bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leisure-time physical activity and absenteeism
Authors: Kerner Ivana , Rakovac Marija , Lazinica Bruno 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Regular physical activity has a significant impact on health. There is scientific evidence for prescription of exercise in the treatment of at least 26 different chronic non-communicable diseases. Furthermore, it has an indirect role in the preservation of work capacity. The aim of this study was to review the published results of research on the relationship between leisure-time PA and absenteeism due to sickness. Medline database was searched using the keywords “leisuretime physical activity AND (sick leave OR sickness absence OR absenteeism)”. Fifteen studies were included in the final analysis. A negative correlation between leisure-time PA and absenteeism due to sickness in working population was determined in 11 studies. The results support the inclusion of PA promotion in the programmes intended to reduce absenteeism prevalence, the latter being an important public health issue.
Migration of Graduates Within a Sequential Decision Framework: Evidence from Poland
Authors: Herbst Mikołaj , Kaczmarczyk Paweł , Wójcik Piotr 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to identify the main drivers of highly skilled migration between regions. We argue that the spatial mobility of individuals should not be considered in terms of one-off displacements, but rather as a sequence of migration decisions within a certain time period. The important context of the research is provided by the economic transformation of Poland, accompanied by the growing demand for education, and the lack of well-established patterns of graduate mobility. By applying multinomial logit modelling on a unique database of Polish graduates, we find that all the tested migration strategies can be explained in terms of structural factors, human capital characteristics or aspirations/capabilities related variables.
Up or Down the Value Chain? A Comparative Analysis of the GVC Position of the Economies of the New EU Member States
Authors: Hagemejer Jan , Ghodsi Mahdi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe pattern of trade of the Central and Eastern European countries has been changing since the beginning of the economic transition in the early 1990s. By the end of the century this process was additionally strengthened by their integration with the European Union and overlapped with the development of global value chains (GVC) spanning across Europe with which the new member states (NMS) have become increasingly integrated.In this paper, we shed light on these changes by analysing the position of the NMS within the global value chains. We employ the upstreamness measure proposed by Antràs et al. (2012) and use the World Input–Output Database. Although we observe a global increasing trend in the upstreamness of all countries, we find that the NMS have in many cases gone against this trend while converging in their production structure within their group and with the EU-15. This convergence is mostly observed in Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia where the level of upstreamness in the most important exporting sectors was close to that of Germany by the end of the analysed period 1995−2011.
What Determines Export Performances in High‑tech Industries
Authors: Śledziewska Katarzyna , Akhvlediani Tinatin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe paper aims to identify the determinants of exports in high-technology sectors (high-tech, HT) of Visegrad countries (the Visegrad four, V4: Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary) and the core member states of the European Union (EU). Based on the augmented gravity model, we estimate the regressions on panel data of the bilateral export flows of the EU-15 and V4 with the rest of the world in 1999−2011, by employing the Poisson pseudo-maximum-likelihood (PPML) estimator. The comparison of the estimations of overall export flows with the estimates explicitly done for the high-tech sectors allows us to outline the main characteristics of the existing gap in high-tech export performances of the EU-15 and V4. Estimation results find that while for the EU-15, human capital accumulation is statistically significant and export flows increase with similarity in physical capital accumulation of the trade partner; for V4, instead of similarity, the difference in physical capital stock increases exports and human capital accumulation does not yield statistically significant effects.
Combining the DPG Method with Finite Elements
Authors: Führer Thomas , Heuer Norbert , Karkulik Michael , Rodríguez Rodolfo 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
We propose and analyze a discretization scheme that combines the discontinuous Petrov–Galerkin
and finite element methods. The underlying model problem is of general diffusion-advection-reaction
type on bounded domains, with decomposition into two sub-domains. We propose
a heterogeneous variational formulation that is of the ultra-weak (Petrov–Galerkin)
form with broken test space in one part, and of Bubnov–Galerkin form in the other.
A standard discretization with conforming approximation spaces and appropriate test spaces
(optimal test functions for the ultra-weak part and standard test functions for the Bubnov–Galerkin
part) gives rise to a coupled DPG-FEM scheme. We prove its well-posedness and quasi-optimal
convergence. Numerical results confirm expected convergence orders.
Nuts and Bolts of Oil and Temperature in Topical Preparations of Salicylic Acid
Authors: Ashara Kalpesh C. , Shah Ketan V. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackground:Traditional formulations of salicylic acid in ointment bases have disadvantages of being greasy and irritant due to free crystals.Aim:To explore the method for selection of oils and their ratio for topical preparation on the basis of equilibrium solubility study of salicylic acid and to evaluate temperature effect.Materials and methods:Scanning and calibration curve of salicylic acid in methanol were developed. Among available oils, those that had no interference of absorbance of salicylic acid were short-listed for screening purpose. Selections of oils were carried out on the basis of equilibrium solubility study. Compatibility study was made by Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy analysis. Primitive study of oil mixtures was done. Selections of the ratio of oils were carried out on basis of constrained simplex-centroid design.Results:Salicylic acid had shown linearity in the range of 15-65 μg/mL in methanol at wavelength maximum (300 nm). From the equilibrium solubility study, Parker Neem®Oil (11.81 ± 0.5 mg/g), Isopropyl Myristate (11.29 ± 0.04 mg/g), Mogra Oil (9.62 ± 0.94 mg/g) were selected. The study possessed the same main Fourier transform infra-red peaks of salicylic acid in the salicylic acid-oils physical mixture. 58.64% Parker Neem®oil and 41.36% isopropyl myristate mixture was selected as optimized batch with the desirability of 0.391.Conclusion:The oils mixture could be selected for topical preparation of salicylic acid like paste, cream, ointment etc.
Land subsidence inversion method application for salt mining-induced rock mass movement
Authors: Hejmanowski Ryszard , Malinowska Agnieszka A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe modeling of strains and deformations in salt mine areas encounters considerable difficulties because of the varying strength properties of salt, the complex morphological build of dome deposits and the rheological properties of salt. These properties have impacted the development of salt extraction for hundreds of years and the fact that the accurate determining of strains in a given specified moment and place are burdened with high uncertainty. Numerical modeling is useful when the model is reduced to one or several salt chambers. A broader range of underground post mining void considerably lowers the accuracy and efficiency of the calculations of such models. Stochastic models allow for a 3D modeling of the entire mining complex deposit, provided the model has been parametrized in detail. The methods of strains and deformations modeling were presented on the example of one of the biggest salt mines in Europe, where a volume of over 21 million m3 of salt was extracted. The stochastic model could be parametrized thanks to the documented results of measurements of convergence of the underground mining panels and leveling on the surface. The use of land subsidence inversion in the least squares method allowed for estimating the optimum values of parameters of the model. Ground deformation modeling was performed using the two-parameter time function, which allows for a simulation to be carried out in time. In the simulation, the convergence of underground excavations and the transition in time the effects of convergence into ground subsidence was taken into account. The detailed analysis of the geological conditions lead to modeling deviation of the subsidence trough. The accuracy of the modeling results was qualitatively and quantitatively confirmed by a comparison of the modeled to measured values of the vertical ground movement. The scaled model can be applied in future mining extraction projects in order to predict the strains and deformations for an arbitrary moment in time.
Methodology of assignment of Mineral Deposits of Public Importance proposed by MINATURA2020 Project and results of its pilot testing in the Dolnośląskie Province (SW Poland)
Authors: Kot-Niewiadomska Alicja , Galos Krzysztof , Lewicka Ewa , Burkowicz Anna , Kamyk Jarosław , Szlugaj Jarosław 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMINATUR A2020 project’s aim is to develop a concept and multi-dimensional methodology of assignment and - in a consequence - of safeguarding the Mineral Deposits of Public Importance (MDoPI) at European (EU), country (CL ) and regional/local level (RL ), in order to ensure their optimal use for future needs of the society. MDoPI assignment methodology proposed within MINATUR A2020 project, was tested within a few EU regions, including Dolnośląskie Province in Poland, where undeveloped deposits were verified. Initially, deposits of 4 selected groups of minerals were tested: magmatic and metamorphic crushed and dimension stone (144 deposits), feldspar raw materials (6 deposits), kaolin (11 deposits), and glass sand (7 deposits). In the following step, the deposits of the highest or medium class of geological features were chosen, i.e. 73 mineral deposits with indicated and/or measured resources, including: 50 deposits of magmatic and metamorphic crushed and dimension stone, 6 deposits of feldspar raw materials, 10 deposits of kaolin and 7 deposits of glass sand. Finally, according to assumed MDoPI methodology, 10 of 50 tested deposits of crushed and dimension stone were qualified as MDoPI-CL , while another 20 deposits as MDoPI-RL , 5 of 6 deposits of feldspar raw materials were ranked as MDoPI-CL , while 1 deposit as MDoPI-RL, 2 of 10 kaolin deposits were categorised as MDoPI-CL , while the remaining 8 deposits MDoPI-RL , and all of 7 tested deposits of glass sand were qualified as MDoPI-RL . In total, from among 73 verified deposits, 17 deposits were proposed as MDoPI-CL , whereas 36 deposits were qualified as potential MDoPI-RL . On the basis of performed testing, it can be concluded that the main strength of proposed methodology is the possibility to use multi-criterion methodology containing a number of geological-mining, environmental and spatial factors, giving possibility to categorization of deposits according to their economic importance (EU, country and regional level) for their further safeguarding. Moreover, if legal system of mineral deposits safeguarding is efficiently introduced in Poland, this methodology will be a useful tool for selecting the most valuable mineral deposits that should be protected.
UrhWissG – das neue Wissenschaftsurheberrecht bleibt regulierungstechnisch überspezifisch problematisch
Authors: Kuhlen Rainer 
Published: September 2017

ZusammenfassungDas am 30. Juni 2017 im Bundestag beschlossene sogenannte Urheberrechts-Wissensgesellschafts-Gesetz (UrhWissG) wird aus der Perspektive von Bildung und Wissenschaft diskutiert. UrhWissG ist eine Reaktion auf die offensichtlichen Probleme mit den bestehenden, auf Bildung und Wissenschaft bezogenen Bestimmungen des Urheberrechts. Auf diese Probleme wird in Abschnitt 2 eingegangen. Die vorgesehenen neuen Schrankenregelungen werden im Detail vorgestellt (Abschnitt 3) und kritisch (ablehnend und konstruktiv weiterführend) diskutiert (Abschnitt 4). UrhWissG wird zu einigen Verbesserung für die Nutzung publizierten Wissens führen und allgemein für Rechtssicherheit sorgen. Der Vorrang von Schrankenregelungen gegenüber Lizenzangeboten der Verlagswirtschaft und die Pauschalvergütung für die schrankenbedingte Nutzung von Werken bzw. Teilen von ihnen sind im Gesetz festgeschrieben. Dennoch bleibt die von der Koalition an sich versprochene Allgemeine Bildungs- und Wissenschaftsschranke (ABWS) in Form einer generellen Klausel weiter eine Herausforderung für die politische Regulierung. Offenbar war die Zeit für eine umfassendere Reform des Wissenschaftsurheberrechts noch nicht gekommen. (Abschnitt 5). In der abschließenden Gesamtbewertung (Abschnitt 6) wird davor gewarnt, das nun beschlossene Wissenschaftsurheberrecht erst einmal als befriedet einschätzen, so dass es auf längere Zeit nicht mehr auf die politische Agenda kommen müssen. Es bleibt abzuwarten, ob durch die (derzeit weiter noch intensiv diskutierte) Vorgabe einer Urheberrechts-Richtlinie der EU ein Umsetzungszwang in den EU-Mitgliedsländern entsteht, dem sich auch Deutschland nicht entziehen kann. Der Fokus richtet sich jetzt auf die EU. Im Anhang (Abschnitt 7 und 8) werden die Texte der acht neuen Schrankenregelungen sowie die Änderungen mit Blick auf die Nationalbibliothek aufgeführt.
Zusammenführung mehrerer Thesauri zu einem gemeinsamen Begriffssystem
Authors: Dunckel Pea 
Published: September 2017

ZusammenfassungIm Zeitalter der digitalen Vernetzung und im Zuge zunehmend interdisziplinärer und internationaler Forschungsbestrebungen gewinnt die Interoperabilität von Informationssystemen stärker an Bedeutung. Ein wichtiger Schritt, um diese Interoperabilität zu erreichen und einen zentralen Zugang zu verteilten Systemen zu ermöglichen, liegt in der Zusammenführung der jeweiligen Erschließungsinstrumente der Informationssysteme. Eine Integration der verschiedenen kontrollierten Vokabulare erlaubt einen Datenaustausch zwischen den diversen Informationssystemen. Außerdem ermöglicht und vereinfacht sie eine systemübergreifende Recherche über mehrere Datenbanken, ohne dass eine Suchanfrage mehrmals formuliert oder umformuliert werden muss. Es existieren unterschiedliche Methoden und Instrumente sowie Strukturmodelle, mit denen eine Thesaurusintegration durchgeführt werden kann. Die am weitesten verbreitete Methode, das Mapping, ist sogar als ISO-Norm formuliert. Bei einer Thesauruszusammenführung können diverse Probleme auftreten. Jedoch gibt es Lösungsansätze, mit denen den Herausforderungen begegnet werden kann.
The Difference Principle, Capitalism, and Property-Owning Democracy
Authors: Lister Andrew 
Published: September 2017

AbstractJason Brennan and John Tomasi have argued that if we focus on income alone, the Difference Principle supports welfare-state capitalism over property-owning democracy, because capitalism maximizes long run income growth for the worst off. If so, the defense of property-owning democracy rests on the priority of equal opportunity for political influence and social advancement over raising the income of the worst off, or on integrating workplace control into the Difference Principle’s index of advantage. The thesis of this paper is that even based on income alone, the Difference Principle is not as hostile to property-owning democracy as it may seem, because the Difference Principle should not be interpreted to require maximizinglong runincome growth. The main idea is that it is unfair to make the present worst off accept inequality that doesn’t benefit them, for the sake of benefitting the future worst off, if the future worst off will be better off than they are anyway.
Sosnowsky’s hogweed – current environmental problem
Authors: Chmielewski Jarosław , Pobereżny Jarosław , Florek-Łuszczki Magdalena , Żeber-Dzikowska Ilona , Szpringer Monika 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Sosnowsky’s hogweed was brought to Poland as a silage plant for cattle in the mid-20th century from the Caucasus. It was grown mainly in National Farms. However, the hogweed quickly spread across the natural environment. It is a highly invasive plant and possesses strong burning qualities. Every year many people suffer from its burns. The hogweed is also dangerous for animals. Being an invasive species, it displaces natural plant species of the native flora. It can threaten the flora and landscape of a particular area. The aim of the article is to present the problem including the frequency of occurrence of Sosnowsky’s hogweed in Poland, to show the negative effects for human health and the methods to fight it in its habitat.
3D Quasi-Static Strengths and Elastic Constants of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composite Extracted From a Wind Turbine Blade
Authors: Kotik H. G. , Perez Ipiña J. E. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Quasi-static strengths and elastic constants were measured in three dimensions (3D) for a glass fiber reinforced polyester. The sample was extracted from a block of material discarded during the construction of a wind turbine blade. The properties were evaluated in tension, compression, and shear stress employing guidelines of ASTM standards when possible. In-plane results were compared to in-plane coupons. Instead, the measured out-of-plane properties were compared with similar materials taken from the literature. The elastic orthotropic model was verified comparing the symmetric coefficients of the compliance matrix. These coefficients did not show large differences in tension, whereas differences were large in compression and shear. The resulting in-plane strengths were smaller than in coupons.
Using Linkage Maps as a Tool To Determine Patterns of Chromosome Synteny in the Genus Salvelinus
Authors: Hale Matthew C , McKinney Garrett J , Bell Courtney L , Nichols Krista M 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Next generation sequencing techniques have revolutionized the collection of genome and transcriptome data from nonmodel organisms. This manuscript details the application of restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) to generate a marker-dense genetic map for Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). The consensus map was constructed from three full-sib families totaling 176 F1 individuals. The map consisted of 42 linkage groups with a total female map size of 2502.5 cM, and a total male map size of 1863.8 cM. Synteny was confirmed with Atlantic Salmon for 38 linkage groups, with Rainbow Trout for 37 linkage groups, Arctic Char for 36 linkage groups, and with a previously published Brook Trout linkage map for 39 linkage groups. Comparative mapping confirmed the presence of 8 metacentric and 34 acrocentric chromosomes in Brook Trout. Six metacentric chromosomes seem to be conserved with Arctic Char suggesting there have been at least two species-specific fusion and fission events within the genus Salvelinus. In addition, the sex marker (sdY; sexually dimorphic on the Y chromosome) was mapped to Brook Trout BC35, which is homologous with Atlantic Salmon Ssa09qa, Rainbow Trout Omy25, and Arctic Char AC04q. Ultimately, this linkage map will be a useful resource for studies on the genome organization of Salvelinus, and facilitates comparisons of the Salvelinus genome with Salmo and Oncorhynchus.
Experimental study action autostrains Aerococcus viridans on the model Pseudomonas infection
Authors: Stepanskyi D. O. , Kremenchutskyi G. M. , Koshova I. P. 
Published: September 2017

The paper presents the results of a study of the action of Aerococcus autostrains on the model of a chronic blue pus infection. For the study of the action of Aerococcus autosymbiont strains on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, three of the most biochemically and antagonistically active isolates were selected: 1) 5m2015 (isolated from mice); 2) 3k2015 (isolated from rats); 3) 3ch2015 (isolated from humans). Experiments were conducted on 84 white outbred mice weighing 16–17 g, 60 were used as the experimental, and 24 as the control group. In the experimental group of animals, infected wounds were treated by Aerococcus autosymbiont strains once daily (0.2 billion ml–1) till recovery. The drug was administered under the eschar with a syringe. In the control animals the wound was treated by isotonic sodium chloride solution (concentration 0.9%) with the same route of administration and for the same period of time. It was found that from the very first days of application of Aerococci autosymbiont strains, perifocal inflammation was less severe in most animals in the research group compared with the control group. Starting from the fourth day of usage of Aerococcus autosymbiont strains the number of pseudomonades, contained in secretions from wounds in the experimental group of mice was significantly lower than in the control animals. It was revealed that in case of application of Aerococcus strain (5m2015) isolated from mice, the animals had better indicators of recovery, dynamics of local clinical signs of inflammation and the number of pseudomonades contained in the wound in comparison with other Aerococcus autostrains isolated from rats and humans. The wounds purified from pus and covered with dry eschar faster. For example, wounds completely healed with dry eschar rejection by the 11th day of observation in 44 of 58 surviving mice (75.9%). In the control group a similar pattern was observed in only 3 of 17 mice (17.6%) by the that period. The number of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (equivalent to 1 ml of secretions wounds), expressed in logarithms, was 5.00 ± 0.16 on average on the 4th day in the treated mice, while the control group had the same amount of pseudomonades detected in the wounds (lg 5.22 ± 0.38; lg 5.12 ± 0.30) only on the 13–14th days of observation. We found different activity of strains, depending on the origin of microorganism and type host. Aerococcus viridians autosymbionts showed higher rates in the study of their activity in terms of the blue pus infection model in the treatment of the host and lower activity in treatment.of other species. The obtained data may warrant further study of application of Aerococcus autostrains for treatment and prevention of wound infection caused by pseudomonades.