bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A radar emitter individual identification method based on maximum entropy spectrum estimation
Authors: Guo Linyu , Yang Xinquan , Wen Wei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Radar emitter individual identification is an important research topic in modern electronic intelligence and electronic support systems. Based on the analysis of the individual characteristics of the radar emitter, this paper proposes a radar emitter individual recognition algorithm based on the maximum entropy spectrum estimation feature of the pulse envelope. The method is characterized by the maximum entropy spectrum estimation of pulse envelope and combined with long short-term memory (LSTM) to complete the identification of radar emitter individuals. Compared with the traditional methods based on local features, the entropy sequence used in this paper can be regarded as a global estimation, so the features have better robustness. The simulation results show that when the transmitter transmits the same single-tone signal, the recognition accuracy is close to 82 % when the signal-to-noise ratio is 0 dB. When the signal-to-noise ratio is 5 dB, the recognition accuracy can reach 94 %, and at 10 dB, the recognition accuracy is close to 99 %. Under the condition that three radiation sources randomly send signals of nine different modulation types, the recognition accuracy reaches 80 % when the signal-to-noise ratio is 0 dB. When the signal-to-noise ratio is 5 dB, the recognition accuracy is improved to 90 %. When the signal-to-noise ratio is 10 dB, the recognition accuracy reaches 97 %. This conclusion proves that the signal type has little effect on the recognition accuracy, and the method has high accuracy and good robustness.
A fast synthetic aperture radar echo simulation technique based on ray tracing
Authors: Xi Zhan , Guo Lixin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
For high-resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) echo simulation in complex and large-scale scenes, this paper presents a combined approach that integrates ray tracing with the Modified Electric Current Algorithm (MECA). This method leverages the powerful parallel computing capabilities of graphics processing units (GPUs) to rapidly calculate the full-polarization scene echoes. Additionally, the Distance-Doppler Algorithm (RDA) is employed to process the echo data for imaging. Simulation results demonstrate that the simulation accurately captures the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of complex scenes, thereby validating the correctness of this algorithm.
Design of a dual-mode communication module for electricity information collection
Authors: Li Luqi , Li Yongjie , Lu Jizhao , Zhu Rui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
At present, the growing scale of power users is getting faster and faster, resulting in meter reading management becoming more and more onerous, and manual meter reading is easy to cause various errors. The intelligent automatic meter reading system using Sub-GHz and HPLC dual-mode can avoid the problems existing in the traditional meter reading. Based on Sub-GHz and HPLC dual-mode communication modules, wired channels and wireless channels are combined to improve communication stability and reliability, and improve the success rate of power information collection in the station area.
MIDI I/O
Authors: Edstrom Brent 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter expounds on the extent of MIDI I/O. Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) refers to a digital communications language that enables computers, keyboards, synthesizers, and other devices to transmit performance information as a series of bytes. The chapter then provides an overview of the code and circuitry that are required to transmit and receive messages via USB and five-pin UART connections. Teensy microcontrollers are fantastic tools for working with MIDI as they can handle multi-port USB and UART input and output, and some Teensy devices can even function as USB MIDI hosts. The chapter explains that connecting components opens the door to unique and expressive interactive instruments.
Interactive MIDI Arpeggiator
Authors: Edstrom Brent 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the key concept of Interactive MIDI Arpeggiator (IMA) project. It explains that the project demonstrates several concepts including memory buffers, MIDI I/O, and clock synchronization. Additionally, the IMA project also demonstrates the creative potential of microcontroller technology, where unique interactive playback algorithms are only limited by imagination. The chapter notes that the arpeggiator consists of four pairs of buttons that control pattern selection, rate, note duration, and note repetitions. It highlights that the IMA provides a convenient way to develop customized arpeggiation patterns beyond the limited number of patterns available in a typical digital audio workstation.
An exponential stochastic Runge–Kutta type method of order up to 1.5 for SPDEs of Nemytskii-type
Authors: von Hallern Claudine , Missfeldt Ricarda , Rössler Andreas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
For the approximation of solutions for stochastic partial differential equations, numerical methods that obtain a high order of convergence and at the same time involve reasonable computational cost are of particular interest. We therefore propose a new numerical method of exponential stochastic Runge–Kutta type that allows for convergence with a temporal order of up to $\frac{3}/{2}$ and that can be combined with several spatial discretizations. The developed family of derivative-free schemes is tailored to stochastic partial differential equations of Nemytskii-type, i.e., with pointwise multiplicative noise operators. We prove the strong convergence of these schemes in the root mean-square sense and present some numerical examples that reveal the theoretical results.
A Right to Solidarity. World Ordering from the Margins through International Law?
Authors: Haaf Johannes , Anderl Felix 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In 2005, the United Nations (UN) created the Independent Expert on Human Rights and International Solidarity. The mandate holder works toward the establishment and promotion of the human right to solidarity. Usually, a right is regarded as something that people demand, and solidarity is something that people give regardless of legal obligations. Codifying solidarity in international law therefore seems paradoxical. Yet, as we show in this article, the initiative, driven by the G77, stands in a long tradition of attempts to transform the international order into a more just and equitable structure. We highlight its function as a possible means of world ordering from the margins. Through the voting power of a coalition of discontents—against the consistent resistance of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries—in the General Assembly/the Human Rights Council, the mandate holder can use their marginal position in the UN bureaucracy to update discourses about a just international order by altering legal discourses in pursuit of the right to solidarity.
The role of a specialized urethral catheter in early detection of intra-abdominal hypertension: a case report
Authors: Halalmeh Dia R , Aftab Neha , Hussein Mohamed , Ansari Yusuf , White Hutton , Jenkins Phillip , Mercer Leo , Beer Patrick , Sachwani-Daswani Gul 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) impact morbidity and mortality in burn patients, exacerbated by extensive fluid resuscitation required for more than 20% of total body surface area burns. We report a case of a 28-year-old male with severe burns and a TBSA of 49% who presented after a fire incident. The trauma team managed the patient’s fluid resuscitation, followed by early burn debridement. A TraumaGuard catheter was used for continuous intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) monitoring. On the second day of admission, a critical IAP of 20 mm Hg was detected, indicative of impending ACS. Immediate intervention with cistracurium and increased sedation reduced the IAP to 9 mm Hg, preventing the progression to ACS. This case demonstrates the importance of routine IAP monitoring in severely burned patients to prevent ACS. Early identification and management of elevated IAP can avert the progression to ACS and reduce the need for more invasive interventions.
KS05.7.A INTRATHECAL DELIVERY OF PEPTIDE-PULSED TYPE 1 CONVENTIONAL DENDRITIC CELL VACCINE IS HIGHLY EFFICACIOUS FOR THE TREATMENT OF BREAST CANCER-ASSOCIATED LEPTOMENINGEAL DISEASE
Authors: Law V , Snyder C , Chen Z , Kolinski P , Czerniecki B J , Forsyth P A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Approximately 5% of advanced stage breast cancer (BC) will develop leptomeningeal disease, a rare form of metastasis in the meninges, a membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The prognosis for BC-LMD is dismal where current treatments are ineffective. For examples, intrathecal (IT) therapy such as trastuzumab, and proton cranial spinal radiotherapy have only showed modest success. Dendritic cells are a master regulator of the immune system and play a critical role in bridging the innate and adaptive immune response. Here, we used a novel preclinical model to administer MHC class II peptide-pulsed conventional Type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1s) intrathecally in mice harbouring either HER2+ or triple negative breast cancer (TBNC) LMD. The data from our preclinical studies led to an FDA-approved Phase 1 clinical trial of cDC1s in HER2+ and TNBC-LMD (NCT05809752; in progress).

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Our lab developed a “murine Ommaya” which mimics the clinically used Ommaya reservoir and allows for repeated intrathecal (IT) injections of novel drugs at 3 - 7μl volume directly into the CSF. A pipeline for screening immunogenic MHC class II peptides from tumor-associated oncodrivers was developed and using these targets we generated tumor-targeting cDC1 vaccines. The efficacy of this therapy was examined in murine BC-LMD models.

RESULTS
We found cDC1 vaccine was highly effective against HER2+ LMD and TNBC-LMD; LMD mice that received IT cDC1s had reduced tumour burden and prolonged survival. Complete responses to treatment ranged between 30 - 70% in HER2+ LMD and TNBC-LMD and were CD4+ T cell and B cell dependent. Notably, some cured mice were protected against LMD reinoculation. Subsequent single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) analyses of pre- and post-treatment CSF revealed an adaptive change in the immune cellular landscape. We noted an elevation of Th1 cytokines such as IFN-γ in the CSF. This was recapitulated in the CSF samples of patients enrolled in an on-going Phase 1 trial, where early data showed IT cDC1 vaccine triggered a dramatic increase in the concentration of several Th1 proinflammatory cytokines.

CONCLUSION
Our preclinical data suggest IT cDC1 vaccine is effective against BC-LMD and prevents LMD recurrence. We are currently investigating the mechanism(s) by which IT cDC1-initiates the CD4 Th1 adaptive immune response against LMD. By employing an scRNA-seq approach, we hope to further determine the roles of different immune cells and their subtypes in the CSF to IT cDC1s in mice and in patients. A future approach includes testing IT cDC1 platform in LMD from other cancers (e.g. melanoma etc.).
JS02.5.A A PHASE 0/1B STUDY OF AZD1390 PLUS RADIOTHERAPY IN RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENTS
Authors: Sanai N , Umemura Y , Desai S , Margaryan T , Molloy J , Lo Cascio C , Elliott M , Harmon J , Hong A , Luna Melendez E , Wanebo J , Braun K , Kennedy W , Garcia M , Yoo W , Tovmasyan A , Tien A , Mehta S 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
ATM inhibition is hypothesized to potentiate the effects of radiation by preventing acute phase DNA damage repair, and a Phase 1 trial of this combination in patients with GBM is ongoing (NCT03423628). This Phase 0/1b study evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of AZD1390, a first-in-class ATM inhibitor, in combination with radiation in newly-diagnosed and recurrent GBM patients (NCT05182905).

METHODS
All patients received 3 days of AZD1390 prior to planned resection at 2-4, 4-6 or 23-25 hrs following the final dose (120/300mg for nGBM and 400mg for rGBM). Tumor tissue, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and plasma were collected. Total and unbound drug concentrations were measured using validated LC-MS/MS methods. ATM inhibition was assessed via ex vivo tissue radiation, quantifying pRAD50 levels compared to non-radiated control. A PK ‘trigger’ determined eligibility for Phase 1b and patients exceeding the PK threshold (2 nM unbound drug levels in Gd-non-enhancing tumor region) were eligible for therapeutic dosing of AZD1390 plus radiotherapy.

RESULTS
Thirty nGBM patients and twenty-nine rGBM patients were enrolled. Forty-eight out of the forty-nine evaluable patients exceeded the PK threshold and qualified for therapeutic dosing. The mean unbound concentrations of AZD1390 in Gd-nonenhancing tumors of nGBM patients were 13.2 pmol/g (4-6 hrs) and 4.4 pmol/g (23-25-hrs) at 120 mg dose and 17.9 pmol/g (4-6 hrs) and 4.5 pmol/g (23-25-hrs) at 300 mg dose. The mean unbound concentrations of AZD1390 were 75.6, 106.8, and 25.5 pmol/g in Gd-nonenhancing tumors of rGBM patients enrolled in 2-4, 4-6-, and 23-25-hrs cohorts, respectively. Following 5Gy ex vivo radiation of surgical specimens, pRAD50 expression was significantly suppressed in AZD1390-treated patients compared to untreated controls (median 0.2% (4-6 hrs 120mg), 1.9% (23-25 hrs 120mg), 0.3% (4-6 hrs 300mg), 1.1% (23-25 hrs 300mg), 1.2% (2-6 hrs 400mg) and 2.3% (23-25 hrs 400mg) vs 32.3% for control cohort, respectively. To date, six MGMT-unmethylated nGBM patients and 15 rGBM patients were enrolled in the Phase 1b component of the study, with median clinical follow-up of 7.0 months. Median progression-free and overall survival have not been reached in the nGBM population. Median OS was 15.4 months in the rGBM population.

CONCLUSION
AZD1390 is well-tolerated in both newly-diagnosed and recurrent GBM patients, achieving pharmacologically relevant concentrations in Gd-nonenhancing tumor tissue, and suppressing radiation-induced increase in pRAD50 levels. These data are the first to demonstrate AZD1390-mediated pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic response in GBM patients. Clinical efficacy data is maturing, but early results are encouraging.
JS02.7.A MAINTENANCE TEMOZOLOMIDE CHEMOTHERAPY FOR PATIENTS WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA: DOES TIME OF ADMINISTRATION MATTER?
Authors: Geurts M , Berchtold L , Koenig F , Naburs B , Reardon D A , Tonn J C , Stupp R , Gorlia T , Weller M , Preusser M ,   EORTC Brain Tumor Group
Published: October 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Chronotherapy, an innovative approach to improve survival or limit toxicity through timed administration of treatment, is of increasing in interest in cancer. In glioblastoma, preclinical models show that temozolomide activity depends on the time of the day it has been given. A retrospective study suggests improved outcomes for glioblastoma patients receiving temozolomide in the morning as compared to evening administration.

METHODS
We assessed toxicity and survival data in 755 patients enrolled in the CENTRIC EORTC 26071-22072 (n = 508) and CORE (n = 247) studies. Due to regulatory constraints, analyses had to be restricted to deceased patients only (n = 393 and n= 196 in CENTRIC and CORE respectively). We compared patients who were documented to have received temozolomide in the maintenance phase of the standard of care in the morning (&lt;11.00AM) to those who received it in the evening (&gt;6.00PM). Patients who received most of the maintenance temozolomide in the afternoon (between 11.AM and 6.00PM) were excluded.

RESULTS
A total of 260 (CENTRIC) and 154 (CORE) patients had at least one administration time available. In CENTRIC, n=102/260 (39%) received temozolomide in the morning and n=35/260 (13%) in the evening. In CORE, 50/154 (35%) patients received temozolomide in the morning and 34/154 (22%) in the evening. Patient- and disease characteristics were similar in both groups. There was no difference in general toxicity profiles between all groups (any AE, CENTRIC: morning 67/102 vs evening 24/35, p=0.8, CORE: morning 23/50 vs evening 14/34, p =0.7), but the morning group had a higher proportion of patients with bone marrow toxicity, compared to the evening group (CENTRIC: morning 34/102 vs evening 34/35, p=0.013, CORE: morning 12/50 vs evening 1/34, p&lt;0.01). There was no difference in overall survival between the groups [CENTRIC median OS 20.1 months (95% CI: [14-33] months) morning vs 23.5 months (95% CI: [18-32] months) evening, p=0.5; CORE median OS, 10.9 months (95% CI: [10-13] months) morning vs 11.3 months (95% CI: [9.1-13] months) evening, p=0.8].

CONCLUSION
In this large prospective dataset, there was no indication that time of administration of maintenance temozolomide matters for survival of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. However, our data suggest that bone marrow toxicity might occur less frequently when temozolomide is administered in the evening compared to the morning. This observation warrants further investigation. Given the limitation to data from deceased patients only, this analysis might be significantly biased and does not yet exclude that timing of temozolomide matters in patients most likely to derive benefit.
JS05.7.A TRAF7 WD40-DOMAIN MUTATIONS DRIVE MENINGIOMA TRANSDIFFERENTIATION AND INTRATUMOR HYPEROSTOSIS
Authors: Eaton C D , Goldschmidt E , Chen Z , Raleigh D R 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Meningiomas are the only primary tumors that form lamellar, hyperostotic bone in the tumor microenvironment, but mechanisms that drive meningioma-induced hyperostosis (MIH) are incompletely understood. Clinical observations suggest TRAF7 short somatic variants (SSVs) are enriched in skull base meningiomas, and that SSVs targeting the TRAF7 WD40-domain may be associated with MIH. Here we use single-cell RNA sequencing and lineage tracing approaches to study regionally distinct samples from meningiomas with intratumor hyperostosis. Integrating bioinformatic data with mechanistic and functional studies across regionally distinct primary meningioma cell cultures, our results suggest that TRAF7 mutations are heterogeneous in individual meningiomas. Moreover, we find that TRAF7 WD40-domain mutations drive meningioma cell transdifferentiation into an osteoblast-like state that is associated with mineralization in vitro and MIH in vivo.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Single-cell RNA sequencing and mitochondrial alteration enrichment from single-cell transcriptomes to establish relatedness (MAESTER) lineage tracing was used to define cell types, cell states, and evolutionary trajectories from 10 human samples. Regionally distinct primary meningioma cell cultures (n=6) were derived from hyperostotic or non-hyperostotic areas from 3 meningiomas with MIH and modified to stably express CRISPR interference machinery for mechanistic and functional studies. Targeted next-generation DNA sequencing, QPCR, immunofluorescence, cell proliferation, and mineralization assays with alizarin red stains were used to define how TRAF7 WD40-domain mutations influence meningioma cell fate.

RESULTS
Single-cell transcriptomics and lineage tracing identified a meningioma cell cluster that was enriched for bone-associated genes early in tumor development. DNA sequencing of regionally distinct meningioma samples and primary meningioma cell cultures revealed intratumor heterogeneity in TRAF7 WD40-domain mutations that correlated with MIH. Meningioma cell cultures were validated using DNA methylation profiling and SSTR2A expression. Only cell cultures from intratumor regions with MIH expressed RUNX2, SP7, or ALPL, and only cell cultures from intratumor regions with MIH underwent mineralization in vitro. Suppression of mutant TRAF7 using sgRNAs blocked in vitro mineralization, and media from meningioma cell cultures from intratumor regions with hyperostosis induced mineralization of TRAF7 wildtype meningioma cell cultures in vitro.

CONCLUSION
These data demonstrate that TRAF7 WD40-domain mutations drive meningioma transdifferentiation and intratumor hyperostosis, and shed light on fundamental mechanisms underlying lamellar bone formation.
JS08.6.A SYNTHETIC [18F]FET-PET GENERATION AND HOTSPOT PREDICTION VIA PREOPERATIVE MRI OF GLIOMA LACKING RADIOGRAPHIC HIGH-GRADE CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Suero Molina E , Tabassum M , Azemi G , Özdemir Z , Valls Chavarria A , Roll W , Thomas C , Russo C , Liu S , Stummer W , Di Ieva A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Lack of availability of amino acid Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in many regions limits comprehensive therapeutic decision-making for patients with gliomas without typical high-grade imaging features. To address this gap, we evaluated a novel generative artificial intelligence (AI) approach for creating synthetic [18F]FET-PET and predicting high [18F]FET-uptake from multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Our approach involves training a deep learning (DL)-based model to segment tumors in preoperative MRI and extracting radiomic features using the pyradiomics package and classification with a Random Forest classifier. To generate [18F]FET-PET images, we employed a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) framework and utilized a split-input fusion module for processing different MRI modalities through feature extraction, concatenation, and self-attention. We employed four principal metrics for quality assessment: Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity Index (SSIM), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Visual Information Fidelity (VIF).

RESULTS
We included MRI and PET images from 215 studies for the hotspot classification task and 211 studies for the synthetic PET generation task. The top-performing radiomic features achieved 80% accuracy for hotspot prediction. Of all the [18F]FET-PET scans generated synthetically, 90% were classified as clinically useful by senior physicians. PSNR analysis indicated high signal fidelity with a peak at 40 dB, while SSIM values showed substantial structural congruence. RMSE analysis demonstrated lower values below 5.6, indicating a robust congruence of the synthetic PET. Complementing these findings, VIF scores mostly ranged between 0.6 to 0.7, reflecting a high level of visual information fidelity and affirming that the synthetic PET images retain the critical informational content required for clinical assessment and diagnosis.

CONCLUSION
For the first time, we demonstrate that predicting high [18F]FET-uptake and generating synthetic PET images out of multimodal MRI in LGG and HGG is feasible. Furthermore, we can predict higher [18F]FET-uptake with high accuracy. Advanced MRI modalities and other generative AI models will be used to improve the algorithm further in future studies.