bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ruzigrass Grown in Rotation with Soybean Increases Soil Labile Phosphorus
Authors: Almeida Danilo S. , Rosolem Ciro A. 
Published: October 2016

Crop rotations with species able to solubilize soil P can result in improved P availability for subsequent crops. Ruzigrass [Urochloa ruziziensis (R. Germ. and C.M. Evrard)] has been shown to increase soil available P, but there are few studies on its effect on soil P forms and how growing ruzigrass interacts with P fertilization, which is important in defining fertilization strategies. This study aimed to investigate soil P fractions resulting from cropping ruzigrass in rotation with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] fertilized with broadcast triple superphosphate (TSP) or reactive rock phosphate (RRP) and TSP applied to soybean furrows under no‐till. Soil samples were taken after ruzigrass desiccation and before soybean planting from long‐term experimental plots in Botucatu, in southeastern Brazil. Phosphate management included RRP and TSP broadcast on the soil surface, and TSP applied to soybean furrows, in the presence or absence of ruzigrass. Broadcast TSP increased labile (anion exchange resin‐extractable P) and moderately labile P fractions extracted with 0.1 M NaOH, whereas RRP increased moderately labile P extracted with HCl. There was no interaction between phosphate management configurations. Regardless of phosphate management, the presence of ruzigrass resulted in a lower residual‐P concentration in deeper soil layers and higher concentrations of labile and moderately labile P in the uppermost soil layers. Ruzigrass introduction into the cropping system resulted in higher soil labile P content compared with fallow, probably because it can take up moderately labile soil P fractions that are recycled into the system, regardless of the P fertilization strategy.Core Ideas

Ruzigrass grown in soybean off‐season affects soil fertility.
Soil P cycling by ruzigrass may result in benefits to next crops.
Agronomic efficiency of phosphate fertilizers may be improved by ruzigrass.
Evaluation of Trinexapac‐Ethyl and Nitrogen Management to Minimize Lodging in Rice
Authors: Corbin Jennifer L. , Walker Timothy W. , Orlowski John M. , Krutz L. Jason , Gore Jeffrey , Cox Michael S. , Golden Bobby R. 
Published: October 2016

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important crop in the midsouthern United States. However, some high‐yielding cultivars are highly susceptible to lodging. The plant growth regulator, trinexapac‐ethyl (TE), has been shown to decrease lodging in upland cereal crops, but data are scarce that demonstrate rice response to TE. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of TE on rice plant height, lodging, and grain yield. Experiments were established at multiple locations during the 2012 and 2013 growing seasons in Mississippi. Trinexapac‐ethyl was applied to a lodging‐susceptible rice cultivar at 12, 24, and 48 g a.i. ha−1 at two timings: panicle differentiation (R1) and R1 + 14 d. Rice response to TE was determined for rice that received 100% of N applied at V3 and rice that received a two‐way split N strategy (75% N at V3 and 25% at R1). On both clay and silt‐loam soils all rates of TE reduced plant height and lodging compared to nontreated rice. The effect of TE on rice grain yield was variable. On silt‐loam soils 12 g a.i. ha−1 TE resulted in rice grain yield similar to nontreated rice when applied at R1, but decreased grain yield when applied to rice at R1+ 14 d. The 48 kg a.i. ha−1 rate decreased rice grain yield on both soil textures. The results of this study indicate that trinexapac‐ethyl may be a useful tool to manage lodging, but further research is needed refine TE use guidelines in rice.

Trinexapac‐ethyl decreased rice plant height and lodging on both clay and silt loam soils.
Trinexapac‐ethyl at 12 g a.i. ha−1 did not decrease grain yield when applied at panicle differentiation on silt loam soils.
Grain yield response to trinexapac‐ethyl varied by soil texture and N management strategy.
Augmented Row–Column Designs for a Small Number of Checks
Authors: Piepho Hans‐Peter , Williams Emlyn R. 
Published: October 2016

Augmented designs allow the testing of a large number of unreplicated entries. Replication of interspersed check cultivars according to a blocked design allows estimation of an error variance as well as local control for unreplicated entries. The most commonly used augmented designs use one‐way blocking, but extensions have been suggested using blocking in rows and columns. We propose a flexible strategy to generate such designs, which is particularly suitable when the number of check cultivars is small. A salient feature of the approach is a grouping of adjacent rows and columns and the imposition of an additional blocking unit formed by the intersection of row and column groups. These superimposed blocking structures cater for an even distribution of replications for checks across the experimental field. We provide SAS code using the OPTEX procedure to generate such designs and discuss three examples illustrating the flexibility of the approach.Core Ideas

For augmented designs, the number of unreplicated entries and blocking unit dimensions needs flexibility.
Blocking in rows and columns is desirable for local error control.
Super‐blocks can be defined based on groups of adjacent rows and columns.
Units formed by the intersection of row and column groups can be a further blocking unit.
These blocking units provide a convenient mechanism to distribute replications of check cultivars.
Soil Salinity: A Threat to Global Food Security
Authors: Butcher Kirsten , Wick Abbey F. , DeSutter Thomas , Chatterjee Amitava , Harmon Jason 
Published: October 2016

Soil salinity is a global issue threatening land productivity, and estimates predict that 50% of all arable land will become impacted by salinity by 2050. Consequently, it is important to have a fundamental understanding of crop response to salinity to minimize economic loss and improve food security. While an immense amount of research has been performed assessing corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] response to salinity, there are few, if any, comprehensive reviews compiling previously published literature. This review provides a detailed description of our current knowledge on the impacts of salinity on corn and soybean growth and development. Both osmotic stress and specific ion toxicities with respect to corn and soybean are addressed. Additionally, potential areas of future research are recommended.Core Ideas

Review of salinity's effects on corn and soybean growth and development.
Impacts of osmotic stress and specific ion toxicities discussed.
Potential areas of future research addressed.
Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Open‐Lot Cattle Feedyards: A Review
Authors: Waldrip Heidi M. , Todd Richard W. , Parker David B. , Cole N. Andy , Rotz C. Alan , Casey Kenneth D. 
Published: October 2016

Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from concentrated animal feeding operations, including cattle feedyards, have become an important research topic. However, there are limitations to current measurement techniques, uncertainty in the magnitude of feedyard N2O fluxes, and a lack of effective mitigation methods. The objective of this review was to assess N2O emission from cattle feedyards, including comparison of measured and modeled emission rates, discussion of measurement methods, and evaluation of mitigation options. Published annual per capita flux rates for beef cattle feedyards and open‐lot dairies were highly variable and ranged from 0.002 to 4.3 kg N2O animal−1 yr−1. On an area basis, published emission rates ranged from 0 to 41 mg N2O m−2 h−1. From these studies and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emission factors, calculated daily per capita N2O fluxes averaged 18 ± 10 g N2O animal−1 d−1 (range, 0.04–67 g N2O animal−1 d−1). This variation was due to inconsistency in measurement techniques as well as irregularity in N2O production and emission attributable to management, animal diet, and environmental conditions. Based on this review, it is clear that the magnitude and dynamics of N2O emissions from open‐lot cattle systems are not well understood. Further research is required to quantify feedyard N2O fluxes and develop cost‐effective mitigation methods.Core Ideas
The magnitude of published N2O fluxes from open‐lot cattle systems was highly variable.
N2O fluxes varied with measurement methods, management, and environmental conditions.
Methods to mitigate feedyard N2O emissions are available but have yet to be thoroughly evaluated.
Improved animal performance and reducing N intake are best options to reduce feedyard N2O losses.
Якість життя в пацієнтів із хронічними больовими синдромами попереково-крижової локалізації
Authors: Romanenko V.I. 
Published: October 2016

Мета дослідження. Вивчити якість життя, особливості обмеження функції та якості сну в пацієнтів із хронічними больовими синдромами попереково-крижової локалізації відповідно до груп за Класифікацією захворювань хребта Квебекської спеціальної комісії (КЗХКСК). Матеріали і методи. Обстежено 103 пацієнти з хронічним вертеброгенним попереково-крижовим больовим синдромом (ХВПКБС) та 30 практично здорових випробуваних. За результатами клініко-неврологічного обстеження всі пацієнти були розподілені на групи, які відповідали першим чотирьом групам КЗХКСК. З метою дослідження якості життя, обмеження функції та якості сну застосовували: опитувальник якості життя EuroQol-5D, опитувальник якості сну Центру сомнології та опитувальник Освестрі. Результати. У групі пацієнтів із ХВПКБС показник якості життя був вірогідно меншим (5 (4; 6) балів із 10 максимально можливих), ніж у контрольній групі (9 (8; 10) балів). Середній ступінь обмеження функції за опитувальником Освестрі в групі пацієнтів дорівнював 30,50 ± 13,55 %. Розлади сну мали місце в 100 % досліджуваних, а середній бал за цим показником у групі пацієнтів становив 20 (18; 22). У групі пацієнтів IV (класична радикулопатія) спостерігались найнижчі показники якості життя (4 (3; 5)) та якості сну (18 (17; 20,5)) і найвищі показники ступеня обмеження функції за опитувальником Освестрі (36,63 ± 14,45). Висновки. У пацієнтів із ХВПКБС виявлено зниження рівня окремих компонентів і загальної оцінки якості життя, а також ступеня обмеження функції за опитувальником Освестрі. Усі пацієнти мали розлади сну різного ступеня вираженості. Група пацієнтів IV за КЗХКСК характеризувалась найнижчою якістю життя та сну, а також найбільшим ступенем обмеження функції за опитувальником Освестрі порівняно з іншими групами.
Enrolling Heterogeneous Partners in Video Game Preservation
Authors: Bettivia Rhiannon 
Published: October 2016

This article extends previous work known as Preserving Virtual Worlds II (PVWII), funded through a grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services. The author draws on interview data collected from video game developers, content analysis of several long-running video game series, as well as the projectâ€™s advisory board and researcher reports. This paper exposes two fundamental challenges in creating metrics and specifications for the preservation of virtual worlds; namely, that there is no one type of user or designated video game stakeholder community, and that significant properties of games cannot always be located in code or platform. The PVWII data serve to explain why existing ideas about preservation of video games are inadequate when games are treated as digital cultural heritage. Preservation specialists need to bind nebulous and dynamic digital objects, a process that is necessary while inherently artificial.Â Â
Recognizing the Diversity of Contributions: A Case Study for Framing Attribution and Acknowledgement for Scientific Data
Authors: Hou Chung-Yi , Mayernik Matthew 
Published: October 2016

As scientific data volumes, format types, and sources increase rapidly with the invention and improvement of scientific capabilities, the resulting datasets are becoming more complex to manage as well. One of the significant management challenges is pulling apart the individual contributions of specific people and organizations within large, complex projects. This is important for two aspects: 1) assigning responsibility and accountability for scientific work, and 2) giving professional credit to individuals (e.g. hiring, promotion, and tenure) who work within such large projects. This paper aims to review the extant practice of data attribution and how it may be improved. Through a case study of creating a detailed attribution record for a climate model dataset, the paper evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the current data attribution method and proposes an alternative attribution framework accordingly. The paper concludes by demonstrating that, analogous to acknowledging the different roles and responsibilities shown in movie credits, the methodology developed in the study could be used in general to identify and map out the relationships among the organizations and individuals who had contributed to a dataset.Â As a result, the framework could be applied to create data attribution for other dataset types beyond climate model datasets.Â Â
Deserción/permanencia escolar: comprensiones vinculares entre la educación superior y la educación preliminar
Authors: Valdés Henao Carolina , Peláez Alarcón Rodrigo 
Published: October 2016

La deserción/permanencia en la Universidad se constituye en un dilema que pretende comprenderse en este artículo. El ejercicio produce una reflexión desde este problema; está fundamentado en una hipótesis representada en que la decisión de permanecer o de abandonar la universidad, casi siempre significa un proceso concurrente a través del tiempo, es decir, que se ha ido gestando desde la educación que le es preliminar -la casa, la escuela, el colegio- y no una situación emergida al final, en un punto dado de la historia estudiantil. Por ello, se genera un análisis desde diferentes puntos de vista, que permitirá identificar la confluencia de factores desde procesos educativos previos en la determinación final de irse o quedarse en la educación superior, razones que justifican una mirada poliscópica del fenómeno, que se identifica en un proceso que además de verse reflexivo, se aprecia multidisciplinar.
Tibial plateau levelling osteotomy in eleven cats with cranial cruciate ligament rupture
Authors: Bielecki Malgorzata , Scharvogel Stefan , Meiler Diane , Mindner Julia 
Published: October 2016

SummaryObjective: To report the surgical procedure, intra- and postoperative complications, and short-term follow-up of tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) in feline patients with cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture using a 2.0 or 2.4 mm Synthes® TPLO plate.Study design: Prospective study.Material and methods: Eleven cats with a CrCL rupture were included in the study. Inspection of intra-articular structures was carried out via arthroscopy or arthrotomy. Each patient was re-examined one and 10 days after surgery. Orthopaedic examination and follow-up radiographs were obtained four to 12 weeks postoperatively.Results: Two meniscopathies and one partial CrCL rupture were detected. Minor intra- operative complications occurred in five cats (suboptimal positioning of the plate [n = 3], proximal fibular fracture [n = 1], a visible osteotomy gap [n = 1]). Postoperatively, minor complications were detected in three cats (mild patellar desmitis [n = 2], superficial wound infection [n = 1]). No additional surgical reintervention, graded as major complication, was necessary. Four to eight weeks postoperatively, all cats showed no to mild intermittent lameness. Complete bone union was apparent within four to 12 weeks. Owners reported a high level of comfort and mobility during the last follow-up.Conclusion: The preliminary results of this study support the use of TPLO in cats, but larger case numbers are needed to evaluate its practicability, as well as long-term outcome (>1 year), especially evaluating the development and the clinical relevance of osteoarthritis.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.3415/VCOT-15-11-0184.
Pullout strength of monocortical and bicortical screws in meta -physeal and diaphyseal regions of the canine humerus
Authors: Alan Syrcle Jason , Ball John , Elder Steven , Michele Gambino Jennifer , Griffin Russell , McLaughlin Ronald , Paul Vaughn Denty 
Published: October 2016

Summary
Objective: Monocortical screws are commonly employed in locking plate fixation, but specific recommendations for their placement are lacking and use of short monocortical screws in metaphyseal bone may be contra indicated. Objectives of this study were to evaluate axial pullout strength of two different lengths of monocortical screws placed in various regions of the canine humerus compared to bicortical screws, and to derive cortical thickness and bone density values for those regions using quantitative computed tomography analysis (QCT).
Methods: The QCT analysis was performed on 36 cadaveric canine humeri for six regions of interest (ROI). A bicortical, short monocortical, or 50% transcortical 3.5 mm screw was implanted in each ROI and axial pullout testing was performed.
Results: Bicortical screws were stronger than monocortical screws in all ROI except the lateral epicondylar crest. Short monocortical metaphyseal screws were weaker than those placed in other regions. The 50% transcortical screws were stronger than the short monocortical screws in the condyle. A linear relationship between screw length and pull-out strength was observed.
Clinical significance: Cortical thickness and bone density measurements were obtained from multiple regions of the canine humerus using QCT. Use of short monocortical screws may contribute to failure of locking plate fixation of humeral fractures, especially when placed in the condyle. When bicortical screw placement is not possible, maximizing monocortical screw length may optimize fixation stability for distal humeral fractures.
Ashley, l’enfant Bonsaï. Inhibition de la croissance d’enfants très sévèrement handicapés : une réalité ou un fantasme ?
Authors: Ouss Lisa 
Published: October 2016

En 2006, l’histoire d’Ashley, enfant polyhandicapée sévère chez qui les médecins, sur la demande des parents, et après avis du comité d’éthique de l’hôpital aux États-Unis, avaient proposé un traitement inhibiteur de la croissance ainsi qu’une hystérectomie, appendicectomie et mammectomie « préventifs », avait soulevé bien des questions et passions. À distance, cet article reprend quelques-unes des questions posées par le traitement dit « d’Ashley ». Apres un rappel des faits, la présentation d’un cas similaire et des résultats d’une enquête auprès des endocrinologues, il apparaît que cette situation est loin d’être isolée. Ce qui frappe dans la lecture des articles est la quasi-absence des psychiatres et psychologues qui, pas plus que les autres, ne peuvent répondre seuls à ces questions, mais peuvent permettre de les poser autrement. Il est fondamental d’introduire dans la réflexion la dimension de la détresse des parents et des professionnels, la difficulté à évaluer certaines dimensions du développement et du psychisme des enfants gravement handicapés, d’aborder l’effroi suscité par cette histoire, la violence de la sexualisation du corps transformé, autant de dimensions fantasmatiques dont l’oubli biaise le débat. Cette situation nous invite à une pluridisciplinarité rigoureuse et ouverte.
De la petite enfance à la période de latence : une transition complexe pour l’enfant handicapé et sa famille
Authors: Dayan Clémence 
Published: October 2016

Psychologue clinicienne en camsp , nous travaillons auprès d’enfants en situation de handicap âgés de 0 à 6 ans. Nous avons repéré un moment particulièrement sensible dans la vie des enfants et de leur famille : il s’agit de la période où se réfléchit l’orientation post camsp , aux alentours de 5 à 6 ans. De manière générale, à cet âge, l’enfant vit de nombreux changements, mais ceux-ci se trouvent nettement compliqués par le handicap : l’orientation pose en effet avec force la question des limites de l’enfant handicapé, notamment en termes de niveau cognitif et de difficultés d’apprentissage. Pour la famille, ressurgit tout ce qui a été vécu lors de la révélation du handicap de l’enfant : le traumatisme se réactualise et l’énigme de son futur survient comme une interrogation angoissante. L’enfant handicapé, lui, se confronte à la question fondamentale de son identité : en quoi est-il semblable et différent des autres ? La clinique montre qu’il se trouve à ce moment-là souvent en difficulté pour se situer à l’égard de ses pairs, entre vulnérabilité, expérience des moqueries et mises à l’écart de par sa fragilité, et agressivité, appréhension du pouvoir qu’il peut avoir sur l’autre. Vis-à-vis de ses parents, il doit négocier une autonomisation qui ne va pas de soi puisqu’il est toujours celui qu’il faut, et faudra, protéger. Cet article tentera d’apporter, à partir d’un cas clinique, quelques pistes de réflexion sur cette transition essentielle dans la vie des enfants, et ouvrira sur des propositions d’axes de travail pour mieux accompagner les familles dans ce contexte.
Le plus bel âge de la vie
Authors: Bessot Pom , Lefait Philippe 
Published: October 2016

Un adulte est toujours l’enfant de ses parents. Assurer les prises en charge d’une jeune femme de 20 ans en situation de handicap rare est une gageure dans un pays où rien, malgré la loi, ne semble possible hors la bonne assignation. Âge symbolique, amour filial, recherche fatigante de la bonne porte d’entrée dans la société. Et rien n’est encore dit des facéties et des nécessités de la vie. Encore moins des mille façons d’y entrer, de la penser ou de la réussir. Résumons-nous : Lou a 20 ans. Et après ?
Le tramway et la formation des Comités d’intérêt de quartier à Marseille
Authors: Kokubu Hisao 
Published: October 2016

Dans les villes de province en France, les tramways ont joué le premier rôle dans le transport public urbain de la fin du XIX e siècle aux années 1930. Au cours de ces processus d’urbanisation, des associations d’habitants, les Comités d’Intérêt de Quartier (CIQ), se sont formés à Marseille comme à Lyon. La création de lignes de tramways en banlieue était l’une des principales revendications des associations de quartiers. Les CIQ suburbains et de banlieues arrivèrent même à former des fédérations, qui étaient destinées à avoir plus d’influence sur les municipalités du moment. Pourtant, comme les CIQ faisaient prévaloir essentiellement les intérêts de leurs quartiers, les associations d’habitants représentaient une expression de pratiques politiques au niveau des quartiers, englobant en leur sein des intérêts particuliers.