bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Three‐Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in the Quantification of Myocardial Iron Overload in Patients with Beta‐Thalassemia Major
Authors: Li Shu‐juan , Hwang Yu‐yan , Ha Shau‐yin , Chan Godfrey C.F. , Mok Amanda S.P. , Wong Sophia J. , Cheung Yiu‐fai 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundThe new three‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3DSTE) may enable comprehensive quantification of global left ventricular (LV) myocardial mechanics.MethodsTwenty‐four patients aged 29.3 ± 5.2 years and 22 controls were studied. 3DSTE was performed to assess LV 3D global strain, twist and torsion, ejection fraction, and systolic dyssynchrony index (SDI). The LV SDI was calculated as % of SD of times‐to‐peak strain of 16 segments/RR interval. The global performance index (GPI) was calculated as (global 3D strain·torsion)/SDI. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated to determine the capability of 3DSTE parameters to discriminate between patients with (cardiac magnetic resonance T2* <20 ms) and those without myocardial iron overload.ResultsCompared with controls, patients had significantly lower LV global 3D strain (P < 0.001), twist (P = 0.01), torsion (P = 0.04), and ejection fraction (P < 0.001) and greater SDI (P < 0.001). The GPI was lower in patients than controls (P < 0.001). T2* value correlated positively with global 3D strain (r = 0.74, P < 0.001) and GPI (r = 0.63, P = 0.001), and negatively with SDI (r = −0.44, P = 0.03). The AUCs of GPI, global 3D strain, ejection fraction, torsion, and 1/SDI were 0.94, 0.90, 0.87, 0.82, and 0.70, respectively. The GPI cutoff of 2.7°/cm had a sensitivity of 94.9% and a specificity of 88.9% of differentiating patients with from those without myocardial iron overload.ConclusionsThe LV composite index of strain, torsion, and dyssynchrony derived from 3DSTE enables sensitive detection of myocardial iron overload in patients with thalassemia.
Partner choice through concealed floral sugar rewards evolved with the specialization of ant–plant mutualisms
Authors: Chomicki Guillaume , Staedler Yannick M. , Schönenberger Jürg , Renner Susanne S. 
Published: May 2016

Summary

Obligate mutualisms require filtering mechanisms to prevent their exploitation by opportunists, but ecological contexts and traits facilitating the evolution of such mechanisms are largely unknown.

We investigated the evolution of filtering mechanisms in an epiphytic ant–plant symbiotic system in Fiji involving Rubiaceae and dolichoderine ants, using field experiments, metabolomics, X‐ray micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) scanning and phylogenetics.

We discovered a novel plant reward consisting of sugary sap concealed in post‐anthetic flowers only accessible to Philidris nagasau workers that bite through the thick epidermis. In five of the six species of Rubiaceae obligately inhabited by this ant, the nectar glands functioned for 10 d after a flower's sexual function was over. Sugar metabolomics and field experiments showed that ant foraging tracks sucrose levels, which only drop at the onset of fruit development. Ontogenetic analyses of our focal species and their relatives revealed a 25‐fold increase in nectary size and delayed fruit development in the ant‐rewarding species, and Bayesian analyses of several traits showed the correlated evolution of sugar rewards and symbiosis specialization.

Concealed floral nectar forestalls exploitation by opportunists (generalist ants) and stabilizes these obligate mutualisms. Our study pinpoints the importance of partner choice mechanisms in transitions from facultative to obligate mutualisms.
Effects of interstimulus intervals on behavioral, heart rate, and event‐related potential indices of infant engagement and sustained attention
Authors: Xie Wanze , Richards John E. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMaximizing infant attention to stimulus presentation during an EEG or ERP experiment is important for making valid inferences about the neural correlates of infant cognition. The present study examined the effects of stimulus presentation interstimulus interval (ISI) on behavioral and physiological indices of infant attention including infants' fixation to visual presentation, the amount of heart rate (HR) change during sustained attention, and ERP components. This study compared an ISI that is typically used in infant EEG/ERP studies (e.g., 1,500–2,000 ms) with two shorter durations (400–600 ms and 600–1,000 ms). Thirty‐six infants were tested cross‐sectionally at 3, 4.5, and 6 months. It was found that using the short (400–600 ms) and medium (600–1,000 ms) ISIs resulted in more visually fixated trials and reduced frequency of fixation disengagement per experimental block. We also found larger HR changes during sustained attention to both of the shorter ISIs compared with the long ISI, and larger ERP responses when using the medium ISI compared to using the short and long ISIs. These data suggest that utilizing an optimal ISI (e.g., 600–1,000 ms), which increases the presentation complexity and provides sufficient time for information processing, can promote infant engagement and sustained attention during stimulus presentation.
Metabolites in stored platelets associated with platelet recoveries and survivals
Authors: Zimring James C. , Slichter Sherrill , Odem‐Davis Katherine , Felcyn Jacob R. , Kapp Linda M. , Bell Lauren N. , Gunst P. Ross , Corson Jill , Jones Mary Kay , Pellham Esther , Bailey S. Lawrence , Fu Xiaoyun 
Published: May 2016

BACKGROUNDTransfusion of platelets (PLTs) is a common therapy in a number of clinical settings. However, it is well understood that there is substantial donor‐to‐donor variation in how well PLTs store and thus the quality of the products that are transfused. The basis of such variation is poorly understood, and there are limited metrics by which units of PLTs can be assessed for their posttransfusion performance. It has repeatedly been demonstrated that myriad biologic changes take place during PLT storage; however, which of the changes correlate with quality of the stored PLTs and/or are mechanistically involved in PLT function remains undetermined.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSThe current study tested stored PLTs from 21 normal subjects, combining high‐resolution metabolomics of stored PLTs with in vivo PLT recoveries and survivals. Both individual analytes and metabolic pathways that correlate with posttransfusion PLT viability were identified.RESULTSCaffeine metabolites were associated with poor PLT recovery; caffeine metabolism was not ongoing in the PLT bag and remained at prestorage levels. Acylcarnitines, particular fatty acid metabolites, and oxidized fatty acids were associated with poor PLT survivals. Of the myriad metabolic changes during PLT storage, these are the first reported metabolic findings to begin distinguishing which changes are of functional importance regarding posttransfusion PLT performance.CONCLUSIONSTogether, these findings provide novel mechanistic insights into the functional biology of the PLT storage lesion as well as identifying potential targets for modifying donor environment (e.g., caffeine consumption) and also metrics of quality assessment for stored human PLTs.
A Marca Pós-Moderna: Poder e Fragilidade da Marca na Sociedade Contemporânea
Authors: Plascak Nicole 
Published: May 2016

resenha do livroSEMPRINI, Andrea. A Marca Pós-Moderna: Poder e Fragilidade da Marca na Sociedade Contemporânea. São Paulo : Estação das Letras, 2006.
Literatura e publicidade: interfaces estéticas para um conhecimento sensível sobre o mundo
Authors: Trindade Eneus 
Published: May 2016

Resenha do livroCARRASCOZA, João Anzanello e SANTARELLI, Christiane. Tramas Publicitárias. Narrativas ilustradas de momentos marcantes da publicidade. São Paulo: Ed. Ática. 2009. 127p.
Thermal behavior of modified poly(L-lactic acid): effect of aromatic multiamide derivative based on 1H-benzotriazole
Authors: Cai Yan-Hua , Zhao Li-Sha 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The goal of this work was to synthesis a novel aromatic multiamide derivative based on 1H-benzotriazole (PB) as an organic nucleating agent for poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA), and investigate the effect of PB on the non-isothermal crystallization, melting behavior and thermal decomposition of PLLA. Here, PB was firstly synthesized through 1H-benzotriazole aceto-hydrazide and terephthaloyl chloride, then PB-nucleated PLLA was fabricated via melt-blending technology at various PB concentration from 0.5 wt% to 3 wt%. Finally, the thermal performances were evaluated through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The high thermal decomposition temperature of PB indicated that PB possessed possibility as a nucleating agent for PLLA, and the non-isothermal crystallization behavior confirmed the crystallization accelerating effectiveness of PB for PLLA. Upon optimum concentration of 2 wt%, the onset crystallization temperature, the crystallization peak temperature and the non-isothermal crystallization enthalpy increased from 101.4°C, 94.5°C and 0.1 J·g-1 to 121.3°C, 115.8°C and 35.1 J·g-1, respectively. In addition, the non-isothermal crystallization behavior was also affected by the cooling rate and the final melting temperature. The melting behavior further evidenced the advanced nucleating ability of PB, and the competitive relationship between PB and the heating rate, the nuclear rate and crystal growth rate. Thermal stability measurement showed that PB with a concentration of 1 wt%–2 wt% could slightly improve the thermal stability of PLLA.
Study Addiction: A Cross-Cultural Longitudinal Study Examining Temporal Stability and Predictors of Its Changes
Authors: Atroszko Paweł Andrzej , Andreassen Cecilie Schou , Griffiths Mark D. , Pallesen Ståle 
Published: May 2016

Background and aims
“Study addiction” has recently been conceptualized as a behavioral addiction and defined within the framework of work addiction. Using a newly developed measure to assess this construct, the Bergen Study Addiction Scale (BStAS), the present study examined the 1-year stability of study addiction and factors related to changes in this construct over time, and is the first longitudinal investigation of study addiction thus far.

Methods
The BStAS and the Ten Item Personality Inventory were administered online together with questions concerning demographics and study-related variables in two waves. In Wave 1, a total of 2,559 students in Norway and 2,177 students in Poland participated. A year later, in Wave 2, 1,133 Norwegians and 794 Polish, who were still students completed the survey.

Results
The test–retest reliability coefficients for the BStAS revealed that the scores were relatively stable over time. In Norway, scores on the BStAS were higher in Wave 2 than in Wave 1, whereas in Poland, the reverse pattern was observed. Learning time outside classes at Wave 1 was positively related to escalation of study addiction symptoms over time in both samples. Being female and scoring higher on neuroticism was related to an increase in study addiction in the Norwegian sample only.

Conclusions
Study addiction appears to be temporally stable, and the amount of learning time spent outside classes predicts changes in study addiction 1 year later.
Análise sobre a formação agronômica em interface com a agroecologia de acadêmicos do curso de Agronomia, no IFMT – Campus Campo Novo do Parecis
Authors: Campos A. G. , Carbo L. , Silva J. L. , Mello G. J. , Senra R. E. F. 
Published: May 2016

<p>O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o processo de formação de acadêmicos do curso de Agronomia do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Mato Grosso, <em>Campus </em>Campo Novo do Parecis, sobre o tema Agroecologia, buscando diagnosticar perfil, concepções e identificar as percepções do tema para a vida profissional. Quanto à forma de abordagem houve uma mescla entre os métodos quantitativos e qualitativos. Os instrumentos utilizados na coleta de dados foram a análise documental (plano de curso e matriz curricular) e questionário. Da conclusão, destacam-se a ausência de uma conceituação teórica bem fundamentada em relação à abrangência da proposta agroecológica, e, boa percepção sobre a relevância da temática, onde os acadêmicos manifestaram de forma geral grande preocupação com a questão da sustentabilidade para o futuro da agricultura. Percebeu-se ainda, que o plano de curso da instituição é politicamente bem discutido, porém, na estrutura curricular de sua matriz, não fica contemplado efetivamente todos os critérios necessários à formação do agrônomo no quesito sustentabilidade.</p><p><strong><em>Analysis on the agronomic training in Agroecology interface of course scholars of Agronomy, in IFMT – Campus Campo Novo do Parecis</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the process of formation of students of Agronomy at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso, <em>Campus</em> Campo Novo do Parecis on the theme Agroecology, seeking to diagnose profile, identify the perceptions and conceptions theme for professional life. As for how to approach was a mix between quantitative and qualitative methods. The instruments used in data collection were document analysis (course plan and syllabus) and questionnaire. Conclusion, we highlight the absence of a well-grounded theoretical conceptualization regarding the scope of the agroecological proposal, and good insight into the relevance of the theme, where academics have expressed great concern about the general issue of sustainability for the future of agriculture. It was noticed also that the course plan of the institution is politically well discussed, however, the curricular structure of your matrix is not effectively covered all necessary to the formation of an agricultural sustainability criteria in the category</p>
Avaliação da cinética de secagem da carambola em secador convectivo
Authors: Leite Daniela Dantas de Farias , Pereira Emmanuel Moreira , Albuquerque Aline Pacheco , Mendes Francisco De Assis , Alexandre Hofsky Vieira 
Published: May 2016

A carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.) é tida como uma das frutas de grande potencial, por ser fonte de compostos essenciais para a nutrição dos seres humanos. A grande parte das perdas pós-colheita de frutas deve-se ao despreparo das pessoas do ramo da agroindústria e consumidores. A secagem é o processo comercial mais utilizado para preservar e aumentar a vida útil do produto alimentício convertendo-os em produtos mais estáveis. Diante disso, o objetivo desse trabalho foi de obter curvas de secagem de carambola em um secador convectivo e, a partir dessas curvas, obter dados de taxa de secagem. As carambolas foram lavadas, higienizadas, minimamente processadas em fatias de 1 cm de espessura e colocadas imediatamente nas bandejas para secagem. Utilizou-se um secador convectivo para o experimento, nas temperaturas de 60, 70 e 80 °C e velocidade do ar de secagem de 1,5 m s-1. As pesagens foram realizadas até que as variações de massa fossem insignificantes e, em seguida, as amostras foram colocadas em estufa, a uma temperatura de 105 ºC por 24 h, para determinação da matéria seca. Para o ajuste matemático das curvas de secagem dos resíduos foram utilizadas as equações de Henderson, Lewis e Page ajustadas com o auxílio do programa computacional Statistica, versão 5.0. O melhor ajuste deu-se ao modelo de Page, seguido de Lewis e Henderson, apresentando os melhores R2. Carambola (star fruit) drying kinetics evaluation in convective dryerAbstract: The carambola (star fruit) (Averrhoa carambola L.) is considered one of the great potential of fruit, being source of compounds essential for the nutrition of humans. A large part of post-harvest fruit losses due to the unpreparedness of the people's branch of the agro-industry and consumers. Drying is the most widely used commercial process to preserve and extend the life of the food product by converting them into more stable products. Thus, the aim was to get carambola (star fruit) drying curves in a convective dryer and from these curves, get drying rate data. The cannons were washed, sanitized, minimally processed into 1 cm thick slices and placed immediately in the trays for drying. We used a convection dryer for the experiment at temperatures of 60, 70 and 80 °C, and drying air velocity of 1.5 m s-1. The weighings were carried out until the mass variations were insignificant, and then the samples were placed in a greenhouse at a temperature of 105 °C for 24 h to determine dry matter. For mathematical adjustment of waste drying curves were used the equations of Henderson, Lewis and Page set with the help of the software Statistica, version 5.0. The best fit was given to the Page model, followed by Lewis and Henderson, presenting the best R2.
A multiple‐scale assessment of long‐term aspen persistence and elevational range shifts in the Colorado Front Range
Authors: Bretfeld Mario , Franklin Scott B. , Peet Robert K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAspen forests and woodlands are some of the most species‐rich forest communities in the northern hemisphere. Changing climate, altered disturbance regimes, land use, and increased herbivore pressure threaten these forests both in Eurasia and North America. In addition, rapid mortality dubbed “Sudden Aspen Decline” is a concern for aspen's long‐term presence in the western United States, especially Colorado and Utah. Yet it is still unclear whether aspen is persistent or declining at the landscape scale. We assessed aspen persistence at different spatial scales in the Colorado Front Range by resampling 89 plots containing aspen from among 305 vegetation plots sampled by Robert Peet during 1972–1973. We hypothesized that aspen density and basal area had decreased at the landscape scale, with notable variability in change depending on the forest community type, and that this overall decrease has been more pronounced at lower elevations. We also assessed elevational range shifts of the major species in these forests. Aspen were no longer present in 22 of the 89 plots and aspen density for stems less than 2.5 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) had declined significantly overall, although density of medium (2.5–10 cmDBH) and large (>10 cmDBH) trees, as well as basal area, had not changed significantly. A comparison between montane (<2700 m elevation) and subalpine (2700–3500 m elevation) plots revealed that the decrease was more pronounced at higher elevations and was mostly the result of substantial decreases of stems in the eleven plots that were part of Peet's aspen‐dominated “Populus tremuloidesseries.” In these plots, aspen basal area decreased significantly whereas basal area ofAbies bifolia,Picea engelmannii,Pinus contorta, andPseudotsuga menziesiiincreased substantially. Upslope shifts were observed for most species, especially on northeast facing slopes, suggesting climate‐related responses. In summary, aspen have been resilient in mixed forests and may be beneficiaries of recent bark beetle epidemics, but have decreased and been subject to successional transitions in previously aspen‐dominated stands. Our results confirm the importance of region‐specific, multiple‐scale assessments of species persistence to make best management recommendations.
Twenty‐four years after the Yellowstone Fires: Are postfire lodgepole pine stands converging in structure and function?
Authors: Turner Monica G. , Whitby Timothy G. , Tinker Daniel B. , Romme William H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDisturbance and succession have long been of interest in ecology, but how landscape patterns of ecosystem structure and function evolve following large disturbances is poorly understood. After nearly 25 years, lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) forests that regenerated after the 1988 Yellowstone Fires (Wyoming, USA) offer a prime opportunity to track the fate of disturbance‐created heterogeneity in stand structure and function in a wilderness setting. In 2012, we resampled 72 permanent plots to ask (1) How have postfire stand structure and function changed between 11 and 24 yr postfire, and what variables explain these patterns and changes? (2) How has landscape‐level (among‐stand) variability in postfire stand structure and function changed between 11 and 24 yr postfire? We expected to see evidence of convergence beginning to emerge, but also that initial postfire stem density would still determine trajectories of biomass accumulation. After 24 yr, postfire lodgepole pine density remained very high (mean = 21,738 stems/ha, range = 0–344,067 stems/ha). Stem density increased in most plots between 11 and 24 yr postfire, but declined sharply where 11‐yr‐postfire stem density was >72,000 stems/ha. Stems were small in high‐density stands, but stand‐level lodgepole pine leaf area, foliage biomass, and live aboveground biomass increased over time and with increasing stem density. After 24 yr, mean annual lodgepole pine aboveground net primary production (ANPP) was high (mean = 5 Mg·ha−1·yr−1, range = 0–16.5 Mg·ha−1·yr−1). Among stands, lodgepole pine ANPP increased with stem density, which explained 69% of the variation; another 8% of the variation was explained by environmental covariates. Early patterns of postfire lodgepole pine regeneration, which were contingent on prefire serotiny and fire severity, remained the dominant driver of stand structure and function. We observed mechanisms that would lead to convergence in stem density (structure) over time, but it was landscape variation in functional variables that declined substantially. Stand structure and function have not converged across the burned landscape, but our evidence suggests function will converge sooner than structure.
Surgical Management of a Severe Early Implant Complication: A 19‐Year Follow‐Up Case Report
Authors: Hamdan Nader , Batista Felipe Correa , Batista Eraldo L. 
Published: May 2016

Introduction: Reports on long‐term response to treatment of different implant complications with a span of more than 15 years are scarce. This case report presents a patient with early severe bone loss around an unloaded dental implant, with treatment and 19‐year follow up.Case Presentation: A 60‐year‐old male non‐smoker with no known systemic contributory history presented for replacement of the mandibular right first molar. The tooth was replaced with a titanium plasma‐sprayed (TPS) implant using a non‐submerged healing approach. Eight weeks post‐surgery the patient reported discomfort in the area, followed by swelling, suppuration, and deep probing depths (PDs). A full‐thickness flap revealed a bone defect that was thoroughly debrided until its deepest extension. The implant surface was scaled and subjected to air‐powder treatment, followed by rubbing the TPS surface with a cotton pellet soaked in HCl‐tetracycline. Guided bone regeneration was accomplished with use of an allograft followed by placement of a non‐resorbable membrane. Follow‐up after 19 years showed stability of the bone gain and reduction of PDs.Conclusion: The 19‐year successful long‐term result calls attention to the potential benefit of the combined anti‐infective/regenerative approach and lasting effects of surgical management of early implant complications.
DA POLÍTICA DE DEUS. UM ENSAIO SOBRE DEMOCRACIA E RELIGIÃO
Authors: Filho José Bittencourt 
Published: May 2016

O conceito de participação política pertence ao plano da ação social. Sobretudo no seu uso pela ciência política, ele classifica um conjunto de atividades diretamente vinculadas a práticas específicas da democracia representativa ocidental. Assim sendo, observado em seus aspectos empíricos, irá refletir a maturidade ou não de uma realidade democrática dada. Nos países periféricos do capitalismo ocidental existe uma série de fatores que dificultam, quando não impedem, uma participação política satisfatória, que vão desde as taxas de analfabetismo e do tempo social ocupado com a obtenção da sobrevivência, até a carência de estruturas, institucionalizadas ou não, que favoreçam esse exercício de cidadania.