bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone mineral density in young Chilean patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Mosso Constanza , Hodgson María Isabel , Ortiz Tamara , Reyes Maria Loreto 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn this study, our aim was to analyze bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and compare them with a healthy reference population; in addition, we aimed to observe the association between BMD and the following variables: age at onset, disease duration, metabolic control, pubertal stage, level of physical activity, clinical parameters and nutrient intake.A total of 30 patients with T1DM were included in the study. BMD was determined using dual-energy X-ray densitometry (DXA). Participants with a z-score of values ≥–1 were accepted as normal; BMDs between –2 and –1 were defined as being in the low range of normality; ≤–2 were defined as having low BMD. The 25-hydroxy vitamin D level was classified as sufficient (30–100 ng/mL), insufficient (20–30 ng/mL), and deficient (<20 ng/mL).The percentages of patients with deficient and insufficient 25(OH) vitamin D levels were 50% and 45.8%, respectively. Lumbar spine (LS2–LS4) BMD, total body (TB) BMD and femoral neck (FN) BMD were found in the normal range for more than 80% of the subjects, with no significant differences due to gender. No strong correlations between clinical variables, biochemical parameters and nutrient intake were observed; however, a moderate positive correlation was found between serum calcium and LS2–LS4 BMD (p<0.05). Regression analysis showed that serum calcium, duration of diabetes and intake of sodium and protein are significant factors in determining LS2–LS4 BMD and TB BMD.Patients with T1DM had a normal mean BMD at all sites evaluated, except for two patients who had low BMD at the lumbar spine. More than 95% of patients had insufficient or deficient vitamin D levels. With respect to all the variables studied, serum calcium presented the highest significant correlation with LS2–LS4 BMD.
Childhood parathyroid adenoma: a rare but important cause of nephrolithiasis
Authors: Menon Prema , Dayal Devi , Rao Suhitha G. , Bhattacharya Anish , Narasimha Rao Katragadda Lakshmi 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPrimary hyperparathyroidism is very rare in children and adolescents. The management of a 12-year-old boy with renal calculi due to parathyroid adenoma is discussed. The single tumor after localization with sestamibi scintigraphy and SPECT-CT scan was excised with amelioration of symptoms. The case is reported due to the rarity of the disease and successful unilateral exploration. The association with hypopigmented areas of skin has also not been previously reported in literature.
Exploring Information Seeking Anxiety among Research Students in Pakistan
Authors: Naveed Muhammad Asif 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis study explored information seeking anxiety among 31 Pakistani university research students using the critical incident technique. Face to face interviews were conducted for data collection by visiting the participants in their departments. The results indicated that information seeking anxiety among Pakistani research students manifested in eight dimensions, namely: (a) procedural anxiety, (b) information overload, (c) resource anxiety, (d) library anxiety, (e) competence anxiety, (f) ICT anxiety, (g) language anxiety, and (h) thematic anxiety. These participants also exhibited certain avoidance behaviours, search avoidance, task avoidance, and even research avoidance, along with inferiority complex. The results provided useful insights that could be used as a guide by information professionals, especially those engaged in managing information literacy instruction. In addition, this research would make a worthwhile contribution to the existing research on information behaviour in general and information seeking anxiety in particular.
Overview of Segregated Development in South Africa and Its Implications in the Provision of School Libraries
Authors: Jiyane Glenrose , Fombad Madeleine , Mugwisi Tinashe 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPrior to1994, South Africa’s education system was influenced by racial dynamics which had implications for the development, provision and distribution of human, financial and material resources. This paper presents the overview of segregated development in South Africa and its implications for the provision of school libraries, to support teaching and learning in selected schools in KwaZulu-Natal. It sets out to describe the understanding and the extent of segregated development in the provision of library resources at Gilonki Secondary school and to establish the perceptions of educators and school management for the importance of teaching and learning. This paper seeks to establish the policies/measures which were being put in place to redress these anomalies. Furthermore, this paper observes that development was retarded as evidenced by the poor provision of important resources such as school library services, resulting in poor learner performance, limited ability to excel in reading and mathematics, lack of appropriate study areas, and difficulties in providing extended tasks on class exercises, among other factors. The study concludes that segregated development has had negative implications for the provision of school libraries, and subsequently for the teachers’ and learners’ performances. The study recommends a swift rolling-out of processes to redress challenges of the past.
Crystal structure of 2-(3-(benzofuran-2-yl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazole, C26H17ClFN3OS
Authors: El-Hiti Gamal A. , Abdel-Wahab Bakr F. , Baashen Mohammed , Ghabbour Hazem A. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
C26H17ClFN3OS, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 6.4955(2) Å, b = 14.6143(5) Å, c = 22.6492(8) Å, β = 94.568(1)°, V = 2143.20(12) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0461, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1069, T = 100 K.
Read by Touch: Stewarding the Reading and Writing Collection at the Perkins School for the Blind
Authors: Stothert-Maurer Molly , Arnott Jennifer , Hale Jennifer 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This article traces the history of books, and reading and writing technology, for the blind through an analysis of collections held in the Perkins School for the Blind Archives in Watertown, Massachusetts. These collections include books using embossed text and braille as well as raised figures and other writing systems. The confusion created by competing systems in the United States, especially with regard to Helen Keller’s education, is also considered. The authors establish that if we are to preserve such special collections, we must have an understanding and appreciation of their history and use. The goal of this article is to share information on the challenges of and solutions for preserving and digitizing embossed materials for other archivists and librarians who may have stewardship over similar collections, and to educate readers on how these materials might be used to study the history of reading and writing technology, especially those created for use by the blind.
AERI as a Catalyst for Archival Doctoral Education
Authors: Buchanan Sarah A. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The Archival Education & Research Institutes (AERI) have created a generation of scholars more engaged with research in archives and information than ever before. AERI has fostered international collaborations and collegiality among emerging and established scholars of archival studies since 2009. Members of the community have been successful and have shared in the success of others, and this interconnectivity has raised the caliber and expanded the impact of archival scholarship. This essay, drawing on the author’s experiences, discusses how three components of the AERI program have catalyzed doctoral education in archival studies: scholarship, community, and pedagogy.
Magnesium ionophore II as an extraction agent for trivalent europium and americium
Authors: Makrlík Emanuel , Vaňura Petr 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Solvent extraction of microamounts of trivalent europium and americium into nitrobenzene by using a mixture of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate (H+B−) and magnesium ionophore II (L) was studied. The equilibrium data were explained assuming that the species HL+,

H

L
2
+

${\rm{HL}}_2^ + $

,

M

L
2

3
+

${\rm{ML}}_2^{3 + }$

, and

M

L
3

3
+

${\rm{ML}}_3^{3 + }$

(M3+ = Eu3+, Am3+; L=magnesium, ionophore II) are extracted into the nitrobenzene phase. Extraction and stability constants of the cationic complex species in nitrobenzene saturated with water were determined and discussed. From the experimental results it is evident that this effective magnesium ionophore II receptor for the Eu3+ and Am3+ cations could be considered as a potential extraction agent for nuclear waste treatment.
Recovery of Ra-223 from natural thorium irradiated by protons
Authors: Vasiliev Aleksandr N. , Ostapenko Valentina S. , Lapshina Elena V. , Ermolaev Stanislav V. , Danilov Sergey S. , Zhuikov Boris L. , Kalmykov Stepan N. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIrradiation of natural thorium with medium-energy protons is considered to be a prospective approach to large-scale production of225Ac and223Ra. In addition to the earlier-developed method of225Ac isolation, the present work focuses on the simultaneous recovery of.223Ra from the same thorium target. Radiochemical procedure is based on liquid-liquid extraction, cation exchange and extraction chromatography. The procedure provides separation of radium from spallation and fission products generated in the thorium target. High chemical yield (85– 90%) and radionuclide purity of223Ra (> 99.8% except224Raand225Ra isotopes) have been achieved.
Behavior of Cs in Grimsel granodiorite: sorption on main minerals and crushed rock
Authors: Muuri Eveliina , Ikonen Jussi , Matara-aho Minja , Lindberg Antero , Holgersson Stellan , Voutilainen Mikko , Siitari-Kauppi Marja , Martin Andrew 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In this study the sorption of cesium was investigated on four different minerals; quartz, plagioclase, potassium feldspar
and biotite as well as granodiorite obtained from the Grimsel test site in Switzerland. The experiments were conducted in
the presence of the weakly saline Grimsel groundwater simulant by determining the distribution coefficients using batch
sorption experiments and PHREEQC-modelling across a large concentration range. In addition, the purity of the minerals was
measured by XRD and the specific surface areas by BET method using krypton. The distribution coefficients of cesium were
largest on biotite (0.304 ± 0.005 m3/kg in 10
–8 M). Furthermore, the sorption of cesium on
quartz was found to be negligibly small in all investigated concentrations and the sorption of cesium on potassium
feldspar and plagioclase showed similar behavior against a concentration isotherm with distribution coefficients of
0.0368 ± 0.0004 m3/kg and 0.18 ± 0.04 m3/kg in 10
–8 M. Finally,
cesium sorption behavior on crushed granodiorite followed the trend of one of its most abundant mineral, plagioclase with
distribution coefficient values of 0.107 ± 0.003 m3/kg in 10
–8 M. At low concentrations
(< 1.0 · 10
–6 M) cesium was sorbed on the frayed edge sites of biotite and once these sites are
fully occupied cesium sorbs additionally to the Type II and Planar sites. As a consequence, the sorption of cesium on
biotite is decreased at concentrations > 1.0 · 10
–6 M. Secondly cesium sorption on potassium
feldspar and plagioclase showed similar non-linear behavior with varying concentration. The results were used to assist
the interpretation of cesium diffusion process in the 2.5 year in-situ experiment carried out in the
underground laboratory at Grimsel test site in Switzerland (2007–2009).
The social, political and economic changes in the Western Balkans: Managing diversity
Authors: Sela Ylber , Maksuti Bekim 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This paper gives a retrospective of the events in the Balkans in the last 20 years. Hence, it indicates the problems, the progress and the challenges in terms of respecting and promoting diversity. The Western Balkans has always been a very interesting region with many challenges during different historical periods. If we take into consideration all the differences and diversities in this region, then this shouldn’t strike us as surprising. During history the Balkan region has always been a crossroads of many events, conflicts, changes and destructive occurrences. In order to understand the connection between ethnic and the religious diversity, as well as the future of the Western Balkan countries in terms of Euro-Atlantic integration, we need to provide some information about the political, economic and social changes in these countries during the past, especially in the last two decades.
To get a better understanding of all the processes and events we need to take a look at the 90s of the last century. This period was one of the most important turning points in international relations. By the end of the Cold War there were two blocks within the societies – The Western (capitalist) and the Eastern (communist), and an agreement for the Balkans to be a balance between these two blocks. This fact was important for the promotion of the concept of the nation-state, which refers generally to both of the blocks. However, changes such as the dissolution and breakdown of the USSR and Yugoslavia, as well as the official Eastern bloc fiasco, brought an increase in the individual identity of the citizens living in these countries.
This was the beginning of a new era to be characterized by conflicts, wars, refugees, humanitarian crises, a large number of casualties and injured people, because of the idea that the emerging countries, especially from the Balkan region, should be nation-state countries, i.e. composed of a nation thereby ignoring the ethnic and religious differences or the unrecognized diversity of the citizens of different ethnic groups living in these countries.
The establishment of the Euro-Atlantic integration concept as a key national and state priority of almost every country in this region led to the understanding of differences as an asset, and not as an obstacle for the faster integration to the EU and NATO. This fact undoubtedly contributed to the establishment of the criteria for membership, and in particular to the promotion of the rights and freedoms of minorities as most important for the integration process.
Population aging in Albanian post-socialist society: Implications for care and family life
Authors: Meçe Merita 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Population aging is becoming an inevitable phenomenon in Albanian post-socialist society, posing multi-faceted challenges to its individuals, families and society as a whole. Since 1991, the Albanian population has been exposed to intensive demographic changes caused by unintended aspects of socio-economic transition from a planned socialist economy to a market-oriented capitalist one (Hoff, 2008). Ongoing processes of re-organization of social institutions increased its socio-economic insecurity leading to the application of various coping mechanisms. While adjusting themselves to other aspects of life, people changed their decisions of having children and leaving the country (Hoff, 2008). On the other hand, replacement of former traditional extended family forms with diverse living arrangements and family structures has been the outcome of the combination of three factors: falling fertility, increasing life expectancy and increasing migration (INSTAT, 2014).
However, family remains the basic social unit that provides support, care and protection for its old members even though its capacities are diminishing. Family Life Cycle Theory views family development as a series of stages where family members deal with various developmental tasks and play different roles as they move from one stage to another.
This paper examines population aging in Albanian post-socialist society (after 1990). Based on Family Life Cycle Theory and Family Development Theory, it reviews literature and uses secondary data to discuss its implications for elderly care and family life. It concludes that population aging requires better understanding of this process in order to facilitate a series of family adaptations to respond to the changing needs of its elderly members.
The influence of canon law on ius commune in its formative period
Authors: Mehmeti Sami 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In the Medieval period, Roman law and canon law formed ius commune or the common European law. The similarity between Roman and canon law was that they used the same methods and the difference was that they relied on different authoritative texts. In their works canonists and civilists combined the ancient Greek achievements in philosophy with the Roman achievements in the field of law. Canonists were the first who carried out research on the distinctions between various legal sources and systematized them according to a hierarchical order. The Medieval civilists sought solutions in canon law for a large number of problems that Justinian’s Codification did not hinge on or did it only superficially. Solutions offered by canon law were accepted not only in the civil law of Continental Europe, but also in the English law.
Soziologie der Bewegung. Eine praxeologische Perspektive auf globalisierte Bewegungs-Kulturen / Sociology of Movement. A Practice-Theoretical Perspective on Globalized Movement Cultures
Authors: Klein Gabriele 
Published: April 2016

Zusammenfassung
Körperliche Bewegung beschreibt einen elementaren Zugang des Menschen zur Welt - und die­ser war und ist kulturell und sozial different. Geschlechter- oder Jugendkulturen, altersspezifische, ethnische oder klassenspezifische Kulturen beispielsweise sind zugleich Produzenten und Effekte unterschiedlicher Bewegungspraktiken und Bewegungsordnungen. Unterschiedliche Lebensstilmu­ster korrespondieren mit entsprechenden Bewegungsmustern. In globalisierten und medialisierten Gesellschaften haben sich Bewegungspraktiken (wie asiatische Körperbewusstseins- und Medita­tionstechniken), kulturelle Tanzformen (z. B. Tango, Salsa, Disco, Ballett) und kulturspezifische Sportarten (z. B. Fußball, Kampfsport, Surfen, Snowboard) weltweit verbreitet. Gemeinhin wird die Globalisierung von Bewegungspraktiken entweder als eine weltweite Homogenisierung oder als eine lokale Differenzierung gedeutet. Wie sich aber dieser Prozess vollzieht und wie die Praktiken des kul­turellen Übersetzens von Bewegung beschreibbar sind, bleibt dabei häufig ausgeblendet. Der Beitrag will der Frage des Wie nachgehen und entwirft anhand des Konzeptes der kultuellen Übersetzung eine praxistheoretische Perspektive auf den globalen Transfer von Bewegungspraktiken. An ausge­wählten Beispielen wird ein praxistheoretischer Zugang auf kulturelle Übersetzungen von Bewegung skizziert.
FUScinating insights into motor neuron degeneration
Authors: Dormann Dorothee 
Published: April 2016

Point mutations in FUS cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a devastating neurodegenerative disease—but do they do that by a loss of the protein's normal function, or by endowing it with novel toxic functions, or both? In this issue of The EMBO Journal, Scekic‐Zahirovic et al () report that mutant FUS, but not the complete loss of FUS, triggers motor neuron degeneration in mice, arguing for a toxic gain‐of‐function mechanism.
Evolution of Schooling Behavior in Threespine Sticklebacks Is Shaped by theEdaGene
Authors: Greenwood Anna K , Mills Margaret G , Wark Abigail R , Archambeault Sophie L , Peichel Catherine L 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDespite longstanding interest in the genetic mechanisms that underlie behavioral evolution, very few genes that underlie naturally occurring variation in behavior between individuals or species are known, particularly in vertebrates. Here, we build on our previous forward genetic mapping experiments and use transgenic approaches to identify Ectodysplasin as a gene that causes differences in schooling behavior between wild populations of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) fish. This work provides rare insight into the proximate mechanisms that have shaped the evolution of vertebrate behavior.
Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana; Konsep Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Dalam Hukum Pidana Nasional Yang Akan Datang
Authors: Candra Septa 
Published: April 2016

Concept of Criminal Liability in the Future of National Criminal Law. Separating criminal offense and libility would create a more comprehensive and systematic order towards penal code. This dualistic view implied that the formulation of criminal law only contain actus reus as an objective elements, while mens rea becomes the elements of criminal offense. The view also affect the liability concept. Based on this conception, the future national criminal law would be based on the actions and the doers (daad-dader-strafrecht). DOI: 10.15408/jch.v1i1.2979
Pemberatasan Tindak Pidana Terorisme di Indonesia (Analisis Terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 15 dan 16 Tahun 2003 Berdasarkan Teori Hukum)
Authors: Aji Ahmad Mukri 
Published: April 2016

Eradicating Criminal Acts of Terrorism in Indonesia: Legal Theory Perspective. The terrorist attacks on September 11th 2001 has fundamentally changed the United States and the world's understanding towards the dangers posed by terrorism. As a result, the Act (Act) Anti-Terrorism Law No. 15 and 16 of 2003 was regulated and legalized by the House of Representatives (DPR). Anti-Terrorism Act is expected to provide support functions as a component of the rule of law and a fair legal basis, and effectively prevent the occurrence of acts of terrorism. This article focused on analyzing the anti-terrorism act based on the applicable legal theory. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v1i1.2980
Human Rights in Indonesian Constitutional Amendements
Authors: Kharlie Ahmad Tholabi 
Published: April 2016

Human Rights in Indonesian Constitutional Amendments. Indonesian constitutional amendments incorporated human rights principles into the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia 1945 (UUD NRI), especially in the second amendment in 2000. Under that amendment, the UUD NRI currently stipulates human rights principles as provided for in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). However, there are some important notes, which at its core is a lack of emphasis on the vision and mission of the State in implementing human rights in Indonesia, as well as the existence of gaps between the norms of the Constitution and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v1i1.2987
Demokrasi dan Tata Pemerintahan Dalam Konsep Desa dan Kelurahan
Authors: Nugroho Setyo 
Published: April 2016

Abstract: Democracy and Governance in Village and City Council. Regional autonomy implemented in autonomous region means that every region has its own autonomy in administrating its own governance and to create centre of autonomy throughout the region. This condition is in favour to public’s control towards regional administration and for regional government is to make them easier to decide public services for the society. In addition, the another advantages is to make public services can be attained in the closest level to the public, in politic, economic, general education, culture, security and to increase public participation to mutual progress Abstrak: Demokrasi dan Tata Pemerintahan Dalam Konsep Desa dan Kelurahan. Otonomi daerah dalam bentuk daerah otonom memiliki daerah yang mandiri dalam mengurus pemerintahannya sendiri dan menjadikan pusat-pusat kekuasaan negara tersebar luas di seluruh wilayah negara. Kondisi seperti ini akan kondusif bagi pengendalian proses penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah oleh rakyat, dan bagi pemerintah daerah akan mempermudah penentuan berbagai pelayanan publik yang tepat dan cepat. Di samping itu, manfaat yang lain adalah adanya pemerataan pelayanan publik oleh pemerintah pusat maupun daerah, pemerataan pengembangan masyarakat dalam semua aspek kehidupan, baik politik, ekonomi, pendidikan, hukum, budaya, maupun keamanan serta peningkatan partisipasi politik masyarakat untuk kemajuan bersama. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v1i2.2633