bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left versus right carotid artery IMT: differential impact of age, gender, and cardiovascular risk factors
Authors: Stevens Belinda , Abdool-Carrim Talib , Woodiwiss Angela J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCarotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), an important clinical marker of atherosclerosis, is used widely in screening for cardiovascular risk and prognosis. Measurements of carotid artery IMT are made on both the left and right sides of the body, however as per the Mannheim consensus, an average of these measurements is usually reported. Nevertheless, there is considerable debate whether there are side differences in the carotid artery IMT in terms of both measurements and determinants. In a large sample of Caucasian patients (n = 1888) referred for cardiovascular risk assessment, we compared the left and the right common carotid artery IMT measurements, and assessed whether age, gender and cardiovascular risk factors have differential effects. We found that the left common carotid artery IMT (0.7141 ± 0.1733 mm) is larger than the right (0.6861 ± 0.1594, p < 0.0001), but not in the young (< 30 years) or the elderly (> 69 years), and that this side difference is less in women (0.019 ± 0.116 mm) than in men (0.036 ± 0.148 mm, p < 0.001). In addition to age (p < 0.0001) and gender (p < 0.0001), the left common carotid artery IMT was determined by dyslipidaemia (protective, p = 0.016) and diabetes mellitus (p = 0.022); whereas the right common carotid artery IMT was determined by hypertension (p = 0.0002). The differential determinants of left versus right common carotid artery IMT were similar in men and women, and in young and old. In conclusion, side differences in measurements of the common carotid artery IMT depend upon age and gender. In addition, cardiovascular risk factors have differential effects on the left and right common carotid artery IMT.
Cash Flow Forecasting for Self-employed Workers: Fuzzy Inference Systems or Parametric Models?
Authors: Palomero Luis , García Vicente , Sánchez J. Salvador 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCash flow forecasting is an important task for any organization, but it becomes crucial for self-employed workers. In this paper, we model the cash flow of three real self-employed workers as a time series problem and compare the performance of conventional parametric methods against two types of fuzzy inference systems in terms of both prediction error and processing time. Our evaluation demonstrates that there is no winning model, but that each forecasting method’s performance depends on the characteristics of the cash flow data. However, experimental results suggest that parametric methods and Mamdani-type fuzzy inference systems outperform Takagi–Sugeno–Kang-type systems.
Effects of an antioxidant-rich extract from the brown macroalga Alaria esculenta on the shelf-life of Atlantic salmon fillets
Authors: Rautenberger Ralf , Dey Mithun , Palihawadana Anjana Mahesh , Kiron Viswanath 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe brown marine macroalga Alaria esculenta contains phlorotannins as polyphenolic compounds in its cell walls. This study aimed to understand their antioxidant effects on preserving the lipids in fillets of freshly-slaughtered farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). First, soluble phlorotannins were extracted from wild-grown population of A. esculenta in North Norway (Bodø) using solid/liquid extraction. A small-scale solid/liquid extraction (15 mg mL−1) with 70% acetone showed that 84% of total soluble phlorotannins (25.10 mg g−1 dry weight) were extracted after the first out of four extraction steps. In a large-scale extraction (3 mg 400 mL−1), the contents of soluble phlorotannins and the DPPH-based antioxidant capacities (measured as IC50) in 70% acetone- and water-based crude extracts were similar. Water is preferred extraction solvent for the following experiment because it complies with food safety standards, may minimise work procedures and is in accordance with the principles of Green Chemistry. Secondly, the antioxidant properties of the soluble phlorotannins were tested through incubating salmon fillets (Norwegian Quality Cuts) in water-based extracts. After six days of storage on ice, the peroxide value of Alaria-treated fillets was lower compared to the control (without Alaria-extract), while the p-anisidine and free fatty acid values remained unchanged. This indicates the phlorotannins’ inhibitory effect on the formation of primary rather than secondary lipid oxidation products. This study demonstrated that the antioxidant properties of the soluble phlorotannins extracted from A. esculenta using water can preserve the nutritional value of salmon fillets to extend the seafood’s shelf-life.
Academic entrepreneurship in the humanities and social sciences: a systematic literature review and research agenda
Authors: Cunningham James A. , Miller Kristel , Perea-Vicente Jose-Luis 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe predominant empirical focus of academic entrepreneurship research has been in the science, technology and engineering domains. To date there has been a limited research and empirical focus on academic entrepreneurship in the humanities, arts and social sciences (HASS). This is against a background of the growing societal and policy recognition of the important contributions and impact of HASS based research. The purpose of this paper through a systematic literature review is to examine the current state of academic entrepreneurship research in HASS. Our systematic literature identified four key themes namely, actors,barriers,mechanismsandmeasurementandevaluation. From this, we develop and outline a research agenda for academic entrepreneurship in HASS.
Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A in paediatric non-neurogenic therapy resistant overactive bladder: a cohort study
Authors: Hougaard Nicklas B. , Breinbjerg Anders , Kamperis Konstantinos , Skott Martin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction and objective
Intradetrusor Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A (BoNT-A) is an increasingly applied treatment modality for overactive bladder (OAB) in children with refractory urinary incontinence. Despite that, evidence is sparse, and the potential not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of intradetrusor injection in children with refractory functional OAB and urinary incontinence. Furthermore, we aimed to identify predictors of efficacy and side effects to BoNT-A treatment.

Materials and methods
We conducted a cohort study of children with OAB and urinary incontinence who received intradetrusor injection of BoNT-A in the period 01.01.2016 to 31.12.2020 at our centre. All patients were refractory to standard urotherapy, anticholinergics, mirabegron and the combination of these treatments. Patients with neurogenic bladder were excluded.
Primary endpoint was the reduction on the frequency of urinary incontinence episodes from baseline. Secondary endpoints included urodynamic parameters and uroflowmetry characteristics as well as side effects.

Results
Forty-three children (mean age at first treatment 10.7 ± 1.8, 30 males) were included.
After first treatment, a reduction of ≥ 50% in incontinence episodes was seen in 58% of patients with daytime urinary incontinence (DUI) and 47% of patients with nocturnal enuresis (NE). Adverse events, mainly urinary tract infections (UTI), were reported by 16% of patients after first treatment. Our analysis identified normal cystometric compliance as a significant predictor of treatment effect We estimated the mean duration of effect to be approximately 7 months.

Conclusions
Intradetrusor BoNT-A injection appears to be a safe and effective option in treating refractory urinary incontinent children with overactive bladder. We identified cystometric compliance as a predictor of response. Most children necessitate repeated treatments. Further prospective and controlled studies are necessary in order to fully identify predictors and potential of treatment.
Implementation and outcomes in benign gynecological surgery with HUGO™ RAS system 12 months initial experience
Authors: Yagur Yael , Martino Martin A. , Sarofim Mikhail , Almoqren Mohammed , Anderson Hayley , Robertson Jessica , Choi Sarah , Rosen David , Chou Danny 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe share our experience with the Hugo™ Robotic-Assisted Surgery system in benign gynecological surgeries. We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent elective robotic surgeries for benign gynecological conditions at our surgical center from February 2023 to February 2024. Data collected included patient demographics, surgery indications, and outcomes. Perioperative data on port-placement time, arm configurations, docking, and console time were documented. Procedural outcome data including troubleshooting and overall satisfaction were also recorded. The primary outcome was perioperative data on port placement, docking time, arm configuration, and console time. The secondary outcome was defined as team satisfaction, system troubleshooting, arm repositioning, and complications graded 3–4 on the Clavien–Dindo Scale. A total of 60 patients underwent procedures for benign gynecological conditions using the Hugo™ RAS over the 12-month study period, primarily for pelvic endometriosis (53%), hysterectomies (27%), and adnexal surgery (10%). The mean port-placement time was 13 min and 41 s. In 31% of cases, low-port placement was used, with arm positioning being asymmetrical in 63% and symmetrical in 37%, demonstrating the system’s flexibility in customizing port configurations while optimizing cosmetic outcomes. Docking time averaged 5 min and 51 s, and console time was 1 h and 5 min. Operational challenges included arm tremors and limited workspace for the assistant. This study details our knowledge using the Hugo™ RAS. Learning curves of port placement, arm positioning, docking, and procedure time can be rapidly adapted in a well-trained team. Our experience suggests the technology is still in its learning curve period.
Data sharing practices: The interplay of data, organizational structures, and network dynamics
Authors: Fassnacht Marcel , Leimstoll Jannis , Benz Carina , Heinz Daniel , Satzger Gerhard 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWith the proliferation of data and advanced analytics, organizations are increasingly recognizing the potential value of sharing data across organizational boundaries. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence and systematic frameworks to guide the design of effective data sharing practices. Realizing the full potential of data sharing requires the effective design and implementation of data sharing practices by considering the interplay of data, organizational structures, and network dynamics. This study presents an empirically and theoretically grounded taxonomy of data sharing practices drawing on existing literature and real-world data sharing cases. The subsequent cluster analysis identifies four generic archetypes of data sharing practices, differing in their primary orientation toward compliance, efficiency, revenue, or society. From a theoretical perspective, our work conceptualizes data sharing practices as a foundation for a more systematic and detailed exploration in future research. At the practitioner level, we enable organizations to strategically develop and scale data sharing practices to effectively leverage data as a strategic asset.
Cofactor recycling strategies for secondary metabolite production in cell-free protein expression systems
Authors: Zou Yutong , Bailey Constance B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) has emerged as an attractive platform for biotechnology and synthetic biology due to its numerous advantages to cell-based technologies for specific applications. CFPS can be faster, less sensitive to metabolite toxicity, and amenable to systems that are not easily genetically manipulated. Due to these advantages, a promising application of CFPS is to characterize biosynthetic gene clusters, particularly those harbored within the genomes of microorganisms that generate secondary metabolites, otherwise known as natural products. In the postgenomic era, genome sequencing has revealed an incredible wealth of metabolic diversity. However, far more of these pathways are termed “cryptic,” i.e., unable to be produced under standard laboratory conditions than have been characterized. A major barrier to characterizing these cryptic natural products using CFPS is that many of these pathways require utilization of complex cofactors, many of which to date are not recycled efficiently or in an economically viable fashion. In this perspective, we outline strategies to regenerate cofactors relevant to secondary metabolite production in CFPS. This includes adenosine 5′-triphosphate, coenzyme A, redox cofactors (iron-sulfur clusters, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, flavin adenine dinucleotide), all of which play a crucial role in important biosynthetic enzymes. Such advances in cofactor recycling enable continuous production of complex metabolites in CFPS and expand the utility of this emergent platform.
How to communicate and what to disclose to participants in a recall-by-genotype research approach: a multistep empirical study
Authors: Tschigg Katharina , Consoli Luca , Brüggemann Norbert , Hicks Andrew A. , Staunton Ciara , Mascalzoni Deborah , Biasiotto Roberta 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRecall-by-genotype (RbG) is a bottom-up approach using existing genetic data to design follow-up stratified studies. Genetic information may be partially disclosed at invitation, thus raising ethical issues which call for defined best practices for disclosure and communication in RbG approaches. Within the context of the ProtectMove sub-project of the Cooperative Health Research in South Tyrol (CHRIS) study, we investigated research participant perspectives on RbG communication strategies (Step 1 and 4, questionnaire with a subsample of CHRIS participants with and without previous experience of RbG, respectively). Additionally, we explored researchers’ and study personnel’s experience with RbG (Step 2 and 3, focus group discussion). In step 1 (N = 95), participants were generally satisfied with the study process. Most (71.6%) wanted to know their carrier status for personal and collective benefit. Tailored disclosure strategies and transparent, effective, and well-thought-out communication approaches were advocated by study personnel (Step 2, N = 6) and researchers (Step 3, N = 7). Challenges in dealing with uncertainty, concerns caused by RbG invitations, and the possibility of misunderstanding were also raised. In step 4 (N = 369), participants valued being informed of study details at the first invitation stage, and generally felt comfortable towards RbG study invitations (58.5%) and to receiving genetic information after the study (58.5–81.6%). Comfort and perceived impact of disclosure of genetic information varied according to the type of variant being potentially disclosed. This study suggested designing communication strategies, based on clear and understandable explanations, sensitive to participant expectations and preferences, developing case-by-case solutions for disclosure.
Backdoor learning curves: explaining backdoor poisoning beyond influence functions
Authors: Cinà Antonio Emanuele , Grosse Kathrin , Vascon Sebastiano , Demontis Ambra , Biggio Battista , Roli Fabio , Pelillo Marcello 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Backdoor attacks inject poisoning samples during training, with the goal of forcing a machine learning model to output an attacker-chosen class when presented with a specific trigger at test time. Although backdoor attacks have been demonstrated in a variety of settings and against different models, the factors affecting their effectiveness are still not well understood. In this work, we provide a unifying framework to study the process of backdoor learning under the lens of incremental learning and influence functions. We show that the effectiveness of backdoor attacks depends on (i) the complexity of the learning algorithm, controlled by its hyperparameters; (ii) the fraction of backdoor samples injected into the training set; and (iii) the size and visibility of the backdoor trigger. These factors affect how fast a model learns to correlate the presence of the backdoor trigger with the target class. Our analysis unveils the intriguing existence of a region in the hyperparameter space in which the accuracy of clean test samples is still high while backdoor attacks are ineffective, thereby suggesting novel criteria to improve existing defenses.
Vulnerability of Ecosystem Services and Functions of Elephant Marsh, Malawi, to Land Use and Land Cover Change
Authors: Makwinja Rodgers , Curtis Christopher J. , Tesfamichael Solomon G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractElephant Marsh is among the Ramsar sites in Africa that exist in complex conditions where its ecosystem services and functions (ESFs) have changed in time and space. The past 24 years have seen it being exposed to various threats instigated by land use/land cover changes (LULCC). Assessing its vulnerabilities under LULCC scenarios is essential in understanding the trajectory of its ESFs and for framing practical policy responses. This paper characterizes the Elephant Marsh ESF threats (drivers), pressures, state, impact, and the effectiveness of responses. The integration of the Fuzzy Delph method and analytical hierarchy process ranked the threats. The vulnerability assessment results revealed that demographic indicators (0.92) posed the most critical threats, followed by socio-economic (0.84) and ecological indicators (0.76). LULCC that occurred in eight-year intervals (1998, 2006, 2014, and 2022) driven by human and environmental dynamics reduced Elephant Marsh ESFs evidenced by a decline in the cumulative resilience coefficient (0.57 to 0.15), and increase in extreme weather events cumulative coefficient (0.3 to 0.8), indicating vulnerability state. The most impacted ESFs include regulatory, supporting, provisioning, and cultural ESFs. The study further showed that the effort to restore these most vulnerable ESFs under the current changing climatic scenarios mismatched the demand for ecosystem provisioning services, evidenced by the expansion of cultivated and irrigated land at the expense of areas covered by water, marshes, and forests. This study recommends integrating climate change mitigation efforts and community resilience planning in the development and implementation of wetland policy, management plans, and restoration strategies.
Arterial anastomosis in LDLT: techniques and risks
Authors: Di Sandro Stefano , Catellani Barbara , Balci Deniz , Di Benedetto Fabrizio ,   The Micro-Surgical Study Group
Published: September 2024

AbstractReconstructing the hepatic artery in adult living donor liver transplantation is technically challenging, with complications leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Early arterial thrombosis can result in a mortality rate up to 50%, often necessitating re-transplantation. The most common techniques for arterial anastomosis include end-to-end reconstruction with interrupted or continuous sutures, either using magnifying loupes or a microscope. Although microscopes provide enhanced precision, they do not significantly reduce early thrombosis rates compared to loupes but increase surgical time. Overall, surgeons can achieve early thrombosis rates below 1% with experience and evolving techniques.
Association between cognitive functioning and health-related quality of life and its mediation by depressive symptoms in older patients with kidney failure
Authors: Demirhan Imre , van Oevelen Mathijs , Skalli Zeinab , Voorend Carlijn G. N. , Mooijaart Simon P. , Meuleman Yvette , Verhaar Marianne C. , Bos Willem Jan W. , van Buren Marjolijn , Abrahams Alferso C. ,   DIALOGICA study group, Leurs P , van der Net J B , Cnossen T T , Goossens K , Neradova A , van Breda F , Eshuis M , Bunthof K L W , ter Meulen R , Dam R A G J , Konings C J A M , van Eck van der Sluijs A , Logtenberg S J J , Severs D , Polinder-Bos H A , Boonstra A H , van der Leeuw J , Vermeeren Y M , Hommes N H , van Buren M , Siezenga M A , Golüke M M S , Kallenberg M H , Hoogeveen E K , Kerckhoffs A P M , Cornelis T , Boorsma S , Bouwsma H , Michels W M , van den Dorpel R M A , Hoekstra B , Joosten J M H , Litjens E J R , Kramer A B , Kuijper A , Bosma R J , Romijn M D M , Adema A Y , Bontemps-Visser A , van Dam B , van der Meijden W , Boom H , van Kempen G , Klein H H T I , Bos W J W , Snoep J D , Schuurmans M H P J , Nauta F L , Franssen C F M , Diepenbroek A , Abrahams A C , Molenaar F M , François K , Wauters I , Krekels M , Plum F 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Impaired cognition, poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and depressive symptoms are common in older patients with kidney failure. Understanding what influences HRQoL is important, as older patients regard HRQoL as a health priority. This study examines whether cognitive functioning is associated with HRQoL and whether depressive symptoms mediate this effect in older patients with kidney failure.

Methods
Outpatients aged ≥ 65 years from 35 Dutch and Belgian hospitals with eGFR 20–10 mL/min/1.73 m2 were included from the ongoing DIALOGICA study. Cognitive functioning was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Depressive symptoms were screened with 2 Whooley Questions and thereafter assessed with the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. HRQoL was assessed using the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey. To assess whether cognitive functioning is associated with HRQoL, cross-sectional multivariable linear regression analyses were performed. Subsequent mediation analyses were performed with PROCESS using the product method.

Results
In total, 403 patients were included, with a mean age of 76.5 years (SD 5.8) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 14.5 mL/min/1.73 m2 (SD 3.0). Cognitive functioning was associated with mental HRQoL (adjusted β 0.30, 95% CI 0.05;0.55) but not physical HRQoL (adjusted β 0.18, 95% CI -0.09;0.44). This effect is mediated by depressive symptoms (adjusted β 0.14, 95% CI 0.04;0.25).

Conclusion
Lower cognitive functioning was negatively associated with mental HRQoL, which was mediated by depressive symptoms in older patients with kidney failure. Future research should explore whether cognitive interventions and treatment of depression improve HRQoL in this vulnerable patient population.

Graphical Abstract