bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ESP Wells Dynamic Survival Analysis and Lifespan Prediction Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Han Guoqing. , Lu Xin. , Zhang He. , Sui Xianfu. , Wang Biao. , Ling Kegang. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The electric submersible pump (ESP) is the primary artificial lift method for offshore oil wells. Due to the high operation and maintenance costs, it is crucial to avoid operations and conditions that negatively impact ESP wells' lifespan and seek ways to prolong their run life. However, the lifespan of ESP is affected by many factors, and it isn't easy to quantify the effects of these factors by conventional methods. To improve the lifespan of ESP and identify critical factors affecting it, this study thoroughly utilizes the wealth of downhole and wellhead measurement parameters available for ESP wells, establishes a dynamic survival model based on Cox proportional hazards survival analysis, and further constructs a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network that can predict the remaining life based on survival modeling. Field application results indicate that the LSTM network can accurately predict the remaining life of ESP and that the factors influencing ESP lifespan can be identified and quantified by the survival analysis model.
Facilitating Carbon Capture and Storage in Louisiana: The Implications of Environmental Protection Agency's Final Rule Granting Primacy for Class VI Wells
Authors: Wartman Philip , Ettehadi Ali , Kiran Raj , Ostrander Clay , Mokhtari Mehdi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) final rule granting primacy for Class VI wells in Louisiana represents a pivotal advancement for carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects within the state. This paper explores the regulatory framework and its implications for CCS, highlighting the benefits and challenges posed by this rule. Louisiana, with its extensive experience in oil and gas activities, presents a favorable environment for CCS deployment due to its robust underground storage options and regulatory infrastructure. However, the state's history of legacy wells, many inadequately sealed or documented, poses significant risks for CO2 sequestration initiatives.
This study delves into the administrative policies, compliance requirements, and the comprehensive assessment process mandated by the EPA to ensure safe and effective CO2 storage. A significant focus is placed on detailed case studies of existing CCS projects in Louisiana, which provide valuable insights into the practical challenges and technical wellbore problems encountered during CCS implementation. These case studies highlight issues such as well integrity, CO2 plume migration, and potential leakage pathways, offering lessons learned and best practices for future projects. The analysis further examines the geological formations of interest, including the Lower Tuscaloosa, Frio, Lower Miocene, and Wilcox sands, and assesses their suitability for long-term CO2 storage. The findings underscore the importance of thorough risk assessment, stakeholder engagement, and ongoing regulatory support to maximize the benefits of CCS deployment while mitigating associated risks.
This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of CCS regulatory practices and offer a detailed examination of the technical, environmental, and policy considerations critical to advancing CCS projects in Louisiana. By synthesizing regulatory dynamics, economic considerations, and empirical evidence from case studies, we provide actionable recommendations for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and economic decision-makers to capitalize on the transformative potential of CCS deployment.
Is There Unusual Hysteresis Between Primary Drainage and Imbibition Relative Permeability for Supercritical Carbon Dioxide?
Authors: Magzymov D. , Jerauld G. , Lyons E. , Richardson S. , Lun L. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to investigate supercritical CO2 (scCO2) hysteresis behavior between primary drainage and primary imbibition and to directly compare results with known non-wetting nitrogen (N2) gas using the same core, the same experimental apparatus, and the same test conditions. Carbon dioxide injection is a drainage process, whereas post-injection scCO2 plume migration involves imbibition. Typically, supercritical carbon dioxide in aquifer is assumed to be water wet. In this work, we will perform drainage and imbibition relative permeability tests with supercritical carbon dioxide - brine and nitrogen - brine under reservoir conditions and evaluate if there is any unexpected hysteresis specifically associated with scCO2.
Relative permeability experiments are conducted using a steady-state recirculation coreflooding unit with equilibrated fluids. Both scCO2 and nitrogen are equilibrated with brine to generate high confidence data. We use Berea sandstone core to reduce any potential rock-fluid effects. Carbon dioxide and brine typically cannot be directly treated as simple immiscible fluids due to their mutual solubility and sensitivity of phase behavior to temperature and pressure. Thus, carbon dioxide relative permeability studies require the use of equilibrated fluids, close control on temperature, control of pressure differential across the core, corrosion resistant materials, and specialized equipment. We completed both scCO2 – brine and N2 – brine relative permeability tests at the same reservoir conditions and using the same core sample. The results indicate that scCO2 relative permeability is similar to nitrogen, where both fluids show strongly water-wet hysteresis behavior.
The Future is Wireless Control & Monitoring
Authors: Abbott J. , Forrest K. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Dynamic downhole well production management has been historically limited to cabled intelligent completion systems. This paper introduces a new technology that provides wireless communication, control, monitoring and autonomy while being retrofittable for existing downhole well completions. The technology has been field deployed in three variants to address different challenges: remediate failed safety valves, restore downhole monitoring and provide flow control at a given interval. The field application of this technology has proven the feasibility and long-term performance of this wireless command, control and monitoring system under downhole conditions. It has also demonstrated the cost and CO2 savings of retrofitting versus recompletion.
The tool is designed to be deployed or retrofitted in an existing completion and record downhole data, responding to wireless commands from surface or operating autonomously in response to a change in a well’s flowing conditions. Most variants were deployed via slickline intervention with the option to retrieve later in the well life. The intelligent safety valve is a fully autonomous system, API14A qualified, device that enables the safe production of wells with failed downhole safety valves. This valve was installed in both oil and gas wells to restore production under a variety of challenging production conditions. The intelligent control valve was installed to provide commanded flow control of a long lateral with a late life risk of water. The wireless gauge was trialled for retrofit to replace a failed downhole gauge and allow continuous downhole measurements in wells without existing gauges. We will review the field applications of this wireless technology and discuss the challenges overcome through application.
The production of five wells was restored by retrofitting the wireless intelligent safety valve. The valve successfully operated under a variety of challenging conditions including cyclic loading, gas lift, velocity string and slug production. The intelligent control valve successfully actuated to provide zonal isolation on a subsea well without intervention. The wireless gauge provided pressure, temperature and gauge diagnostics on a daily basis while recording shut-in data at high rates to capture valuable transients during well shut in. This data was compared with existing downhole gauges as part of a trial to validate the technology. The retrofit ability of this technology significantly reduced environmental impact and overall project costs.
This is the first publication that describes widespread application of this technology to address industry challenges. This is one of the only wireless control and command technology that does not rely on repeaters. The two-way communication method utilizes pressure perturbations in the production fluids to transmit downhole data or tool commands. The communications protocol allows for communication with multiple devices in the well and independent of depth.
Energy Efficiency, Techno-Economic Viability, and Life Cycle Assessment of In-Situ Hydrogen Production from Natural Gas Reservoirs Using Electromagnetic Heating
Authors: Yan Keju , Cappello Vincenzo , Baek Kwang Hoon , Sun Pingping , Yuan Qingwang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Recently, a subsurface technology of in-situ hydrogen production using electromagnetic (EM) heating shows great potential for extracting clean hydrogen directly from natural gas reservoirs. However, critical knowledge gaps persist, particularly in technical assessments. This study addresses these gaps by evaluating energy efficiency, techno-economic viability, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions throughout the process. We analyze the system energy efficiency under various experimental conditions using sandstone and synthetic catalysts. The results highlight the potential for field improvements through the optimization of catalysts and methane flow rates. Techno-economic analysis (TEA), based on a developed reservoir-scale model, indicates hydrogen production cost can be potentially as low as $0.86/kg with the integration of renewable energy. Key cost drivers include membrane expenses and EM-heating electricity for hydrogen production. Life cycle assessment (LCA) indicates that methane pyrolysis in gas reservoirs does not generate GHG emissions throughout its life cycle. However, GHG emissions associated with electricity use (i.e., EM heating) in the process should be considered. Moreover, the technology's eligibility for Section 45 V of Inflation Reduction Act (IRA 45 V) clean hydrogen credits is contingent upon the source of electricity used. And the qualification for the credits depends on the proportion of renewable energy in the electricity consumption mix. This study provides insights into efficiency optimization, cost competitiveness, and environmental considerations for in-situ hydrogen production from gas reservoirs using EM heating.
Methane Destruction Removal Efficiency Assessment in US Shale Basins Using UAV-Based TDLAS Measurements
Authors: Duyst K. M. , Smith B. J. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This observational study assesses the methane combustion efficiency rates (CH4 DRE%) of 42 unique flare systems across two US shale basins: the Bakken and Permian. Employing advanced technology – unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and in-situ tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer(TDLAS) methane sensors – we adopt a bottom-up approach to detect, localize, and quantify CH4 emissionsat three Oil and Gas (O&G) operators.Combustion efficiency iscalculatedusing methane sensors and mass-balance methods thatcompare the mass flux flowrate of unburnt CH4exiting the flare system (i.e., in a flare’s plume) against the mass flowrate of CH4entering the system (flowmeter). Considerations for the volumetric flowrate and the vented gas temperature and pressure are also accounted. Attention to patterned gaps of quality data catalyzed a reassessment analysis:flare systems (27) were chosen for site revisitation if they exhibited hyperbolic combustion efficiency rates (like Site-5C with CH4 DRE% of -5084)orfaced difficulties (flowmeter discrepancies)that resulted in nulldata.Our findings reveal thatout of the 71 totaled flare system observations, 32 flare systems (45%) showcased combustion efficiency rates at or above the global average of 92% (IEA, 2023). 22 of the efficient flare systems were in the Bakken and 10 were in the Permian. Overall, 39 flare system assessments (55%)failed to reach the global combustion efficiency average – a combination of flowmeter discrepancies (18 flare systems) and failed combustion efficiency rates (21 flare systems). All instances of flowmeter discrepancies were in the Bakken basin and41% of revisited flare systems (11) exhibitedCH4 efficiency reevaluations that satisfied the global average.This disproportion between same-site flare efficiency implies one of many complexities in realizing a structured, continual and cohesive, flare combustion efficiency assessment at regional playing fields.Solutions towards regional discrepancies in flare system combustion efficiency require data acquisition strategies propelled by precise measurement techniques if they are to reach global initiatives(i.e., environmental regulations) aimed at mitigatingO&GCH4 emissions. Ultimately, this observational study sheds insight on the emerging potentials of technological and operational improvements for enhancedaccuracy acrossflare system efficiency assessments, vis-à-vis a regional comparison in CH4 DRE% estimates across 42 unique (71 totaled) flare systems in the Bakken and Permian basins.
Transfer Learning for Variable Well Locations and Permeability Distributions in Physics-Aware Deep Learning Reservoir Simulation Proxy Models
Authors: Kompantsev G. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Transfer Learning techniques have been utilized in a variety of simulation and optimization problems, enhancing deep machine learning models with the ability converge under changing boundary conditions, varying targets in labeled data, and scenarios with limited data availability. This research proposes applying transfer learning to a physics-aware deep-learning-based proxy reservoir simulator titled Embed to Control and Observe (E2CO).
In this study, the original physics-informed deep neural network proxy model of an existing reservoir is allowed to retrain key layers within the network's structure. Various properties of the data are adjusted, such as well placement, permeability fields, scheduling, and controls. By utilizing a fraction of the training material required for the original model, we quickly re-trained existing models with altered properties. Our tests showed excellent matches for cases of reservoirs with varying well locations for both oil and water production after retraining a model with 4 injectors and 5 producers, and with the addition of new wells. Retraining the model with modified well positions resulted in an average of 3% error on cumulative oil production, and 5% on cumulative water production matches compared to numerical solutions. Modifying permeability fields yielded mixed results.
This methodology is an advancement towards creating a fast and robust replica of high-fidelity models, enabling rapid, low-cost, computational predictions of various reservoir layouts. The system is versatile and non-intrusive, applicable to oil production and carbon sequestration problems alike. This method offers a fast proxy to complement traditional numerical simulation, providing a significant boost in efficiency and flexibility.
A vascularized human lung-on-a-chip reveals compartmentalized inflammatory responses in bacterial pneumonia
Authors: Volek Kelsie , Kang Hellen , Rosin Nicole , Rehan Mohammad , Nelson Theodore , Fatehi-Hassanabad Mortaza , Sinha Sarthak , Yipp Bryan , Biernaskie Jeff , Kamm Roger , Gillrie Mark 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The lung serves as a primary organ for gas exchange in the human body. However, during clinically apparent lung insults such as bacterial pneumonia, the blood-alveolar barrier is disrupted, immune cells are recruited, and lung biomechanics are altered. These processes impair lung function acutely with major contributions from the lung vasculature. The pulmonary vasculature normally provides an 8km long vascular network interfacing with the 50-100m2 epithelial surface of the lung. This vasculature is a critical regulator of lung development, homeostasis, and function; yet to date, 3D organ-on-a-chip lung models have largely relied on planar vascular structures that do not recapitulate a true microvascular compartment. Here, we generate a human vascularized lung on a chip (LoC) containing a ventilated epithelial lined air-liquid interface surrounded by human lung fibroblasts and a functional microvascular network. We perform detailed transcriptomic, morphologic, and functional characterization of the LoC to demonstrate the physiologic relevance of this model and examine acute inflammation during bacterial pneumonia. Using scRNAseq we observe enhanced cellular differentiation, function, and crosstalk in LoC 3D co-culture. During bacterial infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae, the most common bacterial cause of human pneumonia, we identify a sequence of events where infection causes compartmentalized inflammatory responses and intravascular immune cell recruitment. This precedes complete air-blood barrier breakdown, tissue destruction associated with necroptotic cell death, and loss of tissue elasticity. Finally, using selective protease inhibitors we demonstrate a role for ADAM10 sheddase in driving neutrophil infiltration and epithelial dysfunction during pneumococcal pneumonia. This model provides a novel platform to mechanistically explore lung homeostasis and human lung diseases with potential for integration into existing human drug development pipelines.
Research on obstacle avoidance for automatic drill rods replacement robot in coal mines
Authors: Luo Jiangnan , Li Jianping , Zhang Deyi , Zu Zhiyan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The replacement of drill rods in coal mine drill rigs is an indispensable step in drilling operations. Obstacle avoidance path planning in environments that are complex and unique presents significant challenges. To address this issue, we propose a method for obstacle detection and path planning based on depth cameras. Firstly, point cloud data of the drilling area are obtained using two depth cameras, and obstacles are identified using deep learning methods. Then, to enhance the efficiency of path planning and address the issue of false collisions caused by the proximity of the drill rod installation position to obstacles, we propose an adaptive depth bounding box fitting method. Lastly, in order to further optimize the path planning process, we propose a CBB-RRT algorithm, which introduces a path length cost function that is positively related to the straight-line distance between the starting point and the end point in the Bi-RRT algorithm. The aforementioned methods have been implemented on the Robot Operating System (ROS). The results show that the proposed method can efficiently and reliably complete the path planning for the drill rods replacement of coal mine drilling rigs.
Trajectory Tracking Control of Differential Drive Mobile Robots using Neural Network Disturbance Compensator
Authors: Sin Yong-Chol , Rim Chol-Min , Yun Chol-Guk , Kim Yong-Nam , Choe Kwang-Pyong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Many control methods for trajectory tracking of mobile robots are based on dynamic control strategies, such as computed torque control using coupled nonlinear nominal models in the form of Euler-Lagrange equations. In this paper, we propose a novel control approach to compensate the unknown dynamics of differential drive mobile robots and achieve trajectory tracking using a double integrator-type nominal model and a neural network equivalent disturbance compensator. In the proposed approach, instead of the coupled nonlinear nominal model used in the conventional dynamic control schemes, we introduce a simple double integrator (DI)-type decoupled linear nominal model and treat all the unmodeled dynamics different from that as lumped equivalent disturbances. By estimating and compensating this equivalent disturbance by using neural network, the differential drive mobile robots are resulted in a double integrator-type decoupled linear system and then a control law for trajectory tracking is derived by applying the linear system theory to this system. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified through simulations and experiments that are carried out on a four-wheeled differential drive mobile robots.
The LRRK2 p.L1795F variant causes Parkinson’s disease in the European
population
Authors: Lange Lara , Levine Kristin , Fox Susan , Marras Connie , Ahmed Nazish , Kuznetsov Nicole , Vitale Dan , Iwaki Hirotaka , Lohmann Katja , Marsili Luca , Espay Alberto , Bauer Peter , Beetz Christian , Martin Jessica , Factor Stewart , Higginbotham Lenora , Chen Honglei , Leonard Hampton , Nalls Mike , Mencacci Niccolo E. , Morris Huw , Klein Christine , Blauwendraat Cornelis , Fang Zih-Hua 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Pathogenic variants in the LRRK2 gene represent the most common cause of autosomal
dominant Parkinson’s disease (PD) worldwide. We identified the LRRK2 p.L1795F variant in
14 White/European ancestry PD patients, including two families with multiple affected carriers
and seven additional affected individuals with familial PD using genotyping and sequencing
data from more than 50,000 individuals through GP2, AMP-PD, PDGENEration, and
CENTOGENE. All variant carriers were of White/European ancestry, and those with available
genotyping data shared a common haplotype. The clinical presentation of p.L1795F carriers
resembles that of other LRRK2 pathogenic variant carriers. Combined with published
functional evidence showing strongly enhanced LRRK2 kinase activity, our findings provide
conclusive evidence that the LRRK2 p.L1795F variant is pathogenic. It represents a rare
cause of PD in the European population but needs to be included in genetic testing efforts and
considered for ongoing gene-specific clinical trials.