bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public Attitudes toward Markets after Central Planning
Authors: Douarin Elodie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter reviews the literature on the determinants of popular support for market economies, and for values deemed compatible with markets, in the transition region (i.e. the countries of post-socialist or post-communist Europe, Caucasus, and Central Asia) from the 1990s. The critical review presented focuses on work using large household or individual surveys collected at different points in time since the onset of the transition away from central planning and toward markets. Key differences in the indicators of support are emphasized to clarify how and why specific questions asked to the general population can be informative. This review shows that greater initial support for markets seems to have been important, that early experiences with market reforms (whether extensive or partial) led to changes in views, and that crises appeared as key turning points for further change. But maybe most importantly, it seems that people understood that reforms would have short-term costs, and as long as they remained hopeful that liberalization could bring improvement, they continued to support those market reforms. The chapter emphasizes throughout that analyzing public opinion is difficult especially in the absence of a benchmark. When clear definitions of what is being assessed are not provided, it highlights the limitations of the questions typically used to measure support for policy change or economic systems.
Turkey’s Religious Nones
Authors: Hecker Pierre 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter addresses the issue of nonreligion in Turkey. To this end, it analyzes the latest research findings and studies on the subject and raises pertinent questions such as “Who qualifies as ‘none’ in Turkey?,” “Do recent polls and surveys accurately represent society’s ‘religious nones’?,” and “What are their numbers?” The chapter also explores the phenomenon of “religious fatigue” and considers whether Turkey’s society is experiencing a decline in religiosity. Additionally, the chapter examines the theological discourse on nonreligion, addressing matters of individualized religiosity and the crisis of organized religion. However, before delving into these discussions, it begins with a summary of the evolution of the debate on nonreligion.
The Sociopolitical Historical Process of Social Work Education in Turkey
Authors: Cankurtaran Özlem , Aykara Aslıhan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The chapters in Part I explore the role of sociopolitical context in social work education in different countries. Sociopolitical and cultural conditions of a country play a very important role in informing what type of social work education is being developed and delivered in that country. Contributions in this opening section of the handbook provide some basic understanding of how political administrations influence the development and delivery of social work education as well as professional practice. Overall, these chapters set the scene for the entire handbook and provide an understanding of social work education in Turkey, the Czech Republic, Slovenia, Singapore, and Brazil.
Women and the Evolution of Gender-Sensitive Social Work Education in China before and after Economic Reform
Authors: Liu Meng , LI Ying , Chan Cecilia Lai Wan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
COVID-19 and increasing centralization of planning and control in China have produced obvious shifts in power and politics in society, affecting social workers’ role in service delivery and social work education. The transformation from a planned to a market economy has created new social classes in society; it has widened the income gap, power, and influence between rich and poor and men and women and intensified the rural-urban divide. From a socialist guiding principle of gender equality (women holding up half the sky) before China’s economic reform, the status of women rapidly deteriorated as more men became leaders of private enterprises and big corporations. Increasing unemployment and violence against women in China emphasize the need for social work education during rapid economic and social change. Social work education was reinstated in China in the late 1980s as a response to the expansion of private enterprises that offered little employment security and the breakdown of existing social protection and insurance for all, provided previously by the socialist state. This chapter reviews recent developments in social work in the light of women’s diminishing power, focusing on violence against women and the role of social work education in response to the changing needs of women and the promotion of gender equality in China. Future developments promoting gender-sensitive social work education in the new era are critically reviewed.
Power and Politics in Collaborative Social Work
Authors: Samaraweera H. Unnathi S. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Over a century ago, the field of social work originated with social workers exerting authority over individuals receiving services, resulting in a notable power disparity. However, as the discipline progressed, this hierarchical structure has been questioned. The expansion of social work has brought about a shift in perspective, acknowledging individuals receiving services as “the expert of experiences.” This shift has encouraged collaborative endeavors between service users and social workers to work toward shared objectives. This move toward collaborative social work underscores the importance of establishing equitable power dynamics between both parties. This chapter delves into the evolution of power dynamics within the social work field in Sri Lanka, underscoring the significance of comprehending these power dynamics. Drawing on Michel Foucault’s conceptualizations of power, the chapter examines state politics, academia, and everyday contexts to analyze the interplay of power dynamics within collaborative social work. It posits that the idea of balanced power relations between service users and social workers, as advocated in collaborative social work classrooms, is influenced by various societal factors. The chapter stresses the necessity of exploring power dynamics in intricate contexts to foster parity between service users and social workers. It examines the impact of neoliberal governance, social policies, academia, and the diverse social milieu on shaping collaborative relationships in social work practice. Understanding and negotiating power dynamics in these complex settings are essential while problematizing the social work profession as an apparatus of neoliberal governmentality and an agent which reproduces dominant state discourse.
Promoting Diversity in Social Work Education in England through Work-Based Route
Authors: Haider Sharif 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Social work education in the United Kingdom had to change its course several times since the start of the 21st century. The main thrust of all these changes clearly lies in the government’s aim of improving the standards of social work education, and of both equipping students with the appropriate knowledge and skills to carry out their social work roles and increasing the number of social workers, specifically in English children’s services. The profession is having difficulty recruiting and retaining enough social workers from diverse backgrounds to meet the needs of England’s population. The introduction of tuition fees and austerity measures has only made this situation worse. This chapter describes a study that investigated what employers need to do to increase access to training by groups of people who are currently underrepresented in England’s social work professions. This research focuses on work-based social work training. A case study approach used semi-structured interviews to collect qualitative data from employers. A more representative workforce undoubtedly allows local authorities in England to work toward greater social mobility and diversity and to provide services fairly and equally in order to meet communal needs. The data, however, suggests that local authorities’ overall processes and systems regarding recruitment and selection have failed to attract minority ethnic groups, males, the disabled, and older people into work-based social work training. This chapter provides sound evidence-based strategies to widen participation through work-based training.
Social Work and Professional Representation
Authors: Negura Lilian , Masse Yannick , Lévesque Maude , Savard Sébastien , Bourque Mélanie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter on social work and professional representation provides an overview of the history of social work in Canada and explores the complex tensions defining the professional identity of social workers today, in both institutional and community settings. The chapter deconstructs the lasting dynamics fostered by the ideologies of social service, from the Judeo-Christian values of charity work to the neoliberalism of today. It then discusses the core policies and principles informing contemporary Canadian social work, the difficulties that they engender, and the ways in which professionals have responded to internal and external occupational pressures. Power relations influencing the social work identity are discussed as they relate to both current practice and the broader establishment of the profession nationally. The chapter concludes by highlighting the means of resistance that have strengthened, and continue to strengthen, Canadian social work.
Professional Boundaries in Social Work Practice
Authors: Blundell Peter 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Professional boundaries are an integral part of social work praxis and a key component of ethical decision-making. Social workers often acknowledge their value but struggle to articulate what they are or how they are used. Essentially, professional boundaries are about the protection and safety of clients and service users; therefore it is important to understand both their impact and their influence on practice. Despite this necessity, there is a paucity of research that explores how this concept is understood, experienced, and used by social workers. This chapter explores a variety of themes relating to the management of professional boundaries in social work practice. These themes are partly based on a study completed between 2013 and 2016 that explored the concept of professional boundaries from the perspective of U.K. social workers. Participants often identified feelings of ethical distress when faced with boundary challenges or dilemmas. However, participants were often willing to break or blur boundaries if that decision meant building better relationships with or delivering better services for the people they were supporting. These actions were often an act of resistance against what participants felt were examples of organizational or systemic oppression. This resistance often led to tensions between participants and the organization they worked for, and some participants ultimately left their role. This chapter argues that social workers need greater access to independent supervisory spaces to ensure that they have opportunities to reflect and process difficult and challenging professional boundary experiences, especially when these involve challenging oppressive systems.
Social Justice as Participatory Parity
Authors: Nupur Priyanka 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Social justice is the foundational principle of social work practice. Its conceptualization needs critical reflection to guide interventions. Currently, especially in cities which contain diverse populations caught in a web of various socioeconomic and political dynamics, marginalization and social injustice have taken complex forms. Hence, an evolved framework of social justice that addresses contemporary issues of marginalization and deprivation is required. Drawing from the work of Nancy Fraser, this chapter aims to provide a nuanced framework of social justice as participatory parity, aimed at comprehending the issues in contemporary cities. Reevaluating social work practice in light of this theory of social justice, the chapter aims to guide social work interventions at a structural and institutional level.
Challenges of Social Work Education in Slovenia: Between the Needs of People and the Expectations of Government
Authors: Rihter Liljana , Mešl Nina 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Social work education was established in Slovenia in 1955. During the socialist regime, it developed partly under the influence of politics and partly independently with its own research-oriented work. After Slovenia’s independence in 1991, the curriculum changed occasionally and autonomously, both by cooperation with various international organizations and by responding to the actual needs of people and society. Yet the knowledge, competencies, and values of social workers are not entirely in line with the expectations of the labor market in the field of social protection, where the majority of social workers are employed. Both social policy and social legislation in Slovenia follow the neoliberal ideology focused on managerialism, effectiveness, bureaucracy, and control. Consequently, there is less space and time for social workers to perform their work in line with contemporary social work concepts and with approved positive results for people. Due to the observed gap between the needs of the people the social workers work with and the requirements of the employers in the field of social protection, qualitative research (focus group discussion) on the current and possible future needs (on the nonprobability purposeful sample) of employers in social protection was performed. The results show that some changes should be made in the social work curriculum to introduce more competencies to work with persons with various challenges and to gain additional interdisciplinary knowledge. Yet additional endeavors are needed to persuade employers to focus more on the real needs of users and not only on their main expectation of efficiency.
Challenges of the Transformation of Social Policy and Social Work in Contemporary Russia
Authors: Borodkina Olga , Starshinova Alevtina 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter is devoted to an analysis of the ongoing process of transformation of social policy and social work in Russia, which is connected with the transition of the welfare state to the welfare service state. The development of this process, which is global in nature, is caused by the inefficiency of the existing traditional forms of social support to solve the problem of social inequality and to compensate for new social risks. The transformation of social policy and social work is aimed, on the one hand, at preserving the stability and cohesion of society and, on the other, at creating conditions for the realization and expansion of individual opportunities. The main directions of welfare state transformations are institutional changes and social investment. These directions are associated with implementation of new forms of social services, growing NGO activities, and increasing citizens’ responsibility for their well-being and are manifested at theoretical as well as practical levels. The system of social support in Russia is becoming increasingly diverse in using new approaches. It demands taking into account global challenges and the social context of regional diversity and social heterogeneity. The chapter analyzes the changes taking place in the Russian welfare state, including the formation of new conceptual approaches to the welfare state focusing on development of social services, new configuration of the system of social services, and development of social investment.
Professional Imperialism, Colonial Legacy, and Crisis in Indian Social Work
Authors: Dash Bishnu Mohan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The political imperialism of the West has continued to maintain its colonial legacy in Indian society and has made adverse impacts on Indian social institutions and social welfare practices. Unfortunately, despite Indian political independence since 1947, India’s indigenous social work practices couldn’t be revived, and the recipient social work discipline which was shaped and influenced by the social, political, and cultural context of the West was further reinforced by the growth of neoliberalism. As a result professional imperialism continues to be perpetuated in Indian social work academics. During 2018, the movement of Bharatiyakaran of social work education aimed to revive the ancient Indic wisdom and indigenous social work practices in social work academia. The movement not only challenged the colonial legacy and professional imperialism in social work but also developed the new Bharatiyakaran of Social Work Curriculum, based on Indian ancient native wisdom, knowledge, and practices. This chapter describes the nature and extent of professional imperialism in social work education and its impact on the professionalization of social work education in India. It also examines the impact of Western culture and ideology on shaping social work education, curriculum, and practice in India. The chapter argues for decolonizing social work education in India and presents the revival of Bharatiyakaran of social work education to counter the potential crisis created due to professional imperialism in India.
Keeping Social Work Education Relevant in Singapore
Authors: Woo Ivan Mun Hong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter highlights four domains of knowledge that are relevant for social workers working in a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environment. The domains of knowledge are civic-mindedness, leadership, social justice, and futurology. A sustainable environment requires a strong sense of civic-mindedness, and social workers are in the best position to create that environment. Leadership is an important domain of knowledge to help social workers guide their actions in the mobilization of human resources. Social justice is vital in a VUCA world that often does not present social workers with clear right and wrong solutions. Futurology brings together evidence from other disciplines to systematically predict how people will live and work in the future, and instill in people a sense of control in a VUCA world. The four knowledge domains, when integrated, equip social workers with sensitivity to align their interventions with the political climate of their times.
Strengthening the Resilience of Students and Social Workers
Authors: Punová Monika 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter is focused on strengthening the resilience of students and social workers. Resilience refers to the processes by which a student or social worker is able to adapt and achieve the desired well-being despite experiencing significant difficulties related to education or the realization of the profession. The chapter introduces the resilience approach and also reflects on its criticisms. It presents the results of empirical studies on the demands of social work in the Czech Republic and internationally and highlights strategies for enhancing resilience in education and practice. These strategies are based on strength-based social work, on the social-ecological approach, and on the principle of resilience as “ordinary magic,” whereby coping with difficulties is primarily based on commonly available resources and opportunities.
Global Migration and Control Politics
Authors: Schmelz Andrea 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Flight, migration, and mobility combine for a very important field in international social work. In Europe and around the globe social work faces violent, postcolonial borders and border demarcations against migrants and refugees. The chapter deals with resulting challenges and concepts in international social work focusing on the following key issues. First, policies of migration control and their impact on social work are highlighted. In this context, the chapter analyzes how borders impact the scope of action of social workers and affect the exclusion of refugees and migrants in camps. In order to claim social and political inclusion, protest movements by and solidarity movements with refugees and migrants emerged, challenging social work as a human rights profession. Consequently, the chapter elaborates how social work as a human rights profession can be conceptualized and applied in social work practice in the context of the UN human rights protection system. Finally, the chapter analyzes how social work can contribute to the defense of human rights in the understanding of “social workers without borders” and applying potential political interventions.
Social Work Education and Global Social Change in the United Kingdom, Mainland Europe, and the United States
Authors: McInnes Alison , Murphy Terry 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the results from two linked anonymous online surveys, the first focusing on experiences of 51 international participants working in social work education across the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, Sweden, and the Republic of Ireland. It replicates a larger online survey looking at a total of 400 academics working in multiple institutions in higher education in the United Kingdom. Both surveys examine the impact of workload and organizational stress on the participants in a time of global social change. They included the opportunity for participants to make qualitative comments to explain and expand upon their quantitative answers. This allowed for a critical examination of the experiences of academics/educators in social work departments (with a specific commitment to equalities and empowerment-based practices). These practices are located both internationally (via the Global Agenda of the International Federation of Social Workers) and nationally, related to governmental guidance published by Social Work England and other regulators. The main research question was: Do modern marketized universities produce an academic working environment which reflects or contradicts social work philosophies? The initial findings appear to indicate that the location of social work academics/educators within market-led departments in universities (dominated by the need to produce metrics in a competitive league-table environment) play a much larger role than any implicit commitment to distinct social work values and ethics.
Training and Professional Practice of Brazilian Social Work and the Impacts of the Hegemony of the Radical and Critical Approach
Authors: Oliveira Edson Marques , Renan Theo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The objective of this chapter is to carry out an analysis and reflection of the impacts of the professional formation of social work in Brazil from the 1970s until the present time, notably on the political and ideological impacts of the adoption of the Marxist radical critical approach in the Brazilian context. The chapter highlights the impacts of this approach in the political and organizational field of the profession, in scientific production, and in professional training and practice. This is qualitative, bibliographic, and documentary research. The chapter presents a moment and movement of resistance to the unilateral hegemony in the educational and practical fields of Brazilian social work that emerged in mid-2010. The radical, organic, and mechanistic application of the radical critical approach, with a Marxist bias, in the Brazilian case leads to evidence of harmful and noxious elements in education and professional practice, a process of deconfiguration and alienation of professional identity, leading the profession to a crisis of lack of credibility, materiality, and professional visibility, reduction of work spaces, and no way to face the new demands of the 21st century.