bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Unit Design on Acute Care Nurses’ Walking Distances, Energy Expenditure, and Job Satisfaction: A Pre–Post Relocation Study
Authors: Copeland Darcy , Chambers Misty 
Published: November 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine what differences occurred in steps taken and energy expenditure among acute care nurses when their work environment moved from a hospital with centralized nurses’ stations to a hospital with decentralized nurses’ stations. Additional goals were to determine design features nurses perceived as contributing to or deterring from their work activities and what changes occurred in reported job satisfaction. Since design features can also affect patient outcomes, patient falls were monitored. Background: The construction of a replacement facility for a 224-bed Level 1 trauma center provided the opportunity to compare the effects of centralized versus decentralized nurses’ stations on nurses’ experiences of their work environments. Method: A pre–post quasi-experimental design was used. RN participants completed an open-ended questionnaire and recorded pedometer data at the end of each shift, working for 3-month pre-relocation and for 3-month post-relocation. Nine months passed between the move and post-relocation data collection. Results: There were significant reductions in nurses’ energy expenditure ( p < .001) and steps taken ( p = .041) post-relocation. Overall, nurses’ job satisfaction was high and improved post-relocation, and patient falls decreased by 55%. Conclusions: Post-relocation, a number of the dissatisfiers associated with the physical environment were eliminated, and nurses identified more satisfiers (in general and related to the physical environment). Patients are safer post-relocation as indicated by a decrease in falls. This decrease is even more noteworthy when considering that the numbers of patient beds on each unit is higher post-relocation.
Early discharge planning in preterm low birth weight babies: A quality improvement project
Authors: Anand Amudha Jayanthi , Chua Mei Chien , Khoo Siok Hong , Yuen Poh Leng , Fong Mary Choi Wan , Goh Annie , Agarwal Pratibha 
Published: November 2016

Introduction: Extended hospitalization of low birth weight infants increases risk of medical and psychosocial complications. Our aim was to reduce the length of hospitalization and assess safety and cost savings of discharging infants at a weight of 1900 g instead of 2000 g, as has been the practice. Methods: This is a single-centre, nurse led quality improvement project done at a tertiary neonatal unit in Singapore with primary outcome of reducing average length of stay in selected low birth weight infants. In phase 1, infants with birth weight between 1000 and 1700 g were discharged at 1900 g, provided they met the discharge criteria. Interventions were introduced in phase 2 after interim analysis for the two most common causes for delayed discharge: poor bottling skills and waiting time for scheduled herniotomy. Results: In phase 1, the mean hospitalization stay was reduced by 5.5 days, with 21% of the babies discharged at 1900 g. The safety of the intervention was assessed by rehospitalization rates, and found to be negligible. Interventions introduced in phase 2 to address the two major causes of delayed discharge did not improve the outcome. The estimated cost savings for each subsidized patient after implementation of the interventions was S$340–1100 over the two phases. Conclusion: Though only 21% of eligible infants could be discharged early, the study helped us identify key areas of intervention to facilitate early discharge of preterm infants. These included improving babies’ sucking skills, planning for early surgery, and providing adequate parental training. Safety and cost savings appear to be promising as well.
Perspectives of Singaporean patients and caregivers towards quality of life or quantity of life with disease-modifying treatment in the end-of-life setting
Authors: Sng David , Lee Liang Qi , Tay Keson , Lee Rachel Jiayu , Puvanendran Rukshini , Radha Krishna Lalit Kumar 
Published: November 2016

Background: Healthcare providers often struggle to balance the sometimes competing considerations of maximizing quality of life (QoL) and quantity of life with disease-modifying treatment (DMT). These decisions require in-depth dialog between all parties in order to understand the concerns and perspectives of the patient and caregiver in this period. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to explore Singaporean patients’ and caregivers’ attitudes towards QoL and DMT, and to examine the reasons behind their beliefs. Methods: Participants were given a video vignette of a family discussing how best to care for their mother who is recently diagnosed with cancer and were interviewed regarding their thoughts on QoL and DMT for a 70-year-old patient with stage IV metastatic cancer. Subjects/Setting: A total of 21 patients and caregivers were recruited from a tertiary oncology centre. Results: Both patients and caregivers show little support for pursuing QoL, despite the likely compromise to the patients’ QoL. These participants believed that not pursuing DMT was tantamount to giving up and accepting death. Whilst patients did accept that in some circumstances a QoL approach would be acceptable, caregivers remained adamant upon a DMT approach. The perspectives of caregivers reflected the influence of the Confucian-inspired practice of filial piety. Conclusion: Local sociocultural beliefs and values continue to play a significant consideration in end-of-life decision-making. However, compliance with these beliefs have evolved, with greater consideration given to clinical and QoL factors.
Anti-enteroviral triple combination of viral replication inhibitors: activity against coxsackievirus B1 neuroinfection in mice
Authors: Stoyanova Adelina , Nikolova Ivanka , Pürstinger Gerhard , Dobrikov Georgi , Dimitrov Vladimir , Philipov Stefan , Galabov Angel S 
Published: November 2016

Background Chemotherapy is an important tool for controlling enterovirus infections, but clinically effective anti-enterovirus drugs do not currently exist, mainly due to the development of drug resistance. We investigated the combination effects of enterovirus replication inhibitors in order to limit this process. In previous studies, we showed the efficacy of consecutive alternating administration of the triple combinations disoxaril/guanidine/oxoglaucine and pleconaril/guanidine/oxoglaucine against coxsackievirus B1 infection in newborn mice. Drug sensitivity tests of the viral brain isolates showed that these drug combinations prevented the development of drug resistance. Methods In the current study, we replaced guanidine-HCl with enteroviral RNA synthesis inhibitor MDL-860 to test the effect of a new triple combination—pleconaril/MDL-860/oxoglaucine—applied via consecutive alternating administration in newborn mice infected subcutaneously with 20 MLD50 of coxsackievirus B1. Results The pleconaril/MDL-860/oxoglaucine combination via consecutive alternating administration showed high activity at the 75 mg/kg MDL-860 dose: a protective effect of 50% and a pronounced suppression of brain virus titers. Moreover, along with prevention of drug resistance, a phenomenon of increased drug sensitivity was established. MDL-860 sensitivity in pleconaril/MDL-860/oxoglaucine increased 8.2 times vs. placebo (29 times vs. monotherapy) on day 7 and oxoglaucine sensitivity—4.9 times vs. placebo (by 6.8 times vs. monotherapy) on day 13. As concerns pleconaril, a demonstrable prevention of drug resistance was registered without increase of drug sensitivity. Daily, simultaneous administration of pleconaril/MDL-860/oxoglaucine showed no protective effects and led to a rapid development of drug resistance. Conclusions These results add new support for using consecutive alternating administration treatment courses to achieve clinically effective chemotherapy of enterovirus infections.
Novel symmetrical phenylenediamines as potential anti-hepatitis C virus agents
Authors: Bassetto Marcella , Ferla Salvatore , Leyssen Pieter , Neyts Johan , Yerukhimovich Mark M , Frick David N , O’Donnell Rachel , Brancale Andrea 
Published: November 2016

Background Despite the great progress made in the last 10 years, alternative strategies might help improving definitive treatment options against hepatitis C virus infection. Methods With the aim of identifying novel inhibitors of the hepatitis C virus-1b replication targeting the viral NS3 helicase, the structures of previously reported symmetrical inhibitors of this enzyme were rationally modified, and according to docking-based studies, four novel scaffolds were selected for synthesis and evaluation in the hepatitis C virus-1b subgenomic replicon assay. Results Among the newly designed compounds, one new structural family was found to inhibit the hepatitis C virus-1b replication in the micromolar range. This scaffold was chosen for further exploration and different novel analogues were synthesised and evaluated. Conclusions Different new inhibitors of the hepatitis C virus genotype 1b replication were identified. Some of the new compounds show mild inhibition of the NS3 helicase enzyme.
The majority of hepatitis C patients treated with direct acting antivirals are at risk for relevant drug‐drug interactions
Authors: Smolders Elise J , Berden Floor AC , de Kanter Clara TMM , Kievit Wietske , Drenth Joost PH , Burger David M 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundDirect‐acting antivirals have improved treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection significantly. Direct‐acting antivirals inhibit/induce and can also be substrates of drug‐metabolising enzymes and transporters. This increases the risk for drug‐drug interactions.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to predict drug‐drug interactions with co‐medication used by hepatitis C virus‐infected patients.MethodsWe assembled a nationwide cohort of hepatitis C patients and collected cross‐sectional data on co‐medication use. We compiled a list of currently available direct‐acting antiviral regimens and cross‐checked for potential drug‐drug interactions with used co‐medication.ResultsThe cohort included 461 patients of which 77% used co‐medication. We identified 260 drugs used as co‐medication. Antidepressants (7.4%), proton pump inhibitors (7.1%) and benzodiazepines (7.1%) were most frequently used. Of the patients, 60% were at risk for a clinically relevant drug‐drug interaction with at least one of the direct‐acting antiviral regimens. Interactions were most common with paritaprevir/ritonavir/ombitasvir/dasabuvir and least interactions were predicted with grazoprevir/elbasvir.ConclusionCo‐medication use is rich in frequency and diversity in chronic hepatitis C patients. The majority of patients are at risk for drug‐drug interactions which may affect efficacy or toxicity of direct‐acting antivirals or co‐medication. The most recently introduced direct‐acting antivirals are associated with a lower risk of drug‐drug interactions.
p53 −/− synergizes with enhanced NrasG12D signaling to transform megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Zhang Jingfang , Kong Guangyao , Rajagopalan Adhithi , Lu Li , Song Jingming , Hussaini Mohamed , Zhang Xinmin , Ranheim Erik A. , Liu Yangang , Wang Jinyong , Gao Xin , Chang Yuan-I , Johnson Kirby D. , Zhou Yun , Yang David , Bhatnagar Bhavana , Lucas David M. , Bresnick Emery H. , Zhong Xuehua , Padron Eric , Zhang Jing 
Published: November 2016

Key PointsConcurrent RAS pathway and TP53 mutations predict a dismal outcome in human AML. p53 −/− synergizes with enhanced oncogenic Nras signaling to transform MEPs to AML-initiating cells.
A novel framework for cross-spectral iris matching
Authors: Abdullah Mohammed A. M. , Dlay Satnam S. , Woo Wai L. , Chambers Jonathon A. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Previous work on iris recognition focused on either visible light (VL), near-infrared (NIR) imaging, or their fusion. However, limited numbers of works have investigated cross-spectral matching or compared the iris biometric performance under both VL and NIR spectrum using unregistered iris images taken from the same subject. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that proposes a framework for cross-spectral iris matching using unregistered iris images. To this end, three descriptors are proposed namely, Gabor-difference of Gaussian (G-DoG), Gabor-binarized statistical image feature (G-BSIF), and Gabor-multi-scale Weberface (G-MSW) to achieve robust cross-spectral iris matching. In addition, we explore the differences in iris recognition performance across the VL and NIR spectra. The experiments are carried out on the UTIRIS database which contains iris images acquired with both VL and NIR spectra for the same subject. Experimental and comparison results demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves state-of-the-art cross-spectral matching. In addition, the results indicate that the VL and NIR images provide complementary features for the iris pattern and their fusion improves notably the recognition performance.
TheCoprinopsis cinereaTup1 homologue Cag1 is required for gill formation during fruiting body morphogenesis
Authors: Masuda Ryo , Iguchi Naoki , Tukuta Kooki , Nagoshi Takahiro , Kemuriyama Kazuki , Muraguchi Hajime 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTThe pileus (cap) of the fruiting body in homobasidiomycete fungi bears the hymenium, a layer of cells that includes the basidia where nuclear fusion, meiosis and sporulation occur. Coprinopsis cinerea is a model system for studying fruiting body development. The hymenium of C. cinerea forms at the surface of the gills in the pileus. In a previous study, we identified a mutation called cap-growthless1-1 (cag1-1) that blocks gill formation, which yields primordia that never mature. In this study, we found that the cag1 gene encodes a homologue of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Tup1. The C. cinerea genome contains another Tup1 homologue gene called Cc.tupA. Reciprocal tagging of Cag1 and Cc.TupA with green and red fluorescent proteins revealed that the relative ratios of the amounts of the two Tup1 paralogues varied among tissues. Compared with Cc.TupA, Cag1 was preferentially expressed in the gill trama tissue cells, suggesting that the function of Cag1 is required for gill trama tissue differentiation and maintenance. Yeast two-hybrid analysis and co-localisation of Cag1 and Cc.TupA suggested that Cag1 interacts with Cc.TupA in the nuclei of certain cells.
Anti–Cardiac Troponin Autoantibodies Are Specific to the Conformational Epitopes Formed by Cardiac Troponin I and Troponin T in the Ternary Troponin Complex
Authors: Vylegzhanina Alexandra V , Kogan Alexander E , Katrukha Ivan A , Antipova Olga V , Kara Andrey N , Bereznikova Anastasia V , Koshkina Ekaterina V , Katrukha Alexey G 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Autoantibodies to cardiac troponins (TnAAbs) could negatively affect cardiac troponin I (cTnI) measurements by TnAAbs-sensitive immunoassays. We investigated the epitope specificity of TnAAbs and its influence on cTnI immunodetection in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

METHODS
The specificity of TnAAbs was studied in immunoassays and gel-filtration experiments. The influence of TnAAbs on endogenous troponin measurements was studied in 35 plasma samples from 15 patients with AMI.

RESULTS
The inhibitory effect of TnAAbs on the cTnI immunodetection was observed only for the ternary cardiac troponin complex (I–T–C) and not for the binary cardiac troponin complex (I–C) or free cTnI. In the same TnAAbs-containing samples, the immunodetection of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) added in the form of I–T–C (but not free cTnT) was also inhibited in the assays that used monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific to the 223–242 epitope. The negative effects of TnAAbs on the measurements of endogenous cTnI in AMI samples were less than on the measurements of isolated I–T–C and decreased with time after the onset of symptoms. Early AMI blood samples might contain a mixture of the I–T–C and I–C complexes with the ratio gradually changing with the progression of the disease in favor of I–C.

CONCLUSIONS
The investigated TnAAbs are specific to the structural epitopes formed by cTnI and cTnT molecules in the I–T–C complex. AMI blood samples contain a mixture of I–C and I–T–C complexes. The concentrations of total cTnI at the early stage of AMI could be underestimated in approximately 5%–10% of patients if measured by TnAAbs-sensitive immunoassays.
Art and fashion
Authors: Collins Vishna 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Straddling the boundaries between art and fashion, a group of young avant guard Australian fashion designers burst onto the scene in the 1970s – 1980s with a blur and blaze of spectacular colours, reflecting the spirit and vibrancy of Australia. Their dazzling brightly coloured one-of-a-kind art clothes captured Australia’s exuberance, its vitality and its pioneering spirit; a larrikin kind of quality that is so often inherent in the Australian character. The notion of fashion as art can be attributed to this group of visionaries who explored the broader aesthetics and expressive qualities associated with the visual arts and created a new language of fashion. Rather than following fashion trends, they consciously rejected mainstream norms, and created distinctive Australian art clothes and raised craft to the status of the fine arts. The paper examines the creative work of Australian designers Jenny Kee, Linda Jackson, Katie Pye and Jenny Bannister who created a unique vision of Australian dress that become part of Australian fashion history.
Book Reviews
Authors: Conomos John , Hine Miranda , Smith Natalie , North Stella , Findlay Rosie 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
MISE EN SCÈNE AND FILM STYLE, ADRIAN MARTIN (2014) London and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, illus., paperback ISBN: 1349444170, 235 pp., £19
EPHEMERAL TRACES: BRISBANE’S ARTIST-RUN SCENE IN THE 1980s, UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND ART MUSEUM, BRISBANE, 2 APRIL 2016–26 JUNE 2016
MARGARITA ROBERTSON: 3.33.12, DUNEDIN PUBLIC ART GALLERY, DUNEDIN, NEW ZEALAND, 18 MARCH–17 APRIL 2016 Curated by Tim Pollock, Commercial Development Manager, Dunedin Public Art Gallery; Margarita Robertson, Creative Director, NOM*d
SKIN, SPACE, TRACE: REVIEW OF COLLETTE DINNIGAN: UNLACED, MUSEUM OF APPLIED ARTS AND SCIENCES, SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA, 5 SEPTEMBER 2015–28 AUGUST 2016
STRANGE AND FAMILIAR: BRITAIN AS REVEALED BY INTERNATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHERS, CURATED BY MARTIN PARR, BARBICAN CENTRE, LONDON, 16 MARCH 2016–19 JUNE 2016
Reviews Film
Authors: Bennett John , Archer Sam , Nalbantoglu Karsu , Bye Joseph 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The Lobster (2015) Ireland/UK/Greece/France/Netherlands/USA Director Yorgos Lanthimos Runtime 118 minutes
American Psycho (2000) USA Director Mary Harron Runtime 98 minutes
Whiplash (2014) United States Director Damian Chazelle Runtime 106 mins
The Babadook (2014) Australia Director Jennifer Kent Runtime 93 minutes
Reviews Film
Authors: Plantamura Lydia , Saller Chance , Anundson Abigail , Merchant Travis Richard 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance) (2014) USA
Director Alejandro González Iñárritu Runtime 119 minutes
The Truly Transformative Tale of Kevin Smith
Tusk (2014) USA Director Kevin Smith Runtime 104 minutes
Gone Girl (2014) United States Director David Fincher Runtime 149 minutes
Force Majeure: A Dramatic, Humorous Dissection of Family
Force Majeure (2014) Sweden Director Ruben Östlund Runtime 119 minutes
Deictic transformers: Phenomenological analyses of time-shifts in video art installations
Authors: Ivanova Nevena 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This article seeks to define a phenomenon in video installations that emerged during the 1990s. It is a type of audio-visual architecture that I call deictic transformer. Deictic transformers are not representations, they are events that trigger a specific type of effect, namely, a shift in time-consciousness, which is characterized as total engagement with the present moment in its impermanence, non-substantiality and self-differentiation. The article unfolds in the form of experiment. As a first step, phenomenological accounts of Christian icons are compared to phenomenological readings of Bill Viola’s ultra slow-motion video art installations. The reader is guided to experience how different media (religious paintings, video) generate different engagements with the present moment. The main subject of this article is ‘the now’. The article suggests that there are various ways of engaging with ‘the now’ and these ways trigger specific shifts in present-time consciousness. These shifts are closely related to the formation of subjectivity and thus demonstrate that temporality is not a given, but could be seen as a technology of the self. Christian icons are representative of a metaphysical approach to the present moment, predominant in the arts and philosophy of the western tradition before the twentieth century. Bill Viola’s video installations The Greeting (1995) and The Passions series (2000–2001) represent a new sensitivity towards time brought by electronic media. The dualist experience of time that is deeply embedded in the Christian tradition is recomposed via video and digital manipulation into a dynamically holistic temporality. The second step addresses other video-based examples of deictic transformers such as Gary Hill’s Viewer (1996) and David Claerbout’s Rocking Chair (2003). The third step examines the aesthetic strategies of these video installations and formulates a definition of their modus operandi. This article does not claim that deictic transformers represent the mainstream of video art installations. Deictic transformers, however, are seen as a growing tendency in new media art praxis that demands intensive engagement with the emerging dynamic of embodied presencing; a tendency that is relatively unprecedented in western culture, and that could be considered an (in)direct result of the technological capacities of video and digital media. In other words, the analyses of Viola, Hill, and Claerbout’s audiovisual experiments demonstrate that video and digital technologies of late twentieth century shift our perception of time from attempts to escape everyday impermanence and the search for permanent metaphysical presence towards an entanglement with the non-substantiality of presencing.
Reading the morphology of Ben Rivers’s chemical landscapes
Authors: Tarrant Patrick 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This article examines the discursive and aesthetic functions of the abstract material artefacts that emerge from Ben Rivers’s hand processing of his 16mm films, focusing on the various ways these abstract forms interact with photographic images to produce a compound and plastic textuality. Drawing upon Jean-François Lyotard’s theorization of the figural, which seeks to explain the relationship between a text and its own material image, it examines the oscillation between two registers of filmic discourse in Two Years At Sea (2011) and its short predecessor, This Is My Land (2006). In these films, images of people and landscape merge with textures and shapes that arise from hand processing to create newly thickened worlds upon a chemical landscape.