bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutational and epigenetic signatures in cancer tissue linked to environmental exposures and lifestyle
Authors: Perduca Vittorio , Omichessan Hanane , Baglietto Laura , Severi Gianluca 
Published: October 2017

Purpose of review
In this article, we describe how recent advances in the study of mutational and epigenetic signatures in tumours provide new opportunities to understand the role of the environment and lifestyle in cancer development.

Recent findings
Cancer-related mutational events have been investigated for decades but only recently the wide availability of genomic sequences and epigenomic data from thousands of cancer genomes has made it possible to identify numerous distinct mutational and epigenetic signatures through the application of advanced mathematical models. Some of these signatures have been linked to endogenous factors such as defective DNA repair or the action of APOBEC cytidine deaminases and to exogenous factors such as tobacco smoke, ultraviolet light, aflatoxins, aristolochic acid and ionizing radiation. More recently, it has been shown that exposure to factors such as tobacco smoke may also leave marks in the DNA methylation profile of both normal and tumour tissue in target organs.

Summary
The analysis of mutational and epigenetic signatures is a novel and useful tool to study cancer. Their application to experimental studies and to studies with detailed data on environmental exposures and lifestyle is likely to improve our understanding of how the environment and lifestyle influence cancer development and its evolution.
Lysine methylation signaling in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Roth Gaël S. , Casanova Alexandre G. , Lemonnier Nathanaël , Reynoird Nicolas 
Published: October 2017

Purpose of reviewDespite better knowledge of its genetic basis, pancreatic cancer is still highly lethal with very few therapeutic options. In this review, we discuss the potential impact of epigenetic therapies, focusing on lysine methylation signaling and its implication in pancreatic cancer.Recent findingsProtein lysine methylation, a key mechanism of posttranslational modifications of histone proteins, has emerged as a major cell signaling mechanism regulating physiologic and pathologic processes including cancer. This finely tuned and dynamic signaling mechanism is regulated by lysine methyltransferases (KMT), lysine demethylases (KDM) and signal transducers harboring methyl-binding domains. Recent evidence demonstrates that overexpression of cytoplasmic KMT and resulting enhanced lysine methylation is a reversible event that enhances oncogenic signaling through the Ras and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases pathway in pancreatic cancer, opening perspectives for new anticancer chemotherapeutics aimed at controlling these activities.SummaryThe development of potent and specific inhibitors of lysine methylation signaling may represent a hitherto largely unexplored avenue for new forms of targeted therapy in cancer, with great potential for yet hard-to-treat cancers such as pancreatic cancer.
Effect of Histocompatibility Y Antigen Matching on Graft Survival in Primary Penetrating Keratoplasty
Authors: Kim Mi Jin , Kim Joo Hyun , Jeon Hyun Sun , Wee Won Ryang , Hyon Joon Young 
Published: October 2017

Purpose:
To investigate the influence of histocompatibility Y (H-Y) antigen matching on corneal graft survival in primary penetrating keratoplasty (PK).

Methods:
Medical records of patients who underwent primary PK at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital between June 2005 and October 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The eyes were classified into 2 groups: H-Y-compatible (115 eyes) and H-Y-incompatible (23 eyes). The H-Y-compatible group included donor/recipient combinations of male/male (57 eyes), female/male (44 eyes), and female/female (14 eyes). The H-Y-incompatible group included the male/female (23 eyes) combination alone. A subgroup analysis of low- and high-risk patients according to preoperative diagnoses was also performed. Survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan–Meier method; differences between groups were assessed with a log-rank test.

Results:
A total of 138 eyes from 136 patients (age: 58 ± 18 years) were enrolled. Rejection-free graft survival and graft survival were not significantly different between H-Y-compatible and H-Y-incompatible groups (χ2 = 0.4, P = 0.548; χ2 = 1.9; P = 0.17, respectively). Preoperative diagnoses of high-risk cases included those with corneal perforation or thinning (8.7%) and infectious keratitis (7.2%). Low-risk cases included corneal opacity (50.0%), bullous keratopathy (25.4%), keratoconus (5.8%), and corneal dystrophy (2.9%). In the high-risk group, rejection-free graft survival rate was significantly higher in the H-Y-compatible group (χ2 = 3.9, P = 0.049).

Conclusions:
H-Y antigen matching does not influence graft rejection and failure in cases of primary PK. However, matching the H-Y antigen could help reduce graft rejection, especially in preoperatively high-risk patients.
Hypoxia and the Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor FG-4592 Protect Corneal Endothelial Cells From Mechanical and Perioperative Surgical Stress
Authors: Bhadange Yogesh , Lautert Jeferson , Li Shimin , Lawando Edward , Kim Edward T. , Soper Mark C. , Price Francis W. , Price Marianne O. , Bonanno Joseph A. 
Published: October 2017

Purpose:
To determine whether hypoxia preconditioning can protect corneal endothelial cells from mechanical stress and perioperative procedures mimicking Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK).

Methods:
Preconditioning was delivered by 2 hours of 0.5% oxygen incubation in a hypoxia chamber or by exposure to the prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor FG-4592, which prevents hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha degradation. Damage to whole corneas was produced by brief sonication. To mimic use with DSAEK, FG-4592-preconditioned and control donor corneas were dissected with a microkeratome, and the posterior donor button was pulled through a transplant insertion device (Busin glide). The area of endothelial damage was determined by trypan blue staining.

Results:
In all cases, hypoxia preconditioning or incubation with FG-4592 protected corneal endothelial cells from death by mechanical stress. Hypoxia-preconditioned human and rabbit corneas showed 19% and 29% less cell loss, respectively, relative to controls, which were both significant at P < 0.05. FG-4592 preconditioning reduced endothelial cell loss associated with preparation and insertion of DSAEK grafts by 23% relative to the control (P < 0.01).

Conclusions:
These results support the hypothesis that preconditioning by hypoxia or exposure to FG-4592 improves corneal endothelial cell survival and may also provide protection during surgical trauma.
The Role of Computed Tomographic Angiography in Predicting Left Anterior Descending Artery Graftability When Catheter Angiography is Inconclusive
Authors: Abazid Rami M. , Smettei Osama A. , Khalaf Hassan H. , Soomro Tariq , Ali Dar Mehboob , Tamim Muhammad , Farouk Khaled , Ahmed Fazel , Al-Mallah Mouaz H. 
Published: October 2017

Purpose:
Graftability of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) has important prognostic value for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. However, with a chronic total occlusion (CTO) of the LAD, invasive coronary angiography (ICA) may be insufficient to determine its graftability. We evaluated the role of coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA) in the assessment of CTO and LAD graftability when the distal vessel segment was incompletely visualized by ICA.

Materials and Methods:
We enrolled 31 patients with equivocal eligibility for CABG due to CTO of the LAD with poor distal flow defined by ICA. Patients with LAD diameters ≥1.5 mm by CTA underwent CABG surgery, and the vessel diameter was reassessed intraoperatively.

Results:
The mean age was 54±14 years. Seven patients (23%) had suitable LAD targets on CTA and underwent successful CABG. Another 24 patients (77%) had nongraftable LADs. Patients with a graftable LAD showed no significant difference between mean LAD diameter measured by CTA and during surgery (1.6±0.3 vs. 1.5±0.3 mm, P=0.21). The preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction was not significantly different between groups (35%±8% vs. 35%±7%, P=0.2). However, after a mean follow-up of 21±7 months, left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly higher in vascularized patients (41%±5.8% vs. 34%±8%, P=0.01, respectively). Six of 7 patients had patent LAD grafts on CTA at 1-year follow-up.

Conclusion:
CTA may provide valuable information about chronically occluded LAD size and graftability when ICA is inconclusive.
Host country language skills and expatriates’ cross-cultural adjustment in the presence of fear of terror
Authors: Paulus Philipp , Muehlfeld Katrin 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between host country (HC) language skills, fear of terror, and cross-cultural adjustment (CCA) of expatriates based in host countries with different terrorist threat levels.

Design/methodology/approach
Integrating the expatriate adjustment framework by Black et al. (1991) with social identity theory-based literature, this study first, theorizes about the effects of both fear of terror and HC language proficiency on CCA and, second, puts forward the moderating effect of the actual terrorist threat level on the relationship between HC language proficiency and fear of terror. Hypotheses are tested using survey data of 116 expatriates based in host countries with different threat levels.

Findings
HC language proficiency is positively associated with CCA. Yet, it is also positively associated with fear of terror, which is, in turn, negatively related to CCA. Consequently, the beneficial effect of HC language skills on CCA is reduced in environments where expatriates experience significant fear of terror. While the actual threat level has a direct positive effect on fear of terror, it also positively moderates the relationship between HC language proficiency and fear of terror.

Originality/value
This study extends prior literature on expatriation to dangerous environments by zooming in on a specific type of risk factor associated with international assignments, i.e., terrorism, and by integrating HC language proficiency and fear of terror as important factors, which may influence CCA in contexts in which expatriates experience significant fear of terror.
“Strange animals”: hybrid organisations in health care
Authors: Powell Martin , Castelli Michele 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to critically explore hybrid organisations in health care. It examines the broad literature on hybrids focusing on issues of perspective, definition, sub-type and level. It then presents the results of the literature review of hybrid health care organisations, exploring which organisations have been viewed as hybrids, and then examining studies in more detail with respect to the research questions.Design/methodology/approachIt critically explores the literature on hybrid organisations in health care through a structured search.FindingsIt is found that a wide variety of hybrid forms exist, but not clear what they combine or how they combine it. However, the level of depth from some of these studies is rather limited, with little consensus on definition, and relatively few drawing on any explicit conceptual perspective. It seems that the wider hybridity literatures have limited influence of studies of hybrid health care organisations.Originality/valueAs far as the authors are aware, this paper is the first attempt to critically review the literature on hybrid organisations in health care. It is concluded that it is difficult to define and explain hybrid health care organisations. Health care hybrids appear to be chameleons as they appear to be able to change their form to different observers.
Senior citizens’ perspective on the value offerings of third place via customer to customer (C-2-C) engagement
Authors: Meshram Kanika , O’Cass Aron 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to offer a framework of third-place value offering that explains how specific consumer groups’, senior citizens, customer-to-customer engagement in third places can develop their value experiences.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected for two studies from senior citizen clubs in Australia. Study 1 uses focus group (12) and is analysed with QSR NVivo software following content analysis. Study 2 is based on 324 surveys and is analysed with AMOS version 24 software.

Findings
Study 1 identifies eight themes based on 29 main codes to develop a framework on the value offerings of third-place value and its consumer-centric effect on seniors’ loyalty and social capital. The themes under social capital and loyalty contributed to a better understanding of how consumers engage with each other in social clubs and develop their social capital. The results of Study 2 support the conceptualisation of third-place value offering as a reflective model and confirm the model’s nomological validity in relation to seniors’ loyalty and social capital outcomes.

Research limitations/implications
The only limitation of the paper is that it presents findings based on data collected in a regional place in Australia.

Practical implications
The findings provide three practical implications for managers to consider in relation to service places: improve consumer patronage through community engagement, improve local business practices via consumer–owner friendship and redesign spatial settings to deliver meaningful consumer experiences.

Social implications
The present study has three social implications; first, it highlights the significant role of third places in bringing isolated groups of community together for regular interaction and socialisation. It also extends understanding on senior citizen customers and their consumption experiences within third places for value creation. The study also contributes to understanding how senior citizen customers develop loyalty towards third places and enhance their social capital through social engagement in the place.

Originality/value
This paper uses consumption experience to develop the consumer value in third places. It provides a consumer-centric focus to servicescape and incorporates recent works on third places, value, social capital and loyalty.
A fractal model for streaming potential coefficient in porous media
Authors: Thanh Luong Duy , Van Do Phan , Van Nghia Nguyen , Ca Nguyen Xuan 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTStreaming potential is the result of coupling between a fluid flow and an electric current in porous rocks. The modified Helmholtz–Smoluchowski equation derived for capillary tubes is mostly used to determine the streaming potential coefficient of porous media. However, to the best of our knowledge, the fractal geometry theory is not yet applied to analyse the streaming potential in porous media. In this article, a fractal model for the streaming potential coefficient in porous media is developed based on the fractal theory of porous media and on the streaming potential in a capillary. The proposed model is expressed in terms of the zeta potential at the solid−liquid interface, the minimum and maximum pore/capillary radii, the fractal dimension, and the porosity of porous media. The model is also examined by using another capillary size distribution available in published articles. The results obtained from the model using two different capillary size distributions are in good agreement with each other. The model predictions are then compared with experimental data in the literature and those based on the modified Helmholtz–Smoluchowski equation. It is shown that the predictions from the proposed fractal model are in good agreement with experimental data. In addition, the proposed model is able to reproduce the same result as the Helmholtz–Smoluchowski equation, particularly for high fluid conductivity or large grain diameters. Other factors influencing the streaming potential coefficient in porous media are also analysed.
Detection of circulating tumor cells using oHSV1‐hTERT‐GFP in lung cancer
Authors: Gao Hongjun , Liu Wenjing , Yang Shaoxing , Zhang Wen , Li Xiaoyan , Qin Haifeng , Wang Weixia , Zhao Changyun 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundThis study was conducted to evaluate the clinical utility of the oHSV1‐hTERT‐GFP circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection method in the peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer by comparing its sensitivity to the CellSearch CTC detection method.MethodsThe oHSV1‐hTERT‐GFP and CellSearch CTC detection methods were compared using peripheral blood samples of patients pathologically diagnosed with lung cancer.ResultsA total of 240 patients with lung cancer were recruited, including 89 patients who were newly diagnosed and 151 patients who had previously received treatment. Sixty‐six newly diagnosed patients were evaluated using both methods. The CTC detection rates were 71.2% and 33.3% using the oHSV1‐hTERT‐GFP and CellSearch methods, respectively; this difference was statistically significant (P = 0.000). Among the entire cohort (n = 240), the CTC detection rate using the oHSV1‐hTERT‐GFP method was 76.3%, with a CTC count of 0–81. The CTC detection rates were 76.7%, 68.9%, and 76.3% in patients with squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and small cell lung cancer, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the CTC detection rates between these different pathological subtypes (P = 0.738). The CTC detection rates of 79.8% and 74.4% in patients with stage I–III and IV lung cancer, respectively, were not significantly different (P = 0.427).ConclusionThe oHSV1‐hTERT‐GFP method is highly effective for detecting CTCs in patients with lung cancer, independent of pathological type and disease stage, and is ideal for large‐scale clinical applications.
CYSTIC FIBROSIS‐LIKE CHANGES IN BODY FLUIDS OF HEALTHY PERSONS PERFORMING ANAEROBIC EXERCISE
Authors: CEDER OVE , TEIEN DAG , BARDOŃ ALICJA , HELLSING KRISTOFFER , KOLLBERG HANS 
Published: October 2017

Ceder, O., Teien, D., Bardoń, A., Hellsing, K. and Kollberg, H. (Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Physiology, University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden, Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Sport, Warsaw, Poland and Department of Pediatrics, University of Kuwait, Safat, Kuwait). Cystic fibrosis‐like changes in body fluids of healthy persons performing anaerobic exercise. Acta Paediatr Scand 1983, Suppl. 309: 25. The biochemical compositions of blood, saliva and urine were compared at rest and during and after anaerobic physical exercise in homozygotes and heterozygotes for cystic fibrosis (CF) and in healthy controls.At rest there were only minor differences in blood compositions between the three genotypes. In saliva significantly higher resting values were found for ribonuclease, protein and sodium in homozygotes than in healthy controls. Heterozygotes showed saliva ribonuclease and protein values similar to those of CF patients. At rest both homozygotes and heterozygotes had higher urinary excretion of pyruvate, lactate, ribonuclease, sodium, chloride and potassium than healthy controls.Anaerobic effort caused increases in the blood values of citrate, pyruvate and ribonuclease which were similar in the three genotypes. Lactate rose to a lesser extent in homozygotes, however, than in the other two groups. In saliva anaerobic exercise caused increases in pyruvate, lactate, protein, ribonuclease and electrolytes in both controls and heterozygotes giving values similar to those of the homozygotes. After anerobic exercise the urinary excretions of pyruvate, lactate and ribonuclease increased and the excretions of citrate and electrolytes decreased in controls and heterozygotes.
CYSTIC FIBROSIS, SPECULATIONS ON THE PATHOGENESIS
Authors: KOLLBERG HANS , BARDOŃ ALICJA , CEDER OVE 
Published: October 2017

Kollberg, H., Bardoń, A. and Ceder, O. (Department of Pediatrics, University of Kuwait, Safat, Kuwait, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Sport, Warsaw, Poland and Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Umeå, Sweden). Cystic fibrosis, speculations on the pathogenesis. Disturbed metabolism of energy. Acta Paediatr Scand, 1983; Suppl. 309: 41.—Speculations on the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis are presented, the main points being:

— A disturbance in energy metabolism leads to an increase in glycolytic activity and in fatty acid turnover.
— The increased fatty acid turnover is associated with changed kinetics of NADH‐dehydrogenase and results in a higher 02 consumption and increased activity of the respiratory chain.
— The disturbance in energy metabolism and respiratory chain activity causes accumulation of calcium.
— The increased glycolysis leads to intracellular lactic acidosis in the exocrine glands.
— The lactic acidosis causes increased secretions of ribonuclease, lysosomal enzymes, mucus and probably some “CF factors”.
— Lactic acidosis, lack of energy, and “CF factors” cause inhibition of the reabsorption of NaCl in the sweat glands.
Celebrating 30 years of the Erasmus programme
Authors: Ceri Jones Hywel 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis is an edited version of 2 speeches given by Hywel Ceri Jones during 2017 which constitutes the story of the birth and development of the Erasmus programme to its present status as Erasmus +. In this text the place of education and training in the political and legal context of the development of the EU is highlighted. This presentation coincides with the widespread celebration of the thirtieth official anniversary of the Erasmus programme and with the growing political support for its expansion as key part of the EU's post 2020 strategy of development.
Seeing What is ‘Invisible in Plain Sight’: Policing Coercive Control
Authors: WIENER CASSANDRA 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCoercive control has emerged as a key focus for researchers and activists working in the field of intimate partner abuse. In England and Wales, the issue has taken on a new urgency. On 29 December 2015, s. 76, Serious Crime Act made ‘coercive or controlling behaviour’ a criminal offence. Implementation of the new offence has been slow. The analysis of data generated by empirical work with police and survivors suggests that police need to understand a working model of coercive control in order to adopt what could be a transformative approach to policing intimate partner abuse.