bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myxofibrosarcoma of unusual sites
Authors: Tjarks B. Joel , Ko Jennifer S. , Billings Steven D. 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundMyxofibrosarcoma classically presents as a painless mass in the proximal extremities. Cutaneous myxofibrosarcomas arising in the head and neck and distal extremities are extremely uncommon. We present a series of 6 cases of myxofibrosarcoma presenting in the head and neck and acral locations.MethodsArchives were searched using the term “myxofibrosarcoma” over a 6‐year period (2009‐2015). The clinicopathologic features of myxofibrosarcoma were recorded. Cases in the head and neck or acral locations were retrieved. When available, the patient's medical records were reviewed.ResultsNinety‐five cases of myxofibrosarcoma were identified over a 6‐year period. Six patients were identified with myxofibrosarcoma arising in the head (n = 4, M:F 3:1), hand (n = 1, F) and foot (n = 1, F). Each had typical features of myxofibrosarcoma. Two of the tumors on the head were high‐grade and had multiple recurrences, while the remaining 2 were intermediate grade. Both acral tumors were intermediate grade and 1 recurred locally within a year of diagnosis.ConclusionsMyxofibrosarcoma may rarely involve the head and neck and acral locations, and presentation in these sites is a potential source of diagnostic difficulty. Recognition of the characteristic histologic features of myxofibrosarcoma in conjunction with judicial use of immunohistochemical stains should allow for accurate diagnosis.
Effective education and communication strategies to promote environmental engagement
Authors: Zaval Lisa , Cornwell James F. M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCommunicators of climate science seek ways to better educate and motivate individuals to personally commit to sustainable, energy‐saving activities. However, critical psychological and social barriers to conservation make this task challenging. Behavioural scientists are well aware of the difficulties that individuals and groups have in responding effectively to information surrounding climate change and have used these insights to develop a number of techniques to aid in persuading people of the importance of the issue and motivating adaptive behavioural responses. This article consolidates research findings from behavioural economics, decision science, and social psychology to explore key insights and evidence around effective climate change education strategies aimed at enhancing conservation behaviours, including analyses of cognitive bias, social influences, values, and communication strategies. In addition, we note international, academic‐private partnerships that have used interventions suggested by behavioural science to dramatic effects. We conclude by addressing implications for policymakers.
Evaluation of the functions of the temporary catheter with various tip types
Authors: Ogawa Tomonari , Sasaki Yusuke , Kanayama Yuki , Yasuda Kunihiko , Okada Yoshimi , Kogure Yuta , Sano Tatsuro , Hatano Minoru , Hara Hiroaki , Kanozawa Koichi , Hasegawa Hajime 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIntroduction: A temporary catheter (TC) is used short‐term and for emergencies. There are some cases when we cannot withdraw blood immediately after inserting the catheter in our patients. The reason is said to be the tips of the TC sticking to the vascular walls.Objective: We evaluated examined 3 catheters with different tip shapes in a simulation circuit to assess the effect on the blood flow.Methods: Water was circulated in the simulation circuit at 1 L/minute. Next, we inserted each TC into the model, and the TCs were connected to the dialysis circuit at 200 mL/minute. We put gold powder into the simulation circuit. We visually observed the movement of the gold power at the head of the catheter and measured the recirculation rate.Result: The uplift type TC was able to perform blood removal and reinfusion with the least difficulties. All recirculation rates were less than 1%. The hindrance caused by hitting a vascular wall is believed to have been reduced.Conclusion: With the manipulation of the catheter tip shapes, blood was able to circulate smoothly. We expect less blood clots and a decrease in sticking to the vascular wall. We plan to study these 3 catheters at clinical tests in the future.
A case of hypothermia on CRRT
Authors: Kaur Gurwant , Banoth Prameela , Yerram Preethi , Misra Madhukar 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA 64‐year‐old Asian man, with past medical history of hypertension, hypothyroidism, and hyperlipidemia, presented with 3 days history of fever associated with cough and worsening shortness of breath. Subsequent clinical course was complicated by acute lung injury leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring positive pressure ventilation, septic shock requiring inotropic support, and acute kidney injury requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). On day 3 of CRRT, the patient developed significant hypothermia (temporal temperature 27.5°C), which was successfully managed. Continuous renal replacement therapy was subsequently discontinued as renal function recovered and the patient was discharged home after a prolonged hospital stay. He currently remains off dialysis and is being followed as an outpatient for chronic kidney disease. In this article, we examine various aspects of pathophysiology and management of hypothermia on CRRT and review relevant literature in this field.
Psychometric properties of the Parental Feeding Behaviours Questionnaire for Indonesian parents of young children
Authors: Lusmilasari Lely , Chaiyawat Waraporn , Rodcumdee Branom 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPurposeThe objective of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the Parental Feeding Behaviours Questionnaire (PFBQ) to measure feeding behaviours of Indonesian parents of toddlers (young children).MethodsA total of 696 parents of toddlers were obtained by convenience sampling during September 2013 to April 2014. To validate the PFBQ, confirmatory factor analysis and the contrasted group technique were conducted. Reliability of this instrument was examined by construct reliability and test‐retest reliability.ResultsResults showed that the regression coefficients of all 56 indicators were statistically significant (P < 0.001). The contrasted group technique showed significantly different parental feeding behaviours between parents of well‐nourished and malnourished toddlers (P = 0.047). The test‐retest reliability of the PFBQ was acceptable (Pearson correlation = 0.644), and the construct reliability ranged from 0.88 to 0.96.ConclusionsThe PFBQ is a valid and reliable instrument; however, more studies are required to identify acceptable tools to measure more culturally diverse range of parental feeding behaviours.
Accuracy of the pacemaker event recorder versus Holter‐ECG to detect both symptomatic and asymptomatic ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Sampaio Stela Maria Vitorino , Craveiro Neyle Moara , Darrieux Francisco , de Oliveira Ítalo Martins , Scanavacca Mauricio , Hachul Denise 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundAlthough new pacemakers can register cardiac rhythm, few studies were performed evaluating their accuracy in diagnosing ventricular arrhythmias (VA). This study aimed to assess the correlation and agreement between the pacemaker's monitor and the ambulatory Holter in detecting VA.Methods and resultsWe studied 129 patients with pacemakers, mean age 68.6 ± 19.1 years, 54.8% female. Once Holter monitoring was connected, the pacemakers’ event counters were reset and clocks of both systems were synchronized to register electrocardiograms (ECG) simultaneously. Pacemakers were programmed to detect the lowest ventricular rate and lowest number of sequential beats allowed in their event monitors. After 72 hours, Holter and pacemakers records were analyzed. VA was defined in Holter and event monitor, respectively, as: isolated premature ventricular complexes: “PVC”; pairs: “couplets”; nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT): “triplets”—3 beats; “runs”—4–8 or > 8 beats, and high ventricular rates (“HVR”)—3–4 beats. Spearman correlations evaluated whether pacemaker and Holter identified the same parameters. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated to assess the concordance between methods. The agreement between both systems was low, except for “triplet” and three beats NSVT (ICC = 0.984). The correlation for more than 10 PVC/h was moderate (Kappa = 0.483). When the pacemaker was programmed to detect HVR sequences of three beats lower than 140 bpm (< 140/3), the correlation with NSVT was perfect (r = 1) and agreement was also quite high (ICC = 0.800).ConclusionsPacemakers' event monitors underestimate the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias detected by Holter. Standardization of pacemakers’ algorithms is required before using this function for patients' clinical follow‐up.
Indirect osteoblast differentiation by liposomal clodronate
Authors: Okada Emi , Nakata Hidemi , Yamamoto Maiko , Kasugai Shohei , Kuroda Shinji 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBisphosphonates impair function of osteoclasts and prevent bone resorption, the mechanism of which has been studied extensively. However, the possible effects of bisphosphonates on chondroblast differentiation and calcium deposition by osteoblasts have only been demonstrated recently. Moreover, cells from monocytic lineage are capable of stimulating osteoblast proliferation. Hence, susceptibility of osteoblasts to various factors requires further investigation. A primary culture of bone marrow‐derived stromal cells was treated with liposomal clodronate (0.1, 0.5, or 1.0 mg/ml) or conditioned medium from liposomal clodronate. Liposomal clodronate (0.25 mg) was injected into mouse femur for in vivo experiments. The effects of liposomal clodronate were examined by alkaline phosphatase staining and/or activity assay, and real‐time RT‐PCR was used for studying the effect on osteogenic gene expression. Administration of liposomal clodronate to bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stromal cell culture enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity and mRNA levels of Runx2 and Dlx5. In addition, conditioned medium from liposomal clodronate also stimulated osteogenic characteristics similar to those of observed in vitro, and the number of exosomes in the conditioned medium was highest when pre‐treated with liposomal clodronate. Western blot analysis revealed the presence of RANK proteins in exosomes collected from conditioned medium of liposomal clodronate. Identical observations were obtained in vivo, as liposomal clodronate‐injected mouse femur showed increased alkaline phosphatase activity and Runx2 and Dlx5 mRNA expressions, even though the numbers of monocytes and macrophages were reduced. In conclusion, osteoblast differentiation was promoted via soluble RANK‐containing exosomes in response to clodronates.
Silicon application promotes rice growth and negatively affects development of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)
Authors: Nascimento A. M. , Assis F. A. , Moraes J. C. , Souza B. H. S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSilicon (Si) has been reported to enhance plant resistance against biotic and abiotic stressors and also benefit plant growth. These effects are more pronounced in grass species, especially with soil‐applied Si. This study investigated the effects of Si application on rice resistance to Spodoptera frugiperda development and plant vegetative growth. Effects of Si on rice were assessed via soil and foliar applications and compared with untreated plants (control). Si was soil‐ and foliar‐applied as 1% silicic acid solution at a dosage equivalent to 1.4 t Si per ha. After application, leaf material was collected from Si‐treated and untreated plants and placed in Petri dishes with individual S. frugiperda neonate larvae, where development was followed to adult emergence and biological parameters recorded. Vegetative growth parameters recorded in rice plants were the height, chlorophyll content, fresh and dry weights of shoots, and shoot Si content. No effects of Si application were observed on the durations of larval and pupal stages, larval and pupal survival, and sex ratio of S. frugiperda. Insects fed leaves from Si‐treated plants exhibited lower leaf consumption, larval and pupal weights, longevity of males and females, number of eggs, and egg viability. The negative effects were correlated with higher rice Si content. Si application to rice increased plant height, chlorophyll content and dry weight. Our study demonstrates that foliar‐applied Si is as efficient as soil‐applied Si in negatively affecting S. frugiperda development and providing beneficial effects on rice plant growth.
Incidence of “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” in a Florida population of Asian citrus psyllid
Authors: Hall D. G. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe incidence of a bacterium “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” was assessed in a Florida population of Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri. The bacterium is the presumed causal agent of Asiatic huanglongbing, a serious citrus disease. Adult D. citri were periodically collected between May 2010 and September 2012 in a block of diseased trees located in east‐central Florida. The psyllids were individually subjected to molecular analyses (quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays using HLBaspr primers) to determine whether the bacterium was present and, if so, the population level of the pathogen based on qPCR cycle threshold (CT) values. Significantly greater percentages of females tested positive for the pathogen than males, but there were no significant differences between females and males with respect to population levels of the pathogen within the psyllids. No significant differences were found among the three D. citri colour morphs with respect to percentages of adults testing positive for the pathogen. Among 47 sample dates, a mean of 17.5% of adults per sample date tested positive (CT < 36) for the pathogen with a mean CT value of 31.1. The incidence of the pathogen was generally higher during late fall or early winter and often lower during mid‐ to late summer. There was a significant negative correlation between percentages of D. citri testing positive and air temperature. Increases in the incidence of the pathogen may not necessarily correspond to increases in transmission, as a number of factors both internal and external to D. citri can influence transmission. Transmission rates may be highest during periods when D. citri infestation levels are large, a high percentage of adults carry a high population of the pathogen in their salivary glands, and citrus flush is abundant.
A simple screening test to recognize fibromyalgia in primary care patients with chronic pain
Authors: Jones Kim D. , Aebischer Jonathan H. , St. John Amanda W. , Friend Ronald , Bennett Robert M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesPrimary care providers are increasingly expected to recognize and treat fibromyalgia (FM) without significant interaction with rheumatologists. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential usefulness of 3 simple measures (tenderness to digital pressure, BP cuff‐evoked pain, and a single patient question) as a screening test for possible FM in a patient with chronic pain.MethodsA total of 352 patients (mean age 50 ± 16.3 years, 70% female) scheduled for routine examination in 2 primary care practices were studied. They were comprised of 52 patients (14.8%) who carried a chart diagnosis of FM, 108 (30.7%) with chronic pain but not FM, and 192 who had neither pain nor FM (54.5%). Subjects were assessed for tenderness to digital pressure at 10 locations, BP cuff‐evoked pain, and a single question, “I have a persistent deep aching over most of my body” (0–10).ResultsFM patients endorsed the single deep ache question substantially more than those with chronic pain but without FM (7.4 ± 2.9 vs 3.2 ± 3.4; P < .0001) and exhibited greater bilateral digital evoked tenderness (6.1 ± 3.1 vs 2.4 ± 2.4, P < 0.0001), and BP‐evoked pressure pain (132.6 mmHg ±45.5 vs 169.2 mmHg ±48.0, P < 0.0001). However, on multivariate logistic regressions, the BP cuff‐evoked pain became non‐significant. On further analyses, a useful screening test was provided by: (1) pain on pinching the Achilles tendon at 4 kg/pressure over 4 seconds, and (2) and positive endorsement of the question “I have a persistent deep aching over most of my body”.ConclusionThese results suggest that 2 tests, taking less than 1 minute, can indicate a probable diagnosis of FM in a chronic pain patient. In the case of a positive screen, a follow‐up examination is required for confirmation or refutation.
Histopathological and ultrastructural assessment of two mugilid species infected with myxozoans and helminths
Authors: Sayyaf Dezfuli B , Castaldelli G , Giari L 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe histopathology and ultrastructure of the intestine of mullets,Liza ramadaandLiza saliens, from Comacchio lagoons (northern Italy) naturally infected with myxozoans and helminths were investigated and described. Sixty‐two (80.5%) of 77 mullets harboured one or more of the following parasites species:Myxobolus mugchelo(Myxozoa),Neoechinorhynchus agilis(Acanthocephala),Haplosplanchnus pachysomusandDicrogaster contractus(Digenea). Co‐occurrence of helminths with myxozoans was common. The main damage caused by digeneans was destruction of the mucosal epithelium of the villi, necrosis and degeneration of intestinal epithelial cells. More severe intestinal damage was caused by acanthocephalans which reach the submucosa layer with their proboscis. At the site of helminths infection, several mast cells (MCs), rodlet cells (RCs), mucous cells and few neutrophils and macrophages were observed in the epithelium.RCs and mucous cells exhibited discharge activity in close vicinity to the worm's tegument.M. mugcheloconspicuous plasmodia were encysted mainly in muscle and submucosa layers of the intestine. Indeed, spores ofM. mugchelowere documented within the epithelial cells of host intestine and in proximity toMCs. Degranulation of theMCs near the myxozoans was very frequent.
DNA vaccines for fish: Review and perspectives on correlates of protection
Authors: Dalmo R A 
Published: October 2017

AbstractRecently in 2016, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) recommended granting a marketing authorization in the EU for “Clynav,” a DNA vaccine against salmon pancreas disease (salmonid alphavirus‐3). Generally, DNA vaccines induce both early and late immune responses in fish that may be protective against disease. Several transcriptomic approaches have been performed to map immunome profiles following DNA vaccination, but the precise immune mechanism(s) that is responsible for protection is not known, although reasonable suggestions have been made. The current review includes an overview on main transcriptomic findings from microarray experiments after DNA vaccination against VHSV, IHNV, HIRRV and IPNV—with considerations of what can be considered as correlates of protection (CoP) or merely a surrogate of protection. Identification and use of correlates of protection (COPs) may be a strategic tool for accelerated and targeted vaccine design, testing and licensure. General rules on what can be considered as CoPs can be extracted from past knowledge on protective immune responses following vaccination that induced protection. Lastly, there will be an overview on non‐viral molecular adjuvants that have been exploited to obtain higher vaccine potencies and efficacies.
Antimicrobial susceptibility of Flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates from the United Kingdom
Authors: Ngo T P H , Smith P , Bartie K L , Thompson K D , Verner‐Jeffreys D W , Hoare R , Adams A 
Published: October 2017

AbstractRoutine application of antimicrobials is the current treatment of choice for rainbow trout fry syndrome (RTFS) or bacterial coldwater disease (BCWD) caused by Flavobacterium psychrophilum. In this study, the antimicrobial susceptibilities of 133 F. psychrophilum isolates, 118 of which were from the UK, were evaluated by broth microdilution and disc diffusion methods following VET04‐A2 and VET03‐A guidelines of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), respectively. Isolates were categorized as wild type (fully susceptible, WT) or non‐wild type (NWT) using normalized resistance interpretation (NRI)‐determined cut‐off values (COWT). Broth microdilution testing showed that only 12% of UK isolates were WT to oxolinic acid (MIC COWT ≤ 0.25 mg/L) and 42% were WT for oxytetracycline (MIC COWT ≤ 0.25 mg/L). In contrast, all the isolates tested were WT (MIC COWT ≤ 2 mg/L) for florfenicol, the main antimicrobial for RTFS control in the UK. Disc diffusion‐based COWT values were ≥51 mm for 10 μg amoxicillin, ≥44 mm for 30 μg florfenicol, ≥30 mm for 2 μg oxolinic acid and ≥51 mm for 30 μg oxytetracycline. There was a high categorical agreement between the classifications of the isolates by two testing methods for florfenicol (100%), oxytetracycline (93%) and oxolinic acid (99%).
Cardiomyopathy syndrome in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L.: A review of the current state of knowledge
Authors: Garseth Å H , Fritsvold C , Svendsen J C , Bang Jensen B , Mikalsen A B 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS) is a severe cardiac disease affecting Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. The disease was first recognized in farmed Atlantic salmon in Norway in 1985 and subsequently in farmed salmon in the Faroe Islands, Scotland and Ireland. CMS has also been described in wild Atlantic salmon in Norway. The demonstration of CMS as a transmissible disease in 2009, and the subsequent detection and initial characterization of piscine myocarditis virus (PMCV) in 2010 and 2011 were significant discoveries that gave new impetus to the CMS research. In Norway, CMS usually causes mortality in large salmon in ongrowing and broodfish farms, resulting in reduced fish welfare, significant management‐related challenges and substantial economic losses. The disease thus has a significant impact on the Atlantic salmon farming industry. There is a need to gain further basic knowledge about the virus, the disease and its epidemiology, but also applied knowledge from the industry to enable the generation and implementation of effective prevention and control measures. This review summarizes the currently available, scientific information on CMS and PMCV with special focus on epidemiology and factors influencing the development of CMS.
Establishment and characterization of a new cell line from koi brain (Cyprinus carpio L.)
Authors: Wang Y , Zeng W , Wang Q , Li Y , Bergmann S M , Zheng S , Ren Y , Liu C , Chang O , Lee P 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA novel permanently growing brain cell line from koi (Cyprinus carpio L.) (KB cell line) was established, and its suitability for detection of koi herpesvirus (KHV) was demonstrated in this study. The KB cell line was optimally maintained at 27°C in Leibovitz's L‐15 medium supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS). It was subcultured more than 100 times, and chromosome analysis revealed that 51.54% of KB cells at passage 80 maintained the abnormal diploid chromosome number 2n = 96 while the modal chromosome number was 2n = 100. The cell line was cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen at −196°C and was recovered from storage after 1 year with good cell viability and vitality. The results of virus isolation demonstrated that KB cells were susceptible to KHV, which was shown by the presence of an obvious cytopathic effect and abundant virus particles. The viral titres of KHV in KB reached 105.73TCID50/0.1 ml within 7 days. Immunofluorescence and Western blot assays confirmed that KB replicated KHV. The newly established KB cell line will serve as a useful tool to elucidate KHV disease (KHVD) pathogenesis.