bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Exploratory Factor Analysis and Item Response Theory to Validate the Genomic Nursing Concept Inventory
Authors: Ward Linda D. , French Brian F. , Barbosa-Leiker Celestina , Iverson Andrew E.F. 
Published: January 2016

Background:
Genomic nursing education requires an assessment to capture understanding of genetic–genomic concepts that are critical to competent nursing practice. The Genomic Nursing Concept Inventory (GNCI) was designed for that purpose. Advanced psychometric analyses were applied to GNCI responses to assess dimensionality and item and scale functioning and to inform inventory refinement.

Method:

The 31-item GNCI was administered to baccalaureate nursing students (
N
= 758), and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was applied to explore scale dimensionality and construct validity. Item response theory was applied to explore individual item and overall scale functioning.

Results:
Unidimensionality of the GNCI was supported. Internal consistency reliability was sufficient for the intended use of the scale. Although a few items were identified for review and potential revision, evidence supports GNCI score accuracy across a wide range of genomic knowledge ability.

Conclusion:

Validity evidence provided support for the use of GNCI scores for the intended purposes. [
J Nurs Educ.
2016;55(1):9–17.]
Building Cultural Sensitivity and Interprofessional Collaboration Through a Study Abroad Experience
Authors: Gilliland Irene , Attridge Russell T. , Attridge Rebecca L. , Maize David F. , McNeill Jeanette 
Published: January 2016

Background:
Study abroad (SA) experiences for health professions students may be used to heighten cultural sensitivity to future patients and incorporate interprofessional education (IPE).

Method:
Two groups of nursing and pharmacy students participated in an SA elective over a 2-year period, traveling to China and India.

Results:
Both groups improved significantly in knowledge, awareness, and skills following the travel experiences. Student reflections indicate that the SA experience was transformative, changing their views of travel, other cultures, personal environment, collaboration with other health professionals, and themselves.

Conclusion:

Use of SA programs is a novel method to encourage IPE, with a focus on enhancing the acquisition of cultural competency skills. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2016;55(1):45–48.]
Evaluation of Total Corneal Thickness and Corneal Layers With Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: López de la Fuente Carmen , Sánchez-Cano Ana , Segura Francisco , Hospital Elvira Orduna , Pinilla Isabel 
Published: January 2016

PURPOSE:
To evaluate total corneal thickness and corneal layers in healthy young adults using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and to describe its repeatability and reproducibility.

METHODS:
Eighty-six eyes from 86 healthy volunteers were prospectively and consecutively enrolled. Manual measurements of central corneal thickness (CCT) and central thickness of epithelium, Bowman's layer, stroma, and the Descemet–endothelium complex were performed using Spectralis OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany). To assess the reliability of the repeated measurements, intraclass correlation coefficients and coefficients of variation were used.

RESULTS:

Mean CCT, epithelium, Bowman's layer, stroma, and Descemet–endothelium values were 555.50 ± 29.64, 54.60 ± 4.25, 16.70 ± 1.73, 467.51 ± 28.91, and 16.74 ± 1.66
µ
m, respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.746 (Bowman's layer) to 0.999 (CCT and stroma) and from 0.483 (Bowman's layer) to 0.995 (CCT) and 0.998 (stroma) for intraobserver repeatability and interobserver reproducibility, respectively. The measurements showed coefficients of variation lower than 11% in all cases.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study establishes a normal database for corneal thickness and all its layers in healthy young adults with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. This device exhibited a high degree of intraobserver repeatability and interobserver reproducibility for all regions except Bowman's layer.

[
J Refract Surg.
2016;32(1):27–32.]
Theoretical Effect of Lens Position and Corneal Curvature on the Near Focal Point of Multifocal Intraocular Lenses
Authors: McKee Hamish D. , Jhanji Vishal 
Published: January 2016

PURPOSE:
To determine the effect of lens position and corneal curvature on the near focal point of different multifocal intraocular lenses.

METHODS:
Near focal points for various multifocal intraocular lenses were calculated using a refractive vergence formula. Median, high, and low values for lens position and corneal curvature were used.

RESULTS:
Lens position and corneal curvature both affected the theoretical near point of multifocal intraocular lenses. The effect was more pronounced for lower power adds. There was overlap of near focal points for the different near adds of the Tecnis multifocal lenses (AMO, Abbott Park, IL) across the range of lens positions and corneal curvatures seen in a normal population.

CONCLUSIONS:
Clinicians need to be aware of the effect of lens position and corneal curvature on the near focal point of intraocular lenses.

[
J Refract Surg.
2016;32(1):64–66.]
Subclinical-Dose Endotoxin Sustains Low-Grade Inflammation and Exacerbates Steatohepatitis in High-Fat Diet–Fed Mice
Authors: Guo Honghui , Diao Na , Yuan Ruoxi , Chen Keqiang , Geng Shuo , Li Mingsong , Li Liwu 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Subclinical circulating bacterial endotoxin LPS has been implicated as an important cofactor in the development and progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that 4-wk injection with superlow-dose LPS significantly promoted neutrophil infiltration and accelerated nonalcoholic steatohepatitis progression, including exacerbated macrovesicular steatosis, inflammation, and hepatocyte ballooning in high-fat diet–fed apolipoprotein E knockout mice. This effect could sustain for a month after stoppage of LPS injection. LPS also significantly increased numbers of apoptotic nuclei in hepatocytes and expressions of proapoptotic regulators. Moreover, LPS sustained the low-grade activation of p38 MAPK and inhibited the expression of the upstream MAPK phosphatase 7. By applying selective inhibitors, we demonstrated that the activation of p38 MAPKs is required for neutrophil migration induced by superlow-dose LPS in vitro. Together, these data suggest that superlow-dose LPS may sustain the low-grade activation of p38 MAPKs and neutrophil infiltration, leading to the exacerbation of steatohepatitis.
Eotaxin-Rich Proangiogenic Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells and CCR3+ Endothelium in the Atopic Asthmatic Response
Authors: Asosingh Kewal , Vasanji Amit , Tipton Aaron , Queisser Kimberly , Wanner Nicholas , Janocha Allison , Grandon Deepa , Anand-Apte Bela , Rothenberg Marc E. , Dweik Raed , Erzurum Serpil C. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Angiogenesis is closely linked to and precedes eosinophilic infiltration in asthma. Eosinophils are recruited into the airway by chemoattractant eotaxins, which are expressed by endothelial cells, smooth muscles cells, epithelial cells, and hematopoietic cells. We hypothesized that bone marrow–derived proangiogenic progenitor cells that contain eotaxins contribute to the initiation of angiogenesis and inflammation in asthma. Whole-lung allergen challenge of atopic asthma patients revealed vascular activation occurs within hours of challenge and before airway inflammation. The eotaxin receptor CCR3 was expressed at high levels on submucosal endothelial cells in patients and a murine model of asthma. Ex vivo exposure of murine endothelial cells to eotaxins induced migration and angiogenesis. In mechanistic studies, wild-type mice transplanted with eotaxin-1/2–deficient bone marrow had markedly less angiogenesis and inflammation in an atopic asthma model, whereas adoptive transfer of proangiogenic progenitor cells from wild-type mice in an atopic asthma model into the eotaxin-1/2–deficient mice led to angiogenesis and airway inflammation. The findings indicate that Th2-promoting hematopoietic progenitor cells are rapidly recruited to the lung upon allergen exposure and release eotaxins that coordinately activate endothelial cells, angiogenesis, and airway inflammation.
Ptpn22 Modifies Regulatory T Cell Homeostasis via GITR Upregulation
Authors: Nowakowska Dominika J. , Kissler Stephan 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
PTPN22 gene variation associates with multiple autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. Loss of function studies have demonstrated that PTPN22 impinges on the homeostatic behavior of regulatory T (Treg) cells, a lineage critical for immune tolerance. The frequency and absolute number of Treg cells is increased in Ptpn22-deficient mice, but the mechanism driving this increase is unknown. In this study, we show that Ptpn22 knockdown (KD) promoted the expansion of the Treg cell compartment by upregulating the glucocorticoid-induced TNFR family–related protein (GITR) and increasing GITR signaling. Ptpn22 KD did not accelerate cell division but instead prolonged Treg cell survival, as measured by a decrease in the frequency of apoptotic Treg cells. Loss of Ptpn22 caused a concomitant increase in the proportion of CD44hiCD62Llo effector Treg cells, at the expense of CD44loCD62Lhi central Treg cells. The increase in Treg cell numbers, but not their differentiation toward an effector phenotype, was dependent on GITR signaling, because blockade of GITR ligand prevented Treg cell expansion caused by Ptpn22 KD. These findings indicate that GITR plays a key role in regulating the overall size of the Treg cell pool. Our results suggest that the size and composition of the Treg cell compartment are independently controlled and have implications for the design of immunotherapies that seek to improve Treg cell function.
Matrices: un modelo para las fotografías digitales
Authors: Domínguez Jiménez María Elena 
Published: January 2016

<p>En este trabajo se resalta la relación que existe entre dos disciplinas, aparentemente muy distintas: la fotografía digital y las matemáticas. En efecto, las imágenes digitales -que todos manejamos hoy en día- se modelizan matemáticamente como matrices. Más aún, todas las manipulaciones sobre fotografías digitales se expresan mediante operaciones matriciales. En concreto, aquí se plantea un problema de compresión de imágenes digitales, basado en la DVS (descomposición en valores singulares) que los alumnos aprenden en clase de Álgebra Lineal. De esta forma, los alumnos descubren por sí mismos algunas realidades importantes que los docentes queremos transmitirles: en primer lugar, que los conocimientos teóricos adquiridos en Álgebra Lineal tienen una aplicación directa a la tecnología que les rodea diariamente en este mundo digital; y en segundo lugar, cómo la modelización matemática es una poderosa herramienta para resolver problemas prácticos reales</p>
The Determinant of Inbound Tourism in China
Authors: Wang Huiling , Xi Junmin 
Published: January 2016

<p class="Normal1">We estimate the factors of inbound tourism in China by using a panel gravity model equation of 178 origin countries from 1995 to 2012. We find the cultural dummy variables like common language, common border and religion driving the tourism flows to China. Besides, the climate variables like annual average temperature and cloud cover play a significant factors in affecting the tourist arrivals in China. An interesting result we have found that, cloud has a positive and negative relationship in country of destination and origin respectively implying that, cloudy variable in the country of origin has a negative impact on international tourist flows in China. In the contrary, cloud variable is observed positive relation in China. </p>
Effect of Compensation, Motivation and Organizational Climate on Employee Satisfaction: Study on PT. Sumber Alfaria Trijaya Tbk. in Gedangan-Sidoarjo
Authors: Sudarno Sudarno , Priyono Priyono , Sukmaningrum Dinda 
Published: January 2016

<p>The purpose of this research is to know and examine whether their effect compensation, motivation and organizational climate on employee job satisfaction in PT. Source Alfaria Trijaya Tbk. in Gedangan-Sidoarjo.</p><p>This type of research in this study is an explanatory research and research using quantitative approach with the survey method. This study will determine the effect of pre-defined variables that explain the effect of compensation, motivation and work discipline and employee performance on office PT. Source Alfaria Trijaya Tbk. in Gedangan Sidoarjo. This research was conducted at the office of PT. Source Alfaria Trijaya Tbk. in Gedangan Sidoarjo. Total population in this study is as many as 400 people. Samples taken as many as 80 people, based on the Slovin formula with techniques proportional stratified random sampling procedure. Data collection techniques with survey method were using a questionnaire. Instruments used in collecting the data must meet two requirements, namely the validity and reliability. And the results are all valid and reliable. So that the instrument can be used in research methods analysis in this research is the analysis of descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was using the Linear Regression Analysis.</p>This research result significant influence compensation, motivation and organizational climate on job satisfaction with compensation and motivation significance value of 0.000 &gt; 0.05 and a significance value of 0.019 job satisfaction. This case shows that both variables expressed Ho rejected. It can be concluded that there is significant influence compensation, motivation and organizational climate on employee job satisfaction in PT. Source Alfaria Trijaya Tbk. in Gedangan, Sidoarjo.<p> </p>
The Dark Side of Virtual Office and Job Satisfaction
Authors: Zhang Jindan 
Published: January 2016

<p>Virtual offices have been a growing trend in today’s work environment and have been used to improve organizational performance for several decades. However, more and more companies also experience the challenges and problems brought by the use of virtual office in current years. One famous example would be the Yahoo’s decision to withdraw its work-from-home program. Therefore, the studies about the dark side of virtual office start to attract interests from researchers and practitioners. This paper aims at providing a critical view of the changes in employees’ work life due to the shift to virtual office from four perspectives: communication, social relation, achievement recognition and work-life balance. This paper also discusses the impact of such changes on employees’ quality of work life in terms of job satisfaction. This paper intends to conceptually extend the understanding of alternative working arrangements by considering the “dark side” of virtual office in employees’ work life. </p>
Hybrid tunnel junction contacts to III–nitride light-emitting diodes
Authors: Young Erin C. , Yonkee Benjamin P. , Wu Feng , Oh Sang Ho , DenBaars Steven P. , Nakamura Shuji , Speck James S. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate highly doped GaN p–n tunnel junction (TJ) contacts on III–nitride heterostructures where the active region of the device and the top p-GaN layers were grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition and highly doped n-GaN was grown by NH3 molecular beam epitaxy to form the TJ. The regrowth interface in these hybrid devices was found to have a high concentration of oxygen, which likely enhanced tunneling through the diode. For optimized regrowth, the best tunnel junction device had a total differential resistivity of 1.5 × 10−4 Ω cm2, including contact resistance. As a demonstration, a blue-light-emitting diode on a (

) GaN substrate with a hybrid tunnel junction and an n-GaN current spreading layer was fabricated and compared with a reference sample with a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) layer. The tunnel junction LED showed a lower forward operating voltage and a higher efficiency at a low current density than the TCO LED.
Influence of polymeric electron injection layers on the electrical properties of solution-processed multilayered polymer light-emitting diodes
Authors: Itoh Eiji , Kurami Kazuhiko 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this study, we fabricated multilayered polymer-based light-emitting diodes (pLEDs) with various solution-processed electron-injection layers (EILs), and investigated the influence of the EILs on the electrical properties of pLEDs in indium tin oxide (ITO)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS)/poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-(1,4-phenylene((4-sec-butylphenyl)amino)-1,4-phenylene))] (TFB) (HTL)/poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-1,4-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT) (EML)/EIL/Al structures. We have used the quaternized ammonium π-conjugated polyelectrolyte derivative (poly[(9,9-di(3,3′-N,N′-trimethylammonium)propylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(1,4-phenylene)]diiodide salt) (PF–PDTA), a mixture of PF–PDTA and CS2CO3, and the aliphatic-amine-based polymer poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) as solution-processed EILs, and compared them with LiF as a solvent-free EIL. The EILs enhanced the electron injection and improve the pLED performance. High external quantum efficiencies of nearly 4% were obtained in the pLEDs with the combination of a multilayered structure fabricated by a transfer printing technique and EILs of a PF–PDTA:CS2CO3 mixture and PEI. On the other hand, the device with PF–PDTA exhibited lower efficiency, higher driving voltage, and larger leakage current at lower voltage. The migration of ionic charges was suggested from the abnormal dielectric behaviors, and serious damage on the electrode material occurred when both an acid hole-injection layer (PEDOT:PSS) and PF–PDTA were used. On the other hand, the pLEDs with ultrathin PEI showed high performance and stable device operation in terms of the influence of ionic charges.
Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Tetrahydrocarbazoles via Cascade [3,3]‐Propargylic Rearrangement/[4+2] Cycloaddition of Vinylindoles and Propargylic Esters
Authors: Pirovano Valentina , Arpini Elisa , Dell'Acqua Monica , Vicente Rubén , Abbiati Giorgio , Rossi Elisabetta 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA gold(I)‐catalyzed cascade [3,3]‐propargylic rearrangement and [4+2] cycloaddition reaction of 2‐vinylindoles with propargylic esters is reported. The reaction leads to the synthesis of highly substituted tetrahydrocarbazole derivatives in high yields and diasteroselectivities. Furthermore, a preliminary screening for an asymmetric version of this reaction is described.magnified image
Copper(I)‐Catalysed Multicomponent Reaction: Straightforward Access to 5‐Hydroxy‐1H‐pyrrol‐2(5H)‐ones
Authors: Mardjan Muhammad Idham Darussalam , Parrain Jean‐Luc , Commeiras Laurent 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA copper‐catalysed multicomponent coupling reaction between readily available (Z)‐3‐iodoacrylic acids, terminal alkynes, and primary amines was developed to smoothly access a small library of 5‐hydroxy‐1H‐pyrrol‐2(5H)‐ones in good yields. This practical and general process was applied to a short‐steps synthesis of the natural product pulchellalactam.magnified image
Synthesis, Photophysical and Electrochemical Properties, and Self‐assembly Behavior of Two Hexaazatriphenylene Derivatives: A Single Bond Makes a Big Difference
Authors: Qian Cheng , Zhao Wei‐Hao , Tian Yuan , Jiang Guo‐Fang , Zhan Tian‐Guang , Zhao Xin 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) derivative (compound 1) that bears four n‐octyl chains and two thienyl groups was designed and synthesized. Further light‐induced oxidation coupling reaction led to thienyl‐fused compound 2. Their photophysical and electrochemical properties and self‐assembly behavior have been investigated by UV/Vis, fluorescence, and 1H NMR spectroscopies, cyclic voltammetry (CV), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD). Although the difference in compounds 1 and 2 only lie in one single bond that connects the two thienyl segments, they displayed remarkably different properties, revealing an interesting structure–property relationship.
A geoengineering approach toward tackling tropical cyclones over the Bay of Bengal
Authors: Ghosh S. , Sharma A. , Arora S. , Desouza G. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe concept of seeding giant‐sized ocean salt water aerosols in the eye‐wall of a cyclonic storm abruptly increasing cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentration is investigated. To bring this to effect, design of a novel injection mechanism – a modified naval artillery shell, tailor made for the Indian Navy fleet, containing sea‐salt solution to disperse the CCN is proposed. The effect of the seeding is modeled using a robust optimized warm rain microphysical scheme – amenable for quick local forecasts within the Weather Research and Forecast framework. The combined protocol results in a significant decrease in precipitation tendencies upon landfall.
Synthesis of Bifunctional Monomers by the Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylation of Cardanol and its Derivatives
Authors: Mgaya James E. , Bartlett Stuart A. , Mubofu Egid B. , Mgani Quintino A. , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Pogorzelec Peter J. , Cole‐Hamilton David J. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA 1,2‐bis(di‐tert‐butylphosphinomethyl)benzene‐modified palladium catalyst has been used to synthesize bifunctional monomers of different chain lengths from cardanol. Short‐chain derivatives of cardanol, such as (E)‐3‐(dodec‐8‐enyl)phenol; HOPhC12‐ene, (E)‐3‐(undec‐8‐enyl)phenol; HOPhC11‐ene, (E)‐3‐(dec‐8‐enyl)phenol; HOPhC10‐ene, and 3‐(non‐8‐enyl)phenol; HOPhC9‐ene, were synthesized by the metathesis of cardanol with symmetrical internal alkenes. These derivatives were methoxycarbonylated to produce monomers with different chain lengths such as methyl‐16‐(3‐hydroxyphenyl)hexadecanoate; HOPhC15COOMe, methyl‐13‐(3‐hydroxyphenyl)tridecanoate; HOPhC12COOMe, methyl‐12‐(3‐hydroxyphenyl)dodecanoate; HOPhC11COOMe, methyl‐11‐(3‐hydroxyphenyl)undecanoate; HOPhC10COOMe, and methyl‐10‐(3‐hydroxyphenyl)decanoate; HOPhC9COOMe, respectively. Polymerization of the synthesized monomers produced oligomers that consist of up to seven monomer units as confirmed by MALDI‐TOF‐MS. Lactone formation was also observed in some cases under polymerization conditions.
A Novel (R)‐Imine Reductase from Paenibacillus lactis for Asymmetric Reduction of 3 H‐Indoles
Authors: Li Hao , Zhang Guang‐Xiang , Li Liu‐Mei , Ou Yu‐Shi , Wang Ming‐Yang , Li Chun‐Xiu , Zheng Gao‐Wei , Xu Jian‐He 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA novel (R)‐imine reductase (PlRIR) from Paenibacillus lactis was heterologously overexpressed in Escherichia coli, purified and characterized. The purified PlRIR exhibited relatively high catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km=1.58 s−1 mm−1) towards 2,3,3‐trimethylindolenine. A panel of 3H‐indoles and 3H‐indole iodides were reduced by PlRIR to yield the corresponding products with good‐to‐excellent enantioselectivity (66–98 % ee). In addition, PlRIR also possesses good activities toward other types of imines such as pyrroline, tetrahydropyridine, and dihydroisoquinoline, indicating a reasonably broad substrate acceptance. In a 100 mg scale preparative reaction, 100 mm 2,3,3‐trimethylindolenine was converted efficiently to afford (R)‐2,3,3‐trimethylindoline with 96 % ee and 81 % yield.
De Novo Synthesis of Gold‐Nanoparticle‐Embedded, Nitrogen‐Doped Nanoporous Carbon Nanoparticles (Au@NC) with Enhanced Reduction Ability
Authors: Liao Yu‐Te , Chen Jeffrey E. , Isida Yohei , Yonezawa Tetsu , Chang Wei‐Chen , Alshehri Saad M. , Yamauchi Yusuke , Wu Kevin C.‐W. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe front cover artwork for Issue 03/2016 is provided by the National Taiwan University (Taiwan). The image shows the implantation of Au nanoparticles inside zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) derived nanoporous carbon nanoparticles by means of a de novo process. See the Communication itself at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201501020.