bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Analyzing Respondent-Driven Sampling as a Counting Process
Authors: Berchenko Yakir , Rosenblatt Jonathan D. , Frost Simon D. W. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryRespondent-driven sampling (RDS) is an approach to sampling design and analysis which utilizes the networks of social relationships that connect members of the target population, using chain-referral. RDS sampling will typically oversample participants with many acquaintances. Naïve estimators, such as the sample average, will thus be biased towards the state of the most highly connected individuals. Current methodology cannot estimate population size from RDS, and promotes inverse probability weighted estimators for population parameters such as HIV prevalence. We propose to use the timing of recruitment, typically collected and discarded, in order to estimate the population size via a counting process model. Once population size and degree frequencies are made available, prevalence can be debiased in a post-stratified framework. We adapt methods developed for inference in epidemiology and software reliability to estimate the population size, degree counts and frequencies. A fundamental advantage of our approach is that it makes the assumptions of the sampling design explicit. This enables verification of the assumptions, maximum likelihood estimation, extension with covariates, and model selection. We develop large-sample theory, proving consistency and asymptotic normality. We further compare our estimators to other estimators in the RDS literature, through simulation and real-world data. In both cases, we find our estimators to outperform current methods. The likelihood problem in the model we present is separable, and thus efficiently solvable. We implement these estimators in an accompanying R package, chords, available on CRAN.
Accounting for Cross‐Country Differences in Employee Involvement Practices: Comparative Case Studies in Germany, Brazil and China
Authors: Krzywdzinski Martin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractEmployee involvement is a contested concept in organizations. While the mainstream of the research debate has focused on measuring the strength of employee involvement (EI), this article emphasizes the existence of very different forms of EI. It draws on case studies of the German, Brazilian and Chinese plants of a German automobile manufacturer to analyse forms of EI and to investigate their societal determinants. The article reveals considerable differences in the design of employee involvement between the self‐organization model and the competition/social involvement model. It shows how industrial relations and cultural factors lead to these very different approaches.
Curcuminoid EF24 enhances the anti‐tumour activity of Akt inhibitor MK‐2206 through ROS‐mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in gastric cancer
Authors: Chen Xi , Dai Xuanxuan , Zou Peng , Chen Weiqian , Rajamanickam Vinothkumar , Feng Chen , Zhuge Weishan , Qiu Chenyu , Ye Qingqing , Zhang Xiaohua , Liang Guang 
Published: March 2017

Background and PurposeGastric cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Akt is an anti‐apoptotic kinase that plays a dynamic role in cell survival and is implicated in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. MK‐2206, the first allosteric inhibitor of Akt, is in clinical trials for a number of cancers. Although preclinical studies showed promise, clinical trials reported it had no effect when given alone at tolerated doses. The aim of our study was to delineate the effects of MK‐2206 on gastric cancer cells and explore the ability of combination treatments to enhance the anti‐tumour activity of MK‐2206.Experimental ApproachSGC‐7901, BGC‐823 cells and immunodeficient mice were chosen as a model to study the treatment effects. Changes in cell viability, apoptosis and ROS, endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in the cells were analysed by MTT assays, ROS imaging and FACSCalibur, electron microscopy, JC‐1 staining and western blotting.Key ResultsMK‐2206 induced apoptotic cell death through the generation of ROS. We utilized ROS production to target gastric cancer cells by combining MK‐2206 and an ROS inducer EF24. Our in vitro and in vivo xenograft studies showed that combined treatment with MK‐2206 and EF24 synergistically induced apoptosis in gastric cancer cells and caused cell cycle arrest. These activities were mediated through ROS generation and the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.Conclusion and ImplicationsTargeting ROS generation by using a combination of an Akt inhibitor and EF24 could have potential as a therapy for gastric cancer.
DYNC2H1 mutation causes Jeune syndrome and recurrent lung infections associated with ciliopathy
Authors: Emiralioglu Nagehan , Wallmeier Julia , Olbrich Heike , Omran Heymut , Ozcelik Ugur 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAsphyxiating thoracic dystrophy, also known as Jeune syndrome, is included in a group of syndromic skeletal ciliopathies associated with mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in the formation or function of motile cilia. Herein, we report a 6‐mo‐old male admitted to hospital with recurrent lung infections, thoracic dystrophy, and respiratory distress that was diagnosed as Jeune syndrome; DYNC2H1 mutation was detected via genetic analysis and ciliary dysfunction was noted via high‐speed video microscopy.
Development of allocentric spatial recall from new viewpoints in virtual reality
Authors: Negen James , Heywood‐Everett Edward , Roome Hannah E. , Nardini Marko 
Published: March 2017

AbstractUsing landmarks and other scene features to recall locations from new viewpoints is a critical skill in spatial cognition. In an immersive virtual reality task, we asked children 3.5–4.5 years old to remember the location of a target using various cues. On some trials they could use information from their own self‐motion. On some trials they could use a view match. In the very hardest kind of trial, they were ‘teleported’ to a new viewpoint and could only use an allocentric spatial representation. This approach provides a strict test for allocentric coding (without either a matching viewpoint or self‐motion information) while avoiding additional task demands in previous studies (it does not require them to deal with a small table‐top environment or to manage stronger cue conflicts). Both the younger and older groups were able to point back at the target location better than chance when they could use view matching and/or self‐motion, but allocentric recall was only seen in the older group (4.0–4.5). In addition, we only obtained evidence for a specific kind of allocentric recall in the older group: they tracked one major axis of the space significantly above chance, r(158) = .28, but not the other, r(158) = −.01. We conclude that there is a major qualitative change in coding for spatial recall around the fourth birthday, potentially followed by further development towards fully flexible recall from new viewpoints.
Auditory‐motor adaptation is reduced in adults who stutter but not in children who stutter
Authors: Daliri Ayoub , Wieland Elizabeth A. , Cai Shanqing , Guenther Frank H. , Chang Soo‐Eun 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that adults who stutter produce smaller corrective motor responses to compensate for unexpected auditory perturbations in comparison to adults who do not stutter, suggesting that stuttering may be associated with deficits in integration of auditory feedback for online speech monitoring. In this study, we examined whether stuttering is also associated with deficiencies in integrating and using discrepancies between expected and received auditory feedback to adaptively update motor programs for accurate speech production. Using a sensorimotor adaptation paradigm, we measured adaptive speech responses to auditory formant frequency perturbations in adults and children who stutter and their matched nonstuttering controls. We found that the magnitude of the speech adaptive response for children who stutter did not differ from that of fluent children. However, the adaptation magnitude of adults who stutter in response to auditory perturbation was significantly smaller than the adaptation magnitude of adults who do not stutter. Together these results indicate that stuttering is associated with deficits in integrating discrepancies between predicted and received auditory feedback to calibrate the speech production system in adults but not children. This auditory‐motor integration deficit thus appears to be a compensatory effect that develops over years of stuttering.
The Outcomes and Impact Scale – Revised: the psychometric properties of a scale assessing the impact of service provision
Authors: Koritsas S. , Hagiliassis N. , Cuzzillo C. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe Outcomes and Impact Scale – Revised (O&IS‐R) was developed to measure the impact of service provision on adults with disability. The aim of this research was to explore the psychometric properties of the scale following a recent revision.MethodAdults with disability and/or their carers or support workers participated in the research. Participants were recruited across Australia using a range of strategies and completed the scale in relation to a service or support that they nominated. Two forms of the scale were developed (easy and standard English), which could be completed in hardcopy or via a bespoke website.ResultsThe O&IS‐R demonstrated good internal consistency and alternate form reliability. Factor analysis of the scale revealed one factor that clearly corresponded to the whole of life construct that the scale was designed to measure and, in general, participants with disability and staff understood the intent or purpose of the survey. All domains except the spiritual and political domain were considered to be relevant service outcomes. Some changes to wording were suggested to improve clarity.ConclusionsThe O&IS‐R is a psychometrically sound scale that can be used in service and research settings to measure the impact of services and supports.
Effect of serine protease inhibitor from squid ovary on gel properties of surimi from Indian mackerel
Authors: Singh Avtar , Benjakul Soottawat 
Published: March 2017

AbstractEffects of serine protease inhibitor from squid ovary (SOSPI) and egg white powder (EWP) on gel properties of surimi from Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) were investigated. Breaking force of gel increased when SOSPI levels increased up to 2%. However, EWP showed higher efficiency in increasing breaking force of resulting surimi gel. Nevertheless, SOSPI (0.5–3%) had no effect on deformation. Trichloroacetic acid‐soluble peptide content in surimi gel decreased when the levels of SOSPI and EWP increased (p < .05). This was coincidental with more retained myosin heavy chain. Water holding capacity was increased with the addition of these protein additives, but resulted in lower whiteness. Microstructure study revealed that surimi gel added with 2% EWP was denser and had higher connectivity as compared to that containing 2% SOSPI. The SOSPI had no negative effect on sensory attributes and could serve as the alternative protein additive to improve gel strength of surimi.Practical applicationsSurimi from dark‐fleshed fish is prone to degradation of myofibrillar proteins caused by the endogenous proteases, thereby lowering textural property. To tackle the problem, protease inhibitors (egg white, porcine plasma protein, and bovine plasma protein) have been used by the surimi industries. Due to drawbacks of some particular inhibitors (religious constraints, off‐white color, off odor, etc.), the novel additives are still in demand. Ovary from squid processing industry, commonly discarded as the waste, can be an alternative natural protease inhibitor, which can improve the gel properties of surimi, especially produced from dark‐fleshed fish.
Identity and social solidarity: an ignored connection. A historical perspective on the state of Europe and its nations
Authors: Stråth Bo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe article comments on the ongoing de‐Europeanisation and re‐nationalisation of Europe from a historical perspective. The article argues that the building of national community from the 1870s onwards focused on the problem of social integration where the development of emotional feelings of belonging and solidarity was linked to the building of institutions for social politics in mutually reinforcing dynamics. The social question emerged in the wake of the spread of industrial capitalism. Its role is underexplored in the study of the building of national and European communities. The social question draws attention to the institutional capacity of nationstatesrather than nations based on emotions. Nationalism did not only mean the building of friend‐ enemy distinctions through ethnicity but also national socialism as a conservative reform strategy against class struggle socialism. This contention between two approaches to the problem of social integration moulded together national communities through emotions and institutions without deploying the concept of identity. The article outlines this development, culminating in the (West) European welfare states as nation– states in the strong sense of the merger of these two terms, and how it came to an end in the 1970s when a reverse development began towards social disintegration at the end accompanied by accelerating nationalism and xenophobia. The identity concept was mobilised in 1973 as a tool in the European integration project to compensate for the erosion of social institutions by means of emotions. It was taken over and politicised from having been a technical term in mathematics and psychoanalysis. The politicisation of the identity concept was an indication of a deep identity crisis in Europe and its nations. The identity therapy failed, and the identity crisis remains, accompanied by an ever louder nationalistic and xenophobic vocabulary. Emotions replace institutions. The methodological focus of the article is on the semantics around key concepts such as social politics, solidarity and identity in their historical context as forward‐looking and action‐oriented concepts in the construction of community. This approach with a focus onpast futuresis an alternative to the application of the retrospective analytical concepts of ethnic and civic nationalism outliningpresent pasts.
Multiple functional gastrointestinal disorders linked to gastroesophageal reflux and somatization: A population‐based study
Authors: Choung R. S. , Richard Locke G. , Schleck C. D. , Zinsmeister A. R. , Talley N. J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundIt is unknown why functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) overlap and limited information exists on risk factors for those with overlap. Our aim was to estimate the prevalence of combinations of FGIDs including reflux (FGIDs‐gastroesophageal reflux [GER]), and evaluate potential risk factors for people with multiple disorders in a representative US community.MethodsA population‐based study was conducted by mailing a valid GI symptom questionnaire to an age‐ and gender‐stratified random sample of residents of Olmsted County, MN. Rome III definitions were used to identify people with FGIDs, and GER was defined by weekly or more frequent heartburn or acid regurgitation. The prevalence of people meeting multiple symptom complexes was estimated. Moreover, potential risk factors for people with multiple disorders were evaluated.Key ResultsA total of 3548 people provided data for each of the necessary symptom questions (mean age: 61±16 years, 54% female). Among these 3548 subjects, 2009 (57%) had no FGIDs‐GER, 906 (26%) had a pure FGID‐GER, 372 (10%) had 2 FGIDs‐GER, and 261 (7%) had 3 or more FGIDs‐GER. Somatization as assessed by a higher Somatic Symptom Checklist score (OR=3.3, 95% CI [2.7,4.1]) was associated with an increased odds for those with 3 or more FGIDs‐GER compared to subjects with a pure FGID‐GER adjusting for age and gender.Conclusions and InferencesSymptom complex overlap is common rather than rare in the community. GER is an integral symptom complex associated with both upper and lower FGIDs. Somatization is a strong risk factor for multiple FGIDs.
Thyroid Ultrasound: State of the Art. Part 2 – Focal Thyroid Lesions
Authors: Dighe Manjiri , Barr Richard , Bojunga Jörg , Cantisani Vito , Chammas Maria Cristina , Cosgrove David , Cui Xin Wu , Dong Yi , Fenner Franziska , Radzina Maija , Vinayak Sudhir , Xu Jun Mei , Dietrich Christoph F 
Published: March 2017

Accurate differentiation of focal thyroid nodules (FTL) and thyroid abnormalities is pivotal for proper diagnostic and therapeutic work-up. In these two part articles, the role of ultrasound techniques in the characterization of FTL and evaluation of diffuse thyroid diseases is described to expand on the recently published World Federation in Ultrasound and Medicine (WFUMB) thyroid elastography guidelines and review how this guideline fits into a complete thyroid ultrasound exam.
Transcriptome Sequence of the Bloodstream Form of
Trypanoplasma borreli
, a Hematozoic Parasite of Fish Transmitted by Leeches
Authors: Carrington Mark , Dóró Eva , Forlenza Maria , Wiegertjes Geert F. , Kelly Steven 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Here, we report a transcriptome sequence of
Trypanoplasma borreli
isolated from its natural host, the common carp,
Cyprinus carpio
. The transcriptome allows an analysis of abundant cell surface proteins and acts as a comparator for understanding the evolution and pathogenicity of other
Kinetoplastida
, including several that infect humans.
Genome Sequence of
Euphorbia mosaic virus
from Passionfruit and
Euphorbia heterophylla
in Florida
Authors: Polston J. E. , Londoño M. A. , Cohen A. L. , Padilla-Rodriguez M. , Rosario K. , Breitbart M. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Euphorbia mosaic virus
(EuMV) was found in a symptomatic passionfruit (
Passiflora edulis
) plant from Homestead, Florida, USA, as well as in the symptomatic weed
Euphorbia heterophylla
. This is the first identification of EuMV in Florida and the United States and the first report of a natural infection of passionfruit by EuMV.
Depressive symptoms in high-performance athletes and non-athletes: a comparative meta-analysis
Authors: Gorczynski Paul Filip , Coyle Melissa , Gibson Kass 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveTo assess whether a difference exists in the prevalence of mild or more severe depressive symptoms between high-performance athletes and non-athletes.DesignComparative OR meta-analysis.Data sourcesWe searched PsycINFO, PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and Google Scholar, as well as the reference lists of reviews of mental health issues in high-performance athletes.EligibilityWe included studies that compared high-performance athletes and non-athletes, included a validated measure of depressive symptoms and included the prevalence of individuals who indicated at least mild depressive symptoms.ResultsFive articles reporting data from 1545 high-performance athletes and 1811 non-athletes were examined. A comparative OR meta-analysis found high-performance athletes were no more likely than non-athletes to report mild or more severe depressive symptoms (OR=1.15, 95% CI=0.954 to 1.383, p=0.145). Male high-performance athletes (n=940) were no more likely than male non-athletes (n=605) to report mild or more severe depressive symptoms (OR=1.17, 95% CI=0.839 to 1.616, p=0.362). For females, high-performance athletes (n=948) were no more likely than non-athletes (n=605) to report mild or more severe depressive symptoms (OR=1.11, 95% CI=0.846 to 1.442, p=0.464). Overall, male high-performance athletes (n=874) were 52% less likely to report mild or more severe depressive symptoms than female high-performance athletes (n=705) (OR=0.48, 95% CI=0.369 to 0.621, p<0.001).Summary/conclusionsHigh-performance athletes were just as likely as non-athletes to report depressive symptoms. Researchers need to move beyond self-report measures of depressive symptoms and examine the prevalence of clinically diagnosed depressive disorders in athletes.
Review of criterion-referenced standards for cardiorespiratory fitness: what percentage of 1 142 026 international children and youth are apparently healthy?
Authors: Lang Justin J , Tremblay Mark S , Ortega Francisco B , Ruiz Jonatan R , Tomkinson Grant R 
Published: March 2017

PurposeTo identify criterion-referenced standards for cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF); to estimate the percentage of children and youth that met each standard; and to discuss strategies to help improve the utility of criterion-referenced standards for population health research.MethodsA search of four databases was undertaken to identify papers that reported criterion-referenced CRF standards for children and youth generated using the receiver operating characteristic curve technique. A pseudo-dataset representing the 20-m shuttle run test performance of 1 142 026 children and youth aged 9–17 years from 50 countries was generated using Monte Carlo simulation. Pseudo-data were used to estimate the international percentage of children and youth that met published criterion-referenced standards for CRF.ResultsTen studies reported criterion-referenced standards for healthy CRF in children and youth. The mean percentage (±95% CI) of children and youth that met the standards varied substantially across age groups from 36%±13% to 95%±4% among girls, and from 51%±7% to 96%±16% among boys. There was an age gradient across all criterion-referenced standards where younger children were more likely to meet the standards compared with older children, regardless of sex. Within age groups, mean percentages were more precise (smaller CI) for younger girls and older boys.ConclusionThere are several CRF criterion-referenced standards for children and youth producing widely varying results. This study encourages using the interim international criterion-referenced standards of 35 and 42 mL/kg/min for girls and boys, respectively, to identify children and youth at risk of poor health—raising a clinical red flag.