history of urinary retention (AUR) (P = 0.65), POP (0.49), American Urological Association Symptom Score (AUA‐SS) (P = 0.06), presenting symptomatology [urgency, frequency, urgency urinary incontinence, AUR, incomplete emptying, hesitancy, UTI (P = 0.97)], or UDS parameters (first sensation [P = 0.25], normal desire [P = 0.80], strong desire [P = 0.58], capacity [P = 0.11], Qmax [P = 0.50], Pdet at Qmax [P = 0.22], post‐void residual [P = 0.82]).ConclusionsThough differences were observed between cohorts for age and menopausal status, clinical or urodynamic parameters did not demonstrate distinct differences across presumed categories of etiology, suggesting that the etiology of DU may be multifactorial. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:1151–1154, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Heavy metals accumulation affects bone microarchitecture in osteoporotic patients
Authors: Scimeca Manuel , Feola Maurizio , Romano Lorenzo , Rao Cecilia , Gasbarra Elena , Bonanno Elena , Brandi Maria Luisa , Tarantino Umberto 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTBone metabolism is affected by mechanical, genetic, and environmental factors and plays a major role in osteoporosis. Nevertheless, the influence of environmental pollution on the occurrence of osteoporosis is still unclear and controversial. In this context, heavy metals are the most important pollutants capable to affect bone mass. The aim of this study was to investigate whether heavy metals accumulation in bone tissues could be related to the altered bone metabolism and architecture of osteoporotic patients. To this end, we analyzed 25 bone head biopsies osteoporotic patients and 25 bone head biopsies of osteoarthritic patients. Moreover we enrolled 15 patients underwent hip arthroplasty for high‐energy hip fracture or osteonecrosis of the femoral head as a control group. Bone head biopsies were studied by BioQuant‐osteo software, scanning electron microscopy and Energy Dispersive X‐ray microanalysis. We found a prevalence of lead, cadmium and chromium accumulation in osteoporotic patients. Noteworthy, high levels of sclerostin, detected by immunohistochemistry, correlate with the accumulation of heavy metal found in the bone of osteoporotic patients, suggesting a molecular link between heavy metal accumulation and bone metabolism impairment. In conclusion, the presence of heavy metals into bone shed new light on the comprehension of the pathogenesis of osteoporosis since these elements could play a non redundant role in the development of osteoporosis at cellular/molecular and epigenetic level. Nevertheless, in vivo and in vitro studies need to better elucidate the molecular mechanism in which heavy metals can participate to osteoporosis. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1333–1342, 2017.
Using a Checklist in Robotic‐Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy Procedures
Authors: Jing Jiamei , Honey Michelle L.L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractRobotic surgical systems are relatively new in New Zealand and have been used mainly for laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Checklists are successfully used in other industries and health care facilities, so we developed a checklist for use during robotic‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP) procedures. After a two‐month trial using the checklist, we calculated the completeness of each phase of the checklist as a percentage of the number of completed checklists versus total number of compliant checklists in that phase. Operating room personnel participated in an audiotaped focus group and discussed their perceptions about using the RALRP checklist. We collected, transcribed, and reviewed the focus group discussion and thematically analyzed the responses, which confirmed that the checklist served as a guideline and reminder during the setup. Additionally, staff members associated the checklist with improved OR readiness, minimized workflow interruption, improved efficiency, and positive changes in confidence and teamwork.
Strategies for Successful Perioperative Orientation
Authors: Mollohan Joseph K. , Morales Maria 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe successful orientation of new employees facilitates their transition to the complex and demanding world of perioperative nursing. Whether a nurse is a recent graduate or an experienced nurse who has recently joined the facility or department, a new nurse benefits from a transition period during which new skills, processes, and concepts can be learned. Training should offer new employees the opportunity to develop competency, experience, collegial relationships, clinical judgment, and, overall, specialized knowledge for application in the clinical setting. Concerns surrounding orientation and training include the initial costs for training and the possibility of new employees leaving after the completion of training. The associated costs can be staggering, but adopting perioperative nurse residency programs may be a way to provide quality, high‐level training and improve retention rates while minimizing long‐term costs.
Clinical Issues‐August 2016
Authors: Ogg Mary J. 
Published: July 2016

This MonthAssessing discharge risks for infants and toddlers who have undergone moderate sedationKey words: patient discharge, pediatric, caregiver, moderate sedation.Assessing a child for sleep apneaKey words: pediatric, obstructive sleep apnea, moderate sedation.Using a frailty index to assess surgical patientsKey words: frailty, surgical complications, older adult, Braden Scale, Fried Frailty Criteria.Determining the need for IV access in patients undergoing local anesthesiaKey words: local anesthesia, IV, preoperative assessment.
Characterization of p75 neurotrophin receptor expression in human dental pulp stem cells
Authors: Pan Wenru , Kremer Karlea L. , Kaidonis Xenia , Ludlow Victoria E. , Rogers Mary‐Louise , Xie Jianling , Proud Christopher G. , Koblar Simon A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractHuman adult dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) are a heterogeneous stem cell population, which are able to differentiate down neural, chondrocyte, osteocyte and adipocyte lineages. We studied the expression pattern of p75 neurotrophin receptors (p75NTR), a marker of neural stem cells, within human DPSC populations from eight donors. p75NTR are expressed at low levels (<10%) in DPSC. Importantly, p75+ DPSC represent higher expression levels of SOX1 (neural precursor cell marker), SOX2 (cell pluripotency marker) and nestin (neural stem cell marker) in comparison to p75− DPSC. Our results suggest that p75+ hDPSC may denote a subpopulation with greater neurogenic potential.
Therapeutic potential of melatonin in oral medicine and periodontology
Authors: Najeeb Shariq , Khurshid Zohaib , Zohaib Sana , Zafar Muhammad Sohail 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMelatonin (N‐acetyl‐5‐methoxy tryptamine) is a substance secreted by multiple organs in vertebrates. In addition to playing a part in the circadian cycle of the body, melatonin is known to have antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antioncotic effects on human tissues. Oral cavity is affected by a number of conditions such as periodontitis, mucositis, cancers, and cytotoxicity from various drugs or biomaterials. Research has suggested that melatonin is effective in treating the aforementioned pathologies. Furthermore, melatonin has been observed to enhance osseointegration and bone regeneration. The aim of this review is to critically analyze and summarize the research focusing on the potential of melatonin in the field of oral medicine. Topical administration of melatonin has a positive effect on periodontal health and osseointegration. Furthermore, melatonin is particularly effective in improving the periodontal parameters of diabetic patients with periodontitis. Melatonin exerts a regenerative effect on periodontal bone and may be incorporated into of periodontal scaffolds. The cytotoxic effect of various drugs and dental materials may be countered by the antioxidant properties of melatonin. Topical administration of melatonin promotes the healing of tooth extraction sockets and may also impede the progression of oral cancer. Although, there are a number of current and potential applications of melatonin, further long term clinical and animal studies are needed to assess its efficacy. Moreover, the role of melatonin supplements in the management of periodontitis should also be assessed.
Assessing the subglacial lake coverage of Antarctica
Authors: Goeller Sebastian , Steinhage Daniel , Thoma Malte , Grosfeld Klaus 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTLakes beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet are known to decrease traction at the ice base and therefore can have a great impact on ice dynamics. However, the total extent of Antarctic subglacial lakes is still unknown. We address this issue by combining modeling and remote-sensing strategies to predict potential lake locations using the general hydraulic potential equation. We are able to reproduce the majority of known lakes, as well as predict the existence of many new and so far undetected potential lakes. To validate our predictions, we analyzed ice-penetrating radar profiles from radio-echo sounding flights acquired over 1994–2013 in Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica, and this led to the identification of 31 new subglacial lakes. Based on these findings, we estimate the total number of Antarctic subglacial lakes to be ~1300, a factor of three higher than the total number of lakes discovered to date. We estimate that only ~30% of all Antarctic subglacial lakes and ~65% of the total estimated lake-covered area have been discovered, and that lakes account for 0.6% of the Antarctic ice/bed interface.
Incidence of Domestic Violence Against Pregnant Females After the Great East Japan Earthquake in Miyagi Prefecture: The Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Authors: Sakurai Kasumi , Nishigori Hidekazu , Nishigori Toshie , Mizuno Satoshi , Obara Taku , Iwama Noriyuki , Watanabe Zen , Ishikuro Mami , Tatsuta Nozomi , Nishijima Ichiko , Sugawara Junichi , Fujiwara Ikuma , Arima Takahiro , Kuriyama Shinichi , Metoki Hirohito , Takahashi Fumiaki , Nakai Kunihiko , Yaegashi Nobuo ,   Japan Environment & Children’s Study Group
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to clarify the correlation between the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and domestic violence (DV) against pregnant females after the disaster in Miyagi Prefecture, an area damaged by the earthquake and tsunami.MethodsWe analyzed 7600 pregnant females from June to December 2011. The incidence of physical and mental DV and the proportions in the inland, north coastal, and south coastal areas of Miyagi Prefecture and nationwide were calculated, and a chi-square test was conducted for comparison. The risk factors for DV were estimated with multivariate logistic regression analyses on a prefecture-wide basis.ResultsThe incidence levels for physical DV were found to be 5.9% in the north coastal area, which was significantly higher than in the inland area (1.3%, P=0.0007) and nationwide (1.5%, P<0.0001). There were no significant differences in the incidence of mental DV between the 3 areas in Miyagi Prefecture (inland 15.2%, north coast 15.7%, and south coast 18.8%) or nationwide (13.8%). Experiencing disease or injury in someone close and changes in the family structure were significantly associated with mental DV in Miyagi Prefecture.ConclusionContinuous monitoring and support for pregnant females may be necessary to address this issue in disaster-affected areas. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:216–226)