bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multisite Evaluation of a Data Quality Tool for Patient-Level Clinical
Datasets
Authors: Huser Vojtech , DeFalco Frank J. , Schuemie Martijn , Ryan Patrick B. , Shang Ning , Velez Mark , Park Rae Woong , Boyce Richard D. , Duke Jon , Khare Ritu , Utidjian Levon , Bailey Charles 
Published: December 2016

Introduction: Data quality and fitness for analysis are crucial if outputs of
analyses of electronic health record data or administrative claims data should be
trusted by the public and the research community.Methods: We describe a data quality
analysis tool (called Achilles Heel) developed by the Observational Health Data Sciences
and Informatics Collaborative (OHDSI) and compare outputs from this tool as it was
applied to 24 large healthcare datasets across seven different organizations.Results: We
highlight 12 data quality rules that identified issues in at least 10 of the 24 datasets
and provide a full set of 71 rules identified in at least one dataset. Achilles Heel is
a freely available software that provides a useful starter set of data quality rules
with the ability to add additional rules. We also present results of a structured
email-based interview of all participating sites that collected qualitative comments
about the value of Achilles Heel for data quality evaluation.Discussion: Our analysis
represents the first comparison of outputs from a data quality tool that implements a
fixed (but extensible) set of data quality rules. Thanks to a common data model, we were
able to compare quickly multiple datasets originating from several countries in America,
Europe and Asia.
Breaking Down Barriers to Community Inclusion Through Service-Learning: A Qualitative Exploration
Authors: Jones Jennifer L. , Gallus Kami L. , Cothern Amanda S. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Lack of meaningful interaction between persons with and without disabilities contributes to prejudice and perpetuates barriers to community inclusion. The current study explored a university-community agency partnership designed to break down barriers to community inclusion by promoting interaction between college students and adults with developmental disabilities. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to discover and describe the experience of undergraduate university students involved in a service-learning project that included visiting the community homes of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities receiving state services. Final course term papers of 156 undergraduate students were analyzed using a team-based approach. Nine salient themes emerged from the term papers and are discussed. Findings from this study have implications for university faculty and community agencies interested in promoting cultural competence and removing barriers to community inclusion.
The Multiplicity Problem for Periodic Orbits of Magnetic Flows on the 2-Sphere
Authors: Abbondandolo Alberto , Asselle Luca , Benedetti Gabriele , Mazzucchelli Marco , Taimanov Iskander A. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
We consider magnetic Tonelli Hamiltonian systems on the cotangent bundle of the 2-sphere, where the magnetic form is not necessarily exact. It is known that, on very low and on high energy levels, these systems may have only finitely many periodic orbits. Our main result asserts that almost all energy levels in a precisely characterized intermediate range

(

e
0

,

e
1

)

${(e_{0},e_{1})}$

possess infinitely many periodic orbits. Such a range of energies is non-empty, for instance, in the physically relevant case where the Tonelli Lagrangian is a kinetic energy and the magnetic form is oscillating (in which case,

e
0

=
0

${e_{0}=0}$

is the minimal energy of the system).
„Wenn auf der Erde die Liebe herrschte, wären alle Gesetze entbehrlich.“
Authors: Wischermann Else Maria , Lorenzen Heinz-Jürgen , Hatscher Bernd 
Published: December 2016

Zusammenfassung
Das Unmögliche erreichen: wie bekommt man unterschiedliche Bibliotheken, Pflichtexemplarrecht, Innovation, Gleichbehandlung der Bürger bei der Medien- und Informationsversorgung und digitale Herausforderungen unter einen Hut? Drei Bibliotheksvertreter Schleswig-Holsteins, die sehr unterschiedliche Bibliothekstypen vertreten, beschreiben, welche Prämissen zugrunde lagen und welche Hoffnungen sie mit dem Bibliotheksgesetz verbinden.
Methodologies for evaluating strategies to reduce diagnostic error: report from the research summit at the 7th International Diagnostic Error in Medicine Conference
Authors: Bruce Beau B. , El-Kareh Robert , Ely John W. , Kanter Michael H. , Rao Goutham , Schiff Gordon D. , ten Berg Maarten J. , McDonald Kathryn M. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this article we review current evidence on strategies to evaluate diagnostic error solutions, discuss the methodological challenges that exist in investigating the value of these strategies in patient care, and provide recommendations for methods that can be applied in investigating potential solutions to diagnostic errors. These recommendations were developed iteratively by the authors based upon initial discussions held during the Research Summit of the 7th Annual Diagnostic Error in Medicine Conference in September 2014. The recommendations include the following elements for designing studies of diagnostic research solutions: (1) Select direct and indirect outcomes measures of importance to patients, while also practical for the particular solution; (2) Develop a clearly-stated logic model for the solution to be tested; (3) Use rapid, iterative prototyping in the early phases of solution testing; (4) Use cluster-randomized clinical trials where feasible; (5) Avoid simple pre-post designs, in favor of stepped wedge and interrupted time series; (6) Leverage best practices for patient safety research and engage experts from relevant domains; and (7) Consider sources of bias and design studies and their analyses to minimize selection and information bias and control for confounding. Areas of diagnostic error mitigation research identified for further attention include: role of competing diagnoses, understanding the impacts of organizational culture, timing of diagnosis, and sequencing of research studies. Future research will likely require novel clinical, health services, and qualitative research methods to address the age-old problem of arriving at an accurate diagnosis.
An analysis of Chosen Image Formation Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar with FMCW
Authors: Okoń-Fąfara Marta , Serafin Piotr , Kawalec Adam 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The modelling of FMCW SAR systems, due to long signal duration time, commonly used start-stop approximation for pulsed radars causes errors in the image. Continuous motion of the radar platform results in additional range-azimuth couplings and range walk term that should be considered in processing of signal from this type of radar. The paper presents an analysis of the following algorithms: Time Domain Correlation (TDC), Range Doppler Algorithm (RDA), and Range Migration Algorithm (RMA). The comparison of the algorithms is based on theoretical estimation of their computation complexity and the quality of images obtained on the basis of real signals of FMCW SAR systems.
Comparison of Indoor/Outdoor, RSSI-Based Positioning Using 433, 868 or 2400 MHz ISM Bands
Authors: Chruszczyk Łukasz , Zając Adam 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This paper compares accuracy of indoor positioning systems using one of three selected ISM bands: 433, 868 or 2400 MHz. Positioning is based on Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), received by majority of ISM RF modules, including low-cost ones. Investigated environment is single, indoor space (e.g. office, hall) and personal use, thus 2-dimensional (2D) coordinate system is used. Obtained results, i.a. average positioning error, are compared with similar measurements taken at outdoor, open space environment. The system is local, i.e. its operational area is limited by range of used RF modules – typical a few tens of meters. The main focus is research of how much accuracy (and usefulness) can be expected from standard RF modules working at typical ISM frequencies.
Utility of the Colorimetric Folin-Ciocalteu and Aluminum Complexation Assays for Quantifying Secondary Metabolite Variation among Wild Sunflowers
Authors: Webber Juliana F. , Mason Chase M. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSecondary metabolites serve multiple functions in plants, and play a key role in many ecological processes. Accordingly, the quantification of such compounds is central to addressing many questions in plant science. Alongside precision analytical methods like gas and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, there exists a substantial niche for inexpensive and rapid spectrophotometric approaches if their usefulness in a system can be demonstrated. This study seeks to examine the utility of two commonly used colorimetric methods – the Folin-Ciocalteu assay and the aluminum complexation assay – for quantifying variation in leaf phenolic and flavonoid content among members of the genus Helianthus, the sunflowers. Among species known a priori to vary substantially in both the diversity and relative concentrations of secondary metabolites, both assays detect substantial variation among species. Moreover, total phenolic content as assessed by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay correlates positively with concentrations of multiple individual phenolic compounds as quantified by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, indicating that the Folin-Ciocalteu describes variation in sunflower phenolic content. Additionally, the diversity of flavonoids known from Helianthus include a number of those known to be sensitive to the aluminum complexation assay, indicating that this assay may also be a useful descriptor of relative variation in sunflower flavonoid content. In total, both the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum complexation assays appear to capture useful, if coarse, variation in secondary metabolites among Helianthus species, and seem useful as rapid low-cost methods for exploratory research, preliminary analyses, and potentially useful for high-throughput phenotyping within wild or cultivated sunflower with proper calibration.
Design of Broadband High Dynamic-Range Fiber Optic Links
Authors: Monsurrò P. , Tommasino P. , Trifiletti A. , Vannucci A. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
An analytic design-oriented model of microwave optical links has been developed. The core of the model is the non-linear and noise model of a Mach-Zehnder LiNbO3 interferometer. Both a 100 MHz–20 GHz link and a linearized microwave link, comprising an auxiliary modulator, have been designed and prototyped by using the model.
Improved Performance Analysis of Free Space Optics Communication Link under Rain Conditions using EDFA Pre-amplifier
Authors: Singh Mehtab 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Free Space Optics (FSO) also known as Optical Wireless Communication (OWC) is a communication technology in which free space/air is used as the propagation medium and optical signals are used as the information carriers. One of the most crucial factors which degrade the performance of FSO link is the signal attenuation due to different atmospheric weather conditions such as haze, rain, storm, and fog. In this paper, an improved performance analysis of a 2.5 Gbps FSO link under rain conditions has been reported using Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) as a pre-amplifier. The results show that the maximum link distance for an FSO link under rain weather conditions with acceptable performance levels (Q

∼
6

$$\sim6$$

and BER

≤

10

−
9

)

$$ \le {10^{- 9}})$$

in the absence of EDFA pre-amplifier is 1,250 m which increases to 1,675 m with the use of EDFA pre-amplifier.
Digital Narratives of Belonging as
Anglophone or Francophone in a Cameroon
Online News Forum
Authors: Anchimbe Eric A. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Using readers’ comments on an online news forum (The Post newspaper), this paper describes
patterns of belonging to the historical (colonial) linguistic in-group anglophone and out-group francophone
in Cameroon. These groups emerged from the British-French colonisation of the country after WW1, with
anglophones representing the former British colony and francophones the French. My focus is on the use
of eight plural pronouns and how they index in-group or out-group belonging. Four of the pronouns, we,
our, us and ourselves are used inclusively to create a solid anglophone in-group through the narration of a
common (colonial) history, linguistic background (the use of English) and experiences. The other four, they,
them, their and themselves refer predominantly to francophones as an out-group that must be differentiated
from the close-knit anglophone in-group. I illustrate how, in defending the boundaries of these groups,
the commentators autobiographically narrate the life trajectories of their in-group, highlight its values and
interrogate the moral stance of the out-group. They benefit from the digital space which provides anonymity
and closes the geographical distances between them. Overall, the anglophone in-group narrative emerges
as an autobiographical narrative within the bigger (national) autobiographical narrative of the country, into
which it often opens and is sometimes integrated.
The Imperative to Explore the Impact of Disarmament on Peacemaking Efforts and Conflict Recurrence
Authors: Levin Jamie , Miodownik Dan 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
There is today a well-established consensus that belligerents must be disarmed in order to reconstruct shattered states and establish a robust and durable peace in the wake of internal armed conflict. Indeed, nearly every UN peacekeeping intervention since the end of the Cold War has included disarmament provisions in its mandate. Disarmament is guided by the arrestingly simple premise that weapons cause conflict and, therefore, must be eradicated for a civil conflict to end. If the means by which combatants fight are eliminated, it is thought, actors will have little choice but to commit to peace. Disarmament is, therefore, considered a necessary condition for establishing the lasting conditions for peace. To date, however, no systematic quantitative analysis has been undertaken of the practice of disarmament and the causal mechanisms remain underspecified. This paper is a preliminary attempt to fill that gap. In it we outline a series of hypotheses with which to run future statistical analyses on the effects of disarmament programs. The success of negotiations and the durability of peace are, perhaps, the single most salient issues concerning those engaged in conflict termination efforts. We therefore focus the bulk of this paper on a review of the supposed effects of disarmament on negotiating outcomes and war recurrence.
Two centuries-long dendroclimatic reconstruction based on Low Arctic Betula pubescens from Tromsø Region, Northern Norway
Authors: Opała Magdalena , Migała Krzysztof , Owczarek Piotr 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This study presents the results of dendrochronological and dendroclimatological research of Betula pubescens from four sites in northern Norway (Kvaløya Island, Tromsøya Island and Storelva Valley), which provided a 193-year chronology. Our results highlight the importance of the site selection in dendroclimatological studies. We demonstrated that activity of geomorphic processes connected with local topography could led to reduced strength of climatic signal embedded in tree-ring data. Negative pointer years, triggered mainly by unfavourable climatic conditions and insect outbreaks, were common for all site chronologies in 1945, 1955, 1965, 1975, 1986, 2004. However, some site-specific differences were also distinguished. Response function analysis confirmed that June, July and August temperatures were positively correlated with tree-ring widths. This climate-growth relationship was stable throughout the years 1925–2000. From summer temperature reconstruction back to AD 1820, two colder (c. 1835–1850 and 1890–1920) and two warmer (c. 1825–1835 and 1920–1940) periods were identified. The tree-ring record from the Tromsø Region, well correlated between series, sites and climate variables, is an important element of a large-scale reconstruction of pre-instrumental climate variation in the northeastern part of the Atlantic Ocean. Our dendroclimatic reconstruction corresponds well with other climate proxy data, like fluctuations of mountain glaciers in Scandinavia or sea ice extent.
Freshwater mineral nitrogen and essential elements in autotrophs in James Ross Island, West Antarctica
Authors: Coufalík Pavel , Prochazková Petra , Zvěřina Ondřej , Trnková Kateřina , Skácelová Kateřina , Nývlt Daniel , Komárek Josef 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe lakes and watercourses are habitats for various communities of cyanobacteria and algae, which are among the few primary producers in Antarctica. The amount of nutrients in the mineral-poor Antarctic environment is a limiting factor for the growth of freshwater autotrophs in most cases. In this study, the main aim was to assess the availability of mineral nitrogen for microorganisms in cyanobacterial mats in James Ross Island. The nitrate and ammonium ions in water environment were determined as well as the contents of major elements (C, N, P, S, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn) in cyanobacterial mats. The molar ratios of C:N, C:P and N:P in mats were in focus. The growth of freshwater autotrophs seems not to be limited by the level of nitrogen, according to the content of available mineral nitrogen in water and the biogeochemical stoichiometry of C:N:P. The source of nutrients in the Ulu Peninsula is not obvious. The nitrogen fixation could enhance the nitrogen content in mats, which was observed in some samples containing theNostocsp.
Investigations on Health Conditions of Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Accident Recovery Workers from Latvia in Late Period after Disaster
Authors: Reste Jeļena , Zvagule Tija , Kurjāne Nataļja , Šķesters Andrejs , Silova Alīse , Eglīte Maija , Cīrule Jolanta , Gabruševa Natālija , Zīverts Andris , Čurbakova Elvīra 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The paper summarises the main findings on Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (CNPP) accident recovery workers from Latvia and their health disturbances, which have been studied by the authors during the last two decades. Approximately 6000 persons from Latvia participated in CNPP clean-up works in 1986–1991. During their work period in Chernobyl they were exposed to external as well as to internal irradiation, but since their return to Latvia they were living in a relatively uncontaminated area. Regular careful medical examinations and clinical studies of CNPP clean-up workers have been conducted during the 25 years after disaster, gathering knowledge on radiation late effects. The aim of the present review is to summarise the most important information about Latvian CNPP clean-up worker health revealed by thorough follow-up and research conducted in the period of 25 years after the accident. This paper reviews data of the Latvian State Register of Persons Exposed to Radiation due to CNPP Accident and gives insight in main health effects found by the researchers from the Centre of Occupational and Radiological Medicine (Pauls Stradiņš Clinical University Hospital) and Rīga Stradiņš University in a number of epidemiological, clinical, biochemical, immunological, and physiological studies. Latvian research data on health condition of CNPP clean-up workers in the late period after disaster indicate that ionising radiation might cause premature ageing and severe polymorbidity in humans.
Preschool Personnel Exposure to Occupational Noise
Authors: Kaļužnaja Darja , Lakiša Svetlana 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Increased noise, which is also below the occupational exposure values and is “hearing safe” noise, affects the exposed person’s health as a non-specific stressor. Increased noise level also creates an environment for additional vocal apparatus load. The objective of this study was to determine preschool personnel occupational noise and its relationship with subjective health complaints. Data were obtained with survey assistance through subjective answers of respondents about health complaints and noise exposure among Rīga preschool personnel. Objective noise measurements were made to assess real noise levels in the preschool environment. Data from 155 respondents and objective measurements of 37 preschool classrooms were obtained. The results showed that the average 8-h noise exposure among Rīga preschool educational institutions was 70 dB(A), which did not exceed the Latvian work environment noise limits, but exceeded the 35–40 dB(A) noise limit in the educational environment guidelines recommended by the WHO. The survey results showed that loud noise is one of the most important workplace environmental factors (~70% of respondents feel a necessity to increase voice because of noise). A constant feeling of fatigue, headache, irritable feeling, and a desire to isolate oneself from others more often occurred in respondents exposed to increased noise, compared with those who noted that they were not exposed to increased noise. In general, loud noise was associated with increased subjective health complaints in preschool education institution personnel.
The content of chromium and copper in plants and soil fertilized with sewage sludge with addition of various amounts of CaO and lignite ash
Authors: Wysokiński Andrzej , Kalembasa Stanisław , Kuziemska Beata , Łozak Izabela , Mucuś Łukasz 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The influence of fertilization with fresh sewage sludge with the addition of calcium oxide and lignite ash in the proportions dry mass 6:1, 4:1, 3:1 and 2:1 on the content of chromium and copper in plants and soil and uptake of these elements was investigated in pot experiment. Sewage sludge were taken from Siedlce (sludge after methane fermentation) and Łuków (sludge stabilized in oxygenic conditions), eastern Poland. The chromium content in the biomass of the test plants (maize, sunflower and oat) was higher following the application of mixtures of sewage sludge with ash than of the mixtures with CaO. The copper content in plants most often did not significantly depend on the type of additives to the sludge. Various amounts of additives to the sewage sludge did not have a significant effect on the contents of either of the studied trace elements in plants. The contents of chromium and copper in soil after 3 years of cultivation of plants were higher than before the experiment, but these amounts were not significantly differentiated depending on the type and the amount of the used additive (i.e. CaO vs. ash) to sewage sludge.