bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Imaging of Regional Cerebral Protein Synthesis in Clinical Alzheimer's Disease by [11C]Leucine PET
Authors: Herholz Karl , McMahon Adam , Thompson Jennifer C. , Jones Matthew , Boutin Herve , Gregory Jamil , Parker Christine A. , Hinz Rainer 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Protein synthesis is essential to maintain integrity and function of the human brain, and protein synthesis is associated specifically with the formation of long-term memory. Experimental and clinical observations indicate that this process is disturbed in Alzheimer’s dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases. In-vivo investigation with positron emission tomography (PET) using [11C]leucine provides a unique possibility to measure regional cerebral protein synthesis (rCPS) rates in human brain and to determine whether it is altered in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and thus may provide a target for future therapeutic interventions.
Procedures
In this first human study, we measured rCPS by [11C]leucine PET in four patients with AD (age 57-73 years) and compared the results with six healthy controls (three of whom were age matched and the other three were young controls). Quantification of rCPS also required measurement of amino acid (AA) levels and of free and protein-bound [11C]leucine in plasma during the 90 min PET scans conducted following at least six hours of fasting.
Results
Rates of rCPS measured in absolute units of nmol/g/min ranged between 1.81 and 2.53 in AD patients, 2.10 and 2.54 in matched controls, and 2.21 to 2.35 in the young controls. Mean and median values did not show significant differences between the groups. Rates of rCPS also depended upon whether corrections for plasma AA levels were included in the calculations.
When considering regional values relative to the corpus callosum as a reference region, there was a tendency towards impairment of rCPS in patients, which was most prominent in the parietal cortex, but did not reach significance. Similar findings were observed with normalisation of the rCPS to global cortical mean.
Conclusions
In summary, this first human study assessing regional protein synthesis with [11C]leucine in AD has demonstrated where the sources of variance in measurements of cerebral protein synthesis may arise, along with the potential magnitude of this variance. This study also indicates that there is a tendency towards impairment of rCPS in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, which requires further investigation.
Using the method of correcting coefficients to detect the presence and location of defect in a ribbed structure by piezoelectric parts
Authors: Gandomkar Mohammad , Farahi Saied , Dadkhah Mahdi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The purpose of this research is the detect of presence and location of defects in a reinforced plate, using piezoelectric patches, for structural health monitoring. In this study, an array of piezoelectric parts is used, each of these parts produces ultrasonic guided waves in structure, called actuator and other parts receive the waves, called sensors. The amount of energy received from piezoelectric pieces will be different after passing the distance between actuators and sensors in healthy and damaged paths. This difference is used to detect the presence and location of the defects. To check the state of defect, the visualization of the damage probability function is used and the damage index is calculated based on continuous wavelet transformation. The presence of rib in the structure causes the amount of energy received to be different compared to the path without ribs. Therefore, reinforcements are recognized as defects in the visualization of probability function. In this research, the amount of energy received from piezoelectric sensors is equated with the amount of energy of an unribbed structure, using correction coefficients, so that only real defects of the structure can be recognized as damages. In this research, the selected structure is a ribbed aluminum plate, which is widely used in the aviation industries. The defect placed in the structure is considered as a gap in different locations, and the obtained results show that the method of correcting the coefficients improves the accuracy of identifying the defect presence and location.
Can digitalization and greenification develop synergistically?
Authors: Yang Yuetao , Lu You , Zhang Yan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The Yangtze River Delta is the region with the most active economic development, the highest degree of openness and the strongest innovation capacity in China. Under the background of the rapid development of digitalization and information technology on a global scale, as well as the increasingly strong global call for addressing climate change and environmental issues, the Yangtze River Delta region is facing new opportunities for the coordinated development of digitalization and green. Therefore, this paper constructs a multidimensional index system to evaluate the digitalization and green level of 41 urban agglomerations including the Yangtze River Delta, and analyzes the digitalization and green coordination progress of the Yangtze River Delta from 2011 to 2020 by means of the entropy weight TOPSIS method and the modified coupling coordination degree model. The findings are as follows: (1) There is positive interaction and mutual promotion between digitization and greening in the Yangtze River Delta, which is conducive to promoting sustainable development. (2) The digitization level of the Yangtze River Delta has been significantly improved during the sample period, and the level of green and digital green collaborative development also maintains a steady upward trend. Compared with the other three provinces, the level of digitalization, green and digital green collaborative development of Shanghai is significantly higher. The research of this paper can provide certain theoretical and practical reference for the Yangtze River Delta to realize the digital green collaborative development under the goal of "double carbon".
Correlation of Urinary Glyphosate Levels with Whole Blood Selenium Levels among a Representative Sample of US Adults: NHANES 2013-2018
Authors: Chu Pei-Lun , Hsiao Ching Chung , Wang ChiKang , Lin Chien-Yu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH), extensively utilized as herbicides worldwide, have been associated with numerous health issues. Previous experimental studies have indicated their potential to disrupt selenium homeostasis by either interfering with uptake or increasing oxidative stress. However, there is a significant research gap concerning the connection between glyphosate exposure and selenium status in epidemiological studies, particularly within nationally representative samples.
Methods: In this study, we examined data from the 2013-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), involving 3011 participants aged 3 and above. Our main objective was to examine the connection between urinary glyphosate levels, whole blood selenium, and selenium intake.
Results: Our analysis did not uncover an association between urinary glyphosate and selenium intake. Nevertheless, we observed a negative correlation between urinary glyphosate levels and whole blood selenium, with a ß coefficient of -1.984, S.E. = 0.639, and P = 0.003 in the final model. We also reported a notable decrease in the average concentrations of whole blood selenium as glyphosate tertiles increased, with P-values for trend of 0.033. Furthermore, the association was particularly prominent among females, non-Hispanic whites, and individuals with lower selenium intake.
Conclusions: In this thorough examination of NHANES data, our study uncovers a possible detrimental connection between glyphosate exposure and whole blood selenium levels. These findings underscore the importance of further investigation into the health consequences of glyphosate exposure and its potential influence on selenium status, thereby raising awareness of potential implications for public health.
Predictive value of urine misfolded protein in preeclampsia in twin pregnancies
Authors: Liang Qiufeng , Sun Luming 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
To assess the utility of urinary misfolded proteins (MP) in predicting pre-eclampsia (PE) in high-risk twin pregnancies.
Methods
A prospective study was conducted on 600 high-risk twin pregnancies at Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital from March to August 2021. Clinical data were collected, and urinary MP levels were measured. Subsequently, fetal outcomes were monitored. The patients were categorized into three groups based on the presence of PE: unaffected PE group, early-onset PE (ePE) group (gestational age < 34 weeks), and late-onset PE (lPE) group (gestational age ≥ 34 weeks). The predictive value of MP in PE was evaluated using analysis of variance, chi-square test, and ROC curve analysis.
Results
A total of 464 twin pregnancies were included in the study, among which 66 cases (14.2%) developed PE, including 19 cases of ePE (4.1%) and 47 cases (10.1%) of lPE. Significant differences were found in maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, BMI ≥ 28km/m2, mean systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, Mean arterial pressure (MAP), MAP ≥ 85 mmHg, history of PE, history of chronic hypertension, and positive urine protein. The maternal and fetal complications of twin pregnancies with PE were higher than those without PE (P < 0.05). When maternal factors (MF), MAP, and MP were used to predict ePE and lPE alone, the area under the ROC curve of MF was the largest, at 0.739 (95%CI: 0.619–0.860) and 0.692 (95%CI: 0.603–0.782), respectively. The area under the ROC curve of the combination of the three factors was 0.770 (95%CI: 0.703–0.837), higher than that of a single index.In addition, MP predicted the positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of PE from 12 to 15+ 6 gestational weeks as 57.9% and 89.2%, respectively; from 16 to 27+ 6 gestational weeks as 36.2% and 89.9%, respectively; and during the 12–27+ 6 gestational weeks as 42.4% and 92.2%, respectively.
Conclusion
The detection of MP in the urine of twin pregnancies is a non-invasive and convenient method for predicting PE. If the test result is positive, enhanced monitoring and timely transfer to a superior hospital are necessary; If the test result is negative, it indicates a low risk of developing PE, reducing the need for excessive clinical examination and intervention.
Successful treatment with PR-mini-CHP for elderly relapsed and refractory mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Oka Satoko , Akagi Yuina , Ono Kazuo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) often shows repeated remission, relapse, and resistance to therapy, and the current standard treatment for aggressive MCL, particularly in elderly patients remains inadequate. Ibrutinib has achieved good response rates; however, primary and secondary resistance has been reported with poor clinical outcomes. Furthermore, a high-risk subset characterized by TP53 aberrations, high Ki67% levels, a blastoid histology, and complex karyotype obtained limited benefits. Polatuzumab vedotin (Pola) has potential for the treatment of relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell lymphoma. We herein showed that Pola-R-mini-CHP was an effective and safe therapy for elderly R/R MCL patients with high-risk markers.
Assessing the causal relationship between immune cell and Parkinson's disease by bi-directional Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Han Qiang , Luo Xia , Zhang Shaotao , Zhou Zhou , Wang Longbing , Li Jinglun , Zhang Bo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Previous research has highlighted the significant role of immune cell features in the development and progression of Parkinson's disease (PD), though a direct causal relationship has yet to be established. In our study, we utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) data involving 731 immune cell traits as exposure factors and GWAS data on PD as outcomes to conduct a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, primarily using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. Our findings revealed that specific traits in classical dendritic cells (cDC), such as Myeloid dendritic cells (MDC) %DC, CD62L- DC %DC, and CD86 + MDC %DC, are positively associated with increased PD susceptibility. Similarly, B cell AC in the TBNK panel and HVEM on CD45RA- CD4 + in the Maturation stages of T cell panel also showed a heightened probability of PD. Conversely, CD45 on HLA DR + CD8br indicated a potential decrease in PD risk. This study establishes a causal link between certain circulating immune cell traits and PD, providing a foundation for further research into the immunological mechanisms of PD and potential immune therapies.
Rapid expansion of Spanish sparrow Passer hispanoliensis north of the Ebro River
Authors: Villanúa Diego , Sola Jon , Lekuona Jesús Mari , Lizarraga Alberto , Ardaiz José , Albero Juan Carlos 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

We compile the information available for Spanish Sparrow (Passer hispaniolensis) in the provinces of Navarra and Huesca (northern Spain) until 2022 and add the results of specific censuses carried out in the spring of 2023. It is confirmed that the presence of this species in the area was practically anecdotal, with only 5 records in the last 20 years, and that in 2023 there was a sudden expansion towards the north, with more than 120 records recorded in the area, nesting proven in 17 points and detection of a communal roost far from all of them and probably linked to another colony of unknown location. 82.35% of the colonies were located a few meters from a raptor (Milvus milvus, M. migrans, Aquila chrysaetos and Accipiter gentilis)(11 colonies) or White Stork (Ciconia ciconia)(3 colonies) nest and in all cases there was also House Sparrows (Passer domesticus). The average size of each colony was 3.24 pairs (min-max 1–14) and the nests were at an average height of 11.18 m (min-max 6–18 m) and always in a trees (Pinus halepensis, Populus sp. and Sequoia sempervirens). The role of this species as indicator of climate change is discussed.
Net Surface Energy Flux over the Globe and Asian Monsoon Region from CMIP6 High-Resolution Models
Authors: Liao Xiaoqing , Li Jiandong , Liu Chunlei , Allan Richard P. , Liu Yimin , Cao Ning 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The net surface energy flux (Fs) is critical to the Earth’s energy budget and surface processes, but its simulation remains uncertain in global and regional scales. This study investigates simulated Fs biases and sources globally and in the Asian monsoon region (AMR) using CMIP6 HighResMIP atmospheric models. Globally, the multi-model mean can reproduce the observed global multiannual mean Fs. The majority of models overestimate the annual mean Fs, net surface shortwave radiation (SWs) and longwave radiation (LWs) but underestimate the turbulent heat flux (THF). In AMR, the Fs is predominantly upward during winter and downward during summer owing to the seasonal variation in SWs and THF. 95% of the winter Fs bias over AMR comes from THF primarily due to the latent heat flux bias. SWs and THF contribute 40%~90% and 70%~90% to summer Fs bias, respectively. The systematic biases of SWs and LWs can be attributed to biases in circulation patterns and cloud cover, while biases in THF are primarily influenced by the near-surface processes. The high-resolution models perform well in Fs, THF, and low-level circulation, particularly in DJF. The winter multi-model mean error is reduced by 21.5%~63.6% in Fs and 25.5%~76.7% in THF across three subregions of AMR. Seven out of nine high-resolution models show higher skill scores of winter Fs and THF than their low-resolution counterparts in SA, with corresponding model number being 8 (Fs) and 7 (THF) in both EA and WNP. This study reveals the advantages of increased horizonal resolution in the Fs simulation.
Cost-effectiveness of fenofibrate for preventing diabetic complications in Australia
Authors: Kim Hansoo , Lyu Juntao , Raja Vikrama , Kim Kyoo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
This study investigates the cost-effectiveness of using fenofibrate to treat type 2 diabetes in Australia. The financial burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus is estimated to surpass AUD10 billion, mainly due to the cost of diabetic complications from diabetic neuropathy. Clinical evidence from the Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) study demonstrated that fenofibrate can play a role in reducing the risk of amputation and other diabetes-related complications.
Methods
This study used a calibrated UKPDS model with an Australian diabetes cohort to simulate a number of complications and deaths over a 20-year time horizon. The effectiveness of fenofibrate was assessed using the FIELD study. Total cost was calculated over the 20-year time horizon. Input data was obtained from the Australian Refined-Disease Related Groups and the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme.
Results
The model estimated that fenofibrate is associated with lower complication costs, which saves over AUD 4.6 million per 1,000 patients, with the most significant savings observed in amputations. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for fenofibrate treatment is observed to be AUD 739/LY gained and AUD 1189/QALY gained.
Conclusion
The use of fenofibrate in Type 2 diabetes patients is estimated to result in cost savings in an Australian setting due to fewer diabetes complications.
Comparative Analysis of the Nutritional and Mineral Compositions of Farfantepenaeus notialis and Macrobrachium vollenhovenii: Implications for Dietary Planning and Food Industry Applications
Authors: Ibitoye Oluwatosin , Ayanniyi Oluwadamilola , Ayeni Olabisi , Kolejo Oluwatobi , Arabambi Israel , Ademola Oluwafunke , Adetola Olusegun , Onafurume Ono 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study presents a comparative analysis of the nutritional and mineral compositions of two dried edible crustacean species, Farfantepenaeus notialis and Macrobrachium vollenhovenii. The nutritional profile includes measurements of ash content, crude fiber, fat content, moisture content, crude protein, and carbohydrate percentage. The mineral analysis encompasses essential elements such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), sodium (Na), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn). Results indicate that Macrobrachium vollenhovenii exhibits higher ash (5.38% ± 0.002) and moisture content (22.12% ± 0.004) compared to Farfantepenaeus notialis, which contains higher crude fiber (10.01% ± 0.07), fat content (1.79% ± 0.001), crude protein (6.69% ± 0.2), and carbohydrate (56.64%). Mineral analysis reveals that Macrobrachium vollenhovenii has superior levels of calcium (256.238 mg/g), magnesium (42.156 mg/g), and potassium (71.02 mg/g), while Farfantepenaeus notialis shows higher sodium (166.03 mg/g), phosphorus (93.273 mg/g), and iron (5.183 mg/g) content. Both species display nearly identical zinc concentrations. These findings suggest that while both species are nutritionally valuable, their specific compositions make them suitable for different dietary needs. Macrobrachium vollenhovenii may be more beneficial for those requiring higher mineral intake, particularly calcium and potassium, whereas Farfantepenaeus notialis might be preferable for higher protein and iron intake. This comparative analysis provides valuable insights into the nutritional and mineral benefits of these crustacean species, aiding in dietary planning and food industry applications.
A Multimodal Deep Learning Approach for High-Risk Call Detection in Crisis Intervention Hotlines
Authors: Wu Deyuan , Wei Yating , Chen Qiuxia , Fu Xiaonv , Song Haidong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To develop and validate a multimodal deep learning approach integrating audio and text features for enhancing the detection of high-risk calls in crisis intervention hotlines.
Methods
The dataset originates from Hangzhou’s psychological crisis intervention hotline, encompassing 14,181 valid samples in 2023 for training. For evaluating real-time response performance, various lengths of audio and text samples were extracted and trained in multiple groups. Audio features were derived using the Librosa library, including 12-dimensional Chromagram features, 128-dimensional Mel spectrograms, and 40-dimensional Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC). These features were fed into a pre-trained ResNet50 architecture to obtain an advanced audio representation. Text features relied on the Chinese RoBERTa-wwm-ext-large model for processing. Audio and text features were merged through Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, with Cross Entropy loss function utilized for training the deep learning model. After ten-fold cross-validation, model performance was assessed on an independent test set of 14,354 valid samples from 2022.
Results
On the independent test set from 2022, the model achieved an over- all accuracy of 0.75 with a 10-second audio input combined with 41 characters, recall rate for high-risk calls at 0.73, and an Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) of 0.79; for a 30-second audio input with 123 characters, the overall accuracy rose to 0.79, recall rate for high-risk calls reached 0.80, and AUC was 0.87; with a 60-second audio input and 246 characters, the model accuracy was 0.74, recall rate for high-risk calls was 0.87, and AUC was 0.85.
Conclusion
This study innovatively explores the integration strategy of voice- text multimodal deep learning techniques with crisis intervention hotlines, demonstrating promising potential in enhancing the efficiency of high-risk call identification through empirical results.
Cisplatin kills ovarium cancer cells through the TRPV1-mediated mitochondrial oxidative stress and apoptosis: TRPV1 inhibitor role of eicopentotaneoic acid
Authors: Bucak Mevlüt , Nazıroğlu Mustafa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The most commonly used treatment, cisplatin (Cisp), causes excessive Ca2+ influx mediated by TRPV1 and produces a high concentration of mitochondrial free reactive oxygen radicals (mROS). In clinical trials, it can be used with other adjuvant medicinal agents to increase safety and efficacy. Although there are contradictory findings, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) as an adjuvant has been demonstrated to suppress the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. We assessed the effects of EPA and Cisp incubations on oxidant, lysosomal injury, and apoptotic values in the OVCAR-3 ovarian tumor cell line by activating TRPV1. Five groups were induced with Cisp (25 µM for 24h), EPA (100 µM for 24h), Cisp + EPA, and Cisp + TRPV1 antagonist (capsazepine, CPZ). We discovered that, in comparison to control cells, Cisp-mediated upregulation of TRPV1 protein is downregulated by EPA and CPZ, but Cisp mediates greater TRPV1-induced Ca2+ entry in cells. The major mROS in cells that cause Cisp-mediated TRPV1 activation include increases in mROS but decreases in glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, mitochondrial function, OVCAR-3 viability, and number. In response to capsaicin, Cisp-mediated TRPV1 stimulation causes mitochondrial Ca2+ and Zn2+ overload, which is followed by increases of caspase-3/-8/-9, lysosomal injury, and apoptosis, however, these effects were less pronounced in the Cisp + EPA and Cisp + CPZ groups. To sum up, we first showed that Cisp kills OVCAR-3 cells by stimulating TRPV1, even while blocking the channel reduced the anti-cancer effects of Cisp. Cisp and TRPV1 stimulators together may provide an alternative method of killing ovarian tumor cells.