bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
C-terminal domain of p42 Ebp1 is essential for down regulation of p85 subunit of PI3K, inhibiting tumor growth
Authors: Hwang Inwoo , Kim Chung Kwon , Ko Hyo Rim , Park Kye Won , Cho Sung-Woo , Ahn Jee-Yin 
Published: July 2016

AbstractPotential tumor suppressor p42, ErbB3-binding protein 1 (EBP1) inhibits phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity reducing the p85 regulatory subunit. In this study, we demonstrated that overexpression of p42 promoted not only a reduction of wild type of p85 subunit but also oncogenic mutant forms of p85 which were identified in human cancers. Moreover, we identified the small fragment of C-terminal domain of p42 is sufficient to exhibit tumor suppressing activity of p42-WT, revealing that this small fragment (280–394) of p42 is required for the binding of both HSP70 and CHIP for a degradation of p85. Furthermore, we showed the small fragment of p42 markedly inhibited the tumor growth in mouse xenograft models of brain and breast cancer, resembling tumor suppressing activity of p42. Through identification of the smallest fragment of p42 that is responsible for its tumor suppressor activity, our findings represent a novel approach for targeted therapy of cancers that overexpress PI3K.
Hepatic immunophenotyping for streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia in mice
Authors: Lee Young-Sun , Eun Hyuk Soo , Kim So Yeon , Jeong Jong-Min , Seo Wonhyo , Byun Jin-Seok , Jeong Won-Il , Yi Hyon-Seung 
Published: July 2016

AbstractEmerging evidence revealed that diabetes induces abnormal immune responses that result in serious complications in organs. However, the effect of hyperglycemia on hepatic immunity remains obscure. We evaluated the population and function of hepatic immune cells in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemic mice. CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2)-knockout mice and mice with a depletion of regulatory T cells (DEREG) were used to investigate the migration and role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in hyperglycemic mice. The inflammatory cytokines and hepatic transaminase levels were significantly increased in the hyperglycemic mice. The population and number of infiltrating monocytes, granulocytes, and Tregs were enhanced in the livers of the hyperglycemic mice. Hepatic monocytes other than macrophages showed the increased expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the hyperglycemic mice. The CCR2 knockout and DEREG chimeric mice exhibited increased populations of activated T cells and neutrophils compared to the WT chimeric mice, which promoted hepatic inflammation in the hyperglycemic mice. The migration of CCR2 knockout Tregs into the liver was significantly reduced compared to the WT Tregs. We demonstrated that hyperglycemia contributes to increase in infiltrating monocytes and Tregs, which are associated with hepatic immune dysfunction in mice. CCR2-mediated migration of Tregs regulates hyperglycemia-induced hepatic inflammation.
High sensitivity of Indian summer monsoon to Middle East dust absorptive properties
Authors: Jin Qinjian , Yang Zong-Liang , Wei Jiangfeng 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe absorptive properties of dust aerosols largely determine the magnitude of their radiative impacts on the climate system. Currently, climate models use globally constant values of dust imaginary refractive index (IRI), a parameter describing the dust absorption efficiency of solar radiation, although it is highly variable. Here we show with model experiments that the dust-induced Indian summer monsoon (ISM) rainfall differences (with dust minus without dust) change from −9% to 23% of long-term climatology as the dust IRI is changed from zero to the highest values used in the current literature. A comparison of the model results with surface observations, satellite retrievals, and reanalysis data sets indicates that the dust IRI values used in most current climate models are too low, tending to significantly underestimate dust radiative impacts on the ISM system. This study highlights the necessity for developing a parameterization of dust IRI for climate studies.
Serum aspirin esterase activity in cord blood and in adults
Authors: Gugliucci Alejandro , Kimura Satoshi , Menini Teresita , Hermo Ricardo , Numaguchi Masahide 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThere is scarce information about altered aspirin – esterase (AE) activities in various physiological and pathological states, as well as the putative agents modulating this activity. Since there are no data on AE levels in cord blood, we set up this study to measure its activity in neonates' cord blood and in adults, using an optimized technique developed in our laboratory. We performed a case-control study with 28 newborns, and control adult subjects were selected from a healthy population of hospital workers. Aspirin esterase activity in cord blood was 60 ± 12 nmol/mL/min vs 87 ± 12 nmol/mL/min in adults, p < 0.00001. No correlation of AE activity and HDL cholesterol, HDL/LDL cholesterol or paraoxonase 1 was found. Aspirin esterase correlated significantly with serum cholinesterase: r = 0.86 p < 0.0001, which was also 30% ower in cord blood than in adults. We show here, for the first time, that cord blood serum has a significant aspirin esterase activity, even though is its 40% lower than that found in adults. Our data provide baseline information for future studies on the physiology of aspirin esterase in children and the factors that modulate its activity to reach adult levels.
Characteristics of edge pedestals in LHW and NBI heated H-mode plasmas on EAST
Authors: Zang Q. , Wang T. , Liang Y. , Sun Y. , Chen H. , Xiao S. , Han X. , Hu A. , Hsieh C. , Zhou H. , Zhao J. , Zhang T. , Gong X. , Hu L. , Liu F. , Hu C. , Gao X. , Wan B. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
By using the recently developed Thomson scattering diagnostic, the pedestal structure of the H-mode with neutral beam injection (NBI) or/and lower hybrid wave (LHW) heating on EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak) is analyzed in detail. We find that a higher ratio of the power of the NBI to the total power of the NBI and the lower hybrid wave (LHW) will produce a large and regular different edge-localized mode (ELM), and a lower ratio will produce a small and irregular ELM. The experiments show that the mean pedestal width has good correlation with

β

p
,
ped

0.5

, The pedestal width appears to be wider than that on other similar machines, which could be due to lithium coating. However, it is difficult to draw any conclusion of correlation between ρ
* and the pedestal width for limited ρ
* variation and scattered distribution. It is also found that T
e/

∇

T
e is ~2 cm, which is the same as the AUG (ASDEX Upgrade), DIII-D and JET (Joint European Torus) results.
Preclinical Pharmacology of CW002
Authors: Sunaga Hiroshi , Savarese John J. , McGilvra Jeff D. , Heerdt Paul M. , Belmont Matthew R. , Van Ornum Scott G. , Murrell Matthew T. , Malhotra Jaideep K. , Savard Peter M. , Jeannotte Erin , Petty Bryce J. , Allen Erica , Carnathan Gilbert W. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Background
CW002, a novel nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent of intermediate duration, is degraded in vitro by l-cysteine; CW002-induced neuromuscular blockade (NMB) is antagonized in vivo by exogenous l-cysteine.1 Further, Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee–approved studies of safety and efficacy in eight anesthetized monkeys and six cats are described.

Methods
Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, twitch, and train-of-four were recorded; estimated dose producing 95% twitch inhibition (ED95) for NMB and twitch recovery intervals from 5 to 95% of baseline were derived. Antagonism of 99 to 100% block in monkeys by l-cysteine (50 mg/kg) was tested after bolus doses of approximately 3.75 to 20 × ED95 and after infusions. Vagal and sympathetic autonomic responses were recorded in cats. Dose ratios for [circulatory (ED20) or autonomic (ED50) changes/ED95 (NMB)] were calculated.

Results
ED95s of CW002 in monkeys and cats were 0.040 and 0.035 mg/kg; l-cysteine readily antagonized block in monkeys: 5 to 95% twitch recovery intervals were shortened to 1.8 to 3.6 min after 3.75 to 10 × ED95 or infusions versus 11.5 to 13.5 min during spontaneous recovery. ED for 20% decrease of mean arterial pressure (n = 27) was 1.06 mg/kg in monkeys; ED for 20% increase of HR (n = 27) was 2.16 mg/kg. ED50s for vagal and sympathetic inhibition in cats were 0.59 and &gt;&gt;0.80 mg/kg (n = 14 and 15). Dose ratios for [circulatory or autonomic changes/ED95 (NMB)] were all more than 15 × ED95.

Conclusions
The data further verify the neuromuscular blocking properties of CW002, including rapid reversal by l-cysteine of 100% NMB under several circumstances. A notable lack of autonomic or circulatory effects provided added proof of safety and efficacy.
Medial Knee Approach: An Anatomical Study of Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis in Medial Femoral Condylar Fracture
Authors: Sirisreetreerux Norachart , Shafiq Babar , Osgood Greg M. , Hasenboehler Erik A. 
Published: July 2016

Objectives:
To determine the location of distal medial neurovascular structures, identifying a medial “safe zone” for minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis to treat displaced femoral condylar fractures.

Methods:
Eleven uninjured lower-half torsos were dissected on the bilateral medial lower thigh. A longitudinal incision was made at the midsagittal plane of the medial thigh starting 1 cm proximal to the knee joint and extending to the proximal one-third of the femur. Superficial and deep neurovascular structures were dissected. Distances to the medial vastus and adductor compartment were measured.

Results:
Mean distances were 160 ± 31.4 mm from the adductor tubercle to Hunter canal; 94 ± 18.3 mm from adductor tubercle to adductor hiatus; 31.8 ± 9.21 mm from Hunter canal to the femoral shaft; and 31.7 ± 7.78 mm from adductor hiatus to femoral shaft. All specimens had a descending genicular artery (DGA) with a mean distance to the adductor tubercle of 98.4 ± 16.0 mm. The muscular branch of the DGA crossed the femoral shaft at approximately 50 mm from the adductor tubercle; the osteoarticular branch ran along the adductor magnus tendon. The nerve to the vastus medialis was at the posterior border of the vastus medialis, entering at a mean 143 ± 63.0 mm from the adductor tubercle.

Conclusions:
Minor neurovascular branches of the DGA may be vulnerable during medial femoral condyle plating. Careful blunt dissection, proper instrumentation, and plate length within 160 mm allow distal medial femur fixation without additional proximal dissection.
Prevalence of Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder After Acute Orthopaedic Trauma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Muscatelli Stefano , Spurr Hayley , O'Hara Nathan N. , O'Hara Lyndsay M. , Sprague Sheila A. , Slobogean Gerard P. 
Published: July 2016

Objectives:
This study aims to systematically assess the existing literature and to derive a pooled estimate of the prevalence of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adult patients after acute orthopaedic trauma.

Data Sources:
A comprehensive search of databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases was conducted through June 2015.

Study Selection:
We included studies that assessed the prevalence of depression or PTSD in patients who experienced acute orthopaedic trauma to the appendicular skeleton or pelvis. Studies with a sample size of ≤10 were excluded.

Data Extraction:
Two authors independently extracted data from the selected studies and the data collected were compared with verify agreement.

Data Synthesis:
Twenty-seven studies and 7109 subjects were included in the analysis. Using a random-effects model, the weighted pooled prevalence of depression was 32.6% (95% CI, 25.0%–41.2%) and the weighted pooled prevalence of PTSD was 26.6% (95% CI, 19.0%–35.9%). Six studies evaluated the prevalence of both depression and PTSD in patients with acute orthopaedic injuries. The weighted pooled prevalence of both depression and PTSD for those patients was 16.8% (95% CI, 9.0%–29.4%).

Conclusions:
Nearly one-third of patients suffer from depression and more than one-quarter of patients suffer from PTSD after an acute orthopaedic injury suggesting that strategies to address both the mental and physical rehabilitation after an orthopaedic injury should be considered to optimize patient recovery.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
SUBTENON AMIKACIN INJECTION FOR THE TREATMENT OF NOCARDIA ASTEROIDES ORBITAL CELLULITIS IN A PATIENT WITH A HISTORY OF SCLERAL BUCKLING
Authors: Gursel Ozkurt Zeynep , Demirci Hakan 
Published: July 2016

Purpose:
To evaluate the use of subtenon amikacin injection for the treatment of Nocardia asteroides orbital cellulitis in a patient with a history of scleral buckle surgery.

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
A 79-year-old diabetic woman presented with an 8-month history of diplopia, discharge, and swelling around her left eye. She had a scleral buckle surgery in this eye about 15 years ago. Examination of the left eye showed a visual acuity of 20/80, swollen and ptotic upper eyelid, chemotic conjunctiva, and limited extraocular motility. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an abscess under the scleral buckle. The scleral buckle was removed, and the abscess under the scleral buckle was drained. N. asteroides grew on the culture. Despite 4 months of the systemic trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and the topical fortified amikacin therapy, her infection worsened. After 5 monthly subtenon amikacin injections, the infection regressed dramatically, and her vision improved to 20/70. She used the systemic trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for 10 more months. After a 1-year follow-up, her external examination was normal, except for the left upper eyelid ptosis.

Conclusion:
Subtenon amikacin injection can be added to the regimen for N. asteroides orbital cellulitis, of which surgical drainage, systemic and topical antibiotic therapies are not enough to control infection.
Prevalence of Primary HPV in Djibouti: Feasibility of Screening for Early Diagnosis of Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions
Authors: Petrelli Alessio , Di Napoli Anteo , Giorgi Rossi Paolo , Rossi Alessandra , Luccini Daniele , Di Marco Ilaria , Traoré Amadou Laico , Gillio Tos Anna , Trevisan Morena , Mirisola Concetta , Costanzo Gianfranco 
Published: July 2016

Objective
In many African Sub-Saharan countries, human papilloma virus (HPV) prevalence data are not available. The current study estimated the prevalence of HPV virus in the female population of Djibouti.

Methods
Approximately 1000 asymptomatic women 16 to 64 years old were enrolled from 3 of the main health structures of Djibouti in 2014 and 2015; 998 cervical samples were tested for HPV-DNA of high risk types, 499 during the first year, and 499 during the second. Positive samples were typed with an HPV genotyping kit.

Results
The women were an average age of 38.8 years (SD, 10.2); 54 women tested positive for HPV (prevalence rate, 5.4% [95% confidence interval, 4.0–6.8]). The highest prevalence was observed among the women younger than 35 years. HPV66 was the most prevalent (15.4% of the infections), followed by HPV31 and HPV52 (10.8% both) and HPV16 (9.2%). All 54 women who tested HPV-positive underwent a Pap test, which was positive in 8 cases (14.8%): 2 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and 6 low-grade (LSIL).

Conclusions
The HPV prevalence shows a curve by age similar to that of other African countries. The proportion of HPV16 is among the lowest ever seen in similar studies. The findings suggest to Djibouti the choice of a strategy of screening that includes forms of cytological triage, thus limiting recourse to colposcopy.
Epidemiology of Adverse Events and Medical Errors in the Care of Cardiology Patients
Authors: Ohta Yoshinori , Miki Izumi , Kimura Takeshi , Abe Mitsuru , Sakuma Mio , Koike Kaoru , Morimoto Takeshi 
Published: July 2016

Objectives
There have been epidemiological studies of adverse events (AEs) among general patients but those of patients cared by cardiologist are not well scrutinized. We investigated the occurrence of AEs and medical errors (MEs) among adult patients with cardiology in Japan.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study of adult outpatients at a Japanese teaching hospital from February through November 2006. We measured AE and ME incidents from patient report, which were verified by medical records, laboratory data, incident reports, and prescription queries. Two independent physicians reviewed the incidents to determine whether they were AEs or MEs and to assess severity and symptoms.

Results
We identified 144 AEs and 30 MEs (16.3 and 3.9 per 100 patients, respectively). Of the 144 AEs, 99 were solely adverse drug events (ADEs), 20 were solely non-ADEs, and the remaining 25 were both causes. The most frequent symptoms of ADEs were skin and allergic reactions due to medication. The most frequent symptoms of non-ADEs were bleeding due to therapeutic interventions. Among AEs, 12% was life threatening. Life-threatening AEs were 25% of non-ADEs and 5% of ADEs (P = 0.0003). Among the 30 MEs, 21MEs (70%) were associated with drugs.

Conclusions
Adverse events were common among cardiology patients. Adverse drug events were the most frequent AEs, and non-ADEs were more critical than ADEs. Such data should be recognized among practicing physicians to improve the patients' outcomes.
RSAT matrix-clustering: dynamic exploration and redundancy reduction of transcription factor binding motif collections
Authors: Castro-Mondragon Jaime Abraham , Jaeger Sébastien , Thieffry Denis , Thomas-Chollier Morgane , van Helden Jacques 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTTranscription Factor (TF) databases contain multitudes of motifs from various sources, from which non-redundant collections are derived by manual curation. The advent of high-throughput methods stimulated the production of novel collections with increasing numbers of motifs. Meta-databases, built by merging these collections, contain redundant versions, because available tools are not suited to automatically identify and explore biologically relevant clusters among thousands of motifs. Motif discovery from genome-scale data sets (e.g. ChIP-seq peaks) also produces redundant motifs, hampering the interpretation of results. We presentmatrix-clustering, a versatile tool that clusters similar TFBMs into multiple trees, and automatically creates non-redundant collections of motifs. A feature unique tomatrix-clusteringis its dynamic visualisation of aligned TFBMs, and its capability to simultaneously treat multiple collections from various sources. We demonstrate thatmatrix-clusteringconsiderably simplifies the interpretation of combined results from multiple motif discovery tools and highlights biologically relevant variations of similar motifs. By clustering 24 entire databases (>7,500 motifs), we show thatmatrix-clusteringcorrectly groups motifs belonging to the same TF families, and can drastically reduce motif redundancy.matrix-clusteringis integrated within the RSAT suite (http://rsat.eu/), accessible through a user-friendly web interface or command-line for its integration in pipelines.
The Progestin DMPA is associated with increased CD 3 and CD 4 T-Lymphocytes among women living with HIV
Authors: Walong Edwin , Barasa Anne , Gontier Christopher 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIntroductionEstablishment of peripheral blood CD 3 and CD 4 lymphocyte counts is useful for immunological monitoring and staging of HIV. This forms the basis of management. This study evaluates total T lymphocyte and CD4 lymphocyte counts among women on DMPA and compares this to matched controls that were not on hormonal contraception.Materials and MethodsThis case control study was conducted in the western Kenya city of Kisumu. Participants were WHO stage I and II ART naïve HIV-positive women. The cases were enrolled in the institutional family planning clinic and must have had an intramuscular injection of DMPA within a three month period. We used a standard provider initiated questionnaire to collect social and demographic information. Peripheral blood CD 3 and CD 4 lymphocyte counts were determined using BD–Facs-count ™. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS®Version 17.ResultsA total of 138 participants were recruited into the study, 66 controls and 54 cases. The median ages were 26 and 28 respectively. The median CD 3 lymphocyte counts among controls and cases were 1628 and (p=0.004) while median CD4 lymphocyte counts are 649 (p=0.02).ConclusionUse of the progestin DMPA is associated with an increase in median in CD3 and CD 4 I lymphocyte counts. Although the clinical benefits of this increase is unclear, DMPA is safe for use among women living with HIV.
Evaluating approaches to find exon chains based on long reads
Authors: Kuosmanen Anna , Mäkinen Veli 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMotivationTranscript prediction can be modelled as a graph problem where exons are modelled as nodes and reads spanning two or more exons are modelled as exon chains. PacBio third-generation sequencing technology produces significantly longer reads than earlier second-generation sequencing technologies, which gives valuable information about longer exon chains in a graph. However, with the high error rates of third-generation sequencing, aligning long reads correctly around the splice sites is a challenging task. Incorrect alignments lead to spurious nodes and arcs in the graph, which in turn lead to incorrect transcript predictions.ResultsWe survey several approaches to find the exon chains corresponding to long reads in a splicing graph, and experimentally study the performance of these methods using simulated data to allow for sensitivity / precision analysis. Our experiments show that short reads from second-generation sequencing can be used to significantly improve exon chain correctness either by error-correcting the long reads before splicing graph creation, or by using them to create a splicing graph on which the long read alignments are then projected. We also study the memory and time consumption of various modules, and show that accurate exon chains lead to significantly increased transcript prediction accuracy.AvailabilityThe simulated data and in-house scripts used for this article are available athttp://cs.helsinki.fi/u/aekuosma/exon_chain_evaluation_publish.tar.gz.
Plasma Membrane Microdomains Are Essential for Rac1-RbohB/H-Mediated Immunity in Rice
Authors: Nagano Minoru , Ishikawa Toshiki , Fujiwara Masayuki , Fukao Yoichiro , Kawano Yoji , Kawai-Yamada Maki , Shimamoto Ko 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Numerous plant defense-related proteins are thought to congregate in plasma membrane microdomains, which consist mainly of sphingolipids and sterols. However, the extent to which microdomains contribute to defense responses in plants is unclear. To elucidate the relationship between microdomains and innate immunity in rice (Oryza sativa), we established lines in which the levels of sphingolipids containing 2-hydroxy fatty acids were decreased by knocking down two genes encoding fatty acid 2-hydroxylases (FAH1 and FAH2) and demonstrated that microdomains were less abundant in these lines. By testing these lines in a pathogen infection assay, we revealed that microdomains play an important role in the resistance to rice blast fungus infection. To illuminate the mechanism by which microdomains regulate immunity, we evaluated changes in protein composition, revealing that microdomains are required for the dynamics of the Rac/ROP small GTPase Rac1 and respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rbohs) in response to chitin elicitor. Furthermore, FAHs are essential for the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after chitin treatment. Together with the observation that RbohB, a defense-related NADPH oxidase that interacts with Rac1, is localized in microdomains, our data indicate that microdomains are required for chitin-induced immunity through ROS signaling mediated by the Rac1-RbohB pathway.