bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity of ancestral brainstem noradrenergic neurons across species and multiple biological factors
Authors: Kelberman Michael A. , Rodberg Ellen , Arabzadeh Ehsan , Bair-Marshall Chloe J. , Berridge Craig W. , Berrocoso Esther , Breton-Provencher Vincent , Chandler Daniel J. , Che Alicia , Davy Oscar , Devilbiss David M. , Downs Anthony M. , Drummond Gabrielle , Dvorkin Roman , Fazlali Zeinab , Froemke Robert C. , Glennon Erin , Gold Joshua I. , Ito Hiroki , Jiang Xiaolong , Johansen Joshua P. , Kaye Alfred P. , Kim Jenny R. , Kuo Chao-Cheng , Liu Rong-Jian , Liu Yang , Llorca-Torralba Meritxell , McCall Jordan G. , McElligott Zoe A. , McKinney Andrew M. , Miguelez Cristina , Min Ming-Yuan , Nowlan Alexandra C. , Omrani Mohsen , Poe Gina R. , Pickering Anthony Edward , Ranjbar-Slamloo Yadollah , Razquin Jone , Rodenkirch Charles , Sales Anna C. , Satyasambit Rath , Shea Stephen D. , Sur Mriganka , Tkaczynski John Arthur , Torres-Sanchez Sonia , Uematsu Akira , Vazquez Chayla R. , Vreven Amelien , Wang Qi , Waterhouse Barry D , Yang Hsiu-Wen , Yang Jen-Hau , Zhao Liping , Zouridis Ioannis S. , Weinshenker David , Vazey Elena , Totah Nelson K. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe brainstem region, locus coeruleus (LC), has been remarkably conserved across vertebrates. Evolution has woven the LC into wide-ranging neural circuits that influence functions as broad as autonomic systems, the stress response, nociception, sleep, and high-level cognition among others. Given this conservation, there is a strong possibility that LC activity is inherently similar across species, and furthermore that age, sex, and brain state influence LC activity similarly across species. The degree to which LC activity is homogenous across these factors, however, has never been assessed due to the small sample size of individual studies. Here, we pool data from 20 laboratories (1,855 neurons) and show diversity across both intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as species, age, sex and brain state. We use a negative binomial regression model to compare activity from male monkeys, and rats and mice of both sexes that were recorded across brain states from brain slicesex vivoor under different anesthetics or during wakefulnessin vivo. LC activity differed due to complex interactions of species, sex, and brain state. The LC became more active during aging, independent of sex. Finally, in contrast to the foundational principle that all species express two distinct LC firing modes (“tonic” or “phasic”), we discovered great diversity within spontaneous LC firing patterns. Different factors were associated with higher incidence of some firing modes. We conclude that the activity of the evolutionarily-ancient LC is not conserved. Inherent differences due to age and species-sex-brain state interactions have implications for understanding the role of LC in species-specific naturalistic behavior, as well as in psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular disease, immunology, and metabolic disorders.
Fast and robust visual object recognition in young children
Authors: Ayzenberg Vladislav , Sener Sukran Bahar , Novick Kylee , Lourenco Stella F. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBy adulthood, humans rapidly identify objects from sparse visual displays and across significant disruptions to their appearance. What are the minimal conditions needed to achieve robust recognition abilities and when might these abilities develop? To answer these questions, we investigated the upper-limits of children’s object recognition abilities. We found that children as young as 3 years successfully identified objects at speeds of 100 ms (both forward and backward masked) under sparse and disrupted viewing conditions. By contrast, a range computational models implemented with biologically informed properties or optimized for visual recognition did not reach child-level performance. Models only matched children if they received more object examples than children are capable of experiencing. These findings highlight the robustness of the human visual system in the absence of extensive experience and identify important developmental constraints for building biologically plausible machines.TeaserThe visual recognition abilities of preschool children rival those of state-of-the-art artificial intelligence models.
Enhanced Hippocampal Spare Capacity in Q175DN Mice Despite Elevated mHTT Aggregation
Authors: Solem Melissa A , Pelzel Ross , Rozema Nicholas B. , Brown Taylor G. , Reid Emma , Mansky Rachel H. , Gomez-Pastor R 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundHuntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease resulting in devastating motor, cognitive, and psychiatric deficits. The striatum is a brain region that controls movement and some forms of cognition and is most significantly impacted in HD. However, despite well-documented deficits in learning and memory in HD, knowledge of the potential implication of other brain regions such as the hippocampus remains limited.ObjectiveHere, we study the comparative impact of enhanced mHTT aggregation and neuropathology in the striatum and hippocampus of two HD mouse models.MethodsWe utilized the zQ175 as a control HD mouse model and the Q175DN mice lacking the PGK-Neomycin cassette generated in house. We performed a comparative characterization of the neuropathology between zQ175 and Q175DN mice in the striatum and the hippocampus by assessing HTT aggregation, neuronal and glial pathology, chaperone expression, and synaptic density.ResultsWe showed that Q175DN mice presented enhanced mHTT aggregation in both striatum and hippocampus compared to zQ175. Striatal neurons showed a greater susceptibility to enhanced accumulation of mHTT than hippocampal neurons in Q175DN despite high levels of mHTT in both regions. Contrary to the pathology seen in the striatum, Q175DN hippocampus presented enhanced spare capacity showing increased synaptic density, decreased Iba1+microglia density and enhanced HSF1 levels in specific subregions of the hippocampus compared to zQ175.ConclusionsQ175DN mice are a valuable tool to understand the fundamental susceptibility differences to mHTT toxicity between striatal neurons and other neuronal subtypes. Furthermore, our findings also suggest that cognitive deficits observed in HD animals might arise from either striatum dysfunction or other regions involved in cognitive processes but not from hippocampal degeneration.
Individual variation in the functional lateralization of human ventral temporal cortex: Local competition and long-range coupling
Authors: Blauch Nicholas M. , Plaut David C. , Vin Raina , Behrmann Marlene 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe ventral temporal cortex (VTC) of the human cerebrum is critically engaged in high-level vision. One intriguing aspect of this region is its functional lateralization, with neural responses to words being stronger in the left hemisphere, and neural responses to faces being stronger in the right hemisphere; such patterns can be summarized with a signed laterality index (LI), positive for leftward laterality. Converging evidence has suggested that word laterality emerges to couple efficiently with left-lateralized frontotemporal language regions, but evidence is more mixed regarding the sources of the right-lateralization for face perception. Here, we use individual differences as a tool to test three theories of VTC organization arising from: 1) local competition between words and faces driven by long-range coupling between words and language processes, 2) local competition between faces and other categories, 3) long-range coupling with VTC and temporal areas exhibiting local competition between language and social processing. First, in an in-house functional MRI experiment, we did not obtain a negative correlation in the LIs of word and face selectivity relative to object responses, but did find a positive correlation when using selectivity relative to a fixation baseline, challenging ideas of local competition between words and faces driving rightward face lateralization. We next examined broader local LI interactions with faces using the large-scale Human Connectome Project (HCP) dataset. Face and tool LIs were significantly anti-correlated, while face and body LIs were positively correlated, consistent with the idea that generic local representational competition and cooperation may shape face lateralization. Last, we assessed the role of long-range coupling in the development of VTC lateralization. Within our in-house experiment, substantial positive correlation was evident between VTC text LI and that of several other nodes of a distributed text-processing circuit. In the HCP data, VTC face LI was both negatively correlated with language LI and positively correlated with social processing in different subregions of the posterior temporal lobe (PSL and STSp, respectively). In summary, we find no evidence of local face-word competition in VTC; instead, more generic local interactions shape multiple lateralities within VTC, including face laterality. Moreover, face laterality is also influenced by long-range coupling with social processing in the posterior temporal lobe, where social processing may become right-lateralized due to local competition with language.
Bridging the Gap in Immunotherapy Prediction: The AGAE Score as a Pan-Cancer Biomarker for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response
Authors: Ye Bicheng , Fan Jun , Meng Qingren , Liang Qingxiao , Jiang Aimin , Zhang Pengpeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy efficacy varies among cancer patients, necessitating precise predictive biomarkers for optimized treatment strategies.MethodsWe developed the Adaptive best subset selection algorithm and Genetic algorithm Aided Ensemble learning (AGAE) score through multi-cohort transcriptomic analysis of ICI-treated patients. The AGAE score incorporated gene-pairing, Adaptive Best Subset Selection for feature optimization, and a Genetic Algorithm for optimal basic learner identification. We explored correlations between AGAE score and immune microenvironments using multi-omics data. Potential targets were screened using 17 CRISPR datasets and validated through in vitro and in vivo experiments.ResultsThe AGAE score demonstrated robust predictive power for ICI therapy outcomes, with lower scores correlating with enhanced treatment response. The AGAE score outperformed published signatures and conventional biomarkers. Lower AGAE scores were associated with increased immune cell infiltration, higher immunogenicity, and enhanced antitumor immune activity. The CEP55 was identified as a potential key target driving immune evasion through AGAE scoring and CRISPR screening. Experimental validation showed CEP55 downregulation attenuated tumor cell malignancy and augmented ICI therapy efficacy by modulating T cell responses.ConclusionsThe AGAE score was a potent predictor of ICI therapy efficacy, facilitating refined patient stratification. CEP55’s role in the tumor microenvironment’s immune response highlights its potential as a therapeutic target. Targeted interventions against CEP55 may improve immunotherapy precision.
Autonomic and Immune Stress Response Networks in Patients Living With HIV
Authors: Mueller Bridget R. , Mehta Mitali , Campbell Maya , Neupane Niyati , Cedillo Gabriela , Lee Gina , Coyle Kaitlyn , Qi Jinging , Chen Zhihong , George Mary Catherine , Robinson-Papp Jessica 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesStress response systems are frequently dysregulated in patients with chronic inflammatory disorders. Pre-clinical studies have demonstrated direct influences of the sympathetic and vagal/parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) on the immune system. However, these connections have not been examined in humans. We hypothesized that the subtype and severity of autonomic neuropathy (AN) would predict immune phenotypes with distinct clinical and demographic characteristics in people living with HIV.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study of 79 adult people with a history of well-controlled HIV on stable combination antiretroviral treatment (CART) recruited from a primary care clinic network within the Mount Sinai Health System in New York City. All participants underwent a standardized battery of autonomic function tests summarized as the Composite Autonomic Severity Score (CASS) and vagal and adrenergic baroreflex sensitivity (BRS-V and BRS-A). Immune profiling included: 1) measurement of interleukin-6 (IL-6) as part of the Olink assay Target 96 Inflammation Panel, 2) non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) clustering analyses on Olink immune biomarkers, and 3) mass cytometry (CyTOF) on a subset of participants with and without autonomic neuropathy (N = 10).ResultsReduced activity of caudal vagal circuitry involved in the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) predicted higher levels of IL-6 (Spearman’s rho = -0.352, p=0.002). The comprehensive assessment of the ANS-immune network showed four immunotypes defined by NMF analyses. A pro-inflammatory immunotype defined by elevations in type 1 cytokines (IL-6, IL-17) and increased numbers of CD8+ T-cells was associated with autonomic neuropathy (AN). This association was driven by deficits in the cardiovascular sympathetic nervous system and remained strongly significant after controlling for the older age and greater burden of co-morbid illness among participants with this immunotype (aOR=4.7, p=0.017).DiscussionOur results provide novel support for the clinical relevance of the CAP in patients with chronic inflammatory AN. These data also provide insight regarding the role of the sympathetic nervous system and aging in the progression and development of co-morbidities in patients with chronic HIV and support future research aimed at developing therapies focused on modulation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic/vagal nervous system.
What matters to a mouse? Effects of internal and external context on male vocal response to female squeaks
Authors: Brunner Lauren R , Hurley Laura M 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHouse mice adjust their signaling behavior depending on the social context of an interaction, but which aspects of context elicit the strongest responses from these individuals is often difficult to determine. To explore how internal and external contextual factors influence how of house mice produce and respond to social signals, we assessed how dominant and subordinate male mice differed in their ultrasonic vocalization (USV) production in response to playback of broadband vocalizations (BBVs, or squeaks) when given limited access to a stimulus female. We used a repeated measures design in which each male was exposed to two types of trials with different odor conditions: either just female odors (Fem condition) or female odors in addition to the odors of potential competitors, other males (Fem+Male condition). The presence of odors from other males in this assay served as a proxy for an “audience” as the male interacted with the stimulus female. These conditions were replicated for two distinct cohorts of individuals: males exposed to the odor of familiar competitors in the Fem+Male condition (Familiar odor cohort), and males exposed to the odor of unfamiliar competitors in the Fem+Male condition (Unfamiliar odor cohort). By assessing dominance status of the focal individual and familiarity of the “audience”, we are able to explore how these factors may affect one another as males respond to BBVs. Dominants and subordinates did not differ in their baseline vocal production (vocalizations produced prior to squeak playback) or response to squeaks. However, all groups, regardless of dominance status or odor condition, reduced their vocal production in response to BBV playback. The presence of unfamiliar male odor prompted mice to decrease their baseline level of calling and decrease the complexity of their vocal repertoire compared to trials that only included female odor, and this effect also did not differ across dominance status. Importantly, the presence of male odor did not affect vocal behavior when the male odor was familiar to the focal individual. These findings suggest that mice alter their vocal behavior during courtship interactions in response to cues that indicate the presence of potential competitors, and this response is modulated by the familiarity of these competitor cues.
Emergence of Dip2-mediated Specific DAG-based PKC Signalling Axis in Eukaryotes
Authors: Shambhavi Sakshi , Mondal Sudipta , Chakraborty Arnab , Shukla Nikita , Panda Bapin K. , Kumar Santhosh , Kinatukara Priyadarshan , Pal Biswajit , Kamat Siddhesh S. , Sankaranarayanan Rajan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDiacylglycerols (DAGs) are used for metabolic purposes and are tightly regulated secondary lipid messengers in eukaryotes. DAG subspecies with different fatty-acyl chains are proposed to be involved in the activation of distinct PKC isoforms, resulting in diverse physiological outcomes. However, the molecular players and the regulatory origin for fine-tuning the PKC pathway are unknown. Here, we show that Dip2, a conserved DAG regulator across Fungi and Animalia, has emerged as a modulator of PKC signalling in yeast. Dip2 maintains the level of a specific DAG subpopulation, required for the activation of PKC-mediated cell wall integrity pathway. Interestingly, the canonical DAG-metabolism pathways, being promiscuous, are decoupled from PKC signalling. We demonstrate that these DAG subspecies are sourced from a phosphatidylinositol pool generated by the acyl-chain remodelling pathway. Furthermore, we provide insights into the intimate coevolutionary relationship between the regulator (Dip2) and the effector (PKC) of DAG-based signalling. Hence, our study underscores the establishment of Dip2-PKC axis about 1.2 billion years ago in Opisthokonta, which marks the rooting of the first specific DAG-based signalling module of eukaryotes.
Learning Quantum States and Unitaries of Bounded Gate Complexity
Authors: Zhao Haimeng , Lewis Laura , Kannan Ishaan , Quek Yihui , Huang Hsin-Yuan , Caro Matthias C. 
Published: October 2024

While quantum state tomography is notoriously hard, most states hold little interest to practically minded tomographers. Given that states and unitaries appearing in nature are of bounded gate complexity, it is natural to ask if efficient learning becomes possible. In this work, we prove that to learn a state generated by a quantum circuit with G two-qubit gates to a small trace distance, a sample complexity scaling linearly in G is necessary and sufficient. We also prove that the optimal query complexity to learn a unitary generated by G gates to a small average-case error scales linearly in G. While sample-efficient learning can be achieved, we show that under reasonable cryptographic conjectures, the computational complexity for learning states and unitaries of gate complexity G must scale exponentially in G. We illustrate how these results establish fundamental limitations on the expressivity of quantum machine-learning models and provide new perspectives on no-free-lunch theorems in unitary learning. Together, our results answer how the complexity of learning quantum states and unitaries relate to the complexity of creating these states and unitaries.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Management accounting practices going sustainable: the move toward sustainable risk management in ASEAN developing economies
Authors: Abu Afifa Malik , Nguyen Nha Minh , Bui Duong Van 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study will be to provide a comprehensive perspective on sustainable risk management (SRM) with internal components within enterprises. Particularly, this study aims to explore how sustainable management accounting practices mediate the influence of both risk-taking tendency (RTT) and sustainable core values on SRM. Additionally, it also examines the moderating influence of the RTT on the link between sustainable management accounting practices and SRM, as a mediated moderating model.

Design/methodology/approach
The study hypotheses have been appraised using partial least squares structural equation modeling with observed information from 495 sizeable listed enterprises in ASEAN developing economies, comprising Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.

Findings
The findings have been as follows: (1) The RTT favorably influences sustainable management accounting practices (SMAPs), which, in turn, affects SRM; (2) Sustainable core values favorably affect SMAPs, which, in turn, affect SRM; (3) It can be specified that SMAPs mediate the influence of both RTT and sustainable core values on SRM; (4) When the RTT is strong, the influence of SMAPs on SRM has been enlarged.

Originality/value
The findings of this study demonstrate how the interaction between RTT and SMAPs can benefit to the success of large enterprises that use risk management systems in emerging economics. Furthermore, the present paper interprets the mechanism by which SMAPs influence SRM.
Experimental and numerical study of characteristic parameters of Taylor bubble in vertical pipe under short-time gas injection
Authors: Ren Yufeng , Bai Changqing , Zhang Hongyan 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the formation and characteristics of Taylor bubbles resulting from short-time gas injection in liquid-conveying pipelines. Understanding these characteristics is crucial for optimizing pipeline efficiency and enhancing production safety.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted short-time gas injection experiments in a vertical rectangular pipe, focusing on Taylor bubble formation time and stable length. Computational fluid dynamics simulations using large eddy simulation and volume of fluid models were used to complement the experiments.

Findings
Results reveal that the stable length of Taylor bubbles is significantly influenced by gas injection velocity and duration. Specifically, high injection velocity and duration lead to increased bubble aggregation and recirculation region capture, extending the stable length. Additionally, a higher injection velocity accelerates reaching the critical local gas volume fraction, thereby reducing formation time. The developed fitting formulas for stable length and formation time show good agreement with experimental data, with average errors of 6.5% and 7.39%, respectively. The predicted values of the formulas in glycerol-water and ethanol solutions are also in good agreement with the simulation results.

Originality/value
This research provides new insights into Taylor bubble dynamics under short-time gas injection, offering predictive formulas for bubble formation time and stable length. These findings are valuable for optimizing industrial pipeline designs and mitigating potential safety issues.