bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Risk and Disordered Eating: Decreased R Wave Amplitude in Women with Bulimia Nervosa and Women with Subclinical Binge/Purge Symptoms
Authors: Green Melinda , Rogers Jennifer , Nguyen Christine , Blasko Katherine , Martin Amanda , Hudson Dominique , Fernandez‐Kong Kristen , Kaza‐Amlak Zauditu , Thimmesch Brandon , Thorne Tyler 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was threefold. First, we examined whether women with bulimia nervosa (n = 12) and women with subthreshold binge/purge symptoms (n = 20) showed decreased mean R wave amplitude, an indicator of cardiac risk, on electrocardiograph compared to asymptomatic women (n = 20). Second, we examined whether this marker was pervasive across experimental paradigms, including before and after sympathetic challenge tasks. Third, we investigated behavioural predictors of this marker, including binge frequency and purge frequency assessed by subtype (dietary restriction, excessive exercise, self‐induced vomiting, and laxative abuse). Results of a 3 (ED symptom status) × 5 (experimental condition) mixed factorial ANCOVA (covariates: body mass index, age) indicated women with bulimia nervosa and women with subclinical binge/purge symptoms demonstrated significantly reduced mean R wave amplitude compared to asymptomatic women; this effect was pervasive across experimental conditions. Multiple regression analyses showed binge and purge behaviours, most notably laxative abuse as a purge method, predicted decreased R wave amplitude across all experimental conditions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
What's in a Self‐report? A Comparison of Pregnant Women with Self‐reported and Hospital Diagnosed Eating Disorder
Authors: Larsen Pernille Stemann , Nybo Andersen Anne‐Marie , Olsen Else Marie , Micali Nadia , Strandberg‐Larsen Katrine 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine how similar pregnant women with self‐reported lifetime eating disorder (ED) were to pregnant women with a hospital diagnosis of ED. A total of 83 731 pregnant women enrolled in the Danish National Birth Cohort reported on ED, and by linkage to the Danish health registers, hospital diagnoses of ED were obtained. Characteristics of women with self‐reported ED, hospital diagnosed ED and without ED were compared using chi‐square tests, t‐test and logistic regression models with robust standard errors. In total, 4.8% women reported ED, and 0.5% had a hospital diagnosis of ED recorded in the health registers. Women with self‐reported ED were comparable with women with hospital diagnosed ED on most reproductive and health characteristics, while they differed from women without ED concerning all characteristics studied. Our findings highlight that women with self‐reported ED have impaired function and adverse health outcomes, consistent with diagnosable ED. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Hair Cortisol Concentrations in Adolescent Girls with Anorexia Nervosa are Lower Compared to Healthy and Psychiatric Controls
Authors: Föcker Manuel , Stalder Tobias , Kirschbaum Clemens , Albrecht Muriel , Adams Frederike , de Zwaan Martina , Hebebrand Johannes , Peters Triinu , Albayrak Özgür 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectiveIn anorexia nervosa (AN) hypercortisolism has been described using urine, plasma and saliva samples as short‐term markers for the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA)‐axis. Here, for the first time, we analyse hair cortisol concentration (HCC) as a marker for long‐term integrated cortisol secretion in female patients with AN compared to female healthy controls (HC) and female psychiatric controls (PC).MethodsHCC was assessed in 22 female adolescent psychiatric inpatients with AN compared to 20 female HC and to 117 female PC of the same age range. For further analyses we examined the associations of age and body mass index (BMI) with HCC.ResultsLog HCC was lower in AN‐patients compared to HC (p = 0.030). BMI‐standard deviation scores (SDS) but not age correlated with log HCC (BMI‐SDS: r = 0.19, bias corrected accelerated 95% confidence interval: [.04, .34], p = 0.015; age: r = 0.10, bias corrected accelerated 95% confidence interval: [−.07, .25], p = 0.213) when combining AN, HC and PC samples.DiscussionWe find lower HCC in AN, compared to HC and PC, respectively. Based on the relationship between HCC and BMI‐SDS across AN, HC and PC, we argue that HCC might not capture endocrine alterations because of AN pathology‐related processes but rather shows consistent relationships with BMI, which extent even to the very low range of BMI values, as present in AN patients. Alternatively, incorporation of cortisol into the hair follicle might have been compromised because of trophic hair follicle disturbances that had been reported in AN patients, previously. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Detecting default mode networks in utero by integrated 4D fMRI reconstruction and analysis
Authors: Seshamani Sharmishtaa , Blazejewska Anna I. , Mckown Susan , Caucutt Jason , Dighe Manjiri , Gatenby Christopher , Studholme Colin 
Published: August 2016

AbstractRecently, there has been considerable interest, especially for in utero imaging, in the detection of functional connectivity in subjects whose motion cannot be controlled while in the MRI scanner. These cases require two advances over current studies: (1) multiecho acquisitions and (2) post processing and reconstruction that can deal with significant between slice motion during multislice protocols to allow for the ability to detect temporal correlations introduced by spatial scattering of slices into account. This article focuses on the estimation of a spatially and temporally regular time series from motion scattered slices of multiecho fMRI datasets using a full four‐dimensional (4D) iterative image reconstruction framework. The framework which includes quantitative MRI methods for artifact correction is evaluated using adult studies with and without motion to both refine parameter settings and evaluate the analysis pipeline. ICA analysis is then applied to the 4D image reconstruction of both adult and in utero fetal studies where resting state activity is perturbed by motion. Results indicate quantitative improvements in reconstruction quality when compared to the conventional 3D reconstruction approach (using simulated adult data) and demonstrate the ability to detect the default mode network in moving adults and fetuses with single‐subject and group analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4158–4178, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of leptin on memory function and hippocampal structure in mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Witte A. Veronica , Köbe Theresa , Graunke Anders , Schuchardt Jan Philipp , Hahn Andreas , Tesky Valentina A. , Pantel Johannes , Flöel Agnes 
Published: August 2016

AbstractMetabolic changes have been suggested to contribute to dementia and its precursor mild cognitive impairment (MCI), yet previous results particularly for the “satiety hormone” leptin are mixed. Therefore, we aimed to determine if MCI patients show systematic differences in leptin, independent of sex, adipose mass, age, and glucose and lipid metabolism, and whether leptin levels correlated with memory performance and hippocampal integrity. Forty MCI patients (20 females, aged 67 years ± 7 SD) were compared to 40 healthy controls (HC) that were pair‐wise matched for sex, age, and body fat. Memory performance was assessed using the auditory verbal learning test. Volume and microstructure of the hippocampus were determined using 3T‐neuroimaging. Fasting serum markers of leptin, glucose and lipid metabolism, and other confounding factors were assayed. MCI patients, compared with HC, showed lower serum leptin, independent of sex, age, and body fat (P < 0.001). Glucose and lipid markers did not attenuate these results. Moreover, MCI patients exhibited poorer memory and lower volume and microstructural integrity within hippocampal subfields. While leptin and memory were not significantly correlated, mediation analyses indicated that lower leptin contributed to poorer memory through its negative effect on right hippocampus volume and left hippocampus microstructure. We demonstrated that MCI is associated with lower serum leptin independent of sex, age, body fat, glucose, and lipid metabolism. Our data further suggest that inefficient leptin signaling could partly contribute to decreases in memory performance through changes in hippocampus structure, a hypothesis that should now be verified in longitudinal studies. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4539–4549, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Identifying Chiral Molecules and their Enantiomeric Excesses in Extraterrestrial Samples: An Experimental Journey
Authors: Pizzarello Sandra 
Published: August 2016

AbstractExtraterrestrial materials have showered the Earth since it formed and may be as diverse as small presolar grains of stellar origins, larger bodies made of dust and water, such as km‐sized comets, and stony meteorites of various sizes and composition broken off asteroids. Between these, carbonaceous chondrites have the distinction of containing up to 30 % carbon, most of which is present as organic material. This review follows studies over nearly half a century, and in particular, chronicles the progress toward understanding the enantiomeric distributions in some of their chiral organic molecules through innovative methodologies, from the seminal design of chiral stationary phases for GC columns by Gil‐Av to the optimization of their use through compound‐specific isolation and derivatization techniques developed for meteorite samples.
Novel porous poly(propylene fumarate‐co‐caprolactone) scaffolds fabricated by thermally induced phase separation
Authors: Guo Ji , Liu Xifeng , Lee Miller A. , Waletzki Brian E. , Yaszemski Michael J. , Lu Lichun 
Published: August 2016

AbstractScaffolds with porous structures are highly applicable for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In the present study, 3‐dimensional poly(propylene fumarate‐co‐caprolactone) [P(PF‐co‐CL)] scaffolds were fabricated from a P(PF‐co‐CL)–dioxane‐water ternary system through thermally induced phase separation (TIPS). Cloud points of P(PF‐co‐CL) in dioxane‐water solutions increased with increased solute concentration, but increased dioxane composition decreased cloud point. Among 3 polymer concentrations (4, 8, and 12 wt%), 8 wt% P(PF‐co‐CL) scaffolds exhibited the best pore interconnectivity, with large, regular sized pores. Scaffolds were formed in 3 solutions with different dioxane‐water ratios (74/26, 78/22, and 82/18 wt/wt); the 78/22 wt/wt scaffold had finger‐shaped patterns with better interconnectivity than scaffolds from the other two ratios. Higher dioxane‐water ratios resulted in a larger contact angle and thus less wettability for the fabricated scaffold, while scaffolds fabricated from higher concentrations of P(PF‐co‐CL) or high dioxane‐water ratios had better biomineralization after soaking in simulated body fluid. In vitro cell viability testing showed the scaffolds had good biocompatibility with both bone and nerve cells. The results indicate that the polymer concentration and solvents ratio significantly affect the formation of porous structures, and optimum processing parameters were found to be 8% polymer concentration and 22% to 24% water content. These porous P(PF‐co‐CL) scaffolds fabricated via TIPS may be useful in various tissue engineering applications © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 226–235, 2017.
Isolated effect of material stiffness on valvular interstitial cell differentiation
Authors: Coombs Kent E. , Leonard Alexander T. , Rush Matthew N. , Santistevan David A. , Hedberg‐Dirk Elizabeth L. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPrevious methods for investigating material stiffness on cell behavior have focused on the use of substrates with limited ranges of stiffness and/or fluctuating surface chemistries. Using the co‐polymer system of n‐octyl methacrylate crosslinked with diethylene glycol dimethacrylate (DEGDMA/nOM), we developed a new cell culture platform to analyze the isolated effects of stiffness independent from changes in surface chemistry. Materials ranging from 25 kPa to 4,700 kPa were fabricated. Surface analysis including goiniometry and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed consistent surface chemistry across all formulations examined. The mechanosensitive cell type valvular interstitial cell (VIC) was cultured DEGDMA/nOM substrates of differing stiffness. Results indicate that order of magnitude changes in stiffness do not increase gene expression of VIC alpha‐smooth muscle actin (αSMA). However, structural organization of αSMA is altered on stiffer substrates, corresponding with the appearance of the osteoblastic marker osteocalcin and nodule formation. This research presents the co‐polymer DEGDMA/nOM as ideal substrate to investigate the influence of stiffness on VIC differentiation without the confounding effects of changing material surface chemistry. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 51–61, 2017.
Population PK Modeling and Target Attainment Simulations to Support Dosing of Ceftaroline Fosamil in Pediatric Patients With Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections and Community‐Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia
Authors: Riccobene Todd A. , Khariton Tatiana , Knebel William , Das Shampa , Li James , Jandourek Alena , Carrothers Timothy J. , Bradley John S. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractCeftaroline, the active form of the prodrug ceftaroline fosamil, is approved for use in adults with community‐acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP) or acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) in the United States and for similar indications in Europe. Pharmacokinetic (PK) data from 5 pediatric (birth to <18 years) studies of ceftaroline fosamil were combined with PK data from adults to update a population PK model for ceftaroline and ceftaroline fosamil. This model, based on a data set including 305 children, was used to conduct simulations to estimate ceftaroline exposures and percentage of time that free drug concentrations were above the minimum inhibitory concentration (%fT>MIC) for pediatric dose regimens. With dose regimens of 8 mg/kg every 8 hours (q8h) in children aged 2 months to <2 years and 12 mg/kg (up to a maximum of 400 mg) q8h in children aged 2 years to <18 years or 600 mg q12h in children aged 12 to <18 years, >90% of children were predicted to achieve a target of 36% fT>MIC at an MIC of 2 mg/L, and >97% were predicted to achieve 44% fT>MIC at an MIC of 1 mg/L. Thus, high PK/pharmacodynamic target attainment would be maintained in children for targets associated with 1‐log kill of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The predicted ceftaroline exposures for these dose regimens were similar to those in adults given 600 mg q12h ceftaroline fosamil. This work contributed to the approval of dose regimens for children aged 2 months to <18 years by the FDA and EMA, which are presented.
Auto‐calibration of a projector–camera stereo system for projection mapping
Authors: Deglint Jason , Cameron Andrew , Scharfenberger Christian , Sekkati Hicham , Lamm Mark , Wong Alexander , Clausi David A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractStandard camera and projector calibration techniques use a checkerboard that is manually shown at different poses to determine the calibration parameters. Furthermore, when image geometric correction must be performed on a three‐dimensional (3D) surface, such as projection mapping, the surface geometry must be determined. Camera calibration and 3D surface estimation can be costly, error prone, and time‐consuming when performed manually. To address this issue, we use an auto‐calibration technique that projects a series of Gray code structured light patterns. These patterns are captured by the camera to build a dense pixel correspondence between the projector and camera, which are used to calibrate the stereo system using an objective function, which embeds the calibration parameters together with the undistorted points. Minimization is carried out by a greedy algorithm that minimizes the cost at each iteration with respect to both calibration parameters and noisy image points. We test the auto‐calibration on different scenes and show that the results closely match a manual calibration of the system. We show that this technique can be used to build a 3D model of the scene, which in turn with the dense pixel correspondence can be used for geometric screen correction on any arbitrary surface.
A comparison of questionnaires for assessing physical function in patients with lower extremity bone metastases
Authors: Janssen Stein J. , Paulino Pereira Nuno Rui , Raskin Kevin A. , Ferrone Marco L. , Hornicek Francis J. , van Dijk C. Niek , Lozano‐Calderón Santiago A. , Schwab Joseph H. 
Published: August 2016

ObjectivesTo assess, (i) the degree to which the: PROMIS Physical Function Cancer, PROMIS Neuro‐QoL Mobility, Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS), Lower Extremity Function Score (LEFS), and Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score (MSTS), measure physical function; (ii) differences in coverage and reliability; and (iii) difference in completion time.MethodsOne hundred of 115 (87%) patients with lower extremity metastases participated in this prospective study. We used exploratory factor analysis—correlating questionnaires with an underlying trait—to assess if questionnaires measure the same. Coverage was assessed by floor and ceiling effect and reliability by the standard error of measurement (SEM). Completion time was compared using the Friedman test.ResultsAll questionnaires measured the same concept; demonstrated by high correlations (>0.7). Floor effect was absent, while ceiling effect was present in all, but highest for the PROMIS Neuro‐QoL Mobility (7%). The SEM was below the threshold—indicating reliability—over a wide range of ability levels for the PROMIS‐Physical Function, TESS, and LEFS. Completion time differed between questionnaires (P < 0.001) and was shortest for the PROMIS questionnaires.ConclusionsThe PROMIS Physical Function is the most useful questionnaire. This is due to its reliability over a wide range of ability levels, validity, brevity, and good coverage. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:691–696. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Breaking Malus’ law: Highly efficient, broadband, and angular robust asymmetric light transmitting metasurface
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Pfeiffer Carl , Jang Taehee , Ray Vishva , Junda Maxwell , Uprety Prakash , Podraza Nikolas , Grbic Anthony , Guo L. Jay 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHigh efficiency, broad bandwidth, and robust angular tolerance are key considerations in photonic device design. Here, a few‐layer, asymmetric light transmitting metasurface that simultaneously satisfies all the above requirements is reported. The metasurface consists of coupled metallic sheets. It has a measured transmission efficiency of 80%, extinction ratio of 13.8 dB around 1.5 μm, and a full width half maximum bandwidth of 1.7 μm. It is as thin as 290 nm, has good performance tolerance against the angle of incidence and constituent nano‐structure geometry variations. This work demonstrates a practical asymmetric light transmission device with optimal performance for large scale manufacturing.
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Homogeneous Acetylation of Cellulose in the New Solvent Triethyloctylammonium Chloride in Combination with Organic Liquids
Authors: Achtel Christian , Heinze Thomas 
Published: August 2016

In the context of our studies on new cellulose solvents, triethyloctylammonium chloride (N2228Cl) in combination with acetone and N,N‐dimethylacetamide (DMAc) has been investigated for homogeneous acetylation of cellulose. In addition to the new solvent systems, the reaction has also been examined in 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) and LiCl/DMAc to determine the influence of the different solvents on the degree of substitution (DS). By reaction of dissolved cellulose with acetyl chloride (AC) or acetic anhydride (AA) at comparable reaction conditions and by applying different molar ratios, cellulose acetates (CA) with different DS have been obtained. The analysis of the samples by NMR spectroscopy reveals a functionalization mainly in the order O–6 > O–2 > O–3. The cellulose acetates synthesized by reaction with AC reveal similar DS values compared to samples prepared in the solvents LiCl/DMAc and BMIMCl. On the contrary, using AA as acylation agent results in lower DS values depending on the solvent applied.image
Clinical‐pathologic correlations in voltage‐gated Kv1 potassium channel complex‐subtyped autoimmune painful polyneuropathy
Authors: Lahoria Rajat , Pittock Sean J. , Gadoth Avi , Engelstad Janean K. , Lennon Vanda A. , Klein Christopher J. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Voltage‐gated Kv1 potassium channel complex (VGKC) autoantibodies subtyped for leucine‐rich glioma‐inactivated 1 (LGI1), contactin‐associated‐proteinlike 2 (CASPR2), and Kv IgGs have a spectrum of neurological presentations. Painful polyneuropathy is seen in some patients, but nerve pathology descriptions are lacking. Methods: Clinicopathologic features were studied in subtyped VGKC‐autoantibody‐seropositive patients who had undergone nerve biopsies. Results: Five patients were identified, 1 LGI1 IgG positive and 1 CASPR2 IgG positive, but all negative for Kv1.1‐, 1.2‐, 1.6‐subtyped IgG autoantibodies. Median symptom duration was 17 months. Pain was the predominant symptom; 3 had mild sensory loss and/or weakness. Histopathological abnormalities were limited to axonal loss in 3. None had mononuclear cellular infiltrates. Electron micrographs revealed no interstitial abnormalities. Three patients reported marked improvement in pain with immunotherapy. Conclusions: The nerve biopsy histopathology of patients subtyped for LGI1 and CASPR2 IgGs within the VGKC‐complex spectrum disorders shows either normal density or axonal fiber loss without inflammatory infiltrates. A reversible neural hyperexcitable mechanism is considered to be the cause of this painful polyneuropathy. Muscle Nerve 55: 520–525, 2017
Psychometric equivalence of electronic and telephone completion of the ICIQ modules
Authors: Uren Alan D. , Cotterill Nikki , Parke Sophie E. , Abrams Paul 
Published: August 2016

AimsTo assess the equivalence of touch‐screen (hand‐held iPad) and telephone completion of patient‐completed International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ) modules by comparison with corresponding data collected using conventional paper‐and‐pencil methods.MethodsMen and women, attending urology outpatients complaining of LUTS, were randomised to one of three groups which determined the order in which they completed three administrations of the same questionnaire: paper, iPad and telephone. Four ICIQ questionnaires were evaluated: ICIQ‐MLUTS, ICIQ‐LUTSqol, ICIQ‐OABqol and ICIQ‐UI SF.ResultsFrom August 2012 to October 2014 a total of 448 out of 491 (91%) recruits completed the first two administrations and were included in the analysis. Three hundred forty‐eight out of 491 (71%) completed the phone administration. The intra‐class correlation coefficient (ICC) and Kappa statistic were calculated where appropriate between completed pairs of administrations. Mean ICC correlations were high (>0.8) between paper and iPad administrations. Paired paper and phone administrations were less well correlated, although still high (mean ICC>0.75). This may be partly due to the practical limitation that the phone interview was completed up to a week later than the initial two administrations. There was no evidence that potential moderator effects (gender, age and experience with computers or touch screen devices) significantly affected overall reliability of scores between administrations.ConclusionsWe can recommend the interchangeable use of ICIQ electronic or paper based questionnaires in a clinical or research setting. Self‐report is preferable to telephone delivery where possible. Neurourol. Urodynam. 9999:XX–XX, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.