bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of No‐Till Practice on Runoff and Nonpoint Source Pollution from an Intensively Farmed Field in Korea
Authors: Choi Yonghun , Won Chulhee , Shin Minhwan , Park Woonji , Lee Suin , Shin Yongchul , Shin Jaeyoung 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA 2‐year runoff plot study was conducted under simulated rainfall to explore the effects of no‐till (NT) practice on the runoff ratio and NPS pollution in an intensive farming region of Korea. Eight 5 × 30 m runoff plots, four each on 3 and 8% slopes, were prepared in existing loamy sand fields. Cultivation in two plots on each slope followed conventional practice (CT). Six rainfall simulations were conducted during the study, each of a nominal 1 h duration and 30 mm h‐1 intensity. The runoff ratio of the NT plots decreased 64.9% compared with that of the CT plots. The reduction of NPS pollution load by the NT treatment was 88.3% (SS), 79.0% (CODCr), 86.4% (CODMn), 66.4% (BOD), 67.6% (TN) and 73.6% (TP) compared to losses from the CT plots, with no reduction in average crop yield. Runoff reduction was a key factor in the reduction of pollution loads. The study demonstrated that agricultural NPS pollution loads can be significantly reduced by the application of no‐till practice without harming crop productivity. Furthermore, NPS pollution loads can be controlled better if management practices are targeted for runoff reduction rather than concentration reduction. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of the local pulmonary distribution of nanoparticles administered intratracheally to rats via gavage needle or microsprayer delivery devices
Authors: Zhang Guihua , Shinohara Naohide , Oshima Yutaka , Kobayashi Toshio , Imatanaka Nobuya , Kawaguchi Kenji , Gamo Masashi 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIntratracheal administration methods are used to conduct toxicological assessments of inhaled nanoparticles (NPs), and gavage needles or microsprayers are common intratracheal delivery devices. The NP suspension is delivered in a liquid state via gavage needle and as a liquid aerosol via microsprayer. The differences in local pulmonary NP distribution (called the microdistribution) arising from the different states of the NP suspension cause differential pulmonary responses; however, this has yet to be investigated. Herein, using microbeam X‐ray fluorescence microscopy, we quantitatively evaluated the TiO2 pulmonary microdistribution (per mesh: 100 μm × 100 μm) in lung sections from rats administered an intratracheal dose of TiO2 NPs (6 mg kg−1) via gavage needle or microsprayer. The results revealed that: (i) using a microsprayer appears to reduce the variations in TiO2 content (ng mesh−1) among rats (e.g., coefficients of variation, n = 3, microsprayer vs gavage needle: 13% vs 30%, for the entire lungs); (ii) TiO2 appears to be deposited less in the right middle lobes than in the rest of the lung lobes, irrespective of the chosen intratracheal delivery device; and (iii) similar TiO2 contents (ng mesh−1) and frequencies are deposited in the lung lobes of rats administered TiO2 NPs via gavage needle or microsprayer. This suggests that the physical state of the administered NP suspension does not markedly alter TiO2 pulmonary microdistribution. The results of this investigation are important for the standardization of intratracheal administration methods. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of electroactive nanofibers based on thermoplastic polyurethane and poly(o‐ethoxyaniline) for biological applications
Authors: Cruz Karina Ferreira Noronha , Formaggio Daniela Maria Ducatti , Tada Dayane Batista , Cristovan Fernando Henrique , Guerrini Lilia Müller 
Published: October 2016

AbstractElectroactive nanofibers based on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and poly(alkoxy anilines) produced by electrospinning has been explored for biomaterials applications. The thermoplastic polyurethane is a biocompatible polymer with good mechanical properties. The production of TPU nanofibers requires the application of high voltage during electrospinning in order to prepare uniform mats due to its weak ability to elongate during the process. To overcome this limitation, a conductive polymer can be incorporated to the process, allowing generates mats without defects. In this study, poly(o‐ethoxyaniline) POEA doped with dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) was blended with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) by solution method. Films were produced by casting and nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning. The effect of the POEA on morphology, distribution of diameter and cell viability of the nanofibers was evaluated. The results demonstrated that the incorporation of POEA in TPU provided to the mats a suitable morphology for cellular growth. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 601–607, 2017.
In vivo cytochrome P450 activity alterations in diabetic nonalcoholic steatohepatitis mice
Authors: Li Hui , Clarke John D. , Dzierlenga Anika L. , Bear John , Goedken Michael J. , Cherrington Nathan J. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractNonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has been identified as a source of significant interindividual variation in drug metabolism. A previous ex vivo study demonstrated significant changes in hepatic Cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity in human NASH. This study evaluated the in vivo activities of multiple CYP isoforms simultaneously in prominent diabetic NASH mouse models. The pharmacokinetics of CYP selective substrates: caffeine, losartan, and omeprazole changed significantly in a diabetic NASH mouse model, indicating attenuation of the activity of Cyp1a2 and Cyp2c29, respectively. Decreased mRNA expression of Cyp1a2 and Cyp2c29, as well as an overall decrease in CYP protein expression, was found in the diabetic NASH mice. Overall, these data suggest that the diabetic NASH model only partially recapitulates the human ex vivo CYP alteration pattern. Therefore, in vivo determination of the effects of NASH on CYP activity should be conducted in human, and more appropriate models are required for future drug metabolism studies in NASH.
Bipartite Intrinsically Knotted Graphs with 22 Edges
Authors: Kim Hyoungjun , Mattman Thomas , Oh Seungsang 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA graph is intrinsically knotted if every embedding contains a nontrivially knotted cycle. It is known that intrinsically knotted graphs have at least 21 edges and that the KS graphs, K7 and the 13 graphs obtained from K7 by moves, are the only minor minimal intrinsically knotted graphs with 21 edges [1, 9, 11, 12]. This set includes exactly one bipartite graph, the Heawood graph. In this article we classify the intrinsically knotted bipartite graphs with at most 22 edges. Previously known examples of intrinsically knotted graphs of size 22 were those with KS graph minor and the 168 graphs in the K3, 3, 1, 1 and families. Among these, the only bipartite example with no Heawood subgraph is Cousin 110 of the family. We show that, in fact, this is a complete listing. That is, there are exactly two graphs of size at most 22 that are minor minimal bipartite intrinsically knotted: the Heawood graph and Cousin 110.
Histological validation of cardiac magnetic resonance T1 mapping for detecting diffuse myocardial fibrosis in diabetic rabbits
Authors: Zeng Mu , Zhang Nan , He Yi , Wen Zhaoying , Wang Zhanhong , Zhao Yike , Greiser Andreas , An Jing , Zhang Tianjing , Jing Bin , Zhang Xin , Fan Zhanming , Li Debiao 
Published: October 2016

PurposeTo pathologically verify the correlation between native T1 mapping, postcontrast T1 mapping, and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) and myocardial diffuse fibrosis, as determined by collagen volume fraction (CVF).Materials and MethodsThirty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the control group (n = 6), diabetes 3 months group (n = 8), diabetes 6 months group (n = 8), and diabetes 9 months group (n = 8). All the rabbits underwent clinical 3.0T magnetic resonance (MR) examinations with pre‐ and postcontrast modified Look–Locker inversion recovery T1 mapping. For the histological study, each rabbit was sacrificed after MR scanning, hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining of the left ventricular myocardium were performed, and CVF was calculated. Pre‐ and postcontrast T1 values and ECV were compared to CVF using Pearson's correlation coefficients.ResultsTwo rabbits died in each diabetes group, thus each group included six rabbits. ECV calculated from pre‐ and postcontrast T1 values showed a very strong correlation with CVF (r = 0.876, P < 0.001), whereas postcontrast T1 values exhibited a moderate correlation with CVF (r = –0.564, P = 0.004). In contrast, precontrast T1 values showed no correlation with CVF (r = 0.311, P = 0.139).ConclusionECV has a very strong correlation with pathological CVF, and can be used to assess the degree of diffuse myocardial fibrosis better than the postcontrast T1 value. Precontrast T1 value has no significant correlation with diffuse myocardial fibrosis. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:1179–1185.
Observational study on the safety profile of gadoterate meglumine in 35,499 patients: The SECURE study
Authors: Soyer Philippe , Dohan Anthony , Patkar Deepak , Gottschalk Andreas 
Published: October 2016

PurposeTo investigate the safety of gadoterate meglumine and identify the incidence of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF).Materials and MethodsAn international prospective observational study was conducted from November 2008 to June 2013. A total of 35,499 adults and children who were scheduled to undergo contrast‐enhanced MRI using gadoterate meglumine were analyzed (female, 53.1%; mean age: 49.5 years; range: 0‐98 years). At least 3‐month follow‐up was planned for patients with an estimated creatinine clearance or glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min (/1.73 m2) to detect any suspicion or occurrence of NSF. Adverse events (AEs) were prospectively recorded. Demographic data, risk factors, indications for MRI examinations, characteristics of gadoterate meglumine administration, and efficacy were documented.ResultsMRI examinations were mainly for central nervous system (61%). The most frequent risk factor was renal insufficiency (14.7%). Seventy AEs were observed in 44 patients (0.12%). Among the 70 AEs, 38 in 32 patients (0.09% of all patients) were considered related to gadoterate meglumine and classified as adverse drug reaction (ADR).The most frequent ADRs were urticaria (9 patients, 0.03%), nausea (7 patients, 0.02%), and vomiting (4 patients, 0.01%). Within the pediatric population (1,629 patients), only one AE (vomiting) was observed. Nine adult patients (0.03%) experienced serious AEs. Moderate to severe renal insufficiency at inclusion was reported in 514 patients (1.5%). Among them, 476 (92.6%) were followed‐up. No patients were suspected of having NSF and no cases of NSF were observed.ConclusionOur study confirms the excellent safety profile of gadoterate meglumine in routine practice.Level of Evidence: 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:988–997
Washout appearance in Gd‐EOB‐DTPA‐enhanced MR imaging: A differentiating feature between hepatocellular carcinoma with paradoxical uptake on the hepatobiliary phase and focal nodular hyperplasia‐like nodules
Authors: Kim Jeong Woo , Lee Chang Hee , Kim Soo Byn , Park Bit Na , Park Yang Shin , Lee Jongmee , Park Cheol Min 
Published: October 2016

PurposeTo identify the most reliable imaging features for differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma with paradoxical uptake on the hepatobiliary phase (HCCpara) from focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH)‐like nodules using Gd‐EOB‐DTPA‐enhanced MRI.Materials and MethodsThis was a retrospective study. Twenty patients with HCCpara and 21 patients with FNH‐like nodules were included. The following MRI features were evaluated using 3.0 Tesla unit by two radiologists: signal intensity (SI) on T1‐, T2‐, and diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI), arterial enhancement pattern, washout appearance on the portal venous phase (PVP) and/or transitional phase (TP), uptake pattern on the hepatobiliary phase (HBP), “T2 scar,” “EOB scar,” and chemical shift on in‐ and out‐of‐phase images. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess MRI features for prediction of HCCpara.ResultsCompared with FNH‐like nodules, HCCpara had significantly more frequent heterogeneous T1 SI (P < 0.0001), T2 hyperintensity (P = 0.032), heterogeneous arterial enhancement (P < 0.0001), washout appearance on the PVP and/or TP (P < 0.0001), heterogeneous uptake on the HBP (P < 0.0001), absence of “EOB scar” (P < 0.0001), and hyperintensity on DWI (P = 0.004). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed washout appearance as the only independent imaging feature associated with HCCpara (odds ratio, 7.019; P = 0.042). Washout appearance also showed the best diagnostic performance with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 100%.ConclusionWashout appearance on the PVP and/or TP is the most reliable imaging feature for differentiating HCCpara from FNH‐like nodules.Level of Evidence: 3J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;45:1599–1608
Use of T1ρMR imaging in Sjögren's syndrome with normal appearing parotid glands: Initial findings
Authors: Chu Chen , Zhou Nan , Zhang Huayong , Dou Xin , Li Ming , Liu Song , Zhu Yun , Chen Weibo , Chan Queenie , He Jian , Sun Lingyun , Zhou Zhengyang 
Published: October 2016

PurposeTo explore the feasibility of parotid spin‐lattice relaxation time in the rotating frame (T1ρ) MR imaging in the diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) without morphological changes of the parotid glands.Materials and MethodsThe study enrolled 32 consecutive SS patients without morphological changes of parotid glands and 32 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy volunteers who underwent parotid 3.0 Tesla MR imaging, including T1ρ sequences. Follow‐up imaging was performed at 3 months. T1 signal intensities and T1ρ values of bilateral parotid glands were compared using paired samples t‐test. Parotid T1 signal intensities and T1ρ values were compared using two independent samples t‐test. Diagnostic performance of the parotid T1ρ values was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic analysis. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to evaluate the reproducibility of parotid T1ρ measurements.ResultsThere were no significant differences of T1 signal intensities and T1ρ values between bilateral parotid glands in SS patients and healthy volunteers (P = 0.170, 0.886 and 0.942, 0.229). The parotid T1ρ values of SS patients (96.47 ± 15.38 ms) were significantly higher than those of healthy volunteers (84.25 ± 6.11 ms) (P < 0.001), while there were no significant differences of T1 signal intensities between SS patients and healthy volunteers (P = 0.655). With a cutoff value of 88.02 ms, the sensitivity and specificity of the parotid T1ρ value was 75.0% and 100.0% in the diagnosis of SS. The reproducibility of parotid T1ρ measurement was excellent (ICC: 0.934−0.995).ConclusionParotid T1ρ MR imaging held a potential role in diagnosing SS without morphological changes of parotid glands.Level of Evidence: 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:1005–1012
Knee imaging: Rapid three‐dimensional fast spin‐echo using compressed sensing
Authors: Kijowski Richard , Rosas Humberto , Samsonov Alexey , King Kevin , Peters Rob , Liu Fang 
Published: October 2016

PurposeTo investigate the feasibility of using compressed sensing (CS) to accelerate three‐dimensional fast spin‐echo (3D‐FSE) imaging of the knee.Materials and MethodsA 3D‐FSE sequence was performed at 3T with CS (CUBE‐CS with 3:16‐minute scan time) and without CS (CUBE with 4:44‐minute scan time) twice on the knees of 10 healthy volunteers to assess signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) using the addition‐subtraction method and once on the knees of 50 symptomatic patients to assess diagnostic performance. SNR of cartilage, muscle, synovial fluid, and bone marrow on CUBE and CUBE‐CS images were measured in the 10 healthy volunteers. The CUBE and CUBE‐CS sequences of all 50 symptomatic patients were independently reviewed twice by two musculoskeletal radiologists. The radiologists used CUBE and CUBE‐CS during each individual review to determine the presence or absence of knee joint pathology. Student's t‐tests were used to compare SNR values between sequences, while the kappa statistic was used to determine agreement between sequences for detecting knee joint pathology. Sensitivity and specificity of CUBE and CUBE‐CS for detecting knee joint pathology was also calculated in the 18 symptomatic patients who underwent subsequent arthroscopic knee surgery.ResultsCUBE and CUBE‐CS had similar SNR (P = 0.15–0.67) of cartilage, muscle, synovial fluid, and bone marrow. There was near‐perfect to perfect agreement between CUBE and CUBE‐CS for both radiologists for detecting cartilage and bone marrow edema lesions, medial and lateral meniscus tears, anterior cruciate ligament tears, effusions, and intra‐articular bodies. CUBE and CUBE‐CS had similar sensitivity (75.0–100%) and specificity (87.5–100%) for detecting 60 cartilage lesions, 20 meniscus tears, four anterior cruciate ligament tears, and four intra‐articular bodies confirmed at surgery.ConclusionCS provided a 30% reduction in scan time for 3D‐FSE imaging of the knee without a corresponding decrease in SNR or diagnostic performance.Level of Evidence: 1J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;45:1712–1722
Fast comprehensive single‐sequence four‐dimensional pediatric knee MRI with T2 shuffling
Authors: Bao Shanshan , Tamir Jonathan I. , Young Jeffrey L. , Tariq Umar , Uecker Martin , Lai Peng , Chen Weitian , Lustig Michael , Vasanawala Shreyas S. 
Published: October 2016

PurposeTo develop and clinically evaluate a pediatric knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique based on volumetric fast spin‐echo (3DFSE) and compare its diagnostic performance, image quality, and imaging time to that of a conventional 2D protocol.Materials and MethodsA 3DFSE sequence was modified and combined with a compressed sensing‐based reconstruction resolving multiple image contrasts, a technique termed T2 Shuffling (T2Sh). With Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, 28 consecutive children referred for 3T knee MRI prospectively underwent a standard clinical knee protocol followed by T2Sh. T2Sh performance was assessed by two readers blinded to diagnostic reports. Interpretive discrepancies were resolved by medical record chart review and consensus between the readers and an orthopedic surgeon. Image quality was evaluated by rating anatomic delineation, with 95% confidence interval. A Wilcoxon rank‐sum test assessed the null hypothesis that T2Sh structure delineation compared to conventional 2D is unchanged. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated for interobserver agreement. Imaging time of the conventional protocol and T2Sh was compared.ResultsThere was 81% and 87% concordance between T2Sh reports and diagnostic reports, respectively, for each reader. Upon consensus review, T2Sh had 93% sensitivity and 100% specificity compared to clinical reports for detection of clinically relevant findings. The 95% confidence interval of diagnostic or better rating was 95–100%, with 34–80% interobserver agreement. There was no significant difference in structure delineation between T2Sh and 2D, except for the retinaculum (P < 0.05), where 2D was preferred. Typical imaging time for T2Sh and the conventional exam was 7 and 13 minutes, respectively.ConclusionA single‐sequence pediatric knee exam is feasible with T2Sh, providing multiplanar, reformattable 4D images.Level of Evidence: 2J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;45:1700–1711
Limitations of the hCMEC/D3 cell line as a model for Aβ clearance by the human blood‐brain barrier
Authors: Biemans Elisanne A.L.M. , Jäkel Lieke , de Waal Robert M.W. , Kuiperij H. Bea , Verbeek Marcel M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAlzheimer's disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy are characterized by accumulation of amyloid‐β (Aβ) at the cerebrovasculature due to decreased clearance at the blood‐brain barrier (BBB). However, the exact mechanism of Aβ clearance across this barrier has not been fully elucidated. The hCMEC/D3 cell line has been characterized as a valid model for the BBB. In this study we evaluated the use of this model to study Aβ clearance across the BBB, with an emphasis on brain‐to‐blood directional permeability. Barrier integrity of hCMEC/D3 monolayers was confirmed for large molecules in both the apical to basolateral and the reverse direction. However, permeability for smaller molecules was substantially higher, especially in basolateral to apical direction, and barrier formation for Aβ was completely absent in this direction. In addition, hCMEC/D3 cells failed to develop a high TEER, possibly caused by incomplete formation of tight junctions. We conclude that the hCMEC/D3 model has several limitations to study the cerebral clearance of Aβ. Therefore, the model needs further characterization before this cell system can be generally applied as a model to study cerebral Aβ clearance. © 2016 The Authors Journal of Neuroscience Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
How negative social interactions at work seep into the home: A prosocial and an antisocial pathway
Authors: Klumb Petra L. , Voelkle Manuel C. , Siegler Sebastian 
Published: October 2016

SummaryWe combined Bakker and Demerouti's spillover–crossover model with Taylor's biobehavioral perspective, tested the comprehensive model, and pursued a set of gender‐related research questions. Negative work interactions were expected to entail two strain responses, high‐ and low‐arousal negative affect. Both should be related to cortisol secretion but transmitted via different social pathways, a positive and a negative one. During a 7‐day ambulatory assessment with 56 couples, we assessed daily variations in the severity of negative social interactions at work and at home along with participants' affect and cortisol levels. Using multilevel structural equation modeling, we found evidence for the three hypothesized processes: strain at work as a consequence of social stress, spillover of strain into the home, and crossover to the partner. On socially more stressful days, participants showed increased high‐ and low‐arousal negative affect at work. Low‐arousal negative affect spilled over into the home. Only for men, high‐arousal negative affect spilled over, and only women showed a tendency for slowed decline of cortisol levels on more socially stressful days (i.e., slower recovery). Surprisingly, high‐arousal negative affect at work tended to be negatively related to partners' high‐arousal negative affect. Commonalities predominated differences between men and women. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.