bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitude certainty: Antecedents, consequences, and new directions
Authors: Tormala Zakary L. , Rucker Derek D. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPsychological certainty has been the subject of a great deal of research across a number of different literatures. This review focuses on prior and ongoing research on attitude certainty—the subjective sense of confidence of conviction a person has about an attitude—to provide a general overview of the role of certainty in attitudes and persuasion. First, we describe the antecedents, or origins, of attitude certainty, with particular attention to the metacognitive appraisals that drive people's feelings of certainty or uncertainty about their own attitudes. Second, we review the known consequences of attitude certainty, emphasizing the role of certainty in shaping information processing, attitude strength, and attitudinal advocacy. Third, we discuss recent developments that point to an upside for uncertainty in persuasion, whereby uncertainty experienced during message processing can increase message engagement and, thus, enhance message impact. Finally, we highlight several promising directions for future research. Our hope is that this review helps organize classic and contemporary research on attitude certainty and, in so doing, sparks new interest and continuing progress in the years to come.
Relating Decision‐Making Styles to Social Orientation and Time Approach
Authors: Geisler Martin , Allwood Carl Martin 
Published: December 2017

AbstractResearch on decision‐making styles has shown that stylistic differences matter for real‐life outcomes, but less research has explored how styles relate to other differences between individuals. Heeding a call for a more systematic and theoretically sound understanding of decision‐making styles, we investigated the relation between decision‐making styles and specific aspects of social orientation and approach to time in two samples (students, n = 118, and police investigators, n = 90). The results of regression analyses showed that decision‐making styles are related to specific differences in social orientation and time approach. Furthermore, results of structural equation model analyses suggested possible adjustments to the proposed two‐factor model for decision‐making styles (Dewberry, Juanchich, & Narendran, ). © 2017 The Authors Journal of Behavioral Decision Making Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
3D stromal tissue equivalent affects intestinal epithelium morphogenesis in vitro
Authors: De Gregorio Vincenza , Imparato Giorgia , Urciuolo Francesco , Netti Paolo A. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCurrent in vitro models of human intestine commonly fail to mimic the complex intestinal functions and features required for drug development and disease research. Here, we deeply investigate the interaction existing between epithelium and the underneath stroma, and its role in the epithelium morphogenesis. We cultured human intestinal subepithelial myofibroblasts (ISEMFs) in two different 3D configurations: 3D‐collagen gel equivalent (3D‐CGE) and 3D cell‐synthetized stromal equivalent (3D‐CSSE). The 3D‐CGEs were obtained by means of the traditional collagen‐based cell technique and the 3D‐CSSE were obtained by bottom‐up tissue engineering strategy. The biophysical properties of both 3D models with regard to cell growth and composition (via histological analysis, immunofluorescence, and multiphoton imaging) were assessed. Then, human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (CaCo‐2) was cultured on both the 3D constructs in order to produce the intestinal model. We identified higher levels of matrix‐associated proteins from ISEMFs cultured in 3D‐CSSE compared to 3D‐CGE. Furthermore, multiphoton investigation revealed differences in the collagen network architecture in both models. At last, the more physiologically relevant stromal environment of the 3D‐CSSE drove the CaCo‐2 cell differentiation toward the four different type of intestinal epithelial cells (absorptive, mucus‐secretory, enteroendocrine, and Paneth) phenotype and promotes, in contrast to the 3D‐CGE, the production of the basement membrane. Taken together, these results highlight a fundamental role of the 3D stromal environment in addressing a correct epithelium morphogenesis as well as epithelial–stromal interface establishment.
New approach for determination of the degradation products of fenspiride hydrochloride found in oral liquid formulations
Authors: Cioroiu Bogdan I. , Caba Ioana C. , Prisăcaru Irina , Cioroiu Mona E. , Lazar Mihai I. , Niculaua Marius 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFenspiride hydrochloride (FNS) is used in treating chronic inflammatory diseases, most commonly as a liquid oral solution. FNS produces degradation products along with fenspiride N‐oxide (FNO) and 1‐phenylethyl‐4‐hydroxy‐4‐aminomethyl piperidine hydrochloride (PHAP). We aimed to develop and validate a chromatographic method in order to identify the main degradation products in the presence of other compounds from a liquid preparation. The method used a dual gradient using two buffer solutions: the first with pH 4.5 (buffer 1, pH 4.5–MeOH 90:10%, v/v) and the second with pH 2.9 (buffer 2, pH 2.9–acetronitrile–methanol, 65:15:10%, v/v/v). As mentioned, there was a modification of the organic mixture, starting with 10% methanol and ending with a mixture of acetonitrile–methanol (15:10%, v/v). The flow‐rate was 1.5 mL/min. According to the elution program, experimental conditions started with 100% solution S1, which decreased to 0% and, simultaneously, solution S2 increased to 100% during the first 10 min and was maintained for a further 5 min. After 15 min, initial conditions were re‐established. The linearity interval was 0.5–2 μg/mL and the minimum correlation coefficient was 0.999. The recovery factor was 100.47–103.17% and the limit of quantification was 0.19–0.332 μg/mL. Intra‐day maximum precision was 4.08% for FNS and 2.65% for PHAP. This double‐gradient mobile phase produced good specificity in relation to the degradation products of FNS and other constituents of the oral liquid formulation. Forced degradation studies revealed other related substances that were confirmed in mass balance analyses. Degradation products were confirmed in acidic, basic and oxidative media.
Transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy (TTR‐FAP): Parameters for early diagnosis
Authors: Escolano‐Lozano Fabiola , Barreiros Ana Paula , Birklein Frank , Geber Christian 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundFamilial transthyretin amyloidosis is a life‐threatening disease presenting with sensorimotor and autonomic polyneuropathy. Delayed diagnosis has a detrimental effect on treatment and prognosis. To facilitate diagnosis, we analyzed data patterns of patients with transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy (TTR‐FAP) and compared them to polyneuropathies of different etiology for clinical and electrophysiological discriminators.MethodsTwenty‐four patients with TTR‐FAP and 48 patients with diabetic polyneuropathy (dPNP) were investigated (neurological impairment score NIS; neurological disability score NDS) in a cross‐sectional design. Both groups were matched for gender and presence of pain. Quantitative sensory testing (QST), sympathetic skin response (SSR), heart rate variability (HRV), and nerve conduction studies (NCV) were performed. Both groups were compared using univariate analysis. In a stepwise discriminant analysis, discriminators between both neuropathies were identified. These discriminators were validated comparing TTR‐FAP patients with a cohort of patients with chemotherapy‐induced polyneuropathy (CIN) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating neuropathy (CIDP).ResultsTTR‐FAP patients scored higher in NDS and NIS and had impaired cold detection (CDT, p = .024), cold–warm discrimination (TSL, p = .019) and mechanical hyperalgesia (MPT, p = .029) at the hands, SSR (upper limb, p = .022) HRV and ulnar and sural NCS (all p < .05) were more affected in TTR‐FAP. Ulnar nerve sensory NCV, CDT, and the MPT but not the other parameters discriminated TTR‐FAP from dPNP (82% of cases), from CIN (86.7%) and from CIDP (68%; only ulnar sNCV).ConclusionLow ulnar SNCV, impaired cold perception, and mechanical hyperalgesia at the hands seem to characterize TTR‐FAP and might help to differentiate from other polyneuropathies.
Familial multiple sclerosis and association with other autoimmune diseases
Authors: Pytel Vanesa , Matías‐Guiu Jordi A. , Torre‐Fuentes Laura , Montero Paloma , Gómez‐Graña Álvaro , García‐Ramos Rocío , Moreno‐Ramos Teresa , Oreja‐Guevara Celia , Fernández‐Arquero Miguel , Gómez‐Pinedo Ulises , Matías‐Guiu Jorge 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectivesAutoimmune diseases (AID) follow a complex, probably polygenic, pattern of inheritance and often cluster in families of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Our objective was to analyze family patterns and characteristics in families including more than one patient with MS.Materials and MethodsWe analyzed personal and family history of neurological, systemic, and autoimmune diseases in 84 MS patients from 40 different families. Families were classified in two groups: families with cases of MS in at least two different generations (15 families) and families in which cases of MS belonged to only one generation (25 families).ResultsThe two previously established groups presented different clinical patterns and frequency of association with another AID. In one group, the second generation displayed a higher annual relapse rate than the first generation, higher frequency of progressive forms of MS, and more patients with another AID in addition to MS. Relapsing‐remitting forms of MS (RRMS) were more frequent in the other group.ConclusionsFamilies that include more than one MS patient may show two distinct patterns. This finding seems important for the compression and analysis of genetic information on MS.
Assessment of Consumer Behavior Towards Environmental Responsibility: A Structural Equations Modeling Approach
Authors: Pawaskar Uttam Shankar , Raut Rakesh D , Gardas Bhaskar B 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis paper analyses the factors impacting consumer environmental responsibility using a structural equation modeling approach. Consumer environmental responsibility is the intention of a person to act towards remediation of environmental problems not as an individual user with economic interests but as a responsible citizen having concerns about the social and environmental wellbeing of society. Therefore, awareness of environmental problems and knowledge of remedial alternatives will help individuals to pursue their chosen action and bolster a genuine desire to act and determine the measures for alleviation of environmental challenges. The four dimensions of an environmentally responsible consumer – opinion and beliefs, willingness, awareness, and an ability to act – are analysed. During the analysis, the dimension of ‘ability to move’ is found to be critical, because it has a direct influence on the capacity of the consumer to act. This research is intended to guide policy‐ and decision‐makers of regulatory bodies in understanding consumer behavior towards improving environmental performance index. It also helps organizational managers to make their supply chains green, and competitive, which in turn improves brand image and overall organizational performance. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Development of structural analysis virtual modules for iPad application
Authors: Pena Nicolas , Chen An 
Published: December 2017

AbstractStructural Analysis is a course to study structures subjected to different loading conditions, which employs engineering mechanics, material science, and applied mathematics to determine structural deformation, internal forces, and structural support reactions. Without any lab demonstrations, students taking the course miss the opportunity to observe key visual concepts of structural analysis. To address this issue, this paper aims to develop an iPad application, iStructure, which will illustrate and teach key concepts of structural analysis and can be used as an instructional tool for instructors and learning tool for students. iStructure covers three main structural modules: beam, truss, and frame. This paper reports structural analysis methods and computer algorithms used to develop iStructure and its applications. The structural characteristics, such as structural deformation, internal force diagrams, stress and strain diagrams, and influence line are illustrated and simulated within each module using Objective‐C programming. The Frame and Truss Modules employ Matrix Structural Analysis methods for determining the conditions of the structure. The modules incorporate a modified and efficient matrix structural analysis procedure through the use of pointer addresses, which avoid developing multiple large matrices for structural analysis by using the DOF indices to develop the global partition matrix directly. This procedure provides faster computation and less memory demands, while making instant structural analysis of relatively complicated structural configurations possible. The Beam Module utilizes a predefined beam formulas method for determining the conditions of the structure. This method significantly reduces the structural analysis computation demand and is necessary for the development of the Influence Line, which requires multiple structural analyses iteration.
Biochemical Characterization and Mechanistic Analysis of the Levoglucosan Kinase from Lipomyces starkeyi
Authors: Rother Christina , Gutmann Alexander , Gudiminchi Ramakrishna , Weber Hansjörg , Lepak Alexander , Nidetzky Bernd 
Published: December 2017

AbstractLevoglucosan kinase (LGK) catalyzes the simultaneous hydrolysis and phosphorylation of levoglucosan (1,6‐anhydro‐β‐d‐glucopyranose) in the presence of Mg2+–ATP. For the Lipomyces starkeyi LGK, we show here with real‐time in situ NMR spectroscopy at 10 °C and pH 7.0 that the enzymatic reaction proceeds with inversion of anomeric stereochemistry, resulting in the formation of α‐d‐glucose‐6‐phosphate in a manner reminiscent of an inverting β‐glycoside hydrolase. Kinetic characterization revealed the Mg2+ concentration for optimum activity (20–50 mm), the apparent binding of levoglucosan (Km=180 mm) and ATP (Km=1.0 mm), as well as the inhibition by ADP (Ki=0.45 mm) and d‐glucose‐6‐phosphate (IC50=56 mm). The enzyme was highly specific for levoglucosan and exhibited weak ATPase activity in the absence of substrate. The equilibrium conversion of levoglucosan and ATP lay far on the product side, and no enzymatic back reaction from d‐glucose‐6‐phosphate and ADP was observed under a broad range of conditions. 6‐Phospho‐α‐d‐glucopyranosyl fluoride and 6‐phospho‐1,5‐anhydro‐2‐deoxy‐d‐arabino‐hex‐1‐enitol (6‐phospho‐d‐glucal) were synthesized as probes for the enzymatic mechanism but proved inactive with the enzyme in the presence of ADP. The pyranose ring flip 4C1→1C4 required for 1,6‐anhydro‐product synthesis from d‐glucose‐6‐phosphate probably presents a major thermodynamic restriction to the back reaction of the enzyme.
Green Synthesis of Rhodium Nanoparticles that are Catalytically Active in Benzene Hydrogenation and 1‐Hexene Hydroformylation
Authors: Alsalahi Waleed , Tylus Wlodzimierz , Trzeciak Anna M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractRhodium nanoparticles (Rh NPs) were prepared according to a green method based on the reduction of (acetylacetonato)dicarbonylrhodium(I), Rh(acac)(CO)2, in water at 80 °C. The nanoparticles, which were obtained without the addition of a reducing agent, were stabilized by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymers and characterized by TEM (transmission electron microscopy), XPS (X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy), and XRD (X‐ray powder diffraction) methods. The excellent catalytic activity of these Rh NPs was evidenced in the hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexane. In the presence of PPh3, Rh NPs formed a highly active system in the hydroformylation of 1‐hexene. In this system, they acted as a source of soluble rhodium species. Rh NPs were also synthesized in water using rhodium(II) acetate, Rh2(OAc)4, and rhodium(III) chloride, RhCl3, as rhodium sources, and their catalytic activity was compared with that of the rhodium precursors.
Graphene Quantum‐Dot‐Modified Hexagonal Tubular Carbon Nitride for Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Gao Yanting , Hou Feng , Hu Shan , Wu Baogang , Wang Ying , Zhang Haiqiu , Jiang Baojiang , Fu Honggang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractGraphene quantum dots were modified on hexagonal tubular carbon nitride to form a composite photocatalyst by freeze‐drying technology. With an optimum loading amount of 0.15 wt % GQDs, the composite photocatalyst exhibits an improved visible‐light photocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution (112.1 μmol h−1) that is about 9 times higher than that of bulk carbon nitride. During the photocatalytic reaction, graphene quantum dots play a photosensitizer role and an electron reservoir, which can extend the visible‐light response of the photocatalyst, decrease its band gap, and improve the separation efficiency of photoinduced electron–hole pairs. The graphene quantum dots can also absorb the long‐wavelength light and then emit the shorter wavelength light based on its upper transfer luminescence properties, which also contribute to the utilization of visible light. This finding demonstrates that the graphene quantum‐dot modification is a promising method to improve visible‐light photocatalytic activities for traditional photocatalysts.
Using Mg‐Al Mixed Oxide and Reconstructed Hydrotalcite as Basic Catalysts for Aldol Condensation of Furfural and Cyclohexanone
Authors: Kikhtyanin Oleg , Kadlec David , Velvarská Romana , Kubička David 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis study presents results on aldol condensation of furfural and cyclohexanone in presence of Mg‐Al hydrotalcite‐derived materials as solid basic catalysts at reaction temperatures from 25 to 90 °C and a cyclohexanone to furfural molar ratio of 1–10. Mg‐Al mixed oxide exhibited reasonable activity with furfural conversion of ca. 50 % after 180 min of the reaction at T=90 °C. The activity of reconstructed hydrotalcite was much higher with furfural conversion close to 100 % at short reaction times. In comparison with Mg‐Al mixed oxide, the initial reaction rate has increased 30–50 times. Under similar reaction conditions, cyclohexanone self‐condensation on HTC‐derived catalysts could not compete with aldol condensation because the former reaction was inhibited by produced water. The change in CH/F molar ratio influenced both furfural conversion and product selectivity; higher furfural content in the reaction mixture favored the second condensation step.
Some Attributes of Mn3+ Sites in Nickel‐Based Layered Double Hydroxides during Methanol Electro‐oxidation in Alkaline Media
Authors: Oliver‐Tolentino Miguel A. , Ramos‐Sánchez Guadalupe , Manzo‐Robledo Arturo , Ramírez‐Rosales Daniel , Flores‐Moreno Jorge L. , Lima Enrique , Guzmán‐Vargas Ariel 
Published: December 2017

AbstractNi‐based layered double hydroxides (LDHs), or hydrotalcite‐like materials (HTs), were synthetized through co‐precipitation at constant pH (NiAl and NiMg) and urea hydrolysis (NiMn) methods, and they were tested in the electrochemical methanol oxidation (MOR). The physicochemical properties were explored by using techniques such as X‐ray diffraction, FT‐IR spectroscopy, as well as electron paramagnetic resonance. In addition, correlation between active site arrangements and electrocatalytic activity was evidenced by density functional calculations. Specific site μ(Ni2Mn‐OH) showed the lowest proton energy removal at approximately 3.6 eV and the NiMn LDH sample containing a higher proportion of this site exhibited the best performance for the MOR process, with an enhancement factor of 5.16, which is attributed to limited deactivation of Ni during the reaction. CO2 production was detected by differential electrochemical mass spectrometry to be on the order of ten times greater than O2.
MOF‐Derived Cobalt Phosphide/Carbon Nanocubes for Selective Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes to Anilines
Authors: Yang Shuliang , Peng Li , Oveisi Emad , Bulut Safak , Sun Daniel T. , Asgari Mehrdad , Trukhina Olga , Queen Wendy L. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTransition‐metal phosphides have received tremendous attention during the past few years because they are earth‐abundant, cost‐effective, and show outstanding catalytic performance in several electrochemically driven conversions including hydrogen evolution, oxygen evolution, and water splitting. As one member of the transition‐metal phosphides, CoxP‐based materials have been widely explored as electrocatalyts; however, their application in the traditional thermal catalysis are rarely reported. In this work, cobalt phosphide/carbon nanocubes are designed and their catalytic activity for the selective hydrogenation of nitroarenes to anilines is studied. A high surface area metal‐organic framework (MOF), ZIF‐67, is infused with red phosphorous, and then pyrolysis promotes the facile production of the phosphide‐based catalysts. The resulting composite, consisting of Co2P/CNx nanocubes, is shown to exhibit excellent catalytic performance in the selective hydrogenation of nitroarenes to anilines. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing catalytic activity of a cobalt phosphide in nitroarenes hydrogenation.
Enhanced adsorption of xylenol orange from aqueous solutions by polyethylenimine‐grafted chitosan microspheres
Authors: Yu Xueqing , Jing Yingjun , Gao Hui 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTo enhance the adsorption performance, chitosan microspheres (CS–MSs) were grafted with polyethylenimine (PEI), a cationic compound with abundant amine groups. The resulting PEI‐grafted CS–MSs (PEI–CS–MSs) were used for the adsorption of xylenol orange (XO), an anionic dye. The results show that PEI–CS–MSs were in regular spherical shape without porous structure. XO molecules were adsorbed onto the amine groups of PEI–CS–MSs through electrostatic interaction. The maximum adsorption capacity of XO onto PEI–CS–MSs was 816.33 mg/g at 303 K, being much higher than that onto CS–MSs. The adsorption process could be properly described by the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic and Langmuir models. The adsorption of XO was a spontaneous process with exothermic nature. In addition, the adsorption capacity only decreased by 0.52 % after seven cycles of adsorption‐desorption, indicating the excellent reusability of PEI–CS–MSs.