bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probability of cancer in high‐risk patients predicted by the protein‐based lung cancer biomarker panel in China: LCBP study
Authors: Yang Dawei , Zhang Xiaoju , Powell Charles A. , Ni Jun , Wang Bin , Zhang Jianya , Zhang Yafei , Wang Lijie , Xu Zhihong , Zhang Li , Wu Guoming , Song Yong , Tian Wenhua , Hu Jia‐an , Zhang Yong , Hu Jie , Hong Qunying , Song Yuanlin , Zhou Jian , Bai Chunxue 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUNDThe authors built a model for lung cancer diagnosis previously based on the blood biomarkers progastrin‐releasing peptide (ProGRP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), and cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21‐1). In the current study, they examined whether modification of the model to include relevant clinical information, risk factors, and low‐dose chest computed tomography screening would improve the performance of the biomarker panel in large cohorts of Chinese adults.METHODSThe current study was a large‐scale multicenter study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01928836) performed in a Chinese population. A total of 715 participants were enrolled from 5 regional centers in Beijing, Henan, Nanjing, Shanghai, and Chongqing between October 2012 and February 2014. Serum biomarkers ProGRP, CEA, SCC, and CYFRA21‐1 were analyzed on the ARCHITECT i2000SR. Relevant clinical information was collected and used to develop a patient risk model and a nodule risk model.RESULTSThe resulting patient risk model had an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.7037 in the training data set and 0.7190 in the validation data set. The resulting nodule risk model had an area under the ROC curve of 0.9151 in the training data set and 0.5836 in the validation data set. Moreover, the nodule risk model had a relatively higher area under the ROC curve (0.9151 vs 0.8360; P = 0.001) compared with the American College of Chest Physician model in patients with lung nodules.CONCLUSIONSBoth the patient risk model and the nodule risk model, developed for the early diagnosis of lung cancer, demonstrated excellent discrimination, allowing for the stratification of patients with different levels of lung cancer risk. These new models are applicable in high‐risk Chinese populations. Cancer 2018;124:262‐70. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Enhancing Photocurrent Generation in Photosynthetic Reaction Center‐Based Photoelectrochemical Cells with Biomimetic DNA Antenna
Authors: Carey Anne‐Marie , Zhang HaoJie , Liu Minghui , Sharaf Daiana , Akram Natalie , Yan Hao , Lin Su , Woodbury Neal W. , Seo Dong‐Kyun 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThree‐ to four‐times higher performance of biohybrid photoelectrochemical cells with photosynthetic reaction centers (RC) has been achieved by using a DNA‐based biomimetic antenna. Synthetic dyes Cy3 and Cy5 were chosen and strategically placed in the anntena in such a way that they can collect additional light energy in the visible region of the solar spectrum and transfer it to RC through Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). The antenna, a DNA templated multiple dye system, is attached to each Rhodobacter sphaeroides RC near the primary donor, P, to facilitate the energy transfer process. Excitation with a broad light spectrum (approximating sunlight) triggers a cascade of excitation energy transfer from Cy3 to Cy5 to P, and also directly from Cy5 to P. This additional excitation energy increases the RC absorbance cross‐section in the visible and thus the performance of the photoelectrochemical cells. DNA‐based biomimetic antennas offer a tunable, modular light‐harvesting system for enhancing RC solar coverage and performance for photoelectrochemical cells.
Imidazolium Ions with an Alcohol Substituent for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2
Authors: Zhang Lin , Wu Nian , Zhang Jichen , Hu Yang , Wang Zhiyong , Zhuang Lin , Jin Xianbo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractElectrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO is an attractive process for carbon capture and energy regeneration. Imidazolium ionic liquids (IMILs) are promising electrolyte catalytically active additives for this important reaction. Herein, we report functionalizing the imidazolium ion with a propanol substituent at the N site can significantly enhance the catalytic activity of IMILs, causing a positive shift of the onset potential for the CO2 reduction by about 90 mV in an acetonitrile electrolyte. Theoretical calculations indicated that the propanol hydroxyl could bridge a local hydrogen‐bonding chain as shortcut for proton transfer, leading to a dramatic decrease of the activation barrier for the catalytic reduction of CO2 in IMIL.
Influence of combined iron supplementation and simulated hypoxia on the haematological module of the athlete biological passport
Authors: Garvican‐Lewis Laura A. , Vuong Victor L. , Govus Andrew D. , Schumacher Yorck Olaf , Hughes David , Lovell Greg , Eichner Daniel , Gore Christopher J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe integrity of the athlete biological passport (ABP) is underpinned by understanding normal fluctuations of its biomarkers to environmental or medical conditions, for example, altitude training or iron deficiency. The combined impact of altitude and iron supplementation on the ABP was evaluated in endurance‐trained athletes (n = 34) undertaking 3 weeks of simulated live‐high: train‐low (14 h.d‐1, 3000 m). Athletes received either oral, intravenous (IV) or placebo iron supplementation, commencing 2 weeks prior and continuing throughout hypoxic exposure. Venous blood was sampled twice prior, weekly during, and up to 6 weeks after altitude. Individual ABP thresholds for haemoglobin concentration ([Hb]), reticulocyte percentage (%retic), and OFF score were calculated using the adaptive model and assessed at 99% and 99.9% specificity. Eleven athletes returned values outside of the calculated reference ranges at 99%, with 8 at 99.9%. The percentage of athletes exceeding the thresholds in each group was similar, but IV returned the most individual occurrences. A similar frequency of abnormalities occurred across the 3 biomarkers, with abnormal [Hb] and OFF score values arising mainly during‐, and %retic values mainly post‐ altitude. Removing samples collected during altitude from the model resulted in 10 athletes returning abnormal values at 99% specificity, 2 of whom had not triggered the model previously. In summary, the abnormalities observed in response to iron supplementation and hypoxia were not systematic and mostly in line with expected physiological adaptations. They do not represent a uniform weakness in the ABP. Nevertheless, altitude training and iron supplementation should be carefully considered by experts evaluating abnormal ABP profiles.
Prediction of persistent post‐operative pain: Pain‐specific psychological variables compared with acute post‐operative pain and general psychological variables
Authors: Horn‐Hofmann C. , Scheel J. , Dimova V. , Parthum A. , Carbon R. , Griessinger N. , Sittl R. , Lautenbacher S. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundPsychological variables and acute post‐operative pain are of proven relevance for the prediction of persistent post‐operative pain. We aimed at investigating whether pain‐specific psychological variables like pain catastrophizing add to the predictive power of acute pain and more general psychological variables like depression.MethodsIn all, 104 young male patients undergoing thoracic surgery for pectus excavatum correction were studied on the pre‐operative day (T0) and 1 week (T1) and 3 months (T2) after surgery. They provided self‐report ratings (pain‐related: Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale = PASS, Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire = PVAQ; general psychological: Screening for Somatoform Symptoms, State‐Anxiety Inventory‐X1, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale = CES‐D). Additional predictors (T1) as well as criterion variables (T2) were pain intensity (Numerical Rating Scale) and pain disability (Pain Disability Index).ResultsThree months after surgery, 25% of the patients still reported clinically relevant pain (pain intensity ≥3) and over 50% still reported pain‐related disability. Acute post‐operative pain as well as general psychological variables did not allow for a significant prediction of persistent post‐operative pain; in contrast, pain‐related psychological variables did. The best single predictors were PASS for pain intensity and PVAQ for pain disability.ConclusionsPain‐related psychological variables derived from the fear‐avoidance model contributed significantly to the prediction of persistent post‐operative pain. The best possible compilation of these measures requires further research. More general psychological variables may become relevant predictors later in the medical history.SignificanceOur results suggest that pain‐specific psychological variables such as pain anxiety and pain hypervigilance add significantly to the prediction of persistent post‐operative pain and might even outperform established predictors such as acute pain and general psychological variables. Clinicians might benefit from the development of time‐economic screening tools based on these variables.
Critical Impact of Chloride Containing Reference Electrodes on Electrochemical Measurements
Authors: Lämmel C. , Heubner C. , Liebmann T. , Schneider M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractChloride containing reference electrodes, such as various silver‐silver chloride electrodes, are well established in electrochemical analyses. Usually less attention is paid to the influence of potential chloride contamination of electrochemical measurements. Herein, the impact of the chloride leakage rate is studied by means of experiments concerning the anodic oxidation of aluminum. Based on the results, the authors determine critical leakage rates, depending on typical electrolyte volumes and experimental conditions. The results demonstrate that chloride leakage can significantly influence electrochemical measurements, even at ultra‐low leakage rates. A guideline for the usage of chloride containing reference electrodes is deduced from the experimental results and theoretical considerations.
Robust 3D Boron Nitride Nanoscaffolds for Remarkable Hydrogen Storage Capacity from Ammonia Borane
Authors: Salameh Chrystelle , Moussa Georges , Bruma Alina , Fantozzi Gilbert , Malo Sylvie , Miele Philippe , Demirci Umit B. , Bernard Samuel 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMesoporous monolithic (3D) boron nitride (BN) structures are synthesized using a template‐assisted polymer‐derived ceramic route. Polyborazylene is selected to impregnate monolithic activated carbon, which is used as template. After pyrolysis and template removal, this method supplies BN compounds with controlled crystallinity and tunable textural properties controlled by the temperature at which they have been annealed (from 1000 to 1450 °C). Monoliths with an interconnected mesoporous network, high specific surface areas from 584 to 728 m2 g−1, significant pore volumes from 0.75 to 0.93 cm3 g−1, and a relatively high compressive strength are generated. These highly porous compounds are used as nanoscaffolds to confine ammonia borane (AB). The composites provide an effective gravimetric hydrogen capacity of up to 8.1 wt %, based on AB measured at 100 °C; this value demonstrates the high potential of this system as a safe potential hydrogen storage material.
Effects of indole‐3‐butytric acid (IBA) on growth and cadmium accumulation in the accumulator plant Stellaria media
Authors: Lin Lijin , Ma Qianqian , Wang Jin , Lv Xiulan , Liao Ming'an , Xia Hui , Chen Shengxiang , Lai Yunsong , Chen Cheng , Wang Xun , Tang Yi , Liang Dong 
Published: September 2017

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of exogenous indole‐3‐butyric acid (IBA) on the growth and cadmium (Cd) accumulation in the Cd‐accumulator plant Stellaria media. Exogenous IBA was applied as a foliar spray to S. media sddelings growing in Cd‐contaminated soil. Statistical analyses of data were conducted using SPSS 13.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL). Treatment with IBA (50, 75, and 100 mg L−1) increased the root, shoot, and whole plant biomasses of S. media, and also increased the photosynthetic pigment content, antioxidant enzyme activity, soluble protein content, and soluble sugar content of S. media, compared with their respective levels in controls. The maximum values for these parameters were at the 75 mg L−1 IBA treatment. Treatment with 50 mg L−1 IBA increased the Cd content in the roots and shoots of S. media compared with the control. Treatment with 75 mg L−1 IBA increased the amount of Cd extracted by roots and shoots compared with controls. The maximum Cd extraction by roots and shoots was in the 75 mg L−1 IBA treatment. These findings indicated that IBA could promote the growth of S. media, and treatment with 75 mg L−1 IBA effectively could enhance Cd extraction from soil by S. media. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 733–737, 2018
Outage analysis in two‐way communication with RF energy harvesting relay and co‐channel interference
Authors: Ghosh Sutanu , Acharya Tamaghna , Maity Santi P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe study of relays with the scope of energy harvesting (EH) looks interesting as a means of enabling sustainable, wireless communication without the need to recharge or replace the battery driving the relays. However, the reliability of such communication systems becomes an important design challenge when such relays scavenge energy from the information bearing radio‐frequency signals received from the source, using the technique of simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT). To this aim, this work studies bidirectional communication in a decode‐and‐forward (DF) relay–assisted cooperative wireless network in the presence of co‐channel interference (CCI). In order to quantify the reliability of the bidirectional communication systems, a closed‐form expression for the outage probability of the system is derived for both power splitting (PS) and time switching (TS) modes of operation of the relay. Simulation results are used to validate the accuracy of our analytical results and illustrate the dependence of the outage probability on various system parameters, like PS factor, TS factor and distance of the relay from both of the users. The results of performance comparison between PS relaying (PSR) and TS relaying (TSR) schemes are also presented. Besides, simulation results are also used to illustrate the spectral efficiency and the energy efficiency of the proposed system. The results show that, in terms of both spectral efficiency and energy efficiency, the two‐way communication system in the presence of moderate CCI power, performs better than the similar system without CCI. Additionally, it is also found that PSR is superior to TSR protocol in terms of peak energy efficiency.
Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques, Scientific Tourism, and the Global Politics of Science
Authors: Chan Sarah , Palacios‐González César , De Jesús Medina Arellano María 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe United Kingdom is the first and so far only country to pass explicit legislation allowing for the licensed use of the new reproductive technology known as mitochondrial replacement therapy. The techniques used in this technology may prevent the transmission of mitochondrial DNA diseases, but they are controversial because they involve the manipulation of oocytes or embryos and the transfer of genetic material. Some commentators have even suggested that MRT constitutes germline genome modification. All eyes were on the United Kingdom as the most likely location for the first MRT birth, so it was a shock when, on September 27, 2016, an announcement went out that the first baby to result from use of the intervention had already been born. In New York City, United States‐based scientist John Zhang used maternal spindle transfer (one of the recognized MRT methods) to generate five embryos for a woman carrying oocytes with deleterious mutations of the mitochondrial DNA. Zhang then shipped the only euploid embryo to Mexico, where it was transferred to the mother's uterus. Zhang's team's travel across international borders to carry out experimental procedures represents a form of scientific tourism that has not been properly ethically explored; it can, however, have seriously detrimental effects for developing countries.
Liquidity and realized volatility in short‐term interest rate futures in 2008 crisis
Authors: Goss Barry A. , Avsar S. Gulay 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe literature on derivative securities evidently does not contain any empirical studies of liquidity and volatility with high‐frequency data for leading Australian financial futures contracts, during the general financial crisis. Moreover, while the extant literature has studied the liquidity interdependence between spot markets for bonds and equities, the liquidity interdependence between the futures markets for these securities has been neglected. This article, in addressing these deficiencies, estimates the relationship between liquidity and realized volatility, for Australian 90 Day Bank Accepted Bills (BAB) futures (first interest rate futures contract outside USA), with high‐frequency data from the crisis year 2008, and studies the effect of changes in liquidity of S&P200 Index futures on the liquidity of BAB futures. The main results are first, the key variables are positively skewed and leptokurtic. Second, the ask–bid spread for BAB futures varies directly with volatility, which is consistent with a private information interpretation of volatility, which increases asymmetric information costs. Third, the ask–bid spreads for BAB futures and S&P200 futures exhibit positive covariation, which is consistent with the view of commonality in liquidity. The results of this research will be relevant to policymakers, regulators, market participants, educators, and graduate students.
Research on melting and solidification processes for enhanced double tubes with constant wall temperature/wall heat flux
Authors: Ye Wei‐Biao , Guo Hong‐Ju , Huang Si‐Min , Hong Yu‐Xiang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLatent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) improves the energy utilization efficiency between energy supply and energy demand of heating storage in buildings and liquid desiccant air conditioning systems. The present work is focused on validated numerical investigation of the thermal performances of LHTES inside enhanced double tubes. The effects of the number of fins ranging from 2 to 10 and boundary conditions of the inner tube wall on the melting and solidification processes are examined. The results indicate that number of fins and wall boundary conditions play an important role in the thermal performances of LHTES. It is noted that recirculation flow in the liquid phase change material region is formed remarkably. The enhancement ratio for constant wall temperature is more significant than that of constant wall heat flux during the melting process. However, the discrepancy of the enhancement ratio for different inner wall temperatures is limited during the solidification process.
Neural differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with human brain‐derived neurotrophic factor gene‐modified in functionalized self‐assembling peptide hydrogel in vitro
Authors: Luo Hongbin , Xu Changsheng , Liu Zhiwei , Yang Lin , Hong Yunda , Liu Guisheng , Zhong Huifen , Cai Xinyi , Lin Xuping , Chen Xiaokun , Wang Changsheng , Nanwen Zhang , Xu Weihong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the biocompatibility and differentiation of human brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (hBDNF) gene‐modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBDNF‐rMSCs) in a functionalized self‐assembling peptide hydrogel.MethodshBDNF was engineered in rMSCs using adenovirus vector and the enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP) was used as a reporter gene. Mesenchymal stem cell‐specific surface markers (CD90, CD29, and CD45) were used for identifying rat‐derived MSCs. Fluorescence microscope was used to detect the transfection of rMSCs. hBDNF‐rMSCs and control cells (eGFP‐rMSCs) were seeded in a functional self‐assembling peptide hydrogel (RADA16‐PRG hydrogel) and a control hydrogel (RADA16 hydrogel). Cells were divided into three groups (hBDNF‐rMSCs + RADA16 hydrogel, hBDNF‐rMSCs + RADA16‐PRG hydrogel, and eGFP‐rMSCs + RADA16‐PRG hydrogel) and a control group (eGFP‐rMSCs + RADA16 hydrogel). Cell growth, cell proliferation, expression of hBDNF‐mRNA, the level of hBDNF, neuron‐specific enolase (NSE), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) protein were analyzed for each group.ResultsrMSCs were positive for CD90 and CD29 and negative for CD45, green fluorescence was strongly visible at 72 hours after transfection. Compared with control group, the expression of hBDNF‐mRNA and levels of hBDNF protein in both hBDNF group were significantly increased (P < 0.01), the cell growth, cell proliferation, and levels of NSE and GFAP protein were significantly increased in three groups (
P < 0.01). Cell growth, cell proliferation, expression of hBDNF‐mRNA, and levels of hBDNF, NSE, and GFAP protein in hBDNF‐rMSCs + RADA16‐PRG hydrogel group were significantly higher than that of hBDNF‐rMSCs + RADA16 hydrogel group (
P < 0.01).ConclusionBone marrow MSCs can be induced into neural cells by the human brain‐derived neurotrophic factor gene in a RADA16‐PRG functionalized self‐assembling peptide hydrogel.
Drug therapy targeting pyrophosphate slows the ossification of spinal ligaments in twy mice
Authors: Hiratsuka Shigeto , Takahata Masahiko , Shimizu Tomohiro , Hamano Hiroki , Ota Masahiro , Sato Dai , Iwasaki Norimasa 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThe lack of an effective drug therapy against ossification of spinal ligament (OSL) warrants investigation into the therapeutic target of this disease. An endogenous inhibitor of biomineralization, pyrophosphate (PPi) is a potential therapy for ectopic ossification; however, exogenous PPi is rapidly hydrolyzed by tissue non‐specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) present in body fluids. In this study, we examined whether a drug therapy targeting PPi is efficacious for the treatment of OSL using the Enpp1ttw/ttw (twy) mouse model. Twenty male twy mice were randomized into four groups: (i) vehicle (Control); (ii) alkaline phosphatase inhibitor levamisole (5 mg/kg/day sc continuously); (iii) levamisole + exogenous PPi (160 µmol/kg/day sc continuously); and (iv) nuclear retinoic acid receptor‐γ (RARγ) agonist (6 µg/kg sc daily). The RARγ agonist, which is a proven inhibitor of ectopic endochondral ossification, was used as a positive control. Treatments commenced when the mice were 5 weeks of age and continued for 4 weeks. Longitudinal micro‐computed tomography and postmortem histological analysis were performed. Administration of levamisole alone and in combination with PPi increased serum PPi concentration by 17% and 52%, respectively, compared to that in vehicle‐treated mice. The development of OSL in twy mice was suppressed by levamisole + PPi and RARγ agonist treatments, but not by levamisole alone. The levamisole + PPi therapy did not cause osteoporosis, whereas RARγ agonist‐treated mice developed osteoporosis. Treatment of twy mice with levamisole in combination with exogenous PPi increased serum PPi level, which slowed the progression of OSL without producing adverse effect on bone. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1256–1261, 2018.