bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Needle‐like NiCo2O4 Coated on Graphene Foam as a Flexible Cathode for Lithium‐Oxygen Batteries
Authors: Jiang Yuexing , Zou Lu , Cheng Junfang , Huang Yizhen , Jia Lichao , Chi Bo , Pu Jian , Li Jian 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe electrochemical performance of non‐aqueous lithium‐oxygen batteries depends largely on the catalytic activity of the cathode, among which the architecture design plays an important role. In this paper, we present a novel free‐standing, flexible cathode with needle‐like NiCo2O4 coated on a three‐dimensional graphene framework. The hierarchical structure exhibits a macropore nest of graphene foam along with mesopore decoration of NiCo2O4 nanorods, which can provide fast diffusion or adsorption for the reactants and abundant active site for the oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction. With the novel cathode, the battery delivers a capacity about 5000 mAh g−1 at a current density of 400 mA g−1, and can cycle stably at least 80 times without obvious degradation at the capacity limitation of 1000 mAh g−1. This flexible cathode shows potential application in foldable electronic devices.
Cover Image, Volume 74, Issue 9
Authors: Parab Sweta , Dalvi Veena , Mylavaram Sushma , Kishore Abhipriya , Idicula‐Thomas Susan , Sonawane Shobha , Parte Priyanka 
Published: September 2017

The cover image, by Sweta Parab et al., is based on the Research Article Human Tubulin acetylation: A novel functional avenue for CDYL in sperm, DOI: 10.1002/cm.21381.
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Cover Image, Volume 74, Issue 9
Authors: Iwase Shohei , Ono Shoichiro 
Published: September 2017

The cover image, by Shohei Iwase and Shoichiro Ono, is based on the Research Article Conserved hydrophobic residues in the CARP/b‐sheet domain of cyclase‐associated protein are involved in actin monomer regulation, DOI: 10.1002/cm.21385.
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Early recovery of circulating immature B cells in B‐lymphoblastic leukemia patients after CD19 targeted CAR T cell therapy: A pitfall for minimal residual disease detection
Authors: Xiao Wenbin , Salem Dalia , McCoy Catharine S. , Lee Daniel , Shah Nirali N. , Stetler‐Stevenson Maryalice , Yuan Constance M. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundCD19‐targeted chimeric‐antigen receptor‐modified T‐cells (CAR‐T) are promising in the treatment of refractory B‐lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL). Minimal residual disease (MRD) detection by multicolor flow cytometry (FCM) is critical to distinguish B‐ALL MRD from regenerating, non‐neoplastic B‐cell populations.MethodsFCM was performed on samples from 9 patients with B‐ALL treated with CAR‐T.ResultsAll 9 patients showed response to CAR‐T. Additionally, FCM revealed circulating CD10 + B cells, potentially mimicking MRD. Circulating CD10+ B‐cells were detected in blood from 3 days to 3 months after CAR‐T, comprising 73% (median) of B‐cells (52–83%, 95%CI). They expressed CD19, CD10, CD20, bright CD9, CD22, CD24, moderate CD38 and dim CD58, but were CD34 (–), with bright CD45 and polyclonal surface light chain immunoglobulin (sIg) expression. A similar CD10 + B‐cell subpopulation was detected by marrow FCM, amidst abundant B‐cell precursors.ConclusionsThese circulating CD10 + B‐cells are compatible with immature B‐cells, and are a reflection of B‐cell recovery within the marrow. They are immunophenotypically distinguishable from residual B‐ALL. Expression of light chain sIg and key surface antigens characterizing regenerating B‐cell precursors can distinguish immature B‐cells from B‐ALL MRD and prevent misdiagnosis. © 2017 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Thymic enteric type adenocarcinoma: A case report with cytological features
Authors: Tamai Marie , Ishida Mitsuaki , Ebisu Yusuke , Okamoto Hisashi , Miyasaka Chika , Ohe Chisato , Uemura Yoshiko , Saito Tomohito , Murakawa Tomohiro , Tsuta Koji 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPrimary thymic adenocarcinoma is an extremely rare tumor, and thymic enteric type adenocarcinoma has recently been proposed as a distinct pathological entity. Herein, we report the first cytological description of thymic enteric type adenocarcinoma. A 29‐year‐old Japanese female without a significant past medical history was found to have an abnormal chest shadow. Chest computed tomography demonstrated a well‐circumscribed tumor in the anterior mediastinum, and thymectomy was performed. The Papanicolaou staining of the touch smear of the resected tumor demonstrated tightly cohesive epithelial cell clusters in a necrotic background. These cells were cuboidal to columnar in shape and had large round to oval nuclei with conspicuous nucleoli. Some of these neoplastic cells had intracytoplasmic mucin. Immunocytochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for cytokeratin 20 and CDX‐2. Histopathological study revealed tubular and papillotubular neoplastic growth composed of cuboidal to columnar neoplastic cells that contained large round to oval nuclei. Some of the neoplastic cells had intracytoplasmic mucin. Immunohistochemical study confirmed the expression of cytokeratin 20 and CDX‐2. The final diagnosis of thymic enteric type adenocarcinoma was made. The cytological and immunocytochemical features of this case led to a diagnosis of enteric type adenocarcinoma. However, these features alone cannot be differentiated from a metastatic adenocarcinoma arising from the gastrointestinal tract. Cytological examination of a fine‐needle aspiration of the mediastinal tumor has been reported to be useful in making a diagnosis. Therefore, an awareness of this new pathological entity is important for differentiating a thymic tumor from a metastatic carcinoma in the thymus.
Performance of different prostate specific antibodies in the cytological diagnosis of metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jia Liwei , Jiang Yuying , Michael Claire W. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundDiagnosis of metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma (metPA) in cytology specimens can be challenging and frequently requires the use of immunohistochemistry (IHC). Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and NKX3.1 have emerged as promising IHC markers to determine prostatic origin of metPA in surgical specimens. Our goal is to evaluate the performance of PSMA and NKX3.1 and compare them with those of prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) and prostate specific alkaline phosphatase (PSAP) in the cytological diagnosis of metPAMaterialsCytology specimens from patients with a history of prostate adenocarcinoma at our institution between January 01, 2005 and December 31, 2015 were retrieved. IHC stains were performed on the cell blocks. In addition to the staining pattern and intensity, the sensitivity, and specificity of PSMA and NKX3.1 were assessed and compared to those of PSA and PSAP markers.ResultsA total of 56 cytology cases were retrieved with the following diagnoses: 13 metPA, 37 metastatic carcinomas from other origins, 4 rare atypical cells, and 2 benign. Additional 9 cases were re‐classified as metPA based on positive PSMA and/or NKX3.1 immunostains. In our cohort of 22 cases of metPA, 18 were positive for PSMA (82%), 15 for NKX3.1 (68%), 9 for PSA (41%), and 9 for PSAP (41%). PSMA and NKX3.1 were negative in all 6 cases of metastatic carcinoma of nonprostate origin (specificity 100%). PSMA demonstrated strong membranous staining pattern, and NKX3.1 exhibited moderate nuclear staining pattern.ConclusionBecause of their higher sensitivity and specificity, PSMA and NKX3.1 are valuable surrogate markers for metPA in cytology specimens, when compared with PSA and PSAP markers.
Increased sign‐tracking behavior in adolescent rats
Authors: DeAngeli Nicole E. , Miller Sarah B. , Meyer Heidi C. , Bucci David J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAn autoshaping procedure was used to test the notion that conditioned stimuli (CSs) gain greater incentive salience during adolescence than young adulthood under conditions of social isolation rearing and food restriction. Rats were single‐housed and placed on food restriction during 10 daily training sessions in which a lever (CS+) was presented then followed immediately by a food unconditioned stimulus (US). A second lever (CS−) was presented on intermixed trials and was not reinforced. Despite the fact that food delivery was not contingent on the rats’ behavior, all rats exhibited behaviors directed towards the lever (i.e., sign‐tracking). In the adolescent group, the rate of lever pressing and the percentage of trials with a lever press were higher than in young adults. Initially, group differences were observed when rats were retrained when the adolescents had reached young adulthood. These findings support the hypothesis that cues that come to predict reward become imbued with excessive motivational value in adolescents, perhaps contributing to the hyper‐responsiveness to reward‐related stimuli typically observed during this period of development.
Maternal salivary testosterone in pregnancy and fetal neuromaturation
Authors: Voegtline Kristin M. , Costigan Kathleen A. , DiPietro Janet A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTestosterone exposure during pregnancy has been hypothesized as a mechanism for sex differences in brain and behavioral development observed in the postnatal period. The current study documents the natural history of maternal salivary testosterone from 18 weeks gestation of pregnancy to 6 months postpartum, and investigates associations with fetal heart rate, motor activity, and their integration. Findings indicate maternal salivary testosterone increases with advancing gestation though no differences by fetal sex were detected. High intra‐individual stability in prenatal testosterone levels extend into the postnatal period, particularly for pregnancies with male fetuses. With respect to fetal development, by 36 weeks gestation higher maternal prenatal salivary testosterone was significantly associated with faster fetal heart rate and less optimal somatic‐cardiac integration. Measurement of testosterone in saliva is a useful tool for repeated‐measures studies of hormonal concomitants of pregnancy. Moreover, higher maternal testosterone levels are associated with modest interference to fetal neurobehavioral development.
A modeling framework for the establishment and spread of invasive species in heterogeneous environments
Authors: Lustig Audrey , Worner Susan P. , Pitt Joel P. W. , Doscher Crile , Stouffer Daniel B. , Senay Senait D. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractNatural and human‐induced events are continuously altering the structure of our landscapes and as a result impacting the spatial relationships between individual landscape elements and the species living in the area. Yet, only recently has the influence of the surrounding landscape on invasive species spread started to be considered. The scientific community increasingly recognizes the need for broader modeling framework that focuses on cross‐study comparisons at different spatiotemporal scales. Using two illustrative examples, we introduce a general modeling framework that allows for a systematic investigation of the effect of habitat change on invasive species establishment and spread. The essential parts of the framework are (i) a mechanistic spatially explicit model (a modular dispersal framework—MDIG) that allows population dynamics and dispersal to be modeled in a geographical information system (GIS), (ii) a landscape generator that allows replicated landscape patterns with partially controllable spatial properties to be generated, and (iii) landscape metrics that depict the essential aspects of landscape with which dispersal and demographic processes interact. The modeling framework provides functionality for a wide variety of applications ranging from predictions of the spatiotemporal spread of real species and comparison of potential management strategies, to theoretical investigation of the effect of habitat change on population dynamics. Such a framework allows to quantify how small‐grain landscape characteristics, such as habitat size and habitat connectivity, interact with life‐history traits to determine the dynamics of invasive species spread in fragmented landscape. As such, it will give deeper insights into species traits and landscape features that lead to establishment and spread success and may be key to preventing new incursions and the development of efficient monitoring, surveillance, control or eradication programs.
Restricted gene flow between resident Oncorhynchus mykiss and an admixed population of anadromous steelhead
Authors: Matala Andrew P. , Allen Brady , Narum Shawn R. , Harvey Elaine 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe species Oncorhynchus mykiss is characterized by a complex life history that presents a significant challenge for population monitoring and conservation management. Many factors contribute to genetic variation in O. mykiss populations, including sympatry among migratory phenotypes, habitat heterogeneity, hatchery introgression, and immigration (stray) rates. The relative influences of these and other factors are contingent on characteristics of the local environment. The Rock Creek subbasin in the middle Columbia River has no history of hatchery supplementation and no dams or artificial barriers. Limited intervention and minimal management have led to a dearth of information regarding the genetic distinctiveness of the extant O. mykiss population in Rock Creek and its tributaries. We used 192 SNP markers and collections sampled over a 5‐year period to evaluate the temporal and spatial genetic structures of O. mykiss between upper and lower watersheds of the Rock Creek subbasin. We investigated potential limits to gene flow within the lower watershed where the stream is fragmented by seasonally dry stretches of streambed, and between upper and lower watershed regions. We found minor genetic differentiation within the lower watershed occupied by anadromous steelhead (FST = 0.004), and evidence that immigrant influences were prevalent and ubiquitous. Populations in the upper watershed above partial natural barriers were highly distinct (FST = 0.093) and minimally impacted by apparent introgression. Genetic structure between watersheds paralleled differences in local demographics (e.g., variation in size), migratory restrictions, and habitat discontinuity. The evidence of restricted gene flow between putative remnant resident populations in the upper watershed and the admixed anadromous population in the lower watershed has implications for local steelhead productivity and regional conservation.
Variation in fine‐scale genetic structure and local dispersal patterns between peripheral populations of a South American passerine bird
Authors: Botero‐Delgadillo Esteban , Quirici Verónica , Poblete Yanina , Cuevas Élfego , Kuhn Sylvia , Girg Alexander , Teltscher Kim , Poulin Elie , Kempenaers Bart , Vásquez Rodrigo A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe distribution of suitable habitat influences natal and breeding dispersal at small spatial scales, resulting in strong microgeographic genetic structure. Although environmental variation can promote interpopulation differences in dispersal behavior and local spatial patterns, the effects of distinct ecological conditions on within‐species variation in dispersal strategies and in fine‐scale genetic structure remain poorly understood. We studied local dispersal and fine‐scale genetic structure in the thorn‐tailed rayadito (Aphrastura spinicauda), a South American bird that breeds along a wide latitudinal gradient. We combine capture‐mark‐recapture data from eight breeding seasons and molecular genetics to compare two peripheral populations with contrasting environments in Chile: Navarino Island, a continuous and low density habitat, and Fray Jorge National Park, a fragmented, densely populated and more stressful environment. Natal dispersal showed no sex bias in Navarino but was female‐biased in the more dense population in Fray Jorge. In the latter, male movements were restricted, and some birds seemed to skip breeding in their first year, suggesting habitat saturation. Breeding dispersal was limited in both populations, with males being more philopatric than females. Spatial genetic autocorrelation analyzes using 13 polymorphic microsatellite loci confirmed the observed dispersal patterns: a fine‐scale genetic structure was only detectable for males in Fray Jorge for distances up to 450 m. Furthermore, two‐dimensional autocorrelation analyzes and estimates of genetic relatedness indicated that related males tended to be spatially clustered in this population. Our study shows evidence for context‐dependent variation in natal dispersal and corresponding local genetic structure in peripheral populations of this bird. It seems likely that the costs of dispersal are higher in the fragmented and higher density environment in Fray Jorge, particularly for males. The observed differences in microgeographic genetic structure for rayaditos might reflect the genetic consequences of population‐specific responses to contrasting environmental pressures near the range limits of its distribution.
Consequences of the genetic threshold model for observing partial migration under climate change scenarios
Authors: Cobben Marleen M. P. , van Noordwijk Arie J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMigration is a widespread phenomenon across the animal kingdom as a response to seasonality in environmental conditions. Partially migratory populations are populations that consist of both migratory and residential individuals. Such populations are very common, yet their stability has long been debated. The inheritance of migratory activity is currently best described by the threshold model of quantitative genetics. The inclusion of such a genetic threshold model for migratory behavior leads to a stable zone in time and space of partially migratory populations under a wide range of demographic parameter values, when assuming stable environmental conditions and unlimited genetic diversity. Migratory species are expected to be particularly sensitive to global warming, as arrival at the breeding grounds might be increasingly mistimed as a result of the uncoupling of long‐used cues and actual environmental conditions, with decreasing reproduction as a consequence. Here, we investigate the consequences for migratory behavior and the stability of partially migratory populations under five climate change scenarios and the assumption of a genetic threshold value for migratory behavior in an individual‐based model. The results show a spatially and temporally stable zone of partially migratory populations after different lengths of time in all scenarios. In the scenarios in which the species expands its range from a particular set of starting populations, the genetic diversity and location at initialization determine the species’ colonization speed across the zone of partial migration and therefore across the entire landscape. Abruptly changing environmental conditions after model initialization never caused a qualitative change in phenotype distributions, or complete extinction. This suggests that climate change‐induced shifts in species’ ranges as well as changes in survival probabilities and reproductive success can be met with flexibility in migratory behavior at the species level, which will reduce the risk of extinction.
Influence of littoral periphyton on whole‐lake metabolism relates to littoral vegetation in humic lakes
Authors: Vesterinen Jussi , Devlin Shawn P. , Syväranta Jari , Jones Roger I. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe role of littoral habitats in lake metabolism has been underrated, especially in humic lakes, based on an assumption of low benthic primary production (PP) due to low light penetration into water. This assumption has been challenged by recent recognition of littoral epiphyton dominance of whole‐lake PP in a small highly humic lake and of epiphyton as an important basal food source for humic lake biota. However, as these studies have mostly concerned single lakes, there is a need to test their wider generality. We studied the whole‐lake PP and community respiration (CR) in eight small humic lakes in southern Finland during July 2015 using 14C incorporation to measure pelagic PP and the changes in dissolved inorganic carbon in light and dark in situ incubations to measure CR and littoral PP by epiphyton. Changes in O2 concentration in both pelagic and littoral surface water were measured periodically from each lake and, additionally, continuously with a data logger from one lake during the study period. The results revealed that the littoral dominated whole‐lake net primary production (NPP) in five of the eight lakes, which was supported by observed O2 supersaturation in the littoral surface water in most of the lakes. Calculated pelagic:littoral ratios by area correlated negatively with both littoral NPP and littoral contribution to whole‐lake NPP. Moreover, there was a significant positive relationship between littoral proportion of whole‐lake NPP and the fraction of lake surface area covered by littoral aquatic vegetation. This demonstrates that increased aquatic littoral vegetation cover increases the overall importance of the littoral to whole‐lake PP in highly humic lakes. Littoral NPP also correlated strongly with littoral O2 saturation, and the continuously measured O2 revealed substantial temporal variation in O2 saturation, particularly in the littoral zone. Whole‐lake gross primary production:community respiration (GPP:CR) ratios revealed that accounting for littoral metabolism produced a marked shift towards lake metabolic balance, although all the eight lakes remained net heterotrophic. This study emphasizes that littoral metabolism needs to be accounted for when estimating whole‐lake C fluxes in all lakes, even in highly colored humic waters.