bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Binding kinetics and substrate selectivity in HIV-1 protease−Gag interactions probed at atomic resolution by chemical exchange NMR
Authors: Deshmukh Lalit , Tugarinov Vitali , Louis John M. , Clore G. Marius 
Published: October 2017

Significance
The formation of infectious HIV-1 virions is triggered by sequential proteolysis of the group-specific antigen (Gag) polyprotein by the viral protease. Using chemical exchange-based NMR spectroscopy, we explore, in the context of Gag polyprotein, the formation of productive complexes between protease and Gag cleavage sites located within the intrinsically disordered linkers that connect the globular domains of Gag. We show that the ability of protease to sequentially cleave distinct Gag cleavage sites, which display little to no sequence identity, primarily originates from conformational dynamics of the protease flaps that cover the active site. The protease flaps are actively involved in substrate recognition and regulate the lifetime of productive complexes, allowing protease to differentiate between cognate and noncognate sequences.
A Review on the Perforated Impact Energy Absorption of Kenaf Fibres Reinforced Composites
Authors: Emran Ismail Al , Khalid S.N.A , Muhd Nor Nik Hisyamudin 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
This paper reviews the potential of mechanical energy absorption of natural fiber reinforced composites subjected to perforated impact. According to literature survey, several research works discussing on the impact performances on natural fiber reinforced composites are available. However, most of these composite fibers are randomly arranged. Due to high demand for sustainable materials, many researches give high attention to enhance the mechanical capability of natural fiber composites especially focused on the fiber architecture. Therefore, it is important to review the progress of impact energy absorption on woven fiber composite in order to identify the research opportunities in the future.
Construction of lambda-nucleon s-wave potential through quantum inverse scattering at fixed angular momentum
Authors: Meoto E F , Lekala M L 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Quantum systems with a strangeness degree of freedom are very important as they provide an extra dimension, and hence a deeper insight into nuclear matter. Usually phenomenological potentials obtained through meson exchange theories are used in investigating these hypernuclear systems. In this paper potentials for lambda-nucleon interactions in the spin singlet and spin triplet states, constructed through fixed-angular momentum inversion based on Marchenko theory, are presented. Owing to experimental difficulties in obtaining a sufficient number of lambda-nucleon scattering events, theoretical phase shifts are used as input for the inversion. The constructed potential is energy-independent, making it more suitable for quantum-mechanical few-body calculations.
User needs analysis and usability assessment of DataMed – a biomedical data discovery index
Authors: Dixit Ram , Rogith Deevakar , Narayana Vidya , Salimi Mandana , Gururaj Anupama , Ohno-Machado Lucila , Xu Hua , Johnson Todd R 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo present user needs and usability evaluations of DataMed, a Data Discovery Index (DDI) that allows searching for biomedical data from multiple sources.Materials and MethodsWe conducted 2 phases of user studies. Phase 1 was a user needs analysis conducted before the development of DataMed, consisting of interviews with researchers. Phase 2 involved iterative usability evaluations of DataMed prototypes. We analyzed data qualitatively to document researchers’ information and user interface needs.ResultsBiomedical researchers’ information needs in data discovery are complex, multidimensional, and shaped by their context, domain knowledge, and technical experience. User needs analyses validate the need for a DDI, while usability evaluations of DataMed show that even though aggregating metadata into a common search engine and applying traditional information retrieval tools are promising first steps, there remain challenges for DataMed due to incomplete metadata and the complexity of data discovery.DiscussionBiomedical data poses distinct problems for search when compared to websites or publications. Making data available is not enough to facilitate biomedical data discovery: new retrieval techniques and user interfaces are necessary for dataset exploration. Consistent, complete, and high-quality metadata are vital to enable this process.ConclusionWhile available data and researchers’ information needs are complex and heterogeneous, a successful DDI must meet those needs and fit into the processes of biomedical researchers. Research directions include formalizing researchers’ information needs, standardizing overviews of data to facilitate relevance judgments, implementing user interfaces for concept-based searching, and developing evaluation methods for open-ended discovery systems such as DDIs.
Computed tomography–based image-guided brachytherapy for cervical cancer: correlations between dose–volume parameters and clinical outcomes
Authors: Kusada Takeaki , Toita Takafumi , Ariga Takuro , Maemoto Hitoshi , Hashimoto Seiji , Shiina Hideki , Kakinohana Yasumasa , Heianna Joichi , Nagai Yutaka , Kudaka Wataru , Aoki Yoichi , Murayama Sadayuki 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study evaluated the oncologic outcomes and complications of cervical cancer patients in terms of CT-based image-guided brachytherapy (IGBT) parameters. Of 68 cervical cancer patients treated with definitive radiotherapy/concurrent chemoradiotherapy, most received whole-pelvis external beam RT (EBRT) of 40 Gy in 20 fractions, pelvic EBRT with central shield of 10 Gy in 5 fractions, and CT-based IGBT of 18 Gy in 3 fractions prescribed to point A. Cumulative EBRT and IGBT doses were calculated as the total equivalent dose in 2 Gy fractions (EQD2). The median follow-up was 31 (3–52) months. The 2-year overall survival, local control, pelvic control, and disease-free survival rates of the 68 patients were 92%, 83%, 82% and 73%, respectively. The HR-CTV D90, length from the tandem axis to left/right margin of the HR-CTV (T-LR), and HR-CTV volume were significant IGBT parameters for predicting local/pelvic control. Patients who received an HR-CTV D90 of &gt;60 Gy, compared with ≤60 Gy, had significantly better local/pelvic control. Furthermore, 70 Gy was a marginally significant HR-CTV D90 cut-off affecting local control. T-LR was an independent IGBT parameter predicting local/pelvic control on multivariate analysis. Three patients developed Grade 3 or higher treatment-related complications. The D2cm3 of organs at risk were not significant predictors of complications. Future challenges for further improving outcomes include additional interstitial needles for irregularly shaped HR-CTVs, and moderate dose escalation, especially for patients with poor tumor responses.
Imaging Characteristics Predict Operative Difficulty Mobilizing the Sciatic Nerve for Proximal Hamstring Repair
Authors: Wilson Thomas J , Howe B Matthew , Spinner Robert J , Krych Aaron J 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Repair of proximal hamstring avulsions requires mobilization of the sciatic nerve away from the tendon stump, which can be achieved with varying difficulty depending on the degree of scar formation and adherence. Predicting when a scarred, adherent, difficult-to-mobilize nerve will be encountered has been difficult.

OBJECTIVE
To identify clinical and/or radiological factors predictive of a difficult intraoperative dissection of the sciatic nerve during proximal hamstring repair.

METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and preoperative magnetic resonance imaging of consecutive patients undergoing proximal hamstring repair. We compared the groups with and without a difficult sciatic nerve dissection.

RESULTS
The total cohort consisted of 67 patients. Factors found to increase the likelihood of a difficult sciatic nerve dissection included complete conjoint tendon avulsion, higher maximal amount of tendon retraction, higher degree of imaging abnormality in the sciatic nerve, and higher degree of circumferential relationship of hematoma to the sciatic nerve. At a threshold of 23 for the Sciatic Nerve Dissection Score, the positive and negative predictive values were 53% and 88%, respectively. For the decision tree, the positive and negative predictive values were 75% and 87%, respectively.

CONCLUSION
We have identified imaging factors associated with a scarred, adherent sciatic nerve that predict a difficult dissection during proximal hamstring repair. We have developed 2 novel methods—the Sciatic Nerve Dissection Score and a decision tree—that can be applied to predict the probability of a difficult sciatic nerve dissection at the time of surgical repair.
The Impact of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Fiber Tracking of the Corticospinal Tract Based on Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Surgery of Motor-Eloquent Brain Lesions
Authors: Raffa Giovanni , Conti Alfredo , Scibilia Antonino , Cardali Salvatore Massimiliano , Esposito Felice , Angileri Filippo Flavio , La Torre Domenico , Sindorio Carmela , Abbritti Rosaria Viola , Germanò Antonino , Tomasello Francesco 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) enables preoperative mapping of the motor cortex (M1). The combination of nTMS with diffusion tensor imaging fiber tracking (DTI-FT) of the corticospinal tract (CST) has been described; however, its impact on surgery of motor-eloquent lesions has not been addressed.

OBJECTIVE
To analyze the impact of nTMS-based mapping on surgery of motor-eloquent lesions.

METHODS
In this retrospective case-control study, we reviewed the data of patients operated for suspected motor-eloquent lesions between 2012 and 2015. The patients underwent nTMS mapping of M1 and, from 2014, nTMS-based DTI-FT of the CST. The impact on the preoperative risk/benefit analysis, surgical strategy, craniotomy size, extent of resection (EOR), and outcome were compared with a control group.

RESULTS
We included 35 patients who underwent nTMS mapping of M1 (group A), 35 patients who also underwent nTMS-based DTI-FT of the CST (group B), and a control group composed of 35 patients treated without nTMS (group C). The patients in groups A and B received smaller craniotomies (P = .01; P = .001), had less postoperative seizures (P = .02), and a better postoperative motor performance (P = .04) and Karnofsky Performance Status (P = .009) than the controls. Group B exhibited an improved risk/benefit analysis (P = .006), an increased EOR of nTMS-negative lesions in absence of preoperative motor deficits (P = .01), and less motor and Karnofsky Performance Status worsening in case of preoperative motor deficits (P = .02, P = .03) than group A.

CONCLUSION
nTMS-based mapping enables a tailored surgical approach for motor-eloquent lesions. It may improve the risk/benefit analysis, EOR and outcome, particularly when nTMS-based DTI-FT is performed.
Correlates of a Recent History of Disabling Low Back Pain in Community-dwelling Older Persons
Authors: Machado Luciana A.C. , Viana Joana U. , da Silva Sílvia L.A. , Couto Flávia G.P. , Mendes Liliane P. , Ferreira Paulo H. , Ferreira Manuela L. , Dias João M.D. , Dias Rosângela C. 
Published: October 2017

Objectives:
To investigate the correlates of a recent history of disabling low back pain (LBP) in older persons.

Materials and Methods:
The Pain in the Elderly (PAINEL) Study was derived from the Frailty among Brazilian Older Adults (FIBRA) Network Study. Data were collected through face-to-face/telephone interviews and clinical examination. A series of logistic regressions assessed associations between a recent history of disabling LBP and sociodemographic, physical/lifestyle, and psychological factors.

Results:
Of the 378 community-dwelling elders included in the study (age±SD, 75.5±6.1), 9.3% experienced LBP that was bad enough to limit or change their daily activities during the past year. Those reporting a recent history of disabling LBP were more likely to be women and under financial strain, to present poor self-rated health, overweight, multimorbidity, low physical activity level, fatigue, depressive symptomatology/diagnosis and fear beliefs, and to report decreased sleep time, prolonged sitting time, chronic pain (in location other than lower back), and frequently recurring LBP. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that overweight (odds ratio [OR], 29.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3-391.0), low physical activity level (OR, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.3-15.4), fatigue (OR, 10.3; 95% CI, 2.4-43.4), depression diagnosis (OR, 4.9; 95% CI, 1.3-18.4), and frequently recurring LBP (OR, 4.6; 95% CI, 1.0-20.1) were independently associated with a recent history of disabling LBP.

Discussion:
Our study supports the link between disabling LBP and other age-related chronic conditions in a middle-income country with a rapidly aging population.
Psychological Predictors of Postconcussive Symptoms Following Traumatic Injury
Authors: Sullivan Karen A. , Edmed Shannon L. , Greenslade Jaimi H. , White Melanie , Chu Kevin , Lukin Bill , Lange Rael T. , Lurie Janine K. 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
To determine the contribution of demographics, injury type, pain, and psychological factors on postconcussive symptoms.

Setting and Participants:
Recently injured (n = 54) and noninjured (n = 184) adults were recruited from a hospital emergency department or the community. Thirty-eight individuals met the diagnostic criteria for a mild traumatic brain injury and 16 individuals received treatment for a minor traumatic non–brain injury.

Main Measures:
Standardized tests were administered to assess 4 postconcussion symptom types and theorized predictors including a “physiogenic” variable (injury type) and “psychogenic” variables (symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress) within 1 month of the injury.

Results:
In the injured sample, after controlling for injury type, demographics, and pain (chronic and current), a hierarchical regression analysis revealed that the combination of psychological symptoms predicted affective (F
10,42 = 2.80, P = .009, R
2
change = 0.27) but not other postconcussion symptoms types. Anxiety (β = .48), stress (β = .18), and depression (β = −.07) were not statistically significant individual predictors (P > .05). Cognitive and vestibular postconcussion symptoms were not predicted by the modeled factors, somatic sensory postconcussion symptoms were predicted by demographic factors only, and the pattern of predictors for the symptom types differed for the samples.

Conclusions:
Traditional explanatory models do not account for these findings. The predictors are multifactorial, different for injured versus noninjured samples, and symptom specific.
Hyperarousal Symptoms Explain the Relationship Between Cognitive Complaints and Working Memory Performance in Veterans Seeking PTSD Treatment
Authors: Judah Matt R. , Renfroe Jenna B. , Wangelin Bethany C. , Turner Travis H. , Tuerk Peter W. 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
Comorbidity and symptom overlap between traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in veterans returning from deployment present challenges with respect to differential diagnosis and treatment. Both conditions frequently manifest with attention and working memory deficits, though the underlying neuropsychological basis differs. This study evaluated whether hyperarousal symptoms explain the relationship between subjective and objective measures of cognition in a veteran sample.

Participants and Procedures:
One-hundred three veterans completed the military version of the PTSD Checklist (PCL), the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory, and the Wechsler Memory Scale, 3rd edition digit span task with adequate effort.

Results:
Hierarchical regression suggested that hyperarousal, but not other PTSD symptoms, explained the relationship between neurobehavioral symptoms and cognitive functioning. This relationship was present regardless of whether veterans met full PTSD diagnostic criteria or screened positive on a traumatic brain injury screener and was robust to other moderators.

Conclusion:
These findings highlight the importance of considering traumatic brain injury and PTSD symptom overlap, particularly the relationship between hyperarousal symptoms and attention and working memory deficits, in conceptualizing cases and treatment planning.
Preschool children's coping responses and outcomes in the vaccination context: child and caregiver transactional and longitudinal relationships
Authors: Campbell Lauren , Pillai Riddell Rebecca , Cribbie Robert , Garfield Hartley , Greenberg Saul 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
This article, based on 2 companion studies, presents an in-depth analysis of preschoolers coping with vaccination pain. Study 1 used an autoregressive cross-lagged path model to investigate the dynamic and reciprocal relationships between young children's coping responses (how they cope with pain and distress) and coping outcomes (pain behaviors) at the preschool vaccination. Expanding on this analysis, study 2 then modeled preschool coping responses and outcomes using both caregiver and child variables from the child's 12-month vaccination (n = 548), preschool vaccination (n = 302), and a preschool psychological assessment (n = 172). Summarizing over the 5 path models and post hoc analyses over the 2 studies, novel transactional and longitudinal pathways predicting preschooler coping responses and outcomes were elucidated. Our research has provided empirical support for the need to differentiate between coping responses and coping outcomes: 2 different, yet interrelated, components of “coping.” Among our key findings, the results suggest that a preschooler's ability to cope is a powerful tool to reduce pain-related distress but must be maintained throughout the appointment; caregiver behavior and poorer pain regulation from the 12-month vaccination appointment predicted forward to preschool coping responses and/or outcomes; robust concurrent relationships exist between caregiver behaviors and both child coping responses and outcomes, and finally, caregiver behaviors during vaccinations are not only critical to both child pain coping responses and outcomes in the short- and long-term but also show relationships to broader child cognitive abilities as well.
Usefulness of Electrical Auditory Brainstem Responses to Assess the Functionality of the Cochlear Nerve Using an Intracochlear Test Electrode
Authors: Lassaletta Luis , Polak Marek , Huesers Jan , Díaz-Gómez Miguel , Calvino Miryam , Varela-Nieto Isabel , Gavilán Javier 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
To use an intracochlear test electrode to assess the integrity and the functionality of the auditory nerve in cochlear implant (CI) recipients and to compare electrical auditory brainstem responses (eABR) via the test electrode with the eABR responses with the CI.

Setting:
Otolaryngology department, tertiary referral hospital.

Patients:
Ten subjects (age at implantation 55 yr, range, 19–72) were subsequently implanted with a MED-EL CONCERTO CI on the side without any useful residual hearing.

Interventions:
Following identification of the round window (RW), the test electrode was inserted in the cochlea previous to cochlear implantation.

Main Outcome Measures:
To assess the quality of an eABR waveform, scoring criteria from Walton et al. (2008) were chosen. The waveforms in each session were classified by detecting waves III and V by the algorithm and visual assessment of the waveform. Speech performance was evaluated with monosyllables, disyllables, and sentence recognition tests.

Results:
It was possible to evoke electrical stimulation responses along with both the test electrode and the CI in all subjects. No significant differences in latencies or amplitudes after stimulation were found between the test electrode and the CI. All subjects obtained useful hearing with their CI and use their implants daily.

Conclusions:
The intracochlear test electrode may be suitable to test the integrity of the auditory nerve by recording eABR signals. This allows for further research on the status of the auditory nerve after tumor removal and correlation with auditory performance.
Therapeutic Mastoidectomy Does Not Increase Postoperative Complications in the Management of the Chronic Ear
Authors: Shew Matthew A. , Muelleman Thomas , Villwock Mark , Muelleman Robert J. , Sykes Kevin , Staecker Hinrich , Lin James L. 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
Tympanoplasty with or without concurrent therapeutic mastoidectomy is a controversial topic in the management of chronic ear disease. We sought to describe whether there is a significant difference in postoperative complications.

Study Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program public files.

Patients:
Current procedural terminology codes were used to identify patients with chronic ear disease undergoing tympanoplasty ± concurrent mastoidectomy in the 2011 to 14 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program files.

Intervention:
Therapeutic.

Main Outcome Measures:
Variables were compared with χ
2, Fischer's exact, and Mann–Whitney U tests, as appropriate to analyze postoperative complications between tympanoplasty with or without concurrent mastoidectomy. To account for confounding factors, presence of a complication was analyzed in binary logistic regression. Analysis considered sex, hypertension, obesity, advanced age, diabetes, smoking status, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical status, procedure.

Results:
There were 4,087 patients identified meeting criteria (tympanoplasty = 2,798, tympanomastoidectomy = 1,289). There was no statistical difference in postoperative complications (tympanoplasty n = 49 [1. 8%], tympanomastoidectomy n = 33 [2. 6%]; p = 0. 087) or return to the operating room (tympanoplasty = 4 [0. 1%], tympanomastoidectomy = 6 [0. 5%]; p = 0. 082). Binary logistic regression demonstrated smoking as a predictor of a postoperative complication (OR: 1. 758, 95% CI: 1. 084–2. 851; p = 0. 022), while concurrent mastoidectomy did not significantly increase the risk of complication (OR: 1. 440, 95% CI: 0. 915–2. 268; p = 0. 115). There was a significant difference in mean operative time between tympanoplasty and tympanomastoidectomy: 85.7 versus 154.23 min, p < 0. 001.

Conclusion:
In the management of chronic ear disease, tympanoplasty with concurrent mastoidectomy increases time under anesthesia, but it is not associated with any increased postoperative complications compared with tympanoplasty alone.