bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chitosan promotes cancer progression and stem cell properties in association with Wnt signaling in colon and hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Chang Po-Hsiang , Sekine Keisuke , Chao Hsiao-Mei , Hsu Shan-hui , Chern Edward 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCancer stem cells (CSCs), a small population of cancer cells, have been considered to be the origin of cancer initiation, recurrence, and metastasis. Tumor microenvironment provides crucial signals for CSCs to maintain stem cell properties and promotes tumorigenesis. Therefore, establishment of an appropriate cell culture system to mimic the microenvironment for CSC studies is an important issue. In this study, we grew colon and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells on chitosan membranes and evaluated the tumor progression and the CSC properties. Experimental results showed that culturing cancer cells on chitosan increased cell motility, drug resistance, quiescent population, self-renewal capacity, and the expression levels of stemness and CSC marker genes, such as OCT4, NANOG, CD133, CD44, and EpCAM. Furthermore, we demonstrated that chitosan might activate canonical Wnt/β-catenin-CD44 axis signaling in CD44positive colon cancer cells and noncanonical Wnt-STAT3 signaling in CD44negative HCC cells. In conclusion, chitosan as culture substrates activated the essential signaling of CSCs and promoted CSC properties. The chitosan culture system provides a convenient platform for the research of CSC biology and screening of anticancer drugs.
Entire CD3ε, δ, and γ humanized mouse to evaluate human CD3–mediated therapeutics
Authors: Ueda Otoya , Wada Naoko A. , Kinoshita Yasuko , Hino Hiroshi , Kakefuda Mami , Ito Tsuneo , Fujii Etsuko , Noguchi Mizuho , Sato Kiyoharu , Morita Masahiro , Tateishi Hiromi , Matsumoto Kaoru , Goto Chisato , Kawase Yosuke , Kato Atsuhiko , Hattori Kunihiro , Nezu Junichi , Ishiguro Takahiro , Jishage Kou-ichi 
Published: April 2017

AbstractT cell–mediated immunotherapy is an attractive strategy for treatment in various disease areas. In this therapeutic approach, the CD3 complex is one of the key molecules to modulate T cell functions; however, in many cases, we cannot evaluate the drug candidates in animal experiments because the therapeutics, usually monoclonal antibodies specific to human CD3, cannot react to mouse endogenous Cd3. Although immunodeficient mice transfused with human hematopoietic stem or precursor cells, known as humanized mice, are available for these studies, mice humanized in this manner are not completely immune competent. In this study we have succeeded in establishing a novel mouse strain in which all the three components of the Cd3 complex — Cd3ε, Cd3δ, and Cd3γ — are replaced by their human counterparts, CD3E, CD3D, and CD3G. Basic immunological assessments have confirmed that this strain of human CD3 EDG–replaced mice are entirely immune competent, and we have also demonstrated that a bispecific antibody that simultaneously binds to human CD3 and a tumor-associated antigen (e.g. ERBB2 or GPC3) can be evaluated in human CD3 EDG–replaced mice engrafted with tumors. Our mouse model provides a novel means to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of human CD3–mediated therapy.
Eukaryotic Life Inhabits Rhodolith-forming Coralline Algae (Hapalidiales, Rhodophyta), Remarkable Marine Benthic Microhabitats
Authors: Krayesky-Self Sherry , Schmidt William E. , Phung Delena , Henry Caroline , Sauvage Thomas , Camacho Olga , Felgenhauer Bruce E. , Fredericq Suzanne 
Published: April 2017

AbstractRhodoliths are benthic calcium carbonate nodules accreted by crustose coralline red algae which recently have been identified as useful indicators of biomineral changes resulting from global climate change and ocean acidification. This study highlights the discovery that the interior of rhodoliths are marine biodiversity hotspots that function as seedbanks and temporary reservoirs of previously unknown stages in the life history of ecologically important dinoflagellate and haptophyte microalgae. Whereas the studied rhodoliths originated from offshore deep bank pinnacles in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico, the present study opens the door to assess the universality of endolithic stages among bloom-forming microalgae spanning different phyla, some of public health concerns (Prorocentrum) in marine ecosystems worldwide.
3D assembly based on 2D structure of Cellulose Nanofibril/Graphene Oxide Hybrid Aerogel for Adsorptive Removal of Antibiotics in Water
Authors: Yao Qiufang , Fan Bitao , Xiong Ye , Jin Chunde , Sun Qingfeng , Sheng Chengmin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCellulose nanofibril/graphene oxide hybrid (CNF/GO) aerogel was fabricated via a one-step ultrasonication method for adsorptive removal of 21 kinds of antibiotics in water. The as-prepared CNF/GO aerogel possesses interconnected 3D network microstructure, in which GO nanosheets with 2D structure were intimately grown along CNF through hydrogen bonds. The aerogel exhibited superior adsorption capacity toward the antibiotics. The removal percentages (R%) of the antibiotics were more than 69% and the sequence of six categories antibiotics according to the adsorption efficiency was as follows: Tetracyclines > Quinolones > Sulfonamides > Chloramphenicols > β-Lactams > Macrolides. The adsorption mechanism was proposed to be electrostatic attraction, p-π interaction, π-π interaction and hydrogen bonds. In detail, the adsorption capacities of CNF/GO aerogel were 418.7 mg·g−1 for chloramphenicol, 291.8 mg·g−1 for macrolides, 128.3 mg·g−1 for quinolones, 230.7 mg·g−1 for β-Lactams, 227.3 mg·g−1 for sulfonamides, and 454.6 mg·g−1 for tetracyclines calculated by the Langmuir isotherm models. Furthermore, the regenerated aerogels still could be repeatedly used after ten cycles without obvious degradation of adsorption performance.
Co-grinding Effect on Crystalline Zaltoprofen with β-cyclodextrin/Cucurbit[7]uril in Tablet Formulation
Authors: Li Shanshan , Lin Xiang , Xu Kailin , He Jiawei , Yang Hongqin , Li Hui 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis work aimed to investigate the co-grinding effects of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) on crystalline zaltoprofen (ZPF) in tablet formulation. Crystalline ZPF was prepared through anti-solvent recrystallization and fully analyzed through single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Co-ground dispersions and mono-ground ZPF were prepared using a ball grinding process. Results revealed that mono-ground ZPF slightly affected the solid state, solubility, and dissolution of crystalline ZPF. Co-ground dispersions exhibited completely amorphous states and elicited a significant reinforcing effect on drug solubility. UV-vis spectroscopy, XRPD, FT-IR, DSC, ssNMR, and molecular docking demonstrated the interactions in the amorphous product. Hardness tests on blank tablets with different β-CD and CB[7] contents suggested the addition of β-CD or CB[7] could enhance the compressibility of the powder mixture. Disintegration tests showed that CB[7] could efficiently shorten the disintegrating time. Dissolution tests indicated that β-CD and CB[7] could accelerate the drug dissolution rate via different mechanisms. Specifically, CB[7] could accelerate the dissolution rate by improving disintegration and β-CD showed a distinct advantage in solubility enhancement. Based on the comparative study on β-CD and CB[7] for tablet formulation combined with co-grinding, we found that CB[7] could be considered a promising drug delivery, which acted as a disintegrant.
The magnetic strip(s) in the advanced phases of stellar evolution
Authors: Charbonnel C. , Decressin T. , Lagarde N. , Gallet F. , Palacios A. , Aurière M. , Konstantinova-Antova R. , Mathis S. , Anderson R. I. , Dintrans B. 
Published: April 2017

Context.Recent spectropolarimetric observations of otherwise ordinary (in terms e.g. of surface rotation and chemical properties) G, K, and M giants have revealed localized magnetic strips in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram coincident with the regions where the first dredge-up and core helium burning occur.Aims.We seek to understand the origin of magnetic fields in such late-type giant stars, which is currently unexplained. In analogy with late-type dwarf stars, we focus primarily on parameters known to influence the generation of magnetic fields in the outer convective envelope.Methods.We compute the classical dynamo parameters along the evolutionary tracks of low- and intermediate-mass stars at various metallicities using stellar models that have been extensively tested by spectroscopic and asteroseismic observations. Specifically, these include convective turnover timescales and convective Rossby numbers, computed from the pre-main sequence (PMS) to the tip of the red giant branch (RGB) or the early asymptotic giant branch (AGB) phase. To investigate the effects of the very extended outer convective envelope, we compute these parameters both for the entire convective envelope and locally, that is, at different depths within the envelope. We also compute the turnover timescales and corresponding Rossby numbers for the convective cores of intermediate-mass stars on the main sequence.Results.Our models show that the Rossby number of the convective envelope becomes lower than unity in the well-delimited locations of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram where magnetic fields have indeed been detected.Conclusions.We show thatα− Ω dynamo processes might not be continuously operating, but that they are favored in the stellar convective envelope at two specific moments along the evolution tracks, that is, during the first dredge-up at the base of the RGB and during central helium burning in the helium-burning phase and early-AGB. This general behavior can explain the so-called magnetic strips recently discovered by dedicated spectropolarimetric surveys of evolved stars.
Parameters Influencing Tracheostomy Decannulation in Patients Undergoing Rehabilitation after severe Acquired Brain Injury (sABI)
Authors: Perin Cecilia , Meroni Roberto , Rega Vincenzo , Braghetto Giacomo , Cerri Cesare 
Published: April 2017

Introduction Tracheostomy weaning in patients who suffered a severe acquired brain injury is often a challenge and decannulation failures are not uncommon.
Objective Our study objective is to describe the decannulation failure rate in patients undergoing rehabilitation following a severe acquired brain injury (sABI); to describe the factors associated with a successful tube weaning.
Methods We conduct a retrospective analysis of charts, consecutively retrieved considering a 3-year window. Variables analyzed were: age, sex, body mass index (BMI), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), cause of hospitalization (stroke, trauma, cardiac arrest), date of the pathological event, gap between the index event and the first day of hospitalization, duration of Neurorehabilitation Ward hospitalization, comorbidities, chest morphological alteration, kind of tracheostomy tube used (overall dimension, cap, fenestration), SpO2, presentation and quantification of pulmonary secretion, maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), respiratory frequency and pattern, cardiac frequency, presence of spontaneous cough, cough strength, and blood gas analysis.
Results We analyzed 45 tracheostomised sABI patients following stroke, trauma, or cardiac arrest. The weaning success percentage was higher in Head Trauma patients and in patients presenting positive spontaneous cough. Failures seem to be associated with presence of secretions and anoxic brain damage. GCS seemed not related to the decannulation outcome.
Conclusions Parameters that could be used as positive predictors of weaning are: mean expiratory pressure, presence of spontaneous cough, and cough strength. Provoked cough and GCS were not predictive of weaning success.
Persistent Tracheostomy after Organ Preservation Protocol in Patients Treated for Larynx and Hypopharynx Cancer
Authors: Chiesa Estomba Carlos , Betances Reinoso Frank , Martinez Villasmil Virginia , González Cortés Maria , Santidrian Hidalgo Carmelo 
Published: April 2017

Introduction Squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx is currently the second most common malignancy of the airway after lung cancer, and hypopharyngeal cancer accounts for fewer than 5% of head and neck cancers. The nonsurgical options for patients with this disease are related to significant long-term toxicities and the need for persistent tracheostomy, which adversely affects the quality of life of these patients.
Objective To evaluate the need for tracheostomy, and the influence of this in the overall and specific survival rates of patients diagnosed with all stages of laryngeal carcinoma treated by chemoradiotherapy.
Methods A retrospective study of patients diagnosed with laryngeal carcinoma was performed according to the criteria of the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) and the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 7th edition, in a tertiary hospital.
Results A total of 21 patients were evaluated, 8 patients required a tracheotomy (31%) during the treatment protocol, 7 (35%) men and 1 (100%) women. According to subsite 4/4 patient with glottis cancer (p ≤ 0.001), 2/10 patients with supra glottis cancer and 2/7 patients with hypopharyngeal cancer. During follow up, just in 1 patient was possible to close the tracheostomy.
Conclusion Persistent tracheostomy dependence after primary chemoradiation increases significantly the morbidity, and decreases the quality of life of those patients. Patients with glottis cancer are prone to need a tracheostomy, but no statistical difference regarding the oncological stage and the need for a tracheostomy were detected. A more thorough selection of the patients is needed to improve the quality of life and reduce permanent tracheostomy dependence.
Verzahnung von Arbeits- und Gesundheitsförderung im Setting – Ergebnisse des Modellprojekts von Bundesagentur für Arbeit und GKV-Spitzenverband
Authors: Bellwinkel Michael , Schreiner-Kürten Karin , Melzer Kathrin 
Published: April 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Die Bundesagentur für Arbeit (BA) und die Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung (GKV) haben die Verzahnung von Arbeits- und Gesundheitsförderung erprobt, um durch ein gemeinsames Vorgehen Erwerbslose mit Präventionsangeboten zu erreichen und ihre Beschäftigungsfähigkeit zu erhalten bzw. zu verbessern.
Methodik Die Erwerbslosen wurden in motivierenden Gesundheitsgesprächen für ihre Gesundheit sensibilisiert und auf freiwilliger Basis zu Gesundheitsförderungsangeboten der Krankenkassen vermittelt. Erprobt wurden im Rahmen des Settingansatzes Kommune 3 Ansprache-Varianten, bei denen die Beratung durch die Integrationsfachkräfte der Jobcenter, beauftragte Bildungsträger oder die BA-eigenen Fachdienste erfolgte. Dreh- und Angelpunkt waren die Steuerungsgruppen an den 6 Modellstandorten aus Vertretern des Jobcenters und der Krankenkassen sowie weiteren kommunalen Akteuren.
Ergebnisse Die 3 Ansprachevarianten sowie die durchgeführten Angebote waren durchweg erfolgreich: Die Erwerbslosen nahmen das Beratungsangebot der Jobcenter an; die spezifisch auf Erwerbslose ausgerichteten Präventionsangebote der Krankenkassen haben deutliche Erfolge vor allem bei der Stressreduktion und damit auch beim Erhalt der Beschäftigungsfähigkeit gezeigt.
Schlussfolgerung Durch die Aufnahme wesentlicher Elemente dieses Ansatzes in die Bundesrahmenempfehlungen der Nationalen Präventionskonferenz vom 19.02.2016 ist die Basis für eine Weiterentwicklung und Verbreitung geschaffen.
Die Rolle der anthropologischen Psychiatrie in der Vorbereitungszeit der Psychiatrie-Enquete und Psychiatriereform in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
Authors: Söhner Felicitas , Becker Thomas , Fangerau Heiner 
Published: April 2017

Zusammenfassung
Anliegen Analyse der Wahrnehmung des Einflusses der daseinsanalytisch-anthropologischen Psychiatrie im Vorfeld der Psychiatrie-Enquete in der BRD.
Methode Inhaltsanalyse von Experteninterviews sowie Literaturrecherche.
Ergebnisse Die untersuchten Quellen verweisen auf den Einfluss des anthropologischen Ansatzes auf die Haltung gegenüber psychisch kranken Menschen. Vertreter der anthropologischen Psychiatrie waren aus Zeitzeugensicht wirksam in der Vorbereitung von Enquete und Psychiatriereform.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Ansätze der anthropologischen Psychiatrie wurden im Vorfeld der Psychiatrie-Enquete in der BRD von Psychiatrie-Professionellen rezipiert.
Diagnostizierte Depression und Inanspruchnahme von medizinischen Versorgungs- und Vorsorgeleistungen bei Erwachsenen in Deutschland
Authors: Maske Ulrike , Jaedtke Maren , Luppa Melanie , Riedel-Heller Steffi , Kleiber Dieter , Busch Markus 
Published: April 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Untersuchung des Zusammenhangs einer Depressionsdiagnose mit der Inanspruchnahme von Gesundheitsleistungen.
Methode In einer repräsentativen Querschnittstudie Erwachsener (Männer N = 18 675, Frauen N = 24 518) wurde eine diagnostizierte Depression und medizinische Versorgungs- und Vorsorgeleistungen erhoben.
Ergebnisse Eine Depressionsdiagnose war mit einer erhöhten Inanspruchnahme aller Versorgungsleistungen und einzelner Vorsorgeleistungen assoziiert.
Schlussfolgerung Es gibt keinen Hinweis auf eine Unterversorgung bzgl. Vorsorgeleistungen speziell bei Personen mit einer Depressionsdiagnose.
Vita coaetanea / A Contemporary Life / Vida coetánea / Vida coetània
Authors: Llull Ramon 
Published: April 2017

Winner of the 2018 Premio internazionale Francesco Saverio Nitti per il Mediterraneo in the category "Storia, Letteratura", awarded annually by Università degli Studi Suor Orsola Benincasa, Naples, Italy.
The Vita coaetanea (A Contemporary Life) is an autobiographical account of Ramon Llull’s life dictated by himself to a friend in 1311 when he was seventy-nine years old. In it Llull reviews his works in the context of a life dedicated to God and motivated by the desire to disseminate the message of the Christian faith among the infidels. Llull, the self-labeled troubadour of books, wrote this account in part as a self-justification of his life and work, in part as self-consolation for his unending toils and travails. It is very likely that he also had in mind the Council of Vienne (1311) which he was about to attend and where he submitted petitions dealing with the establishment of adequate places to study languages for the preaching of the Gospel to every creature and the founding of a Christian military religious order that waged permanent war against the Saracens until the Holy Land is reconquered. Llull wanted to frame these petitions within a well thought-out justificatory account of his life and works that exudes passion, commitment and love for his fellow man.
This volume contains the Latin original, as well as translations into Catalan, Spanish, and English.
Impact of rapid susceptibility testing and antibiotic selection strategy on the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance in gonorrhea
Authors: Tuite Ashleigh R , Gift Thomas L , Chesson Harrell W , Hsu Katherine , Salomon Joshua A , Grad Yonatan H 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing antibiotic resistance limits treatment options for gonorrhea. We examined the extent to which a hypothetical point-of-care (POC) test reporting antibiotic susceptibility profiles could slow the spread of resistance.MethodsWe developed a deterministic compartmental model describing gonorrhea transmission in a single-sex population with three antibiotics available to treat infections. Probabilities of resistance emergence on treatment and fitness costs associated with resistance were based on characteristics of ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, and ceftriaxone. We evaluated time to 1% and 5% prevalence of resistant strains among all isolates with: (1) empiric treatment (azithromycin plus ceftriaxone), and treatment guided by POC tests determining susceptibility to (2) ciprofloxacin only and (3) all three antibiotics.FindingsBased on current gonococcal susceptibility patterns in the United States, the model indicated that continued empiric dual antibiotic treatment without POC testing resulted in >5% of isolates being resistant to both azithromycin and ceftriaxone within 15 years. When either POC test was used in 10% of identified cases, this was delayed by 5 years. The three antibiotic POC test delayed the time to reach 1% prevalence of triply-resistant strains by 6 years, while the ciprofloxacin-only test resulted in no delay. Results were less sensitive to assumptions about fitness costs and test characteristics with increasing test uptake. The main limitation of this study is that we made simplifying assumptions to describe gonorrhea transmission and the emergence and spread of resistance in the population.ConclusionsRapid diagnostics that report antibiotic susceptibility have the potential to extend the usefulness of existing antibiotics for treatment of gonorrhea. Monitoring resistance patterns will be critical with the introduction of such tests.
Prototyping and Implementation of a Novel Feedforward Loop in a Cell-Free Transcription-Translation System and Cells
Authors: Guo Shaobin , Murray Richard M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBuilding novel synthetic biological devices is a time-consuming task because of the lengthy cell-based testing and optimization processes. Recent progress made in the cell-free field suggests that the utilization of mathematical models and cell-free transcription-translation testing platforms to systematically design and test novel synthetic biocircuits may help streamline some of the processes. Here we present a study of building a novel functional biological network motif from scratch with the aid of the mathematical modeling and the cell-free prototyping. In this work, we demonstrated that we were able to make a 3-promoter feedforward circuit from a concept to a working biocircuit in cells within a month. We started with performing simulations with a cell-free transcription-translation simulation toolbox. After verifying the feasibility of the circuit design, we used a fast assembling method to build the constructs and used the linear DNAs directly in the cell-free system for prototyping. After additional tests and assemblies, we implemented the circuit in plasmid forms in cells and showed that thein vivoresults were consistent with the simulations and the outcomes in the cell-free platform. This study showed the usefulness of modeling and prototyping in building synthetic biocircuits and that we can use these tools to help streamline the process of circuit optimizations in future studies.