bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving care experiences for premenstrual symptoms and disorders in the United Kingdom (UK): A mixed-methods approach
Authors: Funnell E. L. , Martin-Key N. A. , Bahn S. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Poor care experiences are reported for premenstrual disorders, which may result in negative outcomes such as distress, reduced healthcare engagement, and delays to diagnosis. Insights from those who have sought care for premenstrual symptoms previously are a valuable resource in identifying characteristics of poor care experiences as well as making recommendations for improvements based on their own experiences.
Method
An online survey was delivered, with participants recruited via social media. Data were explored using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.
Results
The sample included 339 participants who completed at least 97% of the survey, endorsed premenstrual symptoms in consecutive menstrual cycles, and had sought formal help specifically for premenstrual symptoms. The mean age was 34.66 (SD = 5.88), with the majority identifying as women (n = 332, 97.94%) and white/Caucasian (n = 311, 91.74%). 75.22% (n = 255) felt that care was poor. 44.25% (n = 150) felt their symptoms were not taken seriously. 37.76% perceived a lack of HCP knowledge (n = 128). The majority did not receive recommendations of additional non-formal sources of help (i.e., websites, support groups; 84.96%, n = 288) or lifestyle changes (74.63%, n = 253). Better care experiences were associated with healthcare professionals taking symptoms seriously (U = 1383.00, p < .001), higher perceived healthcare professional knowledge (U = 1370.50, p < .001), and receiving recommendations of additional non-formal sources of help (X2 = 48.251, df = 1, p < .001, Φc = .382) or lifestyle changes (X2 = 7.849, df = 1, p = .005, Φc = .152). Thematic analysis revealed 8 aspects of care improvement: Empathetic care provision; HCP education, understanding, & research; Comprehensive symptom assessment and investigations; Diagnosis; Professional support and treatment provision; Signposting or referral to additional resources or sources of help; Wider healthcare system improvements; and, Patient role/voice and preferences.
Conclusions
Poor care experiences for premenstrual symptoms in the United Kingdom (UK) are characterized by dismissive attitudes and perceived lack of knowledge. Improved training provision for healthcare professionals is required. However, given the healthcare system constraints in the UK, research is needed to explore the feasibility and utility of informational toolkits for healthcare professionals. Utilization of standardized screening tools and patient-centered communication will likely ensure comprehensive assessments and reduce self-advocacy burdens. It is crucial to improve knowledge of therapeutic interventions to reduce barriers to treatment-seeking and enable shared decision-making.
Approach of Dynamic Simulation and Optimization for Coevolutionary Intelligent Manufacturing Cell in Digital Twin
Authors: Leng Sheng , Chen Fuxing , Wei Yunpeng , Yang Xianggui , Wang Cong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In real manufacturing industry, the timely identification of weaknesses and precise determination of optimization areas are crucial for efficient workshop production. Traditional plant simulation methods have been widely employed to support decision-making, but the accuracy of these decisions heavily depends on the reliability of the simulation results. Static simulations, which rely on manually set parameters often fall short of meeting these demands. To address this, dynamic simulations incorporating real-time data are essential for generating accurate and actionable insights. A worth-trying approach is proposed therefore in this paper by establishing a plant simulation environment in Digital Twin(DT) utilizing a high-fidelity real-time coevolution model for intelligent manufacturing cells. To get the coevolutionary models in DT system, data modeling and integration, virtual-real event driven method are illustrated. This approach provides a true-to-life workshop simulation environment. By employing variable and customizable optimization strategies, diverse simulation outcomes can be generated, aiding in the selection of the most effective optimization strategies. The development of a coevolutionary DT for a manufacturing cell within an enterprise is presented as a case study, demonstrating the effectiveness of dynamic and combo-strategy production simulations.
Comparing Allogeneic vs. Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Myeloid Leukemia - Evaluating Outcomes Across Age Groups: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bandi Venkata Varshitha , Tarar Pakeeza , Bishara Rafik Maged Naguib , Koneru Hema Manvi , Sarwar Hooria , Sinha Mohit ,   7.	Iana Malasevskaia
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) impacts various age groups, with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) being an important treatment option, this review compares the outcomes of allogeneic and autologous HSCT, focusing on the influencing factors across different age demographics.
Methods
A comprehensive literature search was conducted across five databases, including PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Europe PMC, EBSCO, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The inclusion criteria encompassed randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies published since inception. After screening, 19 studies were selected for review, all demonstrating moderate to high quality.
Results
A total of 21,977 participants were included across the 19 studies, the majority of which were observational. Key outcomes assessed post-transplantation included overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), relapse rates, transplant-related mortality (TRM), and relapse-free survival (RFS). Notably, patients with abnormal 17p chromosomes exhibited varying OS based on age, with those under 50 showing better outcomes. An RCT indicated that autologous HSCT resulted in lower TRM and improved OS for children and adolescents, albeit with higher relapse rates compared to allogeneic HSCT. In elderly populations, autologous HSCT showed no significant difference in OS but demonstrated lower non-relapse mortality (NRM) compared to allogeneic HSCT.
Conclusion
Various factors influence HSCT outcomes in AML patients. Autologous HSCT may yield better results for children and adolescents, while allogeneic HSCT appears more effective for adults and the elderly concerning survival and relapse rates, despite some studies indicating a mortality advantage for autologous HSCT.
Foundation model for efficient biological discovery in single-molecule data
Authors: Walter Nils 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Modern data-intensive techniques offer ever deeper insights into biology, but render the process of discovery increasingly complex. For example, exploiting the unique ability of single-molecule fluorescence microscopy (SMFM)1–5. to uncover rare but critical intermediates often demands manual inspection of time traces and iterative ad hoc approaches that are difficult to systematize. To facilitate systematic and efficient discovery from SMFM data, we introduce META-SiM, a transformer-based foundation model pre-trained on diverse SMFM analysis tasks. META-SiM achieves high performance—rivaling best-in-class algorithms—on a broad range of analysis tasks including trace selection, classification, segmentation, idealization, and stepwise photobleaching analysis. Additionally, the model produces high-dimensional embedding vectors that encapsulate detailed information about each trace, which the web-based META-SiM Projector (https://www.simol-projector.org) casts into lower-dimensional space for efficient whole-dataset visualization, labeling, comparison, and sharing. Combining this Projector with the objective metric of Local Shannon Entropy enables rapid identification of condition-specific behaviors, even if rare or subtle. As a result, by applying META-SiM to an existing single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) dataset6, we discover a previously unobserved intermediate state in pre-mRNA splicing. META-SiM thus removes bottlenecks, improves objectivity, and both systematizes and accelerates biological discovery in complex single-molecule data.
Development and Validation of the Individual Potentials Questionnaire (IP-Q)
Authors: Sabo Abdulwali , Kuan Garry , Abdullah Sarimah , Kuay Hue San , Kueh Yee Cheng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Individual potential has recently been acknowledged by the holistic health model as being essential to successfully addressing life's demands, both now and in the future. The study employed a cross-sectional survey among Nigerian university undergraduate students, using a convenience sampling method, to assess their subjective individual potential. The study investigated the psychometric properties of the newly developed Individual Potentials Questionnaire (IP-Q). The study involved a total of 730 participants (EFA = 300 and CFA = 430). The I-CVIs and S-CVIs fall within the range of 0.83 to 1, and the I-FVIs and S-FVIs are 1. Two factors (biologically given potential and personally acquired potential) emerged in the EFA analysis, with all 14 items retained due to satisfactory factor loadings (above 0.50) and KMO = 0.905 (p-value < 0.001). The final CFA model fit indices were: CFI = 0.984, TLI = 0.980, SRMR = 0.034, RMSEA = 0.041, and RMSEA p-value = 0.880. Furthermore, the ICCs for the test-retest are 0.976 (biologically given potential) and 0.953 (personally acquired potential). The results show that the newly developed IP-Q has adequate construct validity and able to assess subjective individual potential.
Keywords: Demands, Life, Holistic, Health, Reliability, Construct.
Successful Repair of Adult Type II Aortopulmonary Window using Dual Patch Technique
Authors: Kynta Reuben Lamiaki , Nyitan Tabang , Sun Neelamjingbha , Mandal Mrinal 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Aortopulmonary window (APW) is one of the rarest congenital cardiac defects with an incidence of 0.2–0.3% of all cardiac malformations. Patients who present in adulthood with this condition are usually in Eisenmenger syndrome and are inoperable. We present the rare case of an adult with APW with severe pulmonary hypertension who was operable on investigation and successfully treated.
Case Presentation
A 24 year old female diagnosed with an aortopulmonary window in childhood presented with progressive shortness of breath over the past 6 years. Her clinical examination and investigation revealed a large aortopulmonary window. Cardiac catheterization was done to evaluate the operability of this case and revealed a reversible shunt. The patient underwent successful repair using a double autologous pericardial patch technique.
Conclusions
Operable aortopulmonary window in an adult is a rare presentation. This report presents the successful repair of aortopulmonary window in an adult.
Exploration and validation of biomarkers related to bile acid metabolism in obese patients
Authors: WEI CHENCHEN , DU QUANYU , FU HONGYING , ZHANG Yuwei , FU XIAOXU 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Studies have shown that bile acids can effectively improve metabolism and play an anti-obesity role. However, the mechanism of bile acid-related genes in obesity has not been fully elucidated.
Methods
Differential analysis was implemented to acquire differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between obesity (Obese) and Nonobese samples. The critical module genes were identified by the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Overlapping genes derived from intersecting DEGs, bile acid metabolism genes, and critical module genes. Biomarkers identified using three ML algorithms and intersection process. Nomogram constructed for predicting disease probabilities. Biomarker functions and pathways determined by enrichment analysis. miRNA-mRNA and mRNA-TF networks created.
Results
59 DEGs identified between Obese and Nonobese samples; yellow module deemed critical. 13 overlapping genes found via intersection analysis. PEMT, CP, and SLC27A2 identified as biomarkers via three three machine learning algorithms, used to construct a nomogram for predicting obesity disease probabilities. These biomarkers primarily involved in ER lumen, protein-lipid complex, and FA transmembrane transport activities. mRNA-miRNA network showed CP regulated by hsa-miR-592; TF-mRNA network indicated CP, PEMT, and SLC27A2 regulated by HNF4A, MLXIPL, and TCF2. RT-qPCR results showed PEMT and CP up-regulated in obese mouse tissues, while SLC27A2 expression was lower than in non-obese samples.
Conclusion
Three biomarkers (CP, PEMT, SLC27A2) linked to obesity, involved in bile acid synthesis/accumulation, impacting energy metabolism, glucose/lipid metabolism, etc. Study offers clinical significance for obesity diagnosis.
Prediction of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia by molecular detection of S. aureus in urine: a proof of concept study
Authors: Schuler Franziska , Kaasch Achim Jens , Schaumburg Frieder 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is associated with a 90-day mortality of 15–30%. Many SAB-patients (7.8–39%) have a secondary S. aureus bacteriuria (SABU) mainly without symptoms of a urinary tract infection. As early-targeted therapy of SAB can reduce mortality, there is an interest in rapid detection of S. aureus in blood or urine. Here, we compared a rapid nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) with conventional culture to detect S. aureus in urine and to identify cases with SAB.
Methods
In a cross-sectional study, we assessed urine samples (mid-stream, clean catch and catheter urine) of patients with SAB and bacteremia other than SAB (non-SAB). Urine samples were collected ± 3 days to the collection of the positive blood culture and were cultured on a set of selective and non-selective agar plates. NAAT was performed using a commercial test (Xpert® SA Nasal Complete G3, Cepheid) from a sterile swab soaked in urine.
Results
We included samples from 100 patients (68% male, median age: 67.4 years) with SAB and 20 patients (75% male, median age: 65.84 years) with non-SAB. The sensitivity of detecting SAB from urine samples was 47% (specificity: 90%) for NAAT, when applying a Ct-value of ≤ 37.4 for positive results. Urine culture had a sensitivity of 25% and a specificity of 95%. Molecular and cultural methods showed a moderate agreement (80%, Cohens kappa: 0.55).
Conclusion
NAAT from urine has a higher sensitivity than culture for predicting SAB. Future studies should investigate whether this could translate to a clinical benefit through rapid detection.
Echocardiographic changes in infants with severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia after fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO)
Authors: Avitabile Catherine M. , MPH Sabrina Flohr , Mathew Leny , Wang Yan , Ash Devon , Gebb Juliana S. , Rintoul Natalie E. , Hedrick Holly L. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) induces lung growth and may improve survival in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) but the effect on post-natal right (RV) and left (LV) ventricular size and cardiac function is unknown.
Methods: Quantitative measures of heart size and function including tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion Z-score (TAPSEZ), RV fractional area change (RVFAC), RV global longitudinal and free wall strain (RVGLS, RVFWS), RV/LV ratio, LV eccentricity index (LVEI), and LV M-mode diastolic and systolic Z-scores (LVIDDZ, LVIDSZ) were compared between FETO and control patients on first post-natal echocardiogram, prior to and post CDH repair, and on last available echocardiogram using non-parametric Wilcoxon rank-sum test in a single-center, retrospective cohort study. Linear regression models evaluated change over time, adjusting for clustering and interaction of echocardiogram parameters with time.
Results: Thirty-two patients (10 FETO, 22 control) met inclusion criteria. At first echocardiogram, FETO patients demonstrated lower RV/LV ratio and LVEI (p=0.01 for both) indicating less RV dilation and less ventricular septal displacement, respectively. LV hypoplasia was less severe in FETO patients (p=0.01 for both LVIDDZ and LVIDSZ) initially. After repair, FETO patients demonstrated better RV systolic function compared to control patients by FAC (p<0.01), RVGLS (p=0.02), and RVFWS (p=0.05). Over time, FETO patients demonstrated greater improvements in RV/LV ratio and LVEI but smaller increases in LV dimensions compared to control patients. Improvements in RV function were similar between the groups.
Conclusion:FETO patients demonstrate differences in cardiac size and function compared to control patients.
Displaced Cortical Vein Sign on CT: A Reliable Predictor to Distinguish Low Attenuation Subdural Collections from Benign Enlargement of Subarachnoid Spaces
Authors: Baskar Danika , Siala Selima , III William Pryor , Benefield Thad , Guimaraes Carolina 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Differentiating benign enlargement of subarachnoid spaces (BESS) from low attenuation subdural collections (SDC) on CT imaging can be challenging. The distinction between SDC and BESS is crucial in children, as SDC may raise the concern for non-accidental trauma (NAT).
Objectives
To evaluate the utilization of the displaced cortical vein sign on CT as a predictor of a pathological subdural collection confirmed by MRI and assesses the reproducibility of this finding between radiologists with different levels of clinical experience.
Methods and Materials:
A total of 104 imaging exams were independently reviewed by a junior and senior level radiologist (52 head CTs and 52 corresponding brain MRI exams). These exams included 43 MRI confirmed cases of SDC and 9 MRI confirmed cases of BESS from patients aged 0–2 years. The presence of pathological collections, sulci flattening, the displaced cortical vein sign, and the presence of thrombosed bridging veins were recorded for both reviewers along with attenuation and signal characteristics of the collections. Confirmed diagnosis of NAT was determined by chart review. The sensitivity, specificity, and inter-observer reliability were analyzed between reviewers.
Results
The average patient age was 6.4 months with a median age of 4 months. The sensitivity of the displaced cortical vein sign on CT for the presence of SDC confirmed by MRI was 79.0% and 69.6% for the two reviewers respectively. The specificity of this finding was 100% for both reviewers, with no false negative cases. Interobserver reliability was the highest among all features analyzed for the depiction of the displaced cortical vein sign on CT (κ = 0.63, 95% CI 0.45–0.82) and MRI (κ = 0.96, 95% CI 0.87-1.00). All cases where at least 1 reviewer noted the displaced cortical vein sign on CT and were later confirmed to be traumatic SDC on MRI were concluded to have high concern for NAT upon further chart review.
Conclusions
The displaced cortical vein sign on head CT is a specific and reproducible finding associated with subdural collections. Our data suggests that this sign is a more reliable and readily identifiable finding of pathological subdural collections compared to other traditional imaging findings, such as flattening of the cerebral sulci or bridging vein thrombosis. The displaced cortical vein sign when present on head CT should raise suspicion for NAT.
Progression of low-grade neuroendocrine tumors (NET) to high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms harboring the prototypical neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) co-alteration of RB1 and TP53.
Authors: Joseph Nancy M. , Umetsu Sarah E. , Kim Grace E. , Terry Merryl , Perry Arie , Bergsland Emily , Kakar Sanjay 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

High-grade or grade 3 epithelial neuroendocrine neoplasms (G3 NEN) are now divided into grade 3 well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (G3 NET) and neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), both defined by Ki-67 >20% and/or >20 mitoses per 2mm2. NET and NEC are thought to be distinct tumors with different genetic profiles: NEC classically harbor co-alteration of TP53 and RB1, while NET genetics are site-dependent with frequent alterations in MEN1, ATRX, DAXX, and TSC1/2 in pancreatic NETs. Progression from NET to NEC is considered rare and is not well described. While both TP53 and RB1 alterations were initially thought to be rare in NET, recent work has demonstrated the former in up to 35% of high-grade G3 NET and the latter in rare high-grade NEN that progressed from NET. Here, we describe 11 neoplasms (6 high-grade NEN, 5 low-grade NET) from 5 patients with low-grade NET that progressed to high-grade NEN with co-alteration of RB1 and TP53, similar to NEC. Morphology of the high-grade neoplasms remained well-differentiated in 3 cases despite RB1/TP53 co-alteration and was ambiguous in 3 cases. All 5 patients died of disease, with mean overall survivals of 41 months from first metastatic disease and 12 months from acquisition of RB1/TP53 co-alteration. This series highlights an important challenge in the classification of high-grade NEN: Do NET progress to NEC and, if so, how should this transformation be defined?
FBXL18 promotes cell proliferation by inducing K63-linked ubiquitination of PTEN in NSCLC cells
Authors: Liu Yu , Liu Xiaolong , Piao Hai-long , Liu Hong-Xu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose: We aim to investigate the role of E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXL18 in promoting non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression through the K63-linked ubiquitination of PTEN, thereby activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Methods: Forty-seven pairs of fresh NSCLC samples and adjacent para-cancerous tissues were collected from the patients at the time of surgical resection. The human NSCLC cell lines A549, H1299, H460, SPCA-1 were purchased from the cell bank of the Committee on Type Culture Collection of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CTCC, Shanghai, China).
Results: The study's results demonstrate that FBXL18 is upregulated in NSCLC and correlates with poor patient prognosis. Mechanistically, FBXL18 interacts with PTEN, inhibits its activity by inducing its K63-linked ubiquitination and promotes AKT phosphorylation and activation. In human NSCLC specimens, the expression of FBXL18 was upregulated and correlated with poor prognosis. Taken together, we uncover a new potential therapeutic targeting molecular mechanism by which FBXL18 activates PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in NSCLC.
Conclusions: FBXL18, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, upregulates in NSCLC and promotes tumor growth by activating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway through K63-linked ubiquitination of PTEN. Clinical relevance is further supported by the positive correlation between FBXL18 expression and activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway in NSCLC patients.