bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Short-term Complications Between 2 Methods of Coracoclavicular Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Rush Lane N. , Lake Nicholas , Stiefel Eric C. , Hobgood Edward R. , Ramsey J. Randall , O’Brien Michael J. , Field Larry D. , Savoie Felix H. 
Published: July 2016

Background: Numerous techniques have been used to treat acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation, with anatomic reconstruction of the coracoclavicular (CC) ligaments becoming a popular method of fixation. Anatomic CC ligament reconstruction is commonly performed with cortical fixation buttons (CFBs) or tendon grafts (TGs). Purpose: To report and compare short-term complications associated with AC joint stabilization procedures using CFBs or TGs. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of the operative treatment of AC joint injuries between April 2007 and January 2013 at 2 institutions. Thirty-eight patients who had undergone a procedure for AC joint instability were evaluated. In these 38 patients with a mean age of 36.2 years, 18 shoulders underwent fixation using the CFB technique and 20 shoulders underwent reconstruction using the TG technique. Results: The overall complication rate was 42.1% (16/38). There were 11 complications in the 18 patients in the CFB group (61.1%), including 7 construct failures resulting in a loss of reduction. The most common mode of failure was suture breakage (n = 3), followed by button migration (n = 2) and coracoid fracture (n = 2). There were 5 complications in the TG group (25%), including 3 cases of asymptomatic subluxation, 1 symptomatic suture granuloma, and 1 superficial infection. There were no instances of construct failure seen in TG fixations. CFB fixation was found to have a statistically significant increase in complications ( P = .0243) and construct failure ( P = .002) compared with TG fixation. Conclusion: CFB fixation was associated with a higher rate of failure and higher rate of early complications when compared with TG fixation.
Disconnects in design and infection prevention and control – how the design of products and the environment in neonatal intensive care may be undermining infection prevention practice
Authors: Trudel Chantal , Cobb Sue , Momtahan Kathryn , Brintnell Janet , Mitchell Ann 
Published: July 2016

This study examined the role design plays in infection prevention and control within an existing neonatal intensive care unit. Methods from human-centred design such as planning, stakeholder meetings and naturalistic observation were used to obtain infection prevention information related to the existing unit design, interactions with products and the environment, and perspectives of front-line staff on design. Thematic analysis was used to categorize and structure the issues that were identified. The analysis revealed that the design of products and the environment may be undermining best practice in infection prevention. Health care workers experience a variety of difficulties in maintaining the recommended barriers to infection transmission, difficulties which stem from deficiencies in products and the environment. Various aspects of the neonatal care design lack the feedback or supports needed to help health care workers differentiate or work between infection transmission zones making the design challenging to use or maintain in a manner that supports best practice in infection prevention. Identifying issues in the design of products and the environment related to infection prevention practice led to the development of a ‘Design Exploration Guide’. The guide outlines issues and strategies for remediation based on feasibility within the project constraints.
Establishing normative foot posture index values for the paediatric population: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Gijon‐Nogueron Gabriel , Montes‐Alguacil Jesus , Alfageme‐Garcia Pilar , Cervera‐Marin Jose Antonio , Morales‐Asencio Jose Miguel , Martinez‐Nova Alfonso 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe Foot Posture Index (FPI) is an observational tool designed to measure the position of the foot. Its reliability is well established, and it provides normative reference values for the general population. However, this is not so for the paediatric population. The aim of this study is to determine FPI reference values in childhood, taking into account age and gender.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 1,762 school children (863 boys and 899 girls) aged 6–11 years, from Málaga, Granada and Plasencia (Spain). In every case, FPI measurements were obtained for both feet by two experienced podiatrists. A descriptive analysis was then conducted and the percentiles of the variables determined, with a significance level of P < 0.05.ResultsThe consolidated FPI results for the sample population produced mean values of 3.74 (SD 2.93) points for the right foot and 3.83 (SD 2.92) for the left. The 50th percentile was 4 points for both genders and for both feet, except for the right foot among the girls, which was slightly lower, at 3 points. The 85th percentile, which is considered to represent the boundary between the normal and the pronated foot among children, was 6 points, uniformly among the subjects.ConclusionsAs a normative FPI value for the paediatric population, we recommend the 50th percentile, i.e. 4 points, for children, of both genders, aged 6 years. This value progressively falls with age, to 3 FPI points for children aged 11 years. The 85th percentile for the pronated foot and the 4th percentile for the supinated foot can be considered the pathological boundary.
Embryonic stem cell preconditioned microenvironment suppresses tumorigenic properties in breast cancer
Authors: He Ningning , Feng Guowei , Li Yang , Xu Yang , Xie Xiaoyan , Wang Hui , Wang Yuebing , Ou Lailiang , Pei Xuetao , Liu Na , Li Zongjin 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Background
Microenvironment is being increasingly recognized as a critical determinant in tumor progression and metastasis. However, the appropriate regulatory mechanism to maintain the normal balance between differentiation and self-renewal of the cancer cell in microenvironment is not well known.

Methods
4T1 breast cancer cells were treated with embryonic stem (ES) cell conditioned medium which was collected from mouse ES cells. Inhibition of tumor cell growth was based on the reduction of cell proliferation and viability, and inhibition of aggressive properties of tumor cells were examined using the wound-healing and mammosphere assays. The expression of stem cell-associated genes was detected by quantitative RT-PCR.

Results
We used a real-time imaging system to investigate the effect of the mouse ES cell microenvironment on aggressive breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Exposure of breast cancer cells in mouse ES cell conditioned medium resulted in inhibition of growth, migration, metastasis, and angiogenesis of cancer cells. For many tumors, aggressive properties were tightly related to Stat3 signaling activation. We specifically discovered that the ES cell microenvironment sufficiently suppressed Stat3 signaling pathway activation in aggressive tumor cells, leading to a reduction in tumorigenesis and invasiveness.

Conclusions
We identified important functions of Stat3 and their implications for antitumor effects of ES cell conditioned medium. Some factors secreted by ES cells could efficiently suppress Stat3 pathway activation in breast cancer cells, and were then involved in cancer cell growth, survival, invasion, and migration. This study may act as a platform to understand tumor cell plasticity and may offer new therapeutic strategies to inhibit breast cancer progression.
What are the impacts of manipulating grazing and browsing by ungulates on plants and invertebrates in temperate and boreal forests? A systematic review protocol
Authors: Bernes Claes , Jonsson Bengt Gunnar , Junninen Kaisa , Lõhmus Asko , Macdonald Ellen , Müller Jörg , Sandström Jennie 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Background
Livestock grazing and ‘overabundance’ of large wild herbivores in forested areas have long been perceived as conflicting with the aims of both silviculture and forest conservation; however, certain kinds of herbivory can help to maintain habitat values in forest ecosystems. Management of grazing/browsing in protected forests can, therefore, be a critical tool for biodiversity conservation. However, it is not clear what impacts of wild ungulates or livestock are tolerable or desirable in forests set aside for conservation or restoration. The primary aim of the proposed systematic review is to clarify how the diversity of plants and invertebrates is affected by manipulation of the grazing/browsing pressure by livestock or wild ungulates. The ultimate purpose of the review is to investigate whether such manipulation is useful as a means of conserving or restoring biodiversity in forest set-asides.

Methods
The review will examine primary field studies of how fencing or other kinds of manipulation of the grazing/browsing pressure by livestock or wild ungulates affects plants or invertebrates. We will consider studies made in boreal or temperate forests anywhere in the world, incorporating investigations made not only in protected areas but also in stands under commercial management. Non-intervention or alternative levels of grazing pressure will be used as comparators. Relevant outcomes include abundance, diversity and composition of plants and invertebrates, tree regeneration, and performance of focal/target species. Relevant studies will mainly be selected from a recent systematic map of the evidence on biodiversity impacts of active management in forest set-asides. A search update will be made with a subset of the search terms used for the systematic map. Searches for additional literature will be made in bibliographies of existing reviews. Relevant studies will be subject to critical appraisal and categorised as having high, medium or low susceptibility to bias. Studies with high susceptibility to bias will be excluded from the review. Useful outcomes and data on interventions and other potential effect modifiers will be extracted from included articles. A narrative synthesis will describe the quality and findings of all studies in the review. Where studies report similar outcomes, meta-analysis will be performed.
Collagen-grafted porous HDPE/PEAA scaffolds for bone reconstruction
Authors: Kim Chang-Shik , Jung Kyung-Hye , Kim Hun , Kim Chan-Bong , Kang Inn-Kyu 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
After tumor resection, bone reconstruction such as skull base reconstruction using interconnected porous structure is absolutely necessary. In this study, porous scaffolds for bone reconstruction were prepared using heat-pressing and salt-leaching methods. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) and poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid) (PEAA) were chosen as the polymer composites for producing a porous scaffold of high mechanical strength and having high reactivity with biomaterials such as collagen, respectively. The porous structure was observed through surface images, and its intrusion volume and porosity were measured. Owing to the carboxylic acids on PEAA, collagen was successfully grafted onto the porous HDPE/PEAA scaffold, which was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis. Osteoblasts were cultured on the collagen-grafted porous scaffold, and their adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation were investigated. The high viability and growth of the osteoblasts suggest that the collagen-grafted porous HDPE/PEAA is a promising scaffold material for bone generation.
Vitamin D role in smoking women and cardiac remodeling
Authors: Fidelix Melaine Priscila , Tanni Suzana Erico , Roscani Meliza Goi , Mesquita Carolina Bonfanti , Schelini Karime Nafad de Melo , Polegato Bertha Furlan , Gaiolla Paula Schmidt Azevedo , Minicucci Marcos Ferreira , Zornoff Leonardo Antonio Memede , Papini Silvia Justina , de Godoy Irma , de Paiva Sergio Alberto Rupp 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of the study is to evaluate the influence of serum vitamin D concentrations and smoking status in cardiac structure and function.MethodsThe participants of this study were healthy women smokers (n = 18, mean age 52.8 years), ex-smokers (n = 18, mean age 51.7 years), and never smokers (n = 19, mean age 44.4 years). All participants underwent assessment of body composition, dietary intake, sun exposure frequency, vitamin D serum determination, and echocardiographic assessment. All data underwent statistical analysis.ResultsThe three groups were classified as overweight. The group of ex-smokers showed significantly higher vitamin D serum concentrations. Smoker group showed a higher posterior wall thickness (PW), left ventricular mass, and left ventricular mass index (LVMI). We identified positive correlations between LVMI and smoking history, PW and vitamin D serum, and body mass index and time of smoking history. Multiple linear regressions showed positive association of smoking history and LVMI and PW, also that serum vitamin D has a positive association with PW. PW was associated with smoking history and serum vitamin D, showing a deleterious effect on the heart of both variables.ConclusionsSmoking habit in adult women was associated with cardiac remodeling, and excess of vitamin D is associated with the action of smoking on cardiac variables. Thus, higher serum vitamin D values have a deleterious effect on the heart in this model.
Recommendations for Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Surveillance for Female Survivors of Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancer: A Report From the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group in Collaboration With the PanCareSurFup Consortium
Authors: van Dorp Wendy , Mulder Renée L. , Kremer Leontien C.M. , Hudson Melissa M. , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. , van den Berg Marleen H. , Levine Jennifer M. , van Dulmen-den Broeder Eline , di Iorgi Natascia , Albanese Assunta , Armenian Saro H. , Bhatia Smita , Constine Louis S. , Corrias Andreas , Deans Rebecca , Dirksen Uta , Gracia Clarisa R. , Hjorth Lars , Kroon Leah , Lambalk Cornelis B. , Landier Wendy , Levitt Gill , Leiper Alison , Meacham Lillian , Mussa Alesandro , Neggers Sebastian J. , Oeffinger Kevin C. , Revelli Alberto , van Santen Hanneke M. , Skinner Roderick , Toogood Andrew , Wallace William H. , Haupt Riccardo 
Published: July 2016

Purpose Female survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young adult (CAYA) cancer who were treated with alkylating agents and/or radiation, with potential exposure of the ovaries, have an increased risk of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Clinical practice guidelines can facilitate these survivors’ access to optimal treatment of late effects that may improve health and quality of survival; however, surveillance recommendations vary among the existing long-term follow-up guidelines, which impedes the implementation of screening. Patients and Methods The present guideline was developed by using an evidence-based approach and summarizes harmonized POI surveillance recommendations for female survivors of CAYA cancer who were diagnosed at age < 25 years. The recommendations were formulated by an international multidisciplinary panel and graded according to the strength of the evidence and the potential benefit gained from early detection and intervention. The harmonized POI surveillance recommendations were developed by using a transparent process and are intended to facilitate care for survivors of CAYA cancer. Results and Conclusion The harmonized set of POI surveillance recommendations is intended to be scientifically rigorous, to positively influence health outcomes, and to facilitate the care for female survivors of CAYA cancer.
Trends in Obesity Prevalence in Adults With a History of Cancer: Results From the US National Health Interview Survey, 1997 to 2014
Authors: Greenlee Heather , Shi Zaixing , Sardo Molmenti Christine L. , Rundle Andrew , Tsai Wei Yann 
Published: July 2016

Purpose Obesity after a diagnosis of specific cancers has been associated with worse prognosis. We examined the trend in obesity prevalence among cancer survivors in the United States in the past two decades and compared trends with those of adults without a history of cancer. Patients and Methods This was a population-based nationally representative sample of 538,969 noninstitutionalized US adults 18 to 85 years old with and without a history of cancer who participated in annual cross-sectional National Health Interview Surveys from 1997 to 2014. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2 for non-Asians and body mass index ≥ 27.5 kg/m2 for Asians. Results Among 32,447 cancer survivors identified, the most common cancer diagnoses were breast (n = 6,948), prostate (n = 3,984), and colorectal (n = 2,546). From 1997 to 2014, the prevalence of obesity increased from 22.4% to 31.7% in cancer survivors and from 20.9% to 29.5% in adults without a history of cancer (P for trend < .001, both groups). Over this period, the estimated rate of annual increase in obesity prevalence was higher in women and men with a history of cancer compared with those without a history of cancer (all P for interaction < .001). The estimated rate of annual increase in obesity prevalence was 3.1% in female and 3.7% in male colorectal cancer survivors, 3.0% in breast cancer survivors, and 2.1% in prostate cancer survivors (all P < .001). In subgroup analyses, populations with the highest rates of increasing obesity burden were colorectal cancer survivors, breast cancer survivors, and non-Hispanic blacks. Conclusion From 1997 to 2014, obesity increased more rapidly among adult cancer survivors compared with the general population. Colorectal and breast cancer survivors and non-Hispanic blacks were identified as being at the highest risk for obesity.
When Less Is More: Data and Power in Advertising Experiments
Authors: Johnson Garrett A. , Lewis Randall A. , Reiley David H. 
Published: July 2016

Yahoo! Research partnered with a nationwide retailer to study the effects of online display advertising on both online and in-store purchases. We use a randomized field experiment on 3 million Yahoo! users who are also past customers of the retailer. We find statistically significant evidence that the retailer ads increase sales 3.6% relative to the control group. We show that control ads boost measurement precision by identifying and removing the half of in-campaign sales data that are unaffected by the ads. Less data give us 31% more precision in our estimates—equivalent to increasing our sample to 5.3 million users. By contrast, we only improve precision by 5% when we include additional covariate data to reduce the residual variance in our experimental regression. The covariate-adjustment strategy disappoints despite exceptional consumer-level data including demographics, ad exposure levels, and two years’ worth of past purchase history. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2016.0998 .
How to do things with birds: The Janus effect in theatrical adaptation
Authors: Barnette Jane 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This article offers a model for understanding the complexities of how dramaturgy intervenes in the transformative process of adapting a text for the stage. Because it combines three key media for adaptation studies (film, literature and theatre), the primary example for this discussion is the film Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance) (2014), directed and co-written by Alejandro G. Iñárritu. My analysis of Birdman and the stage adaptation featured within it (What We Talk About When We Talk About Love, by Raymond Carver) takes inspiration from the Roman god Janus, whose faces look ahead and behind, associating this ancient god with doorways (januae), archways (jani) and beginnings (January). As this article demonstrates, the Janus effect is the transformation that successful dramaturgy makes within the process and product of adaptation for the stage. Recognizing this effect helps us unfurl the multiple layers of interstitial research and creative decisionmaking that adaptations require, especially when crafted for live performance.
Parallelizing query optimization on shared-nothing architectures
Authors: Trummer Immanuel , Koch Christoph 
Published: July 2016

Data processing systems offer an ever increasing degree of parallelism on the levels of cores, CPUs, and processing nodes. Query optimization must exploit high degrees of parallelism in order not to gradually become the bottleneck of query evaluation. We show how to parallelize query optimization at a massive scale.
We present algorithms for parallel query optimization in left-deep and bushy plan spaces. At optimization start, we divide the plan space for a given query into partitions of equal size that are explored in parallel by worker nodes. At the end of optimization, each worker returns the optimal plan in its partition to the master which determines the globally optimal plan from the partition-optimal plans. No synchronization or data exchange is required during the actual optimization phase. The amount of data sent over the network, at the start and at the end of optimization, as well as the complexity of serial steps within our algorithms increase only linearly in the number of workers and in the query size. The time and space complexity of optimization within one partition decreases uniformly in the number of workers. We parallelize single- and multi-objective query optimization over a cluster with 100 nodes in our experiments, using more than 250 concurrent worker threads (Spark executors). Despite high network latency and task assignment overheads, parallelization yields speedups of up to one order of magnitude for large queries whose optimization takes minutes on a single node.
Disclosure on Related Party Transactions: Evidence from Italian Listed Companies
Authors: Bava Fabrizio , Gromis di Trana Melchiorre 
Published: July 2016

AbstractRecent shortcomings in corporate affairs, related to the bursting of the New Economy Bubble and the global financial crisis, have forced regulators to strengthen current rules introducing new bans and requirements, aimed at guaranteeing the substantial and economic fairness of related party transactions (RPTs). In 2010 rules regarding RPTs were completely reshaped by the Italian Regulatory Body for the Italian Stock Exchange (CONSOB Regulation no. 17221). One of the most important amendments regarded the change in the criteria by which RPTs are mandatorily disclosed to investors. This change replaces a selection process based on a qualitative with a quantitative approach, in order to reduce the subjectivity of this particular evaluation. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the disclosure of RPTs after the introduction of the new rules. Our results show that although the new rules contribute to increasing the amount of information disclosed to investors through a higher number of documents reported by companies, their percentage in relation to the overall amount is worryingly low.
Multiple solutions for a Kirchhoff-type equation with general nonlinearity
Authors: Lu Sheng-Sen 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the study of the following autonomous Kirchhoff-type equation:

-

M
⁢

(

∫

ℝ
N

|

∇
⁡
u

|

2

)

⁢
Δ
⁢
u

=

f
⁢

(
u
)

,

u
∈

H
1

⁢

(

ℝ
N

)

,

-M\biggl{(}\int_{\mathbb{R}^{N}}|\nabla{u}|^{2}\biggr{)}\Delta{u}=f(u),\quad u%
\in H^{1}(\mathbb{R}^{N}),

where M is a continuous non-degenerate function and

N
≥
2

{N\geq 2}

. Under suitable additional conditions on M and general Berestycki–Lions-type assumptions on the nonlinearity of f, we establish several existence results of multiple solutions by variational methods, which are also naturally interpreted from a non-variational point of view.