bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavioural Response of Aromia bungii Adults to Volatile Compounds Emitted by Prunus persica at Different Physiological Statuses
Authors: Peng Xin‐yi , Li Shuang , Yang Xue‐jin , Zhou Yuan‐yuan , Kong Yujun , Wei Jian‐rong , Cao Dan‐dan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAromia bungii is a serious wood borer damaging Prunus persica and other numerous economic tree species. Host plant volatiles play a key role in pest population monitoring and trapping. To ascertain the influence of volatile organic compounds emitted by P. persica at varying physiological statuses on the host‐searching behaviour of A. bungii adults, we initially collected and identified the volatiles emitted by P. persica leaves infested with A. bungii using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Subsequently, we evaluated the behavioural response of A. bungii adults to the crude extracts, single compounds and blends of these compounds by Y‐tube olfactometer bioassay. Results showed that volatiles emitted from P. persica infested with A. bungii larvae at Grade I were more attractive to females, but males were more attracted to volatiles from P. persica infested with A. bungii larvae at Grade IV. Five compounds were identified and showed relatively high levels from both infested plants at Grade I and Grade IV. Among them, 3‐carene, cis‐3‐hexen‐1‐ol and cis‐3‐hexenyl acetate were attractive to females, and a blend of the three volatiles in a ratio of 3:91:6 for Grade I infestation was more attractive to females than a ratio of 3:83:14 from Grade IV infestation. The compounds, 3‐carene, cis‐3‐hexenyl acetate, cis‐3‐hexene‐1‐ol and benzaldehyde, were attractive to males and a blend in a ratio of 3:81:13:3 from Grade IV infestation was more attractive to males than a ratio of 3:89:6:2 from Grade I infestation. The results show that the kinds and ratios of volatiles emitted from P. persica infested with A. bungii larvae play important roles in host‐searching behaviour of A. bungii adults.
Overall survival and disease‐free survival prediction in Chinese women with breast cancer aged 70 years or older by using nomograms
Authors: Feng Ruigang , Huang Wenwen , Min Jie , Shu Wenjun , Zhang Yanshou , Yu Yue , Cao Xuchen , Wang Xin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeBy analyzing the existing data of this study, a prediction tool for the overall breast cancer survival and disease‐free survival (DFS) of elderly women was established.Patients and MethodsClinicopathologic data were collected from elderly women with BC who were admitted to the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from August 2014 to December 2017. Independent prognostic factors for BC in elderly patients were confirmed using the Cox proportional hazards model. Nomograms were developed with these factors for predicting the 3‐ and 5‐year overall survival (OS) as well as DFS. The nomograms' discrimination ability and calibration were assessed through the area under the curve (AUC), concordance index (C‐index), decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration plots.ResultsWe enroled 889 elderly patients with BC, and the results showed that the 3‐year OS rate was 93.4% (95%CI = 91.8%–95.1%), the 3‐year DFS rate was 87.8% (95%CI = 85.7%–90.0%), the 5‐year OS rate was 85.6% (95%CI = 83.3%–87.9%), and the 5‐year DFS rate was 80.1%(95%CI = 77.5%–82.8%). The corrected C‐indices of the OS and DFS nomograms were 0.799 and 0.667, respectively (95%CI = 0.767–0.830 and 0.632–0.702, respectively). Relatively high AUC values were shown by the nomograms for estimating OS and DFS. The DCA revealed that the constructed nomograms had net benefits for clinical application. The calibration curves demonstrated an excellent correspondence between the data predicted by the nomograms and the actual survival data. Survival curves indicated that risk stratification could differentiate OS and DFS.ConclusionsThis study developed novel and practical nomograms for individual prediction of DFS and OS in elderly BC patients. These nomograms can predict 3‐ and 5‐year OS as well as DFS in the elderly BC patient population, thereby enabling personalized risk assessment and risk‐based therapy.
Impact of childhood trauma history on premenstrual syndrome in women of reproductive age: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yesildere Saglam Havva , Gürsoy Elif , Karakuş Ayşenur 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimPremenstrual syndrome is a women's health problem affecting women of reproductive age. Early traumas may have negative effects on women's health. Childhood traumas are thought to be an important risk factor for the emergence of premenstrual syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and childhood traumas in women.MethodThis is a cross‐sectional study. This study was conducted online between September 2023 and January 2024. The sample of the study consisted of 437 women of reproductive age, between the ages of 18–49, who did not have any obstacles to participating in the study. Personal Information Form, Premenstrual Syndrome Scale and Childhood Trauma Scale were used to collect the data. SPSS statistical program was used to analyze the data. [Correction added on 28 December 2024, after first online publication: In the preceding sentence, ‘SPPS’ has been corrected to SPSS.]ResultsThe prevalence of premenstrual syndrome was 55.6%. Emotional neglect, physical abuse, emotional abuse and sexual abuse levels were found to be higher in women with premenstrual syndrome (p < 0.05). It was determined that childhood traumas increased the level of premenstrual syndrome in women (ß = 0.266). Childhood trauma explained 6.8% of the total change in premenstrual syndrome level (R2 = 0.068). Emotional neglect (ß = 0.163) and physical abuse (ß = 0.121) increased the level of premenstrual syndrome.ConclusionChildhood traumas were found to be an important factor affecting the occurrence of premenstrual syndrome and exacerbating its symptoms. Early detection of childhood traumas may prevent long‐term problems that may occur in individuals.
The effect of digital storytelling on women's human papilloma virus awareness: Randomized controlled experimental study
Authors: Dağlı Elif , Aktaş Reyhan Feyza , Arık Ahmet 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to determine the effectiveness of the digital storytelling (DS) method in increasing human papilloma virus (HPV) awareness.Study DesignThe study was conducted in the gynecology and obstetrics outpatient clinic of a state hospital between April and December 2023. The universe of the study consisted of women who applied to the outpatient clinic between these dates and volunteered. A total of 80 women who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study (n = 40 for each group). Data for the study were gathered using Personal Introduction Form and Human Papilloma Virus Knowledge Scale. Repeated measures ANOVA method was used to determine the difference between the pre‐training, post‐first training and post‐second training measurement scores according to the intervention and control groups. For significant ANOVA results, measurements with differences were compared pairwise using Bonferroni correction. All statistical analyses were examined at the p < 0.05 significance level.ResultsSocio‐demographic characteristics and HPV awareness levels of women in the intervention and control groups were similar before training (p > 0.05). After the activity conducted with the digital story method in the intervention group, the HPV awareness levels of women in this group increased significantly (p < 0.05). Considering the development in each group, an increase in posttest scores is observed in both groups. However, when the increase amounts in each group in the intervention and control groups were examined, it was determined that all awareness levels increased more in the intervention group. In the intergroup comparison, it was determined that the mean measurements of general HPV knowledge, general HPV vaccine knowledge, and knowledge of the current HPV vaccination program of women in the intervention group at the first and second follow‐ups after the training were higher than those in the control group.ConclusionThe DS method was effective in raising HPV awareness given to the intervention group. Health professionals and researchers can benefit from DS in providing health education and consultancy services such as HPV awareness.
Older hospitalised patients with a chief complaint of weakness and nonspecific presentations are not at risk of adverse health outcomes
Authors: Shimoni Zvi , Firas Abu D. , Hermush Vered , Froom Paul 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRationale and ObjectiveOlder adults in the Emergency Department (ED) often present with nonspecific complaints (NSC) that might be associated with adverse health outcomes due to underestimating the seriousness of the illness by health care workers.MethodsWe selected a random sample of patients aged 65 or older who complained of weakness and were hospitalised in internal medicine departments in 2019‐2021. We divided the patients into those with and without specific reasons for hospitalisation after the ED evaluation. Outcome variables included changes in medical care based on CT head scans and blood tests, and whether a delay in diagnosis led to a longer stay, in‐hospital mortality, or readmission within 30 days.ResultsPatients were aged 82 ± 8 years and 43.6% (233/536)were female. 46.8% (260/556) of the patients had a specific reason for hospitalisation after the ED evaluation including four patients presenting with confusion, without neurological findings but with acute ischaemia found on the brain CT. Patients without a specific presentation had fewer blood tests done due to a significantly shorter hospital stay (median (1st–3rd quartiles: 3 (2–4) vs. 4 (3–6) days, p < 0.001), a lower mortality rate, 0.3% (n = 1) compared to 4.2% (n = 11), p = 0.002), and fewer readmissions 13.5%(n = 40) compared to 20.4% (n = 53). The deaths and readmissions in both groups were not due to a delay in diagnosis.ConclusionsElderly patients with a chief complaint of weakness with and without a specific reason for hospitalisation were not at an increased risk for inappropriate treatment or a missed diagnosis.
Seasonal patterns of neurogenesis in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) are region‐ and sex‐specific
Authors: Aitken Sean D. T. , Parks Broderick. M. B. , Sollows Marjorie , Barber Colleen A. , Phillmore Leslie S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSongbird vocal behavior, physiology, and brains—including neurogenesis—change between seasons. We examined seasonal differences in neurogenesis in three brain regions associated with vocal production and learning, HVC (letter‐based proper name), robust nucleus of the arcopallium (RA), and Area X, and two brain regions associated with auditory perception, caudomedial nidopallium (NCM) and caudomedial mesopallium (CMM). To do this, we captured wild male and female European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) in spring and fall, collected a blood sample, and minimized time from capture to tissue collection to limit suppressive effects of captivity on neurogenesis. We quantified neurogenesis using doublecortin (DCX) immunohistochemistry, counting new neurons of three DCX cell morphologies (multipolar, fusiform, and round). We found regional differences in types of morphologies expressed, and amount of neurogenesis across regions: NCM had more fusiform cells than all other regions, and RA had more round cells than other regions. Males had more neurogenesis in HVC in fall than in spring, but there was no seasonal difference in neurogenesis in HVC of females, perhaps reflecting sexually dimorphic vocal learning demands related to repertoire size and complexity. Plasma corticosterone was higher in spring than fall and was correlated with testis volume in males, but it was not correlated with another purported measure of stress, heterophil:lymphocyte ratio (HLR), nor with neurogenesis. Our results suggest that the addition of new neurons to specific regions and circuits may serve different functions for males and females, particularly in the context of vocal production, learning, and perceptual demands across seasons.
Intense light and conspecific density increase seedling mortality across age groups in a typhoon‐disturbed tropical forest
Authors: Lin Yung‐Chiau , Chao Kuo‐Jung , Song Guo‐Zhang M. , Chao Wei‐Chun , Chang‐Yang Chia‐Hao , Hsieh Chang‐Fu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractQuestionsMaintaining forest species diversity, regenerative function and ecosystem resilience begins with successful seedling establishment. Despite their critical role, seedlings face the highest mortality risks among plant life‐history stages. Our research aims to answer the following questions: In a tropical forest disturbed by typhoons, what is the median survival time for seedlings, to what extent do light levels contribute to mortality risks and what are the crucial mortality risks across seedling age groups?LocationA tropical mountain zonal foothill evergreen broad‐leaved forest in Nanjenshan Nature Reserve, Taiwan, frequently visited by typhoons.MethodsWe investigated woody seedlings in 75 quadrats (each 1 m × 1 m) every 3 months from October 2009 to January 2018, spanning 8.3 years with 34 censuses. We used the Kaplan–Meier method to estimate seedlings’ median survival time and Generalized Linear Models to identify mortality risk factors for all seedlings and those that persisted beyond the median survival time.ResultsThe median survival time for all seedlings was 0.5 years, ranging from 0.25 years for shade‐intolerant species to 1.25 years for shade‐tolerant species. Seedlings germinated in high‐light microhabitats and high conspecific seedling density exhibited higher mortality probabilities, regardless of age.ConclusionsThis study reveals the short survival time and key mortality risks of seedlings in a typhoon‐disturbed forest. The negative impact of light levels on seedling survival highlights the potential consequences of increased light levels resulting from typhoon disturbances in the study region.
Glacier extinction homogenizes functional diversity via ecological succession
Authors: Khelidj Nora , Caccianiga Marco , Cerabolini Bruno E. L. , Tampucci Duccio , Losapio Gianalberto 
Published: October 2024

AbstractQuestionsThe disappearance of glaciers threatens biodiversity and the functioning of ecosystems. Yet, questions remain about the response of functional diversity to glacier retreat. How does glacier retreat influence functional diversity? How does glacier retreat influence the relationship between taxonomic diversity and functional diversity? How does glacier retreat impact community mean and intraspecific trait variability (ITV) of key functional traits?LocationFour retreating glacier ecosystems in the Italian Alps. Plant communities spanning 0 to ca 5000 years on average after glacier retreat, including a scenario of glacier extinction.MethodsWe quantified functional diversity analyzing twelve plant traits associated to carbon and nitrogen cycling, resource allocation, and reproduction of 117 plant species. We addressed how functional diversity changes with glacier retreat and taxonomic diversity (i.e., plant species richness).ResultsPlant functional diversity decreases with glacier extinction while increasing with species richness. The positive relationship between taxonomic and functional diversity becomes flatter, that is, less important, with glacier retreat. We document sharp changes in functional niche position and breadth with glacier retreat. Key functional traits associated with carbon cycling and resource allocation change substantially with ecological succession triggered by glacier retreat. Traits associated to nitrogen cycling show little change. We also found that flowering start shifted earlier in the season while flowering period increased with glacier retreat.ConclusionOur results demonstrate the pervasive impact of glacier extinction on the functioning of plant communities. Changes in functional mean and functional variation indicate shifts in niche position and niche breadth which could have implications for species adaptation to changing environments.
Genetic Diversity Losses in Mantis Shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria Offspring Created for Supportive Releases Using an Ecological Breeding in Earthen Pond Method
Authors: Bo Qi‐Kang , Yu Yan‐Guang , Chen Chun‐Xiu , Zhang Ya‐Nan , Ma Chao , Wang Shuai , Yu Jie , Lu Yun‐Zhao , Hao Jun , Jiang Ju‐Feng 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTArtificial breeding of mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria, using the ecological breeding in earthen pond (EBEP) method, has been carrying out from 2019, and the produced larvae have always been used for supportive breeding programs in Bohai Bay. To assess the degree of fidelity of enhancement programs used an EBEP method to native genetic pools, genetic diversity at 10 microsatellite loci was analyzed in three hatchery offspring populations, their wild parent stocks, and their wild contemporaneous offspring. Significant decrease in the almost genetic diversity parameters and highly significant differences in shannon's information index (decreasing by 22.54%–40.97%) and allelic richness (33.80%–46.87%) were observed between in hatchery populations. This further created relatively more genetic differentiation between the hatchery and wild population, as the pairwise Fst values and genetic distances showed. The mean pairwise relatedness coefficients showed higher values within hatchery populations and lower values within wild populations. Hatchery populations contained the fewest full‐sib families and offspring were extremely distributed in 10–11 full‐sib groups in each hatchery population. The relatively small number of actual spawning females and large variance in parental contribution to the next generation possibly causes allele reduction in the hatchery population, which in turn leads to a decrease in allelic diversity and an increase in genetic similarities among individuals. Promoting synchrony of ovarian development in females, providing good conditions for incubation and larvae culture and balancing the contributions of parents will be important in future breeding propagation.
Low‐dose oral food challenges
Authors: Takei Mari , Yanagida Noriyuki , Sato Sakura , Ebisawa Motohiro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundInfants aged <1 year with confirmed food allergies generally need to avoid causative foods completely for a certain period. Low‐dose oral food challenges (LD‐OFCs) may be an effective strategy for safely introducing small amounts of causative foods to individuals with food allergies. This study clarified the safety of LD‐OFCs in infants aged <1 year with food allergies.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical records of LD‐OFCs performed in infants aged <1 year allergic to hen's egg, cow's milk, or wheat between April 2014 and October 2017. Approximately 1/25th–1/20th of the egg white from a heated whole hen's egg, 3 mL heated cow's milk, and 2 g wheat noodles (udon) were used as challenge foods. We examined the LD‐OFC results, including the induced symptoms and treatment required for positive LD‐OFC results.ResultsThe LD‐Egg, LD‐Milk, and LD‐Wheat OFC groups comprised 68, 42, and 13 participants, respectively. The positivity rates for the LD‐Egg, LD‐Milk, and LD‐Wheat OFC groups were 7%, 24%, and 0%, respectively. Patients predominantly exhibited skin symptoms, and most were treated with oral antihistamines alone. None of the patients experienced anaphylaxis or required adrenaline injections.ConclusionsInfants aged <1 year with food allergies can safely undergo LD‐OFCs by consuming low doses of causative foods. Avoiding the complete elimination of causative foods is an important strategy for managing infants with food allergies when initially introducing causative foods.
PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IN THE TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL EPIDERMOLYSIS BULLOSA
Authors: Rysuly M.R. , Ogay V.B. , Ospanova S.A. , Nurkina A.K. , Taubaeva A.A. , Islamov E.N. , Idrisova A.S. , Pavlova V.V. 
Published: October 2024

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a hereditary orphan pathology caused by mutations in genes encoding structural cellular proteins necessary for the integrity of the skin and mucous membranes. As a result of minor mechanical stress, blisters with serous and/or hemorrhagic contents, long-term non-healing wounds and scars form on the skin. Such injuries have a high risk of infectious complications and often lead to disability of the patient. Current treatment methods are primarily palliative in nature and aimed at preventing complications, which emphasizes the relevance in new therapeutic strategies.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer a promising therapeutic approach. MSCs are known for their multipotency, immunomodulatory properties, and ability to promote tissue repair, a potential treatment for epidermolysis bullosa. This literature review evaluates the therapeutic potential of MSCs in the treatment of VEB, highlighting key findings from recent studies.
Noble Gases, Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopes in Different Lithologies of Pesyanoe: Irradiation History and Impact Processes on the Aubrite Parent Body
Authors: Buikin A. I. , Verchovsky A. B. , Hopp J. , Lorenz C. A. , Korochantseva E. V. , Trieloff M. , Ott U. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We present the results of stepwise crushing and combustion analyses for noble gases, carbon and nitrogen in Pesyanoe aubrite pyroxene lithologies, composed of grey (Px-G) and light (Px-B) enstatites differing in the degree of impact processing and the number of inclusions. Our study identifies three main noble gas endmembers in Pesyanoe: a cosmogenic component, radiogenic 40Ar, and an endmember representing a mixture of solar wind and Q components in variable proportions. Based on petrographic and noble gas data we argue that these gases accumulated in the material during its regolith history and were later redistributed into gas inclusions/voids as the result of an impact event. During impact metamorphism, Px-G acquired its grey color and multiple gas inclusions were formed within it, more than in case of Px-B. Our study demonstrates for the first time: (1) The host phase of gases trapped during shock metamorphism are grains of rock-forming minerals, in particular Px-G, due to the formation of a large number of cracks in the direction of cleavage during brittle deformation, (2) The gas capture is associated not with the final stage of the formation of consolidated fragmental breccia, at which lithification of the fragments occurred, but with one of the intermediate impact events. High amounts of trapped and cosmogenic noble gases are released during the stepwise crushing—significantly higher than in case of any other studied aubrite. Some unusually high 36Ar/132Xe ratios (up to 54 780 versus 22 705 in the solar wind) were discovered during crushing of Px-G. Our preferable explanation of this phenomenon is a specific superposition of noble gas elemental fractionation processes related to the impact cratering of the Pesyanoe parent body. The carbon isotopic composition (δ13C = –21.2 ± 0.2‰, 1σ) is slightly heavier than that of the Bustee aubrite carbon. The combined use of different extraction methods made it possible to determine that the solar type and indigenous (δ15Nindig = –0.1 ± 3.2‰, 1σ) nitrogen components are located in the gas inclusions, whereas the extraneous nitrogen component (~+45‰) is chemically bound. The large cosmic ray exposure age variations (44 and 55 Ma in case of Px-G and Px-B, respectively) and the heterogeneous distribution of solar-type gases in Pesyanoe aubrite point to a diverse irradiation history of the material before breccia formation. Alternatively/additionally, cosmogenic gases (as well as solar and primordial) in Px-G may have became lost and/or partly redistributed into gas inclusions as a result of the impact event.