bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilience and strengths in the Black autism community in the United States: A scoping review
Authors: Davis Amber M. , Telfer Nicole A. , Artis Jonet , Abubakare Oluwatobi , Keller‐Bell Yolanda D. , Caruthers Carmen , Jones Desiree R. , Pierce Nigel P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGaps in research knowledge pertaining to resiliency factors and strengths among the Black autism community, inclusive of autistic persons and their support system exist. A scoping review was conducted to further explore quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies that investigate resiliency factors and related strengths in the Black autism community in the United States. A total of 436 articles were identified, with 28 studies included in the final review. Results demonstrated that (1) strengths of Black autistic persons across the life course have been disregarded in research; (2) Black caregiver advocacy, while common, is also a developmental process that can be supported by community‐based interventions; (3) informal supports including family and friends play an instrumental role in supporting the well‐under investigated being of Black parents of autistic children; and (4) spirituality is often endorsed by Black caregivers of autistic children, such as playing a role in acceptance of the autism diagnosis and with coping with difficult life situations. Research and practice implications are discussed.
The proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle stem cells are enhanced in a bioreactor
Authors: Lin Wei‐Hsuan , Tzeng Chung‐Yuh , Kao Fan‐Che , Tsao Chia‐Wen , Li Ning , Wu Chuan‐Che , Lee Sheng‐Huei , Huang Kai‐Fan , Hu Wei‐Wen , Chen Shen‐Liang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSkeletal muscle (SKM) is the largest organ in mammalian body and it can repair damages by using the residential myogenic stem cells (MuSC), but this repairing capacity reduces with age and in some genetic muscular dystrophy. Under these circumstances, artificial amplification of autologous MuSC in vitro might be necessary to repair the damaged SKM. The amplification of MuSC is highly dependent on myogenic signals, such as sonic hedgehog (Shh), Wnt3a, and fibroblast growth factors, so formulating an optimum myogenic kit composed of specific myogenic signals might increase the proliferation and differentiation of MuSC efficiently. In this study, various myogenic signals have been tested on C2C12 myoblasts and primary MuSC, and a myogenic kit consists of insulin, lithium chloride, T3, and retinoic acid has been formulated, and we found it significantly increased the fusion index and MHC expression level of both C2C12 and MuSC myotubes. A novel bioreactor providing cyclic stretching (CS) and electrical stimulation (ES) has been fabricated to enhance the myogenic differentiation of both C2C12 and MuSC. We further found that coating the bioreactor substratum with collagen gave the best effect on proliferation and differentiation of MuSC. Furthermore, combining the collagen coating and physical stimuli (CS + ES) in the bioreactor can generate more proliferative primary MuSC cells. Our results have demonstrated that the combination of myogenic kit and bioreactor can provide environment for efficient MuSC proliferation and differentiation. These MuSC and mature myotubes amplified in the bioreactor might be useful for clinical grafting into damaged SKM in the future.
Transforming academic assessment: The metaverse‐backed Web 3 secure exam system
Authors: Razzaq Abdul , Zhang Tao , Numair Muhammad , Alreshidi Abdulrahman , Jing Cheng , Aljaloud Abdulaziz , Ghayyur Shahbaz A. K. , Ahmed Salman , Qurat Ul Ain Mumtaz 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMetaverse—a three‐dimensional computational environment—combines physical and virtual reality to enable social relationships and immersive experiences by mimicking real‐world scenarios. Metaverse is considered the third wave of the internet revolution (exploiting Web 3.0), leveraging upcoming technologies such as extended reality and artificial intelligence shaping a new era of human–‐machine interactions. In recent years, increased research and development on educational technologies (EduTech) based on blockchain technology has seen substantial growth of metaverse‐based solutions within the higher education context. This research aims to synergize blockchain technology and metaverse environments to conduct online exams (metaExam) in a trustworthy, reliable, and secure way. The synergy between blockchain and the metaverse brings various benefits, such as improved security, cost effectiveness, and increased efficiency in the online examination process. One of the central features of the proposed solution metaExam is to leverage cryptographic protocols via blockchain to control data access, making verification faster and protecting against misuse. Exam scores and grades are stored on a blockchain ledger using a digital signature method to enhance security. We validated the proposed solution by testing a prototype on the Ethereum platform using the Sepolia Testnet network using Microsoft Windows environment. Evaluation results indicate (i) query response time (10–50 ms), (ii) and query execution performance (CPU utilization between 1%–5%) offering computationally feasible solution. This research contributes by integrating blockchain and metaverse technologies to offer a solution metaExam that can offer improved security and immersive user experience for exam management. The proposed solution and its validation can provide insights into transforming online exams, offering a fresh perspective on addressing concerns about exam grade authenticity and verifying academic credentials in EduTech.
IPLOT‐VKA: An Integral‐Method Powell‐pLOT‐Enhanced Visual Kinetic Analysis for the Determination of Orders of Reaction
Authors: Landi Alessandro , Monaco Guglielmo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDetermination of partial orders of reactions in kinetics is a general entry step for any mechanistic investigation; recently, considerable attention has been given to the benefits of using visual methods to help in this task, such as easy utilization and data‐efficiency. In this respect, we here revisit and improve the classic method by Powell and Margerison for kinetic analysis. For the first time, analytical equations for a bimolecular reaction have been worked out for all values of partial orders of reactions, and the solutions have been implemented in a free, open‐access and easy‐to‐use Web‐application, named IPLOT‐VKA, which also allows estimation of the errors on the kinetic constant, and residual standard error on concentrations. Several examples, taken from reference teaching experiences and from recent literature in catalysis show the efficacy and accuracy of our approach, which also has the advantage of requiring less experimental runs than other visual methods currently available.
Cyclization by Intramolecular Suzuki‐Miyaura Cross‐Coupling–A Review
Authors: Caso Carolina , Altmann Karl‐Heinz 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRing systems of all sizes are frequent core or substructures in natural products and they are important elements of many drug molecules, as they often confer high binding affinity to and selectivity for disease‐relevant biological targets. A uniform key transformation in the synthesis of such structures is the cyclization step. Among the various approaches that have been developed for ring closure, the intramolecular Suzuki‐Miyaura reaction has emerged as a powerful option for the construction of normal‐ and medium‐sized rings as well as macrocycles, due to its stereospecificity, the mild reaction conditions, and the non‐toxic nature of the boron by‐products. In this review, we summarize the state‐of‐the‐art of the application of intramolecular Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions in the construction of (macro)cyclic frameworks of natural products and bioactive molecules of synthetic origin, covering (mostly) examples that have been reported since 2015. Target molecules prepared via intramolecular Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling as a key step range from natural products/natural product analogs to synthetic drug candidates, featuring ring sizes from 4 to ≫12. We highlight the utility, scope, and limitations of the reaction for different ring sizes and arrays of functional groups. Where possible, comparisons with other methods of cyclization are provided.
Minimizing perovskite solar cells' lead leakage with a cost‐effective and 160 days stable encapsulant
Authors: Liu Haoxuan , Li Can , Zhang Zongxu , Shi Yating , Zhang Fei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPerovskite solar cells' (PSCs) potential lead leakage seriously threatens ecosystems and human health, significantly hindering their commercialization. In this paper, we develope a cost‐effective (less than 2$/m2) and long‐term stable SSP film by mixing sulfonated SiO2 with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Combined with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) forming the encapsulation layer, it can effectively prevent over 99% of lead leakage under simulated adverse weather conditions with different structures of devices (p‐i‐n and n‐i‐p) and modules. Even after 160 days of air storage, the film maintains excellent lead sequestration efficiency. Additionally, it has no negative impact on the performance and stability. This work offers a practical and economical strategy to mitigate the toxicity of perovskite photovoltaic devices, thereby promoting their commercialization.image
Distributary channel type and high‐quality reservoirs in tight sandstone—A case study on the outcrops and reservoirs of Xujiahe formation in Western Sichuan Basin
Authors: Zhao Junwei , Zhang Ling , Tian Lei , Yang Yingtao , Chen Gongyang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe distributary channels in shallow‐water delta are well‐developed in tight sandstone. There are few studies on the channel type and diagenetic differences among them. To illustrate the relationship between channel types and high‐quality reservoirs, this study summarizes the lithofacies types and sequences in the second member of the Xujiahe Formation. We use core data, outcrops, and modern sediments observation, scanning energy spectrum, and rock thin sections. The lithofacies can be divided into 15 types, and there are four types of vertical lithofacies sequence. Lithofacies sequences are different in lithofacies, channel scale, reservoir porosity and permeability, and so forth. They are formed in various hydrodynamic environments. With the continuous bifurcation of the channels, the width and depth of the channels are decreasing, forming different lithofacies sequences. Four types of distributary channels are classified. The characteristics of these channels are described, and the sedimentary models are established. Distributary channel types are related to the diagenetic process. Channel type I and the bottom of type II develop moderate compaction–dissolution diagenetic facies, the middle and upper parts of type II and type III can develop strong compaction, moderate compaction–dissolution, or strong cementation diagenetic facies, and type IV can develop strong compaction diagenetic facies. High‐quality reservoirs are developed in limitedly distributed in distributary channels of type I and type II, and part of type III. This study provides a useful view for evaluating high‐quality reservoirs based on distributary channel types.
Sirolimus for kaposiform hemangioendothelioma: Potential mechanisms of action and resistance
Authors: Qiu Tong , Xiang Shanshan , Zhou Jiangyuan , Yang Min , Lan Yuru , Zhang Xuepeng , Gong Xue , Zhang Zixin , Ji Yi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractKaposiform hemangioendotheliomas (KHEs) are vascular tumors that are considered borderline or locally aggressive and may lead to lethal outcomes. Traditional therapies, such as surgery and embolization, may be insufficient or technically impossible for patients with KHE. Sirolimus (or rapamycin), a specific inhibitor of mechanistic target of rapamycin, has recently been demonstrated to be very useful in the treatment of KHEs. Here, we highlight recent substantial progress regarding the effects of sirolimus on KHEs and discuss the potential mechanisms of action of sirolimus in treating this disease. The prevention of platelet activation and inflammation, along with antiangiogenic effects, the inhibition of lymphangiogenesis, the attenuation of fibrosis, or a combination of all these effects, may be responsible for the therapeutic effects of sirolimus. In addition, the mechanism of sirolimus resistance in some KHE patients is discussed. Finally, we review the somatic mutations that have recently been identified in KEH lesions, and discuss the potential of novel therapeutic targets based on these further understandings of the cellular and molecular pathogenesis of KHE.
Transgenic overexpression of the miR‐200b/200a/429 cluster prevents mammary tumor initiation in Neu/Erbb2 transgenic mice
Authors: Watson Katrina L. , Moorehead Roger A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAlthough significant progress in the treatment of breast cancer has been achieved, toxic therapies would not be required if breast cancer could be prevented from developing in the first place. While breast cancer prevention is difficult to study in humans due to long disease latency and stochastic cancer development, transgenic mouse models with 100% incidence and defined mammary tumor onset, provide excellent models for tumor prevention studies. In this study, we used Neu/Erbb2 transgenic mice (MTB‐TAN) as a model of human HER2+ breast cancer to investigate whether a family of microRNAs, known as the miR‐200 family, can prevent mammary tumor development. Overexpression of Neu induced palpable mammary tumors in 100% of the mice within 38 days of Neu overexpression. When the miR‐200b/200a/429 cluster was co‐overexpressed with Neu in the same mammary epithelial cells (MTB‐TANba429 mice), the miR‐200b/200a/429 cluster prevented Neu from inducing mammary epithelial hyperplasia and mammary tumor development. RNA sequencing revealed alterations in the extracellular matrix of the mammary gland and a decrease in stromal cells including myoepithelial cells in Neu transgenic mice. Immunohistochemistry for smooth muscle actin confirmed that mammary epithelial cells in control and MTB‐TANba429 mice were surrounded by a layer of myoepithelial cells and these myoepithelial cells were lost in MTB‐TAN mice with hyperplasia. Thus, we have shown for the first time that elevated expression of miR‐200 family members in mammary epithelial cells can completely prevent mammary tumor development in Neu transgenic mice possibly through regulating myoepithelial cells.
Association between initial antibiotic route and outcomes for children hospitalized with pneumonia
Authors: Cotter Jillian M. , Zaniletti Isabella , Williams Derek J. , Ramgopal Sriram , Fritz Cristin Q. , Taft Maia , Hall Matt , Temte Elizabeth , Stassun Justine , Trivedi Krishna , Kapes Jack , Lavey Jack , Kempe Allison , Ambroggio Lilliam 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundInitial oral antibiotics may be as effective as intravenous (IV) antibiotics for children hospitalized with community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP), but further data are needed.ObjectiveWe evaluated for associations of initial antibiotic route (IV vs. oral) with length of stay (LOS) and secondary outcomes for children hospitalized with CAP.MethodsThis multicenter, retrospective cohort study included children with CAP who were hospitalized for >48 h, had chest radiographs, and received antibiotics at four children's hospitals between 2014 and 2020. Data were obtained from the Pediatric Health Information System and manual chart review. The exposure was initial antibiotic route (i.e., first antibiotic given intravenously or orally). We performed multivariable regression modeling using inverse probability treatment weights from propensity scores. Outcomes included LOS, oxygen duration, cost, care escalation, and readmission or emergency department revisit.ResultsOf 1147 included children, 37% received initial oral antibiotics. Within the propensity balanced sample, LOS was 73.5 h (IQR 61.0, 99.5) and 78.7 (61.0, 118.0) for patients with initial oral and IV antibiotics, respectively. Children receiving initial oral antibiotics had an 8% reduction in LOS (OR 0.92 [95% CI: 0.87, 0.94]) and 14% reduction in cost (OR 0.86 [95% CI 0.79, 0.94]) versus those receiving initial IV antibiotics. There were no differences in other outcomes.ConclusionsChildren with CAP receiving initial oral antibiotics had reduced LOS and hospital cost without differences in escalated care or return visits. Starting hospitalized children on oral antibiotics is likely a safe and effective alternative to IV treatment.
Innovation Through Conceptual Research: Tips for Stoking Curiosity
Authors: Wen Jun 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTConceptual research represents a critical step in the theory‐building process and contributes innovative ideas that inspire empirical studies. This feature article highlights the importance of such research in academia with examples drawn from the tourism literature. It also critically discusses issues related to publishing conceptual research in premier journals. By using a five‐dimension framework of curiosity (i.e., deprivation sensitivity, joyous exploration, social curiosity, stress tolerance, and thrill seeking), scholars can assess researchers’ conceptual topics and readers’ responses when contemplating “what's new” to gauge a paper's publication potential. Several tips are offered to guide like‐minded scholars in conducting sound conceptual research: (1) interdisciplinary work offers sterling opportunities for investigators to collaboratively address pain points in society, highlighting tourism as part of the solution; (2) writing science is an art meant to communicate insights to interested parties, and effective message delivery helps to ensure impactful research that will engage stakeholders; and (3) with the proliferation of artificial intelligence, conceptual research presents a chance to bring human (and humanity)‐oriented issues to life. Overall, conceptual research opens an avenue through which scholars can make a difference in their and other disciplines as well as for society.
Association between consensus‐based nutrition pathway and growth faltering in infants with gastroschisis: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Strobel Katie M. , Kramer Katelin , Rottkamp Catherine , Uy Cherry , Fernandez Erika , Moyer Laurel , Elashoff David , Sabnis Animesh , DeUgarte Daniel A. , Calkins Kara L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe University of California Fetal Consortium published that 55% of infants with gastroschisis develop growth faltering by hospital discharge. To address this problem, we developed a nutrition pathway emphasizing (1) early provision of parenteral macronutrients, (2) use of human milk, and (3) growth faltering treatment. This study's goals were to assess adherence to and efficacy of this pathway in infants with gastroschisis across six California hospitals.MethodsIn 2015, the consortium standardized the care for infants with gastroschisis. To decrease growth faltering rates, between 2019 and 2020, nutrition guidelines were proposed, discussed, revised, and initiated. This study's primary outcome was weight or linear growth faltering (z score decline ≥0.8 in weight or length) at hospital discharge. Adherence measures were assessed.ResultsOne hundred twenty‐six infants with gastroschisis were born prepathway; 52 were born postpathway. Median gestational age was similar between cohorts. Adherence to components of the pathway ranged from 58% to 95%. The proportion of infants with weight or linear growth faltering at discharge was lower after pathway initiation (59.4% vs 36.2%, P = 0.0068). Adjusting for gestational age and fetal growth restriction, the pathway was associated with decreased weight or linear growth faltering (odds ratio [OR] 0.35 [0.16–0.75], P = 0.0060) and decreased linear growth faltering (OR 0.24 [0.096–0.56], P = 0.0062) at discharge. Hypertriglyceridemia, cholestasis, and days to full feeds were similar to published cohorts.ConclusionFewer infants with gastroschisis experienced weight or length growth faltering at hospital discharge following the implementation of a multicenter nutrition pathway.
High accuracy of component positioning and restoration of lower limb alignment using robotic medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Diquattro Emanuele , Lettner Jonathan , Adriani Marco , Prill Robert , Salzmann Mikhail , Becker Roland 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeUnicondylar arthroplasty was performed using robotic medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (R‐mUKA) and gap‐balancing instrumentation. Our hypothesis was that robotic unicondylar knee arthroplasty accurately restores component positioning and lower limb alignment when compared to preoperative planning with actual implantation throughout the range of knee motion due to proper knee balancing.MethodsData were collected prospectively and were analysed for patients undergoing RM‐UKA. A cemented UKA was implanted using the MAKO® robotic system. Lower limb alignment at 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° of flexion was recorded of the native knee, with the trial components in place and finally after component implantation. A spacer according to the femorotibial gap was introduced and the alignment was measured. The position of the final component was planned based on three‐dimensional computed tomography images before making the bone cuts. The positioning of the femoral and tibial components was analysed in all three planes.ResultsA total of 52 patients were included (mean age 66.3 ± 6.7 years; 34 males, 18 females). The difference in femoral component position after planning and final implantation was 0.04° ± 0.58° more valgus in the coronal plane (p = 0.326) and 0.6° ± 1.4° more flexion relative to the sagittal plane (p = 0.034). The tibial component was placed in the coronal plane in 0.3° ± 0.8° of more varus (p = 0.113) and in the sagittal plane in 0.6° ± 1.2° of more posterior tibial slope (p = 0.001). Lower limb alignment of the native knee in extension was 5.8° ± 2.6° of varus and changed to 3° ± 2.1° varus after UKA (p ≤ 0.01).ConclusionR‐mUKA helps to achieve the target of alignment and component position without any significant differences to the planning. Ligament balancing causes non‐significant changes in component position. It allows optimal component position even for off‐the‐shelf implants respecting the patient's specific anatomy.Level of evidenceII