bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Should Informatics Be the Theoretical Paradigm of AIS? A Panel Discussion of AIS Researchers
Authors: Krippel Greg , Moody Janette , Barra Roberta , Stone Dan , White Clinton E. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Some have argued that the absence of a unifying theory has limited the contribution of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) to accounting research and practice. Hunton (2006) proposed the Science of Informatics as a unifying theory. Informatics is an interdisciplinary science that studies the representation, processing and communication of information in natural and artificial systems. The panel discussion, “Informatics: Should This Be the Next Theoretical Paradigm for AIS?”, held at the 2007 AIS Educator Conference, explores this topic. Some panelists expressed concern about the effect on accounting software design and on publishing in top journals of adopting informatics as a theoretical foundation. Others suggested that informatics could provide legitimacy by linking AIS research to the mainstream accounting research. Some panelists believed that an informatics foundation would better position AIS research relative to accounting research and increase funding. Consensus opinion noted the value of more research into the contribution of informatics as a theoretical foundation for AIS. This paper briefly reviews the Science of Informatics, summarizes the panel discussion, and concludes with suggestions for integrating informatics into AIS education.
Spike-Layer Simulation for Steady-State Coupled Schrödinger Equations
Authors: Liao Liming , Ji Guanghua , Tang Zhongwei , Zhang Hui 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAn adaptive finite element method is adopted to simulate the steady state coupled Schrödinger equations with a small parameter. We use damped Newton iteration to solve the nonlinear algebraic system. When the solution domain is elliptic, our numerical results with Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions are consistent with previous theoretical results. For the dumbbell and circular ring domains with Dirichlet boundary conditions, we obtain some new results that may be compared with future theoretical analysis.
Hansen’s disease with Lucio’s phenomenon in a country in the post elimination era: A case report
Authors: Pardo Santiago Sánchez , Cabeza Luis Daniel , Díaz Andrés Ochoa , Figueroa Claudia Lucia , Mantilla Julio Cesar 
Published: September 2017

Leprosy is defined as a chronic granulomatous bacterial infection that affects the skin and peripheral nerves caused by the obligate intracellular bacillus Mycobacterium leprae. According to the 2015 World Health Organization reports, there were 587 prevalent cases and 423 new cases, of the latter 73% were multibacillary, predominantly in the departments of Santander and Boyacá (Colombia). Lucio’s phenomenon was first described in 1852 by Rafael Lucio, in collaboration with Alvarado. The Lucio’s phenomenon is relatively rare and none have been reported in Colombia about it, as reference, in South America, Brazil has reported approximately 11 cases since 2000.We present a rare case of Lucio’s phenomenon in a country where leprosy is considered as eradicate which represents a diagnostic challenge, of a disease that continues with increasing incidence rates in a country considered in the post-elimination stage.
Table Salt as a Template to Prepare Reusable Porous PVDF–MWCNT Foam for Separation of Immiscible Oils/Organic Solvents and Corrosive Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Chen Faze , Lu Yao , Liu Xin , Song Jinlong , He Guanjie , Tiwari Manish K. , Carmalt Claire J. , Parkin Ivan P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMany advanced materials are designed for separation of immiscible oils/organic solvents and aqueous solutions, including poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)‐based materials with superwettability. However, due to the limited solubility of PVDF, techniques (e.g., phase inversion and electrospinning) often involve the use of toxic organic solvents. Here a facile organic solvent‐free method is described to prepare a porous PVDF–MWCNT (multiwalled carbon nanotube) foam using table salt as a sacrificial template. The porous PVDF–MWCNT foam is characterized as superhydrophobic–superoleophilic with good elasticity due to its 3D porosity and low surface energy. The foam exhibits high adsorption capacity to a variety of oils/organic solvents and can be easily reused by squeezing, heating, or releasing in other solvents. Moreover, the foam is highly resistant toward UV exposure, corrosive aqueous solutions such as acidic, alkaline, salty solutions, and turbulent environments, and shows effective oils/organic solvents removal in these complex environments. The continuous separation of immiscible oils/organic solvents and corrosive aqueous solutions with vacuum assistance is also presented. The organic solvent‐free and reusable PVDF–MWCNT foam is a promising candidate for large‐scale industrial separation of oils/organic solvents and water in corrosive and turbulent conditions.
Pituitary and skull‐base lesions and the litigious patient
Authors: Wang Alan C. , Darlin Spencer , Lai Wanda , Svider Peter F. , Jacob Jeffrey T. , Liu James K. , Eloy Jean Anderson , Folbe Adam J. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundThe objective of this research was to evaluate litigation relating to the diagnosis and management of pituitary and ventral skull base lesions and delineate allegations involved in the decision to pursue medicolegal proceedings.MethodsPublically available federal and court records were accessed via the Westlaw Next database. Jury verdict and settlement reports relevant to pituitary and anterior skull‐base lesions were accessed, and litigation was reviewed for alleged injuries, defendant specialty, patient demographics, and other factors raised in proceedings.ResultsOf 75 cases included, 50.7% were resolved in the defendant's favor. The most frequent physician specialties cited as defendants included primary care (20%), neurosurgery (17%), and radiology (16%), while otolaryngologists were defendants in only 5% of cases. Fifty‐two (69%) did not involve surgical intervention; the most common allegations in these proceedings were misdiagnosis, permanent injury (19%), requiring additional procedures as a result of misdiagnosis (17%), permanent endocrine dysfunction (14%), and visual sequelae (12%). Among surgical cases, the most common allegations raised included permanent injury (17%), postoperative complications (14%), intraoperative complications (13%), and death (10%). Among cases resolved with payment, there was no statistical difference in payment between surgical cases ($5.7M) and nonsurgical cases ($4.8M).ConclusionMisdiagnosis of endocrinopathy, failure to appropriately workup patients presenting with neurologic complaints, and radiologic misdiagnosis play important roles in the pursuit of litigation in nonsurgical cases. Sustaining permanent sequelae including endocrine and visual injury play an important role in surgical cases. Postoperative management appears to play just as important a role in the decision to pursue litigation as intraoperative considerations.
Graphene oxide nanosheet‐embedded crosslinked poly(ethylene oxide) hydrogel
Authors: Shin Jae Eun , Kim Hyo Won , Yoo Byung Min , Park Ho Bum 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTNanofiller‐reinforced polymer nanocomposites can be used to improve the mechanical, thermal, electrical, and barrier properties of neat polymers. In this study, two‐dimensional graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were successfully incorporated into hydrophilic crosslinked poly(ethylene oxide) (XPEG) hydrogels. Change in the gas permeability and mechanical strength were monitored as functions of the GO content and average GO flake size. The experimental results are discussed with two theoretical models (i.e., the modified Nielsen and Halpin‐Tsai models) to predict the effect of two‐dimensional GO nanofillers (e.g., loading content and alignment) on the gas permeability and mechanical properties of the GO‐embedded XPEG hydrogels (GO–XPEGs). When the GO sheets were fully exfoliated and homogeneously dispersed in the XPEG matrix, their significant reduction in gas permeability and improvement in mechanical strength were in good agreement with those theoretical models. In particular, the incorporation of 4 wt % GO into the XPEG hydrogel matrix resulted in an 80–90% reduction in the gas permeability for various gases, including He, H2, O2, N2, CH4, and CO2. Also, with increasing GO content, both the Young's modulus and tensile strength of the GO–XPEG nanocomposite hydrogels increased significantly compared to those of the neat XPEG hydrogel. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45417.
Crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) composite films with cellulose nanocrystals: Mechanical and thermal properties
Authors: Tanpichai Supachok , Oksman Kristiina 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTIn this work, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were crosslinked using sodium tetraborate decahydrate (borax) to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of the neat PVA. The results showed that the CNCs affected the crystallization behavior of the crosslinked PVA. The crystallization temperature of the crosslinked PVA with CNCs increased considerably from ∼152 to ∼187 °C. The continuous improvement of the thermal stability was observed with the increasing content of CNCs in the crosslinked PVA films. Additionally, the strong interaction between the CNCs and PVA was theoretically estimated from the Young's modulus values of the composites. Thermodynamic mechanical testing revealed that the crosslinked PVA composite films with CNCs could bear higher loads at high temperature compared to the films without the CNCs. At 60 °C, 2.7 GPa was reported for the storage modulus of the crosslinked composites with 3 wt % of CNCs, twice as high as that for the crosslinked films without CNCs. Moreover, creep results were improved when CNCs were added in the crosslinked nanocomposites. The materials prepared in this work could broaden the opportunities for applications in a wide range of temperatures. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45710.
Reinforcing effect caused by equal channel multiple angular extrusion of polymers manufactured by the FDM process: Experimental investigation and mathematical modeling
Authors: Beloshenko V. A. , Beygelzimer Y. E. , Voznyak Yu. V. , Savchenko B. M. , Dmitrenko V. Yu. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThe effect of orientation of the layers of the original structure of polymers produced by fused deposition modeling (FDM) on the reinforcing effect caused by succeeding equal channel multiple angular extrusion (ECMAE) is studied. As test objects, glassy acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer (ABS), glycol‐modified poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET‐G) and semicrystalline PET are selected, as well as layered composites ABS/PET and ABS/PET‐G. It is demonstrated that ECMAE results in enhancement of microhardness, storage modulus, impact strength. The density, the glass transition temperature, the melting temperature are increased, too. The crystallinity degree of extrudates is enhanced. It is shown that an increment in the mechanical characteristics is better in the case of longitudinal position of the melt layers, as compared to the transversal one. The achieved effects are related to the pore healing, formation of orientation ordering, and enhanced interphase interaction and homogenization of the system in the course of production of layered composites of thermodynamically incompatible polymers. A physical model is suggested that describes the behavior of the layered materials under ECMAE. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45727.
Pathways for implementation of blue carbon initiatives
Authors: Herr Dorothée , von Unger Moritz , Laffoley Dan , McGivern Alexis 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Coastal blue carbon activities are being implemented by a variety of countries, using different approaches. Existing regulatory regimes, including on coastal protection, are still very useful tools to protect and conserve mangroves, seagrasses and saltmarshes, and preserve their carbon value and role. These approaches suffer, however, from ‘traditional’ issues such as lack of enforcement, human and financial constraints as well as unclear or misguiding government mandates.
Successes are witnessed using a community‐based carbon project approach, ensuring high stakeholder participation via direct or indirect incentive programmes. Comprehensive coastal zone management approaches seem very promising, but success overall, and regarding carbon specifically, are yet to be reported.
The Paris Agreement has introduced new tools which could serve as means to trigger more and better coastal adaptation and mitigation efforts. Their implementation details are, however, still under negotiation and their impacts can only be expected in a few years.
The potential to integrate blue carbon into MPA design and management
Authors: Howard Jennifer , McLeod Elizabeth , Thomas Sebastian , Eastwood Erin , Fox Matthew , Wenzel Lauren , Pidgeon Emily 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Oceans and coasts provide a wide array of services to humans, including climate regulation, food security, and livelihoods. Managing them well is vital to human well‐being as well as the maintenance of marine biodiversity and ocean‐dependent economies.
Carbon sequestration and storage is increasingly recognized as a valuable service provided by coastal vegetation. Carbon sequestered and stored by mangrove forests, tidal marshes, and seagrass meadows is known as ‘blue’ carbon. These habitats capture and store carbon within the plants themselves and in the sediment below them. When the habitats are destroyed, much of their carbon is released back to the atmosphere and ocean contributing to global climate change.
Therefore, blue carbon ecosystem protection is becoming a greater priority in marine management and is an area of interest to scientists, policy makers, coastal communities, and the private sector including those that contribute to ecosystem degradation but also those that are looking to reduce their carbon footprint. A range of policy and management responses aim to reduce coastal ecosystem loss, including the establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs).
This paper explores how MPA design, location, and management could be used to protect and increase carbon sequestration and ensure integrity of carbon storage through conservation and restoration activities. While additional research is necessary to validate the proposed recommendations, this paper describes much needed first steps and highlights the potential for blue carbon finance mechanisms to provide sustainable funding for MPAs.
Virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality, and the marine conservation movement
Authors: McMillan Kiki , Flood Kathie , Glaeser Russ 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Virtual reality (VR) is defined as the computer‐generated simulation of a three‐dimensional image or environment that can be interacted with in a seemingly real or physical way by a person using special electronic equipment, such as a helmet with a screen inside or gloves fitted with sensors. Other related technologies include augmented reality (AR) and mixed reality (MR).
Virtual reality has the potential to be an effective tool that marine educators and conservationists can use to motivate an interest in and empathy for marine conservation and education at a global level.
However, the various differing systems that are currently available, many with different but vaguely similar names, can make this groundbreaking technology particularly daunting for newcomers.
Understanding the differences among VR, AR, and MR is key to understanding how best to use this technology for the promotion of marine conservation and global education.
There are some potential legal and health‐related impacts on users of VR technology that need to be addressed before VR can truly be effective on a global scale.
Infinite Scuba is a video game developed by Cascade Game Foundry (CGF) that enables players to explore the ocean virtually with Mission Blue founder, Dr Sylvia Earle.
Cascade Game Foundry (CGF) recently introduced a VR version of Infinite Scuba and made some discoveries that should be encouraging to those engaged in the global marine conservation effort.
Virtual reality technology has the potential to play a key role in mobilizing knowledge and conservation action in the future.
Organometallic DNA–B12 Conjugates as Potential Oligonucleotide Vectors: Synthesis and Structural and Binding Studies with Human Cobalamin‐Transport Proteins
Authors: Mutti Elena , Hunger Miriam , Fedosov Sergey , Nexo Ebba , Kräutler Bernhard 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe synthesis and structural characterization of Co‐(dN)25‐Cbl (Cbl: cobalamin; dN: deoxynucleotide) and Co‐(dN)39‐Cbl, which are organometallic DNA–B12 conjugates with single DNA strands consisting of 25 and 39 deoxynucleotides, respectively, and binding studies of these two DNA–Cbl conjugates to three homologous human Cbl transporting proteins, transcobalamin (TC), intrinsic factor (IF), and haptocorrin (HC), are reported. This investigation tests the suitability of such DNA–Cbls for the task of eventual in vivo oligonucleotide delivery. The binding of DNA–Cbl to TC, IF, and HC was investigated in competition with either a fluorescent Cbl derivative and Co‐(dN)25‐Cbl, or radiolabeled vitamin B12 (57Co‐CNCbl) and Co‐(dN)25‐Cbl or Co‐(dN)39‐Cbl. Binding of the new DNA–Cbl conjugates was fast and tight with TC, but poorer with HC and IF, which extends a similar original finding with the simpler DNA–Cbl, Co‐(dN)18‐Cbl. The contrasting affinities of TC versus IF and HC for the DNA–Cbl conjugates are rationalized herein by a stepwise mechanism of Cbl binding. Critical contributions to overall affinity result from gradual conformational adaptations of the Cbl‐binding proteins to the DNA–Cbl, which is first bound to the respective β domains. This transition is fast with TC, but slow with IF and HC, with which weaker binding results. The invariably tight interaction of the DNA–Cbl conjugates with TC makes the Cbl moiety a potential natural vector for the specific delivery of oligonucleotide loads from the blood into cells.
Criminal thinking shifts among male prisoners participating in a cognitive‐based education programme
Authors: Warner Cody , Conley Timothy , Murphy Riley 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundMany prisoners rationalise criminal behaviour, and this type of thinking has been linked to recidivism. Correctional programmes for modifying criminal thinking can reshape how offenders view themselves and their circumstances.AimOur aim was to test whether participation in a cognitive‐based curriculum called Steps to Economic and Personal Success (STEPS) was associated with changes in criminal thinking.MethodsThe STEPS curriculum is delivered in 15 video‐based facilitated classes. A pre‐intervention/post‐intervention survey design was applied to 128 adult male prisoners who completed the programme. Criminal thinking was measured by the Texas Christian University Criminal Thinking Scale, a self‐report instrument with the six domains: entitlement, justification, power orientation, cold heartedness, criminal rationalisation and personal irresponsibility.ResultsParticipants had lower scores in most of the criminal thinking domains after the intervention than before, with largest reductions in justification and power orientation.ConclusionFindings provide evidence that attitudes to crime can be changed in a correctional setting, and the programme under study shows promise as an effective intervention for changing these attitudes among prisoners. Future research should build on these findings to examine whether and how such changes are related to desistance from offending behaviours. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficient Sensitized Z→E Photoisomerization of an Iridium(III)‐Azobenzene Complex over a Wide Concentration Range
Authors: Moreno Javier , Grubert Lutz , Schwarz Jutta , Bléger David , Hecht Stefan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTo improve the sensitized Z→E photoisomerization of azobenzenes, and circumvent the threshold concentration necessary for the bimolecular photoinduced electron transfer reaction to generate the rapidly isomerizing Z‐azobenzene radical anion, an IrIII complex with a covalently tethered azobenzene fragment was synthesized. Selective irradiation of the 1MLCT band of the IrIII complex induced an efficiently sensitized photoswitching of the dyad over a wide concentration range and even at high dilution.
Facet‐Specific Ligand Interactions on Ternary AgSbS2 Colloidal Quantum Dots
Authors: Choi Hyekyoung , Kim Sungwoo , Luther Joseph M. , Kim Sang‐Wook , Shin Dongwoon , Beard Matthew C. , Jeong Sohee 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSilver dimetal chalcogenide (Ag‐V‐VI2) ternary quantum dots (QDs) are emerging lead‐free materials for optoelectronic devices due to their NIR band gaps, large absorption coefficients, and superior electronic properties. However, thin film‐based devices of the ternary QDs still lag behind due to the lack of understanding of the surface chemistry, compared to that of lead chalcogenide QDs even with the same crystal structure. Herein the surface ligand interactions of AgSbS2 QDs, synthesized with 1‐dodecanethiol used as a stabilizer, are studied. For nonpolar (1 0 0) surfaces, it is suggested that the thiolate ligands are associated with the crystal lattices, thus preventing surface oxidation by protecting sulfur after air‐exposure, as confirmed through optical and surface chemical analysis. Otherwise, silver rich (1 1 1) surfaces are passivated by thiolate ligands, allowing ligand exchange processes for the conductive films. This in‐depth investigation of the surface chemistry of ternary QDs will prompt the performance enhancement of their optoelectronic devices.
Comparison of unilateral versus bilateral intensity‐modulated radiotherapy for surgically treated squamous cell carcinoma of the palatine tonsil
Authors: Chin Re‐I , Rao Yuan James , Hwang Michael Y. , Spencer Christopher R. , Pierro Michael , DeWees Todd , Patel Pranav , Sinha Parul , Gay Hiram A. , Daly Mackenzie , Haughey Bruce H. , Nussenbaum Brian , Adkins Douglas R. , Lewis James S. , Thorstad Wade L. 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUNDThe authors hypothesized that unilateral intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) would decrease toxicity compared with bilateral IMRT for patients with lateralized palatine tonsillar cancer and a neck classification of N0 to N2b, with similar oncological outcomes.METHODSA total of 154 patients were treated with postoperative IMRT from 1997 through 2013. Data were collected prospectively from 2005 to 2013 and retrospectively collected before 2005. Of those patients with lateralized primary and N0 to N2b disease, 48 received unilateral IMRT (group 1) and 59 received bilateral IMRT (group 2); a total of 47 patients had nonlateralized primary or N2c to N3 disease and received bilateral IMRT (group 3).RESULTSThe median follow‐up was 5.5 years. The 5‐year locoregional control rates were similar in group 1, group 2, and group 3 (100%, 96%, and 94%, respectively; pooled comparison: P = .39 and group 1 vs group 2 comparison: P = .19). The 5‐year overall survival rates were similar in group 1, group 2, and group 3 (85%, 79%, and 76%, respectively; pooled comparison: P = .60 and group 1 vs group 2 comparison: P = .25). There were no contralateral neck recurrences noted among unilaterally treated patients. Unilateral IMRT reduced acute toxicity and improved patient‐reported quality of life compared with bilateral IMRT.CONCLUSIONSUnilateral IMRT appears to reduce acute toxicity and achieves oncological outcomes similar to those of bilateral IMRT in selected patients with lateralized palatine tonsillar cancer with a neck classification of N0 to N2b. Cancer 2017;123:4594‐4607. © 2017 American Cancer Society.