bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin II, blood–brain barrier permeability, and microglia interplay during the transition from pre-to hypertensive phase in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Makuch-Martins Mariana , Vieira-Morais Camilla G. , Perego Sany M. , Ruggeri Adriana , Ceroni Alexandre , Michelini Lisete C. 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundHypertension is characterized by upregulation of the renin–angiotensin system, increased blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability, microglia activation within autonomic nuclei, and an intense sympathoexcitation. There is no information on the interplay of these events during the development of neurogenic hypertension. We sought to identify the interaction and time-course changes of Ang II availability, barrier dysfunction, microglia activation, and autonomic imbalance within autonomic areas during the development of neurogenic hypertension.MethodsSequential changes of hemodynamic/autonomic parameters, BBB permeability, microglia structure/density (IBA-1), and angiotensin II (Ang II) immunofluorescence were evaluated within the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, nucleus of the solitary tract, and rostral ventrolateral medulla of Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) aged 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks. The somatosensory cortex and hypoglossal nucleus were also analyzed as non-autonomic control areas.ResultsIncreased brain Ang II availability (4th–5th week) was the first observed change, followed by the incipient BBB leakage and increased microglia density (6th week). From the 5th–6th weeks on, BBB leakage, Ang II, and IBA-1 densities increased continuously, allowing a parallel increase in both Ang II-microglia colocalization and the transition of microglial cells from highly ramified in the basal surveillant condition (4th–5th week) to shorter process arbors, fewer endpoints, and enlarged soma in the disease-associate condition (6th week to the 12th week). Simultaneously with increased Ang II-microglia colocalization and microglia morphologic phenotypic changes, sympathetic activity and pressure variability increased, autonomic control deteriorated, and blood pressure increased. These responses were not specific for autonomic nuclei but also occurred at a lower magnitude in the somatosensory cortex and hypoglossal nucleus, indicating the predominance of hypertension-induced effects on autonomic areas. No changes were observed in age-matched controls where Ang II density did not change.ConclusionBrain Ang II density is the initial stimulus to drive coordinated changes in BBB permeability and microglial reactivity. Increased BBB dysfunction allows access of plasma Ang II and increases its local availability and the colocalization and activation of microglial cells. It is a potent stimulus to augments vasomotor sympathetic activity, autonomic imbalance, and pressure elevation during the establishment of hypertension.
Establishing age- and sex-specific anthropometric growth references standards for South Punjab adolescents utilizing the LMS method: findings from the Pakistani population
Authors: Long Liu , Hamdani Syed Danish , Hamdani Syed Muhammad Zeeshan Haider , Zhuang Jie , Khurram Haris , Hadier Syed Ghufran 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThe physical health of adolescents is crucial for the prosperity and sustainable development of a nation. Developing specific growth standards is essential for prioritizing the wellbeing of the youth of Pakistan. This study aimed to establish normative standards for height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) among 12- to 16-year-olds in South Punjab, facilitating accurate health assessments and tailored interventions.MethodThis study utilized a cross-sectional design and stratified random sampling to select 2,970 adolescents (49.73% boys and 50.26% girls) aged 12–16 years from South Punjab, Pakistan. Anthropometric measurements, including height, weight, and BMI, were collected. The data were stratified by age and sex, and smoothed percentile curves were computed using the LMS method, which incorporates the L (γ-lambda), M (μ-mu), and S (δ-sigma) parameters. The results were compared to international references to provide a comprehensive analysis.ResultsThe results highlight sex-specific trends in anthropometric indicators among adolescents. Boys exhibited higher mean values in height (160.50 ± 11.50 cm), weight (45.02 ± 9.78 kg), and BMI (17.30 ± 2.41) than girls (158.57 ± 9.34 cm, 41.00 ± 7.89 kg, and 16.29 ± 2.82, respectively). Growth patterns indicate boys grow faster in height and weight between ages 12 and 14, whereas girls show slower annual increases. Comparative analysis with international standards reveals that boys’ height and weight were generally lower than international medians (P50th), whereas girls’ height was comparable or higher. BMI values for both sexes were lower than international norms, reflecting unique regional growth patterns.ConclusionThis research establishes updated age- and sex-specific normative reference standards for adolescents in South Punjab, Pakistan. The study revealed that Pakistani adolescent boys exhibit higher mean values in height, weight, and BMI than girls, with faster growth rates between ages 12 and 14. Compared to international standards, Pakistani adolescents show lower BMI values, highlighting unique regional growth patterns. These standards have practical applications in screening, monitoring, and health strategy planning, contributing to efforts to promote a healthier future for the population. Future studies are recommended to utilize these local growth references for health surveillance and treatment in the local population.
Decompression sickness-induced skeletal muscle injury: an animal model and pathological analysis
Authors: Chen Guanghua , Huang Yongbin , Huang Chunman , Li Liwei , Pang Jingqun , Li Hongqiang , Zhang Wenxi 
Published: September 2024

AimsThe primary objective of this investigation is to establish an animal model that accurately represents skeletal muscle injury as a consequence of decompression sickness. Additionally, this study aims to delineate the potential mechanisms underlying the development and progression of skeletal muscle damage associated with decompression sickness.Materials and methods(1) In this research, rats were utilized as experimental models and subjected to 600 kPa pressure in an air medium for a duration of 60 min, followed by decompression at a consistent rate of 1.5 min to reach atmospheric pressure in order to establish an animal model for decompression injury. Assessment of decompression injury involved the observation of general symptoms and signs, as well as histopathological examination of lung tissue to determine the extent of damage in the pulmonary system of rats. (2) Building on the rat decompression injury model, we conducted pathological and serological examinations to assess the status of rat skeletal muscle. Additionally, we investigated the signaling mechanism of the TLR9-MyD88 pathway in mediating alterations in rat skeletal muscle resulting from decompression injury, and evaluated the effects of decompression injury on apoptosis in rat skeletal muscle.ResultsRepeated decompression induces significant damage to skeletal muscle tissue, characterized by edema, fiber rupture, and atrophy. This process also leads to a transient elevation in creatine kinase (CK-MM) levels in rat serum, as well as an upregulation of proteins such as TLR9, MyD88, p38, and ERK in rat skeletal muscle tissue. Furthermore, repeated decompression results in a temporary increase in the transcription levels of Atrogen-1mRNA and MuRF-1mRNA in rat skeletal muscle tissue.DiscussionThe decompression protocol applied in this study successfully induced decompression sickness in a rat model, leading to skeletal muscle damage that was consistent with the expected pathology of decompression injury. Despite the initial injury, the rats showed evidence of adaptation following prolonged exposure to decompression conditions.
Occurrence of Uncultured Legionella spp. in Treated Wastewater Effluent and Its Impact on Human Health (SCA.Re.S Project)
Authors: De Giglio Osvalda , Diella Giusy , Bagordo Francesco , Savino Antonella Francesca , Calabrese Angelantonio , Campanale Mariavirginia , Triggiano Francesco , Apollonio Francesca , Spagnuolo Valentina , Lopuzzo Marco , Grassi Tiziana , Caputo Maria Clementina , Brigida Silvia , Valeriani Federica , Romano Spica Vincenzo , Montagna Maria Teresa 
Published: September 2024

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) provide optimal conditions for the environmental spread of Legionella. As part of the Evaluation of Sanitary Risk Related to the Discharge of Wastewater to the Ground (SCA.Re.S) project, this study was conducted to evaluate the presence of Legionella in WWTP effluent and in groundwater samples collected from two wells located downstream from the plant. The samples were analyzed to determine the concentrations of Legionella spp using the standard culture-based method and molecular techniques, followed by genomic sequencing analysis. Legionella was detected only with the molecular methods (except in one sample of effluent positive for L. pneumophila serogroup 6), which showed viable Legionella pneumophila and L. non-pneumophila through the use of free DNA removal solution in both the effluent and groundwater, with concentrations that progressively decreased downstream from the plant. Viable L. pneumophila appeared to be slightly more concentrated in warm months. However, no significant differences (p ≥ 0.05) in concentrations between cold and warm months were observed. A genotypic analysis characterized the species present in the samples and found that uncultured Legionella spp, as yet undefined, constituted the prevalent species in all the samples (range 77.15–83.17%). WWTPs play an important role in the hygienic and sanitary quality of groundwater for different uses. The application of Legionella control systems during the purification of effluents is warranted to prevent possible outbreaks of legionellosis.
ON THE ISSUE OF PRESERVATION, RESTORATION, AND UTILIZATION OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN CATTLE BREEDS WITHIN THE TERRITORY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: СУДАРЕВ Н.П. , ЧАРГЕИШВИЛИ С.В. , БУГРОВ П.С. , ЕЛАТКИН Н.П. , ЛУКЬЯНОВ А.А. 
Published: September 2024

На территорию РФ с 2006 года по настоящее время осуществляется интенсивный завоз крупного рогатого скота в основном из Австрии, Великобритании, Германии, Нидерландов, Канады, Франции и США. Для скрещивания и чистопородного разведения использовано около 100 отечественных и зарубежных пород. Отрасль унаследовала богатое разнообразие пород и породных групп. Большая часть крупного рогатого скота молочного направления в современной России является помесным (95%) поголовьем с различной долей кровности по голштинской породе. На начало 2023 года по 8 породам 16 хозяйств имеют статус генофондных. Из 25 пробонитированных пород крупного рогатого скота молочного направления 16 отечественных, допущенных к использованию, находятся в неустойчивом состоянии, а некоторые — в критическом.
From 2006 to the present time, cattle have been intensively imported into the Russian Federation, mainly from Austria, Great Britain, Germany, the Netherlands, Canada, France, and the USA. About 100 domestic and foreign breeds have been used for crossbreeding and purebred breeding. The industry has inherited a rich diversity of breeds and breed groups. Most of the dairy cattle in modern Russia are crossbred (95%) with varying proportions of Holstein blood. At the beginning of 2023, 16 farms had gene pool status for 8 breeds. Of the 25 approved breeds of dairy cattle, 16 domestic ones approved for use are in an unstable state, and some are in a critical state.
KUALITAS SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA, PROFESIONALISME KERJA, DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI SEBAGAI FAKTOR PENDUKUNG DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA KARYAWAN DI PT BERKAH BERSAMA GEMILANG MAKASSAR
Authors: Zulfahmi Zulfahmi , Said Miah , Ruslan Muhlis 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh kualitas sumber daya manusia, profesionalisme kerja dan komitmen organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan di PT Berkah Bersama Gemilang Makassar. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survey. Data diperoleh melalui dokumentasi dan kuesioner yang disebar kepada 130 karyawan PT Berkah Bersama Gemilang Makassar sebagai responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas sumber daya manusia, profesionalisme kerja, komitmen organisasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan dengan nilai determinan sebesar 43,1% terhadap kinerja karyawan di PT Berkah Bersama Gemilang Makassar.
This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of human resource quality, work professionalism and organizational commitment on employee performance at PT. Berkah Bersama Gemilang Makassar. This research is descriptive analysis using a quantitative approach. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. Data was obtained through documentation and questionnaires distributed to 130 employees of PT Berkah Bersama Gemilang Makassar as respondents. The research results show that the quality of human resources, work professionalism, organizational commitment have a positive and significant effect with a determinant value of 43.1% on employee performance at PT Berkah Bersama Gemilang Makassar.
DEFICIÊNCIA MINERAL EM LONGO PRAZO DE PÓS-OPERATÓRIO DE BYPASS GÁSTRICO EM Y DE ROUX - UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Oliveira Natália , Burgos Maria  Goretti Pessoa de Araújo 
Published: September 2024

A cirurgia bariátrica é eficaz na redução do peso corporal, bem como na melhoria das condições clínicas associadas à obesidade. Na técnica de bypass gástrico, deficiências minerais podem surgir, com carências de publicações destas deficiências em longo prazo. Objetivo: Analisar a ocorrência de deficiência mineral em longo prazo na técnica de bypass gástrico. Metodologia: revisão do tipo integrativa, realizada através das bases eletrônicas: PubMed, SciELO, BVS, com busca dos últimos 12 anos de estudos publicados em revistas indexadas. Foram utilizados os descritores individualmente ou em associação: cirurgia bariátrica, deficiência nutricional, deficiência mineral, derivação gástrica, pós-operatório e bypass gástrico, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol. Foi considerado deficiências de todos os minerais em longo prazo (após 02 anos de cirurgia), com exclusão de relatos de casos, TCC, teses, dissertações, editoriais e revisões. Resultados: do total de 37 estudos encontrados na fase inicial, apenas 19 atendiam os critérios de exclusão e inclusão da pesquisa, sendo selecionados para a revisão. Os resultados principais sinalizaram que, no pós-operatório tardio ainda ocorre carências de alguns micronutrientes, sendo os mais frequentes: ferro (5-42%), cálcio (1-20%), cobre(0-18,8%), zinco(8-23%), magnésio(14,8%), selênio(11-15%); além de presença de anemia ferropriva (3-37.5%)e redução de ferritina (11,1 – 57%). Ademais, observou-se que pacientes que faziam uso de suplementos e recebiam acompanhamento nutricional, apresentaram risco reduzido das deficiências. Conclusões: O Bypass gástrico em Y-de-Roux pode provocar deficiências de micronutrientes, mesmo em longo prazo, com destaque para ferro, cálcio, zinco, cobre, magnésio e selênio. Faz-se necessário o monitoramento nutricional, com adesão diária a 2 polivitamínicos de fórmulas completas, com boa biodisponibilidade, além da adição de suplementos específicos, quando diagnosticada às carências isoladas.
Identification of Potential Agronomic Practices for Wheat (Triticum Aestivuml.) Under Agro-Climatic Condition of District Nowshera, Pakistan
Authors: Murad Ali  , Ahmed Uzair , Kamal Abid , Wahab Abdul , Khan Yahya , Ali Hazrat , Ali Rizwan , Ali Sajid , Aman Muhammad Kashif , Zainab Aqsa 
Published: September 2024

Agronomic management is one of the prime controlling factors to improve productivity. A study was conducted at Cereal Crops Research Institute Pirsabak Nowshera during 2021-22 growing season to standardize crop orientation (North-South and East-West), Row spacing (15, 20 & 30 cm), Seed rate (100, 115 and 130 kg ha-1) and fertilizer (0:0:0, 40:30:20, 80:60:40, 120:90:60, 160:120:80 and 200:150:100 N: P2O5: K2O kg ha-1) in a split plot design replicated thrice. Row orientation did not affect yield and related parameters while row spacing positively affected 1000 seed weight and biological yield whist fertilizer dose and seed rate had improved wheat yield and its attributes. Maximum grain yield (4228 kg ha-1), seed weight (46.79 g), productive tillers m-2 (429) and plant stature (111 cm) were recorded when fertilized with 160-120-80 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1. For seed rate, maximum grain yield (3266 kg ha-1), grain weight (41.72 g), total biomass (7756 kg ha-1) and taller plants were recorded when sown at 130 kg ha-1 seed rate. Maximum productive tillers m-2 was observed with 100 kg ha-1 seed rate. All factors showed significant interaction affecting yield and yield attributes. Row orientations affected yield and its components in interaction with fertilizer application, seed rate and row spacing showing a slight edge of the East-West over the North-South row orientation. In conclusion, East-West row direction, fertilizer application at 160:120:80, 30 cm row spacing, and 130 kg ha-1 seed rate could be recommended for acquiring wheat production under the agro-climatic conditions of Nowshera District, Pakista
Tidal Disruption Events from Stripped Stars
Authors: Mockler Brenna , Gallegos-Garcia Monica , Götberg Ylva , Miller Jon M. , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Observations of tidal disruption events (TDEs) show signs of nitrogen enrichment reminiscent of other astrophysical sources such as active galactic nuclei and star-forming galaxies. Given that TDEs probe the gas from a single star, it is possible to test whether the observed enrichment is consistent with expectations from the CNO cycle by looking at the observed nitrogen/carbon (N/C) abundance ratios. Given that ≈20% of solar-mass stars (and an even larger fraction of more massive stars) live in close binaries, it is worthwhile to also consider what TDEs from stars influenced by binary evolution would look like. We show here that TDEs from stars stripped of their hydrogen-rich (and nitrogen-poor) envelopes through previous binary-induced mass loss can produce much higher observable N/C enhancements than even TDEs from massive stars. Additionally, we predict that the time dependence of the N/C abundance ratio in the mass fallback rate of stripped stars will follow the inverse behavior of main-sequence stars, enabling a more accurate characterization of the disrupted star.
Predictors of stricture after endoscopic submucosal dissection of the esophagus and steroids application
Authors: Wang Qing-Xia , Ding Yuan , Qian Qi-Liu , Zhu Yin-Nan , Shi Rui-Hua 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a reliable method to resect early esophageal cancer. Esophageal stricture is one of the major complications after ESD of the esophagus. Steroid prophylaxis for esophageal strictures, particularly local injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA), is a relatively effective method to prevent esophageal strictures. However, even with steroid prophylaxis, stenosis still occurs in up to 45% of patients. Predicting the risk of stenosis formation after local TA injection would enable additional interventions in risky patients.
AIM
To identify the predictors of esophageal strictures after steroids application.
METHODS
Patients who underwent esophageal ESD and steroid prophylaxis and who were comprehensively assessed for lesion- and ESD-related factors at Southeast University Affiliated Zhongda Hospital between February 2018 and March 2023 were included in the study. The univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to identify the predictors of stricture among patients undergoing steroid prophylaxis.
RESULTS
A total of 120 patients were included in the analysis. In the oral prednisone and oral prednisone combined with local tretinoin injection groups, the stenosis rates were 44/53 (83.0%) and 56/67 (83.6%), respectively. Among them, univariate analysis showed that the lesion circumference (P = 0.01) and submucosal injection solution (P = 0.04) showed significant correlation with the risk of stenosis formation. Logistic regression analyses were then performed using predictors that were significant in the univariate analyses and combined with known predictors from previous reports, such as additional chemoradiotherapy and tumor location. We identified a lesion circumference < 5/6 (OR = 0.19; P = 0.02) and submucosal injection of sodium hyaluronate (OR = 0.15; P = 0.03) as independent predictors of on esophageal stricture formation.
CONCLUSION
Steroid prophylaxis effectively prevents stenosis. Moreover, the lesion circumference and submucosal injection of sodium hyaluronate were independent predictors of esophageal strictures. Additional interventions should be considered in high-risk patients.
Can early precut reduce post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis in patients with difficult bile duct cannulation?
Authors: Tanikawa Tomohiro , Miyakae Keisuke , Kawada Mayuko , Ishii Katunori , Fushimi Takasi , Urata Noriyo , Wada Nozomu , Nishino Ken , Suehiro Mitshiko , Kawanaka Miwa , Shiraha Hidenori , Haruma Ken , Kawamoto Hirofumi 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is associated with a variety of adverse events (AEs). One of the most important AEs is post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP), which is most common in cases of difficult biliary cannulation. Although the precut technique has been reported as a PEP risk factor, recent studies indicate that early precut could reduce PEP, and that precut itself is not a risk factor.
AIM
To evaluate the safety of the precut technique, especially in terms of PEP.
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective study, spanning the period from November 2011 through December 2021. It included 1556 patients, aged ≥ 20 years, who underwent their initial ERCP attempt for biliary disease with a naïve papilla at the Kawasaki University General Medical Center. We compared the PEP risk between the early precut and the delayed precut group.
RESULTS
The PEP incidence rate did not significantly differ between the precut and non-precut groups. However, the PEP incidence was significantly lower in the early precut group than the delayed precut group (3.5% vs 10.5%; P = 0.02). The PEP incidence in the delayed precut group without pancreatic stent insertion (17.3%) was significantly higher compared to other cases (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
Our findings indicate that early precut may reduce PEP incidence. If the precut decision is delayed, a pancreatic stent should be inserted to prevent PEP.