bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Does Virtual Reality Technology Affect Suicidal Ideation in Society?
Authors: Ronaghi Mohammad Hossein , Ronaghi Marzieh 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMental health issues such as anxiety and depression are on the rise in communities. Ignoring severe mental health issues can lead to suicide, which is a global public health issue. The use of advanced tools and methods to prevent suicide can help save human lives. Visual tools and virtual technologies have multiple applications in the medical and educational fields. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using virtual reality (VR) technology on suicidal thoughts. A quasi‐experimental study was conducted, in which 189 individuals who had a history of suicide were tested. These individuals were divided into three groups: one control group and two intervention groups that received traditional and VR‐based training for 90 days. The Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation was used. The posttest results after the training period showed that conducting the training course had a statistically significant effect on individuals' suicidal behaviour and those who participated in the VR‐based training course had better improvements in suicidal thoughts. Therefore, the use of 3D simulation and visualisation tools can have a significant impact on individuals' thoughts and perceptions. The results of this study have practical implications for hospital managers and counsellors in healthcare centres to use VR technology in counselling and training courses to improve the behaviour of individuals with a history of suicide.
Adapting Group Model Building for Mental Healthcare: A Participatory Co‐Design Approach
Authors: Forrester‐Bowling Tari , Lucas James J. , Brown Andrew D. , Bennetts Stephanie , Carolin Renae , Hayward Josh , Scott Debbie , Peeters Anna , McLure James 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCountries around the world are experiencing both a growing need for mental health services and major gaps in the delivery of mental healthcare. The World Health Organisation's 2022 report on mental health emphasised co‐designed and systems‐level innovations responsive to the voice of those with lived experience. However, evidence for implementing such methodologies is sparse. Group model building (GMB), a participatory systems‐based approach, has been used in various fields, but its application is limited within mental healthcare settings. It is recognised as a valuable tool for engaging stakeholders, including those with lived experience, in understanding and redesigning health systems and services. The participatory approach aligns with the mental health sector's shift towards co‐design and person‐centred care. This study assessed the acceptability of GMB as a method for co‐design within mental healthcare, aiming to explore its potential for meaningful collaborative improvement and systems‐level insights. Participants from a regional Mental Health and Drug and Alcohol Service (MHDAS) engaged in GMB workshops and focus groups. Eighteen individuals, including lived experience workers and healthcare professionals, provided feedback that informed adjustments to the workshops' design, language, timing and facilitation techniques, enhancing GMB's relevance for mental health co‐design. The findings demonstrate the value and acceptability of the adapted GMB process in acute mental healthcare, marking a significant step towards evidence‐based, person‐centred service improvement. This study highlights the potential effectiveness of participatory methods in identifying and addressing systemic challenges, paving the way for future mental health reforms. Future work will focus on implementing and evaluating co‐designed interventions, aiming for more inclusive and effective mental healthcare and advancing innovation and reform in the field.
A Study on the Relationship Between Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depression and Anxiety Symptoms and the Quality of Life of Syrian Refugees: Case Study for the Province of Kayseri
Authors: Gokkaya Emrah , Topal Mehmet Hanefi , Demirtas Özgür 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to investigate the factors related to post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety mental disorders, as well as the quality of life of Syrian refugees and to examine the relationships between mental health disorders and the quality of life of Syrian refugees. Data were collected via face‐to‐face surveys with 613 adult Syrian refugees in an urban setting. Brislin's methodology was used for translating scale items, involving initial translation, back‐translation and review by another professional translator. The study utilised the PTSD Scale, Beck Anxiety Scale, Depression Scale and Quality of Life Scale (QOLS). Descriptive, correlational and multivariate regression analysis were applied. Findings of correlational analysis indicate that PTSD levels among Syrian refugees are significantly related to gender, income level and employment. Depression levels are significantly associated with trauma history, healthcare service use, marital status and employment. Anxiety levels are significantly related to gender, trauma history, healthcare service use, employment and income. According to the findings of the regression analyses, the relationships between depression, quality of life and PTSD are complex. Meanwhile, anxiety decreases quality of life and increases PTSD. Quality of life moderates the relationship between depression and PTSD, as well as between anxiety and PTSD. The study concludes that the mental disorder levels of Syrian refugees, in terms of PTSD, depression and anxiety, are linked to their socio‐demographic characteristics. These results highlight the importance of social, economic and cultural factors, healthcare and social services and the socio‐demographic characteristics of the region where refugees have settled after displacement.
‘Clinical Is the Pinnacle’: Nurse Academics' Perspectives and Opinions of Their Students Undertaking Mental Health Clinical Placements
Authors: Moxham Lorna , Foster Kim , Happell Brenda , Lakeman Richard , Hazelton Michael , Hurley John 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTClinical placements form an integral and important part of preregistration nursing student learning. The theory–practice gap has been identified as problematic, with clinical experience being a key strategy to address this. Despite this, the perceptions of nurse academics teaching preregistration mental health nursing regarding clinical placements have not been widely explored. To garner perspectives and experiences of mental health clinical placements from nurse academics teaching mental health nursing to preregistration nursing students. A descriptive qualitative study involving 19 nurse academics from 13 metropolitan and regional Australian universities, who were involved in the design and delivery of preregistration mental health nursing content. Data were analysed thematically. The study adhered to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR). Participants reported that inappropriate clinical placements generate negative student experiences. Furthermore, mental health placements in nonspecialist settings such as medical‐surgical or aged care compromised student learning and posed a barrier to linking theory to practice. Increasing meaningful and appropriate mental health clinical placements in nurse education requires investment and support from multiple stakeholders. Nurse academics are crucial stakeholders in terms of understanding the impact of mental health clinical placements. Appropriate mental health clinical placements are central to effective comprehensive nurse education. Academics teaching mental health in preregistration curricula are significant stakeholders, and their informed perceptions are central to compel change.
Attitudes, knowledge, and related factors on paediatric dental radiography among parents of children aged less than 13 years attended a tertiary care public dental hospital
Authors: Gajanayake Chandana , Liyanage Pemith , Wadusinghearachchi Saminda , Perera Irosha , Epa Migara 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundDental radiography is an essential diagnostic tool in paediatric dentistry.AimTo explore attitudes, knowledge, and related factors of paediatric dental radiography among parents who attended the radiology department of a premier public dental hospital.DesignThe study was conducted at the National Dental Hospital (Teaching) Sri Lanka among 124 parents whose children (<13‐years) underwent dental radiographic examination. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, radiographic investigations, and parental knowledge and attitudes on paediatric dental radiography were collected using an interviewer‐administered questionnaire. Data were entered and analyzed using the SPSS‐21 statistical software package.ResultsThe mean score (95% CI) of parental attitudes and knowledge on paediatric dental radiography were 17.55 (17.64–18.45) on a scale from 7 to 35 and 3.73 (3.34–4.13) on a scale from −7 to +7, respectively. Significant differences in parental knowledge were evident by child's age (p = 0.046), ethnicity (p = 0.035), and parental attitudes (p = 0.024). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed a significant independent association between parental attitudes with parental knowledge: OR (95% CI) = 2.413 (1.098–5.302) (p = 0.028).ConclusionsParents demonstrated less favorable attitudes but sufficient knowledge on many aspects of paediatric dental radiography. Therefore, interventions are needed to improve parental attitudes on paediatric dental radiography especially by providing child‐friendly services.
Association Between Dietary Patterns and Subgingival Microbiota: Results From the Oral Infections, Glucose Intolerance, and Insulin Resistance Study (ORIGINS)
Authors: Molinsky Rebecca L. , Johnson Abigail J. , Marotz Lisa , Roy Sumith , Bohn Bruno , Goh Charlene E. , Chen Ching‐Yuan , Paster Bruce , Knight Rob , Genkinger Jeanine , Papapanou Panos N. , Jacobs David R. , Demmer Ryan T. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo study the association between dietary patterns and subgingival microbiota.MethodsParticipants (n = 651) who were enrolled in the Oral Infections, Glucose Intolerance, and Insulin Resistance Study (ORIGINS) with subgingival plaque sampling (n = 890 plaques) and a dietary assessment were included. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequences of subgingival plaque from sites with either probing depth <4 or ≥4 mm were processed separately and used to obtain α‐diversity metrics (Faith, Shannon, Simpson, Observed) and taxa ratios (Red Complex to Corynebacterium [RCLR], Treponema to Corynebacterium [TCLR], and Treponema to Neisseria [TNLR]). Food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) were processed to calculate Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) and A Priori Diet Quality Score (APDQS) scores. Mixed regression models examined the mean levels of microbial metrics across quartiles of diet quality. Means ± standard errors are reported along with p‐values.ResultsIn multivariable models assessing the association between diet scores and α‐diversity metrics, higher AHEI values were significantly associated with lower Faith (p‐value = 0.01) and Observed (p‐value = 0.04) diversity values; similar findings were observed for APDQS (p‐value = 0.01, p‐value = 0.04). In multivariable models assessing the association between diet scores (AHEI and APDQS) and taxa ratios (RCLR, TCLR and TNLR), as the AHEI quartile increased, all taxa ratios decreased significantly as follows: −1.06 ± 0.093 in Q1 to −1.34 ± 0.099 in Q4 (RCLR), −0.43 ± 0.077 in Q1 to −0.64 ± 0.083 in Q4 (TCLR) and −0.09 ± 0.083 in Q1 to −0.38 ± 0.089 in Q4 (TNLR), respectively. In contrast, as the APDQS quartiles increased, only TNLR decreased significantly from −0.08 ± 0.085 in Q1 to −0.34 ± 0.091 in Q4.ConclusionDiets rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and other nutritionally rich plant foods are associated with lower oral microbial diversity and favourable ratios of pathogenic to commensal microbiota.
Biologically Oriented Preparation Technique Through a Digital Workflow, a Case Report
Authors: Andrea Tinti , Giolanta Liaropoulou Maria , Roberto Padrós Roldan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionIn every prosthetic treatment, the final purpose of the restoration is to restore function and esthetics for the patient, respecting biology and anatomical parameters. Regarding full coverage restorations, there are some factors to take into consideration: like the finish line (chamfer, shoulder, featheredge, etc.), the management of the provisional restoration and tissue healing, the material for the final restoration, and the impression technique. All these aspects will determine the treatment process and its possible results. In recent years, vertical preparation and more specifically biologically oriented preparation technique has generated great interest since its introduction in prosthodontics, changing the periodontal tissues, and providing long‐term stability.Materials and MethodsWith this technique, the objective is to change the position of the gingival margin, moving it more apically or coronally, depending on the modifications of the provisional. The relining of the provisional is a fundamental step of this technique: the intrasulcular part of the provisional is modified giving a new emergence profile and providing an augmentation of the tissue in the healing process.DiscussionIn vertical preparation, there is no predetermined margin. The dental technician should position the finish line more apically or coronally, depending on the depth of the sulcus and on the esthetic needs. Ceramic restorations should not invade the epithelial attachment, otherwise it may cause biological and mechanical problems, repetition of the impression, and of the crown restoration, which lead to increased clinical and laboratory time usage as well as expenses. One challenge is communicating the shape and contour of the temporary restoration to the dental lab to ensure accurate information for the final restoration.ConclusionFinally, the objective of this article is to describe a technique for transferring all necessary information of the provisional and obtaining a predictable result for the final restoration by using an intraoral scanner system and the fabrication of two 3D printed prototypes. One for the final volume of the crowns and the other for the finish line position.Clinical SignificanceThe fabrication of 3D printed prototypes allows for a more predictable final restoration, reducing possible communication errors between clinician and technician when restoring with biologically oriented preparation technique. In any esthetic treatment where the restoration does not have a predetermined margin, it is possible with this additional clinical step to provide a more esthetic outcome.
Contemporary Rationales for Cemented Implant Restorations in the Esthetic Zone
Authors: Kim Young K. , Conejo Julián , Wagner David J. , Britton Eduardo , Schoenbaum Todd R. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis article explores the ongoing relevance of cement‐retained implant restorations, focusing on their contemporary rationales for their successful use. Comprehensive considerations include esthetic, positional, and occlusal factors alongside recent technological advancements designed to mitigate previous known challenges.OverviewIn certain clinical scenarios, cement‐retained implant restorations offer distinct advantages such as eliminating access holes for improved esthetics, particularly for malpositioned implants. Modern advancements in materials and techniques have enhanced their predictability, safety, and overall outcomes while minimizing biological risks.ConclusionsWhen performed within appropriate protocols, cement‐retained implant restorations can effectively address diverse clinical challenges. Recent technical advancements further bolster their utility, supporting esthetic, technical, biomechanical, and biological outcomes in implant rehabilitation of the partially edentulous esthetic zone.Clinical SignificanceUnderstanding the justifications and guidelines for cement‐retained implant restorations, along with recent technological advancements, enables clinicians to optimize treatment outcomes with greater flexibility while minimizing common limitations in practice.
Recovery of Whey Protein by Using Microfiltration: Artificial Neural Network–Based Modeling and Effects of Different Operating Parameters
Authors: Meena Prafful Kumar , Sharma Jai Gopal , Jain Manish 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMicrofiltration is one of the most suitable processes for protein recovery from whey due to its low energy consumption and lack of use of heat and chemicals. However, membrane fouling is one of the limiting factors in the microfiltration process, preventing its commercial use. In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) based model was employed to study the effects of different operating parameters on membrane fouling in whey concentration. Trans‐membrane pressure, Reynolds number, and feed temperature were selected as the input parameters. Experimental data from the available studies were used to train the ANN. The ANN with 23 neurons gave a minimum mean squared error (MSE) for trans‐membrane pressure and Reynolds number. The ANN with seven neurons gave the minimum MSE for feed temperature. The predicted values from both ANNs well fitted with the experimental results with R2 < 0.99. Simulations showed that membrane fouling increased as flux reduction increased from 36.3% to 76.39% when trans‐membrane pressure increased from 0.5 to 2 bar. In contrast, a 19.96% reduction in flux was observed by increasing the Reynolds number from 750 to 2500. An increment of 77.37% of flux reduction was observed with increasing feed temperature from 30°C to 40°C. Simulations confirmed that transmembrane pressure, Reynolds number, and feed temperature strongly influence membrane fouling. An ANN‐based approach was the most accurate method to model membrane fouling for whey protein separation.
Assessment of the Risks of Zoonotic Infection at the Primatology Centre of the Interdisciplinary Medical Research Centre of Franceville in Gabon
Authors: Jean Nzue Nguema , Désiré Otsaghe Ekore , Serge Ely Dibakou , Larson Boundenga , Thiérry‐Audrey Tsoumbou , Ivan Cyr Moussadji Kinga , Yasmine Okomo Nguema , Landry Erik Mombo , Dominique Pontier , Barthélemy Ngoubangoye 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundNon‐human primate (NHPs) conservation sites could be sites of exchange of pathogens involved in infectious diseases. It is important to assess the potential risks associated with this type of structure. The objective of this study was to carry out a risk assessment of the Primatology Centre housed in the Interdisciplinary Centre for Medical Research of Franceville (CIRMF).MethodsA questionnaire was administered to the centre's staff to assess the risk associated with each workstation, followed by a review of the various pathogens identified in NHPs. The data were analysed using two diagrams: the Kiviat diagram and the Pareto diagram.ResultsBased on our results, a variety of pathogens such as viruses, bacteria and parasites, potentially transmissible to humans, were described in the NHPs at the Primatology Centre of CIRMF. The position most exposed to zoonotic risks was that of animal handlers.ConclusionThe Primatology Centre of CIRMF is a potential transfer site for the transfer of zoonotic agents. To avoid the risk of parasite exchange between staff and animals, the implementation of biosecurity measures is essential.
Palmitoylation regulates norepinephrine transporter uptake, surface localization, and total expression with pathogenic implications in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
Authors: Brown Christopher R. , Shetty Madhur , Foster James D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPostural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is an adrenergic signaling disorder characterized by excessive plasma norepinephrine, postural tachycardia, and syncope. The norepinephrine transporter (NET) modulates adrenergic homeostasis via the reuptake of extracellular catecholamines and is implicated in the pathogenesis of adrenergic and neurological disorders. In this study, we reveal NET is palmitoylated in male Sprague–Dawley rats and Lilly Laboratory Cell Porcine Kidney (LLC‐PK1) cells. S‐palmitoylation, or the addition of a 16‐carbon saturated fatty acid, is a reversible post‐translational modification responsible for the regulation of numerous biological mechanisms. We found that LLC‐PK1 NET is dynamically palmitoylated, and that inhibition with the palmitoyl acyltransferase (DHHC) inhibitor, 2‐bromopalmitate (2BP) results in decreased NET palmitoylation within 90 min of treatment. This result was followed closely by a reduction in transport capacity, cell surface, and total cellular NET expression after 120 min of treatment. Increasing 2BP concentrations and treatment time revealed a nearly complete loss of total NET protein. Co‐expression with individual DHHCs revealed a single DHHC enzyme, DHHC1, promoted wild‐type (WT) hNET palmitoylation and elevated NET protein levels. The POTS‐associated NET mutant, A457P, exhibits dramatically decreased transport capacity and cell surface levels which we have confirmed in the current study. In an attempt to recover A457P NET expression, we co‐expressed the A457P variant with DHHC1 to drive expression as seen with the WT protein but instead saw an increase in NET N‐terminal immuno‐detectable forms and fragments. Elimination of a potential palmitoylation site at cysteine 44 in the N‐terminal tail of hNET resulted in a low expression phenotype mimicking the A457P hNET variant. Further investigation of A457P NET palmitoylation and surface expression is necessary, but our preliminary novel findings reveal palmitoylation as a mechanism of NET regulation and suggest that dysregulation of this process may contribute to the pathogenesis of adrenergic disorders like POTS.
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