bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One‐Year Mortality After Hip Fracture: Development and Validation of a Prognostic Index
Authors: Cenzer Irena S. , Tang Victoria , Boscardin W. John , Smith Alexander K. , Ritchie Christine , Wallhagen Margaret I. , Espaldon Roxanne , Covinsky Kenneth E. 
Published: June 2016

ObjectivesTo develop a prediction index for 1‐year mortality after hip fracture in older adults that includes predictors from a wide range of domains.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingsHealth and Retirement Study (HRS).ParticipantsHRS participants who experienced hip fracture between 1992 and 2010 as identified according to Medicare claims data (N = 857).MeasurementsOutcome measure was death within 1 year of hip fracture. Predictor measures were participant demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, social support, health, geriatric symptoms, and function. Variables independently associated with 1‐year mortality were identified, and best‐subsets regression was used to identify the final model. The selected variables were weighted to create a risk index. The index was internally validated using bootstrapping to estimate model optimism.ResultsMean age at time of hip fracture was 84, and 76% of the participants were women. There were 235 deaths (27%) during the 1‐year follow up. Five predictors of mortality were included in the final model: aged 90 and older (2 points), male sex (2 points), congestive heart failure (2 points), difficulty preparing meals (2 points), and not being able to drive (1 point). The point scores of the index were associated with 1‐year mortality, with 0 points predicting 10% risk and 7 to 9 points predicting 66% risk. The c‐statistic for the final model was 0.73, with an estimated optimism penalty of 0.01, indicating very little evidence of overfitting.ConclusionThe prognostic index combines demographic, comorbidity, and function variables and can be used to differentiate between individuals at low and high risk of 1‐year mortality after hip fracture.
“Recuperar el trabajo”: Utopia and the Work of Recovery in an Argentine Cooperativist Movement
Authors: Faulk Karen Ann 
Published: June 2016

ResumenDesde su incepción como unidad ideológica, nacida del encuentro colonial, 'América Latina´ ha sido sujeto y productor de imaginarios idealizados del orden universal y el lugar de la humanidad dentro de él. Este artículo analiza las ideas y acciones de un movimiento cooperativista argentino, la Confederación Nacional de Cooperativas de Trabajo (CNCT), y las sitúa dentro de la historia más amplia de visiones utópicas latinoamericanas. Propongo que las ideas y reclamos avanzados por la CNCT tienen una estrecha relación con dos visiones utópicas fundamentals: las ideologías políticas marxistas y peronistas de la justicia social; y la idea de igualdad universal, especialmente como ésta se encuentra elaborada en el discurso normativo transnacional de los derechos humanos. La CNCT une estas visiones en diseñar un nuevo ideal utópico acorde con las realidades y necesidades del siglo veintiuno, absorbiendo, transformando y transcendiendo las visiones utópicas que la inspiran. [Argentina, autogestión, cooperativas, derechos humanos, economía social, trabajo]
Consequences of Dating for Post‐divorce Maternal Well‐being
Authors: Langlais Michael R. , Anderson Edward R. , Greene Shannon M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractRepartnering has been linked to health benefits for mothers, yet few studies have examined relationship quality in this context. According to the divorce–stress–adaptation perspective, relationship quality may influence the relationship between maternal well‐being and dating after divorce. The current study examines the consequences of dating, relationship quality, and dating transitions (breaking up and dating new partners) on maternal well‐being (negative affect and life satisfaction). Using monthly surveys completed by mothers over a 2‐year period after filing for divorce, we examined changes in intercepts and slopes of dating status and transitions for maternal well‐being while also testing the effects of relationship quality. Mothers entering high‐quality relationships were likely to report boosts in well‐being at relationship initiation compared to single mothers and mothers entering low‐quality relationships. Mothers entering lower‐quality relationships were likely to report lower levels of well‐being than single mothers. Dating transitions were associated with increases in well‐being. Implications for maternal adjustment are discussed.
A Meadian Approach to Radical Bohmian Dialogue
Authors: Francovich Chris 
Published: June 2016

AbstractsIssues of communication and the possibilities for the transformation of perspectives through an experimental dialogue resulting in a mutual, open, receptive, and non‐judgmental consideration of the other are addressed in this paper from transdisciplinary theoretical and conceptual standpoints. The warrant for cultivating this type of communicative ability is based on arguments resulting from the assumption of widespread confusion and conflict in intrapersonal, interpersonal, intergroup, and ecological relations across the globe. I argue that there are two distinct classes of “reasons” for this proposed practice of dialogue. First is recognition of the need for human individuals to engage in a regular and systematic “social maintenance” of embodied consciousness to forestall the continuous colonization of the past/future on the living present that embodied consciousness entails. Second is the teaching of a skill to creatively and respectfully engage with others in a mutual transformation of perspectives. This paper addresses the general problem of perspectives and reflexivity at the root of the communication phenomenon and by extension – to its scale and to its pathologies in individuals and collectives. It is argued that suspension of judgment, assumption, and habit (broadly) helps interlocutors to recognize the possibility of holding one's history in a tensional abeyance and to focus on the living present independent of habitualized and reified identities and the embodied manner in which we unconsciously carry ourselves as social or “universalized selves” in social situations.
Efficacy and safety of grazoprevir + ribavirin for 12 or 24 weeks in treatment‐naïve patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection
Authors: Gane E. , Ben Ari Z. , Mollison L. , Zuckerman E. , Bruck R. , Baruch Y. , Howe A. Y. M. , Wahl J. , Bhanja S. , Hwang P. , Zhao Y. , Robertson M. N. 
Published: June 2016

SummaryGrazoprevir (GZR) is a second‐generation hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease inhibitor. The aim of this study was to evaluate GZR plus ribavirin (RBV) in patients with HCV GT1 infection. Noncirrhotic, IL28B CC patients with HCV genotype 1 infection were randomized to GZR 100 mg once daily and RBV for 12 or 24 weeks. Patients in the 12‐week arm with detectable HCV RNA at treatment week 4 (TW4) had treatment extended to 24 weeks (response‐guided therapy, RGT). The primary endpoint was sustained virologic response (SVR12) at follow‐up week 12 (HCV RNA <25 IU/mL) in the per‐protocol (PP) population (excluding patients with important protocol deviations). Twenty‐six patients were randomized and 22 were included in the PP population. SVR12 was 58.3% (7 of 12) and 90% (9 of 10) in the RGT and 24‐week arms, respectively. Seven PP patients had virologic failure, including one patient in the 24‐week arm who relapsed after follow‐up week 12. All three breakthrough patients had wild‐type (WT) virus at baseline and developed breakthrough at TW6 or TW12 with Y56H, A156T and D168A/N mutations. Of the five relapse patients, four had WT at baseline (at relapse three had WT and one had V55A and D168A), and one had S122A/T at baseline and S122T at relapse. There were no serious adverse events (AEs), discontinuations due to AEs or grade 3/4 elevations in total and/or direct bilirubin. Grazoprevir plus RBV was associated with a rapid and sustained suppression of HCV RNA. These results support further evaluation of grazoprevir‐based regimens (NCT01716156; protocol P039).
Species composition determines resistance to drought in dry forests of the Great Lakes – St. Lawrence forest region of central Ontario
Authors: Arthur Corinne M. , Dech Jeffery P. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractQuestionPredicted changes in the frequency of short‐term drought events raise concerns about potential effects of climate change on forest ecosystems. Few experiments have investigated the effects of tree species richness and composition in forest assemblages exposed to drought, and general conclusions for these systems are currently lacking. We tested the hypothesis that different species richness and composition affects community‐level stability during a severe short‐term drought event across a gradient of tree species assemblages typical of temperate forest ecosystems on dry substrates.LocationGreat Lakes – St. Lawrence forest region, central Ontario, Canada.MethodsThe study assemblages spanned a gradient of 15 different combinations of species richness and composition of four tree species. The drought occurred in 2005 and was characterized by high growing season temperature and low precipitation. Plots (n = 63) representing replicate assemblages were selected to collect increment cores (n = 1193) and examine growth responses to past drought at the community and population levels. Cross‐dated tree ring measurements were used to reconstruct basal area increment (BAI) and calculate indices of resistance, resilience and productivity over the drought period. We used hierarchical analysis of variance models to estimate the effects of species richness and composition on drought responses.ResultsWe identified a significant effect of species composition on community‐level resistance and productivity. White pine (Pinus strobus) abundance was associated with lower community resistance and white birch (Betula papyrifera) abundance with higher resistance. Assemblages with greater productivity were often characterized by the high abundance of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides). There was no overall effect of the assemblage gradient on the population‐level stability; however, red pine (Pinus resinosa) productivity was higher in combination with trembling aspen and white birch.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that species richness had no effect on the community‐level stability of growth during a drought in temperate forests on dry substrates. Instead, there were important compositional effects that determine some aspects of stability during drought events. If pine forests were managed to maintain a component of deciduous species, the capacity to dampen the community‐level effects of more frequent drought would increase.
Mapping pollination types with remote sensing
Authors: Feilhauer Hannes , Doktor Daniel , Schmidtlein Sebastian , Skidmore Andrew K. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractQuestionsPollination is an ecosystem function that varies at local spatial scales. Remote sensing may help to quantify and map the resulting patterns for a better understanding of ecosystem functioning. This task is challenging because the signal measured by sensors is dominated by leaf and canopy optical traits that determine the vegetation spectrum. No direct influence of pollination types (i.e. wind, insect and self‐pollination) can be expected. We thus ask: (1) how strongly are pollination types at the community level linked with optical traits; and (2) do these links allow us to map spatial patterns of pollination types with remote sensing data?LocationMires and Molinia grasslands in Bavaria, southern Germany.MethodsWe sampled vascular plant species composition, as well as traits related to optical spectral signals, for 100 plots. Information on pollination types and additional optical traits were compiled from established plant trait databases. Simultaneously with the field sampling, image data of the study site were acquired using the airborne sensor AISA Dual. We tested for correlations between pollination types and optical traits. Based on these results, we regressed the plot‐based information on pollination types against the corresponding spectral signal extracted from the image data. We inverted the models using the image in order to obtain maps of the pollination type distribution across the study site.ResultsIn our study site, pollination types and optical traits were significantly correlated, up to R = −0.813 in the case of wind pollination and leaf dry matter content. These relations are, however, not necessarily transferable to other ecosystems, phenological stages and spatial scales, and their physical interpretation requires careful consideration. We were able to statistically model the spatial distribution of pollination types with a RMSE < 10.5%. The resulting maps provide detailed insights into the spatial distribution of pollination types at the community level.ConclusionsThe results show that pollination types are indeed related to canopy reflectance in a way that allows their mapping using remote sensing. More research is needed in order to improve our knowledge about transferable relations between pollination types and plant traits in other ecosystems and at different phenological stages.
Multidimensional structure of grass functional traits among species and assemblages
Authors: Sandel Brody , Monnet Anne‐Christine , Vorontsova Maria 
Published: June 2016

AbstractQuestionsResearch efforts have sought to understand trait–trait relationships among species and trait–environment relationships. However, connections between these two approaches are rare, despite the fact that species‐level trait–trait correlations constrain the possible trait–environment correlations. We ask how functional traits of grasses are related to each other and to environmental variation.LocationGlobal, with particular focus on the continental United States.MethodsWe compiled distribution data for grasses with three spatial grains – TDWG Level 3 ‘botanical countries’, US counties and vegetation plots within the US. We combined these data with trait data compiled from published sources for 14 traits describing physical and chemical features of the leaves, seeds, roots and entire plant. Trait–trait relationships were explored using correlations and PCA, and trait–environment relationships using regression. Finally, we implemented a null model to predict trait–trait correlations at the assemblage level from those at the species level.ResultsThe functional trait composition of grass species varied strongly along environmental gradients. At the species level, there were two main clusters of related traits – one describing general plant size (including height, seed mass, leaf size and rooting depth), and one describing the leaf economics spectrum (including specific leaf area, Nmass and Pmass). Most trait–trait correlations at the assemblage level did not differ significantly from that predicted from the species level, suggesting that the former are strongly constrained by the latter. Trait–trait and trait–environment relationships in grasses were broadly similar to those observed for other groups, with some exceptions related to the particular growth form, physiology and ecology of grass species.ConclusionsThe unique evolutionary history and ecological role of grasses has led to some unusual trait–climate relationships in the group. Co‐variation among traits at the species level is an important template upon which environmental filters act to determine assemblage trait composition.
Vegetation resilience to mega‐drought along a typical floodplain gradient of the southern Murray‐Darling Basin, Australia
Authors: Capon Samantha J. , Reid Michael A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractQuestionsHow diverse and resilient is vegetation following a decade of extreme drought along a typical floodplain gradient of semi‐arid south‐eastern Australia? How do mechanisms of resilience (i.e. persistence and soil seed banks) vary between major plant groups and spatially with respect to habitat type and position along a flood frequency gradient?LocationSouthern Murray‐Darling Basin, Australia.MethodsWe surveyed understorey vegetation and conducted germination trials to examine responses to re‐wetting from soil seed banks of seven major habitat types along a typical floodplain gradient of the southern Murray‐Darling Basin. We assessed abundance, species richness, functional diversity and composition, including exotic species, within and between extant and germinating assemblages.ResultsUnderstorey vegetation was surprisingly diverse, although low in cover, following a decade of extreme drought, with considerable numbers of plant species (61) and functional plant groups represented. Historically drier habitats, towards floodplain margins, had higher species richness and cover overall and for exotic species. Plant assemblages exhibited high heterogeneity between habitats. Soil seed banks were very dissimilar from extant vegetation, comprising mainly amphibious and damp taxa as well as some terrestrial herbs, mostly annuals. Seed banks were most abundant and diverse in intermediate floodplain habitats, and their composition was very distinct between habitat types.ConclusionsSemi‐arid floodplain vegetation is likely to be highly resilient to prolonged drought. Plants persisting under dry conditions do not appear to rely on local soil seed banks for regeneration and may either tolerate drying in situ or arrive from neighbouring ecosystems. Soil seed banks allow understorey vegetation to respond to re‐wetting, especially in intermediate floodplain habitats. Lake bed assemblages and aquatic/amphibious species lacking soil seed banks appear most vulnerable to drought. Vegetation resilience is promoted by landscape heterogeneity.
Associations of Psychometric Affective Parameters with Urodynamic Investigation for Urinary Frequency
Authors: VRIJENS Desiree M. J. , DROSSAERTS Jamie M. A. F. L. , RADEMAKERS Kevin , SMITS Martijn , DE WACHTER Stefan G. , LEUE Carsten , VAN KOEVERINGE Gommert A. 
Published: June 2016

ObjectivesTo assess an association between affective symptoms and conventional urodynamic results in a pilot study.MethodsThe study represents a retrospective analysis of prospectively obtained clinical data, voiding diaries, urodynamic parameters and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).ResultsA total of 74 patients with urinary frequency attending a multidisciplinary pelvic care centre was included in this study. There was a significant association between the total HADS scores and presence of DO (P = 0.019). In addition, results showed an association between HADS anxiety scores (≥8) and Detrusor Overactivity (DO) (P = 0.018) and between HADS depression scores (≥8) and the feeling of urgency (P = 0.028). Comparative analysis showed differences in age, mean voiding volume, bladder capacity and strong desire between patients with DO and those without.ConclusionThis pilot study revealed an association between psychometric parameters and urodynamic results indicating a common pathway of bladder function and affective complaints. Further research is needed to elucidate which parts of the bladder‐brain axis are involved and how these parts correspond by means of urodynamics.
The Agoudal (High Atlas Mountains, Morocco) shatter cone conundrum: A recent meteorite fall onto the remnant of an impact site
Authors: Chennaoui Aoudjehane Hasnaa , El Kerni Houda , Reimold Wolf Uwe , Baratoux David , Koeberl Christian , Bouley Sylvain , Aoudjehane Mohamed 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAssociations between impact structures and meteorite occurrences are rare and restricted to very young structures. Meteorite fragments are often disrupted in the atmosphere, and in most cases, meteorite falls that have been decelerated by atmospheric drag do not form a crater. Furthermore, meteorites are rapidly weathered. In this context, the finding of shatter cones in Jurassic marly limestone in the same location as a recent (105 ± 40 ka) iron meteorite fall near the village of Agoudal (High Atlas Mountains, Morocco) is enigmatic. The shatter cones are the only piece of evidence of a meteorite impact in the area. The overlap of a meteorite strewn field with the area of occurrence of shatter cones led previous researchers to consider that the meteorite fall was responsible for the formation of shatter cones in the context of formation of one or several small (<100 m) impact craters that had since been eroded. Shatter cones are generally not reported in association with subkilometer‐diameter impact craters. Here, we present new field observations and an analysis of the distribution and characteristics of shatter cones, breccia, and meteorites in the Agoudal area. Evidence for local deformation not related to the structural High Atlas tectonics has been observed, such as a vertical to overturned stratum trending N150‐N160. New outcrops with exposures of shatter cones are reported and extend the previously known area of occurrence. The area of in situ shatter cones (~0.15 km2) and the strewn field of meteorites are distinct, although they show some overlap. The alleged impact breccia is revealed as calcrete formations. No evidence for a genetic relationship between the shatter cones and the meteorites can be inferred from field observations. The extent of the area where in situ shatter cones and macrodeformation not corresponding to Atlas tectonic deformation are observed suggest that the original diameter of an impact structure could have been between at least 1–3 km. For typical erosion rates in the Atlas region (~0.08 cm yr−1), the period of time required for the erosion of such a structure (1.25–3.75 Ma) is much larger than the age of the meteorite fall. This line of reasoning excludes a genetic link between the shatter cones and the meteorite fall and indicates that the observed shatter cones belong to an ancient impact structure that has been almost entirely eroded.
Critical review on retrospective and prospective changes in antifungal susceptibility testing for dermatophytes
Authors: Thatai Purva , Sapra Bharti 
Published: June 2016

SummaryAntifungal susceptibility testing is a progressive field of mycology with respect to dermatophytes as well as non‐dermatophytes. Documentation and approval regarding standardisation of in vitro susceptibility testing have been done by different governing bodies such as Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing and British Society of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. The process of standardisation and approval started in 1985 with certain amendments in 2002 and 2004. In case of dermatophytes, antifungal susceptibility testing protocol has been approved recently in 2008; however, the approved standardisation also needs certain amendments/modifications due to the limitations of an existing method. In the present review, we have compiled these standardisation techniques along with the limitations and advantages and the amendments that have been proposed at different time periods by different researchers and regulatory agencies.