bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic compressive properties of porous CNT/SiC composites produced by direct matrix infiltration of CNT aerogel
Authors: Han Daoyang , Mei Hui , Farhan Shameel , Xiao Shanshan , Xia Junchao , Cheng Laifei 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCarbon nanotube‐reinforced silicon carbide composites (CNT/SiC) produced by direct infiltration of matrix into a porous CNT arrays have been demonstrated to possess a unique microstructure and excellent micro‐mechanical properties. However, the thickness of the array preforms is usually very small, typically less than 2 mm. Therefore, fabrication of macroscopic CNT/SiC composites by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) process requires that the nanoscale fillers could form macroscopic architectures with an open pore network. Here, this study reports an experimental strategy for the fabrication of SiC matrix composites reinforced by CNT based on an ice‐segregation‐induced self‐assembly (ISISA) technique. Macroscopic CNT aerogel with well‐defined macroporous network was produced by ISISA technique and was subsequently infiltrated by SiC in a CVI reactor. After five CVI cycles, the porosity of as‐fabricated composites was 11.6±0.3% and the machined specimens exhibited lamellar structure with parallel lamellaes intersected at discrete angles. By observed, there are in fact five different representative anisotropic macrostructures, the compressive strengths of these five different loading modes with respect to lamella orientation were 933±55, 619±34, 200±45, 199±21, and 297±41 MPa, respectively, and the failure mechanisms were attributed to the anisotropic nature of the macrostructures. Energy dissipation toughening mechanism at the nanoscale such as CNT pull‐out was observed and the phase composition of the fabricated materials included β‐SiC, CNT, and SiO2.
Factors Associated With Early Readmission Among Patients Discharged to Post‐Acute Care Facilities
Authors: Horney Carolyn , Capp Roberta , Boxer Rebecca , Burke Robert E. 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundOver a quarter of Medicare patients admitted to the hospital are discharged to post‐acute care (PAC) facilities, but face high rates of readmission. Timing of readmission may be an important factor in identifying both risk for and preventability of future readmissions. This study aims to define factors associated with readmission within the first week of discharge to PAC facilities following hospitalization.Design and MeasurementsThis was a secondary analysis of the 2011 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) State Inpatient Databases (SID) for California, Massachusetts, and Florida. The primary outcome was all‐cause readmission within 7 days after hospital discharge, compared to readmission on days 8–30, for patients aged 65 and older who were discharged from the hospital to a PAC facility. Predictor variables included patient, index hospitalization, and hospital characteristics; multivariable logistic regression was used to identify significant predictors of readmission within 7 days.ResultsThere were 81,173 hospital readmissions from PAC facilities in the first 30 days after hospital discharge. Patients readmitted within the first week were older, white, urban, had fewer comorbid illnesses, had a higher number of previous hospital admissions, and less commonly had Medicare as a payer. Longer index hospital length of stay (LOS) was associated with decreased risk of early readmission (OR 0.74; 95% CI 0.70–0.74 for LOS 4–7 days and 0.60; 95% CI 0.56–0.64 for LOS ≥8 days).ConclusionsShorter length of index hospital stay is associated with earlier readmission and suggests that for this comorbid, older population, a shorter hospital stay may be detrimental. Readmission after 1 week is associated with increased chronic disease burden, suggesting they may be associated with factors that are less modifiable.
Evaluation of Intra Root Canal Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Irradiation on Prosthetic Post Adherence
Authors: Quinto Jose , Amaral Marcello Magri , Francci Carlos Eduardo , Ana Patricia Aparecida , Moritz Andreas , Zezell Denise Maria 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPurposeIn clinical prosthetics procedures, including endodontics and post fixation, the presence of a smear layer can reduce the post bond strength. An Er,Cr:YSGG laser, which emits at 2780 nm, can promote a smear‐layer‐free surface due to the ablation process. Considering these aspects, the purpose of this work was to evaluate the influence of Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation using either a radial or an axial fiber tip on the bond strength of three resin cements to the fiber‐reinforced composite posts.Materials and MethodsNinety recently extracted single rooted human teeth had their root canal instrumented and were randomly distributed into nine experimental groups, in which three resin cements (total‐etching Variolink II, self‐etching Panavia F, and self‐adhesive RelyX Unicem Aplicap) and three root canal treatments (no treatment, laser irradiation using the radial fiber tip, laser irradiation using the axial fiber tip) were used. Specimens were then sectioned into three sections (cervical, middle, and apical thirds) with two slices on each section. A push‐out test was performed on each slice, and the values were recorded as MPa. The push‐out data were analyzed by a Ryan‐Joiner normality test followed by a two‐way ANOVA test and Tukey pairwise comparison. The statistical analysis was performed on each third section separately, with a 5% significance level.ResultsLaser irradiation with axial fiber tip significantly increased the post bond strength of RelyX Unicem Aplicap on middle third of specimens (p < 0.001) when compared to other root canal treatments (unlased or irradiated with radial tip). Considering the Panavia resin cement, laser irradiation with either axial or radial tips promoted a significant increase on the post bond strength of middle third when compared to unlased specimens (p < 0.001); however, laser irradiation did not influence the post bond strength of Variolink resin cement.ConclusionsThe use of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser for clinical prosthetics procedures enhances the post bond strength of Panavia and RelyX Unicem Aplicap resin cements, mainly at middle third of roots, and does not interfere with the bond strength of Variolink resin cement. For the RelyX Unicem Aplicap system, the use of axial tip is most advantageous and can be recommended for future clinical application.
Correlated patterns of genetic diversity and differentiation across an avian family
Authors: Van Doren Benjamin M. , Campagna Leonardo , Helm Barbara , Illera Juan Carlos , Lovette Irby J. , Liedvogel Miriam 
Published: March 2017

AbstractComparative studies of closely related taxa can provide insights into the evolutionary forces that shape genome evolution and the prevalence of convergent molecular evolution. We investigated patterns of genetic diversity and differentiation in stonechats (genus Saxicola), a widely distributed avian species complex with phenotypic variation in plumage, morphology and migratory behaviour, to ask whether similar genomic regions have become differentiated in independent, but closely related, taxa. We used whole‐genome pooled sequencing of 262 individuals from five taxa and found that levels of genetic diversity and divergence are strongly correlated among different stonechat taxa. We then asked whether these patterns remain correlated at deeper evolutionary scales and found that homologous genomic regions have become differentiated in stonechats and the closely related Ficedula flycatchers. Such correlation across a range of evolutionary divergence and among phylogenetically independent comparisons suggests that similar processes may be driving the differentiation of these independently evolving lineages, which in turn may be the result of intrinsic properties of particular genomic regions (e.g. areas of low recombination). Consequently, studies employing genome scans to search for areas important for reproductive isolation or adaptation should account for corresponding regions of differentiation, as these regions may not necessarily represent speciation islands or evidence of local adaptation.
Surgical retrieval of a guide wire lost during central venous catheterization in a dog
Authors: Hardy Jade M. , Lansdowne Jennifer L. , Himsel Carol A. , Freer Sean R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo report a case of successful surgical removal of a guide wire lost during central venous catheterization.Case SummaryA 28 kg, 4‐year‐old female neutered mixed breed dog presented to the primary care veterinarian with diabetic ketosis. During the process of central venous catheterization, the guide wire was accidently released and the entire length of the guide wire slipped into the jugular vein. Due to the absence of nearby interventional radiology facilities, surgical intervention was proposed. An ultrasound was used to determine that the guide wire was located in the caudal vena cava extending caudally into the right internal iliac vein. Rommel tourniquets were placed around the iliac vein cranial to the bifurcation of the common iliac vein into the external and internal iliac veins. A venotomy was performed in the right common iliac vein and the guide wire was grasped with hemostats and gently removed while alternately relaxing the cranial then caudal tourniquets. During anesthesia, ventricular premature contractions were noted that varied in frequency with the dog's positioning. Postoperative color flow Doppler ultrasound evaluation of the caudal vena cava, right common, internal and external iliac veins, and right femoral vein was normal with no evidence of thrombosis. Several days postoperative the dog's diabetic ketosis and ventricular premature contractions had resolved and color flow Doppler ultrasound evaluation was normal with no evidence of thrombosis.New or Unique information providedTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported veterinary case of loss and subsequent surgical retrieval of a central venous catheter guide wire.
Abnormal ultrasound appearance of the amniotic membranes – diagnostic and significance: a pictorial essay
Authors: Pleș Liana , Sima Romina Marina , Moisei Cristina , Moga Marius Alexandru , Dracea Laura 
Published: March 2017

The obstetrical ultrasound may identify the protrusion of the uterine surface or placental area into the amniotic cavity. The differential diagnosis of this pathology with uterine adhesions, septate uterus, circumvallate placenta, amniotic band or amniotic sheet can be sometimes difficult. The purpose of the pictorial essay is to exemplify the presence of the amniotic sheet and circumvallate placenta in routine obstetrics screening of all trimesters of pregnancy.
Cyst-to-kidney volume ratio in the sonographic diagnosis of unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney in children
Authors: Ayaz Sevin , Dilli Alper , Gültekin Salih Sinan , Ayaz Ümit Yaşar 
Published: March 2017

Aims: To evaluate the usefulness of the cyst-to-kidney volume ratio determined by ultrasonography (US) in unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) in children.Material and methods: Our study group included 21 children (average age: 431 days) with unilateral MCDK and 22 children (average age: 440 days) with unilateral grade IV hydronephrosis due to ureteropelvic junction obstruction as the control group. All the children underwent transabdominal US. In children with MCDK, we calculated cyst-to-kidney volume ratios (volume of the largest cyst/volume of the MCDK) and in the control group the volume ratios of the renal pelvis and the largest calyx (volume of the pelvis or largest calyx/volume of the ipsilateral hydronephrotic kidney). Ellipsoid formula was used to calculate kidney and pelvis volumes. Sphere volume formula was used to calculate the largest cyst and calyx volumes.Results: The mean cyst-to-kidney volume ratio (0.38±0.21) was significantly higher than the mean volume ratios of the renal pelvises (0.10±0.05) and the largest calyces (0.04±0.02) (p<0.05). There was no significant correlation between cyst-to-kidney volume ratio and the ages of the children (r=0.141, p=0.541).Conclusions: With the aid of both the qualitative sonographic criteria and the newer data that we have proposed, US is a useful tool in the initial diagnosis of MCDK and for differentiation of MCDKs from grade IV hydronephrotic kidneys in children. The cyst-tokidney volume ratio is independent of age and thus, it can be helpful in the diagnosis of unilateral MCDK at any age.
Virtual hysteroscopy: a new non invasive approach for the assessment of uterine cavity
Authors: Cossi Paulo Sergio , Werner Heron , Peixoto Alberto Borges , Martins Wellington P , Araujo Júnior Edward 
Published: March 2017

Endometrial pathology is frequent in premenopausal women and the diagnostic hysteroscopy is considered the gold standard for assessing endometrial cavity and congenital uterine anomalies. However it is an invasive and uncomfortable procedure. Saline contrast hysterosalgingography and hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography allow detailed assessment of the uterine cavity. We propose a virtual hysteroscopy from three-dimensional saline and three-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography scan data to generate a virtual reality as a new noninvasive procedure for assessing the uterine cavity in uterine congenital anomaly and endometrial pathology cases as well.
Draft Genome Sequence of Five Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Wild Deer in Japan
Authors: Asakura Hiroshi , Ikeda Tetsuya , Yamamoto Shiori , Kabeya Hidenori , Sugiyama Hiromu , Takai Shinji 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Shiga toxin-producing
Escherichia coli
(STEC) is one of the major foodborne pathogens. Having observed the wide distribution of this pathogen in wild deer, we report here the draft genome sequence of five STEC strains isolated from wild deer (
Cervus nippon yesoensis
) in Hokkaido, Japan.
Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus licheniformis Strain YNP1-TSU Isolated from Whiterock Springs in Yellowstone National Park
Authors: O'Hair Joshua A. , Li Hui , Thapa Santosh , Scholz Matthew B. , Zhou Suping 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Novel cellulolytic microorganisms can potentially influence second-generation biofuel production. This paper reports the draft genome sequence of
Bacillus licheniformis
strain YNP1-TSU, isolated from hydrothermal-vegetative microbiomes inside Yellowstone National Park. The assembled sequence contigs predicted 4,230 coding genes, 66 tRNAs, and 10 rRNAs through automated annotation.
Draft Genome Sequences of Nine Cyanobacterial Strains from Diverse Habitats
Authors: Zhu Tao , Hou Shengwei , Lu Xuefeng , Hess Wolfgang R. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
Here, we report the annotated draft genome sequences of nine different cyanobacteria, which were originally collected from different habitats, including hot springs, terrestrial, freshwater, and marine environments, and cover four of the five morphological subsections of cyanobacteria.
Genome Sequences of Two Brucella suis Strains Isolated from the Same Patient, 8 Years Apart
Authors: Viana Marcus Vinicius Canário , Wattam Alice Rebecca , Govil Batra Dhwani , Boisvert Sébastien , Brettin Thomas Scott , Frace Michael , Xia Fangfang , Azevedo Vasco , Tiller Rebekah , Hoffmaster Alex R. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Brucella suis
is a Gram-negative, facultative intracellular pathogen that has pigs as its preferred host, but it can also infect humans. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of two
B. suis
strains that were isolated from the same patient, 8 years apart.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens
USDA 122, a Nitrogen-Fixing Soybean Symbiont
Authors: Sugawara Masayuki , Tsukui Takahiro , Kaneko Takakazu , Ohtsubo Yoshiyuki , Sato Shusei , Nagata Yuji , Tsuda Masataka , Mitsui Hisayuki , Minamisawa Kiwamu 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

We report the complete genome sequence of
Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens
USDA 122, a nitrogen-fixing soybean symbiont. The genome consists of a 9.1 Mb circular chromosome, and 8,551 coding sequences (CDSs) were predicted on the genome. The sequence will provide insight into the evolution of rhizobial genome, and the symbiotic compatibility with host plants.
New Virus Genome Sequences of the Guama Serogroup (Genus
Orthobunyavirus
, Family
Bunyaviridae
), Isolated in the Brazilian Amazon Region
Authors: Carvalho Valéria L. , Nunes Márcio R. T. , Medeiros Daniele B. A. , da Silva Sandro Patroca , Lima Clayton P. S. , Inada Davi T. , Cardoso Jedson F. , Vianez João L. S. G. , Rodrigues Sueli Guerreiro , Vasconcelos Pedro F. C. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

This is the first announcement of two nearly complete viral genome sequences belonging to the Guama serogroup (genus
Orthobunyavirus
, family
Bunyaviridae
) isolated in the Brazilian Amazon region:
Mirim virus
(MIRV; BEAN7722) and
Ananindeua virus
(ANUV; BEAN109303).
Nutrient Sensing at the Plasma Membrane of Fungal Cells
Authors: Van Dijck Patrick , Brown Neil Andrew , Goldman Gustavo H. , Rutherford Julian , Xue Chaoyang , Van Zeebroeck Griet 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

To respond to the changing environment, cells must be able to sense external conditions. This is important for many processes including growth, mating, the expression of virulence factors, and several other regulatory effects. Nutrient sensing at the plasma membrane is mediated by different classes of membrane proteins that activate downstream signaling pathways: nontransporting receptors, transceptors, classical and nonclassical G-protein-coupled receptors, and the newly defined extracellular mucin receptors. Nontransporting receptors have the same structure as transport proteins, but have lost the capacity to transport while gaining a receptor function. Transceptors are transporters that also function as a receptor, because they can rapidly activate downstream signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on these four types of fungal membrane proteins. We mainly discuss the sensing mechanisms relating to sugars, ammonium, and amino acids. Mechanisms for other nutrients, such as phosphate and sulfate, are discussed briefly. Because the model yeast
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
has been the most studied, especially regarding these nutrient-sensing systems, each subsection will commence with what is known in this species.
Investigating the meaning of ‘good’ or ‘very good’ patient evaluations of care in English general practice: a mixed methods study
Authors: Burt Jenni , Newbould Jenny , Abel Gary , Elliott Marc N , Beckwith Julia , Llanwarne Nadia , Elmore Natasha , Davey Antoinette , Gibbons Chris , Campbell John , Roland Martin 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveTo examine concordance between responses to patient experience survey items evaluating doctors' interpersonal skills, and subsequent patient interview accounts of their experiences of care.DesignMixed methods study integrating data from patient questionnaires completed immediately after a video-recorded face-to-face consultation with a general practitioner (GP) and subsequent interviews with the same patients which included playback of the recording.Setting12 general practices in rural, urban and inner city locations in six areas in England.Participants50 patients (66% female, aged 19–96 years) consulting face-to-face with 32 participating GPs.Main outcome measuresPositive responses to interpersonal skills items in a postconsultation questionnaire (‘good’ and ‘very good’) were compared with experiences reported during subsequent video elicitation interview (categorised as positive, negative or neutral by independent clinical raters) when reviewing that aspect of care.ResultsWe extracted 230 textual statements from 50 interview transcripts which related to the evaluation of GPs' interpersonal skills. Raters classified 70.9% (n=163) of these statements as positive, 19.6% (n=45) neutral and 9.6% (n=22) negative. Comments made by individual patients during interviews did not always express the same sentiment as their responses to the questionnaire. Where questionnaire responses indicated that interpersonal skills were ‘very good’, 84.6% of interview statements concerning that item were classified as positive. However, where patients rated interpersonal skills as ‘good’, only 41.9% of interview statements were classified as positive, and 18.9% as negative.ConclusionsPositive responses on patient experience questionnaires can mask important negative experiences which patients describe in subsequent interviews. The interpretation of absolute patient experience scores in feedback and public reporting should be done with caution, and clinicians should not be complacent following receipt of ‘good’ feedback. Relative scores are more easily interpretable when used to compare the performance of providers.
Risk stratification of survival in injured patients with cardiopulmonary resuscitation within the first hour of arrival to trauma centre: retrospective analysis from the national trauma data bank
Authors: Ahmed Nasim , Greenberg Patricia , Johnson Victor M , Davis John Mihran 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate overall survival and associated survival factors for patients with trauma who had cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) within 1 hour after arrival to a hospital.MethodsRetrospective patient data was retrieved from the 2007–2010 edition of the US National Trauma Data Bank. Inhospital survival was the primary outcome; only patients with a known outcome were included in the analysis. Summary statistics and univariate analyses were first reported. Eighty per cent of the patients were then randomly selected and used for multivariate logistic regression analysis. The identified risk factors were further assessed for discrimination and calibration with the remaining patients with trauma using area under the curve (AUC) analysis and a Hosmer-Lemeshow test.ResultsFrom 19 310 total cases that were reviewed, only 2640 patients required CPR within 1 hour of hospital arrival and met the additional inclusion criteria. Of these patients, 2309 (87.5%) died and 331 (12.5%) survived to discharge. There were statistical differences for race (p=0.003), initial systolic BP (p<0.001), initial pulse (p<0.001), cause of injury (p<0.001), presence of head injury (p=0.02), Injury Severity Score (ISS) (p<0.001), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) total score (p<0.001) and GCS motor score (p<0.001); though not all were clinically significant. The multiple logistic regression model (AUC=0.72) identified lower ISS, higher GCS motor score, Caucasian race, American College of Surgeons (ACS) level 2 trauma designation and higher initial SBP as the most predictive of survival to hospital discharge.ConclusionApproximately 13% of patients who had CPR within an hour of arrival to a trauma centre survived their injury. Therefore, implementation of an aggressive first hour in-hospital resuscitation strategy may result in better survival outcomes for this patient population.
Numerical simulation on n-MoS2/p-Si heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Deng Quanrong , Li Yiqi , Shen Yonglong , Chen Lian , Wang Geming , Wang Shenggao 
Published: March 2017

n-MoS2/p-Si heterojunction solar cells were simulated by using Analysis of Microelectronic and Photonic Structures (AMPS-1D) software. In order to fundamentally understand the mechanism of such kind of cells, the effects of electron affinity, band gap and thickness for MoS2, as well as the donor concentration in Si layer on the devices performance were simulated and discussed in detail. The effects of defect states in Si layer and at n-MoS2/p-Si interface on the performance of devices were also simulated. It is demonstrated that two-dimensional monolayer MoS2 with the highest band gap of 1.8 eV is the optimized option for ideal devices which can give out the highest efficiency over 19.0%. Si layer with higher acceptor concentration is more likely to be recommended in achieving higher power conversion efficiency if defect level can be effectively controlled. The defect states in Si layer and at MoS2/Si interface were identified to influence the performance of the devices significantly.