bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Voltaire's Quakers to John Boyle's Methodists: Religious Dispute, Bardolatry, and ‘Patriot Enthusiasm’
Authors: Sell Jonathan P.A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThrough the prism of Voltaire's letters on the Quakers (1733) and John Boyle's riposte in his preface to Father Brumoy's The Greek Theatre (1759), some Shakespeare criticism of the period is shown to have drawn on issues of religious controversy, in this case, Methodist enthusiasm, to formulate some of the principal tenets of fledgling bardolatry. Further, as one strand within ‘patriot enthusiasm’, by instituting a national congregation of admirers, the surrogate faith of bardolatry achieved in part the comprehension ruled out by the Toleration Act (1689), while its irrationality sheltered the supernatural on its eviction from rationalized religion.
Tuberculosis reactivation following apremilast therapy for psoriasis: Time to consider routine TB screening?
Authors: Adams Lucinda , Smith Emma L. , Tilakaratne Dev , Krause Vicki 
Published: September 2024

AbstractApremilast is a relatively new oral treatment for psoriasis, which reduces expression of pro‐inflammatory factors, including tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNFα), critical to the immune control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. In randomised controlled trials (RCTs) for apremilast no new cases of active tuberculosis (TB) were identified, thus, screening for latent TB infection (LTBI) is not currently recommended prior to apremilast initiation. We describe a case of M.tuberculosis reactivation shortly after commencement of apremilast for psoriasis. We are recommending clinicians perform LTBI risk assessment in all patients, and appropriate LTBI screening in select populations prior to apremilast initiation.
Proving injustice: Smuggler killings, impunity work, and vernacular counterforensics in Turkey's Kurdish borderlands
Authors: Bozçalı Fırat 
Published: September 2024

AbstractKurdish smugglers have been targeted and killed by security forces in Turkey's Van borderlands systematically and with impunity. In response, the killed smugglers’ families and their lawyers conducted what I call vernacular counterforensics—the forensic examination both of the killings and of the legal authorities’ failure to investigate them properly. Associating the Kurdish borderlands with terrorism, the legal authorities often avoided collecting evidence on the killings to make potential perpetrators remain unknown or legally authorize the killings. By documenting this impunity work through their counterforensics, Kurdish complainants and lawyers demonstrated the judiciary's complicity in the systemization of state anti‐Kurdish violence. While anthropological studies show that criminal law operates by individualizing violation claims and perpetrators, vernacular counterforensics illustrates a distinct use of criminal law that reveals, rather than blurs, the state crimes’ systematic‐collective aspects. Rather than differentiating technoscientifically produced crime scene evidence from the political circumstances of state crimes, Kurdish complainants and their lawyers used the selective production of such evidence to corroborate the killings’ unlawfulness and their systematic‐collective character. This dual use of forensic evidence permits us to rethink analytical and methodological premises that view forensic evidence as fully verifiable and universally applicable and contrast it against contextual and contingent knowledge forms.
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing prior to radical cystectomy: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Guo Allen Ao , Zeng Kieran , Bushati Ymer , Kim Paul , Zhong Wenjie , Chalasani Venu , Winter Matthew 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveTo identify the association between cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and outcomes of radical cystectomy (RC), as RC is historically associated with high rates of short‐ and long‐term morbidity and mortality.MethodsThis quantitative systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis guidelines. An electronic literature search was conducted to identify all relevant studies evaluating the relationship between CPET parameters and RC outcomes. The primary outcome was short‐term mortality. Secondary outcomes included hospital length of stay (LOS) and rate of serious adverse events as defined by the Clavien–Dindo classification.ResultsThe search identified six studies for inclusion. A total of 546 patients underwent CPET prior to RC. There were significantly more deaths following RC observed in patients with poorer cardiopulmonary function (risk ratio RR 5.80, 95% confidence interval 4.96–6.78). There was no significant association between CPET parameters and adverse events or hospital LOS.ConclusionsThe present systematic review and meta‐analysis identified a greater risk of 90‐day mortality in patients with poorer cardiorespiratory function, as measured by CPET. However, there remains a paucity of robust clinical data and further high‐quality studies are required to verify these results.
Low sensitivity of a self‐report questionnaire for hand eczema in hairdressing apprentices
Authors: Kovačić Jelena , Franić Zrinka , Bjelajac Adrijana , Macan Jelena 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe validity of the self‐report questionnaire for hand eczema (HE) among Croatian hairdressers was not investigated previously, leading to uncertainty in the prevalence estimated from self‐reported data.ObjectivesTo (1) investigate the validity of the self‐report questionnaire for HE in hairdressing apprentices and (2) examine the differences between apprentices who recognised their HE symptoms and those who did not.MethodsClinical examination for HE signs on hands and wrists was performed by the Osnabrueck Hand Eczema Severity Index for 408 apprentices at four visits covering the entire schooling period. Self‐report HE was based on the Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire.ResultsLow sensitivity (7%–37%) with high specificity (≥95%) was observed, with both measures improving from baseline to last visit. The severity of HE signs was the only factor associated with the correct identification of HE signs in analyses adjusted for previous HE signs, health‐related quality of life, and atopic dermatitis (adjusted odds ratios of 1.58 with 95% confidence interval [1.06–2.35] and 1.74[1.38–2.19] at second and third follow‐up visit, respectively).ConclusionsSelf‐report questionnaire for HE showed low sensitivity in hairdressing apprentices, especially at the beginning of training and in those with mild symptoms. Further validation studies following questionnaire modifications aimed at adolescent population are advised.
Einfluss von Alkoholabusus und Lebensstil bei Patienten mit Psoriasis auf das Ansprechen auf IL‐17‐ und IL‐23‐Inhibitoren
Authors: Mastorino Luca , Daniele Rebecca , Dapavo Paolo , Frigatti Giada , Ponti Renata , Giunipero di Corteranzo Isotta , Bongiovanni Eleonora , Quaglino Pietro , Ribero Simone 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungHintergrundAlkoholabusus ist mit Manifestation und Exazerbation der Psoriasis assoziiert, aber wie beim Rauchen ist der Einfluss dieser Genussdroge auf biologische Therapien noch nicht hinreichend untersucht.Material und MethodenDiese Studie untersucht die Prävalenz von Alkoholabusus sowie weiteren Lebensstilfaktoren (wie Rauchen oder Bewegungsmangel) bei Patienten mit Psoriasis, die mit topischen Arzneimitteln, konventionellen Systemtherapeutika oder Biologika behandelt werden. Das zweite Studienziel ist, den Einfluss des persönlichen Lebensstils (mit Schwerpunkt Alkoholabusus) auf das Ansprechen auf Biologika zu untersuchen. Zur Identifikation einer Alkoholabhängigkeit verwendeten wir bei den Patienten unserer Poliklinik den CAGE‐Fragebogen.ErgebnisseInsgesamt wurden 305 Patienten eingeschlossen. Von diesen hatten 18% ein hohes Risiko für Alkoholabusus. Bei den Patienten mit erhöhtem Risiko für Alkoholabusus fanden sich Psoriasis guttata und Psoriasis‐Arthritis überdurchschnittlich häufig. Außerdem hatten Patienten mit Alkoholproblemen zu Beginn einer Therapie mit Biologika höhere PASI‐Werte im Vergleich zu denjenigen, die weniger tranken. Keine der hier betrachteten Variablen schien assoziiert zu sein mit einem Absetzen der Medikation oder mit einer schlechteren Erreichbarkeit der untersuchten Ergebnisparameter (PASI100, PASI90 und PASI≤3). Die Assoziation zur Alkoholabhängigkeit war bei Patienten unter konventioneller Therapie deutlicher ausgeprägt als bei mit Biologika behandelten Patienten.SchlussfolgerungenDie Wirksamkeit von Biologika schien durch Alkoholkonsum, Rauchen oder Bewegungsmangel nicht beeinträchtigt zu sein.
Intravenöse Behandlung der Calcinosis cutis mit Natriumthiosulfat – eine Fallserie
Authors: Bruns Tom , Sunderkötter Cord , Wohlrab Johannes 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungAls Calcinosis cutis definiert man die Ablagerung von Kalziumsalzen in der Haut. Die dystrophische Variante ist die häufigste Form und tritt meist bei chronischen Entzündungen im Zusammenhang mit Kollagenosen auf. Als Therapieoptionen stehen die operative Exzision sowie wenige medikamentöse Behandlungen zur Verfügung. Insgesamt ist die Evidenz der bekannten Therapiemaßnahmen sehr niedrig und folgend fehlen valide Handlungsempfehlungen.Natriumthiosulfat wird intravenös bereits mit Erfolg bei der Therapie der Calciphylaxie eingesetzt. In unserer Fallserie erhielten fünf Patienten mit dystropher Calcinosis cutis Natriumthiosulfat intravenös über mindestens sechs Zyklen jeweils an fünf aufeinanderfolgenden Tagen pro Monat, mit Einzeldosen von 12,5 g beziehungsweise 25,0 g. Eine Abnahme der kalzifizierten Herde konnte dabei nicht sicher belegt, aber stabile Krankheitsverhältnisse erzielt werden.Möglicherweise kann Natriumthiosulfat intravenös einem Progress der Calcinosis cutis entgegenwirken. Die in der Literatur beschriebene, erfolgreiche Anwendung epikutan applizierten Natriumthiosulfats legt nahe, dass hier möglicherweise eine höhere kutane Bioverfügbarkeit erzielt wird, um einen lytischen Effekt auf die Calcinosis cutis zu erzielen. Dafür spricht auch die beschriebene Wirksamkeit von hochdosiertem Natriumthiosulfat bei der Calciphylaxie.
Sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and the risk of Parkinson disease in real‐world patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Guo Jingchuan , Tang Huilin , Shao Hui , Lu Ying , Shi Lizheng , Fonseca Vivian A. , Cho Hwayoung , Guo Yi , Bian Jiang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractImportanceDiabetes increases the risk of Parkinson disease (PD). Sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, a new glucose‐lowering therapeutic class, have shown neuroprotective effects in mechanistic studies. However, the association between SGLT2 inhibitors and PD risk in real‐world populations with type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear.ObjectiveThe aim was to assess the association between SGLT2 inhibitors and the risk of PD in older populations with T2D.Design, Setting and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort analysis used Medicare claims data from 2016 to 2020 to identify fee‐for‐service beneficiaries ≥65 years diagnosed with T2D and without pre‐existing PD.ExposuresThe initiation of an SGLT2 inhibitor was compared with that of a dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP4) inhibitor.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe outcome was the first incident PD ever since the date initiating either an SGLT2 inhibitor or a DPP4 inhibitor. We employed a 1:1 propensity score matching to balance the baseline covariates between treatment groups, including sociodemographics, comorbidities and co‐medications. We applied Cox regression models to assess the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors versus DPP4 inhibitors on incident PD.ResultsOf 89 330 eligible Medicare beneficiaries (mean age: 75 ± 7 years, 52% women), 0.6% (n = 537) had incident PD over the follow‐up. After 1:1 propensity matching, the PD incidence was 2.5 and 3.5 events per 1000 person‐years in the SGLT2 inhibitor group and DPP4 inhibitor group, respectively. The SGLT2 inhibitor group was associated with a significantly lower risk of incident PD than the DPP4 inhibitor group (hazard ratio: 0.70 [95% confidence interval: 0.55–0.89]). There is a potential trend that the risk reduction in incident PD was profound in non‐Hispanic Black individuals and insulin users.Conclusion and RelevanceCompared to DPP4 inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with a significantly lower risk of incident PD in older populations with T2D.
Milking a spherical cow: Toy models in neuroscience
Authors: Beer Randall D. , Barwich Ann‐Sophie , Severino Gabriel J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThere are many different kinds of models, and they play many different roles in the scientific endeavour. Neuroscience, and biology more generally, has understandably tended to emphasise empirical models that are grounded in data and make specific, experimentally testable predictions. Meanwhile, strongly idealised or ‘toy’ models have played a central role in the theoretical development of other sciences such as physics. In this paper, we examine the nature of toy models and their prospects in neuroscience.
Effects of auricular vagus nerve stimulation and electrical earlobe stimulation on motor‐evoked potential changes induced by paired associative stimulation
Authors: Haakana Piia , Nätkynmäki Anna , Kirveskari Erika , Mäkelä Jyrki P. , Kilgard Michael P. , Tarvainen Mika P. , Shulga Anastasia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPaired associative stimulation (PAS) is a combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS). PAS can induce long‐term potentiation (LTP)‐like plasticity in humans, manifested as motor‐evoked potential (MEP) enhancement. We have developed a variant of PAS (“high‐PAS”), which consists of high‐frequency PNS and high‐intensity TMS and targets spinal plasticity and promotes rehabilitation after spinal cord injury (SCI). Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) promotes LTP‐like plasticity and enhances recovery in SCI and stroke in humans and animals when combined with repetitive motor training. We combined high‐PAS with simultaneous noninvasive transcutaneous auricular VNS (aVNS) to determine if aVNS enhances the extent of PAS‐induced MEP amplitude increase. Sixteen healthy participants were stimulated for 20 min in four different sessions (PAS, PAS + aVNS, PAS + shamVNS, and aVNS) in a randomized single‐blind setup. MEPs were measured before, immediately after, and at 30, 60, and 90 min post‐stimulation. Stimulation protocols with PAS significantly potentiated MEPs (p = 0.005) when compared with aVNS (p = 0.642). Although not significant, MEP enhancement observed after PAS (43.5%) is further increased by aVNS (49.7%) and electrical earlobe stimulation (63.9%). Our aVNS setup failed to significantly enhance the effect of PAS, but sham VNS revealed a trend towards enhanced plasticity. Optimization of auricular VNS stimulation setup is required for possible tests of patients with SCI.
Intra‐individual modulations and inter‐individual variations of female signals in the domestic canary (Serinus canaria)
Authors: Le Gal Camille , Derégnaucourt Sébastien , Amy Mathieu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDuring courtship, animals perform conspicuous and elaborate signals. In birds, courtship involved often mutual engagement by both partners but most research on courtship behaviours has focused on male signals despite of growing interest for female signals in recent years. Here, we show that female domestic canaries (Serinus canaria) have the ability to modulate their sexual response to male songs. To do so, we exposed females to two types of song (very attractive and moderately attractive songs) during two consecutive reproductive cycles. We measured both visual (copulation solicitation displays, CSD) and vocal signals (copulation solicitation trills, CST; contact calls, CC and simple trills, ST) emitted by the females during song broadcast. We observed that females could modify the characteristics of their signals (duration and the number of elements of CSD, duration, frequency and number of notes of calls) depending on song attractiveness and the number of times they were exposed to a male's song. We also found that some females always emitted more signals than others (i.e. stable inter‐individual differences) regardless of the song attractiveness and across reproductive cycles. Further studies are necessary to check whether female signals constitute sexual ornaments and if they could stimulate male canaries during courtship.
Polistes dominula spatial learning abilities while foraging
Authors: Moreyra Sabrina , Lozada Mariana 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe eusocial “paper wasp” Polistes dominula is an invasive species that has successfully established worldwide. In the present study, we investigate the foraging behaviour of P. dominula wasps when revisiting previously gathered resources. We recorded the number of learning flights and food manipulation efficiency performed by a single target wasp during several consecutive collecting visits. Additionally, we analysed P. dominula relocating behaviour when dealing with changes in food position. We assessed whether wasps choose the previously visited dish containing food or opt for a novel baited dish placed 60 cm away. Then, we trained wasps to collect food either once or three times and compared the time taken to find the novel food position when it was displaced 60 cm away. This is the first study to demonstrate relocating behaviour in P. dominula in which wasps rapidly learned to return to certain food sites. A significant reduction in learning flights after only one collecting visit was observed. Likewise, wasps learned to manipulate the resource spending less time after each experience. Moreover, when two food sources were offered, after just one visit, the majority of wasps collected the resource from the previously rewarded dish. Furthermore, when food was displaced, foragers found the new food location more rapidly after one visit than after three consecutive collecting experiences. Our findings contribute to the understanding of P. dominula behavioural plasticity while collecting food sources in anthropized environments, which highlight the importance of considering such learning experiences.
The family alliance as a facilitator of therapeutic change in systemic relational psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: A case study
Authors: D'Ascenzo Iolanda , Vilaregut Anna , Zurdo Verónica , Torras Sonia , Cartujo Ignacio Bolaños 
Published: September 2024

AbstractManaging the Therapeutic Alliance is often complex when it comes to the treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD), but the alliance is crucial for the success of the therapy. Combined individual and family interventions have been shown to be very useful in treating of these cases. This study has two objectives. First, to describe how the family therapeutic alliance facilitates therapeutic change through family psychotherapy for families with a member diagnosed with BPD. Second, to analyze how the therapeutic change achieved through combined individual and family systemic relational psychotherapy affects the individual functioning of the patient with BPD. This single case study used the System of Observation of Family Therapy Alliances (SOFTA‐o) to analyze the therapeutic alliance, along with two semi‐structured clinical interviews, one at the beginning and one at the end of therapy. Results show a dynamic and positive evolution of the therapeutic alliance throughout the therapeutic process and how this alliance facilitated therapeutic change, both reducing the symptomatology of the patient with BPD and improving family communication and functioning. Results contribute to highlighting the importance of including family therapy as an intervention unit in protocols for patients with BPD.
Effects of different reheating methods on lipid oxidation in frozen silver carp fish cakes
Authors: Wang Bin , Sun Yudi , Jiang Qixing , Xu Yanshun , Xia Wenshui 
Published: September 2024

SummaryThis study investigated the effect of five different reheating methods (boiling water, steaming, low‐heat microwave at 120 W, medium‐heat microwave at 400 W, high‐heat microwave at 800 W) on lipid oxidation of silver carp fish cake. The changes of lipid content, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value, acid value (AV), peroxide value (POV), volatile flavour components and fatty acid composition were detected. The results indicated that products reheated with medium‐heat microwave had higher lipid content, lower TBA, AV and POV value. The medium‐heat and high‐heat microwave reheated group had larger variety of volatile flavour substances. Moreover, the relative content of hexanal and heptanal related to unpleasant “overcooked taste” was less, and the relative content of 2‐heptanone, which contributed to the reduction of fishy odour, was more in medium‐heated microwave group. The content of monounsaturated fatty acids in the medium‐heat microwave group was higher than other reheating methods, so as the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids. Considering all indicators, medium‐heat microwave reheating is more recommended due to its inhibition of fat oxidation.
Factors Associated With Pain Perception and Management Among Paediatric Nurses and Nursing Students Using Virtual Children: A Comparative Study
Authors: Lee Hyejung , Lee Hyeryeong , Oh Sumi , Park Chang Gi 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo identify and compare factors associated with pain perception and management among paediatric nurses and nursing students using virtual human technology.DesignThis study employed a comparative, cross‐sectional design.MethodsFifty‐one paediatric nurses from a tertiary hospital and 50 senior nursing students from a nursing college, both located in South Korea, participated in the study. Virtual vignettes, including scenarios with virtual children and their clinical information, were used to assess participants' pain perception and management. The virtual children, created from real face photos, varied in age (young/old), sex (boy/girl) and facial expressions (smile/grimace). Participants rated perceived pain scores and selected management choices for eight virtual vignettes, which were randomly presented. The Korean version of the Paediatric Nurses' Knowledge and Attitude Survey was completed along with demographic information.ResultsBoth paediatric nurses and nursing students rated pain scores lower than the actual pain scores reported by virtual children. Nurses rated higher pain scores and accordingly selected more medication doses compared to students. Beyond pain‐related knowledge, the facial expression of the virtual child influenced pain rating and medication choices, while age and sex had no effect.ConclusionNursing students were more sensitive to the facial expressions of virtual children when rating their pain compared to nurses. Future studies should explore how paediatric nurses' clinical experiences impact their assessment and management of child patient pain.Implications for the Profession and Patient CarePaediatric nurses' knowledge of pain is inadequate, necessitating ongoing education in pain management. Both nurses and nursing students should self‐reflect on their pain assessment practices to ensure unbiased care regardless of child patients' characteristics.ImpactVirtual human technology can be utilised to train nurses and students to identify and address any biases in their assessment of patients' pain perception.Reporting MethodSTROBE checklist, cross‐sectional.Patient or Public ContributionDigital face photos of four healthy children were used as the fundamental material for creating virtual children, with their parents' consent.