bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recurrent Anti‐NMDAR Encephalitis Necessitating Oophorectomy in an Adolescent Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Caroline Shadowen , Nidhi Agrawal , Alexa Fugina , Cole Messersmith , Laurne Terasaki , Hannah Allen , Aaron Goldberg , Lindsey Pflugner 
Published: October 2024

Background: Anti‐NMDA receptor (A‐NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune condition often associated with ovarian teratoma. Surgical removal of the teratoma is generally curative, and recurrence is uncommon.Case: A 14‐year‐old female presented with psychiatric symptoms and was ultimately diagnosed with A‐NMDAR encephalitis during a prolonged hospitalization. She was found to have bilateral ovarian teratomas, underwent laparoscopic bilateral ovarian cystectomy, and returned to neurologic baseline within 2 months. One year later, the patient was re‐presented with similar symptoms and was diagnosed with recurrent A‐NMDAR encephalitis. Initial imaging was negative for ovarian teratomas. After another prolonged hospitalization, repeat imaging ultimately demonstrated a suspected left ovarian teratoma. A left salpingo‐oophorectomy was performed, and the patient’s condition again fully recovered.Conclusion: This case of A‐NMDAR encephalitis presented with many atypical features including neuropsychiatric presenting symptoms, bilateral teratomas, and severe recurrence of disease. While imaging is the recommended modality for investigation of etiology, no teratoma was identified on the second presentation, leading to an ethical and clinical conundrum in this adolescent patient. More research is needed to investigate other diagnostic methods for A‐NMDAR encephalitis without distinct teratoma on imaging in female patients.
The Impact of Standard Cross‐Linking on the Corneal Optical Density–Age Relationship in Keratoconus After Mechanical Stripping of the Epithelium
Authors: Bohac Maja , Gilevska Fanka , Biscevic Alma , Gabric Ivan , Gabric Kresimir , Patel Sudi 
Published: October 2024

Background: To determine if cross‐linking (CXL) treatment modifies any pre‐existing association between corneal optical density (COD) and age in keratoconus free of corneal scarring.Methods: COD was monitored in two groups (i) before and after standard CXL treatment for keratoconus (de‐epithelization with a crescent blade, n = 69 eyes) and (ii) age/gender‐matched cases without any signs of keratoconus (n = 24 eyes). Seven different markers of COD were quantified using a 0–100 grey scale, supplied with Pentacam™ software.Results: Mean age (±sd, range) in Group I (19 females and 50 males) was 24.2 years (±7.2, 11–44) and in Group II (9 females and 15 males), it was 24.7 years (±7.6, 17–45). COD over the apex and along the depth of the cornea (y, arbitrary scale units) was associated with age (x, in years) in Group I at preop (y = 0.08x + 13.12, rs = 0.350 and p = 0.003), at 12 months postop (y = 0.08x + 15.15, rs = 0.295 and p = 0.014) and in Group II, at the start (y = 0.16x + 11.28, rs = 0.474 and p = 0.019) and 12 months later (y = 0.24x + 8.63, rs = 0.600 and p = 0.002). The change in COD following CXL was significantly associated with the preop value.Conclusion: CXL initially breaks down the pre‐existing relationship between COD and age. This is re‐established by 12 months postop. The CXL induced change in COD depends on the preop value but not on the patient’s age.
PI3K Mutation Profiles on Exons 9 (E545K and E542K) and 20 (H1047R) in Mexican Patients With HER‐2 Overexpressed Breast Cancer and Its Relevance on Clinical–Pathological and Survival Biological Effects
Authors: Nieto-Coronel T. , Alette Ortega-Gómez , Yacab R. , Fernández-Figueroa E. A. , Lopez-Camarillo C. , Marchat L. , Astudillo-de la Vega H. , Ruiz-Garcia E. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Trastuzumab resistance is associated with overexpressing the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER‐2), which results from the altered phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) pathway in breast cancer patients.Objective: We quantified the frequency of PI3K enzyme single and double‐point mutations in Mexican patients with HER‐2 overexpressing breast cancer and its association with clinical‐pathological variables.Methods: We embedded HER‐2 breast samples in paraffin from 60 patients, extracted their DNA, and evaluated PI3K mutations in 49 HER‐2‐positive breast tumors. We focused on mutations for one exon 20 (H1047R) and two exon 9 PI3K (E545K, E542K) hotspots and characterized them as single and double‐point mutations. The mean patient follow‐up was 86 months.Results: Of 49 patients who tested positive for HER‐2 breast cancer, 14.28% showed mutations in PI3K, 71.42% single‐point, and 28.56% double‐point mutations. We found single‐point mutations in H1047R (42.85%) and E545K (28.57%). Only two patients exhibited double‐point mutations: one in E542K/E545K and another in H1047R/E545K (14.28% each). Although we observed lower survival in patients with mutations in PI3K, we did not find a significant association between these factors (p = 0.191). However, single and double‐point mutations in PI3K were significantly associated with the clinical stages of diagnosis and tumor size (p = 0.027 and p = 0.04, respectively).Conclusion: Single and double‐point mutations in PI3K are related to tumor size and advanced clinical–pathological traits in Mexican patients with HER‐2 overexpression, and future molecular studies are necessary to understand these findings.
The Association Between Anti‐Neoplastic Effects of Curcumin and Urogenital Cancers: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mazaheri-Tehrani Sadegh , Rouzbahani Shiva , Heidari-Beni Motahar 
Published: October 2024

Background: Curcumin is a polyphenol compound with anticancer effects. We aimed to review the anti‐neoplastic effects of curcumin on urogenital cancers, by regulating different microRNA expressions.Methods: A systematic search was conducted in Medline (PubMed), Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science up to the end of August 2024. All English, in vitro, and observational studies that evaluated the effect of curcumin on preventing or treating urogenital cancers through its impact on microRNA expression were included. In vivo or silico studies were excluded.Result: A total of 2549 records were found. Finally, 25 studies were included. Twelve studies assessed the effect of curcumin on prostate cancer, six studies on ovarian cancer, three studies on cervical cancer, three studies on bladder cancer, and one study on renal cancer. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate the post‐transcriptional pathways. They possess pivotal roles in different fundamental mechanisms in cells such as differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and proliferation. Curcumin exerts its anticancer effects on urogenital neoplasms by upregulating tumor suppressor microRNAs (miR‐143, miR‐145, miR‐Let‐7, miR‐101, miR‐3127, miR‐3178, miR‐1275, miR‐3198, miR‐1908, miR‐770, miR‐1247, miR‐411, miR‐34a, miR‐383, miR‐708, miR‐483, miR‐199a, miR‐335, miR‐503, miR‐10b, miR‐551a, miR‐9, miR‐203, miR‐7110, miR‐29b, and miR‐126) and downregulating oncogenic microRNAs (miR‐21, miR‐210, miR‐382, miR‐654, miR‐494, miR‐193b, miR‐671, miR‐222, miR‐23b, miR‐664, miR‐183, miR‐214, miR‐320a, miR‐23a, miR‐30a, miR‐320d, miR‐1285, miR‐32, miR‐181a, miR‐205, miR‐216a, miR‐1246, and miR‐106b).Conclusion: Cell proliferation is inhibited, and cell apoptosis is induced by curcumin in different urogenital cancers through suppressing oncogenic microRNAs or provoking tumor suppressor microRNAs.
Association Between Neurological Status and Outcomes in Cardiac Arrest Patients Undergoing PCI in Contemporary Practice: Insights From BMC2
Authors: Hamilton David E. , Kobe Daniel S. , Seth Milan , Sharma Manoj , LaLonde Thomas , Shah Ibrahim , Gurm Hitinder S. , Sukul Devraj 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
Coronary artery disease remains the largest contributor to cardiac arrests worldwide; yet, long-term outcomes are often driven by neurological status after resuscitation. We examined the association between pre–percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) level of consciousness (LOC) and outcomes among patients with cardiac arrest who underwent PCI.

METHODS:
The study cohort included patients undergoing PCI after cardiac arrest between April 2018 and March 2022 at 48 hospitals in the state of Michigan. Pre-PCI LOC was categorized as mentally alert, partially responsive, unresponsive, and unable to assess. In-hospital outcomes included mortality, bleeding, and acute kidney injury.

RESULTS:

Among 3021 patients who underwent PCI after cardiac arrest, 1394 (49%) were mentally alert, 132 (5%) were partially responsive, 698 (24%) were unresponsive, and 631 (22%) were unable to assess. The mentally alert cohort had lower mortality (4.59%) compared with the partially responsive (17.42%), unresponsive (50.14%), and unable to assess cohorts (38.03%;
P
<0.001). After adjusting for baseline differences, compared with mentally alert patients, the odds of mortality were markedly elevated in patients who were partially responsive (adjusted odds ratio, 4.63 [95% CI, 2.67–8.04];
P
<0.001), unable to assess (adjusted odds ratio, 13.95 [95% CI, 9.97–19.51];
P
<0.001), and unresponsive (adjusted odds ratio, 24.36 [17.34–34.23];
P
<0.001). After adjustment, patients with impaired LOC also had higher risks of acute kidney injury and bleeding compared with mentally alert patients.

CONCLUSIONS:
Pre-PCI LOC is a strong predictor of in-hospital outcomes after PCI among cardiac arrest patients. A patient’s pre-PCI LOC should be considered an important factor when weighing treatment options, designing clinical trials, and counseling patients and their families regarding prognosis after PCI.
Power, Politics, and Personification: Toward a Critique of Postone’s Theory of Antisemitism
Authors: Levi Neil 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This essay offers an immanent critique of Moishe Postone’s theory of antisemitism. It argues that his account of modern antisemitism as a form of fetishistic anti-capitalism contains a decisive ambiguity. Postone oscillates between two distinct conceptions of anti-capitalism: explicit and implicit. These conceptions are conflated when Postone draws a line from his paradigm case of modern antisemitism to recent anti-imperialist criticism of particular nation-states. This conflation also allows him implicitly to suggest that anti-communism is a form of anti-capitalism. More attention to the differences between these senses of anti-capitalism could have led Postone to a richer theoretical account of the place of abstraction in the distinctively political dangers that obsessed modern antisemitism, which might, in turn, have drawn his attention in the present toward contemporary Islamophobia, rather than criticism of the US, as redolent of certain aspects of the modern antisemitic imaginary.
The Astronomical Observatory of the Abbot de Beauchamp in Baghdad
Authors: Deias Dalia , Bret Patrice 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In 1786, the Abbé Joseph de Beauchamp, vicar general of the bishopric of Babylon, vice-consul in Baghdad and correspondent of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Paris, completed the description of the astronomical observatory he had installed on a terrace of the house of the Missionary Fathers of the Congregation of the Faith in Baghdad. A crossroads between Parisian and Middle Eastern astronomical practice, between scholarly, religious and diplomatic networks in France and abroad, Beauchamp’s observatory was destroyed by the wind in 1783, then carefully reconstructed and well equipped with observation and measurement instruments received from France. The notes, descriptions and detailed drawings carefully recorded by the astronomer explain the organization of this learned space, the function, construction and operation of each of the elements for the various types of observations (stars, the Sun and the planet Mercury, in particular) made within it.
The New Energy State: Offshore Governance Regimes for Renewables as Natural Resources
Authors: Sen Anupama , Jamasb Tooraj 
Published: October 2024

Maturing renewable energy technologies are birthing new industry configurations, with offshore wind—with the EU holding 80 percent of global capacity—and “energy islands,” as notable examples. However, a clear conceptualization of the role of the state and governance framework is lacking, alongside growing pressure for the state to define the path forward. This paper analyzes recent developments in emerging EU offshore renewable energy regimes, drawing three implications that show the need for new governance frameworks. First, there is a reconfiguration of energy industry structures around changing economics and policies, in a repeat of historical experience. Second, energy islands increasingly represent features of a natural resource in fixed supply, with the economic nature of offshore energy gradually transiting from the sub-domain of renewable energy economics towards natural resource economics. Third, to realize their economic value, governance frameworks are needed to enable these resources to harmonize with other resources in fixed supply, such as the land on which they are sited, which is constitutionally under the stewardship of the state. We set out criteria for governance of these emerging offshore renewables, to underpin the changing industry landscape and new role of the state within it. JEL Classification: L22, L24, L51, Q20, Q24, Q28, Q32, Q38, Q48
Hospital-based Costs to the National Health Service (UK) for Children and Adolescents Born with Cleft from Birth to 20 Years
Authors: Durman Kyle , Hasanally Saleem , Thorn Joanna , Ireland Anthony , Fowler Peter , Deacon Scott , Sandy Jonathan 
Published: October 2024

Objective The primary aim was to assess the cost (£) to the National Health Service (NHS) of hospital treatment for individuals born with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), and cleft palate (CP), from birth to 20 years. The secondary aim was to assess the number of scheduled clinical outpatient and inpatient/outpatient surgical visits for this cohort. Design Retrospective micro-costing analysis. Setting Patients treated within the South West of England Cleft Service (UK). Patients Twenty-three case-notes of children born with cleft (5 BCLP; 10 UCLP; 8 CP) were identified from birth up to and including secondary alveolar bone graft (ABG), and a second group of 23 hospital case-notes (3 BCLP; 10 UCLP; 10 CP) were identified, post-ABG to 20 years. Results Mean costs from birth to ABG were £17,004 (BCLP), £11,620 (UCLP), and £6137 (CP), and post-ABG to 20 years were £9,463, £7,945, and £3,816, respectively. The largest costs were for staff. Repeat surgery had a significant impact on costs. The mean number of clinical outpatient visits for BCLP, UCLP, and CP were 140, 110 and 83 respectively and 8, 6 and 2 for inpatient/outpatient surgical visits, respectively. Conclusions Costs for provision of cleft care by the NHS are significant. The greatest costs were incurred with care for patients with BCLP. Patients were expected to attend many appointments, with BCLP experiencing the most visits. Engagement with quality improvement programmes to minimise repeat surgery, and remote consultation for certain appointments, to reduce the patient burden are recommended.
Wagner Syndrome-like fundus presentation of atypical Persistent Fetal Vasculature
Authors: Quarta Alberto , Toto Lisa , Ruggeri Maria Ludovica , Mastropasqua Rodolfo 
Published: October 2024

Purpose To report the case of a woman with atypical Persistent fetal vasculature (PFV) accompanied by more typical findings of Wagner Syndrome. Results A 58-year-old woman complained about persistent flashes and floaters for more than 6 months. Multimodal retinal imaging showed Bergmeister papilla and a fibrous gray strand floating behind the macula in the right eye. Ultra-wide field retinography revealed a 270° paving-stone degeneration and a nasal circumferential vitreous veil in both eyes. Functional and genetic testing were negative for inherited retinal diseases. Conclusions and importance PFV spectrum confirms its heterogeneous presentation. We report an atypical adult PFV case in presence of retrolental and optic nerve head stalks, accompanied by extensive peripheral vitreoretinal degenerations. This case may expand the current understanding of PFV presentation in adulthood.
Prediction of Treatment Recommendations Via Ensemble Machine Learning Algorithms for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients in Personalized Medicine
Authors: Moon Hojin , Tran Lauren , Lee Andrew , Kwon Taeksoo , Lee Minho 
Published: October 2024

Objectives: The primary goal of this research is to develop treatment-related genomic predictive markers for non-small cell lung cancer by integrating various machine learning algorithms that recommends near-optimal individualized patient treatment for chemotherapy in an effort to maximize efficacy or minimize treatment-related toxicity. This research can contribute toward developing a more refined, accurate and effective therapy accounting for specific patient needs. Methods: To accomplish our research goal, we implement ensemble learning algorithms, bagging with regularized Cox regression models and nonparametric tree-based models via Random Survival Forests. A comprehensive meta-database was compiled from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus data repository for lung cancer patients to capture and utilize complex genomic patterns that can predict treatment outcomes more accurately. Results: The developed novel prediction algorithm demonstrates the ability to support complex clinical decision-making processes in the treatment of NSCLC. It effectively addresses patient heterogeneity, offering predictions that are both refined and personalized in improving the precision of chemotherapy regimens prescribed to the eligible patients. Conclusion: This research should contribute substantial advancement of cancer treatments by improving the accuracy and efficacy of chemotherapy treatments for a targeted group of patients who need the right treatment. The integration of complex machine learning techniques with genomic data holds substantial potential to transform current cancer treatment paradigms by providing robust support in clinical decision-making.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Surgical Treatment for Anterolateral Ankle Impingement Due to the Distal Fascicle of the Anterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament
Authors: Na Ho Dong , Woo In Ha , Cho Seung Jae , Park Chul Hyun 
Published: October 2024

Background: The pathomechanism of anterolateral ankle impingement (ALAI) due to the distal fascicle of the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (DF-AITFL) has not been fully elucidated. In addition, because of its rarity, no definitive diagnostic criteria have been established for ALAI due to DF-AITFL. Purpose: To document the symptom characteristics and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and and arthroscopic findings as well as postoperative clinical outcomes of ALAI due to DF-AITFL. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Included were 12 patients (5 male and 7 female; mean age, 34.4 years [range, 21-76 years]) who were diagnosed with ALAI due to DF-AITFL and underwent excision of the DF-AITFL from November 2017 to August 2021. Symptom characteristics and symptom-related medical histories were evaluated, as were MRI and arthroscopic findings. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the visual analog scale for pain, American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot functional scale, and Foot Function Index. Results: All 12 patients had a history of ankle sprain before symptom onset. DF-AITFL was confirmed by MRI in all patients. Bone edema of the talus was observed in 2 patients (16.7%), and cartilage abnormalities in 3 patients (25%). Arthroscopy showed that the DF-AITFL contacted the anterolateral aspect of the talar dome during range of motion in all patients and that the AITFL was bent where it contacted the anterolateral dome of the talus in 3 patients (25%). Partial tear or adhesion of the DF-AITFL was noted in 7 patients (58.3%), and cartilage deformation at the anterolateral talar dome in 4 patients (33.3%). Mean visual analog scale pain, American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society, and Foot Function Index scores improved significantly from preoperatively to postoperatively. Conclusion: ALAI due to DF-AITFL should be considered a possible cause of anterolateral ankle pain after an ankle sprain. The diagnosis can be reliably made with a thorough clinical examination and imaging studies. Half of the patients in this series also had lateral ankle instability. Surgical resection of the DF-AITFL and ligament reconstruction, if necessary, resulted in significant symptom improvement.
An example of the adaptation of the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) to a virtual format (vNGT) within healthcare research
Authors: Riley-Bennett Frances , Russell Lal , Fisher Rebecca 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Nominal Group Technique (NGT) has been used to establish clinical priorities and generate guidelines within healthcare since its creation over fifty years ago. It is characterised by its five distinct stages; introduction, silent idea generation, ‘round robin’, clarifications and rating or ranking. A key element traditionally has been the inclusion of face-to-face discussion, however in the context of COVID-19 innovations were required. This article provides a case study illustrating an adaptation of the NGT to a virtual format (vNGT) and outlines the processes involved in a virtual NGT (vNGT), using an illustrative study exploring the rehabilitation of stroke survivors. The vNGT offers opportunities for global collaborations without the constraints of geography or incurred costs. Future studies should evaluate it’s acceptability for stroke survivors to enable their participation within research.Summary statement1. This study provides a guide for the use of virtual nominal group technique (vNGT), using a freely available video-conferencing platform2. vNGT increases opportunities for global collaborations whilst incurring minimal costs.3. It remains unclear how feasible this procedure is with patient populations who have potentially less digital confidence and access.This work was supported by NIHR ARC-East Midlands, Grant number NIHR200171.