bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light Triggered Co‐Assembly of Photocleavable Copolymers and Polyoxometalates with Enhanced Photoluminescence
Authors: Zhang Jinlong , Shi Nan , Zhang Jie , Guan Yan , Qiao Weihong , Wan Xinhua 
Published: November 2016

A novel co‐assembly based on the block copolymer bearing photocleavable groups and macroanionic polyoxometalates Na9[Ln(W5O18)2] (LnW10, Ln = Eu, Dy) triggered by UV light is realized in aqueous solution. The copolymer synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) undergoes irreversible cleavage upon UV irradiation to generate primary amine (pKa ≈ 8–9) residues which are completely protonated under a neutral pH in aqueous solution. Electrostatic attractions between the resulting positively charged copolymers and anionic LnW10 drive the formation of assemblies. In situ small angle X‐ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy are used to characterize the morphology of the assemblies. The microenvironments around polyoxometalates in the core of hybrid assemblies become highly hydrophobic, resulting in dramatically enhanced photoluminescence with the obvious intensity enhancement. The solution parameters pH and salt additives show great effects on the formation of assemblies.
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Identification and functional analysis of c.422_423InsT, a novel mutation of the HNF1A gene in a patient with diabetes
Authors: Magaña‐Cerino Jesús Miguel , Luna‐Arias Juan P. , Labra‐Barrios María Luisa , Avendaño‐Borromeo Bartolo , Boldo‐León Xavier Miguel , Martínez‐López Mirian Carolina 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundHNF1A gene regulates liver‐specific genes, and genes that have a role in glucose metabolism, transport, and secretion of insulin. HNF1A gene mutations are frequently associated with type 2 diabetes. HNF1A protein has three domains: the dimerization domain, the DNA‐binding domain, and the trans‐activation domain. Some mutations in the dimerization or DNA‐binding domains have no influence on the normal allele, while others have dominant negative effects. The I27L, A98V, and S487N polymorphisms are common variants of the HNF1A gene; they have been found in T2D and non‐diabetic subjects.Methods and ResultsWe searched for mutations in the first three exons of the HNF1A gen in an Amerindian population of 71 diabetic patients. DNA sequencing revealed the previously reported I27L polymorphism (c.79A>C) in 53% of diabetic patients and in 67% of the control group. Thus, the I27L/L27L polymorphism might be a marker of Amerindians. In addition, we found the c.422_423InsT mutation in the HNF1A gene of one patient, which had not been previously reported. This mutation resulted in a frame shift of the open reading frame and a new translation stop in codon 187, leading to a truncated polypeptide of 186 amino acids (Q141Hfs*47). This novel mutation affects the DNA‐binding capacity of the mutant HNF1A protein by EMSA; its intracellular localization by fluorescence and confocal microscopy, and a dominant‐negative effect affecting the DNA‐binding capacity of the normal HNF1A by EMSA. We also studied the homology modeling structure to understand the effect of this mutation on its DNA‐binding capacity and its dominant negative effect.ConclusionThe HNF1A Q141Hfs*47 mutant polypeptide has no DNA‐binding capacity and exerts a dominant negative effect on the HNF1A protein. Therefore, it might produce severe phenotypic effects on the expression levels of a set of β‐cell genes. Consequently, its screening should be included in the genetic analysis of diabetic patients after more functional studies are performed.
A randomized trial Examining The Impact Of Communicating Genetic And Lifestyle Risks For Obesity
Authors: Wang Catharine , Gordon Erynn S. , Norkunas Tricia , Wawak Lisa , Liu Ching‐Ti , Winter Michael , Kasper Rachel S. , Christman Michael F. , Green Robert C. , Bowen Deborah J. 
Published: November 2016

ObjectiveGenetic testing for obesity is available directly to consumers, yet little is understood about its behavioral impact and its added value to nongenetic risk communication efforts based on lifestyle factors.MethodsA randomized trial examined the short‐term impact of providing personalized obesity risk information, using a 2 × 2 factorial design. Participants were recruited from the Coriell Personalized Medicine Collaborative (CPMC) and randomized to receive (1) no risk information (control), (2) genetic risk, (3) lifestyle risk, or (4) combined genetic/lifestyle risks. Baseline and 3‐month follow‐up survey data were collected. Analyses examined the impact of risk feedback on intentions to lose weight and self‐reported weight.ResultsA total of 696 participants completed the study. A significant interaction effect was observed for genetic and lifestyle information on intent to lose weight (P = 0.0150). Those who received genetic risk alone had greater intentions at follow‐up, compared with controls (P = 0.0034). The impact of receiving elevated risk information on intentions varied by source and combination of risks presented. Non‐elevated genetic risk did not lower intentions. No group differences were observed for self‐reported weight.ConclusionsGenetic risk information for obesity may add value to lifestyle risk information depending on the context in which it is presented.
Metabolomics‐guided insights on bariatric surgery versus behavioral interventions for weight loss
Authors: Tulipani Sara , Griffin Jules , Palau‐Rodriguez Magali , Mora‐Cubillos Ximena , Bernal‐Lopez Rosa M. , Tinahones Francisco J. , Corkey Barbara E. , Andres‐Lacueva Cristina 
Published: November 2016

ObjectiveTo review the metabolomic studies carried out so far to identify metabolic markers associated with surgical and dietary treatments for weight loss in subjects with obesity.MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed.ResultsThirty‐two studies successfully met the eligibility criteria. The metabolic adaptations shared by surgical and dietary interventions mirrored a state of starvation ketoacidosis (increase of circulating ketone bodies), an increase of acylcarnitines and fatty acid β‐oxidation, a decrease of specific amino acids including branched‐chain amino acids (BCAA) and (lyso)glycerophospholipids previously associated with obesity, and adipose tissue expansion. The metabolic footprint of bariatric procedures was specifically characterized by an increase of bile acid circulating pools and a decrease of ceramide levels, a greater perioperative decline in BCAA, and the rise of circulating serine and glycine, mirroring glycemic control and inflammation improvement. In one study, 3‐hydroxybutyrate was particularly identified as an early metabolic marker of long‐term prognosis after surgery and proposed to increase current prognostic modalities and contribute to personalized treatment.ConclusionsMetabolomics helped in deciphering the metabolic response to weight loss treatments. Moving from association to causation is the next challenge to move to a further level of clinical application.
Care management for foreign children, adolescents, young adults with cancer, and their families
Authors: Gaudichon Jérémie , Toscani Sandra , Cohen‐Gogo Sarah , Saulpic Juliette , Surun Aurore , Sakiroglu Oya , Doz François , Michon Jean , Orbach Daniel 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about care management for foreign patients in pediatric oncology in European centers. We aimed to describe care given to children, adolescents, and young adults who came to France for cancer treatment, and to determine whether their geographical origin had an influence on decision making.ProcedureWe conducted a monocentric retrospective study on all foreign patients aged 0–25 years and hospitalized for at least one night in Institut Curie (Paris, France) from 2009 to 2013. We analyzed the potential advantages of receiving treatment in France as well as their social and familial consequences.ResultsA total of 93 foreign patients’ files were retrieved. Most of these patients came from Africa (70%). In accord with the specific expertise of the institution, retinoblastoma was the most frequent tumor type (39%). An antitumor treatment had already been administrated in the native country in 44% of patients. We considered that 66% of patients received a significant medical advantage from care in our institution. The treatment provided in France was considered impossible in the native country in 44% of cases. The social and familial impact on the patients’ families was high (59%). Almost all patients (96%) received the treatment that would have been proposed to their French counterparts.ConclusionsThere were notable medical advantages for foreign patients who come to France for their oncologic treatment despite important familial consequences. Patients’ geographical origin did not have an influence on medical decisions.
Long‐term survivors of childhood bone and soft tissue sarcomas are at risk of hospitalization
Authors: Gonzalez Cristian D. , Randall R. Lor , Wright Jennifer , Spraker‐Perlman Holly , Ying Jian , Sweeney Carol , Smith Ken R. , Kirchhoff Anne C. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundChildhood cancer survivors can have a high burden of chronic conditions related to cancer treatment, some of which are debilitating or potentially life‐threatening. Much remains to be learned about late effects in bone and soft tissue sarcoma survivors.ProceduresThe Utah Cancer Registry was used to identify survivors of bone (N = 71) and soft tissue sarcomas (N = 98) who were diagnosed at ages 0–20 years between 1973 and 2007 and were alive at least 5 years after diagnosis. We selected an age–sex‐matched comparison cohort (N = 934). Hospitalizations from 1996 to 2012 were extracted from the Utah Department of Health statewide inpatient hospitalization discharge records. Cox, Poisson, and Gamma regressions were used to evaluate the risk of hospitalization, rate of admission, and length of stay for survivors versus the comparison cohort. Primary ICD‐9 codes defined the most common reasons for hospitalizations.ResultsThe hazard ratio (HR) of any hospitalization was higher for survivors in reference to the comparison cohort (HR = 2.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51–2.97). Survivors experienced more hospital admissions (rate ratio [RR] = 4.58, 95% CI 3.92–5.35) and longer length of stay (RR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.12–1.46) compared with the comparison cohort. Survivors treated with any chemotherapy were at three‐fold higher risk (HR = 3.37, 95% CI 1.94–5.83) of hospitalization compared with survivors who received surgery and/or radiation alone. Among hospitalized survivors, the most common reason was injury for bone tumor (26.8%) and neoplasm for soft tissue sarcoma (12.2%).ConclusionChildhood survivors of bone tumor and soft tissue sarcoma face ongoing risk of hospitalization for years after diagnosis.
Factors predicting emotional cue‐responding behaviors of nurses in Taiwan: An observational study
Authors: Lin Mei‐Feng , Lee An‐Yu , Chou Cheng‐Chen , Liu Tien‐Yu , Tang Chia‐Chun 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectiveResponding to emotional cues is an essential element of therapeutic communication. The purpose of this study is to examine nurses' competence of responding to emotional cues (CRE) and related factors while interacting with standardized patients with cancer.MethodsThis is an exploratory and predictive correlational study. A convenience sample of registered nurses who have passed the probationary period in southern Taiwan was recruited to participate in 15‐minute videotaped interviews with standardized patients. The Medical Interview Aural Rating Scale was used to describe standardized patients' emotional cues and to measure nurses' CRE. The State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to evaluate nurses' anxiety level before the conversation. We used descriptive statistics to describe the data and stepwise regression to examine the predictors of nurses' CRE.ResultsA total of 110 nurses participated in the study. Regardless of the emotional cue level, participants predominately responded to cues with inappropriate distancing strategies. Prior formal communication training, practice unit, length of nursing practice, and educational level together explain 36.3% variances of the nurses' CRE.ConclusionsThis study is the first to explore factors related to Taiwanese nurses' CRE. Compared to nurses in other countries, Taiwanese nurses tended to respond to patients' emotional cues with more inappropriate strategies. We also identified significant predictors of CRE that show the importance of communication training. Future research and education programs are needed to enhance nurses' CRE and to advocate for emotion‐focused communication.
Is there a relationship between objectively measured cognitive changes in patients with solid tumours undergoing chemotherapy treatment and their health‐related quality of life outcomes? A systematic review
Authors: Dwek Marie‐Rose , Rixon Lorna , Hurt Catherine , Simon Alice , Newman Stanton 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundThis systematic review examines whether there is a relationship between objective measures of chemotherapy‐related cognitive impairment in patients with solid cancer tumours and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL).MethodsMultiple online databases were searched (including Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, CINAHL, PubMed, and Web of Science) to identify articles published between 1980 and 2016 examining the extent of chemotherapy‐related cognitive deficit and its relationship with HRQoL in cancer patients. Of 2769 potentially relevant articles, 17 studies met the inclusion criteria for the current review.ResultsEvidence for the presence of cognitive impairment in patients treated with chemotherapy was found in 15 of the 17 studies. Of the 15 studies finding some sort of cognitive impairment, 12 were in female breast cancer patients, 2 in bowel cancer, and 1 each in ovarian and lung cancer. Three of the 15 studies found a significant relationship between various objectively measured cognitively impaired domains and specific HRQoL outcomes. There was, however, only limited testing of the relationships between quantifiable cognitive dysfunction and HRQoL domains.ConclusionsThis review suggests that in patients with solid tumours, where there is a relationship between chemotherapy treatment and cognitive impairment, the type and level of cognitive decline does not consistently appear to affect such patients' HRQoL. This could be partly explained by variations in study design, measures used, definitions of cognitive impairment, varying measurement time frames, small sample sizes, and differences in disease severity and type of treatment regimes.
Synchronization of stochastic complex dynamical networks under self‐triggered control
Authors: Xing Mali , Deng Feiqi , Zhao Xueyan 
Published: November 2016

SummaryIn this paper, we investigate the mean square exponential synchronization of stochastic nonlinear complex dynamical networks with or without communication delays. A new self‐triggered mechanism is proposed to reduce the amount of communication while preserving the desired system's performance. Under this mechanism, the next sampling instant is dynamically determined by the latest transmitted state rather than the online detection of the event‐triggered condition. Meanwhile, we show that the inter‐execution time of self‐triggered mechanism is bounded by a strictly positive constant, and the maximal allowable delay of the underlying system is given. A simulation is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed self‐triggered scenario. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evidence of Middle School Science Assessment Practice From Classroom‐Based Portfolios
Authors: KLOSER MATTHEW , BORKO HILDA , MARTÍNEZ JOSÉ FELIPE , STECHER BRIAN , LUSKIN REBECCA 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTAssessments are powerful tools for informing teachers and students about where student thinking stands with relation to a learning goal. Yet, few studies provide qualitative analyses of assessment practice across a unit. This study uses a framework of nine dimensions of effective assessment practice in science classrooms to compare more and less effective assessment practice among a purposive sample of middle school science teachers. Participating teachers collected 10 days of assessment artifacts, lesson plans, and student work for a science unit. Our comparison indicated that particular dimensions, such as setting goals, aligning assessments with goals, frequency, and variety of assessment, can be addressed relatively easily by teachers whose overall collection of artifacts were rated in the top and bottom quartile. However, dimensions that take into account the quality or depth of student learning, such as the cognitive complexity of the task, the type of feedback that is provided, or how well teachers adapt instruction based on information from assessments, differ more significantly among teachers in our sample. The conceptualization of these nine dimensions along with evidence from actual classrooms across consecutive instructional days targets areas for professional development and teacher education.
A certificate‐based proxy signature with message recovery without bilinear pairing
Authors: Mahmoodi Ali , Mohajery Javad , Salmasizadeh Mahmoud 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we propose the first provable secure certificate‐based proxy signature (CBPS) with message recovery without bilinear pairing. In 2003, Gentry introduced the concept of certificate‐based cryptography to solve certificate management and key escrow problems in public key infrastructure and identity‐based cryptosystems, respectively. Because the overall cost of pairing computation is higher than scalar multiplication (e.g., over elliptic curve group), consequently, the CBPS schemes without pairings would be more efficient. According to the available research in this regard, our scheme is the first provable secure CBPS scheme with message recovery that is based on the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem. We prove the security of the presented scheme in the random oracle model against existential forgery under adaptive chosen message and ID attacks. Moreover, the paper will also show how it would be possible to convert this scheme to the CBPS scheme without message recovery. This scheme has more applications in cases with constrain power and restricted bandwidth. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Principles of brain development
Authors: Stiles Joan 
Published: December 2016

Throughout much of the 20th century, the major models of brain development were strongly deterministic. It was thought that brain development proceeds via a prescribed blueprint that is somehow innately specified in the organism. Contemporary models present a distinctly different view of both inheritance and brain development. First, we do not inherit blueprints or plans, we inherit genes and the cellular machinery for expressing them. Genes carry essential information for creating proteins, but do not determine biological processes or developmental outcomes; the first cells contain the elements necessary for creating proteins based on the information coded in the nucleotide sequences of genes. Second, brain development is dynamic: the biological state of the brain at any moment is the product of developmental processes that involve an intricate interplay among genes and an ever‐expanding range of environmental factors—from local cellular events to influences from the outside world. In science, models matter. They reflect underlying assumptions about how things can happen, and thus influence the kinds of questions we ask, the kinds of experiments we propose, the therapies we develop, and the educational curricula we construct. The dynamic model of brain development accounts for powerful neurobehavioral effects that can simply not be accommodated by deterministic models. WIREs Cogn Sci 2017, 8:e1402. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1402This article is categorized under:

Neuroscience > Development
Functional development of the brain's face‐processing system
Authors: Haist Frank , Anzures Gizelle 
Published: December 2016

In the first 20 years of life, the human brain undergoes tremendous growth in size, weight, and synaptic connectedness. Over the same time period, a person achieves remarkable transformations in perception, thought, and behavior. One important area of development is face processing ability, or the ability to quickly and accurately extract extensive information about a person's identity, emotional state, attractiveness, intention, and numerous other types of information that are crucial to everyday social interaction and communication. Associating particular brain changes with specific behavioral and intellectual developments has historically been a serious challenge for researchers. Fortunately, modern neuroimaging is dramatically advancing our ability to make associations between morphological and behavioral developments. In this article, we demonstrate how neuroimaging has revolutionized our understanding of the development of face processing ability to show that this essential perceptual and cognitive skill matures consistently yet slowly over the first two decades of life. In this manner, face processing is a model system of many areas of complex cognitive development. WIREs Cogn Sci 2017, 8:e1423. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1423This article is categorized under:

Psychology > Development and Aging
Neuroscience > Cognition
Post‐resection Prognosis of Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma‐Cholangiocarcinoma According to the 2010 WHO Classification
Authors: Jung Dong‐Hwan , Hwang Shin , Hong Seung‐Mo , Chung Yong‐Kyu , Song Gi‐Won , Lee Young‐Joo , Kim Ki‐Hun , Ahn Chul‐Soo , Moon Deok‐Bog , Ha Tae‐Yong , Park Gil‐Chun , Lee Han Chu , Lim Young‐Suk , Yu Eun Sil , Lee Sung‐Gyu 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundCombined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (cHC) has wide histological diversity. We intended to investigate the prognostic influence of tumor types of cHC.MethodsWe analyzed the clinical and pathological features of cHC along 2010 WHO classification. Study group was 100 cHC patients who underwent primary resection. Control group comprised 200 propensity score‐matched patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).ResultsIn cHC group, tumor diameter was 4.4 ± 2.8 cm and 95 patients had single tumor. They were classified as classical type in 46 and subtypes with stem cell (SC) features in 54. Subtypes with SC features included typical in 16, intermediate cell in 22, and cholangiolocellular in 16. Their 1‐ and 3‐year tumor recurrence rates were 31.7 and 59.8%; and 1‐ and 3‐year patient survival rates were 92.5 and 77.3%, respectively. Tumor recurrence (p = 0.008) and patient survival (p = 0.005) rates were different according to tumor types. Further stratification by subtypes with SC features resulted in prognostic stratification in tumor recurrence (p = 0.045) and patient survival (p = 0.042). However, tumor stage was the only independent risk factor for tumor recurrence and patient survival. Comparing with ICC control group, cHC group showed no significant difference in rates of tumor recurrence (p = 0.523), but better survival outcomes (p = 0.008). Median post‐recurrence patient survival period was 20 months in cHC patients and 6 months in ICC patients (p = 0.001).ConclusionsOur results indicated that there would be close relationship between the post‐resection prognosis and histological types according to the 2010 WHO classification, but these histological types did not become an independent prognostic factor.