bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to Research on Fire Smoke Detection Algorithm in Enclosed Spaces Based on Improved YOLOv8
Authors: Yang Lanyan , Cheng Yuanhang , Xu Fang , Li Boning , Li Xiaoxu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Recognizing the critical importance of timely fire detection to minimize property damage and casualties, traditional sensor-based fire detection systems are expensive and are not suitable for large or outdoor environments. Herein, we introduce a novel fire smoke detection algorithm that utilizes multi-scale attention fusion to enhance the early detection and reporting of fire in enclosed spaces. The algorithm uses grouped sparse convolution (GSConv), a SwinTrans precursor, and a VoVGSCSP module to reconstruct the neck structure of the YOLOv8 network. This integration allows for efficient and accurate detection of both smoke and flames, even in the early stages of a fire when these signs are subtle and challenging to identify. Our approach is validated through the creation and use of three high-quality datasets, including real fire, real smoke, and two-object datasets with both smoke and fire. The model’s performance is evaluated using precision, recall, F1-score, and Average Precision (AP) metrics, demonstrating significant improvements over existing YOLOv5s and YOLOv8s models. The proposed algorithm achieves a notable F1-score of 95.00% and a recall rate of 90.34%, underscoring its effectiveness for real-world applications. An ablation study further confirms the contributions of each component in the network architecture. The research accomplishment has significant practical value for smart building systems, industrial safety monitoring, and public safety, offering a robust technological solution for early fire detection and prevention.
The Long-Term Post-Surgical Outcome of Intermediate Anorectal Malformation in Our Department
Authors: Tamura Ryo , Kido Miori , Nakamura Kiyokuni , Kuwahara Tsuyoshi , Hirotani Taichi , Yasui Yoshitomo , Okajima Hideaki 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Posterior sagittal anorectoplasty and laparoscopic-assisted anorectal pull-through are preferred for anorectal malformation (ARM) today, while careful pull-through procedures with sacroperineal approach yield excellent outcomes. This study focuses on a pull-through procedure emphasizing continence mechanism preservation and compares outcomes with historical studies with various procedures.
Methods: Bowel function of patients with intermediate ARM followed up for over 10 years post-surgically was assessed. Data collected included ARM type with the Krickenbeck classification, comorbidities, complications, post-surgical examinations, follow-up, and bowel function at the latest clinic visit. The literature review collected original articles including more than 10 post-anorectoplasty cases which were followed for over 10 years.
Results: Eleven cases were identified, with a median age at anorectoplasty and follow-up length of 6.9 months and 14.4 years. Two fistula recurrences required surgical treatment. Long-term incontinence and constipation were observed in 9% and 45% of the cohort, respectively. Good rectal angulation and a positive rectoanal inhibitory reflex were confirmed in most cases examined. A literature review identified eight studies with various outcome measuring instruments.
Conclusion: Outcomes of the introduced pull-through procedure were favorable, while the literature review highlights the variation in outcomes of various anorectoplasty.
Evidence Level: Level IV
Animal Assisted Activities (AAAs) with the Dogs in a Dialysis Centre in Southern Italy: evaluation of serotonin and oxytocin values in involved patients
Authors: Santaniello Antonio , Perruolo Giuseppe , Amato Alessia , Garzillo Susanne , Mormone Federica , Morelli Cristina , Sansone Mario , Oriente Francesco 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: In the present study, the changes in oxytocin (OXT) and serotonin (5-ht) were measured in dialysis patients involved in Animal Assisted Activity (AAA) interventions.
Methods: Thirty patients (15 men and 15 women) with chronic kidney disease, undergoing hemodialysis three times per week, for 4 hours were enrolled. The patients were at random divided into 3 groups: 2 experimental groups who received the AAA intervention and a control group who never received the AAA intervention. A specific dog-zootherapist vet pair was assigned for each experimental group. All sessions of the two experimental groups were weekly performed, for a total period of 3 months (12 sessions). Blood samples were taken at the beginning and end of each session (T0 and T1), lasting about one hour. The samples were then analyzed to measure the levels of oxytocin and serotonin. Data obtained were processed using analysis of variance with mixed effects models.
Results: The emerged results showed that both dog-zootherapist vet dyad caused a statistically significant overall effect of both oxytocin and serotonin, increasing during the sessions, compared to the control group. In addition, it was observed progressively increasing effect between two consecutive weeks.
Conclusion: The results that emerged showed that the AAA represents a positive stimulus for patients on dialysis. Thus, our study suggests that structured AAA intervention in a hemodialysis center can improve patients' quality of life.
Research on the Configuration Path of Digital Transformation Promoting Green Innovation of Chinese Listed Companies in the Sports Goods Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Chen Gang , Wang Chaofan , Lin Zhiyi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In the context of digital transformation in the sporting goods manufacturing industry, promoting green innovation is crucial for achieving the "dual carbon goals" and fostering sustainable socio-economic development. This study uses a dynamic QCA analysis method on A-share listed companies in the sporting goods manufacturing industry from 2017 to 2022 to temporally explore the complex logic of corporate green innovation under digital transformation. The findings indicate that digital transformation alone cannot serve as a core factor necessary for green innovation; instead, green innovation is driven by the coupling and synergistic effects of multiple factors. As digital technology becomes deeply integrated with the industry chain, high-level green innovation gradually shifts from being driven by external environmental regulations to being driven by internal strategies. There are two configurations for high-level green innovation and three for low-level green innovation, which can be further categorized into digital innovation, Cost-pressure-oriented, resource inertia, and short-sighted competition paths. Based on these conclusions, practical recommendations are provided for listed sporting goods manufacturing companies to foster green innovation.
Dysregulation of Decidual NK Cell Proliferation by Impaired Decidual Cells: A Potential Contributor to Excessive Trophoblast Invasion in Placenta Accreta Spectrum
Authors: Liu You-Zhen , Shih Jin-Chung , Wu Meng-Shiue , Ling Thai-Yen , Lin Hsin-Hung 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

BackgroundAbnormal interactions among decidual cells, decidual natural killer (dNK) cells, and trophoblasts are implicated in contributing to the placenta accreta spectrum (PAS). However, the specific details of these interactions remain unclear.MethodsNormal human placental maternal decidua-mesenchymal stem cells (MD-MSCs) and pathological MD-MSCs from PAS patients (PAs) were isolated and cultured in serum-free conditions. Decidualization was induced using hormonal cocktails: estradiol (E2)/ progesterone (P4) and chemical agents 8-br-cAMP/ medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for both MD-MSCs and PAs. dNK-like cells were generated from peripheral natural killer (pNK) cells through MD-MSCs induction. Interactions among decidual cells, dNK cells, and trophoblasts were studied using a transwell co-culture system. Bulk RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify differential genes between MD-MSCs and PAs and explored their potential role in immune tolerance regulation of decidual NK cells and trophoblast invasion.ResultsThis study aims to explore the correlation between defective decidualization of endometrial stromal cells and dysregulated dNK cell proliferation, leading to excessive trophoblast invasion and the development of PAS. Decidualization defects were confirmed in PAs, characterized by reduced morphological changes and altered expression levels of decidual biomarkers at both mRNA and protein levels, potentially associated with overexpression of estrogen receptor (ER). Furthermore, both PAs and normal MD-MSCs exhibited similar patterns in regulating trophoblast invasion, suggesting an indirect impact of impaired decidual cells on trophoblast behavior. Interestingly, decidualized MD-MSCs (De-MD-MSCs) showed the potential to induce conversion of pNK cells into dNK-like cells, which displayed reduced cytotoxicity on trophoblasts and enhanced KIR2DL4 expression, possibly through upregulatedCsf3,Il1β, andTgfb1. Additionally, dNK-like cells exhibited increased proliferation when co-cultured with PAs, regulated byCxcl12,Il33,Tgfb1,Vegfa, andVegfc, enhancing trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodeling. Conditioned medium derived from PAs-induced dNK-like cells demonstrated a higher capacity to promote trophoblast invasion in a dose-dependent manner.ConclusionAbnormal proliferation of dNK cells induced by impaired decidual cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of PAS, providing valuable insights into its mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions.
Role of artificial intelligence in the prediction of small-for-gestational-age birth weight by gestational week
Authors: Bütün Zafer , Salık Ece Akça , Kaya Yeliz , Çelik Özer , Tahta Tuğba , Yavuz Arzu Altun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Small for gestational age (SGA) is a significant concern in obstetrics, with implications for stillbirth, neonatal mortality, and long-term health outcomes. Early detection of SGA is crucial for prevention and treatment, but current methods have limitations. This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithm to predict SGA using sociodemographic and obstetric features during pregnancy. A total of 102 pregnant women meeting specific criteria were included in the study. The feature impact factors considered important factors for predicting SGA at birth were maternal weight, length, age, gravida, and parity. The LGBM model demonstrated the highest accuracy rate (71.4%) and AUC-ROC (62.7%) in predicting SGA, showcasing its potential for improving the prediction and treatment of SGA pregnancies. The study highlights the importance of using AI-driven methods in obstetrics to improve decision-making and patient care in high-risk pregnancy scenarios. Although AI/ML techniques have shown promise in enhancing the screening for SGA, further refinement and validation of algorithms are necessary before clinical implementation. Consistency in diagnostic criteria and quality assessment is essential for the widespread adoption of these methods in clinical settings.
Development of a complex palliative care intervention for patients with heart failure and their family carers: a Theory of Change approach
Authors: Remawi Bader Nael , Preston Nancy , Gadoud Amy 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Patients with heart failure have significant palliative care needs but few receive palliative care. Guidance is lacking on how to integrate palliative care into standard heart failure care. Palliative care interventions often lack an underpinning theory and details on how key components interact to achieve an impact. Understanding how and why an intervention works enhances implementation. This study aimed to develop and refine a theory-based, complex palliative care intervention for patients with heart failure and their family carers.
Methods
A preliminary intervention based upon a literature review was co-designed in three Theory of Change workshops with stakeholders from a hospital heart failure multidisciplinary team. The workshop discussions and analysis were informed by Normalisation Process Theory. Subsequently, analysis of secondary data on patient and carer experiences with palliative care services was presented to stakeholders to refine the intervention and underlying theory. Service users were consulted to refine the intervention. The intervention was developed in line with the Medical Research Council Complex Intervention Guidelines.
Results
The agreed impact of the intervention was to meet the holistic palliative care needs of patients with heart failure and their families. Three long-term outcomes were identified: reduced unnecessary hospitalisations, symptom burden, and caregiving burden. Twelve preconditions on the patient, family, and healthcare professional levels and contextual assumptions were determined to achieve these outcomes. Proposed intervention activities include educating patients and heart failure teams on palliative care, completing a needs-assessment tool (NAT:PD-HF), addressing primary palliative care needs, sharing a summary of the tool with healthcare staff, and sharing experiences of using NAT:PD-HF in practice.
Conclusions
The study provided novel insights into complex intervention development and the potential mechanism of integrating palliative care in heart failure. It outlined how the complex intervention could work and identified the active ingredients necessary for replication. The developed Theory of Change serves as a model for researchers and policymakers to use in heart failure, but also as an example of how to develop interventions embedded in and co-produced from practice.
Frequency of Gram Negative bacteria in neonatal septicemia and their susceptibility pattern in Omdurman Maternity Hospital
Authors: El-wahid Mohammed Abd 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Neonatal septicemia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among newborns, especially in developing countries. Identifying the causative agents and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns is crucial for effective treatment. This study aims to determine the frequency of Gram-negative bacteria in neonatal septicemia and their susceptibility patterns in Omdurman Maternity Hospital.
Results: A total of 200 blood samples were collected from neonates suspected of septicemia. Gram-negative bacteria were isolated in 60% of the cases. The most prevalent isolates included Escherichia coli (35%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (25%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20%). Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed high resistance rates to commonly used antibiotics such as ampicillin (90%) and gentamicin (80%), while imipenem (95%) and amikacin (85%) showed higher efficacy.
Conclusions: The study highlights the high prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria in neonatal septicemia and their significant resistance to first-line antibiotics. These findings underscore the need for regular surveillance and review of antibiotic policies in neonatal care units to ensure effective management of neonatal infections.
Research on the application of multi-field remote monitoring of slope stability based on optical fiber technology
Authors: Liu Mingqing , Chen Fan , Xie Xuanjie , Wu Wenjie , Chen Li , Fu Jianye 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The study explores the real-world requirements for monitoring deep displacements on rocky inclines, focusing on the use of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) technology in slope design. Through the examination of practical slope engineering scenarios, this document expands upon the foundational concepts of FBG surveillance systems, on-site setup methods, and network technologies used in various monitoring endeavors, culminating in the creation of an all-encompassing, multi-faceted monitoring system aimed at stabilizing slopes. Findings from the study reveal that FBG technology is capable of precisely and instantaneously tracking the profound shift of rock slopes, offering dependable data backing for evaluating slope stability. Furthermore, this document encapsulates crucial technical aspects throughout the deployment phase, confirming the practicality and efficacy of this technology, thus providing hands-on insights for the advancement and use of novel slope monitoring technologies. The research offers not just technical assistance in averting and reducing disasters in slope engineering but also establishes a groundwork for additional investigations in similar areas.
Cutaneous wound healing functions of novel milk-derived antimicrobial peptides, hLFT-68 and hLFT-309 from human lactotransferrin, and bLGB-111 from bovine β-lactoglobulin
Authors: Li Xixian , Yu Wenhao , Zhang Wanning , Yu Yang , Cheng Huiyuan , Lin Yuyang , Feng Jingwen , Zhao Muxin , Jin Yan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The absence of multi-functional antimicrobial agents in clinical settings hinders cutaneous wound healing. Milk-derived antimicrobial peptides (MAPs) may be the imperative solution to wound repair, combining the dermatic curative properties of antimicrobial peptides with the biological activity of milk. Three novel MAPs, which were hLFT-68 (IAENRADAV) and hLFT-309 (GSPSGQKDLLF) identified in human milk and bLGB-111 (LDTDYKKY) identified in bovine milk in our previous work, were initially investigated for their function in wound healing. In vitro, the antibacterial activity and cellular mechanism of the MAPs were examined. It was found that they presented inhibition for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, decreased the secretion of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), and promoted fibroblast and keratinocyte proliferation. An infected wound model was established to evaluate the in vivo anti-inflammatory and regeneration properties of the MAPs. The wound area shrank more rapidly, and the wound inflammation was reduced by MAP treatment. Especially on days 3–5 after mouse modeling, the wound repair rate increased by up to 35%. Furthermore, it was suggested that they encouraged collagen synthesis and deposition, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration. The presented results indicated that MAPs accelerated the recovery of infected wounds, possessing the potential for developing wound-healing therapy.
Proton Pump Inhibitor Omeprazole Alters the Spiking Characteristics of Proteinoids
Authors: Mougkogiannis Panagiotis , Adamatzky Andew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study reveals the significant effect of the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole on the spiking behaviour of proteinoids, leading to a transformative shift in the field of unconventional computing. Through the application of different concentrations of omeprazole, we see a notable modification in the spiking characteristics of proteinoids, including significant alterations in amplitude, frequency, and temporal patterns. By using Boolean logic techniques, we analyse the complex dynamics of the proteinoid-omeprazole system, revealing underlying patterns and connections that question our understanding of biological computing.Our research reveals the unexplored potential of proteinoids as a foundation for unconventional computing. Moreover, our research indicates that the electrical spiking observed in proteinoids may be linked to the movement of protons. This discovery offers new insights into the fundamental mechanisms governing the spiking activity of proteinoids, presenting promising opportunities for future research in this area. Additionally, it opens up possibilities of developing new computational models that exploit the inherent nonlinearity and complexity of biological systems. By combining the effects of omeprazole-induced spikes with Boolean logic, a wide range of opportunities arise for information processing, pattern identification, and problem-solving. This pushes the limits of what can be achieved with bioelectronics.
Analysis of longitudinal magnetic field frequency on Q345 K-TIG welding with a Y groove: formation, mechanical and mechanism
Authors: Zhan Jiatong , Ye Xiongyue , Zhong Shaotao , Liu Zhizhong , Shi Yonghua 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study explores the potential uses of external sinusoidal alternating longitudinal magnetic field (EMF) assisted K-TIG welding for medium-thick plates. Our research commences with a comprehensive analysis of the distribution characteristics and dynamic variations of the EMF within the welding zone using ANSYS Electronics. Subsequently, experiments were conducted employing a custom magnetic control power supply (MCPS) to weld Y-shaped groove Q345 under EMF at various frequencies. The results indicate that EMF assisted K-TIG offers exceptionally high welding efficiency and quality. The mechanical properties of the welded joints exceed those of the base metal (BM). And we have observed a significant reduction in heat input and an increase in weld bead width under EMF. At an optimal EMF frequency, the stirring effect on the weld pool was particularly evident, resulting in beneficial microstructure and a remarkable increase in impact toughness by up to 100%. Additionally, the magnetic field lines that were perpendicular to the Y-shaped groove surface reduced the strength of the EMF in the longitudinal direction. This reduced the Lorentz force’s electromagnetic stirring effect, only leading to 20A decrease in penetration current, the reduction amplitude is lower than that without a Y-shaped groove (50A). The results of this investigation provide critical theoretical foundations and practical guidelines for improving EMF assisted K-TIG welding methods.