bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The symptom trajectories to clinical remission in Chinese patients with unipolar major depressive disorder
Authors: Cao Yuping , Shen Jingjin , Li Wen , Zhang Yu , Guo Xiaoyun , Li Chiang‐shan , Zhang Yalin , Luo Xingguang 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThere is little understanding of how unipolar major depressive disorder (UMDD) symptoms evolve in response to antidepressant treatment. The present research examined the associations between symptom trajectories and clinical remission in Chinese patients with UMDD. A total of 165 outpatients with UMDD received treatment of fluoxetine (20 mg/day) for 6 weeks and were assessed for symptom severity at weeks 1, 2, 4, and 6. We found that patients with UMDD show heterogeneity in treatment response to fluoxetine. Psychomotor retardation is a prominent symptom during the 6 weeks of assessment, and its severity at baseline is negatively associated with clinical remission.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of multiple doses of BG00010, a neurotrophic factor with anti‐hyperalgesic effects, in patients with sciatica
Authors: Okkerse Pieter , Hay Justin L. , Versage Eve , Tang Yongqiang , Galluppi Gerald , Ravina Bernard , Verma Ajay , Williams Leslie , Aycardi Ernesto , Groeneveld Geert Jan 
Published: March 2016

AIMSBG00010 is a protein in the glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family. It is a selective ligand for the GDNF family receptor alpha‐3 (GFRα3) co‐receptor that normalizes cellular changes resulting from damage or disease, and potentially alleviates neuropathic pain. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the pharmacokinetic and safety profiles and to determine the effects on pain of ascending doses of intravenous injections of BG00010 in patients with sciatica.MethodsThis was a randomized, blinded, placebo‐controlled multiple‐dose study in subjects with sciatica. In Part I (16 patients), four IV dose levels were examined (50, 150, 400, 800 μg kg−1) and in Part II (12 patients), three dose levels were examined (400, 600 and 1200 μg kg−1). Safety and efficacy assessments were used as endpoints.ResultsThe BG00010 concentration–time data indicated relatively low inter‐patient variability and there was a dose‐dependent (not dose‐proportional) increase in serum exposure from 150 to 1200 μg kg−1. The effective half‐life was between 40 and 60 h. The most frequently occurring adverse events (AEs) reported by patients receiving BG00010 were headache (67–83%), feeling hot (50–100%), and pruritus (42–67%). Most AEs were mild; no serious AEs or AEs leading to discontinuation occurred. Higher dose regimens of BG00010 resulted in greater pain reduction than placebo or lower dose regimens, although a clear dose–response relationship was not seen.ConclusionsThe pharmacokinetic profile of BG00010 was characterized by low intra‐patient variability. These data from a small sample suggest that BG00010 may have a benefit for patients with sciatica.
Extracellular matrix proteins matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM‐1) and correlations with clinical staging in euthymic bipolar disorder
Authors: Reininghaus Eva Z , Lackner Nina , Birner Armin , Bengesser Susanne , Fellendorf Frederike T , Platzer Martina , Rieger Alexandra , Queissner Robert , Kainzbauer Nora , Reininghaus Bernd , McIntyre Roger S , Mangge Harald , Zelzer Sieglinde , Fuchs Dietmar , Dejonge Silvia , Müller Norbert 
Published: March 2016

ObjectivesMatrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM‐1) are both involved in the restructuring of connective tissues. Evidence also implicates MMP9 and sICAM in cardiovascular and neoplastic diseases, where blood levels may be a marker of disease severity or prognosis. In individuals with bipolar disorder (BD), higher risk for cardiovascular illness has been extensively reported.MethodsThe aim of this investigation was to measure and compare peripheral levels of serum MMP9 and sICAM in adults with euthymic BD and healthy controls (HC). Furthermore, we focussed on correlations with illness severity and metabolic parameters.ResultsMMP9 levels among the BD sample (n = 112) were significantly higher than among the HC (n = 80) (MMP9: F = 9.885, p = 0.002, η2 = 0.058) after controlling for confounding factors. Patients with BD in a later, progressive stage of disease showed significantly higher MMP9 as well as sICAM‐1 levels compared to patients with BD in an earlier stage of disease (MMP9: F = 5.8, p = 0.018, η2 = 0.054; sICAM‐1: F = 5.6, p = 0.020, η2 = 0.052). Correlation analyses of cognitive measures revealed a negative association between performance on the d2 Test of Attention and MMP9 (r = −0.287, p = 0.018) in the BD sample. Despite the sample being euthymic (i.e., according to conventional criteria) at the time of analysis, we found significant correlations between MMP9 as well as sICAM‐1 and subthreshold depressive/hypomanic symptoms.ConclusionsA collection of disparate findings herein point to a role of MMP9 and cICAM‐1 in the patho‐progressive process of BD: the increased levels of serum MMP9 and sICAM‐1, the correlation between higher levels of these parameters, progressive stage, and cognitive dysfunction in BD, and the positive correlation with subthreshold symptoms. As sICAM‐1 and MMP9 are reliable biomarkers of inflammatory and early atherosclerotic disease, these markers may provide indications of the presence of occult cardiovascular disease in this highly at‐risk population.
The effect of one‐time abutment placement on interproximal bone levels and peri‐implant soft tissues: a prospective randomized clinical trial
Authors: Molina Ana , Sanz‐Sánchez Ignacio , Martín Conchita , Blanco Juan , Sanz Mariano 
Published: March 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the effect of placing the definitive abutment at the time of implant placement versus at a later stage, on the soft and hard tissue changes around dental implants.Material and methodsPlatform‐switched implants were placed in the posterior maxilla or mandible of partial edentulous patients and they were randomized to receive the definitive abutment at the moment of implant placement, or 6–12 weeks later. Final prostheses were delivered 2–4 weeks later. Radiographic assessment of vertical bone level changes (primary outcome), clinical status of peri‐implant tissues, changes in soft tissues margin, papilla filling, patient‐related outcomes and adverse events were assessed 6 and 12 months after loading.Results60 implants were placed in 40 patients, replacing single or multiple absent teeth. One implant was lost 1 week after insertion (overall survival rate: 98.3%). A statistically significant greater bone resorption from surgery to 6 months post‐loading was observed for those implants subjected to abutment change (control group: −1.24 ± 0.79 mm; test group: −0.61 ± 0.40 mm; P = 0.028). Periodontal clinical parameters and patient‐related outcomes, however, did not demonstrate significant differences between groups at any time point. A significant increase in papilla height was observed from loading to 12 months in all implants (control group: 1.17 ± 1.47 mm; test group: 0.98 ± 0.89 mm) and a slight but not significant coronal migration of the gingival margin.ConclusionsThe connection and disconnection of healing abutments is associated with significantly increased bone loss during the healing period between implant placement and 6 months post‐loading, when compared to one‐time abutment placement.
Multiple Sensory‐Motor Pathways Lead to Coordinated Visual Attention
Authors: Yu Chen , Smith Linda B. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractJoint attention has been extensively studied in the developmental literature because of overwhelming evidence that the ability to socially coordinate visual attention to an object is essential to healthy developmental outcomes, including language learning. The goal of this study was to understand the complex system of sensory‐motor behaviors that may underlie the establishment of joint attention between parents and toddlers. In an experimental task, parents and toddlers played together with multiple toys. We objectively measured joint attention—and the sensory‐motor behaviors that underlie it—using a dual head‐mounted eye‐tracking system and frame‐by‐frame coding of manual actions. By tracking the momentary visual fixations and hand actions of each participant, we precisely determined just how often they fixated on the same object at the same time, the visual behaviors that preceded joint attention and manual behaviors that preceded and co‐occurred with joint attention. We found that multiple sequential sensory‐motor patterns lead to joint attention. In addition, there are developmental changes in this multi‐pathway system evidenced as variations in strength among multiple routes. We propose that coordinated visual attention between parents and toddlers is primarily a sensory‐motor behavior. Skill in achieving coordinated visual attention in social settings—like skills in other sensory‐motor domains—emerges from multiple pathways to the same functional end.
Compatibilism and Incompatibilism in Social Cognition
Authors: Turri John 
Published: March 2016

AbstractCompatibilism is the view that determinism is compatible with acting freely and being morally responsible. Incompatibilism is the opposite view. It is often claimed that compatibilism or incompatibilism is a natural part of ordinary social cognition. That is, it is often claimed that patterns in our everyday social judgments reveal an implicit commitment to either compatibilism or incompatibilism. This paper reports five experiments designed to identify such patterns. The results support a nuanced hybrid account: The central tendencies in ordinary social cognition are compatibilism about moral responsibility, compatibilism about positive moral accountability (i.e., about deserving credit for good outcomes), neither compatibilism nor incompatibilism about negative moral accountability (i.e., about deserving blame for bad outcomes), compatibilism about choice for actions with positive outcomes, and incompatibilism about choice for actions with negative or neutral outcomes.
Women on Boards of Directors and Corporate Social Performance: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Byron Kris , Post Corinne 
Published: March 2016

AbstractResearch QuestionWhether and how women directors influence firms' engagement in socially responsible business practices and social reputation among diverse stakeholders is unclear due to conflicting empirical evidence, the lack of a coherent theory linking these variables, and inattention to the national contexts in which these relationships occurs.Research FindingsResults from our meta‐analysis of 87 independent samples suggest that, while generally positive, the female board representation–social performance relationship is even more positive in national contexts when boards may be more motivated to draw on the resources that women directors bring to a board (i.e., among firms operating in countries with stronger shareholder protections) and in contexts where intra‐board power distribution may be more balanced (i.e., in countries with higher gender parity).Theoretical ImplicationsFuture studies should more attentively examine how firms' institutional contexts enhance or mitigate the relationship between women's representation on boards and corporate social performance. Our findings also highlight the need for a comprehensive understanding of the social performance‐related knowledge, perspectives, and values that men and women bring to boards.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsOur results suggest that, to enhance any benefits of diversity for corporate social performance, efforts be directed at holding boards more accountable toward diverse stakeholders and improving the status of women in society and in the workforce.
Prospective pilots of routine data capture by paediatricians in clinics and validation of the Disabilities Complexity Scale
Authors: Horridge Karen A , Mcgarry Kenneth , Williams Jane , Whitlingum Gabriel ,   on behalf of the British Academy of Childhood Disability
Published: March 2016

AimsTo pilot prospective data collection by paediatricians at the point of care across England using a defined terminology set; demonstrate feasibility of data collection and utility of data outputs; and confirm that counting the number of needs per child is valid for quantifying complexity.MethodPaediatricians in 16 hospital and community settings collected and anonymized data. Participants completed a survey regarding the process. Data were analysed using R version 3.1.2.ResultsOverall, 8117 needs captured from 1224 consultations were recorded. Sixteen clinicians responded positively about the process and utility of data collection. The sum of needs varied significantly (p<0.01) by level of gross motor function ascertained using the Gross Motor Function Classification System for children with cerebral palsy; epilepsy severity as defined by level of expertise required to manage it; and by severity of intellectual disability.InterpretationProspective data collection at the point of clinical care proved possible without disrupting clinics, even for those with the most complex needs, and took the least time when done electronically. Counting the number of needs was easy to do, and quantified complexity in a way that informed clinical care for individuals and related directly to validated scales of functioning. Data outputs could inform more appropriate design and commissioning of quality services.
Time to generalization and prediction of survival in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Tortelli R. , Copetti M. , Panza F. , Fontana A. , Cortese R. , Capozzo R. , Introna A. , D'Errico E. , Zoccolella S. , Arcuti S. , Seripa D. , Simone I. L. , Logroscino G. 
Published: March 2016

Background and purposeA strong association between time to generalization (TTG), considered as the time of spreading of the clinical signs from spinal or bulbar localization to both, and survival was recently identified in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Thus, TTG may be used as an early to intermediate end‐point in survival studies. The aim of the present study was to test TTG as a predictor of survival in ALS.MethodsThis was an observational retrospective study of ALS patients from a tertiary referral centre over a 5‐year follow‐up period.ResultsIn 212 ALS patients, TTG was associated with time to death/tracheostomy [R 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53–0.70; P < 0.001]. In a time‐to‐event analysis, longer TTG resulted in lower risk to reach a composite outcome (death or tracheostomy) both in univariate [hazard ratio (HR) 0.98, 95% CI 0.97–0.99] and multivariate Cox analyses (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96–0.99). TTG predicted death/tracheostomy at 4 years (C‐statistic 0.58; 95% CI 0.53–0.63) and at 5 years (C‐statistic 0.58; 95% CI 0.53–0.62).ConclusionsBased on the present results from a large clinical cohort, TTG may be used as a new early to intermediate end‐point to describe the ALS natural history. TTG may be potentially useful as a new primary outcome measure for clinical trials.
Geochemical fingerprinting of hydraulic fracturing fluids from Qusaiba Hot Shale and formation water from Paleozoic petroleum systems, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Birkle P. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractProvenance studies of produced water are essential to trace flow dynamics and reservoir compartmentalization in petroleum systems and to quantify fluid recovery rates from unconventional fracturing. Produced water from a hydraulically fractured well in the Qusaiba Hot Shale in the Northern Exploration Area, Saudi Arabia, was daily monitored and analyzed for water chemistry, and environmental (δ2H, δ13C, δ18OH2O, δ18OSO4, δ34SSO4, δ37Cl, 87Sr/86Sr) and cosmogenic isotopes (3H, 14C, 36Cl), to differentiate from reference fluids of supply water, fracturing fluids, and formation water from adjacent Paleozoic units. Initially, recovered water is composed of fracturing fluids and subsequently replaced by a homogeneous cut of pristine formation water. Formation water is composed of dominant meteoric water (approximately 84 vol%) and minor fossil evaporated seawater. The young 14C‐apparent age between 6000 and 6700 years BP and depleted δ18O/δ2H values for the meteoric component confirm the infiltration of surface water into the Qusaiba Hot Shale interval or adjacent units during the Early Holocene Pluvial Period under cooler and wetter climatic conditions than present, which suggest the presence of a very recent, dynamic hydraulic flow system. 36Cl/Cl ratios between 102 × 10−15 and 31 × 10−15 are ambiguous and can be attributed to atmospheric recharge close to the coast, mixing of 36Cl‐enriched Quaternary meteoric recharge with 36Cl‐depleted fossil seawater, and/or hypogene production by U‐Th‐enriched host rock. Produced waters from Qusaiba Hot Shale are within the compositional range of Na‐Cl‐type formation water from Paleozoic reservoir units in northern Saudi Arabia with salinities from 30 000 to 130 000 mg l−1. As a novel technological approach for exploration wells in Northern Saudi Arabia, multi‐isotopic methods were successfully implemented to quantify flowback volumes from hydraulic fracturing, and to fingerprint pristine formation water or pore water in Paleozoic systems on their provenance, residence time, migration pathways, and secondary alteration processes.
Severe Headache or Migraine History Is Inversely Correlated With Dietary Sodium Intake: NHANES 1999–2004
Authors: Pogoda Janice M. , Gross Noah B. , Arakaki Xianghong , Fonteh Alfred N. , Cowan Robert P. , Harrington Michael G. 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveWe investigated whether dietary sodium intake from respondents of a national cross‐sectional nutritional study differed by history of migraine or severe headaches.BackgroundSeveral lines of evidence support a disruption of sodium homeostasis in migraine.DesignOur analysis population was 8819 adults in the 1999–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with reliable data on diet and headache history. We classified respondents who reported a history of migraine or severe headaches as having probable history of migraine. To reduce the diagnostic conflict from medication overuse headache, we excluded respondents who reported taking analgesic medications. Dietary sodium intake was measured using validated estimates of self‐reported total grams of daily sodium consumption and was analyzed as the residual value from the linear regression of total grams of sodium on total calories. Multivariable logistic regression that accounted for the stratified, multistage probability cluster sampling design of NHANES was used to analyze the relationship between migraine and dietary sodium.ResultsOdds of probable migraine history decreased with increasing dietary sodium intake (odds ratio = 0.93, 95% confidence interval = 0.87, 1.00, P = .0455). This relationship was maintained after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) with slightly reduced significance (P = .0505). In women, this inverse relationship was limited to those with lower BMI (P = .007), while in men the relationship did not differ by BMI. We likely excluded some migraineurs by omitting frequent analgesic users; however, a sensitivity analysis suggested little effect from this exclusion.ConclusionsThis study is the first evidence of an inverse relationship between migraine and dietary sodium intake. These results are consistent with altered sodium homeostasis in migraine and our hypothesis that dietary sodium may affect brain extracellular fluid sodium concentrations and neuronal excitability.
Long‐Term Outcomes and Clinical Characteristics of Hypnic Headache Syndrome: 40 Patients Series From a Tertiary Referral Center
Authors: Tariq Nauman , Estemalik Emad , Vij Brinder , Kriegler Jennifer S. , Tepper Stewart J. , Stillman Mark J. 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveHypnic headaches (HHs) are unique because of late life onset and characteristic periodic nocturnal awakening. We retrospectively identified 40 cases at a tertiary headache referral center over the course of 6 years and assessed response to conventional treatments.MethodsThis was a retrospective study in which patients were identified using primary and secondary ICD‐9 diagnostic codes of HHs (339.81) from October 2008 until December 2014 using the International Classification of Headache Disorders II and III‐beta criteria for diagnosis. Baseline characteristics were collected. Primary outcome was response to medications divided into 4 categories: complete response (headaches completely gone), moderate response (≥50% decrease in frequency), partial response (<50% decrease in frequency), no response.ResultsForty (40) patients (80% females) were identified with HHs, and mean follow‐up was 929 days (range 42‐2555). Average age of headache onset was 62 years (range 44‐86). Twenty (50%) patients had previous history of migraine, 5% had bilateral cranial autonomic features, and 40% underlying sleep abnormalities. The average duration per day and frequency per month of headaches were 186 minutes (range 30‐720 minutes) and 21 days (range 5‐30), respectively. Among 15 different medications tried, the best response was seen with lithium (7/10 [70%] complete response and 2/10 [20%] moderate response). With caffeine, there was a complete response in 6/21 (28%) and moderate response in 9/21 (43%) subjects. A telephone follow‐up survey revealed that 5 patients in the bedtime caffeine group also benefited from taking a caffeinated drink at the time of awakening.ConclusionsHH is an infrequent primary headache disorder that can present with cranial autonomic features. It can persist for years in the elderly. Lithium appeared to be the most effective treatment option, followed by caffeine at bedtime. Caffeine ingestion on awakening with an HH also demonstrated benefit. Cervicogenic headaches in the elderly and presence of active migraine are major confounders in the diagnosis of HHs.
Improved extraction of disulphide‐rich bioactive proteins from soya hulls: characterisation of a novel aspartic proteinase
Authors: Liu Chun , Cheng Fen‐Fen , Liu Xiao , Ma Hong‐Yu , Yang Xiao‐Quan 
Published: March 2016

SummarySoya hull, an underutilised coproduct of soya processing, was investigated as a source of disulphide‐rich bioactive proteins. A Viscozyme L‐assisted extraction method was developed to improve the yield of extracted proteins. The extracted proteins were identified by MALDI TOF–TOF MS, and the most abundant disulphide‐rich protein among identified proteins was purified and the enzymatic properties were evaluated. The results indicated that the Viscozyme L‐assisted extraction method extracted significantly (P < 0.05) more proteins (39.01%) than did the aqueous method (4.52%). The yield of the purified aspartic proteinase nepenthesin‐1‐like [Glycine max] (GmAPN1K) (the most abundant disulphide‐rich protein) is 570 mg Kg−1. The specific activity of GmAPN1K was 62.1 U mg−1 at pH 3.0 and 37 °C. The enzyme was optimally active at pH 3.0 and 55 °C. It was stable within pH range 3.0–10.0 and up to 55 °C, respectively, and was specifically inhibited by pepstatin A.