bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic Evaluation of a Novel Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in US Motor Vehicle Drivers
Authors: Cooper Jacie T. , Schneider John E. , Potenziano Jim , Fam David S. 
Published: September 2024

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects approximately 4.4% of US adults. ADHD is associated with high-risk driving behavior and costly motor vehicle accidents. DYANAVEL XR (DXR) (Tris Pharma, Inc.) is a once-daily fast-acting amphetamine developed for ADHD treatment. A randomized controlled trial showed that DXR patients were 43% less likely to crash during a driving simulation than individuals taking placebo. Study outcomes suggest a DXR crash rate similar to that of a driver without ADHD, while patients treated with the current standard of care (SOC) have a 52% higher crash risk than non-ADHD drivers. Objective: The aim was to evaluate the economic benefits attributable to improved driving abilities and avoided crashes in DXR patients compared with patients treated with the SOC or those who are untreated. Methods: A cost-impact model estimated 1-year crash-related cost outcomes for DXR-treated patients compared with SOC-treated and untreated ADHD patients. SOC was assumed to consist of a combination of short-, intermediate-, and long-acting ADHD stimulant and non-stimulant medications. DXR crash risk was assumed equivalent to the non-ADHD population risk, as supported by trial data. Crash risk for untreated and SOC-treated ADHD patients were assumed to be 99% and 52% higher than the general US population, respectively. Model outcomes included the cost impact (medication- and crash-related costs) and the number of crashes, injuries, and fatalities avoided with DXR. Results: Treatment with DXR would avoid 0.82 crashes, 0.016 injuries, and 0.036 fatalities per year compared with untreated patients, and 0.036 crashes, 0.007 injuries, and 0.0001 fatalities per year compared with SOC-treated patients. Compared with a population of 25% SOC-treated patients and 75% untreated patients, DXR use would save an average of $4581 per person per year across all age groups when priced at $80 per month, assuming all SOC-treated and untreated patients utilized DXR. When the value of quality-of-life improvement is considered, savings increase over 7-fold. Discussion: Outcomes suggest that DXR may be an economically beneficial treatment compared with SOC for ADHD patients. Conclusions: The economic model showed that DXR is cost-saving compared with no treatment and SOC by reducing the number of motor vehicle crashes in the ADHD population.
INCIDÊNCIA DA INSUFICIÊNCIA CARDÍACA NOS HOSPITAIS BRASILEIROS: UM ESTUDO EPIDEMIOLÓGICO
Authors: Guimarães Silva Mônica Juliana , Reis Nayra , Casella Monzini Rosas Giovanna , Macedo Paradis Rafael Joseph , Pereira de Brito João Pedro , Karen Mirelle Loula  , Dourado Mendonça Gabriela , Watanabe Dourado João Vitor , De Souza Brito Ian , Souza Nobre Victor , De Souza Nobre Flávia Milene , Atanazio Santos Suellen Cristina , Martins de Lima Oliveira Daniele 
Published: September 2024

Introdução: A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é um doença de caráter crônico, arrastado e progressivo causada pela inefetividade do miocárdio em bombear sangue rico em oxigênio necessário para a realização das atividades do corpo e órgãos vitais. A IC afeta a qualidade de vida de mais de 26 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo e, por isso, é considerada um problema de saúde pública. Esse artigo objetiva trazer uma análise quantitativa e temporal sobre as características epidemiológicas da IC no período de Janeiro de 2013 a Dezembro de 2023. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico embasados a partir dos dados do departamento de informação de saúde do SUS (Sistema Único de Saúde). As variáveis utilizadas foram: internações hospitalares, taxa de mortalidade, óbitos, faixa etária, sexo, caráter de atendimento e macrorregião de saúde, organizadas de acordo com o número de óbitos no decorrer dos anos, nas diferentes regiões. Ademais foi realizada uma revisão de literatura para embasar o estudo, utilizando as bases de dados: Science Direct, Medline, Pubmed, Lilacs e SciElo. Os descritores utilizados foram: Insuficiência cardíaca, epidemiologia e morbimortalidade. Resultados: 49.229 internações ocorreram por Insuficiência cardíaca entre indivíduos de menos de 1 ano a 80 e mais anos de idade, de ambos os sexos e de todas as regiões do Brasil. Ainda que a região Nordeste tenha sido a mais notificada quanto a quantidade de internações, a região Sul foi a região que obteve mais gastos hospitalares no país. A maior faixa-etária acometida foi entre 50 e 59 anos, sendo o ano de 2022 o campeão no número total de internações do período analisado. O número de óbitos foi maior na região Nordeste (46,5% dos casos). O sexo masculino foi o gênero mais afetado por essa patologia. Em relação à etnia, mais pacientes brancos são internados. Conclusão: a realização destes estudos é essencial para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas voltadas ao diagnóstico, tratamento e notificação adequada dos casos de Insuficiência Cardíaca no país. Por tratar-se de um estudo baseado em dados secundários, algumas limitações se fazem presentes, portanto, mais estudos epidemiológicos devem ser conduzidos.
Climate Bistability at the Inner Edge of the Habitable Zone due to Runaway Greenhouse and Cloud Feedbacks
Authors: Fan Bowen , Yang Da , Abbot Dorian S. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Understanding the climate dynamics at the inner edge of the habitable zone is crucial for predicting the habitability of rocky exoplanets. Previous studies using global climate models (GCMs) have indicated that planets receiving high stellar flux can exhibit climate bifurcations, leading to bistability between a cold (temperate) and a hot (runaway) climate. However, the mechanism causing this bistability has not been fully explained, in part due to the difficulty associated with inferring mechanisms from small numbers of expensive numerical simulations in GCMs. In this study, we employ a two-column (dayside and nightside), two-layer climate model to investigate the physical mechanisms driving this bistability. Through mechanism-denial experiments, we demonstrate that the runaway greenhouse effect, coupled with a cloud feedback on either the dayside or nightside, leads to climate bistability. We also map out the parameters that control the location of the bifurcations and size of the bistability. This work identifies which mechanisms and GCM parameters control the stellar flux at which rocky planets are likely to retain a hot, thick atmosphere if they experience a hot start. This is critical for the prioritization of targets and interpretation of observations by the James Webb Space Telescope. Furthermore, our modeling framework can be extended to planets with different condensable species and cloud types.
Goutte de la personne âgée : comment l’éduquer en Polynésie française ?
Authors: Boivin Reynald , Pascart Tristan , Oehler Erwan 
Published: September 2024

La goutte est une maladie associée au syndrome métabolique dont la prévalence en Polynésie française est la plus élevée au monde. Comme partout, sa prise en charge n’y est pourtant pas optimale. Outre la prise en charge médicamenteuse, l’éducation thérapeutique du patient (ETP) est primordiale, raison pour laquelle nous avons créé un programme d’ETP au Centre hospitalier de Polynésie française. Nous discuterons de l’élaboration de celui-ci dans le contexte particulier polynésien ainsi que de ses résultats dans la population des patients de 60 ans et plus.
Adapter le soin psychiatrique au vieillissement de la population à La Réunion
Authors: Malvoisin Stéphanie , Cesano Sophie , Gastrin Estelle , Lauret Ferdinand 
Published: September 2024

L’île de La Réunion, département et région d’Outre-mer (DROM), située à plus de 9 000 km de la France métropolitaine, va faire face à un véritable défi démographique avec un doublement de sa population âgée d’ici à 2050 et un triplement de la part des 75 ans et plus. C’est un défi d’autant plus complexe à relever que cette population présente plus de comorbidités qu’en Métropole, une perte d’autonomie plus précoce et une plus grande précarité. Cependant, des atouts existent et des solutions innovantes se construisent. L’UIGP, Unité Intersectorielle de GérontoPsychiatrie du CHU Sud Réunion, en fait partie. Tenant compte des spécificités du territoire et de la population, l’UIGP propose des solutions de soin psychiatrique adaptées aux besoins et enjeux du territoire, avec un déploiement de son intervention au plus près de la situation, dans l’aller-vers, la prise en compte de la systémie familiale et le soin aux aidants.
ANAAÏS : répit sur demande pour les proches aidants d’aînés en Guadeloupe
Authors: Viens Maude , Sabin Jean , Provencher Véronique 
Published: September 2024

Les proches aidants d’aînés (PAA) jouent un rôle essentiel dans le maintien à domicile. Il est donc important de leur offrir du répit. Par contre, les services de répit demeurent peu utilisés, notamment de par leur manque de flexibilité. Pour répondre à cette problématique, l’Association Aidons nos Aînés et nos Aidants a mis sur pied le projet ANAAÏS pour le développement et l’implantation d’une plateforme de demande de répit en ligne en Guadeloupe. Le présent article vise à décrire l’implantation pilote de la plateforme : décrire les caractéristiques sociodémographiques des usagers, décrire l’usage de la plateforme et explorer la satisfaction des usagers. Les méthodes de collecte incluent un questionnaire sociodémographique, l’enregistrement de données générées par la plateforme et un questionnaire d’appréciation en ligne. La plateforme ANAAÏS a été utilisée par 36 dyades et 7 relayeurs. La majorité des PAA (74 %) sont des femmes âgées de 65 ans et plus. Le temps moyen des interventions était de 2 à 3 heures (285 interventions sur les 6 mois). Tous les PAA ont indiqué qu’ils feraient appel au service à nouveau ou le recommanderaient. Le développement de la plateforme ANAAÏS contribue donc à l’accessibilité des services d’intervention à domicile, notamment de répit flexible.
Approches territoriales du « problème » du vieillissement en Martinique
Authors: Ferné Myrtille 
Published: September 2024

Alors que les politiques de vieillesse en Martinique ont d’abord été conçues dans une logique de conformité aux normes hexagonales, les acteurs politico-institutionnels locaux se sont récemment réapproprié les termes du « problème » du vieillissement accéléré de la population martiniquaise, affichant une volonté de territorialiser davantage les solutions publiques pour y faire face. Le matériau empirique, collecté dans le cadre d’un doctorat réalisé en Convention Industrielle de Formation par la Recherche (CIFRE) avec la Collectivité Territoriale de Martinique (CTM) auprès d’acteurs chargés de la définition et de la mise en œuvre des politiques de vieillesse (grâce à des entretiens approfondis réalisés entre 2019 et 2022, des discours publics enregistrés in situ ou repérés sur internet), montre que ces derniers envisagent les enjeux démographiques et gérontologiques comme une occasion de revendiquer davantage d’autonomie au nom d’une « spécificité » martiniquaise réaffirmée, dans un contexte où l’action publique et les marges d’adaptation aux logiques territorialisées sont encore largement conditionnées par les structures idéologiques et institutionnelles de l’État. Ce faisant, l’ambivalence historique entre conformité et différenciation vis-à-vis du cadre national est réactualisée, témoignant du rapport de subordination de la périphérie au centre, hérité d’un passé colonial irrésolu.
Pandémie et rapport au temps : « On a plus de temps pour se regarder dans le miroir »
Authors: Raymond Émilie , Rivest Frédérique , Demers Sylvie , Beauchamp Julie , Milot Élise 
Published: September 2024

Les discours visant à soutenir le vieillissement actif des personnes aînées, notamment par le biais de leur participation à des activités récréatives, bénévoles ou civiques, occupent une place prééminente dans le champ des études en gérontologie. Toutefois, dès le début de la pandémie de Covid-19 au Québec, les personnes de 70 ans et plus ont été invitées à suspendre leurs activités extérieures au domicile. Comment les personnes aînées membres d’une organisation associative ou communautaire ont-elles vécu les mesures sanitaires décrétées par le gouvernement du Québec à partir de mars 2020 ? Comment la situation pandémique s’est-elle inscrite dans leur quotidien ? Voilà les deux questions auxquelles souhaitait répondre le projet de recherche. Une approche narrative mobilisant la théorie du parcours de vie a été utilisée afin de recueillir les récits de 52 personnes aînées au sujet de leur expérience de cette période. Le rapport au temps et à l’âge ressort comme un thème central de l’analyse du contenu des données collectées. Les résultats remettent en question les représentations mettant l’accent sur la vulnérabilité des personnes aînées durant la pandémie de Covid-19. Ils permettent d’éclairer la manière dont ces dernières créent, à partir de leurs conditions de vie et de leur subjectivité, des espaces d’agentivité et de résistance par rapport aux contraintes sanitaires structurelles et, plus largement, aux prescriptions sociales relatives au vieillissement.
Human ACE2 Gene Replacement Mice Support SARS-CoV-2 Viral Replication and Nonlethal Disease Progression
Authors: Thiede Joshua M , Dick Jenna K , Jarjour Nicholas N , Krishna Venkatramana D , Qian Lily , Sangala Jules , Benzow Kellie , Karanjeet Kul , Chin Shine , Rainwater Orion , Cheeran Maxim C-J , Hogquist Kristin A , Jameson Stephen C , Hart Geoffrey T , Bold Tyler D , Koob Michael D 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Many mouse models of SARS-CoV-2 infection involve expression of the human ACE2 protein, the entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, in mouse tissues. However, most of these models suffer from nonphysiological regulation of ACE2 expression, which can lead to atypically severe infections and aberrant sites of viral replication. In this report, we developed and characterized an ACE2 gene replacement (ACE2-GR) mouse strain in which the mouse Ace2 genomic locus was replaced by the entire human ACE2 gene locus, and we investigated the ability of these animals to respond to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We show that ACE2-GR mice support SARS-CoV-2 viral replication, but, in stark contrast to the widely used K18-hACE2 transgenic model, this infection leads to a mild disease with no detectable involvement of the CNS. Thus, ACE2-GR mice provide a novel, to our knowledge, model to explore immune responses and long-term consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Association between Neural Plasticity and Pain-Related Fear in Chronic Ankle Instability: A Structural Neuroimaging Study
Authors: Zhang Yuwen , Xue Xiao’ao , Guo Guangxin , Cao Rongqian , Yu Le , Tao Weichu , Pan Siqi , Hua Yinghui , Wang He 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context
Pain-related movement fear is a contributing factor to residual pain and functional deficits in chronic ankle instability (CAI), but its underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear.

Objectives
We aimed to (1) delineate whether participants with CAI exhibit discernible differences in specific emotion and pain-related brain regions, compared to a healthy control (HC) cohort and (2) explore potential neural mechanisms underlying pain and fear in participants with CAI, with an emphasis on investigating possible associations with pain-related neural plasticity.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
University research laboratory

Patients or Other Participants
28 participants with CAI (17males and 11 females; age: 31.28±6.31 years) and 28 HCs (16 males and 12 females; age: 30.18±7.59 years).

Main Outcome Measure(s)
We analyzed T1 structural imaging data from participants and assessed their fear of movement and pain intensity using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, respectively. We compared the mean gray matter (GM) density of pain-related area between the two groups and their correlations with the TSK and VAS scores.

Results
In comparison with the HC group, participants with CAI showed a significant decrease in the mean GM density in the prefrontal cortex (Cohen’s d = -0.808) and periaqueductal gray (Cohen’s d = -0.934). In participants with CAI, the mean GM density of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) was negatively correlated with the TSK scores (r = -0.531). During intense exercise, the mean GM density of the periaqueductal gray (PAG) was negatively correlated with the VAS scores (r = -0.484). Additionally, TSK scores were positively correlated with VAS scores (r = 0.455).

Conclusions
Our exploratory findings suggest that, in participants with CAI, the atrophy of the PFC and PAG may be associated with pain-related fear. Future clinical diagnosis and treatment for CAI should consider the impact of psychological barriers on functional recovery.
Considerations of Throwing Athletes With Upper Extremity Injury When Completing the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE): A Report From the Athletic Training Practice-Based Research Network
Authors: Huxel Bliven Kellie C. , Bay R. Curtis , Pavelski Kayla A. , Snyder Valier Alison R. 
Published: September 2024

Context
The Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) is a widely used patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure that provides an efficient but limited view of patient perceptions of health. Knowledge of what throwing athletes with upper extremity injury consider when answering the SANE would inform score interpretation and increase its value for clinical decision-making in this patient population.

Objective
To investigate the global rating of the SANE and its ability to capture constructs of health reflected in PRO measures that are commonly used in throwing athletes with upper extremity sport-related injury.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Retrospective database review.

Patients or Other Participants
De-identified patient records of baseball and softball athletes diagnosed with upper extremity sport-related injury between October 2009 and June 2021 were reviewed.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Primary outcomes were scores on the SANE; Functional Arm Scale for Throwers total; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand total; and Global Rating of Daily Activities. The first administration of all PROs that patients completed postinjury was analyzed as a potential predictor of SANE scores. The proportion of variance uniquely accounted for in the SANE by each predictor (R2) variable was estimated.

Results
Fifty-five patients completed PRO measures. The Functional Arm Scale for Throwers total uniquely accounted for 32.9% (P &lt; .001), the Global Rating of Daily Activities uniquely accounted for 11.6% (P &lt; .001), and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand total uniquely accounted for 4.6% (P = .036) of the variance in the SANE score. Overall, the predictors accounted for 49.2% of the variance in the SANE score (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Given that the SANE captures multiple constructs of health, it may be useful in gathering a quick, broad view of throwing athletes’ perception of their health. When SANE scores suggest diminished health, then multi-item PROs should be considered to further explore constructs of health most affected.
Health-Promoting Behaviors and Their Associations With Factors Related to Well-Being Among Former National Football League Players: An NFL-LONG Study
Authors: Walton Samuel R. , Carneiro Kevin A. , Smith-Ryan Abbie E. , Stoner Lee , Kerr Zachary Yukio , Brett Benjamin L. , Chandran Avinash , DeFreese J. D. , Mannix Rebekah , Lempke Landon B. , Echemendia Ruben J. , McCrea Michael A. , Guskiewicz Kevin M. , Meehan William P. 
Published: September 2024

Context
Understanding former professional football players’ engagement with health-promoting behaviors (physical exercise, high-quality diet, and good sleep hygiene) will be helpful for developing lifestyle interventions to improve their feelings of well-being, a relatively understudied facet of health among this population.

Objective
Examine associations among health-promoting behaviors and subjective outcomes related to well-being among former National Football League (NFL) players.

Design
Cross-sectional.

Setting
Online or hard-copy survey.

Patients or Other Participants
Former NFL players.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Self-reported health-promoting behaviors (exercise frequency, diet quality, and sleep duration and disturbance) and factors related to well-being (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System - Meaning and Purpose [MP], Self-Efficacy, and Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Activities [SRA]). Multivariable linear regression models were fit for each well-being-related factor with health-promoting behaviors as explanatory variables alongside select demographic, behavioral, and functional covariates. Models were fit for the full sample and separately for individual age groups: &lt;30 years, 30 to 39 years, 40 to 49 years, 50 to 59 years, 60 to 69 years, and 70+ years.

Results
A total of 1784 former NFL players (aged 52.3 ± 16.3 years) completed the survey. Lower sleep disturbance was associated with better MP (β [standard error] = –0.196 [0.024]), Self-Efficacy (β [standard error] = –0.185 [0.024]), and SRA (β [standard error]= –0.137 [0.017]) in the full sample and almost all the individual age groups. More frequent moderate-to-vigorous exercise was associated with higher MP (β [standard error] = 0.068 [0.025]) and SRA (β [standard error] = 0.151 [0.065]) in the full sample and with better MP, Self-Efficacy, and SRA among select middle-aged groups (between 40 and 69 years old). Diet quality, resistance training exercise frequency, other wellness activity frequency, and sleep duration were not associated with well-being-related factors in the full group, and sparse significant associations were observed in individual age group models.

Conclusion
Lower sleep disturbance and more frequent moderate-to-vigorous exercise frequency may be important targets for improving overall health and well-being among former NFL players.
An application of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions and golden circle in entrepreneurship education
Authors: Thetsane Regina M. , Meyer Dario , Chambwe Michael 
Published: September 2024

Background: Entrepreneurship education has become an important issue worldwide, originating mainly in the United States (US) and the United Kingdom (UK). Different methods have been used to teach entrepreneurship, often without considering local circumstances, which is particularly important in sub-Saharan Africa with its diverse cultures. Therefore, comparing the impact of cultural differences in teaching entrepreneurship education in Western Europe and sub-Saharan African countries is crucial to overcoming such challenges.Aim: This article aims to compare the impact of cultural differences in teaching entrepreneurship education in Western Europe and sub-Saharan African countries with the aim of designing appropriate entrepreneurship education programmes and approaches to the specific cultural contexts.Setting: The study compares the impact of cultural differences in Western Europe (US and UK) and sub-Saharan African countries.Methods: A literature review descriptive study of the impact of cultural differences in teaching entrepreneurship education in Western Europe and sub-Saharan Africa was adopted. Secondary analysis using Hofstede’s cultural dimensions’ model was used for analysis.Results: The main cultural differences are in the dimensions of individualism versus collectivism and power distance. Incorporating team-based learning and focusing on business ideas with a positive collective impact in sub-Saharan Africa can lead to more effective entrepreneurship education.Conclusion: It is crucial to adapt entrepreneurship education approaches to the specific cultural contexts of regions. Using a framework with four guide questions for whom, why, what and how can support the development of programmes.Contribution: Future education programmes can be designed based on a proposed golden circle.