bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Serum IL-4, 15d-PGJ2, PPAR Gamma Levels in Patients with Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Erzin G. , aydemir Ç. , yüksel R. , tatlıdil E. , Çakır B. , sezer S. , göka E. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionMany hypotheses have been proposed about development of bipolar disorder including inflammatory processes due to the external and endogenous factors. There are strong evidences that immunological dysfunction is present in bipolar disorder. In the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder, there are many data that support the inflammatory hypothesis.ObjectivesIn this study, to clarify the etiology of bipolar disorder, based on the inflammatory process hypothesis, it is aimed to measure and evaluate serum 15d-PGJ2 and PPARγ, anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 levels in patients with bipolar disorder.MethodsThis study was performed at Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital. Ninety-five patients are included in the study that were in their mania or remission periods and meet the DSM-V criteria for bipolar disorder. Forty-four healthy volunteers are included in the study as well. Serum IL-4, 15d-PGJ2, PPARγ levels are measured in both groups. Young Mania Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale, demographic data form were given to patient group.ResultsIn our study, 15d-PGJ2, PPARγ levels were found statistically significantly lower in patients with bipolar disorder compared to healthy controls.ConclusionThere are differences in anti-inflammatory prostaglandin levels in patients with bipolar disorder who are in their mania period when compared to healthy controls and patients in their remission period. This does not show any significance according to smoking and gender. This implies that inflammation markers could be a good candidate to determine trait markers, which will provide an insight for preventing patient from mania period or prognosis after the diagnosis of bipolar disorder.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A Case Control and Follow-up Study of “Hard to Reach” Young People Who also Suffered from Multiple Complex Mental Disorders
Authors: Camilleri N. , McArdle P. , Newbury-Birch D. , Stocken D. , LeCouteur A. 
Published: June 2017

AimsTo describe the mental disorders and social function of the hard to reach young people (HTRYP) from the innovations project (IP) and compare to a matched sample from a community mental health team (CMHT).BackgroundIP was a new multidisciplinary team based within an inner city, walk-in health centre, North East England (throughout 2011).MethodsPhase 1 and 2: retrospective review of clinical case notes of YP who attended the IP and CMHT. Phase 3: 24-months follow-up evaluation of the mental state and social function, using Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Child and Adolescent Mental Health (HoNOSCA) and Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS).ResultsOverall, 36 referrals accepted by the IP, 31 met criteria for HTRYP, 15 were offered individually tailored therapy. IP group experienced more deprivation compared to the CMHT matched sample (n = 115). At baseline, the HTRYP had more mental disorders, higher severity scores and lower levels of social function (HTRYP HoNOSCA mean: 19.1 and CMHT mean: 11.2 P = < 0.001 and HTRYP CGAS mean: 51.0, CMHT mean: 58.9, P = 0.05). The HTRYP made significantly greater improvement compared to CMHTYP; (HoNOSCA P = < 0.001 and CGAS P = < 0.002). Thirteen HTRYP attended the follow-up review at 24 months compared with nine of CMHTYP. There was great variability in terms of social function between the YP within each sample.ConclusionThe term “HTR” describes a state, which the YP may be at a particular point their lives. A service, which utilises a developmental theoretical framework, offers regular reviews and an individualised care plan, could reduce longer-term morbidity and mortality suffered by HTRYP.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Role of Maladaptive Psychological Strategies in the Association between Shame and Psychological Quality of Life
Authors: Ferreira C. , Mendes A.L. , Marta-Simões J. 
Published: June 2017

Shame experiences have been highly associated with the engagement in maladaptive strategies (such as experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion) to cope with unwanted thoughts and feelings. Furthermore, these maladaptive processes have been linked to different psychopathological conditions.The current study aimed to test the mediational effect of two different emotional regulation processes, cognitive fusion (i.e., the entanglement with unwanted inner events) and experiential avoidance (i.e., the unwillingness to be in contact with these inner experiences and the tendency to avoid and control them), on the association between external shame and psychological quality of life.Participants were 421 (131 males and 290 females), aged between 18 and 34 years old.The tested path model explained 40% of the variance of psychological quality of life and showed excellent model fit indices. Results demonstrated that external shame presented a significant direct effect on psychological quality of life and, in turn, an indirect effect, through the mechanisms of cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance. In fact, these findings seem to suggest that higher levels of external shame are linked to a higher tendency to engage in cognitive fusion and to lower acceptance abilities, which appear to explain decreased levels of psychological quality of life.The present findings seem to offer significant clinical implications, emphasizing the importance of targeting maladaptive emotion strategies through the development of acceptance and decentering abilities.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Suicidal Ideation Amongst Adolescent Suffering from Disordered Eating: The Young-HUNT Study
Authors: Saeedzadeh Sardahaee F. , Lingaas Holmen T. , Micali N. , Kvaløy K. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSuicide takes a great toll on both individuals and societies. Successful preventive measures would require a careful understanding of the scope of suicidal ideation as well as its associated factors. Amongst mental disorders, anorexia nervosa has the highest mortality rate due to suicide.Objective and aimsStudying the prevalence of suicidal ideation and its associated factors in adolescents (13–19 years old) affected by disordered eating (DE).MethodsLogistic regression was employed to study associations between suicidal ideation and age, gender and disordered eating in adolescents from a population-based prospective study, The Young-HUNT 3 cohort, 2006-8. DE cases were defined using the self-reported questionnaire (Eating Attitude Test-7) and then grouped into two subscales, poor appetite/under-eating and uncontrolled appetite/overeating.ResultsA total of 3933(boys 49% and 51% girls) were included. In total, 177 poor appetite/under-eating and 365 uncontrolled appetite/overeating cases were identified. Prevalence of suicidal ideation was 24.5% in total sample with girls being more affected (27.1%). Prevalence of suicidal ideation amongst poor appetite/under-eating case group and uncontrolled appetite/overeating cases was respectively 43.5 and 39.2%. The odds-ratio of suicidal ideation amongst poor appetite/under-eating cases compared to control group was 2.56 (95% CI, 1.85 to 3.42, P-value < 0.001) whilst the odds-ratio of suicidal ideation amongst uncontrolled appetite/overeating cases compared to control group was 2.19 (95% CI, 1.75 to 2.74, P-value < 0.001). Results remained significant after adjusting for anxiety and depression symptoms.ConclusionFocus on high risk groups such as DE seems important in taking suicide preventive measures.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Personality Disorders and Perinatal Psychiatry: Food for Thoughts from Perinatal Psychiatric Department Experience
Authors: Di Giacomo E. , Colmegna F. , Clerici M. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundPregnancy and postpartum are sensitive unique moments in women's life. Perinatal psychiatry is focused on depression and psychosis, but personality issues is often neglected as well as risk factors for personality disorders instead of being considered causative of onset or recrudescence of psychiatric symptoms in perinatal.MethodsIn total, 129 women were referred to perinatal psychiatric department during their pregnancy or postpartum in the last three years. They were administered SCID II, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories (BDI and BAI), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL). Their interaction with babies was monitored at birth and during follow up. Children's behavioral development is under evaluation through structured tests.ResultsBDI and BAI scored moderate or severe in 31 and 27% of women, EPDS was significant in 36%, while SCID II highlighted 24% of borderline, 17% narcissistic, 4% schizoid, 4% paranoid and 9% obsessive/compulsive PD. Nineteen of them suffered physical abuse during childhood, 26 sexual abuse, 89 emotional neglect and only 15 out of 129 were negative to any kind of abuse during childhood.ConclusionPersonality disorders appears to influence maternal adjustment to pregnancy and motherhood. Abuses suffered during childhood confirm their role as potential risk factor in personality issues which clearly express their effect in adaptation to change in personal role and in emphatic interactions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
What do Patients Want? Correlates of Patient Satisfaction and Treatment Engagement
Authors: Gearing R. , Webb A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionMotivation and ability to engage with treatment may deteriorate or falter if a patient is not satisfied with their protocols or provider. Improving patient satisfaction may more effectively strengthen treatment engagement.Objectives1) Determining what patients want from their provider relationship; and 2) identifying means for a provider to effectively assess and evaluate patient satisfaction in relation to treatment engagement.MethodsA systematic review of published meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and literature reviews between 1996 and 2016 was conducted across three databases (Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL). Using variations of the search terms patient; satisfaction; medication, medical and psychiatric treatment; and engagement/adherence, a total of 1667 articles were identified. After removing duplications, 1582 articles were independently screened for eligibility (e.g. conceptual focus, methodological limitations) by two research assistants, resulting in the final inclusion of 50 meta-analysis, systematic review, or literature review articles that focused on predictors or barriers to patient satisfaction and/or predictors or barriers affecting engagement/adherence.ResultsBarriers and predictors of patient satisfaction centered on two fundamental domains:– relationship with Provider (sub-factors: multicultural competence, shared decision making, communication skills, continuity of care, empathy) and;– outcomes (sub-factors: therapeutic outcome, patient expectations).Eight treatment engagement/adherence barrier and predictor domains were identified, specifically treatment regimens; illness beliefs, emotional/cognitive factors; financial and logistic; social support; symptom/illness characteristics; demographics and patient-provider relationship.ConclusionsKey findings highlight actions psychiatrists and other clinical providers may consider in addressing barriers and highlighting promoters to improve patient satisfaction and overall engagement and adherence.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Clinical Prediction of Suicide Attempt in Schizophrenia Using a Machine Learning Approach
Authors: De Luc V. , Bani Fatemi A. , Hettige N. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveSuicide is a major concern for those afflicted by schizophrenia. Identifying patients at the highest risk for future suicide attempts remains a complex problem for psychiatric intervention. Machine learning models allow for the integration of many risk factors in order to build an algorithm that predicts which patients are likely to attempt suicide. Currently, it is unclear how to integrate previously identified risk factors into a clinically relevant predictive tool to estimate the probability of a patient with schizophrenia for attempting suicide.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional assessment on a sample of 345 participants diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Suicide attempters and non-attempters were clearly identified using the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) and the Beck Suicide Ideation Scale (BSS). We developed two classification algorithms using a regularized regression and random forest model with sociocultural and clinical variables as features to train the models.ResultsBoth classification models performed similarly in identifying suicide attempters and non-attempters. Our regularized logistic regression model demonstrated an accuracy of 66% and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.71, while the random forest model demonstrated 65% accuracy and an AUC of 0.67.ConclusionMachine learning algorithms offer a relatively successful method for incorporating many clinical features to predict individuals at risk for future suicide attempts. Increased performance of these models using clinically relevant variables offers the potential to facilitate early treatment and intervention to prevent future suicide attempts.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Gynecological symptoms in somatization disorder
Authors: Calahorro C.M. , Guerrero Jiménez M. , Girela Serrano B.M. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundMedically unexplained symptoms are common in ambulatory medical patients. Such disorders are consistently more prevalent in women than in men and occurs up to 10 times more frequently in women.Main objectiveTo review published literature about gynecological symptoms related to somatic disorder and which percentage of these patients diagnosed as Somatoform Disorder are referred from gynecologist consultations.MethodsWe present the case of a 31-year-old woman diagnosed of a somatic symptom disorder whose first consultation was gynecological. She is referred to Mental Health Unit from Primary Care Center because of having been referred to five different specialists and been diagnosed as “functional somatic syndromes” in all cases. She started a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and attended a relaxation group during two months with good recovery afterwards.She is asymptomatic nowadays and has not been visited by any other specialist.ConclusionsWomen report more intense, numerous, frequent bodily symptoms than men. This difference appears in samples of medical patients and in community samples, whether or not gynecologic and reproductive symptoms are excluded, and whether all bodily symptoms or only those, which are medically unexplained are examined.Women may be more aware of and more attentive to weak or diffuse bodily stimuli, which men do not perceive, and some studies suggest that women have greater bodily vigilance and awareness.This could result from the experiences of menstruation, menopause, pregnancy, and lactation which all serve to repeatedly call women's attention to their anatomy and physiology and to sensitize them to bodily changes.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The effectiveness of teaching positive psychology on dysfunctional attitudes and emotional self-regulation of withdrawing addicts
Authors: Ghahari S. , Farhanghi Z. , Gheytarani B. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveNegative attitudes and the inability of emotion regulation can make individuals vulnerable against addiction. In this field, the main objective of this study is to investigate effectiveness of teaching positive psychology on dysfunctional attitudes and emotional self-regulation of withdrawing addicts.MethodsThis study is conducted using semi-empirical method in form of pretest posttest. Statistical population consists of all addicted people referred to Addiction Treatment Camps of Karaj by 2015. Among these camps, Vardavard Camp is selected randomly and among the referees, 30 people of those who were qualified to participate in this study and were satisfied for this action were selected and were placed in two experimental and control groups. Experimental group received positive psychology intervention and control group was in waiting list. Both groups fulfilled dysfunctional attitude scale and emotional self-regulation scale in baseline and after treatment. Obtained data have been analyzed using independent t-test and covariance in SPSS-22.FindingThere is significant difference between two groups at the end of intervention in terms of dysfunctional attitudes and emotional self-regulation (P < 0.05).ConclusionTeaching positive psychology can lead to change in dysfunctional attitudes and emotional self-regulation of addicted people.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A mixed approach: Posttraumatic obsessive compulsive disorder
Authors: Landera Rodríguez R. , Gómez Revuelta M. , Juncal Ruíz M. , Porta Olivares O. , Martín Gutiérrez R. , Sánchez Blanco L. , Abejas Díez D. , Santayana Jenaro G. Pardo de , Fernández Rodríguez M. , Giraldo Vegas L.A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSeveral studies along the last two decades provide information indicating the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). The particular features described in patients who developed OCD symptoms closely after the onset of PTSD, may suggest the existence of a specific subtype of OCD more likely to be suffered after a traumatic event. The few studies focused on evaluating treatment efficacy for the association between OCD and PTSD seem to predict poor response to pharmacologic or behavioral cognitive (BCT) monotherapy.ObjectivesDespite the evidence, most widely used guidelines propose the employment of either a psychotherapeutic or psychopharmacologic approach. We propose to combine intensive BCT and serotonin profile antidepressants in order to optimize PTSD-OCD subtype.Material and methodsWe present two detailed case reports offering the results of combining intensive BCT and serotonin profile antidepressants as soon as the comorbid diagnosis for both disorders was established. These two patients were recruited from outpatient care centers.ResultsOur limited experience supplied promising outcome results. Significant improvement regarding to functional impairment appeared from early stages of the treatment in both patients.DiscussionDespite logistic difficulties, an intensive and coordinated psychopharmacologic and psychotherapeutic approach might constitute another treatment choice which may be taken into account in those cases monotherapy fails to reduce PTSD-OCD subtype patients’ impairment.ConclusionsA mixed treatment approach might be taken into account as a first line treatment in PTSD-OCD disorder.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Is the use of long-acting injectable antipsychotic extended in the outpatient treatment of bipolar disorder? A brief description
Authors: Niell L. , Rodríguez J. , Baena R.A. , Alberdi-Paramo I. , Montero G. , Tenorio M.M. , Pereira M. , Sanz R. , Gomez-Merino P. , De Vicente F. , Carrillo A. 
Published: June 2017

AimsObtain and analyze information on treatment guidelines, with particular emphasis on the use of antipsychotics, in patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder I and bipolar disorder II who are treated at a mental health center in a district of Madrid (Spain) under the conditions of habitual clinical practice.Then, compare with recently published literature.MethodsWe performed a descriptive study of a sample of 100 patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder (type I and type II) at any stage of the disease who receive regular treatment in a mental health center in a district of Madrid. Information regarding the treatment used, especially the use of antipsychotics (either in a single therapy or in combination with other drugs such as mood stabilizers, antidepressants, hypnotics or anxiolytics), was collected retrospectively from the data obtained from the medical record.ResultsNinety-four percent of patients are taking mood stabilizer treatment (68% lithium, 24% valproate, 1% and 1% carbamazepine and lamotrigine). Four percent take lithium and valproate in combination. Forty-eight percent of patients are taking some antipsychotic (atypical about 90%). Of these, only 10% in injectable form, and 5% take both oral and injectable antipsychotics.ConclusionsThe diminished use of injectable antipsychotics, well below recent publications, draws the attention. You can probably explain this low proportion of injectable medication because we are generally dealing with stable patients with a long-term disorder.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Clinical case: Phelan–McDermid and pharmacological management
Authors: Ballesteros A. , Rosero Á.S. , Inchausti F. , Manrique E. , Sáiz H. , Carlos C. , María Z. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe Phelan–McDermid syndrome is a chromosomal disorder consisting of a selection on chromosome 22q13.3 associated psychiatric and emotional level, behavioral and traits of autism spectrum disorders. During the neurodevelopmental such chromosomal deletion, which associated with haplo insufficiency Shank 3 causes alterations in the synaptogenesis altering the balance of activating and inhibitory transmission. Throughout the various studies, it is considered that this syndrome has a psychiatric disorder bipolar like.Case presentationHere, we present s 13-year-old female diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders in childhood and presented regression with catatonia features and behavioral disorders. Interestingly, she presented mutation/microdeletion of the SHANK3 gene, inducing a premature stop codon in exon 21. Different pharmacological treatments (antipsychotics at high doses and benzodiazepines) failed to improve clinical symptoms and lead to multiple adverse events. In contrast, lithium therapy reversed clinical regression, stabilized behavioral symptoms and allowed patients to recover their pre-catatonia level of functioning. After the first menstruation there was a cycling psychiatric worsening with a similar clinical pattern so risperidone as adjunctive therapy. As a result of this, this patient recovered clinical and socio-functional stability.ConclusionsThey are previous cases where there affective and behavioral improvement after use of mood stabilizer molecules such as valproate or lithium. There is also evidence of the benefit of risperidone low to have a beneficial effect on the balance of activatory and inhibitory transmission level doses of NMDA receptors.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.