bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Widespread Moulin Formation During Supraglacial Lake Drainages in Greenland
Authors: Hoffman Matthew J. , Perego Mauro , Andrews Lauren C. , Price Stephen F. , Neumann Thomas A. , Johnson Jesse V. , Catania Ginny , Lüthi Martin P. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMoulins permit access of surface meltwater to the glacier bed, causing basal lubrication and ice speedup in the ablation zone of western Greenland during summer. Despite the substantial impact of moulins on ice dynamics, the conditions under which they form are poorly understood. We assimilate a time series of ice surface velocity from a network of eleven Global Positioning System receivers into an ice sheet model to estimate ice sheet stresses during winter, spring, and summer in a ∼30 × 10 km region. Surface‐parallel von Mises stress increases slightly during spring speedup and early summer, sufficient to allow formation of 16% of moulins mapped in the study area. In contrast, 63% of moulins experience stresses over the tensile strength of ice during a short (hours) supraglacial lake drainage event. Lake drainages appear to control moulin density, which is itself a control on subglacial drainage efficiency and summer ice velocities.
Assimilation of Himawari‐8 All‐Sky Radiances Every 10 Minutes: Impact on Precipitation and Flood Risk Prediction
Authors: Honda T. , Kotsuki S. , Lien G.‐Y. , Maejima Y. , Okamoto K. , Miyoshi T. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractJapan's new geostationary satellite “Himawari‐8” enables updating precipitation and flood predictions as frequently as every 10 min and to capture as early as possible the flood risk associated with rapidly changing severe weather. This study focuses on the advantage of the frequent update of precipitation and flood predictions by assimilating all‐sky Himawari‐8 infrared radiances in the case of September 2015 Kanto‐Tohoku heavy rainfall, a major flooding event in Japan. The analyzed tropical cyclone representation and moisture transport are improved by the Himawari‐8 data assimilation. Deterministic runs from the analyses with the Himawari‐8 data provide much improved forecasts of a strong precipitation band. Moreover, every 10 min updates of river discharge forecasts driven by these improved precipitation forecasts show a large improvement in forecast skill with longer lead times. The results demonstrate that the frequent refresh aids to capture a signature of flooding at an earlier stage.
Rapid Prototyping of Ultralow‐Cost, Inkjet‐Printed Carbon Microelectrodes for Flexible Bioelectronic Devices
Authors: Schnitker Jan , Adly Nouran , Seyock Silke , Bachmann Bernd , Yakushenko Alexey , Wolfrum Bernhard , Offenhäusser Andreas 
Published: January 2018

AbstractGaining better understanding of the human brain using chip‐based devices and promoting the recovery of lost biological functionality through implants are long pursued endeavors driven by advances in material science, bioelectronics, and the advancing silicon technology. While conventional bioelectronic and neuroelectronic devices typically rely on cleanroom‐based processing, a rapid prototyping technique is proposed that is based on high‐resolution inkjet printing featuring nanoporous carbon electrodes that yield excellent cell–chip coupling. This study aims to overcome two major limitations of conventional approaches that make the development of neuroelectronic devices very challenging and limit a wider use within the research community as well as industry: high costs and lack of rapid prototyping capabilities. These challenges are addressed with an all‐printed, high‐resolution approach that makes use of flexible polymer substrates and is fabricated on a fully digital printing platform. The manufacturing of a chip consumes less than 60 min and costs a few cents per chip. This study introduces nanoporous carbon as a cell‐interfacing electrode material that features outstanding properties for extracellular recording of action potentials and stimulation indicating that the printed carbon chips have the means to be used as a versatile neuroelectronic tool for in vitro and in vivo studies.
A Highly Stretchable Cross‐Linked Polyacrylamide Hydrogel as an Effective Binder for Silicon and Sulfur Electrodes toward Durable Lithium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Zhu Xingyu , Zhang Fei , Zhang Li , Zhang Liya , Song Yingze , Jiang Tao , Sayed Shah , Lu Chen , Wang Xiangguo , Sun Jingyu , Liu Zhongfan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDespite the recent advancement in the in‐practical active materials (e.g., silicon, sulfur) in the rechargeable lithium‐ion energy storage systems, daunting challenges still remain for these high‐capacity electrode material candidates to overcome the severe volume changes associated with the repeated lithiation/delithiation process. Herein, developing a room‐temperature covalently cross‐linked polyacrylamide (c‐PAM) binder with high stretchability and abundant polar groups targeting the construction of high‐performance Si and sulfur electrodes is focused on. The robust 3D c‐PAM binder network enables not only significant enhancement of the strain resistance for working electrodes but also strong affinity to bonding with nano‐Si surface as well as effective capture of the soluble Li2Sn intermediates, thereby giving rise to remarkably improved cycling performances in both types of electrodes. This rational design of such an effective and multifunctional binder offers a pathway toward advanced energy storage implementations.
Direct 3D Printing of High Strength Biohybrid Gradient Hydrogel Scaffolds for Efficient Repair of Osteochondral Defect
Authors: Gao Fei , Xu Ziyang , Liang Qingfei , Liu Bo , Li Haofei , Wu Yuanhao , Zhang Yinyu , Lin Zifeng , Wu Mingming , Ruan Changshun , Liu Wenguang 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe emerging 3D printing technique allows for tailoring hydrogel‐based soft structure tissue scaffolds for individualized therapy of osteochondral defects. However, the weak mechanical strength and uncontrollable swelling intrinsic to conventional hydrogels restrain their use as bioinks. Here, a high‐strength thermoresponsive supramolecular copolymer hydrogel is synthesized by one‐step copolymerization of dual hydrogen bonding monomers, N‐acryloyl glycinamide, and N‐[tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl] acrylamide. The obtained copolymer hydrogels demonstrate excellent mechanical properties—robust tensile strength (up to 0.41 MPa), large stretchability (up to 860%), and high compressive strength (up to 8.4 MPa). The rapid thermoreversible gel ⇔ sol transition behavior makes this copolymer hydrogel suitable for direct 3D printing. Successful preparation of 3D‐printed biohybrid gradient hydrogel scaffolds is demonstrated with controllable 3D architecture, owing to shear thinning property which allows continuous extrusion through a needle and also immediate gelation of fluid upon deposition on the cooled substrate. Furthermore, this biohybrid gradient hydrogel scaffold printed with transforming growth factor beta 1 and β‐tricalciumphosphate on distinct layers facilitates the attachment, spreading, and chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs) in vitro. The in vivo experiments reveal that the 3D‐printed biohybrid gradient hydrogel scaffolds significantly accelerate simultaneous regeneration of cartilage and subchondral bone in a rat model.
Influence of incorporation methods of ATH on microstructure, elastomeric properties, flammability, and thermal decomposition of dynamically vulcanized NR/PP blends
Authors: Lopattananon Natinee , Walong Alif , Sakai Tadamoto 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTFlame‐retardant thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) of natural rubber (NR)/polypropylene (PP) (60/40 wt %) blends filled with alumina trihydrate (ATH) were prepared with an internal mixer. To increase the properties of flame‐retardant NR/PP TPV, the new mixing method, stepwise masterbatch mixing (SMB) method was adopted. The effects of SMB method along with different ATH loadings on microstructure and properties of NR/PP TPVs were investigated. Conventional one‐step mixing (CV) method was also studied for comparison. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that different processes led to a variation in microstructural homogeneity, which imposed various effects on blend properties. The mechanical properties of TPVs changed with ATH loading, and the strength of the samples obtained from SMB method was higher than those of CV method. LOI and cone calorimetry tests revealed that the flame retardancy of NR/PP blends dramatically increased at higher ATH loading. Furthermore, the increment level of flame retardancy was accelerated in the blends produced particularly through SMB method, resulting from homogeneity of local ATH distribution in NR/PP blend. Greater combustion resistance of blends prepared from SMB route were confirmed by thermogravimetry and pyrolysis‐gas chromatography–mass spectrometry techniques. Finally, a burning mechanism between filler structure and flammability of NR/PP TPVs obtained from CV and SMB methods was discussed. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46231.
Patient-derived organoid models help define personalized management of gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Aberle M R , Burkhart R A , Tiriac H , Olde Damink S W M , Dejong C H C , Tuveson D A , van Dam R M 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Background
The prognosis of patients with different gastrointestinal cancers varies widely. Despite advances in treatment strategies, such as extensive resections and the addition of new drugs to chemotherapy regimens, conventional treatment strategies have failed to improve survival for many tumours. Although promising, the clinical application of molecularly guided personalized treatment has proven to be challenging. This narrative review focuses on the personalization of cancer therapy using patient-derived three-dimensional ‘organoid’ models.

Methods
A PubMed search was conducted to identify relevant articles. An overview of the literature and published protocols is presented, and the implications of these models for patients with cancer, surgeons and oncologists are explained.

Results
Organoid culture methods have been established for healthy and diseased tissues from oesophagus, stomach, intestine, pancreas, bile duct and liver. Because organoids can be generated with high efficiency and speed from fine-needle aspirations, biopsies or resection specimens, they can serve as a personal cancer model. Personalized treatment could become a more standard practice by using these cell cultures for extensive molecular diagnosis and drug screening. Drug sensitivity assays can give a clinically actionable sensitivity profile of a patient's tumour. However, the predictive capability of organoid drug screening has not been evaluated in prospective clinical trials.

Conclusion
High-throughput drug screening on organoids, combined with next-generation sequencing, proteomic analysis and other state-of-the-art molecular diagnostic methods, can shape cancer treatment to become more effective with fewer side-effects.
Brain resting‐state networks in adolescents with high‐functioning autism: Analysis of spatial connectivity and temporal neurodynamics
Authors: Bernas Antoine , Barendse Evelien M. , Aldenkamp Albert P. , Backes Walter H. , Hofman Paul A. M. , Hendriks Marc P. H. , Kessels Roy P. C. , Willems Frans M. J. , de With Peter H. N. , Zinger Svitlana , Jansen Jacobus F. A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIntroductionAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is mainly characterized by functional and communication impairments as well as restrictive and repetitive behavior. The leading hypothesis for the neural basis of autism postulates globally abnormal brain connectivity, which can be assessed using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Even in the absence of a task, the brain exhibits a high degree of functional connectivity, known as intrinsic, or resting‐state, connectivity. Global default connectivity in individuals with autism versus controls is not well characterized, especially for a high‐functioning young population. The aim of this study is to test whether high‐functioning adolescents with ASD (HFA) have an abnormal resting‐state functional connectivity.Materials and MethodsWe performed spatial and temporal analyses on resting‐state networks (RSNs) in 13 HFA adolescents and 13 IQ‐ and age‐matched controls. For the spatial analysis, we used probabilistic independent component analysis (ICA) and a permutation statistical method to reveal the RSN differences between the groups. For the temporal analysis, we applied Granger causality to find differences in temporal neurodynamics.ResultsControls and HFA display very similar patterns and strengths of resting‐state connectivity. We do not find any significant differences between HFA adolescents and controls in the spatial resting‐state connectivity. However, in the temporal dynamics of this connectivity, we did find differences in the causal effect properties of RSNs originating in temporal and prefrontal cortices.ConclusionThe results show a difference between HFA and controls in the temporal neurodynamics from the ventral attention network to the salience‐executive network: a pathway involving cognitive, executive, and emotion‐related cortices. We hypothesized that this weaker dynamic pathway is due to a subtle trigger challenging the cognitive state prior to the resting state.
The impact of a dose of the angiotensin receptor blocker valsartan on post‐myocardial infarction ventricular remodelling
Authors: Park Kyungil , Kim Young‐Dae , Kim Ki‐Sik , Lee Su‐Hoon , Park Tae‐Ho , Lee Sang‐Gon , Kim Byung‐Soo , Hur Seung‐Ho , Yang Tae‐Hyun , Oh Joo‐Hyun , Hong Taek‐Jong , Park Jong‐Sun , Hwang Jin‐Yong , Jeong Byungcheon , Bae Woo‐Hyung ,   VALID Investigators
Published: January 2018

AbstractAimsAlthough clinical guidelines advocate the use of the highest tolerated dose of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers after acute myocardial infarction (MI), the optimal dosing or the risk–benefit profile of different doses have not been fully identified.Methods and resultsIn this multicentre trial, 495 Korean patients with acute ST segment elevation MI and subnormal left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (<50%) were randomly allocated (2:1) to receive maximal tolerated dose of valsartan (titrated up to 320 mg/day, n = 333) or low‐dose valsartan (80 mg/day, n = 162) treatment. The primary objective was to assess the changes in echocardiographic parameters of LV remodelling from baseline to 12 months after discharge. After treatment, end‐diastolic LV volume (LVEDV) decreased significantly in the low‐dose group, but the difference in LVEDV changes was insignificant between the maximal‐tolerated‐dose and low‐dose groups. End‐systolic LV volume decreased significantly in both groups, to a similar degree between groups. LV ejection fraction rose significantly in both study groups, to a similar degree. Changes in plasma levels of neurohormones were also comparable between the two groups. Drug‐related adverse effects occurred more frequently in the maximal‐tolerated‐dose group than in the low‐dose group (7.96 vs. 0.69%, P < 0.001).ConclusionsIn the present study, treatment with the maximal tolerated dose of valsartan did not exhibit a superior effect on post‐MI LV remodelling compared with low‐dose treatment and was associated with a greater frequency of adverse effect in Korean patients. Further study with a sufficient number of cases and statistical power is warranted to verify the findings of the present study.
Optimization of Novel Oil Extraction Technique From Canola Seeds: Lecithin‐Based Microemulsion
Authors: Radi Mohsen , Abbasi Soleiman 
Published: January 2018

Nowadays, solvent (hexane) based oil extraction is a widely used commercial technique and there are a number of environmental, economic, and health related concerns. Overcoming such serious issues is driving research to develop alternative safe methods. In the present study, a novel technique, using lecithin‐based microemulsion system, is developed for canola oil extraction. At first, pseudoternary phase diagrams of canola oil/lecithin/propanol/water microemulsions are constructed and the effect of temperature on microemulsion formation was evaluated. So that, (lecithin/propanol)/water microemulsion premixes ([2:1]50:50 and [2:3]80:20) are selected for optimization (temperature, exposure time, premix:canola seeds ratio, and agitation rate) of oil extraction from canola seeds using one factor at a time design. Based on “one factor at a time” design, the highest extraction yield (82.6% wt) achieved at 60 °C, 60 min, 6:1 premix:canola seeds ratio without agitation; the premix composition was (lecithin/propanol)/water (2:1)50:50. From quality point of views, the microemulsion‐based extracted oils has lower peroxide value, higher acidity, as well as low phosphorous and lecithin contents in comparison with hexane extracted one. This technique confirms its simultaneous extraction, recovery, and solubilization capabilities which can be used for oil extraction and food formulation.Practical Applications: For many decades, vegetable oils are commonly extracted by mechanical pressing or extraction with solvents such as hexane. Hexane, a highly volatile and flammable solvent which requires expensive equipment for safe operation, is classified as a hazardous air pollutant and occupational exposure to n‐hexane can cause neurological symptoms and other health defects. Overcoming these serious issues is driving research to develop alternative safe methods such as microemulsion technique. This study introduces a novel technique using lecithin‐based microemulsion systems for extraction of edible oils from oilseeds. This technique, as a low energy consuming method, has great potency for being used as a safe and green oil extraction technique which is the developing direction for not only the dominant oil resources but also nutrient lipids which can be easily dissolvable in aqueous food and pharmaceutical formulations.Accurate ratios of canola seeds, lecithin, 1‐propanol and water at a moderate temperature were used to create a nano‐size canola oil lecithin‐based microemulsion which was then simply demulsified at lower temperature in order to separate the extracted oil (see picture). This technique as a low energy consuming, straightforward and environmentally friendly method could be used for solublization and extraction of oil from various sources.
Thermal, Mechanical, and Morphological Properties of Rigid Crude Glycerol‐Based Polyurethane Foams Reinforced With Nanoclay and Microcrystalline Cellulose
Authors: Qi Xiaoge , Zhang Yongsheng , Chang Chun , Luo Xiaolan , Li Yebo 
Published: January 2018

The enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) achieved through a cost‐effective and sustainable approach remains an ongoing interest in both industry and academia. In this study, water‐blown rigid polyurethane (PU) foams based on crude glycerol (CG) polyol are developed and halloysite nanotubes (HN) and microcrystalline cellulose (MC) with different loadings of 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0% are incorporated to improve the performance of the foams, respectively. Effects of different loadings of HN or MC on the viscosity of CG polyols and the foaming process are investigated. CG‐based polyurethane (CGPU) foams and their foam composites (CG‐HN PU foams and CG‐MC PU foams) are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results reveal that HN is easier to disperse uniformly in the CG polyol than MC and CGPU foams with 1.0% of HN and MC shows significantly improved performance. Their compressive strength increases by 3.8 and 12.5%, respectively, as the HN and MC loadings increases from 0 to 1.0%. The thermal conductivities of CG PU foams reinforced with 1.0% of HN and MC are 37.79 and 37.94 mWm−1K−1, which are lower than that (38.24 mWm−1K−1) of CGPU foams without the addition of fillers. Moreover, compared to CGPU foams, both CG‐HN PU foams and CG‐MC PU foams show improved thermal stabilities, and the latter is higher than the former.Practical Applications: Different fillers (HN and MC) are used to reinforce the CG‐based polyurethane, and water‐blown rigid PU biofoam composites with improved properties are prepared. The use of fillers (HN and MC) has the potential for the production of advanced CG‐based rigid PU foams.Water‐blown rigid crude glycerol‐based polyurethane foams (PU) reinforced with halloysite nanotubes (HN) and microcrystalline cellulose (MC). The results reveal that HN is easier to disperse uniformly in the CG polyol than MC and CGPU foams with 1.0% of HN and MC show significantly improved performance. The thermal conductivities of CG PU foams reinforced with 1.0% of HN and MC are 37.79 and 37.94 mWm−1K−1, which are lower than that of CGPU foams without the addition of fillers. Moreover, compared to CGPU foams, both CG‐HN PU foams and CG‐MC PU foams show improved thermal stabilities.
Prediction of activation patterns preceding hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia using machine learning with structured sparsity
Authors: de Pierrefeu Amicie , Fovet Thomas , Hadj‐Selem Fouad , Löfstedt Tommy , Ciuciu Philippe , Lefebvre Stephanie , Thomas Pierre , Lopes Renaud , Jardri Renaud , Duchesnay Edouard 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDespite significant progress in the field, the detection of fMRI signal changes during hallucinatory events remains difficult and time‐consuming. This article first proposes a machine‐learning algorithm to automatically identify resting‐state fMRI periods that precede hallucinations versus periods that do not. When applied to whole‐brain fMRI data, state‐of‐the‐art classification methods, such as support vector machines (SVM), yield dense solutions that are difficult to interpret. We proposed to extend the existing sparse classification methods by taking the spatial structure of brain images into account with structured sparsity using the total variation penalty. Based on this approach, we obtained reliable classifying performances associated with interpretable predictive patterns, composed of two clearly identifiable clusters in speech‐related brain regions. The variation in transition‐to‐hallucination functional patterns not only from one patient to another but also from one occurrence to the next (e.g., also depending on the sensory modalities involved) appeared to be the major difficulty when developing effective classifiers. Consequently, second, this article aimed to characterize the variability within the prehallucination patterns using an extension of principal component analysis with spatial constraints. The principal components (PCs) and the associated basis patterns shed light on the intrinsic structures of the variability present in the dataset. Such results are promising in the scope of innovative fMRI‐guided therapy for drug‐resistant hallucinations, such as fMRI‐based neurofeedback.