bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between endothelial function and skin advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) accumulation in a sample of predominantly young and healthy adults
Authors: Fewkes Juanita J. , Dordevic Aimee L. , Murray Margaret , Williamson Gary , Kellow Nicole J. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
In populations with chronic disease, skin autofluorescence (SAF), a measure of long-term fluorescent advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) accumulation in body tissues, has been associated with vascular endothelial function, measured using flow-mediated dilation (FMD). The primary aim of this study was to quantify the relationship between endothelial function and tissue accumulation of AGEs in adults from the general population to determine whether SAF could be used as a marker to predict early impairment of the endothelium.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 125 participants (median age: 28.5 y, IQR: 24.4–36.0; 54% women). Endothelial function was measured by fasting FMD. Skin AGEs were measured as SAF using an AGE Reader. Participant anthropometry, blood pressure, and blood biomarkers were also measured. Associations were evaluated using multivariable regression analysis and were adjusted for significant covariates.

Results
FMD was inversely correlated with SAF (ρ = -0.50, P < 0.001) and chronological age (ρ = -0.51, P < 0.001). In the multivariable analysis, SAF, chronological age, and male sex were independently associated with reduced FMD (B [95% CI]; -2.60 [-4.40, -0.80]; -0.10 [-0.16, -0.03]; 1.40 [0.14, 2.67], respectively), with the multivariable model adjusted R2 = 0.31, P < 0.001.

Conclusions
Higher skin AGE levels, as measured by SAF, were associated with lower FMD values, in a predominantly young, healthy population. Additionally, older age and male participants exhibited significantly lower FMD values, corresponding with compromised endothelial function. These results suggest that SAF, a simple and inexpensive marker, could be used to predict endothelial impairment before the emergence of any structural artery pathophysiology or classic cardiovascular disease risk markers.

Trial registration
The study was prospectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12621000821897) and concurrently entered into the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform under the same ID number.
Inducible clindamycin-resistant and biofilm formation in the Staphylococcus aureus isolated from healthcare worker’s anterior nasal carriage
Authors: Firouzjaei Mahdi Dadashi , Halaji Mehrdad , Yaghoubi Sajad , Hendizadeh Peyman , Salehi Maryam , Mohammadi Mohsen , Pournajaf Abazar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study is a new update on the resistance profile, Macrolide–Lincosamide–Streptogramin B resistance mechanisms and biofilm formation in the Staphylococcus aureus isolated from health care workers (HCWs) nasal carriage at a children’s teaching hospital in Babol (Northern Iran).

Results
A total of 143 non-repetitive nasal swab samples were collected from volunteers, where 53.8% (n; 77/143) were HCWs, 33.6% (n; 48/143) medical students, and 12.6% (n; 18/143) resident students. The prevalence of nasal carriers of S. aureus was 22.4% (n; 32/143), among them, 40.6% (n; 13/32) were identified as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA( carriers. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that erythromycin (68.8%, n; 22/32) and ciprofloxacin (15.6%, n; 5/32) had the highest and lowest resistance rate, respectively. The frequency of resistance genes in the strains was as follows; ermC (n; 17/32, 53.1%), ermA (n; 11/32, 34.4%), ermB (n; 6/32, 18.7%), ereA (n; 3/32, 9.4%). Moreover, 50.0% (n; 16/32), 28.1% (n; 9/32) and 21.8% (n; 7/32) of isolates were strongly, weakly and moderately biofilm producer, respectively. Macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramins B (MLSB) antibiotic resistance among S. aureus isolates from HCWs nasal carriage have found significant prevalence rates throughout the globe. It is crucial to remember that the development of biofilms and MLS B antibiotic resistance are both dynamic processes.
Postcranial anatomy of Besanosaurus leptorhynchus (Reptilia: Ichthyosauria) from the Middle Triassic Besano Formation of Monte San Giorgio (Italy/Switzerland), with implications for reconstructing the swimming styles of Triassic ichthyosaurs
Authors: Bindellini Gabriele , Wolniewicz Andrzej S. , Miedema Feiko , Dal Sasso Cristiano , Scheyer Torsten M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBesanosaurus leptorhynchus Dal Sasso & Pinna, 1996 was originally described on the basis of a single complete fossil specimen excavated near Besano (Italy). However, a recent taxonomic revision and re-examination of the cranial osteology allowed for the assignment of five additional specimens to the taxon. Here, we analyse, describe and discuss the postcranial anatomy of Besanosaurus leptorhynchus in detail. The size of the specimens examined herein ranged from slightly more than one meter to eight meters. Overall, several diagnostic character states for this taxon are proposed, demonstrating a mosaic of plesiomorphic and derived features. This is best exemplified by the limbs, which show very rounded elements in the forelimbs, and pedal phalanges with retained rudimentary shafts. We suggest that the widely spaced phalanges in the forefins of Besanosaurus leptorhynchus were embedded in a fibrocartilage-rich connective tissue, like in modern cetaceans. We also review the similarities of Besanosaurus with Pessopteryx and Pessosaurus, allowing us to conclude that Besanosaurus is not a junior synonym of either of the two taxa. Lastly, to test the swimming capabilities of Besanosaurus leptorhynchus, we expanded on a previously published study focussing on reconstructing the swimming styles of ichthyosaurs. Besanosaurus leptorhynchus was found to possess a peculiar locomotory mode, somewhat intermediate between anguilliform swimmers, such as Cymbospondylus and Utatsusaurus, and some shastasaur-grade (e.g., Guizhouichthyosaurus) and early-diverging euichthyosaurian (e.g., Californosaurus) ichthyosaurs. Based on our results, we furthermore suggest that mixosaurids acquired their characteristic body profile (dorsal fin and forefins that are distinctly enlarged compared to the hindfins) independently and convergently to the one that later appeared in Parvipelvia. Moreover, the different swimming styles inferred for Cymbospondylus, Mixosauridae, and Besanosaurus strengthen the earlier hypothesis of niche partitioning among these three distinct ichthyosaur taxa from the Besano Formation.
The validation of short eating disorder, body dysmorphia, and Weight Bias Internalisation Scales among UK adults
Authors: Lantos Dorottya , Moreno-Agostino Darío , Harris Lasana T. , Ploubidis George , Haselden Lucy , Fitzsimons Emla 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
When collecting data from human participants, it is often important to minimise the length of questionnaire-based measures. This makes it possible to ensure that the data collection is as engaging as possible, while it also reduces response burden, which may protect data quality. Brevity is especially important when assessing eating disorders and related phenomena, as minimising questions pertaining to shame-ridden, unpleasant experiences may in turn minimise any negative affect experienced whilst responding.

Methods
We relied on item response theory to shorten three eating disorder and body dysmorphia measures, while aiming to ensure that the information assessed by the scales remained as close to that assessed by the original scales as possible. We further tested measurement invariance, correlations among different versions of the same scales as well as different measures, and explored additional properties of each scale, including their internal consistency. Additionally, we explored the performance of the 3-item version of the modified Weight Bias Internalisation Scale and compared it to that of the 11-item version of the scale.

Results
We introduce a 5-item version of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, a 3-item version of the SCOFF questionnaire, and a 3-item version of the Dysmorphic Concern Questionnaire. The results revealed that, across a sample of UK adults (N = 987, ages 18–86, M = 45.21), the short scales had a reasonably good fit. Significant positive correlations between the longer and shorter versions of the scales and their significant positive, albeit somewhat weaker correlations to other, related measures support their convergent and discriminant validity. The results followed a similar pattern across the young adult subsample (N = 375, ages 18–39, M = 28.56).

Conclusions
These results indicate that the short forms of the tested scales may perform similarly to the full versions.
The transfer effect of computational thinking (CT)-STEM: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Zuokun , Oon Pey Tee 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Integrating computational thinking (CT) into STEM education has recently drawn significant attention, strengthened by the premise that CT and STEM are mutually reinforcing. Previous CT-STEM studies have examined theoretical interpretations, instructional strategies, and assessment targets. However, few have endeavored to delineate the transfer effects of CT-STEM on the development of cognitive and noncognitive benefits. Given this research gap, we conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to provide deeper insights.

Results
We analyzed results from 37 studies involving 7,832 students with 96 effect sizes. Our key findings include: (i) identification of 36 benefits; (ii) a moderate overall transfer effect, with moderate effects also observed for both near and far transfers; (iii) a stronger effect on cognitive benefits compared to noncognitive benefits, regardless of the transfer type; (iv) significant moderation by educational level, sample size, instructional strategies, and intervention duration on overall and near-transfer effects, with only educational level and sample size being significant moderators for far-transfer effects.

Conclusions
This study analyzes the cognitive and noncognitive benefits arising from CT-STEM’s transfer effects, providing new insights to foster more effective STEM classroom teaching.
Generic sofosbuvir and daclatasvir for treatment of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Moustafa Ahmed , AbdAllah Mohamed , Akel Wafaa El , Wahed Sherif , Alem Shereen Abdel , Esmat Gamal 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background and purpose of the study
Sickle cell disease (SCD) patients are at a high risk of chronic liver disease (CLD) due to chronic viral hepatitis infection such as hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, iron overload, and sickle cell hepatopathy. Nowadays, several oral direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs) have been developed and approved by the FDA for hepatitis C treatment. However, the safety and efficacy of DAAs in SCD patients remain insufficiently explored.

Purpose of the study
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of administration of generic sofosbuvir (SOF) and daclatasvir (DCV) for 12 weeks in SCD patients infected with HCV.

Methods
A retrospective study included 38 SCD patients infected with HCV treated with generic SOF (400 mg) and DCV (60 mg) for 12 weeks without ribavirin. The effectiveness of the HCV treatment was assessed by the sustained virologic response (SVR) at 24 weeks after the end of the treatment (SVR24).

Results
The SVR24 rate was 100% (38/38).There were insignificant alterations in hemoglobin and total bilirubin levels during HCV treatment or at end of treatment (EOT). The number of anemic patients who needed blood transfusion two weeks before HCV treatment, at week 4 of treatment, and at EOT was 11 (28.9%), 3 (8%), and 1 (3%) respectively. Moreover, the reductions in serum transaminase levels from baseline were statistically significant compared to the EOT.

Conclusion
Generic SOF and DCV regimens appear to be safe and effective in the treatment of chronic HCV in patients with SCD.
Differences in Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Patients With Cancer Six Months Before Death
Authors: Tam Samantha , Al-Antary Nada , Adjei Boakye Eric , Springer Kylie , Poisson Laila M. , Su Wan-Ting , Grewal Jeewanjot , Zatirka Theresa , Ryan Michael , Movsas Benjamin , Chang Steven S. 
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) provide a direct report of the patient's perspective, complementary to clinician assessment. Currently, understanding the real-time changes in PROM scores near the end of life remains limited. This study evaluated differences in mean PROM scores between patients with cancer within 6 months before death compared with surviving patients with cancer. METHODS This retrospective case-control study uses the National Institutes of Health's Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System computer adaptive testing instruments to assess pain interference, physical function, fatigue, and depression. Patients dying within 6 months of PROM completion were selected as cases and matched to controls 1:3 by age at PROM completion, sex, cancer disease site, and cancer stage at diagnosis. Generalized estimating equation models assessed the difference in mean PROM score in cases compared with controls. RESULTS A total of 461 cases and 1,270 controls from September 2020 to January 2023 were included. After adjustment for ethnicity, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and census tract median household income, significant differences in mean scores were demonstrated. Physical function domain showed the largest difference, with cases averaging 6.52 points lower than controls (95% CI, –8.25 to –4.80). Fatigue and pain interference domains showed a rise in PROMs scores by 4.83 points (95% CI, 2.94 to 6.72) and 4.33 points (95% CI, 2.53 to 6.12), respectively. CONCLUSION Compared with controls, patients dying within 6 months of PROM completion demonstrated worse PROM scores in the four domains assessed. These findings suggest the utility of routinely collected PROMs as a real-time indicator of the terminal stage of life among patients with cancer to allow for earlier intervention with supportive oncology services.
Anabolic-androgenic steroids in sport
Authors: Dutka Martyna , Bernacki Radosław , Bernacki Piotr , Zardzewiały Witold , Skrzyńska Klaudia , Zaremskyi Oleksii , Przybyło Izabela , Fuszara Kamil , Mendyk Krzysztof 
Published: September 2024

Introduction and objective
Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are a group of doping substances. They cause muscle hypertrophy and an increase in strength. Moreover, they may lead to dangerous side effects. Knowledge of the side effects of AAS use is necessary because in clinical practice we often encounter patients who decide to supplement with steroids. The aim of the study is to present information on the epidemiology, mechanism of action, methods of detecting AAS, the impact of the substance on the male and female body, and a description of organ side effects, highlighting: the cardiovascular system, the nervous system and the psyche.

Review methods
Literature search was conducted in the PubMed database with inclusion criteria ‘free full texts’ and publications date between 2015 – 2024. A total of 7272 results were found; 30 publications were ultimately included in the review.

Abbreviated description of the state of knowledge
Overusing AAS is very popular among people training at the gym. They have an anabolic effect on muscle tissue. They contribute to infertility in men and masculinization in women. Stimulation of androgen receptors above physiological doses of AAS leads to vascular changes that, in extreme cases, may lead to sudden cardiac death. Moreover, they accelerate brain aging. An increase in aggression and risky sexual behavior has been observed among people using doping. The diagnostic material used in anti-doping tests is urine and blood serum.
Summary
AAS abuse is a serious public health problem. Men who want to improve their figure and decide to use doping are particularly at risk. Due to the easy availability of steroids, society should be made aware of the negative effects of steroid use.
Research on Multidimensional Interactive Teaching Mode of Ideological and Political Theory Course for Physical Education Majors in the University Based on Visual Communication Technology
Authors: Song Peng , Wang Shaojie , Jiang Bo , Zhao Lunan 
Published: September 2024

In traditional teaching concepts, teachers are regarded as the owners, transmitters and authorities of knowledge. With the arrival of the information age, the channels for students of sports major to know more about information have increased, and the concept of equality based on people in modern education has opened up a new situation of equal dialogue and exchange. The biggest difference between multi-dimensional interactive teaching mode and traditional teaching mode lies in its emphasis on interactivity and participation. Through purposeful communication and benign interaction teaching methods, combined with the characteristics of sports majors.In the process of teaching ideological and political theory, the abstract and boring theoretical knowledge is combined with the limited social experience of students of sports major to give students of sports major a new feeling, new experience and new stimulation. This kind of interactive and cooperative teaching activities has increased the appeal, persuasiveness and appeal of theoretical propaganda. Form an interactive space for multi-directional communication of teaching information, so that knowledge learning and ability development are unified. The use of visual communication technology in multi-dimensional interactive teaching fully mobilizes students of sports major' enthusiasm, fun, intuitiveness and thinking, creating a passionate classroom teaching atmosphere.
Quantization of topological edge mode in a one-dimensional photonic crystal heterostructure
Authors: Singh Ankit , Tiwari Akhilesh , Shahrukh  , Kumar Nishant , Kumar Pramod 
Published: September 2024

The study of topological phases of matter has seen significant advancements in recent years, largely driven by the discovery and exploration of their distinctive topological edge states. Here, we delve into the edge properties of a one-dimensional periodic multilayer structure. The analysis reveals that this system exhibits characteristics akin to the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model in optics. The theoretical analysis explores the impact of multiple interfaces on the emergence of a topological edge mode (TEM) within the structure. The proposed heterostructure functions as a general beam splitter. Moreover, when the interface is doubled, the heterostructure exhibits two TEM states, resulting from the quantization of an incoming beam into its two equally orthogonal constituents. As the number of interfaces increases, more quantized TEM states occur within the photonic bandgap. Also, it identifies that the quality factor of the original TEM mode at 382.08 THz frequency linearly increases with respect to the number of interfaces. The outcome suggests potential applications in photonic sensors, optoelectronics, and photonic devices, indicating the heterostructure’s pivotal role in advancing these fields.
The state of primary healthcare centers in Saudi Arabia: A regional analysis for 2022
Authors: Kattan Waleed 
Published: September 2024

Objective
This study examines the 2022 distribution of primary healthcare centers across Saudi Arabia’s 20 regions, focusing on disparities and healthcare accessibility.

Methods
A quantitative analysis of the Ministry of Health’s data was conducted. Primary healthcare centers distribution was evaluated by calculating the number of primary healthcare centers per 100,000 population across different administrative regions.

Results
The study uncovered regional disparities, with the PHCs-per-100,000-people ratio showing significant variance. Regions like Riyadh had an above-average ratio with 7.5 PHCs-per-100,000-people, while Jeddah lagged behind with a concerning 3.2 PHCs-per-100,000-people despite being a populous city. The PHC-per-capita ratio declined to 6.6 in 2022 from 8.0 in 2017. The data also revealed that the Eastern Province showed an increase in the number of primary healthcare centers.

Conclusion
Disparities in the distribution of primary healthcare centers in 2022 highlight a critical need for equitable healthcare access across Saudi Arabia. Many regions require increased primary healthcare center allocation to match population needs. The findings underscore the urgency of integrating these insights into policy frameworks to achieve the goals of Vision 2030, emphasizing the development of a sustainable and equitable healthcare system.

Implications
Policymakers need to consider these disparities to guide the strategic placement of primary healthcare centers and ensure an equitable healthcare system. This study provides a basis for targeted policy interventions to improve healthcare equity and prepare the health system for future demographic and epidemiological transitions.
How childhood psychological abuse affects adolescent cyberbullying: The chain mediating role of self-efficacy and psychological resilience
Authors: Ying Haihua , Han Yang 
Published: September 2024

Background
Despite the recognition of the impact of childhood psychological abuse, self-efficacy, and psychological resilience on cyberbullying, there is still a gap in understanding the specific mechanisms through which childhood psychological abuse impacts cyberbullying via self-efficacy and psychological resilience.

Methods
Based on the Social Cognitive Theory, this study aims to investigate the link between childhood psychological abuse and cyberbullying in adolescents, mediated by the sequential roles of self-efficacy and psychological resilience. The sample consisted of 891 students (M = 15.40, SD = 1.698) selected from four public secondary schools in Jiangsu Province, Eastern China. All the participants filled in the structured self-report questionnaires on childhood psychological abuse, self-efficacy, psychological resilience, and cyberbullying. The data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 and structural equation modeling (SEM) in AMOS 24.0.

Results
The findings of this study are as follows: (1) Childhood psychological abuse is positively associated with adolescent cyberbullying; (2) Self-efficacy plays a mediating role between childhood psychological abuse and adolescent cyberbullying; (3) Psychological resilience plays a mediating role between childhood psychological abuse and adolescent cyberbullying; (4) Self-efficacy and psychological resilience play a chain mediation role between childhood psychological abuse and adolescent cyberbullying.

Conclusion
This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms linking childhood psychological abuse to adolescent cyberbullying, shedding light on potential pathways for targeted interventions and support programs to promote the well-being of adolescents in the face of early adversity.