bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive function among long‐term survivors of heart transplantation
Authors: Bürker Britta S. , Gude Einar , Gullestad Lars , Grov Ingelin , Relbo Authen Anne , Andreassen Arne K. , Havik Odd E. , Dew Mary Amanda , Fiane Arnt E. , Haraldsen Ira R. , Malt Ulrik F. , Andersson Stein 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundCognitive impairment is documented early after heart transplantation (HTx), but we lack data on cognitive function beyond the fourth year post‐transplant. Against the background of good long‐term survival, this knowledge is necessary to improve clinical care throughout the entire post‐transplant period.MethodsWe assessed cognitive function with a neuropsychological test battery in a sample of HTx recipients ≥16 years post‐transplant. To improve clinical utility, we also applied adapted consensus criteria for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Furthermore, we explored sociodemographic and clinical characteristics possibly related to cognitive function.ResultsThirty‐seven subjects were included 20.3 (±3.8) years after HTx. Mean age was 57.5 (±14.2) years, and 18.9% were women. Up to 38.9% exhibited impaired test performance (ie, performance at least 1.5 standard deviations below the normative mean) on several individual cognitive measures, especially on measures of processing speed, executive functions, memory, and language functions. One subject was diagnosed with dementia, and 30.1% qualified for MCI. Those with MCI had lower hemoglobin than those without.ConclusionsA substantial proportion of long‐term survivors of HTx might be cognitively impaired. The level of impairment appears comparable to what is defined as MCI in the literature. Modifiable factors related to cognitive impairment might exist.
Multicenter prospective evaluation study of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided hepaticogastrostomy combined with antegrade stenting (with video)
Authors: Ogura Takeshi , Kitano Masayuki , Takenaka Mamoru , Okuda Atsushi , Minaga Kosuke , Yamao Kentaro , Yamashita Yukitaka , Hatamaru Keiichi , Noguchi Chishio , Gotoh Yasuhiko , Kuroda Taira , Yokota Tomoyuki , Nishikiori Hidefumi , Sagami Ryota , Higuchi Kazuhide , Chiba Yasutaka 
Published: October 2017

Background and AimEndoscopic ultrasonography‐guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS‐HGS) is often indicated for advanced stage patients. Therefore it is important to prevent adverse events associated with EUS‐HGS procedures and obtain long stent patency. EUS‐guided antegrade stenting (AS) has been developed as an advanced technique. Thus, to prevent adverse events and achieve long stent patency, EUS‐AS combined with EUS‐HGS (EUS‐HGAS) has been reported. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the technical feasibility and efficacy of EUS‐HGAS in a multicenter, prospective study.MethodsThis prospective study was carried out at each hospital of the Therapeutic Endoscopic Ultrasound Group. Primary endpoint of this multicenter prospective study was stent patency of EUS‐HGAS.ResultsA total of 49 patients were enrolled. Technical success rate of EUS‐HGS was 95.9% (47/49). EUS‐AS failed in five patients because the guidewire could not be advanced into the intestine across the bile duct obstruction site. Therefore, EUS‐HGAS was successfully carried out in 40 patients (technical success rate: 85.7%). Median overall survival was 114 days. Median stent patency including stent dysfunction and patient death was 114 days. In contrast, mean stent patency was 320 days. Adverse events were seen in 10.2% (5/49) of cases. Hyperamylasemia was seen in four patients, and bleeding was seen in one patient.ConclusionsThe present study is the first to evaluate EUS‐HGAS. EUS‐HGAS has clinical benefit for obtaining long stent patency and avoiding adverse events, although the possibility of acute pancreatitis as a result of obstruction of the orifice of the pancreatic duct must be considered.
Focal cortical malformations in children with early infantile epilepsy and PCDH19 mutations: case report
Authors: Kurian Mary , Korff Christian M , Ranza Emmanuelle , Bernasconi Andrea , Lübbig Anja , Nangia Srishti , Ramelli Gian Paolo , Wohlrab Gabriele , Nordli Douglas R , Bast Thomas 
Published: October 2017

In this case report we assess the occurrence of cortical malformations in children with early infantile epilepsy associated with variants of the gene protocadherin 19 (PCDH19). We describe the clinical course, and electrographic, imaging, genetic, and neuropathological features in a cohort of female children with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. All five children (mean age 10y) had an early onset of epilepsy during infancy and a predominance of fever sensitive seizures occurring in clusters. Cognitive impairment was noted in four out of five patients. Radiological evidence of cortical malformations was present in all cases and, in two patients, validated by histology. Sanger sequencing and Multiplex Ligation‐dependent Probe Amplification analysis of PCDH19 revealed pathogenic variants in four patients. In one patient, array comparative genomic hybridization showed a microdeletion encompassing PCDH19. We propose molecular testing and analysis of PCDH19 in patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy, with onset in early infancy, seizures in clusters, and fever sensitivity. Structural lesions are to be searched in patients with PCDH19 pathogenic variants. Further, PCDH19 analysis should be considered in epilepsy surgery evaluation even in the presence of cerebral structural lesions.What this paper adds

Focal cortical malformations and monogenic epilepsy syndromes may coexist.

Structural lesions are to be searched for in patients with protocadherin 19 (PCDH19) pathogenic variants with refractory focal seizures.
Type 2 diabetes remission 2 years post Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy: the role of the weight loss and comparison of DiaRem and DiaBetter scores
Authors: Pucci A. , Tymoszuk U. , Cheung W. H. , Makaronidis J. M. , Scholes S. , Tharakan G. , Elkalaawy M. , Guimaraes M. , Nora M. , Hashemi M. , Jenkinson A. , Adamo M. , Monteiro M. P. , Finer N. , Batterham R. L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimsThe comparative efficacy of Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy on Type 2 diabetes remission and the role of weight loss are unclear. The DiaRem diabetes remission prediction score uses HbA1c, age and diabetes medications but not diabetes duration. The aim of this study was to compare the DiaRem with the DiaBetter score that includes diabetes duration, upon combined (complete plus partial) 2‐year post‐surgery diabetes remission in people following RYGB and sleeve gastrectomy, and to investigate the relationship between weight loss and diabetes remission.MethodsA retrospective single‐centre cohort study of obese people with diabetes who underwent RYGB (107) or sleeve gastrectomy (103) and a validation cohort study (173) were undertaken. Diabetes remission, % weight loss, DiaRem, DiaBetter scores and areas under receiving operator characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated. The relationship between % weight loss and diabetes remission was investigated using logistic regression.ResultsThe proportion of people achieving diabetes remission was highest for those with the lowest DiaBetter and DiaRem scores. Areas under the ROC curves were comparable [DiaBetter: 0.867 (95%CI: 0.817–0.916); DiaRem: 0.865 (95%CI: 0.814–0.915), P=0.856]. Two‐year % weight loss was higher post RYGB [26.6 (95%CI: 24.8–28.4)] vs post‐sleeve gastrectomy [20.6 (95%CI: 18.3–22.8), P<0.001]. RYGB had 151% higher odds of diabetes remission [OR 2.51 (95%CI: 1.12–5.60), P=0.025]. This association became non‐significant when adjusted for % weight loss.ConclusionDiaBetter and DiaRem scores predict diabetes remission following both procedures. Two‐year % weight loss plays a key role in determining diabetes remission.
How house price appreciation affects homeowners' labour force participation
Authors: Zhao Jianmei , Liu Lin , Liu Ruihan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper investigates the effects of house price appreciation on homeowners' labour force participation (LFP). Although economic theories predict that housing capital gains will reduce labour supply, empirical evidence from urban China revealed that house price appreciation significantly boosts homeowners' LFP. Heterogeneous analyses indicate that LFP behaviour is more likely to be affected by house price appreciation for female and younger homeowners. Furthermore, homeowners living in provinces with greater house price appreciation tend to be more active in job participation than those living in provinces with lower price appreciation.
The neural oscillations of speech processing and language comprehension: state of the art and emerging mechanisms
Authors: Meyer Lars 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNeural oscillations subserve a broad range of functions in speech processing and language comprehension. On the one hand, speech contains—somewhat—repetitive trains of air pressure bursts that occur at three dominant amplitude modulation frequencies, physically marking the linguistically meaningful progressions of phonemes, syllables and intonational phrase boundaries. To these acoustic events, neural oscillations of isomorphous operating frequencies are thought to synchronise, presumably resulting in an implicit temporal alignment of periods of neural excitability to linguistically meaningful spectral information on the three low‐level linguistic description levels. On the other hand, speech is a carrier signal that codes for high‐level linguistic meaning, such as syntactic structure and semantic information—which cannot be read from stimulus acoustics, but must be acquired during language acquisition and decoded for language comprehension. Neural oscillations subserve the processing of both syntactic structure and semantic information. Here, I synthesise a mapping from each linguistic processing domain to a unique set of subserving oscillatory mechanisms—the mapping is plausible given the role ascribed to different oscillatory mechanisms in different subfunctions of cortical information processing and faithful to the underlying electrophysiology. In sum, the present article provides an accessible and extensive review of the functional mechanisms that neural oscillations subserve in speech processing and language comprehension.
Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert attenuates early EEG components associated with defective sensory gating in patients with Alzheimer disease – a two‐case study
Authors: Dürschmid Stefan , Reichert Christoph , Kuhn Jens , Freund Hans‐Joachim , Hinrichs Hermann , Heinze Hans‐Jochen 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAlzheimer′s disease (AD) is associated with deterioration of memory and cognitive function and a degeneration of neurons of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM). The NBM is the major input source of acetylcholine (ACh) to the cortex. The decreasing cholinergic innervation of the cortex due to degeneration of the NBM might be the cause of loss of memory function. NBM‐Deep brain stimulation (NBM‐DBS) is considered to serve as a potential therapeutic option for patients with AD by supporting residual cholinergic transmission to stabilize oscillatory activity in memory‐relevant circuits. However, whether DBS could improve sensory memory functions in patients with AD is not clear. Here, in a passive auditory oddball paradigm, patients with AD (N = 2) listened to repetitive background tones (standard tones) randomly interrupted by frequency deviants in two blocks with NBM‐DBS OFF and then NBM‐DBS ON, while age‐matched healthy controls (N = 6) repeated the experiment twice. The mismatch negativity in NBM‐DBS OFF significantly differed from controls in both blocks, but not under NBM‐DBS, which was likely due to a pronounced P50 increase overlapping with the N1 in NBM‐DBS OFF. This early complex of EEG components recovered under stimulation to a normal level as defined by responses in controls. In this temporal interval, we found in patients with NBM‐DBS ON (but not with NBM‐DBS OFF) and in controls a strong repetition suppression effect to standard tones – with more attenuated responses to frequently repeated standard tones. This highlights the role of NBM‐DBS for sensory gating of familiar auditory information into sensory memory.
Substance P and dopamine interact to modulate the distribution of delta‐opioid receptors on cholinergic interneurons in the striatum
Authors: Heath Emily , Chieng Billy , Christie Macdonald J. , Balleine Bernard W. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIt has been recently demonstrated that predictive learning induces a persistent accumulation of delta‐opioid receptors (DOPrs) at the somatic membrane of cholinergic interneurons (CINs) in the nucleus accumbens shell (Nac‐S). This accumulation is required for predictive learning to influence subsequent choice between goal‐directed actions. The current experiments investigated the local neurochemical events responsible for this translocation. We found that (1) local administration of substance P into multiple striatal sub‐territories induced DOPr translocation and (2) that this effect was mediated by the NK1 receptor, likely through its expression on CINs. Interestingly, whereas intrastriatal infusion of the D1 agonist chloro‐APB reduced the DOPr translocation on CINs and infusion of the D2 agonist quinpirole had no effect, co‐administration of both agonists again generated DOPr translocation, suggesting the effect of the D1 agonist alone was due to receptor internalisation. In support of this, local administration of cocaine was found to increase DOPr translocation as was chloro‐APB when co‐administered with the DOPr antagonist naltrindole. These studies provide the first evidence of delta‐opioid receptor translocation in striatal cholinergic interneurons outside of the accumbens shell and suggest that, despite differences in local striatal neurochemical microenvironments, a similar molecular mechanism – involving an interaction between dopamine and SP signalling via NK1R – regulates DOPr translocation in multiple striatal regions. To our knowledge, this represents a novel mechanism by which DOPr distribution is regulated that may be particularly relevant to learning‐induced DOPr trafficking.
Effects of riparian vegetation width and substrate type on riffle beetle community structure
Authors: Braun Bruna M. , Pires Mateus M. , Stenert Cristina , Maltchik Leonardo , Kotzian Carla B. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractRiffle beetle community structure is influenced by the preservation condition of stream riparian vegetation. Though, the width of riparian vegetation required to ensure conservation of stream insect communities is still controversial. Effects of alterations in riparian vegetation widths on stream insect community structure can be overcame by other environmental variables, like substrate type, hindering accurate assessments. We tested the effects of different riparian vegetation widths (>40, 30–15, 15–5 and <5 m) along with different substrate types (inorganic and organic) on riffle beetle community structure in southern Brazilian 4th‐ to 5th‐order streams. Riparian buffer widths and substrate types influenced riffle beetle community structure, but no interaction between them was observed. Reduced riparian vegetation widths downstream were associated with changes in riffle beetle dominant genera (Macrelmis predominated only in streams with narrowest riparian widths). Additionally, communities in organic substrates had lower equitability and different dominant genera (Hexacylloepus and Heterelmis) than inorganic ones. Our results showed that reductions in riparian vegetation were associated with water pollution and changes in riffle beetle community structure, suggesting that buffer strips narrower than 5 m are not adequate to maintain environmental integrity of southern Brazilian streams. These results have special importance for the conservation of stream insects in Brazil, as reductions up to less than 5 m in stream banks of small properties are allowed by the new Brazilian Forest Code, independently of stream order.
Positive predictive values of peripheral arterial and venous thrombosis codes in French hospital database
Authors: Prat Mandy , Derumeaux Hélène , Sailler Laurent , Lapeyre‐Mestre Maryse , Moulis Guillaume 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFrench hospital database, called Programme de Médicalisation des Systèmes d'Information (PMSI), covers all hospital stays in France (>66 million inhabitants). The aim of this study was to estimate the positive predictive values (PPVs) of primary diagnosis codes of peripheral arterial and venous thrombosis codes in the PMSI, encoded with the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision. Data were extracted from the PMSI database of Toulouse University Hospital, south of France. We identified all the hospital stays in 2015 with a code of peripheral arterial or venous thrombosis as primary diagnosis. We randomly selected 100 stays for each category of thrombosis and reviewed the corresponding medical charts. The PPV of peripheral arterial thrombosis codes was 83.0%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 73.9–89.1, and the PPV of correct location of thrombosis was 81.0%, 95% CI: 72.2–87.5. The PPV of pulmonary embolism was 99.0%, 95% CI: 93.8–99.9. The PPV of peripheral venous thrombosis was 95.0%, 95% CI: 88.2–98.1, and the PPV of correct location of thrombosis was 85.0%, 95% CI: 76.7–90.7. Primary diagnoses of peripheral arterial and venous thrombosis demonstrated good PPVs in the PMSI.
Drug monitoring of sunitinib in patients with advanced solid tumors: a monocentric observational French study
Authors: Cabel Luc , Blanchet Benoit , Thomas‐Schoemann Audrey , Huillard Olivier , Bellesoeur Audrey , Cessot Anatole , Giroux Julie , Boudou‐Rouquette Pascaline , Coriat Romain , Vidal Michel , Saidu Nathaniel E. B. , Golmard Lisa , Alexandre Jérome , Goldwasser Francois 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTherapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) could be helpful in oral targeted therapies. Data are sparse to evaluate its impact on treatment management. This study aimed to determine a threshold value of plasma drug exposure associated with the occurrence of grade 3–4 toxicity, then the potential impact of TDM on clinical decision. Consecutive outpatients treated with sunitinib were prospectively monitored between days 21 and 28 of the first cycle, then monthly until disease progression. At each consultation, the composite AUCƬ,ss (sunitinib + active metabolite SU12662) was assayed. The decisions taken during each consultation were matched with AUCƬ,ss and compared to the decisional algorithm based on TDM. A total of 105 cancer patients and 288 consultations were matched with the closest AUCƬ,ss measurement. The majority (60%) of the patients had metastatic renal clear‐cell carcinoma (mRCC). Fifty‐five (52%) patients experienced grade 3–4 toxicity. Multivariate analysis identified composite AUCƬ,ss as a parameter independently associated with grade 3–4 toxicity (P < 0.0001). Using the ROC curve, the threshold value of composite AUCƬ,ss predicting grade ≥3 toxicity was 2150 ng/mL/h (CI 95%, 0.6–0.79%; P < 0.0001). At disease progression in patients with mRCC, AUCƬ,ss tended to be lower than the one assayed during the first cycle (1678 vs. 2004 ng/mL/h, respectively, P = 0.072). TDM could have changed the medical decision for sunitinib dosing in 30% of patients at the first cycle of treatment, and in 46% of the patients over the whole treatment course. TDM is routinely feasible and may both contribute to improve toxicity management and to identify sunitinib underexposure at the time of disease progression.
Matrix approach to land carbon cycle modeling: A case study with the Community Land Model
Authors: Huang Yuanyuan , Lu Xingjie , Shi Zheng , Lawrence David , Koven Charles D. , Xia Jianyang , Du Zhenggang , Kluzek Erik , Luo Yiqi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe terrestrial carbon (C) cycle has been commonly represented by a series of C balance equations to track C influxes into and effluxes out of individual pools in earth system models (ESMs). This representation matches our understanding of C cycle processes well but makes it difficult to track model behaviors. It is also computationally expensive, limiting the ability to conduct comprehensive parametric sensitivity analyses. To overcome these challenges, we have developed a matrix approach, which reorganizes the C balance equations in the original ESM into one matrix equation without changing any modeled C cycle processes and mechanisms. We applied the matrix approach to the Community Land Model (CLM4.5) with vertically‐resolved biogeochemistry. The matrix equation exactly reproduces litter and soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics of the standard CLM4.5 across different spatial‐temporal scales. The matrix approach enables effective diagnosis of system properties such as C residence time and attribution of global change impacts to relevant processes. We illustrated, for example, the impacts of CO2 fertilization on litter and SOC dynamics can be easily decomposed into the relative contributions from C input, allocation of external C into different C pools, nitrogen regulation, altered soil environmental conditions, and vertical mixing along the soil profile. In addition, the matrix tool can accelerate model spin‐up, permit thorough parametric sensitivity tests, enable pool‐based data assimilation, and facilitate tracking and benchmarking of model behaviors. Overall, the matrix approach can make a broad range of future modeling activities more efficient and effective.
Ecosystem state shifts during long‐term development of an Amazonian peatland
Authors: Swindles Graeme T. , Morris Paul J. , Whitney Bronwen , Galloway Jennifer M. , Gałka Mariusz , Gallego‐Sala Angela , Macumber Andrew L. , Mullan Donal , Smith Mark W. , Amesbury Matthew J. , Roland Thomas P. , Sanei Hamed , Patterson R. Timothy , Sanderson Nicole , Parry Lauren , Charman Dan J. , Lopez Omar , Valderamma Elvis , Watson Elizabeth J. , Ivanovic Ruza F. , Valdes Paul J. , Turner T. Edward , Lähteenoja Outi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe most carbon (C)‐dense ecosystems of Amazonia are areas characterized by the presence of peatlands. However, Amazonian peatland ecosystems are poorly understood and are threatened by human activities. Here, we present an investigation into long‐term ecohydrological controls on C accumulation in an Amazonian peat dome. This site is the oldest peatland yet discovered in Amazonia (peat initiation ca. 8.9 ka BP), and developed in three stages: (i) peat initiated in an abandoned river channel with open water and aquatic plants; (ii) inundated forest swamp; and (iii) raised peat dome (since ca. 3.9 ka BP). Local burning occurred at least three times in the past 4,500 years. Two phases of particularly rapid C accumulation (ca. 6.6–6.1 and ca. 4.9–3.9 ka BP), potentially resulting from increased net primary productivity, were seemingly driven by drier conditions associated with widespread drought events. The association of drought phases with major ecosystem state shifts (open water wetland–forest swamp–peat dome) suggests a potential climatic control on the developmental trajectory of this tropical peatland. A third drought phase centred on ca. 1.8–1.1 ka BP led to markedly reduced C accumulation and potentially a hiatus during the peat dome stage. Our results suggest that future droughts may lead to phases of rapid C accumulation in some inundated tropical peat swamps, although this can lead ultimately to a shift to ombrotrophy and a subsequent return to slower C accumulation. Conversely, in ombrotrophic peat domes, droughts may lead to reduced C accumulation or even net loss of peat. Increased surface wetness at our site in recent decades may reflect a shift towards a wetter climate in western Amazonia. Amazonian peatlands represent important carbon stores and habitats, and are important archives of past climatic and ecological information. They should form key foci for conservation efforts.