bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncovering the knowledge about systemic amyloidosis relevant to the rheumatologists
Authors: Pereira Ivanio Alves , Neto Nilton Salles Rosa , do Nascimento Renan Rodrigues Neves Ribeiro , Freire Eutilia Andrade Medeiros , Neves Fabricio de Souza , Bica Blanca Elena Rios Gomes , Pinheiro Frederico Augusto Gurgel , Perazzio Sandro Félix , Cordeiro Rafael Alves , Giardini Henrique Ayres Mayrink , Azevedo Valderilio Feijo , Sztajnbok Flavio Roberto 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAmyloidosis is a localized or systemic disease caused by deposition of proteins in the extracellular space of various organs and tissues. As part of the disease, proteins that were originally soluble misfold and acquire a fibrillar conformation that renders them insoluble and resistant to proteolysis. Systemic amyloidosis is a rare, often underdiagnosed condition. In recent years, the incidence of newly diagnosed cases of amyloidosis has been increasing in association with the aging of the population and greater access to diagnostic tests. From a clinical perspective, systemic amyloidosis is frequently associated with involvement of the kidneys (causing nephrotic syndrome), heart (cardiac failure and arrhythmia), and peripheral nervous system (sensorimotor polyneuropathy and autonomic dysfunction). This condition is important to the rheumatologist for several reasons, such as its systemic involvement that mimics autoimmune rheumatic diseases, its musculoskeletal manifestations, which when recognized can allow the diagnosis of amyloidosis, and also because reactive or secondary AA amyloidosis is a complication of rheumatic inflammatory diseases. The treatment of amyloidosis depends on the type of amyloid protein involved. Early recognition of this rare disease is fundamental for improved clinical outcomes.
Ultra-lightweight convolution-transformer network for early fire smoke detection
Authors: Chaturvedi Shubhangi , Shubham Arun Chandravanshi , Singh Thakur Poornima , Khanna Pritee , Ojha Aparajita 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Forests are invaluable resources, and fire is a natural process that is considered an integral part of the forest ecosystem. Although fire offers several ecological benefits, its frequent occurrence in different parts of the world has raised concerns in the recent past. Covering millions of hectares of forest land, these fire incidents have resulted in the loss of human lives, wild habitats, civil infrastructure, and severe damage to the environment. Around 90% of wildland fires have been caused by humans intentionally or unintentionally. Early detection of fire close to human settlements and wildlife centuries can help mitigate fire hazards. Numerous artificial intelligence-based solutions have been proposed in the past decade that prioritize the detection of fire smoke, as it can be caught through remote sensing and provide an early sign of wildland fire. However, most of these methods are either computationally intensive or suffer from a high false alarm rate. In this paper, a lightweight deep neural network model is proposed for fire smoke detection in images captured by satellites or other remote sensing sources.

Results
With only 0.6 million parameters and 0.4 billion floating point operations per second, the hybrid network of convolutional and vision transformer blocks efficiently detects smoke in normal and foggy environmental conditions. It outperforms seven state-of-the-art methods on four datasets, including a self-collected dataset from the “Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer” satellite imagery. The model achieves an accuracy of more than 99% on three datasets and 93.90% on the fourth dataset. The t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding of extracted features by the proposed model demonstrates its superior feature learning capabilities. It is remarkable that even a tiny occurrence of smoke covering just 2% of the satellite image area is efficiently detected by the model.

Conclusions
With low memory and computational demands, the proposed model works exceedingly well, making it suitable for deployment in resource constrained devices for forest surveillance and early fire smoke detection.
Unveiling spindle cell lipoma: a radiological case report
Authors: Raj Joe Vimal , Vigneshwaran B. , Subbiah Yamini , Padmanaban Elamparidhi , Amirthalingam Umamageswari , Balavaitheeswar R. L. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Spindle cell lipoma is a benign adipocytic tumour, commonly occuring in the subcutis of posterior neck, upper back and shoulder, particularly in middle aged males. It is often composed of relatively equal ratio of fat and spindle cells, yet either component may predominate. Because of its variable ratio, a spindle cell lipoma may mimic liposarcoma radiologically. This article aimed to describe the MRI characteristics that assist in diagnosing spindle cell lipoma.
Case presentation:
A 45-year-old female presented with a gradually progressive neck swelling along the posterior aspect over a period of 2 years. Physical examination revealed a firm, mobile, non-tender mass in the left suboccipital region. Radiographic imaging showed a well-defined heterogeneous, minimally enhancing soft tissue swelling with areas of macroscopic fat and multiple macrocalcifications in the left suboccipital region extending to the left parapharyngeal space, showing loss of fat plane with adjacent muscles. Differential diagnoses of soft tissue neoplasms such as atypical lipoma and low-grade liposarcoma were considered. Surgical excision confirmed a myxoid variant of spindle cell lipoma upon histopathological examination.

Conclusion
Spindle cell lipomas, commonly found in the posterior neck, have varied imaging features that are not distinctive. Despite their non-specific nature, radiologists should recognize these features, as the tumor can be treated effectively with simple excision. When encountering a well-defined, complex fatty mass in the subcutaneous tissue of the posterior neck, consider a diagnostic possibility of spindle cell lipoma.
Thyroid Hormone Regulates Postnatal Development of the Rete Testis in Mice
Authors: Kulibin Andrey Yu , Malolina Ekaterina A 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Thyroid hormone regulates the rate of testis maturation in mammals. Manipulations of thyroid hormone levels in neonatal animals affect various aspects of testis biology. However, there have been no studies examining the effects of thyroid hormone on the rete testis (RT). Here, we used animal models of neonatal hyperthyroidism (injections of triiodothyronine, or T3) and hypothyroidism (goitrogen 6-propyl-2-thiouracil [PTU] treatment) and found that higher levels of thyroid hormone accelerate RT development, while lower levels of thyroid hormone delay it. T3 and PTU treatments influence RT size, proliferation of RT cells, and expression of DMRT1 and androgen receptor in the RT. T3 supplementation accelerates RT development in an organ testicular culture, which indicates the local action of thyroid hormone. Additionally, it was found that follicle-stimulating hormone could be involved in the regulation both of RT proliferation and RT size. The fact that RT cells in a cell culture do not respond to T3 suggests indirect action of thyroid hormone on the RT in vivo or the loss of the responsiveness to the hormone in vitro.
Cardiac Output Directly Influences Intracardiac Air After Venous Air Embolism: An Echocardiographic Model Comparing Position Change on Intracardiac Air Bubble Clearance
Authors: Marcellino Chris , Nelson James A. , Atkinson John L. D. , Pasternak Jeffrey J. , Abcejo Arnoley S. 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Venous air embolism (VAE) can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Prevention and management of VAE include cessation of air entrainment, positioning changes, and hemodynamic support. The degree to which position change and cardiac output (CO) moderate resolution of intracardiac air has not been rigorously studied using contemporary transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).

METHODS:
This observational cohort-type study aimed to identify the effect of supine vs sitting positioning on the movement and resolution of intracardiac air. In 20 patients undergoing seated neurosurgery, central venous air aspiration catheters were placed through the median basilic vein. TEE was used to estimate the time required for clearance of agitated microbubbles from the right atrium and ventricle in both the supine and sitting position. Estimates of CO were also obtained echocardiographically in each position.

RESULTS:
Average clearance time was faster in the sitting vs the supine position with no significant difference in CO. A negative correlation between CO and right atrial clearance time across all patients was demonstrated with a Pearson coefficient of −0.4 (95% CI −0.07, −0.65) with P = .02.

CONCLUSION:
During VAE, both patient position and CO can significantly affect how bubbles move through intracardiac chambers. However, augmenting CO during VAE may be clinically more feasible, efficient, and productive than changing positioning—especially during crises unless the changing in position is intended to halt the entrainment of air. Further TEE studies of intravascular air movement affected by other position changes (lateral, reverse Trendelenburg) and vasopressors should be considered.
Staphylococcus aureus lipid factors modulate melanoma cell clustering and invasion
Authors: Giese Morgan A. , Ramakrishnan Gayathri , Steenberge Laura H. , Dovan Jerome X. , Sauer John-Demian , Huttenlocher Anna 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The microbiome can influence cancer development and progression. However, less is known about the role of the skin microbiota in melanoma. Here, we took advantage of a zebrafish melanoma model to probe the effects of Staphylococcus aureus on melanoma invasion. We found that S. aureus produces factors that enhance melanoma invasion and dissemination in zebrafish larvae. We used a published in vitro 3D cluster formation assay that correlates increased clustering with tumor invasion. S. aureus supernatant increased clustering of melanoma cells and was abrogated by a Rho-Kinase inhibitor, implicating a role for Rho-GTPases. The melanoma clustering response was specific to S. aureus but not to other staphylococcal species, including S. epidermidis. Our findings suggest that S. aureus promotes melanoma clustering and invasion via lipids generated by the lipase Sal2 (officially known as GehB). Taken together, these findings suggest that specific bacterial products mediate melanoma invasive migration in zebrafish.
The interplay of serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 receptors in chronic stress
Authors: Bijata Monika , Wirth Alexander , Wlodarczyk Jakub , Ponimaskin Evgeni 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Serotonin regulates multiple physiological and pathological processes in the brain, including mood and cognition. The serotonin receptors 5-HT1AR (also known as HTR1A) and 5-HT7R (also known as HTR7) have emerged as key players in stress-related disorders, particularly depression. These receptors can form heterodimers, which influence their functions. Here, we explored the developmental dynamics of 5-HT1AR and 5-HT7R expression and validated heterodimerization levels in the brain of control and stressed mice. In control animals, we found that there was an increase in 5-HT1AR expression over 5-HT7R in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus during development. Using a chronic unpredictable stress as a depression model, we found an increase in 5-HT7R expression exclusively in the PFC of resilient animals, whereas no changes in 5-HT1AR expression between control and anhedonic mice were obtained. Quantitative in situ analysis of heterodimerization revealed the PFC as the region exhibiting the highest abundance of 5-HT1AR–5-HT7R heterodimers. More importantly, upon chronic stress, the amount of heterodimers was significantly reduced only in PFC of anhedonic mice, whereas it was not affected in resilient animals. These results suggest an important role of brain-region-specific 5-HT1AR–5-HT7R heterodimerization for establishing depressive-like behaviour and for development of resiliency.
Stability of a Queue Fed by Scheduled Traffic at Critical Loading
Authors: Araman Victor F. , Glynn Peter W. 
Published: September 2024

Performance of a queueing system with scheduled arrivals A scheduled arrival sequence is one in which customers are scheduled to arrive at constant interarrival times, but each customer’s actual arrival time is perturbed from her scheduled arrival time by a random perturbation. In “Stability of a Queue Fed by Scheduled Traffic at Critical Loading”, V.F. Araman and P.W. Glynn consider a single server queue with deterministic service times in which customers arrive following a scheduled arrival process. Unlike a queue fed by renewal traffic, this queue is shown to be stable even when the utilization is equal to one. It is also shown that for finite mean perturbations, a necessary and sufficient condition for stability is when the positive part of the perturbation has bounded support, with no requirement on the negative part of the perturbation. Perhaps surprisingly, this criterion is not reversible, in the sense that such a queue can be stable for a scheduled traffic process in forward time, but unstable for the time-reversal of the same traffic process.
Clinical, oncological, and prognostic differences of patients with subsequent skeletal-related events in bone metastases
Authors: Hsieh Hsiang-Chieh , Yen Hung-Kuan , Hsieh Wen-Tung , Lin Ching-Wei , Pan Yu-Ting , Jaw Fu-Shan , Janssen Stein J. , Lin Wei-Hsin , Hu Ming-Hsiao , Groot Olivier 
Published: September 2024

AimsAdvances in treatment have extended the life expectancy of patients with metastatic bone disease (MBD). Patients could experience more skeletal-related events (SREs) as a result of this progress. Those who have already experienced a SRE could encounter another local management for a subsequent SRE, which is not part of the treatment for the initial SRE. However, there is a noted gap in research on the rate and characteristics of subsequent SREs requiring further localized treatment, obligating clinicians to extrapolate from experiences with initial SREs when confronting subsequent ones. This study aimed to investigate the proportion of MBD patients developing subsequent SREs requiring local treatment, examine if there are prognostic differences at the initial treatment between those with single versus subsequent SREs, and determine if clinical, oncological, and prognostic features differ between initial and subsequent SRE treatments.MethodsThis retrospective study included 3,814 adult patients who received local treatment – surgery and/or radiotherapy – for bone metastasis between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2019. All included patients had at least one SRE requiring local treatment. A subsequent SRE was defined as a second SRE requiring local treatment. Clinical, oncological, and prognostic features were compared between single SREs and subsequent SREs using Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher’s exact test, and Kaplan–Meier curve.ResultsOf the 3,814 patients with SREs, 3,159 (83%) patients had a single SRE and 655 (17%) patients developed a subsequent SRE. Patients who developed subsequent SREs generally had characteristics that favoured longer survival, such as higher BMI, higher albumin levels, fewer comorbidities, or lower neutrophil count. Once the patient got to the point of subsequent SRE, their clinical and oncological characteristics and one-year survival (28%) were not as good as those with only a single SRE (35%; p < 0.001), indicating that clinicians’ experiences when treating the initial SRE are not similar when treating a subsequent SRE.ConclusionThis study found that 17% of patients required treatments for a second, subsequent SRE, and the current clinical guideline did not provide a specific approach to this clinical condition. We observed that referencing the initial treatment, patients in the subsequent SRE group had longer six-week, 90-day, and one-year median survival than patients in the single SRE group. Once patients develop a subsequent SRE, they have a worse one-year survival rate than those who receive treatment for a single SRE. Future research should identify prognostic factors and assess the applicability of existing survival prediction models for better management of subsequent SREs.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(9):497–506.
Sensitivity enhanced temperature and strain sensor based on parallel hybrid interferometers and the Vernier effect
Authors: Sun Chentong , Ning Tigang , Pei Li , Zheng Jingjing , Wang Wensheng , Zhang Bingbing , Hou Huizhen , Zhang Dan 
Published: September 2024

A fiber sensor with significantly enhanced temperature and strain sensitivities is proposed. This sensor, which comprises a fiber Sagnac interferometer (FSI) in parallel with an improved fiber modal interferometer (FMI), has been validated in experiments. The FSI consists of a section of polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) and a 2×2 3 dB optical coupler (OC), serving as the sensing interferometer. The improved FMI with a higher extinction ratio (ER) consists of a core-offset structure, no core fiber (NCF), single-mode fiber (SMF), and few mode fiber (FMF), serving as the reference interferometer. Different Vernier effect envelopes have distinct responses to temperature and strain, thereby making the sensor a good choice for concurrent monitoring of temperature and strain variations. The experimental outcomes demonstrate an enhancement in both temperature and strain sensitivity, advancing from –1.33 nm/°C of a conventional single FSI to 22.26 nm/°C and from 2.83 to –50.99 pm/µɛ, respectively. The proposed sensor, with its advantages of exceptional sensitivity, uncomplicated design, and economical cost, provides what we believe is a novel and effective solution for the practical measurement of temperature and strain.
Gain performance and thermal effects of Nd:Glass and Nd,Y:SrF2 crystal
Authors: Zhang Yenan , Wang Jiangfeng , Li Xuechun , Guo Jiangtao , Lu Xinghua , Wang Xiaochao , Zhang Zhen , Jiang Dapeng , Su Liangbi , Fan Wei 
Published: September 2024

The gain performance and thermal effects of Nd:glass (N31) and Nd,Y:SrF2 crystal are investigated and compared. The results show that, under the same pump conditions, Nd,Y:SrF2 can provide a small-signal gain similar to that of N31. The main advantages of Nd,Y:SrF2 are its weaker thermal effects and greater thermal-fracture limitations compared with those of N31. In this paper, the two gain media are compared in the form of rods whose diameter is 5 mm and length is 60 mm. The small-signal gain coefficients of N31 and Nd,Y:SrF2 are 1.39 and 1.46, respectively, at a pump energy of 1.5 J/1 Hz. The pump energy is set at 1.5 J/8 Hz to experimentally investigate their thermal effects. The thermal wavefront of N31 is 0.987λ at a repetition rate of 10 Hz, whereas that of Nd,Y:SrF2 is 0.679λ. In thermal destructive experiments, N31 fractured at an average pump power of 15 W (1.5 J/10 Hz), whereas Nd,Y:SrF2 fractured at a higher power of 27 W (1.5 J/18 Hz) owing to its excellent thermal conductivity, which is 7.28 times that of N31. These results indicate the potential of Nd,Y:SrF2 crystal as a gain medium for high-repetition-rate laser amplifiers.
Maximizing the FWM conversion efficiency in a PCF with a randomly varying pitch
Authors: Zhang Wei , Gattass Rafael R. , Shaw L. Brandon , Menyuk Curtis R. , Hu Jonathan 
Published: September 2024

We theoretically investigate the generation of visible light using
four-wave mixing (FWM) in photonic crystal fibers (PCFs), whose input
is produced by a high-power continuous wave (CW) or quasi-CW fiber
laser. We analyze the impact on the conversion efficiency of the
randomly varying pitch along the fiber, which in turn leads to
variations of the FWM wavelength. We show that the conversion
efficiency is maximized when the mean pitch and hole diameters are
chosen so that the derivative of the FWM wavelength with respect to
the pitch is zero. We then use this criterion to determine the maximum
conversion efficiency over a wavelength range of 650–850 nm
with a pump at 1064 nm.
The OASIS walking study—Older adults with cognitive impairment performing sit to stands and walking in transitional care programs: Protocol for a feasibility study
Authors: Cumal Alexia , Colella Tracey J. F. , Puts Martine T. , McGilton Katherine S. 
Published: September 2024

Older adults with cognitive impairment often experience low mobility and functional decline in hospital, transfer to facility-based transitional care programs, and have poorer outcomes compared to those without cognitive impairment. This protocol paper describes a study which aims to determine the feasibility of, satisfaction with, and efficacy of a nurse-led mobility intervention (OASIS Walking Intervention) for older adults with cognitive impairment in facility-based transitional care programs in Ontario, Canada. A quasi-experimental one-group time series feasibility study will be conducted. A sample size of 26 participants will be recruited from two transitional care programs in Ontario, Canada. Participants will receive the OASIS Walking Intervention for up to 45 minutes per session, 5 sessions per week, for 6 weeks. The intervention consists of: 1) a patient-centered communication care plan; 2) sit to stand activity; and 3) a walking program. Feasibility will be determined by: a) recruitment rate; b) retention rate; and c) adherence. Efficacy of the intervention will be determined by the change over time in older adults’ lower extremity muscle strength, mobility, and functional status and by their discharge destination (home vs. nursing home). Satisfaction will be measured using the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire. Efficacy outcomes will be measured before the start of the intervention, after 3 weeks of the intervention, and immediately after 6-week intervention. Descriptive statistics will be used for measures of feasibility, satisfaction, and discharge destination. Repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) will be used to analyze efficacy. Ethics approval has been received for this study. Findings from the study will be used to refine the intervention for use in a definitive pilot trial. Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, international conferences, through group presentations at the study sites, and through the study site networks.
Trial registration: The trial has been registered on Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06150339).