bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post Hoc Analyses of Randomized Clinical Trial for the Effect of Clopidogrel Added to Aspirin on Kidney Function
Authors: Ikeme Jesse C. , Pergola Pablo E. , Scherzer Rebecca , Shlipak Michael G. , Benavente Oscar R. , Peralta Carmen A. 
Published: April 2017

Background and objectives
Despite the high burden of CKD, few specific therapies are available that can halt disease progression. In animal models, clopidogrel has emerged as a potential therapy to preserve kidney function. The effect of clopidogrel on kidney function in humans has not been established.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
The Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes Study randomized participants with prior lacunar stroke to treatment with aspirin or aspirin plus clopidogrel. We compared annual eGFR decline and incidence of rapid eGFR decline (≥30% from baseline) using generalized estimating equations and interval-censored proportional hazards regression, respectively. We also stratified our analyses by baseline eGFR, systolic BP target, and time after randomization.

Results
At randomization, median age was 62 (interquartile range, 55–71) years old; 36% had a history of diabetes, 90% had hypertension, and the median eGFR was 81 (interquartile range, 65–94) ml/min per 1 m2. Persons receiving aspirin plus clopidogrel had an average annual change in kidney function of −1.39 (95% confidence interval, −1.15 to −1.62) ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year compared with −1.52 (95% confidence interval, −1.30 to −1.74) ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year among persons receiving aspirin only (P=0.42). Rapid kidney function decline occurred in 21% of participants receiving clopidogrel plus aspirin compared with 22% of participants receiving aspirin plus placebo (hazard ratio, 0.94; 95% confidence interval, 0.79 to 1.10; P=0.42). Findings did not vary by baseline eGFR, time after randomization, or systolic BP target (all P values for interaction were >0.3).

Conclusions
We found no effect of clopidogrel added to aspirin compared with aspirin alone on kidney function decline among persons with prior lacunar stroke.
Managing Forest Conflicts: Perspectives of Indonesia’s Forest Management Unit Directors
Authors: Fisher Larry A. , Kim Yeon-Su , Latifah Sitti , Mukarom Madani 
Published: April 2017

Recent expansion of the forestry and plantation sectors in Indonesia has intensified agrarian and natural resource conflicts, and created increased awareness of the social, economic and environmental impacts of these disputes. Addressing these disputes is a critical issue in advancing Indonesia’s commitment to sustainable forest management. The Forest Management Units (Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan, or KPH), have become the pivotal structural element for managing all state forests at the local level, with responsibility for conventional forest management and policy implementation (establishing management boundaries, conducting forest inventory, and developing forest management plans), as well as the legal mandate to communicate and work with indigenous people and local communities. This paper presents the results of a national survey of all currently functioning KPH units, the first of its kind ever conducted with KPH leadership, to obtain a system-wide perspective of the KPHs’ role, mandate, and capacity for serving as effective intermediaries in managing forest conflicts in Indonesia. The survey results show that the KPHs are still in a very initial stage of development, and are struggling with a complex and rapidly evolving policy and institutional framework. The most common conflicts noted by respondents included forest encroachment, tenure disputes, boundary conflicts, and illegal logging and land clearing. KPH leadership views conflict resolution as among their primary duties and functions, and underscored the importance of more proactive and collaborative approaches for addressing conflict, many seeing themselves as capable facilitators and mediators. Overall, these results juxtapose a generally constructive view by KPH leadership over their role and responsibility in addressing forest management conflicts, with an extremely challenging social, institutional, and political setting. The KPHs can certainly play an important role as local intermediaries, and in some cases, as facilitative mediators in resolving local conflicts, but only with a more concerted effort from central and provincial government authorities to provide greater consistency in policies and regulations, improved policy communication, and a sustained commitment to strengthening the capacity of individual KPHs.
Gua Kidang, Hunian Gua Kala Holosen di Das Solo
Authors: Nurani Indah Asikin , Hascaryo Agus Tri 
Published: April 2017

Gua Kidang merupakan hunian manusia prasejarah yang diteliti Balai Arkeologi Yogyakarta sejak tahun 2005 dan masih berlanjut sampai sekarang. Berdasarkan survey permukaan di seluruh kawasan karst Blora, Gua Kidang adalah satu-satunya gua yang layak huni. Hal tersebut didasarkan pada morfologi lahan, sirkulasi sinar matahari, kemiringan, kelembaban, serta temuan permukaan. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk menelusuri dan mengungkap jejak lokasi situs yang menjembatani kesinambungan antara kebudayaan Pleistosen dan Holosen yang masih gelap. Selain itu, menarik untuk dikaji lebih jauh adalah lokasi gua ini dikelilingi situssitus Pleistosen, yang pada hasil penelitian terakhir pada tahun 2013, memberikan titik terang. Metode yang digunakan adalah ekskavasi di Gua Kidang dan analisis terhadap temuan-temuan arkeologis, stratigrafi dan lingkungan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian selama tujuh kali, disimpulkan bahwa Gua Kidang merupakan gua yang intensif dihuni manusia prasejarah dengan tinggalan yang lengkap, berupa artefak, fitur, dan ekofak, serta rangka Homo sapiens.Abstract. Kidang Cave is a habitation of prehistoric people, which has been studied by the Yogyakarta Archaeological Centre since 2005 and still continues until now. A survey over the surface of the karst region of Blora reveals that Kidang Cave is the only habitable cave based on the morphology of the land, circulation of sunlight, slant, humidity, and surface finds. Thisarticle tries to explore and unveil traces of the site location that serves as a chronological bridge of continuity between the Pleistocene and the Holocene cultures, which is still obscure. In addition, it is interesting to note that further study is needed pertaining to the location of the cave, which is surrounded by Pleistocene sites that during the last research in 2013 has shed some light on that matter. The methods employed here are excavation at Kidang Cave and analyses on archaeological finds, stratigraphy, and the environment. Based on results of seven times of researches, it can be concluded that Kidang Cave had been intensively inhabited by prehistoric people and contains wide-ranging finds, which include artifacts, features, and ecofacts, as well as skeletons of Homo sapiens.
Balung Buto dalam Persepsi Masyarakat Sangiran: Antara Mitos dan Fakta
Authors: Handini Retno 
Published: April 2017

Abstrak. Tulisan ini merupakan kajian tentang “balung buto”, sebuah mitos atau kepercayaan masyarakat yang menghuni wilayah penemuan fosil-fosil purba di Jawa. Penelitian ini difokuskan di Situs Sangiran sebagai Situs Warisan Dunia untuk memahami pola pikir dan persepsi masyarakat penghuni situs dalam memandang keberadaan fosil yang banyak ditemukan di sekitar lahan tegalan atau pekarangan mereka. Metode yang digunakan adalah wawancara mendalam pada masyarakat yang tinggal di Sangiran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan walaupun saat ini sudah semakin ditinggalkan dan tidak lagi diturunkan pada generasi muda, namun mitos “balung buto” masih mempengaruhi pola pikir dan perilaku kalangan tertentu yang mempercayainya. Hal tersebut secara langsung ataupun tidak berdampak pada pencarian fosil dan pelestarian situs.Abstract. This article is a study on ‘balung buto’ (which means giant’s bone), a myth or belief shared by the communities that live in areas where prehistoric fossils are found in Java. The study is focused at the World Heritage Site of Sangiran to understand the way of thinking and perception of the inhabitants around the site in viewing the existence of fossils, which are found in abundance on their agricultural fields or house yards. The method used here is insightful interview with the people who live at Sangiran. The study reveals that although believed by less and less people and no longer inherited to the young generation, there are some people who still believe the myth. To them the myth of ‘balung buto’ still influences their pattern of thoughts and behaviour so that directly or indirectly it has impacts on fossil-collecting behaviour and site preservation.
Prospek Sumber Daya Arkeologi Prasejarah Pulau Rote Ndao dalam Konteks Pengembangan Kawasan Perbatasan
Authors: Nasruddin Nasruddin 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The potential of cultural heritage especially prehistoric sites along the karst hills on Rote island has significant value in the context of understanding and knowledge about archeology in East Nusa Tenggara. Cave sites in Rote island were started to be inhabited since the late Pleistocene and early Holocene, based on the presence of human settlement traces found in the caves and niches. Another historical evidence was a bronze axe which showed that Rote Island was a strategic region on Paleometalic era. The fragments of potteries, flakes, animal bones, dan mollusc shells found in the area sprang some questions if this area was used only as a settlement or had any other purposes. The aim of this research is to reveal the archaeological resources owned by the island, along with its geological condition. The method applied in this study is using field observation (survey) followed by excavation on prehistory sites that represent Rote Ndao human settlements. Numerous lithic artifacts were gathered for reasearch data, such as flakes, pottery, and mollusc shell and bone deposits. These data about prehistoric karst in Rote Ndao island have important value to reveal the migration path, particularly its geographic position as the foremost island and borderline region between East Timor and Australia. Abstrak. Potensi warisan budaya terutama situs-situs prasejarah di sepanjang bukit-bukit karst di Pulau Rote memiliki nilai penting dalam konteks pemahaman dan pengetahuan arkeologi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Situs-situs gua karst di Pulau Rote, dimulai pada masa akhir Pleistosen dan awal Holosen dengan adanya jejak-jejak hunian manusia di gua dan ceruk. Bukti historis lainnya adanya temuan kapak perunggu yang menunjukkan bahwa Pulau Rote merupakan wilayah yang strategis pada era paleometalik. Ditemukannya berbagai jenis pecahan tembikar, serpih dan fragmen tulang fauna, sisa-sisa makanan moluska menimbulkan beberapa pertanyaan terhadap lokasi ini di masa lalu, apakah situs ini memiliki fungsi hunian semata, ataukah mempunyai fungsi lain. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengungkap sumberdaya arkeologi beserta kondisi geologi yang dimiliki Pulau Rote. Metode yang digunakan yaitu melakukan observasi lapangan (survei) dan dilanjutkan dengan ekskavasi terhadap situs yang memiliki indikasi kuat sebagai hunian prasejarah Rote dan dianggap mewakili situs hunian prasejarah Rote Ndao. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh sejumlah data artefak litik berupa alat-alat serpih, tembikar dan deposit cangkang moluska dan tulang. Potensi data arkeologi (prasejarah karst) Pulau Rote Ndao memiliki nilai penting untuk mengungkap jalur migrasi, terutama posisi geografinya sebagai pulau terdepan dan wilayah perbatasan antara Timor Leste dan Australia.
Analisis Pola Penempatan Aset Pedagang
Authors: Yudi Pradana Leonardus Very , Saraswati Birgitta Dian 
Published: April 2017

<p class="Default" align="center"><em>Monetary policy does not always go smoothly and effectively because it is influenced by pattern and behavior of society in placing asset. The result of this research by using quota sampling shows that type of monetary asset, e.g. savings on formal monetary institution, becomes more by 74,80% vendors in Salatiga, then followed by asset in the form of saving in non formal monetary institution, and insurance. This research finds that there is, no vendors place their asset in the form of bond. Meanwhile, in terms of physical asset, placing asset in the form of land becomes priority for almost 30,08% vendors who prefer doing it. The next physical asset is in the form of building, gold, and cattle. However, as many as 86% respondents do not know about monetary variable, e.g. interest rate and inflation. For vendors in Salatiga, interest rate is not a consideration in placing asset. Hence, this causes monetary policy by using interest rate as an instrument to control the active circulation becomes ineffective. </em></p><p class="Default"><em><br /></em></p><p class="Default" align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p class="Default" align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p class="Default"><span>Kebijakan moneter tidak selalu berjalan lancar dan efektif karena dipengaruhi oleh pola dan perilaku masyarakat dalam menempatkan aset. Hasil penelitian ini dengan menggunakan quota sampling menunjukkan bahwa jenis aset moneter, misalnya tabungan di lembaga keuangan formal, menjadi lebih disukai oleh 74,80% pedagang di Salatiga, diikuti oleh aset dalam bentuk tabungan di lembaga keuangan non formal dan asuransi. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tidak ada pedagang menempatkan aset mereka dalam bentuk obligasi. Sementara itu, dari segi aset fisik, menempatkan aset dalam bentuk tanah menjadi prioritas bagi hampir 30,08% vendor yang lebih suka melakukannya. Aset fisik berikutnya adalah dalam bentuk bangunan, emas, dan ternak. Sebanyak 86% responden tidak tahu tentang variabel moneter, misalnya suku bunga dan inflasi. Bagi pedagang di Salatiga, tingkat suku bunga tidak menjadi pertimbangan dalam menempatkan aset. Oleh karena itu, hal ini menyebabkan kebijakan moneter dengan menggunakan suku bunga sebagai instrumen untuk mengontrol sirkulasi aktif menjadi tidak efektif.</span></p><p class="Default"><em><br /></em></p>
Identifikasi Peranan Orang Tua Wirausaha Dalam Pembentukan Karakter Entrepreneurial Spirit Dan Keberlangsungan Business Project Mahasiswa Universitas Ciputra
Authors: Immanuel Dewi M. , Padmalia Metta 
Published: April 2017

<em>This study aims to know whether the character of the entrepreneurial spirit of Ciputra University students which is expected to be the factor in being a successful enterprenour in the future, is influenced by parent who has a career as an independent enterprenour. The population of the study is students who have completed a minimum of two year study, have a sustainable business project at the time being, and have parents as family business entrepreneur. This is an exploratory qualitative research done by conducting in-depth interviews to students who become informants. Results from this study indicated that the character of the entrepreneurial spirit in the students themselves can be formed through an educational process, and also through action and the way of thought from parents in running the business. Character of entrepreneurial spirit is professionally sharpened the students in learning process at Ciputra University which is based on entrepreneurship.</em>
Kinerja Lingkungan dan Kinerja Ekonomi Perusahaan Manufaktur Go Public
Authors: Haholongan Rutinaias 
Published: April 2017

<p><em>Environmental performance is strongly influenced by the extent to which the impetus towards environmental management carried out by various agencies, especially government agencies. Firms are more likely to have better environmental performance if they proactively perform various controlled environmental management actions. This research aims to examine the influence of environmental performance on economic performance. We used data from 2009-2011 annual reports at the Indonesia Stock Exchange and PROPER. The results show that environmental performance has a significant effect on economic performance.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p><em> </em></p><p>Kinerja lingkungan sangat dipengaruhi oleh sejauh mana dorongan terhadap pengelolaan lingkungan yang dilakukan oleh berbagai instansi khususnya instansi pemerintah. Kinerja lingkungan juga akan tercapai pada level yang tinggi jika perusahaan secara proaktif melakukan berbagai tindakan manajemen lingkungan secara terkendali. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah menguji pengaruh kinerja lingkungan terhadap kinerja ekonomi. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan regresi berganda. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari laporan tahunan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dan PROPER pada tahun 2009-2011. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kinerja lingkungan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja ekonomi.<em><br /></em></p>
Perilaku Tuna Fungsi Auditor: Pengujian atas Karakteristik Personal dan Penilai Kinerja Auditor
Authors: Hapsari Aprina Nugrahesthy Sulistya 
Published: April 2017

<p><em>Auditor dysfunctional behavior has been increasingly perceived to be prevalent in the audit environment. It is therefore interesting to study the association between auditors’ personal characteristics, non-personal characteristics and dysfunctional behavior. This research investigates the relationship between locus of control as a specific personal characteristic, employees’ personal performance, organizational commitment, turnover intention, auditors’ performance assessors as a factor outside personal characteristics and acceptance of dysfunctional audit behavior. We collected data by sending questionnaire to auditors in Semarang and Surakarta cities based on the convenience sampling method because we had no precise information on the number of existing auditors beforehand. Using Structural Equation Model (SEM) to analyze our data, we find that there is no association between personal characteristic and the acceptance of dysfunctional audit behavior. Meanwhile, there is a significant relationship between auditors’ performance assessor on the acceptance of dysfunctional audit behavior.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p align="center"><em><strong> </strong></em></p><p>Fenomena perilaku tuna fungsi yang dilakukan oleh auditor makin dianggap lazim di lingkup audit. Hubungan antara karakteristik personal, karakteristik non personal dan perilaku tuna fungsi menjadi sesuatu hal yang menarik untuk diteliti. Penelitian ini menguji hubungan antara karakteristik personal berupa locus of control, tingkat kinerja pribadi karyawan, komitmen organisasi dan turnover intention dan penilai kinerja auditor sebagai faktor diluar karakteristik personal terhadap penerimaan perilaku tuna fungsi dalam lingkup audit. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuisioner dari responden yaitu auditor di KAP Kota Semarang dan Surakarta dengan metode convenience sampling karena populasi auditor yang bekerja tidak diketahui dengan pasti. Analisis data dengan menggunakan Model Persamaan Struktural. Hasil dari pengujian hipotesis mengindikasikan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara karakteristik personal dengan penerimaan perilaku tuna fungsi dalam ruang lingkup audit. Sementara itu di lain sisi terdapat hubungan antara penilai kinerja auditor dengan penerimaan perilaku tuna fungsi dalam ruang lingkup audit.<em><br /></em></p>
Whistleblowing dalam Tekanan Ketaatan dan Kepercayaan pada Pimpinan
Authors: Setianto Vania Yunita , Utami Intiyas , Novianti Suzy 
Published: April 2017

<p><em>The pressure exerted by managers to employees to perform actions that are not in accordance with company rules may cause tensions for employees. Tensions emerge because orders directly given by managers are in conflict with values or morals held by employees. When employees choose to report actions that are considered to deviate their espoused values and morals, they can report to senior managers. This research examines the employees’ tendencies to perform whistleblowing actions when faced with different levels of obedience pressure and trust to leaders. We administered the laboratory study at Satya Wacana Christian University and used 69 bachelor students majoring in accounting as our subjects, generating 60 usable data. We used 2x2 between subject experiment and manipulated the level of obedience pressure (high vs low) and trust to leaders (high vs low). Our results show that subjects experiencing high level of obedience pressure and having higher trust to leader are more likely to perform whistleblowing action.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p align="center"><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p>Tekanan yang diberikan oleh manajer kepada karyawan untuk melakukan tindakan yang tidak sesuai dengan peraturan perusahaan, menyebabkan adanya ketegangan yang terjadi dalam diri karyawan. Ketegangan terjadi karena perintah yang diberikan secara langsung oleh manajer tidak sesuai dengan nilai atau moral yang dipegang. Ketika karyawan memilih untuk melaporkan tindakan yang tidak sesuai dengan nilai atau moral yang dianutnya, maka karyawan dapat melaporkan tindakan tersebut kepada manajemen senior. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti potensi seorang karyawan untuk melakukan tindakan <em>whistleblowing</em> apabila berhadapan dengan kondisi tekanan ketaatan dan kepercayaan pada pimpinan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana dengan subjek mahasiswa S1 akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis. Penelitian ini menguji potensi tindakan <em>whistleblowing</em> oleh karyawandalam keadaan tekanan ketaatan dan kepercayaan pada pimpinan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimental 2x2 <em>between subjec</em>t dengan total 69 subjek mahasiswa yang berperan sebagai karyawan menghasilkan 60 data siap olah. Perlakuan diberikan dalam bentuk tekanan ketaatan (tinggi dan rendah) dan kepercayaan pada pimpinan (tinggi dan rendah). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa grup yang mendapatkan perlakuan tekanan ketaatan tinggi dan kepercayaan pada pimpinan yang tinggi pula maka memperbesar potensi seseorang untuk melakukan tindakan <em>whistleblowing</em>.<em><br /></em></p>
EFICIÊNCIA DA INOCULAÇÃO NA CULTURA DO ARROZ (Oryza Sativa L.) NO SUL DO ESTADO DE RORAIMA
Authors: Chaves Josimar S. , Miranda Análie F. M. , Santana Alice S. , Rodríguez Carlos A. , Silva Elizana S. 
Published: April 2017

O arroz tem importância na alimentação da população mundial, sendo um dos cereais mais cultivados no mundo. O Brasil, atualmente, está entre os 10 principais produtores de arroz e este é considerado alimento básico na dieta dos brasileiros. Objetivou-se avaliar a eficiência da inoculação de bactérias fixadoras de nitrogênio atmosférico na cultura do arroz em relação à adubação nitrogenada na região sul do Estado de Roraima. O experimento foi conduzido na região Sul do Estado de Roraima, no Município de Caracaraí, no Campus Novo Paraíso do IFRR, em delineamento em blocos ao acaso com quatro tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de quatro linhas com 5 m de comprimento e espaçadas em 0,5 m, totalizando uma área de 10 m². A área foi corrigida e adubada de acordo com a análise química do solo e recomendações para a cultura do arroz no Estado de Roraima. A inoculação foi realizada na semente antes do plantio, com densidade de 50 sementes por metro linear. Verificou aumento da produtividade de grãos e no número de perfilhos em função da dose de N aplicado. A inoculação com Azospirillum pode representar uma alternativa viável para substituir os adubos nitrogenados na cultura do arroz no Sul do Estado de Roraima.