bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Origin of Peritoneal Cancer With Features of High-grade Serous Carcinoma: A Detailed Molecular Analysis
Authors: Yamagata Tomo , Watanabe Koichi , Yamanoi Koji , Kakiuchi Nobuyuki , Ogura Jumpei , Taki Mana , Murakami Ryusuke , Yamaguchi Ken , Hamanishi Junzo , Minamiguchi Sachiko , Ogawa Seishi , Mandai Masaki 
Published: September 2024

Primary peritoneal cancer has characteristics similar to high-grade serous carcinomas of ovarian and fallopian tube origin. However, the relationship between endometriosis and primary peritoneal cancer is not well understood. This study focuses on a case of peritoneal cancer in a patient who had undergone hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy 5 yr before. In addition to morphology, there was a positive for TP53 in immunohistochemistry and homologous recombination deficiency test, which were similar to high-grade serous carcinomas. However, WT1 was negative in the tumor, and extensive endometriosis coexisted. To reveal the clonal relationship between tumor and endometriosis, we dissected 3 sites each from the tumor and endometriosis and performed whole-exome sequencing analysis. As a result, we found that the tumors were of identical origin. Contrarily, no shared mutations were found in the 3 endometriosis sites. Furthermore, several shared mutations were found between the tumor and 1 endometriosis tissue, showing that the tumor and 1 ectopic endometrial gland originated from the same clone. This study indicates that several peritoneal cancers may be derived from endometriosis. We should consider the possibility of more diverse origins of peritoneal cancer than we speculated before.
Brief Report: Stated Preferences for Long-Acting Injectable ART Among Mobile Men Living With HIV in Malawi: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Thorp Marguerite , Phiri Sam , Phiri Khumbo , Robson Isabella , Mphande Misheck , Dovel Kathryn , Hoffman Risa 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Long-acting injectable (LAI) antiretroviral medications are as effective as daily oral antiretroviral therapy (ART) and offer discreet, less frequent dosing. LAIs may be ideal treatment options for people who experience challenges with adherence to daily oral ART, including mobile men living with HIV (MLHIV).

Methods:
We conducted a qualitative substudy within two parent trials in 24 health facilities in Malawi that enrolled MLHIV ≥15 years not on ART. We conducted in-depth interviews with a stratified random sample of participants who had taken oral ART and self-reported mobility (travel) during the 6-month study (≥1 trip of ≥3 nights). Interviews described cabotegravir/rilpivirine and asked about clients' stated preferences for LAI vs. oral ART and their reasoning. Interviews were translated, transcribed, coded in Atlas.ti, and analyzed using framework analysis.

Results:
We interviewed 29 mobile MLHIV from July 1, 2022, to August 30, 2022, median age 36 years (interquartile range: 31–41), mean 28 nights away in the past 6 months (SD: 40). Nearly all participants (26/29) expressed a preference for LAI over daily oral ART because LAI would reduce the risks of forgetting to take pills and unwanted disclosure. Three men preferred oral ART primarily because of fear of side effects from a new medication. A few men reported they would change their preference if injection site reactions prevented them from working.

Conclusions:
Mobile MLHIV in Malawi with previous ART adherence challenges expressed strong stated preferences for LAI over daily oral ART. Further research is needed to understand implementation challenges and potential effectiveness of LAI among harder-to-reach populations.
Full Thickness Nasal Reconstruction With Paired Pericranial and Paramedian Forehead Flaps
Authors: Farias Nathan , Moore Corey 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
The reconstruction of full-thickness nasal defects poses a significant challenge following oncologic resection. This study aims to share a technique using paired pericranial forehead flap (PCF) with contralateral paramedian flap (PMF) for such defects. Patient outcomes were reviewed, and the advantages and disadvantages of the reconstructive technique are discussed.

Methods:
A retrospective review of a single surgeon practice was done between 2019 and 2024. Cases of nasal reconstruction with a paired PCF and PMF following oncologic resection were reviewed. Defect characteristics, reconstructive technique, and postoperative complications were evaluated. A literature review summarizing the evolution of this technique from inception to April 2024 was conducted using PubMed.

Results:
The literature review identified 7 reports describing the use of a paired PCF and PMF for nasal reconstruction. The modifications and enhancements described in each study are summarized. The case series included 13 patients requiring oncologic resection for squamous cell carcinoma (8 patients) or basal cell carcinoma (5 patients). Every case required reconstruction of at least 2 nasal subunits, primarily involving the nasal tip, alae, and columella. Reconstruction was performed with the ipsilateral PCF, contralateral PMF, and structural grafts. Auricular cartilage grafts were universally used for structural support, with additional costal cartilage grafts and a split calvaria bone graft in select cases. The technique showed good functional and esthetic outcomes without any notable graft failures or donor site complications.

Conclusions:
The combination of an ipsilateral PCF and contralateral PMF is an effective strategy for reconstructing full-thickness nasal defects involving multiple nasal subunits.
Caregivers’ Perception of Child Weight and Its Implications on Children’s BMI: Examining the Role of Weight Concern and Pressed Eating Behaviors as Mediators
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Ying 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
This study aims to investigate the relationship between caregivers’ perception of child weight, their concern about children’s weight, pressed eating behaviors, and children’s BMI.

Methods:
A Child Feeding Questionnaire was administered to 442 primary caregivers of school-aged children (6–12 y old) in Hangzhou, China.

Results:
Significant differences were observed in age, family average monthly income, and family care type among children with different weight statuses (P<0.05). Caregivers’ perception of child weight was positively correlated with children’s BMI. Caregivers’ perception of child weight and children’s BMI were negatively correlated with pressed eating behaviors. Caregivers’ perception of the child's weight, BMI, and pressed eating behaviors were positively correlated with caregivers’ weight concerns. Caregivers’ perception of child weight not only had a direct positive predictive effect on children’s BMI but also influenced children’s BMI through three paths: via the independent mediation of children’s weight concern, the independent mediation of pressed eating behaviors, and the chain mediation of children’s weight concern and pressed eating behaviors.

Conclusions:
Caregivers need to rectify perception biases regarding child weight, adopt reasonable feeding strategies, nurture children’s self-regulation abilities regarding diet, and prevent the occurrence of childhood overweight and obesity.
Cochlear Implant Artifacts in Continuous Electroencephalogram Recording
Authors: Nayak Anuranjita , Traboulsi Henri , Anderson Anne E. , Runco Alyssa , Riviello James J. 
Published: September 2024

Summary:
Cochlear implants to aid sensorineural hearing loss are becoming commonplace. In this study, we describe two cases that showed artifacts related to the cochlear implant device during scalp EEG recording. To our knowledge, cochlear implant artifacts have not been reported previously. Recognizing cochlear implant artifacts will avoid misinterpretation and resultant inappropriate treatment.
A new understanding of coronary curvature and haemodynamic impact on the course of plaque onset and progression
Authors: Zhang Mingzi , Gharleghi Ramtin , Shen Chi , Beier Susann 
Published: September 2024

The strong link between atherosclerosis and luminal biomechanical stresses is well established. Yet, this understanding has not translated into preventative coronary diagnostic imaging, particularly due to the under-explored role of coronary anatomy and haemodynamics in plaque onset, which we aim to address with this work. The left coronary trees of 20 non-stenosed (%diameter stenosis [%DS] = 0), 12 moderately (0 < %DS < 70) and 7 severely (%DS ≥ 70) stenosed cases were dissected into bifurcating and non-bifurcating segments for whole-tree and segment-specific comparisons, correlating nine three-dimensional coronary anatomical features, topological shear variation index (TSVI) and luminal areas subject to low time-average endothelial shear stress (%LowTAESS), high oscillatory shear index (%HighOSI) and high relative residence time (%HighRRT). We found that TSVI is the only metric consistently differing between non-stenosed and stenosed cases across the whole tree, bifurcating and non-bifurcating segments (
p
< 0.002, AUC = 0.876), whereas average curvature and %HighOSI differed only for the whole trees (
p
< 0.024) and non-bifurcating segments (
p
< 0.027), with AUC > 0.711. Coronary trees with moderate or severe stenoses differed only in %LowTAESS (
p
= 0.009) and %HighRRT (
p
= 0.012). This suggests TSVI, curvature and %HighOSI are potential factors driving plaque onset, with greater predictive performance than the previously recognized %LowTAESS and %HighRRT, which appears to play a role in plaque progression.
A novel variant in MFN2 linked to a lethal disorder of neonatal onset
Authors: Zaman Mashiat , Marcadier Julien L , Tyndall Amanda V , McInnes Brenda , Innes A Micheil , Bernier Francois P , Shutt Timothy E. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPathogenic variants in the mitochondrial fusion protein Mitofusin2 typically cause axonal Charcot-Marie- Tooth disease type 2A (CMT2A), a progressively degenerative peripheral neuropathy. Here, we present two siblings with a lethal disorder of neonatal onset who carried a novel homozygous MFN2 variant R334K. Given the severe clinical presentation, which is atypical of MFN2 variants, further functional investigations were warranted to confirm the pathogenicity of the R334K variant, which was deemed to be likely pathogenic. Characterization of patient fibroblasts showed severe disruptions all MFN2-related functions that were assayed, including reduced mitochondrial respiration, altered mito-ER contacts, decreased mtDNA copy number and size, as well as increased abundance of cellular lipid droplets. We also observed reduced Complex I activity, which is noted in cells lacking MFN2, but is not standard for pathogenic MFN2 variants that cause CMT2A. These functional deficits, combined with the fact that loss of MFN2 is lethal in model organisms (e.g. mice/fruit-flies), support the notion that the MFN2 R334K is a loss of function variant that is responsible for patient phenotype. Thus, we present a novel pathogenic MFN2 variant causing severe fatal neonatal disease.Synopsis StatementThis work identifies a novel homozygous MFN2 variant, R334K, in two individuals with neonatal onset of fatal disease.
Rare twin cysteine residues in the HIV-1 envelope variable region 1 link to neutralization escape and breadth development
Authors: Hesselman Maria C. , Zeeb Marius , Rusert Peter , Pasin Chloé , Mamrosh Jennifer , Kariuki Samuel , Sickmann Michèle , Kaufmann Masako M. , Schmidt Daniel , Friedrich Nikolas , Metzner Karin J. , Rindler Audrey , Kuster Herbert , Adams Craig , Thebus Ruwayhida , Huber Michael , Yerly Sabine , Leuzinger Karoline , Perreau Matthieu , Koller Roger , Dollenmaier Günter , Frigerio Simona , Westfall Dylan H. , Deng Wenjie , DeCamp Allan , Juraska Michal , Edupuganti Srilatha , Mgodi Nyaradzo , Murrell Hugh , Garrett Nigel , Wagh Kshitij , Mullins James I. , Williamson Carolyn , Moore Penny L. , Günthard Huldrych F. , Kouyos Roger D. , Trkola Alexandra 
Published: September 2024

SummaryThe identification of HIV-1 Envelope glycoprotein (Env) traits associated with development of neutralization cross-reactivity in natural infection is critical for vaccine design. Here we describe the presence of additional Cysteine (Cys) residues in V1 that are enriched among people with elite neutralization breadth. Using >65,000 V1 sequences from the CATNAP database, the AMP trials and three large longitudinal HIV infection cohorts, the SHCS, ZPHI and CAPRISA studies, we show that Env variants with extra V1 Cys are present at low levels throughout infection and fluctuate in frequency over time within participants. We demonstrate an independent association of extra V1 Cys with elite plasma neutralization, and a strong preference for two versus one extra Cys, suggesting certain Envs introduce an additional disulfide bond for stabilization. We observed high levels of neutralization resistance among Envs from 34 bNAb donors, of which 17.6% had elongated V1 regions with extra Cys. We show that extra V1 Cys moderately increase neutralization resistance in an Env from a V2- Apex bNAb-inducer. Modulation of the accessibility of bNAb epitopes on this Env by extra V1 Cys enhanced epitope shielding of several regions, but increased V2 exposure. This suggests that escape from autologous neutralizing activity drove insertion of the extra V1 Cys, creating a modified antigen that may have favored V2 bNAb induction in this donor. Overall, we identify a rare motif of twin Cys in V1 that confers increased neutralization resistance and Env stabilization, is associated with bNAb induction, and may hold potential for incorporation into future HIV bNAb immunogens.
Drift in Individual Behavioral Phenotype as a Strategy for Unpredictable Worlds
Authors: Maloney Ryan , Ye Athena , Saint-Pre Sam-Keny , Alisch Tom , Zimmerman David , Pittoors Nicole , de Bivort Benjamin L. 
Published: September 2024

Individuals, even with matched genetics and environment, show substantial phenotypic variability. This variability may be part of a bet-hedging strategy, where populations express a range of phenotypes to ensure survival in unpredictable environments. In addition phenotypic variability between individuals (“bet-hedging”), individuals also show variability in their phenotype across time, even absent external cues. There are few evolutionary theories that explain random shifts in phenotype across an animals life, which we term drift in individual phenotype. We use individuality in locomotor handedness inDrosophila melanogasterto characterize both bet-hedging and drift. We use a continuous circling assay to show that handedness spontaneously changes over timescales ranging from seconds to the lifespan of a fly. We compare the amount of drift and bet-hedging across a number of different fly strains and show independent strain specific differences in bet-hedging and drift. We show manipulation of serotonin changes the rate of drift, indicating a potential circuit substrate controlling drift. We then develop a theoretical framework for assessing the adaptive value of drift, demonstrating that drift may be adaptive for populations subject to selection pressures that fluctuate on timescales similar to the lifespan of an animal. We apply our model to real world environmental signals and find patterns of fluctuations that favor random drift in behavioral phenotype, suggesting that drift may be adaptive under some real world conditions. These results demonstrate that drift plays a role in driving variability in a population and may serve an adaptive role distinct from population level bet-hedging.Significance StatementWhy do individuals animals spontaneously change their preferences over time? While stable idiosyncratic behavioral preferences have been proposed to help species survive unpredictable environments as part of a bet-hedging strategy, the role of intraindividual shifts in preferences is unclear. UsingDrosophila melanogaster, we show the stability of individual preferences is influenced by genetic background and neuromodulation, and is therefore a regulated phenomenon. We use theoretical modeling to show that shifts in preferences may be adaptive to environments that change within an individual’s lifespan, including many real world patterns of environmental fluctuations. Together, this work suggests that the stability of individual preferences may affect the survival of species in unpredictable worlds — understanding that may be increasingly important in the face of anthropogenic change.
State of India’s Birds 2023: A framework to leverage semi-structured citizen science for bird conservation
Authors: Viswanathan Ashwin , Thrikkadeeri Karthik , Koulgi Pradeep , Praveen J , Deomurari Arpit , Jha Ashish , Warudkar Ashwin , Suryawanshi Kulbhushansingh , Madhusudan MD , Kaushik Monica , Goyal Naman , Bangal Priti , Jayapal Rajah , Quader Suhel , Dutta Sutirtha , Menon Tarun , Ramachandran Vivek 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBirds and their habitats are threatened with extinction around the world. Regional assessments of the ‘State of Birds’ are a vital means to prioritize data-driven conservation action by informing national and global policy. Such evaluations have traditionally relied on data derived from extensive, long-term, systematic surveys that require significant resources, limiting their feasibility to a few regions in the world. In the absence of such ‘structured’ long-term datasets, ‘semi-structured’ datasets have recently emerged as a promising alternative in other regions around the world. Semi-structured data are generated and uploaded by birdwatchers to citizen science platforms like eBird. Such data contain inherent biases because birdwatchers are not required to adhere to a fixed protocol. An evaluation of the status of birds from semi-structured data is therefore a difficult task that requires careful curation of data and the use of robust statistical methods to reduce errors and biases. In this paper, we present a methodology that was developed for this purpose, and was applied to produce the comprehensive State of India’s Birds (SoIB) 2023 report. SoIB 2023 assessed the status of 942 bird species in India by evaluating each species based on three metrics: 1) long-term change: change in abundance between the year 2022 and the year-interval pre-2000; 2) current annual trend: mean annual change in abundance from 2015 to 2022; and 3) distribution range size. We found evidence that 204 species have declined in the long term, and 142 species are currently declining. We present and discuss important insights about India’s birds that can guide research and conservation action in the region. We hope that the detailed methodology described here can act as a blueprint to produce State of Birds assessments from semi-structured citizen science datasets and springboard conservation action in many other regions where structured data is lacking but strong communities of birders exist.Open Research StatementThe primary data are already publicly available on eBird (Sullivan et al. 2014), and other data are already published in a GitHub repository (stateofindiasbirds 2024).
Newly Acquired Word-Action Associations Trigger Auditory Cortex Activation During Movement Preparation: Implications for Hebbian Plasticity in Action Words Learning
Authors: Tretyakova V.D. , Pavlova A.A. , Arapov V.V. , Rytikova A.M. , Nikolayeva A.U. , Prokofyev A.O. , Chernyshev B.V. , Stroganova T.A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHebbian learning is believed to play a key role in acquisition of action words. However, this biological mechanism requires activation of the neural assemblies representing a word form and a corresponding movement to repeatedly overlap in time. In reality, though, these associated events could be separated by seconds. In the current MEG study, we examined trial-and-error learning of associations between novel auditory pseudowords and movements of specific body parts. We aimed to explore how the brain bridges the temporal gap between the transient activity evoked by auditory input and the preparatory motor activation before the corresponding movement. To address this, we compared learning-induced changes in neuromagnetic responses locked to the onset of the stimulus and to the onset of the movement. As learning progressed, both types of neural responses showed sustained enhancement during the delay period between the auditory pseudoword and the required movement. Cortical sources of this learning-induced increase were localized bilaterally in the lateral and medial temporal cortices. Notably, the learning effect was significantly stronger when measured time-locked to the movement onset, rather than to the pseudoword onset. This suggests that, after the pseudoword-movement associations were reliably acquired, the non-primary auditory cortex was reactivated in sync with the preparation of the upcoming movement. Such reactivation likely served to bring together in time the representations of the correct action and the preceding auditory cue. This temporal alignment could enable Hebbian learning, leading to long-lasting synaptic changes in temporally correlated neural assemblies.
Fixation Drift Increases as a Function of Time-on-Task
Authors: Friedman Lee , Komogortsev Oleg V. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOcular fixations contain microsaccades, drift and tremor. We report an increase in the slope of linear fixation drift as a function of time-on-task (TOT). We employed a very large dataset (322 distinct subjects, multiple visits per subject). Subjects performed a random saccade task. The task, in which the target dot jumped randomly over the display area every 1 sec, was 100 sec in duration. Fixations were identified using a published classification method. For each fixation, we regressed eye position against time across multiple segment lengths (50, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 ms). We started with the first sample and continued until no further regressions were possible based on the particular segment length being evaluated. For each segment length, each fixation was characterized by a single value: the maximum slope over the segment length. The slopes were expressed in deg/sec. We were not interested in the direction of the linear drift so we took the absolute value of the slope as the measure. For data analysis, each 100 sec task was divided into five 20 sec epochs. We found that median slope increased across epochs in both session recordings. Although similar trends were found regardless of segment length, the results were clearer and more consistent when using segment lengths of 200 ms or greater. Although we describe these changes in linear drift as related to time-on-task (TOT), we think it is likely, though no certain, that these effects are due to some sort of short-term oculomotor fatigue.