bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P27.30.B VALIDATING THE NEUROLOGIC ASSESSMENT IN NEURO-ONCOLOGY SCALE FOR VIRTUAL VISITS: A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Roberto K , Granovskaya I , Chan A , Theriault A , Mitchell S , Perry J , Nayak L , Lim-Fat M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The Neurological Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (NANO) scale is a tool used to objectively assess nine clinically relevant domains of neurological function in patients with brain tumors to complement radiographic assessment and other clinician and patient-reported outcomes. Virtual visits for brain tumor patients are feasible and can improve clinical trial access for patients. The use of NANO in virtual care has not been validated, and we aim to determine whether a virtual NANO (vNANO) assessment is a feasible and reproducible alternative to in-person NANO for patients with glioblastoma.

METHODS
The study is a single-centre prospective study designed to evaluate and validate a modified NANO assessment for virtual visits. Instructions for the vNANO assessment were formulated and verified by 4 different neurologists including 3 neuro-oncologists and 1 expert in virtual neurological care. As part of the study design, a virtual visit is scheduled within one week of the routine standard of care in-person clinic visit and is done over Zoom for Healthcare. vNANO is performed independently using the vNANO scorecard by two providers sequentially and separately to assess inter-observer variability. Both evaluators are blinded to the MRI results to limit bias. An in-person visit is scheduled within one week of vNANO, and a NANO is performed by the same first provider to assess intra-observer variability. The duration of the virtual and in-person assessments are captured. Patients and clinicians are asked to complete a telehealth satisfaction survey at the end of the in-person visit. The primary endpoints are to demonstrate that 1) an adapted vNANO assessment is feasible and 2) to determine inter- and intra-observer concordance between in-person and vNANO. The secondary endpoint is to assess patient and clinician satisfaction with virtual versus in-person visits.

RESULTS
Sixty patients with glioblastoma will be enrolled in the study and accrual is ongoing at the time of submission (&gt; 18 years old, English-speaking, KPS &gt; 60). Preliminary results indicate that vNANO is time efficient and feasible with all patients completing the vNANO assessments without significant logistical or technological difficulties to date.

CONCLUSION
Our study will compare in-person and virtual NANO assessments in glioblastoma patients. If validated, vNANO may be adopted for virtual visits in the context of clinical trials for glioblastoma patients. The study is funded by the Academic Health Science Centre Alternative Funding Plan Innovation Fund.
Valuing nature as urban health infrastructure: a pathway to a nature positive city
Authors: Kernaghan Sam , Sturgeon Amanda 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
‘Nature-positive’ is the term used to describe a city where nature—species and ecosystems—are being restored and regenerated rather than declining. Despite the provision of nature being elevated as a priority across Sydney (especially open space, trees and canopy cover), and despite new national Nature Positive legal reforms, there is not adequate investment in living infrastructure—trees, plants, parks and waterbodies—nor the measurement strategies to focus that investment where it is most needed. This lack of investment means we miss out on five key benefits of having more nature in urban areas: reduced heat and improved air quality; better climate resilience through mitigation of flooding, storms and sea level rise; increased mental health and happiness; enhanced biodiversity and reinforcing connected city systems as waterways and green spaces deliver carbon capture, water filtration and stormwater capture benefits. The solutions are in our hands—individually and collectively. There are many place-based opportunities for growing Sydney’s living infrastructure, from our own backyards and balconies, to parklands and pocket parks; from our streets, laneways and leftover spaces to infrastructure corridors, railways, rivers and waterways; from schools and hospitals, to the rooftops and facades of existing and new buildings across the city and the opportunity to protect and restore nature in greenfield development areas. To change how we value natural infrastructure across our city we need to: (i) enable community education and Indigenous knowledge by stepping up education and awareness programmes for communities, including establishing a Centre for Urban and Indigenous Ecology; (ii) set metropolitan and local targets for living infrastructure—not just trees—and monitor and evaluate progress towards those targets; (iii) manage living infrastructure as an asset, at all levels of government, and embed living infrastructure outcomes in public sector procurement systems; and (iv) drive structural investment in living infrastructure by introducing a green factor tool to incentivize new development; establishing a living infrastructure fund; and adopting a framework for valuing living infrastructure in major projects.
Advanced three-dimensional anatomical mapping of saphenous and inferior medial genicular nerve branching: enhancing precision in knee joint denervation
Authors: Yu Paula J , Loh Eldon , Agur Anne M R , Tran John 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Radiofrequency ablation is a common non-opioid treatment to manage chronic knee pain. The inferior medial genicular nerve is conventionally targeted. It has been suggested that the infrapatellar branch (saphenous nerve) should also be targeted. There is controversy regarding the contribution of the infrapatellar branch to the innervation of the knee joint capsule.

Objective
(1) Identify the frequency of the branching pattern(s) of the infrapatellar branch in three-dimensional (3D); (2) Assess spatial relationships of branches of infrapatellar branch to the inferior medial genicular nerve; (3) Determine if capturing infrapatellar branch could result in additional benefit to the existing protocol.

Design
Anatomical study.

Methods
The infrapatellar branch and inferior medial genicular nerve were serially dissected, digitized, and modelled in 3D in 7 specimens (mean age 91.3 ± 6.5; 2F/5M) and their relationship documented. The spatial relationship of the nerves was used to assess the anatomical efficacy of including the infrapatellar branch in the protocol.

Results
The infrapatellar branch is most frequently a cutaneous nerve. This nerve was variable and found to be unbranched or have 2-3 branches and in all specimens was located superficial to the branches of inferior medial genicular nerve. When the infrapatellar branch (1) coursed more distally, the strip lesion would not capture the infrapatellar branch but would capture inferior medial genicular nerve consistently; (2) overlapped with the inferior medial genicular nerve, the strip lesion would capture both nerves.

Conclusions
Proposed protocol targeting the infrapatellar branch is likely to capture the inferior medial genicular consistently regardless of the anatomical variation of the infrapatellar branch.
Using survey experiment pretesting to support future pandemic response
Authors: Tappin Ben M , Hewitt Luke B 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The world could witness another pandemic on the scale of COVID-19 in the future, prompting calls for research into how social and behavioral science can better contribute to pandemic response, especially regarding public engagement and communication. Here, we conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of a familiar tool from social and behavioral science that could potentially increase the impact of public communication: survey experiments. Specifically, we analyze whether a public health campaign that pays for a survey experiment to pretest and choose between different messages for its public outreach has greater impact in expectation than an otherwise-identical campaign that does not. The main results of our analysis are 3-fold. First, we show that the benefit of such pretesting depends heavily on the values of several key parameters. Second, via simulations and an evidence review, we find that a campaign that allocates some of its budget to pretesting could plausibly increase its expected impact; that is, we estimate that pretesting is cost-effective. Third, we find pretesting has potentially powerful returns to scale; for well-resourced campaigns, we estimate pretesting is robustly cost-effective, a finding that emphasizes the benefit of public health campaigns sharing resources and findings. Our results suggest survey experiment pretesting could cost-effectively increase the impact of public health campaigns in a pandemic, have implications for practice, and establish a research agenda to advance knowledge in this space.
Deep-learning CT imaging algorithm to detect usual interstitial pneumonia pattern in patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease: association with disease progression and survival
Authors: Stock Carmel J W , Nan Yang , Fang Yingying , Kokosi Maria , Kouranos Vasilios , George Peter M , Chua Felix , Jenkins Gisli R , Devaraj Anand , Desai Sujal R , Denton Christopher P , Wells Athol U , Walsh Simon L F , Renzoni Elisabetta A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most common cause of death in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), although disease behaviour is highly heterogeneous. While a usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern is associated with worse survival in other ILDs, its significance in SSc-ILD is unclear. We sought to assess the prognostic utility of a deep-learning high resolution CT (HRCT) algorithm of UIP probability in SSc-ILD.

Methods
Patients with SSc-ILD were included if HRCT images, concomitant lung function tests and follow-up data were available. We used the Systematic Objective Fibrotic Imaging analysis Algorithm (SOFIA), a convolution neural network algorithm that provides probabilities of a UIP pattern on HRCT images. These were converted into the Prospective Investigation of Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis (PIOPED)-based UIP probability categories. Decline in lung function was assessed by mixed-effect model analysis and relationship with survival by Cox proportional hazards analysis.

Results
Five hundred and twenty-two patients were included in the study; 19.5% were classified as UIP not in the differential, 53.5% as low probability of UIP, 25.7% as intermediate probability of UIP, and 1.3% as high probability of UIP. A higher likelihood of UIP probability expressed as PIOPED categories was associated with worse baseline forced vital capacity (FVC), as well as with decline in FVC (P = 0.008), and worse 15-year survival (P = 0.001), both independently of age, gender, ethnicity, smoking history and baseline FVC or Goh et al. staging system.

Conclusion
A higher probability of a SOFIA-determined UIP pattern is associated with more advanced ILD, disease progression and worse survival, suggesting that it may be a useful prognostic marker in SSc-ILD.
The crosstalk between primary MSCs and cancer cells in 2D and 3D cultures: potential therapeutic strategies and impact on drug resistance
Authors: Rehman Ayesha , Panda Sameer Kumar , Torsiello Martina , Marigliano Martina , Tufano Camilla Carmela , Nigam Aditya , Parveen Zahida , Papaccio Gianpaolo , La Noce Marcella 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) significantly influences cancer progression, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a crucial role in interacting with tumor cells via paracrine signaling, affecting behaviors such as proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. While conventional 2D culture models have provided valuable insights, they cannot fully replicate the complexity and diversity of the TME. Therefore, developing 3D culture systems that better mimic in vivo conditions is essential. This review delves into the heterogeneous nature of the TME, spotlighting MSC-tumor cellular signaling and advancements in 3D culture technologies. Utilizing MSCs in cancer therapy presents opportunities to enhance treatment effectiveness and overcome resistance mechanisms. Understanding MSC interactions within the TME and leveraging 3D culture models can advance novel cancer therapies and improve clinical outcomes. Additionally, this review underscores the therapeutic potential of engineered MSCs, emphasizing their role in targeted anti-cancer treatments.
TARDBP drives T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia progression by binding MDM2 mRNA, involving β‐catenin pathway
Authors: Mai Yumiao , Jing Zhaohe , Sun Pan , Wang Yingjie , Dong Pengpeng , Liu Jian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractT‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL) is a dangerous hematological malignancy. The trans‐activation response DNA binding protein (TARDBP), an RNA/DNA binding protein, is involved in the growth and metastasis of multiple cancers. However, TARDBP has not been reported in T‐ALL. It was found that TARDBP was highly expressed in pediatric T‐ALL samples by microarray GSE26713 (log2 fold change >1, p < .05). Herein, TARDBP was silenced and overexpressed by lentivirus transduction in T‐ALL cell lines, including Jurkat and Molt4 cells. In vitro, silencing TARDBP inhibited T‐ALL cell proliferation and cycle progression and accelerated cell apoptosis, while overexpressing TARDBP induced the opposite effects. In addition, we investigated whether the β‐catenin pathway could be activated by TARDBP in T‐ALL cells. Moreover, XAV‐939, a β‐catenin inhibitor, was capable of suppressing the malignant phenotypes in TARDBP‐overexpressed T‐ALL cells. In vivo, TARDBP‐silenced or TARDBP‐overexpressed T‐ALL cells were injected into mice. We found that TARDBP promoted T‐ALL cell growth in the spleens and bone marrows of mice. On the basis of GSE26713, there was a significant correlation between TARDBP and mouse double minute 2 (MDM2). The RIP‐PCR assay demonstrated that TARDBP bound MDM2 mRNA in T‐ALL cells. The rescue experiments further revealed the roles of the TARDBP/MDM2 axis in T‐ALL cell phenotypes, which was also reflected by mRNA‐seq. In aggregate, we explored a promising biomarker, TARDBP, for T‐ALL treatment. The underlying mechanisms might involve the interaction with MDM2 mRNA and the regulation of the β‐catenin pathway.
Acoustic- Versus Intelligibility-Based Assessment of Subjective Listening Difficulty Measured With the Repeat-Recall Test
Authors: Slugocki Christopher , Kuk Francis , Korhonen Petri 
Published: October 2024

Objectives:
To contrast interpretations of listening effort ratings when judged against acoustic- versus intelligibility-based normative references.

Design:
Existing data collected from 66 normal-hearing adult listeners, comprising 2730 trials of the Repeat-Recall Test, were used to establish norms of subjective listening effort ratings for six ranges of intelligibility. Data from 21 aided hearing-impaired listeners were then used to contrast intelligibility-based norms against acoustic-based norms when interpreting listening effort ratings measured in omnidirectional and directional microphone conditions.

Results:
Whereas acoustic-based norms effectively demonstrated reduced effort for directional versus omnidirectional microphone modes, intelligibility-based references controlled for listeners’ performance biases and improved the consistency with which subjective ratings were ranked across the two microphone conditions.

Conclusions:
The choice of normative reference should be carefully considered when judging listening effort ratings from hearing-impaired individuals against those of their normal-hearing peers. Whereas acoustic-based references may be more useful for evaluating the benefits of hearing aid technology, intelligibility-based references may be better suited to identifying listeners with poor subjective experiences for speech-in-noise related to factors beyond intelligibility.
Midface Projection Using Biostimulatory Poly-l-Lactic Acid Injectable Implant: A Subgroup Analysis of the Cheek Wrinkle Trial
Authors: Fabi Sabrina G. , Le Jennifer HTD. , Prygova Inna , Bråsäter Daniel 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
Correction of cheek wrinkles using poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA-SCA) was demonstrated in a 12-month study.

OBJECTIVE
This analysis assessed change from baseline in lifting effect of PLLA-SCA using a 3D camera to provide additional quantified data.

METHODS
Subjects received PLLA-SCA (reconstituted in 8 mL of sterile water + 1 mL of 2% lidocaine) in both cheeks or no treatment (control). Assessments included the Galderma Cheek Wrinkle Scale (GCWS), aesthetic improvement, and 3D photography. In subjects with severe GCWS at baseline, Canfield software analyzed 3D images for change from baseline in midface volume projection and volume change of both cheeks at Month 9.

RESULTS
The primary study showed a statistically significant higher at-rest GCWS responder rate at Month 12 for PLLA-SCA, 71.6%, versus control, 26.1% (p < .0001). In this Month 9 analysis, mean midface volume projection demonstrated a positive volume shift for PLLA-SCA (left: 0.45 mm; right: 0.34 mm; n = 46) versus control (left: 0.25 mm; right: −0.01 mm; n = 21). Midface volume and max projection changes for PLLA-SCA were +4.88 mL/+1.62 mm (left), +2.84 mL/+1.12 mm (right) versus +0.26 mL/+0.34 mm (left), +0.68 mL/+0.37 mm (right) for control.

CONCLUSION
Poly-l-lactic acid-treatment of subjects with severe GCWS had a clinically meaningful lifting effect in both cheeks (positive volume shift, positive volume change, and max projection) in the midface.

Clinical trial registry number
NCT04124692.
Intraneural Topography and Branching Patterns of the Common Peroneal Nerve: Studying the Feasibility of Distal Nerve Transfers
Authors: Le Elliot L.H. , Allenby Taylor H. , Fisher Marlie , Constantine Ryan S. , McNamara Colin T. , Barnhill Caleb , Engemann Anne , Merced-O’Neill Orlando , Iorio Matthew L. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Common peroneal nerve (CPN) disruption is the most common lower extremity nerve injury and results in gait disturbances and sensory paresthesias. The goal of this study is to describe branching patterns and the intraneural topography of the CPN to facilitate operative planning in CPN reconstruction.

Methods:
The CPN and its distal motor and sensory branches were dissected in 6 lower leg cadavers. Branching patterns and distances were recorded with the fibular head as the landmark. Histological review of the nerve cross sections helped characterize the intraneural topography within the fibular tunnel.

Results:
The CPN distal branching patterns were highly variable. The tibialis anterior motor branch was found on average 9.6 cm distal to the fibular head. Despite the variable branching patterns, the fascicular topography of the CPN within the fibular tunnel was consistent. Proximal to the tunnel, the nerve has 3 major fascicles, which include the superficial peroneal motor, common sensory, and deep peroneal motor (DPN) fascicles from lateral to medial. Within the tunnel, the topography consolidates into the superficial peroneal motor and DPN major divisions—motor axons anteriorly and sensory axons posteriorly.

Conclusions:
The data presented provide clinically relevant information for the peripheral nerve surgeon where fascicular reconstruction of the nerve and neurolysis should focus on the anterior half of the nerve to restore ankle dorsiflexion. The nerve proximally is divided into 3 major fascicles compared with 2 distally. Surgeons may consider distal nerve transfers from the tibial nerve motor branches to the DPN or tibialis anterior motor branch.
Modulating intestinal neuroimmune VIPergic signaling attenuates the reduction in ILC3-derived IL-22 and hepatic steatosis in MASLD
Authors: Nguyen Henry H. , Talbot Jhimmy , Li Dayi , Raghavan Varsha , Littman Dan R. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD, formerly known as NAFLD) is a major driver of cirrhosis and liver-related mortality. However, therapeutic options for MASLD, including prevention of liver steatosis, are limited. We previously described that vasoactive intestinal peptide–producing neurons (VIP-neurons) regulate the efficiency of intestinal dietary fat absorption and IL-22 production by type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) in the intestine. Given the described hepatoprotective role of IL-22, we hypothesize that modulation of this neuroimmune circuit could potentially be an innovative approach for the control of liver steatosis.

Methods:
We used a model of diet-induced MASLD by exposing mice to a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks, when the development of liver steatosis was first observed in our animals. We characterized IL-22 production by intestinal ILC3 at this dietary endpoint. We then evaluated whether communication between VIP-neurons and ILC3 affected IL-22 production and MASLD development by exposing mice with a conditional genetic deletion of Vipr2 in ILC3 (Rorc(t)

Cre

Vipr2

fl/fl
) to the HFD. We also performed intermittent global inhibition of VIP-neurons using a chemogenetic inhibitory approach (Vip

Ires-Cre

hM4Di

LSL
) in HFD-fed mice.

Results:
Production of IL-22 by intestinal ILC3 is reduced in steatotic mice that were exposed to an HFD for 16 weeks. Targeted deletion of VIP receptor 2 in ILC3 resulted in higher production of IL-22 in ILC3 and was associated with a significant reduction in liver steatosis in mice under HFD. Global inhibition of VIP-producing neurons also resulted in a significant reduction in liver steatosis.

Conclusions:
Modulating VIPergic neuroimmune signaling can ameliorate the development of hepatic steatosis induced by a surplus of fat ingestion in the diet. This neuroimmune pathway should be further investigated as a potential therapeutic avenue in MASLD.
FAK inhibition delays liver repair after acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury by suppressing hepatocyte proliferation and macrophage recruitment
Authors: Li Qing , Xu Qi , Shi Jialin , Dong Wei , Jin Junfei , Zhang Chong 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Overdose of acetaminophen (APAP), a commonly used antipyretic analgesic, can lead to severe liver injury and failure. Current treatments are only effective in the early stages of APAP-induced acute liver injury (ALI). Therefore, a detailed examination of the mechanisms involved in liver repair following APAP-induced ALI could provide valuable insights for clinical interventions.

Methods:
4D-label-free proteomics analysis was used to identify dysregulated proteins in the liver of APAP-treated mice. RNA-Seq, hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescence staining, quantitative PCR, western blotting, transwell were used to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Results:
Utilizing high throughput 4D-label-free proteomics analysis, we observed a notable increase in proteins related to the “focal adhesion” pathway in the livers of APAP-treated mice. Inhibiting focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation with a specific inhibitor, 1,2,4,5-Benzenetetraamine tetrahydrochloride (also called Y15), resulted in reduced macrophage numbers, delayed necrotic cell clearance, and inhibited liver cell proliferation in the necrotic regions of APAP-treated mice. RNA-Seq analysis demonstrated that Y15 downregulated genes associated with “cell cycle” and “phagosome” pathways in the livers of APAP-treated mice. Furthermore, blocking extracellular matrix (ECM)-integrin activation with a competitive peptide inhibitor, Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (GRGDS), suppressed FAK activation and liver cell proliferation without affecting macrophage recruitment to necrotic areas. Mechanistically, ECM-induced FAK activation upregulated growth-promoting cell cycle genes, leading to hepatocyte proliferation, while CCL2 enhanced FAK activation and subsequent macrophage recruitment via F-actin rearrangement.

Conclusions:
Overall, these findings underscore the pivotal role of FAK activation in liver repair post-APAP overdose by promoting liver cell proliferation and macrophage recruitment.