bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The abundance and isotopic composition of water in eucrites
Authors: Barrett T. J. , Barnes J. J. , Tartèse R. , Anand M. , Franchi I. A. , Greenwood R. C. , Charlier B. L. A. , Grady M. M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractVolatile elements play a key role in the dynamics of planetary evolution. Extensive work has been carried out to determine the abundance, distribution, and source(s) of volatiles in planetary bodies such as the Earth, Moon, and Mars. A recent study showed that the water in apatite from eucrites has similar hydrogen isotopic compositions compared to water in terrestrial rocks and carbonaceous chondrites, suggesting that water accreted very early in the inner solar system given the ancient crystallization ages (~4.5 Ga) of eucrites. Here, the measurements of water (reported as equivalent H2O abundances) and the hydrogen isotopic composition (δD) of apatite from five basaltic eucrites and one cumulate eucrite are reported. Apatite H2O abundances range from ~30 to ~3500 ppm and are associated with a weighted average δD value of −34 ± 67‰. No systematic variations or correlations are observed in H2O abundance or δD value with eucrite geochemical trend or metamorphic grade. These results extend the range of previously published hydrogen isotope data for eucrites and confirm the striking homogeneity in the H‐isotopic composition of water in eucrites, which is consistent with a common source for water in the inner solar system.
Utilizing Zebrafish to Identify Anti‐(Lymph)Angiogenic Compounds for Cancer Treatment: Promise and Future Challenges
Authors: Okuda Kazuhide S. , Lee Hui Mei , Velaithan Vithya , Ng Mei Fong , Patel Vyomesh 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCancer metastasis which predominantly occurs through blood and lymphatic vessels, is the leading cause of death in cancer patients. Consequently, several anti‐angiogenic agents have been approved as therapeutic agents for human cancers such as metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Also, anti‐lymphangiogenic drugs such as monoclonal antibodies VGX‐100 and IMC‐3C5 have undergone phase I clinical trials for advanced and metastatic solid tumors. Although anti‐tumor‐associated angiogenesis has proven to be a promising therapeutic strategy for human cancers, this approach is fraught with toxicities and development of drug resistance. This emphasizes the need for alternative anti‐(lymph)angiogenic drugs. The use of zebrafish has become accepted as an established model for high‐throughput screening, vascular biology, and cancer research. Importantly, various zebrafish transgenic lines have now been generated that can readily discriminate different vascular compartments. This now enables detailed in vivo studies that are relevant to both human physiological and tumor (lymph)angiogenesis to be conducted in zebrafish. This review highlights recent advancements in the zebrafish anti‐vascular screening platform and showcases promising new anti‐(lymph)angiogenic compounds that have been derived from this model. In addition, this review discusses the promises and challenges of the zebrafish model in the context of anti‐(lymph)angiogenic compound discovery for cancer treatment.
Rearrangements of α‐helical structures of FlgN chaperone control the binding affinity for its cognate substrates during flagellar type III export
Authors: Kinoshita Miki , Nakanishi Yuki , Furukawa Yukio , Namba Keiichi , Imada Katsumi , Minamino Tohru 
Published: May 2016

SummaryThe bacterial flagellar type III export chaperones not only act as bodyguards to protect their cognate substrates from aggregation and proteolysis in the cytoplasm but also ensure the order of export through their interactions with an export gate protein FlhA. FlgN chaperone binds to FlgK and FlgL with nanomolar affinity and transfers them to FlhA for their efficient and rapid transport for the formation of the hook‐filament junction zone. However, it remains unknown how FlgN releases FlgK and FlgL at the FlhA export gate platform in a timely manner. Here, we have solved the crystal structure of Salmonella FlgN at 2.3 Å resolution and carried out structure‐based functional analyses. FlgN consists of three α helices, α1, α2 and α3. Helix α1 adopts two distinct, extended and bent conformations through the conformational change of N‐loop between α1 and α2. The N‐loop deletion not only increases the probability of FlgN dimer formation but also abolish the interaction between FlgN and FlgK. Highly conserved Asn‐92, Asn‐95 and Ile‐103 residues in helix α3 are involved in the strong interaction with FlgK. We propose that the N‐loop coordinates helical rearrangements of FlgN with the association and dissociation of its cognate substrates during their export.
Fatal pulmonary arterial hypertension in an infant girl with incontinentia pigmenti
Authors: Yasuda Kenji , Minami Noriaki , Yoshikawa Yoko , Taketani Takeshi , Fukuda Seiji , Yamaguchi Seiji 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe report the case of an infant girl with incontinentia pigmenti (IP) complicated by fatal pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). She was diagnosed with IP, based on the presence of specific skin lesions, neonatal seizures, hypereosinophilia and a maternal family history of IP. At the age of 2 months, she was diagnosed with PAH on systolic heart murmur due to tricuspid valve regurgitation. Despite several treatments for PAH but not including epoprostenol, severe PAH persisted and she died of pulmonary hypertensive crisis at the age of 5 months. On postmortem histopathology the pulmonary artery had severe intimal thickening, with occlusion or stenosis of the vascular lumen of the small pulmonary arteries as well as partial plexiform lesions, all of which were compatible with PAH. Modulation of nuclear factor‐κB signaling may be involved in the development of PAH in IP.
Transient hyperphosphatasemia in three pediatric patients treated with cyclosporine
Authors: Mori Takeshi , Tanaka Ryojiro , Nishida Kosuke , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Hayakawa Akira , Nishimura Noriyuki , Nozu Kandai , Iijima Kazumoto 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTransient hyperphosphatasemia (TH) is defined as marked elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), predominantly its bone or liver isoform. It is a rare condition and is usually detected on laboratory examination in patients without any clinical symptoms. In typical patients with TH, ALP spontaneously normalizes, but no apparent cause of TH has been identified. Some drugs are suspected triggers of TH, but no clear evidence of their association with TH has been shown to date. We herein report three cases of TH in pediatric patients. Two patients were treated with cyclosporine for frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome, and one was also taking cyclosporine for aplastic anemia. Interestingly, ALP immediately decreased after termination of cyclosporine in two patients, whereas TH lasted 4 months in the one patient who continued cyclosporine. Clearly, cyclosporine is associated with the pathophysiology of TH in children.
Impact of omalizumab on medical cost of childhood asthma in Japan
Authors: Yoshikawa Hideki , Iwata Mihoko , Matsuzaki Hiroshi , Ono Rintaro , Murakami Yoko , Taba Naohiko , Honjo Satoshi , Motomura Chikako , Odajima Hiroshi 
Published: May 2016

AbstractOmalizumab is effective in children with severe asthma, but its impact on medical cost in Japan is not clear. We evaluated the impact of omalizumab on medical cost by comparing the pre‐ vs post‐omalizumab‐initiation medical costs of 12 children with severe asthma who received omalizumab for 2 years, and calculating incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio for omalizumab therapy. Health outcome was measured as hospital‐free days (HFD). The median total medical costs and medication fee per patient increased significantly after omalizumab initiation because of the high cost of omalizumab. The median hospitalization fee per patient, however, decreased significantly after omalizumab initiation due to reduction in hospitalization. Omalizumab led to an estimated increase of 40.8 HFD per omalizumab responder patient per 2 years. The cost was JPY 20 868 per additional HFD. Omalizumab can therefore reduce hospitalization cost in children with severe asthma in Japan.
The pupil's response to affective pictures: Role of image duration, habituation, and viewing mode
Authors: Snowden Robert J. , O'Farrell Katherine R. , Burley Daniel , Erichsen Jonathan T. , Newton Naomi V. , Gray Nicola S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe pupil has been shown to be sensitive to the emotional content of stimuli. We examined this phenomenon by comparing fearful and neutral images carefully matched in the domains of luminance, image contrast, image color, and complexity of content. The pupil was more dilated after viewing affective pictures, and this effect was (a) shown to be independent of the presentation time of the images (from 100–3,000 ms), (b) not diminished by repeated presentations of the images, and (c) not affected by actively naming the emotion of the stimuli in comparison to passive viewing. Our results show that the emotional modulation of the pupil is present over a range of variables that typically vary from study to study (image duration, number of trials, free viewing vs. task), and encourages the use of pupillometry as a measure of emotional processing in populations where alternative techniques may not be appropriate.
Alone against the group: A unanimously disagreeing group leads to conformity, but cardiovascular threat depends on one's goals
Authors: Seery Mark D. , Gabriel Shira , Lupien Shannon P. , Shimizu Mitsuru 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA long history of research in psychology has studied the consequences of when individuals face a group that unanimously disagrees with them. However, relatively little research has attempted to understand individuals’ internal reactions to such disagreement while it is experienced. Psychophysiological measures are particularly well suited for this purpose. We used the perspective of the biopsychosocial model of challenge/threat to test whether and under what circumstances expressing one's political opinion to a disagreeing group led to a cardiovascular threat response (high total peripheral resistance, low cardiac output). We hypothesized that, when participants were provided with a goal to fit in with the group, a disagreeing group would elicit cardiovascular responses consistent with greater threat than an agreeing group, but that this effect would disappear if not reverse when participants were provided with a goal to express their individuality. Results supported hypotheses and further revealed a divergence between cardiovascular responses and conformity behavior, such that a disagreeing group fostered conformity regardless of goal condition. These findings suggest that (a) facing the prospect of a disagreeing group need not necessarily result in the negative experience of threat (reflecting evaluating low resources/high demands), and (b) conformity behavior can mask a range of internal states.
Dual role of the CXCL12 polymorphism in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Butrym A. , Gebura K. , Iwaszko M. , Kuliczkowski K. , Bogunia‐Kubik K. , Mazur G. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe CXCL12 [chemokine (C–X–C motif) ligand 12] is a member of the CXC family of chemokines and interacts with its CXCR4 receptor. The CXCL12/CXCR4 axis is involved in regulation of proliferation, survival and trafficking of hematopoietic stem cells, including B lymphocytes and disruption within this signaling pathway has been implicated in pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The aim of this study was to determine a potential association of the CXCL12 rs1801157 G > A polymorphism with susceptibility to CLL, the disease course and efficacy of therapy. Also, expression of the CD74 and CD38 proteins on B cells was analyzed in relation to clinical parameters and genotyping results. A total of 124 patients with CLL and 75 healthy controls were studied. CXCL12 genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction ‐ restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) method. The CD74 and CD38 surface expression was determined using flow cytometry. There was a significantly increased frequency of the A allele and AA genotype in CLL patients compared with control group (P < 0.001 in both cases). In addition, the A allele was overrepresented among patients with worse response to therapy in comparison to other genotypes (P < 0.001). On the contrary, patients carrying the A allele displayed lower grade of the disease at diagnosis more frequently than patients homozygous for the G allele (P = 0.037). Moreover, the AA homozygosity correlated with lower CD74 expression on B cells (P = 0.007). In conclusion, data from this study indicate that the CXCL12 rs1801157 G > A polymorphism may affect CLL development, disease progression as well as response to treatment.
Identifying Environmental and Human Factors Associated With Tick Bites using Volunteered Reports and Frequent Pattern Mining
Authors: Garcia‐Martí Irene , Zurita‐Milla Raul , Swart Arno , van den Wijngaard Kees C. , van Vliet Arnold J.H. , Bennema Sita , Harms Margriet 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTick populations and tick‐borne diseases like Lyme borreliosis have been steadily increasing since the mid‐1990s. Realizing the threat that ticks pose to public health, two Dutch citizen science projects have collected tick bite reports since 2006. This unique volunteered geographical dataset, which currently has nearly 35,000 reports, was used to identify environmental and other circumstantial factors associated with tick bites. For this, we first enriched the tick bite reports with temperature, precipitation, vegetation and volunteered data associated with the location of the tick bite. Using this enriched dataset, we then derived a series of features to characterize the environmental and volunteer‐related conditions in which each tick bite occurred. Next, we discretized these features using the Jenks Natural Breaks algorithm and, after that, we mined frequent environmental patterns associated with tick bites using the AprioriClose algorithm. Finally, we checked that these patterns are specifically associated with the tick bites by comparing them with the frequent patterns mined from pseudo‐random locations. The frequent patterns were visualized using heat maps and ring maps and two representative patterns associated with tick bites were projected into geographic space to study their spatio‐temporal distribution. Our results show that factors linked to human activity are more relevant to model tick bites than seasonal accumulations of temperature, vegetation or precipitation. In particular, the number of warm and dry days per season are present in a significant number of patterns and the majority of tick bites are produced within a distance of half a kilometer of a forest, recreational or built‐up area. The study of patterns in the time‐series revealed that there are several persistent patterns consistently occurring each year and the validation process showed that the volunteer tick bites collection is capturing environmental conditions associated with tick bites, suggesting that these reports have a high scientific value. These results support the creation of a Dutch tick bite risk map that, in turn, will open the door to the design of public health interventions to reduce the incidence of Lyme disease.
Seroprevalence in Household Raised Pigs Indicate High Exposure to GII Noroviruses in Rural Nicaragua
Authors: Bucardo F. , González F. , Reyes Y. , Blandón P. , Saif L. , Nordgren J. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryInformation about porcine norovirus (PoNoV), genetically similar to human NoV (HuNoV), is limited from rural areas where household‐raised pigs are heavily exposed to faecal material which could facilitate transmission. Histo‐blood group antigens (HBGAs) are known susceptibility factors to NoV in humans and in a germfree piglet model but their role in susceptibility in the porcine population remains unknown. This study reports: (i) the seroprevalence and antibody titres to human norovirus (NoV) VLPs in household raised pigs; (ii) the distribution of HBGAs in relation to NoV IgG antibody titres and further characterization by blocking of GII.4 VLP binding to pig gastric mucins (PGM). The majority of pigs were seropositive to all three VLPs tested (58–70%) with seropositivity and cross‐reactivity increasing significantly with age. However, pig sera could not block the binding of NoV GII.4 VLPs (Dijon) to PGM suggesting no previous infection with this genotype. The majority of the pigs were H‐positive (84%), a susceptibility factor for human infections. IgG antibody titres were however higher in H‐negative (GMT = 247) as compared with H‐positive (GMT = 57) pigs, but after age stratification, this difference in antibody titres was only observed in pigs ≤1 month of age. In conclusion, serological data show that the porcine population of Nicaragua is highly exposed to NoV infections, and the association to HBGAs warrants further investigation.
Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus licheniformis CG-B52, a Highly Virulent Bacterium of Pacific White Shrimp (
Litopenaeus vannamei
), Isolated from a Colombian Caribbean Aquaculture Outbreak
Authors: Gálvez Eric J. C. , Carrillo-Castro Katerine , Zárate Lina , Güiza Linda , Pieper Dietmar H. , García-Bonilla Erika , Salazar Marcela , Junca Howard 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

Bacillus licheniformis
strain CG-B52 was isolated as the etiological agent producing a self-limited outbreak of high mortalities in commercial
Litopenaeus vannamei
culture ponds on the Colombian Caribbean coast in 2005. Here, we report its draft genome and three novel extrachromosomal elements that it harbors.
Genome Sequence of
Penicillium solitum
RS1, Which Causes Postharvest Apple Decay
Authors: Yu Jiujiang , Wu Guangxi , Jurick Wayne M. , Gaskins Verneta L. , Yin Yanbin , Yin Guohua , Bennett Joan W. , Shelton Daniel R. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

Penicillium
species cause postharvest decay, commonly known as blue mold, in pome fruits, such as apples and pears. To devise novel strategies to prevent and reduce economic losses during storage, the genome sequence of
Penicillium solitum
RS1 is reported here for the first time.
Structure and Genome Organization of
Cherry Virus A
(
Capillovirus, Betaflexiviridae
) from China Using Small RNA Sequencing
Authors: Wang Jiawei , Zhai Ying , Liu Weizhen , Dhingra Amit , Pappu Hanu R. , Liu Qingzhong 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

Cherry virus
A (CVA) (
Capillovirus, Betaflexiviridae
) is widely present in cherry-growing areas. We obtained the complete genome of a CVA isolate (CVA-TA) using small RNA deep sequencing, followed by overlapping reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The newly identified 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) from CVA-TA may form additional hairpin and loop structures to stabilize the CVA genome.
Draft Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus sakei Strain FBL1, a Probiotic Bacterium Isolated from
Mukeunji
, a Long-Fermented Kimchi, in South Korea
Authors: Kim Jae-Hwan , Kim Eiseul , Kim Chang-Gyeom , Choo Dong-Won , Kim Hae-Yeong 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

This report describes the 2,032,158-bp draft genome sequence of
Lactobacillus sakei
(
L. sakei
) strain FBL1, isolated from
mukeunji
purchased at the Gwangju World Kimchi Culture Festival in 2012, South Korea. The total draft genome size was 2,032,158 bp with a G+C content of 41.2%.
Draft Genome Sequence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia CBF10-1, an Organophosphate-Degrading Bacterium Isolated from Ranch Soil in Fairchilds, Texas
Authors: Iyer Rupa , Damania Ashish 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
CBF10-1 was isolated from a ranch in Fairchilds, Texas, USA. Its genome reveals a highly adaptable microorganism with a large complement of antibiotic and heavy metal resistance genes, efflux pumps, multidrug transporters, and xenobiotic degradation pathways.
Association of diabetes with tooth loss in Hispanic/Latino adults: findings from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Authors: Greenblatt Ariel P , Salazar Christian R , Northridge Mary E , Kaplan Robert C , Taylor George W , Finlayson Tracy L , Qi Qibin , Badner Victor 
Published: May 2016

ObjectivesTo investigate the association between diabetes mellitus and missing teeth in Hispanic/Latino adults from diverse heritage groups who reside in the USA.Research design and methodsThe Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) is a multicenter, population-based study of 18–74 years old who underwent a physical and oral examination (n=15 945). Glycemic status was categorized as diabetes, impaired, or normal, based on medication use, and American Diabetes Association criteria for fasting glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). HbA1c<7% indicated good glycemic control, and HbA1c>7% indicated uncontrolled diabetes. We estimated ORs and 95% CIs for missing>9 teeth and being edentulous (missing all natural teeth), after adjustment for age, income, education, Hispanic background, study site/center, nativity, last dental visit, health insurance, diet quality, cigarette smoking, obesity, periodontitis, and C reactive protein.ResultsPersons with uncontrolled diabetes had a significant increased likelihood of missing>9 teeth and being edentulous as compared with persons with normal glycemic status (adjusted OR=1.92, 95% CI 1.44 to 2.55 and adjusted OR=1.73, 95% CI 1.22 to 2.46, respectively). The association appeared to be stronger at younger ages (18–44 years old; p for interaction <0.0001). However, we found no associations of either impaired glycemia or controlled diabetes with tooth loss in adjusted models.ConclusionsDentists should be aware of their Hispanic patients' diabetes status and whether or not they are well controlled, because these may affect tooth loss and impair oral function, which can lead to poor nutrition and complications of diabetes.