bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic treatment with zoledronic acid increases inflammatory markers in periodontium of rats
Authors: de Barros Silva Paulo Goberlânio , Ferreira Junior Antonio Ernando Carlos , de Oliveira Camila Carvalho , Brizeno Luiz André Cavalcante , Wong Deysi Viviana Tenazoa , Lima Júnior Roberto César Pereira , Sousa Fabrício Bitú , Mota Mário Rogério Lima , Alves Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundBisphosphonates (BF) rise proinflammatory markers and irreversibly bind to bone. Chronically, BF can lead to an inflammatory status and can increase the local oxidative stress in periodontium. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate whether the chronic infusion of Zoledronic Acid (ZA) increases inflammatory markers in periodontium of rats.Methods and resultsChronically, infusion therapy was performed with ZA (0.04, 0.2 or 1 mg/kg or saline) by four doses in over a 70‐day period to analyze periodontium of the first right inferior molar using histologic, histochemical (toluidine blue), and immunohistochemical (CD68, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1beta (IL‐1β), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐kB)) tests. The experiment was replicated (ZA 0.2 mg/kg versus saline) for myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay and dose TNF‐α, IL‐1β, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) in gingiva of the same tooth. Despite there is no alteration in mast cells (P = .608) and CD68 mononuclear‐positive cells (P = .351), in the periodontium of the ZA‐treated group, was observed an increase in the presence of inflammatory cells (P = .001) and cytoplasmic immunostaining for TNF‐α (P = .003), IL‐1b (P = .004), iNOS (P = .008), and NF‐kB (P = .025). Levels of MPO (P < .001), TNF‐α (P = .002), IL‐1β (P < .001), and GSH (P = .005) were augmented in gingiva of ZA‐treated group but MDA (P = .993) levels and NF‐kB nuclear staining (P = .923) were not altered.ConclusionsChronic treatment with ZA increase proinflammatory cytokines and the number of inflammatory cells in periodontium of rats and GSH are expressed probably in a compensatory manner.
Prosthodontic Rehabilitation of an Ectodermal Dysplasia Patient with Implant Telescopic Crown Attachments
Authors: Alsayed Hussain D. , Alqahtani Nasser M. , Levon John A. , Morton Dean 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTelescopic crown attachments have been successfully used in completely and partially edentulous patients. This type of attachment provides retention, support, and stability with optimal hygiene for the removable dental prosthesis (RDP). With the emergence of CAD/CAM technology, telescopic crown attachments can be virtually designed and milled precisely to ensure a passive fit of the attachment parts and maximal functionality of the RDP. This article reviews both the clinical outcome and prosthodontic rehabilitation of telescopic crown attachments of an edentulous ectodermal dysplasia patient with solitary rigid conical telescopic crown attachments.
First record of resting cysts of the benthic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum leve in a natural reservoir in Gujan‐Mestras, Gironde, France
Authors: Mertens Kenneth Neil , Gu Haifeng , Pospelova Vera , Chomérat Nicolas , Nézan Elisabeth , Gurdebeke Pieter Roger , Bogus Kara , Vrielinck Henk , Rumebe Myriam , Meteigner Claire 
Published: September 2017

The resting cysts of the benthic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum leve from a natural reservoir in Gujan‐Mestras (Gironde, France) were described in this study. The incubated urn‐shaped cysts gave rise to cells of P. leve. Morphological observations through light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, particularly of the periflagellar platelets, combined with large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences obtained through single‐cell analysis confirm their affinity to the species P. leve. The cysts were characterized by a specific shape and the presence of an anterior plug. This is the first conclusive evidence for fossilizable resting stages within the Prorocentrales, one of the major orders within the Dinophyceae. Palynological treatments show that the cysts and endospores withstand hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids. Micro‐Fourier transform infrared analysis on single specimens suggests that the composition of the endospore is cellulosic and the cyst wall a more robust, noncellulosic β‐glucan. The spectra overall are similar to other published spectra of resting cysts from autotrophic, planktonic dinoflagellates.
Neonatal Encephalopathy in Calves Presented to a University Hospital
Authors: Bianco A.W. , Moore G.E. , Taylor S.D. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundWhile studies have examined bovine dystocia in relation to calf survival, little has been published regarding perinatal morbidity and treatment of newborn calves beyond failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI). Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a clinical syndrome commonly diagnosed in infants and foals but is poorly described in calves.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo identify risk factors for development of NE in calves and factors predictive of survival.AnimalsNeonatal calves presented to a University hospital over a 10‐year period.MethodsRetrospective cohort study (2005–2015). Medical records of all neonatal calves presented to the hospital were examined, and cases of NE were identified. Data pertaining to demographics, dam parity, labor, treatment, and outcome were collected and analyzed with univariate and multivariate statistics.ResultsOf 200 calves in the final analysis, 58 (29%; 95% CI: 22.8–35.8%) were classified as NE and 142 calves as non‐NE. In univariate analysis, factors significantly associated with diagnosis of NE included male sex, presence of dystocia, abnormal position in the birth canal, and prolonged labor. In the multivariate model, only orientation of the calf in the birth canal remained significant (OR 2.14; 95% CI: 1.02–4.49; P = 0.044). Overall survival of calves with NE was good (45/58; 77.6%; 95% CI: 64.7–87.5); dam parity and being a twin was significantly associated with nonsurvival.ConclusionsCalves born after dystocia, especially if malpresented, should be closely monitored for nursing behavior within the first 24 hours of life. Prognosis for survival is good, but supportive care might be required for several days.
Feasibility of dynamic risk prediction for hepatocellular carcinoma development in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Jeon Mi Young , Lee Hye Won , Kim Seung Up , Kim Beom Kyung , Park Jun Yong , Kim Do Young , Han Kwang‐Hyub , Ahn Sang Hoon 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsSeveral risk prediction models for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development are available. We explored whether the use of risk prediction models can dynamically predict HCC development at different time points in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.MethodsBetween 2006 and 2014, 1397 CHB patients were recruited. All patients underwent serial transient elastography at intervals of >6 months.ResultsThe median age of this study population (931 males and 466 females) was 49.0 years. The median CU‐HCC, REACH‐B, LSM‐HCC and mREACH‐B score at enrolment were 4.0, 9.0, 10.0 and 8.0 respectively. During the follow‐up period (median, 68.0 months), 87 (6.2%) patients developed HCC. All risk prediction models were successful in predicting HCC development at both the first liver stiffness (LS) measurement (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.067‐1.467 in the subgroup without antiviral therapy [AVT] and 1.096‐1.458 in the subgroup with AVT) and second LS measurement (HR = 1.125‐1.448 in the subgroup without AVT and 1.087‐1.249 in the subgroup with AVT). In contrast, neither the absolute nor percentage change in the scores from the risk prediction models predicted HCC development (all P > .05). The mREACH‐B score performed similarly or significantly better than did the other scores (AUROCs at 5 years, 0.694‐0.862 vs 0.537‐0.875).ConclusionsDynamic prediction of HCC development at different time points was achieved using four risk prediction models, but not using the changes in the absolute and percentage values between two time points. The mREACH‐B score was the most appropriate prediction model of HCC development among four prediction models.
Histopathological challenges in suspected drug‐induced liver injury
Authors: Kleiner David E. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWhen a patient with suspected drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) undergoes liver biopsy, the pathologist is confronted with two major challenges. The first and most important is to establish the pattern(s) of injury which are present. Patterns of injury represent stereotypical responses of an organ to injury and relate to specific aetiologies of liver damage. The pattern of injury and the histological details of that injury can then be analysed with respect to the patient's intercurrent diseases and medication history. The specific expertise of the pathologist can be used to weigh the prospect of DILI against the likelihood of other explanations of injury. The second challenge is to characterize specific types of injury and the severity of injury, both of which may have importance for clinical decision‐making and prognosis. The pathologist's report should convey both an accurate description of the pathology as well its interpretation.
Acute simvastatin treatment restores cerebral functional capillary density and attenuates angiotensin II‐induced microcirculatory changes in a model of primary hypertension
Authors: Freitas Felipe , Estato Vanessa , Reis Patricia , Castro‐Faria‐Neto Hugo C. , Carvalho Vinícius , Torres Rafael , Lessa Marcos A. , Tibirica Eduardo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveWe investigated the acute effects of SIM on cerebral microvascular rarefaction and dysfunction in SHRs.MethodsMale WKY and SHRs were divided into 4 groups of 8 animals each: WKY‐CTL and SHR‐CTL, treated with 0.9% saline; and WKY+SIM and SHR+SIM, treated with SIM (30 mg/kg/d) for 3 days by gavage. Cerebral FCD was assessed by intravital fluorescence videomicroscopy. mCBF before and after administration within the cranial window of angiotensin II (1 μmol L−1) was investigated using laser speckle contrast imaging.ResultsCerebral FCD was reduced in SHR‐CTL compared to WKY‐CTL (P < .05). SIM increased cerebral FCD in SHRs compared to SHR‐CTL (P < .05). The mCBF was reduced in SHR‐CTL compared to WKY‐CTL (P < .05), and SIM increased mCBF compared with SHR‐CTL (P < .05). Angiotensin II elicited a reduction of mCBF in SHR‐CTL and increased mCBF in WKY‐CTL (SHR‐CTL ‐13.53 ± 2% vs WKY‐CTL +13.74 ± 4%; P < .001), which was attenuated in SHRs treated with SIM (SHR+SIM ‐6.7 ± 1% vs SHR‐CTL ‐13.53 ± 2%; P < .01).ConclusionsThe antihypertensive effect of SIM is associated with an improvement in cerebral microvascular perfusion and capillary density that may help to prevent hypertension‐induced cerebrovascular damage independent of cholesterol‐lowering.
Feeding ecology of Mediterranean common dolphins: The importance of mesopelagic fish in the diet of an endangered subpopulation
Authors: Giménez Joan , Marçalo Ana , García‐Polo Manuel , García‐Barón Isabel , Castillo Juan José , Fernández‐Maldonado Carolina , Saavedra Camilo , Santos M. Begoña , de Stephanis Renaud 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe Mediterranean subpopulation of common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) is classified as endangered by theIUCN. Still, information about their diet in the Mediterranean is scarce. Stomach contents of 37 common dolphins stranded in the Alboran Sea and Strait of Gibraltar were analyzed. A total of 13,634 individual prey of 28 different taxa were identified. For fish, Myctophidae was the most important family as indicated by the highest index of relative importance (IRI= 8,470), followed by the family Sparidae (IRI= 609). The most important Myctophidae species was Madeira lantern fish (Ceratoscopelus maderensis) and for Sparids, the bogue (Boops boops). Cephalopods, instead, were found in low quantities only with 31 prey from the Loliginidae, Ommastrephidae, and Sepiolidae families. Overall, our results indicate that common dolphins are mainly piscivorous (99.77%N, 94.59%O, 99.73%W), feeding mostly on mesopelagic prey. Although common dolphins inhabit mainly coastal waters in the study area, the narrow continental shelf seems to facilitate the availability of Myctophids and other members of the mesopelagic assemblage to dolphins when the assemblage migrates to the surface at night. Our results represent the first attempt at quantifying the diet of this predator in the Alboran Sea and Strait of Gibraltar.
Multi‐jawed chaetognaths from the Chengjiang Lagerstätte (Cambrian, Series 2, Stage 3) of Yunnan, China
Authors: Shu Degan , Conway Morris Simon , Han Jian , Hoyal Cuthill Jennifer F. , Zhang Zhifei , Cheng Meirong , Huang Hai 
Published: September 2017

AbstractChaetognaths (arrow‐worms) are enigmatic in terms of their phylogenetic position, while the existence of Protosagitta spinosa from the Chengjiang Lagerstätte suggests minimal change in their unique bodyplan since at least the early Cambrian. Apart from rare (and sometimes controversial) soft‐bodied remains, the fossil record of chaetognaths is otherwise almost entirely dependent on early Palaeozoic phosphatic microfossils, some of which are placed amongst so‐called protoconodonts. Fused spine clusters are strikingly similar to the cephalic grasping apparatus of extant forms and are assumed to have had a comparable configuration. Here we report a new chaetognath, Ankalodous sericus gen. et sp. nov., coeval with Protosagitta but with a complex feeding apparatus consisting of multiple bundles of recurved spines whose principal function appears to have been grasping. Like all other chaetognaths a predatory mode of life is likely, but its position relative to the sediment–water interface is less certain. Reduction of the feeding apparatus, from the multi‐jawed arrangement of A. sericus to the grasping spines and associated smaller teeth seen in other chaetognaths, was probably a subsequent development and conceivably was linked with a shift to a pelagic mode of life. We also report a new specimen of Protosagitta. This confirms earlier observations but it possesses hitherto unrecognized features, including a cephalic tentacle and fin rays.
The Arabidopsis U‐box E3 ubiquitin ligase PUB30 negatively regulates salt tolerance by facilitating BRI1 kinase inhibitor 1 (BKI1) degradation
Authors: Zhang Ming , Zhao Jinfeng , Li Long , Gao Yanan , Zhao Linlin , Patil Suyash Bhimgonda , Fang Jingjing , Zhang Wenhui , Yang Yuhong , Li Ming , Li Xueyong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe Arabidopsis U‐box E3 ubiquitin ligases play an important role in the ubiquitin/26S proteasome‐mediated protein degradation pathway. Recently, PUB30 has been reported to participate in the salt stress response during seed germination stage in abscisic acid (ABA)‐independent manner, but the molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we displayed that the pub30 mutant was more tolerant to salt stress during seed germination, whereas the mutant of its closest homologue PUB31 showed mild sensitivity to salt stress. PUB30 exhibited E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in vitro. PUB30 specifically interacted with BRI1 kinase inhibitor 1 (BKI1), a regulator playing dual roles in brassinosteroids signaling, in vitro and in vivo. We found that BKI1 protein was ubiquitinated and degraded by the 26S proteasome. The degradation of BKI1 was slowed down in the pub30‐1 mutant compared with that in the wild type. The bki1 mutant was sensitive to salt, whereas the transgenic plants overexpressing BKI1 showed salt tolerant phenotype. All these results indicate that PUB30 negatively regulates salt tolerance probably through regulating the degradation of BKI1 and brassinosteroids signaling in Arabidopsis.
Basic actions reloaded
Authors: Amaya Santiago 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this article, I examine recent debates concerning the existence and the nature of basic actions. The discussion is structured around four theses, with which Arthur Danto introduced basic actions to contemporary theorists. The theses concern (a) the relationship between agency and causality, (b) the distinction between basic and complex actions, (c) the regress argument for basic actions, and (d) the structure of practical knowledge in the light these actions.
Divine forgiveness II: Reconciliation and debt‐cancellation theories
Authors: Warmke Brandon 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMany people believe that God has forgiven them for the wrong things they have done. What is the nature of God's forgiveness? In this essay, the second in a two‐part series, I explore two further approaches to this question. I conclude by noting a few issues that, in my estimation, should be addressed in future philosophical discussions of the nature of divine forgiveness.
Temporal ersatzism
Authors: Emery Nina 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTemporal ersatzism is the view that past entities exist, but are not concrete. The view is analogous to modal ersatzism, according to which merely possible worlds exist, but are not concrete. The goal of this paper is to give the reader a sense of the scope of available temporal ersatzist views, the ways in which the analogy with modal ersatzism may be helpful in characterizing and defending those views, and the sorts of considerations that are relevant when evaluating particular versions of temporal ersatzism.
Aging effects in the expression of macrophages in post‐treatment apical periodontitis lesions
Authors: de Almeida Natália Freire , Brasil Sabrina de Castro , Ferreira Dennis de Carvalho , Armada Luciana 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo evaluate the CD68 immunoexpression in post‐treatment apical periodontitis lesions of older patients and compare them with lesions of younger/middle age adults.MethodsBiopsy specimens from 21 apical periodontitis lesions (12 granulomas and 9 cysts) were selected from older patients and 25 apical periodontitis lesions from younger/middle age adults (12 cysts and 13 granulomas) were selected and analyzed by immunohistochemistry using silanized slides with anti‐CD68 antibody. The slides were subdivided in five high‐power fields and the images were observed under an optical microscope to evaluate the epithelial and connective tissues.ResultsThe results showed that there was no statistical difference for the CD68 expression in epithelial tissue of cysts between younger/middle age adults and older patients. However, for the connective tissue of both cysts and granulomas, there was a statistical difference between the two age groups. There was a statistical difference between the epithelial and the connective tissues in cysts of younger/middle age adults, and also when the epithelial tissue of the cysts was compared with connective tissue of the granuloma. In the group of older patients, there was no statistical difference between the connective tissue of the cysts and granulomas.ConclusionThe intensity of the macrophage staining was greater in the connective tissue of cysts and granulomas alike in the younger/middle age adult patients, suggesting that these cells participate actively in this tissue. Immune responses in older patients may be compromised, suggesting that there is a greater tendency for the endodontic treatment of these patients to fail.
Bordetella bronchiseptica bloodstream infection in a renal transplant patient
Authors: Powers Harry R. , Shah Kairav 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBordetella bronchiseptica is a gram‐negative coccobacillus that infects animals, but rarely affects humans. B. bronchiseptica has been reported to cause disease in immunocompromised hosts. We present a case of a 61‐year‐old man with a renal transplant who developed B. bronchiseptica bacteremia likely as a result of close contact between dogs and his skin cancer biopsy sites. The patient was successfully treated with 2 weeks of oral levofloxacin. This case alerts physicians to B. bronchiseptica as a cause of bacteremia in solid organ transplant patients with exposure to animals.
Viral‐specific T‐cell response in hemorrhagic cystitis after haploidentical donor stem cell transplantation
Authors: Apiwattanakul Nopporn , Hongeng Suradej , Anurathapan Usanarat , Pakakasama Samart , Srisala Supanart , Techasaensiri Chonnamet , Andersson Borje S. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractViral hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can be devastating. Standard treatment modalities have not been well established, but immune reconstitution may be necessary for sustained viral clearance. We studied five pediatric patients who developed viral HC after haplo‐identical HSCT. All patients developed virus‐specific CD4‐ and CD8‐positive T cells, and the emergence of these viral‐specific T cells was temporally associated with successful viral clearance.
Spectroanalysis in native gels (SING): rapid spectral analysis of pigmented thylakoid membrane complexes separated by CN–PAGE
Authors: Lucker Ben , Schwarz Eliezer , Kuhlgert Sebastian , Ostendorf Elisabeth , Kramer David M. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryPhotosynthetic organisms rapidly adjust the capture, transfer and utilization of light energy to optimize the efficiency of photosynthesis and avoid photodamage. These adjustments involve fine‐tuning of expression levels and mutual interactions among electron/proton transfer components and their associated light‐harvesting antenna. Detailed studies of these interactions and their dynamics have been hindered by the low throughput and resolution of currently available research tools, which involve laborious isolation, separation and characterization steps. To address these issues, we developed an approach that measured multiple spectroscopic properties of thylakoid preparations directly in native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels, enabling unprecedented resolution of photosynthetic complexes, both in terms of the spectroscopic and functional details, as well as the ability to distinguish separate complexes and thus test their functional connections. As a demonstration, we explore the thylakoid membrane components of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii acclimated to high and low light, using a combination of room temperature absorption and 77K fluorescence emission to generate a multi‐dimensional molecular and spectroscopic map of the photosynthetic apparatus. We show that low‐light‐acclimated cells accumulate a photosystem I‐containing megacomplex that is absent in high‐light‐acclimated cells and contains distinct LhcII proteins that can be distinguished based on their spectral signatures.