bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional and Clinical Outcomes of Nonsurgically Managed Tibial Plateau Fractures
Authors: Pean Christian A. , Driesman Adam , Christiano Anthony , Konda Sanjit R. , Davidovitch Roy , Egol Kenneth A. 
Published: April 2017

Introduction:
This study sought to assess and compare long-term functional and clinical outcomes in patients with tibial plateau fractures that are treated nonsurgically.

Methods:
Over a period of 8 years, 305 consecutive tibial plateau fractures were treated by three surgeons at a single institution and followed prospectively in an Institutional Review Board–approved study. Overall, 41 patients (13%) were treated nonsurgically and 37 were available for follow-up. Indications for nonsurgical management were minimal fracture displacement or preclusion of surgery because of comorbidities. A series of univariate retrospective analyses were used to identify individual risk factors potentially predictive of Short Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment scores.

Results:
Thirty-seven patients were included with a mean follow-up of 21 ± 14.9 months. Overall, 59% of patients (n = 22) attained good to excellent functional outcomes. In patients for whom surgery was precluded because of comorbidities, outcome scores were significantly poorer (38.8 ± 23.0 versus 12.7 ± 14.2; P = 0.001). Surgery precluded by a factor other than minimal fracture displacement predicted poor outcome (P = 0.002).

Discussion:
Carefully selected patients with minimally displaced tibial plateau fractures can expect good to excellent outcomes when treated nonsurgically.

Level of Evidence:
Level III, retrospective comparative study
Translating Scientific Terminology: Examples from the Arabic versions of Two International Magazines
Authors: Hassan Bahaa-eddin 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the strategies used in translating scientific terminology. It is an attempt to explore how scientific English terms are translated in the Arabic versions of two international magazines; namely, the famous Scientific American (Arabic Edition) and Nature (Arabic Edition). The evidence provided by these magazines is expected to explain to what extent semantic and communicative translation is crucial in rendering scientific terms into Arabic. It also classifies the different types of semantic translation.
The Search of Safe Harbour from Capitalist Imperialism in Seize the Day
Authors: Siddika Mahmada Khaton , Hani Umme 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Seize the Day by Saul Bellow delineates the imperialistic aggression of money creating a society of emotional sterility. Money like an imperialist controls everybody’s everything and all are forced to adore money in this novella. Here the father-son relationship is rounded with the financial successful father and the financially insolvent son as in the case of Dr. Adler and Wilhelm. Only his father cares of how much he earns. His marriage life with Margaret is controlled by money and rounded with his paying premiums of policies without giving emotional soothing. So he is always in search of safe harbour to build a deep human connection with every situation devoid of adoration of ‘Holy money!’ He goes to Hollywood to be an actor for the fulfillment of his wishes, but it remains unsuccessful. He chases his father to be treated as his kid, but his father cares him not as child. Moreover his identity change from Wilhelm Adler to Tommy Wilhelm is to adapt in capital imperialistic society to find a shelter by having free essential self which turns into a failure attempt. He relies on Tamkin for his success in financial war. Tamkin as a means of imperialism has taken the power of attorney over his last seven hundred dollars and captures this little by little placing the mosquito net over his head by visionary ideas and providing all emotional needs which he is eager to have. But his search of safe harbour is continuously torn by the blow of imperialistic tactics of money and is wounded by the moneymaking weapons. This paper aims at how he achieves a safe harbour in funeral of a stranger with ‘happy oblivion of tears’ by creating a wide vision with his compassion and by the recognition of his connection with common humanity out of capitalist imperialism.
The Impact of Supply Chain Management in the Operations of a Passenger Rail Transport System: A Case Analysis of Passenger Rail Transport from 2009 to 2015
Authors: Chimusoro Oliver , Fourie Cornelius J. , Chimusoro Itai , Twala Mandla , Tshabalala N.G. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The article looks into the influence that supply chain management has in the operations of a passenger rail company in South Africa. The case analysis was based on desktop research on PRASA annual reports from 2009 to 2015 including the two Corporate Plans from 2015 to 2019. Successes and challenges encountered in the organisation will be analysed. Areas to be analysed include enhancement of technical skills, the refurbishment programme, patronage growth, customer satisfaction and passenger safety among others. The article covers the impact of supply chain management (SCM) on the general corporate performance; analyses the risks and disruptions derived from the various supply chain sources undermining supply chain performance; identified, shared and promoted the uptake of best practice in supply chain management.
The Impact of Firm Performance on Executive Compensation in France
Authors: Yamina Amarou , Mohamed Bensaid 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to model the executive compensation in France. From a sample of 90 companies included in the SBF 120 over 2004, we examine whether there is a significant link between the overall executive compensation and corporate performance, and then determine the relationship between the fixed and variable part of the compensation with performance. Our findings highlight in particular the level of total executive compensation that is linked with relatively improved performance. And clearer, the pay of executive increases with the increase of financial performance, whereas, the bonus depends on level of accounting performance. The grant of options to executive is relatively linked to the financial performance of the enterprise level.
BACTÉRIAS DIAZOTRÓFICAS NÃO SIMBIÓTICAS E ENRAIZAMENTO DE ESTACAS SEMILENHOSAS DE OLIVEIRA (<i>Olea europaea</i> L.)
Authors: Silva Talita Filomena , Melloni Rogério , Melloni Eliane Guimarães Pereira , Gonçalves Emerson Dias 
Published: April 2017

Bactérias diazotróficas não simbióticas (BDNS) atuam no desenvolvimento das plantas principalmente por meio da fixação biológica de nitrogênio e pela produção e liberação de substâncias reguladoras do crescimento vegetal. Não há descrito na literatura internacional o efeito dessas bactérias no enraizamento de estacas de oliveira, o qual tem sido proporcionado pelo uso de tratamento hormonal à base de ácido indolbutírico (AIB).Em vista disso, este trabalho objetivou avaliar a diversidade fisiológica de isolados obtidos em amostras de solo da Reserva Biológica Serra dos Toledos (Itajubá - MG) e de estirpes-tipo de BDNS, e o potencial de substituição do hormônio AIB no enraizamento de estacas semilenhosas de oliveira na Fazenda Experimental de Maria da Fé (FEMF-EPAMIG). Os isolados foram distribuídos em 5 grupos (G1 a G5) de acordo com suas características fenotípicas culturais baseadas em cor, diâmetro e consistência das colônias, e as estirpes-tipo utilizadas foram Azospirillum brasilense (BR11001), Azospirillum amazonense (BR11040), Herbaspirillum seropedicae (BR11175) e Burkholderia brasilensis (BR11340). A diversidade fisiológica foi avaliada através de experimentos de solubilização de fosfato, tolerância a diferentes condições de pH, temperatura e produção de ácido indolacético (AIA). Para avaliação do potencial de enraizamento nas estacas semilenhosas de oliveira foram utilizados os cultivares Ascolano 315, Arbequina e Grappolo 541, oriundas do banco de germoplasma da FEMF-EPAMIG. Aplicaram-se 33 tratamentos, nos quais as estacas foram inoculadas com os grupos de isolados bacterianos, com as estirpes-tipo, sem inoculação (controle) e apenas com AIB, comercialmente utilizado na FEMF-EPAMIG. Apenas dois isolados mostraram capacidade de solubilização de fosfato. Os grupos de isolados e das estirpes-tipo apresentaram exigências ambientais muito similares com amplas faixas de condições ótimas de pH (5,0 a 9,0) e temperatura (15-35ºC) para máximo crescimento. Os isolados e estirpes-tipo apresentaram uma produção de AIA variando de 110,53 a 383,58 µg mL-1, sendo que os grupos dos isolados, em geral, não diferiram significativamente dos valores obtidos pelas estirpes-tipo. Todos os grupos de isolados apresentam potencial de enraizamento de estacas de oliveira, sendo aqueles dos grupos 1 e 4 mais indicados para o cultivar Arbequina, grupo 2 para o Grappolo 541 e grupos 1 e 5 para o Ascolano 315, com desempenhos semelhantes àquele proporcionado pelo AIB.
AVALIAÇÃO SILVICULTURAL DE DEZ ESPÉCIES NATIVAS DA MATA ATLÂNTICA
Authors: Mendonça Guilherme Carneiro de , Chichorro José Franklim , Mendonça Adriano Ribeiro de , Guimarães Lorena Abdalla de Oliveira Prata 
Published: April 2017

Com a previsão de escassez de recursos florestais amazônicos é eminente a necessidade de estudos sobre o potencial silvicultural de espécies de outras regiões como a Mata Atlântica. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar características silviculturais das espécies Astronium concinnum, Cariniana legalis, Goniorrhachis marginata, Kielmeyera albopunctata, Lecythis pisonis, Manilkara bella, Basiloxylon brasiliensis, Spondias venulosa, Vitex sp. e Zeyheria tuberculosa, nativas da Mata Atlântica com ocorrência no Espírito Santo. As espécies foram plantadas a pleno sol em plantios puros, com espaçamento de 2 x 2 m. Os povoamentos possuíam idades entre 21 a 25 anos na época da avaliação final e foram conduzidos na Reserva Natural da Vale, nos municípios de Linhares e Sooretama, Espírito Santo. Foram avaliados falha de plantio, fitossanidade, quebra, bifurcação, forma do fuste, diâmetro a altura do peito, altura total e incremento médio anual volumétrico. O volume foi estimado por meio de diferentes equações ajustadas para cada espécie. Constataram-se falhas de plantio expressivas apenas para Cariniana legalis, Zeyheria tuberculosa e Goniorrhachis marginata. Apenas Vitex sp. apresentou restrições fitossanitárias. Spondias venulosa, Goniorrhachis marginata e Kielmeyera albopunctata destacaram-se com os maiores índices de quebras. Goniorrhachis marginata, Manilkara bella e Basiloxylon brasiliensis destacaram-se com os menores índices de bifurcação. Manilkara bella, Cariniana legalis e Zeyheria tuberculosa destacaram-se quanto à forma de fuste retilíneo. Spondias venulosa apresentou crescimento expressivo e superior às demais espécies. São necessários mais estudos para subsidiar o reflorestamento econômico dessas espécies, destacando-se estudos de melhoramento genético, técnicas silviculturais, técnicas de desdobro e de tecnologia da madeira que apontem as aptidões de uso.
TRANSFORMAÇÃO DA CASCA DE ARROZ EM UM PRODUTO DE MAIOR VALOR AGREGADO: POTENCIAL PARA A PRODUÇÃO DE PAINÉIS PARTICULADOS
Authors: César Antônia Amanda da Silva , Bufalino Lina , Mendes Lourival Marin , Mesquita Ricardo Gabriel de Almeida , Protásio Thiago de Paula , Mendes Rafael Farinassi , Andrade Láysa Maria Ferreira 
Published: April 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade de painéis particulados produzidos com diferentes formulações, variando percentagens de adesivo e casca de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) adicionadas à madeira de Cunninghamia lanceolata. Três teores de adesivo (6, 9 e 12%) e três proporções de casca de arroz (25, 50 e 75%) foram combinados resultando em 9 formulações. Para analisar a influência de cada matéria-prima na qualidade final dos painéis, sua composição química foi determinada de acordo com os teores de extrativos, componentes minerais, lignina e holocelulose. Os painéis aglomerados foram avaliados de acordo com as seguintes propriedades físicas e mecânicas: absorção de água (AA), inchamento em espessura (IE), ligação interna (LI), compressão paralela (CP), módulo de elasticidade (MOE) e módulo de ruptura (MOR) na flexão estática. Os valores médios das propriedades físicas e mecânicas demonstraram que menores teores de casca de arroz e maiores teores de teor de adesivo ocasionaram melhor desempenho dos painéis. O baixo teor de lignina e alto teor de cinzas da casca de arroz influenciaram negativamente a qualidade dos painéis. Dentre as formulações avaliadas, painéis com inclusão de 25% de casca de arroz e 9% de ureia-formaldeído apresentaram os melhores resultados. Os painéis produzidos neste trabalho são alternativas potenciais para aplicações gerais em condições secas que não demandem alta resistência mecânica. No entanto, o processo e as formulações necessitam ser ajustados para aplicações estruturais mais exigentes.
ESTRUTURA POPULACIONAL E ESPACIAL DE<i> Cereus jamacaru</i> DC. EM DUAS ÁREAS DE CAATINGA DO AGRESTE DA PARAÍBA, BRASIL
Authors: Barbosa Alex da Silva , Andrade Alberício Pereira de , Pereira Júnior Lécio Resende , Bruno Riselane de Lucena Alcântara , Medeiros Robson Luís Silva de , Barbosa Neto Miguel Avelino 
Published: April 2017

As cactáceas nativas ainda constituem um grupo de plantas que necessita de estudos sobre sua ocorrência, distribuição e dinâmica para subsidiar ações de manejo e conservação da família na região de inserção. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a estrutura e distribuição espacial de Cereus jamacaru DC. em uma mata de cipó (município de Campina Grande) e em uma caatinga arbórea (município de Monteiro) no semiárido da Paraíba, Brasil. Foram plotadas 100 parcelas com dimensões de 10 m x 10 m em cada área. Dentro das parcelas, todos os indivíduos foram etiquetados e mensurados na circunferência da base do caule com auxílio de uma fita métrica e a altura total com auxílio de tubos de PVC graduados. A estrutura espacial das populações foi obtida pela coleta da coordenada geográfica de cada indivíduo em cada área e expressa por meio de mapas de distribuição espacial. Foram amostrados 39 espécimes em Campina Grande, apresentando área basal (AB) de 0,69 m2, densidade absoluta (DA) de 39 ind. ha-1, frequência absoluta (FA) de 32% e tendência ao agrupamento (IGA=1,01). Em Monteiro, foram amostrados 38 indivíduos, AB = 0,47 m2, DA = 38 ind. ha-1, FA = 29% e tendência ao agrupamento (IGA=1,11). Os indivíduos de C. jamacaru apresentam padrão de distribuição agrupado em ambas as caatingas secundárias, sendo que a população de Monteiro enfrenta problemas de recrutamento, o que poderá implicar no insucesso reprodutivo da população futura. A espécie apresenta padrão de distribuição similar a outras cactáceas colunares.
Reference Rot in the Repository: A Case Study of Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) in an Academic Library
Authors: Massicotte Mia , Botter Kathleen 
Published: April 2017

This study examines ETDs deposited during the period 2011-2015 in an institutional repository, to determine the degree to which the documents suffer from reference rot, that is, linkrot plus content drift. The authors converted and examined 664 doctoral dissertations in total, extracting 11,437 links, finding overall that 77% of links were active, and 23% exhibited linkrot. A stratified random sample of 49 ETDs was performed which produced 990 active links, which were then checked for content drift based on mementos found in the Wayback Machine. Mementos were found for 77% of links, and approximately half of these, 492 of 990, exhibited content drift. The results serve to emphasize not only the necessity of broader awareness of this problem, but also to stimulate action on the preservation front.
TV Whites Spaces in Public Libraries: A Primer
Authors: Rebmann Kristen Radsliff , Te Emmanuel Edward , Means Donald 
Published: April 2017

TV Whitespace (TVWS) represents one new wireless communication technology that has the potential to improve internet access and inclusion. This primer describes TVWS technology as a viable, long-term access solution for the benefit of public libraries and their communities, especially for underserved populations. Discussion focuses first on providing a brief overview of the digital divide and the emerging role of public libraries as internet access providers. Next, a basic description of TVWS and its features is provided, focusing on key aspects of the technology relevant to libraries as community anchor institutions. Several TVWS implementations are described with discussion of TVWS implementations in several public libraries. Finally, consideration is given to first steps that library organizations must take when contemplating new TVWS implementations supportive of Wi-Fi applications and crisis response planning.
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy for HIV in sub‐Saharan Africa and Asia: a comparative analysis of two regional cohorts
Authors: Bijker Rimke , Jiamsakul Awachana , Kityo Cissy , Kiertiburanakul Sasisopin , Siwale Margaret , Phanuphak Praphan , Akanmu Sulaimon , Chaiwarith Romanee , Wit Ferdinand W , Sim Benedict LH , Boender Tamara Sonia , Ditangco Rossana , Rinke De Wit Tobias F , Sohn Annette H , Hamers Raph L 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIntroduction: Our understanding of how to achieve optimal long‐term adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in settings where the burden of HIV disease is highest remains limited. We compared levels and determinants of adherence over time between HIV‐positive persons receiving ART who were enrolled in a bi‐regional cohort in sub‐Saharan Africa and Asia.Methods: This multicentre prospective study of adults starting first‐line ART assessed patient‐reported adherence at follow‐up clinic visits using a 30‐day visual analogue scale. Determinants of suboptimal adherence (<95%) were assessed for six‐month intervals, using generalized estimating equations multivariable logistic regression with multiple imputations. Region of residence (Africa vs. Asia) was assessed as a potential effect modifier.Results: Of 13,001 adherence assessments in 3934 participants during the first 24 months of ART, 6.4% (837) were suboptimal, with 7.3% (619/8484) in the African cohort versus 4.8% (218/4517) in the Asian cohort (p < 0.001). In the African cohort, determinants of suboptimal adherence were male sex (odds ratio (OR) 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.53; p = 0.009), younger age (OR 0.8 per 10 year increase; 0.8–0.9; p = 0.003), use of concomitant medication (OR 1.8, 1.0–3.2; p = 0.044) and attending a public facility (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1–1.7; p = 0.004). In the Asian cohort, adherence was higher in men who have sex with men (OR for suboptimal adherence 0.6, 95% CI 0.4–0.9; p = 0.029) and lower in injecting drug users (OR for suboptimal adherence 1.6, 95% CI 0.9–2.6; p = 0.075), compared to heterosexuals. Risk of suboptimal adherence decreased with longer ART duration in both regions. Participants in low‐ and lower‐middle‐income countries had a higher risk of suboptimal adherence (OR 1.6, 1.3–2.0; p < 0.001), compared to those in upper‐middle or high‐income countries. Suboptimal adherence was strongly associated with virological failure, in Africa (OR 5.8, 95% CI 4.3–7.7; p < 0.001) and Asia (OR 9.0, 95% CI 5.0–16.2; p < 0.001). Patient‐reported adherence barriers among African participants included scheduling demands, drug stockouts, forgetfulness, sickness or adverse events, stigma or depression, regimen complexity and pill burden.Conclusions: Psychosocial factors and health system resources may explain regional differences. Adherence‐enhancing interventions should address patient‐reported barriers tailored to local settings, prioritizing the first years of ART.
Effects of online group exercises for older adults on physical, psychological and social wellbeing: a randomized pilot trial
Authors: Baez Marcos , Khaghani Far Iman , Ibarra Francisco , Ferron Michela , Didino Daniele , Casati Fabio 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundIntervention programs to promote physical activity in older adults, either in group or home settings, have shown equivalent health outcomes but different results when considering adherence. Group-based interventions seem to achieve higher participation in the long-term. However, there are many factors that can make of group exercises a challenging setting for older adults. A major one, due to the heterogeneity of this particular population, is the difference in the level of skills. In this paper we report on the physical, psychological and social wellbeing outcomes of a technology-based intervention that enable online group exercises in older adults with different levels of skills.MethodsA total of 37 older adults between 65 and 87 years old followed a personalized exercise program based on the OTAGO program for fall prevention, for a period of eight weeks. Participants could join online group exercises using a tablet-based application. Participants were assigned either to the Control group, representing the traditional individual home-based training program, or the Social group, representing the online group exercising. Pre- and post- measurements were taken to analyze the physical, psychological and social wellbeing outcomes.ResultsAfter the eight-weeks training program there were improvements in both the Social and Control groups in terms of physical outcomes, given the high level of adherence of both groups. Considering the baseline measures, however, the results suggest that while in the Control group fitter individuals tended to adhere more to the training, this was not the case for the Social group, where the initial level had no effect on adherence. For psychological outcomes there were improvements on both groups, regardless of the application used. There was no significant difference between groups in social wellbeing outcomes, both groups seeing a decrease in loneliness despite the presence of social features in the Social group. However, online social interactions have shown to be correlated to the decrease in loneliness in the Social group.ConclusionThe results indicate that technology-supported online group-exercising which conceals individual differences in physical skills is effective in motivating and enabling individuals who are less fit to train as much as fitter individuals. This not only indicates the feasibility of training togetherdespitedifferences in physical skills but also suggests that online exercise might reduce the effect of skills on adherence in a social context. However, results from this pilot are limited to a small sample size and therefore are not conclusive. Longer term interventions with more participants are instead recommended to assess impacts on wellbeing and behavior change.