bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep environment of preschool children effects on children's sleep disorder and parents’ mental health
Authors: Lee S. , Ji-Hye H. , Duk-Soo M. , Soyoung Y. , Boram P. , Seockhoon C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIn Korean culture, co-sleeping of parents and children are quite common, which is different from the Western culture where solitary sleeping of children is preferred. In this study, we evaluate the sleep environment factors that effect on children sleep disorder, and parent's parenting stress and mental health.MethodsSurveys were conducted to 115 participating parents of preschool children sleeping behaviour lecture. Seventy-one completed surveys were analyzed for the study. The mean age of target children was 53 ± 23 months. Parents’ mental health was evaluated by using several forms such as Insomnia Severity Index, Korean-Parenting Stress Index short form, and The Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Children's sleeping environment and quality were assessed by Child Sleep Habit Questionnaire and Sleep environment survey.ResultsPearson correlation analysis (P < 0.05) was conducted to evaluate the relationship between the sleep disorder of children, and the parent's parenting stress and mental health. Analyzing the data through the partial least square path modeling, co-sharing would have negative effect; bed-sharing could have negative effect on the depressing emotion of parents (P = 0.065). Solitary sleeping of children could have positive effect on parent's mental health (P < 0.01).ConclusionPreschool children's sleeping disorder occurs more often in co-sleeping children with parents than solitary sleeping children. Parents’ parenting stress is related to the parent's age and depression, further related to the children sleeping disorder and their sleep environment. Although, it is difficult to generalize the exact cause, evaluation and improvement of children's sleep environment would help to reduce the parent's parenting stress.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Sleep duration and suicidal behavior: A systematic review
Authors: Pereira T. , Martins S. , Fernandes L. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSuicide is a serious public health problem, being the second leading cause of death among 15–29-year-olds. Many risk factors have been associated with suicidal behavior, such as psychiatric disorders, family history of suicide, loss of a close friend/relative, physical/sexual abuse, lack of support network, or sleep disturbances where nightmares and insomnia have been consistently reported to increase the risk of suicidal behaviors.ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review to examine the association between short sleep duration and suicidal behaviour (suicide ideation/attempt/suicide).MethodsThis is a systematic review of published research articles in the electronic database PubMed in the last 10 years. The query “sleep” or “sleep disorders” and “suicide” was used. Studies that assessed the relation between sleep duration and suicidal behaviour, with a well-defined index for sleep disorders and with an outcome measure of suicidal behavior were included.ResultsOf the 522 references founded, 33 articles met the inclusion criteria (1 review, 1 qualitative and 31 quantitative studies). An association between short sleep duration and suicidal behaviour was found in most of the studies with children/adolescents and adult samples. However, this relation was not verified in the research into the elderly.ConclusionThe results point to a significant association between short sleep time and the presence of suicidal behaviours, for both adults and children/adolescents. The effect of short sleep duration seems to be more consistent with suicidal ideation, but not for attempts, needing further studies to highlight the importance of this link between sleep duration and suicide.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Eating Disorders and Sexuality: A Complex Relationship
Authors: Ricca V. , Castellini G. , Lelli L. , Rotella F. , Monteleone A.M. , Maggi M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe relationships between Eating Disorders (EDs) and sexuality are complex, and of interest for researchers and clinicians.ObjectiveTo identify psychopathological and clinical factors associated with restoration of regular menses and sexual function in EDs patients.AimsTo evaluate the role of sexuality as a moderator of the recovery process after an individual Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT).Methods39 Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and 40 Bulimia Nervosa (BN) female patients were evaluated by means of a face-to-face interview, self-reported questionnaires, including Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire and Female Sexual Function Index, and blood sample for hormonal levels and biomarkers. The assessments were repeated at baseline, at one year follow up, and at three years follow up.ResultsAfter CBT, both AN and BN patients showed a significant improvement of sexual functioning, which was associated with a reduction of core psychopathology. AN patients who recovered regular menses demonstrated a better improvement across time of psychopathological and clinical features, and were more likely to maintain these improvements at follow up. Recovery of regular menses and improvement of sexuality at the end of CBT were associated with a higher probability to have a full recovery at three years follow up.ConclusionsThese results challenge a concept of recovery in EDs exclusively based on weight restoration or behavioral changes. An assessment including sexual functioning and core psychopathology might identify the residual pathological conditions, and it is able to provide information regarding the long term recovery process.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Personality and insomnia: The role of gender
Authors: Amaral A.P. , Soares M.J. , Pereira A.T. , Bos S. , Roque C. , Macedo A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSeveral epidemiological studies have been conducted to document the prevalence and correlates of insomnia. Most of them confirm their high prevalence in the general population, and a gender difference in the risk for insomnia.AimsTo study the role of gender in the relationship between personality (perfectionism and neuroticism) and insomnia ([IG] insomnia group, [ISG] insomnia symptoms group, and [GSG] good sleepers group).MethodsA total of 549 college students (80.1% females) filled in the MPS (Frost et al., 1990; Hewitt and Flett, 1991), EPI (Barton et al., 1992, 1995), and a self-reported questionnaire to assess insomnia symptoms.ResultsNo differences were found between female and male samples, concerning the dimension of perfectionism – doubts about actions. The IG and the ISG showed higher levels of doubts about actions than the GSG. However, only in female sample the IG and the ISG showed higher levels of concern over mistakes in comparison with the GSG. In males, no significant differences between the sleep groups were found, in which respects concern over mistakes. The level of extroversion was higher in the GSG, but only in male sample. In females, there were no significant differences between the sleep groups in relation to extroversion.ConclusionsNo gender differences were found for the role of doubts about actions in insomnia. Only in females, the dimension – concern over mistakes is important in insomnia, and only in males the dimension – extroversion is important to have a good sleep. These results warrant further research.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A comparison and contrast of cannabis and amphetamine-type stimulant induced psychoses
Authors: Alharbi F. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundThe term “psychosis” is very broad. Substance users represent one group with particularly high rates of psychotic symptoms.ObjectiveThis review will present an update on cannabis and amphetamine-type Stimulant (ATS) and will try to differentiate and compare their associated psychotic features.MethodA systematic literature search was conducted from 1980 to date in the following databases: MEDLINE, PsycINFO and PubMed. Articles were included if they were highlighting substances induced psychoses, with particular emphasis on stimulants/amphetamine/methamphetamine and cannabis/marijuana induced psychoses, schizophrenia-spectrum disorder or schizophrenia.ResultsThere are many differences between these two substances regarding source, neurobiological processes, average latency periods before developing psychosis, clinical features as compared to schizophrenia, risk of using drugs and developing psychosis and drugs use and development of schizophrenia and urine screening test. With the recent proposals to regulate cannabis use, a further investigation of the association of this use with psychosis is required.ConclusionsOur search elicited many studies of one substance and its association with psychosis but few comparative studies across substances. Yet in our opinion, these comparisons could shed further insight on the development of psychotic features.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Self-care concept developed by drug users
Authors: Antonia Oliveira S. , Vasconcelos S.C. , Piagge C.S.L.D. , Veras D.L. , Souza F.P. , Frazão I.S. , Alves K.L. , Alves M.R.R. , Ramos V.P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe care to the alcohol and/or other drugs’ user focuses on the logic of care for extended clinical and harm reduction, under the focus of the user and his family co-responsibility towards treatment.AimThis study aimed to understand the concept of self-care developed by drug users.MethodsIt is about a descriptive exploratory study with a qualitative approach. It was conducted in a center of psycho-social attention (CPSA), in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. The study participants were alcohol and/or other drugs users, over the age of 18 years, both sexes and were in treatment in the mentioned service in morning, afternoon and evening shifts. Data collection occurred in consultation records and individual interviews for the sample characterization, and three operating group sessions, one per shift, guided by the question: “what is self-care for you?” The interviews and sessions were audio-recorded, transcribed and submitted to analysis by ALCESTE software.ResultsIt was noted that self-care was conceptualized by the drug users from different points of view. For some, self-care is to self-protect, for others it means taking medications. The family, religion and CPSA were identified as a support network for the self-care maintenance. Furthermore, the self-care was related to the desire to recover losses.ConclusionThis study provided the understanding improvement of the self-care concept, supporting the care practice for the interventions planning, targeting the co-responsibility of the alcohol and/or other drugs users.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Pychiatrists and Legal Issues in Dementia Care
Authors: Carrasco M.M. 
Published: June 2017

During more than half a century, Psychiatry has extensively accepted a biomedical model studying mental disorders (including schizophrenia, affective disorders and the large group of stress-related disorders, including anxiety disorder. Thus, the classical dichotomy between functional and organic psychiatric disorders is obsolete and from a theoretical point of view there should be no obstacle for Psychiatry to deal with the study of dementias from gene to clinical levels using empirical methods, including neurotransmitters and scanning techniques. However, in many European countries, the dementias have been claimed as belonging primarily to Neurology, leaving the role of psychiatrists to treat psychotic symptoms and bizarre behavioral disturbances.However, psychiatrists have a long tradition of detailed psychopathological description and great skill in coping with the many psychological, ethical and social problems that are such important features of mental disorders and particularly the dementias, and so, the specific skills of psychiatrists will certainly be warranted in managing the many significant psychological and social problems of the patient both within the family and in society. The discussion must overcome the sterile debate between specialties to focus on the skills needed to adequately address the needs of patients with dementia and their caregivers.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Drug safety related to agents used for opioid maintenance therapy
Authors: Gahr M. , Eller J. , Hiemke C. , Freudenmann R.W. , Connemann B.J. , Lang D. , Schönfeldt-Lecuona C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThere is only little data regarding drug safety related to agents used for opioid maintenance therapy (OMT).Objectives/aimsTo study drug safety and the reporting behaviour of adverse drug reactions (ADR) related to OMT.MethodsA cross-sectional questionnaire-based telephone survey among physicians providing outpatient OMT in a federal state of Germany (n = 176; response rate = 55.7%) was conducted.ResultsMost of the respondents (n = 97/55.1%) reported that they observe ADR related to buprenorphine, [dihydro]codein and [levo]methdone rarely (n = 38/21.6%), very rarely (n = 39/22.2%) or never (n = 20/11.4%). Methadone was reported to be most frequently associated with the occurrence of ADR (n = 82/46.6%), followed by levomethadone (n = 33/18.8%), buprenorphine (n = 6/3.4%), and dihydrocodeine (n = 3/1.7%). Frequently observed ADR related to these agents were gastrointestinal, nervous system and psychiatric disorders, and hyperhidrosis. Methadone and levomethadone (not buprenorphine) were reported to be frequently associated with fatigue, weight gain, and sexual dysfunction. Only buprenorphine was reported to be frequently associated with withdrawal and rebound effects, and drug intolerance. Hundred twenty-nine participants (73.3%) stated that they never report ADR related to OMT, whereas n = 19 (10.8%) did so when referring to ADR related to their complete medical practice (Chi2 = 141.070; df = 1; P < 0.001).ConclusionsOur data revealed similar patterns of ADR related to outpatient OMT as those reported in the product information or in pain therapy. Motivation to report ADR related to agents used for OMT may be reduced compared to ADR related to the general medical practice.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Population characteristics of methamphetamine shabu users
Authors: Oviedo Peñuela L. , Torrens M. , Fonseca F. , Rossi P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionShabu is a crystal methamphetamine whose consumption is common among the community of Philippine immigrants in Spain.ObjectivesTo describe the sociodemographic, healthcare and clinical characteristics of patients using shabu who have been treated by the psychiatry and addiction department of a tertiary hospital.MethodsWe describe the cases of patients treated in the psychiatry and addiction department of the hospital del Mar in Barcelona, Spain with methamphetamine use disorder. We collected sociodemographic variables, monitoring features and psychiatric comorbidity from the review of medical records.ResultsTen cases of patients with severe use disorder of shabu were identified. Eight patients are from the Philippines. Nine are men (90%). At the beginning of the medical follow-up the average age was 30 years (21–41 years). All of them reported being unemployed. Four patients were referred urgently to the hospital from an ambulatory care center, two belonged to a specific program for children and adolescents, two were treated at the emergency department and two were assessed during their admissions in other departments. Regarding clinical characteristics, six had associated psychiatric disorders: two have paranoid schizophrenia, two had induced psychotic episode, one had unspecified psychosis and other had conduct disorder.ConclusionsShabu is a drug that the Philippine community in Spain consumes in their daily life in a social context. However, consumption of this drug could be linked to the onset of psychotic symptoms. Registration is necessary to standardize the consumption pattern in order to establish a relationship between consumption and the appearance of psychotic and organic symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychological approach in headache patients with pain medication misuse in an outpatient center for drug treatment in Barcelona
Authors: Ros-Cucurull E. , Perea M. , Romero D. , Palma-Álvarez R.F. , Pozo-Rosich P. , Torres-Ferrús M. , Grau-López L. , Abad A.C. , Martínez N. , Esojo A. , Robles-Martínez M. , Roncero C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPain medication misuse is commonly found in patients under headache treatment and may produce co-morbid anxiety and depressive symptomatology. Management of this issue requires a comprehensive and integrative treatment including psychotherapy. Group interventions have been scarcely studied in addictive disorders, those interventions aims to decrease drug misuse and improve related psychiatric symptoms.AimTo study the efficacy of group interventions base on cognitive-behavior approach in patients with pain medication misuse.MethodPatients with pain medication misuse were included and were evaluated with BDI, STAI, SF36 and HIT scales (basal and at the end of treatment sessions). Patients were recruited from headache outpatient unit. Twelve sessions of one hour were performed with a cognitive-behavior approach (weekly).ResultsWe present preliminary results about the efficacy of group interventions in patients with pain medication misuse. Descriptive results pre- and post- treatment were analyzed in depressive symptoms (M = 20.14, SD = 12.25; M = 14.67, SD = 19.50) and in areas of quality of life: physical functioning (M = 48.75, SD = 31.13; M = 60.50, SD = 41.68), bodily pain (M = 12, SD = 9.25; M = 42.75, SD = 34.09), general health perceptions (M = 25.75, SD = 16.96; M = 44.25, SD = 22.33), vitality (M = 33.75, SD = 13.82; M = 48, SD = 34.82).ConclusionsPain medication misuse is commonly found in chronic headache patients, consequently worst outcomes for both pathologies. Group interventions may be useful in management of pain, anxiety and other comorbidities. Furthermore, it may favor drug use decrease and even abstinence.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Alcohol-related cue-reactivity predicts abstinence duration in individuals with severe alcohol-use disorders
Authors: Karthik S. , Holla B. , Bharath R.D. , Venkatasubramaniyan G. , Benegal V. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is an important global public health problem with complex aetiology and relapsing remitting course. Clinical measures of alcohol dependence severity and alcohol-craving, are largely unreliable in identifying individuals at high-risk for relapse. Functional human neuroimaging methods that employ symptom provocation paradigms have shown promise in identifying critical brain regions with cue-elicited alcohol-craving response.ObjectiveThe present study aimed at examining the utility of fMRI cue-reactivity (CR) in predicting relapse risk.MethodsThe study was conducted on inpatients of a tertiary care neuropsychiatric hospital. Thirty-two treatment-seeking right-handed men were recruited for the study after informed consent. Following detoxification and 3-day drug-washout period, they underwent a task-based fMRI while viewing images of alcohol-related and control cues presented to them using a previously validated fMRI paradigm. All patients received anti-craving medications (baclofen: 60–80 mg/d, n = 16; naltrexone: 50–100 mg/d, n = 16) and were prospectively followed-up till their first alcohol lapse.ResultsRandom-effect analysis using one-sample test revealed significant CR to alcohol-related cues (relative to implicit baseline) with activation in salience-reward related regions [insula, cingulate, dorsal striatum (DS)], visual-attention regions [occipito-temporal] and deactivation of default-mode regions [posterior cingulate (PCC)] (all significant at PFWE < 0.05, whole-brain corrected). Cox-proportional hazard regressions revealed that greater CR in Insula (Chi2 = 10.33; P = 0.001; HR = 3.1; 95% CI = 1.5–6.3) and DS (Chi2 = 10.87; P = 0.001; HR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.5–5.2) predicts faster subsequent time to first drink after accounting for the role of clinical measures.ConclusionThese findings indicate that CR can serve as potential marker to identify individuals at high-risk for relapse. Further examination of intervention-related CR change may aid in personalizing treatment of AUD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Role of alcohol use in suicidal behavior in public places
Authors: Baca-Garcia E. , Barrigon M. , Cegla Schvartzman F. , Sedano-Capdevila A. , Villoria-Borrego L. , Sanchez-Alonso M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSuicide in public places is a relatively common emergency in which alcohol use could be a factor involved.MethodsA total of 169 patients were attended for SB in Madrid public places by SAMUR (Municipal assistance service for emergency and rescue) and transferred to FJD emergency room where all of them were assessed by the psychiatrist on duty. For all (but 47 of them), blood alcohol level was measured and other variables were collected: age, sex, history of suicide attempt and characteristic of the attempt. A descriptive analysis was made and then differences between those using alcohol and those not was made.ResultsOur sample comprises 169 patients, 40.2% woman and 59.8% man (median age = 39.36 years). Alcohol was measured in 122 patients, being positive in 52.4% (median alcohol level = 95.09 mg/dL). We found that 64.6% of man had consumed alcohol against the 30.2% of women (P = 0.000). 64.8% of alcohol users were discharged, against the 35.2% that not users. We admitted 28.1% of the alcohol users and 56.8% of the non-users (P = 0.007). We did not found statistically significance differences when compared patients that consumed against patients who did not regarding previous attempts, behavior (ideation, intent, non suicidal self-harm) and method.ConclusionsWhen assessed SB, we found that most of the patients were man under the alcohol influence and most of them were discharged after being evaluated. The data does not reflect the seriousness of the SB, which opens the possibility of correlating the levels of alcohol with suicidal risk.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.