bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A small population of liver endothelial cells undergoes endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in response to chronic liver injury
Authors: Ribera Jordi , Pauta Montse , Melgar-Lesmes Pedro , Córdoba Bernat , Bosch Anna , Calvo Maria , Rodrigo-Torres Daniel , Sancho-Bru Pau , Mira Aurea , Jiménez Wladimiro , Morales-Ruiz Manuel 
Published: August 2017

Rising evidence points to endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) as a significant source of the mesenchymal cell population in fibrotic diseases. In this context, we hypothesized that liver endothelial cells undergo EndMT during fibrosis progression. Cirrhosis in mice was induced by CCl4. A transgenic mouse expressing a red fluorescent protein reporter under the control of Tie2 promoter (Tie2-tdTomato) was used to trace the acquisition of EndMT. Sinusoidal vascular connectivity was evaluated by intravital microscopy and high-resolution three-dimensional confocal microscopy. A modest but significant fraction of liver endothelial cells from both cirrhotic patients and CCl4-treated Tie2-tdTomato mice acquired an EndMT phenotype characterized by the coexpression of CD31 and α-smooth muscle actin, compared with noncirrhotic livers. Bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) inhibited the acquisition of EndMT induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) treatment in cultured primary mouse liver endothelial cells from control mice. EndMT was also reduced significantly in vivo in cirrhotic Tie2-tdTomato mice treated intraperitoneally with BMP-7 compared with untreated mice (1.9 ± 0.2 vs. 3.8 ± 0.3%, respectively; P < 0.05). The decrease of EndMT in cirrhotic livers correlated with a significant decrease in liver fibrosis ( P < 0.05) and an improvement in the vascular disorganization rate ( P < 0.05). We demonstrated the acquisition of the EndMT phenotype by a subpopulation of endothelial cells from cirrhotic livers in both animal models and patients. BMP-7 treatment decreases the occurrence of the EndMT phenotype and has a positive impact on the severity of disease by reducing fibrosis and sinusoidal vascular disorganization.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A subpopulation of liver endothelial cells from cirrhotic patients and mice with liver fibrosis undergoes endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Liver endothelial cells from healthy mice could transition into a mesenchymal phenotype in culture in response to TGF-β1 treatment. Fibrotic livers treated chronically with BMP-7 showed lower EndMT acquisition, reduced fibrosis, and improved vascular organization.
Muscle contraction induced arterial shear stress increases endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation in humans
Authors: Casey Darren P. , Ueda Kenichi , Wegman-Points Lauren , Pierce Gary L. 
Published: August 2017

We determined if local increases in brachial artery shear during repetitive muscle contractions induce changes in protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and/or phosphorylated (p-)eNOS at Ser1177, the primary activation site on eNOS, in endothelial cells (ECs) of humans. Seven young male subjects (25 ± 1 yr) performed 20 separate bouts (3 min each) of rhythmic forearm exercise at 20% of maximum over a 2-h period. Each bout of exercise was separated by 3 min of rest. An additional six male subjects (24 ± 1 yr) served as time controls (no exercise). ECs were freshly isolated from the brachial artery using sterile J-wires through an arterial catheter at baseline and again after the 2-h exercise or time control period. Expression of eNOS or p-eNOS Ser1177 in ECs was determined via immunofluorescence. Brachial artery mean shear rate was elevated compared with baseline and the time control group throughout the 2-h exercise protocol ( P < 0.001). p-eNOS Ser1177 expression was increased 57% in ECs in the exercise group [0.06 ± 0.01 vs. 0.10 ± 0.02 arbitrary units (au), P = 0.02] but not in the time control group (0.08 ± 0.01 vs. 0.07 ± 0.01 au, P = 0.72). In contrast, total eNOS expression did not change in either the exercise (0.13 ± 0.04 vs. 0.12 ± 0.03 au) or time control (0.12 ± 0.03 vs. 0.11 ± 0.03 au) group ( P > 0.05 for both). Our novel results suggest that elevations in brachial artery shear increase eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation in the absence of changes in total eNOS in ECs of young healthy male subjects, suggesting that this model is sufficient to alter posttranslational modification of eNOS activity in vivo in humans. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Elevations in brachial artery shear in response to forearm exercise increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase Ser1177 phosphorylation in brachial artery endothelial cells of healthy humans. Our present study provides the first evidence in humans that muscle contraction-induced increases in conduit arterial shear lead to in vivo posttranslational modification of endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity in endothelial cells.
Seasonal Overturning of the Labrador Sea as Observed by Argo Floats
Authors: Holte James , Straneo Fiamma 
Published: August 2017

AbstractArgo floats are used to investigate Labrador Sea overturning and its variability on seasonal time scales. This is the first application of Argo floats to estimate overturning in a deep-water formation region in the North Atlantic. Unlike hydrographic measurements, which are typically confined to the summer season, floats offer the advantage of collecting data in all seasons. Seasonal composite potential density and absolute geostrophic velocity sections across the mouth of the Labrador Sea assembled from float profiles and trajectories at 1000 m are used to calculate the horizontal and overturning circulations. The overturning exhibits a pronounced seasonal cycle; in depth space the overturning doubles throughout the course of the year, and in density space it triples. The largest overturning [1.2 Sv (1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1) in depth space and 3.9 Sv in density space] occurs in spring and corresponds to the outflow of recently formed Labrador Sea Water. The overturning decreases through summer and reaches a minimum in winter (0.6 Sv in depth space and 1.2 Sv in density space). The robustness of the Argo seasonal overturning is supported by a comparison to an overturning estimate based on hydrographic data from the AR7W line.
Comparison of Rip Current Hazard Likelihood Forecasts with Observed Rip Current Speeds
Authors: Moulton Melissa , Dusek Gregory , Elgar Steve , Raubenheimer Britt 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAlthough rip currents are a major hazard for beachgoers, the relationship between the danger to swimmers and the physical properties of rip current circulation is not well understood. Here, the relationship between statistical model estimates of hazardous rip current likelihood and in situ velocity observations is assessed. The statistical model is part of a forecasting system that is being made operational by the National Weather Service to predict rip current hazard likelihood as a function of wave conditions and water level. The temporal variability of rip current speeds (offshore-directed currents) observed on an energetic sandy beach is correlated with the hindcasted hazard likelihood for a wide range of conditions. High likelihoods and rip current speeds occurred for low water levels, nearly shore-normal wave angles, and moderate or larger wave heights. The relationship between modeled hazard likelihood and the frequency with which rip current speeds exceeded a threshold was assessed for a range of threshold speeds. The frequency of occurrence of high (threshold exceeding) rip current speeds is consistent with the modeled probability of hazard, with a maximum Brier skill score of 0.65 for a threshold speed of 0.23 m s−1, and skill scores greater than 0.60 for threshold speeds between 0.15 and 0.30 m s−1. The results suggest that rip current speed may be an effective proxy for hazard level and that speeds greater than ~0.2 m s−1 may be hazardous to swimmers.
Neonatal Weight Matters: An Examination of Weight Changes in Full-Term Breastfeeding Newborns During the First 2 Weeks of Life
Authors: DiTomasso Diane , Paiva Andrea L. 
Published: August 2017

Background: Weight changes in the early weeks of life are important indicators of newborn wellness. Yet, little is known about weight loss patterns for breastfeeding newborns. Research aim: This study aimed to compare weight changes and exclusive breastfeeding rates in newborns who lost ≤ 7% and > 7% of their body weight after birth. Methods: A prospective, observational cohort study was completed. Newborns who lost ≤ 7% made up Group 1 and newborns who lost > 7% of birth weight made up Group 2. Mothers used a digital scale to weigh their newborns daily until 14 days of life. Newborn intake and outputs were also recorded. Results: Mean (with standard deviation in parentheses) weight loss for all newborns ( N = 151) was 7.68% (2.35%). Newborns in Group 1 ( n = 67) lost 5.7% (0.99%) and newborns in Group 2 lost 9.3% (1.87%). More than half of healthy, full-term newborns (56%) lost > 7%. On Day 14, the exclusive breastfeeding rate for newborns in Group 2 was significantly less than for those in Group 1 (60% vs. 82%; p = .033). Newborns gained a mean of 1.1% body weight daily; those in Group 1 gained 1.2% daily, and those in Group 2 gained 1.0% daily. Conclusion: Weight loss > 7% may be a normal phenomenon among breastfeeding newborns. Newborns who lost > 7% had a lower exclusive breastfeeding rate at 2 weeks of age. After the weight nadir was reached, most newborns gained weight at a similar pace, despite differences in early weight loss.
Social Capital, Racial Context, and Incarcerations in the American States
Authors: Hawes Daniel P. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis article examines the differential effects of social capital on policy equity in state outcomes. Specifically, it explores the relationship between social capital and incarceration rates in the American states paying particular attention to racial disparities in incarceration rates. Building on work by Hero, I present a theoretical explanation and empirical support for how social capital operates differently under different racial contexts. I argue that social capital enhances social empathy in homogeneous contexts and social controls in diverse contexts. Using state-level longitudinal data on the contiguous states, I find that social capital is positively associated with incarcerations, but only for African Americans. Furthermore, the effects of social capital appear to be conditional on racial context where this relationship is stronger as minority group size increases.
Engraftment and in vivo proliferation advantage of gene-corrected mobilized CD34+ cells from Fanconi anemia patients
Authors: Río Paula , Navarro Susana , Guenechea Guillermo , Sánchez-Domínguez Rebeca , Lamana Maria Luisa , Yañez Rosa , Casado Jose A. , Mehta Parinda A. , Pujol Maria Roser , Surrallés Jordi , Charrier Sabine , Galy Anne , Segovia José C. , Díaz de Heredia Cristina , Sevilla Julián , Bueren Juan A. 
Published: August 2017

Key Points
First evidence of phenotypic correction in FA hematopoietic repopulating cells by optimized collection and short transduction of CD34+ cells. Optimized ex vivo gene therapy of FA CD34+ cells confers proliferation advantage to phenotypically corrected repopulating cells.
EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitorsversuschemotherapy inEGFRwild-type pre-treated advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer in daily practice
Authors: Tomasini Pascale , Brosseau Solenn , Mazières Julien , Merlio Jean-Philippe , Beau-Faller Michèle , Mosser Jean , Wislez Marie , Ouafik L'Houcine , Besse Benjamin , Rouquette Isabelle , Debieuvre Didier , Escande Fabienne , Westeel Virginie , Audigier-Valette Clarisse , Missy Pascale , Langlais Alexandra , Morin Frank , Moro-Sibilot Denis , Zalcman Gérard , Barlesi Fabrice 
Published: August 2017

Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are approved for second-line treatment ofEGFRwild-type (EGFR-wt) nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, results from randomised trials performed to compare EGFR-TKIs with chemotherapy in this population did not show any survival benefit. In the era of immunotherapy, many drugs are approved for second-line treatment ofEGFR-wt NSCLC and there is a need to reassess the role of EGFR-TKIs in this setting.The Biomarkers France study is a large nationwide cohort of NSCLC patients tested forEGFRmutations. We used this database to collect clinical, biological, treatment and outcome data onEGFR-wt patients who received second-line treatment with either EGFR-TKIs or chemotherapy.Among 1278 patients, 868 received chemotherapy and 410 received an EGFR-TKI. Median overall survival and progression-free survival were longer with chemotherapy than with an EGFR-TKI. Overall survival was 8.38versus4.99 months, respectively (hazard ratio 0.70, 95% CI 0.59–0.83; p<0.0001) and progression-free survival was 4.30versus2.83 months, respectively (hazard ratio 0.66, 95% CI 0.57–0.77; p<0.0001).This study is helpful to guide a multiline treatment strategy forEGFR-wt NSCLC patients. Immunotherapy is approved for second-line treatment. For third-line treatment, chemotherapy results in longer overall survival and progression-free survival, and should be preferred to EGFR-TKIs.
Revisiting inconsistency in large pharmacogenomic studies
Authors: Safikhani Zhaleh , Smirnov Petr , Freeman Mark , El-Hachem Nehme , She Adrian , Rene Quevedo , Goldenberg Anna , Birkbak Nicolai J. , Hatzis Christos , Shi Leming , Beck Andrew H. , Aerts Hugo J.W.L. , Quackenbush John , Haibe-Kains Benjamin 
Published: August 2017

In 2013, we published a comparative analysis of mutation and gene expression profiles and drug sensitivity measurements for 15 drugs characterized in the 471 cancer cell lines screened in the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE). While we found good concordance in gene expression profiles, there was substantial inconsistency in the drug responses reported by the GDSC and CCLE projects. We received extensive feedback on the comparisons that we performed. This feedback, along with the release of new data, prompted us to revisit our initial analysis. We present a new analysis using these expanded data, where we address the most significant suggestions for improvements on our published analysis — that targeted therapies and broad cytotoxic drugs should have been treated differently in assessing consistency, that consistency of both molecular profiles and drug sensitivity measurements should be compared across cell lines, and that the software analysis tools provided should have been easier to run, particularly as the GDSC and CCLE released additional data.Our re-analysis supports our previous finding that gene expression data are significantly more consistent than drug sensitivity measurements. Using new statistics to assess data consistency allowed identification of two broad effect drugs and three targeted drugs with moderate to good consistency in drug sensitivity data between GDSC and CCLE. For three other targeted drugs, there were not enough sensitive cell lines to assess the consistency of the pharmacological profiles. We found evidence of inconsistencies in pharmacological phenotypes for the remaining eight drugs.Overall, our findings suggest that the drug sensitivity data in GDSC and CCLE continue to present challenges for robust biomarker discovery. This re-analysis provides additional support for the argument that experimental standardization and validation of pharmacogenomic response will be necessary to advance the broad use of large pharmacogenomic screens.
Content and Structure Coverage: Extracting a Diverse Information Subset
Authors: Ma Baojun , Wei Qiang , Chen Guoqing , Zhang Jin , Guo Xunhua 
Published: August 2017

Recent years have witnessed a rapid increase in online data volume and the growing challenge of information overload for web use and applications. Thus, information diversity is of great importance to both information service providers and users of search services. Based on a diversity evaluation measure (namely, information coverage), a heuristic method—FastCovC+S-Select—with corresponding algorithms is designed on the greedy submodular idea. First, we devise the CovC+S-Select algorithm, which possesses the characteristic of asymptotic optimality, to optimize information coverage using a strategy in the spirit of simulated annealing. To accelerate the efficiency of CovC+S-Select, its fast approximation (i.e., FastCovC+S-Select) is then developed through a heuristic strategy to downsize the solution space with the properties of information coverage. Furthermore, ample experiments have been conducted to show the effectiveness, efficiency, and parameter robustness of the proposed method, along with comparative analyses revealing the performance’s advantages over other related methods.The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2017.0753 .
Innovation, Openness, and Platform Control
Authors: Parker Geoffrey , Van Alstyne Marshall 
Published: August 2017

Suppose that a firm in charge of a business ecosystem is a firm in charge of a microeconomy. To achieve the highest growth rate, how open should that economy be? To encourage third-party developers, how long should their intellectual property interests last? We develop a sequential innovation model that addresses the trade-offs inherent in these two decisions: (i) Closing the platform increases the sponsor’s ability to charge for access, while opening the platform increases developer ability to build upon it. (ii) The longer third-party developers retain rights to their innovations, the higher the royalties they and the sponsor earn, but the sooner those developers’ rights expire, the sooner their innovations become a public good upon which other developers can build. Our model allows us to characterize the optimal levels of openness and of intellectual property (IP) duration in a platform ecosystem. We use standard Cobb–Douglas production technologies to derive our results. These findings can inform innovation strategy, choice of organizational form, IP noncompete decisions, and regulation policy.This paper was accepted by Chris Forman, information systems.
Identificación de funciones complementarias para la estación terrena satelital de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
Authors: Maury Atencia Maria Paula , Vera Cely Oscar Fernando 
Published: August 2017

La Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia UPTC posee una estación terrena con funciones de seguimiento a satélites de órbita LEO, pero según datos estimados por GENSO[1] el tiempo de visibilidad de los satélites que describen órbitas LEO es de 5 minutos en promedio cada vez que pasa, estiman la comunicación con los satélites durante el 3% de su vida útil por lo que la estación terrena permanece inactiva la mayor parte del tiempo, la presente investigación surge de la necesidad de darle mayor utilidad a dicha infraestructura, para ello se realizó una investigación de tipo exploratorio implementando un protocolo de revisión de literatura, se realizó la caracterización de la infraestructura existente y de las señales a recibir, esto permitió la identificación de funciones y aplicaciones en tierra que podrían incrementar el porcentaje de uso de la estación sin dejar de realizar las funciones satelitales para las cuales fue diseñada.
DISEÑO E IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN ANALIZADOR PARA EL PROTOCOLO AX.25
Authors: Moncaleano Ospina Ariel Ricardo , Paternina Anaya José De Jesús , Gaona García Elvis Eduardo 
Published: August 2017

Actualmente la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, a través grupo de investigación GITEM, se encuentra desarrollando el proyecto Cubesat Colombia I, con la misión de enviar señales electrocardiográficas desde una estación terrena hacia un pico satélite, el envío de estos datos se hace a través del protocolo estándar denominado AX.25, ampliamente utilizado en las redes de radio aficionado y en satélites pequeños. Es prioridad en el desarrollo de cualquier proyecto tecnológico el uso de herramientas que permitan un desarrollo ágil y seguro, en este artículo la implementación de AX.25 en el proyecto antes mencionado se logró implementar un analizador de protocolo AX.25 para lacaptura de los paquetes que se están intercambiando las estaciones de radio aficionados para posteriormente analizarlos, evaluarlos y almacenarlos. Esto permite observar a través de la decodificación de las tramas, su empaquetamiento: campo de dirección destino y fuente, campo de control, la información que viaja en formato hexadecimal ASCII, el CRC y así indicar si la trama se recibe con error o no. El analizador de protocolo desarrollado tiene la posibilidad de capturar señales NRZI moduladas en banda base con el estándar BELL 202 sobre una portadora de radio en la banda radioaficionado VHF/ UHF. La demodulación de señales VHF / UHF se logran a través de radios Yaesu VX-3R, y la implementación del estándar BELL 202 con los circuitos integrados MX 614 para cada enlace (recepción y transmisión), que permite tomar la información en AFSK, demodularla y entregarla a la tarjeta de adquisición, y enviar la información al software analizador de protocolo para la respectiva evaluación por parte del usuario.
MODELOS DE GESTIÓN DEL CONOCIMIENTO QUE INTEGREN TECNOLOGÍAS E-LEARNING EN LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR
Authors: Escobar Sarria Ruth , Montenegro Marín Carlos Enrique , Joven Sarria Wilson , López José Fernando 
Published: August 2017

La Universidad de la Amazonia cuenta con personas que tienen un conocimiento tácito individual en el área de la programación de computadores, los cuales desempeñan el rol de docente. Los docentes socializan este conocimiento a sus estudiantes mediante un trabajo magistral en el aula de clase, complementado con trabajos en grupo y exposiciones, generando de esta forma un conocimiento público o lo que también se conoce como conocimiento tácito colectivo.Sin embargo, como se ha evidenciado mediante un estudio inicial, tanto los docentes como los estudiantes del área de programación no tienen la cultura de exteriorizar este conocimiento, por ejemplo, mediante la documentación de sus experiencias de clase. Esto ocasiona, entre otros los siguientes problemas: desde el punto de vista de los docentes: (i) no existe una socialización de las experiencias lo que ocasiona que cada semestre se cometan los mismos errores en los procesos de enseñanza; (ii) los conocimientos tácitos de los docentes son difíciles de formalizar, comunicar y transferir. Desde el punto de vista de los estudiantes: (i) se denotan altos porcentajes de pérdida de la asignatura de programación básica; (ii) no se tiene a disposición medios educativos diferentes a la clase magistral impartida por el docente, lo que genera falta de motivación en el estudio.Una de las estrategias que puede ayudar a solventar estos problemas es lo que se conoce como un modelo de gestión del conocimiento. La integración de herramientas e-learning en la gestión del conocimiento facilita los procesos de captura, organización, almacenamiento y transferencia de información, para posteriormente acceder a ella y gestionarla.Este artículo es de revisión del estado del arte de la temática Modelos de gestión del conocimiento en la educación.
CELDAS FOTOVOLTAICAS DE ALTA EFICIENCIA Y SISTEMA DE PANELES SOLARES DEL CUBESAT COLOMBIA 1
Authors: Salamanca Céspedes Jorge Enrique 
Published: August 2017

El presente documento presenta el resultado parcial de la investigación acerca de las tecnologías de celdas solares multijuntura para uso espacial. Asimismo, se presenta una recopilación de los pasos que se han seguido hasta la fecha en el diseño de un prototipo de paneles fotovoltaicos de acuerdo a los requerimientos físicos, eléctricos y financieros del picosatélite Cubesat Colombia 1 de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas.