bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The castor oil based water borne polyurethane dispersion; effect of -NCO/OH content: synthesis, characterization and properties
Authors: Panda Siva Sankar , Panda Bishnu Prasad , Mohanty Smita , Nayak Sanjay K. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this work, a novel bio-renewable castor oil (CO) based aqueous polyurethane (PU) anionic prepolymer dispersion was prepared successfully using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) as internal emulsifier maintaining NCO/OH molar ratios of 1:3 and 1:5, respectively. The intermolecular H-bonding change, type and intensity of the obtained films with change in molar ratio were investigated by analyzing with Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR). The morphology of the films was recorded with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmittance electron microscopy (TEM). The coating properties for the film were also studied and discussed. The structure-property relationship with different molar ratios of prepolymer revealed an increasing pattern showing increase in the hard segment content increases the physico-mechanical properties of the CO based PU prepolymer. The FT-IR deconvolution results are in agreement with the film properties. The excellent abrasion resistance properties of CO based films agree well with the surface morphology and FT-IR results. The outcome of the study also suggests use of CO as a better alternative to replace petroleum based polyol for feature perspective.
Bio-Oil Heavy Fraction as a Feedstock for Hydrogen Generation via Chemical Looping Process: Reactor Design and Hydrodynamic Analysis
Authors: Zeng Dewang , Xiao Rui , Zhang Shuai , Zeng Jimin , Huang Zhicheng 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Chemical looping of bio-oil is a promising route to convert this low-quality fuel to pure hydrogen with inherent gas separation and low energy penalty. By taking account of the compatibility of the oil gasification and chemical looping reactions, we design and built a novel dual fluidized bed in this work. Currently, the hydrodynamic analysis was conducted to gain some running experience and explore the optimal operating parameters. The effect of the gas velocities, particle sizes and total bed inventories on the solid flux and gas leakage were investigated. The results showed that the gas velocities of both two reactors played a positive effect on the solid flux and varying the fuel reactor gas velocity can be used as an efficient way to adjust the system solid flux. Based on a gas tracing method, the gas leakage test was performed and the results indicated that hydrogen purity could be enhanced by decreasing FR, loop seal gas flow rates and adding more bed material.
Sicily before the Muslims. The Transformation of the Roman Villas between Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages, Fourth to Eighth Centuries CE
Authors: Castrorao Barba Angelo 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis article treats the issue of transformation in the Sicilian countryside between Late Antiquity and the Byzantine period by analyzing the fate of the Roman villas. A brief synthesis of the European debate over the end of the Roman villas helps to find new interpretative keys for the Sicilian contexts within the changes of the settlement dynamics among the last centuries of the Roman Empire and the Muslim conquest of the island. Descriptions of the primary characteristics of the Late Antique villas in Sicily can be divided into two main phases: between the third and the fifth centuries, the villas were ‘monumentalized’ as a sign of the wealth of the owners and the reorganization of the Late Roman agrarian system; from the fourth/fifth to the eighth century, some villas were reoccupied and reused in different ways (burials, new settlements, productive activities, places of worship). The study also performs some statistical analysis about chronological trends to track long-term transformations of the villas. The article concludes with some reflections and questions for future research on the complexity of rural Sicilian society during Late Antiquity and the Byzantine period.
Crystal structure of 5-hydroxy-4,6,9,10-tetramethyl-1-oxo-6-vinyldecahydro-3a,9-propanocyclopenta[8]annulen-8-yl 2-((2-methyl-1-(3-methylbenzamido)propan-2-yl)thio)acetate, C34H49NO5S
Authors: Wang Guirong , Zhao Fengwu 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
C34H49NO5S, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 14.4605(4) Å, b = 9.9703(4) Å, c = 22.7599(7) Å, β = 94.799(3) Å; V = 3269.90 Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0638, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1482, T = 293 K.
Pharmacological Rescue of Long-Term Potentiation in Alzheimer Diseased Synapses
Authors: Prieto G. Aleph , Trieu Brian H. , Dang Cindy T. , Bilousova Tina , Gylys Karen H. , Berchtold Nicole C. , Lynch Gary , Cotman Carl W. 
Published: December 2016

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is an activity-dependent and persistent increase in synaptic transmission. Currently available techniques to measure LTP are time-intensive and require highly specialized expertise and equipment, and thus are not well suited for screening of multiple candidate treatments, even in animal models. To expand and facilitate the analysis of LTP, here we use a flow cytometry-based method to track chemically induced LTP by detecting surface AMPA receptors in isolated synaptosomes: fluorescence analysis of single-synapse long-term potentiation (FASS-LTP). First, we demonstrate that FASS-LTP is simple, sensitive, and models electrically induced LTP recorded in intact circuitries. Second, we conducted FASS-LTP analysis in two well-characterized Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse models (3xTg and Tg2576) and, importantly, in cryopreserved human AD brain samples. By profiling hundreds of synaptosomes, our data provide the first direct evidence to support the idea that synapses from AD brain are intrinsically defective in LTP. Third, we used FASS-LTP for drug evaluation in human synaptosomes. Testing a panel of modulators of cAMP and cGMP signaling pathways, FASS-LTP identified vardenafil and Bay-73–6691 (phosphodiesterase-5 and -9 inhibitors, respectively) as potent enhancers of LTP in synaptosomes from AD cases. These results indicate that our approach could provide the basis for protocols to study LTP in both healthy and diseased human brains, a previously unattainable goal.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTLearning and memory depend on the ability of synapses to strengthen in response to activity. Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a rapid and persistent increase in synaptic transmission that is thought to be affected in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, direct evidence of LTP deficits in human AD brain has been elusive, primarily due to methodological limitations. Here, we analyze LTP in isolated synapses from AD brain using a novel approach that allows testing LTP in cryopreserved brain. Our analysis of hundreds of synapses supports the idea that AD-diseased synapses are intrinsically defective in LTP. Further, we identified pharmacological agents that rescue LTP in AD, thus opening up a new avenue for drug screening and evaluation of strategies for alleviating memory impairments.
THE PREVALENCE OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA STRAINS IN INFANTS WITH CYSTIC FIBROSIS WITHIN A HOSPITAL IN NORTH EASTER OF ROMANIA
Authors: Ciocan Oana Alexandra , Ciftci Alper , Carp-Carare Mihai , Mares Mihai , Guguianu Eleonora , Crivei Ioana , Panzaru Carmen Valentina , Carp-Carare Catalin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by mutation of the CFTR gene. In Romania, CF disease has an estimated a prevalence of 1 case per 2500 live births. Approximately 50% of children die in early life, so the exact number of CF patients in our country remains unknown as no national patient registry exists. This situation has limited our knowledge about the disease progression. Complicated with P. aeruginosa is giving long progressive diseases and often aggravates morbidity and mortality.The aim of the study was to phenotypically frame the P. aeruginosa strains, according to their antibiotic susceptibility profile in order to administer more precisely the antibiotics and to avoid development of multidrug-resistant strains.After the diagnosis of CF, the patients return to a medical control at every 3 months. The sputum samples are collected from these patients, in order to perform the bacteriological examination and the DST test. This study was performed during 1 year (01.01-31.12.2015), and all the sputum samples were cultivated on usual and on special culture media to establish more precisely the type of isolated bacteria. The confirmation was performed using the API 20 NE biochemical test and classified in resistance phenotypes according to CLSI 2015 standards.The study population was represented by 85 infants with CF, from which we isolated 364 bacterial strains. 10.16% of the total of bacterial strains were represented by P. aeruginosa. A major problem represents the repeated antibiotic treatments, this being favourable for the emergence of resistant strains. Antibiotic resistance is currently one of the most important problems faced by clinicians. (7) Multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of P. aeruginosa were identified in this study and we highlighted that this strains limits the antimicrobial treatment and is shortening the patient's life. (9)
Extending Recognition of Indigenous Burial Practices in Selomo v Doman 2014 JDR 0780 (LCC)
Authors: Parker Judy , Zaal Frederick Noel 
Published: December 2016

Burying deceased family members in familial gravesites close to the homestead of the living has been a well-established practice in Southern Africa for many centuries. In terms of indigenous cultural and religious norms proximate burials are essential for enabling ancestors to commune amongst themselves and with their living descendants. In the colonial and apartheid eras many African communities lost ownership of their land. One of the consequences was that they needed permission from white landowners to continue with burials in established gravesites. In the democratic era the legislature sought to reintroduce a burial right for rural black land occupiers. Section 6(2)(dA) of the Extension of Security of Tenure Act 62 of 1997 allowed occupiers to assert a right of familial burial as against landowners, provided certain conditions were met. In Selomo v Doman 2014 JDR 0780 (LCC) Spilg J permitted a burial despite the fact that the applicant and deceased had not been resident near their family gravesite for many years. In our analysis of the judgment we suggest that the court’s attempts to find justification in the Extension of Security of Tenure Act 62 of 1997 and the Land Reform (Labour Tenants) Act 3 of 1996 were misconstrued. With proximate familial burials being essentially a matter of respect for dignity and indigenous culture, the court should have engaged in a deeper analysis of constitutional rights.
International Approaches To Renewable Energy Education – A Faculty Professional Development Case Study With Recommended Practices For STEM Educators
Authors: Walz Kenneth A. , Slowinski Mary , Alfano Kathleen 
Published: December 2016

Calls for increased international competency in U.S. college graduates and the global nature of the renewable energy industry require an exploration of how to incorporate a global perspective in STEM curricula, and how to best develop faculty providing them with global knowledge and skills necessary to update and improve existing teaching practices. To expand awareness of the global renewable energy sector, a cohort of renewable energy educators from across the United States participated in two international learning exchanges to Australia/New Zealand and Germany/Denmark. The exchanges provided opportunities for the participants to meet with technical educators, visit teaching labs, review industry partnerships, talk with policy makers and government representatives, and to share knowledge and best teaching practices. Three years after the initial international exchange, participant data was collected to measure the extended impact of the experience and the perceived value of various learning activities. The results show that the exchanges expanded participant’s knowledge of renewable energy technologies and issues both in the U.S. and abroad, and also influenced teaching curriculum and instruction, and academic community engagement. This study serves as a model program for providing STEM faculty with rich international experience. The findings in this manuscript highlight the key components to building a successful international professional development program, and illustrate the type of impacts that can result from these activities. The lessons learned are meaningful to other institutions or organizations planning similar international activities in a variety of disciplines.
La representación de la métrica en la música tonal. El espectro métrico
Authors: Erut Alejandro , Wiman Federico 
Published: December 2016

En las últimas décadas, la teoría de la música y la psicología de la música han mostrado un creciente interés en desentrañar los matices de la estructura métrica de la música. Uno de los principales resultados de este proceso fue la identificacióny articulación de los elementos que subyacen a la inferencia de las construcciones métricas. Sin embargo, la manera en que la teoría y la psicología musical han caracterizado la dimensión métrica de la música se basa en suposiciones que conllevan a una representación determinista. En esta breve revisión, además de debatir sobre las limitaciones de esta caracterización, también podremos pro-poner una alternativa teórica: el Espectro Métrico como una representación dinámica de la dimensión métrica de la música que tiene lugar en una cognición situada semiológicamente.
A utilização das Demonstrações Contábeis pelas Pequenas e Médias empresas
Authors: Belmonte Thaís Gomes , Santos Fernando de Almeida 
Published: December 2016

A NBC TG 1000 insere as pequenas e médias empresas no processo de harmonização das normas contábeis internacionais, assim, a norma traz a exigibilidade da apresentação anual de um conjunto completo de demonstrações por parte dessas empresas. Nota-se a complexidade das exigências considerando que as demonstrações financeiras são, em sua grande maioria, elaboradas apenas para o atendimento das exigências da fiscalização. O objetivo do trabalho consiste em identificar as demonstrações financeiras utilizadas pelos pequenos e médios empresários na gestão de seus negócios e verificar a contribuição da NBC TG 1000 para a superação dos novos desafios propostos às empresas de pequeno e médio porte. Este trabalho é uma pesquisa exploratória dedutiva. Para realização, além da pesquisa bibliográfica foram elaborados dois questionários: um aplicado a pequenos e médios empresários e outro a contadores que atendam à empresas desse porte, para identificar quais demonstrações financeiras são utilizadas no cotidiano do pequeno e médio empresário. Nas considerações finais, conforme a pesquisa bibliográfica e o estudo de caso, foi realizada uma análise comparativa entre as demonstrações exigidas pela nova NBC TG 1000 e, as demonstrações utilizadas pelos pequenos e médios empresários no processo de gestão, a fim de identificar a suficiência de informações obtidas das demonstrações financeiras hoje utilizadas e as agregadas pelas demonstrações exigidas pela norma.
Failure to initiate breastfeeding among high risk obstetrical patients who intended to breastfeed
Authors: Cordero L. , Oza-Frank R. , Moore-Clingenpeel M. , Landon M.B. , Nankervis C.A. 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND: In the US, at the time of discharge from the hospital, 79% of women had initiated breastfeeding. Intention to breastfeed is a strong predictor of breastfeeding initiation; however, we reported initiation failure in 45% of women with pregestational diabetes who intended to breastfeed. Information regarding intention and initiation among women with other high risk obstetrical conditions (HROB) remains scarce. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain demographic and clinical factors associated with breastfeeding initiation failure among women with HROB conditions who intended to breastfeed. METHODS: The study population is comprised of 89 women with diabetes (DM), 57 who were receiving treatment for substance abuse (SA), 51 women diagnosed with miscellaneous (MISC) conditions and 32 with history of preterm labor/delivery (PTL/D). Intention to exclusively breastfeed or in combination with formula (breastfed/FF) was ascertained prenatally. Breastfeeding was considered initiated if at discharge ≥50% of their infant feedings were maternal milk. Statistics include chi-square, Wilcoxon’s and logistic regression ( p < 0.05). RESULTS: Of all women, 59% initiated any breastfeeding. Intention to breastfeed/FF, lack of mother-infant contact during the first hour following birth and limited lactation consultation were predictive of initiation failure. The odds of initiation failure were 2.3 times higher among women who wished to breastfeed/FF as compared to those who wished to exclusively breastfeed. Women from the SA group had lower rates of initiation failure than the other three HROB groups. CONCLUSION: Intention to breastfeed among women with diverse HROB conditions is similar to that of the general population; however, initiation rates are disappointingly low. Intention to exclusively breastfeed results in fewer initiation failures. Prenatal intention to combine breast and formula feeding characterize women who may benefit from specific educational programs.
EPIC 201702477b: A TRANSITING BROWN DWARF FROM K2 IN A 41 DAY ORBIT
Authors: Bayliss D. , Hojjatpanah S. , Santerne A. , Dragomir D. , Zhou G. , Shporer A. , Colón K. D. , Almenara J. , Armstrong D. J. , Barrado D. , Barros S. C. C. , Bento J. , Boisse I. , Bouchy F. , Brown D. J. A. , Brown T. , Cameron A. , Cochran W. D. , Demangeon O. , Deleuil M. , Díaz R. F. , Fulton B. , Horne K. , Hébrard G. , Lillo-Box J. , Lovis C. , Mawet D. , Ngo H. , Osborn H. , Palle E. , Petigura E. , Pollacco D. , Santos N. , Sefako R. , Siverd R. , Sousa S. G. , Tsantaki M. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery of EPIC 201702477b, a transiting brown dwarf in a long period (40.73691 ± 0.00037 day) and eccentric (e = 0.2281 ± 0.0026) orbit. This system was initially reported as a planetary candidate based on two transit events seen in K2 Campaign 1 photometry and later validated as an exoplanet candidate. We confirm the transit and refine the ephemeris with two subsequent ground-based detections of the transit using the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope 1 m telescope network. We rule out any transit timing variations above the level of ∼30 s. Using high precision radial velocity measurements from HARPS and SOPHIE we identify the transiting companion as a brown dwarf with a mass, radius, and bulk density of 66.9 ± 1.7 M
J, 0.757 ± 0.065 R
J, and 191 ± 51 g cm−3 respectively. EPIC 201702477b is the smallest radius brown dwarf yet discovered, with a mass just below the H-burning limit. It has the highest density of any planet, substellar mass object, or main-sequence star discovered so far. We find evidence in the set of known transiting brown dwarfs for two populations of objects—high mass brown dwarfs and low mass brown dwarfs. The higher-mass population have radii in very close agreement to theoretical models, and show a lower-mass limit around 60 M
J. This may be the signature of mass-dependent ejection of systems during the formation process.
MAGNETIC FLUX DENSITY FROM THE RELATIVE CIRCULAR MOTION OF STARS AND PARTIALLY IONIZED GAS IN THE GALAXY MID-PLANE VICINITY
Authors: Jałocha Joanna , Bratek Łukasz , Pȩkala Jan , Sikora Szymon , Kutschera Marek 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Observations suggest a slower stellar rotation relative to gas rotation in the outer part of the Milky Way Galaxy. This difference could be attributed to an interaction with the interstellar magnetic field. In a simple model, fields of order

are then required, consistently with the observed values. This coincidence suggests a tool for estimating magnetic fields in spiral galaxies. A north–south asymmetry in the rotation of gas in the Galaxy could be of magnetic origin too.
HOT PLASMA FROM SOLAR ACTIVE-REGION CORES: CONSTRAINTS FROM THE HINODE X-RAY TELESCOPE
Authors: Schmelz J. T. , Christian G. M. , Matheny P. O. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Mechanisms invoked to heat the solar corona to millions of degrees kelvin involve either magnetic waves or magnetic reconnections. Turbulence in the convection zone produces MHD waves, which travel upward and dissipate. Photospheric motions continuously build up magnetic energy, which is released through magnetic reconnection. In this paper, we concentrate on hot non-flaring plasma with temperatures of 5 MK < T < 10 MK because it is one of the few observables for which wave and reconnection models make different predictions. Wave models predict no (or little) hot plasma, whereas reconnection models predict it, although in amounts that are challenging to detect with current instrumentation. We used data from the X-ray Telescope (XRT) and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA). We requested a special XRT observing sequence, which cycled through the thickest XRT filter several times per hour so we could average these images and improve the signal-to-noise. We did differential emission measure (DEM) analysis using the time-averaged thick-filter data as well as all available channels from both the XRT and AIA for regions observed on 2014 December 11. Whereas our earlier work was only able to determine that plasma with a temperature greater than 5 MK was present, we are now able to find a well-constrained DEM distribution. We have therefore added a strong observational constraint that must be explained by any viable coronal heating model. Comparing state-of-the-art wave and reconnection model predictions, we can conclude that reconnection is heating the hot plasma in these active regions.
HERSCHEL OBSERVATIONS AND UPDATED SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS OF FIVE SUNLIKE STARS WITH DEBRIS DISKS
Authors: Dodson-Robinson Sarah E. , Su Kate Y. L. , Bryden Geoff , Harvey Paul , Green Joel D. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Observations from the Herschel Space Observatory have more than doubled the number of wide debris disks orbiting Sunlike stars to include over 30 systems with R > 100 AU. Here, we present new Herschel PACS and reanalyzed Spitzer MIPS photometry of five Sunlike stars with wide debris disks, from Kuiper Belt size to R > 150 AU. The disk surrounding HD 105211 is well resolved, with an angular extent of >14″ along the major axis, and the disks of HD 33636, HD 50554, and HD 52265 are extended beyond the PACS point-spread function size (50% of energy enclosed within radius 4.″23). HD 105211 also has a 24 μm infrared excess, which was previously overlooked, because of a poorly constrained photospheric model. Archival Spitzer IRS observations indicate that the disks have small grains of minimum radius a
min ∼ 3 μm, although a
min is larger than the radiation-pressure blowout size in all systems. If modeled as single-temperature blackbodies, the disk temperatures would all be <60 K. Our radiative transfer models predict actual disk radii approximately twice the radius of a model blackbody disk. We find that the Herschel photometry traces dust near the source population of planetesimals. The disk luminosities are in the range 2 × 10−5 ⩽ L/L
⊙ ⩽ 2 × 10−4, consistent with collisions in icy planetesimal belts stirred by Pluto-size dwarf planets.