bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Are You Retarded?” “No, I'm Catholic”: Qualitative Methods in the Study of People with Severe Handicaps
Authors: Biklen Sari Knopp , Moseley Charles R. 
Published: November 2015

Qualitative research methods generally depend heavily on good communication between researcher and informant. When qualitative methodologists study informants with severe retardation whose use of language may be limited, what do they do? If the researchers plan to study the world of the informant, then traditional participant observation guidelines are useful. But when the researcher wants to interview the informant, some modifications need to be made. The authors suggest several guidelines to follow.
Crystal structure and chemistry of natural kutinaite from Černý Důl, Krkonoše, Czech Republic
Authors: Bindi Luca , Makovicky Emil 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe have characterized the crystal structure of natural kutinaite, a rare mineral from the ores of Černý Důl, Czech Republic, by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis. We found that the structure of natural kutinaite is not identical to that of synthetic Cu14Ag6As7, previously reported to be cubic, space group Pm3m. Although topologically similar, the structure of natural kutinaite is indeed tetragonal, space group P4/mmm, with cell parameters: a = 11.789(2), c = 11.766(2) Å, V = 1635.5(4) Å3 and Z = 4. Electron microprobe analyses pointed to the (K,Tl)0.25Cu14Ag6As6.75 stoichiometry (Z = 4), or (K, Tl)Cu56Ag24As27 with Z = 16. The crystal structure of an untwinned crystal has been refined to R1 = 2.61%. It consists of clusters of eight edge-sharing tetrahedra of Cu, which alternate in a 3D chess-board manner with octahedral clusters of six Ag atoms. The latter are surrounded by triangularly coordinated copper in eight faces of a cuboctahedron. The last structure components are large cavities containing partly occupied (K,Tl) sites, coordinated by 18 Ag and As ligands. The structure is full of direct metal-metal contacts although As plays the role of anion, associating especially with copper.
Anzaite-(Ce), a new rare-earth mineral and structure type from the Afrikanda silicocarbonatite, Kola Peninsula, Russia
Authors: Chakhmouradian A. R. , Cooper M. A. , Medici L. , Abdu Y. A. , Shelukhina Y. S. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAnzaite-(Ce), ideally Ce43+Fe2+Ti6O18(OH)2, is a new, structurally complex mineral occurring as scarce minute crystals in hydrothermally altered silicocarbonatites in the Afrikanda alkali-ultramafic complex of the Kola Peninsula, Russia. The mineral is a late hydrothermal phase associated with titanite, hibschite, clinochlore and calcite replacing the primary magmatic paragenesis. The rare-earth elements (REE) (dominated by Ce), Ti and Fe incorporated in anzaite-(Ce) were derived from primary Ti oxides abundant in the host rock. Anzaite-(Ce) is brittle and lacks cleavage; the density calculated on the basis of structural data is 5.054(6) g cm–3. The mineral is opaque and grey with a bluish hue in reflected light; its reflectance values range from 15–16% at 440 nm to 13–14% at 700 nm. Its infrared spectrum shows a prominent absorption band at 3475 cm–1indicative of OH–groups. The average chemical composition of anzaite-(Ce) gives the following empirical formula calculated on the basis of 18 oxygen atoms and two OH– groups: (Ce2.18Nd0.85La0.41Pr0.26Sm0.08Ca0.36Th0.01)Σ4.15Fe0.97(Ti5.68Nb0.22Si0.04)Σ5.94O18(OH)2. The mineral is monoclinic, space groupC2/m,a= 5.290(2),b= 14.575(6),c= 5.234(2) Å, β = 97.233(7)°,V= 400.4(5) Å3,Z= 1. The ten strongest lines in the X-ray micro-diffraction pattern are [dobsin Å (I)hkl]: 2.596 (100) 002; 1.935 (18) 170; 1.506 (14) 133; 1.286 (13) 1.11.0; 2.046 (12) 241; 1.730 (12) 003; 1.272 (12) 0.10.2; 3.814 (11) 111; 2.206 (9) 061; 1.518 (9) 172. The structure of anzaite-(Ce), refined by single-crystal techniques toR1= 2.1%, consists of alternating layers of type 1, populated byREE(+ minor Ca) in a square antiprismatic coordination and octahedrally coordinated Fe2+, and type 2, built of five-coordinate and octahedral Ti, stacked parallel to (001). This atomic arrangement is complicated by significant disorder affecting the Fe2+, five-coordinate Ti and two of the four anion sites. The order-disorder pattern is such that only one half of these positions in total occupy any given (010) plane, and the disordered (010) planes are separated by ordered domains comprisingREE, octahedral Ti and two anion sites occupied by O2–. Structural and stoichiometric relations between anzaite-(Ce) and otherREE-Ti (±Nb, Ta) oxides are discussed. The name anzaite-(Ce) is in honour of Anatoly N. Zaitsev of St Petersburg State University (Russia) and The Natural History Museum (UK), in recognition of his contribution to the study of carbonatites andREEminerals. The modifier reflects the prevalence of Ce over otherREEin the composition of the new mineral.
Macrophage receptor SR-AI is crucial to maintain normal plasma levels of coagulation factor X
Authors: Muczynski Vincent , Bazaa Amine , Loubière Cécile , Harel Amélie , Cherel Ghislaine , Denis Cécile V. , Lenting Peter J. , Christophe Olivier D. 
Published: November 2015

Key PointsSR-AI is the major receptor of FX at the macrophage surface. Macrophages use SR-AI to control FX circulatory levels.
A fixed point result and the stability problem in Lie superalgebras
Authors: Eshaghi Madjid , Abbaszadeh Sadegh , de la Sen Manuel , Farhad Zahra 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce the concept of normed Lie superalgebras and define the superhomomorphism and the superderivation in normed Lie superalgebras. We define a generalized T-orbitally complete metric space and prove a new fixed point alternative concerning the stability problem of functional equations. Consequently, we deal with the stability of the superhomomorphism and the superderivation in Lie superalgebras using that new fixed point result. In addition, we find some conditions under which an approximate superhomomorphism or superderivation is an exact superhomomorphism or superderivation.
Minimum wages and employment in China
Authors: Fang Tony , Lin Carl 
Published: November 2015

AbstractSince China promulgated new minimum wage regulations in 2004, the frequency and magnitude of changes in minimum wages have been substantial. This paper uses county-level minimum wage data combined with urban household survey micro-dataset from 16 representative provinces as a merged county-level panel to estimate the employment effects of minimum wage changes in China over the 2002–2009 period. In contrast to the mixed results reported by previous studies using provincial-level data, we present evidence that minimum wage changes led to significant adverse effects on employment in the Eastern and Central regions of China, and resulted in disemployment for females, young adults, and low-skilled workers.JEL classifications:J38
Association of eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF2B with fully solubilized CXCR4
Authors: Palmesino Elena , Apuzzo Tiziana , Thelen Sylvia , Mueller Bernd , Langen Hanno , Thelen Marcus 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Chemokine receptors are key regulators of leukocyte trafficking but also have an important role in development, tumor growth, and metastasis. Among the chemokine receptors, CXCR4 is the only one that leads to perinatal death when genetically ablated in mice, indicating a more-widespread function in development. To identify pathways that are activated downstream of CXCR4, a solubilization protocol was elaborated, which allows for the isolation of the endogenous receptor from human cells in its near-native conformation. Solubilized CXCR4 is recognized by the conformation-sensitive monoclonal antibody 12G5 and retains the ability to bind CXCL12 in solution, which was abolished in the presence of receptor antagonists. Mass spectrometry of CXCR4 immunoprecipitates revealed a specific interaction with the pentameric eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B. The observation that the addition of CXCL12 leads to the dissociation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B from CXCR4 suggests that stimulation of the receptor may trigger the local protein synthesis required for efficient cell movement.
Risk of Selected Cardiovascular Toxicities in Patients With Cancer Treated With MEK Inhibitors: A Comparative Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Omar , ElHalawani Hesham , Ahmed Hoda 
Published: November 2015

Purpose We conducted a literature-based meta-analysis of the risk of cardiovascular toxicities associated with MEK inhibitors. Methods Eligible trials included randomized phase II and III trials of patients with cancer who were given a mitogen activated protein (MAP)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK) inhibitor (trametinib, selumetinib, or cobimetinib) and that described events of hypertension and decreased ejection fraction. Results Our search strategy yielded 300 potentially relevant citations from PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. After ineligible studies were excluded, a total of 10 clinical trials were considered eligible for the meta-analysis. The relative risk for all grades of hypertension was 1.54 (95% CI, 1.02 to 2.32; P = .05), 1.85 (95% CI, 1.01 to 3.40; P = .05) for high-grade hypertension, and 4.92 (95% CI, 2.93 to 8.25; P < .001) for decreased ejection fraction. Subgroup analysis revealed no difference between trametinib and selumetinib for risk of hypertension. Conclusion Our meta-analysis demonstrated that MEK inhibitor–based treatment is associated with an increased risk of all-grade and high-grade hypertension and asymptomatic decrease in ejection fraction. Clinicians should be aware of this risk and perform regular assessment.
Evolution of the rendering services system for support of small business at a municipal level
Authors: Хаванова Наталья , Khavanova Natalya , Бокарева Елена , Bokareva Elena 
Published: November 2015

The modern economic theory, and also the realized state economic policy attach to small
business special and multidimensional significance. Thus for fuller and fast disclosure of high
potential of small business purposeful application of special measures for support of this sector
of economy, which are being carried out by the state at the different levels seniority is almost
justified. Such theoretical ideas and also based on them practical approach gained universal
acceptance and currency.
Russia didn&#180;t become an exception, because here in the 1990th years under the conditions
of economic reforms expansion and formation of sector of small business the state development
of system for its support was started.
The question of further development of small business exists in Russia at all levels today -
federal, regional and municipal. The possibility of acceleration of economy modernization in
Russia, its transfer to an innovative way of development, is looked through in its decision.
The infrastructure for support of small and medium business entities includes commercial
and non-profit organizations, which are created, carry out the activity or being involved as
providers with the purpose of placing orders for supplies of goods, the performance of work and
the rendering of services for state and municipal requirements within implementation of federal,
regional or municipal programs of development of small and medium business entities, which
ensure the conditions for creation of small and medium business entities.
Structural And Electrical Properties Of The Selected Rare-Earth Oxychlorides
Authors: Dziubaniuk M. , Wyrwa J. , Bućko M. , Rękas M. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The preparation and sintering conditions of the selected rare-earth oxychlorides REOCl (Re=La, Nd, Sm, Gd) were determined. The purity of materials phase compositions was confirmed by X-ray diffraction method. Further analysis of the data enabled lattice parameters and average grain size determination. The electrical properties of the single phase REOCl materials were investigated by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy in wide temperature range in atmospheric air. The spectra were analyzed by the equivalent circuit fitting. Basing on the values of equivalent circuits parameters the specific conductivities were calculated and presented in the Arrhenius coordinates. Energies of activation were calculated. The determined structural and electrical properties of four different rare-earth oxychlorides were directly compared.
Characteristics Of Sn-Zn Cast Alloys With The Addition Of Ag And Cu
Authors: Gancarz T. , Pstruś J. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effects of Ag and Cu on the thermal properties and microstructure of Sn-Zn-Ag-Cu cast alloys. Solders based on eutectic Sn-Zn containing 0.5 to 1.0 at.% of Ag and Cu were developed for wave soldering. DSC measurements were performed to determine the melting temperatures of the alloys. TMA and electrical resistivity measurements were performed between −50 and 150°C and between 30 and 150°C, respectively. Small precipitates of Cu5Zn8, CuZn4, and AgZn3 were observed in the microstructures, and their presence was confirmed by XRD measurements. The inclusion of Ag and Cu improved the electrical resistivity and increased the melting temperature, as well as the CTE, of the alloys. However, tests performed to measure the mechanical properties of the alloys demonstratedthat the addition of Ag and Cu caused the mechanical properties to decrease.
The Effect Of Different Micro-Jet Streams Number On Plastic Properties Of Welds
Authors: Hadryś D. , Węgrzyn T. , Piwnik J. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The main goal of that paper was analysing of plastic properties of welds made with micro-jet cooling. New technology of micro-jet welding could be regarded as a new way to improve plastic properties of welds. It allows to obtain welds with better properties in comparison to ordinary welding method. Moreover, it is possible to steering of weld structure and properties of the weld. During research Erichsen cupping tests and bending tests were carried out for welds made by MIG method with micro-jet cooling. Argon was cooling medium. Different numbers of micro-jet streams were used to weld cooling. Different plastic properties were obtained for different numbers of micro-jet streams. In this research welds made by new method of welding (welding with micro-jet cooling) were compared with welds made by ordinary welding method.
Analysis Of Deformation And Microstructural Evolution In The Hot Forgingof The Ti-6Al-4V Alloy
Authors: Kukuryk M. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The paper presents the analysis of the three-dimensional strain state for the cogging process of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy using the finite element method, assuming the rigid-plastic model of the deformed body. It reports the results of simulation studies on the metal flow pattern and thermal phenomena occurring in the hot cogging process conducted on three tool types. The computation results enable the determination of the distribution of effective strain, effective stress, mean stress and temperature within the volume of the blank. This solution has been complemented by adding the model of microstructure evolution during the cogging process. The numerical analysis was made using the DEFORM-3D consisting of a mechanical, a thermal and a microstructural parts. The comparison of the theoretical study and experimental test results indicates a potential for the developed model to be employed for predicting deformations and microstructure parameters.
Analysis Of The Austenite Grain Growth In Low-Alloy Boron Steel With High Resistance To Abrasive Wear
Authors: Białobrzeska B. , Dudziński W. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractToday low-alloy steels with boron achieve high resistance to abrasive wear and high strength. These features are obtained by using advanced technology of manufacturing. This makes boron steels increasingly popular and their application more diverse. Application of these steels can extend the lifetime of very expensive machine construction in many industries such as mining, the automotive, and agriculture industries. An interesting subgroup of these materials is steel with boron intended for heat treatment. These steels are supplied by the manufacturer after cold or hot rolling so that it is possible for them to be heat treated in a suitable manner by the purchaser for its specific application. Very important factor that determines the mechanical properties of final product is austenite grain growth occurring during hot working process such us quenching or hot rolling. Investigation of the effect of heating temperature and holding time on the austenite grain size is necessary to understand the growth behavior under different conditions. This article presents the result of investigation of austenite grain growth in selected low-allow boron steel with high resistance to abrasive wear and attempts to describe the influence of chemical composition on this process.
Direct Determination Of γ′ / γ′+γ / γ Phase Boundaries In Ni-Al-Cr System Based On Enthalpy Of Formation Results Obtained By Calorimetric Solution Method
Authors: Maciąg T. , Rzyman K. , Węcki B. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe work is a continuation of the research carried out on a high-temperature calorimeter solution type on alloys from Ni-Al-Cr system. Thanks to the construction innovation introduced by authors the device allows the determination of the formation enthalpy of alloys at ambient and elevated temperatures. Experiments described in this article were carried out at three temperatures: 873K, 996K and 1150K on the alloys of the chemical compositions from the Ni75Al25÷ Ni87Cr13section of the Ni-Al-Cr system. On the basis of changes in the enthalpy of formation with increasing chromium content of the alloys, points corresponding to places of phase boundaries γ′ / γ′+γ / γ in Ni-Al-Cr system were determined. A similar relationship was observed in previous studies of alloys from Ni75Al25÷Ni75Cr25section. For precise determination of these characteristic points a statistical model was applied
Density Of The Copper-Rich Cu-Pb-Fe Alloys
Authors: Sak T. , Kucharski M. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractDensity of the copper-rich corner of the ternary Cu-Pb-Fe alloys was determined with the dilatometric method. Investigated alloys had constant copper content equal to 0.9, 0.8 and 0.7 mole fraction, and varied iron concentration up to 0.1 mole fraction. A model predicting the density of ternary solution from knowledge of density of pure component and the excess of molar volume for limiting binaries is proposed.
The Influence A Crucible Arrangement On The Electrical Efficiency Of The Cold Crucible Induction Furnace
Authors: Smalcerz A. , Oleksiak B. , Siwiec G. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA big interest in application of cold crucible furnace (CCF) for industrial, particularly metallurgical, processes has been observed in recent years. They are mainly utilised for melting of metal, glass and other materials. Analyses of processes that occur in such devices are performed; however, computer modelling is rarely applied. As a precise determination of the electromagnetic field distribution is essential for a proper analysis of processes in furnaces with cold crucibles, a complex 3D model development is necessary. In the paper, effects of a crucible design and current frequency on the efficiency of the induction furnace with cold crucible are presented. Numerical calculations were performed with the use of the Flux 3D professional software.
Assessment Of Usability Of Molten Salt Mixtures In Metallurgy Of Aluminum Alloys And Recycling Of Composite Materials Based On The Matrix Of Al Alloys
Authors: Jackowski J. , Suchora-Kozakiewicz M. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Effectiveness of the slags used in metallurgy of aluminum alloys and in recycling of composite materials containing these alloys depends on their surface properties at the phase boundaries they are in contact with. An index of surface properties of molten mixtures of slag-forming salts has been formulated. Its calculated values are compared with measured results of surface tension (liquid – atmosphere) and interfacial tension (liquid – liquid) in the considered systems. It was found that the index can be helpful for purposes of proper choice of the mixtures of slag-forming salts used both in Al alloys metallurgy and in recycling of composite materials based on the matrix of Al alloys.
Beneficiation Of Chromium Waste By Means Of Magnetic And Gravitational Separation
Authors: Brożek M. , Surowiak A. , Jarosiński A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe paper presents the results of investigations of chromium recovery from the Cr waste mud, originating in the production of sodium dichromate. The differentiation of physical properties of particles of different contents of chromium and magnesium compounds is a premise for the use of physical separation methods. The investigations were performed on 2 waste samples, taken by random from the waste dump. The investigations of magnetic and gravity concentration for sample I and II were made, respectively. The results of screen and float and sink analyses of sample II indicate that it is possible to obtain Cr- and Mg-enriched products by means of a combined method of separation, i.e. hydraulic classification and, next, gravitational concentration on the shaking table. The concept of gravity concentration of the tested chromium waste was verified in the technical scale on multiboard shaking tables. The advantage of these fittings in relation to laboratory conditions is the possibility of separation of discussed waste without previous classification. The longer time of separation on the industrial shaking table as well as the respective amount of water directed to the process together with feed enabled an exact separation of initial material. The obtained concentrate in such conditions contains from 25 to 35% Cr2O3, depending on the chromium content in the initial waste material. It results from the fractional magnetic analysis of sample I that by means of the magnetic separation it is possible to obtain the magnetic concentrate of Cr2O3content minimum 20% and, simultaneously, to obtain the non-magnetic product of increased MgO content. The optimum separation conditions regarding the yield and content of Cr2O3were determined. The highest value of criterionKfor the grade of the concentrate containing over 20% of Cr2O3is obtained when the 10 mm diameter balls and the 1150 kA/m magnetic field intensity are applied. The yield of the concentrate equals about 9.5 % and recovery of Cr2O3almost 22%. In the non-magnetic product the content of Cr2O3equals 7.74% and MgO 27.36%.
Influence Of Lubricants On Wear Resistance Of Aluminum Alloy Strips Series 2XXX
Authors: Żaba K. , Kita P. , Nowosielski M. , Kwiatkowski M. , Madej M. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The article presents a properly planned and designed tests of the abrasive wear resistance 2024 aluminum alloy strips under friction conditions involving various lubricants. Test were focused on the selection of the best lubricant for use in industrial environment, especially for sheet metal forming. Three lubricants of the Orlen Oil Company and one used in the sheet metal forming industry, were selected for tests. Tests without the use of lubricant were performed for a comparison. The tester T-05 was used for testing resistance to wear. As the counter samples were used tool steel - NC6 and steel for hot working - WCL, which are typical materials used for tools for pressing. The results are presented in the form of the force friction, abrasion depth, weight loss and coefficient of friction depending on the lubricant used and the type of counter samples. The results allowed for predicting set lubricant-material for tools which can be applied to sheet metal made of aluminum alloy 2024.