bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Knee Osteochondritis Dissecans With a Cell-Free Biomimetic Osteochondral Scaffold: Clinical and Imaging Findings at Midterm Follow-up
Authors: Perdisa Francesco , Kon Elizaveta , Sessa Andrea , Andriolo Luca , Busacca Maurizio , Marcacci Maurilio , Filardo Giuseppe 
Published: November 2017

Background: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is a developmental condition of subchondral bone that may result in secondary separation and instability of the overlying articular cartilage, which in turn may lead to degeneration of the overall joint and early osteoarthritis. Biphasic scaffolds have been developed to address defects of the entire osteochondral unit by reproducing the different biological and functional requirements and guiding the growth of both bone and cartilage. Purpose: To evaluate midterm clinical and imaging results after cell-free osteochondral scaffold implantation for the treatment of knee OCD. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Twenty-seven patients (8 women, 19 men; mean age, 25.5 ± 7.7 years) were treated for knee OCD, with International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grade 3 to 4 lesions with a mean size of 3.4 ± 2.2 cm2 (range, 1.5-12 cm2), and prospectively evaluated for up to 5 years using the ICRS classification system and the Tegner score. Eighteen patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 24 and 60 months of follow-up, and the graft was evaluated using the magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) score for the cartilage layer, while a specific score was used for subchondral bone. Results: All patients significantly improved their clinical scores at each follow-up until their final evaluation. The mean International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective score improved from 48.4 ± 17.8 to 82.2 ± 12.2 at 2 years ( P < .0005), and it then remained stable for up to 5 years postoperatively (90.1 ± 12.0). The mean Tegner score increased from 2.4 ± 1.7 preoperatively to 4.4 ± 1.6 at 2 years ( P = .001), with a further increase up to 5.0 ± 1.7 at 5 years of follow-up ( P < .0005 vs preoperatively), reaching almost the preinjury level (5.7 ± 2.2). The MOCART score showed stable results between 24 and 60 months, whereas the subchondral bone status significantly improved over time. No correlation was found between MRI findings and clinical outcomes. Conclusion: This 1-step cell-free scaffold implantation procedure showed good and stable results for up to 60 months of follow-up for the treatment of knee OCD. MRI showed abnormalities, in particular at the subchondral bone level, but there was an overall improvement of features over time. No correlation was found between imaging and clinical findings.
Induction of Proteases in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis, the Role of ICAM-1/CD43 Interaction
Authors: Alkhamesi Nawar A. , Roberts Gretta , Ziprin Paul , Peck David H. , Darzi Ara W. 
Published: November 2017

IntroductionThe development of peritoneal metastases is a significant clinical issue in the treatment of abdominal cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. We have previously shown that ICAM-1-CD43 interaction plays a significant role in tumor adhesion. However, an invasive phenotype is critical to establish tumor progression via cell associated and secreted proteases including matrix metalloproteinases. High metalloproteinases level significantly enhanced metastasis phenotype on tumors, a detrimental effect on surgical outcome. We investigated the role of direct and indirect signaling between the mesothelium and the tumor cells in enhancing tumor invasion and possible therapeutic intervention.MethodsMesothelial cells were enzymatically derived from human omental tissue and implanted in 24 wells plates. Colorectal cancer cells were then introduced and allowed a direct and an indirect contact with the mesothelial layer. Anti-ICAM antibodies, anti-CD43 antibodies, and heparin were used to block MMP production. Gelatin zymography was performed on the supernatant to detect MMPs activity.ResultsMMP production was observed in mesothelial and tumor cells. Direct contact between cell types enhanced MMP9 and 2 (p < 0.05). Indirect contact also stimulate MMPs but at a lower degree. ICAM-1 blocking antibodies attenuated MMP production in direct contact to that observed in the indirect. Heparin introduction achieved a similar outcome.ConclusionsICAM-1-CD43 interaction plays a vital role in tumor cells-peritoneum adhesion and invasion, which is manifested by the increased production of MMPs leading to tumor invasion and peritoneal loco-regional. Blocking this interaction with heparin can provide a new therapeutic option.
Safety and Antitumor Activity of the Anti–Programmed Death-1 Antibody Pembrolizumab in Patients With Advanced Esophageal Carcinoma
Authors: Doi Toshihiko , Piha-Paul Sarina A. , Jalal Shadia I. , Saraf Sanatan , Lunceford Jared , Koshiji Minori , Bennouna Jaafar 
Published: November 2017

Purpose The anti–programmed death-1 antibody pembrolizumab was evaluated in KEYNOTE-028, a multicohort, phase IB study of patients with programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)–positive advanced solid tumors. Results from the esophageal carcinoma cohort are reported herein. Patients and Methods Eligible patients with squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or gastroesophageal junction in whom standard therapy failed and who had PD-L1–positive tumors received pembrolizumab 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks for up to 2 years or until confirmed disease progression or intolerable toxicity. Response was assessed every 8 weeks up to 6 months and every 12 weeks thereafter. Primary end points were safety and overall response rate, determined by investigator review per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (version 1.1). Results Among 83 patients with esophageal carcinoma and samples evaluable for PD-L1 expression, 37 (45%) had PD-L1–positive tumors, and 23 were enrolled. Median age was 65 years; 78% had squamous histology; and 87% received ≥ two prior therapies for advanced/metastatic disease. As of the data cutoff (February 20, 2017), median follow-up was 7 months (range, 1 to 33 months). Nine patients (39%) experienced treatment-related adverse events, most commonly decreased appetite, decreased lymphocyte count, generalized rash, and rash (two patients [9%] each). No grade 4 adverse events or deaths were attributed to pembrolizumab. Overall response rate was 30% (95% CI, 13% to 53%); median duration of response was 15 months (range, 6 to 26 months). A six-gene interferon-γ gene expression signature analysis suggested that delayed progression and increased response occur among pembrolizumab-treated patients with higher interferon-γ composite scores. Conclusion Pembrolizumab demonstrated manageable toxicity and durable antitumor activity in patients with heavily pretreated, PD-L1–positive advanced esophageal carcinoma.
Validation of a New Method to Automatically Select Cases With Intraoperative Red Blood Cell Transfusion for Audit
Authors: Dexter Franklin , Epstein Richard H. , Ledolter Johannes , Dasovich Susan M. , Herman Jay H. , Maga Joni M. , Schwenk Eric S. 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND:
Hospitals review allogeneic red blood cell (RBC) transfusions for appropriateness. Audit criteria have been published that apply to 5 common procedures. We expanded on this work to study the management decision of selecting which cases involving transfusion of at least 1 RBC unit to audit (review) among all surgical procedures, including those previously studied.

METHODS:
This retrospective, observational study included 400,000 cases among 1891 different procedures over an 11-year period. There were 12,616 cases with RBC transfusion. We studied the proportions of cases that would be audited based on criteria of nadir hemoglobin (Hb) greater than the hospital’s selected transfusion threshold, or absent Hb or missing estimated blood loss (EBL) among procedures with median EBL <500 mL. This threshold EBL was selected because it is approximately the volume removed during the donation of a single unit of whole blood at a blood bank. Missing EBL is important to the audit decision for cases in which the procedures’ median EBL is <500 mL because, without an indication of the extent of bleeding, there are insufficient data to assume that there was sufficient blood loss to justify the transfusion.

RESULTS:
Most cases (>50%) that would be audited and most cases (>50%) with transfusion were among procedures with median EBL <500 mL (P < .0001). Among cases with transfusion and nadir Hb >9 g/dL, the procedure’s median EBL was <500 mL for 3.0 times more cases than for procedures having a median EBL ≥500 mL. A greater percentage of cases would be recommended for audit based on missing values for Hb and/or EBL than based on exceeding the Hb threshold among cases of procedures with median EBL ≥500 mL (P < .0001). There were 3.7 times as many cases with transfusion that had missing values for Hb and/or EBL than had a nadir Hb >9 g/dL and median EBL for the procedure ≥500 mL.

CONCLUSIONS:
An automated process to select cases for audit of intraoperative transfusion of RBC needs to consider the median EBL of the procedure, whether the nadir Hb is below the hospital’s Hb transfusion threshold for surgical cases, and the absence of either a Hb or entry of the EBL for the case. This conclusion applies to all surgical cases and procedures.
Electroantennogram responses from olfactory receptors in Dαcus oleαe
Authors: Der Pers J.N.C. Υan , Haniotakis G.E. , King Β.Μ. 
Published: November 2017

Substances found in Dacus oleae (Gmelin) (Diptera: Tephritidae) male or female flies which have been reported as pheromones, i.e. elicit some form of biological activity in laboratory or field bioassays, were tested with the electroantennogram technique (EAG). Substances of non-insect origin were also tested as possible pheromone candi­dates. All substances of insect or non-insect origin elicited an EAG response to both sexes of lab-cultured or wild insects but 1,7 dioxaspiro [5,5] undecane, the major pheromone component, has a lower response threshold value than all other compounds. At the maximum stimulus concentration the response to nonanal reaches a value higher than that elicited by all other compounds. EAG responses to various compounds, after receptor adaptation to the major pheromone compound and nonanal, showed that these two compounds are detected by different sets of receptors. Other comments on the sensitivity and specificity of antennal receptors are also presented.
Notes on life history and field efficiency of Cybocephαlus fodori predator of Quαdrαspidiotus perniciosus in Northern Greece
Authors: Katsouannos Ρ. 
Published: November 2017

Sampling results during 1978-1979 and 1981-1982 in two heavily-infested almond orchards in Northern Greece showed a high mortality of the San Jose scale. A considerable part of this mortality was attributable to indigenous entomophagous insects, especially predators. Among them, Cybocephalus fodori Endrody-Younga (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) appeared to be the key species. Field observations showed that C. fodori hibernates as an adult, forming aggregations. C. fodori reared in outdoor cages showed full adult activity by end March. Given an abundant supply of prey, the insect develops two complete and a third partial generations per year. Under constant conditions (25±2° C, 65±5% R.H. and 16 hrs light per day), the development of its three larval instars was completed in about 19 days and the pupal stage lasted about 10 days. On average, 68 Quadraspidiotus perniciosus Comstock (Homoptera: Diaspididae) adult females were partly consumed per larva of C. fodori. Individually deposited eggs and young larvae were found under the covers of the San Jose scales.
Parthenolecanium corni (Bouche), an orchard scale pest producing honeydew foraged by bees in Greece
Authors: Santas L.A. 
Published: November 2017

The soft scale Parthenolecanium corni (Bouch6), a pest of filbert tree and other hosts, is a useful insect for apiculture in Greece. It excretes honeydew which is exploited by honeybees in April, May and early June. The scale has one generation per year, and overwinters as a second instar nymph. Adults appear early in April and crawlers in the middle of June. From mid June to mid July, the population of P. corni consists mainly of crawler-, and/or first instar nymphs. The second instar nymphs appear in mid July and by the end of October all the scale population is in this stage. The period from July to February, is long enough to permit the application of insecticides to control the scale, without causing any harm to the bees.
Flight period of some parasitoids and a predator of the olive black scale (Saissetia oleae Olivier) on Corfu island
Authors: Macropodi Μ. V. 
Published: November 2017

The time of year the adults (flight period) of the parasitoids of S. oleae: Μetaphycus helvolus, Μetaphycus lounsburyi, Scutelista cyanea and Moranila californica and the predator Chilocorus bipustulatus are present, was determined in three areas of Corfu island: Lima, Kontocali and Avliotes. M. helvolus apparently has two flight periods: the first is from A­pril till July and the second from November till December. All the other natural enemies have only one flight period per year. The flight period of M. lounsburyi is from April till August, while S. cyanea flies from August till the end of September or the first days of Oc­tober, and M. californica adults are present from July till the middle of December. Adults of C. bipustulatus appeared from July till December or the middle of January.
Determination of spray dates for the control of the first generation of Quadraspidiotus perniciosus in Northern Greece
Authors: Kyparissoudas D.S. 
Published: November 2017

During 1986-1988 the relationship between catches of San Jose scale (SJS), Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock), adult males in pheromone traps and crawlers on sticky-tape traps was studied as a basis of SJS crawler control in apple orchards of Northern Greece. Spring male flight began in mid-to late April and crawler emergence occurred in mid-to late May. Crawlers were active for a period of 6-7 weeks until early July. Peak crawler emergence occurred approximately 12 days after the first emergence, or 42 days after the first males were captured on pheromone traps. Because in our 3-year study the crawler emergence occurred 29-31 days or 191-202 day-degrees (base 10.5°C) after the capture of the first male, we conclude that a consistent time-relationship exists between the two events. Two insecticide treatments, one three days after the first crawler appearance and another 10 days later (near peak crawler activity), provided the best control against the first generation of scale.
Geographic Variation of Diapause Induction and Termination in the Spider Mite Tetrαnychus urticαe: Α mini-review
Authors: Koveos S. , Veerman A. 
Published: November 2017

In eight strains of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), originating from different localities in Europe, the critical daylength for diapause induction and termination was almost the same in each strain but varied with the latitudinal origin of the strains; critical daylength was shorter in strains originating from lower latitudes and longer in those from higher latitudes. Diapause intensity, measured as the period of chilling required for diapause termination under a short day photoperiod (LD 10:14) and 19°C, again varied with the latitudinal origin of each strain, being higher the more northern the origin of the strain. An exception were two mountain strains which showed a longer critical daylength and a deeper diapause than expected on the basis of their latitudinal origin. The number of long-day (LD 17:7) cycles required for 50% diapause termination after a certain period of chilling was higher in the northern and lower in the southern strains. These results indicate that geographic strains of T urticae may differ considerably in their diapause attributes, which may be explained as an adaptation to local climatic conditions. The great plasticity of the diapause response may, among other factors, have been responsible for the wide distribution of this mite species.
Two New Species of Prαon Haliday (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) from Greece
Authors: Kavallieratos Ν. G. , Lykouressis D. Ρ. 
Published: November 2017

Two new species of Praon Haliday: P. staryi spec. nov. and P. athenaeum spec. nov., are described. P.staryi was collected and reared from Myzus nicotianae Blackman on Nicotiana tabacum L. and P. athenaeum from Hyperomyzus lactucae (L.) on Sonchus oleraceus L.
Eupeodes luniger (Diptera, Syrphidae) a new record to Greece and a key for the genus Eupeodes in this country
Authors: Perez-Banon C. , Marcos-Garcia Μ.-Α. , Petanidou Τ. 
Published: November 2017

Eupeodes luniger (Meigen, 1822) (Diptera, Syrphidae), an aphidophagous hoverfly species that acts also as pollinator, was recorded for the first time in Greece. Based on the Greek records, we provide the first identification key for the genus Eupeodes Osten Sacken, 1877 in Greece.
Leaf Preference of Heliothrips hαemorrhoidαlis (Thysonoptera: Thripidae) on Vιburnum tinus
Authors: Koufos V. Α. , Perdikis D. CH. 
Published: November 2017

The leaf preference of larvae, pupae and adults of Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Buche) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), a serious pest of several ornamental plants, were studied on Viburnum tinus. Leaves were sampled for thrips from the base, middle and distal end of viburnum twigs at weekly intervals from April 11 to September 15, 2000. The population of this thrips was observed at high levels of between 10 to 76 thrips per leaf, till the middle of June when it sharply declined to zero, probably due to high temperatures. Higher populations developed on the basal than on the middle leaves. The lowest populations were recorded on the distal leaves. The predator Orius vicinus (Ribaut) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) was recorded in low numbers and therefore its effect on thrips populations was considered negligible.
The effect of temperature on the development of Nephus includens (Kirsch) and Nephus bisignatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), predators of Planococcus citri Risso (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae)
Authors: Kontodimas D.C. , Lykouressis D.C , Karandinos M.G. , Katsouannos P. , Stathas G.J. , Eliopoulos P.A. , Economou L.P. 
Published: November 2017

The effect of temperature οη the development of the predators Nephus includens (Kirsch) and Ν. bisignatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), was studied. The development time of immature stages and the pre-oviposition period of adult females for the two predators was recorded at eight constant temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 32.5, 35 and 37.5°C). The beetles were reared on eggs, nymphs and female adults of Planococcus citri (Risso) (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) that had developed on squash (Cucurbita pepo) and on sour orange leaves (CΊtrus aurantium). Using the linear model for the biological cycle of Ν. includens on squash and on sour orange leaves, the developmental zeros (lower temperature thresholds) were estimated to be 10.9 and 11.0°C respectively and the thermal constants, 490.5 and 472.8 day-degrees respectively. Using the Lactin model the lower thresholds were estimated to be 11.1 and 11.2°C respectively and the upper thresholds 36.1 and 36.0°C respectively. For the biological cycle of Ν. bisignatus, using the linear model, the lower thresholds were estimated to be 9.4°C on squash and 9.3°C on sour orange leaves and the thermal constants were 614.3 and 647.9 day-degrees respectively. Using the Lactin model the lower thresholds were estimated to be 9.9 and 1O.0°C respectively and the upper thresholds, 34.7 and 35.0°C respectively. The survival rate of Ν. includens in­stars at 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 32.5, 35 and 37.5°C on squash and on sour orange leaves was respectively 0.0, 34.9, 63.2, 70.6, 63.3, 54.5, 19.8, 0.0, and 0.0, 32.2, 61.0, 68.0, 68.3, 56.6, 17.6, 0.0%. The survival rate of Ν. bisignatus instars at 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 32.5 and 35°C on squash and on sour orange leaves was respectively, 0.0, 39.9, 61.1, 60.7, 47.2, 26.4, 0.0 and 0.0, 35.7, 65.7, 68.0, 44.2, 29.1, 0.0%. The results show that Ν. includens has a shorter biological cycle than Ν. bisignatus, whereas the latter species has lower temperature thresholds.
Firm Expansion, Size Spillovers, and Market Dominance in Retail Chain Dynamics
Authors: Blevins Jason R. , Khwaja Ahmed , Yang Nathan 
Published: November 2017

We develop and estimate a dynamic game of strategic firm expansion and contraction decisions to study the role of firm size in future profitability and market dominance. Modeling firm size is important because retail chain dynamics are more richly driven by expansion and contraction than de novo entry or permanent exit. Additionally, anticipated size spillovers may influence the strategies of forward-looking firms, making it difficult to analyze the effects of size without explicitly accounting for these in the expectations and, hence, decisions of firms. Expansion may also be profitable for some firms while detrimental for others. Thus, we explicitly model and allow for heterogeneity in the dynamic link between firm size and profits as well as potential for persistent brand effects through firm-specific unobservable factors. As a methodological contribution, we surmount the hurdle of estimating the model by extending a two-step procedure that circumvents solving the game. The first stage combines semiparametric conditional choice probability estimation with a particle filter to eliminate the serially correlated unobservable components. The second stage uses a forward simulation approach to estimate the payoff parameters. Data on Canadian hamburger chains from their inception in 1970 to 2005 provide evidence of firm-specific heterogeneity in brand effects, size spillovers, and persistence in profitability. This heterogeneous dynamic linkage shows how McDonald’s becomes dominant and other chains falter as they evolve, thus affecting market structure and industry concentration. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2814 . This paper was accepted by J. Miguel Villas-Boas, marketing.
The Bahri–Coron Theorem for Fractional Yamabe-Type Problems
Authors: Abdelhedi Wael , Chtioui Hichem , Hajaiej Hichem 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We study the following fractional Yamabe-type equation:

{

A
s

⁢
u

=

u

n
+

2
⁢
s

n
-

2
⁢
s

,

u

>
0

in
⁢
Ω

,

u

=
0

on
⁢

∂
⁡
Ω

,

\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle A_{s}u&\displaystyle=u^{\frac{n+2s}{n-2s}% },\\ \displaystyle u&\displaystyle>0&&\displaystyle\text{in }\Omega,\\ \displaystyle u&\displaystyle=0&&\displaystyle\text{on }\partial\Omega,\end{% aligned}\right.

Here Ω is a regular bounded domain of

ℝ
n

{\mathbb{R}^{n}}

,

n
≥
2

{n\geq 2}

, and

A
s

{A_{s}}

,

s
∈

(
0
,
1
)

{s\in(0,1)}

, represents the fractional Laplacian operator

(

-
Δ

)

s

{(-\Delta)^{s}}

in Ω with zero Dirichlet boundary condition. We investigate the effect of the topology of Ω on the existence of solutions. Our result can be seen as the fractional counterpart of the Bahri–Coron theorem [3].