bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of ultrafast picosecond laser cleaning of soiling on historical leather buckles
Authors: Elnaggar Abdelrazek , Fitzsimons Paul , Lama Anne , Fletcher Yvette , Antunes Paula , Watkins K. G. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The aim of the research is to present a system recently developed and used for automated cleaning of artworks and to examine the suitability of using this ultrafast and precise computed-scanning picosecond laser (1064 nm) with a repetition rate of 10 kHz and a temporal pulse length of 10 ps for the removal of soiling from leather buckles without damaging the leather substrate. Preliminary tests will be performed with the model artificially aged vegetable tanned samples to determine the leather damage threshold fluence and the soiling ablation threshold fluence before using a laser for the removal of the soiling from a historical leather buckle. As laser cleaning requires a physical parameterization for optimization of cleaning accompanied with an assessment of the morphological and chemical changes of leather, an investigations were performed to determine the leather damage and ablation threshold fluences of artificially aged and historical vegetable tanned leather using a number of analytical techniques including differential scanning calorimetry, optical microscopy, scanning electronic microscope with energy dispersive X-ray analysis, colorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy have been used. Following optimization trials of the picosecond laser cleaning parameters on model leather samples, satisfactory removal of the soiling over the historical leather surface is achieved.
Development and comparison of artificial neural network and statistical model for prediction of thermo-physiological properties of polyester–cotton plated fabrics
Authors: Jhanji Y. , Kothari V. K. , Gupta D. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThermo-physiological properties of textiles play a very crucial role in providing thermal equilibrium to human beings in changing ambient conditions and activity level and in turn dictate the overall wearer comfort. A number of prediction tools like mechanistic, statistical and stochastic (artificial neural network) models are finding application in textiles for reasonable prediction of various aspects of textiles before the actual commencement of fabric production and testing. In this study, thermo-physiological properties of polyester–cotton plated fabrics were predicted by two approaches: artificial neural network and response surface equations. A multilayered back propagation artificial neural network was developed with four input nodes corresponding to four selected input parameters: back layer yarn linear density, filament fineness, total yarn linear density and loop length and one output node corresponding to the predicted thermo-physiological property. Four individual networks working in tandem with common set of input parameters and each giving an individual output were developed such that the outputs of four networks were thermal resistance, thermal absorptivity, air permeability and moisture vapour transmission rate respectively. Network architecture gave good prediction performance with low values of mean absolute percentage error and high coefficient of determination. Response surface equations were developed to predict the thermo-physiological properties and good agreement between experimental and predicted values for all the properties was found with coefficient of determination over 0.9. Artificial neural network predicted the thermal resistance and air permeability of plated fabrics with good accuracy. However, the response surface equations served better prediction tool for thermal absorptivity and moisture vapour transmission rate prediction.
Broadband marine controlled-source electromagnetic for subsalt and around salt exploration
Authors: Zerilli Andrea , Buonora Marco P. , Menezes Paulo T. L. , Labruzzo Tiziano , Marçal Adriano J. A. , Silva Crepaldi João L. 
Published: August 2016

Salt basins, mainly Tertiary basins with mobilized salt, are notoriously difficult places to explore because of the traditionally poor seismic images typically obtained around and below salt bodies. In areas where the salt structures are extremely complex, the seismic signal-to-noise ratio may still be limited and, therefore, complicate the estimation of the velocity field variations that could be used to migrate the seismic data correctly and recover a good image suitable for prospect generation. We have evaluated the results of an integrated seismic-electromagnetic (EM) two-step interpretation workflow that we applied to a broadband marine controlled-source EM (mCSEM) research survey acquired over a selected ultra-deepwater area of Espirito Santo Basin, Brazil. The presence of shallow allochthonous salt structures makes around salt and subsalt seismic depth imaging remarkably challenging. To illustrate the proposed workflow, we have concentrated on a subdomain of the mCSEM data set, in which a shallow allochthonous salt body has been interpreted before. In the first step, we applied a 3D pixel-based inversion to the mCSEM data intending to recover the first guess of the geometry and resistivity of the salt body, but also the background resistivity. As a starting model, we used a resistivity mesh given by seismic interpretation and resistivity information provided by available nearby wells. Then, we applied a structure-based inversion to the mCSEM data, in which the retrieved model in step one was used as an input. The goal of that second inversion was to recover the base of the salt interface. The top of the salt and the background resistivities remained fixed throughout the process. As a result, we were able to define better the base of the allochthonous salt body. That was reinterpreted approximately 300–700 m shallower than interpreted from narrow azimuth seismic.
Detection and Prognostic Significance of Circulating Tumor Cells in Patients With Metastatic Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Xu Jian Yu , Handy Beverly , Michaelis Christina L. , Waguespack Steven G. , Hu Mimi I. , Busaidy Naifa , Jimenez Camilo , Cabanillas Maria E. , Fritsche Herbert A. , Cote Gilbert J. , Sherman Steven I. 
Published: August 2016

Context:
Individual patient prognostication for advanced thyroid cancer (TC) is challenging. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been shown to be a valuable prognostic marker for other solid cancers.

Objective:
We hypothesized that CTCs are present in the blood of patients with advanced TC and their number can predict overall survival (OS).

Setting:
This is a prospective study at a tertiary cancer hospital.

Patients, Interventions, and Main Outcome Measures:
Initial studies were performed with TC cell lines to determine the feasibility of detection using the Veridex CellSearch. CTC enumeration was performed in blood samples from 18 patients with distantly metastatic medullary TC (metMTC), 14 with distantly metastatic differentiated TC (metDTC), and 10 controls with a history of TC but no evidence of disease. The prognostic value of CTC levels to predict OS in metMTC patients was assessed.

Results:
CellSearch detected cells from MTC and DTC but not anaplastic TC cell lines. Six metMTC patients but no metDTC or control patients had more than or equal to 5 CTCs detected by the CellSearch assay. Median survival in metMTC patients with more than or equal to 5 CTCs was 13 months vs 51.5 months for those with less than 5 CTCs (P = .0116). The hazard ratio for mortality of patients with more than or equal to 5 CTCs compared with those with less than 5 CTCs was 3.95 (1.20–13.0, P = .0245).

Conclusions:
The presence of more than or equal to 5 CTCs in patients with metMTC is associated with worse OS. Larger cohorts are required to validate the prognostic value of CTC enumeration.
Current clinical evidence on endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) from randomised trials
Authors: Rass K. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryBackground Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) is globally counted among the most frequently administered methods to treat saphenous vein incompetence. Technical development proceeded in three particular steps: EVLA #1 – Diode lasers linearly emitting wavelengths from 810 to 980 nm through optical bare fibres; EVLA #2 – Diode or Nd:YAG lasers emitting wavelengths from 1064 to 1500 nm; EVLA #3 – Modified optical fibres warranting an optimised emission geometry by centralisation of the fibre tip (Tulip-fibre, Jacket-tip) or radial emission of the laser beam. Due to the number of different EVLA techniques their value compared with standard surgery (high ligation and stripping, HLS) and other endovascular approaches has to be questioned.Methods Selective literature analysis based on a systematic PubMed search focussed on randomised controlled trials (RCT) comparing EVLA with HLS and other thermal or nonthermal ablation techniques – radiofrequency ablation (RFA), ultrasound guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS), endothermal steam ablation (EStA).Results The search terms “endovenous”, “laser”, “varicose vein” resulted in 509 publications, hereof 57 RCTs, hereof 24 randomised studies comparing EVLA with other treatment approaches: 15 studies comprise comparisons with standard surgery and further 9 studies with other endovenous techniques. 6 RCTs contain long-term followup data on EVLA #1 vs. HLS suggesting superiority of HLS in terms of same site clinical and duplex detected recurrence from the groin. 15 RCTs are reporting short-term results clearly demonstrating inferiority of EVLA #1 against EVLA #2, EVLA #3, and RFA with respect to postoperative complaints and patients’ quality of life.Conclusions The first generation endovenous laser systems are disadvantageous or even harmful as compared with more advanced EVLA techniques and RFA in terms of patients’ complaints and side effects. Furthermore, evidence is rising that EVLA #1 is inferior to standard surgery regarding long-term treatment efficacy. Therefore, the application of EVLA #1 in the treatment of saphenous vein incompetence cannot be recommended any longer. In view of the more recently published RCTs reporting long-term superiority of standard surgery, HLS should still be implemented as control group in studies investigating endovenous treatment approaches.
The long path to NOAC
Authors: Haas S. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThe discovery of anticoagulant drugs occurred at a time when the process of blood coagulation only had been roughly described and their mode of action was unknown. Nevertheless, heparin – which was discovered 100 years ago – and warfarin – which was developed in the 1920s – had taken off on a triumphal course which is unique in medical history. The synthesis of anticoagulants with targeted mode of action was only achieved at the end of the last century, e. g. the inhibitor of factor Xa fondaparinux or the recombinant production of the direct thrombin inhibitor hirudin, closely followed by the synthesis of the direct oral inhibitors of factor Xa and thrombin. These compounds had been clinically developed in the early 21st century and meanwhile, they have become available for several indications. Dabigatran is the only thrombin inhibitor and rivaroxaban, apixaban and edoxaban are the three factor Xa inhibitors which entered the market and have started replacing the conventional anticoagulants for treatment of venous thromboembolic complications and for prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. They have several characteristics in common such as a reproducible bioavailability, much shorter halflives than vitamin K antagonists, low interaction with other drugs, fixed dosing regimens without the necessity for routine coagulation controls and a better risk-/benefit profile than conventional anticoagulants. However, there are differences between the various compounds with regard to metabolism, renal elimination and the various dosing regimens which definitely need to be considered when prescribed to various patient populations.
Is compression therapy for thromboprophylaxis still worthwhile today?
Authors: Kröger K. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryPhysical thromboprophylaxis to prevent deep vein thrombosis of the legs was first introduced in the 1970s and 80s and is still in use. But the question “Is compression therapy for thromboprophylaxis still worthwhile today?” provokes great controversy in the literature. The current German S3 guideline goes so far as to say “Put explicitly, not using thromboembolic deterrent stockings (TEDs) in the vast majority of cases lies completely within the scope of the recommendations in this guideline.” However, the “vast majority of cases” does not mean that it is always right not to use TEDs. The general consensus in the guidelines is the use of compression as a physical means of thromboprophylaxis in patients at high risk of bleeding or with active bleeding, irrespective of whether it consists of TEDs or intermittent pneumatic compression therapy. The decision to use compression in the individual case ultimately rests with the doctor. Physical venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis still has a place in surgery during the perioperative period when regular pharmacological anticoagulation to prevent VTE has to be interrupted.
Report of the Nomenclature Committee for Algae: 14
Authors: Prud'homme van Reine Willem F. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThree names are recommended for conservation: Vesicularia (Müll. Hal.) Müll. Hal. against Vesicularia P. Micheli ex Targ. Tozz subject to the Nomenclature Committee for Bryophytes recommendation; Hapalosiphonaceae against Lunoeviaceae; and Rhabdosphaera against Rhabdolithes. The name Fucus baillouviana should not be conserved with a conserved type. Conservation of the following names is not recommended: Detonia Freng. against Detonia Sacc.; Melobesiaceae against Hapalidiaceae and Lithothamniaceae, Moorea Engene & al. against Moorea Lemaire and Moorea Rolfe.
Public Library Management between Centralization and Non-Centralization
Authors: Elsherief Hesham 
Published: August 2016

The nation’s development is measured by the progress in science and knowledge. Public libraries are the main source for the dissemination of knowledge and science. However, to achieve real societal development through public libraries, flexibility in library management is needed to adapt fast to the changes in services that needed by the societies that library serve. Each library system is required to adapt and changing its services based on the users’ educational, cultural, and social needs. The problem always lies on the bureaucratic and centralized library management systems that prohibit libraries from changing the services based on the users’ needs. Further, the problem is clearly appears in multi-branches library system that serve a wide range of users in high divers communities in terms of economic status, and social awareness. Defining the services that provided by library branches through centralized management prohibits the management flexibility and consequently reduces the ability to achieve the users’ changing needs and consequently loses its importance to the society it serves. On the other hand, the use of complete decentralization in managing multi-branches libraries would diminish the general shape of the library organization to act as an institution that has goals and action plans that drawn and implemented in an organizational framework. This paper is to suggest a new library organizational paradigm that avoids the negative impact of the centralization to increase the flexibility that needed to provide customized services to library patrons. Meanwhile, keeps the library organizational framework intact by not applying the complete decentralization while managing multi-branches library system.
Expertise in Online Markets
Authors: Despotakis Stylianos , Hafalir Isa , Ravi R. , Sayedi Amin 
Published: September 2016

We examine the effect of the presence of expert buyers on other buyers, the platform, and the sellers in online markets. We model buyer expertise as the ability to accurately predict the quality, or condition, of an item, modeled as its common value. We show that nonexperts may bid more aggressively, even above their expected valuation, to compensate for their lack of information. As a consequence, we obtain two interesting implications. First, auctions with a “hard close” may generate higher revenue than those with a “soft close.” Second, contrary to the linkage principle, an auction platform may obtain a higher revenue by hiding the item’s common-value information from the buyers. We also consider markets where both auctions and posted prices are available and show that the presence of experts allows the sellers of high-quality items to signal their quality by choosing to sell via auctions. This paper was accepted by J. Miguel Villas-Boas, marketing.
The Geometry of Model Spaces for
Probability-Preserving Actions of Sofic
Groups
Authors: Austin Tim 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Bowen’s notion of sofic entropy is a powerful invariant for classifying probability-preserving actions
of sofic groups. It can be defined in terms of the covering numbers of certain metric spaces associated
to such an action, the ‘model spaces’.
The metric geometry of these model spaces can exhibit various interesting features, some of which provide
other invariants of the action. This paper explores an approximate connectedness property of the model
spaces, and uses it give a new proof that certain groups admit factors of Bernoulli shifts which are not
Bernoulli. This was originally proved by Popa. Our proof covers fewer examples than his, but provides additional
information about this phenomenon.
New biological treatment targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis in contaminated wastewater using lysing enzymes coupled to magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Nguyen Dao Q. , Duong Phuong T. , Nguyen Hieu M. , Nam Nguyen Hoang , Luong Nguyen Hoang , Pham Yen 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Wastewater from hospitals and facilities that receive patients infected with contagious microorganisms has dense concentrations of these pathogens, which may represent a threat to public health. Thus, proper wastewater treatment to remove these contaminants before discharging to the sewage system has been a great concern to the society. Aside from chemical and physical treatment, biological alternatives have been more widely studied and implemented for wastewater processing to avoid unwanted effects and to lower the costs. This study aimed to use lysing enzymes coupled to magnetic amino nanoparticles functionalized with specific antibodies (NP-NH2-antibody) to treat wastewater contaminated with targeted contagious pathogens, initially with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a highly persistent bacterium. The generated complexes captured Mycobacterium bovis in Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG; tuberculosis vaccine), which was subsequently lysed by lysozyme and lipase. The result showed that single complexes (functionalized with either enzyme or antibody) worked more efficiently than dual complexes (coupled to both proteins) and the complexes could be stored refrigerated stably for at least two months. The preliminary assessment of this method in treating wastewater model samples spiked with BCG vaccine showed evidence for the bacteria being captured and eliminated. Further optimization is necessary to implement these complexes in treating pathogen-contaminated wastewater.
GPs, nurses and pharmacists as prescribers in primary care: an exploration using the social identity approach / Hausärzte/-innen, Diplomierte Pflegefachpersonen und Apotheker/-innen als Arzneimittelverschreiber/-innen: eine Exploration mit dem Ansatz der Sozialen Identität
Authors: Weiss Marjorie C , Platt Jo , Riley Ruth , Horrocks Susan 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The social identity approach was used to explore the inter-professional relations between nurse prescribers, pharmacist prescribers and general practitioners (GPs) in primary care in the United Kingdom. We investigated their social identities as prescribers, the influence of social structure in practice settings and the implications for further development of nurse and pharmacist prescribing. Interviews were conducted with 21 GPs, nurse prescribers and pharmacist prescribers in primary care from the south of England. Five themes emerged, including the ambiguous social identity of some nurse and pharmacist prescribers (‘a no man’s land’), constraining social structures (‘the doctor is king’), the content of GPs’ social identity (‘subtle prescribing’), the content of nurse and pharmacists’ social identity (‘more than just competent’) and context (‘engaging with each other’s identities’). At some GP practices, there was a willingness to engage with the different social identities and reframe them within the organisational context of a GP surgery. At these sites, where social identities were respected and supported, the social identity approach offered insight into how the resulting teamwork could lead to a shared practice identity focused on multi-disciplinary working. This research provides evidence of how professional and organisational identities can be enhanced and supported. Further, there is the potential for an intervention using the social identity approach to improve patient care.
Interactive learning: developing an eSimulation portal framework
Authors: Tobail Ayman , Crowe John , Arisha Amr 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe emerging eLearning paradigm is becoming increasingly used in many academic disciplines. The concept acknowledges learning processes that no longer deploy only traditional teaching methods. It can be argued that today’s third level education students are part of a new virtual era where the blackboard has been replaced by the interactive whiteboard, so more interactive and virtually orientated teaching aids are required to assist in the transition from traditional learning to eLearning. The key objective of this paper is to propose a simulation-based learning framework that integrates web-based simulation and a web content management hierarchy model. Using the highly complex subject of supply chain management as a field of study, the newly developed eSimulation tool allows users to examine various management strategies in real-life scenarios, encourages group work and offers remote access capabilities for distance learning. Interactive learning is facilitated using a web-based portal, enabling instructors to demonstrate the complexity of decisions in multiple criteria environments and also demonstrate the impact of various strategies on performance to the users. eSimulation creates an animated experience and better understanding of the system dynamics of decision-making processes. The portal interface is friendly and, hence, has the potential to be applied in other subject areas.
Change detection in the Cox–Ingersoll–Ross model
Authors: Pap Gyula , Szabó Tamás T. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
We propose an offline change detection method for the famous
Cox–Ingersoll–Ross model based on a continuous sample.
We develop one- and two-sided testing procedures for both drift parameters of the process.
The test process is based on estimators that are motivated by the discrete time least-squares estimators,
and its asymptotic distribution under the no-change hypothesis is that of a Brownian bridge.
We prove the asymptotic weak consistence of the test, and derive the asymptotic properties of the
change-point estimator under the alternative hypothesis of change at one point in time.
Regioselective C-3 arylation of coumarins with arylhydrazines via radical oxidation by potassium permanganate
Authors: Yuan Jin-Wei , Li Wei-Jie , Yang Liang-Ru , Mao Pu , Xiao Yong-Mei 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
An efficient protocol for oxidative C-3 arylation of coumarins with arylhydrazine has been developed using potassium permanganate as an oxidant. The arylated coumarins with different electronic properties were obtained in moderate to good yields. The developed protocol for direct C-3 arylation of coumarins could be extended to quinolinones.