bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphorus reduces the zinc concentration in cereals pot‐grown on calcareous Vertisols from southern Spain
Authors: Sánchez‐Rodríguez Antonio Rafael , del Campillo María Carmen , Torrent José 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDZinc deficiency, a major problem in crops grown on soils low in available Zn, is even more important in phosphorus‐rich soils. This work aimed to elucidate the effects of soil P and Zn levels, and of fertilizer application, on yield and Zn concentration in cereal grains.RESULTSWheat and barley were successively pot‐grown on 20 calcareous Vertisols low in available Zn and ranging widely in available P. Grain yield in the plants grown on the native soils was positively correlated with Olsen P but not with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)‐extractable Zn except for wheat on P‐rich soils. Grain Zn concentration was negatively correlated with Olsen P. Grain Zn uptake differed little among soils. Application of P to the soils increased grain yield insignificantly and P concentration significantly; however, it reduced grain Zn concentration (particularly at low Olsen P values). Applying Zn alone only increased grain Zn concentration, whereas applying P and Zn in combination increased yield and grain Zn concentration at low and high Olsen P values, respectively.CONCLUSIONApplying P alone to plants grown on calcareous Vertisols low in available P and Zn may in practice reduce grain Zn concentrations while not increasing grain yield significantly. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
A Cocatalytic Effect between Meldrum's Acid and Benzoxazine Compounds in Preparation of High Performance Thermosetting Resins
Authors: Chen Yi , Lin Liang‐Kai , Chiang Shu‐Jen , Liu Ying‐Ling 
Published: December 2016

In this work, a cocatalytic effect between Meldrum's acid (MA) and benzoxazine (Bz) compounds has been explored to build up a self‐promoting curing system. Consequently, the MA/Bz reactive blend exhibits a relatively low reaction temperature compared to the required temperatures for the cross‐linking reactions of the pure MA and Bz components. This feature is attractive for energy‐saving processing issues. Moreover, the thermosetting resins based on the MA/Bz reactive blends have been prepared. The MA component can generate additional free volume in the resulting resins, so as to trap air in the resin matrix and consequently to bring low dielectric constants to the resins. The MA‐containing agent is an effective modifier for benzoxazine resins to reduce their dielectric constants.
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Trends in Regenerative Medicine: Repigmentation in Vitiligo Through Melanocyte Stem Cell Mobilization
Authors: Birlea Stanca A. , Costin Gertrude‐E. , Roop Dennis R. , Norris David A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractVitiligo is the most frequent human pigmentary disorder, characterized by progressive autoimmune destruction of mature epidermal melanocytes. Of the current treatments offering partial and temporary relief, ultraviolet (UV) light is the most effective, coordinating an intricate network of keratinocyte and melanocyte factors that control numerous cellular and molecular signaling pathways. This UV‐activated process is a classic example of regenerative medicine, inducing functional melanocyte stem cell populations in the hair follicle to divide, migrate, and differentiate into mature melanocytes that regenerate the epidermis through a complex process involving melanocytes and other cell lineages in the skin. Using an in‐depth correlative analysis of multiple experimental and clinical data sets, we generated a modern molecular research platform that can be used as a working model for further research of vitiligo repigmentation. Our analysis emphasizes the active participation of defined molecular pathways that regulate the balance between stemness and differentiation states of melanocytes and keratinocytes: p53 and its downstream effectors controlling melanogenesis; Wnt/β‐catenin with proliferative, migratory, and differentiation roles in different pigmentation systems; integrins, cadherins, tetraspanins, and metalloproteinases, with promigratory effects on melanocytes; TGF‐β and its effector PAX3, which control differentiation. Our long‐term goal is to design pharmacological compounds that can specifically activate melanocyte precursors in the hair follicle in order to obtain faster, better, and durable repigmentation.
Upper and lower extremity reconstructive applications utilizing free flaps from the medial genicular arterial system: A systematic review
Authors: Kazmers Nikolas H. , Thibaudeau Stephanie , Steinberger Zvi , Scott Levin L. 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundFree flaps derived from the medial genicular artery (MGA) system, including the medial femoral condyle (MFC) and medial femoral trochlear (MFT) flaps, are potential reconstructive options to address upper and lower extremity bony pathology. Our primary aim was to comprehensively search the literature to describe the spectrum of pathology treated with these flaps, and to assess patient outcomes to improve our understanding of expected union and complication rates.MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review using Pubmed and Embase databases with citation cross‐referencing was performed to identify all original clinical articles characterizing MGA flap treatment of upper and lower extremity pathology.ResultsThe initial search identified 173 articles which was narrowed down to 40 meeting inclusion criteria, representing a total of 248 cases: 174 and 74 in the upper and lower extremities, respectively. Sixteen distinct recipient sites were identified with union rates ranging from 66 to 100% (98.7% overall). The majority (83.9%) of patients had undergone prior failed surgery. Major complications (those with limb/flap loss or requiring unplanned reoperation) were more frequent for lower versus upper extremity applications (17.1% vs. 6.2%, respectively). Donor site femoral fracture or persistent knee dysfunction occurred in 0.8% and 0.4% of patients, respectively.ConclusionsMGA free flaps are a versatile option for upper and lower extremity osseous reconstruction, offering high rates of union with minimal complications for a complex patient population. This study furthers our understanding of patient outcomes following MGA flap reconstruction, which previously was limited to case reports and small case series.
Long‐term outcomes for transobturator tension‐free vaginal tapes in women with urodynamic mixed urinary incontinence
Authors: Abdel‐Fattah Mohamed , Cao Gabriel , Mostafa Alyaa 
Published: December 2016

AIMSTo assess the long‐term patient reported outcomes following transobturator tension‐free vaginal tapes (TO‐TVT) in women with urodynamic mixed urinary incontinence (MUI).METHODSA secondary analysis of the 9‐year follow‐up of the E‐TOT study: 341 women with predominant stress urinary incontinence symptoms were randomized to undergo either inside‐out or outside‐in TO‐TVT between April 2005 and April 2007. Forty‐eight women had preoperative urodynamic MUI and were available for 9‐year follow‐up. Primary outcome was the patient‐reported success rate defined as very/much improved on Patient's Global Impression of Improvement PGI‐I. Secondary outcomes included impact on women's quality of life, sexual function, overactive bladder symptoms,and late adverse events. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.23.RESULTSForty‐eight women completed the 9‐year follow‐up, with adjusted response rate of 63%. The success based on the PGI‐I was 64.6% (n = 31), with a further 14.6% (n = 7) who reported “improved.” There was no significant difference between groups (OR 1.11; 95%CI 0.33, 3.70; P > 0.999). Clinically significant improvement in quality of life was found in 85.3%. Cure of urgency and UUI was reported by 35% and 41%, whereas worsening was reported in 6.5% and 2.3%, respectively. One patient reported chronic groin/leg pain. The small sample size and the sizeable loss to follow‐up are limitations in this study.CONCLUSIONSThis is the first study to report the long‐term outcomes of TO‐TVT in women with urodynamic MUI; TO‐TVT is associated with a good and sustained patient‐reported success rate in women with MUI up to 9‐years follow‐up.
The evidence for and against different modes of tumour cell extravasation in the lung: diapedesis, capillary destruction, necroptosis, and endothelialization
Authors: Paku Sándor , Laszlo Viktoria , Dezso Katalin , Nagy Peter , Hoda Mir Alireza , Klepetko Walter , Renyi‐Vamos Ferenc , Timar Jozsef , Reynolds Andrew R , Dome Balazs 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe development of lung metastasis is a significant negative prognostic factor for cancer patients. The extravasation phase of lung metastasis involves interactions of tumour cells with the pulmonary endothelium. These interactions may have broad biological and medical significance, with potential clinical implications ranging from the discovery of lung metastasis biomarkers to the identification of targets for intervention in preventing lung metastases. Because of the potential significance, the mechanisms of tumour cell extravasation require cautious, systematic studies. Here, we discuss the literature pertaining to the proposed mechanisms of extravasation and critically compare a recently proposed mechanism (tumour cell‐induced endothelial necroptosis) with the already described extravasation mechanisms in the lung. We also provide novel data that may help to explain the underlying physiological basis for endothelialization as a mechanism of tumour cell extravasation in the lung. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improved TLC Bioautographic Assay for Qualitative and Quantitative Estimation of Tyrosinase Inhibitors in Natural Products
Authors: Zhou Jinge , Tang Qingjiu , Wu Tao , Cheng Zhihong 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIntroductionTLC bioautography for tyrosinase inhibitors has made recent progress; however, an assay with a relative low consumption of enzyme and quantitative capability would greatly advance the efficacy of related TLC bioautographic assays.ObjectiveAn improved TLC bioautographic assay for detecting tyrosinase inhibitors was developed and validated in this study.MethodsL‐DOPA (better water‐solubility than L‐tyrosine) was used as the substrate instead of reported L‐tyrosine. The effects of enzyme and substrate concentrations, reaction temperatures and times, and pH values of the reaction system as well as different plate types on the TLC bioautographic assay were optimised. The quantitative analysis was conducted by densitometric scanning of spot areas, and expressed as the relative tyrosinase inhibitory capacity (RTIC) using a positive control (kojic acid) equivalent.ResultsThe limit of detection (LOD) of this assay was 1.0 ng for kojic acid. This assay has acceptable accuracy (101.73–102.90%), intra‐ and inter‐day, and intra‐ and inter‐plate precisions [relative standard deviation (RSD), less than 7.0%], and ruggedness (RSD, less than 3.5%). The consumption of enzyme (75 U/mL) is relatively low. Two tyrosinase inhibitory compounds including naringenin and 1‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐4‐allylbenzene have been isolated from Rhodiola sacra guided by this TLC bioautographic assay.ConclusionOur improved assay is a relatively low‐cost, sensitive, and quantitative method compared to the reported TLC bioautographic assays. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HPLC‐ELSD Quantification and Centrifugal Partition Chromatography Isolation of 8‐O‐Acetylharpagide from Oxera coronata (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Remeur Camille , Le Borgne Erell , Gauthier Léa , Grougnet Raphaël , Deguin Brigitte , Poullain Cyril , Litaudon Marc 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIntroductionIridoid glycosides possess highly functionalised monoterpenoid aglycon with several contiguous stereocentres. For the most common, they are often present in quantities reaching several percentage of the fresh plant weight, and thus they may be regarded as starting material for the synthesis of a number of new chiral and bioactive molecules.ObjectiveTo quantify and to isolate 8‐O‐acetylharpagide (AH) from several extracts of Oxera coronata R.P.J. de Kok, a Lamiaceae species endemic to New Caledonia, using HPLC‐ELSD (evaporative light scattering detector) and centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC).MethodologyOxera coronata produces high amounts of AH in leaves, twigs and fruits. Water and methanol extracts of these plant parts were prepared. The content of AH in each extract was quantified by HPLC‐ELSD, using acetonitrile–water (+0.1% formic acid) gradient elution. The HPLC method was validated for precision, linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ) and accuracy. A ternary solvent system ethyl acetate/n‐propanol/water (3:2:5, v/v/v) was selected and applied to recover the target compound using Spot CPC from the leaves aqueous extract.ResultsHPLC‐ELSD analysis followed by CPC purification led to the efficient isolation of AH from O. coronata leaves aqueous extract.ConclusionHPLC‐ELSD has proven to be a well‐adapted detection and quantification method for iridoid glycosides, while CPC confirmed to be an efficient technique for the isolation of polar compounds. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Odds of Viral Suppression by Single‐Tablet Regimens, Multiple‐Tablet Regimens, and Adherence Level in HIV/AIDS Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Sutton S. Scott , Magagnoli Joseph , Hardin James W. 
Published: December 2016

Study ObjectiveTo evaluate the odds of achieving viral suppression in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients using antiretroviral therapy as a single‐tablet regimen (STR) or multiple‐tablet regimen (MTR).DesignRetrospective cohort study.Data SourcesSouth Carolina Medicaid medical and pharmacy paid claims data were obtained from the South Carolina Revenue and Fiscal Affairs Office; laboratory data were obtained from the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control.PatientsA total of 1536 patients who were dispensed a complete STR (477 patients) or MTR (1059 patients) regimen lasting at least 60 days between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2013.Measurements and Main ResultsThe analysis examined adherence levels and regimen type on odds of viral load suppression. Regimen adherence levels (90–94%, 85–89%, 80–84%, and less than 80%) were compared with the gold standard adherence for HIV of 95% or greater. Patients were followed from index date until the earliest date of regimen discontinuation, treatment switch, end of study period, last date of eligibility, or death. Differences in outcomes were evaluated by χ2, Wilcoxon rank sum statistical tests, and multivariate regression models controlling for covariates. For STR regimens we find that, when compared with 95% or greater adherence, there is no statistical difference in the odds of viral suppression with adherence levels greater than or equal to 80%. However, adherence levels greater than or equal to 95% were associated with a greater odds of viral suppression when compared with less than 80% STR adherence (odds ratio [OR] 2.57, Dunnett 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–6.32). For MTR regimens, there was no statistical difference in the odds of viral suppression for the adherence level 90–94% compared with the 95% or greater adherence (OR 3.59, Dunnett 95% CI 0.805–16.043). However, the 95% or greater adherence has greater odds of viral suppression compared with all other MTR adherence levels. In addition, no difference was found in the odds of viral suppression between STR and MTR for all adherence levels.ConclusionsCompared with 95% or greater adherence, STR regimens achieve viral suppression with adherence levels of 80% or greater, whereas MTR regimens require adherence levels of 90% or greater to achieve viral suppression in South Carolina Medicaid patients with HIV/AIDS.
Caregiver, patient, and nurse visit communication patterns in cancer home hospice
Authors: Reblin Maija , Clayton Margaret F. , Xu Jiayun , Hulett Jennifer M. , Latimer Seth , Donaldson Gary W. , Ellington Lee 
Published: December 2016

AbstractObjectiveFew studies have examined the triadic communication between patients, spouse caregivers, and nurses in the home hospice setting. Thus, little is known about the types of communication patterns that unfold. The goals of the study were to, first, identify common patterns of communication in nurse‐patient‐caregiver home hospice visits and, second, to identify nurse, caregiver‐patient dyad, and visit characteristics that predict visit communication patterns.MethodNurses (N = 58) and hospice cancer patient and spouse caregiver dyads (N = 101; 202 individuals) were recruited from 10 hospice agencies. Nurses audio recorded visits to patient/caregiver homes from study enrollment until patient death. All patient, caregiver, and nurse utterances from the audio recordings were coded using an adapted Roter interaction analysis system. Using identified codes, cluster analysis was conducted to identify communication patterns within hospice visits. Logistic regression was used with demographic variables to predict visit communication patterns.ResultsSix visit communication patterns were identified and were defined largely by 2 dimensions: (1) either the patient, the caregiver, or the patient and caregiver dyad interacting with the nurse and (2) the relatively high or low expression of distress during the visit. Time until death significantly predicted several clusters.ConclusionThis study leads the way in outlining triadic communication patterns in cancer home hospice visits. Our findings have implications for nursing education, letting future nurses know what to expect, and lays the foundation for future research to determine effectiveness and interventions to improve health care communication.
When and why to treat the child who snores?
Authors: Tan Hui‐Leng , Alonso Alvarez Maria Luz , Tsaoussoglou Marina , Weber Silke , Kaditis Athanasios G. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryObstructive sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) can result in cardiovascular and neurocognitive morbidity as well as adversely affect behavior, growth, quality of life, and nocturnal continence. This article summarizes the latest evidence regarding the morbidity related to obstructive SDB, commenting on the impact of severity of obstruction, that is, the difference in effects seen of moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) compared to those of mild OSAS or primary snoring. The impact of therapy is discussed, focusing on which children are likely to benefit from treatment interventions; namely those with moderate or severe OSAS irrespective of the presence of morbidity, children with mild OSAS with associated morbidity or predictors of SDB persistence such as obesity, and children with complex conditions accompanied by upper airway obstruction like craniosynostosis and Prader–Willi syndrome. The co‐existing conditions which may improve when treatment for obstructive SDB is offered are reviewed, while the clinical parameters associated with spontaneous improvement or resolution of obstructive SDB are discussed. The intention being to enable clinicians to make informed decisions on who should be treated, when and why. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:399–412. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Preparing a workforce to effectively reuse data
Authors: Lucic Ana , Blake Catherine 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTFor centuries, library and information science professionals have been responsible for curating and preserving access to information resources. The last few decades have seen an unprecedented change in how new knowledge is created, disseminated and reused both within academe and industry, which provides new opportunities to intervene within the data lifecycle. This paper documents efforts to create a graduate educational program that produces alum who understand both the social and technical aspects of data analytics and who can effectively employ data to address questions in academe and industry. We share perspectives gained from initial interviews with project partners who have data needs, and report on how those needs directly informed curricula development of the Socio‐technical Data Analytics (SODA) program at the School of Information Sciences at the University of Illinois. We also provide a formative student evaluation of the program that was conducted to identify aspects that are successful, and those where further work is needed in order to help other schools who are developing similar programs that prepare a workforce who can effectively reuse data.
Historical bibliometric analysis: A case of the journal of the siam society, 1972–1976
Authors: Tejasen Chirabodee 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper presents results of a study that applies a historical bibliometric treatment on the Journal of the Siam Society in the period from 1972 to 1976, aiming to chart a life story of the Journal in such the timeframe. The research approach taken brings together quantitative and qualitative research methods to trace the historical development of a learned publication devoted to the academic studies of Thailand. The bibliometric methods examine the trend and change in the Journal's bibliographic characteristics which are viewed as the intellectual contours of the Journal. Then, these contours are contextualised and interpreted through historical research methods which primarily engage documentary evidence. The findings of the study show that both bibliometric and historical analyses complement each other, suggesting that the research design and methods are workable. Contributions of the study are outlined.
Structural investigation on WlaRG from Campylobacter jejuni: A sugar aminotransferase
Authors: Dow Garrett T. , Gilbert Michel , Thoden James B. , Holden Hazel M. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCampylobacter jejuni is a Gram‐negative bacterium that represents a leading cause of human gastroenteritis worldwide. Of particular concern is the link between C. jejuni infections and the subsequent development of Guillain‐Barré syndrome, an acquired autoimmune disorder leading to paralysis. All Gram‐negative bacteria contain complex glycoconjugates anchored to their outer membranes, but in most strains of C. jejuni, this lipoglycan lacks the O‐antigen repeating units. Recent mass spectrometry analyses indicate that the C. jejuni 81116 (Penner serotype HS:6) lipoglycan contains two dideoxyhexosamine residues, and enzymological assay data show that this bacterial strain can synthesize both dTDP‐3‐acetamido‐3,6‐dideoxy‐d‐glucose and dTDP‐3‐acetamido‐3,6‐dideoxy‐d‐galactose. The focus of this investigation is on WlaRG from C. jejuni, which plays a key role in the production of these unusual sugars by functioning as a pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate dependent aminotransferase. Here, we describe the first three‐dimensional structures of the enzyme in various complexes determined to resolutions of 1.7 Å or higher. Of particular significance are the external aldimine structures of WlaRG solved in the presence of either dTDP‐3‐amino‐3,6‐dideoxy‐d‐galactose or dTDP‐3‐amino‐3,6‐dideoxy‐d‐glucose. These models highlight the manner in which WlaRG can accommodate sugars with differing stereochemistries about their C‐4′ carbon positions. In addition, we present a corrected structure of WbpE, a related sugar aminotransferase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, solved to 1.3 Å resolution.