bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of monosodium glutamate on physicochemical properties and quality of Alkali‐treated Pacific white shrimp
Authors: Benjakul Soottawat , Kingwascharapong Passakorn 
Published: June 2016

SummaryPhysicochemical properties and quality of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) treated with alkaline soaking solution (ASS; 0.75% NaOH with 2.5% NaCl) containing 3% monosodium glutamate (MSG), pH 11.5 (ASS+3% MSG) were investigated, in comparison with those treated with mixed phosphates or ASS alone. Muscle proteins underwent conformational changes as evidenced by the shift of Tmax to the lower temperature and the increased negative charge when treated with ASS+3% MSG. This coincided with the higher moisture and NaCl contents (P < 0.05). Such a treatment led to the pronounced swelling of muscle fibrils as visualised by scanning electron microscope. Highest likeness score for all attributes except for flavour was observed in sample treated with ASS+3% MSG. Slightly fishy odour in the treated sample was associated with higher abundance of volatile compounds, especially alcohol and aldehyde. Thus, ASS+3% MSG could be used as the replacer of phosphate and bicarbonate for shrimp processing.
Interrupting Everyday Life: Public Interventionist Art as Critical Public Pedagogy
Authors: Desai Dipti , Darts David 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this article we explore two urban interventions art projects in the public sphere designed by our Masters’ students at New York University as they set the stage for a discussion on how urban art interventions can function as a form of critical public pedagogy. We argue that these kinds of public art projects provided a space for dialogue with people on the streets about the increased corporatisation of the public sphere. This kind of urban interventionism, we believe, is needed in art education today, as the public sphere is increasingly being eroded by private interests and it is only by reclaiming the public sphere that we can develop a cultural politics that in turn renews our democracy.
Reconstructing Imagined Finnishness: The Case of Art Education through the Concept of Place
Authors: Paatela‐Nieminen Martina , Itkonen Tuija , Talib Mirja‐Tytti 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis multidisciplinary article presents a methodology, a research project and selected outcomes from an environmental art education course for teacher students. The course is part of an art education minor at the University of Helsinki, Department of Teacher Education. The students were asked to construct their place through an intertextual art method that provided them the means to study their place open‐endedly as a space of plural cultural meanings. Applying the results from their intertextual process, they reconstructed their place artistically. The end product was a personal work of art that included traces of their chosen places, and created a new meaning for it. The outcome is a visual space of compacted meanings from different places. Places contain history and memories important to identity construction. The results show that the intertextual reading extends the students’ concept of place as a space for relational and plural cultural meanings. Foucault's concept of heterotopia, as it applies to otherness of places and spaces, was used alongside the intertextual art method.
Developing the personal narratives of children with complex communication needs associated with intellectual disabilities: What is the potential of Storysharing®?
Authors: Bunning Karen , Gooch Lynsey , Johnson Miranda 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundSharing personal experience in narrative is challenging for individuals with intellectual disabilities. The aim was to investigate the potential of Storysharing® (Storysharing is an innovative communication method based on personal narrative, which has been developed to support conversations with people who have severe difficulties in communication) intervention.Materials and MethodsThe study involved eleven pupil‐educational supporter dyads at a special school. Storysharing® was implemented over a 15‐week period. Personal narratives were captured on video pre‐ and post‐intervention. The data were analysed for discourse and narrative.ResultsSignificant differences revealed a decline in ‘query‐answer’ sequences and an increase in supporter use of ‘prompts’. After intervention, there were fewer story episodes. Narrative structure showed gains in action sequences leading to climax, and in closing elements, indicating a more complete narrative.ConclusionsThe Storysharing® intervention appears to be associated with changes to the dyadic, personal narratives illustrating its potential.
Feasibility of Water Efficiency and Reuse Technologies as Demand‐Side Strategies for Urban Water Management
Authors: Berhanu Bruk M. , Blackhurst Michael , Kirisits Mary Jo , Jamarillo Paulina , Carlson Derrick 
Published: June 2016

SummaryPotable residential water efficiency and reuse technologies have seen increasing adoption in recent years and have been estimated to reduce demands by up to 50%. In this work, we used an engineering economic model to estimate the technically feasible levelized cost of water provided by seven above‐code water efficiency (i.e., beyond that required by building code) and reuse technologies within the Lower Colorado River Authority (LCRA) in central Texas. Unlike other demand‐side studies of residential water use, we model uncertainty and variation in technology adoption cost and performance; include reuse technologies; and differentiate between new construction and retrofits. We developed a conservation supply curve to compare the levelized cost of efficiency and reuse technologies with conventional supply‐side water management strategies. We estimate that efficiency and reuse in the residential sector can meet 85% of 50‐year projected needs (the difference between projected demand and estimated supplies) for the LCRA service area. We also estimate lower levelized costs for immediate retrofits of most technologies, promoting incentives for early technology adoption. However, efficiency and reuse technology performance demonstrates considerable uncertainty and variability. The fraction of demands met by demand‐side strategies range from around 60% to 100%. Occupancy drives much of the variability because it significantly affects demand. These results promote designing incentives for adoption of water efficiency and reuse technologies based upon use. We find that water‐efficient showerheads and bathroom faucet aerators perform well over a variety of assumptions, indicating that these technologies should be a priority for municipalities seeking water demand reductions.
WHEELS OF FORTUNE: SUBWAY EXPANSION AND PROPERTY VALUES IN BEIJING
Authors: Li Shanjun , Yang Jun , Qin Ping , Chonabayashi Shun 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTChina is experiencing rapid urbanization. Its capital city, Beijing, experienced a 53 percent increase in population from 2001 to 2013. To address traffic congestion and air pollution, two of the most pressing urban challenges, Beijing has been investing heavily in transportation infrastructure. In particular, the subway system added 15 new subway lines with a total length of 410 km of over the 12‐year period. We quantify the capitalization of large‐scale subway construction into property values in a first‐differenced hedonic price framework while controlling for confounding factors and reverse causality. Our analysis finds a positive and significant impact of subway proximity on property values: a reduction in the distance to a subway station by 1 km increases the value of properties within 3 km of the station by 15 percent, and by 3.4 percent for properties within 3–5 km. Our analysis shows that the increase in property values can more than cover the capital cost of subway construction.
Voltage-operated potassium (Kv) channels contribute to endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation of carvacrol on rat aorta
Authors: Testai Lara , Chericoni Silvio , Martelli Alma , Flamini Guido , Breschi Maria Cristina , Calderone Vincenzo 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Objectives
Carvacrol, a monoterpene widely present in nature, is commonly used in the food industry and in cosmetics, besides to possess a plethora of pharmacological properties, among these also in vitro vasorelaxing effects and in vivo hypotensive responses. Although in rat aortic rings carvacrol evoked a vasodilatation both in the presence and in the absence of endothelium, in preparations with intact endothelial layer its vasoactive response markedly improved.

Methods
This study aimed at investigating the mechanism of action responsible for the endothelial component of the carvacrol-induced vasorelaxing response observed in rat isolated aortic rings.

Key findings
Pharmacological characterization led us to exclude the involvement of NO pathway (neither L-NAME, NO biosynthesis inhibitor, nor ODQ, guanylate cyclase inhibitor, was able to modify the vascular effects of carvacrol) and of arachidonic acid cascade (no inhibitor intercepting the cascade influenced the endothelial-dependent vasodilatation of the monoterpene). Moreover, endothelial TRP channels were also not involved, as capsazepine did not antagonize vasorelaxing effect.
Finally, endothelial potassium channels were considered as possible targets of carvacrol; indeed, two voltage-operated potassium (Kv) channel blockers, 4-aminopyridine and quinine, significantly reduced carvacrol potency and efficacy indices.

Conclusions
Kv channels seem to be responsible for vascular effects of the monoterpene typical of Labiatae family.
A case of chromoblastomycosis by Fonsecaea nubica indicating a possible insect route of transmission
Authors: Chen Yingdan , Yin Songchao , Li Meirong , Chen Rongzhang , Wei Ling , Ma Han , Deng Shuwen , de Hoog Gert Sybren , Lai Wei , Lu Chun , Feng Peiying 
Published: June 2016

SummaryA first auricular case of chromoblastomycosis due to Fonsecaea nubica is reported in a 42‐year‐old Chinese male. He presented a slightly verrucous, erythematous plaque on his right auricle which had gradually extended over a 10‐year period, and the patient reported a history of dog flea sting before onset of the lesions. Diagnosis was based on histopathological and mycological examination of clinical samples, which revealed muriform cells. Identification of the aetiological agent was assessed by morphological characteristics and confirmed at species level by sequencing of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS). The patient showed marked clinical improvement after 3 months combination therapy with itraconazole and terbinafine. The possible mode of transmission of auricular chromoblastomycosis is discussed.
Subacute lobar encephalitis presenting as cerebellar ataxia and generalized cognitive impairment with positive anti‐glutamate receptor antibodies
Authors: Nagasako Yuki , Sakurai Yasuhisa , Sugimoto Izumi , Takahashi Yukitoshi 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe report a patient with anti‐glutamate receptor (GluN2B, GluN1 and GluD2) antibody‐positive and anti‐N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor antibody‐negative encephalitis presenting as cerebellar ataxia and generalized cognitive impairment. Intravenous corticosteroid pulse therapy markedly resolved his symptoms 6 weeks after onset. Marked impairment of the cortical function with a relatively preserved level of consciousness, and a favorable response to corticosteroid therapy might occur in immune‐mediated lobar encephalitis associated with anti‐glutamate receptor antibodies.
Pragmatic hydraulic theory predicts stomatal responses to climatic water deficits
Authors: Sperry John S. , Wang Yujie , Wolfe Brett T. , Mackay D. Scott , Anderegg William R. L. , McDowell Nate G. , Pockman William T. 
Published: June 2016

Summary

Ecosystem models have difficulty predicting plant drought responses, partially from uncertainty in the stomatal response to water deficits in soil and atmosphere. We evaluate a ‘supply–demand’ theory for water‐limited stomatal behavior that avoids the typical scaffold of empirical response functions. The premise is that canopy water demand is regulated in proportion to threat to supply posed by xylem cavitation and soil drying.

The theory was implemented in a trait‐based soil–plant–atmosphere model. The model predicted canopy transpiration (E), canopy diffusive conductance (G), and canopy xylem pressure (Pcanopy) from soil water potential (Psoil) and vapor pressure deficit (D).

Modeled responses to D and Psoil were consistent with empirical response functions, but controlling parameters were hydraulic traits rather than coefficients. Maximum hydraulic and diffusive conductances and vulnerability to loss in hydraulic conductance dictated stomatal sensitivity and hence the iso‐ to anisohydric spectrum of regulation. The model matched wide fluctuations in G and Pcanopy across nine data sets from seasonally dry tropical forest and piñon–juniper woodland with < 26% mean error.

Promising initial performance suggests the theory could be useful in improving ecosystem models. Better understanding of the variation in hydraulic properties along the root–stem–leaf continuum will simplify parameterization.
The Humanbecoming theory as a reinterpretation of the symbolic interactionism: a critique of its specific nature and scientific underpinnings
Authors: Tapp Diane , Lavoie Mireille 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDiscussions about real knowledge contained in grand theories and models seem to remain an active quest in the academic sphere. The most fervent of these defendants is Rosemarie Parse with her Humanbecoming School of Thought (1981, 1998). This article first highlights the similarities between Parse's theory and Blumer's symbolic interactionism (1969). This comparison will act as a counterargument to Parse's assertions that her theory is original ‘nursing’ material. Standing on the contemporary philosophy of science, the very possibility for discovering specific nursing knowledge will be questioned. Second, Parse's scientific assumptions will be thoroughly addressed and contrasted with Blumer's more moderate view of knowledge. It will lead to recognize that the valorization of the social nature of existence and reality does not necessarily induce requirements and methods such as those proposed by Parse. According to Blumer's point of view, her perspective may not even be desirable. Recommendations will be raised about the necessity for a distanced relationship to knowledge, being the key to the pursuit of its improvement, not its circular contemplation.
Transient Two-Phase Flow Model for High Viscous Liquids Over Hilly Terrain
Authors: Parra Abraham , Asuaje Miguel 
Published: June 2016

This paper presents the detailed development of a multiphase model to predict the behavior of terrain-induced slugging, influenced by the viscous effects and hilly terrain.
Currently, high viscosity heavy crude oil represents most of the available fossil resources. This crude flows inside long and expensive pipelines, usually over hilly terrain, causing the formation of slug flow. A very common flow pattern produces critical effects on pipelines in terms of modelling, mechanical stress, induced oscillations, fatigue, production losses, and other negative effects for the system. An accurate characterization of this pattern may give critical data for the mechanical design of piping systems and provide valuable information for the downstream process equipment selection.
At present, most of the existing models to predict the behavior of slug flow neglect relevant parameters such as the effect of liquid viscosity and the effect of topographic terrain profile. The objective of this study is to present a mechanistic fluid model to determine the behavior of slug flow affected by the hilly terrain using viscous fluids. The model predicts the four stages of slug flow proposed by Schmidt et al. [1], and extends these stages to hilly terrain systems. The model is valid for a wide range of fluid viscosities and considers a range of pipe inclinations between 0° and 90°. Model validation with available literature and experimental data, shows a maximum deviation of 6%.
Quantification of Cooling Fan Airflow Installation Effects Compared to Plenum-to-Plenum Fan Performance
Authors: Gullberg Peter 
Published: June 2016

The classic approach of cooling airflow and cooling performance analysis is to measure component performance (pressure rise, pressure drop, rejected heat etc.) in a Plenum to Plenum test facility. Based on this component data a 1D system model is built and calibrated with full vehicle test data. Full vehicle data is typically acquired from a chassis dynamometer.
This modeling approach assumes each component operates in a similar manner in the rig as in the vehicle. Concerning the fan, several effects are then assumed negligible such as airflow distribution into the fan and also non uniform pressure gradients in the installation aft of the fan.
This paper study and quantify these assumptions and installation effects by the use of 3D CFD correlated to experimental data. The first part will be to demonstrate a correlation between performance test data in a Plenum to Plenum test facility and the corresponding simulation thereof. Based on this correlation the test rig influence can be isolated and removed from the fan performance measurement (based on detailed CFD information). The second part will be to regenerate the fan curve in a truck installation by using 3D CFD and varying the system restriction. This step will also be correlated to Vehicle testing in a chassis dynamometer. The third step will be to compare the in rig fan performance curve to the in vehicle fan performance curve.
The results indicate that the plenum to plenum test rig significantly influence the performance data of the fan in a non-trivial way. Removing the rig influence on the fan performance this paper demonstrates that the fan operates similar in the rig as in the truck.
Method for Characterization of Passive Mechanical Filtration of Particles in Digital Microfluidic Devices
Authors: Dunning Peter D. , Sullivan Pierre E. , Schertzer Michael J. 
Published: June 2016

The ability to remove unbound biological material from a reaction site has applications in many biological protocols, such as those used to detect pathogens and biomarkers. One specific application where washing is critical is the Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA). This protocol requires multiple washing steps to remove multiple reagents from a reaction site. Previous work has suggested that a passive mechanical comb filter can be used to wash particles in digital microfluidic devices. A method for the characterization of passive mechanical filtration of particles in Digital MicroFluidic (DMF) devices is presented in this work.
In recent years there has been increased development of Lab-On-A-Chip (LOAC) devices for the automation and miniaturization of biological protocols. One platform for further research is in digital microfluidics. A digital microfluidic device can control the movement of pico-to nanoliter droplets of fluid using electrical signals without the use of pumps, valves, and channels. As such, fluidic pathways are not hardwired and the path of each droplet can be easily reconfigured. This is advantageous in biological protocols requiring the use of multiple reagents. Fabrication of these devices is relatively straight forward, since fluid manipulation is possible without the use of complex components.
This work presents a method to characterize the performance of a digital microfluidic device using passive mechanical supernatant dilution via image analysis using a low cost vision system. The primary metric for performance of the device is particle retention after multiple passes through the filter. Repeatability of the process will be examined by characterizing performance of multiple devices using the same filter geometry. Qualitative data on repeatability and effectiveness of the dilution technique will also be attained by observing the ease with which the droplet disengages from the filter and by measuring the quantity of fluid trapped on the filter after each filtration step.
Screen-Based Behaviors of Adolescents in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Asaduzzaman , Burton Nicola W. 
Published: June 2016

Background:The time spent by adolescents in electronic screen-based activities has been associated with obesity and other adverse health outcomes; however, little is known about screen-based behaviors in Asian adolescents. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence, patterns, and correlates of recreational screen-based behaviors among adolescents in Bangladesh.Methods:A total of 758 students (52% girls), aged 13 to 16 years, from 8 secondary schools of Dhaka city, Bangladesh, completed a survey in which the Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire was used to collect information on screen time. Total screen time was categorized as ≤2 h/day (low) or >2 h/day (high).Results:Approximately 79% of the adolescents had high recreational screen time, with similar values for boys (78%) and girls (80%). Median reported recreational screen time was 4.0 h/day; boys had longer times (4.3 h/day) than girls (3.6 h/day). Multivariable analyses showed that high screen time was more common among boys than girls and was positively associated with commuting to school by car, consumption of fast food ≥3 times/week, having sleep disturbance, and high family income.Conclusions:This study identified high rates of recreational screen time among urban adolescents in Bangladesh and specific correlates of prolonged screen time; the results underscore the need to develop pragmatic strategies to reduce sedentariness among adolescents in Bangladesh.