bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Differential Pulse Voltammetry to Determine the Efficiency of Stripping Tocopherols from Commercial Fish Oil
Authors: Lubeckyj Rachele A. , Winkler‐Moser Jill K. , Fhaner Matthew J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThere has been an increase in the use of electrochemical methods for monitoring antioxidant levels in a variety of disciplines due to the sensitivity, low detection limits, ease of use, low cost and rapid analysis time offered by these techniques. One technique that has received specific attention is differential pulse voltammetry. We describe a novel application of differential pulse voltammetry to quantitatively and qualitatively determine the efficiency of removing tocopherols from commercial fish oil via column chromatographic separation. The relative limits of detection and quantitation of differential pulse voltammetry are compared to HPLC for determining the removal of tocopherols from commercial fish oil. It was determined that differential pulse voltammetry can monitor the separation of commercially added antioxidants from the bulk sample via a decrease in antioxidant oxidation currents. Furthermore, the limits of detection and quantitation were found to be comparable with values obtained using HPLC for tocopherol identification and quantitation.
Polycentric banking and macroeconomic stability
Authors: Salter Alexander William , Tarko Vlad 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe contribute to the post-crisis literature on macroeconomic stability by arguing that polycentric banking systems can better achieve stability than monocentric systems. Building on the theories of E. Ostrom, we engage the literature on free banking systems to show that these systems met the requirements of polycentric governance systems, and that the unintentional result of the underlying governance institutions was macroeconomic stability. In contrast, modern central banking, because it is monocentric, lacks important features regarding knowledge aggregation and incentive compatibility conducive to generating macroeconomic stability. We conclude by discussing various legal barriers that stand in the way of a transition from monetary monocentrism to monetary polycentrism.
BEING(S): MARK ANDRE'S COMPOSITIONAL RESPONSE TO A SYNTHETIC EXISTENCE
Authors: Jones Stephanie 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDuring the 2014 International Summer Course for New Music in Darmstadt, Berlin-based composer Mark Andre (b. 1964, Paris) lectured specifically on how his own compositional practice is concerned with ‘interstices that occur between compositional polarities – the affect, the appearance, the families of time and sound, the families of impulse responses – before they unfold themselves fragile, shadowy, breathlessly and fade away’. Drawing upon Andre's teachings at Darmstadt, as well as certain theories on existence put forward by Michel Foucault, Jean-Luc Nancy, Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, and Pierre Boulez, this article will work to prise open and unfold a broad, contextual backdrop for theorising the composer's own compositional practice. In particular, this article will argue that Andre, like the authors named above, uses the position of interstices to contest the working of ‘synthetic’ structure in (Western) civilisation, and so relieve, even if momentarily – by allowing ‘being’ to freely resonate, even speak – any notion of synthetic impingement.
EarTaxi Festival, Chicago
Authors: Holloway-Nahum Aaron 
Published: March 2017

I so wanted to write something about how extraordinary, how diverse, how friendly, the New Music community in Chicago and environs is. About how righteous [Augusta Read Thomas's] decision was to focus on this remarkably expansive midwestern meta-alt-community. About how good the music is, and will be, and the performers and their performances. About the unique pleasure of unanticipated audition. But it is now mid-July, and the old Brecht line about ‘these times’ coils my mind like a childish superstition: ‘A conversation about trees is almost a crime’.Seth Brodsky, EarTaxi Programme Book
This review of the EarTaxi Festival, a beautiful, vibrant, kaleidoscope of events that celebrated New Music from every corner of Chicago in six days in October 2016, was written on 10 November 2016. There were 32 events featuring more than 350 Chicago musicians performing music by 88 Chicago composers. The festival gave 54 World Premieres, and included five sound installations, a colloquium from George Lewis, numerous panel discussions and countless drinks and meals with friends old and new throughout the week. But at the moment of writing, as I was casting my mind back over the concerts, many of the same musicians and composers were outside Trump Tower in Chicago, protesting the election of a man elected on a platform that demonised, belittled and threatened the very idea of a community and festival built on diversity, the global-nature of music-making and inclusion.
Neural Transplantation in Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Christie S.D. , Mendez I. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT:Although medical advancements have significantly increased the survival of spinal cord injury patients, restoration of function has not yet been achieved. Neural transplantation has been studied over the past decade in animal models as a repair strategy for spinal cord injury. Although spinal cord neural transplantation has yet to reach the point of clinical application and much work remains to be done, reconstructive strategies offer the greatest hope for the treatment of spinal cord injury in the future. This article presents the scientific basis of neural transplantation as a repair strategy and reviews the current status of neural transplantation in spinal cord injury.
P300 in Behcet's Patients without Neurological Manifestations
Authors: Kececi Hulusi , Akyol Melih 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT:Objective:Behcet's disease is the association of recurrent aphthous stomatitis with genital ulceration and eye disease. Neurologic involvement patterns include meningomyelitis, a brain stem syndrome, pyramidal and extrapyramidal abnormality and stroke. In the present study, subclinical involvement was investigated by using P300 in Behcet's patients without neurological manifestation.Methods:Fifteen patients and 15 healthy volunteers were accepted for the study. P300 from vertex (Cz) electrode sites of the 10-20 system using electrodes and motor response time were recorded.Results:Patients had significantly prolonged latencies of P300 as compared to normal controls (p=0.013) but no significant differences in amplitude (p=1.000). Patients showed a significantly delayed motor response time than controls (p=0.006). Nine patients (60 %) had P300 latency and eight patients (53.3 %) had motor response time values exceeding the mean of controls by two standard deviations.Conclusion:The findings suggest that the P300 measures and motor response time may reflect subclinical neurologic involvement in Behcet's disease.
Biogenic Amine Metabolites and Thiamine in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Heredo-Degenerative Ataxias
Authors: Botez M.I. , Young S.N. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT:Background:The aims of the present study were: i) to measure levels of the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid (HVA), the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxindoleacetic acid (5HIAA) and precursor tryptophan, as well as the noradrenaline metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylene glycol (MHPG) and thiamine in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with Friedreich's ataxia (FA), olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA), and the autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSAC), as compared with sex- and age-matched control subjects.Patients and methods:CSF amine related compound levels and thiamine results were compared in 40 FA, 44 OPCAand nine ARSAC patients with those of 94 sex- and age-matched subjects. Neuroimaging (CT scans and single photon emission computed tomographies i.e. SPECT) were carried out in all patients and controls. Genetic studies were conducted on OPCApatients. CSF amine related compounds were measured by high performance liquid chromatography, whereas CSF thiamine levels were measured by a microbiological method.Results:FA patients had significantly lower CSF HVA, 5HIAA and thiamine values than control patients and a trend for lower MHPG levels. In OPCA patients, CSF HVA, MHPG and thiamine values were markedly lower whereas CSF 5HIAA values showed only a trend towards lower levels; in ARSAC patients only thiamine and HVA CSF values were lower than those in control subjects.Conclusion:After presenting the relationships between neurochemical findings on one side, the degree of ataxia, the degree of cerebellar atrophy and the SPECT findings on the other, the authors concluded that replacement and neuroprotective clinical trials in these patients would have to include two or three drugs because the neurotransmitter deficiencies are multiple.
Translational repression by a miniature inverted-repeat transposable element in the 3′ untranslated region
Authors: Shen Jianqiang , Liu Juhong , Xie Kabin , Xing Feng , Xiong Fang , Xiao Jinghua , Li Xianghua , Xiong Lizhong 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTransposable elements constitute a substantial portion of eukaryotic genomes and contribute to genomic variation, function, and evolution. Miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs), as DNA transposons, are widely distributed in plant and animal genomes. Previous studies have suggested that retrotransposons act as translational regulators; however, it remains unknown how host mRNAs are influenced by DNA transposons. Here we report a translational repression mechanism mediated by a stowaway-like MITE (sMITE) embedded in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of Ghd2, a member of the CCT (CONSTANS [CO], CO-LIKE and TIMING OF CAB1) gene family in rice. Ghd2 regulates important agronomic traits, including grain number, plant height and heading date. Interestingly, the translational repression of Ghd2 by the sMITE mainly relies on Dicer-like 3a (OsDCL3a). Furthermore, other MITEs in the 3′-UTRs of different rice genes exhibit a similar effect on translational repression, thus suggesting that MITEs may exert a general regulatory function at the translational level.
The Role of Super-Atom Molecular Orbitals in Doped Fullerenes in a Femtosecond Intense Laser Field
Authors: Xiong Hui , Mignolet Benoit , Fang Li , Osipov Timur , Wolf Thomas J. A. , Sistrunk Emily , Gühr Markus , Remacle Francoise , Berrah Nora 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe interaction of gas phase endohedral fullerene Ho3N@C80 with intense (0.1–5 × 1014 W/cm2), short (30 fs), 800 nm laser pulses was investigated. The power law dependence of Ho3N@C80q+, q = 1–2, was found to be different from that of C60. Time-dependent density functional theory computations revealed different light-induced ionization mechanisms. Unlike in C60, in doped fullerenes, the breaking of the cage spherical symmetry makes super atomic molecular orbital (SAMO) states optically active. Theoretical calculations suggest that the fast ionization of the SAMO states in Ho3N@C80 is responsible for the n = 3 power law for singly charged parent molecules at intensities lower than 1.2 × 1014 W/cm2.
Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex modulates attention and pain in fibromyalgia: randomized clinical trial
Authors: Silva Adriana Ferreira , Zortea Maxciel , Carvalho Sandra , Leite Jorge , Torres Iraci Lucena da Silva , Fregni Felipe , Caumo Wolnei 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCognitive dysfunction in fibromyalgia patients has been reported, especially when increased attentional demands are required. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has been effective in modulating attention. We tested the effects of a single session of tDCS coupled with a Go/No-go task in modulating three distinct attentional networks: alertness, orienting and executive control. Secondarily, the effect on pain measures was evaluated. Forty females with fibromyalgia were randomized to receive active or sham tDCS. Anodal stimulation (1 mA, 20 min) was applied over the DLPFC. Attention indices were assessed using the Attention Network Test (ANT). Heat pain threshold (HPTh) and tolerance (HPTo) were measured. Active compared to sham tDCS led to increased performance in the orienting (mean difference [MD] = 14.63) and executive (MD = 21.00) attention networks. There was no effect on alertness. Active tDCS increased HPTh as compared to sham (MD = 1.93) and HPTo (MD = 1.52). Regression analysis showed the effect on executive attention is mostly independent of the effect on pain. DLPFC may be an important target for neurostimulation therapies in addition to the primary motor cortex for patients who do not respond adequately to neurostimulation therapies.
Tripole-mode and quadrupole-mode solitons in (1 + 1)-dimensional nonlinear media with a spatial exponential-decay nonlocality
Authors: Dai Zhiping , Yang Zhenjun , Ling Xiaohui , Zhang Shumin , Pang Zhaoguang , Li Xingliang , Wang Youwen 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe approximate analytical expressions of tripole-mode and quadrupole-mode solitons in (1 + 1)-dimensional nematic liquid crystals are obtained by applying the variational approach. It is found that the soliton powers for the two types of solitons are not equal with the same parameters, which is much different from their counterparts in the Snyder-Mitchell model (an ideal and typical strongly nolocal nonlinear model). The numerical simulations show that for the strongly nonlocal case, by expanding the response function to the second order, the approximate soliton solutions are in good agreement with the numerical results. Furthermore, by expanding the respond function to the higher orders, the accuracy and the validity range of the approximate soliton solutions increase. If the response function is expanded to the tenth order, the approximate solutions are still valid for the general nonlocal case.
Room-temperature helimagnetism in FeGe thin films
Authors: Zhang S. L. , Stasinopoulos I. , Lancaster T. , Xiao F. , Bauer A. , Rucker F. , Baker A. A. , Figueroa A. I. , Salman Z. , Pratt F. L. , Blundell S. J. , Prokscha T. , Suter A. , Waizner J. , Garst M. , Grundler D. , van der Laan G. , Pfleiderer C. , Hesjedal T. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractChiral magnets are promising materials for the realisation of high-density and low-power spintronic memory devices. For these future applications, a key requirement is the synthesis of appropriate materials in the form of thin films ordering well above room temperature. Driven by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, the cubic compound FeGe exhibits helimagnetism with a relatively high transition temperature of 278 K in bulk crystals. We demonstrate that this temperature can be enhanced significantly in thin films. Using x-ray scattering and ferromagnetic resonance techniques, we provide unambiguous experimental evidence for long-wavelength helimagnetic order at room temperature and magnetic properties similar to the bulk material. We obtain αintr = 0.0036 ± 0.0003 at 310 K for the intrinsic damping parameter. We probe the dynamics of the system by means of muon-spin rotation, indicating that the ground state is reached via a freezing out of slow dynamics. Our work paves the way towards the fabrication of thin films of chiral magnets that host certain spin whirls, so-called skyrmions, at room temperature and potentially offer integrability into modern electronics.
White Matter and Gray Matter Segmentation in 4D Computed Tomography
Authors: Manniesing Rashindra , Oei Marcel T. H. , Oostveen Luuk J. , Melendez Jaime , Smit Ewoud J. , Platel Bram , Sánchez Clara I. , Meijer Frederick J. A. , Prokop Mathias , van Ginneken Bram 
Published: March 2017

AbstractModern Computed Tomography (CT) scanners are capable of acquiring contrast dynamics of the whole brain, adding functional to anatomical information. Soft tissue segmentation is important for subsequent applications such as tissue dependent perfusion analysis and automated detection and quantification of cerebral pathology. In this work a method is presented to automatically segment white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) in contrast- enhanced 4D CT images of the brain. The method starts with intracranial segmentation via atlas registration, followed by a refinement using a geodesic active contour with dominating advection term steered by image gradient information, from a 3D temporal average image optimally weighted according to the exposures of the individual time points of the 4D CT acquisition. Next, three groups of voxel features are extracted: intensity, contextual, and temporal. These are used to segment WM and GM with a support vector machine. Performance was assessed using cross validation in a leave-one-patient-out manner on 22 patients. Dice coefficients were 0.81 ± 0.04 and 0.79 ± 0.05, 95% Hausdorff distances were 3.86 ± 1.43 and 3.07 ± 1.72 mm, for WM and GM, respectively. Thus, WM and GM segmentation is feasible in 4D CT with good accuracy.
Peptide-Au Clusters Induced Tumor Cells Apoptosis via Targeting Glutathione Peroxidase-1: The Molecular Dynamics Assisted Experimental Studies
Authors: Liu Meiqing , Gao Liang , Zhao Lina , He Jian , Yuan Qing , Zhang Peng , Zhao Yawei , Gao Xueyun 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe original motivation of the article is to give a systematic investigation on the protocol of combining computer simulation and accurate synthesis of serial peptide protected gold clusters for potent tumor targeting therapy. Glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1) is a crucial antioxidant selenoenzyme that regulates cellular redox level, thus becomes a potential target in cancer treatment. We firstly utilize molecular dynamic (MD) simulation to rationally design and screen serial peptide-Au cluster compounds with special peptide sequences and precise gold atoms, which can recognize and bind specific domain of GPx-1 with high affinity. The theoretical simulations were further verified by the following peptide-Au clusters synthesis and GPx-1 activity suppression studies in buffer and cells, respectively. Further cytological experiments corroborated that peptide-Au clusters are promising nanoparticles inducing tumor cells apoptosis by suppressing GPx-1 activity and increasing higher cellular reactive oxygen species level to initiate tumor cell apoptosis through intrinsic mitochondrial pathway.
Risk factors for avian influenza virus contamination of live poultry markets in Zhejiang, China during the 2015–2016 human influenza season
Authors: Wang Xiaoxiao , Wang Qimei , Cheng Wei , Yu Zhao , Ling Feng , Mao Haiyan , Chen Enfu 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLive bird markets (LBMs), being a potential source of avian influenza virus, require effective environmental surveillance management. In our study, a total of 2865 environmental samples were collected from 292 LBMs during the 2015–2016 human influenza season from 10 cities in Zhejiang province, China. The samples were tested by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Field investigations were carried out to investigate probable risk factors. Of the environmental samples, 1519 (53.0%) were contaminated by A subtype. The highest prevalence of the H9 subtype was 30.2%, and the frequencies of the H5 and H7 subtype were 9.3% and 17.3%, respectively. Hangzhou and Jinhua cities were contaminated more seriously than the others. The prevalence of H5/H7/H9 in drinking water samples was highest, at 50.9%, and chopping board swabs ranked second, at 49.3%. Duration of sales per day, types of live poultry, LBM location and the number of live poultry were the main risk factors for environmental contamination, according to logistic regression analysis. In conclusion, LBMs in Zhejiang were contaminated by avian influenza. Our study has provided clues for avian influenza prevention and control during the human influenza season, especially in areas where LBMs are not closed.
Vascular Permeability Drives Susceptibility to Influenza Infection in a Murine Model of Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Karlsson Erik A. , Oguin Thomas H. , Meliopoulos Victoria , Iverson Amy , Broadnax Alexandria , Yoon Sun-Woo , Pestina Tamara , Thomas Paul , Webby Richard , Schultz-Cherry Stacey , Rosch Jason W. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSickle cell disease (SCD) is a major global health concern. Patients with SCD experience disproportionately greater morbidity and mortality in response to influenza infection than do others. Viral infection is one contributing factor for the development of Acute Chest Syndrome (ACS), a major cause of morbidity and mortality in SCD patients. We determined whether the heightened sensitivity to influenza infection could be reproduced in the two different SCD murine models to ascertain the underlying mechanisms of increased disease severity. In agreement with clinical observations, we found that both genetic and bone marrow-transplanted SCD mice had greater mortality in response to influenza infection than did wild-type animals. Despite similar initial viral titers and inflammatory responses between wild-type and SCD animals during infection, SCD mice continued to deteriorate and failed to resolve the infection, resulting in increased mortality. Histopathology of the lung tissues revealed extensive pulmonary edema and vascular damage following infection, a finding confirmed by heightened vascular permeability following virus challenge. These findings implicate the development of exacerbated pulmonary permeability following influenza challenge as the primary factor underlying heightened mortality. These studies highlight the need to focus on prevention and control strategies against influenza infection in the SCD population.
The mechanics clarifying counterclockwise rotation in most IVF eggs in mice
Authors: Ishimoto Kenta , Ikawa Masahito , Okabe Masaru 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn mammalian fertilization, a small spermatozoon interacts with an egg that is a few thousand times larger in volume. In spite of the big difference in size and mass, when spermatozoa are bound to eggs, they begin rotating the eggs in in vitro observation. This was dubbed the ‘fertilization dance’. Interestingly, some papers reported that the rotation was counterclockwise, although the reason for this skewed rotation was not clarified. We focused on a chirality of helical beating of spermatozoa and found that eggs rotate counterclockwise in simulations under a certain geometrical condition where the eggs were situated. This theory of egg rotation was validated by demonstrating egg rotation in a clockwise direction by floating eggs to the upper surface of the IVF medium. The enigma of skewed rotation of IVF eggs was clarified.