bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extended Survival of Patients on Long-Term Lithium Treatment
Authors: Ahrens Bernd , Grof Paul , Möller Henri-J. , Müller-Oerlinghausen Bruno, , Wolf Thomas 
Published: April 2017

Objective Findings from a recent international multi-centre trial are compatible with the idea that long-term lithium treatment extends the survival of patients suffering from affective disorders to match the general population. A similar reduction of mortality was found in Canadian patients, although important questions remained to be answered about cardiovascular and suicide mortality, and patient selection. Method Based on data collected in a study (I) from lithium clinics in Canada, Denmark, Germany and Austria, an analysis was carried out of suicide and cardiovascular mortality in patients who received prophylactic lithium treatment. Results In patients given lithium for two years or longer (n = 641), both suicide and cardiovascular mortality were the same as, or only slightly higher than, in the general population; in patients given lithium for less than two years (n = 186), both mortalities remained high. The reduced mortality is not likely to be the result of selection because the patients who were treated briefly and those treated for a longer time did not differ in important mortality variables. Conclusions In addition to its ability to prevent recurrences, prophylactic lithium treatment appears capable of reducing both the excess suicide risk and excess cardiovascular mortality of affective illness.
Current Research Findings on Childhood Autism
Authors: Sigman Marian , Arbelle Shoshana , Dissanayake Cheryl 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveTo review the main areas of current research findings regarding the core deficits in autism and the implications of these findings for the practicing clinician.MethodBehavioural, cognitive, emotional and neurophysiological aspects are covered with an emphasis on the importance of methodology.ResultsThe implication of these findings for the treatment of autism is discussed.ConclusionAutism can teach us how we learn about emotions and the possibility of sensitive periods of development.
Management of Suspected Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Authors: Velamoor Vr , Swamy Gn , Parmar Late-Rs , Williamson P , Caroff Sn 
Published: April 2017

Objective Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) is a rare but potentially lethal form of drug-induced hyperthermia. The objective of this paper is to provide data regarding early and suspected cases as well as offer guidelines for managing this condition. Knowledge of suspected cases will lead to early recognition and prompt management of this condition in the future. Method To address the gap in knowledge, we present 2 case reports of patients with early NMS-like symptoms. The case reports are followed by a brief review of the literature on differential diagnoses, risk factors, early signs and treatment data. Conclusions The most rational approach to treating NMS entails a hierarchy of interventions determined by the severity and progression of symptoms.
Cigarette Smoking during Pregnancy
Authors: Stewart Donna E , Streiner David L 
Published: April 2017

Objectives To determine: 1. the prevalence of regular smoking in the latter half of pregnancy in a sample of Canadian prenatal patients; 2. the psycho-social and demographic characteristics that differentiate smoking from nonsmoking patients; 3. the characteristics that differentiate prenatal patients who smoke more than 10 cigarettes per day from those who smoke 1 to 10 cigarettes per day; and 4. the psychiatric morbidities or psychological attitudes associated with smoking in pregnancy. Methods Consecutive consenting women 20 or more weeks pregnant were given, at a prenatal clinic, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), the Fetal Health Locus of Control (FHLC), and a study questionnaire to complete. Results Five-hundred and forty-five women completed the questionnaires. Eighty-nine (16.3%) women reported regular daily cigarette smoking in the second half of pregnancy, while 43 (7.9%) smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day. Women who smoked were more likely than nonsmokers to be under 21, born in Canada, have only elementary education, be unemployed and unmarried, eat unhealthy diets, drink alcohol, use nonprescription and illicit drugs, have unplanned pregnancies, histories of emotional and physical problems, and have suffered physical abuse before and during pregnancy. Smokers were more likely than nonsmokers to meet case status on the GHQ and on the FHLC to believe “chance” and less likely to believe that “internal control” or “powerful others” affected the health of their fetuses. “Social disorganization”, “health risks”, and “poor health” factors accounted for 83.1% of the total variance. Conclusions Women who smoke in pregnancy have a higher rate than nonsmokers of other health risk behaviours, social disadvantage, and emotional disturbance. Psychiatrists can play an important role in identifying and treating emotional and psychiatric morbidity in women of reproductive age to facilitate a reduction in smoking rates in this high-risk population.
An Overview of Treatment in Paranoia / Delusional Disorder
Authors: Munro Alistair , Mok Hiram 
Published: April 2017

Objective To examine delusional disorder (formerly paranoia) which has re-emerged as an important diagnosis in psychiatry and familiarize present-generation psychiatrists with this disorder and its treatment. To benefit other researchers, a bibliography is appended. Method Approximately 1,000 articles on paranoia/delusional disorder were analyzed in detail. These articles date from 1961 with the greater majority dating from 1980 onward. Case descriptions were often vague and only cases identifiable by DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were accepted. Eventually 257 cases were accumulated, but it was only possible to report on treatment aspects of 209 of these, due to lack of detail. Results Because the data are so disparate, and the literature is confusing in therapeutics aspects, only the broadest conclusions can be drawn. However, it does appear that when adequately treated, delusional disorder is an illness with a reasonably good prognosis. Cases respond equally well to treatment, whatever the specific delusional content, and pimozide currently appears to be the neuroleptic which produces the best results. Conclusions There is an urgent need to raise standards in the study of delusional disorder and its treatment.
Suggestions for Implementing Community Psychiatry Training in Existing Residency Programs
Authors: Johnston Mary , Binder Tammy , Freeland Alison , Gillis Katherine 
Published: April 2017

Objective To demonstrate how an experience of partnership evolved when a group of psychiatry residents moved beyond the traditional hospital setting and began to question their current training. Method We describe our experience in the context of the current literature and suggest ways of implementing community psychiatry training in existing residency programs. Results Principles of community psychiatry — partnership, respect and shared responsibility — are good standards in psychiatric care. Conclusions Community psychiatry training may be possible in existing resident rotations, although teaching in the community setting may also be of value. Research and clinical work in “community psychiatry” need to be valued. Problems may be enriching if they are resolved collaboratively.
Economics of Schizophrenia
Authors: Williams Richard , Dickson Ruth A 
Published: April 2017

Objective: To discuss the costs associated with mental illnesses that constitute a significant percentage of the total direct health care costs, currently estimated at $1605 per person per year (9% of the gross national product). The cost of all mental illness in the US has been estimated at US$103.7 billion (1985 dollars), of which schizophrenia alone accounts for US$22.7 billion. Method: A number of studies that have attempted to evaluate the cost of therapies in schizophrenia are examined. Results: While schizophrenia affects only 1% of the population, it accounts for 2.5% of total health care expenditures in the US. For first-admission patients suffering from schizophrenia, it would appear to cost less to provide the most clinically-effective treatments than to provide a good level of milieu care with special treatment. Conclusion: Community-based care can be less costly than conventional hospital-based programs and can improve patient quality of life. Inhospital programs that reduce length of stay with the use of medication clinics or day hospital care may achieve significant cost savings. A special challenge is the subgroup of patients suffering from schizophrenia that is neuroleptic-resistant. New drugs, such as the atypical neuroleptics, clozapine and risperidone, may prove to be highly cost-effective in treating schizophrenia by preventing relapse and reducing hospital lengths of stay.
Clinical and Financial Outcomes Evaluation of Multimodal Pharmacist Warfarin Management of a Statewide Urban and Rural Population
Authors: Lee James C. , Horner Kathleen E. , Krummel Michelle L. , McDanel Deanna L. 
Published: April 2017

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and indirect financial outcomes of pharmacist face-to-face warfarin management with telephone-based distance management utilizing local laboratories or patient self-testing (PST). Methods: A retrospective analysis of a clinic population of 336 patients on established warfarin therapy distributed statewide in rural and urban settings over a 6-month period was conducted. Participants were stratified into face-to-face management, telephone-based management utilizing local laboratory testing, and telephone-based management utilizing PST. Results: The primary outcome of international normalized ratio (INR) time in therapeutic range (TTR) for face-to-face management was significantly greater than distance management utilizing local laboratory testing (69.0% vs 60.5%, P = .0032). No difference was observed between face-to-face management and PST (69.0% vs 68.0%, P = .25). No significant difference in bleeding or thromboses was observed. Although increased clinician time was utilized during face-to-face encounters compared to telephone encounters (8.7-minute face-to-face, 5.5-minute local laboratory, and 5.4-minute PST), face-to-face encounters tended to be billable at lower levels, whereas telephone-based encounters were billable at higher levels. Conclusion: A multimodal approach to pharmacist warfarin management of a patient population distributed statewide in rural and urban locations is effective despite TTR differences associated with INR testing used in distance management. PST may improve warfarin treatment outcomes and adherence in distance management, particularly when the use of alternative oral anticoagulants is inappropriate. Although time and billing differences between face-to-face and distance management exist, clinical and safety outcomes remain acceptable despite encounter complexity and support reimbursement of pharmacist anticoagulation management in all settings.
Brain atrophy 15 years after CIS: Baseline and follow-up clinico-radiological correlations
Authors: Vidal-Jordana Angela , Sastre-Garriga Jaume , Pareto Deborah , Tur Carmen , Arrambide Georgina , Otero-Romero Susana , Huerga Elena , Mitjana Raquel , Auger Cristina , Tintoré Mar , Rovira Alex , Montalban Xavier 
Published: April 2017

Background: Brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is present since the very early stages of the disease and it has been related to long-term disability. Objective: To estimate brain volume (BV) at 15 years after a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and to evaluate its relationship with disease outcomes. Methods: From a prospective cohort including patients presenting with a CIS, 54 patients with a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed 15 years after CIS were included. Brain parenchymal fraction (BPF), grey matter fraction (GMF) and white matter fraction (WMF) at 15-year follow-up were obtained. Regression analyses were conducted to predict BV loss and reaching an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) of 3.0 in that 15-year period. Results: In multivariable analyses, lower values of BPF and WMF were significantly associated with being male, presenting 3–4 Barkhof criteria at baseline, presenting a second relapse, and with a decision to start treatment. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, only lower GMF was associated with a greater risk of reaching EDSS 3.0 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.24, p = 0.028). Conclusion: Lower BPF and WMF 15 years after CIS are associated with previous markers of inflammatory disease. Lower GMF 15 years after a CIS is associated with an increased risk of reaching an EDSS of 3.0.
Manual aspiration thrombectomy with a Penumbra catheter for acute anterior cerebral artery occlusion
Authors: Chung Gyung Ho , Kwak Hyo Sung , Park Jung Soo , Lee Jong Myong 
Published: April 2017

Purpose The purpose of this article is to assess the efficacy and safety of manual aspiration thrombectomy (MAT) using a Penumbra catheter in patients with anterior cerebral artery (ACA) occlusions. Materials and methods From January 2012 to March 2016, 16 patients underwent MAT with Penumbra catheters using a proximal and distal supporting technique to treat ACA occlusions. We evaluated immediate angiographic results and clinical outcomes by reviewing patient electrical medical records. Results Of these patients, 11 had a complete obstruction of the distal internal carotid artery (ICA) and five had ACA and middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusions. All patients achieved successful recanalization of the distal ICA or MCA (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (TICI) grade ≥2b). Overall the recanalization rate for ACA occlusions (TICI grade≥2b) was 93.7% (15/16). The median procedure time was 45 minutes (range: 35–65 minutes). No patients were observed to have a procedure-related subarachnoid hemorrhage. Four patients (25.0%) died during hospitalization because of massive symptomatic hemorrhage, brain edema, or herniation. At discharge, the median NIHSS score for surviving patients was 6 (range: 1–17). Five patients had favorable clinical outcomes (modified Rankin scale ≤2). Conclusion MAT appears to be safe and successfully achieves recanalization in patients with ACA occlusions.
Oral cancer in South East Asia
Authors: Cheong Sok Ching , Vatanasapt Patravoot , Yi-Hsin Yang , Zain Rosnah B , Kerr Alexander Ross , Johnson Newell W 
Published: April 2017

Objectives: To document the burden of oral cancer in South East Asia (SEA) and to examine the gaps in acquiring accurate data within these countries. Methods: Epidemiological data on oral cancer from countries in SEA were obtained and reviewed from public population-based databases. Descriptions on the incidence and mortality of oral cancer were based on data obtained from GLOBOCAN 2012, and prediction of the number of cases and deaths due to oral cancer were also taken from the same database. The availability of and accessibility to population-based cancer registry were also documented. Results: Five of the eleven countries in SEA have national cancer registries, but the reporting periods varied from 2002 to 2014 across these countries. Whilst incidence and mortality data were obtainable for all SEA countries from GLOBOCAN 2012, data quality varied substantially across the countries. Estimated incidences of oral cancer ranged from 1.6 to 8.6/100,000 per annum with similar rates in males and females for most countries. The incidence was the highest in Myanmar and Brunei for males and females, respectively. Mortality due to oral cancer was reported to be 0.4 to 5.3/100,000, with the highest mortality in Myanmar and Timor-Leste among males and females, respectively. Based on the predicted number of cases and deaths for 2020, oral cancer incidence and mortality is expected to increase and the trends are similar between males and females, which is not surprising as with population growth, the disease burden will rise further. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a severe lack of accurate epidemiological data on oral cancer and underscores the urgent need to develop expertise within this region that can address this issue. While there is a clear need for improved primary prevention, for increased skilled workforce and for improved diagnostic and treatment facilities, an essential first step is to establish robust cancer registries so that progress or lack thereof can be monitored accurately, and appropriate action planned.
Concussion Management Plan Compliance: A Study of NCAA Power 5 Conference Schools
Authors: Buckley Thomas A. , Baugh Christine M. , Meehan William P. , DiFabio Melissa S. 
Published: April 2017

Background: In response to concerns over concussions and repeated head impacts that occur during sports, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) mandated that all member institutions enact a concussion management plan (CMP). Although institutional and health care provider self-reports have been investigated, compliance with NCAA protocol recommendations has not been examined. Purpose: To examine the CMPs from the 65 institutions within the NCAA Power 5 conferences for compliance with the NCAA 2015 concussion guidelines. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Each institution’s publicly available CMP was obtained in 2015, reviewed, and coded for compliance with each of the required 47 components. Overall compliance rate, item-level, category-level, and institution-level compliance was assessed. Independent predictors of compliance, including each institution’s athletic training staff size, academic performance, and athletic performance, were examined with quasi-binomial regression. Results: CMPs varied substantially in length and level of detail. The overall compliance rate for all components across all institutions was 94.3% (2880/3055). Twelve components achieved 100% (65/65) compliance, and the lowest levels of compliance were clustered in “return to learn.” There were 22 institutions that achieved a 100% compliance rate; the lowest institutional compliance was 59.6%. There were no significant associations between the independent predictors and institutional compliance. Conclusion: Overall compliance with NCAA concussion management requirements was high, but there remains room for improvement. The lowest level of compliance was clustered in the return-to-learn section. There were limited details provided in the reducing head trauma component. Items with lower compliance (reducing head trauma, return to learn) tended to be outside the core competencies of the medical staff, indicating an area for improvement. Encouragingly, many institutions and specific components demonstrated full compliance.
Management of suspected monogenic lung fibrosis in a specialised centre
Authors: Borie Raphael , Kannengiesser Caroline , Sicre de Fontbrune Flore , Gouya Laurent , Nathan Nadia , Crestani Bruno 
Published: April 2017

At least 10% of patients with interstitial lung disease present monogenic lung fibrosis suspected on familial aggregation of pulmonary fibrosis, specific syndromes or early age of diagnosis. Approximately 25% of families have an identified mutation in genes mostly involved in telomere homeostasis, and more rarely in surfactant homeostasis.Beyond pathophysiological knowledge, detection of these mutations has practical consequence for patients. For instance, mutations involved in telomere homeostasis are associated with haematological complications after lung transplantation and may require adapted immunosuppression. Moreover, relatives may benefit from a clinical and genetic evaluation that should be specifically managed.The field of genetics of pulmonary fibrosis has made great progress in the last 10 years, raising specific problems that should be addressed by a specialised team.
GIS-based visualization of integrated highway maintenance and construction planning: a case study of Fort Worth, Texas
Authors: France-Mensah Jojo , O’Brien William J. , Khwaja Nabeel , Bussell Loyl C. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Background
This paper reports on a case study of the use of visualization of geospatial data that is distributed across data sets and requires integration over time and space to aid decision makers. Like many State Highway Agencies (SHAs) in the United States, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) is organized along the traditional functional lines of planning, design, construction, maintenance, and operations. It has historically relied on experience and longevity of its staff to efficiently and effectively plan its construction and maintenance projects. Although functional boundaries of maintenance and construction are fairly clearly defined, there tends to be some overlap in projects that can be executed by either of the functional groups. The department currently does not have a robust integrated information system for identifying potential planning conflicts between its construction and maintenance projects. This has led to suboptimal use of resources, including overlapping plans for maintenance and mobility enhancement projects.

Case description
With over 650 highway projects assigned across two functional groups within the district’s (TxDOT Fort Worth district) boundary, it is a challenging task to assemble a coherent plan for managing these projects over a multi-year planning period that is subject to external stakeholder input as well as shifting funding constraints. Temporal and spatial data needed for integrated planning resides in specialized information systems developed for the needs of individual functional groups. To address this challenge, this district decided to integrate and visualize data from individual information systems in a Geographic Information System (GIS). A GIS-based tool was developed to integrate, visualize, and analyze projects data from multiple information systems.

Discussion and evaluation
This paper documents the benefits associated with visualization and integration of projects data in a GIS to address planning challenges facing a typical highway agency. Among the lessons learned are the potential uses of GIS, which include detecting spatially and temporally overlapping projects, supporting integrated planning, and improving communication among functional groups within a state highway agency.

Conclusion
The study demonstrates that such spatial-temporal representations of project data can lead to early identification of potential overlaps during the planning phase. In a broader context, such geospatial visualization efforts can also form the basis for eliciting practitioners’ perspectives and knowledge input in the development of spatial decision support systems.
Antena Bikonikal Tabung untuk Aplikasi Radar Electronic Support Measures Dengan Pola Radiasi Omni-directional pada Frekuensi 2-18 GHz
Authors: Saputera Yussi Perdana , Oktaviani Folin , Wahyu Yuyu 
Published: April 2017

Pada tulisan ini, dibahas hasil penelitian mengenai perancangan antena bikonikal tabung yang memiliki pola radiasi omni-directional yang akan digunakan pada radar Elektronic Support Measures (ESM). Antena bikonikal memiliki karakteristik bandwidth yang sangat lebar (ultra wide band) cocok digunakan pada aplikasi ESM dengan frekuensi 2–18 GHz. Bentuk pola radiasi omni-directional yang dirancang bertujuan agar pada saat ESM melakukan deteksi frekuensi radar (S-, C-, X-, dan Ku-band) dari pancaran radar yang berada di sekitarnya dapat melakukan deteksi ke segala arah. Karena kegunaan ESM sebagai detektor radar dengan sifat sebagai penerima (receiver) dibutuhkan VSWR di bawah 2,5 dengan nilai return loss di bawah -7,436. Antena bikonikal yang dirancang menggunakan dua plat tembaga yang dibentuk kerucut dengan penambahan tabung dengan pemasangan yang saling berhadapan, yang dipasang pada inner connector dan ground. Antena bikonikal dipasang mengunakan balun ¼ λ, agar matching impedansi antara antena dengan konektor 50 Ω. Plat tembaga yang digunakan dengan tebal 0,8 mm.