bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic analgesic effect of propofol–alfentanil combination through detecting the inhibition of cAMP signal pathway
Authors: Cao Shanshan , Li Yuwen , Wang Lu , Cui Jia , Jia Na , Li Ruili , Zhao Chao , Wang Chao , Wu Yin , Wen Aidong 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Objective
The study aims to investigate the possible mechanism of the synergistic analgesic effect of propofol–alfentanil combination.

Methods
The synergistic analgesic effects of propofol–alfentanil combination in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were analysed through the von Frey test. Then, we examined the activity of phospholipase C (PLC) and the intracellular levels of Ca2+ and adenosine 3′, 5′cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) in primary neuronal cells of fetal SD rats. We detected the intracellular Ca2+ concentration by fluorescence and flow cytometry. The PLC activity of the primary neuronal cells was assayed using the EnzChek® Direct Phospholipase C Assay Kit. The cAMP content of the cells was assayed using the cAMP Direct Immunoassay Kit (Fluorometric).

Key findings
Both propofol and alfentanil treatments depressed cAMP levels and PLC activity, but propofol–alfentanil combination decreased these parameters to a greater extent than alfentanil treatment alone. Propofol and alfentanil both inhibited Ca2+ channel, but propofol–alfentanil combination suppressed this channel to a greater extent than alfentanil treatment alone. Fluorescent image analysis revealed that both propofol and alfentanil reduced the intracellular levels of Ca2+, and propofol–alfentanil combination showed weaker signals than alfentanil alone. Propofol–alfentanil combination significantly reduced intracellular Ca2+ level, cAMP level and PLC activity.

Conclusion
Propofol and alfentanil exert synergistic analgesic effects through the adenylyl cyclase pathway.
Effects of Feeding Frequency on Apparent Energy and Nutrient Digestibility/Availability of Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, Reared at Optimal and Suboptimal Temperatures
Authors: Li Menghe H. , Lucas Penelope M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis study examined the effects of feeding frequency (daily versus every other day [EOD]) on nutrient digestibility/availability of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, reared at optimal (30 C) and suboptimal (24 C) temperatures. A 28% protein practical diet was used as the test diet, and chromic oxide was used at 0.75% of the diet as a maker. Twenty channel catfish of a mean weight of 141 g/fish were stocked into 12 flow‐through aquaria (110 L). Fish were fed daily or EOD to apparent satiation for 7 d before fecal samples were collected by the dissection method. Fish fed EOD to apparent satiation consumed more diet on days fed than those fed daily, and fish reared at 30 C consumed more diet than those reared at 24 C. Neither feeding frequency nor water temperature significantly affected apparent digestibility coefficients for energy and protein and apparent availability coefficients for total amino acids. Results show no advantage by feeding EOD over feeding daily on nutrient digestibility and diet utilization efficiency.
Promoting the menstrual health of adolescent girls in China
Authors: Su Jing Jing , Lindell Deborah 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn China, nurses have limited presence in schools, thus, adolescent girls often lack accurate information about menstrual health, which may lead to incorrect and unhealthy menstrual‐related behavior. This study investigated the effects of a culturally and developmentally tailored nursing intervention on the menstrual health of adolescent girls in China. Following institutional review board approval, adolescent girls aged 12–15 were recruited from two schools. A quasi‐experimental, pretest‐posttest design examined the effects of five interactive education sessions on menstrual health. The final sample included 116 adolescent girls. Significant improvement was observed in the intervention group regarding menstrual knowledge, confidence in performing menstrual healthcare behavior, and dysmenorrhea related self‐care behavior. A nurse‐managed education program improved adolescent girls' menstrual knowledge, promoted a more positive attitude, encouraged confidence, and improved pain relief practice. We recommend that professional nurses globally advocate for school nursing and routine menstrual health education for adolescent girls.
An IV Test for a Unit Root in Generally Trending and Correlated Panels
Authors: Westerlund Joakim 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis paper proposes an IV‐based panel unit root test that is general enough to accommodate general error serial and cross‐section dependence, and a potentially nonlinear deterministic trend function. These allowances make the new test one of the most general around. It is also very simple to implement. Indeed, the IV statistic is asymptotically invariant to not only to all nuisance parameters characterizing the dependence of the errors and the true trend function, but also the deterministic specification of the fitted test regression.
Bullous Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma Masquerading as Aplasia Cutis Congenita
Authors: Steen Aaron J. , Shin Joseph H. , Pace Nicole C. , Edgar Mark , Clay Michael R. , Linos Konstantinos , Barton Dorothea T. , Mann Julianne A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe present the case of a male infant with violaceous bullae on the scalp that were initially thought to be bullous aplasia cutis but at 3 months of age were diagnosed as a kaposiform hemangioendothelioma. This diagnosis should be considered when evaluating newborns with bullous plaques on the scalp that do not heal in the first 2–3 weeks of life. Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare vascular tumor that typically presents as a violaceous to purpuric plaque at birth or early infancy. It may be associated with Kasabach‐Merritt phenomenon (KMP), a potentially life‐threatening consumptive coagulopathy.
A Case of Blau Syndrome with NOD2 E383K Mutation
Authors: Harada Jun , Nakajima Takeshi , Kanazawa Nobuo 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe report a 3.5‐year‐old Japanese boy who developed lichenoid papules and erythema with noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas with a scant lymphocytic infiltrate histologically on his limbs at the age of 8 months. Genetic analysis of the patient and his parents, who had no medical past history, revealed heterozygous 1147G>A (E383K) mutation of NOD2 in the patient and in his father, so the patient was diagnosed with Blau syndrome and his father as an asymptomatic carrier. Although Blau syndrome has been reported as a genetic disease with high penetrance, asymptomatic carrier cases of a family with the same E383K mutation have also been reported. These results suggest that some contributing factors are required for the development of inflammatory and granulomatous responses in heterozygous carriers of a NOD2 E383K mutation.
Lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum in a child with atrial tachycardia
Authors: Tutar Ercan , Çiftçi Ömer , Fitoz Suat , Kendirli Tanıl , Ödek Çağlar , Uçar Tayfun , Kansu Aydan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA 13‐year‐old girl who had been on home parenteral nutrition for 6 months has been presented with multifocal atrial tachycardia and atrial fibrillation. Echocardiography and multislice computed tomography showed fat accumulation on the interatrial septum. Lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum has never been reported in children.
Severe hypoglycemic encephalopathy due to hypoallergenic formula in an infant
Authors: Ogawa Erika , Ishige Mika , Takahashi Yuno , Kodama Hiroko , Fuchigami Tatsuo , Takahashi Shori 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA 7‐month‐old girl was brought to hospital due to vomiting. Upon admission, she was in a convulsive state and stupor with extremely low blood glucose. Head computed tomography showed brain edema, and comprehensive treatment for acute encephalopathy was initiated immediately. Severe hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, elevation of ammonia and serum transaminases and creatine kinase suggested metabolic decompensation. Infusion of a high‐glucose solution containing vitamins, biotin, and l‐carnitine resolved the metabolic crisis quickly, but brain damage was irreversible. She was found to have been fed exclusively on a hypoallergenic formula (HF) for 7 months, although she was found later to be non‐allergic. Evidence of inborn metabolic diseases was absent, therefore biotin deficiency and carnitine deficiency were concluded to be a consequence of reliance on a HF for a prolonged period. Health‐care professionals should warn parents of the consequences of using HF.
Brain correlates of the orientation of auditory spatial attention onto speaker location in a “cocktail‐party” situation
Authors: Lewald Jörg , Hanenberg Christina , Getzmann Stephan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSuccessful speech perception in complex auditory scenes with multiple competing speakers requires spatial segregation of auditory streams into perceptually distinct and coherent auditory objects and focusing of attention toward the speaker of interest. Here, we focused on the neural basis of this remarkable capacity of the human auditory system and investigated the spatiotemporal sequence of neural activity within the cortical network engaged in solving the “cocktail‐party” problem. Twenty‐eight subjects localized a target word in the presence of three competing sound sources. The analysis of the ERPs revealed an anterior contralateral subcomponent of the N2 (N2ac), computed as the difference waveform for targets to the left minus targets to the right. The N2ac peaked at about 500 ms after stimulus onset, and its amplitude was correlated with better localization performance. Cortical source localization for the contrast of left versus right targets at the time of the N2ac revealed a maximum in the region around left superior frontal sulcus and frontal eye field, both of which are known to be involved in processing of auditory spatial information. In addition, a posterior‐contralateral late positive subcomponent (LPCpc) occurred at a latency of about 700 ms. Both these subcomponents are potential correlates of allocation of spatial attention to the target under cocktail‐party conditions.
Overexpression of C/EBPβ Affects The Cell Cycle Regulators and Spermatogenesis Related Genes Expression And Function of Bovine Sertoli Cells
Authors: Tang K , Jin Y , Chen F , Wang L 
Published: June 2016

ContentsCCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein beta (C/EBPβ), an important transcriptional factor, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of female germ cell development. However, the role of C/EBPβ on the development of male germ cells has not been reported. In this study, we constructed the recombinant adenovirus plasmids of bovine C/EBPβ gene and harvested the subsequent adenoviruses, and then assessed the mRNA levels of spermatogenesis‐related genes (real‐time PCR) and secretion of inhibin B after 48 h of Ad‐C/EBPβ recombinant adenovirus infection in bovine sertoli cells (SCs). We found that overexpression of exogenous C/EBPβ gene upregulated the mRNA expressions of spermatogenesis‐related genes, including Pdgfa, Claudin, Caspase‐3, Occludin, kit1 and Cyclin E, and decreased the mRNA levels of Cyclin D1. Meanwhile, overexpression of exogenous C/EBPβ gene significantly increases the amounts of secreted inhibin B. In conclusion, the results indicate that the C/EBPβ gene plays an important regulatory role in regulation of the cell cycle regulators and spermatogenesis‐related genes expression and function of bovine SCs.
Effects of positive end expiratory pressure administration during non‐invasive ventilation in patients affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A randomized crossover study
Authors: Crescimanno Grazia , Greco Francesca , Arrisicato Salvo , Morana Noemi , Marrone Oreste 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackground and objectiveNo studies have evaluated the impact of different settings of non‐invasive ventilation (NIV) in patients affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We explored consequences of positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) application on effectiveness of ventilation, sleep architecture and heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with ALS naïve to ventilatory treatment.MethodsIn two consecutive nights, 25 patients received in random order 0 or 4 cm H20 of PEEP during nocturnal NIV administration (Idea Ultra ResMed) with the same level of total positive inspiratory pressure. Polysomnographies were performed to evaluate sleep and NIV quality, as well as HRV. HRV was analyzed on 4‐h periods and on 5‐min segments of stable NREM sleep.ResultsWe did not observe differences in gas exchanges during NIV with and without PEEP. Conversely, during PEEP application increases in leaks (41.4 ± 29.3% vs 31.0 ± 25.7%, P = 0.0007) and in autotriggerings (4.2 (IQR 1.3–10.0) vs 0.9 (IQR 0.0–3.0) events/h, P < 0.001, PEEP vs no PEEP, respectively) occurred. Besides, N3 sleep stage duration decreased (2.5% (IQR 0.0–18.0) vs 0.0% (IQR0.0–12.1), P = 0.001) and arousal/awakening index increased (16.9 ± 7.4 vs 13.4 ± 5.0 events/h, P = 0.01). Data on HRV were available in 15 patients. A higher low/high frequency ratio, either in the 4‐h (3.8 ± 2.6 vs 2.9 ± 1.7, P = 0.04, PEEP vs no PEEP, respectively) or in the 5‐min segments (2.6 ± 1.8 vs 1.45 ± 0.9 P = 0.01) was found during PEEP administration.ConclusionIn ALS patients, PEEP application during NIV was associated with worse NIV and sleep quality and with higher sympathetic activity.
How Do Exporters React to Changes in Cost Competitiveness?
Authors: Decramer Stefaan , Fuss Catherine , Konings Jozef 
Published: June 2016

AbstractVarious international institutions such as the European Commission, the ECB and the OECD often use unit labour costs as a measure of international competitiveness. The goal of this paper was to examine how well this measure is related to international export performance at the firm level. To this end, we use Belgian firm‐level data for the period 1999 to 2010 to analyse the impact of unit labour costs on exports. We find an estimated elasticity of the intensive margin of exports with respect to unit labour costs between −0.2 and −0.4. This elasticity varies between sectors and between firms, with more labour‐intensive firms having a higher elasticity. The microdata also enable us to analyse the impact of unit labour costs on the extensive margin. Our results show that higher unit labour costs reduce the probability of starting to export for non‐exporters and increase the probability of exporters stopping. While our results show that unit labour costs have an impact on the intensive margin and extensive margin of firm‐level exports, the effect is rather low, suggesting that pass‐through of costs into prices is limited. The latter is consistent with recent trade models emphasising that not only relative costs, but also demand factors such as quality and taste matter for explaining firm‐level exports.
Arteriolar oxygen reactivity: where is the sensor and what is the mechanism of action?
Authors: Jackson William F. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractArterioles in the peripheral microcirculation are exquisitely sensitive to changes in in their environment: increases in cause vasoconstriction while decreases in result in vasodilatation. However, the cell type that senses O2 (the O2 sensor) and the signalling pathway that couples changes in to changes in arteriolar tone (the mechanism of action) remain unclear. Many (but not all) ex vivo studies of isolated cannulated resistance arteries and large, first‐order arterioles support the hypothesis that these vessels are intrinsically sensitive to with the smooth muscle, endothelial cells, or red blood cells serving as the O2 sensor. However, in situ studies testing these hypotheses in downstream arterioles have failed to find evidence of intrinsic O2 sensitivity, and instead have supported the idea that extravascular cells sense O2. Similarly, ex vivo studies of isolated, cannulated resistance arteries and large first‐order arterioles support the hypotheses that O2‐dependent inhibition of production of vasodilator cyclooxygenase products or O2‐dependent destruction of nitric oxide mediates O2 reactivity of these upstream vessels. In contrast, most in vivo studies of downstream arterioles have disproved these hypotheses and instead have provided evidence supporting the idea that O2‐dependent production of vasoconstrictors mediates arteriolar O2 reactivity, with significant regional heterogeneity in the specific vasoconstrictor involved. Oxygen‐induced vasoconstriction may serve as a protective mechanism to reduce the oxidative burden to which a tissue is exposed, a process that is superimposed on top of the local mechanisms which regulate tissue blood flow to meet a tissue's metabolic demand.
image
Spoligotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Isolates by Use of Ligation-Based Amplification and Melting Curve Analysis
Authors: Zeng Xiaohong , Li Hui , Zheng Rongrong , Kurepina Natalia , Kreiswirth Barry N. , Zhao Xilin , Xu Ye , Li Qingge 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here a ligation-based spoligotyping that can identify unamplified spacers in membrane-based spoligotyping due to asymmetric insertion of IS
6110
in the direct repeat locus. Our typing yielded 84.4% (411/487) concordance with traditional typing and 100% (487/487) accuracy when confirmed by DNA sequencing.
Duplex Quantitative PCR Assay for Detection of Haemophilus influenzae That Distinguishes Fucose- and Protein D-Negative Strains
Authors: de Gier Camilla , Pickering Janessa L. , Richmond Peter C. , Thornton Ruth B. , Kirkham Lea-Ann S. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTWe have developed a specificHaemophilus influenzaequantitative PCR (qPCR) that also identifies fucose-negative and protein D-negative strains. Analysis of 100H. influenzaeisolates, 28Haemophilus haemolyticusisolates, and 14 other bacterial species revealed 100% sensitivity (95% confidence interval [CI], 96% to 100%) and 100% specificity (95% CI, 92% to 100%) for this assay. The evaluation of 80 clinical specimens demonstrated a strong correlation between semiquantitative culture and the qPCR (P< 0.001).
Protein-Protein Interactions Suggest Novel Activities of Human Cytomegalovirus Tegument Protein pUL103
Authors: Ortiz Daniel A. , Glassbrook James E. , Pellett Philip E. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus that causes severe disease in newborns and immunocompromised patients. During infection, the host cell endosecretory system is remodeled to form the cytoplasmic virion assembly complex (cVAC). We and others previously identified the conserved, multifunctional HCMV virion tegument protein pUL103 as important for cVAC biogenesis and efficient secondary envelopment. To help define its mechanisms of action and predict additional functions, we used two complementary methods, coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) and proximity biotinylation (BioID), to identify viral and cellular proteins that interact with pUL103. By using the two methods in parallel and applying stringent selection criteria, we identified potentially high-value interactions of pUL103 with 13 HCMV and 18 cellular proteins. Detection of the previously identified pUL103-pUL71 interaction, as well as verification of several interactions by reverse co-IP, supports the specificity of our screening process. As might be expected for a tegument protein, interactions were identified that suggest distinct roles for pUL103 across the arc of lytic infection, including interactions with proteins involved in cellular antiviral responses, nuclear activities, and biogenesis and transport of cytoplasmic vesicles. Further analysis of some of these interactions expands our understanding of the multifunctional repertoire of pUL103: we detected HCMV pUL103 in nuclei of infected cells and identified an ALIX-binding domain within the pUL103 sequence.

IMPORTANCE
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is able to reconfigure the host cell machinery to establish a virion production factory, the cytoplasmic virion assembly complex (cVAC). cVAC biogenesis and operation represent targets for development of novel HCMV antivirals. We previously showed that the HCMV tegument protein pUL103 is required for cVAC biogenesis. Using pUL103 as bait, we investigated viral and cellular protein-protein interactions to identify and understand the range of pUL103 functions. We found that pUL103 interacts with cellular antiviral defense systems and proteins involved in organelle biogenesis and transport of cytoplasmic vesicles and is present in infected cell nuclei. These results expand our understanding of the functional repertoire of pUL103 to include activities that extend from the earliest stages of infection through virion assembly and egress.
MicroRNA miR-155 Is Necessary for Efficient Gammaherpesvirus Reactivation from Latency, but Not for Establishment of Latency
Authors: Crepeau Rebecca L. , Zhang Peisheng , Usherwood Edward J. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) has been shown to play significant roles in the immune response, including in the formation of germinal centers (GC) and the development and maturation of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. There is
in vitro
evidence to support a critical role for cellular miR-155 and viral miR-155 homologs in the establishment of gammaherpesvirus latency in B cells. We sought to determine the contribution of miR-155 to the establishment and maintenance of latency
in vivo
using murine gammaherpesvirus (MHV-68) infection. MHV-68-infected mice deficient in miR-155 exhibited decreases in GC B cells and Tfh cells. However, the frequencies of spleen cells harboring latent MHV-68 genomes were the same in both miR-155-deficient and wild-type (WT) mice. Similar latent loads were also observed in mixed bone marrow chimeric mice, where B cell-extrinsic effects of miR-155 deficiency were normalized. Interestingly, we observed markedly lower efficiency of reactivation from latency in miR-155-deficient cells, indicating an important role for miR-155 in this process. These
in vivo
data complement previous
in vitro
studies and lead to the conclusion that miR-155 is not necessary for the establishment or maintenance of gammaherpesvirus latency but that it does affect reactivation efficiency.

IMPORTANCE
Gammaherpesvirus infection leads to severe disease in immunosuppressed populations. miR-155 has been shown to play important roles in many pathological processes, including tumorigenesis and diseases caused by an overly aggressive immune response. Our work provides valuable
in vivo
data showing that miR-155 is dispensable for gammaherpesvirus latency but that it is critical for reactivation from latency, which is a crucial step in the viral life cycle.