bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acceleration of collimated 45 MeV protons by collisionless shocks driven in low-density, large-scale gradient plasmas by a 1020 W/cm2, 1 µm laser
Authors: Antici P. , Boella E. , Chen S. N. , Andrews D. S. , Barberio M. , Böker J. , Cardelli F. , Feugeas J. L. , Glesser M. , Nicolaï P. , Romagnani L. , Scisciò M. , Starodubtsev M. , Willi O. , Kieffer J. C. , Tikhonchuk V. , Pépin H. , Silva L. O. , Humières E. d’ , Fuchs J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA new type of proton acceleration stemming from large-scale gradients, low-density targets, irradiated by an intense near-infrared laser is observed. The produced protons are characterized by high-energies (with a broad spectrum), are emitted in a very directional manner, and the process is associated to relaxed laser (no need for high-contrast) and target (no need for ultra-thin or expensive targets) constraints. As such, this process appears quite effective compared to the standard and commonly used Target Normal Sheath Acceleration technique (TNSA), or more exploratory mechanisms like Radiation Pressure Acceleration (RPA). The data are underpinned by 3D numerical simulations which suggest that in these conditions a Low Density Collisionless Shock Acceleration (LDCSA) mechanism is at play, which combines an initial Collisionless Shock Acceleration (CSA) to a boost procured by a TNSA-like sheath field in the downward density ramp of the target, leading to an overall broad spectrum. Experiments performed at a laser intensity of 1020 W/cm2 show that LDCSA can accelerate, from ~1% critical density, mm-scale targets, up to 5 × 109 protons/MeV/sr/J with energies up to 45(±5) MeV in a collimated (~6° half-angle) manner.
A simulation model of neuroprogenitor proliferation dynamics predicts age-related loss of hippocampal neurogenesis but not astrogenesis
Authors: Beccari Sol , Valero Jorge , Maletic-Savatic Mirjana , Sierra Amanda 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAdult hippocampal neuroprogenitors give rise to both neurons and astrocytes. As neuroprogenitors are lost with increased age, neurogenesis concomitantly decreases. However, the dynamics of neuron and astrocyte generation throughout adulthood has not been systematically examined. Here, we analyzed the hippocampal niche both longitudinally (from 2 h to 30d of cell life) and transversally (from 1 m to 12 m of age) and generated a Marsaglia polar random simulation model to predict newborn cell dynamics. The sharp decrease in newborn neuron production throughout adulthood was largely predicted by the number of proliferating neuroprogenitors at each age. In contrast, newborn astrocyte decay was slower and associated with their increased yield in mature mice. As a result, the niche shifted from neurogenic to neuro/astrogenic with increased age. Our data provide a simple “end-point” model to understand the hippocampal niche changes across adulthood and suggest yet unexplored functions of newborn astrocytes for the aging hippocampal circuitry.
Thyroid hormones derivatives reduce proliferation and induce cell death and DNA damage in ovarian cancer
Authors: Shinderman-Maman Elena , Cohen Keren , Moskovich Dotan , Hercbergs Aleck , Werner Haim , Davis Paul J. , Ellis Martin , Ashur-Fabian Osnat 
Published: November 2017

AbstractOvarian cancer is a highly aggressive disease and novel treatments are required. Thyroid hormones binding to αvβ3 integrin produced growth-promoting activities in ovarian cancer and we hypothesized that natural thyroid hormone derivatives may antagonize these actions. The effect of three antagonists, tetraiodoacetic acid (tetrac), triiodothyroacetic acid (triac) and 3-iodothyronamine (T1AM), on cell proliferation, cell death and DNA damage was studied in two ovarian cancer cell lines (OVCAR3 and A2780), normal hamster ovary control cells (CHOK1) and αvβ3-deficient or transfected HEK293 cells. A differential inhibition of cell proliferation was observed in ovarian cancer cells compared to CHOK1. In OVCAR3, an induction of cell cycle regulators was further shown. Apoptosis was confirmed (annexin-PI, SubG1/cell-cycle, apoptotic genes, caspase-3 and poly ADP ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1) cleavage) and was reversed by a pan-caspase inhibitor. Induction in apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) was observed, suggesting a parallel caspase-independent mechanism. Integrin-involvement in triac/T1AM apoptotic action was shown in αvβ3-transfected HEK293 cells. Lastly, in ovarian cancer models, key proteins that coordinate recognition of DNA damage, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and PARP-1, were induced. To conclude, the cytotoxic potential of thyroid hormone derivatives, tetrac, triac and T1AM, in ovarian cancer may provide a much-needed novel therapeutic approach.
Development and growth of organs in living whole embryo and larval grafts in zebrafish
Authors: Kawasaki Toshihiro , Maeno Akiteru , Shiroishi Toshihiko , Sakai Noriyoshi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAge-related systemic environments influence neurogenesis and organ regeneration of heterochronic parabiotic partners; however, the difficulty of manipulating small embryos prevents the effects of aged systemic environments on primitive organs at the developmental stage from being analysed. Here, we describe a novel transplantation system to support whole living embryos/larvae as grafts in immunodeficient zebrafish by the intrusion of host blood vessels into the grafts, allowing bodies similar to those of heterochronic parabiosis to be generated by subcutaneous grafting. Although grafted embryos/larvae formed most organs, not all organogenesis was supported equally; although the brain, eyes and the intestine usually developed, the liver, testes and heart developed insufficiently or even occasionally disappeared. Removal of host germ cells stimulated testis development in grafted embryos. These results indicate that primitive testes are susceptible to the systemic environments that originated from the germ cells of aged hosts and imply that the primitive liver and heart are similar. Upon applying this method to embryonic lethal mutants, various types of organs, including testes that developed in germ-cell-removed recipients, and viable offspring were obtained from the mutants. This unique transplantation system will lead to new insights into the age-related systemic environments that are crucial for organogenesis in vertebrates.
Sex differences in peripheral not central immune responses to pain-inducing injury
Authors: Lopes Douglas M. , Malek Natalia , Edye Michelle , Jager Sara Buskbjerg , McMurray Sheridan , McMahon Stephen B. , Denk Franziska 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWomen suffer chronic pain more frequently than men. It is not clear whether this is due to differences in higher level cognitive processes or basic nociceptive responses. In this study we used a mouse model of neuropathic pain to dissociate these factors. We performed RNA-seq on purified peripheral afferent neurons, but found no striking differences in gene expression between male and female mice, neither before nor after nerve injury. Similarly, spinal cord immune responses between the sexes appeared to be indistinguishable when studied by flow cytometry or qRT-PCR. Differences emerged only upon studying peripheral immune cell infiltration into the dorsal root ganglion, suggesting that adaptive immune responses in neuropathic pain could be sexually dimorphic.
A Novel Communication Value Task Demonstrates Evidence of Response Bias in Cases with Presbyacusis
Authors: Eckert Mark A. , Vaden Kenneth I. , Teubner-Rhodes Susan , Bentzley Brandon S. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDecision-making about the expected value of an experience or behavior can explain hearing health behaviors in older adults with hearing loss. Forty-four middle-aged to older adults (68.45 ± 7.73 years) performed a task in which they were asked to decide whether information from a surgeon or an administrative assistant would be important to their health in hypothetical communication scenarios across visual signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). Participants also could choose to view the briefly presented sentences multiple times. The number of these effortful attempts to read the stimuli served as a measure of demand for information to make a health importance decision. Participants with poorer high frequency hearing more frequently decided that information was important to their health compared to participants with better high frequency hearing. This appeared to reflect a response bias because participants with high frequency hearing loss demonstrated shorter response latencies when they rated the sentences as important to their health. However, elevated high frequency hearing thresholds did not predict demand for information to make a health importance decision. The results highlight the utility of a performance-based measure to characterize effort and expected value from performing tasks in older adults with hearing loss.
CO2 Mitigation Potential of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles larger than expected
Authors: Plötz P. , Funke S. A. , Jochem P. , Wietschel M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe actual contribution of plug-in hybrid and battery electric vehicles (PHEV and BEV) to greenhouse gas mitigation depends on their real-world usage. Often BEV are seen as superior as they drive only electrically and do not have any direct emissions during driving. However, empirical evidence on which vehicle electrifies more mileage with a given battery capacity is lacking. Here, we present the first systematic overview of empirical findings on actual PHEV and BEV usage for the US and Germany. Contrary to common belief, PHEV with about 60 km of real-world range currently electrify as many annual vehicles kilometres as BEV with a much smaller battery. Accordingly, PHEV recharged from renewable electricity can highly contribute to green house gas mitigation in car transport. Including the higher CO2eq emissions during the production phase of BEV compared to PHEV, PHEV show today higher CO2eq savings then BEVs compared to conventional vehicles. However, for significant CO2eq improvements of PHEV and particularly of BEVs the decarbonisation of the electricity system should go on.
Activation of Erk in ileal epithelial cells engaged in ischemic-injury repair
Authors: Takeda Haruna , Kiyokawa Etsuko 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIntestinal epithelial cells function as a barrier to protect our body from various agents; therefore, any damage to these cells must be immediately repaired. Several in vivo and vitro studies have shown the involvement of Erk (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) in the regeneration process; however, the spatial regulation of Erk related to tissue morphology has not been well documented. Using two-photon microscopy and mice carrying a Förster resonance energy transfer-based biosensor, we here monitored the Erk activity in the ileal epithelial cells of living mice. Forty-eight h after ischemia-induced injury, epithelial cells were observed as a monolayer covering the injured area. The Erk activity in these cells was higher than that in the epithelial cells at the surrounding crypts, and treatment with an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor cancelled the higher Erk activity. The resealing epithelial cells were not in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, and Yap (Yes-associated protein) was localized to the nucleus. Immunostaining of intestinal ulcers from patients revealed ERK phosphorylation and nucleus localization of YAP without Ki-67 staining in the resealing epithelial cells. These findings led us to propose that the YAP-EGFR-ERK axis is involved in migration, but not in proliferation, of the resealing epithelial cells.
The origin of prostate gland-secreted IgA and IgG
Authors: Silva Juliete A. F. , Biancardi Manoel F. , Stach-Machado Dagmar R. , Reis Leonardo O. , Sant’Anna Osvaldo A. , Carvalho Hernandes F. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe prostate secretes immunoglobulin (Ig) A (IgA) and IgG; however, how immunoglobulins reach the secretion, where the plasma cells are located, whether immunoglobulins are antigen-specific and where activation of the adaptive response occurs are still unknown. Immune cells, including CD45RA+cells, were scattered in the stroma and not organized mucosae-associated lymphoid-tissue. IgA (but not IgG) immunostaining identified stromal plasma cells and epithelial cells in non-immunized rats. Injected tetramethylrhodamine-IgA transcytosed the epithelium along with polymeric immunoglobulin receptor. Oral immunization with ovalbumin/mesopourous SBA-15 silica adjuvant resulted in more stromal CD45RA+/IgA+cells, increased content of ovalbumin-specific IgA and IgG, and the appearance of intraepithelial CD45RA+/IgG+cells. An increased number of dendritic cells that cooperate in other sites with transient immunocompetent lymphocytes, and the higher levels of interleukin-1β, interferon-γ and transforming growth factor-β, explain the levels of specific antibodies. Nasal immunization produced similar results except for the increase in dendritic cells. This immunomodulatory strategy seems useful to boost immunity against genitourinary infections and, perhaps, cancer.
Proteomic and microRNA Transcriptome Analysis revealed the microRNA-SmyD1 network regulation in Skeletal Muscle Fibers performance of Chinese perch
Authors: Chu WuYing , Zhang FangLiang , Song Rui , Li YuLong , Wu Ping , Chen Lin , Cheng Jia , Du ShaoJun , Zhang JianShe 
Published: November 2017

AbstractFish myotomes are comprised of anatomically segregated fast and slow muscle fibers that possess different metabolic and contractile properties. Although the expression profile properties in fast and slow muscle fibers had been investigated at the mRNA levels, a comprehensive analysis at proteomic and microRNA transcriptomic levels is limited. In the present study, we first systematically compared the proteomic and microRNA transcriptome of the slow and fast muscles of Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi). Total of 2102 proteins were identified in muscle tissues. Among them, 99 proteins were differentially up-regulated and 400 were down-regulated in the fast muscle compared with slow muscle. MiRNA microarrays revealed that 199 miRNAs identified in the two types of muscle fibers. Compared with the fast muscle, the 32 miRNAs was up-regulated and 27 down-regulated in the slow muscle. Specifically, expression of miR-103 and miR-144 was negatively correlated with SmyD1a and SmyD1b expression in fast and slow muscles, respectively. The luciferase reporter assay further verified that the miR-103 and miR-144 directly regulated the SmyD1a and SmyD1b expression by targeting their 3′-UTR. The constructed miRNA-SmyD1 interaction network might play an important role in controlling the development and performance of different muscle fiber types in Chinese perch.
Csl2, a novel chimeric bacteriophage lysin to fight infections caused by Streptococcus suis, an emerging zoonotic pathogen
Authors: Vázquez Roberto , Domenech Mirian , Iglesias-Bexiga Manuel , Menéndez Margarita , García Pedro 
Published: November 2017

AbstractStreptococcus suis is a Gram-positive bacterium that infects humans and various animals, causing human mortality rates ranging from 5 to 20%, as well as important losses for the swine industry. In addition, there is no effective vaccine for S. suis and isolates with increasing antibiotic multiresistance are emerging worldwide. Facing this situation, wild type or engineered bacteriophage lysins constitute a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics. In this study, we have constructed a new chimeric lysin, Csl2, by fusing the catalytic domain of Cpl-7 lysozyme to the CW_7 repeats of LySMP lysin from an S. suis phage. Csl2 efficiently kills different S. suis strains and shows noticeable activity against a few streptococci of the mitis group. Specifically, 15 µg/ml Csl2 killed 4.3 logs of S. suis serotype 2 S735 strain in 60 min, in a buffer containing 150 mM NaCl and 10 mM CaCl2, at pH 6.0. We have set up a protocol to form a good biofilm with the non-encapsulated S. suis mutant strain BD101, and the use of 30 µg/ml Csl2 was enough for dispersing such biofilms and reducing 1–2 logs the number of planktonic bacteria. In vitro results have been validated in an adult zebrafish model of infection.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Molecular and microscopic characterization of a novel Eastern grey kangaroopox virus genome directly from a clinical sample
Authors: Sarker Subir , Roberts Hayley K. , Tidd Naomie , Ault Shayne , Ladmore Georgia , Peters Andrew , Forwood Jade K. , Helbig Karla , Raidal Shane R. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPoxviruses are large DNA viruses with varying zoonotic potential, and are recognised in a broad range of wildlife. Although poxviruses have been detected in kangaroos, their genetic relationships to poxviruses in other animals and humans is not well understood. Here, we present a novel genome sequence of a marsupial poxvirus, the Eastern grey kangaroopox virus (EKPV-NSW), isolated from a wild eastern grey kangaroo. In the present study, histopathologically confirmed epidermal pox lesions were used to recover the full-length viral genome and perform electron microscopic analysis, with both immature virions and intracellular mature virions detected. Subsequent analysis of the EKPV-NSW genome demonstrated the highest degree of sequence similarity with EKPV-SC strain (91.51%), followed by WKPV-WA (87.93%), and MOCV1 (44.05%). The novel EKPV-NSW complete genome encompasses most of the chordopoxviruses protein coding genes (138) that are required for genome replication and expression, with only three essential protein coding genes being absent. The novel EKPV-NSW is missing 28 predicted genes compared to the recently isolated EKPV-SC, and carries 21 additional unique genes, encoding unknown proteins. Phylogenetic and recombination analyses showed EKPV-NSW to be the distinct available candidate genome of chordopoxviruses.
Bidding strategy of electricity market considering network constraint in new electricity improvement environment
Authors: Zhou Xiaojie , Gao Yajing , Yang Wenhai , Guo Shixiao 
Published: November 2017

This study considers China's new electricity reform and related policies as a prerequisite, makes depth analysis of the power generation and sales companies bidding model, and puts forward the game strategy of single sales company and multiple power producers that considered network constraints based on the principle of dark auction in game theory. Considering the problem of transmission obstruction, a two‐layer optimisation model is established. The lower level makes the maximum profit of the generator as the objective function, using the probability function to describe the quotation behaviour of the competitors, using the average match method to solve the bidder's bid. According to the underlying information, the upper single sales company uses linear programming methods to give low‐cost unit queuing priority, combined with grid operating constraints to calculate the minimum purchase cost. Through the upper and lower models, interactive solution can improve the transaction success rate and reduce the occurrence of transmission congestion. Finally, the modified IEEE14 node example is used to analyse and verify.
Management of Hemostasis for Pediatric Patients on Ventricular-Assist Devices
Authors: Adachi Iki , Kostousov Vadim , Hensch Lisa , Chacon-Portillo Martin , Teruya Jun 
Published: November 2017

AbstractVentricular-assist devices (VADs) have seen increased utilization in the pediatric population. Formerly, this therapeutic modality was limited to only the pulsatile VAD, EXCOR (Berlin Heart GmbH). However, the continuous flow VAD devices, HeartMate II (Abbott Inc.) and HeartWare (Medtronic Inc.), are now increasingly used in this population. Postoperatively, VAD patients are acutely anticoagulated using unfractionated heparin, often beginning 24 to 48 hours after VAD placement. Once the patient is stabilized and ready to transition to a lower acuity or outpatient setting, low-molecular-weight heparin or warfarin therapy may be instituted. Also, because of the risk for thrombotic and thromboembolic complications, antiplatelet strategies are employed using medications such as aspirin, clopidogrel, or dipyridamole. Platelet-rich plasma or whole blood platelet aggregation studies, platelet function analyzer-100 (Siemens), VerifyNow (Accriva Diagnostics), or thromboelastography platelet mapping (Haemonetics) may be used to help monitor antiplatelet effects, though the interpretation of the strength of the antiplatelet effect remains difficult. Care must be taken to monitor the hematologic complications of VAD, including acquired von Willebrand syndrome, which increases the risk for bleeding, and intravascular hemolysis, which increases the risk of thrombosis. Appropriate device placement and anticoagulation management are imperative to help avoid neurological dysfunction and ischemic stroke, the most devastating potential complications of VAD therapy. As our experience grows, we continue to gain an increased understanding of the management of anticoagulation, need for antiplatelet medication, and appropriate monitoring for these critical patients.
The Impact of Hyperosmolarity on Long-Term Outcome in Patients Presenting with Severe Hyperglycemic Crisis: A Population Based Study
Authors: Kruljac Ivan , Ćaćić Miroslav , Ćaćić Petra , Biloš Lora , Kust Davor , Perić Božidar , Filipović-Grčić Maja , Mirošević Gorana , Ostojić Vedran , Štefanović Mario , Vrkljan Milan 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Aims We compared characteristics of patients with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) and patients with severe hyperglycemia without the signs of hyperosmolarity and ketoacidosis; analyzed long-term all-cause mortality and potential prognostic factors.
Methods The studied population included 261 749 adults. HHS was diagnosed in patients with plasma glucose >33.0 mmol/L, ketonuria <1+, and serum osmolarity >320 mmol/L. Patients with plasma glucose >33.0 mmol/L, ketonuria <1+ and serum osmolarity <320 mmol/L were considered as controls (nHHS).
Results During the 5-year period, we observed 68 episodes of HHS in 66 patients and 51 patients with nHHS. Patients with HHS were significantly older, had lower BMI, higher serum C-reactive protein and used diuretics and benzodiazepines more frequently. Mortality rates one, three and 12 months after admission were 19.0, 32.1 and 35.7% in the HHS group, and 4.8, 6.3 and 9.4% in the nHHS group (P<0.001). However, after adjustment for patient age, these differences were not statistically significant. In multivariate Cox regression in HHS group, mortality was positively associated with age, male gender, leukocyte count, amylase, presence of dyspnea and altered mental status, and the use of benzodiazepines, ACE inhibitors and sulphonylureas, while it was inversely associated with plasma glucose, bicarbonate, and the use of thiazides and statins. A nomogram derived from these variables had an accuracy of 89% in predicting lethal outcome.
Conclusions Infection, use of furosemide and benzodiazepines may be important precipitating factors of HHS. Prospective clinical trials are mandatory to analyze the safety of ACE-inhibitors and benzodiazepines in elderly patients with diabetes.
Stellenwert der endoskopischen Karpaltunneldekompression
Authors: Hessenauer Maximilian , Arkudas Andreas , Ludoph Ingo , Polykandriotis Elias , Horch Raymund 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungDas Karpaltunnelsyndrom ist eine der häufigsten Erkrankungen in der Handchirurgie. Goldstandard der Therapie ist die operative Spaltung des Lig. carpi transversum. Neben einer Zusammenfassung der neuesten Erkenntnisse bez. Pathogenese, Diagnostik und Therapie wird hier auf Fragen über minimalinvasive Therapiemodalitäten eingegangen. Insbesondere berichten wir neben einem aktuellen Literaturüberblick unsere eigenen Therapieerfahrungen mit der monoportalen endoskopischen Karpaltunnelspaltung in über 700 Fällen. Zusammenfassend zeigt sich bei gleichwertiger Therapiesicherheit eine Überlegenheit des endoskopischen Verfahrens hinsichtlich der Rekonvaleszenz. Die Vor- und Nachteile der verschiedenen Verfahren werden anhand der Daten diskutiert.