bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep Modulation Alleviates Axonal Damage and Cognitive Decline after Rodent Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Morawska Marta M. , Büchele Fabian , Moreira Carlos Goncalves , Imbach Lukas L. , Noain Daniela , Baumann Christian R. 
Published: March 2016

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. It produces diffuse axonal injury (DAI), which contributes to cognitive impairment, but effective disease-modifying treatment strategies are missing. We have recently developed a rat model of closed skull TBI that reproduces human TBI consequences, including DAI and clinical sequelae such as memory impairment. Here, we investigated whether sleep modulation after trauma has an impact on DAI and memory outcome. We assessed cognition with the novel object recognition test and stained for amyloid precursor protein, a DAI marker. We found that both sleep induction and restriction acutely after TBI enhanced encephalographic slow-wave activity, markedly reduced diffuse axonal damage in the cortex and hippocampus, and improved memory impairment 2 weeks after trauma. These results suggest that enhancing slow-wave sleep acutely after trauma may have a beneficial disease-modifying effect in subjects with acute TBI.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a clinically important entity. Cognitive deficits belong to the most prevalent chronic posttraumatic symptoms, most likely due to diffuse axonal injury (DAI). A growing body of evidence suggests a role of sleep in the clearance of waste products in the brain, possibly including amyloid precursor protein (APP), a marker of DAI. In this study, we provide evidence that enhancement of slow-wave oscillatory activity in the delta-frequency range decreases the APP-immunoreactivity and preserves cognitive abilities after trauma, potentially offering novel, noninvasive treatment options for traumatic injury.
Blocking Synaptic Removal of GluA2-Containing AMPA Receptors Prevents the Natural Forgetting of Long-Term Memories
Authors: Migues Paola Virginia , Liu Lidong , Archbold Georgina E. B. , Einarsson Einar Ö. , Wong Jacinda , Bonasia Kyra , Ko Seung Hyun , Wang Yu Tian , Hardt Oliver 
Published: March 2016

The neurobiological processes underpinning the natural forgetting of long-term memories are poorly understood. Based on the critical role of GluA2-containing AMPA receptors (GluA2/AMPARs) in long-term memory persistence, we tested in rats whether their synaptic removal underpins time-dependent memory loss. We found that blocking GluA2/AMPAR removal with the interference peptides GluA23Yor G2CT in the dorsal hippocampus during a memory retention interval prevented the normal forgetting of established, long-term object location memories, but did not affect their acquisition. The same intervention also preserved associative memories of food-reward conditioned place preference that would otherwise be lost over time. We then explored whether this forgetting process could play a part in behavioral phenomena involving time-dependent memory change. We found that infusing GluA23Yinto the dorsal hippocampus during a 2 week retention interval blocked generalization of contextual fear expression, whereas infusing it into the infralimbic cortex after extinction of auditory fear prevented spontaneous recovery of the conditioned response. Exploring possible physiological mechanisms that could be involved in this form of memory decay, we found that bath application of GluA23Yprevented depotentiation, but not induction of long-term potentiation, in a hippocampal slice preparation. Together, these findings suggest that a decay-like forgetting process that involves the synaptic removal of GluA2/AMPARs erases consolidated long-term memories in the hippocampus and other brain structures over time. This well regulated forgetting process may critically contribute to establishing adaptive behavior, whereas its dysregulation could promote the decline of memory and cognition in neuropathological disorders.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe neurobiological mechanisms involved in the natural forgetting of long-term memory and its possible functions are not fully understood. Based on our previous work describing the role of GluA2-containing AMPA receptors in memory maintenance, here, we tested their role in forgetting of long-term memory. We found that blocking their synaptic removal after long-term memory formation extended the natural lifetime of several forms of memory. In the hippocampus, it preserved spatial memories and inhibited contextual fear generalization; in the infralimbic cortex, it blocked the spontaneous recovery of extinguished fear. These findings suggest that a constitutive decay-like forgetting process erases long-term memories over time, which, depending on the memory removed, may critically contribute to developing adaptive behavioral responses.
Panic Anxiety in Humans with Bilateral Amygdala Lesions: Pharmacological Induction via Cardiorespiratory Interoceptive Pathways
Authors: Khalsa Sahib S. , Feinstein Justin S. , Li Wei , Feusner Jamie D. , Adolphs Ralph , Hurlemann Rene 
Published: March 2016

We previously demonstrated that carbon dioxide inhalation could induce panic anxiety in a group of rare lesion patients with focal bilateral amygdala damage. To further elucidate the amygdala-independent mechanisms leading to aversive emotional experiences, we retested two of these patients (B.G. and A.M.) to examine whether triggering palpitations and dyspnea via stimulation of non-chemosensory interoceptive channels would be sufficient to elicit panic anxiety. Participants rated their affective and sensory experiences following bolus infusions of either isoproterenol, a rapidly acting peripheral β-adrenergic agonist akin to adrenaline, or saline. Infusions were administered during two separate conditions: a panic induction and an assessment of cardiorespiratory interoception. Isoproterenol infusions induced anxiety in both patients, and full-blown panic in one (patient B.G.). Although both patients demonstrated signs of diminished awareness for cardiac sensation, patient A.M., who did not panic, reported a complete lack of awareness for dyspnea, suggestive of impaired respiratory interoception. These findings indicate that the amygdala may play a role in dynamically detecting changes in cardiorespiratory sensation. The induction of panic anxiety provides further evidence that the amygdala is not required for the conscious experience of fear induced via interoceptive sensory channels.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe found that monozygotic twins with focal bilateral amygdala lesions report panic anxiety in response to intravenous infusions of isoproterenol, a β-adrenergic agonist similar to adrenaline. Heightened anxiety was evident in both twins, with one twin experiencing a panic attack. The twin who did not panic displayed signs of impaired cardiorespiratory interoception, including a complete absence of dyspnea sensation. These findings highlight that the amygdala is not strictly required for the experience of panic anxiety, and suggest that neural systems beyond the amygdala are also involved. Determining these additional systems could provide key neural modulation targets for future anxiolytic treatments.
Poor Parental Sleep and the Reported Sleep Quality of Their Children
Authors: Rönnlund Hanni , Elovainio Marko , Virtanen Irina , Matomäki Jaakko , Lapinleimu Helena 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND:
Pediatric sleep disturbances are regularly diagnosed on the basis of parental reports. However, the impact of parental sleeping problems on parental perceptions and reports of their child’s sleep has not yet been studied. We hypothesized that poor parental sleep decreases the parent-reported child sleep quality.

METHODS:
A 1-week actigraph recording was performed in 100 children aged 2 to 6 years recruited in 16 day care centers. Their biological parents completed a sleep diary and a Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) on children’s sleep. The parents also completed the Jenkins’ sleep scale on their own sleep, the 12-item General Health Questionnaire, and questions on demographic factors. Linear regression analyses were performed to study the association of the parental Jenkins’ score on their child’s total SDSC score. Analyses were also performed for 3 of the subscales of the SDSC: disorders of excessive somnolence, disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep, and sleep-wake transition disorders.

RESULTS:
Parental sleeping problems were associated with more frequent reporting of children’s sleeping problems. This association was unexplained by the actigraph measures of children’s sleep, such as actual 24-hour sleep time and sleep efficiency, parental mental health problems, or any other tested potential confounder or mediator. Similar correlations were seen for the 3 analyzed subscales.

CONCLUSIONS:
Parental sleep quality was associated with overreporting of sleep problems in their children. This finding emphasizes the importance of considering parental sleep quality in the diagnosis, treatment, and research of pediatric sleeping problems.
Advanced Ovarian Cancer: Primary or Interval Debulking? Five Categories of Patients in View of the Results of Randomized Trials and Tumor Biology: Primary Debulking Surgery and Interval Debulking Surgery for Advanced Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Makar Amin P. , Tropé Claes G. , Tummers Philippe , Denys Hannelore , Vandecasteele Katrien 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Background.
Standard treatment of stage III and IV advanced ovarian cancer (AOC) consists of primary debulking surgery (PDS) followed by chemotherapy. Since the publication of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer/National Cancer Institute of Canada trial, clinical practice has changed and many AOC patients are now treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS). The best option remains unclear. Ovarian cancer is a heterogenic disease. Should we use the diversity in biology of the tumor and patterns of tumor localization to better stratify patients between both approaches?

Methods.
This analysis was based on results of five phase III randomized controlled trials on PDS and IDS in AOC patients, three Cochrane reviews, and four meta-analyses.

Results.
There is still no evidence that NACT-IDS is superior to PDS. Clinical status, tumor biology, and chemosensitivity should be taken into account to individualize surgical approach. Nonserous (type 1) tumors with favorable prognosis are less chemosensitive, and omitting optimal PDS will lead to less favorable outcome. For patients with advanced serous ovarian cancer (type 2) associated with severe comorbidity or low performance status, NACT-IDS is the preferred option.

Conclusion.
We propose stratifying AOC patients into five categories according to patterns of tumor spread (reflecting the biologic behavior), response to chemotherapy, and prognosis to make a more rational decision between PDS and NACT-IDS.
Benign and Malignant Breast Disease at Rwanda’s First Public Cancer Referral Center
Authors: Pace Lydia E. , Dusengimana Jean-Marie V. , Hategekimana Vedaste , Habineza Hamissy , Bigirimana Jean Bosco , Tapela Neo , Mutumbira Cadet , Mpanumusingo Egide , Brock Jane E. , Meserve Emily , Uwumugambi Alain , Dillon Deborah , Keating Nancy L. , Shulman Lawrence N. , Mpunga Tharcisse 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackground.Breast cancer incidence is rising in low- and middle-income countries. Understanding the distribution of breast disease seen in clinical practice in such settings can guide early detection efforts and clinical algorithms, as well as support future monitoring of cancer detection rates and stage.Patients and Methods.We conducted a retrospective medical record review of 353 patients who presented to Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence in Rwanda with an undiagnosed breast concern during the first 18 months of the cancer program.Results.Eighty-two percent of patients presented with a breast mass. Of these, 55% were diagnosed with breast cancer and 36% were diagnosed with benign disease. Cancer rates were highest among women 50 years and older. Among all patients diagnosed with breast cancer, 20% had stage I or II disease at diagnosis, 46% had locally advanced (stage III) disease, and 31% had metastatic disease.Conclusion.After the launch of Rwanda’s first public cancer referral center and breast clinic, cancer detection rates were high among patients presenting with an undiagnosed breast concern. These findings will provide initial data to allow monitoring of changes in the distribution of benign and malignant disease and of cancer stage as cancer awareness and services expand nationally.
THE ACQUISITION OF PRAGMATIC DIMENSION IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF MALAY: AN EARLY REVIEW
Authors: Wahid Lokman Abd 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis study is focussing on the acquisition of pragmatic structure in the first language parameter, particularly in Malay. The pragmatic structure assumes that a speaker innately has a choice for Face Threatening Acts (FTA's) in his construction of sentences for a particular conversation. The structure of FTA’s are Bald On-Record (BOR), Negative Politeness (NP), Positive Politeness (PP), and Off-Record-indirect strategy (OR). From the pragmatic perspective, each of the FTA’s consists of a certain purpose. To look at the competency of pragmatic acquisition structure, subjects of this study were exposed through classroom interactions based on three learning outcomes. For each learning outcome, subjects were given six situations which totalling to 18 situations for all the three learning outcomes mentioned. Each situations demands subjects to discuss and interact using the FTA’s that they have already acquired. The study shows that in regard of the acquisition of FTA’s among subjects, BOR acquired the highest score, followed by PP, NP, and OR in all the six situations undergone by the subjects. Keywords: Face Threatening Acts (FTA’s), language acquisition, pragmatic AbstrakPenelitian ini berfokus pada akuisisi struktur pragmatis dalam parameter bahasa pertama, terutama dalam bahasa Melayu. Struktur pragmatis berasumsi bahwa seorang penutur memiliki pilihan untuk Tindak Tutur yang Mengancam Muka (Face Threatening Acts/FTA) dalam konstruksi kalimatnya dalam percakapan tertentu. Struktur FTA adalah Bald On-Record (BOR), Kesopanan Negatif (Negative Politeness/NP), Kesopanan Positif (Positive Politeness/PP), dan strategi tidak langsung Off-Record (OR). Dari perspektif pragmatis, masing-masing dari FTA mengandung tujuan tertentu. Untuk melihat kompetensi akuisisi struktur pragmatis, subyek penelitian ini mengikuti interaksi kelas berdasarkan tiga hasil belajar. Untuk setiap hasil belajar, mata pelajaran diberi enam situasi sebanyak 18 situasi untuk ketiga hasil belajar yang disebutkan. Setiap situasi menuntut subyek untuk membahas dan berinteraksi menggunakan FTA yang telah mereka peroleh. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam hal akuisisi FTA, BOR memperoleh skor tertinggi, diikuti oleh PP, NP, dan OR dalam semua enam situasi yang dialami oleh subyek.Kata kunci: Tindak tutur mengancam muka (FTA), penguasaan bahasa, pragmatis
Amplitude-Integrated Electroencephalography Interpretation During Therapeutic Hypothermia: An Educational Program and Novel Teaching Tool
Authors: Sacco Lauren 
Published: March 2016

AbstractTherapeutic hypothermia (TH) is now considered a standard in tertiary NICUs. Amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) is an important adjunct to this therapy and is gaining acceptance for use on the neonatal population. It can be easily incorporated into practice with appropriate education and training. Current publications are lacking regarding nursing care of neonatal patients undergoing TH with the use of aEEG. This article presents a broad educational program as well as novel teaching tool for neonatal nurses caring for this population.
The Neurointensive Care Nursery and Evolving Roles for Nursing
Authors: Peloquin Susan , Carley Annette , Bonifacio Sonia L. , Glass Hannah C. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractNeonatal neurocritical care is an emerging subspecialty that combines the expertise of critical care medicine and neurology with that of nursing and other providers in an interprofessional team approach to care.1,2 Neurocritical care of the neonate has roots in adult and pediatric practice. It has been demonstrated that adults with acute neurologic conditions who are treated in a specialized neurocritical care unit have reduced morbidity and mortality, as well as decreased length of stay, lower costs, and reduced need for neurosurgical procedures. In pediatrics, neurocritical care has focused on various primary and secondary neurologic conditions complicating critical care that also contribute to mortality, morbidity, and duration of hospitalization. However, the concept of neurocritical care as a subspecialty in pediatric practice is still evolving, and evidence demonstrating improved outcomes is lacking.3–5 In the neonatal intensive care nursery, neurocritical care is also evolving as a subspecialty concept to address both supportive and preventive care and optimize neurologic outcomes for an at-risk neonatal patient population. To enhance effectiveness of this care approach, nurses must be prepared to appropriately recognize acute changes in neurologic status, implement protocols that specifically address neurologic conditions, and carefully monitor neurologic status to help prevent secondary injury. The complexity of this team approach to brain-focused care has led to the development of a specialized role: the neurocritical care nurse (neonatal intensive care nursery [NICN] nurse). This article will review key concepts related to neonatal neurocritical care and the essential role of nursing. It will also explore the emerging role of the NICN nurse in supporting early recognition and management of at-risk infants in this neonatal subspecialty practice.
Osteopenia of Prematurity: Does Physical Activity Improve Bone Mineralization in Preterm Infants?
Authors: Stalnaker Kelsey A. , Poskey Gail A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBone mineralization of preterm infants is significantly less than full-term infants at birth, placing preterm infants at risk for osteopenia of prematurity and other metabolic bone diseases. Advances in nutritional supplementation and standard nursing care alone have been unsuccessful in improving bone mineralization postnatally. Research supports a daily physical activity protocol of passive range of motion and gentle joint compression when combined with adequate nutritional supplementation reduces osteopenia of prematurity. This article provides a systematic review of the current evidence surrounding early physical activity and neonatal massage for the treatment of osteopenia and indicates the need for universal handling protocols in caring for this unique population.
Childbearing Women’s Experiences of Early Pushing Urge
Authors: Celesia Monica , Nespoli Antonella , Borrelli Sara E. 
Published: March 2016

AIM: To explore childbearing women’s experiences of early pushing urge (EPU).STUDY DESIGN: A qualitative phenomenological study was undertaken in an Italian maternity hospital. The sample included 8 women that experienced EPU during labor. Data were collected through semistructured interviews.FINDINGS: The findings are presented as three main themes: (a) women’s perceptions of EPU, (b) bodily sensations versus midwives’ advice: struggling between conflicting messages, and (c) the “a posteriori” feeling of women about midwives’ guidance during EPU. The perception of EPU was characterized by sense of obstruction, bone pain, and different intensity of pushing efforts when compared with those of the expulsive phase. Women found it difficult to follow the midwife’s suggestion to stop pushing because this contradicted their bodily sensations. However, the women recognized a posteriori the importance of the midwife’s support while experiencing EPU. Women appreciated the midwives’ presence and emotional support most of all because they seemed to be more concerned with the personal relationship they formed in labor rather than the usefulness or appropriateness of their advice.CONCLUSION: Midwives should consider women’s physical perceptions to help them cope with EPU, acknowledging that women may struggle when caregivers’ suggestions are in contrast to their physical perceptions. The women’s overall positive experiences of birth suggest that EPU might be considered as a physiological event during labor, reinforcing the hypotheses of previous research. The optimal response to the EPU phenomenon remains unclear and should be studied, considering EPU at different dilatation ranges and related clinical outcomes.
Women’s Experience of Birth: Childbirth as a Rite of Passage
Authors: Reed Rachel , Barnes Margaret , Rowe Jennifer 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND:Within midwifery, there is a move toward reclaiming and promoting physiological birth. Because midwifery is woman-centered in nature, it is essential that the experience of birth is understood from the woman’s perspective. To date, there has been little research focusing exclusively on women’s experience of physiological birth.AIM:The aim of this study was to explore women’s experiences of physiological birth.METHOD:A narrative approach was taken, and in-depth face-to-face interviews were used to gather birth stories. The participants were 10 women who had recently experienced a physiological birth. Data were analyzed to identify themes occurring across the narratives.FINDINGS:The findings are presented within the explanatory framework of childbirth as a rite of passage composing of three phases: separation, liminal, and incorporation. During birth, women separated from the external world and sought to minimize external and internal distractions. In the liminal phase, they entered “their own world” and experienced an altered state of consciousness. After their baby was born, they reintegrated with the external world and incorporated their birth experience into their sense of self.CONCLUSION:The findings of this study suggest that women’s experiences during physiological birth are multidimensional and not aligned with biomedical descriptions of physically defined stages of labor. Birth was an empowering and transformative experience for the women in the study. The rites of passage framework may assist with developing a discourse about birth that resonates with women’s experiences.
Identification of seed storage protein markers for drought tolerance in mungbean
Authors: Tripathy Swapan Kumar , Mohanty Priyadarshini , Jena Monalisha , Dash Sasmita , Lenka Devraj , Mishra Dayanidhi , Nayak Pramod Kumar , Swain Digbijaya , Ranjan Rajesh , Pradhan Kedareswar , Senapati Niranjan , Mohapatra Pavitra Mohan , Dash Gokul Bihari 
Published: March 2016

<p><strong>A set of 292 mungbean germplasm accessions including 62 popularly adapted local land races and two wild forms (<em>Vigna radiata</em> var. sublobata), important breeding lines and standard ruling varieties were screened for drought stress tolerance at seedling stage. Eight genotypes e.g., C. No. 35, OUM 14-1, OUM 49-2, Pusa 9072, OM 99-3, Banapur local B, Nipania munga, Kalamunga 1-A) have been identified to possess drought tolerance. Globulin seed storage protein profiling was carried out in 19 selected mungbean genotypes comprising eight drought tolerant, seven drought sensitive, two wild forms of mungbean (TCR 20 and TCR 213) and two standard checks (LGG 460 and T 2-1</strong><strong>)</strong><strong> to explore differentially expressed polypeptides. Seed protein profiles revealed 15 scorable polypeptide bands with molecular weights ranging from 10.0 to 102.2kD. A specific 12.8kD polypeptide band was present in all above drought tolerant test genotypes including the wild accession TCR 20. Such a polypeptide band may serve as useful biochemical marker for identification of drought tolerant genotypes in mungbean. </strong></p><p><strong> Key words: </strong>Genetic diversity, seed storage protein profile, wild and cultivated <em>Vigna radiata.</em><strong> </strong></p>