bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acanthamoeba Activates Macrophages Predominantly through Toll-Like Receptor 4- and MyD88-Dependent Mechanisms To Induce Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-6
Authors: Cano Antonella , Mattana Antonella , Woods Stuart , Henriquez Fiona L. , Alexander James , Roberts Craig W. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTAcanthamoeba castellaniiis a ubiquitous free-living amoeba with a worldwide distribution that can occasionally infect humans, causing particularly severe infections in immunocompromised individuals. Dissecting the immunology ofAcanthamoebainfections has been considered problematic due to the very low incidence of disease, despite the high exposure rates. While macrophages are acknowledged as playing a significant role inAcanthamoebainfections, little is known about how this facultative parasite influences macrophage activity. Therefore, in this study we investigated the effects ofAcanthamoebaon the activation of resting macrophages. Consequently, murine bone marrow-derived macrophages were cocultured with trophozoites of either the laboratory Neff strain or a clinical isolate ofA. castellanii.In vitroreal-time imaging demonstrated that trophozoites of both strains often established evanescent contact with macrophages. BothAcanthamoebastrains induced a proinflammatory macrophage phenotype characterized by the significant production of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-6. However, macrophages cocultured with the clinical isolate ofAcanthamoebaproduced significantly less IL-12 and IL-6 than the Neff strain. The utilization of macrophages derived from MyD88-, TRIF-, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-, TLR4-, and TLR2/4-deficient mice indicated thatAcanthamoeba-induced proinflammatory cytokine production was through MyD88-dependent, TRIF-independent, TLR4-induced events. This study shows for the first time the involvement of TLRs expressed on macrophages in the recognition of and response toAcanthamoebatrophozoites.
Trajectories of CKD-MBD biochemical parameters over a 2-year period following diagnosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism: a pharmacoepidemiological study
Authors: Filipozzi Pierre , Ayav Carole , Ngueyon Sime Willy , Laurain Emmanuelle , Kessler Michèle , Brunaud Laurent , Frimat Luc 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesTo define groups of patients according to the changes of biochemical parameters, that is, serum calcium, phosphate and parathyroid hormone (PTH), over a 2-year follow-up period using group-based multi-trajectory modeling (GBMM) among a cohort of dialysis patients with newly diagnosed secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) (ie, PTH≥500 ng/L for the first time) and to compare their patient characteristics and treatments.DesignPharmacoepidemiological study.SettingIn the 12 dialysis units located in the French region of Lorraine.ParticipantsA total of 269 dialysis patients with newly diagnosed SHPT were prospectively included from December 2009 to May 2012 and followed-up for 2 years.ResultsWe identified four distinct trajectory groups: ‘rapid PTH drop’ experiencing a rapid and sharp decrease (over weeks) in PTH level associated with decreasing phosphate level within normal range (n=34; 12.7%), ‘gradual PTH decrease’ experiencing a gradual and continuous decrease (over months) in PTH level and maintaining phosphate at a middle level throughout the study (n=98; 36.4%), ‘slow PTH decrease with high phosphate’ experiencing a slow decrease in PTH level associated with a relatively high phosphate level (n=105; 39.0%) and ‘uncontrolled SHPT’ with high levels of PTH and phosphate throughout the study (n=32; 11.9%). Patients in the ‘uncontrolled SHPT’ group were significantly (p<0.00001) younger than patients in other groups. Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) targets for PTH, phosphate and calcium were reached simultaneously for 14.9% of patients at baseline and 16.7% at the end of the study. Patients were given cinacalcet more frequently at months 3 and 6 in the ‘rapid PTH drop’ and at month 24 in the ‘uncontrolled SHPT’ groups.ConclusionsOver 2 years following a new SHPT diagnosis, a younger age and a higher rate of alkaline phosphatase were associated to a continuous uncontrolled SHPT. Patients with the lowest PTH at the end of the follow-up tended to receive more often cinacalcet.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02888639, post results.
Protocol for systematic review of school-based interventions to prevent and control obesity in African learners
Authors: Adom Theodosia , Puoane Thandi , De Villiers Anniza , Kengne André Pascal 
Published: March 2017

IntroductionThe increasing prevalence of obesity and overweight in childhood in developing countries is a public health concern to many governments. Schools play a significant role in the obesity epidemic as well as provide favourable environments for change in behaviours in childhood which can be carried on into adulthood. There is dearth of information on intervention studies in poor-resource settings. This review will summarise the available evidence on school-based interventions that focused on promoting healthy eating and physical activity among learners aged 6–15 years in Africa and to identify factors that lead to successful interventions or potential barriers to success of these programmes within the African context.Methods and analysisThis protocol is developed following the guidelines of PRIMSA-P 2015. Relevant search terms and keywords generated from the subject headings and the African search filter will be used to conduct a comprehensive search of MEDLINE (PubMed), MEDLINE (EbscoHost), CINAHL (EbscoHost), Register Academic Search Complete (EbscoHost) and ISI Web of Science (Science Citation Index) for published literature on school-based interventions to prevent and control obesity in learners in Africa. Grey literature will be also be obtained. The searches will cover 1 January 2000 to 30 June 2016. No language limitations will be applied. Full-text articles of eligible studies will be screened. Risk of bias and quality of reporting will be assessed. Data will be extracted, synthesised and presented by country and major regional groupings. Meta-analysis will be conducted for identical variables across studies, where data allow. This protocol is developed following the guidelines of PRISMA-P 2015.Ethics and disseminationNo primary data will be collected hence ethics is not a requirement. The findings will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals, in conferences and in policy documents for decision-making, where needed.
Impact of the Early Start Denver Model on the cognitive level of children with autism spectrum disorder: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial using a two-stage Zelen design
Authors: Touzet Sandrine , Occelli Pauline , Schröder Carmen , Manificat Sabine , Gicquel Ludovic , Stanciu Razvana , Schaer Marie , Oreve Marie-Joelle , Speranza Mario , Denis Angelique , Zelmar Amelie , Falissard Bruno , Georgieff Nicolas , Bahrami Stephane , Geoffray Marie-Maude 
Published: March 2017

IntroductionEarly intervention for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the European French-speaking countries is heterogeneous and poorly evaluated to date. Early intervention units applying the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) for toddlers and young children with ASD have been created in France and Belgium to improve this situation. It is essential to evaluate this intervention for the political decision-making process regarding ASD interventions in European French-speaking countries. We will evaluate the effectiveness of 12 hours per week ESDM intervention on the cognitive level of children with ASD, over a 2-year period.Methods and analysisThe study will be a multicentre, randomised controlled trial, using a two-stage Zelen design. Children aged 15–36 months, diagnosed with ASD and with a developmental quotient (DQ) of 30 or above on the Mullen Scale of Early Learning (MSEL) will be included. We will use a stratified minimisation randomisation at a ratio 1:2 in favour of the control group. The sample size required is 180 children (120 in the control and 60 in the intervention group). The experimental group will receive 12 hours per week ESDM by trained therapists 10 hours per week in the centre and 2 hours in the toddlers' natural environment (alternatively by the therapist and the parent). The control group will receive care available in the community. The primary outcome will be the change in cognitive level measured with the DQ of the MSEL scored at 2 years. Secondary outcomes will include change in autism symptoms, behavioural adaptation, communicative and productive language level, sensory profile and parents' quality of life. The primary analysis will use the intention-to-treat principle. An economic evaluation will be performed.DisseminationFindings from the study will be disseminated through peer reviewed publications and meetings.Trial registration numberNCT02608333 (clinicaltrials.gov); Pre-results.
The Use of Frozen Section in the Early Diagnosis of Acute Invasive Fungal Sinusitis
Authors: Melancon C. Claire , Clinger John D. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesAcute invasive fungal sinusitis (AIFS) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the immunocompromised patient population. Early diagnosis is key to improving patient outcomes. Frozen section biopsies have been shown to decrease time to diagnosis when compared with permanent pathology. However, its accuracy has not been adequately described in the literature, specifically in regard to AIFS. The aim of this study is to evaluate the statistical diagnostic accuracy of frozen sections and to review the etiology, clinical presentation, and current diagnostic protocols in management of AIFS.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingTertiary referral center.Subjects and MethodsRetrospective review included 67 pathologic records in Co‐Path, with search criteria including invasive fungal, clinical history, frozen section, and final diagnosis between the dates of 2006 and 2015.ResultsSixty‐seven cases were reviewed per the search criteria in Co‐Path. Of these, 31 met further criteria of having had frozen section analysis. Variables such as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were assessed. All 21 positive frozen sections correlated with positive permanent pathology, giving a positive predictive value of 100%. Frozen section biopsies were 87.5% sensitive and 100% specific.ConclusionEarly diagnosis of AIFS has been shown to decrease morbidity and mortality. Frozen section biopsies remain key in obtaining an early diagnosis among patients with a high clinical suspicion for invasive fungal sinusitis. Frozen section biopsies positive for invasive fungal pathology were universally consistent with definitive diagnosis.
Associations between Otolaryngology Applicant Characteristics and Future Performance in Residency or Practice: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bowe Sarah N. , Laury Adrienne M. , Gray Stacey T. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveThis systematic review aims to evaluate which applicant characteristics available to an otolaryngology selection committee are associated with future performance in residency or practice.Data SourcesPubMed, Scopus, ERIC, Health Business, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, and SocINDEX.Review MethodsStudy eligibility was performed by 2 independent investigators in accordance with the PRISMA protocol (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses). Data obtained from each article included research questions, study design, predictors, outcomes, statistical analysis, and results/findings. Study bias was assessed with the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool.ResultsThe initial search identified 439 abstracts. Six articles fulfilled all inclusion and exclusion criteria. All studies were retrospective cohort studies (level 4). Overall, the studies yielded relatively few criteria that correlated with residency success, with generally conflicting results. Most studies were found to have a high risk of bias.ConclusionPrevious resident selection research has lacked a theoretical background, thus predisposing this work to inconsistent results and high risk of bias. The included studies provide historical insight into the predictors and criteria (eg, outcomes) previously deemed pertinent by the otolaryngology field. Additional research is needed, possibly integrating aspects of personnel selection, to engage in an evidence‐based approach to identify highly qualified candidates who will succeed as future otolaryngologists.
Interactions of ammonium-smectite with volatile organic compounds from leachates
Authors: Gautier Mathieu , Muller Fabrice , Forestier Lydie Le 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe percolation of water through waste landfills produces leachates with high concentrations of which can generate -exchanged clays within geochemical barriers. These leachates also contain several volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which can interact with the clay barrier. The aim of the present study was to characterize the sorption of eight short-chain VOCs (acetonitrile, methyl tert-butyl ether, dichloromethane, benzene, phenol, ethanol, acetone and aniline) on -smectite, and to identify their sorption mechanisms. The samples treated were characterized by carbon and nitrogen elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. For acetonitrile, methyl tert-butyl ether, dichloromethane and benzene, no sorption was detected. Phenol, ethanol and acetone were sorbed very weakly, through Van der Waals interactions. Aniline molecules were sorbed strongly on -smectite mainly with hydrogen bonds between aniline and interlayer water molecules. However, aniline sorption decreased the hydrophilic character of the -smectite, which may increase the permeability of the clay barrier.
Impacto da carga combustível nas propriedades hidráulicas de um solo pós-incêndio em condições laboratoriais
Authors: Almeida Soraia , Fernandez Helena , Martins Fernando , Pedras Celestina , Lança Rui 
Published: March 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o impacto da carga de combustível nas propriedades hidrológicas de um solo franco arenoso, queimado em condições de laboratório. Para tal, foram recolhidas e transportadas paralaboratório, amostras de solo não perturbado, onde foram queimadas depois de aplicar diferentes cargas de material combustível (agulhas de pinheiro). A taxa de infiltração e a sorvidade do solo diminuem fortemente com o aumento da carga de combustível. https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-7723_24_15
Fire and seismic risk perception at Lisbon University – Faculty of Letters
Authors: Ângela Santos , Margarida Queirós , Luís Carvalho 
Published: March 2017

The aim of the research is to find spatial awareness and safety procedures in hypothetical earthquake and fire situations of the faculty’s users. The results show users do not know what to do if an earthquake (33%) or fire (11%) occurs and 60% are not aware of any safety equipment or where the meeting point is. For these reasons a communication strategy should be created and developed. https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-7723_24_2
Hints on the Broad Line Region Structure of Quasars at High and Low Luminosities
Authors: Marziani Paola , Sulentic Jack W. , Zamfir Sebastian , Negrete C. A. , Dultzin Deborah 
Published: March 2017

AbstractQuasars show a considerable spectroscopic diversity. However, the variety of quasar spectra at low redshifts is non-random: a principal component analysis applied to large samples customarily identifies two main eigenvectors. In this contribution we show that the range of quasar optical spectral properties observed at low-z and associated with the first eigenvector is preserved up to z ≈ 2 in a sample of high luminosity quasars. We also describe two major luminosity effects.
Diagnostics of the Solar X-Flare Impact on Lower Ionosphere through the VLF-NAA Signal Recordings
Authors: Kolarski Aleksandra , Grubor Davorka , Šulić Desanka 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
An analysis of four solar flare X-ray irradiance effects on VLF signal amplitude and phase delay variations on the NAA/24.0 kHz signal trace during the period from 2005 September to 2006 December was carried out. Solar flare data were taken from the GOES12 satellite one-minute listings. For the VLF data, recordings at the Institute of Physics, Belgrade were used. It was found that solar flare events affect VLF wave propagation in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide lowering the changes of the ionosphere electron density height profiles. This follows from the variation during the solar flare events of the following propagation parameters: the sharpness of the lower edge of the ionosphere and the reflection height.
Statistical Analysis of Langmuir Waves Associated with Type III Radio Bursts: I. Wind Observations
Authors: Vidojević S. , Zaslavsky A. , Maksimović M. , Dražić M. , Atanacković O. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Interplanetary electron beams are unstable in the solar wind and they generate Langmuir waves at the local plasma frequency or its harmonic. Radio observations of the waves in the range 4-256 kHz, observed in 1994-2010 with the WAVES experiment onboard the WIND spacecraft, are statistically analyzed. A subset of 36 events with Langmuir waves and type III bursts occurring at the same time was selected. After removal of the background, the remaining power spectral density is modeled by the Pearson system of probability distributions (types I, IV and VI). The Stochastic Growth Theory (SGT) predicts log-normal distribution for the power spectrum density of the Langmuir waves. Our results indicate that SGT possibly requires further verification.
Mass Ejection from the Symbiotic Prototype Z and During its 2006 Outburst
Authors: Tomov N. A. , Tomova M. T. , Bisikalo D. V. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHigh-resolution spectroscopic observations in the region of the Balmer Hα and Hγ lines of the symbiotic binary Z And were performed during its major eruption in 2006. the Hα line had additional satellite high-velocity components situated on either side of its central peak which indicated bipolar collimated outflow from the compact object. the Hγ line presented three components, consisting of a central narrow emission, a broad emission component with low intensity indicating an optically thin stellar wind with a velocity of about 500 kms-1from the compact object and a blueshifted P Cyg absorption with a multi-component structure occupying a broad velocity range. These data are explained in light of a model where a disk-like envelope surrounding the accretion disk collimates the stellar wind on the compact object and gives rise to bipolar outflow. the mass-loss rate of the accretor was derived at several epochs after outburst. We conclude that the mass-loss rate has decreased probably from 4-5 × 10−7(d/1.12kpc)3/2M⊙yr−1at the time of maximum light to about 2 × 10−7(d/1.12kpc)3/2M⊙yr−1in 2006 December.
Revised Line Profile Function for Hydrogenic Species
Authors: Sapar A. , Poolamäe R. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Analytical series expansions for the hydrogenic spectral line profile functions are derived starting from the three single expressions, obtained by integrating twice the convolution of the Holtsmark, Lorentz and Doppler line profile functions. We get well converging series expansions for the line wings and centers by reducing the number of arguments in the profile function by one, introducing the module of the Holtsmark and Lorentz profiles as a new argument. In the intermediate part of the line, the parabolic cylinder functions expressed via the confluent hypergeometric series, are used. The multi-component Stark splitting of the hydrogenic spectral lines and the modeled stochastic electron transitions in the electric field of the adjacent ions generate wide Doppler plateaux at the line centers, with the characteristic widths estimated from the fit to the characteristic width of the Holtsmark profile. This additional Doppler broadening of the line profile function removes the central dip typical to the Holtsmark profile.
Recollection, reevaluation, distortion: Symeon Metaphrastes’ narrative techniques in retelling the history of iconoclasm
Authors: Lukhovitskiy Lev 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFour Metaphrastic Lives dealing with the saints of the iconoclast epoch are considered alongside their source texts: the Lives of Ioannikios the Great (BHG 937), Stephen the Younger (BHG 1667), Andrew ‘en Krisei’ (BHG 112), and Theodoros Graptos (BHG 1746). A discussion of the methodological framework and a brief introduction to the texts and their sources are followed by a presentation of the metaphrastic shifts: attenuation of polemical devices, compression of historical time, psychologization, new aspects of Kaiserkritik, thematic elaboration of theological issues. The conclusion argues that it were non-historical literary goals that stood behind the recodification of the cultural memory of the iconoclast period in the Metaphrastic Menologion. Aiming to set the original story free from redundant elements and retell it in a more clear way Symeon Metaphrastes’ team demythologized the iconoclast emperors, interiorized the clash between iconoclasts and iconophiles, and shifted the focus from heresiological issues to emotions and inner development of the saint.
Alexandros von Nikaia als Bibelerklärer: ein neues Textstück eines unerkannten Exegeten (ediert aus dem Codex Vaticanus graecus 762)
Authors: Zawadzki Konrad 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe exegetical texts of Alexandros of Nikaia - a Byzantine bishop living in the 10th century - were hitherto completely unknown to scholarship. Although some catena manuscripts contain several scholia attributed to Alexandros, they have never been the subject of scientific examination. The present article provides the first edition of one of these scholia that survives in the catena commentary on 2 Corinthians in Codex Vaticanus graecus 762. The edited text is translated into German and extensively commented on. The linguistic and content analysis of the edited scholion allows to say that there is no reason to doubt that the text was originally written by Alexandros who here shows himself a quite conscientious biblical commentator.The article concludes with a list of all catena scholia that are attributed to the Byzantine bishop. The existence of these texts makes clear that the exegetical activity of Alexandros of Nikaia may no longer be ignored.
Mean and variance of the number of subfunctions of random Boolean function which are close to the affine functions set
Authors: Serov Aleksandr A. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
For random equiprobable Boolean functions we investigate the distribution of the number of subfunctions which have a given number of variables and are close to the set of affine Boolean functions. It is shown, for example, that for Boolean functions of n variables the mean number of subfunctions having s ⩾ 3 + log2
n variables and the Hamming distance to the set of affine functions smaller than 2
s−2 tends to 0 as n → ∞.
On the asymptotics of the number of repetition-free Boolean functions in the basis {&, ∨, ⊕, ¬}
Authors: Voblyi Vitaliy A. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We obtain an asymptotic formula for the number S

n
of repetition-free Boolean functions of n variables in the basis {&, ∨, ⊕, ¬} for n → ∞ : S

n
∼ cn
−3/2
α

n

n!, where c ≈ 0.1998398363, α ≈ 7.549773429.
Possibilities of Using Transport Terminals in South Bohemian Region
Authors: Čejka Jiří , Bartuška Ladislav , Turinská Libuše 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCurrently, when there is a need for transport services adapted to the customer requirements and create a workable operational system, there is increasing talk about transport terminals. Since the South Bohemian region is one of those where this issue will be increasingly dealt with, this paper suggests ways to use transport terminals as important support systems for freight and passenger transport.