bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERfect Day: reversible and dose‐dependent control of circadian time‐keeping in the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus by translational switching of PERIOD2 protein expression
Authors: McManus David , Patton Andrew P. , Smyllie Nicola J. , Chin Jason W. , Hastings Michael H. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe biological clock of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) orchestrates circadian (approximately daily) rhythms of behaviour and physiology that underpin health. SCN cell‐autonomous time‐keeping revolves around a transcriptional/translational feedback loop (TTFL) within which PERIOD (PER1,2) and CRYPTOCHROME (CRY1,2) proteins heterodimerise and suppress trans‐activation of their encoding genes (Per1,2; Cry1,2). To explore its contribution to SCN time‐keeping, we used adeno‐associated virus–mediated translational switching to express PER2 (tsPER2) in organotypic SCN slices carrying bioluminescent TTFL circadian reporters. Translational switching requires provision of the non‐canonical amino acid, alkyne lysine (AlkK), for protein expression. Correspondingly, AlkK, but not vehicle, induced constitutive expression of tsPER2 in SCN neurons and reversibly and dose‐dependently suppressed pPer1‐driven transcription in PER‐deficient (Per1,2‐null) SCN, illustrating the potency of PER2 in negative regulation within the TTFL. Constitutive expression of tsPER2, however, failed to initiate circadian oscillations in arrhythmic PER‐deficient SCN. In rhythmic, PER‐competent SCN, AlkK dose‐dependently reduced the amplitude of PER2‐reported oscillations as inhibition by tsPER2 progressively damped the TTFL. tsPER2 also dose‐dependently lengthened the period of the SCN TTFL and neuronal calcium rhythms. Following wash‐out of AlkK to remove tsPER2, the SCN regained TTFL amplitude and period. Furthermore, SCN retained their pre‐washout phase: the removal of tsPER2 did not phase‐shift the TTFL. Given that constitutive tsCRY1 can regulate TTFL amplitude and period, but also reset TTFL phase and initiate rhythms in CRY‐deficient SCN, these results reveal overlapping and distinct properties of PER2 and CRY1 within the SCN, and emphasise the utility of translational switching to explore the functions of circadian proteins.
Artificial intelligence in applied family research involving families with young children: A scoping review
Authors: Lee Joyce Y. , Ahn Eunhye , Xu Amy , Yang Yuanyuan , Chang Yujeong , Cha Hunmin , Ammari Tawfiq 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis scoping review systematically examined the applied family science literature involving families raising young children to understand how relevant studies have applied artificial intelligence (AI)‐facilitated technologies.BackgroundFamily research is exploring the application of AI. However, there is a critical need for a review study that systematically examines the varied use of AI in applied family science to inform family practitioners and policymakers.MethodComprehensive literature searches were conducted in nine databases. Of the 10,022 studies identified, 21 met inclusion criteria: peer‐reviewed journal article; published between 2014–2024; written in English; involved the use of AI in collecting data, analyzing data, or providing family‐centered services; included families raising young children 0–5 years; and was quantitative in analysis.ResultsMost studies focused on maternal and child health outcomes in low‐ and middle‐income countries. All studies identified were in the AI use domain of data analysis, with 76% of the studies having a focus on identifying the most important predictors. Random forest performed as the best machine learning model. Only one study directly mentioned the ethical use of AI.ConclusionOverall, the applied family science evidence base that employs AI is limited in size and scope, with most studies using AI for data analysis purposes with limited ethical considerations.ImplicationsAI models in applied family science can inform family services and policies aimed at promoting family and child health. However, thoughtful consideration of AI ethics and fairness is needed to prevent the negative social impacts of AI on marginalized groups of families and their young children.
Macroinvertebrate, algal and diatom assemblages respond differently to both drying and wetting transitions in non‐perennial streams
Authors: Busch Michelle H. , Boersma Kate S. , Cook Stephen C. , Jones C. Nathan , Loflen Chad , Mazor Raphael D. , Stancheva Rosalina , Price Adam N. , Stubbington Rachel , Zimmer Margaret A. , Allen Daniel C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Biological assemblages in streams are influenced by hydrological dynamics, particularly in non‐perennial systems. Although there has been increasing attention on how drying impacts stream organisms, few studies have investigated how specific characteristics of drying and subsequent wetting transitions influence biotic responses via resistance and resilience traits.

Here, we characterized how hydrologic metrics, including those quantifying drying and wetting transitions as well as dry and wet phases, alter diversity and composition of three aquatic assemblages in non‐perennial streams in southern California: benthic macroinvertebrates, soft‐bodied algae and diatoms.

We found that flow duration prior to sampling was correlated with variation in macroinvertebrate and soft‐bodied algal assemblage composition. The composition and richness of diatom assemblages, however, were predominantly influenced by the drying start date prior to sampling. Contrary to other studies, the duration of the dry phase prior to sampling did not influence the composition or richness of any assemblage. Although our study was conducted within a region in which each assemblage experienced comparable environmental conditions, we found no single hydrologic metric that influenced all assemblages in the same way.

The hot‐summer Mediterranean climate of southern California likely acts as a strong environmental filter, with taxa in this region relying on resistance and resilience adaptations to survive and recolonize non‐perennial streams following wetting. The different responses of algal and diatom assemblages to hydrologic metrics suggest greater resilience to drying and wetting events, particularly for primary producers.

As drying and wetting patterns continue to change, understanding biodiversity responses to hydrologic metrics could inform management actions that enhance the ecological resilience of communities in non‐perennial streams. In particular, the creation and enhancement of flow regimes in which natural timing and duration of dry and wet phases sustain refuges that support community persistence in a changing environment.
Optimization of tribocatalytic performance by modifying the concentration of oxygen vacancies in KSr2Nb4TaO15 ceramics
Authors: Lin Shirong , Meng Yingzhi , Pan Changbing , Yuan Zhi , Ou Luanhai , Ke Shanjun , Hu Changzheng , Lei Xiuyun , Liu Laijun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn recent years, catalytic degradation driven by mechanical‐energy tribocatalysis has gained much attention. Point defects play very important on the catalytic activity of ferroelectric oxides. In this study, we focus on the influence of oxygen vacancies on the catalyst performance of ferroelectric oxide KSr2Nb4TaO15 (KSNT) with a tetragonal tungsten bronze structure. The concentration of oxygen vacancies is modified by sintering atmosphere. The KSNT sintered in N2 atmosphere exhibits the best tribocatalytic degradation efficiency of 96.7% within 2 h for degradation rhodamine B due to high concentration of oxygen vacancies. The excellent degradation efficiency is attributed to the defect energy level of KSNT and high electron–hole separation efficiency. This work reveals the relationship between oxygen vacancies and tribocatalysis efficiency, which is helpful to design and modify the new ferroelectric oxides for tribocatalysis.
Slurry material extrusion of chopped carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide ceramic matrix composites (CMCs)
Authors: Cox Kyle R. , Marconie Tess D. , Barger Raina A. Shreiner , Motwani Karan M. , Youngblood Jeffrey P. , Trice Rodney W. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSilicon carbide (SiC) is a useful high temperature ceramic due to its excellent mechanical properties and oxidation resistance. In this study, monolithic SiC and chopped carbon fiber reinforced (Cf)/SiC ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) were additively manufactured via direct ink writing (DIW). Samples employing five different print paths were prepared from SiC and 10 vol.% Cf/SiC inks. All parts were pressurelessly sintered, with relative densities of 96% measured for samples prepared from both inks. Electron and optical microscopy were used to show a high degree of fiber alignment parallel to the direction of the print. Thus, CMC architectures consistent with the print paths were created when printing the 10 vol.% Cf/SiC inks. Characteristic flexure strengths for monolithic SiC and 10 vol.% Cf/SiC CMC samples were the same for the 0° print path, measuring 360–375 MPa. Fiber pullout was observed on the fracture surface of the 10 vol.% Cf/SiC CMCs. The Weibull modulus for the 10 vol.% Cf/SiC CMC samples (10.7) was greater than the monolithic SiC samples (7.4); the trend of fibers narrowing the distribution of failure strengths was consistent for the other print paths investigated.
What Will the Delivery Robots Bring Us Tomorrow?
Authors: Kaiser Ronja , De Benedetto Surya , Planing Patrick , Müller Patrick 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAutonomous delivery robots offer a promising solution to the challenges of last mile logistics, a crucial topic in times of increasing logistics volume, environmental concern, and ongoing urbanization. This study investigates the acceptance of such robots in various application scenarios for last mile delivery in Germany. A first, quantitative, study investigating the overall acceptance of autonomous delivery robots for the primary predominant usage scenarios of meal and package delivery tested an adapted technology acceptance model via a structural equation model. A second, qualitative, study was conducted to better understand possible future use cases for these robots included semistandardized interviews with 14 individuals and employed a qualitative content structuring analysis method for data analysis. The results of Study 1 confirm that performance expectancy and effort expectancy influence the acceptance of delivery robots, with performance expectancy and behavioral intention being significantly higher for the package than for meal deliveries. However, in both cases, the average intention to use these robots only slightly exceeded the scale mean. Study 2 reveals that autonomous delivery robots are perceived as more convenient than existing alternatives in grocery and pharmaceutical delivery and return processing. The further application of emergency situations, such as illness or the risk of infection, also emerged from the data; even respondents who generally reject the idea of such robots would still use them in such exceptional situations. These results should be considered in the further development of autonomous delivery robot systems.
Research in advances in the bioactivity of plant polyphenols
Authors: Ji Wenmin , Chen Feng , Chen Zhiqiang , Jiang Hua 
Published: September 2024

SummaryPlant polyphenols are the secondary metabolites of plants, with a wide variety of types and diverse structures. At present, many phenolic compounds and their derivatives have been isolated and identified from nature. Common plant polyphenolic compounds have a polyhydroxyl structure, most of which are found in the plants seen in daily life, and most of them have poor water solubility. Due to the existence of polyhydroxyl structure, most plant polyphenols have strong biological activities such as antioxidant, anti‐bacterial and anti‐inflammatory, anti‐cancer, regulation of blood glucose and blood lipid, and anti‐obesity, which are of great research value and broad application prospects. In addition, plant polyphenols have been widely used in food and have become a trendy research topic. Therefore, in this paper, the classifications of plant polyphenols, current status of their bioactivity research and their application in food were analysed, providing reference value for the research and utilisation of plant polyphenols.
National Implementation of a Crisis Resolution Home Treatment (CRHT) Team in Malta: Insights From the First Two Years of Operation
Authors: Sammut Francesca , Calleja Doreen , Abela Manwel , Grech Giovanni 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTCrisis Resolution Home Treatment (CRHT) teams have become a widespread alternative to psychiatric hospitalisation. Despite their popularisation, Malta has only recently introduced a CRHT team. The aims of the current study were to investigate (i) patient characteristics, (ii) factors influencing patients' length of follow‐up (LoFU) and (iii) predictors of clinical outcomes. Descriptive and quantitative non‐identifiable data were collected and analysed for patients utilising the CRHT service within its first 2 years of operation (n = 643). One‐way ANOVA tests investigated influencing factors for LoFU, whereas binary logistic regressions deduced predictive factors for clinical outcomes. Patients without acute psychiatric disorders had the shortest LoFU, indicating that the team received inappropriate referrals. Patients were most likely to have extended LoFU if they were diagnosed with OCD & related disorders and were most likely to be diagnosed with an underlying personality disorder if they were diagnosed with anxiety & phobic disorders. Continuity of care facilitates discharge planning. Patients receiving the CRHT service in Malta are most comparable with health systems that prefer to hospitalise patients with a higher risk profile. The high occurrence of personality disorders necessitates staff to have interdisciplinary knowledge and an appropriate skill mix.
Understanding Network Meta‐Analysis: A Practical Introduction for Nurses
Authors: Sharifnia Amir Masoud , Biros Erik , Cleary Michelle 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimsThis paper examines network meta‐analysis (NMA) as a methodological advancement in nursing research and discusses considerations for interpreting and applying NMA results in clinical practice.Design and MethodsMethodological discussion.ResultsThe NMA method simultaneously evaluates multiple interventions by combining direct and indirect evidence. The publication of NMA articles in nursing journals has been increasing. However, interpreting NMA results can be complex and challenging. In this paper, we outline the prerequisites and assumptions of NMA, provide a graphical representation, discuss effect estimation and quality of evidence and give an overview of applying NMA results in clinical practice.ConclusionNMA is a valuable analytical approach in nursing research that can provide high‐level evidence to guide clinical decision‐making. Accurate interpretation of NMA findings is necessary to inform clinical practice. This paper serves as an introduction to NMA for nurses unfamiliar with the approach.Implications for the ProfessionNMA is a powerful statistical technique for assessing the relative effectiveness of different nursing interventions and informing evidence‐based nursing guidelines. When interpreting the results, nurses should consider the certainty of evidence and the practical value of the results and be cautious of misleading conclusions.ImpactNMA is a recent analytical method in nursing research. This practical introduction seeks to enhance comprehension of NMA and the interpretation and application of NMA findings in clinical practice. NMA is a robust statistical technique to assess the relative effectiveness of various nursing interventions.Reporting MethodIn the methodological discussion guide, no new data was generated. A hypothetical dataset was used.Patient or Public ContributionThis methodological paper contributes to understanding NMA and interpreting its results, integrating it into clinical practice, and improving patient outcomes.
Insights From the Supreme Court Decisions: Undesirable Consequences After Minimally Invasive Cosmetic Interventions in Türkiye
Authors: Yıldırım Mahmut Şerif , Koç Yıldırım Sema 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundWith the increasing demand for cosmetic procedures in recent years, the implementation of some of these procedures by unauthorized persons has led to undesirable results and subsequently to the creation of a large number of case files.AimsIn this study, it is aimed to retrospectively evaluate the decision texts of the Turkish Supreme Court regarding minimally invasive cosmetic dermatology procedures and to evaluate the reasons and results of the applications reaching the high court in these procedures.MethodsThe Supreme Court's decisions in cases filed due to undesirable consequences caused by minimally invasive cosmetic interventions were scanned using the Supreme Court of Appeals' online database from 2013 to 2023.ResultsThe majority of the procedures addressed by the lawsuits are carried out in beauty salons; laser epilation is the procedure that is conducted most frequently, and burns are the most prevalent complication (87.8%, 85.7%, and 77.6%, respectively). As an adverse event, 94.7% (n = 36) of burns occurred in beauty centers. Thirteen (26.5%) of the cases in our analysis were carried out by an unauthorized person. When laser epilation and other procedures are considered as two separate categories, in applications due to adverse events of laser epilation, 28 (66.7%) cases were concluded in favor of the defendant.ConclusionsComplications, especially burns, that occur after laser epilation performed by unauthorized persons in beauty salons constitute a serious caseload, and there seems to be a need for better control mechanisms to reduce this burden.
Exploring Individual's Dynamic of Appraisal of Situational Aggression Average Score, Nursing Intervention and the Impact on Aggression
Authors: Simmons Melanie , Maguire Tessa , Daffern Michael 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe Dynamic Appraisal of Situational Aggression (DASA) is used to appraise risk of imminent aggression in inpatient mental health settings.AimWe investigated whether individual patients' mean DASA scores over multiple consecutive time periods (a rolling DASA mean) improved predictive validity, beyond the ultimate DASA rating, and whether DASA ratings were associated with nursing intervention.MethodArchival data were analysed using cox regression analyses. We investigated the predictive validity of rolling DASA mean models and calculated how many daily DASA ratings generated a mean score with the best model fit. Chi‐Squares with Odds Ratios were used to examine the effect of various aggression prevention intervention(s) on aggression means.ResultsDaily DASA ratings had strong predictive validity. Incorporating the ultimate score with the rolling 10‐day DASA mean slightly improved prediction. Limit setting was associated with an increased likelihood of aggression for low‐risk patients whereas reassurance was associated with increased aggressiveness for those at increased risk of aggression.DiscussionDaily DASA ratings have strong predictive validity. Considering a 10‐day rolling DASA mean in addition to the current day DASA rating may improve prediction.Implications for PracticeDASA ratings can forecast imminent aggression. Additionally, there may be value in considering ratings from the previous 10 days.
Addressing Medication Administration Safety Through Simulation: A Quasi‐Experimental Study Among Nursing Students
Authors: Shor Vlada , Kimhi Einat , Avraham Rinat 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTHealthcare institutions are dedicated to minimizing medication errors and promoting their reporting. This study investigates the impact of simulation on nursing students' attitudes toward and intention to report medication errors. A quasi‐experimental one‐group pre–post–test study was conducted. Third‐year nursing students (N = 63) participated in a scenario‐based simulation for medication administration. Participants' errors were documented. Participants self‐reported attitudes toward medication administration safety and intention to report errors. The most reported error was “contraindicated in disease” (61%). The simulation increased attitudes of preparedness by the training program received (p < 0.01) and belief in the patient's involvement in preventing errors (p < 0.01), and decreased the belief that professional incompetence reveals errors (p = 0.015). Intention to report errors was influenced by medication error training received (p = 0.045), confidence in error reporting (p < 0.001), and a sense of responsibility to disclose errors (p = 0.001). Simulation effectively shapes attitudes and intentions regarding medication error reporting. Improving nursing students' awareness, skills, and clinical judgment can foster a safety culture and potentially reduce patient harm. Future research should examine the long‐term effects of simulation and its impact on reducing medication errors.
The Effect of Simulation‐Based Training on the Hand Hygiene Knowledge and Practices of Palliative Caregivers: A Double‐Blind, Randomized, Controlled Single‐Center Study
Authors: Yalcin Atar Nurdan , Koc Murat 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to investigate the effect of simulation‐based training on hand hygiene knowledge and practices among palliative caregivers. The study was conducted with 60 caregivers in a palliative care clinic between December 2022 and September 2023. The participants were divided into two groups by simple randomization. The intervention and control groups received the same hand hygiene theoretical education and demonstration. The intervention group also received additional simulation‐based hand hygiene practices recommended by the World Health Organization. A pretest‐posttest design was used to assess hand hygiene knowledge and practices. Data were collected with personal information, hand hygiene knowledge, and hand hygiene practice forms. Analysis of covariance was performed to compare posttest scores between the groups. Simulation‐based hand hygiene training programs offer an effective and feasible strategy to improve the hand hygiene knowledge and practices of caregivers. It should be integrated into clinical areas to increase palliative caregivers' hand hygiene knowledge and practices. Evidence‐based practices can be improved by increasing randomized controlled studies on the effectiveness of simulation‐based hand hygiene training for caregivers.Trial Registration: The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with registration number NCT05848596.