bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mediating the Web as a Public Space
Authors: Ridell Seija 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAmidst the commercial hype that has come to surround the internet in recent years, there has been much excitement about the democratic promise of the net and a growing wave of various e-democracy projects. It is thought that the ICTs and the world wide web in particular will enable more direct forms of citizen participation, especially at the local level, foster reciprocal interaction between citizens and decision-makers and create new spaces for public discussion and debate.Despite the claims of interactivity, the agenda for most online democracy projects has been set and their purposes of communication defined by institutionalized and powerful actors. The disparity between the rhetoric and the reality of web-assisted democracy is bound to persist unless the compartmentalized and hierarchic practices of public communication are challenged both theoretically and in practice.This article suggests that in order to tap the democratic potential of the web, we need to address the question of genre. As genres offer the cultural interfaces through which people make sense of and use the web, like other media, bottom-up alternatives to dominant online genres are needed in order to create more citizen-oriented spaces of public communication on the web.By drawing upon an experimental project where academic research co-operated with local grassroots citizen groups and actively mediated interaction on the web across social boundaries and power hierarchies, the article aims to demonstrate the socio-cultural significance of civic web genres.
The Third-Person Effect
Authors: Johansson Bengt 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This article focuses on people’s beliefs about how other people’s political attitudes are shaped and examines how the hypothesis of a third-person effect is related to non-mediated sources of information such as personal experience and interpersonal communication. Also presented are results on the perceived impact of different media such as television, newspapers and political advertising. A representative sample of the Swedish population answered a national survey during the period November - December 2001, and the results show general support for a third-person effect. Mediated information sources and interpersonal communication are believed to influence others more than oneself. Personal experience, on the other hand, is believed to be more important for oneself than for other people, and first-person effects were found among people with a high level of education or a strong political interest. Thus, one conclusion is that people tend to believe their own picture of politics is more dependent on personal experience and that others’ political attitudes are more dependent on mass media or people in their social environment.
The Implications of Digitalization for Job Descriptions, Competencies and the Quality of Working Life
Authors: Rintala Niina , Suolanen Sanna 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Radio and television program production are being digitalized, but we are still not very familiar with the implications of digitalization for journalistic professions. A qualitative case study was conducted in order to understand how journalistic job descriptions and competencies change with digitalization and how these changes are experienced in terms of the quality of working life. The results suggest that changes in job descriptions can occur in different ways: by transferring tasks from one job description to another, by fusing two or more job descriptions or by adding new tasks to the traditional job descriptions. Changes in competencies were brought about by the digitalization of production technology, changes in job descriptions and the emergence of new media and new working practices. The job descriptions of journalists became more post-bureaucratic, whereas those of editors remained bureaucratic. Especially changes in competencies were experienced as stressful. The interviewees also experienced that the quality of the programs had decreased, at least during the early phases of digitalization.
Complexation of vanadium with amidoxime and carboxyl groups: uncovering the competitive role of vanadium in uranium extraction from seawater
Authors: Wang Cong-Zhi , Wu Qun-Yan , Lan Jian-Hui , Chai Zhi-Fang , Wu Guo-Zhong , Shi Wei-Qun 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
At present, amidoxime-based adsorbents are considered to be the most promising materials for extraction of uranium from seawater. However, the high concentrations of transition metals especially vanadium strongly compete with uranium in the sequestration process, which is extremely limited the commercial use of amidoxime-based adsorbents. In this work, the coordination modes, bonding nature, and stabilities of possible vanadium(IV) (VO2+) and (V) (VO2
+, VO3+, V5+) complexes with amidoximate (AO−), carboxyl (Ac−), glutarimidedioximate (HA−) and deprotonated glutarimidedioximate (A2−) on single and double alkyl chains (R=C13H26) are systematically explored by quantum chemical calculations. Different from the uranyl (UO2
2+) complexes, the AO− groups of the vanadium(IV) and (V) complexes prefer to coordinate as monodentate and chelate ligands, while few species with AO− groups in η2-binding mode have been observed in the vanadium complexes. Besides, the vanadium complexes are predicted to have obvious covalent metal-ligand bonds. According to thermodynamic stability analysis, all the vanadium complexes with AO−, Ac−, HA− and A2− ligands on double alkyl chains are found to be more stable than corresponding complexes with ligands on a single chain. The synergistic effect of the amidoxime and carboxyl groups can be observed in most of VO2
+ and VO3+ complexes with mixed ligands (AO−/Ac−). The vanadium(IV) and (V) complexes are more stable than the corresponding uranyl complexes, and the adsorption capability of the amidoxime-based adsorbents toward vanadium(V) ions decrease in the order of VO2
+>VO3+> V5+. The dioxovanadium cation VO2
+ is predicted to form multinuclear vanadium complex in the sequestration process, possibly resulting in higher stable VO2
+ complexes. Therefore, the higher complexation ability of the amidoxime-based adsorbents toward vanadium over uranium is probably due to the differences in the coordination modes and bonding nature. The current results might provide important clues for rational design of efficient ligands in sequestration of uranium from seawater.
Reflections of Antiquity in the Greek Education of the 20th Century
Authors: Petraki Anastasia G. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe aim of this article is to examine the educational theories and practices of ancient Greece, to investigate a few of the explicit links that the modern Greek state has made to these and to discuss some of the more implicit parallels that can be discerned in the present Greek educational system. To some extent, it will be an investigation of the contemporary traces that remain from the ancient civilisation. Furthermore, it will be examined how the Modern Greek state achieves political ends through its attempts to embody in the citizen the reconstructed values of a glorious past, while characteristics of ancient Greek educational systems, still existing in the Modern Greek educational system, will be discussed.
International Tax and Global Justice
Authors: Dagan Tsilly 
Published: February 2017

AbstractInequality, as well as the scope of the duty of justice to reduce it, has always been a central concern of political justice. Income taxation has been seen as a key tool for redistribution and the state was the arena for discussions of justice. Globalization and the tax competition it fosters among states change the context for the discussion of distributive justice. Given the state’s fading coercive power in taxation and the decreasing power of its citizenry to co-author its collective will due to global competition, we can no longer assume that justice can be realized within the parameters of the state. International tax policy in an effort to retain justice often opts for cooperation as a vehicle to support distributive justice. But cooperation among states is more than a way for them to promote their aims through bargaining. Rather, it is a way for states to regain legitimacy by sustaining their very ability to ensure the collective action of their citizens and to treat them with equal respect and concern. The traditional discussion in international taxation seems to endorse a statist position — implicitly assuming that when states bargain for a multilateral deal, justice is completely mediated by the agreement of the states. In contrast, this Article argues that such a multilateral regime intended to provide the state with fundamental legitimacy requires independent justification. Contrary to the conventional statist position, I maintain that cooperating states have a duty to ensure that the constituents of all cooperating states are not treated unjustly because of the agreement. I argue that not only cosmopolitanism but political justice too requires that a justifiable cooperative regime must improve (or at least not worsen) the welfare of the least well-off citizens in all cooperating states. I explain that cooperation alone is no guarantee of improved welfare and that certain transfer payments between rich and poor countries might be required to ensure this.
Income Inequality: Not Your Usual Suspect in Understanding the Financial Crash and Great Recession
Authors: Drennan Matthew P. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractRising income inequality was a major factor in the surge of household debt that brought on the financial crash and Great Recession. Other studies have identified rising household debt as a cause of the crash but not income inequality as a cause of the rising debt. Here the unusual rise in household debt post 1995 is documented. Econometric evidence links rising income inequality to the rise of household debt. Consumer expenditure data shows that prices of major necessities —shelter, healthcare and education—rose faster than inflation as demand by high-income households surged. In order to maintain their consumption of such necessities, lower-income households resorted to massive borrowing. Their rising debt precipitated the financial crash and Great Recession. That link was overlooked by mainstream economists because they adhere to a theory of household consumption that posits no role for income inequality.
Putting Distribution First
Authors: Hockett Robert 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIt is common for normative legal theorists, economists and other policy analysts to conduct and communicate their work mainly in maximizing terms. They take the maximization of welfare, for example, or of wealth or utility, to be primary objectives of legislation and public policy. Few if any of these theorists seem to notice, however, that any time we speak explicitly of maximizing one thing, we speak implicitly of distributing other things and of equalizing yet other things. Fewer still seem to recognize that we effectivelyTo attend systematically to this form of inter-translatability, with a view in particular to that which maximization formulations latently prescribe that we distribute and equalize, might be called “putting distribution first.” It is explicitly to recognize the fact that all law and policy are implicitly as equalizing and citizen-defining as they are aggregative and maximizing, and to trace the many salient consequences that stem from this fact. It is likewise to recognize that all law and policy treat us as equals in some respects and as non-equals in other respects. Putting distribution first by attending explicitly to these “respects” yields greater transparency about how well or poorly our laws and policies manage to identify, count, and treat us as equals in theThis Article works to lay out with care how to put distribution first in normative legal and policy analysis. The payoffs include both a workable method by which to test proposed maximization norms systematically for their normative propriety, and an attractive distributive ethic that can serve as a workable normative touchstone for legal and policy analysis. Indeed, the Article concludes, much — though not yet quite all — of our law can illuminatingly be interpreted as giving inchoate expression to just such an ethic.
What’s Law Got to Do with It? Crisis, Growth, Inequality and the Alternative Futures of Legal Thought
Authors: Lothian Tamara 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe most striking economic and political fact of the past forty years has been the dramatic increase in economic and political inequality throughout the advanced economies. This Article considers this development as an occasion to explore the contribution of contemporary law and legal thought to the problem of inequality. I focus on two main themes: the naturalization of the present institutional form of the regulated market economy, and the naturalization of the present low-energy form of democracy. I argue that in each case, the absence of structural vision in law prevents us from understanding the sources of and remedies for inequality. We must rescue the insight from the compromise and begin to develop a better way of thinking about law and the economy, if we are to understand and address the rise of inequality. Therefore, three programmatic implications are suggested in this Article regarding three domains: politics, production and finance.
Effect of Moderate- Versus High-Intensity Interval Exercise Training on Heart Rate Variability Parameters in Inactive Latin-American Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ramírez-Vélez Robinson , Tordecilla-Sanders Alejandra , Téllez-T Luis A. , Camelo-Prieto Diana , Hernández-Quiñonez Paula A. , Correa-Bautista Jorge E. , Garcia-Hermoso Antonio , Ramírez-Campillo Rodrigo , Izquierdo Mikel 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Ramírez-Vélez, R, Tordecilla-Sanders, A, Téllez-T, LA, Camelo-Prieto, D, Hernández-Quiñonez, PA, Correa-Bautista, JE, Garcia-Hermoso, A, Ramírez-Campillo, R, and Izquierdo, M. Effect of moderate- versus high-intensity interval exercise training on heart rate variability parameters in inactive Latin-American adults: a randomized clinical trial. J Strength Cond Res 34(12): 3403–3415, 2020—We investigated the effect of moderate versus high-intensity interval exercise training on the heart rate variability (HRV) indices in physically inactive adults. Twenty inactive adults were randomly allocated to receive either moderate-intensity training (MCT group) or high-intensity interval training (HIT group). The MCT group performed aerobic training at an intensity of 55–75%, which consisted of walking on a treadmill at 60–80% of the maximum heart rate (HRmax) until the expenditure of 300 kcal. The HIT group ran on a treadmill for 4 minutes at 85–95% peak HRmax and had a recovery of 4 minutes at 65% peak HRmax until the expenditure of 300 kcal. Supine resting HRV indices (time domain: SDNN = SD of normal-to-normal intervals; rMSSD = root mean square successive difference of R-R intervals and frequency domain: HFLn = high-frequency spectral power; LF = low-frequency spectral power and HF/LF ratio) were measured at baseline and 12 weeks thereafter. The SDNN changes were 3.4 (8.9) milliseconds in the MCT group and 29.1 (7.6) milliseconds in the HIT group {difference between groups 32.6 (95% confidence interval, 24.9 to 40.4 [p = 0.01])}. The LF/HFLn ratio changes were 0.19 (0.03) milliseconds in the MCT group and 0.13 (0.01) milliseconds in the HIT group (p between groups = 0.016). No significant group differences were observed for the rMSSD, HF, and LF parameters. In inactive adults, this study showed that a 12-week HIT training program could increase short-term HRV, mostly in vagally mediated indices such as SDNN and HF/LFLn ratio power. Trial registration. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02738385 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01796275, registered on March 23, 2016.
The Arcuate Nucleus: A Site of Fast Negative Feedback for Corticosterone Secretion in Male Rats
Authors: Leon-Mercado Luis , Herrera Moro Chao Daniela , Basualdo María del Carmen , Kawata Mitsuhiro , Escobar Carolina , Buijs Ruud M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractVariations in circulating corticosterone (Cort) are driven by the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), mainly via the sympathetic autonomic nervous system (ANS) directly stimulating Cort release from the adrenal gland and via corticotropin-releasing hormone targeting the adenohypophysis to release adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Cort feeds back through glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). Here we show in male Wistar rats that PVN neurons projecting to the adrenal gland do not express GRs, leaving the question of how the ANS in the PVN gets information about circulating Cort levels to control the adrenal. Since the arcuate nucleus (ARC) shows a less restrictive blood–brain barrier, expresses GRs, and projects to the PVN, we investigated whether the ARC can detect and produce fast adjustments of circulating Cort. In low Cort conditions (morning), local microdialysis in the ARC with type I GR antagonist produced a fast and sustained increase of Cort. This was not observed with a type II antagonist. At the circadian peak levels of Cort (afternoon), a type II GR antagonist, but not a type I antagonist, increased Cort levels but not ACTH levels. Antagonist infusions in the PVN did not modify circulating Cort levels, demonstrating the specificity of the ARC to give Cort negative feedback. Furthermore, type I and II GR agonists in the ARC prevented the increase of Cort after stress, demonstrating the role of the ARC as sensor to modulate Cort release. Our findings show that the ARC may be essential to sense blood levels of Cort and adapt Cort secretion depending on such conditions as stress or time of day.
Focal Solute Trapping and Global Glymphatic Pathway Impairment in a Murine Model of Multiple Microinfarcts
Authors: Wang Minghuan , Ding Fengfei , Deng SaiYue , Guo Xuequn , Wang Wei , Iliff Jeffrey J. , Nedergaard Maiken 
Published: February 2017

Microinfarcts occur commonly in the aging brain as a consequence of diffuse embolic events and are associated with the development of vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. However, the manner in which disperse microscopic lesions reduce global cognitive function and increase the risk for Alzheimer's disease is unclear. The glymphatic system, which is a brain-wide perivascular network that supports the recirculation of CSF through the brain parenchyma, facilitates the clearance of interstitial solutes including amyloid β and tau. We investigated whether glymphatic pathway function is impaired in a murine model of multiple microinfarcts induced by intraarterial injection of cholesterol crystals. The analysis showed that multiple microinfarcts markedly impaired global influx of CSF along the glymphatic pathway. Although suppression of global glymphatic function was transient, resolving within 2 weeks of injury, CSF tracers also accumulated within tissue associated with microinfarcts. The effect of diffuse microinfarcts on global glymphatic pathway function was exacerbated in the mice aged 12 months compared with the 2- to 3-month-old mice. These findings indicate that glymphatic function is focally disrupted around microinfarcts and that the aging brain is more vulnerable to this disruption than the young brain. These observations suggest that microlesions may trap proteins and other interstitial solutes within the brain parenchyma, increasing the risk of amyloid plaque formation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMicroinfarcts, small (<1 mm) ischemic lesions, are strongly associated with age-related dementia. However, how these microscopic lesions affect global cognitive function and predispose to Alzheimer's disease is unclear. The glymphatic system is a brain-wide network of channels surrounding brain blood vessels that allows CSF to exchange with interstitial fluid, clearing away cellular wastes such as amyloid β. We observed that, in mice, microinfarcts impaired global glymphatic function and solutes from the CSF became trapped in tissue associated with microinfarcts. These data suggest that small, disperse ischemic lesions can impair glymphatic function across the brain and trapping of solutes in these lesions may promote protein aggregation and neuroinflammation and eventually lead to neurodegeneration, especially in the aging brain.
Primäres malignes Melanom im Gehirn eines 7 Monate alten Schafs (Ovis aries f. domestica)
Authors: Hafner-Marx Angela , Breuer Wolfram 
Published: February 2017

ZusammenfassungVorgestellt wird ein bislang nicht beschriebener Fall eines malignen Melanoms im Gehirn eines Schafs. Ein wegen Ataxie euthanasiertes, erst 7 Monate altes, weibliches Schaf wurde pathologisch-anatomisch und histopathologisch untersucht. Sowohl das Gehirn als auch das Schädeldach waren von einem malignen Melanom infiltriert. Metastasen fanden sich in Leber und Nieren. Auch histomorphologisch zeigte das Melanom die Charakteristika einer malignen Neoplasie. Die kongenitale Ansammlung von Melanozyten in der Hirnhaut des Schafs (kongenitale Melanose) ist eine regelmäßig beobachtete Pigmentanomalie, die sich im vorliegenden Fall als Ausgangspunkt des Melanoms anbietet. Das geringe Alter des vorgestellten Tieres legt diesen Zusammenhang nahe. In Fällen von diagnostisch unklaren Erkrankungen sollte auch bei landwirtschaftlichen Nutztieren einschließlich des Schafs ein neoplastisches Geschehen differenzialdiagnostisch in Betracht gezogen werden.
Wykorzystanie środków zwrotnych na realizację inwestycji gmin w województwie małopolskim
Authors: Kik Iwona , Marona Bartłomiej , Nalepka Adam 
Published: February 2017

The main objective of this study was to identify the determinants of the choice of repayable funds to finance investments made by municipalities in Poland and to assess the use of repayable funds by the municipalities of Małopolska Province. According to the research hypothesis, urban communities more often than other types of municipalities finance their investments by repayable funds. To achieve the article’s objectives and test the hypothesis, an analysis of the subject literature and empirical research was carried out based on data from Poland’s Central Statistical Office and the Regional Chamber of Audit in Cracow. Cluster analysis was performed in order to verify the hypothesis. The objects of this study were all 182 of the municipalities in Małopolska Province.
Możliwości wykorzystania metody TVScore do oceny znakowania opakowań na przykładzie suplementów diety
Authors: Kabaja Bartłomiej 
Published: February 2017

In the light of the growing importance of product packaging in a producer’s communication with consumers, it is of the utmost importance that the information packaging is meant to convey be made as accessible as possible. The aim of this article was to introduce the TVScore method, adapt it to the conditions in Poland and implement with its use an assessment of the product labeling of chosen dietary supplements. This group was chosen for the research for several reasons, including the steady growth in sales the market has seen and the consistently low level of satisfaction consumers feel with regard to supplement packaging. Nine items were selected to evaluate the packaging of dietary supplements marketed to boost immunity to illness. The results show that the largest number of cases with labeling deemed problematic involved packaging with fonts that were too small to read and packaging with a glossy surface.