bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stable coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction: The role of revascularization
Authors: Aksut Baran , Starling Randall , Kapadia Samir 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe aim of this review is to present existing evidence of revascularization in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. A literature review was performed for trials studying revascularization, via CABG or PCI, in patients with CAD and LV dysfunction. Pivotal, high‐quality trials have investigated revascularization with CABG in stable CAD and LV dysfunction. CASS demonstrated improved 10‐year survival in the surgical group compared to medically treated patients. While 56‐month follow‐up of the STICH trial found no statistically significant difference between CABG and medical therapy in patients with stable CAD and LV dysfunction, the long‐term follow‐up at 10 years (STICHES) demonstrated that CABG did significantly decrease death from any cause and all secondary outcomes. However, these pivotal trials have focused solely on surgical revascularization. Comparable studies regarding outcomes after contemporary PCI methods in this particular subset of patients are severely lacking. More recent studies have included very small numbers of patients with reduced EF. In conclusion, given advances in surgical and non‐invasive fields, studies investigating long‐term effects of PCI versus CABG, including combined hybrid revascularization techniques are warranted. This review sets the stage for a high‐quality randomized, controlled trial comparing revascularization with PCI versus CABG in patients with stable CAD and LV dysfunction.
Use of 3‐D digital subtraction rotational angiography during cardiac catheterization of infants and adults with congenital heart diseases
Authors: Surendran Sushitha , Waller B. Rush , Elijovich Lucas , Agrawal Vijaykumar , Kuhls‐Gilcrist Andrew , Johnson Jason , Fagan Thomas , Sathanandam Shyam K. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo compare image quality, radiation and contrast doses required to obtain 3D‐Digital subtraction rotational angiography (3D‐DSRA) with 3D‐Digital rotational angiography (3D‐DRA) in infants (children ≤ 2 years of age) and adults with congenital heart diseases (ACHD).Background3D‐DRA can be performed with radiation doses comparable to bi‐plane cine‐angiography. However, 3D‐DRA in infants requires a large contrast volume. The resolution of 3D‐DRA performed in ACHD patients is limited by their soft tissue density. We hypothesized that the use of 3D‐DSRA could help alleviate these concerns.MethodsRadiation (DAP) and contrast doses required to obtain 3D‐DSRA was compared with 3D‐DRA in 15 age‐, size‐, and intervention‐matched infants and 15 ACHD patients. The diagnostic quality and utility of these two modalities were scored by 4 qualified independent observers.ResultsBoth in infants and adults, the median contrast volume for 3D‐DSRA was lower than 3D‐DRA (0.98 vs. 1.81 mL/kg; P < 0.001 and 0.92 vs. 1.4 mL/kg; P < 0.001, respectively) with an increased DAP (median: 188 vs. 128 cGy cm2; P = 0.068 and 659 vs. 427 cGy cm2; P = 0.045, respectively). The diagnostic quality and utility scores for rotational‐angiography, and 3D‐reconstruction were superior for 3D‐DSRA (score = 94 vs. 80%, P = 0.03 and 90 vs.79%, P = 0.01, respectively) and equivalent for multi‐planar‐reformation and 3D‐roadmapping in ACHD patients compared with 3D‐DRA. All scores for both modalities were equivalent for infants.Conclusions3D‐DSRA can be acquired using lower contrast volume with a mildly higher radiation dose than 3D‐DRA in infants and ACHD patients. The diagnostic quality and utility scores for 3D‐DSRA were higher in ACHD patients and equivalent for infants compared with 3D‐DRA.
Clinical outcomes with reservoir‐based polymer‐free amphilimus‐eluting stents in real‐world patients according to diabetes mellitus and complexity: The INVESTIG8 registry
Authors: Sardella Gennaro , Stella Pieter , Chiarito Mauro , Leone Antonio M. , Balian Vruyr , Prosperi Franco , Sorropago Giovanni , Mancone Massimo , Calcagno Simone , Briguori Carlo , Stefanini Giulio G. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundPatients with diabetes mellitus (DM) remain at higher risk of restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention despite the use of contemporary drug‐eluting stents. The Cre8 amphilimus‐eluting stent (AES) has shown promising results in DM patients. Whether this holds true irrespective of patient's clinical and angiographic complexity is unknown.MethodsFive hundred and ninety five consecutive patients (738 lesions) undergoing AES implantation were included in the INVESTIG8 multicenter registry. Patients were stratified according to DM status and further stratified according to patients' complexity. The prespecified primary endpoint was target lesion failure (TLF)–defined as the composite of cardiac death, target‐vessel myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization (TLR).ResultsDM patients were more often complex as compared to non‐DM patients (70% vs. 61%, P = 0.015). At 18‐month follow‐up, there was a trend to a higher TLF rate in DM than in non‐DM patients (6.9% vs. 3.5%, P = 0.063). This was largely driven by a markedly higher risk of TLF among complex DM patients as compared to simple DM patients (8.9% vs. 2.4%, P = 0.053). A multivariate analysis identified complexity (HR 6.11, 95% CI: 1.42–26.2) but not DM (HR 1.59; 95% CI 0.71–3.56) as an independent predictor of TLF. Of note, TLR rates were similar between DM and non‐DM patients (3.3% vs. 1.9%, P = 0.228).ConclusionsIn this real‐world, multicenter registry the Cre8 AES showed favorable clinical outcomes in DM patients. Increased risk of TLF appears to be driven by patients' complexity rather than DM status. These findings will need to be confirmed in a large‐scale randomized trial.
Rapid Synthesis of Rhodium–Palladium Alloy Nanocatalysts
Authors: Piburn Graham W. , Li Hao , Kunal Pranaw , Henkelman Graeme , Humphrey Simon M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe chemistry of metastable RhPd alloys is not well understood, and well‐characterized nanoparticle (NP) examples remain rare. Well‐defined and near‐monodisperse RhPd NPs were prepared in a simple one‐pot approach by using microwave‐assisted or conventional heating in reaction times as short as 30 s. The catalytic hydrogenation activity of supported RhPd NP catalysts revealed that short synthesis times resulted in the most‐active and most‐stable hydrogenation catalysts, whereas longer synthesis times promoted partial Rh‐Pd core–shell segregation. Relative to Rh NPs, RhPd NPs resisted deactivation over longer reaction times. Density functional theory (DFT) was employed to estimate the binding energies of H and alkenes on (1 1 1) Rh, Pd, and Rh0.5Pd0.5 surfaces. The DFT results concurred with experiment and concluded that the alkene hydrogenation activity trend was of the order Pd<RhPd<Rh. Rh‐to‐Pd charge‐transfer in the RhPd alloys was found to play an important role in modulating the H binding energy.
A Toolbox of Chromones and Quinolones for Measuring a Wide Range of ATP Concentrations
Authors: Pivovarenko Vasyl G. , Bugera Oleksandra , Humbert Nicolas , Klymchenko Andrey S. , Mély Yves 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA series of 26 3‐hydroxychromones, three bis‐flavonols and four 3‐hydroxyquinolones were studied to evaluate their fluorescence response to interaction with ATP in buffer. The dyes differ by the total charge, the size and number of their aromatic units, as well as the position or electron‐donating ability of their substituents. All of them were suggested to form complexes with ATP of 1:1 and 1:2 stoichiometry, which can be evidenced by their bright fluorescence and their 3000–6000 cm−1 red‐shifted excitation band. These fluorescent complexes allow detection of ATP concentrations over 3 orders of magnitude, whereas most other known probes cover no more than two orders. In total, the dyes allow ATP detection from 0.001 to 57 mm. In addition, most of the dye–ATP complexes can be excited in the visible and monitored in the red region of the spectrum. The response amplitude of the described dyes to ATP is as high as for the best known probes. Considering that complexation takes place at neutral pH, the studied dyes form a toolbox of fluorescent probes for intensiometric and ratiometric measurements of ATP concentration in a broad concentration range. Finally, the obtained results stimulate the idea that most of natural 3‐hydroxyflavones in living cells may form complexes with ATP.
Engaging the Terminal: Promoting Halogen Bonding Interactions with Uranyl Oxo Atoms
Authors: Carter Korey P. , Kalaj Mark , Surbella Robert G. , Ducati Lucas C. , Autschbach Jochen , Cahill Christopher L. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractEngaging the nominally terminal oxo atoms of the linear uranyl (UO22+) cation in non‐covalent interactions represents both a significant challenge and opportunity within the field of actinide hybrid materials. An approach has been developed for promoting oxo atom participation in a range of non‐covalent interactions, through judicious choice of electron donating equatorial ligands and appropriately polarizable halogen‐donor atoms. As such, a family of uranyl hybrid materials was generated based on a combination of 2,5‐dihalobenzoic acid and aromatic, chelating N‐donor ligands. Delineation of criteria for oxo participation in halogen bonding interactions has been achieved by preparing materials containing 2,5‐dichloro‐ (25diClBA) and 2,5‐dibromobenzoic acid (25diBrBA) coupled with 2,2′‐bipyridine (bipy) (1 and 2), 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen) (3–5), 2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine (terpy) (6–8), or 4′‐chloro‐2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine (Cl‐terpy) (9–10), which have been characterized through single crystal X‐ray diffraction, Raman, Infrared (IR), and luminescence spectroscopy, as well as through density functional calculations of electrostatic potentials. Looking comprehensively, these results are compared with recently published analogues featuring 2,5‐diiodobenzoic acid which indicate that although inclusion of a capping ligand in the uranyl first coordination sphere is important, it is the polarizability of the selected halogen atom that ultimately drives halogen bonding interactions with the uranyl oxo atoms.
Effects of high‐intensity aerobic interval training on cardiovascular disease risk in testicular cancer survivors: A phase 2 randomized controlled trial
Authors: Adams Scott C. , DeLorey Darren S. , Davenport Margie H. , Stickland Michael K. , Fairey Adrian S. , North Scott , Szczotka Alexander , Courneya Kerry S. 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUNDTesticular cancer survivors (TCS) have an increased risk of treatment‐related cardiovascular disease (CVD), which may limit their overall survival. We evaluated the effects of high‐intensity aerobic interval training (HIIT) on traditional and novel CVD risk factors and surrogate markers of mortality in a population‐based sample of TCS.METHODSThis phase 2 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02459132) randomly assigned 63 TCS to usual care (UC) or 12 weeks of supervised HIIT (ie, alternating periods of vigorous‐intensity and light‐intensity aerobic exercise). The primary outcome was peak aerobic fitness (VO2peak) assessed via a treadmill‐based maximal cardiorespiratory exercise test. Secondary endpoints included CVD risk (eg, Framingham Risk Score), arterial health, parasympathetic nervous system function, and blood‐based biomarkers.RESULTSPostintervention VO2peak data were obtained for 61 participants (97%). HIIT participants attended 99% of the exercise sessions and achieved 98% of the target exercise intensity. Analysis of covariance demonstrated that HIIT was superior to UC for improving VO2peak (adjusted between‐group mean difference, 3.7 mL O2/kg/min; 95% confidence interval, 2.4‐5.1 [P<.001]) and multiple secondary outcomes including CVD risk (P = .011), arterial thickness (P<.001), arterial stiffness (P<.001), postexercise parasympathetic reactivation (P = .001), inflammation (P = .045), and low‐density lipoprotein (P = .014). Overall, HIIT reduced the prevalence of modifiable CVD risk factors by 20% compared with UC.CONCLUSIONSThis randomized trial provides the first evidence that HIIT improves cardiorespiratory fitness, multiple pathways of CVD risk, and surrogate markers of mortality in TCS. These findings have important implications for the management of TCS. Further research concerning the long‐term effects of HIIT on CVD morbidity and mortality in TCS is warranted. Cancer 2017;123:4057‐65. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Additive neurogenesis supported by multiple stem cell populations mediates adult spinal cord development: A spatiotemporal statistical mapping analysis in a teleost model of indeterminate growth
Authors: Sîrbulescu Ruxandra F. , Ilieş Iulian , Meyer Annette , Zupanc Günther K.H. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThe knifefish Apteronotus leptorhynchus exhibits indeterminate growth throughout adulthood. This phenomenon extends to the spinal cord, presumably through the continuous addition of new neurons and glial cells. However, little is known about the developmental dynamics of cells added during adult growth. The present work characterizes the structural and functional development of the adult spinal cord in this model organism through a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the spatial and temporal dynamics of new cells at various developmental stages. This analysis, based on a novel statistical mapping approach, revealed within the adult spinal cord a wide distribution of both mitotically active and quiescent Sox2‐expressing stem/progenitor cells (SPCs). While such cells are particularly concentrated within the ependymal layer near the central canal, the majority of them reside in the parenchyma, resembling the distribution of SPCs observed in the mammalian spinal cord. The active SPCs in the adult knifefish spinal cord give rise to transit amplifying progenitor cells that undergo a few additional mitotic divisions before developing into Hu C/D+ neurons and S100+ glial cells. There is no evidence of long‐distance migration of the newborn cells. The persistence of cell proliferation and differentiation, combined with low levels of apoptosis, leads to a continuous addition of cells to the existing tissue. Newly generated neurons have functional and behavioral relevance, as indicated by the integration of axons of new electromotor neurons into the electric organ of these weakly electric fish. This results in a gradual increase in the amplitude of the electric organ discharge during adult development. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 77: 1269–1307, 2017
Environmental drivers of coral reef carbonate production and bioerosion: a multi‐scale analysis
Authors: Silbiger Nyssa J. , Donahue Megan J. , Brainard Russell E. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe resilience of coral reefs depends on the balance between reef growth and reef breakdown, and their responses to changing environmental conditions. Across the 2500‐km Hawaiian Archipelago, we quantified rates of carbonate production, bioerosion, and net accretion at regional, island, site, and within‐site spatial scales and tested how these rates respond to environmental conditions across different spatial scales. Overall, there were four major outcomes from this study: (1) bioerosion rates were generally higher in the populated Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI) than the remote, protected Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI), while carbonate production rates did not vary significantly between the two regions; (2) variability in carbonate production, bioerosion, and net accretion rates was greatest at the smallest within‐reef spatial scale; (3) carbonate production and bioerosion rates were associated with distinct sets of environmental parameters; and (4) the strongest correlates of carbonate production, bioerosion, and net accretion rates were different between the MHI region and the NWHI region: in the MHI, the dominant correlates were percent cover of macroalgae and herbivorous fish biomass for carbonate production and bioerosion, respectively, whereas in the NWHI, the top correlates were total alkalinity and benthic cover. This study highlights the need to understand accretion and erosion processes as well as local environmental conditions to predict net coral reef responses to future environmental changes.
Fragility functions for masonry infill walls with in‐plane loading
Authors: Chiozzi Andrea , Miranda Eduardo 
Published: July 2017

SummaryRecent seismic events have provided evidence that damage to masonry infills can lead not only to large economic losses but also to significant injuries and even fatalities. The estimation of damage of such elements and the corresponding consequences within the performance‐based earthquake engineering framework requires the construction of reliable fragility functions. In this paper, drift‐based fragility functions are developed for in‐plane loaded masonry infills, derived from a comprehensive experimental data set gathered from current literature, comprising 152 masonry infills with different geometries and built with different types of masonry blocks, when tested under lateral cyclic loading. Three damage states associated with the structural performance and reparability of masonry infill walls are defined. The effect of mortar compression strength, masonry prism compression strength, and presence of openings is evaluated and incorporated for damage states where their influence is found to be statistically significant. Uncertainty due to specimen‐to‐specimen variability and sample size is quantified and included in the proposed fragility functions. It is concluded that prism strength and mortar strength are better indicators of the fragility of masonry infills than the type of bricks/blocks used, whose influence, in general, is not statistically significant for all damage states. Finally, the presence of openings is also shown to have statistically relevant impact on the level of interstory drift ratio triggering the lower damage states.
Exercise therapy for trismus secondary to head and neck cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Kamstra Jolanda I. , van Leeuwen Marianne , Roodenburg Jan L.N. , Dijkstra Pieter U. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundEffects of exercise therapy for trismus secondary to head and neck cancer have not been reviewed systematically since 2004.MethodsFour databases were searched. The quality of observational studies and randomized controlled trials was assessed.ResultsTwo hundred eleven articles were found, 20 studies were included. A large variation in research methodology, stretching techniques, duration of stretch, and repetition of exercises was found. The overall quality was moderate. Five of the 8 preventive studies found that exercises during (chemo)radiotherapy could not prevent a reduction in mouth opening. In 4 therapeutic case studies, mouth opening increased between 17 and 24 mm. In 8 other therapeutic studies, mouth opening increased between −1.9 and 13.6 mm. No exercise therapy was clearly superior to the others.ConclusionChanges in mouth opening ranged considerably and no stretching technique was superior to others regarding either prevention or treatment of trismus. Clinical guidelines cannot be given based on this systematic review. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 160–169, 2017
Relationship between response rates and median progression‐free survival in non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma: A meta‐analysis of published clinical trials
Authors: Mangal Naveen , Salem Ahmed Hamed , Li Mengyao , Menon Rajeev , Freise Kevin J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDemonstration of clinical effectiveness of a non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) treatment generally involves determination of progression‐free survival (PFS). However, the long evaluation time of PFS limits its utility to make timely decisions in drug development. Therefore, the objective of this analysis was to determine the relationship between response rates and median PFS in NHL. A database was systematically developed from 513 identified NHL trials reported from 1996 to 2015. Potential predictors of the relationship between response rates and PFS were evaluated, including age, sex, treatment, percentage of treatment‐naïve patients, and subtype of NHL. Seventy‐three trials involving 86 cohorts were included in the meta‐analysis. Linear regression analysis using logit of response rates and logarithm of median PFS indicated that the correlation between overall response rate (ORR) and median PFS was higher (R2 = 0.70) when compared to that of complete response (CR) rate and median PFS (R2 = 0.57). Furthermore, the correlation was improved with the addition of percentage of treatment‐naïve patients and percentage of patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) (P < .005) between ORR and median PFS (R2 = 0.78), and between CR rate and median PFS relationship (R2 = 0.74). Treatment was not found to alter this relationship. In summary, ORR is as good as CR rate in predicting median PFS. Moreover, longer median PFS is expected in the trials including treatment‐naïve and/or FL patients at a given ORR/CR rate. The determined relationship can be used to project the median PFS based on ORR or CR rate.
Equity in maternal‐ and infant‐care services in China: A trend analysis based on residence and area (2000‐2014)
Authors: Liang Hong , Fang Shuai , Liu Shanshan , Liu Xinyu , Li Yanting , Li Ming , Zhang Yimin 
Published: July 2017

SummaryEquity in maternal‐ and infant‐care services is key to achieving equity in maternal and infant health outcomes. In this study, 12 indicators of maternal and infant services were selected to measure equity in maternal and infant services in China from 2000‐2014 using the Theil index and between‐group variance, with the result showing that equity has improved steadily and significantly, though serious inequities in premarital and reproductive health services remain. Relatively speaking, equity at the interprovincial level has increased, but equity in urban‐rural stratification has improved more, indicating that policies should focus on interprovincial inequities and premarital and reproductive health services.
Controlled basic fibroblast growth factor release device made of poly(ethyleneglycol) dimethacrylates for creating a subcutaneous neovascular bed for cell transplantation
Authors: Yamada Shinji , Nagai Nobuhiro , Saijo Saaya , Kaji Hirokazu , Nishizawa Matsuhiko , Imura Kozue , Goto Masafumi , Abe Toshiaki 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSubcutaneous space is a potential site for the transplantation of cells such as islets for treatment of type 1 diabetes. To enhance engraftment, an optimal space for the growth of the transplanted cells is needed along with neovascularization. In this study, we developed a device using a photocurable resin, poly(ethyleneglycol) dimethacrylates (PEGDM), for controlled release of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) to create a subcutaneous neovascular bed in rats. The device consists of a disk‐shaped capsule with micropores and is composed of tri(ethyleneglycol) dimethacrylate (TEGDM) and a drug formulation of PEGDM. The release rate was tuned by changing the number of pores and the composition of water and PEGDM in the drug formulation. bFGF released from devices incubated in phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) enhanced the growth of fibroblasts, indicating bioactivity of bFGF after release. Histological evaluation showed a significant increase in the extent of vasculature that was dependent on the amount of bFGF loaded into the device. A perfusion study using fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran 2000 kDa showed linear and capillary staining patterns, indicating potent functional vasculature. In conclusion, the controlled bFGF releasing device could provide a neovascular bed with the required vascularization in the subcutaneous space. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3017–3024, 2017.