bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spin injection and inverse Edelstein effect in the surface states of topological Kondo insulator SmB6
Authors: Song Qi , Mi Jian , Zhao Dan , Su Tang , Yuan Wei , Xing Wenyu , Chen Yangyang , Wang Tianyu , Wu Tao , Chen Xian Hui , Xie X. C. , Zhang Chi , Shi Jing , Han Wei 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThere has been considerable interest in exploiting the spin degrees of freedom of electrons for potential information storage and computing technologies. Topological insulators (TIs), a class of quantum materials, have special gapless edge/surface states, where the spin polarization of the Dirac fermions is locked to the momentum direction. This spin–momentum locking property gives rise to very interesting spin-dependent physical phenomena such as the Edelstein and inverse Edelstein effects. However, the spin injection in pure surface states of TI is very challenging because of the coexistence of the highly conducting bulk states. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the spin injection and observe the inverse Edelstein effect in the surface states of a topological Kondo insulator, SmB6. At low temperatures when only surface carriers are present, a clear spin signal is observed. Furthermore, the magnetic field angle dependence of the spin signal is consistent with spin–momentum locking property of surface states of SmB6.
Generation of mutation hotspots in ageing bacterial colonies
Authors: Sekowska Agnieszka , Wendel Sofie , Fischer Emil C. , Nørholm Morten H. H. , Danchin Antoine 
Published: November 2016

AbstractHow do ageing bacterial colonies generate adaptive mutants? Over a period of two months, we isolated on ageing colonies outgrowing mutants able to use a new carbon source, and sequenced their genomes. This allowed us to uncover exquisite details on the molecular mechanism behind their adaptation: most mutations were located in just a few hotspots in the genome, and over time, mutations increasingly were consistent with the involvement of 8-oxo-guanosine, formed exclusively on the transcribed strand. This work provides strong support for retromutagenesis as a general process creating adaptive mutations during ageing.
Photo-electrons unveil topological transitions in graphene-like systems
Authors: Peralta Gavensky Lucila , Usaj Gonzalo , Balseiro C. A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe topological structure of the wavefunctions of particles in periodic potentials is characterized by the Berry curvature Ωkn whose integral on the Brillouin zone is a topological invariant known as the Chern number. The bulk-boundary correspondence states that these numbers define the number of edge or surface topologically protected states. It is then of primary interest to find experimental techniques able to measure the Berry curvature. However, up to now, there are no spectroscopic experiments that proved to be capable to obtain information on Ωkn to distinguish different topological structures of the bulk wavefunctions of semiconducting materials. Based on experimental results of the dipolar matrix elements for graphene, here we show that ARPES experiments with the appropriate x-ray energies and polarization can unambiguously detect changes of the Chern numbers in dynamically driven graphene and graphene-like materials opening new routes towards the experimental study of topological properties of condensed matter systems.
Elucidating a molecular mechanism that the deterioration of porcine meat quality responds to increased cortisol based on transcriptome sequencing
Authors: Wan Xuebin , Wang Dan , Xiong Qi , Xiang Hong , Li Huanan , Wang Hongshuai , Liu Zezhang , Niu Hongdan , Peng Jian , Jiang Siwen , Chai Jin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractStress response is tightly linked to meat quality. The current understanding of the intrinsic mechanism of meat deterioration under stress is limited. Here, male piglets were randomly assigned to cortisol and control groups. Our results showed that when serum cortisol level was significantly increased, the meat color at 1 h postmortem, muscle bundle ratio, apoptosis rate, and gene expression levels of calcium channel and cell apoptosis including SERCA1, IP3R1, BAX, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3, were notably increased. However, the value of drip loss at 24 h postmortem and serum CK were significantly decreased. Additionally, a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GC regulation mechanism were screened out using transcriptome sequencing technology. A total of 223 DEGs were found, including 80 up-regulated genes and 143 down-regulated genes. A total of 204 genes were enriched in GO terms, and 140 genes annotated into in KEGG database. Numerous genes were primarily involved in defense, inflammatory and wound responses. This study not only identifies important genes and signalling pathways that may affect the meat quality but also offers a reference for breeding and feeding management to provide consumers with better quality pork products.
Transcriptome assists prognosis of disease severity in respiratory syncytial virus infected infants
Authors: Jong Victor L. , Ahout Inge M. L. , van den Ham Henk-Jan , Jans Jop , Zaaraoui-Boutahar Fatiha , Zomer Aldert , Simonetti Elles , Bijl Maarten A. , Brand H. Kim , van IJcken Wilfred F. J. , de Jonge Marien I. , Fraaij Pieter L. , de Groot Ronald , Osterhaus Albert D. M. E. , Eijkemans Marinus J. , Ferwerda Gerben , Andeweg Arno C. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes infections that range from common cold to severe lower respiratory tract infection requiring high-level medical care. Prediction of the course of disease in individual patients remains challenging at the first visit to the pediatric wards and RSV infections may rapidly progress to severe disease. In this study we investigate whether there exists a genomic signature that can accurately predict the course of RSV. We used early blood microarray transcriptome profiles from 39 hospitalized infants that were followed until recovery and of which the level of disease severity was determined retrospectively. Applying support vector machine learning on age by sex standardized transcriptomic data, an 84 gene signature was identified that discriminated hospitalized infants with eventually less severe RSV infection from infants that suffered from most severe RSV disease. This signature yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.966 using leave-one-out cross-validation on the experimental data and an AUC of 0.858 on an independent validation cohort consisting of 53 infants. A combination of the gene signature with age and sex yielded an AUC of 0.971. Thus, the presented signature may serve as the basis to develop a prognostic test to support clinical management of RSV patients.
Herb-target interaction network analysis helps to disclose molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Liang Hao , Ruan Hao , Ouyang Qi , Lai Luhua 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThough many studies have been performed to elucidate molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) by identifying protein-compound interactions, no systematic analysis at herb level was reported. TCMs are prescribed by herbs and all compounds from a certain herb should be considered as a whole, thus studies at herb level may provide comprehensive understanding of TCMs. Here, we proposed a computational strategy to study molecular mechanism of TCM at herb level and used it to analyze a TCM anti-HIV formula. Herb-target network analysis was carried out between 17 HIV-related proteins and SH formula as well as three control groups based on systematic docking. Inhibitory herbs were identified and active compounds enrichment was found to contribute to the therapeutic effectiveness of herbs. Our study demonstrates that computational analysis of TCMs at herb level can catch the rationale of TCM formulation and serve as guidance for novel TCM formula design.
Intrapleural Adenoviral-mediated Endothelial Cell Protein C Receptor Gene Transfer Suppresses the Progression of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma in a Mouse Model
Authors: Keshava Shiva , Rao L. Vijaya Mohan , Pendurthi Usha R. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive thoracic cancer with a high mortality rate as it responds poorly to standard therapeutic interventions. Our recent studies showed that expression of endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR) in MPM cells suppresses tumorigenicity. The present study was aimed to investigate the mechanism by which EPCR suppresses MPM tumor growth and evaluate whether EPCR gene therapy could suppress the progression of MPM in a mouse model of MPM. Measurement of cytokines from the pleural lavage showed that mice implanted with MPM cells expressing EPCR had elevated levels of IFNγ and TNFα compared to mice implanted with MPM cells lacking EPCR. In vitro studies demonstrated that EPCR expression renders MPM cells highly susceptible to IFNγ + TNFα-induced apoptosis. Intrapleural injection of Ad.EPCR into mice with an established MPM originating from MPM cells lacking EPCR reduced the progression of tumor growth. Ad.EPCR treatment elicited recruitment of macrophages and NK cells into the tumor microenvironment and increased IFNγ and TNFα levels in the pleural space. Ad.EPCR treatment resulted in a marked increase in tumor cell apoptosis. In summary, our data show that EPCR expression in MPM cells promotes tumor cell apoptosis, and intrapleural EPCR gene therapy suppresses MPM progression.
Speeding up GW Calculations to Meet the Challenge of Large Scale Quasiparticle Predictions
Authors: Gao Weiwei , Xia Weiyi , Gao Xiang , Zhang Peihong 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAlthough the GW approximation is recognized as one of the most accurate theories for predicting materials excited states properties, scaling up conventional GW calculations for large systems remains a major challenge. We present a powerful and simple-to-implement method that can drastically accelerate fully converged GW calculations for large systems, enabling fast and accurate quasiparticle calculations for complex materials systems. We demonstrate the performance of this new method by presenting the results for ZnO and MgO supercells. A speed-up factor of nearly two orders of magnitude is achieved for a system containing 256 atoms (1024 valence electrons) with a negligibly small numerical error of ±0.03 eV. Finally, we discuss the application of our method to the GW calculations for 2D materials.
Therapeutic efficacy and safety of S-1-based combination therapy compare with S-1 monotherapy following gemcitabine failure in pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Sinan , Zhang Yuan , Zhou Xiaohu , Zhou Dongkai , Yang Qifan , Ju Bingjie , Zhao Xinyi , Hu Zhenhua , Xie Haiyang , Zhou Lin , Zheng Shusen , Wang Weilin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractS-1 monotherapy is widely used following gemcitabine failure in pancreatic cancer, especially in East Asia. We performed a meta-analysis to determine whether S-1-based combination therapy had better efficacy and safety compared with S-1 monotherapy. We searched Pubmed, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane CENTRAL and subsequently included five trials with a total of 690 patients. The combined hazard ratio (HR) or risk ratio; the corresponding 95% confidence intervals of progression-free survival, overall survival, and overall response rate; and grade 3–4 adverse events were examined. Five randomized controlled trials were included. Meta-analysis demonstrated S-1-based combination therapy significantly increased progression-free survival (HR = 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.67–0.90, p = 0.0009) and overall response rate (HR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.20–2.52, p = 0.003). Evidence was insufficient to confirm that S-1-based combined regimens improved overall survival (HR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.75–1.00, p = 0.05). There was no significant difference in adverse events between the two treatment arms. In conclusion, S-1-based combination therapy improved progression-free survival and overall response rate compared to S-1 monotherapy with acceptable toxicity.
Adenovirus vector-based incorporation of a photo-cross-linkable amino acid into proteins in human primary cells and cancerous cell lines
Authors: Kita Ayami , Hino Nobumasa , Higashi Sakiko , Hirota Kohji , Narumi Ryohei , Adachi Jun , Takafuji Kazuaki , Ishimoto Kenji , Okada Yoshiaki , Sakamoto Kensaku , Tomonaga Takeshi , Takashima Seiji , Mizuguchi Hiroyuki , Doi Takefumi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe site-specific incorporation of cross-linkable designer amino acids into proteins is useful for covalently bonding protein complexes upon exposure to light. This technology can be used to study networks of protein-protein interactions in living cells; however, to date it has only been applicable for use with a narrow range of cell types, due to the limited availability of plasmid-based transfection protocols. In the present study, we achieved adenovirus-based expression of a variant of an archaeal pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase and UAG-recognising tRNA pair, which was used to incorporate unnatural amino acids into proteins at sites defined by in-frame UAG codons within genes. As such, the site-specific photo-cross-linking method is now applicable to a wide variety of mammalian cells. In addition, we repositioned the reactive substituent of a useful photo-cross-linker, Nε-(para-trifluoromethyl-diazirinyl-benzyloxycarbonyl)-l-lysine (pTmdZLys), to the meta position, which improved its availability at low concentration. Finally, we successfully applied this system to analyse the formation of a protein complex in response to a growth signal in human cancerous cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. This adenovirus-based system, together with the newly designed cross-linkable amino acid, will facilitate studies on molecular interactions in various cell lines of medical interest.
A simple method to improve the stability of docetaxel micelles
Authors: Zhang Lan , Tan LiWei , Chen LiJuan , Chen XiaoXin , Long ChaoFeng , Peng JinRong , Qian ZhiYong 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSelf-assembled polymeric micelles have been widely applied in drug delivery systems. In this study, we found that pH value of micellar system solution was the decisive factor of physical stability. Furthermore, the weak basic solution could maintain the solution clarification for a relative long time. To investigate the stability of polymeric micelles in different pH solutions, the micellar particle size and the docetaxel content remaining in solution were detected at predetermined time points. The crystallographic assay of freeze-drying powder was characterized by an X-ray diffractometer. In vitro release results indicated that the PBS had little influence on the sustained-release effect of docetaxel-loaded polymeric micelles (DPM). Besides, the safety of micellar formulation was determined by an MTT assay on HEK293 cells, and the anti-tumor activity was tested on MCF-7 cells. The results demonstrated that DPM adjusted with PBS (DPM (PBS)) was of low toxicity and maintained the effectiveness of docetaxel. In vivo antitumor results indicated that DPM (PBS) had better antitumor efficacy than common docetaxel injection (DTX). Thus it was concluded that regulation of micellar solution PH by PBS is a safe and effective method to improve the physical stability of DPM. It might promote the application of micellar formulation in clinical applications.
Long intergenic non-coding RNA 271 is predictive of a poorer prognosis of papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Ma Ben , Liao Tian , Wen Duo , Dong Chuanpeng , Zhou Li , Yang Shuwen , Wang Yu , Ji Qinghai 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA number of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to play critical roles in oncogenesis and tumor progression. We aimed to investigate whether lncRNAs could act as prognostic biomarkers for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) that may assist us in evaluating disease status and prognosis for patients. We found 220 lncRNAs with expression alteration from the annotated 2773 lncRNAs approved by the HUGO gene nomenclature committee in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, of which FAM41C, CTBP1-AS2, LINC00271, HAR1A, LINC00310 and HAS2-AS1 were associated with recurrence. After adjusting classical clinicopathogical factors and BRAFV600E mutation, LINC00271 was found to be an independent risk factor for extrathyroidal extension, lymph node metastasis, advanced tumor stage III/IV and recurrence in multivariate analyses. Additionally, LINC00271 expression was significantly downregulated in PTCs versus adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.001). The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed that genes associated with cell adhesion molecules, cell cycle, P53 signaling pathway and JAK/STAT signaling pathway were remarkably enriched in lower-LINC00271 versus higher-LINC00271 tumors. In conclusion, LINC00271 was identified as a possible suppressor gene in PTC in our study, and it may serve as a potential predictor of poor prognoses in PTC.
Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of CDK9 drives neutrophil apoptosis to resolve inflammation in zebrafish in vivo
Authors: Hoodless Laura J. , Lucas Christopher D. , Duffin Rodger , Denvir Martin A. , Haslett Christopher , Tucker Carl S. , Rossi Adriano G. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractNeutrophilic inflammation is tightly regulated and subsequently resolves to limit tissue damage and promote repair. When the timely resolution of inflammation is dysregulated, tissue damage and disease results. One key control mechanism is neutrophil apoptosis, followed by apoptotic cell clearance by phagocytes such as macrophages. Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor drugs induce neutrophil apoptosis in vitro and promote resolution of inflammation in rodent models. Here we present the first in vivo evidence, using pharmacological and genetic approaches, that CDK9 is involved in the resolution of neutrophil-dependent inflammation. Using live cell imaging in zebrafish with labelled neutrophils and macrophages, we show that pharmacological inhibition, morpholino-mediated knockdown and CRISPR/cas9-mediated knockout of CDK9 enhances inflammation resolution by reducing neutrophil numbers via induction of apoptosis after tailfin injury. Importantly, knockdown of the negative regulator La-related protein 7 (LaRP7) increased neutrophilic inflammation. Our data show that CDK9 is a possible target for controlling resolution of inflammation.
TRPC3 positively regulates reactive oxygen species driving maladaptive cardiac remodeling
Authors: Kitajima Naoyuki , Numaga-Tomita Takuro , Watanabe Masahiko , Kuroda Takuya , Nishimura Akiyuki , Miyano Kei , Yasuda Satoshi , Kuwahara Koichiro , Sato Yoji , Ide Tomomi , Birnbaumer Lutz , Sumimoto Hideki , Mori Yasuo , Nishida Motohiro 
Published: November 2016

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) function as key mediators of mechanotransduction during both physiological adaptation to mechanical load and maladaptive remodeling of the heart. This is despite low levels of cardiac Nox2 expression. The mechanism underlying the transition from adaptation to maladaptation remains obscure, however. We demonstrate that transient receptor potential canonical 3 (TRPC3), a Ca2+-permeable channel, acts as a positive regulator of ROS (PRROS) in cardiomyocytes, and specifically regulates pressure overload-induced maladaptive cardiac remodeling in mice. TRPC3 physically interacts with Nox2 at specific C-terminal sites, thereby protecting Nox2 from proteasome-dependent degradation and amplifying Ca2+-dependent Nox2 activation through TRPC3-mediated background Ca2+ entry. Nox2 also stabilizes TRPC3 proteins to enhance TRPC3 channel activity. Expression of TRPC3 C-terminal polypeptide abolished TRPC3-regulated ROS production by disrupting TRPC3-Nox2 interaction, without affecting TRPC3-mediated Ca2+ influx. The novel TRPC3 function as a PRROS provides a mechanistic explanation for how diastolic Ca2+ influx specifically encodes signals to induce ROS-mediated maladaptive remodeling and offers new therapeutic possibilities.
Cytokines as the good predictors of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in school-aged children
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Mei Shufen , Zhou Yunlian , Huang Meixia , Dong Guijuan , Chen Zhimin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractExcessive immune response against pathogens may play an important role in refracory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP). The aim of this study was to elucidate the associations between cytokines and the prediction of RMPP in school-aged patients. Retrospective analysis was performed on school-aged children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) hospitalized in our hospital between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2015. The clinical charcteristics, including the cytokines in serum between the RMPP group and the general Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (GMPP) group were compared and the predictive values of RMPP were explored. Of total 180 patients, 115 patients were in the GMPP group, 65 were in the RMPP group. We found the levels of cytokines, including nterleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in RMPP group were significantly higher than those in GMPP group (P < 0.01). In ROC curve analysis, IL-10 and IFN-γ were useful for differentiating patients with RMPP from those with GMPP. Logistic regression analysis showed that the IL-10 ≥ 3.65 pg/ml and IFN-γ ≥ 29.05 pg/ml were significant predictors regarding to RMPP. Additionally, a positive correlation between serum IL-10 and IFN-γ concentrations was observed. Conclusions: IL-10 and IFN-γ could be used as the good predictors of RMPP in school-aged children.
Demonstration of Tunable Steering and Multiplexing of Two 28 GHz Data Carrying Orbital Angular Momentum Beams Using Antenna Array
Authors: Xie Guodong , Zhao Zhe , Yan Yan , Li Long , Ren Yongxiong , Ahmed Nisar , Cao Yinwen , Willner Asher J. , Bao Changjing , Wang Zhe , Liu Cong , Ziyadi Morteza , Talwar Shilpa , Sajuyigbe Soji , Ashrafi Solyman , Tur Moshe , Molisch Andreas F. , Willner Alan E. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn line-of-sight communication systems, accurate alignment between the transmitter and receiver is important to guarantee sufficient signal power at the receiver. Such alignment is even more important for orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing systems since misalignment between the transmitter and receiver may cause crosstalk among channels. In this paper, we demonstrate the simultaneous generation and tunable steering of two OAM beams utilising a custom-designed circular antenna array at 28 GHz. We achieve a steering angle of up to 35 degrees from the antenna array normal. We find that (i) the steering angle of the generated OAM beams is limited by the emitting angle of the antenna elements, and (ii) a larger steering angle may degrade the mode purity of the generated OAM beams as well as induce inter-symbol-interference to each of the individual channels. Moreover, we demonstrate the transmission of two 1-Gbaud quadratic phase shift keying (QPSK) signal over the two steerable OAM beams with both multiplexed channels achieved bit error rates (BERs) of <3.8 × 10−3.