bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structures and Bonding Situation of Iron Complexes of Group‐13 Half‐Sandwich ECp* (E = B to Tl) Based on DFT Calculations
Authors: Nguyen Thi Ai Nhung , Huynh Thi Phuong Loan , Tran Thai Hoa , Pham Van Tat , Duong Tuan Quang , Dang Tan Hiep 
Published: April 2016

AbstractQuantum chemical calculations at the BP86 level with various basis sets (SVP, TZVPP, and TZ2P+) were carried out for the Fe(CO)4 of group‐13 half‐sandwich ECp* [Fe(CO)4‐ECp*] (Fe4‐E) (E = B to Tl). The chemical bonding of the Fe(CO)4‐ECp* bond was analyzed with charge‐ and energy decomposition methods. The calculated equilibrium structures of complexes Fe4‐E show that the ligands ECp* are bonded in an end‐on way to the fragment Fe(CO)4 in Fe4‐E with E = B to Ga. The compound Fe4‐In has a distorted end‐on ligand InCp*. In contrast, Fe4‐Tl has a side‐on bonded ligand TlCp*. The calculated bond dissociation energies (BDEs) suggest that the bond in the iron group‐13 half‐sandwich complexes Fe4‐E decreases from Fe4‐B to Fe4‐Tl. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis of the bonding situation reveals that the Fe(CO)4←ECp* donation in Fe4‐E comes from the σ lone‐pair orbital of ECp*. Bonding analysis indicates that the ligand ECp* in complexes are strong σ donors and the NOCV pairs of the bonding show small π‐back donation from the Fe(CO)4 to the ECp* ligands.
Multi‐temporal ecological analysis of Jeffrey pine beetle outbreak dynamics within the Lake Tahoe Basin
Authors: Egan Joel M. , Sloughter J. McLean , Cardoso Tamre , Trainor Patrick , Wu Ke , Safford Hugh , Fournier Dave 
Published: April 2016

AbstractFrom 1991 to 1996, Jeffrey pine beetles (Dendroctonus jeffreyi Hopkins) (JPB) caused tree mortality throughout the Lake Tahoe Basin during a severe drought. Census data were collected annually on 10,721 trees to assess patterns of JPB‐caused mortality. This represents the most extensive tree‐level, spatiotemporal dataset collected to‐date documenting bark beetle activity. Our study was an exploratory assessment of characteristics associated with the probability of successful JPB mass‐attack (PJPB) and group aggregation behavior that occurred throughout various outbreak phases. Numerous characteristics associated with PJPB varied by outbreak phase although population pressure and forest density had positive associations during all phases. During the incipient phase, JPBs caused mortality in individual trees and small groups within toeslope topographic positions and PJPB had a negative relationship with stem diameter. In the epidemic phase, JPB activity occurred in all topographic positions and caused mortality in spatially expanding clusters. PJPB had a curvilinear relationship with tree diameter and a negative relationship with proximity to nearest brood tree. Majority (92–96 %) of mass‐attacked trees were within 30 m of a brood tree during the peak epidemic years. During the post‐epidemic phase, mortality clusters progressively decreased while dispersal distances between mass‐attacked and brood trees increased. Post‐epidemic PJPB had a negative relationship with stem diameter and mortality was concentrated in the mid and upper‐slope topographic positions. Results indicate mortality predictions are reasonable for the epidemic phase but not for incipient and post‐epidemic phases. Ecological factors influencing JPB‐caused tree mortality, clustered mortality patterns, and transitions from environmental to dynamic determinism are discussed.
Partisans without Parties: Party Systems as Partisan Inhibitors?
Authors: Roy Jason , Esselment Anna Lennox 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn this work we offer results drawn from a dataset of a post-provincial election survey in eight Canadian provinces to assess the impact of party system congruency on partisanship. We postulate that partisanship will be more likely and stronger in provinces that share a similar political party system to the federal level. We extend this preliminary analysis to test the underlying mechanism by examining the impact holding partisan ties at the provincial level has on the likelihood and strength of federal identification, according to party system similarity. Our results show very limited support for the party system congruency factor, raising further questions of its applicability in the Canadian context.
Strongyloidiasis in Latin American immigrants: a pilot study
Authors: Ostera G. , Blum J. , Cornejo C. , Burgula S. , Jeun R. , Bryan P.E. , Mejia R. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe United States of America (USA) has the largest international population of any nation in the world. Immigrants from Latin American countries, where intestinal parasites are endemic, comprise more than half of this population. This study aims to determine the prevalence of strongyloidiasis, a potentially deadly parasitic infection, in foreign-born individuals. We conducted a cross-sectional study in Washington, DC, to determine the seroprevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection using an NIE-ELISA IgG antibody assay. Multi-parallel quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed in stool samples of NIE-ELISA-positive patients to investigate possible polyparasitism. The NIE-ELISA assay detected an S. stercoralis prevalence of 4.2% in a group of 119 volunteers. Combining NIE-ELISA and qPCR detected a parasite prevalence of 5.0%. Our results underscore the relevance of systematic testing for gastrointestinal parasites in individuals from endemic regions. It also makes a case for a survey in the USA to identify immigrants' risk for strongyloidiasis and other gastrointestinal parasitic infections.
Anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy is associated with certain subtypes of chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Leonard C G , Masih C , McDonald S , Taylor G , Maiden N , Leyden P J 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackground:Chronic rhinosinusitis has many risk factors; however, the effect of anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy has not been investigated in depth. Our experience points to a detrimental clinical effect in overall prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis, despite its benefit in certain subtypes.Method:A telephone survey was performed to parallel the findings of the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network chronic rhinosinusitis screening survey. This was itself based on the widely recognised European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps criteria.Results:A total of 120 patients responded to the survey. The prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis in the anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy population was 20 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval = 12.84–27.16). When compared using a chi-square test, for a two-by-two contingency table, this finding was significant against the prevalence recorded in the normal population.Conclusion:This is the first observational study indicating increased prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis in patients treated with anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy. These clinical findings require investigation in greater depth to clarify the nature of pathologies currently diagnosed and treated as chronic rhinosinusitis.
Precarious Class Formations in the United States and South Africa
Authors: Paret Marcel 
Published: April 2016

AbstractRecent scholarship highlights the global expansion of precarious layers of the working class. This article examines the growth and collective struggles of such precarious layers in two very different places: California, United States and Gauteng, South Africa. The comparison challenges and extends existing research in two ways. First, it shows that the spread of insecurity is far from uniform, taking different forms in different places. Lack of citizenship is more crucial for workers in California, whereas underemployment is more crucial for workers in Gauteng. Second, it shows that insecure segments of the working class are capable of developing collective agency. This agency may be rooted in identities that extend beyond precarious employment, and will reflect the particular forms of insecurity that are prevalent in the given context. Such diversity is illustrated by examining May Day protests in California and community protests around service delivery in Gauteng.
Echoes of the Eurasian Steppe in the Daily Culture of Mamluk Military Society
Authors: AMITAI REUVEN 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt and Syria (1250–1517ce) was based on a military-political elite of Eurasian Steppe provenance, brought to the Eastern Mediterranean as youths. In the early decades of the Sultanate, most of these were Qipchaq Turks, but additional groups of Turks, Mongols and others were also well represented. The impact of the Eurasian military tradition has been long noted by scholars. However, some other aspects of the Inner Asian legacy have not been fully explored. In this paper I will look at a few characteristics of this cultural heritage: names, daily language, drinking habits, sports, hunting, religious rituals, and cultural awareness. The question of identity of the ruling strata of the Dawlat al-Turk/al-Atrak (“The Dynasty/State of the Turks), as the Mamluk Sultanate was then known in Arabic, will be broached at the end of the paper.
Maternal and infant correlates of maternal feeding beliefs and practices in a multi-ethnic Asian population: the GUSTO (Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes) study
Authors: Quah Phaik Ling , Cheng Tuck Seng , Cheung Yin Bun , Yap Fabian , Saw Seang-Mei , Godfrey Keith M , Gluckman Peter D , Chong Yap-Seng , Chong Mary Foong-Fong 
Published: April 2016

AbstractObjectiveLittle is known about the influences of maternal and infant correlates on maternal feeding beliefs and practices in the first 2 years of life, despite its important role in early obesogenic eating behaviours and weight gain.DesignCross-sectional study using demographic data of mothers and infants obtained at 26–28 weeks of gestation, and postnatally from birth to 15 months, respectively. The Infant Feeding Questionnaire was administered at 15 months postpartum. The associations between maternal and infant characteristics with seven maternal feeding beliefs and practices subscales were evaluated using multivariate linear regression analysis.SettingData obtained from the Singapore GUSTO (Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes) mother–offspring birth cohort.SubjectsMothers and infants (n 1237).ResultsAmong other maternal correlates such as age, education, BMI, income and milk feeding practices, ethnicity was a consistent factor associated with six subscales, including concern about infant overeating/undereating and weight status, concern and awareness about infants’ hunger and satiety cues, social interaction during feeding and feeding an infant on schedule. Similarly, among infant correlates such as gender and birth order, infant body size gain (reflected by BMI Z-score change from 0 to 15 months) was significantly associated with all subscales except feeding an infant on schedule. Overall, maternal correlates had greater influence on all subscales compared with infant correlates except for the maternal concern about infant undereating or becoming underweight subscale.ConclusionsThe present study highlights that maternal feeding beliefs and practices can be influenced by both maternal correlates and infant correlates at 15 months of age.
Dietary acculturation among the South-Asian Surinamese population in the Netherlands: the HELIUS study
Authors: Raza Qaisar , Nicolaou Mary , Snijder Marieke B , Stronks Karien , Seidell Jacob C 
Published: April 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo test Koctürk’s model of dietary change among South-Asian Surinamese in the Netherlands. The model categorizes foods into staple, complementary and accessory foods and postulates that dietary change after migration begins with accessory foods while foods associated with ethnic identity (staple foods) change at a slower rate.DesignCross-sectional data from the HELIUS study. Dietary intake was assessed with an FFQ. Acculturation was based on social contacts and sense of belonging and was translated into four strategies of acculturation: assimilation, integration, separation and marginalization. Other indicators of acculturation included residence duration, age at migration and migration generation status.SettingAmsterdam, the Netherlands.SubjectsParticipants of Dutch (n 1456) and South-Asian Surinamese origin (n 968).ResultsAcross all acculturation strategies, South-Asian Surinamese participants reported significantly higher intakes of rice (staple food) and chicken (complementary food) and significantly lower intakes of red meat and vegetables (complementary foods) and cookies and sweets (accessory food) than Dutch participants. Men, second-generation and assimilated South-Asian Surinamese were inclined towards Dutch foods such as potato, pasta and red meat. Accessory foods like fruits showed variation across acculturation strategies.ConclusionsConsistent with the Koctürk model, the intake of staple foods was stable among South-Asian Surinamese irrespective of acculturation strategy while the intake of accessory foods like fruit varied. Contrary to expectations, South-Asian Surinamese showed consistently high intakes of complementary foods like chicken and fish irrespective of acculturation strategy. Public health practitioners should take into consideration the complex and dynamic nature of dietary acculturation.
Ergebnisorientierte Klassifikation Alkoholabhängiger zu Beginn einer stationären Behandlung
Authors: Vollmer Heinz C. , Domma-Reichart Julia 
Published: April 2016

Zusammenfassung. Fragestellung: Gestattet die Kombination von Patienten-Merkmalen eine ergebnisorientierte Klassifikation Alkoholabhängiger? Methode: Naturalistische Feldstudie, in der retrospektiv mittels binärer logistischer Regression Unterschiede in Patienten-Merkmalen zwischen zur Ein-Jahres-Katamnese durchgehend abstinenten (N = 431) vs. rückfällig gewordenen Alkoholabhängigen (N = 382) analysiert wurden. Anhand der identifizierten Prognose-Merkmale wurden vier Klassen gebildet. Getrennt für die vier Klassen wurden mittels geschichteter Chi Quadrat Tests weitere Merkmale auf ihre prognostische Valenz geprüft. Ergebnisse: Mit den beiden stärksten Prognosemerkmalen Therapieerfahrung und Depressivität konnten vier Klassen gebildet werden, die sich in ihren Rückfallquoten (30 bis 65 %) signifikant unterschieden. Die Behandlungsdauer korrelierte nur bei den therapieerfahrenen nicht-depressiven Patienten (N = 239) mit späterer Abstinenz. Nur therapieerfahrene, depressive Patienten (N = 50) hatten bei Vorliegen einer Persönlichkeitsstörung höhere Rückfallquoten. Alter, Geschlecht, Schulbildung, Arbeitslosigkeit, Familienstand, Partnersituation und suchtspezifische Komorbiditäten waren für die gesamte Stichprobe und für die vier Klassen prognostisch nicht relevant. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Validität von Prädiktoren ist abhängig von der prozentualen Verteilung der Patientenmerkmale einer Stichprobe, der Therapie, der Stichprobengröße und der Erfolgsquote. Eine ergebnisorientierte Klassifikation gestattet die Ableitung verbesserter therapeutischer Strategien für hoch rückfallgefährdete Patienten. Verbesserte Therapiepläne werden die ergebnisorientierte Klassifikation im Rahmen des lernenden Kliniksystems verändern, so dass nicht von einer Zeitstabilität und Allgemeingültigkeit der klinikspezifischen Prädiktoren ausgegangen werden kann.
Adding Emulsified Isoflurane to Cardioplegia Solution Produces Cardiac Protection in a Dog Cardiopulmonary Bypass Model
Authors: Huang Han , Zhou Cheng , Liu Jin , Song Haibo , Qiu Yan 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis study investigated whether caridoplegia solution with Emulsified Isoflurane (EI) could improve cardiaoprotection in a dog CPB model of great similarity to clinical settings. Adult dogs were randomly assigned to receive one of the following cardioplegia solutions: St. Thomas with EI (group ST+EI), St. Thomas with 30% Intralipid (group ST+EL) and St. Thomas alone (group ST). The aorta was cross-clamped for two hours followed by reperfusion for another two hours, during which cardiac output was measured and dosages of positive inotropic agent to maintain normal hemodynamics were recorded. Serum level of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and CK-MB were measured. Deletion of cardiac mitochondrial DNA was examined at the end of reperfusion. Compared with ST, ST+EI decreased the requirement of dopamine support while animals receiving ST+EI had a significantly larger cardiac output. ST+EI reduced post-CPB release of cTnI and CK-MB. Mitochondrial DNA loss was observed in only one of the tested animals from group ST+EI while it was seen in all the tested animals from group ST+EL and ST. Addition of emulsified isoflurane into cardioplegia solution protects against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. This protective effect might be mediated by preserving mitochondrial ultrastructure and DNA integrity.
Interaction of Caveolin-3 and HCN is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic cystopathy
Authors: Dong Xingyou , Song Qixiang , Zhu Jingzhen , Zhao Jiang , Liu Qian , Zhang Teng , Long Zhou , Li Jia , Wu Chao , Wang Qingqing , Hu Xiaoyan , Damaser Margot , Li Longkun 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA growing body of research suggests that impaired bladder Cajal-like interstitial cells (ICCs) are a important component in the pathogenesis of diabetes-induced bladder dysfunction, although the molecular mechanisms have not been illustrated completely. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels in ICCs-DM were responsible for the detrusor weak contractility of Diabetic cystopathy (DCP) and to study the possible mechanism of regulating the expression and function of HCN channels. HCN channels expression were decreased at the mRNA and protein levels. Forskolin (FSK), which can elevate intracellular cAMP levels, increased the density of the hyperpolarization-activated current and intracellular calcium concentration in both normal control (NC) rats and DCP rats, but the sensitivity of FSK on HCN channels was clearly down-regulated in DCP rats. The loss of caveolae and caveolin was in accordance with the decrease in HCN channels. Caveolin-3 co-localizes with and affects the expression and function of HCN. Taken together, these results indicate that the loss of caveolae and HCN channels in ICCs-DM is important in the pathogenesis of DCP. Increasing the number of caveolae to enhance the function of HCN channels may represent a viable target for the pharmacological treatment of DCP.
A PARP1-ERK2 synergism is required for the induction of LTP
Authors: Visochek L. , Grigoryan G. , Kalal A. , Milshtein-Parush H. , Gazit N. , Slutsky I. , Yeheskel A. , Shainberg A. , Castiel A. , Seger R. , Langelier M. F. , Dantzer F. , Pascal J. M. , Segal M. , Cohen-Armon M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractUnexpectedly, a post-translational modification of DNA-binding proteins, initiating the cell response to single-strand DNA damage, was also required for long-term memory acquisition in a variety of learning paradigms. Our findings disclose a molecular mechanism based on PARP1-Erk synergism, which may underlie this phenomenon. A stimulation induced PARP1 binding to phosphorylated Erk2 in the chromatin of cerebral neurons caused Erk-induced PARP1 activation, rendering transcription factors and promoters of immediate early genes (IEG) accessible to PARP1-bound phosphorylated Erk2. Thus, Erk-induced PARP1 activation mediated IEG expression implicated in long-term memory. PARP1 inhibition, silencing, or genetic deletion abrogated stimulation-induced Erk-recruitment to IEG promoters, gene expression and LTP generation in hippocampal CA3-CA1-connections. Moreover, a predominant binding of PARP1 to single-strand DNA breaks, occluding its Erk binding sites, suppressed IEG expression and prevented the generation of LTP. These findings outline a PARP1-dependent mechanism required for LTP generation, which may be implicated in long-term memory acquisition and in its deterioration in senescence.
Sessile multidroplets and salt droplets under high tangential electric fields
Authors: Xie Guoxin , He Feng , Liu Xiang , Si Lina , Guo Dan 
Published: April 2016

AbstractUnderstanding the interaction behaviors between sessile droplets under imposed high voltages is very important in many practical situations, e.g., microfluidic devices and the degradation/aging problems of outdoor high-power applications. In the present work, the droplet coalescence, the discharge activity and the surface thermal distribution response between sessile multidroplets and chloride salt droplets under high tangential electric fields have been investigated with infrared thermography, high-speed photography and pulse current measurement. Obvious polarity effects on the discharge path direction and the temperature change in the droplets in the initial stage after discharge initiation were observed due to the anodic dissolution of metal ions from the electrode. In the case of sessile aligned multidroplets, the discharge path direction could affect the location of initial droplet coalescence. The smaller unmerged droplet would be drained into the merged large droplet as a result from the pressure difference inside the droplets rather than the asymmetric temperature change due to discharge. The discharge inception voltages and the temperature variations for two salt droplets closely correlated with the ionization degree of the salt, as well as the interfacial electrochemical reactions near the electrodes. Mechanisms of these observed phenomena were discussed.
Real-time two- and three-dimensional imaging of monocyte motility and navigation on planar surfaces and in collagen matrices: roles of Rho
Authors: Bzymek Robert , Horsthemke Markus , Isfort Katrin , Mohr Simon , Tjaden Kerstin , Müller-Tidow Carsten , Thomann Marlies , Schwerdtle Tanja , Bähler Martin , Schwab Albrecht , Hanley Peter J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe recently found that macrophages from RhoA/RhoB double knockout mice had increased motility of the cell body, but severely impaired retraction of the tail and membrane extensions, whereas RhoA- or RhoB-deficient cells exhibited mild phenotypes. Here we extended this work and investigated the roles of Rho signaling in primary human blood monocytes migrating in chemotactic gradients and in various settings. Monocyte velocity, but not chemotactic navigation, was modestly dependent on Rho-ROCK-myosin II signaling on a 2D substrate or in a loose collagen type I matrix. Viewed by time-lapse epi-fluorescence microscopy, monocytes appeared to flutter rather than crawl, such that the 3D surface topology of individual cells was difficult to predict. Spinning disk confocal microscopy and 3D reconstruction revealed that cells move on planar surfaces and in a loose collagen matrix using prominent, curved planar protrusions, which are rapidly remodeled and reoriented, as well as resorbed. In a dense collagen type I matrix, there is insufficient space for this mode and cells adopt a highly Rho-dependent, lobular mode of motility. Thus, in addition to its role in tail retraction on 2D surfaces, Rho is critical for movement in confined spaces, but is largely redundant for motility and chemotaxis in loose matrices.