bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasticity and strength of an equiatomic and a non-equiatomic HfNbTaTiZr high entropy alloy during uniaxial loading : a molecular dynamics simulation study
Authors: Bordoloi Puja , Hazarika Manash Protim , Tripathi Ajay , Chakraborty Somendra Nath 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Understanding plasticity and strength of high entropy alloys of HfNbTaTiZr is extremely significant in building nuclear reactors, gas turbines, aerospace devices etc. Here we study an equiatomic (Hf0.20-Nb0.20-Ta0.20-Ti0.2-Zr0.20) and a non-equiatomic (Hf0.35-Nb0.20-Ta0.15-Ti0.15-Zr0.15) mixture of two alloys under uniaxial tensile loading from molecular dynamics simulations. Modified Embedded atom potential is used to model both these bcc alloys and all simulations are performed at 300 K with three different tensile strain rates–0.0002, 0.0005 and 0.001 ps−1. Radial distribution functions, bond-orientational parameters and OVITO are used to analyse the MD trajectories. At 0.001 ps−1 strain, both these alloys deform similarly, but differences are observed at 0.0005 and 0.0002 ps−1 strains. At these rates, both alloys deform elastically till 3%, thereafter they deform plastically till 15%–20% strain. Yield strengths are comparable in the elastic limit but in the plastic limit non-equiatomic alloy have higher strength. In equiatomic alloy, bcc phase transforms to fcc whereas in non-equiatomic alloy bcc phase transforms to both fcc and hcp. Formation of hcp atoms (50%) decrease the plasticity of the non-equiatomic alloy but increases its strength. We also observe that in both these alloys and at all strain rates, bcc atoms transform to fcc/hcp atoms through an intermediate amorphous like state. Local coordination and orientation of all atoms change similarly in equiatomic mixture. But in non-equiatomic mixture local orientation in Hf, Ti and Zr changes differently compared to Nb and Ta.
A simple green synthesis of carbon quantum dots from Prunus Armeniaca and their application as fluorescent probes for the selective and sensitive detection of Cd2+ metal ion
Authors: Mujahid M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study used a hydrothermal approach to synthesis carbon dots (CDs) from apricot peel, which were then used as a probe for the selective and sensitive detection of Cd2+ ions. The synthesized CDs’ surface groupings, structure, shape, biological nature, and overall size were examined using standard characterization techniques. With a quantum yield of 22.1%, these CDs showed excitation-dependent fluorescence emission. In addition, Cd2+ ions were distinguished from other metal ions by a noticeable drop in fluorescence intensity. The fluorescence probe showed a linear response ranging from 0–300 μM and a detection threshold (DT) of 0.21 μM, indicating its effectiveness for Cd2+ detection. Furthermore, the CDs demonstrated the practical application by detecting Cd2+ ion in actual water samples.
Multivariate process capability analysis for evaluating metal additive manufacturing via electron beam melting
Authors: Ameen Wadea , Alatefi Moath , Al-Ahmari Abdulrahman , Aldoukhi Murtadha , Ghaleb Atef M , Alfaify Abdullah Yahia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Electron beam melting (EBM) as one of the relatively new metal AM techniques showed promising and increasing applications. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate the quality of the EBM process using its critical quality characteristics. However, EBM and different AM process parts have many functionally or statistically correlated quality characteristics. Consequently, the quality characteristics of the EBM process should be evaluated together. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate the quality of the EBM process using a multivariate process capability index (MPCI). In this study, the dimensional accuracy in different directions is considered as a quality characteristics. The proposed methodology involves producing a large sample of small specimens of square shape using EBM technology. Three critical dimensions of the specimen in the X, Y, and Z axis are investigated as quality characteristics. The dimensions of quality characteristics are measured using a precise measurement device. The normality and stability assumptions of the collected data are investigated using skewness measure, and multivariate process control chart respectively. Then a large sample of the multivariate normal data is simulated using computer software to estimate the percent of nonconforming (PNC) from the established specification limits, which is used to estimate MPCI. Finally, the capable tolerance of the process is estimated and the sensitivity analysis of variation is investigated. The results show the capability of the EBM process under different specification limits designations. Estimating MPCI revealed that the EBM process is capable under very coarse limits only. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis showed that variation in quality characteristics data is very sensitive for MPCI estimation, especially variation in width quality characteristic.
Exploring alternative polymer materials for joint liners: a software-guided material selection
Authors: Yilmaz Galip , Gerdan Zeynep , Çolak Murat 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study explores the alternative polymer materials and selection process for joint implant liners, focusing on applying CES Selector software to identify suitable polymer materials. CES Selector provides an easy-to-use interface. It offers multiple selection methods, including boundary values and property constraints. Seven materials were excluded from the analysis, resulting in 19 potential candidates, including unconventional options like EVOH, PCTA, PESU, PI, PPA, PPC, PPSU, and PSU. The materials underwent evaluation based on key criteria, including tensile strength, Young’s modulus, compressive strength, fatigue strength, and fracture toughness. Overall, TPU exhibited a remarkable combination of high mechanical strength and adaptable Young’s modulus, making it a top contender. However, in other evaluation criteria, PI surpassed TPU, solidifying its potential as a superior choice. This systematic approach provides valuable insights for engineers and designers seeking innovative materials for joint implant liners. The study results broaden the range of materials used in implant manufacturing, providing potential alternatives that offer better long-term durability and performance.
Strategic selection of metal-cutting processes for thick steel plates using a hybrid decision methodology
Authors: Kumari Anita , Acherjee Bappa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Metal-cutting is indispensable in manufacturing, enabling precise component fabrication for industries like construction, automotive, aerospace, and shipbuilding, where accurate, efficient cutting of thick steel plates is crucial. This paper introduces a novel case study to strategically determine the optimal metal-cutting process for thick steel plates utilizing a hybrid MOORA-PSI approach. The use of the hybrid MOORA-PSI method simplifies decision-making by integrating weight assignment and ranking of alternatives. Five prominent metal-cutting processes, including oxygen flame, plasma arc, laser, wire EDM (wire electro-discharge machining), and abrasive water jet cutting, are commonly used for cutting thick steel plates, each with unique capabilities and limitations, and are considered potential alternatives. Eight evaluation criteria, capital cost, running cost, accuracy, edge quality, kerf width, maximum thickness, production flexibility, and production rate, are used to assess these metal-cutting alternatives. Wire EDM ranks as the optimal choice for cutting thick steel plates based on defined evaluation criteria, with laser cutting closely trailing, followed by oxygen flame, abrasive water jet, and plasma cutting successively. The results are validated by comparing them with those of other MCDM approaches and by conducting a Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient test, yielding consistent results. Additionally, sensitivity analysis, employing criteria weight exchange and dynamic variations in the decision-making matrix, further confirms the accuracy and reliability of the findings.
Critical review of current understanding of passive façade design in residential buildings
Authors: Lee Yilin , Ng Edward 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A systematic literature review is an objective method to critically evaluate current understanding in the field of building façades. Due to the topical nature of climate change and its impact on the design and performance of facades, the review will critically evaluate selected studies on their ability to respond to current climate (climate-responsiveness) and future climate changes. The study focuses on residential façades since a lack of research was identified for residential (64 studies) compared to commercial façades (255 studies). The study employs the PRISMA model to identify 105 relevant studies. These were analysed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current body of literature on residential façades. Common focus domains were grouped into following research clusters: aesthetics, acoustics, structure, sustainability, pathology, thermal comfort, and natural ventilation, energy efficiency and building performance. Two types of research gaps were identified, gaps by climate and building height, and authors’ self-reported gaps. Reported research gaps were grouped into 3 categories: data, methodology and theory. Quantitative building performance has been thoroughly studied. However, the impact of human behaviour, elements of future change, and climate change on building performance present research gaps which require further investigation. Moreover, only 15 studies (14.3%) were conducted for a tropical climate, and only 8 (7.6%) studies investigated high-rise buildings. High-density megacities and high-rise buildings will become more common, and mainly concentrated in tropical and subtropical regions. It is, therefore, important to research how residential façades should be designed for high-rise buildings in hot climates considering future change. The critical evaluation assesses whether and how these studies address climate change and extreme weather. Additionally, socio-economic changes are important. Land scarcity, increasing real estate values, and shrinking family size could lead to smaller flat sizes. Future work may consider the delicate balance between façade ratio, flat size, energy, cost, and comfort.
Letting Go
Authors: Kurz Demie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
How are parents in America doing? Are they “helicopter parenting,” micromanaging the lives of their children? Failing to spend enough time with their children? While Americans raise questions about today’s parents, the challenges of parenting are not well understood. Based on numerous interviews with a diverse group of mothers of teenagers and young adults, Letting Go moves beyond popular views and offers a new understanding of parenting that demonstrates the challenging situations parents must navigate today as they guide their children through adolescence and young adulthood.
Parents are expected to supervise the lives of their teens on an ongoing basis and ensure that they safely transition to young adulthood and on to adulthood and gain the credentials they need to succeed in an era when reaching adulthood has become more demanding. At the same time, parents must pull back and “let go” so their teens and young adults learn to take more responsibility for their lives. The negotiations with teens and young adults over control, trust, and letting go that mothers describe in this book offer an invaluable portrayal of the uncertainties and questions that underlie the day-to-day lives of contemporary parents.
At a time when the transition to adulthood has become longer and more challenging, Letting Go offers a nuanced, candid portrayal of the real dilemmas parents face at this time, the deeply emotional dynamics involved in raising adolescents and young adults, and the ways social policy can play a key role in helping young people ultimately succeed.
Promoting School Success and Preparing for Postsecondary Education
Authors: Kurz Demie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Chapter 4 explores the challenges mothers face in supporting their teens’ education. Mothers feel tremendous responsibility for ensuring that their teens succeed in school. They monitor teens’ progress in school, talk with their teens about assignments and deadlines, help them with school-related problems, attend parent-teacher meetings, and meet with teachers to learn of their teens’ progress in school. They provide encouragement for teens, help with their schoolwork as appropriate, and emotional support for teens who feel stress over their schoolwork. At the same time, mothers pull back and urge their teens to take responsibility for their schoolwork. Pulling back and letting go of some of their involvement in teens’ schoolwork can be challenging, as the stakes for successfully completing secondary school and obtaining some type of further education are high. Mothers feel they cannot let their teens fall behind. In the current era, the successful completion of high school and college is essential for achieving an adequate standard of living in adulthood.
Genome-wide analysis of flavonoid biosynthetic genes in Musaceae (Ensete, Musella, and Musa species) reveals amplification of flavonoid 3ʹ,5ʹ-hydroxylase
Authors: Cui Dongli , Xiong Gui , Ye Lyuhan , Gornall Richard , Wang Ziwei , Heslop-Harrison Pat , Liu Qing 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Flavonoids in Musaceae are involved in pigmentation and stress responses, including cold resistance, and are a component of the healthy human diet. Identification and analysis of the sequence and copy number of flavonoid biosynthetic genes are valuable for understanding the nature and diversity of flavonoid evolution in Musaceae species. In this study, we identified 71–80 flavonoid biosynthetic genes in chromosome-scale genome sequence assemblies of Musaceae, including those of Ensete glaucum, Musella lasiocarpa, Musa beccarii, M. acuminata, M. balbisiana and M. schizocarpa, checking annotations with BLAST and determining the presence of conserved domains. The number of genes increased through segmental duplication and tandem duplication. Orthologues of both structural and regulatory genes in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway are highly conserved across Musaceae. The flavonoid 3ʹ,5ʹ-hydroxylase gene F3ʹ5ʹH was amplified in Musaceae and ginger compared with grasses (rice, Brachypodium, Avena longiglumis, and sorghum). One group of genes from this gene family amplified near the centromere of chromosome 2 in the x = 11 Musaceae species. Flavonoid biosynthetic genes displayed few consistent responses in the yellow and red bracts of Musella lasiocarpa when subjected to low temperatures. The expression levels of MlDFR2/3 (dihydroflavonol reductase) increased while MlLAR (leucoanthocyanidin reductase) was reduced by half. Overall, the results establish the range of diversity in both sequence and copy number of flavonoid biosynthetic genes during evolution of Musaceae. The combination of allelic variants of genes, changes in their copy numbers, and variation in transcription factors with the modulation of expression under cold treatments and between genotypes with contrasting bract-colours suggests the variation may be exploited in plant breeding programmes, particularly for improvement of stress-resistance in the banana crop.
Evaluating GPT and BERT models for protein–protein interaction identification in biomedical text
Authors: Rehana Hasin , Çam Nur Bengisu , Basmaci Mert , Zheng Jie , Jemiyo Christianah , He Yongqun , Özgür Arzucan , Hur Junguk 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Detecting protein–protein interactions (PPIs) is crucial for understanding genetic mechanisms, disease pathogenesis, and drug design. As biomedical literature continues to grow rapidly, there is an increasing need for automated and accurate extraction of these interactions to facilitate scientific discovery. Pretrained language models, such as generative pretrained transformers and bidirectional encoder representations from transformers, have shown promising results in natural language processing tasks.

Results
We evaluated the performance of PPI identification using multiple transformer-based models across three manually curated gold-standard corpora: Learning Language in Logic with 164 interactions in 77 sentences, Human Protein Reference Database with 163 interactions in 145 sentences, and Interaction Extraction Performance Assessment with 335 interactions in 486 sentences. Models based on bidirectional encoder representations achieved the best overall performance, with BioBERT achieving the highest recall of 91.95% and F1 score of 86.84% on the Learning Language in Logic dataset. Despite not being explicitly trained for biomedical texts, GPT-4 showed commendable performance, comparable to the bidirectional encoder models. Specifically, GPT-4 achieved the highest precision of 88.37%, a recall of 85.14%, and an F1 score of 86.49% on the same dataset. These results suggest that GPT-4 can effectively detect protein interactions from text, offering valuable applications in mining biomedical literature.

Availability and implementation
The source code and datasets used in this study are available at https://github.com/hurlab/PPI-GPT-BERT.
Feature selection by replicate reproducibility and non-redundancy
Authors: Capraz Tümay , Huber Wolfgang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Motivation
A fundamental step in many analyses of high-dimensional data is dimension reduction. Two basic approaches are introduction of new synthetic coordinates and selection of extant features. Advantages of the latter include interpretability, simplicity, transferability, and modularity. A common criterion for unsupervized feature selection is variance or dynamic range. However, in practice, it can occur that high-variance features are noisy, that important features have low variance, or that variances are simply not comparable across features because they are measured in unrelated numeric scales or physical units. Moreover, users may want to include measures of signal-to-noise ratio and non-redundancy into feature selection.

Results
Here, we introduce the RNR algorithm, which selects features based on (i) the reproducibility of their signal across replicates and (ii) their non-redundancy, measured by linear dependence. It takes as input a typically large set of features measured on a collection of objects with two or more replicates per object. It returns an ordered list of features, i1,i2,…,ik, where feature i1 is the one with the highest reproducibility across replicates, i2 that with the highest reproducibility across replicates after projecting out the dimension spanned by i1, and so on. Applications to microscopy-based imaging of cells and proteomics highlight benefits of the approach.

Availability and implementation
The RNR method is available via Bioconductor (Huber W, Carey VJ, Gentleman R et al. (Orchestrating high-throughput genomic analysis with bioconductor. Nat Methods 2015;12:115–21.) in the R package FeatSeekR. Its source code is also available at https://github.com/tcapraz/FeatSeekR under the GPL-3 open source license.
A Three-Year Comparison of Global Social Worker Working Conditions
Authors: Ravalier Jermaine M , McFadden Paula , Jones David , Truell Rory 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Social workers play a vital role in the lives of some of the most vulnerable people around the world. However, evidence increasingly shows that social workers across the world are exposed to chronically difficult working conditions. This study seeks to outline the influence of working conditions on well-being of social workers worldwide, and compare whether working conditions and well-being changed across a three-year period via a two-phase cross-sectional survey. The survey aimed to measure these working conditions and well-being at a national level across the world. Results demonstrated significant differences in six of seven conditions measured, with each of demands, control, role understanding, change communication and psychological well-being worsening across time. These changes were particularly mirrored in European social workers. However, North American social work respondents saw improvements in role understanding and relationships with colleagues. Policy makers, professional organisations and employers need to pay attention to these findings and consider methods to be undertaken which can improve on these findings, because without improvements we will see declining working conditions and well-being in the sector, with all of the knock-on effects on vulnerable individuals and families that go along with the decline.
How to make a shared decision with older persons for end-stage kidney disease treatment: the added value of geronto-nephrology
Authors: Guerville Florent , Pépin Marion , Garnier-Crussard Antoine , Beuscart Jean-Baptiste , Citarda Salvatore , Hocine Aldjia , Villain Cédric , Tannou Thomas 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Improving care for older people with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) requires the adaptation of standards to meet their needs. This may be complex due to their heterogeneity in terms of multimorbidity, frailty, cognitive decline and healthcare priorities. As benefits and risks are uncertain for these persons, choosing an appropriate treatment is a daily challenge for nephrologists. In this narrative review, we aimed to describe the issues associated with healthcare for older people, with a specific focus on decision-making processes; apply these concepts to the context of ESKD; identify components and modalities of shared decision-making and suggest means to improve care pathways. To this end, we propose a geronto-nephrology dynamic, described here as the necessary collaboration between these specialties. Underscoring gaps in the current evidence in this field led us to suggest priority research orientations.