bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of household food waste in Hungary
Authors: Szabó-Bódi Barbara , Kasza Gyula , Szakos Dávid 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine and quantify the most dominant types of food waste in Hungarian households and to analyse the effect of demographic background and income as influencing factors.Design/methodology/approachData related to solid and liquid food waste were recorded from 100 households for one week. The study primarily focussed on avoidable food waste, however, unavoidable and potentially avoidable food waste were also measured. Appropriate tools and manual were provided to the households to ensure data consistency.FindingsEstimated quantity of total food waste (including liquid waste) per capita is 68.04 kg/year. In all, 48.70 per cent of total food waste would have been avoidable (equals to 33.14 kg/capita/year). Most frequently wasted food categories were meals and bakery products. In case of some demographic categories, different wastage levels were observed. It was also confirmed that income has effect on food waste production that varies by foodstuff categories: bakery product waste was mainly dominant for middle income consumers and fresh fruits were typically wasted by more affluent households. Apart from that, higher income resulted in higher food waste production in general.Practical implicationsThis primary data set about avoidable food waste in Hungary contributes with relevant information to the refining of international estimates. Having specific data on food wastage and the most affected target groups, as well as information on the impact of the income can be applied in planning awareness raising campaigns.Originality/valueThe research is based on measurement of food waste categories in households resulting in detailed data sets. This study is one of the first investigations based on primary data collection from the eastern part of Central Europe and the very first related to Hungary. The study draws attention also to the influence that household income exerts on the issue of food waste.
Sustainable supplier selection in intuitionistic fuzzy environment: a decision-making perspective
Authors: Sen Dilip Kumar , Datta Saurav , Mahapatra S.S. 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to attempt supplier selection considering economic, environmental and social sustainability issues.Design/methodology/approachSubjective human judgment bears some kind of vagueness and ambiguity; fuzzy set theory has immense potential to overcome this. Owing to the advantage of intuitionistic fuzzy numbers set over classical fuzzy numbers set; three decision-making approaches have been applied here in intuitionistic fuzzy setting (namely, intuitionistic-TOPSIS, intuitionistic-MOORA and intuitionistic-GRA) to facilitate supplier selection in sustainable supply chain.FindingsThe stated objective of this research “to verify application potential of different decision support systems (in intuitionistic fuzzy setting) in the context of sustainable supplier selection” has been carried out successfully. A case empirical research has been conducted by applying three different decision-making approaches: intuitionistic fuzzy-TOPSIS, intuitionistic fuzzy-MOORA and intuitionistic fuzzy-GRA to an empirical data set of sustainable supplier selection problem. The ranking orders thus obtained through exploration of aforesaid three approaches have been explored and compared.Originality/valueAs compared to generalized fuzzy numbers, intuitionistic fuzzy numbers exhibit a membership degree, a non-membership degree and the extent of hesitation; a better way to capture inconsistency, incompleteness and imprecision of human judgment. Application potential of aforesaid three decision support approaches has been demonstrated in this reporting for a case sustainable supplier selection.
Numerical simulation of Fe3O4-water nanofluid flow in a non-Darcy porous media
Authors: Sheikholeslami M. , Zeeshan A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate non-Darcy magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow in a uniformly porous medium. It is assumed that viscosity of nanofluid (Fe3O4-water) is a function of external magnetic field. Roles of Darcy number, inclination angle, volume fraction of nanofluid, Hartmann and Rayleigh numbers are demonstrated graphically.

Design/methodology/approach
The problem is modeled, and simulation has been done by means of control volume base finite element method.

Findings
Results proved that Nusselt number enhances with augment of buoyancy forces and Darcy number while it decreases with the increase of Lorentz forces. Isotherms become denser near the inner cylinder with increase of inclination angle and the Darcy number.

Originality/value
As per the authors’ knowledge, this problem is new and not been published before.
A new effective viscosity model for nanofluids
Authors: Etaig Saleh , Hasan Reaz , Perera Noel 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a novel model for predicting the effective viscosity of nanofluids. At present, no unified model exists for the same.

Design/methodology/approach
The present effective viscosity model draws upon the regression analysis of carefully selected published papers covering experimental, numerical and theoretical findings.

Findings
Unlike some other models, this one is reliable and has a good level of accuracy. This model has been assessed in a numerical investigation using a 3D horizontal pipe, and the results are presented.

Originality/value
This is a new model for predicting the effective viscosity of nanofluids. The proposed model has been tested in a 3D horizontal pipe, and the predicted results for viscosity and Nusselt number show good agreement with the available data.
Assessing e-learning system in higher education institutes
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Raza Syed Ali , Qazi Wasim , Puah Chin-Hong 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThis study aims to examine university students’ acceptance of e-learning systems in Pakistan. A Web-based learning system is a new form of utilizing technological features. Although, developed countries have initiated and established the concept for e-learning, developing countries require empirical support to implement e-learning.Design/methodology/approachThis paper further explains a conceptual model that is based on the technology acceptance model (TAM). Earlier theories such as the theory of reasoned action (TRA), theory of planned behaviour (TPB) and decomposed theory of planned behaviour (DTPB) have been conducted on user behavioural intention (BI). TAM is considered as the most relevant framework in a Web-based context. To analyse the present study’s hypothesized model, structural equation modelling (SEM) has been used to statistically analyse self-reported sample data from 424 university students.FindingsThe results revealed that TAM, with the combination of new constructs, explains university students’ acceptance of the e-learning system reasonably well. Additionally, work life quality (WLQ) and facilitating conditions (FC) have a greater influence on the BI and the actual use (AU) of the e-learning system, respectively.Originality/valueThe study has also provided valuable implications for academics and practitioners for ways to enhance the acceptance of the e-learning system in the higher education of Pakistan.
Brand personality: theory and dimensionality
Authors: Davies Gary , Rojas-Méndez José I. , Whelan Susan , Mete Melisa , Loo Theresa 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to critique human personality as a theory underpinning brand personality and to propose instead a theory from human perception, and by doing so, to identify universally relevant dimensions.Design/methodology/approachA review of published measures of brand personality, a re-analysis of two existing data bases and the analysis of one new database are used to argue and test for the dimensions derived from perception theory.FindingsExisting work on brand personality suggests 16 separate dimensions for the construct, but some appear common to most measures. When non-orthogonal rotation is used to re-analyse existing trait data on brand personality, three dimensions derived from signalling and associated theory can emerge: sincerity (e.g. warm, friendly and agreeable), competence (e.g. competent, effective and efficient) and status (e.g. prestigious, elegant and sophisticated). The first two are common to most measures, status is not.Research limitations/implicationsThree dimensions derived from signalling and associated theory are proposed as generic, relevant to all contexts and cultures. They can be supplemented by context specific dimensions.Practical implicationsMeasures of these three dimensions should be included in all measures of brand personality.Originality/valuePrior work on brand personality has focussed on identifying apparently new dimensions for the construct. While most work is not theoretically based, some have argued for the relevance of human personality. That model is challenged, and an alternative approach to both theory and analysis is proposed and successfully tested.
Direct‐acting antiviral treatment of chronic HCV‐infected patients on opioid substitution therapy: Still a concern in clinical practice?
Authors: Christensen Stefan , Buggisch Peter , Mauss Stefan , Böker Klaus H. W. , Schott Eckart , Klinker Hartwig , Zimmermann Tim , Weber Bernd , Reimer Jens , Serfert Yvonne , Wedemeyer Heiner 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackground and aimsThere is limited real‐world information on the effectiveness of antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with direct‐acting antivirals (DAA) in people on opioid substitution therapy (OST). This study compared sustained virological response (SVR) rates and proportion of lost to follow‐up (LTFU) between OST and non‐OST patients in the German Hepatitis C‐Registry (DHC‐R).DesignNational multi‐centre prospective real‐world registry (German Hepatitis C‐Registry, DHC‐R). Non‐OST patients comprised patients with former/current drug use (non‐OST/DU) and patients never consuming drugs (non‐OST/NDU).SettingA total of 254 medical centres in Germany, including 123 centres providing OST.ParticipantsA total of 7747 chronic HCV patients started DAA therapy (739 OST and 7008 non‐OST; 1500 non‐OST/DU; 5508 non‐OST/NDU) patients. Five hundred and twenty‐eight OST and 5582 non‐OST patients had completed antiviral therapy and at least one follow‐up documentation [intention‐to‐treat (ITT) population].MeasurementsStudy outcomes were SVR, proportion of LTFU and safety of treatment.FindingsSVR (ITT) was documented in 85% (450 of 528) OST patients versus 86% (969 of 1126) in non‐OST/DU (P = 0.651) and 92% (4113 of 4456) non‐OST/NDU (P < 0.001) patients. Independent predictors for SVR (P < 0.01 in multivariate analysis) included HCV genotype non‐3 [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.11; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.07–1.15], female sex (aOR = 1.59; CI = 1.30–1.94), platelet counts >90 × 109/l (aOR = 1.51, CI = 1.14–2.01), cirrhosis (aOR = 0.77; CI = 0.62–0.96) and patient group (OST/DI (aOR = 0.58; CI = 0.42–0.78); non‐OST/DU (OR: 0.63; CI = 0.50–0.78). In per‐protocol analysis (PP), SVR rates were ≥ 94% in all patient groups. In OST the proportion of LTFU was higher (10.2%) than in non‐OST/DU (8.5%) and non‐OST/NDU (3.2%, P < 0.001) patients. Independent factors for LTFU (P < 0.01) were HCV genotype non‐3 (aOR = 0.92; CI = 0.88–0.96), female sex (aOR: 0.7; CI = 0.53–0.92), pre‐treatment (aOR = 0.64; CI = 0.50–0.82), OST/DI (aOR = 3.35; CI = 2.35–4.78) and non‐OST/DU (aOR = 2.38; CI = 1.80–3.14).ConclusionsIn Germany, direct‐acting antiviral treatment of former or current drug users with or without opioid substitution therapy can achieve equally high sustained virological response rates as in patients with no history of drug use.
Impacts of Adolescent and Young Adult Civic Engagement on Health and Socioeconomic Status in Adulthood
Authors: Ballard Parissa J. , Hoyt Lindsay T. , Pachucki Mark C. 
Published: January 2018

The present study examines links between civic engagement (voting, volunteering, and activism) during late adolescence and early adulthood, and socioeconomic status and mental and physical health in adulthood. Using nationally representative data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, a propensity score matching approach is used to rigorously estimate how civic engagement is associated with outcomes among 9,471 adolescents and young adults (baseline Mage = 15.9). All forms of civic engagement are positively associated with subsequent income and education level. Volunteering and voting are favorably associated with subsequent mental health and health behaviors, and activism is associated with more health‐risk behaviors and not associated with mental health. Civic engagement is not associated with physical health.
Effect of carbonized apple wood on nitrogen‐transforming microorganisms and nitrogen oxides in soil of apple tree root zone
Authors: Cao H. , Feng F. , Xun M. , Huang P. , Li Y. G. , Ji T. , Wei G. Q. , Zhang W. W. , Yang H. Q. 
Published: January 2018

Biochar amendment is commonly used to mitigate anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions of agricultural soil. A new type of biochar, carbonized apple wood (CAW), was applied at different rates (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 g kg−1) to the soil of 2‐year‐old apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Fuji) grown in pots. The variation in soil abundance of functional genes involved in microbial ammonia oxidation (Anammox and amoA) and denitrification (nirS and nirK) was determined by quantitative PCR, and the nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations in the treated soil were analysed using microelectrodes. The soil's microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus increased significantly with 5 and 10 g kg−1 CAW application, and addition of 5–40 g kg−1 CAW altered microbial nitrogen transformation. Furthermore, 5–40 g kg−1 CAW application at 5–20‐cm soil depth reduced NO and N2O concentrations. Redundancy analysis showed close relations between microbial functional genes and soil variables (including microbial biomass carbon, nitric oxide, nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen) after CAW application. These results indicated that microbial nitrogen transformation varied depending on the amount of CAW applied. Application of a moderate amount of CAW (i.e. 10 g kg−1) reduced the abundance of functional genes involved in microbial nitrogen transformation, suggesting a potential link with the observed reduction in NO and N2O concentrations in the apple root‐zone soil.Highlights

Carbonized apple wood (CAW) changed soil microbial nitrogen transformation in apple tree root zone.
Application of moderate CAW rates reduced abundances of Anammox, amoA, nirS and nirK genes.
Microelectrodes were used to measure nitrous oxides directly in apple root‐zone soil.
Moderate rates of CAW reduced soil NO and N2O amounts in the apple tree root zone.
The Upper Devonian Kellwasser event recorded in a regressive sequence from inner shelf to lagoonal pond, Catalan Coastal Ranges, Spain
Authors: Moreno Carmen , González Felipe , Sáez Reinaldo , Melgarejo Joan Carles , Suárez‐Ruiz Isabel 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study, conducted in the Catalan Coastal Ranges, north‐east Spain, describes the Upper Devonian Kellwasser event in a shallowing‐upward sequence of black shales, siltstones and quartz arenites. This sequence was deposited in a progradational and regressive coastal system where the sedimentary environment evolved from the inner shelf to a lagoonal pond located landward of the shoreline. Three anomalous succeeding steps have been identified by geochemical analysis. The first one, detected on the inner shelf, was characterized by oxygen depletion and high organic productivity. The second, detected in the nearshore, was caused by hydrothermal activity occurring under normal oxic conditions. The third and most intense step was identified in the muds of the lagoonal pond and has been linked to strong anoxic conditions, elevated clastic input derived from changes in the weathering regime at the source area and moderate hydrothermal activity. The Kellwasser event is thus defined in the study area as stepwise and multi‐causal. This is the first time that the Kellwasser event has been identified in a sedimentary environment behind the shoreline. It is also the first time that it has been reported in the Catalan Coastal Ranges.
OxyR-Dependent Transcription Response of Sinorhizobium meliloti to Oxidative Stress
Authors: Lehman Alisa P. , Long Sharon R. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Reactive oxygen species such as peroxides play an important role in plant development, cell wall maturation, and defense responses. During nodulation with the host plant
Medicago sativa
,
Sinorhizobium meliloti
cells are exposed to H
2
O
2
in infection threads and developing nodules (R. Santos, D. Hérouart, S. Sigaud, D. Touati, and A. Puppo, Mol Plant Microbe Interact 14:86–89, 2001,
https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI.2001.14.1.86
).
S. meliloti
cells likely also experience oxidative stress, from both internal and external sources, during life in the soil. Here, we present microarray transcription data for
S. meliloti
wild-type cells compared to a mutant deficient in the key oxidative regulatory protein OxyR, each in response to H
2
O
2
treatment. Several alternative sigma factor genes are upregulated in the response to H
2
O
2
; the stress sigma gene
rpoE2
shows OxyR-dependent induction by H
2
O
2
, while
rpoH1
expression is induced by H
2
O
2
irrespective of the
oxyR
genotype. The activity of the RpoE2 sigma factor in turn causes increased expression of two more sigma factor genes,
rpoE5
and
rpoH2
. Strains with deletions of
rpoH1
showed improved survival in H
2
O
2
as well as increased levels of
oxyR
and total catalase expression. These results imply that Δ
rpoH1
strains are primed to deal with oxidative stress. This work presents a global view of
S. meliloti
gene expression changes, and of regulation of those changes, in response to H
2
O
2
.

IMPORTANCE
Like all aerobic organisms, the symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterium
Sinorhizobium meliloti
experiences oxidative stress throughout its complex life cycle. This report describes the global transcriptional changes that
S. meliloti
makes in response to H
2
O
2
and the roles of the OxyR transcriptional regulator and the RpoH1 sigma factor in regulating those changes. By understanding the complex regulatory response of
S. meliloti
to oxidative stress, we may further understand the role that reactive oxygen species play as both stressors and potential signals during symbiosis.
The experience of living with patellofemoral pain—loss, confusion and fear-avoidance: a UK qualitative study
Authors: Smith Benjamin E , Moffatt Fiona , Hendrick Paul , Bateman Marcus , Rathleff Michael Skovdal , Selfe James , Smith Toby O , Logan Pip 
Published: January 2018

ObjectivesTo investigate the experience of living with patellofemoral pain (PFP).DesignQualitative study design using semistructured interviews and analysed thematically using the guidelines set out by Braun and Clarke.SettingA National Health Service physiotherapy clinic within a large UK teaching hospital.ParticipantsA convenience sample of 10 participants, aged between 18 and 40 years, with a diagnosis of PFP and on a physiotherapy waiting list, prior to starting physiotherapy.ResultsParticipants offered rich and detailed accounts of the impact and lived experience of PFP, including loss of physical and functional ability; loss of self-identity; pain-related confusion and difficulty making sense of their pain; pain-related fear, including fear-avoidance and ‘damage’ beliefs; inappropriate coping strategies and fear of the future. The five major themes that emerged from the data were: (1) impact on self; (2) uncertainty, confusion and sense making; (3) exercise and activity beliefs; (4) behavioural coping strategies and (5) expectations of the future.ConclusionsThese findings offer an insight into the lived experience of individuals with PFP. Previous literature has focused on pain and biomechanics, rather than the individual experience, attached meanings and any wider context within a sociocultural perspective. Our findings suggest that future research is warranted into biopsychosocial targeted interventions aimed at the beliefs and pain-related fear for people with PFP. The current consensus that best-evidence treatments consisting of hip and knee strengthening may not be adequate to address the fears and beliefs identified in the current study. Further qualitative research may be warranted on the impact and interpretation of medical terminology commonly used with this patient group, for example, ‘weakness’ and ‘patellar mal-tracking’ and its impact and interpretation by patients.Trial registration numberISRCTN35272486; Pre-results.
Health outcomes of unpaid care workers in low-income and middle-income countries: a protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Magaña Irene , Martínez Pablo , Loyola María-Soledad 
Published: January 2018

IntroductionThe literature on health outcomes of unpaid care work has included studies coming from high-income countries, and has reported gender inequalities that make caregiving women more vulnerable to physical and mental health problems. The impact of unpaid care work on the health of those living in low-income and middle-income countries, where women’s autonomy is more limited, is unknown.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a systematic review of observational studies on health outcomes according to unpaid caregiving status and sex of people living in low-income and middle-income countries. Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed and Scientific Electronic Library Online Citation Index will be searched for reports in English or Spanish with published results from inception to 1 June 2017. We expect the studies to have recruited individuals in low-income and middle-income countries, including exposed and non-exposed groups to participation in unpaid care to members if their households or community reporting either physical and/or mental health problems, self-reported health-related quality of life, self-care skills/behaviours or use of any healthcare services in the participants. Data extraction, the assessment of risk of bias and confounding, and qualitative synthesis will be carried out by two independent reviewers with the assistance of a third party.DisseminationResults are expected to be published in peer-reviewed journals from the field of health and gender, or health and inequality.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017071785.