bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF THE APPLICABILITY OF A CHILD-APPROPRIATE HIGH THROUGHPUT HPLC-MS/MS METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ENALAPRIL AND ENALAPRILAT IN SMALL SAMPLE VOLUMES OF SERUM AND URINE WITHIN A GCLP-COMPLIANT ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Schäfer Julia , Burckhardt Björn B. , Tins Jutta , Läer Stephanie 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundHeart failure is a life-threatening disease in neonates up to adolescents. The angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril is a recommended therapy in paediatric heart failure, although it is not labelled for patients Objective: Proof of concept of the paediatric tailored assays by verification of the reliable conduct of sample analysis according to international bioanalytical guidelines and determination of enalapril and its active metabolite enalaprilat in the LENA phase I study.MethodsAll LENA phase I samples were analysed applying the developed high throughput analysis for enalapril and enalaprilat via HPLC-MS/MS. According to the established LENA GCLP-compliant quality system, the evaluation of all study samples was conducted by using freshly prepared quality standards to obtain calibration curves of enalapril and enalaprilat in serum and urine.ResultsIn total, 22 calibration curves in serum and 7 in urine were required to investigate all samples of the phase I study of LENA. All 29 calibration curves complied with the limits of FDA and EMA bioanalytical guidelines and the applicability of the established high throughput method in the GCLP environment was proven. About 2100 study samples were successfully determined within 26 days.ConclusionThe developed paediatric tailored high throughput HPLC-MS/MS analysis proved its applicability in a GCLP-compliant environment and is suitable for the upcoming phase II and phase III studies of the LENA project focussing on paediatric patients.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement n°602295 (LENA).
Emergency general surgery ‘Hot Clinics’ reduce admission rates and duration of inpatient stay
Authors: Th'ng Francesca , Skouras Christos , Paterson-Brown Alice , Ravindran Rajan , Lamb Peter , de Beaux Andrew , Paterson-Brown Simon , Mole Damian J 
Published: December 2015

ObjectiveTo determine the impact of a ‘Hot Clinic’ (HC) on emergency general surgery patient flow-through.DesignProspective service evaluation study.SettingHC is a four-bedded area coordinated by a specialist nurse. The HC consultant sees emergency patients referred from the emergency department, general practitioners or those in preceding 24 h considered suitable for interim discharge while awaiting investigations and HC reassessment.PatientsAll patients with acute abdominal pain were evaluated in three 4 week groups: before (group 1), 1 month (group 2) and 6 months after the HC was introduced (group 3). Interhospital transfers, intrahospital ward referrals and trauma patients were excluded.InterventionIntroduction of consultant-led surgical HC every weekday afternoon.Main outcome measuresProportion of patients admitted under general surgeons, length of inpatient stay and the proportion of patients referred again within 3 months were investigated.Results1409 patients were referred, of which 1061 met the inclusion criteria: 307 in group 1, 326 in group 2 and 428 in group 3. There was no difference in gender distribution (p=0.759). Inpatient admissions were significantly reduced (85.0% vs 78.2% vs 54.4%; p<0.001) and the inpatient duration of stay was significantly shorter after HC introduction (median (IQR) (95% CI) 63.8 (29.0–111.6) (51.8 to 72.8) hours vs 48.8 (21.7–101.2) (42.0 to 55.6) hours vs 47.7 (20.9–92.7) (42.8 to 56.9) hours; p=0.011).ConclusionsEmergency general surgery HCs are associated with significant reductions in admission rates and inpatient bed occupancy. This service redesign has the potential to dramatically relieve pressure on acute surgical services.
Radiolarian evidence for the age of chert blocks from the Upper Cretaceous ophiolitic mélange unit of the Erakh area, Armenia
Authors: Danelian T. , Asatryan G. , Sahakyan L. , Avagyan A. , Galoyan G. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Two new and relatively well-preserved radiolarian faunas were extracted from blocks included in the Cretaceous ophiolitic mélange unit that crops out in the Erakh area south of Yerevan, Armenia. One of these radiolarian assemblages was extracted from cherts that are in stratigraphic contact with variolitic lavas. This radiolarian assemblage suggests a late Aalenian to middle Bajocian age (Unitary Association Zones 2–3) based on the co-occurrence of the species
Parasaturnalis diplocyclis
(Yao) and
Transhsuum hisuikyoense
(Isozaki & Matsuda). A second radiolarian assemblage was obtained from a block, several metres thick, of alternating pelagic limestones and cherts. It was characterized by the co-occurrence of the species
Hemicryptocapsa capita
Tan and
Dicerosaturnalis dicranacanthos
(Squinabol). The presence of these two species within the same assemblage correlates with Unitary Association Zone 17 and these samples are therefore assigned to the late Valanginian. These results suggest that submarine volcanic activity took place during the late Aalenian–middle Bajocian interval and that mixed carbonate and siliceous ooze accumulated during the late Valanginian. Previous biochronological data on Radiolaria from the Erakh mélange and the Vedi ophiolite are reviewed and their implications for the geodynamic and palaeoenvironmental evolution of the Tethyan ocean in Armenia are discussed.
The role of pre-break-up heat flow on the thermal history of a transform margin
Authors: Nemčok M. , Henk A. , Molčan M. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The paper focuses on the Romanche transform margin on the African side of the Equatorial Atlantic, and draws from thermomechanical numerical modelling and subsequent GIS-based thermal history grid processing.
Our modelling indicates that the early post-break-up thermal history of the transform margin is controlled by the cooling patterns of the adjacent pull-apart terrains, the pre-rift heat-flow regime, laterally passing seafloor spreading centres, and cooling of the newly accreted oceanic crust in two corridors located in front of and behind the spreading centres.
The pre-rift thermal regime controls the background heat flow on top of which the thermal transients develop. If it is cold, the transient anomalies are very distinct on this background. If it is warm, the transient anomalies tend to blend in with background heat flow much better. The most prominent anomalies are related to thinning in the pull-apart terrains located between transforms. They are up to three times wider than anomalies related to the laterally passing spreading centre, the anomaly of which becomes no wider than 20–25 km. Together with oceanic crust accreted in corridors in front of and behind the passing centre, its heat transfer into the transform margin tends to slow down the cooling of the syn-break-up anomalies developed in the pull-apart terrains by rifting.
Transform-margin model of hydrocarbon migration: the Guyana–Suriname case study
Authors: Nemčok M. , Rybár S. , Ekkertová P. , Kotulová J. , Hermeston S. A. , Jones D. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The study focuses on the Guyana–Suriname transform margin, utilizing well and reflection seismic data. Both datasets allow the permeability stratigraphy to be interpreted. It consists of areally extensive reservoir horizons separated by intraformational shale horizons and erosional unconformities. The youngest strata are deformed by the two generations of gravity glides, which took place fairly late in post-break-up history.
Hydrocarbon shows from wells indicate that strata deformed by gravity glides are the only sedimentary packages where the vertical hydrocarbon migration dominates. Clusters of oil and gas shows have random spatial distribution in respective reservoir horizons within gravity glides. The base of the rock volume with dominating vertical migration is determined by the detachment horizon of the gravity-glide system. However, the areas unaffected by gravity glides are dominated by lateral migration, causing zonal distribution of oil and gas shows. Oil shows occur in wells penetrating the proximal margin and gas shows are found in wells penetrating the distal margin in respective reservoir horizons. Both sets are fed by the source rock occurring in the oceanic basin and the adjacent distal margin. The best example of this situation is provided by the Paleocene–Eocene reservoirs.
Structure of the Demerara passive-transform margin and associated sedimentary processes. Initial results from the IGUANES cruise
Authors: Loncke L. , Maillard A. , Basile C. , Roest W. R. , Bayon G. , Gaullier V. , Pattier F. , Mercier de Lépinay M. , Grall C. , Droz L. , Marsset T. , Giresse P. , Caprais J. C. , Cathalot C. , Graindorge D. , Heuret A. , Lebrun J. F. , Bermell S. , Marcaillou B. , Sotin C. , Hebert B. , Patriat M. , Bassetti M. A. , Tallobre C. , Buscail R. , Durrieu de Madron X. , Bourrin F. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

The IGUANES cruise took place in May 2013 on the R/V
L'Atalante
along the Demerara passive transform margin off French Guiana and Surinam. Seismic, multibeam and chirp acquisitions were made. Piston cores were collected for pore geochemistry and sedimentology. A mooring was deployed on the sea-bottom for 10 months (temperature, salinity, turbidity and current measurements). This new dataset highlights the lateral variability of the 350 km-long Guiana–Surinam transform margin due to the presence of a releasing bend between two transform segments. The adjacent Demerara Plateau is affected by a 350 km-long giant slide complex. This complex initiated in Cretaceous times and was regularly reactivated until recent times. Since the Miocene, contourite processes seem to be active due to the onset of the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) bottom current. A main NADW water vein flows towards SE, eroding slide headscarps and allowing the deposition of contourite drifts. Numerous depressions looking like comet tails or comet scours record this flow. Some of those were interpreted before the cruise as active pockmarks. Pore geochemistry and core analysis do not show any evidence of present-day gas seepage.
A Causal Approach to the Study of TCP Performance
Authors: Hours Hadrien , Biersack Ernst , Loiseau Patrick 
Published: December 2015

Communication networks are complex systems whose operation relies on a large number of components that work together to provide services to end users. As the quality of these services depends on different parameters, understanding how each of them impacts the final performance of a service is a challenging but important problem. However, intervening on individual factors to evaluate the impact of the different parameters is often impractical due to the high cost of intervention in a network. It is, therefore, desirable to adopt a formal approach to understand the role of the different parameters and to predict how a change in any of these parameters will impact performance.
The approach of causality pioneered by J. Pearl provides a powerful framework to investigate these questions. Most of the existing theory is non-parametric and does not make any assumption on the nature of the system under study. However, most of the implementations of causal model inference algorithms and most of the examples of usage of a causal model to predict intervention rely on assumptions such linearity, normality, or discrete data.
In this article, we present a methodology to overcome the challenges of working with real-world data and extend the application of causality to complex systems in the area of telecommunication networks, for which assumptions of normality, linearity and discrete data do no hold. Specifically, we study the performance of TCP, which is the prevalent protocol for reliable end-to-end transfer in the Internet. Analytical models of the performance of TCP exist, but they take into account the state of network only and disregard the impact of the application at the sender and the receiver, which often influences TCP performance. To address this point, we take as application the file transfer protocol (FTP), which uses TCP for reliable transfer. Studying a well-understood protocol such as TCP allows us to validate our approach and compare its results to previous studies.
We first present and evaluate our methodology using TCP traffic obtained via network emulation, which allows us to experimentally validate the prediction of an intervention. We then apply the methodology to real-world TCP traffic sent over the Internet. Throughout the article, we compare the causal approach for studying TCP performance to other approaches such as analytical modeling or simulation and and show how they can complement each other.
Enumeration and Molecular Characterization of Tumor Cells in Lung Cancer Patients Using a Novel In Vivo Device for Capturing Circulating Tumor Cells
Authors: Gorges Tobias M. , Penkalla Nicole , Schalk Thomas , Joosse Simon A. , Riethdorf Sabine , Tucholski Johannes , Lücke Klaus , Wikman Harriet , Jackson Stephen , Brychta Nora , von Ahsen Oliver , Schumann Christian , Krahn Thomas , Pantel Klaus 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Purpose: The use of circulating tumor cells (CTC) as “liquid biopsy” is limited by the very low yield of CTCs available for subsequent analyses. Most in vitro approaches rely on small sample volumes (5–10 mL).
Experimental Design: Here, we used a novel approach, the GILUPI CellCollector, which enables an in vivo isolation of CTCs from peripheral blood. In total, 50 lung cancer patients were screened in two subsequent device applications before and after therapy (n = 185 applications).
Results: By in vivo isolation, 58% (108/185) of the patients were positive for ≥1 CTC (median, 5 CTCs; range, 1–56 cells) as compared with 27% (23/84; range, 1–300 cells) using the FDA-cleared CellSearch system. Furthermore, we could show that treatment response during therapy was associated with significant decreases in CTC counts (P = 0.001). By dPCR, mutations in the KRAS and EGFR genes relevant for treatment decisions could be detected in CTCs captured by in vivo isolation and confirmed in the primary tumors of the same patients.
Conclusions: In vivo isolation of CTCs overcomes blood volume limitations of other approaches, which might help to implement CTC-based “liquid biopsies” into clinical decision making. Clin Cancer Res; 22(9); 2197–206. ©2015 AACR.
Long-Term Outcome With Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients With Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Santangeli Pasquale , Zado Erica S. , Supple Gregory E. , Haqqani Haris M. , Garcia Fermin C. , Tschabrunn Cory M. , Callans David J. , Lin David , Dixit Sanjay , Hutchinson Mathew D. , Riley Michael P. , Marchlinski Francis E. 
Published: December 2015

Background—
Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy improves short-term VT-free survival. We sought to determine the long-term outcomes of VT control and need for antiarrhythmic drug therapy after endocardial (ENDO) and adjuvant epicardial (EPI) substrate modification in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy.

Methods and Results—
We examined 62 consecutive patients with Task Force criteria for arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy referred for VT ablation with a minimum follow-up of 1 year. Catheter ablation was guided by activation/entrainment mapping for tolerated VT and pacemapping/targeting of abnormal substrate for unmappable VT. Adjuvant EPI ablation was performed when recurrent VT or persistent inducibility after ENDO-only ablation. Endocardial plus adjuvant EPI ablation was performed in 39 (63%) patients, including 13 who crossed over to ENDO–EPI after VT recurrence during follow-up, after ENDO-only ablation. Before ablation, 54 of 62 patients failed a mean of 2.4 antiarrhythmic drugs, including amiodarone in 29 (47%) patients. During follow-up of 56±44 months after the last ablation, VT-free survival was 71% with only a single VT episode in additional 9 patients (15%). At last follow-up, 39 (64%) patients were only on β-blockers or no treatment, 21 were on class 1 or 3 antiarrhythmic drugs (11 for atrial arrhythmias), and 2 were on amiodarone as a bridge to heart transplantation.

Conclusions—
The long-term outcome after ENDO and adjuvant EPI substrate ablation of VT in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy is good. Most patients have complete VT control without amiodarone therapy and limited need for antiarrhythmic drugs.
Expected Future Runoff of the Upper Jordan River Simulated with a CORDEX Climate Data Ensemble
Authors: Smiatek Gerhard , Kunstmann Harald 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Data from five different RCMs run in two experiments from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) are applied together with the Water Flow and Balance Simulation Model (WaSiM) to assess the future availability of water in the upper Jordan River. Simulation results for 1976–2000 show that the modeling system was able to reasonably reproduce the observed discharge rates in the partially karstic complex terrain without bias correction of the precipitation input. For the future climate in the area, the applied CORDEX models indicate an increasing annual mean temperature for 2031–60 by 1.8 K above the 1971–2000 mean and by 2.6 K for 2071–2100. The simulated ensemble mean precipitation is predicted to decrease by 16.3% in the first period and 22.1% at the end of the century. In relation to the mean for 1976–2000, the discharge of the upper Jordan River is simulated to decrease by 7.4% until 2060 and by 17.5% until 2100, together with a reduction of high river flow years.
On common fixed points in modular vector spaces
Authors: Abdou Afrah AN , Khamsi Mohamed A 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn this work, we discuss the concept of Banach operator pairs in modular vector spaces. We prove the existence of common fixed points for these type of operators which satisfy a modular continuity in modular compact sets. On the basis of our result, we are able to give an analog of DeMarr’s common fixed point theorem for a family of symmetric Banach operator pairs in modular vector spaces.
Graph-based motor primitive generation framework
Authors: Sung Yunsick , Kwak Jeonghoon , Park Jong Hyuk 
Published: December 2015

AbstractUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have many potential applications, such as delivery, leisure, and surveillance. To enable these applications, making the UAVs fly autonomously is the key issue, and requires defining UAV motor primitives. Diverse attempts have been made to automatically generate motor primitives for UAVs and robots. However, given that UAVs usually do not fly as expected because of external environmental factors, a novel approach for UAVs needs to be designed. This paper proposes a demonstration-based method that generates a graph-based motor primitive. In the experiment, an AR.Drone 2.0 was utilized. By controlling the AR.Drone 2.0, four motor primitives are generated and combined as a graph-based motor primitive. The generated motor primitives can be performed by a planner or a learner, such as a hierarchical task network or Q-learning. By defining the executable conditions of the motor primitives based on measured properties, the movements of the graph-based motor primitive can be chosen depending on changes in the indoor environment.
Effect of cytokines on Siglec-1 and HIV-1 entry in monocyte–derived macrophages: the importance of HIV-1 envelope V1V2 region
Authors: Jobe Ousman , Trinh Hung V , Kim Jiae , Alsalmi Wadad , Tovanabutra Sodsai , Ehrenberg Philip K , Peachman Kristina K , Gao Guofen , Thomas Rasmi , Kim Jerome H , Michael Nelson L , Alving Carl R , Rao Venigalla B , Rao Mangala 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Monocytes and monocyte–derived macrophages express relatively low levels of CD4. Despite this, macrophages can be effectively infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Macrophages have a critical role in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission; however, the mechanism or mechanisms of virus infection are poorly understood. We report that growth factors, such as granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and macrophage colony-stimulating factor affect the phenotypic profile and permissiveness of macrophages to human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of monocyte–derived macrophages derived from granulocyte macrophage and macrophage colony-stimulating factors was predominantly facilitated by the sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin-1. The number of sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin receptors on macrophage colony-stimulating factor–derived monocyte–derived macrophages was significantly greater than on granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor–derived monocyte–derived macrophages, and correspondingly, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection was greater in the macrophage colony-stimulating factor–derived monocyte–derived macrophages. Single-genome analysis and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction revealed that the differences in infectivity was not due to differences in viral fitness or in viral variants with differential infectivity but was due to reduced viral entry into the granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor–derived monocyte–derived macrophages. Anti-sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin, trimeric glycoprotein 145, and scaffolded V1V2 proteins were bound to sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin and significantly reduced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 entry and infection. Furthermore, sialic acid residues present in the V1V2 region of the envelope protein mediated human immunodeficiency virus type 1 interaction with sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin and entry into macrophage colony-stimulating factor–derived monocyte–derived macrophages. Removal of sialic acid residues or glycans from scaffolded V1V2 protein decreased human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infectivity. These results highlight the importance of sialic acids on the V1V2 region in binding to sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin and suggest that the unusually long surface-exposed sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin might aid in the capture and entry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 into monocyte–derived macrophages.