bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Unlabeled Probe Based High‐Resolution Melting Analysis for Detection of Filaggrin Gene Mutation c.3321delA
Authors: Zhong Wei‐Long , Wang Luo , Wu Xia , Zhang Jie , Chen Xiao‐Fan , Zhang Wei , Dou Xia , Yu Bo 
Published: April 2016

BackgroundFilaggrin gene (FLG) plays an important role in skin barrier function, and loss‐of‐function mutations of FLG have been shown to be a predisposing factor for atopic dermatitis (AD). The c.3321delA mutation is the most common FLG mutation in Chinese population. We aim to develop a rapid, cost‐efficiency, and reliable closed‐tube method that has not been described for the detection of c.3321delA mutation.MethodsRecombinant wild‐type and mutant plasmids of c.3321delA mutation were constructed, heterozygous mutant plasmids were prepared by mixing the mutant plasmids and wild‐type plasmids at 1:1 ratio. High‐resolution melting analysis (HRMA) coupled with an unlabeled DNA probe was employed to identify the shift in melting temperature of the probe–template complex, which reflects the presence of c.3321delA mutation.ResultsUnlabeled probe based HRMA was able to distinguish all three genotypes (wild‐type, heterozygote, and mutant) of c.3321delA mutation. Then, we applied this method to genotype 1,317 clinical samples. Genotyping results obtained from unlabeled probe HRMA were 100% concordant with the results from direct sequencing.ConclusionWe developed a fast and high‐throughput method to detect the c.3321delA mutation.
How Informative Are Drug‐Drug Interactions of Gene‐Drug Interactions?
Authors: Lagishetty Chakradhar V. , Deng Jiexin , Lesko Lawrence J. , Rogers Hobart , Pacanowski Michael , Schmidt Stephan 
Published: April 2016

AbstractFDA recommendations to manage polymorphic CYP‐mediated drug‐drug interactions (DDIs) and gene‐drug interactions (GDIs) are typically similar. However, DDIs may not always reliably predict GDIs because the victim drug may have multiple metabolic pathways and the perpetrator drug may affect multiple enzymes or transporters. Consequently, it is of great interest to both the pharmaceutical industry and regulatory agencies to determine if DDI studies can be leveraged to inform GDIs or vice versa for dose adjustment and labeling. The objective of this study was to investigate under what circumstances DDIs can be used to predict GDIs for prototypical CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 substrates. We investigated model substrates for CYP2D6 (metoprolol, dextromethorphan, atomoxetine, and vortioxetine), CYP2C9 (warfarin, flurbiprofen, and celecoxib), and CYP2C19 (omeprazole and clopidogrel). Data on drug exposure for poor metabolizers (GDI) and for DDIs mediated by strong/moderate inhibitors in extensive metabolizers were collected. The impact of DDIs and GDIs on drug exposure was compared using: (1) a descriptive and (2) a physiologically based pharmacokinetic convergence analysis. Results from both approaches indicate that information on DDIs can be used to reliably predict GDIs for CYP2D6 substrates. The situation is more complex for CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 substrates because dose of the inhibitor (CYP2C9) and potency of the inhibitor (CYP2C19) impact the extent to which perpetrator drugs phenotypically convert extensive metabolizers to poor(er) metabolizers.
Interhospital transfer handoff practices among US tertiary care centers: A descriptive survey
Authors: Herrigel Dana J. , Carroll Madeline , Fanning Christine , Steinberg Michael B. , Parikh Amay , Usher Michael 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUNDInterhospital transfer is an understudied area within transitions of care. The process by which hospitals accept and transfer patients is not well described. National trends and best practices are unclear.OBJECTIVETo describe the demographics of large transfer centers, to identify common handoff practices, and to describe challenges and notable innovations involving the interhospital transfer handoff process.DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTSA convenience sample of 32 tertiary care centers in the United States was studied. Respondents were typically transfer center directors surveyed by phone.MAIN MEASURESData regarding transfer center demographics, handoff communication practices, electronic infrastructure, and data sharing were obtained.RESULTSThe median number of patients transferred each month per receiving institution was 700 (range, 250–2500); on average, 28% of these patients were transferred to an intensive care unit. Transfer protocols and practices varied by institution. Transfer center coordinators typically had a medical background (78%), and critical care–trained registered nurse was the most prevalent (38%). Common practices included: mandatory recorded 3‐way physician‐to‐physician conversation (84%) and mandatory clinical status updates prior to patient arrival (81%). However, the timeline of clinical status updates was variable. Less frequent transfer practices included: electronic medical record (EMR) cross‐talk availability and utilization (23%), real‐time transfer center documentation accessibility in the EMR (32%), and referring center clinical documentation available prior to transport (29%). A number of innovative strategies to address challenges involving interhospital handoffs are reported.CONCLUSIONSInterhospital transfer practices vary widely amongst tertiary care centers. Practices that lead to improved patient handoffs and reduced medical errors need additional prospective evaluation. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2016;11:413–417. © 2016 Society of Hospital Medicine
Dynamically scaled phantom phase contrast MRI compared to true‐scale computational modeling of coronary artery flow
Authors: Beier Susann , Ormiston John A. , Webster Mark W. , Cater John E. , Norris Stuart E. , Medrano‐Gracia Pau , Young Alistair A. , Cowan Brett R. 
Published: April 2016

PurposeTo examine the feasibility of combining computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and dynamically scaled phantom phase‐contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC‐MRI) for coronary flow assessment.Materials and MethodsLeft main coronary bifurcations segmented from computed tomography with bifurcation angles of 33°, 68°, and 117° were scaled‐up ∼7× and 3D printed. Steady coronary flow was reproduced in these phantoms using the principle of dynamic similarity to preserve the true‐scale Reynolds number, using blood analog fluid and a pump circuit in a 3T MRI scanner. After PC‐MRI acquisition, the data were segmented and coregistered to CFD simulations of identical, but true‐scale geometries. Velocities at the inlet region were extracted from the PC‐MRI to define the CFD inlet boundary condition.ResultsThe PC‐MRI and CFD flow data agreed well, and comparison showed: 1) small velocity magnitude discrepancies (2–8%); 2) with a Spearman's rank correlation ≥0.72; and 3) a velocity vector correlation (including direction) of r2 ≥ 0.82. The highest agreement was achieved for high velocity regions with discrepancies being located in slow or recirculating zones with low MRI signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNRv) in tortuous segments and large bifurcating vessels.ConclusionCharacterization of coronary flow using a dynamically scaled PC‐MRI phantom flow is feasible and provides higher resolution than current in vivo or true‐scale in vitro methods, and may be used to provide boundary conditions for true‐scale CFD simulations. J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2016;44:983–992.
SAR prediction in adults and children by combining measured B1+ maps and simulations at 7.0 Tesla
Authors: Tiberi Gianluigi , Costagli Mauro , Biagi Laura , Ciantis Alessio De , Fontana Nunzia , Stara Riccardo , Symms Mark Roger , Cosottini Mirco , Guerrini Renzo , Tosetti Michela 
Published: April 2016

PurposeTo predict local and global specific absorption rate (SAR) in individual subjects.Materials and MethodsSAR was simulated for a head volume coil for two imaging sequences: axial T1‐weighted “zero” time‐of‐echo (ZTE) sequence, sagittal T2‐weighted fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR). Two head models (one adult, one child) were simulated inside the coil. For 19 adults and 27 children, measured B1+ maps were acquired, and global (head) SAR estimated by the system was recorded. We performed t‐test between the B1+ in models and human subjects. The B1+ maps of individual subjects were used to scale the SAR simulated on the models, to predict local and global (head) SAR. A phantom experiment was performed to validate SAR prediction, using a fiberoptic temperature probe to measure the temperature rise due to ZTE scanning.ResultsThe normalized B1+ standard deviation in subjects was not significantly different from that of the models (P > 0.68 and P > 0.54). The rise in temperature generated in the phantom by ZTE was 0.3°C; from the heat equation it followed that the temperature‐based measured SAR was 2.74 W/kg, while the predicted value was 3.1 W/kg.ConclusionFor ZTE and FLAIR, limits on maximum local and global SAR were met in all subjects, both adults and children. To enhance safety in adults and children with 7.0 Tesla MR systems, we suggest the possibility of using SAR prediction. J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2016;44:1048–1055.
Numerically simulated exposure of children and adults to pulsed gradient fields in MRI
Authors: Samoudi Amine M. , Vermeeren Gunter , Tanghe Emmeric , Van Holen Roel , Martens Luc , Josephs Wout 
Published: April 2016

PurposeTo determine exposure to gradient switching fields of adults and children in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner by evaluating internal electric fields within realistic models of adult male, adult female, and child inside transverse and longitudinal gradient coils, and to compare these results with compliance guidelines.Materials and MethodsPatients inside x‐, y‐, and z‐gradient coils were simulated using anatomically realistic models of adult male, adult female, and child. The induced electric fields were computed for 1 kHz sinusoidal current with a magnitude of 1 A in the gradient coils. Rheobase electric fields were then calculated and compared to the International Commission on Non‐Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) 2004 and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 2010 guidelines. The effect of the human body, coil type, and skin conductivity on the induced electric field was also investigated.ResultsThe internal electric fields are within the first level controlled operating mode of the guidelines and range from 2.7V m−1 to 4.5V m−1, except for the adult male inside the y‐gradient coil (induced field reaches 5.4V m−1).The induced electric field is sensitive to the coil type (electric field in the skin of adult male: 4V m−1, 4.6V m−1, and 3.8V m−1 for x‐, y‐, and z‐gradient coils, respectively), the human body model (electric field in the skin inside y‐gradient coil: 4.6V m−1, 4.2V m−1, and 3V m−1 for adult male, adult female, and child, respectively), and the skin conductivity (electric field 2.35–4.29% higher for 0.1S m−1 skin conductivity compared to 0.2S m−1).ConclusionThe y‐gradient coil induced the largest fields in the patients. The highest levels of internal electric fields occurred for the adult male model. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:1360–1367.
Risk factors for recurrence in T1‐2N0 gastric cancer in the United States and China
Authors: Cao Liang , Selby Luke V. , Hu Xiang , Zhang Yi , Janjigian Yelena Y. , Tang Laura , Coit Daniel G. , Brennan Murray F. , Strong Vivian E. 
Published: April 2016

IntroductionRecurrence patterns after curative intent gastrectomy for T1‐2N0 gastric adenocarcinoma are poorly defined. We sought to assess timing, patterns, and risk factors for recurrence in patients treated at two high‐volume gastric cancer centers in the United States and China.MethodsBetween 1995 and 2011, 1,058 patients underwent curative intent gastrectomy. Recurrences were classified as locoregional, distant, or peritoneal. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for recurrence.ResultsOverall, 7% (76) of our 1,058 patients from the United States (n = 414) and China (n = 644) recurred. Liver (43%) was the most common site of recurrence in both countries (US: 24%, China: 52%), followed by peritoneum (16%), lymph nodes (10%), and anastomosis (8%). Median time to recurrence was 23 months (US: 30 months, China: 23 months), which decreased with increasing T‐stage (T1a: 27 months, T1b: 24 months, T2: 22 months). Tumor size (P = 0.001), depth of invasion (P = 0.010), histological type (P = 0.022) and lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.001) were independently associated with recurrence.ConclusionPatients infrequently recur following curative intent gastrectomy for T1‐2N0 gastric adenocarcinoma. Almost all recurrences occur between six months and 3 years post‐operatively, most frequently in distant anatomic locations; selective followup during this time period is recommended. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:745–749. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Retrieving absorption coefficients of multiple phytoplankton pigments from hyperspectral remote sensing reflectance measured over cyanobacteria bloom waters
Authors: Wang Guoqing , Lee Zhongping , Mishra Deepak R. , Ma Ronghua 
Published: April 2016

AbstractLight absorption by phytoplankton pigments plays an important role not only in photosynthesis but also in modulating the appearance of water color. Some pigments are markers of phytoplankton classes or species. To better characterize phytoplankton, an inversion model is developed to retrieve the absorption coefficients of multiple pigments from hyperspectral remote sensing reflectance. In the model, the Gaussian functions proposed by Hoepffner and Sathyendranath () were refined and implemented for the estimation of the absorption coefficients of multiple pigments. Application of the inversion model to remote sensing measurements made in cyanobacteria bloom waters resulted in the absorption coefficients of chlorophylls a, b, and c, carotenoid, phycoerythrin, and phycocyanin with the mean absolute relative error under 32% for wavelengths between 400 nm and 700 nm. The results indicate that it is feasible to retrieve the absorption coefficients of multiple pigments from hyperspectral remote sensing reflectance as long as the pigments make adequate contributions to the total absorption coefficient.
Emotional manifestations of PD: Neurobiological basis
Authors: Castrioto Anna , Thobois Stéphane , Carnicella Sebastien , Maillet Audrey , Krack Paul 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTNeuropsychiatric symptoms are common and disabling in PD. Their neurobiological bases are complex, partly because of the disease itself and partly because of the dopaminergic treatment. The aim of this review is to focus on the emotional manifestations stemming from the neurodegenerative process itself. We focus on depression, anxiety, apathy, and fatigue, which can all be part of the clinical spectrum of premotor disease and may be improved or masked by medications targeting parkinsonian motor signs or psychiatric symptoms as the disease progresses. Findings from clinical, neuroimaging, and animal studies are reviewed, showing a major contribution of the dopaminergic system to the pathophysiology of these disabling symptoms. Degeneration of noradrenergic and serotonergic projection systems also has an impact on psychiatric symptoms of PD. The available literature is reviewed, but at present there is a lack of studies that would allow disentangling the separate contribution of each of the monoaminergic systems. The use of a pragmatic classification of all these symptoms under the umbrella of hypodopaminergic behavioral syndrome seems clinically useful, as it emphasizes the crucial, although not exclusive, nature of their dopaminergic neurobiological basis, which has important implications in the clinical management of PD. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
A reinforcement of the sutured microvascular anastomosis with fibrin glue application: A retrospective comparative study with the standard conventional technique
Authors: Cho Alvaro Baik , Paulos Renata Gregorio , Bersani Gustavo , Iamaguchi Raquel Bernardelli , Torres Luciano Ruiz , Wei Teng Hsiang , De Resende Marcelo Rosa , Júnior Rames Mattar 
Published: April 2016

PurposeAlthough a reasonable number of studies report satisfactory results with fibrin glue application in microvascular anastomosis since 1977, its utilization in the clinical setting has being scant in the literature. The aim of this study was to report the cumulated experience with the fibrin glue in free flaps over a period of 10 years, comparing the survival rate with the standard sutured anastomosis.Patients and methodsFrom August 2001 through November 2014, 83 consecutive free flaps were performed by a team of surgeons from two hospitals. About 56 flaps were performed in 56 patients using the fibrin glue augmented microvascular anastomosis and 27 flaps were performed in 27 patients using the conventional anastomosis technique. The decision on whether or not the fibrin glue should be used at the anastomoses was based on its availability and whose surgeon was performing the anastomoses. About approximately 60% of sutures stitches were used that would be used in a conventional anastomosis, when fibrin glue application was anticipated (ranging from 5 to 7 sutures in the arteries and 5 to 8 in the veins).ResultsThe overall survival rate of the flaps performed with fibrin glue application was 92.85%. In one case, a revision of the venous anastomosis was required due to early flap congestion. Four cases (7.14%) had failure of the first free flap and two of them were submitted to another free flap without fibrin glue application. In the flaps performed with the conventional anastomosis technique the survival rate was 92.59%. This difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.97).ConclusionThe application of fibrin glue in microvascular anastomoses did not increase the rate of flap loss and had a potential to reduce the number of sutures required to complete an anastomosis by its sealing effect. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 37:218–221, 2017.
Pain after breast surgery: Etiology, diagnosis, and definitive management
Authors: Broyles Justin M. , Tuffaha Sami H. , Williams Eric H. , Glickman Laurence , George Taylor A. , Lee Dellon A. 
Published: April 2016

BackgroundBreast procedures are among the most common surgeries performed by Plastic Surgeons. The prevalence of persistent pain remains unknown. Our experience has been that persistent breast pain is often related to intercostal nerve trauma. The purpose of this article was to increase awareness of this problem while describing the diagnostic and management strategies for patients with post‐operative breast pain.MethodsA retrospective review of 10 patients with breast pain was stratified according to the index surgical procedures: implant‐based reconstruction (7), breast reduction (1), breast augmentation (1), and mastopexy (1). Outcomes were assessed with a numerical analog score. Physical examination demonstrated painful trigger points along the pathway of one or more intercostal nerves. Prior to surgery, each patient improved ≥5 points after a diagnostic Xylocaine/Marcaine local anesthesia block of the suspected intercostal nerves. At surgery, one or more intercostal nerves were resected and implanted into adjacent muscles.ResultsAt a mean of 16.5 months, there were six excellent, one good, and three poor self‐reported results. Intercostal nerves resected included the intercostal‐brachial (5 patients), 3rd (7 patients), 4th (8 patients), 5th (9 patients), 6th (7 patients), and 7th (1 patient). Multiple intercostal nerves were resected as follows: 3 nerves (4 patients), 4 nerves (1 patient), 5 nerves (3 patients), 6 nerves (1 patient), and 8 nerves (1 patient).ConclusionsIntercostal neuromas can be the source of breast pain following breast surgery. The same clinical and diagnostic approach used for upper and lower extremity neuroma pain can be used in patients with breast pain. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 36:535–538, 2016.
Constructing near spanning trees with few local inspections
Authors: Levi Reut , Moshkovitz Guy , Ron Dana , Rubinfeld Ronitt , Shapira Asaf 
Published: April 2016

AbstractConstructing a spanning tree of a graph is one of the most basic tasks in graph theory. Motivated by several recent studies of local graph algorithms, we consider the following variant of this problem. Let G be a connected bounded‐degree graph. Given an edge e in G we would like to decide whether e belongs to a connected subgraph consisting of edges (for a prespecified constant ), where the decision for different edges should be consistent with the same subgraph . Can this task be performed by inspecting only a constant number of edges in G? Our main results are:

We show that if every t‐vertex subgraph of G has expansion then one can (deterministically) construct a sparse spanning subgraph of G using few inspections. To this end we analyze a “local” version of a famous minimum‐weight spanning tree algorithm.
We show that the above expansion requirement is sharp even when allowing randomization. To this end we construct a family of 3‐regular graphs of high girth, in which every t‐vertex subgraph has expansion . We prove that for this family of graphs, any local algorithm for the sparse spanning graph problem requires inspecting a number of edges which is proportional to the girth.
© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 50, 183–200, 2017
Planung und Ausschreibung der Ertüchtigung der Brücke Grande‐Duchesse Charlotte in Luxemburg mit neuesten Technologien
Authors: Gesella Heiko , Schwarz Wilfried , Didier Gilles 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Brücke Grande‐Duchesse Charlotte liegt auf dem Kirchberg‐Plateau in der Stadt Luxemburg und überspannt das Alzette‐Tal im Zuge des so genannten Boulevard John F. Kennedy, welcher die Nationalstraße N 51 führt. Infolge einer geplanten Nutzungsänderung der Brücke wird die Anpassung ihres Verkehrsquerschnitts erforderlich, welcher durch die Überführung einer zweigleisigen Tramtrasse geprägt wird. Im Rahmen dieser projektierten Maßnahme werden umfassende Verstärkungs‐ und Sanierungsmaßnahmen ausgeführt, um die Dauerhaftigkeit und Tragsicherheit des Bauwerks nach heutigen Standards zu gewährleisten. Die zentrale Maßnahme besteht dabei in der großflächigen Verstärkung der orthotropen Fahrbahnplatte mittels SPS‐Overlay.Design and tender of the strengthening of the Grande‐Duchesse Charlotte Bridge in Luxembourg – Modification of the traffic composition by appropriate material usage and design. The brigde Grande‐Duchesse Charlotte is situated between the city of Luxembourg and the quarter of Kirchberg. The steel bridge carries the Boulevard John F. Kennedy, part of the N 51 over the valley of the Alzette. In view of two tramlines the modification of the traffic composition on the bridge deck is necessary. Due to this projected transportation planning several strengthening and rehabilitation measures are planned in order to ensure the durability and carrying capacity according to current engineering standards. The main measure consists in the strengthening of the orthotropic steel deck by the application of a sandwich‐plate‐system overlay.