bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Type I IFN–Inducible Downregulation of MicroRNA-27a Feedback Inhibits Antiviral Innate Response by Upregulating Siglec1/TRIM27
Authors: Zheng Qingliang , Hou Jin , Zhou Ye , Yang Yingyun , Cao Xuetao 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Upon recognition of viral components by pattern recognition receptors, including TLRs and retinoic acid–inducible gene I–like helicases, cells are activated to produce type I IFN, which plays key roles in host antiviral innate immune response. However, excessive IFN production may induce immune disorders, and the mechanisms responsible for the regulation of type I IFN production have attracted much attention. Furthermore, type I IFN activates the downstream IFN/JAK/STAT pathway to modulate expression of a set of genes against viral infection, but whether these genes can feedback regulate type I IFN production is poorly understood. In this study, by screening the microRNAs modulated by viral infection in macrophages, we identified that microRNA (miR)-27a was significantly downregulated via the IFN/JAK/STAT1/runt-related transcription factor 1 pathway. Inducible downregulation of miR-27a, in turn, negatively regulated vesicular stomatitis virus–triggered type I IFN production, thus promoting vesicular stomatitis virus replication in macrophages. Mechanistically, we found that miR-27a directly targeted sialic acid–binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec)1 and E3 ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif–containing protein 27 (TRIM27), both of which were previously verified as negative regulators of type I IFN production. Furthermore, we constructed “Sponge” transgenic mice against miR-27a expression and found that Siglec1 and TRIM27 expression were elevated whereas type I IFN production was inhibited and viral replication was aggregated in vivo. Therefore, type I IFN–induced downregulation of miR-27a can upregulate Siglec1 and TRIM27 expression, feedback inhibiting type I IFN production in antiviral innate response. Our study outlines a new negative way to feedback regulate type I IFN production.
La visibilidad de los Centros de Internamiento de Extranjeros: dinámicas entre el movimiento asociativo y los periodistas
Authors: Agirre Maiora Antxoka , Ruiz Aranguren María , Cantalapiedra Gonzalez María José 
Published: December 2015

Se analiza la visibilidad de los Centros de Internamiento de Extranjeros (CIE) en los principales medios de comunicación españoles, y el papel jugado por asociaciones civiles y periodistas a la hora de colocar este tema en la agenda mediática. Metodología. Para ello se procede a realizar un estudio cuantitativo de los textos publicados en los diarios El País, El Mundo, Abc y el diario.es entre los años 2009 y 2013 y se han realizado entrevistas en profundidad con representantes de asociaciones y periodistas. Resultados. Los resultados muestran que las asociaciones son la principal fuente de este tipo de noticias. Conclusiones. Los informes elaborados con el apoyo de expertos sobre las condiciones de los CIE han permitido a las organizaciones articular un discurso que ha resultado efectivo para llegar a los grandes medios. Los resultados reflejan también que el interés por parte de la profesión ha sido más bien escaso.
A new genus and two new species of cavernicolous amphipods (Crustacea: Typhlogammaridae) from the Western Caucasus
Authors: Sidorov Dmitry A. , Gontcharov Andrey A. , Sharina Svetlana N. 
Published: December 2015

This study deals with the biodiversity and distribution of cavernicolous Amphipoda in caves of the Arabika massif (Western Caucasus). The Sarma, Trojka and Orlinoe Gnezdo caves were explored during speleological expeditions over the years 2011–12. Two new species of Amphipoda were found: a sub-surface dweller Zenkevitchia sandroruffoi sp. nov. is reported from the Sarma, Trojka and Orlinoe Gnezdo caves at depths from -30 m to -350 m; the second one, a deep dweller Adaugammarus pilosus gen. et sp. nov. is reported from the Sarma Cave at depths of -1270 to -1700 m. Adaugammarus gen. nov. shares similarities with Typhlogammarus Schäferna, 1907 and Zenkevitchia Birstein, 1940. The species Anopogammarus birsteini Derzhavin, 1945 is also re-described herein based on new samples that suggest close affinity of this species with the family Gammaridae. The original taxonomic combination is resurrected for Zenkevitchia revazi Birstein & Ljovuschkin, 1970, comb. resurr. (from Anopogammarus Derzhavin, 1945). To accommodate morphologically different species in the genus Zenkevitchia, two new groups are proposed. These are the admirabilis-group (Z. admirabilis Birstein, 1940 and Z. yakovi Sidorov, 2015) and the sandroruffoi-group (Z. sandroruffoi sp. nov. and Z. revazi). An updated molecular (mt-cox1) phylogeny, an identification key to the genera and a distribution map for the typhlogammarid amphipod species of Transcaucasia are provided.
Integrated Biophysical and Biochemical Signals Augment Megakaryopoiesis and Thrombopoiesis in a Three-Dimensional Rotary Culture System
Authors: Yang Yiqing , Liu CuiCui , Lei Xiaohua , Wang Hongtao , Su Pei , Ru Yongxin , Ruan Xinhua , Duan Enkui , Feng Sizhou , Han Mingzhe , Xu Yuanfu , Shi Lihong , Jiang Erlie , Zhou Jiaxi 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Platelet transfusion has been widely used in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy; however, the shortage of the platelet supply limits the care of patients. Although derivation of clinical-scale platelets in vitro could provide a new source for transfusion, the devices and procedures for deriving scalable platelets for clinical applications have not been established. In the present study, we found that a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) can potentiate megakaryopoiesis and significantly improve the efficiency of platelet generation. When used with chemical compounds and growth factors identified via small-scale screening, the RCCS improved platelet generation efficiency by as much as ∼3.7-fold compared with static conditions. Shear force, simulated microgravity, and better diffusion of nutrients and oxygen from the RCCS, altogether, might account for the improved efficient platelet generation. The cost-effective and highly controllable strategy and methodology represent an important step toward large-scale platelet production for future biomedical and clinical applications.

Significance
Platelet transfusion has been widely used in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy; however, the shortage of platelet supply limits the care of patients. Thus, derivation of clinical-scale platelets in vitro would provide a new source for transfusion. The present study evaluated a rotary suspension cell culture system that was able to potentiate megakaryopoiesis and significantly improved the efficiency of platelet generation. When used with chemical compounds and growth factors identified via small-scale screening, the three-dimensional system improved platelet generation efficiency compared with the static condition. The three-dimensional device and the strategy developed in the present study should markedly improve the generation of large-scale platelets for use in future biomedical and clinical settings.
Concise Review: An Update on the Culture of Human Corneal Endothelial Cells for Transplantation
Authors: Parekh Mohit , Ferrari Stefano , Sheridan Carl , Kaye Stephen , Ahmad Sajjad 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe cornea forms the front window of the eye, enabling the transmission of light to the retina through a crystalline lens. Many disorders of the cornea lead to partial or total blindness, and therefore corneal transplantation becomes mandatory. Recently, selective corneal layer (as opposed to full thickness) transplantation has become popular because this leads to earlier rehabilitation and visual outcomes. Corneal endothelial disorders are a common cause of corneal disease and transplantation. Corneal endothelial transplantation is successful but limited worldwide because of lower donor corneal supply. Alternatives to corneal tissue for endothelial transplantation therefore require immediate attention. The field of human corneal endothelial culture for transplantation is rapidly emerging as a possible viable option. This manuscript provides an update regarding these developments.SignificanceThe cornea is the front clear window of the eye. It needs to be kept transparent for normal vision. It is formed of various layers of which the posterior layer (the endothelium) is responsible for the transparency of the cornea because it allows the transport of ions and solutes to and from the other layers of the cornea. Corneal blindness that results from the corneal endothelial dysfunction can be treated using healthy donor tissues. There is a huge demand for human donor corneas but limited supply, and therefore there is a need to identify alternatives that would reduce this demand. Research is underway to understand the isolation techniques for corneal endothelial cells, culturing these cells in the laboratory, and finding possible options to transplant these cells in the patients. This review article is an update on the recent developments in this field.
Preparation of electrodeposited Zn–Ni–B alloy coatings
Authors: Sakai Taro , Kamimoto Yuki , Ichino Ryoichi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWe prepared Zn–Ni–B alloys with high Zn content and high corrosion resistance. The composition of the alloys was controlled by potentiostatic electrolysis. In the electroplating bath, dimethylamineborane was used as the B source. The characterization of the alloys and corrosion resistance evaluation were carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), Tafel plots, and cyclic corrosion tests. All films were categorized into three groups on the basis of the results of XRD analysis, and it was found by TEM analysis that the Ni–B-type showed an amorphous structure. The Ni–B-type could contain up to 50.6 mol % Zn and showed similar or better anticorrosion properties than the amorphous Ni–B films. In the Ni–B-type, the higher the Zn content, the higher the corrosion resistance. The Zn–Ni–B alloys had almost the same electrochemical corrosion resistance and Zn content as the Zn–Ni–P alloys.
Microstructure development and hydrogen gas interaction of oxidized Zr65Pd35 and Zr60Pd35Ce5 amorphous alloys
Authors: Ozawa Masakuni , Kato Shiro , Kobayashi Katsutoshi , Yogo Toshinobu , Yamamura Shin-ichi 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The microstructure of composites derived from amorphous Zr65Pd35 and Zr65Pd35Ce5 alloys was studied. X-ray diffractograms, Raman spectroscopy profiles and scanning electron micrographs indicated that the mixtures containing ZrO2, metallic Pd, and PdO were formed for both amorphous alloys after heat treatment in air. The amorphous Zr60Pd35Ce5 alloy at temperatures of 280–400 °C changed to the composites in which very small Pd precipitates with a diameter less than 100 nm were embedded in a ZrO2 matrix. The hydrogen-temperature-programmed reduction was applied to study the reactivity of hydrogen gas with the oxidized Zr60Pd35Ce5 material. A rapid hydrogen absorption and release behavior was observed on the composite derived from the amorphous alloy.
Aislamiento, inoculación y efecto de consorcios micorrízicos en Jatropha curcas
Authors: Carmen A González Chávez Ma. del , Rogelio Carrillo González , Rogelio Carrillo González , Silvia Evangelista Lozano , Roberto Brito Batalla , Ariadna Sánchez López , Stefani y Perea Vélez Yazmín 
Published: December 2015

Resumen
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue aislar y evaluar en vivero el efecto de ocho consorcios micorrízicos en dos etapas del crecimiento de Jatropha curcas variedad CEPROBI. Seis consorcios se aislaron de la rizosfera de plantas adultas y productivas de J. curcas establecidas en los estados de Yucatán y Morelos (México). Los otros dos consorcios se aislaron de otras plantas (piña y maíz) y sitios (Oaxaca, Tabasco, respectivamente). La primera evaluación se realizó durante los primeros cuatro meses a través de una cinética de crecimiento de plántulas obtenidas de semilla (altura, diámetro de tallo, número de hojas). También se determinó la longitud y diámetro de raíces primarias, secundarias y finas; así como la colonización micorrízica. Al año de edad de las plantas se determinó la altura, el diámetro de tallo, la concentración foliar de nitrógeno, fósforo y potasio, así como de micronutrimentos (Zn+2, Cu+2). Durante los primeros tres meses, el consorcio Oaxaca promovió la altura de J. curcas y la longitud de raíces finas (323%). Mientras que el consorcio procedente de Tabasco, aumentó significativamente 23% el diámetro de tallo y 340% la longitud de raíces finas en plantas de 4 meses de edad, en comparación con los valores observados en las plantas no inoculadas. Por el contrario, no se observó efecto significativo por la inoculación micorrízica en el número de hojas, longitud y diámetro de la raíz principal y número de raíces secundarias. Los efectos que se observaron no se relacionaron con la colonización micorrízica. En las plantas de un año de edad se observó que el consorcio Mérida 1 influenció significativamente la altura (119%), seguido de los consorcios Mérida 2, Morelos 3, Tabasco y Oaxaca. Mientras que el consorcio Mérida 4 fue con el que se obtuvo el mayor diámetro de tallo (142%). La inoculación de J. curcas con consorcios micorrízicos favorece el crecimiento de las plantas; sin embargo, debe investigarse su efecto en la producción, rendimiento y calidad de aceite.
Episodic warming of near‐bottom waters under the Arctic sea ice on the central Laptev Sea shelf
Authors: Janout Markus , Hölemann Jens , Juhls Bennet , Krumpen Thomas , Rabe Benjamin , Bauch Dorothea , Wegner Carolyn , Kassens Heidemarie , Timokhov Leonid 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA multiyear mooring record (2007–2014) and satellite imagery highlight the strong temperature variability and unique hydrographic nature of the Laptev Sea. This Arctic shelf is a key region for river discharge and sea ice formation and export and includes submarine permafrost and methane deposits, which emphasizes the need to understand the thermal variability near the seafloor. Recent years were characterized by early ice retreat and a warming near‐shore environment. However, warming was not observed on the deeper shelf until year‐round under‐ice measurements recorded unprecedented warm near‐bottom waters of +0.6°C in winter 2012/2013, just after the Arctic sea ice extent featured a record minimum. In the Laptev Sea, early ice retreat in 2012 combined with Lena River heat and solar radiation produced anomalously warm summer surface waters, which were vertically mixed, trapped in the pycnocline, and subsequently transferred toward the bottom until the water column cooled when brine rejection eroded stratification.
The thermodynamic balance of the Weddell Gyre
Authors: Naveira Garabato Alberto C. , Zika Jan D. , Jullion Loïc , Brown Peter J. , Holland Paul R. , Meredith Michael P. , Bacon Sheldon 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe thermodynamic balance of the Weddell Gyre is assessed from an inverse estimate of the circulation across the gyre's rim. The gyre experiences a weak net buoyancy gain that arises from a leading‐order cancelation between two opposing contributions, linked to two cells of water mass transformation and diapycnal overturning. The lower cell involves a cooling‐driven densification of 8.4 ± 2.0 Sv of Circumpolar Deep Water and Antarctic Bottom Water near the gyre's southern and western margins. The upper cell entails a freshening‐driven conversion of 4.9 ± 2.0 Sv of Circumpolar Deep Water into lighter upper ocean waters within the gyre interior. The distinct role of salinity between the two cells stems from opposing salinity changes induced by sea ice production, meteoric sources, and admixture of fresh upper ocean waters in the lower cell, which contrasts with coherent reductions in salinity associated with sea ice melting and meteoric sources in the upper cell.
foF2long‐term trend linked to Earth's magnetic field secular variation at a station under the northern crest of the equatorial ionization anomaly
Authors: Pham Thi Thu Hong , Amory‐Mazaudier Christine , Le Huy Minh , Elias Ana G. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractLong‐term trend of the critical frequency of theF2ionospheric region,foF2, at Phu Thuy station (21.03°N, 105.96°E), Vietnam, located under the northern crest of the equatorial ionization anomaly, EIA, is studied. Annual mean data are analyzed at 04 LT and 12 LT for the period 1962–2002 using monthly median values and monthly mean values during magnetically quiet days (am < 20). In both cases we obtain similar trends at 4 LT and 12 LT, which we interpret as an absence of geomagnetic activity effect over trends. The positive trends obtained are not consistent with the negative values expected from greenhouse gases effect at this layer of the upper atmosphere. The increasing trend observed at 12 LT is qualitatively in agreement with the expected effect of the secular displacement of the dip equator over the EIA latitudinal profile. At 04 LT, when the EIA is absent, the positive trend is in qualitative agreement with the secular variation of the Earth's magnetic field inclination,I, and the consequent increase of the sin(I)cos(I) factor at the corresponding location.
Far‐field stress dependency of the failure mode of damage‐zone fractures in fault zones: Results from laboratory tests and field observations of siliceous mudstone
Authors: Ishii Eiichi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe macroscopic failure mode (tensile/hybrid/shear) of damage‐zone fractures in fault zones may influence the hydrogeological properties of the fault zone. Application of the Griffith‐Coulomb failure criterion, combined with the simple assumption that failures are predominantly induced by an increase in differential stresses and/or a decrease in effective normal stresses resulting from stress concentrations generated at the asperities/tips of faults, suggests that (1) only tensile fractures propagate from faults when the effective mean stress is less than the rock tensile strength, (2) tensile/hybrid fractures form when the effective mean stress is less than twice the rock tensile strength, and (3) shear fractures can develop when the effective mean stress is more than twice the rock tensile strength, which suppresses the formation of tensile/hybrid fractures. In this study, thin slots were precut in siliceous mudstone samples and mechanical experiments were conducted under a range of effective confining pressures using core samples with and without precut slots. A comparison of fractures formed in the samples at different applied effective mean stresses gave results consistent with the proposed model. The correspondence of model predictions and results was also corroborated by observations of natural damage‐zone fractures observed in the field, in boreholes penetrating the same siliceous mudstone as used in the experiments. The results indicate that fault zones containing numerous tensile/hybrid fractures are limited to domains that have experienced effective mean stresses of less than twice the rock tensile strength.
Long period seismicity and very long period infrasound driven by shallow magmatic degassing at Mount Pagan, Mariana Islands
Authors: Lyons John J. , Haney Matthew M. , Werner Cynthia , Kelly Peter , Patrick Matthew , Kern Christoph , Trusdell Frank 
Published: December 2015

AbstractLong period (LP) seismicity and very long period infrasound (iVLP) were recorded during continuous degassing from Mount Pagan, Mariana Islands, in July 2013 to January 2014. The frequency content of the LP and iVLP events and delay times between the two arrivals were remarkably stable and indicate nearly co‐located sources. Using phase‐weighted stacking over similar events to dampen noise, we find that the LP source centroid is located 60 m below and 180 m west of the summit vent. The moment tensor reveals a volumetric source modeled as resonance of a subhorizontal sill intersecting a dike. We model the seismoacoustic wavefields with a coupled earth‐air 3‐D finite difference code. The ratios of pressure to velocity measured at the infrasound arrays are an order of magnitude larger than the synthetic ratios, so the iVLP is not the result of LP energy transmitting into the atmosphere at its epicenter. Based on crater shape and dimensions determined by structure from motion, we model the iVLP as acoustic resonance of an exponential horn. The source of the continuous plume from gas analysis is shallow magmatic degassing, which repeatedly pressurized the dike‐sill portion of the conduit over the 7 months of observation. Periodic gas release caused the geologically controlled sill to partially collapse and resonate, while venting of gas at the surface triggered resonance in the crater. LP degassing only accounts for ~12% of total degassing, indicating that most degassing is relatively aseismic and that multiple active pathways exist beneath the vent.
The separation of the East Australian Current: A Lagrangian approach to potential vorticity and upstream control
Authors: Ypma S. L. , van Sebille E. , Kiss A. E. , Spence P. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe East Australian Current (EAC) is the western boundary current flowing along the east coast of Australia separating from the coast at approximately 34°S. After the separation two main pathways can be distinguished, the eastward flowing Tasman Front and the extension of the EAC flowing southward. The area south of the separation latitude is eddy‐rich and the separation latitude of the EAC is variable. Little is known of the properties of the water masses that separate at the bifurcation of the EAC. This paper presents new insights from the Lagrangian perspective, where the water masses that veer east and those that continue south are tracked in an eddy‐permitting numerical model. The transport along the two pathways is computed, and a 1:3 ratio between transport in the EAC extension and transport in the Tasman Front is found. The results show that the “fate” of the particles is to first order already determined by the particle distribution within the EAC current upstream of the separation latitude, where 85% of the particles following the EAC extension originate from below 460 m and 90% of the particles following the Tasman Front originate from the top 460 m depth at 28°S. The separation and pathways are controlled by the structure of the isopycnals in this region. Analysis of anomalies in potential vorticity show that in the region where the two water masses overlap, the fate of the water depends on the presence of anticyclonic eddies that push isopycnals down and therefore enable particles to travel further south.