bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ПРОБЛЕМЫ УЛУЧШЕНИЙ ЖИЛИЩНЫХ УСЛОВИЙ ПРИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ МАТЕРИНСКОГО КАПИТАЛА В ПРИОБРЕТЕНИИ ЖИЛОГО ПОМЕЩЕНИЯ
Authors: Бахмин В.С. , Несмеянова И.А. 
Published: October 2024

В данной научной статье рассмотрены актуальные экономические, социальные и правовые проблемы в области улучшения жилищных условий среди граждан Российской Федерации, которые нуждаются или в скором времени будут нуждаться в улучшении своих жилищных условий. Также внимательно был рассмотрен материнский капитал, цели его использования и полномочия органов опеки и попечительства в Российской Федерации. Основные методы, которые были применены в данной научной статье можно считать: анализ, опрос, классификация, обобщение и статистические методы. Так на сегодняшний день в соответствии с государственной политикой Российской Федерации одними из ключевых приоритетов являются повышение рождаемости и повышение уровня жизни населения путем улучшения жилищных условий граждан Российской Федерации. Проанализировав законодательство Российской Федерации напрямую затрагивающую область жилищных и гражданско-правовых аспектов, выделено несколько ключевых проблем, которые как косвенно, так и напрямую мешают нуждающимся семьям улучшить свои жилищные условия. На основе данных проблем были сформулированы возможные пути их решения с помощью законодательной инициативы и внесения изменений в действующие нормативные правовые акты Российской Федерации.
This scientific article examines current economic, social and legal problems in the field of improving housing conditions among citizens of the Russian Federation who need or will soon need to improve their living conditions. Maternity capital, the purposes of its use and the powers of the guardianship and trusteeship authorities in the Russian Federation were also carefully considered. The main methods that were used in this scientific article can be considered: analysis, survey, classification, generalization and statistical methods. So today, in accordance with the state policy of the Russian Federation, one of the key priorities is increasing the birth rate and raising the standard of living of the population by improving the living conditions of citizens of the Russian Federation. Having analyzed the legislation of the Russian Federation directly affecting the area of housing and civil law aspects, several key problems have been identified that both indirectly and directly prevent needy families from improving their living conditions. Based on these problems, possible ways to solve them were formulated with the help of legislative initiatives and amendments to the current regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.
A Fresh Manner Cuckoo Search Algorithm to Hydrothermal Scheduling in Short Term
Authors: Khalaf K. S. , Mahdy Jaafar M. , Adnan Mohammed Mohammed 
Published: October 2024

The main goal of the short-term hydrothermal scheduling (HS) challenge is to drastically reduce the large fuel cost of producing power by scheduling the hydrothermal energy producers while taking power balance restrictions, the reservoir's storage restrictions, the water's gross discharge, and the thermal power generators' and hydropower plants' operating restrictions into account. Many algorithms have been employed to solve this similar problem, and relevant research have been published in the literature; nevertheless, their scope is limited in terms of the number of 16 iterations required to achieve the solution state and the solution state itself. In order to solve the HS problem, this article suggests applying an improved cuckoo search (CS) algorithm known as the fresh manner cuckoo search (FMCS) algorithm, a modified variant of the conventional CS. The suggested FMCS
Hadith Illumination: Exploring Nawab Siddique Hasan Khan's Legacy
Authors: Asra Aslam  , Rafique Anjum  
Published: October 2024

This research explores the significant contributions of Nawab Ṣiddique Ḥasan Khan (1832-1890), a distinguished scholar from India, to the field of Islamic studies, with a particular focus on Ḥadith. Nawab's profound impact on the Muslim world stems from his dedicated efforts in religious sciences and societal services. As a prolific and gifted author, he extensively covered theology, Quran, Ḥadith, Fiqh, Islamic history, culture, ethics, politics, and economics, showcasing a comprehensive understanding of Islam and its fundamental sciences. Belonging to the Ahl-i-Ḥadith group, Nawab was a strict Sunnite and non-conformist traditionalist, rejecting the authority of medieval Muslim Scholars in favor of individual judgment based on the Quran and the Prophet's sayings. As an eminent Muḥaddith, he vehemently opposed weak and fabricated Ahadith, defending the legislative position of Ḥadith and acknowledging the six canonical books known as al-Ṣihah al-Sittah. His works were recognized for their richness and high research standards. Nawab's valuable contribution as a religious reformer lies in reviving the dynamic and straightforward religion of Islam, particularly as practiced by the early Muslims (Salaf-i-Saliḥin). He emphasized the study of original Islamic sources, challenging the prevalent doctrine of Taqlid in India. As a moderate religious thinker, Nawab opposed fitnah and chaos in religious matters, advocating for the closure of politically motivated controversial issues. His stance against religious innovations, including Bid‘ah and Bid‘ah Hasanah, reflects his commitment to the authenticity of Sunnah. In the realm of Sufism, Nawab, a reformist sufi, endorsed sufism while strictly adhering to the sacred law. He rejected pantheism/unity of being and incarnation, emphasizing adherence to the teachings of the Quran and Sunnah. The present study used the secondary data for analysing the contribution. This research aims to delve into the nuanced contributions of Nawab Ṣiddique Ḥasan Khan to Quranic and Ḥadith studies, recognizing the challenges posed by the condition and quality of his published works. Emphasizing his grand personality and multifaceted contributions to Islamic learning, the study sheds light on the enduring impact of his scholarship on the global Muslim community.
Cybersecurity Compliance Frameworks- a pragmatic view with an IT outsourcing company case study
Authors: Rachel John Robinson  
Published: October 2024

This paper practically deals with the theoretical base drawn from the standards and rules posed by various international bodies in terms of information security. To start with, this paper defines what security framework is applied practically to an IT outsourcing company based in UK named Cyberfox. Hence the relevant laws of the land are analyzed like NIS (The Network and Information Systems Regulations 2018) and GDPR (General Data Protection Regulations). By doing so, a framework in cyber security is tried to be fit in for this company called Cyberfox. By careful analysis and critical evaluation ofthe pros and cons of such companies’ framework and whether it is a workable model is discussed in the first half of the paper. The second half of the paper basically details the NIST (National Institute of Standards & Technology) cyber security framework and the Internal Organization of Standardization protocols in respect to 4 specific standards like Information Security Management systems (ISMS) measurement (ISO 27004), Information security risk management (ISO 27005), Requirements of bodies providing audit services (ISO 27006) and Governance of Information Security (ISO 27014). All these four are studied for their merits and demerits for practical purposes.
آثار انضمام فلسطين لاتفاقية سيداو بدون تحفظات على حقوق المرأة الفلسطينية
Authors: فليج أ.د. غزلان 
Published: October 2024

تعتبر اتفاقية القضاء على كافة أشكال التمييز ضد المرأة (سيداو) (CEDAW) أهم وثيقة عالمية لحقوق المرأة تتضمن القضاء على جميع أشكال التمييز ضدها، وفي كافة المجالات المدنية والسياسية والاقتصادية والثقافية، وقد صادقت عليها العديد من الدول، لكن مع إبداء تحفظات على بعض بنودها لتعارضها مع سياستها أو مع الدين الذي تتبعه.
وبالنسبة لفلسطين، ومع أنها أقرت في قانونها الأساسي بأنها تتبع الدين الإسلامي ولا تخالفه، إلا أنها انضمت للاتفاقية دون إبداء أي تحفظ على بنودها، مما سيعطل تنفيذها نظرا لمخالفتها لأغلب القوانين الداخلية لاسيما قانون الأحوال الشخصية الذي يستمد نصوصه من الشريعة الإسلامية.
إن عدم التحفظ على بعض نصوص الاتفاقية سينعكس سلبا على المرأة الفلسطينية، فالتعارض بين القانون الداخلي والاتفاقية ينعكس سلبا على تمتع المرأة بحقوقها التي أقرتها لها الاتفاقية.
التبليغ الالكتروني وحجيته في الاثبات في النظام الفلسطيني
Authors: القاضي احمد 
Published: October 2024

تشكل التبليغات احد اسباب إجراءات التقاضي ، وقد عالج المشرع الفلسطيني موضوع التبليغات في قانون أصول المحاكمات المدنية والتجارية رقم (2) لسنة 2001 م في الباب الأول منه، إضافة إلى مواد أخرى في قانون التنفيذ رقم (23) لسنة 2005 م، إلا أن كلا القانونان لم يتطرقا إلى إجراءات التبليغ بالوسائل الحديثة مما يخلق عدة إشكاليات تؤدي غالباً إلى ضياع الحقوق نظراً لعدم اكتمال مسطرة التبليغ. ولعل هذا ناتجاً عن عدم استقرار الإنسان في مكان واحد دون التصريح بعنوانه الجديد، مما يؤدي إلى عدم التعرف على هذا العنوان مما ينعكس على صعوبة تبليغه. الامر الذي يتطلب ان يأخذ المشرع الفلسطيني بالحسبان التطورات التكنولوجية الهائلة ويتم تعديل القانون باضافة التبليغ الالكرتروني كأحد الاليات القانونية للتبليغ.
آثار عقد المقاولة في القانون اليمني (دراسة تأصيلية مقارنة)
Authors: مقيبل هاشم 
Published: October 2024

يعتبر عقد المقاولة من أهم العقود التي يعتمد عليها الإنسان للحصول على الخدمات والأعمال، وهو من عقود المعاوضة الرضائية، والتي يجب أن يكون محلها مشروعاً ومعيناً، ويترتب على ذلك العقد آثار متعددة، منها ما يتعلق برب العمل، ومنها ما يتعلق بالمقاول، وقد نصت معظم التشريعات القانونية على تلك الآثار، ومنها القانون اليمني، وقد قمنا من خلال هذا البحث باستقراء تلك الآثار وبيان مرجعيتها الشرعية، كما سعينا من خلال هذا البحث لاستقصاء النصوص القانونية من مختلف التشريعات، ومقارنتها بالقانون اليمني، وتوصلنا إلى أن من أهم الآثار والالتزامات المترتبة على عقد المقاولة والمتعلقة برب العمل هي دفع الأجرة، وتسلم العمل بعد إنجازه، وقد تعرض المقنن اليمني إلى بعض التفاصيل المتعلقة بتعديل الأجرة والتي بينا من خلال هذا البحث تميز وتفرد القانون اليمني بها، كما يبرز لنا هذا البحث ايضاً أهم الآثار والالتزامات المترتبة على المقاول والذي يمثل الطرف الثاني في العقد والتي تتمثل في إحضار آلات العمل، وتنفيذ العمل في الوقت المتفق عليه، وبحسب المواصفات، والضمان ومنع التعسف، وقد بينا في هذا البحث التأصيل الشرعي والقانوني لهذه الجزئيات.
التحقيق أمام المحكمة الجنائية الدولية
Authors: عبدالعال معاذ 
Published: October 2024

بعد مرور أربعة عشر عاما على توجه السلطة الفلسطينية الى المحكمة الجنائية الدولية، تم فتح تحقيق في جرائم حرب مزعومة ارتُكبت في الاراضي الفلسطينية في آذار/ مارس 2021 وذلك بعد أن أقرت المحكمة بأن لها اختصاصا قضائيا على الاراضي الفلسطينية المحتلة، ولاسيما الضفة الغربية وقطاع غزة والقدس الشرقية. وانتقل التحقيق الى عناية المدعي العام الجديد، البريطاني كريم خان، بعد تولّيه المنصب في 16 حزيران/ يونيو 2021 مدة تسع سنوات، خلفًا للغامبية فاتو بنسودا. وتبعا لذلك، سوف تتغير مقاربة الادعاء للتحقيق غي الملفات التي أحيلت الى مكتبه، حيث تناولــت هــذه الدراســة موضــوع التحقيــق مــع المتهــم وإجــراءات محاكمتــه أمــام المحكمــة الجنائيــة الدوليــة والــذي يعــد مــن الموضوعــات المهمــة لمــا لــه مــن أثــر فــي مســتوى الأفراد والــدول والأطراف المتخاصمــة أمــام المحكمــة، فتحقيــق العدالــة يتطلــب القيــام بإجــراءات محاكمة وفقا للأحكام المنصـوص عليهـا فـي القانـون والاتفاقيات الدولية ذات الصلة، وفي الاخير يجب ان نركز على تمازج القانون والسياسة في بنية المحكمة الجنائية الدولية الذي يحتم على الفلسطينيين وضع استراتيجية توافق بين القانون الدولي والسياسة.
الحكم القضائي الباطل في التشريع الفلسطيني، دراسة نقدية تحليلية
Authors: البزار أ. زهور 
Published: October 2024

إن الحكم القضائي الباطل هو الحكم غير المتفق وشروط الحكم القضائي الصحيح والذي شابه عيب، وهذا العيب قد يكون جوهرياً لا يمكن تعديله ويبطل آثار الحكم كافة كأن لم يكن، أو عيب غير جوهري يمكن تصحيحه وتعديله، ويتميز الحكم القضائي الباطل عن غيره من الأحكام القضائية الأخرى مثل الحكم القضائي الصحيح، حيث إن الحكم الصحيح استوفى أركان وشروط الحكم كافة، وإذا ما طعن بهذا الحكم يصبح ذو حجية واجب التنفيذ من جهات الاختصاص، وبخصوص الحكم المنعدم فلا سند تشريعي ولا نص قانوني بخصوصه.
وبمجرد صدور الحكم القضائي في أي نوع من أنواع الدعاوى ترفع المحكمة التي أصدرت الحكم الباطل يدها عن الدعوى عند صدورها للحكم ولا ولاية لها على ملف الدعوى من لحظتها، أما محكمة الاستئناف فلا تنتهي ولايتها وإنما يبدأ كونها هي محكمة الاختصاص للتأكيد عما إذا كان الحكم القضائي باطلًا أم لا، وكذلك عندما ينقض الحكم الصادر عنها من قبل محكمة النقض وتعاد الدعوى إليها من جديد، فهنا تصبح صاحبة الصلاحية في نظر الدعوى. وللحكم الباطل آثار عامة تتمثل في حجية الأحكام عندما لا يطعن فيه وأن هذه الحجية مقصورة على أطرافه فقط، ولا يجوز للغير أن يتمسكوا بها، أما إذا كان البطلان من النظام العام ونص عليه القانون بشكل مباشر فيتوجب على المحكمة إثارة البطلان من تلقاء نفسها.
اعتنق المشرع الفلسطيني نظرية البطلان إذ نص عليها في العديد من نصوص المواد في قانون أصول المحاكمات المدنية والتجارية رقم 2 لسنة 2001، حيث تناولها الباحث بشكل تحليلي، إلا أن المشرع لم يقم بتعريف الحكم القضائي الباطل، وترك الأمر لشراح القانون. تناولت هذه الدراسة تعريف الحكم القضائي الباطل وتمييزه عن غيره من الأحكام والأسباب المؤدية إلى بطلانه والآثار المترتبة على ذلك والطعن بتلك الأحكام حسب الأصول والقانون، وكانت الدراسة تنصب فقط على قانون أصول المحاكمات المدنية والتجارية رقم 2 لسنة 2001، وإسنادها بقرارات من محكمة النقض الفلسطينية.
Charcoal Value Chain as a Determinant of Implementation of Environmental Policies: A Case of Charcoal Management Act 2014 of Kitui County, Kenya
Authors: Muli Joseph Saa , Mbataru Patrick 
Published: October 2024

As economies grew and their energy needs increased, the global demand for charcoal as a source of fuel experienced a steady rise in the last quarter of the 21st century. Charcoal has been a popular and reliable source of energy to meet the recurring energy deficit in many developing countries as a non-renewable energy source. However, it requires intensive production, and harvesting of trees and other wood sources, a practice that when unregulated, can cause rapid deterioration of tree cover alongside the generation of greenhouse gases. This research sought to find out how the charcoal value chain in charcoal production imparted on implementation of environmental policy in the case of charcoal management law in Kitui County. The research used a descriptive survey methodology to obtain quantitative data through questionnaires. The survey sample size of 205 charcoal producers calculated from a target population of 400 Charcoal Producers with a 5% margin error at a 95% confidence level was targeted. Quantitative data obtained was processed and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings indicated that 87% of charcoal producers were not conversant with environmental policies thus impacting negatively on implementation of environmental policies. In addition, 78% of respondents strongly agreed that long value chains between producers and consumers impact negatively adherence to set environmental laws and policies. Consequently, from the study findings, it’s concluded that shortening the link between producer and consumer can help increase charcoal sales and enhance the quality of produce. The study recommended the need to increase government support in product value additions to the locals of Kitui County who are heavily on a producer-consumer approach with less bearing on enhancing the products. This would impoverish the financial gains with sound controls against environmental degradation.
Determinants of Urban Refugee Youths Self-Reliance, in Nairobi City County, Kenya
Authors: Wangui Wambugu Iddah , Kipchumba Dr. Heather Eddah 
Published: October 2024

In urban centers, humanitarian assistance to refugees can be sparse, and insufficient to foster self-reliance, which is shaped by social and economic factors. Thus, urban refugee youths exercise a higher degree of self-reliance than those in camps. The study sought to establish the determinants of urban refugee youths self-reliance in Nairobi City County, Kenya. The study targeted 2972 refugee youths but sampled 297. It draws on data from questionnaires and analyzed questions using content analysis and descriptive and inferential statistics. Most refugee youths, 80%, said they received support from their social networks, with 74.2% valuing and 5.8% not valuing self-reliance. Self-reliance increased where they depended on these networks for housing, work, and emotional support, but was absent where social capital was unavailable. The correlation (r = 0.30, p = 0.00) and regression (β = 0.726, p = 0.00) results revealed that social networks significantly influenced self-reliance. On financial training, 63.3% of the refugee youth indicated having participated in financial training, with 43.5% valuing and 19.8% not valuing self-reliance. Financial training increased self-reliance by helping them to save, pay back loans, or borrow to invest, but hindered it by increasing over-dependence on credit. The correlation (r = 0.738, p = 0.00) and regression (β = 1.871, p = 0.00) results also indicated that financial training significantly influenced self-reliance. On education training, 77.6% of the refugee youths stated having participated in education training, with 54.5 % valuing and 23.1% not valuing self-reliance. Education and Training enhanced their self- through increased employability and pathways to decent work through wage or self-employment. At the same time, some refugee youths lamented they were still unemployed after completing TVET. The correlation (r = 0.151, p = 0.020) and regression (β = 0.1512, p = 0.00) results also indicated that education significantly influenced self-reliance. Regarding legal support, 64.3% of the refugee youths reported having sought legal representation, with 51.6 % valuing and 12.7% not valuing self-reliance. Legal support enhanced the refugee youth self-reliance by facilitating their access to business permits, and pro-bono lawyers’ services. Legal support failed to foster self-reliance where the refugees lacked awareness of their economic, social, and education rights. The correlation (r = 0.260, p = 0.020) and regression (β = 1.497, p = 0.002) results also revealed that legal support significantly influenced self-reliance. The study proposes that humanitarian actors offer selected skilled refugee youths financial start-up capital for micro-enterprises as well as conduct business incubation and follow-ups after financial training. The study also recommends that TVET designers and funders develop curricula that are responsive to market demands to be relevant and deliver skills that are useful in the local labor markets.
Administrative liability for violation of legislation in the field of consumer protection: on the issue of determining the object of the offense
Authors: Chagina Elizaveta Mihailovna , Chamina Anna Andreevna 
Published: October 2024

The issue of separating administrative offenses in the field of consumer protection into a separate category, as well as the inclusion of certain types of administrative offenses specified in the current Code of Administrative Offenses, is actively discussed in the scientific literature. At the same time, determining whether a particular administrative offense encroaches on the rights of consumers has not only theoretical, but also practical significance, especially when it is necessary to determine the statute of limitations for bringing to administrative responsibility. The article analyzes various types of administrative offenses committed both in the field of entrepreneurial activity and in other areas of public relations, in order to determine exactly how these violations affect legal relations with the participation of consumer citizens. The purpose of the study is to identify specific types of administrative offenses that harm civil law relations with consumers that are actually protected by law, as well as their differentiation from violations that, although they do not have a direct impact, nevertheless entail negative consequences for the state of protection and protection of consumer rights. The authors use both general scientific methods, such as logical, analytical methods, and special methods of cognition, in particular, the method of analysis and interpretation of normative legal acts. According to the results of the study, the authors substantiate the conclusion that it is necessary to differentiate administrative offenses in the field of consumer protection in a narrow and broad sense, which is currently not done in the doctrine. Administrative offenses in the field of protection and protection of consumer rights in a narrow sense should be understood only those that directly infringe on consumer rights. In a broad sense, this group should include both administrative offenses that have civil law relations with the participation of consumers as an object, and violations that encroach on other groups of public relations, but have or may have as a consequence a negative impact on relations with the participation of consumers.
Topical issues of improving legislation on rehabilitation in case of illegal administrative prosecution
Authors: Palatin Andrei Vladimirovich 
Published: October 2024

This article examines ways to improve the institute of rehabilitation of individuals and legal entities illegally brought to administrative responsibility in Russian administrative law. The substantiation is given that the institute of administrative and legal rehabilitation consists of a set of actions aimed at making a decision to terminate administrative prosecution on rehabilitative grounds, restoring an innocent person to violated rights and compensation for harm caused. At the same time, there are no legal norms in the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation regulating the consequences taking place after a decision is made to terminate administrative and legal prosecution on rehabilitating grounds and to restore an innocent citizen's violated rights. According to the author, the currently available civil law mechanisms for compensation for harm are not able to fully ensure compliance with the legal consequences of rehabilitation in case of unlawful administrative prosecution. Based on the analysis of practical proposals put forward by scientists, the necessity is justified and ways of implementing legal regulation of administrative and legal rehabilitation using public legal mechanisms are proposed. The main conclusions of the study are that the right guaranteed by Article 53 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation to everyone to compensation by the state for harm caused by illegal actions (or inaction) of public authorities or their officials should be reflected in sectoral (administrative) legislation. For the development of the rehabilitation, it is important to use the experience of countries that recognize in national administrative legislation the right to rehabilitation and compensation for harm caused to an individual or legal entity by illegal actions of the authorities of jurisdiction. Such experience is important for the development of the institute of rehabilitation in Russian administrative legislation. The introduction of the rehabilitation into Russian administrative legislation will not only ensure the rights guaranteed by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, but also improve the quality of the administrative process (in terms of proceedings on administrative offenses).