bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy for Women With Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update on Ovarian Suppression
Authors: Burstein Harold J. , Lacchetti Christina , Anderson Holly , Buchholz Thomas A. , Davidson Nancy E. , Gelmon Karen E. , Giordano Sharon H. , Hudis Clifford A. , Solky Alexander J. , Stearns Vered , Winer Eric P. , Griggs Jennifer J. 
Published: February 2016

Purpose To update the ASCO adjuvant endocrine therapy guideline based on emerging data concerning the benefits and risks of ovarian suppression in addition to standard adjuvant therapy in premenopausal women with estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer. Methods ASCO convened an Update Panel and conducted a systematic review of randomized clinical trials investigating ovarian suppression. Results Two trials investigating the addition of ovarian suppression to tamoxifen did not show an overall clinical benefit for ovarian suppression. Nonetheless, the addition of ovarian suppression to standard adjuvant therapy with tamoxifen or with an aromatase inhibitor improved disease-free survival and improved freedom from breast cancer and distant recurrence compared with tamoxifen alone among the subset of patients who were at sufficient risk for recurrence such that adjuvant chemotherapy was warranted. Compared with tamoxifen alone, ovarian suppression was associated with a substantial increase in menopausal symptoms, sexual dysfunction, and diminished quality of life. Recommendations The Panel recommends that higher-risk patients should receive ovarian suppression in addition to adjuvant endocrine therapy, whereas lower-risk patients should not. Women with stage II or III breast cancers who would ordinarily be advised to receive adjuvant chemotherapy should receive ovarian suppression with endocrine therapy. The panel recommends that some women with stage I or II breast cancers at higher risk of recurrence who might consider chemotherapy may also be offered ovarian suppression with endocrine therapy. Women with stage I breast cancers not warranting chemotherapy should not receive ovarian suppression, nor should women with node-negative cancers 1 cm or less. Ovarian suppression may be administered with either tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/guidelines/endocrinebreast and www.asco.org/guidelineswiki .
Low Endogenous Secretory Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-Products Levels Are Associated With Inflammation and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Prediabetes
Authors: Di Pino Antonino , Urbano Francesca , Zagami Rose Maria , Filippello Agnese , Di Mauro Stefania , Piro Salvatore , Purrello Francesco , Rabuazzo Agata Maria 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

Context:
Prediabetes is associated with atherosclerotic vascular damage.

Objective:
We investigated the correlation of endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end-products (esRAGE), total soluble RAGE (sRAGE) and markers of inflammation, with early cardiovascular disease in subjects with prediabetes. We particularly focused on individuals with prediabetes identified only by glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (5.7–6.4%) who had normal fasting glucose and were normotolerant after oral glucose tolerance test.

Design:
This was a cross-sectional study.

Setting:
The study was conducted in the Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Catania, Italy.

Main Outcome Measure:
sRAGE, esRAGE, carboxymethyl-lysine, S100A12, HbA1c, fasting glycemia, oral glucose tolerance test, pulse wave velocity, and intima-media thickness were evaluated in subjects with prediabetes.

Patients:
Three hundred eighty subjects without previous history of diabetes were stratified into three groups: controls (n = 99), prediabetes (n = 220), and new-onset type 2 diabetes (n = 61).

Results:
Subjects with prediabetes exhibited the following: lower esRAGE (0.29 ± 0.18 vs 0.45 ± 0.26 ng/mL; P &lt; .05) and higher S100A12 levels than controls. RT-PCR analysis in mononuclear cells revealed that the mRNA expression level of the esRAGE splice variant progressively decreased in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes with respect to controls. No difference was observed in sRAGE and carboxymethyl-lysine plasma levels between the groups. After multiple regression analyses, only age, HbA1c, and hs-CRP were independently associated with esRAGE levels. Age, HbA1c, and esRAGE were the major determinants of intima-media thickness, whereas S100A12 and systolic blood pressure were the major determinants of pulse wave velocity. When we analyzed the subjects with HbA1c prediabetes (normal fasting glucose/normotolerant and HbA1c 5.7–6.4%), esRAGE and inflammatory markers plasma levels still remained significantly different in respect to controls.

Conclusions:
Subjects with HbA1c prediabetes exhibited significantly reduced esRAGE levels and increased levels of markers of inflammation. These alterations are associated with early markers of cardiovascular disease.
11. Effect of Heat Stress on Metabolic Disorders Prevalence Risk and Milk Production in Holstein Cows in Croatia
Authors: Gantner Vesna , Kuterovac Krešimir , Potočnik Klemen 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The objectives were to evaluate the effect of heat stress on daily milk traits (yield, fat and protein content, F/P ratio) as well as to determine the differences in metabolic disorders (acidosis, ketosis) prevalence risk regarding the heat stress conditions. For statistical analysis 1,187,781 test-day records of milk, fat, and protein from 89,030 Holsteins reared on 6,388 farms provided by the Croatian Agricultural Agency, were used. Based on the results it could be concluded that heat stress condition causes decline of daily milk yield and components as well as increase of acidosis risk regardless of the lactation stage and increase of ketosis risk during mid-lactation. The research results point out that the test-day records and environmental measurements collected in regular milk recording could be used as a tool for dairy herd monitoring enabling the early detection of unfavourable environmental conditions and the subclinical disorders. Since environmental conditions significantly affect daily milk yield and components, and consequently F/P ratio, further research with the purpose of detailed formulation of metabolic disease risk in relation to the environmental conditions is needed.
4. Quality of Poultry Meat from Native Chicken Breeds – A Review
Authors: Sokołowicz Zofia , Krawczyk Józefa , Świątkiewicz Sylwester 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The objective of the paper was to demonstrate the possibilities of using Polish native breeds of chickens for the production of meat for its specific quality features in the light of worldwide researches. The object of the analysis was the quality of meat from slow-growing chickens raised in varied housing systems, including capons and poulards. The findings of studies on the quality of poultry meat from native breeds obtained from post-production cockerels and from hens in their post egg-laying stage have shown that there are chances for their use in meat production. Native breed hens can also be used as foundation material for the production of capons, poulards or international mixed breeds for purposes of extensive farming. The body weight of native breed hens, including their muscle build depend on the bird’s genotype, feeding, length of exploitation and farming system. Meat from native breed hens, raised in free-range systems has less fat, but with higher polyunsaturated fatty acids in their meat muscles as well as a healthier ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA acids. Outdoor free-range access influences the meat colour, i.e., bright coloured breast muscle (L*) as well as increased intensity of red coloration of leg muscles (b*). Caponisation of hens enhances intensified body weight gains along with increased fattening of meat. In comparison with cockerel meat, the meat of capons is more juicy, tender and of better taste, while poulard meat has distinctively favourable sensory values in comparison with broiler chicken meat.
Mitigating the Risk of Fraud in Documentary Letters of Credit
Authors: Alavi Hamed 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Despite the fact that documentary letters of credit (LC) are meant to facilitate the process of international trade, their specific characteristics may increase the risk of fraud while being used as the method of payment in the process of international transaction. Many factors like exclusive use of documents, geographical distance, absence of efficient prosecution, the diversity of legal system at the global level and restricted application of fraud rule can be considered as reasons for LC fraud. While billions of dollars are lost annually due to fraud in the course of LC operations, such vulnerability can result in reducing the global popularity of documentary letters of credit as the main method of payment used in international trade. Meanwhile, it is worth mentioning that fraud risk management is an unexplored territory in the practice of documentary letters of credit operation. Existing research tries to fill the gap in the study on comprehensive methods for mitigating fraud risk in operations with documentary letters of credit by using risk management theory in order to answer the question of how to manage fraud risk in LC transactions? In a quest to answer the research question, the paper is divided into two parts: the first part is dedicated to preventive measures while the latter explores responsive measures of an enterprise to manage fraud risk in LC transactions.
Policy Effects on the Quality of Public Health Care: Evaluating Portuguese Public Hospitals’ Quality through Customers’ Views
Authors: Fonseca Jaime R. S. , Ramos Rosária M. P. , Santos Ana M. P. , Fonseca Ana P. S. S. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
In this paper, public health care administration issues are reviewed and public hospital patients’ views on quality of health care are empirically tested. The purpose is to support the recommendation of new public policies that lead to better performance, if necessary. Hospital patients’ views on service quality were assessed through a questionnaire to estimate a global customer satisfaction measure. We argue that customer satisfaction should be measured through multiple indicators, as a latent variable. Thus, we considered the latent segment models (LSM) approach to assess customer service satisfaction. We found a twosegment latent structure: segment 1, the satisfied, with 48 percent of patients, mostly male and middle-aged patients; and segment 2, the unsatisfied, with 52 percent of patients, mostly female and youngest/oldest patients.
Multi-Antenna Data Collector for Smart Metering Networks with Integrated Source Separation by Spatial Filtering
Authors: Quednau Philipp , Trommer Ralph , Schmidt Lorenz-Peter 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWireless transmission systems in smart metering networks share the advantage of lower installation costs due to the expandability of separate infrastructure but suffer from transmission problems. In this paper the issue of interference of wireless transmitted smart meter data with third party systems and data from other meters is investigated and an approach for solving the problem is presented. A multi-channel wireless m-bus receiver was developed to separate the desired data from unwanted interferers by spatial filtering. The according algorithms are presented and the influence of different antenna types on the spatial filtering is investigated. The performance of the spatial filtering is evaluated by extensive measurements in a realistic surrounding with several hundreds of active wireless m-bus transponders. These measurements correspond to the future environment for data-collectors as they took place in rural and urban areas with smart gas meters equipped with wireless m-bus transponders installed in almost all surrounding buildings.
„Vielfalt bringt Leben, Einheit aber Tod“. Die Gemeinschaftskonzeption des Völkerrechtlers Lassa Oppenheim
Authors: Weinberg Sonja 
Published: February 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht den wesentlichen Beitrag jüdischer Rechtsgelehrter zur Entwicklung des modernen Völkerrechts zwischen dem Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts und Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts. Das gemeinsame Ziel war die Schaffung einer internationalen, auf universalen Werten gründenden Rechtsordnung und Gesellschaft. Trotz dieses universalen Anspruchs müssen Völkerrechtler jedoch ein Konzept davon haben, was eine Gruppe, ein Staat, eine Nation sowie eine internationale Gemeinschaft eigentlich ausmacht. Am Beispiel Lassa Oppenheims wird anschaulich gemacht, wie ein bedeutender liberaler Völkerrechtler diese Konzepte zu einer Zeit definierte, in der nationalistische Wirklichkeit und internationalistische Ansprüche oft und hart aufeinanderprallten. Der Beitrag zeigt auf, wie Oppenheim versuchte, einen auf das Individuum hin zentrierten Universalismus mit einer vor allem von Johann Gottfried Herder und Guiseppe Mazzini inspirierten nationalen Gemeinschaftskonzeption zu verbinden. Mit dieser Haltung positionierte sich Oppenheim jedoch außerhalb des zeitgenössischen Mainstreams, der sich Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts und zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts in zwei vorherrschende Tendenzen teilte: Einerseits erstarkte der Nationalismus immer mehr zur dominanten politischen Kraft und mit ihm eine auf den Nationalstaat bezogene Rechtsordnung; andererseits gewannen auch universalistische Ideen an Einfluss, deren Vertreter auf die Einheit der menschlichen Gesellschaft und ihrer Interessen pochten.
Prediction of Reactivity Ratios in Free Radical Copolymerization from Monomer Resonance–Polarity (Q–e) Parameters: Genetic Programming-Based Models
Authors: Shrinivas K. , Kulkarni Rahul P. , Shaikh Saif , Ghorpade Ravindra V. , Vyas Renu , Tambe Sanjeev S. , Ponrathnam S. , Kulkarni Bhaskar D. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe principal deficiency of the widely utilized Alfrey–Price (AP) scheme for computing reactivity ratios in the widely used free radical copolymerization is that it ignores important factors, such as the steric effects. This often leads to inaccurate reactivity ratio predictions by AP model. Accordingly, in this study, exclusively data-driven,Q–eparameter-based new models have been developed for the reactivity ratio prediction in free radical copolymerization. In the model development, a novel artificial intelligence formalism known as “genetic programming(GP)” that performs symbolic regression has been employed. The GP-based models possess a different functional form than AP model. Further, parameters of GP-based models were fine-tuned usingLevenberg–Marquardt(LM) nonlinear regression method. A comparison of AP, GP and GP-LM as well as artificial neural network (ANN)-based models indicates that GP and GP-LM models exhibit superior reactivity ratio prediction accuracy and generalization performance (with correlation coefficient magnitudes close to or greater than 0.9) when compared with AP and ANN models. The GP-based reactivity ratio prediction models developed here due to their higher accuracy and generalization capability have the potential of replacing the widely used AP models.
Digital Image Separation Algorithm Based on Joint PDF of Mixed Images
Authors: Wajid Mohd , Sharma Mayank 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
In this article, we have presented an algorithm for separating the mixed or fused images. We have considered that the two independent histogram equalized digital images are linearly mixed, and the joint probability density function (PDF) or the scatter plot of the two observed or mixed images is used for separation. The objective and subjective separation results are presented, and observed to be better than the other existing techniques in terms of Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and Signal-to-interference ratio (SIR).
Deformation Measurement of a Driven Pile Using Distributed Fibre-optic Sensing
Authors: Monsberger Christoph , Woschitz Helmut , Hayden Martin 
Published: February 2016

AbstractNew developments in distributed fibre-optic sensing allow the measurement of strain with a very high precision of about 1 µm / m and a spatial resolution of 10 millimetres or even better. Thus, novel applications in several scientific fields may be realised, e. g. in structural monitoring or soil and rock mechanics. Especially due to the embedding capability of fibre-optic sensors, fibre-optic systems provide a valuable extension to classical geodetic measurement methods, which are limited to the surface in most cases.In this paper, we report about the application of an optical backscatter reflectometer for deformation measurements along a driven pile. In general, pile systems are used in civil engineering as an efficient and economic foundation of buildings and other structures. Especially the length of the piles is crucial for the final loading capacity. For optimization purposes, the interaction between the driven pile and the subsurface material is investigated using pile testing methods. In a field trial, we used a distributed fibre-optic sensing system for measuring the strain below the surface of an excavation pit in order to derive completely new information.Prior to the field trial, the fibre-optic sensor was investigated in the laboratory. In addition to the results of these lab studies, we briefly describe the critical process of field installation and show the most significant results from the field trial, where the pile was artificially loaded up to 800 kN. As far as we know, this is the first time that the strain is monitored along a driven pile with such a high spatial resolution.
Waist-to-height ratio as a marker of low-grade inflammation in obese children and adolescents
Authors: Caminiti Carolina , Armeno Marisa , Mazza Carmen S. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe epidemic of childhood obesity is associated with early atherosclerosis. Several reports have related this event to low-grade inflammation described in obesity. CRP and IL6 are markers that correlate with adiposity. The waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) is an anthropometric marker associated with insulin resistance and inflammation. The objective of this study was to assess the correlation between WtHR, metabolic complications and pro-inflammatory factors in obese children and adolescents.Weight, height, waist circumference, glycemia, insulin, CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 were measured in the baseline sample in 280 patients 6–19 years of age with overweight or obesity (OW/OB) and 112 normal-weight controls. Logistic regression was performed using WtHR as an independent variable. p>0.05 STATA11.Mean WtHR was 0.6±0.06 in OW/OB and 0.43±0.02 in controls (p<0.01). WtHR was increased in 93% of the OW/OB vs. 2% of the controls. In the OW/OB inflammatory markers were significantly increased (p<0.01) compared to the controls (CRP 2.2 vs. 0.8; Il-6 2.9 vs. 2.1; and TNF-α 6.2 vs. 5.5). In the WtHR>0.5, insulin resistence and inflammatory markers were significantly increased (p<0.01) compared to the WtHR<0.5 (HOMA 3.4 vs. 1.4; CRP 2.3 vs. 0.6; Il-6 2.9 vs. 2.1; and TNF-α 6.4 vs. 5.55). In logistic regression, a significant independent association was found between WtHR with CRP (OR1.47), IL6 (OR1.60) and TNF-α (OR1.79).Obese children and adolescents have high inflammatory markers that may increase cardiovascular risk. WtHR is associated with low-grade inflammation and may be considered a relevant anthropometric marker in the clinical practice.
Crystal structure of 14-((1-(benzyloxycarbonyl-amino)-2-methylpropan-2-yl)sulfanyl)acetate Mutilin, C34H49NO6S
Authors: Shang Ruofeng , Yi Yunpeng , Liang Jianping 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
C34H49NO6S, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 11.7112(8) Å, b = 10.0135(5) Å, c = 14.6411(10) Å, V = 1664.4 Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0659, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1269, T = 293 K.
System Dynamics Modelling of the Power Sector in Mauritius
Authors: Deenapanray Prakash N. K. , Bassi Andrea M. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
A system dynamics model has been developed for the power sector of Mauritius, which captures a range of complex interactions between the economic, social and environmental aspects of the national economy, with deeper emphasis on the role of energy in these interactions. The model has been validated by replicating the historical trends of key development indicators, and its results were compared to the projections of the national utility company. The validation process shows that the model provides a faithful representation of the actual electricity sector of Mauritius, and can be easily adapted to the use of different assumptions. This paper describes the main characteristics of the model and its results as compared to electricity demand projections carried out by the Central Electricity Board to 2022. The results suggest that further analysis could be done to test alternative low carbon investment scenarios.
System Dynamic Model for the Accumulation of Renewable Electricity using Power-to-Gas and Power-to-Liquid Concepts
Authors: Blumberga Andra , Timma Lelde , Blumberga Dagnija 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
When the renewable energy is used, the challenge is match the supply of intermittent energy with the demand for energy therefore the energy storage solutions should be used. This paper is dedicated to hydrogen accumulation from wind sources. The case study investigates the conceptual system that uses intermitted renewable energy resources to produce hydrogen (power-to-gas concept) and fuel (power-to-liquid concept). For this specific case study hydrogen is produced from surplus electricity generated by wind power plant trough electrolysis process and fuel is obtained by upgrading biogas to biomethane using hydrogen. System dynamic model is created for this conceptual system. The developed system dynamics model has been used to simulate 2 different scenarios. The results show that in both scenarios the point at which the all electricity needs of Latvia are covered is obtained. Moreover, the methodology of system dynamics used in this paper is white-box model that allows to apply the developed model to other case studies and/or to modify model based on the newest data. The developed model can be used for both scientific research and policy makers to better understand the dynamic relation within the system and the response of system to changes in both internal and external factors.
Moisture Content Impact on Mechanical Properties of Selected Cohesive Soils from the Wielkopolskie Voivodeship Southern Part
Authors: Pezowicz Piotr , Choma-Moryl Krystyna 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Results of investigations of shearing resistance and compressibility of fine-grained cohesive soil from the southern part of the wielkopolskie voivodeship in relation to the increasing moisture content are presented. The analysis of two series of samples, using soil paste for the consistency index of 0.9 and 0.4–0.3 was carried out. The results imply that the increasing moisture content causes a decrease in the angle of shearing resistance and cohesion and is also reflected in the higher compressibility of the soil. It was observed that regardless of the soil consistency, the angle of shearing resistance decreases and the cohesion value and the oedometric modulus of primary (consolidation) and secondary compressibility grows with the increase in the clay fraction.