bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Purtscher’s and Purtscher-like retinopathy etiology, features, management, and outcomes: A summative systematic review of 168 cases
Authors: Serhan Hashem Abu , Abuawwad Mohammad T. , Taha Mohammad J. J. , Hassan Amr K. , Abu-Ismail Luai , Delsoz Mohammad , Alrawashdeh Hamzeh M. , Alkorbi Hamad A. , Moushmoush Obadah , Elnahry Ayman G. 
Published: September 2024

Background
To describe Purtscher’s and Purtscher-like retinopathy clinical features, etiologies, management options, and visual outcomes.

Methods
Our protocol was registered on PROSPERO [registration number: CRD42023406843]. Seven online databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, Medline, ScienceDirect, CENTRAL, clinicaltrials.gov, and Google Scholar. Original articles were included if they reported at least one subject diagnosed with Purtscher’s or Purtscher-like retinopathy. The primary outcome is to describe the clinical features of Purtscher and Purtscher-like retinopathies, including etiologies, results of related investigations, management lines, and visual outcomes. All analyses were conducted with the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27 (IBM SPSS Corp, SPSS Statistics ver. 26, USA) and Cochrane’s RevMan software. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the NIH quality assessment tools.

Results
A total of 114 articles were included, describing 168 cases of Purtscher’s and Purtscher-like retinopathy. Patients were evenly distributed between males (50.89%) and females (49.11%). Average age of patients was 34.62 years old. Trauma was the leading cause of retinopathy, being reported in 39.88% of our patients, followed by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (13.1%) and acute pancreatitis (11.9%). Bilateral symptoms were reported in 57.7% of patients with centrally blurred vision being the most complained symptom (OS: 34.32% and OD: 18%). 75% of patients elicited bilateral retinal findings. Cotton-wool spots were of highest prevalence (58%). Purtscher flecken was seen in 53% of patients. Macular edema was seen in 13% of patients. Overall, patients had a favorable prognosis (53%).

Conclusion
Purtscher’s and Purtscher-like retinopathies are rare sight-threatening retinopathies that develop most commonly following trauma or other systemic diseases as SLE and acute pancreatitis. Little data is available regarding these conditions, and available data is of low quality. Patients develop bilateral disease in approximately 50% of cases, and several retinal findings are observed, with no specific tendency. Most observed signs are cotton-wool spots in around 55% of patients and Purtscher flecken in 51% of patients. Patients spontaneously recovered, although data is not conclusive. No clear prognostic value of etiological factors is identified, and further research is required in this regard.
Text2whaiora after a suicide attempt: Text message design alongside people with lived experience
Authors: Ng Lillian , Diamond Danielle , Ang Mike 
Published: September 2024

Background
People with lived experience have had limited opportunities to meaningfully contribute to the design of caring contacts interventions. The objective of this study was to co-design text messages with peer support specialist staff to determine optimal language and delivery, within a cultural context.

Methods
In this qualitative study, participants were professional peer support specialist staff with lived experience employed by specialist mental health services. They were asked to evaluate the initial series of text messages by taking part in a focus group using a semi-structured interview. This was audiotaped, transcribed and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis with specific coding of cultural themes.

Results
Three main themes were identified: upholding a person’s autonomy; establishing connection as a bridge to safety; and, words as healing rongoā (remedy). The last theme contained a cultural subtheme: Māori language providing entry to the Māori world.

Conclusion
People with lived experience breathe empowerment and hope into caring contacts interventions and should be considered vital partners in developing any suicide prevention initiative. Feeling genuinely cared for promotes connection and may enable an internal sense of safety. Tailoring of texts can be enhanced by culturally nuanced language.
Set aside—A qualitative study of partners’ experiences of pregnancy, labour, and postnatal care in Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Holmlund Sophia , Linden Karolina , Wessberg Anna , Sengpiel Verena , Appelgren Cornelia , Lundmark Lisa , Lindqvist Maria 
Published: September 2024

Background
Due to changes in Swedish maternity care during the COVID-19 pandemic, partners were often excluded from antenatal and postnatal care.

Aim
To explore partners’ experiences of pregnancy, labour, and postnatal care in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions.

Methods
A descriptive qualitative interview study with 15 partners of women who gave birth from March 2020 to March 2022. Data was collected from April to November 2022, and analysed using inductive thematic analysis.

Findings
Two themes and six subthemes were identified. The first theme, Feelings of loss and exclusion, emphasises the expectation and desire to share the journey of becoming a parent together with the pregnant partner. When excluded from maternity care, a feeling of missing out was described which could create a sense of distance from the unborn child. The second theme, Dealing with powerlessness, relates to the fear of infection and not being able to participate during the birth, and life being adapted to restrictions. Mixed feelings regarding the restrictions were described since the reasons behind were not always perceived as clear and logical.

Discussion
Sweden prides itself on gender equality, where partners normally are a natural part of maternity care. This likely contributed to strong feelings of exclusion when partners were prevented from participating in maternity care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion
Partners of women giving birth during the COVID-19 pandemic were substantially affected by the restrictions within maternity care. Partners wish to be involved in pregnancy and birth and want to receive clear information as part of their preparation for parenthood. Society–including maternity care–must decide how to address these needs.
Viral load suppression and HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in persons with HIV on TLD/TAFED in Zambia
Authors: Luwaya Emmanuel L. , Mwape Lackson , Bwalya Kaole , Siakabanze Chileleko , Hamooya Benson M. , Masenga Sepiso K. 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundAn increase in the prevalence of HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) has been reported in recent years, especially in persons on non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) due to their low genetic barrier to mutations. However, there is a paucity of epidemiological data quantifying HIVDR in the era of new drugs like dolutegravir (DTG) in sub-Saharan Africa. We, therefore, sought to determine the prevalence and correlates of viral load (VL) suppression in adult people with HIV (PWH) on a fixed-dose combination of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD) or tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine/dolutegravir (TAFED) and describe patterns of mutations in individuals failing treatment.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study among 384 adults living with HIV aged ≥15 years between 5thJune 2023 and 10thAugust 2023. Demographic, laboratory and clinical data were collected from electronic health records using a data collection form. Viral load suppression was defined as plasma HIV-1 RNA VL of <1000 copies/ml after being on ART for ≥ 6 months. SPSS version 22 to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were the statistical methods used.ResultsThe median (interquartile range (IQR)) age was 22 (IQR 18, 38) years, and 66.1% (n = 254) were females. VL suppression was 90.4% (n = 347); (95% confidence interval (CI) 87.6%-93.6%) after switching to TLD/TAFED. Among the virally suppressed, the majority (67.1%, n = 233) were female. Those who missed ≥2 doses in the last 30 days prior to the most recent review were less likely to attain viral suppression compared to those who did not miss any dose (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.047; 95% CI 0.016–0.136; p<0.001). Four participants had resistance mutations to lamivudine and tenofovir. The most common NRTI mutations were M184MV and K65R while K101E was the most common NNRTI mutation.ConclusionOur findings show that viral suppression was high after switching to TLD/TAFED; but lower than the last 95% target of the UNAIDS. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy was a significant correlate of VL suppression. We, therefore, recommend prompt switching of PWH to TLD/TAFED regimen and close monitoring to enhance adherence to therapy.
Cost-effectiveness of pretreatment HIV drug resistance testing in people living with HIV in Iran
Authors: Mirzaei Hossein , Iranpour Abedin , Esmaeilzadeh Firooz , Barouni Mohsen , Mehrabi Fatemeh , Ranjbar Ebrahim , Sharifi Hamid 
Published: September 2024

Introduction
HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) is an important challenge in the fight against HIV/AIDS and can threaten progress toward achieving the target of HIV elimination by 2030. Genotyping pretreatment HIVDR testing (DRT) has been proposed as a potential solution. However, the cost-effectiveness of this intervention needs to be evaluated to determine its feasibility and potential impact on healthcare systems. This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of DRT among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Iran.

Methods
1000 hypothetical PLHIV were simulated in terms of cost and effectiveness based on quality-adjusted life Years (QALY). The Markov Model was developed to calculate incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) using TreeAge Pro 2020. Deterministic and probabilistic analyses were performed for sensitivity analyses.

Results
Results showed that compared to not performing pretreatment HIVDR testing, this intervention gained 0.035999 QALY with an incremental cost of 1,695.32 USD. The ICER was calculated as 47,093.53 USD, indicating that pretreatment DRT was not cost-effective. The probability of opportunistic infection (OI) in people with viral failure, the effectiveness of Dolutegravir in people without drug resistance, and the quality of life (QoL) of people in the AIDS stage were found to be the most important variables affecting ICER. With an increasing willingness to pay more than 53,000 USD, pretreatment DRT testing will become cost-effective.

Conclusion
Based on our findings, pretreatment HIVDR testing is not currently cost-effective in Iran as it imposes high costs on healthcare systems with few benefits for People living with HIV (PLHIV). However, if resources are available, drug resistance testing can be a valuable tool in generating HIV molecular data and molecular surveillance of HIV.
Are children of key population individuals at higher risk of HIV than other children? Results from a multi-country analysis of routine program data
Authors: Casalini Caterina , Yeiser Sarah , Amanuel Hanna , Gottlieb Amy , Akolo Chris , Toovi Madje Koffivi , Gashobotse Dismas , Mabanza Pablo , Ogwang Bernard , Georges Sandra , Mack Natasha , Srivastava Meena 
Published: September 2024

Introduction
Children of key population individuals (CPK) often face the same stigma and discrimination as their parents, limiting their access to HIV services. The Meeting Targets and Maintaining Epidemic Control project analyzed pediatric HIV testing data from project-supported sites to better understand risk among CKP and improve comprehensive prevention, testing, and treatment for KP families.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of routine program data collected October 1, 2021–September 30, 2022, in project-supported sites in Burundi, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania, and Togo. We compared HIV case finding (defined as the percentage of children diagnosed with HIV among those who were tested) and treatment initiation (defined as the percentage of children diagnosed with HIV who were initiated on antiretroviral therapy) data for children <15 years disaggregated by index versus non-index testing and CKP versus children of non-KP individuals (non-CKP).

Results
A total of 5,651 children were tested (n = 2,974 index testing; n = 2,677 non-index testing). Of those diagnosed with HIV, 33% (181/541) were CKP, with case finding 17% (181 positive/1,070 tested) among CKP and 8% among non-CKP (360 positive/4,581 tested). Almost half of CKP diagnosed were ages 1–4 years. Among the 2,974 (53%) reached through index testing, overall case finding was higher among CKP (17%; 178 positive/1,052 tested) than non-CKP (11%; 219 positive/1,922 tested). Treatment initiation was 97% among CKP and 94% among non-CKP.

Discussion
CKP were identified primarily through index testing which, although considered a priority strategy to identify children at high risk, has not been widely used within KP family networks. Most CKP reached were children of female sex workers, but those of other KPs should also be prioritized.

Conclusions
KP-focused programs have often excluded children, but the case-finding approaches in the project’s KP programs were effective in reaching CKP. Comprehensive, family-centered KP programming is needed that includes family planning, prevention of vertical transmission, early infant diagnosis, and other maternal and child health services to reduce the impact of HIV on families and achieve an HIV-free generation.
Uncertain Commitment Power in a Durable Good Monopoly
Authors: Seres Gyula 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper considers dynamic pricing strategies in a durable good monopoly model with uncertain commitment power to set price paths. The type of monopolist is private information of the firm and not observable to consumers. If commitment to future prices is not possible, the initial price is high in equilibrium, but the firm falls prey to the Coase conjecture later to capture the residual demand. The relative price cut is increasing in the probability of commitment as buyers anticipate that a steady price is likely and purchase early. Pooling in prices may occur for perpetuity if commitment is sufficiently weak.
Reverse Factoring Schemes and Their Implications for the Fairness of Supply-Chain Relations in the European Union. Current Issues and Potential Solutions from a Comparative Perspective
Authors: Sabatino Gianmatteo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The manuscript discusses the evolution and some relevant legal issues pertaining to the legal figure of reverse factoring, focusing, in particular, on the European context. In the first place, while developing a comparative analysis of some important national regulatory settings, the paper aims to investigate how different contract laws, through the combination of general principles and special provisions, attempt to address critical issues and potential abuses connected to the use of reverse factoring schemes, such as, most notably, the coercion of parties into entering such schemes. On the other hand, the elements drawn from the comparative analysis are meant to be framed within the dimension of EU law, in order to reconstruct potential regulatory hypotheses and solutions at the EU level, also in the light of fairness concerns which, in the EU internal market and especially from the side of Small and Medium Enterprises, arise from the widespread use of reverse factoring, mostly revolving around exploitation of small-sized suppliers by powerful buyers.
Crystal structure of 2-chloro-4-fluorobenzyl (R)-2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)propanoate, C21H18ClFO3
Authors: Chen Guohua 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
C21H18ClFO3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 34.657(5) Å, b = 6.0214(8) Å, c = 8.2301(11) Å, β = 93.883(5)°, V = 1713.5(4) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0683, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1435, T = 205(2) K.
The crystal structure of 4-(4-phenyl-5-(((1-(2,4,6-tribromophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)thio)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)pyridine, C22H14Br3N7S
Authors: Al-Sa’doni Haitham , El-Naggar Mohamed , Shehadi Ihsan A. , Hasan Kamrul , Khanfar Monther A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
C22H14Br3N7S, H2O, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 8.9098(17) Å, b = 9.422(2) Å, c = 15.702(4) Å, α = 86.453(9)°, β = 78.382(7)°, γ = 69.477(7)°, V = 1209.1(5) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt
(F) = 0.0315, wRref
(F
2) = 0.0802, T = 100(2) K.
Reconciling Contradictory Archaeological Survey Data: A Case Study from Central Crete, Greece
Authors: Drillat Quentin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Rescue archaeology in urban contexts often opens small windows on ancient settlements that need to be combined to better perceive the history of these settlements. This article suggests that the same combinatory approach should be employed with survey data. Indeed, archaeological surveys can split single ancient settlements into multiple archaeological sites due to visibility changes. It implies that the perception we have of legacy datasets must change: errors in location data might occur in older, and especially pre-GPS, survey datasets, but the fact that more recent projects have not been able to find sites on the exact same spots might also be related to changes in visibility windows. Using a case study from central Crete, Greece, where two survey projects were conducted in the same area, this article suggests that the variability in location data of sites recorded during survey projects can provide new insights into settlement patterns and dynamics. Notably, evidence of grouped settlements is found, including for periods such as Late Minoan II and Late Minoan III C, previously known for a strong decrease in large settlements’ occupation.
A linear algorithm for obtaining the Laplacian eigenvalues of a cograph
Authors: Chen Guantao , Tura Fernando C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this article, we give an

O

(

n

)

O\left(n)

time and space algorithm for obtaining the Laplacian eigenvalues of a cograph. This approach is more efficient as there is no need to directly compute the eigenvalues of Laplacian matrix related to this class of graphs. As an application, we use this algorithm as a tool for obtaining a closed formula for the number of spanning trees of a cograph.
Les deux problèmes publics de l’affaire Robert
Authors: Aubin France , Houle Sébastien , Simard Jeanne 
Published: September 2024

L’article revient sur le premier cas de divulgation à avoir été traité par le Protecteur du citoyen après l’adoption de la Loi facilitant la divulgation d’actes répréhensibles à l’égard des organismes publics (LFDAROP) : l’affaire Robert. Abordant l’affaire dans la perspective de la sociologie politique des problèmes publics, l’article montre qu’il s’agit non pas d’un, mais de deux problèmes publics : celui de l’ingérence du secteur privé dans la recherche publique et celui de la protection des lanceurs d’alerte contre les représailles. Après un retour sur les différentes solutions proposées aux deux problèmes, nous soulignons le rôle déterminant des médias avant de proposer quelques réflexions sur le projet de loi no 53 Loi édictant la Loi sur la protection contre les représailles liées à la divulgation d’actes répréhensibles et modifiant d’autres dispositions législatives, adopté récemment, en mai dernier.
Comparing the prognostic impact of 131I and/or artificial liver support system on liver function failure combined with hyperthyroidism
Authors: Fang Danzhou , Li Shiying , Zhou Changgu , Wang Yirui , Yuan Gengbiao , Zhang HuiHui , Rao Maohua 
Published: September 2024

Objective
Hyperthyroidism, a prevalent endocrine disorder, can lead to complications such as liver failure due to the liver's essential role in thyroid hormone metabolism. The study aimed to elucidate the respective contributions of 131I and/or ALSS in managing hyperthyroidism alongside liver failure.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was carried out on 74 patients diagnosed with severe liver failure in the context of Graves' disease. Patients were categorized into three groups: group A (n = 34) received 131I treatment, group B (n = 17) underwent 131I and ALSS treatment, and group C (n = 24) received artificial liver support system (ALSS) treatment alone.

Results
Throughout the treatment period, the liver function indexes in all groups exhibited a declining trend. The thyroid function of group A and group B treated with 131I was significantly improved compared to that before treatment. There was no significant change in thyroid function in group C. After the correction of hyperthyroidism, significant improvements were observed in the liver function of individuals in groups A and B, particularly with more noticeable amelioration compared to group C. After two months of treatment, the efficacy rates for the three groups were 79.41%, 82.35%, and 60.87% respectively. Mortality rates of the three groups were 5.88%, 17.65%, and 36% (P < 0.01). Group B, receiving both 131I and ALSS treatments, exhibited a lower mortality rate than group C.

Conclusion
In cases of severe liver failure accompanied by hyperthyroidism, prompt administration of 131I is recommended to alleviate the adverse effects of hyperthyroidism on liver function and facilitate a conducive environment for the recovery of liver functionality.
Graves’ hyperthyroidism treated with potassium iodide: early response and after 2 years of follow-up
Authors: Fujikawa Megumi , Okamura Ken 
Published: September 2024

Objective
As thionamide is associated with various adverse effects, we re-evaluated the practical efficacy of potassium iodide (KI) therapy for Graves’ hyperthyroidism (GD).

Methods
We administered KI (mainly 100 mg/day) to 324 untreated GD patients and added methimazole (MMI) only to those remaining thyrotoxic even at 200 mg/day. When the patient became hypothyroid, MMI, if taken was stopped, then levothyroxine (LT4) was added without reducing the KI dose. Radioactive iodine (RI) therapy or thyroidectomy was performed whenever required. We evaluated the early effects of KI at 2–4 weeks and followed patients for 2 years.

Results
At 2 weeks, serum thyroid hormone levels decreased in all 324 patients. At 4 weeks, fT4, fT3, and both fT4 and fT3 levels became normal or low in 74.7%, 50.6%, and 50.6% of patients, respectively. In a cross-sectional survey over 2 years, GD was well-controlled with KI or KI + LT4 (KI-effective) in >50% of patients at all time points. Among 288 patients followed for 2 years, 42.7% remained ‘KI-effective’ throughout the 2 years (KI Group), 30.9% were well-controlled with additional MMI given for 1–24 months, and 26.4% were successfully treated with ablative therapy (mainly RI). Among ‘KI-effective’ patients at 4 weeks, 76.5% were classified into the KI Group. No patients experienced adverse effects from KI.

Conclusion
KI therapy was useful in the treatment of GD. A sufficient dose of KI was effective in >50% of GD patients from 4 weeks to 2 years, and 42.7% (76.5% of ‘KI-effective’ patients at 4 weeks) remained ‘KI-effective’ throughout the 2 years.
The need for practicality and applicability: A longitudinal study involving pre-service English teachers
Authors: Simon Krisztián 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA key issue that teacher training programmes need to address is how well the contents of various methodology courses translate to in-class uses for pre-service teachers to use during their teaching practices. The paper addresses the problem from multiple angles in a longitudinal project that collected quantitative and qualitative data regarding fourth-year Hungarian pre-service English teachers' views about the practicality and applicability of various EFL methodology course contents. The study found that the key needs pre-service teachers have in connection to the applicability of their course contents corresponds to their developing identities as future teachers. Conclusions are drawn regarding a possible support model utilizing semi-open ended teaching material support and the application possibilities of blended learning.