bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of anastomotic leak on recurrence and survival after colorectal cancer surgery: a BioGrid Australia analysis
Authors: Sammour Tarik , Hayes Ian P. , Jones Ian T. , Steel Malcolm C. , Faragher Ian , Gibbs Peter 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundThere is conflicting evidence regarding the oncological impact of anastomotic leak following colorectal cancer surgery. This study aims to test the hypothesis that anastomotic leak is independently associated with local recurrence and overall and cancer‐specific survival.MethodsAnalysis of prospectively collected data from multiple centres in Victoria between 1988 and 2015 including all patients who underwent colon or rectal resection for cancer with anastomosis was presented. Overall and cancer‐specific survival rates and rates of local recurrence were compared using Cox regression analysis.ResultsA total of 4892 patients were included, of which 2856 had completed 5‐year follow‐up. The overall anastomotic leak rate was 4.0%. Cox regression analysis accounting for differences in age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists score and tumour stage demonstrated that anastomotic leak was associated with significantly worse 5‐year overall survival (χ
2 = 6.459, P = 0.011) for colon cancer, but only if early deaths were included. There was no difference in 5‐year colon cancer‐specific survival (χ
2 = 0.582, P = 0.446) or local recurrence (χ
2 = 0.735, P = 0.391). For rectal cancer, there was no difference in 5‐year overall survival (χ
2 = 0.266, P = 0.606), cancer‐specific survival (χ
2 = 0.008, P = 0.928) or local recurrence (χ
2 = 2.192, P = 0.139).ConclusionAnastomotic leak may reduce 5‐year overall survival in colon cancer patients but does not appear to influence the 5‐year overall survival in rectal cancer patients. There was no effect on local recurrence or cancer‐specific survival.
Endovascular retrograde recanalization in Asian critical limb ischaemia patients
Authors: Tay Jia Sheng , Ching Siok Siong , Tan Yih Kai , Kum Steven Wei Cheong 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundTo evaluate endovascular retrograde recanalization of critical limb ischaemia (CLI) patients with chronic total occlusions (CTOs) in an Asian population.MethodsWe conducted a single centre‐based retrospective review of CLI patients with CTOs who had undergone endovascular retrograde recanalization using the subintimal arterial flossing with antegrade–retrograde intervention technique.ResultsA total of 40 CLI patients with CTOs underwent endovascular intervention. The median age was 71 years; 67.5% were males and Chinese accounted for 65% of the patients, of which 55% were in Rutherford category 6, 37.5% in category 5 and 7.5% in category 4. Antegrade–retrograde access was performed via the femoral artery in 39 cases and the brachial artery in one case for the proximal puncture, and the following arteries for the distal puncture: superficial femoral, n = 4 (10%); popliteal, n = 4 (10%); anterior tibial, n = 12 (30%); dorsalis pedis, n = 9 (22.5%); peroneal, n = 4 (10%) and posterior tibial, n = 7 (17.5%). Technical success was high at 92.5% (n = 37). After intervention, 25% (n = 10) had below‐knee triple vessel runoff, 52.5% (n = 21) had double vessel runoff and 15.0% (n = 6) had single vessel runoff. Stenting for target vessel dissections was required in 12 patients. There were two cases of significant bleeding; one common femoral artery pseudoaneurysm was treated with ultrasound‐guided thrombin injection and another case of distal puncture site bleeding only required compression. Limb salvage at 1 year was 92.5% (n = 37).ConclusionThe subintimal arterial flossing with antegrade–retrograde intervention technique is safe with high technical success rates and acceptable outcomes in Asian CLI patients with CTOs.
Thoracoscopic removal of an intrapulmonary foreign body in a child
Authors: Ranjan Abhishek , Dhua Anjan Kumar , Maddur Srinivas , Kandasamy Devasenathipathy , Kashyap Lokesh 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA 9‐year‐old boy presented to our institution 6 months after falling on a needle that pierced his left chest wall. He presented to us after multiple unsuccessful attempts to have this foreign body removed at other hospitals. A thoracoscopic removal was successfully undertaken aided by fluoroscopy. This report shows how the needle's position and location were precisely defined by fluoroscopy, despite the needle being invisible on thoracoscopy.
Effect of supplemented sericin on the development, cell number, cryosurvival and number of lipid droplets in cultured bovine embryos
Authors: Hosoe Misa , Inaba Yasushi , Hashiyada Yutaka , Imai Kei , Kajitani Kenji , Hasegawa Yuichi , Irie Mamoru , Teramoto Hidetoshi , Takahashi Toru , Niimura Sueo 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSericin was investigated as an alternative to fetal bovine serum (FBS) for bovine embryo culture. In vitro matured oocytes were developed using 0.05%, 0.1% or 0.15% sericin. The developmental rate, cryosurvival rate and blastulation time of these embryos were compared with those of embryos developed using 5% FBS. The number of lipid droplets was compared among the blastocysts developed using 5% FBS, using 0.05% sericin and in vivo. The rate of cleavage and blastocyst formation was similar among all groups. Blastulation occurred significantly earlier in the embryos developed using 5% FBS than in those developed using sericin at any concentration (P < 0.05). At 72 h after thawing, the cryosurvival rate of the blastocysts developed using 5% FBS and 0.05% sericin were significantly higher compared with those developed using 0.1% and 0.15% sericin (P < 0.05). The blastocysts developed using 0.05% sericin and in vivo produced a significantly fewer number of medium and large lipid droplets than those developed using 5% FBS. These results suggest that the blastocysts developed using 0.05% sericin show characteristics similar to those of the blastocysts developed in vivo and that the use of sericin as an alternative to FBS is feasible.
Media‐assisted language learning for young children: Effects of a word‐learning app on the vocabulary acquisition of two‐year‐olds
Authors: Walter‐Laager Catherine , Brandenberg Kathrin , Tinguely Luzia , Schwarz Jürg , Pfiffner Manfred R. , Moschner Barbara 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe intervention study investigated the effects of an interactive word‐learning app and picture cards on the vocabulary acquisition of 2‐year‐olds. Of particular interest was whether or not adult accompaniment during the use of the app or while looking at the picture cards had a positive effect on the child's vocabulary acquisition. The findings show that those children who used the word‐learning app when accompanied by an adult had the largest growth in vocabulary, and those who used the word‐learning app without adult accompaniment showing the second largest growth. Less successful were those children who played with the picture cards (with or without adult accompaniment). The group of children who focused on the subject matter for the longest period of time on average learned the most new words, while the group who focused on the subject matter for the shortest period of time had the smallest growth in vocabulary.
Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for sickle cell disease – current practice and new approaches
Authors: Arnold Staci D. , Bhatia Monica , Horan John , Krishnamurti Lakshmanan 
Published: June 2016

SummarySickle cell disease is an inherited disorder that affects over 5 million people worldwide. Current maintenance therapy has been successful in reducing complications and enhancing life expectancy; yet subclinical complications persist. To date, allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) remains the only available curative therapy for sickle cell disease. With declining incidences of rejection and transplant‐ related mortality, disease‐free survival after human leucocyte antigen‐identical sibling transplant exceeds 90%. However, the majority of individuals with sickle cell disease do not have an human leucocyte antigen (HLA)‐identical sibling; therefore, research is expanding to focus on new approaches to alternative donor transplant. Advances in supportive care and conditioning regimens have led to expansion of the pool of donors to unrelated donors and haploidentical donors. Challenges remain in improving the safety and efficacy of HSCT from alternate donors. Early results from gene therapy may provide another curative option in patients with sickle cell disease. These approaches show early promise, but larger, longitudinal studies are needed to better determine the optimal clinical circumstances for transplant in sickle cell disease.
Direct and extended intergenerational contact and young people's attitudes towards older adults
Authors: Drury Lisbeth , Hutchison Paul , Abrams Dominic 
Published: June 2016

Research suggests that positive intergenerational contact can improve young people's attitudes towards older adults. However, today's age‐segregated society may not provide ample opportunities for positive contact between younger and older adults to occur on a regular basis. In three studies, we investigated whether the positive attitudinal outcomes associated with direct contact might also stem from a more indirect form of intergenerational relationship: extended contact. In Study 1 (N = 70), extended contact was associated with more positive attitudes towards older adults even when controlling for direct intergenerational contact (contact frequency and contact quality). In Study 2 (N = 110), the positive effects of direct and extended contact on young people's age‐related attitudes were mediated by reductions in intergroup anxiety and ageing anxiety. The mediational effects of intergroup anxiety were replicated in Study 3 (N = 95) and ingroup norms additionally emerged as a mediator of the positive effects of extended contact on young people's attitudes towards older adults. Discussion focuses on the implications for strategies aimed at tackling ageism.
Utility of chromogranin A, pancreatic polypeptide, glucagon and gastrin in the diagnosis and follow‐up of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 patients
Authors: Qiu Wei , Christakis Ioannis , Silva Angelica , Bassett Roland L. , Cao Liyun , Meng Qing H. , Gardner Grubbs Elizabeth , Zhao Hua , Yao James C. , Lee Jeffrey E. , Perrier Nancy D. 
Published: June 2016

SummaryObjectivePancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (PNETs) are the major source of disease‐specific mortality in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) patients. Chromogranin A (CgA), pancreatic polypeptide (PP), glucagon and gastrin have some diagnostic value in sporadic PNETs, but there is very little evidence for their efficacy in diagnosing PNETs in MEN1 patients.DesignWe performed a retrospective chart review of the existing MEN1 database in our institution.PatientsOne hundred and thirteen patients were eligible for diagnostic value analysis of tumour markers. Patients were excluded if measurement of tumour markers was missing, either 3 months prior to PNET diagnosis (PNET patients) or prior to abdominal imaging (non‐PNET patients).MeasurementsClinicopathologic characteristics and of tumour marker measurements were analysed.ResultsOf 293 confirmed MEN1 cases, 55 PNETs and 58 non‐PNETs met inclusion criteria. The area under the curve (AUC) for CgA, PP, glucagon and gastrin in MEN1 cases was 59·5%, 64·1%, 77·0% and 75·9%, respectively. The AUC for the combination of CgA, PP and gastrin was 59·6%. PP, but not CgA, glucagon or gastrin was significantly associated with both age and PNET functional status (P = 0·0485 and 0·0188, respectively). No markers were significantly associated with sex, PNET size, tumour number, tumour location, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, presence of lymph node metastasis, lymphovascular invasion or overall survival. CgA values were not significantly lower following PNET resection than pre‐operatively (P = 0·554).ConclusionsThe value of blood markers for diagnosing PNETs in MEN1 patients is relatively low, even when used in combination.
Patients with high‐risk differentiated thyroid cancer have a lower I‐131 ablation success rate than low‐risk ones in spite of a high ablation activity
Authors: Winter J. , Winter M. , Krohn T. , Heinzel A. , Behrendt F.F. , Tuttle R.M. , Mottaghy F.M. , Verburg F.A. 
Published: June 2016

SummaryObjectiveTo examine success rates in strictly defined high‐risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients who received a high‐activity (≥5550 MBq) adjuvant postoperative I‐131 therapy and compare these to the rates found in highest risk and low‐risk patients.DesignRetrospective database study.PatientsWe examined 377 patients with DTC who received I‐131 ablation. Patients with distant metastases were classified as very high risk. Patients with primary tumours >4 cm, extensive extrathyroidal invasion (pT4a or pT4b in accordance with the 7th edition of the TNM system), and patients with ≥5 lymph node metastases or any lateral compartment lymph node metastases were considered high risk. All other patients were considered low risk.MeasurementsAblation success rate at first TSH‐stimulated follow‐up.ResultsThe ablation success rate was 72·6% in low‐risk patients, 51·7% in high‐risk patients and 13·8% in highest risk patients (all differences P < 0·001). In none of the groups, a significant difference in the initial I‐131 activity was found between patients with successful and unsuccessful ablation (low risk: P = 0·16, high risk: P = 0·91 and highest risk: P = 0·48). Furthermore, there was no difference in ablation success between patients who received <5550 MBq and those who received ≥5550 Mbq (low risk: P = 0·31, high risk: P = 0·69 and highest risk: P = 0·22).ConclusionsPatients with high‐risk DTC have a significantly reduced I‐131 ablation success rate compared to low‐risk ones in spite of high initial I‐131 activities. As successful ablation is prognostically important, efforts should be made to improve outcome in these patients.
Sleep‐Related Disorders in Children with Attention‐Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Preliminary Results of a Full Sleep Assessment Study
Authors: Miano Silvia , Esposito Maria , Foderaro Giuseppe , Ramelli Gian Paolo , Pezzoli Valdo , Manconi Mauro 
Published: June 2016

SummaryBackground and methodsWe present the preliminary results of a prospective case–control sleep study in children with a diagnosis of attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A deep sleep assessment including sleep questionnaires, sleep habits, a video‐polysomnographic recording with full high‐density electroencephalography (EEG) and cardiorespiratory polygraphy, multiple sleep latency test, and 1‐week actigraphic recording were performed to verify whether children with ADHD may be classified into one of the following five phenotypes: (1) hypoarousal state, resembling narcolepsy, which may be considered a “primary” form of ADHD; (2) delayed sleep onset insomnia; (3) sleep‐disordered breathing; (4) restless legs syndrome and/or periodic limb movements; and (5) sleep epilepsy and/or EEG interictal epileptiform discharges.ResultsFifteen consecutive outpatients with ADHD were recruited (two female, mean age 10.6 ± 2.2, age range 8–13.7 years) over 6 months. The narcolepsy‐like sleep phenotype was observed in three children, the sleep onset insomnia phenotype was observed in one child, mild obstructive sleep apnea was observed in three children, sleep hyperkinesia and/or PLMs were observed in five children, while IEDs and or nocturnal epilepsy were observed in three children. Depending on the sleep phenotype, children received melatonin, iron supplementation, antiepileptic drugs, or stimulants.ConclusionsOur study further highlights the need to design an efficient sleep diagnostic algorithm for children with ADHD, thereby more accurately identifying cases in which a full sleep assessment is indicated.
Role of UCP2 polymorphisms on dietary intake of obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery
Authors: Nicoletti C. F. , Kimura B. M. , de Oliveira B. A. P. , de Pinhel M. A. S. , Salgado W. , Marchini J. S. , Nonino C. B. 
Published: June 2016

SummaryUncoupling protein 2 (
UCP2
) plays an important role in body weight and energy metabolism and may be related to the control of food consumption. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of
UCP2
gene variants on the dietary intake on a population after bariatric surgery. This study enrolled 150 obese patients (body mass index ≥ 35kg m−2) who submitted to Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass. Weight (kg), BMI (kg m−2), energy (kcal d−1) and macronutrients intake (g d−1) of preoperative and 1‐year postoperative period were collected from medical records. Ala55Val and −866G>A polymorphisms in the
UCP2
gene were genotyped through allelic discrimination method in real‐time polymerase chain reaction using the TaqMan pre‐designed SNP Genotyping Assays kits. Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, t‐test and regression models were performed in statistical analysis (P<0.05).We found an allelic frequency of 0.44 for allele Val and 0.41 for allele A. In the postoperative period, patients with at least one rare allele for polymorphisms and with at least one rare allele for both polymorphisms together (haplotype) present a greater energy and carbohydrate intake, even after adjusting for gender, age and weight. Genetic variants in
UCP2
gene were associated with the dietary consumption after Roux–En‐Y gastric bypass.
8‐isoprostanes and resistin as markers of vascular damage in non‐hypersomnolent obstructive sleep apnoea patients
Authors: Cherneva Radostina Vlaeva , Cherneva Zheina Vlaeva , Georgiev Ognian Borisov , Petrova Daniela Stoichkova , Petrova Julia Ivanova 
Published: June 2016

SummaryBackgroundOxidative stress and inflammation are assumed as the main pathological triggers for vascular damage in hypersomnolent obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients, whereas their exact role in less symptomatic population is currently unknown.AimTo determine whether oxidative stress (urinary 8‐isoprostane concentration) and inflammation (plasma resistin levels) are associated with vascular damage in non‐hypersomnolent (Epworth Sleep Score <11) OSA patients.MethodsA total of 325 consecutive patients have undergone standard polysomnography, and 256 of them were diagnosed with OSA. Excessive daytime sleepiness was assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Only 86 patients with ESS <11 participated in the study. The control group was presented by 45 subjects without OSA. Endothelial function was assessed by ultrasonographic measurement of flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD). Intima‐media thickness (IMT) and ankle‐brachial index (ABI) were determined by ultrasonography. Urinary 8‐isoprostanes (Cayman Chemical, USA) were measured, applying mass spectrometry. Resistin (RayBio_ Human ResistinCat#:ELH‐Resistin‐001) plasma levels were detected by ELISA.ResultsIn patients with OSA, flow‐mediated dilatation was significantly lower than in control subjects (4·62% ±1·9) and (7·1% ±2·8), respectively (P: 0·013). The prevalence of plaques in a.carotis communis was higher in OSA (16% versus 4%). The same is observed regarding a.tibialis posterior (81% vs. 29%). The average IMT and ABI in OSA and in the control group were, respectively, (IMT − 800 µm versus. 666 µm); (ABI −1·06 versus 1·20). Urinary isoprostanes were higher in OSA patients (0·091 versus 0·078) and correlated negatively to FMD (r: −0·825, P: 0·00), IMT (r: −0·324, P: 0·003) and ABI (r: −0·226, P: 0·043). No association between resistin and the degree of vascular injury was found.ConclusionsIn comparison with the control group, increased prevalence of endothelial dysfunction and vascular damage was established in OSA patients without excessive daytime sleepiness. Urinary 8‐isoprostanes (oxidative stress markers) are closely associated with FMD (endothelial dysfunction), IMT and ABI (vascular damage). Resistin plasma levels correlated neither to FMD, nor to IMT or ABI.
Terrace Agriculture in the Mixteca Alta Region, Oaxaca, Mexico: Ethnographic and Archeological Insights on Terrace Construction and Labor Organization
Authors: Pérez Rodríguez Verónica 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis article presents ethnographic information on terrace farming that was collected to ground archeological interpretations of cross‐channel terraces known as lama‐bordos in the Mixteca Alta region of southern Mexico. Ethnographic interviews asked about labor organization and the labor requirements of terrace construction, and also documented agroecological knowledge associated with terrace farming. The integration of ethnographic and archeological data indicate that lama‐bordo terracing started 3,400 years ago and today lama‐bordos continue to be built, maintained, and farmed at the household level, in ways that correspond with the recorded stratigraphies of Prehispanic lama‐bordo terraces. Even in contemporary contexts of government agricultural programs and global markets, farmers continue to grow food and build their lives around lama‐bordos using a complex body of knowledge about the weather, plants, soils, and the behavior of pests. The continuation of this land‐use and food‐producing strategy for over three millennia attests to the longevity, effectiveness, and resilience of this ancestral practice that has been a cornerstone for Mixtec society and survival.
Preschoolers’ generosity increases with understanding of the affective benefits of sharing
Authors: Paulus Markus , Moore Chris 
Published: June 2016

AbstractResearch has demonstrated that sharing with others is rewarding, suggesting a proximal mechanism of humans’ extraordinary tendency to engage in prosocial behavior. The current study explored the cognitive basis of the relation between generosity and happiness early in ontogeny. We demonstrate that preschool children understand the relation between generosity and happiness. Moreover, our results show that children's emotion ratings are predictive for their subsequent sharing behavior. This finding provides evidence for the theoretical claim that prosocial behavior may be related to the anticipation of positive feelings, and that this mechanism may explain early instances of generosity in preschool children.
Vocal Cues to Identity: Pied Babblers Produce Individually Distinct But Not Stable Loud Calls
Authors: Humphries David J. , Finch Fiona M. , Bell Matthew B. V. , Ridley Amanda R. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe ability to identify social partners can play a key role in the coordination of social behaviours in group‐living animals. Coordinating social behaviours over long distances becomes problematic, as cues to identity are often limited to one or two sensory modalities. This limitation can often select for strong individuality in those cues used for long‐distance communication. Pied babblers, Turdoides bicolor, produce a number of different types of ‘loud calls’ which are frequently used to signal to individuals beyond the range of visual or olfactory pathways of communication. Here, we show that three of these ‘loud call’ types, the v‐shaped chatter, the double note ascending chatter and the atonal chatter, are each individually distinct. We hypothesise that individuality in the three loud call types tested here may represent a possible pathway to social recognition in this species that may have important consequences for social interactions. However, we also found that the atonal chatter was unstable between years suggesting that this particular call type may not be a reliable long‐term indicator to identity which may affect long‐term recognition in this species.