bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apontamentos sobre a contribuição da sociologia das formas de Franco Moretti para os estudos em jornalismo
Authors: Silva Marcos Paulo Da 
Published: September 2017

The paper presents notes about the theoretical-methodological contribution of literary critic Franco Moretti’s sociology of forms to journalism studies. The discussion supports itself on two background hypotheses from the author’s work: i) certain aesthetic-expressive pattern just disseminates itself when it finds support on broader cultural patterns; ii) the symbolic codification process of such cultural patterns do not stablish only on content plan, but on own form, on the aesthetic-expressive dimension of narration. Moreover, the article lists six theoretical-methodological premises for an interdisciplinary interface with journalistic field.
Circular Noncoding RNA HIPK3 Mediates Retinal Vascular Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Shan Kun , Liu Chang , Liu Bai-Hui , Chen Xue , Dong Rui , Liu Xin , Zhang Yang-Yang , Liu Ban , Zhang Shu-Jie , Wang Jia-Jian , Zhang Sheng-Hai , Wu Ji-Hong , Zhao Chen , Yan Biao 
Published: September 2017

Background:
The vascular complications of diabetes mellitus are the major causes of morbidity and mortality among people with diabetes. Circular RNAs are a class of endogenous noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression in eukaryotes. In this study, we investigated the role of circular RNA in retinal vascular dysfunction induced by diabetes mellitus.

Methods:
Quantitative polymerase chain reactions, Sanger sequencing, and Northern blots were conducted to detect circular HIPK3 (circHIPK3) expression pattern on diabetes mellitus–related stresses. MTT (3-[4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assays, EdU (5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine) incorporation assays, Transwell migration assays, and Matrigel assays were conducted to detect the role of circHIPK3 in retinal endothelial cell function in vitro. Retinal trypsin digestion, vascular permeability assays, and ELISA assays were conducted to detect the role of circHIPK3 in retinal vascular dysfunction in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis, luciferase activity assays, RNA pull-down assays, and in vitro studies were conducted to reveal the mechanism of circHIPK3-mediated retinal vascular dysfunction.

Results:
circHIPK3 expression was significantly upregulated in diabetic retinas and retinal endothelial cells following stressors related to diabetes mellitus. circHIPK3 silencing or overexpressing circHIPK3 changed retinal endothelial cell viability, proliferation, migration, and tube formation in vitro. circHIPK3 silencing in vivo alleviated retinal vascular dysfunction, as shown by decreased retinal acellular capillaries, vascular leakage, and inflammation. circHIPK3 acted as an endogenous miR-30a-3p sponge to sequester and inhibit miR-30a-3p activity, which led to increased vascular endothelial growth factor-C, FZD4, and WNT2 expression. Ectopic expression of miR-30a-3p mimicked the effect of circHIPK3 silencing on vascular endothelial phenotypes in vivo and in vitro.

Conclusions:
The circular RNA circHIPK3 plays a role in diabetic retinopathy by blocking miR-30a function, leading to increased endothelial proliferation and vascular dysfunction. These data suggest that circular RNA is a potential target to control diabetic proliferative retinopathy.
Improving Outcomes of Witnessed Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest After Implementation of International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation 2010 Consensus: A Nationwide Prospective Observational Population‐Based Study
Authors: Kaneko Hidehiro , Hara Masahiko , Mizutani Kazuki , Yoshiyama Minoru , Yokoi Kensuke , Kabata Daijiro , Shintani Ayumi , Kitamura Tetsuhisa 
Published: September 2017

Background

The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (
ILCOR
) periodically updates the consensus recommendations for cardiopulmonary resuscitation to improve the outcomes of out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (
OHCA
). However, little is known about the differences in outcomes of witnessed
OHCA
following the publication of the
ILCOR
2010 and the
ILCOR
2005 recommendations.

Methods and Results

We enrolled 241 990 adults who experienced witnessed
OHCA
between 2007 and 2013 from a prospective, nation‐wide, population‐based cohort database in Japan. We compared neurologically favorable 1‐month survival and 1‐month survival rates post‐
OHCA
by dividing the study period into 2 categories: the
ILCOR
2005 period and
ILCOR
2010 period. The associations between guideline periods and outcomes were estimated using multivariable logistic regression analysis and reported as adjusted odds ratio and 95%
CI
. Among 241 990 patients examined in this study,
OHCA
was witnessed in 44 706 patients (18%) by emergency medical service personnel and in 197 284 patients (82%) by citizens. Compared with the
ILCOR
2005 period, the neurologically favorable 1‐month survival rate improved from 4.6% to 5.2% (adjusted odds ratio, 1.54; 95%
CI
, 1.42–1.67;
P
<0.001), and the 1‐month survival rate improved from 9.0% to 9.7% (adjusted odds ratio, 1.34; 95%
CI
, 1.27–1.42;
P
<0.001) in the
ILCOR
2010 period. These improvements were also shown in patients receiving conventional versus compression‐only cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Conclusions

Outcomes of witnessed
OHCA
were better in the
ILCOR
2010 period than those in the
ILCOR
2005 period. Our results can provide baseline data for many future prospective studies.
Hypo‐Attenuated Leaflet Thickening and Reduced Leaflet Motion in Sutureless Bioprosthetic Aortic Valves
Authors: Dalén Magnus , Sartipy Ulrik , Cederlund Kerstin , Franco‐Cereceda Anders , Svensson Anders , Themudo Raquel , Svenarud Peter , Bacsovics Brolin Elin 
Published: September 2017

Background

The prevalence of hypo‐attenuated leaflet thickening (
HALT
) and reduced leaflet motion (
RLM
) is unknown in surgically implanted bioprostheses because systematic investigation of
HALT
and/or
RLM
is limited to a few catheter‐based valves. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of
HALT
and
RLM
by cardiac computed tomography in patients who underwent surgical aortic valve replacement and received a Perceval sutureless aortic valve bioprosthesis.

Methods and Results

This was a single‐center prospective observational study that included 47 patients (83.5% of the total number of implantations) who underwent surgical aortic valve replacement with implantation of the Perceval sutureless bioprosthesis (LivaNova PLC, London, UK) at Karolinska University Hospital in Stockholm, Sweden from 2012 to 2016 and were studied by cardiac computed tomography. Cardiac computed tomography was performed at a median of 491 days (range 36–1247 days) postoperatively.
HALT
was found in 18 (38%) patients and
RLM
in 13 (28%) patients. All patients with
RLM
had
HALT
. Among patients with
HALT
, 5 out of 18 patients (28%) were treated with anticoagulation (warfarin or any novel oral anticoagulant) at the time of cardiac computed tomography. Among patients with
RLM
, 3 out of 13 patients (23%) were treated with anticoagulation.

Conclusions

HALT
and
RLM
were prevalent in the surgically implanted Perceval sutureless aortic valve bioprosthesis. Both
HALT
and
RLM
were found in patients with ongoing anticoagulation treatment. Whether these findings are associated with adverse events needs further study.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
02671474.
Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure US Ambulatory Cardiology Practices and the Potential for Uptake of Catheter Ablation: An National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR
®
) Research to Practice (R2P) Project
Authors: Mathew Jehu S. , Marzec Lucas N. , Kennedy Kevin F. , Jones Philip G. , Varosy Paul D. , Masoudi Frederick A. , Maddox Thomas M. , Allen Larry A. 
Published: September 2017

Background

Atrial fibrillation (
AF
) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction frequently coexist. The AATAC (Ablation versus Amiodarone for Treatment of persistent Atrial fibrillation in patients with Congestive heart failure and an implantable device) trial suggests that catheter ablation may benefit these patients. However, applicability to contemporary ambulatory cardiology practice is unknown.

Methods and Results

Using the outpatient National Cardiovascular Data Registry
®
Practice Innovation and Clinical Excellence Registry, we identified participants meeting
AATAC
enrollment criteria between 2013 and 2014. Treatment with medications and procedures was assessed at registry inclusion. From 164 166 patients with
AF
and heart failure, 8483 (7%) patients potentially met
AATAC
inclusion criteria. Eligible subjects, compared to
AATAC
trial participants, were older (mean age, 71.2±11.4 years) and had greater comorbidity (coronary artery disease 79.2%, hypertension 82.4%, and diabetes mellitus 31.8%).
AF
was predominantly paroxysmal (65.5%), rather than persistent/permanent (16.7%) or new onset (17.8%), whereas all patients in the
AATAC
trial had persistent
AF
. Commonly used atrioventricular‐nodal blocking agents were carvedilol (71.2%), digoxin (31.9%), and metoprolol (27.1%). Rhythm control with anti‐arrhythmic drugs was reported in 29.0% of
AATAC
eligible patients (predominantly amiodarone [24.6%]) and 9.3% had undergone catheter ablation. Patients who underwent ablation were more likely to be younger and have less comorbidities than those who did not.

Conclusions

Among the contemporary ambulatory AF/heart failure with reduced ejection fraction population, treatment is predominantly rate control with few catheter ablations. Application of
AATAC
findings has the potential to markedly increase the use of catheter ablation in this population, although significant differences in clinical profiles might influence ablation outcomes in practice.
Prevalence and Characteristics of Carotid Artery High‐Risk Atherosclerotic Plaques in Chinese Patients With Cerebrovascular Symptoms: A Chinese Atherosclerosis Risk Evaluation II Study
Authors: Zhao Xihai , Hippe Daniel S. , Li Rui , Canton Gador M. , Sui Binbin , Song Yan , Li Feiyu , Xue Yunjing , Sun Jie , Yamada Kiyofumi , Hatsukami Thomas S. , Xu Dongxiang , Wang Maoxue , Yuan Chun ,   the CARE‐II Study Collaborators
Published: September 2017

Background

Carotid atherosclerotic plaque rupture is an important source of ischemic stroke. However, the prevalence of high‐risk plaque (
HRP
) defined as plaques with luminal surface disruption, a lipid‐rich necrotic core occupying >40% of the wall, or intraplaque hemorrhage in Chinese population remains unclear. This study uses carotid magnetic resonance imaging (
CMRI
) to investigate
HRP
prevalence in carotid arteries of Chinese patients with cerebrovascular symptoms.

Methods and Results

Patients with cerebral ischemic symptoms in the anterior circulation within 2 weeks and carotid plaque determined by ultrasound were recruited and underwent
CMRI
. The
HRP
features were identified and compared between symptomatic and asymptomatic arteries. Receiver‐operating‐characteristic analysis was used to calculate area‐under‐the‐curve (
AUC
) of stenosis and maximum wall thickness for discriminating presence of
HRP
. In 1047 recruited subjects,
HRP
detected by
CMRI
was nearly 1.5 times more prevalent than severe stenosis (≥50%) in this cohort (28% versus 19%,
P
<0.0001). Approximately two thirds of
HRP
s were found in arteries with <50% stenosis. The prevalence of
HRP
in symptomatic carotid arteries was significantly higher than that of the contralateral asymptomatic carotid arteries (23.0% versus 16.4%,
P
=0.001). Maximum wall thickness was found to be a stronger discriminator than stenosis for
HRP
(
AUC
: 0.93 versus 0.81,
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions
There are significantly more high‐risk carotid plaques than carotid arteries with ≥50% stenosis in symptomatic Chinese patients. A substantial number of HRPs were found in arteries with lower grade stenosis and maximum wall thickness was a stronger indicator for HRP than luminal stenosis.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/
. Unique identifier:
NCT
02017756.
Microstructural Alterations and Oligodendrocyte Dysmaturation in White Matter After Cardiopulmonary Bypass in a Juvenile Porcine Model
Authors: Stinnett Gary R. , Lin Stephen , Korotcov Alexandru V. , Korotcova Ludmila , Morton Paul D. , Ramachandra Shruti D. , Pham Angeline , Kumar Sonali , Agematsu Kota , Zurakowski David , Wang Paul C. , Jonas Richard A. , Ishibashi Nobuyuki 
Published: September 2017

Background

Newly developed white matter (
WM
) injury is common after cardiopulmonary bypass (
CPB
) in severe/complex congenital heart disease. Fractional anisotropy (
FA
) allows measurement of macroscopic organization of
WM
pathology but has rarely been applied after
CPB
. The aims of our animal study were to define
CPB
‐induced
FA
alterations and to determine correlations between these changes and cellular events after congenital heart disease surgery.

Methods and Results

Normal porcine
WM
development was first assessed between 3 and 7 weeks of age: 3‐week‐old piglets were randomly assigned to 1 of 3
CPB
‐induced insults.
FA
was analyzed in 31
WM
structures.
WM
oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia were assessed immunohistologically. Normal porcine
WM
development resembles human
WM
development in early infancy. We found region‐specific
WM
vulnerability to insults associated with
CPB
.
FA
changes after
CPB
were also insult dependent. Within various
WM
areas,
WM
within the frontal cortex was susceptible, suggesting that
FA
in the frontal cortex should be a biomarker for
WM
injury after
CPB
.
FA
increases occur parallel to cellular processes of
WM
maturation during normal development; however, they are altered following surgery.
CPB
‐induced oligodendrocyte dysmaturation, astrogliosis, and microglial expansion affect these changes.
FA
enabled capturing
CPB
‐induced cellular events 4 weeks postoperatively. Regions most resilient to
CPB
‐induced
FA
reduction were those that maintained mature oligodendrocytes.

Conclusions
Reducing alterations of oligodendrocyte development in the frontal cortex can be both a metric and a goal to improve neurodevelopmental impairment in the congenital heart disease population. Studies using this model can provide important data needed to better interpret human imaging studies.
Clinical Outcomes of Deferred Lesions With Angiographically Insignificant Stenosis But Low Fractional Flow Reserve
Authors: Lee Joo Myung , Koo Bon‐Kwon , Shin Eun‐Seok , Nam Chang‐Wook , Doh Joon‐Hyung , Hu Xinyang , Ye Fei , Chen Shaoliang , Yang Junqing , Chen Jiyan , Tanaka Nobuhiro , Yokoi Hiroyoshi , Matsuo Hitoshi , Takashima Hiroaki , Shiono Yasutsugu , Hwang Doyeon , Park Jonghanne , Kim Kyung‐Jin , Akasaka Takashi , Wang Jianan 
Published: September 2017

Background

Data are limited regarding outcomes of deferred lesions in patients with angiographically insignificant stenosis but low fractional flow reserve (
FFR
). We investigated the natural history of angiographically insignificant stenosis with low
FFR
among patients who underwent routine 3‐vessel
FFR
measurement.

Methods and Results

From December 2011 to March 2014, 1136 patients with 3298 vessels underwent routine 3‐vessel
FFR
measurement (3V
FFR
‐
FRIENDS
study,
ClinicalTrials.gov
identifier
NCT
01621438), and this study analyzed the 2‐year clinical outcomes of 1024 patients with 2124 lesions with angiographically insignificant stenosis (percentage of diameter stenosis <50%), in which revascularization was deferred. All lesions were classified according to
FFR
values, using a cutoff of 0.80 (high
FFR
>0.80 versus low
FFR
≤0.80). The primary end point was outcome of major adverse cardiovascular events (a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and ischemia‐driven revascularization) at 2 years. Mean angiographic percentage of diameter stenosis and
FFR
of total lesions were 32.5±10.3% and 0.91±0.08%, respectively. Among the total lesions with angiographically insignificant stenosis, 8.7% showed low
FFR
(185 lesions). The incidence of lesions with low
FFR
was 2.5%, 3.8%, 9.0%, and 15.1% in categories of percentage of diameter stenosis <20%, 20% to 30%, 30% to 40%, and 40% to 50%, respectively. At 2‐year follow‐up, the low‐
FFR
group showed a significantly higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events compared with the high
FFR
group (3.3% versus 1.2%, hazard ratio: 3.371; 95%
CI,
1.346–8.442;
P
=0.009). In multivariable analysis, low
FFR
was the most powerful independent predictor of future
MACE
in deferred lesions with angiographically insignificant stenosis (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.617; 95%
CI
, 1.026–6.679;
P
=0.044).

Conclusions

In deferred angiographically insignificant stenosis, lesions with low
FFR
showed significantly higher event rates than those with high
FFR
.
FFR
was an independent predictor of future major adverse cardiovascular events in lesions with angiographically insignificant stenosis.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
01621438.
Blood Pressure Response to Main Renal Artery and Combined Main Renal Artery Plus Branch Renal Denervation in Patients With Resistant Hypertension
Authors: Fengler Karl , Ewen Sebastian , Höllriegel Robert , Rommel Karl‐Philipp , Kulenthiran Saaraaken , Lauder Lucas , Cremers Bodo , Schuler Gerhard , Linke Axel , Böhm Michael , Mahfoud Felix , Lurz Philipp 
Published: September 2017

Background

Single‐electrode ablation of the main renal artery for renal sympathetic denervation showed mixed blood pressure (
BP
)‐lowering effects. Further improvement of the technique seems crucial to optimize effectiveness of the procedure. Because sympathetic nerve fibers are closer to the lumen in the distal part of the renal artery, treatment of the distal main artery and its branches has been shown to reduce variability in treatment effects in preclinical studies and a recent randomized trial. Whether this optimized technique improves clinical outcomes remains uncertain. We report a 2‐center experience of main renal artery and combined main renal artery plus branches renal denervation in patients with resistant hypertension using a multielectrode catheter.

Methods and Results

Twenty‐five patients with therapy‐resistant hypertension underwent renal sympathetic denervation with combined main renal artery and renal branch ablation and were compared to matched controls undergoing an ablation of the main renal artery only.
BP
change was assessed by ambulatory measurement at baseline and after 3 months. At baseline,
BP
was balanced between the groups. After 3 months,
BP
changed significantly in the combined ablation group (systolic/diastolic 24‐hour mean and daytime mean
BP
−8.5±9.8/−7.0±10.7 and −9.4±9.8/−7.1±13.5 mm Hg,
P
<0.001/0.003 and <0.001/0.016, respectively), but not in patients with main artery treatment (−3.5±11.1/−2.0±7.6 and −2.8±10.9/−1.8±7.7 mm Hg,
P
=0.19/0.20 and 0.19/0.24, respectively). Systolic daytime
BP
was significantly more reduced in patients with combined ablation than in patients with main artery ablation (
P
=0.033).

Conclusions

Combined ablation of the main renal artery and branches appears to improve
BP
‐lowering efficacy and should be further investigated.
Prognostic Value of the CHADS
2
Score for Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Coronary Artery Disease Patients Without Atrial Fibrillation—A Multi‐Center Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Tabata Noriaki , Yamamoto Eiichiro , Hokimoto Seiji , Yamashita Takayoshi , Sueta Daisuke , Takashio Seiji , Arima Yuichiro , Izumiya Yasuhiro , Kojima Sunao , Kaikita Koichi , Matsui Kunihiko , Fujimoto Kazuteru , Sakamoto Kenji , Shimomura Hideki , Tsunoda Ryusuke , Hirose Toyoki , Nakamura Natsuki , Sakaino Naritsugu , Nakamura Shinichi , Yamamoto Nobuyasu , Matsumura Toshiyuki , Kajiwara Ichiro , Koide Shunichi , Sakamoto Tomohiro , Nakao Koichi , Oshima Shuichi , Tsujita Kenichi ,   Kumamoto Intervention Conference Study (KICS) Investigators
Published: September 2017

Background

The
CHADS
2
score has mainly been used to predict the likelihood of cerebrovascular accidents in patients with atrial fibrillation. However, increasing attention is being paid to this scoring system for risk stratification of patients with coronary artery disease. We investigated the value of the
CHADS
2
score in predicting cardiovascular/cerebrovascular events in coronary artery disease patients without atrial fibrillation.

Methods and Results

This was a multicenter, observational cohort study. The subjects had been admitted to one of the participating institutions with coronary artery disease requiring percutaneous coronary intervention. We calculated the
CHADS
2
scores for 7082 patients (mean age, 69.7 years; males, 71.9%) without clinical evidence of atrial fibrillation. Subjects were subdivided into low‐ (0–1), intermediate‐ (2–3), and high‐score (4–6) groups and followed for 1 year. The end point was a composite of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke at 1‐year follow‐up. Rates of triple‐vessel/left main trunk disease correlated positively with
CHADS
2
score categories.
CHADS
2
scores among single, double, and triple‐vessel/left main trunk groups were 2 (1–2), 2 (1–3), and 2 (2–3), respectively (
P
<0.001). A total of 194 patients (2.8%) had a cardiovascular/cerebrovascular event, and Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated a significantly higher probability of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular events in proportion to a higher
CHADS
2
score (log‐rank test,
P
<0.001). Multivariate Cox hazard analysis identified
CHADS
2
score (per 1 point) as an independent predictor of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular events (hazard ratio, 1.31; 95%
CI
, 1.17–1.47;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

This large cohort study indicated that the
CHADS
2
score is useful for the prediction of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular events in coronary artery disease patients without atrial fibrillation.
Wind-Blown Dust Modeling Using a Backward-Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model
Authors: Mallia Derek V. , Kochanski Adam , Wu Dien , Pennell Chris , Oswald Whitney , Lin John C. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPresented here is a new dust modeling framework that uses a backward-Lagrangian particle dispersion model coupled with a dust emission model, both driven by meteorological data from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. This new modeling framework was tested for the spring of 2010 at multiple sites across northern Utah. Initial model results for March–April 2010 showed that the model was able to replicate the 27–28 April 2010 dust event; however, it was unable to reproduce a significant wind-blown dust event on 30 March 2010. During this event, the model significantly underestimated PM2.5 concentrations (4.7 vs 38.7 μg m−3) along the Wasatch Front. The backward-Lagrangian approach presented here allowed for the easy identification of dust source regions with misrepresented land cover and soil types, which required an update to WRF. In addition, changes were also applied to the dust emission model to better account for dust emitted from dry lake basins. These updates significantly improved dust model simulations, with the modeled PM2.5 comparing much more favorably to observations (average of 30.3 μg m−3). In addition, these updates also improved the timing of the frontal passage within WRF. The dust model was also applied in a forecasting setting, with the model able to replicate the magnitude of a large dust event, albeit with a 2-h lag. These results suggest that the dust modeling framework presented here has potential to replicate past dust events, identify source regions of dust, and be used for short-term forecasting applications.