bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Protein Modification through Cysteine
Authors: Gunnoo Smita B. , Madder Annemieke 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe modification of proteins with non‐protein entities is important for a wealth of applications, and methods for chemically modifying proteins attract considerable attention. Generally, modification is desired at a single site to maintain homogeneity and to minimise loss of function. Though protein modification can be achieved by targeting some natural amino acid side chains, this often leads to ill‐defined and randomly modified proteins. Amongst the natural amino acids, cysteine combines advantageous properties contributing to its suitability for site‐selective modification, including a unique nucleophilicity, and a low natural abundance—both allowing chemo‐ and regioselectivity. Native cysteine residues can be targeted, or Cys can be introduced at a desired site in a protein by means of reliable genetic engineering techniques. This review on chemical protein modification through cysteine should appeal to those interested in modifying proteins for a range of applications.
Viable triplet pregnancy coexisting with a complete molar pregnancy
Authors: Polonsky Ariel , Olteanu Ioana , Ben‐David Mordechai , Mamet Jacob , Agranat Avi , Fridman Eddie 
Published: January 2016

Key Clinical MessageThis case is extraordinary because it was never before described in English literature. The case describes a long‐standing debate about the safety of carrying this pregnancy to term. Some authors are for and some are against. The risks and benefits should be thoroughly reviewed before a decision is made.
Esophagostomy for percutaneous tube feeding in diaphragm paralysis
Authors: Toh Yoon Ezekiel Wong 
Published: January 2016

Key Clinical MessagePTEG is a minimally invasive method to access the stomach or small intestine via an esophagostomy. It is used as an alternative to nasogastric tubing for gastric decompression or long‐term enteral nutrition when gastrostomy is not suitable, such as in patients with total gastrectomy or advanced gastric cancer.
Chemoselective Hydrogenation of Crotonaldehyde Catalyzed by an Au@ZIF‐8 Composite
Authors: Stephenson Casey J. , Whitford Cassandra L. , Stair Peter C. , Farha Omar K. , Hupp Joseph T. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAu nanoparticles of size 2.2 nm were encapsulated in a zeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF‐8 framework (Au@ZIF‐8). The composite was used as a catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde to crotyl alcohol with 90–95 % selectivity. Hydrogenation of 1‐hexene yielded n‐hexane in approximately the same conversion as crotonaldehyde, whereas cis‐cyclohexene did not detectably react. To account for the confined environment of the ZIF, we supported Au nanoparticles on the outside of ZIF‐8 (Au/ZIF‐8). Using Au/ZIF‐8 as a catalyst, 1‐hexene and cis‐cyclohexene were hydrogenated in low conversion whereas crotonaldehyde would only react at higher pressures in 70 % selectivity towards crotyl alcohol. Post‐experiment TEM analysis of Au/ZIF‐8 showed significant sintering whereas the median particle size of Au@ZIF‐8 remained almost unchanged. Au@ZIF‐8 was recycled as a catalyst for the hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde three times without significant loss of activity or selectivity.
Electrospinning Synthesis of Bimetallic Nickel–Iron Oxide/Carbon Composite Nanofibers for Efficient Water Oxidation Electrocatalysis
Authors: Chen Hui , Huang Xiaoxi , Zhou Li‐Jing , Li Guo‐Dong , Fan Meihong , Zou Xiaoxin 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe development of earth‐abundant water oxidation electrocatalysts with high activity and durability is very important for many renewable energy conversion/storage processes. Herein, we report a facile synthetic method for the preparation of amorphous nickel–iron oxide/carbon composite nanofibers with high electrocatalytic activity and stability for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). This method involves two main steps: (i) the electrospinning synthesis of Ni‐ and Fe‐embedded polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymer nanofibers as the precursor and (ii) the thermal conversion of this precursor in air at 250 °C into nickel–iron oxide/carbon composite nanofibers. Moreover, we show that the as‐obtained composite material exhibits a comparable catalytic activity and a superior catalytic stability to IrOx/C and RuOx, which are state‐of‐the‐art noble‐metal‐based water oxidation electrocatalysts. In particular, the obtained amorphous nickel–iron oxide/carbon composite nanofibers with an optimal Ni/Fe molar ratio of 1:2 afford a small overpotential of 310 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, show high catalytic stability for >15 h, and give >90 % Faradaic yield toward the OER. The efficient catalytic activity of the material can be attributed to its overall conducive structural features for the OER, mainly including the amorphous phase structure of nickel–iron oxide, tunable Ni/Fe atomic ratio, and strongly coupled interaction between nickel–iron oxide and nanocarbon.
A Sequential Homologation of Alkynes and Aldehydes for Chain Elongation with Optional 13C‐Labeling
Authors: Brunner Andreas , Hintermann Lukas 
Published: January 2016

AbstractTerminal alkynes (RCCH) are homologated by a sequence of ruthenium‐catalyzed anti‐Markovnikov hydration of alkyne to aldehyde (RCH2CHO), followed by Bestmann–Ohira alkynylation of aldehyde to chain‐elongated alkyne (RCH2CCH). Inverting the sequence by starting from aldehyde brings about the reciprocal homologation of aldehydes instead. The use of 13C‐labeled Bestmann–Ohira reagent (dimethyl ((1‐13C)‐1‐diazo‐2‐oxopropyl)phosphonate) for alkynylation provides straightforward access to singly or, through additional homologation, multiply 13C‐labeled alkynes. The labeled alkynes serve as synthetic platform for accessing a multitude of specifically 13C‐labeled products. Terminal alkynes with one or two 13C‐labels in the alkyne unit have been submitted to alkyne–azide click reactions; the copper‐catalyzed version (CuAAC) was found to display a regioselectivity of >50 000:1 for the 1,4‐ over the 1,5‐triazine isomer, as shown analytically by 13C NMR spectroscopy.
Sodium‐Ion Storage Properties of FeS–Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Powder with a Crumpled Structure
Authors: Lee Seung Yeon , Kang Yun Chan 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe sodium‐ion storage properties of FeS–reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and Fe3O4‐rGO composite powders with crumpled structures have been studied. The Fe3O4‐rGO composite powder, prepared by one‐pot spray pyrolysis, could be transformed to an FeS‐rGO composite powder through a simple sulfidation treatment. The mean size of the Fe3O4 nanocrystals in the Fe3O4‐rGO composite powder was 4.4 nm. After sulfidation, FeS nanocrystals of size several hundred nanometers were confined within the crumpled structure of the rGO matrix. The initial discharge capacities of the FeS‐rGO and Fe3O4‐rGO composite powders were 740 and 442 mA h g−1, and their initial charge capacities were 530 and 165 mA h g−1, respectively. The discharge capacities of the FeS‐rGO and Fe3O4‐rGO composite powders at the 50th cycle were 547 and 150 mA h g−1, respectively. The FeS‐rGO composite powder showed superior sodium‐ion storage performance compared to the Fe3O4‐rGO composite powder.
Graphitic C3N4‐Sensitized TiO2 Nanotube Layers: A Visible‐Light Activated Efficient Metal‐Free Antimicrobial Platform
Authors: Xu Jingwen , Li Yan , Zhou Xuemei , Li Yuzhen , Gao Zhi‐Da , Song Yan‐Yan , Schmuki Patrik 
Published: January 2016

AbstractHerein, we use a facile procedure to graft a thin graphitic C3N4 (g‐C3N4) layer on aligned TiO2 nanotube arrays (TiNT) by a one‐step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) approach. This provides a platform to enhance the visible‐light response of TiO2 nanotubes for antimicrobial applications. The formed g‐C3N4/TiNT binary nanocomposite exhibits excellent bactericidal efficiency against Escherichia coli (E. coli) as a visible‐light activated antibacterial coating, without the use of additional bactericides.
Iron‐Catalyzed Allylic Amination Directly from Allylic Alcohols
Authors: Emayavaramban Balakumar , Roy Moumita , Sundararaju Basker 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAllylic amination, directly from alcohols, has been demonstrated without any Lewis acid activators using an efficient and regiospecific molecular iron catalyst. Various amines and alcohols were employed and the reaction proceeded through the oxidation/reduction (redox) pathway. A direct one‐step synthesis of common drugs, such as cinnarizine and nafetifine, was exhibited from cinnamyl alcohol that produced water as side product.
Erhöhung der Energieeffizienz von Abgasreinigungssystemen durch zeolithische Glätter
Authors: Meyer Sven , Carlowitz Otto , Napp Matthias , Poertner Martin , Pfutterer Matthias , Dammeyer Karl‐Heinz 
Published: January 2016

AbstractDie Emissionen organischer Lösemittel aus Chargenproduktionen stellen die Abluftreinigung vor besondere Herausforderungen, da sie auf das Konzentrations‐ und Volumenmaximum ausgelegt sein muss. Damit sind in der Regel hohe Betriebsmittelkosten verbunden. Der Einsatz von adsorptiven Glättern (Zeolithen) kann die Konzentrationsspitzen reduzieren und zu einer Vergleichmäßigung der Konzentration an Lösemitteln in der Abluft führen. Das Verhalten der Zeolithe wird anhand von Ergebnissen einer Technikumsanlage gezeigt. Weiter erfolgt eine Betrachtung wirtschaftlicher Vorteile.
Wasseradsorption und ‐diffusion in SAPO‐34 für die adsorptive Wärmetransformation
Authors: Stallmach Frank , Splith Tobias , Chmelik Christian , Füldner Gerrit , Henninger Stefan K. , Kolokathis Panagiotis T. , Pantatosaki Evangelia , Papadopoulos George K. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractDie Diffusion von Wasser in SAPO‐34 wurde im Temperatur‐ und Beladungsbereich, der für Anwendungen in der adsorptiven Wärmetransformation relevant ist, experimentell untersucht. Korrigierte Diffusionskoeffizienten aus IR‐Messungen, die direkt an Adsorptionsschichten auf einem Aluminiumträger während der Adsorption und Desorption gemessen wurden und Selbstdiffusionskoeffizienten aus NMR‐Untersuchungen im thermodynamischen Gleichgewicht sind untereinander konsistent, weitgehend beladungsunabhängig und etwa zwei Größenordnungen kleiner als die Diffusion des flüssigen Wassers bei gleicher Temperatur. Die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Wasserdiffusion im SAPO‐34 kann mit einer Aktivierungsenergie von (11 ± 2) kJ mol−1 beschrieben werden.
Structure–Activity Studies of Bis‐O‐Arylglycolamides: Inhibitors of the Integrated Stress Response
Authors: Hearn Brian R. , Jaishankar Priyadarshini , Sidrauski Carmela , Tsai Jordan C. , Vedantham Punitha , Fontaine Shaun D. , Walter Peter , Renslo Adam R. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe integrated stress response comprises multiple signaling pathways for detecting and responding to cellular stress that converge at a single event—the phosphorylation of Ser51 on the α‐subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α). Phosphorylation of eIF2α (eIF2α‐P) results in attenuation of global protein synthesis via the inhibitory effects of eIF2α‐P on eIF2B, the guanine exchange factor (GEF) for eIF2. Herein we describe structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies of bis‐O‐arylglycolamides, first‐in‐class integrated stress response inhibitors (ISRIB). ISRIB analogues make cells insensitive to the effects of eIF2α‐P by activating the GEF activity of eIF2B and allowing global protein synthesis to proceed with residual unphosphorylated eIF2α. The SAR studies described herein support the proposed pharmacology of ISRIB analogues as binding across a symmetrical protein–protein interface formed between protein subunits of the dimeric eIF2B heteropentamer.
Site‐Specific Dynamics of β‐Sheet Peptides with DPro–Gly Turns Probed by Laser‐Excited Temperature‐Jump Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Popp Alexander , Scheerer David , Chi Heng , Keiderling Timothy A. , Hauser Karin 
Published: January 2016

AbstractTurn residues and side‐chain interactions play an important role for the folding of β‐sheets. We investigated the conformational dynamics of a three‐stranded β‐sheet peptide (DPDP) and a two‐stranded β‐hairpin (WVYY–DP) by time‐resolved temperature‐jump (T‐jump) infrared spectroscopy. Both peptide sequences contain DPro–Gly residues that favor a tight β‐turn. The three‐stranded β‐sheet (Ac‐VFITSDPGKTYTEVDPGOKILQ–NH2) is stabilized by the turn sequences, whereas the β‐hairpin (SWTVEDPGKYTYK–NH2) folding is assisted by both the turn sequence and hydrophobic cross‐strand interactions. Relaxation times after the T‐jump were monitored as a function of temperature and occur on a sub‐microsecond time scale, DPDP being faster than WVYY–DP. The Xxx–DPro tertiary amide provides a detectable IR band, allowing us to probe the dynamics site‐specifically. The relative importance of the turn versus the intrastrand stability in β‐sheet formation is discussed.
Plasmon‐Induced Water Splitting Using Metallic‐Nanoparticle‐Loaded Photocatalysts and Photoelectrodes
Authors: Ueno Kosei , Oshikiri Tomoya , Misawa Hiroaki 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the group of Prof. Hiroaki Misawa (Hokkaido University, Japan, and National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan). The image shows a plasmon‐induced water‐splitting system, which can collect hydrogen and oxygen separately and employs a semiconductor substrate. Read the full text of the Review at 10.1002/cphc.201500761
Synthesis of Titania@Carbon Nanocomposite from Urea‐Impregnated Cellulose for Efficient Lithium and Sodium Batteries
Authors: Henry Aurélien , Louvain Nicolas , Fontaine Olivier , Stievano Lorenzo , Monconduit Laure , Boury Bruno 
Published: January 2016

AbstractNanostructured TiO2 and TiO2@C nanocomposites were prepared directly from urea‐impregnated cellulose by a simple reaction/diffusion process and evaluated as negative electrode materials for Li and Na batteries. By direct treatment with TiCl4 under anhydrous conditions, the urea impregnation of cellulose impacts both the TiO2 morphology and the carbon left by cellulose after pyrolysis. Hierarchical TiO2 structures with a flower‐like morphology grown from‐and‐at the surface of the cellulose fibers are obtained without any directing agent. The resulting TiO2/cellulose composite is then transformed either into pure TiO2 flowers by calcination in air at 600 °C, or into TiO2@C nanocomposites by pyrolysis under Ar at 600 °C. Electrochemical studies demonstrate that both samples can (de)insert lithium and sodium ions and are promising electrode materials.
Proteomic analysis of the INS‐1E secretome identify novel vitamin D‐regulated proteins
Authors: Pepaj Milaim , Bredahl May K. , Gjerlaugsen Nina , Thorsby Per M. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundExperimental evidence indicates that vitamin D may have a beneficial role in pancreatic β‐cell function.MethodsIn the present study, stable isotope labelling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) in combination with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was used to quantitatively assess the impact of the active vitamin D metabolite, 1,25‐(OH)2D3, on global protein expression in INS‐1E cell secretome.ResultsTwenty‐one proteins were found up‐regulated (≥1.5 fold changes) and three down‐regulated (≤0.67) after treatment of INS‐1E cells with 1,25‐(OH)2D3. Up‐regulation of proteins implicated in β‐cell growth and proliferation, such as IGF2, IGFBP7 and gelsolin, suggest that 1,25‐(OH)2D3has a positive effect on β‐cell growth and proliferation. Moreover, modulations of several proteins implicated in prohormone processing and insulin exocytosis (IGF2, IGFBP7, Scg5, ProSAAS, Fabp5, Ptprn2 and gelsolin) appear to support the hypothesis that 1,25‐(OH)2D3plays positive modulatory role in insulin processing and secretion.ConclusionsTogether, we reveal a number of novel vitamin D‐regulated proteins that may contribute to a better understanding of the reported beneficial effects of vitamin D on pancreatic β‐cells. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Persistence of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA) is associated with clinical characteristics of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: a prospective study with 3‐year follow‐up
Authors: Huang Gan , Yin Min , Xiang Yufei , Li Xia , Shen Wei , Luo Shuoming , Lin Jian , Xie Zhiguo , Zheng Peilin , Zhou Zhiguang 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundLatent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a form of autoimmune diabetes with heterogeneous features. This study aimed to investigate the persistent status of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA) in patients with LADA and its association with clinical characteristics.MethodsThis 3‐year follow‐up study enrolled 107 LADA and 40 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients from October 2005 to December 2013. GADA titer, epitopes, and clinical characteristics (including fasting C‐peptide and HbA1c) in LADA patients were assayed annually. The human leukocyte antigen DQ (HLA‐DQ) genotypes were also analysed. The relationship between the persistence of GADA and the clinical characteristics was investigated in LADA patients.ResultsAfter 3‐year follow‐up, 36.5% (39/107) LADA patients remained GADA positive (persistently positive group), 19.6% (21/107) patients fluctuated positively and negatively (fluctuating group), and 43.9% (47/107) patients became GADA negative, among which 61.7% (29/47) seroconversions occurred within 6 months of follow‐up (transiently positive group). The GADA persistently positive group possessed higher titer of GADA than transiently positive group and fluctuant group (all p = 0.000), higher reactivities to middle and C‐terminal regions of GAD65 than those in transiently positive group (p = 0.001 andp = 0.000, respectively), and lower baseline fasting C‐peptide level than T2DM patients and transiently positive group [415(31–1862)vs620(220–1658) pmol/L,p = 0.014; and 415(31–1862)vs705(64–1541) pmol/L,p = 0.017, respectively]. The GADA transiently positive group retained a higher HbA1clevel when compared with T2DM patients (p = 0.023). In addition, the three LADA groups shared similar frequencies of HLA‐DQ susceptible haplotypes that were higher as compared with T2DM. The GADA persistently positive group had a higher annual declining rate in fasting C‐peptide than T2DM patients [−14%(−174–33%)vs−1%(−27–28%),p = 0.007].ConclusionThe LADA patients with GADA transient positivity account for a large proportion, whose clinical characteristics and HLA‐DQ haplotypes are different from those of T2DM. The patients with high titer GADA and reactivities to GADA65 middle and C‐terminal regions showed a persistent GADA positivity, in which a worse baseline and accelerated decline ofβ‐cell function need early intervention in the practice. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Activity and distribution of plasma platelet‐activating factor acetylhydrolase in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their neonates
Authors: Gao Qian , He Guo‐Lin , Zhang Li , Bai Huai , Liu Xing‐Hui , Fan Ping 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundAbnormal activity and distribution of plasma platelet‐activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF‐AH) are associated with chronic inflammatory status. In this study, we investigate the activity and distribution of plasma PAF‐AH and their association with metabolic components in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and in their neonates.MethodsBased on the International Association of Diabetes Pregnancy Study Group criteria, we performed a case‐controlled study of 101 women with GDM, 98 women with uncomplicated pregnancies, 142 neonates of mothers with GDM and 121 neonates of mothers with uncomplicated pregnancies. Plasma PAF‐AH, high‐density lipoprotein (HDL)‐associated PAF‐AH (H‐PAF‐AH) and apolipoprotein (apo) B‐containing lipoprotein‐associated PAF‐AH (apoB‐PAF‐AH) activities were measured using the trichloroacetic acid precipitation procedure with PAF C‐16 as a substrate.ResultsThe plasma PAF‐AH and apoB‐PAF‐AH activities, triglyceride (TG) levels, atherogenic index and TG/HDL‐C ratio were increased, and the H‐PAF‐AH proportions were decreased in the mothers with GDM compared with the control mothers (p < 0.05). Multivariate regression analyses demonstrated that the apoB and TG levels were significant predictors of plasma PAF‐AH or apoB‐PAF‐AH activities, while the low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol levels, weight gain during pregnancy and age were associated with H‐PAF‐AH activities. The neonates of mothers with GDM had higher plasma insulin and glucose concentrations (p < 0.05) and tended to exhibit increased serum apoB levels (p = 0.062) compared with the neonates of mothers with uncomplicated pregnancies.ConclusionsThe mothers with GDM presented with a state of chronic inflammation, and these mothers and their neonates also exhibited unfavourable metabolic profiles in terms of glucose and lipids. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cell type‐specific epigenome profiling using affinity‐purified nuclei
Authors: Chitikova Zhanna , Steiner Florian A. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryThe development of a multicellular organism from a single zygote depends on the differentiation of progenitor cells to specialized cell types. The differentiation of these cell types is associated with changes in gene expression and the underlying chromatin landscape. To understand how these processes are regulated, it is desirable to understand how the chromatin features that constitute the epigenome differ between cell types at any given time during development. INTACT, a method for the cell type‐specific purification of nuclei that can be used for the isolation of both RNA and chromatin, has emerged as a powerful tool to simultaneously study gene expression and chromatin profiles specifically in cell types of interest. In this review, we focus on the application of INTACT to different model organisms and discuss its potential for profiling cell types in their developmental context. genesis, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. genesis 54:160–169, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impacts of temperature on giant panda habitat in the north Minshan Mountains
Authors: Liu Gang , Guan Tianpei , Dai Qiang , Li Huixin , Gong Minghao 
Published: January 2016

AbstractUnderstanding the impacts of meteorological factors on giant pandas is necessary for future conservation measures in response to global climate change. We integrated temperature data with three main habitat parameters (elevation, vegetation type, and bamboo species) to evaluate the influence of climate change on giant panda habitat in the northern Minshan Mountains using a habitat assessment model. Our study shows that temperature (relative importance = 25.1%) was the second most important variable influencing giant panda habitat excepting the elevation. There was a significant negative correlation between temperature and panda presence (ρ = −0.133, P < 0.05), and the temperature range preferred by giant pandas within the study area was 18–21°C, followed by 15–17°C and 22–24°C. The overall suitability of giant panda habitats will increase by 2.7%, however, it showed a opposite variation patterns between the eastern and northwestern region of the study area. Suitable and subsuitable habitats in the northwestern region of the study area, which is characterized by higher elevation and latitude, will increase by 18007.8 hm2 (9.8% habitat suitability), while the eastern region will suffer a decrease of 9543.5 hm2 (7.1% habitat suitability). Our results suggest that increasing areas of suitable giant panda habitat will support future giant panda expansion, and food shortage and insufficient living space will not arise as problems in the northwest Minshan Mountains, which means that giant pandas can adapt to climate change, and therefore may be resilient to climate change. Thus, for the safety and survival of giant pandas in the Baishuijiang Reserve, we propose strengthening the giant panda monitoring program in the west and improving the integrity of habitats to promote population dispersal with adjacent populations in the east.