bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectives to receive oral health information in bus stands and their knowledge, attitudes and practices of passengers in Rangareddy district, Telangana state, India: a cross sectional survey
Authors: Anjum M D Shakeel , Reddy Parthasarathi , Monica M , Rao K Yadav , Abbas Irram , Akula Sheetal , Reddy Ramvilas 
Published: March 2017

Aim: The aim of the study is to know the opinion of the passengers travelling by bus in receiving oral health information in bus stands through various methods, and to know their knowledge, attitude and practice regarding the oral health.Material and Methods: A Cross-sectional study was carried out at ten bus stands of Ranga Reddy district, Telangana State. A 400 passengers were decided to be included as subjects to obtain information by interview method with a pretested questionnaire, for the sake of convenience as sampling was difficult. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test was applied using SPSS version 20.0. Results: A total of 400 passengers completed the survey. Eighty-five percent of the passengers agreed that bus stands should have oral health related information. Forty percent of the passengers preferred to receive oral hygiene instructions printed behind the ticket followed by posters and through television. Fifty-five percent of passengers preferred that oral health informative posters should be pasted near platforms.Conclusions: Majority of the passengers preferred to receive oral health information in bus stands. Hence, efforts should be directed by government in spreading the oral health information among public through this mode too.
Influence of different dentin drying methods on adhesive behavior of composite restorations
Authors: De Souza Helena Reis , Perotto Stéfanie Thieme , Erhardt Maria Carolina Guilherme , Lima Fabio Garcia , Spohr Ana Maria , Klein Júnior Celso Afonso , Coelho de Souza Fabio Herrmann 
Published: March 2017

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the influence of four different dentin drying methods (air drying for 10s, absorbent paper, endodontic suction cannula and air drying for 10s with subsequent re-wetting with distilled water), after etching with phosphoric acid gel 37%, on bond strength and microleakage of composite restorations.Material and Methods: Twenty sound bovine incisors were selected and sectioned transversely. The buccal surfaces were frayed until exposure of dentin, etched and washed with distilled water. Each specimen was subjected to one of the four different drying methods. A 3-step total-etch adhesive system (Adper Scotchbond™ Multi-Purpose) was used on 10 teeth and on the other 10, a 2-step total-etch adhesive system (Adper Single BondT™ 2) was used. Composite resin restorations in cylindrical shapes were made and, after thermocycling, the teeth were subjected to the microshear bond strength test. Cervical areas of the teeth were prepared and restored with the same techniques describe above. Cervical restorations were cut and subjected to microleakage analysis in the cervical margin. Data obtained were tabulated and statistically analyzed, using ANOVA, Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and the significance level was set at 5%.Results: The results showed no statistically significant differences among the groups tested.Conclusions: It was concluded that all drying methods tested represent feasible alternatives to clinical application for total etch dentin-bonding agents.
Catadores e movimento social
Authors: Souza Juliana Soares de , Zanin Maria 
Published: March 2017

O objetivo do presente trabalho é demonstrar importância do tema estudado, mediante pesquisa bibliográfica empreendida, tendo como objeto, pesquisas que empregaram os termos “Movimento Social” e “Catadores de Materiais Recicláveis” e seus respectivos correlatos, na base de dados CAPES, no período compreendido entre os anos de 2010 a 2012. Para isso foi indispensável conceituar ambos os termos, por meio de publicações com reconhecimento científico atestado. A pesquisa bibliométrica apontou para as peculiares das publicações e permitiu uma análise pormenorizada da justificativa sobre a importância da temática movimento social de catadores de materiais recicláveis no campo científico, conceituado no trabalho como ferramenta de divulgação e reivindicação de direitos sociais, por ora renegados pela sociedade brasileira, cuja desigualdade social alimenta a exclusão.
Construção do conhecimento em tempos atuais: os problemas da utilização do Google como principal fonte de pesquisa
Authors: Batista André Luiz França , Simões Bruno Dos Santos , Ceolin Taíse 
Published: March 2017

<p class="ResumoRevista">Este artigo sinaliza algumas das contribuições da Internet para a gestão e construção do conhecimento nos últimos 20 anos. Posteriormente é discutido como empresas privadas, especificamente o Google, tem determinado o modo pelo qual as pessoas tem acesso à vasta quantidade de informação disponível <em>online</em>. A invasão de privacidade e o fornecimento de resultados personalizados conforme o perfil de cada pessoa, também são tratados neste trabalho, bem como os riscos decorrentes disto. Por fim, são propostas algumas medidas para que os indivíduos não permaneçam presos a um ciclo de informações repetidas, e assim tenham acesso a conteúdos que antes não estariam ao seu alcance virtual.</p>
AS FUNÇÕES DA EXPERIMENTAÇÃO NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS E MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Limberger Karen Martins , Delgado Brandolt Thelma Duarte , Bertoglio Diana Schuch 
Published: March 2017

O trabalho buscou analisar as percepções de alunos do mestrado em Educação em Ciências e Matemática da PUCRS sobre a função da experimentação no ensino de Ciências e Matemática. O estudo teve como ponto de partida um levantamento das percepções dos mestrandos por meio de depoimentos escritos que, posteriormente, foram transcritos e cujos dados foram submetidos à Análise Textual Discursiva. Com base nessas informações, constatou-se que a função da experimentação no Ensino de Ciências e Matemática possibilita a integração entre teoria e prática, beneficia a contextualização, desafia e contribui para a motivação do aluno, desenvolve habilidades e competências e favorece a reconstrução do conhecimento.
Numerical Simulation of CO2-EOR and Storage Potential in the Morrow Formation, Ochiltree County, Texas
Authors: Ampomah W. , Balch R. S. , Cather M. , Rose-Coss D. , Gragg E. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This paper presents a numerical study of CO2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and storage in partially depleted reservoirs. A field-scale compositional reservoir flow model was developed for assessing the performance history of a CO2 flood and optimizing oil production and CO2 storage in the Farnsworth Field Unit (FWU), Ochiltree County, Texas.
A geocellular model was constructed from geophysical and geological data acquired at the site. The model aided in characterization of heterogeneities in the Pennsylvanian-aged Morrow sandstone reservoir. Seismic attributes illuminated previously unknown faults and structural elements within the field. A laboratory fluid analysis was tuned to an equation of state and subsequently used to predict the thermodynamic minimum miscible pressure (MMP). Datasets including net-to-gRose ratio, volume of shale, permeability, and burial history were used to model initial fault transmissibility based on the Sperivick model. An improved history match of primary and secondary recovery was performed to set the basis for a CO2 flood study. The performance of the current CO2 miscible flood patterns were subsequently calibrated to historical production and injection data. Several prediction models were constructed to study the effect of recycling, addition of wells and/or new patterns, water alternating gas (WAG) cycles and optimum amount of CO2 purchase on incremental oil production and CO2 storage in the FWU.
The history matching study successfully validated the presence of the previously-undetected faults within FWU that were seen in the seismic survey. The analysis of the various prediction scenarios showed that recycling a high percentage of produced gas, addition of new wells and a gradual reduction in CO2 purchase after several years of operation would be the best approach to ensure a high percentage of recoverable incremental oil and sequestration of anthropogenic CO2 within the Morrow reservoir.
Chelating Agents in Productivity Enhancement: A Review
Authors: Almubarak Tariq , Ng Jun Hong , Nasr-El-Din Hisham 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This literature review summarizes the theory and application of chelating agents in acidizing both carbonate and sandstone formations, and in hydraulic fracturing. The objective of this work is to explain the key role that chelating agents play in stimulation.
This paper reviews results that were obtained through various laboratory tests, which aid in understanding chelating agent interactions with formation rock and fluids. Results were obtained through the following tests: coreflooding, corrosion tests, compatibility, Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD).
At high temperatures, conventional acids such as HCl show severe corrosion, lack of penetration and sludging characteristics. Several organic acids were proposed in the reviewed literature to solve these issues. However, even organic acids result in solubility and incompatibility issues. Based on these shortcomings, chelating agents are often used and show good dissolving power, low corrosion, low sludging tendencies, excellent iron control, and some are highly degradable and environmentally friendly. In addition to acidizing, chelating agents allow for the application of saline water fracturing because of their water-softening properties. They also contribute to high-temperature water fracturing through delayed chelation of both the crosslinker and breaker.
This work summarizes the applications of chelating agents in the stimulation sector. Over 100 papers were reviewed, including the latest developments and field applications of this technology. Readers can easily expand on this paper to further explore the wide range of applications chelating agents can offer the oil and gas industry.
Optimizing Shale Development: Another Approach By Means of Multilateral Wellbores
Authors: Durst Doug G. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Multilateral (ML) wells have been synonymous with the means to improve recovery from conventional reservoirs by adding drainage. Throughout the years, there have been limited ML well applications in various US unconventional plays. Widespread use has likely been curtailed by the challenging commodity price environment that has forced operators to drill and complete wells faster to lower recovery costs and provide production to the market quicker. This paper discusses the use of ML technology in unconventional programs to optimize shale development.
Thousands of ML wells have been drilled and completed to date in many conventional applications worldwide. Applications range from benign projects to more complex programs that include deepwater, subsea, and extended-reach projects. Many unconventional heavy oil applications have been developed in various regions using ML technology during the last 20 years. The use of ML technology in many of these applications created efficiency in the operator's development plans because fewer wells were necessary to drain reservoirs more effectively. This helped save drilling and completion, production and surface equipment, and all other related infrastructure costs. Early this decade, ML technology also began to make inroads in the shale oil and gas marketplace.
ML technology has been used to develop a limited number of unconventional shale and tight oil and gas wells in both Canada and the contiguous US. Some of the published data addressed the operational issues, surface logistics, and general efficiencies of many of these previous ML multistage projects. This paper presents a case study that examines in additional detail the drilling and completion of two single horizontal wells vs. a single ML well in an unconventional play.
This paper discusses the potential benefits of ML applications and modifications to consider during the drilling and completion of shale and/or tight oil and gas wells. Objective viewpoints are also presented to generate further discussion.
A Novel Cement System to Ensure Slurry Stability in Horizontal Well
Authors: Doan Angela Anh , Holley Andrew Christopher , Li Li , Kellum Matthew Grady 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Typical additives used to help suspend cement slurries at high temperatures include either biopolymers, such as polysaccharides, or synthetic polymers. The biopolymers typically degrade at elevated temperatures while the synthetic polymers tend to severely thermal thin leading to inadequate performance from either. This work describes an additive to improve cement slurry stability at higher temperature ranges in horizontal well.
A modified thickening time test, commonly referred to as a dynamic settling test, was used to demonstrate the stability of cement slurries at high temperatures. Free fluid tests were also performed where the cement slurries were exposed to downhole conditions prior to evaluating their stability. Ambient rheology profiles were examined to assure that the slurries can be mixed, pumped, and placed without excessive pressures. The effectiveness of this novel additive on fluid loss control is also exhibited by performing stirred fluid loss tests at elevated temperatures.
Cement slurry stability is especially difficult to achieve in long, horizontal well cementing, where the slurry is exposed to high temperatures over long periods. The novel cementing additive presented here can help simplify otherwise complex cement slurry designs, which are needed to help meet all operational requirements. In particular, the material helps eliminate the need for excessive viscosifying agents in combination with large quantities of dispersant in order to maintain slurry stability at higher temperatures. The paper compares the effectiveness on cement slurry properties such as stability, free fluid, rheology, and fluid loss control. The tests were conducted from 200 °F to 400 °F in the laboratory at varying concentrations and cement densities. The problems, current solutions, newly developed solution and case history will be discussed in the paper.
The work detailed shows that the new additive improves high-temperature cement slurry stability without high surface rheology and the associated mixing/pumping challenges. By providing this stability for horizontal wells, the cement slurry will prevent undesirable consequences which could result in remedial work, poor fracture treatment, communication between zones, and millions of dollars spent in additional completion costs and lost production.
Combination of Light Annular-Mud Drilling and Downhole Isolation Valve for Drilling in Fractured Gas Reservoir, A Case Study
Authors: Ezer Enos Eben , Pratama Andi , Irawan Fikri 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The South Sumatra Field in Indonesia produces from a high deliverability gas reservoir with the gas rate of each well around 50 to 200 MMSCFD. The primary target is the fractured network present in the Pre- tertiary Granite/Andesite while the secondary target is the Tertiary carbonate.
In the past decade, Light Annular Mud Cap Drilling (LAMCD) is one of Manage Pressure Drilling (MPD) methods that has been frequently applied to drill in the surrounding areas of South Sumatra's oil and gas fields. The LAMCD method allows drilling to continue despite experiencing total loss of circulation in the fractured reservoir. Sacrificial fluid, usually fresh water, is injected down into the wellbore through the drill pipe. Viscous fluid with the density slightly lower than the pore pressure is injected intermittently into the annulus. The challenge occurs prior to tripping out where the well needs to be balanced. The killing operation contributes additional cost from the lost circulation materials, additional operation days or non-productive time (NPT) and inflicts damage into the reservoir due to the injected LCM.
The downhole isolation valve (DIV) system is integrated into the 9-5/8″ casing string to cope with the challenge. By using this system, the requirement to kill the well while tripping out is eliminated. The successful utilization of LAMCD and DIV is elaborated in this paper as part of the drilling program and the combination of the two principles are applied. This paper focuses on the utilization of LAMCD and DIV in a case study of Drilling Well X which was drilled in the South Sumatra Field.
Leveraging CLD Potentials: Optimizing Economics Through Dynamic Well Control
Authors: Ziegler Robert , Baldwin Evelyn 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
When the oil price is down, the gloves come off! Maximizing the full potential of closed-loop drilling (CLD) techniques to achieve dynamic well control and effectively slash costs is one often overlooked solution: Leveraging on the experience of numerous operations, this paper will showcase the operational impact of CLD to demonstrate why CLD technologies are one of the most underutilized performance drilling tools available to the market, yielding operational process safety improvements and cost-savings unattainable with conventional methods.
Reducing Operational Spend: Cost-Savings Analysis of Proactive MPD Utilization in a Deepwater Setting
Authors: Hernandez Angel , Lemos Maíra , Clemente Fabricio , Giral Luis , Santos Lucas 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Some operators estimate that lost circulation and well control events contribute to nearly 30% of total wellbore costs. In challenging deepwater drilling frontiers in which risks, nonproductive time (NPT), and associated costs are most substantial, the optimum drilling solution uses vessels equipped for managed pressure drilling (MPD).
Land operators traditionally rely on MPD technology as a contingency plan to overcome obstacles; however, deepwater operators tend to be more reluctant to adopt this practice because of the belief that cost of installation exceeds the cost of setbacks. On the contrary, MPD technologies enable the operator to significantly reduce fluid losses, NPT, and costs associated with wellbore-related pressure events. In fact, one example is the corrective responsiveness provided by the MPD variants of pressurized mud-cap drilling (PMCD) and floating mud-cap drilling (FMCD) can reduce costs associated with fluid losses by up to 40%.
This paper will evaluate the economic benefits of a proactive MPD installation. In a conventionally drilled, deepwater well with an MPD-ready rig in Brazil, the MPD stack was not installed on the riser and total losses were experienced resulting in 13 days of NPT. An economic analysis cross-comparing the cost of having an MPD stack installed for contingency use versus having the equipment on standby during conventional drilling will illustrate the cost reduction that an MPD-ready vessel provides.
Case Study: First Experience of Developing an Influx Management Envelope IME for a Deepwater MPD Operation
Authors: Gabaldon O. R. , Brand P. R. , Culen M. S. , Haq I. U. , Gonzalez-Luis R. A. , Silva T. Pinheiro , Puerto G. , Bacon W. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The Influx Management Envelope (IME) proposed by Culen et al. (2016) is an advanced, innovative way to assess influx conditions in Managed Pressure Drilling operations, offering an improved tool for the decision making process. This work presents the process of developing the IME concept on a real deepwater MPD operation for the first time. Limiting factors such as: shoe integrity, maximum surface pressures, and mud gas separator (MGS) flow rates (gas and liquid) have been taken into consideration in the process of developing a set of Influx Management Envelopes for three different hole sections. Two methods were used for developing the IMEs: Single bubble approach, as described by Culen et al.; and hydraulic modeling using a commercial transient, multiphase flow simulation software package. A comparison of the results from the single bubble calculation versus simulation methods is presented, highlighting the impact of gas dissolution and dispersion on the manageable influx volumes in MPD. Additionally, the IME design process includes provision for advanced alternatives for safe handling and removal of influxes within the limits of the primary barriers and those of the surface equipment.
Enabling New Techniques: Nitrogen Gas Qualification and Testing of a Rotating Control Device
Authors: Mahmood Azfar , Ring Lev , Alajbegovic Al , Nienhuis Sebastian 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Managed pressure drilling (MPD), which has been heavily refined and readily practiced in offshore and deepwater operations, could open many doors to untapped potential on land—a concept often underestimated. Operators look to MPD technologies—for example, multiphase MPD or drilling gas—to access challenging or partially depleted wells when the conventional approach has failed or is economically unfeasible. One critical technology component that enables drilling with gas is the rotating control device (RCD), a pressurized secondary well control barrier that contains and diverts flow at surface. Coupled with an MPD system (choke, coriolis meter, etc.), the RCD enables early kick detection and the ability to manage the annular hydrostatic pressure profile using surface backpressure. Adding to the well control benefits realized by the RCD is its sealing capabilities.
Weatherford conducted nitrogen gas testing of RCD elements in accordance with API 16RCD testing criteria—the industry's first testing of RCDs for gas-tight sealing. Pressure control, MPD-enablement, and gas-tight sealing are the perfect combination of RCD capabilities that will enable new techniques for drilling optimization in depleted reservoir sections. This paper will detail the inherent challenges of RCD gas-tight sealing and shed light on the significance that proven testing could deliver to the market for empowering new techniques that could lead to an unforeseeable number of drilling triumphs in the near future.
Completion Considerations for MPD Deepwater Offshore Wells
Authors: Schnitzler E. , Fernandes A. A. , da Cunha C. B. , de Oliveira F. S. , Vanni G. S. , Grandi R. F. , Roman R. S. , de Jesus R. A. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
When compared to conventional drilling, MPD techniques provide a valuable tool to build challenging wells and reach new reservoirs. As MPD and MCD techniques lead to major changes on the way wells are drilled, the completion projects must be also adapted to this new scenario.
In order to fully use MPD capabilities it is necessary to work with statically underbalance fluids. This fact may not be an issue during the drilling phase with the RCD, but impacts completion, as the RCD, which is suitable for a drillpipe, is not suitable for all completion strings and equipment. For MCD scenario, the necessity of periodic or constant injection down the annulus affects some completion equipment.
Project requirements, safety standards, equipment capability and operational procedures must be reviewed, in order to cover the different scenarios of MPD (SBP) and MCD (FMCD and PMCD) wells. New completion standards were developed for deepwater and ultradeewater wells on MPD/MCD completion projects and sometimes even a full new completion design was required due to MPD techniques used.
This paper presents the development history, results and considerations made for completion with MPD/MCD on Petrobras offshore wells in Campos and Santos Basins located in Brazil offshore.