bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preclinical Alterations in Myocardial Microstructure in People with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Ho Jennifer E. , Rahban Youssef , Sandhu Harpaul , Hiremath Pranoti G. , Ayalon Nir , Qin Fuzhong , Perez Alejandro J. , Downing Jill , Gopal Deepa M. , Cheng Susan , Colucci Wilson S. 
Published: July 2017

ObjectiveMetabolic syndrome (MetS) can lead to myocardial fibrosis, diastolic dysfunction, and eventual heart failure. This study evaluated alterations in myocardial microstructure in people with MetS by using a novel algorithm to characterize ultrasonic signal intensity variation.MethodsAmong 254 participants without existing cardiovascular disease (mean age 42 ± 11 years, 75% women), there were 162 with MetS, 47 with obesity without MetS, and 45 nonobese controls. Standard echocardiography was performed, and a novel validated computational algorithm was used to investigate myocardial microstructure based on sonographic signal intensity and distribution. The signal intensity coefficient (SIC [left ventricular microstructure]) was examined.ResultsThe SIC was significantly higher in people with MetS compared with people with (P < 0.001) and without obesity (P = 0.04), even after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and the ratio of triglyceride (TG) to high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (P < 0.05 for all). Clinical correlates of SIC included TG concentrations (r = 0.21, P = 0.0007) and the TG/HDL ratio (r = 0.2, P = 0.001).ConclusionsThis study's findings suggest that preclinical MetS and dyslipidemia in particular are associated with altered myocardial signal intensity variation. Future studies are needed to determine whether the SIC may help detect subclinical diseases in people with metabolic disease, with the ultimate goal of targeting preventive efforts.
Scalable ambient synthesis of water‐soluble poly(β‐hydroxythio‐ether)s
Authors: Hwang JiHyeon , Choe Youngson , Bang Joona , Khan Anzar 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTProton transfer polymerization through thiol‐epoxy “click” reaction between commercially available and hydrophilic di‐thiol and di‐epoxide monomers is carried out under ambient conditions to furnish water‐soluble polymers. The hydrophilicity of monomers permitted use of aqueous tetrahydrofuran as the reaction medium. A high polarity of this solvent system in turn allowed for using a mild catalyst such as triethylamine for a successful polymerization process. The overall simplicity of the system translated into a simple mixing of monomers and isolation of the reactive polymers in an effortless manner and on any scale required. The structure of the resulting polymers and the extent of di‐sulfide defects are studied with the help of 13C‐ and 1H‐NMR spectroscopy. Finally, reactivity of the synthesized polymers is examined through post‐polymerization modification reaction at the backbone sulfur atoms through oxidation reaction. The practicality, modularity, further functionalizability, and water solubility aspects of the described family of new poly(β‐hydroxythio‐ether)s is anticipated to accelerate investigations into their potential utility in bio‐relevant applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 3381–3386
A systematic review of patient oncofertility support needs in reproductive cancer patients aged 14 to 45 years of age
Authors: Logan S. , Perz J. , Ussher J.M. , Peate M. , Anazodo A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectiveDecline in fertility potential brought about by a cancer diagnosis or cancer treatment is one of the biggest impacts to cancer patients' long‐term quality of life. As such, the current manuscript aimed to systematically review the literature on oncofertility support needs for cancer patients of a reproductive age (14–45 years of age).MethodsA systematic review of the literature was conducted in May 2016 through the searching of electronic databases Medline, EMBASE, PSYCH Info, Web of Science and SCOPUS, alongside the screening of relevant reference lists. An initial search identified 351 potentially relevant studies. The papers were divided into 2 categories; papers on patient oncofertility support needs were reviewed for this systematic review, and papers on clinician provision of oncofertility support were reviewed for a separate systematic review.ResultsA total of 30 studies were included within the final review. Support needs were categorised as information, service, clinician‐patient interactions, psychological, and family. A number of studies indicated that cancer patients place great important on their oncofertility care and have unmet support needs. Patients were satisfied and felt supported when additional care was taken to ensure fertility information and service needs were met.ConclusionsPatients desire for clinicians to support their concerns through the provision of adequate information, access to oncofertility services, taking time to discuss oncofertility treatment and concerns, specialised psychological support, and responsiveness to individual needs.
Physicians' self‐reported practice behaviour regarding fertility‐related discussions in paediatric oncology in Sweden
Authors: Armuand G.M. , Nilsson J. , Rodriguez‐Wallberg K.A. , Malmros J. , Arvidson J. , Lampic C. , Wettergren L. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate practice behaviours of Swedish physicians with regard to discussing the impact of cancer treatment on fertility with paediatric oncology patients and their parents, and to identify factors associated with such discussions.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey study was conducted targeting all physicians in Sweden working in paediatric oncology care settings. Participants responded to a questionnaire measuring practice behaviour, attitudes, barriers, and confidence in knowledge. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with seldom discussing fertility.ResultsMore than half of the physicians routinely talked with their patients/parents about the treatment's potential impact on fertility (male patients: 62%; female patients: 57%; P = 0.570). Factors associated with less frequently discussing fertility with patients/parents were working at a non‐university hospital (male patients: OR 11.49, CI 1.98–66.67; female patients: OR 33.18, CI 4.06–271.07), concerns that the topic would cause worry (male patients: OR 8.23, CI 1.48–45.89; female patients: OR 12.38, CI 1.90–80.70), and perceiving the parents as anxious (male patients: OR 7.18, CI 1.20–42.85; female patients: OR 11.65, CI 1.32–103.17).ConclusionsBased on our findings, we recommend structured training in how to communicate about fertility issues in stressful situations, which in turn might increase fertility‐related discussions in paediatric oncology.
Effect of solvent and protein dynamics in ligand recognition and inhibition of aminoglycoside adenyltransferase 2″‐Ia
Authors: Bacot‐Davis Valjean R. , Bassenden Angelia V. , Sprules Tara , Berghuis Albert M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe aminoglycoside modifying enzyme (AME) ANT(2″)‐Ia is a significant target for next generation antibiotic development. Structural studies of a related aminoglycoside‐modifying enzyme, ANT(3″)(9), revealed this enzyme contains dynamic, disordered, and well‐defined segments that modulate thermodynamically before and after antibiotic binding. Characterizing these structural dynamics is critical for in situ screening, design, and development of contemporary antibiotics that can be implemented in a clinical setting to treat potentially lethal, antibiotic resistant, human infections. Here, the first NMR structural ensembles of ANT(2″)‐Ia are presented, and suggest that ATP‐aminoglycoside binding repositions the nucleotidyltransferase (NT) and C‐terminal domains for catalysis to efficiently occur. Residues involved in ligand recognition were assessed by site‐directed mutagenesis. In vitro activity assays indicate a critical role for I129 toward aminoglycoside modification in addition to known catalytic D44, D46, and D48 residues. These observations support previous claims that ANT aminoglycoside sub‐class promiscuity is not solely due to binding cleft size, or inherent partial disorder, but can be controlled by ligand modulation on distinct dynamic and thermodynamic properties of ANTs under cellular conditions. Hydrophobic interactions in the substrate binding cleft, as well as solution dynamics in the C‐terminal tail of ANT(2″)‐Ia, advocate toward design of kanamycin‐derived cationic lipid aminoglycoside analogs, some of which have already shown antimicrobial activity in vivo against kanamycin and gentamicin‐resistant P. aeruginosa. This data will drive additional in silico, next generation antibiotic development for future human use to combat increasingly prevalent antimicrobial resistance.
First report of Ser653Asn mutation endowing high‐level resistance to imazamox in downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.)
Authors: Kumar Vipan , Jha Prashant 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDBromus tectorum L. is one of the most troublesome grass weed species in cropland and non‐cropland areas of the northwestern USA. In summer 2016, a B. tectroum accession (R) that survived imazamox at the field‐use rate (44 g ha–1) in an imidazolinone‐tolerant (IMI‐tolerant or Clearfield™) winter wheat field was collected from a wheat field in Carter County, MT, USA. The aim of this study was to determine the resistance profile of the B. tectroum R accession to imazamox and other ALS inhibitors, and investigate the mechanism of resistance to imazamox.RESULTSThe R B. tectorum accession had a high‐level resistance (110.1‐fold) to imazamox (IMI) and low to moderate‐levels cross‐resistance to pyroxsulam (TP) (4.6‐fold) and propoxycarbazone (SCT) (13.9‐fold). The R accession was susceptible to sulfosulfuron (SU) and quizalofop and clethodim (ACCase inhibitors), paraquat (PS I inhibitor), glyphosate (EPSPS inhibitor) and glufosinate (GS inhibitor). Sequence analysis of the ALS gene revealed a single, target‐site Ser653Asn mutation in R plants. Pretreatment of malathion followed by imazamox at 44 or 88 g ha–1 did not reverse the resistance phenotype.CONCLUSIONThis is the first report of evolution of cross‐resistance to ALS‐inhibiting herbicides in B. tectorum. A single‐point mutation, Ser653Asn, was identified, conferring the high‐level resistance to imazamox. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Insecticide resistance in Trialeurodes vaporariorum populations and novel diagnostics for kdr mutations
Authors: Kapantaidaki Despoina E , Sadikoglou Eldem , Tsakireli Dimitra , Kampanis Vasileios , Stavrakaki Marianna , Schorn Corinna , Ilias Aris , Riga Maria , Tsiamis George , Nauen Ralf , Skavdis George , Vontas John , Tsagkarakou Anastasia 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDNeonicotinoids, pyrethroids and ketoenols are currently used for the control of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). In this study, insecticide resistance status and mechanisms were investigated using classical bioassays and molecular techniques.RESULTSDose–response bioassays were performed on 19 Greek populations, among the 35 different whitefly populations used for the whole analysis. Resistance factors scaled up to 207‐, 4657‐ and 59‐fold for imidacloprid, bifenthrin and spiromesifen, respectively. Molecular assays were used to investigate the frequency of known resistance mutations. A simple polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) assay was developed for detecting the pyrethroid‐resistant alleles r1 (mutation L925I) and r2 (mutation T929I) of the para‐type voltage‐gated sodium channel gene (VGSC). Both alleles were present at high frequencies (on average 65% and 33%, respectively) in 14 populations from Greece. The M918 L pyrethroid resistance mutation was not detected in any of the Greek populations. Sequencing and a Taqman allelic discrimination were used to monitor the frequency of the mutation E645K of the acetyl‐coenzyme A carboxylase gene (ACC) recently linked to spiromesifen resistance. This mutation was detected in 20 of the 24 populations examined in ∼38% frequency among the 433 individuals tested. However, its association with the spiromesifen resistance phenotype was not confirmed in the Greek populations. Finally, two homologues of the CYP6CM1 Bemisia tabaci P450, the known neonicotinoid metabolizer, were found upregulated in two T. vaporariorum neonicotinoid‐resistant populations; they were both functionally expressed in Escherichia coli, but the recombinant proteins encoded did not metabolize those neonicotinoid insecticides tested.CONCLUSIONThe development of simple diagnostics and their use alongside classical and molecular techniques for the early detection of resistant populations are of great importance for pest management strategies. The practical implications of our results are discussed in light of whitefly control. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Standardized molecular diagnostic tool for the identification of cryptic species within the Bemisia tabaci complex
Authors: Elfekih Samia , Tay Wee Tek , Gordon Karl , Court Leon N , De Barro Paul J 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe whitefly Bemisia tabaci complex harbours over 40 cryptic species that have been placed in 11 phylogenetically distinct clades based on the molecular characterization of partial mitochondrial DNA COI (mtCOI) gene region. Four cryptic species are currently within the invasive clade, i.e. MED, MEAM1, MEAM2 and IO. Correct identification of these species is a critical step towards implementing reliable measures for plant biosecurity and border protection; however, no standardized B. tabaci‐specific primers are currently available which has caused inconsistencies in the species identification processes.RESULTSWe report three sets of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers developed to amplify the mtCOI region which can be used for genotyping MED, MEAM1 and IO species, and tested these primers on 91 MED, 35 MEAM1 and five IO individuals. PCR and sequencing of amplicons identified a total of 21, six and one haplotypes in MED, MEAM1 and IO respectively, of which six haplotypes were new to the B. tabaci database.CONCLUSIONThese primer pairs enabled standardization and robust molecular species identification via mtCOI screening of the targeted invasive cryptic species and will improve quarantine decisions. Use of this diagnostic tool could be extended to other species within the complex. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Quiescent Oct4+ Neural Stem Cells (NSCs) Repopulate Ablated Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein+ NSCs in the Adult Mouse Brain
Authors: Reeve Rachel L. , Yammine Samantha Z. , Morshead Cindi M. , van der Kooy Derek 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Adult primitive neural stem cells (pNSCs) are a rare population of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)– Oct4+ cells in the mouse forebrain subependymal zone bordering the lateral ventricles that give rise to clonal neurospheres in leukemia inhibitory factor in vitro. pNSC neurospheres can be passaged to self-renew or give rise to GFAP+ NSCs that form neurospheres in epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 2, which we collectively refer to as definitive NSCs (dNSCs). Label retention experiments using doxycycline-inducible histone-2B (H2B)–green fluorescent protein (GFP) mice and several chase periods of up to 1 year quantified the adult pNSC cell cycle time as 3–5 months. We hypothesized that while pNSCs are not very proliferative at baseline, they may exist as a reserve pool of NSCs in case of injury. To test this function of pNSCs, we obtained conditional Oct4 knockout mice, Oct4fl/fl;Sox1Cre (Oct4CKO), which do not yield adult pNSC-derived neurospheres. When we ablated the progeny of pNSCs, namely all GFAP+ dNSCs, in these Oct4CKO mice, we found that dNSCs did not recover as they do in wild-type mice, suggesting that pNSCs are necessary for dNSC repopulation. Returning to the H2B-GFP mice, we observed that the cytosine β-d-arabinofuranoside ablation of proliferating cells including dNSCs-induced quiescent pNSCs to proliferate and significantly dilute their H2B-GFP label. In conclusion, we demonstrate that pNSCs are the most quiescent stem cells in the adult brain reported to date and that their lineage position upstream of GFAP+ dNSCs allows them to repopulate a depleted neural lineage.
Key challenges and future directions for educational research on scientific argumentation
Authors: Henderson J. Bryan , McNeill Katherine L. , González‐Howard María , Close Kevin , Evans Mat 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAt the 2015 NARST: A Worldwide Organization for Improving Science Teaching and Learning Through Research Annual International Conference, a group of scholars held an extended pre‐conference workshop to discuss key challenges and future directions faced by argumentation researchers around the world. This wide‐ranging group of facilitators and participants represented varying perspectives and experiences with argumentation research. Learning artifacts from the workshop were collected and analyzed utilizing multiple qualitative coding techniques. Analysis of these artifacts revealed five major themes that emerged from the NARST workshop describing this group of scholars’ views on current issues and potential directions for the field of argumentation research. These themes center on: (i) establishing a classroom culture that values argumentation; (ii) how differing theoretical frameworks challenge how researchers communicate findings; (iii) the challenge of assessing various aspects of scientific argumentation in a valid and reliable fashion; (iv) pedagogical challenges in supporting student discourse and social collaboration; and (v) challenges concerning the professional development of teachers. Each of these themes is described using direct quotes from the workshop artifacts, and implications for future research in argumentation are discussed. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 55: 5–18, 2018
Gender, complexity, and science for all: Systemizing and its impact on motivation to learn science for different science subjects
Authors: Zeyer Albert 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe present study is based on a large cross‐cultural study, which showed that a systemizing cognition type has a high impact on motivation to learn science, while the impact of gender is only indirect thorough systemizing. The present study uses the same structural equation model as in the cross‐cultural study and separately tests it for physics, chemistry, and biology. The model was confirmed for physics and chemistry, but not for biology. This is interpreted as empirical evidence for a cognitive difference between the learning of hard sciences (like physics and chemistry) and life sciences (like biology) that reflects an epistemological difference between ordered (linear) and complex (non‐linear) systems. It is concluded that a more prominent inclusion of complex issues into science teaching could motivate low and average systemizers, independent of their gender, for science learning, that is, could be a key to science for all. Thus, there is a mutual benefit between important 21st century's issues of science teaching and the need to foster students’ motivation to learn science. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 55: 147–171, 2018
Comparison of Prognostic Abilities Among Preoperative Laboratory Data Indices in Patients with Resectable Gastric and Esophagogastric Junction Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Urabe Masayuki , Yamashita Hiroharu , Watanabe Toshiaki , Seto Yasuyuki 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundNeutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte‐to‐monocyte ratio (LMR), modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) are simple indices determined employing laboratory data alone and have been used to predict the clinical outcomes of patients with esophagogastric tumors. However, prior results were generally based on analyzing dichotomous data with arbitrary cutoff values. This retrospective study aims to assess prognostic utilities of preoperative NLR, PLR, LMR, mGPS and PNI, as continuous variables, in gastric cancer (GC) and adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG).MethodsPreoperative data from 1363 patients who underwent surgery for GC/AEG were retrospectively examined. Survival time was evaluated applying the Cox proportional hazard model to both univariate and multivariate estimates of clinicopathological factors and the aforementioned indices as continuous variables.ResultsPreoperatively, each index value was significantly associated with T and N stages, as well as lymphatic involvement and venous involvement. On univariate Cox regression analysis, preoperative NLR, PLR, LMR and PNI were significantly associated with overall survival (OS) and relapse‐free survival (RFS). Preoperative mGPS was associated only with RFS. On multivariate Cox regression analysis, preoperative PNI was independently associated with OS and RFS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.62 per 10‐unit increase, 95% CI 0.47–0.82, p < 0.001; HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.46–0.78, p < 0.001, respectively), as age, gender, tumor location, T and N stages and venous involvement, while other indices lost independence on multivariate analysis.ConclusionsPreoperative PNI, a score related to nutritional status, is of importance for predicting long‐term outcomes in patients with GC and AEG.
Dimensions of parenting among mothers and fathers in relation to social anxiety among female adolescents
Authors: Bynion Teah‐Marie , Blumenthal Heidemarie , Bilsky Sarah A. , Cloutier Renee M. , Leen‐Feldner Ellen W. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTSocial anxiety is the most common anxiety disorder among youth; theoretical and empirical work suggest specific parenting behaviors may be relevant. However, findings are inconsistent, particularly in terms of maternal as compared to paternal effects. In the current study, we evaluated the indirect effects of perceived psychological control on the relation between anxious rearing behaviors and child social anxiety among 112 community‐recruited girls (ages 12–15 years). In addition to self‐report, adolescent participants completed a laboratory‐based social stress task. In line with hypotheses, results indicated indirect effects of psychological control on the relation between anxious rearing behaviors and child social anxiety in maternal but not paternal models. Findings are discussed in terms of their theoretical and empirical implications for clarifying the role of parental relations in adolescent social anxiety.