bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of renin-angiotensin system genetic polymorphisms and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Griessenauer Christoph J. , Tubbs R. Shane , Foreman Paul M. , Chua Michelle H. , Vyas Nilesh A. , Lipsky Robert H. , Lin Mingkuan , Iyer Ramaswamy , Haridas Rishikesh , Walters Beverly C. , Chaudry Salman , Malieva Aisana , Wilkins Samantha , Harrigan Mark R. , Fisher Winfield S. , Shoja Mohammadali M. 
Published: January 2017

OBJECTIVERenin-angiotensin system (RAS) genetic polymorphisms are thought to play a role in cerebral aneurysm formation and rupture. The Cerebral Aneurysm Renin-Angiotensin System (CARAS) study prospectively evaluated common RAS polymorphisms and their relation to aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).METHODSThe CARAS study prospectively enrolled aSAH patients and controls at 2 academic centers in the United States. A blood sample was obtained from all patients for genetic evaluation and measurement of plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) concentration. Common RAS polymorphisms were detected using 5′ exonuclease (TaqMan) genotyping assays and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.RESULTSTwo hundred forty-eight patients were screened, and 149 aSAH patients and 50 controls were available for analysis. There was a recessive effect of the C allele of the angiotensinogen (AGT) C/T single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (OR 1.94, 95% CI 0.912–4.12, p = 0.0853) and a dominant effect of the G allele of the angiotensin II receptor Type 2 (AT2) G/A SNP (OR 2.11, 95% CI 0.972–4.57, p = 0.0590) on aSAH that did not reach statistical significance after adjustment for potential confounders. The ACE level was significantly lower in aSAH patients with the II genotype (17.6 ± 8.0 U/L) as compared with the ID (22.5 ± 12.1 U/L) and DD genotypes (26.6 ± 14.2 U/L) (p = 0.0195).CONCLUSIONSThe AGT C/T and AT2 G/A polymorphisms were not significantly associated with aSAH after controlling for potential confounders. However, a strong trend was identified for a dominant effect of the G allele of the AT2 G/A SNP. Downregulation of the local RAS may contribute to the formation of cerebral aneurysms and subsequent presentation with aSAH. Further studies are required to elucidate the relevant pathophysiology and its potential implication in treatment of patients with aSAH.
Physical Therapy Versus a General Exercise Programme in Patients with Hoehn Yahr Stage II Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Dipasquale Savina , Meroni Roberto , Sasanelli Francesco , Messineo Ivan , Piscitelli Daniele , Perin Cecilia , Cornaggia Cesare Maria , Cerri Cesare G. 
Published: January 2017

Background and objective: Several studies suggest that general exercise (GE) and physical therapy programmes (PT) improve the outcomes of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients; however, the available data do not allow a determination of which treatment is more effective. Our study aims to compare the effects of physiotherapy and general exercise in Parkinson’s disease. Methods: Design and setting: Randomized controlled trial –general hospital outpatient clinic. The participants were patients with Hoehn Yahr stage II PD. Two randomized groups: one receiving PT and one receiving GE. The outcome measures were the FIM, Hamilton Rating Scale, TUG test, and UPDRS. Results: FIM median scores improved by 3 points in the PT group after treatment, and the improvements were maintained at follow-up. The GE FIM median scores were unchanged after treatment and were reduced by 1 point at follow-up ( p < 0.05). The TUG test time was reduced in the PT group but increased in the GE group with a 3-second difference between groups at follow-up, suggesting improved functional mobility after specific physiotherapy ( p < 0.05). The UPDRS median score change from baseline was significantly different between the two groups at the end of treatment (6.5 points) and at follow-up (11 points), with a benefit for the physiotherapy group. Conclusions: Physiotherapy seems to be more effective than a generic exercise programme in patients with Hoehn Yahr stage II PD.
Cerebellar Volume and Executive Function in Parkinson Disease with and without Freezing of Gait
Authors: Myers Peter S. , McNeely Marie E. , Koller Jonathan M. , Earhart Gammon M. , Campbell Meghan C. 
Published: January 2017

Background: Freezing of gait (FOG) affects approximately 50% of people with Parkinson Disease (PD), impacting quality of life and placing financial and emotional strain on the individual and caregivers. People with PD and FOG have similar deficits in motor adaptation and cognition as individuals with cerebellar lesions, indicating the cerebellum may play a role in FOG. Objective: To examine potential differences in cerebellar volumes and their relationships with cognition between PD with (FOG+) and without FOG (FOG-). Methods: Sixty-three participants were divided into two groups, FOG+ ( n = 25) and FOG- ( n = 38), based on the New Freezing of Gait Questionnaire. Cognitive assessment included Trail Making, Stroop, Verbal Fluency, and Go-NoGo executive function tasks. All participants completed structural T1- and T2-weighted MRI scans. Imaging data were processed with FreeSurfer and the Spatially Unbiased Infratentorial toolbox to segment the cerebellum into individual lobules. Results: FOG+ performed significantly worse on phonemic verbal fluency (F(1, 22)  =  7.06, p = 0.01) as well as the Go-NoGo task (F(1, 22)  =  9.00, p = 0.004). We found no differences in cerebellar volumes between groups (F(4, 55)  = 1.42, p = 0.24), but there were significant relationships between verbal fluency measures and lobule volumes in FOG-. Conclusions: These findings underscore the need for longitudinal studies to better characterize potential changes in cerebellar volume, cognitive function, and functional connectivity between people with PD with and without FOG.
THE VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION OF GALAXY CLUSTERS AS A COSMOLOGICAL PROBE
Authors: Ntampaka M. , Trac H. , Cisewski J. , Price L. C. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
We present a new approach for quantifying the abundance of galaxy clusters and constraining cosmological parameters using dynamical measurements. In the standard method, galaxy line-of-sight velocities, v, or velocity dispersions are used to infer cluster masses, M, to quantify the halo mass function (HMF),

, which is strongly affected by mass measurement errors. In our new method, the probability distributions of velocities for each cluster in the sample are summed to create a new statistic called the velocity distribution function (VDF),

. The VDF can be measured more directly and precisely than the HMF and can be robustly predicted with cosmological simulations that capture the dynamics of subhalos or galaxies. We apply these two methods to realistic (ideal) mock cluster catalogs with (without) interlopers and forecast the bias and constraints on the matter density parameter Ω
m
and the amplitude of matter fluctuations σ
8 in flat ΛCDM cosmologies. For an example observation of 200 massive clusters, the VDF with (without) interloping galaxies constrains the parameter combination

and shows only minor bias. However, the HMF with interlopers is biased to low Ω
m
and high σ
8 and the fiducial model lies well outside of the forecast constraints, prior to accounting for Eddington bias. When the VDF is combined with constraints from the cosmic microwave background, the degeneracy between cosmological parameters can be significantly reduced. Upcoming spectroscopic surveys that probe larger volumes and fainter magnitudes will provide clusters for applying the VDF as a cosmological probe.
A NEW GENERATION OF PARSEC-COLIBRI STELLAR ISOCHRONES INCLUDING THE TP-AGB PHASE
Authors: Marigo Paola , Girardi Léo , Bressan Alessandro , Rosenfield Philip , Aringer Bernhard , Chen Yang , Dussin Marco , Nanni Ambra , Pastorelli Giada , Rodrigues Thaíse S. , Trabucchi Michele , Bladh Sara , Dalcanton Julianne , Groenewegen Martin A. T. , Montalbán Josefina , Wood Peter R. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We introduce a new generation of PARSEC–COLIBRI stellar isochrones that includes a detailed treatment of the thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) phase, covering a wide range of initial metallicities (0.0001 < Z
i < 0.06). Compared to previous releases, the main novelties and improvements are use of new TP-AGB tracks and related atmosphere models and spectra for M and C-type stars; inclusion of the surface H+He+CNO abundances in the isochrone tables, accounting for the effects of diffusion, dredge-up episodes and hot-bottom burning; inclusion of complete thermal pulse cycles, with a complete description of the in-cycle changes in the stellar parameters; new pulsation models to describe the long-period variability in the fundamental and first-overtone modes; and new dust models that follow the growth of the grains during the AGB evolution, in combination with radiative transfer calculations for the reprocessing of the photospheric emission. Overall, these improvements are expected to lead to a more consistent and detailed description of properties of TP-AGB stars expected in resolved stellar populations, especially in regard to their mean photometric properties from optical to mid-infrared wavelengths. We illustrate the expected numbers of TP-AGB stars of different types in stellar populations covering a wide range of ages and initial metallicities, providing further details on the “C-star island” that appears at intermediate values of age and metallicity, and about the AGB-boosting effect that occurs at ages close to 1.6-Gyr for populations of all metallicities. The isochrones are available through a new dedicated web server.
STELLAR, GAS, AND DARK MATTER CONTENT OF BARRED GALAXIES
Authors: Cervantes Sodi Bernardo 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
We select a sample of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (SDSS-DR7) where galaxies are classified, through visual inspection, as hosting strong bars, weak bars, or as unbarred galaxies, and make use of H i mass and kinematic information from the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA survey catalog, to study the stellar, atomic gas, and dark matter content of barred disk galaxies. We find, in agreement with previous studies, that the bar fraction increases with increasing stellar mass. A similar trend is found with total baryonic mass, although the dependence is not as strong as with stellar mass, due to the contribution of gas. The bar fraction shows a decrease with increasing gas mass fraction. This anticorrelation between the likelihood of a galaxy hosting a bar with the gas richness of the galaxy results from the inhibiting effect the gas has in the formation of bars. We also find that for massive galaxies with stellar masses larger than 1010
M
⊙, at fixed stellar mass, the bar fraction decreases with increasing global halo mass (i.e., halo mass measured up to a radius of the order of the H i disk extent).
TIME EVOLUTION OF ELEMENTAL RATIOS IN SOLAR ENERGETIC PARTICLE EVENTS
Authors: Zelina P. , Dalla S. , Cohen C. M. S. , Mewaldt R. A. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Heavy ion ratio abundances in solar energetic particle (SEP) events, e.g., Fe/O, often exhibit decreases over time. Using particle instruments on the Advanced Composition Explorer, Solar and Heliospheric Observatory and Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory spacecraft, we analyzed heavy ion data from 4 SEP events taking place between 2006 December and 2014 December. We constructed 36 different ionic pairs and studied their time evolution in each event. We quantified the temporal behavior of abundant SEP ratios by fitting the data to derive a decay time constant B. We also considered the ratio of ionic mass-to-charge for each pair, the S value given, e.g., for Fe/O by

S

Fe

/

O

=

(
M

/

Q
)

Fe

/

(
M

/

Q
)

O

. We found that the temporal behavior of SEP ratios is ordered by the value of S: ratios with

S
>
1

showed decreases over time (i.e.,

B
<
0

) and those with

S
<
1

showed increases (

B
>
0

). We plotted B as a function of S and observed a clear monotonic dependence: ratios with a large S decayed at a higher rate. A prominent discontinuity at S = 2.0 (corresponding to He/H) was found in three of the four events, suggesting anomalous behavior of protons. The X/H ratios often show an initial increase followed by a decrease, and decay at a slower rate. We discuss possible causes of the observed B versus S trends within current understanding of SEP propagation.
IMPROVED Cr ii log(gf) VALUES AND ABUNDANCE DETERMINATIONS IN THE PHOTOSPHERES OF THE SUN AND METAL-POOR STAR HD 84937
Authors: Lawler J. E. , Sneden C. , Nave G. , Hartog E. A. Den , Emrahoğlu N. , Cowan J. J. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
New emission branching fraction (BF) measurements for 183 lines of the second spectrum of chromium (Cr ii) and new radiative lifetime measurements from laser-induced fluorescence for 8 levels of Cr+ are reported. The goals of this study are to improve transition probability measurements in Cr ii and reconcile solar and stellar Cr abundance values based on Cr i and Cr ii lines. Eighteen spectra from three Fourier Transform Spectrometers supplemented with ultraviolet spectra from a high-resolution echelle spectrometer are used in the BF measurements. Radiative lifetimes from this study and earlier publications are used to convert the BFs into absolute transition probabilities. These new laboratory data are applied to determine the Cr abundance log ε in the Sun and metal-poor star HD 84937. The mean result in the Sun is

= 5.624 ± 0.009 compared to

= 5.644 ± 0.006 on a scale with the hydrogen abundance log ε(H) = 12 and with the uncertainty representing only line-to-line scatter. A Saha (ionization balance) test on the photosphere of HD 84937 is also performed, yielding

= 3.417 ± 0.006 and 〈log ε(Cr i, lower level excitation potential E. P. > 0 eV)〉 = 3.374 ± 0.011 for this dwarf star. We find a correlation of Cr with the iron-peak element Ti, suggesting an associated nucleosynthetic production. Four iron-peak elements (Cr along with Ti, V, and Sc) appear to have a similar (or correlated) production history—other iron-peak elements appear not to be associated with Cr.
“Considerately woven out of our selves”: The Attractions of Speech in Thomas Killigrew’s Comedies
Authors: Motten J. P. Vander 
Published: January 2017

De son vivant déjà, on disait du dramaturge Thomas Killigrew (1612-83) qu’il possédait un art consommé de la conversation. Malgré le regain d’intérêt que suscitent ses œuvres et le fait que l’on reconnaisse à ses personnages une aptitude pour les joutes verbales, la critique moderne n’a accordé que peu d’attention aux manifestations du bel esprit dans ses pièces. Cet article se propose d’étudier la nature des dialogues comiques de The Parson’s Wedding et de Thomaso ; or the Wanderer, ainsi que les usages qu’en fait Killigrew, et plus particulièrement de mettre en évidence ce qu’ils doivent à l’exubérance langagière du dramaturge et aux ambitions « littéraires » qui caractérisent l’édition folio de ses pièces, parue en 1664.
Enhancing Human Capital Development and Service Delivery in Nigerian Tertiary Institutions through Effective Academic Staff
Authors: Igbokwe-Ibeto Chinyeaka , Chukwuemeka Emma , Okechukwu Elizabeth 
Published: January 2017

Within the framework of bureaucratic and human capital theories, an eclectic approach, the study examines the nexus between academic staff recruitment in Nigerian tertiary institutions and human capital development as well as service delivery with specific reference to universities. It is generally agreed that higher education is a sine-qua-non for human capital development and efficient service delivery. Higher education is a prerequisite for the production of highly competent experts, which in turn, contributes to the development of organizations and the economy at large. For these to be achieved, the right content and academic staff must be in place to perform this varied function. However, over the years the quality of human capital coming out of Nigerian universities and its impact on service delivery has become a source of concern to employers of labour and all stakeholders. Inferential opinions have traced the problem to the recruitment of incompetent academic staff. To investigate the issues raised, the study relied heavily on primary and secondary data and multi stage sampling was used to select the sample population. The data collected was presented in pie chart and simple percentage. Similarly, in order to test the hypotheses and establish the degree of dependence or independence of the variables under investigation, the chi-square statistical technique was used. The findings of the study revealed among others, that Nigerian universities do not employ merit, qualification and competency in the academic staff recruitment. It also established that there is a significant relationship between merit, qualification and competency based academic staff recruitment and human capital development and service delivery. To enhance human capital development and service delivery in Nigerian universities, the study recommends among others, that an independent body like the National University Commission (NUC) should be given the responsibility of academic staff recruitment and promotion for all universities in the country.
A Review of Anti-Corruption Wars in Nigeria
Authors: Nwaodu Nnamdi , Adam David , Okereke Okechukwu 
Published: January 2017

Corruption still subsists as one of the greatest challenges facing Nigeria. The existence of this phenomenon in virtually all aspects of the nation’s socio-economic life is said to be one reason why poverty level remains high irrespective of her position as the six highest suppliers of oil to the whole wide world, and a possessor of numerous other human and natural resources. A recent attempt by the Federal Government of Nigeria to curb this societal ill led to the establishment of Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), the Independent Corrupt Practices &amp; Related Offences Commission (ICPC) among others bodies. This paper historically explores the anti-corruption war in Nigeria and specifically zeros itself to review EFCC’s role in this war. The methodology adopted in this paper is the narrative-textual case study (NTCS), a research method that sources the required quantitative and qualitative secondary data on the phenomenon of study from secondary sources like the internet, World Wide Web, online databases, e-libraries et cetera. On the strength of the qualitative data sourced, it was discovered that the agency has made some successes but is being hindered by political, administrative and judicial bureaucracy from efficient performance. The paper therefore boldly recommends that transparency be enshrined into all aspect Nigerian political and administrative life and extant anti-graft laws be reviewed, harmonized and strengthened to enhance the effectiveness of fight against corruption and breach of corporate governance ethics by those holding political and non-political positions in Nigeria.
Politics-Administration Interface and Sustenance of Public Service Ethos in South-West Nigeria
Authors: Afegbua Salami Issa 
Published: January 2017

This work examined politics-administration interface and the sustenance of public service ethos in Southwest Nigeria. Public servants and political functionaries in Southwest Nigeria are constantly in a struggle to fix each other in their pre-conceived mould of mental judgment which invariably breeds mutual suspicion, apprehension and setting the stage for conflict which is likely to impact negatively on the performance of public servants in Southwest Nigeria. The article identified the factors influencing the interface of public servants and political office holders in Southwest Nigeria. It also determined the influence of the interface between on public service ethos and finally examined the efforts made towards sustaining public service ethos in Southwest Nigeria. In carrying out this work, primary and secondary data were used. In the case of primary data, survey was carried out and questionnaire was used to elicit information from respondents in the Southwest geo-political zone of the country. Purposive random sampling techniques were adopted to determine the target respondents. The study has a sample of five hundred and thirty-five (535), which constitute 50 percent of the total population figure of 1070. The findings revealed amongst others, that the synergy between political functionaries and public office holders is often characterized by both conflict and cooperation. In addition, there are certain factors influencing the interface of public servants and political office holders in Southwest Nigeria, these factors include: contract awards, consideration in the appointment of top civil servants etc. The study therefore, recommends the need for Southwest Nigeria to strengthen politics-administration interface in such a way that the public services in that region will be more productive. There is also the need for government in the Southwest to clarify the respective roles of political office holders and public servants. The principles and ethos governing the roles and responsibilities of political office holders and public servants should be clearly spelt out. The study concludes that despite the commendable efforts made by public service in Southwest Nigeria, lack of strict adherence to ethical values has made it difficult for such interface to enhance compliance with standard ethical practic The article therefore recommends, amongst others, the need to strengthen politics-administration relations in Southwest Nigeria. Moreover, government in the Southwest geo-political zone of Nigeria should organize retreats on a regular basis for both political functionaries’ and public officials on the need to uphold the ethics and principles of the service as well as adhere to their respective codes of conduct for public officers.
The Staging of Menopause
Authors: Anklesaria Behram S 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Staging of menopause not published and needed to be defined for long-term consequences and their management. This staging based on duration, event and action seems to be relevant. Each stage duration is highly variable, but a rough 5 years per stage calculation is clinically useful. Our ‘staging of menopause’ has now become the best method to understand the symptomatology, the complications and the management of a woman's best years—the menopause!

How to cite this article
Anklesaria BS. The Staging of Menopause. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2013;1(1): 1-3
Awareness of Menopausal Symptoms among Young Pakistani Women of Different Educational Backgrounds
Authors: Mujahid Saadia , Siddiqui Afzal Ahmad , Hussain Rubina 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Menopause has significant effects on a woman's quality of life. It is important that women realise these changes and are better equipped to look after their needs in this age group, to be able to postpone or prevent those risks. Educating them regarding these symptoms would definitely equip them better to avoid and reduce many adverse emotional and psychological symptoms of menopause.

How to cite this article
Mujahid S, Siddiqui AA, Hussain R. Awareness of Menopausal Symptoms among Young Pakistani Women of Different Educational Backgrounds. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2013;1(1):18-20.