bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Arrangement of Two N-Heterocyclic Carbene Moieties in Palladium Pincer Complexes Affects Their Catalytic Activity towards Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reactions in Water
Authors: Imanaka Yosuke , Shiomoto Naotoshi , Tamaki Mako , Maeda Yuri , Nakajima Hiroshi , Nishioka Takanori 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Palladium complexes with pincer ligands containing one pyridine and two N-heterocyclic carbene units with acetyl-protected d-glucopyranosyl groups in C-C-N and C-N-C arrangements were synthesized. The complexes form diastereomers due to the twisted pincer ligands and chiral d-glucopyranosyl units. The diastereomers of the C-C-N complex are in equilibrium in solution, whereas only one of the diastereomers of the C-N-C complex forms kinetically. Deprotection of the acetyl groups in the ligands afforded water-soluble complexes with one of the hydroxide groups in the d-glucopyranosyl groups coordinated to the metal ion. In CD3OD, the deprotected complex with the C-N-C ligand gradually decomposed, whereas that with the C-C-N ligand was stable at room temperature. The complexes catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions in water with turnover numbers of 75,000 for the C-C-N and 8,900 for C-N-C complexes. The C-C-N complex was not deactivated by the addition of metallic Hg meaning that the active species is the complex itself or its derivatives having the pincer ligand. On the other hand, the C-N-C complex exhibited no catalytic activity for the coupling reaction in the presence of metallic Hg, meaning that the active species are heterogeneous catalysts, such as Pd nanoparticles.
The refined biomimetic NeuroDigm GEL™ Model of neuropathic pain in the mature rat
Authors: Hannaman Mary R. , Fitts Douglas A. , Doss Rose M. , Weinstein David E. , Bryant Joseph L. 
Published: October 2016

Background:Many humans suffering with chronic pain have no clinical evidence of a lesion or disease. They are managed with a morass of drugs and invasive procedures. Opiates usually become less effective over time. In many, their persistent pain occurs after the healing of a soft tissue injury. Current animal models of neuropathic pain typically create direct neural damage with open surgeries using ligatures, neurectomies, chemicals or other forms of deliberate trauma. However, we have observed clinically that after an injury in humans, the naturally occurring process of tissue repair can cause chronic neural pain.Methods:We demonstrate how the refined biomimetic NeuroDigm GEL™ Model, in the mature male rat, gradually induces neuropathic pain behavior with a nonsurgical percutaneous implant of tissue-derived hydrogel in the musculo-fascial tunnel of the distal tibial nerve. Morphine, Celecoxib, Gabapentin and Duloxetine were each screened in the model three times each over 5 months after pain behaviors developed. A pilot study followed in which recombinant human erythropoietin was applied to the GEL neural procedure site.Results:The GEL Model gradually developed neuropathic pain behavior lasting months. Morphine, initially effective, had less analgesia over time. Celecoxib produced no analgesia, while gabapentin and duloxetine at low doses had profound analgesia at all times tested. The injected erythropoietin markedly decreased bilateral pain behavior that had been present for over 4 months. Histology revealed a site of focal neural remodeling, with neural regeneration, as in human biopsies.Conclusion:The refined NeuroDigm GEL™ Model induces localized neural remodeling resulting in robust neuropathic pain behavior. The analgesics responses in this model reflect known responses of humans with neuropathic pain. The targeted recombinant human erythropoietin appears to heal the ectopic focal neural site, as demonstrated by the extinguishing of neuropathic pain behavior present for over 4 months.
Efficient Algorithms for the Dynamic Pricing Problem with Reference Price Effect
Authors: Chen Xin , Hu Peng , Hu Zhenyu 
Published: October 2016

We analyze a finite-horizon dynamic pricing model in which demand at each period depends on not only the current price but also past prices through reference prices. A unique feature but also a significant challenge in this model is the asymmetry in reference price effect, which implies that the underlying optimization problem is nonsmooth and no standard optimization methods can be applied. We identify a few key structural properties of the problem, which enable us to develop strongly polynomial-time algorithms to compute the optimal prices for several plausible scenarios. We complement our exact algorithms by proposing an approximation heuristic and provide an upper bound on the optimal objective value. Finally, we conduct numerical experiments to study the optimal price path and demonstrate the value of dynamic pricing when demands are seasonal. We further compare numerically one of the exact algorithms with the heuristic and offer managerial suggestions. This paper was accepted by Yinyu Ye, optimization.
Egregiousness and Boycott Intensity: Evidence from the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
Authors: Wang Zhongmin , Lee Alvin , Polonsky Michael 
Published: October 2016

Consumer boycotts are triggered by egregious events, but the literature has not distinguished the level of egregiousness from consumers’ preferences or disutility associated with a given level of egregiousness, nor has the literature studied how these two components of egregiousness affect boycott intensity. We provide a model of market-level boycotts that distinguishes the two egregiousness components. Consistent with the predictions of our model, the market-level intensity of consumer boycotting of BP-branded gasoline, which was triggered by the BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill, increased with the spill’s egregiousness level, approximated by the officially reported daily amount of oil leaked into the ocean and by other measures (i.e., the duration of the spill and the intensity of media coverage), and with consumers’ disutility from egregiousness, approximated by an area’s environmentalism and its proximity to the Gulf of Mexico. This paper was accepted by J. Miguel Villas-Boas, marketing.
Time, Eternity, and the Prospects for Care. An Essay in Honor of Jürgen Moltmann’s 90th Birthday
Authors: Volf Miroslav 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The eternal God is not merely an illusion, as traditional atheism claims; God is an undesirable illusion, in fact, an illusion which is, on closer inspection, impossible to desire. This, roughly, is the thesis of Martin Hägglund’s »radical atheism,« one of whose primary claims is the essential temporality of all human desire. To see eternity and absolute fullness as the ultimate goal is to desire nothingness, he argues; this desire as such (and not just its practical outworking) entails denial of care for and joy in ordinary life. This essay is a critical dialogue with Hägglund, a friendly dispute about time and eternity as they bear on the possibilities of care and joy.
Gibt es eine konfuzianische Zivilität?
Authors: Liang Hong 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The article discusses the concept of a Confucian religion, which Jiang Qing - one of today’s most famous and controversial Confucians - advances against the rapid growth of Christianity in China. More specifically, the article analyses the movement of Confucian Child Education, which has been initiated through the Yidan School in Beijing since 2000 and the Qufu Church Controversy from 2010. An analysis of those two cases allows us to understand Jiang Qing’s self-understanding of the competitive relationship between Confucianism and Christianity, and explains how he thinks Confucianism can turn from a state ideology into a civil society movement.
Die Krise des Schriftprinzips als Krise der theologischen Enzyklopädie
Authors: Oorschot Frederike van 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
For decades the scriptural orientation of Protestant theology so constitutive for the denomination has been discussed as a phenomenon of crisis of fundamental theology under the heading »crisis of the scriptural principle.« While three different strategies to address the matter may be distinguished, the encyclopedic dimension of the »crisis of the scriptural principle«, which becomes manifest in the relationship between exegesis and systematic theology, has received less attention: This historically grown tension results not only in non-related discourses about »Scripture(s)« and hence the lack of a complex theological concept of Scripture, but also in a missing encyclopedically accountable scriptural orientation of theology. An interdisciplinary theory of Protestant scriptural liability is to encounter these shortcomings.
Development of Real Time Implementation of 5/5 Rule based Fuzzy Logic Controller Shunt Active Power Filter for Power Quality Improvement
Authors: Puhan Pratap Sekhar , Ray Pravat Kumar , Panda Gayadhar 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This paper presents the effectiveness of 5/5 Fuzzy rule implementation in Fuzzy Logic Controller conjunction with indirect control technique to enhance the power quality in single phase system, An indirect current controller in conjunction with Fuzzy Logic Controller is applied to the proposed shunt active power filter to estimate the peak reference current and capacitor voltage. Current Controller based pulse width modulation (CCPWM) is used to generate the switching signals of voltage source inverter. Various simulation results are presented to verify the good behaviour of the Shunt active Power Filter (SAPF) with proposed two levels Hysteresis Current Controller (HCC). For verification of Shunt Active Power Filter in real time, the proposed control algorithm has been implemented in laboratory developed setup in dSPACE platform.
Consistency of data presented on modern maps of ice cover in the Arctic
Authors: Pastusiak Tadeusz 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Information about the condition of ice cover on surface of the water, which are the content of map, are important for carrying out safe navigation and efficient economic activity in the polar regions. Methods of mapping can be fully automated on the basis of developed through years of experience algorithms or additionally supported by experienced professionals. The content of some of those now commonly encountered maps is compiled on the basis of mixed methods. In this work geographic positions of ice maps content are analyzed taking into consideration their usefulness for planning ship’s voyage in ice. The results of this work allow using the contents of studied maps for determining the ship’s route in ice and voyage planning of the ship in ice according to her hull strengthening.
The ice maps often have boundary lines for different values of reference. The maximum width of the strips of each boundary line within the Marginal Ice Zone is 100 km. The mean square error of position of the analyzed maps is +/− 2.0 km. Average locations of boundaries are consistent except for GRIB type maps of the OSI SAF and NIS, which seem to indicate much lower value of ice floe concentration. The NIC MIZ maps and S-411 standard maps are consistent for the 13% and 81% concentration. The 40% limits on MASIE maps and 46% limits of concentration on S-411 standard maps are also consistent. The course of ice edge issued by the NIS for the GMDSS METAREA, 19 region visualizes well the boundaries of the area where the ship might encounter any form of ice. Information of the GMDSS METAREA 20 region issued by the AARI represents the average of the limits 1 to 46% of all sources of information, and on average the 13% limit of ice concentration. The one-year old ice limit with thickness of 0.10 to 0.30 meters on the AARI map is consistent with course and average location of boundaries of 81% ice concentration on the NIC MIZ map and S-411 standard map. The multi-year old ice limit of thickness from 0.30 to 2.00 meters on the AARI map is coincident with the 79% limit of concentration displayed on the NIS map.
Obtaining the partially acidulated phosphate rocks by means of intermediate-grade phosphate and diluted phosphoric acid: Influence of some parameters
Authors: Mizane Abbes , Boumerah Ahmed , Dadda Noureddine , Rehamnia Rabah , Belhait Salah 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In this work, some parameters during the partial acidulation by phosphoric acid of phosphate 53.75% BPL (bone phosphate of lime) having different particle sizes are determined. P2O5 recovery is obtained by performing a series of reactions using phosphoric acid diluted from 10 to 40 wt.% and with reaction times ranging from 10 to 50 minutes. The best conversion rates are obtained with the following reaction parameters: phosphates size: 88-177 μm, reaction time: 50 minutes and phosphoric acid concentration: 40 wt.%. In the second part, the water-soluble P2O5 of PAPRs (Partially Acidulated Phosphate Rocks) obtained with phosphoric acid 30% and 40 wt.% is measured. The results of experiments showed that the water-soluble P2O5 has reached 15.2% for PAPRs obtained by reacting phosphate 88 μm with phosphoric acid 40 wt%.
Parametric optimization of rice bran oil extraction using response surface methodology
Authors: Ahmad Syed W. , Javed Farhan , Ahmad Sajjad , Akram Muhammad , Rehman Abdur 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Use of bran oil in various edible and nonedible industries is very common. In this research work, efficient and optimized methodology for the recovery of rice bran oil has been investigated. The present statistical study includes parametric optimization, based on experimental results of rice bran oil extraction. In this study, three solvents, acetone, ethanol and solvent mixture (SM) [acetone: ethanol (1:1 v/v)] were employed in extraction investigations. Response surface methodology (RSM), an optimization technique, was exploited for this purpose. A five level central composite design (CCD) consisting four operating parameter, like temperature, stirring rate, solvent-bran ratio and contact time were examined to optimize rice bran oil extraction. Experimental results showed that oil recovery can be enhanced from 71% to 82% when temperature, solvent-bran ratio, stirring rate and contact time were kept at 55°C, 6:1, 180 rpm and 45 minutes, respectively while fixing the pH of the mixture at 7.1.
Numerical test on polystyrene tunnel seismic-isolation material
Authors: He Jianping , Chen Weizhong , Zhao Wusheng , Huang Sheng , Yao Yunlong 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Stress-strain mechanical properties of polystyrene foam plastic material were tested under different loading conditions. An empirical constitutive model for describing metal materials was proposed for the polystyrene plastic foam. The static and dynamic tests results show that the ductility and watertightness of the polystyrene plastic foam are significantly improved. At the same time, in order to check its seismic-isolation property, the high-performance foam concrete as filling materials of Galongla tunnel in Tibet was simulated by FEM. The simulated results show that the polystyrene plastic foam can remarkably decrease the stress and the plastic zone in final lining, so it can effectively reduce the seismic damage of the tunnel. Considering the seismic-isolation property and low price of polystyrene plastic foam, it is a good reference for the anti-seismic design of tunnels in high intensity zones.
Enzymatic synthesis and characterization of polycaprolactone by using immobilized lipase onto a surface-modified renewable carrier
Authors: Ulker Cansu , Gokalp Nurefsan , Guvenilir Yuksel 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In the present study, rice husk ash, which is a renewable and abundant material, was utilized as a carrier for lipase immobilization for the first time. Poly (ε-caprolactone) synthesis was successfully achieved by the new enzymatic catalyst: Candida antarctica lipase B immobilized onto surface-modified rice husk ashes by covalent binding. It was aimed to obtain optimum polymerization conditions at which highest molecular weight was reached and characterize the polymer produced. Moreover, thermal stability and effectiveness of the new biocatalyst in non-aqueous media were also shown with successful polymerization reactions. In addition, by using the new enzyme preparation, ε-caprolactone was able to be polymerized even at 30°C, which was promising for an energy saving process. Consequently, this work provides a new alternative route for poly (ε-caprolactone) synthesis.
Technical efficiency of FDI firms in the Vietnamese manufacturing sector
Authors: Vu Hoang Duong 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The study examines technical efficiency of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) firms in the Vietnamese manufacturing sector by applying stochastic production frontier model and making use of cross-sectional data in the period 2009-2013. The average level of technical efficiency of FDI firms is about 60% and it is higher than that of domestic firms (including private firms and state-owned firms). In addition, the study also analyses correlation between technical efficiency of FDI firms and other factors. It finds that there are positive correlations between FDI technical efficiency and net revenue per labour, firm’s age or export activities in 2013. However, the study is unable to find evidence of a relationship between FDI technical efficiency and infrastructure or firm’s investment activities.
High-Speed Rail for Central and Eastern European Countries: A Conference Report
Authors: Jandová Monika , Tomeš Zdeněk , Nash Chris 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The European transport strategy promotes the role of railways and expects that the key role in passenger transport should be played by high-speed rail (HSR). Although the core network of high-speed lines has already been built and is operating in Western Europe, there has been little coverage so far in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). The aim of the conference “High-Speed Rail for CEE Countries” that took place in Prague in June 2016 was to put together academics, policy-makers, and practitioners interested in HSR and to formulate recommendations for CEE countries based on West European countries’ experience. Based on the conference presentations and subsequent discussion, the following conclusions were formulated. Firstly, there are many crucial differences in national HSR build-up and operation, which means that former experience of Western Europe is not directly applicable to CEE countries. Secondly, in comparing presentations discussing experiences in France, Britain, Italy, and Germany, it was concluded that the German approach-upgrading existing lines where possible and only building new lines for bottleneck sections-was the most likely appropriate solution in CEE. Lastly, CEE has the additional problem of many border crossings, with a reduction of traffic in comparison with purely domestic routes, and this effect has to be taken into account.
Preparation regimen is more important than patient-related factors: a randomized trial comparing a standard bowel preparation before colonoscopy with an individualized approach
Authors: Voiosu T. , Tanţău Alina , Voiosu A. , Benguş Andreea , Mocanu Cristina , Smarandache Bianca , Baicuş C. , Vişovan Ioana , Mateescu B. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Background. Optimal bowel preparation is one of the most important factors affecting the quality of colonoscopy. Several patient-related factors are known to influence the quality of bowel cleansing but randomized trials in this area are lacking. We aimed to compare an individualized bowel prep strategy based on patient characteristics to a standard preparation regimen.

Material and Methods. We conducted an endoscopist-blinded multicenter randomized control-trial. The Boston Bowel Prep Score (BBPS) was used to assess quality of bowel preparation and a 10 point visual analogue scale to assess patient comfort during bowel prep. Patients were randomised to either the standard regimens of split-dose 4L polyethylene-glycol (group A), split-dose sodium picosulphate/magnesium citrate (group B) or to either of the two depending on their responses to a 3-item questionnaire (individualized preparation, group C).

Results. 185 patients were randomized during the study period and 143 patients were included in the final analysis. Patients in the individualized group had a median BBPS of 7 compared to a median of 6 in the standard group (p = 0.7). Also, there was no significant difference in patients’ comfort scores, irrespective of study group or laxative regimen. However, on multivariable analysis, a split-dose 4L polyethylene-glycol was an independent predictor for achieving a BBPS>6 (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.4-9.8), regardless of patient-related factors.

Conclusion. The choice of laxative seems to be more important than patient-related factors in predicting bowel cleansing. Comfort during bowel prep is not influenced by the type of strategy used.
Pneumatic Stabilization of Vehicles
Authors: Hurtečák J. , Volf J. , Novák V. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe paper deals with a new and original method of car stabilization – the pneumatic stabilization – as a support to the Electronic Stability Program (ESP) method used at the present. Properties of the currently used stabilization systems with their advantages and disadvantages are briefly summarized. Furthermore, a new pneumatic stabilization system based on the Action and Reaction Law using highly compressed air is proposed. Basic calculations and computing of the obtained reaction forces are presented to prove the functionality of the proposed pneumatic system and the results are subsequently discussed and evaluated.
Methoden zur in-line Untersuchung des Einflusses der Molmasse und Vorgeschichte von wandgleitenden Kunststoffschmelzen auf deren Strömungsprofil
Authors: Apostol Sylvia , Putz Veronika , Unger Thomas , Miethlinger Jürgen 
Published: October 2016

Zusammenfassung
Wandgleiten ist ein rheologisches Phänomen, das beim Fließen einiger Kunststoffschmelzen auftreten kann. Bei der
Extrusionsrheologie wird das Wandgleiten grundsätzlich in einer dem Extruder nachgeschalteten Düse untersucht. Im
gegebenen Fall wird Polylactidacid (PLA) auf einem gleichlaufenden Doppelschneckenextruder verarbeitet, wobei der Einfluss
von Feuchtigkeit, die Zugabe von Kettenverlängerer und die Variation verfahrenstechnischer Parameter auf das Wandgleiten
untersucht werden. PLA verhält sich hydrophil, das heißt es nimmt Luftfeuchtigkeit auf. Wird es vor der Verarbeitung nicht
getrocknet, reagieren Wassermoleküle während der erhöhten Verarbeitungstemperatur mit dem Polymer, ein Polymerabbau ist
die Folge. Kettenverlängerer sind Additive, welche in der Kunststoffverarbeitung eingesetzt werden können, um das
Molekulargewicht der Polymere anzuheben. Da Parameter wie Schneckendrehzahl, Schneckengeometrie und Feuchtigkeit die
Molmasse und -verteilung des Extrudats beeinflussen, wird diese anschließend mittels Gelpermeationschromatografie (GPC)
bestimmt, um so eine Aussage über den Zusammenhang von Wandgleiten und Molmasse zu erhalten. Für die Messung des
Wandgleitens kommt hier Pulsed-Wave-Sonografie zum Einsatz. Dabei handelt sich dabei um eine bildgebende Messung mittels
Ultraschall, welche es ermöglicht, das Strömungsprofil der Schmelze innerhalb einer hierfür entwickelten Düse zu
messen. Diese kann inline, während der Extrusion, erfolgen und ist damit sehr viel schneller und praktischer umzusetzen
als die klassische Extrusionsrheologie. Zusätzlich wird eine Verweilzeitbestimmung mittels Fluoreszenzspektroskopie
durchgeführt.