bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sektorenübergreifende Versorgung von Patienten mit diabetischem Fußsyndrom
Authors: Kersken Joachim , Metzger Christoph , Röhrig Ingo , Morbach Stephan 
Published: July 2017

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie reduzierte Schmerzwahrnehmung aufgrund einer diabetischen Polyneuropathie gepaart mit einer schlechten Durchblutung der Füße aufgrund einer peripheren arteriellen Verschlusskrankheit ist in der Regel der Grund, warum etwa 15 % der Diabetiker im Laufe ihres Lebens infolge ihrer Erkrankung schmerzlose, schlecht heilende Wunden an den Füßen – ein sogenanntes diabetisches Fußsyndrom – entwickeln. Pro Jahr entsteht bei 4 % der Diabetiker eine neue Wunde, bei 0,1 % kommt es durch den Zusammenbruch des Fußgewölbes zu einem Charcot-Fuß. Bleibt der Zustand der Füße unbeachtet, können sich kleine Verletzungen unbemerkt zu erheblichen Schädigungen entwickeln – bis hin zu notwendigen Minor- und Majoramputationen. Um solche schwerwiegenden Komplikationen möglichst zu verhindern, hat die Arbeitsgemeinschaft Fuß in der Deutschen Diabetes Gesellschaft (DDG) schon vor fast 15 Jahren Qualitätskriterien für ambulante und stationäre Fußbehandlungseinrichtungen zur interdisziplinären Behandlung von Patienten mit diabetischem Fuß definiert. Inzwischen sind 227 ambulante und 82 stationäre Einrichtungen nach den Kriterien der DDG zertifiziert. Damit soll eine bundesweit praktisch flächendeckende, wohnortnahe und qualitätsgesicherte Versorgung dieser Patienten gesichert werden.
Mit Pflanzen und Pilzen gegen den Krebs
Authors: Kress Ralph 
Published: July 2017

SummaryDie Phyto- inklusive der Aromatherapie und die Mykotherapie sind wichtige Teilbereiche einer seriösen gesamtheitlichen Krebstherapie. Die im Fallbeispiel verordneten Heilpflanzen und -pilze wirken unter anderem antioxidativ, immunmodulierend, entgiftungs- und ausscheidungsfördernd, antitumoral und antikarzinogen. Maßnahmen wie psychoonkologisch orientierte Beratungsgespräche oder aromatherapeutische Ölanwendungen rundeten die Behandlung ab.
Mit Bedacht kombinieren
Authors: Holzhauer Peter 
Published: July 2017

SummaryWechselwirkungen spielen beispielsweise in der Krebstherapie eine große Rolle, da die Patienten hier auf verschiedensten Wegen nach Linderung und Heilung suchen. 80 % aller onkologischen Patienten setzen klassische Medikamente sowie diverse Vitamine, Spurenelemente und Naturstoffe ein. Vor einer komplementären Tumortherapie gilt es daher, alle parallel eingenommenen Substanzen sowie die Ernährung des Patienten mitzuberücksichtigen.
Integrative Krebstherapie
Authors: Thiele Enrico 
Published: July 2017

SummaryIntegrative Krebstherapie bedeutet individuelle Therapie im Rahmen eines möglichst ganzheitlichen Gesamtkonzepts. Tumor abbauende, das Immunsystem stärkende, Lebenskraft und -qualität steigernde Maßnahmen werden dabei zusammengeführt. Wichtig sind neben der Immunstimulation die Hyperthermie und die Neutralisierung der vom Tumor produzierten Milchsäure sowie die Vitalstoffzufuhr als Basis.
Herzinsuffizienz und Diabetes
Authors: Baldia Philipp , Schütt Katharina 
Published: July 2017

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGPatienten mit Diabetes mellitus haben ein deutlich erhöhtes Risiko für die Entwicklung einer Herzinsuffizienz. Liegen beide Erkrankungen gemeinsam vor, geht dies mit einer sehr schlechten Prognose einher. Daten neuer Studien legen nahe, dass eine frühe Diagnose von entscheidender Bedeutung für eine spezifische Therapie der Herzinsuffizienz bei Patienten mit Diabetes sein könnte. Aus diesem Grund ist das Verständnis der zugrunde liegenden Pathophysiologie und der diagnostischen Möglichkeiten insbesondere der Herzinsuffizienz mit erhaltender linksventrikulärer Funktion von entscheidender Bedeutung. Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt einen Überblick über Inzidenz und Prävalenz, Prognose, zugrunde liegende Pathomechanismen sowie die diagnostischen Möglichkeiten bei Herzinsuffizienz.
Herzinsuffizienz und Diabetes
Authors: Rau Matthias , Lehrke Michael 
Published: July 2017

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEpidemiologische und klinische Daten weisen auf eine hohe Prävalenz und Inzidenz einer Herzinsuffizienz bei Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus hin, was mit einer schlechten Prognose assoziiert ist.Die vorliegende Übersicht fasst die therapeutischen Strategien zur Behandlung einer Herzinsuffizienz bei Patienten mit Diabetes zusammen. Des Weiteren wird die Behandlung des Diabetes bei Patienten mit Herzinsuffizienz unter Berücksichtigung der aktuellen klinischen Studien diskutiert.
Patientenautonomie und -informiertheit in der Psychoonkologie: Computerbasiertes Belastungs-screening zur interaktiven Behandlungsplanung (ePOS-react)
Authors: Schäffeler Norbert , Sedelmaier Jana , Möhrer Hannah , Ziser Katrin , Ringwald Johanna , Wickert Martin , Brucker Sara , Junne Florian , Zipfel Stephan , Teufel Martin 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Identifizierung belasteter onkologischer Patienten mithilfe von Screening-Instrumenten stellt in der Praxis eine große Herausforderung dar. Bislang fehlen evidenzbasierte Empfehlungen, welches Instrument am geeignetsten ist, sowie zur Implementierung eines Screenings. Die Nutzung computerbasierter Instrumente eröffnet neben automatisierter Auswertung und Information psychoonkologischer sowie medizinischer Behandler die Möglichkeit eines reaktiven Fragebogens. Welche Faktoren die Behandlungsentscheidung in der Psychoonkologie unterstützen können ist bislang wenig untersucht.Methode Frauen mit Brustkrebs und gynäkologischen Tumoren, die sich zur stationären operativen Behandlung in der Universitäts-Frauenklinik befanden, wurden konsekutiv in die Studie eingeschlossen (n=103). Bei Aufnahme erfolgte ein computerbasiertes Screening zur Belastungsmessung (ePOS-react). Hierbei wird abschließend auf dem Computer basierend auf der im Screening ermittelten Belastung eine Behandlungsempfehlung gegeben: i) psychoonkologische Beratung/Behandlung, ii) psychoonkologischer Kurzkontakt/Informationsgespräch, iii) kein Angebot. Die Patienten konnten sich für eine der 3 Optionen entscheiden (Behandlungswunsch). Am ersten postoperativen Tag wurde ferner ein klinisches Interview (Psychoonkologischen Basisdiagnostik, PO-Bado) zur Fremdbeurteilung des Behandlungsbedarfs durchgeführt.Ergebnisse 68,9% folgten der Behandlungsempfehlung, 22,3% wünschten ein „intensiveres“ (z. B. Beratung anstelle von empfohlenem Kurzkontakt) und 8,7% ein weniger „intensives“ als das empfohlene Angebot. Die Übereinstimmung zwischen Fremdbeurteilung und screeningbasierter Behandlungsempfehlung liegt bei 72,8%. Die Übereinstimmung zwischen Fremdbeurteilung und Behandlungswunsch der Patientinnen liegt bei 58,3%. Letztere ist niedriger, da sich 29,1% einen psychoonkologischen Kurzkontakt wünschten, für welche aus Sicht der Fremdeinschätzung keine akute Behandlungsindikation bestand.Diskussion Die direkte Rückmeldung des Screening-Ergebnisses in Form einer Behandlungsempfehlung während des computerbasierten Screenings und anschließende Abfrage eines Behandlungswunsches der Patientinnen führt zu einem Anstieg von Kurzkontakten zur persönlichen Informationsvermittlung. Dies erhöht zwar nicht die Genauigkeit hinsichtlich der Fremdbeurteilung, führt jedoch zu einer höheren Transparenz im Zugang zu psychoonkologischer Behandlung und kann damit Patientenautonomie und Adhärenz stärken.
Verbesserung des metabolischen Stoffwechsels bei Patienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes
Authors: Birkenfeld Andreas 
Published: July 2017

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDer Typ-2-Diabetes ist nicht nur eine Erkrankung des Blutzuckers, sondern die Summe der Effekte mehrerer fehlregulierter Stoffwechselwege. Im Zusammenspiel dieser ausgelenkten Stoffwechselwege kommt es zu makrovaskulären Komplikationen, wie Herzinfarkt, Schlaganfall und peripherer arterieller Verschlusskrankheit. Eine erfolgreiche Therapie des Diabetes muss daher alle fehlregulierten Komponenten betreffen. Neue antidiabetische Medikationen, wie GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten und SGLT-2-Inhibitoren, haben neben ihrer blutzuckersenkenden Wirkung auch positive pleiotrope Effekte, die wiederum dazu beitragen, das kardiovaskuläre Risiko der behandelten Patienten zu reduzieren.
Der Tanz mit dem Krebs
Authors: Warchold Heike 
Published: July 2017

SummaryTanztherapie ist eine körperorientierte Form der Psychotherapie, die in psychiatrischen, psychosomatischen und onkologischen Kliniken Anwendung findet. In der Psychoonkologie ist sie ein wichtiger Baustein, um Betroffenen in Gruppen- oder Einzeltherapie die Verarbeitung belastender Gefühle zu erleichtern. Rhythmus, Musik und Bewegung helfen den Patienten dabei, ihr Körper- und Selbstwertgefühl wiederzufinden und seelische Blockaden zu überwinden.
Sequential eviction of crowded nucleoprotein complexes by the exonuclease RecBCD molecular motor
Authors: Terakawa Tsuyoshi , Redding Sy , Silverstein Timothy D. , Greene Eric C. 
Published: July 2017

Significance
Chromosomes are crowded places, and any nucleic acid motor proteins that act on DNA must function within these crowded environments. How crowded environments affect motor protein behaviors remains largely unexplored. Here, we use single-molecule fluorescence microscopy to visualize the ATP-dependent motor protein RecBCD as it travels along crowded DNA molecules bearing long tandem arrays of DNA binding proteins. Our findings show that RecBCD can push through highly crowded protein arrays while evicting the proteins from DNA. This behavior on crowded DNA is distinct from a previously described mechanism by which RecBCD disrupts single isolated nucleoprotein complexes. These findings may provide insights into how other types of motor proteins travel along crowded nucleic acids.
Bacterial infection imaging with [
18
F]fluoropropyl-trimethoprim
Authors: Sellmyer Mark A. , Lee Iljung , Hou Catherine , Weng Chi-Chang , Li Shihong , Lieberman Brian P. , Zeng Chenbo , Mankoff David A. , Mach Robert H. 
Published: July 2017

Significance
The ability to distinguish bacterial infection from other pathologies in humans can be challenging. An imaging agent with great sensitivity and spatial resolution that would allow noninvasive identification of sites of bacterial infection could increase our understanding of the natural history of bacterial infection in patients and potentially be used to support clinical decision making. Here, we report the first synthesis of a fluorine-18–labeled derivative of the antibiotic trimethoprim for positron emission tomography imaging and show that it can identify bacterial infection in rodents. Importantly, this radiotracer does not accumulate at sites of sterile inflammation or cancer, pathologies that often have overlapping imaging features with bacterial infection.
Metabolic profiles of exercise in patients with McArdle disease or mitochondrial myopathy
Authors: Delaney Nigel F. , Sharma Rohit , Tadvalkar Laura , Clish Clary B. , Haller Ronald G. , Mootha Vamsi K. 
Published: July 2017

SignificanceMetabolic myopathies resulting from defects in skeletal muscle energy metabolism represent a spectrum of disorders that are typically mild at rest and unmasked with exercise. Although the genetic basis for many metabolic myopathies is known, their management remains challenging in part because we have an incomplete understanding of the biochemical pathogenesis. Here we applied plasma metabolic profiling to capture a holistic picture of metabolism at rest and with exercise in two metabolic myopathies that restrict oxidative metabolism: McArdle disease, characterized by defective glycogen fuel mobilization, and mitochondrial disease, characterized by a defective respiratory chain. Our work provides insights into how biochemistry is remodeled in these two disorders, revealing candidate biomarkers that may prove to have clinical utility.
Activation and synchronization of the oscillatory morphodynamics in multicellular monolayer
Authors: Lin Shao-Zhen , Li Bo , Lan Ganhui , Feng Xi-Qiao 
Published: July 2017

SignificanceOscillatory morphodynamics of collective cells is of fundamental importance for concerting cellular events and tissue-level developments in many living systems. We demonstrate that the collective cell oscillations in an epithelium-like monolayer are attributed to a chemomechanical Hopf bifurcation tailored by external forces and boundary physics and geometry. Our findings not only offer mechanistic insights into the synchronization and activation of supracellular oscillations inDrosophilaembryogenesis but also help uncover collective events in other scenarios, including wound healing and cancer invasion.
A competition-based analysis of French anticausatives
Authors: Legendre Géraldine , Smolensky Paul 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSome long-standing questions surrounding anticausatives in languages like French include whether the morphological marking (presence/absence ofse) correlates with interpretational differences and/or different syntax. We examine the three anticausatives classes (optionalse, obligatoryse, nose) in three aspectual contexts and formulate a generalization whereby a default morphological form (reflexive-/non-reflexive-marked) can be identified for each context, plus an interpretive anti-blocking effect: if the lexicon does not provide the default form then the other form (regardless of morphology) preserves the aspectual interpretation of its transitive source. French anticausativeseis tied to lexical aspect (rather than syntax), but the distribution is complex and non-transparent. We argue that the grammar allows bidirectional competition among forms and interpretations and the formalize analysis in Bidirectional OT (Superoptimality).
Core Addiction Medicine Competencies for Doctors: An International Consultation on Training
Authors: Ayu Astri Parawita , el-Guebaly Nady , Schellekens Arnt , De Jong Cor , Welle-Strand Gabrielle , Small William , Wood Evan , Cullen Walter , Klimas Jan 
Published: July 2017

Background Despite the high prevalence of substance use disorders, associated comorbidities, and the evidence base upon which to base clinical practice, most health systems have not invested in standardized training of health care providers in addiction medicine. As a result, people with substance use disorders often receive inadequate care, at the cost of quality of life and enormous direct health care costs and indirect societal costs. Therefore, this study was undertaken to assess the views of international scholars, representing different countries, on the core set of addiction medicine competencies that need to be covered in medical education. Methods A total of 13 members of the International Society of 20 Addiction Medicine (ISAM), from 12 different countries (37% response rate), were interviewed over Skype, e-mail survey, or in person at the annual conference. Content analysis was used to analyze interview transcripts, using constant comparison methodology. Results We identified recommendations related to the core set of the addiction medicine competencies at 3 educational levels: (i) undergraduate, (ii) postgraduate, and (iii) continued medical education (CME). The participants described broad ideas, such as knowledge/skills/attitudes towards addiction to be obtained at undergraduate level, or knowledge of addiction treatment to be acquired at graduate level, as well as specific recommendations, including the need to tailor curriculum to national settings and different specialties. Conclusions Although it is unclear whether a global curriculum is needed, a consensus on a core set of principles for progression of knowledge, attitudes, and skills in addiction medicine to be developed at each educational level amongst medical graduates would likely have substantial value.
Organ Vouchers and Barter Markets: Saving Lives, Reducing Suffering, and Trading in Human Organs
Authors: Cherry Mark J 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe essays in this issue of The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy explore an innovative voucher program for encouraging kidney donation. Discussions cluster around a number of central moral and political/theoretical themes: (1) What are the direct and indirect health care costs and benefits of such a voucher system in human organs? (2) Do vouchers lead to more effective and efficient organ procurement and allocation or contribute to greater inequalities and inefficiencies in the transplantation system? (3) Do vouchers contribute to the inappropriate commodification of human body parts? (4) Is there a significant moral difference between such a voucher system and a market in human organs for transplantation? This paper argues that while kidney vouchers constitute a step in the right direction, fuller utilization of market-based incentives, including, but not limited to, barter exchanges (e.g., organ exchanges, organ chains, and organ vouchers), would save more lives and further reduce human suffering.
A Defence of the Resemblance Meaning of ‘What it’s like’
Authors: Gaskin Richard 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
It is often held to be definitive of consciousness that there is something it is like to be in a conscious state. A consensus has arisen that ‘is like’ in relevant ‘what it is like’ locutions does not mean ‘resembles’. This paper argues that the consensus is mistaken. It is argued that a recently proposed ‘affective’ analysis of these locutions fails, but that a purported rival of the resemblance analysis, the property account, is in fact compatible with it. Some of the implications of this argument are briefly explored: it is suggested that the meaning of ‘what it’s like’ does not, in itself, have any special bearing on consciousness, and that the implications for the so-called ‘hard problem’ of consciousness are deflationary.
Vaccine Rejection and Hesitancy: A Review and Call to Action
Authors: Smith Tara C 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Vaccine refusal has been a recurring story in the media for well over a decade. Although there is scant evidence that refusal is genuinely increasing in the population, multiple studies have demonstrated concerning patterns of decline of confidence in vaccines, the medical professionals who administer vaccines, and the scientists who study and develop vaccines. As specialists in microbiology, immunology, and infectious diseases, scientists are content experts but often lack the direct contact with individuals considering vaccination for themselves or their children that healthcare professionals have daily. This review examines the arguments and players in the US antivaccination scene, and it discusses ways that experts in infectious diseases can become more active in promoting vaccination to friends, family, and the public at large.
The Relationship Between Structural and Functional Brain Changes and Altered Emotion and Cognition in Chronic Low Back Pain Brain Changes
Authors: Ng Sin Ki , Urquhart Donna M. , Fitzgerald Paul B. , Cicuttini Flavia M. , Hussain Sultana M. , Fitzgibbon Bernadette M. 
Published: July 2017

Objectives:
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a major health issue, yet its underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Studies have demonstrated the importance of emotion and cognition in chronic pain; however, the relevant brain physiology in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies are unclear in CLBP populations. Therefore, this review aimed to identify MRI brain changes and examine their potential relationship with emotional and cognitive processes in CLBP.

Methods:
A systematic search was conducted in 5 databases. Studies that recruited adult, CLBP populations, and used brain MRI protocols were included.

Results:
In total, 55 studies met the inclusion criteria. Of the structural MRI studies, 10 of 15 studies found decreased gray matter and 7 of 8 studies found white matter changes in CLBP groups compared with controls. Fourteen resting-state functional MRI studies all reported differences between CLBP and control groups in the default mode network. Interestingly, only 3 of 10 functional MRI studies observed significant differences during noxious stimulation between CLBP and control groups, whereas 13 of 16 studies observed significant brain activation differences in CLBP groups during various external tasks. Finally, there were 3 studies that observed a degree of recovery in functional connectivity following intervention.

Discussion:
The brain changes in CLBP groups were mainly observed in areas and networks important in emotion and cognition, rather than those typically associated with nociception. This supports the understanding that emotional and cognitive processes may be the core contributor to the CLBP experience; however, future studies need to explore these processes further.
Is the Organization of the Primary Motor Cortex in Low Back Pain Related to Pain, Movement, and/or Sensation?
Authors: Elgueta-Cancino Edith , Schabrun Siobhan , Hodges Paul 
Published: July 2017

Aim/Background:
Primary motor cortex (M1) organization differs between individuals with and without chronic low back pain (CLBP), in parallel with motor and sensory impairments. This study investigated whether movement behaviour and tactile/pain sensation are related to M1 organisation in CLBP.

Methods:
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to map the M1 representation of the erector spinae and multifidus muscles in 20 participants with and without CLBP. Cortical organisation was quantified by: map volume; center of gravity (CoG); number of peaks; and primary and secondary peak location. Movement behaviour was assessed as the ability to dissociate lumbar from thorax motion and sensory function as two-point discrimination, pressure pain thresholds, and pain intensity (visual analogue scale).

Results:
People with CLBP showed more anterior location of the CoG than controls. Map peaks were more numerous in CLBP participants who performed the movement task good than those with poor performance. In CLBP, smaller map volume correlated with greater pain during the movement task. Movement behaviour was not linearly correlated with M1 features.

Conclusions:
This study confirms that M1 maps differ between people with and without CLBP, but these changes are variable within the CLBP group and are not related to motor and sensory features in a simple manner.
Neurocognitive and Symptom Trajectories of ADHD from Childhood to Early Adolescence
Authors: Murray Andrea L. , Robinson Thomas , Tripp Gail 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
This longitudinal study investigated changes in neurocognitive functioning from childhood to early adolescence in a sample of children diagnosed with DSM-IV attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It also compared the neurocognitive trajectories of children who continued to meet the diagnostic criteria for ADHD at follow-up and those in partial remission.

Methods:
Children diagnosed with ADHD (N = 55) were tested at baseline (M = 7.7 years, SD = 1.5) and 4 years later (M = 11.7 years, SD = 1.5) on measures of intellectual, academic, and executive functioning. Group and individual analyses were used to examine neurocognitive functioning over this period.

Results:
Intellectual function was stable over the 4-year interval. Reliable change analyses highlighted variability in academic performance. Approximately half the sample showed a reliable decline in at least 1 academic subject with almost a third showing reliable improvement. Executive functions generally followed a stable or improving course, with significant improvements on measures of information processing, attentional control, cognitive flexibility, and goal setting. There was some evidence of better neurocognitive performance in those with partial symptom remission at follow-up.

Conclusion:
Study findings emphasize the importance of monitoring academic performance in children with ADHD, including examination of change at the individual level. Declines in academic performance were observed, despite stable intellectual and improving executive function. Early cognitive functioning did not predict symptom remission; however, reduced symptoms at follow-up were associated with better executive function.