bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Color‐emotion associations, designing color schemes for urban environment‐architectural settings
Authors: Manav Banu 
Published: March 2017

AbstractColor in urban design has become an important issue, each city may present different colors which help to define and describe its architectural features. In the study, color in urban design with architectural setting is studied, façade colors are analyzed with a specific emphasis on the following research questions; “Can color schemes be designed in respect to color‐emotion associations?” and “Are color‐emotion associations affective while designing architectural setting‐urban environment?.” Non‐color experts, 170 people, from different European and non‐European countries were asked to match the most appropriate adjectives with the given street views in accordance to their color schemes. In the first step, the effect of color is identified in relation to architectural environment‐urban setting, second the relative effect of color is studied as a component of the material. A categorical specification on color cognition and linguistic level of representation is attempted. The results can be a starting point to highlight the importance of preparing color schemes in regard to color‐emotion associations. Abstract color schemes may also provide us an idea about image setting, especially at design process stage. In the study, keywords are linked as environment‐response pairs; such as quiet, calming, lively, exclusive, reserved, and natural. Human psychophysical structure such as “warm‐cool,” “heavy‐light” in regard to visualizing certain colors are evaluated and described in terms of building materials.
Cumulative current‐magnetizing method for a capacitor‐discharged impulse magnetizer
Authors: Pai Fu‐Sheng , Hsieh Min‐Fu , Wang Yi‐Ping 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThis paper presents a cumulative current‐magnetizing method for magnetization of permanent magnet, aimed at alleviating the bulky capacitor problem of traditional capacitor‐discharged impulse magnetizers. The method employs circuit resonance to boost the output voltage. The resonant alternative current (ac) voltage is then directly discharged to the magnetizing coil without using any rectifier. The proposed resonant ac discharge repeats a number of times over several milliseconds. This allows the magnetizing current to increase incrementally until it reaches the peak that is sufficient to fully magnetize the permanent magnet. With this design, the energy for magnetization is accumulated by small steps, and each increment would require much lower energy. This results in smaller capacitors needed compared to traditional designs. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, several pieces of ferrite magnet without being pre‐magnetized were tested using the developed magnetizer. The test results support the feasibility and practicability of the scheme for potential applications. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A 5‐color flow cytometric method for extended 8‐part leukocyte differential
Authors: Guy Julien , Wagner‐Ballon Orianne , Pages Olivier , Bailly François , Borgeot Jessica , Béné Marie‐C , Maynadié Marc 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesMicroscopic leukocyte differentials display many drawbacks. Several single 5 to 8‐color tubes using multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) are able to provide extended differentials with sequential gating‐based analysis strategies. We investigated a new 5‐color MFC method to perform an extended 8‐part differential with a simplified gating strategy.MethodsWhole blood was stained with a combination of antibodies including HLA‐DR‐FITC/CD19‐PE/CD45‐ECD/CD16‐PC5 + CD71‐PC5/CD5‐PC7.ResultsAn original approach was developed to exclude debris and straightforwardly gate the cells to identify sixteen populations. Strong correlations were obtained with the analyzer for neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils (R2>0.9). Abnormal cells, such as immature granulocytes and blast cells were identified with a good sensitivity and excellent correlation against cytomorphologic review (R2=0.66 and 0.99, respectively). The choice of HLA‐DR and CD5 improved specificity for the identification of activated T‐lymphocytes and some lymphoid neoplastic cells, respectively.ConclusionsHere a new cytometric differential is proposed with a robust gating strategy which may be used even by unskilled cytometrists and can be easily automated. © 2017 International Clinical Cytometry Society
A Bayesian recovery technique with Toeplitz matrix for compressive spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks
Authors: Salahdine Fatima , Kaabouch Naima , El Ghazi Hassan 
Published: March 2017

SummaryCompressive sensing has been proposed as a low‐cost solution for dynamic wideband spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks. It aims to accelerate the acquisition process and minimize the hardware cost. It consists of directly acquiring a sparse signal in its compressed form that includes the maximum information using a minimum number of measurements and then recovering the original signal at the receiver. Over the last decade, a number of compressive sensing techniques have been proposed to enable scanning the wideband radio spectrum at or below the Nyquist rate. However, these techniques suffer from uncertainty due to random measurements, which degrades their performances. To enhance the compressive sensing efficiency, reduce the level of randomness, and handle uncertainty, signal sampling requires a fast, structured, and robust sampling matrix; and signal recovery requires an accurate and efficient reconstruction algorithm. In this paper, we proposed a method that addresses the previously mentioned problems by exploiting the Bayesian model strengths and the Toeplitz matrix structure. The proposed method was implemented and extensively tested. The simulation results were analyzed and compared to those of the 2 techniques: basis pursuit and orthogonal matching pursuit algorithms with Toeplitz and random matrix. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed method, several metrics were used, namely, sampling time, sparsity, required number of measurements, recovery time, processing time, recovery error, signal‐to‐noise ratio, and mean square error. The results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed method over the 2 other techniques in speed, robustness, recovery success, and handling uncertainty.
A maize landrace that emits defense volatiles in response to herbivore eggs possesses a strongly inducible terpene synthase gene
Authors: Tamiru Amanuel , Bruce Toby J. A. , Richter Annett , Woodcock Christine M. , Midega Charles A. O. , Degenhardt Jörg , Kelemu Segenet , Pickett John A. , Khan Zeyaur R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMaize (Zea mays) emits volatile terpenes in response to insect feeding and egg deposition to defend itself against harmful pests. However, maize cultivars differ strongly in their ability to produce the defense signal. To further understand the agroecological role and underlying genetic mechanisms for variation in terpene emission among maize cultivars, we studied the production of an important signaling component (E)‐caryophyllene in a South American maize landrace Braz1006 possessing stemborer Chilo partellus egg inducible defense trait, in comparison with the European maize line Delprim and North American inbred line B73. The (E)‐caryophyllene production level and transcript abundance of TPS23, terpene synthase responsible for (E)‐caryophyllene formation, were compared between Braz1006, Delprim, and B73 after mimicked herbivory. Braz1006–TPS23 was heterologously expressed in E. coli, and amino acid sequences were determined. Furthermore, electrophysiological and behavioral responses of a key parasitic wasp Cotesia sesamiae to C. partellus egg‐induced Braz1006 volatiles were determined using coupled gas chromatography electroantennography and olfactometer bioassay studies. After elicitor treatment, Braz1006 released eightfold higher (E)‐caryophyllene than Delprim, whereas no (E)‐caryophyllene was detected in B73. The superior (E)‐caryophyllene production by Braz1006 was positively correlated with high transcript levels of TPS23 in the landrace compared to Delprim. TPS23 alleles from Braz1006 showed dissimilarities at different sequence positions with Delprim and B73 and encodes an active enzyme. Cotesia sesamiae was attracted to egg‐induced volatiles from Braz1006 and synthetic (E)‐caryophyllene. The variation in (E)‐caryophyllene emission between Braz1006 and Delprim is positively correlated with induced levels of TPS23 transcripts. The enhanced TPS23 activity and corresponding (E)‐caryophyllene production by the maize landrace could be attributed to the differences in amino acid sequence with the other maize lines. This study suggested that the same analogous genes could have contrasting expression patterns in different maize genetic backgrounds. The current findings provide valuable insight not only into genetic mechanisms underlying variation in defense signal production but also the prospect of introgressing the novel defense traits into elite maize varieties for effective and ecologically sound protection of crops against damaging insect pests.
Influence of refining processes on content of bioactive compounds, rheology, and texture of olive pomace oil for use in topical formulations
Authors: Sánchez‐Gutiérrez Carla Andrea , Ruiz‐Méndez Maria Victoria , Jiménez‐Castellanos Maria Rosa , Lucero Maria Jesús 
Published: March 2017

Retaining the bioactive ingredients of olive pomace oil is a crucial step in ensuring their functional or pharmaceutical value. To help select the best method for retaining bioactive compounds in olive pomace oil, three refining processes, namely, chemical, classical physical, or molecular distillation, were compared at different temperatures. For each method, the contents of triacylglycerols, fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic, and linolenic acids), triterpenic acids (oleanolic and maslinic acids), and unsaponifiable matter (squalene, aliphatic, sterols, and terpenic) were studied. We observed that physical refining by molecular distillation provided oils with interesting amounts of bioactive compounds, especially triterpenic acids. Of these oils, the samples submitted to a temperature of 190°C exhibited a greater albeit low acidity compared with the other oils obtained by chemical and classical physical refining but exhibited higher amounts of all bioactive compounds. Conversely, the molecular distillation refining process had only a slight effect on the values of the consistency index. The firmness, cohesiveness, and adhesiveness parameters from texture profile analysis indicated that in general, all deodorized oils had high smoothness and spreadability but low adhesiveness. Molecular distillation was concluded to be the best refining process. Nevertheless, it is necessary to improve the working conditions of this process.Practical applications: Olive pomace oil has all functional compounds of extra virgin olive oil, but with a higher concentration of some minor components. It is, therefore, very interesting to use it in skin care formulations. However, for use in the pharmaceutical field must be refined. This study aimed to provide determine the influence of different refining processes (chemical refining, classical physical refining, or physical refining by molecular distillation at different temperatures) in determining the composition of bioactive compounds. The best refining process was selected based on the analytical determination of bioactive compounds by gas chromatography. Results indicated that molecular distillation is the best refining process. Nevertheless, it is necessary to improve the working conditions.Scheme of the extraction and refining processes to which olive pomace oil is subjected, to achieve the lowest losses of bioactive compounds for use in topical formulations.
The temporal and spatial scales of rocky coast geomorphology: a commentary
Authors: Kennedy David M. , Coombes Martin A. , Mottershead Derek N. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRocky shores are complex landforms that result from marine erosion and subaerial weathering. They are time‐integrated features where their present day form is the result of instantaneous erosion, often on the millimetre to sub‐metre scale, occurring for centuries to millennia. As a result, research on rocky coasts focuses on a range of temporal and spatial scales from granular‐scale swelling of a rock surface and instantaneous wave impact to modelling millennial‐scale sea level drivers. The challenge for rocky coast researchers is either to upscale or to downscale their results to the human‐timescales of greatest interest to managers. The research presented in Earth Surface Processes and Landforms over the past 3 years highlights the range of spatial and temporal approaches to the study of coastal cliffs and shore platforms. We identify a key temporal and spatial gap in current research. Seasonal–annual timeframes over hundreds of metres to kilometre scale studies appear to be lacking and are likely critical in understanding the future evolution of rocky coasts, especially their response to climate change. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessment of a new solution for tracking pebbles in rivers based on active RFID
Authors: Cassel Mathieu , Dépret Thomas , Piégay Hervé 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLow‐frequency passive integrated transponders (PIT tags), are commonly used for monitoring pebble mobility in gravel‐bed rivers. Although early studies reported high recovery rates for PIT tags used in small streams, recovery rates in larger systems remain low, substantially limiting the possibilities for their use in such rivers. These low recovery rates are potentially due to missed detections caused by tag signal collision, burial in the sediment layer deeper than the maximum detection range and insufficient (but still exhausting) field effort to cover the concerned areas. A potential solution for addressing these problems is to use active ultra‐high frequency (a‐UHF) transponders as these have a greater detection range and anti‐collision protocols. In order to assess the potential of such transponders for pebble tracking in rivers, we used 433.92 MHz COIN‐ID and COIN‐HC models (ELA Innovation Company, Montpellier, France). We completed several tests to (i) characterize transponder detection ranges in the water and in saturated sediment and (ii) develop field protocols for locating tags by combining global positioning systems (GPS) sites and transponder received signal strength indication (RSSI) levels. The results showed that (i) the maximum detection ranges are about 2.4 m in the water column and more than 2.6 m in a column of saturated gravelly‐sandy sediment, (ii) RSSI spatial interpolation can be used to determine transponder position with good accuracy (< 1 m), (iii) the desired minimal level of accuracy can be adjusted depending on in‐field effort and signal impulse interval, (iv) the RSSI maximal value observed cannot yet be used to determine transponder burial depth because of the multipath propagation of radio frequencies and the semi‐directional emission of the tag signal. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Providing ultra‐short latency to user‐centric 5G applications at the mobile network edge
Authors: Farris I. , Taleb T. , Flinck H. , Iera A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMobile Edge Computing (MEC) will play a key role in next‐generation mobile networks to extend the range of supported delay‐sensitive applications. Furthermore, an increasing attention is paid to provide user‐centric services, to better address the strict requirements of novel immersive applications. In this scenario, MEC solutions need to efficiently cope with user mobility, which requires fast relocation of service instances to guarantee the desired Quality of Experience. However, service migration is still an open issue, especially for resource‐constrained edge nodes interconnected by high‐latency and low‐bandwidth links. In this paper, by leveraging the potential of lightweight container‐based virtualization techniques, we investigate a novel approach to support service provisioning in dynamic MEC environments. In particular, we present a framework where proactive service replication for stateless applications is exploited to drastically reduce the time of service migration between different cloudlets and to meet the latency requirements. The performance evaluation shows promising results of our approach with respect to classic reactive service migration.
Cortical and subcortical mechanisms of brain‐machine interfaces
Authors: Marchesotti Silvia , Martuzzi Roberto , Schurger Aaron , Blefari Maria Laura , del Millán José R. , Bleuler Hannes , Blanke Olaf 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTechnical advances in the field of Brain‐Machine Interfaces (BMIs) enable users to control a variety of external devices such as robotic arms, wheelchairs, virtual entities and communication systems through the decoding of brain signals in real time. Most BMI systems sample activity from restricted brain regions, typically the motor and premotor cortex, with limited spatial resolution. Despite the growing number of applications, the cortical and subcortical systems involved in BMI control are currently unknown at the whole‐brain level. Here, we provide a comprehensive and detailed report of the areas active during on‐line BMI control. We recorded functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data while participants controlled an EEG‐based BMI inside the scanner. We identified the regions activated during BMI control and how they overlap with those involved in motor imagery (without any BMI control). In addition, we investigated which regions reflect the subjective sense of controlling a BMI, the sense of agency for BMI‐actions. Our data revealed an extended cortical‐subcortical network involved in operating a motor‐imagery BMI. This includes not only sensorimotor regions but also the posterior parietal cortex, the insula and the lateral occipital cortex. Interestingly, the basal ganglia and the anterior cingulate cortex were involved in the subjective sense of controlling the BMI. These results inform basic neuroscience by showing that the mechanisms of BMI control extend beyond sensorimotor cortices. This knowledge may be useful for the development of BMIs that offer a more natural and embodied feeling of control for the user. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2971–2989, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quantitative representations of an exaggerated anxiety response in the brain of female spider phobics—a parametric fMRI study
Authors: Zilverstand Anna , Sorger Bettina , Kaemingk Anita , Goebel Rainer 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe employed a novel parametric spider picture set in the context of a parametric fMRI anxiety provocation study, designed to tease apart brain regions involved in threat monitoring from regions representing an exaggerated anxiety response in spider phobics. For the stimulus set, we systematically manipulated perceived proximity of threat by varying a depicted spider's context, size, and posture. All stimuli were validated in a behavioral rating study (phobics n = 20; controls n = 20; all female). An independent group participated in a subsequent fMRI anxiety provocation study (phobics n = 7; controls n = 7; all female), in which we compared a whole‐brain categorical to a whole‐brain parametric analysis. Results demonstrated that the parametric analysis provided a richer characterization of the functional role of the involved brain networks. In three brain regions—the mid insula, the dorsal anterior cingulate, and the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex—activation was linearly modulated by perceived proximity specifically in the spider phobia group, indicating a quantitative representation of an exaggerated anxiety response. In other regions (e.g., the amygdala), activation was linearly modulated in both groups, suggesting a functional role in threat monitoring. Prefrontal regions, such as dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, were activated during anxiety provocation but did not show a stimulus‐dependent linear modulation in either group. The results confirm that brain regions involved in anxiety processing hold a quantitative representation of a pathological anxiety response and more generally suggest that parametric fMRI designs may be a very powerful tool for clinical research in the future, particularly when developing novel brain‐based interventions (e.g., neurofeedback training). Hum Brain Mapp 38:3025–3038, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Objective 3D surface evaluation of intracranial electrophysiologic correlates of cerebral glucose metabolic abnormalities in children with focal epilepsy
Authors: Jeong Jeong‐Won , Asano Eishi , Kumar Pilli Vinod , Nakai Yasuo , Chugani Harry T. , Juhász Csaba 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTo determine the spatial relationship between 2‐deoxy‐2[18F]fluoro‐D‐glucose (FDG) metabolic and intracranial electrophysiological abnormalities in children undergoing two‐stage epilepsy surgery, statistical parametric mapping (SPM) was used to correlate hypo‐ and hypermetabolic cortical regions with ictal and interictal electrocorticography (ECoG) changes mapped onto the brain surface. Preoperative FDG‐PET scans of 37 children with intractable epilepsy (31 with non‐localizing MRI) were compared with age‐matched pseudo‐normal pediatric control PET data. Hypo‐/hypermetabolic maps were transformed to 3D‐MRI brain surface to compare the locations of metabolic changes with electrode coordinates of the ECoG‐defined seizure onset zone (SOZ) and interictal spiking. While hypometabolic clusters showed a good agreement with the SOZ on the lobar level (sensitivity/specificity = 0.74/0.64), detailed surface‐distance analysis demonstrated that large portions of ECoG‐defined SOZ and interictal spiking area were located at least 3 cm beyond hypometabolic regions with the same statistical threshold (sensitivity/specificity = 0.18–0.25/0.94–0.90 for overlap 3‐cm distance); for a lower threshold, sensitivity for SOZ at 3 cm increased to 0.39 with a modest compromise of specificity. Performance of FDG‐PET SPM was slightly better in children with smaller as compared with widespread SOZ. The results demonstrate that SPM utilizing age‐matched pseudocontrols can reliably detect the lobe of seizure onset. However, the spatial mismatch between metabolic and EEG epileptiform abnormalities indicates that a more complete SOZ detection could be achieved by extending intracranial electrode coverage at least 3 cm beyond the metabolic abnormality. Considering that the extent of feasible electrode coverage is limited, localization information from other modalities is particularly important to optimize grid coverage in cases of large hypometabolic cortex. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3098–3112, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.