bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural selection and genetic diversity in the butterflyHeliconius melpomene
Authors: Martin SH , Möst M , Palmer WJ , Salazar C , McMillan WO , Jiggins FM , Jiggins CD 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTA combination of selective and neutral evolutionary forces shape patterns of genetic diversity in nature. Among the insects, most previous analyses of the roles of drift and selection in shaping variation across the genome have focused on the genusDrosophila. A more complete understanding of these forces will come from analysing other taxa that differ in population demography and other aspects of biology. We have analysed diversity and signatures of selection in the neotropicalHeliconiusbutterflies using resequenced genomes from 58 wild-caught individuals ofH. melpomene, and another 21 resequenced genomes representing 11 related species. By comparing intra-specific diversity and inter-specific divergence, we estimate that 31% of amino acid substitutions betweenHeliconiusspecies are adaptive. Diversity at putatively neutral sites is negatively correlated with the local density of coding sites as well as non-synonymous substitutions, and positively correlated with recombination rate, indicating widespread linked selection. This process also manifests in significantly reduced diversity on longer chromosomes, consistent with lower recombination rates. Although hitchhiking around beneficial non-synonymous mutations has significantly shaped genetic variation inH. melpomene, evidence for strong selective sweeps is limited overall. We did however identify two regions where distinct haplotypes have swept in different populations, leading to increased population differentiation. On the whole, our study suggests that positive selection is less pervasive in these butterflies as compared to fruit flies; a fact that curiously results in very similar levels of neutral diversity in these very different insects.
Application of database-independent approach to assess the quality of OTU picking methods
Authors: Schloss Patrick D. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAssigning 16S rRNA gene sequences to operational taxonomic units (OTUs) allows microbial ecologists to overcome the inconsistencies and biases within bacterial taxonomy and provides a strategy for clustering similar sequences that do not have representatives in a reference database. I have applied the Matthew’s correlation coefficient to assess the ability of 15 reference-independent and ‐dependent clustering algorithms to assign sequences to OTUs. This metric quantifies the ability of an algorithm to reflect the relationships between sequences without the use of a reference and can be applied to any dataset or method. The most consistently robust method was the average neighbor algorithm; however, for some datasets other algorithms matched its performance.
Daughters taking over the family business
Authors: Gherardi Silvia , Perrotta Manuela 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– This paper aims to explore gender and legitimacy in family business succession.Design/methodology/approach– Within the theoretical framework of French pragmatic sociology, the authors conceptualise the family business as thelocuswhere two regimes of engagement are present, generating the co-presence of two orders of worth, namely the domestic and the industrial. Taking a processual approach to entrepreneuring, and using case studies of small enterprises in Italy, this paper explores the case of daughters taking over the family firms.Findings– The paper shows how the daughters’ perceived gender inequality in the succession process is justified and how the justification work and the production of legitimacy are accomplished, shifting from one order of worth to the other.Originality/value– The value of the contribution consists in pointing to how gender inequality is reproduced and justified inside the family business. The dual regime of engagement is what justifies the reproduction of a specific gender regime within the family business. Moreover, the paper adds a “gender” perspective to French pragmatist sociology.
An evolutionary algorithm approach for the constrained multi-depot vehicle routing problem
Authors: Lightner-Laws Carin , Agrawal Vikas , Lightner Constance , Wagner Neal 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore a real world vehicle routing problem (VRP) that has multi-depot subcontractors with a heterogeneous fleet of vehicles that are available to pickup/deliver jobs with varying time windows and locations. Both the overall job completion time and number of drivers utilized are analyzed for the automated job allocations and manual job assignments from transportation field experts.

Design/methodology/approach
– A nested genetic algorithm (GA) is used to automate the job allocation process and minimize the overall time to deliver all jobs, while utilizing the fewest number of drivers – as a secondary objective.

Findings
– Three different real world data sets were used to compare the results of the GA vs transportation field experts’ manual assignments. The job assignments from the GA improved the overall job completion time in 100 percent (30/30) of the cases and maintained the same or fewer drivers as BS Logistics (BSL) in 47 percent (14/30) of the cases.

Originality/value
– This paper provides a novel approach to solving a real world VRP that has multiple variants. While there have been numerous models to capture a select number of these variants, the value of this nested GA lies in its ability to incorporate multiple depots, a heterogeneous fleet of vehicles as well as varying pickup times, pickup locations, delivery times and delivery locations for each job into a single model. Existing research does not provide models to collectively address all of these variants.
A type of collective detection scheme with improved pigeon-inspired optimization
Authors: JIA Zhengxuan 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– With increasing demand of localization service in challenging environments where Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) signals are considerably weak, a powerful approach, the collective detection (CD), has been developed. However, traditional CD techniques are computationally intense due to the large clock bias search space. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to develop a new scheme of CD with less computational burden, in order to accelerate the detection and location process.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper proposes a new scheme of CD. It reformulates the problem of GNSS signal detection as an optimization problem, and solves it with the aid of an improved Pigeon-Inspired Optimization (PIO). With the improved PIO algorithm adopted, the positioning algorithm arrives to evaluate only a part of the points in the search space, avoiding the problems of grid-search method which is universally adopted.

Findings
– Faced with the complex optimization problem, the improved PIO algorithm proves to have good performance. In the acquisition of simulated and real signals, the proposed scheme of CD with the improved PIO algorithm also have better efficiency, precision and stability than traditional CD algorithm. Besides, the improved PIO algorithm also proves to be a better candidate to be integrated into the proposed scheme than particle swarm optimization, differential evolution and PIO.

Originality/value
– The novelty associated with this paper is the proposition of the new scheme of CD and the improvement of PIO algorithm. Thus, this paper introduces another possibility to ameliorate the traditional CD.
Strategies for improving performance in the Italian local government organizations
Authors: Chiarini Andrea 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to understand what are the benefits in terms of improvement of performances that a local government organization (LGO) can achieve embracing ISO 9001 certification as a strategy. This research is aimed at contributing to the answering of this question by exploring the Italian situation, in particular organizations linked to Italian local government which provide services to the citizens.

Design/methodology/approach
– This research is based on mixed methodologies. First, a qualitative interview based on a semi-structured interview guide was administered to ten LGO quality managers. From this first qualitative inquiry 11 hypotheses to be validated have been stated. A survey has been carried out to validate the hypotheses. By means of two distinct questionnaires each hypothesis has been transformed into a specific question. The question is based on the Likert scale which allows using a χ2-test and non-parametric test such as Cramer’s V. The results from the scale were augmented by the interviewees’ annotations, which comprised suggestions and comments, to each question. The questionnaires have been administered over the last five years to 201 LGOs.

Findings
– From the findings it seems that ISO 9001 could improve performances in terms of effectiveness, such as citizens’ satisfaction, reduction of defectiveness and claims, as well as staff awareness of citizens’ needs. Moreover, ISO 9001 seems to have a negative effect on citizens’ participation, internal communication and teamwork as well as cost reduction. Controversial issues related to the bureaucracy of documentation and the external auditing process emerged.

Research limitations/implications
– The findings are linked to Italian LGOs therefore they need further validation in other European countries where LGOs are managed in a similar way.

Practical implications
– The implications of this research are useful for consultants and managers who want to understand what the benefits and limitations of the ISO 9001 certification are in the LGOs. The results are also useful for local government managers and practitioners who are weighing the pros and cons of ISO 9001 certification.

Originality/value
– The paper discusses in a quantitative way the benefits of ISO 9001 certification process on the performances of LGOs opening an interesting debate on the topic.
Quality of care and patient satisfaction amongst Caucasian and non-Caucasian patients
Authors: Alizadeh Somayeh , Chavan Meena , Hamin Hamin 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the key aspects of service quality within the outpatient context. The secondary aim is to compare views on quality of health service by Caucasian and non-Caucasian patients in Australia.

Design/methodology/approach
– A mixed-method approach was adopted for this study. Qualitative data were collected from 40 patients to develop a scale for measuring health service quality. Quantitative data were collected using self-administered questionnaires available in English, Arabic, Persian, Chinese and Vietnamese. A total of 447 patients in six outpatient clinics completed the survey and data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling technique.

Findings
– The qualitative findings determined eight dimensions of quality for outpatient care as follows: doctor professionalism; doctor empathy; doctor expertise; treatment outcome; staff concern; timeliness; tangibles; and operation. The quantitative findings indicated that factors related to technical aspect of care, including doctor expertise and treatment outcome were assumed the strongest predictors of overall health care quality in both Caucasian and non-Caucasian groups. Furthermore, no significant discrepancy was found between these two groups’ ratings of overall service quality and satisfaction with care.

Originality/value
– The study captured ethnically diverse patients’ perspectives on health service quality and highlighted the significance of technical quality, which is generally neglected in service quality measures.
The impact of total quality management on service company performance: evidence from Spain
Authors: Psomas Evangelos L. , Jaca Carmen 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of the paper is to explore the impact of total quality management (TQM) factors on performance dimensions of service companies.

Design/methodology/approach
– A research project was designed in the Spanish services sector. Companies that had already participated in activities with regard to business excellence were randomly selected and approached through a structured questionnaire, yielding a sample of 151 responding companies. By analyzing TQM implementation and company performance through the exploratory factor analysis, specific TQM factors and performance dimensions are extracted. The TQM factors that significantly influence the performance dimensions are determined through multiple linear regression analyses.

Findings
– According to the findings, the factors describing TQM implementation in service companies concern quality practices of top management, employee quality management, process management, employee knowledge and education and customer focus. Similarly, the performance dimensions revealed concern financial performance, operational performance, customer satisfaction and product/service quality performance. The TQM factors concerning customers, employees and top management significantly affect the performance dimensions.

Research limitations/implications
– The subjective data were collected from quality managers of a small-sized sample of companies operating in a European Union country and belonging to different services sub-sectors. Based on these limitations, future research studies are recommended.

Practical implications
– By focussing on specific TQM factors, a service company can improve its performance dimensions. In doing so, it can lay the foundations not only to survive but to be competitive in the current global scenario that is characterized by an economic downturn.

Originality/value
– This paper describes a reliable TQM model that can be implemented in the services sector and a means by which a service company can improve its performance.
Advanced phase powertrain design attribute and technology value mapping
Authors: Georgiou Aris , Haritos George , Fowler Moyra , Imani Yasmin 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to focus on how the concept design stage of a powertrain system can be improved by using a purely objective driven approach in selecting a final concept design to progress further. This research investigation will examine the development of a novel test-bed to assist in the selection of powertrain technologies during the concept design phase at Ford Motor Company Ltd, serving as the main contribution to knowledge.

Design/methodology/approach
– The objectives of this research were achieved by carrying out a literature review of external published work related to concept design evaluation methods within product development and value engineering techniques. Empirical studies were conducted with a supporting case study used to test the application of a new test-bed to improve the concept design decision process.

Findings
– A quantitative new tool “Product Optimisation Value Engineering” (PROVEN) is presented to critically assess new and evolving powertrain technologies at the concept design phase.

Research limitations/implications
– This research improves the concept design selection process, hence increasing the product value to the customer.

Practical implications
– The new test-bed “PROVEN” incorporates a data-driven objective approach to assist in assessing concept design alternatives in providing the net value in terms of function and cost as perceived by the customer.

Originality/value
– A mathematical new test-bed that incorporates a highly adaptable, data-driven and multi-attribute value approach to product specification and conceptual design is developed, novel to the automotive concept design process. This will create a substantially optimised product offering to the market, reducing overall development costs while achieving customer satisfaction. The new tool has the ability to define a technology value map to assess multiple technical options as a function of its attributes, whose precise values can be determined at a given cost.
Supportability issues of mechanical systems for their useful life
Authors: Asjad M. , Kulkarni M.S. , Gandhi O.P. 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) start providing support to their products, that helped them in beating the competition across the worldwide. The unavailability of spares and crews may also prolong the downtime of equipment, thereby affecting the systems’ performance. The spares and crews have as much effect on the systems’ performance as the design characteristics (i.e. reliability and maintainability). Thus, the OEMs required to extent the support to their products through maintenance, spares, crews, etc., so as to gain the customer satisfaction.Design/methodology/approach– The mathematical model for spares, crews and support quality has been presented in this research work. The problem has been identified from the literature perspective for mechanical systems.Findings– The model has been implemented on a real-life problem, in which the OEMs provide support to their make installed at compressed natural gas workstation in National Capital Region, India.Originality/value– The research proposed in this work will be helpful to manufacturer, customer, academician, researcher, industrialist and any concerned person, to get the exhaustive benefits from the system.
How can we better support families living with cardiovascular disease and depression?
Authors: Jones Martin , Thompson David , Ski Chantal , Clark Robyn , Gray Richard , Vallury Kari , Alam Ferdous 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of psychosocial treatments to support families living with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depression. The paper highlights that depression in people with CVD is a predictor of non-adherence to both medicines and cardiovascular rehabilitation programmes. The authors believe there is a clinical need to develop a programme of care to support the whole family to adhere to cardiovascular rehabilitation programmes.

Design/methodology/approach
– A team of expert cardiovascular nurses, mental health nurses (MHN) and cardiologist clinical opinions and experiences. These opinions and experiences were supplemented by literature using MEDLINE as the primary database for papers published between December 2000 and December 2013.

Findings
– People with CVD who become depressed are more likely to stop taking their medicine and stop working with their health care worker. Most people with heart and mood problems live with their families. Health workers could have a role in supporting families living with heart and mood problems to their care and treatment. The paper has highlighted the importance of working with families living with heart and mood problems to help them to stick with care and treatment.

Originality/value
– Most people with heart and mood problems live with their families. The paper has highlighted the importance of working with families living with heart and mood problems to help them to persevere with care and treatment. MHN may have a role, though consideration should also be given to exploring the role of other health care workers and members of the community. As the population ages, clinicians and communities will need to consider the impact of depression on adherence when working with families living with CVD and depression.
Pregnant women’s experience of depression care
Authors: Jarrett Patricia M. 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– Up to 25 per cent of women will experience depression during their pregnancy. Perinatal mental health problems are a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, however care provided to women is often a low priority. The purpose of this paper is to explore women’s perspective of care from GPs and midwives, when they experience symptoms of depression during pregnancy.

Design/methodology/approach
– Women, with self-reported symptoms of depression, were invited to post comments in response to a series of on-line questions posted on two discussion forums over a nine month period. The questions were related to the care women received from GPs and midwives. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Findings
– In total, 22 women responded to the on-line questions. A number of themes were identified from the data including women’s disclosure of symptoms to GPs and midwives; lack of knowledge of perinatal mental health among health providers; attitudes of staff and systemic issues as barriers to good care; anti-depressant therapy and care that women found helpful.

Research limitations/implications
– Women often face significant emotional and psychological health issues in the transition to motherhood. This small study indicates women often experience difficulties in interacting with their GP and midwife in seeking help. This research has identified some contributing factors, however more rigorous research is needed to explore these complex issues.

Originality/value
– This paper highlights service provision in the care of women with depression in pregnancy.
On-line role play in mental health education
Authors: Saunder Lorna 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore a method of incorporating on-line role play in mental health nursing education. Recreation of meaningful and realistic simulations for mental health nurses is challenging. Examination of the literature reveals there is a gap in the provision of simulations that replicate practice, encourage the development of skills and promote responsibility. Those that exist may require significant investment in complex technologies or a high degree of planning and time commitment.

Design/methodology/approach
– An evaluation of a pedagogical design that used an on-line survey to gather responses and thematic analysis was undertaken.

Findings
– The findings identified that students engaged with the case leading to a realistic experience of case management and development of professional communication skills.

Research limitations/implications
– This evaluation could be expanded further to a more formal study examining the students’ emotional responses and learning as they progress through the activity.

Practical implications
– The activity outlined in this paper demonstrates that a relatively simple approach can result in deep learning whereby the student can fully experience the role of a qualified practitioner. This model could easily be adopted by other higher education institutions or as a part of continuing professional development.

Originality/value
– This paper combines previously researched methods of providing role play to mental health nursing students. It has addressed the critiques of other methodologies such as being time consuming, expensive or lacking in realism. The end product, is low cost, manageable from the lecturers perspective and delivers important learning outcomes to the students.