bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced genomic testing may aid in counseling of isolated agenesis of the corpus callosum on prenatal ultrasound
Authors: de Wit M.C. , Boekhorst F. , Mancini G.M. , Smit L.S. , Groenenberg I.A.L. , Dudink J. , de Vries F.A.T. , Go A.T.J.I. , Galjaard R.J.H. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveIsolated agenesis of the corpus callosum on fetal ultrasound has a varied prognosis. Microarray and exome sequencing (ES) might aid in prenatal counseling.MethodThis study includes 25 fetuses with apparently isolated complete corpus callosum (cACC) on ultrasound. All cases were offered single nucleotide polymorphism array. Complementary ES was offered postnatally in selected cases. Clinical physical and neurodevelopmental follow‐up was collected.ResultsEighteen cases opted for single nucleotide polymorphism array testing, which detected a causal anomaly in 2/18 (11.1%; 95% CI 2.0%‐31%). Among ongoing pregnancies without a causal anomaly on microarray, 30% (95% CI 8.5%‐60%) showed intellectual disability. Postnatal magnetic resonance imaging and physical examination often (64%; 95% CI 38%‐85%, and 64%; 95% CI 38%‐85%, respectively) revealed additional physical anomalies in cases without a causal anomaly on microarray. Two cases appeared truly isolated after birth. Postnatal sequencing in 4 of 16 cases without a causal anomaly on microarray but with intellectual disability and/or additional postnatal physical anomalies revealed 2 single‐gene disorders. Therefore, the estimated diagnostic yield of ES in chromosomally normal cACC fetuses is between 2/4 (50%; 95% CI 11%‐89%) and 2/16 (13.3%; 95% CI 2.4%‐36%).ConclusionIn accordance with current guidelines, we conclude that microarray should be offered in case of isolated cACC on ultrasound. ES is likely to be informative for prenatal counseling and should be offered if microarray is normal.
A platform to synthesize a soluble poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) analogue
Authors: Ertan Salih , Kaynak Cevdet , Cihaner Atilla 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTAlkyl‐substituted polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) cage is combined with 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene under the same roof. The corresponding monomer called EDOT‐POSS is used to get soluble poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT‐POSS) analogue. Both chemically and electrochemically obtained polymers are soluble in common organic solvents like dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, and so forth. The PEDOT‐POSS has somewhat higher band gap (1.71 eV at 618 nm) than its parent PEDOT (1.60 eV at 627 nm) and as expected the PEDOT‐POSS exhibits higher optical contrast (74% at 618 nm) and coloration efficiency (582 cm2/C for 100% switching), lower switching time (0.9 s), higher electrochemical stability (93% of its electroactivity retains after 5000 cycles under ambient conditions) when compared to the PEDOT. A number of advantages of the PEDOT‐POSS over the PEDOT can make it a promising material in the areas of electro‐optical applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 3935–3941
Effect of thiophene spacers in benzodithiophene‐based polymers for organic electronics
Authors: Pathiranage Taniya M. S. K. , Magurudeniya Harsha D. , Biewer Michael C. , Stefan Mihaela C. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTPoly{2,6‐bis(thiophene‐2‐yl)‐4,8‐bis(5‐dodecylthiophen‐2‐yl)benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b']dithiophene} [poly(Th‐bDTBDT‐Th)] was successfully synthesized through Stille coupling polymerization. The addition of the thiophene spacer groups between the benzodithiophene units resulted in improved performance in optoelectronic devices. This was attributed to the reduced lamellae stacking distance in thin film with prominent π–π stacking peak indicating close assembly of poly(Th‐bDTBDT‐Th). Spacing between the benzodithiophene units in poly(Th‐bDTBDT‐Th) helped the close packing of dodecyl chains and generated improved π stacking interaction. For poly(Th‐bDTBDT‐Th), the measured average field effect mobility was 2.32 × 10−3 cm2 V−1 s−1 and average hole mobility in vertical direction was 2.92 × 10−5 cm2 V−1 s−1. Charge transport in both directions was improved by one order of magnitude with the presence of the thiophene spacer. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 3942–3948
Formation and Characterization of Heavy Alkali and Silver Salts of the 4‐Nitro‐pyrazolo‐(3,4‐c)‐furazan‐5‐N‐oxide Anion
Authors: Hermann Tobias S. , Klapötke Thomas M. , Krumm Burkhard 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe nitration of 3‐amino‐4‐chloro‐oximidofurazan resulted in the formation of the unexpected anionic heterocycle 4‐nitro‐pyrazolo‐(3,4,c)‐furazan‐5‐N‐oxide. Various experiments such as changing the reactants, oxidation or methylation were attempted to elucidate the reaction conditions and mechanism. The heavier alkali and silver salts of the above‐mentioned heterocycle were isolated. The salts were characterized and investigated by means of NMR, vibrational spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction and energetic properties.
Beyond the androgen receptor II: New approaches to understanding and treating metastatic prostate cancer; Report from the 2017 Coffey‐Holden Prostate Cancer Academy Meeting
Authors: Miyahira Andrea K. , Cheng Heather H. , Abida Wassim , Ellis Leigh , Harshman Lauren C. , Spratt Daniel E. , Simons Jonathan W. , Pienta Kenneth J. , Soule Howard R. 
Published: September 2017

IntroductionThe 2017 Coffey‐Holden Prostate Cancer Academy (CHPCA) Meeting, “Beyond the Androgen Receptor II: New Approaches to Understanding and Treating Metastatic Prostate Cancer,” was held in Carlsbad, California from June 14‐17, 2017.MethodsThe CHPCA is an annual scientific conference hosted by the Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF) that is uniquely designed to produce extensive and constructive discussions on the most urgent and impactful topics concerning research into the biology and treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. The 2017 CHPCA Meeting was the 5th meeting in this annual series and was attended by 71 investigators focused on prostate cancer and a variety of other fields including breast and ovarian cancer.ResultsThe discussions at the meeting were concentrated on topics areas including: mechanisms and therapeutic approaches for molecular subclasses of castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), the epigenetic landscape of prostate cancer, the role of DNA repair gene mutations, advancing the use of germline genetics in clinical practice, radionuclides for imaging and therapy, advances in molecular imaging, and therapeutic strategies for successful use of immunotherapy in advanced prostate cancer.DiscussionThis article reviews the presentations and discussions from the 2017 CHPCA Meeting in order to disseminate this knowledge and accelerate new biological understandings and advances in the treatment of patients with metastatic prostate cancer.
Cooperative robust output regulation problem for discrete‐time linear time‐delay multi‐agent systems
Authors: Yan Yamin , Huang Jie 
Published: September 2017

SummaryIn this paper, we study the cooperative robust output regulation problem for discrete‐time linear multi‐agent systems with both communication and input delays by a distributed internal model approach. We first introduce the distributed internal model for discrete‐time multi‐agent systems with both communication and input delays. Then, we define the so‐called auxiliary system and auxiliary augmented system. Finally, we solve our problem by showing, under some standard assumptions, that if a distributed state feedback control or a distributed output feedback control solves the robust output regulation problem of the auxiliary system, then the same control law solves the cooperative robust output regulation problem of the original multi‐agent systems.
Iron Catalyzed Oxidative C(sp3)–N Cross Coupling of Amides with C(sp3)–H via a Radical Process
Authors: Li Ze‐lin , Cai Chun 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAn efficient iron‐catalyzed oxidative N–H alkylation of amides with C(sp3)–H in cycloalkanes, methylarenes and tert‐Butyl peroxybenzoate was developed. This protocol proceeded smoothly without any ligand; and tolerated a broad range of substrates, not only various amides but also the inactive C(sp3)−H bond containing compounds. Mechanistic details involving a Fe(II)/Fe(III) catalytic cycle and a single electron transfer (SET)‐type process were also described.
Advanced Nanostructured Anode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Qidi , Zhao Chenglong , Lu Yaxiang , Li Yunming , Zheng Yuheng , Qi Yuruo , Rong Xiaohui , Jiang Liwei , Qi Xinguo , Shao Yuanjun , Pan Du , Li Baohua , Hu Yong‐Sheng , Chen Liquan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSodium–ion batteries (NIBs), due to the advantages of low cost and relatively high safety, have attracted widespread attention all over the world, making them a promising candidate for large‐scale energy storage systems. However, the inherent lower energy density to lithium–ion batteries is the issue that should be further investigated and optimized. Toward the grid‐level energy storage applications, designing and discovering appropriate anode materials for NIBs are of great concern. Although many efforts on the improvements and innovations are achieved, several challenges still limit the current requirements of the large‐scale application, including low energy/power densities, moderate cycle performance, and the low initial Coulombic efficiency. Advanced nanostructured strategies for anode materials can significantly improve ion or electron transport kinetic performance enhancing the electrochemical properties of battery systems. Herein, this Review intends to provide a comprehensive summary on the progress of nanostructured anode materials for NIBs, where representative examples and corresponding storage mechanisms are discussed. Meanwhile, the potential directions to obtain high‐performance anode materials of NIBs are also proposed, which provide references for the further development of advanced anode materials for NIBs.
Cellulose‐Nanofiber‐Enabled 3D Printing of a Carbon‐Nanotube Microfiber Network
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Zhu Hongli , Wang Yibo , Ray Upamanyu , Zhu Shuze , Dai Jiaqi , Chen Chaoji , Fu Kun , Jang Soo‐Hwan , Henderson Doug , Li Teng , Hu Liangbing 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHighly conductive and mechanically strong microfibers are attractive in energy storage, thermal management, and wearable electronics. Here, a highly conductive and strong carbon nanotube/nanofibrillated cellulose (CNT–NFC) composite microfiber is developed via a fast and scalable 3D‐printing method. CNTs are successfully dispersed in an aqueous solution using 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidinyl‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO) oxidated NFCs, resulting in a mixture solution with an obvious shear‐thinning property. Both NFC and CNT fibers inside the all‐fiber‐based microfibers are well aligned, which helps to improve the interaction and percolation between these two building blocks, leading to a combination of high mechanical strength (247 ± 5 MPa) and electrical conductivity (216.7 ± 10 S cm−1). Molecular modeling is applied to offer further insights into the role of CNT–NFC fiber alignment for the excellent mechanical strength. The combination of high electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and the fast yet scalable 3D‐printing technology positions the CNT–NFC composite microfiber as a promising candidate for wearable electronic devices.
Effect and Mechanisms of Diabetes Resolution According to the Range of Gastric Resection and the Length of Anastomosis in Animal Models: Implication for Gastric Cancer Surgery in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Huh Yeon‐Ju , Son Young‐Gil , Kim Tae‐Han , Park Ji‐Ho , Oh Tae‐Jung , Choi Boram , Min Jimin , Cho Young Min , Yang Han‐Kwang , Lee Hyuk‐Joon 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundTo examine the effect and mechanism of Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on the improvement of diabetes according to the length of anastomosis and the gastric pouch volume in an animal model.MethodsGlucose intolerance was induced with a high‐fat diet for 3 months in Sprague–Dawley rats. The animals were subjected to conventional RYGB (cRYGB; 5% gastric pouch with 15‐cm Roux limb, 40‐cm biliopancreatic limb; n = 9), short‐limb RYGB (sRYGB; 5%, 8, 4 cm; n = 9), fundus‐sparing RYGB (fRYGB; 30%, 8, 4 cm; n = 9), or sham operation (n = 9). After 6 weeks, oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) were performed, and gut hormones including insulin, total GLP‐1, GIP, and ghrelin were analyzed.
ResultsThe cRYGB group showed significantly decreased food intake, body weight, and random glucose (p < 0.05). sRYGB resulted in a similar change of body weight loss to that of cRYGB, but with no improvement of hyperglycemia. The fRYGB group showed similar changes of body weight and random glucose to those of the sham group. In cRYGB and sRYGB, the level of insulin steeply increased until 30 min during OGTT. GLP‐1 was higher at 30 min in cRYGB than in other groups, without significance. The fRYGB group showed a slowly increasing pattern in OGTT and GLP‐1, and the lowest peak point in insulin and GIP.ConclusioncRYGB with 95% gastric resection was needed to achieve not only weight loss but also diabetes improvement, which could be related to the increase in GLP‐1.
Site-saturation mutagenesis of mutant l-asparaginase II signal peptide hydrophobic region for improved excretion of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase
Authors: Ismail Abbas , Illias Rosli Md 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The excretion of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) into the culture medium offers significant advantages over cytoplasmic expression. However, the limitation of Escherichia coli is its inability to excrete high amount of CGTase outside the cells. In this study, modification of the hydrophobic region of the N1R3 signal peptide using site-saturation mutagenesis improved the excretion of CGTase. Signal peptide mutants designated M9F, V10L and A15Y enhanced the excretion of CGTase three-fold and demonstrated two-fold higher secretion rate than the wild type. However, high secretion rate of these mutants was non-productive for recombinant protein production because it caused up to a seven-fold increase in cell death compared to the wild type. Our results indicated that the excretion of CGTase is highly dependent on hydrophobicity, secondary conformation and the type and position of amino acids at the region boundary and core segment of the h-region.
Zircon LA-ICP-MS Dating and Geochemical Characteristics of I-type Granitoids from the Yanhu Area, West Segment of the Bangongco-Nujiang Suture (Western Tibet): Petrogenesis and Implications for the Southward Subduction of the Tethyan Ocean
Authors: Mi Wentian , Kong Xu , Zhang Dan , Hu Jun , Wan Yongwen 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
The Yanhu granitoids are located in the west segment of the Bangongco-Nujiang suture in the western Tibetan Plateau. The main rock types of the granitoids are diorite porphyry, quartz diorite, granodiorite, granite and granite porphyry. Here, their zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages and petrogeochemical data are reported. Three groups of magmatic events can be distinguished from the Yanhu area: group 1 includes samples AK01 and ZK01 of diorite porphyry, and sample D3658 of quartz diorite that yield mean zircon U-Pb ages of 121.0 ± 2.7 Ma, 116.6 ± 2.0 Ma and 116.0 ± 3.9 Ma, respectively; group 2 includes sample D0050 of diorite porphyry, samples D1393 and D3660 of granodiorite and sample D3065 of granite porphyry that yield mean zircon U-Pb ages of 104.9 ± 2.0 Ma, 105.4 ± 3.8 Ma, 104.2 ± 1.9 Ma and 104.2 ± 1.9 Ma, respectively; group 3 includes sample D3093 of granite that yields mean zircon U-Pb ages of 93.6 ± 1.5 Ma. The zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages suggest that the Yanhu granitoids were emplaced at 121.0 – 93.6 Ma, representing Cretaceous magmatism in the west segment of the Bangongco-Nujiang suture. The granitoids are composed of SiO2 (56.57 to 76.98 wt.%), Al2O3 (12.20 to 17.90 wt.%), Na2O (3.61 to 4.98 wt.%), K2O (2.06 to 4.71 wt.%) and CaO (0.27 to 5.74 wt.%). The Yanhu granitoids exhibit enrichment in LREE (light REE) and LILE (large ion lithophile elements) such as Rb, Th, U, Pb and K and depletion of HREE (heavy REE), P, Ti, Nb, Ta and Zr. Their A/CNK ratios of 0.85-1.06 are &lt;1.1, implying that they are high-K, metaluminous-weakly peraluminous I-type granites. The Yanhu granitoids were generated mainly by partial melts of the meta-igneous lower crust and some arc-related materials. The Yanhu granitoids probably formed in VAG and syn-COLG tectonic settings related to the southward subduction of the Tethyan Ocean. Diorite porphyry and quartz diorite magmatism from 121.0 Ma to 116.0 Ma may be associated with the southward Bangongco–Nujiang Tethys oceanic crust subduction. Diorite porphyry, granodiorite, and granite porphyry magmatism from 105.4 Ma to 104.2 Ma may be associated with the rising asthenosphere induced by the slab breakoff. Granite magmatism from 93.6 Ma may be related to the crustal thickening induced by the final amalgamation of the Lhasa Terrane and the Qiangtang Terrane.
Craniodental morphology and diet ofLeptarctus oregonensis(Mammalia, Carnivora, Mustelidae) from the Mascall Formation (Miocene) of central Oregon
Authors: Calede Jonathan J. , Kehl Winifred A. , Davis Edward B. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe Leptarctinae are an enigmatic subfamily of mustelids present in North America and Eurasia during the Miocene (Arikareean to Hemphillian North American Land Mammal Ages). Their diet and ecology have been particularly controversial. Some workers have suggested they were similar to koalas, whereas others suggested they were crushing omnivores analogous to raccoons.Leptarctus oregonensisStock, 1930, a poorly known leptarctine from the early Barstovian, is represented by fragmented cranial elements and isolated teeth from the Mascall Formation of Oregon, and some fairly complete but undescribed material from the Olcott Formation of western Nebraska. Herein, we describe the first well-preserved skull ofL.oregonensisfrom the type formation. Based on this new specimen, we confirm thatL.oregonensisis a distinct species fromL.primusLeidy, 1856 andL.ancipidensWhite, 1941 that is characterized by a distinct morphology of its tympanic projections and first upper molars. We are also able to describe intraspecific variation withinL.oregonensiscoinciding with the geographic distribution of the specimens (Oregon and Nebraska). The most variable characters are concentrated in the morphology of the frontals and the upper fourth premolar. Additional specimens will be needed to settle the debate over sexual dimorphism in this species, but this new specimen suggests thatLeptarctus oregonensis, despite being one of the smallest members of the Leptarctinae, was an animal-dominated omnivore with considerable crushing ability.
Revisiting late Holocene sea-level change from the Gilbert Islands, Kiribati, west-central Pacific Ocean
Authors: Yamano Hiroya , Kayanne Hajime , Yamaguchi Toru , Inoue Tomomi , Mochida Yukira , Baba Shigeyuki 
Published: September 2017

AbstractNew coral microatoll data allow presenting an updated late Holocene sea-level curve for the Gilbert Islands of Kiribati. Examination of build-up elevation and spatial distribution of microatolls, along with radiocarbon age data from coral samples, suggest an approximately 1 m sea-level high stand, possibly lasting from ~3500 to 1900 cal yr BP. Our sea-level curve, which is similar to the one reported from the Marshall Islands, is a baseline to reconstruct the evolution of reef flats and reef islands. In addition, it provides important contextual data to infer human settlement on islands in the west-central Pacific.
Refractive Index Imaging of Cells with Variable-Angle Near-Total Internal Reflection (TIR) Microscopy
Authors: Bohannon Kevin P. , Holz Ronald W. , Axelrod Daniel 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe refractive index in the interior of single cells affects the evanescent field depth in quantitative studies using total internal reflection (TIR) fluorescence, but often that index is not well known. We here present method to measure and spatially map the absolute index of refraction in a microscopic sample, by imaging a collimated light beam reflected from the substrate/buffer/cell interference at variable angles of incidence. Above the TIR critical angle (which is a strong function of refractive index), the reflection is 100%, but in the immediate sub-critical angle zone, the reflection intensity is a very strong ascending function of incidence angle. By analyzing the angular position of that edge at each location in the field of view, the local refractive index can be estimated. In addition, by analyzing the steepness of the edge, the distance-to-substrate can be determined. We apply the technique to liquid calibration samples, silica beads, cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells, and primary culture chromaffin cells. The optical technique suffers from decremented lateral resolution, scattering, and interference artifacts. However, it still provides reasonable results for both refractive index (~1.38) and for distance-to-substrate (~150 nm) for the cells, as well as a lateral resolution to about 1µm.
PRC2 specifies ectoderm lineages and maintains pluripotency in primed but not naïve ESCs
Authors: Shan Yongli , Liang Zechuan , Xing Qi , Zhang Tian , Wang Bo , Tian Shulan , Huang Wenhao , Zhang Yanqi , Yao Jiao , Zhu Yanling , Huang Ke , Liu Yujian , Wang Xiaoshan , Chen Qianyu , Zhang Jian , Shang Bizhi , Li Shengbiao , Shi Xi , Liao Baojian , Zhang Cong , Lai Keyu , Zhong Xiaofen , Shu Xiaodong , Wang Jinyong , Yao Hongjie , Chen Jiekai , Pei Duanqing , Pan Guangjin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPolycomb repressive complex 2 and the epigenetic mark that it deposits, H3K27me3, are evolutionarily conserved and play critical roles in development and cancer. However, their roles in cell fate decisions in early embryonic development remain poorly understood. Here we report that knockout of polycomb repressive complex 2 genes in human embryonic stem cells causes pluripotency loss and spontaneous differentiation toward a meso-endoderm fate, owing to de-repression of BMP signalling. Moreover, human embryonic stem cells with deletion of EZH1 or EZH2 fail to differentiate into ectoderm lineages. We further show that polycomb repressive complex 2-deficient mouse embryonic stem cells also release Bmp4 but retain their pluripotency. However, when converted into a primed state, they undergo spontaneous differentiation similar to that of hESCs. In contrast, polycomb repressive complex 2 is dispensable for pluripotency when human embryonic stem cells are converted into the naive state. Our studies reveal both lineage- and pluripotent state-specific roles of polycomb repressive complex 2 in cell fate decisions.
Tuning magnetoresistance in molybdenum disulphide and graphene using a molecular spin transition
Authors: Datta Subhadeep , Cai Yongqing , Yudhistira Indra , Zeng Zebing , Zhang Yong-Wei , Zhang Han , Adam Shaffique , Wu Jishan , Loh Kian Ping 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCoupling spins of molecular magnets to two-dimensional (2D) materials provides a framework to manipulate the magneto-conductance of 2D materials. However, with most molecules, the spin coupling is usually weak and devices fabricated from these require operation at low temperatures, which prevents practical applications. Here, we demonstrate field-effect transistors based on the coupling of a magnetic molecule quinoidal dithienyl perylenequinodimethane (QDTP) to 2D materials. Uniquely, QDTP switches from a spin-singlet state at low temperature to a spin-triplet state above 370 K, and the spin transition can be electrically transduced by both graphene and molybdenum disulphide. Graphene-QDTP shows hole-doping and a large positive magnetoresistance ( ~ 50%), while molybdenum disulphide-QDTP demonstrates electron-doping and a switch to large negative magnetoresistance ( ~ 100%) above the magnetic transition. Our work shows the promise of spin detection at high temperature by coupling 2D materials and molecular magnets.