bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feedback in Medical Education: A Critical Appraisal
Authors: Kornegay Joshua G. , Kraut Aaron , Manthey David , Omron Rodney , Caretta‐Weyer Holly , Kuhn Gloria , Martin Sandra , Yarris Lalena M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe objective was to review and critically appraise the medical education literature pertaining to feedback and highlight influential papers that inform our current understanding of the role of feedback in medical education.MethodsA search of the English language literature in querying Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), PsychINFO, PubMed, and Scopus identified 327 feedback‐related papers using either quantitative (hypothesis‐testing or observational investigations of educational interventions), qualitative methods (exploring important phenomena in emergency medicine [EM] education), or review methods.Two reviewers independently screened each category of publications using previously established exclusion criteria. Six reviewers then independently scored the remaining 54 publications using a qualitative, quantitative, or review paper scoring system. Each scoring system consisted of nine criteria and used parallel scoring metrics that have been previously used in critical appraisals of education research.ResultsFifty‐four feedback papers (25 quantitative studies, 24 qualitative studies, five review papers) met the a priori criteria for inclusion and were reviewed. Eight quantitative studies, nine qualitative studies, and three review papers were ranked highly by the reviewers and are summarized in this article.ConclusionsThis inaugural Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors Academy critical appraisal highlights 20 feedback in medical education papers that describe the current state of the feedback literature. A summary of current factors that influence feedback effectiveness is discussed, along with practical implications for EM educators and the next steps for research.
Duration of puberty in preterm girls
Authors: Hui L. L. , Lam H. S. , Leung G. M. , Schooling C. M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectivesPreterm birth is associated with altered pubertal timing, but the effect on pubertal duration has rarely been assessed. Here, we tested the hypothesis that preterm birth is associated with shorter duration of puberty among girls in Hong Kong where preterm birth has little social patterning.MethodsIn the population‐representative Chinese birth cohort “Children of 1997”, we used multivariable linear regression to assess the association of preterm status (≤36 completed gestational weeks, n = 170; term birth 37–42 gestational weeks, n = 3476) with duration of puberty, adjusted for parent's highest education, mother's place of birth, maternal smoking during pregnancy, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and mother's age of menarche.ResultsThe mean duration from thelarche to menarche was 2.53 years. Preterm girls had a shorter duration from thelarche to menarche by 2.6 months, 95% confidence interval 0.5–4.7 months. Age of menarche did not differ by preterm status but preterm girls had later thelarche. Preterm birth was not associated with a shorter duration from pubarche to menarche.ConclusionsPreterm births may be associated with shorter duration of puberty from thelarche to menarche, possibly through effects of in utero estrogen exposure, the drivers of thelarche, or the drivers of pubertal duration/progression, with potential implications for subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease and hormonal cancers.
Methanol‐Triggered Vapochromism Coupled with Solid‐State Spin Switching in a Nickel(II)‐Quinonoid Complex
Authors: Kar Paramita , Yoshida Masaki , Shigeta Yasuhiro , Usui Akane , Kobayashi Atsushi , Minamidate Takaaki , Matsunaga Noriaki , Kato Masako 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA highly methanol‐selective vapochromic response has been realized in a NiII‐quinonoid complex, [Ni(HLMe)2] (H2LMe=4‐methylamino‐6‐methyliminio‐3‐oxocyclohexa‐1,4‐dien‐1‐olate) which exhibits a reversible structural transformation including a coordination geometrical change between the square‐planar and octahedral structure by the selective uptake of methanol vapor. This was accompanied by a remarkable color change between purple and orange, as well as temperature‐robust spin‐state switching in the solid state under ambient conditions. It is remarkable that the properties are derived by the fine structural modification of the quinonoid ligand such as methyl or ethyl analogues. Such a system has high potential for applications in memory devices as well as chemical sensors and smart responsive materials.
CO2‐to‐Methanol Hydrogenation on Zirconia‐Supported Copper Nanoparticles: Reaction Intermediates and the Role of the Metal–Support Interface
Authors: Larmier Kim , Liao Wei‐Chih , Tada Shohei , Lam Erwin , Verel René , Bansode Atul , Urakawa Atsushi , Comas‐Vives Aleix , Copéret Christophe 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMethanol synthesis by CO2 hydrogenation is a key process in a methanol‐based economy. This reaction is catalyzed by supported copper nanoparticles and displays strong support or promoter effects. Zirconia is known to enhance both the methanol production rate and the selectivity. Nevertheless, the origin of this observation and the reaction mechanisms associated with the conversion of CO2 to methanol still remain unknown. A mechanistic study of the hydrogenation of CO2 on Cu/ZrO2 is presented. Using kinetics, in situ IR and NMR spectroscopies, and isotopic labeling strategies, surface intermediates evolved during CO2 hydrogenation were observed at different pressures. Combined with DFT calculations, it is shown that a formate species is the reaction intermediate and that the zirconia/copper interface is crucial for the conversion of this intermediate to methanol.
Distal‐Bond‐Selective C−C Activation of Ring‐Fused Cyclopentanones: An Efficient Access to Spiroindanones
Authors: Xia Ying , Wang Jianbo , Dong Guangbin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA site‐selective rhodium‐catalyzed C−C activation of ring‐fused cyclopentanones was achieved to afford efficient access to a range of spiroindanones. The use of bulky 2‐amino‐6‐picoline as a cocatalyst is key to the excellent selectivity of this C−C bond cleavage in cyclopentanones.
[4+2] or [4+1] Annulation: Changing the Reaction Pathway of a Rhodium‐Catalyzed Process by Tuning the Cp Ligand
Authors: Hong Seung Youn , Jeong Jisu , Chang Sukbok 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA change in reaction pathway was achieved for the first time by tuning the cyclopentadienyl (Cp) ligand used for the rhodium‐catalyzed cyclization of benzamides with conjugated enynones. Depending on the Cp ligand, the reaction pathway switched between [4+2] and [4+1] annulation. Electronic effects turned out to be crucial for the product distribution. The dichotomy was attributed to the alteration of the Lewis acidity of the resultant Cp‐bound rhodium species.
Triethanolamine–azodiisobutyronitrile mixture as a foaming agent for low‐density unsaturated polyester resin manufacturing at a low temperature
Authors: Ji Gao‐Feng , Wang Xiao‐Jun , Zhang Yi‐Fan , Kong Peng , Li Chao 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA triethanolamine (TEA)–azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) mixture was applied to the manufacturing of a low‐density unsaturated polyester resin (LDUPR) at a low temperature ranging from 53 to 66 °C. Hydrogen‐bonding activation in the TEA–AIBN mixture was put forward, and this agreed with the NMR and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy results. A heat balance in the curing process of a vinyl ester unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) was examined and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, FTIR spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The TEA–AIBN mixture decomposed easily because of the hydrogen‐bonding action between TEA and AIBN. The heat release of the activated AIBN decomposition led to the early endothermic polymerization of the vinyl ester UPR. Hydrogen‐bonding activation followed by the heat‐balance process enabled us to manufacture the LDUPR at low temperature. The optimal parameters of LDUPR manufacturing, including a ratio of TEA to AIBN of 0.4 and a dosage of TEA–AIBN mixture of 2.5 phr at a curing temperature of 60 ± 1 °C, were defined by the testing of the apparent density (ρ) and compressive strength of LDUPR. Under these conditions, ρ was 0.39 ± 0.01 g/cm3, and the specific compressive strength was 33.92 ± 1.31 MPa g−1 cm−3. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44797.
Multidisciplinary perioperative protocol in patients undergoing acute high-risk abdominal surgery
Authors: Tengberg L T , Bay-Nielsen M , Bisgaard T , Cihoric M , Lauritsen M L , Foss N B ,   AHA study group, Orbæk J , Veyhe L , Jørgen Nielsen H , Lindgaard L 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

Background
Acute high-risk abdominal (AHA) surgery carries a very high risk of morbidity and mortality and represents a massive healthcare burden. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a standardized multidisciplinary perioperative protocol in patients undergoing AHA surgery.

Methods
The AHA study was a prospective single-centre controlled study in consecutive patients undergoing AHA surgery, defined as major abdominal pathology requiring emergency laparotomy or laparoscopy including reoperations after elective gastrointestinal surgery. Consecutive patients were included after initiation of the AHA protocol as standard care. The intervention cohort was compared with a predefined, consecutive historical cohort of patients from the same department. The protocol involved continuous staff education, consultant-led attention and care, early resuscitation and high-dose antibiotics, surgery within 6 h, perioperative stroke volume-guided haemodynamic optimization, intermediate level of care for the first 24 h after surgery, standardized analgesic treatment, early postoperative ambulation and early enteral nutrition. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality.

Results
Six hundred patients were included in the study and compared with 600 historical controls. The unadjusted 30-day mortality rate was 21·8 per cent in the control cohort compared with 15·5 per cent in the intervention cohort (P = 0·005). The 180-day mortality rates were 29·5 and 22·2 per cent respectively (P = 0·004).

Conclusion
The introduction of a multidisciplinary perioperative protocol was associated with a significant reduction in postoperative mortality in patients undergoing AHA surgery. NCT01899885 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Interstitial deletion of chromosome 1 (1p21.1p12) in an infant with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, hydrops fetalis, and interrupted aortic arch
Authors: Ibrahim Masitah , Hunter Matthew , Gugasyan Lucy , Chan Yuen , Malhotra Atul , Sehgal Arvind , Tan Kenneth 
Published: January 2017

Key Clinical MessageWe report a case of an infant with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and hydrops fetalis who died from hypoxic respiratory failure. Autopsy revealed type B interrupted aortic arch (IAA). Microarray revealed a female karyotype with deletion of chromosome 1p21.1p12. There may be an association between 1p microdeletion, CDH, and IAA.
Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas associated with mucinous adenocarcinoma and cystic teratoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Saikaly Elias , El Asmar Antoine , Abi Fadel Fahim , Aoun Mona , El Rassi Ziad 
Published: January 2017

Key Clinical MessageDorsal agenesis of the pancreas is a rare congenital anomaly. Fifty‐eight cases were reported from 1913 till 2015, nine of which were associated with tumors. We present the 10th case, the first to be associated with pancreatic mucinous adenocarcinoma and cystic teratoma, successfully managed by Whipple procedure and total pancreatectomy.
Adsorption of C1–C4 Alcohols, C4–C5 Isoolefins, and their Corresponding Ethers over Amberlyst™35
Authors: Soto Rodrigo , Oktar Nuray , Fité Carles , Ramírez Eliana , Bringué Roger , Tejero Javier 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAn experimental liquid‐ and gas‐phase adsorption study of C1–C4 alcohols, C4–C5 isoolefins, and the tert‐alkyl ethers obtained thereof over Amberlyst™35 is presented. Liquid‐phase adsorption experiments were performed in a batch adsorber and gas‐phase adsorption experiments were carried out in a packed‐bed adsorber in a defined temperature range. Adsorption entropy and enthalpy were determined from adsorption equilibrium constants of each tracer in both liquid and gas phase. Adsorption equilibrium constants of alcohols were found to be larger than those of isoolefins and ethers. The moment technique was used to estimate micro‐ and macropore effective diffusion coefficients of the involved species.
Excess Adsorption Isotherms of Hydrogen on Activated Carbons from Agricultural Waste Materials
Authors: Soukup Karel , Hejtmánek Vladimír , Cruz Gerardo J. F. , Jandová Věra , Solcova Olga 
Published: January 2017

AbstractFour activated carbons based on red mombin seeds, cocoa pod husk, the external part of mango pits, and coffee husk were prepared by chemical activation using zinc chloride. Adsorption isotherms of hydrogen measured by a volumetric method under supercritical conditions corresponding to the three temperature levels and the pressure up to ten bars were determined. The dependence of the adsorbed amount of hydrogen on equilibrium pressure was linear for all adsorption isotherms measured at ambient temperatures. The corresponding excess adsorption experimental data were fitted by Henry's adsorption isotherm with an excellent accordance. The Dubinin‐Radushkevich adsorption isotherm was demonstrated to match the excess adsorption data at cryogenic temperatures with high accuracy.
Biomethane Production from Biogas by Separation Using Thin‐Film Composite Membranes
Authors: Sedláková Zuzana , Kárászová Magda , Vejražka Jiří , Morávková Lenka , Esposito Elisa , Fuoco Alessio , Jansen Johannes Carolus , Izák Pavel 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRaw biogas obtained from a sewage plant was successfully purified by a single‐step method to a quality compatible with compressed natural gas (CNG) standards. For this purpose, thin‐film composite membranes with polyamide skin layer were evaluated at varying temperatures, pressures, feed and sweep flow rates. The wetting of the polyamide skin layer was analyzed under different experimental conditions. Optimization of the purification process resulted in a better separation than that in previous studies. The achieved CH4 and H2S levels are conform to the required standards for commercialization in the Czech Republic. A unique feature of the presented approach, distinguishing the water‐swollen thin‐film composite membranes from polymeric membranes under dry conditions, is that the condensing water absorbs a significant amount of the minor impurities of biogas, such as H2S.
Photoelectrochemical NADH Regeneration using Pt‐Modified p‐GaAs Semiconductor Electrodes
Authors: Stufano Paolo , Paris Aubrey R. , Bocarsly Andrew 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCofactor regeneration in enzymatic reductions is crucial for the application of enzymes to both biological and energy‐related catalysis. Specifically, regenerating NADH from NAD+ is of great interest, and using electrochemistry to achieve this end is considered a promising option. Here, we report the first example of photoelectrochemical NADH regeneration at the illuminated (λ>600 nm), metal‐modified, p‐type semiconductor electrode Pt/p‐GaAs. Although bare p‐GaAs electrodes produce only enzymatically inactive NAD2, NADH was produced at the illuminated Pt‐modified p‐GaAs surface. At low overpotential (−0.75 V vs. Ag/AgCl), Pt/p‐GaAs exhibited a seven‐fold greater faradaic efficiency for the formation of NADH than Pt alone, with reduced competition from the hydrogen evolution reaction. Improved faradaic efficiency and low overpotential suggest the possible utility of Pt/p‐GaAs in energy‐related NADH‐dependent enzymatic processes.
Replacing Oxygen Evolution with Hydrazine Oxidation at the Anode for Energy‐Saving Electrolytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Wang Jianmei , Kong Rongmei , Asiri Abdullah M. , Sun Xuping 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe report the development of a cobalt phosphide nanoarray as an efficient and stable catalyst for the hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) in alkaline media. Its high hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity enables it to be used as a bifunctional catalyst for less energy‐intensive electrolytic hydrogen generation by replacing the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction with HzOR. The corresponding two‐electrode electrolyzer using such a nanoarray as both the anode for HzOR and the cathode for HER only needs a cell voltage of 0.2 V to drive 10 mA cm−2 in 1.0 M KOH with 100 mM hydrazine, which is 1.45 V less than that for pure water splitting. This electrolyzer also shows strong long‐term electrochemical durability with nearly 100 % faradic efficiency for hydrogen evolution.
Theory and Simulations for the Electron‐Transfer/Ion‐Transfer Mode of Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy in the Presence or Absence of Homogenous Kinetics
Authors: Oleinick Alexander , Yu Yun , Svir Irina , Mirkin Michael V. , Amatore Christian 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the groups of Amatore (Paris, France) and Mirkin (New York, USA). The image illustrates the delivered and captured flux gradients inside the nanopipette as well as those generated inside the nanocleft delimited by the nanopipette tip and the electrode surface. It is a single‐barrel nanopipette, so the two gradients are artificially separated for graphical purposes by their individual projection on each face of the crosscut volume. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/celc.201600583.
Dimensionally Controlled Assembly of an External Stimuli‐Responsive [Co2Fe2] Complex into Supramolecular Hydrogen‐Bonded Networks
Authors: Sekine Yoshihiro , Nihei Masayuki , Oshio Hiroki 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA stimuli‐responsive tetranuclear complex was assembled into new aggregates with controllable dimensionality through directional hydrogen bonds (HBs). A cyanide‐bridged tetranuclear complex cation, [Co2Fe2(CN)6(tp*)2(bpy*)4]2+ (abbreviated to 12+) (tp*=hydrotris(3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)borate and bpy*=4,4′‐di‐methyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine) has two terminal cyanide nitrogens and acts as a hydrogen‐bond acceptor (HBA) with a linear bridging mode. Co‐crystallization of 12+ with p‐hydroquinone (H2Q), a hydrogen‐bond donor (HBD) with two donor sites, led to a one‐dimensional aggregate, 1(BPh4)2⋅(H2Q)⋅2 H2O (2), while a two‐dimensional sheet with a honeycomb structure, 13(PF6)6⋅(H3PG)2⋅4 CH3CN⋅8 H2O (3), was obtained by co‐crystallization with phloroglucinol (H3PG) acting as a three‐way structure‐directing HBD. Magnetic measurements revealed that 2 and 3 exhibited thermal and light‐induced electron‐transfer‐coupled spin transitions (ETCSTs).
Separation of Anti‐Phase Signals Due to Parahydrogen Induced Polarization via 2D Nutation NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Obenaus Utz , Althoff‐Ospelt Gerhard , Lang Swen , Himmelmann Robin , Hunger Michael 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe present work introduces a novel method for the selective detection of 1H NMR anti‐phase signals caused by the pairwise incorporation of parahydrogen into olefins on noble‐metal‐containing catalysts. Via a two‐dimensional (2D) nutation NMR experiment, the anti‐phase signals of hyperpolarized 1H nuclei are separated due to their double nutation frequency compared to that of thermally polarized 1H nuclei. For demonstrating this approach, parahydrogen induced polarization (PHIP) was achieved via the hydrogenation of propene with parahydrogen on platinum‐containing silica and investigated by in situ 1H MAS NMR spectroscopy under continuous‐flow conditions, that is, the hydrogenation reaction was performed inside the magnet of the NMR spectrometer. The 2D nutation NMR experiment described in the present work is useful for the separation of overlapping anti‐phase and in‐phase signals due to hyperpolarized and thermally polarized 1H nuclei, respectively, which is important for research in the field of heterogeneous catalysis.
A novel method for multipath routing using cross layer approach in vehicular adhoc networks
Authors: Bhagyavathi M. , Saritha V. , Venkata Krishna P. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryVehicular Adhoc Network (VANET) is playing a vital role in recent research. Designing an effective routing protocol for VANET is a challenging task as the VANET nodes move very fast. The design of the routing protocol normally is particular to the specific topology. This paper proposes CLMR, a multipath routing protocol based on cross layer design and also using Redundant Array Inexpensive Disks (RAID). Cross layer is designed among application, network, Media Access Control, and physical layers. It is employed to reduce the end to end delay in network, and RAID is used to minimize the number of re‐transmissions. Three variations of RAID are implemented—Distributed Parity along Single path, Double Distributed Parity, and Distributed Parity among Multiple paths. Multipath routing protocol based on cross layer‐Distributed Parity along Single path recovers 1 packet loss per parity packet along the corresponding path, CLMR‐Double Distributed Parity recovers 2 packets per parity packet along the corresponding path, and CLMR‐Distributed Parity among Multiple paths recovers the packets of the failed path. The evaluation is carried out to test the Quality of Service parameters‐end to end delay, throughput, packet delivery ratio, and number of retransmissions. The results projected show that the CLMR performs better when compared with the legacy protocol Adhoc On‐demand Multipath Distance Vector Routing.
Seasonal home range dynamics and sex differences in habitat use in a threatened, coastal marsh bird
Authors: Kolts Jaan R. , McRae Susan B. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA comprehensive understanding of spatiotemporal ecology is needed to develop conservation strategies for declining species. The king rail (Rallus elegans) is a secretive marsh bird whose range historically extended across the eastern United States. Inland migratory populations have been greatly reduced with most remaining populations inhabiting the coastal margins. Our objectives were to determine the migratory status of breeding king rails on the mid‐Atlantic coast and to characterize home range size, seasonal patterns of movement, and habitat use. Using radiotelemetry, we tracked individual king rails among seasons, and established that at least a segment of this breeding population is resident. Mean (±SE) home range size was 19.8 ± 5.0 ha (95% kernel density) or 2.5 ± 0.9 (50% kernel density). We detected seasonal variation and sex differences in home range size and habitat use. In the nonbreeding season, resident male home ranges coincided essentially with their breeding territories. Overwintering males were more likely than females to be found in natural emergent marsh with a greater area of open water. Females tended to have larger home ranges than males during the nonbreeding season. We report for the first time the use of wooded natural marsh by overwintering females. Brood‐rearing king rails led their young considerable distances away from their nests (average maximum distance: ~600 ± 200 m) and used both wooded natural and impounded marsh. King rails moved between natural marsh and managed impoundments during all life stages, but the proximity of these habitat types particularly benefitted brood‐rearing parents seeking foraging areas with shallower water in proximity to cover. Our results demonstrate the importance of interspersion of habitat types to support resident breeders. Summer draining of impounded wetlands that are seasonally flooded for wintering waterfowl allows regrowth of vegetation and provides additional habitat at a critical time for wading birds.