bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alpine Tourism and ‘Masked Transformation’: Salzburg and Tyrol before 1914
Authors: Cole Laurence , Scharf Katharina 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The article undertakes a comparative analysis of tourism’s role in transformation processes in the Austrian crownlands of Salzburg and Tyrol from the mid-19th to the early 20th century. The authors outline the overall pattern of tourist development in the alpine region, before considering the impact of tourism on the host societies in the two neighboring provinces. They argue that two features of the transformation process proved ambivalent. Firstly, the development of tourism regions resulted from a process of negotiation and confrontation between those favouring and those opposing tourist activities. Secondly, regional transformation took place in ‘masked form’ because, alongside the creation of tourist facilities and infrastructures, many features of ‘traditional’ society were maintained. In addition, the article suggests that a more precise understanding of the transformation process requires differentiation between ‘adaptive transformation’ (the adjustment of existing enterprises and facilities to tourism) and ‘industrial transformation’ (the construction of dedicated areas of tourism-centered activity).
The Magnitostroi of Health: Sochi and the Transformation of the Caucasian Black Sea Coast as a Model for Regional Development in the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation
Authors: Noack Christian 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
In the run-up to the Sochi Winter Olympics in 2014, the Russian leadership repeatedly declared the games to be exemplary for future regional development projects within the country. Treating Sochi as a model case for regional development has a long pre-history, going back to the period of ‘high Stalinism’. Discussing the consecutive development plans for Sochi since the 1930s, this article suggests that in the case of Sochi, Moscow’s methods of octroying centrally planned grandiose schemes with massive short-term investment ‘against all odds’ displayed a high degree of consistency over time. Stalin’s plans to create a ‘world-class’ resort, the ambitious plans to accommodate a genuine Soviet mass tourism in the 1960s and 70s in ‘Great Sochi’ as well as the preparation of the 2014 Olympics habitually produced significant discrepancies between the aspired aims of Soviet development and its socio-economic and ecologic consequences in the region.
Uphill and Downhill Histories. How Winter Tourism Transformed Alpine Regions in Vorarlberg, Austria – 1930 to 1970
Authors: Groß Robert 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWinter tourism developed an enormous transformative power. The example of Austria’s westernmost province of Vorarlberg is used in this article to highlight the changing role of ski lifts from three different perspectives: Firstly, an analysis of funding schemes for ski lifts reveals their economic vulnerability, which snowfall patterns augmented. Secondly, ski-lift entrepreneurs aimed to lower risks of insolvency by accelerating the uphill and downhill flows of people and by manipulating snow and topography. This, thirdly, was made possible by driving back private property rights in favor of the winter-tourism industry. Combining these three perspectives provides a deeper understanding of the transformation of landscapes in alpine regions between 1930 and 1970.
Feinberg-Horodecki Equation with Pöschl-Teller Potential: Space-like Coherent States
Authors: Arda Altuğ , Sever Ramazan 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
We obtain the quantised momentum solutions, 𝒫
n
, of the Feinberg-Horodecki equation. We study the space-like coherent states for the space-like counterpart of the Schrödinger equation with trigonometric Pöschl-Teller potential that is constructed by temporal counterpart of the spatial Pöschl-Teller potential.
Sharing of Genes and Pathways Across Complex Phenotypes: A Multilevel Genome-Wide Analysis
Authors: Gui Hongsheng , Kwan Johnny S , Sham Pak C , Cherny Stacey S , Li Miaoxin 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Evidence from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) suggest that pleiotropic effects on human complex phenotypes are very common. Recently, an atlas of genetic correlations among complex phenotypes has broadened our understanding of human diseases and traits. Here, we examine genetic overlap, from a gene-centric perspective, among the same 24 phenotypes previously investigated for genetic correlations. After adopting the multilevel pipeline (freely available at http://grass.cgs.hku.hk/limx/kgg/), which includes intragenic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), genes, and gene-sets, to estimate genetic similarities across phenotypes, a large amount of sharing of several biologically related phenotypes was confirmed. In addition, significant genetic overlaps were also found among phenotype pairs that were previously unidentified by SNP-level approaches. All these pairs with new genetic links are supported by earlier epidemiological evidence, although only a few of them have pleiotropic genes in the GWAS Catalog. Hence, our gene and gene-set analyses are able to provide new insights into cross-phenotype connections. The investigation on genetic sharing at three different levels presents a complementary picture of how common DNA sequence variations contribute to disease comorbidities and trait manifestations.
Maternal Torso-Like Coordinates Tissue Folding During Drosophila Gastrulation
Authors: Johnson Travis K , Moore Karyn A , Whisstock James C , Warr Coral G 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The rapid and orderly folding of epithelial tissue during developmental processes such as gastrulation requires the precise coordination of changes in cell shape. Here, we report that the perforin-like protein Torso-like (Tsl), the key extracellular determinant for Drosophila embryonic terminal patterning, also functions to control epithelial morphogenesis. We find that tsl null mutants display a ventral cuticular hole phenotype that is independent of the loss of terminal structures, and arises as a consequence of mesoderm invagination defects. We show that the holes are caused by uncoordinated constriction of ventral cell apices, resulting in the formation of an incomplete ventral furrow. Consistent with these data, we find that loss of tsl is sensitive to gene dosage of RhoGEF2, a critical mediator of Rho1-dependent ventral cell shape changes during furrow formation, suggesting that Tsl may act in this pathway. In addition, loss of tsl strongly suppressed the effects of ectopic expression of Folded Gastrulation (Fog), a secreted protein that promotes apical constriction. Taken together, our data suggest that Tsl controls Rho1-mediated apical constriction via Fog. Therefore, we propose that Tsl regulates extracellular Fog activity to synchronize cell shape changes and coordinate ventral morphogenesis in Drosophila. Identifying the Tsl-mediated event that is common to both terminal patterning and morphogenesis will be valuable for our understanding of the extracellular control of developmental signaling by perforin-like proteins.
A New Perspective on Neolithic Sites in the Dubičiai Microregion Using a GIS Spatial Analysis
Authors: Marcinkevičiūtė Eglė 
Published: May 2017

The article analyses the Dubičiai microregion, which is distinguished by the abundance and diversity of its Stone Age settlements, and presents the possibilities provided by GIS Spatial Analysis in reconstructing this microregion’s Neolithic landscape, distinguishing conditions that affected the selection of the Stone Age settlement sites, and determining the locations where the greatest possibility exists for the discovery of new, not yet known Neolithic settlements.
Influences of the Corded Ware Culture in the Belarusian Lakeland (on the Ground of the Kryvina Peat-Bog Microregion)
Authors: Charniauski Маxim 
Published: May 2017

This article analyzes the cultural development of the Neolithic settlements in the Belarusian Lakeland at the 4th–3rd millennium BC, mainly based on the archaeological studies on the Kryvina peat-bog settlements. Although cultural complexes of analyzed settlements of the successive Usviaty and Northern Belarusian cultures are quite similar, the latter one possesses a noticeable and significant influence of the Corded Ware tradition that had reached the region from the north-west and south. Based on the obtained radiocarbon dates, this cultural change took place in the second half of the second quarter of the 3rd millennium BC. This is also related with the beginning of the manifestations of the Corded Ware tradition’s influence in the region.
Determination of the parameters of acute toxicity of «Brovermectin-granulate» on earlings carp
Authors: Loboiko Yu. V. , Danko M. M. , Krushelnytska O. V. , Kravets S. I. 
Published: May 2017

The paper presents the results of research to determine the parameters of acute toxicity of «Brovermectin-granulate». The material for the study of acute toxicity were of carp earlings. In experiment used drug «Brovermectin-granulate» (1 g of the drug contains: active actiion substance ivermectin – 3.5 mg, tocopherol acetate – 20 mg). The introduction of the drug was carried out orally using a probe in anterior intestine of fish. The drug was administered to fish in the form of a homogeneous suspension produced 1 % starch solution individually, in doses of 1000, 4000, 8000, 12000, 16000 and 20000 mg/kg of body weight. For settings acute toxicity determined the general condition and death of fish; for a dose of the drug (DL50) calculated by methods G. Kerber, H. Pershyn, least squares analysis of probit mortality curves for V.B. Prozorovskyj, means three points for B.M. Shtabskyj. At this stage of research it was found lethal (DL100) and maximum tolerated (DL0) dose of «Brovermectin-granulate» for earlings carp. As a result of studies found that 100% death of fish following the dose of 20000 mg/kg (DL100), and for the drug at a dose of 4000 mg/kg (DL0) set to survival of 100% fish. Established that the value of average lethal dose of «Brovermectin-granulate» for fish regardless of the method of calculation mainly coincided and were 10932,8–11200 mg/kg for earlings carp. Thus, the drug «Brovermectin-granulate» for oral administration to fish belongs to grade 4 toxicity – low toxic substances.
Assessment of market parameters of multiple age groups of the galician carp
Authors: Hrytsyniak I. I. , Gurbyk V. V. 
Published: May 2017

Purpose: To assess the productive potential of the Galician carp taking into account its morphometric parameters. To assess the market parameters of the Galician carp produced in the conditions of commercial aquaculture in ponds of the Subcarpathian region. To determine the output of fish products depending on fish age-related differences. Task: to determine major morphometric parameters in age-2 and age-3 cap produced at the end of the culture season in ponds of the Subcarpathian region; to assess the output of edible and non-edible parts of the body of the Galician carp. Methodology: The study was carried out in 2016 at the fish farm «Korop», Lviv region. The object of the study were age-2 and age-3 Galician carp produced at the end of the culture season. Fish were investigated according to methodical guidelines. The largest part of the body weight of the examined Galician carp was filet with skin. The smallest part in both age groups was scales that is due to the framed type of their scale covering. The quantity of edible parts in age-3 fish was 4.3% higher than in age-2 fish. The parameter of potentially edible parts in age-2 and age-3 fish was at the same level and did not exceed 32%. The non-edible part of the body in both age groups did not exceed 16%. In age-2 Galician carp, the edible part was 1.5% larger than in carp of the Lubin type of Ukrainian framed strain. In age-3 fish, the percent ratio of the head was 4.45% lower than in the Lubin type. After analyzing the obtained experimental data, a conclusion can be drawn that the output of edible parts in both age groups of the Galician carp from the marketable fish mass exceeded the normative values. At the same time, age-3 fish had 4% more filet than the age-2 fish. The Galician carp have a high level of the output of high quality market products compared to fish of the Lubin type of Ukrainian framed strain. An assessment of market parameters of the Galician carp produced during commercial culturing in ponds of the Subcarpathian region. The quantities of edible and non-edible parts in age-2 and age-3 fish of the examined array were determined.
External characteristics adults cows of ukrainian black and white dairy breed
Authors: Kuziv M. I. 
Published: May 2017

The results of the evaluation exterior of the animals Ukrainian black and white dairy cattle in the western region of Ukraine. Studies conducted on animals Ukrainian black and white dairy cattle in the «Milk River» farm in the Sokal and Brody offices breeding reproducers «Breeder» Lviv region and plant breeding «Yamnytsya» Ivano-Frankivsk region. Exterior animals was assessed by measurement of body articles. By value measurements calculated indices of body structure cows. Weight-size factor determined by the formula D.T. Vinnychuka and P.N. Merezhko. The results of research were treated by variational statistics G.F. Lakin. Adults cows of Ukrainian black and white dairy breed for exterior fit the type of dairy animals. Measurements body cows are: height at the withers – 135,6–136,5 depth of chest – 75,1–77,1 width chest – 46,2–48,6, chest girth for by shoulder – 197,0–201,2, oblique body length – 161,4–163,6 width in clubs – 54,5–57,2 girth metacarpus – 19,1–19,5 cm. By oblique trunk length and girth metacarpus, and in the «Milk River» farm Sokal offices and plant breeding «Yamnytsya» also for girth at breast for by blades are dominated by target parameters for the desired type of animal. By other body measurements investigated cows do not reach target parameters for the desired type of animal. Further breeding work with this array of animals should be directed to increase the linear dimensions of the body, with particular attention paid to the width of the chest. Indices body structure cows in farms of different characteristic type of dairy animals. Surround dimensions of the animals constituted 494,9–501,4 cm weight-size factor – 1,08–1,15. In cows of all farms the ratio of live weight and measurements body was typical for relatively stretched animals.
Exchanges of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids in cows of schwyz breed of different environmental origin in the zone of the steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Pishchan I. 
Published: May 2017

In the text presented materials of researches of dynamics of the basic biochemical blood parameters of lactating cows of Schwyz breed of Sumy and Austrian environmental origin in the second and third lactation and their descendants in the first lactation. It has been established that the protein, carbohydrate and lipid exchanges in the organism of lactating Schwyz breed cows of different ecological origin pass at a high and balanced level, which is confirmed by the reference values of the total protein at the level of 65.71–83.14 g/l and its fractions – albumin 34.3–35.57 g/l and globulin 30.14–45.29 g/l, urea and urea nitrogen – respectively 3.14–4.59 mmol/l and 6.96–8.76 mg%, creatinine – 104.1–129.86 mmol/l, glucose – 2.22–2.29 mmol/l and lipoproteins – 687.53–859.0 mg% in the serum of blood. It is proved, that cows of Schwyz breed by first lactation, which are grown and exploited in their «own» ecological zone and born from mothers of Austrian and Sumy ecological origin, are characterized by good health and high metabolic processes in their organism. The level of total protein in serum is 71.29–75.86 g/l, albumins and globulins 36.43 and 42.57 g/l, respectively, urea and nitrogen of urea 4.24 mmol/l and 8.10 mg%, creatinine – 108.71–129.57 mmol/l, glucose – 2.27–2.42 mmol/l, lipoproteins – 519.20–782.01 mg%. Normal metabolic processes in the body are provided, first of all, a high and balanced level of feeding, as well as the good adaptation properties of cows Schwyz breed not only in new environmental conditions, but in hard conditions of a large industrial complex of milk production.
Effects of stress factors on the performance of non-specific resistance and per-formance of piglets
Authors: Rud V. O. 
Published: May 2017

Feeding «feed mixture STO HA» piglets had a positive impact on their resistance and performance in the early postnatal period and the first week after weaning. Research has established that the content of total protein in pigs 4 day age 2nd and 3rd groups did not significantly different from the control group, while their peers from the 4th group born from sows that received «feed mixture STO HA» specified an indicator was higher by 2.8%. The level of total protein in piglet 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th groups of 16-day age was higher by 5.8, 6.2, 8.8% (P < 0.05), respectively, in the control group, the 40th day age – significantly (P < 0.05) higher than same indicator 9.9, 8.6, 9.6% respectively. The difference in levels of immunoglobulin A in pigs receiving «feed mixture STO HA» (2nd and 4th groups) in 16 aged and performance of piglets 1st (control) group was 54.5 – 81.8% and was statistically significant (P < 0.05 – P < 0.01). The 28-day age and concentration of Ig A serum pigs 2nd and 4th groups significantly exceeded by 72.2 and 77.7% rate in the control group, the 40th day age at 60.6 and 54,5%, respectively (P < 0.05). The bactericidal activity of blood serum piglets 40 days old all research groups significantly (P < 0.05 – P < 0.01) greater than 15.9, 11.3, 14.8% performance of their peers in the control group. Lysozyme activity of blood serum pigs 2nd, 3rd, 4th groups and 28 days old dominated his peers likely group 1 15.3, 11.7, 15.6% in the 40-day age – to 19.0; 16.7; 19.8% respectively. Phagocytic activity of leukocytes in pigs 4 days old 4th group born from sows that received «feed mixture STO HA» was higher by 5.7, 9.5, 10.4% compared to piglets 1 – 3rd groups. Phagocytic activity of leukocytes pigs 2nd, 3rd, 4th groups 16 days old and has been above 18.3 (P < 0.05); 11.5; 16.8% (P < 0.05), respectively group 1, the 28-day age – 17.4 (P < 0.05); 12.9 (P < 0.05); 15.2%. Phagocytic activity of leukocytes in piglets 40th age of daily study groups was significantly (P < 0.05) higher respectively pigs in the control group. The difference between the performance of piglets second and the first group was 20.5%, the first and third – 16.0%, fourth and first – 18.6%. The intensity of phagocytosis (FI) in pigs 16-day age 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th group was significantly higher at 16.5 (P <0.05), 12.9, 22.4% (P < 0.01), the 40th day age – to 23.6, 20.1, 21.3%, respectively (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) compared with the control group. The average daily gain of the piglets 4th group of from 31 th to 40 th day of life superior piglets of group 1 to 58.3%, and body weight in 40-day age – 15.5% (P < 0.01).
The productivity of young quail at the usage of different sources of zinc in fodders
Authors: Holubiev M. I. , Holubieva T. A. 
Published: May 2017

In the article, results of researches on an establishment of an optimum source of Zinc are resulted. Zinc was additionally added mixed fodder for quails grown for meat. In the research laboratory of feed additives National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine carried out the experiment. In accordance with to the scheme of the experiment were selected of 300 daily quails. Were formed three groups – control and two experimental, 100 quails (50 females and 50 males) in each. Quails of the first group fed zinc sulfate, the second group – zinc glycinate, the third group – zinc citrate. Were studied indicators of growth, safety and the cost of feed per 1 kg increase in body weight daily quails ages 1–35 depending on the source of zinc in the mixed fodders. It was found that more feed consumed quail, which was added to the mixed feeds of organic sources of Zinc. On this indicator, they dominated the control by 1.8–1.9%. The preservation of quails was quite high in the experimental groups and did not depend on the source of Zinc. Additional introduction of organic sources Zinc increases the final body weight by 1.8–1.6% (P < 0.05). The lowest feed costs per 1 kg of body weight gain were in quail, which included Zinc glycinate in the mixed fodder composition. The relationship between the cost of feed and fodder source of zinc (y = 0.011x2 – 0.037x + 3.147, R² = 1)
Genofond of some breed of cattle
Authors: Bodnaruk V. , Shchebatyj Z. , Muzyka L. , Zhmur A. , Orikhivskyj T. 
Published: May 2017

Genetic investigations of cattle breeds in Western Ukraine are environmentally necessary, as well as they are the most relevant in connection with the formation of rock associations – for example Carpathian Brown. Addition to the study of genetic characteristics of different breeds to be used in agricultural production - it is an attempt to identify in the herd and genetically determined feature, which occurs most frequently. The choice of such economically valuable features determined by modern methods of agriculture research, and basically are chosen herds with such gene fond in which this feature is most typical. The genetic structure was evaluated for the genetically determined polymorphism groups of genetic and biochemical systems. Experiments were conducted on red blood cells and plasma. The blood of animals was taken from the jugular vein in a test tube with heparin. Polymorphism of proteins and enzymes was evaluated using the method of electrophoretic separation of proteins in 13% of starch gels in horizontal chambers with further histochemical staining. Each species is characterized by its own structural features of the genetic structure. According to locus of transferrin breeds can be divided into two groups: with the dominance of allelic variant Tf A (Pintshau, Black and Spotted Holstein, Red and Spotted Holstein) and domination of variant Tf D2 (Symentals, Schwyz, Gray Ukrainian). Animals of Brown Carpathian breed have a large number of heterozygotes Tf AD2 (43%). The group of Schwyz has relatively high heterozygosity (49%). Groups of Black-Spotted and Red- Spotted Holstein are similar. When analyzing the genetic structure for the locus AM-1 can be noted the similarity of samples of animal Pintshau, Schwyz, Carpathian of brown rocks. In animals of Gray Ukrainian breed the frequency of allelic variants display of AM-1 was the highest and amounted to – 0.933. For ceruloplasmin locus significant differences were not found, except Gray Ukrainian breed animals where frequency of display of CP A was quite high and amounted to 0.733 and Simentales where is marked the high level of heterozygosity – 84%. At electrophoretic distillation of washed red blood cells of studied groups of animals were found two phenotypes of purine nucleoside phosphorylase: one is associated with high activity (H), the other with low activity (L).