bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Клінічно-орієнтовані технології забезпечення якості лікування пацієнтів пластмасовими коронками
Authors: Yanishen I. V. 
Published: May 2016

<p>The plastic crowns are the most inexpensive of all currently known materials for fixed prosthetics. Plastics have many disadvantages, but the affordable price of this material is not so bad as it may seem at first glance. Actually bits of plastic have certain advantages. For example, the speed and comparative ease of fabrication, uncharacteristic for metal-ceramic, zirconium crowns, gold and other expensive bits. The investigation was conducted to study the effectiveness of the improved treatment of patients by plastic crowns with the selection of compliance-complexes "material-design". We have formed 2 groups of patients with plastic crowns and two subgroups (depending on applied innovation in clinical laboratory stage). For each subgroup a separate clinical groups of patients we used alternative compliance-complexes of dental materials. As a result of treatment by plastic crowns with the use of dental materials with the maximum value of compliance-complexes the impact of the denture on the condition of the oral cavity is achieved by reducing the level of dysbiosis, a decrease in the activity of urease and a decrease in the viscosity of the oral fluid.</p>
Conflitos socioambientais na APA de Cairuçu (Paraty - RJ) à luz da sobreposição com unidades de conservação de diferentes categorias
Authors: Fontes Carine Fonseca Lopes , Guerra Antônio José Teixeira 
Published: May 2016

A APA de Cairuçu, Paraty, Rio de Janeiro, constitui-se um corredor ecológico entre diversas Unidades de Conservação (UCs) do Estado. Este trabalho busca identificar os conflitos socioambientais existentes na APA, analisá-los à luz da sobreposição com outras UCs e discutí-los sob o ponto de vista de gestão e manejo. Para tanto, recorreu-se a levantamentos bibliográficos diversos e extensos diálogos sociais, por meio de trabalhos de campo. Como resultado observou-se que há presença de numerosos conflitos na UC cuja origem está relacionada a sua própria gênese; o zoneamento proposto pelo Plano de Manejo acirra os conflitos existentes, sobretudo na área insular da APA; e que há conflitos no território atrelados à sobreposição de diversos instrumentos de planejamento e gestão com duplicidade de regramentos.
O circuito rap “indé” em paris: dinâmicas socioterritoriais e mensagem ultramar
Authors: Alves Cristiano Nunes 
Published: May 2016

Aborda-se o circuito rap independente em Paris, o chamado “rap indé”, produção musical da cultura hip hop, constituída por materialidades e fluxos dinamizados por agentes cujas raízes estão em territórios ultramarinos. Lançando mão de um levantamento documental e bibliográfico, e, de uma série de entrevistas e visitas técnicas, problematiza-se a relação do hip hop com o lugar, e propõe-se uma análise do rap indé a partir da teoria dos circuitos da economia urbana nos países subdesenvolvidos. Observa-se que o circuito indé, fortalecido na Île-de-France, sobretudo desde meados dos anos 1990, mobiliza toda a região, tendo em Clignancourt, importante lugar de encontro e articulação. Sua produção dá-se em estúdios e selos de menor porte, caracterizando-se ainda por pequenas espessuras ligadas aos eventos musicais, e, divulgação e comercialização alternativas aos grandes circuitos da economia. Trata-se de um estudo buscando alternativas para pensar os modos de se analisar, a partir da música, as dinâmicas socioterritoriais na cidade contemporânea.
Redescubrimiento de la infancia desde una mirada testimonial
Authors: Alfonso Vitalina 
Published: May 2016

Si la década de los 90 del siglo pasado fue un período significativo en la publicación de memorias —y en su repercusión en la crítica—, debidas a autores cubanos que llegaron a los Estados Unidos en la niñez y en la adolescencia, los años 2000 han continuado mostrando que estos, bilingües y biculturales, necesitan de un balance entre la memoria del pasado y el presente anglosajón en que se desenvuelven para lograr la definición que comprende sus dualidades culturales y hasta pluralidades, en consonancia con los nuevos tiempos. El presente trabajo, a través de cuatro obras comprendidas en este género (Nieve en La Habana, Miami y mis mil muertes, Tastes Like Cuba: An Exile’s Hunger for Home y El Mañana. Memorias de un éxodo cubano), muestra cómo para estos escritores rememorar la infancia implica reinventarla verbalmente y cómo la elección de la lengua escritural está en consonancia tanto con la identidad artística como con la necesidad de insertarse en el mainstream literario.
Patients With Chronic Total Occlusions Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Interventions
Authors: Hannan Edward L. , Zhong Ye , Jacobs Alice K. , Stamato Nicholas J. , Berger Peter B. , Walford Gary , Sharma Samin , Venditti Ferdinand J. , King Spencer B. 
Published: May 2016

Background—
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusions (CTO) has been identified as a beneficial treatment, but there is limited information about its use in everyday practice.

Methods and Results—
Data from New York’s PCI registry between July 1, 2009, and June 30, 2012, were used to examine the utilization and variation in use of CTO PCI, the success rates across providers, the multivariable correlates of success, and the mortality of successful CTO PCI. A total of 4030 (3.1%) patients undergoing PCI underwent CTO PCI with a success rate of 61.3%. Patients with successful CTO PCIs were younger; had higher ejection fractions; were less likely to have had previous revascularization or carotid/cerebrovascular disease; and were more likely to have the CTO in the left anterior descending artery. Operators with annual CTO PCI volumes of at least 48 per year (the top volume quartile) had odds of achieving success that were more than twice as high as the half of all operators who performed <9 CTO PCIs per year. Patients with unsuccessful CTO PCIs had significantly higher 2.5-year mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.63; 95% confidence interval, 1.28–2.08) than patients who had complete revascularization (CR) for all CTOs and other diseased lesions.

Conclusions—
The success rate for CTO is low compared with the rate for other lesions. Successful revascularization of CTO is associated with improved survival compared with procedures with unsuccessful CTO, and higher-volume CTO operators are more successful.
Long-Term Effectiveness and Safety of Pravastatin in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Hague Wendy E. , Simes John , Kirby Adrienne , Keech Anthony C. , White Harvey D. , Hunt David , Nestel Paul J. , Colquhoun David M. , Pater Helen , Stewart Ralph A. , Sullivan David R. , Thompson Peter L. , West Malcolm , Glasziou Paul P. , Tonkin Andrew M. 
Published: May 2016

Background—
We aimed to assess the long-term effects of treatment with statin therapy on all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and cancer incidence from extended follow-up of the Long-term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischemic Disease (LIPID) trial.

Methods and Results—

LIPID initially compared pravastatin and placebo over 6 years in 9014 patients with previous coronary heart disease. After the double-blind period, all patients were offered open-label statin therapy. Data were obtained over a further 10 years from 7721 patients, by direct contact for 2 years, by questionnaires thereafter, and from mortality and cancer registries. During extended follow-up, 85% assigned pravastatin and 84% assigned placebo took statin therapy. Patients assigned pravastatin maintained a significantly lower risk of death from coronary heart disease (relative risk [RR] 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81−0.97;
P
=0.009), from cardiovascular disease (RR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.81−0.95;
P
=0.002), and from any cause (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.85−0.97; absolute risk reduction, 2.6%;
P
=0.003).Cancer incidence was similar by original treatment group during the double-blind period (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.82–1.08;
P
=0.41), later follow-up (RR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.91–1.14;
P
=0.74), and overall (RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.91–1.08;
P
=0.83). There were no significant differences in cancer mortality, or in the incidence of organ-specific cancers. Cancer findings were confirmed in a meta-analysis with other large statin trials with extended follow-up.

Conclusions—
In LIPID, the absolute survival benefit from 6 years of pravastatin treatment appeared to be maintained for the next 10 years, with a similar risk of death among survivors in both groups after the initial period. Treatment with statins does not influence cancer or death from noncardiovascular causes during long-term follow-up.
Solar Ultraviolet Attenuation during the Australian (Red Dawn) Dust Event of 23 September 2009
Authors: Downs Nathan , Butler Harry , Parisi Alfio 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The large dust event of 23 September 2009 is recognized as the most significant on record in Australia since the 1940s. At its peak, reported hourly average particulate concentrations exceeded 15,000 μg m−3, significantly exceeding the Australian National Air Quality Standard of 50 μg m−3 and daily September averages of 20–25 μg m−3. Measurements of the spectral surface ultraviolet irradiance monitored continuously before, after, and during the event of 23 September 2009 are presented. These measurements highlight the significance of extreme dust load on the ultraviolet irradiance, and exceed previously published UV attenuations measured in Saharan and Chinese dust events. Measured spectral attenuations of up to 99.5% in the ultraviolet B and 97.6% in the ultraviolet A were associated with the arrival of low-altitude cumuliform cloud and the dust plume ahead of an approaching cold front on the morning of 23 September 2009. The data presented cover the period of maximum attenuation and the afternoon, which had no cloud cover. This research characterizes for the first time the influence of a frontal desert dust storm on the surface ultraviolet irradiance in the naturally high ambient ultraviolet climate of subtropical Australia.
Long-Term Changes in the Climatology of Transient Inverted Troughs over the North American Monsoon Region and Their Effects on Precipitation
Authors: Lahmers Timothy M. , Castro Christopher L. , Adams David K. , Serra Yolande L. , Brost John J. , Luong Thang 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Transient inverted troughs (IVs) are a trigger for severe weather during the North American monsoon (NAM) in the southwest contiguous United States (CONUS) and northwest Mexico. These upper-tropospheric disturbances enhance the synoptic-scale and mesoscale environment for organized convection, increasing the chances for microbursts, straight-line winds, blowing dust, and flash flooding. This work considers changes in the track density climatology of IVs between 1951 and 2010. IVs are tracked as potential vorticity (PV) anomalies on the 250-hPa surface from a regional climate model that dynamically downscales the NCEP–NCAR Reanalysis 1. Late in the NAM season, a significant increase in IV track density over the 60-yr period is observed over Southern California and western Arizona, coupled with a slight decrease over northwest Mexico. Changes in precipitation are evaluated on days when an IV is observed and days without an IV, using high-resolution model-simulated precipitation estimates and CPC gridded precipitation observations. Because of changes in the spatial distribution of IVs during the 1951–2010 analysis period, which are associated with a strengthening of the monsoon ridge, it is suggested that IVs have played a lesser role in the initiation and organization of monsoon convection in the southwest CONUS during recent warm seasons.
Liquid planning, wiki-design—Learning from the Case Pispala
Authors: Partanen Jenni 
Published: May 2016

As the key aspects of theories of complex systems have been established, the premises for academic research on planning and on planning praxis still necessitates the development of novel planning tools and approaches to address inevitable urban self-organizing transformations. We have accepted that cities emerge from bottom up. However, planning methods simulating this emergence are still limited. Progress has been made in recent decades and many systemic, evolutionary, and computing based planning approaches have been proposed. The work here builds on these premises. Network theoretical, computational, and democracy discourses have proposed proxy or liquid approaches as for genuinely democratic forms of decision-making. More importantly, they enable information organization from bottom up in a digital platform. This process actually follows the very principles of self-organization of information in information or cognitive sciences: entropy decreases as the “bits” of information self-organize into coherent classes. These principles are also applicable in bottom-up planning. Hence, and to bring this discourse closer to the planning realm, I compared the conceptualized structures of Liquid Democracy, SIRN cognitive model and prior self-organizing planning proposals in a bottom-up planning experiment in Pispala neighborhood, Tampere, Finland. I evaluated its capacity for self-organization of information and hypothesized that the case provides a frame for a new self-organizing planning method. Based on this evaluation a structure for a digitalized Liquid Planning procedure is suggested and discussed.
Tidying rooms and tending hearts: An explorative, mixed-methods study of hospital cleaning staff’s experiences with seriously ill and dying patients
Authors: Jors Karin , Tietgen Svenja , Xander Carola , Momm Felix , Becker Gerhild 
Published: May 2016

Background/aim: Palliative care is based on multi-professional team work. In this study, we investigated how cleaning staff communicate and interact with seriously ill and dying patients as well as how cleaning staff cope with the situation of death and dying. Design: Sequential mixed methods, consisting of semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and a questionnaire. Interviews and focus group discussions were content analyzed and results were used to create a questionnaire. Quantitative data were submitted to descriptive analysis. Setting: Large university clinic in southern Germany. Participants: A total of 10 cleaning staff participated in the interviews and 6 cleaning staff took part in the focus group discussion. In addition, three managerial cleaning staff participated in a separate focus group. Questionnaires were given to all cleaning staff ( n = 240) working at the clinic in September 2008, and response rate was 52% (125/240). Results: Cleaning staff described interactions with patients as an important and fulfilling aspect of their work. About half of participants indicated that patients talk with them every day, on average for 1–3 min. Conversations often revolved around casual topics such as weather and family, but patients also discussed their illness and, occasionally, thoughts regarding death with cleaning staff. When patients addressed illness and death, cleaning staff often felt uncomfortable and helpless. Conclusion: Cleaning staff perceive that they have an important role in the clinic—not only cleaning but also supporting patients. Likewise, patients appreciate being able to speak openly with cleaning staff. Still, it appears that cleaning staff may benefit from additional training in communication about sensitive issues such as illness and death.
The Properties of 3 Different Plasma Formulations and Their Effects on Tendinopathic Cells
Authors: Rubio-Azpeitia Eva , Bilbao Ane M. , Sánchez Pello , Delgado Diego , Andia Isabel 
Published: May 2016

Background: Tendinopathies are attributed to failure of the healing process and inadequate tissue remodeling. Plasma injections can trigger regenerative responses by modifying the molecular microenvironment. Purpose: To examine the differences in the mitotic, chemotactic, anabolic, and inflammatory effects between leukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and platelet-poor plasma (PPP). Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Tendinopathic cells were cultured in 3-dimensional (3D) hydrogels formed using PPP, PRP, and L-PRP. Cell migration was evaluated using a μ-Slide chemotaxis chamber with video microscopy. Proliferation was assessed using XTT assays. Expression of genes associated with matrix turnover, including type 1 collagen ( COL1A1), COL3A1, aggrecan, decorin, fibronectin, matrix metalloproteinase 1 ( MMP-1), MMP-3, A Disintegrin-Like And Metalloprotease With Thrombospondin Type 1 Motif proteins 4 ( ADAMTS-4), and ADAMTS-5, was assessed using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Secreted inflammatory proteins, including interleukin (IL)–1β, IL-6, IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Tendinopathic cells migrate at a higher velocity along L-PRP and PRP than along PPP gradients. PRP and L-PRP promote hypercellularity. PPP and PRP showed more pronounced anabolic properties, as demonstrated by enhanced COL1A1 and COL3A1 and reduced MMP-1 expression. Decorin, fibronectin, and aggrecan were downregulated in L-PRP compared with PPP and PRP. L-PRP and PRP were shown to be more proinflammatory than PPP in terms of IL-6 secretion, but cells in PPP showed MCP-1high phenotype. CTGF secretion was significantly reduced in L-PRP compared with PPP and PRP. Conclusion: The main advantages of L-PRP and PRP use, compared with PPP, include their stronger chemotactic and proliferative properties. While PPP and PRP stimulate matrix anabolism, L-PRP is more proinflammatory. Emphasis should be placed on the temporal needs and biological characteristics of injured tendons, and plasma formulations need to be tailored accordingly. Clinical Relevance: Versatile systems allowing the preparation of different plasma formulations, such as PPP, PRP, or L-PRP, can help refine clinical applications by taking advantage of their different biological properties.
Breast Milk Lead Levels in 3 Major Regions of the West Bank of Palestine
Authors: Shawahna Ramzi , Zyoud Ahed , Dwikat Jamela , El-Helo Maram , Yacoub Bayan , Hilal Hikmat 
Published: May 2016

Background: Lead is a neurotoxic pollutant that is ubiquitously spread in our environment. Breast milk contaminated with lead poses a potential risk of exposing a recipient infant to lead. Objectives: The primary aims of this study were to evaluate the breast milk lead levels (BMLLs) in breastfeeding mothers in 3 major regions of the West Bank of Palestine and to investigate the effects of some sociodemographic variables on the BMLLs. Methods: Breast milk samples were collected from 89 breastfeeding mothers from the Nablus, Ramallah, and Jerusalem regions and analyzed for their BMLLs using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Breastfeeding mothers were interviewed and responded to a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: The median BMLL was 4.0 µg/L, ranging from 2.0 to 12.0 µg/L. Breast milk lead levels in 19.1% of the samples analyzed were higher than the World Health Organization’s safety limits of 2.0 to 5.0 µg/L for an occupationally unexposed population. Breast milk lead levels were significantly higher in breast milk of mothers who lived in cities and refugee camps ( P < .01), had lower monthly household income levels ( P < .05), lived close to paint shops ( P < .05), lived in houses with peeling or chipping paint ( P < .05), used eye kohl ( P < .01), and worked in agriculture for a duration longer than 3 years ( P < .01). Conclusion: Breast milk lead levels were higher than the safety limits for occupationally unexposed populations. Authorities need to implement measures to eliminate or reduce lead exposure, especially in refugee camps and cities. Marketed eye kohl preparations should be tested for their lead contents.
Holding up half the sky? Women at work in the 21st century
Authors: Pocock Barbara 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis is an edited version of the 2015 Fay Gale Lecture soon after the author’s retirement as Director of the University of South Australia’s Centre for Work + Life. It begins with the author’s personal work reminiscences as a touchstone for reflecting on continuity and change in women’s working lives. A first job in sheep-shearing sheds illustrates the insecurity and hard physical and emotional labour associated with manual work. Despite strides in Australian women’s qualification levels, discrimination is being ‘refreshed and remade’. Examples include recent Australian reversals in paid parental leave policy and the role of sexual harassment in patrolling work boundaries. The institutional basis of unequal pay and inflexible work/family time allocation is demonstrated in the Productivity Commission’s 2015 Workplace Relations agenda. This recommends reduced Sunday penalty rates that will disproportionately affect feminised, low-paid retail and hospitality work and rejects any strengthening of parents’ statutory right to request flexible work arrangements. Three remedies are proposed – creative approaches to research, campaigning and political action.
The Prevalence and Regional Variation of Major Depressive Disorder Among Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease in the Medicare Population
Authors: Columbo Jesse A. , Stone David H. , Goodney Philip P. , Nolan Brian W. , Stableford Jennifer A. , Brooke Benjamin S. , Powell Richard J. , Finn Christine T. 
Published: May 2016

Background: Current evidence suggests an association between coronary artery disease and major depressive disorder (MDD). Data to support a similar association between peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and MDD are more limited. This study examines the prevalence and regional variation of both PAD and MDD in a large contemporary patient sample. Methods: All Medicare claims, part A and B, from January 2009 until December 2011 were queried using diagnosis codes specific for a previously validated clinical algorithm for PAD and major depression. Codes for PAD included those specific to cerebrovascular disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and peripheral vascular disease. Peripheral arterial disease prevalence, major depression prevalence, and coprevalence rates were determined, respectively. Regional variation of both conditions was determined using zip code data to identify potential endemic areas of disease intensity for both diagnoses. Results: Over the study interval, the percentage of Medicare beneficiaries with a diagnosis of PAD remained relatively constant (3.0%-3.7%, n = 0.85-1.06 million in part A and 17.4%-17.5%, n = 4.82-4.93 million in part B), and MDD showed a similar trend (1.6%-2.7%, n = 0.46-0.79 million in part A and 6.1%-6.7%, n = 1.69-1.90 million in part B). The observed rate of MDD in those with an established diagnosis of PAD was 5-fold higher than those without PAD in part A claims (1.8-fold in part B claims). Moreover, there was a significant linear geographic correlation among patients with PAD and MDD ( r = .54, P ≤ .01). Conclusions: This study documents a correlation between PAD and MDD and may, therefore, identify an at-risk population susceptible to inferior clinical outcomes. Significant regional variation exists in the prevalence of PAD and MDD, though there appear to be specific endemic regions notable for both disorders. Accordingly, health-care resource allocation toward endemic regions may help improve population health among this at-risk cohort.