bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes in clinical subgroups of patients with alcohol-related hospitalizations: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Friesen Erik , Mataruga Andrea , Nickel Nathan , Kurdyak Paul , Bolton James 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveIndividuals who experience alcohol-related hospitalizations are at a high risk of recurrent harm and premature mortality. This project characterized the clinical subgroups of individuals who experience alcohol-related hospitalizations to understand who is at the highest risk of recurrent harm following discharge.
ApproachPopulation-based retrospective cohort study of individuals with an alcohol-related hospitalization between 2017-2018 in two Canadian provinces (Ontario and Manitoba) using linked provincial health administrative databases. Clinical subgroups were identified with latent class analysis based on the type and frequency of alcohol-related health service use in the two-years preceding the index hospitalization. Associations between subgroup membership, readmission, and mortality in the year following discharge were evaluated using multivariable time-to-event regression.
ResultsIn cohorts of 4,753 (Manitoba) and 29,290 (Ontario) individuals, seven subgroups were identified. These followed a severity gradient from low-frequency service use for acute intoxication to high-frequency service use for alcoholic liver disease. Individuals in the ‘liver disease’ subgroup had the highest risk of 1-year mortality relative to the rest of the cohort (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 3.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.80-5.24). A small subgroup of individuals with a history of high-frequency alcohol-related health service had the highest hazard of readmission (aHR: 5.09, 95% CI: 4.11-6.31).
Conclusions and ImplicationsThere are distinct clinical subgroups of individuals who experience alcohol related hospitalizations and individuals with high-frequency health service use and alcohol-related liver disease are at the highest risk of readmission and mortality. These subgroups merit consideration in strategies aimed at reducing the risk of post-discharge harm.
Data linkage in public health research: a scoping review of ethical, legal and societal aspects surrounding administrative data
Authors: Jesus Neves Félix , Lima Barreto Mauricio , Wells Valerie , Silveira Martha , Araújo Almeida Bethânia 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThe application of data linkage for scientific research purposes in the public health sphere requires using personal and sensitive data on an individual level while results are analyzed from a population perspective. Considering this, ethical, legal and social issues (ELSI) must be considered. In this sense, our study aims to better understand how ELSI surrounding administrative data linkage use in public health has been addressed in the scientific literature.
ApproachOur scoping review is based on the Joann Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis and will be reported according to the Preferred Report Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses – Scoping Review Guideline. Two independent authors searched for articles published between January 2013 and December 2023 in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE and LILACS databases, as well as in Scielo and Google Scholar platforms. Keywords used were related to ‘data linkage’, ‘administrative data’, ‘ELSI’, “public policies’ and ‘public health’ terms. Articles were screened initially by title and abstract, then by full-text read.
ResultsAfter duplicate removal and articles screening, two independent authors are performing data extraction considering ethical, legal and regulatory basis as well as procedures for data access; data management process including record linkage; type of administrative data linked; data protection strategies; and data subjects rights.
ConsiderationsThis scoping is underway, we intend to have our final results by April to present at the conference, in September.
Implementation of the Frictionless data standard for linked data
Authors: Jarrett Mike 
Published: September 2024

Objective and ApproachData linkage centres receive, hold and provision data in a wide variety of formats. Using a consistent, flexible and open metadata standard for data holdings can enable a center to clearly and unambiguously describe their data holdings and facilitate processing pipelines. One such framework is the Frictionless data standard. We present our experience at our data centre implementing this standard for both internal data management and for communication with external data providers and third parties.
ResultsOur team has replaced tool-specific metadata files with standard-compliant files to make our pipelines more modular and less fragile. Since the standard is based on JSON, most programming languages will support reading and writing metadata files and we are not restricted to any software. This work has also made our internal tooling interoperable with that of external partners. We find that the standard is well equipped to handle CSV and other delimited files. Our center uses a mix of file types including fixed-width text files which do not have an explicit specification within the standard, but its extensibility has allowed us to define our own file type while staying within the ecosystem. We have also developed tools to convert JSON metadata files to excel workbooks for a more human-friendly format.
ConclusionsThe Frictionless data standard can be a powerful tool for data centers in organizing data and building processing pipelines.
ImplicationsAdopting the Frictionless data standard for metadata files has streamlined our internal processes and improved internal and external communication.
Involving the public in transforming the data landscape in Scotland
Authors: Oldfield Katie , Baird Harriet 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveIn 2023 a public panel around public sector data use in Scotland was refreshed. The aim was to have a panel not only feedback on individual research projects but also the broader systems and processes of the data landscape in Scotland – from data sourcing and data storage, to data sharing and communicating research findings.
Approach The public panel is a group of c. twenty members of the public and has, to date, focused on:

Recruiting a representative sample of people
Developing training materials to cover all aspects of the data system
Building mechanisms to incorporate feedback into system change
Increasing transparency of the panel discussions to support wider sector (including enhancing our website content and working to develop an annual report)
Embedding findings from discussions with the public panel across the system in Scotland

ResultsFeedback from panel members on recruitment and our approach has been positive. Panel discussions have already influenced ongoing work including synthetic data, website content and research projects. The panel have also begun advising on a system wide change from ‘just in time’ to ‘research ready’ data sets. This work followed a review of current data approvals processes across Scottish Safe Havens and the UK after COVID-19.
Conclusions and ImplicationsThe current panel membership will run for two years after which a review of approach and impact will be carried out. Increasing transparency of the findings from the panels will enable organisations across the sector to benefit from this work.
Risk of death after type of intimate partner violence (IPV) involvement
Authors: Urquia Marcelo , Trask Brandon , Scatliff Noah , Au Wendy , Hnatiuk Jill 
Published: September 2024

Objective and ApproachMost studies have focused on women’s IPV victimization but perpetration and bi-directional violence remain understudied. Using linked criminal justice and population registers in Manitoba, Canada, we assessed the risk of death according to the role in IPV incidents (accused-only, victim-only, bidirectional, none). In this retrospective matched cohort study, we assembled a cohort of 212,068 adults who were followed from April 2004 to March 2023 to assess IPV incidents and subsequent death. Those involved in an IPV incident were 1:3 matched to persons with no history of IPV based on birth year, sex and marital status at the time of the incident.
ResultsMen comprised 85% of accused-only, 21% of victim-only, and 50-51% in the other two groups. Overall, compared to those without IPV involvement, the adjusted Hazard Ratios for all-cause mortality were 1.38 [95% Confidence Intervals (CI): 1.28, 1.49] for accused-only, 1.39 (1.29, 1.50) for victim-only and 1.45 (1.19, 1.77) for bidirectional IPV. The associations were stronger among women, particularly that of bidirectional violence [1.24 (0.97, 1.60) among men and 1.92 (1.39, 2.66) among women]. Similar patterns were found for intentional mortality [0.96 (0.56, 1.64) among men and 2.43 (1.27, 4.65) among women].
ConclusionsThere are clear sex inequities in IPV involvement. Any type IPV involvement is associated with higher risk of death, particularly among women, who comprise most of the victims.
ImplicationsUse of linked criminal justice data allows studying the consequences of IPV victimization, perpetration and bidirectional violence and monitor gender inequities over time.
Inequalities in Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions: An International Comparison of High-Income Countries
Authors: Spiro Grace , Bai Yu Qing , ICCONIC Research Collaborative  , Wodchis Walter 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveTo examine the differences in inequalities in Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions (ACSC) hospitalizations relative to socioeconomic status across nine countries, namely Australia, Canada, England, Finland, France, New Zealand, Spain, Switzerland, and the United States (US).
ApproachThe International Collaborative on Costs, Outcomes, and Needs in Care (ICCONIC) research collaborative developed national data sets with hospitalization and sociodemographic data aggregated to small-area levels and pooled across countries using a common data model. Inequalities were assessed using both the slope index of inequality and the relative index of inequality.
ResultsThis study developed a common definition and set of codes for ACSC hospitalizations that proved to be comparable across countries and regions. Consistent socioeconomic gradients were observed in all countries with higher ACSC hospitalization rates for individuals in most disadvantaged areas. The greatest difference in hospitalizations between the highest and lowest income quintiles were observed in New Zealand (1603 per 100,000), Finland (1802 per 100,000) and England (1955 per 100,000).
ConclusionsThe high-income countries included in this study displayed many commonalities in inequalities in ACSC hospitalizations. As a proxy measure of primary care access and quality, the observed inequalities may implicate disparities in health care quality and access for the lowest socioeconomic status groups.
ImplicationsBarriers to health care access in low socioeconomic groups remain a complex and multifaceted issue. Future research should investigate the underlying contributing factors to the observed ACSC hospitalization equity gradients, including primary care delivery model, remuneration approach, and population structure.
Cycling and Pedestrian Injuries in the Region of Peel, Ontario; An application of linked administrative health data to enhance local road safety and health service delivery, through an Applied Health Research Question (AHRQ)
Authors: Troke Natalie , Plumptre Lesley , Saskin Refik , An Diana , Fortin Natasha 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesAn Applied Health Research Question request from Peel Public Health was investigated, to provide a comprehensive overview of injury patterns and healthcare utilization, among cyclists and pedestrians in the Peel Region of Ontario.
ApproachEmergency department visits and hospitalizations across the Peel region were analyzed from 2018 to 2022, and categorized by collision type (pedestrian, cyclist motor vehicle collision (MVC), and cyclist non-MVC). Data was segmented quarterly and annually, and further stratified by residence status, sex, and age, by linking individuals to other administrative health databases. Additionally, 30-day mortality outcomes were evaluated. To contextualize incidence rates with population demographics, Public Health Data Zone and Census Subdivision data were also utilized.
ResultsFor ambulatory visits, a substantial majority of Peel residents received treatment within the region, evidenced by 4,483 cyclist visits (55%) and 1,338 pedestrian visits (50%). However, a noteworthy portion of Peel residents — 188 cyclists (45%) and 182 pedestrians (46%) — received treatment outside the region. Hospitalization patterns echoed these visits. Overall, non-MVCs accounted for a large proportion of cycling incidents, particularly among females, stressing the need for targeted safety measures. Still, survival rates post-incident were notable, with a 100% survival rate for cyclists after ambulatory visits. Pedestrian survival rates were similarly high.
ConclusionThis study provided valuable insights into patterns of pedestrian and cyclist injuries among Peel residents, revealing considerable cross-regional healthcare utilization.
ImplicationsFindings will be utilized by the Region of Peel and partner organizations, to enhance local road safety initiatives and service delivery for vulnerable road users.
IDI Search: a metadata search app for exploring New Zealand’s administrative linked data
Authors: Elliott Tom , Milne Barry , Li Eileen , Sporle Andrew , Simpson Colin 
Published: September 2024

How can we lower barriers to reuse of linked administrative data and improve quality at the same time? Linked data resources are expensive and complex, but accompanying readily-accessible metadata supports data reuse and quality control. However, metadata systems that are unsystematic or non-automated can lead to inconsistencies, making metadata use difficult even for experienced analysts.
Our national statistics office (NSO) maintains a research database (RD) of administrative datasets linkable at the individual level. With the NSO’s agreement, we extracted schema information (e.g. tables and variables) from the RD and obtained data dictionaries. R was used to extract information (e.g., descriptions, human-friendly names, codings) from the data dictionaries, which identified errors and inconsistencies that the NSO then fixed. A metadata database was collated using schema and data dictionary information about variables and datasets in the RD. Finally, a public web app was developed to enable exploration of the meta database by searching specific terms or navigating the hierarchical relationships.
We now work with the NSO data team to re-extract variables and add or update dictionaries ahead of the regular data updates. Metadata coverage is displayed on the app and used by our NSO to improve metadata quality and coverage. Our scripting workflow demonstrates the utility of automation in picking up errors and inconsistencies quickly, and before they can propagate by copy and paste. The web app, available to existing and new users, is now listed by the NSO as a “go-to” resource for using the linked administrative data resources.
Implementation of a common data model in Health Data Research Network Canada: Lessons learned
Authors: Lix Lisa , Archbold Georgina , HDRN Canada CDM Working Group  , Azimzee Mahmoud 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThe Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM) is a standardized structure for observational data that enables collaborative health research. Health Data Research Network (HDRN Canada) is conducting a pilot study to implement this standard at partner data linkage centers.
ObjectiveOur objective is to describe the process used to implement the OMOP CDM, methodological and technical challenges, and the approach to evaluate CDM implementation at multiple sites.
ApproachCDM working group members include technical staff from data linkage centers in four provinces and a national data coordinating center, HDRN Canada operational and executive leads, and OMOP CDM consultants. The evaluation aims to collect quantitative and qualitative information on Extract, Transform, and Load (ETL) processes, performance of the CDM in a multi-site observational case study, and data quality.
ResultsInitial steps have included collaborative learning about the CDM structure, importing open-source tools and licensed coding standards (i.e., Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Terms [SNOMED-CT], RxNorm) at data linkage centres, and exploring the technical requirements for developing ETL processes and hosting OMOP data. Creation of select OMOP tables has been accompanied by discussions about models for mapping clinical and prescription drug coding standards. A scoping review of evaluation strategies is underway.
Conclusions and ImplicationsThe benefits of standardizing health data for multi-site research and supporting the production of findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR) national data underscores the importance of HDRN Canada embarking on this OMOP CDM implementation project. The lessons learned will benefit other multi-site data standardization initiatives.
The Networked Data Lab: using linked data to understand intermediate care services in the United Kingdom
Authors: Fraser Caroline , Prendergast Tom , Kifetew Chamut , Ruziczka Zoe , Knight Hannah 
Published: September 2024

Intermediate care (IC) is short-term care aimed at maximising patients’ independence. Across the UK, scaling up IC is included in post-pandemic recovery plans. This could reduce pressures on acute services through timely discharge or preventing admissions. The issues IC seeks to address are common across high-income countries.
The Networked Data Lab is a network of analytical teams embedded in the UK health and care system. Each year, we support five local partners with acquisition, linkage and analysis of health and social care datasets. Our 2023-24 project is focused on IC.
Patients and the public (PP) played an integral role in throughout our project. We established a panel of individuals with lived experience of IC to assist with the research questions, interpretation, and communication of results. Our partners all consult PP in their areas to inform their analyses.
Our partners’ analyses of linked patient-level data on IC will provide information about who is receiving IC, changes over time and outcomes for patients. We are also analysing national linked data for England on intermediate care following hospital discharge.
Preliminary results include:

The age and health needs of people receiving bed-based intermediate care has increased over time (Grampian, Scotland)
Intermediate care following a hospital admission is more common for emergency admissions than elective admissions (Leeds, England)
Large variation in intermediate care delivery between neighbouring boroughs (North West London, England)

Full results are expected in April 2024.
Our work highlights the importance of linking data to answer important health and care questions.
Urban Trail Exposure in Winnipeg, Canada: Longitudinal Cohort Development for a 20-Year Difference-in-Differences Analysis of a Natural Experiment with Varied Duration of Exposure Times
Authors: Prior Heather , Burchill Charles , McGavock Jonathan 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveDevelop a cohort to evaluate a real-world experiment of the built environment on the incidence of disease, accounting for movement of people, postal codes, incidence of disease and changing demographics.
ApproachThe City of Winnipeg, Canada built multi-use trails in 2010-2012. We used the administrative data housed at the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy to evaluate the effect of this change in the built environment on the incidence of cardiovascular disease events (CVDE) and risk factors (CVDRF) before (2000-2009) and after (2012-2019) the trails were built. The Manitoba Health Insurance Registry contains postal code and demographic information on nearly all city residents and was utilized for cohort creation and person-time exposure. Individuals’ residential postal codes were linked to geo-spatial data to determine proximity to built trails at 400m, 800m and 1200m. Semi-annual postal code changes accounted for movement within/outside city limits or exclusion from the cohort. Diagnoses from hospital abstract and physician visit data and outpatient prescription dispensations were used to access prevalence and incidence of a CVDE composite measure of congestive heart failure, ischemic heart disease and stroke and a CVDRF composite measure of diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension.
Conclusions and ImplicationsLeveraging a diverse set of administrative databases, we built a cohort evaluate the effect of building multi-use trails in Winnipeg on the reduction on CVDE and CVDRF. This demonstrates how administrative data can be used to evaluate natural, real-world experiments with minimal direct data measurement or public intrusion, resulting in actionable results to inform public policy.
A Stochastic Model to Predict Road Accidents in Albania
Authors: Kacorri (Salillari) Denisa , Caushi Anita , Basholli Albina , Prifti Luela 
Published: September 2024

The importance of predicting accident rates lies in the improvement of road infrastructure and the effective implementation of laws and traffic regulations. The statistical change of many phenomena over time is described by time series. This paper aims to forecast the number of individuals involved in road accidents in Albania by applying SARIMA model approach. This study used monthly number of individuals involved in road traffic accidents in Albania from 2016 to 2023. Using forecasting techniques for the number of traffic accidents can serve as a valuable strategy for achieving various objectives including the implementation of traffic safety campaigns, strategies, and action plans outlined in traffic safety initiatives. The model was found to be effective in capturing the underlying patterns and trends in the data, providing valuable insights for understanding and forecasting traffic accident occurrences in Albania.
Systematic Investigation of the Influence of Religion on Business Management: A Bibliometric Approach
Authors: Aivaz Kamer-Ainur , Petre Iustin Cornel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the dynamic context of modern business, the role of religion in business management is increasingly attracting the attention of researchers and practitioners. Religion, seen as a set of spiritual beliefs and practices, deeply shapes people’s values, behaviors, and decisions, thus impacting the way organizations are managed. Using bibliometric analysis allowed us to identify research trends, the links between the keywords underlying the selected studies, and the impact of the publications on the business environment. The study revealed that religious values can shape ethical behavior, leadership styles, and corporate social responsibility in business. Most studies focus on the influences of Islamic, Catholic, and Protestant religions, leaving a significant gap in understanding how orthodox values and practices influence organizational behavior and business ethics, even though this is the dominant religion in many Eastern and South-Eastern European countries. For a more comprehensive perspective, future research should include case studies and surveys in these geographical and cultural regions, combining qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis. This study provides a robust basis for future research, stimulating reflection on how religious values can shape the business landscape in the 21st century.