bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrasting dynamics of two incursions of low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus into Australia
Authors: Wille Michelle , Broz Ivano , Cherrington Tanya , Crawley Allison , Farrugia Blaine , Ford Mark , Frost Melinda , Grimsey Joanne , Kirkland Peter D , Latimore Shaylie , Lynch Stacey E , Martin Sue , Matereke Cornelius , Mee Peter T , Neave Matthew J , O’Dea Mark , Read Andrew J , O’Riley Kim , Stevens Vittoria , Thayaparan Sivapiragasam , Zufan Sara , Ban de Gouvea Pedroso Silvia , Grillo Victoria , Breed Andrew C , Barr Ian G , Holmes Edward C , Klaassen Marcel , Wong Frank Y.K 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The current panzootic of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus H5N1 demonstrates how viral incursions can have major ramifications for wildlife and domestic animals. Herein, we describe the recent incursion into Australia of two low pathogenicity avian influenza virus subtypes, H4 and H10, that exhibited contrasting evolutionary dynamics. Viruses detected from national surveillance and disease investigations between 2020 and 2022 revealed 27 genomes, 24 of which have at least one segment more closely related to Eurasian or North American avian influenza lineages than those already circulating in Australia. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that H4 viruses circulating in shorebirds represent a recent incursion from Asia that is distinct from those circulating concurrently in Australian waterfowl. Analysis of the internal segments further demonstrates exclusive, persistent circulation in shorebirds. This contrasts with H10, where a novel lineage has emerged in wild waterfowl, poultry, and captive birds across Australia and has likely replaced previously circulating H10 lineages through competitive exclusion. Elucidating different dynamics for avian influenza incursions supports effective disease risk identification and communication that better informs disease preparedness and response.
Auditory Prognosis of Patients With Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Relation to the Presence of Acute Vestibular Syndrome: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: González-García Miriam , Prieto-Sánchez-de-Puerta Lucía , Domínguez-Durán Emilio , Sánchez-Gómez Serafín 
Published: September 2024

Objectives:
Hearing recovery following idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is influenced by various prognostic factors, and the presence of acute vestibular syndrome (AVS) may adversely impact auditory outcomes. Evaluating vestibular function in SSNHL patients could offer insights into predicting hearing recovery. This systematic review aims to assess whether the presence of AVS exacerbates the audiological prognosis of ISSNHL.

Design:
A comprehensive systematic review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Scopus, encompassing articles published in the last decade. Included were retrospective and prospective case-control and cohort studies, as well as randomized clinical trials. Meta-analysis was performed based on the findings from these studies.

Results:
Among 386 articles identified, six addressed the systematic review’s question, all being retrospective studies. These articles collectively involved 393 patients for the meta-analysis. Vestibular function assessment methods varied widely, posing challenges for direct comparisons. The likelihood of unfavorable hearing outcomes was 2.29 times higher in patients with associated AVS. Hearing recovery was 3.22 times more likely to be worse in patients with altered cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials-air-conducted sound. Abnormal caloric test results showed no significant association with worse hearing prognosis, although patients with unaltered caloric tests demonstrated a significantly greater improvement in pure-tone audiometry.

Conclusions:
Hearing recovery from ISSNHL appears to be diminished in patients with associated AVS and abnormal vestibular test results.
Clinical Phenotyping for Prognosis and Immunotherapy Guidance in Bacterial Sepsis and COVID-19
Authors: Karakike Eleni , Metallidis Simeon , Poulakou Garyfallia , Kosmidou Maria , Gatselis Nikolaos K. , Petrakis Vasileios , Rovina Nikoletta , Gkeka Eleni , Sympardi Styliani , Papanikolaou Ilias , Koutsodimitropoulos Ioannis , Tzavara Vasiliki , Adamis Georgios , Tsiakos Konstantinos , Koulouras Vasilios , Mouloudi Eleni , Antoniadou Eleni , Vlachogianni Gykeria , Anisoglou Souzana , Markou Nikolaos , Koutsoukou Antonia , Panagopoulos Periklis , Milionis Haralampos , Dalekos George N. , Kyprianou Miltiades , Giamarellos-Bourboulis Evangelos J. 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVES:
It is suggested that sepsis may be classified into four clinical phenotypes, using an algorithm employing 29 admission parameters. We applied a simplified phenotyping algorithm among patients with bacterial sepsis and severe COVID-19 and assessed characteristics and outcomes of the derived phenotypes.

DESIGN:
Retrospective analysis of data from prospective clinical studies.

SETTING:
Greek ICUs and Internal Medicine departments.

PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS:
We analyzed 1498 patients, 620 with bacterial sepsis and 878 with severe COVID-19. We implemented a six-parameter algorithm (creatinine, lactate, aspartate transaminase, bilirubin, C-reactive protein, and international normalized ratio) to classify patients with bacterial sepsis intro previously defined phenotypes. Patients with severe COVID-19, included in two open-label immunotherapy trials were subsequently classified. Heterogeneity of treatment effect of anakinra was assessed. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
The algorithm validated the presence of the four phenotypes across the cohort of bacterial sepsis and the individual studies included in this cohort. Phenotype α represented younger patients with low risk of death, β was associated with high comorbidity burden, and δ with the highest mortality. Phenotype assignment was independently associated with outcome, even after adjustment for Charlson Comorbidity Index. Phenotype distribution and outcomes in severe COVID-19 followed a similar pattern.

CONCLUSIONS:
A simplified algorithm successfully identified previously derived phenotypes of bacterial sepsis, which were predictive of outcome. This classification may apply to patients with severe COVID-19 with prognostic implications.
Survey of patient experience and management of vasomotor symptoms due to menopause from the PatientsLikeMe community
Authors: Shepherd Jessica A. , Shiozawa Aki , Schild Arianne L. , Singh Deepshikha , Mancuso Shayna A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to describe menopause and treatment experiences of women with vasomotor symptoms due to menopause in the United States.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was administered to women 40‐65 years of age recruited from PatientsLikeMe, a dedicated online platform for patients.

Results
A total of 196 women (mean age 55.7 years; 81.2% White) completed the survey and were included in the analyses. The majority (87.2%) reported experiencing bothersome symptoms; 54.3% (100/184) had daytime hot flashes, and 59.2% (109/184) had nighttime sweats and hot flashes, up to 5 times per day on average. Mean postmenopause duration was 10.8 years. Although most (68.5%, 126/184) reported having vasomotor symptoms for less than 5 years, some (14.1%, 26/184) had symptoms for more than a decade. Only 35.2% (69/196) were treated for their symptoms; the most frequently reported prescription treatment was hormone therapy (58%; 40/69), which was administered for less than 3 years in most cases (67.5%, 27/40). Although women were generally satisfied with their interactions with healthcare providers, 23.0% reported inadequate support. Sleep, personal relationships, and physical, emotional, and mental well-being were the most affected by vasomotor symptoms. Healthcare professionals with training in women's health were the most valued resource for dealing with the symptoms associated with menopause.

Conclusions
Not all women with symptoms were treated. In those whose concerns were addressed by providers, a reluctance to pursue treatment was still observed. A need persists to ensure that this population has the resources and support needed to effectively manage symptoms.
HAF prevents hepatocyte apoptosis and progression to MASH and HCC through transcriptional regulation of the NF-κB pathway
Authors: Acuña-Pilarte Karen , Reichert Ethan C. , Green Yangsook Song , Halberg Lily M.-T. , Golkowski Martin , Maguire Kathleen M. , Mimche Patrice N. , Kamdem Severin Donald , Hu Po-An , Wright Jillian , Ducker Gregory S. , Voth Warren P. , O’Connell Ryan M. , McFarland Sydney A. , Egal Erika Said Abu , Chaix Amandine , Summers Scott. A. , Reelitz Jordan W. , Maschek John Alan , Cox James E. , Evason Kimberley J. , Koh Mei Yee 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims:
HCC incidence is increasing worldwide due to the obesity epidemic, which drives metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (MASH) that can lead to HCC. However, the molecular pathways driving MASH-HCC are poorly understood. We have previously reported that male mice with haploinsufficiency of hypoxia-associated factor (HAF) (SART1

+/−) spontaneously develop MASH-HCC. However, the cell type(s) responsible for HCC associated with HAF loss are unclear.

Approach and Results:
We generated SART1-floxed mice, which were crossed with mice expressing Cre recombinase within hepatocytes (Alb-Cre; hepS−/−) or myeloid cells (LysM-Cre, macS−/−). HepS
−/− mice (both male and female) developed HCC associated with profound inflammatory and lipid dysregulation, suggesting that HAF protects against HCC primarily within hepatocytes. HAF-deficient hepatocytes showed decreased P-p65 and P-p50 in many components of the NF-κB pathway, which was recapitulated using HAF small interfering RNA in vitro. HAF depletion also triggered apoptosis, suggesting that HAF protects against HCC by suppressing hepatocyte apoptosis. We show that HAF regulates NF-κB activity by regulating the transcription of TRADD and RIPK1. Mice fed a high-fat diet showed marked suppression of HAF, P-p65, and TRADD within their livers after 26 weeks but showed profound upregulation of these proteins after 40 weeks, implicating deregulation of the HAF-NF-κB axis in the progression to MASH. In humans, HAF was significantly decreased in livers with simple steatosis but significantly increased in HCC compared with normal liver.

Conclusions:
HAF is a novel transcriptional regulator of the NF-κB pathway and is a key determinant of cell fate during progression to MASH and MASH-HCC.
The Effect of Reiki on the Self-Efficacy, Death Anxiety, and Sleep Quality of Patients Diagnosed With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Ünal Aslan Kevser Sevgi , Çetinkaya Funda 
Published: September 2024

Reiki has been used for various medical problems. The present study aims to determine the effects of Reiki therapy on the self-efficacy, death anxiety, and sleep quality of patients diagnosed with COPD. The present used a quasi-experimental model with a pretest-posttest control group. The subjects (n = 75) were recruited from a hospital in Turkey, between February and June 2019. Subjects were then assigned to Reiki (n = 39) and placebo (n = 36) groups. In this study, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of self-efficacy, death anxiety, and sleep quality between the Reiki and placebo groups (P < .05).These results suggest that Reiki exercise increased the self-efficacy and sleep quality levels and decreased the death anxiety.
Do Botulinum Toxin Injections for Upper Face Rejuvenation and Lateral Canthal Rhytids Have Unintended Effects on Tear Production?
Authors: Yao Anthony , Malhotra Raman 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
To report the influence of botulinum toxin A (BoNTA) injections on basal tear production, as measured by Schirmer’s test with anesthesia in patients seeking eyelid surgery.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort of patients requesting esthetic eyelid surgery reviewed by a single clinician between January 2021 to April 2024, assessed with Schirmer’s test with anesthesia. Demographic data, history of BoNTA treatment in the periocular region, ocular surface disease index dry eye symptom frequency, and requirement for ocular lubricants were recorded. Patients with no history of BoNTA were designated as group 1. Patients with a positive recent history of periocular BoNTA were designated as group 2. The proportions of eyes with Schirmer’s test with anesthesia (basal tear production) test result <5 mm (“low”), 5 to 9 mm (“borderline”), and ≥10 mm (“normal”) were compared between groups.

Results:
Seven hundred twenty-two eyes (361 patients) were assessed, of which 670 eyes (335 patients) met the inclusion criteria. Mean age was 55.1 (range, 17–93) years, with 71.3% female. Schirmer’s data in group 1 were “low” at 32.9%, “borderline” at 26.4%, and “normal” at 40.7%. In contrast, group 2 had significantly lower results (P ≤ 0.05), with readings “low” at 48.3%, “borderline” at 26.7%, and “normal” at 25.0%. However, there were no significant differences between groups in ocular surface disease index symptom frequency scores or ocular lubricant requirements.

Conclusions:
Patients who had received BoNTA injections had significantly lower basal tear production compared with patients who had never received BoNTA. Esthetic BoNTA treatment may be associated with an unintended effect of decreased basal tear production and subsequent risk of dry eye.
Non-IgE-mediated drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions in pediatrics
Authors: Chow Timothy G. , Muzaffar Anum F. , Alvarez-Arango Santiago 
Published: September 2024

Purpose of review
Despite their prevalence and potential severity, non-IgE-mediated drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) are under-researched and poorly defined, particularly in children. Presentations range from mild cutaneous reactions to severe systemic diseases, with pathophysiological mechanisms and reliable diagnostic markers not well established. The lack of validated tests often leads to permanent drug restrictions, reliance on second-line drugs, and increased costs. Focusing on recent advancements and areas needing further research, this review aims to enhance children's recognition, diagnosis, and management of non-IgE-mediated DHRs.

Recent findings
Recent studies have enhanced the understanding of immediate and delayed non-IgE-mediated drug reactions. Key findings include the Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 in mast cells and the identification of HLA alleles linked to severe cutaneous adverse reactions, such as Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Improved diagnostic techniques, including skin testing, show promise in identifying immediate and delayed non-IgE DHRs. Additionally, research highlights the impact of cofactors, drug metabolites, and co-infections on these DHRs and explores potential biomarkers for predicting reaction severity.

Summary
Non-IgE-mediated DHRs are a significant cause of morbidity and treatment changes in pediatric patients. Recent research underscores their clinical presentations and mechanisms, paving the way for more precise diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes.
Effects of Schisandrae Fructus alone or in combination in viral hepatitis treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lin Lujie , Zhang Mingxiao , Xie Huijuan , Yang Min , Zhu Tong , Yang Junxuan , Yang Bin , Li Hua 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Viral hepatitis causes annual deaths of 1.4 million people. Antiviral therapy rarely cures the disease, and patients are usually required to maintain lifelong medication, leading to cumulative drug toxicity. Schisandrae Fructus (SF) is efficacious in the treatment of viral hepatitis.

Objective
The systematic review and meta-analysis aim to examine the efficacy and safety of SF alone or in combination with specific and nonspecific treatments for treating viral hepatitis by analyzing the clinical trials performed up to date.

Methods
An extensive literature was searched in 7 databases from inception to May 2023. Final outcomes were divided into the primary outcomes containing the total effective rate and virological responses, as well as the secondary outcomes containing liver biochemical functions and frequencies of adverse events. RevMan 5.3 and GRADE pro 3.6 software were used for meta-analysis and assessment of evidence quality. Subgroup analysis was conducted to explore the source of the heterogeneity.

Results
Twenty-nine randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. SF treatment was comparable with western medicines or other traditional Chinese treatments in terms of primary and secondary outcomes. In combination with specific treatments with antiviral medicines, SF group reduced 18.45 U/L of alanine aminotransferase levels [weighted mean difference: 18.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): (16.12, 20.78), p < 0.000 01] and 8.37 U/L of aspartate aminotransferase levels [weighted mean difference: 8.37, 95% CI: (1.25, 15.48), p = 0.02], and it decreased the levels of hyaluronic acid (HA) [standard mean difference (SMD): 0.92, 95% CI: (0.58, 1.27), p < 0.000 01], laminin (LN) [SMD: 0.64, 95% CI: (0.38, 0.90), p < 0.000 01], and procollagen type III [SMD: 0.48, 95% CI: (0.28, 0.67), p < 0.000 01] while increasing the total effective rate by 24% [risk ratio: 1.24, 95% CI: (1.15, 1.32), p < 0.000 01]. There were no severe adverse events during treatment.

Conclusions
SF was a potential adjuvant for antiviral therapy in restoring liver function. However, the poor quality of the included randomized controlled trials limited the recommendations. More long-term, randomized, and double-blind studies should be performed to assess the efficacy and safety of combination therapy.
Perception and control of a virtual body in immersive virtual reality for rehabilitation
Authors: Donegan Tony , Sanchez-Vives Maria V. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose of review
This review explores recent advances in using immersive virtual reality to improve bodily perception and motor control in rehabilitation across musculoskeletal and neurological conditions, examining how virtual reality's unique capabilities can address the challenges of traditional approaches. The potential in this area of the emerging metaverse and the integration of artificial intelligence in virtual reality are discussed.

Recent findings
In musculoskeletal rehabilitation, virtual reality shows promise in enhancing motivation, adherence, improving range of motion, and reducing kinesiophobia, particularly postsurgery. For neurological conditions like stroke and spinal cord injury, virtual reality's ability to manipulate bodily perceptions offers significant therapeutic potential, with reported improvements in upper limb function and gait performance. Balance and gait rehabilitation, especially in older adults, have also seen positive outcomes. The integration of virtual reality with brain-computer interfaces presents exciting possibilities for severe speech and motor impairments.

Summary
Current research is limited by small sample sizes, short intervention durations, and variability in virtual reality systems. Future studies should focus on larger, long-term trials to confirm findings and explore underlying mechanisms. As virtual reality technology advances, its integration into rehabilitation programs could revolutionize treatment approaches, personalizing treatments, facilitating home training, and potentially improving patient outcomes across a wide variety of conditions.
TMPRSS6 cleaves KCNE1 and causes arrhythmias in iron overload disease
Authors: Peischard Stefan , Kastl Philipp , Goerges Gunnar , Schreiber Julian A. , Verkerk Arie O. , Wilders Ronald , Disse Paul , Hornung Isabelle , Klingmüller Ursula , Steinbicker Andrea U. , Rauner Martina , Spasić Maja Vujić , Rosenbauer Frank , Meuth Sven , Budde Thomas , Pedersen Per A. , Jepps Thomas A.Q. , Jespersen Thomas , Strutz-Seebohm Nathalie , Seebohm Guiscard 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIron storage disease is associated with cardiovascular manifestations, including various forms of cardiac arrhythmias of unknown origin. In this study, cardiac arrhythmias associated with iron overload were investigated in human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) and hiPSC-derived sinus node-like pacemaker cells. Among other effects, iron overload leads to an increase in the plasma membrane-anchored protease TMPRSS6. TMPRSS6 cleaves the auxiliary subunit KCNE1 N-terminally and thus modulates the function of both the IKs(KCNQ1/KCNE1 current) and the If(HCN4/KCNE1) ion channels. Furthermore, TMPRSS6 induces a reduction of electric field potential (EFP) count and increased duration in hiPSC-derived ventricular-like cells and in hiPSC-derived pacemaker-like cells. In accordance with thesein vitrogenerated results, TMPRSS6-mediated interactions show pro-arrhythmic effectsin silico. Therefore, the TMPRSS6 - KCNE1-KCNQ1 and TMPRSS6 - KCNE1-HCN4 cascades may represent new clinically relevant pro-arrhythmic mechanisms in iron overload diseases.
A novel biomechanical model of the mouse forelimb predicts muscle activity in optimal control simulations of reaching movements
Authors: Gilmer Jesse I. , Coltman Susan K. , Cuenu Geraldine , Hutchinson John R. , Huber Daniel , Person Abigail L. , Al Borno Mazen 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTMice are key model organisms in neuroscience and motor systems physiology. Fine motor control tasks performed by mice have become widely used in assaying neural and biophysical motor system mechanisms. Although fine motor tasks provide useful insights into behaviors which require complex multi-joint motor control, there is no previously developed physiological biomechanical model of the adult mouse forelimb available for estimating kinematics nor muscle activity or kinetics during behaviors. Here, we developed a musculoskeletal model based on high-resolution imaging of the mouse forelimb that includes muscles spanning the neck, trunk, shoulder, and limbs. Physics-based optimal control simulations of the forelimb model were used to estimatein vivomuscle activity present when constrained to the tracked kinematics during reaching movements. The activity of a subset of muscles was recorded and used to assess the accuracy of the muscle patterning in simulation. We found that the synthesized muscle patterning in the forelimb model had a strong resemblance to empirical muscle patterning, suggesting that our model has utility in providing a realistic set of estimated muscle excitations over time when given a kinematic template. The strength of the similarity between empirical muscle activity and optimal control predictions increases as mice performance improves throughout learning of the reaching task. Our computational tools are available as open-source in the OpenSim physics and modeling platform. Our model can enhance research into limb control across broad research topics and can inform analyses of motor learning, muscle synergies, neural patterning, and behavioral research that would otherwise be inaccessible.NEW & NOTEWORTHYInvestigations into motor planning and execution lack an accurate and complete model of the forelimb, which could bolster or expand on findings. We sought to construct such a model using high detail scans of murine anatomy and prior research into muscle physiology. We then used the model to predict muscle excitations in a set of reaching movements and found that it provided accurate estimations and provided insight into an optimal-control framework of motor learning.