bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study of the diagnostic and prognostic role of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 and BRCA1-associated protein 1 expression in different prostatic lesions (an immunohistochemical study)
Authors: Saleh Samah I. , Soliman Amira E. , Aboelkheir Mona A. 
Published: October 2024

Aim
To ascertain the applicability of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and breast cancer gene 1 (BRCA1)-associated protein 1 (BAP-1) in the diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma (PCa) as well as their correlation with different clinicopathological characteristics of PCa cases and the patients’ disease-free survival.

Patient and methods
This study included 10 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 6 cases of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasm PIN (HGPIN), and 60 cases of PCa. Immunohistochemical staining techniques were used to evaluate the roles of EZH-2 and BAP-1 in PCa and their correlations to different clinicopathological data and patient survival.

Results
High nuclear positivity of EZH2 was detected in 53.3% of PCa, while 80% of BPH and 66.7% of HGPIN cases showed no/low expression. Conversely, BAP1 nuclear positivity was detected in 70% of BPH and 50% of HGPIN versus 48.3% of PCa cases. Using the receiver-operating characteristic curve, the EZH2 showed 60.2% sensitivity, 83.3% specificity, and 65% diagnostic accuracy compared with BAP1 that showed 86.7, 51.7, and 58.7%, respectively. However, the markers showed 70% sensitivity, 56.2% specificity, and 67.1% diagnostic accuracy when tested synchronously. A statistically significant inverse relationship between EZH 2 and BAP1 nuclear expression in the examined PCa cases was found. Furthermore, EZH-2 overexpression and BAP-1 nuclear loss are associated with unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics. Moreover, it was demonstrated that EZH-2 overexpression and low patient survival were statistically correlated.

Conclusions
These results suggest that both EZH2 and BAP1 can be added to the diagnostic panel of PCa and can serve as potential independent prognostic biomarkers for predicting the outcome of patients.
Tetraspanin cluster of differentiation 151 expression is associated with unfavorable tumor behavior in muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
Authors: El-Dien Marwa M.S. , Gadallah Marwa S.A. , Alhanafy Alshimaa M. , Holah Nanis S. 
Published: October 2024

Objective
Bladder carcinoma is the most prevalent malignant tumor involving the urinary system. In 2021, it is the tenth most common cancer worldwide. Various carcinomas showed overexpression of cluster of differentiation 151 (CD151), and it affects their behavior and clinical outcome. In addition to its prognostic role, CD151 might be a new promising therapeutic tool. Despite of the research about CD151 starting from 1990s, up to the best of our knowledge, very few studies have been reported its expression and role in bladder carcinoma. This study aimed to assess the expression of CD151 protein in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) and clarify its significance regarding tumor behavior and clinical outcome.

Patients and Methods
The present study examined the immunohistochemical expression of CD151 in 71 archival cases of muscle invasive UCB.

Results
High CD151 percentage of expression was associated with advanced T stage (T3 and T4) and lymphovascular invasion. Higher CD151 optical density was associated with positive nodal status and presence of CD151
+
tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Moreover, nucleocytoplasmic expression of CD151 showed significant association with presence of CD151
+
tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, perineural, and lymphovascular invasion. Tumor clinical stage is the independent prognostic factor affecting both overall and progression free survival.

Conclusion
CD151 might be an important factor in UCB tumorigenesis. Relation between CD151 and unfavorable tumor behavior suggest its role in facilitating tumor cell motility and invasion. The nuclear CD151 might have more roles can not be done by its cytoplasmic partner. Targeting CD151 could be a new therapeutic strategy in UCB.
Apolipoprotein C1 expression in molecular subtypes of breast cancer: clinical correlation and prognostic significance
Authors: Habashy Hany O. , Mahfouz Mena , Eltantawy Ahmed , Abdel-Rahman Manar A. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Breast cancer includes a wide spectrum of tumors with different morphological, molecular, and clinical phenotypes. Further discovery of new prognostic markers with therapeutic implications is warranted. Apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1) is a member of the apolipoprotein family located on chromosome 19 and participates in lipid transport and metabolism. Recently, some studies have explored its association with cancer development.

Material and Methods:
In this study, we aimed to study APOC1protein expression in molecular classes of breast carcinoma and to correlate its expression with other clinicopathologic variables using immunohistochemistry and tissue microarrays in 200 cases of breast cancer in Egyptian women.

Results:
High to moderate APOC1 cytoplasmic expression was observed in 57.5% of the cases. APOC1 expression was common in ER-negative and PR-negative cases in comparison to positive cases (P<0.001), while it was common in HER2-positive cases (P<0.001). Positive APOC1 cases showed a higher Ki67 proliferation index. Expression of APOC1 was more common in ductal followed by the lobular tumor type (P=0.002). Triple-negative basal-like breast cancer. (BLBC) showed the highest expression of APOC1, while the luminal A subtype showed the lowest expression level (P<0.001). Expression of APOC1 was more common in cases with recurrence than in cases without recurrence. Survival analysis showed that APOC1 was a significant prognostic marker for overall survival (log rank: 5.87, P=0.015) and disease-free survival (log rank: 15.86, P<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis mortality showed that APOC1 is an independent prognostic marker with a hazard ratio of 1.47, confidence interval=1.08–1.99, and P value of 0.014.

Conclusion:
Our study showed a strong association between high APOC1 expressions and triple-negative basal-like breast cancer. APOC1-positive breast cancer showed a significantly shorter overall survival and disease-free interval. APOC1 is an independent predictor of mortality in our patient cohort supporting its role in breast cancer progression and highlighting its potential therapeutic implications.
Immunoscore in urothelial carcinoma as a prognostic predictor and its relation to grading and staging
Authors: Elmahdi Mohamed H. , Esmail Reham S. E. , Ibrahim Gehan A. , Shabana Marwa E. 
Published: October 2024

Background
There is growing evidence that the immune system plays a major role in hindering tumor advancement. Tissue densities of CD3+ T lymphocytes and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes have been used to establish an Immunoscore (IS). It has been proven to be a robust prognostic tool in colorectal cancer, but it is not well investigated yet in bladder urothelial carcinoma.

Aim
We aimed to correlate IS in urothelial carcinoma with the different clinicopathologic parameters, to examine its validity and possible role in bladder urothelial carcinoma.

Patients and method
Forty cases of archived paraffin sections from patients diagnosed with bladder invasive urothelial carcinoma and underwent radical cystectomy, were examined for CD3+ and CD8+ by immunohistochemical means. Then, cell densities were measured in tumor core and invasive margins using the image analysis system. The correlations were evaluated between Immunoscore (IS) and characteristics of the included patients and tumor.

Results
IS and tumor stage had a significant connection (P=0.04), showing an inverse relationship, where elevated IS was seen in low T stages. T stages I and II had high IS values, while IS values tended to decrease in stages III and IV. alternately, no correlation has been detected between IS and any of (Patients’ age, sex, tumor size, site, histological type, gross appearance, multifocality, associated urinary bladder bilharziasis, nodal stage, histological grading, vascular or perineural invasion), with (P value >0.05).

Conclusion
Early-stage cancers have a much higher IS. This could be attributable to increased activation of immune cells with tumor antigens during the early stages of tumor progression in an attempt to destroy tumor cells. However, in the advanced phases, tumor cell suppressors modify the immune cells’ defensive capabilities to aid tumor progression. Consequently, studying the molecular nature of the tumors immunity provides ideas for predicting prognosis and determining factors associated with worse prognosis, as well as assisting in choosing the most suitable management plan. Since the IS has biomolecular relevance for assessing immune cell infiltrates, it could be used to develop innovative immunotherapy techniques.
Coronary Sinus Anomalies with Case Illustrations
Authors: Chauhan Akshata J. , Kothari Richa Jayesh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Coronary sinus (CS) is the largest coronary vein that receives blood from all the venous tributaries of the heart. Its variations in anatomy are significant from the surgical point of view, especially in patients with complex congenital heart diseases (CHDs). CS anomalies are rare, but with increasing advancements in imaging, they are often diagnosed with cardiac computed tomography (CT). These are associated with other CHDs, so the radiologists are alerted to look further for different anomalies. The data in this study were collected from the routine contrast-enhanced CT examinations of the patients referred to the Department of Radiology, Narayana Hrudayalaya Hospital, Bengaluru, from January 2019 to August 2023. It was observed that the anomalies were seldom seen as a single entity and instead were seen as a part of the spectrum of anomalies such as persistent left superior vena cava (LSVC), Raghib complex, total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, and interrupted inferior vena cava. Out of these, the most common associated anomaly was found to be persistent LSVC. These anomalies are essential to detect in the preoperative assessment because they may cause significant morbidity in some cases if left uncorrected. Therefore, we must search for other cardiac anomalies when encountering CS anomalies.
Comparison of Different Prognostic Scoring Systems in Predicting the Severity and Outcome in Alcoholic Hepatitis in Indian Patients
Authors: Dhiman Priyank , Grewal Ritu , Puri Pankaj , Issar Neel Kanth , Prasad AS , Jain Rahul , Kalra Manasvi , Jain Harshul 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Alcohol abuse causes a variety of liver diseases including alcoholic steatosis, alcoholic hepatitis (AH), liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. AH is a clinical syndrome which typically occurs after the harmful use of alcohol. There are mild forms that are likely to improve with conservative management, whereas severe cases are associated with a high mortality rate and have a high risk of death despite treatment. The identification of severe AH is important, as this can be associated with 30%–50% short-term mortality. Existing prognostic scores have been validated in the western population, and the data of application in the Indian population are scant.

Materials and Methods:
It is a prospective observational study conducted for 2 years at Tertiary Care Hospital Army Hospital (Research and Referral) Delhi. The sample size was kept to be 45. For each patient, clinical and laboratory values were obtained on the day of admission and used to calculate the prognostic models according to their formulas. The various scores – Maddrey’s discriminant function (mDF), Glasgow AH score (GAHS), age, bilirubin, international normalized ratio (INR), creatinine score, and model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) including its modification MELD-sodium were calculated. For patients started on steroids, early changes in bilirubin level and Lille score were calculated.

Results:
All the prognostic scores were found to be good predictors of mortality. When compared with each other, MELD was most indicative of mortality with maximum area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. All the scores were significantly higher in the nonsurvivors than the survivors (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:
AH is a clinical syndrome that occurs after the harmful use of alcohol and confers a high mortality. Effective treatment and support for patients with AH is dependent on a proper assessment of the disease severity and estimation of the risk of death as early in the course of the disease as possible.
THE EFFECT OF JOB CRAFTING AND SELF EFFICACY ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH WORK ENGAGEMENT AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE (STUDY ON PLTU SALIRA 1X660 MW PT LESTARI BANTEN ENERGI)
Authors: Rizki Khoirul , Prahiawan Wawan 
Published: October 2024

This study aims to test and analyze the influence of employee job crafting and self-efficacy to increase work engagement and improve employee performance. 126 respondents of PT Lestari Banten Energi were selected for the study. The measurement model test in this study was carried out. The structural model was evaluated using R-square for the dependent variable, the Stone geisser Q-square test for predictive relevance, and the t-test to assess the significance of the structural path parameter coefficient. The results showed that (1) there is a positive and significant influence of job crafting on the work engagement of employees, so that the higher the job crafting of employees owned, the better the performance will be. (2) There is an influence of work engagement on the performance of employees because the Tstatic (3,957) > Ttable (1.96) and Pvalue (0.000) sig (0.05) values. (3) There are two factors that mediate the positive influence of the two factors: (1) job crafting, (2) work engagement, and (3) work engagement.
Tamizaje renal
Authors: Sapón Pérez Byron Felipe 
Published: October 2024

OBJETIVO: identificar factores de riesgo de progresión y daño renal en una población autopercibida como sana. MÉTODO: se realizó un estudio con enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental de tipo poblacional, alcance descriptivo se eligió una muestra 94 personas aparentemente sanas, la muestra fue no probabilística y se eligió a conveniencia, se les realizó una entrevista presencial para buscar factores de riesgo de progresión renal y determinación de muestra de sangre y orina en el campo de estudio, la estimación del Índice de Filtrado Glomerular mediante ecuación CKD-EPI, y se calculó el Odds Ratio entre los factores de riesgo encontrados con lesión renal, en personas que desconocían padecerlos. RESULTADOS: de la muestra establecida se buscó la mayor cantidad de variables posibles, se identificaron a 8 personas (8.5% IC 95% [4.38 a 15.90] con tasa de filtrado glomerular menor de 60 ml/min/1.73m2 acompañado de proteinuria y sedimento urinario activo. CONCLUSIÓN: esta actividad permitió identificar personas con posible enfermedad renal y factores de progresión de enfermedad renal que eran desconocidos o ignorados por las mismas y pasibles de tratamiento.
RP-HPLC APPROACH FOR CONCURRENT QUANTIFICATION OF TRIFLURIDINE AND TIPIRACIL PHARMACEUTICAL AND IN BULK FORMS: DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION
Authors: B Mallikarjuna 
Published: October 2024

The proposed RP-HPLC approach effectively quantifies tipiracil and trifluridine in pharmaceutical dosage forms, offering high sensitivity, linearity, and repeatability. Using a phosphate based buffer pH 4.6 and a carrier liquid of methanol with phosphate buffer solution (70:30 v/v), the method employs a Symmetry C18 column (4.6 x 150mm, 5?m, XTerra) with UV absorbance measurement at 273 nm ,the flow capacity of 1.0 ml/min and the run time was carried for 7mins. The retention duration of Tipracil is 2.003min and 5.067min for Trifluridine. The linearity range is 25-125 ?g/ml for both drugs while the regression coefficient lies at ? 0.999. The precision of developed method is confirmed by %RSD values under 2%, and recovery rates of 97-102% demonstrate accuracy and minimal excipient interference, making it suitable for routine quality control.
Ч. Ч. ВАЛИХАНОВ О ПРИЧИНАХ И ПРИРОДЕ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ КОНФЛИКТОВ
Authors: Абдильдина Раушан 
Published: October 2024

Традиционно творчество Ч. Ч. Валиханова осмысливают как ценный источник исторических, этнографических, географических, экономических сведений, материалов о быте и духовной культуре казахов и других восточных народов. В этой связи остается в тени, не всегда четко понимается большое методологическое значение его трудов в изучении социальных явлений, их глубинных причин, в частности, социальных конфликтов и противоречий.
Используемые ученым методологические подходы позволяют более глубоко и научно проанализировать осмысливаемое явление. По мнению Ч. Ч. Валиханова, причиной социальных конфликтов, народных выступлений и протестов является единство объективных и субъективных факторов. Только при наличии объективных факторов – реальное недовольство народа, продиктованное тяжелыми экономическими условиями жизни, несправедливостью в решении политических вопросов, в соединении их с субъективным фактором – лидерами, способными выразить народное недовольство и возглавить народ, вспыхивают социальные конфликты, возникают народные восстания как разрешение объективных социальных противоречий.
Automatic animal monitoring systems based on AutoML technologies
Authors: Sobolevsky V. A. , Laishev K. A. 
Published: October 2024

In contemporary agricultural contexts, the sector is experiencing active processes of automation, underscoring the need for effective tools to develop such automated systems. The utilization of automation tools enhances the efficiency of numerous processes, including those in the domain of animal monitoring. This article examines the application of the AutoML approach as a means for automating the process of generating deep learning models employed in automatic monitoring systems. The VGG19 architecture has been chosen as a testbed for demonstrating the capabilities of the developed technologies. This well-established architecture for deep learning models is designed for object recognition in images.The present study implements a technology for automated structural-parametric synthesis of VGG19 models and the optimization of their hyperparameters. Such an approach allows for the automated creation of models tailored to specific applied problems, even for users lacking specialized knowledge in deep learning.The system delineated in this work is developed on the AutoGenNet software platform, which embodies the No-Code development concept. This concept conceals complex aspects of model creation and training processes from users, significantly lowering the entry barrier for newcomers. Additionally, the AutoGenNet platform incorporates a mechanism for the automatic generation of software wrappers, facilitating efficient interaction with trained models.All aforementioned aspects have contributed to the effective implementation of the AutoML approach for automating the generation and training processes of the VGG19 model. Consequently, the processes associated with solving automatic monitoring tasks reliant on deep learning models have been significantly simplified and expedited.The developed system has been tested on the task of recognizing individual cows. Test results indicated that the system possesses a high degree of scalability and can be adapted for the automated generation of other object recognition models, thereby opening avenues for addressing a diverse array of applied challenges related to the monitoring of various animal species.
Current aspects of the problem of ovarian cysts in bitches of reproductive age
Authors: Meftakh I. A. , Rybin E. V. , Proshkin V. M. 
Published: October 2024

The main task of veterinary reproductive medicine is to ensure healthy and healthy offspring. However, diseases of the reproductive organs in dogs remain one of the unsolved problems of modern veterinary gynecology. Among them, a special place is occupied by cystic lesions of the ovaries and uterus.The need for an in-depth description of the morphofunctional characteristics of the organs of the reproductive system of bitches in pathology is still relevant, since the diagnosis of gynecological diseases in carnivores is ambiguous, and data regarding the causes of cystic formations in dogs are scattered and incomplete.Modern ultrasound diagnostics of the ovaries and uterus in combination with clinical, biochemical, immunological and hormonal studies allows us to determine some of the causes of the occurrence and development of ovarian pathologies in dogs.Elevated cholesterol levels can be considered in conjunction with elevated levels of estradiol, which is a sex steroid hormone derived from cholesterol. In our case, the level of progesterone did not exceed the normal physiological parameters characteristic of the stage of anesthesia, while the indicators of testosterone and estradiol were increased.A significant increase in the concentration of the hormones testosterone and estradiol may cause an imbalance in the reproductive system of the body and may provoke the development of cysts and other neoplasms.Chlamydia and mycoplasma infections can also contribute to the appearance and development of ovarian cysts.In order to improve the forecasting system for the occurrence and development of cystic neoplasms, a subsequent study of the pathogenesis of diseases of the reproductive system of bitches is required in order to identify new interdependencies in it.
The effect of the probiotic feed additive "Healthy calf" on the clinical and morphological parameters of the blood of calves with bronchopneumonia
Authors: Fedulov A. V. , Prusakov A. V. , Yashin A. V. 
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study was to establish the degree of influence of the feed additive "Healthy calf" on the normalization of clinical and morphological blood parameters, when it was introduced into the treatment regimen for bronchopneumonia in calves.The production experience was carried out in a farm that was safe for diseases of infectious etiology. The experiment involved 30 black-and-white calves aged 20 to 30 days, of which three groups were formed. The first (control) intact group (n=10) included clinically healthy animals. The second (n=10) and third (n=10) experimental groups included animals with a clinical manifestation of nonspecific catarrhal bronchopneumonia. The animals of the second and third groups were prescribed a treatment regimen based on antibacterial therapy. They were prescribed Streptomycin sulfate as an antimicrobial drug, at a dose of 10.0 mg / kg of body weight twice a day until full recovery. At the same time, during the entire experiment, as an addition to the above treatment regimen, animals of the third group were given oral probiotic supplement "Healthy Calf".Blood samples to determine the values of its main clinical and morphological parameters were taken at the beginning of the experiment, as well as on the seventh and 14th days of its conduct. Blood tests were performed using generally accepted techniques.It has been established that the use of probiotic feed additive "Healthy Calf" in addition to treatment regimens for catarrhal nonspecific bronchopneumonia can reduce the degree of anemia and the intensity of the inflammatory process.