bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘A FRIEND TO RATIONAL PIETY’: THE EARLY RECEPTION OF HERDER BY PROTESTANT DISSENTERS IN BRITAIN
Authors: Angerson Catherine 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTJohann Gottfried Herder (1744–1803) already had an attentive British readership in 1800, when the first translation of his Ideen zur Philosophie der Geschichte der Menschheit (1784–91) was published in London. This curious episode in Anglo‐German literary relations and the reasons why there was a market for this German philosophical book at the turn of the nineteenth century have not been analysed in detail before. The article examines how Herder was first received in Britain as an intellectual ally of liberal Presbyterians and ‘rational’ Dissenters and later attacked and rejected on political grounds by the conservative Anglican establishment. An overview of the earliest reviews of Herder's Abhandlung über den Ursprung der Sprache (1772) in the Monthly Review in 1775 and 1784 is followed by an analysis of how Herder's theology, Biblical studies and philosophy of history were first received in journal reviews, usually in small fragments and often prior to the availability of English translations. By the time Thomas Churchill's translation of the Ideen appeared in 1800, Herder and some of his ideas were already the subject of intense discussion in intellectual Presbyterian and Unitarian circles in the politically heated aftermath of the French Revolution.Ein Kuriosum der englisch‐deutschen Literaturbeziehungen ist, dass Johann Gottfried Herder (1744–1803) schon um 1800 – als die erste englische Übersetzung seiner Ideen zur Philosophie der Geschichte der Menschheit (1784–91) in London erschien – eine sehr aufmerksame englische Leserschaft hatte. Die spezifischen Gründe, weshalb es einen Markt für diese deutsche philosophische Abhandlung gab, wurden noch nicht hinreichend analysiert. Der Aufsatz untersucht, wie Herder erst als intellektueller Verbündeter liberaler Presbyterianer und ‘rationaler’ Nonkonformisten positiv aufgenommen und später vom entgegengesetzten Lager des konservativen, anglikanischen Establishments politisch abgelehnt und heftig bekämpft wurde. Nach einem Überblick über die von der Forschung vernachlässigten frühesten Rezensionen von der Abhandlung über den Ursprung der Sprache (1772) im Monthly Review (1775 und 1784) wird die Rezeption von Herders Theologie, Bibelauslegung und Philosophie der Geschichte in den 1790er Jahren in Zeitschriftenartikeln analysiert: gewöhnlich handelte es sich um kleine Fragmente, die oft vor den englischen Übersetzungen erschienen. Herder und einige seiner Ideen waren schon vor der Erscheinung von Thomas Churchills Übersetzung der Ideen in intellektuellen presbyterianischen und unitarischen Kreisen in der aufgeheizten politischen Atmosphäre nach der Französischen Revolution Gegenstand heftiger Diskussionen.
ON THE GENESIS OF COLONIAL GEOGRAPHY: CHINA IN PETERMANNS GEOGRAPHISCHE MITTEILUNGEN 1855–1914
Authors: Lü Yixu 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTThis essay examines representations of China in Germany's most influential geographical journal in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries with a view to establishing whether first‐hand accounts by explorers revealed a fundamentally different China from the abstract generalisations of the eighteenth century and in Hegel's philosophy of history. It charts the transition from one mythicising view of China as existing in a state of stagnation and senility to another that sees China as immature but full of potential for industrial development. This latter ‘chronotype’ accords with a generally European colonialist view of a subject country. The writings of Ferdinand von Richthofen play a major role in effecting this change – some decades before Germany was to establish a colony in China. The essay offers the first textual analyses of travel narratives published in Petermanns Geographische Mitteilungen to demonstrate how one mythical template replaces another – at the expense of detailed accounts of a foreign culture.Gegenstand dieser Untersuchung sind die Darstellungen Chinas in der einflussreichsten geographischen Zeitschrift Deutschlands im späten 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert. Gefragt wird, ob in Reiseberichten aus erster Hand ein grundlegend anderes China zum Vorschein kommt, als in den abstrakten Verallgemeinerungen des 18. Jahrhunderts und der Geschichtsphilosophie Hegels zur Schau gestellt wird. In diesem Aufsatz wird der Übergang von der einen mythisierenden Auffassung Chinas als stagnierend und senil zu einer anderen gezeigt, in der dieses Land zwar als unreif erscheint, dafür aber großes Potential für eine künftige industrielle Entwicklung besitzt. Letztere ‘Chronotypie’ entspricht einer allgemein europäischen kolonialistischen Einstellung zu einem subalternen Volk. Die Schriften Ferdinand von Richthofens üben einen maßgeblichen Einfluss auf diesen Perspektivenwandel aus, der einige Jahrzehnte vor der Gründung einer deutschen Kolonie auf chinesischem Boden stattfindet. Der Aufsatz bietet die ersten Textanalysen von Reiseberichten, die in Petermanns Geographische Mitteilungen gedruckt wurden, und zeigt, wie das eine mythisierende Denkmuster das andere ersetzt, wobei die Gelegenheit, eingehende Beschreibungen einer fremden Kultur zu präsentieren, versäumt wird.
KNOWING YOUR PLACE: THE DEPICTION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF SPACE IN MARTIN WALSER'S EIN FLIEHENDES PFERD
Authors: Plow Geoffrey 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTCritical investigation of the theme of space in literature often risks becoming superficial. This article considers Martin Walser's Ein fliehendes Pferd (1978) as a test case for a revised examination of the topic. Fresh scrutiny encompasses not just a discussion of the space that surrounds characters but also their own inner interpretations of it – in this case, the Lake Constance area of Southern Germany. The article argues that space in Ein fliehendes Pferd is never an inert backdrop. Instead the area offers the characters a corpus of suggestions to which each responds differently. The value of the commonplace is asserted. Helmut Halm, the central character and narrative focaliser, is ultimately seen as an ordinary individual who is offered the prospect of using his intellectual disposition to more practical effect than hitherto.Die kritische Untersuchung der Raumthematik in der Literatur geht oft das Risiko ein, oberflächlich zu werden. Martin Walsers Ein fliehendes Pferd (1978) wird in diesem Artikel als Musterfall betrachtet, um dieses Thema neu zu untersuchen. Im Artikel wird nicht nur erörtert, was die Figuren im Text umgibt, sondern auch ihre eigenen inneren Interpretationen des Raums – hier eines Bodensee‐Ferienortes in Süddeutschland. Es wird argumentiert, dass der Raum im Fliehenden Pferd nie als einfache Kulisse dient. Stattdessen bietet er eine Reihe von Provokationen, auf die jede Figur anders und unterschiedlich reagiert. Es wird für das Alltägliche plädiert: dem Intellektuellen Halm wird die Möglichkeit angeboten, die eigene intellektuelle Veranlagung praktischer als bisher zu verwenden.
The use of endothelial progenitor cells combined with barrier membrane for the reconstruction of peri‐implant osseous defects: an animal experimental study
Authors: Machtei Eli E. , Kim David M. , Karimbux Nadeem , Zigdon‐Giladi Hadar 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this research was to study the efficacy of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) with ß tri‐calcium phosphate (β‐TCP) and barrier in the treatment of experimental peri‐implantitis.MethodsThirty implants were placed in five American foxhounds. Following osseointegration, ligature‐induced peri‐implantitis was initiated. EPC were isolated from peripheral blood. Two months later, open flap debridement was performed and implants’ surface was decontaminated with 24% EDTA. The sites were grafted with β‐TCP and collagen membrane (β‐TCP group) or β‐TCP loaded with EPC and covered with membrane (EPC group) or left un‐grafted (OFD group). At 3 months, animals were killed and specimens sent for histomorphometric and micro‐CT analysis. Bone height and %BIC served as primary and secondary outcomes.ResultsEPC group showed shorter distance to first BIC (3.29 ± 0.69 mm) compared to 4.2 ± 0.92 mm (β‐TCP) and 3.82 ± 0.73 mm (OFD). Mean histological BIC was 2–3 folds higher in the EPC group (17.65 ± 3.3%) compared with OFD (7.55 ± 2.24%, p = 0.01) and β‐TCP (5.68 ± 2.91%, p = 0.05). BIC greater than 25% was found only in the EPC group. The distance between the implant shoulder to 1st BIC was 2.51 ± 0.7 mm (lingual sites) compared to 3.64 ± 0.8 mm for buccal sites (p < 0.0001).Conclusionβ‐TCP loaded with EPC and covered with a membrane‐enhanced bone formation around previously contaminated dental implants in an experimental peri‐implantitis canine model.
Comparison of posaconazole serum concentrations from haematological cancer patients on posaconazole tablet and oral suspension for treatment and prevention of invasive fungal infections
Authors: Pham Aaron N. , Bubalo Joseph S. , Lewis James S. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryPosaconazole tablet formulation (PTF) was developed to optimise bioavailability. This study compared posaconazole levels between patients on the PTF and oral suspension formulation (OSF). We also examined factors that may impact posaconazole levels. The primary and secondary objectives were analysed by comparing trough levels and attainment of target level between the formulation groups. For the 86 patients on PTF and 176 on OSF, the mean first levels was 1.32 μg ml−1 (SD = 0.69) and 0.81 μg ml−1 (SD = 0.59), P < 0.0001 respectively. PTF group was more likely to achieve levels ≥0.7 μg ml−1 than OSF group (OR 7.97 [95 CI; 3.75–16.93], P < 0.0001). Levels from patients on PTF and with presence of acid suppression, GI GVHD, mucositis or diarrhoea were not statistically different from those without these factors. For PTF, no correlation was found between patient's weight (kg) and levels (R2 = 0.0536, P = 0.035). The incidences of elevation in ALT/AST or Tbili were similar between the formulation groups. In conclusion, PTF should be considered the preferred formulation because it demonstrated better absorption than the OSF. Patients on PTF for prophylaxis are more likely to attain target level and may not routinely require therapeutic drug monitoring during prophylaxis.
Visual quantification of embolism reveals leaf vulnerability to hydraulic failure
Authors: Brodribb Timothy J. , Skelton Robert P. , McAdam Scott A. M. , Bienaimé Diane , Lucani Christopher J. , Marmottant Philippe 
Published: January 2016

Summary

Vascular plant mortality during drought has been strongly linked to a failure of the internal water transport system caused by the rapid invasion of air and subsequent blockage of xylem conduits. Quantification of this critical process is greatly complicated by the existence of high water tension in xylem cells making them prone to embolism during experimental manipulation.

Here we describe a simple new optical method that can be used to record spatial and temporal patterns of embolism formation in the veins of water‐stressed leaves for the first time.

Applying this technique in four diverse angiosperm species we found very strong agreement between the dynamics of embolism formation during desiccation and decline of leaf hydraulic conductance.

These data connect the failure of the leaf water transport network under drought stress to embolism formation in the leaf xylem, and suggest embolism occurs after stomatal closure under extreme water stress.
Effect of contact lens use on Computer Vision Syndrome
Authors: Tauste Ana , Ronda Elena , Molina María‐José , Seguí Mar 
Published: January 2016

AbstractPurposeTo analyse the relationship between Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) in computer workers and contact lens use, according to lens materials.MethodsCross‐sectional study. The study included 426 civil‐service office workers, of whom 22% were contact lens wearers. Workers completed the Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire (CVS‐Q) and provided information on their contact lenses and exposure to video display terminals (VDT) at work. CVS was defined as a CVS‐Q score of 6 or more. The covariates were age and sex. Logistic regression was used to calculate the association (crude and adjusted for age and sex) between CVS and individual and work‐related factors, and between CVS and contact lens type.ResultsContact lens wearers are more likely to suffer CVS than non‐lens wearers, with a prevalence of 65% vs 50%. Workers who wear contact lenses and are exposed to the computer for more than 6 h day−1 are more likely to suffer CVS than non‐lens wearers working at the computer for the same amount of time (aOR = 4.85; 95% CI, 1.25–18.80; p = 0.02).ConclusionsRegular contact lens use increases CVS after 6 h of computer work.
Draft Genomes for Eight Burkholderia mallei Isolates from Turkey
Authors: Daligault H. E. , Johnson S. L. , Davenport K. W. , Minogue T. D. , Bishop-Lilly K. A. , Broomall S. M. , Bruce D. C. , Coyne S. R. , Frey K. G. , Gibbons H. S. , Jaissle J. , Koroleva G. I. , Ladner J. T. , Lo C.-C. , Munk C. , Wolcott M. J. , Palacios G. F. , Redden C. L. , Rosenzweig C. N. , Scholz M. B. , Chain P. S. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Burkholderia mallei
, the etiologic agent of glanders, is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, facultative intracellular pathogen. Although glanders has been eradicated from many parts of the world, the threat of
B. mallei
being used as a weapon is very real. Here we present draft genome assemblies of 8
Burkholderia mallei
strains that were isolated in Turkey.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Streptococcus
sp. X13SY08, Isolated from Murray Cod (
Maccullochella peelii peelii
)
Authors: Liu Yang , Zeng Runying , Weng Boqi , Luo Tuyan , Luo Qin , Xu Liwen 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Streptococcus
sp. X13SY08, isolated from freshwater Murray cod ﬁsh, likely presents a novel species of
Streptococcus
. Here, we present an annotated draft genome sequence of this species, which will improve our understanding of its physiology and pathogenesis.
Paenibacillus larvae Phage Tripp Genome Has 378-Base-Pair Terminal Repeats
Authors: Abraham J. , Bousquet A.-C. , Bruff E. , Carson N. , Clark A. , Connell A. , Davis Z. , Dums J. , Everington C. , Groth A. , Hawes N. , McArthur N. , McKenney C. , Oufkir A. , Pearce B. , Rampal S. , Rozier H. , Schaff J. , Slehria T. , Carson S. , Miller E. S. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Paenibacillus larvae
bacteriophage Tripp was isolated from an American foulbrood diseased honey bee hive in North Carolina, USA. The 54,439-bp genome is 48.3% G+C, encodes 92 proteins, no tRNAs, and has 378-bp direct terminal repeats. It is currently unique in Genbank.
Draft Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus plantarum 2025
Authors: Karlyshev Andrey V. , Khlebnikov Valentin C. , Kosarev Igor V. , Abramov Vyacheslav M. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

A draft genome sequence of
Lactobacillus plantarum
2025 was derived using Ion Torrent sequencing technology. The total size of the assembly (3.33 Mb) was in agreement with the genome sizes of other strains of this species. The data will assist in revealing the genes responsible for the specific properties of this strain.
Draft Genome Sequences of Six Mycobacterium immunogenum Strains Obtained from a Chloraminated Drinking Water Distribution System Simulator
Authors: Gomez-Alvarez Vicente , Revetta Randy P. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome sequences of six
Mycobacterium immunogenum
strains isolated from a chloraminated drinking water distribution system simulator subjected to changes in operational parameters.
M. immunogenum
, a rapidly growing mycobacterium previously reported to be the cause of hypersensitivity pneumonitis from contaminated metalworking fluid aerosols, is becoming a public health concern.
Markers of achievement for assessing and monitoring gender equity in translational research organisations: a rationale and study protocol
Authors: Ovseiko Pavel V , Edmunds Laurel D , Pololi Linda H , Greenhalgh Trisha , Kiparoglou Vasiliki , Henderson Lorna R , Williamson Catherine , Grant Jonathan , Lord Graham M , Channon Keith M , Lechler Robert I , Buchan Alastair M 
Published: January 2016

IntroductionTranslational research organisations (TROs) are a core component of the UK's expanding research base. Equity of career opportunity is key to ensuring a diverse and internationally competitive workforce. The UK now requires TROs to demonstrate how they are supporting gender equity. Yet, the evidence base for documenting such efforts is sparse. This study is designed to inform the acceleration of women's advancement and leadership in two of the UK's leading TROs—the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centres (BRCs) in Oxford and London—through the development, application and dissemination of a conceptual framework and measurement tool.Methods and analysisA cross-sectional retrospective evaluation. A conceptual framework with markers of achievement and corresponding candidate metrics has been specifically designed for this study based on an adapted balanced scorecard approach. It will be refined with an online stakeholder consultation and semistructured interviews to test the face validity and explore practices and mechanisms that influence gender equity in the given settings. Data will be collected via the relevant administrative databases. A comparison of two funding periods (2007–2012 and 2012–2017) will be carried out.Ethics and disseminationThe University of Oxford Clinical Trials and Research Governance Team and the Research and Development Governance Team of Guy's and St Thomas’ National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust reviewed the study and deemed it exempt from full ethics review. The results of the study will be used to inform prospective planning and monitoring within the participating NIHR BRCs with a view to accelerating women's advancement and leadership. Both the results of the study and its methodology will be further disseminated to academics and practitioners through the networks of collaborating TROs, relevant conferences and articles in peer-reviewed journals.
Physical Activity through Sustainable Transport Approaches (PASTA): a study protocol for a multicentre project
Authors: Gerike Regine , de Nazelle Audrey , Nieuwenhuijsen Mark , Panis Luc Int , Anaya Esther , Avila-Palencia Ione , Boschetti Florinda , Brand Christian , Cole-Hunter Tom , Dons Evi , Eriksson Ulf , Gaupp-Berghausen Mailin , Kahlmeier Sonja , Laeremans Michelle , Mueller Natalie , Orjuela Juan Pablo , Racioppi Francesca , Raser Elisabeth , Rojas-Rueda David , Schweizer Christian , Standaert Arnout , Uhlmann Tina , Wegener Sandra , Götschi Thomas ,   on behalf of the PASTA consortium
Published: January 2016

IntroductionOnly one-third of the European population meets the minimum recommended levels of physical activity (PA). Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Walking and cycling for transport (active mobility, AM) are well suited to provide regular PA. The European research project Physical Activity through Sustainable Transport Approaches (PASTA) pursues the following aims: (1) to investigate correlates and interrelations of AM, PA, air pollution and crash risk; (2) to evaluate the effectiveness of selected interventions to promote AM; (3) to improve health impact assessment (HIA) of AM; (4) to foster the exchange between the disciplines of public health and transport planning, and between research and practice.Methods and analysisPASTA pursues a mixed-method and multilevel approach that is consistently applied in seven case study cities. Determinants of AM and the evaluation of measures to increase AM are investigated through a large scale longitudinal survey, with overall 14 000 respondents participating in Antwerp, Barcelona, London, Örebro, Rome, Vienna and Zurich. Contextual factors are systematically gathered in each city. PASTA generates empirical findings to improve HIA for AM, for example, with estimates of crash risks, factors on AM-PA substitution and carbon emissions savings from mode shifts. Findings from PASTA will inform WHO's online Health Economic Assessment Tool on the health benefits from cycling and/or walking. The study's wide scope, the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods and health and transport methods, the innovative survey design, the general and city-specific analyses, and the transdisciplinary composition of the consortium and the wider network of partners promise highly relevant insights for research and practice.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been obtained by the local ethics committees in the countries where the work is being conducted, and sent to the European Commission before the start of the survey. The PASTA website (http://www.pastaproject.eu) is at the core of all communication and dissemination activities.
Community-based InterVentions to prevent serIous Complications (CIVIC) following spinal cord injury in Bangladesh: protocol of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Hossain Mohammad S , Harvey Lisa A , Rahman Md. Akhlasur , Muldoon Stephen , Bowden Jocelyn L , Islam Md. Shofiqul , Jan Stephen , Taylor Valerie , Cameron Ian D , Chhabra Harvinder Singh , Lindley Richard I , Biering-Sørensen Fin , Li Qiang , Dhakshinamurthy Murali , Herbert Robert D 
Published: January 2016

IntroductionIn low-income and middle-income countries, people with spinal cord injury (SCI) are vulnerable to life-threatening complications after they are discharged from hospital. The aim of this trial is to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an inexpensive and sustainable model of community-based care designed to prevent and manage complications in people with SCI in Bangladesh.Methods and analysisA pragmatic randomised controlled trial will be undertaken. 410 wheelchair-dependent people with recent SCI will be randomised to Intervention and Control groups shortly after discharge from hospital. Participants in the Intervention group will receive regular telephone-based care and three home visits from a health professional over the 2 years after discharge. Participants in the Control group will receive standard care, which does not involve regular contact with health professionals. The primary outcome is all-cause mortality at 2 years. Recruitment started on 12 July 2015 and the trial is expected to take 5 years to complete.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee at the site in Bangladesh and from the University of Sydney, Australia. The study will be conducted in compliance with all stipulations of its protocol, the conditions of ethics committee approval, the NHMRC National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research (2007), the Note for Guidance on Good Clinical Practice (CPMP/ICH-135/95) and the Bangladesh Guidance on Clinical Trial Inspection (2011). The results of the trial will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed scientific journals and presentations at scientific conferences.Trial registration numbersACTRN12615000630516, U1111-1171-1876.