bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of FDG‐PET hypometabolism and SEEG epileptogenicity mapping in patients with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy
Authors: Lamarche Florence , Job Anne‐Sophie , Deman Pierre , Bhattacharjee Manik , Hoffmann Dominique , Gallazzini‐Crépin Céline , Bouvard Sandrine , Minotti Lorella , Kahane Philippe , David Olivier 
Published: November 2016

SummaryObjectiveInterictal [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) is used in the presurgical evaluation of patients with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy. We aimed at clarifying its relationships with ictal high‐frequency oscillations (iHFOs) shown to be a relevant marker of the seizure‐onset zone.MethodsWe studied the correlation between FDG‐PET and epileptogenicity maps in an unselected series of 37 successive patients having been explored with stereo‐electroencephalography (SEEG).ResultsAt the group level, we found a significant correlation between iHFOs and FDG‐PET interictal hypometabolism only in cases of temporal lobe epilepsy. This correlation was found with HFOs, and the same comparison between FDG‐PET and ictal SEEG power of lower frequencies during the same epochs did not show the same significance.SignificanceThis finding suggests that interictal FDG‐PET and ictal HFOs may share common underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms of ictogenesis in temporal lobe epilepsy, and combining both features may help to identify the seizure‐onset zone.
The effect of mare obesity and endocrine function on foal birthweight in Thoroughbreds
Authors: Smith S. , Marr C.M. , Dunnett C. , Menzies‐Gow N.J. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryBackgroundBirthweight of Thoroughbred foals has increased in recent years. It is unknown whether this is associated with increased broodmare obesity or endocrine dysfunction.ObjectivesTo determine insulin, leptin and triglyceride concentrations in Thoroughbred mares throughout gestation and investigate their association with obesity and foal birthweight.Study designCohort study.MethodsA total of 66 mares were included from 40 days post‐breeding. Body condition score (BCS), weight and blood samples were obtained every 60 days throughout gestation. Serum/plasma insulin, leptin and triglyceride concentrations and foal birthweight were recorded. Associations between hormone/triglyceride concentration with BCS, stage of gestation and birthweight were analysed using a linear mixed effects model.ResultsSerum insulin concentrations were greater at 1–60 days (4.31 μiu/mL) compared with 241–300 days (3.13 μiu/mL) and 61–120 days (5.33 μiu/mL) compared with 181–240, 241–300 and 301–360 days (3.78, 3.13, 3.37 μiu/mL) gestation (P<0.05). There was no significant hyperinsulinaemia and no association of insulin concentration with BCS. Leptin concentration was greater at 181–240 days (2.28 μg/L, P<0.0001) compared with all other time points and correlated with BCS (P<0.0003). Triglyceride concentration was greater at 241–300 days (0.245 mmol, P<0.02) compared with earlier time points, but was not associated with BCS. Foal birthweight was weakly positively correlated with BCS (r = 0.13, P<0.001) and inversely correlated with leptin concentrations at 61–120 and 241–300 days gestation (r = −0.64, P<0.05).Main limitationsReduction in sample size over the study and tight clustering of BCS.ConclusionsMare BCS correlated with foal birthweight; obese mares had heavier foals. Significant hyperinsulinaemia was not identified in this population. Increased leptin concentration in early and late gestation was associated with decreased foal birthweight. Further work is required to establish whether leptin concentration in late gestation could predict foal birthweight.
Prevalence and severity by age and other clinical correlates of haemophilic arthropathy of the elbow, knee and ankle among Taiwanese patients with haemophilia
Authors: Chang C.‐Y. , Li T.‐Y. , Cheng S.‐N. , Pan R.‐Y. , Wang H.‐J. , Lin S.‐Y. , Chen Y.‐C. 
Published: November 2016

Introduction & AimsHaemophilic arthropathy (HA) is a major complication in patients with haemophilia (PWH), but the study of age‐specific prevalence and severity of HA is very limited in Asian countries.Materials & MethodsThis study retrospectively reviewed 146 severe‐ and moderate‐type Taiwanese PWH aged 4–73 years, with roentgenograms of elbows, knees and ankles and calculated Pettersson scores.ResultsThe prevalence of HA, mean number of HAs per patient and mean Pettersson scores of all the joints were 42.8%, 1.3 and 1.9 points in PWH aged 4–10 years; 64.3%, 1.4 and 4.1 points in PWH aged 11–19 years; 97.1%, 2.9 and 15.6 points in PWH aged 20–29 years; 93.1%, 4.4 and 33.1 points in PWH aged 30–39 years; 100%, 5.1 and 46.1 points in PWH aged 40–49 years and 100%, 5 and 49.6 points in PWH aged ≥50 years, respectively. There was a high prevalence of HA for PWH aged ≥20 years. Among PWH aged <20 years, prevalence of HA was low and mild ankle arthropathy was the most common. Besides, in the four age groups aged <40 years, the prevalence of ankle arthropathy was the highest, followed by elbow arthropathy and then knee arthropathy.ConclusionsAlthough severe arthropathy of the six major joints was rare in PWH aged <30 years, it increased rapidly in PWH after 30 years. Analysis of clinical correlates suggested that age, severity of haemophilia, absence of prophylaxis and presence of HCV infection correlated positively with Pettersson scores.
Bioimpedance monitoring of cellular hydration during hemodialysis therapy
Authors: Montgomery Leslie D. , Montgomery Richard W. , Gerth Wayne A. , Lew Susie Q. , Klein Michael D. , Stewart Julian M. , Medow Marvin S. , Velasquez Manuel T. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIntroduction The aim of this paper is to describe and demonstrate how a new bioimpedance analytical procedure can be used to monitor cellular hydration of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients during hemodialysis (HD).Methods A tetra‐polar bioimpedance spectroscope (BIS), (UFI Inc., Morro Bay, CA), was used to measure the tissue resistance and reactance of the calf of 17 ESRD patients at 40 discrete frequencies once a minute during dialysis treatment. These measurements were then used to derive intracellular, interstitial, and intravascular compartment volume changes during dialysis.Findings The mean (± SD) extracellular resistance increased during dialysis from 92.4 ± 3.5 to 117.7 ± 5.8 Ohms. While the mean intracellular resistance decreased from 413.5 ± 11.7 to 348.5 ± 8.2 Ohms. It was calculated from these data that the mean intravascular volume fell 9.5%; interstitial volume fell 33.4%; and intracellular volume gained 20.3%.Discussion These results suggest that an extensive fluid shift into the cells may take place during HD. The present research may contribute to a better understanding of how factors that influence fluid redistribution may affect an ESRD patient during dialysis. In light of this finding, it is concluded that the rate of vascular refill is jointly determined with the rate of “cellular refill” and the transfer of fluid from the intertitial compartment into the intravascular space.
Sustainable recovery of grape skins for use in an apple beverage with antiglycation properties
Authors: Lavelli Vera , Sri Harsha Pedapati S.C. , Piochi Maria , Torri Luisa 
Published: November 2016

SummaryAn apple puree formulated with red grape skins was developed on pilot scale as a new beverage with antiglycation properties. The addition level of grape skins was selected by a liking test with 70 consumers. The selected formulation was a fibre‐rich source and delivered grape anthocyanins, flavonols and flavanols resulting in ~ twofold higher antiglycation activity than the apple puree. Pasteurisation (3‐D in the target microorganism Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris) did not affect the antiglycation activity, which decreased by 30% upon sterilisation. Storage for 1 month in the temperature range 15–35 °C affected the contents of anthocyanins, monomeric, dimeric and oligomeric flavanols, while chlorogenic acid, flavonols and dihydrochalcones were stable. About 90% antiglycation activity was retained after one‐month storage at 15 °C. The use of red grape skin as ingredient could represent an opportunity for the apple processing industry to develop a value‐added product.
Interactions of digestive enzymes and milk proteins with tea catechins at gastric and intestinal pH
Authors: Liu Chan , He Wenjia , Chen Saisai , Chen Jie , Zeng Maomao , Qin Fang , He Zhiyong 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThe interactions of digestive enzymes (pepsin, pancreatin) and milk proteins (β‐casein, β‐lactoglobulin (β‐Lg)) with (−)‐epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), (−)‐epigallocatechin (EGC) and (−)‐epicatechin (EC) at gastric and intestinal pH were investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy. The results indicated that in the gastric environment, all three tea catechins showed binding affinities in descending order of strength with β‐casein first, followed by β‐Lg and then pepsin. The highest affinity was observed for EGCG–β‐casein, with a binding constant (KA) of 2.502(±0.201) × 105 m−1. In the intestinal environment, the binding strengths of the proteins with EGCG and EGC were in the order β‐Lg > pancreatin > β‐casein; for binding with EC, the strength order was β‐casein > β‐Lg > pancreatin. The combination EGCG–β‐Lg had the strongest binding affinity, with a KA of 14.300(±0.997) × 105 m−1. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that tea catechins complexed with milk proteins and digestive enzymes via different hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions depending on the different digestion environments and types of catechins, proteins and enzymes.
Clinical benefits of frozen section assessment during urological surgery: Does it contribute to improving surgical margin status and patient outcomes as previously thought?
Authors: Miyamoto Hiroshi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDespite significant advances in patient selection as well as surgical technique over the past few decades, it is still not uncommon for patients with urological malignancy and positive surgical margins to be observed. Meanwhile, intraoperative pathology consultation with frozen section assessment, which generally provides useful information for the optimal procedure, has been widely utilized for the assessment of surgical margins during urological surgeries. Thus, it remains unanswered whether intraoperative frozen section assessment has an impact on final surgical margin status as well as long‐term oncological outcomes. The present review summarizes and discusses available data assessing the utility of frozen section assessment of the surgical margins during urological surgeries, such as radical prostatectomy, partial nephrectomy and radical cystectomy. The current findings suggest that select patients might benefit from the routine frozen section assessment.
Neural correlates of explicit and implicit emotion processing in relation to treatment response in pediatric anxiety
Authors: Burkhouse Katie L. , Kujawa Autumn , Klumpp Heide , Fitzgerald Kate D. , Monk Christopher S. , Phan K. Luan 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundApproximately 40%–45% of youth with anxiety disorders do not achieve remission (or a substantial reduction in symptoms) following treatment, highlighting the need to identify predictors of treatment response. Given the well‐established link between attentional biases and anxiety disorders in youth and adults, this study examined the neural correlates of directing attention toward and away from emotional faces in relation to pediatric anxiety treatment response.MethodPrior to beginning treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) sertraline or cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), 37 youth (age 7–19 years) with generalized and/or social anxiety disorder completed a task with conditions that manipulated whether participants were instructed to match emotional faces (explicit emotion processing) or match shapes in the context of emotional face distractors (implicit emotion processing) during functional magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsResults revealed that reduced activation in superior frontal gyrus (SFG), encompassing the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (PFC), during implicit processing of emotional faces predicted a greater reduction in anxiety severity pre‐to‐post treatment. Post hoc analyses indicated that effects were not significantly moderated by the type of treatment or anxiety type.ConclusionsFindings suggest that less recruitment of SFG, including the dorsal ACC and dorsomedial PFC, during implicit emotion processing predicts a greater reduction in youth anxiety symptoms pre‐to‐post treatment. Youth who exhibit reduced activation in these areas while matching shapes in the context of emotional face distractors may have more to gain from CBT and SSRI treatment due to preexisting deficits in attentional control. These findings suggest that neuroimaging may be a useful tool for predicting which youth are most likely to benefit from anxiety treatment.
Roles of p300 and cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein in high glucose‐induced hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α inactivation under hypoxic conditions
Authors: Ding Lingtao , Yang Minlie , Zhao Tianlan , Lv Guozhong 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAims/IntroductionGiven the high prevalence of diabetes and burn injuries worldwide, it is essential to dissect the underlying mechanism of delayed burn wound healing in diabetes patients, especially the high glucose‐induced hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 (HIF‐1)‐mediated transcription defects.Materials and MethodsHuman umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured with low or high concentrations of glucose. HIF‐1α‐induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) transcription was measured by luciferase assay. Immunofluorescence staining was carried out to visualize cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB) localization. Immunoprecipitation was carried out to characterize the association between HIF‐1α/p300/CREB. To test whether p300, CREB or p300+CREB co‐overexpression was sufficient to rescue the HIF‐1‐mediated transcription defect after high glucose exposure, p300, CREB or p300+CREB co‐overexpression were engineered, and VEGF expression was quantified. Finally, in vitro angiogenesis assay was carried out to test whether the high glucose‐induced angiogenesis defect is rescuable by p300 and CREB co‐overexpression.ResultsChronic high glucose treatment resulted in impaired HIF‐1‐induced VEGF transcription and CREB exclusion from the nucleus. P300 or CREB overexpression alone cannot rescue high glucose‐induced HIF‐1α transcription defects. In contrast, co‐overexpression of p300 and CREB dramatically ameliorated high glucose‐induced impairment of HIF‐1‐mediated VEGF transcription, as well as in vitro angiogenesis. Finally, we showed that co‐overexpression of p300 and CREB rectifies the dissociation of HIF‐1α‐p300‐CREB protein complex in chronic high glucose‐treated cells.ConclusionBoth p300 and CREB are required for the function integrity of HIF‐1α transcription machinery and subsequent angiogenesis, suggesting future studies to improve burn wound healing might be directed to optimization of the interaction between p300, CREB and HIF‐1α.
Uterine angioleiomyoma in an African green monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus)
Authors: Valentine Matthew John , Beierschmitt Amy , DeLay Josepha , Callanan John Joseph 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundA uterine neoplasm was observed, as an incidental finding, during post‐mortem examination of a 26‐year‐old female multiparous African green monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus). The intramural, expansile, 2 to 3 cm well‐demarcated, dark‐red, nodular neoplasm was located on the anterior uterine body (corpus) wall.MethodsThe mass was examined by light microscopy and by immunohistochemistry.ResultsThe mass was confirmed as a cavernous uterine angioleiomyoma (syn. vascular leiomyoma) characterized by abundant intratumoural vasculature lined by Factor VIII‐positive endothelial cells and surrounded by smooth muscle actin‐positive cell proliferations.ConclusionAngioleiomyoma sharing the characteristics of intramural human cavernous uterine angioleiomyoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of uterine tumours in non‐human primates.
Synaptopodin is regulated by aromatase activity
Authors: Fester Lars , Zhou Lepu , Ossig Christiana , Labitzke Jan , Bläute Corinna , Bader Manuela , Vollmer Günter , Jarry Hubertus , Rune Gabriele M. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractLocally synthesized estradiol plays an important role in synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. We have previously shown that in hippocampal neurons, activity of the enzyme aromatase, which converts testosterone into estradiol, is reduced via Ca2+‐dependent phosphorylation. Synaptopodin is a highly estrogen responsive protein, and it has been shown that it is an important regulator of synaptic plasticity, mediated by its close association with internal calcium stores. In this study, we show that the expression of synaptopodin is stronger in the hippocampus of female animals than in that of male animals. Phosphorylation of aromatase, using letrozole, however, down‐regulates synaptopodin immunohistochemistry in the hippocampus of both male and females. Similarly, in aromatase knock‐out mice synaptopodin expression in the hippocampus is reduced sex independently. Using primary‐dissociated hippocampal neurons, we found that evoked release of Ca2+ from internal stores down‐regulates aromatase activity, which is paralleled by reduced expression of synaptopodin. Opposite effects were achieved after inhibition of the release. Calcium‐dependent regulation of synaptopodin expression was abolished when the control of aromatase activity by the Ca2+ transients was disrupted. Our data suggest that the regulation of aromatase activity by Ca2+ transients in neurons contributes to synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus of male and female animals as an on‐site regulatory mechanism.
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Clinical and genetic spectra of Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease in Chinese Han patients
Authors: Sun Bo , Chen Zhaohui , Ling Li , Yang Fei , Huang Xusheng 
Published: November 2016

AbstractCharcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease (CMT) is a common hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy. Epidemiological data for Chinese CMT patients are few. This study aimed to analyze the electrophysiological and genetic characteristics of Chinese Han patients. A total of 106 unrelated patients with the clinical diagnosis of CMT were included. Clinical examination, nerve conduction studies (NCS), next‐generation sequencing (NGS), and bioinformatic analyses were performed. Genetic testing was performed for 82 patients; 27 (33%) patients carried known CMT‐associated gene mutations. PMP22 duplication was detected in 10 (12%) patients and GJB1 mutations in 9 (11%) patients. The mutation rate was higher in patients with a positive family history than in the sporadic cases (50% vs. 27%, p < 0.05). Six novel CMT‐associated gene mutations including BSCL2 (c.461C>T), LITAF (c.32C>G), MFN2 (c.497C>T), GARS (c.794C>T), NEFL (c.280C>T), and MPZ (c.440T>C) were discovered. All except the LITAF (c.32C>G) mutation were identified as “disease causing” via bioinformatic analyses. In this Chinese Han population, the frequency of PMP22 gene duplication in those with CMT1 was slightly (50% vs. 70%–80%) less than in Western/Caucasian populations. The novel CMT‐associated gene mutations broaden the mutation diversity of CMT1. NGS should be considered for genetic analyses in CMT patients.
A multicenter study of diet quality on birth weight and gestational age in infants of HIV‐infected women
Authors: Miller Tracie L. , Jacobson Denise L. , Somarriba Gabriel , Neri Daniela , Kurtz‐Vraney Joy , Graham Patricia , Gillman Matthew W. , Landy David C. , Siminski Suzanne , Butler Laurie , Rich Kenneth C. , Hendricks Kristy , Ludwig David A. ,   for the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe determined factors associated with diet quality and assessed the relationship between diet quality, birth weight, and gestational age in a prospective national multicenter cohort study. We evaluated diet quality with the Healthy Eating Index (HEI, scale 0–100) in the third trimester of pregnancy with three 24‐hr multiple‐pass dietary recalls in 266 HIV+ women enrolled in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study. Covariates included demographics, food security, pre‐pregnancy body mass index, HIV disease severity, substance use, and antiretroviral exposures. A two‐stage multivariate process using classification and regression trees (CART) followed by multiple regression described HEI tendencies, controlled possible confounding effects, and examined the association of HEI with birth weight and gestational age. To assess the stability of the CART solution, both the HEI 2005 and 2010 were evaluated. The mean HEI scores were 56.1 and 47.5 for the 2005 and 2010 HEI, respectively. The first‐stage CART analysis examined the relationship between HEI and covariates. Non‐US born versus US‐born mothers had higher HEI scores (15‐point difference, R2 = 0.28). There was a secondary partition due to alcohol/cigarette/illicit drug usage (3.5‐point difference, R2 = 0.03) among US‐born women. For the second‐stage CART adjusted multiple regression, birth weight z‐score was positively related to HEI 2005 and 2010 (partial r's > 0.13, P's ≤ 0.0398), but not gestational age (r = 0.00). We conclude that diet quality among HIV+ women is associated with higher birth weight. Despite the influence of a large cultural effect and poor prenatal behaviors, interventions to improve diet in HIV+ women may help to increase birth weight.
God is the Reason: Hermann Cohen's Monotheism and the Liberal Theologico‐Political Predicament
Authors: Nahme Paul E. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis article presents Hermann Cohen's Ethical Monotheism as an epistemological rejoinder to the theologico‐political predicament of liberalism in Wilhelmine Germany (1871‐1918). Beginning with an intellectual historical portrait of liberal Protestantism as a diffuse cultural context rather than a defined ideology, the article then proceeds to explicate Cohen's “liberal” Jewish conception of an epistemological “God‐idea” as a defense against the antisemitic and essentializing thought of Paul de Lagarde. The article then concludes by suggesting that Cohen's interpretation of the Noahide presents a Jewish minority account of “God” as a basis for “secular” public morality in a hyper‐contested public sphere.