bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of congenital quantitative fibrinogen disorders: a Delphi consensus
Authors: Casini A. , de Moerloose P. ,   the Congenital Fibrinogen Disorders Group
Published: September 2016

IntroductionNo evidence‐based guidelines for the management of patients suffering from afibrinogenaemia and hypofibrinogenaemia are available.Aim and methodThe aim of this study was to harmonize patient's care among invited haemophilia experts from Belgium, France and Switzerland. A Delphi‐like methodology was used to reach a consensus on: prophylaxis, bleeding, surgery, pregnancy and thrombosis management.ResultsThe main final statements are as follows: (i) a secondary fibrinogen prophylaxis should be started after a first life‐threatening bleeding in patients with afibrinogenaemia; (ii) during prophylaxis the target trough fibrinogen level should be 0.5 g L−1; (iii) if an adaptation of dosage is required, the frequency of infusions rather than the fibrinogen amount should be modified; (iv) afibrinogenaemic patients undergoing a surgery at high bleeding risk should receive fibrinogen concentrates regardless of the personal or family history of bleeding; (v) moderate hypofibrinogenaemic patients (i.e. ≥0.5 g L−1) without previous bleeding (despite haemostatic challenges) undergoing a surgery at low bleeding risk may not receive fibrinogen concentrates as prophylaxis; (vi) monitoring the trough fibrinogen levels should be performed at least once a month throughout the pregnancy and a foetal growth and placenta development close monitoring by ultrasound is recommended; (vii) fibrinogen replacement should be started concomitantly to the introduction of anticoagulation in afibrinogenaemic patients suffering from a venous thromboembolic event; and (viii) low‐molecular‐weight heparin is the anticoagulant of choice in case of venous thromboembolism.ConclusionThe results of this initiative should help clinicians in the difficult management of patients with congenital fibrinogen disorders.
The impact of a haemophilia education intervention on the knowledge and health related quality of life of parents of Indian children with haemophilia
Authors: Phadnis S. , Kar A. 
Published: September 2016

IntroductionThe impact of haemophilia education on the quality of life of parents of children with haemophilia from low income settings has not been studied.AimThe purpose of this study was to determine the impact of an education intervention on health related quality of life (HRQOL) of parents of children with haemophilia, parent's knowledge about haemophilia and its management, and to determine whether education about haemophilia can positively impact these outcomes.MethodsOne hundred thirty‐three parents from across Maharashtra state, India were provided information about haemophilia, care of child and self‐care. The impact of the intervention was measured as changes occurring from baseline to 6 months and 1 year after intervention. Knowledge and practice of management of bleeding was measured using pretested structured questionnaires. HRQOL was measured using a validated Peds Quality of Life™ Family Impact Module (PedsQL™FIM) tool.ResultsThere was improvement in knowledge scores immediately after intervention, which remained significantly higher than baseline 1 year after intervention. HRQOL showed significant improvement at 6 months but reduced to baseline levels 1 year after intervention. There were statistically significant changes in terms of practice of management of bleeding episodes at 6 months and 1 year after intervention.ConclusionEducation about haemophilia resulted in improvement of knowledge, and practice of management of bleeding which was retained till a year after the intervention. However, a long‐term effect on the HRQOL of parents could not be observed after administration of a single education intervention.
Retracted: MicroRNA‐181b negatively regulates the proliferation of human epidermal keratinocytes in psoriasis through targeting TLR4
Authors: Feng Cheng , Bai Ming , Yu Nan‐Ze , Wang Xiao‐Jun , Liu Zeng 
Published: September 2016

AbstractOur study aims to explore the role of microRNA‐181b (miR‐181b) and TLR in the regulation of cell proliferation of human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs) in psoriasis. Twenty‐eight patients diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris were selected as a case group with their lesional and non‐lesional skin tissues collected. A control group consisted of 20 patients who underwent plastic surgery with their healthy skin tissues collected. Real‐time quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR), in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expressions of miR‐181b and TLR4 in HEKs of healthy skin, psoriatic lesional skin and non‐lesional skin respectively. The 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of TLR4 combined with miR‐181b was verified by a dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Western blotting and bromodeoxyuridine were applied for corresponding detection of TLR4 expression and cell mitosis. The expression of miR‐181b in HEKs of psoriatic lesional skin was less than healthy skin and psoriatic non‐lesional skin. In psoriatic lesional and non‐lesional skin, TLR4‐positive cell rates and the number of positive cells per square millimetre were higher than healthy skin. The dual‐luciferase reporter assay verified that miR‐181b targets TLR4. HEKs transfected with miR‐181b mimics had decreased expression of TLR4, along with the decrease of mitotic indexes and Brdu labelling indexes. However, HEKs transfected with miR‐181b inhibitors showed increased TLR4 expression, mitotic indexes and Brdu labelling indexes. HEKs transfected with both miR‐181b inhibitors and siTLR4 had decreased mitotic indexes and Brdu labelling indexes. These results indicate that miR‐181b can negatively regulate the proliferation of HEKs in psoriasis by targeting TLR4.
Defining ADHD symptom persistence in adulthood: optimizing sensitivity and specificity
Authors: Sibley Margaret H. , Swanson James M. , Arnold L. Eugene , Hechtman Lily T. , Owens Elizabeth B. , Stehli Annamarie , Abikoff Howard , Hinshaw Stephen P. , Molina Brooke S.G. , Mitchell John T. , Jensen Peter S. , Howard Andrea L. , Lakes Kimberley D. , Pelham William E. ,   the MTA Cooperative Group
Published: September 2016

ObjectiveLongitudinal studies of children diagnosed with ADHD report widely ranging ADHD persistence rates in adulthood (5–75%). This study documents how information source (parent vs. self‐report), method (rating scale vs. interview), and symptom threshold (DSM vs. norm‐based) influence reported ADHD persistence rates in adulthood.MethodFive hundred seventy‐nine children were diagnosed with DSM‐IV ADHD‐Combined Type at baseline (ages 7.0–9.9 years) 289 classmates served as a local normative comparison group (LNCG), 476 and 241 of whom respectively were evaluated in adulthood (Mean Age = 24.7). Parent and self‐reports of symptoms and impairment on rating scales and structured interviews were used to investigate ADHD persistence in adulthood.ResultsPersistence rates were higher when using parent rather than self‐reports, structured interviews rather than rating scales (for self‐report but not parent report), and a norm‐based (NB) threshold of 4 symptoms rather than DSM criteria. Receiver‐Operating Characteristics (ROC) analyses revealed that sensitivity and specificity were optimized by combining parent and self‐reports on a rating scale and applying a NB threshold.ConclusionThe interview format optimizes young adult self‐reporting when parent reports are not available. However, the combination of parent and self‐reports from rating scales, using an ‘or’ rule and a NB threshold optimized the balance between sensitivity and specificity. With this definition, 60% of the ADHD group demonstrated symptom persistence and 41% met both symptom and impairment criteria in adulthood.
Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase as a prognostic and follow‐up marker in melanoma. A comparative study with LDH and S100B
Authors: de Lecea M.V. , Palomares T. , Al Kassam D. , Cavia M. , Geh J.L.C. , de Llano P. , Muñiz P. , Armesto D. , Martinez‐Indart L. , Alonso‐Varona A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundTo date, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and S100B remain the most useful biomarkers for follow‐up of melanoma patients. In recent years, indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO), an immunosuppressive enzyme, has been proposed as a new potential tumour biomarker for melanoma. However, further studies are needed to confirm the usefulness of IDO expression as an independent prognostic factor.ObjectiveTo explore the potential association between serum IDO levels and melanoma stage at diagnosis and recurrence, and to compare the results to those obtained with LDH and S100B. In addition, we also investigated a possible cut off for IDO level as a prognostic factor for overall survival.MethodsIDO, LDH and S100B levels were measured in serum samples of 186 patients in all melanoma stages at diagnosis and twice a year thereafter. A cut‐off point for IDO levels was calculated using receiver operating characteristic curves to explore the association between these levels and the likelihood of lymphatic spread. Survival curves were estimated for patient groups stratified by IDO level (higher or lower than the cut off), using the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsAt diagnosis, serum IDO levels were significantly higher in stages IB, II, III and IV, whereas S100B levels were significantly higher in stages III and IV, and LDH levels were only higher in stage IV. In relapsed patients, significant increases were found in levels of all three markers. Finally, overall survival was significantly longer in patients with IDO levels below a cut off of 1.65 μM at diagnosis than in those with higher levels (91.3 vs. 71.0% at 36 months).ConclusionIn melanoma patients, serum IDO levels are significantly associated with disease stage, relapses and overall survival. These results indicate IDO could be a useful serum prognostic marker for melanoma.
Social problem‐solving in Chinese baccalaureate nursing students
Authors: Fang Jinbo , Luo Ying , Li Yanhua , Huang Wenxia 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo describe social problem solving in Chinese baccalaureate nursing students.MethodsA descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted with a cluster sample of 681 Chinese baccalaureate nursing students. The Chinese version of the Social Problem‐Solving scale was used. Descriptive analyses, independent t‐test and one‐way analysis of variance were applied to analyze the data.FindingsThe final year nursing students presented the highest scores of positive social problem‐solving skills. Students with experiences of self‐directed and problem‐based learning presented significantly higher scores in Positive Problem Orientation subscale. The group with Critical thinking training experience, however, displayed higher negative problem solving scores compared with nonexperience group.ConclusionsSocial problem solving abilities varied based upon teaching–learning strategies. Self‐directed and problem‐based learning may be recommended as effective way to improve social problem‐solving ability.
Fecal neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin as a biomarker for inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Thorsvik Silje , Damås Jan Kristian , Granlund Atle vB , Flo Trude Helen , Bergh Kåre , Østvik Ann Elisabet , Sandvik Arne Kristian 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackground and AimAccurate, noninvasive biomarkers are needed to diagnose and monitor inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL), also known as lipocalin 2, is expressed in inflamed colonic epithelium and neutrophilic granulocytes. This study explores its properties as a biomarker in feces and plasma and, for the first time, compares fecal NGAL systematically with the existing fecal biomarker calprotectin.MethodsNeutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin was measured in feces from 73 patients with IBD, 21 patients with infectious enterocolitis, 21 patients with irritable bowel syndrome, and 23 healthy subjects using ELISA. The results were correlated to calprotectin, clinical score, endoscopic score, and high‐sensitive C‐reactive protein. Plasma from 119 patients with IBD and 28 healthy controls was analyzed for NGAL.ResultsFecal NGAL levels (median and interquartile range) were significantly elevated in active ulcerative colitis (UC) 6.05 (3.6–15.1) mg/kg and Crohn's disease (CD) 4.9 (1.5–7.7) mg/kg, compared with patients with inactive UC 1.3 (0.4–2.6) mg/kg, inactive CD 1.5 (0.5–1.7) mg/kg, irritable bowel syndrome 0.4 (0.2–0.6) mg/kg, and healthy controls (HC) 0.3 (0.1–0.4) mg/kg. Patients with infectious enterocolitis had significantly higher fecal‐NGAL levels, 2.7 (1.4–5.6) mg/kg than HC. Sensitivity and specificity was 94.7% and 95.7%, respectively, for distinguishing between active IBD and HC. Stability of NGAL in stool was excellent for 7 days in room temperature. Plasma NGAL was significantly elevated in UC and CD compared with HC.ConclusionsFecal NGAL is a promising biomarker for IBD. As existing biomarkers are expressed mainly in granulocytes, NGAL's epithelial localization may give supplementary diagnostic information.
Label‐free detection of fibrillar collagen deposition associated with vascular elements in glioblastoma multiforme by using multiphoton microscopy
Authors: JIANG L.W. , WANG X.F. , WU Z.Y. , LIN P.H. , DU H.P. , WANG S. , LI L.H. , FANG N. , ZHUO S.M. , KANG D.Z. , CHEN J.X. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM‐WHO grade IV) is the most common and the most aggressive form of brain tumors in adults with the median survival of 10–12 months. The diagnostic detection of extracellular matrix (ECM) component in the tumour microenvironment is of prognostic value. In this paper, the fibrillar collagen deposition associated with vascular elements in GBM were investigated in the fresh specimens and unstained histological slices by using multiphoton microscopy (MPM) based on two‐photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG). Our study revealed the existence of fibrillar collagen deposition in the adventitia of remodelled large blood vessels and in glomeruloid vascular structures in GBM. The degree of fibrillar collagen deposition can be quantitatively evaluated by measuring the adventitial thickness of blood vessels or calculating the ratio of SHG pixel to the whole pixel of glomeruloid vascular structure in MPM images. These results indicated that MPM can not only be employed to perform a retrospective study in unstained histological slices but also has the potential to apply for in vivo brain imaging to understand correlations between malignancy of gliomas and fibrillar collagen deposition.
Comparative analysis of cesarean section rates using Robson Ten‐Group Classification System and Lorenz curve in the main institutions in Japan
Authors: Ono Tetsuo , Matsuda Yoshio , Sasaki Kemal , Satoh Shoji , Tsuji Shunichiro , Kimura Fuminori , Murakami Takashi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to clarify the indication for cesarean section (CS) using the Robson Ten‐Group Classification System (RTGCS) and to clarify the center variation using the Lorenz curve in the main institutions in Japan.MethodsThe records of 68 702 deliveries, which were performed in 125 institutions, were extracted from the Japanese perinatal database in 2013 and the cases were classified using the RTGCS, which classifies deliveries into one of 10 groups on the basis of five parameters. The equality of the CS rate of each hospital was evaluated by the Lorenz curve and the Gini coefficient. The standard error (SE) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for the Gini coefficient were determined by the bootstrap method. The institutions were divided into three categories depending on their scale: comprehensive center (CC, Category I), regional center (RC, Category II) and others (Category III).ResultsThe overall CS rate was 37.3%. The difference between Categories I (42.6%) and II (34.3%) was significant (P = 0.02). The CS rates that were classified as RTGCS group 3 (multiparous, single cephalic, ≥37 weeks, with spontaneous labor) were higher in Category I (4.0%) than in Category II (2.7%, P = 0.01). The Gini coefficient of Category I (0.119 ± 0.015; 95%CI, 0.092–0.152) was significantly lower than that of Category II (0.189 ± 0.013; 95%CI, 0.16–0.217).ConclusionWe clarified the indication of CS and center variation. These two types of methods are useful for the evaluation of medical intervention in the perinatal field.
Cortical Thickness and Episodic Memory Impairment in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Bizzo Bernardo Canedo , Sanchez Tiago Arruda , Tukamoto Gustavo , Zimmermann Nicolle , Netto Tania Maria , Gasparetto Emerson Leandro 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThe purpose of this study was to investigate differences in brain cortical thickness of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with and without episodic memory impairment and healthy controls.METHODSWe studied 51 patients divided in 2 groups (SLE with episodic memory deficit, n = 17; SLE without episodic memory deficit, n = 34) by the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and 34 healthy controls. Groups were paired based on sex, age, education, Mini‐Mental State Examination score, and accumulation of disease burden. Cortical thickness from magnetic resonance imaging scans was determined using the FreeSurfer software package.RESULTSSLE patients with episodic memory deficits presented reduced cortical thickness in the left supramarginal cortex and superior temporal gyrus when compared to the control group and in the right superior frontal, caudal, and rostral middle frontal and precentral gyri when compared to the SLE group without episodic memory impairment considering time since diagnosis of SLE as covaried. There were no significant differences in the cortical thickness between the SLE without episodic memory and control groups.CONCLUSIONSDifferent memory‐related cortical regions thinning were found in the episodic memory deficit group when individually compared to the groups of patients without memory impairment and healthy controls.
Prosthodontic decision‐making relating to dentitions with compromised molars: the perspective of Swedish General Dental Practitioners
Authors: Korduner E.‐K. , Collin Bagewitz I. , Vult von Steyern P. , Wolf E. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThe aim of this investigation was to study the clinical prosthodontic decision‐making process relating to dentitions with compromised molars among Swedish general dental practitioners (GDPs). Eleven Swedish GDPs were purposively selected, and all agreed to participate. Then, in‐depth, semi‐structured interviews were conducted and covered treatment considerations concerning two authentic patient cases, initially with complete dental arches, and later, a final treatment based on a shortened dental arch (SDA) was discussed. The cases involved patients with compromised teeth situated mainly in the molar regions. One patient suffered from extensive caries and the other from severe periodontal disease. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the data. In the systematic analysis, two main categories were identified: holistic and functional approach. Among the interviewed GDPs, focus was put on patients’ needs, background history and motivation for treatment as well as the preservation of molar support. Within the limitations of this study, the following can be concluded: keeping a dental arch with molars seems to be important to Swedish general dental practitioners. The SDA concept does not seem to have a substantial impact on the prosthodontic decision‐making relating to dentitions with compromised molars. The dentist's experiences, as well as colleagues’ or consulting specialist advice together with aetiological factors and the patient's individual situation, influence the decision‐making more than the SDA concept. The conflicting results in the prosthetic decision‐making process concerning the relevance of age and the need for molar support need further investigation, for example based on decisions made in the dentist′s own clinical practice.
Involving Service Users with Intellectual Disability in Research: Experiences from the STOP Diabetes Study
Authors: Tyrer Freya , Dunkley Alison J. , Spong Rebecca , Gangadharan Satheesh K. , Bhaumik Sabyasachi , Khunti Kamlesh 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe involvement of service users (people who use health and social care services) in research is central to UK policies, is an integral component of many research funding programs and improves the quality and uptake of research. People with intellectual disability are often excluded from research involvement. The purpose of this article is to describe how adult service users with intellectual disability were involved in the early stages of a diabetes screening study conducted in Leicestershire, UK. People who volunteered were involved in five key areas: publicity, study documentation and process development, acceptability of measures, recruitment of research staff, and training of staff. Service users helped with logo selection, publicity materials, designing art work, raising awareness of the study, study documents, rehearsing clinics, and recruiting and training research staff. Our findings demonstrate that with careful planning adults with intellectual disability can meaningfully be involved and benefit from involvement in research. We look forward to continued involvement with service users with intellectual disability in future research studies.
Occurrence of jasmonates during cystocarp development in the red alga Grateloupia imbricata
Authors: Pilar Garcia‐Jimenez , Olegario Brito‐Romano , Rafael Robaina R. 
Published: September 2016

In this study, we highlight the effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJa) on cystocarp development in the red macroscopic alga Grateloupia imbricata. In G. imbricata, jasmonate release is related to the reproductive state, as fertile thalli (i.e., those that have cystocarps) released significant amounts of this volatile compound (1.27 ± 0.20 mM · mg fw−1 · h−1) compared with infertile thalli (0.95 ± 0.12 mM · mg fw−1 · h−1). Treating G. imbricata thalli with MeJa revealed a significant increase in cystocarp number (1.5 ± 0.27 cystocarps · mm−2), which was ~7.5‐fold greater than in untreated thalli (0.2 ± 0.07 cystocarps · mm−2). Maturation was completed within 48 h with MeJa treatment, a shortening of the typical >3‐week maturation period, and included the opening of cystocarps and the presence of dehiscent cavities. Release rates of jasmonates after exogenous MeJa treatment were also modified based on the cystocarp maturation level. All of these effects were reduced in the presence of phenidone, which blocks MeJa production, indicating that the MeJa action is genuine. The effects of MeJa during cystocarp maturation were not replicated by derivatives of reactive oxygen species from the same jasmonic acid biosynthetic pathway, as the activities of scavenger enzymes and lipid peroxidation were unchanged between infertile and fertile thalli. Therefore, a reactive oxygen species–based mechanism is not involved during cystocarp development. We conclude that MeJa has an independent function as a growth regulator during G. imbricata reproduction.