bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐esteem as an important factor in quality of life and depressive symptoms in anosmia: A pilot study
Authors: Kollndorfer K. , Reichert J.L. , Brückler B. , Hinterleitner V. , Schöpf V. 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesPrevious research has reported a negative impact of olfactory dysfunction on quality of life (QoL) and depressive symptoms. As self‐esteem was identified as a contributing factor to depression, this study aimed to investigate QoL, depressive symptoms and self‐esteem in patients with smell loss.DesignProspective controlled study.SettingDepartment of Biomedical Imaging and Image‐guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, in co‐operation with the Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.ParticipantsTwenty‐two anosmic patients (12 females, 10 males) and 25 healthy controls (15 females, 10 males) participated in this study.Main outcome measuresOlfactory performance was assessed using the Sniffin’ Sticks battery. In addition, psychological questionnaires that covered the topics quality of life (WHOQOL‐BREF), depressive symptoms (BDI‐II) and self‐esteem (MSWS) were conducted.ResultsThe results of this study revealed a decrease in QoL and reduced body‐related self‐esteem in anosmic patients. Furthermore, QoL and self‐esteem were correlated with depressive symptoms.ConclusionAs self‐esteem, QoL and depressive symptoms in anosmia interact with each other, we suggest that self‐esteem should be considered in the medical history, in order to provide a personalised intervention, adapted to the patient's needs.
Influence of surface roughness on silicone rubber voice prostheses on in vitro biofilm formation and clinical lifetime in laryngectomised patients
Authors: Buijssen K.J.D.A. , Oosterhof J.J.H. , Basil L. , Waters M. , Duits M.A. , Busscher H.J. , van der Mei H.C. , van der Laan B.F.A.M. 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesEvaluation of the influence of a smooth surface moulding technique of silicone rubber indwelling voice prostheses on in vitro biofilm formation and analysis of the clinical in situ lifetime.DesignBiofilm formation on smooth and Groningen ultra low resistance (URL) prostheses was studied in an artificial throat model. The clinical lifetime of smooth voice prostheses was compared to the previous lifetime of URL by counting the number of replacements in a consecutive 6‐month period in the same patient. Participants: Eleven laryngectomised patients in follow‐up who required frequent replacement of their voice prostheses.SettingsTertiary University Medical Center.ResultsUse of a smoother mould and less viscous silicone rubber yielded a decrease in surface roughness from 46 to 8 nm and was accompanied by a 40% reduction in the prevalence of bacteria and yeast in in vitro formed biofilms. Clinically, the lifetime was significantly (P<.005) increased by a factor of 2.1.ConclusionsThis combined in vitro and clinical study suggests that the choice of material and in particular its surface finishing may be determining factors with respect to the clinical lifetime of silicone rubber implants and devices failing due to biofilm formation.
Striatal dysfunction in X‐linked dystonia‐parkinsonism is associated with disease progression
Authors: Brüggemann N. , Rosales R. L. , Waugh J. L. , Blood A. J. , Domingo A. , Heldmann M. , Jamora R. D. , Münchau A. , Münte T. F. , Lee L. V. , Buchmann I. , Klein C. 
Published: February 2017

Background and purposeX‐linked dystonia‐parkinsonism (XDP) is an inherited neurodegenerative adult‐onset movement disorder associated with striatal atrophy. As the dopaminergic system has not yet been systemically studied in this basal ganglia model disease, it is unclear whether nigrostriatal dysfunction contributes to parkinsonism in XDP.MethodsPre‐ and post‐synaptic dopaminergic function was assessed in XDP. A total of 10 123jod‐benzamide (IBZM) single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images were obtained for nine patients aged 42.3 ± 9.5 years (SD; range 30–52) and one asymptomatic mutation carrier (38 years), and four ioflupane (FP‐CIT) SPECT images were obtained for four patients, aged 41.5 ± 11.6 years (range 30–52 years). Structural magnetic resonance imaging was also performed for all mutation carriers and 10 matched healthy controls.ResultsAll patients were men who suffered from severe, disabling segmental or generalized dystonia and had varying degrees of parkinsonism. IBZM SPECT images were pathological in 8/9 symptomatic patients with distinct reduced post‐synaptic tracer uptake in the caudate nucleus and putamen, and unremarkable in the asymptomatic mutation carrier. Longer disease duration was correlated with lower IBZM binding ratios. All subjects exhibited slightly reduced FP‐CIT uptake values compared to controls for each analyzed region (−37% to −41%) which may be linked to basal ganglia volume loss. Visual inspection revealed physiological FP‐CIT uptake in 1/4 patients.ConclusionsThis nuclear imaging study provides evidence that the functional decline of post‐synaptic dopaminergic neurotransmission is related to disease duration and ongoing neurodegeneration. Given the severe striatal cell loss which could be verified with post‐synaptic nuclear imaging, both parkinsonism and dystonia in XDP are probably mainly due to striatal dysfunction.
Social deprivation and stroke severity on admission: a French cohort study in Burgundy and the West Indies – Guyana region
Authors: Béjot Y. , Guilloteau A. , Joux J. , Lannuzel A. , Mimeau E. , Mislin‐Tritsch C. , Fournel I. , Bonithon‐Kopp C. ,   the INDIA Study Group
Published: February 2017

Background and purposeAlthough there is growing and convincing evidence that socially deprived patients are at higher risk of stroke and worse outcomes, it remains controversial whether or not they suffer more severe stroke. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of social deprivation on initial clinical severity in patients with stroke.MethodsA total of 1536 consecutive patients with an acute first‐ever stroke (both ischaemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage) were prospectively enrolled from six French study centers. Stroke severity on admission was measured by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score. Social deprivation was assessed at the individual level by the Evaluation de la Précarité et des Inégalités de santé dans les Centres d'Examen de Santé (EPICES) score, a validated multidimensional questionnaire, and several additional single socioeconomic indicators. Polytomous logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between social deprivation and stroke severity.ResultsIn univariate analysis, the EPICES score (P = 0.039) and level of education (P = 0.018) were the only two socioeconomic variables associated with stroke severity. Multivariate analysis of the association between EPICES and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores showed that more deprived patients presented a significantly higher risk of both mild and moderate/severe stroke (odds ratio for mild versus minor stroke, 1.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.06–1.84; odds ratio for moderate/severe versus minor stroke, 1.44; 95% confidence interval, 1.09–1.92). A non‐significant trend towards a higher risk of both mild and moderate/severe stroke in less educated patients was observed.ConclusionsSocial deprivation was associated with a more severe clinical presentation in patients with stroke. These findings may contribute to the worse outcome after stroke in deprived patients, and underline the need for strategies to reduce social inequalities for stroke.
The impact of methodological choices on the outcome of national‐level climate change vulnerability assessments: An example from the global fisheries sector
Authors: Monnereau Iris , Mahon Robin , McConney Patrick , Nurse Leonard , Turner Rachel , Vallès Henri 
Published: February 2017

AbstractClimate change vulnerability assessments have been receiving increasing attention from policymakers and academics. Given scarce funds for adaptation, the UNFCCC Secretariat has suggested that eligible countries be prioritized for support based on their vulnerability to climate change. National‐level fisheries sector climate change vulnerability assessments as well as other overall vulnerability assessments to date have lent support to the idea that least developed countries (LDCs) are more vulnerable to climate change than small island developing states (SIDS) and other coastal countries. We demonstrate that these perceived differences in vulnerability among country groups are partly due to methodological choices made during these assessments. We argue that national‐level vulnerability assessments, and particularly those dealing with the fisheries sector, often suffer from four main methodological shortcomings: (i) an inconsistent representation of countries belonging to each group, (ii) use of socioeconomic indicators that are not scaled to population size, (iii) use of a small number of indicators and (iv) lack of accounting for potential redundancy among indicators. Building on a previous framework, we show that by addressing the four aforementioned methodological shortcomings, the ranking in fisheries sector vulnerability among SIDS, LDCs and other coastal countries is altered significantly. Our results underscore that the vulnerability of SIDS was partially concealed in previous assessments and suggest that SIDS are in fact the most vulnerable group. Although this study focuses on assessing the vulnerability of the fisheries sector to climate change in SIDS, LDCs and other coastal countries, the implications also apply to other sectors and country groupings.
Monomer‐to‐dimer transition of Brucella suis type IV secretion system component VirB8 induces conformational changes
Authors: Sharifahmadian Mahzad , Arya Tarun , Bessette Benoit , Lecoq Lauriane , Ruediger Edward , Omichinski James G. , Baron Christian 
Published: February 2017

Secretion systems are protein complexes essential for bacterial virulence and potential targets for antivirulence drugs. In the intracellular pathogen Brucella suis, a type IV secretion system mediates the translocation of virulence factors into host cells and it is essential for pathogenicity. VirB8 is a core component of the secretion system and dimerization is important for functionality of the protein complex. We set out to study dimerization and possible conformational changes of VirB8 from B. suis (VirB8s) using nuclear magnetic resonance, X‐ray crystallography, and differential scanning fluorimetry. We identified changes of the protein induced by a concentration‐dependent monomer‐to‐dimer transition of the periplasmic domain (VirB8sp). We also show that the presence of the detergent CHAPS alters several signals in the heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) spectra and some of these chemical shift changes correspond to those observed during monomer–dimer transition. X‐ray analysis of a monomeric variant (VirB8spM102R) demonstrates that significant structural changes occur in the protein's α‐helical regions (α2 and α4). We localized chemical shift changes of residues at the dimer interface as well as to the α1 helix that links this interface to a surface groove that binds dimerization inhibitors. Fragment‐based screening identified small molecules that bind to VirB8sp and two of them have differential binding affinity for wild‐type and the VirB8spM102R variant underlining their different conformations. The observed chemical shift changes suggest conformational changes of VirB8s during monomer–dimer transition that may play a role during secretion system assembly or function and they provide insights into the mechanism of inhibitor action.DatabaseBMRB accession no. 26852 and PDB 5JBS.
Life history tactics shape amphibians’ demographic responses to the North Atlantic Oscillation
Authors: Cayuela Hugo , Joly Pierre , Schmidt Benedikt R. , Pichenot Julian , Bonnaire Eric , Priol Pauline , Peyronel Olivier , Laville Mathias , Besnard Aurélien 
Published: February 2017

AbstractOver the last three decades, climate abnormalities have been reported to be involved in biodiversity decline by affecting population dynamics. A growing number of studies have shown that the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) influences the demographic parameters of a wide range of plant and animal taxa in different ways. Life history theory could help to understand these different demographic responses to the NAO. Indeed, theory states that the impact of weather variation on a species’ demographic traits should depend on its position along the fast–slow continuum. In particular, it is expected that NAO would have a higher impact on recruitment than on adult survival in slow species, while the opposite pattern is expected occur in fast species. To test these predictions, we used long‐term capture–recapture datasets (more than 15,000 individuals marked from 1965 to 2015) on different surveyed populations of three amphibian species in Western Europe: Triturus cristatus, Bombina variegata, and Salamandra salamandra. Despite substantial intraspecific variation, our study revealed that these three species differ in their position on a slow–fast gradient of pace of life. Our results also suggest that the differences in life history tactics influence amphibian responses to NAO fluctuations: Adult survival was most affected by the NAO in the species with the fastest pace of life (T. cristatus), whereas recruitment was most impacted in species with a slower pace of life (B. variegata and S. salamandra). In the context of climate change, our findings suggest that the capacity of organisms to deal with future changes in NAO values could be closely linked to their position on the fast–slow continuum.
Debt problems, home‐leaving, and boomeranging: A register‐based perspective on economic consequences of moving away from parental home
Authors: Oksanen Atte , Aaltonen Mikko , Majamaa Karoliina , Rantala Kati 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis article analyses the development of financial problems after leaving one's parental home, and considers how financial problems are associated with likelihood of boomeranging (i.e., adult children returning to parental home). The 9‐year follow‐up study focused on a nationally representative sample of Finnish young people between the ages of 15 and 25 who moved out from their parental home between 2006 and 2009 (n = 9,196). The measure of debt problems was based on monthly data on debt enforcement, a legal matter which may bring serious consequences for the debtors. The primary within‐individual, longitudinal analyses showed that debt problems increased directly after leaving parental home. Education and family background were significant predictors of debt problems in the four years after leaving parental home. Early leavers had significantly more debt problems than later leavers. Debt problems were associated with a higher likelihood of moving back to parental home. The results imply that it is important to support economic decision‐making during early adulthood.
Female consumers as agents of change for transforming the environmental sustainability landscape
Authors: D'Souza Clare , Taghian Mehdi 
Published: February 2017

AbstractFaith in others (FIO; governments and businesses) can be seen as society's predisposition to handle environmental problems. The article examines whether women, who undertake a large majority of household purchases, can influence change in consumption practices so as to contribute to sustainability initiatives. Understanding women's character in this manner is informative, it helps us to consider how a women's role as a household purchasing agent is an important nexus to environmental sustainability. The study found that FIO has an influence on women's purchasing decisions. The study provides additional support to strengthen women's role in environmental matters. Not all women were found to be sustainability‐minded. In the challenges faced by women with respect to their influence, evidence from this research suggests that if women have more faith in governments and businesses it would make them more eco‐savvy to act as agents of change for transforming the environmental sustainability landscape.
Beyond the market—New practices of supply in times of crisis: The example community‐supported agriculture
Authors: Blättel‐Mink Birgit , Boddenberg Moritz , Gunkel Lenard , Schmitz Sarah , Vaessen Franziska 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe discourses and material consequences of the crisis dynamics of capitalist societies increasingly spawn practices of production and supply that are situated outside capitalist market logic. One example of such an alternative practice is Community‐Supported Agriculture (CSA), a social innovation that is comprehensively analyzed here in the German context. Applying the concept of social innovation, the authors carried out a standardized survey, semi‐structured interviews and a discourse analysis of CSA farms in Germany. This paper identifies the (international) crisis discourses to which Community‐Supported Agriculture is a reaction, and the motivations of CSA members are outlined. Innovative facets of CSA such as solidarity, de‐commodification, and prosuming are identified. It becomes apparent that Community‐Supported Agriculture is not a homogeneous phenomenon, but can be differentiated into various types ? sociopolitical, spiritual‐communal, and pragmatic‐economic ‐ which differ in respect of how they express (social) innovation as well as in their attitudes to crises.
Prevention and treatment of symptoms associated with indwelling ureteral stents: A systematic review
Authors: Betschart Patrick , Zumstein Valentin , Piller Alberto , Schmid Hans‐Peter , Abt Dominik 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTemporary drainage of the upper urinary tract by internal ureteral stents is a routine procedure in endourology. However, it is associated with a clear side‐effect profile. Our aim was to evaluate prevention and treatment options of stent‐related symptoms. We carried out a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis guidelines using MEDLINE and SCOPUS, and identified 107 appropriate records. A high number of these studies showed clear methodological limitations. Available data clearly support the use of α1‐blockers in patients suffering from stent‐related symptoms. It seems that antimuscarinic monotherapy or combination with α1‐blockers might also play an important role, whereas the use of classical analgesics in the treatment of stent‐related symptoms has not been assessed systematically within clinical trials so far. Improvements in stent design and material seem to have the potential to reduce stent‐related symptoms. However, so far there is no type of stent with outstanding characteristics and clear evidence suggesting fundamental advantages compared with a standard double pigtail stent. Although stent diameter does not seem to influence patients’ comfort, it seems to be beneficial to choose a proper stent‐length. Coated and drug‐eluting stents, as well as intravesical drug application, seem to be promising concepts to prevent stent‐related symptoms, but still have to be considered as experimental approaches. Furthermore, thorough patient education has the potential to reduce the morbidity associated with ureteral stenting. Further research in the field seems to be mandatory.
Review of insulin‐associated hypoglycemia and its impact on the management of diabetes in Southeast Asian countries
Authors: Goh Su‐Yen , Hussein Zanariah , Rudijanto Achmad 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAlthough the incidence of diabetes is rising in Southeast Asia, there is limited information regarding the incidence and manifestation of insulin‐associated hypoglycemia. The aim of the present review was to discuss what is currently known regarding insulin‐associated hypoglycemia in Southeast Asia, including its known incidence and impact in the region, and how the Southeast Asian population with diabetes differs from other populations. We found a paucity of data regarding the incidence of hypoglycemia in Southeast Asia, which has contributed to the adoption of Western guidelines. This might not be appropriate, as Southeast Asians have a range of etiological, educational and cultural differences from Western populations with diabetes that might place them at greater risk of hypoglycemia if not managed optimally. For example, Southeast Asians with type 2 diabetes tend to be younger, with lower body mass indexes than their Western counterparts, and the management of type 2 diabetes with premixed insulin preparations is more common in Southeast Asia. Both of these factors might result in higher rates of hypoglycemia. In addition, Southeast Asians are often poorly educated about hypoglycemia and its management, including during Ramadan fasting. We conclude there is a need for more information about Southeast Asian populations with diabetes to assist with the construction of more appropriate national and regional guidelines for the management of hypoglycemia, more closely aligned to patient demographics, behaviors and treatment practices. Such bespoke guidelines might result in a greater degree of implementation and adherence within clinical practice in Southeast Asian nations.
Rapid in‐focus corrections on quantitative amplitude and phase imaging using transport of intensity equation method
Authors: MENG X. , TIAN X. , KONG Y. , SUN A. , YU W. , QIAN W. , SONG X. , CUI H. , XUE L. , LIU C. , WANG S. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryTransport of intensity equation (TIE) method can acquire sample phase distributions with high speed and accuracy, offering another perspective for cellular observations and measurements. However, caused by incorrect focal plane determination, blurs and halos are induced, decreasing resolution and accuracy in both retrieved amplitude and phase information. In order to obtain high‐accurate sample details, we propose TIE based in‐focus correction technique for quantitative amplitude and phase imaging, which can locate focal plane and then retrieve both in‐focus intensity and phase distributions combining with numerical wavefront extraction and propagation as well as physical image recorder translation. Certified by both numerical simulations and practical measurements, it is believed the proposed method not only captures high‐accurate in‐focus sample information, but also provides a potential way for fast autofocusing in microscopic system.
Social Value Creation and Relational Coordination in Public‐Private Collaborations
Authors: Caldwell Nigel D. , Roehrich Jens K. , George Gerard 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPublic‐private collaborations, or hybrid organizational forms, are often difficult to organize because of disparate goals, incentives, and management practices. Some of this misalignment is addressed structurally or contractually, but not the management processes and practices. In this study, we examine how the coordination of these social and work relationships, or relational coordination, affects task performance and the creation of social value. We employ a dyadic perspective on two long‐term relationships that are part of a wider ecosystem. We illustrate the social value creation process, identifying mutual knowledge and goal alignment, as necessary to create relational coordination. We find that the degree of professional embeddedness moderates the link between coordination and task performance, and explore the role that organizational and ecosystem experiences play. We develop a model of how relational coordination influences social value creation in hybrids. The findings have implications for social value creation, hybrid collaborations, and organizational design.