bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical Computerized Solution for Incision and Grafting in Peyronie's Disease
Authors: Miranda Alexandre F. , Sampaio Francisco J.B. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract

Introduction
Penile curvature correction with plaque incision and graft (PIG) increases the risk of erectile dysfunction (ED) and is associated with mechanical and geometric abnormalities.

Aims
The aim of this study was to create and validate a new PIG technique using minimum graft area to correct simple or complex penile curvature with or without hourglass deformity, while avoiding mechanical and geometric abnormalities.

Methods
Using our cotton fabric model, we created a mathematic solution for PIG with no residual defects. This was applied in nine men who had sufficient penile rigidity while penetrating their respective partners. They underwent fascia lata patch corporoplasty using the new developed technique (iPad [Apple Corp, Palo Alto, CA, USA] app: iGrafter). Subjects answered the 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaire preoperatively and at the end of follow-up.

Main Outcome Measures
The main outcome measures used were patient demographics, erectile function, residual curvature, patient satisfaction, graft area, and complications.

Results
After a mean follow-up of 17.8 months, no significant complication was noted. Complete penile straightening was achieved in all patients. The short side of the penis increased a mean of 3 cm in length, and the mean graft area was 12.4 cm2. At the end of the follow-up, three patients developed recurrent deformity. One patient presented severe fibrosis in the corpora cavernosa and severe ED. There was no significant difference between the mean preoperative and postoperative IIEF-5 scores (20.6 vs 19.4, respectively). At the end of follow-up, all patients were able to have sexual intercourse (two with and seven without pharmacological aid). Eight of the nine patients were satisfied with the surgical result.

Conclusion
Penile curvature surgical correction using the iGrafter seems to be an efficient and safe procedure, which uses minimum graft area and preserves erectile function after penile rectification, without resulting in residual deformities. Further research is needed to confirm the efficacy of this procedure.
Medical Help-Seeking for Sexual Concerns in Prostate Cancer Survivors
Authors: Hyde Melissa K. , Zajdlewicz Leah , Wootten Addie C. , Nelson Christian J. , Lowe Anthony , Dunn Jeff , Chambers Suzanne K. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract

Introduction
Although sexual dysfunction is common after prostate cancer, men's decisions to seek help for sexual concerns are not well understood.

Aim
Describe predictors of actual prior help-seeking and intended future medical help-seeking for sexual dysfunction in prostate cancer survivors.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey of 510 prostate cancer survivors assessed masculine beliefs, attitudes, support/approval from partner/peer networks (subjective norm), and perceived control as predictors of medical help-seeking for sexual concerns. A theory of planned behavior (TPB) perspective was used to examine actual prior and planned future behavior and contributing factors. Statistical analyses included multiple and logistic regressions.

Main Outcome Measures
Intention to see a doctor for sexual advice or help in the next 6 months was measured using the intention subscale adapted from the Attitudes to Seeking Help after Cancer Scale. Prior help-seeking was measured with a dichotomous yes/no scale created for the study.

Results
Men were Mage 71.69 years (SD = 7.71); 7.54 years (SD = 4.68) post-diagnosis; received treatment(s) (58.1% radical prostatectomy; 47.1% radiation therapy; 29.4% hormonal ablation); 81.4% reported severe ED (IIED 0–6) and 18.6% moderate–mild ED (IIED 7–24). Overall, 30% had sought sexual help in the past 6 months, and 24% intended to seek help in the following 6 months. Prior help-seeking was less frequent among men with severe ED. Sexual help-seeking intentions were associated with lower education, prior sexual help-seeking, sexual importance/ priority, emotional self-reliance, positive attitude, and subjective norm (R2 = 0.56).

Conclusion
The TPB has utility as a theoretical framework to understand prostate cancer survivors' sexual help-seeking decisions and may inform development of more effective interventions. Masculine beliefs were highly salient. Men who were more emotionally self-reliant and attributed greater importance to sex formed stronger help-seeking intentions. Subjective norm contributed most strongly to help-seeking intentions suggesting that health professionals/partners/peers have a key role as support mechanisms and components of psycho-sexual interventions.
Diversity of Gene Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Zhang Fan , Cui Li , Kuo Michael D. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Understanding tumor diversity has been a long-lasting and challenging question for researchers in the field of cancer heterogeneity or tumor evolution. Studies have reported that compared to normal cells, there is a higher genetic diversity in tumor cells, while higher genetic diversity is associated with higher progression risks of tumor. We thus hypothesized that tumor diversity also holds true at the gene expression level. To test this hypothesis, we used t-test to compare the means of Simpson’s diversity index for gene expression (SDIG) between tumor and non-tumor samples. We found that the mean SDIG in tumor tissues is significantly higher than that in the non-tumor or normal tissues (P  &lt; 0.05) for most datasets. We also combined microarrays and next-generation sequencing data for validation. This cross-platform and cross-experimental validation greatly increased the reliability of our results.
The arcTOA Technique for Out‐of‐Plane Ultrasound‐Guided Injections
Authors: Rajasekaran Sathish , Finnoff Jonathan T. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractOut‐of‐plane (OOP) ultrasound‐guided injections are often cited as being more difficult than in‐plane ultrasound‐guided injections, particularly for the novice ultrasonographer. In certain circumstances, the OOP approach is required as a result of the constraints of adjacent anatomic structures. To date, only the “walk‐down” approach has been detailed in the literature as a means of improving accuracy with the OOP approach. However, this approach uses a set needle entry angle (angle of incidence) and distance for the injection. This article uses the trigonometric function, arctan = opposite/adjacent (arcTOA), to allow readers to easily estimate the needle angle of incidence (arcTOA technique), allowing more flexibility when planning and performing OOP injections.
Effectiveness of Community Participation in Earthquake Preparedness: A Community-Based Participatory Intervention Study of Tehran
Authors: Jamshidi Ensiyeh , Majdzadeh Reza , Saberi Namin Maryam , Ardalan Ali , Majdzadeh Behdad , Seydali Elham 
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based participatory intervention on earthquake preparedness in Tehran.MethodsThis community-engaged research was conducted during 2011 to 2013. An intervention and a control neighborhood were chosen through systematic cluster sampling. In the intervention group 305 households and in the control group 314 households were sampled for pre- and post-assessment surveys. A participatory intervention was designed on the basis of consultation with the community advisory board and was implemented by trained volunteers. Changes in outcome variables in the intervention and control groups were detected in terms of knowledge, attitude, and practice. Pearson chi-square tests and covariance regression were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.ResultsThe results showed that the frequency of earthquake experience in the intervention and control groups was 69.2% and 79.0%, respectively. Moreover, the mean difference scores in knowledge, attitude, and practice in the intervention and control groups before and after the intervention were significant (P<0.001).ConclusionsA participatory intervention effectively improved disaster preparedness at a community level. To ensure sustainability, the participatory approach should be integrated into public health disaster planning. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:211–218)
Predictors of Persistent Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Carriage upon Readmission and Score Development
Authors: Ciobotaro Pnina , Flaks-Manov Natalie , Oved Maly , Schattner Ami , Hoshen Moshe , Ben-Yosef Eli , Balicer Ran D. , Zimhony Oren 
Published: January 2016

BACKGROUNDCarriers of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are often readmitted, exposing patients to CRE cross-transmission.OBJECTIVETo identify predictors of persistent CRE carriage upon readmission, directing a risk prediction score.DESIGNRetrospective cohort study.SETTINGUniversity-affiliated general hospital.PATIENTSA cohort of 168 CRE carriers with 474 readmissions.METHODSThe primary and secondary outcomes were CRE carriage status at readmission and length of CRE carriage. Predictors of persistent CRE carriage upon readmission were analyzed using a generalized estimating equations (GEE) multivariable model. Readmissions were randomly divided into derivation and validation sets. A CRE readmission score was derived to predict persistent CRE carriage in 3 risk groups: high, intermediate, and low. The discriminatory ability of the model and the score were expressed as C statistics.RESULTSCRE carrier status persisted for 1 year in 33% of CRE carriers. Positive CRE status was detected in 202 of 474 readmissions (42.6%). The following 4 variables were associated with persistent CRE carriage at readmission: readmission within 1 month (odds ratio [OR], 6.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.79–17.30), positive CRE status on preceding admission (OR, 5.46; 95% CI, 3.06–9.75), low Norton score (OR, 3.07; 95% CI, 1.26–7.47), and diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 0.98–3.44). The C statistics were 0.791 and 0.789 for the derivation set (n=322) model and score, respectively, and the C statistic was 0.861 for the validation set of the score (n=152). The rates of CRE carriage at readmissions (validation set) for the groups with low, intermediate, and high scores were 8.6%, 38.9%, and 77.6%, respectively.CONCLUSIONSCRE carrier state commonly persists upon readmission, and this risk can be estimated to guide screening policy and infection control measures.Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2016;37(2):188–196
Atypical late-time singular regimes accurately diagnosed in stagnation-point-type solutions of 3D Euler flows
Authors: Mulungye Rachel M. , Lucas Dan , Bustamante Miguel D. 
Published: January 2016

We revisit, both numerically and analytically, the finite-time blowup of the infinite-energy solution of 3D Euler equations of stagnation-point type introduced by Gibbon et al. (Physica D, vol. 132, 1999, pp. 497–510). By employing the method of mapping to regular systems, presented by Bustamante (Physica D, vol. 240 (13), 2011, pp. 1092–1099) and extended to the symmetry-plane case by Mulungye et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 771, 2015, pp. 468–502), we establish a curious property of this solution that was not observed in early studies: before but near singularity time, the blowup goes from a fast transient to a slower regime that is well resolved spectrally, even at mid-resolutions of $512^{2}.$ This late-time regime has an atypical spectrum: it is Gaussian rather than exponential in the wavenumbers. The analyticity-strip width decays to zero in a finite time, albeit so slowly that it remains well above the collocation-point scale for all simulation times $t<T^{\ast }-10^{-9000}$, where $T^{\ast }$ is the singularity time. Reaching such a proximity to singularity time is not possible in the original temporal variable, because floating-point double precision (${\approx}10^{-16}$) creates a ‘machine-epsilon’ barrier. Due to this limitation on the original independent variable, the mapped variables now provide an improved assessment of the relevant blowup quantities, crucially with acceptable accuracy at an unprecedented closeness to the singularity time: $T^{\ast }-t\approx 10^{-140}$.
AN ISSUE OF THE FIRST IMPORTANCE: REFLECTIONS ON THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF DIGNITATIS HUMANAE
Authors: Hittinger Russell 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIt is said that John Henry Newman was the “father of the Second Vatican Council” because of his work on doctrinal development and the claims of human conscience. Of the sixteen documents produced by the council, Dignitatis Humanae (“Declaration on Religious Liberty”) was recognized from the outset as a development of doctrine. Importantly, it was the second shortest of all the council's documents. Yet, for the past fifty years there has been lively debate about whether the development is consistent with previous church teachings and whether it is coherent on its own terms. This essay does not attempt to resolve all of the disputed issues regarding either consistency or coherence of the doctrine. Rather, I show, first, how and why Dignitatis Humanae was written in such a manner as to be surprisingly silent about its own place in the history of human rights as well as church teachings about church-state relations. Second, I attempt to interpret the silences in order to better situate ongoing debate about Dignitatis Humanae.
Simulation-based otolaryngology – head and neck surgery boot camp: ‘how I do it’
Authors: Chin C J , Chin C A , Roth K , Rotenberg B W , Fung K 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackground:In otolaryngology, surgical emergencies can occur at any time. An annual surgical training camp (or ‘boot camp’) offers junior residents from across North America the opportunity to learn and practice these skills in a safe environment. The goals of this study were to describe the set-up and execution of a simulation-based otolaryngology boot camp and to determine participants' confidence in performing routine and emergency on-call procedures in stressful situations before and after the boot camp.Methods:There were three main components of the boot camp: task trainers, simulations and an interactive panel discussion. Surveys were given to participants before and after the boot camp, and their confidence in performing the different tasks was assessed via multiple t-tests.Results:Participants comprised 22 residents from 12 different universities; 10 of these completed both boot camp surveys. Of the nine tasks, the residents reported a significant improvement in confidence levels for six, including surgical airway and orbital haematoma management.Conclusion:An otolaryngology boot camp gives residents the chance to learn and practice emergency skills before encountering the emergencies in everyday practice. Their confidence in multiple skillsets was significantly improved after the boot camp. Given the shift towards competency-based learning in medical training, this study has implications for all surgical and procedural specialties.
Dispersion relation of low-frequency electrostatic waves in plasmas with relativistic electrons
Authors: Touil B. , Bendib A. , Bendib-Kalache K. , Deutsch C. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe dispersion relation of electrostatic waves with phase velocities smaller than the electron thermal velocity is investigated in relativistic temperature plasmas. The model equations are the electron relativistic collisionless hydrodynamic equations and the ion non-relativistic Vlasov equation, coupled to the Poisson equation. The complex frequency of electrostatic modes are calculated numerically as a function of the relevant parameters kλDe and ZTe/Ti where k is the wavenumber, λDe, the electron Debye length, Te and Ti the electron and ion temperature, and Z, the ion charge number. Useful analytic expressions of the real and imaginary parts of frequency are also proposed. The non-relativistic results established in the literature from the kinetic theory are recovered and the role of the relativistic effects on the dispersion and the damping rate of electrostatic modes is discussed. In particular, it is shown that in highly relativistic regime the electrostatic waves are strongly damped.
How do language-specific characteristics affect the acquisition of different relative clause types? Evidence from Finnish
Authors: KIRJAVAINEN MINNA , KIDD EVAN , LIEVEN ELENA 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWe report three studies (one corpus, two experimental) that investigated the acquisition of relative clauses (RCs) in Finnish-speaking children. Study 1 found that Finnish children's naturalistic exposure to RCs predominantly consists of non-subject relatives (i.e. oblique, object) which typically have inanimate head nouns. Study 2 tested children's comprehension of subject, object, and two types of oblique relatives. No difference was found in the children's performance on different structures, including a lack of previously widely reported asymmetry between subject and object relatives. However, children's comprehension was modulated by animacy of the head referent. Study 3 tested children's production of the same RC structures using sentence repetition. Again we found no subject–object asymmetry. The pattern of results suggested that distributional frequency patterns and the relative complexity of the relativizer contribute to the difficulty associated with particular RC structures.
Indonesia’s Bold Strategy on Bilateral Investment Treaties: Seeking an Equitable Climate for Investment?
Authors: PRICE David 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis paper examines the recent decision by the Indonesian government to terminate its Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) with the Netherlands when it expires on 30 June 2015. It discusses the likely driving forces behind Indonesia’s decision, and its alternative future strategy. In particular, it focuses upon controversial provisions on investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) universally included in BITs. While Indonesia’s termination may appear of minor consequence at first glance, it has significant implications in terms of Indonesia’s obligations under international law as well its capacity to exercise its rights as a sovereign state to act domestically in the public interest. The termination of Indonesia’s first investment treaty containing the ISDS mechanism is also highly symbolic because it represents the first step in a reported strategy to review all its sixty-seven BITs. Indonesia thus joins a growing number of countries concerned about perceived excessive corporate rights enshrined in investment agreements as being incompatible with national development objectives.
A simple and versatile design concept for fluorophore derivatives with intramolecular photostabilization
Authors: van der Velde Jasper H. M. , Oelerich Jens , Huang Jingyi , Smit Jochem H. , Aminian Jazi Atieh , Galiani Silvia , Kolmakov Kirill , Gouridis Giorgos , Eggeling Christian , Herrmann Andreas , Roelfes Gerard , Cordes Thorben 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIntramolecular photostabilization via triple-state quenching was recently revived as a tool to impart synthetic organic fluorophores with ‘self-healing’ properties. To date, utilization of such fluorophore derivatives is rare due to their elaborate multi-step synthesis. Here we present a general strategy to covalently link a synthetic organic fluorophore simultaneously to a photostabilizer and biomolecular target via unnatural amino acids. The modular approach uses commercially available starting materials and simple chemical transformations. The resulting photostabilizer–dye conjugates are based on rhodamines, carbopyronines and cyanines with excellent photophysical properties, that is, high photostability and minimal signal fluctuations. Their versatile use is demonstrated by single-step labelling of DNA, antibodies and proteins, as well as applications in single-molecule and super-resolution fluorescence microscopy. We are convinced that the presented scaffolding strategy and the improved characteristics of the conjugates in applications will trigger the broader use of intramolecular photostabilization and help to emerge this approach as a new gold standard.
BRAFV600E inhibition stimulates AMP-activated protein kinase-mediated autophagy in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Sueda Toshinori , Sakai Daisuke , Kawamoto Koichi , Konno Masamitsu , Nishida Naohiro , Koseki Jun , Colvin Hugh , Takahashi Hidekazu , Haraguchi Naotsugu , Nishimura Junichi , Hata Taishi , Takemasa Ichiro , Mizushima Tsunekazu , Yamamoto Hirofumi , Satoh Taroh , Doki Yuichiro , Mori Masaki , Ishii Hideshi 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAlthough BRAFV600E mutation is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), response and resistance mechanisms for therapeutic BRAFV600E inhibitors remains poorly understood. In the present study, we demonstrate that selective BRAFV600E inhibition activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which induces autophagy as a mechanism of therapeutic resistance in human cancers. The present data show AMPK-dependent cytoprotective roles of autophagy under conditions of therapeutic BRAFV600E inhibition and AMPK was negatively correlated with BRAFV600E-dependent activation of MEK-ERK-RSK signaling and positively correlated with unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1), a key initiator of autophagy. Furthermore, selective BRAFV600E inhibition and concomitant suppression of autophagy led to the induction of apoptosis. Taken together, present experiments indicate that AMPK plays a role in the survival of BRAFV600E CRC cells by selective inhibition and suggest that the control of autophagy contributes to overcome the chemoresistance of BRAFV600E CRC cells.
Risk of liver injury after α-glucosidase inhibitor therapy in advanced chronic kidney disease patients
Authors: Kao Chih-Chin , Wu Pei-Chen , Wu Che-Hsiung , Chen Li-kwang , Chen Hsi-Hsien , Wu Mai-Szu , Wu Vin-Cent 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAlthough α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are commonly used for controlling postprandial blood glucose, AGIs-induced liver injuries have been reported. However, the relationship between AGIs and liver injuries in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients remains unexplored. In this nationwide case-control study, we recruited 1765 advanced diabetic CKD patients, who received AGIs therapy from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2010 as the study sample and 5295 matched controls. Recent and former AGIs users were defined as patients who received the AGIs prescription for 30–60 d and 30–210 d before the event of liver injury. The risk of AGIs-induced liver injury was examined using time-dependent Cox proportional hazards model. Liver injury occurred in 3.9% of patients in the study group and 3.3% of patients in the control group. AGIs use did not increase the risk of liver injury in advanced CKD patients (P = 0.19). The stratified analysis indicated no increased risk of liver injury in all AGIs-using subgroups (all P > 0.05). The available evidence supports extending the use of AGIs without increasing the risk of liver injury in patients with advanced CKD. Additional randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm our results.