bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Succession
Authors: Torremans Paul 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This chapter examines the legal regime governing succession to movables and immovables. Once the estate of the deceased has been cleared of debts and all taxes and duties paid, the administrator will distribute the property among those to whom it beneficially belongs. These persons are to be identified by the choice of law rules relating to succession and may vary according to whether the estate consists of movables or immovables and whether the deceased left a will or died intestate. This chapter first considers intestate succession to movables and immovables as well as various questions that arise in the case of wills before discussing the proposed European harmonisation of choice of law rules concerning succession and wills. It also analyses the powers of appointment exercised by a person through his own will, along with issues relating to capacity, formal validity, essential validity, construction and revocation of the power of appointment.
Trusts
Authors: Torremans Paul 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This chapter examines the private international law rules governing trusts which are laid down in the Recognition of Trusts Act 1987 and its scheduled Convention. The Recognition of Trusts Act was passed in 1987 to enable the UK to give effect to the Convention, formally concluded in 1985 by the Hague Conference on Private International Law, on the Law Applicable to Trusts and on their Recognition. The chapter begins with a discussion of some preliminary issues, such as the definition of a trust, types of trust that fall within the 1987 Act, validity of the instrument of creation of the trust, and transfer of trust assets. It then considers the specific rules governing choice of law and the recognition of trusts, along with mandatory rules and public policy. It also looks at the variation of trusts and marriage settlements, citing the relevant provisions of the Variation of Trusts Act 1958.
Introduction
Authors: Kogan Mikhail , Meehan Kyle 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Integrative geriatrics is the new field of medicine that advocates for whole-person, patient-centered, primarily nonpharmacological approaches to the medical care of the elderly. Most current geriatric practices overprescribe medications and procedures and underuse nonpharmacological low-cost and high-touch methods. Integrative geriatrics interventions such as nutrition, movement therapies, and mind–body and spirituality approaches allow patients to follow a different path to their health care. This book provides detailed evidence-based information for all health care providers and advocates who work with the geriatric population. Directed toward providers in outpatient settings and to those who work in nursing homes, assisted living, independent living, and senior community centers, it also provides valuable information for leaders and politicians who are setting up policies and procedures for the care of the elderly who are looking for safer, less costly, and more patient-centered approaches.
Exercise, Frailty, and Functional Reserve: Concepts and Optimization
Authors: Cleaver Joseph P. , Kehaya Alice Schmidt , Kogan Mikhail 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Regular exercise can increase the healthy lifespan of elderly patients. Despite this, most seniors are not getting enough exercise. This chapter summarizes the age-related declines in physical capacity, including loss of muscle power, decreased aerobic capacity (VO2max), sarcopenia, and increased adipose tissue, that can lead to inflammation and limitations of functional reserve. The concept of frailty is discussed. Clinicians are given practical techniques for evaluating risks in patients, providing an “exercise prescription” in an individually tailored manner, and measuring progress in their geriatric patients.
Energy Modalities and Aromatherapy
Authors: Jacobs Luann , Kendell Mary , Flusberg Yael , Berg Alice 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This chapter covers energy modalities and aromatherapy. The first part introduces subtle energy and biofield therapy as a complementary therapy for senior patients to stimulate innate healing forces and promote health and relaxation. Biofield therapies combine the use of touch and intention to help the older patient mitigate symptoms and improve functional status. They are safe and have no unwanted side effects. Reiki, internal qi gong therapy, and aromatherapy can be taught for self-care, further empowering the healing process and increasing exposure to the modality. Essential oil use can be an effective option or adjunct in the treatment of many geriatric health care needs. Advantages of using essential oils include flexibility in delivery methods, low cost compared with many prescription medications, and a high safety profile when used properly.
Naturopathic Medicine
Authors: Orceyre Deirdre , Bull Meredith 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Naturopathic medicine is a stand-alone system of whole-person health care rooted in traditional European nature cures of diet, rest, sunlight, fresh air, exercise, and water. Modern naturopathic physicians are trained as primary care licensable physicians whose education is recognized by the Department of Education. Medically trained naturopathic doctors (NDs) are ideal providers to thoroughly care for the geriatric patient. NDs are trained in conventional assessment and treatment but also in evaluation of underlying functional etiologies and holistic treatments such as diet, lifestyle, physical medicine, and herbal and homeopathic interventions. These provide comprehensive and extensive health care options that move away from the polypharmacy options so prevalent in this population. Medically trained naturopathic physicians are beneficial members of any geriatric medical team.
Spirituality and Mind–Body Medicine in Geriatrics
Authors: Puchalski Christina M. , Bloom Patricia A. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
As people age, the mind and spirit become increasingly important factors in the multidimensional nature of health and illness. Spirituality in health care focuses on the inner life of people and how they find meaning, purpose, and connectedness to the significant or sacred. Mind–body medicine seeks to understand the interconnectedness of the mind and body and to use interventions that promote wellness based on that interconnection. This chapter gives an overview of spiritual care in geriatric care, including the assessment of spiritual distress in aging and dying, with appropriate interventions. Mindfulness-based interventions that are particularly relevant for older adults are also discussed.
Men’s Health
Authors: Muñoz George , Kogan Mikhail 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to review nutrition, hormones, natural substances, and integrative aspects to men’s health specific to the geriatric population. This segment of the population is growing, and they are more active and want to remain so for as long as possible. Older men therefore are entitled to and demand healthy options and lifestyle education and interventions to meet their future goals. This chapter covers exercise, nutrition, and food recommendation for the healthy aging male. Topics include prostate health, sexuality, erectile dysfunction, and hormone deficiencies, specifically testosterone and DHEA. Recommendations are provided on bone health, sleep, balance, and mind–body intervention. A global approach to healthy aging is suggested when providing care for aging men.
Pain
Authors: Brodsky Marc , Hansen Ann E. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Persistent pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that continues for a prolonged period of time and that may or may not be associated with a recognizable disease process. Older people may suffer from conditions such as knee osteoarthritis, low back pain, neck pain and headache, neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, and cancer-related pain. Pain may impact physical function, psychological function, and other aspects of quality of life. A thorough history and physical examination may optimally assess a person with a persistent pain complaint in the context of a multifactorial pathway from accumulated impairments in multiple systems. Older people may perceive that integrative medicine treatments based on lifestyle and lower-risk therapies may help them get relief from pain and improve quality of life. Follow-up evaluation of positive and negative effects of therapeutic modalities and medications may guide the treatment plan.
Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Caroline Mara , Bradley Ryan , Guarneri Mimi 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The older population is challenging to treat for numerous reasons, including comorbid conditions and increased susceptibility to adverse drug reactions, limiting medical therapy. They are at increased risk for loneliness and depression, which strongly impacts their cardiovascular outcomes, and they also have different values, usually prioritizing quality of life over mortality objectives. Finally, the elderly are underrepresented in cardiovascular clinical trials, thus limiting the applicability of guideline recommendations. This chapter emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive assessment of individual circumstances when assessing cardiovascular health in the elderly population. The chapter focuses on the role of nutrition, resiliency, and exercise for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Nutrient deficiencies commonly seen with cardiovascular drugs are also discussed, as well as specific integrative strategies for optimizing dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure in this population.
Endocrine Disorders: Integrative Treatments of Hypothyroidism, Diabetes, and Adrenal Dysfunction
Authors: Yang James 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Thyroid function, glucose metabolism, and an adaptive hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis are critical determinants of health and wellness. This chapter highlights the integrative physiology and interactions between these three systems and an integrative medicine approach to these conditions. Integrative medicine expands the evaluation of endocrine dysfunction through a person-centered approach. Patients’ overall symptoms and physiological function should be taken into account in evaluating thyroid function and planning treatment. Our approach to diabetes focuses on the importance of lifestyle changes and nutrition. Our perspective of the effects of chronic stress has been informed by current perspectives on neurobiology and neuroplasticity; chronic stress leaves its mark on the brain through changes in structure as well as its function in adapting to further stress. We present an integrative approach to manage and improve these three endocrine systems to address disease and improve patients’ energy and health.
The Healthy Gut in Older Adults
Authors: Sierpina Victor , Welch Karen , Desai Dimple , Rotkiewicz Anna 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Gastrointestinal issues are among the most common problems in older adults, who present a unique set of issues related to the aging gut. An integrative physician attends to these issues by avoiding polypharmacy, reducing overuse of invasive procedures and medications, optimizing nutritional recommendations, and supporting quality of life. This chapter describes a variety of approaches that include functional medicine, lifestyle, mind-body, bioenergetics, botanical, herbal, and other measures to improve gut health. Specific topics covered are gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastritis, ulcers, colon cancer, constipation, diarrhea, diverticulosis, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and hemorrhoids. An illustrative case study is provided.
Common Geriatric Infections
Authors: Prather Christina , Koroma-Nelson Mariatu , Kogan Mikhail 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The function of the immune system changes with aging. Immune support can decrease the risk of infection, are imperative practices to incorporate in the care of older adults. The most common infections among older adults are pneumonia and urinary tract infection (UTI). Infections in older person often associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Antibiotics are commonly prescribed for variety of infections, however, often these can lead to severe complications such as infectious diarrhea. Integrative methods of managing non-life threatening infections reviewed in this chapter. In addition, this chapter details different ways of maintaining healthy immune function in older patient.
Integrated Approaches to Treating Lung Diseases in the Geriatric Population
Authors: Rao Seema 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Structural and functional changes in the aging lung and body predispose the older patient to pulmonary diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and chronic dyspnea. Pulmonary diseases of the aging population have a negative impact on morbidity and mortality and quality of life and increase the burden on health care costs. Pharmacological treatment remains the standard of care, but polypharmacy in the older patients can be an issue and has been associated with negative consequences. Integrative or nonpharmacological approaches can be used in conjunction with conventional therapy and can decrease dependence on pharmacological drugs. Integrative approaches include nutrition, breathing exercises, yoga, acupuncture, use of botanicals and supplements, tai chi, and mind–body therapy. This chapter examines the evidence for integrative or nonpharmacological approaches and provides recommendations for their use in pulmonary diseases of older adults.
Neurodegenerative Diseases: Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Diseases
Authors: Ellenstein Aviva , Prather Christina , Kogan Mikhail 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases increase in prevalence with aging. This chapter begins with a discussion of Parkinson’s disease. Optimally individualized treatment includes dopaminergic medications, physiotherapy, and multidisciplinary care. Evidence for integrative approaches is limited. Advances in genetics and biomarkers hold promise for subtype-specific, precision treatment in the near future. The second part of this chapter focuses on Alzheimer’s disease. Standard evaluation includes assessment for possible contributing factors that may worsen cognition, and management includes optimizing factors that may improve cognitive function. No disease-modifying medical approaches yet exist, but increasing emphasis on interventions to limit chronic inflammation and optimize brain metabolism remain fundamental in the integrative approach to Alzheimer’s disease. The new metabolic approach first described by Dr. Dale Bredesen is summarized and the importance of multidisciplinary care, with emphasis on early transition to palliative care when appropriate, is reviewed.
Falls
Authors: Dinescu Anca , Kogan Mikhail 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Falls in the elderly are very common, and their frequency increases with aging. At a personal level, falls are associated with a subsequent fear of falling, a decline in function, increased nursing home placement, and increased use of medical services, and complications resulting from falls represent the leading cause of death from injury in geriatric population. At the more global level, falls in the elderly are associated with increased use of medical services and increased cost directly to the patient and also indirectly, if we add the number of hours of work lost by caregivers who will assume care of that elderly person after the fall. This chapter covers the definition and relevance of falls in the elderly population; etiology and risk factors for falls; evaluation and management; and assessment for and correction of risk factors. Integrative management approaches discussed in this chapter are movement and exercise, nutrition and supplements, and hormone replacement.
Skin, Vision, and Hearing
Authors: Seidel Ilana , Sevier Justin 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Over time, organs may lose their ability to adapt to the oxidative stressors from internal and external environments. Exercise and other lifestyle factors may slow the effects of aging. This chapter focuses on changes in three organ systems: skin, vision, and hearing. Alternative recommendations are given for preventing or delaying age-related skin conditions, eye diseases, and hearing loss. Topics covered are melanoma, skin cancer, sun exposure, xerosis, pressure ulcers, cataracts, macular degeneration, glaucoma, and presbycusis. Mock case studies are provided to further explain risk factors.
Functional Laboratory Studies
Authors: Orceyre Deirdre , Mehta Ronak , Kogan Mikhail 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Functional laboratory studies involve blood, urine, stool, and saliva tests that evaluate physiological function. While most conventionally used lab tests identify pathology, functional lab studies allow identification of health risks before frank pathology develops. Reference ranges of these tests are identified as “optimal” rather than by a statistical average. Functional lab testing is also used to evaluate systems as opposed to pathology—for example, comprehensive digestive analysis or functional hormone/endocrine analysis. Functional lab testing may help with the complex task of identifying food sensitivities. As the area of genomics develops, functional evaluations of an individual’s genome may provide insight into possible directions for diet, supplement, and lifestyle interventions.
Primary Care for Homebound Patients
Authors: Jayes Robert L. , Kaiser Robert M. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Home-based primary care is on the rise for several reasons: an aging population for which office-based care is less convenient, favorable changes in Medicare fee-for-service reimbursement, and a greater recognition that the care of sick homebound adults may be better done in their home. Home care practices can care for homebound patients with multiple comorbidities more efficiently, with lower costs and equivalent or superior outcomes. Home care is invaluable for individuals who may not be able to travel easily to a clinician’s office. Integrative Medicine may provide helpful treatment modalities for individuals being cared for at home—in particular, complementary treatments for common conditions such as chronic pain, falls, depression, anxiety, and insomnia. The home has also become an important educational setting in which learners can readily acquire the knowledge, skills, and attitudes that are essential in providing optimal care for complex, frail patients.
Long-Term Care/Residential Care
Authors: Lodhi Tahira I. , Alchalabi Tania 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Given the increase in the geriatric population, the norms of long-term care systems will be forced to change in societies all over the world. This chapter provides an overview of the different levels of care available, from independent living to inpatient, subacute, rehab, assisted living facilities, group homes, and long-term care. A case study is provided of a couple’s declining health trajectory and worsening functional status, identifying resources that pay for various levels of care. Given that care plans must be tailored to the patient’s needs and circumstance, this review provides the foundation to build the structure of a transition or discharge plan. The use of complementary and alternative medicine in long-term care facilities is briefly covered.
Bioethical Issues in Integrative Geriatrics
Authors: Roth Katalin 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Many older persons use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and an integrative approach is very consistent with the holistic model of geriatric “slow medicine.” Ethical practice requires an understanding of the patient’s values and goals of care. The core ethical principles of beneficence, autonomy, and justice are applied to geriatric concerns such as decision-making capacity, prognosis, and advance care planning. Informed consent requires that patients understand the goals of treatment, conventional options, and the evidence and safety of CAM therapies. Legal issues affecting CAM providers such as licensing, referrals, and malpractice are reviewed.
Integrative Palliative Care
Authors: Lee Angela , Cheng Stephanie , Lupu Dale 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Integrative medicine and palliative medicine share many tenets. This chapter reviews integrative approaches to the most common symptoms needing palliation among geriatric patients at the end of life, including pain, nausea and vomiting, constipation, dyspnea, and fatigue. Several palliative care approaches to communication about patient goals and advance care planning for a time when the patient is unable to make decisions are described. Resources to support advance care planning are provided. Finally, issues that need to be addressed by either primary care geriatrics or in consultation with palliative care in the last weeks, days, and hours of life are described.
Positive Aging
Authors: Sierpina Michelle , Lunsford Beverly 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
While we cannot control all the factors involved in aging, there is much we can do as individuals and as a society to contribute to continued improvements in our well-being and longevity. Tomorrow’s healthy aging requires creating options for older adults by funding and providing exceptional, evidence-supported aging services within our communities. It also involves educating health care providers and older adults and their families about the most current interventions for optimizing dynamic, positive aging. Those options include creative expression through music, dance and other physical activities, art, theater, poetry, journaling, life reflection, meditation, and more. Healthy lifestyle choices can and must become a norm for positive aging.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for Glioblastoma of the Corpus Callosum
Authors: Beaumont Thomas L , Mohammadi Alireza M , Kim Albert H , Barnett Gene H , Leuthardt Eric C 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Glioblastoma of the corpus callosum is particularly difficult to treat, as the morbidity of surgical resection generally outweighs the potential survival benefit. Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a safe and effective treatment option for difficult to access malignant gliomas of the thalamus and insula.

OBJECTIVE
To assess the safety and efficacy of LITT for the treatment of glioblastoma of the corpus callosum.

METHODS
We performed a multicenter retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. The primary endpoint was the safety and efficacy of LITT as a treatment for glioblastoma of the corpus callosum. Secondary endpoints included tumor coverage at thermal damage thresholds, median survival, and change in Karnofsky Performance Scale score 1 mo after treatment.

RESULTS
The study included patients with de novo or recurrent glioblastoma of the corpus callosum (n = 15). Mean patient age was 54.7 yr. Mean pretreatment Karnofsky Performance Scale score was 80.7 and there was no significant difference between subgroups. Mean tumor volume was 18.7 cm3. Hemiparesis occurred in 26.6% of patients. Complications were more frequent in patients with tumors >15 cm3 (RR 6.1, P = .009) and were associated with a 32% decrease in survival postLITT. Median progression-free survival, survival postLITT, and overall survival were 3.4, 7.2, and 18.2 mo, respectively.

CONCLUSION
LITT is a safe and effective treatment for glioblastoma of the corpus callosum and provides survival benefit comparable to subtotal surgical resection with adjuvant chemoradiation. LITT-associated complications are related to tumor volume and can be nearly eliminated by limiting the procedure to tumors of 15 cm3 or less.