bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Differing Knowledge Transfer Strategies on Group Decision Making and Performance
Authors: Sillito Walker Sheli D. , Bonner Bryan L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEncouraging reflection on one's existing knowledge in a group setting increases shared understanding, makes information available for problem solving, and makes it easier for members to show and to be shown the merit of others' preferences. However, it is also possible that attempting to constrain the process by which problem solvers manage this reflection process may prevent them from effectively tailoring their approach to different problems. The current research focuses on how the nature of different knowledge transfer strategies impacts problem solving processes and outcomes by examining manipulations of, or constraints to, problem solvers' approach to knowledge transfer. Participants were directed to generate associated knowledge in preparation for answering a series of estimation items, either in a group or individually. We found that groups using a shared reflection process (as opposed to reflecting at an individual member level) were able to give more weight to the inputs of their more expert members and that groups outperformed individuals. We discuss the process of promoting knowledge transfer in a group context relative to an individual context and relate this to the concept of task demonstrability. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A probabilistic network for the diagnosis of acute cardiopulmonary diseases
Authors: Magrini Alessandro , Luciani Davide , Stefanini Federico M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this paper, the development of a probabilistic network for the diagnosis of acute cardiopulmonary diseases is presented in detail. A panel of expert physicians collaborated to specify the qualitative part, which is a directed acyclic graph defining a factorization of the joint probability distribution of domain variables into univariate conditional distributions. The quantitative part, which is a set of parametric models defining these univariate conditional distributions, was estimated following the Bayesian paradigm. In particular, we exploited an original reparameterization of Beta and categorical logistic regression models to elicit the joint prior distribution of parameters from medical experts, and updated it by conditioning on a dataset of hospital records via Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation. Refinement was iteratively performed until the probabilistic network provided satisfactory concordance index values for several acute diseases and reasonable diagnosis for six fictitious patient cases. The probabilistic network can be employed to perform medical diagnosis on a total of 63 diseases (38 acute and 25 chronic) on the basis of up to 167 patient findings.
Role of the Diphosphine Chelate in Emissive, Charge‐Neutral Iridium(III) Complexes
Authors: Liao Jia‐Ling , Devereux Leon R. , Fox Mark A. , Yang Chun‐Chieh , Chiang Yu‐Cheng , Chang Chih‐Hao , Lee Gene‐Hsiang , Chi Yun 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA class of neutral tris‐bidentate IrIII metal complexes incorporating a diphosphine as a chelate is prepared and characterized here for the first time. Treatment of [Ir(dppBz)(tht)Cl3] (1, dppBz=1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene, tht=tetrahydrothiophene) with fppzH (3‐trifluoromethyl‐5‐(2′‐pyridyl)‐1H‐pyrazole) afforded the dichloride complexes, trans‐(Cl,Cl)[Ir(dppBz)(fppz)Cl2] (2) and cis‐(Cl,Cl)[Ir(dppBz)(fppz)Cl2] (3). The reaction of 3 with the dianionic chelate precursor, 5,5′‐di(trifluoromethyl)‐3,3′‐bipyrazole (bipzH2) or 5,5′‐(1‐methylethylidene)‐bis(3‐trifluoromethyl‐1H‐pyrazole) (mepzH2), in DMF gave the tris‐bidentate complex [Ir(dppBz)(fppz)(bipz)] (4) or [Ir(dppBz)(fppz)(mepz)] (5), respectively. In contrast, a hydride complex [Ir(dppBz)(fppz)(bipzH)H] (6) was isolated instead of 4 in protic solvent, namely: diethylene glycol monomethyl ether (DGME). All complexes 2–6 are luminescent in powder form and thin films where the dichlorides (2, 3) emit with maxima at 590–627 nm (orange) and quantum yields (QYs) up to 90 % whereas the tris‐bidentate (4, 5) and hydride (6) complexes emit at 455–458 nm (blue) with QYs up to 70 %. Hybrid (time‐dependent) DFT calculations showed considerable metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer contribution to the orange‐emitting 2 and 3 but substantial ligand‐centered 3π–π* transition character in the blue‐emitting 4–6. The dppBz does not participate in the radiative transitions in 4–6, but it provides the rigidity and steric bulk needed to promote the luminescence by suppressing the self‐quenching in the solid state. Fabrication of an organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) with dopant 5 gave a deep‐blue CIE chromaticity of (0.16, 0.15). Superior blue emitters, which are vital in OLED applications, may be found in other neutral IrIII complexes containing phosphine chelates.
The Coordination and Supramolecular Chemistry of Gold Metalloligands
Authors: Gil‐Rubio Juan , Vicente José 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis review article deals with the use of gold metalloligands as building blocks for the assembly of heterometallic complexes. Several families of gold complexes decorated with crown‐ether, amide, pyridine, bipyridine, terpyridine, carboxylato, amino acid or π‐alkyne binding sites have been reported. Adducts of these metalloligands with alkaline or transition‐metal cations, or with transition‐metal or lanthanide complexes, have been isolated and structurally characterized. The reported heterometallic species range from simple dinuclear complexes to self‐assembled supramolecules, coordination polymers, or solids. New structural motifs have been found in these complexes. Most of these metalloligands and complexes are photoluminescent and some of them show switchable emissions based on the formation and rupture of metallophilic contacts. Potential applications as sensors, sensitizers, in vivo imaging agents, and anticancer drugs are envisaged.
Directly Coupled Versus Spectator Linkers on Diimine PtII Acetylides—Change the Structure, Keep the Function?
Authors: Archer Stuart A. , Keane Theo , Delor Milan , Bevon Elizabeth , Auty Alexander J. , Chekulaev Dimitri , Sazanovich Igor V. , Towrie Michael , Meijer Anthony J. H. M. , Weinstein Julia A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractModification of light‐harvesting units with anchoring groups for surface attachment often compromises light‐harnessing properties. Herein, a series of [donor–acceptor–anchor] platinum(II) diimine (bis‐)acetylides was developed in order to systematically compare the effect of conjugated versus electronically decoupled modes of attachment of protected anchoring groups on the photophysical properties of light‐harvesting units. The first examples of “decoupled” phosphonate diimine PtII complexes are reported, and their properties are compared and contrasted to those of carboxylate analogues studied by a diversity of methods. Ultrafast time‐resolved IR and transient absorption spectroscopy revealed that all complexes have a charge‐transfer (CT) lowest excited state with lifetimes between 2 and 14 ns. Vibrational signatures and dynamics of CT states were identified; the assignment of electronic states and their vibrational origin was aided by TDDFT calculations. Ultrafast energy redistribution accompanied by structural changes was directly captured in the CT states. A significant difference between the structures of the electronic ground and CT excited states, as well as differences in the structural reorganisation in the complexes bearing directly attached or electronically decoupled anchoring groups, was discovered. This work demonstrates that decoupling of the anchoring group from the light‐harvesting core by a saturated spacer is an easy approach to combine surface attachment with high reduction potential and ten times longer lifetime of the CT excited state of the light‐absorbing unit, and retain electron‐transfer photoreactivity essential for light‐harvesting applications.
Straightforward Design of Fluorescent Receptors for Sulfate: Study of Non‐Covalent Interactions Contributing to Host–Guest Formation
Authors: Shumilova Tatiana A. , Rüffer Tobias , Lang Heinrich , Kataev Evgeny A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA straightforward design of receptors for binding and sensing of sulfate in aqueous medium was developed. The design involves the connection of two naphthalimide‐based pH probes through a hydrogen‐bonding motif. The structure of the receptor–sulfate complex, predicted by DFT calculations, was unambiguously confirmed by NMR measurements. There are three major interactions stabilizing the host–guest complex: electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and stacking interactions of the dyes. Study of two control receptors containing either one dye or methyl amide groups instead of amides, revealed that electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions contribute the most to affinity and selectivity of receptors. The receptors can detect sulfate in a 1:1 THF–buffer mixture in pH window 3.6–4.5 demonstrating up to 7‐fold fluorescence enhancement. To the best of our knowledge, the reported PET (photoinduced electron transfer) anion probes possess the largest response for sulfate in aqueous solution yet described.
Relativistic DFT Calculations of Hyperfine Coupling Constants in 5d Hexafluorido Complexes: [ReF6]2− and [IrF6]2−
Authors: Haase Pi A. B. , Repisky Michal , Komorovsky Stanislav , Bendix Jesper , Sauer Stephan P. A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe performance of relativistic density functional theory (DFT) methods has been investigated for the calculation of the recently measured hyperfine coupling constants of hexafluorido complexes [ReF6]2− and [IrF6]2−. Three relativistic methods were employed at the DFT level of theory: the 2‐component zeroth‐order regular approximation (ZORA) method, in which the spin–orbit coupling was treated either variationally (EV ZORA) or as a perturbation (LR ZORA), and the 4‐component Dirac–Kohn–Sham (DKS) method. The dependence of the results on the basis set and the choice of exchange‐correlation functional was studied. Furthermore, the effect of varying the amount of Hartree–Fock exchange in the hybrid functionals was investigated. The LR ZORA and DKS methods combined with DFT led to very similar deviations (about 20 %) from the experimental values for the coupling constant of complex [ReF6]2− by using hybrid functionals. However, none of the methods were able to reproduce the large anisotropy of the hyperfine coupling tensor of complex [ReF6]2−. For [IrF6]2−, the EV ZORA and DKS methods reproduced the experimental tensor components with deviations of ≈10 and ≈5 % for the hybrid functionals, whereas the LR ZORA method predicted the coupling constant to be around one order of magnitude too large owing to the combination of large spin–orbit coupling and very low excitation energies.
Pseudonym changing strategy with multiple mix zones for trajectory privacy protection in road networks
Authors: Memon Imran , Chen Ling , Arain Qasim Ali , Memon Hina , Chen Gencai 
Published: October 2017

SummaryIn road network, vehicles' location may be identified, and their transmissions may even tracked by eavesdrops (eg, safety messages) that contain sensitive personal information such as identity and location of the vehicle. This type of communication leads to breaking the users' trajectory privacy. Frequently changing pseudonyms are widely accepted as a solution that protects the trajectory privacy of users in road networks. However, this solution may become invalid if a vehicle changes its pseudonym at an improper occasion. To cope with this issue, we presented an efficient pseudonym change strategy with multiple mix zones scheme to provide trajectory privacy for road network. In addition, we protected vehicles against linkability attack by cheating mechanism. Henceforth, we constructed a cheating detection mechanism which allows the vehicles to verify whether the pseudonym change process is successful or not and also detect to malicious vehicles. In this way, users' trajectory privacy can be improved. Finally, by taking the anonymity set size (ASS) as the trajectory privacy metric, we exhibit by means of simulations that the proposed scheme is effective in multiple networks scenarios.
Identifying LDoS attack traffic based on wavelet energy spectrum and combined neural network
Authors: Yue Meng , Liu Liang , Wu Zhijun , Wang Minxiao 
Published: October 2017

SummaryAs a special type of denial of service (DoS) attacks, the TCP‐targeted low‐rate denial of service (LDoS) attacks have the characteristics of low average rate and strong concealment, so it is difficult to identify such attack traffic. As multifractal characteristics exist in network traffic, a new identification approach based on wavelet transform and combined neural network is proposed to classify normal network traffic and LDoS attack traffic. Wavelet energy spectrum coefficients extracted from the sampled traffic are used for multifractal analysis of traffic over different time scale. The combined neural network is designed to classify these multiscale spectrum coefficients that show different multifractal characteristics belonging to normal network traffic and LDoS attack traffic. Test results of test‐bed experiments indicate that the proposed approach can identify LDoS attack traffic accurately.
The role of cardiac vagal tone and inhibitory control in pre‐schoolers' listening comprehension
Authors: Scrimin Sara , Patron Elisabetta , Florit Elena , Palomba Daniela , Mason Lucia 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study investigated the role of basal cardiac activity and inhibitory control at the beginning of the school year in predicting oral comprehension at the end of the year in pre‐schoolers. Forty‐three, 4‐year‐olds participated in the study. At the beginning of the school year children's electrocardiogram at rest was registered followed by the assessment of inhibitory control as well as verbal working memory and verbal ability. At the end of the year all children were administered a listening comprehension ability measure. A stepwise regression showed a significant effect of basal cardiac vagal tone in predicting listening comprehension together with inhibitory control and verbal ability. These results are among the first to show the predictive role of basal cardiac vagal tone and inhibitory control in pre‐schoolers' oral text comprehension, and offer new insight into the association between autonomic regulation of the heart, inhibitory control, and cognitive activity at a young age.
Landscape genomic approach to detect selection signatures in locally adapted Brazilian swine genetic groups
Authors: Cesconeto Robson Jose , Joost Stéphane , McManus Concepta Margaret , Paiva Samuel Rezende , Cobuci Jaime Araujo , Braccini Jose 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSamples of 191 animals from 18 different Brazilian locally adapted swine genetic groups were genotyped using Illumina Porcine SNP60 BeadChip in order to identify selection signatures related to the monthly variation of Brazilian environmental variables. Using BayeScan software, 71 SNP markers were identified as FST outliers and 60 genotypes (58 markers) were found by Samβada software in 371 logistic models correlated with 112 environmental variables. Five markers were identified in both methods, with a Kappa value of 0.073 (95% CI: 0.011–0.134). The frequency of these markers indicated a clear north–south country division that reflects Brazilian environmental differences in temperature, solar radiation, and precipitation. Global spatial territory correlation for environmental variables corroborates this finding (average Moran's I = 0.89, range from 0.55 to 0.97). The distribution of alleles over the territory was not strongly correlated with the breed/genetic groups. These results are congruent with previous mtDNA studies and should be used to direct germplasm collection for the National gene bank.
Resource selection by an ectothermic predator in a dynamic thermal landscape
Authors: George Andrew D. , Connette Grant M. , Thompson Frank R. , Faaborg John 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPredicting the effects of global climate change on species interactions has remained difficult because there is a spatiotemporal mismatch between regional climate models and microclimates experienced by organisms. We evaluated resource selection in a predominant ectothermic predator using a modeling approach that permitted us to assess the importance of habitat structure and local real‐time air temperatures within the same modeling framework. We radio‐tracked 53 western ratsnakes (Pantherophis obsoletus) from 2010 to 2013 in central Missouri,USA, at study sites where this species has previously been linked to prey population demographics. We used Bayesian discrete choice models within an information theoretic framework to evaluate the seasonal effects of fine‐scale vegetation structure and thermal conditions on ratsnake resource selection. Ratsnake resource selection was influenced most by canopy cover, canopy cover heterogeneity, understory cover, and air temperature heterogeneity. Ratsnakes generally preferred habitats with greater canopy heterogeneity early in the active season, and greater temperature heterogeneity later in the season. This seasonal shift potentially reflects differences in resource requirements and thermoregulation behavior. Predicted patterns of space use indicate that ratsnakes preferentially selected open habitats in spring and early summer and forest–field edges throughout the active season. Our results show that downscaled temperature models can be used to enhance our understanding of animal resource selection at scales that can be addressed by managers. We suggest that conservation of snakes or their prey in a changing climate will require consideration of fine‐scale interactions between local air temperatures and habitat structure.
The importance of firm level multinationality in the country versus industry debate
Authors: Mullen Cormac , Berrill Jenny 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe conduct the most comprehensive empirical analysis that exists to date of the effect multinationality has on the explanatory power of country and industry factors in international diversification. We investigate the impact the size, scope, and location of a company's international sales has on country versus industry factors, analysing 1,276 firms from Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Spain, the UK, and the US over the 15‐year period, 1998–2012. We find that the magnitude of the country factor is greater than the magnitude of the industry factor for the period as a whole but that a company's level of international sales has a greater impact on the magnitude of its industry factor than the magnitude of its country factor. Counter‐intuitively, we find stocks with lower sales exposure to their country of origin have a higher country factor, and we show the existence of both a strong local and international industry factor. Our results suggest country‐of‐origin diversification may no longer be sufficient to exploit country‐specific risk and the country factor has become a “country classification” factor.
Resource availability for the management of maternal sepsis in Malawi, other low‐income countries, and lower‐middle‐income countries
Authors: Abdu Mohammed , Wilson Amie , Mhango Chisale , Taki Fatima , Coomarasamy Arri , Lissauer David 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the availability of key resources for the management of maternal sepsis and evaluate the feasibility of implementing the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) recommendations in Malawi and other low‐resource settings.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted at health facilities in Malawi, other low‐income countries, and lower‐middle‐income countries during January–March 2016. English‐speaking healthcare professionals (e.g. doctors, nurses, midwives, and administrators) completed a questionnaire/online survey to assess the availability of resources for the management of maternal sepsis.ResultsHealthcare centers (n=23) and hospitals (n=13) in Malawi showed shortages in the resources for basic monitoring (always available in 5 [21.7%] and 10 [76.9%] facilities, respectively) and basic infrastructure (2 [8.7%] and 7 [53.8%], respectively). The availability of antibiotics varied between Malawian healthcare centers (9 [39.1%]), Malawian hospitals (8 [61.5%]), hospitals in other low‐income countries (10/17 [58.8%]), and hospitals in lower‐middle‐income countries (39/41 [95.1%]). The percentage of SSC recommendations that could be implemented was 33.3% at hospitals in Malawi, 30.3% at hospitals in other low‐income countries, and 68.2% at hospitals in lower‐middle‐income countries.ConclusionThe implementation of existing SSC recommendations is unrealistic in low‐income countries because of resource limitations. New maternal sepsis care bundles must be developed that are applicable to low‐resource settings.
Development of an alternative zebrafish model for drug‐induced intestinal toxicity
Authors: Ryu Bokyeong , Kim C‐Yoon , Oh Hanseul , Kim Ukjin , Kim Jin , Jung Cho‐Rok , Lee Byoung‐Hee , Lee Seungki , Chang Seo‐Na , Lee Ji Min , Chung Hyung‐Min , Park Jae‐Hak 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAn evaluation of intestinal toxicity is important because the mucosal lining of the gastrointestinal tract is the first barrier for oral xenobiotics. Until now, a rat model has been recommended as the standard intestinal toxicity model and the Caco‐2 cell line, originated from a human colon adenocarcinoma, has been used as an alternative to this model, but there are limitations regarding cost‐effectiveness and the need for mimicry of the human system. In this study, we investigated whether zebrafish could be a valid alternative to rats and Caco‐2 cells as an intestinal toxicity model. We focused on intestinal gene expression of cytochrome P450 3A65, oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and intestinal function. Reverse transcription–quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis was conducted using three models: zebrafish, Sprague–Dawley rats and Caco‐2 cells, and the transcript levels and patterns of indicator genes were analyzed in conjunction with histopathological changes. Our results suggested that representative intestinal toxicants, indomethacin, diclofenac and methotrexate, induced significant transcript level changes in marker genes such as CYP3A, inducible nitric oxide synthase, heme oxygenase 1, superoxide dismutase 1, glutathione peroxidase 1, BCL2 associated X, B‐cell lymphoma 2, caspase 9, tumor protein p53, nuclear factor‐κB, interleukin‐1β, tumor necrosis factor‐alphaα and toll‐like receptor 2 in the zebrafish model as in the rat and Caco‐2 cells models. These results suggest that zebrafish model is sufficiently worth developing as an intestinal toxicity model that can replace or compensate the rat model or Caco‐2 cell model.