bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Navigating pathways to automated personality prediction: a comparative study of small and medium language models
Authors: Habib Fatima , Ali Zeeshan , Azam Akbar , Kamran Komal , Pasha Fahad Mansoor 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionRecent advancements in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and widely available social media data have made it possible to predict human personalities in various computational applications. In this context, pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained recognition for their exceptional performance in NLP benchmarks. However, these models require substantial computational resources, escalating their carbon and water footprint. Consequently, a shift toward more computationally efficient smaller models is observed.MethodsThis study compares a small model ALBERT (11.8M parameters) with a larger model, RoBERTa (125M parameters) in predicting big five personality traits. It utilizes the PANDORA dataset comprising Reddit comments, processing them on a Tesla P100-PCIE-16GB GPU. The study customized both models to support multi-output regression and added two linear layers for fine-grained regression analysis.ResultsResults are evaluated on Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), considering the computational resources consumed during training. While ALBERT consumed lower levels of system memory with lower heat emission, it took higher computation time compared to RoBERTa. The study produced comparable levels of MSE, RMSE, and training loss reduction.DiscussionThis highlights the influence of training data quality on the model's performance, outweighing the significance of model size. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed.
Testing woodchips for their efficiency in stimulating aquatic nutrient uptake at different experimental and spatial scales
Authors: Akbari Elmira , Matjašič Tjaša , Dittrich Anna-Lisa , Attermeyer Katrin , Hood-Nowotny Rebecca , Weigelhofer Gabriele 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionWoodchips as a source of particulate organic carbon (POC) are proposed as a nature-based solution to enhance nutrient uptake and retention in agricultural streams. However, the effective implementation of woodchips for nutrient removal in streams requires an advanced understanding of their potential and limits, considering their performance under various environmental conditions. This study tested the efficiency of woodchips on the uptake of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and ammonium (N-NH4) across different experimental scales and complexity. We investigated whether the presence of woodchips can increase SRP and N-NH4 uptake in laboratory flumes under controlled conditions, outdoor flumes under semi-controlled conditions, and agricultural streams. Additionally, we examined how the effects of woodchips will change over time via a 6-week incubation in the outdoor flumes.MethodsThe woodchips were pre-colonized for four weeks to allow the growth of biofilms. We performed short-term nutrient additions without (control) and with (treatment) woodchips in all three experimental setups. Uptake parameters were determined via concentration changes over time in the laboratory flumes and concentration changes over travel distance in the outdoor flumes and the stream channels. The effects of woodchips on SRP and N-NH4 uptake rates were analyzed using an effect size model.ResultsWe found positive effects of woodchips on nutrient uptake only in the laboratory flumes but no or even negative effects in the outdoor flumes and the agricultural streams. Over the 6-week incubation in the outdoor flumes, we did not observe significant changes in the effects of woodchips on nutrient uptake.DiscussionThese findings highlight that considering experimental scales and influencing environmental conditions is crucial when testing the application of woodchips as nature-based solutions to mitigate nutrient loads in agricultural streams.
Spatial-temporal variation and influencing factors of ecological environment quality in Jilin Province (China)
Authors: Wang Feiyu , Han Yang , Xu Yaping , Zhu Ruifei , Qu Chunmei , Zhang Peng , Martin Stanton , Zhuang Lijuan , Liu Zhuxin , Zhang Jiani , Huang Fang 
Published: September 2024

Jilin Province is a crucial region of interest for agricultural and forestry development in China. The deterioration of its ecological environment could have a severe impact on agricultural production and ecological conservation. A systematic assessment of ecological environment quality in Jilin Province is essential for its sustainable development. In this study, we utilized Landsat data from 1990 to 2020 (every 5 years) to construct the Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) for Jilin Province. We applied the Sen’s slope estimator and the Mann-Kendall trend test to examine the spatiotemporal changes in ecological environment quality over a 30-year period. Additionally, we employed the Geo-detector to explore the socioeconomic and natural factors influencing ecological environment quality. The results revealed: 1) From 1990 to 2020, the average RSEI index in Jilin Province ranged from 0.586 to 0.699, indicating overall good ecological environment quality. Spatially, ecological environment quality gradually declined from east to west. 2) The RSEI in Jilin Province exhibited an initial increase, followed by a decrease, and then another increase trend. This improvement can be attributed to the implementation of government policies, which reversed the expansion of saline-alkali land. Ecological environment quality significantly improved in the western region of Jilin Province over the 30-year period. 3) Socioeconomic and natural factors both influence ecological environment quality in Jilin Province. Among these factors, vegetation coverage has the most significant impact on the ecological environment quality in the study area, with natural factors exerting a more significant influence than socioeconomic factors. Our research can provide relevant data support for policy-making in Jilin Province.
Causal relationship, shared genes between rheumatoid arthritis and pulp and periapical disease: evidence from GWAS and transcriptome data
Authors: Wu Huili , Wang Lijuan , Qiu Chenjie 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivePatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased risk of developing pulp and periapical disease (PAP), but the causal relationship and shared genetic factors between these conditions have not been explored. This study aimed to investigate the bidirectional causal relationship between RA and PAP and to analyze shared genes and pathogenic pathways.MethodsWe utilized GWAS data from the IEU Open GWAS Project and employed five Mendelian randomization methods (MR Egger, weighted median, inverse variance weighted, simple mode, and weighted mode) to investigate the bidirectional causal relationship between RA and PAP. Transcriptome data for RA and irreversible pulpitis (IRP) were obtained from the GEO database. Hub genes were identified through differential analysis, CytoHubba, machine learning (ML), and other methods. The immune infiltration of both diseases was analyzed using the ssGSEA method. Finally, we constructed a regulatory network for miRNAs, transcription factors, chemicals, diseases, and RNA-binding proteins based on the identified hub genes.ResultsRA was significantly associated with an increased risk of PAP (OR = 1.1284, 95% CI 1.0674-1.1929, p &lt; 0.001). However, there was insufficient evidence to support the hypothesis that PAP increased the risk of RA. Integrating datasets and differential analysis identified 84 shared genes primarily involved in immune and inflammatory pathways, including the IL-17 signaling pathway, Th17 cell differentiation, and TNF signaling pathway. Using CytoHubba and three ML methods, we identified three hub genes (HLA-DRA, ITGAX, and PTPRC) that are significantly correlated and valuable for diagnosing RA and IRP. We then constructed a comprehensive regulatory network using the miRDB, miRWalk, ChipBase, hTFtarget, CTD, MalaCards, DisGeNET, and ENCORI databases.ConclusionRA may increase the risk of PAP. The three key genes, HLA-DRA, ITGAX, and PTPRC, have significant diagnostic value for both RA and IRP.
Integrating multi-omics and machine learning survival frameworks to build a prognostic model based on immune function and cell death patterns in a lung adenocarcinoma cohort
Authors: Xie Yiluo , Chen Huili , Tian Mei , Wang Ziqang , Wang Luyao , Zhang Jing , Wang Xiaojing , Lian Chaoqun 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe programmed cell death (PCD) plays a key role in the development and progression of lung adenocarcinoma. In addition, immune-related genes also play a crucial role in cancer progression and patient prognosis. However, further studies are needed to investigate the prognostic significance of the interaction between immune-related genes and cell death in LUAD.MethodsIn this study, 10 clustering algorithms were applied to perform molecular typing based on cell death-related genes, immune-related genes, methylation data and somatic mutation data. And a powerful computational framework was used to investigate the relationship between immune genes and cell death patterns in LUAD patients. A total of 10 commonly used machine learning algorithms were collected and subsequently combined into 101 unique combinations, and we constructed an immune-associated programmed cell death model (PIGRS) using the machine learning model that exhibited the best performance. Finally, based on a series of in vitro experiments used to explore the role of PSME3 in LUAD.ResultsWe used 10 clustering algorithms and multi-omics data to categorize TCGA-LUAD patients into three subtypes. patients with the CS3 subtype had the best prognosis, whereas patients with the CS1 and CS2 subtypes had a poorer prognosis. PIGRS, a combination of 15 high-impact genes, showed strong prognostic performance for LUAD patients. PIGRS has a very strong prognostic efficacy compared to our collection. In conclusion, we found that PSME3 has been little studied in lung adenocarcinoma and may be a novel prognostic factor in lung adenocarcinoma.DiscussionThree LUAD subtypes with different molecular features and clinical significance were successfully identified by bioinformatic analysis, and PIGRS was constructed using a powerful machine learning framework. and investigated PSME3, which may affect apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma cells through the PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathway.
Identification and mechanistic analysis of neurovascular coupling related biomarkers for diabetic macular edema
Authors: Chen Tianpeng , Sheng Shufan , Chen Jing , Wang Xiaole , Shang Yanxing , Duan Chengwei , Liang Caixia , Song Yu , Zhang Dongmei 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionDiabetic macular edema (DME) is a major cause of vision loss in the sick with diabetic retinopathy. The occurrence of DME is closely related to the breakdown of neurovascular coupling; however, its underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic biomarkers and potential molecular mechanisms associated with neurovascular coupling in DME.MethodsThe differential expression analysis, STEM, and WGCNA were performed from GSE160306 to identify hub genes. The gene expression was validated by RT-qPCR. The relevant mechanisms of action were investigated through GO, KEGG, and GSEA analyses, as well as co-expression networks. Additionally, the LASSO regression analysis and a nomogram were used to demonstrate the diagnostic effectiveness of the model. Finally, the GenDoma platform was utilized to identify drugs with potential therapeutic effects on DME.ResultsNeurotrophic factor receptor (NGFR) was identified as a hub gene related to neurovascular coupling and DME. The expression of NGFR was verified by RT-qPCR in vitro cells. GSEA analysis indicated that high expression of NGFR may affect immunity and inflammatory pathway, thereby regulating neurovascular coupling and mediating the development of DME. The NGFR co-expression network was constructed, which exhibited the correlation with the neurotrophin signaling pathway. Moreover, a diagnostic model for DME based on NGFR and PREX1 demonstrated relatively good diagnostic performance using LASSO regression analysis and the nomogram. And then the GenDoma platform identified drugs with potential therapeutic effects on DME.ConclusionThe high expression of NGFR may lead to abnormal neurovascular coupling and participate in the occurrence of DME by regulating the immunity, inflammatory and neurotrophin signaling pathway. Detection of NGFR and related expression genes may be beneficial for monitoring the occurrence and development of DME.
Electrically evoked late latency response using single electrode stimulation and its relation to speech perception among paediatric cochlear implant users
Authors: Saravanan Palani , Devi Neelamegarajan , Geetha Chinnaraj 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionAided auditory late latency response (LLR) serves as an objective tool for evaluating auditory cortical maturation following cochlear implantation in children. While aided LLR is commonly measured using sound-field acoustic stimulation, recording electrically evoked LLR (eLLR) offer distinct advantages, such as improved stimulus control and the capability for single electrode stimulation. Hence, the study aimed to compare eLLR responses with single electrode stimulation in the apical, middle, and basal regions and to evaluate their relationship with speech perception in paediatric cochlear implant (CI) recipients.MethodeLLR responses with single electrode stimulation were measured in 27 paediatric unilateral CI users with an active recording electrode placed at Cz. The stimuli consisted of 36 msec biphasic pulse trains presented across three electrode sites (apical-E20, middle-E11, and basal-E03). eLLR responses were compared across these electrode sites, and the relationship between speech recognition scores in quiet and age at implantation with eLLR components was evaluated.ResultseLLR responses were detected in 77 out of 81 tested electrodes of all participants combined (27 for apical, 26 for middle, and 24 for basal stimulation). There were no significant differences in P1, N1 latencies and P1 amplitude across electrode site. However, significantly larger N1 and P1-N1 amplitudes were observed for apical stimulations compared to basal stimulations. No differences in N1 amplitude were found between middle and apical stimulations, and the P1-N1 amplitude was significantly larger for middle compared to basal electrode stimulation, with no difference between the apical and middle electrodes stimulation. A moderate positive correlation was present between speech recognition scores in quiet and both N1, P1-N1 amplitudes for apical stimulation. Age at implantation was negatively correlated with N1 amplitude for the apical and P1-N1 amplitude for basal stimulation.DiscussioneLLR responses could be elicited in majority of paediatric CI users across electrode sites. Variations in eLLR responses across electrode sites suggest disparities in auditory cortical maturation. The findings underscore the significance of the N1 biomarker in evaluating higher-order auditory cortical development. Therefore, utilizing eLLR with single electrode stimulation may serve as a valuable tool for assessing post-cochlear implantation maturational changes in paediatric populations.
Trends and development in perioperative enteral nutrition: a systematic bibliometric analysis
Authors: Luo Chen , Yin Jianing , Sha Yuejiao , Gong Wei , Shen Ling 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThis research aims to explore the intellectual landscape of studies in perioperative enteral nutrition (PEN) and identify trends and research frontiers in the field.MethodsScientometric research was conducted through the analysis of bibliographic records from the Web of Science Core Collection Database for the period 2014–2023. Analyses performed using CiteSpace software included cooperation network analysis, reference co-citation analysis, and keywords co-occurrence analysis.ResultsThe analysis included 3,671 valid records in the final dataset. Findings indicate an upward trend in annual publications, with the United States leading in research output and Harvard University as the top publishing institution. The Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition was identified as the most productive journal. Notable research hotspots include enhanced recovery after surgery, early enteral nutrition, intestinal failure, short bowel syndrome, abdominal surgery. Evidence-based articles have emerged as the predominant literature type. Future research trends are anticipated to focus on gut microbiota and patients with congenital heart disease.ConclusionOur study provides a comprehensive analysis of the publication volume, contributions by country/region and institutions, journal outlets, and reference and keyword clusters in the field of PEN over the decade. The findings provide valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and clinicians, helping them comprehend the research landscape, identify gaps, and shape future research directions in this field.
Effect of different harvest times and processing methods on the vitamin content of Leymus
Authors: Wang Yifan , Chen Xue , Zhuo Xingliang , Wang Lei , Jia Tingting , Ji Fangcai , Zhang Hongrui , Yu Zhu 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different harvest times and processing methods on the B vitamins and α-tocopherol contents of Leymus chinensis (Trin.).MethodsL. chinensis was harvested on 11 July (T1 group), 16 July (T2 group), 21 July (T3 group), 26 July (T4 group), and 31 July (T5 group) in 2022 and processed using natural drying and silage fermentation to evaluate fermentation quality, chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and vitamin content.ResultsThe fermentation quality of L. chinensis silage prepared at all five times of harvest was better. The silage fermentation group showed a significant increase (p &lt; 0.05) in crude protein (CP), thiamin, riboflavin, pyridoxine and α-tocopherol content, a significant decrease (p &lt; 0.05) in water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content, and small differences in neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), niacin and pantothenic acid content, when compared to the natural drying group. The content of thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid and pyridoxine were higher in the pre-harvest period. In silage fermentation, the loss rate of thiamin, riboflavin and pyridoxine was positively correlated with pH and WSC, and the loss rate of thiamin and riboflavin was negatively correlated with lactic acid content. The loss rate of pantothenic acid was negatively correlated with pH and WSC, and positively correlated with lactic acid and ammonia nitrogen. The rate of α-tocopherol synthesis exceeded the rate of catabolism.ConclusionThe content of CP, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid and pyridoxine were higher during the early harvest period. Silage fermentation preserved the chemical composition and vitamin content of L. chinensis better than natural drying and had no effect on in vitro digestibility. During silage fermentation, the acidic environment promoted the preservation of thiamin, riboflavin and pyridoxine, but promoted the breakdown of pantothenic acid, α-tocopherol content increased through synthesis.
Assessing the impact of dietary choices on fiber deficiency: insights from the 2017–2020 Polish national adult nutrition survey
Authors: Kucharska Alicja , Sińska Beata Irena , Panczyk Mariusz , Samel-Kowalik Piotr , Szostak-Węgierek Dorota , Raciborski Filip , Samoliński Bolesław , Traczyk Iwona 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionDietary fiber is a key component of a healthy diet, associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, certain cancers, chronic inflammation, or depression. The aim of the study was to perform an in-depth analysis of dietary fiber intake in the Polish population, taking account of the consumption of groups of products that are fiber sources and identify any age-related differences in the dietary fiber intake of the subjects.MethodsWe analyzed data obtained from two representative cross-sectional studies on the diet and nutritional status of adult Polish residents including the total of 4,000 individuals aged 19 years and more. Two 24-h recalls were used per individual to assess the diet using the computer-assisted personal interview (CAPI) technique. Total fiber content and fiber contained in cereal products, vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts and seeds were calculated. Fiber intake was compared to the recommendations: 25 g/d for adults up to 65 years of age and 20 g/d for those aged 66 years and older. All statistical analyses, including the Pearson’s chi-squared test, the Student’s t-test, and the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), were conducted using STATISTICA™ version 13.3, with the results being adjusted for demographic distribution biases to enhance the representativeness.ResultsThe average daily fiber intake was 17.83 ± 0.14 g/day (78% of the recommended intake), with 20.5% of respondents meeting the requirement. More men than women (27.05% vs. 14.3%;) met the requirement and men were characterized by a higher average intake (19.34 ± 0.20 g/day) than women (16.43 ± 0.19 g/day). The main fiber sources were cereals (44.1%), vegetables (23.6%), and fruits (16.0%). As regards men, the sources included refined bread (25.8%), vegetables (23.1%), and fruits (10.2%) and for women, they were vegetables (24.0%), fruits (17.2%), and refined bread (16.3%). Although refined bread is not recommended as a primary fiber source due to its lower fiber content compared to whole grain bread, its high consumption significantly contributed to the total fiber intake.ConclusionThe prevalence of widespread dietary fiber deficiency calls for the intensification of educational efforts that address the health advantages and sources of dietary fiber, as well as methods for its inclusion in daily meals.
Analysis of dietary inflammatory potential and mortality in cancer survivors using NHANES data
Authors: Wu Yemei , Yi Jing , Zhang Qu 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundIn the United States, cancer is a leading cause of mortality, with inflammation playing a crucial role in cancer progression and prognosis. Diet, with its capacity to modulate inflammatory responses, represents a potentially modifiable risk factor in cancer outcomes.MethodsThis study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 1999–2018) to investigate the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), which reflects dietary-induced inflammation, and mortality among cancer survivors. A total of 3,011 participants diagnosed with cancer were included, with DII scores derived from dietary recall data. All-cause and cancer-related mortalities served as primary endpoints.ResultsThe study identified a significant linear positive correlation between higher DII scores and all-cause mortality among cancer survivors. Each unit increase in DII was associated with a 10% higher risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] per 1-unit increase, 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–1.15). Similarly, a unit increase in DII was associated with a 13% higher risk of cancer-related mortality (HR per 1-unit increase, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.02–1.25). Kaplan–Meier analyses demonstrated higher all-cause mortality rates in individuals with elevated DII scores. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings.ConclusionAdoption of an anti-inflammatory diet, characterized by lower DII scores, may improve survival outcomes in cancer survivors. These results emphasize the critical role of dietary interventions in post-cancer care.