bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of lipopeptide xantholysins from Pseudomonas sp. DJ15 and their insecticidal activity against Myzus persicae
Authors: Lim Da Jung , Yang Si Young , Noh Mi Young , Lee Chul Won , Kim Jin Cheol , Kim In Seon 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMyzus persicae is an important insect pest that reduces crop production worldwide. The use of pesticides for aphid control has generated much concern related to insect resistance and undesirable environmental effects. In an effort to discover new alternatives to counter M. persicae, we found that Pseudomonas isolate DJ15 produced insecticidal metabolites. To isolate the insecticidal metabolites, a cell‐free supernatant of DJ15 was extracted and subjected to bioassay‐guided chromatography. Based on the structures elucidated in instrumental analyses, the metabolites were identified as xantholysins A and B. The metabolites showed strong insecticidal activity against M. persicae with 50% mortality at levels of 13.4 and 24.6 μg/mL for xantholysins A and B, respectively. This is the first study to identify xantholysins as insecticidal metabolites against M. persicae.
Evaluation of periostin and factors associated with new bone formation in ankylosing spondylitis: Periostin may be associated with the Wnt pathway
Authors: Solmaz Dilek , Uslu Sadettin , Kozacı Didem , Karaca Neslihan , Bulbul Hale , Tarhan Emine Figen , Ozmen Mustafa , Can Gercek , Akar Servet 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivePeriostin has been shown to be involved in bone anabolism through the regulation of Wnt‐β‐catenin signaling. It may be one of the pathogenic mechanisms in syndesmophyte formation in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The aim of this study was to evaluate serum periostin levels in patients with AS and to assess relationships among biomarkers of bone formation and periostin in disease outcomes, particularly radiographic changes.MethodsNinety‐seven consecutive AS patients (78% male) and 48 healthy controls (75% male) were included in the study. Serum periostin, dickkopf‐1 (DKK‐1), sclerostin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were measured using commercially available enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kits. Disease‐related characteristics of patients were assessed using Ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score – C‐reactive protein (ASDAS‐CRP), Bath AS Disease Activity Index, Bath AS Functional Index and Bath AS metrology index. Radiographs were scored using the modified New York criteria and modified Stokes AS spinal score (mSASSS).ResultsCompared with control subjects, patients with AS had significantly lower serum levels of periostin (P < 0.001) and sclerostin (P < 0.001), but higher serum levels of VEGF (P < 0.001) and high‐sensitivity CRP (P < 0.001). Serum periostin (P = 0.005) and sclerostin levels (P = 0.016) were significantly lower in patients with very high disease activity according to ASDAS‐CRP. Current age (P = 0.009), age at symptom onset (P = 0.021) and hip joint involvement (P = 0.012) were independently associated with the development of syndesmophyte, in contrast to biomarkers of bone metabolism that we evaluated.ConclusionOur results suggest that periostin is down‐regulated in AS patients with highly active disease and may contribute to disease pathogenesis through an interaction with Wnt signaling.
Increased thalamic resting‐state connectivity as a core driver of LSD‐induced hallucinations
Authors: Müller F. , Lenz C. , Dolder P. , Lang U. , Schmidt A. , Liechti M. , Borgwardt S. 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveIt has been proposed that the thalamocortical system is an important site of action of hallucinogenic drugs and an essential component of the neural correlates of consciousness. Hallucinogenic drugs such as LSD can be used to induce profoundly altered states of consciousness, and it is thus of interest to test the effects of these drugs on this system.Method100 μg LSD was administrated orally to 20 healthy participants prior to fMRI assessment. Whole brain thalamic functional connectivity was measured using ROI‐to‐ROI and ROI‐to‐voxel approaches. Correlation analyses were used to explore relationships between thalamic connectivity to regions involved in auditory and visual hallucinations and subjective ratings on auditory and visual drug effects.ResultsLSD caused significant alterations in all dimensions of the 5D‐ASC scale and significantly increased thalamic functional connectivity to various cortical regions. Furthermore, LSD‐induced functional connectivity measures between the thalamus and the right fusiform gyrus and insula correlated significantly with subjective auditory and visual drug effects.ConclusionHallucinogenic drug effects might be provoked by facilitations of cortical excitability via thalamocortical interactions. Our findings have implications for the understanding of the mechanism of action of hallucinogenic drugs and provide further insight into the role of the 5‐HT2A‐receptor in altered states of consciousness.
Pharmacologically controlled drinking in the treatment of alcohol dependence or alcohol use disorders: a systematic review with direct and network meta‐analyses on nalmefene, naltrexone, acamprosate, baclofen and topiramate
Authors: Palpacuer Clément , Duprez Renan , Huneau Alexandre , Locher Clara , Boussageon Rémy , Laviolle Bruno , Naudet Florian 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackground and AimsPharmacologically controlled drinking in the treatment of alcohol dependence or alcohol use disorders (AUDs) is an emerging concept. Our objective was to explore the comparative effectiveness of drugs used in this indication.DesignSystematic review with direct and network meta‐analysis of double‐blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of nalmefene, naltrexone, acamprosate, baclofen or topiramate in non‐abstinent adults diagnosed with alcohol dependence or AUDs. Two independent reviewers selected published and unpublished studies on Medline, the Cochrane Library, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, contacted pharmaceutical companies, the European Medicines Agency and the Food and Drug Administration, and extracted data.SettingThirty‐two RCTs.ParticipantsA total of 6036 patients.MeasurementsThe primary outcome was total alcohol consumption (TAC). Other consumption outcomes and health outcomes were considered as secondary outcomes.FindingsNo study provided direct comparisons between drugs. A risk of incomplete outcome data was identified in 26 studies (81%) and risk of selective outcome reporting in 17 (53%). Nalmefene [standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.19, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.29, –0.10; I2 = 0%], baclofen (SMD = −1.00, 95% CI = −1.80, −0.19; one study) and topiramate (SMD = −0.77, 95% CI = −1.12, –0.42; I2 = 0%) showed superiority over placebo on TAC. No efficacy was observed for naltrexone or acamprosate. Similar results were observed for other consumption outcomes, except for baclofen (the favourable outcome on TAC was not reproduced). The number of withdrawals for safety reasons increased under nalmefene and naltrexone. No treatment demonstrated any harm reduction (no study was powered to explore health outcomes). Indirect comparisons suggested that topiramate was superior to nalmefene, naltrexone and acamprosate on consumption outcomes, but its safety profile is known to be poor.ConclusionsThere is currently no high‐grade evidence for pharmacological treatment to control drinking using nalmefene, naltrexone, acamprosate, baclofen or topiramate in patients with alcohol dependence or alcohol use disorder. Some treatments show low to medium efficacy in reducing drinking across a range of studies with a high risk of bias. None demonstrates any benefit on health outcomes.
Fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth after internal bleaching procedures
Authors: Uzunoglu Emel , Eymirli Ayhan , Uyanik Mehmet Özgür , Nagas Emre , Çehreli Zafer Cavit 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth after internal bleaching. The teeth were assigned as follows (n = 12/group); Group‐1: The pulp chamber was filled with ProRootMTA and bleached intracoronally with sodium perborate mixed with 37% carbamide peroxide gel; Group‐2: The pulp chamber was filled with ProRootMTA without bleaching; Group‐3: The pulp chamber was filled with Biodentine and bleached intracoronally as Group‐1; Group‐4: The pulp chamber was filled with Biodentine without bleaching; and Group‐5: Teeth received no intervention (control). The specimens were loaded vertically until root fracture occurred. The data were analysed with Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn tests. There was no significant difference between the fracture resistances of the experimental groups (P > 0.05). However, all experimental groups had significantly lower fracture resistance than the control group (P < 0.05). Neither the tested calcium silicate cements nor the bleaching procedures had a significant impact on fracture resistance values.
Skull of the grey heron (Ardea cinerea): Detailed investigation of the orbital region
Authors: Bavdek S. V. , Golob Z. , Janžekovič F. , Rutland C. S. , Kubale V. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryThe skull of the grey heron (Ardea cinerea) was examined with an emphasis on describing the orbital region. In the young (circa sixteen to seventeen days old) heron, the frontal bone (os frontale) and nasal bone (os nasale) comprised separate paired bones, connected by sutures (sutura interfrontalis, sutura internasalis and sutura frontonasalis plana). In adult animals, the relationship between these bones was different: the left and right frontal bone and the left and right nasal bone had grown together, and the frontal bone and nasal bone had fused into a common frontonasal bone (os frontonasale). In the ectethmoid bone (os ectethmoidale), the main components comprised of the orbital and antorbital part of the ectethmoid plate (lamina ectethmoidalis orbitalis et antorbitalis), the lateral process (processus lateralis ectethmoidalis) and the tubercle (tuberculum ectethmoidalis); the left and right ectethmoid plates were fused together to form the ectethmoid sinus (sinus ectethmoidalis) between them. In the young heron, the anatomical and functional link between the frontal and lacrimal bones did not exist yet, nor did the osseous frame of the ectethmoid‐lacrimal complex. Further research into the young heron skulls is needed. This article provides novel insights into the grey heron's orbital region.
Evaluation of Combined Extracorporeal Life Support and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy on Hemodynamic Performance and Gaseous Microemboli Handling Ability in a Simulated Neonatal ECLS System
Authors: Shank Kaitlyn R. , Profeta Elizabeth , Wang Shigang , O'Connor Christian , Kunselman Allen R. , Woitas Karl , Myers John L. , Ündar Akif 
Published: September 2017

The objective of this study was to evaluate the hemodynamic performance and gaseous microemboli (GME) handling ability of a simulated neonatal extracorporeal life support (ECLS) circuit with an in‐line continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) device. The circuit consisted of a Maquet RotaFlow centrifugal pump or HL20 roller pump, Quadrox‐iD Pediatric diffusion membrane oxygenator, 8‐Fr arterial cannula, 10‐Fr venous cannula, and Better‐Bladder (BB) with “Y” connector. A second Quadrox‐I Adult oxygenator was added postarterial cannula for GME experiments. The circuit and pseudo‐patient were primed with lactated Ringer's solution and packed human red blood cells (hematocrit 40%). All hemodynamic trials were conducted at ECLS flow rates ranging from 200 to 600 mL/min and CRRT flow rate of 75 mL/min at 36°C. Real‐time pressure and flow data were recorded with a data acquisition system and GME were detected and characterized using the Emboli Detection and Classification Quantifier System. CRRT was added at distinct locations such that blood entered CRRT between the pump and oxygenator (A), recirculated through the pump (B), or bypassed the pump (C). With the centrifugal pump, all CRRT positions had similar flow rates, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and total hemodynamic energy (THE) loss. With the roller pump, C demonstrated increased flow rates (293.2–686.4 mL/min) and increased MAP (59.4–75.5 mm Hg) (P < 0.01); B had decreased flow rates (129.7–529.7 mL/min), and MAP (34.2–45.0 mm Hg) (P < 0.01); A maintained the same when compared to without CRRT. At 600 mL/min C lost more THE (81.4%) (P < 0.01) with a larger pressure drop across the oxygenator (95.6 mm Hg) (P < 0.01) than without CRRT (78.3%; 49.1 mm Hg) (P < 0.01). C also demonstrated a poorer GME handling ability using the roller pump, with 87.1% volume and 17.8% count reduction across the circuit, compared to A and B with 99.9% volume and 65.8–72.3% count reduction. These findings suggest that, in contrast to A and B, adding CRRT at position C is unsafe and not advised for clinical use.
Respiratory morbidity was an important consequence of prematurity in the first two years after discharge in three cohorts from 1996 to 2009
Authors: Mulder Estelle E. M. , Rijken Monique , de Smet Lotte , Pauws Steffen , Lopriore Enrico , te Pas Arjan B. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAimThis study aimed to evaluate the respiratory morbidity of preterm infants in the first two years after discharge in three cohorts from 1996 to 2009.MethodsWe included infants with a gestational age from 25 + 0 to 29 + 6 weeks, who were born in 1996–1997, 2003–2004 and 2008–2009 at the Leiden University Medical Center in the Netherlands. The following parameters were recorded: bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), defined as oxygen demand or positive pressure at 36 weeks, mortality, duration of supplemental oxygen, discharge with supplemental oxygen and a nasogastric feeding tube, rehospitalisation and the use of inhaled medication.ResultsIn line with our protocols, 106, 120 and 156 infants were analysed in the three study periods and 29%, 22% and 18% were diagnosed with BPD. Respiratory morbidity did not change over time in infants with and without BPD, except for an increase in rehospitalisation for respiratory issues in infants with BPD. This decreased in infants without BPD. Respiratory morbidity occurred more frequently in infants with BPD than without BPD, but this was not statistically significant.ConclusionThis study showed that when cohorts of preterm infants were compared over time, respiratory morbidity in the first two years of life remained an important consequence after discharge.
Treatment of refractory ascites with an automated low‐flow ascites pump in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Stirnimann G. , Berg T. , Spahr L. , Zeuzem S. , McPherson S. , Lammert F. , Storni F. , Banz V. , Babatz J. , Vargas V. , Geier A. , Stallmach A. , Engelmann C. , Trepte C. , Capel J. , De Gottardi A. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryBackgroundRefractory ascites (RA) is a frequent complication of cirrhosis, requiring large volume paracentesis or placement of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPSS). The automated low‐flow ascites pump (alfapump, Sequana Medical AG, Zurich, Switzerland) is an innovative treatment option for patients with RA.AimTo assess safety and efficacy of this treatment in patients with a contraindication to TIPSS.MethodsFifty‐six patients (43 males; mean age 62 years) from centres in Germany, Switzerland, UK and Spain were included and followed for up to 24 months. Complications, device deficiencies, paracentesis frequency and patient survival were recorded.ResultsAt the time of this analysis, 3 patients completed the 24‐month observation period, monitoring of 3 was ongoing, 9 underwent liver transplantation, 17 patients were withdrawn due to serious adverse events and 23 patients died. Most frequently observed technical complication was blocking of the peritoneal catheter. Twenty‐three pump‐related reinterventions (17 patients) and 12 pump exchanges (11 patients) were required during follow‐up. The pump system was explanted in 48% of patients (in 17 patients due to serious adverse events, in 9 at the time of liver transplantation and in 1 due to recovery from RA). Median frequency of paracentesis dropped from 2.17 to 0.17 per month.ConclusionsThe alfapump can expand therapeutic options for cirrhotic patients with RA. Continuous drainage of ascites in a closed loop automated system led to significant reduction in paracentesis frequency. Technical and procedural improvements are required to reduce the rate of adverse events and reinterventions.
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01532427
Are patients with bipolar disorder and comorbid attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder more neurocognitively impaired?
Authors: Torres Imma , Sole Brisa , Corrales Montse , Jiménez Esther , Rotger Sofia , Serra‐Pla Juan Francisco , Forcada Irene , Richarte Vanesa , Mora Ester , Jacas Carlos , Gómez Nuria , Mur Maria , Colom Francesc , Vieta Eduard , Casas Miquel , Martinez‐Aran Anabel , Goikolea Jose M. , Ramos‐Quiroga Josep A. 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveResearch on neurocognitive impairment in adult patients with comorbid bipolar disorder (BD) and attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is very scarce. This study assessed the neurocognitive profile of a comorbid group (BD+ADHD) compared with that of pure BD (pBD) group, pure ADHD (pADHD) group and healthy controls (HCs).MethodsThis was a three‐site study comprising 229 subjects: 70 patients with pBD, 23 with BD+ADHD, 50 with pADHD, and 86 HCs. All patients with BD had been euthymic for at least 6 months. Neuropsychological performance was assessed using a comprehensive neurocognitive battery.ResultsOur results showed that all the clinical groups had poorer performance than the HCs in all the neurocognitive domains except for executive functions. No significant differences were observed between the pBD and BD+ADHD groups in any of the cognitive domains, with these two groups showing greater impairment than the pADHD group in executive functions and visual memory.ConclusionsOur results, although preliminary, suggest that the BD+ADHD group showed the same neurocognitive profile as pBD patients, most likely reflecting the same neurobiological basis. On the other hand, the pADHD group showed a more selective moderate impairment in attention.
Double response of glaciers in the Upper Peio Valley (Rhaetian Alps, Italy) to the Younger Dryas climatic deterioration
Authors: Baroni Carlo , Casale Stefano , Salvatore Maria Cristina , Ivy‐Ochs Susan , Christl Marcus , Carturan Luca , Seppi Roberto , Carton Alberto 
Published: September 2017

A pronounced climate reorganization characterized the Lateglacial–Holocene transition in the Northern Hemisphere. Glaciers in the Alps reacted to the last climate deterioration at the end of the Late Pleistocene leaving landscape features suitable for reconstructing Lateglacial and early Holocene history. In this context, the Upper Peio Valley in the Ortles‐Cevedale Group (Rhaetian Alps, Italy) has well‐preserved moraines of La Mare Glacier and Careser Glacier, which we used to reconstruct the glaciers' behaviour and to investigate the Lateglacial–Holocene transition. Detailed glacier reconstructions combined with 11 new 10Be exposure ages allow dating of the response of these glaciers to the Younger Dryas (YD) cold event. La Mare and Careser glaciers reacted to the YD with a double response, building two clear moraine sets. Data from La Mare Glacier indicate the first advance occurred prior to 12.3±0.7 ka (before 10.0±0.7 ka at Careser Glacier). Both glaciers then re‐advanced before 11.2±0.8 ka as dated at La Mare Glacier. This phase can be interpreted as the Egesen stadial glaciers' expression of the end of the YD. Morphometric parameters of the reconstructed phases allowed the estimation of areal and volumetric variations of the studied glaciers as well as equilibrium line altitude (ELA). ΔELA with respect to the Little Ice Age (LIA) maximum position are −225 m for La Mare Glacier and −180 m for the Careser Glacier. Although the behaviour of the two glaciers showed coherence during the Egesen stadial and the LIA, they have behaved individually since then. La Mare has lost 60% of its area, while Careser has lost 85% since the latest Pleistocene. We attribute this to the greater proportion of ice at high elevation of the La Mare Glacier, underlining the importance of bed hypsometry in glacier response.
Foraging strategies of generalist and specialist Old World nectar bats in response to temporally variable floral resources
Authors: Stewart Alyssa B. , Dudash Michele R. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractForaging theory predicts that generalist foragers should switch resources more readily, while specialist foragers should remain constant to preferred food resources. Plant‐pollinator interactions provide a convenient system to test such predictions because floral resources are often temporally patchy, thus requiring long‐lived pollinators to switch resources seasonally. Furthermore, flowering phenologies range from ‘steady‐state’ (low‐rewarding but highly reliable) to ‘big‐bang’ (high‐rewarding but ephemeral) plant species. We assessed how nectarivorous Old World bats respond to this temporally variable floral environment by examining their diets throughout the year. Over 15 months of fieldwork in southern Thailand, we simultaneously: (1) recorded the flowering phenologies of six bat‐pollinated plant taxa; and (2) assessed the diets of seven common flower‐visiting bat species. As predicted, the generalist nectarivore (Eonycteris spelaea) frequently switched diets and utilized both big‐bang and steady‐state resources, while the specialist nectarivores (Macroglossus minimus and M. sobrinus) foraged on one or two steady‐state plant species year‐round. Our results suggest that larger and faster bat species are able to fly longer distances in search of big‐bang resources, while smaller bat species rely on highly predictable food resources. This study supports the theory that generalist foragers have flexible diets, while specialist species restrict foraging to preferred floral resources even when other floral resources are more abundant. Moreover, these findings demonstrate how plant flowering phenology and pollinator diet breadth can shape the frequency and constancy of pollinator visits; we further discuss how such interactions can influence the potential extent of gene flow within a patchy floral environment.