bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on histomorphological analysis of gestational trophoblastic disease
Authors: Neral Arvind , Varma Ruchi , Grihi Priyanka , Mangrulkar Kasturi , Pandey Varsha , Bhaskar Vanita 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) represents a diverse group of conditions characterized by abnormal trophoblastic proliferation within the placenta. GTD includes benign and malignant lesions, ranging from complete and partial hydatidiform moles to more severe forms like invasive moles, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumors (PSTTs), and epithelioid trophoblastic tumors. Given that neoplastic GTD lesions respond remarkably well to chemotherapy, early and accurate histopathological diagnosis is crucial as it directly influences treatment and prognosis.

Aim and Objectives:
This study examined the histomorphological features of various types of GTD alongside key clinical factors such as age, parity, and gestational period.

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted in the Department of Pathology over the course of10 years, from January 2014 to January 2024. All cases of GTD confirmed through histopathological examination of hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides were included in the analysis.

Results:
Out of 60 diagnosed cases of GTD, 34 (56.66%) were complete hydatidiform moles, 22 (36.67%) were partial hydatidiform moles, 1 (1.67%) was an invasive mole, 1 (1.67%) was choriocarcinoma, and 2 (3.33%) were PSTTs. The age of the affected patients ranged from 18 to 45 years, with the highest incidence observed in the 20–25 year age group (30 cases, 50%). Most cases (33, 55%) occurred during the first trimester, with a predominance among primigravida patients (28 cases, 46.66%). The most common clinical presentation was per vaginal bleeding, reported in 56 cases (93.33%).

Conclusion:
Although GTD can lead to serious complications, including metastasis, it is treatable. In this study, the complete hydatidiform mole was the most frequently encountered lesion and is associated with a higher risk of severe complications such as persistent GTD, invasive moles, and choriocarcinoma. Thus, early and accurate histopathological diagnosis is vital for the timely initiation of therapy, ultimately reducing the mortality rate. This study highlights the various categories and histomorphological features of GTD, emphasizing the importance of understanding its clinical presentation to mitigate disease burden and complications.
Clinical, Genetic, Biochemical, Hormonal, and Radiological Profile in Patients with Disorders of Sex Development Presenting at a Tertiary Care Center in Central India
Authors: Sinha Manisha B. , Sharma Charu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Disorders of sexual differentiation or differences in sex development (DSD) is a congenital anomaly with abnormal differentiation between internal gonads and external genitalia. We present the clinical, genetic, biochemical, hormonal, and radiological profile of DSD patients who presented at a tertiary care institute in Chhattisgarh during 2 years.

Methodology:
All patients with DSD and age <18 years who presented in the Outpatient Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery between January 2022 and December 2023 (2 years) in All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, were included in this study. Our aim was to study the clinical, genetic, biochemical, hormonal, and radiological profile of patients with DSD presenting at our institute to outline the management plan in these patients.

Results:
During the study period, there were seven patients with DSD; with age ranging from 1 year to 15 years. Four patients presented in adolescent age. There were two patients with XXDSD – diagnosed to have classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (21-hydroxylase deficiency). There was one patient with XYDSD – androgen insensitivity. Four patients had ovotesticular DSD – two had pure gonadal dysgenesis and two had mixed gonadal dysgenesis. Four patients needed gender reassignment.

Conclusion:
Patients with DSD require a systematic management at a tertiary care center. Assigning the sex of rearing should be done only after proper workup of patients and arriving at a diagnosis. Proper counseling of parents and individualized management as per the Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons guidelines is mandatory.
Potential of AKNA as a Predictive Biomarker for Ovarian Cancer and Its Relationship to Tumor Grading
Authors: Rustamadji P , Wiyarta E , Miftahuzzakiyah M , Sukmawati D , Suryandari DA , Kodariah R 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Ovarian cancer exhibits a significant prevalence and incidence on a global scale. Low-grade or high-grade epithelial-type ovarian cancer can be classified by using the dualistic model. Inflammation has been associated with AKNA protein by cancer researchers. The potential of AKNA as a cancer biomarker is supported by its significance and association with ovarian carcinoma. Uninvestigated is this enormous potential.

Aim:
This study examines the correlation between AKNA expression in low-grade and high-grade ovarian tumors and its utility as a predictive biomarker for ovarian cancer.

Methods:
This study examined a total of thirty-one samples, which were classified into three groups: cyst, low-grade, and high-grade ovarian carcinoma. The departmental archive was accessed for the following information: age, tumor size, nuclear grade, mitosis, ovary volume, implant tumor status, lymph vascular invasion status, lymph node metastasis, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte. The expression of AKNA was determined using IHC staining. The information was collected and analyzed via analysis of variance.

Results:
The AKNA H-score shows the mean difference between all three groups (P < 0.001). Cysts had the highest AKNA expression, followed by low-grade and high-grade ovarian carcinoma.

Conclusion:
Higher-grade ovarian cancer expressed less AKNA compared to cysts or low-grade forms of the disease. This considerable difference suggests that AKNA might predict ovarian cancer tumor grade.
Different Muscles, Lower Cutoff Values: Does it Truly Improve the Diagnostic Sensitivity of Repetitive Nerve Stimulation in Myasthenia Gravis?
Authors: Sayan Saadet , Darol Elif Sarıca , Tunç Abdulkadir 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) compared with single-fiber electromyography (SF-EMG) in generalized myasthenia gravis (MG).

Aims:
The aim of the study was to determine the diagnostic sensitivity of RNS in various muscles and assess the effect of varying decrement cutoff values on diagnostic efficacy.

Setting and Design:
This was a prospective study of 34 confirmed generalized MG patients.

Subjects and Methods:
RNS was performed on five muscles. Clinical features, autoantibody presence, and SF-EMG jitter rates recorded from the frontalis muscle were analyzed. Patients were classified according to the MG Foundation of America classification.

Statistical Analysis:
SPSS version 23 was used for descriptive statistics, comparisons of categorical and quantitative data, and correlation analysis, with the significance level set at P < 0.05.

Results:
Among the patients (58.8% males and mean age = 59.47 ± 13.37 years), SF-EMG detected increased jitter in 91.2%, whereas RNS identified a significant decrease of 50% across at least one muscle. The decremental response was >10% in the abductor digiti minimi (ADM), trapezius, nasalis, abductor pollicis brevis, and extensor indicis proprius muscles in 5.9%, 26.5%, 29.4%, 11.8%, and 29.4% of patients, respectively. A sensitivity improvement at lower decrement values was observed only in the ADM muscle. A significant correlation was found between decreases in the trapezius muscle and seropositivity.

Conclusions:
Optimal muscle selection improves RNS diagnostic accuracy in MGs. The study recommends incorporating the spinal accessory and radial nerves in RNS due to their high sensitivity, although modifying the decrement cutoff value has a limited overall effect.
Seizure Outcome and Predicting Factors in Adult Patients with Phenylketonuria: Single-center Experience
Authors: Yildiz Meryem Senem , Dericioglu Nese 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is one of the most common metabolic disorders worldwide. If left untreated, it causes neuropsychiatric sequelae, with seizures being a common occurrence. There is little information about the clinical features of epilepsy, electroencephalography (EEG) findings, and factors related to seizure outcomes in adult patients. We aimed to investigate these variables in adult PKU patients.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective search in our database using the keywords “PKU and epilepsy” for the period between 2008 and 2022. Demographic, clinical, EEG, and cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of the patients were extracted from the electronic health records. Scalp EEG and MRI findings were reassessed. Phenylalanine (Phe) levels of the cases were retrieved. The potential correlation between seizure outcome and laboratory findings was analyzed.

Results:
Ten patients (4 females; aged: 19–55 years) were included. Seizure onset was various. The most common seizure type was bilateral tonic-clonic. Nine patients were on antiseizure medications (ASMs); seven were seizure-free. EEG background activity was slow in four patients, with paroxysmal discharges in eight individuals. The most frequent MRI finding was periventricular white matter hyperintensity. No correlation existed between seizure outcome and clinical, EEG, MRI results, or Phe levels. Seizure freedom was more common in patients with good dietary compliance.

Conclusion:
Bilateral tonic–clonic seizures were the most common type of seizure, accompanied by frequent paroxysmal activity in EEG. MRI scans revealed periventricular white matter hyperintensity. Seizure freedom was commonly achieved with ASMs, irrespective of blood Phe levels. Nevertheless, dietary compliance may play a role in seizure control.
The Greatest Challenges of Pediatric Critical Care Pulmonology in the After-COVID Era: A Narrative Review
Authors: Oberender Felix 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The COVID pandemic has had a profound effect on pediatric intensive care and especially on pediatric critical care pulmonology. The indirect impacts caused by the most profound global healthcare challenge in a generation continue to define the current post-COVID era. This era is characterized by postpandemic surges in acute pediatric respiratory illness, disruption of seasonal disease patterns, and an apparent increase in disease severity with a rise in complicated pneumonia as well as associated severe sepsis and septic shock. The consequent demand is met by pediatric intensive care units that are recovering from the strain of the pandemic but also building on progress made during a time of great challenges.
Investigation of natural radioactivity and its associated radiological parameters in different tiles used in Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Mary Karolin , George Shanthi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Radiological parameters resulting from different tiles commonly used in homes and offices in Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu, India were assessed in this study by carrying out radioactivity measurement of natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K) in them using a NaI (Tl) gamma-ray spectrometer. The tiles’ respective mean activity concentrations were about 49.2 Bqkg−1 for 226Ra, 49.3 Bqkg−1 for 232Th, and 479 Bqkg−1 for 40K. Radiological parameters such as radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose, and gamma index were evaluated. The calculated mean absorbed dose rate is slightly higher than the world average values. The geometric mean of radium equivalent activity, annual effective dose, and gamma index are well within the recommended limit and hence do not pose any risk when used as building materials. The findings will be helpful for creating guidelines and standards for the proper utilization of these materials.
Optimizing radiation exposure in dynamic radioactive environments: Dynamic ACO-RRT* path planning algorithm
Authors: Hong Kwon Ryong , Kim Hyok , Kim Tae Song , Pak Jae Yon 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Radioactive environments are often dynamic for various reasons, such as the dismantling of nuclear facilities, leakage of radiation sources, and nuclear accidents. Path planning in a dynamic radioactive environment is one of the important issues in radiation protection for nuclear facility workers. In traditional dynamic optimal path planning, there are phenomena, in which the optimal path is not found within the allowable time or the quality of the path searched within the allowable time is low. To solve this problem, we propose a hybrid algorithm that combines meta-heuristic and sample-based algorithms, called dynamic ant colony optimization-rapidly exploring random tree star (ACO-RRT*). A low-level grid optimal path consisting of grid vertices is obtained by the ACO algorithm, and then it is further refined by the RRT* algorithm. At every instant of environmental change, the vertices of the grid optimal path are divided into vertices with and without samples, and new samples are generated only around vertices without samples. Sampling optimization is performed only around the grid optimal path using new samples and already existing samples. Simulations in a virtual radioactive environment showed that the proposed algorithm reduces computational costs and improves the quality of the optimal path compared to traditional algorithms.
A concise literature survey on the toxic effects of beryllium on aquatic organisms and plants – Notion behind establishing beryllium-based (waste) effluent’s discharge criteria and its adequacy
Authors: Kumar Munish , Chauhan Ankur , Srivastava Alok 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a concise review of the literature on the effects of beryllium (Be) on aquatic animals, as well as the effect of uptake of Be on the growth of some of the aquatic organisms and plants is compiled when studies are performed in water-based nutrient solutions containing Be. After referring to various important international reports published by different agencies such as the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Environmental Protection Agency, and World Health Organization (WHO), as well as other literature papers available on the topic over last (70–80) years, a compilation of different studies on the effect of toxicity of Be on aquatic animals, organisms, and some plants is reported. Furthermore, information on different limits/levels for the protection of marine and aquatic organisms, as recommended by various international agencies, is included. Based on the studies available in the literature, the reasons behind the establishment of discharge criteria for Be-based effluents are included in the paper. Information on the limits of Be in drinking water, as recommended by various international agencies, are also reported. It is hoped that the compiled information will provide comprehensive details about the effects of Be toxicity on plants, aquatic organisms, etc., and will be useful to researchers worldwide in understanding the toxicology of Be as well as in understanding the reasons behind the selection of 0.10 ppm as the discharge criteria for Be-based effluents adopted previously by countries such as USA, UK, and India. Based on the literature information, it has been argued that the discharge criteria of 0.10 ppm for Be-based waste effluents adopted almost 60 years earlier is still adequate and relevant as adverse effects of Be on aquatic animals, plants, etc., are reported to be at Be concentrations >0.10 ppm or so even for highly sensitive organisms. Be enters the environment mainly through industrial pollution; waste management of Be contaminants is a challenge. The present review also includes the recently reported information on the effective management of Be prevalent in liquid/aqueous media and various studies on behavior of Be in soils, techniques for sorption, and related chemical and physical processes associated.
Enhancement of eye socket recognition performance using inverse histogram fusion images and the Gabor transform
Authors: Shehu Harisu Abdullahi , Ince Ibrahim Furkan , Bulut Faruk 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe eye socket is a cavity in the skull that encloses the eyeball and its surrounding muscles. It has unique shapes in individuals. This study proposes a new recognition method that relies on the eye socket shape and region. This method involves the utilization of an inverse histogram fusion image to generate Gabor features from the identified eye socket regions. These Gabor features are subsequently transformed into Gabor images and employed for recognition by utilizing both traditional methods and deep‐learning models. Four distinct benchmark datasets (Flickr30, BioID, Masked AT & T, and CK+) were used to evaluate the method's performance. These datasets encompass a range of perspectives, including variations in eye shape, covering, and angles. Experimental results and comparative studies indicate that the proposed method achieved a significantly () higher accuracy (average value greater than 92.18%) than that of the relevant identity recognition method and state‐of‐the‐art deep networks (average value less than 78%). We conclude that this improved generalization has significant implications for advancing the methodologies employed for identity recognition.
Formation of professionally oriented lexical competence among students of non-linguistic universities in the training program «Technosphere Safety»: a case study of the English language course
Authors: Bazalina E. N. 
Published: September 2024

Modern methods of teaching foreign languages in non-linguistic universities are determined by the need to effectively combine language and professional training that meets the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education (FSES HE). The key goal of this system is to develop students’ skills in understanding professionally-oriented information and developing the competence to communicate in a foreign language in professional situations.The article discusses issues related to the formation of professionally oriented lexical competence among students of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Maikop State Technological University» in the training program «Technosphere Safety». The study emphasizes the relevance of the topic, since when studying a professional foreign language it is impossible to develop lexical competence without the ability to work with thesaurus in one’s professional ﬁeld.The goal of the research is to clarify the methods of developing professionally-oriented lexical competence among students of non-linguistic universities in the training program 20.03.01 «Technosphere Safety» in the process of reading texts in the specialty in English. The extent to which it is necessary to select lexical material and compile an individual thesaurus with a professional focus is assessed, which allows students to better understand professional texts, expand their vocabulary and accurately use professional terminology.Professionally oriented texts were the research material; linguistic and lexical units were analyzed, the skill of developing lexical competence among students was practiced.The research is based on complex research methods, consisting of theoretical methods (deductive analysis, method of statistical work with lexical material, comparative analysis) and empirical methods (observation method and data analysis).As a result of the research, a strategy for working on vocabulary when reading professionally oriented texts has been proposed, and the most effective exercises for developing lexical competence among students in the training program «Technosphere Safety» have been identiﬁed.Key conclusions: the formation of professionally oriented lexical competence among students of non-linguistic universities when working with foreign language texts on the topic «Technosphere Security» helps to analyze the information received and to form lexical competence and the skill of using an individual terminological thesaurus in the professional ﬁeld, expanding the vocabulary in the specialty.
Evaluación de la usabilidad de los pacientes atendidos por teleconsultas de gastroenterología post pandemia en una clínica universitaria
Authors: Castro Lorena , Quera Rodrigo , Núñez Paulina , Von Mühlenbrock Christian , San Martín Pamela , Donoso Felipe , Herrera Karin 
Published: September 2024

La telemedicina ha crecido durante la pandemia de COVID 19. Gastroenterología de Clínica Universidad de los Andes la ha mantenido postpandemia. La usabilidad es la medida en que usuarios evalúan la efectividad, eficiencia y satisfacción en telemedicina. Se desconoce la usabilidad de este tipo de consultas en Chile. Objetivo: Evaluar el nivel de usabilidad de los pacientes atendidos en telemedicina de Gastroenterología en Clínica Universidad de los Andes (marzo-agosto 2023). Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal sobre el nivel de usabilidad a través del cuestionario Telehealth Usability Questionnaire adaptado y modificado. Consta de 12 ítems (puntaje de 12-84). Consta de 2 factores: efectividad y factibilidad de uso. También se evaluaron características sociodemográficas. Resultados: Se analizaron 150 cuestionarios. Se observó un alto nivel de usabilidad (mediana: 81; rango 54-84); de efectividad (mediana: 28, rango 20-28) y de factibilidad de uso (mediana: 53, rango 30-56), sin diferencias significativas según sexo, edad, nivel educacional, ubicación geográfica y previsión de salud. De los encuestados, 76,7% tenia de 30-64 años. 36% residía en región metropolitana, 61% eran mujeres y 80% del sistema de salud privado. 29% consultó por dolor abdominal, 20% por enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal y 17% por alteración de pruebas hepáticas. 53,3% era su primera atención y 46,7% estaba en seguimiento por esta vía. Conclusión: En esta cohorte, la telemedicina es percibida como una herramienta efectiva y de fácil uso, con un alto nivel de usabilidad independiente de las características sociodemográficas de los pacientes. Por tanto, en gastroenterología, la telemedicina se perfila como una forma de atención en salud aceptada por los pacientes.
Razões da evasão no ensino superior: um estudo a partir da perspectiva de estudantes e docentes de um curso de Administração
Authors: Zanzarini Maria Carolina , Marangoni Amarante Juliana 
Published: September 2024

As estatísticas demonstram que a evasão no ensino superior tem aumentado a cada ano e esse é um fenômeno que afeta diversos cursos e universidades. O objetivo da presente pesquisa é compreender a evasão de estudantes de um curso de graduação em Administração em uma universidade a partir de percepções discentes e docentes. Para que fosse possível chegar a esse resultado, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, com coleta de dados através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com doze participantes, sendo eles, alunos evadidos e professores do referido curso, sobre as quais foi realizada análise de conteúdo para entender os motivos da evasão. Como principais resultados, tem-se que o não atendimento de expectativas dos alunos foi a principal motivação que os fez sair do curso, somado a outros fatores. É importante ressaltar, contudo, que a maioria dos evadidos saiu antes da metade do curso e, por essa razão, tiveram mais experiências com disciplinas de caráter formativo mais generalista e não necessariamente na área de administração. Os docentes apontam opiniões diferentes dos discentes em relação ao que induz o aluno a evadir do ensino superior, o que revela a necessidade de uma melhor compreensão acerca desses motivos, para contribuir com a permanência dos alunos no curso.