bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and research on the first polish FRP composite road bridge
Authors: Siwowski Tomasz , Kaleta Damian , Rajchel Mateusz 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The main goal of the research project was to develop and demonstrate the first Polish FRP composite road bridge, starting from concept design and material research, and going thru manufacturing technique selection, detailed FEM analysis and structural testing of elements. The R&D project comprises also the proof test of the completed bridge as well as structural monitoring in exploitation period. The objective of the paper is the description of the bridge and its structural solutions, i.e. FRP box girders and lightweight concrete deck slab acting compositely. Further the FEM analysis of the girder and the bridge span made on design stage has been presented. The VARTM manufacturing technique was used for girders production. Its main steps have been also presented. Finally the research on the new FRP box girder with LRC slab (hybrid girder) has been briefly showed. The full scale prototype girder with the total length of 22 m was tested to evaluate its carrying capacity, modes of failure, basic dynamic parameters as well as overall behaviour under ultimate static load. The FRP girder met the prescribed serviceability and safety criteria. The FEM model of the girder was validated against testing results and was further used for bridge design. Thanks to R&D project the first Polish FRP bridge is likely to be built late autumn 2015. The output of the research project gives a very promising future for the FRP composite bridge application. The research works showed in the paper have been partially financed by the Polish National Centre for Research and Development in the frame of the research project “ComBridge” (www.com-bridge.pl).
A novel immunopathological association of IgG4-RD and vasculitis with Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Authors: Minamino Hiroto , Inaba Hidefumi , Ariyasu Hiroyuki , Furuta Hiroto , Nishi Masahiro , Yoshimasu Takashi , Nishikawa Akinori , Nakanishi Masanori , Tsuchihashi Shigeki , Kojima Fumiyoshi , Murata Shin-ichi , Inoue Gen , Akamizu Takashi 
Published: March 2016

Summary
A 73-year-old man with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) suffered from purpura on the lower legs. He was diagnosed with IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) with serum IgG4 elevation and dacryo-sialadenitis confirmed histologically. Serum Th2 and Treg cytokines, interleukin 7 (IL7), IL8 and Th2 chemokine levels were elevated, while skewed Th1 balance was seen in fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Therefore, preferential Th1 balance in HT appeared to be followed by IgG4-RD characterized with Th2 and Treg polarization. The commencement of steroid therapy dramatically exacerbated clinical manifestations including IgG4-RD-associated HT. The measurement of cytokine and chemokine levels as well as FACS analysis in the development of IgG4-RD seemed to be beneficial. In conclusion, an innovative association of HT, IgG4-RD and vasculitis was observed. This report also offers novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for IgG4-RD.

Learning points

Recently, a subtype of HT has been considered to be a thyroid manifestation of IgG4-RD, although the etiology of IgG4-RD is not established yet.

Immunologically a close association between HT and vasculitis was reported.

Leukocytoclastic vasculitis is a rare skin presentation of IgG4-RD.

In the current case, during the course of HT, IgG4-RD and leukocytoclastic vasculitis occurred; thus, innate immunity and acquired immunity seem to be involved in the development of IgG4-RD.

The measurement of cytokine and chemokines appeared to be beneficial in the development of IgG4-RD.

Remarkably, effectiveness of steroid therapy for HT suggested presence of IgG4-RD-associated HT. Therefore, this report highlights the pathogenesis of IgG4-RD and proposes novel therapeutic mechanisms. Clinicians should pay attention to the development of IgG4-RD and vasculitis during long course of HT.
Poland Twenty Years With Market Economy
Authors: Jacobsen Gorm 
Published: March 2016

This article presents the main factors behind the developement of the Polish economy since the introduction of a market economy twenty years ago. First there is a decription of how the privatisation process actually took place. Then is followed by some information about the development of a financial market, i.e. the banking sector. At the end there is a summary of some of the main factors behind the huge inflow of foreign investments to Poland during this period.
Improving Entrepreneurship In Nigerias Emerging Economy
Authors: Onifade Adewale 
Published: March 2016

Employment is a cure for unemployment and its attendant vices like armed robbery, corruption, forgery, internet fraud, and drug trafficking. An “idle mind is the devil’s workshop”, so says a popular adage. There is increasing unemployment due to too much emphasis on liberal education devoid of vocational and entrepreneurship education and increasing population. Although Nigerian governments try to promote entrepreneurship by making policies regarding funding of businesses, providing enabling infrastructure, implementation of the policies is nothing to write home about because corruption has led to the abandonment of contracts on electricity supply and means of transportation. If the government is to achieve its dream of making Nigeria one of the 20 greatest economies of the world, it should improve electricity, road and railway transportation systems, security, and reduce the cost of communication and entrepreneurship development which is newly introduced at all levels of its educational system.
A Field Research on Organizational Learning, Crisis Management Capability and Firm Performance
Authors: Yavuz Mahmut , Zehir Cemal 
Published: March 2016

Turkey has experienced a series of crises in 1994, 1999 and 2001, which induced remarkable damage in Turkish economy. Thus crisis management has been the main topic in Turkish agenda so many years. Besides crisis management, organizational learning also has been focused as an affective crisis management mean. Crisis preparedness process which is a part of crisis management is vital for any organization’s existence because the emergence of crises is inevitable. Therefore the crisis preparedness has been a topic of increasing importance for organizations seeking an effective way to fight against potential crises. In this context, this research aim to investigate the relationship among the crisis preparedness capability, organizational learning capability and organizational performance. This survey is conducted on 400 managers of 114 firms operating in the Marmara region. SPSS 15.0 statistics package program was used to analyze the data obtained from 400 questionnaires. Factor analysis, and reliability analysis have been executed to reveal the reliability of scale, and correlation and regression analyses have been executed to reveal the relationship among the crisis preparedness capability, organizational learning capability, and organizational performance.
Variations in Strategy Perception among Business and Military Managers
Authors: Ozleblebici Zafer , Pinto Castro , Antonio Nelson 
Published: March 2016

The paper aims to identify the similarities and differences in the emphases and patterns that military and civilian managers attribute to strategy. Two different analysis methods were employed in order to achieve abovementioned research objective. In the first method, the aim was to reveal and compare strategy understanding of the sample groups. Towards that end, ten different strategy definitions and nine different necessity statements compiled from various definitions/statements in the existing strategic management literature were provided to the samples. Then, the samples were requested to consider how strategy and necessity of strategy is formed in their minds, and then to choose top three definitions out of 9/10, and finally rank them in preference order, from one to three. Lastly, we counted the ranks/perceived importance of the various strategy definitions and necessity statements that which statement is ranked to which place. Using mean rank assessment by nonparametric comparison method the study shows differences between military and civilian managers in following aspect: the comparison of the emphases that are attributed to approach to strategy identified significant differences among business and military managers. Concisely, the paper reveals the varying perceptions of business and military managers on strategy based on their personal perceptions.
Book review of The Crisis of the European Union. Identity, Citizenship, and Solidarity Reassessed edited by Loredana Radu, Alina Bârgãoanu and Nicoleta Corbu. Bucharest: Comunicare.ro, 2013, 311 pages
Authors: Robescu Bianca 
Published: March 2016

<em>The Crisis of the European Union. Identity, Citizenship, and Solidarity Reassessed</em> explores very popular and very sensitive subjects such as the solidarity of member states, the dichotomy between the “centre” and the “periphery” of the EU, the European identity, and possible solutions to the crisis. The authors of the 11 chapters have joined forces to depict a complete picture of the aspects related to the European crisis.<em> </em>
Cost Reduction of Production Operations by Statistical Process Control
Authors: Burgen J. G. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
It is predicted that a significant reduction in the cost of oil field operations can be achieved by the practice of Statistical Process Control. SPC brings a practical field methodology to all production operations. Industries that have adopted SPC have found it helps develop a more detailed understanding of each production step, and this permits tighter process control which in turn results in improved efficiency and lower cost for each unit produced. Examples of SPC potential to oil production operations are presented for EOR reservoir balance and for individual well optimization of the Inflow Performance Relationship.
Improved Magnetic Surveying Techniques: Field Experience
Authors: Zijsling D. H. , Wilson R. A. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
A magnetic survey correction method (MSCM) has been developed and used to process MWD surveys. The local magnetic field strength and dip angle required for the method were obtained from a commercially available computer model of the Earth's magnetic field. The method corrects for both radial and axial magnetic drillstring interference and has led to improved quality control for magnetic surveys. The only nonmagnetic tubular incorporated in the drillstring is the MWD's own nonmagnetic housing. Comparison of the MWD results with north-seeking gyro surveys confirmed that the theoretically predicted accuracy of the MWD surveys processed with the correction method is generally better than conventional surveys taken in a full length of nonmagnetic drillcollars. No additional rig time was incurred and operational benefits include reduced rental, inspection and risk of lost-in-hole costs.
Magnetic survey accuracy can be enhanced by using locally measured geomagnetic parameters for the correction method. Field examples of enhanced magnetic surveying with electronic magnetic multishot tools are given. The achievable accuracy of magnetic surveying onshore in the Netherlands is comparable to the accuracy of current north-seeking gyro tools and a reduction in the number of gyro surveys is therefore planned.
Removing Oil from Drill Cuttings - An Offshore Solution
Authors: Shaw G. A. M , Slater B 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
Drill cuttings contaminated with oil-based mud (OBM) are treated to remove excess oil prior to discharge into the environment. Recent European legislation has set the limits of permitted oil associated with discharged rock cuttings to 15%w/w in the UK sector and to 10%w/w in Norway and Holland, with a view to substantially reducing this limit further in the near future. Given the geological conditions encountered in the North Sea, the use of OBM's is virtually essential if drilling is to be cost effective. A reduction in discharge limits to significantly below 10%w/w cannot be met economically by existing cuttings cleaning technology and would mean cuttings being returned to land for disposal. The associated costs in doing this will greatly restrict operators' flexibility in exploiting future reserves.
A cuttings cleaning fluid has been developed and tested which can reduce the level of oil on cuttings from &gt;20%w/w to 2-5%w/w (patent pending). The cleaner neither dissolves nor emulsifies the removed oil. Once the contaminating oil has been displaced from the surface of the rock, cutting, the cleaner and the recovered oil separate under centrifugal force into two distinct phases. This allows recycling of the oil back, to the active mud pit and recovery of the cleaner for re-use.
The cleaner has been tested extensively in the laboratory under pressure filtration and centrifuge conditions. Further it has been successful in deoiling small, relatively highly contaminated drill cuttings in a laboratory scale decanting centrifuge system. Full scale tests are underway.
5 Year Operating Experience with Subsea Safety Installations in a Gas Transmission Line
Authors: Thygesen J. E. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The Danish market for natural gas is supplied through a single 30″ and 220 km long offshore pipeline, starting at the TYRA East platform complex and ending at the gas treatment plant on the west coast of Denmark.
The line was designed in 1980/81, installed in 1982/ 83 and commissioned in 1984. The system has a subsea safety installation 1500m downstream from the platform. This paper describes the philosophy behind the design, the construction and the 5 year operational experience with this safety installation.
Study of Well Deliverability in Water Drive Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Folefac A. N. , Issa R. I. , Wall C. G. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The paper presents an analysis to account for the coupling between the flow of gas in a water drive reservoir and the flow in the wellbore. The study considers two cases. The first is one in which the underlying water encroaches into the wellbore but does not flow; the second is when both gas and water are produced. The analysis yields the critical gas flow rate necessary for equilibrium in the first case, and predicts the water cut in the second. Agreement with field data is reasonable.
Shell Expro's Northern Operations Structural Integrity Project
Authors: Inglis R. B. , Mathieson R. J. B. , Snedden N. W. , Staton V. A. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In September 1985, Shell Expro, operating on behalf of the Shell/Esso joint venture in the North Sea, initiated the Structural Integrity Project (SIP) to develop a modern, comprehensive, in-house structural analysis facility comprising detailed finite element models of some 15 installations and a database of analysis results. The SIP was established to enable high quality technical assessments to be made in a short period of time and to provide engineering support in the areas of safety, re-certification, emergency response, inspection and maintenance and to assess changes in operational requirements, such as increases in topside weight. Recent work with the completed models of all the steel, concrete and floating/compliant structures indicates that the structural analysis database will be a valuable and cost effective resource for Shell Expro's business needs for the next 10 to 15 years.
In-Situ Machining and Repair of Cameron FC Style Xmas Trees
Authors: Bryne D. , Terry P 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
During 1988 Shell Expro (‘Shell UK Exploration and Production Ltd’, operators in the UK North Sea on behalf of Shell and Esso) identified an increase in failed leak off tests in Cameron FC style valves on water injection trees.
Corrosion/erosion on a primary seal face of the upper master and flow wing valves left the trees with reduced shut off ability. Nineteen trees were involved and the implications of changing out so many trees at once prompted us to look seriously at offshore machining and repair.
To carry out this type of detailed work offshore required full manufacturers' support to arrive at a technically acceptable engineered solution that complied with Company Safety Standards and DOE requirements.
An Update on GRI's Comprehensive Study Well Program in the Devonian Shales of the Appalachian Basin
Authors: Lancaster D. E. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
This paper presents an update of the stimulation research being performed as part of the Gas Research Institute's (GRI) Comprehensive Study Well (CSW) program in the Devonian Shales of the Appalachian Basin. Initiated in mid-1987, the CSW program is a planned series of highly instrumented study wells drilled in cooperation with industry partners. Seven wells have been drilled and are In various stages of study. Extensive data are being collected and special experiments are being conducted on each CSW with the objective of identifying geologic production controls, refining formation evaluation tools, and improving stimulation practices in the Devonian Shales.
This paper reviews the progress of the CSW program thus far and concentrates specifically on the ongoing stimulation research. The focus of stimulation research in the CSW program is on pumping larger treatments carrying more sand at higher concentrations, developing an optimal fluid system for the Devonian Shales, and improving quality control. Results to date indicate that higher sand concentration treatments can be pumped routinely in the Devonian Shales, but the treatments pumped so far have not proven high sand concentrations lead to better wells. Although research on fluid design for the Devonian Shales is continuing, an optimal fluid system has not been developed yet; this remains a key objective in ongoing efforts to improve stimulation on a routine basis.
Reservoir Simulation of the Antrim Shale in the Michigan Basin
Authors: Rushing J. A. , Oliver S. J. P. , Scheper R. J. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
This paper presents the results from a preliminary investigation into the reservoir mechanisms controlling gas production from the Antrim Shale of the Michigan Basin. We used a two–phase, dual porosity, finite– difference reservoir simulator incorporating shale– specific reservoir characteristics to match a well's gas and water production history. We also analyzed the sensitivity of Antrim Shale gas production behavior to drainage area and several reservoir properties.
The results indicate that long–term gas production from the Antrim Shale is primarily controlled by natural fracture properties, desorption properties, and drainage area. Based on development strategies for coalbed methane reservoirs, there is an optimum well spacing for effectively dewatering the Antrim Shale, thus accelerating gas production and improving ultimate recovery. Finally, we found that shale matrix diffusion properties have little effect on short–term gas productivity, and preliminary results also suggest long–term gas productivity does not depend on matrix diffusion.
Une passion venue de loin
Authors: Hénaff Marcel 
Published: March 2016

Les mythes évoquent le fond violent de la colère, mais, comme Aristote, ils l’inscrivent dans une logique de réciprocité. Au contraire, l’État impérial et le monothéisme chrétien ont centralisé la colère dans un souverain. Assisterions-nous à une nouvelle dissémination de la colère ?
Mondialisation : communication globale et création de valeur
Authors: Gardel Michel 
Published: March 2016

La communication globale désigne l’ensemble des potentialités de communication de l’entreprise. Elle exprime également la nécessité d’avoir une communication cohérente pour les acteurs économiques mondiaux du fait des nouvelles technologies qui rendent l’information disponible partout et tout le temps. Une communication, pour être durablement efficace, requiert la conjugaison de trois éléments majeurs : la cohérence, la différenciation, et la transparence. La communication globale aura pour mission de construire un territoire exclusif pour l’entreprise. Elle rendra cohérentes et synergiques les différentes communications de l’entreprise (produit, marque, corporate , institutionnelle). L’omnipotence d’internet et l’avènement du « village global » confèrent à la société mondiale actuelle une organisation polycentrique. Dans une société fragmentée, face à une démobilisation du discours politique, l’entreprise pourrait jouer un rôle historique. Elle pourrait devenir le réceptacle, le point de rencontre, de nouvelles valeurs humaines, économiques et sociétales.
Kinesiologic Tape Breaking the Traditional Pharmacologic Management of Postoperative Morbidity
Authors: Ramesh Keerthi , Dutta Abhishek , Gopinath AL , Reyazulla MA , Srivastava Shatakshi , Agarwal Shruthi 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTObjectivesZygomatic maxillary complex fractures are common in trauma affecting maxillofacial region. Surgical treatment of these fractures causes pain, trismus and swelling, invariably affecting quality of life of patient postoperatively. To control these effects, various pharmacologic methods have been tried, but in vain. The kinesiologic tape (KT) opens the congested blood vessels and lymphatic channels, thereby improving flow across them. The goal of this study was to assess if the application of KT controls postoperative swelling as compared to corticosteroids.Materials and methodsTwenty patients with zygomatic maxillary complex fractures, were randomly divided into two groups that is treatment either with KT or without KT using dexamethasone. Kinesiologic tape was placed starting immediately after surgery till 5 days postoperatively. Facial swelling was assessed at six specific time points, across by different lines on the face.ResultsOverall maximal swelling was seen among patients without the KT. Patients in the KT group showed maximal swelling in the immediate postoperative period, while patients in the no-KT group with dexamethasone had maximum swelling on day one. Also when we compare the extent of swelling on different days in the KT group, there is significant reduction in swelling (p < 0.05) compared to the other group.ConclusionTherefore, KT is a holistic, minimally invasive, economical approach which is improves patients’ quality of life without the adverse effects of drugs.How to cite this articleDutta A, Gopinath al, Reyazulla MA, Ramesh K, Srivastava S, Agarwal S. Kinesiologic Tape Breaking the Traditional Pharmacologic Management of Postoperative Morbidity. World J Dent 2015;6(4):199-202.
Percepções e conhecimentos de pacientes com Doença Renal Crônica em tratamento conservador
Authors: Gricio Tatiana Camila , Kusumota Luciana , Cândido Marília de Lima 
Published: March 2016

A Doença Renal Crônica (DRC) é uma síndrome irreversível e progressiva das funções glomerular, tubular e endócrina dos rins. Há evidências de que intervenções adequadas e precoces podem retardar sua progressão. Foi objetivo deste estudo identificar e caracterizar pacientes em tratamento conservador e identificar suas percepções e conhecimentos em relação à DRC e tratamentos. O referencial metodológico foi a história oral temática. A coleta de dados ocorreu de agosto a setembro de 2007. Dos 20 pacientes entrevistados no ambulatório de uremia do Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto, 12 (60%) eram homens e 8 (40%) mulheres, com idade média de 58,6 anos. Dentre as comorbidades, destaca-se o elevado número de hipertensos (85%) e diabéticos (45%). Das entrevistas emergiram três categorias: 1) Conceitos imprecisos da DRC; 2) Tratamento atual; 3) Tratamento futuro. Conclusão: em sua maioria, pacientes em tratamento conservador possuem informações insuficientes a respeito da DRC e tratamentos, o que pode interferir na adesão e, consequentemente, acelerar a progressão da doença. Evidencia-se a necessidade de se construir uma abordagem educativa como estratégia para estimulá-los a aderirem ao tratamento conservador, diminuindo, assim, a morbidade e mortalidade no início e durante o tratamento dialítico.