bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indigenous hosts of economically important fruit fly species (Diptera: Tephritidae) in South Africa
Authors: Grové T. , De Jager K. , De Beer M.S. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractFruit flies are among the most economically important fruit pests worldwide. The larvae are phytophagous and constitute a major production constraint in the horticultural industry. Various indigenous fruits were sampled from 2010 to 2015 in Limpopo and Mpumalanga Provinces of South Africa to determine the presence of fruit fly species. The Oriental fruity fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), the Marula fruit fly, Ceratitis cosyra (Walker) and the Natal fruit fly, Ceratitis rosa sensu lato Karsch were reared from the indigenous fruits. B. dorsalis was reared from one marula, Sclerocarya birrea (A.Rich.) Hochst. (Anacardiaceae) sample. All three Ceratitis species were reared from the Mobola plum, Parinari curatellifolia Planch. ex Benth. (Chrysobalanaceae) and Kei‐apple, Dovyalis caffra (Hook.f. & Harv.) Sim (Salicaceae). Wild plum, Harpephyllum caffrum Bernh. (Anacardiaceae), African mangosteen, Garcinia livingstonei T.Anderson (Clusiaceae), Cape ash, Ekebergia capensis Sparrm. (Meliaceae), waterberry, Syzygium cordatum Hochst. ex Krauss (Myrtaceae) and stemfruit, Englerophytum magalismontanum (Sond.) T.D.Penn. (Sapotaceae) were hosts to both C. capitata and C. rosa s.l. C. capitata was also reared from num‐num, Carissa bispinosa (L.) Desf. ex Brenan (Apocynaceae), simple‐spined num‐num, Carissa spinarum L. (Apocynaceae), brown ivory, Berchemia discolor (Klotzsch) Hemsl. (Rhamnaceae), wild coffee, Coffea racemosa Lour. (Rubiaceae) and common red milkwood, Mimusops zeyheri Sond. (Sapotaceae). C. cosyra was also found in the fruit of S. birrea and the wild mango, Cordyla africana Lour. (Leguminosae). C. rosa s.l. was also reared from Natal plum, Carissa macrocarpa (Eckl.) A.DC. (Apocynaceae), waterpear, Syzygium guineense (Willd.) DC. (Myrtaceae), Natal dovyalis, Dovyalis longispina (Harv.) Warb. (Salicaceae) and wild apricot, Dovyalis zeyheri (Sond.) Warb. (Salicaceae). No fruit flies were reared from Ficus spp. (Moraceae).Various indigenous hosts could serve as a reservoir for infesting cultivated crops.
Clinical utility of multipolar ablation with a 3‐D simulator system for patients with liver cancer
Authors: Hirooka Masashi , Koizumi Yohei , Imai Yusuke , Nakamura Yoshiko , Yukimoto Atsushi , Watanabe Takao , Yoshida Osamu , Tokumoto Yoshio , Abe Masanori , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackground and AimThe aim of this study is to confirm the efficacy of multipolar ablation with a new simulator system, three‐dimensional (3‐D) sim‐Navigator, for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma by assessing relapse‐free survival and shape of the ablation volume under clinical conditions.MethodsAll participants provided written, informed consent, and study protocols were approved by the institutional ethics committee. Twenty‐seven patients with 27 nodules were treated by no‐touch ablation using the new simulator system. Another 21 patients with 21 nodules treated without the simulator system were enrolled as controls. Tumor progression and shape of ablation volume were assessed. Predictors of tumor progression were assessed by Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsNo significant differences in clinical characteristics were seen between groups. Mean sphericity was 0.48 ± 0.07 with 3‐D sim‐Navigator and 0.37 ± 0.07 without 3‐D sim‐Navigator (P < 0.001). Median surface‐to‐volume ratio and compactness were also significantly closer to those of a sphere with 3‐D sim‐Navigator (P = 0.017, P < 0.001). Relapse‐free survival rates at 1 and 1.5 years were 94.1% and 82.4%, respectively, with 3‐D sim‐Navigator, compared with 83.2% and 55.5% without (P = 0.056). The only independent factor predicting relapse‐free survival was use of 3‐D sim‐Navigator (hazard ratio, 0.12; 95%CI, 0.01–0.87; P = 0.035).ConclusionsIdeal ablation area was acquired by this simulation and navigation system in clinics. This system improved local tumor progression by facilitating appropriate insertion of multiple electrodes.
Combining hydrodynamic modelling with genetics: can passive larval drift shape the genetic structure of Baltic Mytilus populations?
Authors: Stuckas Heiko , Knöbel Loreen , Schade Hanna , Breusing Corinna , Hinrichsen Hans‐Harald , Bartel Manuela , Langguth Klaudia , Melzner Frank 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWhile secondary contact between Mytilus edulis and Mytilus trossulus in North America results in mosaic hybrid zone formation, both species form a hybrid swarm in the Baltic. Despite pervasive gene flow, Baltic Mytilus species maintain substantial genetic and phenotypic differentiation. Exploring mechanisms underlying the contrasting genetic composition in Baltic Mytilus species will allow insights into processes such as speciation or adaptation to extremely low salinity. Previous studies in the Baltic indicated that only weak interspecific reproductive barriers exist and discussed the putative role of adaptation to environmental conditions. Using a combination of hydrodynamic modelling and multilocus genotyping, we investigate how oceanographic conditions influence passive larval dispersal and hybrid swarm formation in the Baltic. By combining our analyses with previous knowledge, we show a genetic transition of Baltic Mytilus species along longitude 12°‐13°E, that is a virtual line between Malmö (Sweden) and Stralsund (Germany). Although larval transport only occurs over short distances (10–30 km), limited larval dispersal could not explain the position of this genetic transition zone. Instead, the genetic transition zone is located at the area of maximum salinity change (15–10 psu). Thus, we argue that selection results in weak reproductive barriers and local adaptation. This scenario could maintain genetic and phenotypic differences between Baltic Mytilus species despite pervasive introgressive hybridization.
A novel dimorphic pathogen, Emergomyces orientalis (Onygenales), agent of disseminated infection
Authors: Wang Peng , Kenyon Chris , de Hoog Sybren , Guo Lina , Fan Hongwei , Liu Hongrui , Li Zhongwei , Sheng Ruiyuan , Yang Ying , Jiang Yanping , Zhang Li , Xu Yingchun 
Published: February 2017

SummaryA novel dimorphic fungus, Emergomyces orientalis sp. nov. a close relative of systemic pathogens in the family Ajellomycetaceae (Blastomyces, Histoplasma). The fungus is reported in a 64‐year‐old male from Shanxi, China. The patient developed disseminated skin lesions, productive cough with fever and showed nodular opacities in his left lung on chest radiography. The patient had no identified cause of immunodeficiency apart from type‐2 diabetes mellitus. Clinical, histopathological and mycological characteristics of the agent are given, and its phylogenetic position is determined with multilocus sequence data.
Enhanced Antimicrobial Effects of Decellularized Extracellular Matrix (CorMatrix) with Added Vancomycin and Gentamicin for Device Implant Protection
Authors: DEERING THOMAS F. , CHANG CARLOS , SNYDER CARL , NATARAJAN SELVAMUTHU K. , MATHENY ROBERT 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundThe incidence of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infections has risen significantly over the past years. Although several devices are currently available to decrease the incidence of infection, most are made from nonviable synthetic material and are more prone to infection than vascularized tissue.ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to assess the resistance to infection of the CorMatrix CanGaroo (CorMatrix Cardiovascular, Roswell, GA, USA), a CIED envelope made of decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrated in different antibiotic solutions.MethodsThis study was comprised of two in vitro tests and one animal trial. For all the tests, the ECM was hydrated in a mixture of vancomycin (25 mg/mL) and gentamicin (20 mg/mL) or gentamicin alone (40 mg/mL). The drug elution characteristics were assessed followed by the effectiveness of CanGaroo to prevent the bacterial growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis in culture. Then, the direct inoculation of pacemaker implant pockets with both Staphylococcus species was performed in rabbits implanted with either a pacemaker alone or a pacemaker with antibiotic‐soaked CorMatrix ECM pouches.ResultsThe hydration of CanGaroo envelopes in both antibiotic mixtures resulted in antimicrobial activity against both Staphylococcus species, with an early bolus release of antibiotics followed by a slow release lasting for up to 6 days. In vivo, there was a substantial decrease in the occurrence of infection.ConclusionsThe hydration of the CanGaroo ECM with an antibiotic solution prevented Staphylococcus species growth in vitro and substantially reduced the incidence of CIED pocket infections in an in vivo rabbit model.
High Patient Satisfaction with Deep Sedation for Catheter Ablation of Cardiac Arrhythmia
Authors: MÜNKLER PAULA , ATTANASIO PHILIPP , PARWANI ABDUL SHOKOR , HUEMER MARTIN , BOLDT LEIF‐HENDRIK , HAVERKAMP WILHELM , WUTZLER ALEXANDER 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundPatients’ satisfaction with invasive procedures largely relies on periprocedural perception of pain and discomfort. The necessity for intraprocedural sedation during catheter ablation of cardiac arrhythmias for technical reasons is widely accepted, but data on patients’ experience of pain and satisfaction with the procedural sedation are scarce. We have assessed patients’ pain and discomfort during and after the procedure using a standardized questionnaire.MethodsOne hundred seventeen patients who underwent catheter ablation answered a standardized questionnaire on periprocedural perception of pain and discomfort after different anesthetic protocols with propofol/midazolam with and without additional piritramide and ketamine/midazolam.ResultsPatients report a high level of satisfaction with periprocedural sedation with 83% judging sedation as good or very good. The majority of patients was unconscious of the whole procedure and did not recollect experiencing pain. Procedural pain was reported by 7.7% of the patients and 16% reported adverse effects, e.g., postprocedural nausea and episodes of headache.ConclusionThe results of our study show that deep sedation during catheter ablation of cardiac arrhythmias is generally well tolerated and patients are satisfied with the procedure. Yet, a number of patients reports pain or adverse events. Therefore, studies comparing different sedation strategies should be conducted in order to optimize sedation and analgesia.
Minimal Invasive Left Ventricular Lead Repositioning is Safe and Effective in Distal Left Ventricular Lead Positions
Authors: OSZTHEIMER ISTVÁN , SZILÁGYI SZABOLCS , PONGOR ZSUZSANNA , ZIMA ENDRE , MOLNÁR LEVENTE , TAHIN TAMÁS , MERKELY BÉLA , GELLÉR LÁSZLÓ 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundTreatment of left ventricular electrode dislocation and phrenic nerve stimulation remains an issue in the era of new electrode designs.MethodsSafety and efficacy of minimal invasive lead repositioning and pocket opening reposition procedures were evaluated between December 2005 and December 2012 at our center.Minimal invasive method was developed and widely utilized at our center to treat phrenic nerve stimulation. The distally positioned left ventricular lead is looped around by a deflectable catheter in the right atrium introduced from the femoral vein access and then pulled back. Coronary stent implantation was used afterwards for lead stabilization in some patients.Results42 minimal invasive and 48 electrode repositions with pacemaker pocket opening were performed at 77 patients for left ventricular lead problems. Minimal invasive reposition could be carried out successfully in 69% of (29 patients) cases. Note that in 14.3% of the cases (six patients) minimal invasive procedures were acutely unsuccessful and crossover was necessary. In 16.6% of the cases (seven patients) lead issues were noted later during follow‐up. Opening of the pocket could be carried out successfully in 81.2% (39 patients) and was unsuccessful acutely in 6.25% (three patients). Repeated dislocation was noticed, 12.5%, in this group (six patients). Complication during minimal invasive procedures was electrode injury in one case. Pocket openings were associated with several complications: atrial fibrillation, pericardial effusion, fever, hematoma, and right ventricular electrode dislodgement.ConclusionMinimal invasive procedure—as the first line approach—is safe and feasible for left ventricular electrode repositioning in selected cases.
The GmFWL1 (FW2‐2‐like) nodulation gene encodes a plasma membrane microdomain‐associated protein
Authors: Qiao Zhenzhen , Brechenmacher Laurent , Smith Benjamin , Strout Gregory W. , Mangin William , Taylor Christopher , Russell Scott D. , Stacey Gary , Libault Marc 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe soybean gene GmFWL1 (FW2‐2‐like1) belongs to a plant‐specific family that includes the tomato FW2‐2 and the maize CNR1 genes, two regulators of plant development. In soybean, GmFWL1 is specifically expressed in root hair cells in response to rhizobia and in nodules. Silencing of GmFWL1 expression significantly reduced nodule numbers supporting its role during soybean nodulation. While the biological role of GmFWL1 has been described, its molecular function and, more generally, the molecular function of plant FW2‐2‐like proteins is unknown. In this study, we characterized the role of GmFWL1 as a membrane microdomain‐associated protein. Specifically, using biochemical, molecular and cellular methods, our data show that GmFWL1 interacts with various proteins associated with membrane microdomains such as remorin, prohibitins and flotillins. Additionally, comparative genomics revealed that GmFWL1 interacts with GmFLOT2/4 (FLOTILLIN2/4), the soybean ortholog to Medicago truncatula FLOTILLIN4, a major regulator of the M. truncatula nodulation process. We also observed that, similarly to MtFLOT4 and GmFLOT2/4, GmFWL1 was localized at the tip of the soybean root hair cells in response to rhizobial inoculation supporting the early function of GmFWL1 in the rhizobium infection process.
Commentary: Investigative Police Stops—Necessary or Insidious? A Practitioner's Viewpoint
Authors: Davenport Vince E. 
Published: February 2017

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Commentary: Measuring Metrics
Authors: DeBenedetto Rocco 
Published: February 2017

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A Call to Consciousness: Examining the Evolution of America's Racial Caste System
Authors: Rollins Aaron C. , Hilliard Erica R. 
Published: February 2017

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Policing and Race in America: Reforms Needed
Authors: Menifield Charles E. 
Published: February 2017

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Commentary: Taking a Comprehensive View to Reducing Officer‐Involved Deaths
Authors: Fretwell Elizabeth N. , Lombardo Joseph 
Published: February 2017

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Black and Blue
Authors: Pegues Jeff 
Published: February 2017

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Concrete Advice for Police Reform: An Interview with Marc Morial
Authors: Ward James D. 
Published: February 2017

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Court Efficiency and Procurement Performance
Authors: Coviello Decio , Moretti Luigi , Spagnolo Giancarlo , Valbonesi Paola 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDisputes over penalties for breaching a contract are often resolved in court. A simple model illustrates how inefficient courts can sway public buyers from enforcing a penalty for late delivery in order to avoid litigation, thereby inducing sellers to delay contract delivery. By using a large dataset on Italian public procurement, we empirically study the effects of court inefficiency on public work performance. Where courts are inefficient, we find the following: public works are delivered with longer delays; delays increase for more valuable contracts; contracts are more often awarded to larger suppliers; and a higher share of the payment is postponed after delivery. Other interpretations receive less support from the data.
Elasticity of Taxable Income: Evidence from Changes in Municipal Income Tax Rates in Finland
Authors: Matikka Tuomas 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe elasticity of taxable income (ETI) is a key parameter in income tax analysis, in terms of both efficiency and tax revenue. In this paper, I use Finnish data to analyze the ETI. I use changes in flat municipal income tax rates as an instrument for overall changes in marginal tax rates. This instrument is not a function of individual income, and thus the ETI estimates are less susceptible to bias caused by differential trends across the income distribution. In general, instruments used in previous studies do not have this feature. My preferred estimate for the average ETI is 0.21.