bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ХРОНІЧНОЇ ТОКСИЧНОСТІ ТАБЛЕТОК «ДОЛОСАН ФОРТЕ®»
Authors: Trutaev S. I. , Shtrygol’ S. Yu. , Laryanovska Yu. B. 
Published: March 2017

Мета роботи. Визначити ступінь безпечності нового комбінованого спазмоанальгетика – таблеток «Долосан Форте®» – за хронічного введення.Матеріали і методи. Таблетки «Долосан Форте®», розроблені ПАТ «Червона Зірка», є комбінацією зирілону (2,4-дихлорбензойної кислоти калієва сіль із вираженою анальгетичною та протизапальною дією), пітофенону гідрохлориду (міотропний спазмолітик), фенпіверинію броміду (М-холінолітик із додатковими міотропними та анальгетичними властивостями). Хронічну токсичність препарату досліджено за стандартними протоколами при 30-денному введенні щурам у дозах 2,3 та 23 мг/кг; кролям у дозах 1 та 10 мг/кг. Результати й обговорення. Встановлено відсутність ознак інтоксикації, грубих порушень метаболічних процесів, зсувів гематологічних параметрів, біохімічних показників крові і сечі, функціонального стану ЦНС (за тестом «відкритого поля»), нирок (в умовах водного діурезу) та міокарда (за даними ЕКГ). За даними гістологічних досліджень, не зареєстровано ознак кардіотоксичної, нефротоксичної та гепатотоксичної дії препарату, його подразнювального впливу на слизові оболонки ШКТ, не виявлено порушень морфофункціонального стану легень, селезінки, щитоподібної залози, тимусу, наднирників.Висновки. Доведено відсутність токсичної дії «Долосану Форте®» при 30-денному внутрішньошлунковому введенні щурам і кролям в умовнотерапевтичній дозі та десятиразово збільшеній умовнотерапевтичній дозі.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ ФАРМАКОЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ ЛІКУВАННЯ ЕНТЕРИТІВ ВІРУСНОГО ПОХОДЖЕННЯ У ДІТЕЙ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ РЕГІДРАТАЦІЙНОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ)
Authors: Nemchenko A. S. , Balynska M. V. 
Published: March 2017

Мета роботи. Провести фармакоекономічну оцінку ефективності застосування ЛЗ для оральної та парентеральної регідратації та моделювання витрат на регідратаційну терапію секреторних (вірусних) діарей у дітей віком до 5-ти років.Матеріали і методи. У дослідженні було використано метод фармакоекономічного аналізу «мінімізація витрат», а також аналітичний, статистичний, логічний та графічний методи. На прикладі регідратаційної терапії визначено ЛЗ, найбільш доцільні для використання з метою оральної та перантеральної регідратації дітей з позиції мінімізації витрат, а також змодельовано сукупні витрати на регідратаційну терапію секреторних (вірусних) діарей у дітей віком до 5-ти років. Дослідження було здійсненне за створеною методикою проведення фармакоекономічних досліджень ГКІ у дітей. Результати й обговорення. Визначено можливий обсяг витрат на регідратаційну терапію ГКІ вірусної етіології у дітей до 5-ти років на 2017 рік, що склав понад 707 тис. грн, або 26 004 $ (1$ США – 27,19 грн станом на 11.01.17).Висновки. Здійснено розрахунки вартість регідратаційної терапії ГКІ у дітей з використанням методу фармакоекономічного аналізу «мінімізація витрат», а також змодельовано можливі витрати на лікування дітей до 5-ти років з діагнозом ГКІ вірусної етіології. В подальшому отримані результати доцільно використати у процесі вдосконалення фармацевтичного забезпечення дитячого населення, зокрема для попередження та терапії ГКІ.
Remnant Cholesterol Elicits Arterial Wall Inflammation and a Multilevel Cellular Immune Response in Humans
Authors: Bernelot Moens Sophie J. , Verweij Simone L. , Schnitzler Johan G. , Stiekema Lotte C.A. , Bos Merijn , Langsted Anne , Kuijk Carlijn , Bekkering Siroon , Voermans Carlijn , Verberne Hein J. , Nordestgaard Børge G. , Stroes Erik S.G. , Kroon Jeffrey 
Published: March 2017

Objective—
Mendelian randomization studies revealed a causal role for remnant cholesterol in cardiovascular disease. Remnant particles accumulate in the arterial wall, potentially propagating local and systemic inflammation. We evaluated the impact of remnant cholesterol on arterial wall inflammation, circulating monocytes, and bone marrow in patients with familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (FD).

Approach and Results—

Arterial wall inflammation and bone marrow activity were measured using
18
F-FDG PET/CT. Monocyte phenotype was assessed with flow cytometry. The correlation between remnant levels and hematopoietic activity was validated in the CGPS (Copenhagen General Population Study). We found a 1.2-fold increase of
18
F-FDG uptake in the arterial wall in patients with FD (n=17, age 60±8 years, remnant cholesterol: 3.26 [2.07–5.71]) compared with controls (n=17, age 61±8 years, remnant cholesterol 0.29 [0.27–0.40];
P
<0.001). Monocytes from patients with FD showed increased lipid accumulation (lipid-positive monocytes: Patients with FD 92% [86–95], controls 76% [66–81],
P
=0.001, with an increase in lipid droplets per monocyte), and a higher expression of surface integrins (CD11b, CD11c, and CD18). Patients with FD also exhibited monocytosis and leukocytosis, accompanied by a 1.2-fold increase of
18
F-FDG uptake in bone marrow. In addition, we found a strong correlation between remnant levels and leukocyte counts in the CGPS (n=103 953,
P
for trend 5×10–276). In vitro experiments substantiated that remnant cholesterol accumulates in human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells coinciding with myeloid skewing.

Conclusions—
Patients with FD have increased arterial wall and cellular inflammation. These findings imply an important inflammatory component to the atherogenicity of remnant cholesterol, contributing to the increased cardiovascular disease risk in patients with FD.
Mice Lacking the Inhibitory Collagen Receptor LAIR-1 Exhibit a Mild Thrombocytosis and Hyperactive Platelets
Authors: Smith Christopher W. , Thomas Steven G. , Raslan Zaher , Patel Pushpa , Byrne Maxwell , Lordkipanidzé Marie , Bem Danai , Meyaard Linde , Senis Yotis A. , Watson Steve P. , Mazharian Alexandra 
Published: March 2017

Objective—
Leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor-1 (LAIR-1) is a collagen receptor that belongs to the inhibitory immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif–containing receptor family. It is an inhibitor of signaling via the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif–containing collagen receptor complex, glycoprotein VI-FcRγ-chain. It is expressed on hematopoietic cells, including immature megakaryocytes, but is not detectable on platelets. Although the inhibitory function of LAIR-1 has been described in leukocytes, its physiological role in megakaryocytes and in particular in platelet formation has not been explored. In this study, we investigate the role of LAIR-1 in megakaryocyte development and platelet production by generating LAIR-1–deficient mice.

Approach and Results—
Mice lacking LAIR-1 exhibit a significant increase in platelet counts, a prolonged platelet half-life in vivo, and increased proplatelet formation in vitro. Interestingly, platelets from LAIR-1–deficient mice exhibit an enhanced reactivity to collagen and the glycoprotein VI–specific agonist collagen-related peptide despite not expressing LAIR-1, and mice showed enhanced thrombus formation in the carotid artery after ferric chloride injury. Targeted deletion of LAIR-1 in mice results in an increase in signaling downstream of the glycoprotein VI–FcRγ-chain and integrin αIIbβ3 in megakaryocytes because of enhanced Src family kinase activity.

Conclusions—
Findings from this study demonstrate that ablation of LAIR-1 in megakaryocytes leads to increased Src family kinase activity and downstream signaling in response to collagen that is transmitted to platelets, rendering them hyper-reactive specifically to agonists that signal through Syk tyrosine kinases, but not to G-protein–coupled receptors.
Accuracy and Reliability of Stroke Diagnosis in the Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Mackay Mark T. , Yock-Corrales Adriana , Churilov Leonid , Monagle Paul , Donnan Geoffrey A. , Babl Franz E. 
Published: March 2017

Background and Purpose—
Access to acute stroke interventions in the emergency department (ED) relies on correct clinical diagnosis. Our aims were to determine the accuracy and reliability of pediatric ED physician diagnosis of childhood stroke and other conditions presenting with brain attack symptoms.

Methods—
Prospective study of consecutive children aged 1 month to 18 years presenting to the ED from June 2009 to December 2010 with focal neurological deficits. Accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operator characteristic curves [ROCs]) and interrater agreement (κ) were determined, between ED physician diagnoses, as recorded in the electronic hospital administrative software system, and final neurological diagnosis, after completion of diagnostic work-up.

Results—
Two-hundred eighty-seven children with 301 consecutive presentations were recruited. The most common final brain attack diagnoses included migraine in 84 children, first seizure in 48, Bell’s palsy in 29, stroke in 21, and conversion disorders in 18 children. Sensitivity of ED physician stroke diagnosis was 62%, and specificity was 98% (ROC, 0.8). Inter-rater agreement for ED physician and final stroke diagnosis was substantial (κ=0.61). ED physician diagnostic accuracy and reliability was highest for Bell’s palsy (ROC=0.98; κ=0.96), and lowest for central nervous system demyelination (ROC=0.5; κ=−0.01) and cerebellitis (ROC=0.50; κ=0.50).

Conclusions—
ED physician diagnostic accuracy and reliability varies considerably across disorders presenting with brain attack symptoms. Clinical recognition tools are required to assist pediatric ED physicians with diagnosis of stroke and other serious neurological disorders.
Healthcare professionals’ perspectives on a mental health educational campaign for the public
Authors: Pawluk Shane Ashley , Zolezzi Monica 
Published: March 2017

Objective: To explore barriers and facilitators in implementing an educational campaign in mental health for the public in Qatar. Design: Qualitative study. Setting: Healthcare facilities across Qatar were used as the setting. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 35 healthcare providers from a variety of professions, including physicians, pharmacists, nurses, dietitians, psychologists and administrators. Results: Findings indicate that these healthcare providers support the concept of public mental health education but feel that several factors need to be considered before any educational campaign is undertaken. A public mental health education campaign should target improving the public’s mental health literacy as well as describing appropriate pathways to mental health care. Health care providers believe such educational campaigns should be started in schools so that mental health awareness can have a positive influence from a young age. The social media were viewed as a suitable platform to deliver positive messages relating to mental health to the public. Any educational campaign in mental health should consider the cultural context with which it is being delivered. In conclusion, healthcare providers appeared to have similar views on the importance of public mental health education but differed in their opinions of the challenges faced. Conclusion: Consideration of the message intended and how it is delivered should be addressed as part of a successful public mental health educational campaign.
Lymphocyte reconstitution following autologous stem cell transplantation for progressive MS
Authors: Cull G , Hall D , Fabis-Pedrini MJ , Carroll WM , Forster L , Robins F , Ghassemifar R , Crosbie C , Walters S , James I , Augustson B , Kermode AK 
Published: March 2017

Background Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) may reset the immune repertoire. Objective The objective of this paper is to analyse lymphocyte recovery in patients with progressive MS treated with ASCT. Methods Patients with progressive MS not responding to conventional treatment underwent ASCT following conditioning with high-dose cyclophosphamide and antithymocyte globulin. Lymphocyte subset analysis was performed before ASCT and for two years following ASCT. Neurological function was assessed by the EDSS before ASCT and for three years post-ASCT. Results CD4+ T-cells fell significantly post-transplant and did not return to baseline levels. Recent thymic emigrants and naïve T-cells fell sharply post-transplant but returned to baseline by nine months and twelve months, respectively. T-regulatory cells declined post-transplant and did not return to baseline levels. Th1 and Th2 cells did not change significantly while Th17 cells fell post-transplant but recovered to baseline by six months. Neurological function remained stable in the majority of patients. Progression-free survival was 69% at three years. Conclusion This study demonstrates major changes in the composition of lymphocyte subsets following ASCT for progressive MS. In particular, ablation and subsequent recovery of thymic output is consistent with the concept that ASCT can reset the immune repertoire in MS patients.
Modeling the internet of things: a hybrid modeling approach using complex networks and agent-based models
Authors: Batool Komal , Niazi Muaz A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSensors, coupled with transceivers, have quickly evolved from technologies purely confined to laboratory test beds to workable solutions used across the globe. These mobile and connected devices form the nuts and bolts required to fulfill the vision of the so-called internet of things (IoT). This idea has evolved as a result of proliferation of electronic gadgets fitted with sensors and often being uniquely identifiable (possible with technological solutions such as the use of Radio Frequency Identifiers). While there is a growing need for comprehensive modeling paradigms as well as example case studies for the IoT, currently there is no standard methodology available for modeling such real-world complex IoT-based scenarios. Here, using a combination of complex networks-based and agent-based modeling approaches, ​we present a novel approach to modeling the IoT. Specifically, the proposed approach uses the Cognitive Agent-Based Computing (CABC) framework to simulate complex IoT networks. We demonstrate modeling of several standard complex network topologies such as lattice, random, small-world, and scale-free networks. To further demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, we also present a case study and a novel algorithm for autonomous monitoring of power consumption in networked IoT devices. We also discuss and compare the presented approach with previous approaches to modeling. Extensive simulation experiments using several network configurations demonstrate the effectiveness and viability of the proposed approach.
Tutorial: Spectral bandwidth extension — Invention versus harmonic extrapolation
Authors: Liang Chen , Castagna John , Zavala Torres Ricardo 
Published: March 2017

Various postprocessing methods can be applied to seismic data to extend the spectral bandwidth and potentially increase the seismic resolution. Frequency invention techniques, including phase acceleration and loop reconvolution, produce spectrally broadened seismic sections but arbitrarily create high frequencies without a physical basis. Tests in extending the bandwidth of low-frequency synthetics using these methods indicate that the invented frequencies do not tie high-frequency synthetics generated from the same reflectivity series. Furthermore, synthetic wedge models indicate that the invented high-frequency seismic traces do not improve thin-layer resolution. Frequency invention outputs may serve as useful attributes, but they should not be used for quantitative work and do not improve actual resolution. On the other hand, under appropriate circumstances, layer frequency responses can be extrapolated to frequencies outside the band of the original data using spectral periodicities determined from within the original seismic bandwidth. This can be accomplished by harmonic extrapolation. For blocky earth structures, synthetic tests show that such spectral extrapolation can readily double the bandwidth, even in the presence of noise. Wedge models illustrate the resulting resolution improvement. Synthetic tests suggest that the more complicated the earth structure, the less valid the bandwidth extension that harmonic extrapolation can achieve. Tests of the frequency invention methods and harmonic extrapolation on field seismic data demonstrate that (1) the frequency invention methods modify the original seismic band such that the original data cannot be recovered by simple band-pass filtering, whereas harmonic extrapolation can be filtered back to the original band with good fidelity and (2) harmonic extrapolation exhibits acceptable ties between real and synthetic seismic data outside the original seismic band, whereas frequency invention methods have unfavorable well ties in the cases studied.
Variation in Adherence Measures to Imatinib Therapy
Authors: Yanamandra Uday , Malhotra Pankaj , Sahu K.K. , Sushma Yanamandra , Saini Neha , Chauhan Pooja , Gill Jasmeen , Rikhi Deepika , Khadwal Alka , Prakash Gaurav , Lad Deepesh , Suri Vikas , Kumari Savita , Varma Neelam , Varma Subhash 
Published: March 2017

Purpose The introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors has transformed the care of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, with survival approaching that of healthy individuals. Current-day challenges in chronic myeloid leukemia care include adherence to tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. We studied adherence from resource-constrained settings and tried to analyze the factors responsible for nonadherence in these individuals. We also correlated adherence to current molecular status. Patients and Methods This was a single-center, cross-sectional, observational study from north India. It consisted of a questionnaire-based survey in which a one-to-one interview technique was used by trained nursing staff administering the Modified Morisky Adherence Scale (MMAS-9) questionnaire. Adherence was also measured on the basis of physician’s assessment. JMP 13.0.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 333 patients with a median age of 42 years were included in the study. The median BCR-ABL/ABL ratio (IS) was 0.175 (0.0 to 98.0). The mean MMAS-9 score was 11 ± 2. Adherence was seen in 54.95% on the basis of MMAS-9, whereas physician’s assessment reported adherence in 90.39% of patients. Using the χ2 test, no relationship was found between the two assessment techniques. There was a significant relationship between major molecular response status and adherence by physician’s assessment and MMAS-9 ( P < .001). Bivariate analysis by logistic fit showed a good relation between the MMAS-9 score and the BCR-ABL/ABL ratio (IS), χ2 (1,220) = 135.45 ( P < .001). On multivariate analysis, enrolment in the Novartis Oncology Access program (a patient assistance program) was significantly associated with adherence ( P = .012). Conclusion This study highlights the lack of adherence in real-world settings and the various factors responsible. Such studies are important from a public health services perspective in various settings around the world because they may lead to corrective action being taken at the institutional level.
Small-Volume Injections: Evaluation of Volume Administration Deviation From Intended Injection Volumes
Authors: Muffly Matthew K. , Chen Michael I. , Claure Rebecca E. , Drover David R. , Efron Bradley , Fitch William L. , Hammer Gregory B. 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND:
In the perioperative period, anesthesiologists and postanesthesia care unit (PACU) nurses routinely prepare and administer small-volume IV injections, yet the accuracy of delivered medication volumes in this setting has not been described. In this ex vivo study, we sought to characterize the degree to which small-volume injections (≤0.5 mL) deviated from the intended injection volumes among a group of pediatric anesthesiologists and pediatric postanesthesia care unit (PACU) nurses. We hypothesized that as the intended injection volumes decreased, the deviation from those intended injection volumes would increase.

METHODS:
Ten attending pediatric anesthesiologists and 10 pediatric PACU nurses each performed a series of 10 injections into a simulated patient IV setup. Practitioners used separate 1-mL tuberculin syringes with removable 18-gauge needles (Becton-Dickinson & Company, Franklin Lakes, NJ) to aspirate 5 different volumes (0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mL) of 0.25 mM Lucifer Yellow (LY) fluorescent dye constituted in saline (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) from a rubber-stoppered vial. Each participant then injected the specified volume of LY fluorescent dye via a 3-way stopcock into IV tubing with free-flowing 0.9% sodium chloride (10 mL/min). The injected volume of LY fluorescent dye and 0.9% sodium chloride then drained into a collection vial for laboratory analysis. Microplate fluorescence wavelength detection (Infinite M1000; Tecan, Mannedorf, Switzerland) was used to measure the fluorescence of the collected fluid. Administered injection volumes were calculated based on the fluorescence of the collected fluid using a calibration curve of known LY volumes and associated fluorescence.
To determine whether deviation of the administered volumes from the intended injection volumes increased at lower injection volumes, we compared the proportional injection volume error (log
e
[administered volume/intended volume]) for each of the 5 injection volumes using a linear regression model. Analysis of variance was used to determine whether the absolute log proportional error differed by the intended injection volume. Interindividual and intraindividual deviation from the intended injection volume was also characterized.

RESULTS:
As the intended injection volumes decreased, the absolute log proportional injection volume error increased (analysis of variance, P < .0018). The exploratory analysis revealed no significant difference in the standard deviations of the log proportional errors for injection volumes between physicians and pediatric PACU nurses; however, the difference in absolute bias was significantly higher for nurses with a 2-sided significance of P = .03.

CONCLUSIONS:
Clinically significant dose variation occurs when injecting volumes ≤0.5 mL. Administering small volumes of medications may result in unintended medication administration errors.
Improving agricultural knowledge management: The AgTrials experience
Authors: Hyman Glenn , Espinosa Herlin , Camargo Paola , Abreu David , Devare Medha , Arnaud Elizabeth , Porter Cheryl , Mwanzia Leroy , Sonder Kai , Traore Sibiry 
Published: March 2017

Background: Opportunities to use data and information to address challenges in international agricultural research and development are expanding rapidly. The use of agricultural trial and evaluation data has enormous potential to improve crops and management practices. However, for a number of reasons, this potential has yet to be realized. This paper reports on the experience of the AgTrials initiative, an effort to build an online database of agricultural trials applying principles of interoperability and open access. Methods: Our analysis evaluates what worked and what did not work in the development of the AgTrials information resource. We analyzed data on our users and their interaction with the platform. We also surveyed our users to gauge their perceptions of the utility of the online database. Results: The study revealed barriers to participation and impediments to interaction, opportunities for improving agricultural knowledge management and a large potential for the use of trial and evaluation data. Conclusions: Technical and logistical mechanisms for developing interoperable online databases are well advanced. More effort will be needed to advance organizational and institutional work for these types of databases to realize their potential.