bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease: meta-analysis of results of randomized trials at varying lengths of follow-up
Authors: Mansouri Alireza , Taslimi Shervin , Badhiwala Jetan H. , Witiw Christopher D. , Nassiri Farshad , Odekerken Vincent J. J. , De Bie Rob M. A. , Kalia Suneil K. , Hodaie Mojgan , Munhoz Renato P. , Fasano Alfonso , Lozano Andres M. 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVEDeep brain stimulation (DBS) is effective in the management of patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). While both the globus pallidus pars interna (GPi) and the subthalamic nucleus (STN) are accepted targets, their relative efficacy in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has not been established beyond 12 months. The objective of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of RCTs to compare outcomes among adults with PD undergoing DBS of GPi or STN at various time points, including 36 months of follow-up.METHODSThe MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases were searched. Registries for clinical trials, selected conference proceedings, and the table of contents for selected journals were also searched. Screens were conducted independently and in duplicate. Among the 623 studies initially identified (615 through database search, 7 through manual review of bibliographies, and 1 through a repeat screen of literature prior to submission), 19 underwent full-text review; 13 of these were included in the quantitative meta-analysis. Data were extracted independently and in duplicate. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used to assess the risk of bias. The GRADE evidence profile tool was used to assess the quality of the evidence. Motor scores, medication dosage reduction, activities of daily living, depression, dyskinesias, and adverse events were compared. The influence of disease duration (a priori) and the proportion of male patients within a study (post hoc) were explored as potential subgroups.RESULTSThirteen studies (6 original cohorts) were identified. No difference in motor scores or activities of daily living was identified at 36 months. Medications were significantly reduced with STN stimulation (5 studies, weighted mean difference [WMD] −365.46, 95% CI −599.48 to −131.44, p = 0.002). Beck Depression Inventory scores were significantly better with GPi stimulation (3 studies; WMD 2.53, 95% CI 0.99–4.06 p = 0.001). The motor benefits of GPi and STN DBS for PD are similar.CONCLUSIONSThe motor benefits achieved with GPi and STN DBS for PD are similar. DBS of STN allows for a greater reduction of medication, but not as significant an advantage as DBS of GPi with respect to mood. This difference is sustained at 36 months. Further long-term studies are necessary.
Stereotactic radiosurgery for medically refractory multiple sclerosis–related tremor
Authors: Raju Sudesh S. , Niranjan Ajay , Monaco Edward A. , Flickinger John C. , Lunsford L. Dade 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVEMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease that can lead to severe intention tremor in some patients. In several case reports, conventional radiotherapy has been reported to possibly exacerbate MS. Radiosurgery dramatically limits normal tissue irradiation to potentially avoid such a problem. Gamma Knife thalamotomy (GKT) has been established as a minimally invasive technique that is effective in treating essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease–related tremor. The goal in this study was to analyze the outcomes of GKT in patients suffering from medically refractory MS-related tremor.METHODSThe authors retrospectively studied the outcomes of 15 patients (mean age 46.5 years) who had undergone GKT over a 15-year period (1998–2012). Fourteen patients underwent GKT at a median maximum dose of 140 Gy (range 130–150 Gy) using a single 4-mm isocenter. One patient underwent GKT at a dose of 140 Gy delivered via two 4-mm isocenters (3 mm apart). The posteroinferior region of the nucleus ventralis intermedius (VIM) was the target for all GKTs. The Fahn-Tolosa-Marin clinical tremor rating scale was used to evaluate tremor, handwriting, drawing, and drinking. The median time to the last follow-up was 39 months.RESULTSAfter GKT, 13 patients experienced tremor improvement on the side contralateral to surgery. Four patients noted tremor arrest at a median of 4.5 months post-GKT. Seven patients had excellent tremor improvement and 6 had good tremor improvement. Four patients noted excellent functional improvement, 8 noted good functional improvement, and 1 noted satisfactory functional improvement. Three patients experienced diminished tremor relief at a median of 18 months after radiosurgery. Two patients experienced temporary adverse radiation effects. Another patient developed a large thalamic cyst 60 months after GKT, which was successfully managed with Ommaya reservoir placement.CONCLUSIONSGamma Knife thalamotomy was found to be a minimally invasive and beneficial procedure for medically refractory MS tremor.
MOA-2012-BLG-505Lb: A Super-Earth-mass Planet That Probably Resides in the Galactic Bulge
Authors: Nagakane M. , Sumi T. , Koshimoto N. , Bennett D. P. , Bond I. A. , Rattenbury N. , Suzuki D. , Abe F. , Asakura Y. , Barry R. , Bhattacharya A. , Donachie M. , Fukui A. , Hirao Y. , Itow Y. , Li M. C. A. , Ling C. H. , Masuda K. , Matsubara Y. , Matsuo T. , Muraki Y. , Ohnishi K. , Ranc C. , Saito To. , Sharan A. , Shibai H. , Sullivan D. J. , Tristram P. J. , Yamada T. , Yonehara A. ,   (MOA Collaboration)
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We report the discovery of a super-Earth-mass planet in the microlensing event MOA-2012-BLG-505. This event has the second shortest event timescale of t
E = 10 ± 1 days where the observed data show evidence of a planetary companion. Our 15 minute high cadence survey observation schedule revealed the short subtle planetary signature. The system shows the well known close/wide degeneracy. The planet/host-star mass ratio is q = 2.1 × 10−4 and the projected separation normalized by the Einstein radius is s = 1.1 or 0.9 for the wide and close solutions, respectively. We estimate the physical parameters of the system by using a Bayesian analysis and find that the lens consists of a super-Earth with a mass of

orbiting around a brown dwarf or late-M-dwarf host with a mass of

with a projected star–planet separation of

. The system is at a distance of 7.2 ± 1.1 kpc, i.e., it is likely to be in the Galactic bulge. The small angular Einstein radius (θ
E = 0.12 ± 0.02 mas) and short event timescale are typical for a low-mass lens in the Galactic bulge. Such low-mass planetary systems in the Bulge are rare because the detection efficiency of planets in short microlensing events is relatively low. This discovery may suggest that such low-mass planetary systems are abundant in the Bulge and currently on-going high cadence survey programs will detect more such events and may reveal an abundance of such planetary systems.
Dynamical Evolution of the Debris Disk after a Satellite Catastrophic Disruption around Saturn
Authors: Hyodo Ryuki , Charnoz Sébastien 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The hypothesis of the recent origin of Saturn’s rings and its midsized moons is actively debated. It was suggested that a proto-Rhea and a proto-Dione might have collided recently, giving birth to the modern system of midsized moons. It has also been suggested that the rapid viscous spreading of the debris may have implanted mass inside Saturn’s Roche limit, giving birth to its modern ring system. However, this scenario has only been investigated in a very simplified way for the moment. This paper investigates it in detail to assess its plausibility by using N-body simulations and analytical arguments. When the debris disk is dominated by its largest remnant, N-body simulations show that the system quickly reaccretes into a single satellite without significant spreading. On the other hand, if the disk is composed of small particles, analytical arguments suggest that the disk experiences dynamical evolutions in three steps. The disk starts significantly excited after the impact and collisional damping dominates over the viscous spreading. After the system flattens, the system can become gravitationally unstable when particles are smaller than ∼100 m. However, the particles grow faster than spreading. Then, the system becomes gravitationally stable again and accretion continues at a slower pace, but spreading is inhibited. Therefore, the debris is expected to reaccrete into several large bodies. In conclusion, our results show that such a scenario may not form today’s ring system. In contrast, our results suggest that today’s midsized moons are likely reaccreted from such a catastrophic event.
12CO(J = 1
0) On-the-fly Mapping Survey of the Virgo Cluster Spirals. II. Molecular Gas Properties in Different Density Environments
Authors: Chung Eun Jung , Yun Min S. , Verheijen Marc A. W. , Chung Aeree 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This study investigated the properties of the molecular gas content and star formation activity of 17 Virgo spirals, 21 Ursa Major (UMa) spirals, 13 Pisces spiral galaxies, and a comparison sample of 11 field spiral galaxies with a spatially resolved gas and stellar distribution. The H i-deficient galaxies with a defH i
> 0.4 have a similar range of CO luminosity normalized by the K-band luminosity (L
CO/L
K) like the field spirals, although their CO content can be smaller by up to a factor of 2. The CO, H i, and stellar disk diameters are closely related to each other for both cluster and field galaxies, and the relative diameters of the CO and H i disks grow monotonically and smoothly as the H i-to-stellar disk diameter ratio decreases. Cluster galaxies have a molecular gas consumption time up to 10 times shorter than that of the field comparison sample, suggesting a significant change in the molecular gas content and star formation activity among all the cluster galaxies, even when they do not show any sign of H i stripping. The strongly H i-stripped Virgo cluster galaxies show only a modestly reduced total gas consumption time, indicating that the star formation activity and gas consumption are a highly local (rather than global) phenomenon. Our finding is that the depletion of cold gas by ram-pressure stripping and/or starvation caused by preprocessing in each cluster environment makes galaxies evolve passively.
Mass Transport from the Envelope to the Disk of V346 Nor: A Case Study for the Luminosity Problem in an FUor-type Young Eruptive Star
Authors: Kóspál Á. , Ábrahám P. , Csengeri T. , Fehér O. , Hogerheijde M. R. , Brinch Ch. , Dunham M. M. , Vorobyov E. I. , Salter D. M. , Henning Th. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
A long-standing open issue of the paradigm of low-mass star formation is the luminosity problem: most protostars are less luminous than theoretically predicted. One possible solution is that the accretion process is episodic. FU Ori-type stars (FUors) are thought to be the visible examples for objects in the high accretion state. FUors are often surrounded by massive envelopes, which replenish the disk material and enable the disk to produce accretion outbursts. However, we have insufficient information on the envelope dynamics in FUors, about where and how mass transfer from the envelope to the disk happens. Here we present ALMA observations of the FUor-type star V346 Nor at 1.3 mm continuum and in different CO rotational lines. We mapped the density and velocity structure of its envelope and analyze the results using channel maps, position–velocity diagrams, and spectro-astrometric methods. We found that V346 Nor is surrounded by gaseous material on a 10,000 au scale in which a prominent outflow cavity is carved. Within the central ∼700 au, the circumstellar matter forms a flattened pseudo-disk where material is infalling with conserved angular momentum. Within ∼350 au, the velocity profile is more consistent with a disk in Keplerian rotation around a central star of

. We determined an infall rate from the envelope onto the disk of

yr−1, a factor of a few higher than the quiescent accretion rate from the disk onto the star, hinting at a mismatch between the infall and accretion rates as the cause of the eruption.
The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey. XXVIII. Characterization of the Galactic White Dwarf Population
Authors: Fantin Nicholas J. , Côté Patrick , Hanes David A. , Gwyn S. D. J. , Bianchi Luciana , Ferrarese Laura , Cuillandre Jean-Charles , McConnachie Alan , Starkenburg Else 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We use three different techniques to identify hundreds of white dwarf (WD) candidates in the Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey (NGVS) based on photometry from the NGVS and GUViCS, and proper motions derived from the NGVS and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Photometric distances for these candidates are calculated using theoretical color–absolute magnitude relations, while effective temperatures are measured by fitting their spectral energy distributions. Disk and halo WD candidates are separated using a tangential velocity cut of 200 km s−1 in a reduced proper motion diagram, which leads to a sample of six halo WD candidates. Cooling ages, calculated for an assumed WD mass of 0.6M
⊙, range between 60 Myr and 6 Gyr, although these estimates depend sensitively on the adopted mass. Luminosity functions for the disk and halo subsamples are constructed and compared to previous results from the SDSS and SuperCOSMOS survey. We compute a number density of (2.81 ± 0.52) × 10−3 pc−3 for the disk WD population—consistent with previous measurements. We find (7.85 ± 4.55) × 10−6 pc−3 for the halo, or 0.3% of the disk. Observed stellar counts are also compared to predictions made by the TRILEGAL and Besançon stellar population synthesis models. The comparison suggests that the TRILEGAL model overpredicts the total number of WDs. The WD counts predicted by the Besançon model agree with the observations, although a discrepancy arises when comparing the predicted and observed halo WD populations; the difference is likely due to the WD masses in the adopted model halo.
Starburst-driven Superwinds in Quasar Host Galaxies
Authors: Barthel Peter , Podigachoski Pece , Wilkes Belinda , Haas Martin 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
During the past five decades astronomers have been puzzled by the presence of strong absorption features including metal lines, observed in the optical and ultraviolet spectra of quasars, signaling inflowing and outflowing gas winds with relative velocities up to several thousands of km s−1. In particular, the location of these winds—close to the quasar, further out in its host galaxy, or in its direct environment—and the possible impact on their surroundings have been issues of intense discussion and uncertainty. Using our Herschel Space Observatory data, we report a tendency for this so-called associated metal absorption to occur along with prodigious star formation in the quasar host galaxy, indicating that the two phenomena are likely to be interrelated, that the gas winds likely occur on the kiloparsec scale and would then have a strong impact on the interstellar medium of the galaxy. This correlation moreover would imply that the unusually high cold dust luminosities in these quasars are connected with ongoing star formation. Given that we find no correlation with the AGN strength, the wind feedback that we establish in these radio-loud objects is most likely associated with their host star formation rather than with their black hole accretion.
D'une carte inexistante à un empire colonial. La cosmographie de la Renaissance sous la Monarchie espagnole à partir du Padrón Real
Authors: Sánchez Antonio 
Published: June 2017

En Espagne, la cosmographie de la Renaissance a développé, tout au long du xvie siècle, de puissants « dispositifs cognitifs » qui nous permettent de raconter autrement l’histoire scientifique de l’expansion. Ces dispositifs proviennent des prétentions impériales d’acquérir des connaissances sur les Nouveaux Mondes. Ces informations étaient nouvelles et massives à tel point qu’il était nécessaire de les organiser. À cette fin, des instruments de collecte et de gestion d’information ont été élaborés qui, aujourd’hui, représentent une source inépuisable de réflexion pour les historiens des sciences. Du point de vue épistémologique, le Padrón Real (carte-modèle royale) ou les Relaciones Geográficas de Indias - entre autres - sont parmi les exemples les plus remarquables. Ici on analysera le Padrón Real de la Casa de la Contratación de Séville – une carte modèle à partir de laquelle on produisait les cartes de la Carrera de Indias (voyage maritime et commercial entre l’Espagne et l’Amérique) – pour mettre en évidence le lieu occupé par la cartographie dans la construction d’un des premiers empires mondiaux de l’Europe moderne. Basé sur l’analyse cartographique d’une série de cartes, cet article montre comment, pendant le xvie siècle, la monarchie espagnole a essayé de construire une carte « impossible » pour conférer une visibilité à leur vaste empire d’outre-mer
Residents as Mentors: The Development of Resident Mentorship Milestones
Authors: Khan Nickalus R. , Rialon Kristy L. , Buretta Kate J. , Deslauriers Jessica R. , Harwood Jared L. , Jardine Dinchen A. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTBackground Mentorship of residents by more senior colleagues has been identified as important for stress management and creating an ideal learning environment.Objective We set out to define the attributes of an ideal resident mentor and explore ways to develop these attributes during residency training.Methods A 28-member, multi-specialty counsel of residents and fellows used 2 phases of a small group exercise. In the first phase, the group developed desirable attributes of resident mentors and explored means of developing these attributes. In the second phase, the group identified trends in the results, and in a second small group exercise with participants at a major national conference, refined these trends into Resident Mentorship Milestones.Results The exercises identified 3 common themes: availability, competence, and support of the mentee. We defined milestones for mentorship in each of these areas.Conclusions The Resident Mentorship Milestones, developed by a national panel of residents, describe 3 key dimensions of mentorship: availability, defined as making time for mentorship; competence for and success in mentoring; and support of the mentee. These milestones may serve as a novel tool to develop and assess successful resident mentorship models.
Socrative: A tool to dinamyze the classroom
Authors: Bello Pintado Alejandro , Merino Diaz de Cerio Javier 
Published: June 2017

<p>The introduction of new technologies in teaching is a challenge that teachers in Oprations Management have to deal with. "Socrative" is an application created in 2010 by profesor Amit Maimon, from School of Management and Management of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). This tool allows to induce reflections on the meaning of concepts that are exposed in the classroom, requiring some response immediate from the studentes. <br /> <br />We consider that there are many advantages that can be obtained wtih the use of these technologies. It capture the interest of the student, promotes the involvement in a continuous working, favors collaboration in the classroom combating the "scenic fear" and allows to strengthen of knowledge. At the same time, helps to better retain what is explained and forces studentes to make mistakes or succeed, stimulating the debate.</p><p>[SOCRATIVE: Una herramienta para dinamizar el aula</p><p>La introducción de nuevas tecnologías en la docencia es un reto al que tenemos que hacer frente con urgencia los profesores de cualquier materia y por tanto también los profesores de Dirección de Operaciones. La idea básica es <em>inducir a la reflexión sobre el significado</em> de los conceptos y propiedades que se exponen en el aula, requiriendo alguna <em>respuesta inmediata</em><strong>“Socrative”</strong> es una idea surgida 2010 y fue promovida por Amit Maimon, un profesor asistente en la Escuela de Administración y Dirección de Empresas del <strong>Instituto Tecnológico de Massachusetts</strong> (MIT). , nada más ser introducidos.</p><p>Consideramos que son muchas las ventajas que se pueden obtener con la utilización de este tipo de recursos: capta el interés del estudiante, le empuja a implicarse de forma continua, favorece la colaboración en el aula combatiendo el “miedo escénico”, permite afianzar el conocimiento paso a paso, ayuda a retener mejor lo explicado, obliga a todos a equivocarse o acertar y fomenta el debate]</p>
First Experience on Bilirubin Removal with a Hemoadsorption Column (Lixelle®) in a Child with Cardiogenic Liver Injury
Authors: Bottari Gabriella , Moscatelli Andrea , Verrina Enrico E. , Lerzo Franco , Taccone Fabio S. 
Published: June 2017

Introduction Hyperbilirubinemia may have deleterious effects on many organs, even after the neonatal age. Blood purification is effective in the treatment of hyperbilirubinemia. Recently some reports suggest the potential role of hemoadsorption columns in this setting. Methods We present the case of a 6-year-old child with severe hyperbilirubinemia due to congestive liver dysfunction, complicated by persistent inflammation, immunosuppression and catabolism syndrome (PICS). The patient was treated with a hemoadsorption column (Lixelle®) in combination with continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF). Results During treatment, a significant and rapid decrease in total bilirubin (TB) and other indices of cholestasis was observed. Furthermore, a progressive reduction in the inflammatory biomarkers (Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein) occurred. These results persisted at the discontinuation of therapy. Conclusions To our knowledge this is the first case in which hemoadsorption with the Lixelle® adsorbing column in combination with CVVHDF has been used to manage pediatric hyperbiliribinemia secondary to cardiogenic liver injury.
Discordance in RAS Mutations between Primary Colon Tumor and Metastases: A Real Event or a Matter of Methodology?
Authors: De Stefano Alfonso , Rosanova Mario , Malapelle Umberto , Martini Maurizio , De Falco Stefano , Attademo Laura , Fiore Giovanni , Cenci Tonia , Bellevicine Claudio , De Placido Sabino , Troncone Giancarlo , Carlomagno Chiara 
Published: June 2017

Background Analysis of K- and N-RAS mutations is mandatory before planning treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer, because only RAS wild-type (WT) patients can benefit from treatment with anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies (cetuximab and panitumumab). Case report Here we report the case of a 69-year-old male patient affected by metastatic sigmoid cancer. He underwent left hemicolectomy, and histology diagnosed a well-differentiated, pT4, node-positive adenocarcinoma; KRAS analysis performed with direct sequencing identified a mutation in exon 2 of the KRAS gene (GGT->GTT). After first-line chemotherapy with FOLFOX6 plus bevacizumab, the patient underwent surgical resection of residual liver metastases. Histology showed metastatic deposits from colic adenocarcinoma with extensive coagulative necrosis. Mutational analysis of the KRAS gene was also performed on liver metastases by pyrosequencing assay, and no mutation was identified. Due to the discordant results (GGT->GTT exon 2 KRAS mutation in the primary tumor, and KRAS-WT in the liver metastases), mutational analysis on liver metastasis was repeated using next-generation sequencing and enriching the sample in tumor cells by manual microdissection; the same type of mutation of the primary tumor (GGT->GTT exon 2 KRAS gene) was confirmed. Conclusions Accurate tissue sampling and adequately sensitive assays are essential to correctly identify colorectal cancer patients who can be treated with an anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody.