bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of limb amputation on standing weight distribution in the remaining three limbs in dogs
Authors: Millis Darryl , Cole Grayson 
Published: December 2016

SummaryDespite the fact that limb amputation is a commonly performed procedure in veterinary medicine, quantitative data regarding outcomes are lacking. The intention of this study was to evaluate the effect of limb amputation on weight distribution to the remaining three limbs at a stance in dogs. Ten dogs with a prior forelimb amputation and ten dogs with a prior hindlimb amputation; all of which had no history of orthopaedic or neural disease in the remaining three limbs were included in the study. Standing weight bearing was evaluated with a commercial stance analyzer in all dogs. Five valid trials were obtained and a mean percentage of weight bearing was calculated for each remaining limb. The dogs with a previous forelimb amputation, and also those with a previous hindlimb amputation, had the largest mean increase in weight bearing in the contra -lateral forelimb. In conclusion, proactive monitoring of orthopaedic disease in the contralateral forelimb may be advisable in dogs with a previous limb amputation. In addition, when determining candidacy for a limb amputation, disease of the contralateral forelimb should be thoroughly evaluated.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.3415/VCOT-16-05-0075
REVISION OF STELLAR INTRINSIC COLORS IN THE INFRARED BY SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEYS
Authors: Jian Mingjie , Gao Shuang , Zhao He , Jiang Biwei 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Intrinsic colors of normal stars are derived in the popularly used infrared bands involving the Two Micron All-Sky Survey/JHK

S
, Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Spitzer/IRAC, and AKARI/S9W filters. Based on three spectroscopic surveys—LAMOST, RAVE, and APOGEE, stars are classified into groups of giants and dwarfs, as well as metal-normal and metal-poor stars. An empirical analytical relation of the intrinsic color is obtained with stellar effective temperature

for each group of stars after the zero-reddening stars are selected from the blue edge in the

versus

diagram. It is found that metallicity has little effect on the infrared colors. In the near-infrared bands, our results agree with previous work. In addition, the color indexes

and

, which are taken as constant to calculate interstellar extinction, are discussed. The intrinsic colors of M-type stars are derived separately due to the lack of accurate measurement of their effective temperature.
THE EFFECTS OF DARK MATTER ANNIHILATION ON COSMIC REIONIZATION
Authors: Kaurov Alexander A. , Hooper Dan , Gnedin Nickolay Y. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We revisit the possibility of constraining the properties of dark matter (DM) by studying the epoch of cosmic reionization. Previous studies have shown that DM annihilation was unlikely to have provided a large fraction of the photons which ionized the universe, but instead played a subdominant role relative to stars and quasars. The DM might, however, have begun to efficiently annihilate with the formation of primordial microhalos at z ∼ 100–200, much earlier than the formation of the first stars. Therefore, if DM annihilation ionized the universe at even the percent level over the interval z ∼ 20–100, it could leave a significant imprint on the global optical depth, τ. Moreover, we show that cosmic microwave background polarization data and future 21 cm measurements will enable us to more directly probe the DM contribution to the optical depth. In order to compute the annihilation rate throughout the epoch of reionization, we adopt the latest results from structure formation studies and explore the impact of various free parameters on our results. We show that future measurements could make it possible to place constraints on the DM’s annihilation cross-sections, which are at a level comparable to those obtained from the observations of dwarf galaxies, cosmic-ray measurements, and studies of recombination.
SPATIAL VARIATIONS OF PAH PROPERTIES IN M17SW REVEALED BY SPITZER/IRS SPECTRAL MAPPING
Authors: Yamagishi M. , Kaneda H. , Ishihara D. , Oyabu S. , Suzuki T. , Onaka T. , Nagayama T. , Umemoto T. , Minamidani T. , Nishimura A. , Matsuo M. , Fujita S. , Tsuda Y. , Kohno M. , Ohashi S. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We present Spitzer/IRS mid-infrared spectral maps of the Galactic star-forming region M17 as well as IRSF/SIRIUS Brγ and Nobeyama 45 m/FOREST 13CO (J = 1–0) maps. The spectra show prominent features due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at wavelengths of 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, 11.3, 12.0, 12.7, 13.5, and 14.2 μm. We find that the PAH emission features are bright in the region between the H ii region traced by Brγ and the molecular cloud traced by 13CO, supporting that the PAH emission originates mostly from photo-dissociation regions. Based on the spatially resolved Spitzer/IRS maps, we examine spatial variations of the PAH properties in detail. As a result, we find that the interband ratio of PAH 7.7 μm/PAH 11.3 μm varies locally near M17SW, but rather independently of the distance from the OB stars in M17, suggesting that the degree of PAH ionization is mainly controlled by local conditions rather than the global UV environments determined by the OB stars in M17. We also find that the interband ratios of the PAH 12.0 μm, 12.7 μm, 13.5 μm, and 14.2 μm features to the PAH 11.3 μm feature are high near the M17 center, which suggests structural changes of PAHs through processing due to intense UV radiation, producing abundant edgy irregular PAHs near the M17 center.
ON HELIUM MIXING IN QUASI-GLOBAL SIMULATIONS OF THE INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM
Authors: Berlok Thomas , Pessah Martin E. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
The assumption of a spatially uniform helium distribution in the intracluster medium (ICM) can lead to biases in the estimates of key cluster parameters if composition gradients are present. The helium concentration profile in galaxy clusters is unfortunately not directly observable. Current models addressing the putative sedimentation are one-dimensional and parametrize the presence of magnetic fields in a crude way, ignoring the weakly collisional, magnetized nature of the medium. When these effects are considered, a wide variety of instabilities can play an important role in the plasma dynamics. In a series of recent papers, we have developed the local, linear theory of these instabilities and addressed their nonlinear development with a modified version of Athena. Here, we extend our study by developing a quasi-global approach that we use to simulate the mixing of helium as induced by generalizations of the heat-flux-driven buoyancy instability (HBI) and the magnetothermal instability, which feed off thermal and composition gradients. In the inner region of the ICM, mixing can occur over a few gigayears, after which the average magnetic field inclination angle is ∼30°–50°, resulting in an averaged Spitzer parameter higher by about 20% than the value obtained in homogeneous simulations. In the cluster outskirts the instabilities are rather inefficient, due to the shallow gradients. This suggests that composition gradients in cluster cores might be shallower than one-dimensional models predict. More quantitative statements demand more refined models that can incorporate the physics driving the sedimentation process and simultaneously account for the weakly collisional nature of the plasma.
RESOLVING MICROLENSING EVENTS WITH TRIGGERED VLBI
Authors: Karami Mansour , Broderick Avery E. , Rahvar Sohrab , Reid Mark 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Microlensing events provide a unique capacity to study the stellar remnant population of the Galaxy. Optical microlensing suffers from a near-complete degeneracy between mass, velocity, and distance. However, a subpopulation of lensed stars, Mira variable stars, are also radio-bright, exhibiting strong SiO masers. These are sufficiently bright and compact to permit direct imaging using existing very long baseline interferometers such as the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA). We show that these events are relatively common, occurring at a rate of

of which

are associated with Galactic black holes. Features in the associated images, e.g., the Einstein ring, are sufficiently well resolved to fully reconstruct the lens properties, enabling the measurement of mass, distance, and tangential velocity of the lensing object to a precision better than 15%. Future radio microlensing surveys conducted with upcoming radio telescopes combined with modest improvements in the VLBA could increase the rate of Galactic black hole events to roughly 10

, sufficient to double the number of known stellar mass black holes in a couple of years, and permitting the construction of distribution functions of stellar mass black hole properties.
THE PALOMAR TRANSIENT FACTORY AND RR LYRAE: THE METALLICITY–LIGHT CURVE RELATION BASED ON AB-TYPE RR LYRAE IN THE KEPLER FIELD
Authors: Ngeow Chow-Choong , Yu Po-Chieh , Bellm Eric , Yang Ting-Chang , Chang Chan-Kao , Miller Adam , Laher Russ , Surace Jason , Ip Wing-Huen 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
The wide-field synoptic sky surveys, known as the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) and the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF), will accumulate a large number of known and new RR Lyrae. These RR Lyrae are good tracers to study the substructure of the Galactic halo if their distance, metallicity, and galactocentric velocity can be measured. Candidates of halo RR Lyrae can be identified from their distance and metallicity before requesting spectroscopic observations for confirmation. This is because both quantities can be obtained via their photometric light curves, because the absolute V-band magnitude for RR Lyrae is correlated with metallicity, and the metallicity can be estimated using a metallicity–light curve relation. To fully utilize the PTF and iPTF light-curve data in related future work, it is necessary to derive the metallicity–light curve relation in the native PTF/iPTF R-band photometric system. In this work, we derived such a relation using the known ab-type RR Lyrae located in the Kepler field, and it is found to be

(where P is pulsational period and

is one of the Fourier parameters describing the shape of the light curve), with a dispersion of 0.118 dex. We tested our metallicity–light curve relation with new spectroscopic observations of a few RR Lyrae in the Kepler field, as well as several data sets available in the literature. Our tests demonstrated that the derived metallicity–light curve relation could be used to estimate metallicities for the majority of the RR Lyrae, which are in agreement with the published values.
Stiffness Is the Cardinal Symptom of Inflammatory Musculoskeletal Diseases, Yet Still Variably Measured: Report from the OMERACT 2016 Stiffness Special Interest Group
Authors: Halls Serena , Sinnathurai Premarani , Hewlett Sarah , Mackie Sarah L. , March Lyn , Bartlett Susan J. , Bingham Clifton O. , Alten Rieke , Campbell Ina , Hill Catherine L. , Holt Robert J. , Hughes Rod , Kirwan John R. , Leong Amye L. , Leung Ying Ying , Lyddiatt Anne , Neill Lorna , Orbai Ana-Maria 
Published: December 2016

Objective.The objectives of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Stiffness special interest group (SIG) are to characterize stiffness as an outcome in rheumatic disease and to identify and validate a stiffness patient-reported outcome (PRO) in rheumatology.Methods.At OMERACT 2016, international groups presented and discussed results of several concurrent research projects on stiffness: a literature review of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) stiffness PRO measures, a qualitative investigation into the RA and polymyalgia rheumatica patient perspective of stiffness, data-driven stiffness conceptual model development, development and testing of an RA stiffness PRO measure, and a quantitative work testing stiffness items in patients with RA and psoriatic arthritis.Results.The literature review identified 52 individual stiffness PRO measures assessing morning or early morning stiffness severity/intensity or duration. Items were heterogeneous, had little or inconsistent psychometric property evidence, and did not appear to have been developed according to the PRO development guidelines. A poor match between current stiffness PRO and the conceptual model identifying the RA patient experience of stiffness was identified, highlighting a major flaw in PRO selection according to the OMERACT filter 2.0.Conclusion.Discussions within the Stiffness SIG highlighted the importance of further research on stiffness and defined a research agenda.
Imputabilité dans l’Union européenne post-Lisbonne
Authors: Brandsma Gijs Jan , Heidbreder Eva G. , Mastenbroek Ellen 
Published: December 2016

Ce numéro spécial 2 dresse un bilan des récents ajouts post-Lisbonne aux outils d’imputabilité de l’UE. Il montre que les outils de prise de décision plus anciens tendraient à être plus imputables que les nouveaux, et que dans certains secteurs la prise de décision se déplace vers des cercles moins imputables. Le présent article introductif analyse le débat relatif à l’évolution graduelle du système d’imputabilité de l’UE et présente des aspects clés de l’ère post-Lisbonne susceptibles d’affecter l’imputabilité dans l’UE, et qui ont été négligés par la littérature jusqu’à présent : actes délégués, gouvernance économique, et évaluations réglementaires. Les contributions à cette édition spéciale examinent chacun de ces domaines en détail et montrent dans quelle mesure l’imputabilité a été améliorée. Une contribution finale démontre comment ces dispositifs s’inscrivent dans le tableau plus vaste des imputabilités UE existantes, et comment ce tableau a évolué dans le temps. Remarques à l’intention des praticiens Il existe un lien apparent entre la nouveauté relative du cadre institutionnel dans lequel un système de gouvernance est imbriqué et son imputabilité. Les environnements qui incluent un rôle fort pour la Commission européenne tendent à être les plus imputables, tandis que ceux qui reposent le plus sur la logique intergouvernementale, y compris ceux qui ont été créés hors du cadre du Traité, présentent d’importants hiatus.
Arquitectura participativa: investigación-acción en torno al diseño de un establecimiento educacional
Authors: Camerati Nicolas 
Published: December 2016

Cet article traite d’une recherche-action (Goyette & Lessard-Hebert, 1987) réalisée dans un établissement scolaire public dans la commune de Peñalolén, à Santiago du Chili. Le défi de cette recherche a été de développer une méthodologie participative, capable de traduire les opinions, les inquiétudes, les désirs, les sensations et les coutumes d’une communauté éducative spécifique dans des données compréhensibles et utilisables par les architectes qui créeraient l’œuvre en question. En définitive, cet article décrira un processus conjoint de travail entre des architectes, des sociologues et une communauté éducative donnée, un processus visant à développer une méthode participative qui permettra un lien et une harmonie entre les utilisateurs, l’architecture et le lieu.
Rues de Busan et d’ailleurs. Partie 1. Prolégomènes : le paysage de « Dynamic Busan »
Authors: Gilloch Graeme , Ryu Ji-Seok 
Published: December 2016

Cet article est une introduction, plus particulièrement un prologue théorico-méthodologique à un essai pionnier de rythmanalyse de Busan, ville portuaire de Corée. Il est basé sur quatre mois de recherche collaborative d’un travail sur le terrain entrepris à l’automne 2014. Ici les trois influences théoriques clés qui structurent ce travail (Lefebvre, Kracauer et Augé) sont présentées et liées à certaines réflexions critiques sur « Dynamic Busan », le slogan de la deuxième ville ambitieuse sous transformation rapide. Le concept clé de « non-lieux » offre un point de départ utile pour l’expérience quotidienne du nouveau paysage urbain de Busan comme « paysage » et comme « ville-selfie ».
Skill gap analysis and training needs in Indian aerospace industry
Authors: Balaraman Premkumar , Kamalakannan Priya 
Published: December 2016

Purpose: The main objective of the paper is on assessing the global aerospace industry as well as Indian scenario, and attempts to assess the skill gaps and training needs of Indian aerospace industry. Design/methodology/approach: The study is qualitative in nature, and employs wide array of qualitative tools which includes desktop study, focus group interviews and secondary sources of information. Around 10 focus groups were used in the study, with each focus group having a minimum of 6 members of experts in the aerospace and allied industries. The study evolved into a 2 staged one, with the first study elucidating the growing importance and potential of aerospace industry, justifying the significance to take forward the second part of the study. And the second study specifically focuses on skill gaps and training needs.Findings and Originality/value: The Study yields varied results on existing generic expectations of aerospace industry, specific needs of aerospace industry, identification of aerospace job categories unique to aerospace industry, key issues of training in Indian scenario and recommendations. The paper in summary reflects the current scenario of aerospace industry potentials for India and its likely impact on skills gap and training needs.Practical implications: Skills gap is a significant gap between an organization’s current capabilities and the skills it needs to achieve its goals. As a number of Global forecasts project, India as an emerging aviation market, the skill gaps in this sector is predicted to be huge and necessitates the study on assessing the skill gaps and its allied training needs.Originality/value: The Study is highly original and first one of its kind in reflecting the current situation of the skills gap and training needs in Indian Aerospace industry. The focus group interviews were conducted with the experts at various levels in the industyr without any bias yielding valid and realtime data for the research.
Airport mobile marketing as a channel to promote cross-selling
Authors: Florido-Benítez Lázaro 
Published: December 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the airport mobile marketing and what elements have had a positive or negative influence in cross-selling via an airport app. Design/methodology: For this analysis, a survey was conducted to users that use the Schiphol Amsterdam Airport app. A total of 103 questionnaires were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings: This study found that security/control factor supplied by the mobile marketing tool to passengers at the airport, it has been demonstrated that it favours an increase in cross-selling. in addition, if an airport is perceived to have a good brand image, it will have a positive effect in cross-selling. Originality/value: This paper is the first research that examines the impact of mobile marketing in airports. Smelling multiple products and services to the same client before, during, and post consumption is a marketing technique that intends to (1) satisfy a client’s need and (2) increase a company’s profit by using cross-selling and other complementary services. Airline companies are experts in carrying out this activity, and airports have found that mobile applications are the perfect tool to increase their commercial profits. Offering complementary products and services is a very lucrative business, and a mobile device or smartphone are -- and will become -- the ideal medium to meet users’ demands as well as to improve the passenger experience. Keywords: mobile marketing, cross-selling, information, security-control, image-perception, satisfaction, WOM
Manufacture de parures en coquillage dans le bassin de Sayula à l’époque classique (Jalisco, Mexique)
Authors: Mas Élodie 
Published: December 2016

Au cours de la période classique (550-1100 apr. J.-C.), le bassin de Sayula bénéficie d’une période de prospérité liée au contrôle exercé par l’élite locale sur les ressources stratégiques qui proviennent ou transitent par la région. Cette phase chronologique se caractérise par la participation active du bassin au sein des réseaux d’échange de l’occident du Mexique (Liot et al., sur 2007). Outre une production intense de sel, d’autres activités artisanales se développent les établissements préhispaniques localisés autour du lac saisonnier. Le matériel malacologique collecté en surface de différents sites atteste d’une activité de fabrication de parure, tant d’espèces provenant du Pacifique, que des Caraïbes. L’analyse technologique menée sur 11 250 artefacts révèle une activité de production locale, marquée par un style technologique spécifique au bassin de Sayula.
Preventive Neuromuscular Training for Young Female Athletes: Comparison of Coach and Athlete Compliance Rates
Authors: Sugimoto Dai , Mattacola Carl G. , Bush Heather M. , Thomas Staci M. , Foss Kim D. Barber , Myer Gregory D. , Hewett Timothy E. 
Published: December 2016

Context: Fewer athletic injuries and lower anterior cruciate ligament injury incidence rates were noted in studies of neuromuscular-training (NMT) interventions that had high compliance rates. However, several groups have demonstrated that preventive NMT interventions were limited by low compliance rates.
Objective: To descriptively analyze coach and athlete compliance with preventive NMT and compare the compliance between study arms as well as among school levels and sports.
Design: Randomized, controlled clinical trial.
Setting: Middle and high school athletic programs.
Participants or Other Participants: A total of 52 teams, comprising 547 female athletes, were randomly assigned to the experimental or control group and followed for 1 athletic season.
Intervention(s): The experimental group (n = 30 teams [301 athletes]: 12 basketball teams [125 athletes], 6 soccer teams [74 athletes], and 12 volleyball teams [102 athletes]) participated in an NMT program aimed at reducing traumatic knee injuries through a trunk-stabilization and hip-strengthening program. The control group (n = 22 teams [246 athletes]: 11 basketball teams [116 athletes], 5 soccer teams [68 athletes], and 6 volleyball teams [62 athletes]) performed a resistive rubber-band running program.
Main Outcome Measure(s): Compliance with the assigned intervention protocols (3 times per week during the preseason [mean = 3.4 weeks] and 2 times per week in-season [mean = 11.9 weeks] of coaches [coach compliance] and athletes [athlete compliance]) was measured descriptively. Using an independent t test, we compared coach and athlete compliance between the study arms. A 2-way analysis of variance was calculated to compare differences between coach and athlete compliance by school level (middle and high schools) and sport (basketball, soccer, and volleyball).
Results: The protocols were completed at a mean rate of 1.3 ± 1.1 times per week during the preseason and 1.2 ± 0.5 times per week in-season. A total of 88.4% of athletes completed 2/3 of the intervention sessions. Coach compliance was greater in the experimental group than in the control group (P = .014). Coach compliance did not differ by sport but was greater at the high school than the middle school (P = .001) level. Athlete compliance did not differ by study arm, sport, or school level.
Conclusions: Athletes received instruction in about 50% of each protocol. Nearly 90% of athletes performed more than 2/3 of the assigned NMT interventions. The assigned intervention was performed more often in the experimental arm compared with the control arm. Coaches at the high school level complied with the given protocol more than middle school coaches did. Athletes complied well with the protocol, but coaches did not, especially at the middle school level.