bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approximate finite‐time control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with dynamic compensation
Authors: Zhang Yongjun , Zhao Jianli , Zhang Fei , Wang Jing 
Published: March 2017

SummaryIn this work, a new robust nonlinear feedback control method with dynamic active compensation is proposed; the active control method has been applied to an integral series of finite‐time single‐input single‐output nonlinear system with uncertainty. In further tracking the closed‐loop stability and nonlinear uncertainty, an extended state observer has been employed to solve the immeasurability and nonlinear uncertainty within a nonlinear system. A singular perturbation theory has been used to solve for the finite‐time stability of the closed‐loop system; furthermore, numerical simulations showed that the robust nonlinear feedback controller tracked the uncertainty in a nonlinear Duffing‐type oscillator and has proven the effectiveness of the approximate finite‐time control strategy proposed. By using an approximate finite‐time control approach with active compensation, the uncertainty in a nonlinear system could be accurately estimated and controlled. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of the Stream Evolution Model to a Volcanically Disturbed River: The North Fork Toutle River, Washington State, USA
Authors: Zheng S. , Thorne C. R. , Wu B. S. , Han S. S. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this study, a recently revised version of the channel evolution model, named the Stream Evolution Model (SEM), was applied to the upper North Fork Toutle River disrupted by the deposition of a 2.5‐km3 debris avalanche during the catastrophic eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980. The results show that, in the first few years following the eruption, upstream channel reaches generally incised, evolving in SEM Stage 4 (i.e. degradation and widening), while downstream reaches aggraded, evolving in Stage 5 (i.e. aggradation and widening). However, starting in the late‐1980s, this simple pattern was disrupted by incision in the downstream reaches, which seemed to propagate upstream. Since the 1990s, lateral channel adjustments have become predominant as rates of vertical adjustment have slowed and river valley top widths relaxed to asymptotic values. Spatial and temporal sequences of channel evolution have tended to follow the sequences of stages expected according to the SEM, although these sequences have been frequently disrupted by renewed incision, secondary cycles of adjustment and the impacts of local geologic, geomorphic and hydraulic conditions. Within the quasi‐full SEM cycles, stages 4 and 5 were sometimes repeated, while stage 6 (quasi‐equilibrium) was sometimes omitted, and stage 8 (anabranching) only occurred in the downstream braided/anabranching reaches. According to the SEM, degradation, widening and lateral activity (stages 4 and 7) are forecast to continue until transverse valley profiles and channel planforms stabilize and floodplain and terrace surfaces are fully colonized by vegetation. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gradients in Catostomid Assemblages along a Reservoir Cascade
Authors: Miranda L. E. , Keretz K. R. , Gilliland C. R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSerial impoundment of major rivers leads to alterations of natural flow dynamics and disrupts longitudinal connectivity. Catostomid fishes (suckers, family Catostomidae) are typically found in riverine or backwater habitats yet are able to persist in impounded river systems. To the detriment of conservation, there is limited information about distribution of catostomid fishes in impounded rivers. We examined the longitudinal distribution of catostomid fishes over 23 reservoirs of the Tennessee River reservoir cascade, encompassing approximately 1600 km. Our goal was to develop a basin‐scale perspective to guide conservation efforts. Catostomid species composition and assemblage structure changed longitudinally along the reservoir cascade. Catostomid species biodiversity was greatest in reservoirs lower in the cascade. Assemblage composition shifted from dominance by spotted sucker Minytrema melanops and buffalos Ictiobus spp. in the lower reservoirs to carpsuckers Carpiodes spp. midway through the cascade and redhorses Moxostoma spp. in the upper reservoirs. Most species did not extend the length of the cascade, and some species were rare, found in low numbers and in few reservoirs. The observed gradients in catostomid assemblages suggest the need for basin‐scale conservation measures focusing on three broad areas: (1) conservation and management of the up‐lake riverine reaches of the lower reservoirs, (2) maintenance of the access to quality habitat in tributaries to the upper reservoirs and (3) reintroductions into currently unoccupied habitat within species' historic distributions. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electroacupuncture Promotes Central Nervous System-Dependent Release of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Salazar Tatiana E. , Richardson Matthew R. , Beli Eleni , Ripsch Matthew S. , George John , Kim Youngsook , Duan Yaqian , Moldovan Leni , Yan Yuanqing , Bhatwadekar Ashay , Jadhav Vaishnavi , Smith Jared A. , McGorray Susan , Bertone Alicia L. , Traktuev Dmitri O. , March Keith L. , Colon-Perez Luis M. , Avin Keith G. , Sims Emily , Mund Julie A. , Case Jamie , Deng Xiaolin , Kim Min Su , McDavitt Bruce , Boulton Michael E. , Thinschmidt Jeffrey , Li Calzi Sergio , Fitz Stephanie D. , Fuchs Robyn K. , Warden Stuart J. , McKinley Todd , Shekhar Anantha , Febo Marcelo , Johnson Phillip L. , Chang Lung-Ji , Gao Zhanguo , Kolonin Mikhail G. , Lai Song , Ma Jingfeng , Dong Xinzhong , White Fletcher A. , Xie Huisheng , Yoder Mervin C. , Grant Maria B. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Electroacupuncture (EA) performed in rats and humans using limb acupuncture sites, LI-4 and LI-11, and GV-14 and GV-20 (humans) and Bai-hui (rats) increased functional connectivity between the anterior hypothalamus and the amygdala and mobilized mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into the systemic circulation. In human subjects, the source of the MSC was found to be primarily adipose tissue, whereas in rodents the tissue sources were considered more heterogeneous. Pharmacological disinhibition of rat hypothalamus enhanced sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation and similarly resulted in a release of MSC into the circulation. EA-mediated SNS activation was further supported by browning of white adipose tissue in rats. EA treatment of rats undergoing partial rupture of the Achilles tendon resulted in reduced mechanical hyperalgesia, increased serum interleukin-10 levels and tendon remodeling, effects blocked in propranolol-treated rodents. To distinguish the afferent role of the peripheral nervous system, phosphoinositide-interacting regulator of transient receptor potential channels (Pirt)-GCaMP3 (genetically encoded calcium sensor) mice were treated with EA acupuncture points, ST-36 and LIV-3, and GV-14 and Bai-hui and resulted in a rapid activation of primary sensory neurons. EA activated sensory ganglia and SNS centers to mediate the release of MSC that can enhance tissue repair, increase anti-inflammatory cytokine production and provide pronounced analgesic relief.
Inherited disorders of transition metal metabolism: an update
Authors: Clayton Peter T. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractElements with a biological role include six trace transition metals: manganese, iron, cobalt, copper, zinc and molybdenum. Transition metals participate in group transfer reactions such as glycosylation and phosphorylation and those that can transfer an electron by alternating between two redox states such as iron (3+/2+) and copper (2+/1+) are also very important in biological redox reactions including the reduction of molecular oxygen and the transport of oxygen. However, these trace metals are also potentially toxic, generating reactive oxygen species through Fenton chemistry. Recently, a role of trace metals in host defence (“nutritional immunity”) has been recognized. The host can deprive the pathogen of a trace metal or poison it with a toxic concentration. Disorders leading to low concentrations of a trace metal can often be treated by supplementing that metal; disorders leading to excessively high concentrations can often be treated with chelating agents such as penicillamine and disodium calcium edetate. This update will address: i) the manganese/zinc transporters (because two new treatable disorders were described in 2016 – SLC39A8 deficiency and SLC39A14 deficiency); ii) copper transporter disorders because we need to improve the treatment of patients with neurological symptoms due to Wilson's disease; and iii) iron homeostasis because recent progress in research into the metabolism of iron and its regulation helps us better understand several inborn errors affecting these pathways.
Associations between amyloid β and white matter hyperintensities: A systematic review
Authors: Roseborough Austyn , Ramirez Joel , Black Sandra E. , Edwards Jodi D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntroductionThis systematic review synthesizes current evidence for associations between cortical amyloid β, visualized on amyloid positron emission tomography imaging, and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden on magnetic resonance imaging in healthy elderly adults and individuals with cognitive impairment and dementia.MethodsFollowing Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) systematic review guidelines, we systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and PsycINFO databases from January 2000 to September 2015.ResultsOur search returned 492 articles, 34 of which met criteria for inclusion in the final selection. Most studies reported no significant relationships between amyloid β and WMH burden across diagnostic groups.DiscussionFindings of this systematic review suggest that amyloid accumulation and WMH are independent but additive processes. The limited number of independent cohorts, lack of longitudinal data, and exclusion of individuals with mixed dementia limit the generalizability of these findings. Further studies are required to elucidate the putative contributions of vascular processes to neurodegenerative pathology.
Cognitive decline associated with pathological burden in primary age‐related tauopathy
Authors: Jefferson‐George Kyra S. , Wolk David A. , Lee Edward B. , McMillan Corey T. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntroductionPrimary age‐related tauopathy (PART) is a neuropathological diagnosis characterized by tau neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the absence of amyloid plaque pathology. Although most individuals over 50 years of age have evidence of NFTs, the clinical and cognitive consequences of PART are not known.MethodsWe evaluated 226 neuropathologically confirmed PART cases from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center database who participated in a total of 846 longitudinal neuropsychological assessments from the Alzheimer's Disease Center program's Uniform Data Set. Mixed‐effects statistical models tested whether cognitive decline was associated with Braak stage NFT burden.ResultsHigher stages of NFT burden in PART, with no evidence or minimal evidence of amyloid pathology, were associated with more rapid decline on tasks involving episodic and semantic memory along with tests of processing speed and attention.DiscussionWe conclude that PART has cognitive consequences that should be considered in the context of emerging tau‐targeted therapies in age‐associated neurodegenerative diseases.
Qualitative pain research emphasizes that patients need true information and physicians and nurses need more knowledge of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)
Authors: Breivik Harald , Butler Stephen 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
In this issue of the Scandinavian Journal of Pain Kari Sørensen and Bjørg Christiansen publish their report on in depth interviews of young patients suffering from CRPS or from severe muscle pain [1]. These patients were recovering from their chronic pain conditions after treatment by a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team.
A continuous version of Liapunov’s convexity theorem
Authors: Colombo Giovanni , Fonda Alessandro , Cellina Arrigo 
Published: March 2017

Given a continuous map

s ↦ μ_s

, from a compact metric space into the space of nonatomic measures on

T

, we show the existence of a family

(\mathrm{A}_{\mathrm{\alpha }}^{s})_{\mathrm{\alpha } \in \left[0,1\right]}

, increasing in

α

and continuous in

s

, such that

\mathrm{\mu }_{s}(\mathrm{A}_{\mathrm{\alpha }}^{s}) = \mathrm{\alpha }\mathrm{\mu }_{s}(\mathrm{T})\:\:\:(\mathrm{\alpha } \in [0,1]).

Résumé

Étant donnée une application continue

s ↦ μ_s

, d’un espace métrique compact dans l’espace des mesures nonatomiques sur

T

, nous montrons l’existence d’une famille

(\mathrm{A}_{\mathrm{\alpha }}^{s})_{\mathrm{\alpha } \in \left[0,1\right]}

, croissante avec

α

et continue en

s

, telle que

\mathrm{\mu }_{s}(\mathrm{A}_{\mathrm{\alpha }}^{s}) = \mathrm{\alpha }\mathrm{\mu }_{s}(\mathrm{T})\:\:\:(\mathrm{\alpha } \in [0,1]).
Dédoublement de courbes invariantes sur le cylindre : petits diviseurs
Authors: Los Jérôme E. 
Published: March 2017

We study an invariant curve doubling bifurcation on the cylinder, obtained from a Hopf and a period doubling bifurcation interaction of a generic two parameter family of diffeomorphisms of

\mathbf R^3

, by restriction to it’s central manifold supposed to be

C^∞

. We generalized to this case some results of Chenciner on degenerate Hopf bifurcation. We find in particular, an analogous local structure of the parameter space : except for an infinity of very thin bubbles, the dynamics looks like a normal form.

Résumé

On s’intéresse à une bifurcation de dédoublement de courbes invariantes sur le cylindre, qui provient de l’interaction des bifurcations de Hopf et de dédoublement, pour une famille générique à deux paramètres de difféomorphismes de

\mathbf R^3

, restreinte à sa variété centrale supposée

C^∞

. On généralise à ce cas des résultats d’A. Chenciner sur la bifurcation de Hopf dégénérée. En particulier, on retrouve une structure locale analogue de l’espace des paramètres : à l’extérieur d’une infinité de bulles disjointes très fine, la dynamique ressemble (dans un sens précisé dans le texte) à une forme normale.
Clostridium DifficileInfection in Acute Care Hospitals: Systematic Review and Best Practices for Prevention
Authors: Louh Irene K. , Greendyke William G. , Hermann Emilia A. , Davidson Karina W. , Falzon Louise , Vawdrey David K. , Shaffer Jonathan A. , Calfee David P. , Furuya E. Yoko , Ting Henry H. 
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVEPrevention ofClostridium difficileinfection (CDI) in acute-care hospitals is a priority for hospitals and clinicians. We performed a qualitative systematic review to update the evidence on interventions to prevent CDI published since 2009.DESIGNWe searched Ovid, MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, the ISI Web of Knowledge, and grey literature databases from January 1, 2009 to August 1, 2015.SETTINGWe included studies performed in acute-care hospitals.PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTSWe included studies conducted on hospitalized patients that investigated the impact of specific interventions on CDI rates.INTERVENTIONSWe used the QI-Minimum Quality Criteria Set (QI-MQCS) to assess the quality of included studies. Interventions were grouped thematically: environmental disinfection, antimicrobial stewardship, hand hygiene, chlorhexidine bathing, probiotics, bundled approaches, and others. A meta-analysis was performed when possible.RESULTSOf 3,236 articles screened, 261 met the criteria for full-text review and 46 studies were ultimately included. The average quality rating was 82% according to the QI-MQCS. The most effective interventions, resulting in a 45% to 85% reduction in CDI, included daily to twice daily disinfection of high-touch surfaces (including bed rails) and terminal cleaning of patient rooms with chlorine-based products. Bundled interventions and antimicrobial stewardship showed promise for reducing CDI rates. Chlorhexidine bathing and intensified hand-hygiene practices were not effective for reducing CDI rates.CONCLUSIONSDaily and terminal cleaning of patient rooms using chlorine-based products were most effective in reducing CDI rates in hospitals. Further studies are needed to identify the components of bundled interventions that reduce CDI rates.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2017;38:476–482
Growth of left ventricular outflow tract and predictors of future re-intervention after repair for ventricular septal defect and aortic arch obstruction
Authors: Jijeh Abdulraouf , Ismail Muna , Alhabshan Fahad 
Published: March 2017

AbstractVentricular septal defect and aortic arch obstruction are usually associated with a narrow left ventricular outflow tract. The aim of the present study was to analyse the growth and predictors of future obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract after surgical repair.MethodsWe carried out a retrospective review of patients who underwent repair for ventricular septal defect and aortic arch obstruction – coarctation or interrupted aortic arch – between July, 2002 and June, 2013. Echocardiographic data were reviewed, and the need for re-intervention was evaluated.ResultsA total of 89 patients were included in this study. A significant left ventricular outflow tract growth was noticed after surgical repair. Preoperatively, the mean left ventricular outflow tract Z-score was −1.46±1 (range −5.5 to 1.1) and increased to a mean value of −0.7±1.3 (range −2.7 to 3.2) at last follow-up (p=0.0001), demonstrating relevant growth of the left ventricular outflow tract after repair for ventricular septal defect and aortic arch obstruction. After primary repair, 11 patients (12.3%) required re-intervention with surgical repair for left ventricular outflow tract obstruction after a mean period of 36±21 months. There were no significant differences in age, weight, and indexed aortic valve and left ventricular outflow tract measurements between those who developed obstruction and those who did not.ConclusionSignificant left ventricular outflow tract growth is expected after repair of ventricular septal defect and aortic arch obstruction. Small aortic valve and left ventricular outflow tract at diagnosis are not risk factors to predict the need for surgical re-intervention for left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in future.
Prevalence of suicide attempt and clinical characteristics of suicide attempters with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a report from the International College of Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (ICOCS)
Authors: Dell’Osso Bernardo , Benatti Beatrice , Arici Chiara , Palazzo Carlotta , Altamura A. Carlo , Hollander Eric , Fineberg Naomi , Stein Dan J. , Nicolini Humberto , Lanzagorta Nuria , Marazziti Donatella , Pallanti Stefano , van Ameringen Michael , Lochner Christine , Karamustafalioglu Oguz , Hranov Luchezar , Figee Martijn , Drummond Lynne , Rodriguez Carolyn I. , Grant John , Denys Damiaan , Menchon Jose M. , Zohar Joseph 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with variable risk of suicide and prevalence of suicide attempt (SA). The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of SA and associated sociodemographic and clinical features in a large international sample of OCD patients.MethodsA total of 425 OCD outpatients, recruited through the International College of Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (ICOCS) network, were assessed and categorized in groups with or without a history of SA, and their sociodemographic and clinical features compared through Pearson’s chi-squared and t tests. Logistic regression was performed to assess the impact of the collected data on the SA variable.Results14.6% of our sample reported at least one SA during their lifetime. Patients with an SA had significantly higher rates of comorbid psychiatric disorders (60 vs. 17%, p<0.001; particularly tic disorder), medical disorders (51 vs. 15%, p<0.001), and previous hospitalizations (62 vs. 11%, p<0.001) than patients with no history of SA. With respect to geographical differences, European and South African patients showed significantly higher rates of SA history (40 and 39%, respectively) compared to North American and Middle-Eastern individuals (13 and 8%, respectively) (χ2=11.4, p<0.001). The logistic regression did not show any statistically significant predictor of SA among selected independent variables.ConclusionsOur international study found a history of SA prevalence of ~15% in OCD patients, with higher rates of psychiatric and medical comorbidities and previous hospitalizations in patients with a previous SA. Along with potential geographical influences, the presence of the abovementioned features should recommend additional caution in the assessment of suicide risk in OCD patients.
Ganetespib synergizes with cyclophosphamide to improve survival of mice with autochthonous tumors in a mutant p53-dependent manner
Authors: Alexandrova Evguenia M , Xu Sulan , Moll Ute M 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe DNA-alkylating cytotoxic agent cyclophosphamide (CTX) is commonly used in the clinic to treat hematological malignancies like lymphomas and leukemias as well as solid tumors, but shows dose-dependent potentially life-threatening toxicities and can induce secondary malignancies. Thus, the clinical utility of CTX would be improved if a companion drug could be identified that allows lowering the CTX dose, while maintaining or even increasing its antineoplastic therapeutic efficacy. In mouse models, high-dose CTX (300 mg/kg) is effective in treating T-lymphomas, while low dose (defined here as 100 mg/kg) is ineffective. We previously showed that the HSP90 inhibitor ganetespib potently suppresses T-lymphoma initiation and progression and extends overall survival (OS) in hotspot knockin mice expressing the p53 gain-of-function mutants R175H and R248Q (mutp53) by 30–59%. Here we asked whether ganetespib could potentiate the effect of low-dose CTX (100 mg/kg) in the autochthonous T-lymphoma-bearing mutp53 R248Q mouse model. Indeed, combinatorial CTX/ganetespib synergistically suppresses growth of autochthonous T-lymphomas in R248Q (p53Q/−) but not p53−/− control mice by reducing mutp53 levels and triggering apoptosis. Combinatorial treatment extends progression-free (PFS) and OS in p53Q/− mice significantly longer than in p53−/− mice. Specifically, PFS of p53Q/− mice improves 8.9-fold over CTX alone versus 3.6-fold in p53−/− mice. Likewise, OS of R248Q/− mice improves 3.6-fold, but worsens in p53−/− mice (0.85-fold) over CTX alone. Moreover, half of the p53Q/− mice on combinatorial treatment lived over 60 days, and one animal reached 121 days. In contrast, p53Q/− mice on single-drug treatment and p53−/− mice on any treatment lived less than 24 days. In sum, ganetespib synergizes with a sub-effective dose of CTX in mutp53 T-lymphomas by suppressing tumor growth and extending survival. Our results provide a potential strategy to reduce the effective clinical dose of CTX in mutant p53-bearing malignancies and attenuate CTX toxicity.