bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teaching and learning data structure concepts via Visual Kinesthetic Pseudocode with the aid of a constructively aligned app
Authors: Odisho Ogen , Aziz Mark , Giacaman Nasser 
Published: September 2016

AbstractData Structures is an integral topic for any Computer Science or Software Engineering degree, identified as a Core Tier‐1 topic of the ACM/IEEE Computer Science Curricula. The underlying concepts are inherently abstract, making them especially difficult to understand for novice programmers. This paper proposes a cognitively challenging technique to help students understand the thought process that the learning outcomes of fundamental data structure units aim to achieve. The development of this thought process is using a technique we term Visual Kinesthetic Pseudocode, with the overarching goal of helping students code without coding, yet providing the necessary scaffold to guide them in implementing the data structures with real code. This was implemented in the form of INTERACTIVEDS, an app for students and teachers to guide the learning of fundamental data structure concepts. The evaluations demonstrate that students strongly credited INTERACTIVEDS in aiding their understanding of concepts and confidence in applying data structure concepts in practice. The study is also a step forward in revealing potential threshold concepts pertaining to data structure modules. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 24:926–933, 2016; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21768
A client focused perspective of the effectiveness of Counselling for Depression (CfD)
Authors: Goldman Stacey , Brettle Alison , McAndrew Sue 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundIn the UK, only one in four people with a diagnosis of depression receive any form of treatment. To address this, the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) programme was established with the main therapeutic approach being cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). This raised concern regarding client choice, prompting the development of a new evidence‐based manualised therapy, namely ‘Counselling for Depression’ [CfD]. To date, the client's view of the effectiveness of CfD has not been researched.AimsThe aims of this study were twofold: (1) to explore and evaluate CfD from the perspective of the client and (2) to inform the counselling profession of the client's perception of what is occurring within this therapeutic approach.MethodologyThis qualitative study used Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, the ideographic aspect valuing each individual narrative and the contribution it makes towards a larger account of the phenomenon from a small group of people. Twelve participants receiving CfD completed a Helpful Aspects of Therapy questionnaire after each counselling session, with ten participating in a semi‐structured interview post counselling.FindingsFour superordinate themes were identified: A helpful process, Client's view of a counsellor, Gains and Negative aspects. Participants perceived this model of therapy as helpful, feeling understood by their counsellors and able to work through issues in a safe therapeutic relationship. Negative findings related to counselling being ‘hard work’ and a dislike of the time limitation that curtailed the work.ImplicationsParticipants believed this type of counselling met their needs, reassuring practitioners that CfD is helpful to their clients.
The effects of telepsychology format on empathic accuracy and the therapeutic alliance: An analogue counselling session
Authors: Reese Robert J. , Mecham Mary R. , Vasilj Igor , Lengerich Alex J. , Brown Holly M. , Simpson Nicholas B. , Newsome Benjamin D. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe primary purpose of this study was to evaluate whether psychotherapy format (videoconferencing, telephone or in‐person) influenced therapist empathic accuracy and clients’ perceptions of the therapeutic alliance. We also evaluated whether client attitudes towards using telepsychology influenced the therapeutic alliance in the telepsychology formats. A secondary purpose was to determine whether empathic accuracy predicted the therapeutic alliance differently across service delivery formats.MethodA randomised block design was used to assign volunteer clients (N = 58) to receive one session of psychotherapy in a videoconferencing, telephonic or in‐person format. Clients completed two therapeutic alliance measures and a telepsychology attitudes measure, and both therapists and clients completed an empathic accuracy measure.ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences between the conditions on therapist empathic accuracy or therapeutic alliance. Attitudes towards telepsychology and empathic accuracy were both significant predictors of alliance in the telepsychology delivery formats. Interestingly, empathic accuracy did not predict the therapeutic alliance for clients in the in‐person condition.ConclusionsAlthough preliminary, the results suggest that the technology‐mediated psychotherapy processes of empathic accuracy and therapeutic alliance seem to be similar to in‐person psychotherapy. Empathic accuracy, however, may be a more salient process for clients who receive services in a telepsychology format. Process‐focused research may highlight important distinctions in technology‐mediated psychological services that inform both practice and policy.
Long‐term outcomes and re‐interventions following balloon aortic valvuloplasty in pediatric patients with congenital aortic stenosis: A single‐center study
Authors: Sullivan Patrick M. , Rubio Agustin E. , Johnston Troy A. , Jones Thomas K. 
Published: September 2016

ObjectivesTo describe long‐term risk of mortality, aortic insufficiency (AI), and re‐intervention following balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) in pediatric patients and to identify risk factors for re‐intervention.BackgroundFew studies report long‐term outcomes following BAV in infants and children.MethodsKaplan‐Meier estimates and proportional hazards regression were used in a retrospective study of 154 patients undergoing BAV from 1993 to 2013.ResultsSeventy‐six (49%) patients were neonates. Aortic stenosis (AS) gradients were reduced by 38 ± 19 mm Hg. Moderate or severe AI developed acutely in 19 (12%) patients. Estimates of fifteen‐year transplant‐free survival were 85% (95%CI: 73–92%) in neonates, 94% (95%CI: 80–96%) in infants, and 100% in older patients. Neonates had an elevated long‐term risk of AI (P < 0.001) and left heart re‐interventions (P = 0.02). At 15 years, an estimated 32% (95%CI: 15–50%) of neonates and 44% (95%CI: 20–65%) of non‐neonates remained free from re‐intervention; an estimated 45% (95% CI: 26–63%) of neonates and 62% (95% CI: 40–77%) of non‐neonates remained free of aortic valve replacement (AVR). Neonatal age, additional left heart lesions, higher pre‐ and post‐dilation gradients, and acute AI were associated with LVOT re‐interventions. Post‐dilation gradient ≥30 mm Hg and acute AI were associated with AVR. Patients with moderate or severe acute AI but a residual AS gradient <30 mm Hg had a greater risk of AVR compared to patients with a residual AS gradient ≥30 mm Hg but mild or less AI (HR: 2.98 [95% CI: 1.01–8.77]).ConclusionsWhile post‐BAV survival is excellent, long‐term risks of AI and re‐intervention are significant. Acute AI is a more strongly associated with AVR than residual AS. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prevalence, indications and management of balloon uncrossable chronic total occlusions: Insights from a contemporary multicenter US registry
Authors: Karacsonyi Judit , Karmpaliotis Dimitri , Alaswad Khaldoon , Jaffer Farouc A. , Yeh Robert W. , Patel Mitul , Bahadorani John , Doing Anthony , Ali Ziad A. , Karatasakis Aris , Danek Barbara A. , Rangan Bavana V. , Alame Aya J. , Banerjee Subhash , Brilakis Emmanouil S. 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundBalloon uncrossable lesions can be challenging to treat, requiring specialized techniques and equipment.MethodsWe examined the prevalence, clinical and angiographic characteristics, management and procedural outcomes of balloon uncrossable lesions in a multicenter chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) registry.ResultsBetween 2012 and 2016, 718 CTO PCIs (in which the occlusion was successfully crossed with a guidewire) were performed in 701 patients at 11 US centers. Mean age was 65.6 ± 10 years and 84% of the patients were men. Balloon uncrossable lesions represented 9% of all CTOs. Balloon uncrossable CTOs had more moderate/severe calcification (82% vs. 52%, P < 0.0001), moderate/severe tortuosity (61% vs. 35% P < 0.0001) and higher J‐CTO score (2.95 ± 1.32 vs. 2.43 ± 1.23, P = 0.005) as compared with the remaining lesions. Technical and procedural success was significantly lower for balloon uncrossable lesions (90.5% vs. 98.3%, P < 0.0001 and 88.9% vs. 96.6% P = 0.004), respectively, but the incidence of major adverse events was similar (1.6% vs. 2.2%, P = 0.751). Balloon uncrossable lesions required longer procedure (208 [interquartile range: 135, 258] vs. 135 [94, 194] min, P < 0.0001) and fluoroscopy (77 [52, 100] vs. 45 min [27, 75], P < 0.0001) time. Techniques used to treat balloon uncrossable lesions included balloon‐assisted microdissection (23%), excimer laser atherectomy (18%), and rotational atherectomy (16%). Excimer laser atherectomy and balloon‐assisted microdissection were associated with the highest technical and procedural success rates.ConclusionsBalloon uncrossable CTOs are common, are associated with high rates of technical failure, and require specialized techniques for successful treatment. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intracardiac versus transesophageal echocardiography for left atrial appendage occlusion with watchman
Authors: Frangieh Antonio H. , Alibegovic Jasmina , Templin Christian , Gaemperli Oliver , Obeid Slayman , Manka Robert , Holy Erik W. , Maier Willibald , Lüscher Thomas F. , Binder Ronald K. 
Published: September 2016

Background: Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is mostly performed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) guidance. Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) may be an alternative imaging modality for LAAO that precludes the need for general anesthesia or sedation.Methods and Results: All consecutive single center, single operator LAAO candidates were analyzed. Baseline clinical and procedural characteristics and in‐hospital outcomes were compared between patients in whom a Watchman was implanted with ICE vs. TEE guidance. In 76 consecutive patients the Watchman device was deployed under ICE in 32 patients (42%) and under TEE guidance in 44 patients (58%). Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups, except that patients in the TEE group were older (81 [75–85] years vs. 75 [68–80] years, P = 0.007). Total injected contrast media as well as fluoroscopy time were comparable between groups (90 ml [54–140] vs. 85 ml [80–110], P = 0.86 and 7.9 min [6.4–15.5] vs. 9.8 min [7.0–13.2], P = 0.51, for TEE vs. ICE, respectively). However, time from femoral venous puncture to transseptal puncture and to closure was longer in the ICE group (14 min [7.3–20] vs. 6 min [3.3–11], P = 0.007 and 48 min [40–60] vs. 34.5 min [27–44], P = 0.003, respectively). In the TEE group one patient suffered esophageal erosion with bleeding, which was managed conservatively and one non‐LAAO related in‐hospital mortality occurred in an 88‐year‐old patient. Device implantation success rate was 100% in both groups. No device embolization, no significant peri‐device leak, no tamponade, no stroke, and no access site bleeding occurred in any patient. Total hospital stay for stand‐alone LAAO was comparable between groups (2 days [2–2] vs. 2 days [2–3.3], P = 0.17, in ICE vs. TEE, respectively).Conclusions: ICE guidance for LAAO with the Watchman device is feasible and comparable to TEE and may become the preferred imaging modality for LAAO. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of experience on procedure steps, safety, and functional results in edge to edge mitral valve repair—a single center study
Authors: Hamm Karsten , Zacher Michael , Hautmann Martina , Gietzen Frank , Halbfass Philipp , Kerber Sebastian , Diegeler Anno , Schieffer Bernhard , Barth Sebastian 
Published: September 2016

Objectives: We sought to determine the effects of experience on the Mitraclip® procedure steps as well as procedure safety and functional results.Background: MR has proven deleterious in heart failure. Mitraclip® therapy evolved an important option in patients with severely reduced left ventricular function (LVEF).Methods: Between 2011 and 2016, 126 consecutive patients were grouped in three groups and investigated in a prospective observational study. We evaluated the duration of procedural steps, safety endpoints, and functional results.Results: The median logistic EuroScore was 32% (7–40%). Ninety‐five percent of patients were in NYHA‐stage ≥III and 51% had a LVEF <30%. Groups were homogeneous as to their baseline NYHA status and right heart catheterization data. Echocardiography data are comparable, albeit with a decreasing effective regurgitant orifice area (0.44 ± 0.21 group I vs. 0.34 ± 0.22 group III, P = 0.02). Frailty was less frequent and baseline 6 min walking test results improved from group I to group III. Duration of a first clip placement decreased from 106 ± 50 to 50 ± 21 min (P < 0.001). Total procedure time decreased from 221 ± 70 to 144 ± 68 (P < 0.001). The number of clips implanted increased from 66 to 79 (P = 0.02). MitraClip® implantation was effective in either group but the combined safety endpoint was reached less frequent in group III (P = 0.01). There was no difference in MACCE rate, 30 day‐ or intrahospital‐mortality between groups.Conclusion: Safety and duration of procedure steps improved substantially with experience. MR reduction was sustained from the beginning without further improvement. Patient selection is a key factor for success. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The health care experience of patients with cancer during the last year of life: Analysis of the SEER‐CAHPS data set
Authors: Halpern Michael T. , Urato Matthew P. , Kent Erin E. 
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUNDProviding high‐quality medical care for individuals with cancer during their last year of life involves a range of challenges. An important component of high‐quality care during this critical period is ensuring optimal patient satisfaction. The objective of the current study was to assess factors influencing health care ratings among individuals with cancer within 1 year before death.METHODSThe current study used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)‐Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) data set, a new data resource linking patient‐reported information from the CAHPS Medicare Survey with clinical information from the National Cancer Institute's SEER program. The study included 5102 Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with cancer who completed CAHPS between 1998 and 2011 within 1 year before their death. Multivariable logistic regression analyses examined associations between patient demographic and insurance characteristics with 9 measures of health care experience.RESULTSPatients with higher general or mental health status were significantly more likely to indicate excellent experience with nearly all measures examined. Sex, race/ethnicity, and education also were found to be significant predictors for certain ratings. Greater time before death predicted an increased likelihood of higher ratings for health plan and specialist physician. Clinical characteristics were found to have few significant associations with experience of care. Individuals in fee‐for‐service Medicare plans (vs Medicare Advantage) had a greater likelihood of excellent experience with health plans, getting care quickly, and getting needed care.CONCLUSIONSAmong patients with cancer within 1 year before death, experience with health plans, physicians, and medical care were found to be associated with sociodemographic, insurance, and clinical characteristics. These findings provide guidance for the development of programs to improve the experience of care among individuals with cancer. Cancer 2017;123:336–344. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Expression of Cys‐loop receptor subunits and acetylcholine binding protein in the mechanosensory neurons, glial cells, and muscle tissue of the spider Cupiennius salei
Authors: Liu Hongxia , French Andrew S. , Torkkeli Päivi H. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTThe central and peripheral nervous system transcriptomes of the spider Cupiennius salei have 15 Cys‐loop receptor subunits and an acetylcholine‐binding protein (AChBP). Twelve subunits are predicted to form anion channels gated by γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, histamine, or changes in pH, and three are putative ACh‐gated cation channels. Spiders have a variety of mechanosensilla and proprioceptive organs that are innervated by efferents in their peripherally located parts, and efferents also innervate muscle fibers. We investigated Cys‐loop gene expression in muscle tissue by qPCR and localized this expression in mechanosensilla via in situ hybridization. The cuticular mechanosensory neurons had only CsGABArdl and CspHCl2 subunits, whereas the muscle tissue expressed a wider variety of subunits, especially CsGABAgrd, CsGABAAβ, CsGluCl1 and CspHCl, but very low levels of the CsGABArdl or CsnACh subunits. An nACh non‐α subunit was expressed in a group of unidentified cells in the hypodermis and at low level in the muscle tissue, but the physiological function of this subunit is unknown. The CsnAChα subunit was not expressed in sensory neurons and was expressed at extremely low level in the muscle tissue. None of the probes gave signals in proprioceptive joint receptors, suggesting that efferent innervation to this sense organ employs other receptor types. CsAChBP and a glia‐specific homeodomain CsREPO were both expressed in glial cells that surround sensory neurons and also in muscle tissue, probably around the nerve endings of the neuromuscular junction. These locations have large numbers of synapses, suggesting that AChBP may have a function in modulating synaptic transmission. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:1139–1154, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reversible Electrocatalytic Activity of Carbon‐Supported PtxNi1−x in Hydrogen Reactions
Authors: Dessources Samuel , Morais Claudia , Napporn Têko W. , Kokoh K. Boniface 
Published: September 2016

AbstractHydrogen oxidation and evolution reactions (HOR and HER) are studied on PtxNi1−x/C materials synthesized by the bromide anion exchange method. Physicochemical characterization shows that this surfactant‐free method enables the preparation of well‐dispersed and effective catalysts for the processes involved in the anode of H2/O2 fuel cells (HOR) and the cathode of water electrolyzers (HER). The Pt‐based materials are modified with different Ni contents to decrease the amount of costly precious metal in the electrode materials. These modified Pt‐based materials are found to be electroactive for both reactions without additional overpotential. Kinetic parameters such as the Tafel slope, exchange (j0) and kinetic current densities, and the rate‐determining steps of the reaction mechanisms are determined for each Pt–Ni catalyst and compared to those obtained at the Pt/C surface in alkaline medium. The high j0 values that are obtained indicate a probable contribution of the surface structure of the catalysts due to their roughness and the presence of oxygenated Ni species even at low potentials.
Anticancer RuII and RhIII Piano‐Stool Complexes that are Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
Authors: Cross Jasmine M. , Blower Tim R. , Gallagher Natalie , Gill Jason H. , Rockley Kimberly L. , Walton James W. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe first examples of RuII and RhIII piano‐stool complex histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are presented. The novel complexes have antiproliferative activity against H460 non‐small‐cell lung carcinoma cells that is comparable to the clinically used HDAC inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA). Strong evidence for HDAC inhibition as a primary mechanism of action is provided. The complexes reported here represent an important step towards the design of highly active and selective HDAC inhibitors.
Critical Role of pH Evolution of Electrolyte in the Reaction Mechanism for Rechargeable Zinc Batteries
Authors: Lee Boeun , Seo Hyo Ree , Lee Hae Ri , Yoon Chong Seung , Kim Jong Hak , Chung Kyung Yoon , Cho Byung Won , Oh Si Hyoung 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe reaction mechanism of α‐MnO2 having 2×2 tunnel structure with zinc ions in a zinc rechargeable battery, employing an aqueous zinc sulfate electrolyte, was investigated by in situ monitoring structural changes and water chemistry alterations during the reaction. Contrary to the conventional belief that zinc ions intercalate into the tunnels of α‐MnO2, we reveal that they actually precipitate in the form of layered zinc hydroxide sulfate (Zn4(OH)6(SO4)⋅5 H2O) on the α‐MnO2 surface. This precipitation occurs because unstable trivalent manganese disproportionates and is dissolved in the electrolyte during the discharge process, resulting in a gradual increase in the pH value of the electrolyte. This causes zinc hydroxide sulfate to crystallize from the electrolyte on the electrode surface. During the charge process, the pH value of the electrolyte decreases due to recombination of manganese on the cathode, leading to dissolution of zinc hydroxide sulfate back into the electrolyte. An analogous phenomenon is also observed in todorokite, a manganese dioxide polymorph with 3×3 tunnel structure that is an indication for the critical role of pH changes of the electrolyte in the reaction mechanism of this battery system.
Design of Surface Doping for Mitigating Transition Metal Dissolution in LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Nanoparticles
Authors: Lim Jin‐Myoung , Oh Rye‐Gyeong , Kim Duho , Cho Woosuk , Cho Kyeongjae , Cho Maenghyo , Park Min‐Sik 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) comprising spinel cathode materials, the dissolution of transition metals (TMs) in the cathodes causes severe cyclic degradation. We investigate the origin and mechanism of surface TM dissolution in high‐voltage spinel oxide (LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4) nanoparticles to find a practical method for its mitigation. Atomic structures of the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 surfaces are developed, and the electronic structures are investigated by first‐principles calculations. The results indicate that titanium is a promising dopant for forming a more stable surface structure by reinforcing metal–oxygen bonds in LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4. Experimentally synthesized LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 with titanium surface doping exhibits improved electrochemical performance by suppressing undesirable TM dissolution during cycles. The theoretical prediction and experimental validation presented here suggest a viable method to suppress TM dissolution in LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4.