bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences chronological age and dental age using Demirjian method based upon a study radiology using radiography panoramic at the Dental Hospital Hasanuddin University
Authors: Yunus Barunawaty , Wardhani Yulia 
Published: December 2016

Background.Choronological age is assessed by the date, month, and year of birth. Several researches suggested that Chronological age may not be able to provide sufficient information regarding on human growth precisely. Chronological age, on the other hand, could not be used to assess Maturity development rate of a patient, so it is necessary to assess the dental age. Dental age is age assessment method by measuring human growth and development. Age estimation has important role in health field, Particularly in dentistry as it will be beneficial in making appropriate diagnosis, Treatment plan, and prognosis. Tooth eruption estimation according to Demirjian Method conducted by assessing growth and development process of tooth using panoramic radiography. Purpose. Determine the difference between Chronological Age and Dental Age Using Demirjian Method Based on Radiology Analysis of Panoramic Radiography. Method. This study was an observational analytic using Cross-sectional study, all data are observed once at the time. In this study, the amount of sample reviewed were 30 samples, consisted of 4 – 9 years old children. Panoramic radiography were collected based on target population which fulfill Sample Criteria from reconciled patient of radiology department RSGM Unhas. The results were obtained by estimating the score of dental age using Demirjian Method. After that, the Dental age and chronological age were analayzed to obtain the mean difference. Result. Based on wilcoxon test, mean value was obtain p:0.011 (p<0.05), this result shows that there is significant difference between chronological age and dental age. Conclusion.Chronological age and dental age can be assessed by reviewing the panoramic radiography using Demirjian Method
The toxicity of brown algae (sargassum sp) extract to mice (mus muscullus)
Authors: Wariz Rahmat , Asfa Nur WR. , Fauzi Abul 
Published: December 2016

Indonesian is a country with very large and overflow marine biological resources. Utilization of seaweed has been developed and become a source of revenue for Indonesian who live in coastal areas with high potential for seaweed.The demand of seaweed in the world increases as increasing in the use of seaweed for various purposeamong others in the fields of industry, food, textile, paper, paints, cosmetics, medical and pharmaceutical field. Alginate is one of materials that commonly used in the field of dentistry as printed materials to create study models. Materials in the field of dentistry must be biocompatible to the oral cavity tissues. The materials should be stable, safe, comfortable, and certainly doesn’t have a toxicity character to the oral cavity tissues and other tissues in human body. The purpose of this study is to know the toxicity of extract brown algaeSargassum sp given orally to mice.The research perform experimental laboratory research type withexperimental post-tes-only control group design. The reseach samples applyfemales white mice (Mus muscullus). Research samples divided into 5 groups of 5 female mices for each treatment group. Treatment group 1 was given 500mg/kgBW doses of Sargassum sp, group 2 was given 1000mg/KgBW doses of Sargassum sp, group 3 was given 1500mg/KgBW doses of Sargassum sp, group 4 were 2000mg/KgBW doses of Sargassum sp, and a control group was given only dose of Na CMC. The result of this study isdose in humans are converted into 2000mg/KgBW in mice, is a doses that doesn’t cause the death of whole animals. Based of acute toxicity category, the extracts of Sargassum sp that obtained from Punaga Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi includes in the mild toxic.
The difference of anti-inflammatory effect of brown algae extract panida sp. and sargassum sp that is derived from Punaga beach, South Sulawesi
Authors: Asmawati Asmawati , Hasyim Rafikah , Lianingsih Andi IA. , Ariani Dwi F. 
Published: December 2016

Seaweed is one of resourceful plants in Indonesia. Some researchers suggested that brown seaweed has a potential to be an anti-inflammatory agent because it contains polysaccharide sulfate, PUFA, and fuchosantin. Punaga Village that is located in South Sulawesi is an area where most people work as seaweed farmer and cultivation of seaweed. This is why researcher found it interest to use natural sources as an alternative of herbal medicine especially as an anti-inflammatory. The objective of this study was to evaluate the difference of anti-inflammatory effect of brown algae extract Padina sp. and Sargassum sp. that is derived from Punaga Beach, South Sulawesi toward mice. Twenty male mice were used as sample in this study weighing 14-35 g and divided into four groups. Thirty minutes after injection of test material, 0.5 ml pepton 1% is injected into mice leg. The assessment of mice leg use plethysmometer that is taken on the first hour until fourth hour after injection of pepton 1%. Data analysis use T-test to find out the difference of anti-inflamatory effect of brown algae extract Padina sp. and Sargassum sp. The result of this study showed that brown algae extract Padina sp has p<0.05 and brown algae extract Sargassum sp. has p< 0.05 which means that there are anti-inflammatory effect found in both test materials. It is found that brown algae extract Padina sp.has longer anti inflammatory effect half time than in brown algae extract Sargassum sp.
Remote Measurement of Linear Polarization Resistance In Concrete Structures
Authors: Bernal Castillo F. , Aperador W. , Roa-Rodríguez G. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThe monitoring of corrosion in reinforced concrete structures is considered an important preventive factor against the corrosive damage. The present paper shows the design and construction of a device which performs remote measurements of the polarization resistance of reinforcing steel, this was made using the electrochemical technique of linear polarization resistance as a method to obtain the information of the corrosive process. The development was carried out by implementing a potentiostat based on a free development platform. The design allows to store all the data on a physical memory and to send the results through the mobile network to a web server, where the measured values can be analyzed using an internet connection.The linear polarization resistance measurements were made in cylindrical concrete specimens with rebars of ½ ”, each one instrumented with embedded electrodes of Copper/Copper sulfate and graphite. The specimens were subjected to a saturated environment of chlorides (3.5%) where the corrosive process was monitored with the developed system. The results were compared with tests performed on a commercial potentiostat / galvanostat, where the values obtained have an mean of 4.83%.
The need to enhance the employability competences (knowledge, skills, autonomy, and attitudes) of undergraduates in Agriculture. Evidence from students’ perceptions and employers’ expectations
Authors: Armoogum Nigel Yoven , Ramasawmy Brinda , Driver Brigitte Marie Françoise 
Published: December 2016

The Faculty of Agriculture (FoA) (University of Mauritius) is the only tertiary Education Institution in the country providing graduate training in Agriculture with an annual enrolment of about 100-125 students. Although the relative contribution of the Agricultural sector to the economy has declined over the past decade — share to GDP: 3.0% in 2014 as compared to 6.4% in 2004<a title="" href="#_ftn1">[1]</a> the introduction of new schemes in support of Bio- Farming, food processing and value-addition will attract new entrepreneurs to Agriculture. This transformation in the Agriculture sector will create new job opportunities, but has to leverage on skilled human capital. Graduates with good employability skills are of strategic importance to the FoA, in line with the government’s vision to develop a knowledge-based economy. This study aimed at mapping out the set of skills, understandings and personal attributes that will increase the job prospects of the fresh graduate from FoA in Agriculture. The main research question centred on the perceptions of employers, alumni and students of the FoA, concerning the most relevant competences for the Subject Area (key general and key subject specific competences), understandings and personal attributes, which enhance the employability of graduates in Agriculture. Using semi-structured interviews, the study explored and triangulated the perceptions from four key stakeholders’ perspectives, namely: a range of employers, Industry Placement Supervisors, alumni of the FoA and current students. Both quantitative and qualitative insights of the perceptions on the employability skills of FoA undergraduates were obtained from a wide range of employers from the private and public sector. An analysis of data from the interviews and responses was carried out using SPSS. The key attributes that were valued by the key stakeholders have been used to inform the ‘<em>Employability Skills Subject Area Framework</em>’, and the ‘<em>Curriculum Mapping</em>’, proposed for the degree of BSc (Hons) Agriscience and Technology of the FoA.<div><br clear="all" /><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /><div><p><a title="" href="#_ftnref1">[1]</a> “Digest of Agricultural Statistics Mauritius,” Ministry of Finance and Economic Development, <a href="http://statsmauritius.govmu.org/English/StatsbySubj/Documents/Digest/Digest%20of%20Agricultural%20Statistics%202014.pdf" target="_blank">http://statsmauritius.govmu.org/English/StatsbySubj/Documents/Digest/Digest%20of%20Agricultural%20Statistics%202014.pdf</a>.</p></div></div>
KEBIJAKAN PENGUSAHA YANG MENIMBULKAN KETIDAKADILAN GENDER TERHADAP BURUH PEREMPUAN DI PT DIDACHI TANGERANG
Authors: Nasihuddin Abdul Aziz , Andriyan Dody Nur , Indriasari Dewi Chusna 
Published: December 2016

The regulation of Industrial affair between women labour with company or entrepreneur, contain in Law Number 13 Year 2003 concerning Labour, and the regulation that protect women labour contain in Law Number 7 Year 1984 concerning Convention Of The Elimination Of All Forms Of Discrimation Against Women. But in the reality, there are many problems in the labour environment. Especially, if it concerning the unfairness of gender for the women, like the case in PT. DIDACHI, Tangerang. In this research, revealed about the entrepreneur policy that not only againts the regulation, but also in gender perspective they do the unfairness of gender in the term of behavior and policy. The labeling and the wrong interpretation about gender cause many policy that make the unfairness condition for the women labour in PT. DIDACHI, Tangerang. Kata kunci: Gender, interpretation of gender, unfairness of gender, women labour, entrepreneur, company.
PENDEKATAN HERMENEUTIK DALAM PENEGAKAN HUKUM (UPAYA DEKONSTRUKSI TERHADAP POSITIVISME HUKUM)
Authors: Hermansyah Hermansyah 
Published: December 2016

Law enforcement is one of great problem in our development country. Law itself; often misused by agent of law enforcement, likely police, attorneys even judge. If it’s traced, that the beginning problem is the strong of positivism as paradigm in life of law, where the law itself only as state of law where the interpretation of law stressing on certainty only. Hermeneutics, especially critical hermeneutic, an offered in law enforcement. Kata Kunci: Penegakkan hukum, positivism dan hermeneutik
GAGASAN REFORMASI BIROKRASI DALAM RANCANGAN UNDANG UNDANG (RUU) TENTANG ADMINISTRASI PEMERINTAHAN
Authors: Indiahono Dwiyanto 
Published: December 2016

Draft of Public Administration Law in the reality is arranging how public administration done by government and citizen. This draft is legal fundament to put down public functionary rights and obligations, governmental institution (as public organization) and public as citizen more equal. Bureaucracy reform have to be viewed as complex domain, and also require the complex effort to support it. RUU AP has to esteem as part of bureaucracy reform effort in Indonesia. And to hope happened high acceleration in bureaucracy reform, hence RUU AP has to be supported with effort of developing commitment of public functionaries, developing system public service, improving the quality of human resource, improving exploiting of technology in bureaucracy (e-gov) and create best culture of bureaucracy. Key words: bureaucracy reform, public administration law, and culture of bureaucracy.
DOKTRIN ULTRA VIRES DAN KONSEKUENSI PENERAPANNYA TERHADAP BADAN HUKUM PRIVAT
Authors: Ibrahim Johnny 
Published: December 2016

An acts is ultra vires when corporation is without authority to perform it under any circumstance or for any purpose beyond the scope of the powers of corporation, as defined by its charter or by law of incorporation. Some countries restrict the application of the doctrine of ultra vires but do not abolish it. Indonesia adopt doctrine of ultra vires in some of its law such as Law No. 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Company and Law No. 25 of 2003 concerning Anti Money Laundering. The provisions of ultra vires doctrine has impact to other legal person than Limited Liability Company. Key words: ultra vires, extra vires, intra vires
MENGGUGAT RELASI FILSAFAT POSITIVISME DENGAN AJARAN HUKUM DOKTRINAL
Authors: Samekto FXAdji 
Published: December 2016

In the teaching of law, there is often "mistaken", that puts legal positivism (jurisprudence) is identical with the philosophy of positivism. Legal positivism be identified as an instance of positivism philosophy intact. The study of legal positivism, in fact very closely related to the philosophy and teachings of the law from time to time. The effects of natural law in the scholastic era, then the era of rationalism and the influence of positivism in the philosophy of natural science is very attached to the legal positivism until today. Therefore not only the philosophy of positivism affecting the development of legal positivism. Based on that then the legal positivism in fact has a characteristic which is different from the social sciences. If the social sciences were developed based on the philosophy of positivism, the doctrinal teaching of the law is not entirely been developed based on the philosophy of positivism. Not all the logical positivist philosophy can be applied in the doctrinal law. Keywords : positivism, legal positivism, doctrinal
MODEL IDEAL PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMBENTUKAN PERATURAN DAERAH
Authors: Rumeste RS Iza 
Published: December 2016

There are some negative phenomena in this autonomy era that changing of new local regulation that has just legalized and not effectively implemented with the new regulation that not relevant with the society need. This regulation has been changed because its contradictive with the higher regulations. It phenomena happen because of less participation of the society in making the local regulation, started from the making process to the evaluation process. Keywords: ideal model, public participation, local regulation
PELAKSANAAN SYARI’AT ISLAM DI ACEH SEBAGAI BAGIAN WILAYAH NEGARA KESATUAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA (NKRI)
Authors: Bahri Syamsul 
Published: December 2016

The application of Sharia law is not a new thing in Indonesia, especially in Aceh. Since pre independent day of Indonesia, Aceh had been famous with its Islamic Empires, such as Samudra Pasai and Aceh Darussalam empires. Nowadays, such law is still applied by the people. However, in applying such law there are some constraints as a result of there is no fix and clear form that can be guidance in Aceh. The efforts done to find the suitable formula for such application are still conducted in every life activity that in the future might give its own characteristic in legal and political studies in Indonesia. Key words : Sharia Law, special authonomy and Qanun
PENGAWASAN KINERJA ADVOKAT DALAM PEMBERIAN BANTUAN DAN PELAYANAN JASA HUKUM (STUDI DI JAWA TENGAH)
Authors: Raharjo Agus , Angkasa Angkasa , Nugroho Hibnu 
Published: December 2016

The performance of advocate simply defined as the effectiveness of the services provided by advocates and efficiency of resources allocated and used to prepare such services. There are several reasons that make the effectiveness of the performance advocate can not be determined as exact. Research that seeks to find and locate the causes of the use of empirical legal research methods with sociological and economics approach. The indicators of performance can be classified into several types, namely efficiency, effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and impact indicators. Based on the results of a study of lawyers, law firm/law office or legal aid organizations in Central Java, a performance indicator has not been implemented fully and consistently. They have not implemented a process-oriented quality management as an end result of legal services. Orientation is still focused on the principle of win-lose in handling criminal cases, and management principles are ignored. Transparency as a precondition for performance measurement is also difficult to obtain. This happens because the oversight of the work of da n their performance is still very weak. Keywords: advocate, performance, legal services, legal aid
PROBLEMATIC APPLICATION OF CRIMINAL REVOCATION OF POLITICAL RIGHTS IN PERSPECTIVE OF CORRUPTION LAW
Authors: Edi Edi As' 
Published: December 2016

The spirit of fighting corruption in Indonesia based on the spirit of the Declaration of the 8th International Conference against Corruption and Indonesia United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) UN 58/ 4 dated October 31, 2003, and Law No. 7 of 2006 on the Ratification of the UN Convention on Anti-Corruption of 2003 and Act No. 20 of 2001. The implementation of the Law on Corruption tends not optimal. As a new breakthrough reached the imposition of criminal sanctions in the form of revocation of political rights for the accused of corruption. Although in practice the criminal is considered unconstitutional. Given the enormous impact of corruption, namely the loss suffered by the people and the state, the current criminal disenfranchisement for perpetrators of political corruption has been duly applied. Keywords: pull, rights, corruption, politics.
ANALISIS TERJEMAHAN UNGKAPAN EUFEMISME DAN DISFEMISME PADA TEKS BERITA ONLINE BBC
Authors: Meilasari Priska , Nababan Nababan , Djatmika Djatmika 
Published: December 2016

<p>Gaya bahasa eufemisme dan disfemisme seringkali digunakan penulis berita untuk memberi penekanan pada informasi tertentu. Gaya bahasa semacam ini juga sering digunakan penulis berita di media online BBC. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat penggunaan ungkapan eufemisme dan disfemisme serta bagaimana ungkapan-ungkapan tersebut diterjemahkan dalam BBC versi bahasa Indonesia.</p><p>Penelitian ini tergolong penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan bentuk studi kasus terpancang. Data penelitian ini adalah ungkapan eufemisme dan disfemisme yang diambil dari 20 teks berita online BBC dan terjemahannya. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan analisis dokumen, kuesioner dan, <em>focus group discussion</em>. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model analisis isi <em>Spradely</em>.</p><p>Ungkapan eufemisme dan disfemisme dalam teks berita BBC sebagian besar diterjemahkan dengan mempertahankan jenis ungkapan tersebut di bahasa sasaran (disfemisme menjadi disfemisme sebanyak 50% dan eufemisme menjadi eufemisme sebanyak 25%). Penerjemah mempertahankan jenis ungkapan-ungkapan tersebut di bahasa sasaran dengan menggunakan teknik padanan lazim di sebagian besar data (61,6%). Pemilihan teknik penerjemahan tersebut memberikan dampak positif pada kualitas terjemahan. Terjemahan ungkapan eufemisme dan disfemisme yang paling baik dan akurat adalah yang mempertahankan jenis ungkapan dalam bahasa sasaran.</p><p> </p><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> penerjemahan, eufemisme, disfemisme, teknik penerjemahan, kualitas terjemahan
SHALL YOU BE 'UNMARRIED' TO GET A JOB IN INDONESIA? CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF JOB RECRUITMENT PROCESS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Pratama Hendi 
Published: December 2016

<p>In this article, I look into four job vacancy advertisements published by two state owned enterprise and two private companies. Using critical discourse analysis (CDA), this article focuses on the text implicit discrimination shown in the usage of the term "unmarried" or the synonyms which are often shown in the text for job vacancy in Indonesia. In order to keep the validity of the data, the job vacancy ads were taken directly from the companies’ websites. This study uses Fairclough (1995) framework on the technologization of the discourse. There are three arguments to be proven in this paper: (1) advertisers’ ideology supporting the discrimination of marital status, (2) advertisers’ perception toward societies’ ignorance in the ideology, and (3) to show the existence of anti-mainstream ideology similar to technologization of discourse. </p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>critical discourse analysis, discrimination, ideology</p>
Conventional Implicature in Patient Package Inserts
Authors: Dharmawan Ruben 
Published: December 2016

<p>The study aims to investigate the legal aspects and the informative aspects, especially the conventional implicature of patient package inserts. Eighty five patient package inserts were collected from licensed drugstores in Surakarta and the surroundings from February 1, 2013 to February 15, 2013 to be qualitative content analyzed. It was found that out of eighty five inserts, seventy four (87 percents) gave explanation in Indonesian only; eight package inserts (9.4 percents) had English and Indonesian translations; and three (3.6 percents) had English texts only. It seems that most of the pharmaceutical companies do not think original leaflets important for drug users or public readers. The companies focus more on legal aspects than on good benefit that might be gained by attaching the original ones. Without original brochures, it is not known whether the translation meet the Readability Guideline expectations: faithful translation, understandable and patient-friendly. Eight package brochures having English and Indonesian translation were discussed. Three of them contained sentences with inference markers of conventional implicature. The inference markers were: even, therefore and but; their conventional implicature were explained by way of the drugs mechanisms and metabolisms in human body. The scarcity of conventional implicature indicated by only three words (even, therefore and but) or three sentences among about eight times five hundred words or around four hundred sentences could be an indication of appreciable efforts of the English writers to meet understandable and patient-friendly information. They seemed to avoid conventional implicature that might be understood differently by many drug users or public readers.</p><p> </p><p><br />Key words: legal and informative aspects, readability, patient-friendly.</p>
Modality Realizations in A Cross-Cultural Casual Conversation: A Systemic Functional Linguistics Perspective
Authors: Sunardi Sunardi 
Published: December 2016

<p>This paper aims at construing the ways two spakers of a casual conversation who are culturally different realize their commitments towards the truth of their exchanges in the conversation. The corpus of data of this study was a stretch of approximately fifty-five-minute taped-English-conversation between a native speaker (an American female) and a non-native speaker (an Indonesian male). The data were analyzed by referring to Basic System of Modality as suggested by Matthiessen (1995) in systemic functional linguistics tradition. The study reveals that NNS was more unsure towards the truth of the propositions he exchanged in the conversation compared to NS. In modalizing his propositions, NNS preferred using subjective orientation compared to NS who preferred judging something on behalf of others.</p><p><br />Keywords: modality, modalization, modulation, systemic functional linguistics</p>