bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitatively Monitoring of Seasonal Frozen Ground Freeze–Thaw Cycle Using Ambient Seismic Noise Data
Authors: Liu Hui , Li Jing , Hu Rong , Meng Haoran , Lyu Hang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Seasonal frozen ground freeze–thaw cycles in cold regions are essential indicators of climate change, infrastructure, and ecosystems in the near-surface critical zone (CZ). As a noninvasive geophysical method, the ambient noise seismic method estimates the relative velocity variations (dv/v) based on coda waves or ballistic waves, providing new insights into the seasonal frozen ground changes in the soil properties and hydrology data, such as soil moisture content (SMC), temperature, and groundwater level. However, obtaining stable dv/v with high temporal and spatial resolution is challenging. In this work, we combine the 1D linear three-component seismic array and hydrological sensor to conduct seasonal frozen ground freeze–thaw monitoring experiments. Besides the conventional dv/v information, we calculate surface-wave dispersion curve variations (dc/c), which are more sensitive to SMC and can characterize the daily air temperature variations. Meanwhile, the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) amplitude and seismic signal peak frequency also show highly consistent changes to the freeze–thaw processes. All the results demonstrate that the different ambient noise seismic information (dc/c, HVSR, and peak frequency) provide robust observations for hydrogeological monitoring, such as air temperature, SMC, and groundwater level changes during seasonal freeze–thaw processes.
Gingival hypertrophy seen in perspective of typology and treatment trends, at patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances
Authors: Robo Ilma , Kelmendi Manola , Heta Saimir 
Published: September 2024

Gingival hypertrophy, the primary etiological factor, is the presence of bacterial plaque in the gingival sulcus, but if a fixed orthodontic appliance is placed in the affected teeth, the difficulty in achieving oral hygiene for these teeth increases, and it can even lead to "neglect" on the part of the patient. The clinical situation increases even more the possibility of gingival hypertrophy appearing. The combination of the keywords gingival hypertophy, fixed orthodontic appliance, treatment, vertical index, horizontal index and bacterial plaque in Pubmed, applying them in combination between them, brought out about 31 articles for further analysis. From the selected articles, a total of 31 articles, after reading the abstracts of the full content of the article, 7 of them were outside the topic or scope of our study. 23 articles were used for further data processing.The tendency to find the incidence or prevalence of gingival hypertrophies in cases with orthodontic appliances is almost equal in the values of 29% and 24%. The lowest ratio is in the cases of case-report studies, which reaches the level of 5%. The reduction of gingival hypertrophy is indicated by the application of 40% chlorhexidine in gel form on the vestibular surface of already affected teeth, in the area of the maxillary molars on the vestibular surface. Most of the articles try to find the cause of gingival hypertrophy to clinically compare patients without orthodontic appliances versus patients with orthodontic appliances, selecting patient samples with similarities in individual data conditions such as age for example. But seeing this trend, adolescent patients are selected more often, knowing also the close relationship that hormonal changes have with the appearance of gingival hypertrophies. This element can also lead to incorrect facts and figures. The patient's periodontal status and his age are two other factors that attract the attention of studies at almost the same level of interest, leaving other factors such as the duration of orthodontic treatment and the socio-economic status of the patient at a lower level. Oral hygiene has an impact on the appearance of gingival hypertrophy in teeth with orthodontic appliances, this is expressed more in the area of the mandibular incisors than in the mandibular molars.
Demographics, Indications, and Revision Rates for Radial Head Arthroplasty
Authors: Kumar Narinder , Gabbe Belinda J. , Page Richard S. , Soh Sze-Ee , Gill David R.J. , Harries Dylan , Ackerman Ilana N. 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Population-level data from national arthroplasty registries enable the use and outcomes of arthroplasty procedures to be monitored over time. This study aimed to describe the demographics, indications, and outcomes (up to 15 years) for radial head arthroplasty (RHA) procedures in Australia, as well as the factors associated with an increased likelihood of revision.

Methods:
Individual-level deidentified data on demographics and surgery characteristics, including revision surgery, were obtained from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry for all primary isolated RHA procedures that had been performed from 2007 to 2021. The probability of prosthesis survival was determined using Kaplan-Meier estimates. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for revision.

Results:
A total of 3,457 primary RHAs were performed during the study period (mean follow-up, 5.6 years; range, 0 to 15 years). The mean age at the time of RHA was 53 years, with female predominance (n = 2,009, 58%). The most common indication for RHA was fracture or dislocation (n = 3,166, 92%), followed by osteoarthritis (n = 232, 7%). The radial head prostheses that were most commonly used were monopolar (n = 3,378, 98%) with a modular design (n = 3,442, 99.6%) and cementless fixation (n = 3,387, 98%). Both metallic and nonmetallic prostheses were used (52% and 48%, respectively). Of the total cohort, 160 revisions (5%) were performed during the 15-year period; most revisions occurred in the first 5 years. The most common revision indication was prosthesis loosening (n = 62, 39%), and 54% of the revisions (n = 87) involved a change of the radial component. In multivariable analysis, primary procedures for osteoarthritis (HR, 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 2.70) or “other” indications (e.g., inflammatory arthritis, osteonecrosis, or tumor) were revised more frequently (HR, 3.68; 95% CI, 1.14 to 11.91) than procedures for fracture or dislocation. Procedures with nonmetallic prostheses had higher rates of revision (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.17 to 2.22) than those with metallic prostheses.

Conclusions:
Trauma remained the most prevalent indication for RHA in Australia from 2007 to 2021. Encouragingly, revision rates were low, most notably for RHA that had been performed for fracture or dislocation. The likelihood of revision was highest for RHA procedures performed for osteoarthritis and for an indication other than osteoarthritis or trauma. Nonmetallic prostheses had a higher rate of revision than metallic prostheses.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Patients’ Preferences for Bone-Anchored Prostheses After Lower-Extremity Amputation
Authors: Saleib Gabriel-Kyrillos M. , Jonker Marcel F. , Van Vledder Mark G. , Verhofstad Michael H.J. , Paping Maria A. , Leijendekkers Ruud A. , Van Waes Oscar J.F. 
Published: September 2024

Background:
The rising popularity and use of a bone-anchored prosthesis (BAP) involving an osseointegrated implant for patients with lower-limb amputations experiencing socket-related issues have led to increased interest in the measurement of clinical and functional outcomes. However, the value of BAP treatment characteristics from the patient perspective has not yet been investigated. This study aimed to determine the relative importance of specific BAP characteristics, and the effect of complications in quality-of-life (QoL) points and monetary utility decrement (loss [€]), using a 2-center discrete choice experiment (DCE) conducted in The Netherlands.

Methods:
A DCE was developed that included the most salient characteristics of BAP treatment based on a review of the literature and qualitative and quantitative methods. The following characteristics were selected: QoL change, short- and long-term complications, osseointegrated implant survival, and out-of-pocket contributions (costs). Patients aged 18 to 99 years who were eligible for, or had already received, an osseointegrated implant were invited to participate, after informed consent, to elicit BAP treatment preferences. A Bayesian mixed logit model was used.

Results:
Two hundred and forty-seven completed surveys were collected; 64% of the patients were male, 73% had undergone a transfemoral amputation, and 33% had >36 months of experience with a BAP. Patients considered long-term complications and QoL the most important characteristics. Long-term complications were 3.4 times more important than short-term complications. Opting out was undesirable, and patients valued better and beneficial levels (associated with better outcomes) of BAP characteristics positively. Implant removal was the level with the greatest loss among all complications, at 1.15 (95% credible interval [CI], 0.96 to 1.38) QoL points and €16,940 (95% CI, €14,780 to €19,040) loss.

Conclusions:
To our knowledge, this is the first study to use a DCE to elicit patients’ preferences regarding BAP treatment, outcomes, and related complications; we found that patients strongly care about long-term complications. The results suggest that osseointegrated implant teams and policy-makers should consider these areas when proposing treatment protocols. Furthermore, policy and clinical guidelines for BAP treatment could be enhanced by our results with respect to patients’ perspectives, management of patients’ expectations, and associated losses in QoL points and monetary loss secondary to complications.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Extensile Anterior Approach for Total Hip Arthroplasty in a Patient with Crowe IV Hip Dysplasia and Klippel-Trénaunay Syndrome
Authors: Muffly Brian T. , Tocio Adam J. , Singh Keerat 
Published: September 2024

Case:
We report a 17-year-old boy with Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome (KTS) who underwent total hip arthroplasty with subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy through an extensile direct anterior approach (DAA) in the setting of Crowe IV hip dysplasia. The patient was transitioned from toe-touch weight-bearing to a progressive weight-bearing protocol at 6 weeks postoperatively and was ambulating painlessly at 3 months.

Conclusion:
Patients with KTS undergoing orthopaedic surgical intervention necessitate a multidisciplinary approach to care. This case demonstrates that THA in Crowe IV hip dysplasia with an associated subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy can be safely and successfully performed through an extensile DAA in this population.
Painful Entrapment of the Lateral Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve After Distal Biceps Repair
Authors: Ford Brian T. , Caputo Andrew E. 
Published: September 2024

Case:
A 46-year-old man presented with continued pain after distal biceps repair. On revision surgery, he was found to have entrapment of the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LABCN). After nerve transection, relocation to its native course, and subsequent repair, the patient experienced complete resolution of his preoperative symptomatology.

Conclusion:
To the author's knowledge, the current study is the first to describe symptomatic entrapment of the LABCN after distal biceps repair with a satisfying outcome after nerve transection, relocation, and repair.
Perylene singlet exciton fission in water solution
Authors: Llansola-Portoles Manuel , Magne Chloe , Streckaite Simona , Domínguez-Ojeda Eduardo , Echeverri Andrea , Brigiano Flavio Siro , Ha-Thi Minh-Huong , Franckevicius Marius , Jasinskas Vidmantas , Quaranta Annamaria , Pascal Andrew , Pino THOMAS , Robert Bruno , Contreras-García Julia , Finkelstein-Shapiro Daniel , Gulbinas Vidmantas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

We provide the first direct evidence of singlet fission occurring with water-soluble compounds. We show that perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylate forms dynamic dimers in aqueous solution, with lifetimes long enough to allow intermolecular processes such as singlet fission. As these are transient dimers rather than stable aggregates, they retain a significant degree of disorder. We performed a comprehensive analysis of such dynamic assemblies using time-resolved absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and theoretical modelling, allowing us to observe the characteristic signatures of singlet fission and develop a model to characterize the different species observed. Our findings reveal that structure fluctuations within perylene associations are key in favoring either singlet fission or charge separation. The efficiency of triplet formation is higher than 100%, and the disordered system leads to triplets living in the nanosecond time range.
The spermathecae of the predator mosquito Lutzia bigoti
Authors: Rocha Vinícius Cordeiro , Martins Gustavo Ferreira 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The insect spermatheca stores sperm in the female's body after copulation. Despite its relevance for reproduction, the organ has been investigated in just a few species of mosquitoes. In this work, the morphology of the spermathecae of the mosquito Lutzia bigoti, a species with predatory larvae with potential use in the biological control of immature mosquitoes that are vectors of pathogens, was analyzed. In this species, the three spermathecae have round-shaped reservoirs (one large and two small), delimited by a multilayered cuticle and a thin epithelium. The reservoir is connected to the proximal portion of the female's reproductive tract by a long and narrow duct, which has an epithelium formed by tall cells and muscle fibers attached. Glandular cells associate with the reservoir wall, collectively forming a spermathecal gland located near the point of attachment of the duct with the reservoir. Additionally, glandular cells are individually attached to the duct. Glandular cells are associated with secretory cavities filled with an electron-lucent material, likely released towards the spermathecal lumen for sperm nourishment and maintenance. In Lt. bigoti, the spermathecae are similar to those of other Culicinae mosquitoes, suggesting a high degree of conservation throughout the evolution of this taxon.
ReLeC-based Clustering and Multi-Objective Optimization for Efficient Energy Optimization in IoT Networks
Authors: S REGILAN , L.K. Hema , J Jenitha 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a rapidly growing field that involves the interconnection of various devices and objects through the internet. One of the major challenges in IoT is the efficient use of energy by the sensor nodes, which have limited battery life. In this context, clustering and routing techniques play a crucial role in optimizing energy consumption in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a novel protocol that combines the ReLeC clustering algorithm with multi-objective optimization to achieve efficient energy optimization in wireless sensor networks. The ReLeC protocol employs reinforcement learning-based clustering to optimize network topology and enhance energy efficiency. Multi-objective optimization is used to find a set of non-dominated solutions on the Pareto front, which enables a trade-off between competing objectives such as network lifetime, energy consumption, and data transmission quality. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol outperforms existing clustering and routing techniques in terms of energy efficiency, network lifetime, and data transmission quality. The proposed protocol can be implemented using MATLAB, making it easy to reproduce and adapt for different IoT applications.
Environmental gradients structure assemblages of Canidae across the planet
Authors: Porto Lucas , Etienne Rampal , Maestri Renan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The phylogenetic structure of ecological communities carries the signature of ecological processes that influenced and are still influencing their assembly. However, identifying the mechanisms that shape communities is not simple, as they can vary geographically. Here, we investigate how the phylogenetic structure of Canidae communities across the globe is affected by the abiotic and biotic environment. We first identify phylogenetically clustered and overdispersed assemblages of canids over the planet. Then, we apply Structural Equation Models in these communities in order to identify the effect of six variables (current temperature, Last Glacial Maximum temperature, vegetation cover, human impact, Felidae richness, and a measure of canid body size dissimilarity) on the phylogenetic relatedness of canids. We found that South America and Asia present a high concentration of clustered communities, whereas Central America, Europe, and North America show phylogenetically overdispersed assemblages. Temperature from the Last Glacial Maximum is the most important variable in our models, indicating that as LGM temperature increases, assemblages become less overdispersed (clustered). Canidae community composition across the world thus presents patterns of clustering and overdispersion, which follow mainly the environmental gradient, suggesting habitat filtering as the main force acting on Canidae assemblages.
Assessment of Social Vulnerability in terms of Disasters in Türkiye Based on Entropy Method
Authors: Yükseler Mustafa , Tenikler Gökhan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study aims to determine social vulnerability (SV) to disasters at the provincial level. Although there are very few studies on vulnerability assessment for disasters in Türkiye, there is no recent study on SV assessment. In line with the aim of the study, SV indicators, sub-indicators and their variables have been determined using a deductive approach, considering the relevant literature review and Türkiye’s socio-economic structure. Provinces in Türkiye are assessed from a multidimensional perspective consisting of 9 sub-indicators and 34 variables representing under the indicators of demographic attributes, economic status, and adaptive capacity. In the study, entropy weight method used, and the results of the study were assessed at provincial, geographical regions and national scales. According to entropy results, the top 5 variables with the highest weights are “Number of Syrians (0,167)”, “Population Density (0,116)”, “Single-Person Household (0,096)”, “Extended Family Household (0,093)”, and “Number of Women (0,092)”. The findings show that SV index values of the provinces are between 0,093 and 0,853, most vulnerable province Istanbul is significantly different from the other provinces, while the least vulnerable province is Tunceli. Moreover, regionally, the Southeast Anatolia (0,222), Marmara (0,217) and Mediterranean (0,216) regions have the highest SV, respectively, while the Black Sea region (0,117) has the least vulnerability. The study results will provide a reference for decision makers and practitioners for disaster risk reduction.
Microplastics in Sitalakhya River: Distribution and Properties Across Land Uses in Dhaka's Peripheral Waterway
Authors: Tasnim Nafisa , Shahariar Md Nayeem Khan , Fahim Md Syfullah , Ali Muhammad Ashraf 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study investigates microplastics pollution in the water and bed sediment of a peripheral river of Dhaka city focusing on the possible impact of land use on the abundance and characteristics of microplastics. Water and sediment samples were collected from four locations along the river representing commercial, residential, industrial, and agricultural land uses. The abundance of microplastics ranged from 20 to 412 items/kg in sediment samples and from 3 to 38 items/100 liters in water samples. Some smaller microplastics were found adhering to the surfaces of larger microplastics, which can make it difficult to quantify the microplastics number accurately. The sediment and water samples from commercial areas yielded the highest concentrations of microplastics, suggesting the potential impact of land use and poor waste management practices on microplastics pollution. The majority of microplastics in sediment and water samples were blue and fragmented in shape. FTIR analysis identified the presence of the polymer types in the microplastics. The Sitalakhya River was classified as polluted with microplastics (PLI > 1), falling into risk category I. The higher abundance of MPs in river water and sediment samples from the commercial area highlights the need to develop strategies for the management of MP pollution from urban centers.
First scientific assessment protocol to assess animal welfare in cattle: a novel study from India
Authors: Kumar Ankit , Sindhu Neelesh , Kumar Tarun , Maharana Biswa Ranjan , Sharma Maneesh , Bhyan Pooja , Yadav Annu , Magotra Ankit , Gupta Shivika , Punia Sunil 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The increasing importance of animal welfare in Veterinary Medicine highlights the need for a comprehensive scientific assessment protocol for evaluating animal well-being across diverse animal husbandry setups in Haryana, India. In light of this gap, our study has been meticulously crafted to rectify these critical deficiencies and a protocol was developed to assess animal welfare in cattle. Conducted over 1.5 years (March 2022 - August 2023) in various animal husbandry setups of cattle [gaushalas (cattle shelters) having zebu cattle, organized and unorganized farms having exotic/crossbred cattle] across two agro-climatic zones (North Eastern (NE) and South Western (SW) Haryana), the study involved two stages. First, a detailed analysis of existing studies utilizing different biomarkers as indicators of bovine health and welfare, both in our country and abroad, was performed. The second stage involved evaluating selected animal welfare biomarkers in different husbandry setups. Through comprehensive analysis, we identified the necessity of a systematic evaluation protocol comprising twenty welfare indicators, including four physical measures, two behavioral measures and fourteen physiological/immunological measures. For the first time in India, this diverse set of indicators provides a robust foundation for thoroughly and scientifically evaluating and monitoring the health and welfare of cattle across different husbandry setups.