bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Submaximal exercise training improves mitochondrial efficiency in the gluteus medius but not in the triceps brachii of young equine athletes
Authors: White Sarah. H. , Warren Lori K. , Li Chengcheng , Wohlgemuth Stephanie E. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe tested the hypothesis that, similar to humans and rodents, exercise training would enhance mitochondrial (Mt) biogenesis and function in skeletal muscle of young horses. Twenty-four Quarter Horse yearlings were randomly assigned to either submaximal exercise training or no forced exercise (untrained). Biopsies were collected from the gluteus medius and triceps brachii before and after 9 wk of treatment. Citrate synthase activity was lower (P < 0.0001) and cytochrome c oxidase activity per Mt unit was higher (P < 0.0001) in gluteus compared to triceps, but neither changed over the trial period. From wk 0 to 9, intrinsic Mt respiration (P
CI
, P
CI+II
; P = 0.008) and electron transport capacity (E
CI+II
; P = 0.01) increased, and LEAK-related flux control factor (FCFL; P = 0.02) decreased in both muscles. After 9 wk of training, gluteus muscle exhibited higher (P < 0.05) intrinsic P
CI
, P
CI+II
, E
CI+II
, and FCFCI and FCF
CI+II
, and lower FCFL (P = 0.0002). Mitochondrial content did not change from wk 0 to 9, and also not in response to submaximal exercise training. Improvements in Mt function were most directly related to ongoing growth of horses independent of muscle group, and training further enhanced Mt function in the gluteus medius.
The Sulforaphane and pyridoxamine supplementation normalize endothelial dysfunction associated with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Pereira Ana , Fernandes Rosa , Crisóstomo Joana , Seiça Raquel M. , Sena Cristina M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this study we investigate pyridoxamine (PM) and/or sulforaphane (SFN) as therapeutic interventions to determine whether activators of NFE2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) can be used in addition with inhibitors of advanced glycation end products (AGE) formation to attenuate oxidative stress and improve endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Goto-kakizaki (GK) rats, an animal model of non-obese type 2 diabetes, were treated with or without PM and/or SFN during 8 weeks and compared with age-matched Wistar rats. At the end of the treatment, nitric oxide (NO)-dependent and independent vasorelaxation in isolated aorta and mesenteric arteries were evaluated. Metabolic profile, NO bioavailability and vascular oxidative stress, AGE and Nrf2 levels were also assessed. Diabetic GK rats presented significantly lower levels of Nrf2 and concomitantly exhibited higher levels of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. PM and SFN as monotherapy were capable of significantly improving endothelial dysfunction in aorta and mesenteric arteries decreasing vascular oxidative damage, AGE and HbA1c levels. Furthermore, SFN + PM proved more effective reducing systemic free fatty acids levels, normalizing endothelial function, NO bioavailability and glycation in GK rats. Activators of Nrf2 can be used therapeutically in association with inhibitors of AGE and cross-linking formation to normalize endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes.
Serum Levels of M2BPGi as Short-Term Predictors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Untreated Chronic Hepatitis B Patients
Authors: Liu Jessica , Hu Hui-Han , Lee Mei-Hsuan , Korenaga Masaaki , Jen Chin-Lan , Batrla-Utermann Richard , Lu Sheng-Nan , Wang Li-Yu , Mizokami Masashi , Chen Chien-Jen , Yang Hwai-I 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study examines the role of M2BPGi, a novel seromarker for chronic hepatitis, in predicting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among untreated chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. In this nested case-control study, 1070 samples were assayed for M2BPGi, including 357 samples from HCC cases, and 713 samples from non-HCC controls, collected at various times throughout follow-up. HCC case samples were stratified according to years prior to diagnosis. Associations between M2BPGi and HCC were examined with multivariate logistic regression. M2BPGi, α-fetoprotein (AFP), and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels were significant independent short-term predictors of HCC, while M2BPGi was insignificant in long-term analyses. Compared to M2BPGi levels <1.0 cut-off index (COI), those with levels ≥2.0 COI had multivariate odds ratios (95% CI) for HCC of 7.40 (2.40–22.78), 6.46 (2.58–16.18), and 2.24 (0.97–5.15), respectively, for prediction of HCC within 1-2, 2–5, and ≥5 years. Higher proportions of individuals had M2BPGi levels ≥2.0 COI in samples closer to HCC diagnosis. Areas under receiver operating characteristic curves for models with M2BPGi, AFP, and HBsAg levels predicting HCC within 1–2, 2–5, and >5 years were 0.84, 0.81, and 0.75. M2BPGi is a strong and independent short-term predictor of HCC in CHB patients.
Micromolar affinity CAR T cells to ICAM-1 achieves rapid tumor elimination while avoiding systemic toxicity
Authors: Park Spencer , Shevlin Enda , Vedvyas Yogindra , Zaman Marjan , Park Susan , Hsu Yen-Michael S. , Min Irene M. , Jin Moonsoo M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAdoptive transfer of high-affinity chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting hematological cancers has yielded impressive clinical results. However, safety concerns regarding target expression on healthy tissue and poor efficacy have hampered application to solid tumors. Here, a panel of affinity-variant CARs were constructed targeting overexpressed ICAM-1, a broad tumor biomarker, using its physiological ligand, LFA-1. Anti-tumor T cell potencyin vitrowas directly proportional to CAR affinity and ICAM-1 density. In a solid tumor mouse model allowing simultaneous monitoring of anti-tumor potency and systemic off-tumor toxicity, micromolar affinity CAR T cells demonstrated superior anti-tumor efficacy and safety compared to their nanomolar counterparts. Longitudinal T cell tracking by PET/CT and concurrent cytokine measurement revealed superior expansion and contraction kinetics of micromolar affinity CAR T cells. Therefore, we developed an ICAM-1 specific CAR with broad anti-tumor applicability that utilized a reduced affinity targeting strategy to significantly boost efficacy and safety.
Population dynamics of enteric Salmonella in response to antimicrobial use in beef feedlot cattle
Authors: Ohta Naomi , Norman Keri N. , Norby Bo , Lawhon Sara D. , Vinasco Javier , den Bakker Henk , Loneragan Guy H. , Scott H. Morgan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA randomized controlled longitudinal field trial was undertaken to assess the effects of injectable ceftiofur crystalline-free acid (CCFA) versus in-feed chlortetracycline on the temporal dynamics of Salmonella enterica spp. enterica in feedlot cattle. Two replicates of 8 pens (total 176 steers) received one of 4 different regimens. All, or one, out of 11 steers were treated with CCFA on day 0 in 8 pens, with half of the pens later receiving three 5-day regimens of chlortetracycline from day 4 to day 20. Salmonella was isolated from faecal samples and antimicrobial susceptibility was analysed via microbroth dilution. Serotype was determined by whole-genome sequencing. On day 0, mean Salmonella prevalence was 75.0% and the vast majority of isolates were pansusceptible. Both antimicrobials reduced overall prevalence of Salmonella; however, these treatments increased the proportion of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Salmonella from day 4 through day 26, which was the last day of faecal collection. Only six Salmonella serotypes were detected. Salmonella serotype Reading isolates were extensively MDR, suggesting a strong association between serotype and resistance. Our study demonstrates that the selection pressures of a 3rd generation cephalosporin and chlortetracycline during the feeding period contribute to dynamic population shifts between antimicrobial susceptible and resistant Salmonella.
Stress-induced nuclear accumulation is dispensable for Hog1-dependent gene expression and virulence in a fungal pathogen
Authors: Day Alison M. , Herrero-de-Dios Carmen M. , MacCallum Donna M. , Brown Alistair J. P. , Quinn Janet 
Published: October 2017

AbstractStress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) pathways are evolutionarily conserved eukaryotic signalling modules that are essential for the virulence of human pathogenic fungi. The Hog1 SAPK in Candida albicans is robustly phosphorylated in response to a number of host-imposed stresses, and is essential for virulence. The current dogma is that stress-induced phosphorylation activates the SAPK, and promotes its nuclear accumulation that is necessary for the expression of SAPK-dependent stress-protective genes. Here we challenge this dogma. C. albicans strains were constructed in which Hog1 was either tethered to the plasma membrane or constitutively nuclear. Strikingly, tethering Hog1 to the plasma membrane did not abrogate stress resistance or stress-induced gene expression. Furthermore, preventing the nuclear accumulation of Hog1 had no impact on C. albicans virulence in two distinct models of systemic infection. However, tethering Hog1 to the plasma membrane did impact on signal fidelity, and on the magnitude and kinetics of the stress-induced phosphorylation of this SAPK. Taken together, these findings challenge the dogma that nuclear accumulation of SAPKs is a pre-requisite for SAPK-dependent gene expression, and reveal that stress-induced nuclear accumulation of Hog1 is dispensable for the virulence of a major human fungal pathogen.
Identify a Blood-Brain Barrier Penetrating Drug-TNB using Zebrafish Orthotopic Glioblastoma Xenograft Model
Authors: Zeng Anqi , Ye Tinghong , Cao Dan , Huang Xi , Yang Yu , Chen Xiuli , Xie Yongmei , Yao Shaohua , Zhao Chengjian 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe blood–brain barrier (BBB) is necessary for maintaining brain homeostasis, but it also represents a major challenge for drug delivery to the brain tumors. A suitable in vivo Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) model is needed for efficient testing of BBB crossable pharmaceuticals. In this study, we firstly confirmed the BBB functionality in 3dpf zebrafish embryos by Lucifer Yellow, Evans Blue and DAPI microinjection. We then transplanted human GBM tumor cells into the zebrafish brain, in which implanted GBM cells (U87 and U251) were highly mitotic and invasive, mimicking their malignancy features in rodents’ brain. Interestingly, we found that, although extensive endothelial proliferation and vessel dilation were observed in GBM xenografts, the BBB was still not disturbed. Next, using the zebrafish orthotopic GBM xenograft model as an in vivo visual readout, we successfully identified a promising small compound named TNB, which could efficiently cross the zebrafish BBB and inhibit the progression of orthotopic GBM xenografts. These results indicate that TNB is a promising BBB crossable GBM drug worth to be further characterized in human BBB setting, also suggest the zebrafish orthotopic GBM model as an efficient visual readout for the BBB penetrating anti-GBM drugs.
Genome-wide analysis reveals differential selection involved with copy number variation in diverse Chinese Cattle
Authors: Yang Liu , Xu Lingyang , Zhu Bo , Niu Hong , Zhang Wengang , Miao Jian , Shi Xinping , Zhang Ming , Chen Yan , Zhang Lupei , Gao Xue , Gao Huijiang , Li Li , Liu George E. , Li Junya 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCopy number variations (CNVs) are defined as deletions, insertions, and duplications between two individuals of a species. To investigate the diversity and population-genetic properties of CNVs and their diverse selection patterns, we performed a genome-wide CNV analysis using high density SNP array in Chinese native cattle. In this study, we detected a total of 13,225 CNV events and 3,356 CNV regions (CNVRs), overlapping with 1,522 annotated genes. Among them, approximately 71.43 Mb of novel CNVRs were detected in the Chinese cattle population for the first time, representing the unique genomic resources in cattle. A new V
i
statistic was proposed to estimate the region-specific divergence in CNVR for each group based on unbiased estimates of pairwise V
ST
. We obtained 12 and 62 candidate CNVRs at the top 1% and top 5% of genome-wide V
i
value thresholds for each of four groups (North, Northwest, Southwest and South). Moreover, we identified many lineage-differentiated CNV genes across four groups, which were associated with several important molecular functions and biological processes, including metabolic process, response to stimulus, immune system, and others. Our findings provide some insights into understanding lineage-differentiated CNVs under divergent selection in the Chinese native cattle.
A comparison of transcriptomic patterns measured in the skin of Chinese fine and coarse wool sheep breeds
Authors: Zhang Lichun , Sun Fuliang , Jin Haiguo , Dalrymple Brian P. , Cao Yang , Wei Tian , Vuocolo Tony , Zhang Mingxin , Piao Qinlin , Ingham Aaron B. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe characterised wool traits, and skin gene expression profiles of fine wool Super Merino (SM) and coarse wool Small Tail Han (STH) sheep. SM sheep had a significantly higher total density of wool follicles, heavier fleeces, finer fibre diameter, and increased crimp frequency, staple length and wool grease (lanolin) production. We found 435 genes were expressed at significantly different levels in the skin of the two breeds (127 genes more highly in SM and 308 genes more highly in STH sheep). Classification of the genes more highly expressed in SM sheep revealed numerous lipid metabolic genes as well as genes encoding keratins, keratin-associated proteins, and wool follicle stem cell markers. In contrast, mammalian epidermal development complex genes and other genes associated with skin cornification and muscle function were more highly expressed in STH sheep. Genes identified in this study may be further evaluated for inclusion in breeding programs, or as targets for therapeutic or genetic interventions, aimed at altering wool quality or yield. Expression of the lipid metabolic genes in the skin of sheep may be used as a novel trait with the potential to alter the content or properties of lanolin or the fleece.
Alterations in the host transcriptome in vitro following Rift Valley fever virus infection
Authors: Pinkham Chelsea , Dahal Bibha , de la Fuente Cynthia L. , Bracci Nicole , Beitzel Brett , Lindquist Michael , Garrison Aura , Schmaljohn Connie , Palacios Gustavo , Narayanan Aarthi , Campbell Catherine E. , Kehn-Hall Kylene 
Published: October 2017

AbstractRift Valley fever virus (RVFV) causes major outbreaks among livestock, characterized by “abortion storms” in which spontaneous abortion occurs in almost 100% of pregnant ruminants. Humans can also become infected with mild symptoms that can progress to more severe symptoms, such as hepatitis, encephalitis, and hemorrhagic fever. The goal of this study was to use RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to analyze the host transcriptome in response to RVFV infection. G2/M DNA damage checkpoint, ATM signaling, mitochondrial dysfunction, regulation of the antiviral response, and integrin-linked kinase (ILK) signaling were among the top altered canonical pathways with both the attenuated MP12 strain and the fully virulent ZH548 strain. Although several mRNA transcripts were highly upregulated, an increase at the protein level was not observed for the selected genes, which was at least partially due to the NSs dependent block in mRNA export. Inhibition of ILK signaling, which is involved in cell motility and cytoskeletal reorganization, resulted in reduced RVFV replication, indicating that this pathway is important for viral replication. Overall, this is the first global transcriptomic analysis of the human host response following RVFV infection, which could give insight into novel host responses that have not yet been explored.
Klotho Inhibits Interleukin-8 Secretion from Cystic Fibrosis Airway Epithelia
Authors: Krick Stefanie , Baumlin Nathalie , Aller Sheyla Paredes , Aguiar Carolina , Grabner Alexander , Sailland Juliette , Mendes Eliana , Schmid Andreas , Qi Lixin , David Nicolae V. , Geraghty Patrick , King Gwendalyn , Birket Susan E. , Rowe Steven M. , Faul Christian , Salathe Matthias 
Published: October 2017

AbstractChronic inflammation is a hallmark of cystic fibrosis (CF) and associated with increased production of transforming growth factor (TGF) β and interleukin (IL)-8. α-klotho (KL), a transmembrane or soluble protein, functions as a co-receptor for Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) 23, a known pro-inflammatory, prognostic marker in chronic kidney disease. KL is downregulated in airways from COPD patients. We hypothesized that both KL and FGF23 signaling modulate TGF β-induced IL-8 secretion in CF bronchial epithelia. Thus, FGF23 and soluble KL levels were measured in plasma from 48 CF patients and in primary CF bronchial epithelial cells (CF-HBEC). CF patients showed increased FGF23 plasma levels, but KL levels were not different. In CF-HBEC, TGF-β increased KL secretion and upregulated FGF receptor (FGFR) 1. Despite increases in KL, TGF-β also increased IL-8 secretion via activation of FGFR1 and Smad 3 signaling. However, KL excess via overexpression or supplementation decreased IL-8 secretion by inhibiting Smad 3 phosphorylation. Here, we identify a novel signaling pathway contributing to IL-8 secretion in the CF bronchial epithelium with KL functioning as an endocrine and local anti-inflammatory mediator that antagonizes pro-inflammatory actions of FGF23 and TGF-β.
Author correction: Wafer-scale two-dimensional ferromagnetic Fe3GeTe2 thin films grown by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Liu Shanshan , Yuan Xiang , Zou Yichao , Sheng Yu , Huang Ce , Zhang Enze , Ling Jiwei , Liu Yanwen , Wang Weiyi , Zhang Cheng , Zou Jin , Wang Kaiyou , Xiu Faxian 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML version of this article.
A global moderate resolution dataset of gross primary production of vegetation for 2000–2016
Authors: Zhang Yao , Xiao Xiangming , Wu Xiaocui , Zhou Sha , Zhang Geli , Qin Yuanwei , Dong Jinwei 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAccurate estimation of the gross primary production (GPP) of terrestrial vegetation is vital for understanding the global carbon cycle and predicting future climate change. Multiple GPP products are currently available based on different methods, but their performances vary substantially when validated against GPP estimates from eddy covariance data. This paper provides a new GPP dataset at moderate spatial (500 m) and temporal (8-day) resolutions over the entire globe for 2000–2016. This GPP dataset is based on an improved light use efficiency theory and is driven by satellite data from MODIS and climate data from NCEP Reanalysis II. It also employs a state-of-the-art vegetation index (VI) gap-filling and smoothing algorithm and a separate treatment for C3/C4 photosynthesis pathways. All these improvements aim to solve several critical problems existing in current GPP products. With a satisfactory performance when validated against in situ GPP estimates, this dataset offers an alternative GPP estimate for regional to global carbon cycle studies.
Genome-wide association studies of smooth pursuit and antisaccade eye movements in psychotic disorders: findings from the B-SNIP study
Authors: Lencer R , Mills L J , Alliey-Rodriguez N , Shafee R , Lee A M , Reilly J L , Sprenger A , McDowell J E , McCarroll S A , Keshavan M S , Pearlson G D , Tamminga C A , Clementz B A , Gershon E S , Sweeney J A , Bishop J R 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEye movement deviations, particularly deficits of initial sensorimotor processing and sustained pursuit maintenance, and antisaccade inhibition errors, are established intermediate phenotypes for psychotic disorders. We here studied eye movement measures of 849 participants from the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) study (schizophreniaN=230, schizoaffective disorderN=155, psychotic bipolar disorderN=206 and healthy controlsN=258) as quantitative phenotypes in relation to genetic data, while controlling for genetically derived ancestry measures, age and sex. A mixed-modeling genome-wide association studies approach was used including ~4.4 million genotypes (PsychChip and 1000 Genomes imputation). Across participants, sensorimotor processing at pursuit initiation was significantly associated with a single nucleotide polymorphism inIPO8(12p11.21,P=8 × 10−11), whereas suggestive associations with sustained pursuit maintenance were identified with SNPs inSH3GL2(9p22.2,P=3 × 10−8). In participants of predominantly African ancestry, sensorimotor processing was also significantly associated with SNPs inPCDH12(5q31.3,P=1.6 × 10−10), and suggestive associations were observed withNRSN1(6p22.3,P=5.4 × 10−8) andLMO7(13q22.2,P=7.3x10−8), whereas antisaccade error rate was significantly associated with a non-coding region at chromosome 7 (P=6.5 × 10−9). Exploratory pathway analyses revealed associations with nervous system development and function for 40 top genes with sensorimotor processing and pursuit maintenance (P=4.9 × 10−2–9.8 × 10−4). Our findings suggest novel patterns of genetic variation relevant for brain systems subserving eye movement control known to be impaired in psychotic disorders. They include genes involved in nuclear trafficking and gene silencing (IPO8), fast axonal guidance and synaptic specificity (PCDH12), transduction of nerve signals (NRSN1), retinal degeneration (LMO7), synaptic glutamate release (SH3GL2), and broader nervous system development and function.
Clinical Information Systems as the Backbone of a Complex Information Logistics Process: Findings from the Clinical Information Systems Perspective for 2016
Authors: Hackl W. O. , Ganslandt T. 
Published: October 2017

Summary
Objective: To summarize recent research and to propose a selection of best papers published in 2016 in the field of Clinical Information Systems (CIS).
Method: The query used to retrieve the articles for the CIS section of the 2016 edition of the IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics was reused. It again aimed at identifying relevant publications in the field of CIS from PubMed and Web of Science and comprised search terms from the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) catalog as well as additional free text search terms. The retrieved articles were categorized in a multi-pass review carried out by the two section editors. The final selection of candidate papers was then peer-reviewed by Yearbook editors and external reviewers. Based on the review results, the best papers were then chosen at the selection meeting with the IMIA Yearbook editorial board. Text mining, term co-occurrence mapping, and topic modelling techniques were used to get an overview on the content of the retrieved articles.
Results: The query was carried out in mid-January 2017, yielding a consolidated result set of 2,190 articles published in 921 different journals. Out of them, 14 papers were nominated as candidate best papers and three of them were finally selected as the best papers of the CIS field. The content analysis of the articles revealed the broad spectrum of topics covered by CIS research.
Conclusions: The CIS field is multi-dimensional and complex. It is hard to draw a well-defined outline between CIS and other domains or other sections of the IMIA Yearbook. The trends observed in the previous years are progressing. Clinical information systems are more than just sociotechnical systems for data collection, processing, exchange, presentation, and archiving. They are the backbone of a complex, trans-institutional information logistics process.