bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The gauge coupling evolutions of an SU(8) theory with the maximally symmetry breaking pattern
Authors: Chen Ning , Hou Zhanpeng , Mao Ying-nan , Teng Zhaolong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We study the renormalizable group equations (RGEs) of the extended strong and weak gauge couplings in an SU(8) theory, where three-generational SM fermions are non-trivially embedded. This framework was previously found to generate the observed SM quark/lepton mass hierarchies and the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa mixing pattern through its maximally breaking pattern. The field theoretical two-loop RGEs can not achieve the gauge coupling unification with the minimal setup, unless additional adjoint Higgs fields as well as the gravity-induced d = 5 term to the SU(8) field strength term are included.
Revisiting Brownian SYK and its possible relations to de Sitter
Authors: Milekhin Alexey , Xu Jiuci 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We revisit Brownian Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model and argue that it has emergent energy conservation overlooked in the literature before. We solve this model in the double-scaled regime and demonstrate hyperfast scrambling, exponential decay of correlation functions, bounded spectrum and unexpected factorization of higher-point functions. We comment on how these results are related to de Sitter holography.
Superpolynomial period lengths of the winning positions in the subtraction game
Authors: Miklós István , Post Logan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Given a finite set of positive integers, A, and starting with a heap of n chips, Alice and Bob alternate turns and on each turn a player chooses

$$x\in A$$

x
∈
A

with x less than or equal to the current number of chips and subtract x chips from the heap. The game terminates when the current number of chips becomes smaller than

$$\min \{A\}$$

min
{
A
}

and no moves are possible. The player who makes the last move is the winner. We define

$$w^A(n)$$

w
A

(
n
)

to be 1 if Alice has a winning strategy with a starting heap of n chips and 0 if Bob has a winning strategy. By the Pigeonhole Principle,

$$w^A(n)$$

w
A

(
n
)

becomes periodic, and it is easy to see that the period length is at most an exponential function of

$$\max \{A\}$$

max
{
A
}

. The typical period length is a linear function of

$$\max \{A\}$$

max
{
A
}

, and it is a long time open question if exponential period length is possible. We consider a slight modification of this game by introducing an iitial seed S that tells for the few initial numbers of chips whether the current or the opposite player is the winner, and the game ends when the first such position is achieved. In this paper we show that the initial seed cannot change the period length of

$$w^A(n)$$

w
A

(
n
)

if the size of A is 1 or 2, but it can change the period length with

$$|A|\ge 3$$

|
A
|
≥
3

. Further, we exhibit a class of sets A of size 3 and corresponding initial seeds such that the period length becomes a superpolynomial function of

$$\max \{A\}$$

max
{
A
}

.
Taxing versus subsidizing debt under financial frictions
Authors: Schabert Andreas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We examine optimal credit market policies in two models with durables/capital as collateral. Pecuniary externalities rationalize ex-ante debt taxes as macroprudential regulation, achieving constrained efficiency. Ex-post debt subsidies can implement first-best by stimulating collateral demand. Due to the same effect, debt subsidies that are constant over time can be superior to debt taxes. Saving subsidies can further enhance efficiency by addressing distributive effects of pecuniary externalities via interest rate reductions. The analysis shows that debt-increasing subsidies can outperform macroprudential regulation, and that constrained inefficiency caused by collateral externalities is insufficient to establish debt taxes as optimal credit market policies.
Labeled four cycles and the $K(\pi ,1)$-conjecture for Artin groups
Authors: Huang Jingyin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe show that for a large class of Artin groups with Dynkin diagrams being a tree, the $K(\pi ,1)$
K
(
π
,
1
)
-conjecture holds. We also establish the $K(\pi ,1)$
K
(
π
,
1
)
-conjecture for another class of Artin groups whose Dynkin diagrams contain a cycle, which applies to some Artin groups whose Dynkin diagrams are of hyperbolic type. This is based on a new approach to the $K(\pi ,1)$
K
(
π
,
1
)
-conjecture for Artin groups.
Palliative Care Referral Patterns and Implications for Standardization in Cardiac ICU
Authors: Madni Arshia , Matheson Jocelyn , Linz Amanda , Dalgo Austin , Siddique Rumana , Merlocco Anthony 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEvidence suggests that pediatric palliative care involvement (PPC) is beneficial to medically complex patients. Historically, PPC involvement has been overlooked or delayed and varies by institution but PPC awareness has increased in cardiovascular ICUs (CVICU) and so we investigated frequency and timeliness of PPC referral for patients dying in ICU. Retrospective study of pediatric cardiac patients experiencing death in ICU to review PPC presence and timing of initial PPC, most recent PPC, and interventions, therapies, CPR, and presence of do-not-resuscitate DNR discussion. Fifty-four patients died during a 5-year period aged 11d–17y (54% male). PPC involvement occurred in 40/54 (74%). Of those patients without PPC, the Center to Advance Palliative Care (CAPC) guidelines would have supported PPC in 11/14 (79%). DNR discussion was more likely in PPC patients (63% vs 14%; p = 0.0011), though often only on DOD. Comparing prior to DOD, PPC patients were still more likely to have DNR discussion (55% vs 0%; p = 0.0003). PPC patients were no less likely to have CPR on DOD (28% vs 43%, p = 0.29). PPC occurred frequently in patients experiencing death in CVICU. However, frequently the initial PPC occurred within a week or day of death. Patients without PPC would often qualify under published guidelines. Standardization, timing, and patient identification for PPC will expand efficacy in CVICU.
Hybrid cardiovascular imaging. A clinical consensus statement of the european association of nuclear medicine (EANM) and the european association of cardiovascular imaging (EACVI) of the ESC
Authors: Caobelli Federico , Dweck Marc R. , Albano Domenico , Gheysens Olivier , Georgoulias Panagiotis , Nekolla Stephan , Lairez Olivier , Leccisotti Lucia , Lubberink Marc , Massalha Samia , Nappi Carmela , Rischpler Christoph , Saraste Antti , Hyafil Fabien 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Hybrid imaging consists of a combination of two or more imaging modalities, which equally contribute to image information. To date, hybrid cardiovascular imaging can be performed by either merging images acquired on different scanners, or with truly hybrid PET/CT and PET/MR scanners. The European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM), and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) aim to review clinical situations that may benefit from the use of hybrid cardiac imaging and provide advice on acquisition protocols providing the most relevant information to reach diagnosis in various clinical situations.
Treatment regimens for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a “real life” multicenter study of 2307 patients
Authors: Knopf Andreas , Ketterer Manuel Christoph , Hoffmann Thomas K. , Laban Simon , Berghaus Alexander , Canis Martin , Jacobi Christian , Klussmann Jens Peter , Föringer Wendelin , Laszig Roland , Pfeiffer Jens , Bier Henning 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objective
This retrospective multicenter study aimed to evaluate surgical versus conservative treatment in patients with hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancer under real world conditions.

Methods
This study included 2307 patients diagnosed with hypopharyngeal or laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in five German tertiary head and neck centers between 01/2004 and 12/2014. Overall, 783 patients with advanced SCC consecutively underwent laryng(opharyng)ectomy (L(P)E). Patient chart data regarding age, sex, tumor location, TNM status, grading, indication for L(P)E, treatment modalities, R status, postoperative complications, and hospitalization time were analyzed. Patients with lacking data and incomplete staging and those who refused treatment or did not comply with the recommended treatment were excluded from survival analysis.

Results
A slight but significant increase was observed in L(P)E, referring to an increasing rate of tumor recurrence. While T1/2N0M0 laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer patients showed comparable overall survival (OS) for surgical and conservative treatment, surgery showed significantly better OS in lymph node-positive individuals and locally advanced tumor stages. Tumor recurrence occurred in more than one-third of the cases. In particular, in early glottic cancer recurrence, L(P)E represents a curative and safe treatment option, whereas in supraglottic and hypopharyngeal cancer, L(P)E was associated with reduced survival rates. Notably, 36% of patients with supraglottic cancer and 59% of patients with hypopharyngeal cancer recurrence could only be treated with palliative care.

Conclusion
Comparable survival rates were demonstrated for cT1/2N0M0 laryngeal and hypopharyngeal SCC compared with primary chemo-/radiotherapy and larynx-preserving surgery. Better OS was achieved after surgery in nodal-positive patients and in those with locally advanced disease. Tumor recurrence should be anticipated in up to 39% of cases. Glottic cancer recurrence can be successfully and safely treated with L(P)E, whereas OS is reduced in hypopharyngeal cancer and possibly in supraglottic cancer.
Health-related quality of life and supportive care needs in young adult cancer survivors—a longitudinal population-based study
Authors: Wide Alexandra , Ahlgren Johan , Smedby Karin E. , Hellman Kristina , Henriksson Roger , Ståhl Olof , Lampic Claudia , Wettergren Lena 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To examine health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and supportive care needs among young adult (YA) cancer survivors up to 3 years post-diagnosis.

Methods
A national cohort of individuals diagnosed at 18–39 years with breast, cervical, ovarian, or testicular cancer, lymphoma or brain tumor was approached with surveys at 1.5 (n = 1010, response rate 67%) and 3 (n = 722) years post-diagnosis. HRQoL was measured using the EORTC QLQ-C30. Scores were dichotomized using cut-off scores to predict supportive care needs in the Supportive Care Needs Survey-Long Form 59 (SCNS-LF59). Swedish cancer quality registers provided clinical data. Factors predicting need of support at 1.5 and 3 years post-diagnosis were identified using logistic regression.

Results
HRQoL improvements over time were trivial to small. At both time points, a majority of respondents rated HRQoL levels indicating supportive care needs. At 1.5 years post-diagnosis, the risk of having support needs was lower among survivors with testicular cancer (compared to lymphoma) or university-level education, and higher among those on treatment (predominantly endocrine therapy). At 3 years post-diagnosis, when controlling for previous HRQoL scores, most correlations persisted, and poor self-rated household economy and chronic health conditions were additionally associated with supportive care needs.

Conclusion
A majority of YAs diagnosed with cancer rate HRQoL at levels indicating support needs up to 3 years post-diagnosis. Testicular cancer survivors are at lower risk of having support needs. Concurrent health conditions and poor finances are linked to lower HRQoL. More efforts are needed to provide adequate, age-appropriate support to YA cancer survivors.
Sustainability nexus AID: infrastructure resilience
Authors: Erfani Tohid , Naeini Mohammad Mortazavi , Borgomeo Edoardo , Anvari Mehrnaz , Hurford Anthony , Erfani Rasool , Zarei Azin , Matin Mir A. , Madani Kaveh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Infrastructure resilience advanced through nexus thinking is pivotal for societies to handle disruptions and ensure sustainable functionality. This interconnected approach understands infrastructure as an interdependent complex system and enables cooperative planning to achieve resilience. However, challenges like data inadequacy, financial limitations and governance issues impede its adoption, especially in developing regions. The United Nations University (UNU) Sustainability Nexus Analytics, Informatics and Data (AID) Programme strives to promote integrated resource management for sustainable development and fulfilling the UN 2030 Agenda. Through its Infrastructure Resilience Module, the initiative provides tools, data platforms and localised capacity building to empower professionals and communities for evidence-based, collaborative decision-making accounting for intersectoral relationships. By supporting context-specific analytical capabilities, bridging data gaps, and governance silos, the programme aims to pave the way for resilient and sustainable infrastructure development, particularly across vulnerable regions in the Global South, which face disproportionate infrastructure service disruptions.
Conversion surgery for esophageal and esophagogastric junction cancer
Authors: Shoji Yoshiaki , Kanamori Kohei , Koyanagi Kazuo , Otsuka Tetsuya , Nakashima Rie , Tajima Kohei , Ogimi Mika , Ninomiya Yamato , Yamamoto Miho , Kazuno Akihito , Nishi Takayuki , Mori Masaki 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAs a result of the recent advances in first-line treatment including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy (ICI) for locally advanced/metastatic initially unresectable esophageal and esophagogastric junction cancer, surgery aiming at cure after initial treatment, so-called “conversion surgery” has become more common in this field. Several studies have indicated encouraging survival outcomes for patients after conversion surgery with R0 resection. However, various issues, such the utility and the safety of conversion surgery remain unclear. In this review, we will focus on the surgical treatment for initially unresectable esophageal and esophagogastric junction cancer after first- or later- line treatment and review recent evidence regarding the safety and the efficacy of conversion surgery. Multidisciplinary treatment including surgery may serve as a novel treatment strategy for esophageal and esophagogastric junction cancer, thus provide a curative treatment option and potentially contribute to better prognosis for initially untreatable diseases.
Interaction between Brenneria goodwinii and Phytophthora species on young Quercus robur seedlings
Authors: Tkaczyk Miłosz , Sikora Katarzyna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe decline of oak stands is a globally recognised phenomenon. Among the causing factors, the most frequently mentioned are pathogens of the genus Phytophthora and bacteria associated with the phenomenon of acute oak dieback. The aim of the study was to conduct a pathogenicity trials on three-year-old English oak seedlings using isolates of Brenneria goodwinii and two different Phytophthora spp. (P. quercina and P. plurivora) isolated from declining oaks in south-west Poland in the area of the so-called Krotoszyn Plateau. The analyses carried out showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the development of the bacteria on the trunks of the inoculated trees and the length of the lesions was 0.93 cm on average. The analyses of roots inoculated with pathogens of the genus Phytophthora showed statistically significant differences in all six parameters analysed. In the multiple comparison test, significant differences were found in the control plants, which always differed significantly from the variant in which Phytophthora was inoculated. The highest root loss was observed in the treatment inoculated with both B. goodwinii and P. quercina, and the length of both fine and total roots was about twice as short compared to the ungrafted control. The first symptoms related to the decline of the plant condition (discoloration and wilting of the leaves) were also observed after treatment with B. goodwinii + P. quercina. These results suggest that the combination of both factors contributes to greater damage, but further studies are needed to clarify the interaction between B. goodwinii and Phytophthora spp. in oak dieback.
Novel Bioreactor Design for Non-invasive Longitudinal Monitoring of Tissue-Engineered Heart Valves in 7T MRI and Ultrasound
Authors: Mohapatra Saurav Ranjan , Rama Elena , Werner Maximillian P. , Call Tobias , Loewenberg Tanja , Loewen Alexander , Apel Christian , Kiessling Fabian , Jockenhoevel Stefan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The development of cardiovascular implants is abundant, yet their clinical adoption remains a significant challenge in the treatment of valvular diseases. Tissue-engineered heart valves (TEHV) have emerged as a promising solution due to their remodeling capabilities, which have been extensively studied in recent years. However, ensuring reproducible production and clinical translation of TEHV requires robust longitudinal monitoring methods.
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive, radiation-free technique providing detailed valvular imaging and functional assessment. To facilitate this, we designed a state-of-the-art metal-free bioreactor enabling dynamic MRI and ultrasound imaging. Our compact bioreactor, tailored to fit a 72 mm bore 7 T MRI coil, features an integrated backflow design ensuring MRI compatibility. A pneumatic drive system operates the bioreactor, minimizing potential MRI interference. The bioreactor was digitally designed and constructed using polymethyl methacrylate, utilizing only polyether ether ketone screws for secure fastening. Our biohybrid TEHV incorporates a non-degradable polyethylene terephthalate textile scaffold with fibrin matrix hydrogel and human arterial smooth muscle cells.
As a result, the bioreactor was successfully proven to be MRI compatible, with no blooming artifacts detected. The dynamic movement of the TEHVs was observed using gated MRI motion artifact compensation and ultrasound imaging techniques. In addition, the conditioning of TEHVs in the bioreactor enhanced ECM production. Immunohistology demonstrated abundant collagen, α-smooth muscle actin, and a monolayer of endothelial cells throughout the valve cusp. Our innovative methodology provides a physiologically relevant environment for TEHV conditioning and development, enabling accurate monitoring and assessment of functionality, thus accelerating clinical acceptance.
Contemporary approaches in matheuristics an updated survey
Authors: Boschetti Marco Antonio , Maniezzo Vittorio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMatheuristics are problem independent frameworks that use mathematical programming tools to obtain high quality heuristic solutions. They are structurally general enough to be applied to different problems with little adaptation to their abstract structure, so they can be considered as new or hybrid metaheuristics based on components derived from the mathematical model of the problems of interest. In this survey, we emphasize the mathematical tools and describe how they can be used to design heuristics. We focus on mixed-integer linear programming and report representative examples from the literature of how it has been used for effective heuristic optimization. References to contributions to matheuristics deriving from neighboring research areas such as Artificial Intelligence or Quantum Computing are also included. We conclude with some ideas for possible future developments. This paper extends an original version published in 4OR with new sections on CMSA, Incremental Core, AI hybrids and Quantum Heuristics, and includes references to several recent publications.
A Multi-Method Approach for the Identification of Social Functioning Profiles in Autistic Adolescents and Young Adults Without Intellectual Disability
Authors: Husmann Julie , Feller Clémence , Ilen Laura , Schneider Maude 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGiven the diverse nature of the autism spectrum and the complex, context-dependent nature of Social Functioning (SF), this study aims to delineate profiles of SF in young people with autism. Using a multi-method approach, it aims to gain a comprehensive understanding of social difficulties in people with ASD. This study also examines the co-occurrence of mental health issues within these profiles, which can exacerbate social impairments. This understanding is essential for designing interventions and support systems tailored to the specific needs of people with ASD. 49 autistic individuals aged 12 to 30, without intellectual disability were recruited. A combination of measures was used to thoroughly assess SF. Latent profile analysis was employed to identify distinct profiles of social functioning. A control group of 60 non-autistic people served as a reference for these profiles. Mental health difficulties were evaluated through clinical interviews and questionnaires. Two profiles of SF were identified, illustrating two ways of managing the cost of social interactions. Compared to controls, one was more socially withdrawn, spending more time alone, while the other spent a similar amount of time alone but interacted less with others. A different prevalence of mental health problems was observed within these profiles. This study highlighted two SF profiles in young people with ASD, revealing different approaches to managing social interactions. These results show that people with ASD do not have uniform strengths and difficulties of SF, and that mental health problems exert a significant influence on different aspects of SF.
Outcomes of leadless pacemaker implantation in the United States based on sex
Authors: Khan Muhammad Zia , Alyami Bandar , Alruwaili Waleed , Nguyen Amanda T. , Mendez Melody , Leon William E. , Devera Justin , Hayat Hafiz Muhammad Sohaib , Naveed Abdullah , Asad Zain Ul Abideen , Agarwal Siddharth , Balla Sudarshan , Darden Douglas , Munir Muhammad Bilal 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
To determine differences in baseline characteristics and outcomes of leadless pacemaker implantation based on sex.

Methods
For the purpose of this study, data were extracted from the National Inpatient Sample database for years 2016–2020. The study group was then stratified based on sex. Baseline characteristics and in-hospital outcomes including complications were then analyzed in each group. Multivariable logistic regression models were created to analyze the association of sex with important outcomes of mortality, major complications (defined as pericardial effusion requiring intervention and any vascular complication), prolonged length of stay (defined as > 6 days), and increased cost of hospitalization (defined as median cost > 34,098$) after leadless pacemaker implantation.

Results
A total of 29,000 leadless pacemakers (n in women = 12,960, 44.7%) were implanted during our study period. Women were found to have an increased burden of co-morbidities as compared to men. In the adjusted analysis, the likelihood of mortality (aOR 1.27, 95% CI 1.14–1.43), major complications (aOR 1.07, 95% CI 0.98–1.18), prolonged length of stay (aOR 1.09, 95% CI 1.04–1.15), and increased hospitalization cost (aOR 1.14, 95% CI 1.08–1.20) were higher in women as compared to men after leadless pacemaker implantation.

Conclusion
Important and significant differences exist in leadless pacemaker implantation in women as compared to men. These findings highlight the need for evaluating etiologies behind such differences with a goal of improving outcomes in all patients after leadless pacemaker implantation.

Graphical Abstract