bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-complexity end-to-end deep learning framework for 100G-PON
Authors: Xu Yongxin , Guan Xiaokai , Jiang Wenqing , Wang Xudong , Hu Weisheng , Yi Lilin 
Published: September 2024

End-to-end learning allows communication systems to achieve optimal performance compared with conventional blockwise structure design. By modeling the channel with neural networks and training the transmitter and receiver on this differentiable channel, the whole system can be jointly optimized. However, in existing schemes, channel modeling methods, such as the generative adversarial network and long short-term memory network, have complex architectures and cannot track channel changes, leading to less effective end-to-end learning. Meanwhile, the complexity of neural networks deployed at the transmitter and receiver is too high for practical applications. In this work, we propose an efficient and low-complexity end-to-end deep learning framework and experimentally validate it on a 100G passive optical network. It uses a noise adaptation network to model channel response and noise distribution and employs offline pretraining and online tracking training to improve the efficiency and accuracy of channel modeling. For the transmitter, it consists of a pattern-dependent look-up table (PDLUT) based on a neural network (NN-PDLUT) with a single convolutional layer. Further, the receiver is also an NN with a single convolutional layer; thus, the end-to-end signal processing is extremely simple. The experimental results show that end-to-end learning improves the receiver sensitivity by 0.85 and 1.59 dB compared with receiver-only equalization based on Volterra nonlinear equalization (VNLE) and joint equalization based on a PDLUT and a feed-forward equalizer, respectively. Moreover, the number of multiply–accumulate operations consumed by the transmitter and receiver in the end-to-end learning scheme is reduced by 75.7% compared with VNLE-based receiver-only equalization.
Monolithic integration of waveguide amplifiers and passive polymer photonic devices using photolithography
Authors: Tao Siliang , Wang Shuangshuang , Li Changlong , Liu Tingting , Zhao Dan , Yin Yuexin , Qin Guanshi , Wang Fei , Zhang Daming 
Published: September 2024

The monolithic integration of rare-earth-doped waveguide amplifiers with passive photonic devices has long been a subject of extensive research. Herein, we propose a method for active-passive monolithic integration based on polymer photonic integrated devices. The monolithic integration of passive devices with active waveguide amplifiers is achieved by spin-coating an active layer atop a passive polymer waveguide and subjecting specific regions of the active layer to selective photolithography. To validate the proposed monolithic integration scheme's impact on the performance of passive devices, performance tests were conducted on both passive and active-passive integrated 8-channel arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) devices. The crosstalk (CT) of the AWG devices before and after adding the active layer ranged from −12.04 dB to −14.72 dB and from −10.02 dB to −14.88 dB, respectively, with channel spacings of 9.29 nm and 8.80 nm, indicating consistent performance of the passive devices with the addition of the active layer. In a 0.5 cm-long active waveguide, internal net gain was achieved across all eight channels of the AWG, with a gain bandwidth ranging from 1518 nm to 1580 nm. Notably, an internal net gain of 9.5 dB was attained at 1527 nm. The successful integration of rare-earth-doped waveguide amplifiers with passive components on a monolithic chip has been achieved for the first time, requiring only two straightforward photolithography steps. This milestone not only preserves the inherent functionality of passive components but also enables effective signal amplification. This technological innovation holds the promise of fully harnessing the potential of rare-earth-doped waveguide amplifiers in the realm of photonic integrated circuits, thereby catalyzing significant breakthroughs and advancements in the field of optoelectronics.
Efficacy of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in arresting dentin caries against inter-kingdom biofilms of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans
Authors: Kaewkamchai Suphanida , Thanyasrisung Panida , Sukarawan Waleerat , Samaranayake Lakshman , Tuygunov Nozimjon , Songsiripradubboon Siriporn 
Published: September 2024

Objectives
To compare, in vitro, the efficacy of three proprietary silver diamine fluoride (SDF) products in mitigating progression of dentinal caries induced by an inter-kingdom, dual-species, bacterial-yeast biofilm.

Methods
Human dentin blocks were demineralized to create artificial caries lesions and randomized into three SDF test groups: Saforide, Topamine, T-SDF, and an aqueous control (n = 26 per group). After application of foregoing SDF variants, the blocks were incubated with Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans for 24 h for biofilm development, and subsequently subjected to a microbe-induced, pH-cycling process for 7 days, to mimic the oral eco-system. The biofilm cell viability and surface topography were assessed by colony-forming units (CFUs) and scanning electron microscopy respectively. The lesion depth and mineral density were evaluated by micro-computer tomography. SDF precipitate and matrix-to-mineral ratio were evaluated by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. Standard, accepted methodology was used for all these evaluations and procedures.

Results
After pH cycling, the SDF groups demonstrated comparable inhibition of the biofilm relative to the control. the log CFU of S. mutans for Saforide, Topamine, T-SDF, and control were 6.69±0.73, 6.48±0.56, 6.63±0.66, and 8.01±0.45, respectively. For C. albicans, the log CFU were 4.86±0.44, 4.72±0.53, 4.92±0.29, and 5.60±0.27, respectively. The log CFU of S. mutans and C. albicans in the SDF groups were significantly lower than the control group (p<0.001). Further, the lesion depth decreased by approximately 14.79±7.00% in the SDF groups, while it increased by 11.07±8.61% in the control (p<0.001), and the mineral density increased by 16.36±4.58% in the SDF group, as opposed to a 5.59±2.64% reduction in the control (p<0.001) implying their caries mitigating effect. These findings were corroborated by SEM images of the lesions.

Conclusion
SDF significantly mitigated dentin caries due to an assault by a polymicrobial plaque biofilm whilst arresting mineral loss and lesion growth. There was no difference in the caries-arresting efficacy of the compared SDF variants.
Developing Digital-Based Islamic Religious Education Teaching Modules on the Subject Matter of Duha Prayer in Elementary Schools
Authors: Hamdi  , Setria Utama Rizal  , Nurul Hikmah  , Muhammad Syabrina  , Sulistyowati  , Mualimin  
Published: September 2024

Purpose – The purposes of this study are to produce digital-based Islamic religious education teaching module products developed using the eXe-Learning application and to find out whether digital-based Islamic Religious Education teaching module products are feasible to use in learning.
Design/methods/approach – This study used development research (Research and Development) with the 4D development model (Define, Design, Development, and Dissemination). At the design validation stage, the digital-based Islamic Religious Education teaching module was validated by material experts and media experts. Data collection techniques used questionnaire instruments
Findings – The assessment by the material experts, consisting of 16 aspects, was 90% categorized as very feasible. The evaluation by the first media expert, consisting of 20 aspects, was 82% categorized as very feasible. The second media expert validation, as a whole, was 96% categorized as “very feasible.” The average value of material and media experts was 89.33% (Very Feasible). Meanwhile, the student response to the digital-based Islamic Religious Education teaching module, consisting of 12 aspects, obtained 67.2%, including the “feasible” category. Moreover, in terms of the module's effectiveness in learning, it had an effect in the form of increasing student skills in performing the Duha prayer.
Research implications/limitations – The implications of this development research practically have contributed to producing digital-based PAI teaching module products on the Duha prayer material used in learning. The main field trial was limited to Class IV of SDIT Al-Furqon Palangka Raya.
Originality/value – This development research supports the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in fulfilling the learning tools for the Merdeka Curriculum teaching modules, allowing it to contribute to the world of education
Anti-melanoma cancer activity and chemical profile of the essential oil of Seseli yunnanense Franch
Authors: Chen Lili , Ju Xiaoling , Wu Xuemei , Zuo Zongbao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Seseli yunnanense appertains to the Apiaceae family. S. yunnanense is known as an herbal remedy to treat several illnesses in Chinese traditional medicine. In this research, the essential oil (EO) of the aerial part of S. yunnanense (SYEO) was isolated by hydro-distillation apparatus. The chemical composition of the volatile oil was recognized using Gas chromatography (GC)/flame ionization detector and GC-Mass spectrometry methods. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and MTT assays were carried out to investigate the antioxidant and anti-melanoma cancer activity of the oil. The chromatography results showed SYEO was dominated by sesquiterpenes of α-bisabolol 40.19%, β-eudesmol 13.12%, and the phenolic compound eugenol 12.06%. SYEO scavenged the free radical of DPPH by IC50 of 454.66 ± 7.25 μg/mL. In the MTT assay, SYEO showed a dose depending on the viability of the melanoma cell lines of HMV-II, SK-ML-2, G-361, and HT144. The highest activity was obtained against the HMV-II cell line with IC50 of 116.82 ± 2.34 μg/mL. The cytotoxicity of SYEO was examined against HUVEC cell lines. The results exhibited the safety of EO for the human normal cells. The results showed the EO of S. yunnanense is a potent agent for treating melanoma cancer.
Effect of random variation in input parameter on cracked orthotropic plate using extended isogeometric analysis (XIGA) under thermomechanical loading
Authors: Kulkarni Nikhil M. , Lal Achchhe 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This research introduces the Stochastic Extended Isogeometric Analysis (XIGA) method to investigate fracture behavior of isotropic and orthotropic materials under mechanical, thermal, and thermomechanical loads. Employing knot spans from Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) for domain discretization, the study utilizes identical basis functions for geometry construction and solution discretization. Utilizing Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) enrichment functions, accurate crack face displacement discontinuity and tip singularity within the stress field are characterized. Additionally, employing a second-order perturbation technique within XIGA framework, the research derives mean and coefficient of variance values for mixed-mode Stress Intensity Factors (SIF). Stochastic variations in material elastic properties, crack length, and crack angle are considered in this computation. Credibility and robustness of the study are confirmed through comparative analyses against available literatures and Monte Carlo Simulations (MCS). The observed exceptional agreement validates the precision and reliability of the proposed stochastic XIGA method for fracture analysis in orthotropic material systems under thermomechanical loading conditions.
Plankton interaction model: Effect of prey refuge and harvesting
Authors: Basak Poulomi , Tiwari Satish Kumar , Tripathi Jai Prakash , Tiwari Vandana , Mishra Ratnesh Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Harmful algal blooms are one of the major threats to aquatic ecosystem. Some phytoplankton species produce toxins during algal bloom and affect other aquatic species as well as human beings. Thus, for the conservation of aquatic habitat, it is much needed to control such phenomenon. In the present study, we propose a mathematical model of toxin-producing phytoplankton and zooplankton species, which follows the Holling Type III functional response. We consider the effect of prey refuge and harvesting on both the species. Boundedness of the proposed model, existence of equilibria, and their stability have been discussed analytically. We also discuss the optimal harvesting policy and existence of bionomic equilibrium. The numerical simulation has also been performed. We identify the control parameters that are responsible for the system dynamics of the model. The parameter prey refuge has a great impact on the dynamics of the model system. Higher value of prey refuge leads to the stable dynamics. Also, the growth rate of phytoplankton acts as a control parameter for the dynamics of the model. The higher value of growth rate of phytoplankton is responsible for oscillatory behavior.
The impact of using prestressed CFRP bars on the development of flexural strength
Authors: Edan Ahmed Salim , Abdulsahib Wael Shawky 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The load-carrying capacity and ductility of conventional steel reinforcement may be greatly increased by using ordinary and prestressed carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) bars, resulting in reinforced concrete structures with greater sturdiness. This research investigates the flexural behavior of CFRP-prestressed beams with bonded tendons as opposed to conventional steel-prestressed beams. This article examines a less explored topic that often fails because post-tensioned beams with unbonded CFRP tendons are crushed by concrete. The linear-elastic behavior of CFRP accounts for much of the experimentally observed considerable variations in flexural characteristics between CFRP and steel-prestressed beams. Compared to unbonded CFRP specimens, bonded CFRP specimens are much stronger. Our knowledge of CFRP reinforcement in concrete infrastructure is advanced by this work, which highlights the need for better design techniques to increase strength and ductility. It is recommended that CFRP bars be bonded with epoxy resin to restrict fast energy dissipation and avoid concrete failure. As a result, CFRP-reinforced concrete beams will react less linearly and more ductilely. CFRP may improve prestressed concrete beam performance and lifespan in a number of scenarios, as shown by comparative research with traditional steel reinforcement. Six 1,800–mm-long RC beams with a 200 × 300 mm cross-section were examined and divided into three groups, analyzing important loading phases (i.e., cracked, ultimate, and mid-span deflection) using CFRP bars as prestressed tendons to replace the bottom steel rebars. The load-carrying capabilities and ductility of CFRP-reinforced beams were much greater than those of the reference beam. A single beam using normal CFRP bars for reinforcement showed a 21.2 mm mid-span deflection and an ultimate load of 157.2 kN, with a 57.7-kN fractured load. Another beam with normal CFRP bars also showed enhanced performance, with a mid-span deflection of 21.2 mm, an ultimate load of 160.6 kN, and a cracking load of 57.5 kN.
A platform for the early selection of non-competitive antibody-fragments from yeast surface display libraries
Authors: Fournier Léxane , Demir Deniz , Elter Desislava , Pekar Lukas , Kolmar Harald , Toleikis Lars , Becker Stefan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this work, we report the development of a platform for the early selection of non-competitive antibody-fragments against cell surface receptors that do not compete for binding of their natural ligand. For the isolation of such subtype of blocking antibody-fragments, we applied special fluorescence-activated cell sorting strategies for antibody fragments isolation from yeast surface display libraries. Given that most of the monoclonal antibodies approved on the market are blocking ligand-receptor interactions often leading to resistance and/or side effects, targeting allosteric sites represents a promising mechanism of action to open new avenues for treatment. To directly identify these antibody-fragments during library screening, we employed immune libraries targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor as proof of concept. Incorporating a labeled orthosteric ligand during library sorting enables the early selection of non-competitive binders and introduces an additional criterion to refine the selection of candidates exhibiting noteworthy properties. Furthermore, after sequencing, more candidates were identified compared to classical sorting based solely on target binding. Hence, this platform can significantly improve the drug discovery process by the early selection of more candidates with desired properties.
Assessment of screen time and its correlates among adolescents in selected rural areas of Puducherry
Authors: Ganesamoorthy Karthika , Rangassamy Ilavarasu , Dhasaram Premnath , Santhaseelan Amarnath 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To assess screen time and its correlates among adolescents in selected rural areas of Puducherry.

Methods
This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among adolescents aged 10–19 years visiting the Pediatrics and other departments at Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences (SLIMS), Puducherry. The sample size of 164 was determined based on previous studies, with a systematic random sampling technique used for participant selection. Data collection involved a semi-structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic factors, screen time, sleep, dietary, and physical activity patterns. Increased screen time was defined as more than 2 h per day, and adequate physical activity was considered as at least 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercises. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata version 17, with associations tested using Chi-square analysis and a significance level set at p<0.05.

Results
The mean age of the participants was 18.2 (0.9) years, with 86 % in the 16–19 years age group. Males comprised 53.7 %, and 66.5 % were from rural areas. The mean screen time was 4.4 (1.5) hours per day, with 79.1 % exceeding the recommended limit. Mobile phones were the most frequently used devices (92.7 %), primarily for watching movies (51.8 %) and videos (23.8 %). Increased screen time was significantly associated with younger age (10–15 years), urban residence, and school-going status. Adolescents with increased screen time exhibited lower physical activity and inadequate sleep. Additionally, increased consumption of packaged foods was observed among those with higher screen time.

Conclusions
More than three-fourths of the adolescents exceeded the recommended screen time, negatively impacting their physical activity and sleep. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to promote healthier lifestyle choices among adolescents in rural Puducherry.
Effect of laser ablation on mechanical performance of graphene-filled glass fibre reinforced polymer repaired composites
Authors: Muniyappa Santosh Kumar , Achutarao Bharatish , Venkatram Mamtha , Angadi Gangadhar , Solaiachari Sivakumar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the effect of laser ablation on the mechanical performance of graphene-filled glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) repaired lap joints. The performance characteristics of repaired laminates were measured in terms of surface roughness, tensile strength and flexural strength according to ASTM standards. While the surface morphology was examined using a confocal microscope, scanning electron microscopy was adopted to analyse the laser ablated fibre–matrix interface. The average surface roughness significantly increased with an increase in laser power from 4 to 10 W which was attributed to the presence of graphene and burnt fibres. The laser ablation conditions corresponding to 10 W laser power, 300 mm s−1 scanning speed, 20 kHz of pulse frequency, 0.05 mm line spacing and 5 laser passes lead to the highest tensile strength (36.033 MPa) and bending strength (30.972 MPa) of GFRP laminates. The laser ablated microstructure was characterised by fibre pull-out, epoxy residue, burnt, clean fibres as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy.
Design study of gas-cooled fast reactor with natural uranium as fuel employing modified CANDLE shuffling strategy in the axial direction
Authors: Ndayiragije Jean Pierre , Su’ud Zaki , Waris Abdul , Irwanto Dwi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study investigated gas-cooled fast reactor performance utilizing natural uranium as the fuel employs modified constant axial shape of neutron flux, nuclide densities, and power shape during life of energy production (CANDLE) shuffling strategy in the axial direction. The performance has been carried out on a reactor with various power levels in the range of 2,700–3,100 MWt and refueling every 10 years of burnup. The main importance of the modified CANDLE (MCANDLE) is that it can utilize natural uranium as fuel without needs reprocessing or enrichment plant. During this work, the core has been partitioned into 10 regions of similar volume along the axial direction. The fuel was filled into the first region, then transported to the second region after 10 years of burnup, and then to the third region 10 years later. This technique was practiced to all 10 regions, and the fuel in the tenth region was discharged in the reactor core. 10 % of natural thorium, natural uranium and enriched nitride (15 N) were used as fuel input. The calculations were performed employing a standard reactor analysis code (SRAC). The collision probability method (PIJ) module of SRAC was used to calculate cell burnup, and the reactor core design calculations were done with the CITATION module of SRAC, which used JENDL-4.0 as a nuclear data library. The result shows that a high power level causes an increasing rate of burnup level and effective multiplication factor. The highest average discharge burnup level is about 31.3 % HM for case E and the lowest average discharge burnup is about 27.2 % HM for case A.
Parental control attitudes over their pre-school children’s diet
Authors: Alves Dulce Ivone Pinto , da Cruz Moniky Araújo , Gomes Nadirlene Pereira , de Sousa Carvalho Amâncio António 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
It is during childhood that eating behaviors begin to form, with parents being the main agents in this process. Parents have eating habits that shape their children’s diet, both in terms of variety and quantity of food eaten. The aim is to analyze sociodemographic factors related to parental control over their children’s diet. Descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional study, with a sample of 46 parents of preschool children. An online questionnaire was used to collect data, with data processing carried out using SPSS, using descriptive and inferential statistics. The majority of respondents were mothers (89.1%), belonged to the 20–44 age group (89.1%), and were married (89.1%). The mean of the subscales of the children’s food questionnaire food restriction, pressure to eat, and monitoring was 3.266 ± 0.570, 3.109 ± 1.206, and 4.268 ± 0.848, respectively. The mean rank score for the food restriction subscale differed significantly between parents with different age groups (Mann–Whitney: p < 0.014), with the 45–64 age group having the highest mean rank, i.e., they restricted their children more in food. The age group is a factor related to food restriction, making it essential to take a closer look at the parents of that age group, during the health education process.
Crystal structure of (4R,10S)-6-hydroxy-7-isopropyl-4,10-dimethyl-1,2,3,5-hexahydro-6,10-epoxyazulen-9-one, C15H22O3
Authors: Jin Feng-Li , Li Qi-Ji , Zhou Lang , Yang Xiao-Sheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
C15H22O3, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 7.4754(10) Å, b = 11.1287(2) Å, c = 16.1412(3) Å, V = 1,342.81(4) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0344, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0921, T = 99.98(11) K.