bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviors of Nano-polycrystalline Diamonds Synthesized by Direct Conversion Sintering under HPHT
Authors: Sumiya Hitoshi , Irifune Tetsuo 
Published: January 2017

AbstractHigh-purity nano-polycrystalline diamonds have been synthesized by direct conversion from graphite and various non-graphitic carbons under static high pressures and high temperatures. The polycrystalline diamond synthesized from graphite at ≥15 GPa and 2300-2600 °C has a mixed texture comprising a homogeneous fine structure (particle size: 10-30 nm, formed in a diffusion process) and a lamellar structure (formed in a martensitic process), and has a very high Knoop hardness of 120-145 GPa. In contrast, the polycrystalline diamonds made from the non-graphitic carbons at ≥15 GPa and 1600-2000 °C have a single texture consisting of a very fine homogeneous structure (5-10 nm, formed in a diffusion process) without a lamellar structure. The hardness values of the nano-polycrystalline diamonds made from non-graphitic carbons (70-90 GPa) are significantly lower than that of polycrystalline diamond made from graphite. The investigation of the microstructure beneath the indentation of these nano-polycrystalline diamonds revealed that the existence of the lamellar structure and the bonding strength of the grain boundary have a decisive effect on the hardness.
Mixed Responses to Systemic Therapy Revealed Potential Genetic Heterogeneity and Poor Survival in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Dong Zhong-Yi , Zhai Hao-Ran , Hou Qing-Yi , Su Jian , Liu Si-Yang , Yan Hong-Hong , Li Yang-Si , Chen Zhi-Yong , Zhong Wen-Zhao , Wu Yi-Long 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

Background
A subset of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) fosters mixed responses (MRs) to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) or chemotherapy. However, little is known about the clinical and molecular features or the prognostic significance and potential mechanisms.

Methods
The records of 246 consecutive patients with NSCLC receiving single-line chemotherapy or TKI treatment and who were assessed by baseline and interim positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans were collected retrospectively. The clinicopathological correlations of the MR were analyzed, and a multivariate analysis was performed to explore the prognostic significance of MR.

Results
The overall incidence of MR to systemic therapy was 21.5% (53/246) and predominated in patients with stage IIIB–IV, EGFR mutations and those who received TKI therapy (p &lt; .05). Subgroup analyses based on MR classification (efficacious versus inefficacious) showed significant differences in subsequent treatment between the two groups (p &lt; .001) and preferable progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the efficacious MR group. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that the presence of MR was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.474; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.018–2.134; p = .040) and OS (HR, 1.849; 95% CI, 1.190–2.871; p = .006) in patients with NSCLC. Induced by former systemic therapy, there were more T790M (18%), concomitant EGFR mutations (15%), and changes to EGFR wild type (19%) in the MR group among patients with EGFR mutations, which indicated higher incidence of genetic heterogeneity.

Conclusion
MR was not a rare event in patients with NSCLC and tended to occur in those with advanced lung adenocarcinoma treated with a TKI. MR may result from genetic heterogeneity and is an unfavorable prognostic factor for survival. Further studies are imperative to explore subsequent treatment strategies.
EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL/INCLUSIVA NO BRASIL: demandas contemporâneas
Authors: Oliveira Ivanilde Apoluceno de 
Published: January 2017

Neste artigo analisamos as demandas que emergem do processo de implantação da política de inclusão na Educação Especial no Brasil.Demandas referentes a novos sujeitos; a formação e prática, que envolve o debatesobre o currículo, e o atendimento educacional na educação inclusiva. Este estudo tem por base pesquisas realizadas em municípios do Estado do Pará e,também, o levantamento bibliográfico sobre a educação inclusiva no Brasil, incluindo análise de documentos sobre a legislação referente à política da Educação Especial.O estudo aponta que há necessidade de se evidenciar as demandas, problematizar a política, que não atende as especificidades regionais, mas sobretudo, apontar pistas, caminhos teóricos e metodológicos para a inclusão escola e social do aluno público-alvo da Educação Especial.Palavras-chave: Educação Especial. Política de Inclusão. Demandas contemporâneas. SPECIAL EDUCATION / INCLUSIVE IN BRAZIL: conteporary demandsAbstract: In this article we analyze the emerging demands from the implementation process of inclusion policy on Special Education in Brazil. Demands related to new subjects; training and practice, evolving the debate oncurriculum, and educational services in inclusive education. This study is based on surveys conducted in municipalities in the State of Pará and, Also the literature on inclusive education in Brazil, including document analysis onlegislation referring to the Special Education policy. The study points out that there is need to highlight the demands, problematize politics, that does not meet specific regional characteristics, but above all, point out hints, theoretical and methodological approaches to include school and social of the Special Education student audience.Keywords: Special education. Inclusion Policy. Contemporary demands. EDUCACIÓN ESPECIAL/INCLUSIVA EN BRASIL: demandas contemporáneas Resumen: En este artículo analizamos las demandas que surgen del proceso de implementación de la política de inclusión en la Educación Especial en Brasil. Demandas relacionadas con nuevos sujetos, la formación y práctica, que implican el debate sobre el currículo y el atendimiento educativo en la educación inclusiva. Este estudio se basa en investigaciones realizadas en municipios del Estado de Pará y también la literatura sobre la educación inclusiva en Brasil, incluyendo el análisis de documentos de la legislación sobre la política de Educación Especial. El estudio señala que existe la necesidad de poner de relieve las demandas, cuestionar la política, que no cumple con las especificidades regionales, pero, sobre todo, señalar caminos, enfoques teóricos y metodológicos para la inclusión escolar y social del alumno público clave de la Educación Especial.Palabras clave: Educación Especial. Política de Inclusión. Demandas contemporáneas.
Supply chain optimization with variable demand by considering financial criteria and scenarios
Authors: Escobar John Willmer 
Published: January 2017

This paper contemplates the supply chain design problem of a large-scale company by considering the maximization of the Net Present Value. In particular, the variability of the demand for each type of product at each customer zone has been estimated. As starting point, this paper considers an established supply chain for which the main problem is to determine the decisions regarding expansion of distribution centers. The problem is solved by using a mixed-integer linear programming model, which optimizes the different demand scenarios. The proposed methodology uses a scheme of optimization based on the generation of multiple demand scenarios of the supply network. The model is based on a real case taken from a multinational food company, which supplies to the Colombian and some international markets. The obtained results were compared with the equivalent present costs minimization scheme of the supply network, and showed the importance and efficiency of the proposed approach as an alternative for the supply chain design with stochastic parameters.
Detection of lies by facial thermal imagery analysis
Authors: Bedoya-Echeverry Sebastián , Belalcázar-Ramírez Hernán , Loaiza-Correa Humberto , Nope-Rodríguez Sandra Esperanza , Pinedo-Jaramillo Carlos Rafael , Restrepo-Girón Andrés David 
Published: January 2017

An artificial vision system is presented for lie detection by analyzing face thermal image sequences. This system represents an alternative technique to the polygraph. Some of its features are: 1) it has no physical contact with the examinee, 2) it is non-intrusive, 3) it has a potential for private use, and 4) it can simultaneously analyze several persons. The proposed system is based on the detection of physiological changes in temperature in the lacrimal puncta area caused by the subtle increase in blood flow through the nearby vascular network. These changes take place when anxiety appears as a consequence of deception. Thus, the system segments the periorbital area, and tracks consecutive frames using the Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi algorithm. The results show a success rate of 79.2 % in detecting lies using a simple classification based on the comparison between the estimated temperatures in control questions, and the rest of the interrogation procedure. The performance of this system is comparable with previous works, where cameras with better specifications were used.
Warehousing and transportation logistics of mango in Colombia: A system dynamics model
Authors: Orjuela-Castro Javier Arturo , Herrera-Ramírez Milton Mauricio , Adarme-Jaimes Wilson 
Published: January 2017

This paper evaluates the incidence of packing asymmetries, resulted from the use of heterogeneous packaging materials by different mango supply chain actors in Colombia, on performance measures of inventory, transportation, and quality. A system dynamics model was proposed based on the literature review on inventory and transportation logistics, the studies on asymmetries in supply chain, packing, and packaging, and the results of the characterization of the fruit chain logistics in various departments of Colombia from 2012 to 2013. We used the proposed model to test the following hypothesis: “The asymmetry in the packaging, derived from the actors’ individual management, creates inefficiencies that may be avoid if the packaging of the fruit is done thinking on the chain”. The developed simulation model allowed us to prove the proposed dynamic hypothesis. Forrester’s model includes four echelons for the supply chain: production, processing, wholesale, and retail, as well as warehousing, transportation and information.
Tampilan Sapi Bali yang Diberi Hijauan dan Penambahan Suplemen (Silase dan Mineral) di Pulau Malan, Katingan
Authors: Harmini Harmini , Firmansyah M. A. 
Published: January 2017

<p class="Default">Waste of rice straw is abundance available and not used as animal feed source. This study was aimed to compare the performance of Bali cattle fed by forage only and supplemented by straw silage and mineral. Total of 12 bali cattle was used. Given 30% straw silage and 4% mineral of total feed was represented by 7 Bali cattled. Amount of 5 Bali cattle was given 100% forage. Measurement of body length, chest circumference, height and daily weight gain were measured. The results showed that the length and height in the group given supplements were higher (P&lt;0,05) compared to forage only. While the bust and PBBH were higher and significantly different (P&lt;0,05). It was concludes that feeding forage and supplemented with silage and minerals can increase the chest circumference and PBBH in Bali cattle.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: rice straw, silage, minerals, Bali cattle.</p>
Precipitation Events and Management Practices Affect Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Vineyards in a Mediterranean Climate
Authors: Yu Olivia T. , Greenhut Rachel F. , O'Geen Anthony T. , Mackey Bruce , Horwath William R. , Steenwerth Kerri L. 
Published: January 2017

Core Ideas
Alleys have greater soil C and N pools than vine rows.
Soil N2O emissions increase in response to precipitation, fertigation, and irrigation.
Path analysis revealed that vineyard zone and soil texture influence N2O emissions.
Path analysis revealed that GWC influences N2O emissions.
To evaluate the effect of precipitation events, management practices, and soil type in wine grape (Vitis vinifera L. ssp. vinifera) vineyard systems and provide data for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions calculators, we monitored nine vineyards in the Lodi wine grape district, California, from April 2011 to December 2012. These commercial vineyards exist on three soil series (Redding, San Joaquin, and Tokay), representing a spectrum of soil textures and degrees of soil development. We hypothesized that soil characteristics would be a dominating factor affecting GHG fluxes, but the magnitude of fluxes would be influenced by precipitation and management events. We measured N2O fluxes, soil NO3–N and NH4–N, and gravimetric water content (GWC) from vine and intervine (alleys) rows bimonthly (April–October) and monthly (November–March). Monthly, we collected soil samples for dissolved organic C (DOC) and dissolved organic N (DON) determination. Path analysis revealed that the effects of soil type and vineyard zone on N2O emissions were influenced by soil texture (i.e., gravel and clay contents) but that this effect was mediated by GWC through soil temperature and soil inorganic N content. Management practices such as irrigation, fertigation, cover cropping, and tillage affected differences between vine rows and alleys for soil inorganic pools, DOC, and DON from June to October 2012. This 20‐mo study indicated that precipitation events strongly influenced N2O fluxes.
Parent Materials and Climate Control Secondary Mineral Distributions in Soils of Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Watanabe Tetsuhiro , Hasenaka Yosuke , Hartono Arief , Sabiham Supiandi , Nakao Atsushi , Funakawa Shinya 
Published: January 2017

Core Ideas
A unified interpretation of clay mineral distributions in Kalimantan was achieved.
The conditions under which soil clay minerals formed in Kalimantan were clarified.
Systematic sampling, considering parent material and climate, allowed clear analysis.
Thermodynamic analysis of clay mineral stability was performed.
The clarified mineralogy will allow better ecological and agricultural understanding.
It is important to clarify which factors control the distribution of secondary minerals because secondary minerals affect soil physicochemical properties. This study investigated the effects of parent materials and climate at different elevations on secondary mineral distributions in soils under a humid tropical climate with a hilly landscape and without recent volcanic activity. Soil material from B horizons was sampled at 60 sites on gentle slopes at different elevations (20–1700 m altitude). Each major parent material (sedimentary, felsic, and intermediate to mafic) was represented at different elevations. The soil samples were classified based on their total elemental compositions using cluster analysis. Secondary minerals were measured by X‐ray diffraction and selective extractions. The samples were divided into ferric (high Fe contents), K&Mg (high K, Mg, and Si), and silicic (high Si) groups. The ferric soils were derived from mafic parent materials and characterized by high Fe oxides and gibbsite contents. The K&Mg and silicic soils were derived from felsic or sedimentary parent materials and had similar secondary mineral (kaolinite and vermiculite) contents, although more mica was found in the former group. Climate affected secondary mineral distributions only in the silicic group soils; higher temperatures at lower elevations may enhance weathering and increase kaolinite and crystalline Al and Fe contents. The hilly landscape of this study is different from those of shields in tropical humid regions in Africa or South America. Here, secondary mineral distributions were primarily determined by parent material (mafic vs. felsic or sedimentary) and secondarily by climate, which varied with elevation.
A Synthesized Manganese Oxide for Easily Making Durable Manganese‐Coated IRIS Tubes
Authors: Rabenhorst Martin C. , Persing Kristine A. 
Published: January 2017

Core Ideas
We developed a new synthesis of well‐crystalline birnessite for making Mn‐coated IRIS tubes.
The Mn coating can be easily and quickly applied using a foam brush and lathe.
The Mn coating on PVC tubes has strong adhesion and good durability.
Up to 30 (50‐cm) Mn‐coated IRIS tubes can be manufactured per hour.
The speed and ease of manufacturing permits broader use of Mn‐coated IRIS tubes.
During the last decade, Indicator of Reduction in Soils (IRIS) technology has been developed whereby polyvinyl chloride (PVC) devices coated with an Fe‐oxide paint are inserted into the soil to document strongly reducing conditions. The IRIS devices are easy to use and interpret, are less prone to difficulties associated with other methods of assessing reducing soil conditions, and have been endorsed by the National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils. There has been longstanding interest in Mn‐oxide‐coated tubes, but until lately there have been insurmountable problems associated with poor adhesion and durability of the Mn‐oxide coating. Recently, workers have suggested an easily synthesized, poorly crystalline birnessite to make Mn‐coated PVC IRIS devices, but their manufacturing procedure for tubes with a durable Mn coating is cumbersome and time consuming. We have developed an easily synthesized crystalline birnessite paint that can be used to quickly make IRIS tubes with a strongly adhering and durable Mn‐oxide coating. The procedure requires a large excess of sodium lactate to reduce KMnO4 quickly, followed by centrifuge washing and 3 d of dialysis. Once adjusted to the proper consistency, the birnessite can be painted onto PVC tubing using a foam brush and a lathe‐type device, such that approximately 30 tubes can be prepared in as little as 1 h. Preliminary testing conformed with other investigations suggesting that Mn‐oxide coatings become solubilized and stripped from tubes more rapidly, and under less strongly reducing conditions, than the Fe‐oxide‐coated tubes.
Can Europe be saved?
Authors: Buttiglione Rocco 
Published: January 2017

Rocco Buttiglione w eseju Czy Europa może być zbawiona? prezentuje Unię Europejską jako piękny zamek z antycznymi malowidłami, ale… bez dachu. Obraz ten oddaje sytuację UE, która powołała wiele wspólnych instytucji i polityk, ale wciąż nie stworzyła unii politycznej, będącej warunkiem ich prawidłowego funkcjonowania. Autor ukazuje, m.in. poprzez odwołanie do przykładu Unii Walutowej czy Wspólnej Polityki Obronnej, że pytanie o chrześcijańskie korzenie Europy nie jest pytaniem abstrakcyjnym i wprost wiąże się z możliwościami powołania unii politycznej. Broni tezy, iż możliwość odrodzenia projektu integracji europejskiej zależy od tego kim jesteśmy i jak siebie pojmujemy; ostatecznie zależy od naszej gotowości traktowania innych jako naszych braci, co jest niemożliwe bez chrześcijańskiej inspiracji.
El fractal como paradigma arquitectónico: deconstrucción vs lenguaje de patrones vivientes
Authors: Sulbarán Sandoval Joely Ariagny 
Published: January 2017

Resumen: El presente estudio tiene como objetivo principal el estudio de la teoría fractal como nuevo paradigma en la Arquitectura, con el interés de fijar una posición reflexiva de la habitabilidad corporal-espacial de los seres humanos, cuyo comportamiento es de tipo fractal debido a la diversidad y a la incertidumbre que representa cada individuo. La metodología del estudio es de tipo documental no experimental, basada en la revisión de literatura concerniente al estudio de sus principales teorías, como son la teoría fractal, el deconstructivismo y el lenguaje de patrones vivientes, así como sus características, principales exponentes y teorías respectivas. La presente investigación considera que es importante la necesidad de que la arquitectura vuelva a su principio antropocéntrico, en el que el satisfacer las necesidades humanas sea su principal objetivo, para generar arquitectura más humana, al comprender y producir complejidad que responda a la diversidad cultural-corporal y permitir así un desarrollo emocional-corporal en los espacios.
___Palabras clave: Fractal, deconstructivismo, lenguaje de patrones vivos, habitabilidad.
___Abstract: The present study has as main objective the study of the fractal theory as a new paradigm in Architecture, with the interest of fixing a reflexive position of the physical-space habitability of human beings, whose behavior is fractal type due to the diversity and the uncertainty that each individual represents. The methodology of the study is non-experimental documentary, based on the literature review concerning the study of its main theories, such as fractal theory, deconstructivism and the language of living patterns, as well as its characteristics, main exponents and respective theories. The present research considers that it is important that architecture return to its anthropocentric principle, in which satisfying human needs is its main objective, to generate more human architecture, to understand and produce complexity that responds to cultural- Body and allow an emotional-corporal development in the spaces.
___Keywords: Fractal, deconstructivism, language of living patterns, habitability.
___Recibido: 27 de marzo de 2016. Aceptado: 16 de mayo de 2016.
La subjetividad de la metodología en la proyectación de la arquitectura
Authors: Martínez Osorio Pedro Arturo 
Published: January 2017

Resumen: El presente artículo presenta una reflexión sobre los procesos metodológicos utilizados en la proyectación de la Arquitectura, a partir del planteamiento de una propuesta metodológica enfocada en la investigación y aplicable al diseño arquitectónico, que fue confrontada en el año 2014, durante una experiencia de intercambio académico con la Escuela de Diseño de la Universidad Veiga de Almeida, a través de los procesos de movilidad que plantea la red Ilumno. El objetivo principal del estudio de tipo exploratorio del cual se deriva este trabajo, propone la identificación de procesos metodológicos comunes en cualquier proceso investigativo en las ciencias sociales, y su aplicabilidad a procesos metodológicos con los cuales proyectar la Arquitectura. Como resultado principal de la experiencia de contrastación de esta metodología planteada, se obtiene un pensamiento amplio con el cual abordar un problema de diseño arquitectónico. En este sentido es posible, desde la perspectiva del quehacer investigativo, entender el proceso de una manera propia, especial e inherente a cada investigador-diseñador, el cual, desde sus necesidades y procesos mentales, la apropia desde múltiples caminos hasta llegar a la respuesta más acertada como solución al problema planteado.
___Palabras clave: Pedagogía, arquitectura, investigación proyectual, subjetividad.
___Abstract: This article presents a reflection on the methodological processes used in the design process of the Architecture, based on a methodological proposal focused on research and applicable to architectural design, which was confronted in 2014, during an academic exchange experience with the School of Design of the Universidad Veiga de Almeida, through the mobility processes that the Ilumno network presents. The main objective of the exploratory study from which this work is derived, proposes the identification of methodological processes common to any research process in the social sciences and its applicability to methodological processes with which to project the Architecture. As a main result of the testing experience of this methodology, a broad thinking is obtained with which to approach a problem of architectural design. In this sense it is possible, from the perspective of the investigative task, to understand the process in a way that is unique, special and inherent to each researcher-designer, who, from his/her needs and mental processes, appropriates it from multiple paths to the more correct answer as a solution to the problem posed.
___Keywords: Pedagogy, architecture, project research, subjectivity.
___Recibido: 21 de abril de 2016. Aceptado: 23 julio 2016.