bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concurrent Use of PGF2α, Vibrations to the Cervix Uteri and Amniotomy to Induce Labor After Intrauterine Fetal Death
Authors: Sorbe Bengt 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA triad consisting of (a) prostaglandin F2α infusion, (b) dilation of the uterine cervix by low frequency vibrations and (c) early low amniotomy was used to induce labor in ten women after intrauterine fetal death had occurred. Vaginal delivery was successful in all cases, with a mean induction‐to‐delivery interval of 5.4 ± 0.8 hours. Vibratory dilation effectively prepares the cervix for the intense prostaglandin‐induced uterine contractions and thereby reduces the risk of cervical laceration and fistula. The dilation of the cervical canal also makes an early low amniotomy possible and easy. This study demonstrates a highly effective, safe and relatively nontraumatic method for uterine evacuation after intrauterine fetal death.
Amniotic Fluid Levels of α‐Fetoprotein and Other Proteins in a Case of Turner's Syndrome of the Fetus
Authors: Cederqvist Lars L. , Cole John T. , Rothe Desider J. , Derman Richard J. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA 34‐year‐old primigravida underwent genetic amniocentesis at 20 weeks' gestation and the fetus was diagnosed as having Turner's syndrome. The concentration of α‐fetoprotein in amniotic fluid was greatly elevated. Normal concentrations of amniotic fluid total protein, albumin and immunoglobulin indicated that the elevated level of α‐fetoprotein was not the result of leakage through a hygroma, which has been previously suggested without supporting data in cases of Turner's syndrome of the fetus.
Fibrinolytic Activity of Menstrual Blood in Normal and Menorrhagic Women and in Women Wearing the Lippes Loop and the Cu‐T(200)
Authors: Hefnawi F. , Saleh A. , Kandil O. , El‐Sheikha Z. , Hassanein M. , Askalani H. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTAssessment was made of the fibrinolytic activity in menstrual and peripheral blood of 30 normally menstruating and 30 menorrhagic patients and of 30 women wearing Lippes Loops and 15 wearing CU‐T(200)s. Assessment was performed by measuring the area of lysis on heated and unheated fibrin plates. Also, histochemical identification of fibrin fibrils in the menstrual endometrium was performed by Mallory's phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin method. Results in the normally menstruating group were compared to those of the menorrhagic women, and together these were compared with results in the groups of women wearing intrauterine devices. The fibrinolytic activity in menstrual blood was significantly increased in menorrhagic patients compared to that in normally menstruating patients, but no significant difference was detected in the plasma of either group. The histochemical study of the normally menstruating endometrium revealed dense intravascular and extravascular deposits of fibrin. Less dense intravascular fibrin deposits, but no extravascular ones, were present in the menorrhagic patients. The increase in the fibrinolytic activity of menstrual blood and the decrease in the density of fibrin deposits in the menstrual endometrium of the menorrhagic women were thus associated and were probably involved in the excessive menstrual loss. The fibrinolytic activity of menstrual blood in women wearing Lippes Loops was higher than that in women with Cu‐T(200)s and was associated with decreased density of fibrin fibrils in the menstruating endometrium. This may explain the increased blood loss associated with the use of the Lippes Loop.
Studies in Menorrhagia: (a) Mefenamic Acid, (b) Endometrial Prostaglandin Concentrations
Authors: Haynes P. J. , Flint A. P. F. , Hodgson Helen , Anderson Anne B. M. , Dray F. , Turnbull A. C. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTTwenty‐two women with unexplained heavy menstrual blood loss (average loss for two cycles of >80 ml) were treated with the prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor mefenamic acid during two consecutive menstruations. There was a significant reduction in menstrual blood loss on mefenamic acid therapy, the median loss being 137 ml before treatment and 76 ml while on treatment. Reduction in menstrual loss was achieved in 20 of the 22 patients but varied from a 2% to 78% reduction. The greater the menstrual loss before treatment, the more it was reduced on mefenamic acid therapy. Endometrial concentrations of prostaglandins E2 and F2α in the follicular phase of the cycle were similar whether or not patients had menorrhagia. In the luteal phase, however, 6 of 14 patients with menorrhagia had higher endometrial prostaglandin E2 and F2α concentrations than all 13 controls.
Cortical Blindness in Preeclampsia
Authors: Grimes David A. , Ekbladh Lamar E. , McCartney William H. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA 15‐year‐old primigravida with severe preeclampsia at term developed blindness. Following delivery by cesarean section, her visual acuity returned promptly. Computerized tomography demonstrated bilateral cerebral lesions in the occipital cortex, which resolved partially by five days and completely by seven months after delivery. Persistent electroencephalogram abnormalities and transient episodes of blindness suggest the presence of residual cerebral damage.
Obstetric Neuropraxia in the Nigerian African
Authors: Bademosi O. , Osuntokun B. O. , van de Werd H. J. , Bademosi A. K. , Ojo O. A. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThe results of a prospective study of 34 Nigerian women with obstetric neuropraxia (puerperal paresis of the lower limbs) seen at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, are presented. The height of 29 (84%) was under 62 in (1.58 m). All were younger than 45, and 41% (14) were primiparous. Lumbosacral plexus injury with a foot‐drop was the most frequent presenting feature (88%), bilateral involvement was observed in 13 patients (38%), femoral neuropathy was observed in nine (26%) and the ankle tendon jerks were absent in 35%. Spastic paraparesis was not uncommon (15%). Results of electromyographic examination and determinations of conduction velocities were consistent with proximal neuropraxia of the lumbosacral trunk in many of them (88%). The presentation of the fetus was cephalic in 97% of the women. The major predisposing factor was prolonged labor. Among the complications associated with the neuropraxia were hydrometers above the pelvic brim and vesico‐ and rectovaginal fistulae. Perinatal mortality was high particularly with labor of more than 18 hours. Recovery from the neuropraxia was complete for 76% of the patients. It is concluded that direct pressure on the lumbosacral plexus and nerve trunks by the presenting fetal part is the major factor in the pathogenesis of obstetric neuropraxia encountered in Nigerians.
Acute Uterine Inversion: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Opaneye A. A. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTAcute inversion of the uterus is a serious but rare complication of the third stage of labor. The exact frequency of the complication is not known. Two cases seen and managed in the Obstetric Department of a district hospital are reported. The literature on this subject is reviewed; the possible causative factors and management techniques are discussed.
Neural Tube Defects in Association with Copper Intrauterine Devices
Authors: Graham David , Enkin Murray , deSa D. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTCopper‐bearing intrauterine devices are being increasingly used for contraception. A growing number of pregnancies, which may subsequently carry to term, are therefore being exposed to high levels of copper at the critical period of organogenesis, with risk of possible teratogenesis. Two cases of anencephaly occurring in association with these devices are reported.
Oral Contraceptive Use and Diseases of the Circulatory System in Taiwan: An Analysis of Mortality Statistics
Authors: Chow L. P. , Nair N. K. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTWhether or not increased prevalence of oral contraceptive use in developing countries is associated with increased morbidity and mortality from circulatory system diseases is a serious concern for health and family planning administrators. An analysis of Taiwan's mortality statistics to determine whether such an association existed was undertaken, taking advantage of the excellent vital statistics and medical care systems existing there. The analysis failed to demonstrate that death rates from circulatory system diseases among Taiwanese women of childbearing age have increased since the promotion of oral contraceptive use began in 1967. In fact, mortality from all forms of circulatory system diseases has generally declined since 1967, and the slopes of declines for females of childbearing age who were exposed to oral contraceptives were somewhat greater than those of males of the corresponding age groups.
Polyurethane conjugating TGF‐β on surface impacts local inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress in skeletal muscle
Authors: Shi Dandan , Xiao Jiangwei , Gu Ruicai , Wu Gang , Liao Hua 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe synthesized short peptide‐polymers would provide key functions for tissue regeneration and repair, through enriching bioactive molecules on polymers or releasing these molecules pre‐conjugated on the materials. We have developed a degradable polyurethane (PU) bearing HSNGLPL peptide, which has affinity binding ability to transforming growth factor‐betas (TGF‐β). For deeply understanding spatial release of TGF‐β from the PU polymers and its localized bioactivity, quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and Elisa test were used to verify TGF‐β binding capacities in vitro and in vivo. The PU polymers, with or without pre‐conjugating of TGF‐β, were implanted into gastronomies muscle (GN) of C57BL/6 mice, for addressing TGF‐β release from the polymers and its bio‐regulating function in vivo. QCM result shows that PU bearing HSNGLPL peptide has affinity binding ability to TGF‐β in vitro. Intramuscular implanting experiment further supports the enrichment efficiency of TGF‐β on PU polymers in vivo. The detecting data involving intramuscular inflammatory infiltration triggered by the implants, myofiber regeneration, muscular fibrosis degree, and activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress), evidence TGF‐β can be released from PU polymers, and exerts regulating effects on the material‐induced inflammation. Thus, our present results suggest it is feasible to improve biocompatibility of PU polymers in vivo, by pre‐bearing bioactive molecules on materials before the implanting. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 1156–1165, 2017.
Variations of Soil Organic Carbon Following Land Use Change on Deep‐Loess Hillsopes in China
Authors: Gao Xiaodong , Meng Tingting , Zhao Xining 
Published: January 2017

AbstractLand use change is a key factor driving changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) around the world. However, the changes in SOC following land use changes have not been fully elucidated, especially for deep soils (>100 cm). Thus, we investigated the variations of SOC under different land uses (cropland, jujube orchard, 7‐year‐old grassland and 30‐year‐old grassland) on hillslopes in the Yuanzegou watershed of the Loess Plateau in China based on soil datasets related to soils within the 0–100 cm. Furthermore, we quantified the contribution of deep‐layer SOC (200–1,800 cm) to that of whole soil profiles based on soil datasets within the 0–1,800 cm. The results showed that in shallow profiles (0–100 cm), land uses significantly (p < 0·05) influenced the distribution of SOC contents and stocks in surface layer (0–20 cm) but not subsurface layers (20–100 cm). Pearson correlation analysis indicated that soil texture fractions and totalNwere significantly (p < 0·05 or 0·01) correlated with SOC content, which may have masked effects of land use change on SOC. In deep profiles (0–1,800 cm), SOC stock generally decreased with soil depth. But deep soils showed high SOC sequestration capacity. The SOC accumulated in the 100–1,800 m equalled 90·6%, 91·6%, 87·5% and 88·6% of amounts in the top 100 cm under cropland, 7‐year‐old grassland, 30‐year‐old grassland and jujube orchard, respectively. The results provide insights into SOC dynamics following land use changes and stressed the importance of deep‐layer SOC in estimating SOC inventory in deep loess soils. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spectral wave dissipation by submerged aquatic vegetation in a back‐barrier estuary
Authors: Nowacki Daniel J. , Beudin Alexis , Ganju Neil K. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSubmerged aquatic vegetation is generally thought to attenuate waves, but this interaction remains poorly characterized in shallow‐water field settings with locally generated wind waves. Better quantification of wave–vegetation interaction can provide insight to morphodynamic changes in a variety of environments and also is relevant to the planning of nature‐based coastal protection measures. Toward that end, an instrumented transect was deployed across a Zostera marina (common eelgrass) meadow in Chincoteague Bay, Maryland/Virginia, U.S.A., to characterize wind‐wave transformation within the vegetated region. Field observations revealed wave‐height reduction, wave‐period transformation, and wave‐energy dissipation with distance into the meadow, and the data informed and calibrated a spectral wave model of the study area. The field observations and model results agreed well when local wind forcing and vegetation‐induced drag were included in the model, either explicitly as rigid vegetation elements or implicitly as large bed‐roughness values. Mean modeled parameters were similar for both the explicit and implicit approaches, but the spectral performance of the explicit approach was poor compared to the implicit approach. The explicit approach over‐predicted low‐frequency energy within the meadow because the vegetation scheme determines dissipation using mean wavenumber and frequency, in contrast to the bed‐friction formulations, which dissipate energy in a variable fashion across frequency bands. Regardless of the vegetation scheme used, vegetation was the most important component of wave dissipation within much of the study area. These results help to quantify the influence of submerged aquatic vegetation on wave dynamics in future model parameterizations, field efforts, and coastal‐protection measures.
In vivo imaging of the progression of acute lung injury using hyperpolarized [1‐13C] pyruvate
Authors: Pourfathi Mehrdad , Xin Yi , Kadlecek Stephen J. , Cereda Maurizio F. , Profka Harrilla , Hamedani Hooman , Siddiqui Sarmad M. , Ruppert Kai , Drachman Nicholas A. , Rajaei Jennia N. , Rizi Rahim R. 
Published: January 2017

PurposeTo investigate pulmonary metabolic alterations during progression of acute lung injury.MethodsUsing hyperpolarized [1‐13C] pyruvate imaging, we measured pulmonary lactate and pyruvate in 15 ventilated rats 1, 2, and 4 h after initiation of mechanical ventilation. Lung compliance was used as a marker for injury progression. 5 untreated rats were used as controls; 5 rats (injured‐1) received 1 ml/kg and another 5 rats (injured‐2) received 2 ml/kg hydrochloric acid (pH 1.25) in the trachea at 70 min.ResultsThe mean lactate‐to‐pyruvate ratio of the injured‐1 cohort was 0.15 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 at baseline and 1 h after the injury, and significantly increased from the baseline value 3 h after the injury to 0.23 ± 0.02 (P = 0.002). The mean lactate‐to‐pyruvate ratio of the injured‐2 cohort decreased from 0.14 ± 0.03 at baseline to 0.08 ± 0.02 1 h after the injury and further decreased to 0.07 ± 0.02 (P = 0.08) 3 h after injury. No significant change was observed in the control group. Compliance in both injured groups decreased significantly after the injury (P < 0.01).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that in severe cases of lung injury, edema and hyperperfusion in the injured lung tissue may complicate interpretation of the pulmonary lactate‐to‐pyruvate ratio as a marker of inflammation. However, combining the lactate‐to‐pyruvate ratio with pulmonary compliance provides more insight into the progression of the injury and its severity. Magn Reson Med 78:2106–2115, 2017. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Determinants of long‐term weight change among middle‐aged Swedish women
Authors: El Reda Darline , Ström Peter , Sandin Sven , Oh Jin‐Kyoung , Adami Hans‐Olov , Löf Marie , Weiderpass Elisabete 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveTo describe the determinants of 12‐year weight change among middle‐aged women in Sweden.MethodsIn 1991/1992, 49,259 women across Sweden were recruited into a cohort. In 2003, 34,402 (73%) completed follow‐up. Lifestyle and health characteristics including weight were collected, and 12‐year weight change and substantial weight gain (≥+5.0 kg) were calculated; association between baseline characteristics and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of substantial weight gain were estimated.ResultsDuring the 12‐year follow‐up, 81% of women experienced weight gain. Being above average weight (64.5 kg) at baseline (OR =1.20, 95% CI: 1.14–1.26) and smoking 1 to 9 (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.01–1.20), 10 to 19 (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.21–1.39), or ≥20 cigarettes daily (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.04–1.32) increased a woman's odds of experiencing substantial weight gain (influenced by smoking cessation). In contrast, risk of substantial weight gain was reduced among women 45 to 50 years of age (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.73–0.85), women reporting high alcohol consumption (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.83–0.98), and those with medium (OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.87–1.00) or high (OR 0.83, 95% CI: 0.77–0.90) physical activity levels.ConclusionsThe majority of women experienced weight gain during middle age. Population‐specific determinants of weight gain should guide obesity prevention efforts.
Obesity coverage gap: Consumers perceive low coverage for obesity treatments even when workplace wellness programs target BMI
Authors: Wilson Elizabeth Ruth , Kyle Theodore K. , Nadglowski Joseph F. , Stanford Fatima Cody 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveEvidence‐based obesity treatments, such as bariatric surgery, are not considered essential health benefits under the Affordable Care Act. Employer‐sponsored wellness programs with incentives based on biometric outcomes are allowed and often used despite mixed evidence regarding their effectiveness. This study examines consumers' perceptions of their coverage for obesity treatments and exposure to workplace wellness programs.MethodsA total of 7,378 participants completed an online survey during 2015–2016. Respondents answered questions regarding their health coverage for seven medical services and exposure to employer wellness programs that target weight or body mass index (BMI). Using χ2 tests, associations between perceptions of exposure to employer wellness programs and coverage for medical services were examined. Differences between survey years were also assessed.ResultsMost respondents reported they did not have health coverage for obesity treatments, but more of the respondents with employer wellness programs reported having coverage. Neither the perception of coverage for obesity treatments nor exposure to wellness programs increased between 2015 and 2016.ConclusionsEven when consumers have exposure to employer wellness programs that target BMI, their health insurance often excludes obesity treatments. Given the clinical and cost‐effectiveness of such treatments, reducing that coverage gap may mitigate obesity's individual‐ and population‐level effects.
Feedback‐charging a metallic island
Authors: Schaller Gernot 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe consider electronic transport through a single‐electron quantum dot that is tunnel‐coupled to an electronic lead and a metallic island. A background reservoir keeps the metallic island at a thermal state with the ambient temperature, while the charge accumulated on the island is reflected in a time‐dependent chemical potential. Without feedback, a current would flow through the system until the chemical potentials of island and lead are equilibrated. A feedback loop can be implemented by a quantum point contact detecting the dot state, classical processing of the result, and appropriate feedback actions on the electronic tunneling rates taken, with the objective to direct the current in a preferred direction. Since we directly take the detector counting statistics into account, this automatically includes measurement errors in the description. When mainly the rates are modified but hardly any energy is exchanged with the system, this feedback loop effectively implements a Maxwell demon, capable of transporting electrons against an electric bias and thereby charging the metallic island. Once the feedback protocol is stopped, the metallic island simply discharges. We find that a quantitative detector model may be useful for a realistic statistical description of feedback loops.Sketch of the model. The system (S) consists of a single‐electron transistor (SET) dot that can be occupied with at most a single electron. It is tunnel‐coupled to a lead (R) held at a fixed thermal equilibrium state and to a metallic island (L). The metallic island is held at a fixed temperature by an additional background reservoir (bg), with which it can exchange energy but no particles (shaded contact region). Its chemical potential would normally evolve until . A simple feedback loop can be implemented by measuring the state of the system with a quantum point contact (dt), classical signal processing (SP), and using the gate controls (GC) to obtain occupation‐dependent tunneling rates. With feedback active, it is possible to charge the island (). Expressions in brackets (green) denote abbreviations used in the paper.
Adverse event associated with auriculotherapy
Authors: Morita Akira , Shimada Hirobumi , Yagi Akio , Nagamine Koichi , Nagai Chigusa , Ryu Koichi , Takano Shizuko , Okamoto Hideki , Hirasaki Yoshiro , Namiki Takao 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
CaseA 76‐year‐old man with tympanic membrane perforation and hearing loss in the right ear since childhood was hospitalized in September 2015 due to deterioration of renal function. On cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate possible cerebrovascular disorder, an artifact was observed. Further, cranial computed tomography (CT) showed seven metallic objects in the region extending from the right external ear canal to the right middle ear.OutcomeThe objects were determined to be acupressure pellets measuring 1 mm in diameter.ConclusionTaking careful history of any prior ear disease is essential, as is the conducting of thorough examination for tympanic membrane perforation. Use of acupressure pellets on the anterior auricle should be avoided in patients with tympanic membrane perforation.
Utilization of peers in services for youth with emotional and behavioral challenges: A scoping review
Authors: Gopalan Geetha , Lee Sang Jung , Harris Ryan , Acri Mary C. , Munson Michelle R. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThis scoping review synthesizes published and unpublished information on Youth Peer Support Services (YPSS), where young adults with current or prior mental health challenges provide support services to other youth and young adults currently struggling with similar difficulties. Existing published and unpublished “grey” literature were reviewed, yielding 30 programs included for data extraction and qualitative syntheses using a descriptive analytic framework. Findings identify variations in service delivery structures, program goals, host service systems, peer roles, core competencies, training and supervision needs, outcomes for youth and young adult consumers, as well as organizational readiness needs to integrate YPSS. Recommendations for future research, practice, and policy include more studies evaluating the unique impact of YPSS using rigorous methodological study designs, identifying developmentally appropriate training/supervision strategies and overall service costs and financing options, as well as distinguishing YPSS from other peer models with regard to certification and billing.