bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tantalum coating of porous carbon scaffold supplemented with autologous bone marrow stromal stem cells for bone regenerationin vitroandin vivo
Authors: Wei Xiaowei , Zhao Dewei , Wang Benjie , Wang Wei , Kang Kai , Xie Hui , Liu Baoyi , Zhang Xiuzhi , Zhang Jinsong , Yang Zhenming 
Published: February 2016

Porous tantalum metal with low elastic modulus is similar to cancellous bone. Reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) can provide three-dimensional pore structure and serves as the ideal scaffold of tantalum coating. In this study, the biocompatibility of domestic porous tantalum was first successfully tested with bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro and for bone tissue repair in vivo. We evaluated cytotoxicity of RVC scaffold and tantalum coating using BMSCs. The morphology, adhesion, and proliferation of BMSCs were observed via laser scanning confocal microscope and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, porous tantalum rods with or without autologous BMSCs were implanted on hind legs in dogs, respectively. The osteogenic potential was observed by hard tissue slice examination. At three weeks and six weeks following implantation, new osteoblasts and new bone were observed at the tantalum–host bone interface and pores. At 12 weeks postporous tantalum with autologous BMSCs implantation, regenerated trabecular equivalent to mature bone was found in the pore of tantalum rods. Our results suggested that domestic porous tantalum had excellent biocompatibility and could promote new bone formation in vivo. Meanwhile, the osteogenesis of porous tantalum associated with autologous BMSCs was more excellent than only tantalum implantation. Future clinical studies are warranted to verify the clinical efficacy of combined implantation of this domestic porous tantalum associated with autologous BMSCs implantation and compare their efficacy with conventional autologous bone grafting carrying blood vessel in patients needing bone repairing.
Stent treatment for basilar artery dissection: A single-center experience of 21 patients
Authors: Li Li , Li Tianxiao , Xue Jiangyu , Wang Ziliang , Bai Weixing , Zhu Liangfu , Feng Guang , Xu Gangqin , Yang Bowen 
Published: February 2016

Basilar artery dissection is a rare disease with high morbidity and mortality. No well-established management strategy exists for this lesion. Endovascular reconstructive therapy using stents (with or without coiling) may be the optimum strategy. We describe our center’s experience for this treatment strategy in 21 patients with basilar artery dissection from January 2009 to July 2014 (17 men, four women; age range, 18–70 years; median age, 56 years). We divided patients into two groups: Group 1 patients received stent-assisted coiling treatment, and Group 2 patients received stent-only treatment. Pre-treatment, peri-operation and follow-up evaluation were investigated for complications, clinical outcome and angiographic results. The median follow-up time was 20 months (range, 3–67 months). All patients were treated endovascularly by stent-assisted coiling (14 patients) or stent only (seven patients). Immediate angiography showed: in Group 1, five of 14 lesions were completely occluded, five were partially occluded, four revealed retention of contrast media; in Group 2, all patients (seven of seven) had contrast retention. At the follow-up visit (median seven months, 3–29 months), the aneurysms were angiographically improved in five of 13 patients in Group 1 compared with immediately post-operation, while six of sevenimproved in Group 2. Five patients (all in Group 1) had ischemic or hemorrhage peri-operation complications. Long-term good clinical outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score (mRS) ≤ 2) were achieved in all patients except three death cases (two in Group1, one in Group 2). In our experience, endovascular reconstructive therapy using stents (with or without coiling) for basilar artery dissection is effective and safe. Stent-only treatment seems have a better safety profile during the peri-operation period.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Capurso Gabriele , Signoretti Marianna , Archibugi Livia , Stigliano Serena , Delle Fave Gianfranco 
Published: February 2016

BackgroundEvidence on small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) is conflicting.AimThe purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis on the prevalence of SIBO in CP and to examine the relationship of SIBO with symptoms and nutritional status.MethodsCase‐control and cross‐sectional studies investigating SIBO in CP patients were analysed. The prevalence of positive tests was pooled across studies, and the rate of positivity between CP cases and controls was calculated.ResultsIn nine studies containing 336 CP patients, the pooled prevalence of SIBO was 36% (95% confidence interval (CI) 17–60%) with considerable heterogeneity (I 2  = 91%). A sensitivity analysis excluding studies employing lactulose breath test gave a pooled prevalence of 21.7% (95% CI 12.7–34.5%) with lower heterogeneity (I 2  = 56%). The odds ratio for a positive test in CP vs controls was 4.1 (95% CI 1.6–10.4) (I 2  = 59.7%). The relationship between symptoms and SIBO in CP patients varied across studies, and the treatment of SIBO was associated with clinical improvement.ConclusionsOne‐third of CP patients have SIBO, with a significantly increased risk over controls, although results are heterogeneous, and studies carry several limitations. The impact of SIBO and its treatment in CP patients deserve further investigation.
Uterine prolapse with endometrial eversion in association with an unusual diffuse, polypoid, fibrosing perimetritis and parametritis in a cat
Authors: Valentine Matthew J , Porter Susan , Chapwanya Aspinas , Callanan John J 
Published: February 2016

Case summary This case describes a young non-pregnant cat that presented with uterine prolapse in association with an unusual diffuse, polypoid, fibrosing perimetritis and parametritis. Following ovariohysterectomy the cat recovered fully. No intra-abdominal complications were seen on ultrasound examination 3 months postsurgery. At the time of writing, the cat remains healthy. Relevance and novel information Uterine prolapse in the cat is relatively rare and usually associated with the periparturient period. Inflammatory polypoid perimetritis and parametritis have not previously been documented in cats, and in dogs have only been reported in association with the administration of oestrogenic compounds. The polypoid inflammation affecting the uterus and parametrium may have contributed to increased laxity of the uterine ligaments and predisposed to the development of uterine prolapse.
Broadwick: a framework for computational epidemiology
Authors: O’Hare Anthony , Lycett Samantha J. , Doherty Thomas , M. Salvador Liliana C. , Kao Rowland R. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Background
Modelling disease outbreaks often involves integrating the wealth of data that are gathered during modern outbreaks into complex mathematical or computational models of transmission. Incorporating these data into simple compartmental epidemiological models is often challenging, requiring the use of more complex but also more efficient computational models. In this paper we introduce a new framework that allows for a more systematic and user-friendly way of building and running epidemiological models that efficiently handles disease data and reduces much of the boilerplate code that usually associated to these models. We introduce the framework by developing an SIR model on a simple network as an example.

Results
We develop Broadwick, a modular, object-oriented epidemiological framework that efficiently handles large epidemiological datasets and provides packages for stochastic simulations, parameter inference using Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. Each algorithm used is fully customisable with sensible defaults that are easily overridden by custom algorithms as required.

Conclusion
Broadwick is an epidemiological modelling framework developed to increase the productivity of researchers by providing a common framework with which to develop and share complex models. It will appeal to research team leaders as it allows for models to be created prior to a disease outbreak and has the ability to handle large datasets commonly found in epidemiological modelling.
SPARTA: Simple Program for Automated reference-based bacterial RNA-seq Transcriptome Analysis
Authors: Johnson Benjamin K. , Scholz Matthew B. , Teal Tracy K. , Abramovitch Robert B. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Background
Many tools exist in the analysis of bacterial RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) transcriptional profiling experiments to identify differentially expressed genes between experimental conditions. Generally, the workflow includes quality control of reads, mapping to a reference, counting transcript abundance, and statistical tests for differentially expressed genes. In spite of the numerous tools developed for each component of an RNA-seq analysis workflow, easy-to-use bacterially oriented workflow applications to combine multiple tools and automate the process are lacking. With many tools to choose from for each step, the task of identifying a specific tool, adapting the input/output options to the specific use-case, and integrating the tools into a coherent analysis pipeline is not a trivial endeavor, particularly for microbiologists with limited bioinformatics experience.

Results
To make bacterial RNA-seq data analysis more accessible, we developed a Simple Program for Automated reference-based bacterial RNA-seq Transcriptome Analysis (SPARTA). SPARTA is a reference-based bacterial RNA-seq analysis workflow application for single-end Illumina reads. SPARTA is turnkey software that simplifies the process of analyzing RNA-seq data sets, making bacterial RNA-seq analysis a routine process that can be undertaken on a personal computer or in the classroom. The easy-to-install, complete workflow processes whole transcriptome shotgun sequencing data files by trimming reads and removing adapters, mapping reads to a reference, counting gene features, calculating differential gene expression, and, importantly, checking for potential batch effects within the data set. SPARTA outputs quality analysis reports, gene feature counts and differential gene expression tables and scatterplots.

Conclusions
SPARTA provides an easy-to-use bacterial RNA-seq transcriptional profiling workflow to identify differentially expressed genes between experimental conditions. This software will enable microbiologists with limited bioinformatics experience to analyze their data and integrate next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies into the classroom. The SPARTA software and tutorial are available at sparta.readthedocs.org.
Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Rural Rwanda: Promising Early Outcomes
Authors: Tapela Neo , Nzayisenga Ignace , Sethi Roshan , Bigirimana Jean Bosco , Habineza Hamissy , Hategekimana Vedaste , Mantini Nicholas , Mpunga Tharcisse , Shulman Lawrence N. , Lehmann Leslie 
Published: February 2016

Purpose The burden of cancer is rising in low- and middle-income countries, yet cancer treatment requires resources that are often not available in these settings. Although management of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has been described in low- and middle-income countries, few programs involve patients treated in rural settings. We describe characteristics and early outcomes of patients treated for CML at rural district hospitals in Rwanda. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of patients with confirmed BCR-ABL–positive CML who were enrolled between July 1, 2009 and June 30, 2014. Types of data included patient demographics, diagnostic work up, treatment, clinical examination, laboratory testing, and death. Results Forty-three patients were included, with a maximum follow-up of 58 months. Of 31 patients who were imatinib-naïve at enrollment, 54.8% were men and the median age at diagnosis was 36.9 years (interquartile range: 29-42 years). Approximately two-thirds of patients (67.7%) were on the national public insurance scheme. The imatinib dose was reduced for 16 patients and discontinued for five. Thirty-two of the 43 patients continued to have normal blood counts at last follow-up. Four patients have died and four are lost to follow-up. Conclusion Our experience indicates that CML can be effectively managed in a resource-constrained rural setting, despite limited availability of on-site diagnostic resources or specialty oncology personnel. The importance of model public-private partnerships as a strategy to bring high-cost, life-saving treatment to people who do not have the ability to pay is also highlighted.
Gonadal Hormones Rapidly Enhance Spatial Memory and Increase Hippocampal Spine Density in Male Rats
Authors: Jacome Luis F. , Barateli Ketti , Buitrago Dina , Lema Franklin , Frankfurt Maya , Luine Victoria N. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
17β-estradiol (E2) rapidly, within minutes, activates behaviors and cognition by binding to membrane estrogen receptors, activating cell signaling cascades and increasing dendritic spines. In female rodents, E2 enhances spatial memory within 2–4 hours, and spine density is increased in the CA1 area of the hippocampus within 30–60 minutes. Although chronic gonadal hormone treatments in male rats alter cognition and spines/spine synapses and acute hormone effects occur in hippocampal slices, effects of acute, in vivo hormone administration in males are unknown. Therefore, we assessed rapid effects of E2 (20 μg/kg) and testosterone (T) (750 μg/kg) on spatial memory using the object placement task and on hippocampal spine density using Golgi impregnation. Orchidectomized rats received hormones immediately after the training trial and were tested for retention 2 hours later. Vehicle-injected orchidectomized males spent equal time exploring objects in the old and new locations, but E2- or T-treated subjects spent more time exploring objects at the new location, suggesting enhanced memory. Both hormones also increased spine density in CA1, but not the dentate gyrus, by 20%–40% at 30 minutes and 2 hours after injections. This report is the first, to our knowledge, to show E2 and T enhancements of memory and spine density within such a short time frame in male rats.
Prevalence of Malignancies in Patients With Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Lang K. , Weber K. , Quinkler M. , Dietz A. S. , Wallaschofski H. , Hannemann A. , Friedrichs N. , Rump L. C. , Heinze B. , Fuss C. T. , Quack I. , Willenberg H. S. , Reincke M. , Allolio B. , Hahner S. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractContext:Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension. Aldosterone excess can cause DNA damage in vitro and in vivo. Single case reports have indicated a coincidence of PA with renal cell carcinoma and other tumors. However, the prevalence of benign and malignant neoplasms in patients with PA has not yet been studied.Patients and Design:In the multicenter MEPHISTO study, the prevalence of benign and malignant tumors was investigated in 335 patients with confirmed PA. Matched hypertensive subjects from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania cohort served as controls.Results:Of the 335 PA patients, 119 (35.5%) had been diagnosed with a tumor at any time, and 30 had two or more neoplasms. Lifetime malignancy occurrence was reported in 9.6% of PA patients compared to 6.0% of hypertensive controls (P = .08). PA patients with a history of malignancy had higher baseline aldosterone levels at diagnosis of PA (P = .009), and a strong association between aldosterone levels and the prevalence of malignancies was observed (P = .03). In total, 157 neoplasms were identified in the PA patients; they were benign in 61% and malignant in 25% of the cases (14% of unknown dignity). Renal cell carcinoma was diagnosed in five patients (13% of all malignancies) and was not reported in controls.Conclusion:Compared to hypertensive controls, the prevalence of malignancies was positively correlated with aldosterone levels, tended to be higher in PA patients, but did not differ significantly.
Revaluing Repetition: John Clare’s Verse-Thinking
Authors: Levine Caroline 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis essay seeks to revalue repetition in literary studies. Critics have often treated repetition—clichés, rules, norms, mechanization, monotony—as the painful or oppressive backdrop against which their best values emerge: originality, distinctiveness, resistance. But this critical tendency has carried its own repressive effects, including wresting our attention from collectivities and solidarities. A reading of John Clare’s 1820 poem “The Harvest Morning” shows that repetition is crucial to the exercise of political and economic power and that poetic forms, especially rhythm and rhyme, are well suited for theorizing the repetitions of political power through their own intrinsic repetitiveness.
Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Historiographical Poetics
Authors: Levine Naomi 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s imperfect rhymes, criticized since the nineteenth century, strangely resemble her blank verse. This essay argues that her experiments in poetic form should be viewed in relation to her reading and writing of literary history, particularly her intellectual engagement with the work of Henry Hallam. Barrett Browning’s remarks in the margins of Hallam’s books and in a historiographical essay of her own reveal a poet thinking about her craft in the context of a transnational history of poetry. Barrett Browning’s idiosyncratic prosody becomes another means of writing literary history.
Superversive Poetics: Browning’s Fifine at the Fair
Authors: Jarvis Simon 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
A superversive line is that line in a given poem which most eminently exploits the play between syntactic and metrical segmentation, between an ordinary and a special phonology; which peculiarizes verse as verse. A superversive poetics places composition and technique, not theme and representation, at the center of the historically material practices of poetry. For superversive poetics, poems are not only representations but also quite singular machines, devices for body modification. Here the verse repertoire of Robert Browning’s Fifine at the Fair, in particular its exploitation of bimetricality, is explored from the point of view of such a poetics.
Effect of LXR/RXR agonism on brain and CSF Aβ40 levels in rats
Authors: Wang Songli , Wen Paul , Wood Stephen 
Published: February 2016

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized pathologically by the presence of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The amyloid hypothesis contends that the abnormal accumulation of Aβ, the principal component of amyloid plaques, plays an essential role in initiating the disease. Impaired clearance of soluble Aβ from the brain, a process facilitated by apolipoprotein E (APOE), is believed to be a contributing factor in plaque formation. APOE expression is transcriptionally regulated through the action of a family of nuclear receptors including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and liver X receptors (LXRs) in coordination with retinoid X receptors (RXRs). It has been previously reported that various agonists of this receptor family can influence brain Aβ levels in rodents. In this study we investigated the effects of LXR/RXR agonism on brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of Aβ40 in naïve rats. Treatment of rats for 3 days or 7 days with the LXR agonist, TO901317 or the RXR agonist, Bexarotene did not result in significant changes in brain or CSF Aβ40 levels.
Factors enabling implementation of integrated health and social care: a systematic review
Authors: Mackie Sue , Darvill Angela 
Published: February 2016

Background: In spite of ongoing UK Government recommendations for integrated health and social care, the implementation has been slow. While there are pockets of integration happening across England, many services remain isolated and fragmented. Aim: This review aims to critically review existing evidence to identify if there are any factors enabling successful implementation of integrated health and social care for people with long-term conditions in the community. Method: A review was conducted following the principles of a systematic review. Relevant data was extracted from the identified papers and the papers were quality appraised. Results: A total of seven studies were included in the review. Data analysis and synthesis identified a number of themes in relation to enablers of integrated care, including co-location of teams, communication, integrated organisations, management and leadership, capacity and resources, and information technology. Conclusion: There is a limited amount of evidence regarding integrated health and social care teams. Although there are some consistencies within the findings, further research is needed to enhance the validity of the body of evidence available.
‘His knife and hands bloody’: Sweeney Todd’s journey from page to stage – melodrama, adaptation and the original 1847 manuscript
Authors: Winter Sarah A. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The Victorian stage life of Sweeney Todd, evolving from George Dibdin Pitt’s adaptation in 1847, has been fairly widely discussed in nineteenth-century theatre scholarship. However, the majority of previous examinations focus on a version of Dibdin Pitt’s melodrama available in John Dicks’ collection of plays from 1883. A much earlier manuscript from 1847 is archived in the British Library’s Lord Chamberlain’s Plays Collection, which became more openly accessible when Sharon Aronofsky Weltman reproduced the entire text in her special journal issue on the play (2011). The manuscript reveals that the inaugural text and performances starkly contrast with the 1883 version. Apart from Weltman’s publication, to date there has been minute critical attention to the 1847 text. This article offers a close analysis of the adaptation processes from Edward Lloyd’s penny blood to the melodramatic reworking, in order to provide the necessary re-examination of a canonical example of a Victorian stage villain. The transition in 1847 demonstrates how and why Todd took centre-stage, the synergy between Dibdin Pitt’s adaptation of the character and contemporary anxieties over urban crime, and that the barber’s theatre debut was the catalyst for fuelling his urban legend, which still remains in the present day.
Interference laser processing
Authors: Nakata Yoshiki 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The most important component of quantum optics is laser interference. Interference patterns are formed by splitting a coherent beam into multiple beams and correlating them. This study introduces a variety of beam correlators and discusses their characteristics. Beam correlator basics such as interference region in terms of pulse width, group delay dispersion effects on pulse width, optical delay adjustment, and interference pattern simulation are explained. A discussion of the history of interference processing begins with the method in 1967 and continues through the advancement of shorter wavelengths and pulse widths. The recent techniques of solid-liquid-solid for 3D nanofabrication, duplicated structures with laser-induced periodic surface structure, processing inside transparent materials, and 2D and 3D periodic structures fabricated by photo-sensitization are also presented.