bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconstructive versus palliative management of ureteral stenosis after kidney transplant: an EAU‑YAU kidney transplantation working group collaboration
Authors: Lucignani Gianpaolo , Anna Rivetti , Prudhomme Thomas , Pecoraro Alessio , Marco Beatriz Bañuelos , Piana Alberto , López-Abad Alicia , Dönmez Muhammet Irfan , Haberal Hakan Bahadır , Territo Angelo , Boisseir Romain 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction The gold standard for treatment of ureteral stenosis after kidney transplantation is surgical redo of the anastomosis, although some patients may only be candidates for palliative treatment by permanent urinary catheterization. We aimed to compare the functional results of these two approaches. Methods A retrospective comparative analysis was carried out to compare the groups. The outcomes of each procedure and factors associated with success of reconstruction, graft failure and GFR variation were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics. Results 30 (54.5%) and 24 (44.5%) patients underwent surgical and palliative treatment, respectively. Distal/ureterovesical location was most frequently observed (81.1%, p < 0.0001). Reconstruction consisted of ureterovesical reimplantation, pyeloureterostomy and ureteroureterostomy in 11 (36.6%), 13 (43.3%) and 3 (10.0%) cases, respectively. Intestinal segment interposition was employed in 2 (6.7%) cases. We observed 4 (13.3%) cases of failure after surgery and ureterovesical reimplantation was significantly associated with stricture recurrence (p = 0.018). A significant variation of GFR from post treatment baseline to last follow-up was observed in the palliative group (43.5 to 32.0, p < 0.001), although graft survival was similar (9.1% vs. 10.0%, p = 0.65). Conclusion Surgical reconstruction can attain definitive treatment of post KT US in almost nine out of ten patients with a satisfactory safety profile. On the other hand, palliative treatment seems to be associated with GFR degradation.
The effect of silver nanoparticles on bond strength of calcium silicate-based sealer: An In vitro study
Authors: Bukhary Sundus , Alkahtany Sarah , Aldabeeb Dalal 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The aim of the study was to evaluate the bond strength of the calcium silicate-based sealer (CSS) (TotalFill® BC Sealer, FKG, Switzerland) modified with the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the single-cone technique and the warm obturation technique, measured by a universal testing machine.
Methods
The root canals of single-rooted human teeth were prepared up to 35.04. specimens were randomly divided into four groups (25/group) as follows: In Group 1, canals were obturated using the single-cone technique (SC). Group 2, canals were obturated in SC technique and the CSS sealer mixed with AgNPs. Group 3, canals were obturated with continuous wave condensation (CWC). Group 4, canals were obturated with CWC, and CSS Sealer was mixed with AgNPs. After two weeks, 1 mm-thick dentin slices were cut and exposed to push-out bond strength test using a universal testing machine. Specimens were examined under a digital microscope to determine the mode of failure. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison tests (P < 0.05).
Results
Group 4 showed the highest dislodgement resistance compared to all groups (P < 0.05). Group 4 was significantly higher in push-out bond strength value than group 1 (P < .001) and group 3 (P < .003), but not significantly higher than group 2. Cohesive failure was the most prevalent failure mode among all groups.
Conclusions
Incorporation of silver nanoparticles into the calcium silicate-based sealer significantly increased the bond strength. The warm obturation approach demonstrated significantly higher resistance to dislodgment as compared to the single-cone technique.
Solvent and additive-controlled supramolecular isomerism in zinc coordination polymers
Authors: Khorshidi Ghazale , Notash Behrouz 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

A new series of Zn(II) supramolecular isomers containing ditopic 1,3-di(pyridin-4-yl)urea (4bpu) ligand were synthesized and characterized by infrared analysis, elemental analysis and TGA as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Four solvent-induced pseudopolymorphic zinc (II) coordination polymers (CPs), namely, {[Zn(4bpu)(OAc)2](CH3OH){n (1), }[Zn(4bpu)(OAc)2](C2H5OH){n (2), }[Zn(4bpu)(OAc)2](HOCH2CH2OH){n (3), and }[Zn(4bpu)(OAc)2](0.5H2O){n (4), were prepared by the reaction of Zn(OAc)2.2H2O and 4bpu via self-assembly under varying solvent systems. Also, a pair of polymorphic coordination polymers namely, {[Zn(4bpu)(OAc)2](CH3OH){n (1α) and {[Zn3(4bpu)3(OAc)6](CH3OH)2{n (1β), was prepared in the presence of different organic additives. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction confirmed that 1 − 4 and 1α display 1D polymeric zigzag chains and 1β exhibit 1D triple-stranded ladders that were self-assembled through various supramolecular interactions. In addition, a series of dissolution-recrystallization structural transformations (DRST) were performed on these supramolecular isomers.
Optimization of the CuBr+Ne+HBr laser excitation source
Authors: Trigub Maxim , Gembukh Pavel , Kulagin Anton 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In this work, an experimental and model analysis of the copper bromide vapor active media excitation efficiency was carried out at a fixed energy input and pump power. The experimental results showed that for typical pumping parameters of CuBr+Ne+HBr active elements, the requirements for the excitation source in terms of the voltage amplitude on the storage capacitor can be reduced. It was shown that the reduce of voltage amplitude from 11.3 to 6.6 kV while maintaining the energy input at the level of 1 mJ/cm3, leaded to the generation power decreased by 15%, and the single-pass amplification coefficient remained virtually unchanged. Simulations have shown that at lower capacitance values, the lower operating level of the laser is populated a little more strongly, but pumping of the upper operating level during the existence of population inversion also proceeds somewhat faster, which ultimately gives approximately the same efficiency of pumping.
Phosphorus limitation shapes metabolic strategy of fungal-bacterial partnerships in montane meadow soil
Authors: Shulman Hannah , Pyle Jessica , Classen Aimee , Inouye David , Simberloff Ruth , Sorensen Patrick , IV William Thomas , Rudgers Jennifer , Kivlin Stephanie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In nutrient-limited high-elevation ecosystems, plants rely on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi to provide mineral phosphorus (P) in the form of phosphate (PO43-). AM fungi gather these nutrients through associations with phosphorus cycling bacteria (PCBs) that can mineralize PO43- from organic matter or solubilize mineral-bound P. The influence of climate and other soil factors on AM fungi and PCB interactions and how these communities affect AM fungal growth and P levels remains unclear. We collected soil from montane meadows over a 1000 meter elevation gradient on three mountains and created a dataset of shotgun metagenomes, AM fungal marker genes, and edaphic measurements. Soils at the highest elevations had almost 50-fold lower soil PO43- and 60% more AM fungal hyphae than low-elevation soils. PO43- concentration and pH influenced the abundances of taxonomically and functionally diverse P-cycling exoenzyme genes, including phosphatases, phospholipid turnover enzymes, and genes for solubilization of mineral-bound P. Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Proteobacteria were the dominant PCBs, each correlated with different AM functional guilds (rhizophilic, edaphophilic, ancestral). Our results argue for an elevation-based trade-off in microbial P-cycling strategies. In the P-richer soils of low elevations, the microbiome is dominated by rhizophilic AM fungi, actinobacteria mineralizing P from phospholipids, and less complex and diverse interactions between PCBs and AM fungi. The P-scarser, less weathered mountaintop soils favored ancestral AM fungi, mineral-associated P solubilization by Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria, and a more diverse and complex AM fungal-PCB network. With continued climate warming, the structure and function of mountaintop ecosystems might shift to resemble those of lower elevations. This shift could disrupt long-established interactions, reducing the prevalence of AM fungi and PCB groups, with consequences for both the metabolic pathways that produce P and total P available to plant communities.
Slight thermal stress exerts genetic diversity selection at coral (Acropora digitifera) larval stages
Authors: Manullang Cristiana , Hanahara Nozimi , Tarigan Ariyo Imanuel , Abe Yuko , Furukawa Mao , Morita Masaya 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background Rising seawater temperatures increasingly threaten coral reefs. The ability of coral larvae to withstand heat is crucial for maintaining reefs. While the reproductive process from spawning to larval dispersal is extensively studied, the influence of heat stress on genetic diversity at the individual larval level still needs to be clarified.Results This study investigates the larval response to heat stress before acquiring symbiotic algae, aiming to elucidate the relationship between coral genetic diversity and heat stress. Larvae sourced from eight Acropora digitifera colonies were subjected to ambient temperature (28°C) and heat conditions (31°C). The impact of heat stress on larval genetic diversity was assessed through sequencing. While overall genetic diversity, represented by π, did not significantly differ between the control and heat-exposed groups, Tajima’s D differed, indicating different selective pressures in each group. Twelve larval protein-coding sequences were identified on these loci, and the codon evolution of most of these genes showed signs of adaptive evolution. These results demonstrate the complex nature of the selective pressures operating in coral larvae under different temperatures, suggesting that corals might have experienced similar selection pressures during speciation.Conclusion These findings underscore the significance of genetic diversity in coral reproduction for maintaining reef ecosystems. They also indicate that even minor heat stress can exert significant selective pressure, potentially leading to profound implications for coral reef ecosystems. This research is crucial for understanding and mitigating the impact of rising seawater temperatures on coral reefs.
Paraventricular hypothalamic input to anterior cingulate cortex controls food preferences in chronic visceral pain
Authors: Ji Fuhai , xu qiya , Kong Ying , Meng Xiaowen , Peng Ke , Yu Yang , Song Shaoyong , Yang Yufan , Liu Huayue , Xu Guang-Yin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Chronic visceral pain is commonly accompanied by changes in food preference; however, the underlying neural circuitry mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic visceral pain on food preference and neural circuitry. Chronic visceral hyperalgesia in mice was induced by neonatal colonic inflammation (NCI). We identified a neural circuit involving cholecystokinin neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVHCCK) projecting to glutamatergic neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACCGlu). Chemogenetic inhibition of the PVHCCK to ACCGlu circuit reduced visceral pain and food preference switched from sugar to fat, which reversed by agonist of cholecystokinin receptors (CCKBRs) in the ACC. Chemogenetic activation of PVHCCK to ACCGlu circuit increased visceral pain and food preference switched from fat to sugar, which reversed by antagonist of CCKBRs in the ACC. Therefore, the PVHCCK to ACCGlu circuit encodes changes in food preference of mice during chronic visceral pain. Interventions targeting this neural circuitry maybe a potential therapeutic strategy for patients with chronic visceral pain.
Exploring the Relative Influence of Atomic Parameters on Solid Solution Strengthening
Authors: Oliveira Pedro , Martins Caio , Stumpf Guilherme , Spadotto Julio , Pickering Ed , Botta Walter , Bolfarini Claudemiro , Coury Francisco 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study designed and produced FCC solid solution alloys with significant differences in atomic volume or electronegativity among the constituent elements, and subjected them to mechanical testing. The results demonstrate that atomic volume differences have a greater influence on solid solution strengthening (SSS) than electronegativity differences. Each solid solution system exhibits unique behavior, making a general model for predicting SSS challenging. Additionally, for a given solid solution system, there is a considerable difference in the critical grain size below which grain boundary strengthening dominates yield strength and hardness. Furthermore, both predicted lattice distortion values and the measured SSS components were greater for binary alloys, indicating that the presence of more elements in a solid solution does not always cause greater distortions in the crystal lattice. Finally, the study successfully engineered the novel Ni50Pd50 alloy, which has not been previously studied and exhibits mechanical properties remarkably insensitive to variations in grain size, warranting further in-depth investigations.
Enhancing Search-Based Testing with LLMs for Finding Bugs in System Simulators
Authors: Dakhama Aidan , Even-Mendoza Karine , Langdon W.B , Menéndez Héctor D. , Petke Justyna 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Despite wide availability of automated testing techniques such as fuzzing, little attention has been devoted to testing computer architecture simulators. We propose a fully automated approach for this task. Our approach uses large languagemodels to create input programs, including information about their parametersand their types, as test cases for the simulators. The LLM’s output becomesthe initial seed for an existing fuzzer, AFL, which has been enhanced with threemutation operators, targeting both the input binary program and its parame-ters. We implement our approach in a tool called SearchSYS. We use it to testthe gem5 system simulator. SearchSYS discovered 21 new bugs in gem5, 14 where gem5’s software prediction differs from the real behaviour on actual hardware and 7 where it crashed. New defects were uncovered with each of the 6 LLMs used.
Estimating the impact of sarcoptic mange epidemic on the population size of wild raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) from wildlife rescue data
Authors: Matsuyama Ryota , Kido Nobuhide , Omori Ryosuke 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: The impact of infectious diseases on host populations is often not quantified because it is difficult to observe the host population and infectious disease dynamics. To address this problem, we developed a state-space model to simultaneously estimate host population and disease dynamics using wildlife rescue data. Using this model, we aimed to quantify the impact of sarcoptic mange on a Japanese racoon dog population by estimating the change in their relative population size.
Methods: We classified the status of rescued raccoon dogs into four categories: i) rescued due to infection with mange, ii) rescued due to traffic accidents without mange, iii) rescued due to traffic accidents with mange, and iv) rescued due to causes other than traffic accidents or mange. We modelled the observation process for each categoryand fitted the model to the reported number of raccoon dogs rescued between 1990 and 2010 at three wildlife rescue facilities in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.
Results: The mortality rate induced by mange was estimated to be 1.09 (95% credible interval (CI): 0.47–1.72) per year. The estimated prevalence of sarcoptic mange ranged between 4–80% in the study period. When a substantial prevalence of mange was observed (1995 to 2002), the host population size decreased by 91.2% (95% credible intervals: 86.3–94.7).
Conclusion: We show that the impact of infectious disease outbreak on the wildlife population can be estimated from the time-series data of wildlife rescue events due to multiple causes. Our estimates suggest that sarcoptic mange triggered a substantial decrease in the Japanese wild raccoon dog populations.
Time to HIV viral rebound and frequency of post-treatment control after analytical interruption of antiretroviral therapy: An individual data-based meta-analysis of 24 prospective studies
Authors: Gunst Jesper , Gohil Jesal , Li Jonathan , Bosch Ronald , White Andrea , Seamon Catherine , Chun Tae-Wook , Mothe Beatriz , Gittens Kathleen , Praiss Lauren , De Scheerder Marie-Angélique , Vandekerckhove Linos , Escandón Kevin , Thorkelson Ann , Schacker Timothy , SenGupta Devi , Brander Christian , Papasavvas Emmanouil , Montaner Luis , Martinez-Picado Javier , Calin Ruxandra , Castagna Antonella , Muccini Camilla , Jong Wesley , Leal Lorna , Garcia Felipe , Gruters Rob , Tipoe Timothy , Frater John , Søgaard Ole , Fidler Sarah 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: There is a global need to explore novel interventions conferring sustained HIV control without antiretroviral therapy (ART). The only current strategy to test efficacy is through an analytical treatment interruption (ATI). Inclusion of ‘placebo’ controls in future clinical trials poses ethical, logistical, and economic challenges and might be unnecessary if sufficient up-to-date data exists from non-intervention cohorts of people with HIV (PWH) who stop ART. To understand viral rebound dynamics and rates of post-treatment HIV control in the absence of any intervention, we undertook an individual participant data meta-analysis on time to viral rebound after ATI.
Methods: We included individual-level data from clinical studies with >5 separate available plasma HIV RNA viral load (pVL) measurements within the first 84 days post-ATI in PWH receiving either placebo or no intervention. Eligible prospective studies were identified through literature search on PubMed. Early-ART was defined as ART initiation within 6 months of HIV acquisition; others were classified as late-ART or unknown.
Results: In total, 24 studies published between 2000-2024 with 382 individuals were included. Median participant age was 42 years, 91% male, 75% white, 45% received early-ART. Median time to pVL >50, >400, and >10,000 copies/mL was 16 days (interquartile range [IQR]:13–25), 21 (IQR:15–28), and 32 (IQR:20–35), respectively. Post-treatment control defined as pVL <50 copies/mL at day 84 occurred in 4% (n=14) of participants (6% for early-ART and 1% for late-ART). Multivariable analysis identified at late ART initiation as an independent risk factor for earlier VL rebound (hazard ratio [HR] 1.25, P=0.005).
Conclusion: Sustained control of pVL <50 copies/ml after 84 days off ART is rare in PWH who stop therapy, especially in those starting ART late. When designing future interventional HIV cure/remission trials, these findings help inform study size and design, potentially removing the need for a placebo arm thereby minimizing unnecessary risks to participants and their partners, while optimising resources.
Chess Games as a Method for File Encryption and Storage
Authors: Ahmed Md Shaheer , MaryAnkitha P , Anitha P U , Raju M Rama , Kumar BV Pranay 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This paper introduces a novel approach to file encryption using chess games as a medium for encoding and storing digital information. By assigning binary values to legal chess moves, files are transformed into sequences of chess games that can be reconstructed to retrieve the original data. This method leverages the complexity of chess gameplay to create a form of steganography, making the encoded data less detectable. While the system offers a unique solution for secure, low-bandwidth communication, it faces practical limitations regarding speed and scalability for larger files. The study evaluates the performance, encryption efficiency, and security aspects of this technique, offering insights into potential applications and areas for further development.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices towards Dengue Fever among University Students in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Usmani Nasimul Ghani , Chandra Pradip , Hassan Tamanna , Debnath Sourav Chandra , Munmun Sunjida , Amin Md. Bony , Pial Sirajul Islam , Miah Md. Asaduzzaman , Hasanuzzaman Md. , Rahman Md. Hafizur , Hassan Md. Nazmul 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background Inadequate knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) on dengue fever (DF) can substantially affect vulnerable people like Bangladeshi university students because of their living status. However, it has never been explored. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the level of KAP regarding DF among university students of Bangladesh.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2023 to January 2024 among 671 university students through convenient sampling. All statistical analysis was performed at 0.05 α level and Hosmer-Lemeshow test was checked to certain the Goodness of fit of the logistic regression models.Results 30.4% of university students had good knowledge on DF and 35.9% had good practice on DF in spite of having higher attitude level (72.28%). Knowledge (aOR:1.7, 95%CI: 1.2–2.5) and attitude (aOR:1.7, 95%CI: 1.2–2.5) were positively associated among participants who had dengue related subjects. Participants who faced dengue cases among their family members (aOR:1.7, 95%CI: 1.2–2.4) had significant level of preventive practices.Conclusions Overall knowledge and practice level were poor among university students. Awareness regarding dengue fever should be created among university students. In addition, knowledge and attitude should be converted to preventive practices among these vulnerable groups.