bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The nuclear protein GmbZIP110 has transcription activation activity and plays important roles in the response to salinity stress in soybean
Authors: Xu Zhaolong , Ali Zulfiqar , Xu Ling , He Xiaolan , Huang Yihong , Yi Jinxin , Shao Hongbo , Ma Hongxiang , Zhang Dayong 
Published: February 2016

AbstractPlant basic-leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors play important roles in many biological processes and are involved in the regulation of salt stress tolerance. Previously, our lab generated digital gene expression profiling (DGEP) data to identify differentially expressed genes in a salt-tolerant genotype of Glycine soja (STGoGS) and a salt-sensitive genotype of Glycine max (SSGoGM). This DGEP data revealed that the expression (log2 ratio) ofGmbZIP110was up-regulated 2.76-fold and 3.38-fold in SSGoGM and STGoGS, respectively. In the present study, the salt inducible geneGmbZIP110was cloned and characterized through phylogenetic analysis, subcellular localization and in silico transcript abundance analysis in different tissues. The functional role of this gene in salt tolerance was studied through transactivation analysis, DNA binding ability, expression in soybean composite seedlings and transgenicArabidopsisand the effect of GmbZIP110 on the expression of stress-related genes in transgenicArabidopsiswas investigated. We found that GmbZIP110 could bind to the ACGT motif, impact the expression of many stress-related genes and the accumulation of proline, Na+and K+and enhanced the salt tolerance of composite seedlings and transgenicArabidopsis. Integrating all these results, we propose that GmbZIP110 plays a critical role in the response to salinity stress in soybean and has high potential usefulness in crop improvement.
Metabolism and Disposition of Aditoprim in Swine, Broilers, Carp and Rats
Authors: Wang Liye , Huang Lingli , Pan Yuanhu , Kuča Kamil , Klímová Blanka , Wu Qinghua , Xie Shuyu , Ahmad Ijaz , Chen Dongmei , Tao Yanfei , Wan Dan , Liu Zhenli , Yuan Zonghui 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAditoprim (ADP) is a newly developed antibacterial agent in veterinary medicine. The metabolism and disposition of ADP in swine, broilers, carp and rats were investigated by using a radio tracer method combined with a radioactivity detector and a liquid chromatography/ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. After a single oral administration, more than 94% of the dose was recovered within 14 d in the four species. The urine excretion was dominant in swine and rats, making up 78% of the dose. N-monodesmethyl-ADP, N-didesmethyl-ADP and 10 new metabolites were characterized. These metabolites were biotransformed from the process of demethylation, α-hydroxylation, N-oxidation and NH2-glucuronidation. After an oral dose for 7 d, ADP-derived radioactivity was widely distributed in tissues and high concentrations were especially observed in bile, liver, kidney, lung and spleen. The radioactivity in the liver was eliminated much more slowly than in other tissues, with a half-life of 4.26, 3.38, 6.69 and 5.21 d in swine, broilers, carp and rats, respectively. ADP, N-monodesmethyl-ADP and N-didesmethyl-ADP were the major metabolites in edible tissues. Notably, ADP was detected with the highest concentration and the longest duration in these tissues. These findings indicated that ADP is the marker residue and the liver is the residue target tissue.
Persistence Increases in the Absence of the Alarmone Guanosine Tetraphosphate by Reducing Cell Growth
Authors: Chowdhury Nityananda , Kwan Brian W. , Wood Thomas K. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractMost bacterial cells are stressed and as a result, some become tolerant to antibiotics by entering a dormant state known as persistence. The key intracellular metabolite that has been linked to this persister state is guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp), the alarmone that was first linked to nutrient stress. In Escherichia coli, ppGpp redirects protein production during nutrient stress by interacting with RNA polymerase directly and by inhibiting several proteins. Consistently, increased levels of ppGpp lead to increased persistence; but, the mechanism by which elevated ppGpp translates into persistence has not been determined. Hence, we explored persistence in the absence of ppGpp so that the underlying mechanism of persister cell formation could be explored. We found that persister cells still form, although at lower levels, in the absence of ppGpp. Additionally, the toxin/antitoxin systems that we investigated (MqsR, MazF, GhoT and YafQ) remain able to increase persistence dramatically in the absence of ppGpp. By overproducing each E. coli protein from the 4287 plasmid vectors of the ASKA library and selecting for increased persistence in the absence of ppGpp (via a relA spoT mutant), we identified five new proteins, YihS, PntA, YqjE, FocA and Zur, that increase persistence simply by reducing cell growth.
Human behaviour can trigger large carnivore attacks in developed countries
Authors: Penteriani Vincenzo , Delgado María del Mar , Pinchera Francesco , Naves Javier , Fernández-Gil Alberto , Kojola Ilpo , Härkönen Sauli , Norberg Harri , Frank Jens , Fedriani José María , Sahlén Veronica , Støen Ole-Gunnar , Swenson Jon E. , Wabakken Petter , Pellegrini Mario , Herrero Stephen , López-Bao José Vicente 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe media and scientific literature are increasingly reporting an escalation of large carnivore attacks on humans in North America and Europe. Although rare compared to human fatalities by other wildlife, the media often overplay large carnivore attacks on humans, causing increased fear and negative attitudes towards coexisting with and conserving these species. Although large carnivore populations are generally increasing in developed countries, increased numbers are not solely responsible for the observed rise in the number of attacks by large carnivores. Here we show that an increasing number of people are involved in outdoor activities and, when doing so, some people engage in risk-enhancing behaviour that can increase the probability of a risky encounter and a potential attack. About half of the well-documented reported attacks have involved risk-enhancing human behaviours, the most common of which is leaving children unattended. Our study provides unique insight into the causes and as a result the prevention, of large carnivore attacks on people. Prevention and information that can encourage appropriate human behaviour when sharing the landscape with large carnivores are of paramount importance to reduce both potentially fatal human-carnivore encounters and their consequences to large carnivores.
Transcriptional Profiles from Paired Normal Samples Offer Complementary Information on Cancer Patient Survival – Evidence from TCGA Pan-Cancer Data
Authors: Huang Xiu , Stern David F. , Zhao Hongyu 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAlthough normal tissue samples adjacent to tumors are sometimes collected from patients in cancer studies, they are often used as normal controls to identify genes differentially expressed between tumor and normal samples. However, it is in general more difficult to obtain and clearly define paired normal samples and whether these samples should be treated as “normal” due to their close proximity to tumors. In this article, by analyzing the accrued data in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we show the surprising results that the paired normal samples are in general more informative on patient survival than tumors. Different lines of evidence suggest that this is likely due to tumor micro-environment instead of tumor cell contamination or field cancerization effect. Pathway analyses suggest that tumor micro-environment may play an important role in cancer patient survival either by boosting the adjacent metabolism or thein situimmunization. Our results suggest the potential benefit of collecting and profiling matched normal tissues to gain more insights on disease etiology and patient progression.
The miR-130 family promotes cell migration and invasion in bladder cancer through FAK and Akt phosphorylation by regulating PTEN
Authors: Egawa Hiroshi , Jingushi Kentaro , Hirono Takayuki , Ueda Yuko , Kitae Kaori , Nakata Wataru , Fujita Kazutoshi , Uemura Motohide , Nonomura Norio , Tsujikawa Kazutake 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBladder cancer causes an estimated 150,000 deaths per year worldwide. Although 15% of the recurrent bladder cancer becomes an invasive type, currently used targeted therapy for malignant bladder cancer is still not efficient. We focused on the miR-130 family (miR-130b, miR-301a and miR-301b) that was significantly upregulated in bladder cancer specimens than that of the normal urothelial specimens. We analyzed the functional significance of miR-130 family using a 5637 bladder cancer cell line and revealed that miR-130 family of inhibitors suppressed cell migration and invasion by downregulating focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Akt phosphorylation. Mechanistic analyses indicate that the miR-130 family directly targets phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from chromosome 10 (PTEN), resulting in the upregulation of FAK and Akt phosphorylation. In clinical bladder cancer specimens, downregulation of PTEN was found to be closely correlated with miR-130 family expression levels. Overall, the miR-130 family has a crucial role in malignant progression of bladder cancer and thus the miR-130 family could be a promising therapeutic target for invasive bladder cancer.
Repeated cultivation: non-cell disruption extraction of astaxanthin for Haematococcus pluvialis
Authors: Sun Han , Guan Bin , Kong Qing , Geng Zhaoyan , Wang Ni 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe operation of cell disruption is indispensable but cost much in microalgae industry. To be simplified, two different reaction mechanisms await in the cell to respond to moderated or stressed environment. The physical and chemical changes of enzyme and turgor pressure of cell in this conversion play an important role in the enhancement of biomass and metabolites. Repeated turgor pressure (based on the structure and mechanics of cell wall) and converted enzyme system (based on photosynthesis) were used to loosen cell wall and then repeated cultivation of Haematococcus pluvialis for astaxanthin extraction was proposed. There was no significant difference of extraction yield between the broken cell (94.75 ± 3.13%) and non-broken cell (92.32 ± 3.24%) treated by the repeated cultivation. Meanwhile, fed-batch culture according to the relationship among pH and nutrient concentration was used to enhance the biomass of Haematococcus pluvialis with the dry cell weight of 1.63 ± 0.07 g/L.
Crossover from polariton lasing to exciton lasing in a strongly coupled ZnO microcavity
Authors: Lai Ying-Yu , Chou Yu-Hsun , Lan Yu-Pin , Lu Tien-Chang , Wang Shing-Chung , Yamamoto Yoshihisa 
Published: February 2016

AbstractUnlike conventional photon lasing, in which the threshold is limited by the population inversion of the electron-hole plasma, the exciton lasing generated by exciton-exciton scattering and the polariton lasing generated by dynamical condensates have received considerable attention in recent years because of the sub-Mott density and low-threshold operation. This paper presents a novel approach to generate both exciton and polariton lasing in a strongly coupled microcavity (MC) and determine the critical driving requirements for simultaneously triggering these two lasing operation in temperature <140 K and large negative polariton-exciton offset (<−133 meV) conditions. In addition, the corresponding lasing behaviors, such as threshold energy, linewidth, phase diagram and angular dispersion are verified. The results afford a basis from which to understand the complicated lasing mechanisms in strongly coupled MCs and verify a new method with which to trigger dual laser emission based on exciton and polariton.
Genetic regulation of salt stress tolerance revealed by RNA-Seq in cotton diploid wild species, Gossypium davidsonii
Authors: Zhang Feng , Zhu Guozhong , Du Lei , Shang Xiaoguang , Cheng Chaoze , Yang Bing , Hu Yan , Cai Caiping , Guo Wangzhen 
Published: February 2016

AbstractCotton is an economically important crop throughout the world and is a pioneer crop in salt stress tolerance research. Investigation of the genetic regulation of salinity tolerance will provide information for salt stress-resistant breeding. Here, we employed next-generation RNA-Seq technology to elucidate the salt-tolerant mechanisms in cotton using the diploid cotton species Gossypium davidsonii which has superior stress tolerance. A total of 4744 and 5337 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found to be involved in salt stress tolerance in roots and leaves, respectively. Gene function annotation elucidated salt overly sensitive (SOS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling pathways. Furthermore, we found that photosynthesis pathways and metabolism play important roles in ion homeostasis and oxidation balance. Moreover, our studies revealed that alternative splicing also contributes to salt-stress responses at the posttranscriptional level, implying its functional role in response to salinity stress. This study not only provides a valuable resource for understanding the genetic control of salt stress in cotton, but also lays a substantial foundation for the genetic improvement of crop resistance to salt stress.
Ferroelectric Metal in Tetragonal BiCoO3/BiFeO3 Bilayers and Its Electric Field Effect
Authors: Yin Li , Mi Wenbo , Wang Xiaocha 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBy first-principles calculations we investigate the electronic structure of tetragonal BiCoO3/BiFeO3 bilayers with different terminations. The multiferroic insulator BiCoO3 and BiFeO3 transform into metal in all of three models. Particularly, energetically favored model CoO2-BiO exhibits ferroelectric metallic properties, and external electric field enhances the ferroelectric displacements significantly. The metallic character is mainly associated to eg electrons, while t2g electrons are responsible for ferroelectric properties. Moreover, the strong hybridization between eg and O p electrons around Fermi level provides conditions to the coexistence of ferroelectric and metallic properties. These special behaviors of electrons are influenced by the interfacial electronic reconstruction with formed Bi-O electrovalent bond, which breaks OA-Fe/Co-OB coupling partially. Besides, the external electric field reverses spin polarization of Fe/Co ions efficiently, even reaching 100%.
Successful fault current interruption on DC circuit breaker
Authors: Shan Yunhai , Lim Tee C. , Williams Barry W. , Finney Stephen J. 
Published: February 2016

This study focus on the interruption capability of the DC circuit breaker employing a current commutation approach and evaluates the two main factors that determine the success rate for breaker current interruption, namely the current slope di/dt before current zero and the rate of rise of the transient recovery voltage dv/dt across the mechanical breaker contacts after current zero. A vacuum circuit breaker is used to evaluate DC breaker characteristics. Detailed mathematical and graphical analysis are presented for the proposed circuit operation used in analysing the circuit breaker properties, with simulation and experimental results at fault current levels up to 330 A.
Interpreting Competence and Cultural Differences
Authors: Choi Jungwha  
Published: February 2016

Dans la société de l’information actuelle, qui est basée sur la connaissance, la maîtrise d’une langue étrangère repose sur un ensemble de savoirs linguistiques dont la mobilisation constitue l’aboutissement d’un processus de pensée systématique. Cette maîtrise revêt un caractère autonome puisque le locuteur en fait usage dans le cadre d’un environnement culturel donné. A travers elle, compréhension, utilisation, production et transmission des informations linguistiques sont possibles. Lors de l’évaluation des connaissances linguistiques, le niveau de compréhension et d’expression se mesurent en premier lieu du point de vue de la langue considérée en tant que culture. On vérifiera ensuite que le locuteur est apte à manier cette langue avec correction et aisance, c’est-à-dire comme un outil de communication. Ces principes de base s’appliquent également à l’interprétation. La présente étude se propose d’analyser ce qui fait la maîtrise du processus interprétatif pour s’attacher ensuite à identifier les autres compétences qui sont requises pour mener à bien le passage d’une langue à une autre.
Cette définition évolue avec le temps, tout comme change la notion de maîtrise d’une langue. De la même manière, l’idée que l’on se fait des compétences d’un interprète, est évolutive notamment en termes linguistiques, thématiques et de communication. En particulier, ces deux premiers éléments de connaissance sont étroitement liés aux différences culturelles. Les facteurs d’explicitation et de localisation jouent un rôle décisif dans la mise en oeuvre d’une communication efficace par l’interprète et ces facteurs exigent l’acquisition d’un savoir-faire, de connaissances et d’une expérience qui sont spécifiques. Il faut aussi se souvenir que l’interprète n’est pas un simple médiateur linguistique, mais bien, lorsqu’il s’agit d’un professionnel, d’un double vecteur de communication sur les plans de la langue et de la culture.
Toward a Theory of Readers’ Expectations in Translation
Authors: Lee Chang-soo 
Published: February 2016

Cette étude a pour but de réfléchir sur la notion des attentes des lecteurs de traduction. Ce concept, souvent considéré comme idée clé dans les principales théories fonctionnalistes et culturelles de la traduction, a déjà fait l’objet de nombreuses recherches et réflexions. Les attentes des lecteurs constituent un facteur important qui oriente les stratégies que le traducteur utilise pour une traduction donnée. Il est donc regrettable de constater que rares sont les recherches systématiques et bien organisées en la matière.L’objectif de cette étude est de combler ce manque, en présentant une étude préalablement menée sur la traduction coréenne des formes d’adresse qui figurent dans les romans anglais et un sondage réalisé ultérieurement sur les attentes des lecteurs. L’étude a montré, que les traducteurs littéraires coréens ont tendance à traduire littéralement les formes d’adresse anglaises, même si celles-ci ne conviennent pas à la langue coréenne. Les participants au sondage, quant à eux, devaient lire un extrait d’un texte coréen traduit de l’anglais, comportant des traductions littérales des formes d’adresse anglaises qui ne sont pas conformes à la norme de la langue coréene, avant de répondre aux questions. 50 sur 60 participants ont considéré ces expressions comme acceptables et le reste les a trouvées inappropriées. Ce résultat indique que la majorité du groupe ne se répugne pas à la traduction littérale des formes d’adresse anglaises. Mais, il nous révèle également le danger de présupposer les attentes homogènes pour un groupe de lecteurs donné. Basé sur ce résultat, cet article conclut que la notion des attentes des lecteurs de traduction devra être mieux étudiée et explicitée avant d’être utilisée comme un outil explicatif du processus de traduction.
Study on Job Satisfaction and Directions for the Training of Conference Interpreters
Authors: Choi Jungwha 
Published: February 2016

Le présent article traite des résultats d’un sondage effectué auprès des interprètes de conférence en Corée du Sud et à l’étranger sur la satisfaction du métier et les motivations qui poussent à continuer à travailler comme interprète de conférence.
Les interprètes ont répondu qu’ils travaillaient comme interprètes de conférence pour les raisons suivantes : (1) C’est mon métier ; (2) J’apprends beaucoup ; (3) J’aime m’impliquer dans la communication.
Ceux qui envisageaient un changement de carrière ont cité les raisons suivantes : (1) Il n’existe aucune opportunité de promotion ou de développement de carrière ; (2) Je suis toujours obligé de véhiculer le message d’autrui ; (3) Je suis toujours obligé de travailler avec des gens différents.
A la question « quel genre de travail vous voulez combiner avec les activités d’interprétation ?», les interprètes coréens ont répondu leur souhait d’enseigner, tandis que beaucoup d’interprètes occidentaux ont répondu qu’ils souhaitaient écrire ou s’engager dans les négociations. A la question « quelles seraient les matières à enseigner aux interprètes de formation ? », les sondés ont répondu (1) techniques de présentation, (2) techniques de négociations, (3) techniques d’écriture. Il est intéressant de noter que la plupart ont répondu que les interprètes, étant des experts dans la communication des messages, il était important qu’ils apprennent à produire et à communiquer de manière efficace leurs propres messages également.
Translation in Enhancing National Brand
Authors: Choi Jungwha 
Published: February 2016

Les stratégies d’amélioration de la marque nationale exigent à la fois l’amélioration de la marque elle-même et une communication efficace. Concernant cette dernière, la traduction joue un rôle-clé. La nécessité de former des traducteurs de qualité tient à trois raisons. Premièrement, des traductions fidèles et promptes contribuent à véhiculer avec précision l’image d’une Corée compétitive. Deuxièmement, nous pouvons, à travers la traduction, faire découvrir les patrimoines spirituels hérités de nos ancêtres ainsi que la compétence de notre pays, ce qui aboutira à l’amélioration de la marque nationale. Troisièmement, la langue coréenne est une langue minoritaire sur le marché culturel mondial. Dans le contexte actuel de la mondialisation, la marque nationale est liée non seulement à l’image ou à la culture, mais également à la survie d’un pays.
La traduction est une condition préalable à l’amélioration de la marque nationale, étant donné qu’elle constitue un moyen de compréhension de la Corée par les étrangers.
Electronic properties of unstrained unrelaxed narrow gap InAsxSb1−x alloys
Authors: Suchalkin S , Ludwig J , Belenky G , Laikhtman B , Kipshidze G , Lin Y , Shterengas L , Smirnov D , Luryi S , Sarney W L , Svensson S P 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The electronic properties of unstrained unrelaxed InAs
x
Sb1−x
alloys have been determined in a wide range of alloy compositions using IR magnetospectroscopy, magnetotransport and IR photoluminescence. All studied alloys have n-type background doping with electron concentration decreasing with the Sb content. The composition dependence of the background doping concentration follows an empirical exponential law in a wide range of compositions. Both bandgap and electron effective mass dependence on alloy composition exhibit negative bowing reaching lowest values at x  =  0.63: E
g  =  0.10 eV, m*  =  0.0082 m
0 at 4.2 K. The bowing coefficient of 0.038 m
0 obtained for the electron effective mass is in good agreement with that obtained from the Kane model.
Comment on ‘Molecular structure-dependent deformations in boron nitride nanostructures subject to an electrical field’
Authors: Seyyed Fakhrabadi Mir Masoud 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The nanomechanical deformation and buckling characteristics of boron nitride nanostructures including boron nitride nanotubes and sheets under an external electric field were analyzed in Zhang et al (2013 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 46 235303). A mistake in the consideration of the type of chemical bond between boron and nitride atoms was made that affected the reported results. The authors considered the bond between the atoms ionic but they actually bond to each other via covalent bonds. In this comment, the mentioned problem is going to be discussed and its effects on the final results are to be analyzed.