bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subtotal Versus Total Parathyroidectomy for the Management of Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Optimal Surgical Modality
Authors: Albuck Aaron L. , Landau Madeleine B. , LaForteza Alexandra C. , Hussein Mohammad , Issa Peter P. , McCarthy Christina , Shama Mohamed , Toraih Eman , Kandil Emad 
Published: October 2024

Background: Surgery is the definitive treatment option for tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT), however, the optimal surgical approach remains unclear. We aimed to compare total parathyroidectomy (PTX) with auto-transplantation vs subtotal PTX for THPT through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for studies comparing outcomes of total vs subtotal PTX for THPT. A total of 28 studies (n = 1000 patients) met the inclusion criteria. Results: The mean age was 46.5 years and 53% were female. The proportion of females (59% vs 49%) was higher in the total PTX with auto-transplantation cohort ( P = .008). Both procedures had similar preoperative calcium and PTH levels. Postoperative and 6-month calcium and PTH were also comparable between groups, except transiently higher post-operative PTH in the total PTX with auto-transplantation cohort ( P = .03). Hypercalcemia cure rates were 98%-100% with no difference between surgical techniques ( P = .67). Safety profiles were comparable and low. Conclusions: Total PTX with auto-transplantation and subtotal PTX yield similar efficacy and safety for THPT, with no significant differences in cure rates, recurrence, complications, or biochemical control.
Trauma, resilience and significant relationships: Sex differences in protective factors for military mental health
Authors: Dell Lisa , Madden Kelsey , Baur Jenelle , Sbisa Alyssa , McFarlane Alexander , VanHooff Miranda , Bryant Richard , Lawrence-Wood Ellie 
Published: October 2024

Background: Military service is historically a male-dominated occupation, as such, the majority of research examining the development of mental disorder in Australian Defence Force members has had primarily male samples. While there have been mixed findings internationally regarding sex differences in rates of mental disorder and subthreshold symptoms among military personnel, across studies, the evidence tends to suggest that female military members are at least as likely as males to experience subthreshold mental health symptoms and have similar or higher rates of posttraumatic stress disorder despite the differences in roles during service. What is less understood is the impact of sex differences in symptom emergence over time and in predictors of clinical disorder. Method: The sample included a longitudinal cohort of Australian Defence Force members ( N = 8497) surveyed at Time 1 (2010) and followed up at Time 2 (2015) on measures of anger, self-perceived resilience, trauma exposure, deployment exposure, suicidality, help-seeking, relationship satisfaction and mental health disorder symptoms. Outcomes included Subthreshold Disorder (above the optimal screening cut-off on the 10-item Kessler distress scale or posttraumatic stress disorder checklist) and Probable Disorder (above the epidemiological cut-off on the 10-item Kessler distress scale or posttraumatic stress disorder checklist). Results: Results found that while lifetime trauma exposure remained the strongest predictor of later probable disorder emergence among both males and females, for females specifically, self-reported resilience was also a significant protective factor. In contrast, being in a significant relationship at Time 1 was a protective factor against the development of subthreshold disorder in males. Conclusion: For the first time, sex differences in mental health symptom emergence over time have been explored in a large Australian cohort of military members. The capacity to adapt and bounce back after adversity emerged as a proactive factor against poor mental health for females in the military and could be addressed as part of routine skills training. Social support from significant relationship was particularly important for males’ mental health, suggesting that maintaining positive relationships and supporting military spouses and partners are critical for males’ mental health.
Indigenous Autonomies in Latin America in the Face of Contemporary Capitalism: Overview, Perspectives, and Dilemmas: Part 2
Authors: Martínez Navarrete Edgars , Stahler-Sholk Richard 
Published: October 2024

This is the second part of a two-part series, beginning with the July 2024 issue of this journal, exploring the diversity of Indigenous autonomies confronting neoliberal capitalism and their dilemmas and strategic choices. Esta es la segunda parte de una serie de dos, comenzando con el número correspondiente a julio de 2024 de la presente revista, que exploran la diversidad de autonomías indígenas frente al capitalismo neoliberal, así como sus dilemas y opciones estratégicas.
Relationships Between Family Resilience, Individual Resilience, and Quality of Life in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Liu Yuan-Yuan , Shen Xia , Yang Fei , Song Shao Zheng , Huang Jian Feng 
Published: October 2024

Background: Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) have to cope with a multitude of treatment-related adverse effects that impact their quality of life (QoL) post-treatment completion. The presence of family resilience could potentially foster individual resilience and might contribute to patients’ QoL. However, this interconnection has not been confirmed. Objective: To explore the relationships between family resilience, individual resilience, and QoL in patients with HNC and to determine whether individual resilience in HNC patients functions as a mediator between family resilience and QoL. Methods: From September 2022 to June 2023, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 185 patients with HNC recruited through convenience sampling from a tertiary care hospital in Jiangsu Province, China. Self-report measures of family resilience, individual resilience, and QoL were assessed. Relationships were examined by Pearson’s correlations. Structural equation models were used to assess whether individual resilience played a mediating role between family resilience and QoL. Results: There were significant positive correlations between QoL and both family resilience ( r = 0.43, P < .01) and individual resilience ( r = 0.59, P < .01). Moreover, family resilience had an indirect influence on QoL through its effect on individual resilience (β = 0.319, 95% CI: 0.336-0.815). Conclusion: Family resilience emerges as a significant positive factor capable of enhancing QoL for patients with HNC by bolstering their resilience. To mitigate the detrimental effects of inadequate individual resilience on QoL of patients with HNC, it is advised to implement interventions focused on enhancing family resilience. China Clinical Trials Registry number: ChiCTR2300067612
Electricity Price and Inflation: Macroeconomic Implications of Real-Time Pricing
Authors: Garzon Antonio J. , Hierro Luis A. 
Published: October 2024

Electricity prices can be an important driver of inflation. However, the transmission from wholesale electricity price to inflation depends on the type of pricing mechanism in the retail market. Using the introduction of Real-Time Pricing (RTP) in the Spanish retail electricity market, we analyze the transmission of wholesale electricity price shocks to inflation dynamics and how this transmission is affected by the introduction of RTP. The main findings are that—after RTP was rolled out—electricity price shocks display a swifter transmission to inflation while the maximum impact is around three times higher than in the previous period. This higher transmission is not only generated by a more pronounced reaction of the retail electricity price but is also caused by a greater transmission of these shocks to core inflation. These results imply that introducing RTP impacts inflation dynamics and, therefore, affects how central banks should react to this type of shock. JEL Classification: E31, Q43, Q48
Definition and recommendations of advance care planning: A Delphi study in five Asian sectors
Authors: Mori Masanori , Chan Helen Y. L. , Lin Cheng-Pei , Kim Sun-Hyun , Ng Han Lip Raymond , Martina Diah , Yuen Kwok Keung , Cheng Shao-Yi , Takenouchi Sayaka , Suh Sang-Yeon , Menon Sumytra , Kim Jungyoung , Chen Ping-Jen , Iwata Futoshi , Tashiro Shimon , Kwok Oi Ling Annie , Peng Jen-Kuei , Huang Hsien-Liang , Morita Tatsuya , Korfage Ida J. , Rietjens Judith A. C. , Kizawa Yoshiyuki 
Published: October 2024

Background: In Confucian-influenced Asian societies, explicit end-of-life conversations are uncommon and family involvement in decision-making is crucial, which complicates the adoption of culturally sensitive advance care planning. Aim: To develop a consensus definition of advance care planning and provide recommendations for patient-centered and family-based initiatives in Asia. Design: A five-round Delphi study was performed. The rating of a definition and 84 recommendations developed based on systematic reviews was performed by experts with clinical or research expertise using a 7-point Likert scale. A median = 1 and an inter-quartile range = 0–1 were considered very strong agreement and very strong consensus, respectively. Setting/participants: The Delphi study was carried out by multidisciplinary experts on advance care planning in five Asian sectors (Hong Kong/Japan/Korea/Singapore/Taiwan). Results: Seventy-seven of 115 (67%) experts rated the statements. Advance care planning is defined as “a process that enables individuals to identify their values, to define goals and preferences for future medical treatment and care, to discuss these values, goals, and preferences with family and/or other closely related persons, and health-care providers, and to record and review these preferences if appropriate.” Recommendations in the domains of considerations for a person-centered and family-based approach, as well as elements, roles and tasks, timing for initiative, policy and regulation, and evaluations received high levels of agreement and consensus. Conclusions: Our definition and recommendations can guide practice, education, research, and policy-making in advance care planning for Asian populations. Our findings will aid future research in crafting culturally sensitive advance care planning interventions, ensuring Asians receive value-aligned care.
Pharmacological treatment of pain, dyspnea, death rattle, fever, nausea, and vomiting in the last days of life in older people: A systematic review
Authors: Biesbrouck Tim , Jennes Dine AD , Van Den Noortgate Nele , De Roo Maaike L 
Published: October 2024

Background: Evidence based guidelines for treatment of physical symptoms during the last days of life in older people are not available. Aim: We wanted to synthesize the existing evidence on the pharmacological treatment of pain, dyspnea, death rattle, fever, nausea, and vomiting during the last days of life in older people to develop recommendations that can help guide clinical practice. Design: A systematic review was conducted (PROSPERO #CRD42023406100) and reported in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Data sources: MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched from inception till March 2023, together with national and international guideline databases. Results: Four predominantly descriptive studies on opioid use were included for the treatment of pain and four for dyspnea, without clear evidence for the choice of one specific opioid, nor a specific opioid dose. For death rattle, five randomized controlled trials and two retrospective studies were included. These provide evidence for the prophylactic treatment of death rattle with hyoscine butylbromide. For fever, nausea, and vomiting, no articles met the inclusion criteria. Conclusion: Limited evidence exists to guide the pharmacological treatment of pain, dyspnea, death rattle, fever, nausea, and vomiting in the last days of life of older people. Other than the use of opioids for treatment of pain and dyspnea and prophylactic administration of hyoscine butylbromide to decrease the likelihood of developing death rattle, no specific recommendations can be formulated for use in clinical practice. This demonstrates the challenging nature of research in the last days of life of older people, despite its pressing need.
Management of Lumbar Radiculopathy with Ayurveda: A Single Case Study
Authors: Makode Ankush , Parwe Shweta , Nisargandha Milind , Sawarkar Punam 
Published: October 2024

Background Lumbar radiculopathy refers to the compression of a nerve root as it exits the lumbosacral column. The word “radiculopathy” describes symptoms that develop when the lumbosacral nerve roots are compressed. This comprises varying degrees of radiating pain, numbness or tingling, weakness, and irregular gait. The patient was treated with Panchakarma procedures and Ayurvedic oral medications, resulting in satisfactory outcomes with no reported side effects. Purpose The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Panchakarma and Ayurvedic oral medications in treating lumbar radiculopathy. Methodology A single case study of a 21-year-old male suffering from pain in the lumbar region radiating to the right leg, restricted movement, and difficulty walking and standing for nine months. He was treated with Panchakarma, including local massage, Katibasti, Matravasti, Niruha Vasti, and Patrapottali Sweda, followed by oral medications. Treatment was continued for 14 days. Results The patient’s symptoms have been monitored for 14 days. The outcome was satisfactory, and the patient’s quality of life significantly improved. Conclusion Interventions stated earlier give significant relief in the management of lumbar Radiculopathy.
Optimizing outcomes in drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy patients undergoing stereoelectroencephalography-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation
Authors: Jean Stéphane , Jiang Rifeng , Dai Yihai , Chen Weitao , Liu Weihong , Deng Donghuo , Tagu Panashe Tevin , Wei Xiaoqiang , Chen Shan , Fang Xinrong , Song Shiwei 
Published: October 2024

Background:Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) epileptiform discharges have been reported to arise from the hippocampus or the extrahippocampal medial temporal cortex, such as the amygdala, and then propagate to the temporal lobe cortex. The surgical ablation of which of these structures would result in a better postoperative outcome is debatable.Objective:To assess the possible factors that might have influenced the postoperative outcome of a group of drug-resistant mesial MTLE patients who underwent stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG)-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTC).Design:Single-center, retrospective.Methods:The present study utilized a pre- and postoperative gray matter voxel-by-voxel ablation mapping comparison approach, along with a white matter mapping of longitudinal changes in the native space technique, to evaluate the association between the post-SEEG implantation signal recordings (obtained from clinically relevant electrode contacts used during RFTC) and the post-RFTC ablation volume of the different selected regions of interest (ROIs).Results:The study included 22 patients (12 men and 10 women, mean age 28.86 ± 14.04 years). Sixteen patients (72.72%) were seizure-free (SF), and six patients (27.27%) were non-SF. Five patients (22.72%) experienced mild side effects following RFTC. The post-RFTC follow-up period varied from 12 to 48 months, with an average of 24.17 ± 9.86 months. The SF group was associated with a higher number of implanted electrode contacts in the amygdala that were used during RFTC, a larger preoperative volume of the amygdala; a larger ablation volume of both the amygdala and rhinal cortex. The ablation volume of the white matter was statistically similar between both groups.Conclusion:This study provides valuable insights into the significance of the amygdala and rhinal cortex as ROIs in the preoperative evaluation of patients with MTLE. Future implantation scheme plans should consider evaluating the preoperative volume of these ROIs. Additionally, increasing the number of electrode contacts implanted within these regions might be beneficial to capture more clinically relevant signals and enhance their ablation volume.
Cutaneous manifestations of deep mycoses in Nigeria: a systematic review
Authors: Bassey Thelma E. , Okekemba Ikechukwu , Egbara Walter O. , Owai Promise , Okafor Love E. , Elem David E. , Edim Geraldine L. , Onukak Asukwo , Ekeng Bassey E. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Deep mycoses are serious fungal diseases commonly associated with the immunocompromised but can also present in the immunocompetent following severe exposure to fungal pathogens. Included in this group are subcutaneous and systemic fungal infections. Objectives: Reviews highlighting skin involvement in patients with deep mycosis in the Nigerian setting are sparse in the literature. This systematic review summarized the clinical presentation, risk factors, and diagnosis of deep mycosis presenting with cutaneous manifestations in Nigerians. Design: This was a systematic review conducted following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Data sources and methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, and the African Journal Online database were searched from inception to February 2024 to identify published articles from Nigeria on deep mycoses with cutaneous manifestations. We included single case reports and case series on cutaneous involvement in deep fungal infections in Nigeria. Review articles, guidelines, meta-analyses, animal studies, and fungal studies not relating to the Nigerian setting were excluded. Results: We identified 16 well-documented articles on deep cutaneous mycoses published in Nigeria over the past six decades which amounted to 137 cases; 102 (74.5%) cases were reported before the year 2000, while the remainder were published within the past two decades. The 137 cases were majorly histoplasmosis ( n = 87, 63.5%) and eumycetoma ( n = 19, 13.9%) and predominant risk factors, farming ( n = 13, 9.5%) and diabetes mellitus ( n = 3, 2.2%), The diagnosis of cases was predominantly via histopathology ( n =131, 95.6%) with a few cases diagnosed by fungal culture ( n = 15, 10.9%), and antigen assay ( n = 1, 0.7%) respectively. Twenty-one (15.3%) were clinically diagnosed as cancers including a case of carcinoma of the skin, and one each (0.7%) as skin tuberculosis or neurofibromatosis but all histologically confirmed as deep cutaneous mycoses. Conclusion: The decline of reports on deep cutaneous mycoses in recent times suggests neglect or a low index of suspicion from attending clinicians. This is further buttressed in the misdiagnosis of cases as other clinical entities. Ensuring a histological diagnosis of skin lesions, especially in at-risk patients will mitigate these gaps.
Reliability and Validity of an Ultrasound-Derived Measure for Axial Patellofemoral Alignment
Authors: Greenberg Elliot M. , Barnes Megan , Lawrence J. Todd , Brown Naomi , Williams Brendan 
Published: October 2024

Background: Axial extensor mechanism alignment is routinely assessed in patients with patellofemoral instability.Although many of these assessments are described using magnetic resonance imaging, it is plausible that ultrasound (US) imaging could be utilized to provide similar information in a more cost-effective and time-efficient manner. Purpose: To (1) describe and assess the reliability of a novel measure of extensor mechanism alignment of the patellofemoral joint using musculoskeletal US and (2) establish the construct validity of this measure through comparison of patients with and without patellar instability. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients with (n = 24; 14.2 ± 3.1 years; 83% female) and without (n = 26; 14.7 ± 2.8 years; 69% female) a clinical history of patellofemoral instability (PFI) participated. Extensor mechanism alignment was assessed bilaterally on US, measuring the distance between the midpoint of the patellar tendon to the lateral trochlear ridge (MPT-LTR). Interrater reliability of the measurements was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), with a minimum of 1 week between measurements for test-retest reliability. Differences between limbs were assessed using paired-samples t tests, and between-group differences were compared using independent-samples t tests. Results: Patients with PFI demonstrated a significantly smaller MPT-LTR distance than healthy controls on both their involved (8.1 ± 3.6 vs 12.6 ± 2.6 mm) and uninvolved (8.9 ± 3.4 vs 12.9 ± 2.4 mm) limbs ( P < .001 for both), indicating greater lateralization of the patellar tendon relative to the trochlea. There were no differences found between limbs for either patients with PFI ( P = .26) or controls ( P = .46). Interrater reliability was good (ICC = 0.785; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.579-0.890), and test-retest reliability (n = 8) was excellent (ICC = 0.958; 95% CI, 0.790-0.992). Conclusion: The US-based MPT-LTR distance demonstrated good-to-excellent reliability. When compared with controls, the MPT-LTR distance was smaller in patients with PFI, indicating greater lateralization of the extensor mechanism.
COVID-19 vaccination in children aged 5–11: a systematic review of parental barriers and facilitators in Western countries
Authors: Davey Stephanie A. , Gaffiero Daniel 
Published: October 2024

Background: Parental decision-making regarding vaccination, particularly for coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) where significant debate surrounds children aged 5–11, is influenced by various factors. Understanding the motivations behind parents’ vaccination choices for their children is crucial for maintaining vaccine uptake, in line with the National Health Service United Kingdom vaccination strategy. Objectives: The present systematic review aims to identify the barriers and facilitators affecting parents’ decisions to vaccinate children aged 5–11 against COVID-19 in Western countries. Data sources and methods: The first search was conducted using PsychINFO, MEDLINE and Google Scholar in June 2023 with an additional follow-up search a year later in June 2024 for full-text papers focusing on COVID-19 vaccine decision-making among parents or caregivers of children aged 5–11. The language of the included studies was set as English and originating from Western countries specifically examining barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccination, excluding children with chronic conditions. The risk of bias was independently assessed by both authors using the JBI Checklist for Prevalence Studies, with disagreements resolved through discussion. Results: A total of four cross-sectional questionnaire studies involving a total of 5,812 participants from Western countries (the United States and Europe) were included in the present review. Only 46.35% of parents intended to vaccinate their children aged 5–11 against COVID-19. The primary barriers identified were concerns about side effects and distrust in institutions. Key facilitators included recommendations from healthcare professionals and parents’ own COVID-19 vaccination status. Demographic factors including ethnicity and gender showed mixed influence. Conclusion: Persistent concerns about side effects and institutional distrust have reduced parental intention to vaccinate their children. However, healthcare professionals play an important role in increasing vaccine uptake through recommendations to their patients. Future interventions should focus on equipping healthcare professionals with the necessary tools to effectively promote vaccination and address parental concerns about side effects.