bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global, regional, and national burden of pancreatitis in children and adolescents
Authors: Liu Pingping , Wang Ying , Tian Zongbiao , Dong Xiaohuan , Li Zhijuan , Chen Yanfeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundPancreatitis poses a growing public health concern among children and adolescents, yet comprehensive data on its prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) remain scarce. This study aims to analyze global, regional, and national trends in pancreatitis burden over the past 3 decades.MethodsUsing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 database spanning 1990–2019, we assessed pancreatitis prevalence, incidence, mortality, and DALYs, reporting on numbers, rates, age‐standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), age‐standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age‐standardized mortality rate (ASMR), age‐standardized DALYs rate (ASDR), and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs). Trends were analyzed by age, sex, region, and socio‐demographic index (SDI) using jointpoint analysis and predictive modeling.ResultsGlobally, pancreatitis prevalence and incidence rates have increased (AAPC prevalence = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.11–0.16; AAPC incidence = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.28–0.32), while mortality and DALYs rates have decreased (AAPC mortality = −1.30, 95% CI: −1.53, −1.07; AAPC DALYs = −1.21, 95% CI: −1.41, −1.01). Both genders showed similar trends. Children under 5 and adolescents 15–19 had higher mortality and DALYs rates. Low SDI regions experienced the greatest increase in ASIR. Eastern Europe exhibited high and rising ASIR, ASMR, and ASDR. Projections indicate continued rise in prevalence with declining mortality and DALYs.ConclusionPancreatitis burden in children and adolescents has surged globally, especially in lower SDI regions. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions and healthcare resources in affected areas.
Darvadstrocel for complex perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Taxonera Carlos , García‐Brenes Miguel A. , Olivares David , López‐García Olga N. , Zapater Raúl , Alba Cristina 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundLocal injection of darvadstrocel, a suspension of expanded adipose‐derived allogenic mesenchymal stem cells, has been used for treatment‐refractory perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease (CD).ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate efficacy and safety of darvadstrocel for complex perianal fistulas in CD.MethodsA systematic search was conducted through April 2024 in relevant databases for observational studies evaluating darvadstrocel. A random‐effects meta‐analysis model was used to calculate the pooled effect sizes (proportions or incidence rates [IRs]) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of effectiveness and safety outcomes. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool. The I2 value assessed heterogeneity. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were also conducted.ResultsTwelve studies were included with 595 patients. The pooled rate of patients achieving clinical remission, defined as fistula healing, was 68.1% at month 6 (95% CI 63.4–72.7) and 77.2% (95% CI 70.1–83.8) at month 12. Combined remission, defined as clinical remission and absence of collections >2 cm confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging, was reported in 60.6% and in 69.7% of patients at months 6 and 12, respectively. The rate of patients with treatment failure, defined as no clinical remission at the last follow‐up (mean 18.7 months; SD 9.9), was 34.5%. Failure rate was independent of follow‐up time (p = 0.85). For effectiveness outcomes, between‐study heterogeneity was negligible. Subgroup analysis indicated that none of the covariates modified the treatment effect. Pooled IRs per 100 patient‐years of adverse events (AE), serious AEs, perianal abscesses, and reoperations were 19.6, 3.2, 16.9 and 7.1, respectively.ConclusionEvidence from observational studies supports the efficacy and safety of darvadstrocel for complex perianal fistulas in CD. Studies have reported high fistula healing rates that can be sustained long‐term in most patients, with negligible between‐study heterogeneity, as well as a favorable safety profile.
Climate change mitigation policies in agriculture: An overview of sociopolitical barriers
Authors: Kabir Kayenat , de Vries Robbe Sophie , Godinho Catrina 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe realization of the economic and technical potential of climate mitigation policies in agriculture is influenced by how sociopolitical issues are considered in policy development and implementation. Based on a narrative review of the literature, this article provides an overview of common sociopolitical barriers facing supply‐side and demand‐side mitigation measures in agriculture. Understanding these sociopolitical issues can provide opportunities for the full realization of mitigation policy potentials. They are presented under four themes: local context, adoption capacity, and distributional impacts; food security, costs, and choices in food consumption; political considerations related to electoral weight and lobbying; and international aspects regarding emissions metrics, trade, and big agriculture. Designing complementary policies and second‐best options, incorporating local knowledge in policy design, recognizing women's voice and role in sustainable agriculture, planning for job transitions, engaging stakeholders through multiscalar platforms, and appropriately framing and communicating policies in a digestible manner are some considerations to address these sociopolitical barriers.This article is categorized under:
Climate Economics > Economics and Climate Change
Climate and Development > Social Justice and the Politics of Development
Climate Economics > Economics of Mitigation
Entropy analysis of MHD flow in hybrid nanofluid over a rotating disk with variable viscosity and nonlinear thermal radiation
Authors: Mandal Susanta , Mukherjee Satwik , Shit Gopal Chandra , Vajravelu Kuppalapalle 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this study, we aim to investigate the entropy production in the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of hybrid nanofluids over permeable rotating disks. We will analyze the entropy production within a three‐dimensional MHD flow of Ag‐MgO nanofluid over a rotating porous disk with variable fluid properties. Our analysis will incorporate time‐dependent radial stretching and slip effects on velocities and temperature. Moreover, the study will take into account exponentially temperature‐dependent viscosity and nonlinear thermal radiation. The study uses self‐similar transformations to convert the coupled nonlinear partial differential equations into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Numerically solving these equations involves using a shooting technique and relies on the 4th‐order Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method. The rotation of the disk introduces a parameter that accelerates fluid motion. The study explores heat transfer rate, skin friction, and entropy production quantified by the Bejan number. Various factors, including magnetic field intensity, disk rotation, thermal radiation, and variable viscosity, influence this quantification. The outcomes of the study can enhance system efficiency through suitable parameter choices, deepening our understanding of entropy generation and system performance under varying factors. This research is important for improving heat transfer processes, reducing energy waste, and improving the design and operation of advanced fluid systems in engineering applications. The results could lead to innovations in thermal management, energy conservation, and sustainable engineering practices.
Study on the Effects of Long-Term Vibration and Visual Tasks on Visual Acuity in the Car
Authors: Amano Masateru , Kubota Aya , Yamaguchi Hiroyuki , Muragishi Yuji , Hattori Yoshikazu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this research, to maintain a passenger’s good visual acuity during long riding, we investigated the effects of long-term vibration and visual task on the visual acuity. The results showed that after performing the prolonged visual tasks in the vibration-exposed state, the visual acuity in the stationary state remained unchanged, but the visual acuity in the vibration-exposed state decreased. From these results, it is assumed that among the functions of the eye, the function of stabilizing the eye against vibrations is most likely to deteriorate due to fatigue caused by visual loads. Consequently, to maintain visibility in the car during long car trips, it is important to suppress head movement. This helps prevent fatigue in the eye stabilization function.
Study on Linear Actuators for Intake and Exhaust Systems of Internal Combustion Engines (Analytical Consideration of Thrust Characteristics by Permanent Magnet Array)
Authors: Kuroda Jumpei , Kimura Kaito , Ono Ryutaro , Kobayashi Ikkei , Uchino Daigo , Ogawa Kazuki , Ikeda Keigo , Endo Ayato , Kato Hideaki , Narita Takayoshi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo enhance internal combustion engine performance, this study focuses on developing an electric valve drive system utilizing linear actuators for intake and exhaust valve control. The linear actuator, comprising a movable coil and a fixed permanent magnet, operates based on the principle of the Lorentz force. Unlike traditional magnetic circuits, this actuator employs five permanent magnets with different magnetization directions to concentrate the flux on the coil. In this study, multiple models with varying ratios of these permanent magnets were created and analyzed using finite element analysis conducted with the JMAG software to investigate the thrust characteristics during the reciprocating motion of the actuator. The vector plot of the magnetic flux density shows that the magnetic circuit is predominantly composed of permanent magnets. The average thrust at a 10 mm displacement was approximately 107 N in the largest model. Future studies will aim to design actuators with increased thrust capabilities.
Longitudinal Control Concept for Automated Vehicles in Stop-and-Go Situations
Authors: Pethe C. , Heinze M. , Flormann M. , Henze R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a longitudinal control concept for automated vehicles in stop-and-go situations that enables the optimization of driving behavior in terms of occupant comfort and traffic efficiency. In a simulative validation based on real driving data, different variants are evaluated on the basis of objective criteria and an optimal functional behavior is derived.
A Comprehensive Method for Computing Suspension Elasto-kinematics With Non-linear Compliance
Authors: Magri Paolo , Gadola Marco , Chindamo Daniel , Sandrini Giulia , Candela Andrea 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSince flexible bushings are used as the interface between the suspension arms and the chassis, the extra degrees of freedom make the design process a complex task. While the use of a multi-body model is common practice in the industry, a dedicated computational tool can be more practical and straightforward, especially when undertaking the design of a new suspension concept from the ground up. This paper presents a quasi-static method for calculating suspension compliance under the action of forces and moments, enabling real-time simulations. The algorithm proposed in this paper was devised with a threefold purpose: integrating elasto-kinematics into the kinematic design tool previously created by the authors, integrating real-time vehicle dynamics simulation, and overcoming the limitations of the traditional approach based on the superposition principle. Finally, a comparison of the proposed model with one based on the lookup-table and superposition principle is presented.
A Study on the Control of Handling and Stability of a Four Wheel Independent Steering Electric Vehicle
Authors: Wu Zhihao , Zhang Ning , Li Pu , Li Zihong , Zhang Jianrun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe path-tracking control of electric vehicles with four wheel independent steering (FWIS) is crucial for enhancing vehicle stability. This paper aims to address the issue of multi-actuator redundancy by coordinating the control allocation of multiple actuators, thereby improving the handling stability and path tracking performance of FWIS vehicles. First, a model of FWIS electric vehicle is developed, taking into account both the nonlinear tyre and motor actuator characteristics. Subsequently, a path tracking model is established and a hierarchical control architecture is designed. The upper-level controller computes the generalized tracking force and the lower-level control force is distributed based on the principle of optimal tyre utilization rate. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in terms of tracking accuracy and handling and stability.
Cooperative LiDAR-Aided Self-localization of CAVs in Real Urban Scenario
Authors: Adas Akif , Barbieri Luca , Morri Pietro , Mentasti Simone , Awasthi Satyesh , Arrigoni Stefano , Sabbioni Edoardo , Nicoli Monica 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn the rapidly advancing realm of Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs), achieving reliable and precise positioning is of paramount importance. This paper presents a comprehensive approach integrating vehicular sensing, communication, and advanced filtering techniques to enhance vehicle positioning in urban areas. By leveraging LiDAR point clouds along with a light and accurate object detector, we create cohesive environmental sensing that improves situational awareness in autonomous systems. Central to our methodology is the integration of the Labeled Multi-Bernoulli Mixture (LMBM) filter, which offers a probabilistic framework for dynamic state estimation in environments characterized by high uncertainty and clutter. In turn, enhanced object locations are exploited as anchors for vehicular self-localization via an Extended Kalman filter (EKF). Our experimental results show that the proposed solution significantly enhances vehicular positioning accuracy.
Towards Friction Potential Estimation for Motorcycles
Authors: Klinger Florian , Ott Christoph , Poks Agnes , Edelmann Johannes , Plöchl Manfred 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEstimation of the actual friction potential from measured vehicle states has been extensively explored for passenger cars, but lacks attention for motorcycles. Several aspects towards friction potential estimation for motorcycles are discussed in this study: (i) analysis of the characteristics of motorcycle tyres on different surfaces and conditions by using an instrumented motorcycle, (ii) analysis of the theoretical performance of an EKF-based friction potential estimation approach by means of simulation studies, and (iii) analysis of the feasibility of using a wetness sensor on the motorcycle to gain information on actual road conditions.
Variable-Step-Length Hybrid A* Based on Dichotomy Optimization for Path Planning of Autonomous Mining Trucks*
Authors: Zhang Yichen , Wang Yafei , Wu Mingyu , Li Ruoyao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGlobal path planning for autonomous mining trucks in shovel-loading areas requires path optimality and high computational efficiency. However, generating qualified paths for the loading process is more difficult for conventional methods under accurate final pose constraints. Furthermore, due to large-scale maps with variable obstacle distribution, considerable computation time needs to be allocated for path planning when using conventional methods. To address this problem, a novel Variable-Step-Length Hybrid A* based on Dichotomy Optimization (DO-VSLHA*) algorithm is proposed to generate obstacle-free paths considering mountain morphology and vehicle constraints while reducing computation time. To avoid U-shape obstacles and unnecessary node search, the clustering method is applied to the grid map to generate convex polygon obstacles. Subsequently, with joint sampling of step length and steering angle, we put forward dichotomy optimization based on the cost function in order to generate near-optimal nodes in each loop of the node expansion process, thus reducing the overall computing time of path planning. Field experiments are carried out on autonomous mining trucks at an open-pit mine, validating the improvement in effectiveness and computational efficiency of our method compared to conventional methods.
Inhibition of neuroinflammation and neuronal damage by the selective non-steroidal ERβ agonist AC-186
Authors: Katola Folashade O. , Adana Misturah Y. , Olajide Olumayokun A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background:
AC-186 (4-[4-4-Difluoro-1-(2-fluorophenyl) cyclohexyl] phenol) is a neuroprotective non-steroidal selective oestrogen receptor modulator. This study investigated whether inhibition of neuroinflammation contributed to neuroprotective activity of this compound.

Methods:
BV-2 microglia were treated with AC-186 (0.65–5 μM) prior to stimulation with LPS (100 ng/mL). Levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and proteins were then evaluated.

Results:
Treatment of LPS-activated BV-2 microglia with AC-186 resulted in significant (p < 0.05) reduction in TNFα, IL-6, NO, PGE2, iNOS and COX-2. Further investigations showed that AC-186 decreased LPS-induced elevated levels of phospho-p65, phospho-IκBα and acetyl-p65 proteins, while blocking DNA binding and luciferase activity of NF-κB. AC-186 induced significant (p < 0.05) increase in protein expression of ERβ, while enhancing ERE luciferase activity in BV-2 cells. Effects of the compound on oestrogen signalling in the microglia was confirmed in knockdown experiments which revealed a loss of anti-inflammatory activity following transfection with ERβ siRNA. In vitro neuroprotective activity of AC-186 was demonstrated by inhibition of activated microglia-mediated damage to HT-22 neurons.

Conclusions:
This study established that AC-186 produces NF-κB-mediated anti-inflammatory activity, which is proposed as a contributory mechanism involved in its neuroprotective actions. It is suggested that the anti-inflammatory activity of this compound is linked to its agonist effect on ERβ.
Twins of conic hexagons
Authors: Halbeisen Lorenz , Hungerbühler Norbert 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Six points on a conic section define 60 different hexagons and therefore 60 Pascal lines. Each Pascal line passes through three of the 45 intersections of connecting lines of the six given points. Instead of searching for collinear triples (Pascal lines) among these 45 points, we identify and classify all six-tuples among the 45 points that lie on a conic section. These six-tuples will be called Pascal twins of the given six points. It turns out that there are also six-tuples that lie on a conic section that have two points in common with the given six points. These six-tuples are called Siamese Pascal twins for evident reasons.
Applications of Pythium- and Phytophthora-produced volatiles in plant disease control
Authors: Sheikh Taha Majid Mahmood , Chen Jinhao , Wang Lunji , Zhou Dongmei , Deng Sheng , Velasco de Castro Oliveira Juliana , Raza Waseem , Wei Lihui , Daly Paul 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) mediate biological interactions and are produced by Pythium and Phytophthora species. These VOCs are biotechnologically relevant because the genera include important plant pathogens, whereby VOCs can aid in disease detection, and biological control agents, whereby VOCs contribute to disease control. Studies on VOC production, identification, and characterization of individual VOCs produced by Pythium and Phytophthora species are reviewed. VOCs detected in plants infected with Phytophthora species are also reviewed as potentially oomycete-derived VOCs. The Pythium- and Phytophthora-produced VOCs are compared with other microorganisms, and the main effects of these VOCs on microbial inhibition and plant-mediated effects are reviewed. These effects are summarized from direct demonstration studies and inferences based on the known functions of the identified Pythium- and Phytophthora-produced VOCs. There are two main applications of VOCs to plant disease control: the use of VOCs to detect pathogenic Pythium and Phytophthora species, e.g., e-nose detecting systems, and the use of VOC-producing biological control agents, e.g., Pythium oligandrum. Future research could understand how the VOCs are produced to engineer VOC levels in strains, analyze more oomycete species and strains, accurately quantify the VOCs produced, and exploit recent developments in analytical chemistry technology.

Key points
• Compiled inventory of volatiles produced by Phytophthora and Pythium species
• Volatilomes contain microbe-inhibiting and plant growth-promoting compounds
• Volatile potential in disease detection and control supports analyzing more species
Dose-escalation, tolerability, and efficacy of intratumoral and subcutaneous injection of hemagglutinating virus of Japan envelope (HVJ-E) against chemotherapy-resistant malignant pleural mesothelioma: a clinical trial
Authors: Sakura Kazuma , Kuroyama Muneyoshi , Shintani Yasushi , Funaki Soichiro , Atagi Shinji , Kadota Yoshihisa , Kuribayashi Kozo , Kijima Takashi , Nakano Takashi , Nakajima Toshihiro , Sasai Masao , Okumura Meinoshin , Kaneda Yasufumi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe hemagglutinating virus of Japan envelope (HVJ-E) is an inactivated Sendai virus particle with antitumor effect and inducing antitumor immunity. However, its dosage and efficacy have not been verified. We conducted a phase I clinical study on chemotherapy-resistant malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) aiming to determine the recommended dosage for a phase II study through dose-limiting toxicity and evaluate HVJ-E’s preliminary efficacy. HVJ-E was administered intratumorally and subcutaneously to the patients with chemotherapy-resistant MPM. While no serious adverse events occurred, known adverse events of HVJ-E were observed. In the preliminary antitumor efficacy using modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) criteria, three low-dose patients exhibited progressive disease, while all high-dose patients achieved stable disease, yielding disease control rates (DCRs) of 0% and 100%, respectively. Furthermore, the dose-dependent effect of HVJ-E revealed on DCR modified by RECIST and the baseline changes in target lesion size (by CT and SUL-peak; p < 0.05). Comparing targeted lesions receiving intratumoral HVJ-E with non-injected ones, while no clear difference existed at the end of the study, follow-up cases suggested stronger antitumor effects with intratumoral administration. Our findings suggest that HVJ-E could be safely administered to patients with chemotherapy-resistant MPM at both study doses. HVJ-E exhibited some antitumor activity against chemotherapy-resistant MPM, and higher doses tended to have stronger antitumor effects than lower doses. Consequently, a phase II clinical trial with higher HVJ-E doses has been conducted for MPM treatment. Trial registration number: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (#UMIN000019345).