bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In ovo feeding of l-arginine and selenium nanoparticles influences post-hatch growth, muscle development, antioxidant status, and meat quality in slow-growing chickens
Authors: Kaewsatuan Pramin , Morawong Thanidtha , Lu Panpan , Kamkaew Anyanee , Molee Amonrat , Molee Wittawat 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the effects of in ovo feeding (IOF) of l-arginine (L-Arg), selenium nanoparticles (SeNP), and a combination of L-Arg and SeNP on the hatchability, post-hatch growth, muscle development, antioxidant status, and meat quality of slow-growing chickens. On day 18 of incubation, a total of 960 fertilized eggs with similar weights were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups with 4 replicates of 60 eggs each: (1) non-injected control group (Control), (2) injected with 1% of L-Arg (IOF_L-Arg), (3) injected with 0.3 µg/egg of SeNP (IOF_SeNP), and (4), injected with 1% of L-Arg and 0.3 µg/egg of SeNP (IOF_L-Arg + SeNP). A completely randomized design was used. After hatching, 640 mixed-sex chicks were allocated to 4 treatment groups and split into 4 replicate pens (40 birds per pen). All groups of chicks were fed with commercial feed ad libitum until they reached 63 d of age and were subsequently weighed and slaughtered. The results of the present study showed that hatchability was similar among treatments. Final BW or breast muscle yield was not affected (P &gt; 0.05) by IOF treatment. Chickens treated with IOF_L-Arg + SeNP exhibited decreased feed conversion ratio, drip loss, and increased protein content in breast meat (P &lt; 0.05). The IOF_L-Arg + SeNP group exhibited a higher density of breast muscle fibers than the control group (P &lt; 0.05). Overall, in ovo feeding of L-Arg combined with SeNP resulted in improved feed efficiency and enhanced antioxidant capacity at hatch without any adverse effects on chicken hatchability, health, or subsequent growth. Furthermore, meat from chickens in the IOF_L-Arg + SeNP group exhibited a preferable texture with a higher protein content.
Chlorantraniliprole resistance associated with diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) outbreaks in Arizona Brassica crops
Authors: Calvin Wilfrid , Palumbo John C 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus), is one of the most important insect pests of Brassica crops worldwide. In October 2016, outbreaks of an invasive P. xylostella population and unexpected control failures occurred on broccoli and cauliflower crops throughout all vegetable-growing regions in Arizona. Nineteen populations of Plutella xylostella were collected from 2016 to 2021 from various commercial cauliflower fields in Yuma and Scottsdale, Arizona, and from experimental broccoli plots at the University of Arizona, Yuma Agricultural Center (UAYAC), Yuma, Arizona. Populations collected from the commercial cauliflower fields had been transplanted with seedlings produced in a local Yuma nursery in 2016 and Salinas, CA in 2017 to 2018, whereas experimental broccoli plots were direct seeded. These populations were evaluated for their susceptibility to chlorantraniliprole, spinetoram, emamectin benzoate, and cyantraniliprole. In this study, field rate laboratory bioassays, serial dilution laboratory bioassays, and field efficacy spray experiments were performed. The field rate laboratory bioassay results showed that spinetoram, emamectin benzoate, and cyantraniliprole remained effective at controlling P. xylostella, but chlorantraniliprole did not control P. xylostella at the field rate. Additionally, serial dilution bioassays confirmed significant levels of cyantraniliprole and chlorantraniliprole resistance in the P. xylostella populations collected from transplanted cauliflower fields. However, the results of the multiyear/growing-seasons study monitoring the susceptibility of P. xylostella populations collected from direct-seeded broccoli and field efficacy trials conducted at the UAYAC indicated that the resistance to diamide insecticides was neither uniform nor persistent following the 2016 outbreak. Nevertheless, the risk for P. xylostella resistance in Arizona vegetable-growing regions exists, particularly in Brassica transplants. Therefore, we recommend that Arizona Brassica growers remain vigilant and practice rigorous insecticide resistance management to offset the development of resistance.
What The Papers Say
Authors: Bajwa Ali 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Journal of Hip Preservation Surgery (JHPS) is not the only place where work in the field of hip preservation can be published. Although our aim is to offer the best of the best, we are continually fascinated by work, which finds its way into journals other than our own. There is much to learn from it, and so JHPS has selected six recent and topical subjects for those who seek a summary of what is taking place in our ever-fascinating world of hip preservation. What you see here are the mildly edited abstracts of the original articles, to give them what JHPS hopes is a more readable feel. If you are pushed for time, what follows should take you no more than 10 min to read. So here goes…
MONFIT: multi-omics factorization-based integration of time-series data sheds light on Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Mihajlović Katarina , Malod-Dognin Noël , Ameli Corrado , Skupin Alexander , Pržulj Nataša 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a severe and complex multifactorial neurodegenerative disease with still elusive pathophysiology preventing the development of curative treatments. Molecular deep phenotyping by longitudinal multi-omics is a promising approach to identify mechanisms of PD aetiology and its progression. However, the heterogeneous data require new analysis frameworks to understand disease progression across biological entities and processes. Here, we present MONFIT, a holistic analysis pipeline that integrates and mines time-series single-cell RNA-sequencing data with bulk proteomics and metabolomics data by non-negative matrix tri-factorization, enabling prior knowledge incorporation from molecular networks. First, MONIFT integrates time-point-specific data and then holistically mines the integrated data across time points. By applying MONFIT to longitudinal multi-omics data of differentiation of PD and control patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells into dopaminergic neurons, we identify novel PD-associated genes, emphasize molecular pathways that play important roles in PD pathology and suggest new intervention opportunities using drug-repurposing. MONFIT is fully adaptable to other multi-omics data sets.
Upcoming drug targets for kidney protective effects in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Nardone Massimo , Yau Kevin , Kugathasan Luxcia , Odutayo Ayodele , Mohsen Mai , Ouimet Jean-Philippe , Sridhar Vikas S , Cherney David Z I 
Published: September 2024

PLAIN ENGLISH SUMMARY

People with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at a high risk of heart disease and end-stage kidney disease. This review describes how new medications, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA), aldosterone synthase inhibitors (ASi), soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and endothelin receptor antagonists (ERA), can lower heart–kidney risk in people with CKD. GLP1RA are already recommended for managing blood sugar in people with CKD and type 2 diabetes and have been shown to lower the risk of developing end-stage kidney disease. GLP1RA will likely soon be included in clinical guidelines, but further research is needed to understand how these medications protect the kidneys. ASi are another new medication that lower the protein found in urine. Larger trials are being done to see how well these medications work in slowing CKD. Lastly, both sGC agonists and ERAs have been shown to relax blood vessels to improve blood flow in the kidney, and reduce the amount of protein found in urine, both of which are critical to protecting kidneys. Larger clinical trials are being done to see if these medications prevent CKD from getting worse. In summary, this review describes the new and promising treatments for CKD. These therapies hold the potential to slow kidney disease and improve the wellbeing of patients. Further research of these new treatments is important for improving CKD care.

ABSTRACT
Despite recent advancements in the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD), identifying novel therapies beyond guideline-directed therapies that reduce residual cardiorenal risk remains imperative. In this review, we highlight the clinical evidence supporting emerging therapies for CKD, including glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) and other incretin-based therapies, aldosterone synthase inhibitors (ASI), endothelin receptor antagonists (ERA), soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) agonists and anti-inflammatory drugs. Long-acting GLP1RA are already recommended for glycemic control in patients with CKD and type 2 diabetes and the large, dedicated kidney outcome trial FLOW was recently stopped early for efficacy. Emerging clinical trial evidence supports the concept that ASI also provide additional benefit on top of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, which remain a cornerstone of CKD treatment. Next, we consider the use of sGC agonists, which target nitric oxide bioavailability and thereby reduce albuminuria. Finally, we explore the therapeutic potential of ERA, which act through hemodynamic and anti-fibrotic mechanisms, thereby addressing a common final pathway in the development of CKD. Accordingly, our review highlights the changing therapeutic landscape for CKD with promising agents to further prevent the progression of kidney disease.
Resentment and Grievance
Authors: Subotic Jelena 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter brings together the research on emotions and national identity to examine the role of two specific emotions—resentment and grievance. The surge in global populism is evidence that much of contemporary politics is guided by various resentments and grievances, slights real or imagined. This chapter goes beyond this statement to explore ways in which resentment and grievance are not only used for specific partisan gains but in fact foundational to constructions of national identity for many states. When a state’s identity is built on resentment and grievance, this creates a hegemonic national worldview of permanent victimhood that interprets international relations not as a competition or cooperation but as a perpetual struggle to right historical wrongs and punish those international actors who are perceived to have caused the injustice in the first place. These theoretical insights are illustrated with research on resentment politics in Serbia and Russia.
Specific retinal neurons regulate context-dependent defensive responses to visual threat
Authors: Lee Tracy , Weinberg-Wolf Hannah , Zapadka Thomas E , Rudenko Andrii , Demb Jonathan B , Kim In-Jung 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
While encountering a visual threat, an animal assesses multiple factors to choose an appropriate defensive strategy. For example, when a rodent detects a looming aerial predator, its behavioral response can be influenced by a specific environmental context, such as the availability of a shelter. Indeed, rodents typically escape from a looming stimulus when a shelter is present; otherwise, they typically freeze. Here we report that context-dependent behavioral responses can be initiated at the earliest stage of the visual system by distinct types of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), the retina's output neurons. Using genetically defined cell ablation in mature mice, we discovered that some RGC types were necessary for either escaping (alpha RGCs) or freezing (intrinsically photosensitive RGCs) in response to a looming stimulus but not for both behaviors; whereas other RGC types were not required for either behavior (direction-selective RGCs preferring vertical motion). Altogether, our results suggest that specific RGC types regulate distinct behavioral responses elicited by the same threatening stimulus depending on contextual signals in the environment. These findings emphasize the unique contribution of early visual pathways to evolutionally conserved behavioral reactions.
Empirical determinants of momentum: a perspective using international data
Authors: Goyal Amit , Jegadeesh Narasimhan , Subrahmanyam Avanidhar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Although momentum exists in many markets throughout the world, explanations for momentum have largely been tested using US data. We investigate the extent to which US-based momentum explanations extend to the international context, using regression-based and portfolio approaches. Among the several hypotheses we consider, we find reliable support for the hypothesis that due to limited attention, investors underreact to information arriving in small bits rather than in large chunks, which results in momentum. We also find secondary support for the overconfidence hypothesis for momentum. Finally, we find that momentum is stronger in up-markets and less-volatile markets in the international context just as in the USA. This finding also accords with the investor overconfidence hypothesis, under the proviso that investors are more confident in rising, low-volatility markets.
Stepping Back: How Should Pass/Fail Scoring Influence Step 1 Timing?
Authors: Toonkel Rebecca L. , Pock Arnyce R. , Hauer Karen E. , Kogan Jennifer R. , Seibert Christine S. , Swan Sein Aubrie , Monrad Seetha U. , Gordon David , Daniel Michelle , Ryan Michael S. , Ismail Nadia , Fazio Sara B. , Santen Sally A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Although most students complete Step 1 before clerkships, some institutions delay the exam until after clerkships. The change to pass/fail grading adds additional complexity that should be considered when deciding about exam timing. Both early and late administration may affect learning outcomes, learner behavior, student well-being, and residency match success. Step 1 completion before clerkships promotes learning outcomes (e.g., integration and mastery of foundational material), may encourage students to focus on the curriculum, and may better prepare students for clinical science exams (CSEs). However, delaying the exam ensures that students maintain foundational knowledge and may encourage clinical educators to demonstrate basic science illustrations. An early Step 1 may affect learner behavior by allowing clerkship students to focus on clinical learning. The associated National Board of Medical Examiners performance report may also be used for Step 2 and CSE preparation. However, delaying Step 1 allows greater scheduling flexibility based on developmental milestones. Administration of Step 1 before clerkships removes a significant stressor from the clinical year and decompresses the residency application period. However, a delayed Step 1 reduces the pressure on students to engage in numerous extracurricular and research activities to distinguish themselves due to the pass/fail change. An early Step 1 exam may also lead to improved CSE performance, which is often linked to clerkship honors criteria, an increasingly valuable distinction for residency match success after the change to pass/fail. In contrast, delaying Step 1 is associated with higher first-time pass rates, which may be especially important for students at risk for failure. Medical educators and students should collaboratively approach the question of Step 1 timing, considering these factors within the context of the medical school program, curricular constraints and priorities, and students’ individual needs and goals.
Transition From Graduate Medical Education to Independent Practice: A Scoping Review
Authors: Zavodnick Jillian , Adamczyk Abby , Diemer Gretchen , Kuchera Timothy , Leonard Nia , Jaffe Rebecca 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study examines the gaps in early career physician readiness for independent practice after graduating from their final graduate medical education (GME) program.

Method
The authors conducted a literature search of 4 online databases (PubMed, Scopus, Health Business Elite, and Education Resources Information Center) using the following terms: population terms (GME, fellow, resident, and others), early career terms (onboarding, hiring, early career, ready, and others), readiness terms (readiness, preparedness, knowledge, skills, competence), and independence terms (attending, physician, independent practice). The databases were searched on March 12, 2024, for articles that explored GME graduate gaps in readiness for independent practice; assessment tools, curricula, or curricular need aimed at gaps in early career physician readiness; or an area where GME graduates need more knowledge and skills. They extracted specific gaps in preparedness and categorized them using existing competency frameworks.

Results
The search returned 116 articles addressing gaps in preparedness for independent practice among recent GME graduates. Surgery yielded more articles than any other specialty (43 [37%]). Overall, 192 individual gaps were extracted; the greatest number of gaps came from patient care (75 [39%]) followed by personal and professional development (44 [23%]). The most frequently identified gaps were procedural independence (10 occurrences), practice management (9 occurrences), and billing (7 occurrences).

Conclusions
Despite advances in GME, learners still struggle when transitioning to independent practice. Personal and professional development is a useful categorization for many gaps and should be considered for inclusion as a GME competency. Systematic assessment of new-to-practice attendings could help stakeholders better understand the true outcomes of GME programs. Concerted investment by specialty societies may drive greater understanding and innovative solutions. Additional study could help address the challenges in the GME-to-practice transition.
Lateral Open Wedge Osteotomy and Lateral Condyle Fusion In Situ for Children With Condyle Nonunion and Cubitus Valgus Deformity
Authors: Lu Yunan , Pan Yuchen , Canavese Federico , Lin Ran , Lai Jinglin , Chen Shunyou 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
Long-term nonunion of the lateral humeral condyle (LHC) can result in progressive cubitus valgus, elbow pain, instability, and delayed ulnar nerve palsy. Various techniques have been proposed for correction, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of this study was to introduce a lateral open wedge osteotomy (LOWO) procedure combined with in situ osteosynthesis of nonunited LHC for the treatment of long-term LHC nonunion with cubitus valgus deformity.

Methods:
We evaluated 18 pediatric patients who had a cubitus valgus deformity greater than 10 degrees after nonunion of the LHC for more than 2 years. The LHC was fixed in situ with 1 or 2 cancellous screws, and the LOWO was fixed with a locking plate. All patients underwent clinical and radiologic evaluation, and the pre- and postoperative carrying angle (CA), range of motion (ROM), and Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS) were analyzed.

Results:
Eighteen patients, with a mean age of 9.9 ± 3.9 years, underwent treatment for LHC nonunion and cubitus valgus deformity after a mean interval of 61.6 ± 24.1 months from the initial injury. The mean follow-up period was 57.6 ± 22.8 months. Union of the LHC and LOWO was achieved in all patients. The mean CA decreased significantly from 31.6 ± 4.8 degrees before surgery to 10.4 ± 2.2 degrees after surgery (P<0.001). Surgery did not decrease elbow range of motion (P=0.202). The mean MEPS increased significantly from a preoperative value of 55 ± 4.9 to a postoperative value of 91.1 ± 5.6 (P<0.001). No significant complications were observed.

Conclusions:
LOWO combined with in situ fixation of nonunited LHC is an effective approach for treating long-term LHC nonunion associated with cubitus valgus deformity.
Rates of Visual Field Progression Before and After the Onset of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Nishida Takashi , Moghimi Sasan , Jin Wang , Zangwill Linda M. , Weinreb Robert N. 
Published: September 2024

Précis:
This case-control study investigated the effect of atrial fibrillation (AF) on the progression of glaucoma. The presence of AF and related microvascular damage was associated with a slightly faster visual field loss in glaucoma patients.

Purpose:
To investigate the effect of atrial fibrillation (AF) on glaucoma progression.

Methods:
In this longitudinal case-control study, a total of 144 eyes from 105 patients with primary open angle glaucoma were included. Forty-eight eyes of case developed AF during the follow-up followed for 15.6 years. Ninety-six eyes of control that did not have AF at baseline or during follow-up matched for age, baseline glaucoma severity, and follow-up period were followed for an average of 14.7 years. Mixed-effects linear models were used to calculate the difference in the VF MD slopes before and after the AF. CHADS2 and CHA2DS2−VASc scores were used to evaluate the risk of thrombosis event, and related microvascular damage was assessed based on these scores.

Results:
The rate of VF MD change was −0.20 (−0.42 to 0.02) dB/y before AF and −0.28 (−0.47 to −0.09) dB/y after AF for the patients with AF, and −0.21 (−0.25 to −0.17) dB/y for the control. In the multivariable models, the VF slope difference before and after the onset of AF [−0.10 (−0.14 to −0.05) dB/y, P<0.001], higher CHADS2 score [−0.07 (−0.13 to 0.00) dB/y per 1 unit, P=0.040], and higher CHA2DS2-VASc score [−0.05 (−0.10 to 0.00) dB/y per 1 unit, P=0.039] were associated with faster VF MD loss.

Conclusions:
The presence of atrial fibrillation and related microvascular damage might accelerate visual field loss. This underscores the need for a comprehensive medical history and management of cardiovascular risk factors to mitigate increased VF loss in glaucoma.