bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Fancy Calculating Machine’: Computers and planning in independent India
Authors: MENON NIKHIL 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn the middle of the twentieth century, statistician P. C. Mahalanobis strove to haul India into the computer age. Convinced that these machines were integral to the future of economic planning in India, he and the Indian Statistical Institute mounted a campaign to bring India its first computers. In the years following independence, Mahalanobis and the Indian Statistical Institute acquired significant influence in the Indian planning process—culminating in them effectively authoring India's Second Five-Year Plan (1956–61). The tale of the computer's journey to India demonstrates that the decision to centrally plan independent India's economy, and the resultant explosion of official statistics, provided the justification for the pursuit of computers. They potentially solved what was considered centralized planning's greatest puzzle: big data. Mahalanobis persuaded the Indian government of the need to import computers for the purposes of development, and then negotiated the import of these exorbitantly expensive machines during visits to Europe, the United States of America and the Soviet Union. Needless to say, the question of which country would provide India its first computers would ruffle Cold War feathers. This article brings together and identifies a link between the research activities of the Indian Statistical Institute, its deepening association with economic planning and the installation of India's earliest computers.
Ownership of parrots in Madagascar: extent and conservation implications
Authors: Reuter Kim E. , Rodriguez Lucia , Hanitriniaina Sahondra , Schaefer Melissa S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe trade of live parrots is a threat to wild populations but is understudied. Madagascar is home to three parrot species listed on CITES Appendix II:Coracopsis nigra,Coracopsis vasaandAgapornis canus. Prior to this study there were no data on the ownership of parrots in Madagascar. We therefore aimed to investigate the extent of the domestic pet trade in this group. Our objectives were to quantify the prevalence, spatial extent, and timing of ownership. We collected data in July and August 2016 in nine urban towns across Madagascar, using semi-structured household surveys (n = 440). We found that the ownership of pet parrots is widespread in time and space; 37% (95% CI 26–48%) of interviewees had seen, and 8% (95% CI 3–13%) had owned, aCoracopsissp. Fewer interviewees (4.5% of all interviewees) had seenA. canusin captivity, and only one individual reported having previously owned anA. canus. We estimate that 1,290Coracopsisspp. individuals were held in captivity in the towns surveyed, in the 1.5 years prior to our interviews. It is likely that much of this ownership is illegal, although we did not examine this explicitly. Additional research is needed to determine whether current extraction rates are sustainable. This study adds to a growing body of evidence that the domestic regulation of the trade of wild species is not being addressed adequately in Madagascar.
Barriers to and facilitators and perceptions of nut consumption among the general population in New Zealand
Authors: Yong Lee Ching , Gray Andrew R , Chisholm Alex , Leong Sook Ling , Tey Siew Ling , Brown Rachel C 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveDespite considerable evidence supporting the health benefits of regular nut consumption, nut intakes remain lower than recommended among many populations. Understanding how the general population perceives nuts could inform strategies to promote regular nut consumption and increase intakes among the general public.DesignCross-sectional study. Participants were invited to complete a questionnaire which included information on nut consumption and knowledge and perceptions of nuts.SettingThe study was set in New Zealand (NZ).SubjectsParticipants (n 1600), aged 18 years or over, were randomly selected from the NZ electoral roll.ResultsA total of 710 participants completed the questionnaire (response rate 44 %). More than half of the respondents believed that nuts are healthy, filling, high in protein and high in fat. The most common reason cited by consumers for eating nuts was taste (86 % for nuts, 85 % for nut butters), while dental issues was the most frequent reason for avoidance. About 40 % of respondents were not aware of the effects of nut consumption on lowering blood cholesterol and CVD risk.ConclusionsDespite overall basic knowledge of the nutritional value of nuts, a substantial proportion of the general population was unaware of the cardioprotective effects of nuts. The present study identified common motivations for eating and avoiding nuts, as well as perceptions of nuts which could affect intake. These should guide the content and direction of public health messages to increase regular nut consumption. The public’s knowledge gaps should also be addressed.
Regional variation in health is predominantly driven by lifestyle rather than genetics
Authors: Amador Carmen , Xia Charley , Nagy Réka , Campbell Archie , Porteous David , Smith Blair H. , Hastie Nick , Vitart Veronique , Hayward Caroline , Navarro Pau , Haley Chris S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractRegional differences in health-related phenotypes have been detected between and within countries. In Scotland, regions differ for a variety of health-related traits and display differences in mean lifespan of up to 7.5 years. Both genetics and lifestyle differences are potential causes of this variation. Using data on obesity-related traits of ~11,000 Scottish individuals with genome-wide genetic information and records of lifestyle and socioeconomic factors, we explored causes of regional variation by using models that incorporate genetic and environmental information jointly. We found that variation between individuals within regions showed substantial influence of both genetic variation and family environment. Regional variation for most obesity traits was associated with lifestyle and socioeconomic variables, such as smoking, diet and deprivation which are potentially modifiable. There was limited evidence that regional differences were of genetic origin. This has important implications for healthcare policies, suggesting that inequalities can be tackled with appropriate social and economic interventions.
Effects of α-conotoxin ImI on TNF-α, IL-8 and TGF-β expression by human macrophage-like cells derived from THP-1 pre-monocytic leukemic cells
Authors: Padilla Alberto , Keating Patricia , Hartmann James X. , Marí Frank 
Published: October 2017

Abstractα7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ubiquitous in the nervous system and ensure important neurophysiological functionality for many processes. However, they are also found in cells of the immune system, where their role has been less studied. Here we report the pro-inflammatory effect of ImI, a well characterized conotoxin that inhibits α7 nAChRs, on differentiated THP-1 pre-monocyte macrophages (MDM) obtained by phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate (PMA) treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) performed on supernatant fluids of LPS challenged MDM showed ImI-mediated upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α in an ImI concentration-dependent manner from 0.5 to 5.0 µmol/L and for IL-8 up to 1.0 µmol/L. Levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-β remained practically unaffected in ImI treated MDMs. Nicotine at 10 µmol/L significantly downregulated the release of TNF-α, but showed a lesser effect on IL-8 secretion and no effect on TGF-β. Fluorescent competitive assays involving ImI, α-bungarotoxin and nicotine using MDM and the murine macrophage RAW 264.7 suggest a common binding site in the α7 receptor. This work extends the application of conotoxins as molecular probes to non-excitatory cells, such as macrophages and supports the involvement of the α7 nAChR in regulating the inflammatory response via the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP).
Conformal Vortex Crystals
Authors: Menezes Raí M. , Silva Clécio C. de Souza 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe investigate theoretically globally nonuniform configurations of quantized-flux vortices in clean superconductors trapped by an external force field that induces a nonuniform vortex density profile. Using an extensive series of numerical simulations, we demonstrate that, for suitable choices of the force field, and bellow a certain transition temperature, the vortex system self-organizes into highly inhomogeneous conformal crystals in a way as to minimize the total energy. These nonuniform structures are topologically ordered and can be mathematically mapped into a triangular Abrikosov lattice via a conformal transformation. Above the crystallization temperature, the conformal vortex crystal becomes unstable and gives place to a nonuniform polycrystalline structure. We propose a simple method to engineer the potential energy profile necessary for the observation of conformal crystals of vortices, which can also be applied to other 2D particle systems, and suggest possible experiments in which conformal or quasi-conformal vortex crystals could be observed in bulk superconductors and in thin films.
SRVF, a novel herbal formula including Scrophulariae Radix and Viticis Fructus, disrupts focal adhesion and causes detachment-induced apoptosis in malignant cancer cells
Authors: Kim Aeyung , Im Minju , Ma Jin Yeul 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWhen cells lose adhesion, they undergo detachment-induced apoptosis, known as anoikis. In contrast, tumor cells acquire resistance to anoikis, enabling them to survive, even after separating from neighboring cells or the ECM. Therefore, agents that restore anoikis sensitivity may serve as anti-cancer candidates. In this study, we constructed a novel herbal formula, SRVF, which contains Scrophulariae Radix (SR) and Viticis Fructus (VF). SRVF rapidly decreased cell adhesion, altered the cell morphology to round, and induced cell death; however, SR, VF, or their co-treatment did not. SRVF arrested HT1080 cells in G2/M phase, increased the levels of pro-apoptotic proteins, and decreased the levels of anti-apoptotic proteins. Furthermore, SRVF efficiently reduced cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions by disrupting the F-actin cytoskeleton and down-regulating the levels of focal adhesion-related proteins, suggesting that SRVF efficiently triggers detachment-induced apoptosis (i.e., anoikis) in malignant cancer cells. In xenograft mouse models, daily oral administration of 50 or 100 mg/kg SRVF retarded tumor growth in vivo, and repeated administration of SRVF did not cause systemic toxicity in normal mice. These data collectively indicate that SRVF induces cancer cell death by restoring anoikis sensitivity via disrupting focal adhesion. Therefore, SRVF may be a safe and potent anti-cancer herbal decoction.
Therapie mit der Faszienrolle
Authors: Dennenmoser Stefan 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungDas Training mit der Hartschaumrolle ist die wohl bekannteste Variante des Faszientrainings. Anwender schätzen den schnellen Effekt
hinsichtlich Schmerzreduktion und Zunahme der Beweglichkeit. Es bewährt sich zudem als Hausaufgabe für Patienten. Das macht den Einsatz der
Rolle für Therapeuten interessant.
Markedness effects in applicative formation
Authors: Malchukov Andrej L. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The article discusses different types of applicative polysemy, focusing on cases of voice ambivalence, that is cases when the same valency marker performs different functions, depending on the semantic and syntactic properties of the verb stem to which it applies (in particular whether the verb is intransitive, transitive or ditransitive). The attested patterns of polysemy (applicative-causative, applicative-antipassive, as well as polysemies involving different kinds of applicatives) are explained in terms of the shared syntactic components. These selective similarities between individual voice markers can be captured by a semantic map, as manifestation of local markedness in the domain of voice categories.
Two types of locative alternation
Authors: Mateu Jaume 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Talmy’s (1991, 2000) well-known typological distinction between satellite-framed languages and verb-framed languages can be shown to be relevant when arguing for two types of locative alternation. In particular, I deal with this typological variation in the light of a formal distinction between incorporation and conflation (see Haugen 2009; Mateu 2012 and Acedo-Matellán 2013, i.a.). According to the Talmian typology, verb-framed languages (i.e., those languages where Path/Result lack independent morphophonological status with respect to the verbal root) are predicted to lack the satellite-framed pattern of locative alternation variants that involve Manner conflation (e.g., Sue sewed up the entire dress with buttons; cf. Sue sewed buttons on the dress). In contrast, locative alternation variants that only involve Result incorporation (e.g., The children loaded the stones on the cart / The children loaded the cart with stones) are expected to be found in verb-framed languages. Special attention will also be paid to the ungrammaticality triggered by the elimination of the satellite in locative alternation variants like Sue sewed *(up) the dress with buttons or John poured the glass *(full) with water. Their ill-formedness will be shown to run parallel to that of satellite-framed constructions like John danced the night *(away) or John *(out)danced Sue, which, descriptively speaking, have been said to involve an increase of the verb valency thanks to the presence of a Path/Result satellite.
First Report of Tomato Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum Biovar 1 in Puerto Rico
Authors: Romero Gabriela C. , de Jensen Consuelo Estévez , Palmateer Aaron J. 
Published: October 2017

Bacterial wilt affected tomatoes in Coamo, Aguada and Lares, Puerto Rico. The characterization of the causal agent was conducted with serological and molecular tests. Kock's postulates confirmed that the disease was produced by Ralstonia solanaceraum biovar 1. Accepted for publication 1 February 2013. Published 18 April 2013.
Surface Modifications of the PMMA Optic of a Keratoprosthesis to Improve Biointegration
Authors: Riau Andri K. , Venkatraman Subbu S. , Dohlman Claes H. , Mehta Jodhbir S. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract:
Biointegration of a keratoprosthesis (KPro) is critical for the mitigation of various long-term postoperative complications. Biointegration of a KPro occurs between the haptic skirt (corneal graft) and the central optic [poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)]. Various studies have highlighted common problems associated with poor bonding and biointegration between these 2 incompatible biomaterials. Resolution of these issues could be achieved by surface modification of the inert material (PMMA). A calcium phosphate (CaP) coating deposited on dopamine-activated PMMA sheets by simulated body fluid incubation (d-CaP coating) was shown to improve adhesion to collagen type I (main component of corneal stroma) compared with untreated PMMA and PMMA with other surface modifications. However, the d-CaP coating could easily undergo delamination, thereby reducing its potential for modification of KPro optical cylinders. In addition, the coating did not resemble the Ca and P composition of hydroxyapatite (HAp). A novel dip-coating method that involves the creation of cavities to trap and immobilize HAp nanoparticles on the PMMA surface was introduced to address the problems associated with the d-CaP coating. The newly obtained coating offered high hydrophilicity, resistance to delamination, and preservation of the Ca and P composition of HAp. These advantages resulted in improved adhesion strength by more than 1 order of magnitude compared with untreated PMMA. With respect to biointegration, human corneal stromal fibroblasts were able to adhere strongly and proliferate on HAp-coated PMMA. Furthermore, the new coating technique could be extended to immobilization of HAp nanoparticles on 3-mm-diameter PMMA cylinders, bringing it closer to clinical application.
Activity interruptions by pain impair activity resumption, but not more than activity interruptions by other stimuli: an experimental investigation
Authors: Gatzounis Rena , Schrooten Martien G.S. , Crombez Geert , Vlaeyen Johan W.S. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Interrupting ongoing activities whilst intending to resume them later is a natural response to pain. Whereas this response facilitates pain management, at the same time it may also disrupt task performance. Previous research has shown that activity interruptions by pain impair subsequent resumption of the activity, but not more than pain-irrelevant interruptions. Ongoing task complexity and pain threat value might influence interruption effects. In this experiment, we adjusted a paradigm from outside the field of pain to investigate how activity interruptions by pain affect task performance. Healthy participants (n = 69) were required to answer a series of questions, in a specific sequence, about presented letter-digit combinations. This ongoing task was occasionally interrupted by painful electrocutaneous or nonpainful vibrotactile stimulation (between-subjects), followed by a typing task. On interruption completion, participants were required to resume the ongoing task at the next step of the question sequence. Results indicate impaired sequence accuracy (less frequent resumption at the correct step of the sequence) but preserved nonsequence accuracy (similarly frequent correct responses to question content) immediately after an interruption. Effects were not larger for interruptions by pain compared with nonpain. Furthermore, participants in the 2 conditions reported similar task experience, namely task motivation, perceived difficulty, and confidence to resume the interrupted task. Pain catastrophizing did not influence the results. As in previous studies, activity interruptions by pain were shown to impair the resumption of a task that requires keeping to a step sequence, but not more than interruptions by nonpainful stimuli. Potential explanations are discussed.
Child With Red Eye and Blurry Vision
Authors: Song Joo Lee , Elkhunovich Marsha , Rankin Jessica Hersman 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Point-of-care ocular ultrasound can provide the clinician with more information about potential intraorbital and extraocular pathology, especially in cases when direct visualization of the eye is limited. This case report describes the findings in a pediatric patient who presented with a 1-month history of eye injection and worsening blurry vision. After point-of-care ultrasound demonstrated abnormal debris in the posterior vitreous cavity, subsequent evaluation revealed a diagnosis of pars planitis.
Advancing the skill set of SCM graduates – an active learning approach
Authors: Scholten Kirstin , Dubois Anna 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
Drawing on a novel approach to active learning in supply chain management, the purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze how the students’ learning process as well as their learning outcomes are influenced by the learning and teaching contexts.

Design/methodology/approach
A case study of a master’s level purchasing course carried out at two universities in which students work in projects resulting in jointly authored books.

Findings
The findings show how the teaching context influenced the learning process and the learning outcomes. Active involvement, self-directed learning, collaborative learning and learning from practice enabled by the set-up of the course are identified as key mechanisms for the learning outcomes in relation to skills and content.

Originality/value
Increasingly, supply chain management graduates have to develop professional, practical, research as well as metacognitive and life-long learning skills during their university education. This paper identifies mechanisms and illustrates how educators can use the set-up of a course to enable students to engage in a learning process resulting in a variety of skills as well as specific content-based aspects of knowledge.
Exploring servitization in China
Authors: Raja Jawwad Z. , Frandsen Thomas 
Published: October 2017

PurposePrevious research has predominately focused on the servitization strategies of western manufacturers in advanced economies, neglecting the potential for servitization in those which are emerging, such as China. The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of the external service partner network of a European manufacturer providing services in China, in order to develop a better understanding of the resulting and associated challenges.Design/methodology/approachAn in-depth case study approach was used to examine the parent company, its subsidiary in China and the related service partner network. Data collection involved all three actors and took place in Denmark and China.FindingsThe findings suggest that motivation, opportunity and ability (MOA) need not only be mutually reinforcing for the organization attempting to move toward services but also aligned between organizational units, as well as with the service partner network. Furthermore, the findings suggest that while service partners are typically closer to the market, they may not be able to deliver the higher value-added services requiring customization.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited to a single manufacturer attempting servitization in China. Future studies may consider other case firms in other markets.Practical implicationsThe MOA framework provides a basis for understanding the managerial challenges of aligning and coordinating the MOA elements amongst different actors.Originality/valueThis paper contributes by exploring servitization in an emerging market through the MOA framework in order to better understand the challenges and complexities. Servitization is found to be a dynamic phenomenon which should be understood as a movement that is also dependent on an external service partner possessing the necessary capabilities. In turn, this requires understanding the MOAs of all actors in a network and how they may be influenced in order for the MOA elements to be mutually reinforcing.
Board characteristics and real performance in Malaysian state-owned enterprises (SOEs)
Authors: Shawtari Fekri Ali , Har Sani Mohamad Muslim , Abdul Rashid Hafiz Majdi , Ayedh Abdullah Moh’d 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between board characteristics and real performance among state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Malaysia in a longitudinal period following the introduction of transformation policy.Design/methodology/approachThe study deviates from prior research in utilising a real performance measure rather than traditional measures of performance. The authors adopt the quantile regression approach to examine the impact of board characteristics on real performance in a comparison using ordinary least squares.FindingsThe results of quantile regression reveal that the impact of board mechanisms on real performance was not as expected. Specifically, board size and duality had a bearing on real performance. Board independence also is considered as influential factor through the time. However, such effects were not homogenous across different quantiles. The dummy year variable to compare the period pre- and post-transformation policy reveals that the dummy year is not significant, indicating that performance post-transformation is indifferent compared to the pre-transformation policy period.Practical implicationsIt is important for government to reconsider the policies embedded in the transformation policy. This study provides insights on the enhancement of board effectiveness and new developments regarding GLCs.Originality/valueThis is an early to attempt to measure real performance and its link to board characteristics in SOEs post-transformation policy.