bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
JARINGAN SOSIAL KEBERTAHANAN KEGIATAN USAHA INDUSTRI KECIL DI DESA SUKAMAJU KECAMATAN MAJALAYA KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: S Meilanny Budiarti 
Published: March 2017

THE SOCIAL NETWORK OF SMALL INDUSTRY ACTIVITY SUSTAINABILITY AT SUKAMAJU VILLAGE MAJALAYA, MANUCIPALITY OF BANDUNG Meilanny Budiarti SDepartment of Social WelfareFaculty of Social and Political Science, Padjadjaran UniversityEmail: meilannybudiarti13@gmail.com ABSTRACTThis study explained the social network owned by the small industries. The small industry proven able to survive and continue to grow in the middle of crisis because the sectors still take the local resources, both human resources, capital, raw materials, and equipment for the business. It means that they are not dependent on the import goods.The social network owned by the entrepreneur of small industry could be both supporting and barrier factor for the survival of their business activity. The supporting factor of small business activities are: 1) A proper relationship; 2) A close relationship, personal and informal; 3) Communication and through communication media; 4) Being honest and open to both input and criticism; 5) The informal and flexible cooperation; 6) A proper deliberation; 7) Network extension. On the other hand, the barrier factors of the survival of small business is there are no association of the entrepreneurs and, the barriers of marketing. Keywords : social networking, small industries, the survival business activities JARINGAN SOSIAL KEBERTAHANAN KEGIATAN USAHA INDUSTRI KECIL DI DESA SUKAMAJU KECAMATAN MAJALAYA KABUPATEN BANDUNG ABSTRAK Kajian ini memaparkan jaringan sosial yang dimiliki oleh pengusaha industri kecil. Industri kecil terbukti mampu bertahan dan terus berkembang di tengah krisis hal tersebut terjadi karena pada umumnya sektor ini masih memanfaatkan sumber daya lokal, baik itu sumber daya manusia, modal, bahan baku, hingga peralatan, artinya sebagian besar kebutuhan industry kecil dan menengah tidak mengandalkan barang impor.Ditemukan jaringan sosial yang dimiliki oleh pengusaha industri kecil dan menjadi faktor pendorong dan penghambat kebertahanan kegiatan usaha mereka. Faktor pendukung kegiatan usaha pengusaha industri kecil, meliputi: 1). Hubungan yang baik; 2). Terbangunnya hubungan yang erat, personal dan informal; 3). Komunikasi dan mengoptimalkan penggunaan media komunikasi; 4). Adanya sikap jujur dan terbuka terhadap masukan dan kritik; 5). Kerjasama dilakukan secara informal dan fleksibel; 6). Pengutamaan musyawarah; 7). Perluasan jaringan. Adapun faktor penghambat kebertahanan kegiatan usaha industri kecil adalah belum adanya asosiasi pengusaha dan hambatan dalam pemasaran. Kata kunci : jaringan sosial, industri kecil, keberlanjutan usaha
ANALISIS TATA LETAK DALAM PERSPEKTIF RITEL
Authors: Arifianti Ria 
Published: March 2017

ANALISIS TATA LETAK DALAM PERSPEKTIF RITEL Ria ArifiantiDepartement of Business Administrative ScienceFaculty of Social and Political Sciences University of PadjadjaranEmail : r.arifianti@unpad.ac.id. ria_arifianti@yahoo.co.id ABSTRACT Layout strategies undertaken to generate profits, and to provide comfort for visitors. Despite the fact that so run smoothly. This can be seen from the customer complained about the layout made by the company. They complained of the board were not clear and the high placement so that makes them confused for mencarai desired goodsThe approach taken in this study is a qualitative approach. The research method is descriptive method. Technique of collecting data using study of literature and field. Field studies using observation and interviews.The research results that Retail Modern retail use this type of layout. The arrangement is based layout to provide convenience for consumers when shopping. Other than that a good layout. Placement will impact and improve competitiveness. The advice given is a clear indication of the existence of the placement of goods, so as not to confuse consumers when shopping Keywords : modern retail, lay out strategy ANALISIS TATA LETAK DALAM PERSPEKTIF RITEL ABSTRAK Strategi tata letak dilakukan untuk menghasilkan keuntungan, dan untuk memberikan kenyamanan bagi pengunjung. Meskipun pada kenyataannya tidak begitu berjalan dengan lancar. Hal ini terlihat dari pelanggan mengeluhkan tata letak yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan. Mereka mengeluhkan papan petunjuk yang tidak jelas dan tinggi penempatannya sehingga membuat mereka kebingungan untuk mencarai barang yang diinginkan Pendekatan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif, yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan secara induktif untuk memperoleh data yang bersifat menyeluruh atau holistic dan mendalam. Metode penelitiannya adalah metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan observasi, dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian mennujukkan bahwa Ritel Modern menggunakan jenis tata letak ritel. Penataan tata letak didasarkan untuk memberikan kenyamanan bagi konsumen ketika berbelanja. Selain daripada itu penempatan layout yang baik akan memberikan dampak dan meningkatkan daya saing. Adapun saran yang diberikan adalah Adanya petunjuk yang jelas tentang penempatan barang, sehingga tidak memusingkan konsumen ketika berbelanja Kata kunci : ritel modern, strategi tata letak
KAPABILITAS ORGANISASI PUBLIK PASCA PEMEKARAN DAERAH (Studi Pada Organisasi Pemberi Layanan Dasar di Kabupaten Way Kanan Provinsi Lampung)
Authors: Lustiadi Yadi 
Published: March 2017

Permasalahan pokok dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa Kabupaten Way Kanan yang telah berusia 13 tahun sejak Kabupaten ini dibentuk dari pemekaran Kabupaten Lampung Utara, belum menunjukan kemampuanyang cukup kuat untuk dapat melaksanakan pelayanan publik secara efektif, bahkan masih dikategorikan sebagai daerah tertinggal. Keterbatasan jumlah dan kualitas SDM, sarana-prasarana, keuangan daerah serta posisi kabupaten yang tidak kondusuf, menjdi elemen utama penentu masalah kapabilitas organisasi publik, khususnyaorganisasi pemberi layanan dasar. Pertanyaan penelitiannya adalah: mengapa organisasi publik pemberi layanan dasar di Kabupaten Way Kanan belum kapabel ? Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui pengamatan langsung, wawancara yang mendalamdan studi dokumentasi. Untuk menguji keabsahan datadigunakan teknik Triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat elemen-elemen kapabilitas yakni: kapabilitas kepemimpinan, sumberdaya manusia, struktur organisasi, sarana dan prasarana, keuangan dan kapabilitas lokasi,umumnya belum kapabel, demikian pula kekuatan kapabilitas elemen-elemen tersebut belum secara integral dioptimalkan, terutama pada sub elemen change leadership, kualitas dan distribusi SDM, rentang kendali struktur, kualitas sarana dan prasarana, kecukupan dan pemanfaatan dana, serta aksesibilitas.
V L Ginzburg and the Atomic project
Authors: Ritus V I 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This paper is an expanded version of the author’s talk presented at a session of the Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences celebrating the 100th anniversary of V L Ginzburg’s birth. Tamm’s Special group was organized in June 1948 with the task to clarify the feasibility of constructing a hydrogen bomb. Having verified and confirmed the calculated results by Ya B Zel’dovich’s group, the Tamm group proposed an original hydrogen bomb design, which, following A D Sakharov’s idea, consisted of an atomic bomb surrounded spherically by nested uranium and heavy water layers: the heavy water, on V L Ginzburg’s suggestion, was replaced by higher-calorie solid lithium-6 deuteride. The ionization implosion of deuterium by uranium, both heated by the atomic bomb’s explosion, greatly accelerates nuclear reactions in deuterium and uranium and increases the total energy release. Upon their approval by the KB-11 top researchers, the Atomic project leadership, and the government, the proposals were implemented in the RDS-6s bomb, which was successfully tested on 12 August 1953. Lithium-6 deuteride turned out to be a convenient multipurpose nuclear fuel. The paper highlights the recognition by the leaders of the country and of the Atomic project that fundamental science plays a crucial role in promoting scientists’ ideas and proposals.
Conformation of the proximal tibia and cranial cruciate ligament disease in small breed dogs
Authors: Kyllar Michal , Midgley Duncan , Owen Martin , Janovec Jan 
Published: March 2017

SummaryObjectives: To investigate the conformation of the proximal tibia in small breed dogs with and without cranial cruciate ligament disease (CCLD) and to identify morphologic abnormalities that may predispose to development of CCLD.Methods: Mediolateral radiographs of the entire tibia of dogs <15 kg with surgically confirmed CCLD were retrospectively evaluated. Proximal tibial width (PTW), tibial plateau length (TPL), tibial plateau angle as described by Slocum and Slocum (sTPA), proximal tibial tuberosity angle (PTTA), tibial plateau angle as described by Inauen and colleagues (nTPA), and diaphyseal tibial width (DTW) were measured. The same variables were obtained from mediolateral radiographs of the entire tibia of dogs <15 kg without CCLD. In addition, a quotient nTPA/ PTW, relative tibial tuberosity width (rTTW), and relative body weight (rBW) were calculated for each dog. Independent two-sample t-test (p = 0.05) was used to compare mean ± SD of all measured variables between the two groups.Results: Gender, age, and weight mean ± SD were not significantly different between the two groups of dogs (p <0.05). Dogs with CCLD had significantly greater sTPA (p = 0.015) and rBW (p = 0.016).Clinical significance: In dogs of small breeds, a combination of an excessively steep tibial plateau and an increased relative body weight may predispose to early CCLD development. The slope of the tibial plateau was found to be caused by an abnormal caudal angulation of the proximal tibia, a phenomenon previously associated with CCLD development in small breed dogs in individual cases.
Kinematics of a Young Low-mass Star-forming Core: Understanding the Evolutionary State of the First-core Candidate L1451-mm
Authors: Maureira María José , Arce Héctor G. , Dunham Michael M. , Pineda Jaime E. , Fernández-López Manuel , Chen Xuepeng , Mardones Diego 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We use 3 mm multiline and continuum CARMA observations toward the first hydrostatic core (FHSC) candidate L1451-mm to characterize the envelope kinematics at 1000 au scales and investigate its evolutionary state. We detect evidence of infall and rotation in the NH2D(11,1–10,1), N2H+(1–0), and HCN(1–0) molecular lines. We compare the position–velocity diagram of the NH2D(11,1–10,1) line with a simple kinematic model and find that it is consistent with an envelope that is both infalling and rotating while conserving angular momentum around a central mass of about 0.06 M
⊙. The N2H+(1–0) LTE mass of the envelope along with the inferred infall velocity leads to a mass infall rate of approximately 6 × 10−6
M
⊙ yr−1, implying a young age of 104 years for this FHSC candidate. Assuming that the accretion onto the central object is the same as the infall rate, we obtain a minimum source size of 1.5–5 au, consistent with the size expected for a first core. We do not see any evidence of outflow motions or signs of outflow–envelope interaction at scales ≳2000 au. This is consistent with previous observations that revealed a very compact outflow (≲500 au). We conclude that L1451-mm is indeed at a very early stage of evolution, either a first core or an extremely young Class 0 protostar. Our results provide strong evidence that L1451-mm is the best candidate for being a bona fide first core.
Solar Activity from 2006 to 2014 and Short-term Forecasts of Solar Proton Events Using the ESPERTA Model
Authors: Alberti T. , Laurenza M. , Cliver E. W. , Storini M. , Consolini G. , Lepreti F. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
To evaluate the solar energetic proton (SEP) forecast model of Laurenza et al., here termed ESPERTA, we computed the input parameters (soft X-ray (SXR) fluence and ∼1 MHz radio fluence) for all ≥M2 SXR flares from 2006 to 2014. This database is outside the 1995–2005 interval on which ESPERTA was developed. To assess the difference in the general level of activity between these two intervals, we compared the occurrence frequencies of SXR flares and SEP events for the first six years of cycles 23 (1996 September–2002 September) and 24 (2008 December–2014 December). We found a reduction of SXR flares and SEP events of 40% and 46%, respectively, in the latter period. Moreover, the numbers of ≥M2 flares with high values of SXR and ∼1 MHz fluences (>0.1 J m−2 and >6 × 105 sfu × minute, respectively) are both reduced by ∼30%. A somewhat larger percentage decrease of these two parameters (∼40% versus ∼30%) is obtained for the 2006–2014 interval in comparison with 1995–2005. Despite these differences, ESPERTA performance was comparable for the two intervals. For the 2006–2014 interval, ESPERTA had a probability of detection (POD) of 59% (19/32) and a false alarm rate (FAR) of 30% (8/27), versus a POD = 63% (47/75) and an FAR = 42% (34/81) for the original 1995–2005 data set. In addition, for the 2006–2014 interval the median (average) warning time was estimated to be ∼2 hr (∼7 hr), versus ∼6 hr (∼9 hr), for the 1995–2005 data set.
Common Envelope Wind Tunnel: Coefficients of Drag and Accretion in a Simplified Context for Studying Flows around Objects Embedded within Stellar Envelopes
Authors: MacLeod Morgan , Antoni Andrea , Murguia-Berthier Ariadna , Macias Phillip , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This paper examines the properties of flows around objects embedded within common envelopes in the simplified context of a “wind tunnel.” We establish characteristic relationships between key common envelope flow parameters like the Mach number and density scale height. Our wind tunnel is a three-dimensional, Cartesian geometry hydrodynamic simulation setup that includes the gravity of the primary and secondary stars and allows us to study the coefficients of drag and accretion experienced by the embedded object. Accretion and drag lead to a transformation of an embedded object and its orbit during a common envelope phase. We present two suites of simulations spanning a range of density gradients and Mach numbers—relevant for flow near the limb of a stellar envelope to the deep interior. In one suite, we adopt an ideal gas adiabatic exponent of

, in the other,

. We find that coefficients of drag rise in flows with steeper density gradients and that coefficients of drag and accretion are consistently higher in the more compressible,

flow. We illustrate the impact of these newly derived coefficients by integrating the inspiral of a secondary object through the envelopes of

(

) and

(

) giants. In these examples, we find a relatively rapid initial inspiral because, near the stellar limb, dynamical friction drag is generated mainly from dense gas focused from deeper within the primary-star’s envelope. This rapid initial inspiral timescale carries potential implications for the timescale of transients from early common envelope interaction.
CO(J = 1–0) Observations of a Filamentary Molecular Cloud in the Galactic Region Centered at l = 150°, b = 3.°5
Authors: Xiong Fang , Chen Xuepeng , Yang Ji , Fang Min , Zhang Shaobo , Zhang Miaomiao , Du Xinyu , Long Wenshan 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We present large-field (4.25 × 3.75 deg2) mapping observations toward the Galactic region centered at

in the J = 1–0 emission line of CO isotopologues (12CO, 13CO, and C18O), using the 13.7 m millimeter-wavelength telescope of the Purple Mountain Observatory. Based on the 13CO observations, we reveal a filamentary cloud in the Local Arm at a velocity range of −0.5 to 6.5 km s−1. This molecular cloud contains 1 main filament and 11 sub-filaments, showing the so-called “ridge-nest” structure. The main filament and three sub-filaments are also detected in the C18O line. The velocity structures of most identified filaments display continuous distribution with slight velocity gradients. The measured median excitation temperature, line width, length, width, and linear mass of the filaments are ∼9.28 K, 0.85 km s−1, 7.30 pc, 0.79 pc, and 17.92

pc−1, respectively, assuming a distance of 400 pc. We find that the four filaments detected in the C18O line are thermally supercritical, and two of them are in the virialized state, and thus tend to be gravitationally bound. We identify in total 146 13CO clumps in the cloud, about 77% of the clumps are distributed along the filaments. About 56% of the virialized clumps are found to be associated with the supercritical filaments. Three young stellar object candidates are also identified in the supercritical filaments, based on the complementary infrared data. These results indicate that the supercritical filaments, especially the virialized filaments, may contain star-forming activities.
L’industrie chimique française en guerre (1914-1918) : de la dépendance étrangère à la construction d’une filière nationale
Authors: Langlinay Erik 
Published: March 2017

L’article « Poudres et explosifs » écrit par le sénateur et chimiste Louis Tissier en 1926 met en valeur l’effort réalisé par la France dans le domaine de l’industrie chimique pendant la Première Guerre mondiale. Puissance chimique de second rang loin dernière l’Allemagne, la France a cherché à bâtir un nouveau système technique pour la guerre, reposant sur un engagement des entreprises nationales, mais devant s’appuyer dès septembre 1914 sur des importations anglo-saxonnes. La nomination d’Albert Thomas au poste de sous-secrétaire d’État en mai 1915 coïncide avec une réorientation de la politique d’armement : un vaste réseau d’usines est construit, des coopérations scientifiques et commerciales sont tissées avec les Alliés, une volonté de reconquérir les marchés étrangers est exprimée. Mais la guerre sous-marine à outrance lancée par l’Allemagne en janvier 1917 ruine en partie ce programme : les Alliés décident alors d’importations massives de poudres et explosifs américains. Dès la fin 1917, les entreprises privées françaises s’orientent vers les marchés civils. Dans certains domaines sensibles, des liens se sont tissés entre industriels et militaires. Leur maintien dans l’après-guerre est une question politique dont l’article de Louis Tissier témoigne.
Alignment of Patient Health Numeracy with Asthma Care Instructions in the Patient Portal
Authors: Schapira Marilyn M. , Mozal Chantel , Shofer Frances S. , Gonzalez Rodalyn , Apter Andrea J. 
Published: March 2017

Background:
After Visit Summary (AVS) instructions provided through the patient portal of the electronic medical record can support asthma self-management if patients have the skills to interpret and apply the health information provided. Print literacy demands of patient materials are often higher than the reading ability of patients. However, less is known regarding the numeric demand of patient education materials and how well it aligns with patient health numeracy.

Objectives:
This study (1) developed measures of numeric demand for use in the AVS, (2) described the health numeracy demand of AVS instructions for asthma care, and (3) evaluated the association between numeracy demand of materials and patient health numeracy.

Methods:
We reviewed personalized AVS instructions for an index visit from 74 adults with moderate or severe asthma recruited from clinics serving low-income urban communities. Using measures of numeric complexity and density developed for this study, numeracy demand of the AVS was compared to the numeracy skills of patients using the validated Asthma Numeracy Questionnaire.

Key Results:

The numeric complexity and density scales demonstrated content and face validity. The median (range) of the numeric complexity score for AVS instructions was 2.5 (0–46), and density of numeric information was 8% (0%–33%). The median (range) of the Asthma Numeracy Questionnaire was 2 (0–4). There was no association between patient asthma-related health numeracy and the complexity (
p
= .29) or density (
p
= .81) of numeric information.

Conclusions:

Patient instructions regarding medications and self-management often include numeric information. Lack of alignment of the numeracy demand of materials with health numeracy skill may be a barrier to communication, particularly among patients of lower health numeracy.

[
Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2017;1(1):e1–e10.]

Plain Language Summary:
This study developed a way to measure the frequency and complexity of numeric information in instructions given to patients with asthma. No association was found between the difficulty of numeric information provided and the numeracy level of patients. This poses a potential barrier to communication, especially for patients with low health numeracy.
Rip2 Is Required for Nod2-Mediated Lysozyme Sorting in Paneth Cells
Authors: Wang Haifang , Zhang Xinwen , Zuo Zhanguang , Zhang Qin , Pan Ying , Zeng Benhua , Li Wenxia , Wei Hong , Liu Zhihua 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Paneth cells play an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis by secreting a large number of antimicrobial peptides into the intestinal lumen. In this study, we found that Rip2 is required for lysozyme sorting in Paneth cells in a manner that is dependent on Nod2, LRRK2, and Rab2a. Rip2 deficiency in mouse led to lysosomal degradation of lysozyme in Paneth cells and prevented the recruitment of Rab2a onto dense core vesicles (DCVs). Like Nod2 and LRRK2, Rip2 localizes to DCVs in Paneth cells, and its DCV localization depends on Nod2 and LRRK2. Thus, we delineated a genetic pathway, consisting of Nod2–LRRK2–Rip2–Rab2a, which is required for lysozyme sorting. Taken together, our results indicate that the lysozyme-sorting process in Paneth cells is orchestrated by a number of host factors and highlight the importance of Paneth cell function in intestinal homeostasis.
Cochlear function in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Govender Samantha Marlanie , Govender Cyril Devdas , Matthews Glenda 
Published: March 2017

Objective: To evaluate cochlear functioning in patients (18 - 45 years old) with varying stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Using purposive sampling, 50 participants, 10 in each of the 5 stages of CKD, were selected and underwent pure tone audiometric testing and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs).Results: Significant differences (p<0.05) were found between pure tone audiometry and DPOAEs in detecting early cochlear dysfunction in the high-frequency range in stages 3 (6 000/5 000 Hz; p=0.00), 4 (6 000/5 000 Hz; p<0.03) and 5 (4 000/3 333 Hz; p<0.01, 8 000/6 667 Hz:p<0.05) with DPOAEs being more sensitive in identifying early cochlear dysfunction. Patients in stages 1 and 2 presented with normal puretone thresholds and DPOAEs, suggesting that cochlear functioning in these patients was normal. Early cochlear dysfunction, thereby indicating a subclinical hearing loss, was identified in stages 3, 4 and 5 by DPOAE testing. In addition, blood test results, drug intake and concomitant conditions were recorded and analysed which suggested a relationship between reduced cochlear functioning and increased electrolyte levels, treatment regimens and concomitant conditions.Conclusion: Participants in the later stages of CKD presented with early cochlear dysfunction, presenting with subclinical hearing loss. It was postulated that this subclinical hearing loss resulted from a combination of electrolytic, urea and creatinine imbalances, together with concomitant medical conditions and ototoxic drug intake. It was concluded that audiological monitoring be included in the management of patients with CKD and that DPOAEs be introduced as part of the test battery to monitor cochlear function in patients with varying degrees of CKD.