bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic Spillovers From Public Investments in Medical Countermeasures: A Case Study of a Burn Debridement Product
Authors: Farahati Farah , Nystrom Scott , Howell David R. , Jaffe Richard 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe US federal government invests in the development of medical countermeasures for addressing adverse health effects to the civilian population from chemical, biological, and radiological or nuclear threats. We model the potential economic spillover effects in day-to-day burn care for a federal investment in a burn debridement product for responding to an improvised nuclear device.MethodsWe identify and assess 4 primary components for projecting the potential economic spillover benefits of a burn debridement product: (1) market size, (2) clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, (3) product cost, and (4) market adoption rates. Primary data sources were the American Burn Association’s 2015 National Burn Repository Annual Report of Data and published clinical studies used to gain European approval for the burn debridement product.ResultsThe study results showed that if approved for use in the United States, the burn debridement product has potential economic spillover benefits exceeding the federal government’s initial investment of $24 million a few years after introduction into the burn care market.ConclusionsEconomic spillover analyses can help to inform the prioritizing of scarce resources for research and development of medical countermeasures by the federal government. Future federal medical countermeasure research and development investments could incorporate economic spillover analysis to assess investment options. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:711–719)
THE BOREL COMPLEXITY OF ISOMORPHISM FOR O-MINIMAL THEORIES
Authors: RAST RICHARD , SAHOTA DAVENDER SINGH 
Published: June 2017

AbstractGiven a countable o-minimal theory T, we characterize the Borel complexity of isomorphism for countable models of T up to two model-theoretic invariants. If T admits a nonsimple type, then it is shown to be Borel complete by embedding the isomorphism problem for linear orders into the isomorphism problem for models of T. This is done by constructing models with specific linear orders in the tail of the Archimedean ladder of a suitable nonsimple type.If the theory admits no nonsimple types, then we use Mayer’s characterization of isomorphism for such theories to compute invariants for countable models. If the theory is small, then the invariant is real-valued, and therefore its isomorphism relation is smooth. If not, the invariant corresponds to a countable set of reals, and therefore the isomorphism relation is Borel equivalent to F2.Combining these two results, we conclude that $\left( {{\rm{Mod}}\left( T \right), \cong } \right)$ is either maximally complicated or maximally uncomplicated (subject to completely general model-theoretic lower bounds based on the number of types and the number of countable models).
Simultaneously occurring Zenker's diverticulum and Killian–Jamieson diverticulum: case report and literature review
Authors: Stewart K E , Smith D R K , Woolley S L 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackground:Pharyngoesophageal diverticula have many subtypes, with Zenker's diverticulum being the most common. First described in 1983, a Killian–Jamieson diverticulum is an outpouching in the anterolateral wall at the pharyngoesophageal junction. This is located inferiorly to the cricopharyngeus muscle, unlike Zenker's diverticula which occur superiorly. Killian–Jamieson diverticula are rare and are commonly misdiagnosed as Zenker's diverticula. Less than 30 reports of Killian–Jamieson diverticula have been described in the literature.Case report:A 69-year-old man presented with a 2-year symptomatic history, and was found to have simultaneous Zenker's diverticulum and Killian–Jamieson diverticulum. He was treated successfully with open surgical excision of both pouches.Conclusion:Zenker's diverticulum and Killian–Jamieson diverticulum are diagnosed using radiological studies and endoscopy. Their differentiation is important, as surgical management differs. This paper reviews the literature on Killian–Jamieson diverticula and the management options available.
A comparison study of complications and initial follow-up costs of transcutaneous and percutaneous bone conduction devices
Authors: Godbehere J , Carr S D , Moraleda J , Edwards P , Ray J 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackground:The percutaneous osseointegrated bone conduction device can be associated with more soft tissue complications when compared to the magnetic transcutaneous osseointegrated bone conduction device. This study aimed to determine whether fewer soft tissue complications may result in the transcutaneous osseointegrated bone conduction device being a lower cost option in hearing rehabilitation.Methods:This retrospective case note review included adult patients who underwent implantation with the transcutaneous Cochlear Attract (n = 22) or percutaneous Cochlear DermaLock (n = 25) bone-anchored hearing aids between September 2013 and December 2014. The number of post-operative clinic appointments, complications and treatments undertaken, and calculated cost average, were compared between the two groups.Results:Although the transcutaneous device was slightly more expensive than the percutaneous device, the percutaneous device was associated with a greater number of soft tissue complications and, as a result, the percutaneous device had significantly higher follow-up costs in the first six months following surgery.Conclusion:The transcutaneous osseointegrated bone conduction device may represent a more cost-effective method of hearing rehabilitation compared to the percutaneous osseointegrated bone conduction device.
A brief review of salient factors influencing adult eating behaviour
Authors: Emilien Christine , Hollis James H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA better understanding of the factors that influence eating behaviour is of importance as our food choices are associated with the risk of developing chronic diseases such as obesity, CVD, type 2 diabetes or some forms of cancer. In addition, accumulating evidence suggests that the industrial food production system is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emission and may be unsustainable. Therefore, our food choices may also contribute to climate change. By identifying the factors that influence eating behaviour new interventions may be developed, at the individual or population level, to modify eating behaviour and contribute to society’s health and environmental goals. Research indicates that eating behaviour is dictated by a complex interaction between physiology, environment, psychology, culture, socio-economics and genetics that is not fully understood. While a growing body of research has identified how several single factors influence eating behaviour, a better understanding of how these factors interact is required to facilitate the developing new models of eating behaviour. Due to the diversity of influences on eating behaviour this would probably necessitate a greater focus on multi-disciplinary research. In the present review, the influence of several salient physiological and environmental factors (largely related to food characteristics) on meal initiation, satiation (meal size) and satiety (inter-meal interval) are briefly discussed. Due to the large literature this review is not exhaustive but illustrates the complexity of eating behaviour. The present review will also highlight several limitations that apply to eating behaviour research.
Parenting cognitions → parenting practices → child adjustment? The standard model
Authors: Bornstein Marc H. , Putnick Diane L. , Suwalsky Joan T. D. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn a large-scale (N= 317) prospective 8-year longitudinal multiage, multidomain, multivariate, multisource study, we tested a conservative three-term model linking parenting cognitions in toddlerhood to parenting practices in preschool to classroom externalizing behavior in middle childhood, controlling for earlier parenting practices and child externalizing behavior. Mothers who were more knowledgeable, satisfied, and attributed successes in their parenting to themselves when their toddlers were 20 months of age engaged in increased supportive parenting during joint activity tasks 2 years later when their children were 4 years of age, and 6 years after that their 10-year-olds were rated by teachers as having fewer classroom externalizing behavior problems. This developmental cascade of a “standard model” of parenting applied equally to families with girls and boys, and the cascade from parenting attributions to supportive parenting to child externalizing behavior obtained independent of 12 child, parent, and family covariates. Conceptualizing socialization in terms of cascades helps to identify points of effective intervention.
Thermal regulation of secondary dormancy induction inPolygonum aviculareseeds: a quantitative analysis using the hydrotime model
Authors: Batlla Diego , Agostinelli Andrés Mateo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFor seed banks showing seasonal changes in their dormancy level, the possibility of predicting temporal patterns of emergence depends on establishing a robust relationship between temperature and the rate of dormancy loss and induction. However, although the effect of temperature on dormancy loss has been extensively studied, less work has been advocated to the quantification of temperature effects on dormancy induction. In the present work, we quantified temperature regulation of dormancy induction inPolygonum aviculareseeds using the hydrotime model. To study induction into secondary dormancy, seeds previously released from primary dormancy through stratification at 5°C were stored at dormancy-inductive temperatures of 10, 15, 20 and 25°C for different periods. During storage, seeds were germinated at different temperatures and water potentials, and hydrotime model parameters were derived. Changes in hydrotime model parameters (mean base water potential for germination and its standard deviation, and the hydrotime required for germination) during dormancy induction were described by adjusting exponential equations. Obtained results indicated a minimum temperature for dormancy induction of 8.7°C and the existence of a bi-linear relationship between rate of induction into secondary dormancy and storage temperature, in which storage temperatures around 25°C showed a higher dormancy induction rate than those below 20°C. Developed model equations were then used to predict changes in germination behaviour during dormancy induction at different temperatures, showing a good agreement between simulated and observed values.
Association between early echocardiography, therapy for patent ductus arteriosus, and outcomes in very low birth weight infants
Authors: Lee Jan Hau , Greenberg Rachel G. , Quek Bin H. , Clark Reese H. , Laughon Matthew M. , Smith P. Brian , Hornik Christoph P. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundIn very low birth weight infants, persistence of a patent ductus arteriosus results in morbidity and mortality. Therapies to close the ductus are effective, but clinical outcomes may depend on the accuracy of diagnosis and the timing of administration. The objective of the present study was to characterise the association between early echocardiography, therapy for patent ductus arteriosus, and outcomes in very low birth weight infants.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used electronic health record data on inborn infants of gestational age ⩽28 weeks and birth weight <1500 g who were discharged after day of life 7 from 362 neonatal ICU from 1997 to 2013. The primary outcome was death between day of life 7 and discharge. Secondary outcomes included bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotising enterocolitis, and grade 3 or 4 intraventricular haemorrhage.ResultsThis study included a total of 48,551 infants with a median gestational age of 27 weeks (interquartile range 25, 28) and birth weight 870 g (706, 1050). Early echocardiography – that is, performed during days of life 2 to 6 – was performed in 15,971/48,551 (33%) infants, and patent ductus arteriosus was diagnosed in 31,712/48,551 (65%). The diagnosis was more common in infants who had undergone early echocardiography (14,549/15,971 [91%] versus 17,163/32,580 [53%], p<0.001). In multivariable analysis, early echocardiography was not associated with reduced mortality (odds ratio 0.97, 95% CI 0.89–1.05). Results were similar in the subset of infants who received therapy for patent ductus arteriosus (odds ratio 1.01, 95% CI 0.90–1.15).ConclusionsEarly echocardiography was associated with an increased diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus, but not with decreased mortality.
A Small Spot, Inert Gas, Ion Milling Process as a Complementary Technique to Focused Ion Beam Specimen Preparation
Authors: Fischione Paul E. , Williams Robert E.A. , Genç Arda , Fraser Hamish L. , Dunin-Borkowski Rafal E. , Luysberg Martina , Bonifacio Cecile S. , Kovács András 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper reports on the substantial improvement of specimen quality by use of a low voltage (0.05 to ~1 keV), small diameter (~1 μm), argon ion beam following initial preparation using conventional broad-beam ion milling or focused ion beam. The specimens show significant reductions in the amorphous layer thickness and implanted artifacts. The targeted ion milling controls the specimen thickness according to the needs of advanced aberration-corrected and/or analytical transmission electron microscopy applications.
Quantification of Cardiomyocyte Alignment from Three-Dimensional (3D) Confocal Microscopy of Engineered Tissue
Authors: Kowalski William J. , Yuan Fangping , Nakane Takeichiro , Masumoto Hidetoshi , Dwenger Marc , Ye Fei , Tinney Joseph P. , Keller Bradley B. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBiological tissues have complex, three-dimensional (3D) organizations of cells and matrix factors that provide the architecture necessary to meet morphogenic and functional demands. Disordered cell alignment is associated with congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and neurodegenerative diseases and repairing or replacing these tissues using engineered constructs may improve regenerative capacity. However, optimizing cell alignment within engineered tissues requires quantitative 3D data on cell orientations and both efficient and validated processing algorithms. We developed an automated method to measure local 3D orientations based on structure tensor analysis and incorporated an adaptive subregion size to account for multiple scales. Our method calculates the statistical concentration parameter,κ, to quantify alignment, as well as the traditional orientational order parameter. We validated our method using synthetic images and accurately measured principal axis and concentration. We then applied our method to confocal stacks of cleared, whole-mount engineered cardiac tissues generated from human-induced pluripotent stem cells or embryonic chick cardiac cells and quantified cardiomyocyte alignment. We found significant differences in alignment based on cellular composition and tissue geometry. These results from our synthetic images and confocal data demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of our method to measure alignment in 3D tissues.
Yet more on a stochastic economic model: Part 4: a model for share earnings, dividends, and prices
Authors: Wilkie A. D. , Şahin Şule 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we develop an extension to the Wilkie model, introducing share earnings and cover (earnings/dividends) as new variables, and deriving share dividends from them. Earnings are available from April 1962, but only for the Non-Financial index, and for the All-Share one only from 1992. We construct a Composite Earnings Index from these series. We then find a suitable annual time series model for changes in earnings, and then for cover, which is mean-reverting. We compare this new model with the original model, in which changes in dividends were modelled directly. We also investigate monthly data to give parameters for stochastic interpolation. We observe an unusual change in earnings over 2015–2016, consider the implications of this and show specimen simulations.
STRONGLY MILLIAN SECOND-ORDER MODAL LOGICS
Authors: JACINTO BRUNO 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe most common first- and second-order modal logics either have as theorems every instance of the Barcan and Converse Barcan formulae and of their second-order analogues, or else fail to capture the actual truth of every theorem of classical first- and second-order logic. In this paper we characterise and motivate sound and complete first- and second-order modal logics that successfully capture the actual truth of every theorem of classical first- and second-order logic and yet do not possess controversial instances of the Barcan and Converse Barcan formulae as theorems, nor of their second-order analogues. What makes possible these results is an understanding of the individual constants and predicates of the target languages asstrongly Millianexpressions, where a strongly Millian expression is one that has an actually existing entity as its semantic value. For this reason these logics are called ‘strongly Millian’. It is shown that the strength of the strongly Millian second-order modal logics here characterised afford the means to resist an argument by Timothy Williamson for the truth of the claim that necessarily, every property necessarily exists.
Ryk regulates Wnt5a repulsion of mouse corticospinal tract through modulating planar cell polarity signaling
Authors: Duan Xin , Gao Yarong , Liu Yaobo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIt was previously reported a role for Ryk in mediating Wnt5a repulsion of the corticospinal tract (CST) in mice. Recent evidence has shown that Ryk regulates planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling through interacting with Vangl2. Here, in vivo, in vitro and biochemical analyses were applied to investigate the molecular cross-talk between the Ryk and PCP signaling pathways, revealing that PCP pathway components play important roles in CST anterior–posterior guidance. Ryk–Vangl2 interactions are crucial for PCP signaling to mediate Wnt5a repulsion of CST axons. Cytoplasmic distribution of Ryk is increased under high concentrations of Wnt5a and facilitates the cytoplasmic distribution of Vangl2, leading to inhibition of Frizzled3 translocation to cytoplasm. Alternatively, Ryk stabilizes Vangl2 in the plasma membrane under low Wnt5a concentrations, which promotes cytoplasmic translocation of Frizzled3. We propose that Ryk regulates PCP signaling through asymmetric modulation of Vangl2 distribution in the cytoplasm and plasma membrane, which leads to repulsion of CST axons in response to the Wnt gradient.
Lipid-mediated PX-BAR domain recruitment couples local membrane constriction to endocytic vesicle fission
Authors: Schöneberg Johannes , Lehmann Martin , Ullrich Alexander , Posor York , Lo Wen-Ting , Lichtner Gregor , Schmoranzer Jan , Haucke Volker , Noé Frank 
Published: June 2017

AbstractClathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) involves membrane-associated scaffolds of the bin-amphiphysin-rvs (BAR) domain protein family as well as the GTPase dynamin, and is accompanied and perhaps triggered by changes in local lipid composition. How protein recruitment, scaffold assembly and membrane deformation is spatiotemporally controlled and coupled to fission is poorly understood. We show by computational modelling and super-resolution imaging that phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate [PI(3,4)P2] synthesis within the clathrin-coated area of endocytic intermediates triggers selective recruitment of the PX-BAR domain protein SNX9, as a result of complex interactions of endocytic proteins competing for phospholipids. The specific architecture induces positioning of SNX9 at the invagination neck where its self-assembly regulates membrane constriction, thereby providing a template for dynamin fission. These data explain how lipid conversion at endocytic pits couples local membrane constriction to fission. Our work demonstrates how computational modelling and super-resolution imaging can be combined to unravel function and mechanisms of complex cellular processes.
Non-equilibrium steady states in supramolecular polymerization
Authors: Sorrenti Alessandro , Leira-Iglesias Jorge , Sato Akihiro , Hermans Thomas M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractLiving systems use fuel-driven supramolecular polymers such as actin to control important cell functions. Fuel molecules like ATP are used to control when and where such polymers should assemble and disassemble. The cell supplies fresh ATP to the cytosol and removes waste products to sustain steady states. Artificial fuel-driven polymers have been developed recently, but keeping them in sustained non-equilibrium steady states (NESS) has proven challenging. Here we show a supramolecular polymer that can be kept in NESS, inside a membrane reactor where ATP is added and waste removed continuously. Assembly and disassembly of our polymer is regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, respectively. Waste products lead to inhibition, causing the reaction cycle to stop. Inside the membrane reactor, however, waste can be removed leading to long-lived NESS conditions. We anticipate that our approach to obtain NESS can be applied to other stimuli-responsive materials to achieve more life-like behaviour.
Image Data Resource: a bioimage data integration and publication platform
Authors: Williams Eleanor , Moore Josh , Li Simon W , Rustici Gabriella , Tarkowska Aleksandra , Chessel Anatole , Leo Simone , Antal Bálint , Ferguson Richard K , Sarkans Ugis , Brazma Alvis , Carazo Salas Rafael E , Swedlow Jason R 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAccess to primary research data is vital for the advancement of science. To extend the data types supported by community repositories, we built a prototype Image Data Resource (IDR). IDR links data from several imaging modalities, including high-content screening, multi-dimensional microscopy and digital pathology, with public genetic or chemical databases and cell and tissue phenotypes expressed using controlled ontologies. Using this integration, IDR facilitates the analysis of gene networks and reveals functional interactions that are inaccessible to individual studies. To enable reanalysis, we also established a computational resource based on Jupyter notebooks that allows remote access to the entire IDR. IDR is also an open-source platform for publishing imaging data. Thus IDR provides an online resource and a software infrastructure that promotes and extends publication and reanalysis of scientific image data.