bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study on Fiber Extraction after Saturated Steam Softening of Pleioblastus amarus
Authors: Xu Xiaofeng , Fan Xingduo , Gong Zhenhong , Zhang Wei 
Published: October 2024

At present, bamboo fiber is mainly prepared by rolling and carding after employing the alkali boiling softening method, which is not friendly to the environment. In order to obtain a green and environmentally friendly pretreatment method for preparing bamboo fiber, this paper starts with the current bamboo softening technology and explores the impact of various experimental factors on fiber extraction of Pleioblastus amarus (bitter bamboo) after application of the saturated steam softening method through studying the relationship between saturated steam temperature, holding time, moisture content of bamboo strips, fiber yield, fiber fineness, and the mechanical properties of Pleioblastus amarus fiber. Single-factor experiments revealed that optimal softening fiber extraction effects were achieved within a steam temperature range of 150–180 °C, a holding time of 10–30 min, and a moisture content of 12%–22%. Based on these findings, an orthogonal experiment was designed using a factorial-level table. Through the analysis of range, variance, and orthogonal experiment results, combined with the fibrillation effect and the practical application of fibers, the optimal process parameters of the saturated steam softening method for fiber extraction were determined: saturated steam temperature 170 °C, holding time 20 min, and moisture content 12%. In contrast to the method of conventional mechanical fiber extraction after alkali boiling softening treatment, bamboo fibers processed utilizing the optimized conditions of the saturated steam softening technique showcase a substantial 63% elevation in fiber yield, a notable 18% reduction in fiber fineness, a commendable 28% enhancement in fiber tensile strength, an equivalent tensile modulus, and a marked 53% decrease in elongation at break. The softening process can provide a green and environmentally friendly treatment method for bamboo fiber extraction and greatly promote the scope of application of Pleioblastus amarus.
A Synbiotic Combining Chitin–Glucan and Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM Induces a Colonic Molecular Signature Soothing Intestinal Pain and Inflammation in an Animal Model of IBS
Authors: Capirchio Lena , Rousseaux Christel , Dubuquoy Caroline , Ouwehand Arthur C. , Maquet Véronique , Modica Salvatore , Louis Edouard , Desreumaux Pierre , Tack Jan 
Published: October 2024

Chitin–glucan (CG) is a new generation of prebiotic. Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM® (NCFM) is a probiotic with the ability to decrease abdominal pain. We evaluate the functional and molecular gastrointestinal responses to a synbiotic administration combining CG and NCFM in a rat model of long-lasting colon hypersensitivity. The intracolonic pressure was assessed during the 9-week experiment in animals receiving CG in association or not with NCFM and compared to that in Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Lpc-37®-treated animals and control rats receiving tap water. The effects of the synbiotic were evaluated using the Wallace score, the quantification of colon myeloperoxidase (MPO) and the master genes driving analgesia and inflammation. CG 1.5 alone and NCFM 109 colony forming units (CFU) alone similarly decreased the visceral pain sensitivity. Lpc-37 had no significant effect. The best profile of pain perception inhibition was obtained with the combination of CG 1.5 g and NCFM 109 CFU, confirming a synbiotic property. This synbiotic treatment significantly reduced macroscopic colonic lesions and MPO concentrations, and induced master genes involved in analgesia (CB1, CB2, MOR, PPARα), with a downregulation of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNFα) and an induction of IL-10 and PPARγ. In conclusion, CG 1.5 g + NCFM 109 CFU significantly decreased visceral pain perception and intestinal inflammation through the regulation of master genes.
Encapsulation of Phloroglucinol from Rosenvingea intricata Macroalgae with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles against A549 Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Muthu Sakthivel , Lakshmikanthan Mythileeswari , Edward-Sam Edwin , Subramanian Mutheeswaran , Govindan Lakshmanan , Patcha Afrina Begum Mithen , Krishnan Kathiravan , Duraisamy Nallusamy , Jeyaperumal Selvakumari , Aziz Al Thabiani 
Published: October 2024

Background/Objectives: Phloroglucinol (PHL), a phenolic compound extracted from the brown alga Rosenvingea intricata, exhibits potent antioxidant and anticancer properties. This study aims to extract, purify, and characterize PHL, and further develop functionalized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) loaded with PHL to enhance its therapeutic potential. Methods: PHL was extracted using acetone and purified through Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, yielding a highly enriched fraction (F-3). The purified compound was characterized by FTIR, HPLC, NMR, and LC-MS. ZnO NPs were synthesized, PEGylated, and conjugated with PHL, forming ZnO-PEG-PHL NPs. Their characterization included DLS, zeta potential, XRD, SEM-EDAX, and encapsulation efficiency studies. Antioxidant assays (DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, RPA) were performed and in vitro cytotoxicity on A549 lung cancer cells were determined to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of PHL. Results: The purified PHL fraction showed a high phenolic content (45.65 PHL mg/g), which was was confirmed by spectral analysis. The ZnO-PEG-PHL NPs increased in size from 32.36 nm to 46.68 nm, with their zeta potential shifting from −37.87 mV to −26.82 mV. The antioxidant activity was superior for the ZnO-PEG-PHL NPs in all assays, while the in vitro cytotoxicity tests showed an IC50 of 40 µg/mL compared to 60 µg/mL for the ZnO NPs and 70 µg/mL for PHL. Apoptotic studies revealed significant cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. Conclusions: The synthesized ZnO-PEG-PHL NPs demonstrated enhanced antioxidant and anticancer properties, making them promising candidates for cancer therapy and antioxidant applications.
Programmatic forecasting of treatment and diagnostic measures for congenital cleft lip and/or palate
Authors: Tutova K. S. , Muzychina A. A. 
Published: October 2024

Relevance. The documentation processes in medical organizations across the DPR are being restructured, particularly in relation to providing therapeutic and rehabilitative care for children with congenital maxillofacial anomalies. Significant changes have been made to both the requirements for medical documentation and the speed at which it is processed, thanks to advancements in information technology and the introduction of individual electronic medical records. In this era of medical digitalization, it is crucial to simplify data collection and improve the forecasting of the effectiveness of therapeutic and rehabilitative measures conducted at the Pediatric Maxillofacial Surgery Center in Donetsk.Materials and methods. To evaluate the effectiveness of forecasting therapeutic and rehabilitative measures using the "Outpatient Monitoring" software, a previously developed model for predicting treatment outcomes was used. This model is based on an analysis of factors and indicators that reflect different aspects of the treatment and rehabilitation process for children with cleft lip and/or palate.Results. The study led to the implementation of a methodology for forecasting the effectiveness of therapeutic and rehabilitative measures at the Pediatric Maxillofacial Surgery Center in Donetsk, utilizing the "Outpatient Monitoring" computer-based accounting and analytical software, which facilitates both practical and scientific tasks related to the monitoring, treatment, and rehabilitation of children with cleft lip and/or palate.Conclusion. The developed forecasting model will greatly simplify the work of specialists at the Pediatric Maxillofacial Surgery Center.
Primary care experiences of adults reporting learning disability: a probability sample survey
Authors: Tromans Samuel J , Teece Lucy , Shankar Rohit , Hassiotis Angela , Brugha Traolach , McManus Sally 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundAdults with learning disability face multiple adversities, but evidence on their needs and primary care experiences is limited.AimTo compare the characteristics and primary care experiences of adults reporting learning disability with those who did not.Design and settingThis was an analysis of the 2022 General Practice Patient Survey, a national probability sample survey conducted in 2022 with people registered with NHS primary care in England.MethodThis analysis reports descriptive profiles, weighted and with 95% confidence intervals. Logistic regression models adjusting for gender, age, ethnicity, and area-level deprivation compared experiences of adults reporting learning disability with those who did not.ResultsSurvey participants comprised 623 157 people aged ≥16 years, including 6711 reporting learning disability. Adults reporting learning disability were more likely to be male, younger, of mixed or multiple ethnicities, and live in more deprived areas. All chronic conditions included in the survey were more common in adults reporting learning disability, especially reported sensory, neurodevelopmental, neurological, and mental health conditions. Adults reporting learning disability were twice as likely to have a preferred GP, and less likely to find their practice’s website easy to navigate. They were also less likely to have confidence and trust in their healthcare professional, or feel their needs were met.ConclusionAdults reporting a learning disability had a higher likelihood of chronic health conditions. Their reported experiences of primary care indicate that, despite recent initiatives to improve services offered, further adaptations to the consistency and ease of access to primary care is needed.
Communicating blood test results in primary care: a mixed-methods systematic review
Authors: Nankervis Helen , Huntley Alyson L , Whiting Penny , Hamilton William , Singh Hardeep , Dawson Sarah , O’Donnell Rachel , Sprackman Jane , Montague Anna Ferguson , Watson Jessica 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundOnline records access, including test results, was rolled out as part of changes to the GP contract in England in 2023. Blood test result communication is important for patient-centred care, patient safety, and primary care workload. Evidence is needed to ensure that test results are communicated safely and efficiently to patients in primary care.AimTo summarise existing evidence for blood test result communication between primary care providers and their patients and carers.Design and settingA mixed-methods systematic review was undertaken.MethodMEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), and the Cochrane Library were searched from January 2013–September 2023. Qualitative or quantitative studies that provided information on the communication of blood test results by primary care staff to adult patients and carers were eligible for inclusion.ResultsThere were 71 included studies, including 10 experimental studies and no randomised controlled trials. Study quality was mostly poor and risk of bias was high, partly owing to a lack of reported information. The studies found that patients want more information about their blood test results, particularly in terms of ‘what next’, and prefer results to be provided quickly. Electronic methods, such as online access or text messages, were generally well accepted but not by everyone, and not for all results. Clinicians’ opinions were mixed as to whether online direct release of test results to patients was beneficial or could cause problems, such as increased patient anxiety and increased workload.ConclusionA range of evidence has been identified on patient and clinician preferences, and barriers and facilitators to test communication, which is particularly important in the current NHS context of a move towards patient online access.
Точка зрения на ведение пациентов с хронической коронарной болезнью: часть 2
Authors: Суджаева О.А. 
Published: October 2024

В статье представлен взгляд Американской ассоциации сердца и Американской коллегии кардиологов на ведение отдельных категорий пациентов с хронической коронарной болезнью (ХКБ), изложенный в Руководстве 2023 года. Сделаны акценты на различиях между европейским и американским подходами к ведению отдельных категорий пациентов с ХКБ. Рассмотрены вопросы показаний и выбора метода реваскуляризации миокарда при ХКБ. Подробно описаны подходы к ведению особых групп населения: лиц со спонтанной диссекцией коронарных артерий (КА), с ишемией миокарда при необструктивном поражении (КА), пациентов с раком, лиц женского пола (в частности беременных), пожилых, пациентов с хронической болезнью почек, инфицированных вирусом иммунодефицита человека и имеющих аутоиммунные заболевания, реципиентов трансплантации сердца. Приведен подход к амбулаторному длительному наблюдению за пациентами с ХКБ.
The article presents the views of the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology on the management of certain categories of patients with chronic coronary artery disease (CCD), as set out in the 2023 Guidelines. Differences between European and American approaches to the management of certain categories of CCD patients are emphasized. Issues of indications and method selection for myocardial revascularization in CCD are considered. Approaches to the management of special populations such as subjects with spontaneous coronary artery (CA) dissection, with myocardial ischemia in nonobstructive CA lesions, oncologic patients , females (in particular, pregnant women), the elderly, patients with chronic kidney disease, those infected with human immunodeficiency virus and having autoimmune diseases, and heart transplant recipients are detailed. An approach to outpatient long-term follow-up of CCD patients is presented.
Возможности применения ингибитора натрий- глюкозного котранспортера 2-го типа
Authors: Агабабян И.Р. , Джаббарова Н.М. 
Published: October 2024

Неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени (НАЖБП) как один из факторов метаболического синдрома (МС) в настоящее время является наиболее распространенным заболеванием печени во всем мире. На сегодняшний день нет конкретной специфической медикаментозной терапии этого состояния, не разработана единая концепция лечения. В основном лечение направлено на терапию ведущих факторов риска. Первоначальное накопление триглицеридов в паренхиме печени при наличии воспалительных процессов, вызванных ожирением, митохондриальной дисфункции, липотоксичности, глюкозотоксичности и окислительного стресса может развиваться в неалкогольный стеатогепатит (НАСГ). Основная цель состоит в том, чтобы определить факторы, способствующие этой эволюции, поскольку нелеченый НАСГ может прогрессировать от фиброза до цирроза и в конечном итоге осложниться гепатоцеллюлярной карциномой (ГЦК). Несколько групп препаратов прошли клинические испытания для использования в качестве специфической терапии НАЖБП; большинство из них препараты, используемые для лечения сахарного диабета 2-го типа (СД2), который является одним из основных факторов риска развития НАЖБП. Среди наиболее изученных агонисты PPAR-γ, так называемые тиазолидиндионы (пиоглита- зон), агонисты рецепторов глюкагоноподобного пептида-1 (аГПП-1Р), ингибиторы дипептидилпептидазы-4 (иДПП-4). На самом деле наиболее многообещающей категорией являются ингибиторы натрий-глюкозного котранспортера 2-го типа (иНГКT2). Мы рассмотрим основные патогенетические механизмы, современные методы лечения НАЖБП, уделяя особое внимание использованию ингибиторов НГЛТ2.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as one of the factors of metabolic syndrome (MS), is currently the most common liver disease worldwide. Currently, no specific drug therapy for this condition has been developed; its treatment is based on the treatment of the main risk factors. The initial accumulation of triglycerides in the liver parenchyma, in the presence of inflammatory processes, mitochondrial dysfunction, lipotoxicity, glucose toxicity and oxidative stress, can progress into non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The primary goal is to identify factors contributing to this evolution, as untreated NASH can progress from fibrosis to cirrhosis and ultimately be complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Several groups of drugs have undergone clinical trials for use as specific therapies for NAFLD; most of them are drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is one of the main NAFLD risk factors. Among the most studied of them are PPAR-γ agonists, the so-called thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1R), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4). In fact, the most promising category is sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGCT2). We will consider the main pathogenetic mechanisms and modern methods of treating NAFLD, paying special attention to the use of SGLT2 inhibitors.
Enhanced light-sheet illumination by a multi-layered stair-step phase mask
Authors: Saitou Takashi , Imamura Takeshi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Light-sheet microscopy is a valuable tool for live biological imaging, offering high speed, high spatial resolution, and low phototoxicity imaging. This study explores a multi-layered stair-step phase mask to further improve illumination of this microscopy. By inserting the mask into the illumination optics, we can modify the Gaussian beam to extend its length by approximately 1.6-fold, which increases the field of view in light-sheet microscopy while keeping resolution reduction small. We demonstrate this improvement through in vivo imaging of medaka fish embryos, highlighting the mask’s potential to enhance the visualization of multicellular organisms at the cellular level.
Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and Gilbert damping of MgO/Co100–x
Fe
x
/Pt trilayers
Authors: Konishi Yuma , Oshima Daiki , Kato Takeshi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and Gilbert damping of MgO/Co100–x
Fe
x
/Pt (x = 20, 50) trilayers before and after annealing at 200–400 °C were evaluated by hysteresis loop and time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect (TRMOKE) measurements. The anisotropy field of the trilayers increased with reducing the CoFe thickness, which reflects the anisotropy is originated from the interface. The annealing around 300 °C was effective to increase the anisotropy because the roughness of the MgO/CoFe interface was reduced by annealing. The effective Gilbert damping α
eff also increased with reducing CoFe thickness and increasing annealing temperature. The increase of α
eff was considered to be promoted by the interdiffusion between CoFe and Pt after annealing. Small α
eff and large perpendicular anisotropy were confirmed to be obtained using Co50Fe50 compared to using Co80Fe20.
Pengaruh Deep Back Massage Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Persalinan kala I Fase Aktif di BPS Bunda Amud Tahun 2019
Authors: Novita  , Sukmawati  
Published: October 2024

Mengatasi nyeri persalinan dilakukan berbagai metode farmakologis dan non farmakologis. Salah satu metode yang efektif dalam mengurangi nyeri persalinan secara farmakologis adalah dengan massage. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh deep back massage terhadap penurunan nyeri persalinan kala I fase aktif di BPS Bunda Amud dan BPS Ummi Kabupaten Muna. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan True Eksperimental dan desain “Pretest-Posttest, Control Group Design”. Variabel dependent adalah nyeri persalinan kala I. Variabel independent adalah metode deep back massage. Pengukuran skala nyeri yang digunakan menurut Bourbanis. Instrumen penelitian adalah lembar observasi.Pengambilan sampel menggunakan Accidental Sampling. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian Uji statistic pada seluruh responden menggunakan paired T test dengan ɑ = 0,05 atau Confidence Interval (CI) 95% diperoleh t=4,344, p value 0,000. Dengan thitung (4,344) > ttabel (2.093) yang berarti ada pengaruh deep back massage terhadap penurunan nyeri persalinan kala I fase aktif di BPS Bunda Amud dan BPS Ummi tahun 2016. Penerapan deep back massage merupakan salah satu terapi non farmakologis sebagai bagian integral dalam memberikan perawatan dasar pertolongan persalinan.
Printing words in alternating colors facilitates eye movements among young and older Chinese adults
Authors: Pan Jinger , Wang Aiping , Zhang Mingsha , Tsang Yiu-Kei , Yan Ming 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIt is well known that the Chinese writing system lacks visual cues for word boundaries, such as interword spaces. However, characters must be grouped into words or phrases for understanding, and the lack of interword spaces can cause certain ambiguity. In the current study, young and older Chinese adults’ eye movements were recorded during their reading of naturally unspaced sentences, where consecutive words or nonwords were printed using alternating colors. The eye movements of both the Chinese young and older adults were clearly influenced by this explicit word boundary information. Across a number of eye-movement measures, in addition to a general age-related slowdown, the results showed that both groups benefited overall from the explicit color-based word boundary and experienced interference from the nonword boundary. Moreover, the manipulations showed stronger effects among the older adults. We discuss implications for practical application.
Stability Analysis and Optimal Control for Spreading Typhoid Fever Model with Direct and Indirect Transmissions
Authors: Toaha Syamsuddin , Rustam Ilmi Nurfaizah , Kasbawati Kasbawati , Siduppa Muh. Nursyam , Mohamed Siddik Sarinah Banu 
Published: October 2024

This article discusses a model of spreading typhoid fever with direct and indirect transmissions. There are five compartments included in the model, namely susceptible individuals, infected individuals, chronic carrier individuals, recovered individuals, and salmonella typhi bacteria in the environment. As an effort to control and minimize the numbers of infected individuals and chronic carrier individuals, we introduce simultaneously campaign for the susceptible individuals and treatment for the infected individuals and for chronic carrier individuals. The resulting model is a system of non-linear differential equations and quite challenging to analysis globally. Existence of both disease-free equilibrium point and endemic equilibrium point are analysed analytically. Stability of the equilibrium point is analysed locally by determining the eigenvalues of the associated Jacobian matrix, Routh-Hurwitz stability criteria, and basic reproduction number () via next generation matrix. The minimum Pontryagin principle and Hamiltonian equation are referred to minimize the numbers of infected and chronic carrier individuals. Simulation is carried out using suitable values of parameters. We found that the eigenvalues for endemic equilibrium point are all negative real numbers and . Optimal paths for state and constate variables are plotted using fourth order forward-backward Runge-Kutta method. In case there are no campaign and treatments, we found and endemic occurs. When campaign and treatments are included together in the model, we found optimal paths for all compartments that minimize the number of infected and chronic carrier individuals. Giving campaign and treatments increase significantly the susceptible and recovered individuals. At the same time, it reduces significantly the infected, chronic carrier individuals, and salmonella typhi bacteria in the environment. Involving campaign and treatment in the model of spreading typhoid fever can be considered as an effective strategy to minimize the numbers of infected and chronic carrier individuals.