bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TAB3 defect induces augmented cardioprotection loss from ischemic injury
Authors: Sheng Yang , Xu Changfu , Zeng Wenping 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe transforming growth factor β‐activated kinase‐binding protein 3 (TAB3) plays a crucial role in modulating cell apoptosis and proliferation in many diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer, and intracerebral hemorrhage. However, the functional role of TAB3 in the heart is not well reported. In our study, we first investigated the role of TAB3 in ischemia heart diseases. For in vitro studies, cardiomyocytes (CMs) were isolated from both TAB3 knockout (KO) and wild‐type (WT) mice, and the apoptosis ratios were tested after a 48‐h ischemic stimulation. A proliferation test and tubeformation assay were underwent at normoxia condition. For in vivo studies, the MI model was completed for both TAB3 KO and WT mice. Echocardiography was evaluated at 3 days and 28 days post‐MI, whereas the hemodynamics test was performed 28 days post‐MI. The histology results of the apoptosis, proliferation of myocardium, neovasculation of microvessels, and infarct zone assessments were determined using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining, Ki67 immunostaining, α‐SMA/CD31 immunostaining, and the Masson–Trichrome method, respectively. Expression changes of the related proteins caused by TAB3 deficiency were confirmed using both quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. Our results indicate that the absence of TAB3 induced more CMs apoptosis, decrease cardiomyocyte proliferation, and weaker angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Worse cardiac function and enlarged scar formation were detected in TAB3 KO mice, and increased expression of active‐caspase‐3 and decreased expression of NF‐κB/p65, Akt, Bcl‐2/Bax, and VEGF occurred. In summary, our findings indicate that the absence of TAB3 plays a harmful role in ischemic heart disease.
Contrast induced‐acute kidney injury following peripheral angiography with carbon dioxide versus iodinated contrast media: A meta‐analysis and systematic review of current literature
Authors: Ghumman Saad S. , Weinerman Jonathan , Khan Aazib , Cheema Mubeen S. , Garcia Marlene , Levin Daniel , Suri Rajeev , Prasad Anand 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveWe conducted a meta‐analysis to compare the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) with carbon dioxide (CO2) versus iodinated contrast media (ICM).BackgroundContrast induced‐acute kidney injury (CI‐AKI) is a known complication following endovascular procedures with ICM. CO2 has been employed as an alternative imaging medium as it is nontoxic to the kidneys.MethodsSearch of indexed databases was performed and 1,732 references were retrieved. Eight studies (7 observational, 1 Randomized Controlled Trial) formed the meta‐analysis. Primary outcome was AKI. Fixed effect model was used when possible in addition to analysis of publication bias.ResultsIn this meta‐analysis, 677 patients underwent 754 peripheral angiographic procedures. Compared with ICM, CO2 was associated with a decreased incidence of AKI (4.3% vs. 11.1%; OR 0.465, 95% CI: 0.218‐0.992; P = 0.048). Subgroup analysis of four studies that included granular data for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) did not demonstrate a decreased incidence of AKI with CO2 (4.1% vs. 10.0%; OR 0.449, 95% CI: 0.165–1.221, P = 0.117). Patients undergoing CO2 angiography experienced a higher number of nonrenal events including limb/abdominal pain (11 vs. 0; P = 0.001) and nausea/vomiting (9 vs. 1; P = 0.006).ConclusionsIn comparison to ICM, CO2 use is associated with a modestly reduced rate of AKI with more frequent adverse nonrenal events. In studies that use CO2 as the primary imaging agent, the average incidence of AKI remained high at 6.2%—supporting the concept that factors other than renal toxicity from ICM may contribute to renal impairment following peripheral angiography. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bilateral hydronephrosis due to obstructive ureteral stone associated with norovirus gastroenteritis
Authors: Ochi Fumihiro , Furuno Kenji , Chong Pin Fee , Tezuka Junichiro , Mizuno Yumi , Aoki Tomonobu , Ishii Eiichi 
Published: May 2017

Key Clinical MessageRecently, cases of urinary tract calculi causing hydronephrosis and postrenal renal failure associated with viral gastroenteritis were documented, yet few were related to norovirus. During norovirus gastroenteritis, observation of oliguria, aciduria, low FENa value, and elevation of blood or urinary uric acid level may necessitate clinical workout for nephrolithiasis.
Isolation, Biosynthesis and Chemical Modifications of Rubterolones A–F: Rare Tropolone Alkaloids from Actinomadura sp. 5‐2
Authors: Guo Huijuan , Benndorf René , Leichnitz Daniel , Klassen Jonathan L. , Vollmers John , Görls Helmar , Steinacker Matthias , Weigel Christiane , Dahse Hans‐Martin , Kaster Anne‐Kristin , de Beer Z. Wilhelm , Poulsen Michael , Beemelmanns Christine 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe discovery of six new, highly substituted tropolone alkaloids, rubterolones A–F, from Actinomadura sp. 5‐2, isolated from the gut of the fungus‐growing termite Macrotermes natalensis is reported. Rubterolones were identified by using fungus‐bacteria challenge assays and a HRMS‐based dereplication strategy, and characterised by NMR and HRMS analyses and by X‐ray crystallography. Feeding experiments and subsequent chemical derivatisation led to a first library of rubterolone derivatives (A–L). Genome sequencing and comparative analyses revealed their putative biosynthetic pathway, which was supported by feeding experiments. This study highlights how gut microbes can present a prolific source of secondary metabolites.
Phosphine‐Mediated Sequential Annulation Reaction: Access to Functionalized Benzofurans and 4,5‐Dihydrobenzofurans
Authors: Liang Ling , Dong Xuelin , Huang You 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA new strategy for the facile access to multi‐functionalized benzofurans and 4,5‐dihydrobenzofurans has been explored. The advantages of the present protocol include readily obtainable starting materials, mild and metal‐free conditions, expedient and practical processes, excellent yields, and easy scale‐up. The reaction demonstrated high efficiency to construct two rings in a single step. The zwitterionic intermediate generated from the conjugated attack of PPh3 to the ene‐yne‐ketone was proposed to be the key intermediate toward these valuable scaffolds.
Bis(6‐methylene‐2,2′‐bipyridine)phenylphosphine—A Flexible Ligand for the Construction of Trinuclear Coinage‐Metal Complexes
Authors: Schäfer Sebastian , Gamer Michael T. , Lebedkin Sergei , Weigend Florian , Kappes Manfred M. , Roesky Peter W. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBis‐(6‐methylene‐2,2′‐bipyridine)phenylphosphine (PN4) was designed as a tailor‐made ligand with different metal binding sites (N and P) to support metallophilic interactions between the different coinage metals, as these are far less common than homometallic interactions, typically between gold(I) ions. Furthermore, the phosphorus(V)sulfide derivative of PN4 was synthesized to get additional structural information in the solid state. Two mononuclear gold complexes [(PN4)AuCl] and [(PN4)2Au]ClO4 were synthesized first. Then, the two hetero trimetallic gold complexes [(PN4)2AuAg2](OTf)3 (Tf=triflate) and [(PN4)2AuCu2](OTf)3 were synthesized by selectively filling the bipyridine coordination compartments with the lighter coinage metals. For comparison two trinuclear silver complexes, that is, [(PN4)2Ag3]OTf and [(PN4)(py)2Ag3(μ‐Cl)(μ3‐Cl)]ClO4 (py=pyridine) were prepared. All compounds were fully characterized including single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, 15N,19F and 109Ag NMR spectroscopy. The photophysical properties of the new compounds were determined in the solid state. These revealed a different behavior between the Au–Cu and Au–Ag/Ag–Ag compounds. [(PN4)2AuAg2](OTf)3 was found to be the brightest emitter. Time‐dependent density functional calculations were performed to illuminate the differences in the photophysical properties.
Enzymatic Halogenation: A Timely Strategy for Regioselective C−H Activation
Authors: Schnepel Christian , Sewald Norbert 
Published: May 2017

AbstractHalogenating enzymes are increasingly attracting attention for biocatalytic C−H functionalization. Despite its importance for synthetic chemistry, selective introduction of halogens using conventional approaches often remains challenging, whereas biocatalysis offers excellent catalyst‐controlled selectivity without requiring protecting groups or hazardous reagents. Owing to the high prevalence of halogenated secondary metabolites, a still growing repertoire of halogenases has been identified. Recently, flavin‐dependent tryptophan halogenases came into focus for synthetic use. Nevertheless, these enzymes still suffer from severe deficiencies. Herein, current attempts in optimizing tryptophan halogenases have been compiled. Enzyme discovery, structure elucidation and mechanisms are reviewed with focus on biosynthesis of halogenated arenes. Emphasis is also given to random and rational engineering, high‐throughput screening and implementation of halogenases into one‐pot processes.
Mechanistic Investigations of the Synthesis of Size‐Tunable Ni Nanoparticles by Reduction of Simple NiII Diamide Precursors
Authors: Bhattacharyya Koyel X. , Pradel Christian , Lecante Pierre , Mézailles Nicolas 
Published: May 2017

AbstractHerein, we present a detailed study of the conversion of a nickel(II) diamide precursor to size‐tunable, monodisperse nickel nanoparticles (NPs). The thermal decomposition of nickel(II) dioleylamide, synthesized either independently or in situ, resulted in the formation of Ni NPs without the coproduction of water. Mechanistic studies were conducted on the stability and reduction pathway of the NiII precursor, and on the consequent particle formation. Variations in the ratio of trioctylphosine (TOP) to nickel allowed size tunability, which resulted in nanoparticles that ranged in size from 4 to 11 nm in diameter. The DFT calculations support a mechanistic pathway that involves nickel reduction by imine formation. This water‐free method was extended to the synthesis of water‐sensitive M0 NPs (M=Fe, Co).
Solid‐Liquid Separation of Finely Dispersed Suspensions by Press Filtration under Pulsating Overpressure
Authors: Shevchenko Oleksandr , Tynyna Sergej 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDie Produktivität von Filtrationsanlagen zur Entwässerung von feindispersen Suspensionen lässt sich durch pulsierenden Überdruck erhöhen. Für Suspensionen von marinen organisch‐mineralischen Sedimenten wurden Pressfiltrationsprozesse bei statischem und pulsierendem Überdruck untersucht. Der Einfluss des statischen Druckanteils, der Druckamplitudencharakteristik, der Druckschwingungsfrequenz und der Filtrationszeit auf das sich bildende Filtratvolumen wurden bestimmt. Basierend auf dem Darcy‐Gesetz wurde ein Modell des Filtrationsprozesses bei statischem Überdruck entwickelt. Bei pulsierendem Überdruck wurden die Experimentplanung und die statistische Datenanalysemethode eingesetzt.
Study of fluid dynamic conditions in the selected static mixers part II‐determination of the residence time distribution
Authors: Stec Magdalena , Synowiec Piotr Maria 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe presented paper is part of the complete description of fluid‐dynamic conditions in the selected static mixers: Koflo and Kenics. The research was also performed for an empty pipe used as a reference state. The scope of work included the analysis of the residence time distribution in the mentioned devices for different Reynolds numbers for both laminar and turbulent flow regimes. The report contains a discussion about residence time distribution functionE(t), cumulative distribution functionF(t), as well as the parameters like the mean residence timetmand the varianceσ2. The main aim of the presented work was to show the applicability of static mixers as chemical reactors and to present their operation characteristics to evaluate the derogations distinguishing them from well known ideal states (i.e. plug flow or ideal mixing). As a result of the accomplished study it was proved that Reynolds number increase results in narrower RTD in all of the tested devices, however the fluid motion is far from plug flow due to axial and radial mixing and the considered equipment should be treated as non‐ideal reactors requiring some additional models for the right description. What is more, in the case of laminar flow, the Kenics static mixer showed the narrowest spread and was considered as the best solution among the studied devices. In the turbulent flow, the difference betweenE(t)functions for all of the mentioned equipment was so small that the suggestion of small impact of insert type on the RTD was made.
Preparation and morphology study of carbon molecular sieve membrane derived from polyimide
Authors: Mondal Subrata , Elkamel Ali , Reinalda Donald , Wang Kean 
Published: May 2017

AbstractCarbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes were prepared by pyrolysis of polyimide films at three different temperatures (600, 900, and 1100 °C). The physico‐chemical structure and morphology of the derived samples were characterized by a number of techniques. FTIR spectra and SEM/EDX revealed changes in surface chemistry and overall compositions. Raman spectroscopy indicated the co‐existence of ordered graphite and amorphous domains. TEM and XRD suggested that the samples possess a ‘turbostratic’ structure. With the increase of the pyrolytic temperature, the evolution of the microstructure was clearly evidenced. It was observed qualitatively in TEM images and reflected by the d‐spacing. The surface area, pore volume, and size distribution of micropores/small micropores were derived from the standard N2 and CO2 isotherms, respectively, and compared for their roles in determining mesopore, micropore, and small micropores. These surface characteristics were analyzed and compared with the gas adsorption/permeation properties.
Sustained apnea induces endothelial activation
Authors: Eichhorn Lars , Dolscheid‐Pommerich Ramona , Erdfelder Felix , Ayub Muhammad Ajmal , Schmitz Theresa , Werner Nikos , Jansen Felix 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundApnea diving has gained worldwide popularity, even though the pathophysiological consequences of this challenging sport on the human body are poorly investigated and understood. This study aims to assess the influence of sustained apnea in healthy volunteers on circulating microparticles (MPs) and microRNAs (miRs), which are established biomarkers reflecting vascular function.HypothesisShort intermittent hypoxia due to voluntary breath‐holding affects circulating levels of endothelial cell‐derived MPs (EMPs) and endothelial cell‐derived miRs.MethodsUnder dry laboratory conditions, 10 trained apneic divers performed maximal breath‐hold. Venous blood samples were taken, once before and at 4 defined points in time after apnea. Samples were analyzed for circulating EMPs and endothelial miRs.ResultsAverage apnea time was 329 seconds (±103), and SpO2
at the end of apnea was 79% (±12). Apnea was associated with a time‐dependent increase of circulating endothelial cell‐derived EMPs and endothelial miRs. Levels of circulating EMPs in the bloodstream reached a peak 4 hours after the apnea period and returned to baseline levels after 24 hours. Circulating miR‐126 levels were elevated at all time points after a single voluntary maximal apnea, whereas miR‐26 levels were elevated significantly only after 30 minutes and 4 hours. Also miR‐21 and miR‐92 levels increased, but did not reach the level of significance.ConclusionsEven a single maximal breath‐hold induces acute endothelial activation and should be performed with great caution by subjects with preexisting vascular diseases. Voluntary apnea might be used as a model to simulate changes in endothelial function caused by hypoxia in humans.
The Drug Discovery and Development Industry in India—Two Decades of Proprietary Small‐Molecule R&D
Authors: Differding Edmond 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis review provides a comprehensive survey of proprietary drug discovery and development efforts performed by Indian companies between 1994 and mid‐2016. It is based on the identification and detailed analysis of pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and contract research companies active in proprietary new chemical entity (NCE) research and development (R&D) in India. Information on preclinical and clinical development compounds was collected by company, therapeutic indication, mode of action, target class, and development status. The analysis focuses on the overall pipeline and its evolution over two decades, contributions by type of company, therapeutic focus, attrition rates, and contribution to Western pharmaceutical pipelines through licensing agreements. This comprehensive analysis is the first of its kind, and, in our view, represents a significant contribution to the understanding of the current state of the drug discovery and development industry in India.
Determinants of patient satisfaction with cancer care delivered by the Danish healthcare system
Authors: Heerdegen Anne Christine Stender , Petersen Gitte Stentebjerg , Jervelund Signe Smith 
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUNDPatient‐reported quality of care, which is often measured by patients' overall rating of care, is gaining more attention within the field of oncology. The aim of this study was to examine factors that determine adult cancer patients' overall rating of prediagnosis care (PDC) and care provided during treatment (CDT).METHODSData were collected from 2 recurrent nationwide surveys among adult cancer patients in Denmark in 2010 and 2012. Analyses regarding PDC were based on the 2010 study population (n = 3681), and CDT analyses were based on the 2012 follow‐up population (n = 2315). Multivariable logistic regression models were applied.RESULTSOverall, 55.1% of patients reported excellent PDC and 61.9% reported excellent CDT. The odds of rating PDC and CDT as excellent differed significantly according to sex, age, and cancer diagnosis. Furthermore, the extent of supportive relatives, comorbidity, self‐reported health, and region of treatment significantly determined ratings of CDT. Patients who reported negative experiences related to waiting time, information, coordination, and continuity of care during PDC and CDT, respectively, were significantly less likely overall to rate their care as excellent. The final regression models for PDC and CDT explained 38.2% and 30.6%, respectively, of the variance in the overall rating.CONCLUSIONLearning how patient characteristics influence the overall rating of care can enable health care providers to accommodate vulnerable patient groups. Identification of health care aspects that are independently associated with the overall rating of care may enable targeted efforts when planning and prioritizing initiatives aimed at improving the patient‐experienced quality of care.Cancer2017;123:2918–26.©2017 American Cancer Society.
Population‐based geographic access to parent and satellite National Cancer Institute Cancer Center Facilities
Authors: Onega Tracy , Alford‐Teaster Jennifer , Wang Fahui 
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUNDSatellite facilities of National Cancer Institute (NCI) cancer centers have expanded their regional footprints. This study characterized geographic access to parent and satellite NCI cancer center facilities nationally overall and by sociodemographics.METHODSParent and satellite NCI cancer center facilities, which were geocoded in ArcGIS, were ascertained. Travel times from every census tract in the continental United States and Hawaii to the nearest parent and satellite facilities were calculated. Census‐based population attributes were used to characterize measures of geographic access for sociodemographic groups.RESULTSFrom the 62 NCI cancer centers providing clinical care in 2014, 76 unique parent locations and 211 satellite locations were mapped. The overall proportion of the population within 60 minutes of a facility was 22% for parent facilities and 32.7% for satellite facilities. When satellites were included for potential access, the proportion of some racial groups for which a satellite was the closest NCI cancer center facility increased notably (Native Americans, 22.6% with parent facilities and 39.7% with satellite facilities; whites, 34.8% with parent facilities and 50.3% with satellite facilities; and Asians, 40.0% with parent facilities and 54.0% with satellite facilities), with less marked increases for Hispanic and black populations. Rural populations of all categories had dramatically low proportions living within 60 minutes of an NCI cancer center facility of any type (1.0%‐6.6%). Approximately 14% of the population (n = 43,033,310) lived more than 180 minutes from a parent or satellite facility, and most of these individuals were Native Americans and/or rural residents (37% of Native Americans and 41.7% of isolated rural residents).CONCLUSIONSRacial/ethnic and rural populations showed markedly improved geographic access to NCI cancer center care when satellite facilities were included. Cancer 2017;123:3305‐11. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Using NCBI BLAST
Authors: Stover Naomi A. , Cavalcanti Andre R.O. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBLAST is the most widely used software in bioinformatics research. Its main function is to compare a sequence of interest, the query sequence, to sequences in a large database. BLAST then reports the best matches, or “hits,” found in the database. This simple program has two primary applications. First, if the function of the query sequence is unknown, it may be possible to infer its function based on the recognized functions of similar sequences. Second, if the researcher has a query sequence with a known function, it may be possible to identify sequences in the database that have similar functions. The utility of BLAST therefore depends on the researcher's choice of query sequence and database. An appreciation for the functions and limitations of BLAST is vital to using this program effectively. This unit will introduce the basic concepts behind BLAST, walk through BLAST searching protocols, and interpret common results. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
AgI/TMG‐Promoted Cascade Reaction of Propargyl Alcohols, Carbon Dioxide, and 2‐Aminoethanols to 2‐Oxazolidinones
Authors: Li Xue‐Dong , Song Qing‐Wen , Lang Xian‐Dong , Chang Yao , He Liang‐Nian 
Published: May 2017

AbstractChemical valorization of CO2 to access various value‐added compounds has been a long‐term and challenging objective from the viewpoint of sustainable chemistry. Herein, a one‐pot three‐component reaction of terminal propargyl alcohols, CO2, and 2‐aminoethanols was developed for the synthesis of 2‐oxazolidinones and an equal amount of α‐hydroxyl ketones promoted by Ag2O/TMG (1,1,3,3‐tetramethylguanidine) with a TON (turnover number) of up to 1260. By addition of terminal propargyl alcohol, the thermodynamic disadvantage of the conventional 2‐aminoethanol/CO2 coupling was ameliorated. Mechanistic investigations including control experiments, DFT calculation, kinetic and NMR studies suggest that the reaction proceeds through a cascade pathway and TMG could activate propargyl alcohol and 2‐aminoethanol through the formation of hydrogen bonds and also activate CO2.