bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of a randomised intervention study: the effect of dumbbell exercise therapy on physical activity and quality of life among breast cancer survivors in Malaysia
Authors: Rufa'i Adamu Ahmad , Muda Wan Abdul Manan Wan , Yen Siew Hwa , Abd Shatar Aishah Knight , Murali Bhavaraju Venkata Krishna , Tan Shu Wen 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundParticipation in physical activity has a positive impact on the overall health and quality of life, whereas physical inactivity is associated with a poor prognosis among breast cancer survivors. Despite the health-enhancing benefits of physical activity, the majority of Malaysian breast cancer survivors are not physically active. This paper presents the design of a randomised study to evaluate the feasibility and effect of exercise therapy intervention using light resistance dumbbell exercise to promote active lifestyle and improve the quality of life of breast cancer survivors in Malaysia.Methods/designThis is an intervention study of a 12-week exercise therapy that will explore and compare the effects of light resistance and aerobic exercise on physical activity level and quality of life components in 102 female breast cancer survivors. Major eligibility criteria include histologically confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer stages I–III, 3–12 months post-diagnosis, and absence of any disorder contraindicating exercise. Participants will be stratified based on menopausal status (pre-menopause vs post-menopause) and then assigned randomly to one of three groups. Participants in group A will participate in a three-times weekly supervised resistance exercise using light resistance dumbbells; participants in group B will participate in a three-times weekly supervised aerobic exercise; while participants in group C (control group) will be given aerobic exercise after completion of the intervention. The primary end points include physical activity level and quality of life components. The secondary end points are body mass index, body composition, total caloric intake, and waist-to-hip ratio.DiscussionAlthough there have been many studies of resistance exercise in breast cancer survivors, this is the first study using this specific mode of resistance. Findings will contribute data on the feasibility and effects of light resistance dumbbell exercises, and provide knowledge on the physical activity intervention programme that will maximally promote better overall health and well-being of survivors.
BTK Modulates p53 Activity to Enhance Apoptotic and Senescent Responses
Authors: Althubiti Mohammad , Rada Miran , Samuel Jesvin , Escorsa Josep M. , Najeeb Hishyar , Lee Koon-Guan , Lam Kong-Peng , Jones George D.D. , Barlev Nickolai A. , Macip Salvador 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
p53 is a tumor suppressor that prevents the emergence of transformed cells by inducing apoptosis or senescence, among other responses. Its functions are regulated tightly by posttranslational modifications. Here we show that Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a novel modulator of p53. We found that BTK is induced in response to DNA damage and p53 activation. BTK induction leads to p53 phosphorylation, which constitutes a positive feedback loop that increases p53 protein levels and enhances the transactivation of its target genes in response to stress. Inhibiting BTK reduced both p53-dependent senescence and apoptosis. Further, BTK expression also upregulated DNA damage signals and apoptosis. We conclude that despite being involved in oncogenic signals in blood malignancies, BTK has antineoplastic properties in other contexts, such as the enhancement of p53's tumor suppressor responses. Along with evidence that BTK expression correlates with good prognosis in some epithelial tumors, our findings may encourage a reevaluation of the clinical uses of BTK inhibitors in cancer therapy. Cancer Res; 76(18); 5405–14. ©2016 AACR.
Long-term Diet and Biomarker Changes after a Short-term Intervention among Hispanic Breast Cancer Survivors: The¡Cocinar Para Su Salud!Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Greenlee Heather , Ogden Gaffney Ann , Aycinena A. Corina , Koch Pam , Contento Isobel , Karmally Wahida , Richardson John M. , Shi Zaixing , Lim Emerson , Tsai Wei-Yann , Santella Regina M. , Blaner William S. , Clugston Robin D. , Cremers Serge , Pollak Susan , Sirosh Iryna , Crew Katherine D. , Maurer Matthew , Kalinsky Kevin , Hershman Dawn L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackground: Among Hispanic breast cancer survivors, we examined the long-term effects of a short-term culturally based dietary intervention on increasing fruits/vegetables (F/V), decreasing fat, and changing biomarkers associated with breast cancer recurrence risk.Methods: Spanish-speaking women (n = 70) with a history of stage 0–III breast cancer who completed treatment were randomized to ¡Cocinar Para Su Salud! (n = 34), a culturally based 9-session program (24 hours over 12 weeks, including nutrition education, cooking classes, and food-shopping field trips), or a control group (n = 36, written dietary recommendations for breast cancer survivors). Diet recalls, fasting blood, and anthropometric measures were collected at baseline, 6, and 12 months. We report changes between groups at 12 months in dietary intake and biomarkers using 2-sample Wilcoxon t tests and generalized estimating equation (GEE) models.Results: At 12 months, the intervention group compared with the control group reported higher increases in mean daily F/V servings (total: +2.0 vs. −0.4; P &lt; 0.01), and nonsignificant decreases in the percentage of calories from fat (−2.2% vs. −1.1%; P = 0.69) and weight (−2.6 kg vs. −1.5 kg; P = 0.56). Compared with controls, participants in the intervention group had higher increases in plasma lutein (+20.4% vs. −11.5%; P &lt; 0.01), and borderline significant increases in global DNA methylation (+0.8% vs. −0.5%; P = 0.06).Conclusions: The short-term ¡Cocinar Para Su Salud! program was effective at increasing long-term F/V intake in Hispanic breast cancer survivors and changed biomarkers associated with breast cancer recurrence risk.Impact: It is possible for short-term behavioral interventions to have long-term effects on behaviors and biomarkers in minority cancer patient populations. Results can inform future study designs. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(11); 1491–502. ©2016 AACR.
Prognosis of Patients With Familial Hypercholesterolemia After Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Nanchen David , Gencer Baris , Muller Olivier , Auer Reto , Aghlmandi Soheila , Heg Dik , Klingenberg Roland , Räber Lorenz , Carballo David , Carballo Sebastian , Matter Christian M. , Lüscher Thomas F. , Windecker Stephan , Mach François , Rodondi Nicolas 
Published: July 2016

BACKGROUND:
Patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and coronary heart disease have high mortality rates. However, in an era of high-dose statin prescription after acute coronary syndrome (ACS), the risk of recurrent coronary and cardiovascular events associated with FH might be mitigated. We compared coronary event rates between patients with and without FH after ACS.

METHODS:
We studied 4534 patients with ACS enrolled in a multicenter, prospective cohort study in Switzerland between 2009 and 2013 who were individually screened for FH on the basis of clinical criteria according to 3 definitions: the American Heart Association definition, the Simon Broome definition, and the Dutch Lipid Clinic definition. We used Cox proportional models to assess the 1-year risk of first recurrent coronary events defined as coronary death or myocardial infarction and adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, existing cardiovascular disease, high-dose statin at discharge, attendance at cardiac rehabilitation, and the GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) risk score for severity of ACS.

RESULTS:

At the 1-year follow-up, 153 patients (3.4%) had died, including 104 (2.3%) of fatal myocardial infarction. A further 113 patients (2.5%) experienced nonfatal myocardial infarction. The prevalence of FH was 2.5% with the American Heart Association definition, 5.5% with the Simon Broome definition, and 1.6% with the Dutch Lipid Clinic definition. Compared with patients without FH, the risk of coronary event recurrence after ACS was similar in patients with FH in unadjusted analyses, although patients with FH were >10 years younger. However, after multivariable adjustment including age, the risk was greater in patients with FH than without, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.46 (95% confidence interval, 1.07–5.65;
P
=0.034) for the American Heart Association definition, 2.73 (95% confidence interval, 1.46–5.11;
P
=0.002) for the Simon Broome definition, and 3.53 (95% confidence interval, 1.26–9.94;
P
=0.017) for the Dutch Lipid Clinic definition. Depending on which clinical definition of FH was used, between 94.5% and 99.1% of patients with FH were discharged on statins and between 74.0% and 82.3% on high-dose statins.

CONCLUSIONS:
Patients with FH and ACS have a >2-fold adjusted risk of coronary event recurrence within the first year after discharge than patients without FH despite the widespread use of high-intensity statins.
Identification of Reversible Disruption of the Human Blood–Brain Barrier Following Acute Ischemia
Authors: Simpkins Alexis N. , Dias Christian , Leigh Richard , Benson Richard T. , Hsia Amie W. , Latour Lawrence L. , Luby Marie , Lynch John K. , Merino Jose G. , Nadareishvili Zurab , Warach Steven J. 
Published: July 2016

Background and Purpose—
Animal models of acute cerebral ischemia have demonstrated that diffuse blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption can be reversible after early reperfusion. However, irreversible, focal BBB disruption in humans is associated with hemorrhagic transformation in patients receiving intravenous thrombolytic therapy. The goal of this study was to use a magnetic resonance imaging biomarker of BBB permeability to differentiate these 2 forms of BBB disruption.

Methods—
Acute stroke patients imaged with magnetic resonance imaging before, 2 hours after, and 24 hours after treatment with intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator were included. The average BBB permeability of the acute ischemic region before and 2 hours after treatment was calculated using a T2* perfusion-weighted source images. Change in average permeability was compared with percent reperfusion using linear regression. Focal regions of maximal BBB permeability from the pretreatment magnetic resonance imaging were compared with the occurrence of parenchymal hematoma (PH) formation on the 24-hour magnetic resonance imaging scan using logistic regression.

Results—

Signals indicating reversible BBB permeability were detected in 18/36 patients. Change in average BBB permeability correlated inversely with percent reperfusion (
P
=0.006), indicating that early reperfusion is associated with decreased BBB permeability, whereas sustained ischemia is associated with increased BBB disruption. Focal regions of maximal BBB permeability were significantly associated with subsequent formation of PH (
P
=0.013).

Conclusions—
This study demonstrates that diffuse, mild BBB disruption in the acutely ischemic human brain is reversible with reperfusion. This study also confirms prior findings that focal severe BBB disruption confers an increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation in patients treated with intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator.
Incidence and Predictors of Early Recanalization After Intravenous Thrombolysis
Authors: Seners Pierre , Turc Guillaume , Maïer Benjamin , Mas Jean-Louis , Oppenheim Catherine , Baron Jean-Claude 
Published: July 2016

Background and Purpose—
After the demonstration of efficacy of bridging therapy, reliably predicting early recanalization (ER; ≤3 hours after start of intravenous thrombolysis) would be essential to limit futile, resource-consuming, interhospital transfers. We present the first systematic review on the incidence and predictors of ER after intravenous thrombolysis alone.

Methods—
We systematically searched for studies including patients solely treated by intravenous thrombolysis that reported incidence of ER and its association with baseline variables. Using meta-analyses, we estimated pooled incidence of ER, including according to occlusion site, and summarized the available evidence regarding predictors of no-ER.

Results—
We identified 26 studies that together included 2063 patients. The overall incidence of partial or complete ER was 33% (95% confidence interval, 27–40). It varied according to occlusion site: 52% (39–64) for distal middle cerebral artery, 35% (28–42) for proximal middle cerebral artery, 13% (6–22) for intracranial carotid artery, and 13% (0–35) for basilar occlusion. Corresponding rates for complete ER were 38% (22–54), 21% (15–29), 4% (1–8), and 4% (0–22), respectively. Proximal occlusion and higher National Institute of Health Stroke Scale were the most consistent no-ER predictors. Other factors, such as long or totally occlusive thrombus and poor collateral circulation, emerged as potential predictors but will need confirmation.

Conclusion—
The overall incidence of ER after intravenous thrombolysis is substantial, highlighting the importance of reliably predicting ER to limit futile, interhospital transfers. Incidence of no-ER is particularly high for proximal occlusion and severe strokes. Given the scarcity of published data, further studies are needed to improve no-ER prediction accuracy.
Pathways and Water Mass Properties of the Thermocline and Intermediate Waters in the Solomon Sea
Authors: Germineaud Cyril , Ganachaud Alexandre , Sprintall Janet , Cravatte Sophie , Eldin Gérard , Alberty Marion S. , Privat Emilien 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe semienclosed Solomon Sea is the final passage in the equatorward transit of the South Pacific western boundary currents (WBCs) that play a key role in heat and mass budgets of the equatorial Pacific. The Solomon WBCs and their associated water properties are examined using data from two oceanographic cruises undertaken during the contrasting trade wind seasons: July 2012 and March 2014. The mean circulation and associated transports with uncertainties is determined from the cruise data using a unique configuration of an inverse box model formulated based on measured shipboard acoustic Doppler current profiler velocities. An intense inflow of 36 Sv is found entering the Solomon Sea in July–August 2012 that falls by 70% to 11 Sv in March 2014. Large differences are also found in the total transport partitioning through each of the major exit passages during each season. Different water masses are found in the WBC stream northeast of the Solomon Islands that are likely related to a northern stream of the South Equatorial Current. Within the Solomon Sea, isopycnal salinity gradients are gradually stronger than within the subtropical Pacific, likely induced by stronger diapycnal mixing processes. WBC pathways exhibit distinct water mass signatures in salinity, oxygen, and nutrients that can be traced across the Solomon Sea, associated with significant water mass modifications at the northern exit straits and south of the Woodlark Island.
Tumor Debulking in the Management of Laryngeal Cancer Airway Obstruction
Authors: Du Eugenie , Smith Richard V. , Ow Thomas J. , Tassler Andrew B. , Schiff Bradley A. 
Published: July 2016

Patients presenting with advanced aerodigestive malignancy and respiratory compromise often undergo tracheotomy as initial airway management. Tumor debulking is a potential alternative. We present a case series with chart review to communicate our institutional experience with this technique. T3/4 glottic and supraglottic cancers treated between 2004 and 2014 underwent review, and 14 patients were identified for this study. Of these, 5 (35.7%) required subsequent tracheotomy, and 9 (64.3%) did not. Patients requiring subsequent tracheotomy had a delay in initiating definitive treatment when compared with those who did not (83.3 vs 31.3 days, P =. 0025). No patient required a tracheotomy after initiation of definitive treatment. Our experience suggests that tumor debulking may be a viable option in select patients but that a delay in initiating treatment is associated with patients requiring tracheotomy subsequent to debulking. Further research is needed to better delineate patient scenarios in which tumor debulking alone is sufficient.
Psychiatric comorbidity associated with synthetic cannabinoid use compared to cannabis
Authors: Bassir Nia Anahita , Medrano Benjamin , Perkel Charles , Galynker Igor , Hurd Yasmin L 
Published: July 2016

Background: Synthetic cannabinoids (SC) use has had a dramatic increase in recent years, but data regarding their adverse effects on mental health is limited. In this study, we compared clinical presentations of SC users with cannabis users in a psychiatric inpatient setting. Methods: Digital charts of all patients who were admitted to a dual diagnosis psychiatric unit in one year were reviewed. Patients who had any current substance use disorder were categorized in four groups: (1) SC use and cannabis use (SC+MJ+), (2) SC use without cannabis use (SC+MJ-), (3) cannabis use without SC use (SC-MJ+), and (4) No SC or cannabis use (SC-MJ-). Results: A total of 594 charts were included. SC+MJ- patients had significantly more psychotic symptoms (OR: 4.44, 95% CI: 1.98–9.94), followed by SC+MJ+ (OR: 3.61, 95% CI: 1.87–6.97) and SC-MJ+ (OR: 1.87, 95%CI: 1.33–2.64) patients. The SC+MJ- group also had more agitation and aggression was most prominent in SC+MJ+ subjects. Multivariate analyses showed that the psychiatric associations of SC and cannabis use remained significant even after controlling for potential confounds such as other substance use. Conclusions: The prominent psychiatric features of SC users as compared to cannabis users in an inpatient setting are psychotic presentations and agitation, which have important treatment implications.
Integrating an Immigration Law Simulation Into EAP Courses
Authors: Codita Ana M. 
Published: July 2016

Background. Previous research has highlighted the pedagogical effectiveness of a simulation-based approach to EAP (English for Academic Purposes) instruction. Aim. The purpose of the article is describe the use of the ARIZONA IMMIGRATION LAW simulation in some EAP courses and examine its benefits and drawbacks. Method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the instructors and written questionnaires with the students. Results. The findings suggested that although the simulation raised some challenges in terms of design and accessibility of the topic, it brought three benefits to the EAP courses: developing students’ academic language skills, conducting research as a pathway for knowledge construction, and strengthening students’ abilities as critical thinkers. Conclusions. These findings underscore the usefulness of a simulation-based EAP pedagogy to promote students’ use of the language skills to identify the main points of an argument, research and evaluate sources, defend well-organized arguments, and co-construct knowledge of a timely issue. Recommendations. The author concludes with some implications for simulation design and adaption.
Introduction: Do we need multi-stakeholder colloquia in MS?
Authors: Vermersch Patrick , Smets Louis , Gold Ralf 
Published: July 2016

Background: In the increasingly complex environment of MS there is a need for better cross-talk and communication between the different stakeholders who each address MS according to their own perspective. Objective & Methods: The first and second Pan-European MS Multi-stakeholder Colloquia were specifically set-up for this. Results: In May 2014 and May 2015, the different stakeholders in MS (patients, healthcare professionals, regulators, payers and pharmaceutical industry professionals) met to present and discuss each other’s perspective, formulate 10 integrated Calls to Actions (first Colloquium) and discuss guidance propositions/recommendations developed by working groups for the Calls to Action (second Colloquium). Conclusion: The perspectives of the different stakeholders and the 10 integrated Calls to Action are summarised in this supplement.
Polyvictimization Among Children and Adolescents in Low- and Lower-Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Le Minh T. H. , Holton Sara , Romero Lorena , Fisher Jane 
Published: July 2016

Background: Most of the world’s children and adolescents live in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LALMIC), but there is limited evidence about polyvictimization (experiences of multiple forms of victimization) among them. The aims of this article were to systematically review the evidence from LALMIC about the overall prevalence of polyvictimization and to identify the associations between polyvictimization and health and well-being among children and adolescents. Method: A systematic search of the English-language peer-reviewed literature to identify empirical, quantitative studies conducted in LALMIC between 2005 and 2015, assessing at least four forms of victimization among young people aged up to 19 years. Where prevalence of any victimization and of polyvictimization were reported, meta-analyses were performed. Results: A total of 30/8,496 articles were included in the review. Evidence was available from 16/84 LALMIC and methodology and quality varied. Pooled prevalence of experiences of any victimization was 76.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) [64.8%, 88.9%]). Prevalence of polyvictimization ranged from 0.3% to 74.7% with an overall estimate of 38.1% (95% CI [18.3%, 57.8%]). None of the studies examined the associations between polyvictimization and physical or reproductive health or quality of life. Polyvictimization was associated with increased likelihood of mental health problems and involvement in health risk behaviors. Conclusions: Experiences of polyvictimization among children and adolescents in LALMIC are more prevalent than in high- and upper-middle-income countries and contribute to the burden of poor health among children and adolescents. Most LALMIC lack local data, and research is required to address this knowledge gap.