bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An observational study on usual physiotherapy care in a stroke rehabilitation unit
Authors: Hendrey Genevieve , Williams Gavin , Clark Ross , Holland Anne E 
Published: November 2016

Aim: To document the range of physiotherapy interventions undertaken by stroke patients with mobility deficits during ‘usual care’ in inpatient rehabilitation. Methods: Twenty consecutively admitted adults were approached to participate if they met the inclusion criteria: diagnosis of first stroke with leg weakness; functional ambulation category score ≥3; able to mobilise ≥14 metres on level ground; and able to provide consent. All individual physiotherapy sessions for each participant were observed for one day. The duration of each therapy session was recorded, as well as the duration and type of specific physiotherapy interventions. Findings: Twenty participants (12 males, 8 females; mean ± SD age: 69 ± 20 years) were observed. All participants attended at least one individual session of physiotherapy on the day this study was conducted. Physiotherapy sessions lasted 47.8 ± 7.6 minutes, with an average of 17.9 ± 6.9 minutes spent resting. The most frequently provided therapies were: gait training (10.8 ± 4.7 minutes per session); strength training (8.5 ± 7.0 minutes per session); and balance training (6.2 ± 3.6 minutes per session). Conclusions: In this sample of ambulant patients following stroke, inpatient physiotherapy rehabilitation focused on gait training, lower limb strengthening and balance training. Active therapy time was low and long rest periods with no prescribed activity were evident, which suggests therapy time is not optimally utilised in this population.
Determination of citizenship organizational level of physical education teachers<p>Beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin örgütsel vatandaşlık düzeylerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: Başoğlu Burhan , Şekeroğlu Mustafa Önder , Altun Emrah 
Published: November 2016

The aim of this research is to determine the organizational citizenship levels of physical education teacher. In our research, survey method was used. The study participant 533 survey. Cronbach's alpha value is obtained as 91.2% for the overall scale of the reliability of the scale was determined to be high. Female teachers have a higher value than the average score courtesy of male teachers (p = 0.001 <0.05). altruism by level of education, the difference between the average education level of teachers according to the conscientiousness and civic virtue subscales were statistically significant. teachers with undergraduate education, according to teachers with graduate level education altruism, conscientiousness and civic virtue score values for the dimensions are higher. The average difference between the levels according to the tasks carried out by level made the task of conscientiousness subscale teachers are statistically significant (p = 0.042 <0.05). According to the economic welfare of altruism among teachers, conscientiousness, courtesy, sportsmanship and civic virtue lower average difference in size is not statistically significant (p> 0.05). ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı Beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin örgütsel vatandaşlık düzeylerinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmamızda anket yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya 533 denek katılmıştır. Cronbach’s Alfa değeri genel ölçek için %91.2 olarak elde edilmiş olup ölçeğin güvenirliğinin yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kadın öğretmenlerin erkek öğretmenlere göre ortalama nezaket skor değeri daha yüksektir(p=0.001 <0.05). Eğitim seviyesine göre diğerkâmlık, vicdanlılık ve sivil erdem alt boyutlarında eğitim seviyesine göre öğretmenler arasındaki ortalama farklılık istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır. Lisans eğitim düzeyine sahip öğretmenlerin, lisansüstü eğitim seviyesine sahip öğretmenlere göre diğerkâmlık, vicdanlılık ve sivil erdem alt boyutlarına ilişkin skor değerleri daha yüksektir. Görev yapılan kademelere göre vicdanlılık alt boyutunda görev yapılan kademelere göre öğretmenler arasındaki ortalama farklılık istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır (p=0.042 <0.05). Ekonomik refah düzeyine göre öğretmenler arasında diğerkâmlık, vicdanlılık, nezaket, centilmenlik ve sivil erdem alt boyutlarında ortalama farklılık istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir(p>0.05).
Creating a Construction Schedule Specyfing Fuzzy Norms and the Number of Workers
Authors: Plebankiewicz E. , Karcińska P. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The basic element of a project organizing construction works is a schedule. The preparation of the data necessary to specify the timings of the construction completion as indicated in the schedule involves information that is uncertain and hard to quantify. The article presents the methods of building a schedule which includes a fuzzy amount of labour, time standards and number of workers. The proposed procedure allows determining the real deadline for project completion, taking into account variable factors affecting the duration of the individual works.
Strength of the Three Layer Beam with Two Binding Layers
Authors: Smyczyński M. J. , Magnucka-Blandzi E. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The paper is devoted to the strength analysis of a simply supported three layer beam. The sandwich beam consists of: two metal facings, the metal foam core and two binding layers between the faces and the core. In consequence, the beam is a five layer beam. The main goal of the study is to elaborate a mathematical model of this beam, analytical description and a solution of the three-point bending problem. The beam is subjected to a transverse load. The nonlinear hypothesis of the deformation of the cross section of the beam is formulated. Based on the principle of the stationary potential energy the system of four equations of equilibrium is derived. Then deflections and stresses are determined. The influence of the binding layers is considered. The results of the solutions of the bending problem analysis are shown in the tables and figures. The analytical model is verified numerically using the finite element analysis, as well as experimentally.
Correlation of Cognitive Abilities Level, Age and Ranks in Judo
Authors: Kraček Stanislav , Pačesová Petra , Šmela Pavel , Štefanovský Miloš 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThe aim of this paper is to ascertain the correlation between selected cognitive abilities, age and performance of judokas according to ranking. The study group consisted of judokas in the age group 18 ± 2.4 years. The Stroop Color-Word Test - Victoria Version (VST) was the instrument used to determine the level of cognitive abilities. The data obtained were measured by the Pearson Correlation (r) correlation test. The results of the study show an associative relationship of indirect correlation (p < 0.01) between age and all of the three categories of the Stroop test. This is an indirect correlation, so the higher the age, the lower the time (better performance) of the probands in the Stroop test. There was no statistically significant correlation between performance in the categories of the Stroop test and rankings. The outcomes show that the level of selected cognitive abilities depends on age, but the level of the selected cognitive abilities does not affect the ranking of the judokas.
The Influence of Coaches’ Communication on The Level of Players’ Pre-Competitive Anxiety and Selfesteem
Authors: Kačúr Peter 
Published: November 2016

Summary
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the influence of coaches` communication discourse determined by educational program Mastery Approach to Coaching (MAC) on changes of players` level of pre-competitive anxiety and self-esteem. The research was applied on 10 coaches of collective sports and 161 players. For diagnosing, the level of cognitive, somatic anxiety and selfesteem was used standardized questionnaire CSAI-2R. Players of experimental group decreased level of intensity of cognitive (p = 0.004) and somatic anxiety as well as frequency and increased level of selfesteem intensity (p = 0.021) and frequency during intervention period. After three months’ experiment period players of experimental group experienced lower intensity (p = 0.000) and frequency of cognitive anxiety as well as lower intensity (p = 0.012) and frequency (p = 0.037) of somatic anxiety than players in control group. Players of experimental group perceived direction of self-esteem intrusions (p = 0.041) as well as intrusions of cognitive and somatic anxiety more positively than players of control group after intervention period.
Effect of hen age and storage time on egg weight loss and hatchability results in turkeys
Authors: Stępińska Monika , Mróz Emilia , Krawczyk Magdalena , Otowski Kamil , Górska Alina 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of egg water loss during storage and incubation on hatch rates in heavy-type broad-breasted white BUT Big 6 turkeys. Turkey hens started laying eggs at 30 weeks of age. In weeks 2, 8, 16 and 21 of the laying season, 1512 eggs were selected randomly and divided into 4 groups of 378 eggs each. The groups of eggs were stored for 7, 10, 13 or 17 days before incubation. At the beginning and end of the storage period and on days 9, 15, 21 and 24 of incubation, eggs were weighed to determine the percent water loss relative to the egg’s weight. Four incubation cycles of 378 eggs each were performed for each storage period. A total of 16 incubation cycles were carried out (4 weeks of the laying season × 4 egg storage periods) and the following parameters were determined (%): egg fertilization, dead embryos, unhatched eggs and hatchability results from fertilized eggs. The percentages of dead embryos and unhatched poults with physical defects and abnormal position were determined in hatchery waste from each incubation cycle. Egg water loss varied throughout storage and reached 0.57% of total egg weight after 7 days, 0.79% after 10 days, 0.87% after 13 days and 1.28% after 17 days (P≤0.05). After 7 days of storage, egg water loss during a 15-day and 21-day incubation period reached 5.76% and 8.72%, and lower values were noted after 17 days of storage (P≤0.05). Egg water loss of 1.28% during storage resulted in a high rate of early embryonic mortality (14.81%) and a low hatch rate (72.12%) (P≤0.05). High water loss in stored eggs contributed to a higher percentage of congested embryos. During storage, egg water loss reached 0.72% in week 2 of the laying season, 0.78% in week 8 and ≥1% in weeks 16 and 21 of the laying season (P≤0.05). Egg water loss during a 21-day incubation period was similar in weeks 2, 8 and 16 of the laying season, and lower in week 21 (P≤0.05). The hatchability of turkey eggs was lowest in weeks 16 and 21 of the laying season (P≤0.05). Low water loss during incubation contributed to a high rate of late embryonic mortality (13.2%). High water loss during egg storage is accompanied by lower water loss during incubation. Water loss should be monitored after storage and on days 15 and 21 of incubation to evaluate water metabolism in hatching eggs.
Effect of β-lactoglobulin gene polymorphism, lactation stage and breed on milk traits in Chios and Karagouniko sheep breeds
Authors: Triantaphyllopoulos Kostas A. , Koutsouli Panagiota , Kandris Athanassios , Papachristou Dimitris , Markopoulou Kalliopi E. , Mataragka Antonia , Massouras Theofylaktos , Bizelis Iosif 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The animal selection with favourable phenotypes of the past has been, currently, replaced by the genotype selection on quantitative traits, assisted by the expanding molecular techniques in the context of livestock improvement. In this study, the c.112T>C polymorphism in exon II of β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) gene was investigated in Karagouniko and Chios sheep breeds by using polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and possible associations with milk traits were examined. In total, 125 blood DNA samples were isolated for PCR-RFLP analysis and the respective 217 milk samples′ composition profile was obtained. The goodness of fit test to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) for β-LG genotypes was estimated and associations found between β-LG genotypes and raw milk composition. Two alleles and three genotypes were observed (AA, AB and BB) in both breeds, and Chios breed significantly deviated (P≤0.05) from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). Conclusively, linear mixed model analysis on samples, from both breeds collectively, showed significant effects of β-LG genotype on lactose percentage and somatic cell count (SCC), lactation stage on daily milk yield and protein, while the breed effect was significant only on daily milk yield.
Production, carcass characteristics and valuable cuts of purebred Simmental and Simmental × beef breed crossbred bulls in Finnish beef cattle population
Authors: Huuskonen Arto , Pesonen Maiju 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The objective of the present research was to study the potential for improvement of growth and carcass traits through Simmental (Si) × beef breed crossbreeding compared to purebred Si bulls in Finnish beef cattle population. The data collected from Finnish slaughterhouses included observations of 6 224 purebred Si bulls plus Si × beef breed crosses. For estimating valuable cuttings, a separate dataset including in total 314 bulls was also collected. The estimated average daily carcass gain of the purebred Si bulls was 686 g/d and it improved by 3 and 6% with Si×Blonde d’Aquitaine and Si×Charolais crossbreds, respectively. Carcass conformation improved by using Blonde d’Aquitaine, Limousin and Charolais crossbreeding compared to the pure Si bulls. Si×British breed crossbreds (Angus and Hereford) had poorer carcass gain and produced poorer conformed carcasses compared to purebred Si bulls. Furthermore, the yield of subcutaneous fat was higher in the Si×Angus and Si×Hereford bulls than in the purebred Si bulls.
Setzung von Rechtsnormen unter Berücksichtigung der Praxis: Das Beispiel des Strafrechts
Authors: Kuhlen Lothar 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
The article examines - with a multitude of examples - the complex method, in which criminal rules evolve in contemporary law. This happens in a continuing process, to which - in addition to the citizens - the legislator, criminal courts and the Federal Constitution Court contribute. The courts are not confined to applying the laws enacted by the legislator, which would be in accordance to a simple model of the separation of powers. The laws rather have to undergo an on-road test by the courts, during which they can prove to be practicable, difficult to handle or not practicable at all and therefore void. The legislator for his part takes note of the judicature and that often brings him to make further decisions. These include the abstaining from establishing new laws, the (plain or modifying) reception of some jurisdictional opinions, the changing of laws against their jurisdictional interpretation and the transformation of other than the jurisdictionally interpreted laws. All in all the criminal law proves to be a good example for the incremental evolution of norms, which occurs in a specific division of labour between the legislator, the criminal courts and the Federal Constitution Court.
„Gentlemen in, Genuine Knowledge out“? Zum Status wissenschaftlicher Normen für die Erkenntnissicherung
Authors: Huber Lara 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Case studies in the history of science and technology have shown that scientific norms, so called standards, contribute significantly to the evolution of scientific practices. They arise predominantly, but not exclusively, on the basis of interactions with instruments of measurement and other technical devices. As regards experimental practices standards are mandatory preparatory procedures in a variety of designs, including the inbreeding and genetic engineering of experimental organisms (e.g. transgenic mice). I claim that scientific norms not only regulate mere technical preconditions of research but also guide experimental practices, for example with regard to the stabilisation and validation of phenomena. Against this background, the paper introduces different kinds of scientific norms and elaborates on the question if they are means to epistemic ends (e.g. stability).
Positivity properties of metrics and delta-forms
Authors: Gubler Walter , Künnemann Klaus 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In previous work, we have introduced δ-forms on the Berkovich analytification of an algebraic variety in order to study smooth or formal metrics via their associated Chern δ-forms. In this paper, we investigate positivity properties of δ-forms and δ-currents. This leads to various plurisubharmonicity notions for continuous metrics on line bundles. In the case of a formal metric, we show that many of these positivity notions are equivalent to Zhang’s semipositivity. For piecewise smooth metrics, we prove that plurisubharmonicity can be tested on tropical charts in terms of convex geometry. We apply this to smooth metrics, to canonical metrics on abelian varieties and to toric metrics on toric varieties.
A construction of complete complex hypersurfaces in the ball with control on the topology
Authors: Alarcón Antonio , Globevnik Josip , López Francisco J. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Given a
closed complex hypersurface

Z
⊂

ℂ

N
+
1

{Z\subset\mathbb{C}^{N+1}}

(

N
∈
ℕ

{N\in\mathbb{N}}

) and a compact subset

K
⊂
Z

{K\subset Z}

, we prove the existence of a pseudoconvex Runge domain D in Z such that

K
⊂
D

{K\subset D}

and there is a complete proper holomorphic embedding from D into the unit ball of

ℂ

N
+
1

{\mathbb{C}^{N+1}}

.
For

N
=
1

{N=1}

, we derive the existence of complete properly embedded complex curves in the unit ball of

ℂ
2

{\mathbb{C}^{2}}

, with arbitrarily prescribed finite topology. In particular, there exist complete proper holomorphic embeddings of the unit disc

𝔻
⊂
ℂ

{\mathbb{D}\subset\mathbb{C}}

into the unit ball of

ℂ
2

{\mathbb{C}^{2}}

.
These are the first known examples of complete bounded embedded complex hypersurfaces in

ℂ

N
+
1

{\mathbb{C}^{N+1}}

with any control on the topology.
SLC22A2 – mapping genomic variations within South African indigenous and admixed populations
Authors: Pearce Brendon , Jacobs Clifford , Hoosain Nisreen , Benjeddou Mongi 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background:
The SLC22A2 gene is a polyspecific transporter that mediates the electrogenic transport of small organic cations with different molecular structures. Furthermore, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of SLC22A2 are clinically significant because they can alter the transport of substrate drugs and may, thus, influence the efficacy and toxicity thereof. Additionally, further studies have reported that SLC22A2 is responsible for 80% of the total metformin clearance. Therefore, loss-of-function variants of SLC22A2 could affect the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of metformin. Although it is widely accepted that African populations harbor a greater amount of genomic diversity compared to other populations, limited information is available regarding genetic polymorphisms in SLC genes among African populations, specifically those related to impaired functional activity of hOCT2. Therefore, the aim of this study was to map known impaired function variants in the SLC22A2 gene.

Methods:
Development of multiplex SNaPshot™ genotyping assay for 20 previously reported SLC22A2 nonsynonymous SNPs and the assessment of baseline allele frequencies of these variants in 140 Cape Admixed, 148 Xhosa and 152 Zulu individuals residing in Cape Town, South Africa.

Results:
We identified three nonsynonymous SNPs, namely, A270S, R400C and K432Q in the population studied at minor allele frequencies of 6.1%, 3.4% and 0.7%, respectively. The most frequently observed haplotypes across all three populations were CATAATGCGTACGCGCGACG (~85%), CATAATGATTACGCGCGACG (~7%) and CATAATGAGTACGCGCGACG (~4.5%).

Conclusions:
In addition to SNPs, the haplotypes identified in this study can in future also aid in identifying associations between causative genetic variants and drug response. This study contributes in filling the gap that exists with regards to genetic information about important variations in organic cation transporter genes for the indigenous populations of South Africa.
Anthropological Critique and Framing of Suburban Enclaves: Case of Neighbourhood X
Authors: Butko Matej 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The main point of this article is conceptualization of newcomers within specific suburb in perimeter of Bratislava. The analysis with fruitful and extensive base of evidence provides a connection between the western suburban community theories and local actual and discursive strategies in various topics. The content of this article consists of analysis of bonding, residential and motivational strategies of newcomers, and a wide conceptualization of them, including a class concept and a bounding character of socialization. Additional analytical and evidential asset of this article is the perceptiveness that provides us the ‘other-than-actual’ evaluative perspective. This perception is provided by other inhabitants outside of the researched Neighbourhood X. This evidence, which is connected to the theory of leisure class consumption, is therefore the perceptive side of the core definition of enclaves in residentially excluded neighbourhood. This article offers conclusions of a specific field experience and broadens not only the existing suburban community theories, but also the works that try to conceptualise significant traits of suburban enclaves.
Study of rheological behaviour of wines
Authors: Trávníček Petr , Burg Patrik , Krakowiak-Bal Anna , Junga Petr , Vítěz Tomáš , Ziemiańczyk Urszula 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This study deals with rheological properties of various wine varieties. Samples of the following wines were used for this experiment: André, Cabernet Moravia, Laurot, Saint Laurent, Gruner Veltliner, Pinot Blanc, Müller Thurgau, and Riesling Italico. These samples were obtained from wine produced from the grapes collected in the Czech Republic (Morava region, subregion Velke Pavlovice). In the first phase, the chemical composition of the samples was determined. The following chemical parameters were determined: total acidity, pH, content of the alcohol, reduced sugars, free SO2, total SO2, and volatile acids. In the second phase of the study, the physical properties of the samples were determined and the samples of the wines were subjected to rheological tests. These tests consisted in determination of apparent viscosity in relation to temperature, hysteresis loop tests, and apparent viscosity related to time. The dependence of the shear rate on the shear stress was described with the Herschel-Bulkley mathematical model. The experiment yielded the following findings: seven out of the eight samples behaved as non-Newtonian fluids at low temperature (5°C); non-Newtonian behaviour was changed into Newtonian at the temperature higher than 10°C; non-Newtonian behaviour was characterised as thixotropic behaviour; the degree of thixotropy is relatively small and reaches 1.85 Pa s-1 ml-1.