bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postibrutinib outcomes in patients with mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Martin Peter , Maddocks Kami , Leonard John P. , Ruan Jia , Goy Andre , Wagner-Johnston Nina , Rule Simon , Advani Ranjana , Iberri David , Phillips Tycel , Spurgeon Stephen , Kozin Eliana , Noto Katherine , Chen Zhengming , Jurczak Wojciech , Auer Rebecca , Chmielowska Ewa , Stilgenbauer Stephan , Bloehdorn Johannes , Portell Craig , Williams Michael E. , Dreyling Martin , Barr Paul M. , Chen-Kiang Selina , DiLiberto Maurizio , Furman Richard R. , Blum Kristie A. 
Published: January 2016

Key Points
Patients with mantle cell lymphoma who progressed during treatment with ibrutinib have a poor outcome. There are no therapies that appear to be uniquely successful in the postibrutinib setting. The postibrutinib setting is an unmet need.
NOBLE – Flexible concept recognition for large-scale biomedical natural language processing
Authors: Tseytlin Eugene , Mitchell Kevin , Legowski Elizabeth , Corrigan Julia , Chavan Girish , Jacobson Rebecca S. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Background
Natural language processing (NLP) applications are increasingly important in biomedical data analysis, knowledge engineering, and decision support. Concept recognition is an important component task for NLP pipelines, and can be either general-purpose or domain-specific. We describe a novel, flexible, and general-purpose concept recognition component for NLP pipelines, and compare its speed and accuracy against five commonly used alternatives on both a biological and clinical corpus.
NOBLE Coder implements a general algorithm for matching terms to concepts from an arbitrary vocabulary set. The system’s matching options can be configured individually or in combination to yield specific system behavior for a variety of NLP tasks. The software is open source, freely available, and easily integrated into UIMA or GATE. We benchmarked speed and accuracy of the system against the CRAFT and ShARe corpora as reference standards and compared it to MMTx, MGrep, Concept Mapper, cTAKES Dictionary Lookup Annotator, and cTAKES Fast Dictionary Lookup Annotator.

Results
We describe key advantages of the NOBLE Coder system and associated tools, including its greedy algorithm, configurable matching strategies, and multiple terminology input formats. These features provide unique functionality when compared with existing alternatives, including state-of-the-art systems. On two benchmarking tasks, NOBLE’s performance exceeded commonly used alternatives, performing almost as well as the most advanced systems. Error analysis revealed differences in error profiles among systems.

Conclusion
NOBLE Coder is comparable to other widely used concept recognition systems in terms of accuracy and speed. Advantages of NOBLE Coder include its interactive terminology builder tool, ease of configuration, and adaptability to various domains and tasks. NOBLE provides a term-to-concept matching system suitable for general concept recognition in biomedical NLP pipelines.
Tuberculosis Diagnosis Delaying Treatment of Cancer: Experience From a New Oncology Unit in Blantyre, Malawi
Authors: Masamba Leo Peter Lockie , Jere Yankho , Brown Ewan Russell Stewart , Gorman Dermot Robert 
Published: January 2016

Purpose Malawi is a low-income country in sub-Saharan Africa with limited health care infrastructure and high prevalance of HIV and tuberculosis. This study aims to determine the characteristics of patients presenting to Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital Oncology Unit, Blantyre, Malawi, who had been treated for tuberculosis before they were diagnosed with cancer. Methods Clinical data on all patients presenting to the oncology unit at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital from 2010 to 2014 after a prior diagnosis of tuberculosis were prospectively recorded, and a descriptive analysis was undertaken. Results Thirty-four patients who had been treated for tuberculosis before being diagnosed with cancer were identified between 2010 and 2014, which represents approximately 1% of new referrals to the oncology unit. Forty-one percent of patients were HIV positive. Mean duration of tuberculosis treatment before presentation to the oncology unit was 3.6 months. The most common clinical presentation was a neck mass or generalized lymphadenopathy. Lymphoma was the most common malignancy that was subsequently diagnosed in 23 patients. Conclusion Misdiagnosis of cancer as tuberculosis is a significant clinical problem in Malawi. This study underlines the importance of closely monitoring the response to tuberculosis treatment, being aware of the possibility of a cancer diagnosis, and seeking a biopsy early if cancer is suspected.
Investigating staff knowledge of safeguarding and pressure ulcers in care homes
Authors: Ousey K. , Kaye V. , McCormick K. , Stephenson J. 
Published: January 2016

Objective: To investigate whether nursing/care home staff regard pressure ulceration as a safeguarding issue; and to explore reporting mechanisms for pressure ulcers (PUs) in nursing/care homes. Method: Within one clinical commissioning group, 65 staff members from 50 homes completed a questionnaire assessing their experiences of avoidable and unavoidable PUs, grading systems, and systems in place for referral to safeguarding teams. Understanding of safeguarding was assessed in depth by interviews with 11 staff members. Results: Staff observed an average of 2.72 PUs in their workplaces over the previous 12 months, judging 45.6% to be avoidable. Only a minority of respondents reported knowledge of a grading system (mostly the EPUAP/NPUAP system). Most respondents would refer PUs to the safeguarding team: the existence of a grading system, or guidance, appeared to increase that likelihood. Safeguarding was considered a priority in most homes; interviewees were familiar with the term safeguarding, but some confusion over its meaning was apparent. Quality of written documentation and verbal communication received before residents returned from hospital was highlighted. However, respondents expressed concern over lack of information regarding skin integrity. Most staff had received education regarding ulcer prevention or wound management during training, but none reported post-registration training or formal education programmes; reliance was placed on advice of district nurses or tissue viability specialists. Conclusion: Staff within nursing/care homes understand the fundamentals of managing skin integrity and the importance of reporting skin damage; however, national education programmes are needed to develop knowledge and skills to promote patient health-related quality of life, and to reduce the health-care costs of pressure damage. Further research to investigate understanding, knowledge and skills of nursing/care home staff concerning pressure ulcer development and safeguarding will become increasingly necessary, as levels of the older population who may require assisted living continue to rise.
Historical entanglements, conflicting agendas and visions: Radio Botswana and the making of a national radio station
Authors: Mosime Sethunya Tshepho , Mhlanga Brilliant 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Botswana’s government as one of the celebrated postcolonial democracies in Southern Africa continues to have the state owning and controlling the media – in particular, broadcast media. The history of government-owned and controlled media in Botswana can be understood through colonial lenses – it stands out as a product of historical entanglements with the influence of apartheid South Africa’s role, and the invention of Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) hegemony. These were further mitigated by other factors that include the sections of Information and Broadcasting’s own internal politics and growth, and, within the geopolitical prism, the Cold War period. This article focuses on the history of radio in Botswana showing its multiple origins and the conflicting visions as to the role and nature of broadcasting in the colony and postcolony. We posit that the aims of modernization, nationalism, national identity and public versus government ownership all had their place in the establishment of radio in the country. Further, we argue that the powerful presence of a coercive and quite overbearing neighbour, South Africa with its South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC), and a paternalist British voice alongside an anxious postcolonial government, all shaped the eventual identity of Radio Botswana.
Modes of griot inscription in African cinema
Authors: Fisher Alexander 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
A recurring idea in the criticism of African cinema has been that the films frequently deploy the narrative techniques of the griot, the storyteller of West African tradition. In particular, Manthia Diawara (1989, 1992) alerted us to the inscription of the oral narrator within the visual discourse of particular African films, while other critics have considered how the films recall the narrative forms of traditional oral tales. However, these critics’ exclusive attention to the visual track and/or narrative form overlooks another inscription of the griot – an inscription that exists at the level of music. Examining music and image relationships in an aesthetically diverse set of African films, this article demonstrates how griot inscription emerges as a major variable, modulating between music and image within and between texts. This propels music, and the griot, to a status of primary importance in terms of understanding the ways in which the films explore and reappropriate notions of ‘African-ness’ while negotiating the tensions of address generated when oral forms of narrative meet the industrial form of cinema.
A necessary and sufficient condition for the continuity of local minima of parabolic variational
integrals with linear growth
Authors: DiBenedetto Emmanuele , Gianazza Ugo , Klaus Colin 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
For proper minimizers of parabolic variational integrals
with linear growth with respect to

|

D
⁢
u

|

{|Du|}

, we establish
a necessary and sufficient condition for u to be continuous
at a point

(

x
o

,

t
o

)

{(x_{o},t_{o})}

, in terms of a sufficient fast decay of the
total variation of u about

(

x
o

,

t
o

)

{(x_{o},t_{o})}

.
These minimizers arise also as proper solutions to the parabolic 1-Laplacian equation.
Hence, the continuity condition continues to hold for such solutions.
Modelling Tyre-Road Noise with Data Mining Techniques
Authors: Freitas Elisabete , Tinoco Joaquim , Soares Francisco , Costa Jocilene , Cortez Paulo , Pereira Paulo 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The research aimed to establish tyre-road noise models by using a Data Mining approach that allowed to build a predictive model and assess the importance of the tested input variables. The data modelling took into account three learning algorithms and three metrics to define the best predictive model. The variables tested included basic properties of pavement surfaces, macrotexture, megatexture, and unevenness and, for the first time, damping. Also, the importance of those variables was measured by using a sensitivity analysis procedure. Two types of models were set: one with basic variables and another with complex variables, such as megatexture and damping, all as a function of vehicles speed. More detailed models were additionally set by the speed level. As a result, several models with very good tyre-road noise predictive capacity were achieved. The most relevant variables were Speed, Temperature, Aggregate size, Mean Profile Depth, and Damping, which had the highest importance, even though influenced by speed. Megatexture and IRI had the lowest importance. The applicability of the models developed in this work is relevant for trucks tyre-noise prediction, represented by the AVON V 4 test tyre, at the early stage of road pavements use. Therefore, the obtained models are highly useful for the design of pavements and for noise prediction by road authorities and contractors.
Contribution of Complex Systems to Entrepreneurship
Authors: Ireland Vernon , Gorod Alex 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe purpose of the research is to demonstrate how recognition of complex systems or complexity science enhances recognition and achievement of entrepreneurial opportunities. A further objective is to provide an integrated source of readily available information about a number of research papers that demonstrate the role of complex systems in entrepreneurial activities. Papers reviewed include those by McKelvey, Andriani, Boisot, Dooley, Siggelkow, Chiles, Plowman, Lichtenstein, Carbonara, Crawford, and others. These papers illustrate how complex systems operate, and how this can be used to develop entrepreneurial emergence. The research also seeks to identify an integrated model of emergence to provide a framework for entrepreneurship researchers and provide assistance to entrepreneurs. Lichtenstein’s
New insights into the substrate specificity of macrophage elastase MMP-12
Authors: Lamort Anne-Sophie , Gravier Rodolphe , Laffitte Anni , Juliano Luiz , Zani Marie-Louise , Moreau Thierry 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Macrophage elastase, or MMP-12, is mainly produced by alveolar macrophages and is believed to play a major role in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The catalytic domain of MMP-12 is unique among MMPs in that it is very highly active on numerous substrates including elastin. However, measuring MMP-12 activity in biological fluids has been hampered by the lack of highly selective substrates. We therefore synthesized four series of fluorogenic peptide substrates based on the sequences of MMP-12 cleavage sites in its known substrates. Human MMP-12 efficiently cleaved peptide substrates containing a Pro at P3 in the sequence Pro-X-X↓Leu but lacked selectivity towards these substrates compared to other MMPs, including MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9 and MMP-13. On the contrary, the substrate Abz-RNALAVERTAS-EDDnp derived from the CXCR5 chemokine was the most selective substrate for MMP-12 ever reported. All substrates were cleaved more efficiently by full-length MMP-12 than by its catalytic domain alone, indicating that the C-terminal hemopexin domain influences substrate binding and/or catalysis. Docking experiments revealed unexpected interactions between the peptide substrate Abz-RNALAVERTAS-EDDn and MMP-12 residues. Most of our substrates were poorly cleaved by murine MMP-12 suggesting that human and murine MMP-12 have different substrate specificities despite their structural similarity.
RAS and downstream RAF-MEK and PI3K-AKT signaling in neuronal development, function and dysfunction
Authors: Zhong Jian 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In postmitotic neurons, the activation of RAS family small GTPases regulates survival, growth and differentiation. Dysregulation of RAS or its major effector pathway, the cascade of RAF-, mitogen-activated and extracellular-signal regulated kinase kinases (MEK), and extracellular-signal regulated kinases (ERK) causes the RASopathies, a group of neurodevelopmental disorders whose pathogenic mechanisms are the subject of intense research. I here summarize the functions of RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling in neurons in vivo, and discuss perspectives for harnessing this pathway to enable novel treatments for nervous system injury, the RASopathies, and possibly other neurological conditions.
Safety Critical Computer Systems: Failure Independence and Software Diversity Effects on Reliability of Dual Channel Structures
Authors: Hristov Hristo , Bo Wang 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The paper examines Safety Critical real-time Systems (SCS), in particular their dual-channel structures. The analytical study on computer-based SCS recognizing failures comparing the results of both channels is based on the theory of reliability. The aim is to establish reliable models that include independence rate between failures of both channels and their diversity. The created formulas are used to calculate the function of reliability, probability of safety failures and hazard failures. The intensity of failures of the system and the intensity of its recovery, the ratio between Common Mode Failures (CMF) and failures of individual channels are explicitly presented in the models. for the independence of hardware and software Faults are introduced. The analytical models obtained allow evaluating the effects of independence of channels and the depth of their diversity. A formula for calculating the improvement of safety thanks to the dual-channel architecture in comparison to a single-channel structure of the same output reliability parameters has been worked out. Analytical models can be used to calculate indicators of systems in order to establish their compliance with safety standards. Analytical models can be used to calculate indicators of specific systems to determine their compliance with safety standards. The results make possible to find out technical solutions with better reliability and safety features.
The Chinese Economic System Under Mao
Authors: Wang Ning 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis paper attempts a character study of China’s economic system under Mao to uncover changes and continuities between Mao’s economy and post-Mao Chinese economic reforms. While some historical roots of China’s market transformation can be readily traced back to Mao’s era, it remains open to debate how Mao’s legacies were actually translated into institutional forces facilitating China’s transition to a market economy. In addition, the presence of such linkage leads us to ponder why Mao’s economy failed so miserably, particularly in comparison with the rapid rise of the Chinese economy in the post-Mao era.
Europa, jos ribos ir Lietuva: diskutuoja Edvardas Gudavičius, Eligijus Raila, Aurimas Švedas, Aurelijus Gieda, Nerijus Babinskas, Alfredas Bumblauskas
Authors: Leonavičiūtė Inga , Vaiseta Tomas 
Published: January 2016

„Lietuvos istorijos studijų“ redakcija publikuoja Oskaro Haleckio knygos Europos istorijos ribos ir skirstymai sutiktuvių proga Vilniaus universiteto Istorijos fakultete surengtą diskusiją (2014 m. gruodžio 10 d.). Dalyvavo prof. habil. dr. Edvardas Gudavičius, doc. dr. Eligijus Raila, doc. dr. Aurimas Švedas, dr. Aurelijus Gieda ir dr. Nerijus Babinskas, moderavo – prof. dr. Alfredas Bumblauskas.Pateikiame šios diskusijos sutrumpintą stenogramą.
Žydai konvertitai XIX–XX amžiaus pirmosios pusės Lietuvoje
Authors: Maciulevičius Arvydas 
Published: January 2016

Apie Elenos Keidošiūtės daktaro disertaciją „Katalikiškos misijos ir žydų konversijos Lietuvoje: reiškinių transformacijos XIX–XX a. pirmoje pusėje“ ir jos gynimą
Pengaruh Komitmen Organisasi, Penghargaan dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Perputaran Karyawan Pada Perbankan Syariah di Kota BATAM
Authors: Adi Ahmad Zulva , Ratnasari Sri Langgeng 
Published: January 2016

The Effect of Organization Commitment, Reward, and Work Satisfaction to Turnover in Islamic Banking at BatamThis study aims to analyze the effect of organizational commitment, reward to turn-over intention through work satisfaction variable and to analyze the most affective variable on turn-over intention. The method that used on this study is path analysis. According to the analysis, it is concluded as the followings: organizational commitment has effect on work satisfaction, reward has effect on work satisfaction, work satisfaction has effect on turnover intention, organizational commitment has a effect on turnover intention, reward has a effect on turnover intention, organizational commitment has a effect on turnover intention through work satisfaction, reward has a effect on turnover intention through work satisfaction.DOI: 10.15408/etk.v14i1.2262
US Poison Control Center Calls for Infants 6 Months of Age and Younger
Authors: Kang A. Min , Brooks Daniel E. 
Published: January 2016

BACKGROUND:Anticipatory guidance and prevention efforts to decrease poisonings in young children have historically focused on restricting access to minimize exploratory ingestions. Because infants through 6 months of age have limited mobility, such exposures are expected to be less frequent and therapeutic (or dosing) errors should be more frequent. Although recent prevention efforts target some types of therapeutic errors, the epidemiology of these exposures is not well characterized in this age group. This could have important implications for the effectiveness of current prevention efforts.METHODS:A 10-year (2004–2013) retrospective review of exposure calls for infants through 6 months of age was conducted on National Poison Data System files.RESULTS:A total of 271 513 exposures were reported, of which 96.7% were unintentional. Of these, the most common reasons were general unintentional (50.7%), which includes exploratory exposures, and therapeutic error (36.7%). Among the latter, 47.0% involved quantitative dosing errors (a different amount than intended) and 42.8% involved nonquantitative dosing errors (a medication given twice or too soon, the wrong medication, or wrong route). Most exposures (97.5%)occurred in the home but only 85.2% of calls came from the home;80.4% ofself-referrals to a healthcare facility were not admitted.CONCLUSIONS:General unintentional (including exploratory) exposures and therapeutic errors both comprise a large proportion of calls in this age group. Among therapeutic errors, quantitative and nonquantitative dosing errors are equally concerning. There areappreciablenumbers of patients presenting to healthcare prior topoison centerconsultation. These data can help target future anticipatory guidance and prevention measures.
Restriktiver Ventrikelseptumdefekt bei einem Zwergkaninchen
Authors: Leuser C. , Miltz D. , Henrich E. , Schneider M. , Hildebrandt N. 
Published: January 2016

ZusammenfassungEin 9 Wochen altes, unkastriertes weibliches Zwergkaninchen wurde zur Abklärung eines Herzgeräusches vorgestellt. Die Auskultation ergab ein systolisches Herzgeräusch Grad IV/VI mit einem rechtsseitigen Punctum maximum. Radiologisch fanden sich Hinweise auf eine Linksherzvergrößerung. Das EKG in rechter Seitenlage des Tieres zeigte eine Sinustachykardie mit einer Frequenz von 360 Schlägen/Minute. Echokardiographisch wurden unauffällige Dimensionen der Kammern und Vorkammern festgestellt. Bei der zweidimensionalen Darstellung ließ sich ein perimembranöser Ventrikelseptumdefekt (ca. 0,8 mm im Durchmesser) nachweisen, der sowohl von rechts (Längs- und Kurzachse) als auch von links parasternal darstellbar war. Bei der Doppler- Echokardiographie präsentierte sich dieser als reiner Links-rechts- Shunt mit einer systolischen Maximalflussgeschwindigkeit von 5,2 m/s. Zudem bestand eine relative Pulmonalstenose (Flussgeschwindigkeit Arteria pulmonalis: 1,02 m/s im PW-Doppler). Aufgrund dieser Befunde wurde der Defekt als restriktiver Ventrikelseptumdefekt einstuft. Eine medikamentöse Therapie war zu diesem Zeitpunkt nicht erforderlich. Eine Nachuntersuchung nach 7 Wochen zeigte eine unveränderte morphologische und hämodynamische Situation. Das Tier verstarb ca. 6 Jahre später an einer nichtkardialen Ursache. Der Ventrikelseptumdefekt bei diesem Zwergkaninchen stellte sich damit sowohl klinisch als auch sonographisch vergleichbar zu entsprechenden Befunden bei Hund und Katze sowie bei einem Kaninchen der Rasse Weißer Neuseeländer dar.