bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standing in the gap: ref lections on translating the Jung‐Neumann correspondence
Authors: McCartney Heather 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis paper considers the experience of translating the correspondence between C.G. Jung and Erich Neumann as part of the Philemon series. The translator explores the similarities between analytical work and the task of translation by means of the concepts of the dialectical third and the interactional field. The history and politics of the translation of analytic writing and their consequences for thelingua francaof analysis are discussed. Key themes within the correspondence are outlined, including Jung and Neumann's pre‐war exploration of Judaism and the unconscious, the post‐war difficulties around the publication of Neumann'sDepth Psychology and a New Ethicset against the early years of the C.G. Jung Institute in Zurich, and the development of the correspondents’ relationship over time.
Stimulating Participation and Learning in Microbiology: Presence and Identification of Bacteria from Student's Hands
Authors: Antunes Patrícia 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe proposed in the Basic Microbiology Subject for food science and nutrition students, a “hands‐on” activity consisting on sampling student's hands for bacterial presence and identification. This is a project to be implemented in multiple laboratory classes throughout the semester, allowing students to learn, and apply general microbiology techniques in mixed or isolated cultures obtained from their own samples in parallel with those from the laboratory collection proposed in the microbiology syllabus (as aseptic technique, hands sampling, streaking for single‐colony isolation, culture medium analysis, bacterial morphology, and biochemical study, employ of dichotomous keys) This activity will allow them to understand the association between humans and microorganisms, to recognize the importance of personal hygiene (for example, hand‐washing), and to know how hands can be an important vehicle for bacterial spreading in surrounding environments (for example, kitchen, health‐care setting). The fact that the isolates for practical work were not only from laboratory collections, but also from the personal student's hands, keeps them interested in discover and study their own bacteria to know their main characteristics and the potential importance to human health, through spread of hazardous isolates. This project also potentially contributed for student's development of other skills such as autonomy and teamwork, planning and write, communication, and debate.
Evaluation of Mastoid Process as Sex Indicator in Modern White Americans using Geometric Morphometrics
Authors: Jung Hyunwoo , Woo Eun Jin 
Published: March 2016

AbstractConventional methods for evaluating the mastoid as a sex indicator cannot determine whether mastoid shape is an independent and reliable sex indicator. Here, shape differences between the mastoids of 100 male and 100 female modern white Americans were statistically analyzed and visualized using the geometric morphometric method. Discriminant analysis was performed on mastoid size and shape. The relation between size and shape was analyzed to examine the effect of size on shape. In the results, mastoid size and shape were statistically significant sex indicators, while size factor explained 87.3% of the total variance of the shape variables. Nevertheless, females had relatively broader and shorter mastoid shape than males regardless of size, reflecting 12.7% of the total variance of the shape variables. In conclusion, mastoid size and shape were statistically significant sex indicators, while size may matter more in the mastoid than in other cranial parts in terms of sexual dimorphism.
A high‐fat diet combined with food deprivation increases food seeking and the expression of candidate biomarkers of addiction
Authors: Pérez‐Ortiz José Manuel , Galiana‐Simal Adrian , Salas Elisabet , González‐Martín Carmen , García‐Rojo Marcial , Alguacil Luis F. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA mouse model has been developed to study the effect of dietary fat combined with food deprivation periods on palatable food seeking and on the expression of three potential addiction biomarkers in the nucleus accumbens: fumarate hydratase (FH), ATP synthase subunit alpha (ATP5a1) and transketolase (TKT). Forty C57BL/6 J male mice, four‐week old, were fed either with a high‐fat (HF) diet or standard diet along the experiment. After 3 weeks of differential feeding, animals underwent a two‐week training period of two daily sessions where visual cues were paired either to palatable food (chocolate cereals) or no food at all. This training was prolonged one more week with similar, one daily sessions preceded by 12 hours of food deprivation. A behavioural test was finally conducted where mice were confined for 30 minutes either in food unpaired compartments or in compartments previously paired with cereals, but now with empty food trays. Total activity during this behavioural test and serum corticosterone levels right after it were similar in all experimental groups. Mice tested in food‐paired compartments showed a marked preference for the empty food tray that gradually disappeared in standard diet‐fed individuals but persisted in HF‐fed mice. HF‐fed mice also overexpressed FH, ATP5a1 and TKT, which positively correlated with the persistence of preference for the empty food tray. It is suggested that HF diets combined with food deprivation may enhance food seeking behaviours while upregulating FH/ATP5a1/TKT, which are further envisaged as biomarkers of addiction.
Trail‐following behaviour and biological aspects of the gregarious caterpillar Brassolis sophorae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
Authors: Ambrogi Bianca G , Pinto‐Zevallos Delia M , Leite Jessica C , Sousa‐Souto Leandro , Queiroz Abel F O , Moreira Sinara Maria 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBrassolis sophorae (Linnaeus), the coconut palm caterpillar, is a pest in the Northeast region of Brazil. Despite its great importance, information about the biology and behaviour of this insect is scarce. B. sophorae caterpillars are gregarious, and they remain in a nest during the daytime and only come out at dusk to feed. When caterpillars leave the nest to forage, they lay down a trail of silk that leads the group to the feeding site. In spite of this, there is no scientific evidence showing whether trail‐following behaviour in B. sophorae caterpillars is mediated by silk‐associated chemical cues. This gregarious behaviour has probably hampered biological studies of this species. We determined biological parameters (number of instars and development time of each instar) of the larvae and conducted behavioural assays to assess whether trail‐following behaviour of B. sophorae is mediated by chemical (silk extract) or physical (solvent‐washed silk) cues, or a combination of both. Measurements of the head capsule width showed that B. sophorae larvae pass through six instars in an average period of 12 days per instar. Dual‐choice tests in a Y‐shaped arena showed that the larvae significantly preferred to walk on a silk‐covered surface over a clean one and on a silk extract over hexane alone. When caterpillars were given the choice of walking on silk or on solvent‐washed silk, they did not show a preference for either treatment. These results demonstrate the presence of pheromonal compounds in the silk of B. sophorae although the communication between caterpillars of B. sophorae is also mediated by physical cues. The results of this study broaden knowledge on the trail‐following behaviour of immature larvae as well as the biology, morphology and behaviour of this insect.
Acceptability and suitability of Tuta absoluta eggs from irradiated parents to parasitism by Trichogramma nerudai and Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)
Authors: Cagnotti Cynthia L. , Hernández Carmen M. , Andormo Andrea V. , Viscarret Mariana , Riquelme María , Botto Eduardo N. , López Silvia N. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the most devastating pests of tomato crops. We studied the acceptability and suitability of eggs laid by irradiated T. absoluta pairs to parasitism by the parasitoids Trichogramma nerudai and Trichogramma pretiosum.
Trichogramma absoluta pupae were irradiated with X‐radiation (20834 R) and the emerged adults were separated into couples according to the crosses: ♂U × ♀U, ♂I × ♀U, ♂U × ♀I (where ‘U’ is untreated and ‘I’ is irradiated). In a no‐choice experiment, 40 eggs from each cross were exposed to a female parasitoid for 24 h.
All T. absoluta eggs were accepted for oviposition by T. nerudai and were suitable for its development. However, eggs from irradiated females were significantly less parasitized than those from untreated females. Trichogramma pretiosum showed low parasitism on eggs from all crosses. In a choice experiment, both T. nerudai and T. pretiosum showed no differences in the parasitism of eggs from irradiated (n = 40) and non‐irradiated female moths (n = 40).
These results indicate that eggs laid by irradiated parents were acceptable for oviposition and suitable for the development of these parasitoids, and also support the idea that the inherited sterility technique could be used in an integrated approach with egg parasitoids to control T. absoluta.
Opioid overdose and naloxone education in a substance use disorder treatment program
Authors: Lott David C. , Rhodes Jonathan 
Published: March 2016

Background and ObjectivesOpioid users in treatment are at high risk of relapse and overdose, making them an important target for efforts to reduce opioid overdose mortality. Overdose Education (OE) is one such intervention, and this study tests the effectiveness of OE in a community substance use disorder treatment program.MethodsOpioid users were recruited from a community treatment center for the study. The Opioid Overdose Knowledge Scale (OOKS) was administered before and after an educational intervention (small group lecture, slideshow, and handout based on previously published content) to assess knowledge of the risks, signs, and actions associated with opioid overdose, including use of naloxone. Additional survey questions assessed naloxone access, naloxone education, and overdose experiences at treatment and 3‐month follow‐up. Subjects (n = 43) were 28% female and had a mean age of 31 years. OOKS scores were compared at pre‐intervention, post‐intervention, and follow‐up, and results were also compared with a historical non‐intervention control group (n = 14).ResultsTotal score on the OOKS increased significantly from pre‐ to post‐education, and improvement was maintained at follow‐up (p < .0001). OOKS subdomains of actions and naloxone use also had significant increases (p < .0001). Four subjects reported possessing naloxone in the past, and only one subject who did not already have naloxone at the time of treatment had obtained it at follow‐up.Conclusions and Scientific SignificanceEducation about opioid overdose and naloxone use in a community treatment program increases overdose knowledge, providing support for the idea of making OE a routine part of substance use disorder treatment. However, the rate of follow through on accessing naloxone was low with this education‐only intervention. (Am J Addict 2016;25:221–226)
Tea tree oil gel for mild to moderate acne; a 12 week uncontrolled, open‐label phase II pilot study
Authors: Malhi Harsimran Kaur , Tu Jenny , Riley Thomas V , Kumarasinghe Sujith Prasad , Hammer Katherine A 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe efficacy, tolerability and acceptability of a tea tree oil gel (200 mg/g) and face wash (7 mg/g) were evaluated for the treatment of mild to moderate facial acne.MethodsIn this open‐label, uncontrolled phase II pilot study, participants applied tea tree oil products to the face twice daily for 12 weeks and were assessed after 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Efficacy was determined from total numbers of facial acne lesions and the investigator global assessment (IGA) score. Tolerability was evaluated by the frequency of adverse events and the mean tolerability score determined at each visit. Product acceptability was assessed via a questionnaire at the end of the study period.ResultsAltogether 18 participants were enrolled, of whom 14 completed the study. Mean total lesion counts were 23.7 at baseline, 17.2 at 4, 15.1 at 8 and 10.7 at 12 weeks. Total lesion counts differed significantly over time by repeated measures anova (P < 0.0001). The mean IGA score was 2.4 at baseline, 2.2 at 4, 2.0 at 8 and 1.9 at 12 weeks, which also differed significantly over time (P = 0.0094). No serious adverse events occurred and minor local tolerability events were limited to peeling, dryness and scaling, all of which resolved without intervention.ConclusionThis study shows that the use of the tea tree oil products significantly improved mild to moderate acne and that the products were well tolerated.
Using telemedicine in the care of newborn infants after discharge from a neonatal intensive care unit reduced the need of hospital visits
Authors: Robinson Charlotta , Gund Anna , Sjöqvist Bengt‐Arne , Bry Kristina 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAimThis study examined the use of telemedicine as a means to follow up infants discharged from a Swedish neonatal intensive care unit to home health care.MethodsFamilies were randomised to either a control group receiving standard home health care (n = 42 families) or a telemedicine group receiving home health care with telemedicine support (n = 47 families) after discharge from the hospital. Both groups had follow‐up hospital appointments with the neonatal nurse. In the telemedicine group, appointments were supplemented by the use of a specially designed web page and video calls.ResultsThe use of the web page and video calls decreased the number of emergency visits to the hospital (p = 0.047). In the telemedicine group, 26% of the families felt they had more scheduled appointments than necessary, whereas only 6% of the families in the control group thought so (p = 0.037). The parents were highly satisfied with the use of telemedicine. Although the nurses were favourable to using telemedicine, the rigid organisation of the home healthcare programme and the nurses’ schedules and work routines prevented its optimal use.ConclusionThe use of telemedicine decreased the need of hospital visits. Organisational adaptations would be necessary to make the best use of telemedicine.
Independent risk factors of 30‐day outcomes in 1264 patients with peptic ulcer bleeding in the USA: large ulcers do worse
Authors: Camus M. , Jensen D. M. , Kovacs T. O. , Jensen M. E. , Markovic D. , Gornbein J. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryBackgroundPredictors of worse outcomes (rebleeding, surgery and death) of peptic ulcer bleeds (PUBs) are essential indicators because of significant morbidity and mortality rates of PUBs. However those have been infrequently reported since changes in medical therapy (PPI, proton pump inhibitors) and application of newer endoscopic haemostatic technique.AimsTo determine: (i) independent risk factors for 30‐day rebleeding, surgery, and death and (ii) whether ulcer size is an independent predictor of major outcomes in patients with severe PUB after successful endoscopic haemostasis and treatment with optimal medical (high dose IV PPI) vs. prior treatment (high dose IV histamine 2 antagonists – H2RAs).MethodsA large prospectively followed population of patients hospitalised with severe PUBs between 1993 and 2011 at two US tertiary care academic medical centres, stratified by stigmata of recent haemorrhage (SRH) was studied. Using multivariable logistic regression analyses, independent risk factors for each outcome (rebleeding, surgery and death) up to 30 days were analysed. Effects for medical treatment (H2RA patients 1993–2005 vs. PPIs 2006–2011) were also analysed.ResultsA total of 1264 patients were included. For ulcers ≥10 mm, the odds of 30‐day rebleeding increased 6% per each 10% increase in ulcer size (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02–1.10, P = 0.0053). Other risk factors for 30‐day rebleeding were major SRH, in‐patient start of bleeding, and prior GI bleeding. Major SRH and ulcer size≥10 mm were predictors of 30‐day surgery. Risk factors for 30‐day death were major SRH, in‐patient bleeding, and any initial platelet transfusion or fresh frozen plasma transfusion ≥2 units. Among patients with major SRH and out‐patient start of bleeding, larger ulcer size was also a risk factor for death (OR 1.08 per 10% increase in ulcer size, 95% CI 1.02–1.14, P = 0.0095). Ulcer size was a significant independent variable for both time periods.ConclusionsUlcer size is a risk factor for worse outcomes after PUB and should be carefully recorded at initial endoscopy to improve patient triage and management.
Carnosic Acid‐combined Arsenic Trioxide Antileukaemia Cells in the Establishment of NB4/SCID Mouse Model
Authors: Hao Li , Ran Wang , Xiang‐xin Li , Lu‐Qun Wang , Xiao‐ning Yu 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDespite great improvement in the treatment outcome of APL, treatment failure still sometimes occurs due to the toxicity of arsenic trioxide (ATO). Damage to the heart and liver often occurs even when the dose is lower than the therapeutic dose. Based on the results of cell experiments in vitro in this study, we investigated the synergistic activity of carnosic acid (CA) combined with ATO in the SCID mouse model of human promyelocytic leukaemia in vivo. A NB4/SCID mouse model was established in this study. The NB4/SCID mice were randomly divided into three treatment groups (CA alone, ATO alone and CA combined with ATO) and a control group based on factorial design. The evaluation indicators of the curative effect of the drugs included expressions of cleaved caspase‐3, PTEN, p27 gene mRNA and proteins by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. The survival time was compared between the four groups. The results indicated that verification of the NB4/SCID mouse model was confirmed by histopathological examination. Compared with mice treated by CA or ATO alone, the mice in the combination of CA and ATO group had a higher rate of apoptosis, which was linked with expressions of cleaved caspase‐3, PTEN, p27 gene mRNA and proteins. Also, the mice with the longest survival time were those treated with the combination of CA and ATO. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that CA and ATO in combination have strong synergistic antileukaemic effects on cell activity.
HESX1 mutations in patients with congenital hypopituitarism: variable phenotypes with the same genotype
Authors: Fang Qing , Benedetti Anna Flavia Figueredo , Ma Qianyi , Gregory Louise , Li Jun Z. , Dattani Mehul , Sadeghi‐Nejad Abdollah , Arnhold Ivo J.P. , Mendonca Berenice Bilharinho , Camper Sally A. , Carvalho Luciani R. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryIntroductionMutations in the transcription factor HESX1 can cause isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) or combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) with or without septo‐optic dysplasia (SOD). So far there is no clear genotype–phenotype correlation.Patients and ResultsWe report four different recessive loss‐of‐function mutations in three unrelated families with CPHD and no midline defects or SOD. A homozygous p.R160C mutation was found by Sanger sequencing in two siblings from a consanguineous family. These patients presented with ACTH, TSH and GH deficiencies, severe anterior pituitary hypoplasia (APH) or pituitary aplasia (PA) and normal posterior pituitary. The p.R160C mutation was previously reported in a case with SOD, CPHD and ectopic posterior pituitary (EPP). Using exome sequencing, a homozygous p.I26T mutation was found in a Brazilian patient born to consanguineous parents. This patient had evolving CPHD, normal ACTH, APH and normal posterior pituitary (NPP). A previously reported patient homozygous for p.I26T had evolving CPHD and EPP. Finally, we identified compound heterozygous mutations in HESX1, p.[R159W];[R160H], in a patient with PA and CPHD. We showed that both of these mutations abrogate the ability of HESX1 to repress PROP1‐mediated transcriptional activation. A patient homozygous for p.R160H was previously reported in a patient with CPHD, EPP, APH.ConclusionThese three examples demonstrate that HESX1 mutations cause variable clinical features in patients, which suggests an influence of modifier genes or environmental factors on the phenotype.
The type of loose seton for complex anal fistula is essential to improve perianal comfort and quality of life
Authors: Kristo I. , Stift A. , Staud C. , Kainz A. , Bachleitner‐Hofmann T. , Chitsabesan P. , Riss S. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAimThe use of a loose seton for complex anal fistulae can cause perianal discomfort and reduced quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the novel knot‐free Comfort Drain on quality of life, perianal comfort and faecal continence compared to conventional loose setons.MethodForty‐four patients treated for complex anal fistula at a single institution between July 2013 and September 2014 were included in the study. A matched‐pair analysis was performed to compare patients with a knot‐free Comfort Drain and controls who were managed by conventional knotted setons. The 12‐item Short Form survey (SF‐12) questionnaire was used to assess quality of life. Additionally, patients reported perianal comfort and faecal incontinence using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the St Mark's Incontinence Score.ResultsThe Comfort Drain was associated with improved quality of life with significant higher median physical (P = 0.001) and mental (P = 0.04) health scores compared with a conventional loose seton. According to the VAS, patients with a Comfort Drain in situ reported greater perianal comfort with significantly less burning sensation (P < 0.001) and pruritus (P < 0.001). Faecal continence was similar in each group.ConclusionThe Comfort Drain offers improved perianal comfort and better quality of life compared with a conventional loose seton and therefore facilitates long‐term therapy in patients with complex fistula‐in‐ano.
Analysis on CO2 Emissions Transferred from Developed Economies to China through Trade
Authors: Zhang Wencheng , Peng Shuijun 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBased on a global input–output model, this paper investigates the CO2 emission transfer between China and developed economies through trade. The results show that approximately 15–23 percent of China's production‐based emissions during 1995–2009 were induced by the production of goods and services satisfying final demand in developed economies. Decomposition of emission transfers shows that trade of intermediate products played a significant role in emission transfer from developed economies to China. Most developed economies have consumption‐based emission responsibilities that are higher than their production‐based responsibilities, whereas China's consumption‐based responsibility is significantly lower than its production‐based responsibility. We argue that a fair and efficient carbon accounting approach should take CO emission transfers from developed economies to developing economies into consideration. It is important that China and its developed trade partners cooperate in reducing emission transfers.