bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Function-based risk reduction intervention for lifestyle-related disorders among inactive 40-year-old people: a pilot randomised controlled trial
Authors: Bornhöft Lena , Arvidsson Daniel , Bergenheim Anna , Börjesson Mats , Fridolfsson Jonatan , Hellgren Margareta , Nordeman Lena , Larsson Maria E. H. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Interventions for preventing or reducing the development of lifestyle-related disorders should be investigated as these conditions are becoming increasingly prevalent and having large effects on quality of life and life expectancy globally. The aim of this pilot study was to prepare for a full-scale randomised controlled trial by evaluating the short-term changes resulting from a function-based preventive intervention aimed at lifestyle-related disorders on a small group of physically inactive 40-year-old people. Change in objectively measured physical activity, functional capacity according to a risk profile, and goal attainment were main outcomes.

Methods
Participants (n = 27) underwent functional examinations including tests of fitness, strength, mobility, balance, and posture as well as standard medical examinations including weight measures, blood pressure and blood tests and were randomised to two groups. The intervention group (n = 15) received feedback from all the examinations and lifestyle counselling based on a functional profile. The control group (n = 12) received feedback only from the standard medical examination. Follow-up was at 3–4 months. Changes in physical activity measured with accelerometers, functional levels on the functional profile, goal attainment and subjective assessments of health-related quality of life, motivation, function, and physical activity were examined, as were standard medical parameters.

Results
Change in mean time in moderate or more intense physical activity was 9 min higher in the intervention group (95% confidence interval -6.35, 24.51) and change in sedentary time was 42 min lower (-95.24, 11.32). The intervention group showed a higher increase in motivation for change 1.58 on 10-point scale (0.20, 2.97) and indicated more improvement on the functional risk levels concerning fitness (-0.06, 0.90). Correlation between objectively measured and self-assessed physical activity and function increased after the intervention. Most participants in the intervention group achieved some or all of their goals.

Conclusions
This small-scale pilot intervention with functional examinations and lifestyle counselling showed positive tendencies for change in short-term physical activity level. It seemed to lead to better understanding of personal functional capacity and increased motivation for lifestyle changes. Setting and fulfilling meaningful goals for lifestyle-related changes seemed to influence levels on the functional profile in positive directions. Research on larger and more diverse populations will be necessary to better understand the implications of the intervention.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05535296 first posted on 10/09/2022.
Training clinical professionals to deliver a patient centered intervention in healthcare settings
Authors: Matthieu Monica M. , Oliver Ciara M. , McCullough Jane Ann , Mallory Mary J. , Taylor Laura D. , Koget Jennifer A. , Jensen Jamie , Adkins David A. , Smith Robin M. , Garner Kimberly K. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWithin the healthcare settings of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), one patient-centered intervention, Advance Care Planning via Group Visits (ACP-GV), engages veterans and those they trust in advance care planning (ACP) by facilitating a discussion that encourages participants to plan for future healthcare needs. ACP-GV is a one-hour, single session group intervention facilitated by a trained clinical professional (e.g., physician, nurse, social worker, psychologist, chaplain) and delivered in a healthcare or community-based setting. Using reporting guidelines for group-based and educational interventions, this paper aims to describe the ACP-GV Facilitator Training used to prepare clinical professionals to offer the ACP-GV intervention to participants. We provide health professional students and early career health professionals with an overview of the training and key tips for using group modalities in the clinical setting. Although the training is initially directed towards health professionals who are learning to offer ACP-GV for the first time, our tips for teaching also focus on and extend to facilitating ACP-GV directly with veterans, caregivers, and those they trust. The ACP-GV Facilitator Training is sequential in that it expects clinicians to first learn the required educational content and how to plan a group, then it engages clinicians in practicing group facilitation skills. At the conclusion of the training, clinicians are then instructed to use the training materials to transfer the information and skills they learned about ACP-GV to patients they encounter in their respective work settings. The culmination of the ACP-GV Facilitator Training is, therefore, when the clinician is able to facilitate their own group, guide discussions and activities, actively use training materials, and encourage veterans and those they trust to participate in a discussion regarding ACP in a group setting. Finally, we share key resources for publicly available and accessible online trainings to promote spread outside of VA. ACP-GV’s Facilitator Training can assist healthcare professionals in implementing ACP-GV in a variety of care settings.
Organizational health literacy in German hospitals: a cross-sectional survey among hospital managers
Authors: Häberle Nicola , Lander Jonas , Dierks Marie-Luise , Bitzer Eva Maria 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Organizational health literacy (OHL) describes conditions and measures in healthcare institutions to enable patients to make good health-related decisions. By providing easy access to and appropriate communication of understandable information to use and navigate the facility, healthcare organizations can contribute to strengthening patients’ health literacy and self-management. The extent of OHL implementation in German hospitals remains largely unknown. This study aims to fill this gap in our knowledge by investigating OHL-related activities reported by hospital managers.

Methods
Between November and December 2022, we conducted a national online survey among medical, nursing and administrative hospital managers with hospitals that operate more than 50 beds. The data were collected via the health literate health care organization ten item questionnaire (HLHO-10) and supplemented by sociodemographic questions and an open-ended question. We applied variance and correlation analyses to investigate the data.

Results
Of 3,301 invited hospital managers, 371 participated in the survey (response rate 11%). The overall mean score for HLHO-10 was 4.6 (SD = 1.1) on a 7-point Likert scale, indicating a moderate level of OHL implementation. Hospital managers stated that hospitals concentrate on helping patients find their way around and communicating the costs of treatment transparently and clearly; conversely, that active patient participation in the design and evaluation of health information is rare in care settings, and that health information is seldom provided to patients through a range of media. For the practical implementation of the OHL, most hospital managers mentioned activities regarding communication standards, such as providing information materials.

Conclusions
Given their unique position as hubs of human interaction, hospitals provide an ideal opportunity to promote the adoption of OHL. By actively involving patients, hospitals can better tailor their approaches to meet patient needs and preferences. Compared to studies from oncology centres in Germany and 20 Italian hospitals, the average HLHO-10 score of this study is lower. While some aspects of OHL are already embedded in inpatient care, it is imperative that OHL is thoroughly embedded in the hospitals’ organizational culture and plays a fundamental role in the daily operations of the institution. This could be done, for instance, by more explicitly addressing the topic of health literacy in staff communication training.
A machine learning algorithm for the detection of paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) in UK primary care electronic health records
Authors: Worker Amanda , Mahon Hadley , Sams Jack , Boardman-Pretty Freya , Marchini Elena , Dubis Rand , Warren Alan , Stockdale Jez , Kumar Jyothika , Varones Elizabeth , Ollerenshaw Daniel , Grant Calum , Fish Peter , Kelly Richard J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Haemoglobinuria (PNH) is an ultra-rare, acquired disorder that is challenging to diagnose due to varied symptoms, heterogeneous patient presentations, and lack of awareness among healthcare professionals. This leads to frequent misdiagnosis and delays in diagnosis. This study evaluated the feasibility of a machine learning model to identify undiagnosed PNH patients using structured electronic health records.

Methods
The study used data from the Optimum Patient Care Research Database, which contains electronic health records from general practitioner (GP) practices across the United Kingdom. PNH patients were identified by the presence, and control patients by the absence of a PNH diagnosis code in their records. Clinical features (symptoms, diagnoses, healthcare utilisation) from 131 patients in the PNH group and 593,838 patients in the control group, were inputted to a tree-based XGBoost machine learning model to classify patients as either “positive” or “negative” for PNH suspicion. The algorithm was finalised after additional exclusions and inclusions applied. Performance was assessed using positive predictive value (PPV), recall and specificity. As the sample used to develop the algorithm was not representative of the true population prevalence, PPV was additionally adjusted to reflect performance in the wider population.

Results
Of all the patients in the PNH group, 27% were classified as positive (recall). 99.99% of the control group were classified as negative (specificity). Of all the patients classified as positive, 60.4% had a diagnosis of PNH in their record (PPV). The PPV adjusted for the population prevalence of PNH was 19.59 suggesting nearly 1 in 5 patients flagged may warrant further PNH investigation. The key clinical features in the model were aplastic anaemia, pancytopenia, haemolytic anaemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Conclusion
This is the first study to combine clinical understanding of PNH with machine learning, demonstrating the ability to discriminate between PNH and control patients in retrospective electronic health records. With further investigation and validation, this algorithm could be deployed on live health data, potentially leading to earlier diagnosis for patients who currently experience long diagnostic delays or remain undiagnosed.
Organellar genome dynamics of exogenous stages of Eimeria tenella
Authors: Kruth Perryn S. , Lane Taylor , Barta John R. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Coccidia are a group of intracellular protozoal parasites within the phylum Apicomplexa. Eimeria tenella, one of the species that cause intestinal coccidiosis in poultry, can cause significant mortality and morbidity. Diploid oocysts of Eimeria species are shed in the feces of an infected host and must sporulate to achieve infectivity. This process results in eight haploid infectious units, called sporozoites, held within a single oocyst. Each Eimeria spp. parasite possesses a single apicoplast and a single mitochondrion, both of which carry multiple copies of their respective organellar genomes. Reports of copy numbers of organellar genomes have varied widely.

Methods
We report the application of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), supported by next-generation sequencing, for the quantification of the extranuclear genomes relative to the nuclear genome over the course of sporulation and following its completion.

Results
At 64 elapsed hours, 93.0% of oocysts were fully sporulated; no increase in percent sporulation was observed after this time. Apicoplast relative genome copy number showed several significant shifts up to 72 elapsed hours, after which no significant shifts were observed. Oocysts were shed with approximately 60% the amount of apicoplast DNA present at 72 h, after which point no significant shifts in apicoplast genome relative abundance occurred. Mitogenome relative copy number showed only two significant shifts, from 16 to 24 elapsed hours and from 24 to 32 elapsed hours. Oocysts were shed with approximately 28% the amount of mitochondrial DNA that was present at the time sporulation was deemed morphologically complete, at 64 elapsed hours.

Conclusions
The characterization of the dynamics of genome abundance in exogenous stages sheds new light on the basic biology of Eimeria spp. and supports the use of extranuclear targets for molecular modes of parasite quantification and identification with improved sensitivity and accuracy.

Graphical Abstract
Analysis of the results of the study of sound pronunciation in patients with prosthetics with complete removable dentures
Authors: Nidzelskyi Mykhailo 
Published: October 2024

Introduction. One of the most important social tasks is protection and strengthening people's health. In the modern world, there is a trend towards aging of the population, which causes a general increase in morbidity. This provision fully refers to the deterioration of the dental status of the population, which leads to an increase in the number of patients who have defects of the dentition.
The complete loss of teeth causes particularly significant morphological, functional and aesthetic changes in the maxillofacial area. In dental practice, the prosthetics of fixed prosthetics is widely used. Restoration of speech is one of the main tasks when using removable dentures.
The aim of the study: to research the peculiarities of the development of speech adaptation when using removable dentures of a long length.
Materials and methods. For research, 2 groups of patients were formed: the first group of patients without dental defects rows, the second group - with defects of tooth rows. The research was conducted using the sound computer spectography method before prosthetics, immediately after fixation of orthopedic structures, after 3, 7, 30 days.
Results. The application of the sound computer spectrography method made it possible to carry out a graphic registration of the pronunciation of the sounds of the Ukrainian language by patients before prosthetics and during adaptation to orthopedic structures. The obtained results demonstrate qualitative differences between sound pronunciation in pathients without dentition defects (control) and patients with partial loss of teeth. They also reveal the existence of certain dynamics of acoustic processes during the first 30 days of using fixed structures.
Conclusion. Thus, with excessive occlusal contacts of the teeth, the power and frequency of loudest sounds is significantly reduced. When manufacturing non-removable structures using the digital method, adaptation is faster compared to the analog method. At the beginning of using non-removable structures, after 3 days the power of sounds [o], [u] and the frequency of sounds [a], [o] are restored. After a temporary new deviation from the norm after 7 days, the frequency and power of loud sounds are fully restored after 30 days.
The Role of Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy in Treating Sports Injuries
Authors: Machaj Damian , Mazurek Aleksandra , Machaj Dominik , Józefowicz Wiktoria 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Sports injuries are a significant health problem for both professional and recreational athletes. Standard treatment methods, including physiotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and surgical interventions, often fall short in cases of severe soft tissue damage. This has led to a growing interest in alternative therapies, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP). In recent years, there has been growing interest in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy due to its potential regenerative properties. PRP is increasingly used in the treatment of sports injuries, with the aim of accelerating tissue regeneration and facilitating a return to full physical fitness. This paper attempts to analyze available scientific studies to assess the effectiveness of PRP in the treatment of sports injuries.

Purpose of the work: The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness and safety of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy in treating sports-related muscle, tendon, ligament, and joint injuries, and to compare its efficacy with other established treatment modalities, such as physiotherapy and pharmacotherapy.
Results: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy has been shown to be highly effective in treating sports injuries, particularly muscle and tendon injuries. PRP accelerates tissue regeneration and shortens the time to return to physical activity, but the effectiveness of the therapy depends on the proper preparation protocol and individual patient characteristics. Compared to other treatment methods, PRP has a favorable safety profile and a lower risk of complications. Despite promising results, further studies are needed to better determine the long-term effectiveness and optimal conditions for using this therapy.
Innovations in Sports: A Key to Enhancing Rehabilitation Outcomes
Authors: Osuch Dobromiła , Anderska Agnieszka , Błachnio Klaudia , Opala Dominika , Szczotka Dominika , Drabik Aleksandra , Staszczyk Izabela , Szemplińska Antonina , Chernysh Anna Maria 
Published: October 2024

Introduction and purpose: Traditional rehabilitation methods often have limitations in improving motor function and cognitive abilities. This review aims to provide an updated overview of innovative methods in rehabilitation, focusing on the role of immersive and interactive technologies in enhancing rehabilitation outcomes. The literature suggests that these technologies can improve upper limb mobility, grip strength, and manual dexterity, as well as cognitive function, attention, and spatial awareness. Additionally, innovative balance and gait rehabilitation programs have been shown to improve functional mobility and reduce the risk of falls. The use of these technologies in combination with other rehabilitation modalities, such as electrostimulation and robotic assistance, may lead to even greater improvements in motor function and cognitive abilities. While more research is needed to fully understand the benefits and limitations of these innovative approaches, the existing evidence suggests that they have the potential to revolutionize rehabilitation and improve quality of life for patients.
Materials and Methods: A literature review was conducted using PubMed with search phrases immersive and interactive technologies and rehabilitation.
Description of the state of knowledge: Traditional rehabilitation methods often have limitations in improving motor function and cognitive abilities.Upper extremity impairment is a common and debilitating consequence of stroke.
Summary: imersive and interactive technologies have the potential to improve upper limb mobility, grip strength, and manual dexterity, as well as cognitive function, attention, and spatial awareness. Innovative balance and gait rehabilitation programs have been shown to improve functional mobility and reduce the risk of falls. The use of these technologies in combination with other rehabilitation modalities may lead to even greater improvements in motor function and cognitive abilities.
The Influence of Religion on Economic Development
Authors: Ahmed Jabar Q. 
Published: October 2024

Religion is one of the most important institutions in the process of socialization. Which has a profound effect on a thinking and behavior of individuals and groups. As well Religion affects economic system and is an important part of regulating economic life of individuals, however, nation building and national consciousness are based on the national economy. An important part of the preservation and development of nations is through the economy. Culture, religion and social traditions play an important role in shaping the economic status of nations. This is an important part of sanctified the work, work ethic, and love of work. Some opinion believe that religions have a profound effect on the way of life of individuals and groups. So that the basis of work, production and trade is sanctify mundane efforts. At the same time, it distorts the topics related to squandering and social virtues. This study is qualitative research, the aim of the study is to present the relationship between religion and the economy. As a result of this study, we found that religion and economics are two socio-cultural phenomena, and there is a strong influence and interaction between them. The level of influence and the relationship between them varies from one society to another. Religion also has strong influences on national economic development; therefore, religious discourse can play a powerful role in the process of encouraging the development of work culture and work ethics in societies. Reflecting economic growth in societies.
Exploring Implicit and Explicit Affective Responses to Graphic Health Warnings on Cigarette Packages in Colombia
Authors: Tamayo Ricardo M. , Lugo Harold A. , Adams Sally 
Published: October 2024

Graphic health warnings (GHWs) are regarded a highly cost-effective public policy to communicate the health risks involved in smoking, mainly when they trigger negative emotional reactions. GHWs promote intentions to quit among smokers and prevent smoking initiation among non-smokers. In three experiments, we study how smokers and nonsmokers differ in implicit and explicit measures of emotional reactions towards GHWs. Experiment 1 used the Self-Assessment Manikin to measure explicit emotional (arousal and valence) ratings for six warnings published in tobacco products. Experiment 2 was similar to Experiment 1 but smokers and nonsmokers rated a new set of 36 GHWs not yet published. Experiment 3 used an implicit task, the Affect Misattribution Procedure, to evaluate and compare the affective responses to GHWs provided by smokers and non-smokers. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that smokers explicitly reported weaker negative emotional reactions to both familiar and unfamiliar GHWs compared to nonsmokers. Experiment 3 showed similar levels of negative implicit emotional responses among smokers and nonsmokers. Our data suggest that the decreased affective response involves high-order cognitive elaboration and evaluations of the messages conveyed by GHW, while early negative emotions triggered by the graphic component of the warnings similarly affect smokers and non-smokers. We propose that implicit measures may serve as additional and inexpensive tools for dissociating explicit biased affective responses of smokers towards GHWs from automatic emotional responses. In particular, the affect misattribution procedure may help to design warnings that communicate the risks of smoking but prevent adverse outcomes such as cognitive dissonance.