bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a rapid and quantitative lateral flow assay for the simultaneous measurement of serum κ and λ immunoglobulin free light chains (FLC): inception of a new near-patient FLC screening tool
Authors: Campbell John P. , Heaney Jennifer L.J. , Shemar Meena , Baldwin Dene , Griffin Ann E. , Oldridge Emma , Goodall Margaret , Afzal Zaheer , Plant Tim , Cobbold Mark , Jefferis Roy , Jacobs Joannes F.M. , Hand Christopher , Drayson Mark T. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackground:Serum free light chains (FLC) are sensitive biomarkers used for the diagnosis and management of plasma cell dyscrasias, such as multiple myeloma (MM), and are central to clinical screening algorithms and therapy response criteria. We have developed a portable, near-patient, lateral-flow test (SeraliteMethods:Assay interference, imprecision, lot-to-lot variability, linearity, and the utility of a competitive-inhibition design for the elimination of antigen-excess (‘hook effect’) were assessed. Reference ranges were calculated from 91 healthy donor sera. Preliminary clinical validation was conducted by retrospective analysis of sera from 329 patients. Quantitative and diagnostic results were compared to FreeliteResults:SeraliteConclusions:Seralite
The Effects of Inference-Training and Text Repetition on Chinese Learners’ Incidental Vocabulary Acquisition While Listening
Authors: Ellis Rod , Le Chang 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis article reports a study of the effects of inference training and text repetition on Chinese university students’ performance of two listening information-transfer tasks that provided built-in measures of their comprehension and opportunities for the acquisition of ten unknown target words embedded in the listening texts. One group just listened to the text once, a second group three times, while the third listened three times and received inference-training support. The results showed that text repetition had a positive effect on both comprehension and vocabulary acquisition. However, the inference-training had no additional effect. The study lends support to the findings of previous studies which have shown that repeated opportunities to process oral input have a positive effect on listening comprehension and extends these studies by showing that it also facilitates incidental vocabulary acquisition.
Relative clause preference in learners of Chinese as a second language
Authors: Qiang Li , Xiaoyu Guo , Yiru Yao , Müller Nicole 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIt has been debated whether preference for subject-extracted relative clauses in language processing is a universal rule, with evidence from both first and second language acquisition studies. But very few studies focus on learners of Chinese as a second language. The current research studied Chinese subject/object-extracted relative clauses processing among the learners of Chinese as a second language by a self-paced reading experiment. The results demonstrate a faster and more accurate processing of subject-extracted relative clauses in both subject and object modifying conditions, adding more evidence to the universal preference for the subject-extracted relative clauses. Both Frequency-Based Accounts and Memory-Based Accounts are discussed related to the current findings.
Thiol/disulfide parameters as a novel oxidative marker in medical labor induction with oxytocin
Authors: Eryilmaz Ozlem Gun , Kansu-Celik Hatice , Erel Ozcan , Erdogan Serpil 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Background:
The aim of this study was to analyze the alterations in thiol levels among mothers and neonates who were prone to medical oxytocin induction.

Materials and methods:
A total of 40 pregnant women who underwent medical labor induction with oxytocin (Group A) were compared with 53 women whose labor progressed spontaneously without any kind of induction (Group B). We measured the thiol/disulfide homeostasis parameters (native thiol, total thiol, disulfide, disulfide/total thiol, disulfide/native thiol) of maternal and cord blood.

Results:
There were no statistically significant differences with respect to the maternal and cord blood thiol/disulfide homeostasis between the two groups.

Conclusion:
Being an artificial intervention during labor, oxytocin induction has been found to be safe in terms of oxidative stress (OS) according to the results of this study. Both the maternal and the fetal sides were safe in this molecular manner against oxytocin infusion.
Integrated oral, mental and sexual health management for adolescents: a call for professional collaboration
Authors: Folayan Morenike O. , Adeniyi Abiola A. , Oziegbe Elizabeth O. , Fatusi Adesegun O. , Harrison Abigail 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Background:
Globally, young people account for 15.5% of the total global disability-adjusted life-years burden for all age groups. They face mental health, nutritional problems, accidental and intentional injuries, sexual and reproductive health problems, and substance abuse. These health challenges have effects on their oral health. This paper discusses the oral health problems adolescents face and suggests approaches for providing integrated oral and general health care for adolescents.

Discussion:
Oral health issues linked with adolescent health concerns include: malocclusion and esthetic concerns linked with mental health status; oral and maxillofacial injuries linked with accidental and intentional injuries; oral manifestations of sexually transmitted infections; oral leukoplakia and oral cancers linked with alcohol, tobacco and psychoactive substance abuse; and oral manifestations of anemia resulting from nutritional problems. Training oral health care providers on adolescent health and care could promote prompt diagnosis, management and prevention of complications associated with major health challenges affecting adolescents.

Conclusion:
Adolescent oral health care needs focused attention: as a possible route for early diagnosis and management of general health problems and for promoting adolescent oral health care. Oral health care should be integrated into adolescent friendly services and oral health care providers should learn how to handle adolescents’ health needs.
Politeness without routines: a case study in Hobongan and implications for typology
Authors: Perkins Marla 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn a partial report on field work conducted among the Hobongan in Indonesia during 2012–2015, I note that the language has very few idiomatic politeness routines (a couple of greetings with which to send people on their travels are notable exceptions). However, the language has many other ways to indicate politeness and impoliteness. One such strategy is lexical items to indicate curses; there are three lexical items that often combine with other terms to form idiomatic curses in the language, which suggests, in comparison to the idiomatic expressions of farewell, that impoliteness is more important than politeness, at least with regard to idiomatic expressions. Another strategy to maintain politeness is to participate in social rituals that can be observed but that do not necessarily co-occur with politeness routines. Although there are incantations, often associated with social rituals, they are too extensive to be considered politeness routines in the usual sense; impoliteness is indicated by a refusal to participate in the rituals. These rituals thus provide a fully pragmatic way to conduct politeness and impoliteness, not requiring stated terms. Perhaps the most common way to indicate politeness is through the use of many euphemisms, including ways to talk to and about people without using their given names (the use of given names is avoided in order to prevent evil spirits from being able to identify individuals); such euphemisms also include terms to avoid speaking directly about bodily functions and sexual activity that are not considered acceptable for polite Hobongan society. It has been noted that although a range of possibilities exist for politeness, including behavioral and pragmatic possibilities (
Comparison of Ai Chi and Impairment-Based Aquatic Therapy for Older Adults With Balance Problems: A Clinical Study
Authors: Covill Laura G. , Utley Cynthia , Hochstein Cheryl 
Published: August 2016

Background and Purpose:
Older adults with balance deficits often fear falling and limit their mobility. Poor balance is multifactorial, influenced by medication interactions, musculoskeletal and sensory system changes, and poor neuromuscular response to changes in body positions. Aquatic physical therapy (APT) is an intervention used to improve balance and decrease falls. Ai Chi is a water-based exercise program. It incorporates slow movements of progressive difficulty utilizing the upper and lower extremities and trunk coordinated with deep breathing. It is used for relaxation, strengthening, and balance training. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Ai Chi provides better results than conventional impairment-based aquatic therapy (IBAT) for older adults with balance deficits.

Methods:
Thirty-two community-dwelling adults, 65 to 85 years old, were referred to 2 different community pools for APT. Fifteen participants received Ai Chi-based aquatic interventions and 17 participants received an IBAT program. Physical therapists trained in both programs completed interventions and determined discharge. Physical balance measures, which included the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Timed Up and Go (TUG), were collected pre- and posttherapy. Self-reported outcome measures, the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) and Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), were collected pre- and posttherapy and 3- and 6-month postdischarge.

Results:
A 2-way (group by time) mixed-model analysis of covariance with initial outcome scores as a covariate revealed no difference between groups in any of the outcome measures (BBS, P = .53; TUG, P = .39; ABC, P = .63; NPRS, P = .27). Repeated-measures analysis and dependent t tests showed significant improvements in the BBS (P = .00) and TUG (P = .03) after APT. The ABC and NPRS did not improve significantly (ABC, P = .27; NPRS, P = .77).

Conclusions:
There were no significant differences found in balance measures, balance confidence, or pain levels for community-dwelling older adults between the Ai Chi and IBAT programs. Physical outcome measures improved with APT but patient-reported measures did not. Further study is indicated to determine the most effective treatment frequency and duration for this population.
Pilot clinical observations between food and drug seeking derived from fifty cases attending an eating disorder clinic
Authors: Beitscher-Campbell Harriet , Blum Kenneth , Febo Marcelo , Madigan Margaret A. , Giordano John , Badgaiyan Rajendra D. , Braverman Eric R. , Dushaj Kristina , Li Mona , Gold Mark S. 
Published: August 2016

Background
The reward deficiency syndrome hypothesis posits that genes are responsible for reward dependence and related behaviors. There is evidence that both bulimia and anorexia nervosa, especially in women, have been linked to a lifetime history of substance use disorder (SUD). There are difficulties in accepting food as an addiction similar to drugs; however, increasingly neuroimaging studies favor such an assertion.

Case presentations
We are reporting the evidence of comorbidity of eating disorders with SUD found within these case presentations. We show 50 case reports derived from two independent treatment centers in Florida that suggest the commonality between food and drug addictions. In an attempt to provide data from this cohort, many participants did not adequately respond to our questionnaire.

Discussion
We propose that dopamine agonist therapy may be of common benefit. Failure in the past may reside in too powerful D2 agonist activity leading to D2 receptor downregulation, while the new methodology may cause a reduction of “dopamine resistance” by inducing “dopamine homeostasis.” While this is not a definitive study, it does provide some additional clinical evidence that these two addictions are not mutually exclusive.

Conclusion
Certainly, it is our position that there is an overlap between food- and drug-seeking behavior. We propose that the studies focused on an effort to produce natural activation of dopaminergic reward circuitry as a type of common therapy may certainly be reasonable. Additional research is warranted.
Electronic Transport Across Porous/Crystalline Silicon Heterojunctions
Authors: Islam Md. N. , Ram Sanjay K. , Kumar Satyendra 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAl/PS junctions are non-rectifying and quasi-linear whereas Al/PS/c-Si junctions are weakly rectifying. The rectifying behavior is due to PS/c-Si heterojunction. The diode ideality factor (n) is about 8 for bias ≤0.5 V (about 50 for bias ≤5 V) at forward bias and nearly 1 for ≤0.5 V at reverse bias. As the temperature decreases, n at both forward and reverse biases increases. Different current transport mechanisms are found to be operating across the PS/c-Si junctions under forward and reverse biases. The barrier height measured from I-V data for ≤0.5 V is higher for forward bias than that for reverse bias. For high reverse biases (>5 V), the reverse current increases slowly following In(I)∝ V1/2 law. I-V results on PS/c-Si junctions are explained by a multi tunneling-recombination model for forward bias while carrier generation-recombination and barrier lowering effects for reverse bias.
Hypertelorism and Orofacial Clefting Revisited: An Anthropometric Investigation
Authors: Weinberg Seth M. , Leslie Elizabeth J. , Hecht Jacqueline T. , Wehby George L. , Deleyiannis Frederic W.B. , Moreno Lina M. , Christensen Kaare , Marazita Mary L. 
Published: August 2016

Objective Since the 1960s, multiple studies have reported a tendency toward hypertelorism in individuals with nonsyndromic orofacial clefts (OFCs). However, the association between specific cleft types and increased interorbital distance has been inconsistent. Using three-dimensional (3D) surface imaging, we tested whether different forms of clefting showed evidence of increased interorbital distance. Methods Intercanthal and outercanthal distances and intercanthal indices were calculated from 3D facial surface images of 287 individuals with repaired OFCs. Raw measurements were converted to sex and age-normalized Z-scores. Mean Z-scores for individuals with cleft lip (CL), cleft lip and palate (CLP), and cleft palate (CP) were compared with reference normative values (controls) and one another directly using t tests and analysis of variance. Results The CLP group showed a significant increase in intercanthal width ( P = .001) and intercanthal index ( P < .001) compared with reference norms. The CP group showed a significant decrease ( P < .001) in outercanthal width. The CL group showed no difference from reference norms. The proportion of clinically hyperteloric individuals was generally low but highest in the CLP group (7.4%). Cleft severity had little effect on interorbital spacing. Conclusions Individuals with CLP exhibited on average a tendency toward mild hypertelorism, driven primarily by an increase in intercanthal distance. This tendency was not seen in CL or CP.
Predicament of Dalits in the Select Poems Of Meena Kandasamy
Authors: Priya C. Shanmuga 
Published: August 2016

<div><p><em>Dalit Literature is the writings about dalits whose primary motive is the liberation of dalits. Dalit writers have provided useful insights on the question of Dalit identity through their poems, short stories, novels and autobiographies. They have given a dignified status to the Dalits liberating them from the sub-human lot imposed on them by the Hindu social order. They use the language of the out-castes and under-privileged in Indian society, with their sharp expression. This paper explores the sensible portrayal of the predicament to the outcastes in Indian society in her select poems. </em></p></div>
Technology Update: Using Schematics for Managing Well Barriers
Authors: Fjagesund Tore 
Published: August 2016

Technology Update
Well integrity and well barriers have been part of the exploitation for oil and gas for nearly a century, with the introduction of the blowout preventer (BOP) in the 1920s. The concept of creating well barrier schematics was inaugurated in Norway in 1992, long before the accidents on the Montara platform in 2009 and the Deepwater Horizon rig in 2010 elevated the global focus on well integrity.
A Common Understanding
Yet there are large variations in the industry’s perception of well integrity and well barriers, despite the daily use of these terms by drilling and well engineers. Well integrity is defined by the Norsok Standard D-010 (Rev. 4, 2013) as an “application of technical, operational, and organizational solutions to reduce risk of uncontrolled release of formation fluids and well fluids throughout the life cycle of a well.”
The definition is so broad that engineers might prefer something that lends itself to a more practical, hands-on description. This is where the well barriers principle comes into play.
If you ask someone what a well barrier is, you will get many different answers. However, it is possible to unify them on the concept of an envelope. The well barrier envelope is the physical system that prevents fluids from flowing unintentionally from the formation into another formation or to the external environment. The envelope is designed to contain this pressurized effluent.
Barrier Envelope Principle
The benefit of using the envelope principle is that we can create two independent envelopes, one outside of the other. We will have primary containment of the pressurized fluid, so that no matter where the pressure might escape through the primary barrier, there will always be a secondary containment behind the primary barrier as a backup (Figs. 1a and 1b). To be consistent and to avoid ambiguity, it is best to define the secondary barrier as the last line of defense rather than barrier No. 2.
Search for Elusive Sweet Spots Is Changing Reservoir Evaluation
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen 
Published: August 2016

Conference review - 2015 Unconventional Resources Technology Conference
The pursuit of sweet spots in unconventional oil and gas plays is driving the creation of an emerging set of data-driven systems to measure, map, and predict how wells will perform in unconventional reservoirs.
Over 3 days at the recent Unconventional Resources Technology Conference in San Antonio, Texas, speakers outlined techniques used to create detailed, large-scale digital maps and models to navigate enormous formations where abrupt, unpredictable change is the norm. The conference was organized by SPE, the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, and the Society of Exploration Geophysicists.
The developing systems mesh together different sorts of information and experts with a dizzying array of skill sets. One paper described how to complete wells better using: “Advanced Petrophysical, Geological, Geophysical and Geomechanical Characterization” for more productive fracturing.
At the conference, there were presentations about unconventional field studies from BP, Callon Petroleum, ConocoPhillips, Devon Energy, Pioneer Natural Resources, and Talisman Energy, to name only companies that had done work in Texas.
The plunge in oil and gas prices that is driving layoffs and deep budget cuts by operators and service companies is pressuring unconventional oil producers to seek affordable ways to increase production and eliminate wasteful spending on unproductive drilling and fracturing.
“We are in an ever-changing, low-cost environment. We are looking for the most optimal, cost-effective methods,” said Nancy Zakhour, a completion engineer at Callon Petroleum, who worked for Schlumberger during the project. The comment was made during a presentation (SPE 178575) about a project done by Callon and Schlumberger using microseismic, pressure measurements while fracturing, core analysis, and mineral testing to confirm and add detail to 3D seismic testing to create data-rich, digital rock property maps.
That presentation hit on a common theme at the conference: finding ways to navigate reservoirs that are highly heterogeneous, which means conditions can change as abruptly and unexpectedly as the production of the wells drilled.
Mexico Awards First Offshore Exploration Tenders
Authors: Jacobs Trent 
Published: August 2016

Country Profile
The new era of Mexican oil exploration has officially begun, but not quite as the government had hoped.
Only 2 of 14 shallow-water blocks offered in the country’s first public tender were awarded in mid-July. Blocks 2 and 7 went to a consortium led by a Mexican-based startup, Sierra Oil. Its partners are Talos Energy of Houston and United Kingdom-based Premier Oil. Just seven firms made bids in the auction that Mexican officials predicted would be significantly more competitive.
The auction was conducted by the National Commission of Hydrocarbons (CNH) in Mexico City and served as the country’s historic return to the privatization of oil and gas exploration since the industry was nationalized in 1938.
The Mexican government believed at least four or five blocks would be successfully awarded and independent estimates were as high as seven. Juan Carlos Zepeda, president commissioner of the CNH, acknowledged that the government fell short of its goal to award 30% of the blocks.
“Round One did not show the results we expected,” he said at the conclusion of the auction. “Without any doubt, an underlying factor is low oil prices, which have resulted in lower investment capacity from companies.” He added that the blocks on auction also had a higher degree of geologic uncertainty compared with blocks set for subsequent auctions. The blocks not awarded may be restructured and auctioned off in a later round.
In defending the auction results, Zepeda said the government is taking little financial risk to gain big rewards. When factoring in taxes and royalties, and assuming discoveries are made, the government will collect at least 74% of the profit share for Block 2 and at least 83% for Block 7.
“Both contracts were awarded under very positive terms for the state and that is the objective of this—to seek the highest possible income for the state,” Zepeda said.
Block 7 was the most competitive, attracting four qualified bids and one that fell below the revenue-sharing minimum. Bids on three other blocks were disqualified because they fell 5% below the government’s threshold for revenue sharing. The minimum profit share with the Mexican government was set at 40% for most blocks and 25% for heavy oil and wet gas blocks.