bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crosstalk Between Innate Immunity and Autophagy in Viral Myocarditis Leading to Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wang Chen , Luo Honglin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTViral myocarditis, characterised by inflammation of the heart muscle, presents a significant challenge to global public health, particularly affecting younger individuals and often progressing to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a leading cause of heart failure. Despite ongoing research efforts, viable treatments for this condition remain elusive. Recent studies have shed light on the complex interplay between the innate immune response and autophagy mechanisms, revealing their pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis and subsequent DCM development. This review aims to delve into the recent advancements in understanding the molecular mechanisms and pathways that intersect innate immunity and autophagy in the context of viral myocarditis. Furthermore, it explores the potential therapeutic implications of these findings, offering insights into promising avenues for the management and treatment of this debilitating condition.
Assessing the influence of research quality on policy citations: Quantitative analysis finds non‐academic factors more likely to influence how papers get cited in SDG policy
Authors: Mahfouz Basil , Capra Licia , Mulgan Geoff 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAddressing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires policymakers to utilise high‐quality scholarly research effectively. This study explores the extent to which bibliometric indicators of research quality—field weighted citation index, journal CiteScore, author h‐index and mentions—influence the likelihood of SDG‐related research being cited in policy documents. Analysing metadata from over 16 million SDG‐related articles revealed modest relationships between selected bibliometric indicators and policy citations. This suggests that bibliometric measures of research quality may not adequately explain policy influence, or that these metrics might not capture the essence of research excellence from a policy perspective. Importantly, the study identifies variations in research utilisation across different SDGs and highlights the potential role of non‐academic factors in determining policy impact. Results provide a framework for understanding the extent to which policymakers are leveraging the best available evidence in their efforts to meet the SDGs.
Low‐Temperature Single‐Crystal Structure and Phonon Properties of A‐Site Ordered Double Perovskite CaMnTi2O6
Authors: Albrecht Elisabeth K. , Graubner Tim , Ivlev Sergei I. , Rautama Eeva‐Leena , Karppinen Maarit , Kraus Florian , Karttunen Antti J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe have used high‐pressure methods to synthesize CaMnTi2O6 single crystals with edge lengths of up to 70 μm. Compared to previously reported synthetic pathways, we were able to use gold capsules and smaller pressures of 4 GPa. X‐ray diffraction analysis of the single crystals at low temperatures between 100 and 230 K confirmed that no phase transitions occur in this temperature range. We found square planar‐coordinated Mn ions to shift further out of the plane with lower temperatures which could lead to a higher polarization. The measured Raman spectrum of CaMnTi2O6 has been compared with quantum chemically calculated Raman spectrum to assign the vibrational modes. Calculated single‐crystal Raman spectrum has also been also analyzed from the point of view of direction dependency of the Raman intensities.
Indium‐Catalyzed Direct Amidation Reaction of Carboxylic Acids and In Silico Study for Screening the Activity of Potential Therapeutics of the Synthesized Products
Authors: Hussein Mohanad A. , Al‐Jumaili Mohammed Hadi Ali , Sabi Ali A. , Abdulhussein Heider A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAmide bonds are ubiquitous and valuable motifs in synthetic chemistry, found in a wide range of applications such as the backbone of proteins and pharmaceutical agents. Thus, environmentally friendly and selective methods for synthesizing amide bonds are important. Herein, we report a simple, efficient, and rapid route to access a range of functionalized amides from non‐activated carboxylic acids and amines using indium (III) trifluoromethanesulfonate as an efficient catalyst. A wide range of carboxylic acids – including aliphatic, aromatic, heterocyclic, and dicarbonyl acids – participate smoothly in these reactions, generating structurally diverse amides in moderate to good yields (up to 91 % in 24 examples). The reactions are conducted in dry tetrahydrofuran (THF) under reflux conditions. Furthermore, this amidation strategy provides a method for addressing challenging molecules, such as protected amino acids, to produce biocompatible products. These products can then be used as substrates for various organic transformations, including C−H functionalization reactions. We also demonstrate the synthetic utility of our protocol through the synthesis of essential substrates in organic and medicinal chemistry by reacting N‐protected carboxylic acids with 8‐aminoquinoline to produce a series of biologically valuable compounds. Five of these products, named 4 f, 4p, 9a, 9c, and 9d, have been biologically evaluated through an in‐silico study. The interaction of these compounds with receptor protein 8DQT was examined to assess their potential as drug candidates for hypertension treatment. Effective binding was detected between these compounds and the receptor. Data from molecular docking studies show that compounds 4d and 4 m are the most active, with binding scores of −8.8 and −8.6 kcal/mol, respectively. However, compound 4 m exhibited a stronger binding affinity than compound 4d over the course of dynamic simulation. Our ADMET study suggests that all five compounds are highly safe in the body. Based on the BOILED‐Egg model study, good absorption is suggested for all the molecules, and they can cross the blood‐brain barrier.
Novel 3,5‐Dimethylpyrazole‐Linked 1,2,4‐Triazole‐3‐thiols as Potent Antihyperglycemic Agents: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and In Silico Molecular Modelling Investigations
Authors: Rouzi Khouloud , Mortada Salma , Hassan Mubashir , Alsalme Ali , Kloczkowski Andrzej , Karbane Miloud El , Bouatia Mustapha , Faouzi My El Abbes , Karrouchi Khalid 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this work, a series of pyrazole‐linked 1,2,4‐triazole‐3‐thiol derivatives (3a–i) were prepared and identified by 13C NMR, 1H NMR, and mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) data. The newly synthesized molecules were also evaluated in vitro for their α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase inhibitory potential. All newly synthesized compounds exhibited potent α‐glucosidase inhibition activity with IC50 in the range of 1.016 ± 0.70 to 24.40 ± 0.02 µM and good α‐amylase inhibitory with IC50 in the range of 49.91 ± 0.32 to 500 µM, as compared to acarbose. The most potent compound among this series is derivative 3e, with IC50 value of 1.016 ± 0.70 µM, which is many folds more than that of acarbose. In addition, in docking studies, both compounds exhibited good interactions at the active region of target proteins. Therefore, this study may lead via structural modifications to the discovery of new potent α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase inhibitors useful in the diabetes treatment.
Enhancing the Efficiency of Flexible, Large‐Area, ITO‐Free Organic Photovoltaic Devices
Authors: Yu Na , Dong Fangliang , Li Zheng , Gao Jiaxin , Lin Yi , Wang Ming , Tang Zheng , Ma Zaifei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe development of flexible ITO‐free devices is crucial for the industrial advancement of organic photovoltaic (OPV) technology. Here, a novel ITO‐free device architecture is proposed, and ITO‐free OPV devices are realized on glass substrates with performance comparable to that of ITO‐based devices. It is also demonstrated that the performance of ITO‐free devices on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates is limited due to the higher surface roughness of PET, leading to high voltage losses, low device quantum efficiency, and high device leakage current. To address the issue of high roughness on the PET surface, a polyimide (PI) modification strategy is developed and the PI‐modified PET is employed as the substrate to construct flexible ITO‐free OPV devices and large‐area modules with an active area of up to 16.5 cm2. This approach leads to decreased trap‐assisted recombination losses, enhanced exciton dissociation efficiency, and a reduced density of pinholes in flexible OPV devices, resulting in improved photovoltaic performance under both strong and weak illumination conditions. The outcomes of this work are expected to advance the industrial development of flexible organic photovoltaic technology.
Amino Acid Functionalized SrTiO3 Nanoarrays with Enhanced Osseointegration Through Programmed Rapid Biofilm Elimination and Angiogenesis Controlled by NIR‐Driven Gas Therapy
Authors: Liu Zheng , Wang Juehan , Qi Lin , Wang Jing , Xu Huilun , Yang Hao , Liu Jiangshan , Liu Limin , Feng Ganjun , Zhang Li 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBacterial biofilm formation is closely associated with persistent infections of medical implants, which can lead to implantation failure. Additionally, the reconstruction of the vascular network is crucial for achieving efficient osseointegration. Herein, an anti‐biofilm nanoplatform based on L‐arginine (LA)/new indocyanine green (NICG) that is anchored to strontim titanium oxide (SrTiO3) nano‐arrays on a titanium (Ti) substrate by introducing polydopamine (PDA) serving as the interlayer is designed and successfully fabricated. Near‐infrared light (NIR) is used to excite NICG, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) that react with LA to release nitric oxide (NO) molecules. Utilizing the concentration‐dependent effect of NO, high power density NIR irradiation applied during the early stage after implantation to release a high concentration of NO, which synergized with the photothermal effect of PDA to eliminate bacterial biofilm. Subsequently, the irradiation power density can be finely down‐regulated to reduce the NO concentration in subsequent treatment for accelerating the reconstruction of blood vessels. Meanwhile, SrTiO3 nano‐arrays improve the hydrophilicity of the implant surface and slowly release strontium (Sr) ions for continuously optimizing the osteogenic microenvironment. Effective biofilm elimination and revascularization alongside the continuous optimization of the osteogenic microenvironment can significantly enhance the osseointegration of the functionalized Ti implant in in vivo animal experiments.
In Situ Construction of SnS2@SnO2 Heterostructure for Photo‐Assisted Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Wang Jinnong , Wang Ze , He Jie , Han Lin , Li Xin , Han Keyi , Chen Tianen , Zhou Qianyu , Yang Luobai , Zhao Dongye , Wang Yuanhao , Wang Shifeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPhoto‐assisted electrocatalysis has arisen as a promising approach for hydrogen generation by incorporating photocatalysts into electrocatalysts. 2D SnS2 is a photocatalyst that absorbs visible light. However, the rapid recombination of photo‐generated electron‐hole pairs significantly reduces the overall photocatalytic efficiency of SnS2, limiting its practical application. Thus, this study prepares an in situ heterojunction SnS2@SnO2 using a one‐step hydrothermal method. The degradation efficiency of methyl orange (MO) using SnS2@SnO2 is measured, achieving a degradation rate of 92.75% within 1 h, which is 1.9 times higher than that of pure SnS2. Additionally, FeNiS/SnS2@SnO2 is synthesized and exhibited significant improvements in the photo‐assisted oxygen evolution reaction (OER). It achieves an overpotential of 260 mV and a Tafel slope of 65.1 mV dec−1 at 10 mA cm−2, showing reductions of 11.8% and 31.8%, respectively, compared to FeNiS alone. These enhancements highlight the strong photo‐response capability of SnS2@SnO2. Under the internal electric field of SnS2@SnO2, the photogenerated electrons in the conduction band of SnS2 quickly move toward SnO2, facilitating efficient photocatalytic reactions. FeNiS, with a lower Fermi energy level (EF), facilitates electron transfer from SnS2@SnO2 and enhances OER performance by efficiently participating in the reaction. This study paves a new path for 2D photocatalyst materials.
Impact of Microplastics on the Carbon and Nitrogen of Vermicompost
Authors: Iswahyudi Iswahyudi , Sutanto Adi , Widodo Wahyu , Warkoyo Warkoyo , Yuniwati Eny Dyah , Garfansa Marchel Putra , Ekalaturrahmah Yenni Arista Cipta , Sugiono Sugiono , Ramadani Shefa Dwijayanti , Setyobudi Roy Hendroko 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe impact of microplastics (MPs) on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content in vermicompost is not yet fully understood. This study aims to evaluate the effect of MPs on the carbon and nitrogen ratio in vermicompost, which is important for soil quality and health. The study was carried out using a control treatment and six variations of MPs in the vermicomposting process. Observations were carried out at certain time intervals for 60 days with routine measurements of pH, electrical conductivity (EC), seed germination index (GI), survival rate (SR), and C/N ratio. The results showed that all types of MPs caused a decrease in the C/N ratio compared to the control, with the high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) MPs treatment showing the most significant decrease (from 21 to 9.42). Observations also showed that MPs had an impact on reducing the SR parameters (6.88%–20.41%), pH (6.8–6.1), and EC (525.3–398 µs/cm) in vermicompost, which had an impact on the final product quality thereby reducing the GI (10%–28%). MPs have a significant effect on the C/N ratio in vermicompost, reducing the quality of the compost. This study provides new insights into how MPs can affect the composting process and the quality of the final product, important for sustainable agricultural practices and waste management.
Convective MHD flow of Casson fluid through porous medium using the Darcy‐Forchheimer model under the impact of prescribed heat sources
Authors: Devi Rekha , Sood Shilpa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBlood and other non‐Newtonian fluids are most appropriately described by a rheological model known as a Casson fluid. The presence of yield stress in Casson fluids makes them particularly relevant in the fields of biomechanics and polymer industries. In this analysis, a numerical simulation of flow of a Casson nanofluid over a stretching surface was estimated. The flow of fluid was subjected to a magnetic field of varying strength. The governing partial differential equations for momentum and heat transmission are converted into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations with the aid of similarity transformations. After that, numerical techniques are used to solve the equations. Figures and tables are utilized to illustrate how non‐dimensional parameters affect energy, concentration, and velocity trends.
Statistical analysis on the rate of heat transfer of radiative water‐based hybrid nanofluid flow over an elongating surface due to velocity slip and melting heat condition
Authors: Mathur Priya , Mishra S. R. , Pattnaik P. K. , Panda Subhajit 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe performances of the heat transfer due to dissipative heat likely magnetic dissipation is a challenging field of research because of it's diversifies applications in industries and engineering. Particularly, nowadays, in biomedical field of research the implementation of dissipation along with thermal radiation is vital. Based upon the current scenario, the present investigation leading to the role of magnetic dissipation vis‐à‐vis thermal radiation on the water‐based hybrid nanofluid past an electro‐magnetized elongating surface associated with melting boundary conditions. The adaptation of the transformed rule particularly, similarity rules are useful to convert the proposed set of problems in to ordinary. Further, shooting‐based numerical technique is proposed to handle the governing equations. The interesting and novel approach in this topic is the use of robust statistical technique, that is, response surface methodology for the optimizing Nusselt number for the use of various factors. Moreover, the validation is obtained by conducting a hypothetical testing using analysis of variance (ANOVA) which conforms a best output model for appropriate response. Further, the major outcomes of the study are depicted as; the unsteadiness parameter decelerates the velocity profile of the hybrid nanofluid for the interaction. However, the increasing particle concentration favours in enhancing the heat transport phenomenon.
Size‐dependent nonlinear transient analysis of rotating porous thick and thin FGM microblade under cooling thermal shock
Authors: Pandey Shashank 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe present work is an attempt to develop a simple, accurate, and widely applicable finite element formulation for the size‐dependent nonlinear transient analysis of the rotating porous thick and thin functionally graded material (FGM) microblade subjected to load due to centrifugal force and cooling thermal shock. First‐order shear deformation theory in conjunction with von Karman‐type nonlinearity is used in the development of the finite element formulation. The temperature‐dependent material properties of the SUS304 stainless steel and the AISI 1020 carbon steel are taken. The upper layer made of the SUS304 stainless steel is subjected to a cooling thermal shock and the lower layer made of AISI 1020 carbon steel is held constant at room temperature. The governing differential equation for the present analysis is obtained using total Lagrangian formulation in conjunction with the modified coupled stress theory (MCST). Modified Newton–Raphson in conjunction with Newmark average acceleration method is used to obtain the nonlinear transient response of the rotating porous FGM pretwisted blade. The results obtained from the present finite element formulation are first compared for a wide range of parameters. New results are presented to investigate the effect of porosity, intensity of the thermal shock, material scale ratio, rotational velocity, and volume fraction index on the nonlinear transient analysis of a rotating porous thick and thin SUS304/AISI 1020 functionally graded rotating blade under load due to centrifugal force and cooling thermal shock.
Spectrometer; Mass Separator
Authors: Méot François 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter is an introduction to nuclear physics spectrometer and mass separator optical systems. Optical specificities are discussed, leaning on concepts and on theoretical material introduced in earlier chapters, or found in Optical Elements and Keywords (Chap. 14). The chapter begins with a brief overview of mass separation techniques and their use, and continues with a reminder of underlying beam optics principles. The simulation of mass separation requires essentially three optical elements from library. DIPOLE[S] which allows for curved EFBs and field index; it also allows several, extended shimming pole plates; detector planes, in case they are located in the fringe field region of DIPOLE[S], can be introduced using the option IDRT (all this, inherited from the ab initio spectrometer design capabilities of ). QUADRUPOLE (or MULTIPOL) to simulate focusing elements, and DRIFT to simulate field-free sections. Beam monitoring relies on FAISCEAU, FAISTORE, IL = 2 flag, etc. Graphic treatment is performed using zpop or gnuplot, possibly resorted to via a SYSTEM call.
New Turn Populism: Ideological or Epistemic? An Inquiry into Explanatory Models of Populism and the Meaning of ‘Post-truth’
Authors: Strandbrink Peter 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHighlighting conceptual problems in standard political scientific analyses of the ascendance of new turn populism (NTP) in mature liberal democratic politics over the past decade, this contribution interrogates the limits of our attempt to come to terms with a style of politics that challenges core knowledge-building assumptions. Distinguishing it from ideology-based political styles, new turn populism seems unconcerned with the role of truth, evidence-invoking deliberation and reason in political talk to an excessive degree, typically too radical for scholars to grasp its far-reaching ramifications. Having moved from the fringe to the mainstream, Western NTP-political leaders and movements display entirely new levels of contempt for assessable political talk. NTP’s post-epistemic style is, hence, shifting the terms of ideological discourse in ways difficult to explain using normal political scientific methods and conceptual frameworks. It is suggested that NTP does not predominantly constitute a novel ideological package, but is characterised by departure from what is normally considered ‘ideological’ politics in the first place. Traditional methods and analytical interpretations are therefore inherently incapable of strongly assessing the thrust and significance of post-epistemic NTP trends. On this note, this contribution develops conceptual distinctions that clarify and make legible the epistemically anomalous nature of the NTP strand of contemporary politics.
Populist Democracy and the Post-truth Condition
Authors: Ólafsson Jón 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe paper explores post-truth as an epistemic condition in which established standards of verification are no longer generally shared and disagreements therefore go unsettled. I point out that two different narratives are implicitly assumed when post-truth is discussed. According to one, post-truth emerges as a reaction to liberalism's epistocratic tendencies and the perceived suppression of the public will by experts and officials. The second narrative, however, places populism at the origins of post-truth, depicting it as a consequence of the populist surge. I do not argue that one narrative must be adopted and the other rejected, but maintain that they should be kept apart. The first narrative helps understand why many currently popular forms of democratic innovation, such as deliberative mini-publics, fail to address the deeper concerns behind the post-truth condition. I argue that such efforts ignore the tension between self-determination and deference to expertise. The populist response to that, however, is to undermine the experts rather than reclaim individual liberty which, as I argue, also paradoxically shows the populist inability to clearly distance its rhetoric from expertise-based policy-making. I conclude that in thinking about the future of democracy truth-orientedness in public discourse is clearly key, yet rather than insist on increasingly robust epistemic structure of democratic decision-making, one should look for a critical reappraisal of the relations of knowledge and policy.
Nostalgic Post-truth: Towards an Anti-humanist Theory of Communication
Authors: Kalpokas Ignas , Bureiko Anna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractToday’s most prominent discussions of post-truth are united by a kernel of nostalgia, framing the present time as one of cognitive and moral decay and as open to abuse by populists. Meanwhile, this chapter demonstrates that the true object of nostalgia is, instead, the detached and disembodied rational Cartesian subject. Hence, instead of diagnosing the problems facing today’s societies, the mainstream discourse on post-truth manifests close affinities with its own object of critique—(frequently nostalgic) populism. Instead of focusing on a singular truth that has to be made great again, the political landscape postulated in this chapter is one populated by a multitude of truth-utterances, interrelating with each other on a groundless terrain without the possibility of an ultimate fixed order or grounding truth in what is conceptualized as the tragic domain of politics. Only then, it is argued, can a truly pluralist account of political discourse be embraced.