bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimisation of ex vivo memory B cell expansion/differentiation for interrogation of rare peripheral memory B cell subset responses
Authors: Muir Luke , McKay Paul F. , Petrova Velislava N. , Klymenko Oleksiy V. , Kratochvil Sven , Pinder Christopher L. , Kellam Paul , Shattock Robin J. 
Published: October 2017

Background:Human memory B cells play a vital role in the long-term protection of the host from pathogenic re-challenge. In recent years the importance of a number of different memory B cell subsets that can be formed in response to vaccination or infection has started to become clear. To study memory B cell responses, cells can be culturedex vivo,allowing for an increase in cell number and activation of these quiescent cells, providing sufficient quantities of each memory subset to enable full investigation of functionality. However, despite numerous papers being published demonstrating bulk memory B cell culture, we could find no literature on optimised conditions for the study of memory B cell subsets, such as IgM+memory B cells.Methods:Following a literature review, we carried out a large screen of memory B cell expansion conditions to identify the combination that induced the highest levels of memory B cell expansion. We subsequently used a novel Design of Experiments approach to finely tune the optimal memory B cell expansion and differentiation conditions for human memory B cell subsets. Finally, we characterised the resultant memory B cell subpopulations by IgH sequencing and flow cytometry.Results:The application of specific optimised conditions induce multiple rounds of memory B cell proliferation equally across Ig isotypes, differentiation of memory B cells to antibody secreting cells, and importantly do not alter the Ig genotype of the stimulated cells. Conclusions:Overall, our data identify a memory B cell culture system that offers a robust platform for investigating the functionality of rare memory B cell subsets to infection and/or vaccination.
Super Bowl Ads
Authors: Hartmann Wesley R. , Klapper Daniel 
Published: October 2017

We explore the effects of television advertising in the setting of the National Football League’s Super Bowl telecast. The Super Bowl is well suited for evaluating advertising because viewers pay attention to the ads, more than 40% of households watch the game, and variation in ad exposures is exogenous because a brand cannot choose how many impressions it receives in each market. Viewership is primarily determined based on local preferences for watching the two competing teams. We combine Super Bowl ratings data with weekly sales data in the beer and soda categories to document three primary findings about advertising. First, the relationship between Super Bowl viewership and sales in the week leading up to the game reveals the brands customers buy to consume during the game. We find some brands are consumed while watching the game while others are not, but this is unrelated to whether a brand ever advertised during the Super Bowl or advertises in a specific year. This rejects the theory that advertising works by serving as a complement to brand consumption. Second, we find that post–Super Bowl sales effects of ad viewership are concentrated in weeks with subsequent sporting events. This suggests Super Bowl advertising builds a complementarity between the brand and sports viewership more broadly. Finally, we collect data on National Collegiate Athletic Association basketball tournament viewership to test this theory and find that the complementarity between a brand’s sales and viewership of the tournament is enhanced by Super Bowl ad viewership. Together, these findings identify advertising as a determinant of why some brands outperform others for particular consumption occasions such as sports viewership. Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2017.1055 .
OM Forum—Causal Inference Models in Operations Management
Authors: Ho Teck-Hua , Lim Noah , Reza Sadat , Xia Xiaoyu 
Published: October 2017

Operations management (OM) researchers have traditionally focused on developing normative mathematical models that prescribe what managers and firms should do. Recently, there has been increased interest in understanding what managers and firms actually do and the factors that drive these decisions. To advance this understanding, empirical investigation using causal inference models is critical. However, in many contexts, the ability to obtain causal inferences is fraught with the challenges of endogeneity and selection bias. This paper describes five empirical tools that have been widely used in economics to address these challenges and how they can be adopted by OM researchers. We also present an example that illustrates how the various attributes of big data—variety, velocity, and volume—can be useful in addressing the endogeneity bias.The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0659 .
IMPLIKASI KEBIJAKAN MORATORIUM TERHADAP SEKTOR PERIKANAN DI BITUNG
Authors: Rahmayanti Atika Zahra , Cahyono Bintang Dwitya , Nadjib Mochammad 
Published: October 2017

<p>Kebijakan moratorium sebagai salah satu gebrakan dalam Pemerintahan Jokowi – JK, memiliki dua sisi mata koin. Pada satu sisi, kebijakan ini menguntungkan bagi nelayan kapal kecil dimana <em>fishing ground</em> menjadi lebih dekat dan ikan relatif lebih mudah didapat sehingga biaya operasional terutama untuk bahan bakar dan perbekalan berlayar dapat ditekan. Tentu saja kondisi tersebut menunjukkan peningkatan dari segi kesejahteraan nelayan.</p><p>Di sisi lain, bagi unit usaha pengolahan ikan (UPI), kebijakan moratorium membuat operasionalisasi perusahaan terganggu. Pasalnya <em>supply </em>bahan baku menjadi berkurang drastis akibat larangan operasi bagi kapal di atas 30 GT dan kapal <em>eks</em> asing. Dengan tidak adanya bahan baku yang diproses, otomatis banyak pekerja yang di rumahkan. Terlebih lagi banyak kapal-kapal besar yang akhirnya terbengkalai akibat tidak bisa beroperasi dan satu UPI di Bitung mengalami gulung tikar. Sebagai jawaban atas gejolak tersebut, akhir Bulan April, Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikana memberlakukan skema kebijakan penangkapan ikan dalam satu kesatuan operasional. Kebijakan ini tertuang dalam Perdirjen PT No.1/Per-DJPT/2016. Kebijakan ini merupakan solusi untuk menjawab kebutuhan UPI di Bitung. Artikel ini bersumber dari penelitian, Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Kelautan dan Perikanan Dalam Konteks Global: Infrastruktur Pendukung Peningkatan Daya Saing Sektor Perikanan”. Metode yang digunakan merupakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data secara primer maupun sekunder. Implikasi kebijakan moratorium menimbulkan efek langsung baik bagi nelayan, pelaku usaha (UPI) maupun kondisi di Pelabuhan Perikanan Bitung. Namun kebijakan ini merupakan salah satu cara untuk mewujudkan kedaulatan maritim dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan nelayan kecil.</p>
Editorial to Special Interview Issue
Authors: Totev Borimir 
Published: October 2017

It has been both a great challenge and an incredible honour to work on SLOVO Journal during such a thriving year for our awareness of Russian history and culture, marking the centenary of the Russian Revolution, but also a year that has tested the academic community’s ability to come together and defend its right to academic freedom. In the past year, we have produced two pronounced issues under VOL. 29 of SLOVO Journal, concentrating on the publication of interdisciplinary academic work of the highest standard. As an exclusively self-managed postgraduate project, and a unique part of the UCL Press family, we continue to provide some of the freshest insight into the Russian, East &amp; Central European and Eurasian regions to our global readership. I’d like to repeatedly thank this year’s Editorial Board and the School of Slavonic and East European Studies for the precious amounts of time and dedication offered to SLOVO Journal.
Read full text here.
Interview with Prof. Alena Ledeneva: Thriving on the Fringe
Authors: Ledeneva Alena 
Published: October 2017

INTERNATIONALLY RENOWNED EXPERT ON INFORMAL GOVERNANCE IN RUSSIA, PROFESSOR ALENA LEDENEVA, IN CONVERSATION WITH SLOVO’S EXECUTIVE EDITOR BORIMIR TOTEV.
Alena Ledeneva is a Professor of Politics and Society at the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University College London. Her research interests include corruption, informal economy, economic crime, informal practices in corporate governance, and role of networks and patron-client relationships in Russia and around the globe. Her books ‘Russia's Economy of Favours: Blat, Networking, and Informal Exchange’ (Cambridge University Press, 1998), ‘How Russia Really Works: Informal Practices in the 1990s’ (Cornell University Press, 2006), and ‘Can Russia Modernize? Sistema, Power Networks and Informal Governance’ (Cambridge University Press, 2013) have become must-read sources in Russian studies and social sciences. She received her PhD in Social and Political Theory from Cambridge University. Currently, she is the pillar leader of the multi-partner ANTICORRP.eu research project and also works on the Global Encyclopaedia of Informality, The Global Informality Project, and the FRINGE CENTRE: Centre for the Study of Social and Cultural Complexity.
Read full text here.
Interview with Prof. Jan Kubik: The FATIGUE Project
Authors: Kubik Jan 
Published: October 2017

SCIENTIST-IN-CHARGE AND MANAGING DIRECTOR OF THE FATIGUE PROJECT, PROFESSOR JAN KUBIK, IN CONVERSATION WITH SLOVO’S EXECUTIVE EDITOR BORIMIR TOTEV.
Prof. Jan Kubik was the Director of the School of Slavonic and East European Studies between January 2015 and August 2017, as well as Pro-Vice Provost for Europe at University College London. Kubik works on the interplay between power (politics) and culture, protest politics and social movements, and post-communist transformations. He also writes about qualitative methods in the social sciences. His first and one of the most recent books, ‘The Power of Symbols against the Symbols of Power’ (Penn State Press) and ‘Anthropology and Political Science’ (Berghahn, with Myron Aronoff) are the best exemplifications of his approach. Kubik studies politics and culture comparatively, but the principal source of his observations and data are Poland and East Central Europe. Since 1991 he has taught in the Department of Political Science at Rutgers University, where he once served as the Chair. He has lectured around the world and has held several prestigious teaching posts and fellowships, including the Graduate School of Social Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences.
Read full text here.
Effects of South African Silica Sand Properties on the Strength Development and Collapsibility of Single Component Sodium Silicate Binders
Authors: Banganayi F.C , Nyembwe K , Polzin H 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
This study shows the results of the investigation of the strength performance, and residual strength of a single component inorganic binder system Cast Clean S27®. The study was conducted using three different foundry sand sources in South Africa. Sample A is an alluvial coastal sample, sample B is an alluvial riverbed sample and Sample C is a blasted sample from a consolidated quartzite rock. The binder was also cured using three different curing mechanisms. The aim of the investigation was to determine the variation of strength performance and residual strength between the different South African sand sources based upon the physical and chemical properties of the sand sources. The moulding sand was prepared using three possible curing mechanisms which are carbon dioxide curing, ester curing and heat curing. The strength measurements were determined by bending strength. Sample A and sample C sand had good strength development. Sample B sand had inferior strength development and excellent high temperature residual strength. The study showed that the single component inorganic binders have good strength development and low residual strength. The silica sand properties have major contributing factors on both strength development and residual strength. The degree of influence of silica sand properties on strength performance and residual strength is dependent on the time of curing and method of curing.
Application of Modified Cores for Grain Refinement in Castings of Aircraft Turbine Blades
Authors: Binczyk F. , Cwajna J. , Gradoń P. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Paper presents the results of research on modified surface grain refinement method used in investment casting of hollow, thin-walled parts made of nickel based superalloys. In the current technology, the refining inoculant is applied to the surface of the wax pattern and then, it is transferred to the ceramic mould surface during dewaxing. Because of its chemical activity the inoculant may react with the liquid metal which can cause defects on the external surface of the cast part. The method proposed in the paper aims to reduce the risk of external surface defects by applying the grain refiner only to the ceramic core which shapes the internal surface of the hollow casting. In case of thin-walled parts the grain refinement effect is visible throughout the thickness of the walls. The method is meant to be used when internal surface finish is less important, like for example, aircraft engine turbine blades, where the hollowing of the cast is mainly used to lower the weight and aid in cooling during operation.
Discussion on Usability of the Niyama Criterion for Porosity Predicting in Cast Iron Castings
Authors: Ignaszak Z. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The paper refers to previous publications of the author, focused on criteria of casting feeding, including the thermal criterion proposed by Niyama. On the basis of this criterion, present in the post-processing of practically all the simulation codes, danger of casting compactness (in the sense of soundness) in form of a microporosity, caused by the shrinkage phenomena, is predicted. The vast majority of publications in this field concerns shrinkage and feeding phenomena in the cast steel castings – these are the alloys, in which parallel expansion phenomenon does not occur as in the cast irons (graphite crystallization). The paper, basing on the simulation-experimental studies, presents problems of usability of a classic, definition-based approach to the Niyama criterion for the cast iron castings, especially of greater massiveness, for prediction of presence of zones of dispersed porosity, with relation to predictions of the shrinkage type defects. The graphite expansion and its influence on shrinkage compensation during solidification of eutectic is also discussed.
Modelling Reliability of Henhouse Microclimate Systems with Risk Analysis Approaches
Authors: Napiórkowski Jerzy , Gonera Jarosław 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The paper presents the issue of modelling reliability of microclimate. It is very important to conduct the risk analysis in poultry farms in order to indicate the most dangerous elements of the discussed system in the aspect of maintaining usefulness. The main objective of the paper was to carry out the risk analysis for the system that maintains microclimate in a poultry farm. It was assumed in the paper that the ventilation system influences maintaining microclimate in a henhouse. Simultaneously, the most effective methods of risk reduction are indicated and a rational assessment of the safety level is made. Studies carried out in the paper enabled identification of the risk analysis approach which the best reflects the issue of maintaining technical equipment devices in operation. With the use of the matrix, the indicator and probabilistic approach, the exploitation risk related to the occurrence of previously defined failures of the henhouse ventilation system was assessed. Based on the results of analysis, a conclusion could have been made that concurrent results were obtained with the use of the matrix and probabilistic approaches. In these cases, for all failures the highest and the lowest exploitation risks of occurrence of certain failures in the ventilation system in a henhouse were the same.
Technical and Economic Analysis of Use of Post-Treatment Water as a Source of Heat for Heating Water in Breeding Tanks
Authors: Romański Leszek , Bieniek Jerzy , Bukowski Przemysław , Kobel Przemysław , Szuk Tomasz 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The paper presents a recommendation on how to use waste heat of post-treatment water in the balneological institute in Lądek Zdrój health resort. This heat may be used in stenothermal fish big scale breeding. The presented innovative solution of a technological breeding line of African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) has not been carried out in practice yet and except for ecological values, it may soon bring real profits. The presented calculations show that the analysed technology may bring a real return of the incurred investment expenditures after approx. 6.5 years from the moment the production was launched. The calculated internal return rate is 14.25% and considerably exceeds the border rate (4%). As it was shown, there is an additional possibility of improvement of this profitability through the use of funding as a part of the Operational Programme Fisheries and Sea 2014-2020. Then, at the funding of investment in the amount of 50% of qualified costs IRR will increase to 25.03%. The period of capital return will decrease to approximately 3.5 years.
Multicriteria Fuzzy Sets Application in Economic Clustering Problems
Authors: Radeva Irina 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
This paper presents an approach for small and medium-sized enterprises selection in economic clusters, where the problem of integration is defined as “ill structured under condition of uncertainty”. The proposed solution demonstrates applying several fuzzy multi-criteria decision making algorithms along with discussion over specific input data requirements. The results are compared with classical multi-criteria decision-making algorithm PROMETHEE II.
Energy Efficient Resource Allocation for Virtual Services Based on Heterogeneous Shared Hosting Platforms in Cloud Computing
Authors: Nhut Pham Nguyen Minh , Le Van Son , Nguyen Ha Huy Cuong 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
This paper is an extended and updated version, presented at the INDIA 2017 conference. Optimal resource provisioning for virtual services in the Cloud computing is one of the concerns nowadays. For cloud computing service providers, reducing the number of physical machines providing resources for virtual services in cloud computing is one of the efficient ways to reduce the amount of energy consumption, which in turn enhances the performance of data centers. Multi-dimensional resource provisioning on a Heterogeneous Shared Hosting Platforms for virtual services is known as a NP-hard problem. Therefore, it is necessary to apply the metaheuristic algorithms for estimating the outcome of the problem. In this study, we propose the resource allocation problem for reducing the energy consumption. ECRA-SA algorithms were designed to solve it and were evaluated through CloudSim simulation tool compared with FFD algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed ECRA-SA algorithm yields a better performance than FFD algorithm.
Particle Swarm Optimization Based on Smoothing Approach for Solving a Class of Bi-Level Multiobjective Programming Problem
Authors: He Qingping , Lv Yibing 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
As a metaheuristic, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has been used to solve the Bi-level Multiobjective Programming Problem (BMPP). However, in the existing solving approach based on PSO for the BMPP, the upper level and the lower level problem are solved interactively by PSO. In this paper, we present a different solving approach based on PSO for the BMPP. Firstly, we replace the lower level problem of the BMPP with Kuhn-Tucker optimality conditions and adopt the perturbed Fischer-Burmeister function to smooth the complementary conditions. After that, we adopt PSO approach to solve the smoothed multiobjective programming problem. Numerical results show that our solving approach can obtain the Pareto optimal front of the BMPP efficiently.
Bi-Level Model for Public Rail Transportation under Incomplete Data
Authors: Pavlova Kristina , Stoilov Todor , Stoilova Krasimira 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe increase of the utilization of public rail transportations is searched in directions for redistribution of the passenger travels between rail and bus transportation. The rail transport benefits by redistribution of the transportation flows on paths, predominantly supported by rails. The redistribution of the transportation is formalized by bi-level optimization problem. The upper level optimization estimates the maximal flow, which can be transported through a transportation network, supported both by bus and rail transports. The lower level optimization gives priority to the rail transport by decreasing the costs of flow distribution, using rail transport. This bi-level optimization problem was applied for the case of optimization of the rail exploitation in Bulgaria, defining priorities in transportation of the National transport scheme.
The Determination of Diacetyl and Acetylpropionyl in Aerosols From Electronic Smoking Devices Using Gas Chromatography Triple Quad Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Moldoveanu Serban C. , Hudson Amanda G. , Harrison Andrew 
Published: October 2017

Summary
A reliable and sensitive method for the measurement of the level of diacetyl (2,3-butanedione) and acetylpropionyl (2,3-pentanedione) in the aerosol (both the particles and the suspending gas) of electronic smoking devices (e-cigarettes) has been developed. The method uses a gas chromatographic separation on a Carbowax type column with the measurement of the analytes on a triplequadrupole mass spectrometer working in positive MRM mode. The method has been validated using standard requirements regarding selectivity, sensitivity, recovery, accuracy, and repeatability. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) for the method was determined to be 0.41 ng/mL for diacetyl and 0.21 ng/mL for acetylpropionyl as measured for standards. These values translate to an LOQ of 0.082 ng/puff for diacetyl and 0.042 ng/puff for acetylpropionyl as measured for an e-cigarette with 50 puffs placed in 10 mL acetone. The samples analyzed included collected aerosols from several e-cigarettes, and a number of liquids used in electronic cigarettes (e-liquids). 3R4F Kentucky reference cigarette was also analyzed for evaluating the accuracy of the procedure, with good agreement with data from the literature. Diacetyl and acetylpropionyl were distributed in both particulate phase and also in vapor phase. The levels of diacetyl and acetylpropionyl in particulate phase collected from 3R4F cigarettes were found to represent only about 22% for diacetyl and only 31% for acetylpropionyl, while the vapor phase for diacetyl represented 78% and for acetylpropionyl 69% of the total analyte. The levels of diacetyl and acetylpropionyl in the aerosols of most electronic smoking devices were found to be very low, with a few exceptions. The analysis of the two analytes in several e-liquids available on the market showed a very large range of levels. Some of the e-liquids from the market are likely to have diacetyl and/or acetylpropionyl intentionally added.