bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deoxyelephantopin induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells via oxidative stress, NF‐κB inhibition and mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Mehmood Tahir , Maryam Amara , Zhang He , Li Yongming , Khan Muhammad , Ma Tonghui 
Published: September 2016

AbstractDeoxyelephantopin (DET), a naturally occurring sesquiterpene lactone present in Chinese medicinal herb, Elephantopus scaber has been shown to exert anti‐inflammatory as well as anticancer effects in various cancer cells of human origin in vitro. However, the exact molecular mechanism underlying DET‐induced apoptosis remains largely unexplored, particularly in human hepatocellular carcinoma G2 (HepG2) cells. In the present study, we found that DET inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells in a dose‐dependent manner. This DET‐mediated apoptosis was found to be associated with reactive oxygen species generation, glutathione depletion and decreased activity of thioredoxin reductase, mitochondrial membrane potential disruption, Bcl‐2 family proteins modulation, cytochrome c release, caspases‐3 activation, PARP cleavage and inhibition of NF‐κB activation. DET inhibited the constitutive as well as induced‐translocation of NF‐κB into nucleus and augmented the apoptotic effect of Gemcitabine. IKK‐16 (NF‐κB inhibitor) further enhanced the cytotoxicity of DET and gemcitabine indicating that DET induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells at least partially through inhibition of NF‐κB activation. Further mechanistic study demonstrated that DET inhibits the translocation of constitutive as well as induced‐NF‐κB into nucleus by decreasing phosphorylation of IкBα. Moreover, pretreatment of cells with 3 mM NAC reversed DET‐mediated cell death and NF‐κB inhibition, indicating that DET exerts its anticancer effects mainly through oxidative stress. Therefore, DET may be developed into a lead chemotherapeutic drug as a single agent or in combination with clinical drugs for the effective treatment of liver cancer. © 2016 BioFactors, 43(1):63–72, 2017
A DNA Circuit for IsomiR Detection
Authors: Connolly Ashley R. , Hirani Rena , Ellis Amanda V. , Trau Matt 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA synthetic DNA oligonucleotide has been programmed to function as a biological circuit to detect 5′‐IsomiRs. The circuit consists of two integrated DNA switches. The first is “activated” when a DNA probe is enzymatically modified by a reverse transcriptase that incorporates nucleotides complementary to the 5′‐region of a microRNA (miRNA). Addition of the correct number and sequence of nucleotides enables the probe to assemble into an asymmetric DNA hairpin. The reconfigured hairpin probe then primes an internal polymerisation reaction, resulting in the synthesis of a symmetrical DNA hairpin. This activates the second switch, which then initiates the amplification of reverse‐transcribed miRNA through a continuous cycle of DNA nicking and polymerisation. The DNA circuit enables sensitive and rapid detection of femtomoles of a miRNA transcript under isothermal conditions.
Scalable Synthesis of Acidic Mesostructured Silica–Carbon Nanocomposite Catalysts by Rotary Evaporation
Authors: Zhong Ruyi , Peng Li , Iacobescu Remus Ion , Pontikes Yiannis , Shu Riyang , Ma Longlong , Sels Bert F. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA practical and scalable synthesis for the mass production of well‐ordered mesoporous silica–carbon composites by using a fast rotary‐evaporation‐induced self‐assembly method in the absence of any additional support is presented.
Solvation Effect Facilitates Ion Transfer across Water/1,2‐Dichloroethane Interface
Authors: Nsabimana Jacques , Nestor Uwitonze , Girma Girum , Pamphile Ndagijimana , Zhan Dongping , Tian Zhong‐Qun 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIon transfer across the interface between two immiscible electrolytes can produce a Faraday current involving non‐redox reactions, which is useful for both ion detection and phase‐transfer catalysis. To decrease the transfer energy and improve the selectivity, artificial ligands are needed, which are usually unavailable because of the difficulty in the synthesis. Herein, we demonstrate that the solvation effect can act as the driving force for ion transfer across the micropipette‐supported water/1,2‐dichloroethane interface, including the anions SO42−, NO3−, NO2−, CO32−, and so forth. The thermodynamic properties are discussed, including the diffusion coefficients, Gibbs energy of ion transfer, stoichiometric ratios, and apparent association constants. Meanwhile, the research also provides a method to investigate the solvation effect.
From Ion‐Like Ethylzinc Aluminates to [EtZn(arene)2]+[Al(ORF)4]− Salts
Authors: Petersen Thies Olaf , Simone Dustin , Krossing Ingo 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAttempts to prepare previously unknown simple and very Lewis acidic [RZn]+[Al(ORF)4]− salts from ZnR2, AlR3, and HO−RF delivered the ion‐like RZn(Al(ORF)4) (R=Me, Et; RF=C(CF3)3) with a coordinated counterion, but never the ionic compound. Increasing the steric bulk in RZn+ to R=CH2CMe3, CH2SiMe3, or Cp*, thus attempting to induce ionization, failed and led only to reaction mixtures including anion decomposition. However, ionization of the ion‐like EtZn(Al(ORF)4) compound with arenes yielded the [EtZn(arene)2]+[Al(ORF)4]− salts with arene=toluene, mesitylene, or o‐difluorobenzene (o‐DFB)/toluene. In contrast to the ion‐like EtZn(η3‐C6H6)(CHB11Cl11), which co‐crystallizes with one benzene molecule, the less coordinating nature of the [Al(ORF)4]− anion allowed the ionization and preparation of the purely organometallic [EtZn(arene)2]+ cation. These stable materials have further applications as, for example, initiators of isobutene polymerization. DFT calculations to compare the Lewis acidities of the zinc cations to those of a large number of organometallic cations were performed on the basis of fluoride ion affinity. The complexation energetics of EtZn+ with arenes and THF was assessed and related to the experiments.
Chemistry and Biology of HPAs: A Family of Ceramide Trafficking Inhibitors
Authors: Berkeš Dušan , Daïch Adam , Santos Cécile , Ballereau Stéphanie , Génisson Yves 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn 2001, two years before the disclosure of the CERT‐associated Cer transfer machinery, N‐(3‐hydroxy‐1‐hydroxymethyl‐3‐phenylpropyl)alkanamides (HPAs) were described as the first, and to date unique, family of intracellular Cer trafficking inhibitors. The dodecanamide derivative, HPA‐12, turned out to be a benchmark as a cellular inhibitor of CERT‐mediated de novo sphingomyelin biosynthesis. In only 15 years after its first disclosure, this compound has prompted a growing number of biological and chemical studies. Its initial chemical development closely paralleled the study of the CERT protein. It was only after its structural revision in 2011 that HPA‐12 received broad attention from the synthetic chemistry community, leading to novel analogues with enhanced protein binding. This Minireview aims at presenting an exhaustive report of the syntheses of HPA‐12 and analogues. Biological activities of this CERT inhibitor and structure–activity relationships are also presented to afford a comprehensive overview of the chemistry and biology of the HPA series.
Synthesis, Characterization and Unusual Reactivity of Vinylbenziodoxolones—Novel Hypervalent Iodine Reagents
Authors: Stridfeldt Elin , Seemann Alexandra , Bouma Marinus J. , Dey Chandan , Ertan Anne , Olofsson Berit 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA novel type of hypervalent iodine(III) reagents, vinylbenziodoxolones (VBX), has been synthesized in a one‐pot reaction from 2‐iodobenzoic acid. VBX is bench stable, has been thoroughly characterized and the cyclic structure is supported by X‐ray analysis. The reactivity of VBX was investigated in vinylation of nitrocyclohexane, and delivered vinylated products with opposite regioselectivity compared to acyclic vinyl(aryl)iodonium salts. The reagents could become a powerful tool in vinylation reactions under both metal‐free and metal‐catalyzed conditions.
One‐Pot Halogen Dance/Negishi Coupling of Dibromothiophenes for Regiocontrolled Synthesis of Multiply Arylated Thiophenes
Authors: Okano Kentaro , Sunahara Kazuhiro , Yamane Yoshiki , Hayashi Yuki , Mori Atsunori 
Published: September 2016

AbstractOne‐pot halogen dance/Negishi cross‐coupling of readily available 2,5‐dibromothiophenes is described. A lithium diisopropylamide (LDA)‐mediated halogen dance reaction resulted in the formation of thermodynamically stable α‐lithiodibromothiophenes, which were transmetalated with ZnCl2 and subjected to Negishi cross‐coupling to provide the corresponding arylated dibromothiophenes in one pot. The resultant β‐bromo group was much less reactive than the remaining α‐bromo group, which was used in a one‐pot double Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling, enabling facile synthesis of multiply arylated thiophenes.
Principles and Design of a Zeeman–Sisyphus Decelerator for Molecular Beams
Authors: Fitch N. J. , Tarbutt M. R. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe explore a technique for decelerating molecules using a static magnetic field and optical pumping. Molecules travel through a spatially varying magnetic field and are repeatedly pumped into a weak‐field seeking state as they move towards each strong field region, and into a strong‐field seeking state as they move towards weak field. The method is time‐independent and so is suitable for decelerating both pulsed and continuous molecular beams. By using guiding magnets at each weak field region, the beam can be simultaneously guided and decelerated. By tapering the magnetic field strength in the strong field regions, and exploiting the Doppler shift, the velocity distribution can be compressed during deceleration. We develop the principles of this deceleration technique, provide a realistic design, use numerical simulations to evaluate its performance for a beam of CaF, and compare this performance to other deceleration methods.
Excellent Microwave Absorption and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide@MoS2/Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) Composites
Authors: Guo Ao‐Ping , Zhang Xiao‐Juan , Wang Shan‐Wen , Zhu Jia‐Qiang , Yang Lin , Wang Guang‐Sheng 
Published: September 2016

AbstractReduced graphene oxide (rGO)@MoS2 composites with a loose structure were prepared and added to poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) to form composites that showed superior microwave absorption and excellent electromagnetic interference shielding performances. The maximum reflection loss of the rGO@MoS2/PVDF composites, with a low filling rate (only 5.0 wt %), can reach −43.1 dB at 14.48 GHz, and the frequency bandwidth below −10 dB is 3.6–17.8 GHz (in the frequency range of 2–18 GHz) with a thickness of 1–5 mm. Furthermore, rGO@MoS2/PVDF composites with a higher filling rate (25 wt %) also exhibit outstanding electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness, reaching a maximum at 27.9 dB. The mechanism of enhanced absorption and electromagnetic interference shielding performances were also studied in detail.
Enhanced Adsorption Efficiency through Materials Design for Direct Air Capture over Supported Polyethylenimine
Authors: Sayari Abdelhamid , Liu Qing , Mishra Prashant 
Published: September 2016

AbstractUntil recently, carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) was regarded as the most promising technology to address the alarming increase in the concentration of anthropogenic CO2 in the atmosphere. There is now an increasing interest in carbon capture and utilization (CCU). In this context, the capture of CO2 from air is an ideal solution to supply pure CO2 wherever it is needed. Here, we describe innovative materials for direct air capture (DAC) with unprecedented efficiency. Polyethylenimine (PEI) was supported on PME, which is an extra‐large‐pore silica (pore‐expanded MCM‐41) with its internal surfaces fully covered by a uniform layer of readily accessible C16 chains from cetyltrimethylammonium (CTMA+) cations. The CTMA+ layer plays a key role in enhancing the amine efficiency toward dry or humid ultradilute CO2 (400 ppm CO2/N2) to unprecedented levels. At the same PEI content, the amine efficiency of PEI/PME was two to four times higher than that of the corresponding calcined mesoporous silica loaded with PEI or with different combinations of C16 chains and PEI. Under humid conditions, the amine efficiency of 40 wt % PEI/PME reached 7.31 mmol
/gPEI, the highest ever reported for any supported PEI in the presence of 400 ppm CO2. Thus, amine accessibility, which reflects both the state of PEI dispersion and the adsorption efficiency, is intimately associated with the molecular design of the adsorbent.
100 °C Thermal Stability of Printable Perovskite Solar Cells Using Porous Carbon Counter Electrodes
Authors: Baranwal Ajay K. , Kanaya Shusaku , Peiris T. A. Nirmal , Mizuta Gai , Nishina Tomoya , Kanda Hiroyuki , Miyasaka Tsutomu , Segawa Hiroshi , Ito Seigo 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMany efforts have been made towards improving perovskite (PVK) solar cell stability, but their thermal stability, particularly at 85 °C (IEC 61646 climate chamber tests), remains a challenge. Outdoors, the installed solar cell temperature can reach up to 85 °C, especially in desert regions, providing sufficient motivation to study the effect of temperature stress at or above this temperature (e.g., 100 °C) to confirm the commercial viability of PVK solar cells for industrial companies. In this work, a three‐layer printable HTM‐free CH3NH3PbI3 PVK solar cell with a mesoporous carbon back contact and UV‐curable sealant was fabricated and tested for thermal stability over 1500 h at 100 °C. Interestingly, the position of the UV‐curing glue was found to drastically affect the device stability. The side‐sealed cells show high PCE stability and represent a large step toward commercialization of next generation organic–inorganic lead halide PVK solar cells.
Graphene–Perovskite Solar Cells Exceed 18 % Efficiency: A Stability Study
Authors: Agresti Antonio , Pescetelli Sara , Taheri Babak , Del Rio Castillo Antonio Esaù , Cinà Lucio , Bonaccorso Francesco , Di Carlo Aldo 
Published: September 2016

AbstractInterface engineering is performed by the addition of graphene and related 2 D materials (GRMs) into perovskite solar cells (PSCs), leading to improvements in the power conversion efficiency (PCE). By doping the mesoporous TiO2 layer with graphene flakes (mTiO2+G), produced by liquid‐phase exfoliation of pristine graphite, and by inserting graphene oxide (GO) as an interlayer between the perovskite and hole‐transport layers, using a two‐step deposition procedure in air, we achieved a PCE of 18.2 %. The obtained PCE value mainly results from improved charge‐carrier injection/collection with respect to conventional PSCs. Although the addition of GRMs does not influence the shelf life, it is beneficial for the stability of PSCs under several aging conditions. In particular, mTiO2+G PSCs retain more than 88 % of the initial PCE after 16 h of prolonged 1 sun illumination at the maximum power point. Moreover, when subjected to prolonged heating at 60 °C, the GO‐based structures show enhanced stability with respect to mTiO2+G PSCs, as a result of thermally induced modification at the mTiO2+G/perovskite interface. The exploitation of GRMs in the form of dispersions and inks opens the way for scalable large‐area production, advancing the possible commercialization of PSCs.
Encapsulation of Perovskite Solar Cells for High Humidity Conditions
Authors: Dong Qi , Liu Fangzhou , Wong Man Kwong , Tam Ho Won , Djurišić Aleksandra B. , Ng Annie , Surya Charles , Chan Wai Kin , Ng Alan Man Ching 
Published: September 2016

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the group of Aleksandra B. Djurišić at the University of Hong Kong along with collaborators from the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, and South University of Science & Technology of China. The image shows outdoor testing performance of perovskite solar cells during summer in Hong Kong. The Full Paper itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.201600868.
Synthesis of Spherical ZnO Microcrystals by Laser Ablation in Air
Authors: NAKAMURA DAISUKE , TANAKA TOSHINOBU , IKEBUCHI TATSUYA , UEYAMA TAKESHI , HIGASHIHATA MITSUHIRO , OKADA TATSUO 
Published: September 2016

SUMMARYWe have succeeded in synthesizing the zinc oxide (ZnO) microspheres by laser ablation of a ZnO sintered target in air, and have demonstrated ultraviolet whispering‐gallery‐mode lasting from the sphere under ultraviolet pulsed laser excitation. In this study, we investigated the dependence of the laser fluence and the spot size on the growth of the ZnO microspheres. Large sizes of more than 30 μm microspheres were synthesized with increasing the laser fluence up to 440 J/cm2. Although undesired nanoparticles and fragments were also generated at high fluence and large ablation spot size, selective collection of the microspheres can be expected because of different emitting distributions of the microspheres and other fragments.
Preparation of Gold Submicron‐Sized Particles Using Laser Irradiation for Gold Nanoparticles Stabilized by Carbonate
Authors: TSUJI TAKESHI , TAKADE ISAMI , TSUJI MASAHARU , ISHIKAWA YOSHIE , KOSHIZAKI NAOTO 
Published: September 2016

SUMMARYLaser irradiation for colloidal gold nanoparticles stabilized by Na2CO3 was carried out to prepare submicron‐sized spherical particles of gold. The source gold nanoparticles stabilized by Na2CO3 (CO32−) were prepared using laser ablation in an aqueous solutions containing Na2CO3 and then nonfocused laser irradiation for the source nanoparticles was carried out to induce the agglomeration and fusion of the nanoparticles. Similarly to the case using the source nanoparticles stabilized by citrate, submicron particles were obtained. It was found that the formation process and size of the submicron particles strongly depend on the stabilizing reagents.
Large‐Volume Data Compression Using Compressed Sensing for Meteorological Radar
Authors: SHIMAMURA SHIGEHARU , KIKUCHI HIROSHI , MATSUDA TAKAHIRO , KIM GWAN , YOSHIKAWA EIICHI , NAKAMURA YOSHITAKA , USHIO TOMOO 
Published: September 2016

SUMMARYIn Japan, severe weather phenomena such as heavy rains and tornados sometimes cause meteorological disasters. In many cases, these are micro scale phenomena in the sense of spatial and temporal resolutions, which make it difficult to detect them with conventional meteorological radars due to their insufficient spatial and temporal resolutions. Therefore, we have been developing meteorological radars with high resolution and accuracy such as phased array radar (PAR) and Ku‐band broad band radar (BBR), and radar network systems consisting of multiple PARs and BBRs to realize further enhancement of the radar performance in terms of efficiency and accuracy. These high‐resolution radars, however, definitely produce large‐volume data, which is unacceptable in a current backbone information network. In order to solve this problem, in this paper, we tackle the compression of the large‐volume radar data by using Compressed sensing (CS), which can realize highly efficient data compression for sparse signals. When using CS, the radar data are compressed by projecting it onto a randomly generated subspace, and the compressed data are reconstructed by solving a simple ℓ1 optimization problem. We apply the CS‐based data compression scheme to measured radar reflectivity factor, and evaluate the relation between compression ratio and reconstruction accuracy. For the compression ratio of 0.3, rainfall rate calculated from the reconstructed radar reflectivity factor has a mean error of ‐0.89 mm/h with more than 30 dBZ precipitation.
Community trait structure in phytoplankton: seasonal dynamics from a method for sparse trait data
Authors: Edwards Kyle F. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe distribution of functional traits in communities, and how trait distributions shift over time and space, is critical information for understanding community structure, the maintenance of diversity, and community effects on ecosystem function. It is often the case that traits tightly linked to ecological performance, such as physiological capacities, are laborious to measure and largely unknown for speciose communities; however, these traits are particularly important for unraveling the mechanistic basis of community structure. Here I develop a method combining sparse trait data with a statistical niche model to infer trait distributions for phytoplankton communities and how they vary over 10 yr in the western English Channel. I find that community‐average nitrate affinity, light‐limited growth rate, and maximum growth rate all show major seasonal patterns, reflecting alternate limitation by light vs. nitrogen. Trait diversity exhibits a variety of patterns distinct from community trait means, which suggests complex regulation of functional diversity. Patterns such as these are important for predicting how ocean ecosystems will respond to global change, and for developing trait‐based models of emergent community structure. The statistical approach used here could be applied to any kind of organism, if it exhibits strong relationships between traits and statistical niche estimates.
Optimization of Cold Storage Efficiency in a Rankine‐Cycle‐Based Cold Energy Storage System
Authors: Du Yanping , Ding Yulong 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA 5 kW small‐scale cold energy storage (CES) system based on subcritical CO2 was studied by thermodynamic analysis. If off‐peak electricity is used to heat CO2 in the superheater, the predicted storage efficiency is 30–40 % if we consider the actual efficiencies of the key components in the CES system. In the ideal case, the maximum storage efficiency is as high as 43.9 %. The value of the storage efficiency is much larger and can be over 100 % if waste heat is utilized in the heater. The parametric study showed that the cold storage efficiency in the CES system was improved with an increase of the operating pressure and component efficiencies. The mass flow rate of CO2 and the temperature at the inlet of the engine had a negative contribution to the storage efficiency because of the increased electricity consumption in the superheater.
Detoxification of a triphenylmethane textile colorant using acclimated cells of Bacillus mannanilyticus strain AVS
Authors: Anil Kumar Madhava , Kamalraj Harthy Durai , Vinoth Kumar Vaidyanathan , Gowthami Balashri Kaliamurthy , Seenuvasan Muthulingam , Anuradha Dhanasekaran , Sivanesan Subramanian 
Published: September 2016

An indigenous bacterium, Bacillus mannanilyticus strain AVS from an acclimated mixed bacterial culture was screened to biotransform a triphenylmethane dye; methyl violet (MV). The strain was acclimated to MV structure and thus, the cells exhibited an average decolorization rate (ADR) of 69.44 μg min−1 with simultaneous reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) level (94%) when incubated for 24 h under static condition. The inducible extracellular oxidoreductases catalyzed MV biotransformation and produced metabolites which were devoid of chlorine. The phytotoxicity assays assessed the toxicity of the biotransformed products. This is the first report on TPM dye degradation and mineralization using B. mannanilyticus strain AVS. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 36: 394–403, 2017