bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Matrix-free hydrodynamic study on the size distribution and conformation of three technical lignins from wood and non-wood
Authors: Alzahrani Qushmua E. , Adams Gary G. , Gillis Richard B. , Besong Tabot M.D. , Kök M. Samil , Fong Emily , Harding Richard A. , van Dam Jan E.G. , Gosselink Richard J.A. , Rowe Arthur J. , Harding Stephen E. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Molecular weight (MW) and related conformational data of three commercially available technical lignins (Alcell L, kraft L, and soda L) have been studied by means of analytical ultracentrifugation, taking advantage of some recent developments in both sedimentation velocity and sedimentation equilibrium determinations. The lignins were dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide (with ca. 90% solubility), and solutions were studied with regards to their oligomeric state, heterogeneity profiles (distribution of sedimentation coefficients), and molecular weight distributions (MWD). Alcell L and soda L have similar properties showing one major low MW component and two minor high MW components, whereas kraft L appears to be larger and more uniform, i.e., it shows a more monodisperse MWD. Weight average molecular weight (M
w) data from sedimentation equilibrium obtained by the new SEDFIT-MSTAR procedure in conjunction with MULTISIG analysis were found to be ~18 kDa (Alcell L), 25 kDa (kraft L), and 15 kDa (soda L). Further analysis of the data by means of the routines MULTISIG and M_INVEQ confirmed the presence of additional components in Alcell L and soda L, and the larger size and high degree of monodispersity of kraft L. The intrinsic viscosity data of the three lignins were found to be very similar in the range of 22–24 ml g-1, and all data were consistent with an elongated plate shape molecular structure with an equivalent discoid aspect ratio ~30.
Asia, Ionia, Maeonia und Luwiya? Bemerkungen zu den neuen Toponymen aus Kom el-Hettan (Theben-West) mit Exkursen zu Westkleinasien in der Spätbronzezeit
Authors: Gander Max 
Published: January 2016

ZusammenfassungIn den Jahren 2004 und 2005 kamen bei Arbeiten am sog. Totentempel Amenophis III. in Kom el-Hettan (Theben-West) verschiedene Fragmente von kolossalen beschrifteten Statuensockeln zutage. Diese ergänzen die schon bekannten, umfangreichen Fremdländerlisten aus dem Bereich dieses Tempels. Einige der in den Inschriften genannten Toponyme wurden inzwischen mit den Namen Asia, Ionia, Maeonia sowie mit dem aus hethitischen Quellen bekannten Land Luwiya in Verbindung gebracht. Der vorliegende Aufsatz bietet eine kritische Untersuchung dieser Identifikationen mit zwei Exkursen zu damit verbundenen Fragen der westkleinasiatischen Geographie der Hethiterzeit.
Beyond the ‚Invention of Athens‘. The 5thcentury Athenian „Tatenkatalog“ as example of ,Intentional History‘
Authors: Proietti Giorgia 
Published: January 2016

SummaryNicole Loraux’s seminal book „L’invention d’Athènes“ (1981) opened a new way of understanding the Athenian funeral oration. It is a well-known fact that the Athenians exploited the annuallogos epitaphiosin honor of the war dead to convey a patriotic image of the Athenian past, centered on a canonical list of glorious mythic-historical deeds. This list – the so called „Tatenkatalog“ – has been so far investigated in terms of either ,political propaganda‘ or ,official polis tradition‘, where both definitions involve a high degree of historical simplification and, to some extent, falsification. This view, if somehow true as for the 4thcentury literary version of the list, must be reassessed as for the 5thcentury catalogue, which in fact is to be considered as a prominent example of ,intentional history‘ (in H.-J. Gehrke’s definition), produced by – and at the same time turned to – the political community itself, as the result of complex identity needs.
Colophon in the Early Hellenistic Age
Authors: Vacante Salvatore 
Published: January 2016

SummaryPrimary historical, epigraphic and archeological evidence and research on Early Hellenistic Colophon are re-examined in this study. More specifically, the article deals with a famous inscription found on the site at the beginning of the 20thcentury (SEG 19.698) regarding the unification of thehyparchousa polisand thepalaia polisof Colophon within a large wall-circuit, as well as the building of a newagora, streets, and other public edifices. A new dating for this decree – traditionally dated either under Alexander the Great or Antigonus Monophthalmus – is offered, namely to 296 BCE, when Colophon was included in the anti-lysimachean alliance of Demetrius Poliorcetes and Seleucus. In light of archaeological evidence, the traditional historical view according to which Lysimachus deported en masse the Colophonians to Ephesus / Arsinoeia and razed the original settlement is radically rejected. The article also offers new insights on the unclear relationships between inland Colophon and Notion / Colophon by the Sea in the late fourth – early third century BCE.
Early Cytokine Profile Changes In Interstitial And Necrotic Forms Of Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Kostic Irena , Spasic Marko , Stojanovic Bojan , Jurisevic Milena , Radovanovic Dragce , Canović Dragan , Stefanovic Srdjan , Jankovic Slobodan 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common, potentially lethal, acute inflammatory process with a highly variable clinical course. The aim of this study was to analyse early changes in the serum concentrations of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood of patients with the interstitial form of acute pancreatitis (IAP) and necrotic acute pancreatitis (NAP), especially in those patients who had lethal outcomes.
The prospective study enrolled 52 patients who were divided into IAP (65.38% of patients) and NAP (34.62% of patients) groups. The serum levels of interleukins (IL) 6, 8 and 10, together with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were measured on the 1st and 3rd day of hospitalisation. Significantly higher values of IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 were found on day 1 and 3 in NAP than in IAP. IL-6 was significantly higher on both days of measurement, whereas IL-10 on the first day and IL-8 on the third day were significantly higher in the group of patients who did not survive in comparison with patients who had the interstitial form of AP.
In conclusion, the data from this study showed that immune suppression and excessive immune stimulation in the first three days after admission could indicate the development of NAP and a potentially lethal outcome.
Prognostic Value Of Normal Myocardial Perfusion Imaging In Asymptomatic Diabetic Patients With Moderate And High Calcium Scores
Authors: Mitevska Irena Peovska , Pavlovska Jelka Daceva , Zdravkovska Maja , Zdravskovska Marina 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intermediate prognostic value of normal myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in asymptomatic diabetic patients with intermediate and high coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores. Methods: A total of 115 asymptomatic diabetic patients with no known coronary artery disease (CAD) underwent MPI after multi-slice computed tomography CAC assessment for the detection of suspected CAD. The study included 75 patients with normal MPI results. A 17-segment model for myocardial perfusion and function analysis was used. Patients were divided into three groups: I gr-20 patients with a diabetes duration between 1-5 years; II gr-24 patients with a diabetes duration 5-10 years; and III gr-31 patients with a diabetes duration >10 years. End points (cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, heart failure, new angina, revascularization) were assessed at 6, 12 and 24 months.
All patients had normal resting left ventricular function and normal myocardial perfusion scans. Forty patients had moderate coronary artery calcification with an average CAC of 290+/−95. Thirty-five patients had severe coronary calcification with an average CAC of 568+/−67. A correlation was found between diabetes duration and CAC severity (r-0,62 for diabetes duration over 10 years). Three cardiac events were identified at 24--month follow-up (new angina with percutaneous coronary intervention-PCI). Hard events (cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction) were observed at a rate of 0% in group I, 4.2% in group II and 6.4% in group III. The overall event rate at 24--month follow-up was 4.0%.
MPI and CAC are valuable techniques for the preclinical assessment of CAD in asymptomatic diabetic patients. This could guide decision-making to result in optimal treatment and prognosis. Even diabetic patients with normal MPI are at increased intermediate risk for CV events.
Behaviours And Attitudes About Body Image And Eating Disorders Among Adolescent Females In Kragujevac
Authors: Jovanovic Maja 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Eating disorders are often in older teens and young women with prevalence 4-5% with increasing tendency. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of eating disorders among adolescents in the city of Kragujevac, and to examine the relationship between the age and the type of eating disorder that can occur in adolescents.
This descriptive, cross sectional study involved 220 participants (16-25 years old, 105 high school students and 115 students of the Faculty of Medical Sciences in Kragujevac, Serbia). Eating Attitudes Test EAT-26 questionnaire was used as a screening instrument, which consists of three subscales related to eating disorders (dieting, bulimia, oral control diet). The frequency of disturbed attitudes and eating habits among the investigated population was 26,8% (EAT-26 score ≥20). The high school students had a significantly higher score values (30,4% of girls achieved values EAT-26 score ≥20) than the medical students. Among the respondents, 17,6% were malnourished, 72,7% normal weight, 9,3% of the overweight and 0,5% obese. Eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) was 13,7%, subclinical bulimia 4,4% and subclinical anorexia 8,8%. There was statistically significant difference (p=0,024) in the expression of behavioral disorders between students of high school and faculty education.
Our results suggest that malnutrition and anorexic syndrome are more frequently in population of medical students, but on the other hand, obesity and subclinical bulimic syndrome have a higher prevalence in high school student`s population, which can be explained by inappropriate education for adolescents.
Mini External Fixator Assisted Metacarpal Lengthening With The Distraction Method
Authors: Kilinc Bekir Eray , Kara Adnan , Ertürer Ramazan Erden , Oc Yunus 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Phalangeal brachydactyly, which is caused by the abnormal development of the metacarpal, is characterized by shortness that can be seen in a single finger or in all fingers of the hands. Although brachydactyly is usually thought of as congenital, it can occur due to metabolic disorders or trauma. A twelve-year-old girl was admitted to our clinic with complaints of shortness in the fourth finger of the left hand. Osteotomy was applied with the drilling-osteotomy technique. The screws holding the upper and lower segments were adapted to the external fixator. Lengthening began one week after the osteotomy. The lengthening rate was organized as 0.25×2 mm/day. The amount of elongation was planned not to exceed 40% of the original bone length. Distraction was terminated after the planned elongation amount was reached, and the bone was allowed to heal. In patients under twenty years of age, the results from progressive distraction without bone grafting are close to perfect. Although the technique of successfully lengthening metacarpal fractures in children is simple, strict rules should not be ignored. Primarily, the external fixator and the distraction system should be sufficiently stable, lightweight, and should be appropriate for the size of a child’s hand.
Analysis Of Clinical, Haematological And Biochemical Parameters In Patients With Infectious Mononucleosis
Authors: Canović Petar , Vranic Aleksandra , Petrovic Sara , Rakovic Ivana , Jovicic Biljana Popovska , Hamzagic Nedim 
Published: January 2016

AbstractPrimary infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) usually occurs in early childhood and often does not present clinical symptoms. More than 90% of adults are infected with this virus. A primary infection that occurs in adolescence or adulthood is usually clinically presented as infectious mononucleosis with a triad of symptoms: fever, lymphadenopathy and pharyngitis. Our retrospective study included 51 patients with a median age of 17 (9-23) years and serologically confirmed infectious mononucleosis. All patients with infectious mononucleosis were treated at the Clinic for Infectious Diseases at the Clinical Center in Kragujevac during 2013. We analysed the clinical, haematological and laboratory parameters of patients. The aspartate-aminotransferase levels were increased in 40 patients, with a mean value of 116.24 (±93.22); the alanine-aminotransferase levels were increased in 44 patients, with a mean value of 189.24 (±196.69). Lymphadenopathy was the most common clinical feature upon admission in 49 patients (96%); 38 patients (74.5%) had splenomegaly, and 20 (39%) had hepatomegaly. Twenty-six patients (51%) had leukocytosis with lymphocytosis, while 15 (75%) of the 20 who had a normal leukocyte count also had lymphocytosis. In the present study, we updated the clinical, haematological and laboratory parameters, which may lead to the establishment of an accurate diagnosis and promote further treatment of the patients.
Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia (EIN) In An Endometrial Polyp
Authors: Devic Ana , Vasiljevic Mladenko , Devic Aleksandar 
Published: January 2016

AbstractEndometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) is a monoclonal neoplastic cell proliferation of the endometrium associated with a significantly increased risk of endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma. We herein present the case of a 58-year-old female patient who underwent a hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy because of the existence of endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia in an endometrial polyp. The patient had irregular uterine bleeding, which lasted 10 days. An endometrial polyp was diagnosed by ultrasound examination. The polyp was located in the isthmus of the uterus, on the back wall, and measured 32 mm × 25 mm. The patient underwent fractional dilation and curettage, and the specimens were subjected to a histopathological examination. The histopathological findings were EIN, endometrioid type, a focus of which was found within the endometrial polyps, as well as the endometrial polyp and proliferative endometrium. The endocervical tissue was normal. Given the age of the patient and the histopathological findings, she underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The final histopathological findings were EIN, endometrioid type with a focus found within the endometrial polyp; endometrial polyp; simple hyperplasia; chronic inflammation of the uterine cervix; hyperkeratosis of the cervical squamous epithelium; and cervicitis chronica. There was also hydrosalpinx of the left fallopian tube, and cystic follicles in the left ovary. There was no significant morphological change in the right ovary or fallopian tube. The surgical and postoperative course were normal. The patient was sent home on the fifth postoperative day in good general condition. A check-up performed one month after surgery showed normal findings.
Global shifts caused by the rise of anchor countries
Authors: Altenburg Tilman , Leininger Julia 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Recently a group of large developing countries started to emerge as important drivers of regional, and in some cases even global, change. “Anchor countries” are the largest economies of their respective home regions. Their rise implies a power shift in different spheres of economy and politics and brings about new patterns in the organization of global space. We analyse this shift with regard to the global economic order and to global security policy. Furthermore, we explore how the enhanced economic and military relevance of anchor countries is reflected in global governance institutions.
The technology park Berlin-Adlershof as an example of spatial proximity in regional economic policy
Authors: Kulke Elmar 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Since the 1990s spatial economic policy increasingly tries to encourage the development of innovative firms especially in selected locations like technology parks. Spatial proximity in these locations should lead to the development of competitive clusters. The technology park Berlin-Adlershof is one example for this new approach of spatial economic policy; today it is - according to the number of employees - one of the largest technology parks in Europe. This paper discusses to what extent spatial economic policy has contributed to the development of an interlinked cluster. First elements of spatial economic policy will be evaluated according to the network and cluster approaches. Then general considerations of cluster development will be confronted with the development path of Berlin-Adlershof. Finally the extent of network formation will be discussed. The economic dynamic in Berlin-Adlershof shows that a proximity-oriented approach of spatial economic policy has been successful. Spatial proximity has encouraged the development of networks between the units, but up to now networks between science and business are not very strong
The relevance of package tourists for informal sector micro-enterprises
Authors: Job Hubert , Lutzenberger Michael 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Against the background of the economic effects of tourism in developing countries and the positive effects that informal sector micro-enterprises (ISME) can have on alleviating poverty, this paper discusses the situation of mass package tourism destinations based on a case study from The Gambia. This explorative study discusses the position of ISME from two perspectives: the access to the market with the development and spatial distribution of ISME in the context of the life-cycle of tourism resorts and on the other side focuses on the tourists themselves and their demands, decision-making and behavior, as well as the factors that influence them. Results suggest that there is a market for ISME at mass tourism destinations alongside the formal sector. A survey of the existing situation and indications from interviews with tourists suggest the need for a discussion of an additional phase in the model of the spatial distribution of the informal and formal sectors in seaside resorts, based on Vorlaufers’s concept of the life-cycle of tourism resorts.
Geographies of unruly innovation
Authors: Mattsson Henrik 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
While it has been convincingly shown that innovation is vital to the long-term economic success of localities, regions and nations, much is lacking in terms of knowledge about the sophisticated and unruly spatial processes involved in innovation that take place fragmentarily and unevenly in the grain of territories. This paper discusses how Torsten Hägerstrand’s time-geography may contribute towards deepening our understanding of such geographies of “unruly innovation”.
Generalized Darwinism, group selection and evolutionary economic geography
Authors: Essletzbichler Jürgen 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The paper contributes to the development of evolutionary economic geography in the following ways. First, it summarizes the conceptual building blocks of Generalized Darwinism (GD) and argues that an evolutionary theory based on GD encompasses and complements those based on the principle of emergence and path-dependence. Second, the paper discusses the notion of group selection considered important for rejecting methodological reductionism and developing a multi-level evolutionary theory that opens new opportunities for the application of GD in economic geography. Third, the paper shows how the meta-theoretical framework can be used to organize existing work in evolutionary economic geography, identify conceptual and empirical blind spots in current research, but also contribute to theory formulation and bridge currently disconnected subfields in economic geography more generally.
Emergence through branching and evolution
Authors: Grunsven Leo van , Witte Inge 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Evolutionary economic geography proposes regional branching as a mode of industry emergence and development. It is claimed that branching enhances performance and evolution. In this article we investigate the relevance of regional branching and this claim in the context of Southeast Asia’s late-industrialization. We report research into the industrial automation industry in Penang, Malaysia.We first demonstrate that the emergence of this industry conforms well to regional branching. We show that despite this mode of genesis, industry development has stalled at an early stage and its evolution shows bifurcation: amongst the firms there are growers but also - and substantially more - stagnators. We offer a framework for understanding regional branching in late-industrialization context and for understanding differential performance/evolution. Applying this framework to our research context we find that regional branching, stalling, and the occurrence of stagnators and only a few growers can be understood from factors and hampering/ conducive circumstances at the levels of the industry, the region and individual firms.
Creativity, plasticity, quality: on the emergence of a new food offering in Paris
Authors: Kebir Leïla , Jeannerat Hugues 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This paper presents the conditions of the recent emergence of quality fast food restaurants in Paris. Rather than being a radical innovation, the development of this new form of restaurants can be understood through the concept of path plasticity. That is innovation and change occurring within a well-established institutional setting of technology/knowledge development path (Paris catering services in our case) without necessarily breaking out of the path in question. Quality fast food has developed relying on the existing structures of the catering production system while creating bridges between two kinds of restaurants: traditional tasty and fine cuisine and fast food way of eating.
Exploring tourism destination path plasticity
Authors: Halkier Henrik , Therkelsen Anette 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Path dependency is an acknowledged characteristic of tourism due to a majority of small and micro-sized firms and with that limited resourceful actors who can engage actively in path creation through development of new services and experiences. The aim of this paper is to analyse the socio-economic institutions that have facilitated the rise of coastal tourism, and on the basis of this to gauge the scope for incremental change, or plasticity, within the prevailing development path. The paper can be seen as an explorative study of the micro-dynamics of path plasticity, adopting a casestudy-based approach, exploring two coastal-rural destinations in North Jutland, Denmark. First a review of the literature on destination development and innovation is undertaken in order to identify key issues concerning continuity and change in tourism as a spatially embedded socio-economic activity. Then a conceptual framework for the analysis is outlined, inspired by traditions within institutionalism. Thirdly, the empirical analysis begins by identifying the key institutions supporting the rise of North Jutland as a successful international tourist destination in the 1980s and 1990s, and finally we discuss the extent to which scope for path plasticity can be found within this framework in the current climate of crisis, focusing especially on the role of combinatorial knowledge and policy agency. It is concluded that coastal tourism despite resemblances of an institutional ‘iron triangle’ actually is a more flexible structure which allows for a considerable degree of incremental change, provided that the actors involved are willing to engage in innovative development activities within the existing institutional framework.