bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Two-Step Approach for Automatic Number Plate Detection
Authors: Gorovyi Ievgen 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
intelligent transportation systems are rapidly growing mainly due to active development of novel hardware and software solutions. In the paper a problem of automatical number plate detection is considered. An efficient two-step approach based on plate candidates extraction with further classification by neural network is proposed. Stroke width transform and contours detection techniques are utilized for the image preprocessing and extraction of regions of interest. Different local feature sets are used for the final number plate detection step. Efficiency of the developed method is tested with real datasets.
Excise Tax on Alcohol According to Legal Law of Slovak Republic In Terms Of Eu Secondary Law Transposition / Spotrebná Daň Z Liehu V Právnom Poriadku Slovenskej Republiky Z Hľadiska Transpozície Sekundárneho Práva Eú
Authors: Beňuš Ondrej 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Distilling industry is among the traditional sectors of the food industry. It is a significant producers of agricultural primary production and the most stable component of demand in the labour market. Among all the sectors of the food industry, however, it is subject to the greatest extent of the regulation of the business by state, when a crucial component of regulation is the legal regulation of the selection of the excise tax on alcohol. Given the considerable degree of regulation of excise taxes on alcoholic beverages by one of the secondary law of the EU, it is considered appropriate to assess the level of transposition of basic elements of excise tax on alcohol, as defined by literature, into the legal order of the Slovak Republic.
Immigration of Highly–Skilled Workers to Estonia: Current Trends and Legislative Framework / Imigrácia Kvalifikovanej Pracovnej Sily Do Estónska: Súčasné Trendy A Právny Rámec
Authors: Alavi Hamed , Khamichonak Tatsiana 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Estonian immigration policies have been largely influenced by its historical development. The figures from 1989 show that the population was only 61.5 percent Estonian by origin with the remaining 38.5 percent belonging to other ethnic backgrounds. Remarkably, 26 percent of the Estonian population were foreign born.(1) After joining the European Union in 2004, Estonia faced a high rate of outward migration, which was connected, inter alia, to the higher average salaries of the other Member States. The rapid expansion of the Estonian economy and growth of employment coupled with the negative population growth contributed to the need of foreign skilled labour.(2) Besides, the recent reform in the education system accounts for shortage of technical specialists in some labour areas.(3) It is thus not surprising that Estonian government employs focused, selective and demand-based immigration strategies to fight the ‘global war for talents’.(4),(5) The objective of the restrictive immigration policy is to attract first and foremost highly qualified professionals in the strategic economic areas while avoiding uncontrolled immigration and increase the sustainability and competitiveness of the Estonian economy. First part of current paper provides an overview of who falls under the classification of a ‘skilled’ worker and the Estonian perspective on talent attraction and retention. The second part lays down the existing legal framework, which covers the conditions and procedures of knowledge-worker’s immigration to Estonia. Particularly, this includes the relatively recent amendments to the Aliens Act 2004, which came into force in 2008 and set forth a facilitated approach towards entry and residence requirements.
Application of Non-Project Measure of the Rural Development Programme 2014-2020 - Multifunctional Field Margins (Biostrips on Arable Land) in 2015 / Aplikácia Neprojektových Opatrení V Programe Rozvoja Vidieka 2014- 2020 – Multifunkčné Okraje Polí (Biopásy Na Ornej Pôde) V Roku 2015
Authors: Palšová Lucia 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Agri-environmental measures are a key element for the integration of environmental concerns into the Common Agricultural Policy. They are designed to encourage farmers to protect and enhance the environment on their farmland by paying them for the provision of environmental services. Farmers commit themselves, for a minimum period of at least five years, to adopt environmentally friendly farming techniques that go beyond legal obligations. In return, farmers receive payments that provide compensation for additional costs and losses of income resulting from applying those environmentally friendly farming practices in line with the stipulations of agri-environmental contracts. Agri-environmental measures may be designed at national, regional or local level so that they can be adapted to the particular farming systems and environmental conditions, which vary greatly throughout the EU. This makes agri-environment a potentially precise tool for achieving environmental goals.
Legislation of Renewable Energy Sources In Slovakia / Legislatívna Úprava Obnoviteľných Zdrojov Energie Na Slovensku
Authors: Marišová Eleonóra , Ilková Zuzana , Palšová Lucia , Mandalová Kristína 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Growing renewable energy plants on agricultural land and its further energy usage presents a significant importance for implementing long-term strategy of Slovakia in the area of acquisition and use of renewable energy sources (RES). Renewable energy plants together fulfil the objectives of Europe 2020 strategy and contributes to diversification of energy resources. The paper draws on the EU and national legislation regulating RES. Directive 2009/28/EC of the European parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC are analysed. Broadly, the topic of the renewable energy resources is integrated in Rural Development Program 2014 - 2020. More specifically, Biomass Action Plan 2008- 2013, Strategy of higher use of the renewable energy resources in Slovakia and Strategy of energy security of Slovakia till 2030 have been adopted. Sustainable use of agricultural land, its management and use, as well as the protection of its quality and functions are regulated by Act No. 220/2004 Coll. on the protection and use of agricultural land and amending the Act no. 245/2003 Coll. on integrated prevention and control of environmental pollution and amending certain acts as amended which came into the force 1. May 2004. Act. No. 57/2013 Coll. with is in effect from 1 April 2013, establishes the principles and procedure for the establishment of plantations of fast-growing trees on agricultural land. Slovak legislation introduced a register for fast-growing trees in Slovak territories at each district office, Land and Forest Department in Slovakia (72). The survey at registers shows that this legislation promoted the farmers to start to use marginal land for fast-growing trees.
On the Existence of Nontrivial Solutions for Nonlocal Elliptic Kirchhoff Type Problems with Nonlinear Boundary Conditions
Authors: Rasouli S. H. , Salehi B. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this paper, by using the Mountain Pass Lemma, we study the existence of nontrivial solutions for a nonlocal elliptic Kirchhoff type equation together with nonlinear boundary conditions.
On the regulative role of the glutamate receptor in mitochondria
Authors: Selin Alexey A. , Lobysheva Natalia V. , Nesterov Semen V. , Skorobogatova Yulia A. , Byvshev Ivan M. , Pavlik Lyubov L. , Mikheeva Irina B. , Moshkov Dmitry A. , Yaguzhinsky Lev S. , Nartsissov Yaroslav R. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The purpose of this work was to study the regulative role of the glutamate receptor found earlier in the brain mitochondria. In the present work a glutamate-dependent signaling system with similar features was detected in mitochondria of the heart. The glutamate-dependent signaling system in the heart mitochondria was shown to be suppressed by γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The GABA receptor presence in the heart mitochondria was shown by golding with the use of antibodies to α- and β-subunits of the receptor. The activity of glutamate receptor was assessed according to the rate of synthesis of hydrogen peroxide. The glutamate receptor in mitochondria could be activated only under conditions of hypoxic stress, which in model experiments was imitated by blocking Complex I by rotenone or fatty acids. The glutamate signal in mitochondria was shown to be calcium- and potential-dependent and the activation of the glutamate cascade was shown to be accompanied by production of hydrogen peroxide. It was discovered that H2O2 synthesis involves two complexes of the mitochondrial electron transfer system – succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and fatty acid dehydrogenase (ETF:QO). Thus, functions of the glutamate signaling system are associated with the system of respiration-glycolysis switching (the Pasteur-Crabtree) under conditions of hypoxia.
Adolescent’s perceptions of parental influences on physical activity
Authors: Rachele Jerome N. , Cuddihy Thomas F. , Washington Tracy L. , McPhail Steven M. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Background: Youth physical activity engagement is a key component of contemporary health promotion strategies. Parents have potential to influence the physical activity behaviours of their children. The purpose of this study was to explore associations between adolescent self-reported physical activity, parent physical activity and perceptions of parental influence as measured by the Children’s Physical Activity Correlates (CPAC) questionnaire.
Methods: This investigation included a total of 146 adolescents and their parents. Self-reported measures of physical activity were obtained using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents and International Physical Activity Questionnaire for adolescents and their parents respectively. Adolescent perceptions of parental role modelling, support, and encouragement were measured with the parental influences scales of the CPAC.
Results: Ordinary least squares regression indicated that perceptions of parental role modelling (β=197.41, 95% CI 34.33–360.49, p=0.031) was positively associated with adolescent self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity with the overall model accounting for a small amount of the variance (R2=0.076).
Conclusion: These results are in agreement with previous research indicating that parents play a small, albeit vital role in the physical activity engagement of their children. Public health campaigns with the aim of promoting youth physical activity should endeavour to incorporate parents into their interventions.
Purification and Characterization of Angiotensin-I Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides from Prickly Ash (Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim) Seed Protein Hydrolysates
Authors: Wu Hongyang , Jiang Tailing , Dong Xiaohua , Shen Guanghui , Li Shanshan , Zhang Zhiqing 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Prickly ash (Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim) seed protein was hydrolyzed with papain to obtain hydrolysates with inhibitory activity against angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE). ACE inhibitory peptides (ACEIPs) were successfully purified from seed protein hydrolysates through ultrafiltration and gel chromatography. In vitro ACE inhibitory assay revealed an IC50 value of 0.032± 0.008 mg·mL−1 for a component with <5 kDa molecular weight. Four fractions were isolated by Sephadex G-25 gel chromatography under the following elution conditions: flow rate, 0.6 mL·min−1; initial volume, 2.0 mL; and sample concentration, 30 mg·mL−1. The second fraction showed the highest inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.021±0.007 mg·mL−1. The stability of the ACE inhibitory activity of the obtained ACEIPs was identified under storage conditions with varied temperature, pH, and gastrointestinal protease digestion. Peptides derived from prickly ash seed protein hydrolysates may be a potential resource for exploring functional food or pharmaceuticals against hypertension.
An inverse problem for Sturm–Liouville operators with non-separated boundary conditions containing the spectral parameter
Authors: Ibadzadeh Chinare G. , Nabiev Ibrahim M. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this paper a boundary value problem is considered
generated by the Sturm–Liouville equation and non-separated boundary
conditions, one of which contains a spectral parameter. We give a uniqueness
theorem, develop an algorithm for solving the inverse problem of
reconstruction of boundary value problems with spectral data. We use the
spectra of two boundary value problems and some sequence of signs as a spectral data.
Parathyroid hormone-ionized calcium dynamics over the first year of life
Authors: Sharma Atul K. , Gallo Sina , Vanstone Catherine A. , Agellon Sherry , L’Abbé Mary , Khamessan Ali , Comeau Kathryn , Weiler Hope A. , Rodd Celia 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIonized calcium (iCa) is believed to be the principle determinant of parathyroid hormone concentration (PTH). However, previous studies contained few infants.This ancillary study from our vitamin DNo significant correlations were observed between iCa and PTH at individual visits (p>0.2). After accounting for repeated measures, PTH decreased with increasing iCa (slope –5.25; 95% confidence intervals (CI) –8.78 to –1.73), decreased with increasing 25(OH)D (slope –0.006; 95% CI –0.009 to –0.002, and increased with later visits (6–12 months, p<0.001),We observed a weak negative relationship between iCa and PTH and an increase with age consistent with physiologic maturation.
Increased levels of bisphenol A (BPA) in Thai girls with precocious puberty
Authors: Supornsilchai Vichit , Jantarat Chutima , Nosoognoen Wichit , Pornkunwilai Sopon , Wacharasindhu Suttipong , Soder Olle 
Published: January 2016

AbstractReports on the secular trend of pubertal onset indicate a recent earlier start especially in girls. Bisphenol A (BPA), which posses estrogenic activity, might be a cause of advanced puberty. The objective of the study was to determine the association between BPA and advanced puberty.A cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with advanced puberty (n=41) compared to age-matched controls (n=47). Anthropometric measurements, estradiol, basal and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)-stimulated follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, uterine sizes, ovarian diameters and bone ages were obtained. Urinary BPA concentrations were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MSMS) with the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 0.05 ng/mL.The median adjust-BPA concentration in advanced puberty group was higher than in control groups [1.44 vs. 0.59 μg/g creatinine (Cr): p<0.05]. We also found that the median adjust-BPA concentration in girls with advanced puberty who were overweight/obese, was greater than in the normal pubertal overweight/obese girls (1.74 vs. 0.59 μg/g Cr: p<0.05), and was in the same trend among normal weight girls with advanced and normal puberty (0.83 vs. 0.49 μg/g Cr: p=0.09), but not statistically significant.The present findings suggest that BPA exposure appears to be related to an earlier age at onset of puberty especially in obese girls.
Victim Fault and Victim Strict Responsibility in Anglo-American Tort Law
Authors: Simons Kenneth W. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAnglo-American tort doctrine pays considerable attention to the conduct of the victim as well as the conduct of the injurer. Moreover, a symmetrical standard of care for victims and injurers is commonly invoked: just as injurers are liable for failure to use reasonable care, victims frequently have their compensation reduced insofar as they, too, failed to use reasonable care. The advent of comparative fault, replacing the all-or-nothing rule of contributory negligence, has made the symmetrical approach seem inexorable and unremarkable.But symmetry is usually the wrong perspective for the legal system to take towards victim and injurer conduct. Moreover, a uniformly symmetrical approach ignores the nuances of legal doctrine. Courts often depart from symmetry, even in comparative fault jurisdictions. Thus, courts recognize several categorical doctrines that permitEven when victim conductTo be sure, symmetry is sometimes appropriate, especially when the actor’s unreasonable conduct creates substantial risks both to others and to himself. But in many other cases, symmetry is much less defensible, at least if one endorses a largely nonconsequentialist rather than a purely utilitarian account of tort law. The law could do more to address the unjustifiable use of symmetrical criteria – for example, the fact-finder could be instructed, or the trial judge could be directed, to treat unreasonable risk to others as a more serious type of fault than unreasonable risk to self.
Molecular imprinting in particle-stabilized emulsions: enlarging template size from small molecules to proteins and cells
Authors: Ye Lei , Zhou Tongchang , Shen Xiantao 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMolecular imprinting of small organic compounds is now a standard procedure for preparation of tailor-designed affinity materials. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have outstanding stability and can be prepared in a large quantity, therefore are useful replacements for biological receptors for a number of applications including product purification, analytical separation, chemical sensing and controlled delivery and biomineralization. Although preparation of MIPs, in particular using the non-covalent imprinting strategy, has become a routine practice in many research laboratories, new synthetic methods continued to be invented, which contribute to new MIPs with unprecedented functional performances. As the size of the template increases from small organic compounds to biomacromolecules to large virus particles and cells, the traditional methods of imprinting often fail to give useful MIP products. Another important aspect is the shift from organic solvents to water for MIPs designed for treatment or analysis of biological samples. The demand on water-compatibility and recognition of larger entities for MIPs call for new and efficient synthetic methods. This mini review will summarize the recent progress of molecular imprinting using particle-stabilized emulsion as a general synthetic platform to furnish the new MIPs with the desired functions.
Discovery of the element with atomic number Z = 118 completing the 7th row of the periodic table (IUPAC Technical Report)
Authors: Karol Paul J. , Barber Robert C. , Sherrill Bradley M. , Vardaci Emanuele , Yamazaki Toshimitsu 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The fourth IUPAC/IUPAP Joint Working Party (JWP) on the priority of claims to the discovery of new elements 113, 115, 117 and 118 has reviewed the relevant literature pertaining to several claims. In accordance with the criteria for the discovery of elements previously established by the 1991 IUPAC/IUPAP Transfermium Working Group (TWG), and reinforced in subsequent IUPAC/IUPAP JWP discussions, it was determined that the Dubna-Livermore collaboration has fulfilled those criteria for element Z=118. A synopsis of experiments and related efforts is presented.
Stabilization of the “open” conformer of apoIscU on the surface of polystyrene nanobeads accelerates assembly of a 2Fe2S structure
Authors: Barbiroli Alberto , Bonomi Francesco , Iametti Stefania , Marengo Mauro 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe scaffold protein IscU is involved in the assembly/transfer of FeS clusters. IscU exists in both open and closed conformation. The clusterless open conformation of IscU adheres to the hydrophobic surface of polystyrene nanobeads, as observed for other proteins. Increased accessibility of the ligand cysteines in bound IscU facilitates assembly of a 2Fe2S cluster, and the cluster-bearing structured form of IscU does not interact with the nanobeads, thus ensuring turnover. The dependence of accelerated cluster assembly on the nanobeads concentration pointed to steric and crowding effects as for promoting cluster formation, and confirms the requirement for structural flexibility of IscU .
Functional investigation of Bacillus subtilis YrkF’s involvement in sulfur transfer reactions
Authors: Martin Hannah L. , Black Katherine A. , Dos Santos Patricia C. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractSulfur incorporation into the molybdenum cofactor (Moco) in the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli involves six enzymes. The initial reaction includes the cysteine desulfurase IscS, the sulfurtransferase TusA, and the rhodanese domaincontaining protein YnjE. The Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis contains no direct homologs for IscS, but rather four distinct cysteine desulfurases (YrvO, NifS, NifZ, SufS) and YrkF, a two-domain rhodanese protein with an N-terminal domain similar to TusA. Bioinformatic analysis was used to identify potential enzymes involved in the B. subtilis Moco thiolation pathway and in vitro reactions demonstrated that YrkF can accept sulfur from and enhance the activity of YrvO.
The Influence of Manufacturing Oversizing on Postwelding Distortions of the Fillet Welded Joint
Authors: Kozak Janusz , Kowalski Jakub 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Welding proces is basic joining technique in shipbuilding. Such method generated welding distortions which cause a lot of problems during the manufacturing process. In the literature it is proposed wide spectrum of suggestions for a correct estimation of welding deformation in particular angular deformation in the fillet welded T joint. In the work influence of oversizing of weld on angular distortions of joint is presented basing upon of the results of the laboratory measurements. Values determined on the basis of literature hypotheses are compared with the one obtained from the laboratory test.
Efficient Server-Aided 2PC for Mobile Phones
Authors: Mohassel Payman , Orobets Ostap , Riva Ben 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Secure Two-Party Computation (2PC) protocols allow two parties to compute a function of their private inputs without revealing any information besides the output of the computation. There exist low cost general-purpose protocols for semi-honest parties that can be efficiently executed even on smartphones. However, for the case of malicious parties, current 2PC protocols are significantly less efficient, limiting their use to more resourceful devices. In this work we present an efficient 2PC protocol that is secure against malicious parties and is light enough to be used on mobile phones. The protocol is an adaptation of the protocol of Nielsen et al. (Crypto, 2012) to the Server-Aided setting, a natural relaxation of the plain model for secure computation that allows the parties to interact with a server (e.g., a cloud) who is assumed not to collude with any of the parties. Our protocol has two stages: In an offline stage - where no party knows which function is to be computed, nor who else is participating - each party interacts with the server and downloads a file. Later, in the online stage, when two parties decide to execute a 2PC together, they can use the files they have downloaded earlier to execute the computation with cost that is lower than the currently best semi-honest 2PC protocols. We show an implementation of our protocol for Android mobile phones, discuss several optimizations and report on its evaluation for various circuits. For example, the online stage for evaluating a single AES circuit requires only 2.5 seconds and can be further reduced to 1 second (amortized time) with multiple executions.