bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light‐Controlled Photochemical Synthesis of Gelatin‐Capped Gold Nanoparticles for Spectral Activity and Electro‐oxidation of Quercetin
Authors: Thirumalraj Balamurugan , Rajkumar Chellakannu , Chen Shen‐Ming , Dhenadhayalan Namasivayam , Lin King‐Chuen 
Published: July 2017

AbstractGelatin‐capped gold nanoparticles (GEL‐AuNPs) were prepared through the in situ reduction of tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl4) in gelatin solution under UV light without external reducing agents. The effect of HAuCl4 concentration and reaction time intervals were monitored by using UV/Vis spectroscopy. The hydrophilic and biocompatible nature of the GEL‐AuNPs composite was studied in terms of their optical activity and electrocatalytic activity toward quercetin (QR). The optical spectra showed a decrease in the absorbance and enhancement in fluorescence of QR as a function of AuNPs, owing to the interaction between QR and GEL‐AuNPs. The spectral changes of QR may be caused by hydrogen‐bond formation between the amine groups in GEL‐AuNPs and −OH and/or carbonyl groups in QR. In addition, the GEL‐AuNPs exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity towards QR oxidation. The DPV results displayed a good linear response range over the concentrations of QR (0.02 to 34.5 μM) with a detection limit of 1.9 nM. Moreover, GEL‐AuNPs could be utilized for the determination of QR in onion and apple samples for practical applications with satisfactory recoveries.
Stepwise Growth of Fullerene Nanoparticles through Guest Exchange of γ‐Cyclodextrin Complexes in Water
Authors: Sugikawa Kouta , Kozawa Kentaro , Ueda Masafumi , Ikeda Atsushi 
Published: July 2017

AbstractStepwise growth of fullerene nanoparticles (nCx; x=60 or 70) was performed through guest exchange of a γ‐cyclodextrin (γ‐CD) complex. Fullerenes bicapped by γ‐CD were mixed with presynthesized nCx in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in water. Fullerenes expelled from the γ‐CD hosts by PEG were piled on the original nCx, resulting in growth of nCx. This process could be repeated and the size of nCx increased according to the number of growth steps. The growth of fullerene nanoparticles was confirmed by UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering measurements, and TEM observations. The stepwise growth method also enabled the preparation of C60/C70 core/shell fullerene nanoparticles, which had the ability to photogenerate active oxygen, 1O2.
Prediction of EPR Spectra of Lyotropic Liquid Crystals using a Combination of Molecular Dynamics Simulations and the Model‐Free Approach
Authors: Prior Christopher , Oganesyan Vasily S. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe report the first application of fully atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to the prediction of the motional electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of lyotropic liquid crystals in different aggregation states doped with a paramagnetic spin probe. The purpose of this study is twofold. First, given that EPR spectra are highly sensitive to the motions and order of the spin probes doped within lyotropic aggregates, simulation of EPR line shapes from the results of MD modelling provides an ultimate test bed for the force fields currently employed to model such systems. Second, the EPR line shapes are simulated using the motional parameters extracted from MD trajectories using the Model‐Free (MF) approach. Thus a combined MD‐EPR methodology allowed us to test directly the validity of the application of the MF approach to systems with multi‐component molecular motions. All‐atom MD simulations using the General AMBER Force Field (GAFF) have been performed on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC) liquid crystals. The resulting MD trajectories were used to predict and interpret the EPR spectra of pre‐micellar, micellar, rod and lamellar aggregates. The predicted EPR spectra demonstrate good agreement with most of experimental line shapes thus confirming the validity of both the force fields employed and the MF approach for the studied systems. At the same time simulation results confirm that GAFF tends to overestimate the packing and the order of the carbonyl chains of the surfactant molecules.
A Series of Linear {FeIII2FeII} Complexes with Paramagnetic Building‐Block‐Modified Spin Crossover Behaviors
Authors: Hu Ji‐Xiang , Meng Yin‐Shan , Zhao Liang , Zhu Hai‐Lang , Liu Lei , Liu Qiang , Jiao Cheng‐Qi , Liu Tao 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTuning of the spin crossover (SCO) behavior through paramagnetic building blocks with different steric hindrance effects is of great interest in terms of the synergy between SCO and magnetic interactions. Herein, the steric effect of specified FeIII building blocks is modified, from the large Tp* (hydridotris(3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)borate) analogue to a small Tp (hydrotris(pyrazolyl)borate) derivative; the FeII SCO unit and FeIII paramagnetic ions are incorporated into three well isolated trinuclear complexes featuring thermally induced and light‐induced SCO properties. Reanalysis of the structures reveals that π–π stacking interactions play a key role in the thermal hysteresis and anomalous octahedral distortion parameter Σ around the FeII ion. The Tp* ligand showing the largest steric hindrance induces elongated FeII−N bond lengths and bending of the C≡N−FeII angle in 1, as well as having a relatively large electron donor effect, which leads to the lowest thermal transition temperature among the three compounds.
Discovery of Novel Potent Muscarinic M3 Receptor Antagonists with Proper Plasma Stability by Structural Recombination of Marketed M3 Antagonists
Authors: Xiang Zuojuan , Liu Jun , Sun Hongbin , Wen Xiaoan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe marketed long‐acting M3 antagonists for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have inappropriate plasma stability (either overstable or excessively unstable), which causes substantial systemic exposure or poor patient compliance. To discover novel M3 antagonists with proper plasma stability, we synthesized and biologically evaluated a series of chiral quaternary ammonium salts of pyrrolidinol esters, which were designed by structural recombination of the marketed M3 antagonists. As a result, two novel potent M3 antagonists, (R/S)‐3‐[2‐hydroxy‐2,2‐di(thiophen‐2‐yl)acetoxy]‐1,1‐dimethylpyrrolidinium bromides (1 a: Ki=0.16 nm, IC50=0.38 nm, t1/2=9.34 min; 1 b: Ki=0.32 nm, IC50=1.01 nm, t1/2=19.2 min) with proper plasma stability were identified, which (particularly 1 a) hold great promise as clinical drug candidates to overcome the drawbacks caused by the inappropriate stability of the currently marketed M3 antagonists. In addition, structure–activity relationship studies revealed that the R configuration of the pyrrolidinyl C3 atom was clearly better than the S configuration.
Prognostic factors and survival outcomes in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in blast phase in the tyrosine kinase inhibitor era: Cohort study of 477 patients
Authors: Jain Preetesh , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Ghorab Ahmad , Sasaki Koji , Jabbour Elias J. , Nogueras Gonzalez Graciela , Kanagal‐Shamanna Rashmi , Issa Ghayas C. , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , KC Devendra , Dellasala Sara , Pierce Sherry , Konopleva Marina , Wierda William G. , Verstovsek Srdan , Daver Naval G. , Kadia Tapan M. , Borthakur Gautam , O'Brien Susan , Estrov Zeev , Ravandi Farhad , Cortes Jorge E. 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUNDOutcomes in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in blast phase (CML‐BP) are historically dismal. Herein, the authors sought to analyze the characteristics, prognostic factors, and survival outcomes in patients with CML‐BP in the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) era.METHODSA total of 477 patients with CML‐BP were treated with a TKI at some point during the course of their CML. Cox proportional hazard models identified characteristics that were predictive of survival. Overall survival and failure‐free survival were assessed. Optimal cutoff points for specific parameters were identified using classification and regression tree (CART) analysis.RESULTSThe median age of the patients was 53 years (range, 16‐84 years) and 64% were male. Approximately 80% of patients initially were diagnosed in the chronic phase of CML at a median of 41 months (range, 0.7‐298 months) before transformation to CML‐BP. De novo CML‐BP occurred in 71 patients. Approximately 72% of patients received TKI therapy before CML‐BP. The initial therapy for CML‐BP included a TKI alone (35%), a TKI with chemotherapy (46%), and non‐TKI therapies (19%). The median overall survival was 12 months and the median failure‐free survival was 5 months. In multivariate analysis, myeloid immunophenotype, prior TKI, age ≥58 years, lactate dehydrogenase level ≥1227 IU/L, platelet count < 102 K/μL, no history of stem cell transplantation, transition to BP from chronic phase/accelerated phase, and the presence of chromosome 15 aberrations predicted for a significantly increased risk of death. Achievement of major hematologic response and/or complete cytogenetic response to first‐line treatment was found to be predictive of better survival. The combination of a TKI with intensive chemotherapy followed by stem cell transplantation appeared to confer the best outcome.CONCLUSIONSPatients with CML‐BP continue to pose a therapeutic challenge, have dismal outcomes, and require newer treatment approaches. Cancer 2017;123:4391‐402. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Pseudocapacitive Desalination of Brackish Water and Seawater with Vanadium‐Pentoxide‐Decorated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Lee Juhan , Srimuk Pattarachai , Aristizabal Katherine , Kim Choonsoo , Choudhury Soumyadip , Nah Yoon‐Chae , Mücklich Frank , Presser Volker 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA hybrid membrane pseudocapacitive deionization (MPDI) system consisting of a hydrated vanadium pentoxide (hV2O5)‐decorated multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) electrode and one activated carbon electrode enables sodium ions to be removed by pseudocapacitive intercalation with the MWCNT–hV2O5 electrode and chloride ion to be removed by non‐faradaic electrosorption of the porous carbon electrode. The MWCNT–hV2O5 electrode was synthesized by electrochemical deposition of hydrated vanadium pentoxide on the MWCNT paper. The stable electrochemical operating window for the MWCNT–hV2O5 electrode was between −0.5 V and +0.4 V versus Ag/AgCl, which provided a specific capacity of 44 mAh g−1 (corresponding with 244 F g−1) in aqueous 1 m NaCl. The desalination performance of the MPDI system was investigated in aqueous 200 mm NaCl (brackish water) and 600 mm NaCl (seawater) solutions. With the aid of an anion and a cation exchange membrane, the MPDI hybrid cell was operated from −0.4 to +0.8 V cell voltage without crossing the reduction and oxidation potential limit of both electrodes. For the 600 mm NaCl solution, the NaCl salt adsorption capacity of the cell was 23.6±2.2 mg g−1, which is equivalent to 35.7±3.3 mg g−1 normalized to the mass of the MWCNT–hV2O5 electrode. Additionally, we propose a normalization method for the electrode material with faradaic reactions based on sodium uptake capacities.
If the coping fits, use it: Preadolescent recent stress exposure differentially predicts post‐TSST salivary cortisol recovery
Authors: Bendezú Jason J. , Wadsworth Martha E. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis study examined recent stress exposure and effortful coping effects on salivary cortisol (sC) response patterns in preadolescent boys and girls (N = 121, Mage = 10.60 years). Children were exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) and one of two randomly assigned, post‐TSST coping conditions: distraction and avoidance. Piecewise growth multilevel modeling did not link children's recent stressful life events or hair cortisol (hC) levels to sC reactivity, though each interacted with coping condition to predict sC recovery patterns. Children with elevated life stressor and hC levels demonstrated protracted sC recovery when primed with distraction, yet more efficient sC recovery when primed with avoidance. Findings challenge assumptions about universally “good” and “bad” coping by highlighting contexts where each succeed and fail in helping children manage acute stress physiology.
Three decades of forest harvesting along a suburban–rural continuum
Authors: Kittredge David B. , Thompson Jonathan R. , Morreale Luca L. , Short Gianotti Anne G. , Hutyra Lucy R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTimber harvest is an important ecological disturbance that influences species composition, understory conditions, stand structure and growth, and carbon dynamics. Regional variation in harvest regimes and the associated ecological consequences are linked to social and biophysical attributes of the landscape. We analyzed three decades of change in commercial timber harvesting on all private and public forest throughout 328 towns in Massachusetts (USA). We quantified changes in harvest activity over time and estimated probability of harvest occurrence and proportion of a town's harvest as functions of biophysical and social settings. We found little evidence of any temporal trends in harvest activity at the state or town scale. Across the suburban–rural interface, the probability of harvest occurrence on private land was consistently a function of the proportion of a town's land in forest and the distance to the urban center (Boston). The proportion of private land in a town subject to harvest was negatively related to a town's median household income. There was a significant difference in the proportion of private forest harvested in suburban vs. rural towns. The proportion of public forest subject to harvests was not related to any of the variables we examined. Total statewide estimates of commercial timber that fail to account for the suburban–rural transition may overestimate available or potential volume. Ecologically, the timber harvest disturbance regime in landscapes dominated by private ownership is strongly influenced by socioeconomic factors such as affluence and proximity to urban development, unlike other forms of natural disturbance typical of the region (e.g., wind).
A prospective evaluation of the established criteria for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction using the Alberta HEART cohort
Authors: Ezekowitz Justin A. , McAlister Finlay A. , Howlett Jonathan , Alemayehu Wendimagegn , Paterson Ian , Belenkie Israel , Oudit Gavin Y. , Kaul Padma , Dyck Jason R. , Anderson Todd ,   on behalf of the Alberta HEART Investigators
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimsHeart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (HF‐PEF) remains a difficult clinical diagnosis. The aim of this study was to test the utility of established criteria to classify patients with HF‐PEF. We prospectively enrolled patients into one of five groups across a spectrum of cardiac disease and applied three different criteria for HF‐PEF and calculated diagnostic metrics.Methods and resultsA total of 565 patients were included in the analysis, including 170 patients with an adjudicated diagnosis of HF‐PEF, 152 patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, 152 patients at risk for heart failure, and 91 age‐matched healthy controls. For the diagnosis of HF‐PEF, the positive likelihood ratios were 6.1, 6.9, and 4.8 for the Zile, European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 2007, and ESC 2016 criteria, respectively. The negative likelihood ratios were 0.58, 0.60, and 0.42 for the Zile, ESC 2007, and ESC 2016 criteria, respectively. All three criteria lacked sensitivity to detect HF‐PEF (46.5%, 44.1%, and 51.8%, respectively) but were highly specific (92.4%, 93.9%, and 89%, respectively). We further evaluated the criteria to distinguish HF‐PEF from other diagnoses after excluding heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; the results were similar.ConclusionsIn this community based cohort, the likelihood ratios of the existing criteria for HF‐PEF were not at the level necessary to be considered diagnostic. Improved criteria for the diagnosis of patients with HF‐PEF are needed.
Role of CD4 T cell helper subsets in immune response and deviation of CD8 T cells in mice*
Authors: Hogg Alison , Sui Yongjun , Ben‐Sasson Shlomo Z. , Paul William E. , Berzofsky Jay A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe ability of different CD4+ T cell subsets to help CD8+ T‐cell response is not fully understood. Here, we found using the murine system that Th17 cells induced by IL‐1β, unlike Th1, were not effective helpers for antiviral CD8 responses as measured by IFNγ‐producing cells or protection against virus infection. However, they skewed CD8 responses to a Tc17 phenotype. Thus, the apparent lack of help was actually immune deviation. This skewing depended on both IL‐21 and IL‐23. To overcome this effect, we inhibited Th17 induction by blocking TGF‐β. Anti‐TGF‐β allowed the IL‐1β adjuvant to enhance CD8+ T‐cell responses without skewing the phenotype to Tc17, thereby providing an approach to harness the benefit of common IL‐1‐inducing adjuvants like alum without immune deviation.
Reduced parahippocampal volume and psychosis symptoms in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: McLachlan Emma , Bousfield Jennifer , Howard Robert , Reeves Suzanne 
Published: July 2017

ObjectiveEstablishing structural imaging correlates of psychosis symptoms in Alzheimer's disease (AD) could localise pathology and target symptomatic treatment. This study investigated whether psychosis symptoms are associated with visuoperceptual or frontal networks, and whether regional brain volume differences could be linked with the paranoid (persecutory delusions) or misidentification (misidentification phenomena and/or hallucinations) subtypes.MethodsA total of 104 patients with probable AD (AddNeuroMed; 47 psychotic, 57 non‐psychotic), followed up for at least one year with structural MRI at baseline. Presence and subtype of psychosis symptoms were established using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Volume and cortical thickness measures in visuoperceptual and frontal networks were explored using multivariate analyses to compare with both a global (psychotic versus not) and subtype‐specific approach, adjusting for potential confounding factors.ResultsThere was a significant main effect of psychosis subtypes on the ventral visual stream region of interest (F30,264 = 1.65, p = 0.021, np2 = 0.16). This was explained by reduced left parahippocampal gyrus volume (F1,97 = 11.1, p = 0.001, np2 = 0.10). When comparisons were made across psychosis subtypes, left parahippocampal volume reduction remained significant (F7,95 = 3.94, p = 0.011, np2 = 0.11) and was greatest for the misidentification and mixed subtypes compared to paranoid and non‐psychotic groups.ConclusionsThese findings implicate the ventral visual stream in psychosis in AD, consistent with integrative theories regarding origins of psychosis, and provide further evidence for a role in the misidentification subtype. Specifically, reduced volume in the parahippocampal gyrus is implicated in misidentification delusion formation, which we hypothesise is due to its role in context attribution. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
When epigenetics meets bioengineering—A material characteristics and surface topography perspective
Authors: Larsson Lena , Pilipchuk Sophia P. , Giannobile William V. , Castilho Rogerio M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TE/RM) involves regeneration of tissues and organs using implantable biomaterials. The term epigenetics refers to changes in gene expression that are not encoded in the DNA sequence, leading to remodeling of the chromatin and activation or inactivation of gene expression. Recently, studies have demonstrated that these modifications are influenced not only by biological cues but also by mechanical and topographical signals. This review highlights the current knowledge on emerging approaches in TE/RM with a focus on the effect of materials and topography on the epigenetic expression pattern in cells with potential impacts on modulating regenerative biology. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2065–2071, 2018.
Surface cross‐linked ultra high molecular weight polyethylene by emulsified diffusion of dicumyl peroxide
Authors: Kayandan Sanem , Doshi Brinda N. , Oral Ebru , Muratoglu Orhun K. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractCross‐linking improves the wear resistance of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) used in hip and knee implants. Free radicals, generated by ionizing radiation or chemically, react to form cross‐links. Limiting cross‐linking to the articulating surface of the implant is desirable to enable high wear resistance on the surface and higher strength and toughness in the bulk. We investigated the diffusion of emulsified dicumyl peroxide (DCP) into vitamin E‐blended UHMWPE (0.1 and 0.3 wt. % vitamin‐E) with subsequent thermal decomposition in situ to obtain surface cross‐linking with the objective of achieving surface wear rate equivalent or lower than that of current clinically available materials. We diffused emulsified DCP at 100°C followed by in situ decomposition at 150°C. We also assessed the effect of having vitamin‐E in the DCP emulsion. The oxidative stability of the treated samples increased with increasing vitamin E concentration in the blend and by incorporating vitamin E into the peroxide emulsion. The impact strength of a surface cross‐linked, 0.3 wt% vitamin E blended UHMWPE prepared using this method was superior to a clinically available irradiated and melted highly cross‐linked UHMWPE while the wear resistance was comparable. These results showed the feasibility of surface cross‐linking using emulsified peroxide diffusion as a method of making tough and wear resistant joint implant bearing surfaces. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1517–1523, 2018.
Melatonin prevents mitochondrial dysfunctions and death in differentiated skeletal muscle cells
Authors: Salucci Sara , Battistelli Michela , Baldassarri Valentina , Burini Debora , Falcieri Elisabetta , Burattini Sabrina 
Published: July 2017

AbstractOxidative stress increase induces cellular damage and apoptosis activation, a mechanism believed to represent a final common pathway correlated to sarcopenia and many skeletal muscle disorders. The goal of this study is to evaluate if melatonin, a ROS scavenger molecule, is able to counteract or modulate myotube death. Here, differentiated C2C12 skeletal muscle cells have been treated with melatonin before chemicals known to induce apoptotic death and oxidative stress, and its effect has been investigated by means of morpho‐functional analyses. Ultrastructural observations show melatonin protection against triggers by the reducing of membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, myonuclei loss and in situ DNA cleavage. Moreover, melatonin is able to prevent mitochondrial dysfunctions which occur in myotubes exposed to the trigger alone. These findings demonstrate melatonin ability in preventing apoptotic cell death in skeletal muscle fibers in vitro, suggesting for this molecule a potential therapeutic role in the treatment of various muscle disorders.