bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OPTIMIZATION OF IMMEDIATE RELEASE TABLET OF RALOXIFENE HYDROCHLORIDE BY WET GRANULATION METHOD
Authors: Rai V. K. , Pathak N. , Bhaskar R. , Nandi B. C. , Dey S. , Tyagi L. K. 
Published: July 2017

Population explosion is a major problem it is raising tremendously; this may affect drastically the economic growth. So family planning has been promoted through several methods of contraception. A wide variety of synthetic contraceptive agents are available, but these cannot be used continuously due to their side effects. Thus the present study was to evaluate the effect of Bougainvillea spectabilison fertility of male and female mice. Swiss Albino mice were orally administered with aqueous crude extract of the leaves of Bougainvillea spectabilis (800 mg/kg of body weight/day, for 30 days), and effect of crude extract on reproductive organs and fertility was investigated. The treatment Caused decrease in weight of testis, sperm count and the histological examination revealed a reduction in the size of seminiferous tubules along with the thickness of germinal epithelial cells, though some of the epithelial cells and interstitial cells of leydig showed hypertrophy. Moreover, the lumen of the tubules was found to be devoid of sperms. On the other hand, in treated females no histological changes could be observed. The only marked change, which could be visualized, was the slight disruption of estrous cycle having prolonged metaestrus phase, which has been increased by 145.28 %. The overall duration of estrous cycle had been extended by more than one day. The hormonal profile was also influenced by the Bougainvillea spectabilis extract. The testosterone and estrogen levels were significantly decreased.
Applying Transition Action Detail Strategy on Written Text of EFL Young Learners
Authors: Sari Yeasy Agustina 
Published: July 2017

Mastering English, as foreign language need a lot of time since it is a continuing process. English foreign language of young learners, however, can’t be mastered by memorizing. The young learners should have strategy, which can be used as the direction of the classroom activites to help the students enhancing of language skill, specially in writting. There were the problem to be solved in this study, namely the students have difficult to construct the written text. The strategies which were used in the learning process were boring. Hence, the researcher tried to solve students’ difficulty in written text through Transition Action Detail Strategy. This study focused on two variables. The independent variable was Transition Action Detail Strategy, meanwhile dependent variable was written text. The researcher used true experimental design which consist of control group and experimental group. The subject of this research was students of young learner at the eight grade of English Course at Payakumbuh.
The result revealed that Transition Action Detail Strategy was a good strategy that can influence the students’ narrative text. By using df.70, the writer not found it in the table. Because 70 was higher than 60 and smaller than 120. Then, the results from interpolation by using df.70, it could be known that the critical value of t-table for the 5% level was 1.990, the critical value of t-table for the 1% level was 2.638. From these all the data analysis, it can be seen that t-observed (4.763) was higher than t-table (5% =1.990, 1% = 2.638). The data confirm that t-observed is higher than t-table, therefore it can be inferred that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. It means that there is significant influence of applying Transition Action Detail Strategy on Wwritten Text of Young learners.

Key words: Transition Action Detail Strategy, Young Learners, English Foreign Language, English Course.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN KREATIVITAS BELAJAR SISWA MENGGUNAKAN METODE TANYA JAWAB PADA MATA PELAJARAN TEMATIK
Authors: Sukamti Titik 
Published: July 2017

Upaya peningkatan kreativitas belajar siswa menggunakan metode tanya jawab pada mata pelajaran tematik kelas iii sdn4 sritejokencono kecamatan kota gajah kabupaten lampung tengah tahun pelajaran 2014/2015. Tujuan PTK (Penelitian Tindak Kelas) adalah kegiatan tolak ukur untuk meningkatkan mutu pendidikan yang dilakukan oleh guru. Dalam PTK masalah-masalah yang muncul dalam pembelajaran akan diselesaikan dengan penggunaan suatu metode. Penelitian mencari solusi masalah di kelas dengan menggunakan Metode Tanya Jawab agar siswa kelas III termotivasi dalam mata Pelajaran Tematik dengan maksimal. Langkah analisis dilakukan dengan perencanaan tindakan pembelajaran, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, refleksi dan evaluasi. Penelitian kegiatan tersebut melalui beberapa siklus.

Kata Kunci : Tematik, Metode Tanya Jawab
Evaluation of methanolic extract of Phragmites karka on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in rat
Authors: Rehman Atta ur , Liaqat Manal , Asghar Rabia , Syed Nawazish-i-Husain 
Published: July 2017

Phragmites karka has been reported for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Here, extracts of leaf and rhizome of the plant were individually investigated in CCl4-induced hepatofibrosis in male Wistar rats by administering CCl4 intraperitoneally biweekly for 6 weeks. Afterwards the animals were investigated for liver fibrosis at biochemical, molecular and histological levels, and it showed a profound increase (p<0.001) in elevation of serum levels of transaminases, ?-glutamyl transpeptidase, mRNA expression of ? smooth muscle actin, collagen and transforming growth factor beta (TGF?), and extracellular matrix deposition and perilobular necrosis. Both extracts markedly (p<0.001) decreased the elevated levels of these markers. Histopathological investigations also substantiated the above results by exhibiting a decreased in extracellular matrix deposition in post-treatment animals. In conclusion, both extracts had substantially modified the biochemical and molecular markers of liver fibrosis, in addition to histological improvement in architecture of liver.
Video Clip of Methodology:
Expression evaluation of gene: 4 min 43 sec Full Screen Alternate
Divergent evolution and niche differentiation within the common peatmossSphagnum magellanicum
Authors: Yousefi Narjes , Hassel Kristian , Flatberg Kjell Ivar , Kemppainen Petri , Trucchi Emiliano , Shaw A. Jonathan , Kyrkjeeide Magni Olsen , Szövényi Péter , Stenøien Hans K. 
Published: July 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Populations with phenotypic polymorphism in discrete characters may be good models for investigating genome evolution and speciation.Sphagnum magellanicumBrid. is found throughout the northern hemisphere, and despite considerable variation in morphological characters, it is considered one of the least taxonomically controversial peatmoss species. We have observed two main morphs of the species associated with different microhabitats. Here we investigated the genomic and environmental basis of this intraspecific morphological variation.METHODS:We conducted transplant and common garden experiments to test whether the two morphs are genetically differentiated. We then used RAD‐sequencing to quantify the genomic divergence between the morphs and approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) to infer the most likely demographic scenario explaining the genome‐wide differentiation of the two morphs.KEY RESULTS:We found that genomic differentiation between the two morphs is unexpectedly high and that several of the differentiated morphological characters have a genetic basis. Using simulation approaches, we found support for a scenario of ancient divergence followed by recent secondary contact.CONCLUSIONS:We show that the two morphs represent the two main genetic clusters previously found worldwide. Our results demonstrate that relatively minor morphological differentiation in a presumed phenotypically plastic peatmoss may be associated with massive divergence across the genome.
Leprosy: The Present Of A Disease From The Past
Authors: Monte Raquel Santos , Pereira Maria Lúcia Duarte , Frota Mirna Albuquerque , Rolim Karla Maria Carneiro , Saintrain Maria Vieira de Lima 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Leprosy is one of the oldest and most stigmatizing diseases to affect mankind and is still considered a public health problem in many developing countries.
Objective: To analyze how the social representations of leprosy patients are structured.
Method: The purpose of this study was to analyze how the social consequences of leprosy affect people carrying the disease. A multi-method approach was used, based on the Theory of Social Representations. A total of 100 subjects participated in this study (50 males and 50 females). Data were analyzed using the following software: SPSS (to assess social, economic, and clinical aspects, EVOC, SIMI, and AVRIL (to integrate the structure of social consequences).
Results: The central core for women was “family”. In the similitude test, this word was associated with “exclusion”. For men, the central core was composed of “family”, “work”, and “treatment”.
Conclusions: The healthcare model must strive to take into account the day-to-day concerns of leprosy patients, with a view towards greater consideration of gender differences and the development of a more humanized care system based on full assistance in order to control this disease.
Discours indirect : Barthes et Chung Kuo d’Antonioni
Authors: Zhuo Yue 
Published: July 2017

La réticence de Barthes à l’égard de la Chine populaire, exprimée dans son célèbre article de 1974, « Alors, la Chine ? », fut longtemps l’objet de discussions et de reproches. Se pourrait-il qu’il y ait laissé entendre la plupart de ses réserves sur le régime de Mao, de manière habile et oblique ? Cet article examine ses Carnets de voyage en Chine et une série de notes du séminaire de 1974 afin d’interroger les conditions (im) possibles de son discours sur la Chine.
Lire Barthes en Roumanie socialiste : les enjeux du pouvoir et leur neutralisation
Authors: Matei Alexandru 
Published: July 2017

La réception de l’œuvre de Barthes en Roumanie connaît trois moments : l’époque du réalisme socialiste, dans la suite de son séjour à Bucarest (1947-1949) ; le régime de Ceausescu où domine l’idéologie de « l’autonomie esthétique » ; le début des années 1990, lorsque Barthes devient une figure « post-moderne ». Nous traitons ici le second moment de la réception des écrits barthésiens en Roumanie, le plus long et le plus fertile, quand il fait figure de chantre de la critique esthétique plus que de fer de lance du mouvement structuraliste.
Barthes Alchimiste
Authors: Ecoeur Mathias 
Published: July 2017

Chez Barthes, « il faut un peu laisser flotter les concepts », écrivait Claude Coste. Bien souvent les définir relève de la gageure : leurs rapports entre eux sont instables sous une plume qui ne cesse de faire varier la portée de ses mots. Nous étudions ici ce(s) mouvement(s) à travers deux cas, à la rencontre d’un Barthes en recherche : d’abord celui du fascisme de la langue ; celui, ensuite, de la constellation de trois concepts, mimésis , mathésis et sémiosis .
L’Image de la femme d’Armand Dayot (1899), une lecture baudelairienne du portrait féminin
Authors: Aguilar Anne-Sophie 
Published: July 2017

En décembre 1899, paraît chez Hachette L’Image de la femme , luxueux ouvrage signé par l’inspecteur des Beaux-Arts et écrivain d’art Armand Dayot (1851-1934). À travers plus de trois cents illustrations, l’auteur à succès de L’Histoire de France par l’image entend démontrer que le portrait féminin a été, de l’Antiquité à la fin du xix e siècle, « l’étincelant miroir, où se reflètent l’esprit des époques, les caractères des races, l’esthétique des écoles, l’idéal des artistes ». Cet article propose non seulement d’analyser les ressorts esthétiques et idéologiques de cette histoire du portrait féminin, largement inspirée du Peintre de la vie moderne de Charles Baudelaire (1821-1867), mais également d’étudier en quoi L’Image de la femme constitue, à la charnière des xix e et xx e siècles, une synthèse et une prise de position dans les débats autour de la définition de la modernité picturale.
Mature cystic teratoma with high proportion of solid thyroid tissue: a controversial case with unusual imaging findings
Authors: Gil Rui Tiago , Cunha Teresa Margarida , Rolim Ines 
Published: July 2017

We describe a case of a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary with high proportion of solid thyroid tissue (< 50% of the entire tumor) in a childbearing woman. The patient presented with non-specific abdominal bloating. Pelvic ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a complex cystic-solid tumor confined to the left ovary with an anterior fat-containing locus compatible with mature cystic teratoma and a posterior predominantly solid component with low signal intensity on T2-weighted images that was histopatologically diagnosed as benign thyroid tissue. Thyroglobulin levels were in normal range. Although thyroid tissue is present in up to 20% of mature cystic teratomas, with exception of struma ovarii, it is not usually macroscopically nor radiologically identified. The differential diagnosis should include T2-hypointense adnexal lesions associated with mature cystic teratoma, malignant transformation of mature teratoma, and immature teratoma.
That's my STYLEoideum - Symptomatic os styloideum in an adolescent male
Authors: Kaniewska Malwina , Haefeli Mathias , Laesser Urs , Niemann Tilo 
Published: July 2017

We present a 15-year-old male patient with persistent localized pain on the dorsal side of the left wrist between the base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones and over the third carpometacarpal joint. It was diagnosed as an accessory metacarpal bone -Os styloideum. This entity may be detected on plain radiographs and in ultrasound examination and is often asymptomatic. Symptomatic os styloideum occurs more frequently in the dominant hand and may be treated conservatively with corticosteroid infiltration. A palpable prominence on the dorsal side of the wrist and focal pain evoked anxiety of the adolescent patient who searched medical consultation. In the clinical examination, a bony protrusion was confirmed and different possible diagnoses have been considered. After treatment with a corticosteroid infiltration of the third carpometacarpal joint under fluoroscopy the pain resolved completely. We would like to draw attention of clinicians and radiologists to this rare anatomical variant that normally is asymptomatic, and therefore not immediately recognized. Acquaintance with this entity and its early detection may lead to conservative treatment instead of surgical excision. A comprehensive literature search, review and discussion about os styloideum are provided in the article.
A Case Report of Mikulicz Syndrome
Authors: Rao Dinesh , Natter Patrick , Fernandes Rui , Wang Zhiqiang Brad , Sandhu Sukhwinder Johnny Singh 
Published: July 2017

Mikulicz Syndrome (MS) is a rare chronic condition characterized by the abnormal enlargement of glandular tissue in the head and neck. Patients usually present with enlarged lacrimal and parotid glands. While this can be a benign self-limiting condition, other complex systemic diseases, such as sarcoidosis, may represent other underlying etiologies. We present a case of MS in a patient with a history of Crohn's disease.
Versican-Derived Matrikines Regulate Batf3–Dendritic Cell Differentiation and Promote T Cell Infiltration in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Hope Chelsea , Emmerich Philip B. , Papadas Athanasios , Pagenkopf Adam , Matkowskyj Kristina A. , Van De Hey Dana R. , Payne Susan N. , Clipson Linda , Callander Natalie S. , Hematti Peiman , Miyamoto Shigeki , Johnson Michael G. , Deming Dustin A. , Asimakopoulos Fotis 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Colorectal cancer originates within immunologically complex microenvironments. To date, the benefits of immunotherapy have been modest, except in neoantigen-laden mismatch repair–deficient tumors. Approaches to enhance tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the tumor bed may substantially augment clinical immunotherapy responses. In this article, we report that proteolysis of the tolerogenic matrix proteoglycan versican (VCAN) strongly correlated with CD8+ T cell infiltration in colorectal cancer, regardless of mismatch repair status. Tumors displaying active VCAN proteolysis and low total VCAN were associated with robust (10-fold) CD8+ T cell infiltration. Tumor-intrinsic WNT pathway activation was associated with CD8+ T cell exclusion and VCAN accumulation. In addition to regulating VCAN levels at the tumor site, VCAN proteolysis results in the generation of bioactive fragments with novel functions (VCAN-derived matrikines). Versikine, a VCAN-derived matrikine, enhanced the generation of CD103+CD11chiMHCIIhi conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) from Flt3L-mobilized primary bone marrow–derived progenitors, suggesting that VCAN proteolysis may promote differentiation of tumor-seeding DC precursors toward IRF8- and BATF3-expressing cDCs. Intratumoral BATF3-dependent DCs are critical determinants for T cell antitumor immunity, effector T cell trafficking to the tumor site, and response to immunotherapies. Our findings provide a rationale for testing VCAN proteolysis as a predictive and/or prognostic immune biomarker and VCAN-derived matrikines as novel immunotherapy agents.
Technology of the Local Cross-linking (Part 1): Keratotensotopography and Vacuum-compression Topographic Test—New Diagnostic Possibilities for Studying the Local Biomechanical Properties of Cornea
Authors: Anisimova SY , Mistryukov AS , Anisimova NS , Anisimov SI 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
Aim
The aim of this study is the development and evaluation of clinical significance methodology for determining mech­anical stress (MS) and elasticity of the cornea comparable to its topographic settings.

Materials and methods
Combining the data of optical pachymeter, keratotopography, and pneumotonometry through our special software allows us to get Lokolink MS distribution in the cornea in the form of maps, which we propose to call keratotensotopogram (KTT).

Results
Normal KTT has the form of concentric, uniform, and symmetrical zones. In keratoconus (KC), the corneal center is more tense than peripheral part of cornea. The focus zone of KC may coincide with the region of maximum MS or may be out of this area. In the process of vacuum-compression test, the reaction of profile of the cornea was markedly different in patients with healthy corneas and in patients with KC. In all cases of healthy cornea, the curvature increased in the center. In KC, the cornea became more flat in the center under high intraocular pressure (in 100% of cases).

Conclusion
The KTT ineyes with the cornea without pathology differs from KTT in the different cases of KC. The KTT can be used for the diagnosis and prediction of cornea's state to perform the plan of UV irradiation areas for corneal collagen cross-linking.

How to cite this article
Anisimov SI, Anisimova SY, Mistryukov AS, Anisimova NS. Technology of the Local Cross-linking (Part 1): Keratotensotopography and Vacuum-compression Topographic Test—New Diagnostic Possibilities for Studying the Local Biomechanical Properties of Cornea. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2017;6(1):14-16.
Incidence and Indices of Keratoconus in Patients presenting for LASIK in Egypt
Authors: Sayed Mohammed Othman Abdel Khalek El , Hassan Ali Naglaa 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
Background
Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive, non-inflammatory bilateral but (usually asymmetrical) ecstatic corneal disease, characterized by paraxial stromal thinning and weakening that leads to corneal surface distortion. The reported incidence and prevalence of KC varies widely depending upon the geographic location, diagnostic criteria used and the cohort of patients selected.

Aim
To estimate the incidence and indices of KC in patients seeking refractive procedures in Beni Sueif governorate at a span period of one year from March 2013 to March 2014. To describe and analyze the characteristics of the KC population under study.

Materials and methods
This study as designed as a prospective surveillance study. All clinical records in the computerized database from pentacam with the clinical diagnosis of KC and / or suspected were included and statistically analyzed.

Results
Data from 2116 cases with the average 28.8 ± 6.5 years old were analyzed over the span of 1 year starting from March 2013 to March 2014. Based on topographic images of the pentacam 36 eyes were diagnosed as KC. The incidence of KC was 1.7% ( 95% confidence interval, 0.55-1.45). In keratoconic patients, the mean age was 28.1 years, the mean K1 and K2 were 45.18±3.44 D and 49.49 ± 4.28 D respectively. The mean minimal pachymetry value was 463± 6.51um, the mean index of surface variance (ISV) was 61± 32, the mean index of vertical asymmetry (IVA) was 0.63±0.38, the mean keratoconus indices (KI) was 1.08±0.14.

Conclusion
This study provides the first population–based estimate of the incidence of keratoconus in Beni suef governorate in the upper Egypt. According to this study incidence rate of KC is comparable to the rate among the Caucasian people in middle Asia e.g. Iran while incidence rate is much higher among Malaysia and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia citizens.

How to cite this article
El Sayed MOAK, Ali NH. Incidence and Indices of Keratoconus in Patients presenting for LASIK in Egypt. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2017;6(1):17-22.
Impact of Anemia on Menstruation and Academic Performance of Adolescent Girls attending Secondary Schools of Rural Wardha District
Authors: Binoy Rufina , Acharya Neema 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
Introduction
In this research, we hope to understand the effect of anemia on the various menstrual parameters and disorders and on the academic performance of adolescent girls attending secondary schools of rural Wardha.

Materials and methods
Questionnaires were prepared and distributed to the female students who came to attend the adolescent clinic in Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Sawangi, India, for health checkup. Their hemoglobin was estimated and recorded in their respective questionnaires. Questionnaires were designed to understand in the best way possible the effects of anemia on the menstrual health and academic life of the adolescent girls.

Results
The results revealed a remarkable correlation between the grades of anemia and poor menstrual health; a similar result was seen in case of academic performance as well. It also threw light on the prevalence of anemia, which was recorded as 80% in this study, though most students had only mild grade anemia.

Conclusion
The results of the study revealed that there was a significant relation between anemia and the menstrual parameters and academic performance of the adolescent girls. This study could prove helpful for future researches which aim to provide better quality of life for adolescent girls in terms of general and menstrual health.

How to cite this article
Binoy R, Acharya N. Impact of Anemia on Menstruation and Academic Performance of Adolescent Girls attending Secondary Schools of Rural Wardha District. World J Anemia 2017;1(1):1-4.
Cultivating Research Through Digital Ecosystems
Authors: Hafeli Mary , Castro Juan Carlos , Marshall Julia , Grodoski Chris 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The research culture of art education is an ecosystem of ideas and inquiry. This ecosystem of research extends into the varied forms of digital mediation. Now in its fourth year, the National Art Education Association Research Commission’s objective is to cultivate, connect, and amplify art education research. In this essay, we theorize the analogy of research ecosystems and use the example of our Interactive Café as a space that fosters research culture. Digital forums such as the Interactive Café function as a place where individuals who produce and use research can interact and exchange ideas. Our position is that digital mediation needs to strengthen interdependence and vibrancy through spaces and events that connect a diversity of knowledge producers and stakeholders. For the Research Commission, research that is born digital is ripe with potential to connect, evolve, and amplify throughout the field.