bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dihydromyricetin Induces Apoptosis and Reverses Drug Resistance in Ovarian Cancer Cells by p53-mediated Downregulation of Survivin
Authors: Xu Yingqi , Wang Shengpeng , Chan Hon Fai , Lu Huaiwu , Lin Zhongqiu , He Chengwei , Chen Meiwan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractOvarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death in gynecological malignancies, and the resistance to chemotherapeutic agents remains a major challenge to successful ovarian cancer chemotherapy. Dihydromyricetin (DHM), a natural flavonoid derived from Ampeopsis Grossdentata, has been widely applied in food industry and medicine for a long time. However, little is known about the effects of DHM on ovarian cancer and the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we demonstrated that DHM could effectively inhibit the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells and induce cell apoptosis. Survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis (IAPs) family member, exhibited a decreased expression level after DHM treatment, which may be attributed to the activation of p53. Moreover, DHM markedly sensitized paclitaxel (PTX) and doxorubicin (DOX) resistant ovarian cancer cells to PTX and DOX by inhibiting survivin expression. Collectively, our findings highlight a previously undiscovered effect of DHM, which induces apoptosis and reverses multi-drug resistance against ovarian cancer cells through downregulation of survivin.
Fusions of Tumor-derived Endothelial Cells with Dendritic Cells Induces Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Huang Yingying , Mao Qiqi , He Jian , Su Jing , Peng Yi , Liang Wei , Hu Zixi , Zhou Sufang , Lu Xiaoling , Zhao Yongxiang 
Published: April 2017

AbstractTo explore dendritic cells/tumor-derived endothelial cells (DC/EC) fusion cells are potent stimulators of T cells to impact tumor progression. ECs were isolated from mice hepatoma cell line (H22) Xenograft, and dendritic cells were isolated from bone marrow of BALB/c mice, then the isolated ECs were cultured and detected the endothelial surface expression of CD105 by flow cytometry. The endothelial characteristics of ECs were detected by tube formation assay and Dil-Ac-LDL uptake assay. After the fusion with polyethylene glycol (PEG), we used DCs, ECs, DCs mixed ECs as the control groups, DC/EC fusion cells as the experimental group, Secretion of IFN-α and IFN-γ was evaluated, T lymphocyte proliferation and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) were detected in vitro. In vivo, T lymphocyte induced by five groups was injected to detect the effect of tumor progression. Purified ECs (CD105+) took the function of endothelial cells, then successfully fused with DCs. The DC/EC fusion cells were functional in stimulating the proliferation of T cells, which produced IFN-α and IFN-γ. In vivo, T cells stimulated by DC/EC fusion cells effectively repressed tumor growth. The fusion cells, which was capable of stimulating T cells, is indispensable for antitumor immunity.
The impact of gold mining and agricultural concessions on the tree cover and local communities in northern Myanmar
Authors: Papworth Sarah , Rao Madhu , Oo Myint Myint , Latt Kyaw Thinn , Tizard Robert , Pienkowski Thomas , Carrasco L. Roman 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMyanmar offers unique opportunities for both biodiversity conservation and foreign direct investment due to projected economic growth linked to natural resource exploitation. Industrial-scale development introduces new land uses into the landscape, with unknown repercussions for local communities and biodiversity conservation. We use participatory mapping of 31 communities, focus groups in 28 communities, and analyses of forest cover change during 2000–2010 using MODIS vegetation continuous fields images, to understand the social and environmental impacts of gold mining and agricultural concessions in Myanmar’s Hukaung Valley (~21,800 km2). Local communities, particularly the poorest households, benefit from work and trade opportunities offered by gold mining and agricultural companies but continue to depend on forests for house construction materials, food, and income from the sale of forest resources. However, gold mining and agricultural concessions reduce tree cover, potentially reducing access to forest resources and further marginalizing these households. Our analyses do not provide evidence that long-term resident communities contributed to forest cover loss between 2000 and 2010. We argue that landscape management, which recognizes local community rights to customary community use areas, and appropriate zoning for commercial land uses and protected areas could contribute to both local livelihoods and protect biodiversity throughout Myanmar during economic growth.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Empirical Modeling of Physiochemical Immune Response of Multilayer Zinc Oxide Nanomaterials under UV Exposure to Melanoma and Foreskin Fibroblasts
Authors: Fakhar-e-Alam Muhammad , Akram M. Waseem , Iqbal Seemab , Alimgeer K. S. , Atif M. , Sultana K. , Willander M. , Wang Zhiming M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCarcinogenesis is a complex molecular process starting with genetic and epigenetic alterations, mutation stimulation, and DNA modification, which leads to proteomic adaptation ending with an uncontrolled proliferation mechanism. The current research focused on the empirical modelling of the physiological response of human melanoma cells (FM55P) and human foreskin fibroblasts cells (AG01518) to the multilayer zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials under UV-A exposure. To validate this experimental scheme, multilayer ZnO nanomaterials were grown on a femtotip silver capillary and conjugated with protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). Furthermore, PpIX-conjugated ZnO nanomaterials grown on the probe were inserted into human melanoma (FM55P) and foreskin fibroblasts cells (AG01518) under UV-A light exposure. Interestingly, significant cell necrosis was observed because of a loss in mitochondrial membrane potential just after insertion of the femtotip tool. Intense reactive oxygen species (ROS) fluorescence was observed after exposure to the ZnO NWs conjugated with PpIX femtotip model under UV exposure. Results were verified by applying several experimental techniques, e.g., ROS detection, MTT assay, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The present work reports experimental modelling of cell necrosis in normal human skin as well as a cancerous tissue. These obtained results pave the way for a more rational strategy for biomedical and clinical applications.
Electrochemistry-mass spectrometry for mechanism study of oxygen reduction at water/oil interface
Authors: Liu Shu-Juan , Yu Zheng-Wei , Qiao Liang , Liu Bao-Hong 
Published: April 2017

AbstractElectrochemistry methods have been widely employed in the development of renewable energy, and involved in various processes, e.g. water splitting and oxygen reduction. Remarkable progress notwithstanding, there are still many challenges in further optimization of catalysts to achieve high performance. For this purpose, an in-depth understanding of reaction mechanism is needed. In this study, an electrochemistry-mass spectrometry method based on a Y-shaped dual-channel microchip as electrochemical cell and ionization device was demonstrated. Combined solutions of aqueous phase and oil phase were introduced into mass spectrometer directly when electrochemical reactions were happening to study the reduction of oxygen by decamethylferrocene or tetrathiafulvalene under the catalysis of a metal-free porphyrin, tetraphenylporphyrin, at water/1,2-dichloroethane interfaces. Monoprotonated and diprotonated tetraphenylporphyrin were detected by mass spectrometer, confirming the previously proposed mechanism of the oxygen reduction reaction. This work offers a new approach to study electrochemical reactions at liquid-liquid interface.
Tissue accumulation of microplastics in mice and biomarker responses suggest widespread health risks of exposure
Authors: Deng Yongfeng , Zhang Yan , Lemos Bernardo , Ren Hongqiang 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMicroplastics (MPs) are a significant environmental health issue and increasingly greater source of concern. MPs have been detected in oceans, rivers, sediments, sewages, soil and even table salts. MPs exposure on marine organisms and humans has been documented, but information about the toxicity of MPs in mammal is limited. Here we used fluorescent and pristine polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) particles with two diameters (5 μm and 20 μm) to investigate the tissue distribution, accumulation, and tissue-specific health risk of MPs in mice. Results indicated that MPs accumulated in liver, kidney and gut, with a tissue-accumulation kinetics and distribution pattern that was strongly depended on the MPs particle size. In addition, analyses of multiple biochemical biomarkers and metabolomic profiles suggested that MPs exposure induced disturbance of energy and lipid metabolism as well as oxidative stress. Interestingly, blood biomarkers of neurotoxicity were also altered. Our results uncovered the distribution and accumulation of MPs across mice tissues and revealed significant alteration in several biomarkers that indicate potential toxicity from MPs exposure. Collectively, our data provided new evidence for the adverse consequences of MPs.
Pathways and Genes Associated with Immune Dysfunction in Sheep Paratuberculosis
Authors: Gossner Anton , Watkins Craig , Chianini Francesca , Hopkins John 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMultibacillary and paucibacillary paratuberculosis are both caused byMycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosis. Multibacillary lesions are composed largely of infected epithelioid macrophages and paucibacillary lesions contain T cells but few bacteria. Multibacillary disease is similar to human lepromatous leprosy, with variable/high levels of antibody and a dysfunctional immune response. Animals with paucibacillary disease have high cell-mediated immunity and variable levels of antibody. This study aims to characterize the immunological dysfunction using TruSeq analysis of the ileocaecal lymph node that drains disease lesions. Immune dysfunction is highlighted by repression ofTCR/CD3genes, T cell co-receptors/co-stimulators, T cell activation and signal-transduction genes. Inflammation was an acute phase response and chronic inflammation, with little evidence of acute inflammation. The high levels of immunoglobulin and plasma cell transcripts is consistent with the anti-MAP antibody responses in paratuberculosis sheep. Also notable was the overwhelming reduction in mast cell transcripts, potentially affecting DC activation of the immune response. This study also shows that there were no fundamental differences in the gene expression patterns in multibacillary and paucibacillary disease, no shift in T cell genes from Th1 to Th2 pattern but rather an incremental decline into immune dysfunction leading to multibacillary pathology.
Key role of 15-LO/15-HETE in angiogenesis and functional recovery in later stages of post-stroke mice
Authors: Wang Di , Liu Yu , Chen Li , Li Pengyan , Qu Youyang , Zhu Yanmei , Zhu Yulan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis study sought to clarify the effects of 15-lipoxygenase/15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in angiogenesis and neurological functional recovery after cerebral ischaemic stroke in mice. In vivo, we performed behavioural tests to determine functional recovery after stroke. Double immunofluorescence staining of CD31 and Ki67/PCNA was performed to evaluate the effects of 15-lipoxygenase/15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid on angiogenesis in an MCAO mouse model. In vitro, we investigated the effects of 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid on BMVEC proliferation and migration. Our results show that MCAO upregulates 15-lipoxygenase expression in a time-dependent manner, especially in later stages of post-stroke. We confirmed that cerebral infarct area was reduced and neurological dysfunction was gradually attenuated after stroke, while 12/15-lipoxygenase knockout mice exhibited the opposite effects. Furthermore, immunofluorescence studies revealed 15-lipoxygenase increased the proliferation of mouse brain vascular endothelial cells in a time-dependent manner, while 12/15-lipoxygenase knockout blocked these effects. Moreover, 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid promoted proliferation and tube formation in BMVECs. These results demonstrate positive influence of 15-lipoxygenase/15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in angiogenesis and neuronal recovery after ischaemic stroke in mice. We also confirmed the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway was necessary for the effects of 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in regulation of BMVEC proliferation and migration, which may potentially be a novel target for the recovery from ischaemic stroke.
iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis reveals key proteins affecting muscle growth and lipid deposition in pigs
Authors: Wang Zhixiu , Shang Peng , Li Qinggang , Wang Liyuan , Chamba Yangzom , Zhang Bo , Zhang Hao , Wu Changxin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractGrowth rate and meat quality, two economically important traits in pigs, are controlled by multiple genes and biological pathways. In the present study, we performed a proteomic analysis of longissimus dorsi muscle from six-month-old pigs from two Chinese native mini-type breeds (TP and DSP) and two introduced western breeds (YY and LL) using isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ). In total, 4,815 peptides corresponding to 969 proteins were detected. Comparison of expression patterns between TP-DSP and YY-LL revealed 288 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), of which 169 were up-regulated and 119 were down-regulated. Functional annotation suggested that 28 DEPs were related to muscle growth and 15 to lipid deposition. Protein interaction network predictions indicated that differences in muscle growth and muscle fibre between TP-DSP and YY-LL groups were regulated by ALDOC, ENO3, PGK1, PGK2, TNNT1, TNNT3, TPM1, TPM2, TPM3, MYL3, MYH4, and TNNC2, whereas differences in lipid deposition ability were regulated by LPL, APOA1, APOC3, ACADM, FABP3, ACADVL, ACAA2, ACAT1, HADH, and PECI. Twelve DEPs were analysed using parallel reaction monitoring to confirm the reliability of the iTRAQ analysis. Our findings provide new insights into key proteins involved in muscle growth and lipid deposition in the pig.
Stretchable Ag electrodes with mechanically tunable optical transmittance on wavy-patterned PDMS substrates
Authors: Ko Eun-Hye , Kim Hyo-Joong , Lee Sang-Mok , Kim Tae-Woong , Kim Han-Ki 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe report on semi-transparent stretchable Ag films coated on a wavy-patterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate for use as stretchable electrodes for stretchable and transparent electronics. To improve the mechanical stretchability of the Ag films, we optimized the wavy-pattern of the PDMS substrate as a function of UV-ozone treatment time and pre-strain of the PDMS substrate. In addition, we investigated the effect of the Ag thickness on the mechanical stretchability of the Ag electrode formed on the wavy-patterned PDMS substrate. The semi-transparent Ag films formed on the wavy-patterned PDMS substrate showed better stretchability (strain 20%) than the Ag films formed on a flat PDMS substrate because the wavy pattern effectively relieved strain. In addition, the optical transmittance of the Ag electrode on the wavy-patterned PDMS substrate was tunable based on the degree of stretching for the PDMS substrate. In particular, it was found that the wavy-patterned PDMS with a smooth buckling was beneficial for a precise patterning of Ag interconnectors. Furthermore, we demonstrated the feasibility of semi-transparent Ag films on wavy-patterned PDMS as stretchable electrodes for the stretchable electronics based on bending tests, hysteresis tests, and dynamic fatigue tests.
Allele-Selective Suppression of Mutant Huntingtin in Primary Human Blood Cells
Authors: Miller James R. C. , Pfister Edith L. , Liu Wanzhao , Andre Ralph , Träger Ulrike , Kennington Lori A. , Lo Kimberly , Dijkstra Sipke , Macdonald Douglas , Ostroff Gary , Aronin Neil , Tabrizi Sarah J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPost-transcriptional gene silencing is a promising therapy for the monogenic, autosomal dominant, Huntington’s disease (HD). However, wild-type huntingtin (HTT) has important cellular functions, so the ideal strategy would selectively lower mutant HTT while sparing wild-type. HD patients were genotyped for heterozygosity at three SNP sites, before phasing each SNP allele to wild-type or mutant HTT. Primary ex vivo myeloid cells were isolated from heterozygous patients and transfected with SNP-targeted siRNA, using glucan particles taken up by phagocytosis. Highly selective mRNA knockdown was achieved when targeting each allele of rs362331 in exon 50 of the HTT transcript; this selectivity was also present on protein studies. However, similar selectivity was not observed when targeting rs362273 or rs362307. Furthermore, HD myeloid cells are hyper-reactive compared to control. Allele-selective suppression of either wild-type or mutant HTT produced a significant, equivalent reduction in the cytokine response of HD myeloid cells to LPS, suggesting that wild-type HTT has a novel immune function. We demonstrate a sequential therapeutic process comprising genotyping and mutant HTT-linkage of SNPs, followed by personalised allele-selective suppression in a small patient cohort. We further show that allele-selectivity in ex vivo patient cells is highly SNP-dependent, with implications for clinical trial target selection.
Photon-phonon-photon transfer in optomechanics
Authors: Rakhubovsky Andrey A. , Filip Radim 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe consider transfer of a highly nonclassical quantum state through an optomechanical system. That is we investigate a protocol consisting of sequential upload, storage and reading out of the quantum state from a mechanical mode of an optomechanical system. We show that provided the input state is in a test-bed single-photon Fock state, the Wigner function of the recovered state can have negative values at the origin, which is a manifest of nonclassicality of the quantum state of the macroscopic mechanical mode and the overall transfer protocol itself. Moreover, we prove that the recovered state is quantum non-Gaussian for wide range of setup parameters. We verify that current electromechanical and optomechanical experiments can test this complete transfer of single photon.
Microbiology of Tracheal Secretions: What to Expect with Children and Adolescents with Tracheostomies
Authors: El Cheikh Mikhael , Barbosa Juliane , Caixêta Juliana , Avelino Melissa 
Published: April 2017

Introduction People with tracheostomies exhibit a higher risk of colonization of the lower respiratory tract, acute tracheitis and pneumonia. Despite this, the culture of tracheal secretions is not a routine in most hospitals, and sometimes empiric therapy is based on personal experience, which is not an ideal situation.
Objective To recognize the pathogens present in the tracheal secretions collected from people up to 18 years old with tracheostomies.
Methods Prospective evaluation of patients under the age of 18 of a tertiary care hospital. A standardized questionnaire was completed, and tracheal secretion aspirates were sent for microbiological cultures and antibiograms.
Results Twenty patients under 18 years of age were evaluated, 65% of whom were male. The microbiological culture was positive in 90% of the patients, and the most common microorganisms found were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (55.5%) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.7%).
Discussion Tracheostomized children and adolescents have respiratory tracts colonized by pathogens, the most common of which is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These patients must undergo tracheal secretion cultures, whether they present symptoms or not, to determine if there is a correlation between the colonization and the infections. This finding could guide the adequate treatment, avoiding the inappropriate use of antibiotics and indicating the better therapy in cases of laryngeal reconstruction.
Conclusion In this sample, the culture of tracheal secretions was mainly positive, and the most common agent was P. aeruginosa. We suggest the routine access to Brazilian children and adolescents tracheal secretion cultures, which could help to make a profile of these children and guide the use of antibiotics.
Normal Left Ventricular Size in Premature Newborns by the Echocardiographic Bullet Method
Authors: Bayle Kenneth , Galotti Geri , Nielsen-Farrell Jill , Yang Jie , Panesar Laurie , Nielsen James 
Published: April 2017

Objective To define the normal range for a novel parameter of left ventricular (LV) size in premature neonates.
Study Design We retrospectively analyzed echocardiographic imaging data to produce percentile nomograms and tabular data for Z-score calculation for LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) in premature neonates. The utility of LVEDV was compared with the current standard for LV size in patients who were treated for a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).
Results The mean gestational age and weight for the normal (n = 85) and PDA (n = 19) cohorts was 33 ± 5 weeks and 1.96 ± 1.0 kg and 25 ± 2 weeks and 0.87 ± 0.3 kg, respectively. The mean LVEDV of the PDA group (97.7 ± 22.2 mL/m^2.76) was significantly larger than that of reference group (63.0 ± 11.2 mL/m^2.76), p = 0.002. The sensitivity of LVEDV was better (68 vs. 11%) compared with LV dimension (the current standard) in detecting a large LV in the PDA patients. The LVEDV for our reference cohort (63.0 ± 11.2 mL/m^2.76) was smaller than the published normals (70.4 ± 9.1 mL/m^2.76, p < 0.001) for infants.
Conclusion Echocardiographic LVEDV can now be utilized to determine the LV size in premature neonates. In patients with a PDA, an elevated LVEDV > +2 Z-scores can serve as objective data to aid in clinical trials and/or management decisions.