bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment with geraniol ameliorates methionine‐choline‐deficient diet‐induced non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis in rats
Authors: Chen Jun , Fan Xiaoxia , Zhou Lin , Gao Xiaogang 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackground and Aim:Non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease and is considered to be a causative factor of cryptogenic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this work was to investigate whether treatment with geraniol (a monoterpene) attenuated NASH induced by methionine‐choline‐deficient (MCD) diet in rats.Methods:Rats were fed with MCD diet to induce NASH and treated with geraniol (200 mg/kg/day) for 10 weeks.Results:Treatment with geraniol reduced histological scores, fibrosis, and apoptosis in livers, lowered activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in serum, and attenuated hepatic fat accumulation in rats fed with MCD diet. Treatment with geraniol preserved hepatic mitochondrial function, evidenced by reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species formation, enhanced adenosine triphosphate formation and membrane integrity, restored mitochondrial electron transport chain enzyme activity, and increased mitochondrial DNA content in rats fed with MCD diet. Treatment with geraniol reduced uncoupling protein 2 protein expression, and enhanced protein expression of prohibitin, mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptorα, and activity of mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyl transferase‐I in livers of rats fed with MCD diet. Treatment with geraniol abated oxidative stress, evidenced by reduced malondialdehyde and 3‐nitrotyrosine formation, enhanced activity of glutathione S‐epoxide transferase, and down‐regulated expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cytochrome P450 2E1 in livers of rats fed with MCD diet. Treatment with geraniol reduced myeloperoxidase activity and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL‐6 in livers of rats fed with MCD diet.Conclusion:Treatment with geraniol attenuated MCD‐induced NASH in rats.
Dietary assessment among women with overweight and obesity in early postpartum
Authors: Huseinovic E. , Winkvist A. , Bertz F. , Hellebö Johansson E. , Brekke H. K. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aimed to assess dietary intake and evaluate the degree of agreement of group‐level dietary intake as measured by 24‐h recall against a 4‐day diet record among postpartum women with overweight and obesity.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted of 110 Swedish women with a body mass index of ≥27 kg m−2at 6–15 weeks postpartum who were recruited to a weight loss trial and randomised to diet intervention or control. One 24‐h recall was conducted among all women prior to randomisation. In addition, women subsequently randomised to diet intervention also conducted a 4‐day diet record before receiving dietary treatment (n= 54). Paired tests were used to evaluate agreement of group‐level dietary intake as measured by 24‐h recall against 4‐day diet record among women randomised to diet intervention.ResultsWomen reported a median (25th and 75th percentiles) energy intake of 9.1 (6.9, 11.7)MJday−1and an intake of fibre, vitamin D, folate and iron below the recommended intake as assessed by 24‐h recall prior to randomisation (n= 110). Group‐level median intakes of energy (9.9 versus 10.0MJday−1), fibre (21.9 versus 21.3 g day−1), vitamin D (4.8 versus 6.5 μg day−1), folate (296 versus 287 μg day−1), iron (11.0 versus 11.3 mg day−1) and calcium (915 versus 968 mg day−1) did not differ significantly between the methods; however, the record captured a higher energy‐adjusted intake of fat, saturated fat and alcohol, as well as a lower intake of carbohydrates, compared to the recall (n= 54).ConclusionsWe found no difference in group‐level estimates of energy or micronutrients between the recall and the record; however, there were some differences for macronutrients.
Localization of spots in FISH images of breast cancer using 3‐D shape analysis
Authors: LES T. , MARKIEWICZ T. , OSOWSKI S. , JESIOTR M. , KOZLOWSKI W. 
Published: December 2015

SummaryThe fluorescence in situ (FISH) belongs to the most often used molecular cytogenetic techniques, applied in many areas of diagnosis and research. The analysis of FISH images relies on localization and counting the red and green spots in order to determine HER2 status of the breast cancer samples. The algorithm of spot localization presented in the paper is based on 3‐D shape analysis of the image objects. The subsequent regions of the image are matched to the reference pattern and the results of this matching influence localization of spots. The paper compares different shapes of the reference pattern and their efficiency in spot localization. The numerical experiments have been performed on the basis of 12 cases (patients), each represented by three images. Few thousands of cells have been analysed. The quantitative analyses comparing different versions of algorithm are presented and compared to the expert results. The best version of the procedure provides the absolute relative difference to the expert results smaller than 3%. These results confirm high efficiency of the proposed approach to the spot identification. The proposed method of FISH image analysis improves the efficiency of detecting fluorescent signals in FISH images. The evaluation results are encouraging for further testing of the developed automatic system directed to application in medical practice.
Method for 3D fibre reconstruction on a microrobotic platform
Authors: HIRVONEN J. , MYLLYS M. , KALLIO P. 
Published: December 2015

SummaryAutomated handling of a natural fibrous object requires a method for acquiring the three‐dimensional geometry of the object, because its dimensions cannot be known beforehand. This paper presents a method for calculating the three‐dimensional reconstruction of a paper fibre on a microrobotic platform that contains two microscope cameras. The method is based on detecting curvature changes in the fibre centreline, and using them as the corresponding points between the different views of the images.We test the developed method with four fibre samples and compare the results with the references measured with an X‐ray microtomography device. We rotate the samples through 16 different orientations on the platform and calculate the three‐dimensional reconstruction to test the repeatability of the algorithm and its sensitivity to the orientation of the sample. We also test the noise sensitivity of the algorithm, and record the mismatch rate of the correspondences provided.We use the iterative closest point algorithm to align the measured three‐dimensional reconstructions with the references. The average point‐to‐point distances between the reconstructed fibre centrelines and the references are 20–30 μm, and the mismatch rate is low. Given the manipulation tolerance, this shows that the method is well suited to automated fibre grasping. This has also been demonstrated with actual grasping experiments.
Relationship between transient receptor potential vanilloid‐1 expression and the intensity of sensitive skin symptoms
Authors: Ehnis‐Pérez Adriana , Torres‐Álvarez Bertha , Cortés‐García Diego , Hernández‐Blanco Diana , Fuentes‐Ahumada Cornelia , Castanedo‐Cázares Juan Pablo 
Published: December 2015

SummaryBackgroundSensitive skin (SS) is a hyper‐reactive condition of the skin secondary to external factors, without objective signs of lesion. Its pathogenesis is still under investigation. Transient receptor potential vanilloid‐1 (TRPV1) is a cation channel that responds to low pH and is related to nociception, neurogenic inflammation, and pruritus.AimsTo determine the expression of TRPV1 in subjects with SS and correlate it with the degree of symptoms and skin pigmentation.Patients/MethodsWe included 31 subjects self‐diagnosed as having SS. Colorimetric values were obtained for assessment of skin phototype, and the lactic acid stinging test (LAST) was performed. Two skin biopsies from the nasolabial fold of each volunteer were obtained. Qualitative analysis of TRPV1 was carried out with immunohistochemistry. Quantitative analysis of TRPV1 was carried out with qRT‐PCR.ResultsLAST was positive in 74% of the subjects, 56% of those having tan and brown skin. Immunohistochemistry staining for TRPV1 was greater in positive subjects (P = 0.03), but showed no correlation with the intensity of symptoms. Positive subjects also had higher TRPV1 mRNA expression compared to negative subjects (P < 0.001). This expression showed a positive correlation with the intensity of referred symptoms (R = 0.75, P < 0.001) and skin pigmentation (R = 0.63, P < 0.001).ConclusionsTRPV1 expression is upregulated in subjects with sensitive skin, and it correlates with the intensity of the symptoms. Our findings suggest a role for this receptor in the pathogenesis of sensitive skin syndrome.
Relation between types of yolk sac abnormalities and early embryonic morphology in first‐trimester missed miscarriage
Authors: Ashoush Sherif , Abuelghar Wessam , Tamara Tarek , Aljobboury Dalia 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to identify yolk sac (YS) abnormalities and analyze their relation with different embryonic morphologies detected by ultrasonography in first‐trimester missed miscarriage.Material and MethodsThis descriptive study was carried out on 204 women with established first‐trimester missed miscarriage. Ultrasonography depicted the YS's diameter, shape, and echogenicity, as well as the embryonic morphologic findings, including normal shape, isolated defects, and growth disorganization types 1 to 4. The findings were qualified and analyzed.ResultsAbnormalities in YS diameter were much more common than those in YS shape or echogenicity. YS with normal diameter constituted 30.9% of the cases, as opposed to a vast majority with normal shape and normal echogenicity (93.5% and 94.7%, respectively). YS of normal diameter, shape and echogenicity were most commonly (47.5%) associated with normal embryonic morphology. Absent YS was most commonly (75%) associated with growth disorganization type 1. Too‐small YS were most prevalent among normal embryos (44.8%) and type 1 growth disorganization embryos (27.6%). Cystic YS were mostly associated with isolated embryonic anomalies (36.8%).ConclusionsThis study found a significant relation between YS abnormalities and embryonic morphology in missed miscarriage cases. This was most evident with abnormalities in YS diameter rather than the YS shape or appearance. The commonest combinations met in our cases were growth disorganized 1 embryos with an absent YS, normal embryonic morphology with normal or small YS, and isolated embryonic defects with cystic YS.
Incidence of large for gestational age infants when gestational diabetes mellitus is diagnosed early and late in pregnancy
Authors: Boriboonhirunsarn Dittakarn , Kasempipatchai Vorama 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAimsTo compare the incidence of large‐for‐gestational‐age (LGA) infants in women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) early and late in pregnancy, and evaluate associated factors.MethodsA total of 284 women with GDM who commenced antenatal care before 20 weeks of gestation were enrolled: 142 were diagnosed before 20 weeks (early GDM) and 142 were diagnosed after 20 weeks of gestation after normal initial screening tests (late GDM). Incidence of LGA infants were compared. Factors associated with LGA and pregnancy outcomes were evaluated.ResultsBoth groups had comparable baseline characteristics. The late GDM group were more likely to gain weight greater than recommended (P = 0.009) and less likely to have optimal glycemic control (P = 0.035). Incidences of maternal and neonatal complications, including LGA, were not significantly different between the groups. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the timing of GDM diagnosis was not significantly associated with LGA. Less gestational weight gain than recommended decreased the risk of LGA by 76% (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.09‐0.67, P = 0.007), while gestational weight gain greater than recommended doubled the risk of LGA (adjusted OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.03‐3.87, P = 0.041). Good glycemic control also reduced the risk of LGA by 66% (adjusted OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.16‐0.71, P = 0.886).ConclusionGestational weight gain and glycemic control, but not timing of diagnosis, were independently associated with LGA in women with GDM. Women diagnosed with GDM early had similar rates of LGA infants as women diagnosed late.
Role of laparoscopy as a minimally invasive procedure in treatment of ruptured uterine scar during second‐trimester induction of abortion
Authors: Zheng Yanmei , Jiang Qiaoying , Lv Ya‐er , Liu Feng , Yang Liwei 
Published: December 2015

AbstractUterine rupture is an uncommon complication following termination of pregnancy and is usually accompanied by severe lower abdominal pain and shock caused by intra‐abdominal hemorrhage. Laparotomy should be carried out promptly in order to repair the uterus or even to resect the uterus. Here we present a case of uterine rupture of a scarred uterus, which occurred during a second‐trimester induced abortion. The patient was successfully treated by laparoscopy with the help of laparoscopic ultrasound. This case suggests an alternative, effective approach to the diagnosis and treatment of uterine rupture.
Predicting adult obesity from childhood obesity: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Simmonds M. , Llewellyn A. , Owen C. G. , Woolacott N. 
Published: December 2015

SummaryA systematic review and meta‐analysis was performed to investigate the ability of simple measures of childhood obesity such as body mass index (BMI) to predict future obesity in adolescence and adulthood. Large cohort studies, which measured obesity both in childhood and in later adolescence or adulthood, using any recognized measure of obesity were sought. Study quality was assessed. Studies were pooled using diagnostic meta‐analysis methods. Fifteen prospective cohort studies were included in the meta‐analysis. BMI was the only measure of obesity reported in any study, with 200,777 participants followed up. Obese children and adolescents were around five times more likely to be obese in adulthood than those who were not obese. Around 55% of obese children go on to be obese in adolescence, around 80% of obese adolescents will still be obese in adulthood and around 70% will be obese over age 30. Therefore, action to reduce and prevent obesity in these adolescents is needed. However, 70% of obese adults were not obese in childhood or adolescence, so targeting obesity reduction solely at obese or overweight children needs to be considered carefully as this may not substantially reduce the overall burden of adult obesity.
Trends in child and adolescent obesity prevalence in economically advanced countries according to socioeconomic position: a systematic review
Authors: Chung A. , Backholer K. , Wong E. , Palermo C. , Keating C. , Peeters A. 
Published: December 2015

SummaryRecent obesity trends in children and adolescents suggest a plateau. However, it is unclear whether such trends have been experienced across socioeconomic groups. We analysed whether recent trends in child and adolescent overweight and obesity differ by socioeconomic position (SEP) across economically advanced countries. Eligible studies reported overweight and obesity prevalence in children and/or adolescents (2–18 years), for at least two time points since 1990, stratified by SEP. Socioeconomic differences in trends in child and adolescent overweight and obesity over time were analysed. Differences in trends between SEP groups were observed across a majority of studies. Over half the studies indicated increasing prevalence among low SEP children and adolescents compared to a third of studies among children and adolescents with a high SEP. Around half the studies indicated widening socioeconomic inequalities in overweight and obesity. Since 2000 a majority of studies demonstrated no change or a decrease in prevalence among both high and low SEP groups. However around 40% of studies indicated widening of socioeconomic inequalities post‐2000. While our study provides grounds for optimism, socioeconomic inequalities in overweight and obesity continue to widen. These findings highlight the need for greater consideration of different population groups when implementing obesity interventions. © 2015 World Obesity
The impact of e‐car deployment on global crude oil demand
Authors: Unger Stephan 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of growing e‐car deployment on global crude oil demand, by determining the impact factors of total vehicles‐in‐use. It further sets out the impact on global fuel consumption and global crude oil demand. Both effects are compared with a benchmark scenario excluding e‐car deployment. A 25‐year simulation of the three different demand functions is performed and finds significant impact on fuel demand, but less significant impact on crude oil demand, since gasoline is just a partial fraction of crude oil and most of global crude oil demand depends on global economic development. The conclusion of this paper is that we find fuel demand to peak earliest in 2021, followed by a subsequent decline to today's levels, assuming that e‐car market share development follows a Rayleigh distribution. Based on a car manufacturer survey by KPMG, which indicates a 10 per cent e‐car market share in 10 years, the e‐car sales function is adapted to this estimation. At the same time, global crude oil demand is found to peak in 2025 in case of 10 per cent e‐car market share, in 2026 in the case of 8 per cent e‐car market share and in 2030 in case of a 6 per cent e‐car market share in 10 years. Until 2040, the increase in crude oil demand is found to be 25 per cent slower in the 10 per cent market share case, 20 per cent slower in the 8 per cent market share case and 15 per cent slower in the 6 per cent market share case than compared with global crude oil demand without any e‐cars deployed.
Experience, Seemings, and Evidence
Authors: Reiland Indrek 
Published: December 2015

AbstractMany people have recently argued that we need to distinguish between experiences and seemings and that this has consequences for views about how perception provides evidence. In this article I spell out my take on these issues by doing three things.First, I distinguish between meresensationslike seeing pitch black all around you andperceptual experienceslike seeing a red apple. Both have sensory phenomenology in presenting us with sensory qualities like colors, being analog in Dretske's sense, and being fine‐grained. However, only the latter have furthermore a perceptual phenomenology characterized by objectification and related dualities of perspectivality/completion and variation/constancy.Second, I elaborate on the reasons for thinking thatbothmere sensations and perceptual experiences (= experiences) need to be distinguished from accompanyingseemingsthat passively assign things into conceptual categories and thereby tell you something about them. For example, when you look at a red apple and have the relevant recognitional abilities it will also normally seem to you that this is an apple.Finally, I argue that the best version of the populardogmatistview about evidence is one which claims that it's neither experiences nor seemings by themselves, but rather the right sorts of composites of experiences and seemings that provide evidence.
The Epistemic Unity of Perception
Authors: Chudnoff Elijah , Didomenico David 
Published: December 2015

AbstractDogmatists and phenomenal conservatives think that if it perceptually seems to you that p, then you thereby have some prima facie justification for believing that p. Increasingly, writers about these views have argued that perceptual seemings are composed of two other states: a sensation followed by a seeming. In this article we critically examine this movement. First we argue that there are no compelling reasons to think of perceptual seemings as so composed. Second we argue that even if they were so composed, this underlying disunity in metaphysical or psychological structure would fall below the threshold of epistemic significance.
Indications and outcomes of an endoscopic approach under laparotomy for the treatment of bilioenteric anastomotic strictures
Authors: Tokodai Kazuaki , Kawagishi Naoki , Miyagi Shigehito , Nakanishi Chikashi , Hara Yasuyuki , Fujio Atsushi , Kashiwadate Toshiaki , Kanno Atsushi , Goto Hitoshi , Kamei Takashi , Ohuchi Noriaki 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBAS is a potentially life‐threatening complication of LDLT. The aim of this study was to report on the indications and outcomes of an endoscopic approach under laparotomy being used in our institution to treat BAS after LDLT, using hepaticojejunostomy, for a small case series. Eighty‐three patients underwent an LDLT in our institution between 1991 and 2014. Retrospective chart review indicated that 10 of these patients developed BAS and were included in our analysis. The endoscopic approach under laparotomy was used in three patients who developed BAS 10 yr or more after their LDLT and in whom a percutaneous transhepatic approach and an endoscopic approach had failed. The course of recovery post‐operatively was unremarkable for two of the three patients who underwent the endoscopic approach under laparotomy. One patient required follow‐up laparotomy to treat a perforation of the bowel causing acute peritonitis. At follow‐up one yr post‐operatively, the stent tube was removed in two patients who recovered fully. The other patient had full recovery with the stent remaining in situ. The endoscopic approach under laparotomy could be a safe and promising option in the treatment of BAS to avoid surgical re‐anastomosis.
Prolactin, Androstenedione and IGF1 Serum Concentrations During Induced Follicular Growth by eCG Administration in the Bitch
Authors: Stornelli MC , García Mitacek MC , Praderio RG , Nuñez Favre R , de la Sota RL , Stornelli MA 
Published: December 2015

ContentsThe oestrus cycle in the domestic bitch, a monoestrous species, differs considerably from that of other veterinary domestic animals species. In the bitch the combined use of eCG and hCG is effective to induce oestrus predictably and safely (Stornelli et al., Theriogenology, 78, 2012 and 1056). Although several studies were done to describe the hormonal changes during the canine oestrus cycle, to our knowledge none was done to describe the hormonal changes during induced follicular growth after the administration of eCG. The aim of this work was to study prolactin (PRL), insulin‐like growth factor (IGF1) and androstenedione (ANDR) serum concentrations during follicular growth induced by a single dose of eCG administered to late anoestrous bitches. PRL and ANDR concentrations were lower before than after eCG TRT (before eCG vs pro‐oestrus, oestrus and dioestrus; 4.3 ± 1.8 ng/ml vs 6.5 ± 1.6 ng/ml, p < 0.05; 0.08 ± 0.2 ng/ml vs 0.42 ± 0.16 ng/ml, p < 0.05). Conversely, IGF1 concentrations were similar before and after eCG TRT (286.0 ng/ml ±32.2, p > 0.53). Additionally, PRL concentrations were similar before oestrus compared to during oestrus and dioestrus (6.9 ± 1.7 ng/ml, p > 0.19). Furthermore, IGF1 concentrations were higher before and during oestrus compared to first day of dioestrus (286.1 ± 29.8vs 200.4 ± 29.2 ng/ml, p < 0.01). On the contrary, ANDR concentrations were lower before and during oestrus compared to first day of diestrum (0.35 ± 0.17 ng/ml and 0.38 ± 0.15 vs 0.68 ± 0.17 ng/ml, p < 0.05). These results show that treatment with a single injection of 50 IU/kg of eCG in late anoestrous bitches successfully induced changes in follicular growth which were paralleled with changes in PRL, IGF1 and ANDR serum concentration similar to those occurring during a normally occurring oestrous cycle. In addition, our results suggest that IGF1 in the bitch could play an important role in ovarian folliculogenesis.