bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A structure-based virtual screening study to identify potential inhibitors targeting the TKB domain of CBL-B
Authors: Elsabbagh Sherif 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

CBL-B is an E3-ubiquitin ligase that serves a key role in modulating immune response by negatively inhibiting effector T-cell activation. Inhibitors of CBL-B would be an effective way for immune activation, making it a promising target for cancer immunotherapy and other related immune diseases. In this study, we sought to identify potential inhibitors of CBL-B through structure-based virtual screening, molecular docking, ADMET analysis, molecular dynamics simulation, and MM/GBSA calculations. A diverse set of compounds was screened against CBL-B using molecular docking augmented by a machine-learning scoring function (RF-score). The top leads were further evaluated for their ADMET properties resulting in three compounds that were subjected to a 100 ns MD simulation. MD results revealed the stability of protein-ligand complexes. Finally, MM/GBSA calculations resulted in higher free binding energy for the three compounds compared to the cocrystallized ligand, implying better affinity towards CBL-B and suggesting the use of these compounds as novel inhibitors of CBL-B.
Comparison of intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine and magnesium during tympanoplasty
Authors: Shariatpanahi Elnaz , khajavi Mohamad , Nikooseresht Mahshid , Seifrabiei Mohamadali , Emami Seyede Faranak 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Increased bleeding volume during tympanoplasty (BDT), in addition to disturbing the surgeon's vision, increases the need for transfusion of blood products and the risk of a hemolytic reaction. This study aimed to compare the effect of intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine (D) and magnesium sulfate (MS) on BDT.
Methodology:
In this clinical trial, 40 candidates for tympanoplasty were selected. They were randomly divided into two groups of 20, which included intravenous infusion of D at a dose of 1 µg/kg and MS at a dose of 40 mg/kg. The two groups were compared in terms of BDT, surgeon satisfaction level, surgery time, amount of drug use, and complications. Data were analyzed using SPSS26 (P < 0.05).
Results
In the D and MS groups, the mean ± standard deviations of age were 44.05 ± 14.10 and 43.65 ± 12.71. The findings showed that the differences in the mean of the variables were not significant (P > 0.05); BDT = 52.75 ± 15.52, 49.50 ± 15.21 CC; Surgeon satisfaction level = 30%, 35% (very good) and 20%, 50% (good); Surgery time = 116.25 ± 25.02, 109.00 ± 17.82 minutes; Narcotic used = 6.25 ± 1.37, 6.00 ± 1.57 CC; Frequency of complications (bradycardia, dry mouth, nausea) = 55%, 65%; Mean arterial pressure = 80.85 ± 13.36, 76.50 ± 7.09 ml; Mean heart rate = 75.85 ± 9.68, 77.00 ± 5.71 per minute; Anesthesia termination time = 15.26 ± 4.85, 15.40 ± 5.03 minutes; Success rate of surgery = 0.95%, 0.85%.
Conclusion
D and MS seem to have relatively similar effects in tympanoplasty. But since fewer complications were observed in patients receiving D. We suggest that D infusion is preferred in tympanoplasty.
Microscale metal additive manufacturing by solid-state impact bonding of shaped thin films
Authors: Reiser Alain , Schuh Christopher 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The deposition of device-grade inorganic materials is one key challenge towards the implementation of additive manufacturing in microfabrication, and to that end, a broad range of physico-chemical principles has been explored for 3D fabrication with micro- and nanoscale resolution. Yet, for metals, we still lack a process that achieves material quality rivaling that of established thin-film deposition methods and at the same time has potential to combine high throughput production with a broad palette of processable materials. Here we introduce the kinetic, solid-state bonding of metal thin films for the additive assembly of high-purity, high-density metals with micrometer-scale precision. Indirect laser ablation accelerates micrometer-thick gold films to hundreds of meters per second without their heating or ablation. Their subsequent impact on the substrate above a critical velocity forms a permanent, metallic bond in the solid state. Stacked layers are of high density (>99%). By defining thin-film layers with established lithographical methods prior to launch, we demonstrate a variable feature size (2-50 μm), arbitrary shape of bonded layers and parallel transfer of up to 36 independent film units in a single shot. We thus establish the solid-state kinetic bonding principle as a viable and potentially versatile route for micro-scale AM of metals.
Spatially Confined Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation of Vegetable Protein Condensates Toward Commercializable High-protein Dysphagia Diets
Authors: Wang Tao , Wu Xin , Li Xuyuan , Xiong Wenfei , Wu Chao , Na Xiaokang , Liu Fei , Zhang Hao , Wu Weijie , Feng Wei , Wang Ren , Chen Xianfu , Binks Bernard 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Global population aging has aroused a huge demand for high-protein dysphagia diets in the form of thickened fluids. However, customizing the colloidal stability and fluid mechanics of highly concentrated protein dispersions remains a challenging task, especially for naturally ubiquitous vegetable proteins. Here we put forward spatially confined liquid-liquid phase separation (SCLLPS) of proteins through a volume exclusion effect under the stipulation of polysaccharide crowders. Using SCLLPS, concentrated proteins (15.0 wt.%) partition from bulk solution and electrostatically configure at the negatively charged sites of polysaccharide networks, thus yielding spatial ordering of protein condensates and circumventing self-association. Such SCLLPS enables favorable polymer properties for manipulating colloidal stability and fluid mechanics pivotal to dysphagia diets. This approach is versatile and is validated by several plant and fungi proteins as well as alternative polysaccharides. Our strategy would deepen the utilization of agricultural proteins to combat geriatric syndromes and food shortages in the future.
An integrated method to evaluate the design of elderly-friendly home nursing beds
Authors: Liu Dong , Li Hui , Shi Yu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This research introduces an integrated evaluation model: TM-SEM-TOPSIS, to address the subjectivity and one-sidedness in indicator derivation, weight calculation, and scheme ranking in the design evaluation process. First, text mining (TM) and interviews were employed to select the evaluation indicators for elderly-friendly home nursing beds. Second, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was adopted to establish a model to gauge user satisfaction, and significant evaluation indicators were extracted using principal component analysis. AMOS was applied to analyze the model’s goodness of fit and how it works, elucidating the coefficients of evaluation indicators. Lastly, our research adopted the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to compute the Euclidean distances and the relative fit of the three nursing beds and make a ranked evaluation. The product evaluation system, design strategies, and comparative method discussed in our research can offer a vital reference for selecting or developing elderly-friendly products.
Structural Repetition Detector: multi-scale quantitative mapping of molecular complexes through microscopy
Authors: Henriques Ricardo , Mendes Afonso , Saraiva Bruno , Jacquemet Guillaume , Mamede João , Leterrier Christophe 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

From molecules to organelles, cells exhibit recurring structural motifs across multiple scales. Understanding these structures provides insights into their functional roles. While super-resolution microscopy can visualise such patterns, manual detection in large datasets is challenging and biased. We present the Structural Repetition Detector (SReD), an unsupervised computational framework that identifies repetitive biological structures by exploiting local texture repetition. SReD formulates structure detection as a similarity-matching problem between local image regions. It detects recurring patterns without prior knowledge or constraints on the imaging modality. We demonstrate SReD's capabilities on various fluorescence microscopy images. Quantitative analyses of three datasets highlight SReD's utility: estimating the periodicity of spectrin rings in neurons, detecting HIV-1 viral assembly, and evaluating microtubule dynamics modulated by EB3. Our open-source ImageJ and Fiji plugin enables unbiased analysis of repetitive structures across imaging modalities in diverse biological contexts.
Characterization and stability of soy protein-calcium lactate emulsion stabilized by sodium tripolyphosphate
Authors: Jiang Zuqiang , Li Yonghong , Ying Ruifeng , Huang Meigui , Liao Qiuhong , Hussain Shahzad , Hayat Khizar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Soy protein-calcium lactate emulsion stabilized by sodium tripoly-phosphate is of great significance for the development of calcium-fortified soymilk products. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and stabilities of soy protein-calcium lactate emulsions stabilized by sodium tripolyphosphate. A soy protein-calcium lactate emulsion stabilized with sodium tripolyphosphate of 0.6%(w/v) served as the best balance between low concentration and high stability. At 0 to 0.6% sodium tripolyphosphate, the emulsion potential, emulsifying activity index, emulsifying stability index, and interfacial protein adsorption rate gradually increased with the increase in sodium tripolyphosphate concentration. When the concentration was 0.6%, the absolute potential reached 35.5 mV, the emulsifying activity index reached 30.9 m2/g, and the emulsifying stability index reached 142.1 min. The interfacial protein adsorption rate was 71.7±0.8%. However the particle size, chromatography index, and flocculation index decreased and were 756.2±41.3 nm, 2.8±0.6% and 16.21%, respectively, at a 0.6% concentration. And when the concentration exceeded 0.6%, the above characterization data gradually stabilized. From the perspective of microstructure, the droplet distribution was uniform, and the centrifugal stability, temperature stability, and storage stability of the emulsion were enhanced. Raman spectra showed that the secondary structure of the protein in the emulsion changed, and the stability of the emulsion increased with the increase of ordered structure. These findings provided insights into the properties of soy protein-calcium lactate emulsions stabilized by sodium tripolyphosphate and might help expand their use in emulsions and soy products.
Study on the persistent and efficient wire electrical discharge machining of SiCp/Al
Authors: Yang Hailin , Liu Zhidong , Wang Xuan , Wu Xiaochuan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The high-speed wire electrical discharge machining (HS-WEDM) of high-volume-fraction SiC particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composites (SiCp/Al) can only occur under low-energy conditions. Wire breakage easily occurs during the cutting of SiCp/Al through the conductive block power supply method under high-energy conditions, and the causes of this problem are analyzed in this study. To address this problem, an open-guide-wheel power supply method is proposed. This method increases the contact area and angle between the wire electrode and the guide wheel, achieving a stable power supply through rolling contact and effectively suppressing the electric corrosion effect. Additionally, the open structure resolves the issue of the power supply device burning out, which occurs with the traditional closed structure. The experimental results show that using the open-guide-wheel power supply method achieves persistent and efficient cutting of 70 mm 55vol% SiCp/Al. The cutting efficiency is 111.65 mm2/min, which is more than three times the long-term cutting efficiency of the conductive block power supply method.
Design of Quasi-Optical Mode Converter for High-Power 170 GHz TE 17,6 Mode Gyrotrons
Authors: Sharif Hamid , Jamil Muhammmad Haris , He Wenlong , Abbas Nazish Saleem 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

A quasi-optical mode converter for a high-performance gyrotron operating in TE17,6 mode at 170 GHz has been developed. This converter features a dimpled-wall launcher and employs a two-stage perturbation method based on coupled mode theory, complemented by a specialized mirror system. MATLAB code was developed to analyze the electromagnetic field in the launcher wall and mirror configuration. The radiation field emitted by the launcher is evaluated in free space, and the mirror system consists of a quasi-elliptical mirror, an elliptical mirror, and a parabolic mirror to ensure effective phase correction. The simulation results show that after phase correction, the scalar Gaussian mode content and vector Gaussian mode content of the output window reach 98.3% and 96.0%, respectively.
Effects of Integrated Selected Yoga Practices on Physical and Mental Health Among Destitute Elderly Widows in Vrindavan: a Pilot Study
Authors: Varshney Jyoti , Penna Madhusudan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Vrindavan has gained a reputation for harbouring many homeless elderly widows who confront tremendous physical, emotional, and financial hardships. These difficulties emphasize larger issues, such as poverty, social isolation, and poor healthcare for India's elderly. Yoga has recently gained recognition for its capacity to improve the health and well-being of these widows.
Purpose
This study aimed to test the effects of 4 weeks Integrated Selected Yoga Practices in improving Body pain, and decreasing Fatigue, Hypertension, Heart Rate, Stress, Anxiety and Depression in destitute elderly widows.
Methods
A quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test with a control group design was used. A convenience sample of 20 destitute elderly widows was divided into an Intervention Group (IG) (n = 10) and a control group (CG) (n = 10). The outcome measured of NRS, FAS, BP & HR by Digital Monitor, GAS, GDS and PSS were examined at baseline and the 4th week of the study.
Results
The Intervention Group (IG) showed a significant reduction in Body pain, Fatigue, Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Anxiety, Depression and stress after 4 weeks compared to baseline.
Conclusion
It is recommended that Integrated Selected Yoga Practices be incorporated as a daily activity program in shelter homes or other long-term care facilities to improve Body pain and decrease Stress in destitute elderly widows.
The Effect of Sleep Duration on Obesity and Academic achievement of Medical Students
Authors: ALzaim Anas , Mohamad Malek , Hammoud Taghrid 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective: To study the effect of the number of hours of sleep on body mass index and academic achievement among students of the Faculty of Human Medicine in two private Syrian universities.
Methods and materials: The current cross-sectional study was conducted during the period from 1/8/2024 to 1/10/2024 on 346 participants, 191 males and 155 females. The participants were students in the Faculty of Medicine from the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth academic years.
Results: The average body mass index of students was 23.22 ± 4.03 kg/m2, the percentage of overweight, normal weight, and underweight (26.9%, 63.3%, and 9.8% respectively), the average number of sleeping hours of students was 7.82 ± 1.97 hours, the percentage of those with a very good, good, and acceptable university grade (33.2%, 65.9%, and 0.9% respectively), there was no statistically significant difference in the average number of sleeping hours according to the body mass index and according to the university grade.
Conclusion: It is important to conduct more of these studies in order to spread awareness about the importance of not excessive sleep hours among students.
Research on a cloud model intelligent computing platform for water resource management
Authors: Wang Tao , Duan Jingjing , Zhai Jiaqi , Zhao Jing , Gao Yulong , Gao Feng , Zhang Longlong , Zhao Yifei 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

As the demand for water management information systems continues to increase, addressing issues such as poor generalizability, low reusability, and difficulties in updating and maintaining water resource planning cloud model service platforms becomes crucial. To achieve goals like business-oriented functionality, high availability, and reliability, this study proposes constructing a cloud model service platform for basin water resource planning based on cloud computing technology and business workflows. This study couples water cycle models with multi-objective optimization models for water resource allocation, using digital topological water networks to achieve dynamic regional water resource allocation. The cloud service platform adopts a business-oriented modeling method based on B/S development architecture. This paper takes the Weihe River Basin as an example to simulate and analyze the evolution of the water cycle pattern and optimize the annual water resources allocation plan. Results show that: (1) the water cycle model of the cloud model service platform can better describe the runoff change process in the verification period; (2) through the cloud platform service model, the water shortage rate of the Weihe River Basin in 2025 is 7.95%. The research findings provide technical references for intelligent water management and refined allocation of water resources in the Weihe River Basin.
Spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of evapotranspiration in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau from 2003 to 2020
Authors: Chen Sheng-Jin , Tang Bo-Hui , Ma Xianguang , He Zhi-Wei , Fu Wei , Chen Junyi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Evapotranspiration (ET) is vital for the Earth's energy and water balance, particularly influenced by global climate change. The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau (YGP), characterized by abundant water resources and intricate terrain, has been a subject of study. However, previous research often overlooked intra-annual climate variations in ET. This study employed high-spatiotemporal-resolution ET data from 2003 to 2020 to quantitatively analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of ET on the YGP. The annual ET showed an increasing trend of 0.18 mm/year, with monthly ET increases in January, March, November, and December, mainly influenced by vegetation transpiration, which accounts for 56% of ET. Breakpoints in ET trends and seasonal components occurred in January 2007 and June 2018. The geodetector model assessed the impact of 15 driving factors on ET, with net radiation and vegetation index playing dominant roles with q-values of 0.29 and 0.24. Factor impacts varied seasonally, with greater influence in the dry season (q-value of 0.53 for net radiation in January) and less in the rainy season (q-value of 0.08 in August). Pearson correlation analysis indicated that different driving factors influenced ET in different months. These findings enhance understanding of plateau ET responses to climate-change mechanisms.
Climate change impacts on maternal health and pregnancy outcomes in Africa
Authors: Dumbuya Salifu , Chabinga Rhodah , Ferede Manaye Asefa , Saber Mohamed 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

The review examines how climate change adversely affects maternal health and pregnancy outcomes in Africa, a region particularly vulnerable to climate-related disasters. It highlights the increased incidence of tropical and waterborne illnesses due to climate change, disproportionately impacting expectant mothers. The study thoroughly evaluates the effects of extreme weather events like heatwaves and floods on maternal health, both directly and indirectly. It underscores significant gaps in policy and research within African health sectors regarding these issues. Key findings reveal that maternal death rates remain alarmingly high, with risks like preterm birth, stillbirth, and maternal hypertension exacerbated by climate change. The review calls for urgent action, including enhanced research, increased funding for climate adaptation, and the integration of maternal health into broader climate resilience strategies. Additionally, it emphasizes the need for greater awareness and international collaboration to strengthen health systems in Africa, particularly addressing the vulnerabilities of pregnant women. This work aims to enhance understanding among policymakers and researchers about the critical health impacts of climate change on pregnant women in Africa.
Modelo de tomada de decisão suportado pela integração de valores e fluxos informacionais
Authors: Silva Rafael Felix da , Razzolini Filho Edelvino 
Published: October 2024

Este artigo objetivou modelar o processo de tomada de decisões não programadas, em nível estratégico, de organizações sustentáveis, evidenciando a integração entre valores e fluxos de informação no suporte ao processo decisório. Para tanto, empreendeu-se uma pesquisa descritiva, que recorreu à aplicação de questionários semiestruturados a tomadores de decisão de empresas listadas no Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial da Brasil Bolsa Balcão, no ano de 2023. Os resultados da pesquisa destacam a integração entre valores e fluxos informacionais, enfatizando a relevância desta integração no suporte à tomada de decisão em organizações sustentáveis. A partir destes resultados se delineou um modelo decisório em sustentabilidade, que além de contemplar critérios ou dimensões considerados relevantes para questões da sustentabilidade empresarial, também enfocou os fluxos de informações que apoiam o processo decisório, por meio dos valores que influenciam seu modo de ocorrência, permitindo a identificação de etapas decisórias, e o mapeamento de procedimentos realizados ao longo da tomada de decisão. Acredita-se que o modelo proposto pode contribuir para decisões mais convergentes entre objetivos e consequências, atenuando as dificuldades de agregação das dimensões de sustentabilidade às estratégias de negócio das organizações.