bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic syndrome in Moroccan patients with psoriasis
Authors: Meziane Mariame , Kelati Awatef , Najdi Adil , Berraho Amine , Nejjari Chakib , Mernissi Fatim‐Zahra 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundSeveral recent reports have shown a significant association between psoriasis and metabolic syndrome (MBS).ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to investigate the prevalence of MBS and, in particular, the main factors that determine this syndrome in Moroccan patients with psoriasis.MethodsA case–control study has included 150 patients with psoriasis and 300 controls matched for age and sex, the MBS was defined according to the International Diabetes Foundation, and the severity of psoriasis was assessed by body surface area.ResultsMild psoriasis was seen in 10.7%, 40.3% had moderate psoriasis, and 49% had severe psoriasis. MBS was higher in cases than in controls with statistical differences (44.7 vs. 2.7%, odds ratio [OR]: 26 CI: [12.4–54.3]; P = 0.000). Abdominal obesity and dyslipidemia were the only metabolic factors significantly related to psoriasis whereas diabetes, hypertension, smoking, alcohol consumption, and cardiovascular diseases were not significant. MBS increases with age in our patients with psoriasis, whereas there was no relationship between MBS and gender. Hypertension (P = 0.007), diabetes (P = 0.003), and increased level of triglycerides (P = 0.05) and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.003) were associated with the severity of psoriasis.ConclusionMetabolic syndrome is an important comorbidity in patients with psoriasis, and vigilance and enhanced screening may be important in this population, especially patients with severe disease.
Role of diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of scalp dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
Authors: Van Steenkiste Eva , Van Laethem An , Biesemans Geert , Pans Steven 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundDermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare tumor that grows with tentacle‐like projections. In particular, on the scalp this could explain the frequent incomplete resections and the high rate of multiple local recurrences. Adequate pre‐ and postoperative imaging methods to visualize these prolongations are required to determine the extent of the tumor and to intercept recurrences in a short time base.MethodsA retrospective study was performed on two cases of multiple recurrent scalp DFSP. The use of diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) for pre‐ and postoperative assessment of DFSP was evaluated.ResultsDiffusion‐weighted imaging magnetic resonance imaging was able to visualize the horizontal extent of tumor prolongations in the periosteum. Also, residual tumor tissue was distinguished from scar tissue in a large area of previous surgical interventions.ConclusionWe found DWI magnetic resonance imaging a valuable tool in planning the multidisciplinary therapeutic approach and follow‐up of DFSP on the scalp.
Adverse cutaneous drug reactions in a single quaternary referral hospital
Authors: Botelho Luciane F.F. , Porro Adriana M. , Enokihara Milvia M.S.S. , Tomimori Jane 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundAdverse cutaneous drug reactions are frequent in hospital settings and are responsible for increased morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic costs. The objective of this study was to identify high risk factors in hospitalized patients with adverse cutaneous drug reactions.MethodsThis descriptive and retrospective study was performed with data from 117 patients admitted to a quaternary hospital over 44 months. We reviewed their epidemiological data, suspected drugs, clinical presentation, histopathological diagnosis, and outcome. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi‐squared test with a significance level of 5%.ResultsAnticonvulsants were responsible for 23.9% of cases followed by antibiotics (22.2%). In 29% of cases, patients were taking multiple medications that could have triggered their reactions. The most common clinical forms were exanthema (37.6%), drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) (14.5%), and Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (12.8%). Anticonvulsants were associated with severe forms of adverse drug reactions. Most patients (89.7%) presented clinical improvement after treatment. There was a relationship between the use of anticonvulsants and atypical lymphocytes in the dermal infiltrate, as well as the clinical form DRESS and atypical lymphocytes in the dermal infiltrate.ConclusionsThe use of anticonvulsants was a high risk factor for severe clinical forms of drug reactions. The presence of atypical lymphocyte infiltrates in the dermis could indicate the use of anticonvulsants.
The influence of incontinence on the characteristic properties of the skin in bedridden elderly subjects
Authors: Fujimura Tsutomu , Makino Mayumi , Takagi Miyuki , Maki Kumiko , Murakami Emiko , Tasaka Yoshiko , Sato Noriko , Akiba Shunichi , Hotta Mitsuyuki , Kitahara Takashi , Ando Kikue 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe mechanisms of skin breakdown induced by incontinence have been proposed from a variety of experimental studies. However, studies on the influence of skin properties caused by incontinence of bedridden subjects are very limited.ObjectiveThis work was conducted to reveal how incontinence influences skin properties by comparing bedridden incontinent elderly subjects with age‐matched healthy continent elderly and middle‐aged subjects.MethodsBedridden incontinent elderly subjects (n = 35, 83.5 ± 9.7 years, mean age ± SD), healthy continent elderly (n = 41, 75.9 ± 5.6 years), and middle‐aged (n = 20, 41.3 ± 2.8 years) were recruited for this study. Skin surface pH, capacitance/hydration, transepidermal water loss, and bacteria on forearm and buttock skin were measured.ResultsHydration and transepidermal water loss values between healthy elderly subjects and incontinent elderly subjects were significantly different on buttock skin. Significant differences between those two groups were also observed regarding pH and total bacteria levels on buttock skin. The forearm skin showed no significant difference in these parameters. No significant influence was observed between with and without urination at the measurement time except for the pH of buttock skin. No significant correlation was observed except between pH and bacteria levels on buttock skin of incontinent elderly subjects.ConclusionIn this study, we clarified the characteristic features of skin induced by incontinence. Our results indicate that these parameters are adequate not only to evaluate the characteristic skin features of bedridden incontinent subjects but also to develop new diapers to avoid the diaper dermatitis caused by incontinence.
Dark chocolate exacerbates acne
Authors: Vongraviopap Saivaree , Asawanonda Pravit 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe effects of chocolate on acne exacerbations have recently been reevaluated. For so many years, it was thought that it had no role in worsening acne. To investigate whether 99% dark chocolate, when consumed in regular daily amounts, would cause acne to worsen in acne‐prone male subjects, twenty‐five acne prone male subjects were asked to consume 25 g of 99% dark chocolate daily for 4 weeks. Assessments which included Leeds revised acne scores as well as lesion counts took place weekly. Food frequency questionnaire was used, and daily activities were recorded. Statistically significant changes of acne scores and numbers of comedones and inflammatory papules were detected as early as 2 weeks into the study. At 4 weeks, the changes remained statistically significant compared to baseline. Dark chocolate when consumed in normal amounts for 4 weeks can exacerbate acne in male subjects with acne‐prone skin.
The ability of quaternary ammonium groups attached to a urethane bandage to inhibit bacterial attachment and biofilm formation in a mouse wound model
Authors: Tran Phat L , Huynh Eric , Hamood Abdul N , de Souza Anselm , Schultz Gregory , Liesenfeld Bernd , Mehta Dilip , Webster Daniel , Reid Ted W 
Published: December 2015

AbstractFor proper wound healing, control of bacteria or bacterial infections is of major importance. While caring for a wound, dressing material plays a key role as bacteria can live in the bandage and keep re‐infecting the wound. They do this by forming biofilms in the bandage, which slough off planktonic bacteria and overwhelm the host defense. It is thus necessary to develop a wound dressing that will inhibit bacterial growth. This study examines the effectiveness of a polyurethane foam wound dressing bound with polydiallyl‐dimethylammonium chloride (pDADMAC) to inhibit the growth of bacteria in a wound on the back of a mouse. This technology does not allow pDADMAC to leach away from the dressing into the wound, thereby preventing cytotoxic effects. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were chosen for the study to infect the wounds. S. aureus and P. aeruginosa are important pathogens in wound infections, while A. baumannii was selected because of its ability to acquire or upregulate antibiotic drug resistance determinants. In addition, two different isolates of methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were tested. All the bacteria were measured in the wound dressing and in the wound tissue under the dressing. Using colony‐forming unit (CFU) assays, over six logs of inhibition (100%) were found for all the bacterial strains using pDADMAC‐treated wound dressing when compared with control‐untreated dressing. The CFU assay results obtained with the tissues were significant as there were 4–5 logs of reduction (100%) of the test organism in the tissue of the pDADMAC‐covered wound versus that of the control dressing‐covered wound. As the pDADMAC cannot leave the dressing (like other antimicrobials), this would imply that the dressing acts as a reservoir for free bacteria from a biofilm and plays a significant role in the development of a wound infection.
Elderly patients hospitalized in the ICU in France: a population‐based study using secondary data from the national hospital discharge database
Authors: Fassier Thomas , Duclos Antoine , Abbas‐Chorfa Fatima , Couray‐Targe Sandrine , West T Eoin , Argaud Laurent , Colin Cyrille 
Published: December 2015

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesIn the global context of population ageing, understanding and monitoring intensive care use by the elderly is a strategic issue. National‐level data are needed to overcome sampling biases that often limit epidemiologic studies of the critically ill elderly. The objective of this study was to describe intensive care use for hospitalized elderly patients using secondary data from the French national hospital discharge database.MethodStructured assessment of the national database coverage and accuracy; cross‐sectional analysis of hospitalizations including at least one admission in an intensive care unit (ICU) for patients aged ≥ 80 years from 1 January to 31 December 2009.ResultsIn 2009, people aged ≥ 80 years accounted for 5.4% of the population but 15.3% of the 215 210 adult hospitalizations involving intensive care in France. In this elderly group, the mean age was 84.0 (± 3.56) years, and 51.6% were male. In‐hospital mortality was 33.9%. The median time spent in the ICU was 3 [interquartile range (IQR), 2–8] days, the median time spent in hospital was 14 (IQR, 8–24) days and 9% of hospitalizations ended by the patient's death involved intensive care. A surgical procedure was included in 43% of hospitalizations. Medical and surgical diagnosis‐related group hospitalizations were characterized by significant differences in volume, mortality, ICU days and costs.ConclusionsThere was marked clinical heterogeneity in the population of elderly patients hospitalized in the ICU. These data provide baseline information and prompt further studies comparing intensive care utilization across age groups, between countries and over time.
How defining clinical practices may influence their evaluation: the case of continuous sedation at the end of life
Authors: Raus Kasper , Sterckx Sigrid 
Published: December 2015

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesContinuous sedation at the end of life is an end‐of‐life practice that has gained considerable attention in the international literature. Nevertheless, significant confusion persists, even on how to label or define the practice. Several different terms and definitions exist, and these are often non‐neutral and indicative of one's normative position on sedation at the end of life. This is problematic for two reasons. First, the use of such value‐laden terms or definitions of continuous sedation may make it difficult, if not impossible, to agree on the facts surrounding continuous sedation. Second, including normative criteria in a definition can lead one to make disguised circular or tautological statements.MethodsThis paper identifies commonly used terms and definitions and demonstrates how particular elements present in these are value‐laden and can influence the ethical evaluation of continuous sedation at the end of life.ResultsTwo commonly used terms, ‘palliative sedation’ and ‘terminal sedation’, have been strongly criticized. We propose to use another, more descriptive term, namely ‘continuous sedation at the end of life’. As regards the different definitions of sedation, some are general, but most contain very specific elements, thereby clearly limiting the number of cases that are covered by the definition. Some definitions of sedation include the intention one should (not) have, the possible indications for the practice, and the type of patients the practice should be reserved for.ConclusionIncluding value‐laden elements in the very definition of a clinical practice runs the risk of pre‐empting a proper normative debate about the practice. We explain why this is the case and why it is problematic, and we propose an alternative, descriptive, definition that seeks to avoid these problems.
Validity of self‐reported hospital admissions in clinical trials depends on recall period length and individual characteristics
Authors: Seidl Hildegard , Meisinger Christa , Kirchberger Inge , Burkhardt Katrin , Kuch Bernhard , Holle Rolf 
Published: December 2015

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesWe investigated the validity of self‐reported admission data compared to administrative records in a clinical trial.MethodIn the randomized KORINNA study (ISRCTN02893746), hospital admission data were collected in telephone interviews with 273 elderly patients quarterly over a 1‐year period and thereafter annually over a 2‐year period. Data were compared with administrative records and discharge letters. Mixed models were used to investigate if recall period and individual characteristics influence validity.ResultsSpecificity (>99%) and sensitivity (94%) of self‐reported data did not differ for different recall periods (3 months vs. 12 months). The differences between self‐reported and registered inpatient days were not statistically significant. Having regard to all the admissions within the time period of last interview and dropping out, the bias was up to 40% underestimation. The chance of disagreement was significantly smaller [odds ratio (OR) of misremember an admission = 0.596, P = 0.049, confidence interval (CI) = 0.355 to 1.00; OR of misremember length of stay = 0.521, P = 0.002, CI = 0.344 to 0.789] for 3‐month periods, but this was primarily driven by number of admissions within the recall period. Individuals with better health and longer stays had a significantly smaller chance of disagreement.ConclusionsThe bias within one year was not influenced by applying various recall periods, although the probability of correctly self‐reported single hospital admission was higher using a recall period of three months. It can be recommended that lengthened recall periods of 12 months are appropriate for gathering self‐reported hospital admission data in elderly people with myocardial infarction.
Maternal kisses are not effective in alleviating minor childhood injuries (boo‐boos): a randomized, controlled and blinded study
Authors:   The Study of Maternal and Child Kissing (SMACK) Working Group
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe practice of maternal kissing of minor injuries of childhood (boo‐boos), though widely endorsed and practised, has never been demonstrated to be of benefit to children.ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy, if any, of maternal kissing of boo‐boos in toddlers.DesignRandomized, controlled and double‐blinded study of children with experimentally induced minor injuries. Control arms included both no intervention group and ‘sham’ (non‐maternal) kissing. Children were blinded to the identity of the kisser in both the maternal and sham control groups.SettingOutpatient research clinics in Ottawa, Canada.Participants943 maternal–toddler pairs recruited from the community.MeasurementsToddler Discomfort Index (TDI) pre‐injury, 1 and 5 minutes post‐injury.ResultsOne‐minute and 5‐minute TDI scores did not differ significantly between the maternal and sham kiss groups. Both of these groups had significantly higher TDI scores at 5 minutes compared to the no intervention group.ConclusionsMaternal kissing of boo‐boos confers no benefit on children with minor traumatic injuries compared to both no intervention and sham kissing. In fact, children in the maternal kissing group were significantly more distressed at 5 minutes than were children in the no intervention group. The practice of maternal kissing of boo‐boos is not supported by the evidence and we recommend a moratorium on the practice.
Nutritional Characteristics of Lambs Meat Fed Diets with Cotton Cake
Authors: Pereira Luana , Pires Aureliano J.V. , Carvalho Gleidson G.P. , Silva Rosani V.M.M. , Simionato Julliana I. , Lacerda Ellen C.Q. , Bezerra Lais S. , Eiras Carlos E. , Carvalho Bruna M.A. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the nutritional quality of meat of lambs fed with cake originating from cotton production of biodiesel. Forty noncastrated lambs, crossbredDorper versusSantaInês from 20.9 to 36.7 kg of body weight finished in feedlot of 99 days and fed diets containing levels of cotton cake (0, 33, 66 and 100%) replacing soybean meal. The chemical composition and physicochemical characteristics were not influenced (P > 0.05) by the levels of cotton cake in the concentrate. Regarding the fatty acids found in the meat, there were no differences attributable to diet composition. The fatty acid found in the highest concentration (P < 0.05) of cotton cake was the mono‐unsaturated oleic acid (49.7%), followed by saturated palmitic acid (23.6%) and stearic acid (18.5%), unsatured poly‐linolenic acid (1.93%), saturated myristic (1.58%) and the mono‐unsaturated palmitoleic (1.45%).Practical ApplicationsIn diets for feedlot lambs, the cotton cake can replace soybean meal in the concentrate, corresponding to 120 g/kg of the total diet, and it does not change the nutritional characteristics of meat. Thus, cotton cake, with low cost ingredients, if used in diets for the production of lambs, provides good nutritional quality meat.
Body mass index among Special Olympics athletes from Muslim majority countries: Differences in gender and adult status
Authors: Patka M. , Murry A. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundObesity is higher in adults with intellectual disability than in the general population and for women more than men. Past research however has specifically focused on individuals with intellectual disability in the United States and the United Kingdom with little attention on individuals with intellectual disability in Muslim majority countries.MethodThe present study examined differences in body mass index (BMI) among 1314 men and women Special Olympics athletes from 32 Muslim majority countries in 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009 and 2011. Athletes' gender, adult status (minor or adult) and the interaction between gender and adult status were used to predict increases in BMI with a hierarchical linear regression, where athletes were nested within country controlling for athletes' nation's Gross‐domestic product.ResultsBeing female significantly predicted an increase in obesity while adulthood predicted a decrease in BMI. The interaction between gender and adulthood was also significant, however, indicating that obesity decreases with adulthood only for men. For women, BMI continues to increase with age.ConclusionsThis study extends our knowledge on one important indicator of health status for individuals with intellectual disability in Asia, Africa and Eastern Europe. The results may be used to inform health care practices with individuals with intellectual disabilities and stimulate future research to understand contextual factors contributing to health disparities.
Weight, nutrition, food choice, and physical activity in adults with intellectual disability
Authors: Koritsas S. , Iacono T. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to describe the nutrition, food choice, physical activity and weight status in a group of adults with intellectual disability (ID) in Victoria, Australia.MethodDisability workers and adults with ID were recruited through disability services. In total, 51 disability workers (11 men, 40 women) and 68 (47 men, 21 women) adults with ID participated in the research. Disability workers provided information about the nutrition, food choice and physical activity levels of adults with ID through a questionnaire administered by a general practitioner or research nurse. The questionnaire also included The Australian Nutrition Screening Initiative checklist.ResultsBody Mass Index was in the healthy range for only 37.5% of participants and in the obese range for almost half (41%). Similarly, the majority of participants had an abdominal circumference in a range that put them at increased or substantially increased risk of metabolic complications. The mean score obtained on the Australian Nutrition Screening Initiative checklist indicated a moderate risk of malnutrition (M = 4.2); however, 17.6% of participants achieved scores that put them in the high‐risk category. More than half of the participants were reported to have a little choice in the type of food they ate and when they ate. Physical activity data indicated that the majority of participants (60.3%) did not meet national physical activity guidelines.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that people with ID are at risk of developing diseases associated with obesity, inactivity, and poor nutrition. Strategies to encourage people with ID to engage in physical activity and healthy eating are, therefore, a matter of priority and should involve their disability workers.