bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Ovality in Inlet Pigtail Pipe Bends Under Combined Internal Pressure and In-Plane Bending for Ni-Fe-Cr B407 Material
Authors: Ramaswami P. , Velmurugan P. Senthil , Rajasekar R. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The present paper makes an attempt to depict the effect of ovality in the inlet pigtail pipe bend of a reformer under combined internal pressure and in-plane bending. Finite element analysis (FEA) and experiments have been used. An incoloy Ni-Fe-Cr B407 alloy material was considered for study and assumed to be elastic-perfectly plastic in behavior. The design of pipe bend is based on ASME B31.3 standard and during manufacturing process, it is challenging to avoid thickening on the inner radius and thinning on the outer radius of pipe bend. This geometrical shape imperfection is known as ovality and its effect needs investigation which is considered for the study. The finite element analysis (ANSYS-workbench) results showed that ovality affects the load carrying capacity of the pipe bend and it was varying with bend factor (h). By data fitting of finite element results, an empirical formula for the limit load of inlet pigtail pipe bend with ovality has been proposed, which is validated by experiments.
The diagnostic value of serum microRNA-183 and TK1 as biomarkers for colorectal cancer diagnosis
Authors: Zhu Xiangrong , Wang Xiongtie , Chen Xihua 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the serum levels of microRNA-183 (miR-183) and thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) in colorectal cancer patients and their clinical value as biomarkers for colorectal cancer auxiliary diagnosis.MethodsForty-six pathology confirmed colorectal cancer patients and 46 healthy controls were included in this study. The serum levels of miR-183 and TK1 in colorectal cancer patients and healthy controls were examined by real-time PCR and chemiluminescence detection assay respectively. The diagnostic value of serum miR-183 and TK1 as tumor biomarkers for colorectal cancer detection was evaluated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsThe median serum relative expression of miR-183 was 1.33 (0.34-5.65) and 0.88 (0.26-4.67) in colorectal cancer patients and healthy controls respectively with significant statistical difference (p<0.05). Using serum miR-183 as the diagnostic reference, the colorectal cancer diagnosis sensitivity, specificity and AUC was 65.22%, 63.04% and 0.69 respectively. The median serum level of TK1 was 3.33 (0.78-5.78) pmol/L and 0.99 (0.34-4.46) pmol/L in colorectal cancer patients and healthy controls respectively with significant statistical difference (p<0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and AUC was 84.78%, 78.26% and 0.88 respectively forserum TK1 as reference for colorectal diagnosis. The pearson correlation test was used to evaluate the serum miR-183 and TK1 correlation in colorectal cancer patients. However, no significant correlation between serum miR-183 and TK1 was found in colorectal patients (p>0.05).ConclusionSerum levels of miR-183 and TK1 arepotential biomarkers for colorectal cancer auxiliary diagnosis.
Proteomic and bioinformatics analysis of human saliva for the dental-risk assessment
Authors: Laputková Galina , Bencková Mária , Alexovič Michal , Schwartzová Vladimíra , Talian Ivan , Sabo Ján 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackground: Dental caries disease is a dynamic process with a multi-factorial etiology. It is manifested by demineralization of enamel followed by damage spreading into the tooth inner structure. Successful early diagnosis could identify caries-risk and improve dental screening, providing a baseline for evaluating personalized dental treatment and prevention strategies. Methodology:	Salivary proteome of the whole unstimulated saliva (WUS) samples was assessed in caries-free and caries-susceptible individuals of older adolescent age with permanent dentition using a nano-HPLC and MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. Results: 554 proteins in the caries-free and 695 proteins in the caries-susceptible group were identified. Assessment using bioinformatics tools and Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis revealed qualitative differences between these two proteomes. Members of the caries-susceptible group exhibited a branch of cytokine binding gene products responsible for the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses to infections. Inspection of molecular functions and biological processes of caries-susceptible saliva samples revealed significant categories predominantly related to the activity of proteolytic peptidases, and the regulation of metabolic and catabolic processes of carbohydrates. Conclusions: Proteomic analysis of the whole saliva revealed information about potential risk factors associated with the development of caries-susceptibility and provides a better understanding of tooth protection mechanisms.
Integration of indigenous and scientific knowledge in climate adaptation in KwaZulu- Natal, South Africa
Authors: Basdew Myuri , Jiri Obert , Mafongoya Paramu L 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIndigenous knowledge has for generations assisted rural subsistence farming communities adapt to climate change and make daily decisions regarding agriculture. This study was conducted in the rural community of Swayimane, uMshwathi Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The main objective of the research was to determine the indigenous indicators used by rural farmers, identify the means through which seasonal climate information is disseminated and assess the strengths and weaknesses of indigenous and scientific knowledge. The other objective of the research was to evaluate the integration of indigenous and scientific weather forecasting. The research used 100 questionnaires which were administered to the subsistence farmers of the community. Focus group discussions and key informant interviews were conducted with small groups of individuals. Results showed that majority of the indigenous indicators related to rainfall and seasonal predictions. Also, seasonal scientific climate information was mainly disseminated via television and radio. Local farmers highlighted that indigenous knowledge was essential in predicting seasonal changes and rainfall and scientific knowledge was not trusted. Indigenous knowledge is transmitted by oral tradition, from generation to generation and mainly among the elderly, and, thinly, to the younger generation. Scientific information was thought to be too technical and difficult to comprehend. It can be concluded that subsistence farmers were open to the integration of scientific and indigenous weather forecasting. They highlighted that it would improve decision making concerning their agricultural activities.
Multiple brain abscesses caused by Serratia marcescens in preterm newborn
Authors: Hadžimuratović Emina , Hadžimuratović Admir , Hadžipašić Amra 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background
Brain abscesses are possible but very uncommon complications of bacterial sepsis and meningitis in neonates. We report a case of multiple brain abscesses in a preterm neonate as a complication of Serratia marcescens sepsis.

Case
The female preterm weighing 1990 g was delivered by cesarean section at 32 weeks of gestation. Apart from moderate respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), the baby was in a good condition with no indicators of perinatal infection. On the 3rd day of life, the clinical status deteriorated and the sepsis screen was positive. The baby was intubated and, along with other intensive measures, treated with high doses of vancomycin and imipenem. Serattia marcescens was isolated in hemoculture. The baby clinicaly improved in the following days, but the cranial ultrasound revealed multiple hypoechoic lesions in parietal lobes bilaterally. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed multiple (five) hypodense lesions with the peripheral enhancement suggestive of intra-parenchymal abscesses. The neurosurgical consilium suggested conservative treatment with antibiotics and weekly neuroimiging follow-up. The antibiotic treatment was conducted for a total of 8 weeks. The final MRI showed a total regresion of previous abscesses with the formation of small cavitations. The clinical and neurological examination of the baby was normal as was the EEG. The baby was discharged with a recommendation of neurological follow-up.

Conclusion
A multidisciplinary team approach, including neurosurgeons, neonatologists and infectious disease specialists, is needed for a decision on treatment of brain abscesses in neonates. Serial imaging is important in the assessment of the efficacy of treatment.
Comparison of predation by two suburban cats in New Zealand
Authors: Flux John E. C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTo study the effects domestic cats may have on surrounding wildlife, a complete list was made of 558 items caught in the garden or brought into the house by one cat over 17 years, from 1988 to 2005. The effect on prey populations was assessed by comparing their abundance with the previous 15 years’ population without a cat. On balance, this cat (Cat 1) was clearly beneficial to the native bird species by killing rodents and deterring mustelids. The diet of a second cat (Cat 2) was recorded in the same way from 2006 to 2016. This cat caught half the number of items 148:287, but in the same proportions: house mice (37.8:42.6); ship rats (12.8:12.1); European rabbits (all young) (8.1:6.7); weasels (0.7:0.4); dunnock (12.8:9.2); house sparrow (2.0:3.1); blackbird (2.7:2.5); song thrush (1.4:1.3); European greenfinch (0.7:5.8); chaffinch (0.7:3.3); silvereye (10.1:8.3); New Zealand fantail (2.0:1.0); lizards (8.1:1.7). Despite this, there were significant differences: Cat 2 avoided finches (2:28, P = 0.004), and took a few more lizards (12:5). For both cats, birds apparently formed about a third of their diet: 33.4% and 34.5%, but comparison of the proportion of birds and rodents brought into the house (12:92) and found dead away from the house (49:45) implies that 320 rodent kills may have been missed, being far more difficult to find. As top predators, these cats were clearly beneficial to native birds, and proposed control or elimination may precipitate mesopredator release and a rabbit problem.
Climate Regulation of Rearing-Related Buildings - Evaluating the Factors Related to the Energy Requirement of Heating/Cooling, and Analysis of Alternative Solutions
Authors: Toth Laszló , Horvath Balint , Fulop Zsolt , Fogarassy Csaba 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The most notable role in the energy usage of rearing-related buildings belongs to barn climate. For animals, one of the most important climate parameter is the temperature of the barn atmosphere. This can be kept in the proper interval by either heating or cooling. Apart from the operation of technological solutions, the need for airing barns must be taken into consideration. This means there are special technical requirements for airing. Also, they can cause significant energy losses. The temperature limit of heating is mainly influenced by the technological temperature related to keeping the animal in question, its acceptable differences, the heat loss of the barn, and the airing requirement. Energy sources applicable to heating can be traditional sources (coal, oil, gas), renewable sources (solar, biomass, wind, water, or geothermal energy), or transformed energy (electricity). As these have specific operation systems, they also mean further challenges in implementing efficient energy usage. The usage of heating energy can either be optimised by the rational usage of the heating system, or machinery explicitly made for reserving energy. Sparing heating energy via recuperative heating exchange may cut costs significantly, which we also proved in this research with actual calculations. However, we have to state that the efficient usage of heat exchangers requires that the internal and external temperatures differ greatly, which has a huge impact on heat recovery performance.
Referential NPs as subtle expressions of attitude in infanticide trials, 1674–1775
Authors: Vartiainen Turo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article discusses how victims of infanticide were portrayed in theProceedings of the Old Baileyin 1674–1775. More specifically, the study focuses on the use of lexical NPs as subtle foregrounding devices in the trial accounts. It is argued that the use of a prosodically prominent lexical NP in a place where a topical and a highly accessible referent could naturally be expressed by an unstressed pronoun may not be emotionally or attitudinally neutral; rather, I will argue that by repeatedly using lexical NPs, the trial participants were able to express sympathy and solidarity to the victims in a very subtle way by making the referent more discourse-prominent and emphasising the victims’ young age by using head nouns likechildandinfant. The data will mainly be discussed from a diachronic perspective, and the results show that as most women convicted of infanticide in the eighteenth century were acquitted, the frequency of lexical NPs used in reference to the deceased children increased. The overuse of lexical NPs is particularly prominent in the trials where the woman was found guilty of the crime, suggesting a possible connection between the degree of violence used in the murder and the kinds of NPs the trial participants used to refer to the deceased children as subtle indications of sympathy.
An intragenetic typology of Kwa serial verb constructions
Authors: Shluinsky Andrey 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article presents the results of an intragenetic crosslinguistic study of serial verb constructions (SVCs) in Kwa. Based on a sample of 28 Kwa languages, the article examines the crucial morphosyntactic features of Kwa SVCs and the range of meanings of the two most common grammaticalized types of Kwa SVCs, ‘take’ and ‘give’ SVCs. The morphosyntactic features of SVCs considered include unity of subject, unity of TAM, unity of negation, and absence of an overt marker of a syntactic relation. The three types of ‘take’ SVCs – lative ‘take’ SVCs, instrumental ‘take’ SVCs, and objectal ‘take’ SVCs – are treated separately. Uses of different types of ‘take’ SVCs and of ‘give’ SVCs turn out to be subject to implicational cross-Kwa restrictions that are formulated via hierarchies or semantic maps. Significant crosslinguistic variation is discovered, and it is argued that sometimes the similarities between Kwa languages can be most naturally explained by independent development.
The Numinous, the Ethical, and the Body. Rudolf Otto’s “The Idea of the Holy” Revisited
Authors: Nörenberg Henning 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In this paper, I investigate the non-rational, affective dimension of religious experience that Rudolf Otto attempted to address with his notion of the numinous. I argue that this notion is best understood in terms of an atmospheric quality impacting on the subject’s feeling body. Therefore, I draw on discussions in phenomenology and pragmatism, despite the fact that Otto’s own epistemological framework is rooted in a different tradition. Drawing on those discussions helps defend some of Otto’s claims about the relation between the non-rational, affective dimension and reason against the prevalent accusation of unscientific mysticism. I then illustrate the yet unexhausted potential of these very claims by arguing that the numinous in Otto’s sense plays an irreducible role in the ethical reflections of such distinct authors as Kant and Levinas.
Erwerbstätigkeit und atypische Beschäftigung im Lebenszyklus – Ein Kohortenvergleich für Deutschland
Authors: Tamm Marcus , Bachmann Ronald , Felder Rahel 
Published: October 2017

Zusammenfassung
Die Autoren betrachten anhand von Daten der Erwachsenenkohorte des Nationalen Bildungspanels, wie sich die Erwerbsverläufe der nach dem 2. Weltkrieg geborenen Kohorten verändert haben und welche Rolle atypische Beschäftigung in diesem Zusammenhang spielt. Für jüngere Kohorten zeigen sich hierbei längere Ausbildungszeiten und ein späterer Erwerbseinstieg sowie eine größere Bedeutung von atypischer Beschäftigung, die bei Frauen mit wesentlich höherer Erwerbstätigkeit einhergeht. Eine Sequenzanalyse von Arbeitsmarktverläufen verdeutlicht die Chancen und Risiken von atypischer Beschäftigung. So steigt der Anteil an Personen, deren Erwerbseinstieg nahezu ausschließlich von atypischer Beschäftigung geprägt ist, über die Kohorten hinweg deutlich an. Ein Großteil der Zunahme atypischer Beschäftigungsverhältnisse geht jedoch auf die verstärkte Erwerbsbeteiligung von Frauen zurück, wobei Beschäftigung in Teilzeit oder Minijobs für den Wiedereinstieg nach einer Erwerbsunterbrechung eine bedeutende Rolle spielt.
Die Kehrseite der Globalisierung
Authors: Paqué Karl-Heinz 
Published: October 2017

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag ist den Thesen im jüngsten Buch von Richard Baldwin „The Great Convergence: Information Technology and the New Globalization“ gewidmet. Baldwin liefert eine neue Interpretation der Globalisierung seit den frühen neunziger Jahren. Er sieht um diese Zeit einen revolutionären Bruch in der Entwicklung, bedingt vor allem durch den Aufstieg der Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien (IKT). Diese erlauben erstmals die Kombination von Hochtechnologien, die aus den hochindustrialisierten Ländern (dem „Norden“) stammen, mit den relativ billigen Arbeitskräften, die in Entwicklungs- und Schwellenländern (dem „Süden“) zu Hause sind. Es kommt zu einem massiven Technologietransfer von Nord nach Süd, bedingt vor allem durch Direktinvestitionen. Dies sorgt für Gewinner im Süden und Verlierer im Norden – mit weitreichenden Konsequenzen, die im Norden eine offensive Strategie der Anpassung verlangen: Orientierung auf Dienstleistungen und urbane Ballungen, die das Abwandern von Wissen erschweren. Karl-Heinz Paqué bezweifelt nicht die Existenz von Gewinnern der Globalisierung im Süden und Verlierern im Norden, wohl aber die überragende Bedeutung, die Baldwin dem Technologietransfer als Ursache beimisst. Er betrachtet die Entwicklung vielmehr als natürlichen Aufholprozess, in dem sich der Süden – unilateral – dem Weltmarkt öffnet, in Bildung investiert und eine innovationsorientierte Industrie- und Technologiepolitik betreibt. Er sieht gleichzeitig eine ausgeprägte Differenzierung der Wirkung auf den Norden: Staaten, die eine starke innovative Industrie bewahrt haben und die Anpassung bildungs- und technologiepolitisch begleiten, schneiden besser ab als jene, die sich allein auf Dienstleistungen konzentrieren. Erstere sind typischerweise auch Länder mit etablierten Institutionen der Weitergabe von technischem Wissen zwischen Generationen. Bisher gelingt es ihnen, eine übermäßige Spaltung der Gesellschaft als Folge der Globalisierung zu vermeiden. Wirtschaftshistorisch interpretiert er diese Entwicklungen keineswegs als revolutionären Bruch, sondern als evolutionäre Vollendung des Industriezeitalters.
Das deutsche Arbeitsmarktwunder: Eine Bilanz
Authors: Burda Michael C. , Seele Stefanie 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungDem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt ging es noch nie seit der Wiedervereinigung so gut wie heute. Die nachhaltige Entwicklung seit 2005 ist auf einen entscheidenden Treiber zurückzuführen: die Umverteilung eines beinahe gleichbleibenden Arbeitsstundenvolumens auf mehr Beschäftigte durch die massive Ausweitung der Teilzeitarbeit. Die Lohnzurückhaltung der Tarifparteien war dabei eine notwendige, jedoch nicht hinreichende Bedingung für diesen Erfolg. Die Kovarianz von Lohn und Erwerbsindikatoren deutet allerdings darauf hin, dass die Arbeitsmarktreformen der sogenannten Agenda 2010 die erwerbsfähige Bevölkerung ab 2005 zur Teilnahme am Arbeitsmarkt aktiviert haben. Insbesondere die Reform der Arbeitslosenunterstützung hat die Ausweitung des Arbeitsangebots im unteren Lohnsegment ermöglicht und bewerkstelligt, dass die sozialversicherungspflichtige Teil- und Vollzeitarbeit zunahm. Ein Rückbau der Reformen könnte diesen Erfolg gefährden.
Variation and Correlations Among Stem Growth and Wood Traits of Calycophyllum spruceanum Benth. from the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Weber J. C. , Montes C. Sotelo 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Calycophyllum spruceanum Benth. is an important tree for timber and energy in the western Amazon, with expanding national and international markets for its wood. There is relatively little information, however, about geographic variation in tree growth and wood properties, and correlations among these traits. The first provenance trial was established with farming communities in the Peruvian Amazon. Seven provenances, sampled from regions near the equator, were tested in three planting zones located in one watershed. Variation and correlations were investigated in stem growth at 30 and 42 months, wood density (in the lower and upper parts of the stem) and mean heat content of stem wood at 32 months. Stem height varied significantly among provenances and planting zones, but zones accounted for much more variation than provenances. Stem wood traits did not vary significantly among provenances. Wood density was greater in the lower than in the upper stem. Wood density in the upper stem and the difference in density between the lower and upper stem varied significantly among planting zones: density in the upper stem was lowest, and the difference in density between the lower and upper stem was largest in the zone where trees grew most rapidly. Phenotypic correlations between stem growth and wood density differed in sign among planting zones, suggesting that selecting fastgrowing trees could indirectly reduce wood density in environments where trees grow slowly, and increase the difference in wood density between the lower and upper stem in environments where trees grow very rapidly. Correlations between stem growth and wood heat content were stable across zones, and indicated that larger trees tended to have wood with higher heat content. Stem-wood heat content varied with provenance latitude/ longitude in the sample region, but none of the other traits varied clinally. Results indicate that there is potential to select faster-growing provenances at an early age, but this could affect wood density in certain environments.
Seed Source Variation in Morphology, Germination and Seedling Growth of Jatropha curcas Linn. in Central India
Authors: Ginwal H. S. , Phartyal S. S. , Rawat P. S. , Srivastava R. L. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine source variation in Jatropha curcas seeds collected from ten locations in Central India. A significant seed source variation was observed in seed morphology (colour, size and weight), seed germination (viability, germination percent, germination energy, germination value) and seedling growth parameters (survival percentage, seedling height, collar diameter, leave/plant, and seedling biomass). The seed source of Chhindwara (M.P.) was found as the best source in comparison to others. The phenotypic and genotypic variance, their coefficient of variability and broad sense heritability also showed a sizeable variability. This offers a breeder ample scope to undertake screening and selection of seed sources for the desired traits. Further, high percentage of heritability coupled with moderate intensity of genetic gain, was observed for seed germination traits, which signifies that germination is under strong genetic control and good amount of heritable additive genetic component can be exploited for improvement of this species.