bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Permeable Thrombi Are Associated With Higher Intravenous Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Treatment Success in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Santos Emilie M.M. , Dankbaar Jan Willem , Treurniet Kilian M. , Horsch Alexander D. , Roos Yvo B. , Kappelle L. Jaap , Niessen Wiro J. , Majoie Charles B. , Velthuis Birgitta , Marquering Henk A. , Duijm L.E. , Keizer K. , van der Lugt A. , Dippel D.W. , Droogh - de Greeve K.E. , Bienfait H.P. , van Walderveen M.A. , Wermer M.J. , Lycklama à Nijeholt G.J. , Boiten J. , Duyndam D. , Kwa I.V. , Meijer J.F. , van Dijk E.J. , Kesselring F.O. , Hofmeijer J. , Vos J.A. , Schonewille W.J. , van Rooij W.J. , de Kort P.L. , Pleiter C.C. , Bakker S.L. , Bot J. , Visser M.C. , van der Schaaf I.C. , Mali W.P. , van Seeters T. , Niesten J.M. , Biessels G.J. , Luitse M.J. , van der Graaf Y. 
Published: June 2016

Background and Purpose—
Preclinical studies showed that thrombus permeability improves recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (r-tPA) efficacy. We hypothesize that thrombus permeability estimated from radiological imaging is associated with improved recanalization after treatment with intravenously administered r-tPA (r-tPA) and with better functional outcome.

Methods—
We assessed thrombus attenuation increase (TAI) in patients from the Dutch Acute Stroke Study with an occlusion of an intracranial artery on computed tomographic angiography. Patients were included within 9 hours after the stroke onset. After dichotomization of TAI as pervious or impervious, logistic regressions analyses were performed to estimate associations of intravenous r-tPA therapy with complete recanalization and with favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score of ≤2).

Results—

Three hundred eight patients matched the inclusion criteria. The median TAI was 20.1 (interquartile range, 8.5–37.8) Hounsfield unit (HU). We found a significant increase in the odds of complete recanalization with increasing TAI for patients treated with intravenous r-tPA (
P
=0.030). One hundred thirty-one (42%) thrombi were classified as pervious with TAI of ≥23 HU. In patients with a pervious thrombus, complete recanalization was more frequent after treatment with intravenous r-tPA than after conservative treatment (odds ratio, 6.26; 95% confidence interval, 2.4–16.8;
P
<0.001). In patients with an impervious thrombus, the effect of intravenous r-tPA was not significant (odds ratio, 1.4; 95% confidence interval, 0.5–4.1;
P
=0.47). Favorable outcome was more common in patients with a pervious thrombi than without (odds ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.3–3.4;
P
=0.001).

Conclusions—
Thrombus perviousness, as measured on computed tomography in the acute stage of ischemic stroke, is strongly associated with recanalization after intravenous r-tPA treatment and with favorable functional outcome.
New and newly recorded micro-caddisfly species (Insecta: Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from Australia’s north, including islands of Torres Strait
Authors: WELLS ALICE , DOSTINE PETER 
Published: June 2016

From the north of Australia’s Northern Territory, far northeastern Queensland and Torres Strait Islands, six new species of microcaddisfly are described: Hydroptila roperi sp. nov., Hellyethira khukri sp. nov., Oxyethira (Trichoglene) bamaga sp. nov., Oxyethira (Dampfitrichia) torresiana sp. nov., Orthotrichia pethericki sp. nov., and Orthotrichia becca sp. nov. Oxyethira torresiana is recorded from the northwest of York Peninsula and Badu Island in the Torres Strait as well as from Papua New Guinea. Northern Australian records are given for Orthotrichia veikaba Wells and Orthotrichia ensiformis Wells, previously known only from Papua New Guinea. Northern Australian distributions are extended eastwards for Tricholeiochiton jabirella Wells and westwards for Oxyethira (Trichoglene) triangulata Wells, until now recorded only from the Northern Territory and northeastern Australia, respectively. Brief notes are given on collecting methods and sites.
Canonical Transfer and Multiscale Energetics for Primitive and Quasigeostrophic Atmospheres
Authors: San Liang X. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe past years have seen the success of a novel and rigorous localized multiscale energetics formalism in a variety of ocean and engineering fluid applications. In a self-contained way, this study introduces it to the atmospheric dynamical diagnostics, with important theoretical updates and clarifications of some common misconceptions about multiscale energy. Multiscale equations are derived using a new analysis apparatus—namely, multiscale window transform—with respect to both the primitive equation and quasigeostrophic models. A reconstruction of the “atomic” energy fluxes on the multiple scale windows allows for a natural and unique separation of the in-scale transports and cross-scale transfers from the intertwined nonlinear processes. The resulting energy transfers bear a Lie bracket form, reminiscent of the Poisson bracket in Hamiltonian mechanics; hence, we would call them “canonical.” A canonical transfer process is a mere redistribution of energy among scale windows, without generating or destroying energy as a whole. By classification, a multiscale energetic cycle comprises available potential energy (APE) transport, kinetic energy (KE) transport, pressure work, buoyancy conversion, work done by external forcing and friction, and the cross-scale canonical transfers of APE and KE, which correspond respectively to the baroclinic and barotropic instabilities in geophysical fluid dynamics. A buoyancy conversion takes place in an individual window only, bridging the two types of energy, namely, KE and APE; it does not involve any processes among different scale windows and is hence basically not related to instabilities. This formalism is exemplified with a preliminary application to the study of the Madden–Julian oscillation.
Usefulness of T2*-weighted MRI in the detection of adnexal torsion
Authors: Kawai Nobuyuki , Kato Hiroki , Kanematsu Masayuki , Kawaguchi Shimpei , Kojima Toshihisa , Furui Tatsuro , Morishige Ken-ichirou , Matsuo Masayuki 
Published: June 2016

Background The usefulness of T2*-weighted (T2*W) imaging for the detection of adnexal torsion has yet to be determined. Purpose To assess the usefulness of T2*W imaging for detecting and differentiating adnexal torsion. Material and Methods Eight patients with eight ovaries with torsion and 44 patients with 72 ovaries without torsion were included in this study. All patients underwent 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including T2*W images. The frequency and distribution of hypointensity on T2*W images were compared between ovaries with torsion and ovaries without torsion. Results Hypointensity on T2*W images was significantly more frequent in ovaries with torsion than in ovaries without torsion (75% vs. 36%; P < 0.05). Among patients with hypointensity on T2*W images, the frequency of diffuse hypointensity was significantly higher in ovaries with torsion than in ovaries without torsion (83% vs. 0%; P < 0.01); whereas the frequency of focal hypointensity was significantly lower in ovaries with torsion than in ovaries without torsion (17% vs. 100%; P < 0.01). Conclusion The presence and distribution of hypointensity on T2*W images may play a supplementary role in the detection of adnexal torsion.
Can an Internet Adoption Framework be Developed for SMEs in South Africa
Authors: Mavimbela Regomoditswe , Dube Erick 
Published: June 2016

Over two billion people across the globe are now connected to the Internet and the numbers are growing at approximately 200 million people per annum, attracting focus by businesses and governments especially pertaining to contributing to economic growth. Small and medium enterprises (SME) as engines of growth for South Africa, given that they have proved to provide over 50 per cent of employment in many economies, cannot be left out of the technology race. An adoption of Internet would leapfrog these SMEs to levels beyond survival but lead to sustainable businesses. This study 1 1 In association with UNISA Graduate School of Business Leadership (UNISA SBL). investigated the viability of the development of an Internet adoption framework that is appropriate to the needs of SMEs in South Africa. SMEs in South Africa have been slow to adopt Internet technologies owing to the development and implementation of an Internet framework could best serve the SME sector needs. In-depth interviews were conducted with SMEs to investigate the levels of adoption by SMEs and an analysis of the current Internet supply ecosystem was conducted. The research results reveal that SME are using what is available but not to full capacity to enable their business to thrive, given the benefits provided by Internet technologies. Their slow adoption is due to; lack of infrastructure and skills, lack of cyber laws, which will provide trust, slow Internet speed and high costs of connection. The results also provided a positive outlook towards ascertaining if an Internet framework can be developed to serve the needs of SMEs in South Africa, if government is to take the lead facilitator role.
High-quality permanent draft genome sequence of Ensifer sp. PC2, isolated from a nitrogen-fixing root nodule of the legume tree (Khejri) native to the Thar Desert of India
Authors: Gehlot Hukam Singh , Ardley Julie , Tak Nisha , Tian Rui , Poonar Neetu , Meghwal Raju R. , Rathi Sonam , Tiwari Ravi , Adnawani Wan , Seshadri Rekha , Reddy T. B. K. , Pati Amrita , Woyke Tanja , Pillay Manoj , Markowitz Victor , Baeshen Mohammed N. , Al-Hejin Ahmed M. , Ivanova Natalia , Kyrpides Nikos , Reeve Wayne 
Published: June 2016

AbstractEnsifer sp. PC2 is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod that was isolated from a nitrogen-fixing nodule of the tree legume P. cineraria (L.) Druce (Khejri), which is a keystone species that grows in arid and semi-arid regions of the Indian Thar desert. Strain PC2 exists as a dominant saprophyte in alkaline soils of Western Rajasthan. It is fast growing, well-adapted to arid conditions and is able to form an effective symbiosis with several annual crop legumes as well as species of mimosoid trees and shrubs. Here we describe the features of Ensifer sp. PC2, together with genome sequence information and its annotation. The 8,458,965 bp high-quality permanent draft genome is arranged into 171 scaffolds of 171 contigs containing 8,344 protein-coding genes and 139 RNA-only encoding genes, and is one of the rhizobial genomes sequenced as part of the DOE Joint Genome Institute 2010 Genomic Encyclopedia for Bacteria and Archaea-Root Nodule Bacteria (GEBA-RNB) project proposal.
The Implementation and Enforcement of Tobacco Control Laws: Policy Implications for Activists and the Industry
Authors: Jacobson Peter D. , Wasserman Jeffrey 
Published: June 2016

We examine the process by which antitobacco laws and ordinances were implemented and enforced in seven states and nineteen localities. Our findings indicate that state- and local-level clean indoor air laws were rarely enforced by governmental agencies. Instead, these laws were largely self-enforcing in that changed social norms regarding appropriate smoking behavior led to generally high compliance rates. In contrast, teen access laws were not self-enforcing, but were often enforced through periodic vendor compliance checks. We also found that antitobacco forces did not devote a significant amount of attention to implementation and enforcement issues. Their focus was primarily on enacting new legislation and fighting tobacco industry attempts to weaken existing laws.Our results do not augur well for public health measures that require state-level enforcement and that are opposed by powerful and politically well-connected interests. For tobacco control laws to be effective, public health advocates need to consider the locus of enforcement responsibility and the sanctions available to the enforcement agency, such as license removal by local authorities. These results suggest that failure to specify such mechanisms in the legislation will lead to delays in implementing and enforcing the laws as well as to a number of compliance problems. Antitobacco coalitions will also need to become more actively involved in the implementation and enforcement process.
Do Targeted Discount Offers Serve as Advertising? Evidence from 70 Field Experiments
Authors: Sahni Navdeep S. , Zou Dan , Chintagunta Pradeep K. 
Published: June 2016

The prevalence and widespread usage of email has given businesses a direct and cost-effective way of providing consumers with targeted discount offers. While these discounts are expected to increase the demand for the promoted products, are they effective in increasing revenues? Do they have effects beyond acting as price reductions? We study these questions using individual-level data from 70 randomized experiments run by a large online ticket resale platform. We estimate the redemption rates of the offers and also measure the broader impact of emailed promotions by comparing purchases by individuals who received the experimental promotions with purchases by those who did not receive the offers because of the experimental randomization. We find that the offers cause the average expenditure to increase significantly, by $3.03 (a 37.2% increase) during the promotion window. However, the redemption rate of these offers is low. Importantly, 90% of these gains are not through redemption of the offers. The individuals who spent more on the platform in the past are more responsive to the offers, and the effect of the offers is significantly higher among individuals who did not transact on the platform in the year before the offer was given. Interestingly, the offer causes carryover to the week after the promotion expires; we find that spending increases by $1.55 in the week after the offer expires. Additionally, we find evidence for cross category spillovers to nonpromoted products: offers not applicable to a ticket genre cause an increase in spending in that genre. We conclude that emailed offers can serve as a form of “advertising” for the firm’s products, in addition to being tools for price discrimination. This paper was accepted by Eric Anderson, marketing.
Accented Algerian documentary: Jean-Pierre Lledo’s ‘Trilogy of Exile’
Authors: Bélot Sophie 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The history of North African countries is defined by waves of emigration to their former colonies and other countries. After its independence in 1962, Algeria experienced one of its most important exoduses, mostly towards its former coloniser, France. Rarely documented, this migration concerned pied-noirs2, Europeans, harkis3 and Algerian Jews who moved to France for safety reasons and work opportunities. Expelled from Algeria and unwelcome in France, these groups became invisible and silenced. The invisibility and silence of certain groups of people in Algeria continued well after independence. During the Algerian crisis of the 1990s and early 2000s, minority groups (Berbers) as well as dissidents to the national identity (Arabo-Muslim) became the target of Islamist rebels. As an Algerian film-maker with Berber Jewish and Spanish origins, Jean-Pierre Lledo’s work is concerned with the memory of Algeria’s multi-ethnic groups who experienced the war of independence and its aftermath. Not easily fitting the official history, his films were often subject to censorship, which meant that in the turbulent years of the 1990s, Lledo was forced to leave Algeria because of Islamist pressure. Whilst in Algeria creativity was stifled, in France Lledo could resume his work to make his ‘Trilogy in Exile’, three documentaries dealing with Algeria’s past and present which focus on its dispossessed and displaced groups of individuals (like himself). Lledo’s personal and exilic stance is a distinctive feature of his (Algerian) documentaries. Travelling through France as well as returning to Algeria to travel through it, Lledo meets with what he calls, ‘his phantoms’. Looking at his ‘Trilogy in Exile’ documentaries, which include An Algerian Dream (2003), Algerias: My Phantoms (2004) and Algeria: Unspoken Stories (2007), this article will show how his exilic position informs his documentaries’ aesthetics as well as political stance to facilitate a multi-ethnic exchange and dialogue.
Chromosome Numbers in Hieracium (Asteraceae) from Central and Southeastern Europe II
Authors: Musiał Krystyna , Janas Agnieszka , Szeląg Zbigniew 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Chromosome numbers for 12 Hieracium s.str. species from Bulgaria, Macedonia, Montenegro, Poland, Romania and Serbia are given and their metaphase plates are illustrated. Chromosome numbers are published for the first time for H. albinum Fries 2n=4x=36, H. bukovicae Rohlena & Zahn; 2n=3x=27, H. retyezatense subsp. subatratiforme Neičeff & Zahn 2n=4x=36, H. velenovskyi Freyn 2n=3x=27, as well as two undescribed species belonging to the H. bohatschianum agg. 2n=4x=36 and H. nigrescens agg. 2n=4x=36 and a hybrid between H. naegelianum Pančić and H. bifidum s.lat. 2n=4x=36.
Methods of Computational Intelligence in the Context of Quality Assurance in Foundry Products
Authors: Rojek G. , Regulski K. , Wilk-Kołodziejczyk D. , Kluska-Nawarecka S. , Jaśkowiec K. , Smolarek-Grzyb A. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
One way to ensure the required technical characteristics of castings is the strict control of production parameters affecting the quality of the finished products. If the production process is improperly configured, the resulting defects in castings lead to huge losses. Therefore, from the point of view of economics, it is advisable to use the methods of computational intelligence in the field of quality assurance and adjustment of parameters of future production. At the same time, the development of knowledge in the field of metallurgy, aimed to raise the technical level and efficiency of the manufacture of foundry products, should be followed by the development of information systems to support production processes in order to improve their effectiveness and compliance with the increasingly more stringent requirements of ergonomics, occupational safety, environmental protection and quality. This article is a presentation of artificial intelligence methods used in practical applications related to quality assurance. The problem of control of the production process involves the use of tools such as the induction of decision trees, fuzzy logic, rough set theory, artificial neural networks or case-based reasoning.
Analysis of Spent Moulding Sands with Binders of Various Thermal Degradations, in an Aspect of a Possibility of a Directional Mould Degassing
Authors: Łucarz M. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The results of investigations of spent moulding sands taken from the mould in which the metal core cooling system - to increase the cooling rate of the ladle casting - was applied, are presented in the hereby paper. The changes of the spent moulding sand at the casting external side being the result of degradation and destruction processes of organic binder, were analysed in this publication. Since the reclaimed material, obtained as a result of the mechanical reclamation of spent sands of the same type, is used as a grain matrix of the moulding sand, the amount of a binder left from the previous technological cycle is essential for the sound castings production. On the bases of investigations of the thermal analysis, ignition losses, dusts contents and pH values of the samples taken from the spent sand the conditions under which the process of gases displacing in the casting mould was realised as well as factors limiting the efficient mould degassing - were considered in this study. The possible reason of a periodical occurrence of an increased number of casting defects due to changing gas volume emission, being the reason of the realised technological process, was indicated.
Effect of Different Variants of Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of the AlSi17CuNiMg Alloy
Authors: Jarco A. , Pezda J. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Dispersion hardening, as the main heat treatment of silumins having additions of copper and magnesium, results in considerable increase of tensile strength and hardness, with simultaneous decrease of ductility of the alloy. In the paper is presented an attempt of introduction of heat treatment operation consisting in homogenizing treatment prior operation of the dispersion hardening, to minimize negative effects of the T6 heat treatment on plastic properties of hypereutectoidal AlSi17CuNiMg alloy. Tests of the mechanical properties were performed on a test pieces poured in standardized metal moulds. Parameters of different variants of the heat treatment, i.e. temperature and time of soaking for individual operations were selected basing on the ATD (Thermal Derivation Analysis) diagram and analysis of literature. The homogenizing treatment significantly improves ductility of the alloy, resulting in a threefold increase of the elongation and more than fourfold increase of the impact strength in comparison with initial state of the alloy. Moreover, the hardness and the tensile strength (Rm) of the alloy decrease considerably. On the other hand, combination of the homogenizing and dispersion hardening enables increase of elongation with about 40%, and increase of the impact strength with about 25%, comparing with these values after the T6 treatment, maintaining high hardness and slight increase of the tensile strength, comparing with the alloy after the dispersion hardening.
Pressing Speed, Specific Pressure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Cast
Authors: Gaspar S. , Pasko J. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Recent research in the process of aluminum alloy die castings production, which is nowadays deeply implemented into the rapidly growing automobile, shipping and aircraft industries, is aimed at increasing the useful qualitative properties of the die casting in order to obtain its high mechanical properties at acceptable economic cost. Problem of technological factors of high pressure die casting has been a subject of worldwide research (EU, US, Japan, etc.). The final performance properties of die castings are subjected to a large number of technological factors. The main technological factors of high pressure die casting are as follows: plunger pressing speed, specific (increase) pressure, mold temperature as well as alloy temperature. The contribution discusses the impact of the plunger pressing speed and specific (increase) pressure on the mechanical properties of the casting aluminum alloy.