bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immobilization of Candida rugosa Lipase on Glutaraldehyde‐Activated Fe3O4@Chitosan as a Magnetically Separable Catalyst for Hydrolysis of Castor Oil
Authors: Zhao Ke , Chen Bang , Li Cong , Li Xing‐Fu , Li Ke‐Bin , Shen Ye‐Hua 
Published: September 2017

In this study, the catalyzed hydrolysis of castor oil by Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) immobilized on glutaraldehyde‐activated magnetic Fe3O4@chitosan is investigated. Magnetic Fe3O4 is prepared by hydrothermal method and coated with chitosan (CS). Next, CRL is immobilized on Fe3O4@chitosan using glutaraldehyde as a cross‐linking reagent. The prepared Fe3O4@CS@CRL is confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The response surface methodology (RSM) based on the Box–Behnken design is used to evaluate and optimize the hydrolysis reaction variables. The optimum reaction conditions for the hydrolysis of castor oil by the Fe3O4@CS@CRL heterogeneous catalyst are found to be a water/oil ratio of 1.60:1, pH of 7.05, reaction temperature of 34 °C, and lipase concentration of 3.27%; under these conditions, the hydrolysis conversion of castor oil reached 46.81%. Moreover, the immobilized lipase showed high stability with no appreciable loss in its activity after three consecutive cycles.Practical Applications: RSM is found to be a useful technique for optimizing hydrolysis of castor oil. The high conversion of the hydrolysis of castor oil indicates that the Fe3O4@CS@CRL have potential to be used in preparing ricinoleic acid from castor oil. Ricinoleic acid have the potential to be used in printing ink as a pigment and dye disperser, plasticizers, surfactants, lubricants, and other valuable products.Ricinoleic acid can be used in pigment and dye disperser in printing ink, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, heptaldehyde, plasticizers, surfactants, lubricants, and other valuable products. Hydrolysis of castor oil catalyzed by Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) immobilized on glutaraldehyde‐activated magnetic Fe3O4@chitosan is investigated. The response surface methodology (RSM) based on the Box–Behnken design is used to evaluate and optimize the hydrolysis reaction variables. Fe3O4@CS@CRL can be easily separated from the suspension using an external strong magnet. Fe3O4@CS@CRL have potential to be used in preparing ricinoleic acid from castor oil.
Enhancement of the Photovoltaic Properties of Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells Using Y0.80Yb0.18Er0.02OF Nanorods
Authors: Wang Jiangli , You Xueqiu , Cao Shuohui , Lin Jianming , Wu Jihuai , Chen Zhong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe photoanode plays a critical role in influencing the performance of dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In this work, Y0.80Yb0.18Er0.02OF nanorods (YYEOF NRs) are synthetized by a simple hydrothermal method and incorporated into the TiO2 film to form a bi‐layer photoanode consisting of nanoparticles (NPs) on the bottom and nanorods on top. Owing to the improved light collection efficiency and electron transport rate, the resultant YYEOF NRs are advantageous as photoanode dopants for DSSCs. Following assembly into an integrated DSSC, an enhanced photocurrent and power conversion efficiency (PCE) are observed. Benefiting from the p‐type doping effect of the YYEOF NRs, the photovoltage of the DSSCs is elevated. The cell performance can be maximized through optimization of the fraction of YYEOF NRs, and the results demonstrate that a promising PCE of 7.74 % is determined for the DSSC with 5 wt % YYEOF NRs, yielding 32.5 % enhancement in comparison to pristine TiO2 NPs‐based solar cells. This work provides a promising strategy to explore photoanode materials, which will lead to further efficiency improvements for solar cells.
In vitrocartilage construct generation from silk fibroin‐ chitosan porous scaffold and umbilical cord blood derived human mesenchymal stem cells in dynamic culture condition
Authors: Agrawal Parinita , Pramanik Krishna , Biswas Amit , Ku Patra Ranjan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCartilage construct generation includes a scaffold with appropriate composition to mimic matrix of the damaged tissue on which the stem cells grow and differentiate. In this study, umbilical cord blood (UCB) derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were seeded on freeze dried porous silk‐fibroin (SF)/chitosan (CS) scaffolds. Influence of static and dynamic (spinner flask bioreactor) culture conditions on the developing cartilage construct were studied byin‐vitrocharacterization for viability, proliferation, distribution, and chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs over the scaffold. Constructs developed in spinner flask consisted of 62% live cells, and exhibited 543% more cell density at the core than constructs cultured in static system. Quantification of DNA and glycosaminoglycans accumulation after 21 days showed the progression of chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs was higher in dynamic culture compared to static one. In constructs generated under dynamic condition, histology staining for proteoglycan matrix, and fluorescence staining for collagen‐II and aggrecan showed positive correlation between early and late stage chondrogenic markers, which was further confirmed by quantitative PCR analysis, showing low collagen‐I expression and highly expressed Sox9, collagen‐II and aggrecan. The present study demonstrated that construct generated by combining 3D SF/CS scaffold with UCB‐hMSCs under dynamic condition using spinner flask bioreactor can be used for cartilage tissue regeneration for future medical treatments. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 397–407, 2018.
Comparing the osteoconductive potential between tubular and cylindrical beta‐tricalcium phosphate scaffolds: An experimental study in rats
Authors: Sun Yu‐Xin , Zhang Jin‐Fang , Li Dong‐Ji , Wu Xiao‐Min , Xu Liang‐Liang , Pan Xiao‐Hua , Li Gang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBeta‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) has been widely used for bone regeneration for many years. However, there are few studies on the osteoconduction ability of different shaped β‐TCP scaffolds. In this study, we compared the osteoconductive potential between the tubular and cylindrical β‐TCP scaffolds in long bone defect animal model. The results showed that more regenerated bone and a better healing property were observed in tubular group than that in cylindrical group. By hematoxylin‐eosin staining, the central part of the callus was more compacted in tubular group. And moreover, the increased osteocalcin and osterix expression were found in tubular group, suggesting more vigorous regeneration of bone defect. These results demonstrated that tubular β‐TCP scaffold would be more benefit to promote bone regeneration, indicating that tubular β‐TCP scaffold has a good potential for long bone defect repair in clinical practice. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1934–1940, 2018.
Osteogenic apatite particles by sol–gel assisted electrospraying
Authors: Chakrapani Venkatesan Yogeshwar , Sampath Kumar T. S. , Raj Deepa K. , Kumary T. V. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractElectrospraying has tremendous potential to prepare submicron to nano size ceramic particles with novel properties. In this study, a sol–gel assisted electrospraying has been used to synthesise phase controlled apatite (hydroxyapatite, HA and calcium deficient hydroxyapatite, CDHA) particles. Variation in particle size was also achieved by controlling the process parameters. The particles were non cytotoxic, induced proliferation of osteoblast‐like cells (HOS) and internalised by the cells. Increased alkaline phosphatase, collagen and calcium deposition confirmed the mineralisation of cells. Expression of osteopontin, osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase genes further ascertained that the particles promoted osteogenic commitment of the rat bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs). The particles also showed better loading and release of tetracycline drug than accelerated microwave synthesised apatite particles. The methodology for synthesis of ceramic particles may have avenues for a wide range of biomedical applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1941–1954, 2018.
Synthesis, Antibacterial Activity, and Docking Studies of 1,2,3‐triazole‐tagged Thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidinone Derivatives
Authors: Aruna Kumari M. , Triloknadh S. , Harikrishna N. , Vijjulatha M. , Venkata Rao C. 
Published: September 2017

Novel (1‐(substituted phenyl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methyl‐2‐(4‐oxo‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydrobenzo[1,2]thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐3(4H)‐yl)acetate derivatives were synthesized. All the compounds showed significant antibacterial activity against Gram‐negative (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia) and Gram‐positive (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus) bacteria. Particularly, (1‐(3‐nitrophenyl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methyl‐2‐(4‐oxo‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydrobenzo[1, 2]thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐3(4H)‐yl)acetate was found to be most potent against E. coli, K. pneumonia, and B. subtilis with MIC 25 μg/ml. Molecular docking was also performed on purine riboswitch of B. subtilis and thiamine pyrophosphate riboswitch of E. coli.
Molecular Dissection of Extracellular Matrix Proteome Reveals Discrete Mechanism Regulating Verticillium Dahliae Triggered Vascular Wilt Disease in Potato
Authors: Elagamey Eman , Sinha Arunima , Narula Kanika , Abdellatef Magdi A.E. , Chakraborty Niranjan , Chakraborty Subhra 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPlants exposed to patho‐stress mostly succumb due to disease by disruption of cellular integrity and changes in the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Vascular wilt, caused by the soil borne hemibiotrophic filamentous fungus Verticillium dahliae, is one of the most significant diseases that adversely affect plant growth and productivity. The virulence of the pathogen associated with the ECM‐related susceptibility of the host plant is far from being understood. To better understand ECM‐associated disease responses that allow the pathogen to suppress plant immunity, a temporal analysis of ECM proteome was carried out in vascular wilt susceptible potato cultivar upon V. dahliae infection. The proteome profiling led to the identification of 75 patho‐stress responsive proteins (PSRPs), predominantly involved in wall hydration, architecture, and redox homeostasis. Two novel clues regarding wilt disease of potato were gained from this study. First, wall crosslinking and salicylic acid signaling significantly altered during patho‐stress. Second, generation of reactive oxygen species and scavenging proteins increased in abundance leading to cell death and necrosis of the host. We provide evidence for the first time that how fungal invasion affects the integrity of ECM components and host reprogramming for susceptibility may function at the cell surface by protein plasticity.
Continued Fractions and Upper and Lower Bounds in the Brillouin‐Wigner Perturbation Scheme
Authors: GOSCINSKI OSVALDO 
Published: September 2017

A derivation of approximants to a continued fraction development of the energy is presented. It is based on the techniques of infinite order perturbation theory and inner projection of operators. The approximants have been introduced before; here their formal nature is clarified and conditions under which they exhibit extremal properties are presented. The oscillatory behaviour about the true eigenvalue, observed previously in the Mathieu problem, is explained.Une dérivation des approximations successives pour un développement en fraction continue de l'énergie est presentée. Elle est fondée sur les méthodes de la théorie des perturbations d'ordre infini. Ces approximations sont déjà connues; ici leur nature formelle est clarifiée et des conditions pour qu'ils aient des propietées extrémales sont données. Le comportement oscillatoire autour de la valeur propre exacte, observé auparavant, est expliqué.Es wurde eine Ableitung von Annäherungen einer Entwicklung der Energie in Kettenbrüchen beschrieben. Sie ist auf Methoden der Störungstheorie unendlicher Ordnung gegründet. Diese Annäherungen sind schon früher eingeführt worden; hier wurde ihre formale Natur abgeklärt und Bedingungen, unter welchen sie Extremaleigenschaften besitzen, wurden hergeleitet. Die Schwingungem um den exakten Eigenwert, die früher in dem Mathieuproblem beobachtet worden sind, wurder hier erklärt.
Scaled AMO Calculations on the Hydrogen Molecule
Authors: BRÄNDAS ERKKI 
Published: September 2017

The energy curve for the state of H2 is calculated. An AMO treatment, where the alternant orbitals are differently scaled is used. The three parameters needed are completely varied, this gives satisfactory results. General features of the AMO method, shown up in the present work, are pointed out and connections with earlier calculations are discussed.On a calculé la courbe d'énergie potentielle de l'état de H2 par la méthode AMO avec des “constantes d'échelle” différentes pour les deux orbitales alternantes. Les trois paramètres ont été complètement variés, ce qui donne des résultats satisfaisants. On discute quelques aspects généraux de la méthode AMO, qui se sont manifestés dans le présent calcul, ainsi que les rapports avec d'autres calculs.Die Potentialkurve für den Zustand des Wasserstoffmoleküls wurde mit der AMO Methode mit verschiedenen Koordinatenstreckungsfaktoren für die zwei alternierenden Orbitale berechnet. Die drei Parameter wurden vollständig variiert, was befriedigende Resultate gab. Allgemeine Züge der AMO‐Methode, die in dieser Berechnung erschienen sind, and Verbindungen mit anderen Berechnungen wurden diskutiert.
Olfactory Derived Stem Cells Delivered in a Biphasic Conduit Promote Peripheral Nerve Repair In Vivo
Authors: Roche Phoebe , Alekseeva Tijna , Widaa Amro , Ryan Alan , Matsiko Amos , Walsh Michael , Duffy Garry P. , O'Brien Fergal J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPeripheral nerve injury presents significant therapeutic challenges for recovery of motor and sensory function in patients. Different clinical approaches exist but to date there has been no consensus on the most effective method of treatment. Here, we investigate a novel approach to peripheral nerve repair using olfactory derived stem (ONS) cells delivered in a biphasic collagen and laminin functionalized hyaluronic acid based nerve guidance conduit (NGC). Nerve regeneration was studied across a 10-mm sciatic nerve gap in Sprague Dawley rats. The effect of ONS cell loading of NGCs with or without nerve growth factor (NGF) supplementation on nerve repair was compared to a cell-free NGC across a variety of clinical, functional, electrophysiological, and morphologic parameters. Animals implanted with ONS cell loaded NGCs demonstrated improved clinical and electrophysiological outcomes compared to cell free NGC controls. The nerves regenerated across ONS cell loaded NGCs contained significantly more axons than cell-free NGCs. A return of the nocioceptive withdrawal reflex in ONS cell treated animals indicated an advanced repair stage at a relatively early time point of 8 weeks post implantation. The addition of NGF further improved the outcomes of the repair indicating the potential beneficial effect of a combined stem cell/growth factor treatment strategy delivered on NGCs.
Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes with β‐Carboline Ligands.
Authors: Maisuls Iván , Wolcan Ezequiel , Piro Oscar E. , Castellano Eduardo E. , Petroselli Gabriela , Erra‐Balsells Rosa , Cabrerizo Franco M. , Ruiz Gustavo T. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTwo β‐carboline rhenium(I) complexes, fac‐[Re(CO)3(dppz)(nHo)]O3SCF3 and fac‐[Re(CO)3(nHo)2Cl] where dppz=dipyrido[3, 2‐a:2′,3′‐c] phenazine and nHo=9H‐pyrido[3, 4‐b]indole (norharmane), have been synthesized. These complexes were fully characterized by structural X‐ray diffraction, 1H and 13C NMR, UV‐vis absorption and FT‐IR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Ground state geometry optimization was carried out in vacuo with the PBE0 hybrid functional using the LanL2DZ basis set. The characterization was complemented with TD‐DFT calculations using several hybrid functionals. Cellular uptake and cytotoxic effect of both complexes against human lung carcinoma (A549) cells were evaluated. For comparative purpose, two related fac‐[Re(CO)3(L)(nHo)]+ complexes (L=bpy and phen) were included in the biological studies. The anti‐proliferative effect of the compounds was rationalized in terms of the different extension of the ligands π‐system.
The Effect of Solution pH and Temperature on the Oscillatory Electro‐Oxidation of Formic Acid on Platinum
Authors: Hartl Fabian W. , Varela Hamilton 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe effect of solution pH on the electro‐oxidation of formic acid has been discussed in terms of the key role of solution HCOO− species on the third parallel pathway, besides the indirect oxidation via and a possible third pathway involving bridge‐bonded formate. In this contribution we study the role of solution pH and temperature on the oscillatory electro‐oxidation of formic acid on platinum. Highest oxidation rates were found roughly from pH from 5 to 12, whereas no potential oscillations were recorded between pH 4 and 11, probably due to the very fast rates of the main current carrier step: the direct oxidation of solution formate. The decrease in the oxidation rates at high pH also results in the appearance of oscillations at pH 13 and 14, which were considerably distinct than those found in acidic media. The system was further studied from 25 to 50 oC at nine temperatures, and activation energies were estimated in all cases. Overall, the discussion was based in the fact that, under oscillatory regime, many reaction steps are simultaneously active and this is the cause of the peculiarities found in this system, in contrast to that under conventional conditions.
Are comorbid anxiety disorders a risk factor for suicide attempts in patients with mood disorders? A two-year prospective study
Authors: Abreu L.N. , Oquendo M.A. , Galfavy H. , Burke A. , Grunebaum M.F. , Sher L. , Sullivan G.M. , Sublette M.E. , Mann J. , Lafer B. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackground:Comorbid anxiety disorders have been considered a risk factor for suicidal behavior in patients with mood disorders, although results are controversial. The aim of this two-year prospective study was to determine if lifetime and current comorbid anxiety disorders at baseline were risk factors for suicide attempts during the two-year follow-up.Methods:We evaluated 667 patients with mood disorders (504 with major depression and 167 with bipolar disorder) divided in two groups: those with lifetime comorbid anxiety disorders (n= 229) and those without (n= 438). Assessments were performed at baseline and at 3, 12, and 24 months. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test were used to evaluate the relationship between anxiety disorders and suicide attempts. Cox proportional hazard regression was performed to investigate clinical and demographic variables that were associated with suicide attempts during follow-up.Results:Of the initial sample of 667 patients, 480 had all three follow-up interviews. During the follow-up, 63 patients (13.1%) attempted suicide at least once. There was no significant difference in survival curves for patients with and without comorbid anxiety disorders (log-rank test = 0.269;P= 0.604). Female gender (HR = 3.66,P= 0.001), previous suicide attempts (HR = 3.27,P= 0.001) and higher scores in the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (HR = 1.05,P≤ 0.001) were associated with future suicide attempts.Conclusions:Our results suggest that comorbid anxiety disorders were not risk factors for suicide attempts. Further studies were needed to determine the role of anxiety disorders as risk factors for suicide attempts.
Amelioration of caffeine-induced seizures by modulators of sigma, N-methyl-d-Aspartate and ryanodine receptors in mice
Authors: Keshavarz Mojtaba , Hoseini Seyyed , Akbarzadeh Samad 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiepileptic effects of opipramol, a sigma receptor agonist, diazepam, ketamine, an N-methyl-d-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, and dantrolene, a ryanodine receptor antagonist, against caffeine-induced seizures in mice.Methods We used caffeine (1000 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for inducing clonic and tonic-clonic seizures in male albino Swiss strain of mice. We used opipramol in three different doses (10, 20 and 50 mg/kg), ketamine (50 mg/kg), dantrolene (40 mg/kg), opipramol (20 mg/kg) plus ketamine (50 mg/kg), opipramol (20 mg/kg) plus dantrolene (40 mg/kg), diazepam (5 mg/kg as a positive control) and the vehicle 30 min before injecting caffeine. We recorded the onset of clonic, tonic-clonic seizures and the time of death of animals after using caffeine.Results Animals treated with opipramol at a dose of 50 mg/kg or diazepam had a higher onset of clonic seizure compared with the vehicle-treated group. Dantrolene alone or with opipramol (20 mg/kg) increased the latency of clonic seizure compared with the control group. Opipramol (20 and 50 mg/kg), diazepam, ketamine alone or with opipramol, and dantrolene plus opipramol increased the latency of tonic-clonic seizures in mice. All the treatments except opipramol (10 mg/kg) and dantrolene alone increased the latency of death of animals.Conclusion Opipramol attenuated seizures produced by high doses of caffeine. Moreover, the activation of sigma receptors and inhibition of ryanodine receptors may produce synergistic effects against caffeine-induced seizures. Our study may imply that different mechanisms such as inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid-A receptors, activation of NMDA and ryanodine receptors may contribute to the caffeine-induced seizures.