bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subacute effects of rose Bengal/Green light cross linking on rabbit thin corneal stability and safety
Authors: Wang Ti , Zhu Lu , Zhu Jingyin , Peng Yinbo , Shen Nianci , Yu Yan , Yao Min 
Published: November 2017

Background and PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the subacute effects of Rose Bengal (RB) and 532 nm green light‐induced photochemical crosslinking (RB‐PCL) on rabbit thin corneal stability and safety in vivo.Materials and MethodsRabbit thin corneal models with 250 μm thickness were created by photorefractive keratectomy surgery. Photochemical crosslinking with green light (wavelength 532 nm) at an illumination intensity of 0.4 W/cm2 for 250 s (100 J/cm2) was performed, followed by antibiotic treatment and slit lamp monitoring for four weeks. At the end of week four, corneal biomechanical stiffness, biochemical resistance to collagenase digestion, and corneal cellular morphology were assessed. The penetration depth of RB into the corneal stromal was measured by confocal microscopy.ResultsAt the end of week 4, RB‐PCL had increased corneal tensile strength by an average 2.5‐fold and had extended the corneal collagenase digestion time from 10.17 ± 2.93 to 15.83 ± 2.64 days. RB penetrated approximately 90 µm into the corneal stroma. RB‐PCL did not alter the corneal endothelial and stromal morphology at the cellular or subcellular levels, according to electron microscopic examination.ConclusionsRB and 532 nm green light irradiation effectively induced crosslinking in rabbit thin cornea, by increasing both the biomechanical stiffness and the biochemical resistance without evidence of morphological damage to the corneal endothelium or stroma. This study demonstrated the efficacy of RB‐PCL in strengthening thin cornea at four weeks after the treatment, providing a potential and possibly better option for treating corneal ectasia disorders in cases where corneal thickness is less than 400 µm. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:324–332, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Super‐wavelets on local fields of positive characteristic
Authors: Shukla Niraj K. , Maury Saurabh Chandra 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe concept of super‐wavelet was introduced by Balan, and Han and Larson over the field of real numbers which has many applications not only in engineering branches but also in different areas of mathematics. To develop this notion on local fields having positive characteristic we obtain characterizations of super‐wavelets of finite length as well as Parseval frame multiwavelet sets of finite order in this setup. Using the group theoretical approach based on coset representatives, further we establish Shannon type multiwavelet in this perspective while providing examples of Parseval frame (multi)wavelets and (Parseval frame) super‐wavelets. In addition, we obtain necessary conditions for decomposable and extendable Parseval frame wavelets associated to Parseval frame super‐wavelets.
Iterative Photoinduced Chain Functionalization as a Generic Platform for Advanced Polymeric Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Samad Assala Al , Bethry Audrey , Janouskova Olga , Ciccione Jérémie , Wenk Christiane , Coll Jean‐Luc , Subra Gilles , Etrych Tomas , Omar Fawaz El , Bakkour Youssef , Coudane Jean , Nottelet Benjamin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAdvanced drug delivery systems (DDS) are easily designed following a photoiterative strategy. Multifunctional polymers are obtained by coupling building blocks of interest to an alkynated poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) platform via an efficient thiol–yne photoaddition. Fine‐tuning over the design is achieved, as illustrated with targeting and enzyme‐responsive DDS.
Ventral Intermediate Nucleus Versus Zona Incerta Region Deep Brain Stimulation in Essential Tremor
Authors: Eisinger Robert S. , Wong Joshua , Almeida Leonardo , Ramirez‐Zamora Adolfo , Cagle Jackson N. , Giugni Juan C. , Ahmed Bilal , Bona Alberto R. , Monari Erin , Wagle Shukla Aparna , Hess Christopher W. , Hilliard Justin D. , Foote Kelly D. , Gunduz Aysegul , Okun Michael S. , Martinez‐Ramirez Daniel 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) is the target of choice for Essential Tremor (ET) deep brain stimulation (DBS). Renewed interest in caudal zona incerta (cZI) stimulation for tremor control has recently emerged and some groups believe this approach may address long‐term reduction of benefit seen with VIM‐DBS.ObjectivesTo compare clinical outcomes and DBS programming in the long‐term between VIM and cZI neurostimulation in ET‐DBS patients.Materials and MethodsA retrospective review of 53 DBS leads from 47 patients was performed. Patients were classified into VIM or cZI groups according to the location of the activated DBS contact. Demographics, DBS settings, and Tremor Rating Scale scores were compared between groups at baseline and yearly follow‐up to 4 years after DBS. Student t‐tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare variables between groups.ResultsRelative to baseline, an improvement in ON‐DBS tremor scores was observed in both groups from 6 months to 4 years post‐DBS (p < 0.05). Although improvement was still significant at 4 years, scores from month 6 to 2 years were comparable between groups but at 3 and 4 years post‐DBS the outcome was better in the VIM group (p < 0.01). Stimulation settings were similar across groups, although we found a lower voltage in the VIM group at 3 years post‐DBS.ConclusionsMore ventral DBS contacts in the cZI region do improve tremor, however, VIM‐DBS provided better long‐term outcomes. Randomized controlled trials comparing cZI vs VIM targets should confirm these results.
Cognitive impairment in Glucocerebrosidase (GBA)‐associated PD: Not primarily associated with cerebrospinal fluid Abeta and Tau profiles
Authors: Lerche Stefanie , Schulte Claudia , Srulijes Karin , Pilotto Andrea , Rattay Tim W. , Hauser Ann‐Kathrin , Stransky Elke , Deuschle Christian , Csoti Ilona , Lachmann Ingolf , Zetterberg Henrik , Liepelt‐Scarfone Inga , Gasser Thomas , Maetzler Walter , Berg Daniela , Brockmann Kathrin 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundA proportion of idiopathic Parkinson's disease patients (PDidiopathic) with dementia show altered CSF profiles of amyloid β (Aβ) and Tau. PD patients with Glucocerebrosidase (GBA) mutations (PDGBA) present with even more cognitive decline than seen in PDidiopathic.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate whether CSF profiles of Aβ and tau are associated with the prominent cognitive impairment in PDGBA.MethodsCSF levels of Aβ1‐42, t‐Tau, p‐Tau, and total alpha‐synuclein were assessed in 479 participants (50 PDGBA, 308 PDidiopathic, 121 healthy controls).ResultsOlder age was associated with cognitive impairment in PDGBA and PDidiopathic. Despite prominent cognitive impairment, PDGBA showed similar CSF levels of Aβ1‐42, t‐Tau, and p‐Tau as seen in healthy controls. In contrast, lower levels of Aβ1‐42 and higher levels of t‐Tau and p‐Tau were associated with worse cognitive performance in PDidiopathic.ConclusionsThe prominent cognitive impairment in PDGBA seems not primarily associated with Aβ and Tau profiles in CSF. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Injury to the perineal branch of the pudendal nerve in men: Outcomes from surgical resection of the perineal branches
Authors: Wan Eric L. , Dellon A. Lee 
Published: November 2017

ObjectiveThe objective is to report the outcome of an anterior surgical approach to treat neuroma of the perineal branch of the pudendal nerve (PBPN).Patients and methodsAn IRB‐approved prospective study enrolled 14 consecutive male patients from 2011 through 2015 who had symptoms of perineal/scrotal pain. Each patient had a successful, diagnostic, pudendal nerve block. The surgical procedure was resection of the PBPN and implantation of the nerve into the obturator internus muscle. Mean age at surgery was 50 ± 15 years. Median duration of pain symptoms was 5.5 years (range 1.2–42.9 years). Mechanisms of injury was exercise (6/14), prostatectomy (4/14), and falls (4/14). Outcomes were the Male Pudendal Pain Functional Questionnaire (MQ), and the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS).ResultsThe mean postoperative follow‐up was 26 ± 14 months. The MQ demonstrated that after surgery, patients overall had significantly less disability due to pudendal pain (P < .03). The NPRS revealed that pain significantly improved (P < .004).ConclusionsResection of the PBPN and implantation of this nerve into the obturator internus muscle significantly relieved men's pelvic pain disability.
Urinary incontinence in pregnant adolescents: A case series
Authors: Barbosa Leila , Cruz Thamiris , Carvalho Amanda , Torres Elise , Porto Isabel , Nascimento Kaylla , Lemos Andrea 
Published: November 2017

AimsDetermine the severity of urinary incontinence (UI) and its effect on the quality of life (QoL) of pregnant adolescents, as well as explore the strategies used to manage UI and the reporting/investigation of this condition by healthcare professionals.MethodsA case series was conducted in three Brazilian public hospitals that offer prenatal care. Inclusion criteria were: age between 10 and 19 years, gestational age of 27 weeks or more, and reported UI in the third trimester of pregnancy. All volunteers responded to the Incontinence Severity Index (to assess severity of UI) and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence—Short Form (to evaluate the effect of UI on QoL). A descriptive analysis of data were done.ResultsA total of 329 incontinent pregnant adolescents with mean age of 17.09 years (95%CI 16.92‐17.26), who reported voiding urgency (72.0%), increased daytime urinary frequency (75.1%), nocturia (96.7%), and mixed UI (44.1%) were included in the study. UI was considered moderate to severe (79.3%) and had a moderate effect on QoL (mean 9.84; 95%CI 9.40‐10.28). The volunteers used UI management strategies (66.6%), with bladder emptying prior to activities (56.8%) and the use of sanitary pads (29.5%) most frequently reported. UI is not disclosed voluntarily (89.1%) or explored by healthcare professionals (91.2%).ConclusionUI can be moderate to severe and has a moderate effect on QoL in incontinent pregnant adolescents, who use strategies to manage this condition. Healthcare professionals do not identify this urinary symptom during prenatal care.
Diagnosis of lethal or prenatal‐onset autosomal recessive disorders by parental exome sequencing
Authors: Stals Karen L. , Wakeling Matthew , Baptista Júlia , Caswell Richard , Parrish Andrew , Rankin Julia , Tysoe Carolyn , Jones Garan , Gunning Adam C. , Lango Allen Hana , Bradley Lisa , Brady Angela F. , Carley Helena , Carmichael Jenny , Castle Bruce , Cilliers Deirdre , Cox Helen , Deshpande Charu , Dixit Abhijit , Eason Jacqueline , Elmslie Frances , Fry Andrew E. , Fryer Alan , Holder Muriel , Homfray Tessa , Kivuva Emma , McKay Victoria , Newbury‐Ecob Ruth , Parker Michael , Savarirayan Ravi , Searle Claire , Shannon Nora , Shears Deborah , Smithson Sarah , Thomas Ellen , Turnpenny Peter D. , Varghese Vinod , Vasudevan Pradeep , Wakeling Emma , Baple Emma L. , Ellard Sian 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveRare genetic disorders resulting in prenatal or neonatal death are genetically heterogeneous, but testing is often limited by the availability of fetal DNA, leaving couples without a potential prenatal test for future pregnancies. We describe our novel strategy of exome sequencing parental DNA samples to diagnose recessive monogenic disorders in an audit of the first 50 couples referred.MethodExome sequencing was carried out in a consecutive series of 50 couples who had 1 or more pregnancies affected with a lethal or prenatal‐onset disorder. In all cases, there was insufficient DNA for exome sequencing of the affected fetus. Heterozygous rare variants (MAF < 0.001) in the same gene in both parents were selected for analysis. Likely, disease‐causing variants were tested in fetal DNA to confirm co‐segregation.ResultsParental exome analysis identified heterozygous pathogenic (or likely pathogenic) variants in 24 different genes in 26/50 couples (52%). Where 2 or more fetuses were affected, a genetic diagnosis was obtained in 18/29 cases (62%). In most cases, the clinical features were typical of the disorder, but in others, they result from a hypomorphic variant or represent the most severe form of a variable phenotypic spectrum.ConclusionWe conclude that exome sequencing of parental samples is a powerful strategy with high clinical utility for the genetic diagnosis of lethal or prenatal‐onset recessive disorders. © 2017 The Authors Prenatal Diagnosis published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
The kinetics and mechanism of the homogeneous, unimolecular gas‐phase elimination of 2‐(4‐substituted‐phenoxy)tetrahydro‐2H‐pyranes
Authors: Alvarez‐Aular Alvaro , Cartaya Loriett , Maldonado Alexis , Coll David Santiago , Chuchani Gabriel 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe gas‐phase elimination kinetics of tetrahydropyranyl phenoxy ethers: 2‐phenoxytetrahydro‐2H‐pyran, 2‐(4‐methoxyphenoxy)tetrahydro‐2H‐pyran, and 2‐(4‐tert‐butylphenoxy)tetrahydro‐2H‐pyran were determined in a static system, with the vessels deactivated with allyl bromide, and in the presence of the free radical inhibitor toluene. The working temperature and pressure were 330 to 390°C and 25 to 89 Torr, respectively. The reactions yielded DHP and the corresponding 4‐substituted phenol. The eliminations are homogeneous, unimolecular, and satisfy a first‐order rate law. The Arrhenius equations for decompositions were found as follows:

2‐phenoxytetrahydro‐2H‐pyran
log k1 (s−1) = (14.18 ± 0.21) − (211.6 ± 0.4) kJ mol−1 (2.303 RT)−1
2‐(4‐methoxyphenoxy)tetrahydro‐2H‐pyran
log k1 (s−1) = (14.11 ± 0.18) − (203.6 ± 0.3) kJ mol−1 (2.303 RT)−1
2‐(4‐tert‐butylphenoxy)tetrahydro‐2H‐pyran
log k1 (s−1) = (14.08 ± 0.08) − (205.9 ± 1.0) kJ mol−1 (2.303 RT)−1
The analysis of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for thermal elimination of 2‐(4‐substituted‐phenoxy)tetrahydro‐2H‐pyranes suggests that the reaction proceeds via 4‐member cyclic transition state. The results obtained confirm a slight increase of rate constant with increasing electron donating ability groups in the phenoxy ring. The pyran hydrogen abstraction by the oxygen of the phenoxy group appears to be the determinant factor in the reaction rate.
Composite of P(VDF‐CTFE) and aromatic polythiourea for capacitors with high‐capacity, high‐efficiency, and fast response
Authors: Cheng Zhaoxi , Zhou Wanfeng , Zhang Chen , Li Qian , Sha Ruochen , Chen Xin , Chu Baojin , Shen Qun‐Dong 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTFor next generation of miniaturized personal electronics and pulsed power systems for smart power grids, electric vehicles, and electromagnetic launchers, flexible capacitors from dielectric polymers with high‐capacity, high‐efficiency, and fast response are highly desirable. Dielectric polymer composite of P(VDF‐CTFE), that is poly(vinylidene fluoride‐chlorotrifluoroethylene) and a small amount of aromatic polythiourea (PTU) has been described. It combines the merits of both polymers, that is high dipole density and easy processability of P(VDF‐CTFE), as well as large dipole moment and high charge–discharge efficiency of PTU. Most impressively, PTU boosts the maximum breakdown strength of P(VDF‐CTFE), and thus extracts its maximum energy reserve capacity. PTU also contributes to the promoted charge–discharge efficiency, accelerated discharge, and reduced dielectric loss in P(VDF‐CTFE), which facilitate the composite for flexible capacitor applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys.2018,56, 193–199
Effects of Calcination Temperature on the Physical Properties and Hydrogen Evolution Activities of La5Ti2Cu(S1‐xSex)5O7 Photocatalysts
Authors: Nandy Swarnava , Hisatomi Takashi , Katayama Masao , Minegishi Tsutomu , Domen Kazunari 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLa5Ti2Cu(S1‐xSex)5O7 (LTCS1‐xSexO) solid solutions are found to function as visible‐light‐driven photocatalysts to evolve H2 from aqueous solutions containing sacrificial electron donors. However, this photocatalytic activity is reduced with increasing Se concentrations because of excessive particle growth during calcination at high temperatures. In the present study, the physical properties and photocatalytic H2 evolution activities of LTCS1‐xSexO (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6) solid solution photocatalysts synthesized by solid‐state reactions at varying temperatures are assessed. It is found that the photocatalyst particle sizes are reduced upon lowering the calcination temperature. In addition, the calcination temperature resulting in the highest photocatalytic H2 evolution rates for NiS‐loaded LTCS1‐xSexO is shown to become lower with increasing Se content. The H2 evolution activity of LTCS1‐xSexO (0.2 ≤ x ≤ 0.6) is improved several‐fold by optimizing the calcination temperature because the excessive growth of particles is avoided. The activity of these materials is further improved by coloading Pt and NiS cocatalysts. This work demonstrates the importance of controlling the particle size of narrow bandgap LTCS1‐xSexO oxysulfoselenides so as to effectively utilize visible light during photocatalytic H2 evolution.
Distribution of glyphosate‐resistant Amaranthus spp. in Nebraska
Authors: Vieira Bruno C , Samuelson Spencer L , Alves Guilherme S , Gaines Todd A , Werle Rodrigo , Kruger Greg R 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDPalmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.), common waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus var. rudis), and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) are major weeds occurring in fields throughout Nebraska with recurrent grower complaints regarding control with glyphosate. The objective of this study was to investigate the frequency and distribution of glyphosate‐resistant Palmer amaranth, common waterhemp, and redroot pigweed populations in Nebraska. The study also aimed to investigate how agronomic practices influence the occurrence of glyphosate resistance in the three Amaranthus species.RESULTSGlyphosate resistance was widespread in common waterhemp (81% of the screened populations), few Palmer amaranth populations were glyphosate‐resistant (6% of the screened populations), whereas no glyphosate‐resistant redroot pigweed populations were identified in Nebraska. Weed species, geographic region within the state, and current crop were the most important factors predicting the occurrence of glyphosate resistance in fields infested with Amaranthus species in Nebraska.CONCLUSIONThe intensive glyphosate selection pressure exerted in soybean (Glycine max) fields in eastern Nebraska is one of the major factors causing widespread occurrence of glyphosate resistance in common waterhemp in the state. The relatively low frequency of glyphosate‐resistant Palmer amaranth in the state highlights the importance of the application timing and the adoption of multiple modes of action in weed management practices to delay the evolution of glyphosate resistance. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Stability of strigolactone analog GR24 toward nucleophiles
Authors: Halouzka Rostislav , Tarkowski Petr , Zwanenburg Binne , Ćavar Zeljković Sanja 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDStrigolactones (SLs) are plant hormones that play various roles in plant development. The chemical stability of SLs depends on the solvent, the pH, and the presence of nucleophiles. Hydrolysis leads to detachment of the butenolide ring, and plays a crucial role in the initial stages of the signal‐transduction process occurring between the receptor and the SL signaling molecule.RESULTSTo date, two different mechanisms have been proposed for SL hydrolysis. Results obtained from kinetic, thermodynamic, and mass spectral data for the reaction between the widely used synthetic SL analog GR24 and seven different nucleophiles demonstrate that the reaction proceeds via the Michael addition–elimination mechanism.CONCLUSIONThis study provides valuable information on the chemical stability of GR24 in different plant growth media and buffers. Such information is valuable for scientists using GR24 treatments to study SL‐regulated processes in plants. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Field‐evolved resistance to Bt maize in sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis) in Argentina
Authors: Grimi Damián A , Parody Betiana , Ramos María Laura , Machado Marcos , Ocampo Federico , Willse Alan , Martinelli Samuel , Head Graham 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDMaize technologies expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal proteins are widely used in Argentina to control sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis Fabricius). Unexpected D. saccharalis damage was observed to Bt maize events TC1507 (expressing Cry1F) and MON 89034 × MON 88017 (expressing Cry1A.105 and Cry2Ab2) in an isolated area of San Luis Province. Diatraea saccharalis larvae were sampled from MON 89034 × MON 88017 fields in the area to generate a resistant strain (RR), which was subsequently characterized in plant and diet bioassays.RESULTSSurvivorship of the RR strain was high on TC1507 leaf tissue, intermediate on MON 89034 × MON 88017, and low on MON 810 (expressing Cry1Ab). The RR strain had high resistance to Cry1A.105 (186.74‐fold) and no resistance to Cry2Ab2 in diet bioassays. These results indicate resistance to Cry1F and Cry1A.105 (and likely cross‐resistance between them) but not to Cry1Ab or Cry2Ab2. Resistance to MON 89034 × MON 88017 was functionally recessive. Reviews of grower records suggest that resistance initially evolved to Cry1F, conferring cross‐resistance to Cry1A.105, with low refuge compliance as the primary cause. A mitigation plan was implemented in San Luis that included technology rotation, field monitoring, and grower education on best management practices (BMPs) including refuges.CONCLUSIONIn the affected area, the resistance to Cry1F and Cry1A.105 is being managed effectively through use of MON 89034 × MON 88017 and MON 810 in combination with BMPs, and no spread of resistance to other regions has been observed. © 2017 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
The implications of spatially variable pre‐emergence herbicide efficacy for weed management
Authors: Metcalfe Helen , Milne Alice E , Hull Richard , Murdoch Alistair J , Storkey Jonathan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe efficacy of pre‐emergence herbicides within fields is spatially variable as a consequence of soil heterogeneity. We quantified the effect of soil organic matter on the efficacy of two pre‐emergence herbicides, flufenacet and pendimethalin, against Alopecurus myosuroides and investigated the implications of variation in organic matter for weed management using a crop–weed competition model.RESULTSSoil organic matter played a critical role in determining the level of control achieved. The high organic matter soil had more surviving weeds with higher biomass than the low organic matter soil. In the absence of competition, surviving plants recovered to produce the same amount of seed as if no herbicide had been applied. The competition model predicted that weeds surviving pre‐emergence herbicides could compensate for sublethal effects even when competing with the crop. The ED50 (median effective dose) was higher for weed seed production than seedling mortality or biomass. This difference was greatest on high organic matter soil.CONCLUSIONThese results show that the application rate of herbicides should be adjusted to account for within‐field variation in soil organic matter. The results from the modelling emphasised the importance of crop competition in limiting the capacity of weeds surviving pre‐emergence herbicides to compensate and replenish the seedbank. © 2017 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.