bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency‐reconfigurable circularly polarized antenna for UHF RFID reader
Authors: Cao Rong , Kai Wang Chun 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTA frequency‐reconfigurable circularly polarized (CP) monopole antenna is proposed for ultrahigh frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) reader applications. This reader antenna can operate in both North America and Europe regions because of the frequency‐reconfigurable characteristic. Two L shaped strips are the major radiating elements which can produce CP radiation. Two short rectangular patches are connected to the L shaped strips via two pin diodes. By switching the pin diodes on and off, the antenna can produce CP at the two desired frequency bands. The measured 3‐dB axial ratio bands of this antenna are 864–887 and 899–913 MHz at the two different states, respectively, and both bands are included in the 10‐dB return loss bands. This antenna can be used for UHF RFID reader in both North America and Europe. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2842–2845, 2016
Inkjet printed transparent and bendable patch antenna based on polydimethylsiloxane and indium tin oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Khan Muhammad Arshad Hassan , Ali Shawkat , Bae Jinho , Lee Chong Hyun 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTWe propose a transparent and bendable inset microstrip patch antenna for 2.4 GHz wearable electronics applications. The proposed antenna is designed in high frequency structure simulator and realized by depositing indium tin oxide nanoparticles as a radiating patch and a ground on the polydimethylsiloxane substrate through Fujifilm Dimatix DMP‐3000 inkjet material printer at ambient conditions. On a flat position, the theoretical gain of the proposed antenna is 5.75 dBi, and its practical reflection coefficient (S11) is −25.9 dB. Under bending down to a diameter of 10 cm, the reflection coefficient is decreased up to 28.5%. It achieves the transparency of 91.5, 88, and 80% at thickness 1, 1.5, and 2 mm, respectively, and its restoration time is not more than 210 ms. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2884–2887, 2016
Fabrication and characterisation of polysiloxane optical fiber microloop interferometers
Authors: Martincek I. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTWe fabricated micrometer‐order diameter polysiloxane optical fibers by drawing process of partially cured siloxane. Using a few mm long polysiloxane fibers integrated on the polydimethylsiloxane substrate or in telecommunications optical fibers, we studied the influence of looping on the transmission characteristics of a polysiloxane optical fibers. We have demonstrated an optical interferometers built of a coiled self‐touching polysiloxane fibers with a diameter of up to 25 microns. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2876–2879, 2016
Outcomes of children with rhabdomyosarcoma treated with intensive chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy through a period of protocol revision at a South African center, 1990–2010
Authors: Hendricks Marc , Parkes Jeanette , Pillay Komala , Millar Alastair , van Eyssen Ann , Numanoglu Alp , Davidson Alan 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA total of 75 children with biopsy‐proven rhabdomyosarcoma were treated at our institution between 1990 and 2010. Five‐year overall survival (OS) for the entire cohort was 58.7%. OS by stage was as follows: Stage 1 (80%), Stage 2 (80%), Stage 3 (54.1%), and Stage 4 (38.5%). There was a trend to suggest that revision of treatment approaches improved crude survival over time: pre‐2003 (OS 42.1%); 2003–2005 (OS 50.0%); 2005–2010 (OS 60.8%).
Determining the geographical origin of Asian longhorn beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis) specimens using stable isotope and trace element analyses
Authors: Heinrich Katharina , Collins Larissa 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDAn outbreak of EU‐quarantine‐listed pest Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambicidae), the Asian longhorn beetle, in Kent (UK) resulted in environmentally and financially costly eradication action being taken. In this study the potential of using multi‐element stable isotope or trace element analyses to determine the geographical origin of individual specimens has been investigated.RESULTSThe isotope ratios of A. glabripennis individuals for hydrogen varied within and across five locations. Carbon isotope ratios fell within the expected values for C3 plants (trees using the photosynthetic pathway common for moderate climates). Nitrogen isotope ratios indicated separation of UK laboratory from US (New York, Ohio, Massachusetts) beetles, while sulphur isotope ratios distinguished beetles from New York against the other four locations. Three trace elements (TEs) separated UK laboratory‐reared beetles from US beetles (Ohio and New York) with ∼ 68% confidence.CONCLUSIONSStable isotope and TE analyses show potential to differentiate between newly arrived A. glabripennis individuals and those from previously undetected in‐country populations, which would be of immediate practical benefit in making appropriate strategic decisions on surveillance and eradication. Analyses of additional samples from (i) the same populations, (ii) different locations and (iii) a variety of host trees will enhance the overall picture. © 2016 Crown copyright. Pest Management Science © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Molecular characterisation of two α‐esterase genes involving chlorpyrifos detoxification in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella
Authors: Xie Miao , Ren Na‐Na , You Yan‐Chun , Chen Wei‐Jun , Song Qi‐Sheng , You Min‐Sheng 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDCarboxylesterases (CarEs) are involved in metabolic detoxification of dietary and environmental xenobiotics in insects. However, owing to the complexity of the protein family, the involvement of CarEs in insecticide metabolism in Plutella xylostella has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to characterise two CarE genes and assess their potential roles in response to chlorpyrifos in P. xylostella.RESULTSSynergistic tests showed that triphenyl phosphate decreased the resistance of the third‐instar larvae to chlorpyrifos. The treatment of the third‐instar larvae with chlorpyrifos at the LC30 dose led to a significant increase in CarE activity. Two CarE cDNAs (Pxae18 and Pxae28) were subsequently sequenced and characterised. Both genes were expressed predominantly in the larval midgut. Most importantly, two CarE genes showed significantly higher expression in the chlorpyrifos‐resistant strain than in the susceptible strain. RNAi knockdown of Pxae18 and Pxae28 significantly increased the mortality to chlorpyrifos from 40% in the control to 73.8 and 63.3% respectively.CONCLUSIONRNAi knockdown of Pxae18 and Pxae28 significantly inhibited detoxification ability and increased the mortality in P. xylostella. The results indicate that these two CarE genes play important roles in the detoxification of chlorpyrifos in P. xylostella. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Biological control potential of entomopathogenic nematodes for management of Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa Loew (Tephritidae)
Authors: Heve William K , El‐Borai Fahiem E , Carrillo Daniel , Duncan Larry W 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDCaribbean fruit fly (Caribfly) is a serious economic insect pest because of development of larvae that hatch from eggs oviposited into fruits by female adults. This study assessed the virulence of twelve entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) isolates to Caribfly in laboratory bioassays as a starting point toward evaluation of management strategies for the fruit‐to‐soil‐dwelling stages of A. suspensa in fields infested by Caribfly.RESULTSInoculation of A. suspensa with 1 mL of ca 200 IJs larva−1 killed Caribfly at either larval or pupal stage. Pupae were more resistant to EPN infections than larvae. Adult emergence from inoculated pupae in soil microcosms was significantly lower than that observed in filter paper assays. Longest or largest steinernematids suppressed emergence of more adult Caribfly from pupae in soils, whereas shorter heterorhabditids were more infectious to Caribfly larvae. The highest mortalities of A. suspensa were caused by exotic nematodes Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, followed by the native Heterorhabditis indica and the exotic Steinernema carpocapsae.CONCLUSIONEntomopathogenic nematodes reduced the development of Caribfly larvae and pupae to adult in our bioassays, suggesting that EPNs have potential for biological control of A. suspensa. Future work will assess management strategies, using the virulent EPNs, in orchards infested by A. suspensa. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Thermally exfoliated fluorinated graphite for NO2 gas sensing
Authors: Sysoev V. I. , Bulusheva L. G. , Asanov I. P. , Shubin Yu. V. , Okotrub A. V. 
Published: September 2016

Few‐layer graphene samples have been obtained by a thermal expansion of bromine‐intercalated fluorinated graphite with a ∼C2F matrix composition at 600, 700, and 800 °C. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy detected that the products contained almost the same quantities of foreign atoms independently on the exfoliation temperature. However, the Raman spectra showed a progressive increase in the relative intensity of the D mode with the temperature growth. This was attributed to more edge states developed in graphene planes at the higher temperature. Thin films from obtained samples were tested as sensors using 1000 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in argon. The film from few‐layer graphene produced at 800 °C had the largest relative response, while its recovery was quite low at room temperature. The sensor performances were related with the structural characteristics of the exfoliated graphenes.Left: Relative response of gas sensors based on few‐layer graphene products of an expansion of fluorinated graphite at 600, 700, and 800 °C toward 1000 ppm NO2. Right: Proposed structures of the products.
Design, Synthesis and Structure‐Activity Relationship Study of Coumarin Benzimidazole Hybrid as Potent Antibacterial and Anticancer Agents
Authors: Holiyachi Megharaja , Shastri Samundeeswari L. , Chougala Bahubali M. , Shastri Lokesh A. , Joshi Shrinivas D. , Dixit Sheshagiri R. , Nagarajaiah Honnappa , Sunagar Vinay A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractNew coumarin‐benzimidazole hybrids (3a–f) have been synthesized from 4‐formylcoumarins and a series of N‐sulphonation (4 a‐f) and N‐methylation (5 a‐f) compounds were obtained from compounds (3a–f). All the synthesized compounds have exhibited good antimicrobial activity. Docking studies provide valuable insights to potential binding modes of inhibitors. Anti cancer activity of compound 4 a and 4 c have shown excellent activity against HeLa cell line. Whereas compound 4 a and 4 d exhibited higher activity against HT 29 cell lines. We calculated the LC50, TGI and GI50 which show < 10 mg/mL. The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, NMR, Mass spectral analysis and few of them by single X‐ray crystallography analysis.
The influence of competition from informal firms on new product development
Authors: McCann Brian T. , Bahl Mona 
Published: September 2016

Research summary: Existing research describes a broad range of determinants of new product development (NPD), a fundamental competitive activity of firms. A considerable share of this work has occurred in the context of developed economies, raising a concern that some important determinants may remain unexamined. We suggest that one such determinant is competition from informal (unregistered) firms. Drawing from the attention‐based view, we investigate the effects of informal competition on NPD in a large sample of firms located across Eastern Europe and Central Asia. We examine not only the direct effect but also how this effect is moderated by characteristics of the competitive and institutional context.Managerial summary: The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between competition from informal (unregistered) firms and new product development (NPD) by formal firms. We argue that NPD is an effective response to differentiate from informal firms, and our analyses of over 9,000 firms located in emerging economies across Eastern Europe and Central Asia indicate that NPD activities are more likely in formal firms who rate informal competition as a greater obstacle. The strength of this direct relationship depends on aspects of the competitive and institutional environment: it is weakened when levels of competition from other formal firms are higher, when alternative responses such as corruption are more available, and when managers are more optimistic about the regulatory environment. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genetic switches and related tools for controlling gene expression and electrical outputs of Geobacter sulfurreducens
Authors: Ueki Toshiyuki , Nevin Kelly P , Woodard Trevor L , Lovley Derek R 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Physiological studies and biotechnology applications of Geobacter species have been limited by a lack of genetic tools. Therefore, potential additional molecular strategies for controlling metabolism were explored. When the gene for citrate synthase, or acetyl-CoA transferase, was placed under the control of a LacI/IPTG regulator/inducer system, cells grew on acetate only in the presence of IPTG. The TetR/AT system could also be used to control citrate synthase gene expression and acetate metabolism. A strain that required IPTG for growth on d-lactate was constructed by placing the gene for d-lactate dehydrogenase under the control of the LacI/IPTG system. d-Lactate served as an inducer in a strain in which a d-lactate responsive promoter and transcription repressor were used to control citrate synthase expression. Iron- and potassium-responsive systems were successfully incorporated to regulate citrate synthase expression and growth on acetate. Linking the appropriate degradation tags on the citrate synthase protein made it possible to control acetate metabolism with either the endogenous ClpXP or exogenous Lon protease and tag system. The ability to control current output from Geobacter biofilms and the construction of an AND logic gate for acetate metabolism suggested that the tools developed may be applicable for biosensor and biocomputing applications.
Enhanced separation and analysis procedure reveals production of tri-acylated mannosylerythritol lipids by Pseudozyma aphidis
Authors: Goossens Eliane , Wijnants Marc , Packet Dirk , Lemière Filip 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs) are one of the most promising biosurfactants because of their high fermentation yields (&gt;100 g l−1) and during the last two decades they have gained a lot of attention due to their interesting self-assembling properties and biological activities. In this study, MELs were produced by fed-batch bioreactor fermentation of rapeseed oil with Pseudozyma aphidis MUCL 27852. This high-level MEL-producing yeast secretes four conventional MEL structures, -A, -B, -C and -D, which differ in their degree of acetylation. During our research, unknown compounds synthesized by P. aphidis were detected by thin-layer chromatography. The unknown compounds were separated by flash chromatography and identified as tri-acylated MELs by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). The third fatty acid chain on the tri-acylated MELs was positioned on the primary alcohol of the erythritol moiety and comprised long-chain acids, mainly oleic and linoleic acid, which are not found in conventional di-acylated MELs. Furthermore, the LC–MS analysis time of conventional MELs was reduced to almost one-third by switching from HPLC–MS/MS to ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS). Provided optimization of the fermentation yield, P. aphidis could be an interesting novel producer of tri-acylated MELs and, thereby expand the supply and applicability of biosurfactants.
Frugivore assemblage of Ficus superba in a warm‐temperate forest in Yakushima, Japan
Authors: Hamada Asuka , Hanya Goro 
Published: September 2016

AbstractUnderstanding fig consumption patterns is important because figs are regarded as a keystone resource for many frugivorous species in the tropics. While much work on fig consumption has been conducted in tropical regions, temperate forests are particularly interesting for study owing to pronounced seasonal variations in temperature and community‐level fruiting phenology. We studied frugivore consumption of Ficus superba (Miq.) Miq. var. japonica Miq syconia in a warm‐temperate forest in Yakushima, southern Japan. We conducted 141 4‐h focal observations of fruiting F. superba trees over 12 months. We aimed to assess the relative quantitative contribution of each species of frugivore to F. superba consumption over a year as well as factors affecting seasonal variation in consumption. Japanese macaques were by far the most important F. superba syconia consumer (87.6 %), followed by brown‐eared bulbuls (5.0 %), and varied tits (4.2 %). Japanese macaques increased their F. superba consumption when the temperature was high and fruit availability (F. superba and other species) was low. Macaques seemed to avoid searching for rare F. superba trees during winter and used F. superba syconia as a fallback food during fruit scarcity. Birds showed the opposite pattern: they increased F. superba syconia consumption when the temperature was low and fruit availability was high. This was probably because birds eat insects as their main food in the summer and switch to fruit as autumn turns to winter.
Emotional and behavioral difficulties in children growing up homeless in Paris. Results of the ENFAMS survey
Authors: Roze M. , Vandentorren S. , Vuillermoz C. , Chauvin P. , Melchior M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPurposeChildren growing up in homeless families are disproportionately more likely to experience health and psychological problems. Our objective was to describe social, environmental, individual and family characteristics associated with emotional and behavioral difficulties among homeless children living in the Paris region.MethodsFace-to-face interviews with a representative sample of homeless families were conducted by bilingual psychologists and interviewers between January and May 2013 (n = 343 children ages 4-13 years). Mothers reported children’s emotional and behavioral difficulties (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire [SDQ]), family socio-demographic characteristics, residential mobility, and parents’ and children’s physical and mental health. Children were interviewed regarding their perception of their living arrangements, friendships and school experiences. We studied children’s SDQ total score in a linear regression framework.ResultsHomeless children had higher SDQ total scores than children in the general population of France, (mean total score = 11.3 vs 8.9, P < 0,001). In multivariate analyses, children’s difficulties were associated with parents’ region of birth (beta = 1.74 for Sub-Saharan Africa, beta = 0.60 for Eastern Europe, beta = 3.22 for other countries, P = 0.020), residential mobility (beta = 0.22, P = 0.012), children’s health (beta = 3.49, P < 0.001) and overweight (beta = 2.14, P = 0.007), the child’s sleeping habits (beta = 2.82, P = 0.002), the mother’s suicide risk (beta = 4.13, P < 0.001), the child’s dislike of the family’s accommodation (beta = 3.59, P < 0.001) and the child’s experience of bullying (beta = 3.21, P = 0.002).ConclusionsChildren growing up homeless experience high levels of psychological difficulties which can put them at risk for poor mental health and educational outcomes long-term. Access to appropriate screening and medical care for this vulnerable yet underserved group are greatly needed.
Suboptimal maternal diets alter mu opioid receptor and dopamine type 1 receptor binding but exert no effect on dopamine transporters in the offspring brain
Authors: Thanos Panayotis K. , Zhuo Jianmin , Robison Lisa , Kim Ronald , Ananth Mala , Choai Ilon , Grunseich Adam , Grissom Nicola M. , George Robert , Delis Foteini , Reyes Teresa M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBirthweight is a marker for suboptimal fetal growth and development in utero. Offspring can be born large for gestational age (LGA), which is linked to maternal obesity or excessive gestational weight gain, as well as small for gestational age (SGA), arising from nutrient or calorie deficiency, placental dysfunction, or other maternal conditions (hypertension, infection). In humans, LGA and SGA babies are at an increased risk for certain neurodevelopmental disorders, including Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, schizophrenia, and social and mood disorders. Using mouse models of LGA (maternal high fat (HF) diet) and SGA (maternal low protein (LP) diet) offspring, our lab has previously shown that these offspring display alterations in the expression of mesocorticolimbic genes that regulate dopamine and opioid function, thus indicating that these brain regions and neurotransmitter systems are vulnerable to gestational insults. Interestingly, these two maternal diets affected dopamine and opioid systems in somewhat opposing directions (e.g., LP offspring are generally hyperdopaminergic with reduced opioid expression, and the reverse is found for the HF offspring). These data largely involved evaluation at the transcriptional level, so the present experiment was designed to extend these analyses through an assessment of receptor binding. In this study, control, SGA and LGA offspring were generated from dams fed control, low protein or high fat diet, respectively, throughout pregnancy and lactation. At weaning, mice were placed on the control diet and sacrificed at 12 weeks of age. In vitro autoradiography was used to measure mu‐opioid receptor (MOR), dopamine type 1 receptor (D1R), and dopamine transporter (DAT) binding level in mesolimbic brain regions. Results showed that the LP offspring (males and females) had significantly higher MOR and D1R binding than the control animals in the regions associated with reward. In HF offspring there were no differences in MOR binding, and limited increases in D1R binding, seen only in females in the nucleus accumbens core and the dorsomedial caudate/putamen. DAT binding revealed no differences in either models. In conclusion, LP but not HF offspring show significantly elevated MOR and D1R binding in the brain thus affecting DA and opioid signaling. These findings advance the current understanding of how suboptimal gestational diets can adversely impact neurodevelopment and increase the risk for disorders such as ADHD, obesity and addiction.