bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sonographic Appearance of the Normal Appendix in Adults
Authors: Yabunaka Koichi , Katsuda Toshizo , Sanada Shigeru , Fukutomi Tsunemasa 
Published: January 2017

ObjectivesTo evaluate the sonographic visualization of the normal adult appendix, a large series of sonographic images from consecutive asymptomatic patients was analyzed.MethodsA total of 788 consecutive adult patients (402 male and 386 female; median age ± SD, 51.1 ± 17.2 years; range, 16–91 years) were examined by appendiceal transabdominal sonography with tissue harmonic imaging. The detection rate, outer appendiceal diameter, intraluminal content, and location of the appendix were estimated. The overall normal appendix was separated into appendix‐visualized and appendix‐not‐visualized groups, which were then examined for the relationship with abdominal wall thickness, body mass index (in kilograms per square meter), age, and sex.ResultsThe normal appendix was detected in 388 (49.2%) of 788 patients. The outer appendiceal diameter ± SD was 4.27 ± 1.2 mm (range, 1.0–11.1 mm). In 291 (75%) of the 388 patients, appendices could be depicted in the intra‐luminal gas during sonography. The location of the appendix was classified according to the appendiceal tip, which was found to be abdominal in 37 (9.5%), pelvic in 291 (75%), retrocecal in 23 (6.0%), and a midline extension in 37 (9.5%). In both body mass index and abdominal wall thickness, significant differences were found between appendix‐visualized and appendix‐not‐visualized cases (P < .05). There was no significant difference in age (P = .37) or sex (P = .23) between appendix‐visualized and appendix‐not‐visualized cases.ConclusionsThe results show that the normal adult appendix can be revealed by sonographic visualization in a large series of asymptomatic patients.
Chronic Constipation as a Causative Factor for Development of Varicocele in Men
Authors: Turgut Ahmet T. , Özden Eriz , Koşar Pinar , Koşar Uğur , Çakal Başak , Karabulut Ayhan 
Published: January 2017

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine the role of chronic constipation in the etiopathogenesis of varicocele in men.MethodsIn this prospective study, group 1 included 25 male patients who had symptoms of chronic constipation for a mean duration ± SD of 17.0 ± 20.3 months (range, 3–96 months), and group 2 included 26 male subjects without any symptoms associated with constipation. All subjects were evaluated by both physical examination and scrotal ultrasonography. For the plexus pampiniformis (PP) veins, a mean diameter exceeding 2 mm and reflux for more than 1 second were accepted as suggestive findings for varicocele, as described previously.ResultsLeft varicocele was detected in 13 (52%) of the 25 patients in group 1 and in 5 (19%) of the 26 subjects in group 2 (P = .02). The mean diameters of the left PP veins were 2.58 ± 0.97 mm (range, 1.2–4.3 mm) in group 1 and 1.71 ± 0.53 mm (range, 1.0–3.0 mm) in group 2 (P < .001). A significant difference was detected between the two groups for varicocele prevalence and the mean diameter of the left PP veins.ConclusionsChronic constipation is a significant causative factor for the development of left varicocele, which may be attributable to the accompanying distention of the sigmoid colon and distal part of the descending colon, with resultant compression of the left testicular vein in the retroperitoneum. Therefore, we propose routine ultrasonographic examinations for the possible development of varicocele in men with chronic constipation.
Sonographic Measurement of Thyroid Volumes in Healthy Chinese Infants Aged 0 to 12 Months
Authors: Yao Dan , He Xue , Yang Ru-Lai , Jiang Guo-Ping , Xu Yan-Hua , Zou Chao-Chun , Zhao Zheng-Yan 
Published: January 2017

ObjectivesThe purposes of this study were to determine thyroid volumes in healthy Chinese infants aged 0 to 12 months and to provide reference data for normal thyroid growth.MethodsA total of 408 healthy infants (229 male and 179 female) were enrolled in the study. The length, breadth, and depth of the thyroid gland were measured with sonography. The volume of each lobe was calculated by the correct ellipsoid formula (volume = length × breadth × depth × 0.479).ResultsAll of the infants' thyroids showed a normal uniform echo texture on sonography. The thyroid volume increased with age (r = 0.519; P < .001). Moreover, positive associations were noted between thyroid volume and height and weight (r = 0.517; P < . 001; r = 0.499; P < .001, respectively). No significant differences based on sex were found (t = 1.784; P = .075).ConclusionsThe thyroid volumes in these healthy Chinese infants varied from those reported in the published literature on healthy European infants. It is important to establish local reference ranges for thyroid volumes in healthy infants.
Gray Scale and Power Doppler Study of Biopsy‐Proven Kikuchi Disease
Authors: Yoo Jung Lim , Suh Sang-il , Lee Young Hen , Seo Hyung Suk , Kim Kyoung Min , Shin Bong Kyung , Song Joon Young , Seol Hae Young 
Published: January 2017

ObjectivesKikuchi disease is a benign, self‐limiting cause of cervical lymphadenopathy. It can show sonographic features similar to those of other common causes of lymphadenopathy. The purpose of this study was to characterize the sonographic features of Kikuchi disease that can contribute in differentiating between Kikuchi disease and other diseases causing cervical lymphadenopathy.MethodsSonographic findings of 175 patients with biopsy‐proven Kikuchi disease were retrospectively reviewed. The mean age of the patients was 27.3 years, and the female to male ratio was 3.5:1. All patients had undergone sonographically guided core biopsy. Pathologic findings were classified into proliferative (n = 57), necrotizing (n = 109), and xanthomatous (n = 9) types. On gray scale sonography, lymph nodes were assessed by their size, shape (shortest/longest axis ratio), location, echogenicity, presence of conglomeration, gross necrosis, calcification, echogenic nodal hilum, and increased perinodal echogenicity. The vascular pattern was assessed on power Doppler imaging.ResultsThe mean maximum diameter of the lymph nodes was 1.6 cm. Forty‐four percent of them (77 of 175) were oval (shortest/longest axis ratio, 0.5–0.7) and 48% (84 of 175) were elongated (shortest/longest axis ratio, <0.5). Most were located in levels II and V. Seventeen lymph nodes showed gross necrosis, and none showed calcification. One hundred fifty‐two lymph nodes (86.8%) had an echogenic hilum, and 76% (133 of 175) showed increased perinodal echogenicity. Increased perinodal echogenicity was seen in 93.5% of the necrotizing type (102 of 109) and 43.8% of the proliferative type (25 of 57); the difference between the two types was statistically significant (P = .001). Normal (n = 161), displaced (n = 13), and absent (n = 1) hilar vascularity was seen on power Doppler studies.ConclusionsSonographic findings of Kikuchi disease can contribute to the differentiation between Kikuchi disease and other causes of cervical lymphadenopathy.
A visita domiciliar em diálise peritoneal: aspectos relevantes ao cuidado de enfermagem The home visit in peritoneal dialysis: relevant aspects to nursing care
Authors: Cunha Lidiane Passos , Silva Frances Valéria Costa e , Santos Felipe Kaezer dos , Pires Ariane da Silva , Leone Denise Rocha Raimundo , Silva Luana Christina Souza da 
Published: January 2017

Objetivos: Descrever a visita domiciliar (VD) em diálise peritoneal (DP) a partir do olhar dos usuários que ingressam em diálise peritoneal ambulatorial e discutir o significado da VD para tais sujeitos. Método: Investigação de natureza qualitativa, exploratório-descritiva, teve como cenário o ambulatório de DP de um hospital público. Os sujeitos foram sete pessoas tratadas através da DP e quatro familiares. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada. Resultados: Da análise de conteúdo do material emergiram duas categorias: I) Caracterizando a visita domiciliar a partir da ótica dos usuários que realizam Diálise Peritoneal e de seus familiares e II) Percebendo a visita domiciliar: dimensão subjetiva dos usuários que realizam Diálise Peritoneal e de seus familiares. Conclusão: A VD é um momento rico de interação enfermeiro e usuário e uma grande ferramenta para a otimização do cuidado com o indivíduo em seu domicílio. Descritores: Enfermagem, Visita domiciliar, Diálise peritoneal, Nefrologia.
Avaliação da adesão à terapia antirretroviral em pacientes com AIDS Evaluation of adherence to antiretroviral therapy for AIDS patients
Authors: Silva Richardson Augusto Rosendo da , Nelson Ana Raquel Cortês , Duarte Fernando Hiago da Silva , Prado Nanete Caroline da Costa , Holanda Jose Rebberty Rodrigo , Costa Danyella Augusto Rosendo da Silva 
Published: January 2017

RESUMO:Objetivo: Avaliar a adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral de pacientes com AIDS. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal e descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa realizado em um Centro de referência de doenças infectocontagiosas em Natal/RN, no período de agosto de 2010 a julho de 2011. Coletaram-se os dados por meio dos prontuários, questionário, e registro de dispensação da farmácia. Resultados: Dos 402 pacientes estudados, 70,2% eram do gênero masculino, com média de 35 anos, e 90,0% apresentou tempo de contaminação de 1 a 5 anos. Observou-se que apenas 30% dos pacientes aderiram adequadamente ao tratamento. Conclusão: A adesão encontrada está aquém do preconizado na literatura, para aumentar a adesão à terapia antirretroviral (TARV) é indispensável a realização de estratégias de conscientização e envolvimento do usuário. Descritores: Adesão à Medicação; Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade; Infecções por HIV. ABSTRACT:Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate adherence to antiretroviral treatment for AIDS patients. Method: This is a quantitative study, field,and descriptive, at Reference Center for infectious diseases in Natal/RN, from August 2010 to July 2011. Data were collected through medical records, interviews and the pharmacy dispensing records.Results: Participated in the study 402 patients, among whom (70.2%) were male, the mean age was 35 years, and 90.0 had been diagnosed of HIV infection between 1 to 5 years. It was observed that 30% of the patients adhered to treatment. Conclusion: The Adherence in the present study are lower than those recommended in the literature, to increase adherence to ART is essential to carry out strategies to increase awareness and user engagement. Descriptors: Medication Adherence; Antiretroviral Therapy; HIV Infections. RESUMEN: Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral para pacientes con SIDA.Método: Estudio de carácter cuantitativo, campo, llevado a cabo en un centro de referencia para las enfermedades infecciosas en Natal / RN, de agosto 2010 a julio 2011. Se recogieron los datos a través de gráficos, cuestionarios y registros de farmacia dispensadora.Resultados: De los 402 pacientes estudiados (70,2%) eran varones, con una media de 35 años, y el 90,0% mostraron contaminación momento 1-5 años. Se observó que el 30% de los pacientes se adhirió al tratamiento. Conclusión: La adherencia se encuentra más baja que las recomendadas en la literatura, para aumentar la adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral es esencial para llevar a cabo las estrategias para aumentar el conocimiento y la participación de los usuarios. Descriptores:Cumplimiento de la Medicación; Terapia Antirretroviral Altamente Activa; Infecciones por VIH.
Como o enfermeiro líder se comunica no hospital: uma análise das práticas discursivas How leader nurse communicates in a hospital: an analysis of discursive practices
Authors: Faria Camila Cortez de , Santos Mayra Cristina Martins dos , Luz Nadia Carolline , Pereira Laiane de Fátima , Lima Rogério Silva , Haddad Jerusa Gomes Vasconcelos 
Published: January 2017

Objetivo: Compreender como os enfermeiros percebem a comunicação no exercício da liderança. Métodos: Estudo de abordagem qualitativa, do tipo exploratório e descritivo com corte transversal. Foram entrevistados 13 enfermeiros assistenciais de uma instituição hospitalar. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista, com uso de roteiro semi-estruturado. Para organização e análise dos dados utilizou-se o referencial teórico-metodológico da análise das práticas discursivas. O estudo recebeu parecer favorável pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa (Parecer nº. 476.254). Resultados: O uso da comunicação na liderança do enfermeiro é importante na condução da equipe, porém apresentou uma perspectiva unidirecional, mantendo a relação líder/subordinado. Conclusão: A comunicação se configura, predominantemente, como processo hierárquico, unidirecional, pouco aberto à dialogicidade e voltado para manutenção da ordem do trabalho no hospital, reproduzindo os pressupostos da administração clássica e pautada na divisão técnica e social da profissão.
O processo de trabalho em um ambulatório de oncologia na percepção dos técnicos de enfermagem The process of working in an oncology outpatient clinic in the perception of the nursing technical team
Authors: Aguiar Ana Maria Zanoti , Lima Eliane de Fátima Almeida , Coelho Maria Carlota Rezende , Massaroni Leila 
Published: January 2017

Objetivo: descrever como a equipe técnica de Enfermagem percebe e relata o processo de trabalho em um Ambulatório de Oncologia. Método: Estudo qualitativo, os dados foram obtidos por meio da utilização de grupo focal e analisados através da modalidade de Análise de Conteúdo. Resultado: A partir da análise dos relatos das participantes emergiu a seguinte categoria: (re) organização do trabalho em equipe. Foram estabelecidas as unidades de análise para organizar e sequenciar as discussões: Entraves na Rede de Atenção à Saúde; Organização do trabalho centrado no profissional; Assistência fornecida ao paciente como personagem central; Dificuldade na articulação entre os micro processos realizada no Ambulatório. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o trabalho é exercido de forma fragmentada e que o processo de trabalho se reorganiza, alterando seus componentes, porém mantendo o mesmo produto.Descritores: Processo de Trabalho em Saúde, Trabalho em Enfermagem, Trabalho.
Pós-operatório em cirurgia cardíaca: refletindo sobre o cuidado de enfermagem Postoperative in cardiac surgery: reflecting about nursing care
Authors: Barretta Jeana Cristina , De Auda Jéssica Maria , Antoniolli Daiane , Barancelli Marcia Domênica Cunico 
Published: January 2017

Objetivo: Conhecer os cuidados de enfermagem ao paciente pós-operatório de cirúrgica cardíaca, com ou sem circulação extracorpórea. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada na base de dados BIREME e Scielo. Resultados: A maioria dos artigos científicos, foi desenvolvida por profissionais de enfermagem, 7 (60%), seguidos por desenvolvimento do profissional médico com 5 (40%) artigos científicos. Observa-se que a maioria dos artigos científicos foi publicada em 2012, por profissionais de Enfermagem, desenvolvidas com analise quantitativa e qualitativa. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a sistematização de assistência de enfermagem é de extrema importância desde o período pré-operatório até pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca e dentre os meios de alternativos para recuperação de dano cardiovascular, o procedimento com circulação extracorpórea, embora acarrete algumas complicações, ainda é o mais efetivo. Descritores: Cirurgia Cardíaca, Cuidado, Enfermagem.
Conhecimento sobre plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos de agentes comunitários de saúde de Ijuí/RS Knowledge on medicinal plants and herbal medicines by community health agents of Ijuí/RS
Authors: Schiavo Morgana , Schwambach Karin Hepp , Colet Christiane de Fátima 
Published: January 2017

Objetivo: avaliar o conhecimento sobre plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos por Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS) em uma ESF do Município de Ijuí/RS. Método: estudo transversal, quanti-qualitativo, com 13 ACS. A coleta de dados ocorreu em abril de 2014, e a análise de dados quantitativos foi feita através de estatística descritiva. Já os dados qualitativos foram apresentados através do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo.Resultados: o principal entendimento dos ACS sobre fitoterapia está relacionado ao uso de plantas medicinais. Todos concordam com a disponibilização de plantas e fitoterápicos no SUS, e prestam informações quanto ao modo de preparo e armazenamento das plantas. Também acreditam que o uso incorreto de plantas pode causar riscos à saúde.Conclusão: existe uma lacuna de conhecimento a respeito da fitoterapia pelos ACS. A fitoterapia pode e deve ser considerada como um campo de interação de saberes e práticas que valoriza e considera os recursos culturais, práticas e saberes locais, com o envolvimento dos profissionais da equipe de saúde.
Midlatitude land surface temperature impacts the timing and structure of glacial maxima
Authors: Thomas Elizabeth K. , Clemens Steven C. , Sun Youbin , Huang Yongsong , Prell Warren , Chen Guangshan , Liu Zhengyu , Loomis Shannon 
Published: January 2017

AbstractOrbitally modulated insolation is thought to be among the key mechanisms driving ice sheet change. Yet, late Pleistocene ice sheets attained maximum marginal extents prior to summer insolation minima, suggesting that additional mechanisms influenced ice growth and decay. Continuous orbital‐scale terrestrial temperature records can help define the role that temperature near ice sheet margins plays on the timing and structure of glacial maxima. We hypothesize, based on a 360 kyr long air temperature record from the Chinese Loess Plateau and shorter records from North America and Europe, that midlatitude terrestrial temperature influenced the rate of ice sheet growth prior to and during glacial maxima; cold conditions prior to glacial maxima enhanced ice sheet growth, while warming during glacial maxima inhibited further growth, despite low summer insolation. Thus, the midlatitude surface energy budget may be an important component of understanding and modeling ice volume, particularly for intervals prior to and during glacial maxima, when ice sheet margins reached midlatitudes.
Observed cold filaments associated with mesoscale eddies in the South China Sea
Authors: Li Jiaxun , Wang Guihua , Zhai Xiaoming 
Published: January 2017

AbstractUnusual cold filaments are uncovered during the spring intermonsoon season in the South China Sea (SCS) using a suite of satellite observations. They have a width of about 100 km on average and extend several hundreds of kilometers offshore on the sea surface, providing significant cross‐shelf transport of heat and nutrients. The eastward current associated with mesoscale eddies in spring in the western SCS found to play an important role in the filament formation by advecting coastal cold waters far offshore. The meridional location of the cold filament displays considerable interannual variability ranging between 9°N and 18°N, which can be attributed to the interannual south‐north shift of the eastward current associated with eddies. It is also found that in the spring, cold filaments have profound effects on the chlorophyll a concentration in the upper ocean as well as the overlying atmosphere. These findings provide new insights into the role of eddies in cross‐shelf exchange and mesoscale air‐sea interaction in the marginal seas.
GXXXG‐Mediated Parallel and Antiparallel Dimerization of Transmembrane Helices and Its Inhibition by Cholesterol: Single‐Pair FRET and 2D IR Studies
Authors: Yano Yoshiaki , Kondo Kotaro , Watanabe Yuta , Zhang Tianqi O. , Ho Jia‐Jung , Oishi Shinya , Fujii Nobutaka , Zanni Martin T. , Matsuzaki Katsumi 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSmall‐residue‐mediated interhelical packings are ubiquitously found in helical membrane proteins, although their interaction dynamics and lipid dependence remain mostly uncharacterized. We used a single‐pair FRET technique to examine the effect of a GXXXG motif on the association of de novo designed (AALALAA)3 helices in liposomes. Dimerization occurred with sub‐second lifetimes, which was abolished by cholesterol. Utilizing the nearly instantaneous time‐resolution of 2D IR spectroscopy, parallel and antiparallel helix associations were identified by vibrational couplings across helices at their interface. Taken together, the data illustrate that the GXXXG motif controls helix packing but still allows for a dynamic and lipid‐regulated oligomeric state.
Macromolecular Design Strategies for Preventing Active‐Material Crossover in Non‐Aqueous All‐Organic Redox‐Flow Batteries
Authors: Doris Sean E. , Ward Ashleigh L. , Baskin Artem , Frischmann Peter D. , Gavvalapalli Nagarjuna , Chénard Etienne , Sevov Christo S. , Prendergast David , Moore Jeffrey S. , Helms Brett A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIntermittent energy sources, including solar and wind, require scalable, low‐cost, multi‐hour energy storage solutions in order to be effectively incorporated into the grid. All‐Organic non‐aqueous redox‐flow batteries offer a solution, but suffer from rapid capacity fade and low Coulombic efficiency due to the high permeability of redox‐active species across the battery's membrane. Here we show that active‐species crossover is arrested by scaling the membrane's pore size to molecular dimensions and in turn increasing the size of the active material above the membrane's pore‐size exclusion limit. When oligomeric redox‐active organics (RAOs) were paired with microporous polymer membranes, the rate of active‐material crossover was reduced more than 9000‐fold compared to traditional separators at minimal cost to ionic conductivity. This corresponds to an absolute rate of RAO crossover of less than 3 μmol cm−2 day−1 (for a 1.0 m concentration gradient), which exceeds performance targets recently set forth by the battery industry. This strategy was generalizable to both high and low‐potential RAOs in a variety of non‐aqueous electrolytes, highlighting the versatility of macromolecular design in implementing next‐generation redox‐flow batteries.
Hydrodehalogenation of Haloarenes by a Sodium Hydride–Iodide Composite
Authors: Ong Derek Yiren , Tejo Ciputra , Xu Kai , Hirao Hajime , Chiba Shunsuke 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA simple protocol for hydrodebromination and ‐deiodination of halo(hetero)arenes was enabled by sodium hydride (NaH) in the presence of lithium iodide (LiI). Mechanistic studies showed that an unusual concerted nucleophilic aromatic substitution operates in the present process.
Controlling Irregular Migration in the Asia‐Pacific: Is Australia Acting against its Own Interests?
Authors: Larking Emma 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAustralia invests heavily throughout the Asia‐Pacific region in mechanisms to control irregular people movements. Information has been leaked about conditions in the notorious detention centres on Nauru and Manus Island, and aspects of the Bali Process are well known and publicised, but the nature and extent of much of Australia's investment have not been widely aired or scrutinised. This article canvasses the range of Australia's engagement in irregular migration controls and discusses how policies initiated by it have influenced policies developed by other countries. The article considers the implications of Australia's irregular migration control efforts in the context of other forms of regional engagement. It points to inconsistency between Australia's irregular migration regime and other law and justice programs. It also considers the impact of the irregular migration regime on regional relationships and stability, and for the rule of law.