bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modernisasi Pendidikan Islam di Dunia
Authors: Nurhasan Nurhasan  
Published: September 2024

This research aims to find out the background of Islamic education modernization, find out the urgency of Islamic education modernization, and find out the pattern of Islamic education modernization in the world. The method used in the preparation of this research is a qualitative method which in the data collection technique uses literature studies. The results of the analysis show that the background that is developing today in the modernization of Islamic education is the existence of internal and external factors. The internal factors are: 1) Muslims need a truly reliable Islamic education system in order to produce quality Muslim people, 2) the religion of Islam through the holy verses of the Qur'an tells and encourages Muslims to always think, and metaphorize; reading and analyzing everything to then be applied or even able to create new things from what has already existed. Meanwhile, the external factor that causes the importance of modernizing Islamic education is to catch up with Muslims against other nations, as well as to answer the challenges of changing times that are so dynamic. Meanwhile, the urgency of modernizing Islamic education is very important to invite third world nations that are still at the level of backwardness and backwardness to accept western standards that they consider to be ideal. And there are three patterns of modernization of Islamic education, namely: 1) Groups that are oriented towards the modern education pattern in the West. 2) Islamic Education Modernization Movement (Renewal) oriented to pure Islamic sources. 3) Educational reform efforts oriented to nationalism.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) are associated with the PI3K-AKT pathway activation
Authors: Lin Wenjing , Wang Yuting , Zheng Lei 
Published: September 2024

Aims
We aimed to elucidate the mechanism leading to polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA).

Background
PCOS is an endocrine disorder. Patients with RSA also have a high incidence rate of PCOS, implying that PCOS and RSA may share the same pathological mechanism.

Objective
The single-cell RNA-seq datasets of PCOS (GSE168404 and GSE193123) and RSA GSE113790 and GSE178535) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Methods
Datasets of PSCO and RSA patients were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The “WGCNA” package was used to determine the module eigengenes associated with the PCOS and RSA phenotypes and the gene functions were analyzed using the “DAVID” database. The GSEA analysis was performed in “clusterProfiler” package, and key genes in the activated pathways were identified using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was conducted to determine the mRNA level. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry, respectively.

Results
The modules related to PCOS and RSA were sectioned by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and positive correlation modules of PCOS and RSA were all enriched in angiogenesis and Wnt pathways. The GSEA further revealed that these biological processes of angiogenesis, Wnt and regulation of cell cycle were significantly positively correlated with the PCOS and RSA phenotypes. The intersection of the positive correlation modules of PCOS and RSA contained 80 key genes, which were mainly enriched in kinase-related signal pathways and were significant high-expressed in the disease samples. Subsequently, visualization of these genes including PDGFC, GHR, PRLR and ITGA3 showed that these genes were associated with the PI3K-AKT signal pathway. Moreover, the experimental results showed that PRLR had a higher expression in KGN cells, and that knocking PRLR down suppressed cell viability and promoted apoptosis of KGN cells.

Conclusion
This study revealed the common pathological mechanisms between PCOS and RSA and explored the role of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in the two diseases, providing a new direction for the clinical treatment of PCOS and RSA.
Constraints on an exosphere at Ceres from Hubble Space Telescope observations
Authors: Roth Lorenz , Ivchenko Nickolay , Retherford Kurt D. , Cunningham Nathaniel J. , Feldman Paul D. , Saur Joachim , Spencer John R. , Strobel Darrell F. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe report far ultraviolet observations of Ceres obtained with the Cosmic Origin Spectrograph (COS) of the Hubble Space Telescope in the search for atomic emissions from an exosphere. The derived brightnesses at the oxygen lines at 1304 Å and 1356 Å are consistent with zero signals within the 1σ propagated statistical uncertainties. The OI 1304 Å brightness of 0.12 ± 0.20 Rayleighs can be explained by solar resonant scattering from an atomic oxygen column density of (8.2 ± 13.4) × 1010 cm−2. Assuming that O is produced by photodissociation of H2O, we derive an upper limit for H2O abundance and compare it to previous observations. Our upper limit is well above the expected O brightness for a tenuous sublimated H2O exosphere, but it suggests that H2O production with a rate higher than 4 × 1026 molecules s−1 was not present at the time of the COS observation. Additionally, we derive an extremely low geometric albedo of ∼1% in the 1300 Å to 1400 Å range.
New insight of Arctic cloud parameterization from regional climate model simulations, satellite‐based, and drifting station data
Authors: Klaus D. , Dethloff K. , Dorn W. , Rinke A. , Wu D. L. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractCloud observations from the CloudSat and CALIPSO satellites helped to explain the reduced total cloud cover (Ctot) in the atmospheric regional climate model HIRHAM5 with modified cloud physics. Arctic climate conditions are found to be better reproduced with (1) a more efficient Bergeron‐Findeisen process and (2) a more generalized subgrid‐scale variability of total water content. As a result, the annual cycle of Ctot is improved over sea ice, associated with an almost 14% smaller area average than in the control simulation. The modified cloud scheme reduces the Ctot bias with respect to the satellite observations. Except for autumn, the cloud reduction over sea ice improves low‐level temperature profiles compared to drifting station data. The HIRHAM5 sensitivity study highlights the need for improving accuracy of low‐level (<700 m) cloud observations, as these clouds exert a strong impact on the near‐surface climate.
Coupling of charged particles via Coulombic interactions: Numerical simulations and resultant kappa‐like velocity space distribution functions
Authors: Randol Brent M. , Christian Eric R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA parametric study is performed using the electrostatic simulations of Randol and Christian () in which the number density, n, and initial thermal speed, θ, are varied. The range of parameters covers an extremely broad plasma regime, all the way from the very weak coupling of space plasmas to the very strong coupling of solid plasmas. The first result is that simulations at the same ΓD, where ΓD (
n1/3θ−2) is the plasma coupling parameter, but at different combinations of n and θ, behave exactly the same. As a function of ΓD, the form of p(v), the velocity distribution function of v, the magnitude of v, the velocity vector, is studied. For intermediate to high ΓD, heating is observed in p(v) that obeys conservation of energy, and a suprathermal tail is formed, with a spectral index that depends on ΓD. For strong coupling (ΓD≫1), the form of the tail is v−5, consistent with the findings of Randol and Christian (). For weak coupling (ΓD≪1), no acceleration or heating occurs, as there is no free energy. The dependence on N, the number of particles in the simulation, is also explored. There is a subtle dependence in the index of the tail, such that v−5 appears to be the
limit.
Volcanic ash as an oceanic iron source and sink
Authors: Rogan Nicholas , Achterberg Eric P. , Le Moigne Frédéric A. C. , Marsay Chris M. , Tagliabue Alessandro , Williams Richard G. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractVolcanic ash deposition to the ocean forms a natural source of iron (Fe) to surface water microbial communities. Inputs of lithogenic material may also facilitate Fe removal through scavenging. Combining dissolved Fe (dFe) and thorium‐234 observations alongside modeling, we investigate scavenging of Fe in the North Atlantic following the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic eruption. Under typical conditions biogenic particles dominate scavenging, whereas ash particles dominate during the eruption. The size of particles is important as smaller scavenging particles can become saturated with surface‐associated ions. Model simulations indicate that ash deposition associated with Eyjafjallajökull likely led to net Fe removal. Our model suggests a threefold greater stimulation of biological activity if ash deposition had occurred later in the growing season when the region was Fe limited. The implications of ash particle scavenging, eruption timing, and particle saturation need to be considered when assessing the impact of ash deposition on the ocean Fe cycle and productivity.
Tattooing to “Toughen up”: Tattoo experience and secretory immunoglobulin A
Authors: Lynn Christopher D. , Dominguez Johnna T. , DeCaro Jason A. 
Published: March 2016

ObjectivesA costly signaling model suggests tattooing inoculates the immune system to heightened vigilance against stressors associated with soft tissue damage. We sought to investigate this “inoculation hypothesis” of tattooing as a costly honest signal of fitness. We hypothesized that the immune system habituates to the tattooing stressor in repeatedly tattooed individuals and that immune response to the stress of the tattooing process would correlate with lifetime tattoo experience.MethodsParticipants were 24 women and 5 men (aged 18–47). We measured immune function using secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and cortisol (sCORT) in saliva collected before and after tattoo sessions. We measured tattoo experience as a sum of number of tattoos, lifetime hours tattooed, years since first tattoo, percent of body covered, and number of tattoo sessions. We predicted an inverse relationship between SIgA and sCORT and less SIgA immunosuppression among those with more tattoo experience. We used hierarchical multiple regression to test for a main effect of tattoo experience on post‐tattoo SIgA, controlling for pretest SIgA, tattoo session duration, body mass, and the interaction between tattoo experience and test session duration.ResultsThe regression model was significant (P = 0.006) with a large effect size (r2 = 0.711) and significant and positive main (P = 0.03) and interaction effects (P = 0.014).ConclusionsOur data suggest that the body habituates over time to the tattooing stressor. It is possible that individuals with healthy immune systems heal faster, making them more likely to get multiple tattoos. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:603–609, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Importance of the geographic barriers to promote gene drift and avoid pre‐ and post‐Columbian gene flow in Mexican native groups: Evidence from forensic STR Loci
Authors: Rangel‐Villalobos Héctor , Martínez‐Sevilla Víctor Manuel , Martínez‐Cortés Gabriela , Aguilar‐Velázquez José Alonso , Sosa‐Macías Martha , Rubi‐Castellanos Rodrigo , González‐Martín Antonio 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo analyze the origin, structure, relationships, and recent admixture in Mexican Native groups based on 15 STRs commonly used in human identification.MethodsWe analyzed 39 Mexican Native population samples using STR databases based on the AmpFlSTR® Identifiler kit (n = 3,135), including Mexican‐Mestizos (admixed), European and African populations, as reference.ResultsBased upon effective population size (Ne) differences, Native groups were clustered into three regions: i) Center‐Southeast groups, characterized by larger Ne, migration rate (Nm), genetic diversity (He), and relative homogeneity principally in the Yucatan Peninsula; ii) Isolated southern groups from Chiapas and Oaxaca, characterized by lower Ne, Nm, and He (i.e. higher isolation and genetic differentiation); iii) North‐Northwest groups, which are similar to the previous group but are characterized by generating the widest gene flow barrier in the Pre‐Hispanic Mexican territory, and currently by elevated admixture in some northern Native groups. Despite the relative congruence between genetic relationships with cultural, linguistic, geographic criteria, these factors do not explain the present‐day population structure of Native groups, excepting in those linguistically related to the Mayan that show higher homogeneity. The Isolation by distance model was demonstrated at long distances (>1,500 km), whereas geographic isolation stands as a determining factor to avoid both non‐indigenous admixture and bottleneck processes.ConclusionsDifferent dynamics of gene flow and drift were observed among Mexican Native groups, highlighting the geographic barriers (mountains, canyons and jungle regions) as the main factor differentiating Pre‐Hispanic populations, and eventually helping to avoid Post‐European contact admixture and population bottleneck. Am J Phys Anthropol 160:298–316, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Toll‐like Receptor 9 Signaling Is Augmented in Systemic Sclerosis and Elicits Transforming Growth Factor β–Dependent Fibroblast Activation
Authors: Fang Feng , Marangoni Roberta Goncalves , Zhou Xingchun , Yang Yang , Ye Boping , Shangguang Anna , Qin Wenjie , Wang Wenxia , Bhattacharyya Swati , Wei Jun , Tourtellotte Warren G. , Varga John 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveAlthough transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) is recognized as being a key trigger of fibroblast activation in systemic sclerosis (SSc), prominent innate immunity suggests that additional pathways contribute to disease persistence. Toll‐like receptor 9 (TLR9) is implicated in autoimmunity and fibrosis; however, the expression, mechanism of action, and pathogenic role of TLR9 signaling in SSc remain uncharacterized. The aim of this study was to explore the expression, activity, and potential pathogenic role of TLR9 in the context of skin fibrosis in SSc and in mouse models of experimental fibrosis.MethodsExpression and localization of TLR9 were evaluated in SSc skin biopsy specimens and explanted skin fibroblasts. Fibrotic responses elicited by type A CpG oligonucleotide and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were examined in human skin fibroblasts by a combination of real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, transient transfection, immunofluorescence microscopy, and functional assays. Expression of TLR9 was examined in 2 distinct mouse models of experimental fibrosis.ResultsSkin biopsy specimens obtained from 2 independent cohorts of SSc patients showed up‐regulation of TLR9, and myofibroblasts were the major cellular source. Moreover, SSc skin biopsy specimens showed evidence of TLR9 pathway activation. CpG induced robust TLR9‐dependent fibrotic responses in explanted normal fibroblasts that could be blocked by bortezomib and were mediated through the action of endogenous TGFβ. Mice with experimental fibrosis showed a time‐dependent increase in TLR9 localized primarily to myofibroblasts in the dermis.ConclusionIn isolated fibroblasts, TLR9 elicits fibrotic responses mediated via endogenous TGFβ. In patients with SSc, mtDNA and other damage‐associated TLR9 ligands in the skin might trigger localized activation of TLR9 signaling, TGFβ production, and consequent fibroblast activation. Disrupting this fibrotic process with inhibitors targeting TLR9 or its downstream signaling pathways might therefore represent a novel approach to SSc therapy.
Platelet‐Derived S100A8/A9 and Cardiovascular Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Lood Christian , Tydén Helena , Gullstrand Birgitta , Jönsen Andreas , Källberg Eva , Mörgelin Matthias , Kahn Robin , Gunnarsson Iva , Leanderson Tomas , Ivars Fredrik , Svenungsson Elisabet , Bengtsson Anders A. 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveLevels of S100A8/A9, a proinflammatory and prothrombotic protein complex, are increased in several diseases, and high levels predispose to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recently, platelet S100A8/A9 synthesis was described in mice and humans in relation to CVD. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of platelet S100A8/A9 in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a disease with markedly increased cardiovascular morbidity, as well as the exact platelet distribution of the S100A8/A9 proteins.MethodsThe occurrence and distribution of platelet S100A8/A9 protein were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, electron microscopy, Western blotting, and flow cytometry in healthy controls (n = 79) and in 2 individual cohorts of SLE patients (n = 148 and n = 318, respectively) and related to cardiovascular morbidity.ResultsWe observed that human platelets expressed S100A8/A9 proteins, and that these were localized in close proximity to intracellular membranes and granules as well as on the cell surface upon activation with physiologic and pathophysiologic stimuli. Interestingly, S100A8/A9 was enriched at sites of membrane interactions, indicating a role of S100A8/A9 in cell–cell communication. S100A8/A9 levels were highly regulated by interferon‐α, both in vivo and in vitro. Patients with SLE had increased platelet S100A8/A9 content compared with healthy individuals. Increased levels of platelet S100A8/A9 were associated with CVD, particularly myocardial infarction (odds ratio 4.8, 95% confidence interval 1.5–14.9, P = 0.032 [adjusted for age, sex, and smoking]).ConclusionPlatelets contain S100A8/A9 in membrane‐enclosed vesicles, enabling rapid cell surface deposition upon activation. Furthermore, platelet S100A8/A9 protein levels were increased in SLE patients, particularly in those with CVD, and may be a future therapeutic target.
Facilitate Collaborations among Synthetic Biology, Metabolic Engineering and Machine Learning
Authors: Wu Stephen Gang , Shimizu Kazuyuki , Tang Joseph Kuo‐Hsiang , Tang Yinjie J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractMetabolic engineering (ME) and synthetic biology (SynBio) are two intersecting fields with different focal points. While SynBio focuses more on genomic aspects to build novel cell devices, ME emphasizes the phenotypic outputs (e.g., production). SynBio has the potential to revolutionize the bio‐productions; however, the introduction of synthetic devices/pathways often consumes significant cellular resources and incurs fitness costs. Currently, SynBio applications still lack guidelines in re‐allocating cellular carbon and energy fluxes. To resolve this, ME principles may help the SynBio community. First, 13C MFA (metabolic flux analysis) can characterize the burdens of genetic infrastructures and reveal optimal strategies for distributing cellular resources. Second, novel microbial chassis should be explored to employ their unique metabolic features for product synthesis. Third, standardization and classification of bio‐production papers will not only improve the communication between ME and SynBio, but also facilitate text mining and machine learning to harness information for rational strain design. Ultimately, the data‐driven modeling and 13C MFA will be integral components of the SynBio design‐build‐test‐learn cycle for generating novel microbial cell factories.
TP‐2Rho Is a Sensitive Solvatochromic Red‐Shifted Probe for Monitoring the Interactions between CDK4 and Cyclin D
Authors: Pellerano Morgan , Naud‐Martin Delphine , Peyressatre Marion , Prével Camille , Teulade‐Fichou Marie‐Paule , Morris May , Mahuteau‐Betzer Florence 
Published: March 2016

AbstractUnderstanding the intricate steps of protein kinase regulation requires characterization of protein–protein interactions between the catalytic subunit, its regulatory partners and the substrate. Fluorescent probes are useful tools with which to study such interactions and to gain insight into their affinities and specificities. Solvatochromic probes, which display changes in their fluorescence emission in response to changes in the polarity of the medium, are particularly attractive. Here we describe conjugation of a switchable fluorescent dye, TP‐2Rho, to peptide and protein derivatives of cyclin‐dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and its application to characterization of the interactions between the catalytic subunit of this kinase, its regulatory partner cyclin D1 and a peptide substrate. We demonstrate the sensitivity of TP‐2Rho in relation to of those other dyes used for monitoring peptide–protein and protein–protein interactions. Moreover, we show that TP‐Rho‐labelled peptides can be introduced into living cells to probe endogenous CDK4/cyclin D.
Transfemoral aortic valve implantation of Edwards SAPIEN 3 without predilatation
Authors: Kim Won‐Keun , Praz Fabien , Blumenstein Johannes , Liebetrau Christoph , Gaede Luise , Van Linden Arnaud , Hamm Christian , Walther Thomas , Windecker Stephan , Möllmann Helge 
Published: March 2016

ObjectivesThe purpose of the present study was to investigate whether transfemoral implantation of the balloon‐expandable Edwards SAPIEN 3 device without prior balloon valvuloplasty is feasible.BackgroundTranscatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) without predilatation may be advantageous and is feasible with various transcatheter heart valves.MethodsA total of 163 consecutive patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transfemoral TAVI were enrolled at two sites. We assessed whether the crossing of the native aortic valve with the prosthesis without prior pre‐dilation was feasible and evaluated for procedural success according to VARC‐2 criteria.ResultsDirect implantation without pre‐dilatation was feasible in 154 patients (94.5%), whereas in nine patients predilatation was required due to difficulties while crossing the native aortic valve. Procedural success was achieved in 85.6%. A large proportion of the procedural failures was mainly driven by increased post‐procedural gradients ≥20 mm Hg, which almost exclusively concerned the smaller prostheses sizes (23‐mm 10/39 (25.6%) vs. 26‐mm 5/72 (6.9%) vs. 29‐mm 1/52 (1.9%); P < 0.001). Patients in the pre‐ballooning group had higher calcium scores of the aortic valve (5,335 [4,421–7,807] vs. 2,893 [1,879–3,993]), more advanced age, higher transvalvular gradients, and smaller aortic valve area.ConclusionsThe transfemoral implantation of the balloon‐expandable SAPIEN 3 prosthesis without pre‐dilatation is feasible in the majority of cases. In the presence of severe aortic valve calcification and critical aortic stenosis, however, predilatation may still be necessary. Furthermore, the significance of increased post‐procedural gradients requires further verification. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: ELEKTRISCHE EIGENSCHAFTEN VON MIT CADMIUM, INDIUM ODER ZINN DOTIERTEN BI(1‐X)SB(X)LEG. (X=0‐20)
Authors: BELOTSKII D. P. , DUNDICH M. S. , SAVITSKII A. V. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractLeitfähigkeit, Hall‐Konstante und Thermo‐EMK der genannten Halbleiterlegierungen wurden in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur gemessen.
ChemInform Abstract: KOMPLEXE PHASENBILDUNG IM QUASIBINAEREN SYST. CE2SE3‐GESE2
Authors: RUSTAMOV P. G. , NASIBOV I. O. , ALIEVA M. M. , SULTANOV T. I. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDas Zustandsdiagramm des Titelsystems wird durch DTA, Röntgenbeugung und Dichtemessungen bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: DIE ROTIERENDE SCHEIBENELEKTRODE MIT RING UND IHRE ANWENDUNGSMOEGLICHKEITEN
Authors: MUELLER LOTHAR 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn einer Literaturübersicht wird die Anwendung der rotierenden Scheibenelektrode zur Aufklärung komplexer elektrochemischer Reaktionen, zur Bestimmung der Geschwindigkeitskonstanten homogener Folgereaktionen bei EC‐, ECE‐ und katalytischen Prozessen und zur Untersuchung von Adsorptionsreaktionen zusammenfassend diskutiert.