bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New phthalimide‐appended Schiff bases: Studies of DNA binding, molecular docking and antioxidant activities
Authors: Nayab Pattan Sirajuddin , Akrema  , Ansari Istikhar A. , Shahid Mohammad , Rahisuddin  
Published: December 2016

AbstractHerein, we investigated new phthalimide‐based Schiff base molecules as promising DNA‐binding and free radical scavenging agents. Physicochemical properties of these molecules were demonstrated on the basis of elemental analysis, ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis), infra‐red (IR), 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. All spectral data are agreed well with the proposed Schiff base framework. The DNA‐binding potential of synthesized compounds were investigated by means of UV–visible, fluorescence, iodide quenching, circular dichroism, viscosity and thermal denaturation studies. The intrinsic binding constants (Kb) were calculated from absorption studies were found to be 1.1 × 104 and 1.0 × 104 M−1 for compounds 2a and 2b suggesting that compound 2a binding abilities with DNA were stronger than the compound 2b. Our studies showed that the presented compounds interact with DNA through groove binding. Molecular docking studies were carried out to predict the binding between Ct‐DNA and test compounds. Interestingly, in silico predictions were corroborated with in vitro DNA‐binding conclusions. Furthermore, the title compounds displayed remarkable antioxidant activity compared with reference standard.
FOXC1 is associated with estrogen receptor alpha and affects sensitivity of tamoxifen treatment in breast cancer
Authors: Wang Jinhua , Xu Yali , Li Li , Wang Lin , Yao Ru , Sun Qiang , Du Guanhua 
Published: December 2016

AbstractFOXC1 is a member of Forkhead box transcription factors that participates in embryonic development and tumorigenesis. Our previous study demonstrated that FOXC1 was highly expressed in triple‐negative breast cancer. However, it remains unclear what is the relation between FOXC1 and ERα and if FOXC1 regulates expression of ERα. To explore relation between FOXC1 and ERα and discover regulation of ERα expression by FOXC1 in breast cancer, we analyzed data assembled in the Oncomine and TCGA, and found that there was significantly higher FOXC1 expression in estrogen receptor‐negative breast cancer than that in estrogen receptor‐positive breast cancer. Overexpression of FOXC1 reduced expression of ERα and cellular responses to estradiol (E2) and tamoxifen in the MCF‐7 FOXC1 and T47D FOXC1 cells, while knockdown of FOXC1 induced expression of ERα and improved responses to estradiol (E2) and tamoxifen in BT549 FOXC1 shRNA and HCC1806 FOXC1 shRNA cells. In addition, overexpression of FOXC1 reduced expression of progesterone receptor (PR), Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), and XBP1 (X‐Box Binding Protein 1) and significantly reduced luciferase activity caused by E2 using ERE luciferase reporter assay. These results suggested that FOXC1 regulated expression of ERα and affected sensitivity of tamoxifen treatment in breast cancer, and that FOXC1 may be used as a potential therapeutic target in ERα‐negative breast cancer.
Impact of genomic profiling on the treatment and outcomes of patients with advanced gastrointestinal malignancies
Authors: Dhir Mashaal , Choudry Haroon A. , Holtzman Matthew P. , Pingpank James F. , Ahrendt Steven A. , Zureikat Amer H. , Hogg Melissa E. , Bartlett David L. , Zeh Herbert J. , Singhi Aatur D. , Bahary Nathan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe impact of genomic profiling on the outcomes of patients with advanced gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies remains unknown. The primary objectives of the study were to investigate the clinical benefit of genomic‐guided therapy, defined as complete response (CR), partial response (PR), or stable disease (SD) at 3 months, and its impact on progression‐free survival (PFS) in patients with advanced GI malignancies. Clinical and genomic data of all consecutive GI tumor samples from April, 2013 to April, 2016 sequenced by FoundationOne were obtained and analyzed. A total of 101 samples from 97 patients were analyzed. Ninety‐eight samples from 95 patients could be amplified making this approach feasible in 97% of the samples. After removing duplicates, 95 samples from 95 patients were included in the further analysis. Median time from specimen collection to reporting was 11 days. Genomic alteration‐guided treatment recommendations were considered new and clinically relevant in 38% (36/95) of the patients. Rapid decline in functional status was noted in 25% (9/36) of these patients who could therefore not receive genomic‐guided therapy. Genomic‐guided therapy was utilized in 13 patients (13.7%) and 7 patients (7.4%) experienced clinical benefit (6 PR and 1 SD). Among these seven patients, median PFS was 10 months with some ongoing durable responses. Genomic profiling‐guided therapy can lead to clinical benefit in a subset of patients with advanced GI malignancies. Attempting genomic profiling earlier in the course of treatment prior to functional decline may allow more patients to benefit from these therapies.
Yield, Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of the Essential Oil of Sweet Basil and Holy Basil as Influenced by Distillation Methods
Authors: Shiwakoti Santosh , Saleh Osama , Poudyal Shital , Barka Abdulssamad , Qian Yanping , Zheljazkov Valtcho D. 
Published: December 2016

The profile and bioactivity of essential oil (EO) depends on genetic, environmental, and other factors. We hypothesized that the basil EO may be influenced by the distillation methods. Hence, a study was conducted to evaluate the effect of steam distillation (SD) and hydrodistillation (HD) extraction method on the yield, composition, and bioactivity of EO of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) and holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum). In both basil species, the EO yield (content) was significantly higher from SD than from HD. There were significant differences in the compounds’ concentrations of EO obtained from SD and HD as well, however, the same compounds were identified in the EO from HD and SD. In the EO of O. basilicum, the concentration of 74% of the identified compounds were higher in SD than HD, whereas in the EO of O. tenuiflorum, the concentration of 84% of identified compounds were higher in SD than in HD. However, the concentrations of two of the major compounds of O. basilicum EO (estragole and methyl cinnamate) and a major compound of O. tenuiflorum EO (methyl eugenol) were significantly higher in HD than in SD. The type of distillation did not affect the antioxidant capacity of basil EO within the species. This study demonstrated that the type of distillation may significantly affect oil yield and composition but not the antioxidant capacity of the EO from sweet and holy basil.
Biocatalytic α‐Oxidation of Cyclic Amines and N‐Methylanilines for the Synthesis of Lactams and Formamides
Authors: Zheng Daijun , Zhou Xiaojian , Cui Baodong , Han Wenyong , Wan Nanwei , Chen Yongzheng 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAn environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of lactams and formamides through the biocatalytic α‐oxidation of amines was developed by employing Pseudomonas plecoglossicida ZMU‐T04 as a biocatalyst. In this biocatalytic process, the α‐oxidation of cyclic amines and N‐methylanilines proceeded smoothly to give the corresponding amides in low to high yields. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that synthetic 3,4‐dihydroquinolin‐2(1H)‐one could be used as a key precursor of antidepressant bioactive molecules. The mechanism of this biocatalytic α‐oxidation process was investigated by isotope‐ labeling experiments.
Bulk separation of hydrogen and carbon monoxide by one‐column pressure swing adsorption: Experimental and statistical analysis
Authors: Saberimoghaddam Ali , Khebri Vahid 
Published: December 2016

This work evaluates separation of CO/H2 mixture (50:50 vol%) on a commercial zeolite 5A by using 1‐column pressure swing adsorption process. Statistical analysis using response surface methodology was employed to evaluate the combined effect of 2 independent variables, namely, adsorption step time and purge‐to‐feed ratio (
ratio) on the hydrogen purity, recovery, and productivity as responses. These responses were efficiently modeled by 3 second‐order polynomial equations. Optimization of the response function was done based on the desirability. The optimum conditions were investigated at different values of responses. For instance, when hydrogen purity was set at maximum value, recovery and productivity were set at “in range” and the model predicted 99.85% hydrogen purity, 47.69%, and 1.26×

hydrogen recovery and productivity, respectively. In this condition, the optimum values of purge‐to‐feed ratio and adsorption time were 0.24 and 7.35 minutes. Validation of models was carried out by practical experiments in predicted optimum conditions, and the results confirmed the accuracy of models for predicted values.
Functional Pyrimidine‐Based Thermally Activated Delay Fluorescence Emitters: Photophysics, Mechanochromism, and Fabrication of Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Ganesan Paramaguru , Ranganathan Revathi , Chi Yun , Liu Xiao‐Ke , Lee Chun‐Sing , Liu Shih‐Hung , Lee Gene‐Hsiang , Lin Tzu‐Chieh , Chen Yi‐Ting , Chou Pi‐Tai 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA new series of molecules, T1–T4, possessing thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) have been strategically designed and synthesized. Molecules T1–T4 contain the dimethyl acridine as the electron donor, which is linked to either symmetrical or unsymmetrical diphenyl pyrimidine as an acceptor. In comparison to the ubiquitous triazine acceptor, the selection of pyrimidine as an acceptor has advantages of facile functionalization and less stabilized unoccupied π orbitals, so that the energy gap toward the blue region can be accessed. Together with acridine donors, the resulting donor–acceptor functional materials reveal remarkable TADF properties. In the solid state, molecules T1–T4 all exhibit intriguing mechanochromism. The crystal structures, together with spectroscopy and dynamics acquired upon application of stressing, lead us to propose two types of structural arrangement that give distinct emission properties, one with and the other without TADF. Upon fabricating organic light‐emitting diodes, the T1–T4 films prepared from sublimation all exhibit dominant TADF behavior; this accounts for their high performance: an electroluminescent emission at λ=490 nm, with an external quantum efficiency of 14.2 %, can be attained when T2 is used as an emitter.
Vulvar and vaginal melanoma: A unique subclass of mucosal melanoma based on a comprehensive molecular analysis of 51 cases compared with 2253 cases of nongynecologic melanoma
Authors: Hou June Y. , Baptiste Caitlin , Hombalegowda Radhika Bangalore , Tergas Ana I. , Feldman Rebecca , Jones Nathaniel L. , Chatterjee‐Paer Sudeshna , Bus‐Kwolfski Ama , Wright Jason D. , Burke William M. 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUNDOptimal treatments for vulvar and vaginal melanomas (VVMs) have not been identified. Herein, the authors compare molecular profiles between VVM and nongynecologic melanoma (NGM) subtypes with the objective of identifying novel, targetable biomarkers.METHODSIn total, 2304 samples of malignant melanoma that were submitted to Caris Life Sciences between 2009 and 2015 were reviewed. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were used to assess copy numbers and protein expression of selected genes. Sequenced variants were analyzed using a proprietary cancer panel.RESULTSIn total, 51 VVMs (14 vaginal and 37 vulvar melanomas) were compared with 2253 malignant NGMs, including 2127 cutaneous, 105 mucosal, and 21 acral melanomas. In VVMs, B‐Raf proto‐oncogene serine/threonine kinase (BRAF) was the most frequently mutated gene (26%) compared with 8.3% of mucosal NGMs (P = .008). In BRAF‐mutated tumors, fewer VVMs (50%), compared with NGMs (82.1%), had a variant within the valine codon 600 (V600) domain. The KIT mutation rate was highest in VVMs (22%) compared with 3% in cutaneous (P < .001) and 8.8% in mucosal (P = .05) melanoma subtypes. NRAS mutations were rare in VVMs compared with cutaneous (25.9%; P = .009) and acral (40.6%; P = .002) melanoma subtypes. PD‐L1 (56%) and PD‐1 (75%) were frequently expressed in VVM, whereas PI3KCA pathway mutations and estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor expression were rare. Compared with VVMs that had KIT mutations, wild‐type KIT VVMs were more likely to express molecular markers suggestive of platinum resistance (ERCC1), alkylating sensitivity (MGMT), and anthracycline sensitivity (TOP2A).CONCLUSIONSThe unique molecular features of VVM render this disease a distinct subtype of melanoma. Gene‐based molecular therapy and immunotherapies may be promising and should be evaluated in clinical trials. Cancer 2017;123:1333–1344. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Complications, hospital length of stay, and readmission after total laryngectomy
Authors: Goepfert Ryan. P. , Hutcheson Katherine A. , Lewin Jan S. , Desai Neha G. , Zafereo Mark E. , Hessel Amy C. , Lewis Carol M. , Weber Randal S. , Gross Neil D. 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUNDThe purpose of this study was to describe the 30‐day incidence of complications after total laryngectomy (TL) in a high‐volume institution and their impact on the hospital length of stay (LOS) and readmission rates.METHODSA retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent TL at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center from January 1, 2010 through June 30, 2013 was conducted. The patient demographics, treatment history, LOS, and 30‐day post‐TL complications and readmissions were extracted from the medical record. Univariate associations were analyzed, and stepwise backward selection methods were used to fit multivariate models.RESULTSTwo hundred forty‐five patients were included. Complications occurred in 83 patients (33.9%) and included 3 deaths (1.2%). Wound complications occurred in 53 patients (21.6%), and 34 were pharyngocutaneous fistulas (PCFs; 13.9% overall). Thirty‐four patients (13.9%) were readmitted within 30 days. A multivariate analysis revealed the following: wound complications were associated with former (odds ratio [OR], 5.1; P = .03) and current smokers (OR, 5.8; P = .02), PCFs were associated with prior wide‐field radiation (OR, 3.1; P = .01) but not prior narrow‐field (larynx‐only) radiation (OR, 1.4; P = .61), LOS was associated with the type of flap (P = .002) and postoperative hematomas (P = .05), and readmissions were associated with preoperative hypoalbuminemia (P = .003) and postoperative wound complications (P < .001).CONCLUSIONSComplications occurred in approximately one‐third of TL patients and particularly in patients with poor wound‐healing risk factors such as prior smoking and radiation. As expected, LOS was longer among reconstructed patients. Readmission was associated with hypoalbuminemia and postoperative wound complications. These data can inform quality improvement efforts and the counseling of high‐risk patients undergoing TL. Cancer 2017;123:1760–1767. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Fluence Threshold Behaviour on Ablation and Bubble Formation in Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquids
Authors: Reich Stefan , Schönfeld Patrick , Letzel Alexander , Kohsakowski Sebastian , Olbinado Margie , Gökce Bilal , Barcikowski Stephan , Plech Anton 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe ablation yield and bubble‐formation process during nanosecond pulsed‐laser ablation of silver in water are analysed by stroboscopic videography, time‐resolved X‐ray radiography and in situ UV/Vis spectroscopy. This process is studied as function of lens–target distance and laser fluence. Both the ablation yield and the bubble‐cavitation process exhibit threshold behaviour as a function of fluence, which is linked to the efficiency of coupling of energy at the water/target interface. Although ablation happens below this threshold, quantitative material emission is linked to bubble formation. Above the threshold, both bubble size and ablation show linear behaviour.
Arctigenin protects against neuronal hearing loss by promoting neural stem cell survival and differentiation
Authors: Huang Xinghua , Chen Mo , Ding Yan , Wang Qin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractNeuronal hearing loss has become a prevalent health problem. This study focused on the function of arctigenin (ARC) in promoting survival and neuronal differentiation of mouse cochlear neural stem cells (NSCs), and its protection against gentamicin (GMC) induced neuronal hearing loss. Mouse cochlea was used to isolate NSCs, which were subsequently cultured in vitro. The effects of ARC on NSC survival, neurosphere formation, differentiation of NSCs, neurite outgrowth, and neural excitability in neuronal network in vitro were examined. Mechanotransduction ability demonstrated by intact cochlea, auditory brainstem response (ABR), and distortion product optoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) amplitude in mice were measured to evaluate effects of ARC on GMC‐induced neuronal hearing loss. ARC increased survival, neurosphere formation, neuron differentiation of NSCs in mouse cochlear in vitro. ARC also promoted the outgrowth of neurites, as well as neural excitability of the NSC‐differentiated neuron culture. Additionally, ARC rescued mechanotransduction capacity, restored the threshold shifts of ABR and DPOAE in our GMC ototoxicity murine model.This study supports the potential therapeutic role of ARC in promoting both NSCs proliferation and differentiation in vitro to functional neurons, thus supporting its protective function in the therapeutic treatment of neuropathic hearing loss in vivo.
Disturbance and productivity interactions mediate stability of forest composition and structure
Authors: O'Connor Christopher D. , Falk Donald A. , Lynch Ann M. , Swetnam Thomas W. , Wilcox Craig P. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractFire is returning to many conifer‐dominated forests where species composition and structure have been altered by fire exclusion. Ecological effects of these fires are influenced strongly by the degree of forest change during the fire‐free period. Response of fire‐adapted species assemblages to extended fire‐free intervals is highly variable, even in communities with similar historical fire regimes. This variability in plant community response to fire exclusion is not well understood; however, ecological mechanisms such as individual species’ adaptations to disturbance or competition and underlying site characteristics that facilitate or impede establishment and growth have been proposed as potential drivers of assemblage response. We used spatially explicit dendrochronological reconstruction of tree population dynamics and fire regimes to examine the influence of historical disturbance frequency (a proxy for adaptation to disturbance or competition), and potential site productivity (a proxy for underlying site characteristics) on the stability of forest composition and structure along a continuous ecological gradient of pine, dry mixed‐conifer, mesic mixed‐conifer, and spruce–fir forests following fire exclusion. While average structural density increased in all forests, species composition was relatively stable in the lowest productivity pine‐dominated and highest productivity spruce–fir‐dominated sites immediately following fire exclusion and for the next 100 years, suggesting site productivity as a primary control on species composition and structure in forests with very different historical fire regimes. Species composition was least stable on intermediate productivity sites dominated by mixed‐conifer forests, shifting from primarily fire‐adapted species to competition‐adapted, fire‐sensitive species within 20 years of fire exclusion. Rapid changes to species composition and stand densities have been interpreted by some as evidence of high‐severity fire. We demonstrate that the very different ecological process of fire exclusion can produce similar changes by shifting selective pressures from disturbance‐mediated to productivity‐mediated controls. Restoring disturbance‐adapted species composition and structure to intermediate productivity forests may help to buffer them against projected increasing temperatures, lengthening fire seasons, and more frequent and prolonged moisture stress. Fewer management options are available to promote adaptation in forest assemblages historically constrained by underlying site productivity.
Plant invasion and speciation along elevational gradients on the oceanic island La Palma, Canary Islands
Authors: Steinbauer Manuel J. , Irl Severin D. H. , González‐Mancebo Juana María , Breiner Frank T. , Hernández‐Hernández Raquel , Hopfenmüller Sebastian , Kidane Yohannes , Jentsch Anke , Beierkuhnlein Carl 
Published: December 2016

AbstractEcosystems that provide environmental opportunities but are poor in species and functional richness generally support speciation as well as invasion processes. These processes are expected not to be equally effective along elevational gradients due to specific ecological, spatial, and anthropogenic filters, thus controlling the dispersal and establishment of species. Here, we investigate speciation and invasion processes along elevational gradients. We assess the vascular plant species richness as well as the number and percentage of endemic species and non‐native species systematically along three elevational gradients covering large parts of the climatic range of La Palma, Canary Islands. Species richness was negatively correlated with elevation, while the percentage of Canary endemic species showed a positive relationship. However, the percentage of Canary–Madeira endemics did not show a relationship with elevation. Non‐native species richness (indicating invasion) peaked at 500 m elevation and showed a consistent decline until about 1,200 m elevation. Above that limit, no non‐native species were present in the studied elevational gradients. Ecological, anthropogenic, and spatial filters control richness, diversification, and invasion with elevation. With increase in elevation, richness decreases due to species–area relationships. Ecological limitations of native ruderal species related to anthropogenic pressure are in line with the absence of non‐native species from high elevations indicating directional ecological filtering. Increase in ecological isolation with elevation drives diversification and thus increased percentages of Canary endemics. The best preserved eastern transect, including mature laurel forests, is an exception. The high percentage of Canary–Madeira endemics indicates the cloud forest's environmental uniqueness—and thus ecological isolation—beyond the Macaronesian islands.