bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap: asthmatic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or chronic obstructive asthma?
Authors: Slats Annelies , Taube Christian 
Published: November 2015

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are different disease entities. They are both clinical diagnoses, with diagnostic tools to discriminate between one another. However, especially in older patients (>55 years) it seems more difficult to differentiate between asthma and COPD. This has led to the definition of a new phenotype called asthma COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS). However, our understanding of ACOS is at a very preliminary stage, as most research has involved subjects with existing diagnoses of asthma or COPD from studies with different definitions for ACOS. This has led to different and sometimes opposing results between studies on several features of ACOS, also depending on the comparison with COPD alone, asthma alone or both, which are summarized in this review. We suggest not using the term ACOS for a patient with features of both asthma and COPD, but to describe a patient with chronic obstructive airway disease as completely as possible, with regard to characteristics that determine treatment response (e.g. eosinophilic inflammation) and prognosis (such as smoking status, exacerbation rate, fixed airflow limitation, hyperresponsiveness, comorbidities). This will provide a far more clinically relevant diagnosis, and would aid in research on treatment in more homogenous groups of patients with chronic airways obstruction. More research is certainly needed to develop more evidence-based definitions for this patient group and to evaluate biomarkers, which will help to further classify these patients, treat them more adequately and unravel the underlying pathophysiological mechanism.
Patient Perceptions of the Environment of Care in Which Their Healthcare is Delivered
Authors: LaVela Sherri L. , Etingen Bella , Hill Jennifer N. , Miskevics Scott 
Published: November 2015

Objective: To measure patients’ perceptions of the environment of care (EOC), with a focus on the physical environment, in which healthcare is delivered. Background: The EOC may impact patient experiences, care perceptions, and health outcomes. EOC may be improved through redesign of existing physical structures or spaces or by adding nurturing amenities. Methods: Demographics, health status, hospital use, and data on the environment (physical, comfort, orientation, and privacy) were collected via a mailed cross-sectional survey sent to patients seen at four hospital Centers of Innovation (COIs; that implemented many modifications to the healthcare environment to address physical, comfort, orientation, and privacy factors) and four matched controls, supplemented with checklist and VA administrative data. A modified Perceived Hospital Environment Quality Indicators instrument was used to measure patients’ EOC perceptions. Results: Respondents (3,321/5,117; 65% response) rated, [mean ( SD)], exterior space highest, 3.09 (0.73), followed by interior space, 2.96 (0.74), and privacy, 2.44 (1.01). COIs had significantly higher ratings than controls on interior space (2.99 vs. 2.96, p = .02) and privacy (2.48 vs. 2.38, p = .005) but no differences for exterior space. Subscales with significantly higher ratings in COIs (vs. controls) in interior space were “spatial–physical comfort” and “orientation,” for example, clean, good signage, spacious rooms, and for privacy included “not too crowded” and “able to talk without being overheard.” Checklist findings confirmed the presence of EOC innovations rated highly by patients. Conclusions: Patients identified cleanliness, good signs/information points, adequate seating, nonovercrowding, and privacy for conversations as important. Hospital design modifications, with particular attention to the physical environment, can improve patient EOC perceptions.
Treating chronic spontaneous urticaria using a brief ‘whole person’ treatment approach: a proof‐of‐concept study
Authors: Lindsay Karen , Goulding Josie , Solomon Margot , Broom Brian 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundChronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) poses problems with respect to high prevalence, reduced quality of life, lack of long term efficacy, and expense of current treatments for severe intractable symptoms. There have been many reports suggesting ‘stress’ factors may be implicated, but there are no studies that explore the efficacy of treatments including a psychological perspective. A whole person treatment approach (WPTA), which addresses psychological factors has been used, with effect, for 6 years in the Auckland City Hospital Immunology Department.FindingsIn a pilot study to demonstrate feasibility of recruitment and treatment of CSU patients in a time‐limited, whole person treatment approach, within a conventional immunology department, four patients (three CSU and one idiopathic angioedema) were recruited into a brief WPTA course based in non‐dualistic concepts of mind and body connectedness, and utilising psychotherapy‐derived listening skills for up to 10 h long sessions, once per week. Treatment efficacy rating, using Urticaria Activity Score and the Urticaria Severity Score, and reduction of drug usage, showed patients experienced long term resolution of urticaria and cessation of hospitalisation for angioedema and came off regular antihistamine medication.ConclusionsA clinician treating chronic spontaneous urticaria in an Immunology department, using a whole person treatment paradigm, can safely explore unique meanings and emotional states, in a process acceptable to patients, resulting in a significant clinical benefit for symptoms. A much larger study comparing the outcome of WPTA versus standard treatment alone is warranted.
Oral administration of Lactobacillus paracasei NCC 2461 for the modulation of grass pollen allergic rhinitis: a randomized, placebo‐controlled study during the pollen season
Authors: Nembrini Chiara , Singh Anurag , De Castro Carlos Antonio , Mercenier Annick , Nutten Sophie 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe efficacy of Lactobacillus paracasei NCC 2461 in modulating allergic rhinitis was previously evaluated in two exploratory clinical studies. Oral administration with NCC 2461 reduced specific subjective symptoms following nasal provocation tests with controlled grass pollen allergen concentrations. Our aim was to confirm the anti‐allergic effect of NCC 2461 in grass pollen allergic subjects exposed to natural doses of allergens during the pollen season.FindingsA double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled, parallel study was conducted with 131 grass pollen allergic subjects from May to July 2012 in concomitance with the pollen season in Berlin. NCC 2461 or placebo was administered daily for an 8‐week period to adult subjects with clinical history of allergic rhinitis to grass pollen, positive skin prick test and IgE to grass pollen. During the 8 weeks, symptoms and quality of life questionnaires were filled out, and plasma was collected for IgE analysis at screening and at the end of the intervention. All subjects were included within a 5‐day interval, ensuring exposure to similar air pollen counts for each individual during the trial period. The results obtained show that symptoms increased with pollen loads, confirming a natural exposure to the allergen and presence of pollen‐induced allergic rhinitis in the subjects. However, no significant differences were observed in allergic rhinitis symptoms scores, quality of life, or specific IgE levels between subjects receiving NCC 2461 as compared to placebo administration.ConclusionIn contrast to previous findings, oral administration of NCC 2461 did not show a beneficial effect on allergic rhinitis in a field trial. The influence of study design, allergen exposure and intervention window on the efficacy of NCC 2461 in modulating respiratory allergy should be further evaluated.
Differential impact of high and low penetrance TNFRSF1A gene mutations on conventional and regulatory CD4+ T cell functions in TNFR1-associated periodic syndrome
Authors: Pucino Valentina , Lucherini Orso Maria , Perna Francesco , Obici Laura , Merlini Giampaolo , Cattalini Marco , La Torre Francesco , Maggio Maria Cristina , Lepore Maria Teresa , Magnotti Flora , Galgani Mario , Galeazzi Mauro , Marone Gianni , De Rosa Veronica , Talarico Rosaria , Cantarini Luca , Matarese Giuseppe 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
TNFR-associated periodic syndrome is an autoinflammatory disorder caused by autosomal-dominant mutations in TNFRSF1A, the gene encoding for TNFR superfamily 1A. The lack of knowledge in the field of TNFR-associated periodic syndrome biology is clear, particularly in the context of control of immune self-tolerance. We investigated how TNF-α/TNFR superfamily 1A signaling can affect T cell biology, focusing on conventional CD4+CD25− and regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cell functions in patients with TNFR-associated periodic syndrome carrying either high or low penetrance TNFRSF1A mutations. Specifically, we observed that in high penetrance TNFR-associated periodic syndrome, at the molecular level, these alterations were secondary to a hyperactivation of the ERK1/2, STAT1/3/5, mammalian target of rapamycin, and NF-κB pathways in conventional T cells. In addition, these patients had a lower frequency of peripheral regulatory T cells, which also displayed a defective suppressive phenotype. These alterations were partially found in low penetrance TNFR-associated periodic syndrome, suggesting a specific link between the penetrance of the TNFRSF1A mutation and the observed T cell phenotype. Taken together, our data envision a novel role for adaptive immunity in the pathogenesis of TNFR-associated periodic syndrome involving both CD4+ conventional T cells and Tregs, suggesting a novel mechanism of inflammation in the context of autoinflammatory disorders.
Precise Diagnosis of Intraoperative Frozen Section Is an Effective Method to Guide Resection Strategy for Peripheral Small-Sized Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Shilei , Wang Rui , Zhang Yang , Li Yuan , Cheng Chao , Pan Yunjian , Xiang Jiaqing , Zhang Yawei , Chen Haiquan , Sun Yihua 
Published: November 2015

Purpose This study investigated the accuracy of intraoperative frozen section (FS) diagnosis for predicting the final pathology (FP) of peripheral small-sized lung adenocarcinoma and evaluated its usefulness in sublobar resection. Patients and Methods The records of 803 patients with clinical stage I peripheral lung adenocarcinoma who underwent sublobar resection for FS diagnosis to guide surgical strategy were reviewed. The surgical extension was mainly based on FS. The FS were stratified into atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA), and invasive adenocarcinoma. The diagnostic accuracy of FS, the reasons for the discrepancy between FS and FP, and the clinical influence of the FS errors were evaluated. To assess the survival of patients with different subtypes after surgery, 301 patients were identified for prognosis evaluation. Results The total concordance rate between FS and FP was 84.4%. When atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, AIS, and MIA were classified together as a low-risk group, the concordance rate was 95.9%. Most discrepant cases were the underestimation of AIS and MIA. The diagnostic accuracy of FS for tumors ≤ 1 cm and larger than 1 cm in diameter was 79.6% and 90.8%, respectively (P < .01). The FS errors had significant clinical impact on 0.9% of the 803 patients due to insufficient resection. The 5-year recurrence-free survival rate (100%) was significantly better for the patients with AIS/MIA than for patients with invasive adenocarcinoma (74.1%, P < .01). Conclusion Frozen pathology has a high concordance rate with FP. Precise diagnosis by intraoperative FS is an effective method to guide resection strategy for peripheral small-sized lung adenocarcinoma.
Alectinib in Crizotinib-Refractory ALK-Rearranged Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase II Global Study
Authors: Ou Sai-Hong Ignatius , Ahn Jin Seok , De Petris Luigi , Govindan Ramaswamy , Yang James Chih-Hsin , Hughes Brett , Lena Hervé , Moro-Sibilot Denis , Bearz Alessandra , Ramirez Santiago Viteri , Mekhail Tarek , Spira Alexander , Bordogna Walter , Balas Bogdana , Morcos Peter N. , Monnet Annabelle , Zeaiter Ali , Kim Dong-Wan 
Published: November 2015

Purpose Crizotinib confers improved progression-free survival compared with chemotherapy in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but progression invariably occurs. We investigated the efficacy and safety of alectinib, a potent and selective ALK inhibitor with excellent CNS penetration, in patients with crizotinib-refractory ALK-positive NSCLC. Patients and Methods Alectinib 600 mg was administered orally twice daily. The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR) by central independent review committee (IRC). Results Of the 138 patients treated, 84 patients (61%) had CNS metastases at baseline, and 122 were response evaluable (RE) by IRC. ORR by IRC was 50% (95% CI, 41% to 59%), and the median duration of response (DOR) was 11.2 months (95% CI, 9.6 months to not reached). In 96 patients (79%) previously treated with chemotherapy, the ORR was 45% (95% CI, 35% to 55%). Median IRC-assessed progression-free survival for all 138 patients was 8.9 months (95% CI, 5.6 to 11.3 months). CNS disease control rate was 83% (95% CI, 74% to 91%), and the median CNS DOR was 10.3 months (95% CI, 7.6 to 11.2 months). CNS ORR in 35 patients with baseline measurable CNS lesions was 57% (95% CI, 39% to 74%). Of the 23 patients with baseline CNS metastases (measurable or nonmeasurable) and no prior radiation, 10 (43%) had a complete CNS response. At 12 months, the cumulative CNS progression rate (24.8%) was lower than the cumulative non-CNS progression rate (33.2%) for all patients. Common adverse events were constipation (33%), fatigue (26%), and peripheral edema (25%); most were grade 1 to 2. Conclusion Alectinib is highly active and well tolerated in patients with advanced, crizotinib-refractory ALK-positive NSCLC, including those with CNS metastases.
Truth or Reconciliation? The Guest and the Massacre That Never Ends
Authors: Ryu Youngju 
Published: November 2015

The Guest (Sonnim), Hwang Sok-yong's 2001 novel, offers a sustained meditation on conditions of possibility for inter-Korean reconciliation. Featuring memories of what happened in Sinchon, a North Korean town where an estimated thirty-five thousand civilians were killed during the early months of the Korean War, the novel explores the relationship between official and unofficial narratives of the Korean War, and between different versions of official histories that have sustained the nationalist logics of Korean division. The novel also moves beyond representation to a performance of reconciliation by turning the narrative into a ritual space in a reinvigorated implementation of Korean funerary tradition.
In the process, The Guest both couples and decouples truth and reconciliation. While seeking validity for its version of the Sinchon massacre by offering up its fictional narrative as a truthful revision of official histories, The Guest incessantly undermines the empirical ground for its version of history. What opens up as a result is the gap between cognition and affect, law and lawfulness; reconciliation emerges not as the natural consequence of establishing truth but as an agonizing attempt to close the gap between truth and justice. Where truth may actually hinder the cause of reconciliation, what is the price of arriving at truth without reconciliation, and of implementing reconciliation without truth? Situating The Guest in the context of Hwang Sok-yong's own commentary, this essay examines the relevance of these questions for contemporary Korea.
Reducing Lissencephaly-1 levels augments mitochondrial transport and has a protective effect in adult Drosophila neurons
Authors: Vagnoni Alessio , Hoffmann Patrick C. , Bullock Simon L. 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
Defective transport of mitochondria in axons is implicated in the pathogenesis of several age-associated neurodegenerative diseases. However, the regulation and function of axonal mitochondrial motility during normal ageing is poorly understood. Here, we use novel imaging procedures to characterise axonal transport of these organelles in the adult Drosophila wing nerve. During early adult life there is a boost and progressive decline in the proportion of mitochondria that are motile, which is not due to general changes in cargo transport. Experimental inhibition of the mitochondrial transport machinery specifically in adulthood accelerates the appearance of focal protein accumulations in ageing axons, which is suggestive of defects in protein homeostasis. Unexpectedly, lowering levels of Lissencephaly-1 (Lis1), a dynein motor co-factor, augments axonal mitochondrial transport in ageing wing neurons. Lis1 mutations suppress focal protein accumulations in ageing neurons, including those caused by interfering with the mitochondrial transport machinery. Our data provide new insights into the dynamics of mitochondrial motility in adult neurons in vivo, identify Lis1 as a negative regulator of transport of these organelles, and provide evidence of a link between mitochondrial movement and neuronal protein homeostasis.
Simple and Rapid Fabrication of PDMS Microfluidic Devices Compatible with FTIR Microspectroscopy
Authors: Srisa-Art Monpichar , Furutani Yuji 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
A simple and rapid fabrication method of IR transparent poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic devices is presented. Spin coating of PDMS pre-polymer was employed to attain a thin PDMS microchannel layer, allowing for transmission IR microspectroscopy. Key advantages of this approach include simplicity, low fabrication cost, reliability and rapid production time. PDMS microfluidic devices manufactured using this approach were successfully used to demonstrate transmission IR microscopic measurements of on-chip dilution of NaN3 using water. A linear relationship between peak area (centered at ca. 2050 cm−1) of azide and the concentration estimated from the ratio of the flow rates of two inlets was observed in the range from 15 to 150 mM. The kinetics of the reduction of hexacyanoferrate(III) ([Fe(CN)6]3−) by ascorbic acid (AA) was also analyzed. We observed that the peak at ca. 2115 cm−1 (hexacyanoferrate(III)) was decreasing, while the peak at ca. 2040 cm−1 (hexacyanoferrate(II)) was increasing as the reaction was in progress. From the systematic analysis by changing the concentrations of hexacyanoferrate(III) and AA, we evaluated that the reaction order with respect to each substance was 1st order.
Nutrition transition in South Asia: the emergence of non-communicable chronic diseases
Authors: Bishwajit Ghose 
Published: November 2015

Overview: South Asian countries have experienced a remarkable economic growth during last two decades along with subsequent transformation in social, economic and food systems. Rising disposable income levels continue to drive the nutrition transition characterized by a shift from a traditional high-carbohydrate, low-fat diets towards diets with a lower carbohydrate and higher proportion of saturated fat, sugar and salt. Steered by various transitions in demographic, economic and nutritional terms, South Asian population are experiencing a rapidly changing disease profile. While the healthcare systems have long been striving to disentangle from the vicious cycle of poverty and undernutrition, South Asian countries are now confronted with an emerging epidemic of obesity and a constellation of other non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This dual burden is bringing about a serious health and economic conundrum and is generating enormous pressure on the already overstretched healthcare system of South Asian countries.Objectives: The Nutrition transition has been a very popular topic in the field of human nutrition during last few decades and many countries and broad geographic regions have been studied. However there is no review on this topic in the context of South Asia as yet. The main purpose of this review is to highlight the factors accounting for the onset of nutrition transition and its subsequent impact on epidemiological transition in five major South Asian countries including Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Special emphasis was given on India and Bangladesh as they together account for 94% of the regional population and about half world’s malnourished population.Methods: This study is literature based. Main data sources were published research articles obtained through an electronic medical databases search.
Strategic Directions of Pedagogical Education Modernization in Innovative Development
Authors: Абылкасымова  , Abylkasymova A. , Рыжаков  , Ryzhakov Mikhail , Шишов  , Shishov Cergey 
Published: November 2015

The article proposes identification of the most likely ways
of institutional changes in the system of pedagogical education in
the conditions of innovation, taking into account global socioeconomic
and socio-cultural trends that define the essential aspects
of training future teachers. It analyzes international trends of modernization
of education, which largely determine the directions of
pedagogical education development. The problems of values change
in modern education are discussed. The materials are prepared
within the framework of the project «Promising models of development
of pedagogical education in the Republic of Kazakhstan in
the conditions of realization of «Kazakhstan – 2050 » Strategy
approved by the decision of National scientific council of the
Ministry of education and science of the Republic of Kazakhstan
«Intellectual potential of the country».
Methodological Approaches to Constructing the Concept of Forming Partnerships with Potential Stakeholders to Achieve the Goals of Additional Professional Education
Authors: Афанасьев  , Afanasev V. , Куницына  , Kunitsyna S. 
Published: November 2015

The article considers the basic methodological approaches
to the construction of the concept of forming partnerships with
potential stakeholders to achieve the goals of additional vocational
training, which are based on existing trends and factors of
contemporary reality.
Application of Case Study Technologies in Primary and Middle School Via Contemporary Narrative Table Games
Authors: Бойкова  , Boykova A. 
Published: November 2015

This article discusses the creation of case studies/theme
projects based on modern table story-games. Case technologies are
a group of educational technologies, methods and techniques of
teaching, based on the solution of specific problems and tasks.
Board game, like any other, can serve as a tool for development of
various skills (communication, logic, motor, visual, etc.), as well
as a material for a case study or project theme. The result of the
joint use of case-method and gaming technology can form diverse
knowledge among students, teach reasoning algorithms, solve intellectual
problems, promote love for working with a book or other
sources of knowledge, teach tolerance and team work.
Main Criteria of Content Selection in Teaching Foreign Languages at Master Programs
Authors: Полушина  , Polushina Lyubov , Давыдова  , Davydova Lyudmila 
Published: November 2015

This article is about the training of masters in foreign
languages. Efficiency of their training depends on their informative
activity and independence. One of the most effective ways of boosting
their educational activity is professional training. The study of
foreign languages must be connected with future profession. The
students read original literature to get necessary information for
their future work. The main kind of text work is reading. It is also
necessary to pay attention to other kinds of speech activity (summarizing,
annotation), as well as to develop oral speech in foreign
language.