bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mainstreaming innovative circular economy solutions—A comparative study between entrepreneurs in developed versus emerging markets and developing economies
Authors: Rataj Olga , Kemp René , Mordaszewska Katarzyna 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper aims at enabling the acceleration of CE transitions by offering insights into processes that need to take place to mainstream (or scale from niches to regimes) entrepreneurial solutions in two contexts, i.e., developed versus emerging markets and developing economies. Entrepreneurs play a crucial role in spurring innovation. The emergence of innovative solutions is a prerequisite for unlocking CE transitions. Yet, to sustain the transitions, it is critical that the solutions are mainstreamed. The mainstreaming is facilitated by strategic collective system building activities of entrepreneurs as a necessary but probably not sufficient element of CE transitions. Based on a qualitative approach to assessing such activities, involving an online survey and interviews with entrepreneurs in Austria and Southern Mediterranean, the research results reveal that technological innovation is significantly more important in developed economies in comparison to emerging markets and developing economies, where societal innovation is at the core of CE transitions. Also, raising user awareness and competition with incumbents are significantly more important in emerging markets and developing economies than in developed economies. In both contexts, knowledge development within a company is the key activity enabling mainstreaming of innovative CE solutions.
Serum matrix metalloproteinase‐7, Syndecan‐1, and CA 19‐9 as a biomarker panel for diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yablecovitch Doron , Nadler Moshe , Ben‐Horin Shomron , Picard Orit , Yavzori Miri , Fudim Ella , Duchan Moran Tardio , Sakhnini Emad , Lang Alon , Lahav Maor , Saker Talia , Neuman Sandra , Selinger Limor , Freitz Biana , Dvir Revital , Raitses‐Gurevich Maria , Golan Talia , Levy Idan , Laish Ido 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAims and BackgroundMatrix metalloproteinase‐7 (MMP‐7) and Syndecan‐1 (SDC1) are involved in multiple functions during tumorigenesis. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic performance of these serum proteins, as potential biomarkers, in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and benign pancreatic cysts.MethodsIn this case–control study, patients with newly diagnosed PDAC (N = 121) were compared with the benign cyst (N = 66) and healthy control (N = 48) groups. Serum MMP‐7 and SDC1 were measured by ELISA. The diagnostic accuracy of their levels for diagnosing PDAC and pancreatic cysts was computed, and their association with survival outcomes was evaluated.ResultsMMP‐7 median serum levels were significantly elevated in the PDAC (7.3 ng/mL) and cyst groups (3.7 ng/mL) compared with controls (2.9 ng/mL) (p < 0.001 and 0.02, respectively), and also between the PDAC and cyst groups (p < 0.001), while SDC1 median serum levels were significantly elevated in PDAC (43.3 ng/mL) compared with either cysts (30.1 ng/mL, p < 0.001) or controls (31.2 ng/mL, p < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis area under the curve in PDAC versus controls was 0.90 and 0.78 for MMP‐7 and SDC1, respectively, while it was 1.0 for the combination of the two and CA 19‐9 (p < 0.001). The combination of the three biomarkers had a perfect sensitivity (100%).ConclusionsDue to its high sensitivity, this biomarker panel has the potential to rule out PDAC in suspected cases.
Panax notoginseng Saponins Ameliorate Gamma Radiation‐Mediated Damages in Human Peripheral Blood Monocytes and Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Yang Ming‐Yu , Zhao Xing‐Hua 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIn this study, the protective effects of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) against gamma radiation‐induced DNA damage and associated physiological alterations in Swiss albino mice were investigated. Exposure to gamma radiation led to a dose‐dependent increase in cytokinesis‐blocked micronuclei (CBMN) double‐strand DNA breaks (DSBs), dicentric aberrations (DC), formation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. However, pretreatment with PNS at concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 µg/mL significantly attenuated the frequencies of DC and CBMN in a concentration‐dependent manner. PNS administration before radiation exposure also reduced radiation‐induced DSBs in BL, indicating protection against reactive oxygen species generation and DNA damage. Notably, pretreatment with PNS at 10 µg/mL prevented the overexpression of γ‐H2AX, proteins associated with DNA damage response, in irradiated mice. In addition, in vivo studies showed intraperitoneal administration of PNS (25 mg/kg body weight) for 1 h before radiation exposure mitigated lipid peroxidation levels and restored antioxidant status, countering oxidative damage induced by gamma radiation. Furthermore, PNS pretreatment reversed the decrease in hemoglobin (Hb) content, white blood cell count, and red blood cell count in irradiated mice, indicating preservation of hematological parameters. Overall, PNS demonstrated an anticlastogenic effect by modulating radiation‐induced DSBs and preventing oxidative damage, thus highlighting its potential as a protective agent against radiation‐induced DNA damage and associated physiological alterations. Clinically, PNS will be beneficial for cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy, but their pharmacological properties and toxicity profiles need to be studied.
The Application of Metallic Sn in Sn‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Liang , Zhang Hong , Shen Qing , Hayase Shuzi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNontoxic Sn‐based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) represent a promising alternative to Pb‐based PSCs, given their similar electronic properties and an ideal bandgap, accompanied by the highest theoretical efficiency (>33%). However, the performance of Sn‐based PSCs lags significantly behind their Pb‐based counterparts. This disparity arises from the susceptibility of Sn2+ to easy oxidation to Sn4+, an energy level mismatch, and fast crystilization. It is widely acknowledged that the oxidation of Sn2+ to Sn4+ results in severe P‐type doping, leading to increased recombination, which is a primary factor contributing to the lower device performance. In this perspective article, we summarized the utilization of metallic Sn in Sn‐based PSCs to facilitate the reduction of Sn4+ back to Sn2+. This approach is preferred due to its effectiveness, simplicity in process, and the absence of introducing additional impurities. Moreover, metallic Sn can serve as a source for synthesizing SnI2 and act as hole transport material through transformation from Sn to SnOx. We hope this article serve as a valuable reference for the ongoing development of Sn‐based materials in PSCs technology.
Research advances in molecular mechanisms regulating heat tolerance in cool‐season turfgrasses
Authors: Rossi Stephanie , Huang Bingru 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCool‐season turfgrasses widely used on golf courses, athletic fields, and other landscapes are environmentally and economically important, but they are functionally and aesthetically damaged under prolonged exposure to high temperatures because of their sensitivity to heat stress. Because the consequences of climate change include elevated global temperatures, it is necessary to understand mechanisms underlying heat tolerance in cool‐season turfgrasses to improve heat tolerance and maintain high‐quality turf during the summer, when heat stress is most severe. This paper identifies major metabolic pathways associated with genes differentially expressed in heat‐tolerant cultivars or species of different turfgrasses by overviewing research from studies using comparative transcriptomics, proteomics, and biotechnological approaches and provides insight into progress toward elucidating the genetic and molecular factors regulating heat tolerance in cool‐season turfgrasses. Key molecular factors and genes associated with heat tolerance in cool‐season turfgrasses include those in the following cellular and metabolic processes or pathways: (1) cell cycle and DNA synthesis, replication, stability, and binding factors; (2) heat shock proteins for stress protection and protease enzymes controlling protein degradation or turnover; (3) carbohydrate metabolism for chloroplast development, chlorophyll degradation enzymes regulating the stay‐green phenotype, photochemical efficiency, carboxylation, and cytochrome respiratory activities; (4) activation of antioxidant metabolism for oxidation protection; (5) modulation of lipid saturation and composition to maintain cellular membrane integrity; and (6) upregulation of secondary metabolism for stress defense. Understanding how these regulatory mechanisms cohesively operate during heat stress will facilitate the development of cool‐season turfgrass germplasm with greater heat tolerance through breeding and biotechnological methods.
Role of Hydroxyl Groups in Zn‐containing Nanosized MFI Zeolite for the Photocatalytic Oxidation of Methane
Authors: Piva Diógenes , Fang Geqian , Ghojavand Sajjad , Dalena Francesco , AlHajjar Nour , De Waele Vincent , Ordomsky Vitaly , Khodakov Andrei , Tayeb Karima Ben , Fernandes Tiago , Mintova Svetlana 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe effective conversion of methane to a mixture of more valuable hydrocarbons and hydrogen under mild conditions is a significant scientific and practical challenge. Here, we synthesized Zn‐containing nanosized MFI zeolite for direct oxidation of methane in the presence of H2O and air. The presence of the surface hydroxyl groups on nanosized MFI‐type zeolite and their significant reduction in the Zn‐containing nanosized MFI zeolite were confirmed with Infrared Fourier Transform (FTIR) spectroscopy. Incorporation of zinc atoms into the framework of nanosized MFI zeolite is revealed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, X‐ray Diffraction and UV‐Vis Spectroscopy. Unexpectedly, pure silica MFI zeolite exhibited the highest photocatalytic performance. Our findings demonstrated that large number of isolated silanol groups and silanol nests increase the formation of ⋅OH, and enhance the productivity of oxygenate compounds and C2H6, while the Zn incorporated into the zeolite framework or attached to the silanol nests of the nanosized zeolites are less efficient. A mechanism of photocatalytic methane oxidation is proposed. These findings provide insights into the development of active nanosized zeolite photocatalysts with an extended amount of surface hydroxyl groups that can play a key role in photocatalytic methane conversion.
Comparative analyses of short‐ and long‐term outcomes between endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic laryngo‐pharyngeal surgery for superficial pharyngeal carcinomas
Authors: Fukuhara Motomitsu , Urabe Yuji , Nakamura Takeo , Ishibashi Kazuki , Konishi Hirona , Mizuno Junichi , Takasago Takeshi , Tanaka Hidenori , Tsuboi Akiyoshi , Yamashita Ken , Hiyama Yuichi , Takigawa Hidehiko , Kotachi Takahiro , Yuge Ryo , Ishikawa Akira , Taruya Takayuki , Ueda Tsutomu , Takeno Sachio , Oka Shiro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesEndoscopic treatment of superficial pharyngeal carcinomas includes endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD; usually performed by endoscopists), and endoscopic laryngo‐pharyngeal surgery (ELPS; primarily performed by otolaryngologists). Few studies have compared the efficacy of the two techniques in treating superficial pharyngeal carcinomas. In this study, we compared the outcomes of these two techniques to determine the advantages.MethodsWe retrospectively examined the short‐ and long‐term outcomes of 93 consecutive patients with superficial pharyngeal carcinoma who either underwent an ESD or ELPS between August 2008 and December 2021.ResultsThere were 35 lesions among 29 patients and 93 lesions among 71 patients in the ESD and ELPS groups, respectively. The ELPS group had a significantly shorter procedure time (121.2 ± 97.4 min vs. 54.7 ± 40.2 min, p<0.01), greater procedure speed (0.10 ± 0.06 min/min vs. 0.30 ± 0.23 min/min, p<0.01), and less laryngeal edema than that of the ESD group. There were no significant differences in the 3‐year overall, relapse‐free, or disease‐specific survival rates between the two groups. Intervention with ESD during ELPS was most commonly required when it was difficult to secure the visual field.ConclusionsThere were no differences in batch resection rates or long‐term prognoses between the two groups; nevertheless, the ELPS group had a shorter treatment time and less laryngeal edema than the ESD group. However, the treatment of narrow areas, such as the esophageal inlet patch, is a technical limitation of ELPS; thus, ELPS should be combined with ESD techniques.
Context‐dependent directional effects of termite mounds on soil nutrients, vegetation communities, and mammalian foraging
Authors: Davies Andrew B. , Levick Shaun R. , van Rensburg Berndt J. , Robertson Mark P. , Parr Catherine L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTermite mounds are keystone structures in African savannas, affecting multiple ecosystem processes. Despite the large size of termite mounds having the potential to modify conditions around them, patterns of mound‐induced ecosystem effects have been assumed to be isotropic, with little attention given to how effects might vary around mounds. We measured soil nitrogen content, grass species composition, and mammalian grazing on and off termite mounds in the four cardinal directions, and across wet and dry seasons at three savanna sites varying in mean annual rainfall in South Africa's Kruger National Park. Evidence of directional effects (anisotropy) on ecosystem properties around termite mounds varied with site. Grass species composition differed between north‐ and south‐facing slopes at the two drier sites where mounds were taller. However, differences in grazing extent and soil nitrogen content around mounds were only present at the intermediate rainfall site where mammalian herbivore biomass was highest, and mounds were of medium height. Our results suggest that termite mound effects display significant variation with direction, but that the emergence of directional effects is context dependent. Our results further suggest that such context‐dependent directional effects can lead to positive feedback loops between termites, abiotic conditions, and mammalian herbivores.
Environmental DNA Metabarcoding Details the Spatial Structure of a Diverse Tropical Fish Assemblage in a Major East African River System
Authors: Shechonge Asilatu H. , Collins Rupert A. , Ward Sophie , Saxon Andrew D. , Smith Alan M. , Matiku Patroba , Turner George F. , Kishe Mary A. , Ngatunga Benjamin P. , Genner Martin J. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTManagement and conservation of species‐rich tropical freshwater systems require reliable information on the diversity and distribution of species present. Here, we used environmental DNA metabarcoding to reveal the diversity of the fishes in the Rufiji River catchment of central Tanzania. Across 174 samples from 49 sites, and using a newly developed reference library, we mapped the presence of 66 fish species from an estimated 91 that we are confident are present in the system. We found clear evidence of community structuring of the assemblage linked to key environmental gradients—elevation, temperature, and turbidity. We also identified core distributions of rare or threatened taxa, including migratory species such as the anguillid eels. With a focused analysis of 50 samples collected over a small spatial scale (<2 km) from the Kilombero River, we showed that each single sample can capture an average of 23.1 species, while three samples can capture 39.4 species, from a total of 56 species encountered in the 50 samples. Collectively the results help to identify species vulnerable to ongoing change in the catchment, including dam construction and agricultural intensification. The results clearly demonstrate how eDNA‐based metabarcoding can reliably describe the diversity and distributions of riverine fish species across a catchment, providing standardized information that will be valuable for environmental management.
Hf Isotopes and Detrital Zircon Geochronology of the Silasia Formation, Midyan Terrane, Northwestern Arabian Shield: An Investigation of the Provenance History
Authors: Dessouky Osama K. , Ali Kamal A. , Hassan Mahmoud M. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTU–Pb ages and Hf isotopic data from detrital zircon of the Silasia Formation in the Midyan Terrane record evidence for the provenance and tectonic evolution of the northern Arabian Shield. Given that the youngest acknowledged age of these detritus sediments is 735 ± 13 Ma, it is likely that the Silasia Formation was deposited during the closure of the Mozambique Ocean. The U–Pb ages define a major Mesoproterozoic peak, with two minor peaks of Neoproterozoic and Archean age. Combined with zircon Hf isotopic compositions, the sedimentary detritus of the Silasia Formation was mainly derived from source rocks formed during the Grenville Orogeny during the assembly of Rodinia, with a minor contribution from Archean and Paleoproterozoic crustal material, in addition to a limited arc‐basement supply related to the early Mozambique Ocean. The youngest Concordia age of 735 ± 13 Ma with highly variable εHf(t) values (11 to −35) indicates a complex mixture of sources from juvenile to extremely ancient. The Concordia ages at 1113 ± 11 and 1046 ± 10 Ma have positive hafnium isotope signatures (up to +10.45) that are consistent with juvenile source rocks formed during the Grenville Orogeny. Several detrital zircons with ages of 2622 ± 22 Ma and 2690 ± 7 Ma are similar to those reported in Yemen, whereas 1818 ± 19 Ma, 2071 ± 8 Ma and 2001 ± 19 Ma Paleoproterozoic ages are similar to dated outcrops in the Khida terrane in the eastern Arabian Shield.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of cross‐flow along longitudinally finned flat tube
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed H. , Zaidan Maki H. , Al‐Jethelah Manar S. M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe wide usage of heat exchangers in various industrial applications has attracted the attention of many researchers. An experimental and theoretical study was conducted to investigate the fluid flow across a longitudinal fin flat tube heat exchanger with laminar forced convection. The studied parameters were the dimensionless longitudinal pitch length (, dimensionless transfer pitch (3 ≤ ≤ 5), dimensionless downstream fin length (), dimensionless upstream fin length (), dimensionless downstream fin angle (), and Reynolds number (223 ≤ Re ≤ 1114). The studied air thermophysical properties were assumed constant. The study was conducted under constant surface temperature. The dimensionless pressure drop was reduced by 60.8% (at Re = 223 as increased from 3 to 5), 4.69% (at Re = 1114 as decreased from 5 to 4), 225% (at Re = 223 as decreased from 1 to 0.4), 6.9% (at Re = 1114 as decreased from 1 to 0.4), and 349.9% (at Re = 668 as decreased from 0.79 to 0.26). The difference between the experimental and numerical data was insignificant. Two correlations were developed based on the present experimental and numerical results.
A study of mixed convection magnetohydrodynamics Williamson nanofluid flow over a nonlinear permeable elongating sheet over a porous medium with viscous dissipation
Authors: Karanamu Seetharam , Konda Jayaramireddy , Vali Shaik Kalesha 
Published: September 2024

AbstractConvection, that is, mixed magnetohydrodynamics stream of Williamson nanofluid in excess of a nonlinearly stretchable permeable sheet, has been studied using a mathematical model that includes thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, heat source/sink, chemical reaction, and suction are all examples of thermal radiation are all examples of how heat is dissipated. By availing the controlling similarity transformations, suitable similarity transformations partial differential equations are reduced into the solution of a set of ordinary differential equations that are nonlinear using the homotopy analysis method. There is also a clear approach to get series solutions to converge. There was a strong correlation between the current and past outcomes. Graphs and tables are used to illustrate the nature of the flow field beneath various conditions.
Chromosome 1q21 Aberrations Are Poor Prognostic Factors for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients
Authors: Wang Tongtong , Geng Chuanying , Yang Guangzhong , Zhou Huixing , Zhang Zhiyao , Jian Yuan , Chen Wenming 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundChromosome 1q21 aberrations are one of the most common cytogenetic abnormalities in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). However, the prognostic value remains controversial. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of numerical abnormalities of chromosome 1q21 for newly diagnosed patients with MM patients in Chinese population.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 629 patients with newly diagnosed MM who received the detection of chromosome 1q21 by fluorescence in situ hybridization in China.ResultsAmong 629 patients, 309 (49.1%) had 1q21 abnormalities, of which 187 (29.7%) had three copies and 122 (19.4%) had four or more copies. Patients with two copies of 1q21 had a significantly longer median overall survival (OS) than those with three copies or ≥4 copies and also had longer progression‐free survival (PFS). However, patients with three or ≥4 copies had similar OS and PFS. Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses determined that 1q21 aberrations are associated with shorter OS and PFS. 1q21 aberrations are also independent poor prognostic factors for OS and PFS in multivariable analyses. Del(17p), t(4;14), and t(14;16) are common high‐risk cytogenetic abnormalities (HRCAs) in patients with MM. Patients with 1q21+ alone or 1q21+ combined with HRCAs had shorter OS and PFS than patients without cytogenetic abnormalities. Patients with 1q21+ and t(11;14) also had shorter PFS but had similar OS than patients without cytogenetic abnormalities.ConclusionOur study showed that chromosome 1q21 aberrations are poor prognostic factors for newly diagnosed patients with MM.
Associations between avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder profiles and trauma exposure in veteran men and women
Authors: Mitchell Karen S. , Serier Kelsey N. , Smith Brian N. , Vogt Dawne 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveTrauma exposure, particularly interpersonal trauma, is prevalent among individuals with eating disorders (EDs), and trauma exposure and the subsequent development of posttraumatic stress disorder have been associated with poorer outcomes for ED treatment. To our knowledge, there are no published investigations of trauma exposure among individuals with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), a new diagnosis introduced by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders‐5. We investigated associations between trauma exposure and ARFID profiles in a sample of U.S. military veteran men and women.MethodParticipants in this cross‐sectional study included 1494 veterans randomly selected from the population of post‐9/11 veterans who had separated from military service within the previous 18 months. They completed a survey assessing EDs, including the Nine Item ARFID Screen and trauma exposure.ResultsResults revealed that 9.8% of the sample exceeded cutoffs for any ARFID profile, with the picky eating profile being the most common. Trauma exposure was prevalent among participants who exceeded cutoffs for ARFID, particularly the picky eating profile.DiscussionFindings highlight the importance of addressing EDs, including ARFID, in veterans. It will be important to examine the extent to which trauma and trauma‐related disorders impact treatment outcomes for individuals with ARFID.