bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet reactivity in response to loading dose of atorvastatin or rosuvastatin in patients with stable coronary disease before percutaneous coronary intervention: The STATIPLAT randomized study
Authors: Godino Cosmo , Pavon Anna Giulia , Mangieri Antonio , Salerno Anna , Cera Michela , Monello Alberto , Chieffo Alaide , Magni Valeria , Cappelletti Alberto , Margonato Alberto , Colombo Antonio 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe acute effects of statin loading dose (LD) on platelet reactivity in patients with chronic stable angina (CSA) are not completely clear.HypothesisWe hypothesized that LDs of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin have different pharmacodynamic acute effects on platelet aggregability in CSA patients with baseline normal platelet reactivity while on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT).MethodsFrom September 2011 to February 2014, all consecutive CSA patients on chronic DAPT (aspirin and clopidogrel) were evaluated before elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). An initial assessment of platelet reactivity in response to thrombin receptor agonist, ADP, and ASP (respectively, indicative of the response to clopidogrel and aspirin) was performed with impedance aggregometry. Patients with high platelet reactivity to ADP test (area under the curve >47) were excluded. The remaining patients were randomized into 3 treatment groups: Group A, atorvastatin LD 80 mg; Group B, rosuvastatin LD 40 mg; and Group C, no statin LD (control group). A second assessment of platelet reactivity was performed ≥12 hours after statin LD.Results682 patients were screened and 145 were randomized into the 3 groups. At baseline and after statin LD, no significant difference was found in platelet reactivity in response to 3 different agonists between the 3 groups. Subgroup analysis showed that platelet reactivity to ADP test was significantly lower in patients chronically treated with low‐dose statins (n = 94) compared with statin‐naïve patients (n = 51; 15.32 ± 1.50 vs 18.59 ± 1.30; P = 0.007).ConclusionsLoading dose of atorvastatin (80 mg) or rosuvastatin (40 mg) did not induce significant variation in platelet reactivity in CSA patients with baseline reduced platelet reactivity as in chronic DAPT. Our data confirm that chronic concomitant treatment with low‐dose statins and clopidogrel resulted in significantly lower platelet reactivity compared with clopidogrel alone.
Synthesis of the Smallest Member of the Silylketene Family: H3SiC(H)=C=O
Authors: Tarczay György , Förstel Marko , Góbi Sándor , Maksyutenko Pavlo , Kaiser Ralf I. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by Prof. György Tarczay (Eötvös University) and the group of Prof. Ralf I. Kaiser (University of Hawaii). The background computer‐generated image (provided by Gerd Altmann, Freiburg, Germany) is mimicking an interstellar object, in the front the Keck machine, a 3D mass spectrum used for identification, and the silylketene molecule are displayed. The cover art was prepared by László Lénárd (Eötvös University). Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cphc.201601422.
How do we know what makes for “best practice” in clinical supervision for psychological therapists? A content analysis of supervisory models and approaches
Authors: Simpson‐Southward Chloe , Waller Glenn , Hardy Gillian E. 
Published: April 2017

Clinical supervision for psychotherapies is widely used in clinical and research contexts. Supervision is often assumed to ensure therapy adherence and positive client outcomes, but there is little empirical research to support this contention. Regardless, there are numerous supervision models, but it is not known how consistent their recommendations are. This review aimed to identify which aspects of supervision are consistent across models, and which are not. A content analysis of 52 models revealed 71 supervisory elements. Models focus more on supervisee learning and/or development (88.46%), but less on emotional aspects of work (61.54%) or managerial or ethical responsibilities (57.69%). Most models focused on the supervisee (94.23%) and supervisor (80.77%), rather than the client (48.08%) or monitoring client outcomes (13.46%). Finally, none of the models were clearly or adequately empirically based. Although we might expect clinical supervision to contribute to positive client outcomes, the existing models have limited client focus and are inconsistent. Therefore, it is not currently recommended that one should assume that the use of such models will ensure consistent clinician practice or positive therapeutic outcomes.Key Practitioner Messages

There is little evidence for the effectiveness of supervision.
There is a lack of consistency in supervision models.
Services need to assess whether supervision is effective for practitioners and patients.
The clinical application of suicide risk assessment: A theory‐driven approach
Authors: Mitchell Sean M. , Brown Sarah L. , Roush Jared F. , Bolaños Angelea D. , Littlefield Andrew K. , Marshall Andrew J. , Jahn Danielle R. , Morgan Robert D. , Cukrowicz Kelly C. 
Published: April 2017

The interpersonal theory of suicide posits that thwarted belongingness (TB) and perceived burdensomeness (PB) increase suicide ideation; however, studies have found mixed results regarding this hypothesis among psychiatric inpatients. This study aimed to (a) demonstrate how assessing TB and PB using the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ) can provide clinically useful information and (b) investigate how statistical methodology may impact the clinical application of the INQ. Participants were 139 (Sample 1) and 104 (Sample 2) psychiatric inpatients. In both samples, ordinal logistic regression results indicated TB and PB, separately, were significant predictors of suicide ideation‐related outcomes; however, when examined as simultaneous predictors, TB was no longer a significant predictor. The interaction between TB and PB was not significant for either sample. Despite this, TB and PB scores provided clinically relevant information about suicide ideation‐related outcomes. For example, the highest scores on TB and PB indicated a 93% and 95% chance of having some level of distress due to suicide ideation (Sample 1), a 91% and 92% chance of having some level of desire for death, and a 79% and 84% chance of having some level of desire for suicide, respectively (Sample 2). This study also proposes clinical cutoff scores for the INQ (for TB and PB, respectively, cutoff scores were 22 and 17 for distress due to suicide ideation, 33 and 17 for desire for death, and 31 and 22 for desire for suicide). Although these results indicate that multicollinearity between TB and PB may create interpretational ambiguity for clinicians, TB and PB may each be useful separate predictors of suicide ideation‐related outcomes in psychiatric inpatient settings and should be incorporated into suicide risk assessment.Key Practitioner Message

The 15‐item Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (an assessment of thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness) should be incorporated into suicide risk assessment.
Among psychiatric inpatients, greater thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness, as separate predictors, were associated with increased levels of distress due to suicide ideation, desire for death, and desire for suicide.
The highest scores on thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness indicated a 79% to 95% chance of experiencing an elevated level of distress due to suicide ideation, desire for death, or desire for suicide.
Recommended clinical cutoff scores were provided. For example, thwarted belongingness cutoff score of 31 and perceived burdensomeness cutoff score of 22 maximized the sensitivity and specificity of the INQ to detect some level of desire for suicide.
Synergetic Effect of Chloride Doping and CH3NH3PbCl3 on CH3NH3PbI3−xClx Perovskite‐Based Solar Cells
Authors: Xu Feng , Zhang Taiyang , Li Ge , Zhao Yixin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe chloride‐doped CH3NH3PbI3−xClx perovskite has attracted great attention owing to clear performance enhancement by using a Cl additive and by the controversial arguments on Cl function and the mechanism behind it. Herein, a series of CH3NH3PbI3−xClx perovskites with various Cl content was prepared through a gas/solid reaction between CH3NH2 gas and HPbI3−xClx (x=0–1). The small amount of Cl doping in CH3NH3PbI3−xClx (x=0.05) could lead to band gap broadening and significantly increase the perovskite grain size, and the phase‐pure CH3NH3PbI2.95Cl0.05 perovskites exhibited up to 17.44 % efficiency. For Cl contents higher than 0.1 (x>0.1), CH3NH3PbCl3 formed and coexisted with CH3NH3PbI3−xClx, and CH3NH3PbCl3 could help to improve the thermal stability of CH3NH3PbI3−xClx. However, the excessive co‐existing wide‐band‐gap CH3NH3PbCl3 perovskites would inhibit the electron transfer and lead to a deterioration of photovoltaic performance.
Developing approaches for linear mixed modeling in landscape genetics through landscape‐directed dispersal simulations
Authors: Row Jeffrey R. , Knick Steven T. , Oyler‐McCance Sara J. , Lougheed Stephen C. , Fedy Bradley C. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDispersal can impact population dynamics and geographic variation, and thus, genetic approaches that can establish which landscape factors influence population connectivity have ecological and evolutionary importance. Mixed models that account for the error structure of pairwise datasets are increasingly used to compare models relating genetic differentiation to pairwise measures of landscape resistance. A model selection framework based on information criteria metrics or explained variance may help disentangle the ecological and landscape factors influencing genetic structure, yet there are currently no consensus for the best protocols. Here, we develop landscape‐directed simulations and test a series of replicates that emulate independent empirical datasets of two species with different life history characteristics (greater sage‐grouse; eastern foxsnake). We determined that in our simulated scenarios, AIC and BIC were the best model selection indices and that marginal R2 values were biased toward more complex models. The model coefficients for landscape variables generally reflected the underlying dispersal model with confidence intervals that did not overlap with zero across the entire model set. When we controlled for geographic distance, variables not in the underlying dispersal models (i.e., nontrue) typically overlapped zero. Our study helps establish methods for using linear mixed models to identify the features underlying patterns of dispersal across a variety of landscapes.
Modeling connectivity to identify current and future anthropogenic barriers to movement of large carnivores: A case study in the American Southwest
Authors: McClure Meredith L. , Dickson Brett G. , Nicholson Kerry L. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis study sought to identify critical areas for puma (Puma concolor) movement across the state of Arizona in the American Southwest and to identify those most likely to be impacted by current and future human land uses, particularly expanding urban development and associated increases in traffic volume. Human populations in this region are expanding rapidly, with the potential for urban centers and busy roads to increasingly act as barriers to demographic and genetic connectivity of large‐bodied, wide‐ranging carnivores such as pumas, whose long‐distance movements are likely to bring them into contact with human land uses and whose low tolerance both for and from humans may put them at risk unless opportunities for safe passage through or around human‐modified landscapes are present. Brownian bridge movement models based on global positioning system collar data collected during bouts of active movement and linear mixed models were used to model habitat quality for puma movement; then, a wall‐to‐wall application of circuit theory models was used to produce a continuous statewide estimate of connectivity for puma movement and to identify pinch points, or bottlenecks, that may be most at risk of impacts from current and future traffic volume and expanding development. Rugged, shrub‐ and scrub‐dominated regions were highlighted as those offering high quality movement habitat for pumas, and pinch points with the greatest potential impacts from expanding development and traffic, although widely distributed, were particularly prominent to the north and east of the city of Phoenix and along interstate highways in the western portion of the state. These pinch points likely constitute important conservation opportunities, where barriers to movement may cause disproportionate loss of connectivity, but also where actions such as placement of wildlife crossing structures or conservation easements could enhance connectivity and prevent detrimental impacts before they occur.
The contractile adaption to preload depends on the amount of afterload
Authors: Schotola Hanna , Sossalla Samuel T. , Renner André , Gummert Jan , Danner Bernhard C. , Schott Peter , Toischer Karl 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAimsThe Frank–Starling mechanism (rapid response (RR)) and the secondary slow response (SR) are known to contribute to increases contractile performance. The contractility of the heart muscle is influenced by pre‐load and after‐load. Because of the effect of pre‐load vs. after‐load on these mechanisms in not completely understood, we studied the effect in isolated muscle strips.Methods and resultsProgressive stretch lead to an increase in shortening/force development under isotonic (only pre‐load) and isometric conditions (pre‐ and after‐load). Muscle length with maximal function was reached earlier under isotonic (Lmax‐isotonic) compared with isometric conditions (Lmax‐isometric) in nonfailing rabbit, in human atrial and in failing ventricular muscles. Also, SR after stretch from slack to Lmax‐isotonic was comparable under isotonic and isometric conditions (human: isotonic 10 ± 4%, isometric 10 ± 4%). Moreover, a switch from isotonic to isometric conditions at Lmax‐isometric showed no SR proving independence of after‐load. To further analyse the degree of SR on the total contractile performance at higher pre‐load muscles were stretched from slack to 98% Lmax‐isometric under isotonic conditions. Thereby, the SR was 60 ± 9% in rabbit and 51 ± 14% in human muscle strips.ConclusionsThis work shows that the acute contractile response largely depends on the degree and type of mechanical load. Increased filling of the heart elevates pre‐load and prolongs the isotonic part of contraction. The reduction in shortening at higher levels of pre‐load is thereby partially compensated by the pre‐load‐induced SR. After‐load shifts the contractile curve to a better ‘myofilament function’ by probably influencing thin fibers and calcium sensitivity, but has no effect on the SR.
Diffusiophoresis of a charged particle in a microtube
Authors: Chiu Han C. , Keh Huan J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe diffusiophoresis of a charged sphere along the axis of a circular microtube filled with an electrolyte solution is studied theoretically. The tube wall may be either nonconductive and impermeable or prescribed with a linear electrolyte concentration distribution. The electric double layers at the solid surfaces are thin, but the diffuse‐layer polarization effect over the particle surface is considered. The general solutions to the electrokinetic differential equations are expressed in spherical and cylindrical coordinates, whereas the boundary conditions at the particle surface are satisfied by a collocation technique. The collocation solutions for the diffusiophoretic velocity of the particle, which are in good agreement with the asymptotic formula derived from a reflection method, are obtained for various values of the radius ratio and zeta potential ratio between the particle and the microtube and of other relevant parameters. The contributions from the diffusioosmotic flow along the tube wall and wall–corrected diffusiophoretic driving force to the particle velocity can be superimposed due to the linearity. Although the diffusiophoretic velocity in an uncharged microtube is in general a decreasing function of the particle–to–tube radius ratio and can reverse its direction, it can increase with increases in this ratio due to the competition of the wall effects of possible electrochemical enhancement and hydrodynamic retardation to the particle motion. When the zeta potentials associated with the tube and particle are equivalent, the diffusioosmotic flow induced by the tube wall dominates the diffusiophoretic motion.
Evidence of warm climate during late Sakmarian–early Artinskian in Posht‐e Badam Block, Central Iran and its paleogeographic implication
Authors: Arefifard Sakineh 
Published: April 2017

Examination of the geochemical data, faunal associations, and bauxite/laterite horizons in the Khan Formation, in Kalmard area, Posht‐e Badam Block, Central Iran are presented. The data provide insights on the paleogeographic position of Central Iran as part of the Cimmerian during the late Sakmarian–early Artinskian time. Bauxite/laterite as valuable warm and humid paleoclimate proxies are observed in all studied sections of the mixed siliciclastic‐carbonate Khan Formation and are meters to tens of meters thick. The warm and humid climate is also verified by the previous studies of Khan Formation sandstones yielding high chemical weathering and highly mature quartz grains. Plant fossils recovered from these sandstones are further evidence of the warm and wet climate. The results of the geochemical studies of the Khan Formation carbonates are in robust agreement with the inferred paleoclimate condition from bauxite/laterite horizons and sandstone studies of the Khan Formation. The bivariate plot of major and minor elements shows that aragonite as an indicator of warm water conditions was the major carbonate mineralogy of the Khan Formation limestones. Temperature calculation based on the heaviest oxygen isotope value of the least‐altered sample indicates that the temperature was around 36 and 29 °C for dolomites and limestones of the Khan Formation, respectively. The skeletal grains of the Khan Formation limestones are representative of a photozoan association with fusulinids, smaller foraminifers, calcareous algae, and common crinoids, brachiopods and bryozoans and also ooids and peloids as non‐skeletal grains. Therefore, the results of this study are not in agreement with previous fusulinid‐based paleogeographic interpretations, which suggested a high‐latitude paleoposition for the Posht‐e Badam Block and its separation from other Central Iran terrains during the late Sakmarian–early Artinskian. These data indicate that Posht‐e Badam Block was part of Central Iran during the late Sakmarian–early Artinskian, and its paleoposition was at a low paleolatitude.
Triosephosphate isomerase tyrosine nitration induced by heme–NaNO2–H2O2 or peroxynitrite: Effects of different natural phenolic compounds
Authors: Gao Wanxia , Zhao Jie , Li Hailing , Gao Zhonghong 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPeroxynitrite and heme peroxidases (or heme)–H2O2–NaNO2 system are the two common ways to cause protein tyrosine nitration in vitro, but the effects of antioxidants on reducing these two pathways‐induced protein nitration and oxidation are controversial. Both nitrating systems can dose‐dependently induce triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) nitration, however, heme–H2O2–NaNO2 was less destructive to protein secondary structures and led to more nitrated tyrosine residue than 3‐morpholinosydnonimine hydrochloride (SIN‐1, a peroxynitrite donor). Both of desferrioxamine and catechin could inhibit TIM nitration induced by heme–H2O2–NaNO2 and SIN‐1 and protein oxidation induced by SIN‐1, but promoted heme–H2O2–NaNO2‐induced protein oxidation. Moreover, the antagonism of natural phenolic compounds on SIN‐1‐induced tyrosine nitration was consistent with their radical scavenging ability, but no similar consensus was found in heme–H2O2–NaNO2‐induced nitration. Our results indicated that peroxynitrite and heme–H2O2–NaNO2‐induced protein nitration was different, and the later one could be a better model for anti‐nitration compounds screening.
miR‐34b Modulates Skeletal Muscle Cell Proliferation and Differentiation
Authors: Tang Zhixiong , Qiu Huiling , Luo Lan , Liu Nian , Zhong Jiasheng , Kang Kang , Gou Deming 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTMyogenesis involves myoblast proliferation and differentiation to myocytes, followed by fusion and hypertrophy to form myotubes during muscle development. Increasing evidence showed that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of myogenesis. We have previously revealed that miR‐34b is steadily increased during this process. This miRNA regulates differentiation in various cell types, though its function in myogenesis remains to be elucidated. In this study, we show that miR‐34b represses muscle cell proliferation and promotes myotube formation. Our quantitative iTRAQ‐based proteomic analysis reveals 97 proteins are regulated by miR‐34b in mouse myoblast C2C12. We identified that miR‐34b targets 14‐3‐3 protein gamma, adenosylhomocysteinase and nucleolin by binding to their 3′UTR. Further analysis of these proteins expression patterns show that nucleolin is a cognate target of miR‐34b during myogenic differentiation. Here, we proved that a moderate reduction of nucleolin in cells enhanced the myotube formation. However, nucleolin is required for myogenesis, as cells with low levels of nucleolin reduced cell proliferation rate and are unable to differentiate. Our data demonstrated that nucleolin regulates myogenesis in a protein‐abundance‐dependent manner. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4285–4295, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Recovery of PEGylated and native lysozyme using an in situ aqueous two‐phase system directly from the PEGylation reaction
Authors: Mejía‐Manzano Luis Alberto , Mayolo‐Deloisa Karla , Sánchez‐Trasviña Calef , González‐Valdez José , González‐González Mirna , Rito‐Palomares Marco 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDPurification of PEGylated proteins from reactions is still a challenge due to the formation of isomers. In this work, the recovery of PEGylated lysozyme was studied in a novel integrative approach called in situ aqueous two‐phase systems (ATPS). The excess of PEG in the lysozyme PEGylation reaction (LPR) was used as part of the phase forming chemicals with different polymer (UCON, ficoll, dextran) and salt (sodium phosphate, potassium sulphate, sodium sulphate, ammonium sulphate, sodium carbonate) solutions.RESULTSThe best option for the in situ ATPS formation was the addition of a 4 mol L−1 ammonium sulphate in 20 mmol L−1 Tris–HCl (pH 7.0) solution to the PEGylation reaction. PEGylated conjugates of lysozyme exhibited a preferential partition to the top (PEG‐rich) phase while native protein was partitioned to the bottom (salt‐rich) phase. Di‐PEGylated lysozyme partitioned entirely to the top phase (recovery of 100%), while the mono‐PEGylated protein presented a recovery yield of 56% in the top phase. On its part, 97.7% of the native lysozyme was concentrated in the bottom phase.CONCLUSIONThe proof‐of‐concept presented in this work allows the recovery of PEGylated proteins directly from a PEGylation reaction. It is the first time that PEGylated proteins have been fractionated using a PEG–ammonium sulphate system taking advantage of the unreacted PEG left in a PEGylation reaction. Based on reaction engineering, in situ ATPS are a potential mechanism for PEGylation control, a good alternative for ‘packed‐bed’ or on‐column PEGylation processes and a pioneer strategy in the development of phase transfer catalysis in PEGylation. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry