bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factor XIII A-Subunit V34L Variant Affects Thrombus Cross-Linking in a Murine Model of Thrombosis
Authors: Duval Cédric , Ali Majid , Chaudhry Waleed W. , Ridger Victoria C. , Ariëns Robert A.S. , Philippou Helen 
Published: January 2016

Objective—
Factor XIII (FXIII) cross-links fibrin upon activation by thrombin. Activation involves cleavage at residue 37 by thrombin, releasing an activation peptide. A common polymorphism (valine to leucine variant at residue 34, V34L), located in the activation peptide, has been associated with increased activation rates and paradoxically a protective effect in cardiovascular disease. There is, currently, no data available on the effects of V34L from in vivo models of thrombosis. We examined the effect of FXIII V34L on clot formation and cross-linking in vivo.

Approach and Results—

We generated a panel of full-length recombinant human FXIII-A
2
variants with amino acid substitutions in the activation peptide to investigate the effect of these variants on activation rate, and we used wild-type, V34L, and alanine to glycine variant at residue 33 variants to study the effects of varying FXIII activation rate on thrombus formation in a murine model of FeCl
3
injury. FXIII activation assay showed that residues 29, 30, 33, and 34 play a critical role in thrombin interaction. Full-length recombinant human FXIII-A
2
V34L has significant effects on clot formation, structure, and lysis in vitro, using turbidity assay. This variant influenced fibrin cross-linking but not size of the thrombus in vivo.

Conclusions—
Mutations in the activation peptide of full-length recombinant FXIII regulate activation rates by thrombin, and V34L influences in vivo thrombus formation by increased cross-linking of the clot.
Simulating the QBO in an Atmospheric General Circulation Model: Sensitivity to Resolved and Parameterized Forcing
Authors: Anstey James A. , Scinocca John F. , Keller Martin 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) of tropical stratospheric zonal winds is simulated in an atmospheric general circulation model and its sensitivity to model parameters is explored. Vertical resolution in the lower tropical stratosphere finer than ≈1 km and sufficiently strong forcing by parameterized nonorographic gravity wave drag are both required for the model to exhibit a QBO-like oscillation. Coarser vertical resolution yields oscillations that are seasonally synchronized and driven mainly by gravity wave drag. As vertical resolution increases, wave forcing in the tropical lower stratosphere increases and seasonal synchronization is disrupted, allowing quasi-biennial periodicity to emerge. Seasonal synchronization could result from the form of wave dissipation assumed in the gravity wave parameterization, which allows downward influence by semiannual oscillation (SAO) winds, whereas dissipation of resolved waves is consistent with radiative damping and no downward influence. Parameterized wave drag is nevertheless required to generate a realistic QBO, effectively acting to amplify the relatively weaker mean-flow forcing by resolved waves.
The East Australian Current and Property Transport at 27°S from 2012 to 2013
Authors: Sloyan Bernadette M. , Ridgway Ken R. , Cowley Rebecca 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe East Australian Current (EAC) is the complex and highly energetic poleward western boundary current of the South Pacific Ocean. A full-depth current meter and property (temperature and salinity) mooring array was deployed from the continental shelf to the abyssal waters off Brisbane Australia (27°S) for 18 months from April 2012 to August 2013. The EAC mooring array is an essential component of the Australian Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS). During this period the EAC was coherent with an eddy kinetic to mean kinetic energy ratio of less than 1. The 18-month, mean, poleward-only mass transport above 2000 m is 22.1 ± 7.5 Sverdrups (Sv; 1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1). The mean, poleward-only heat transport and flow-weighted temperature above 2000 m are −1.35 ± 0.42 PW and 15.33°C, respectively. A difference in the poleward-only and net poleward mass and heat transports above 2000 m of 6.3 Sv and 0.24 PW reflects the presence of an equatorward EAC retroflection at the eastern (offshore) end of the mooring array. A complex empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of the along-slope velocity anomalies finds that the first two modes explain 72.1% of the velocity variance. Mode 1 is dominant at periods of approximately 60 days, and mode 2 is dominant at periods of 120 days. These dominant periods agree with previous studies in the Tasman Sea south of 27°S and suggest that variability of the EAC in the Tasman Sea may be linked to variability north of 27°S.
Individual Responses to a Barefoot Running Program
Authors: Tam Nicholas , Tucker Ross , Astephen Wilson Janie L. 
Published: January 2016

Background: Barefoot running is of popular interest because of its alleged benefits for runners, including reduced injury risk and increased economy of running. There is a dearth in understanding whether all runners can gain the proposed benefits of barefoot running and how barefoot running may affect long-term injury risk. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine whether runners can achieve the proposed favorable kinematic changes and reduction in loading rate after a progressive training program that included barefoot running. It was hypothesized that not all individuals would experience a decrease in initial loading rate facilitated by increased ankle plantar flexion after a progressive barefoot running program; it was further hypothesized that relationships exist between changes in initial loading rate and sagittal ankle angle. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: A total of 26 habitually shod runners completed an 8-week, progressively introduced barefoot running program. Pre- and postintervention barefoot and shod kinematics, electromyography, and ground-reaction force data of the lower limb were collected. Ankle and knee kinematics and kinetics, initial loading rates, spatiotemporal variables, muscle activity during preactivation, and ground contact were assessed in both conditions before and after the intervention. Individual responses were analyzed by separating runners into nonresponders, negative responders, and positive responders based on no change, increase, and decrease in barefoot initial loading rate, respectively. Results: No biomechanical changes were found in the group after the intervention. However, condition differences did persist during both preactivation and ground contact. The positive-responder group had greater plantar flexion, increased biceps femoris and gluteus medius preactivation, and decreased rectus femoris muscle activity between testing periods. The negative responders landed in greater barefoot dorsiflexion after the intervention, and the nonresponders did not change. An overall change in ankle flexion angle was associated with a change in initial loading rate ( r2 = 0.345, P = .002) in the barefoot but not shod condition. Conclusion: Eight weeks of progressive barefoot running did not change overall group biomechanics, but subgroups of responders (25% of the entire group) were identified who had specific changes that reduced the initial loading rate. It appears that changes in initial loading rate are explained by changes in ankle flexion angle at initial ground contact. Clinical Relevance: Uninstructed barefoot running training does not reduce initial loading rate in all runners transitioning from shod to barefoot conditions. Some factors have been identified that may assist sports medicine professionals in the evaluation and management of runners at risk of injury. Conscious instruction to runners may be required for them to acquire habitual barefoot running characteristics and to reduce risk of injury.
Assessment of Noninvasive Regional Brain Oximetry in Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome and Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome
Authors: Chung David Y. , Claassen Jan , Agarwal Sachin , Schmidt J. Michael , Mayer Stephan A. 
Published: January 2016

Background: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) leads to small- and large-vessel circulatory dysfunction. While aggressive lowering of elevated blood pressure is the usual treatment for PRES, excessive blood pressure reduction may lead to ischemia or infarction, particularly when PRES is accompanied by reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). Regional cerebral oximetry using near-infrared spectroscopy is a noninvasive modality that is commonly used intraoperatively and in intensive care settings to monitor regional cerebral oxygenation (rSO2) and may be useful in guiding treatment in select cases of PRES and RCVS. Results: We report a case of a patient with PRES complicated by infarction and RCVS where the optimal blood pressure management was unclear. A decision was made to decrease blood pressure which resulted in an improved neurological examination and increase in rSO2 from 40% to 55% in at-risk brain. Infarcted brain as determined by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography perfusion imaging showed no change in rSO2 during the same time period. Furthermore, there was a qualitative change in the rSO2–mean arterial pressure (MAP) relationship, suggesting an alteration in cerebrovascular autoregulation as a result of lowering blood pressure. Conclusions: Regional cerebral oximetry can provide valuable diagnostic feedback in complicated cases of PRES and RCVS.
Occurrence and impact of domestic violence and abuse in gay and bisexual men: A cross sectional survey
Authors: Bacchus LJ , Buller AM , Ferrari G , Peters TJ , Devries K , Sethi G , White J , Hester M , Feder GS 
Published: January 2016

Summary This cross-sectional survey measured adult experience and perpetration of negative and potentially abusive behaviours with partners and its associations with mental and sexual health problems, drug and alcohol abuse in gay and bisexual men attending a UK sexual health service. Of 532 men, 33.9% (95% CI: 29.4-37.9) experienced and 16.3% (95% CI: 13.0-19.8) reported carrying out negative behaviour. Ever being frightened of a partner (aOR 2.5; 95% CI: 2.0–3.1) and having to ask a partner’s permission (aOR 2.7; 95% CI: 1.6–4.7) were associated with increased odds of being anxious. There were increased odds of cannabis use in the last 12 months amongst men who reported ever being physically hurt (aOR 2.4; 95% CI: 1.7–3.6). Being frightened (aOR 2.2; 95% CI: 1.5–3.2), being physically hurt (aOR 2.3; 95% CI: 1.4–3.8), being forced to have sex (aOR 2.5; 95% CI: 1.3–4.9) and experiencing negative behaviour in the last 12 months (aOR 1.7; 95% CI: 1.2–2.5) were associated with increased odds of using a Class A drugs in the last 12 months. Sexual health practitioners should be trained with regards to the risk indicators associated with domestic violence and abuse, how to ask about domestic violence and abuse and refer to support.
What an I Doing Here?
Authors: O'Neill Nicky , Pavlicevic Mercédès 
Published: January 2016

This paper draws upon a dissertation for a Master of Music Therapy undertaken at the Nordoff-Robbins Music Therapy Centre, London. Music therapy is not currently an established part of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) care for paediatric patients in Britain and consequently little research has emerged in this area of clinical work in the UK. This study explores the psychosocial needs of children and their families during BMT, and demonstrates how music-centred co-improvisatory music therapy can address these needs. It is written from the point of view of the therapist. Drawing from interviews with patients, families and staff who have experience of music therapy within the area of BMT, and clinical vignettes from the first author's music therapy practice1, this paper highlights four areas of psychosocial needs that music therapy can address: a sense of agency, pleasure, cultural identity and normality. Each of these is discussed in relation to both the child and the family. The study suggests that the use of a music-centred, co-improvisatory approach to music therapy appears to be especially flexible in meeting and supporting the variety of psychosocial needs experienced by both children undergoing a bone marrow transplantation and their families.
The Whole is Greater Than the Sum of its Parts: Experiences of Co-Working as Music Therapists
Authors: Fearn Mary-Clare , O'Connor Rebecca 
Published: January 2016

This paper describes the experiences of two music therapists who have been working together for ten years and the benefits of this partnership. It shows how working practices and therapeutic processes have evolved over a decade. It demonstrates that working as a team over this length of time resulted in significant improvements to the therapy given to children with special needs aged between 2 and 18 and also to the support offered to their parents. The various topics covered include the development of a co-therapy assessment procedure, group psychodynamic music therapy for children with special needs, sessions for children and their parents, the significance of counter-transference and the importance of supervision.
Exploring the Link between Music Therapy and Sensory Integration: An Individual Case Study
Authors: Hooper Jeff , McManus Angela , McIntyre Alison 
Published: January 2016

The paper begins by introducing Joan – the subject of the case study. A description of Joan's music therapy gives a glimpse of a session in which the primary focus is on how Joan responds to various physical challenges. The paper examines the therapeutic significance of this response by looking at sensory integration, sensory integrative dysfunction and Sensory Integration (SI) theory. The paper considers the link between music therapy and sensory integration before concluding with a description and evaluation of a multi-disciplinary programme developed to meet Joan's sensory needs.
In Search of a Theory
Authors: Wetherick Donald 
Published: January 2016

This paper is a version of a talk originally given at the 3rd International Symposium of Nordoff Robbins Music Therapists in 2006. It is a personal account of my own development as a music therapist over more than 15 years working with children and adults. It describes how I became interested in psychodynamic music therapy and how my understanding of the relationship between music therapy and psychodynamic theory has changed over that time. The paper also relates my own ideas to those of other music therapy writers over the past 15 years, in particular Ansdell (1995), Pavlicevic (1996) and Streeter (1999). It is not intended as a full critique of these writers, and moreover some other relevant texts (e.g. Aigen 2005 and Malloch and Trevarthen 2009) are not referred to in depth. It does, however, present a preliminary model of the possible relationships between improvisational music therapy in general (as practised in the UK) and psychoanalytic psychotherapy, and in particular the relationship between musical interaction in music therapy and psychodynamic theory.
The Music Therapy Interactions of One Session with a Physically Disabled Boy
Authors: Steele Pamela , Leese Kate 
Published: January 2016

This paper looks in detail at the events of one individual music therapy session with a physically disabled boy aged seven years. In the context of his case history and his music therapy sessions up to that point, it describes the content and quality of therapist/child musical contact as it changes over the three sections of the session. Musical notation illustrates key passages. Aspects of the development of the physically disabled child are considered and related to the vision the child gives to the music therapist of his predicament. Musical events are conceived of as expressing and as having potential for resolving the child's difficulties in relating to a key figure, and to the environment they share.
Measurement Problems in Applied Music Therapy Research
Authors: Adams Malcolm 
Published: January 2016

This paper concentrates on so-called ‘applied research’ — that is the primary interest is in evaluating the effects of music therapy on our clients. The discussion is not about research on theoretical issues and processes of music therapy — although clearly these are important — but is more concerned with the ‘naive’ question, ‘Does it work?’ The aim is to provide a brief, conceptual analysis of what we mean by this question and look at some of the problems that are encountered in trying to answer it. In particular the focus is on some of the problems of measuring response to music therapy. This will be examined in the context of questions of experimental design, although clearly not all aspects of designing and interpreting experiments can be covered in one paper. Especial consideration will be given to how failure to solve some of the measurement problems can invalidate the conclusions drawn from experiments.
A Case Study: Lara
Authors: Agrotou Anthi 
Published: January 2016

This paper is an abbreviated version of a longer study concerning the first fourteen music therapy sessions with a ten-year old girl displaying autistic tendencies. The reason for the girl's referral for music therapy — and the main area of work during the sessions — was to help her in her difficulties in initiating, responding and maintaining an interactional activity wherein she could communicate her needs and desires. The paper discusses how the girl's own spontaneous organisation of sound into bursts and pauses — with a longer general cessation marking her time of non-engagement —facilitated the evolution of an interactional musical relationship with the therapist within which she spontaneously communicated her affective experiences.
Music Therapy in Education
Authors: Wilson Sandra 
Published: January 2016

This paper discusses the connection between music and the cognitive processes. It refers to learning experiences for children with learning difficulties with special reference to observational and perceptual abilities, interactive processes and memory stimulation. In this context the paper discusses how music can influence and even precipitate awareness. The paper also discusses the importance of a therapeutic learning environment and the influence of music as a sometimes essential aspect of this environment. It distinguishes between music education and music therapy and points out the relevance of music therapy as an established part of the curriculum in the appropriate setting. The ideas set out here have been borne out by the writer's work at a treatment centre for children with multiple problems in Toronto, Canada. The primary classroom in this centre incorporates a daily ritual of music. It is at these times that the children's attention is centred. Appendix A provides a summary of three clinical examples. Appendix B provides a list of the areas in an educational setting that would be enhanced by music therapy.
‘Kinesis und Katharsis’
Authors: Mereni Anthony-Ekemezie 
Published: January 2016

This paper falls into three broad sections, the first two being published in this issue, the third in the Autumn issue of the BJMT. The first section attempts, through a brief introduction to the African philosophy of music and musical instruments, to explore the reasons behind the therapeutic powers attributed to music. The second section, which opens with an introductory discussion of the traditional African causal theory of ailments, discusses the relevance of the different uses of music in almost all traditional medical interventions in African society. The last section is an attempt to draw up an evaluative paradigm of some traditional music therapeutic practices and techniques in the light of modern music therapy. Several traditional music therapy practices are mentioned, but, overall, the paper does not have an anthropological bias. This paper is a partial report of current research into African traditional music therapy. The author's specific motive in undertaking such research is to present what is deemed valid and effective for consideration and/or integration in modern music therapy methodology and practice.
Cell cycle of primitive hematopoietic progenitors decelerated in senescent mice is reactively accelerated after 2-Gy whole-body irradiation
Authors: Hirabayashi Yoko , Tsuboi Isao , Kuramoto Kazunao , Kusunoki Yoichiro , Inoue Tohru 
Published: January 2016

Aging is considered to be a functional retardation of continuous xenobiotic responses over a lifetime after the developmental period; thus, the effects of ionizing radiation over a lifetime may be somewhat accounted for by a modifier of aging effects. This study was conducted to evaluate the possible/synergic effects of radiation during aging by determining cell-cycle parameters of hematopoietic stem cells/hematopoietic progenitor cells (HSCs/HPCs), such as the percent of cells in cycling, the generation doubling time, and the cumulative cycling-cell fraction, by bromodeoxyuridine-ultraviolet assay, which enables the determination of their cycling capacity in vivo. Colony-forming progenitor cells, such as colony-forming unit (CFU)-granulocyte/macrophage (GM), CFU in the spleen on day 9 (CFU-S9), and CFU-S on day 13 (CFU-S13) for mature, less mature, and immature HPCs, respectively, were evaluated in young and old mice (6 weeks and 21 months of age, respectively) with or without 2-Gy whole-body irradiation and a 4-week recovery period. Then, cell-cycle parameters were evaluated and compared. As a result, the generation doubling time of all types of HPC was prolonged by the irradiation in both young and old mouse groups, except that of CFU-S13 in old mice, which showed acceleration of the cell cycle following the irradiation. In addition, only CFU-S13 in irradiated old mice showed a significant increase in the cumulative cycling-cell-fraction ratio. Significant changes due to the effects of aging and irradiation on HPCs were observed only in the immature HPCs, i.e., the cell cycle of immature HPCs was suppressed by aging without irradiation and was, in contrast, accelerated as the cells recovered from radiation-induced damage. This suggests that the mechanisms of peripheral blood recovery after 2-Gy whole-body irradiation are markedly different between young and old mice, although 21-month-old mice showed almost the same level of recovery as the young mice.
Preparation and evaluation of reduction-responsive nano-micelles for miriplatin delivery
Authors: Zhang Ying , Hu Dejian , Han Shangcong , Yan Guowen , Ma Chao , Wei Chen , Yu Miao , Li Dongmei , Sun Yong 
Published: January 2016

A reduction-responsive amphiphilic core-shell micelle for miriplatin delivery was prepared and evaluated. A pyrene-terminated poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl acrylate) was synthesized through reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization with 4-cyano-4-(ethylthiocarbonothioylthio) pentanoic acid as reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer reagent and further modified by 2,2′-dithiodiethanol and 1-pyrenebutyric acid. Self-assembled blank micelles and drug-loaded micelles were obtained by dialysis method, and the particle size was proved to be about 40 nm with narrow dispersity by dynamic laser light scattering. Morphology results showed that blank micelles and drug-loaded micelles were spherical nanoparticles confirmed by transmission electron microscope, and the critical micelle concentration was as low as 6.09 µg/mL via pyrene fluorescence probe method. The reductive sensitivity of disulfide bond in BMs was further verified by changes in particle size, pyrene fluorescence intensity ratio (I338/I333), and morphology after treatment by dithiothreitol. Moreover, drug release rate in vitro of drug-loaded micelles was evaluated and the results suggested that this amphiphilic pyrene-modified poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl acrylate) can be used as reduction-triggered controlled release drug delivery carrier for hydrophobic drug.