bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Significance of Bond-based Attachments for Ecumenical Approachment
Authors: Oancea Dorin Zosim 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Cultural differences between Christian denominations, or even among members of one and the same denomination, are able to undermine their ecumenical efforts, to foster differences and tensions, instead of overcoming them. An example in this respect is the hostility with which some of the Orthodox met the Document on Ecumenism of the 2016 Holy and Great Council of the Orthodox in Crete. Why is it so? There are several ways to explain these developments. We try to find an explanation in early bondings, as understood through different attachment theories. We do this by asking three questions: Which is the general importance of bondings? Which is their significance for the Christian understanding of a person? Can they be regarded as an advantage or a disadvantage during the ecumenical becoming of a certain confessional identity?
No counts, no variance: allowing for loss of degrees of freedom when assessing biological variability from RNA-seq data
Authors: Lun Aaron T. L. , Smyth Gordon K. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is widely used to study gene expression changes associated with treatments or biological conditions. Many popular methods for detecting differential expression (DE) from RNA-seq data use generalized linear models (GLMs) fitted to the read counts across independent replicate samples for each gene. This article shows that the standard formula for the residual degrees of freedom (d.f.) in a linear model is overstated when the model contains fitted values that are exactly zero. Such fitted values occur whenever all the counts in a treatment group are zero as well as in more complex models such as those involving paired comparisons. This misspecification results in underestimation of the genewise variances and loss of type I error control. This article proposes a formula for the reduced residual d.f. that restores error control in simulated RNA-seq data and improves detection of DE genes in a real data analysis. The new approach is implemented in the quasi-likelihood framework of the edgeR software package. The results of this article also apply to RNA-seq analyses that apply linear models to log-transformed counts, such as those in the limma software package, and more generally to any count-based GLM where exactly zero fitted values are possible.
Angels, warriors, and beacons: Totemic law, territorial coding, and monumental sculpture in post-industrial landscapes
Authors: Lippens Ronnie 
Published: June 2017

AbstractNational or local authorities regularly commission artists to build or construct sculptures and artworks destined for a place in a public space. Some of those sculptures and artworks are monumentally huge. Positioned in the open landscape, they are visible from a considerable distance. This contribution focuses on three such sculptures in the United Kingdom. The first, “Angel of the North,” was completed in 1998 and is standing at Gateshead in the North East of England. The second, “Anglo Saxon Warrior,” has not yet been built to a massive scale – although smaller, life-size versions were – but some debate has taken place in Stoke-on-Trent in North Staffordshire in the West Midlands about the possibility and remote likelihood of its construction. The third, “Golden,” is, however, at the time of writing, in the process of being assembled with an eye on erecting it, in 2014, at the very same location, Stoke-on-Trent. Proposals for all aforementioned artworks emerged against the backdrop of regional de-industrialization and were, at least partly, devised as an answer to economic and social deprivation in both regional localities. In this contribution an effort is made to tease out the symbolic intricacies embedded in all three artworks. Although all include references to what could be called the eternal origins of a mythical common law universe, each suggests, projects, and attempts to encode a moral and legal order in quite distinctly different ways.
Saussure et la science du langage
Authors: Caputo Cosimo 
Published: June 2017

RésuméAprès l’épisode philologique et la découverte de nouveaux manuscrits, la figure et l’œuvre de Ferdinand de Saussure apparaissent beaucoup plus riches et complexes. Le Saussure d’aujourd’hui “se détache,” se retire de ce qu’il lui est arrivé, malgré lui, de devenir: le chef de file d’une linguistique forte, centrée exclusivement sur la langue, ou sur le système. Aujourd’hui son penser revient interroger la sémiolinguistique de même qu’il le fit en son temps avec la linguistique comparée. “Sciencesdu langage”: c’est la définition employée par le linguiste suisse lui-même qui saisit l’esprit scientifique saussurien mieux que “linguistique générale,” cette dernière conduisant plutôt vers un abandon tacite des langues réelles, de leur différence et de leur mobilité. Une critique avant la lettre de la majeure partie du Structuralisme se réclamant précisément de Saussure.
The Efficiency of an Active Generator in the Case of a Deep Foundation Location
Authors: Herbut Aneta 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This paper presents a concept for vibration-mitigation techniques with the potential to reduce ground vibration amplitudes by applying an additional vibration source. The idea of an additional generator is verified in the case of an impact load for the points located on the ground surface and below it. Equations of motion for the damped transversally isotropic ground model with the absorbing boundary conditions are presented and numerically integrated using FlexPDE software, based on the finite element method. The efficiency of the solution is analyzed in terms of reducing the vertical and horizontal components. Results are presented in the form of a dimensionless amplitude reduction factor. In each case being analyzed, a vibration mitigation effect in a three-story building was achieved.
Stress-Dilatancy for Soils. Part IV: Experimental Validation for Simple Shear Conditions
Authors: Szypcio Zenon 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This paper validates the frictional state theory using published experimental data from simple, direct and ring shear tests. Simple shear is treated as a special case of plane strain conditions. In order to define complete stress and strain, additional assumptions are made: in the direct shear and ring shear tests, simple shear is assumed to occur in the shear band. For Φo = Φ′cv = Φ′r, the stress-dilatancy relationship obtained from the frictional state theory is similar to the relationships proposed by Taylor and Bolton. Further experiments, especially those that use a hollow cylindrical shear apparatus, are necessary to fully validate the frictional state theory in simple shear conditions.
The grain size distribution of settled sediment within storage reservoir Otmuchów
Authors: Głowski Robert , Kasperek Robert 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The grain size distribution of settled sediment within storage reservoir Otmuchów. The river Nysa Kłodzka is flowing through the flat-reduction Otmuchów. There are localized two storage reservoirs Otmuchów and Nysa. The first of these reservoirs have been constructed in the period 1928-1933 and the filling was completed in 1934. Reservoir Nysa was completed in 1971. Both reservoirs are located within walking distance of each other, creating since 1971 cascade. Reservoir Otmuchów is located above the Nysa reservoir what cause, that in the bowl of the Otmuchów reservoir, the significant part of transported by Nysa Kłodzka sediments is deposited. When established after the 1997 flood damming levels, summer and winter, the length of the reservoir Otmuchów is suitably from 4.5 to 5 km. At the maximum impoundment level and a maximal capacity of 130.45 million m3 the reservoir length reach approx. 7 km. From the analysis of the satellite image can be seen advancing silting of the reservoir Otmuchów especially in the estuary zone of the Nysa Kłodzka. Obtained archival data about changes of the sediment grain size distribution in the longitudinal reservoir profile cover only the region of the still capacity extending a distance of 3 km from the cross-section of the dam. In this zone the fine particles of the suspended load with characteristic diameters ranging from 0.030 to 0.088 mm were embedded. In 2010, the authors presented the results of preliminary analysis of the silting process of the reservoir Otmuchów. The authors pointed out that there is a lack of the data about the dimension of the particles embedded in the usable capacity and flood capacity reserve (above 3 km from the dam) causing visible on satellite photo silting. This paper presents the results of the sediment grain size distribution in the usable capacity of the reservoir and in the estuary region of the Nysa Kłodzka located in flood capacity reserve, obtained from the sediment samples analysis. Obtained results allowed to supplement the image of the particle size distribution of the sediment being deposited in the reservoir Otmuchów longitudinal profile and an evaluation of the parameters of mobility rubble with fixed diameters.
Roughness parameters as the elements of surface condition and deformation assessment based on the results of TLS scanning
Authors: Kowalska Maria E. , Zaczek-Peplinska Janina 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Roughness parameters as the elements of surface condition and deformation assessment based on the results of TLS scanning. Roughness is the attribute of a surface that can be defined as a collection of small surface unevennesses that can be identified optically or detected mechanically which do not result from the surface’s shape and their size depends on a material type as well as on undergone processing. The most often utilised roughness parameters are: Ra - mean distance value of the points on the observed profile from the average line on the sampling length, and Rz - difference between arithmetic mean height of the five highest peaks and arithmetic mean depth of the five deepest valleys regarding to the average line on the length of the measured fragment. In practice, roughness parameters are most often defined for surface elements that require relevant manufacturing or processing through grinding, founding or polishing in order to provide the expected surface roughness. To measure those parameters for the produced elements profilometers are used. In this paper the authors present an alternative approach of determining and utilising such parameters. Instead of the utilising methods based on sampling length measurement, roughness parameters are determined on the basis of point clouds, that represent a surface of rough concrete, obtained through terrestrial laser scanning. The authors suggest using the surface roughness parameter data acquired in this way as a supplementary data in the condition assessment (erosion rate) of surfaces being a part of engineering constructions made of concrete.
Conditionals in Interaction
Authors: Trafford James 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThere are several issues with the standard approach to the relationship between conditionals and assertions, particularly when the antecedent of a conditional is (or may be) false. One prominent alternative is to say that conditionals do not express propositions, but rather make conditional assertions that may generate categorical assertions of the consequent in certain circumstances. However, this view has consequences that jar with standard interpretations of the relationship between proofs and assertion. Here, I analyse this relationship, and say that, on at least one understanding of proof, conditional assertions may reflect the dynamics of proving, which (sometimes) generate categorical assertions. In particular, when we think about the relationship between assertion and proof as rooted in a dialogical approach to both, the distinction between conditional and categorical assertions is quite natural.
The role of attitudes to, and the frequency of, domestic violence encounters in the healthcare professionals’ handling of domestic violence cases
Authors: Zorjan Saša , Smrke Urška , Šprah Lilijana 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Background
Domestic violence is recognized as a public health problem with a high prevalence in the general population. Healthcare professionals play an important role in the recognition and treatment of domestic violence. Hence, conducting research on factors that facilitate or inhibit appropriate actions by healthcare professionals is of the upmost importance. The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between healthcare professionals’ attitudes toward the acceptability of domestic violence and their responses when dealing with victims of domestic violence.

Methods
The sample consisted of 322 healthcare professionals (physicians, dentists, nursing staff and other healthcare workers; 85.2% female), who completed a questionnaire, assessing their attitudes towards domestic violence, experience, behaviour and perceived barriers in recognizing and treating domestic violence in the health care sector. The study was cross-sectional and used availability sampling.

Results
The results showed no significant differences in domestic violence acceptability attitudes when comparing groups of healthcare professionals who reported low or high frequency of domestic violence cases encounters. Furthermore, we found that domestic violence acceptability attitudes were negatively associated with action taking when the frequency of encounters with domestic violence cases was high and medium. However, the attitudes were not associated with action taking when the frequency of encounters with domestic violence cases was low.

Conclusions
The results highlight the important role of attitudes in action taking of healthcare professionals when it comes to domestic violence. This indicates the need for educational interventions that specifically target healthcare professionals’ attitudes towards domestic violence.
Nikolai Leskov’s national economies: An investigation of work and commerce
Authors: Zink Andrea 
Published: June 2017

SummaryEconomic and national questions often go hand in hand in Leskov’s work, and their combination makes one of the author’s strategies particularly apparent: In the economic actions of his characters, he takes the rivalry of the nations to the point of absurdity. But work and economics, commerce and craftsmanship also permeate Leskov’s texts from within: Writing itself is an economic proposition. The paper presents Leskov’s narrative economies with particular reference to his storiesSkaz o Tul’skom kosom Levshe i o stal’noi blokheandZheleznaia volia. Unlike the majority of his contemporaries, Leskov gives prominence to the Russian “third estate” – craftsmen, merchants and small businessmen – yet he also questions the morality of the market, expresses scepticism regarding the burgeoning industrialisation in Russia, and criticises political interference in economic processes.
Das mythologische Bild des Teufels als Pflüger in der slawischen mündlichen Volksliteratur
Authors: Gábor Ľubomír 
Published: June 2017

Summary
In the presented paper the motive of the devil in the folk narrative literature of the west Slavic regions will be analysed. The text corpus consists of orally handed down folk tales. In these sources the devil is presented as a contradictory demonic creature, who signs an agreement on the division of spheres of power. This agreement will be confirmed with magical ploughing as a cosmogonic act. In the paper will also be submitted a hypothesis about the functional similarity of the folk tales devil with the old Slavic mythological system based on old Indo-European sources. The paper attempts to prove, that the cosmogonic act of the devil in the folk tales could be connected with aspects of the Indo-European first functional duality of the Gods-Sovereigns Mitra-Varuna based on description and analysis of Georges Dumézil.
The Representativity of Election Polls
Authors: Bethlehem Jelke 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Election polls are conducted in many countries during election campaigns. Provided such polls are set up and carried out correctly, they can give an accurate indication of the voting intentions of people. However, the last couple of years these polls seem to be less able to predict election results. Examples are the polls for the general election in the UK of 2015, the Brexit referendum in the UK, and the presidential election in the US of 2016. The polls in the UK and the US have all in common that they are either telephone polls or online polls. It is shown in this paper that both type of polls suffer from lack of representativity. The compositions of their samples differ from that of the population. This can have several causes. For telephone polls, problems are mainly caused by increasing nonresponse rates, and lack of proper sampling frames. Most online polls are based on samples from web panels that are recruited by means of self-selection instead of random samples. Such web panels also not representative. The paper analyses the shortcomings of these election polls. The problems are illustrated by describing the polls in the UK and the US in some more detail.
A Demographic Peace? Youth Bulges and Other Population-Related Causes of Domestic Conflict
Authors: Wagschal Uwe , Metz Thomas 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe following article analyzes violent political conflicts. Starting from theoretical debates on the determinants of violent conflicts, it focuses on intrastate conflicts. The main explanatory factors which are analyzed from different perspectives are demographic factors. Not only the size of the population or the population density is relevant, but also the so-called youth bulge. Youth bulges, i.e. large cohorts of young people, are the main driving forces of war. Especially variants like male youth bulges are highly significant in the empirical analysis. The article uses different data sets for the analysis, like the Global Peace Index and the CONIS data. Various statistical methods are used in the analysis. The article also draws attention to intervening factors, which might intensify or lessen the impact of the youth bulge.
Evaluation of H-800/FUS-100 automatic urine analyzer performance
Authors: Ercan Müjgan , Oğuz Esra Fırat , Kaya Oğuzhan , Yılmaz Fatma Meriç 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Objective
Automated urine analysis is usually preferred for laboratories with intensive workload. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the automated urine analyser H-800/FUS-100 and detect the error sources.

Materials and methods
One thousand four hundred fifty nine fresh urine samples were analyzed with H-800/FUS-100 automated systems. The urine sediment of the samples with discrepant strip and microscopy results were confirmed by manual microscopy. Precision and carry over studies were performed.

Results
The discrepancy is detected in a ratio of 5.89% between chemical analysis (H-800) and microscopic analysis (FUS-100) of the device. A total of 86 discrepant samples were detected. Fifty six of 86 were erythrocyte discrepancies (65.1%) and 30 of 86 were leukocyte discrepancies (34.9%). The results of carry over analysis for erythrocyte and leukocyte were 21.85% and 13.64%, respectively.

Conclusions
Sixteen (1.09%) of 1459 patients’ results in FUS-100 were discrepant with manual microscopy. Commonly, yeasts and crystals affected erythrocyte counts and calcium oxalate and amorphous crystals affected the leukocyte counts. Images should be reviewed for every sample when automated systems are used for urine analysis. Especially if discrepancy is detected between chemical and microscobic analysis, the results should also be confirmed with manual microscopy.
Measure constructions with relative measures: Towards a syntax of non-conservative construals
Authors: Ahn Dorothy , Sauerland Uli 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRelative measures such aspercentandthirdsrelate one quantity to another. We observe that, in several languages, determiner phrases containing relative measures can express two distinct construals: (1) The ‘conservative’ construal inThe company hired 75 % of the womenconsiders the ratio of the company’s female hires to all women. (2) The ‘non-conservative construal’ inThe company hired 75 % womenis instead concerned with the ratio of the company’s female hires to all the company’s hires. We show that other languages that distinguish the two construals using morphosyntactic means include German, Korean, Georgian, Greek, French, Italian, Brazilian Portuguese, and Romanian. We argue that the non-conservative construal involves a different constituency of the measure construction. Both construals, however, derive from a structure where the measure structure forms a single DP. Therefore, our analysis of the non-conservative structures makes an argument that the Conservativity Universal may apply at an abstract level of structure rather than at the surface level.
Free Choice under Ellipsis
Authors: Crnič Luka 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe ellipsis of a VP whose antecedent contains an occurrence of so-called free choiceanyis highly constrained: it is acceptable only if the elided VP is appropriately embedded. We show that while this is unexpected on the common approaches to free choice and ellipsis, it is predicted on a theory ofanythat takes its domain to stand in a dependency relation with a c-commanding alternative-sensitive operator (cf. Lahiri 1998, Focus and negative polarity in Hindi.Natural Language Semantics6(1). 57–123) and that takes free choice inferences to be generated by covert exhaustification in grammar (e.g., Fox 2007, Free choice and the theory of scalar implicatures. In Uli Sauerland & Penka Stateva (eds.),Presupposition and implicature in compositional semantics, 71–120. Palgrave Macmillan; Chierchia 2013,Logic in grammar. Oxford: Oxford University Press).
Tundra Nenets consonant sandhi as coalescence
Authors: Staroverov Peter , Kavitskaya Darya 
Published: June 2017

AbstractConsonant cluster simplification in Tundra Nenets coexists with other consonantal alternations, such as fricative strengthening, lenition of stops, and a variety of NC-effects, which all apply within the same phrasal domain. These processes interact with each other, suggesting an opaque ordering within the same post-lexical domain and thus presenting a challenge not only for inherently parallel theories like classical Optimality Theory, but also for the cyclic derivational approaches such as Stratal OT. We analyze all instances of Tundra Nenets cluster simplification as coalescence and show that a variety of apparently opaque alternations accompanying cluster simplification can be seen as transparent on this account. We also argue that strengthening in consonant clusters is caused by an intermediate stage where coda obstruents lose their place and turn into a glottal stop.
Grammaticalization of auxiliaries and parametric changes
Authors: Alboiu Gabriela , Hill Virginia 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper looks at constructions with non-clitic auxiliaries in Old Romanian, which precede the generalized option for clitic auxiliaries in the same language. We argue that non-clitic auxiliaries belong to a grammar with genuine SVO, scrambling to Spec, AspP, and subject-auxiliary inversion (SAI as AUX-to Fin). The generalization of the clitic auxiliary entails the loss of these properties, while triggering a parametric shift in word order to VSO, discourse oriented fronting of constituents (to CP only instead of Spec, AspP), and Long Head Movement (LHM through V-to-Focus) instead of SAI. Implicitly, this analysis supports the distinction between A (AUX-to-Fin) and A-bar (V-to-Focus) head movement of verbal elements, and further refines it by showing that these two types of movement do not concern two specific types of heads (i.e., operator for the C domain versus non-operator for the T domain; Roberts 2001, Head movement. In Mark Baltin & Chris Collins (eds.),