bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and estimation of entry games under symmetry of unobservables
Authors: Zhou Yu 
Published: September 2024

SummaryThis paper provides a new point identification and estimation method for two-player entry games with complete information, based on symmetry of unobservables. Neither equilibrium selection nor parametric distributional assumptions are required. In addition, a weaker support condition is used relative to the existing literature. Unlike other semiparametric estimators, the estimator proposed here is $\sqrt{n}$-consistent. A test of the required symmetry condition is provided. Monte Carlo evidence shows that the estimator performs well with moderate sample sizes, and is robust to unimodal and multimodal error distributions. The estimator is applied to an entry game of discount retailers. The results suggest that researchers should apply the normality assumption with caution.
Reversible complete left bundle branch block and a wide QRS complex following administration of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor and volume reduction in a patient with systolic heart failure: a case report
Authors: Takenaka Masaki , Yanagisawa Satoshi , Yoshida Yukihiko , Inden Yasuya , Murohara Toyoaki 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Guidelines recommend optimal medical therapy before cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) implantation. Herein, we report the potential effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) in improving the QRS duration and volume reduction in a patient with complete left bundle branch block (CLBBB) and reduced cardiac function.

Case summary
A 68-year-old man with a history of ischaemic cardiomyopathy and decreased cardiac function had exacerbation of heart failure (HF) at an outpatient clinic. His QRS duration increased remarkably with a CLBBB of 143 ms on an electrocardiogram, and left ventricular desynchrony was assessed by echocardiography, suggesting an indication of CRT implantation. Administration of an SGLT2i and multimodal treatment for HF stabilized his HF condition and improved the QRS duration and volume reduction thereafter. The CLBBB recovered to incomplete LBBB with a QRS duration of 112 ms on electrocardiography after 6 months. The patient has been stably followed up with continuous medications, including SGLT2i, without requiring CRT implantation or worsening of HF for 12 months.

Discussion
This case presents a unique scenario wherein electrical and mechanical reverse remodelling occurred in a patient with systolic HF and CLBBB, highlighting the potential benefits of SGLT2i in HF management. It may be important to carefully consider CRT indications when seeking other options to treat HF conditions and recognize an unusual phenomenon of reverse LBBB in clinical cases.
Takotsubo syndrome induced by severe hyponatraemia in mineralocorticoid-responsive hyponatraemia of the elderly: a case report
Authors: Asano Fuyuki , Wakatsuki Daisuke , Omura Ayumi , Suzuki Hiroshi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
There are limited reports on mineralocorticoid-responsive hyponatraemia of the elderly (MRHE), a condition that can cause severe hyponatraemia.

Case summary
An 85-year-old woman presented with transient loss of consciousness and nausea likely due to untreated severe hyponatraemia (114 mEq/L). Thirty-nine hours after initial admission, she developed sudden cardiac dysfunction and entered a circulatory collapse state. The patient was diagnosed with Takotsubo syndrome. Her hyponatraemia was an essential feature of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. However, she was clinically hypovolaemic. Therefore, the hyponatraemia was diagnosed as MRHE. The serum sodium level was corrected with 3% hypertonic saline administered at a rate of 10 mL per hour, with careful monitoring to avoid overly rapid correction and prevent osmotic demyelination. After 14 days, her serum sodium level, electrocardiogram findings, and cardiac contractions on echocardiography improved.

Discussion
To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of Takotsubo syndrome induced by severe hyponatraemia resulting from MRHE. The present report shows that acute cardiomyopathy can develop when severe hyponatraemia is not treated within several hours and at least a day. Since patients with MRHE are hypovolaemia statement, avoidance of diuretic drugs and water restriction for the treatment of hyponatraemia should be carefully considered, especially if they have acute cardiac dysfunction. This report highlights the need for prompt management of severe hyponatraemia in elderly patients and calls for further research on MRHE treatment protocols and its link to cardiomyopathy.
Anticoagulation for the prevention of arterial thromboembolism in cancer patients by primary tumour site: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Xu Yan , Mallity Caroline , Collins Erin , Siegal Deborah M , Wang Tzu-Fei , Carrier Marc 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
The incidence of arterial thromboembolism (ATE) among ambulatory cancer patients varies by primary tumour site. However, it is unclear whether this alters the benefit-to-harm profile of prophylactic anticoagulation for ATE prevention. Therefore, we systematically evaluated the efficacy and safety of anticoagulants for ATE prevention among ambulatory cancer patients according to the primary tumour site.

Methods and results
We conducted a systematic review using Medline, Embase, SCOPUS, and CENTRAL, and included randomized trials comparing prophylactic anticoagulation to no anticoagulation among ambulatory cancer patients who initiated tumour-directed systemic therapy. The incidence of symptomatic ATE (acute ischaemic stroke, acute myocardial infarction, or peripheral artery occlusion) and major bleeding, as well as risk differences (RDs) attributable to anticoagulation, were meta-analysed by primary tumour site using random-effects modelling. We included 10 randomized controlled trials with 9875 patients with follow-up ranging from 3.3 to 68 (median 6.6) months. While prophylactic anticoagulation did not reduce ATE risks overall (RD −0.49%; 95% CI −0.49% to 0.01%; I2 = 0%), it conferred a protective effect among pancreatic cancer patients (RD −3.2%; 95%CI −5.7% to −0.8%; I2 = 0%) without a detectable increase in major bleeding (RD −1.4%; 95% CI −4.6% to 1.8%; I2 = 0%). Prophylactic anticoagulation was not associated with ATE risk reduction in other tumour sites.

Conclusion
Based on available evidence, prophylactic anticoagulation did not reduce ATE risk among ambulatory cancer patients overall. However, we observed a lower incidence of ATE among pancreatic cancer patients randomized to receive anticoagulation. Prophylactic anticoagulant use to reduce ATEs in pancreatic cancer should be evaluated in future research.
Cohort profile: the prospective cohort study on the incidence of metabolic diseases and risk factors in Shunde, China (Speed-Shunde cohort)
Authors: Wan Heng , Yao Nanfang , Yang Jingli , Huang Guoqiu , Liu Siyang , Wang Xiao , Lin Xu , Li Zhao , Liu Lingling , Yang Aimin , Liu Lan , Shen Jie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
The objective of this prospective cohort study on the incidence of metabolic diseases and risk factors in Shunde (Speed-Shunde cohort) was to evaluate the incidence of cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic (CKM) syndrome and metabolic-associated multimorbidity, such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in Shunde, Foshan, Guangdong, China. Additionally, the study sought to identify the potential determinants that may impact the development of these conditions and the potential consequences that may result.

Methods and results
In the Speed-Shunde cohort, data were gathered via questionnaires, physical measurements, and laboratory analyses encompassing demographic data, behavioural tendencies, anthropometric assessments, controlled attenuation parameters, and liver stiffness measurement utilizing vibration-controlled transient elastography, as well as serum and urine detection (such as oral 75 g glucose tolerance tests, haemoglobin A1c levels, lipid profiles, liver and renal function tests, urinary microalbumin, and creatinine levels). The baseline data were gathered from October 2021 to September 2022 from over 10 000 Chinese community-based adults and the follow-up surveys would be conducted every 2 or 3 years. Blood and urine samples were obtained and stored for future omics data acquisition. Initial analyses revealed the prevalence and risk factors associated with metabolic-associated multimorbidity.

Conclusions
The Speed-Shunde cohort study is a longitudinal community-based cohort with comprehensive CKM health and metabolic-associated multimorbidity assessment. It will provide valuable insights into these conditions’ development, progression, and interrelationships, potentially informing future prevention and treatment strategies.
How to manage Cushing's disease after failed primary pituitary surgery
Authors: Agrawal Nidhi , Urwyler Sandrine A , Mehta Sonal , Karavitaki Niki , Feelders Richard A 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The first-line treatment for Cushing's disease is transsphenoidal adenomectomy, which can be curative in a significant number of patients. The second-line options in cases of failed primary pituitary surgery include repeat surgery, medical therapy, and radiation. The role for medical therapy has expanded in the last decade, and options include pituitary-targeting drugs, steroid synthesis inhibitors, and glucocorticoid receptor antagonists. Bilateral adrenalectomy is a more aggressive approach, which may be necessary in cases of persistent hypercortisolism despite surgery, medical treatment, or radiation or when rapid normalization of cortisol is needed. We review the available treatment options for Cushing's disease, focusing on the second-line treatment options to consider after failed primary pituitary surgery.
Global burden of cardiovascular diseases: projections from 2025 to 2050
Authors: Chong Bryan , Jayabaskaran Jayanth , Jauhari Silingga Metta , Chan Siew Pang , Goh Rachel , Kueh Martin Tze Wah , Li Henry , Chin Yip Han , Kong Gwyneth , Anand Vickram Vijay , Wang Jiong-Wei , Muthiah Mark , Jain Vardhmaan , Mehta Anurag , Lim Shir Lynn , Foo Roger , Figtree Gemma A , Nicholls Stephen J , Mamas Mamas A , Januzzi James L , Chew Nicholas W S , Richards A Mark , Chan Mark Y 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
The prediction of future trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and their risk factors can assist policy-makers in healthcare planning. This study aims to project geospatial trends in CVDs and their underlying risk factors from 2025 to 2050.

Methods and results
Using historical data on mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study, encompassing the period of 1990 to 2019, Poisson regression was performed to model mortality and DALYs associated with CVD and its associated risk factors from 2025 to 2050. Subgroup analysis was based on GBD super-regions. Between 2025 and 2050, a 90.0% increase in cardiovascular prevalence, 73.4% increase in crude mortality, and 54.7% increase in crude DALYs are projected, with an expected 35.6 million cardiovascular deaths in 2050 (from 20.5 million in 2025). However, age-standardized cardiovascular prevalence will be relatively constant (−3.6%), with decreasing age-standardized mortality (−30.5%) and age-standardized DALYs (−29.6%). In 2050, ischaemic heart disease will remain the leading cause of cardiovascular deaths (20 million deaths) while high systolic blood pressure will be the main cardiovascular risk factor driving mortality (18.9 million deaths). Central Europe, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia super-region is set to incur the highest age-standardized cardiovascular mortality rate in 2050 (305 deaths per 100 000 population).

Conclusion
In the coming decades, the relatively constant age-standardized prevalence of global CVD suggests that the net effect of summative preventative efforts will likely continue to be unchanged. The fall in age-standardized cardiovascular mortality reflects the improvement in medical care following diagnosis. However, future healthcare systems can expect a rapid rise in crude cardiovascular mortality, driven by the ageing global populace. The continued rise in CVD burden will largely be attributed to atherosclerotic diseases.

Registration
Not applicable.
Electrocardiographic and morphological cardiac remodelling in competitive female athletes – a scoping review
Authors: Panhuyzen-Goedkoop Nicole M , van Hattum Juliette C , Beerman Florian E , Verbeek André L M , Goedkoop René J , Malekzadeh Arjan , Peters Ron J G , Jørstad Harald T 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
To quantitatively analyse exercise-induced cardiac remodelling (EICR) data in female athletes.

Methods and results
This scoping review included from the databases Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar, peer-reviewed original English-language articles on female athlete-populations aged ≥18 years containing data on electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiography or cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), and excluded athletes with cardiovascular conditions. From the extracted ECG data, we calculated prevalence percentages, and from the imaging data we compared the results with the upper reference limits of the general female population (URL). We included 31 articles comprising 4896 female athletes, age mean of 22.2 ± 4.6 years. On ECG (n = 889), the most prevalent findings were increased QRS voltages for LV hypertrophy (LVH, n = 97), J-point elevation (JPE, n = 108), and T-wave inversion (TWI, n = 104). On echocardiography (n = 4644), we found increased mean of means BSA-indexed volumes for the LV 67.3 mL/m2 (95%CI, 66.8–67.8; URL = 61) and right ventricle (RV) 82.7 mL/m2 (95%CI, 79.5–86.0; URL = 74), while atrial volumes, septal wall thickness, and LV mass were within the upper reference limits of the general population (URL). On CMR (n = 309), the mean of means volumes of LA (62.0 mL/m2; 95%CI, 58.8–65.2; URL = 61), LV (103.4 mL/m2; 95%CI, 101.8–105.0; URL = 96), and RV (105.3 mL/m2; 95%CI, 103.3–110.6; URL = 107.2) were &gt; URL.

Conclusion
Female athletes demonstrate distinct features of electrical (increased QRS voltages for LVH, JPE, and TWI) and morphological EICR (biventricular dilatation). On CMR, LA was borderline dilated. Extensive studies on female athletes are needed to understand sex-specific EICR.
Mismatch between pollen and pistil size causes asymmetric mechanical reproductive isolation across Phlox species
Authors: Feller Anna F , Burgin Grace , Lewis Nia F , Prabhu Rohan , Hopkins Robin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Characterizing the mechanisms of reproductive isolation between lineages is key to determining how new species are formed and maintained. In flowering plants, interactions between the reproductive organs of the flower—the pollen and the pistil—serve as the last barrier to reproduction before fertilization. As such, these pollen–pistil interactions are both complex and important for determining a suitable mate. Here, we test whether differences in style length (a part of the pistil) generate a postmating prezygotic mechanical barrier between five species of perennial Phlox wildflowers with geographically overlapping distributions. We perform controlled pairwise reciprocal crosses between three species with long styles and two species with short styles to assess crossing success (seed set). We find that the heterospecific seed set is broadly reduced compared to conspecific cross success and reveal a striking asymmetry in heterospecific crosses between species with different style lengths. To determine the mechanism underlying this asymmetric reproductive isolating barrier, we assess pollen tube growth in vivo and in vitro. We demonstrate that pollen tubes of short-styled species do not grow long enough to reach the ovaries of long-styled species. We find that short-styled species also have smaller pollen and that both within- and between-species pollen diameter is highly correlated with pollen tube length. Our results support the hypothesis that the small pollen of short-styled species lacks resources to grow pollen tubes long enough to access the ovaries of the long-styled species, resulting in an asymmetrical, mechanical barrier to reproduction. Such reproductive isolating mechanisms, combined with additional pollen–pistil incompatibilities, may be particularly important for closely related species in geographic proximity that share pollinators.
Phylogenetic diversity of Rhizobium species recovered from nodules of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in fields in Uganda: R. phaseoli, R. etli, and R. hidalgonense
Authors: Aserse Aregu Amsalu , Nimusiima Jean , Tumuhairwe John Baptist , Yli-Halla Markku , Lindström Kristina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A total of 75 bacterial isolates were obtained from nodules of beans cultivated across 10 sites in six agro-ecological zones in Uganda. Using recA gene sequence analysis, 66 isolates were identified as members of the genus Rhizobium, while 9 were related to Agrobacterium species. In the recA gene tree, most Rhizobium strains were classified into five recognized species. Phylogenetic analysis based on six concatenated sequences (recA–rpoB–dnaK–glnII–gyrB–atpD) placed 32 representative strains into five distinct Rhizobium species, consistent with the species groups observed in the recA gene tree: R. phaseoli, R. etli, R. hidalgonense, R. ecuadorense, and R. sophoriradicis, with the first three being the predominant. The rhizobial strains grouped into three nodC subclades within the symbiovar phaseoli clade, encompassing strains from distinct phylogenetic groups. This pattern reflects the conservation of symbiotic genes, likely acquired through horizontal gene transfer among diverse rhizobial species. The 32 representative strains formed symbiotic relationships with host beans, while the Agrobacterium strains did not form nodules and lacked symbiotic genes. Multivariate analysis revealed that species distribution was influenced by the environmental factors of the sampling sites, emphasizing the need to consider these factors in future effectiveness studies to identify effective nitrogen-fixing strains for specific locations.
The updated mouse universal genotyping array bioinformatic pipeline improves genetic QC in laboratory mice
Authors: Blanchard Matthew W , Sigmon John Sebastian , Brennan Jennifer , Ahulamibe Chidima , Allen Michelle E , Ardery Sam , Baric Ralph S , Bell Timothy A , Farrington Joseph , Ciavatta Dominic , Cruz Cisneros Marta C , Drushal Madison , Ferris Martin T , Fry Rebecca C , Gaines Christiann , Gu Bin , Heise Mark T , Hock Pablo , Hodges Richard Austin , Hulgin Mia , Kafri Tal , Lynch Rachel M , Magnuson Terry , Miller Darla R , Murphy Caroline E Y , Nguyen David Truong , Noll Kelsey E , Proulx Megan K , Sassetti Christopher M , Schoenrock Sarah A , Shaw Ginger D , Simon Jeremy M , Smith Clare M , Styblo Miroslav , Tarantino Lisa M , Woo Joyce , Pardo Manuel de Villena Fernando 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The MiniMUGA genotyping array is a popular tool for genetic quality control of laboratory mice and genotyping samples from most experimental crosses involving laboratory strains, particularly for reduced complexity crosses. The content of the production version of the MiniMUGA array is fixed; however, there is the opportunity to improve the array's performance and the associated report's usefulness by leveraging thousands of samples genotyped since the initial description of MiniMUGA. Here, we report our efforts to update and improve marker annotation, increase the number and the reliability of the consensus genotypes for classical inbred strains and substrains, and increase the number of constructs reliably detected with MiniMUGA. In addition, we have implemented key changes in the informatics pipeline to identify and quantify the contribution of specific genetic backgrounds to the makeup of a given sample, remove arbitrary thresholds, include the Y Chromosome and mitochondrial genome in the ideogram, and improve robust detection of the presence of commercially available substrains based on diagnostic alleles. Finally, we have updated the layout of the report to simplify the interpretation and completeness of the analysis and added a section summarizing the ideogram in table format. These changes will be of general interest to the mouse research community and will be instrumental in our goal of improving the rigor and reproducibility of mouse-based biomedical research.
Gastric residual volume, safety, and effectiveness of drinking 250 mL of glucose solution 2–3 hours before surgery in gastric cancer patients: a multicenter, single-blind, randomized–controlled trial
Authors: Yang Dongjie , Hou Xun , Fu Huafeng , Song Wu , Dong Wenqing , Wang Hu , Mao Yuantian , Li Mengbin , Chen Junqiang , He Yulong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Carbohydrate drinking 2–3 hours before surgery has been widely adopted in colorectal operations. However, there is little direct evidence regarding its application in gastric cancer surgery. We aimed to evaluate the gastric residual volume, safety, and effectiveness of drinking 250 mL of 5% glucose solution 2–3 hours before elective gastric cancer surgery.

Methods
We conducted an investigator-initiated, multicenter, randomized–controlled, parallel group, and equivalence trial. Eighty-eight patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were randomized into study or control group. Patients in the control group followed the traditional routine of 6–8 hours preoperative fasting, while those in the study group drank 250 mL of 5% glucose solution 2–3 hours before surgery. Immediately following tracheal intubation, gastric contents were aspirated through gastroscopy. The primary outcome was preoperative gastric residual volume.

Results
Eighty-three patients were eventually analysed in the study (42 in the study group and 41 in the control group). Two groups were comparable at baseline characteristics. There were no statistical differences in residual gastric fluid volumes (35.86 ± 27.13 vs 27.70 ± 20.37 mL, P = 0.135) and pH values (2.81 ± 1.99 vs 2.66 ± 1.68, P = 0.708) between the two groups. Preoperative discomfort was significantly more decreased in the study group than in the control group (thirst score: 1.49 ± 1.23 vs 4.14 ± 2.07, P &lt; 0.001; hunger score: 1.66 ± 1.18 vs 3.00 ± 2.32, P = 0.007). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of postoperative complications (19.05% vs 17.07%, P = 0.815).

Conclusions
Drinking 250 mL of 5% glucose solution 2–3 hours before surgery in elective gastric cancer patients shows benefits in lowering thirst and hunger scores without increasing gastric residual volume and perioperative complications.
Endoscopic ultrasound in portal hypertension: navigating venous hemodynamics and treatment efficacy
Authors: Dragomir Irina , Pojoga Cristina , Hagiu Claudia , Seicean Radu , Procopet Bogdan , Seicean Andrada 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPortal hypertension-related complications increase mortality in patients, irrespective of its etiology. Classically, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) was used to assess the portal venous system and collaterals, considering size and hemodynamic parameters, which correlate with portal hypertension (PH) and related complications. Furthermore, therapeutic EUS guides treatment interventions, such as embolization of the gastric varices through coil placement and tissue adhesive injection, yielding encouraging clinical results. Recently, the direct measurement of portal pressure, emerging as an alternative to hepatic venous pressure gradient, has shown promise, and further research in this area is anticipated. In this review, we aimed to provide a detailed description of various possibilities for diagnosing vascular anatomy and hemodynamics in PH and actual knowledge on the EUS usefulness for PH vessel-related complications. Also, future promises for this field of endo-hepatology are discussed.