bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New paleomagnetic constraints on middle Miocene strike‐slip faulting along the middle Altyn Tagh Fault
Authors: Li Bingshuai , Yan Maodu , Zhang Weilin , Fang Xiaomin , Meng Qingquan , Zan Jinbo , Chen Yi , Zhang Dawen , Yang Yongpeng , Guan Chong 
Published: June 2017

AbstractKnowledge of the evolution of the Altyn Tagh Fault (ATF) has significant implications for our understanding of the tectonic deformation of the Tibetan Plateau. Controversy exists regarding the formation of the orocline‐like arcuate structures or curved thrust faults south of the ATF. In this paper, we conducted a paleomagnetic rotation study of the Akatengnengshan (AK) and Youshashan (YSS) anticlines to determine whether the changes in the anticlines' axes were caused by frictional drag associated with sinistral strike‐slip faulting along the ATF. No significant paleomagnetic rotations during the last 20 Ma were observed at the Xichagou and Laomangai localities, which are situated along the YSS anticline, whereas significant counterclockwise (CCW) rotations of ~50° that occurred between ~16.2 and 11.1 Ma were noted at the Yitunbulake locality, which lies along the western edge of the AK anticline. This amount of CCW rotation is consistent with the difference in axes between the AK and YSS anticlines. Combined with other geological evidence, we believe that the middle ATF was active between ~16 and 11 Ma. Frictional drag associated with sinistral strike‐slip motion likely resulted in the ~50° CCW rotation of the AK anticline, which was originally straight or parallel to the YSS anticline. There was concentrated or insignificant strike‐slip faulting along the middle ATF before ~16 Ma, but rapid and distributed (< 40 km) strike‐slip faulting occurred between ~16 and 11 Ma at a rate of ≥10 mm/yr, and the minimum displacement was ~50 km.
APXS‐derived chemistry of the Bagnold dune sands: Comparisons with Gale Crater soils and the global Martian average
Authors: O'Connell‐Cooper C. D. , Spray J. G. , Thompson L. M. , Gellert R. , Berger J. A. , Boyd N. I. , Desouza E. D. , Perrett G. M. , Schmidt M. , VanBommel S. J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe present Alpha‐Particle X‐ray Spectrometer (APXS) data for the active Bagnold dune field within the Gale impact crater (Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission). We derive an APXS‐based average basaltic soil (ABS) composition for Mars based on past and recent data from the MSL and Mars Exploration Rover (MER) missions. This represents an update to the Taylor and McLennan (2009) average Martian soil and facilitates comparison across Martian data sets. The active Bagnold dune field is compositionally distinct from the ABS, with elevated Mg, Ni, and Fe, suggesting mafic mineral enrichment and uniformly low levels of S, Cl, and Zn, indicating only a minimal dust component. A relationship between decreasing grain size and increasing felsic content is revealed. The Bagnold sands possess the lowest S/Cl of all Martian unconsolidated materials. Gale soils exhibit relatively uniform major element compositions, similar to Meridiani Planum and Gusev Crater basaltic soils (MER missions). However, they show minor enrichments in K, Cr, Mn, and Fe, which may signify a local contribution. The lithified eolian Stimson Formation within the Gale impact crater is compositionally similar to the ABS and Bagnold sands, which provide a modern analogue for these ancient eolian deposits. Compilation of APXS‐derived soil data reveals a generally homogenous global composition for Martian soils but one that can be locally modified due to past or extant geologic processes that are limited in both space and time.
Dental evidence for wild tuber processing among Titicaca Basin foragers 7000 ybp
Authors: Watson James T. , Haas Randall 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this work is to characterize dental wear in a skeletal sample dating to the Middle/Late Archaic period transition (8,000‐6,700 cal. B.P.) from the Lake Titicaca Basin, Peru to better define subsistence behaviors of foragers prior to incipient sedentism and food production.Materials and MethodsThe dental sample consists of 251 teeth from 11 individuals recovered from the site of Soro Mik'aya Patjxa (SMP), the earliest securely dated burial assemblage in the Lake Titicaca Basin and the only burial assemblage in the region from an unequivocal forager context. Occlusal surface wear was quantified according to Smith (1984) and Scott (1979a) to characterize diversity within the site and to facilitate comparison with other foraging groups worldwide. General linear modeling was used to assess observation error and principal axis analysis was used to compare molar wear rates and angles. Teeth were also examined for caries and specialized wear.ResultsOcclusal surface attrition is generally heavy across the dental arcade and tends to be flat among posterior teeth. Only one carious lesion was observed. Five of the 11 individuals exhibit lingual surface attrition of the maxillary anterior teeth (LSAMAT).DiscussionTooth wear rates, molar wear plane, and caries rates are consistent with terrestrial foraging and a diverse diet. The presence of LSAMAT indicates tuber processing. The results therefore contribute critical new data toward our understanding of forager diet in the Altiplano prior to plant and animal domestication in the south‐central Andes.
Layer‐by‐Layer Motif Architectures: Programmed Electrochemical Syntheses of Multilayer Mesoporous Metallic Films with Uniformly Sized Pores
Authors: Jiang Bo , Li Cuiling , Qian Huayu , Hossain Md. Shahriar A. , Malgras Victor , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAlthough multilayer films have been extensively reported, most compositions have been limited to non‐catalytically active materials (e.g. polymers, proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids). Herein, we report the preparation of binder‐free multilayer metallic mesoporous films with sufficient accessibility for high electrocatalytic activity by using a programmed electrochemical strategy. By precisely tuning the deposition potential and duration, multilayer mesoporous architectures consisting of alternating mesoporous Pd layers and mesoporous PdPt layers with controlled layer thicknesses can be synthesized within a single electrolyte, containing polymeric micelles as soft templates. This novel architecture, combining the advantages of bimetallic alloys, multilayer architectures, and mesoporous structures, exhibits high electrocatalytic activity for both the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) and the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR).
Nitrogen–Carbon Bond Formation by Reactions of a Titanium–Potassium Dinitrogen Complex with Carbon Dioxide, tert‐Butyl Isocyanate, and Phenylallene
Authors: Nakanishi Yusuke , Ishida Yutaka , Kawaguchi Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2017

AbstractNitrogen–carbon bond‐forming reactions at coordinated dinitrogen in a bifunctional titanium–potassium system are reported. A titanium atrane complex with a tris(aryloxide)methyl ligand (1) was treated with two equivalents of potassium naphthalenide under N2 atmosphere to generate a bifunctional complex (2) in which N2 binds end‐on to two titanium centers and side‐on to three potassium cations. Dinitrogen complex 2 reacted with carbon dioxide, tert‐butyl isocyanate, and phenylallene, forming nitrogen–carbon bonds and affording diverse N‐functionalized products. The reaction of 2 with CO2 followed by addition of Me3SiCl resulted in the formation of the starting complex 1 with concomitant release of silylated carboxyl hydrazines while the reaction with two equivalents of tert‐butyl isocyanate proceeded by insertion into the Ti−N bonds. Treatment of 2 with phenylallene afforded vinyl‐substituted hydrazido complexes.
Oriented Two‐Dimensional Porous Organic Cage Crystals
Authors: Jiang Shan , Song Qilei , Massey Alan , Chong Samantha Y. , Chen Linjiang , Sun Shijing , Hasell Tom , Raval Rasmita , Sivaniah Easan , Cheetham Anthony K. , Cooper Andrew I. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe formation of two‐dimensional (2D) oriented porous organic cage crystals (consisting of imine‐based tetrahedral molecules) on various substrates (such as silicon wafers and glass) by solution‐processing is reported. Insight into the crystallinity, preferred orientation, and cage crystal growth was obtained by experimental and computational techniques. For the first time, structural defects in porous molecular materials were observed directly and the defect concentration could be correlated with crystal growth rate. These oriented crystals suggest potential for future applications, such as solution‐processable molecular crystalline 2D membranes for molecular separations.
Pancake Bond Orders of a Series of π‐Stacked Triangulene Radicals
Authors: Mou Zhongyu , Kertesz Miklos 
Published: June 2017

AbstractConjugated radicals are capable of forming π‐stacking “pancake‐bonded” dimers. Members of the family of triangulene hydrocarbons, non‐Kekulé neutral multiradicals, can utilize more than one singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) to form multiple pancake‐bonded dimers with formal bond orders of up to five. The resulting dimer binding energies can be quite high and the intermolecular contacts rather small compared to the respective van der Waals values. The preferred configurations are driven by the large stabilization energy of overlapping SOMOs.
An Enzyme‐Coated Metal–Organic Framework Shell for Synthetically Adaptive Cell Survival
Authors: Liang Kang , Richardson Joseph J. , Doonan Christian J. , Mulet Xavier , Ju Yi , Cui Jiwei , Caruso Frank , Falcaro Paolo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA bioactive synthetic porous shell was engineered to enable cells to survive in an oligotrophic environment. Eukaryotic cells (yeast) were firstly coated with a β‐galactosidase (β‐gal), before crystallization of a metal–organic framework (MOF) film on the enzyme coating; thereby producing a bioactive porous synthetic shell. The β‐gal was an essential component of the bioactive shell as it generated nutrients (that is, glucose and galactose) required for cell viability in nutrient‐deficient media (lactose‐based). Additionally, the porous MOF coating carried out other vital functions, such as 1) shielding the cells from cytotoxic compounds and radiation, 2) protecting the non‐native enzymes (β‐gal in this instance) from degradation and internalization, and 3) allowing for the diffusion of molecules essential for the survival of the cells. Indeed, this bioactive porous shell enabled the survival of cells in simulated extreme oligotrophic environments for more than 7 days, leading to a decrease in cell viability less than 30 %, versus a 99 % decrease for naked yeast. When returned to optimal growth conditions the bioactive porous exoskeleton could be removed and the cells regained full growth immediately. The construction of bioactive coatings represents a conceptually new and promising approach for the next‐generation of cell‐based research and application, and is an alternative to synthetic biology or genetic modification.
3D Laser Micro‐ and Nanoprinting: Challenges for Chemistry
Authors: Barner‐Kowollik Christopher , Bastmeyer Martin , Blasco Eva , Delaittre Guillaume , Müller Patrick , Richter Benjamin , Wegener Martin 
Published: June 2017

Abstract3D printing is a powerful emerging technology for the tailored fabrication of advanced functional materials. This Review summarizes the state‐of‐the art with regard to 3D laser micro‐ and nanoprinting and explores the chemical challenges limiting its full exploitation: from the development of advanced functional materials for applications in cell biology and electronics to the chemical barriers that need to be overcome to enable fast writing velocities with resolution below the diffraction limit. We further explore chemical means to enable direct laser writing of multiple materials in one resist by highly wavelength selective (λ‐orthogonal) photochemical processes. Finally, chemical processes to construct adaptive 3D written structures that are able to respond to external stimuli, such as light, heat, pH value, or specific molecules, are highlighted, and advanced concepts for degradable scaffolds are explored.
RAFT‐mediated graft polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate in emulsion from polyethylene/polypropylene initiated with γ‐radiation
Authors: Madrid Jordan F. , Ueki Yuji , Abad Lucille V. , Yamanobe Takeshi , Seko Noriaki 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThe successful reversible addition‐fragmentation (RAFT)‐mediated graft polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) in emulsion phase from polyethylene/polypropylene nonwoven fabric using 4‐cyano‐4‐[(phenylcarbonothioyl)thio]pentanoic acid under γ‐irradiation at ambient condition is reported. While conventional graft polymerization in emulsion phase yielded grafted materials with low of grafting (Dg) values [<7.5% at 10% (wt/wt) GMA], addition of RAFT agent to the graft polymerization system allowed the synthesis of polyethylene/polypropylene‐g‐poly(GMA) with more tunable Dg (8% ≤ Dg ≤ 94%) by controlling the grafting parameters. Relatively good control (PDI ∼1.2 for selected grafting conditions) during polymerization was attained at 100:1 monomer‐to‐RAFT agent molar ratio. The number average molecular weight of free poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) increased as a function of monomer conversion. NMR analyses of the free PGMA homopolymers indicate the presence of dithiobenzoate group from 4‐cyano‐4‐((phenylcarbonothioyl)thio) pentanoic acid on the polymer chain. The reactive pendant oxirane group of the grafted GMA can be modified for various environmental and industrial applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45270.
Biomimetic porous collagen/hydroxyapatite scaffold for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Chen Li , Wu Zhenxu , Zhou Yulai , Li Linlong , Wang Yu , Wang Zongliang , Chen Yue , Zhang Peibiao 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTBone defect and osteochondral injury frequently occur due to diseases or traumatism and bring a crucial challenge in orthopedics. The hybrid scaffold has shown promise as a potential strategy for the treatment of such defects. In this study, a novel biomimetic porous collagen (Col)/hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold was fabricated through assembling layers of Col containing gradual amount of HA under the assistance of “iterative layering” freeze‐drying process. The scaffold presents a double gradient of highly interconnected porosity and HA content from top to bottom, mimicking the inherent physiological structure of bone. Owing to the biomimetic structure and component, significant increase of cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, and osteogenic differentiationin vitrowas observed, illustrating potential application of the excellent Col/HA scaffold as a promising strategy for bone tissue engineering. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2017,134, 45271.
Study the effects of Cloisite15A nanoclay incorporation on the morphology and gas permeation properties of Pebax2533 polymer
Authors: Behroozi Maryam , Pakizeh Majid 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTIn this study, mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were prepared using commercially available poly(ether‐b‐amide) (Pebax2533) as polymer matrix and organically modified montmorillonite (OMMt) as filler with the aim of investigating their gas permeation properties. The prepared membranes were characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermal gravimetric analysis, and tensile strength analyses. Gas permeation properties of all the prepared membranes were evaluated at different pressures and clay loadings. Results of FTIR and SEM confirmed the appropriate adhesion between polymer and nanoclays so that no void formation was observed in the polymer/clay interface. XRD results showed that in low loading, clay dispersion occurred as exfoliated‐intercalated and at high loading as intercalated‐phase separated. Results of gas permeation test showed that by adding layered and impermeable clay particles to the polymer matrix, the permeation of soluble CO2 gas reduced by 28% for the highest clay loading. By increasing of pressure from 2 to 6 bar, CO2/CH4 permselectivity increased at all nanoclay loadings. The highest CO2/CH4 selectivity was obtained for 6 wt % clay MMM at all pressures, while the highest CO2/H2 selectivity was achieved for neat polymer at 6 bar. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45302.
A tool for integrating genetic and mass spectrometry‐based peptide data: Proteogenomics Viewer
Authors: Kroll José Eduardo , da Silva Vandeclécio Lira , de Souza Sandro José , de Souza Gustavo Antonio 
Published: June 2017

In this manuscript we describe Proteogenomics Viewer, a web‐based tool that collects MS peptide identification, indexes to genomic sequence and structure, assigns exon usage, reports the identified protein isoforms with genomic alignments and, most importantly, allows the inspection of MS2 information for proper peptide identification. It also provides all performed indexing to facilitate global analysis of the data. The relevance of such tool is that there has been an increase in the number of proteogenomic efforts to improve the annotation of both genomics and proteomics data, culminating with the release of the two human proteome drafts. It is now clear that mass spectrometry‐based peptide identification of uncharacterized sequences, such as those resulting from unpredicted exon joints or non‐coding regions, is still prone to a higher than expected false discovery rate. Therefore, proper visualization of the raw data and the corresponding genome alignments are fundamental for further data validation and interpretation.Also see the video abstract here: http://youtu.be/5NzyRvuk4Ac
Photoluminescence properties of Ca2Al2O5:RE3+ (RE = Eu, Dy and Tb) phosphors for solid state lighting
Authors: Yerpude Atul N. , Panse Vishal R. , Dhoble Sanjay J. , Kokode Namdeo S. , Srinivas Mudavath 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCa2Al2O5:Eu3+, Ca2Al2O5:Dy3+ and Ca2Al2O5:Tb3+ phosphors were synthesized using a combustion synthesis method. The prepared phosphors were characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction for phase purity, by scanning electron microscopy for morphology, and by photoluminescence for emission and excitation measurements. The Ca2Al2O5:Eu3+ phosphors could be efficiently excited at 396 nm and showed red emission at 594 nm and 616 nm due to 5D0 → 7F1 and 5D0 → 7F2 transitions. Dy3+‐doped phosphors showed blue emission at 482 nm and yellow emission at 573 nm. Ca2Al2O5:Tb3+ phosphors showed emission at 545 nm when excited at 352 nm. Concentration quenching occurred in both Eu3+ and Dy3+phosphors at 0.5 mol%. Photoluminescence results suggested that the aluminate‐based phosphor could be a potential candidate for application in environmentally friendly based lighting technologies.
A new Schiff base as a turn‐off fluorescent sensor for Cu2+ and its photophysical properties
Authors: Torawane Pritam , Sahoo Suban K. , Borse Amulrao , Kuwar Anil 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA new Schiff base receptor 1 was synthesized and its photophysical properties were investigated by absorption, emission and excitation techniques. Furthermore, its chromogenic and fluorogenic sensing abilities towards various metal ions were examined. Receptor 1 selectively detects Cu2+ ion through fluorescence quenching and detection was not inhibited in the presence of other metal ions. From fluorescence titration, the limit of detection of receptor 1 as a fluorescent ‘turn‐off’ sensor for the analysis of Cu2+ was estimated to be 0.35 μM.
Abnormal resting state effective connectivity within the default mode network in major depressive disorder: A spectral dynamic causal modeling study
Authors: Li Liang , Li Baojuan , Bai Yuanhan , Liu Wenlei , Wang Huaning , Leung Hoi‐Chung , Tian Ping , Zhang Linchuan , Guo Fan , Cui Long‐Biao , Yin Hong , Lu Hongbing , Tan Qingrong 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIntroductionUnderstanding the neural basis underlying major depressive disorder (MDD) is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of this mental disorder. Aberrant activation and functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) have been consistently found in patients with MDD. It is not known whether effective connectivity within the DMN is altered in MDD.ObjectsThe primary object of this study is to investigate the effective connectivity within the DMN during resting state in MDD patients before and after eight weeks of antidepressant treatment.MethodsWe defined four regions of the DMN (medial frontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, left parietal cortex, and right parietal cortex) for each participant using a group independent component analysis. The coupling parameters reflecting the causal interactions among the DMN regions were estimated using spectral dynamic causal modeling (DCM).ResultsTwenty‐seven MDD patients and 27 healthy controls were included in the statistical analysis. Our results showed declined influences from the left parietal cortex to other DMN regions in the pre‐treatment patients as compared with healthy controls. After eight weeks of treatment, the influence from the right parietal cortex to the posterior cingulate cortex significantly decreased.ConclusionThese findings suggest that the reduced excitatory causal influence of the left parietal cortex is the key alteration of the DMN in patients with MDD, and the disrupted causal influences that parietal cortex exerts on the posterior cingulate cortex is responsive to antidepressant treatment.
Problems related to levodopa‐carbidopa intestinal gel treatment in advanced Parkinson's disease
Authors: Udd Marianne , Lyytinen Jukka , Eerola‐Rautio Johanna , Kenttämies Anu , Lindström Outi , Kylänpää Leena , Pekkonen Eero 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundContinuous levodopa‐carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) diminishes daily “off” time and dyskinesia in patients with advanced Parkinson′s disease (PD). Complications are common with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy with a jejunal extension tube (PEG‐J).Aim of the StudyTo report the clinical outcome of LCIG in patients with advanced PD in the years 2006–2014 at Helsinki University Hospital.Patients and MethodsLevodopa‐carbidopa intestinal gel treatment started following PEG‐J placement in patients with advanced PD after successful in‐hospital LCIG trial with a nasojejunal tube. Demographics, PEG‐J procedures, discontinuation of LCIG, complications and mortality were retrospectively analyzed.Results [mean (SD)]Sixty patients with advanced PD [age 68(7) years; duration of PD: 11(4) years] had LCIG treatment for 26(23) months. The majority of patients with advanced PD were satisfied with the LCIG treatment. For 51 patients (85%), the pump was on for 16 hr a day, and for nine patients (15%) it was on for 24 hr a day. After 6 months, the levodopa‐equivalent daily dose (LEDD) had increased by 30% compared to pre‐LCIG LEDD. Sixty patients underwent a total of 156 PEG‐J procedures, and 48 patients (80%) had a total of 143 complications. Forty‐six patients (77%) had 119 PEG‐J or peristomal complications, and 22 patients (37%) had a total of 25 other complications. The most common complications were accidental removal of the J‐tube in 23 patients (38%) and ≥5% weight loss in 18 patients (30%). Fifteen patients discontinued the LCIG after 21 (21) months. At the end of the follow‐up period of 33(27) months, 38 patients were still on LCIG and nine (15%) had died.ConclusionMost patients were satisfied with LCIG treatment. A few patients lost weight whereas the majority had complications with PEG‐J. When LCIG treatment is carried out, neurological and endoscopic units must be prepared for multiple endoscopic procedures.