bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the Nanoscale Dielectric Gap and Its Influence on Ferroelectric Polarization Switching in Scanning Probe Microscopy
Authors: Eom Seongmun , Kavle Pravin , Kang Deokyoung , Kim Yeongyu , Martin Lane W. , Hong Seungbum 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe dielectric gap between the scanning probe microscopy (SPM) tip and the surface of a ferroelectric using conductive atomic force microscopy and piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) is investigated. While the gap functions as a dielectric layer, it also allows tunneling current to inject charges into the ferroelectric when a critical loading force between 10–20 µN is applied to a tip with a radius of 25 nm under a bias voltage of 0.5 V. It is observed that the permittivity of the dielectric gap determines the coercive voltage measured by the piezoresponse hysteresis loop. While such studies done in air often produce coercive voltages much larger than those studied for the same materials in capacitor‐based studies, the use of high permittivity media such as water (ɛr = 79) or silicone oil (ɛr = 2.1‐2.8) produces coercive fields that more closely match those measured in conventional capacitor‐based polarization hysteresis loop measurements. Furthermore, using water as a dielectric medium in PFM imaging enhances the accuracy in extracting the amplitude and phase data from periodically poled lithium niobate crystals. These findings provide insight into the nanoscale phenomena of polarization switching instigated by the SPM tip and provide a pathway to improved quantitative studies.
Ingestible Sensor Based on Fluorescent Gold Nanoparticles and Molecularly Imprinted Polymers on Thread for Localized Quantification of Escherichia Coli in the Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Khachornsakkul Kawin , Del‐Rio‐Ruiz Ruben , Zeng Wenxin , Martins dos Santos Danilo , da Silva Debora Regina Romualdo , Widmer Giovanni , Sonkusale Sameer 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe small intestinal (SI) microbiota plays an important role in human health and disease. Current methods based on fecal analysis do not provide an accurate representation of the SI microbiome. This article introduces an ingestible sensor for the quantification of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in the SI by developing the fluorescent thread‐based ingestible pill analytical device (TPAD) using fluorescent gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) coupled with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). Quantitative detection lies in the change in fluorescence signal on thread as proportional to target bacteria concentrations using a smartphone. Utilizing a pH‐sensitive enteric coating, this device facilitates localized sampling of the SI microbiome. Hydrophilic beads are employed to autonomously seal the device after sampling, offering a self‐locking mechanism. The sensor demonstrates a linear range for E. coli detection between 2.0 × 103 and 14.0 × 103 CFU mL−1 with an R2 of 0.9975 and a detection limit (LOD) of 400.0 × 102 CFU mL−1. The sensor also shows remarkable precision and acceptable accuracy for monitoring E. coli levels in in vivo animal studies compared to commercially available test kits. The developed TPAD, therefore, offers a novel, low‐cost, and non‐invasive method for rapidly diagnosing gastrointestinal (GI)‐related medical conditions and studying host–microbiome interactions.
Fluorine Doping Modulating Pore Structure and Adsorption Capability of Carbon Matrix Boosting Potassium Storage Performance of Red Phosphorus Anode
Authors: Wang Dongjiao , Zhang Limou , Fu Yujun , Sun Zhefei , Wang Ting , Shi Yujie , Yang Gang , Ma Runze , Liu Zijiang , Wu Liang , Zhang Qiaobao , Wu Ying , He Deyan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe application of alloying‐typed red phosphorus (red P) anode in potassium‐ion batteries (KIBs) with ultra‐high theoretical capacity is hindered by the limited capacity and fast capacity decay due to poor electronic conductivity and huge volume change. Herein, a facile and efficient strategy of fluorine (F) doping is innovatively developed to modulate the pore structure of carbon matrix (F‐CNS) to encapsulate red P with enhanced potassium storage capability. Theoretical calculations reveal that F doping induces additional defects within the carbon layer, which facilitates P4 molecules embedding into the F‐doping‐induced micropores, enhances the adsorption ability toward K atoms and P4 molecules, and improves electrochemical kinetics assisted with more charge transfer obtained from the electron density difference, thus enabling robust potassium storage capability for such unique Red P@F‐CNS anode. Accordingly, the Red P@F‐CNS anode demonstrates outstanding cycling stability (90% capacity retention after 800 cycles at 2A g−1), and the potassium‐ion full cell (Red P@F‐CNS//KFeHCF) exhibits exceptional long‐term cycling performance (129 mAh g−1 after 2500 cycles at 5 A g−1 with only 0.014% decay per cycle). In situ characterizations confirm the superior structural integrity of the carbon‐based matrix. This study offers a rational design principle for engineering high‐performance carbon‐supported alloying‐typed anodes for KIBs.
Microstructural Tuning of High‐Performance Bacterial Cellulose Anion Exchange Membranes via Constrained In Situ Polymerization and Double Chemical Cross‐Linking
Authors: Wang Chuanzheng , Zhou Zhengyuan , Zhou Tianchi , Luo Xi , Gao Aiqin , Zhou Yongnan , Yang Xiaohui , Li Ziyin , Yang Qun , Qiao Jinli 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHigh electrochemical and durability anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are a vital material for Flexible zinc‐air batteries (F‐ZAB) and AEM water electrolysis (AEMWE) to achieve green economy and environmental protection. However, the existing AEMs possess the disadvantages of a complicated preparation process, poor homogeneity, and unsatisfactory electrochemical performance. Here, a novel alkaline exchange membrane is synthesized using bacterial cellulose (BC) as the matrix, incorporating constrained in situ Poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) polymerization and double chemical cross‐linking techniques. By adjusting the microstructure, a unique long‐range order and dense internal structure to address the issue of loose bonding between PDDA and BC is established and achieve the purpose of rapid OH− conduction. The membranes exhibit excellent application properties, with excellent ionic conductivity (145.12 mS cm−1) and superb mechanical strength (73.26 MPa). Consequently, the membrane is assembled into the F‐ZAB, and the unprecedented power density of 258.7 mW cm−2 can be achieved at room temperature. Moreover, the membrane also can reach 3.0 A cm−2 at 2.3 V, indicating good prospects in the field of water electrolysis in 6 m KOH. The approach paves a new path for manufacturing AEMs for green energy and environmental applications.
Hydrogel‐Based Functional Materials for Thermoelectric Applications: Progress and Perspectives
Authors: Zhang Chenyang , Shi Xiao‐Lei , Liu Qingyi , Chen Zhi‐Gang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHydrogels are renowned for their complex structures and unique physicochemical properties, establishing them as key materials in bioenergy harvesting applications. They are used in various applications, including triboelectric nanogenerators, piezoelectric, hydraulic, thermoelectric, and biofuel cells. Among these, hydrogels as key materials for thermoelectric applications represent a technology capable of continuously converting biological energy (thermal energy) into electrical energy. This technology shows great potential and commercial value in body monitoring, energy storage, and human‐machine interaction applications. Given its rapid development, a timely review focusing on the research progress of hydrogels and their composites in thermoelectric technology is presented. This review discusses various types of hydrogels used for thermoelectric power generation and refrigeration, their unique properties, strategies for enhancing their thermoelectric performance, and their applications in the field. Finally, the remaining challenges and feasible strategies are identified for improving the efficiency, stability, application range, and system‐level integration of next‐generation hydrogels for thermoelectric applications.
Advanced Optical‐Thermal Integrated Flexible Tactile Sensor for High‐Fine Recognition of Liquid Property in Non‐Contact Mode
Authors: Xu Jingyi , Peng Lu , Yuan Shen , Li Shengzhao , Zhu Hao , Fu Lei , Zhang Ting , Li Tie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFlexible sensors have been applied to accurately identify the basic features of various solid objects. However, a significant obstacle is the accurate identification of liquids, due to it is impossible to exert force directly on those. Here, an optical‐thermal flexible tactile sensor is designed for liquid recognition, which integrates PEDOT:PSS/SrTiO3 thermoelectric foam and ZnS‐CaZnOS mechanoluminescent (ML) film coated with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), enabling the simultaneous detection of thermal and optical changes with low interference, via its exceptional mechanical stimuli‐caused light and superior thermoelectric voltage, respectively. In addition, the TPU coating imparts the device with excellent hydrophobic and oleophobic properties, enhancing its durability in complex conditions. This flexible sensor, possessing high stability under thermal and mechanical cycles, can distinguish different pure solvents and turbid suspensions, achieving a high‐fine recognition accuracy of 95% and 97.5%, respectively, with the aid of the fusion algorithm of multimodal sensory data based on the thermal and optical outputs. This capability of the device can underscore the practical utility of humanoid robots to identify hazardous liquids in some scenarios like safety inspection and kitchen condiments, which addresses the critical gaps in current sensory technologies by providing a robust, sensitive, and multifunctional strategy for accurate liquid recognition.
Modulating the Coordination Environment of Co Single‐Atom Catalysts: Impact on Lithium‐Sulfur Battery Performance
Authors: Li Yi , Chen Zhaoyang , Zhong Xin‐Yu , Mei Tiehan , Li Zhao , Yue Liang , Yang Jin‐Lin , Fan Hong Jin , Xu Maowen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe coordination environment is crucial to the electrocatalytic activity of single‐atom catalysts (SACs). Although substituting N atoms in traditional transition metal‐nitrogen (TM‐N4) configuration with other non‐metal atoms has been reported, its specific role in sulfur electrochemical reactions has not been sufficiently investigated. Herein, a Co‐P2N2 SACs configuration is fabricated to investigate the mechanistic differences compared to Co‐N4 in sulfur reduction/oxidation. This configuration enhances the electron transfer with Li2S6, where the electrons tend to aggregate between P and Li atoms as two separate parts rather than a single merged zone as observed in symmetric Co‐N4 SACs. This process facilitates polysulfide decomposition and promotes Li2S nucleation/oxidation. Furthermore, the CoPNC interlayer effectively suppresses cell self‐discharge and Li anode corrosion due to polysulfide shuttling. Li‐Li symmetrical cell incorporated with the CoPNC interlayer achieves a prolonged lifespan exceeding 1000 h, and Li‐S full cell delivers a discharge capacity of more than 1500 mAh g−1. This research provides insights into how the geometric configuration of SACs influences the performance of conversion‐type batteries.
Polyoxometalate Initiated In situ Conformal Coating of Multifunctional Hybrid Artificial Layers for High Performance Zinc Metal Anodes
Authors: Byun Jin Suk , Kim Won Il , Baek Sang Ha , Hao Fu , Kim Haewon , Chung Yongchul G. , Li Ling‐Xuan , Zhang Rui , Park Ho Seok 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc (Zn) metal batteries are very attractive owing to the high theoretical capacity (820 mAh g−1), meritable electrode potential (−0.76 V vs SHE), low cost, and environmental friendliness of Zn metal anodes. However, the dendrite formation, corrosion, and water decomposition on Zn metal anodes should be resolved for their practical applications. Herein, conformally coated multifunctional organic/inorganic hybrid artificial layers are demonstrated for the reversible and stable Zn deposition. These hybrid layers are synthesized through polyoxometalate (POM) initiated polymerization into poly(1,3‐dioxolane) (Poly(DOL)) and directly coated onto the Zn surface. Moreover, POM acted as chemical bridge connecting Poly(DOL) with Zn metal anode to construct mechanically robust layers with a thickness of ≈40 nm. The fast and selective Zn2+ ion transport of multifunctional POM/Poly(DOL) hybrid layer (POMDOL) and their preferential growth into (002) crystalline plane are attributed to the reversible Zn deposition. Accordingly, POMDOL coated Zn (PDOLZn) anodes achieves an extended cycling period up to 2,876 hours with a cumulative capacity of 29 Ah g−1 at 20 mA cm−2 and 1 mAh cm−2. Moreover, depth of discharge (DOD) of 40% is achieved. Consequently, the PDOLZn || β‐MnO2 full cells delivered the high specific capacity of 245 mAh g−1 and long‐term stability over 1 000 cycles.
Collagen‐Mediated Solvent Sheathing and Derived Interfacial Manipulation Toward Ultrahigh‐Rate Zn Anodes
Authors: Gao Jinyu , Qiu Bin , Huang Jie , Wen Jiaming , Yang Ming , Zhang Peixin , He Chuanxin , Mi Hongwei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe zinc (Zn) anode in zinc‐ion batteries suffers from potential defects such as wild dendrite growth, severe Zn corrosion, and violent hydrogen evolution reaction, inducing erratic interfacial charge transfer kinetics, which eventually leads to electrochemical failure. Here, collagen, a biomacromolecule, is added to achieve the reconstruction of the electrolyte hydrogen‐bonding network and the modification of the derived Zn interface. Benefiting from the electronegativity advantage of amino groups (‐NH2) in collagen, the Zn (002) crystal plane is preferentially exposed and the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) rich in ZnF2 and Zn3N2 promotes the rapid charge transfer of Zn anode. Thence, an impressive cumulative capacity of 7,500 mAh cm−2 at 30 mA cm−2 is achieved and the assembled Zn|VO2 cell exhibited robust cycle reversibility even when subject to a maximum current of 100 A g−1 and an ultra‐long cycle life of 20,000 cycles at 50 A g−1, with a single‐cycle capacity loss as low as 0.0021%. Such a convenient strategy of solvent sheathing regulation and derived interfacial manipulation opening up a promising universal approach toward long‐life and high‐rate Zn anodes.
Decellularized Biohybrid Nerve Promotes Motor Axon Projections
Authors: Mehta Abijeet Singh , Zhang Sophia L. , Xie Xinran , Khanna Shreyaa , Tropp Joshua , Ji Xudong , Daso Rachel E. , Franz Colin K. , Jordan Sumannas W. , Rivnay Jonathan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDeveloping nerve grafts with intact mesostructures, superior conductivity, minimal immunogenicity, and improved tissue integration is essential for the treatment and restoration of neurological dysfunctions. A key factor is promoting directed axon growth into the grafts. To achieve this, biohybrid nerves are developed using decellularized rat sciatic nerve modified by in situ polymerization of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). Nine biohybrid nerves are compared with varying polymerization conditions and cycles, selecting the best candidate through material characterization. These results show that a 1:1 ratio of FeCl3 oxidant to ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomer, cycled twice, provides superior conductivity (>0.2 mS cm−1), mechanical alignment, intact mesostructures, and high compatibility with cells and blood. To test the biohybrid nerve's effectiveness in promoting motor axon growth, human Spinal Cord Spheroids (hSCSs) derived from HUES 3 Hb9:GFP cells are used, with motor axons labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP). Seeding hSCS onto one end of the conduit allows motor axon outgrowth into the biohybrid nerve. The construct effectively promotes directed motor axon growth, which improves significantly after seeding the grafts with Schwann cells. This study presents a promising approach for reconstructing axonal tracts in humans.
An Ultrasensitive Molecularly Imprinted Point‐Of‐Care Electrochemical Sensor for Detection of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
Authors: Li Yixuan , Luo Liuxiong , Senicar Lenart , Asrosa Rica , Kizilates Burcu , Xing Kaizhong , Torres Elias , Xu Lizhou , Li Danyang , Graham Neil , Heslegrave Amanda , Zetterberg Henrik , Sharp David J. , Li Bing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAccurate assessment of neurological disease through monitoring of biomarkers has been made possible using the antibody‐based assays. But these assays suffer from expensive development of antibody probes, reliance on complicated equipments, and high maintenance costs. Here, using the novel reduced graphene oxide/polydopamine‐molecularly imprinted polymer (rGO/PDA‐MIP) as the probe layer, a robust electrochemical sensing platform is demonstrated for the ultrasensitive detection of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a biomarker for a range of neurological diseases. A miniaturized integrated circuit readout system is developed to interface with the electrochemical sensor, which empowers it with the potential to be used as a point‐of‐care (POC) diagnostic tool in primary clinical settings. This innovative platform demonstrated good sensitivity, selectivity, and stability, with imprinting factor evaluated as 2.8. A record low limit‐of‐detection (LoD) is down to 754.5 ag mL−1, with a wide dynamic range from 1 to 106 fg mL−1. The sensing platform is validated through the analysis of GFAP in clinical plasma samples, yielding a recovery rate range of 81.6–108.8% compared to Single Molecule Array (Simoa). This cost‐effective and user‐friendly sensing platform holds the potential to be deployed in primary and resource‐limited clinical settings for the assessment of neurological diseases.
Silicon Clathrate‐Supported Catalysts with Low Work Functions for Ammonia Synthesis
Authors: Al Maksoud Walid , Bacha Raza Ullah Shah , Pixius Jan‐Malte , Viswanathan M. , Vaishnav Yuvraj , Rai Rohit K. , Hedhili Mohamed N. , Wang Qingxiao , Kobayashi Yoji 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDiamond‐type silicon has a work function of ≈4.8 eV, and conventional n‐ or p‐type doping modifies the value only between 4.6 and 5.05 eV. Here, it is shown that the alkali clathrates AxSi46 have substantially lower work functions approaching 2.6 eV, with clear trends between alkali electropositivity and clathrate cage size. The low work function enables alkali clathrates such as K8Si46 to be effective Haber‐Bosch catalyst supports for NH3 synthesis. The catalytic properties of Si, Ge, and Sn‐based clathrates are investigated while supporting Fe and Ru on the surface. The activity largely scales with the work function, and low activation energies below 60 kJ mol−1 are observed due to strong electron donation effects from the support. Ru metal and Sn clathrates seem to be unsuitable for stability issues. Compared to other similar hydride/electride catalysts, the simple structure and composition combined with stability in air/water make a systematic study of these clathrates possible and open the door to other electron‐rich Zintl phases and related intermetallics as low‐work function materials suitable for catalysis. The observed low work function may also have implications for other existing electronic applications.
Reviving Sodium Tunnel Oxide Cathodes Based on Structural Modulation and Sodium Compensation Strategy Toward Practical Sodium‐Ion Cylindrical Battery
Authors: Liu Hanxiao , Kong Lingyi , Wang Hongrui , Li Jiayang , Wang Jingqiang , Zhu Yanfang , Li Hongwei , Jian Zhuangchun , Jia Xinbei , Su Yu , Zhang Shilin , Mao Jianfeng , Chen Shuangqiang , Liu Yang , Chou Shulei , Xiao Yao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs a typical tunnel oxide, Na0.44MnO2 features excellent electrochemical performance and outstanding structural stability, making it a promising cathode for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). However, it suffers from undesirable challenges such as surface residual alkali, multiple voltage plateaus, and low initial charge specific capacity. Herein, an internal and external synergistic modulation strategy is adopted by replacing part of the Mn with Ti to optimize the bulk phase and construct a Ti‐containing epitaxial stabilization layer, resulting in reduced surface residual alkali, excellent Na+ transport kinetics and improved water/air stability. Specifically, the Na0.44Mn0.85Ti0.15O2 using water‐soluble carboxymethyl cellulose as a binder can realize a capacity retention rate of 94.30% after 1,000 cycles at 2C, and excellent stability is further verified in kilogram large‐up applications. In addition, taking advantage of the rich Na content in Prussian blue analog (PBA), PBA‐Na0.44Mn1‐xTixO2 composites are designed to compensate for the insufficient Na in the tunnel oxide and are matched with hard carbon to achieve the preparation of coin full cell and 18650 cylindrical battery with satisfactory electrochemical performance. This work enables the application of tunnel oxides cathode for SIBs in 18650 cylindrical batteries for the first time and promotes the commercialization of SIBs.
Identifying Highly Active and Selective Cobalt X‐Ides for Electrocatalytic Hydrogenation of Quinoline
Authors: Du Han , Wang Tianyi , Li Meng , Yin Zitong , Lv Ransheng , Zhang Muzhe , Wu Xiangrui , Tang Yawen , Li Hao , Fu Gengtao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEarth‐abundant Co X‐ides are emerging as promising catalysts for the electrocatalytic hydrogenation of quinoline (ECHQ), yet challenging due to the limited fundamental understanding of ECHQ mechanism on Co X‐ides. This work identifies the catalytic performance differences of Co X‐ides in ECHQ and provides significant insights into the catalytic mechanism of ECHQ. Among selected Co X‐ides, the Co3O4 presents the best ECHQ performance with a high conversion of 98.2% and 100% selectivity at ambient conditions. The Co3O4 sites present a higher proportion of 2‐coordinated hydrogen‐bonded water at the interface than other Co X‐ides at a low negative potential, which enhances the kinetics of subsequent water dissociation to produce H*. An ideal 1,4/2,3‐H* addition pathway on Co3O4 surface with a spontaneous desorption of 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinoline is demonstrated through operando tracing and theoretical calculations. In comparison, the Co9S8 sites display the lowest ECHQ performance due to the high thermodynamic barrier in the H* formation step, which suppresses subsequent hydrogenation; while the ECHQ on Co(OH)F and CoP sites undergo the 1,2,3,4‐ and 4,3/1,2‐H* addition pathway respectively with the high desorption barriers and thus low conversion of quinoline. Moreover, the Co3O4 presents a wide substrate scope and allows excellent conversion of other quinoline derivatives and N‐heterocyclic substrates.