bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Twitter to Understand Public Perceptions Regarding the #HPV Vaccine: Opportunities for Public Health Nurses to Engage in Social Marketing
Authors: Keim‐Malpass Jessica , Mitchell Emma M. , Sun Emily , Kennedy Christine 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectivesGiven the degree of public mistrust and provider hesitation regarding the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, it is important to explore how information regarding the vaccine is shared online via social media outlets. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the content of messaging regarding the HPV vaccine on the social media and microblogging site Twitter, and describe the sentiment of those messages.Design and SampleThis study utilized a cross‐sectional descriptive approach. Over a 2‐week period, Twitter content was searched hourly using key terms “#HPV and #Gardasil,” which yielded 1,794 Twitter posts for analysis. Each post was then analyzed individually using an a priori coding strategy and directed content analysis.ResultsThe majority of Twitter posts were written by lay consumers and were sharing commentary about a media source. However, when actual URLs were shared, the most common form of share was linking back to a blog post written by lay users. The vast majority of content was presented as polarizing (either as a positive or negative tweet), with 51% of the Tweets representing a positive viewpoint.ConclusionsUsing Twitter to understand public sentiment offers a novel perspective to explore the context of health communication surrounding certain controversial issues.
Cognitive decline and slower reaction time in elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Chen Ko‐Chia , Weng Chia‐Ying , Hsiao Sigmund , Tsao Wen‐Long , Koo Malcolm 
Published: March 2017

AimThe relationship between declining performance, as measured by changes in reaction time, and declining cognitive function has not been critically studied. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between reaction time during a task and cognitive ability in elderly Taiwanese individuals.MethodsPatients aged 65 years or older with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 33) and Alzheimer’s disease (n = 26) were recruited from the neurology clinic of a regional hospital in southern Taiwan. In addition, 28 healthy controls aged 65 years or older were recruited from the community. The cognitive performance of the study participants was assessed using the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI). A computer‐administered simple reaction time (SRT) task and a flanker reaction time (FRT) task were administered to assess participants’ cognitive function. A non‐parametric Kruskal–Wallis test was performed to compare CASI scores, SRT, and FRT among the three groups. anova was also used to compare CASI scores, inverse‐transformed SRT, and inverse‐transformed FRT among the three groups, with adjustment for age and years of education. Additionally, Pearson’s partial correlation coefficients were used to assess the association of CASI scores with inverse‐transformed SRT, and inverse‐transformed FRT within each of the three groups.ResultsSignificant differences in CASI scores, SRT, and FRT were found between the Alzheimer’s disease group and the other two groups, either with or without adjustment for age or education. The reaction time of patients with Alzheimer’s disease was significantly slower than the other two groups. Moreover, significant correlation between CASI and FRT was found in patients with MCI.ConclusionAltered performance in a speed task was observed in patients with MCI. The FRT task should further be explored for its role as a marker for cognitive decline in elderly individuals, particularly in those with MCI.
Diagnóstico y evaluación de las viviendas en el patrimonio arquitectónico de Mendoza, Argentina
Authors: Cirvini Silvia A. , Manzini Lorena 
Published: March 2017

Este artículo aborda el análisis y la evaluación de una fracción específica de la producción arquitectónica, las viviendas de valor patrimonial, dentro del territorio del área metropolitana de Mendoza, Argentina. En su desarrollo hemos considerado como fuentes, por una parte, investigaciones anteriores que han permitido comprender el desarrollo histórico y la evolución de este tipo de edificios en la arquitectura de la ciudad, y por otra, apelamos a los datos primarios de un proyecto concluido recientemente sobre el patrimonio arquitectónico del área metropolitana de Mendoza. El análisis y evaluación de las características arquitectónicas, posibilidades y límites de este conjunto de viviendas, contribuye en la proposición de directrices y en el diseño de estrategias sobre las cuales orientar la conservación y la puesta en valor de los bienes. Lamentablemente, en la última década se ha incrementado la pérdida de estas obras, ya sea por desvalorización de su importancia cultural como por las fuertes presiones del mercado inmobiliario, por lo cual se conservan cada vez menos ejemplares de cada agrupamiento tipológico. La investigación histórica ha brindado en nuestro trabajo el marco interpretativo de los bienes patrimoniales relevados, y nos ha permitido dibujar un mapa explicativo de la evolución particular de este tipo de edificios: las viviendas. Si la historia nos permite reconstruir lo que fue, lo patrimonial nos permite en el presente evaluar lo que queda, como testimonio fragmentario que puede actuar de soporte de la memoria histórica vinculada a las formas del habitar en el desarrollo socio cultural de la ciudad y su enclave en el oasis norte de la provincia.
Caracterización y tipificación de la vivienda rural en la cuenca media del río Guáitara, Nariño Caracterización espacial y tecnológica de la vivienda rural como parte de la valoración patrimonial del camino principal andino Qhapaq Ñan
Authors: Sánchez Gerardo Hernando , Afanador Hernández Claudia , Castillo Valencia William Arturo 
Published: March 2017

La incidencia de la cultura Inca se hace presente en Colombia con arquitectura prehispánica gracias a la arteria principal de caminos identificado como el Qhapaq Ñan; sistema vial andino que data de las crónicas de historiadores desde la conquista, que permitió la transformación y adaptabilidad del entorno en el tiempo y en el espacio y, posterior a ello, con la aparición de la nueva cultura hispánica, influenció los conceptos de habitabilidad y manejo del suelo en función de las actividades de producción, tenencia, forma y tamaño de la tierra. Estudiar la tipificación de la vivienda rural y campesina de la cuenca media del río Guáitara, teniendo en cuenta que este territorio fue habitado por el Pueblo de los Pastos en la época prehispánica, y que junto con el Qhapaq Ñan Sistema Vial Andino, configuran un paisaje cultural, patrimonio histórico de la región, hace necesario posibilitar su puesta en valor desde varios campos del conocimiento; a través de las ciencias aplicadas como la arquitectura, la geografía y las ciencias sociales como la antropología, la sociología y la historia. La vivienda constituye uno de los componentes de mayor relevancia cultural de los pueblos y en ella se encuentra materializada la cosmovisión de sus habitantes; es desde allí que la gente se proyecta hacia su entorno geográfico, la estructura social y económica de la región.
Growth Convergence and the Middle-Income Trap
Authors: Ito Takatoshi 
Published: March 2017

Emerging market economies in East Asia have followed a similar growth path (growth convergence) from a low-income, high-growth state to a middle-income, middle-growth state through industrialization. The economic development of Japan was followed by the “four tigers” (Hong Kong, China; the Republic of Korea; Singapore; and Taipei,China) in the 1970s; and subsequently by members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations in the 1980s and the People's Republic of China in the 1990s and 2000s. The growth rates of Asian economies are slowing over time and may fall to advanced economy levels before incomes fully catch up with the advanced economies. This is defined as the middle-income trap in the paper. This paper proposes that there exist three convergence paths in Asia: low income, middle income, and high income. Economies need to shift from one convergence path to a higher one by implementing economic and political reforms that can generate innovation. Without reform, economies may fall into a low- or middle-income trap.
Social Media Use and Episodic Heavy Drinking Among Adolescents
Authors: Brunborg Geir Scott , Andreas Jasmina Burdzovic , Kvaavik Elisabeth 
Published: March 2017

Objectives Little is known about the consequences of adolescent social media use. The current study estimated the association between the amount of time adolescents spend on social media and the risk of episodic heavy drinking. Methods A school-based self-report cross-sectional study including 851 Norwegian middle and high school students (46.1% boys). Measures: frequency and quantity of social media use. Frequency of drinking four or six (girls and boys, respectively) alcoholic drinks during a single day (episodic heavy drinking). The MacArthur Scale of Subjective Social Status, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale – Brief, the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items for Adolescents, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire Peer Relationship problems scale, gender, and school grade. Results Greater amount of time spent on social media was associated with greater likelihood of episodic heavy drinking among adolescents ( OR = 1.12, 95% CI (1.05, 1.19), p = 0.001), even after adjusting for school grade, impulsivity, sensation seeking, symptoms of depression, and peer relationship problems. Conclusion The results from the current study indicate that more time spent on social media is related to greater likelihood of episodic heavy drinking among adolescents.
Markers of disease and steroid responsiveness in paediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: Whole-transcriptome sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Authors: Kang Hee Gyung , Seo Heewon , Lim Jae Hyun , Kim Jong Il , Han Kyoung Hee , Park Hye Won , Koo Ja Wook , Kim Kee Hyuck , Kim Ju Han , Cheong Hae Il , Ha Il-Soo 
Published: March 2017

Objective To identify markers of disease and steroid responsiveness in paediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Methods Whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with NS. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in patients with active NS vs those in remission, and those with steroid-sensitive NS (SSNS) vs steroid-resistant NS (SRNS). Results A total of 1065 DEGs were identified in patients with NS ( n = 10) vs those in remission ( n = 9). These DEGs correlated with cytokine and/or immune system signalling and the extracellular matrix. Comparisons between SSNS ( n = 6) and SRNS ( n = 4) identified 1890 DEGs. These markers of steroid responsiveness were enriched with genes related to the cell cycle, targets of microRNAs, and genes related to cytokines. Conclusions Meaningful DEGs were identified. Additional studies with larger numbers of patients will provide more comprehensive data.
The effects of corrective surgery on endothelial biomarkers and anthropometric data in children with congenital heart disease
Authors: Chung Hung-Tao , Chang Yu-Sheng , Liao Sui-Ling , Lai Shen-Hao 
Published: March 2017

Objective To investigate the influence of surgical correction on biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in children with congenital heart disease and to evaluate anthropometric data. Methods Children with pulmonary hypertension (PH) or Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) who were scheduled for corrective surgery were enrolled in this prospective study. Age-matched healthy children were included as controls. Demographic, haemodynamic and cardiac ultrasonography data were collected. Blood samples were taken pre-surgery, 24–48 hours post-surgery and again 3–6 months later. Several biomarkers (protein C, soluble platelet selectin [CD62P], soluble endothelium selectin [CD62E], soluble leukocyte selectin [CD62L], plasma von Willebrand Factor [vWF] atrial natriuretic peptide [ANP], brain natriuretic peptide[(BNP] and insulin-like growth factor-1 [IGF-1]) were measured. Results Sixty-three children (32 with PH, 15 with TOF, and 16 controls) were enrolled. No significant differences between the PH and TOF groups were observed in the expression of biomarkers pre- and post-surgery. IGF-1 levels were closely related to anthropometric data, particularly those children with PH. Expression of IGF-1 and weight/height normalized after corrective surgery. Conclusions No significant endothelial dysfunction was observed in children with PH or TOF before or after corrective surgery. Significant retardation of growth, particularly weight, was found before surgery and may be related to IGF-1 suppression.
A Study of Use of “PORT” Catheter in Patients with Cancer: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Madabhavi Irappa , Patel Apurva , Sarkar Malay , Anand Asha , Panchal Harsha , Parikh Sonia 
Published: March 2017

Background: Effective and reliable venous access is one of the cornerstones of modern medical therapy in oncology. Materials and methods: This is a prospective observational study, which collected data of patients who require “PORT” catheter insertion for any cancer, at a tertiary care oncology hospital in Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India, during a 2-year period. Aims and objectives: The main objective of this study was to study the various complications and outcomes related to “PORT” catheters. Results: “PORT” catheter was inserted in 100 patients and was most commonly used in solid malignancies (n = 86, 86%), followed by hematologic malignancies (n = 14, 14%). Among the solid malignancies, breast cancer (38, 38%) was the most common underlying disease, whereas among the hematologic malignancies, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (6, 6%) was the most common underlying disease for “PORT” catheter insertion. Chemotherapy was started on the first day of “PORT” catheter in 74% of patients in the “PORT” study group. The various complications developed in the “PORT” study group in the descending order are as follows: 4 patients (4%) developed early infection (⩽30 days after “PORT” placement), 4 (4%) late infection (⩾30 days after “PORT” placement), 4 (4%) bloodstream infection, 2 (2%) local skin infection at the “PORT” insertion site, 2 (2%) dislodgment of the “PORT” catheter, 2 (2%) fracture of the “PORT” catheter, and 1 recurrent pleural effusion. One patient (1%) developed thrombosis as the complication of “PORT” catheter insertion. Conclusions: The most disturbing aspect of treatment for a patient with cancer is multiple painful venipunctures made for administration of cytotoxic agents, antibiotics, blood products, and nutritional supplements. The focus of this prospective observational research is to study the various underlying diseases for which “PORT” catheter is needed in different solid and hematologic malignancies and the various complications and outcomes in pediatric and adult patients with cancer.
Primary Melanotic Paraganglioma of Thyroid Gland: Report of a Rare Case With Clinicopathologic and Immunohistochemical Analysis and a Literature Review
Authors: Dong Yan-jun , Zhang Zhi-wen , Wang Zhen , Wang Xin-ying , Tian Zhi-zhen , Zhang Xiang-sheng 
Published: March 2017

Background: Pigmented paraganglioma is a special type of paraganglioma, and it is rare in the thyroid. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 41-year-old woman who had complained of a mass in the thyroid gland. Histology revealed tumor cells arranged in a nest-like or organoid pattern, separated by delicate fibrovascular septa. Two distinct components were observed. In the first, which constituted the majority of the tumor cells, no pigments were observed. In the second, a few cells with pigment showed intercellular substance, but the structure was unclear. Using immunohistochemistry, cells in the first component were confirmed to be diffuse strong positive for synaptophysin, but negative for chromogranin A, pan-cytokeratin, calcitonin, and thyroglobulin. About 1% of tumor cells were stained by Ki-67. In the margins of the tumor, a few cells were observed to be positive for HMB-45 and Melan A after bleaching by oxalic acid. The stromal cells were positive for S-100. Using electron microscopy, a few cells containing many round melanin bodies with greater electron density granules of nonuniform size were observed. The diagnosis of primary melanotic paraganglioma of the thyroid gland was made. Conclusion: Primary melanotic paraganglioma of the thyroid gland is a rare, low malignant potential tumor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case described.
Relationship Between Exclusive Breastfeeding and Lower Risk of Childhood Obesity: A Narrative Review of Published Evidence
Authors: Uwaezuoke Samuel N , Eneh Chizoma I , Ndu Ikenna K 
Published: March 2017

Background: The pattern of infant feeding during the first 1000-day period—from conception to the second birthday—has a significant influence on the child’s growth trajectory. The relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and lower risk of childhood obesity has elicited much scientific interest, given the fact that this form of malnutrition is becoming a global epidemic. Aim: This narrative review aims to examine the evidence in the literature linking exclusive breastfeeding with reduction in obesity in children. Literature search: Using appropriate search terms, PubMed database was searched for relevant articles that met the review objective. Results: Evidence for the protective effect of exclusive breastfeeding against childhood obesity have been provided by studies which explored 5 physiologic mechanisms and those that established the causality between breastfeeding and lower risk of obesity. The few studies that disputed this relationship highlighted the influence of confounding factors. A new insight on molecular mechanisms, however, points to a direct and indirect effect of human milk oligosaccharides on the prevention of overweight and obesity. Conclusions: The preponderance of current evidence strongly suggests that exclusivity in breastfeeding can prevent the development of obesity in children.
Leveraging Research to Advance Undergraduate HRD Education: An Introduction
Authors: Greer Tomika W. , Collins Joshua C. 
Published: March 2017

The Problem As undergraduate human resource development (HRD) programs continue to develop in the United States, faculty face challenges related to finding tools, resources, and curriculum to effectively teach the principles and practices of the field to traditional college students. Most of the existing research regarding academic programs in HRD is based on graduate programs and is, therefore, less attentive to the potential of undergraduate programs as a viable pathway to the HRD profession. Little scholarship exists to address this important, pressing, and timely issue. The Solution This issue of Advances in Developing Human Resources addresses the gap in knowledge regarding better practices for teaching and learning in undergraduate HRD programs and contains the first collection of focused examinations of HRD undergraduate students, programs, and experiences. This collection of articles gives direction for building undergraduate HRD curricula and enhancing its relevance for traditional college students, identifies relevant competencies for undergraduate HRD programs, and provides insight into alumni perspectives of the value of an undergraduate degree in HRD. The Stakeholders The primary audience is HRD faculty, scholars, and scholar-practitioners who engage with undergraduate students or hope to in the future. Secondary audiences include human resource management (HRM), management, adult educators, higher education administrators, career counselors, and other professionals who are involved with enhancing the extent to which undergraduate students and new graduates are equipped to make meaningful contributions to organizations.
Frequency of hypertension in hospitalized population with osteoporotic fractures: Epidemiological retrospective analysis of Hospital Discharge Data in the Apulian database for the period 2006–2010
Authors: Notarnicola Angela , Tafuri Silvio , Maccagnano Giuseppe , Moretti Lorenzo , Moretti Biagio 
Published: March 2017

Osteoporosis and hypertension are two widespread diseases, which share many of the same risk factors such as advanced age, early menopause, smoking, and physical inactivity. The aim of this study is to examine the association between fragility fractures, anti-hypertensive drugs (subgroup C02, according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system [ATC]), diuretics (subgroup C03), b-blocker (subgroup C07), calcium antagonist (subgroup C08) and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system regulator (subC09), and drugs administration for osteoporosis among the osteoporotic population of a region of Southern Italy. We retrospectively studied “Hospital Discharge Data” (HDD) in the Apulian database for the period 2006–2010 to find fragility fractures treated with hospitalization in men aged over 65 years and in women aged over 50 years. We then checked the database for drug prescriptions to identify those patients who had taken at least one osteoporosis drug. Within this latter group, based on hospital admissions and prescription records, we identified the patients affected with hypertension. We observed that, between 2006 and 2010, in Apulia, 177,639 patients were hospitalized and diagnosed as having fragility fractures. The prevalence of hypertension patients in Apulia in this period was estimated at 44.3%. In the same region and period, the prevalence of patients with fragility fracture, who also had hypertension, was 80.9%. The percentage of fracture was lowest in the female population aged 50–59 years (52.5%), while the highest was in women aged > 80 years (92.5%). We observed that in hypertensive patients the most frequent site of fracture was the femur (43,638 cases), while the least frequent were the tarsus and metatarsus (742 cases combined). The patients who took angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and diuretic drugs presented a higher number of fragility fractures, while the calcium antagonists, beta-blockers, and ATC anti-hypertensive drugs were linked to a reduced incidence of lesions. Hypertension is associated with increased fracture risk in the Apulia population. The bone demineralization effect of this disease should be taken into account during the management of these patients. The different distribution of fragility fractures in relation to anti-hypertensive treatment warrants further investigation.
Diagnostic accuracy of single-compartment magnetic resonance arthrography in detecting common causes of chronic wrist pain
Authors: Asaad A. M. , Andronic A. , Newby M. P. , Harrison J. W. K. 
Published: March 2017

We reviewed a series of 50 consecutive wrist arthroscopy patients who had been investigated pre-operatively by direct magnetic resonance arthrography and calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and overall accuracy of magnetic resonance arthrography in detecting full-thickness triangular fibrocartilage complex tears, intrinsic carpal ligamentous lesions, wrist synovitis and chondral lesions in the radiocarpal joint. The sensitivities of magnetic resonance arthrography in detecting central triangular fibrocartilage complex tears, peripheral triangular fibrocartilage complex tears, scapholunate ligament tears, lunotriquetral ligament tears, dorsal synovitis and radiocarpal chondral lesions were 89%, 63%, 71%, 100%, 32% and 65%, respectively, and its specificities in detecting these lesions were 91%, 98%, 89%, 94% 94% and 97%, respectively. This study suggests that single compartment direct wrist magnetic resonance arthrography can provide high diagnostic accuracy for full-thickness triangular fibrocartilage lesions, intrinsic carpal ligament tears and chondral lesions in the radiocarpal joint, but that it is much less accurate in diagnosing synovitis of the radiocarpal joint. Level of evidence: III