bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near infrared spectroscopy as a tool for in-line control of process and material properties of PLA biopolymer
Authors: Becker Wolfgang , Inone-Kauffmann Emilia , Eckl Wilhelm , Eisenreich Norbert 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has become an analytical tool for
material and process control, leading to substantial quality
improvements in the output material. In the field of polymer
processing NIR spectroscopy has been increasingly applied for
on-/in-line monitoring, mainly for lab-scale process development but
also for the production of high-value materials. For this paper the
bio-polymer polylactide (PLA) was investigated by NIRS in the range of
1.2 to 2.4 μm, in order to identify modifications induced by
additives of nanofil® and nano titanium
oxide. Although these additives do not strongly absorb NIR radiation,
their influence can be analysed using chemometric codes, due to their
light scattering. A twin screw extruder (Haake Polylab PTW 16) was
used to extrude polymer pellets mixed with the additives. The extruder
was fed by a single screw metering feeder. The optical sensor probes
(glass fibers) were placed between the screw and the nozzle to achieve
a good optical throughput and to withstand typical temperature and
pressure conditions during the extrusion (up to
220 ℃ and a few 10 MPa). The on-line NIR
spectroscopy provided real time information which could be used for
continuous process or feeding control. The chemometric data evaluation
was able to quantify the measured values, especially the content of
the additives in the compounds. The established statistical models
predicted the actual values with high correlation coefficients
(> 0.99). The additives altered the viscosity of the melt and the
mechanical properties (Young's modulus) of injection moulded test
samples of the compound.
Non-destructive determination of grape berry sugar concentration using visible/near infrared imaging and possible impact on wine quality
Authors: Lafontaine Magali , Bockaj Zrinka , Freund Maximilian , Vieth Kai-Uwe , Negara Christian , Längle Thomas 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Reducing heterogeneity in harvest material would be beneficial for wine
quality and this goal may be achieved through advanced berry sorting
systems. The general aim was to assess if a relationship could be found
between sugar concentration and hyperspectral images. Grapes were picked at
different stages of maturity and the berries were sorted according to their
size and density. Hyperspectral images of the berry subsamples were obtained
in the vis/NIR wavelength range with a complete spectrum from 400 nm to
2500 nm. Our results showed that vis/NIR can be used to improve the
segregation of berries from all tested grape varieties based on their sugar
concentration. All berries from all 12 grape varieties were used to train the
regression model and the predictive power was tested on all each grape variety
separately, while later validated on each variety separately, proving the
possibility of using a general regression model with constant
parameters to predict sugar concentration. Finally, the
impact on quality was tested for red wines. Pinot noir berries with higher sugar concentrations presented more color since anthocyanin concentration was higher. Nevertheless, tannin concentration in skins and seeds tended to decrease. Berries with higher sugar concentration resulted in wines with higher anthocyanin and lower tannin concentration.
Protecting the food supply chain: Utilizing SERS and portable Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Sourdaine Maja , Guenther Derek , Dowgiallo Anne-Marie , Harvey Cleo , Mattley Yvette , Guckian Adrian , Lischtschenko Oliver 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Ensuring food safety in various steps along the entire food value
chain is crucial to prevent undesired and harmful substances entering
the food humans consume. Pesticides and antifungal agents used during
growth, processing or along the logistic chain from the field to the
consumer can be toxic causing a range of symptoms from stomach pain to
the death of the consumer even at trace levels of concentrations. To
prevent dangerous contaminants from entering the food chain
governmental restrictions on a large number of components have been
established and are tightly monitored. For a large number of tests
complex and sophisticated equipment is required along with time
consuming sample preparation steps, not permitting instantaneous
sampling of the specimen at the point of measurement or in a timely
manner. High costs and poor reproducibility of commercially available
substrates have so far limited the successful application of surface
enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) measurements along the food value
chain. The use of an affordable handheld Raman instrument with
affordable, mass-producible and reproducible SERS substrates will be
described in the frame of the contribution with respect to
requirements imposed at various stages along the food value chain.
A Neo-Assyrian Slave Sale Contract of 725 BC from the Peshdar Plain and the Location of the Palace Herald’s Province
Authors: Radner Karen 
Published: December 2015

Abstract:This paper presents a first edition of a new clay tablet in Neo-Assyrian language and cuneiform script. The fragmentary text was found in 2013 at the site of Qalat-i Dinka in the Peshdar Plain, Sulaymaniyah Province, Kurdish Autonomous Region of Iraq. It documents the sale of a slave woman in the year 725 BC, when the area was part of the Assyrian Empire and quite possible of the Province of the Palace Herald.
Probleme iranischer Literatur und Religion unter den Achämeniden
Authors: Hutter Manfred 
Published: December 2015

Zusammenfassung: Die lange mündliche Überlieferung des Avesta als nicht fest umrissenes Corpus zeigt, dass der Gott (Ahura) Mazdā kein monotheistisches System repräsentiert, sondern er neben anderen Göttern verehrt wurde. Die Hervorhebung Ahuramazdās in den achämenidischen Königsinschriften seit Dareios ist politisch motiviert, weil dadurch eine programmatische Distanzierung zu Elam ausgedrückt wurde, wohingegen im Alltag ein religiöser Pluralismus herrschte.Abstract: The oral transmission of the Avesta tells us that the god (Ahura) Mazdā is not part of a monotheistic belief system. His prominent position expressed by the royal inscriptions of the Achaemenids has been motivated by political reason to separate the Achaemenid dynasty in the line of Dareios from traditions stemming from Elam, while in everyday life we encounter various forms of religious traditions.Résumé: La longue transmission orale de l’Avesta comme corpus non clairement défini, montre que le dieu (Ahura) Mazdā ne se concevait pas dans un système monothéiste, mais qu’il fut adoré parmi d’autres dieux. La mise en avant d’Ahuramazdā dans les inscriptions royales achéménides depuis Darius est motivée politiquement. Par là on exprime une distanciation programmatique par rapport à Elam, alors que dans le quotidien un pluralisme religieux domine.
Autoregulación y creatividad publicitaria en el sector del automóvil en España: freno al tren verde
Authors: Núñez Cansado Marian , Rodrigo Martín Luis 
Published: December 2015

El abuso de términos ecológicos en el sector motor ha llevado a las instituciones nacionales e internacionales relacionadas con la autorregulación publicitaria a crear Códigos de regulación medioambiental en las comunicaciones comerciales. A pesar de la existencia de nuevas normas de conducta, las grandes marcas de automóvil con impávida actitud, siguen profanando una y otra vez el término ecología, atendiendo a intereses propios y contrarios al del consumidor. Planteamos en este artículo una visión general de la situación actual: haciendo un recorrido por las principales normas de autorregulación, las sentencias existentes hasta el momento, y las campañas infractoras, con el fin de que el lector pueda decidir si la autorregulación ha logrado o no frenar este tren verde.
Energetics, Biomechanics, and Performance in Masters' Swimmers: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ferreira Maria I. , Barbosa Tiago M. , Costa Mário J. , Neiva Henrique P. , Marinho Daniel A. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Ferreira, MI, Barbosa, TM, Costa, MJ, Neiva, HP, and Marinho, DA. Energetics, biomechanics, and performance in masters' swimmers: a systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 30(7): 2069–2081, 2016—This study aimed to summarize evidence on masters' swimmers energetics, biomechanics, and performance gathered in selected studies. An expanded search was conducted on 6 databases, conference proceedings, and department files. Fifteen studies were selected for further analysis. A qualitative evaluation of the studies based on the Quality Index (QI) was performed by 2 independent reviewers. The studies were thereafter classified into 3 domains according to the reported data: performance (10 studies), energetics (4 studies), and biomechanics (6 studies). The selected 15 articles included in this review presented low QI scores (mean score, 10.47 points). The biomechanics domain obtained higher QI (11.5 points), followed by energetics and performance (10.6 and 9.9 points, respectively). Stroke frequency (SF) and stroke length (SL) were both influenced by aging, although SF is more affected than SL. Propelling efficiency (η
p
) decreased with age. Swimming performance declined with age. The performance declines with age having male swimmers deliver better performances than female counterparts, although this difference tends to be narrow in long-distance events. One single longitudinal study is found in the literature reporting the changes in performance over time. The remaining studies are cross-sectional designs focusing on the energetics and biomechanics. Overall, biomechanics parameters, such as SF, SL, and η
p
, tend to decrease with age. This review shows the lack of a solid body of knowledge (reflected in the amount and quality of the articles published) on the changes in biomechanics, energetics, and performance of master swimmers over time. The training programs for this age-group should aim to preserve the energetics as much as possible and, concurrently, improve the technique. Training sessions should feature a higher percentage of technical drills with the goal of enhancing the swim technique. Another goal should be the association of technique enhancement with aerobic and anaerobic sets, enabling the swimmer to improve the swimming efficiency.
El lugar de la investigación desde el género. Reflexiones desde la filosofía
Authors: González Paredes Elsa 
Published: December 2015

El curso político y económico de la modernidad, la economía de mercado y su injerencia determinante en las políticas públicas ha impactado negativamente en la condición y posicionamiento de la mujer incrementando las disparidades de género, pues aun cuando se prepara y capacita a la par que el varón su participación en los espacios de toma de decisiones en puestos clave de orden superior, está marcada por una fuerte exclusión, discriminación y no reconocimiento, según la UNESCO sólo el 30% de investigadores en el mundo son mujeres y el 15% en el caso de México.Esta distinción ha sido fundamental para las sociedades masculinizadas que han utilizado la condición de la naturaleza humana para justificar la superposición de las necesidades, intereses y valores del hombre, al mismo tiempo que acreditan las diferencias en torno a cuestiones fundamentales de derechos humanos referentes a la igualdad y la identidad. La primera toma sentido en el terreno de la justicia y la equidad; mientras que la identidad apela a la cultura, a los modos de la vida y formas diferentes de ser, al Otro, que por principio debieran ser universales, es decir, indistintas al género.Este conjunto de reflexiones se arropan bajo la hermenéutica como horizonte de comprensión de la realidad que permite enfrentar el problema del género en el ámbito académico y de investigación en tanto campo de interrelación profesional que no se ciñe al encuentro de presencias biológicas, sino donde se juegan y negocian referencias simbólicas y culturales sexualizadas, determinantes del género como constructo culturizado del mundo intersubjetivo donde se materializa y toma cuerpo el viejo dilema natura versus cultura.El análisis y la propuesta se ofrece desde la realización de una lectura filosófica de la alteridad como señal de referencia que privilegia al género como un campo de sentido democrático
La eficiencia terminal de los alumnos de algunas licenciaturas y posgrados en ciencias
Authors: Reyes Cervantes Hortensia Josefina , Canizo Cortés Jaqueline , Herrera Martínez Adriana , Ibarra Reyes Cintli Estefanía 
Published: December 2015

Este es un trabajo que se basa en datos de historiales académicos de los alumnos de las generaciones 2000-2008 de las licenciaturas de Matemáticas, Matemáticas Aplicadas, Física y Física Aplicada, que se imparten en la Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas (FCFM) de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP) y una base de datos de los alumnos de las Maestría en Ciencias del Posgrado de la FCFM de la BUAP (Matemáticas y Física Aplicada). Aquí se recopilan varios resultados que se han modelado y presentado en algunas tesis de licenciatura en Matemáticas o Matemáticas Aplicadas. Por otro lado, para las Maestrías y Doctorados en Ciencias de la FCFM de la BUAP, se toman los periodos de 2003-2012 para las dos líneas en Matemáticas y Física Aplicada, respectivamente. La población de mujeres involucradas en los posgrados durante los primeros años es en general menos de la mitad de los inscritos, y se ve un relativo aumento en los últimos años. En particular, todos los alumnos de los Doctorado en Matemáticas y Física Aplicada están teniendo un tiempo muy similar para obtener el grado, aunque en general para todos los posgrados en los hombres es menor. Finalmente, observando la conducta terminal de las poblaciones, vemos que en las licenciaturas las mujeres en general terminan más que los hombres, aunque en los posgrados que revisamos, los hombres terminan en menos tiempo. De toda esta información, vemos un aumento relativo en la población de las mujeres en los posgrados, en las áreas de Matemáticas y Física Aplicada. El tiempo en que terminan en general, las mujeres se llevan más tiempo aunque en los últimos años se está pareciendo al de los hombres. Para el caso de los posgrados, todavía no contamos con trabajos de modelación estadística por no tener suficientes datos en las generaciones, pero sí mencionamos las evidencias descriptivas que nos permiten plantear conjeturas.
Valoraciones a la comunicación científica: Revista Cubana de Geografía
Authors: Linares Herrera Manuel Paulino , Budiño Rodríguez Ernesto , Sardiñas Gómez Orestes 
Published: December 2015

La incursión de nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación han traído al campo de la comunicación científica nuevos paradigmas para su desarrollo. Se revisa a través de un balance estadístico, el curso de las revistas temáticas en ciencias geográficas, en Portales de difusión científica, como; Redalyc y Latindex. Además se refiere la indagación, sobre la tipología de los documentos científicos y sus tendencias actuales. Se concluye sobre las estrategias qué se llevan a cabo para potenciar a la Revista Cubana de Geografía en los nuevos contextos, que van desde su acreditación con la certificación del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y medioambiente (CITMA) hasta el estudio de la implementación del gestor editorial Open Jiournal System (OJS).
Políticas de género sobre medios de comunicación. Qué existe y qué debería existir para regular los contenidos y el lenguaje de la información periodística
Authors: Tajahuerce Ángel Isabel , Padilla Castillo Graciela 
Published: December 2015

El presente artículo pretende estudiar las políticas de género sobre medios de comunicación en España, analizando qué existe y qué falta en esta materia. Plantea la necesidad de regulación del lenguaje por parte de las y los profesionales de los medios de comunicación, para lo cual se realiza un análisis histórico de las declaraciones de intenciones y de la legislación de igualdad que incluye a los medios de comunicación social y a las mujeres, desde la Declaración de los Derechos de la Mujer y de la Ciudadana de Olympe de Gouges, hasta las acciones más recientes de la ONU y de la Unión Europea. Se abre una reflexión sobre las leyes españolas actuales que tienen en cuenta a los medios de comunicación, incidiendo en aquellas parcelas donde falta normativa. Para ello, se utiliza como metodología una revisión bibliográfica pertinente y los resultados de un focus group o encuentro con periodistas de los medios de comunicación españoles más importantes, profesionales, en gran parte, sin formación específica en temas de género, que a puerta cerrada relatan sus experiencias, la línea editorial o el lenguaje sexista o no inclusivo que usan o se ven obligados a utilizar en algunas ocasiones, proponiendo nuevas líneas de regulación ética y deontológica en materia de género y formación específica en comunicación y género.
El papel de la blogosfera en la construcción social de la maternidad: de la Virgen María a las #malasmadres
Authors: Visa Barbosa Mariona , Crespo Cabillo Cira 
Published: December 2015

Este artículo traza un recorrido histórico con el objetivo de analizar la representación de la figura de la madre desde la época pre moderna hasta la actualidad. De la imagen creada por las instituciones y los medios de comunicación (partiendo de la figura de la Virgen María y el llamado “Ángel del Hogar”) hasta la madre actual definida en primera persona en los discursos de las redes sociales de Internet, veremos la evolución de la concepción social de la maternidad.. En la blogosfera maternal ha prevalecido un discurso a favor de la maternidad intensiva (Hays, 1998), aunque también han aparecido las autodenominadas #malasmadres, con un relato en el que la maternidad es vivida de manera más realista. De todas maneras, éstos testimonios se quedan en la epidermis del debate y no han construido hasta el momento un discurso maternal realmente subversivo, que desdibuje o conteste los tópicos tradicionalmente asociados a la maternidad.
Effect of the Types of Superplasticizers on the Fresh, Mechanical, and Durability Properties of the High-Performance Concrete
Authors: Yang Zhong , Zhao Hui , Sun Wei 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the types of superplasticizers (SPs) on the properties of the high-performance concrete (HPC). Three types of SPs, i.e., polycarboxylate- based (PCA) SP, sulfonated naphthalene-formaldehyde with 0.5 % sodium sulfate (LSNF) SP, and sulfonated naphthalene-formaldehyde with 16.8 % sodium sulfate (HSNF) SP, were used. The fresh, mechanical, durability properties, and water porosity of the SPs concrete were tested. Utilizing SPs in the concrete increased the initial slump and the water porosity of the concrete, reduced the mechanical properties of the concrete. The SPs-blended concrete had the higher carbonation depth and chloride ion diffusion coefficient, the better durability properties under drying–wetting cycles than the control concrete. Moreover, PCA SP of the lower dosage than LSNF, HSNF SPs was used in the concrete to achieve the same initial slump of the concrete. The concrete containing 0.28 % PCA SP had the higher slump preservation and mechanical properties, the lower water porosity, carbonation depth, and chloride ion diffusion coefficient than that with 0.8 % LSNF SP, 1.0 % HSNF SP. The concrete mixtures with 0.8 % LSNF SP, 1.0 %, HSNF SP were more effective on resistance damage under drying–wetting cycles than that with 0.28 % PCA SP.
Disruption of Epithalamic Left–Right Asymmetry Increases Anxiety in Zebrafish
Authors: Facchin Lucilla , Duboué Erik R. , Halpern Marnie E. 
Published: December 2015

Differences between the left and right sides of the brain are found throughout the animal kingdom, but the consequences of altered neural asymmetry are not well understood. In the zebrafish epithalamus, the parapineal is located on the left side of the brain where it influences development of the adjacent dorsal habenular (dHb) nucleus, causing the left and right dHb to differ in their organization, gene expression, and connectivity. Left–right (L-R) reversal of parapineal position and dHb asymmetry occurs spontaneously in a small percentage of the population, whereas the dHb develop symmetrically following experimental ablation of the parapineal. The habenular region was previously implicated in modulating fear in both mice and zebrafish, but the relevance of its L-R asymmetry is unclear. We now demonstrate that disrupting directionality of the zebrafish epithalamus causes reduced exploratory behavior and increased cortisol levels, indicative of enhanced anxiety. Accordingly, exposure to buspirone, an anxiolytic agent, significantly suppresses atypical behavior. Axonal projections from the parapineal to the dHb are more variable when it is located on the right side of the brain, revealing that L-R reversals do not necessarily represent a neuroanatomical mirror image. The results highlight the importance of directional asymmetry of the epithalamus in the regulation of stress responses in zebrafish.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe asymmetric epithalamus of zebrafish has emerged as a valuable model to explore the formation and function of left–right differences in the brain. To probe the relationship between brain laterality and behavior, we examined the effects of left–right reversal of epithalamic asymmetry or symmetric development on behavior. In both cases, zebrafish showed increased measures of fear/anxiety, including reduced exploratory behavior and delayed exit from a confined space. Adults with reversed L-R asymmetry also have elevated cortisol levels relative to controls. The results reveal the importance of directional asymmetry of the dorsal diencephalon in the modulation of anxiety.
Black and Brown Tumbling the Walls Together: African Americans and Mexican Americans Accessing Higher Education through Intersectoral Points of Contact and Interactions
Authors: Vásquez Irene E. 
Published: December 2015

While studies of relations between African American and Mexican American communities often highlight conflict or collaboration as organizing principles, this article seeks to identify where organizing efforts and advocacy intersected between these constituencies but also where influences and ideologies conjoined their social critiques. While this article focuses on how African American activists and advocacies informed Mexican American struggles, the point is to demonstrate that these groups did not operate in isolation or in organizational vacuums. This article provides an analysis of the interstitial moments of interethnic solidarities between African American and Chicana/o student and community activists in their efforts to establish cultural centers and ethnic studies programs at UCLA in 1968. Highlighting the intersectional struggles by Chicana/o and African American students, this exploratory work examines primary and secondary sources including newspaper articles, group statements and proposals, and institutional reports. Collaborative moments in the history of Chicana/o and African American student activism occurred that reflected previous Black and Brown solidarity relations as well as newly developing interactions among students. Contextually, my research situates activism on behalf of Chicana/o studies within the Civil Rights period. First, I examine the Civil Rights contexts within which Chicana/o and African American collaborative relations developed and the influences they brought to bear on activists and their agendas. Second, I note some networks and associations that occurred between African American and Chicana/o activists seeking self-determination and empowerment. Third, I feature some joint activities at UCLA that resulted in concrete institutional outcomes. In conclusion, I argue that the 1968 struggles to reform higher education became a pivotal site for Black and Brown solidarity.