bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extremum properties of lattice packing and covering with circles
Authors: Gruber Peter M. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Recent results on extremum properties of the density of lattice packings of smooth convex bodies and balls extend and refine Voronoĭ’s classical criterion for balls. This article treats in more detail the special case of lattice packings and coverings with circular discs. The aim is to determine those lattices for which the densities of the corresponding packings and coverings with circular discs, and certain products and quotients thereof, are semi-stationary, stationary, extreme, and ultra-extreme. The latter notion is a sharper version of extremality. It turns out that in all cases where solutions exist, the regular hexagonal lattices are solutions. Unexpectedly, in a few cases the square lattices and in one case special parallelogram lattices are solutions too. A further surprise is the fact that the lattices forwhich the circle packing density is extreme coincide with the lattices with ultra-extreme density. For semi-stationarity, stationarity and ultra-extremality the duality between packing and covering results breaks down. All results may be interpreted in terms of binary positive definite quadratic forms.
Modelling Of Flotation Processes By Classical Mathematical Methods – A Review
Authors: Jovanović Ivana , Miljanović Igor 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Flotation process modelling is not a simple task, mostly because of the process complexity, i.e. the presence of a large number of variables that (to a lesser or a greater extent) affect the final outcome of the mineral particles separation based on the differences in their surface properties. The attempts toward the development of the quantitative predictive model that would fully describe the operation of an industrial flotation plant started in the middle of past century and it lasts to this day.
This paper gives a review of published research activities directed toward the development of flotation models based on the classical mathematical rules. The description and systematization of classical flotation models were performed according to the available references, with emphasize exclusively given to the flotation process modelling, regardless of the model application in a certain control system. In accordance with the contemporary considerations, models were classified as the empirical, probabilistic, kinetic and population balance types. Each model type is presented through the aspects of flotation modelling at the macro and micro process levels.
New-Generation Sealing Slurries For Borehole Injection Purposes
Authors: Stryczek Stanisław , Gonet Andrzej , Wiśniowski Rafał , Złotkowski Albert 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The development of techniques and technologies thanks to which parameters of the ground medium can be modified makes specialists look for new recipes of geopolymers – binders for the reinforcing and sealing of unstable and permeable grounds. The sealing slurries are expected to meet a number of strict requirements, therefore it is important to find new admixtures and additives which could modify the fresh and hardened slurry. Special attention has been recently paid to the fluid ash – a by-product of the combustion of hard coals. However, the use of this additive is associated with the application of appropriate superplastifier.
Laboratory analyses of rheological parameters of fresh sealing slurries and the ways of improving their liquidity by a properly selected third-generation superplastifier are presented in the paper. The slurries were based on Portland cement CEM I, milled granulated large-furnace slag and fly ash from fluidized-bed combustion of hard coal.
Experimental Study On The Effect Of Micro-Cracks On Brazilian Tensile Strength
Authors: Wang Xiangyu 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
For coal mine ground control issues, it is necessary to propose a failure criteria accounting for the transversely isotropic behaviors of rocks. Hence, it is very helpful to provide experimental data for the validation of the failure criteria. In this paper, the method for preparing transversely isotropic specimens and the scheme of the Brazilian tensile strength test are presented. Results obtained from Brazilian split tests under dry and water-saturated conditions reflect the effect of the development direction β of the structural plane, such as the bedding fissure, on the tensile strength, ultimate displacement, failure mode, and the whole splitting process. The results show that the tensile strength decreases linearly with increasing β. The softening coefficient of the tensile strength shows a sinusoidal function. The values of the slope and inflection point for the curve vary at the different stages of the Brazilian test. The failure mode of the rock specimen presented in this paper generally coincides with the standard Brazilian splitting failure mode. Based on the test results, the major influencing factors for the Brazilian splitting strength are analyzed and a mathematical model for solving the Brazilian splitting strength is proposed. The findings in this paper would greatly benefit the coal mine ground control studies when the surrounding rocks of interest show severe transversely isotropic behaviors.
Analysis Of The Impact Of The Coal Bed Inclination And The Direction Of Exploitation On Surface Deformation
Authors: Kowalski Andrzej , Polanin Piotr 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The article presents deformation indexes for three examples, for which the quantitative relations of extreme values were described, including the influence of a coal bed dip and a direction of exploitation. The conclusion regards the mining prevention on minimizing longwall deformation. New experience allows improving methods of theoretical description of deformation, which is the aim of the research continuing at the Central Mining Institute.
Nitrogen Injection To Flush Coal Seam Gas Out Of Coal: An Experimental Study
Authors: Zhang Lei , Aziz Naj , Ren Ting , Nemcik Jan , Tu Shihao 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Several mines operating in the Bulli seam of the Sydney Basin in NSW, Australia are experiencing difficulties in reducing gas content within the available drainage lead time in various sections of the coal deposit. Increased density of drainage boreholes has proven to be ineffective, particularly in sections of the coal seam rich in CO2. Plus with the increasing worldwide concern on green house gas reduction and clean energy utilisation, significant attention is paid to develop a more practical and economical method of enhancing the gas recovery from coal seams. A technology based on N2 injection was proposed to flush the Coal Seam Gas (CSG) out of coal and enhance the gas drainage process. In this study, laboratory tests on CO2 and CH4 gas recovery from coal by N2 injection are described and results show that N2 flushing has a significant impact on the CO2 and CH4 desorption and removal from coal. During the flushing stage, it was found that N2 flushing plays a more effective role in reducing adsorbed CH4 than CO2. Comparatively, during the desorption stage, the study shows gas desorption after N2 flushing plays a more effective role in reducing adsorbed CO2 than CH4.
Orbit Design and Simulation for Kufasat Nanosatellite
Authors: Mahdi Mohammed Chessab 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Orbit design for KufaSat Nano-satellites is presented. Polar orbit is selected for the KufaSat mission. The orbit was designed with an Inclination which enables the satellite to see every part of the earth. KufaSat has a payload for imaging purposes which require a large amount of power, so the orbit is determined to be sun synchronous in order to provide the power through solar panels. The KufaSat mission is designed for the low earth orbit. The six initial Keplerian Elements of KufaSat are calculated. The orbit design of KufaSat according to the calculated Keplerian elements has been simulated and analyzed by using MATLAB first and then by using General Mission Analysis Tool.
Accuracy Assessment Study of UNB3m Neutral Atmosphere Model for Global Tropospheric Delay Mitigation
Authors: Farah Ashraf 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Tropospheric delay is the second major source of error after the ionospheric delay for satellite navigation systems. The transmitted signal could face a delay caused by the troposphere of over 2m at zenith and 20m at lower satellite elevation angles of 10 degrees and below. Positioning errors of 10m or greater can result from the inaccurate mitigation of the tropospheric delay. Many techniques are available for tropospheric delay mitigation consisting of surface meteorological models and global empirical models. Surface meteorological models need surface meteorological data to give high accuracy mitigation while the global empirical models need not. Several hybrid neutral atmosphere delay models have been developed by (University of New Brunswick, Canada) UNB researchers over the past decade or so. The most widely applicable current version is UNB3m, which uses the Saastamoinen zenith delays, Niell mapping functions, and a look-up table with annual mean and amplitude for temperature, pressure, and water vapour pressure varying with respect to latitude and height. This paper presents an assessment study of the behaviour of the UNB3m model compared with highly accurate IGS-tropospheric estimation for three different (latitude/height) IGS stations. The study was performed over four nonconsecutive weeks on different seasons over one year (October 2014 to July 2015). It can be concluded that using UNB3m model gives tropospheric delay correction accuracy of 0.050m in average for low latitude regions in all seasons. The model's accuracy is about 0.075m for medium latitude regions, while its highest accuracy is about 0.014m for high latitude regions.
Multi-gnss as a combination of gps, glonass and beidou measurements carried out in real time
Authors: Siejka Zbigniew 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this paper the advantages of using combination of different GNSS including GPS,
GLONASS and BeiDou with respect to singe GPS are presented. It was shown that an
improvement of satellite conditions at the chosen measurement point due to increase of the
number of visible satellites has an impact on RTK measurement errors. Additionally, it was
shown that there are systematic errors in RTK measurements that can be eliminated to get
more precise results of them, especially in the case of height determination.
New feed supplement from macroalgae
as the dietary source of microelements for pigs
Authors: Michalak Izabela , Chojnacka Katarzyna , Korniewicz Daniel 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The aim of the study was to perform feeding experiments on growing pigs in order to assess the impact of macroalga Enteromorpha sp. enriched with Zn(II) and Cu(II) ions via the biosorption process on the mineral composition of blood, meat, liver, feces and urine. In the control group, microelements were supplemented as inorganic salts, whereas in the experimental groups they were replaced by enriched macroalga. After 3 months of the feeding experiment, it was found that the meat was biofortified with Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn. The average content of Zn in the blood from the pigs fed with algae was higher by 9.5%, compared to that in the blood from pigs in the control group. The liver of growing pigs from the experimental group contained 16% less Cu and 18% less Zn than the liver in the control group. Growing pigs fed with macroalgae excreted in feces 27% more Zn than growing pigs in the control group, but 3.5 times less Cu. It could be concluded that the bioavailability of microelements to pigs from algae was higher than from the inorganic salts. Baltic macroalgae enriched with microelement ions could be potentially used as a biological feed additive.
Kinetic determination of tannic acid using a Belousov-Zhabotinskii oscillating system catalyzed by a macrocyclic complex
Authors: Liu Tingting , Chen Yangyang , Hu Gang , Shen Xiaofeng , Song Jimei , Hu Lin 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
An analytical method for the determination of tannic acid is proposed by the sequential perturbation caused by different amounts of tannic acid on the Belousov-Zhabotinskii oscillating system. The oscillating system is catalyzed by tetraazamacrocyclic complex [CuL](ClO4)2, where L is 5,7,7,12,14,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-4,11-diene. The method relies on the linear relationship between the changes in the inhibition time and the logarithm of the concentration of tannic acid. The calibration curve obeys a linear equation very well when the concentration of tannic acid is over the range of 6.25 × 10-7 ~ 1.56 × 10- 5 M (n = 16, R = 0.9984). This analytical method, equipped with a simple instrument, provides a new way to accurate determination of tannic acid.
An Adaptive Finite Element Multi-Mesh Approach for Interacting Deformable Objects in Flow
Authors: Ling Siqi , Marth Wieland , Praetorius Simon , Voigt Axel 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
We consider a hydrodynamic multi-phase field problem to model the interaction of deformable objects. The numerical approach considers one phase field variable for each object and allows for an independent adaptive mesh refinement for each variable. Using the special structure of various terms allows interpolating the solution on one mesh onto another without loss of information. Together with a general multi-mesh concept for the other terms speedup by a factor of two can be demonstrated which improves with the number of interacting objects. The general concept is demonstrated on an example describing the interaction of red blood cells in an idealized vessel.
On professional and non-professional interpreting in healthcare services: the case of intercultural mediators
Authors: Baraldi Claudio , Gavioli Laura 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA debate that has revolved around the organisation of Italian healthcare interpreting services concerns the choice adopted by most institutions to employ intercultural mediators rather than professional interpreters. Intercultural mediators do not necessarily have a professional training in interpreting, they are, however, preferred to professional interpreters in that they are considered more competent in mediating the possibly different perspectives of healthcare providers and migrant patients. This preference provides food for thought for reflections on professionalism in interpreter-mediated interaction in healthcare. Drawing form a 10-year research on mediator-interpreted interactions in healthcare and a set of data comprising around 250 consultations, our contribution sets out as an attempt to clarify what is involved in this mediating work. Our analysis shows that mediators’ agency is relevant both in providing renditions of participants’ utterances and in promoting their active participation in the interaction. We describe the different ways in which mediators’ agency is displayed in interactions and the interactional constraints on mediators’ choices of action. Suggestions derived from our analysis may have an impact on the improvement of both mediators’ and interpreters’ professionalism with particular reference to facilitating communication with migrant patients, an aspect that has been recognized as highly problematic in the literature.
Preliminary analysis of the forest health state based on multispectral images acquired by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Czapski Paweł , Kacprzak Mariusz , Kotlarz Jan , Mrowiec Karol , Kubiak Katarzyna , Tkaczyk Miłosz 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The main purpose of this publication is to present the current progress of the work associated with the use of a lightweight unmanned platforms for various environmental studies. Current development in information technology, electronics and sensors miniaturisation allows mounting multispectral cameras and scanners on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that could only be used on board aircraft and satellites. Remote Sensing Division in the Institute of Aviation carries out innovative researches using multisensory platform and lightweight unmanned vehicle to evaluate the health state of forests in Wielkopolska province. In this paper, applicability of multispectral images analysis acquired several times during the growing season from low altitude (up to 800m) is presented. We present remote sensing indicators computed by our software and common methods for assessing state of trees health. The correctness of applied methods is verified using analysis of satellite scenes acquired by Landsat 8 OLI instrument (Operational Land Imager).
Stakeholder analysis in the biomass energy development based on the experts’ opinions: the example of Triglav National Park in Slovenia
Authors: Grilli Gianluca , Garegnani Giulia , Poljanec Aleš , Ficko Andrej , Vettorato Daniele , De Meo Isabella , Paletto Alessandro 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The paper presents a method for identifying and classifying local stakeholders involved in renewable energy development. The method is based on the expert assessment and comprises three main steps: (1) identification of the independent experts considering their expertise and knowledge of the local context; (2) identification of the local stakeholders based on expert assessment; and (3) analytical categorisation of stakeholders taking into account the professional relationship network. Using forest biomass (bioenergy) production as example, the stakeholder analysis is illustrated on the case study of Triglav National Park, which is characterised by a high potential of woody biomass production and a large number of stakeholders involved in land use and management. The first stage of stakeholder analysis identifies the key stakeholders to be involved in bioenergy development, through a survey with local experts. The results highlight eight key stakeholders and several primary and secondary stakeholders that should be involved to ensure socially acceptable decision-making about the renewable energy development in the Triglav National Park.
Effect of winter conditions on wild ungulates mortality in the Owl Mountains (Poland)
Authors: Warchałowski Marcin , Nowakowski Piotr , Dancewicz Andrzej 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Relations between climatic factors during the winter season (n days with frost <0oC and −10oC; n days with snow cover: >1 cm, >10 cm and >30 cm; maximum snow cover during season [cm]) and mortality in free-living ungulates (red deer Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758, roe deer Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758 and mouflon Ovis aries musimon Linnaeus, 1758) in the Owl Mountains (Lower Silesia – Poland) in years 1998–2010 were investigated. Significant effects of all analysed climatic factors on ungulates mortality were documented. Correlations (Pearson) between such weather factors as the depth of snow cover and number of days with frost and recorded mortality in total animal populations analysed ranged from r = 0.33 to r = 0.77. The least adapted to local weather conditions was mouflon introduced to this area ca. 100 years ago from more southern parts of Europe. Roe deer species seems to be environmentally plastic, and are doing quite well in severe winters. Tolerance of red deer to the snow cover is much lower at low temperatures due to the fact that this species, during the period of snow cover, has limited access to the plants covered with snow and difficult access to food base.
Polish Notation
Authors: Huuskonen Taneli 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This article is the first in a series formalizing some results in
my joint work with Prof. Joanna Golinska-Pilarek ([12] and [13]) concerning a
logic proposed by Prof. Andrzej Grzegorczyk ([14]).

We present some mathematical folklore about representing formulas in “Polish
notation”, that is, with operators of fixed arity prepended to their arguments.
This notation, which was published by Jan Łukasiewicz in [15], eliminates the
need for parentheses and is generally well suited for rigorous reasoning about
syntactic properties of formulas.
Grzegorczyk’s Logics. Part I
Authors: Huuskonen Taneli 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This article is the second in a series formalizing some results in my joint work with Prof. Joanna Golinska-Pilarek ([9] and [10]) concerning a logic proposed by Prof. Andrzej Grzegorczyk ([11]).
This part presents the syntax and axioms of Grzegorczyk’s Logic of Descriptions (LD) as originally proposed by him, as well as some theorems not depending on any semantic constructions. There are both some clear similarities and fundamental differences between LD and the non-Fregean logics introduced by Roman Suszko in [15]. In particular, we were inspired by Suszko’s semantics for his non-Fregean logic SCI, presented in [16].
Polynomially Bounded Sequences and Polynomial Sequences
Authors: Okazaki Hiroyuki , Futa Yuichi 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this article, we formalize polynomially bounded sequences that plays an important role in computational complexity theory. Class P is a fundamental computational complexity class that contains all polynomial-time decision problems [11], [12]. It takes polynomially bounded amount of computation time to solve polynomial-time decision problems by the deterministic Turing machine. Moreover we formalize polynomial sequences [5].
Fermat’s Little Theorem via Divisibility of Newton’s Binomial
Authors: Ziobro Rafał 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Solving equations in integers is an important part of the number theory [29]. In many cases it can be conducted by the factorization of equation’s elements, such as the Newton’s binomial. The article introduces several simple formulas, which may facilitate this process. Some of them are taken from relevant books [28], [14].
In the second section of the article, Fermat’s Little Theorem is proved in a classical way, on the basis of divisibility of Newton’s binomial. Although slightly redundant in its content (another proof of the theorem has earlier been included in [12]), the article provides a good example, how the application of registrations could shorten the length of Mizar proofs [9], [17].
The Orthogonal Projection and the Riesz Representation Theorem
Authors: Narita Keiko , Endou Noboru , Shidama Yasunari 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this article, the orthogonal projection and the Riesz representation theorem are mainly formalized. In the first section, we defined the norm of elements on real Hilbert spaces, and defined Mizar functor RUSp2RNSp, real normed spaces as real Hilbert spaces. By this definition, we regarded sequences of real Hilbert spaces as sequences of real normed spaces, and proved some properties of real Hilbert spaces. Furthermore, we defined the continuity and the Lipschitz the continuity of functionals on real Hilbert spaces.
Referring to the article [15], we also defined some definitions on real Hilbert spaces and proved some theorems for defining dual spaces of real Hilbert spaces. As to the properties of all definitions, we proved that they are equivalent properties of functionals on real normed spaces. In Sec. 2, by the definitions [11], we showed properties of the orthogonal complement. Then we proved theorems on the orthogonal decomposition of elements of real Hilbert spaces. They are the last two theorems of existence and uniqueness. In the third and final section, we defined the kernel of linear functionals on real Hilbert spaces. By the last three theorems, we showed the Riesz representation theorem, existence, uniqueness, and the property of the norm of bounded linear functionals on real Hilbert spaces. We referred to [36], [9], [24] and [3] in the formalization.