bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical evaluation of simulated feline patellar fracture repairs
Authors: Langley-Hobbs Sorrel , Tarlton John , Longley Mark 
Published: January 2017

SummaryObjective: To investigate four techniques for stabilization of feline patellar fracture.Methods: Feline cadaveric stifles with simulated patellar fracture were stabilized with one of four techniques: Group A - circumferential wire, group B - figure-of-eight wire, group C - combined figure-of-eight and circumferential wire, group D - pin and tension band wire. All repairs were subjected to a period of cyclic loading prior to load to failure testing. Experiments were recorded by video capture to determine load at failure and failure mode. Failure was defined as an opening of the fracture gap of 3 mm.Results: Mean fracture gap opening (±SD) during peak loading after 1000 cycles was: group A with 1.66 mm (± 0.69), group B with 1.01 mm (± 0.45), group C with 0.81 mm (± 0.58), and group D with 0.65 mm (± 0.54). Groups C and D had significantly lower mean fracture gap opening after 1000 cycles when compared to group A (p <0.05). Mean loads (± SD) at failure were: group A with 171.4 N (± 62.2), group B with 208.7 N (± 20.7), group C with 288.2 N (± 62.5), and group D with 219.5 N (± 48.0). Group C had significantly higher mean load to failure than all other groups (p <0.05). There was no difference between other groups. In groups A, B and C the principle mode of failure was wire elongation and tearing of sutures through the retinaculae and periarticular soft tissues. In group D, the principle mode of failure was the pin pulling through the bone of the distal fragment.Conclusions: Combined figure-of-eight and circumferential wires may be useful for treatment of transverse feline patellar fracture.
Ex vivo torsional properties of a 2.5 mm veterinary interlocking nail system in canine femurs
Authors: Macedo Aline , Runciman John , Gibson Tom , Minto Bruno , Moens Noel 
Published: January 2017

SummaryObjective: To evaluate the torsional properties of the Targon® Vet Nail System (TVS) in small canine femurs and to compare these properties to those of the 2.4 mm LC-DCP® plates.Methods: Thirty-six cadaveric femurs were allocated to three groups (n = 12). In all bones, points just distal to the lesser trochanter and just proximal to the fabellae were marked and a midshaft transverse osteotomy was performed. Group 1: bones were fixed with the 2.5 mm TVS with the bolts applied at the pre-identified marks. Group 2: A TVS system with 25% shorter inter-bolt distance was used. Group 3: A 7-hole 2.4 mm LCDCP® plates were applied. All constructs were tested non-destructively for 10 cycles, followed by an acute torsion to failure.Results: Torque at yield was 0.806 ± 0.183 and 0.805 ± 0.093 Nm for groups 1 and 2 and 1.737 ± 0.461 Nm for group 3. Stiffness was 0.05 ± 0.01, 0.05 ± 0.007, and 0.14 ± 0.015 Nm/° for groups 1 to 3 respectively. Maximal angular displacement under cyclic loading was 16.6° ± 2.5°, 15.6° ± 2.1°, and 7.8° ± 1.06° respectively. There was no significant difference for any of the parameters between groups 1 and 2. Both torque at yield and stiffness were significantly greater between group 3 and groups 1 and 2.Clinical significance: The TVS had approximately half the torsional strength and approximately 1/3 of the stiffness of the 2.4 mm bone plate. Slippage of the locking mechanism was probably the cause of the early failure. The system should be considered as a low-strength and low-stiffness system when compared to bone plates.
STAR FORMATION IN THE CLUSTER MERGER DLSCL J0916.2+2953
Authors: Mansheim A. S. , Lemaux B. C. , Dawson W. A. , Lubin L. M. , Wittman D. , Schmidt S. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
We investigate star formation in DLSCL J0916.2+2953, a dissociative merger of two clusters at z = 0.53 that has progressed

Gyr since the first pass-through. We attempt to reveal the effects a collision may have had on the evolution of the cluster galaxies by tracing their star formation history. We probe current and recent activity to identify a possible star formation event at the time of the merger, using EW(

), EW(

), and

measured from the composite spectra of 64 cluster and 153 coeval field galaxies. We supplement Keck DEep Imaging Multi-Object Spectrograph spectra with DLS and Hubble Space Telescope imaging, to determine the color, stellar mass, and morphology of each galaxy. We also conduct a comprehensive study of the populations in this complex structure. Spectral results indicate the average cluster and cluster red sequence galaxies experienced no enhanced star formation relative to the surrounding field during the merger, ruling out a predominantly merger-quenched population. We find that the average blue galaxy in the North cluster is currently active, and that the South cluster is currently post-starburst, having undergone a recent star formation event. Although the North activity could be latent or long-term merger effects, a young blue stellar population and irregular geometry suggest the cluster was still forming prior the collision. Even though the South activity coincides with the time of the merger, the blue early-type population could be a result of secular cluster processes. The evidence suggests that the dearth or surfeit of activity is indiscernible from normal cluster galaxy evolution.
GALAXY EVOLUTION AT HIGH REDSHIFT: OBSCURED STAR FORMATION, GRB RATES, COSMIC REIONIZATION, AND MISSING SATELLITES
Authors: Lapi A. , Mancuso C. , Celotti A. , Danese L. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
We provide a holistic view of galaxy evolution at high redshifts z ≳ 4, which incorporates the constraints from various astrophysical/cosmological probes, including the estimate of the cosmic star formation rate (SFR) density from UV/IR surveys and long gamma-ray burst (GRBs) rates, the cosmic reionization history following the latest Planck measurements, and the missing satellites issue. We achieve this goal in a model-independent way by exploiting the SFR functions derived by Mancuso et al. on the basis of an educated extrapolation of the latest UV/far-IR data from HST/Herschel, and already tested against a number of independent observables. Our SFR functions integrated down to a UV magnitude limit M
UV ≲ −13 (or SFR limit around 10−2
M
⊙ yr−1) produce a cosmic SFR density in excellent agreement with recent determinations from IR surveys and, taking into account a metallicity ceiling Z ≲ Z
⊙/2, with the estimates from long GRB rates. They also yield a cosmic reionization history consistent with that implied by the recent measurements of the Planck mission of the electron scattering optical depth τ
es ≈ 0.058; remarkably, this result is obtained under a conceivable assumption regarding the average value f
esc ≈ 0.1 of the escape fraction for ionizing photons. We demonstrate via the abundance-matching technique that the above constraints concurrently imply galaxy formation becoming inefficient within dark matter halos of mass below a few 108
M
⊙; pleasingly, such a limit is also required so as not to run into the missing satellites issue. Finally, we predict a downturn of the Galaxy luminosity function faintward of M
UV ≲ −12, and stress that its detailed shape, to be plausibly probed in the near future by the JWST, will be extremely informative on the astrophysics of galaxy formation in small halos, or even on the microscopic nature of the dark matter.
HOW BRIGHT ARE PLANET-INDUCED SPIRAL ARMS IN SCATTERED LIGHT?
Authors: Dong Ruobing 董若冰 , Fung Jeffrey 馮澤之 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Recently, high angular resolution imaging instruments such as SPHERE and GPI have discovered many spiral-arm-like features in near-infrared scattered-light images of protoplanetary disks. Theory and simulations have suggested that these arms are most likely excited by planets forming in the disks; however, a quantitative relation between the arm-to-disk brightness contrast and planet mass is still missing. Using 3D hydrodynamics and radiative transfer simulations, we examine the morphology and contrast of planet-induced arms in disks. We find a power-law relation for the face-on arm contrast (δ
max) as a function of planet mass (

) and disk aspect ratio (h/r):

. With current observational capabilities, at a 30 au separation, the minimum planet mass for driving detectable arms in a disk around a 1 Myr, 1

star at 140 pc at low inclinations is around Saturn mass. For planets more massive than Neptune masses, they typically drive multiple arms. Therefore, in observed disks with spirals, it is unlikely that each spiral arm originates from a different planet. We also find that only massive perturbers with at least multi-Jupiter masses are capable of driving bright arms with

as found in SAO 206462, MWC 758, and LkHα 330, and these arms do not follow linear wave propagation theory. Additionally, we find that the morphology and contrast of the primary and secondary arms are largely unaffected by a modest level of viscosity with

. Finally, the contrast of the arms in the SAO 206462 disk suggests that the perturber SAO 206462 b at ∼100 au is about

in mass.
SPHERICALLY SYMMETRIC, COLD COLLAPSE: THE EXACT SOLUTIONS AND A COMPARISON WITH SELF-SIMILAR SOLUTIONS
Authors: Coughlin Eric R. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
We present the exact solutions for the collapse of a spherically symmetric cold (i.e., pressureless) cloud under its own self-gravity, valid for arbitrary initial density profiles and not restricted to the realm of self-similarity. These solutions exhibit a number of remarkable features, including the self-consistent formation of and subsequent accretion onto a central point mass. A number of specific examples are provided, and we show that Penston’s solution of pressureless self-similar collapse is recovered for polytropic density profiles; importantly, however, we demonstrate that the time over which this solution holds is fleetingly short, implying that much of the collapse proceeds non-self-similarly. We show that our solutions can naturally incorporate turbulent pressure support, and we investigate the evolution of overdensities—potentially generated by such turbulence—as the collapse proceeds. Finally, we analyze the evolution of the angular velocity and magnetic fields in the limit that their dynamical influence is small, and we recover exact solutions for these quantities. Our results may provide important constraints on numerical models that attempt to elucidate the details of protostellar collapse when the initial conditions are far less idealized.
GEOMETRIC CORROBORATION OF THE EARLIEST LENSED GALAXY AT z ≃ 10.8 FROM ROBUST FREE-FORM MODELLING
Authors: Chan Brian M. Y. , Broadhurst Tom , Lim Jeremy , Diego Jose M. , Zitrin Adi , Coe Dan , Ford Holland C. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
A multiply lensed galaxy, MACS0647-JD, with a probable photometric redshift of

is claimed to constitute one of the very earliest known galaxies, formed well before reionization was completed. However, spectral evidence that MACS0647-JD lies at high redshift has proven infeasible and so here we seek an independent-lensing-based “geometric redshift” derived from the angles between the three lensed images of MACS0647-JD, using our free-form mass model (WSLAP+) for the lensing cluster MACSJ0647.7+7015 (at z = 0.591). Our lens model uses the nine sets of multiple images, including those of MACS0647-JD, identified by the CLASH survey toward this cluster. We convincingly exclude the low-redshift regime of z < 3, for which convoluted critical curves are generated by our method, as the solution bends to accommodate the wide angles of MACS0647-JD for this low redshift. Instead, a best fit to all sets of lensed galaxy positions and redshifts provides a geometric redshift of

for MACS0647-JD, strongly supporting the higher photometric redshift solution. Importantly, we find a tight linear relation between the relative brightnesses of all nine sets of multiply lensed images and their relative magnifications as predicted by our model. This agreement provides a benchmark for the quality of the lens model, and establishes the robustness of our free-form lensing method for measuring model-independent geometric source distances and for deriving objective central cluster mass distributions. After correcting for its magnification the luminosity of MACS0647-JD remains relatively high at M
UV = −19.4, which is within a factor of a few in flux of some surprisingly luminous z ≃ 10–11 candidates discovered recently in Hubble blank field surveys.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA E MICROBIOLÓGICA DE BROWNIE DE CHOCOLATE UTILIZANDO-SE INGREDIENTES DIETÉTICOS, LIGHT E NÃO DIETÉTICOS
Authors: Orsine Joice Vinhal Costa , Martins Lorena Fernandes , Lima Karine Kristie Borges 
Published: January 2017

Este trabalho teve como objetivo testar ingredientes dietéticos e não dietéticos em duas formulações diferentes de brownie de chocolate, analisando suas características microbiológicas e físico-químicas. Foram desenvolvidas duas formulações, uma padrão e a segunda a partir da substituição de ingredientes usuais por ingredientes diet ou light. Inicialmente foi aplicado um teste sensorial de simples diferença, com o objetivo de verificar se existe diferença perceptível entre as duas amostras. Foram utilizados 30 provadores não treinados, e não foi observada diferença significativa entre as amostras testadas. Foram ainda realizadas análises físico-químicas e microbiológicas nos brownies. Não foram detectadas a presença de E. coli, B. cereus, Estafilococcus coagulase positiva e Salmonella, além do que os as boas praticas de higiene durante o preparo dos brownies foram efetivas pra evitar qualquer tipo de contaminação por bolores e leveduras e coliformes a 35ºC e 45ºC. Por meio das análises físico-químicas, observou-se que os brownies da formulação A (padrão) apresentaram maiores valores nos índices carboidratos, açúcares totais e açúcar não redutores em sacarose, e menores teores de proteínas, sódio, colesterol e lipídeos que a formulação B (utilização de ingredientes diet e light). Dessa forma, não foi possível obter um brownie de chocolate na formulação B enquadrado como um alimento para fins especiais.
Michel Crozier et la revue Sociologie du travail
Authors: Rot Gwenaële , Borzeix Anni 
Published: January 2017

Cet article vise à interroger les liens entre Michel Crozier, le fondateur d’un laboratoire qui a longtemps « fait école » (le Centre de sociologie des organisations – CSO), et la revue Sociologie du travail , qu’il a fondée en 1959 avec trois autres chercheurs (Jean-Daniel Reynaud, Alain Touraine, Jean-René Tréanton). À partir de l’exploitation d’un fonds inédit d’archives écrites et orales, nous montrons quel a été le rôle de Michel Crozier dans la création de cette revue et son orientation éditoriale. Nous avons cherché à identifier sa « marque » lorsqu’il était « aux commandes » mais aussi après son départ en 1966. Cependant chercher à caractériser les liens entre un chercheur et la tradition de recherche qu’il incarne dans la sociologie française, un laboratoire, et une revue sur une période longue relève de la gageure car le temps des hommes et celui de leur vie professionnelle n’est pas celui des organisations.
Les vertus silencieuses du management de la ligne 14
Authors: Dunant Mathieu 
Published: January 2017

Pendant les grèves du métro parisien, les médias disent souvent que « La ligne 14 n’est pas en grève, puisqu’elle est automatique ! » La vraie raison n’est pas celle-là ! Elle tient aux valeurs discrètes du management mis en œuvre pour animer les 300 agents qui en assurent le bon fonctionnement.
Generation of dynamic capabilities through the qualification of suppliers: analysis of good practices
Authors: Fernández Valero Gonzalo , De Pablos Heredero Carmen , Blanco Callejo Miguel 
Published: January 2017

The sustainable value system innovates with suppliers and the qualification of suppliers is a process that can warranty the firm’s efficiency. In this research a methodology to certify providers from the social responsibility according to a sustainable value system is provided. The putting into practice of the methodology implies entrepreneurial engagement. Bearing into mind that corporate sustainability requires of a business focus that creates value in the long term (Dow Jones Sustainability Index, 2014), firms must make the best of opportunities to manage suppliers in all concerning to the risks derived from the economic, environmental and social evolution.
In this article it is shown how different dynamic capabilities (detection, coordination, innovation, absorption, business intelligence, learning and communication) involved in the processes of the qualification of providers can improve the firm’s excellence and help them better managing the risks coming from suppliers.
Cutting Edge: NANOG Activates Autophagy under Hypoxic Stress by Binding to BNIP3L Promoter
Authors: Hasmim Meriem , Janji Bassam , Khaled Mehdi , Noman Muhammad Zaeem , Louache Fawzia , Bordereaux Didier , Abderamane Abdou , Baud Veronique , Mami-Chouaib Fathia , Chouaib Salem 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Hypoxia upregulates the core pluripotency factors NANOG, SOX2, and OCT4, associated with tumor aggressiveness and resistance to conventional anticancer treatments. We have previously reported that hypoxia-induced NANOG contributed in vitro to tumor cell resistance to autologous-specific CTL and in vivo to the in situ recruitment of immune-suppressive cells. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying NANOG-mediated tumor cell resistance to specific lysis under hypoxia. We demonstrated the tumor-promoting effect of hypoxia on tumor initiation into immunodeficient mice using human non–small lung carcinoma cells. We next showed a link between NANOG and autophagy activation under hypoxia because inhibition of NANOG decreased autophagy in tumor cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays revealed a direct binding of NANOG to a transcriptionally active site in a BNIP3L enhancer sequence. These data establish a new link between the pluripotency factor NANOG and autophagy involved in resistance to CTL under hypoxia.
MAFB Determines Human Macrophage Anti-Inflammatory Polarization: Relevance for the Pathogenic Mechanisms Operating in Multicentric Carpotarsal Osteolysis
Authors: Cuevas Víctor D. , Anta Laura , Samaniego Rafael , Orta-Zavalza Emmanuel , Vladimir de la Rosa Juan , Baujat Geneviève , Domínguez-Soto Ángeles , Sánchez-Mateos Paloma , Escribese María M. , Castrillo Antonio , Cormier-Daire Valérie , Vega Miguel A. , Corbí Ángel L. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Macrophage phenotypic and functional heterogeneity derives from tissue-specific transcriptional signatures shaped by the local microenvironment. Most studies addressing the molecular basis for macrophage heterogeneity have focused on murine cells, whereas the factors controlling the functional specialization of human macrophages are less known. M-CSF drives the generation of human monocyte-derived macrophages with a potent anti-inflammatory activity upon stimulation. We now report that knockdown of MAFB impairs the acquisition of the anti-inflammatory profile of human macrophages, identify the MAFB-dependent gene signature in human macrophages and illustrate the coexpression of MAFB and MAFB-target genes in CD163+ tissue-resident and tumor-associated macrophages. The contribution of MAFB to the homeostatic/anti-inflammatory macrophage profile is further supported by the skewed polarization of monocyte-derived macrophages from multicentric carpotarsal osteolysis (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man #166300), a pathology caused by mutations in the MAFB gene. Our results demonstrate that MAFB critically determines the acquisition of the anti-inflammatory transcriptional and functional profiles of human macrophages.
Solution of Boundary Value Problems Using Dual Reciprocity Boundary Element Method
Authors: Zakerdoost Hassan , Ghassemi Hassan , Iranmanesh Mehdi 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this work we utilize the boundary integral equation and the Dual Reciprocity Boundary Element Method (DRBEM) for the solution of the steady state convection-diffusion-reaction equations with variable convective coefficients in two-dimension. The DRBEM is a numerical method to transform the domain integrals into the boundary only integrals by using the fundamental solution of Helmholtz equation. Some examples are calculated to confirm the accuracy of the approach. The results obtained by the analytic solutions are in good agreement with ones provided by the DRBEM technique.
Numerical Solution of the Coupled System of Nonlinear Fractional Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Zhou Xiaojun , Xu Chuanju 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the numerical method that is proposed and analyzed in [J. Cao and C. Xu, J. Comput. Phys., 238 (2013), pp. 154–168] for the fractional ordinary differential equations. It is based on the so-called block-by-block approach, which is a common method for the integral equations. We extend the technique to solve the nonlinear system of fractional ordinary differential equations (FODEs) and present a general technique to construct high order schemes for the numerical solution of the nonlinear coupled system of fractional ordinary differential equations (FODEs). By using the present method, we are able to construct a high order schema for nonlinear system of FODEs of the orderα,α>0. The stability and convergence of the schema is rigorously established. Under the smoothness assumptionf,g∈C4[0,T], we prove that the numerical solution converges to the exact solution with order 3+αfor 0<α≤1 and order 4 forα>1. Some numerical examples are provided to confirm the theoretical claims.
Cosine Radial Basis Function Neural Networks for Solving Fractional Differential Equations
Authors: Qu Haidong 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we first apply cosine radial basis function neural networks to solve the fractional differential equations with initial value problems or boundary value problems. In the examples, we successfully obtained the numerical solutions for the fractional Riccati equations and fractional Langevin equations. The computer graphics and numerical solutions show that this method is very effective.
A Mortar Method Using Nonconforming and Mixed Finite Elements for the Coupled Stokes-Darcy Model
Authors: Huang Peiqi , Chen Jinru , Cai Mingchao 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this work, we study numerical methods for a coupled fluid-porous media flow model. The model consists of Stokes equations and Darcy's equations in two neighboring subdomains, coupling together through certain interface conditions. The weak form for the coupled model is of saddle point type. A mortar finite element method is proposed to approximate the weak form of the coupled problem. In our method, nonconforming Crouzeix-Raviart elements are applied in the fluid subdomain and the lowest order Raviart-Thomas elements are applied in the porous media subdomain; Meshes in different subdomains are allowed to be nonmatching on the common interface; Interface conditions are weakly imposed via adding constraint in the definition of the finite element space. The well-posedness of the discrete problem and the optimal error estimate for the proposed method are established. Numerical experiments are also given to confirm the theoretical results.