bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal diagnosis of submicroscopic chromosomal aberrations in fetuses with ventricular septal defects by chromosomal microarray‐based analysis
Authors: Du Liu , Xie Hong‐Ning , Huang Lin‐Huan , Xie Ying‐Jun , Wu Li‐Hong 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the usefulness of chromosomal microarray analysis in fetuses with ventricular septal defects (VSDs) with or without associated anomalies and normal karyotype.MethodsFetuses with VSDs and normal karyotypes were investigated by using an Affymetrix CytoScan HD array. The cases were classified as isolated or nonisolated VSDs.ResultsAmong the 52 VSD fetuses, 22 (42.3%) had isolated defects and 30 (57.7%) had additional other ultrasound anomalies. Twenty‐six CNVs were identified in 18 fetuses (34.6%), 15 benign CNVs were detected in 11 (21.2%) fetuses, and 8 pathogenic CNVs were detected in 6 (11.5%) fetuses. After excluding 2 fetuses with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, the rate of pathogenic CNVs was 7.7%. The proportion of variants of unknown significance was 5.8% (3/52). In five cases, additional malformations were detected after birth or abortion, and one case had a prenatal isolated VSD. The detection rate of pathogenic CNVs in nonisolated VSDs was nonsignificantly higher than that in prenatal or postnatal isolated VSDs (4.5%, 1/22 vs 16.7%, 5/30, P = 0.226; 0/21 vs 19.4%, 6/31, P = 0.07).ConclusionsThe results demonstrated the value of chromosomal microarray analysis in the prenatal diagnosis of VSDs. The complexity of other defects enhanced the frequency of pathogenic CNVs, although the results were not significantly different. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clinical Experience with Daptomycin in Pediatrics
Authors: Namtu Katie C. , Crain Julianna C. , Messina Allison F. , Dumois Juan A. , Berman David M. 
Published: November 2016

IntroductionThe management of gram‐positive infections has been complicated in recent years by the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, leaving fewer options for therapy. Daptomycin is a lipopeptide antibiotic used for the systemic treatment of gram‐positive infections. It has a distinct mechanism of action and a favorable side effect profile, and it requires once/day dosing. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic data in neonatal and pediatric patients. The objective of this study was to review our experience with daptomycin use for the treatment of gram‐positive infections in these patient populations.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of electronic medical records of hospitalized children who received daptomycin between October 2008 and June 2014 for the treatment of proven gram‐positive infections.ResultsOf the 146 patients who received at least 3 days of daptomycin therapy, 109 patients had a proven gram‐positive infection and were included for further analysis. Of the 109 patients, 71 were males (65%) and the median age was 12 years (range: 2.5 mo to 24 yrs). The median duration of therapy was 12 days (range: 3–121 days; mean = 16 days). Catheter‐related bloodstream infections were the most common type of infections (n=81 patients) in those receiving daptomycin treatment. One hundred seven patients (98%) had documented improvement and resolution at the time of hospital discharge. One hundred four patients (95%) had a baseline creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level obtained. Of these 104 patients, 48 (46%) had at least one follow‐up CPK level after the start of therapy. Three patients’ charts showed laboratory evidence of elevated CPK values.ConclusionsThe majority of patients demonstrated clinical improvement after receiving daptomycin as primary therapy for proven gram‐positive infections. Larger randomized controlled trials focusing on safety and efficacy are necessary to assess these outcomes with daptomycin use in the pediatric population.
Polymer carbon dots—a highlight reviewing their unique structure, bright emission and probable photoluminescence mechanism
Authors: Song Yubin , Zhu Shoujun , Shao Jieren , Yang Bai 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTIn recent years, a novel fluorescent material, carbon dots (CDs), is becoming a hot topic. Recent research works found that some types of CDs with high quantum yield are mainly composed of polymer structures or polymer/carbon hybrid structures rather than the pure carbon/graphite structure. These types of CDs, named as polymer carbon dots (PCDs) here, are drawing growing interests due to the designed hybrid structure and functional integration. Typically, PCDs are nano‐sized particles possessing abundant polymer structures with low carbonization degree, prepared from the monomers or non‐conjugated polymers by condensation, crosslinking, assembling, or slightly carbonization processes. In this highlight, we bring up the new concept of PCDs and discuss the relationships among non‐conjugated polymer, PCDs and CDs, demonstrating that the possible fluorescence mechanism of PCDs is inferred as crosslink enhanced emission effect. Furthermore, the structure, properties, and synthetic methods of the reported typical PCDs were summarized and prospected. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 610–615
The use of stable carbene‐CO2 adducts for the polymerization of trimethylene carbonate
Authors: Katharina Reitz Annika , Sun Qian , Wilhelm René , Kuckling Dirk 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTThe synthesis of poly(trimethylene carbonate) via carbene catalyzed ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) was investigated. The N‐heterocyclic carbenes were protected as CO2‐adducts to improve their handling (e.g., carbene generation without base). The influence of catalyst structure, different solvents and microwave radiation on conversion, molecular weight and end groups was investigated to gain an insight into the reaction mechanism. Different NHC structures were investigated for their catalytic activity toward the ROP of trimethylene carbonate. The analytic studies were performed by using NMR spectroscopy, SEC and ESI‐IMS mass spectrometry. It was found that the reaction can be performed in acetonitrile, toluene, THF and CH2Cl2. Synthesis in CH2Cl2 allows the best control over the resulting polymer with regards to polydispersity and molecular weight. Microwave radiation accelerates the reaction at 80 °C. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 820–829
Therapy processes, progress, and outcomes for 2 therapies for gynecological cancer patients
Authors: Manne Sharon L. , Myers‐Virtue Shannon , Kashy Deborah A. , Ozga Melissa , Kissane David , Heckman Carolyn , Morgan Mark 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectiveAlthough a number of effective psychotherapies have been identified for cancer patients, little is known about therapy processes, as they unfold the course of treatment and the role of therapy processes in treatment outcome. We used growth curve modeling to evaluate the associations between therapy processes and outcomes among gynecological cancer patients participating in 2 types of therapy.MethodsTwo hundred twenty five women newly diagnosed with gynecological cancer were randomly assigned to receive 8 sessions of a coping and communication intervention or a client‐centered supportive therapy. Participants completed measures of preintervention and postintervention depression, working alliance after Session 2, and postsession progress and depressive symptoms after each session. Therapists completed measures of perceived patient progress.ResultsBoth patients and therapists reported a steady increase in session progress and patients reported a steady decrease in depressive symptoms over the course of both the coping and communication intervention and client‐centered supportive sessions. Perceived progress in one session predicted progress in the subsequent session. Early working alliance predicted improved session progress and reductions in postsession depressive symptoms over sessions. Working alliance did not predict prepost treatment changes in depression. Patient‐rated session progress predicted greater reductions in pretreatment to posttreatment depression, but therapist‐rated progress did not.ConclusionsFor 2 types of treatment delivered to women diagnosed with gynecological cancer, patient‐rated session progress and depressive symptoms rated over therapy sessions may serve as a yardstick that can be useful to therapists to gauge patient's response to treatment.
Aspergillosis and the role of mucins in cystic fibrosis
Authors: Cowley Abigail C. , Thornton David J. , Denning David W. , Horsley Alexander 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThe prevalence of aspergillosis in CF patients has until recently been underestimated, but increasing evidence suggests that it may play an important role in the progression of CF lung disease. In healthy airways, Aspergillus fumigatus can be efficiently removed from the lung by mechanisms such as mucociliary clearance and cough. However, these mechanisms are defective in CF, allowing pathogens such as A. fumigatus to germinate and establish chronic infections within the airways. The precise means by which A. fumigatus contributes to CF lung disease remain largely unclear. As the first point of contact within the lung, and an important component of the innate immune system, it is likely that the mucus barrier plays an important role in this process. Study of the functional interplay between this vital protective barrier, and in particular its principal structural components, the polymeric gel‐forming mucins, and CF pathogens such as A. fumigatus, is at an early stage. A. fumigatus protease activity has been shown to upregulate mucus production by inducing mucin mRNA and protein expression, and A. fumigatus proteases and glycosidases are able to degrade mucins. This may allow A. fumigatus to alter mucus barrier properties to promote fungal colonization of the airways and/or utilize mucins as a nutrient source. Moreover, conidial surface lectin binding to mucin glycans is a key aspect of clearance of Aspergillus from the lung in health but may be an important aspect of colonization, where mucociliary clearance is compromised, as in the CF lung. Here we discuss the nature of the mucus barrier and its mucin components in CF, and how they may be implicated in A. fumigatus infection. Pediatr Pulmonol 2017;52:548–555. © 2016 The Authors. Pediatric Pulmonology. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New insights into interactions between the nucleotide‐binding domain of CFTR and keratin 8
Authors: Premchandar Aiswarya , Kupniewska Anna , Bonna Arkadiusz , Faure Grazyna , Fraczyk Tomasz , Roldan Ariel , Hoffmann Brice , Faria da Cunha Mélanie , Herrmann Harald , Lukacs Gergely L. , Edelman Aleksander , Dadlez Michał 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe intermediate filament protein keratin 8 (K8) interacts with the nucleotide‐binding domain 1 (NBD1) of the cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane regulator (CFTR) with phenylalanine 508 deletion (ΔF508), and this interaction hampers the biogenesis of functional ΔF508‐CFTR and its insertion into the plasma membrane. Interruption of this interaction may constitute a new therapeutic target for CF patients bearing the ΔF508 mutation. Here, we aimed to determine the binding surface between these two proteins, to facilitate the design of the interaction inhibitors. To identify the NBD1 fragments perturbed by the ΔF508 mutation, we used hydrogen–deuterium exchange coupled with mass spectrometry (HDX‐MS) on recombinant wild‐type (wt) NBD1 and ΔF508‐NBD1 of CFTR. We then performed the same analysis in the presence of a peptide from the K8 head domain, and extended this investigation using bioinformatics procedures and surface plasmon resonance, which revealed regions affected by the peptide binding in both wt‐NBD1 and ΔF508‐NBD1. Finally, we performed HDX‐MS analysis of the NBD1 molecules and full‐length K8, revealing hydrogen‐bonding network changes accompanying complex formation. In conclusion, we have localized a region in the head segment of K8 that participates in its binding to NBD1. Our data also confirm the stronger binding of K8 to ΔF508‐NBD1, which is supported by an additional binding site located in the vicinity of the ΔF508 mutation in NBD1.
Use of restrained molecular dynamics to predict the conformations of phosphorylated receiver domains in two‐component signaling systems
Authors: Foster Clay A. , West Ann H. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTTwo‐component signaling (TCS) is the primary means by which bacteria, as well as certain plants and fungi, respond to external stimuli. Signal transduction involves stimulus‐dependent autophosphorylation of a sensor histidine kinase and phosphoryl transfer to the receiver domain of a downstream response regulator. Phosphorylation acts as an allosteric switch, inducing structural and functional changes in the pathway's components. Due to their transient nature, phosphorylated receiver domains are challenging to characterize structurally. In this work, we provide a methodology for simulating receiver domain phosphorylation to predict conformations that are nearly identical to experimental structures. Using restrained molecular dynamics, phosphorylated conformations of receiver domains can be reliably sampled on nanosecond timescales. These simulations also provide data on conformational dynamics that can be used to identify regions of functional significance related to phosphorylation. We first validated this approach on several well‐characterized receiver domains and then used it to compare the upstream and downstream components of the fungal Sln1 phosphorelay. Our results demonstrate that this technique provides structural insight, obtained in the absence of crystallographic or NMR information, regarding phosphorylation‐induced conformational changes in receiver domains that regulate the output of their associated signaling pathway. To our knowledge, this is the first time such a protocol has been described that can be broadly applied to TCS proteins for predictive purposes. Proteins 2016; 85:155–176. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ConoSurf: Open‐source 3D scanning system based on a conoscopic holography device for acquiring surgical surfaces
Authors: Brudfors Mikael , García‐Vázquez Verónica , Sesé‐Lucio Begoña , Marinetto Eugenio , Desco Manuel , Pascau Javier 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundA difficulty in computer‐assisted interventions is acquiring the patient's anatomy intraoperatively. Standard modalities have several limitations: low image quality (ultrasound), radiation exposure (computed tomography) or high costs (magnetic resonance imaging). An alternative approach uses a tracked pointer; however, the pointer causes tissue deformation and requires sterilizing. Recent proposals, utilizing a tracked conoscopic holography device, have shown promising results without the previously mentioned drawbacks.MethodsWe have developed an open‐source software system that enables real‐time surface scanning using a conoscopic holography device and a wide variety of tracking systems, integrated into pre‐existing and well‐supported software solutions.ResultsThe mean target registration error of point measurements was 1.46 mm. For a quick guidance scan, surface reconstruction improved the surface registration error compared with point‐set registration.ConclusionsWe have presented a system enabling real‐time surface scanning using a tracked conoscopic holography device. Results show that it can be useful for acquiring the patient's anatomy during surgery.
Power allocation design and optimization for secure transmission in cognitive relay networks
Authors: Zhang Pei , Liu Yi‐Liang , Zhang Jian‐ming , Wang Liang‐min 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this paper, physical layer security is investigated in the dual‐hop amplify‐and‐forward cognitive relay network with one secondary source, one secondary destination, multiple cognitive relays under the presence of multiple primary receivers and eavesdroppers which can be either primary receivers or secondary receivers. The power allocation method at secondary source and artificial noise at relays are utilized to secure the secondary source‐destination transmission. Two optimization problems, namely, to maximize the received signal‐to‐interference‐and‐noise ratio of secondary source in the lightly‐loaded relay cluster situation, and to minimize the relay cluster total power in the fully‐loaded relay cluster situation, are formulated. In addition, these two problems should ensure both physical‐layer security and lower interference temperature. The semi‐definite relaxation technique is used to solve the considered optimization problems. In the second problems, we further optimize the performance with the help of the bisection method. Complexity analysis shows that our proposed method is efficient and also can be solved in polynomial time. Theoretical analysis and the Monte‐Carlo simulation results validate the proposed method. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experience report: implementing requirement traceability throughout the software development life cycle
Authors: Akman Suha , Özmut Mert , Aydın Burak , Göktürk Serhat 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe developed traceability model is essential in helping project members, project managers and customers, all understand the product at all stages of the software development life cycle and maintain the integrity of the design information. Utilizing a well designed development environment and an environment support team is vital in maintaining the requirement traceability. With the requirement traceability, the customers' requirement status can be monitored and the relationships among requirements, design decisions, and code can be accessed to reuse already developed products or analyze the change impacts, which in turn benefits companies by lowering the development and maintenance cost. This paper describes how requirement traceability is supported in an information technology solution provider company, with the improvement of integrated tool infrastructure, the transformation of the tool infrastructure, and the challenges that were faced during the transformation. Throughout this improvement project, not only the tools and their capabilities were looked into but also the company culture and the already acquired know‐how in using many infrastructure tools such as Enterprise Project Management, JIRA, Team Foundation Server, Quality Center, Enterprise Architect, SVN, and Eclipse.
Proteome and Secretome Characterization of Glioblastoma-Derived Neural Stem Cells
Authors: Okawa Satoshi , Gagrica Sladjana , Blin Carla , Ender Christine , Pollard Steven M. , Krijgsveld Jeroen 
Published: November 2016

Summary
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) (grade IV astrocytoma) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor. GBM consists of heterogeneous cell types including a subset of stem cell-like cells thought to sustain tumor growth. These tumor-initiating glioblastoma multiforme-derived neural stem (GNS) cells as well as their genetically normal neural stem (NS) counterparts can be propagated in culture as relatively pure populations. Here, we perform quantitative proteomics to globally characterize and compare total proteome plus the secreted proteome (secretome) between GNS cells and NS cells. Proteins and pathways that distinguish malignant cancer (GNS) stem cells from their genetically normal counterparts (NS cells) might have value as new biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Our analysis identified and quantified ∼7,500 proteins in the proteome and ∼2,000 in the secretome, 447 and 138 of which were differentially expressed, respectively. Notable tumor-associated processes identified using gene set enrichment analysis included: extracellular matrix interactions, focal adhesion, cell motility, and cell signaling. We focused on differentially expressed surface proteins, and identified 26 that participate in ligand-receptor pairs that play a prominent role in tumorigenesis. Immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting confirmed that CD9, a recently identified marker of adult subventricular zone NS cells, was consistently enriched across a larger set of primary GNS cell lines. CD9 may, therefore, have value as a GNS-specific surface marker and a candidate therapeutic target. Altogether, these findings support the notion that increased cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion molecules play a crucial role in promoting the tumor initiating and infiltrative properties of GNS cells.
Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Biochemical Properties of Grape Seeds
Authors: Apaydin Demet , Demirci Ahmet Sukru , Gecgel Umit 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn the present study, grape seed samples (Alicante Bouschet, Cabernet Franc, Cinsault, Merlot, Shiraz) were treated with 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, and 7.0 kGy of gamma radiation. Effect of irradiation dose on free fatty acids (FFA), peroxide value (PV), sterol, fatty acid composition, phenolic content, antioxidant activity of the seed oils, and chemical (dry matter, fat, ash, total sugar, invert sugar) changes of grape seeds were determined. Regarding fatty acid composition, oleic acid (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2) levels decreased. β‐sitosterol content with a highest percentage among sterols in grape seed oils decreased due to gamma irradiation. Generally gamma irradiation increased free fatty acids and peroxide value of the oils; however, phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of grape seeds decreased.
Präimplantationsdiagnostik im Europavergleich
Authors: Geffroy Sandra , Zerres Klaus 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Die rechtlichen Regelungen der Präimplantationsdiagnostik (PID) in Europa sind sehr heterogen. In der Folge unterscheidet sich die Praxis der PID erheblich. Während einzelne Länder wie England auf eine sehr lange Praxis zurückblicken können, sind die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen in anderen Ländern wie Deutschland oder der Schweiz erst in den letzten Jahren geschaffen worden, sodass die Erfahrungen aus diesen Ländern sehr begrenzt sind. Das Präimplantationsdiagnostik Consortium der European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) hat die Erfahrungen mit der PID von fast 20 Jahren vorbildlich dokumentiert und regelmäßig ausgewertet, sodass umfassende Daten zur Praxis der PID verfügbar sind. Mit dem vorliegenden Beitrag soll für ausgewählte Aspekte ein Überblick über den Stand der PID in Europa gegeben werden, der aufgrund der sehr heterogenen Regelungen keinen Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit erheben kann.
3D Numerical simulations of elastomeric bearings for bridges
Authors: Forcellini Davide 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Multilayer elastomeric isolation can be considered a well-known solution with many applications in the last 20 years in the infrastructure arena. In particular, isolation has been extensively applied for pier and abutment protection, in order to strengthen bridges against earthquakes. Elastomeric bearings can be subjected to large axial loads and lateral displacements during strong earthquakes, which induce potentially buckling effects. The recent Forcellini and Kelly (J Eng Mech 140(6):04014036, 2014) model allows to take into account large deformation response of a bearing when buckling occurs. This paper aims at verifying this theory using experimental results and numerical simulations. First of all, test results are taken from Nagarajaiah and Ferrell (J Struct Eng 125:946–954, 1999) and compared with the developed theory. Then, numerical simulations have been performed by applying OpenSees.