bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Planning in Turbulent Times: Exploring Planners' Agency in Jerusalem
Authors: Rokem Jonathan , Allegra Marco 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis article explores the role of planning in the deeply divided and politically polarized context of Jerusalem. The overall argument developed throughout the article is that the relation between planning and politics is a non‐hierarchical set of interactions, negotiated within specific historical, geographical, legal and cultural contexts—in other words, orders don't come down from the politicians to be slavishly followed by planners. In this respect our findings, based on in‐depth interviews with Israeli planners, suggest that the case of Jerusalem represents a particularly dramatic illustration of the fact that the function of planning expertise can only be understood in relation to the surrounding socio‐political environment. Furthermore, contrary to conventional wisdom, planners in Jerusalem are not destined to either complicity or irrelevance in the face of political imperatives; planners' agency, however, does not simply reflect their mastery of specific professional knowledge and tools, but also their ability to act strategically in relation to the context in which they operate.
Overall Quality Properties of Kiwifruit Treated by Cinnamaldehyde and Citral: Microbial, Antioxidant Capacity during Cold Storage
Authors: Wang Yuan , Shan Tingting , Yuan Yahong , Yue Tianli 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis work was undertaken to evaluate the microbiological characteristics and antioxidant and physiological activities in kiwifruits (Actinida deliciosa var. Qinmei) with/without cinnamaldehyde (C1) and citral (C2) fumigation treatments (5 μL/L) during 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 d of storage at 4 °C. Essential oils (EOs) treatment lowered the total viable counts, yeast, and mold to 1.54, 2.36, and 2.05 log CFU/g, respectively. Moreover, EOs improved the antioxidant activities of kiwifruit. They enhanced phenolics and flavonoids content in fruit tissue by 49.48% at day 3 and 56.93% at day 6, respectively. In addition, ascorbic acid in treated groups had the lower losing rate. Similarly, MDA (malondialdehyde), H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide), and •O2– (superoxide anion) production were effectively decreased in the range of 27.27% to 54.38%. Physicochemical characteristics showed that kiwifruits from treated group maintained higher levels of flesh luminosity and firmness. EOs also decreased the levels of reducing sugar by 45.97% at day 3, and increased the content of soluble protein and hydrolyzed amino acid. Therefore, postharvest EOs treatment has positive effects on delaying senescence and enhancing antioxidant capacities in kiwifruit.
Long‐Lasting Effects of Chronic Intermittent Alcohol Exposure in Adolescent Mice on Object Recognition and Hippocampal Neuronal Activity
Authors: Beaudet Gregory , Valable Samuel , Bourgine Joanna , Lelong‐Boulouard Véronique , Lanfumey Laurence , Freret Thomas , Boulouard Michel , Paizanis Eleni 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundBinge drinking is popular and highly prevalent in teenagers. However, the long‐term cognitive and neurobiological consequences of such practices are not yet fully understood. In this context, we therefore assessed in mice whether a chronic intermittent alcohol (CIA) exposure in adolescence had long‐term consequences on object discrimination and memory performances, emotional behaviors, brain activity, and morphology.MethodsC57BL/6JRj mice were treated with either saline or ethanol (EtOH) (2 g/kg/d, i.p., from postnatal days [PND] 30 to PND 44 every other day). The day following the last administration or later in adulthood (PND 71) mice were tested for different behavioral tests (novel object recognition, spontaneous alternation, light–dark box, elevated plus‐maze, actimeter test), to assess object recognition, working memory performances, anxiety‐like behavior, and locomotor activity. We also investigated neuronal activation of hippocampus, prefrontal and perirhinal cortices, and anatomical changes using immediate‐early gene expression and longitudinal brain magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsOur results showed that adolescent mice exposed to CIA present a critical and persistent impairment of short‐term object recognition performances. By contrast, spatial working memory was not impaired, nor was anxiety‐like behavior. This altered object discrimination was associated with a biphasic change in neuronal activity in the hippocampus but without morphological changes. Indeed, c‐Fos expression was specifically increased in the dorsal dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus after the binge exposure, but then became significantly lower in adulthood both in the DG and the CA1 part of the hippocampus compared with adult saline pretreated mice.ConclusionsThese findings provide evidence for adolescent vulnerability to the effects of intermittent binge EtOH exposure on object discrimination and hippocampal activity with long‐lasting consequences.
Can subsyndromal manifestations of major depression be identified in children at risk?
Authors: Uchida M. , Fitzgerald M. , Lin K. , Carrellas N. , Woodworth H. , Biederman J. 
Published: November 2016

ObjectiveChildren of parents with major depression are at significantly increased risk for developing major depression themselves; however, not all children at genetic risk will develop major depressive disorder (MDD). We investigated the utility of subsyndromal scores on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) Anxiety/Depression scale in identifying children at the highest risk for pediatric MDD from among the pool of children of parents with MDD or bipolar disorder.MethodThe sample was derived from two previously conducted longitudinal case–control family studies of psychiatrically and pediatrically referred youth and their families. For this study, probands were stratified based on the presence or absence of a parental mood disorder.ResultsSubsyndromal scores on the CBCL Anxiety/Depression scale significantly separated the children at high risk for pediatric MDD from those at low risk in a variety of functional areas, including social and academic functioning. Additionally, children at genetic risk without elevated CBCL Anxiety/Depression scale scores were largely indistinguishable from controls.ConclusionThese results suggest that the CBCL Anxiety/Depression scale can help identify children at highest risk for pediatric MDD. If implemented clinically, this scale would cost‐effectively screen children and identify those most in need of early intervention resources to impede the progression of depression.
Impact of intraoperative blood transfusion on long‐term outcomes of liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Dai Wing Chiu , Chok Kenneth S. H. , Sin Sui Ling , Chan Albert C. Y. , Cheung Tan To , Wong Tiffany C. L. , Lo Chung Mau 
Published: November 2016

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of intraoperative blood transfusion on the long‐term outcomes of liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodAdult patients who had non‐salvage liver transplantation at our centre between January 2005 and December 2012 for hepatocellular carcinomas that were within the University of California, San Francisco criteria and could not be resected or ablated were divided into groups with and without intraoperative blood transfusion. Comparisons were made between groups.ResultsNinety‐nine patients were included in the study. Sixty‐two (62.6%) patients received intraoperative blood transfusion. Patients without transfusion were younger (54 versus 56 years; P = 0.04) and had a lower Model for End‐stage Liver Disease score (11 versus 14; P < 0.001). Most of them had stage‐I tumours (64.9 versus 37.1%; P = 0.007) and fewer of them had postoperative complications of grade IIIA or above in the Clavien‐Dindo classification (21.6 versus 48.4%; P = 0.008). The groups were comparable in hospital mortality (3.2 versus 2.7%; P = 1.00), 5‐year overall survival (90.8 versus 89.2%; P = 0.611) and 5‐year disease‐free survival (90.5 versus 89.2%; P = 0.835). On multivariate analysis, postoperative complications of grade IIIA or above were associated with worse survival (hazard ratio, 7.108; 95% confidence interval, 1.455–34.712; P = 0.015).ConclusionIntraoperative blood transfusion was shown to have no significant impact on the long‐term outcomes of liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma, whereas postoperative complications of grade IIIA or above were associated with worse recipient survival.
Dilemma of mucosal appendicitis: a clinico‐pathological entity? A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mizumoto Ryo , Cristaudo Adam T. , Lai Nai Kid , Premaratne Gamini , Hendahewa Rasika 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundThe presence of mucosal inflammation within appendicectomy specimens is poorly described in the literature, and there is debate regarding the clinical significance of this histological finding. The aim of this study is to correlate clinical and radiological data with histologically confirmed acute mucosal appendicitis (MA).MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed to identify all patients who underwent appendicectomy over 5 years at Caboolture Hospital. Data were collected in regards to clinical Alvarado score, pathological specimen findings, radiological findings and coincidental conditions, and comparison made between MA and negative appendicectomy groups.ResultsA total of 1347 appendicectomy specimens and data were reviewed. Of these, 219 (16%) specimens were microscopically confirmed to have acute mucosal inflammation, 150 (68%) were females. Median age was 19 ± 14 years. A total of 243 (18%) were histologically negative. There was a statistically significant difference in mean Alvarado score in the MA group (5.0 ± 1.9 versus 4.3 ± 1.8, P = 0.0002). Patients with MA are more likely to report migratory pain (48.4 versus 31.4%, P = 0.0001) and rebound tenderness (24.9 versus 14.6%, P = 0.002). Computed tomography and ultrasound scans were negative in 74.1 and 72.6%, respectively, in patients with MA. More MA patients benefited from appendicectomy compared with the negative appendicectomy group (82 versus 63%, P = <0.0001).ConclusionThere is a subgroup of patients with MA who are young females with have low Alvarado scores, have non‐diagnostic imaging, and may represent almost one‐fifth of appendicectomy specimens. This study supports the probability that MA is a pathological entity.
Heaps of fascinating fragments: reconstructing a medieval reindeer population based on bone middens from the Hardangervidda high mountain plateau, Norway
Authors: Takken Beijersbergen Liselotte M. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe results of a detailed morphological and pathological study on reindeer bones (Rangifer tarandus) from four medieval hunting stations on Hardangervidda are presented. As intensive marrow collecting left almost no bones intact, traditional sexing methods could only sparsely be applied. Alternative methods had to be explored to successfully assign the fragments to a sex. Employing linear discriminant analysis (LDA) on early‐ and non‐fusing skeletal elements, I have shown that (incomplete) calcanei, metapodia and phalanges I and II can be used successfully to assign a specimen to a sex and should no longer be excluded from osteometric analyses. Differences in the demographic compositions of the taphocoenoses lead to the assumption that hunters in the 11th century AD targeted large reindeer bucks, while at the 13th‐century sites, the complete biocoenose is represented, albeit in a different ratio. There seems to have been a shift in hunting technique: from selective hunting to mass hunting. Size wise, the reindeer from Hardangervidda were smaller than reindeer from contemporary assemblages from the Dovre area (central Norway), a population that is genetically different. Few pathologically affected bones were encountered in the material, but some cases of infections, bone lesions and a progressed osteosarcoma are described.
Firm productivity and importing: Evidence from Chinese manufacturing firms
Authors: Elliott Robert J. R. , Jabbour Liza , Zhang Liyun 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis paper investigates various aspects of the relationship between firm productivity and importing for a large sample of Chinese firms between 2002 and 2006 making a distinction between the origin, variety, skill and technology content of imports. Employing a random effects probit model and a propensity score matching with difference‐in‐differences (PSM–DID) approach and treating imports as endogenous in our measure of total factor productivity (TFP) (De Loecker 2007), we test the self‐selection and learning‐by‐doing hypotheses. Our results show evidence of a bi‐directional causal relationship between importing and productivity. Although importing firms tend to be more productive before entering the import market, once they start importing firms experience significant productivity gains for up to two years following entry. We also find evidence of learning effects following the decision to import, which is stronger when import starters source their products from high‐income economies, import a wider variety of products and import products with a higher skill and technology content. A number of robustness checks confirm the learning effects of importing on TFP growth.
Comparative Clinical Study of Conventional Dental Implants and Mini Dental Implants for Mandibular Overdentures: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Aunmeungtong Weerapan , Kumchai Thongnard , Strietzel Frank P. , Reichart Peter A. , Khongkhunthian Pathawee 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundDental implant‐retained overdentures have been chosen as the treatment of choice for complete mandibular removable dentures. Dental implants, such as mini dental implants, and components for retaining overdentures, are commercially available. However, comparative clinical studies comparing mini dental implants and conventional dental implants using different attachment for implant‐retained overdentures have not been well documented.PurposeTo compare the clinical outcomes of using two mini dental implants with Equator® attachments, four mini dental implants with Equator attachments, or two conventional dental implants with ball attachments, by means of a randomized clinical trial.Materials and methodsSixty patients received implant‐retained mandibular overdentures in the interforaminal region. The patients were divided into three groups. In Groups 1 and 2, two and four mini dental implants, respectively, were placed and immediately loaded by overdentures, using Equator® attachments. In Group 3, conventional implants were placed. After osseointegration, the implants were loaded by overdentures, using ball attachments. The study distribution was randomized and double‐blinded. Outcome measures included changes in radiological peri‐implant bone level from surgery to 12 months postinsertion, prosthodontic complications and patient satisfaction.ResultsThe cumulative survival rate in the three clinical groups after one year was 100%. There was no significant difference (p < 0.05) in clinical results regarding the number (two or four) of mini dental implants with Equator attachments. However, there was a significant difference in marginal bone loss and patient satisfaction between those receiving mini dental implants with Equator attachments and conventional dental implants with ball attachments. The marginal bone resorption in Group 3 was significantly higher than in Groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.05); there were no significant differences between Groups 1 and 2. There was no significant difference in patient satisfaction between Groups 1 and 2 but it was significantly higher than that in Group3 (p < 0.05).ConclusionsTwo and four mini dental implants can be immediately used successfully for retaining lower complete dentures, as shown after a 1‐year follow up.
Grey:white matter ratio at diagnosis and the risk of 10‐year multiple sclerosis progression
Authors: Moccia M. , Quarantelli M. , Lanzillo R. , Cocozza S. , Carotenuto A. , Carotenuto B. , Alfano B. , Prinster A. , Triassi M. , Nardone A. , Palladino R. , Brunetti A. , Brescia Morra V. 
Published: November 2016

Background and purposeGrey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) are both affected in multiple sclerosis (MS).WMis predominantly involved in inflammatory demyelination of relapsing–remittingMS(RRMS), whereasGMis predominantly involved in neurodegenerative processes of secondary progressiveMS. Thus, we investigated the ratio betweenGMandWMvolumes in predictingMSevolution.MethodsThe present 10‐year retrospective cohort study included 149 patients with newly‐diagnosedRRMS, undergoing magnetic resonance imaging for segmentation and brain volumetry. The ratio betweenGMand normal‐appearingWM(NAWM) volumes was calculated for each subject. Outcome measures of interest were Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) progression, reachingEDSS4.0 and conversion to secondary progressive (SP) MS.ResultsDuring a period of 10.6 ± 2.4 years, a median 1.5EDSSprogression was observed (range 0–5.5), 54 subjects (36.2%) reachedEDSS4.0 and 30 subjects (20.1%) converted toSP. With ordinal logistic regression models,EDSSprogression was associated withGM:NAWMratio (coefficient, −2.918; 95%CI, −4.739–1.097). With Cox regression models, subjects with higherGM:NAWMratio at diagnosis had a 90% lower rate of reachingEDSS4.0 (hazard ratio, 0.111; 95%CI, 0.020–0.609) and of converting to secondary progressiveMS(hazard ratio, 0.017; 95%CI, 0.001–0.203) compared with subjects with lowerGM:NAWMratio.ConclusionsTheGM:NAWMratio is a predictor of disability progression and ofSPconversion in subjects with newly diagnosedRRMS, suggesting thatGMandNAWMare variably affected in relation to disease evolution from the early phases ofMS.
Experiences of wake and light therapy in patients with depression: A qualitative study
Authors: Kragh Mette , Møller Dorthe Norden , Wihlborg Camilla Schultz , Martiny Klaus , Larsen Erik Roj , Videbech Poul , Lindhardt Tove 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWake therapy can reduce depressive symptoms within days, and response rates are high. To sustain the effect, it is often combined with light therapy. Few studies have focussed on factors related to patients′ adherence to the regime, and none has used qualitative methods to examine their experience of these combined interventions. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to illuminate patients' experiences with wake and light therapy and factors related to adherence. Thirteen inpatients with depression were included. They participated in an intervention consisting of three wake therapies during the first week, 30 min of daily light treatment for the entire 9 weeks, and ongoing psychoeducation regarding good sleep hygiene. Patients kept a diary, and individual semistructured interviews were conducted. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The participants' overall experience with the treatment was positive. Some experienced a remarkable and rapid antidepressant effect, whereas others described more long‐term benefits (e.g. improved sleep and diurnal rhythm). Yet recovery was fragile, and patients were only cautiously optimistic. Social support was important for maintaining the motivation to stay awake and receive daily light therapy. Overall, participants found the treatment worthwhile and would recommend it to others with depression. The study revealed a lack of knowledge among participants about the connection between regular sleep patterns and depression. In conclusion, this study provides insight into patients' experiences, and knowledge that can contribute to guidelines for future adherence‐promoting organization of wake and light therapy.
The evolutionary history of central African rain forest plants: phylogeographical insights from sister species in the climber genus Haumania (Marantaceae)
Authors: Ley Alexandra C. , Heuertz Myriam , Hardy Olivier J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAimWe sought to test the refuge hypothesis as a major driver of genetic differentiation to explain the development of distinct phytogeographical domains in tropical Central African rain forest. To address this aim, we studied the phylogeographical pattern of a pair of sister plant species, Haumania danckelmaniana and H. liebrechtsiana (Marantaceae), distributed across the two phytogeographical domains: Lower Guinea and Congolia.LocationTropical Central Africa including the phytogeographical domains Lower Guinea and Congolia.MethodsSeven polymorphic microsatellite loci were genotyped in a total of 513 individuals from both species. The dataset was analysed for population genetic structure and demographic change and the results compared to the geographical pattern of plastid DNA sequences from a previous publication and other sympatric species.ResultsBased on the microsatellite dataset, three distinct homogeneous genetic clusters were detected in H. danckelmaniana and two in H. liebrechtsiana. These clusters corresponded geographically with the patterns found in the plastid DNA sequences. Genetic diversity and endemism were unevenly distributed between clusters in the two species. Most clusters exhibited signals of population expansion.Main conclusionsThe phylogeographical data based on microsatellites and plastid DNA revealed a complex history involving (1) allopatric differentiation with each species originating in a different phytogeographical domain, potentially resulting from past forest fragmentation, followed by (2) population expansion and interspecific introgression, which probably occurred during a phase of forest expansion. Moreover, phylogeographical patterns within each species provided evidence of (3) past population fragmentation followed by partial population admixture in H. danckelmaniana, and deep differentiation between Lower Guinea and Congolia in H. liebrechtsiana. The observed patterns were globally consistent with the refuge hypothesis and the presented scenario illustrates evolutionary processes that likely have contributed to shaping the African phytogeographical domains.