bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the water weakening coefficient of sandstones by using non-destructive physical parameters
Authors: Xu Jianbo , Huang Shibing , Yu Shilin , Zhu Songyang , Song Jianjun 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe presence of water significantly reduces the mechanical strength of rocks and induces various engineering geological hazards. The water weakening coefficient Kp is used to quantify this effect, defined as the ratio of wet uniaxial compressive strength to the dry value.MethodsA comprehensive physico-mechanical test was conducted on fifteen sandstones under dry and saturated conditions to predict the water weakening coefficient using easily obtainable physical parameters. Multiple linear regression was employed to establish the relationship between these parameters and the saturated water weakening coefficient.ResultsThe saturated water weakening coefficient decreases with increasing porosity and increases with higher Primary wave velocity (P-wave velocity). Rocks with higher porosity but lower P-wave velocity typically absorb more water. The P-wave velocity and clay mineral content were identified as the best predictors of the saturated water weakening coefficient (R2 = 0.82). Unsaturated water weakening coefficients at any water saturation level were well estimated using a previous exponential function.DiscussionThe roles of different clay minerals and P-wave velocity in the water weakening process of rocks are comprehensively discussed. This study enhances the understanding of the water weakening mechanism and provides an improved evaluation model for the water weakening coefficient of sandstones using physical parameters.
Development of a prognostic model related to homologous recombination deficiency in glioma based on multiple machine learning
Authors: Gong Zhenyu , Zhou Dairan , Shen Haotian , Ma Chao , Wu Dejun , Hou Lijun , Wang Hongxiang , Xu Tao 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundDespite advances in neuro-oncology, treatments of glioma and tools for predicting the outcome of patients remain limited. The objective of this research is to construct a prognostic model for glioma using the Homologous Recombination Deficiency (HRD) score and validate its predictive capability for glioma.MethodsWe consolidated glioma datasets from TCGA, various cancer types for pan-cancer HRD analysis, and two additional glioma RNAseq datasets from GEO and CGGA databases. HRD scores, mutation data, and other genomic indices were calculated. Using machine learning algorithms, we identified signature genes and constructed an HRD-related prognostic risk model. The model’s performance was validated across multiple cohorts. We also assessed immune infiltration and conducted molecular docking to identify potential therapeutic agents.ResultsOur analysis established a correlation between higher HRD scores and genomic instability in gliomas. The model, based on machine learning algorithms, identified seven key genes, significantly predicting patient prognosis. Moreover, the HRD score prognostic model surpassed other models in terms of prediction efficacy across different cancers. Differential immune cell infiltration patterns were observed between HRD risk groups, with potential implications for immunotherapy. Molecular docking highlighted several compounds, notably Panobinostat, as promising for high-risk patients.ConclusionsThe prognostic model based on the HRD score threshold and associated genes in glioma offers new insights into the genomic and immunological landscapes, potentially guiding therapeutic strategies. The differential immune profiles associated with HRD-risk groups could inform immunotherapeutic interventions, with our findings paving the way for personalized medicine in glioma treatment.
Curve-centered plaques raise the risk of peri-operative neurological and cardiovascular complications during angioplasty and stenting for severe carotid stenosis
Authors: Kang Chul-Hoo , Rhim Jong-Kook , Kim Hong Jun , Choi Jay Chol , Kim Joong-Goo 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionCarotid artery stenting is an alternative interventional treatment to carotid endarterectomy. However, preprocedural considerations and anatomical risk factor analyses for carotid artery stenting are currently insufficient. Therefore, we investigated the high-risk anatomical appearance of carotid artery stenting from the neurointerventionist perspective to predict periprocedural complications.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients with carotid stenosis who underwent carotid artery stenting at a comprehensive stroke center between January 2012 and December 2021. We compared the demographic characteristics, medical history, and anatomical appearance of the stenotic segment in patients with and without complications.ResultsWe analyzed a total of 148 patients (64 women [43.2%]; median age, 73.0 [interquartile range, 65.5–79.0]). Complications occurred in 39 of the 148 patients, primarily minor and transient. Of baseline or procedural characteristics, a high initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (p = 0.04), symptomatic stenosis (p = 0.01), and curve-centered plaque of the proximal ICA (p = 0.01) were significantly associated with carotid artery stenting complications in unadjusted analysis. Curve-centered plaque remained an independent risk factor for carotid artery stenting complications after adjustment (odds ratio 2.23[1.02–4.88], p = 0.04).ConclusionHigh-risk vascular anatomical features, such as curve-centered plaque, are associated with a high frequency of periprocedural complications of carotid artery stenting. Tailored patient selection for carotid stenosis is crucial to prevent complications. Patients with curve-centered plaque should consider alternative treatment options such as carotid endarterectomy to achieve optimal clinical results.
Associations of composite dietary antioxidant index with suicidal ideation incidence and mortality among the U.S. population
Authors: Huang Shaoqun , Zhao Weimin , Choi Seok , Gong Hongyang 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe relationship between CDAI and suicidal ideation is unclear. This study investigates the relationship between CDAI and suicidal ideation and examines the association between CDAI and all-cause mortality (ACM) or cardiovascular disease mortality (CVM) among participants with and without suicidal ideation.MethodsData from seven NHANES cycles (2005–2018) were analyzed using cross-sectional and prospective cohort studies. Weighted multivariable logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline (RCS) plots, and subgroup analyses explored the association between CDAI and suicidal ideation. Kaplan–Meier (KM) curves, weighted multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, and RCS assessed the relationship between CDAI and CVM or ACM.ResultsAmong 30,976 participants aged over 20, 1,154 (3.72%) had suicidal ideation. Higher CDAI levels (Quartile 4) were associated with a 28% reduction in suicidal ideation compared to lower levels (Quartile 1). Over an average follow-up of 89 months, 3,267 participants (7.6%) died, including 808 (1.8%) from cardiovascular causes. Higher CDAI levels were linked to a 30, 68, and 28% reduction in ACM in the total population, those with suicidal ideation, and those without, respectively. CVM was reduced by 40% in the total population and by 41% in those without suicidal ideation.ConclusionCDAI is negatively associated with suicidal ideation and correlated with reduced ACM and CVM among participants with and without suicidal ideation.
Case report: Synchronous prostate cancer and renal cell carcinoma with prostate cancer-origin metastases to adrenal and renal hilar lymph nodes
Authors: Zhang Yaowen , Chen Junru , Xu Lijing , Hu Xu , Zeng Hao , Liu Zhenhua 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundSynchronous occurrence of prostate cancer (PCa) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is uncommon. RCC has a higher tendency to metastasize to the adrenal glands, renal hilar, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes compared to PCa. To date, there are no documented cases existing where metastatic tumors in these regions, observed in patients concurrently with PCa and RCC, have originated from the PCa rather than the RCC.Case presentationIn this case report, we described a 67-year-old male presented with dysuria for two months and left lower extremity edema for three days. Percutaneous biopsies revealed synchronous primary RCC and PCa. However, the origin of the metastatic tumors, especially those involving the adrenal glands, renal hilum, and retroperitoneal regions, remained undetermined. Subsequent surgical procedures identified that the metastatic lesions originated from the PCa, while the RCC was localized. Ultimately, the patient with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) received combination therapy with rezvilutamide and goserelin, which resulted in a satisfactory treatment response.ConclusionIn patients with concurrent PCa and RCC, metastatic lesions in the adrenal glands, renal hilar, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes may also originate from the PCa. Accurate identification of the primary tumor and proper staging are critical for the appropriate management of patients with multiple primary malignancies with concurrent metastases.
Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of radiomics parameter maps and standard reconstruction for the detection of liver lesions in computed tomography
Authors: Hertel Alexander , Kuru Mustafa , Tollens Fabian , Tharmaseelan Hishan , Nörenberg Dominik , Rathmann Nils , Schoenberg Stefan O. , Froelich Matthias F. 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe liver is a frequent location of metastatic disease in various malignant tumor entities. Computed tomography (CT) is the most frequently employed modality for initial diagnosis. However, liver metastases may only be delineated vaguely on CT. Calculating radiomics features in feature maps can unravel textures not visible to the human eye on a standard CT reconstruction (SCTR). This study aimed to investigate the comparative diagnostic accuracy of radiomics feature maps and SCTR for liver metastases.Materials and methodsForty-seven patients with hepatic metastatic colorectal cancer were retrospectively enrolled. Whole-liver maps of original radiomics features were generated. A representative feature was selected for each feature class based on the visualization of example lesions from five patients. These maps and the conventional CT image data were viewed and evaluated by four readers in terms of liver parenchyma, number of lesions, visual contrast of lesions and diagnostic confidence. T-tests and chi²-tests were performed with a significance cut off of p&lt;0.05 to compare the feature maps with SCRT, and the data were visualized as boxplots.ResultsRegarding the number of lesions detected, SCTR showed superior performance compared to radiomics maps. However, the feature map for firstorder RootMeanSquared was ranked superior in terms of very high visual contrast in 57.4% of cases, compared to 41.0% in standard reconstructions (p &lt; 0.001). All other radiomics maps ranked significantly lower in visual contrast when compared to SCTR. For diagnostic confidence, firstorder RootMeanSquared reached very high ratings in 47.9% of cases, compared to 62.8% for SCTR (p &lt; 0.001). The conventional CT images showed superior results in all categories for the other features investigated.ConclusionThe application of firstorder RootMeanSquared feature maps may help visualize faintly demarcated liver lesions by increasing visual contrast. However, reading of SCTR remains necessary for diagnostic confidence.
Diacerein reduces inflammasome activation and SARS-CoV-2 virus replication: a proof-of-concept translational study
Authors: Carmo Helison R. P. , Castillo Alejandro Rossel , Bonilha Isabella , Gomes Erica I. L. , Barreto Joaquim , Moura Filipe A. , Davanzo Gustavo Gastão , de Brito Monteiro Lauar , Muraro Stéfanie Primon , Fabiano de Souza Gabriela , Morari Joseane , Galdino Flávia Elisa , Brunetti Natália S. , Reis-de-Oliveira Guilherme , Carregari Victor Corasolla , Nadruz Wilson , Martins-de-Souza Daniel , Farias Alessandro S. , Velloso Licio A. , Proenca-Modena José Luiz , Mori Marcelo A. , Loh Watson , Bhatt Deepak L. , Yellon Derek M. , Davidson Sean M. , De Oliveira Pedro G. , Moraes-Vieira Pedro M. , Sposito Andrei C. 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is linked to high mortality, primarily through an intense inflammatory response. Diacerein has emerged as a potential therapy for COVID-19 due to its potential impact in decreasing the inflammasome activation and coronavirus replication. This study aims to explore diacerein’s influence in inhibiting both viral replication and the inflammatory response after SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsHuman peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from healthy volunteers and infected in vitro with SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, we carried out a pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study with 14 participants allocated to diacerein (n = 7) or placebo (n = 7) therapies every 12 h for 10 days. The primary endpoint was change in plasma markers of inflammasome activation (NLRP3, caspase-1, and gasdermin-D).ResultsIn vitro protocols have shown that rhein, diacerein’s primary metabolite, decreased IL-1β secretion caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in human PBMCs (p &lt; 0.05), and suppressed viral replication when administered either before or after the virus incubation (p &lt; 0.05). This later effect was, at least partially, attributed to its inhibitory effect on 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro) and papain-like protease in the SARS-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2 PLpro) virus and in the phosphorylation of proteins related cytoskeleton network (p &lt; 0.05). Diacerein-treated COVID-19 patients presented a smaller area under the curve for NLRP3, caspase-1 and GSDM-D measured on days 2, 5, and 10 after hospitalization compared to those receiving a placebo (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe indicated mechanisms of action of diacerein/rhein can reduce viral replication and mitigate the inflammatory response related to SARS-CoV-2. These findings are preliminary and require confirmation in clinical trials.
Subjective experiences of an acceptance and mindfulness-based group intervention (Feel-Good-Group) in young people with early psychosis
Authors: von Hardenberg Laura , Leopold Karolina , Pfennig Andrea , Kuhn Céline , Kallenbach Michèle , Aliakbari Navid , Mehl Stephanie , Bechdolf Andreas 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundMindfulness-based interventions are promising psychological treatment approaches that may have more substantial long-lasting intervention effects than cognitive behavioral therapy when treating individuals with early psychosis. A pilot study analyzed mindfulness-based inpatient group therapy’s feasibility and potential efficacy (Feel-Good).ObjectiveThis paper explores the subjective experiences of participants in the Feel-Good inpatient therapy group to gain insight into the possible changes brought about by the mindfulness-based intervention.MethodsA semi-structured change interview was used to examine the experience of ten participants who participated in the Feel-Good intervention and the additional qualitative assessment. The interviews were conducted 16 weeks after the Feel-Good group ended (16-week Follow-Up). Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsThe analysis generated five themes—one about personal changes brought about by the Feel-Good group, three about the group therapy experience, and one about wishes/modification suggestions to change and improve the Feel-Good group. The findings suggested that the Feel-Good group was perceived as very helpful, leading to numerous changes in one’s overall well-being and relation to emotions. However, patients recommended a more directive therapeutic style and reduced time required for study assessments.ConclusionGathering qualitative insight from participants on the Feel-Good intervention revealed meaningful insight into patients’ experience of change processes. In addition, participant suggestions help to improve the intervention and study design to increase therapy attendance rates and treatment satisfaction, potentially increasing treatment effectiveness in the future.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04592042.
Exploring the practice and attitudes of psychiatrists and psychologists towards patient-targeted googling in China
Authors: Feng Yunzi , Hu Xinyue , Qiao Yi , Shao Yang 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundPatient-targeted Googling (PTG) is an unavoidable aspect of the internet era, offering both opportunities and risks. However, no PTG studies have been conducted in Asian contexts to date. Additionally, existing research has provided limited exploration of factors influencing PTG practices, particularly regarding the professional differences between psychiatrists and psychologists. This study seeks to address these research gaps.MethodA total of 943 licensed psychiatrists and psychologists working in China completed an online survey. The survey included their attitudes towards PTG (including general attitude, application situations, reasons for/against PTG) and their actual practice of PTG.Results250(26.5%) respondents reported using PTG. Among them, 151(60.4%) respondents sought consent from clients before use, and 142(56.8%) respondents discussed search results with clients after use. Chinese psychiatrists and psychologists have contradictory attitudes, with concerns but also recognition of its possible positive effects, and expressing a need for more guidance. Compared to psychiatrists or those working in public institutions, psychologists and those working in private institutions report greater concerns about PTG but engage in it more frequently.ConclusionsAlthough the sample is limited, the study reveals notable differences in attitudes and practice of PTG among Chinese psychiatrists and psychologists, which may be related to their distinct professional roles and workplace environments. These findings suggest the need for further research to better understand the underlying factors contributing to these differences. Moreover, the results highlight the importance of developing tailored ethical guidelines and targeted training programs to address PTG practices for psychiatrists and psychologists in China.
Association between hallucinations and sensory processing difficulties in children and adolescents
Authors: Nishiura Sayaka , Miyawaki Dai , Hirai Kaoru , Sukigara Ayaka , Kakishita Yui , Inoue Koki 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionHallucinations are serious symptoms that can lead to high levels of distress, functional impairment, and increased risk of suicide in both adults and children. However, their etiology and treatment remain unclear. Hallucinations and sensory processing difficulties (SPDs) are associated with various psychiatric disorders, including mood, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between hallucinations and SPDs in a pediatric population.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study with 335 children aged 6–18 years who visited the child psychiatry outpatient clinic at Osaka Metropolitan University Hospital between April 2020 and March 2023 and continued treatment for at least three months. After excluding those with intellectual disabilities or uncontrolled epilepsy, 304 participants were included in the analyses. The presence of hallucinations was assessed through interviews with the children and their parents. SPDs were evaluated using the Short Sensory Profile. Binomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between hallucinations and SPDs, adjusting for age, sex, autism spectrum disorder, socioeconomic difficulties (low-income, single-parent households), and the presence of mood and anxiety disorders.ResultsHallucinations were present in 64 children (21%). Logistic regression analysis showed a significant positive association between SPDs and hallucinations, even after adjusting for age, sex, autism spectrum disorder, socioeconomic difficulties, and the presence of mood and anxiety disorders (odds ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.008–1.036; p = 0.002).ConclusionThe results of this study suggest a potential association between hallucinations and SPDs in pediatric patients. Further prospective studies are needed to explore the causal relationship between these factors and determine whether interventions for SPDs can alleviate hallucinations in children.
Is e-cigarette advertising associated with e-cigarette use among young people? New survey evidence from Poland
Authors: Świątkowska Beata , Zajdel Radosław , Balwicki Łukasz , Kaleta Dorota 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveYoung people are routinely exposed to e-cigarettes advertising. We examined the impact of e-cigarette advertising on e-cigarette use in a large representative sample of adolescents.MethodsData came from cross-sectional sample of the nationwide study on the health effects of tobacco products called PolNicoYouth, which included adolescents aged 15–18 years (N = 7,498). Data were collected through a detailed questionnaire recommended by international health organizations for monitoring tobacco use by adolescents. Simple and multiple logistic regression analyzes were conducted, adjusting for sex, age, type of school, place of residence, smoking of traditional cigarettes and parental smoking. Frequencies and proportions for descriptive statistics, and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for logistic regression models were reported.ResultsApproximately, 56% of interviewees had noticed some form of e-cigarettes advertising. Exposure to e-cigarette advertising was significantly associated with ever use of e-cigarettes (OR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.09–1.53). Exposure to e-cigarette advertising via club/pub/disco was significantly associated with current e-cigarette use (OR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.06–2.36). Adolescents who have ever used e-cigarettes were more likely than never users to report exposure to advertisements on club/pub/disco (OR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.08–2.30) and internet (OR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.01–1.47).ConclusionDespite the applicable advertising restrictions, the majority of young people declared contact with e-cigarette advertising, which shows the urgent need for more global action. The internet and advertisements in clubs, pubs and discos seem to be the key places of exposure. These forms of exposure need to be urgently addressed given their clear link to e-cigarette use.