bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorescence Sensing of Cu2+ Ion and Some Organic Pollutants by Using Katiragum Dialdehyde‐α‐Amino Acid Schiff Bases in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Saren Rakesh Kumar , Tripathy Tridib 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEfficient and selective fluorescence sensors based on katiragum dialdehyde‐ amino acid Schiff's base is developed for fluorometric sensing to detect vanillin, Cu2+ ions and 4‐nitrophenol (4NP) in their aqueous solution. Two Schiff bases namely katiragum dialdehyde‐ arginine (KGDR) and katiragum dialdehyde‐ tryptophan (KGDT) are developed in the author's laboratory between which KGDR can detect vanillin with a detection limit of 60.29 nM whereas KGDT can detect both Cu2+ ion and 4NP with a detection limit of 72.6 nM and 97.83 nM respectively. KGDR and KGDT show significant quantum yields of 0.47 % and 0.25 % compared to a standard known substance fluorescein (0.97 %). The detection limit of vanillin, Cu2+ ions and 4NP are lower than other reported sensors. The developed Schiff base KGDR and KGDT show excellent recovery percentage and relative standard deviation (RSD) values in real sample analysis.
Understanding the benefits and pitfalls of artificial intelligence
Authors: McCarthy Claudine 
Published: October 2024

About half of the people who use artificial intelligence (AI) don’t want anyone else to know they use it. That's because they’re worried about seeming replaceable in their jobs, especially if they work in academia. Or they’re concerned that AI use might not be permitted or that it qualifies as some form of cheating, according to Beth Ziesenis, owner of yournerdybestfriend.com.
Traction‐associated peridynamic model and non‐uniform discretization simulation of plane axisymmetric problems
Authors: Yu Ming , Zhou Zeyuan , Huang Zaixing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUsing the recently developed traction‐associated peridynamic motion equation (TPME), we investigate the plane axisymmetric problems of elastic deformation. The polar coordinate form of TPME is derived for a plane axisymmetric problem. The transfer function matching with prototype microelastic (PM) model is determined by the inverse method in a one‐dimensional case, and then it is directly extended to plane axisymmetric elasticity problems and plane problems. We promote a strategy to deal with the horizon in the non‐uniform discretization scheme. Based on this strategy, the non‐uniform discretization scheme is used to solve the elastic deformation of a hollow circular plate subjected to uniform inner and outer pressures. Total process from elastic deformation to failure of the hollow circular plate under tension is simulated completely. The results show that TPME does not only need volume and surface corrections, but also can deal with the complex traction boundary conditions conveniently.
The Theoretical Background on E-Participation
Authors: Mariani Ilaria , Mortati Marzia , Rizzo Francesca , Deserti Alessandro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter explores the theoretical underpinnings of e-participation within e-governance and the critical role of ICTs in facilitating public engagement across governmental levels. It highlights the transformation of e-participation from internal functions to inclusive policy-making processes, supported by ICTs to promote participatory, deliberative, and inclusive democracy. The chapter ultimately goes through the various models and frameworks that describe the spectrum of e-participation, addressing the specific challenges and opportunities that arise in e-governance.
Molecular mechanisms underlying glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide secretion in human duodenal organoids
Authors: Guccio Nunzio , Alcaino Constanza , Miedzybrodzka Emily L. , Santos-Hernández Marta , Smith Christopher A. , Davison Adam , Bany Bakar Rula , Kay Richard G. , Reimann Frank , Gribble Fiona M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone secreted by enteroendocrine K cells in the proximal small intestine. This study aimed to explore the function of human K cells at the molecular and cellular levels.

Methods
CRISPR-Cas9 homology-directed repair was used to insert transgenes encoding a yellow fluorescent protein (Venus) or an Epac-based cAMP sensor (Epac-S-H187) in the GIP locus in human duodenal-derived organoids. Fluorescently labelled K cells were purified by FACS for RNA-seq and peptidomic analysis. GIP reporter organoids were employed for GIP secretion assays, live-cell imaging of Ca2+ using Fura-2 and cAMP using Epac-S-H187, and basic electrophysiological characterisation. The G protein-coupled receptor genes GPR142 and CASR were knocked out to evaluate roles in amino acid sensing.

Results
RNA-seq of human duodenal K cells revealed enrichment of several G protein-coupled receptors involved in nutrient sensing, including FFAR1, GPBAR1, GPR119, CASR and GPR142. Glucose induced action potential firing and cytosolic Ca2+ elevation and caused a 1.8-fold increase in GIP secretion, which was inhibited by the sodium glucose co-transporter 1/2 (SGLT1/2) blocker sotagliflozin. Activation of the long-chain fatty acid receptor free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFAR1) induced a 2.7-fold increase in GIP secretion, while tryptophan and phenylalanine stimulated secretion by 2.8- and 2.1-fold, respectively. While CASR knockout blunted intracellular Ca2+ responses, a CASR/GPR142 double knockout was needed to reduce GIP secretory responses to aromatic amino acids.

Conclusions/interpretation
The newly generated human organoid K cell model enables transcriptomic and functional characterisation of nutrient-sensing pathways involved in human GIP secretion. Both calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) and G protein-coupled receptor 142 (GPR142) contribute to protein-stimulated GIP secretion. This model will be further used to identify potential targets for modulation of native GIP secretion in diabetes and obesity.

Graphical Abstract
Viral- and fungal-mediated behavioral manipulation of hosts: summit disease
Authors: Masoudi Abolfazl , Joseph Ross A. , Keyhani Nemat O. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Summit disease, in which infected hosts seek heights (gravitropism), first noted in modern times by nineteenth-century naturalists, has been shown to be induced by disparate pathogens ranging from viruses to fungi. Infection results in dramatic changes in normal activity patterns, and such parasite manipulation of host behaviors suggests a strong selection for convergent outcomes albeit evolved via widely divergent mechanisms. The two best-studied examples involve a subset of viral and fungal pathogens of insects that induce “summiting” in infected hosts. Summiting presumably functions as a means for increasing the dispersal of the pathogen, thus significantly increasing fitness. Here, we review current advances in our understanding of viral- and fungal-induced summit disease and the host behavioral manipulation involved. Viral genes implicated in this process include a host hormone-targeting ecdysteroid UDP-glucosyltransferase (apparently essential for mediating summit disease induced by some viruses but not all) and a protein tyrosine phosphatase, with light dependance implicated. For summit disease-causing fungi, though much remains obscure, targeting of molting, circadian rhythms, sleep, and responses to light patterns appear involved. Targeting of host neuronal pathways by summit-inducing fungi also appears to involve the production of effector molecules and secondary metabolites that affect host muscular, immune, and/or neurological processes. It is hypothesized that host brain structures, particularly Mushroom Bodies (no relation to the fungus itself), important for olfactory association learning and control of locomotor activity, are critical targets for mediating summiting during infection. This phenomenon expands the diversity of microbial pathogen-interactions and host dynamics.

Key points
• Summit disease or height seeking (gravitropism) results from viral and fungal pathogens manipulating insect host behaviors presumably to increase pathogen dispersal.
• Insect baculoviruses and select fungal pathogens exhibit convergent evolution in host behavioral manipulation but use disparate molecular mechanisms.
• Targets for affecting host behavior include manipulation of host hormones, feeding, locomotion, and immune, circadian, and neurological pathways.
Combining CEUS and CT/MRI LI-RADS major imaging features: diagnostic accuracy for classification of indeterminate liver observations in patients at risk for HCC
Authors: Siu Xiao Tania , Kuon Yeng Escalante Cristina Mariuxi , Tahmasebi Aylin , Kono Yuko , Piscaglia Fabio , Wilson Stephanie R. , Medellin-Kowalewski Alexandra , Rodgers Shuchi K. , Planz Virginia , Kamaya Aya , Fetzer David T. , Berzigotti Annalisa , Radu Iuliana-Pompilia , Sidhu Paul S. , Wessner Corinne E. , Bradigan Kristen , Eisenbrey John R. , Forsberg Flemming , Lyshchik Andrej 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To determine the diagnostic accuracy of combining CEUS and CT/MRI LI-RADS major imaging features for the improved categorization of liver observations indeterminate on both CT/MRI and CEUS.

Materials and methods
A retrospective analysis using a database from a prospective study conducted at 11 centers in North America and Europe from 2018 to 2022 included a total of 109 participants at risk for HCC who had liver observations with indeterminate characterization (LR3, LR-4, and LR-M) on both CEUS and CT/MRI. The individual CEUS and CT/MRI LI-RADS major features were extracted from the original study and analyzed in various combinations. Reference standards included biopsy, explant histology, and follow-up CT/MRI. The diagnostic performance of the combinations of LI-RADS major features for definitive diagnosis of HCC was calculated. A reverse, stepwise logistical regression sub-analysis was also performed.

Results
This study included 114 observations indeterminate on both CT/MRI and CEUS. These observations were categorized as LR-3 (n = 37), LR-4 (n = 41), and LR-M (n = 36) on CT/MRI and LR-3 (n = 48), LR-4 (n = 36), LR-M (n = 29), and LR-TIV (n = 1) on CEUS. Of them, 43.0% (49/114) were confirmed as HCC, 37.3% (43/114) non-malignant, and 19.3% (22/114) non-hepatocellular malignancies. The highest diagnostic accuracy among the combinations of imaging features was achieved in CT/MRI LR-3 observations, where the combination of CEUS arterial phase hyper-enhancement (APHE) + CT/MRI APHE had 96.7% specificity, 75.0% positive predictive value (PPV), and 86.5% accuracy for HCC.

Conclusion
The combination of LI-RADS major features on CT/MRI and CEUS showed higher specificity, PPV, and accuracy compared to individual modalities' assessments, particularly for CT/MRI LR-3 observations.
Polish validation of the wisconsin stone quality of life questionnaire (POL-WISQoL)
Authors: Tomczak Wojciech , Krajewski Wojciech , Chorbińska Joanna , Nowak Łukasz , Grunwald Katarzyna , Chełmoński Adam , Łaszkiewicz Jan , Małkiewicz Bartosz , Szydełko Tomasz 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Urolithiasis significantly affects patient quality of life, yet the global standard of care predominantly focuses on achieving a stone free status, often ignoring patient reported outcomes. Currently, there are no specific measures available to assess the quality of life in the Polish population suffering from kidney stones. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate the Polish version of the Wisconsin Stone Quality of Life Questionnaire.

Methods
The translation of WISQOL was carried out in accordance with the best available guidelines. Patients treated for kidney stones at a tertiary centre were recruited and completed both POL-WISQOL and SF36 questionnaires. Comprehensive analyses were conducted to assess internal consistency, inter-item and inter-domain correlations, as well as convergent and construct validity. Additionally, test-retest reliability was evaluated to ensure the accuracy and stability of the findings.

Results
A total of 102 participants fully completed both questionnaires and were included in the analysis. The translated survey demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s coefficient 0.967) and significant convergent validity (Spearman’s correlation = 0.847, p < 0.001). Furthermore, an ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc analysis revealed a significant decline in WISQOL scores between symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals, thereby confirming tool’s construct validity.

Conclusion
POL-WISQoL turned out to be a valid disease specific health related quality of life measuring tool. Its widespread utilisation has the potential to shift the standard of care towards patient centered outcomes.
Impact of a kidney-adjusted ERAS® protocol on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy
Authors: Walach Margarete Teresa , Körner Mona , Weiß Christel , Terboven Tom , Mühlbauer Julia , Wessels Frederik , Worst Thomas Stefan , Kowalewski Karl-Friedrich , Kriegmair Maximilian Christian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Evaluation of a kidney-adjusted enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS®) protocol (kERAS) in patients undergoing nephron-sparing surgery (PN).

Methods
The kERAS protocol is a multidimensional protocol focusing on optimized perioperative fluid and nutrition management as well as strict intraoperative and postoperative blood pressure limits. It was applied in a prospective cohort (n = 147) of patients undergoing open or robotic PN. Patients were analyzed for the development of acute postoperative renal failure (AKI), achievement of TRIFECTA criteria, upstaging or new onset of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and length of hospital stay (LOS) and compared to a retrospective cohort (n = 162) without application of the protocol.

Results
Cox regression analyses could not confirm a protective effect of kERAS on the development of AKI post-surgery. A positive effect was observed on TRIFECTA achievement (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.0-4.5, p = 0.0374). Patients treated with the kERAS protocol showed less long-term CKD upstaging compared to those treated with the standard protocol (p = 0.0033). There was no significant effect on LOS and new onset of CKD.

Conclusion
The implementation of a kERAS protocol can have a positive influence on long-term renal function in patients undergoing PN. It can be used safely without promoting AKI. Furthermore, it can be realized with a manageable amount of additional effort.
Monoclonal anti-amyloid antibody treatment: the epidemiological profile of the target patients in Austria and the status of treatment-eligible patients registered at an outpatient memory clinic
Authors: Lee Seungjune , Stögmann Elisabeth 
Published: October 2024

SummaryThe development of monoclonal anti-amyloid antibodies, a disease-modifying treatment for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), has raised the necessity to identify the epidemiological profile of the possible target patients who would benefit from such therapy. These are patients in the early stages of AD with biomarker-confirmed brain amyloid positivity. In this study, the epidemiological profile of possible target patients in Austria and Vienna was estimated. The number of patients in the stage of amyloid-beta (Aβ)-positive prodromal AD in Austria and Vienna are 193,500 and 34,700 patients, respectively. The expected patient demand for the upcoming therapy in Austria and Vienna are 61,200 and 11,100 patients, respectively.In the memory clinic of the Vienna General Hospital, the number of treatment-eligible patients for an upcoming anti-amyloid antibody was on average 52.8 patients per year, which is about 10% of the total number of patients visiting the memory clinic every year. Several challenges to provide therapy to the general population include expanding the MCI screening in primary care and increasing the capacity of the healthcare system for biomarker testing, infusion delivery, and ARIA management. The study primarily addresses the status quo of identifying patients on memory clinics through cognitive screening and biomarker testing.
Analysis of the effect of permeant solutes on the hydraulic resistance of the plasma membrane in cells of Chara corallina
Authors: Tazawa Masashi , Wayne Randy , Katsuhara Maki 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In the cells of Chara corallina, permeant monohydric alcohols including methanol, ethanol and 1-propanol increased the hydraulic resistance of the membrane (Lpm
−1). We found that the relative value of the hydraulic resistance (r
Lpm
−1) was linearly dependent on the concentration (C
s) of the alcohol. The relationship is expressed in the equation: r
Lpm
−1 = ρm
C
s + 1, where ρm is the hydraulic resistance modifier coefficient of the membrane. Ye et al. (2004) showed that membrane-permeant glycol ethers also increased Lp−1. We used their data to estimate Lpm
−1 and r
Lpm
−1. The values of r
Lpm
−1 fit the above relation we found for alcohols. When we plotted the ρm values of all the permeant alcohols and glycol ethers against their molecular weights (MW), we obtained a linear curve with a slope of 0.014 M−1/MW and with a correlation coefficient of 0.99. We analyzed the influence of the permeant solutes on the relative hydraulic resistance of the membrane (r
Lp
m
−1) as a function of the external (π0) and internal (πi) osmotic pressures. The analysis showed that the hydraulic resistance modifier coefficients (ρm) were linearly related to the MW of the permeant solutes with a slope of 0.012 M−1/MW and with a correlation coefficient of 0.84. The linear relationship between the effects of permeating solutes on the hydraulic resistance modifier coefficient (ρm) and the MW can be explained in terms of the effect of the effective osmotic pressure on the hydraulic conductivity of water channels. The result of the analysis suggests that the osmotic pressure and not the size of the permeant solute as proposed by (Ye et al., J Exp Bot 55:449–461, 2004) is the decisive factor in a solute’s influence on hydraulic conductivity. Thus, characean water channels (aquaporins) respond to permeant solutes with essentially the same mechanism as to impermeant solutes.
Implementierung von Spiritual Care – eine Option gegen emotionale Distanzierung?
Authors: Büssing Arndt 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Hat die Implementierung von Spiritual Care als Ideal und Handlungskompetenz im klinischen Alltag auch Auswirkungen auf die Angehörigen der Gesundheitsberufe? Besteht ein Zusammenhang zwischen deren Belastungsempfinden, Berufszufriedenheit und ihren Spiritual-Care-Kompetenzen, die vor einer emotionalen Distanzierung von den zu Begleitenden schützen würde?

Material und Methoden
Angehörige unterschiedlicher Gesundheitsberufe, die an dem 40-stündigen SpECi-Curriculum teilnahmen, wurden zu drei Zeitpunkten (vor der Intervention sowie 3 und 6 Monate später) mithilfe standardisierter Fragebogenmodule untersucht (z. B. World Healthcare Organization Five Wellbeing Index [WHO-5], Cool Down Index [CDI], Spiritual Care Competence Questionnaire [SCCQ]).

Ergebnisse
Bereits vor der Schulung war die Arbeitsbelastung bei gleichzeitig hoher Berufszufriedenheit ausgeprägt. Die Indikatoren der Belastung bzw. Berufszufriedenheit veränderten sich im Zeitverlauf nicht, während sich die Spiritual-Care-Kompetenzen mit moderater Effektstärke verbesserten. Für das Cool-down (Wahrnehmung emotionaler Überlastung und emotionaler Distanzierung) gab es einen Trend für höhere Scores nach der Intervention. Wer durch die Arbeitssituation belastet war, hatte eine geringe Berufs- und Teamzufriedenheit, geringeres Wohlbefinden und höheres Cool-down; es bestand jedoch kein Zusammenhang mit den Spiritual-Care-Kompetenzen.

Schlussfolgerungen
Von den spezifischen Spiritual-Care-Kompetenzen waren für die Patientenzuwendung insbesondere die bereits vorher ausgeprägten Wahrnehmungs- und Gesprächsführungskompetenzen relevant. Wenn es um Wohlbefinden, Berufs- und Teamzufriedenheit geht, dann sollte der Team-Spirit entwickelt werden. Hier besteht ein großes Potenzial für zukünftige Schulungsmaßnahmen.
Proficiency test of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant detection in diagnostics samples by veterinary diagnostic laboratories
Authors: Singh Neha , Miller Megan R. , Nemser Sarah M. , Tkachenko Andriy , Uhlig Steffen , Frost Kirstin , Hettwer Karina , Ulaszek Jodie , Kmet Matthew , Wang Leyi , Allender Matthew C. , Reddy Ravinder 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Veterinary diagnostic laboratories (VDLs) play a critical role in screening both human and animal samples for SARS-CoV-2. To evaluate the SARS-CoV-2 detection methods used by VDLs, a proficiency test was performed by the US Food and Drug Administration’s Veterinary Laboratory and Investigation and Response Network in collaboration with two other organizations. Thirty-two sets of 12 blind-coded samples were prepared by fortifying Molecular Transport Medium (MTM) or feline feces with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant or non-SARS-CoV-2 equine coronavirus RNA at various concentrations and shipped to 32 participants for blinded (unbiased) analysis. Results were analyzed according to the principles of International Organization for Standardization 16140-2:2016 using two approaches such as establishing the rate of detection (ROD) and the success rate by applying the analysis of binary outcome by logit approach. ROD provided the overall assessment of laboratories performance, whereas the novel logit approach provided an insight to more specific analysis based on the complexity of each sample. The ROD was 83% and 98% for MTM samples at 200 and 20000 genome copies per 100 µL, respectively. Fecal samples were classified as challenging exploratory, and results were not included in the assessment of performance but discussion purposes only. Fecal samples exhibited matrix interference impacting the performance. The ROD was 44% and 89% for fecal samples at 2000 and 20000 genome copies per 100 µL, respectively. The non-COVID coronavirus RNA, which was used to address the specificity, did not interfere with methods used. Establishing the success rate by evaluating the qualitative results (detected/not detected) applying a logit approach revealed that, out of thirty-two participants, twenty-eight had satisfactory results, one participant had unsatisfactory results, and three participants had questionable results for MTM samples. For fecal samples, three participants out of thirty-two did not meet the expectations at higher concentrations. Lower concentrations of fecal samples were excluded from this analysis. Again, the fecal samples were considered as challenge samples and the results were provided to assist participants in their continuous efforts to improve their performance and not to evaluate their performance.