bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sonographic differentiation between lymphatic and metastatic diseases in cervical lymphadenopathy
Authors: Strassen Ulrich , Geisweid Christina , Hofauer Benedikt , Knopf Andreas 
Published: August 2017

Objectives/HypothesisThe spectrum of differential diagnosis in cervical lymphadenopathy is extremely broad. In lymphoma and inflammatory diseases, surgical approaches are restricted to diagnostic lymph extirpation, whereas metastatic outgrowth into regional lymph nodes usually requires neck dissection. Lymph node surgery has to manage the balancing act between sufficient radicality and preservation of functional structures. The current study, therefore, aimed to identify parameters to differentiate between lymph nodes of lymphatic and metastatic origin.Study DesignSingle‐center, retrospective cohort study.MethodsClinical and sonographic parameters from all patients who underwent diagnostic cervical lymphadenectomy from 2010 to 2015 (N = 262) were included in this retrospective analysis. Parameters with significant differences between the two subgroups were utilized to create a clinical algorithm to distinguish between cervical lymphadenopathy of lymphatic and metastatic genesis.ResultsStatistically significant differences between the two subgroups could be shown for clinical (gender, age, nicotine/alcohol abuse, B symptoms, history of cutaneous melanoma, or lymphoma) and ultrasonographic parameters (string‐of‐beads confirmation, bilaterality, homogenous echostructure, localization in level I, long‐to‐short axis ratio, and hilar vascularity). The proposed algorithm yielded a sensitivity of 92.4% for metastatic disease.ConclusionsThe implemented algorithm based on ultrasonographic and clinical criteria contributes to one‐step surgical approaches that guarantee a sufficient radicality with a minimum of functional loss.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 128:859–863, 2018
Volumetric analysis of olfactory neuroblastoma skull base laterality and implications on neck disease
Authors: Marinelli John P. , Van Gompel Jamie J. , Link Michael J. , Moore Eric J. , Price Daniel L. , Lees Katherine A. , Kaczor Mark W. , Janus Jeffrey R. 
Published: August 2017

ObjectiveTo determine if the laterality of primary tumors in patients with olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) influenced the pattern and development of neck disease.MethodsUsing a retrospective cohort study design from 1994 to 2015, the primary tumors of patients who either presented with or developed neck disease were volumetrically analyzed using iPlan software (version 3.0.0, BrainLAB, Feldkirchen, Germany) by two independent observers. Agreement of volume‐derived sidedness was assessed with a kappa statistic, whereas agreement in volume‐derived degree of tumor laterality was evaluated with an intraclass correlation coefficient. A one‐sample t test was used to assess the difference in dominant percentage between the two observers.ResultsSixty‐one patients with histological diagnosis and treatment of ONB at our institution were identified. Twenty‐four patients exhibited neck involvement, 13 of whom could be volumetrically analyzed. Tumors that were greater than 75% eccentric to one side all exhibited contralateral disease, whereas the majority of unilateral neck disease was associated with relatively midline masses. Within the entire cohort, ipsilateral level 2 lymph nodes displayed the highest involvement (83%, 20 of 24), followed by ipsilateral level 1 (54%, 13 of 24), contralateral level 2 (46%, 11 of 24), contralateral level 1 (21%, 5 of 24), and ipsilateral level 3 (21%, 5 of 24).ConclusionIpsilateral neck involvement frequently was observed; however, the degree of ONB primary site laterality did not appear to have implications on the development of contralateral neck disease. Therefore, when considering elective therapy to the neck, ONB laterality should not be used to justify unilateral neck treatment.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 128:864–870, 2018
Expiratory muscle strength training for radiation‐associated aspiration after head and neck cancer: A case series
Authors: Hutcheson Katherine A. , Barrow Martha P. , Plowman Emily K. , Lai Stephen Y. , Fuller Clifton David , Barringer Denise A. , Eapen George , Wang Yiqun , Hubbard Rachel , Jimenez Sarah K. , Little Leila G. , Lewin Jan S. 
Published: August 2017

Objective/HypothesisExpiratory muscle strength training (EMST) is a simple, inexpensive, device‐driven exercise therapy. Therapeutic potential of EMST was examined among head and neck cancer survivors with chronic radiation‐associated aspiration.Study DesignRetrospective case series.MethodsMaximum expiratory pressures (MEPs) were examined among n = 64 radiation‐associated aspirators (per penetration–aspiration scale score ≥ 6 on modified barium swallow). Pre–post EMST outcomes were examined in a nested subgroup of patients (n = 26) who enrolled in 8 weeks of EMST (25 repetitions, 5 days/week, 75% load). Nonparametric analyses examined effects of EMST on the primary endpoint MEPs. Secondary measures included swallowing safety (Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity [DIGEST]), perceived dysphagia (M.D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory [MDADI]), and diet (performance status scale for head and neck cancer patients [PSSHN]).ResultsCompared to sex‐matched published normative data, MEPs were reduced in 91% (58 of 64) of aspirators (mean ± standard deviation: 89 ± 37). Twenty‐six patients enrolled in EMST and three patients withdrew. MEPs improved on average 57% (87 ± 29 to 137 ± 44 cm H2O, P < 0.001) among 23 who completed EMST. Swallowing safety (per DIGEST) improved significantly (P = 0.03). Composite MDADI scores improved post‐EMST (pre‐EMST: 59.9 ± 17.1, post‐EMST: 62.7 ± 13.9, P = 0.13). PSSHN diet scores did not significantly change.ConclusionMEPs were reduced in chronic radiation‐associated aspirators relative to normative data, suggesting that expiratory strengthening could be a novel therapeutic target to improve airway protection in this population. Similar to findings in neurogenic populations, these data also suggest improved expiratory pressure‐generating capabilities after EMST and translation to functional improvements in swallowing safety in chronic radiation‐associated aspirators.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 128:1044–1051, 2018
Fully phase‐encoded MRI near metallic implants using ultrashort echo times and broadband excitation
Authors: Wiens Curtis N. , Artz Nathan S. , Jang Hyungseok , McMillan Alan B. , Koch Kevin M. , Reeder Scott B. 
Published: August 2017

PurposeTo develop a fully phase‐encoded MRI method for distortion‐free imaging near metallic implants, in clinically feasible acquisition times.Theory and MethodsAn accelerated 3D fully phase‐encoded acquisition with broadband excitation and ultrashort echo times is presented, which uses a broadband radiofrequency pulse to excite the entire off‐resonance induced by the metallic implant. Furthermore, fully phase‐encoded imaging is used to prevent distortions caused by frequency encoding, and to obtain ultrashort echo times for rapidly decaying signal.ResultsPhantom and in vivo acquisitions were used to describe the relationship among excitation bandwidth, signal loss near metallic implants, and T1 weighting. Shorter radiofrequency pulses captured signal closer to the implant by improving spectral coverage and allowing shorter echo times, whereas longer pulses improved T1 weighting through larger maximum attainable flip angles. Comparisons of fully phase‐encoded acquisition with broadband excitation and ultrashort echo times to T1‐weighted multi‐acquisition with variable resonance image combination selective were performed in phantoms and subjects with metallic knee and hip prostheses. These acquisitions had similar contrast and acquisition efficiency.ConclusionsAccelerated fully phase‐encoded acquisitions with ultrashort echo times and broadband excitation can generate distortion free images near metallic implants in clinically feasible acquisition times. Magn Reson Med 79:2156–2163, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Transplacental treatment of fetal tachycardia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hill Garick D. , Kovach Joshua R. , Saudek David E. , Singh Anoop K. , Wehrheim Karla , Frommelt Michele A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveMultiple transplacental medications can be used to treat fetal tachycardia. We sought to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis to determine whether digoxin, flecainide, or sotalol was the most efficacious therapy for converting fetal tachycardia to sinus rhythm.MethodWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to compare digoxin, flecainide, or sotalol as first‐line therapy for fetal tachycardia. Studies were identified by a search of PubMed (Medline), Web of Science, and Scopus.ResultsThere were 21 studies included. Flecainide (OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1–2.0, I2 = 60%, P = 0.03) and sotalol (OR:1.4, 95% CI:1.1–2.0, I2 = 30%, P = 0.02) were superior to digoxin for conversion of fetal tachycardia to sinus rhythm. In those with hydrops, the benefit over digoxin was more notable for both flecainide (OR: 5.0, 95% CI: 2.5–10.0, I2 = 0%, P < 0.001) and sotalol (OR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.7–5.0, I2 = 0%, P < 0.001). When limited to atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia, flecainide was superior to digoxin (OR:1.7, 95% CI:1.1–3.3, I2 = 62%, P = 0.03) and sotalol (OR:1.3, 95% CI:1.1–1.7, I2 = 0%, P = 0.01).ConclusionDigoxin should not be first‐line therapy for fetal tachycardia, particularly in the presence of hydrops fetalis. Flecainide should be the first‐line therapy of choice in atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia. Further study may identify further sub‐populations responding differently.
Assessment of an Extended Interval Fondaparinux Dosing Regimen for Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Critically Ill Patients with Severe Renal Dysfunction Using Antifactor Xa Levels
Authors: Wahby Krista A. , Riley Lauren K. , Tennenberg Steven D. 
Published: August 2017

ObjectivePharmacologic options for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis are often limited in critically ill patients due to thrombocytopenia and multisystem organ dysfunction. Fondaparinux offers potential advantages in the critically ill; however, it is currently contraindicated in severe renal dysfunction (SRD). We evaluated anti–factor Xa levels in critically ill patients with SRD who were receiving an extended interval dosing regimen of fondaparinux for VTE prophylaxis.MethodsA prospective, single‐arm, interventional study was conducted at two academic hospitals of the Detroit Medical Center. Eligible patients were in the intensive care unit, had an estimated creatinine clearance of less than 30 ml/minute, and had either acute kidney injury or end‐stage renal disease; several patients were taking renal replacement therapy. Fondaparinux was administered at an extended interval dosing regimen of 2.5 mg subcutaneously every 48 hours. Fondaparinux peak and trough anti–factor Xa levels were obtained. Lower extremity venous duplex studies were performed at baseline and study completion to assess for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and patients were monitored for bleeding complications.ResultsThirty‐two patients were enrolled. Patients received a median of four doses (interquartile range two to five) of fondaparinux. Fondaparinux peak (n=98) and trough (n=86) anti–factor Xa levels were 0.36 ± 0.18 mg/L and 0.17 ± 0.11 mg/L (mean ± SD), respectively, and were similar to levels reported in patients with normal renal function receiving conventional once‐daily dosing. No lower extremity DVTs or suspected VTE events occurred. Two (6%) patients had significant bleeding events.ConclusionsIn critically ill patients with SRD, an extended interval fondaparinux dosing regimen of 2.5 mg every 48 hours for VTE prophylaxis achieved peak and trough anti–factor Xa levels similar to those reported in noncritically ill patients with normal renal function receiving once‐daily fondaparinux. This regimen offers an alternative for patients with SRD when heparinoids must be avoided.
Prothrombin Complex Concentrate Reduces Blood Product Utilization in Heart Transplantation
Authors: Enter Daniel H. , Zaki Anthony L. , Marsh Megan , Cool Nikki , Kruse Jane , Li Zhi , Andrei Adin‐Cristian , Iddriss Adam , McCarthy Patrick M. , Malaisrie S. Chris , Anderson Allen , Rich Jonathan D. , Pham Duc Thinh 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundCurrent practices for the reversal of warfarin before cardiac surgery include the use of vitamin K and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) to reduce the risk of bleeding. Although the 2010 International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation guidelines acknowledge the use of prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC), there is no clear consensus on its efficacy. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of four‐factor (4‐F) PCC administration in patients requiring warfarin reversal before heart transplantation by determining blood product utilization perioperatively.MethodsTwenty‐one patients who received 4‐F PCC for warfarin reversal before heart transplantation were compared to a similar cohort of 39 patients who did not receive 4‐F PCC, from January 2011 to July 2015. Blood product utilization was collected retrospectively for the 24‐hour preoperative, intraoperative, and 48‐hour postoperative periods.ResultsPatients receiving 4‐F PCC required fewer blood products in all three time periods. In the 24‐hour preoperative period, 22 (56%) patients in the control group and 2 (10%) patients in the 4‐F PCC groups received blood products (p<0.001). Intraoperatively, all patients received blood products. The 4‐F PCC group required fewer units of packed red blood cells (median 3 vs 7 units, p<0.001) and FFP (median 4 vs 9 units, p<0.001). In the 48‐hour postoperative period, 20 (51%) patients in the control group and 5 (24%) patients in the 4‐F PCC group received blood products (p=0.04).Conclusions4‐F PCC is associated with reduced blood product utilization 24 hours preoperatively and intraoperatively. Historically, the majority of patients require FFP for warfarin reversal preoperatively. In this single‐center study, a significant reduction in the need for FFP was demonstrated with the use of 4‐F PCC.
Evaluation of Progesterone Utilization and Birth Outcomes in a State Medicaid Plan
Authors: Hydery Tasmina , Price Mylissa K. , Greenwood Bonnie C. , Takeshita Mito , Kunte Parag S. , Mauro Rose P. , Lenz Kimberly , Jeffrey Paul L. 
Published: August 2017

ObjectivesProgesterone (hydroxyprogesterone caproate injection and vaginal progesterone) has been shown to reduce preterm birth (PTB) rates by a third among pregnant women at high risk. The purpose of this analysis is to report birth outcomes and medication adherence among Massachusetts Medicaid (MassHealth) members receiving progesterone, evaluate the association between member characteristics and birth outcomes and medication adherence, and compare cost of care with a prior preterm pregnancy.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used medical claims, pharmacy claims, and prior authorization (PA) request data for MassHealth members who had a PA submitted for progesterone between January 1, 2011, and March 31, 2015. Members were excluded due to breaks in coverage, progesterone was not indicated for prevention of PTB, and if current gestational week or date of delivery was unavailable.Main ResultsA total of 418 members were screened for inclusion of whom 190 met criteria and 169 filled progesterone. Mean age was 29.2 years (SD = 5.23), and clinical comorbidities were identified in 90.5% of members. Consistent with clinical trials on progesterone effectiveness, 62.1% of members had a term delivery (37 wks of gestation). Among members with prior gestational age at delivery available, the average difference in gestational age between pregnancies was 8.25 weeks (SD = 6.11). In addition, 66.3% of members were adherent to progesterone based on proportion of days covered (PDC) of 0.8 or higher. The overall mean PDC was 0.79 (SD = 0.26).ConclusionDespite similar birth outcomes in clinical trials and national trends, medication adherence is low in this state Medicaid program. Therefore, members may benefit from adherence support.
Synthesis of spike‐ball‐like polystyrene/poly(methyl methacrylate) composite particles via seeded polymerization
Authors: Raoufian Ehsan , Eslami Hormoz , Darafarin Morteza 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA synthesis method for the production of novel spike‐ball‐like polymer particles is presented based on seeded dispersion polymerization of methyl methacrylate monomer in the presence of polystyrene seeds with poly(vinyl alcohol) as stabilizer and myristyl peroxydicarbonate as initiator. The particles resulting from the controlled aggregation of swollen particles during polymerization showed a salami‐like morphology with polystyrene cores and poly(methyl methacrylate) shells. The long spikes had the same morphology and were formed by the step‐by‐step addition of smaller particles on the surface of the larger particles during polymerization. The resulting particles have potential applications as templates to make micron‐sized electronics and biomaterials. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis of bistriphenylamine‐ and benzodithiophene‐based random conjugated polymers for organic photovoltaic applications
Authors: Cetin Asli , Istanbulluoglu Cagla , Hacioglu Serife Ozdemir , Cevher Sevki Can , Toppare Levent , Cirpan Ali 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTIn this study, donor–acceptor random polymers containing benzotriazole acceptor and bistriphenylamine and benzodithiophene donors, P1 and P2, were successfully synthesized by Stille coupling polymerization. The effect of bistriphenylamine moiety and thiophene π‐conjugated linker on electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical, and optical behaviors of the polymers were investigated. Optoelectronic properties and photovoltaic performance of the polymers were examined under the illumination of AM 1.5G, 100 mW cm−2. The polymers were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV‐Vis‐NIR absorption spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography. HOMO/LUMO energy levels of P1 and P2 were calculated as −5.47 eV/–3.41 eV and −5.43 eV/–3.27 eV, respectively. Bulk heterojunction type solar cells were constructed using blends of the polymers (donor) and [6,6]‐phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) (acceptor). Photovoltaic studies showed that the highest power conversion efficiency of these photovoltaic devices were recorded as 3.50% with open circuit voltage; 0.79 V, short circuit current; 9.45 mA cm−2, fill factor; 0.53 for P1:PC71BM (1:2, w/w) in 3% o‐dichlorobenzene (o‐DCB) solution and 3.15% with open circuit voltage; 0.75 V, short circuit current; 8.59 mA cm−2, fill factor; 0.49 for P2:PC71BM (1:2, w/w) in 2% chlorobenzene (CB) solution. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 3705–3715
Isotopic analysis on nanogram quantities of carbon from dissolved insect cuticle: a method for paleoenvironmental inferences
Authors: Zhao Yongtao , Nelson David M. , Clegg Benjamin F. , An Cheng‐Bang , Hu Feng Sheng 
Published: August 2017

RationaleCarbon isotope (δ13C ) data from arthropod cuticles provide invaluable information on past and present biogeochemical processes. However, such analyses typically require large sample sizes that may mask important variation in δ13C values within or among species.MethodsWe have evaluated a spooling‐wire microcombustion (SWiM) device and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) to measure the δ13C values of carbon dissolved from the cuticle of chitinous aquatic zooplankton. The effects of temperature, pH, and reaction time on the δ13C values of acid‐dissolved bulk cuticle and purified chitin fractions obtained from a single species of chironomid from four commercial suppliers were assessed. These results were compared with baseline δ13C values obtained on solid cuticle using conventional EA (elemental analyzer)/IRMS.ResultsThe results indicate differential, time‐dependent dissolution of chitin, lipid and protein fractions of cuticle concomitant with slow depolymerization and deacetylation of chitin. Isotopic offsets between dissolved bulk head capsules and a purified chitin fraction suggest the contributions of other isotopically lighter components of the bulk head capsules to bulk chitin extracts. The SWiM/IRMS δ13C results obtained on dissolved cuticle using a treatment of 4 N HCl at 25 °C for 24 h produced generally stable δ13C values, large sample/blank CO2 yields and a positive correlation with conventional EA/IRMS results on unprocessed cuticle.ConclusionsThe SWiM/IRMS system offers a reliable method to determine δ13C values on nanogram quantities of carbon from dissolved insect cuticle, thus reducing sample size requirements and providing new opportunities to use δ13C variation among/within species for reconstructing paleo‐biogeochemical processes.
Complications and outcomes of pregnant women with adenomyosis in Japan
Authors: Tamura Hiroshi , Kishi Hiroshi , Kitade Mari , Asai‐Sato Mikiko , Tanaka Atsushi , Murakami Takashi , Minegishi Takashi , Sugino Norihiro 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the impact of adenomyosis on the complications and outcomes of pregnancy in Japan.MethodsWe carried out a multicenter retrospective questionnaire survey. A questionnaire regarding pregnancy complications and the outcomes of pregnancy was sent to 725 facilities.ResultsData were obtained on the cases of 272 pregnant women with adenomyosis from 65 facilities. The complications of pregnancy included miscarriage before 12 weeks of pregnancy (14.8%), miscarriage after 12 weeks of pregnancy (9.9%), preterm delivery (24.4%), fetal growth restriction (11.8%), pregnancy‐induced hypertension (9.9%), intrauterine infection (7.3%), and cervical incompetency (5.3%). The rates of pregnancy complications in the three groups classified according to pretreatment for adenomyosis (no pretreatment, medication, surgery) did not differ to a statistically significant extent. The rates of miscarriage (>12 weeks) and cervical incompetency increased according to the size of the adenomyosis. The rates of pregnancy‐induced hypertension and uterine infection in patients with diffuse‐type adenomyosis were higher than that in patients with focal‐type adenomyosis.ConclusionsOur results show that the increased size and diffuse type of adenomyosis are associated with adverse pregnancy outcome. We should be aware of the higher incidence of pregnancy‐induced hypertension and uterine infection in patients with diffuse‐type adenomyosis.
A Novel and Facile Route to Synthesize Atomic‐Layered MoS2 Film for Large‐Area Electronics
Authors: Boandoh Stephen , Choi Soo Ho , Park Ji‐Hoon , Park So Young , Bang Seungho , Jeong Mun Seok , Lee Joo Song , Kim Hyeong Jin , Yang Woochul , Choi Jae‐Young , Kim Soo Min , Kim Ki Kang 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHigh‐quality and large‐area molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) thin film is highly desirable for applications in large‐area electronics. However, there remains a challenge in attaining MoS2 film of reasonable crystallinity due to the absence of appropriate choice and control of precursors, as well as choice of suitable growth substrates. Herein, a novel and facile route is reported for synthesizing few‐layered MoS2 film with new precursors via chemical vapor deposition. Prior to growth, an aqueous solution of sodium molybdate as the molybdenum precursor is spun onto the growth substrate and dimethyl disulfide as the liquid sulfur precursor is supplied with a bubbling system during growth. To supplement the limiting effect of Mo (sodium molybdate), a supplementary Mo is supplied by dissolving molybdenum hexacarbonyl (Mo(CO)6) in the liquid sulfur precursor delivered by the bubbler. By precisely controlling the amounts of precursors and hydrogen flow, full coverage of MoS2 film is readily achievable in 20 min. Large‐area MoS2 field effect transistors (FETs) fabricated with a conventional photolithography have a carrier mobility as high as 18.9 cm2 V−1 s−1, which is the highest reported for bottom‐gated MoS2‐FETs fabricated via photolithography with an on/off ratio of ≈105 at room temperature.