bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teachers’ Perceptions of the Relationship between Inclusive Education and Distributed Leadership in two Primary Schools in Slovakia and New South Wales (Australia)
Authors: Miškolci Jozef , Armstrong Derrick , Spandagou Ilektra 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The academic literature on the practice of inclusive education presents diverse and at times contradictory perspectives in how it is connected to practices of distributed leadership. Depending on the approach, on the one hand, inclusive educational practice may enable distributed school leadership, while on the other hand, it may allow for hierarchical management styles if staff members do not implement inclusive practices. This paper explores how school staff members perceive and understand the relationship between practices of inclusive education and distributed leadership in two public primary schools: one in New South Wales (Australia) and one in Slovakia. These two schools were identified by external informants as good practice examples of inclusive education. Using qualitative research methods based on interviews, this paper identifies two main understandings of this relationship. First, although distributed leadership may encourage the goals of inclusive education, it may in some circumstances also hinder their achievement. Second, distributed leadership can be constructed as an indispensable component of inclusive education, and this has implications for how the target groups of inclusive education are conceptualised. This paper also discusses the wider social and political contexts of the two primary schools and how in each case context significantly constrained and shaped understandings and practices of inclusion and distributed leadership in the practice of teachers and principals.
Preconditions for Sustainable Changes in Didactics Applying Self-Directed Learning in the General Education School
Authors: Kazlauskiene Ausra , Gaucaite Ramute , Poceviciene Rasa 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Implementation of the result-oriented (self-)education paradigm in the general education school requires sustainable changes in didactics not only on the strategic document plane but also in educational practice. However, its implementation in practice is complicated. The success of the interaction between theory and practice largely depends on the teacher’s professionalism. Therefore, the insights that have emerged in the context of teachers’ practical experiences applying self-directed learning are important identifying preconditions for sustainable changes in didactics. The semi-structured written survey and the content analysis enabled the authors to find out preconditions for changes in didactics, manifesting themselves through the teacher’’s personal self-actualisation, the student’s empowerment to learn and redistribution of powers of participants of the educational process. Research results suggest that identified preconditions for changes in didactics are interrelated and illustrate manifestation of sustainable changes in didactics.
Variability of the water availability in a river lake system – A case study of Lake Symsar
Authors: Kuriata-Potasznik Angela B. , Szymczyk Sławomir 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIt is predicted that climate change will result in the diminution of water resources available both on global and regional scales. Local climate change is harder to observe and therefore, while counteracting its effects, it seems advisable to undertake studies on pertinent regional and local conditions. In this research, our aim was to assess the impact of a river and its catchment on fluctuations in the water availability in a natural lake which belongs to a post-glacial river and lake system. River and lake systems behave most often like a single interacting hydrological unit, and the intensity of water exchange in these systems is quite high, which may cause temporary water losses. This study showed that water in the analyzed river and lake system was exchanged approx. every 66 days, which resulted from the total (horizontal and vertical) water exchange. Also, the management of a catchment area seems to play a crucial role in the local water availability, as demonstrated by this research, where water retention was favoured by wooded and marshy areas. More intensive water retention was observed in a catchment dominated by forests, pastures and wetlands. Wasteland and large differences in the land elevation in the tested catchment are unfavourable to water retention because they intensify soil evaporation and accelerate the water run-off outside of the catchment. Among the actions which should be undertaken in order to counteract water deficiencies in catchment areas, rational use and management of the land resources in the catchment are most often mentioned.
Somewhere to Live, Something to Do, Someone to Love: Examining Levels and Sources of Social Capital Among People with Disabilities
Authors: Dimakos Christina , Kamenetsky Stuart B. , Condeluci Al , Curran Jamie , Flaherty Patti , Fromknecht Jeffrey , Howard Marti , Williams Janet 
Published: January 2017

Social capital has emerged as an important ingredient in the maintenance of physical and mental wellbeing. Although this construct has been studied within the disability community, a comparative analysis of social capital among individuals with disabilities and the general population is missing from the literature. Also sparse is an investigation into the sources from which people with disabilities draw their social capital. Building on the seminal work of political scientist Robert Putnam, a modified version of the Harvard Kennedy School’s Social Capital Community Benchmark Survey was administered to 218 adults with high support needs living with a broad range of disabilities and currently receiving support from one of six disability organizations across the United States and Canada. Chi-squared analyses were conducted to test for differences between observed frequencies and expected frequencies obtained from general population surveys on six key measures of social capital. Results indicate that, in most areas, social capital levels among individuals with disabilities were lower when compared with those of general population respondents. In cases where social capital levels were higher than or comparable to general population respondents, an incongruity between subjective evaluations and quantitative reports, and/or support received from non-normative sources such as parents and professionals are likely explanations. Our findings support continued efforts by rehabilitation professionals to facilitate community integration for people with disabilities through the promotion of friendships and other social relationships in a variety of contexts.
Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Symptoms of Major Depression in Middle Childhood
Authors: Zahl Tonje , Steinsbekk Silje , Wichstrøm Lars 
Published: January 2017

OBJECTIVE:
The prospective relation between physical activity and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-defined major depression in middle childhood is unknown, as is the stability of depression. We therefore aimed to (1) determine whether there are reciprocal relations between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior, on one hand, and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition defined symptoms of major depressive disorder, on the other and (2) assess the extent of stability in depressive symptoms from age 6 to 10 years.

METHODS:
A community sample of children living in Trondheim, Norway, comprising a total of 795 6-year-old children was followed up at 8 (n = 699) and 10 (n = 702) years of age. Physical activity was recorded by accelerometry and symptoms of major depression were measured through semistructured clinical interviews of parents and children. Bidirectional relationships between MVPA, sedentary activity, and symptoms of depression were analyzed through autoregressive cross-lagged models, and adjusted for symptoms of comorbid psychiatric disorders and BMI.

RESULTS:
At both age 6 and 8 years, higher MVPA predicted fewer symptoms of major depressive disorders 2 years later. Sedentary behavior did not predict depression, and depression predicted neither MVPA nor sedentary activity. The number of symptoms of major depression declined from ages 6 to 8 years and evidenced modest continuity.

CONCLUSIONS:
MVPA predicts fewer symptoms of major depression in middle childhood, and increasing MVPA may serve as a complementary method to prevent and treat childhood depression.
La retractación y la corrección de la literatura científica para conservar la integridad y la confianza en la ciencia: un análisis de retractaciones de publicaciones biomédicas de libre acceso en PubMed, 1959-2015
Authors: Gutiérrez Sneider Alexander , Barbosa Hamilton Julián , Cuero Manuel Salvador , Duarte Edison Jahir , Gaitán Francy Edilma , Lozano Jaime Leonardo , Meneses Arlid , Olaya Jenny Lorena , Pacheco Gustavo Fabián , Rodríguez Cristian Camilo , Clavijo Jairo Alfonso , Vallejo Gustavo Adolfo 
Published: January 2017

Las herramientas informáticas han permitido la detección de diversas manifestaciones de mala conducta en investigación en la literatura científica. Organismos como The Office for Research Integrity (ORI), el Comité de Ética de la Publicación (COPE), el Retraction Watch y las academias de ciencias de los países, organizan cursos, seminarios e investigaciones para promover valores como la honestidad, la imparcialidad, la objetividad, la fiabilidad, la responsabilidad y el escepticismo en la comunicación científica. En este trabajo se analizaron 1.373 artículos registrados en PubMed entre 1959 y 2015, cuyo texto y nota de retractación eran de libre acceso. Se observó que los artículos retractados entre 2010 y 2015 casi duplicaron el acumulado de los 44 años anteriores. El error admitido, el plagio o autoplagio y la falsificación o fabricación de datos, se presentaron en 32,8 %, 23,7 % y 19,7 % de las ocasiones, respectivamente. En los primeros cuatro meses del 2015, se retractaron 37 artículos por revisoría falsa o influencia de los autores sobre los revisores, una modalidad de mala conducta en la investigación no detectada en estudios anteriores. Los porcentajes de artículos retractados de libre acceso en relación con los artículos de libre acceso publicados por año variaron de 0,0072 % (1/13.861) en 1966 a 0,0472 % (213/45.1021) en el 2013. El porcentaje de artículos retractados en relación con los artículos publicados provenientes de 54 países en el mismo periodo (1959 a 2015), varió entre 0,0042 % (1/23.761) y 0,2732 % (1/366). El número de artículos retractados con más de 10 autores fue menor que aquellos con 6 a10 o 1 a 5 autores. La retractación de 794 (57,8 %) artículos se presentó antes de los dos primeros años y 579 (42.2 %) después de dos años de su publicación. La retractación de 714 (52 %) artículos fue solicitada por los autores, de 485 (35,3 %) por los editores y de 70 (5,1 %) de común acuerdo por ambas partes. El 80,8% (1.110/1.373) de los artículos retractados habían sido citados. En el artículo se discute la importancia de promover la educación sobre la retractación y la corrección de la literatura científica para contribuir a la integridad de la ciencia y a la confianza de la sociedad en la comunidad científica. © 2016. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.
Arrièrés Pédagogiques: naissance de l’élève capacitaire dans les dernières recherches de Binet dans les écoles parisiennes en 1908-1910
Authors: Andrieu Bernard 
Published: January 2017

L’élève capacitaire est autant celui qui pathologiquement manifesterait des carences et des déficits neurocognitifs que Binet et Simon décrivent comme un enfant anormal mais concerne aussi avec Vaney et les commissions pédagogique de la Société Binet-Simon les classes ordinaires dans lesquelles les différences de niveau d’intelligence ne sont pas réalisés. Epistémologiquement le projet de Binet avec d’une part le psychiatre Théodore Simon et d’autre part avec le directeur d’école Victor Vaney est double: - L’éducabilité peut être comprise dans une classification psychiatrique qui, depuis Belhomme jusqu’à Bourneville, propose une graduation dans les capacités d’apprentissage en délimitant les possibilités d’apprentissage, ce que nous appelons le niveau capacitaire de lélève dès la petit école de Borneville; - Alfred Binet travaillant avec Victor Vaney au laboratoire de l’école de la Grange aux Belles mais aussi dans les autres écoles parisiennes via les autorisations obtenues auprès de l’inspecteur Belot pour enquêter comme nous le montrons dans ces archives auprès des arriérés pédagogiques des classes ordinaires.
Dossier: L´école et les maladies dans le monde (XIXe-XXe siècles)
Authors: Parayre Séverine , Martínez Moctezuma Lucia 
Published: January 2017

Nous nous intéresserons au corps malade et aux maux du corps, à leurs prises en charge au sein du système éducatif et aux transformations induites dans les conceptions et pratiques scolaires. Au cours des XIXe et XXe siècles, différentes maladies et épidémies ont frappé les sociétés, qui, souvent démunies, ont été amenées à instaurer des stratégies préventives et curatives. Le système éducatif a été sollicité de nombreuses fois par le milieu médical pour répondre aux états d’urgence sanitaire et a dû s’adapter aux conditions et possibilités qui s’offraient à lui. L’Ecole est devenue ainsi au fur et à mesure de son développement, non seulement un lieu à fort risque de propagation des maladies, mais aussi un lieu qui crée des maladies et peut détériorer les corps.
Active Role Played by Education to Develop Environmental Ethics among Indian Teenagers
Authors: Mishra Ashish 
Published: January 2017

<em><span lang="EN-IN">Education plays a vital role in overall development of a child i.e., cognitive, affective and psychomotor. It acts as a lighting lamp to show the right path to guide the human being in a rational manner. Education makes a person competent enough to judge what is right or what is wrong, as well. At present the problem of environmental degradation is very much in limelight. It is observed that lack of proper knowledge and awareness among the citizen regarding conservation of environment is the prime reason for the environmental degradation. Since, India has an advantage of demographic dividend thus; it will be very useful to educate its youth especially the teenagers/adolescents regarding conservation of environment. The adolescents must be aware of environmental morality that should be taught to them in learning centres. The environmental ethics</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><em><span lang="EN-IN"> </span></em></span><em><span lang="EN-IN">is the philosophical discipline that considers the moral and ethical relationship of human beings to the environment. In other words: what, if any, moral obligation does man has to the preservation and care of the non-human world? Thus, the present paper focuses on the role of education for developing environmental ethics among adolescents in India. It can be inferred that, education can serve as a potent tool in developing environmental ethics among Indian adolescents because; they are the future of the country and have huge potential to incorporate the ethics in environmental conservation to manage the degrading environment. </span></em>
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN AIR KELAPA DAN FREKUENSI PEMBERIAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BENIH CENGKEH
Authors: Mayura Eliza , Yudarfis NFN , Idris Herwita , Darwati Ireng 
Published: January 2017

<p class="IsiabstrakIndonesia"><span lang="IN">Benih merupakan salah satu aspek budidaya yang mempunyai peranan penting. Untuk mendukung pertumbuhan benih dan peningkatan produksi cengkeh, pemberian unsur hara sangat diperlukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh frekuensi dan konsentrasi pemberian air kelapa terhadap pertumbuhan benih cengkeh. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balittro Laing Solok Sumatera Barat, sejak Maret sampai September 2014. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 12 perlakuan konsentrasi air kelapa dan frekuensi pemberian yaitu (1) tanpa air kelapa/air dan frekuensi pemberian 1 kali (0/1), (2) 0/2, (3) 0/3, (4) konsentrasi air kelapa 200 ml l<sup>-1</sup>/1, (5) 200 ml l<sup>-1</sup>/2, (6) 200 cc l<sup>-1</sup>/3, (7) 400 ml l<sup>-1</sup>/1, (8) 400 ml l<sup>-1</sup>/2, (9) 400 ml l<sup>-1</sup>/3, (10) 600 ml l<sup>-1</sup>/1, (11) 600 ml l<sup>-1</sup>/2, (12) 600 ml l<sup>-1</sup>/3; interval waktu pemberian 2 minggu, 10 tanaman per plot diulang 3 kali. Variabel yang diamati meliputi pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah daun, panjang daun, lebar daun, panjang akar, jumlah akar utama) serta biomass (bobot basah dan kering batang, daun dan akar). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian air kelapa konsentrasi 600 ml l<sup>-1</sup> dengan frekuensi pemberian satu kali, menghasilkan pengaruh terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif benih cengkeh.</span></p>
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MORTALITY FROM EXTERNAL CAUSES IN ST. PETERSBURG, NORTHWEST FEDERAL DISTRICT AND RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Vorontsova T. N. , Luchaninov S. S. , Cherny A. Zh. 
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mortality rate of St. Petersburg population from external causes in 2010–2015 in comparison with similar indicators for the Northwest Federal District and the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. The authors used the following data for analysis: annual long-term monitoring of St. Petersburg trauma services status conducted by coordination and methodological center of trauma and orthopedics; government reporting on mortality; data of Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat); data of St.Petersburg Statistics Service (Petrostat); data of St. Petersburg Medical Information Analysis Center (MIAС); studies on mortality issues as well as methods of descriptive statistics. Results. From 2003 to 2014 St. Petersburg population mortality rate demonstrated a steady decline as well as generally in Russia. 2015 featured a slight increase in absolute number of deaths per year (+1.2%) in St.Petersburg, while the similar indicator across the Russian Federation was still declining (-5.9%). In 2015 mortality from external causes in St. Petersburg constituted 68 deaths per 100 thousand inhabitants, which is 1.6 times less than in the Northwest federal district (109.6 per 100 thousand inhabitants), and 1.7 times less than in the Russian Federation – 112 per 100 thousand population. In the overall mortality structure of St. Petersburg population the external causes have been consistently occupying third place within recent years. In 2015 the proportion of deaths from external causes in general mortality amounted to 5.7%. Conclusions. According to official statistics since 2000 in St. Petersburg the mortality rate from all the major external causes reduced gradually, as well as in the Northwest federal district and on the whole in Russia. Various national and regional programs that have been rolled out in Russia allowed to reduce by half the mortality of working age population from homicide and from suicide by almost 30% in men and 40% in women. The most reliable evaluation can be made by taking into account a consistent reporting data of overall traffic accidents mortality. In calculation of mortality rate from external causes there is a possibility to underreport injury and poisoning mortality rates described by the following ICD-10 codes: X40-X49, R95-R99, Z57, Z58, Z63, R54.
Evaluación de leguminosas introducidas en México para identificar especies invasoras de alto impacto potencial
Authors: Sánchez-Blanco Judith , Sánchez-Blanco Clara , Sousa S. Mario , Espinosa-García Francisco J. 
Published: January 2017

La mayoría de las especies de plantas introducidas en México no han sido evaluadas para priorizar las acciones de gestión para erradicarlas o contenerlas o para mitigar los daños causados por invasiones de plantas nocivas. Se evaluaron 42 taxa (41 especies y una variedad) de malezas introducidas de la familia Leguminosae usando criterios empíricos y derivados de teoría, en el desarrollo de un modelo centrado en el comportamiento de las especies en el extranjero, su tiempo de residencia y las localidades ocupadas, y la presencia en México de los parientes congenéricos nativos y no nativos. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de fuentes bibliográficas y de la base de datos “Malezas Introducidas en México” que incluye información de 11 herbarios de México. También desarrollamos un proceso de puntuación para calificar la expansión de las introducidas de acuerdo con tiempo de residencia y número de localidades ocupadas. Clasificamos a las leguminosas introducidas en cuatro categorías de prioridad de atención. Albizia lebbeck, Pueraria phaseoloides, Lablab purpureus, Securigera varia, Delonix regia, Clitoria ternatea y Spartium junceum deben recibir prioridad de atención alta; consideramos que ocho especies requieren una atención prioritaria media, y siete atención prioritaria baja. 20 taxa fueron clasificados como no prioritarios. El modelo de evaluación desarrollado todavía necesita un mayor refinamiento, ya que especies aparentemente inocuas obtuvieron puntajes altos y una potencialmente peligrosa (Cassia fistula) se clasificó en la categoría no prioritaria. Esperamos que el presente modelo de evaluación funcionará como una herramienta y con baja dependencia de expertos, para identificar a las especies introducidas que requieren un análisis de riesgo más completo para priorizar esfuerzos para el manejo de las plantas introducidas nocivas.
“Nangañaña” (Tremelloscypha gelatinosa, Sebacinaceae), hongo silvestre comestible del bosque tropical deciduo en la depresión central de Chiapas, México
Authors: Bandala Victor Manuel , Montoya Leticia , Villegas Rafael , Cabrera Teresa Guadalupe 
Published: January 2017

Se presenta información sobre el uso de los esporomas de Tremelloscypha gelatinosa como alimento por los habitantes nativos de Nandayalu, una localidad al SE de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, México. El hongo es localmente llamado “nangañaña”, los cuerpos fructíferos se recogen durante parte de la temporada de lluvias (julio-agosto) y se usan para consumo familiar. Se describe el método de recolección y de preparación, y se presentan fotografías de sus basidiomas, de su hábitat y usos. La especie se registró fructificando en el suelo, bajo árboles de Gymnopodium floribundum, en bosque tropical deciduo en la depresión central de Chiapas. Tremelloscypha gelatinosa es un heterobasidiomiceto del orden Sebacinales y su relación filogenética con especies que forman micorrizas sugiere su posible relación ectomicorrízica con las raíces de las plantas y, por tanto, desempeñando una importante función ecológica en los ecosistemas tropicales donde se desarrolla. Es un hongo poco frecuente, hasta ahora registrado de Jamaica (localidad tipo), Florida (E.U.A.), Yucatán y Quintana Roo (México). No se tenía conocimiento de su uso como elemento comestible silvestre.