bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-cell transcriptomic atlas of enteroendocrine cells along the murine gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Smith Christopher A. , O’Flaherty Elisabeth A. A. , Guccio Nunzio , Punnoose Austin , Darwish Tamana , Lewis Jo E. , Foreman Rachel E. , Li Joyce , Kay Richard G. , Adriaenssens Alice E. , Reimann Frank , Gribble Fiona M. 
Published: October 2024

Background
Enteroendocrine cells (EECs) produce over 20 gut hormones which contribute to intestinal physiology, nutrient metabolism and the regulation of food intake. The objective of this study was to generate a comprehensive transcriptomic map of mouse EECs from the stomach to the rectum.

Methods
EECs were purified by flow-cytometry from the stomach, upper small intestine, lower small intestine, caecum and large intestine of NeuroD1-Cre mice, and analysed by single cell RNA sequencing. Regional datasets were analysed bioinformatically and combined into a large cluster map. Findings were validated by L-cell calcium imaging and measurements of CCK secretion in vitro.

Results
20,006 EECs across the full gastrointestinal tract could be subdivided based on their full transcriptome into 10 major clusters, each exhibiting a different pattern of gut hormone expression. EECs from the stomach were largely distinct from those found more distally, even when expressing the same hormone. Cell clustering was also observed when performed only using genes related to GPCR cell signalling, revealing GPCRs predominating in different EEC populations. Mc4r was expressed in 55% of Cck-expressing cells in the upper small intestine, where MC4R agonism was found to stimulate CCK release in primary cultures. Many individual EECs expressed more than one hormone as well as machinery for activation by multiple nutrients, which was supported by the finding that the majority of L-cells exhibited calcium responses to multiple stimuli.

Conclusions
This comprehensive transcriptomic map of mouse EECs reveals patterns of GPCR and hormone co-expression that should be helpful in predicting the effects of nutritional and pharmacological stimuli on EECs from different regions of the gut. The finding that MC4R agonism stimulates CCK secretion adds to our understanding of the melanocortin system.
Diuretic responses to Ringer's solution and 20% albumin at different arterial pressures
Authors: Hahn Robert G. , Zdolsek Markus , Gunnström Michaela , Hasselgren Emma , Zdolsek Joachim H. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntravenous volume loading is a common treatment when hypovolemia is a potential cause of oliguria. We studied whether the effectiveness of Ringer's solution and 20% albumin in inducing diuresis differs depending on the mean arterial pressure (MAP). For this purpose, volume kinetic analysis was performed based on urine output and hemoglobin‐derived plasma dilution obtained during and after 136 infusions of Ringer and 85 infusions of 20% albumin. Covariance analysis quantified the diuretic response at different arterial pressures. The results show that the diuretic response to a known plasma volume expansion was greater for Ringer's solution above a MAP of 70 mmHg, while 20% albumin was significantly more effective at lower pressures (p < 0.03). Simulations of the urinary output in response to infusion of a predefined fluid volume yielded superior efficacy for 20% albumin when the MAP was low, while Ringer's was similarly effective when the MAP averaged 100 mmHg. In conclusion, urine output in response to plasma volume expansion with 20% albumin was similar to, or even stronger, than that of Ringer's solution when the MAP was below 70 mmHg.
Entwicklung eines OER-Repositoriums für die Hochschullandschaft der Schweiz
Authors: Flühler Roger , Krüger Nicole 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Unter Federführung der Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften (ZHAW) wurde eine zentrale Plattform für Open Educational Resources (OER) für die Schweizer Hochschullandschaft entwickelt, um die Verbreitung von offenen Lehrmaterialien zu erleichtern. Die Plattform basiert auf der Software Edu-Sharing und wurde in Zusammenarbeit mit anderen Schweizer Hochschulen und dem IT-Dienstleister Switch realisiert. Wichtige Funktionen wie die DOI-Vergabe, Benutzerfreundlichkeit und einfache Upload-Prozesse wurden integriert, um die Nutzung und Verbreitung von OER zu fördern. Nach dem Go-Live im Juli 2024 ermöglicht die Plattform den freien Zugang zu einer breiten Vielfalt an Lehrressourcen.
Around the 1990s: A “Wende” for Research Libraries
Authors: Vitiello Giuseppe 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The aim of this paper is three-fold. First, it describes the situation of libraries in the years around 1990 from the perspective of international organisations, namely the Council of Europe and the European Commission. Second, it intends to show that this healthy situation already held the seeds of the future frailty of academic libraries. Third, it compares key debates in the Nineties with today’s challenges for research libraries and shows how key decisions taken in the Nineties had a long-term impact on future library trends.
Integrating ethics and democratic principles in chemistry education: a case study
Authors: Stojanovska Marina 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study presents a novel approach to integrating ethics and core values into chemistry education through the module “Culture of Democracy Through the Didactics of Chemistry.” Developed as part of a broader initiative aimed at educating future teachers for democracy and human rights, this module explores the ethical dimensions of chemical knowledge and its social and environmental impact. Utilizing the Council of Europe’s Reference Framework of Competences for Democratic Culture, it introduces pre-service teachers to concepts such as responsibility, human dignity, and the rule of law. The module involved six pre-service teachers and two schoolteacher-mentors. Key activities included student-led discussions, such as exploring personal responsibility and moral dilemmas in chemistry, exemplified by the Heinz dilemma, and engaging in discourse on the possibility of breaking a law for morally justifiable reasons to comprehend the delicate balance between legal duties and moral responsibilities. Through reflective exercises and collaborative learning, pre-service teachers engage critically with the ethical implications of their future profession. Initial feedback highlights the value of integrating ethical discussions into chemistry education, fostering deeper reflection and a sense of responsibility among pre-service teachers. The study provides a valuable framework for educators integrating ethics into science curricula, fostering responsible chemistry practice aligned with social values.
On Vegetal Geography: Perspectives on Critical Plant Studies, Placism, and Resilience
Authors: Rivas Virgilio Aquino , Biana Hazel T. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study contributes to the emerging subdiscipline of geography, defined as vegetal geography, expanding beyond Critical Plant Studies’ focus on place-based interactions with and adaptations to human systems and ecologies. In this sense, vegetal geography covers political and cultural ecologies and psychogeography of events, highlighted by the recent pandemic, the ongoing threat of anthropogenic climate change, and the re-emergence of global diseases in recent years amid unrestrained consumerism and human niche constructions. These so-called Anthropocene proliferations tend to ramify the relation of place to organic entanglement with the non-organic, human with the nonhuman, which implicates species trade-offs, uncanny alliances, and affinities, via a series of differential synthesis, borrowing from Deleuze and Guattari, amid increasing climate anomalies. In the process, they engender emergent ecologies where vegetal life, a key Deleuzean concept, provides a critical pivot to interspecies relations in times of crisis and emergency.
Whither the Walking Dead? The Consequences of Artificial Intelligence for Zombie Firms
Authors: Banerjee Ryan , Doerr Sebastian , Hofmann Boris 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Zombie firms have been a prominent yet controversial subject of academic and policy debates in recent years. In this article, we first revisit the economic consequences and driving factors of zombie companies and then, based on this assessment, discuss the implications of artificial intelligence (AI) for zombie firms. We document that the share of zombie firms in advanced economies has risen considerably over the past three decades, and that this increase has been a significant drag on productivity growth. We further find that persistently low interest rates are a significant causal factor underlying the rise of zombie companies. Turning to AI, we argue that an AI-induced productivity boom may counteract the drag from zombie firms and improve firm performance, mitigating corporate zombification. Moreover, by leading to higher interest rates that force zombie firms to exit markets, AI may boost productivity further in the longer run – a so far overlooked channel in the debate on the economic implications of AI.
Mode of delivery and behavioral and neuropsychological outcomes in children at 10 years of age
Authors: Massa Andrew , Yang Zhixin , Tamashiro Ryan , Isik Oliver , Landau Ruth , Miles Caleb H. , Von Ungern-Sternberg Britta S. , Whitehouse Andrew , Li Guohua , Pennell Craig E. , Ing Caleb 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Previous studies have reported that mode of delivery, particularly cesarean delivery (CD), is associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes in children. This study evaluates behavioral and neuropsychological test scores in children based on mode of delivery.

Methods
Children enrolled in the Raine Study from Western Australia, born between 1989 and 1992 by instrumental vaginal delivery (IVD), elective CD, and non-elective CD, were compared to those with spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD). The primary outcome was the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) administered at age 10. Secondary outcomes included evaluations of language, motor function, cognition, and autistic traits. Multivariable linear regression was used to evaluate score differences by mode of delivery adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and Poisson regression was used to evaluate for increased risk of clinical deficit.

Results
Of 2,855 children, 1770 (62.0 %) were delivered via SVD, 480 (16.8 %) via IVD, 346 (12.1 %) via elective CD, and 259 (9.1 %) via non-elective CD. Non-elective CD was associated with higher (worse) CBCL Internalizing (+2.09; 95 % CI 0.49, 3.96; p=0.01) scores, and elective CD was associated with lower (worse) McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development (MAND) (−3.48; 95 % CI −5.61, −1.35; p=0.001) scores. Differences were not seen in other outcomes, and increased risk of clinical deficit was not observed with either the CBCL Internalizing or MAND scores.

Conclusions
Differences in behavior and motor function were observed in children delivered by CD, but given that score differences were not associated with increased incidence of clinical deficit, clinical significance may be limited.
Properties and units in the clinical laboratory sciences. Part XXVIII. NPU codes for characterizing subpopulations of the hematopoietic lineage, described from their clusters of differentiation molecules (IUPAC Technical Report)
Authors: Lindholm Evita Maria , Taraldsrud Eli , Bay Jakob Thaning , Bemark Mats , Bernth Jensen Jens Magnus , Ceder Rebecca , Abrahamsen Elisabeth , Yilmaz Fatma Meric , Devaraj Sridevi , van der Hagen Eline , Johannessen Helle Møller 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This document describes how the Nomenclature for Properties and Units (NPU) terminology can be applied to differentiate between cell subpopulations of the hematopoietic lineage. The clusters of differentiation molecules are included in the NPU syntax, together with its correct affiliations to indicate their presence or absence. This allows for identification and isolation of cell populations, subsets, and differentiation stages, which is essential for correct diagnosis and treatment of several malignancies and autoimmune diseases.
Separation of no-carrier-added Bi and stable Bi from thallium
Authors: Naskar Nabanita , Mitra Sayantani , Lahiri Susanta 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
No carrier added 204,206Bi radioisotopes were produced by alpha induced reaction on Tl2CO3 target. Liquid liquid extraction method using 18-crown-6 dissolved in nitrobenzene and HClO4 was developed for the separation of NCA 204,206Bi from bulk Tl target. Bulk Tl was observed to be extracted by the organic phase at higher HClO4 concentrations leaving NCA Bi radioisotopes in the aqueous phase. At 0.01 M 18-crown-6 concentration with 2 M HClO4, separation factor (S
Tl/Bi) as high as 3.7 × 103 was achieved. The separation experiment was repeated with stable isotopes of Bi and Tl. The extent of separation was monitored by ICP-OES and the results corroborated with radiometric methods.
A spectral cavalcade: Early Iron Age horse sacrifice at a royal tomb in southern Siberia
Authors: Sadykov Timur , Blochin Jegor , Taylor William , Fomicheva Daria , Kasparov Alexey , Khavrin Sergey , Malyutina Anna , Szidat Sönke , Caspari Gino 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHorses began to feature prominently in funerary contexts in southern Siberia in the mid-second millennium BC, yet little is known about the use of these animals prior to the emergence of vibrant horse-riding groups in the first millennium BC. Here, the authors present the results of excavations at the late-ninth-century BC tomb of Tunnug 1 in Tuva, where the deposition of the remains of at least 18 horses and one human is reminiscent of sacrificial spectral riders described in fifth-century Scythian funerary rituals by Herodotus. The discovery of items of tack further reveals connections to the earliest horse cultures of Mongolia.
Development of Teaching Modules for Strategic Management Courses Based on Problem-Based Learning to Increase Students' Cognitive Flexibility
Authors: Saeroji Ahmad , Muhsin  , Kharismaputra Aulia Prima 
Published: October 2024

This research aims to develop and test whether the problem-based learning (PBL) teaching module that the author created in the strategic management course can increase students' cognitive flexibility. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model, which includes the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation stages. The sample in this study was students of the Office Administration Education Study Program, Semarang State University, class of 2021, with 109 students divided into three classes. Furthermore, the results of the module that has been developed are tested regarding the increase in the average cognitive flexibility score after carrying out the pre-test and post-test. Based on research results, the experimental class that used the PBL module showed an average increase in cognitive flexibility score of 17.3 points, while the control class only increased by 4.4 points. Statistical tests showed a significant increase in the experimental class (p < 0.001), while the control class did not show a significant increase (p = 0.065). Meanwhile, student activities in the experimental class showed active participation in the learning process, problem-solving involvement, and better teamwork than in the control class. Student feedback indicates that PBL makes learning more enjoyable, helps students think critically, and is relevant to the real world.
High expression of COL8A1 predicts poor prognosis and promotes EMT in papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Liang Weiwei , Chen Junxin , Li Hai , Zhang Pengyuan , Guan Hongyu , Li Yanbing 
Published: October 2024

Background
Collagen type VIII α 1 chain (COL8A1), a collagen type VIII protein, has been suggested to exert various functions in progression of multiple cancers. However, the effect of COL8A1 in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has not been elucidated.

Methods
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases were applied to investigate the COL8A1 expression and its clinical significance in PTC. The COL8A1 expression level was further validated using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data and clinical paired PTC tissues. Additionally, the Kaplan–Meier curve was used to analyze the prognosis. The cell’s migrative and invasive abilities were evaluated by wound healing assay and Transwell assay. CCK8 assays were used to evaluate the proliferation of PTC cells. Western blotting was conducted to explore the potential mechanisms involved in the pro-tumor role of COL8A1. The correlation between immune cell infiltration and COL8A1 was analyzed using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database and the single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) method.

Results
We found that COL8A1 was upregulated in PTC (P < 0.05). High COL8A1 expression level was significantly associated with advanced T stage (P < 0.01), N stage (P < 0.001) and poor prognosis (P = 0.0142) in PTC. Furthermore, cell migration and invasion were significantly reduced following COL8A1 knockdown (P < 0.001). Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related proteins (FN1, MMP9, MMP7, ZEB2 and Twist1) and phosphorylation of AKT and ERK were obviously down-regulated after COL8A1 knockdown (P < 0.01). Moreover, COL8A1 expression was correlated with immune cell infiltration.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrates that COL8A1 may function as an oncogene and a potential prognostic biomarker for PTC patients.
Lactose hydrolysis in sheep and cow milk with varying fat levels to evaluate enzymatic production of lactulose
Authors: Becker A.F. , Gazoni I. , Knakiewicz L. , Sehn G.A.R. , Cavalheiro D. , Rigo E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to perform lactose hydrolysis using free and immobilised β-galactosidase in cow and sheep milk with different fat levels, followed by lactulose synthesis through the isomerisation of glucose to fructose using immobilised glucose isomerase. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in lactose hydrolysis (>95%) using the free enzyme in the different types of milk. In contrast, significant differences were observed for the hydrolysis of whole cow milk (WCM) and skimmed cow milk (SCM) with the immobilised enzyme (IE). WCM required a longer hydrolysis time (43 h). Thus, the fat content may have affected the lactose hydrolysis of bovine milk with immobilised β-galactosidase. No difference was observed for whole sheep milk and skimmed sheep milk hydrolysed by IE, possibly due to the presence of smaller fat globules, which did not affect the lactose hydrolysis. No significant differences were observed for lactulose synthesis in whole milk from the different species evaluated. The lactulose synthesis in cow and sheep milk by the enzymatic route may be a promising alternative, though further studies are required to optimise the production of this prebiotic in situ.
Acetazolamide Therapy and Kidney Function in Persons with Nonalbuminuric Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
Authors: Ginsberg Charles , Seegmiller Jesse C. , Vallon Volker , SeungMi Jin Sami , Thomas Robert L. , Boeder Schafer C. , Pettus Jeremy , Ix Joachim H. 
Published: October 2024

Key Points

Low-dose acetazolamide reversibly lowered GFR in persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus, suggesting a possible role in relieving glomerular hyperfiltration.Low doses of acetazolamide were well tolerated in persons with type 1 diabetes.

Background
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) lower the risk of kidney failure in persons with type 2 diabetes. The presumed mechanism of action is through greater delivery of sodium to the distal tubule and activation of tubuloglomerular feedback, which lowers GFR and intraglomerular pressure. SGLT2is are not approved for use in persons with type 1 diabetes because of the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis. Acetazolamide, a proximal tubule diuretic, delivers more sodium to the distal nephron and may activate tubuloglomerular feedback in a similar way to SGLT2is without a higher risk of diabetic ketoacidosis. The kidney effects and safety of acetazolamide in persons with type 1 diabetes have not been well studied.

Methods
We conducted a dose-escalation trial to determine the effects of three dosages of oral acetazolamide (62.5, 125, and 250 mg, all twice daily) in 12 persons with type 1 diabetes. Participants were treated for 2 weeks, followed by a 2-week washout period before exposure to the next dosage level. Blood and urine chemistries, as well as iohexol-measured GFR, were assessed before and after each treatment interval. We aimed to identify a dose that maximized measured GFR reductions while minimizing adverse effects.

Results
The mean age was 46±17 years, 100% were White, and 75% were female. The mean measured GFR was 89±18 ml/min per 1.73 m2 at baseline. Acetazolamide reduced measured GFR by 15% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9 to 21), 14% (95% CI, 7 to 21), and 15% (95% CI, 10 to 21) after 2 weeks at the 62.5, 125, and 250 mg twice-daily dosage levels, respectively. The measured GFR reduction was fully reversed after each 2-week washout. Serum bicarbonate was reduced by 2.3, 4.2, and 4.4 mEq/L with escalating doses, and no episodes of hypokalemia (<3.5 mEq/L) were observed.

Conclusions
Among persons with type 1 diabetes and preserved kidney function, acetazolamide caused an acute, reversible reduction in measured GFR without effects on glucose metabolism.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:
Acetazolamide in Persons with Type 1 Diabetes, NCT05473364.
A Damping Modification Factor Prediction Model for Horizontal Pseudoacceleration Spectrum for Subduction Slab Earthquakes Using Offshore Ground Motions in the Japan Trench Area
Authors: Liu Mingji , Hu Jinjun , Tan Jingyang , Shi Hao 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
This study develops a damping modification factor (DMF) model for offshore ground motion from subduction slab earthquakes that is a function of the damping ratio, spectral period, moment magnitude, focal depth, and rupture distance. The DMF values for 10 damping ratios between 1% and 30% and 34 spectral periods ranging from 0.03 to 5.0 s are calculated using 2803 offshore ground-motion records obtained from the S-net in Japan. An examination of the residuals from a median model, which considers deployment methods, indicates that DMF is influenced by parameters such as magnitude, depth, and distance. The DMF model includes the following components: a median model considering deployment method, a magnitude linear term, a magnitude square term, a focal depth term, an ln(R) scaling, and a constant term. The influence of damping ratio on model coefficients can be simulated by a quadratic function of the damping ratio. In addition, we established a DMF standard deviation model, for which the influence of damping ratio and spectral period on the standard deviation can be simulated by a quadratic function of the damping ratio and a quartic polynomial of the spectral period, respectively. The uncertainty related to the path and site effects is the main source of the deviation of the DMF model. We have conducted a comparison between the offshore DMF model and onshore model proposed by Rezaeian, Al Atik, et al. (2021), revealing that for lower damping ratios, the offshore DMF is generally lower at periods less than 0.2 s and larger at periods greater than 2.0 s compared to its onshore counterparts. The offshore DMF model adjusts the acceleration spectrum proposed by Tan and Hu (2024) to generate smooth pseudoacceleration spectra for most spectral periods.