bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects on the Underlying Water Column by Extensive Floating Treatment Wetlands
Authors: Strosnider W. H. , Schultz S. E. , Strosnider K. A. Johnson , Nairn R. W. 
Published: January 2017

Floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) are an emerging engineering option with promise for simultaneous water quality improvement and habitat creation. Relatively little research has been published regarding their construction or effects on the underlying water column. In this field‐scale experiment, four different extensive FTW designs were constructed using minimal materials, including drainpipe, burlap, mulch, utility netting, and reused polyethylene bottles. The FTWs were then planted with Typha spp. (cattail) and Juncus effusus L. (common rush). Over 28 mo, the water column beneath FTWs in two test ponds was compared to that in an open water control pond. The ponds (190 ± 10 m2) were fed with well water enriched with nitrate to emulate agricultural ponds. Although observed differences were relatively small, statistically significant differences were noted. With respect to the control, waters underneath FTWs had lower dissolved oxygen, sulfate, nitrate, and pH, dampened diurnal temperature fluctuations, and greater alkalinity. The FTWs created habitat and were colonized by species of insects, birds, amphibians, snails, and spiders. Results indicated that Typha spp. is suitable for FTW creation. However, a more supportive planting matrix is suggested to encourage faster plant growth and protect against wind and wave action damage. Although plant growth was limited, results suggest that FTWs may be applied to encourage less aerobic and more organic rich and thermally insulated conditions for water quality improvement in agricultural ponds and other aquatic systems while also creating valuable habitat.Core Ideas
Floating treatment wetlands have water quality and habitat creation promise.
Relatively little is known of their effects on the underlying water column.
Four different minimalist “extensive” designs were tested in a field‐scale experiment.
Habitat was created for insects, birds, amphibians, snails, and spiders.
Dissolved oxygen, sulfate, nitrate, and diurnal temperature range were decreased.
Fate and Effect of Antibiotics in Beef and Dairy Manure during Static and Turned Composting
Authors: Ray Partha , Chen Chaoqi , Knowlton Katharine F. , Pruden Amy , Xia Kang 
Published: January 2017

Manure composting has general benefits for production of soil amendment, but the effects of composting on antibiotic persistence and effects of antibiotics on the composting process are not well‐characterized, especially for antibiotics commonly used in dairy cattle. This study provides a comprehensive, head‐to‐head, replicated comparison of the effect of static and turned composting on typical antibiotics used in beef and dairy cattle in their actual excreted form and corresponding influence on composting efficacy. Manure from steers (with or without chlortetracycline, sulfamethazine, and tylosin feeding) and dairy cows (with or without pirlimycin and cephapirin administration) were composted at small scale (wet mass: 20–22 kg) in triplicate under static and turned conditions adapted to represent US Food and Drug Administration guidelines. Thermophilic temperature (>55°C) was attained and maintained for 3 d in all composts, with no measureable effect of compost method on the pattern, rate, or extent of disappearance of the antibiotics examined, except tylosin. Disappearance of all antibiotics, except pirlimycin, followed bi‐phasic first‐order kinetics. However, individual antibiotics displayed different fate patterns in response to the treatments. Reduction in concentration of chlortetracycline (71–84%) and tetracycline (66–72%) was substantial, while near‐complete removal of sulfamethazine (97–98%) and pirlimycin (100%) was achieved. Tylosin removal during composting was relatively poor. Both static and turned composting were generally effective for reducing most beef and dairy antibiotic residuals excreted in manure, with no apparent negative impact of antibiotics on the composting process, but with some antibiotics apparently more recalcitrant than others.Core Ideas
Antibiotics excreted in their natural forms did not influence manure composting.
Antibiotic dissipation did not always follow single‐phase first‐order kinetics.
Composting enhanced antibiotic removal from manure, but tylosin was recalcitrant.
Dairy Manure Total Solid Levels Impact CH4 Flux and Abundance of Methanogenic Archaeal Communities
Authors: Habtewold J. , Gordon R. J. , Wood J. D. , Wagner‐Riddle C. , VanderZaag A. C. , Dunfield K. E. 
Published: January 2017

Stored liquid dairy manures are methane (CH4) emission hotspots because of the large amount of slurry volatile solids (VS) converted into CH4 by methanogens under anaerobic conditions. Our research has indicated that a reduction of total solids (TS) of slurries before storage can reduce CH4 emissions. In the current study, methanogen abundance was characterized in tanks with different CH4 emissions. Using mesoscale slurry storage facilities equipped for continuous gaseous emission monitoring, we stored dairy slurries having TS from 9.5 to 0.3% for up to 6 mo. Samples were taken after Day 30 and Day 120 of the storage (20 May–16 Nov. 2010) from the upper and bottom layers of the slurries. Methanogenic communities were studied by targeting the gene encoding the α subunit methyl‐coenzyme M reductase (mcrA), which catalyzes the final step of methanogenesis. Interestingly, mean abundances of methanogens increased by ∼8 and 23% at the top and bottom sections, respectively, as slurry TS decreased from 9.5 to 0.3%. Cumulative CH4 emissions, however, decreased by ∼70% as slurry TS decreased from 9.5 to 0.3%. Nevertheless, compared with Day 30 of storage, mean abundances of methanogens were relatively higher at Day 120 (up to 19%), consistent with an increase in the cumulative CH4 emissions. Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gel electrophoresis analysis indicated a low methanogen diversity, with most bands sequenced closely related to the genus Methanocorpusculum (>95% amino acid sequence similarity), the hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Results suggest that available carbon substrate and not methanogen abundance may be limiting cumulative CH4 emissions at reduced TS levels of dairy slurries.Core Ideas
Reduction of total solids levels of stored dairy slurry can reduce cumulative CH4 flux.
Abundance and activity of methanogens increase as dairy slurry total solids decrease.
Volatile solids‐to‐CH4 conversion rates appear to be higher as dairy slurry total solids decrease.
Substrate availability, not methanogen population, limits cumulative CH4 flux.
Methyl Red Decolorization Efficiency of a Korea Strain of Aspergillus sp. Immobilized into Different Polymeric Matrices
Authors: Kim Beom‐Su , Blaghen Mohamed , Lee Kang‐Min 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT: Intensive research studies have revealed that fungal decolorization of dye wastewater is a promising replacement for the current process of dye wastewater decolorization. The authors isolated an Aspergillus sp. from the effluent of a textile industry area in Korea and assessed the effects of a variety of operational parameters on the decolorization of methyl red (MR) by this strain of Aspergillus sp. This Aspergillus sp. was then immobilized by entrapment in several polymeric matrices and the effects of operational conditions on MR decolorization were investigated again. The optimal decolorization activity of this Aspergillus sp. was observed in 1% glucose at a temperature of 37 °C and pH of 6.0. Furthermore, stable decolorization efficiency was observed when fungal biomass was immobilized into alginate gel during repeated batch experiment. These results suggest that the Aspergillus sp. isolated in Korea could be used to treat industrial wastewaters containing MR dye.
Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Sistem Identifikasi Pasien di Instalasi Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit
Authors: Anggraini Dewi , Hakim Lukman , Imam Cecilia Widjiati 
Published: January 2017

Keamanan pelayanan di rumah sakit dimulai dari ketepatan identifikasi pasien. Rumah sakit harus membangun sistem yang menjamin bahwa pelayanan yang tepat diberikan kepada pasien yang tepat. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab belum optimalnya pelaksanaan sistem identifikasi pasien serta mencari alternatif solusi untuk mengoptimalkan pelaksanaan sistem identifikasi pasien di Ruang Rawat Inap RS.X Malang. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan focus group discussion (FGD), wawancara, pengamatan serta studi dokumen. Identifikasi prioritas alternatif solusi menggunakan brainstorming dengan mempertimbangkan urgency, severity/seriousness, growth (USG). Secara struktur sistem identifikasi pasien cukup lengkap. Â Pengetahuan perawat tentang sistem identifikasi pasien cukup baik. Sikap perawat dan petugas lain terhadap pelaksanaan prosedur identifikasi pasien adalah positif namun tidak selalu melakukan prosedur verifikasi sesuai ketentuan terutama untuk tindakan yang menurut perawat tidak berisiko terutama pada saat shift sore dan malam. Â Keterbukaan untuk melaporkan insiden pada petugas masih belum optimal. Kendala dan hambatan terutama dirasakan masih sulit merubah kebiasaan untuk selalu melakukan verifikasi, terkadang pasien mengeluh jika terlalu sering ditanya identitasnya, tidak dirasakan adanya kendala ketersediaan gelang identitas, kadang-kadang terjadi salah cetak nama pada stiker identitas. Penyebab utama belum optimalnya pelaksanaan sistem identifikasi pasien berhubungan dengan sistem supervisi terhadap pelaksanaan prosedur identifikasi yang belum optimal serta budaya safety yang masih perlu terus ditingkatkan.Kata Kunci: Budaya keselamatan pasien, keselamatan pasien, sistem identifikasi pasien
Analisis Variasi Pengelolaan Appendicitis Acuta di Rumah Sakit Wava Husada Malang
Authors: Muzzamil Muzzamil , Mansur Muhammad , Suryadi Muhammad Arif 
Published: January 2017

Pelayanan appendicitis tidak menerapkan sistim paket dan mengalami Â banyak variasi, termasuk variasi biaya. Peneliti telah melakukan penelitian data catatan rekam medis terhadap pasien appendicitis acuta bulan Juni, Juli dan Agustus 2013 dengan jumlah sampel 21 pasien. Data dianalisa menggunakan regresi linier untuk mengetahui hubungan antara berbagai variabel. Analisa hubungan antara biaya obat dan biaya tindakan terhadap biaya total perawatan menunjukkan bahwa biaya obat dan biaya tindakan sangat berpengaruh terhadap biaya total perawatan (r2=0,731, p<0,001). Analisa hubungan antara biaya total perawatan dengan lama perawatan menunjukkan bahwa pasien yang membayar lebih mahal dirawat lebih lama dan pengaruh biaya terhadap lama perawatan sebesar 29,8% (r2=0,296, p=0,011). Variasi pelayanan pasien menyebabkan variasi pada total biaya perawatan. Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi variasi, terdapatnya kendali mutu dan biaya adalah penerapan clinical pathway.Kata Kunci: Appendicitis akut, clinical pathway, kendali biaya, kendali mutu, variasi pelayanan
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA TERINTEGRASI DENGAN PENGEMBANGAN KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL DAN SPIRITUAL
Authors: Syawahid M. , Retnawati Heri 
Published: January 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran matematika terintegrasi dengan pengembangan kecerdasan emosional dan spiritual (KES) yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Pengembangan model pembelajaran dalam penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D yang dikembangkan oleh Thiagarajan, Semmel & Semmel yang telah dimodifikasi. Melalui proses pengembangan, telah dihasilkan perangkat pembelajaran matematika terintegrasi dengan pengembangan KES dan instrumen penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran matematika terintegrasi dengan pengembangan KES telah memenuhi kriteria kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan. Kriteria kevalidan terlihat dari hasil analisis kevalidan perangkat pembelajaran matematika yang memenuhi kriteria valid, kriteria kepraktisan perangkat pembelajaran matematika dilihat dari kepraktisan menurut guru yang memenuhi kriteria mudah digunakan dan kepraktisan menurut siswa yang positif. Kriteria keefektifan perangkat pembelajaran matematika berdasarkan pada persentase ketercapaian ketuntasan belajar siswa secara klasikal sebesar 80%; persentase jumlah siswa yang mendapat skor KES dengan katagori minimal tinggi adalah 80%. Kata Kunci: KES, matematika dan perangkat pembelajaran.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA SMP DENGAN METODE INKUIRI PADA PERSAMAAN DAN PERTIDAKSAMAAN LINEAR SATU VARIABEL
Authors: Hilman Hilman , Retnawati Heri 
Published: January 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran matematika dengan metode inkuiri pada persamaan dan pertidaksamaan linear satu variabel, dengan kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif ditinjau dari prestasi dan kepercayaan diri siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan. Model pengembangan diadaptasi dari model pengembangan Reiser Dempsey. Pengembangan terdiri dari lima tahap yaitu analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran yang terdiri dari silabus, RPP, LAS, dan tes ulangan harian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif. Kevalidan produk pengembangan ditentukan oleh validasi ahli, kepraktisan produk pengem-bangan ditentukan oleh penilaian guru, dan siswa, sedangkan keefektifan produk pengembangan ditinjau dari prestasi dan kepercayaan diri siswa. Prestasi yang dicapai siswa mencapai rata-rata 76,94 melampaui KKM yakni 70, sedangkan kepercayaan diri siswa dari 55,88% menjadi 82,35% pada kategori minimal baik. Kata Kunci: pengembangan, perangkat pembelajaran, inkuiri DEVELOPING LEARNING MATERIALS MATHEMATICS WITH INQUIRY METHOD FOR EQUATIONS LINEAR AND INEQUALITY OF ONE VARIABLE Abstract The aim of this study produces mathematics instructional materials, on linear equations and inequalities one variable with inquiry methods that valid, practical, and effective criteria in terms of student achievement and self-confidence. This study is developmental research. It is adapted from Reiser Dempsey models. The research through several phases: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The instructional materials is consists of syllabi, lesson plans, student sheet activity, and daily tests. The results showed that is the valid criteria valid, practical, and effective. Validity of development product is determined by the expert validation, the practicality is determined by the assessment of teachers, and students, while the effectiveness in terms of student achievement and self-confidence. Achievements of students achieving an average of 76.9412 beyond the KKM 70, while the confidence of students from 55.88% to 82.35% on minimal good category. Keywords: development, learning instructional materials, inquiry
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN KALKULUS UNTUK MENCAPAI KETUNTASAN DAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Azka Raekha , Santoso Rusgianto Heri 
Published: January 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran kalkulus MA yang meliputi silabus, RPP, LKS, dan instrumen penilaian untuk mencapai ketuntasan belajar dan keman-dirian belajar; (2) mendeskripsikan kualitas hasil pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran kalkulus MA untuk mencapai ketuntasan belajar dan kemandirian belajar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran kalkulus dengan menggunakan model pengembangan yang diadaptasi dari model pengembangan Thiagarajan, Semmel, dan Semmel. Tahap-tahap yang dilalui sampai diperoleh perangkat pembelajaran kalkulus yang valid, praktis, dan efektif meliputi: (1) tahap pendefinisian, (2) tahap perencanaan, dan (3) tahap pengembangan. Uji coba yang dilakukan meliputi uji coba ahli/validasi ahli, uji coba terbatas, dan uji coba lapangan. Uji coba lapangan dilakukan di MA PK Ma’arif 01 Kebumen pada dua kelas XI IPS. Penelitian ini menghasil-kan perangkat pembelajaran kalkulus untuk MA kelas XI IPS terdiri atas silabus, RPP, LKS, dan THB yang berkualitas dan layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran. Masing-masing komponen perangkat pembelajaran yang terdiri atas silabus, RPP, LKS, dan THB telah memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk mencapai ketuntasan dan kemandirian belajar siswa. Kata kunci: pengembangan, perangkat pembelajaran, kalkukus, ketuntasan belajar, kemandirian belajar. DEVELOPING A CALCULUS TEACHING PACKAGE TO ACHIEVE MASTERY AND SELF-REGULATED LEARNING Abstract This research aims to: (1) develop a calculus teaching package consisting of syllabus, lesson plan, worksheet, and test of Islamic high school to achieve mastery and self-regulated learning; (2) describe the quality of the calculus teaching in Islamic high school to achieve mastery and self-regulated learning. This research is a developmental research which develops calculus teaching package using the development model adapted from Thiagarajan, Semmel, and Semmel. The steps to get valid, practical, and effective calculus teaching package are: (1) definition step, (2) planning step, and (3) development step. The try out consisted of expert judgment, small group try out, and field try out. The field try out was held in MA PK Ma’arif 01 Kebumen at two classes of XI IPS. The research produces a calculus teaching package for class XI IPS students of MA consisting of the syllabus, lesson plan, worksheet, and test which are qualified and suitable for the teaching and learning process. Each teaching package component is valid, practical, and effective to achieve students’mastery learning and self-regulated learning. Keywords: development, teaching package, calculus, mastery learning, self-regulated learning
Analisis kesulitan kognitif dan masalah afektif siswa SMA dalam belajar matematika menghadapi ujian nasional
Authors: Azis Azis , Sugiman Sugiman 
Published: January 2017

Penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat dan letak kesulitan belajar matematika siswa pada aspek kognitif dan kategorisasi masalah belajar matematika siswa pada aspek afektif dalam menghadapi Ujian Nasional tahun pelajaran 2013/2014 SMA di Kota Baubau. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian dengan metode survei. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik pengukuran (tes diagnostik), kuisioner, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesulitan belajar matematika yang dialami oleh siswa untuk menyelesaikan soal-soal Ujian Nasional berada pada kategori sedang; letak kesulitan belajar matematika siswa pada aspek kognitif dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal Ujian Nasional dilihat dari segi pengetahuan faktual dengan persentase interval kesulitan sebesar, segi pengetahuan konseptual dengan persentase interval kesulitan sebesar, dan segi pengetahuan prosedural dengan persentase interval kesulitan sebesar; dan kategorisasi masalah belajar matematika siswa pada kategori aspek afektif dalam menghadapi Ujian Nasional tahun pelajaran 2013/2014 SMA di Kota Baubau secara umum berada pada kategori rendah.Kata kunci: kesulitan belajar matematika, kognitif, afektif, ujian nasional SMA An Analysis of Difficulty on Cognitive and Problem on Affective of SMA Students in Mathematics Learning Facing National ExaminationAbstractThis study aims to describe the degree of student’s learning difficulty of mathematics on cognitive and categorization of student’s learning problem on affective aspect in accomplishing mathematic items in facing national final exam of SMA Baubau municipality in 2013/2014 academic year. The research type uses survey method. The technique of data collecting made use of diagnostic test that is National final exam items in 2012/2013 academic year which was modified by the researcher, questionnaires, and interviews. The research result indicates that the degree of students’ learning difficulty of mathematics to accomplish national final exam items is in the medium category; the students’ learning difficulty of mathematics on cognitive aspect in accomplish national final exam items viewed from factual knowledge with students’ difficulty interval percentage , conceptual knowledge aspect with students’ difficulty interval percentage , and procedural knowledge aspect with students’ difficulty interval percentage ; and the categorization of students’ learning problem of mathematics on affective aspect in facing National final exam in 2013/2014 academic year of SMA Baubau municipality generally is in the low category.Keywords: Learning difficulty of mathematics, cognitive, affective, SMA National final exam
Keefektifan cooperative learning STAD dan GI ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir kritis dan komunikasi matematis
Authors: Sapitri Sapitri , Hartono Hartono 
Published: January 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan: (1) keefektifan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD dan GI, dan (2) manakah yang lebih efektif antara kedua metode tersebut ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir kritis dan komunikasi matematis siswa. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu dengan rancangan pretest-posttest nonequivalent group design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD dan GI keduanya efektif. Tidak terdapat perbedaan keefektifan diantara keduanya ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa pada pembelajaran himpunan di kelas VII.Kata Kunci: STAD, GI, berpikir kritis, komunikasi matematis. The Effectiveness of the Cooperative Learning STAD and GI in Terms of Critical Thinking and Mathematical CommunicationAbstractThis study aims to describe: (1) the effectiveness of cooperative learning model of STAD type and GI, and (2) the more effective model between the two in terms of critical thinking skills and students' mathematical communication. This study is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest nonequivalent group design. The results show that cooperative learning of STAD type and GI approach are effective. There is no difference between them in terms of the effectiveness of critical thinking skills and the students’ mathematical communication skills in the teaching of the material on sets to class VII.Keywords: STAD, GI, critical thinking, mathematical communication