bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeted Genome Replacement via Homology-directed Repair in Non-dividing Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Ishizu Takamaru , Higo Shuichiro , Masumura Yuki , Kohama Yasuaki , Shiba Mikio , Higo Tomoaki , Shibamoto Masato , Nakagawa Akito , Morimoto Sachio , Takashima Seiji , Hikoso Shungo , Sakata Yasushi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAlthough high-throughput sequencing can elucidate the genetic basis of hereditary cardiomyopathy, direct interventions targeting pathological mutations have not been established. Furthermore, it remains uncertain whether homology-directed repair (HDR) is effective in non-dividing cardiomyocytes. Here, we demonstrate that HDR-mediated genome editing using CRISPR/Cas9 is effective in non-dividing cardiomyocytes. Transduction of adeno-associated virus (AAV) containing sgRNA and repair template into cardiomyocytes constitutively expressing Cas9 efficiently introduced a fluorescent protein to the C-terminus of Myl2. Imaging-based sequential evaluation of endogenously tagged protein revealed that HDR occurs in cardiomyocytes, independently of DNA synthesis. We sought to repair a pathological mutation in Tnnt2 in cardiomyocytes of cardiomyopathy model mice. An sgRNA that avoided the mutated exon minimized deleterious effects on Tnnt2 expression, and AAV-mediated HDR achieved precise genome correction at a frequency of ~12.5%. Thus, targeted genome replacement via HDR is effective in non-dividing cardiomyocytes, and represents a potential therapeutic tool for targeting intractable cardiomyopathy.
Formation of a-plane facets in three-dimensional hexagonal GaN structures for photonic devices
Authors: Lim Seung-Hyuk , Sim Young Chul , Yoo Yang-Seok , Choi Sunghan , Lee Sangwon , Cho Yong-Hoon 
Published: August 2017

AbstractControl of the growth front in three-dimensional (3D) hexagonal GaN core structures is crucial for increased performance of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and other photonic devices. This is due to the fact that InGaN layers formed on different growth facets in 3D structures exhibit various band gaps which originate from differences in the indium-incorporation efficiency, internal polarization, and growth rate. Here, a-plane {$${\bf{11}}\bar{{\bf{2}}}{\bf{0}}$$
11

2
¯

0
} facets, which are rarely formed in hexagonal pyramid based growth, are intentionally fabricated using mask patterns and adjustment of the core growth conditions. Moreover, the growth area covered by these facets is modified by changing the growth time. The origin of the formation of a-plane {$${\bf{11}}\bar{{\bf{2}}}{\bf{0}}$$
11

2
¯

0
} facets is also discussed. Furthermore, due to a growth condition transition from a 3D core structure to an InGaN multi-quantum well, a growth front transformation (i.e., a transformation of a-plane {$${\bf{11}}\bar{{\bf{2}}}{\bf{0}}$$
11

2
¯

0
} facets to semi-polar {$${\bf{11}}\bar{{\bf{2}}}{\bf{2}}$$
11

2
¯

2
} facets) is directly observed. Based on our understanding and control of this novel growth mechanism, we can achieve efficient broadband LEDs or photovoltaic cells.
Morphology control of exciton fine structure in polar and nonpolar zinc sulfide nanorods
Authors: Baskoutas Sotirios , Zeng Zaiping , Garoufalis Christos S. , Bester Gabriel 
Published: August 2017

AbstractElectron-hole exchange interaction in semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) splits the band-edge exciton manifold into optically active (“bright”) and passive (“dark”) states, leading to a complicated exciton fine structure. In the present work, we resolve by atomistic million-atom many-body pseudopotential calculations the exciton fine structure in colloidal polar and nonpolar zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanorods (NRs). We explore that polar NRs with high symmetry exhibit vanishing fine structure splitting (FSS), and are therefore ideal sources of entangled photon pairs. In contrast, nonpolar NRs grown along $$[\mathrm{11}\bar{{\bf{2}}}0]$$
[
11

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¯

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]
and $$[\mathrm{10}\bar{{\bf{1}}}1]$$
[
10

1
¯

1
]
directions with reduced symmetries have significant FSS, which can even reach up to a few mili electron volts. However, such large FSS can be effectively minimized to a few micro electron volts, or even less, by a simple morphology control.
Fine particulate matter 2.5 exerted its toxicological effect by regulating a new layer, long non-coding RNA
Authors: Huang Qiansheng , Chi Yulang , Deng Junjun , Liu Yiyao , Lu Yanyang , Chen Jinsheng , Dong Sijun 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure, especially to its organic components, induces adverse health effects on the respiratory system. However, the molecular mechanisms have still not been fully elucidated. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is involved in various physio-pathological processes. In this study, the roles of lncRNA were investigated to reveal the toxicology of PM2.5. Organic extracts of PM2.5 from Nanjing and Shanghai cities were adopted to treat human bronchial epithelial cell lines (BEAS-2B and A549). RNA sequencing showed that the lncRNA functioned as antisense RNA, intergenic RNA and pre-miRNA. The mRNA profiles were also altered after exposure. PM2.5 from Nanjing showed a more serious impact than that from Shanghai. In detail, higher expression of n405968 was positively related to the elevated mRNA levels of inflammatory factors (IL-6 and IL-8). Increasing levels of metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) were positively associated with the induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Similar response was observed between both cell lines. The higher content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is likely to contribute to higher toxicity of PM2.5 from Nanjing than that from Shanghai. Antagonism of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) or inhibition of CYP1A1 diminished the effects stimulated by PM2.5. Our results indicated that lncRNAs could be involved in the toxicology of PM2.5 through regulating the inflammation and EMT process.
Estrogen receptor α/HDAC/NFAT axis for delphinidin effects on proliferation and differentiation of T lymphocytes from patients with cardiovascular risks
Authors: Dayoub Ousama , Le Lay Soazig , Soleti Raffaella , Clere Nicolas , Hilairet Gregory , Dubois Séverine , Gagnadoux Frédéric , Boursier Jérôme , Martínez Maria Carmen , Andriantsitohaina Ramaroson 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDelphinidin, an anthocyanin present in red wine, has been reported to preserve the integrity of endotheliumviaan estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-dependent mechanism. However, the effect of delphinidin on the immune response in obesity-related inflammation remains unknown. Given the important role of T lymphocytes in obesity-related inflammation, we investigated the effect of delphinidin on proliferation and differentiation of T lymphocytes from healthy subjects and metabolic syndrome patients. Delphinidin decreased the proliferation stimulated by different agents acting through different mechanisms. This effect of delphinidin was associated with its ability to inhibit Ca2+signaling via reduced store-operated Ca2+entry and release, and subsequent decrease of HDAC and NFAT activations. Delphinidin also inhibited ERK1/2 activation. Pharmacological inhibition of ER with fulvestrant, or deletion of ERα, prevented the effect of delphinidin. Further, delphinidin suppressed the differentiation of T cells toward Th1, Th17 and Treg without affecting Th2 subsets. Interestingly, delphinidin inhibited both proliferation and differentiation of T cells taken from patients with cardiovascular risks associated with metabolic syndrome. Together, we propose that delphinidin, by acting on ERα via multiple cellular targets, may represent a new approach against chronic inflammation associated with T lymphocyte activation, proliferation and differentiation, in patients with cardiovascular risk factors.
Hypermasculinised facial morphology in boys and girls with Autism Spectrum Disorder and its association with symptomatology
Authors: Tan Diana Weiting , Gilani Syed Zulqarnain , Maybery Murray T. , Mian Ajmal , Hunt Anna , Walters Mark , Whitehouse Andrew J. O. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractElevated prenatal testosterone exposure has been associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and facial masculinity. By employing three-dimensional (3D) photogrammetry, the current study investigated whether prepubescent boys and girls with ASD present increased facial masculinity compared to typically-developing controls. There were two phases to this research. 3D facial images were obtained from a normative sample of 48 boys and 53 girls (3.01–12.44 years old) to determine typical facial masculinity/femininity. The sexually dimorphic features were used to create a continuous ‘gender score’, indexing degree of facial masculinity. Gender scores based on 3D facial images were then compared for 54 autistic and 54 control boys (3.01–12.52 years old), and also for 20 autistic and 60 control girls (4.24–11.78 years). For each sex, increased facial masculinity was observed in the ASD group relative to control group. Further analyses revealed that increased facial masculinity in the ASD group correlated with more social-communication difficulties based on the Social Affect score derived from the Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale-Generic (ADOS-G). There was no association between facial masculinity and the derived Restricted and Repetitive Behaviours score. This is the first study demonstrating facial hypermasculinisation in ASD and its relationship to social-communication difficulties in prepubescent children.
Infection increases vulnerability to climate change via effects on host thermal tolerance
Authors: Greenspan Sasha E. , Bower Deborah S. , Roznik Elizabeth A. , Pike David A. , Marantelli Gerry , Alford Ross A. , Schwarzkopf Lin , Scheffers Brett R. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractUnprecedented global climate change and increasing rates of infectious disease emergence are occurring simultaneously. Infection with emerging pathogens may alter the thermal thresholds of hosts. However, the effects of fungal infection on host thermal limits have not been examined. Moreover, the influence of infections on the heat tolerance of hosts has rarely been investigated within the context of realistic thermal acclimation regimes and potential anthropogenic climate change. We tested for effects of fungal infection on host thermal tolerance in a model system: frogs infected with the chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. Infection reduced the critical thermal maxima (CTmax) of hosts by up to ~4 °C. Acclimation to realistic daily heat pulses enhanced thermal tolerance among infected individuals, but the magnitude of the parasitism effect usually exceeded the magnitude of the acclimation effect. In ectotherms, behaviors that elevate body temperature may decrease parasite performance or increase immune function, thereby reducing infection risk or the intensity of existing infections. However, increased heat sensitivity from infections may discourage these protective behaviors, even at temperatures below critical maxima, tipping the balance in favor of the parasite. We conclude that infectious disease could lead to increased uncertainty in estimates of species’ vulnerability to climate change.
Hypoxia-inducible ERO1α promotes cancer progression through modulation of integrin-β1 modification and signalling in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Takei Norio , Yoneda Akihiro , Sakai-Sawada Kaori , Kosaka Marina , Minomi Kenjiro , Tamura Yasuaki 
Published: August 2017

AbstractEndoplasmic reticulum disulphide oxidase 1α (ERO1α) is an oxidase localized in the endoplasmic reticulum that plays a role in the formation of disulphide bonds of secreted and cell-surface proteins. We previously showed that ERO1α is overexpressed in various types of cancer and we further identified ERO1α expression as a novel factor related to poor prognosis in cancer. However, the biological functions of ERO1α in cancer remain unclear. Here, we investigated the cell biological roles of ERO1α in the human colon-cancer cell line HCT116. ERO1α knockout (KO) by using CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in decreased tumourigenicity in vivo and reduced cell proliferation only under hypoxia in vitro, which suggested that ERO1α promotes cancer progression specifically in a low-oxygen environment. Thus, we evaluated the function of ERO1α in cell proliferation under hypoxia, and found that under hypoxic conditions, ERO1α KO resulted in a contact-inhibited morphology and diminished motility of cells. We further showed that ERO1α KO induced a change in integrin-β1 glycosylation and thus an attenuation of cell-surface integrin-β1 expression, which resulted in the aforementioned phenotype. Our study has established a previously unrecognized link between ERO1α expression and integrin activation, and thus provides new evidence for the effectiveness of ERO1α-targeted therapy for colorectal carcinoma.
The adjuvant value of Herba Cistanches when used in combination with statin in murine models
Authors: Wat Elaine , Ng Chun Fai , Koon Chi Man , Zhang Cheng , Gao Si , Tomlinson Brian , Lau Clara Bik San 
Published: August 2017

AbstractStatins are well known to have muscle toxicity problem. Herba Cistanches (HC) is a Chinese herb traditionally used for pain in the loins and knees. Our previous in vitro study suggested that it could protect against statin-induced muscle toxicity. However, its in vivo protective effect has never been investigated. The objective of this study was to determine if the aqueous extract of HC (HCE) could prevent simvastatin-induced muscle toxicity in rats, and whether HCE could also exert beneficial effects on reducing high-fat diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and elevated liver cholesterol, thereby reducing the dose of simvastatin when used in combined therapy. From our results, HCE significantly restored simvastatin-induced reduction in muscle weights and reduced elevated plasma creatine kinase in rats. HCE also improved simvastatin-induced reduction in muscle glutathione levels, muscle mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduced simvastatin-induced muscle inflammation. Furthermore, HCE could exert reduction on liver weight, total liver lipid levels and plasma lipid levels in high-fat-fed mice. In conclusion, our study provided in vivo evidence that HCE has potential protective effect on simvastatin-induced toxicity in muscles, and also beneficial effects on diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver and hyperlipidemia when being used alone or in combination with simvastatin at a reduced dose.
Genetic deficiency in neuronal peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation causes the interruption of dauer development in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Park Saeram , Paik Young-Ki 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAlthough peroxisomal fatty acid (FA) β-oxidation is known to be critical for animal development, the cellular mechanisms that control the manner in which its neuronal deficiency causes developmental defects remain unclear. To elucidate the potential cellular consequences of neuronal FA metabolic disorder for dauer development, an alternative developmental process in Caenorhabditis elegans that occurs during stress, we investigated the sequential effects of its corresponding genetic deficiency. Here, we show that the daf-22 gene in peroxisomal FA β-oxidation plays a distinct role in ASK neurons, and its deficiency interrupts dauer development even in the presence of the exogenous ascaroside pheromones that induce such development. Un-metabolized FAs accumulated in ASK neurons of daf-22 mutants stimulate the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, which may enhance the XBP-1 activity that promotes the transcription of neuronal insulin-like peptides. These sequential cell-autonomous reactions in ASK neurons then activate insulin/IGF-1 signaling, which culminates in the suppression of DAF-16/FOXO activity. This suppression results in the interruption of dauer development, independently of pheromone presence. These findings suggest that neuronal peroxisomal FA β-oxidation is indispensable for animal development by regulating the ER stress response and neuroendocrine signaling.
Dynamic Image Analysis To Evaluate Subvisible Particles During Continuous Drug Infusion In a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Perez Maxime , Décaudin Bertrand , Maiguy-Foinard Aurélie , Barthélémy Christine , Lebuffe Gilles , Storme Laurent , Odou Pascal 
Published: August 2017

AbstractStudies have shown that infused particles lead to numerous complications such as inflammation or organ dysfunctions in critically ill children. Nevertheless, there is very little data available to evaluate the amount of particulate matter potentially administered to patients, and none with regard to infants. We have investigated the quantity received by these patients during multidrug IV therapies. Two different protocols commonly used in our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to manage excessively preterm infants were reproduced in the laboratory and directly connected to a dynamic particle analyser. The particulate matter of infused therapies was measured over 24 h, so that both overall particulate contamination and particle sizes could be determined. No visible particles were observed during drug infusions. Particulate analyses showed a significant number of particles that can reach 85,000 per day, with peaks during discontinuous drug infusions. Moreover, we showed that very large particles of about 60 µm were infused to infants. This study showed that despite very low infusion flow rates, infants may receive a large number of particles during drug infusion, especially in NICUs. Particulate contamination of IV fluids is not without consequences for fragile infants. Preventive solutions could be effective, such as the use of in-line filters.
Sensitization patterns and minimum screening panels for aeroallergens in self-reported allergic rhinitis in China
Authors: Lou Hongfei , Ma Siyuan , Zhao Yan , Cao Feifei , He Fei , Liu Zhongyan , Bousquet Jean , Wang Chengshuo , Zhang Luo , Bachert Claus 
Published: August 2017

AbstractOptimization of skin prick test (SPT) panels, especially in view of significant differences in sensitizations patterns within different geographical areas, is an unmet need within China. Our aim was to assess the patterns and clinical relevance of aeroallergen sensitizations in allergic rhinitis (AR) and define the minimal battery of SPT allergens, classified according to the Köppen-Geiger climate map. Overall, 7148 subjects with self-reported AR completed a standard questionnaire and were assessed for sensitization to relevant allergens by SPT. 6340 (88.7%) patients had at least one positive skin prick reaction, and demonstrated unique sensitization patterns by stratification with age, gender, and geographic region. Sensitization to house dust mites (HDM) was highest in south China, whereas the three most prevalent aeroallergens were mugwort, ragweed and dandelion pollen in north-west China. Higher sensitization rates and multiple sensitizations were associated with AR comorbidities. Eight allergens (Der f, mugwort, Blatella, hazel, goosefoot, Penicillium notatum, animal dander and Der p) allowed identification >96% of sensitized subjects in central China. Differences in optimal panels were observed between regions, with five to six allergens being sufficient for north-east, north-west and south China. These SPT panels may provide a cost-effective tool for screening sensitized patients in China.
Resveratrol accumulation and its involvement in stilbene synthetic pathway of Chinese wild grapes during berry development using quantitative proteome analysis
Authors: Li Ruimin , Xie Xiaoqing , Ma Fuli , Wang Dan , Wang Lan , Zhang Jianxia , Xu Yan , Wang Xiping , Zhang Chaohong , Wang Yuejin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAttention has become focused on resveratrol not only because of its role in grapevine fungal resistance but also because of its benefits in human health. This report describes the Chinese wild grapevine Vitis quinquangularis accession Danfeng-2 in relation to the high resveratrol content of its ripe berries. In this study, we used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) tandem mass spectrometry strategy to quantify and identify proteome changes, resulting in the detection of a total of 3,751 proteins produced under natural conditions. Among the proteins quantified, a total of 578 differentially expressed proteins were detected between Danfeng-2 and Cabernet Sauvignon during berry development. Differentially expressed proteins are involved in secondary metabolism, biotic stress, abiotic stress and transport activity and indicate novel biological processes in Chinese wild grapevine. Eleven proteins involved in phenylpropanoid metabolism and stilbene synthesis were differently expressed between Danfeng-2 and Cabernet Sauvignon at the veraison stage of berry development. These findings suggest that Chinese wild V. quinquangularis accession Danfeng-2 is an extremely important genetic resource for grape breeding and especially for increasing the resveratrol content of European grape cultivars for disease resistance and for improved human nutritional benefits.
Using Feedback Control to Reduce Limb Impedance during Forceful Contractions
Authors: Hu Xiao , Ludvig Daniel , Murray Wendy M. , Perreault Eric J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractLittle is known about the ability to precisely regulate forces or torques during unexpected disturbances, as required during numerous tasks. Effective force regulation implies small changes in force responding to externally imposed displacements, a behavior characterized by low limb impedance. This task can be challenging, since the intrinsic impedance of muscles increases when generating volitional forces. The purpose of this study was to examine the ability to voluntarily reduce limb impedance during force regulation, and the neural mechanisms associated with that ability. Small displacement perturbations were used to quantify elbow impedance during the exertion of volitional elbow torques from 0% to 20% of maximum voluntary contraction. Subjects were instructed either to not intervene with the imposed perturbations or to explicitly intervene so as to minimize the influence of the perturbations on the elbow torque. Our results demonstrated that individuals can reduce the low frequency components of elbow impedance by 35%. Electromyographic analysis suggested that this behavior is mediated by volitional and possibly long-latency reflex pathways with delays of at least 120 ms. These results provide a context for understanding how feedback altered by aging or injuries may influence the ability to regulate forces precisely.
When stylistic features are overlooked in translation
Authors: Al-Mansoob Huda 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIf a literary translator wishes to produce a rewarding and successful translation, his main focus should be not only on content but also on the stylistic manipulation of the text. This paper considers how overlooking the writer’s stylistic varieties affects the quality of translation, rendering the story questionable. Problems related to translating the present tense within a past narrative and reported speech, drawn from Leech and Short (1981, 2004), will be discussed. The textual illustrations will be taken from Mohammed Abdul-Wali’s representative collection They Die Strangers (1966) in English (2001), which was published by the Center for Middle Eastern Studies at the University of Texas at Austin. The argument is potentially helpful to the study of stylistics and translation studies as a whole.