bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rising population of survivors of oral squamous cell cancer in the United States
Authors: Patel Mira A. , Blackford Amanda L. , Rettig Eleni M. , Richmon Jeremy D. , Eisele David W. , Fakhry Carole 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDThe incidence of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) and a subset of oral cavity cancer (OCC) is increasing in the United States. To the authors' knowledge, the presumed growing prevalence of survivors of OPC and OCC has not been investigated to date.METHODSRetrospective analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data (1975‐2012) estimated changes in incidence, 5‐year cause‐specific survival, and prevalence for OPC and OCC. Changes in incidence, cause‐specific survival and prevalence were estimated by linear regression and expressed as the percentage change (B). Differences in incidence trends over time were determined by joinpoint analysis.RESULTSThe incidence of OPC increased by 62.6% from 1975 through 2012. Notable increases in OPC incidence were observed among men, white individuals, and those of younger ages. The 5‐year survival for OPC increased significantly for all sexes, races, and individuals aged >30 years, with white individuals and males experiencing the largest increase in survival. By contrast, the incidence of OCC declined by 22.3% during the same time period. OCC incidence decreased across all groups but increased among individuals aged 30 to 39 years. Significant increases in survival were observed for OCC, except for those who were female, black, and aged <40 years. The prevalence of survivors of OPC increased from 2000 to 2012 (B, 115.1 per 100,000 individuals per year; P<.0001), whereas the prevalence of survivors of OCC significantly decreased (B, −15.8 per 100,000 individuals per year; P<.0001).CONCLUSIONSThe prevalence of survivors of OPC is increasing, whereas the prevalence of survivors of OCC is declining. These data portend significant implications for long‐term care planning for survivors of OPC and OCC. Cancer 2016;122:1380–1387. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
A phase 1/2a study to test the safety and immunogenicity of a p16INK4a peptide vaccine in patients with advanced human papillomavirus‐associated cancers
Authors: Reuschenbach Miriam , Pauligk Claudia , Karbach Julia , Rafiyan Mohammad‐Reza , Kloor Matthias , Prigge Elena‐Sophie , Sauer Madeleine , Al‐Batran Salah‐Eddin , Kaufmann Andreas M. , Schneider Achim , Jäger Elke , von Knebel Doeberitz Magnus 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDThe cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor p16INK4a is strongly and consistently overexpressed in all human papillomavirus (HPV)‐associated cancers. Therefore, the authors hypothesized that p16INK4a may be a vaccine target antigen for HPV‐associated cancers. To test this hypothesis, the authors performed a phase 1/2a first‐in‐human trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a p16INK4a‐based peptide vaccine.METHODSA total of 26 patients with different, advanced, p16INK4a‐overexpressing, HPV DNA‐positive cancers were included after the completion of standard treatment. According to protocol, 12 subcutaneous injections of a p16INK4 peptide (P16_37‐63) mixed in a water‐in‐oil emulsion with immunoadjuvant activity (Montanide ISA‐51 VG) were administered over a 6‐month period.RESULTSA total of 20 patients received at least 4 injections and were evaluable for immune responses against P16_37‐63. Clusters of differentiation (CD) 4 T cells were detected in 14 of 20 patients (3 of whom had preexisting CD4 T cells before vaccination), CD8 T cells were detected in 5 of 20 patients, and antibodies were detected in 14 of 20 patients (1 of whom had preexisting antibodies). No suspected unexpected serious adverse reaction or serious adverse drug reaction was documented. All reported serious adverse events were expected and not considered to be related to study therapy. None of the patients discontinued trial participation due to unacceptable toxicities and no dose‐limiting toxicities occurred. Tumor response could be assessed in 14 patients. Of these, 9 patients (64%) had stable disease as their best overall response and 5 patients (36%) developed progressive disease.CONCLUSIONSVaccination with the p16INK4a‐derived peptide P16_37‐63 appears to induce cellular and humoral immune responses and does not cause severe toxicities. The results of the current study pave the way for the further clinical development of p16INK4a‐based cancer immunotherapeutics. Cancer 2016;122:1425–1433. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Diffusion of Oligonucleotides from within Iron‐Cross‐Linked, Polyelectrolyte‐Modified Alginate Beads: A Model System for Drug Release
Authors: Privman Vladimir , Domanskyi Sergii , Luz Roberto A. S. , Guz Nataliia , Glasser M. Lawrence , Katz Evgeny 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the groups of Profs. E. Katz and V. Privman (Clarkson University, USA). The image shows the system used to model diffusion of oligonucleotides from within stable alginate beads. Read the full text of the Full Paper at 10.1002/cphc.201501186
Highly Loaded Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes Non‐Covalently Modified with a Bis‐Imidazolium Salt and their Use as Catalyst Supports
Authors: Salvo Anna Maria Pia , La Parola Valeria , Liotta Leonarda F. , Giacalone Francesco , Gruttadauria Michelangelo 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe surfaces of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were non‐covalently modified using two bis‐imidazolium dibromide derivatives having phenyl or pyrene groups. Due to the presence of the two pyrene groups the bis(pyren‐1‐ylmethylimidazolium) dibromide derivative was immobilised at a loading of about 15–16 wt %, whereas only <3 wt % of the phenyl derivative was immobilised. The presence of the two imidazolium cations helped the immobilisation of tetrachloropalladate ions after exchange with bromide ions. Tetrachloropalladate was used as pre‐catalyst in several Suzuki–Miyaura carbon–carbon cross‐coupling reactions in water or water/ethanol at 50 °C in only 0.1 mol % and compared with the non‐supported pre‐catalyst. The MWCNT‐supported material was used in five consecutive cycles of the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction. Recycling using phenylboronic acid and 4‐bromobenzaldehyde in water/ethanol was achieved with only a minor loss in activity. HRTEM images clearly showed the presence of the bis(pyren‐1‐ylmethylimidazolium) derivative on the sidewalls of MWCNTs.
Robotics in otolaryngology and head and neck surgery: Recommendations for training and credentialing: A report of the 2015 AHNS education committee, AAO‐HNS robotic task force and AAO‐HNS sleep disorders committee
Authors: Gross Neil D. , Holsinger F. Christopher , Magnuson J. Scott , Duvvuri Umamaheswar , Genden Eric M. , Ghanem Tamer AH. , Yaremchuk Kathleen L. , Goldenberg David , Miller Matthew C. , Moore Eric J. , Morris Luc GT. , Netterville James , Weinstein Gregory S. , Richmon Jeremy 
Published: March 2016

AbstractTraining and credentialing for robotic surgery in otolaryngology ‐ head and neck surgery is currently not standardized, but rather relies heavily on industry guidance. This manuscript represents a comprehensive review of this increasingly important topic and outlines clear recommendations to better standardize the practice. The recommendations provided can be used as a reference by individuals and institutions alike, and are expected to evolve over time. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E151–E158,
Two New Flavonoids from Derris eriocarpa How
Authors: Lou Hua‐Yong , Wu Hong‐Guo , Tan Yong‐Hua , Lan Jun‐Jie , Ma Xiao‐Pan , Liang Guang‐Yi , Yi Ping , Pan Wei‐Dong 
Published: March 2016

Two new flavonoids, 1 and 2, together with two known flavonoids, tephrosin (3) and 12a‐hydroxy‐α‐toxicarol (4), were isolated from the whole herb of Derris eriocarpa How. The structures and absolute configurations of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of their MS, NMR, and ECD data. The structures of the known compounds were established by extensive spectroscopic (MS, 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR) analyses and comparison with the literature data. All compounds were isolated from D. eriocarpa for the first time. Compound 3 showed modest inhibitory activities against the growth of human cancer cells HEL and A549 with the IC50 values of 15.03 ± 0.62 and 13.27 ± 0.39 μm, respectively.
RUNX1 amplification in AML with myelodysplasia‐related changes and ring 21 chromosomes
Authors: Burillo‐Sanz S , Vargas MT , Morales‐Camacho RM , Caballero‐Velázquez T , Sánchez J , García‐Lozano JR , Pérez de Soto I , Prats‐Martín C , Bernal R , Pérez‐Simón JA 
Published: March 2016

AbstractRing 21 is an unstable structural abnormality of chromosome 21 that can lead to RUNX1 gene amplification. We present a unique case with a carrier patient of a constitutional ring chromosome 21 (partial monosomy and trisomy 21) with dysmorphic features and congenital malformations phenotype, who developed acute myeloid leukaemia with myelodysplasia‐related changes and two ring 21 chromosomes with RUNX1 amplification. The patient's constitutional ring 21 chromosome showed alterations in tumour suppressor genes, and oncogenes, but not in RUNX1. RUNX1 gene expression at acute myeloid leukaemia diagnosis, showed no upregulation, so other genes may also be the genetic amplification targets in this patient. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Occult recurrence of monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T‐cell lymphoma and the role of MATK gene expression in diagnosis
Authors: Chen Yunxin , Tan Soo‐Yong , Petersson Bengt Fredrik , Khor Yiu Ming , Gopalakrishnan Sathish Kumar , Tan Daryl 
Published: March 2016

AbstractMonomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T‐cell lymphomas (MEITL), formerly Type II enteropathy‐associated T‐cell lymphomas (EATL), are rare peripheral T‐cell lymphomas. They are associated with poor survival outcomes, in part because of their late diagnosis. Although MEITLs may be reliably diagnosed based on histological and immunophenotypic findings, overlaps with other NK/T and T‐cell lymphomas may confound the diagnosis. The distinctive high‐level nuclear staining of the novel marker Megakaryocyte‐associated tyrosine kinase (MATK) in MEITLs is an invaluable tool in distinguishing MEITL from classical EATL and other NK/T or T‐cell lymphomas. 18‐Fluorine‐2‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F‐FDG PET) has been shown to be a useful tool in the staging and follow‐up of aggressive lymphomas. Herein, we describe an unusual case of occult hepatic recurrence of MEITL that was non‐avid on 18F‐FDG PET, in which diagnosis was confirmed based on the expression of MATK in tumour cells. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Access and latency to first antipsychotic treatment in Italian patients with schizophrenia and other schizophrenic spectrum disorders across different epochs
Authors: Palazzo Maria Carlotta , Arici Chiara , Dell'Osso Bernardo , Cremaschi Laura , Grancini Benedetta , Camuri Giulia , Benatti Beatrice , Oldani Lucio , Dobrea Cristina , Cattaneo Alma , Altamura Alfredo Carlo 
Published: March 2016

BackgroundThe duration of untreated illness (DUI) is a measure to express the latency to first psychopharmacological treatment: it differs among psychiatric disorders, being influenced by several illness‐intrinsic and environmental factors. The present study aimed to assess differences in DUI and related variables in patients with schizophrenia (SKZ) versus other schizophrenic spectrum disorders (SSDs) across different epochs.Methods101 SKZ or SSD patients were assessed with respect to DUI and related variables through clinical interview and questionnaire.ResultsPatients with SKZ showed earlier ages of onset, first diagnosis and first antipsychotic treatment compared with patients with other SSDs (F = 11.02, p < 0.001; F = 12.68, p < 0.001; F = 13.74, p < 0.001, respectively) who showed an earlier access to benzodiazepines than SKZ patients (F = 6.547; p < 0.05). Dividing the total sample by the epoch of onset (before 1978; between 1978–2000; after 2000) showed a significantly later age of onset in patients with onset within the two most recent epochs (F = 7.46; p < 0.001) and a reduced DUI across epochs (from 144 to 41 to 20 months, on average; F = 11.78, p < 0.001).ConclusionSchizophrenic patients showed earlier onset and longer DUI compared with patients with other SSDs. Data on the total sample showed a later age of onset and a reduced DUI across epochs. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparing the effects of MSCs and CD34+ cell therapy in a rat model of myocardial infarction
Authors: Shalaby Sally M. , El‐Shal Amal S. , Zidan Haidy E. , Mazen Nehad F. , Abd El‐Haleem Manal R. , Abd El Motteleb Dalia M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractStem cell therapy is considered as a promising approach in the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI). This study was designed as a comparison of human umbilical cord blood (HUCB)‐derived CD34+ and HUCB‐derived MSCs for the repair of cardiac tissue by induction of the angiogenesis. Forty‐eight male rats were randomized into four groups: sham‐operated group, MI group, MSCs‐treated group, and CD34+ cells‐treated group. After 4 weeks, the rats were sacrificed. All sections from left ventricles of all groups were subjected to hematoxylin & eosin, Masson's trichrome, and immunohistochemical stains (CD133, CD44, and α‐smooth muscle actin). RNA was extracted for gene expression of the angiogenic markers. A significant reduction of the infarct size and the amplitude of T‐wave in the CD34+ cells‐treated group when compared with the MSCs‐treated group were determined. Histologically, the MI group showed scar tissue, congested blood capillaries around the infarcted area, some necrotic cells, and inflammatory cells. Administration of either MSCs or CD34+ cells had a therapeutic potential to induce regenerative changes in the myocardium with better results in CD34+cells‐treated group. Quantitative RT‐PCR analysis revealed a significant increase in the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGFR‐2, Ang‐1, and Tie‐2 and a significant decreased expression of Ang‐2 in stem cells transplanted groups when compared with the noncell transplanted hearts. A significant increase of VEGF, VEGFR‐2, Ang‐1, and Tie‐2 expression in the group receiving CD34+ cells than those receiving MSCs was found. Finally, there was an upregulation of both human VEGF and human hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α in the infarcted hearts treated by CD34+ cells than that treated by MSCs. We first revealed a superior efficacy of CD34+ cells when compared with MSCs in induction of regenerative changes in the MI model. Both cell therapies may repair the damaged heart tissue primarily by secretion of proangiogenic factors that induce the angiogenesis and activate the angiogenesis signaling pathway. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 68(5):343–354, 2016
Effect of solids loading and solvent type on the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose
Authors: Brodeur Gary , Yau Elizabeth , Collier John , Telotte John , Ramakrishnan Subramanian 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDSolvent based pretreatment of biomass followed by enzymatic hydrolysis (in the presence of the solvent – ‘in situ hydrolysis’) is an attractive route to develop a biorefinery concept since it reduces a number of washing steps to remove the solvent and saves energy. This work explores the ability of the commercial ‘lyocell’ solvent ‐ N‐methyl Morpholine N‐Oxide (NMMO) for ‘in situ’ hydrolysis at high cellulose loadings and compares its hydrolysis performance with commercially available ionic liquids (ILs).RESULTSNMMO is able to dissolve high loadings of cellulose which on subsequent in situ enzymatic hydrolysis results in not only an increased sugar yield (∼30 mg mL−1) but also an enhanced rate of hydrolysis (12.24 mg mL−1 h−1). In addition, a comparative study of hydrolysis in the presence of NMMO and ILs reveals the fact that hydrolysis in NMMO produces the highest sugar yields when compared with ILs.CONCLUSIONThis study thus establishes the effectiveness of NMMO as a pretreatment solvent – it is an excellent solvent for disrupting the microstructure and dissolving high loadings of cellulose, and hydrolysis reactions can be carried out in the presence of NMMO since enzymes are active in its presence. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Cattle grazing and grassland birds in the northern tallgrass prairie
Authors: Ahlering Marissa A. , Merkord Christopher L. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTWith the loss of over 70% of North America's grasslands (Samson et al. 2004), grassland birds increasingly rely on habitat that is privately owned and managed for livestock production. Therefore, it is critical to understand how livestock grazing influences grassland bird abundance and community structure. We evaluated the response of 4 obligate grassland bird species to grazing intensity, vegetation structure, ecological site description, and burning across a landscape including pastures with no recent grazing to pastures experiencing grazing intensities similar to that for private livestock production operations. We evaluated models using a binomial N‐mixture model implemented in the R package unmarked. Overall, 3 of the 4 obligate species included positive relationships with grazing intensity in the top abundance model (i.e., grasshopper sparrow [Ammodramus savannarum], bobolink [Dolichonyx oryzivorus], and upland sandpiper [Bartramia longicauda]), suggesting the range of grazing intensities evaluated (0–4.57 animal months/ha) did not negatively affect the abundance of these species. Marbled godwit (Limosa fedoa) abundance, however, was higher with greater variability in litter depth but was not directly related to grazing intensity. Finally, the effect of year was correlated with decreasing precipitation over the course of the study and had the greatest influence on community composition with some community separation by grazing intensity. Our results suggest that cattle grazing can positively influence the abundance of some grassland bird species but annual variation in weather patterns can influence community composition at sites regardless of management decisions. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
Assessing spring direct mortality to avifauna from wind energy facilities in the Dakotas
Authors: Graff Brianna J. , Jenks Jonathan A. , Stafford Joshua D. , Jensen Kent C. , Grovenburg Troy W. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTThe Northern Great Plains (NGP) contains much of the remaining temperate grasslands, an ecosystem that is one of the most converted and least protected in the world. Within the NGP, the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) provides important habitat for >50% of North America's breeding waterfowl and many species of shorebirds, waterbirds, and grassland songbirds. This region also has high wind energy potential, but the effects of wind energy developments on migratory and resident bird and bat populations in the NGP remains understudied. This is troubling considering >2,200 wind turbines are actively generating power in the region and numerous wind energy projects have been proposed for development in the future. Our objectives were to estimate avian and bat fatality rates for wind turbines situated in cropland‐ and grassland‐dominated landscapes, document species at high risk to direct mortality, and assess the influence of habitat variables on waterfowl mortality at 2 wind farms in the NGP. From 10 March to 7 June 2013–2014, we completed 2,398 searches around turbines for carcasses at the Tatanka Wind Farm (TAWF) and the Edgeley‐Kulm Wind Farm (EKWF) in South Dakota and North Dakota. During spring, we found 92 turbine‐related mortalities comprising 33 species and documented a greater diversity of species (n = 30) killed at TAWF (predominately grassland) than at EKWF (n = 9; predominately agricultural fields). After accounting for detection rates, we estimated spring mortality of 1.86 (SE = 0.22) deaths/megawatt (MW) at TAWF and 2.55 (SE = 0.51) deaths/MW at EKWF. Waterfowl spring (Mar–Jun) fatality rates were 0.79 (SE = 0.11) and 0.91 (SE = 0.10) deaths/MW at TAWF and EKWF, respectively. Our results suggest that future wind facility siting decisions consider avoiding grassland habitats and locate turbines in pre‐existing fragmented and converted habitat outside of high densities of breeding waterfowl and major migration corridors. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
Papain‐Catalyzed Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Telechelic Polypeptides Using Bis(Leucine Ethyl Ester) Initiator
Authors: Tsuchiya Kousuke , Numata Keiji 
Published: March 2016

In order to construct unique polypeptide architectures, a novel telechelic‐type initiator with two leucine ethyl ester units is designed for chemoenzymatic polymerization. Glycine or alanine ethyl ester is chemoenzymatically polymerized using papain in the presence of the initiator, and the propagation occurs at each leucine ethyl ester unit to produce the telechelic polypeptide. The formation of the telechelic polypeptides is confirmed by 1H NMR and MALDI‐TOF mass spectroscopies. It is revealed by AFM observation that long nanofibrils are formed from the telechelic polyalanine, whereas a conventional linear polyalanine with a similar degree of polymerization shows granule‐like structures. The telechelic polyglycine and polyalanine show the crystalline structures of Polyglycine II and antiparallel β‐sheet, respectively. It is demonstrated that this method to synthesize telechelic‐type polypeptides potentially opens up a pathway to construct novel hierarchical structures by self‐assembly.
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Tunable Triple‐Shape Memory Binary Mixtures with High Transition Temperature and Robust Mechanical Properties
Authors: Yang Zenghui , Wang Qihua , Wang Tingmei 
Published: March 2016

High temperature triggered shape memory polymers are currently attracting considerable attention due to their potential applications in the context of harsh environments. Herein, tunable dual‐ and triple‐shape memory binary mixture polyimides with high transition temperatures that may meet some of these requirements are presented. The binary mixtures are prepared by blending two poly (amic acid)s of rodlike poly(benzoxazole‐imide) (PIB) and flexible polyetherimide (PIO), followed by solvent evaporation and thermal imidization. The aggregation structures, thermal mechanical properties, and shape memory behaviors are systematically studied. It is found that dual‐shape memory cycles give excellent shape fixity and recovery of up to 98 and 97%. Moreover, binary mixtures with broad glass transition temperatures endow good triple‐shape memory effects and the shape memory at each step crucially depends on the content of the PIB due to the enhancement of physical crosslinks. Additionally, their thermally tough and mechanically strong properties would suggest wide potential applications of the mixtures.
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