bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term follow-up of the use of maintenance antibiotic therapy for chronic antibiotic-dependent pouchitis
Authors: Segal Jonathan P , Poo Stephanie X , McLaughlin Simon D , Faiz Omar D , Clark Susan K , Hart Ailsa L 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveRestorative proctolectomy is considered the procedure of choice in patients with ulcerative colitis who have failed medical therapy. Chronic pouchitis occurs in 10%–15% of patients, which often require long-term antibiotics to alleviate symptoms. Safety and efficacy of long-term maintenance antibiotics for chronic pouchitis has yet to be established. We aimed to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of maintenance antibiotic therapy for chronic pouchitis.DesignThis was an observational study. We followed up patients who were diagnosed with chronic antibiotic-dependent pouchitis.SettingData were collected from our single specialist pouch centre.PatientsPatients with chronic antibiotic-dependent pouchitis who had been maintained on antibiotics continuously for at least 1 year with a least one follow-up visit.Main outcome measureDevelopment of pouch failure defined by the need for an ileostomy, patient-reported side effects of antibiotics and development of antibiotic resistance found on stool coliform testing.ResultsLong-term use of antibiotics achieve remission in 21% of patients over a median follow-up of 102 (range 9–125). Pouch failure in association with chronic pouchitis after a median follow-up of 8.5 years occurred in 18%. Side effects of long-term antibiotic use occurred in 28% of patients, with resistance to antibiotics from at least one stool sample occurring in 78% patients.ConclusionsAlthough the use of antibiotics in chronic pouchitis may be justified, the use of long-term antibiotics must be weighed against potential complications associated with pouchitis and antibiotics.
Analytical bound-state solutions of the Schrödinger equation for the Manning–Rosen plus Hulthén potential within SUSY quantum mechanics
Authors: Ahmadov A. I. , Naeem Maria , Qocayeva M. V. , Tarverdiyeva V. A. 
Published: February 2018

In this paper, the bound-state solution of the modified radial Schrödinger equation is obtained for the Manning–Rosen plus Hulthén potential by using new developed scheme to overcome the centrifugal part. The energy eigenvalues and corresponding radial wave functions are defined for any [Formula: see text] angular momentum case via the Nikiforov–Uvarov (NU) and supersymmetric quantum mechanics (SUSY QM) methods. Thanks to both methods, equivalent expressions are obtained for the energy eigenvalues, and the expression of radial wave functions transformations to each other is presented. The energy levels and the corresponding normalized eigenfunctions are represented in terms of the Jacobi polynomials for arbitrary [Formula: see text] states. A closed form of the normalization constant of the wave functions is also found. It is shown that, the energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are sensitive to [Formula: see text] radial and [Formula: see text] orbital quantum numbers.
Radon, Health and Natural Hazards
: a signpost for assessment and protection in the 21st century
Authors: Gillmore G. K. , Perrier F. E. , Crockett R. G. M. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This volume draws together the final outputs of the five-year UNESCO / IUGS / IGCP Project 571 and presents new data on radon in the built and natural environments, radon as a diagnostic tool of geophysical phenomena, reflections and recommendations on the future of radon research and a critique of radon's asserted use as a therapy. In recent years there has been an increasing interest in radon from a range of different aspects and we would suggest that radon science has the potential to be a useful tool in understanding our environment as well as its impacts on human health.
Models of temperature, entropy production and convective airflow in caves
Authors: Badino Giovanni 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Three major problems in cave micrometeorology are analysed: the concept of the temperature of a cave and its phenomenology; the internal energy flows and consequent local entropy production; and a non-hydrostatic physical model of the underground convective air circulation. A cave's temperature is rich in information, but it is often difficult to obtain because it requires experimental accuracies to be pushed beyond the reach of common external meteorological instruments to detect a variety of factors, such as thermal sedimentation, seasonal variations and the effects of external morphology. Energy flow has an essential role in estimating the sensitivity of a cave to external inputs. A model for evaluating the local entropy production is developed. Entropy seems to be the most basic parameter, explaining both the sensitivity of the environment and its tendency to form complex structures. Analysis of the second-order terms of convective air circulation is more complex than expected; nevertheless, only such an analysis is able to explain the behaviours (e.g. continuity in the airflow) that cannot be predicted by the first-order models.
BRD4 Profiling Identifies Critical Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Oncogenic Circuits and Reveals Sensitivity to PLX51107, a Novel Structurally Distinct BET Inhibitor
Authors: Ozer Hatice Gulcin , El-Gamal Dalia , Powell Ben , Hing Zachary A. , Blachly James S. , Harrington Bonnie , Mitchell Shaneice , Grieselhuber Nicole R. , Williams Katie , Lai Tzung-Huei , Alinari Lapo , Baiocchi Robert A. , Brinton Lindsey , Baskin Elizabeth , Cannon Matthew , Beaver Larry , Goettl Virginia M. , Lucas David M. , Woyach Jennifer A. , Sampath Deepa , Lehman Amy M. , Yu Lianbo , Zhang Jiazhong , Ma Yan , Zhang Ying , Spevak Wayne , Shi Songyuan , Severson Paul , Shellooe Rafe , Carias Heidi , Tsang Garson , Dong Ken , Ewing Todd , Marimuthu Adhirai , Tantoy Christina , Walters Jason , Sanftner Laura , Rezaei Hamid , Nespi Marika , Matusow Bernice , Habets Gaston , Ibrahim Prabha , Zhang Chao , Mathé Ewy A. , Bollag Gideon , Byrd John C. , Lapalombella Rosa 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family proteins are key regulators of gene expression in cancer. Herein, we utilize BRD4 profiling to identify critical pathways involved in pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). BRD4 is overexpressed in CLL and is enriched proximal to genes upregulated or de novo expressed in CLL with known functions in disease pathogenesis and progression. These genes, including key members of the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway, provide a rationale for this therapeutic approach to identify new targets in alternative types of cancer. Additionally, we describe PLX51107, a structurally distinct BET inhibitor with novel in vitro and in vivo pharmacologic properties that emulates or exceeds the efficacy of BCR signaling agents in preclinical models of CLL. Herein, the discovery of the involvement of BRD4 in the core CLL transcriptional program provides a compelling rationale for clinical investigation of PLX51107 as epigenetic therapy in CLL and application of BRD4 profiling in other cancers.
Significance: To date, functional studies of BRD4 in CLL are lacking. Through integrated genomic, functional, and pharmacologic analyses, we uncover the existence of BRD4-regulated core CLL transcriptional programs and present preclinical proof-of-concept studies validating BET inhibition as an epigenetic approach to target BCR signaling in CLL. Cancer Discov; 8(4); 458–77. ©2018 AACR.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 371
Report on the NCI Microbial-Based Cancer Therapy Conference
Authors: Curran Colleen S. , Rasooly Avraham , He Min , Prickril Ben , Thurin Magdelena , Sharon Elad 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The National Cancer Institute Inaugural Microbial-Based Cancer Therapy Conference was held in Bethesda, Maryland, on July 11–12, 2017. This interdisciplinary forum included industry leaders, academic investigators, and regulatory officers involved in the development of microbial-based therapies for the treatment of cancer. The aim of the meeting was to discuss the potential of virus- and bacteria-based therapies to halt tumorigenesis and induce immune responses in cancers where conventional therapy is inadequate. This summary highlights topics and viewpoints raised by the presenters and discussants and should not be viewed as the conclusions or recommendations of the workshop as a whole. Cancer Immunol Res; 6(2); 122–6. ©2017 AACR.
Long-Term Imatinib Treatment for Patients with Unresectable or Recurrent Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Authors: Ogata Kyoichi , Kimura Akiharu , Nakazawa Nobuhiro , Suzuki Masaki , Yanoma Toru , Ubukata Yasunari , Iwamatsu Kiyohito , Kogure Norimichi , Yanai Mitsuhiro , Kuwano Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2018

Background: Only limited data are available concerning the long-term outcomes of imatinib treatment among Japanese or Asian patients with advanced or recurrent gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Our multicenter study, which was conducted in northern Kanto, Japan, aimed to assess the efficacy of imatinib mesylate against advanced or recurrent GIST. Summary: The clinicopathological data of 234 GIST patients who were treated at one of the 11 participating hospitals from 2001 to 2011 were retrospectively reviewed (GREAT study). Imatinib was administered as a first-line therapy in cases involving unresectable disease or postoperative recurrence (41 cases). The patients treated with imatinib (n = 41) exhibited 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates of 92.3, 74.9, and 53.8% respectively. In univariate and multivariate analyses, imatinib continuation with dose reduction and achieving a complete or partial response were found to be associated with increased OS. The results of 2 large-scale, long-term trials demonstrate that the risk of tumor progression decreases with increased treatment duration. Furthermore, the interruption of imatinib treatment in responsive and controlled patients results in a high risk of disease progression. Key Messages: Long-term imatinib treatment is recommended for patients with nonprogressive disease. If patients experience significant toxicities, temporary dose reduction and treatment continuation might be useful.
A Return to the Philosophy of Praxis
Authors: Lopez Daniel 
Published: February 2018

AbstractI reviewThe Philosophy of Praxisby Andrew Feenberg, firstly, presenting a critical yet sympathetic summary of Feenberg’s argument, developed via Marx, Lukács and Marcuse. Despite sharing Adorno’s and Marcuse’s dismissal of proletarian revolution, he finds aspects of Marx and particularly Lukács compelling. Upon this synthesis he builds his own philosophy. Secondly, I argue that Feenberg’s treatment of Lukács’s 1920s work is unparalleled and may counter the systematic distortion to which it has been subject. He defends Lukács’s ontology with respect to nature and his politics, countering the charge of authoritarianism. Finally, I suggest that Feenberg tends to elide the analysis of the state and politics in Marx and Lukács, and that this distorts his understanding of the latter. I suggest a Hegelian interpretation of Lukács’s concept of mediation by way of parallel withThe Phenomenology of Spirit. I conclude by suggesting the implications of this disagreement.
Numerical Study of Physical Processes Controlling Summer Precipitation over the Western Ghats Region
Authors: Zhang Gang , Smith Ronald B. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Summer precipitation over the Western Ghats and its adjacent Arabian Sea is an important component of the Indian monsoon. To advance understanding of the physical processes controlling this regional precipitation, a series of high-resolution convection-permitting simulations were conducted using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. Convection simulated in the WRF Model agrees with TRMM and MODIS satellite estimates. Sensitivity simulations are conducted, by altering topography, latent heating, and sea surface temperature (SST), to quantify the effects of different physical forcing factors. It is helpful to put India’s west coast rainfall systems into three categories with different causes and characteristics. 1) Offshore rainfall is controlled by incoming convective available potential energy (CAPE), the entrainment of midtropospheric dry layer in the monsoon westerlies, and the latent heat flux and SST of the Arabian Sea. It is not triggered by the Western Ghats. When offshore convection is present, it reduces both CAPE and the downwind coastal rainfall. Strong (weak) offshore rainfall is associated with high (low) SSTs in the Arabian Sea, suggested by both observations and sensitivity simulations. 2) Coastal convective rainfall is forced by the coastline roughness, diurnal heating, and the Western Ghats topography. This localized convective rainfall ends abruptly beyond the Western Ghats, producing a rain shadow to the east of the mountains. This deep convection with mixed phase microphysics is the biggest overall rain producer. 3) Orographic stratiform warm rain and drizzle dominate the local precipitation on the crest of the Western Ghats.
Performance of the WRF Model for Surface Wind Prediction around Qatar
Authors: Sandeepan B. S. , Panchang V. G. , Nayak S. , Kumar K. Krishna , Kaihatu J. M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe performance of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model is examined for the region around Qatar in the context of surface winds. The wind fields around this peninsula can be complicated owing to its small size, to a complex pattern of land and sea breezes influenced by the prevailing shamal winds, and to its dry and arid nature. Modeled winds are verified with data from 19 land stations and two offshore buoys. A comparison with these data shows that nonlocal planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes generally perform better than local schemes over land stations during the daytime, when convective conditions prevail; at nighttime, over land and over water, both schemes yield similar results. Among other parameters, modifications to standard USGS land-use descriptors were necessary to reduce model errors. The RMSE values are comparable to those reported elsewhere. Simulated winds, when used with a wave model, result in wave heights comparable to buoy measurements. Furthermore, WRF results, confirmed by data, show that at times sea breezes develop from both coasts, leading to convergence in the middle of the country; at other times, the large-scale wind impedes the formation of sea breezes on one or both coasts. Simulations also indicate greater land/sea-breeze activity in the summer than in the winter. Differences in the diurnal evolution of surface winds over land and water are found to be related to differences in the boundary layer stability. Overall, the results indicate that the WRF Model as configured here yields reliable simulations and can be used for various practical applications.
Utilisation of maternal and child health handbook in Mongolia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Hikita Naoko , Haruna Megumi , Matsuzaki Masayo , Shiraishi Mie , Takehara Kenji , Dagvadorj Amarjargal , Sumya Narantuya , Bavuusuren Bayasgalantai , Baljinnyam Purevdorj , Ota Erika , Mori Rintaro 
Published: February 2018

Objective: This study investigated the use of a Maternal and Child Health (MCH) handbook, and related factors, in Mongolia. Design: Population-based cross-sectional study. Setting: Bulgan Province, Mongolia. Method: MCH handbook use was determined by examining whether participants had read it or recorded their health-related information into it. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to reveal factors related to MCH handbook utilisation. Results: Of the 716 participants, 631 (88.1%) read the MCH handbook and 428 (59.8%) recorded their health-related information in it. Mothers with middle or high educational attainment were more likely to have read it than were those with low educational attainment (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.41–4.50; AOR = 3.19, 95% CI = 1.29–7.93, respectively). Literate women and those who had been taught to use the handbook were more likely to read it (AOR = 3.19, 95% CI = 1.68–6.05; AOR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.31–4.46, respectively). Mothers with a middle or very high wealth index were more likely to have read it than were those with a very low index. Mothers with middle or high educational attainment were more likely to make records in it than were those with low attainment. Mothers who were taught to use the handbook were more likely to make records in it, while those who had children with chronic diseases were less likely to do so. Conclusion: Women’s literacy levels, educational attainment, economic status and effective explanation of its usage must be considered in order to enhance the handbook’s effectiveness.
Psycholegal Assessment, Diagnosis, and Testimony: A Bibliography
Authors: Ziegenfuss Donald G. , Ziegenfuss James T. 
Published: February 2018

The expanding interest in forensic psychology and psychiatry in both the theoretical and applied areas necessitates consideration of the developing literature. The authors view both theoretical and applied literature as the basis for further development of the field, including resolution of some of the difficult conflicts confronting courts, practitioners, and academicians. A bibliography of professional journal articles, law review articles, and books relating to psychological assessment, diagnosis, and testimony was developed to support the continuing growth of the field. The almost 200 citations include discussions of assessment and testimony techniques, diagnostic approaches, witness roles, competency determination, and examination.
The right of involuntary patients in mental institutions to refuse drug treatment
Authors: Sidley Nathan T. 
Published: February 2018

Just as the psychiatrist does not have the absolute right to impose treatment on an unwilling patient, the patient does not have the absolute right to refuse treatment. Only in a case where the patient is mentally incompetent can the physician treat him over the patient's objection. Almost all legal activity in the area of right to refuse treatment has involved court decisions. Legislatures have tended to avoid the issue. It would be best for both the psychiatrist and patient for psychiatrists to concentrate on patients obtaining adequate treatment instead of attacking their right to refuse treatment.
An Analysis of the Open Payment Database in Neurotology
Authors: Ziai Kasra , Sahyouni Ronald , Moshtaghi Omid , Vu Kimberly , Goshtasbi Khodayar , Ghavami Yaser , Lee Lauren , Lin Harrison W. , Djalilian Hamid R. 
Published: February 2018

Since the introduction of the Sunshine Act in 2010 and Open Payments Database (OPD) in 2013, a significant amount of data has been collected on physicians and the payments received through ties with pharmaceutical and medical device companies. To date, a study within the field of otology and neurotology using data from the 2015 OPD has not been conducted. As such, we assessed the validity and accuracy of OPD information for otologists and neurotologists (O&Ns). Of the 126 physicians listed as O&Ns in the OPD, 25 were actually general otolaryngologists, and 1 was a cardiologist. In addition, 88 O&Ns were misclassified by the OPD as general otolaryngologists. A total of 1156 payments, summing $1,966,204, were made to O&Ns as a whole, with 646, 507, and 3 payments classified as general, research, and ownership/investment interests, respectively. Analysis of OPD data for O&Ns demonstrates a significant financial relationship between O&N physicians and industry, as well as noteworthy inaccuracies in the OPD that likely affect other subspecialties.
Is catheter-directed foam sclerotherapy more effective than the usual foam sclerotherapy for treatment of the great saphenous vein?
Authors: Camillo Orsini 
Published: February 2018

Objective This retrospective study presents the long-term results of catheter-directed foam sclerotherapy of the great saphenous vein. Method From January 2003 to June 2017, 277 patients with varices and great saphenous vein incompetence were treated with echo-guided foam sclerotherapy. Forty-six patients were treated with long-catheters guided by foam sclerotherapy. Foaming was carried out with sodium-tetra-decyl-sulphate. Results Results were examined in the two groups: A (long-catheters) and B (other procedures). The median overall follow-up was 52.1 months. In the A-group, the complete occlusion rate was 34/46 pts (73.9%) and partial occlusion was 10/46 (21.7%). In the B-group, respectively, 130/231 (56.2%) and 90/231 (38.9%). Comparisons between groups were statistically significant (p = 0.023; p = 0.021). Failures involved, respectively, 2/46 (4.3%) and 11/231 (4.7%) with no statistical significance. The complication rates were similar in the two groups. Conclusions In this long-term experience (median follow-up exceeding four years), foam-guided sclerotherapy of the great saphenous vein with a long-catheter turned out to be more effective than the usual foam-guided sclerotherapy.
Supporting the future of municipal bonds in sub-Saharan Africa: the centrality of enabling environments and regulatory frameworks
Authors: Gorelick Jeremy 
Published: February 2018

This article explores the universal obstacles limiting sub-national governments from using municipal bonds. Specifically, it examines four case studies – Johannesburg, Douala, Dakar and Kampala – to understand their approaches to municipal bond issuance. The chief obstacle to municipal bond issuance for raising funds relates to the constitutional and regulatory systems in each country. This represents a significant departure from the commonly-held understandings that cities in the region are not eligible for long-term debt, lack capacity, or are not viewed as creditworthy by purchasers of municipal bonds. The success of municipal bond issuance appears contingent on strong interlinkages between central and sub-national governments. This article critically reviews the powers granted to local governments under the countries’ constitutions, specifically the legislation that enables or prohibits municipalities from issuing bonds. Reform for a financially sustainable level of indebtedness for sub-sovereign governments is essential for the future growth of cities in sub-Saharan Africa.