bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract B19: Pediatric Cancer Late Effects Clinic Patients in Utah: Potential Barriers to Care
Authors: Ou Judy Y. , Smits-Seemann Rochelle R. , Wright Jennifer A. , Kirchhoff Anne C. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Background: Cancer late effects clinics are important to manage health complications experienced by cancer survivors, but little is known about potential barriers to attendance in rural states where many patients live far away from cancer centers. We identify demographic, clinical and residency factors associated with clinic attendance at the only pediatric cancer late effects clinic in Utah.
Methods: Medical records identified survivors diagnosed with cancer at age ≤25 years from 1986-2011 who currently reside in Utah. We linked records to the late effects clinic patient registry, available from 2010 to present. Participants were geocoded using their most recent residential zip code according to medical and driver's license records. The Euclidean distance between the clinic and the centroid of each zip code were calculated. Participants were classified into median income brackets based on the same zip code information. Log-linear models identified associations between attendance and the demographic and clinical factors. Generalized estimating equations were used in analyses for zip-code level residential distance and income with attendance.
Results: Of 1,935 survivors, only 10% had ≥1 clinic visit. Attendance is associated with leukemia/lymphoma diagnosis (odds ratio [OR]=1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.14-2.39 vs. other solid tumors) and current age between 19-30 years (OR=3.01; 95% CI=1.33-6.79 vs. ≥30 years). Hispanic ethnicity was not associated with late effects clinic attendance (OR=0.94; 95% CI =0.47-1.87 vs Non-Hispanic). Living in a zip code with a residential distance of less than 20 miles (OR=1.37, 95% CI=0.73-2.58 vs. ≥60 miles), and living in zip codes with median income between $60,000 and $70,000 (OR=1.45, 95% CI=0.67-3.11 vs. &gt;$50,000/year) showed positive, non-significant associations with attendance.
Conclusions: Late effects clinics are not widely attended by childhood and adolescent cancer survivors in Utah. Current age and previous cancer diagnosis are associated with attendance. Area of residence and income show possible associations with clinic attendance, although more investigation is needed to examine how these access-related factors influence attendance. Outreach efforts may be needed to connect cancer survivors with late effects clinics. Further investigation is needed to identify potential economic and geographic barriers to care.
Citation Format: Judy Y. Ou, Rochelle R. Smits-Seemann, Jennifer A. Wright, Anne C. Kirchhoff. Pediatric Cancer Late Effects Clinic Patients in Utah: Potential Barriers to Care. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B19.
Abstract B41: Metformin and indole-3-carbinol (I3C) modulate regulation of genes involved in dedifferentiation in chemo-resistant pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Lyn-Cook Beverly , Cooper George , Word Beverly , Hammons George 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remains one of the deadliest cancers and is projected to become the second leading cause of cancer death by 2020. More alarming, is the projection of death in minority populations for this cancer. Although several risk factors have been associated with the etiology of this cancer, such as smoking, diet, obesity and recently nicotine, it continues to steadily increase. Numerous studies have shown the importance of cancer stem cells in cancer resistance and self-renewal. Dedifferentiation of cancer cells requires key factors to be present in the tumor environment. These factors are regulated by key transcription factors that are known to control cancer stem cells and dedifferentiation. Using a human embryonic stem cell RT2 Profiler gene array, numerous stem cell genes expressed in pancreatic cancer cell lines (MIAPaca2, Panc1) can be identified. However, this study focused on those involved in dedifferentiation of cancer cells. Although both cell lines, Panc-1 and MIAPaCa2 (Mia), expressed high levels of SOX 2, NANOG, CD44, GATA 2, POU5F1 (OCT4), and other genes, differences were noted in the expression of GATA6. GATA6 is a zinc finger transcription factor that is known to play a role in regulating cellular differentiation and organogenesis in gut, lung and heart development and has been found to be overexpressed in pancreatic, gastric and esophageal cancers. A pathogenic gene signature has emerged for genes regulated by GATA6 that could provide potential drug targets. Mia cells, which are less resistance to the standard drug used for pancreatic cancer, gemcitabine, expressed higher levels of GATA6 compared to Panc1, a more resistance phenotype. Treatment of cells with I3C alone at 100 or 200 µM inhibited the expression of GATA6 in Mia cells, compared to Panc 1 cells. Treatment with metformin alone and in combination with I3C showed similar results. Modulation of other gene expressions was noted with treatment of I3C and metformin, such as DPPA2, THY1, CCNA2 and DPPA2. This study has shown that the dietary agent, I3C, alone and in combination with metformin down-regulate critical stem cell genes involved in dedifferentiation of cancer cells that should affect the maintenance of their pluripotency and self-renewal.
Citation Format: Beverly Lyn-Cook, George Cooper, Beverly Word, George Hammons. Metformin and indole-3-carbinol (I3C) modulate regulation of genes involved in dedifferentiation in chemo-resistant pancreatic cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B41.
Abstract C22: Race does not influence outcome in triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Butler Shaunte , Chagpar Anees B. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: While it is known that Black women are more likely to get triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) which carries a poor prognosis, it is less clear whether race affects outcome in this subtype independent of other factors. We sought to determine, in a national database, the relative impact of race and socioeconomic status on overall survival in women diagnosed with TNBC.
METHODS: The National Cancer Database was queried to determine factors affecting overall survival of patients diagnosed with TNBC between 2004 and 2013. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards models were performed using SPSS Version 21.
RESULTS: 64,839 patients with TNBC (excluding other malignancies) were included in the analysis. Median patient age was 57 (range; 19-90). Of these, 47,124 (72.7%) were white, and 14,541 (22.4%) were black. Black women were more likely to be uninsured (5.2% vs. 3.0%, p&lt;0.001) and in the lowest household income quartile (&lt;$38,000; 39.9% vs. 13.7%, p&lt;0.001). In addition, blacks were less likely to present with Stage 1 disease (31.6% vs. 41.2%, p&lt;0.001), and more likely to have high grade tumors (85.3% vs. 80.2%, p&lt;0.001). On average, blacks also had a longer time interval between diagnosis and initiation of treatment (34 vs. 28 days, p&lt;0.001). Blacks had a mean overall survival of 94 months, compared to 98 months for whites (p&lt;0.001). On multivariate Cox regression modelling controlling for age, stage, grade, time to first treatment, income, insurance status, comorbidities (measured by Charlson score), and region, race was no longer predictive of overall survival in patients with TNBC (black vs. white OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.98-1.11, p=0.199). Patients with private insurance were significantly less likely to die than those who were uninsured (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.59-0.75, p&lt;0.001) independent of other factors. Similarly, those in the highest income quartile were less likely to die than those in the lowest (OR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.73-0.85, p&lt;0.001). Patient age (p&lt;0.001), stage (p&lt;0.001), grade (p&lt;0.001), region (p&lt;0.001), Charlson score (p&lt;0.001) and time to treatment (p=0.001) all remained significant in the model.
CONCLUSION: While black race is associated with higher stage and grade disease, longer time to treatment and lower socioeconomic status, when controlling for these factors, race does not independently affect overall survival in women with TNBC. Disparities in breast cancer outcomes in this population therefore appear to be mediated more by socioeconomic factors than by race alone.
Citation Format: Shaunte Butler, Anees B. Chagpar. Race does not influence outcome in triple negative breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr C22.
Abstract C35: Differential inflammatory cytokine secretion between African American and Caucasian colon cancer cell lines
Authors: Sanchez Jenny Elizabeth Paredes , Munoz-Sagastibelza Maria , Peing Ji , Martello-Rooney Laura , Williams Jennie 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality rates in African Americans (AAs) are up to 38% higher than in Caucasian Americans (CAs). Moreover, our previous studies reported that AAs have hypermethylated DNA regions in inflammatory genes such as NELL1, GDF1, ARHGEF4, and ITGA4; suggesting that AAs have differences in their inflammation patterns when compared to CAs. Therefore, we used two AA tumor-derived cell lines, which were generated in Dr. Williams' laboratory, and two CA tumor-derived cell lines to study the production of the pro-inflammatory IL-8 and anti-inflammatory IL-10 cytokines as they relate to possible differences in the inflammatory response. The inflammatory inducers IL-1B and TNF-alpha as well as Lipopolysaccharide from E. coli were used to mimic colonic inflammatory niches and induce cytokines secretion in these four cell lines. As hypothesized, our results show a significantly higher inflammatory cytokine production of IL-8 in the CA cell lines in response to all the treatments when compared to the AA cell lines. In contrast, secretion of IL-10 between the cell lines was within the same range. We could then propose that AA colon tumors secrete less IL-8 than CA colon tumors as a consequence of their DNA hypermethylated genes and this leads to deficient recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages, key cells for pathogen elimination and T cell activation. Further studies are needed to elucidate the differences in inflammation patterns between AAs and CAs and their role in CRC health disparities.
Citation Format: Jenny Elizabeth Paredes Sanchez, Maria Munoz-Sagastibelza, Ji Peing, Laura Martello-Rooney, Jennie Williams. Differential inflammatory cytokine secretion between African American and Caucasian colon cancer cell lines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr C35.
Abstract C65: Promoting colorectal cancer screening in rural Appalachian emergency department
Authors: Hatcher Jennifer , Brandford Arica , Aroh Adaeze , Adegboyega Adebola , Combs Brenda , Schoenberg Nancy 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Objective: To provide a conceptual description of an Emergency Department (ED) placed randomized controlled trial designed to reduce the disproportionate burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) among rural Appalachian residents.
Background: Residents of rural Appalachia have a higher incidence and mortality rate from CRC than residents of any other region of the country. The Centers for Disease estimate that as many as 60% of CRC deaths could be prevented if everyone aged 50 and up were screened regularly. One of the primary barriers to CRC screening for rural Appalachian residents is limited access to the health care system resulting in infrequent recommendations for screening and inadequate screening education. Given the propensity of rural Appalachians to accept health related information from trusted community members we designed an intervention to be delivered by local community health workers in the ED while individuals waited for non urgent care or waited with a family member. The ED provides services to a segment of the population that is traditionally hard to reach and at high risk for underutilization of preventive services. ED visits may be the sole point of contact with the health care system for these vulnerable individuals and provides a venue and opportunity for CRC screening promotion and education.
Methods: This ED-placed RCT, designed and implemented in collaboration with community members and health care providers in rural Eastern Kentucky, is one of the first to use the ED as a site to promote colorectal cancer screening using a community health worker trained to deliver a motivational interviewing intervention to persons waiting for non urgent care or with a family member, in the ED of rural Appalachian hospitals.
Results: We provide a conceptual overview to key elements of the intervention, including intervention development and refinement, theoretical foundations, intervention approach and implementation and evaluation procedures.
Conclusion: This RCT has recruited more than 150 persons from rural Appalachian EDs who have not been screened for CRC in accordance with guidelines. It provides promise that CRC screening promotion activities are appropriately placed in rural EDs and provides a solid platform from which researchers and providers may launch efforts to develop targeted preventative health interventions in innovative public health settings.
Citation Format: Jennifer Hatcher, Arica Brandford, Adaeze Aroh, Adebola Adegboyega, Brenda Combs, Nancy Schoenberg. Promoting colorectal cancer screening in rural Appalachian emergency department. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr C65.
Abstract IA11: Cancer patterns among US Latino subpopulations defined by country of origin
Authors: Stern Mariana C. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Latinos are the fastest growing minority ethnic group in the US and are predicted to account for ~25% of the US population by the year 2050. In spite of this, knowledge about cancer determinants and predictors of cancer outcomes in this population are lagging behind other racial/ethnic groups in the US. Importantly, most existing studies consider US Latinos as one group; however, in spite of the shared language and history, there is significant variability within this group in terms of cultural factors, genetic ancestry, and degree of assimilation to the US lifestyle. Lack of consideration of this heterogeneity may mask important cancer patterns within this population. Consideration of country of origin, using cancer registry data, might partially capture some of these indicators of heterogeneity, and may serve as a starting point to identify important differences among US Latinos. For example, there is emerging evidence that cancer incidence for some of the main cancer types differ across Latino subpopulations defined by country of origin. For several cancers, U.S.-born Latinos have higher cancer incidence than foreign-born Latinos, and Puerto Rican and Cuban Latinos seem to have higher incidence rates than Mexican Latinos. Similarly, differences can be observed across Latino subpopulations defined by country of origin in the distribution of age at diagnosis, sex, socioeconomic status, stage, tumor localization, and overall survival. These findings might be explained by the complex relationship between differences in the prevalence of cancer risk factors, both in the US and in the country of origin of foreign-born Latinos, genetic susceptibility, and access and attitudes towards health care. Elucidating these complex interactions will be critical to identify the most relevant cancer determinants and treatment strategies for US Latinos.
Citation Format: Mariana C. Stern. Cancer patterns among US Latino subpopulations defined by country of origin. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr IA11.
Abstract IA44: Colorectal cancer in Nigeria
Authors: Kingham T. Peter , Alatise Olusegun Isaac 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a growing problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We began studying CRC in Nigeria in 2011. We chose CRC because its incidence is growing rapidly in Nigeria and other LMICs. The one-year mortality rate is over 50% after patients present to centers in our consortium. We also found Nigerian patients had a higher rate of peritoneal metastases compared to American patients. In addition, patients presented at later stages, which may be due to poor access to care or differences in tumor biology. To determine the etiology of these differences we have created an NCI-recognized consortium (ARGO) that now comprises 5 hospitals in Nigeria in partnership with MSK. Late in 2013 we began to prospectively collect data and tissue from patients with CRC, funded by a pilot grant from the NCI (Nigerian IRB#ERC/2013/09/01). In addition, we have a prospective colonoscopy screening study (IRB #ERC/2013/02/17). Both studies have demonstrated obstacles to banking, tracking, and studying tissue specimens in Nigeria that we have overcome. Our data now suggests some biologic differences in CRC in Nigeria may explain poor responses to 5-FU based chemotherapy and poorer outcomes compared to similar stage American patients. We have also validated a risk model for identifying patients at high risk for colorectal cancer to attempt to limit the number of patients that should be offered colonoscopy.
Citation Format: T. Peter Kingham, Olusegun Isaac Alatise. Colorectal cancer in Nigeria. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr IA44.
Abstract A09: PDXovo: Ultra-fast in vivo drug sensitivity matrices for renal cell carcinoma patients prior to administration of targeted therapy
Authors: Lowerison Matt , Leong Hon S. , Fedyshyn Yaroslav , Chambers Ann F. , Lacefield James , Power Nicholas E. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Our next generation PDX model of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) offers the ability to pre-determine de novo drug resistance in fresh patient tumor samples prior to targeted therapy. Implantation of tumor specimens into the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of the chicken embryo results in high engraftment efficiencies within two days permitting large-scale “tumor avatar” studies due to its angiogenic microenvironment. Functional tumor heterogeneity studies can be performed in context of drug resistance within two weeks, an approach that could guide the selection of drugs and anticipate outcomes for RCC patients. This ultrafast PDX model is mirrored by high-frequency ultrasound imaging that permits quantitation of tumor volume and tumor vascularity in a high-throughput manner. Using this “tumor avatar” model paired with a prospective RCC patient cohort, we observe intratumoral functional heterogeneity in the context of Sunitinib treatment as determined by high-frequency ultrasound imaging, highlighting its interventional potential in the clinic.
Citation Format: Matt Lowerison, Hon S. Leong, Yaroslav Fedyshyn, Ann F. Chambers, James Lacefield, Nicholas E. Power. PDXovo: Ultra-fast in vivo drug sensitivity matrices for renal cell carcinoma patients prior to administration of targeted therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Patient-Derived Cancer Models: Present and Future Applications from Basic Science to the Clinic; Feb 11-14, 2016; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2016;22(16_Suppl):Abstract nr A09.
Abstract A13: Development of a drug response assessment platform for biopsy-derived tumor models
Authors: Kodack David P. , Held Matthew , Damon Leah , Lee Dana , Parks Melissa , Dicecca Richard , Greenberg Max , Engelman Jeffrey A. , Benes Cyril H. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Our labs have previously described a pharmacogenomic approach to identify therapeutic strategies in cancer cells derived directly from the biopsies of patients. These findings were made in pure cancer cell populations derived on the order of months. Our ultimate goal is to utilize one's own cancer cells for a personalized in vitro diagnostic test. Therefore, we aimed to develop a reliable method to analyze a high-throughput pharmacological screen in mixed cell populations with minimal cancer cells since this is the reality of fresh samples within weeks of the biopsy. The necessity for this is two-fold: first, the culture of patient biopsies is more successful on an irradiated fibroblast feeder layer and, second, noncancerous patient cells, including stromal fibroblasts, often survive biopsy culture. We identified a cocktail of two monoclonal antibodies, one against cytokeratin 8 and another against cytokeratin 18, as a consistent identifier of lung cancer cells that could be used in a high-throughput immunofluorescence-based assay. Drug sensitivity experiments with the immunofluorescence-based assay on patient-derived lung cancer cells mixed with feeder or stromal fibroblasts produced dose-response curves consistent with a pure cancer cell viability assay. We plan to utilize this assay to test the accuracy of patient-derived tumor models, obtained within weeks of biopsy, in mimicking patients' responses to targeted therapy. Ultimately, we hope this approach could help determine therapeutic choices for individual patients.
Citation Format: David P. Kodack, Matthew Held, Leah Damon, Dana Lee, Melissa Parks, Richard Dicecca, Max Greenberg, Jeffrey A. Engelman, Cyril H. Benes. Development of a drug response assessment platform for biopsy-derived tumor models. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Patient-Derived Cancer Models: Present and Future Applications from Basic Science to the Clinic; Feb 11-14, 2016; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2016;22(16_Suppl):Abstract nr A13.