bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retracted: New collaborative platform for managing users in using the spectrum bands on cognitive radio networks
Authors: Kiani Farzad 
Published: October 2016

AbstractCognitive (or smart) Radio Networks (CRNs) are an innovative approach to wireless engineering in which radios are designed with an unprecedented level of intelligence and agility. The CRNs have imperative component as called spectrum sensing. These networks can enable the secondary users (SUs) for reusing or detecting of idle spectrum bands through this component. This paper proposes a new collaborative platform of this spectrum to employ in resource‐constrained CRNs. In this case, each SU has a certain transmission cost that it is subtracted from a limited resource budget. Deciding and managing of licensed SUs that can transmit without exceeding the resource budget is the paper goal. To handle of a wide variety of resources the proposed schema creates a general platform. These resources can be limited data rate, limited tolerable interference, etc. This platform is based on modeling the CRN as a normal graph. Our simulation results show that the proposed platform has many advantageous features such as achieving fairness amongst SUs, reasonable amount of message exchange, favoring SUs that have reliable connectivity with the Primary User (PU), in addition to high detection rate.
Predictors of knee joint loading after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Wellsandt Elizabeth , Khandha Ashutosh , Manal Kurt , Axe Michael J. , Buchanan Thomas S. , Snyder‐Mackler Lynn 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury results in altered knee joint mechanics which frequently continue even after ACL reconstruction. The persistence of altered mechanical loading of the knee is of concern due to its likely role in the development of post‐traumatic osteoarthritis (OA). Joint contact forces are associated with post‐traumatic OA development, but evaluation of factors influencing the magnitude of contact forces after ACL injury is needed to advance current strategies aimed at preventing post‐traumatic OA. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify predictive factors of knee joint contact forces after ACL reconstruction. Thirty athletes completed standard gait analysis with surface electromyography 6 months after ACL reconstruction. An electromyographic‐driven musculoskeletal model was used to estimate joint contact forces. External knee adduction moment was a significant predictor of medial compartment contact forces in both limbs, while vertical ground reaction force and co‐contraction only contributed significantly in the uninvolved limb. The large influence of the knee adduction moment on joint contact forces provides mechanistic clues to understanding the mechanical pathway of post‐traumatic OA after ACL injury.Statement of Clinical Significance: This study provides critical information in improving the understanding of mechanisms influencing the development of post‐traumatic OA after ACL injury. Further work is needed to identify additional driving factors of joint loading in the ACL‐injured limb and develop treatment strategies to avert the deleterious consequences of post‐traumatic OA. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:651–656, 2017.
Using an enzymatic galactose assay to detect lactose glycation extents of two proteins caseinate and soybean protein isolate via the Maillard reaction
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Peng , Zhao Xin‐Huai 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDGlycation of food proteins via the Maillard reaction has been widely studied in the recent years; however, the amount of saccharide connected to proteins is usually not determined. An enzymatic galactose assay was proposed firstly in this study to detect lactose glycation extents of caseinate and soybean protein isolate (SPI) during the Maillard reaction at two temperatures and different times.RESULTSThe separated glycated proteins were hydrolysed to release galactose necessary for the enzymatic assay and glycation calculation. Caseinate and SPI both obtained the highest lactose glycation extents at 100 °C or 121 °C by a reaction time of 180 or 20 min. Short‐ and long‐time reaction resulted in lower glycation extents. During the reaction, three chemical indices (absorbences at 294/490 nm and fluorescence intensities) of reaction mixtures increased continually, but another index reactable NH2 of glycated proteins showed the opposite trend. In general, changing profiles of the four indices were inconsistent with those profiles of lactose glycation extents of glycated proteins, implying practical limitation of the four indices in studies.CONCLUSIONThis proposed enzymatic assay could directly detect lactose glycation of the two proteins, and thus was more useful than the four chemical indices to monitor glycation of the two proteins. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Evaluation of different agricultural wastes for the production of fruiting bodies and bioactive compounds by medicinal mushroom Cordyceps militaris
Authors: Lin Qunying , Long Liangkun , Wu Liangliang , Zhang Fenglun , Wu Shuling , Zhang Weiming , Sun Xiaoming 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn commercial production of Cordyceps militaris (a famous Chinese medicine), cereal grains are usually utilized as cultivation substrates. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of agricultural wastes as substitute materials in the low‐cost production of C. militaris. Cottonseed shells (CS), corn cob particles (CCP), Italian poplar sawdusts (IPS) and substrates spent by Flammulina velutipes (SS) were employed to cultivate C. militaris, using rice medium as control.RESULTSCS and CCP were suitable for fruit body formation of C. militaris, with yields of 22 and 20 g per bottle respectively. Fruit bodies grown on CCP showed the highest levels of cordycepin and adenosine, up to 9.45 and 5.86 mg g−1 respectively. The content of d‐mannitol in fruit bodies obtained on CS was 120 mg g−1 (80% of the control group), followed by that on CCP, 100 mg g−1. Fruit bodies cultivated on CCP displayed a high crude polysaccharide level of 26.9 mg g−1, which was the closest to that of the control group (34.5 mg g−1).CONCLUSIONCS and CCP are effective substrates for the production of fruit bodies and bioactive compounds by C. militaris. This study provides a new approach to decreasing the cost of C. militaris cultivation and dealing with these agricultural wastes. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Strategies for narrowing the maize yield gap of household farms through precision fertigation under irrigated conditions using CERES‐Maize model
Authors: Liu Jiangang , Wang Guangyao , Chu Qingquan , Chen Fu 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDNitrogen (N) application significantly increases maize yield; however, the unreasonable use of N fertilizer is common in China. The analysis of crop yield gaps can reveal the limiting factors for yield improvement, but there is a lack of practical strategies for narrowing yield gaps of household farms. The objectives of this study were to assess the yield gap of summer maize using an integrative method and to develop strategies for narrowing the maize yield gap through precise N fertilization.RESULTSThe results indicated that there was a significant difference in maize yield among fields, with a low level of variation. Additionally, significant differences in N application rate were observed among fields, with high variability. Based on long‐term simulation results, the optimal N application rate was 193 kg ha−1, with a corresponding maximum attainable yield (AYmax) of 10 318 kg ha−1. A considerable difference between farmers' yields and AYmax was observed. Low agronomic efficiency of applied N fertilizer (AEN) in farmers' fields was exhibited.CONCLUSIONThe integrative method lays a foundation for exploring the specific factors constraining crop yield gaps at the field scale and for developing strategies for rapid site‐specific N management. Optimization strategies to narrow the maize yield gap include increasing N application rates and adjusting the N application schedule. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
The Synergistic Effect of Cationic Moieties and GRGDSF‐Peptides in Hydrogels on Neural Stem Cell Behavior
Authors: Sallouh Muhammad , Jarocki Marvin , Sallouh Omar , Degen Patrick , Faissner Andreas , Weberskirch Ralf 
Published: October 2016

This article reports the behavior of embryonic neural stem cells on a hydrogel that combines cationic, non‐specific cell adhesion motifs with glycine‐arginine‐glycine‐aspartic acid‐serine‐phenylalanine (GRGDSF)‐peptides as specific cell adhesion moieties. Therefore, three hydrogels are prepared by free radical polymerization that contains either a GRGDSF‐peptide residue (P1), amino ethylmethacrylate as a cationic residue (P2), or a combination of both motifs (P3). For each gel, cross linker concentrations of 8 mol% is used to have a comparable gel stiffness of 8–9 kPa. The cell experiments indicate a synergistic effect of the non‐specific, cationic residues, and the specific GRGDSF‐peptides on embryonic neural stem cell behavior that is especially pronounced in the cell adhesion experiments by more than doubling the number of cells after 72 h when comparing P3 with P2 and is less pronounced in the proliferation and differentiation experiments.
image
Gelatin Porous Scaffolds as Delivery Systems of Calcium Alendronate
Authors: Panzavolta Silvia , Torricelli Paola , Casolari Sonia , Parrilli Annapaola , Amadori Sofia , Fini Milena , Bigi Adriana 
Published: October 2016

The systemic administration of bisphosphonates (BPs) for the treatment of metabolic diseases characterized by abnormal bone loss suffers from several adverse side effects, which can be reduced by implementation of alternative modes of administration. In this work, glutaraldehyde cross‐linked gelatin scaffolds are proposed as delivery systems of calcium alendronate monohydrate (CaAL•H2O). The 3D highly porous scaffolds display a relevant interconnected porosity (>94%), independently from CaAL•H2O content (0, 3, and 6 wt%). At variance, pore size varies with composition. The relative increase of the number of smaller pores on increasing BP content is in agreement with the parallel significant increase of the compressive modulus and collapse strength. The scaffolds exhibit a sustained CaAL•H2O release profile, and a significant amount of the drug is retained in the scaffolds even after 14 d. In vitro tests are carried out using cocultures of osteoblast (OB) and osteoclast (OC). The evaluation of differentiation markers is performed both on the supernatants of cell culture and by means of quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results indicate that BP containing scaffolds support osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, whereas they inhibit osteoclast viability and activity, displaying a promising beneficial role on bone repair processes.
image
Preparation of Designed Poly(trimethylene carbonate) Meniscus Implants by Stereolithography: Challenges in Stereolithography
Authors: van Bochove Bas , Hannink Gerjon , Buma Pieter , Grijpma Dirk W. 
Published: October 2016

Three‐armed poly(trimethylene carbonate) macromers with a relatively high molecular weight of 28.9 kg mol−1 are prepared by ring opening polymerization and subsequent functionalization with methacrylate end groups. A resin suitable for processing by stereolithography is developed using propylene carbonate as a diluent, a photoinitiator, and a dye to control the curing characteristics. The difficulties in building designed structures with digital light processing stereolithography and the ways of optimizing the resin compositions are described in detail. Using an optimized resin composition, which contained 50 wt% macromer, 50 wt% diluent, 0.05 wt% (relative to the macromer) dye, and 5 wt% (relative to the macromer) photoinitiator, designed 3D porous structures with a gyroid pore network geometry are manufactured. By varying pore sizes and porosities between, respectively, 300 and 1000 μm and 60% and 90%, cylindrical porous poly(trimethylene carbonate) network structures with compression moduli of 85–2320 kPa are prepared. A porous poly(trimethylene carbonate) network meniscus implant is designed on the basis of computed tomography imaging data. By adjusting the characteristics of the gyroid pore architecture, an implant with a compression modulus close to 400 kPa, which fits the compression modulus of human meniscal tissue, is manufactured by stereolithography.
image
Dietary low‐fat soy milk powder retards diabetic nephropathy progression via inhibition of renal fibrosis and renal inflammation
Authors: Jheng Huei‐Fen , Hirotsuka Motohiko , Goto Tsuyoshi , Shibata Masayuki , Matsumura Yasuki , Kawada Teruo 
Published: October 2016

ScopeDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of end‐stage renal disease. Here, we examined the effect of long‐term consumption of a low‐fat soy milk powder (LFSMP) on the diabetic kidney structure and function.Methods and resultsKKAy mice were fed a casein‐, LFSMP‐, or high‐fat soy mixture powder (HFSMP)‐based diet for 4 months. Plasma and urine were subjected to a biochemical assay every 2–4 wk. Renal morphology and protein expression were evaluated by histochemical staining and western blots. Although HFSMP‐based diet showed no protective effect on DN. LFSMP‐fed mice exhibited lower water intake, urine output, and urinary albumin, and glucose excretion. Furthermore, strong preservation of renal structural proteins and low urinary N‐acetyl‐beta‐d‐glucosaminidase activity were observed in LFSMP‐fed mice, indicating alleviation of renal injury. LFSMP‐fed mice showed a lesser degree of mesangial matrix expansion, of tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and of myofibroblast differentiation. Finally, milder renal inflammation was found in LFSMP‐fed mice, as evidenced by a decrease in urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein‐ 1 excretion and lesser macrophage infiltration into the tubulointerstitium.ConclusionThe present data suggests that long‐term consumption of LFSMP but not HFSMP retards DN progression via suppressing renal injury, myofibroblast differentiation, and renal macrophage infiltration in diabetic condition.
Psychometric properties of the dimensional anxiety scales for DSM‐5 in a Brazilian community sample
Authors: DeSousa Diogo A. , Moreno André L. , Osório Flávia L. , Crippa José Alexandre S. , LeBeau Richard , Manfro Gisele G. , Salum Giovanni A. , Koller Silvia H. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe DSM‐5 highlights the use of dimensional assessments of mental health as a supplement to categorical diagnoses. This study investigated the psychometric properties of the DSM‐5 Dimensional Anxiety Scales in a Brazilian community sample. Dimensional scales for generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, and specific phobia were administered to 930 adults aged 18 to 70, 64.2% female. Psychometric properties investigated were: unidimensionality; measurement invariance; internal consistency; composite reliability; test–retest reliability; convergent and divergent validity; category thresholds and item performance analyses. Analyses revealed unidimensionality for all scales except for specific phobia. Measurement invariance, high internal consistency and composite reliability, and convergent and divergent validity were demonstrated. Test–retest reliability was high for all scales but generalized anxiety disorder. Item‐based analyses evidenced that none of the items were very easy to endorse and that the scales offered more information about subjects with high severity estimates of anxiety. The DSM‐5 Dimensional Anxiety Scales are a valid and reliable alternative to assess anxiety symptomatology in community settings, although further evaluation is needed, especially for specific phobia. The scales seem to be more useful for characterizing dimensionality of symptoms for subclinical or clinical cases than for slight or mildly anxious subjects.
Raising Seoul's global competitiveness: developing key performance indicators
Authors: Cho Seong‐Ho 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis paper develops a set of key performance indicators (KPIs) for Seoul city administration, inaugurated in 2006. Proper establishment and application of the KPIs into its administration would not only help in accomplishing municipal leadership's strategic initiations but also enhance Seoul's global competitiveness. At the same time, the KPIs can be a good communication tool through which the leadership and city customers can communicate with each other.
Genotypes and phenotypes of protein S deficiency in Thai children with thromboembolism
Authors: Komwilaisak Patcharee , Sasanakul Werasak , Chuansumrit Ampaiwan , Kanjanapongkul Somjai , Wangruangsathit Somporn , Lusawat Apasri , Charoenkwan Pimlak , Sirachainan Nongnuch 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe prevalence of protein S (PS) deficiency in Asian patients with venous thromboembolism is around 8–30%, higher than that in Caucasian populations. The present study reports the genotypes (including one novel mutation) and phenotypes of children with PS deficiency at a tertiary care institute. A total of six patients were included, three with arterial ischemic stroke, two with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, and one with deep vein thrombosis. PS mutations were identified in four patients: p.R355C, p.G336D, p.E67A, and p.N188KfsX9. p.N188KfsX9 is a novel mutation with less than 20% PS activity noted in heterozygotes.
Current controversies in prenatal diagnosis 2: for those women screened by NIPT using cell free DNA, maternal serum markers are obsolete
Authors: Yaron Yuval , Hyett Jon , Langlois Sylvie 
Published: October 2016

What's already known about this topic?

Multiple studies have shown a strong association between abnormal levels of serum markers used for aneuploidy screening and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Despite this strong association, given a low detection rate and high false positive rate, the predictive accuracy of these biomarkers still falls short of the ideal for clinically useful screening tests.
What does this study adds?

This report summarizes an oral debate presented at the 20th International Conference on Prenatal Diagnosis and Therapy in Berlin, Germany, on 12 July 2016.
The arguments for and against abandoning serum markers for the prediction of adverse obstetrical outcomes in women having had NIPT to screen for common aneuploidies are discussed.
Cu2ZnSnS4 photovoltaic cell with improved efficiency fabricated by high‐temperature annealing after CdS buffer‐layer deposition
Authors: Tajima Shin , Umehara Mitsutaro , Hasegawa Masaki , Mise Takahiro , Itoh Tadayoshi 
Published: October 2016

AbstractTo improve the photovoltaic properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) cells, we investigated the effect of both the thickness of the deposited CdS layers and the post‐annealing temperature following CdS deposition on the photovoltaic properties of CZTS cells using a two‐layer CZTS structure. By depositing a thin CdS layer (40 nm) followed by high temperature annealing (603 K), we observed a remarkable increase in the short‐circuit current density because of the enhancement of the external quantum efficiency in the wavelength range of 400–800 nm. The best CZTS cell exhibited a conversion efficiency of 9.4% in the active area (9.1% in the designated area). In addition, we also fabricated a CZTS cell with open‐circuit voltage of 0.80 V by appropriately tuning the composition of the CZTS layers. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation of the formation of the [2(iohexol) + Mg]2+ complex and its fragmentation in electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Guo Mengzhe , Yin Dengyang , Han Jie , Li Xiao , Zhang Liyan , Du Yan , Wang Haibo , Guo Cheng , Tang Daoquan 
Published: October 2016

RationaleMass spectrometry has been developed as one of the common tools for the analysis of the organometallic systems in the gas phase over decades. The study of the fragmentation of organics‐metal complexes has attracted much attention since the interesting dissociation pathways exhibited by these compounds are usually different from the protonated analogues.MethodsIn this work, iohexol complexed with different dications such as Mg2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ have been investigated by electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry. Additionally, deuterium‐labeling experiments and an analogue of iohexol were utilized to confirm the reaction mechanisms. A computational chemistry method was used to identify the coordination conformation between iohexol and metal ions in the gas phase. UV detection was also used to identify the interaction between iohexol and metal ions in the liquid phase.ResultsA special gas‐phase open‐loop reaction of iohexol induced by Mg2+, leading to the formation of [iohexol + Mg – H – HI ‐ C3H4O]+, was observed in the collision‐induced dissociation of [2(iohexol) + Mg]2+ complexes. Moreover, theoretical calculation shows the proposed coordination configuration of iohexol/Mg2+ complexes. The Mg2+ could have tetrahedral coordination with two iohexol molecules.ConclusionsThe percent study is a case for better understanding the formation of a typical organic/metal complex and its gas‐phase fragmentation reaction. In addition, it provides useful information for researchers working on analysis or structural elucidation of complicated compounds which contain the iohexol analogues. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Thermolysis of Ru3(CO)12 with Carboxylic Acids Revisited: Stepwise Assembly of Ru2 to Ru6 Cluster Frameworks
Authors: Yang Jindou D. , Wang Xian , Song Chengxin X. , Zhang Weiqiang Q. , Zhang Guofang F. , Gao Ziwei , Fan Juan , Sun Huaming M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThermolysis of Ru3(CO)12 with carboxylic acids directly accessed a large variety of low valence ruthenium carbonyl complexs. Under the conditions of the reaction firstly reported by J. Lewis, 3 equivalents of acids were employed to assembly sawhorse‐type dirutheniumtetra carbonyl complex. Six Ru3‐Ru6 ruthenium clusters were unexpectedly isolated in the reaction of Ru3(CO)12 with 1 equivalent of carboxylic acids under thermal condition. The reaction of Ru3(CO)12 with ten kind of carboxylic acids were systematically investigated. The reactions of Ru3(CO)12 with non‐coordinative carboxylic acids afforded β‐H2Ru4(CO)13 (2), Ru6(μ6‐C)(μ‐CO)(CO)16 (3) and then to Ru6(μ6‐C)(μ‐CO)(CO)13(η6‐C6H5CH3) (4), respectively. The further experiments indicated that the formation of 3 was attributed to the assembly of tetraruthenium carbonyl dihydrid 2 with polymeric sawhorse diruthenium intermediate [Ru2(CO)4(OOR)2]n (R= alkyl, aryl). The thermolysis of phenylpropiolic acid with Ru3(CO)12 unveiled an alternative pathway to access Ru6 skeleton. The triruthenium cluster [(μ‐H)Ru3(CO)9(μ3‐η2‐(⊥)‐C≡CC6H5)] (5) and butterfly tetraruthenium compound Ru4(CO)12(HC≡CC6H5) (6) were identified as the key intermediates in the construction of compound 3.
Objective‐driven process appraisals: an educational experiment
Authors: De Man Jozef 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSoftware improvement frameworks are often perceived to be expensive and oriented toward larger companies. It is also difficult to teach these frameworks to students who lack any experience with software development in a commercial setting. In this paper, we report experience with teaching software process improvement by using a series of small exercises that together establish a quick objective‐driven appraisal of a software organization. We show how the focus on practical results reinforces the educational value of the exercise by making it more engaging for students.