bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The missing link: How is the phantom limb influenced by prosthesis wearing in people with lower-limb amputation?
Authors: Bachini Lisa , Mahé Claire , Touillet Amélie , Loiret Isabelle , Mesure Serge , Bonillo Isabelle , Paysant Jean , De Graaf Jozina B. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Recent therapeutic and technological solutions aim to improve the daily living of people with limb amputation by considering various aspects of the phantom limb, in particular painless phantom sensations (PS) and voluntary phantom movements (VPM).

Objective:
Although previous research has explored these phenomena mostly without considering the prosthesis, this study investigates the influence of prosthesis wearing on painless PS, painful PS, and VPM, in people with lower-limb amputation.

Study Design:
Cross-sectional study based on semi-directed interviews.

Methods:
Semi-directed interviews were conducted with 111 people with major lower-limb amputations. They described their phantom limb without and with the prosthesis, in a static seated position. The influence of the prosthesis wearing on the intensity of painless PS, painful PS, and on VPM ability was classified into 5 categories: disappearance, decrease, modification, increase, and appearance.

Results:
Prosthesis wearing leads mostly to an increase of painless PS intensity (44%), a decrease of painful PS intensity (44%), and an improvement of VPM ability (47%). The study also highlights the richness of prosthesis-related changes, including modifications in phantom limb position, shape, and size. The influence of prosthesis wearing on phantom phenomena was not related to the presence of referred sensations, the amputation etiology, the level of amputation, the time since amputation, or the use of medication, but might be related to the pressure applied by the socket on the residual limb.

Conclusions:
This study provides valuable information on the influence of the prosthesis on PS and may allow for better consideration of this relationship in the context of research, engineering, and rehabilitation.
Distinct Cognitive Trajectories According to Amyloid Positivity in Non-Alzheimer Disease Dementias
Authors: Jang Hyemin , Chun Min Young , Yun Jihwan , Kim Jun Pyo , Kang Sung Hoon , Kim Hee Jin , Na Duk L. , Lee Eun Hye , Shin Daeun , Ham Hongki , Gu Yuna , Kim Chi-Hun , Woo Sook-Young , Seo Sang Won ,   On Behalf of the K-ROAD Study Groups
Published: October 2024

Background
The clinical effects of β-amyloid positivity (Aβ+) on copathologies in various dementias remain relatively underexamined. Thus, the present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and clinical effects of Aβ+ in subcortical vascular cognitive impairment (SVCI) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD).

Patients and Methods
We enrolled SVCI (n = 583), FTD (n = 152), and cognitively unimpaired (CU) participants (n = 1,249) who underwent Aβ PET scans. The odds of having Aβ+ were subsequently compared among the diagnostic groups (CU, SVCI, and FTD) according to age and apolipoprotein E genotype. Additionally, a linear mixed-effects model was used to investigate the effects of Aβ+ on cognitive trajectories in SVCI and FTD.

Results
Compared with CU, the SVCI group had a higher prevalence of Aβ+ in the 75 to 90 years age group (adjusted odds ratio, 1.97; 95% confidence interval, 1.36–2.85; P < 0.001), as well as within the apolipoprotein E ε3/ε3 group (adjusted odds ratio, 1.78; 95% confidence interval, 1.20–2.63; P = 0.001), whereas the FTD group showed no difference in Aβ+ prevalence. Aβ+ was associated with a worse cognitive trajectory in SVCI (adjusted β-coefficient = −0.6424; P < 0.001), but not in FTD.

Conclusions
These findings contribute to our understanding of Aβ biomarker traits in various dementias in Korea.
Post-TACE FDG Accumulation in HCC Surrounding the Liver Parenchyma
Authors: Abe Mirei , Toyama Yoshitaka , Sano Akitoshi , Takanami Kentaro , Takase Kei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
An 80-year-old patient with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) underwent an 18F-FDG PET/CT scan owing to suspected lumbar metastasis identified via a CT scan performed during transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) 2 weeks earlier. The PET scan revealed segmental high uptake in the HCC and surrounding liver parenchyma, where lipiodol deposited during TACE had mostly washed out. The segmental uptake was attributed to TACE-induced inflammatory changes in the liver parenchyma around the HCC, confirmed by reduced uptake in a follow-up 18F-FDG PET/CT scan 4 months later. This highlights the need to differentiate between inflammation and viable HCC in post-TACE 18F-FDG PET/CT evaluations.
A Rare Case of Osteoid Osteoma of the Medial Cuneiform Bone at Tibialis Anterior Insertion Confirmed by Bone Scan SPECT/CT
Authors: Sahafi Pegah , Sadeghi Ramin , Mousavian Alireza 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A 34-year-old man presented with progressive foot pain that was initially on the medial soft tissue but eventually localized to the medial side of midfoot. Despite undergoing various imaging tests and conservative treatments over 2 years, the patient remained undiagnosed. After 6 months, soft tissue and bone involvement were observed on the medial cuneiform. A needle biopsy was inconclusive. Since bone tumor is rare in the medial cuneiform, the patient was referred to our department for 99mTc-MDP bone scan. The imaging and clinical findings suggested osteoid osteoma as the likely diagnosis, which was confirmed as intraarticular nidus under tibialis anterior attachment, after surgical resection and pathological examination.
Solitary Peritoneal Metastasis in Case of Osteosarcoma Detected by FDG PET/CT
Authors: Subedi Ujjwal , Mahdi Raza Abbas , Mittal Bhagwant Rai , Singh Harmandeep , Kumar Rajender , Bachhal Vikas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Primary osteosarcomas predominantly originate in the metaphyseal region of long bones. The introduction of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging has revealed unusual and often rare sites of metastatic spread. Peritoneal deposits in osteosarcoma are not a commonly reported finding in the literature. The present case highlights the 18F-FDG PET/CT findings in a case of osteosarcoma of the left fibula with isolated peritoneal metastasis with no regional or distant metastases.
18F-FDG PET/CT Finding of Bilateral Breast Relapse in a Male Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patient
Authors: Yao Xilan , Wang Hongrong , Yang Jigang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Extramedullary relapse with involvement of the breasts by acute lymphoblastic leukemia is rare. Herein, we report a case of bilateral breast relapse of acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia in a man detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT. After systematic therapy, follow-up PET/CT showed a complete response of the bilateral breasts and the axillary lymph nodes.
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Authors: Amri Amine , BENAISSA Elmostafa , BENLAHLOU Yassine , BSAIBIS Fatna , MALEB Adil , CHADLI Mariama , ELOUENASS Mostafa 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
Despite the introduction 40 years ago of effective and low-cost treatment for tuberculosis, morbidity and mortality from this disease remain substantial worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 10.6 million people contracted tuberculosis, with 1.3 million deaths in 2022. The increasing number of multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis raises concerns
Materials and Methods :
This is a retrospective study conducted at the Bacteriology Department of Mohammed V Military Instruction Hospital over a period of 3 years. Data were collected via the laboratory information system. Clinical samples underwent treatment using both conventional bacteriological methods and molecular techniques. The study of resistance to major anti-tuberculosis drugs was performed using the reverse hybridization technique, specifically the HAIN method (GenoType® MTBDRplus by Hain Lifescience). Statistical analysis of the data was carried out using Excel software

Results :

The study involved 464 patients treated for pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis, including both new cases and those previously treated with positive cultures. The mean age of the patients was 42.2 years, with a range from 8 to 88 years. There was a predominance of males at 74%, with a sex ratio of 2.8. Pulmonary sputum samples accounted for 84.8% of the cases, whereas extrapulmonary samples representedonly15.2% , the positivity rates for direct examination and culture across all samples were74%and100%,respectively.Isoniazid resistance had a prevalence of 9% (43/464). Genetic mutations observed indicated that 63% of the clinical isolates resistant to INH had mutations in the KATG gene, while 37% had mutations in the inhA gene
Conclusion :
The increasing prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains resistant to one or more first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs necessitates regular epidemiological surveillance to limit the spread of these strains in the general population
Development and clinical evaluation of a monkeypox antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic test
Authors: Kurosawa Nobuyuki , Ozawa Tatsuhiko , Ozawa Kousei , Shimojima Masayuki , Kawahara Madoka , Kasuya Fumi , Okada Wakaba , Nagashima Mami , Sadamasu Kenji , Itamochi Masae , Tani Hideki , Morinaga Yoshitomo , Yuhara Kosuke , Okamoto Jun , Ichikawa Haruna , Kawahata Takashi , Yamazaki Tomomi , Isobe Masaharu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo address the global emergence of monkeypox after the 2022 epidemic, a rapid and accurate diagnostic tool is needed at the point of care to identify individuals infected with monkeypox virus (MPXV) to prevent and control the spread of the virus. We designed an antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic test that exclusively detects MPXV without cross-reacting with the vaccinia virus by developing monoclonal antibodies against the MPXV nuclear capsid protein A5L (MPXV-A5L). The test established a limit of detection sensitivity of 0.5 ng/mL of MPXV-A5L, with high sensitivity (87%) for clinical specimens collected from MPXV patients, a qPCR cycle threshold value ≤ 25 and 100% specificity for qPCR-negative samples. The test is an ideal rapid diagnostic tool for supporting clinical decision-making for people suspected of having MPXV infection in resource-poor settings.
Enhancing the versatility of photocrosslinkable silk fibroin using an eco-friendly solvent
Authors: Brooks Anne Katherine , Yadavalli Vamsi K. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSilk fibroin (SF), known for its biocompatibility and versatility, has been widely studied in tissue engineering and biomedical devices. The modification of silk fibroin with photoreactive groups has been used to create novel biomaterials that undergo a liquid-to-solid transition upon exposure to light, enabling precise control over structure formation, pore geometry, and degradation. This advancement of photofibroin (PF) has been shown for the biofabrication of hydrogels, 3D scaffolds, and micro-patterned surfaces suitable for biomedical applications, including tissue scaffolds and bioelectronics. Here, we present a further improvement using a water based ternary solvent of calcium chloride-ethanol-water (Ajisawa reagent (AR)), to dissolve photofibroin, offering a sustainable alternative to previously used organic solvents. PF in AR is shown to be compatible with various light-based manufacturing techniques including soft lithography, photolithography, and 3D printing, enabling the fabrication of multiscale structures with high fidelity. The gels formed demonstrate excellent cytocompatibility, supporting cell adhesion and growth without additional coatings, making them ideal for regenerative medicine. The integration of conductive polymers, such as PEDOT:PSS as a 3D printable conducting gel opens possibilities for bioelectronics. The research represents a significant step forward in employing the versatile photofibroin as a sustainable, high-performance biomaterial for diverse applications.
Engineered Age-Mimetic Breast Cancer Models Reveal Differential Drug Responses in Young and Aged Microenvironments
Authors: Yang Jun , Hawthorne Lauren , Stack Sharon , Blagg Brian , Ali Aktar , Zorlutuna Pinar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAging is one of the most significant risk factors for breast cancer. With the growing interests in the alterations of the aging breast tissue microenvironment, it has been identified that aging is related to tumorigenesis, invasion, and drug resistance. However, current pre-clinical disease models often neglect the impact of aging and sometimes result in worse clinical outcomes. In this study, we utilized aged animal-generated materials to create and validate a novel age-mimetic breast cancer model that generates an aging microenvironment for cells and alters cells towards a phenotype found in the aged environment. Furthermore, we utilized the age-mimetic models for 3D breast cancer invasion assessment and high-throughput screening of over 700 drugs in the FDA-approved drug library. We identified 36 potential effective drug targets and 34 potential drug targets with different drug responses in different age groups, demonstrating the potential of this age-mimetic breast cancer model for further in-depth breast cancer studies and drug development.
Can artificial intelligence diagnose seizures based on patients’ descriptions? A study of GPT-4
Authors: Ford Joseph , Pevy Nathan , Grunewald Richard , Howell Steve , Reuber Markus 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionGeneralist large language models (LLMs) have shown diagnostic potential in various medical contexts. However, there has been little work on this topic in relation to epilepsy. This paper aims to test the performance of an LLM (OpenAI’s GPT-4) on the differential diagnosis of epileptic and functional/dissociative seizures (FDS) based on patients’ descriptions.MethodsGPT-4 was asked to diagnose 41 cases of epilepsy (n=16) or FDS (n=25) based on transcripts of patients describing their symptoms. It was first asked to perform this task without being given any additional training examples (‘zero-shot’) before being asked to perform it having been given one, two, and three examples of each condition (one-, two, and three-shot). As a benchmark, three experienced neurologists were also asked to perform this task without access to any additional clinical information.ResultsIn the zero-shot condition, GPT-4’s average balanced accuracy was 57% (κ: .15). Balanced accuracy improved in the one-shot condition (64%, κ: .27), though did not improve any further in the two-shot (62%, κ: .24) or three-shot (62%, κ: .23) conditions. Performance in all four conditions was worse than the average balanced accuracy of the experienced neurologists (71%, κ: .41).SignificanceAlthough its ‘raw’ performance was poor, GPT-4 showed noticeable improvement having been given just one example of a patient describing epilepsy and FDS. Giving two and three examples did not further improve performance, but more elaborate approaches (e.g. more refined prompt engineering, fine-tuning, or retrieval augmented generation) could unlock the full diagnostic potential of LLMs.
Pseudomonasintra-genus competition determines protective function of SynComs in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Amrhein Anton , Hacquard Stéphane , Heintz-Buschart Anna , Wippel Kathrin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe plant root microbiota is crucial for nutrient acquisition, development, and disease suppression. Although commensal bacteria display host preference, their beneficial impact on their cognate host and mechanisms of species selection by the plant are still unclear. We use bacterial culture collections derived from the two model speciesArabidopsis thaliana(At) andLotus japonicus(Lj) to design synthetic communities (SynComs) and test their protective function upon exposure ofAtCol-0 to the detrimental root-colonizingPseudomonasisolate R401.Lj-derived SynComs were fully protective, whereasAt-derived SynComs displayed full protective activity only towards a R401 mutant impaired in the production of inhibitory exometabolites. The protective phenotypes were associated with a reduced titer of the R401 opportunistic pathogen.In vitroantagonist assays,in plantaandin vitrobacterial community profiling, as well as strain-swapping and strain-dropout experiments revealed that competition among commensalPseudomonasstrains and R401 determines the success of the opportunist, independent of the original host or the phylogeny of the commensals. Furthermore, we determine the carbon utilization potential of these isolates, which may explain the competition with the detrimental strain and the role of host-secreted compounds. Our results provide evidence that intra-genus interactions within SynComs modulate plant health and disease, and that an individual beneficial strain can be sufficient to outcompete an opportunistic relative. This has implications for the successful development of beneficial microbial consortia for agriculture.
Temporal dynamics and readout latency in perception and iconic memory
Authors: Matić Karla , Tafech Issam , König Peter , Haynes John-Dylan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFollowing the offset of complex visual stimuli, rich stimulus information remains briefly available to the observer, reflecting a rapidly decaying iconic memory trace. Traditionally, iconic memory decay is assumed to begin with stimulus offset. Instead, here we found that available information begins decaying already when cues are presented in the final stage of stimulus presentation. Using closely spaced (“micro-timed”) readout cues and a theoretical model of information availability, we observed that a cue has to be presented around 10-30 milliseconds before stimulus offset in order to access the full sensory information. We suggest that this does not reflect an early loss in sensory encoding, but instead it is a consequence of a latency in the processing of the cue which postpones the readout of the sensory representation by 10-30 milliseconds. Our analysis also shows that spatial proximity of items in complex arrays impacts sensory representation during both perceptual encoding and initial memory decay. Overall, these results provide a theoretical and empirical characterization of the readout from visual representations, and offer a detailed insight into the transition from perception into iconic memory.
Empirically establishing drug exposure records directly from untargeted metabolomics data
Authors: Zhao Haoqi Nina , Kvitne Kine Eide , Brungs Corinna , Mohan Siddharth , Charron-Lamoureux Vincent , Bittremieux Wout , Tang Runbang , Schmid Robin , Lamichhane Santosh , El Abiead Yasin , Andalibi Mohammadsobhan S. , Mannochio-Russo Helena , Ambre Madison , Avalon Nicole E. , Bryant MacKenzie , Caraballo-Rodríguez Andrés Mauricio , Maya Martin Casas , Chin Loryn , Ellis Ronald J. , Franklin Donald , Girod Sagan , Gomes Paulo Wender P , Hansen Lauren , Heaton Robert , Iudicello Jennifer E. , Jarmusch Alan K. , Khatib Lora , Letendre Scott , Magyari Sarolt , McDonald Daniel , Mohanty Ipsita , Cumsille Andrés , Moore David J. , Rajkumar Prajit , Ross Dylan H. , Sapre Harshada , Shahneh Mohammad Reza Zare , Thomas Sydney P. , Tribelhorn Caitlin , Tubb Helena M. , Walker Corinn , Wang Crystal X. , Xing Shipei , Zemlin Jasmine , Zuffa Simone , Wishart David S. , Kaddurah-Daouk Rima , Wang Mingxun , Raffatellu Manuela , Zengler Karsten , Pluskal Tomáš , Xu Libin , Knight Rob , Tsunoda Shirley M. , Dorrestein Pieter C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDespite extensive efforts, extracting information on medication exposure from clinical records remains challenging. To complement this approach, we developed the tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) based GNPS Drug Library. This resource integrates MS/MS data for drugs and their metabolites/analogs with controlled vocabularies on exposure sources, pharmacologic classes, therapeutic indications, and mechanisms of action. It enables direct analysis of drug exposure and metabolism from untargeted metabolomics data independent of clinical records. Our library facilitates stratification of individuals in clinical studies based on the empirically detected medications, exemplified by drug-dependent microbiota-derivedN-acyl lipid changes in a cohort with human immunodeficiency virus. The GNPS Drug Library holds potential for broader applications in drug discovery and precision medicine.
A resource efficient, high-dose neurorehabilitation program for chronic stroke at home
Authors: Arbuckle Spencer A. , Knill Anna Sophie , Rozanski Gabriela , Chan-Cortés Michelle , Ford Anastasia Elena , Derungs Louis T. , Putrino David , Tosto-Mancuso Jenna , Branscheidt Meret 
Published: October 2024

Accumulating evidence and medical guidelines recommend high-dose neurorehabilitation for recovery after stroke. Unfortunately, most patients receive a fraction of this dose, with therapist availability and costs of delivery being major implementational barriers. To explore a potential solution, we conducted a retrospective analysis of a real-world enhanced clinical service that used gamified self-training technologies at home under remote therapist supervision.Data from 17 patients who completed a 12-18 week full-body, high-dose neurorehabilitation program entirely at home were analyzed. Program delivery relied on patients independently training (asynchronously) with the MindMotion GO gamified-therapy solution. Accompanying telerehabilitation sessions with a therapist occurred weekly while therapists used a web application to monitor and manage the program remotely.Patients maintained high training adherence throughout and reached an average total Active Training Time—a measure more closely reflecting delivered versus scheduled dose—of 39.7±21.4 hours, with the majority (82.2±10.8%) delivered asynchronously. Patients improved in both upper-limb (Fugl-Meyer, +6.4±5.1;p<0.01) and gait and balance measures (Functional Gait Assessment, +3.1±2.6;p<0.01; Berg Balance Scale, +6.1±4.4;p<0.01). Most experienced subjective improvements in physical abilities and overall satisfaction. Per-patient therapist costs approximated 338 USD, representing a resource-efficient alternative to delivering the same dose in-person (1903 USD).This work demonstrates effective high-dose neurorehabilitation delivery via gamified therapy technologies at home and shows that training time can be successfully decoupled from therapist-presence without compromising adherence, outcomes, or patient satisfaction. Given growing concerns over therapist availability and increasing health care costs, this resource-efficient approach can help achieve medical guidelines and complement existing clinic-based approaches.