bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Tetra‐n‐butylammonium Iodide Catalyzed C—H Azidation of Aldehydes with Thermally Stable Azidobenziodoxolone.
Authors: Shinomoto Yukino , Yoshimura Akira , Shimizu Hisato , Yamazaki Mutsumi , Zhdankin Viktor V. , Saito Akio 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe process succeeds using various aryl and alkyl aldehydes, and the products are isolated in moderate yields as the corresponding methyl carbamates obtained via Curtius‐rearrangement.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Spiroindenes by Enol‐Directed Rhodium(II)‐Catalyzed C—H Functionalization and Spiroannulation.
Authors: Chidipudi Suresh Reddy , Burns David J. , Khan Imtiaz , Lam Hon Wai 
Published: March 2016

AbstractVarious spiroindenes are enantioselectively obtained by oxidative annulation of α‐aryl cyclic 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds with alkynes using chiral cyclopentadienyl rhodium catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine‐Catalyzed Synthesis of β‐Lactones from Ketenes and Chiral β‐Oxyaldehydes.
Authors: Chen Shi , Mondal Mukulesh , Adams Matthew P. , Wheeler Kraig A. , Kerrigan Nessan J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractChiral β‐lactones bearing up to three stereogenic centers are prepared in moderate to good diastereoselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Amine‐Catalyzed [2 + 2] Annulation of Allenoates with Azodicarboxylates: Facile Synthesis of 1,2‐Diazetidines.
Authors: Xu Silong , Chen Jingrong , Shang Jian , Qing Ziqi , Zhang Junjie , Tang Yuhai 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe title [2 + 2] annulation reaction proceeds with excellent regio‐ and stereoselectivity to produce the corresponding 2‐diazetidines in moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Addition of Arylboronic Acids to Methyl 2‐Formylbenzoates by Using a Ruthenium/Me‐BIPAM Catalyst for Synthesis of Chiral 3‐Aryl‐isobenzofuranones.
Authors: Yohda Masaaki , Yamamoto Yasunori 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe title reaction tolerates a variety of functional groups and affords the chiral benzofuran derivatives with excellent enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed C—H Alkylation of Indolines with Allylic Alcohols: Direct Access to β‐Aryl Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Han Sang Hoon , Choi Miji , Jeong Taejoo , Sharma Satyasheel , Mishra Neeraj Kumar , Park Jihye , Oh Joa Sub , Kim Woo Jung , Lee Jong Suk , Kim In Su 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe site‐selective C—H alkylation of various N‐heterocycles, such as indolines (I) and (IV) as well as pyrroles (VIII) with allylic alcohols is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of Highly Functionalized Carbazoles via Condensation of an Enolate to a Nitro Group.
Authors: Poudel Tej Narayan , Lee Yong Rok 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA simple procedure is elaborated for the synthesis of carbazole esters (III) from 2‐nitrocinnamaldehydes or 2‐nitrochalcones (I) and β‐ketoesters (II).
ChemInform Abstract: A Mild and Fast Continuous‐Flow Trifluoromethylation of Coumarins with the CF3 Radical Derived from CF3SO2Na and TBHP.
Authors: Zhang Xiaodan , Huang Ping , Li Yaming , Duan Chunying 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA fast and mild conversion of coumarin to 3‐trifluoromethyl‐coumarin in a continuous flow reactor using inexpensive sodium triflate as the trifluoromethylation reagent is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalyzed One‐Step Synthesis of Functionalized N‐Alkylpyridinium Salts from Biomass Derived 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural.
Authors: Sowmiah Subbiah , Veiros Luis F. , Esperanca Jose M. S. S. , Rebelo Luis P.N. , Afonso Carlos A. M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe reaction of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural with alkylamines delivers N‐alkylpyridinium salts in moderate to high yields, and in the case of terminal alkyldiamines exclusively monopyridinium salts are formed.
ChemInform Abstract: Multicomponent Synthesis of Functionalized Tetrahydroacridinones: Insights into a Mechanistic Route.
Authors: Chung Tsai‐Wen , Narhe Bharat D. , Lin Chun‐Cheng , Sun Chung‐Ming 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAs part of a mechanistic study of 3‐component reactions between aldehydes, 1,3‐diones and aromatic amines, initially prepared Michael adducts (I) are reacted with arylamines giving the title compounds in good to high yields and remarkable differences in regioselectivity during annulation between O‐ and N‐heterocycles (II) and (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Domino Condensation—Intramolecular Nucleophilic Cyclization Approach Toward Annulated Imidazo‐Pyrrolopyridines.
Authors: Voskressensky Leonid G. , Storozhenko Olga A. , Festa Alexey A. , Khrustalev Victor N. , Dang Thi Tuyet Anh , Nguyen Van Tuyen , Varlamov Alexey V. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA facile protocol is developed for the base‐promoted domino reaction of 6‐azaindole salts (I) with aldehydes (II) to form the title compounds (III) in moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure Elucidation of Verucopeptin, a HIF‐1 Inhibitory Polyketide—Hexapeptide Hybrid Metabolite from an Actinomycete.
Authors: Yoshimura Aya , Nishimura Shinichi , Otsuka Saori , Hattori Akira , Kakeya Hideaki 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe absolute stereochemistry of the title compound is determined and its inhibitory activity in hypoxia inducible factor‐1 assays is examined.
ChemInform Abstract: Diversity‐Oriented Synthesis of Fused Thioglycosyl Benzo[e][1,4]oxathiepin‐5‐ones and Benzo[f][1,4]thiazepin‐5(2H)‐ones by a Sequence of Palladium‐Catalyzed Glycosyl Thiol Arylation and Deprotection—Lactonization Reactions.
Authors: AL‐Shuaeeb Riyadh Ahmed Atto , Galvani Gilles , Bernadat Guillaume , Brion Jean‐Daniel , Alami Mouad , Messaoudi Samir 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAn efficient and practical protocol for the synthesis of substituted fused thioglycosyl benzoxathiepinones and benzothiazepinones is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Pseudellones A—C, Three Alkaloids from the Marine‐Derived Fungus Pseudallescheria ellipsoidea F42—3.
Authors: Liu Wei , Li Hou‐Jin , Xu Meng‐Yang , Ju Ying‐Chen , Wang Lai‐You , Xu Jun , Yang De‐Po , Lan Wen‐Jian 
Published: March 2016

AbstractCompounds (I)‐(III) exhibit no significant antibacterial activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Unciaphenol, an Oxygenated Analogue of the Bergman Cyclization Product of Uncialamycin Exhibits anti‐HIV Activity.
Authors: Williams David E. , Bottriell Helen , Davies Julian , Tietjen Ian , Brockman Mark A. , Andersen Raymond J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractUnciaphenol (I) is isolated from cultures of the actinomycete Streptomyces uncialis and shows in vitro anti‐HIV activity against viral strains that are resistant to clinically utilized anti‐retroviral therapies.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Bi‐ and Bis‐1,2,3‐triazoles by Copper‐Catalyzed Huisgen Cycloaddition: A Family of Valuable Products by Click Chemistry
Authors: Zheng Zhan‐Jiang , Wang Ding , Xu Zheng , Xu Li‐Wen 
Published: March 2016

AbstractReview: [82 refs.
Was Licht bewirken kann
Authors: Wöhrle Dieter 
Published: March 2016

AbstractLicht basiert auf Photonen. Im Teil 1 wurde der gegenwärtige Kenntnisstand über Photonen behandelt. Außerdem standen die Sonne als natürliche Strahlungsquelle und verschiedene künstliche Strahlungsquellen und deren Bedeutung im Mittelpunkt. Im Fokus von Teil 2 stehen bedeutende Beispiele der Wechselwirkung von Photonen mit Materie. Die solare Einstrahlung ist mit der Photosynthese, die kurz behandelt wird, der Ausgangspunkt der irdischen Biosphäre. Photonen als kleinste Werkzeuge fließen mit ihrer Energie in chemische Prozesse der Photokatalyse und Photochemie ein. Solare Einstrahlung ist auch die Voraussetzung für physikalische Energiegewinnung in photovoltaischen Solarzellen und der Solarthermie. Photonen aus solarer Einstrahlung und auch künstlichen Strahlungsquellen werden eine zunehmende Bedeutung in einer Photonenwirtschaft spielen.
Lithium‐Ionen‐Technologie und was danach kommen könnte
Authors: Bieker Peter , Winter Martin 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn einem zweigeteilten Aufsatz berichten wir über die Grundlagen und diversen Zellchemien von Hochenergieakkumulatoren. Im ersten Teil haben wir beschrieben, welche Voraussetzungen erfüllt sein müssen, um eine wiederaufladbare Batterie mit hohen Energieinhalten pro Gewicht und Volumen, also eine “Superbatterie” zu realisieren. Dabei haben wir festgestellt, dass die Hochenergie‐Zukunftstechnologien Brennstoffzelle als auch Metall‐Luft‐Zelle schon zu Anfang der Batteriegeschichte entdeckt wurden, und dass eine Superbatterie mit Elektroden auf der Basis von Li‐Metall bzw. Li‐Einlagerungsmaterialien im Moment am vielversprechendsten erscheint. In diesem zweiten Teil haben wir diese Li‐Batterietechnologien im Detail beschreiben, aber auch Alternativsysteme vorgestellt. Allen Batteriesystemen ist gemein, dass sie einem anderen energieliefernden Reaktionsmechanismus als eine thermische Verbrennung folgen. In Hinsicht auf elektromobile Anwendungen ist ein Vergleich der Energieinhalte von Batterie und Benzinverbrennungsmotor deshalb nur bedingt fair und zielführend.
Synthesis of C4 and C8 Chemicals from Ethanol on MgO‐Incorporated Faujasite Catalysts with Balanced Confinement Effects and Basicity
Authors: Zhang Lu , Pham Tu N. , Faria Jimmy , Santhanaraj Daniel , Sooknoi Tawan , Tan Qiaohua , Zhao Zheng , Resasco Daniel E. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA new type of catalyst has been designed to adjust the basicity and level of molecular confinement of KNaX faujasites by controlled incorporation of Mg through ion exchange and precipitation of extraframework MgO clusters at varying loadings. The catalytic performance of these catalysts was compared in the conversion of C2 and C4 aldehydes to value‐added products. The product distribution depends on both the level of acetaldehyde conversion and the fraction of magnesium as extraframework species. These species form rather uniform and highly dispersed nanostructures that resemble nanopetals. Specifically, the sample containing Mg only in the form of exchangeable Mg2+ ions has much lower activity than those in which a significant fraction of Mg exists as extraframework MgO. Both the (C6+C8)/C4 and C8/C6 ratios increase with additional extraframework Mg at high acetaldehyde conversion levels. These differences in product distribution can be attributed to 1) higher basicity density on the samples with extraframework species, and 2) enhanced confinement inside the zeolite cages in the presence of these species. Additionally, the formation of linear or aromatic C8 aldehyde compounds depends on the position on the crotonaldehyde molecule from which abstraction of a proton occurs. In addition, catalysts with different confinement effects result in different C8 products.
Acculturation preferences and behavioural tendencies between majority and minority groups: The mediating role of emotions
Authors: López‐Rodríguez Lucía , Cuadrado Isabel , Navas Marisol 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe main goal of this research was twofold. First, we aimed at determining how acculturation preferences and emotions were related to specific intergroup behavioural tendencies towards majority and minority groups. Second, we aimed at developing an intergroup behavioural tendencies scale that differentiates between valence (facilitation and harm) and intensity (active and passive). The role of intergroup contact was also examined, as it is a known predictor of intergroup prejudice. In order to fulfil these goals, we carried out two studies. In Study 1, Spanish participants (N = 279) answered a questionnaire about Moroccans (a devalued group) or Ecuadorians (a valued group) by reporting their acculturation preferences for immigrants, their positive and negative emotions, quantity of contact with them and behavioural tendencies towards them. In Study 2, Moroccans (N = 92) and Ecuadorians (N = 87) assessed Spaniards on these measures. Results confirmed the structure of the new behavioural tendencies scale across four groups of participants. Overall, findings also showed that acculturation preferences and quantity of contact indirectly predicted behavioural tendencies through positive emotions. This research contributes to knowledge on how the majority and minority's acculturation preferences are related to their emotions and specific dimensions of intergroup behavioural tendencies, confirming the predominant mediating role of positive emotions in this process.
Three‐dimensional beam–truss model for reinforced concrete walls and slabs – part 2: modeling approach and validation for slabs and coupled walls
Authors: Lu Yuan , Panagiotou Marios 
Published: March 2016

SummaryA three‐dimensional beam–truss model (BTM) for reinforced concrete (RC) walls that explicitly models flexure–shear interaction and accurately captures diagonal shear failures was presented in the first part of this two‐paper series. This paper extends the BTM to simulate RC slabs and coupled RC walls through slabs and beams. The inclination angle of the diagonal elements for coupled RC walls is determined, accounting for the geometry of the walls and the level of coupling. Two case studies validate the model: (1) a two‐bay slab–column specimen experimentally tested using cyclic static loading and (2) a five‐story coupled T‐wall–beam–slab specimen subjected to biaxial shake table excitation. The numerically computed lateral force–lateral displacement and strain contours are compared with the experimentally measured response and observed damage. The five‐story specimen is characterized by diagonal shear failure at the bottom story of the walls, which is captured by the BTM. The BTM of the five‐story specimen is used to study the effects of coupling on shear demand for lightly reinforced RC coupled walls. The effect of mesh refinement and bar fracture of non‐ductile transverse reinforcement is studied. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polymictic pool behaviour in a montane meadow, Sierra Nevada, CA
Authors: Lucas Ryan G. , Suárez Francisco , Tyler Scott W. , Moran Jean E. , Conklin Martha H. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe observed polymictic behaviour in stream pools in Long Meadow, Sequoia National Park, California—part of the Southern Sierra Critical Zone Observatory. Stream pools stratified thermally during the day time and were isothermal at night—this pattern persists from the middle of summer into the fall. We found that four characteristics typical of a mountain meadow environment—low stream flow, open sky, cold groundwater discharge, and elevated organic carbon concentrations—are particularly conducive to pool stratification. Incoming shortwave radiation was the dominant energy input to heat pool water while nighttime emitted longwave radiation was the major cooling mechanism. Relatively cold groundwater discharge into the pool bottom increased density stratification within the pool. Elevated DOC concentrations increased the capacity of the pool to absorb photosynthetically active radiation and also promoted stratification. Stream velocities in the meadow were generally insufficient to meet threshold Richardson numbers and mix the pools during the daytime; smaller stream cross sectional areas would have potential for destabilizing pools in the daytime. We propose a conceptual model for describing polymictic stream pools and assessing the potential for polymictic pools to occur. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimization of an air–liquid interface exposure system for assessing toxicity of airborne nanoparticles
Authors: Latvala Siiri , Hedberg Jonas , Möller Lennart , Odnevall Wallinder Inger , Karlsson Hanna L. , Elihn Karine 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe use of refined toxicological methods is currently needed for characterizing the risks of airborne nanoparticles (NPs) to human health. To mimic pulmonary exposure, we have developed an air–liquid interface (ALI) exposure system for direct deposition of airborne NPs on to lung cell cultures. Compared to traditional submerged systems, this allows more realistic exposure conditions for characterizing toxicological effects induced by airborne NPs. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the deposition of silver NPs (AgNPs) is affected by different conditions of the ALI system. Additionally, the viability and metabolic activity of A549 cells was studied following AgNP exposure. Particle deposition increased markedly with increasing aerosol flow rate and electrostatic field strength. The highest amount of deposited particles (2.2 μg cm–2) at cell‐free conditions following 2 h exposure was observed for the highest flow rate (390 ml min–1) and the strongest electrostatic field (±2 kV). This was estimated corresponding to deposition efficiency of 94%. Cell viability was not affected after 2 h exposure to clean air in the ALI system. Cells exposed to AgNPs (0.45 and 0.74 μg cm–2) showed significantly (P < 0.05) reduced metabolic activities (64 and 46%, respectively). Our study shows that the ALI exposure system can be used for generating conditions that were more realistic for in vitro exposures, which enables improved mechanistic and toxicological studies of NPs in contact with human lung cells.Copyright © 2016 The Authors Journal of Applied Toxicology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Guided Tour Influence on Cruise Tourist Experience in a Port of Call: An eWOM and Questionnaire‐Based Approach
Authors: Sanz‐Blas Silvia , Buzova Daniela 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe study aims at exploring the importance of guided tours in cruise tourists experience while visiting a port of call and analyzing qualitative (electronic word of mouth from Tripadvisor) and quantitative (personal interviews with tourists) data. The results obtained from the electronic word of mouth analysis suggest that taking a guided tour is a highly satisfactory and sentimentally positive experience for the cruise tourist. Moreover, the empirical findings revealed that taking a guided tour has a moderating effect on (1) the interaction between destination image–satisfaction, (2) the satisfaction–loyalty causal relationship and (3) the destination image formation process regarding the infrastructure and atmosphere, and tourism resources image dimensions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Contribution of Astragalus adsurgens Roots and Canopy to Water Erosion Control in the Water–Wind Crisscrossed Erosion Region of the Loess Plateau, China
Authors: Zhao Chunhong , Gao Jian'en , Huang Yuefei , Wang Guangqian , Xu Zhen 
Published: March 2016

AbstractSimulated rainfall experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of Astragalus adsurgens roots and canopy on water erosion yield, erosion processes and soil resistance to erosion. Experiments were conducted on grass, root and bare slopes, with sandy soil from a water–wind crisscrossed erosion region of the Loess Plateau, China. A. adsurgens coverage on grass slopes was approximately 40%. There were three rainfall intensities of 30, 60 and 90 mm h–1 and four slope gradients of 3, 6, 9 and 12°. A. adsurgens had a significant effect on soil erosion control; soil loss was reduced by ~70% on slopes with the grass compared with bare slopes. The grass roots reduced soil loss more than its canopy, particularly in high‐intensity rainfall, which reduced soil loss by 82%. The presence of the grass and its roots changed the soil erosion process, reducing soil erodibility (Kr) and increasing the critical shear stress (τc). The soil erosion rate on the bare slope increased steadily over time; on the grass and root slopes, its rate initially increased, then decreased and then finally stabilized. Kr on the grass and root slopes was reduced by 96% and 89%, respectively, compared with the bare slope, while the corresponding τc increased by 92% and 195% respectively. These results provide insights into the mechanisms of grass on soil and water conservation and may help to improve vegetation construction in water–wind crisscrossed erosion regions of the Loess Plateau. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of the Hemoglobin‐Conjugated Polymer Micelles by Thiol Michael Addition Reactions
Authors: Qi Yanxin , Li Taihang , Wang Yupeng , Wei Xing , Li Bin , Chen Xuesi , Xie Zhigang , Jing Xiabin , Huang Yubin 
Published: March 2016

Amphiphilic triblock copolymers mPEG‐b‐PMAC‐b‐PCL are synthesized using methoxyl poly(ethylene glycol), cyclic carbonic ester monomer including acryloyl group, and ε‐caprolactone. Copolymers are self‐assembled into core–shell micelles in aqueous solution. Thiolated hemoglobin (Hb) is conjugated with micelles sufficiently through thiol Michael addition reaction to form hemoglobin nanoparticles (HbNs) with 200 nm in diameter. The conjugation of Hb onto the micelle surface is further confirmed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Feeding ratio of copolymer micelles to Hb at 1:3 would lead to the highest hemoglobin loading efficiency 36.7 wt%. The UV results demonstrate that the gas transporting capacity of HbNs is well remained after Hb is conjugated with polymeric micelles. Furthermore, the obtained HbNs have no obvious detrimental effects on blood components in vitro. This system may thus have great potential as one of the candidates to be developed as oxygen carriers and provide a reference for the modification of protein drugs.
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Visible Light and pH Responsive Polymer‐Coated Mesoporous Silica Nanohybrids for Controlled Release
Authors: Wang Guojie , Dong Jie , Yuan Tingting , Zhang Juchen , Wang Lei , Wang Hao 
Published: March 2016

A visible light and pH responsive anticancer drug delivery system based on polymer‐coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) has been developed. Perylene‐functionalized poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylates) sensitive to visible light and pH are electrostatically attached on the surface of MSNs to seal the nanopores. Stimulation of visible light and acid can unseal the nanopores to induce controlled drug release from the MSNs. More interestingly, the release can be enhanced under the combined stimulation of the dual‐stimuli. The synergistic effect of visible light and acid stimulation on the efficient release of anticancer drugs from the nanohybrids endows the system with great potential for cancer therapy.
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A rank‐exploiting infinite Arnoldi algorithm for nonlinear eigenvalue problems
Authors: Van Beeumen Roel , Jarlebring Elias , Michiels Wim 
Published: March 2016

SummaryWe consider the nonlinear eigenvalue problem M(λ)x = 0, where M(λ) is a large parameter‐dependent matrix. In several applications, M(λ) has a structure where the higher‐order terms of its Taylor expansion have a particular low‐rank structure. We propose a new Arnoldi‐based algorithm that can exploit this structure. More precisely, the proposed algorithm is equivalent to Arnoldi's method applied to an operator whose reciprocal eigenvalues are solutions to the nonlinear eigenvalue problem. The iterates in the algorithm are functions represented in a particular structured vector‐valued polynomial basis similar to the construction in the infinite Arnoldi method [Jarlebring, Michiels, and Meerbergen, Numer. Math., 122 (2012), pp. 169–195]. In this paper, the low‐rank structure is exploited by applying an additional operator and by using a more compact representation of the functions. This reduces the computational cost associated with orthogonalization, as well as the required memory resources. The structure exploitation also provides a natural way in carrying out implicit restarting and locking without the need to impose structure in every restart. The efficiency and properties of the algorithm are illustrated with two large‐scale problems. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.