bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversed graph embedding resolves complex single-cell developmental trajectories
Authors: Qiu Xiaojie , Mao Qi , Tang Ying , Wang Li , Chawla Raghav , Pliner Hannah , Trapnell Cole 
Published: February 2017

AbstractOrganizing single cells along a developmental trajectory has emerged as a powerful tool for understanding how gene regulation governs cell fate decisions. However, learning the structure of complex single-cell trajectories with two or more branches remains a challenging computational problem. We present Monocle 2, which uses reversed graph embedding to reconstruct single-cell trajectories in a fully unsupervised manner. Monocle 2 learns an explicit principal graph to describe the data, greatly improving the robustness and accuracy of its trajectories compared to other algorithms. Monocle 2 uncovered a new, alternative cell fate in what we previously reported to be a linear trajectory for differentiating myoblasts. We also reconstruct branched trajectories for two studies of blood development, and show that loss of function mutations in key lineage transcription factors diverts cells to alternative branches on the a trajectory. Monocle 2 is thus a powerful tool for analyzing cell fate decisions with single-cell genomics.
COPII-coated membranes function as transport carriers of intracellular procollagen-1
Authors: Gorur Amita , Yuan Lin , Kenny Samuel J , Baba Satoshi , Xu Ke , Schekman Randy 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe coat protein complex II (COPII) is essential for the secretion of large cargo, such as the 300 nm precursor fibrils of procollagen I (PC1). Previous work has shown that the CUL3-KLHL12 complex increases the size of COPII vesicles to over 300 nm in diameter and accelerates the secretion of PC1; however, the role of large COPII vesicles as PC1 transport carriers was not unambiguously demonstrated. In this study, using stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), correlated light electron microscopy (CLEM), and live cell imaging we report the existence of mobile COPII-coated vesicles that completely encapsulate the cargo PC1 and are physically separated from ER. We have also developed a cell-free COPII vesicle budding reaction that reconstitutes the capture of PC1 into large COPII vesicles. This process requires COPII proteins and the GTPase activity of the COPII subunit SAR1. We conclude fromin vivoandin vitroevidence that large COPII vesicles arebona fidecarriers of PC1.SummaryCOPII may play a direct or indirect role in the traffic of large protein complexes such as procollagen. Using high resolution imaging techniques in intact cells and in vitro reconstituted vesicles, Gorur et al. show that COPII coated vesicles carry procollagen1.
Soil classification predicts differences in prokaryotic communities across a range of geographically distant soils once pH is accounted for
Authors: Kaminsky Rachel , Trouche Blandine , Morales Sergio E. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAgricultural land is typically managed based on visible plant life at the expense of the belowground majority. However, microorganisms mediate processes sustaining plant life and the soil environment. To understand the role of microbes we first must understand what controls soil microbial community assembly. We assessed the distribution and composition of prokaryotic communities from soils representing four geographic regions on the South Island of New Zealand. These soils are under three different uses (dairy, sheep and beef, and high country farming) and are representative of major soil classification groups (brown, pallic, gley and recent). We hypothesized that pH would account for major community patterns based on 16S profiles, but that land use and location would be secondary modifiers. Community diversity and structure was linked to pH, coinciding with land use. Soil classification correlated with microbial community structure and evenness, but not richness in high country and sheep and beef communities. The impact of land use and pH remained significant at the regional scale, but soil classification provided support for community variability not explained by either of those factors. These results suggest that several edaphic properties must be examined at multiple spatial scales to robustly examine soil prokaryotic communities.
The role of audit quality and culture influence on earnings management in companies with excessive free cash flow
Authors: Astami Emita W. , Rusmin Rusmin , Hartadi Bambang , Evans John 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of culture and audit quality on managers’ decisions regarding accounting accruals. It focuses on companies experiencing excessive free cash flow, as these companies have been associated with an agency problem.

Design/methodology/approach
This study measures the magnitude of discretionary accruals as a proxy for earnings management using the cross-sectional modified Jones model. Excessive free cash flow is scrutinized by the method used by Chung et al. (2005). Listed companies in nine countries in the Asia-Pacific region are represented in this study. The statistical analyses are used to examine the influence of cultural aspect, the role of external monitoring by high-quality auditors and the earnings management practice in the companies with excessive free-cash-flow.

Findings
The empirical results presented in this paper provide support for the proposition that managers of companies with excessive free-cash-flow will make investment decisions that are not always in the best interest of the shareholders and use accounting discretion to increase reported earnings. This study provides empirical evidence that these companies have been associated with an agency problem and the role of external auditor persists in a setting, where cultural differences prevail in across countries.

Practical implications
In cross-border trade and investment, the findings provide the opportunity to exploit a setting, where cultural differences prevail, whereas other potentially influential variables, including the role of external monitoring by high-quality auditors, are relatively constant across countries.

Originality/value
Previous studies (Leuz et al., 2003; and Enomoto et al., 2015) examine factors influencing earnings management internationally have concentrated on legal institutions and investor protection. Han et al. (2010) completed a cross-country study on the effects of national culture on earnings management. This study focuses on companies across countries experiencing with excessive free cash flow and examines the cultural aspect and the effectiveness of external monitoring by high-quality auditors operating in different countries in mitigating managerial opportunism.
The effect of the dependence on the work of other auditors on error in analysts’ earnings forecasts
Authors: Noh Minyoung , Park Hyunyoung , Cho Moonkyung 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the effect of audit quality of consolidated financial statements on the accuracy of analysts’ earnings forecasts from the viewpoint of users of financial statements.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper investigates the effect of dependence on the work of other auditors on error in analysts’ earnings forecasts based on samples from 2011 to 2012 (the period since implementation of the International Financial Reporting Standards in Korea). In addition, this paper examines the effects of use of Big 4 auditors, use of auditors with industry expertise and the proportion of overseas subsidiaries in relation to all subsidiaries on the association between dependence on the work of other auditors and error in analysts’ earnings forecasts.

Findings
This paper finds a positive relation between dependence on the work of other auditors and error in analysts’ earnings forecasts, suggesting that more dependence on the work of other auditors decreases the quality of the audit of consolidated financial statements; thus, to the extent that low-quality audits decrease reporting reliability, analysts’ forecasts are less likely to be accurate. This paper also finds that the positive relationship between dependence on the work of other auditors and error in analysts’ earnings forecasts is weakened when the principal auditor is a Big 4 auditor or one with industry expertise, because such auditors provide higher-quality audit services. However, the positive relationship between dependence on the work of other auditors and error in analysts’ earnings forecasts is further strengthened in cases where the proportion of overseas subsidiaries to all subsidiaries is higher. These results suggest that the complexity of the consolidation process increases as the proportion of overseas subsidiaries increases.

Originality/value
The findings are useful in analyzing the effects of adoption of the New ISA, implemented in 2014, which does not allow the division of audit responsibilities between principal auditors and other auditors. This paper also provides insights for regulators and practitioners to improve the auditor appointment system in the future.
Conflict and creativity in inter-organizational teams
Authors: Hu Nan , Chen Zhi , Gu Jibao , Huang Shenglan , Liu Hefu 
Published: February 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the effects of task and relationship conflicts on team creativity, and the moderating role of shared leadership in inter-organizational teams. An inter-organizational team normally comprises employees from collaborated organizations brought together to conduct an initiative, such as product development. Practitioners and researchers have witnessed the prevalence of conflict in inter-organizational teams. Despite significant scholarly investigation into the importance of conflict in creativity, a deep theoretical understanding of conflict framework remains elusive.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire survey was conducted in China to collect data. Consequently, 54 teams, which comprised 54 team managers and 276 team members, were deemed useful for the study.FindingsBy testing our hypotheses on 54 inter-organizational teams, we found that relationship conflict has a negative relationship with team creativity, whereas task conflict has an inverted U-shaped (curvilinear) relationship with team creativity. Furthermore, when shared leadership is stronger, the negative relationship with team creativity is weaker for relationship conflict, whereas the inverted U-shaped relationship with team creativity is stronger for task conflict.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation is cross-sectional, which cannot establish causality in relationships. Despite this potential weakness, the present research provides insights into conflict, leadership and inter-organizational collaboration literature.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study offer some guidance on how managers can intervene in the conflict situations of inter-organizational teams.Social implicationsManagers are struggling to identify ways to effectively manage team conflict when a team of diverse individuals across organizational boundaries are brought together to solve a problem. The findings of this study offer some guidance on how managers can intervene in the conflict situations of inter-organizational teams.Originality/valueThis paper provides understandings about how relationship and task conflicts affect team creativity in inter-organizational teams.
Understanding top management team conflict, environmental uncertainty and firm innovativeness
Authors: Prasad Bhaskar , Junni Paulina 
Published: February 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to understand the impact of top management team (TMT) processes on firm innovativeness. Firm innovativeness is critical for organizational survival. Yet, the authors’ understanding about the key determinants of firm innovativeness is limited, particularly concerning the role of TMT dynamics. Drawing on upper echelon’s theory, the authors develop and test hypotheses concerning the influence of two TMT processes, namely affective conflict and cognitive conflict, on firm innovativeness. They also explore the boundary conditions of TMT dynamics by examining the moderating effect of environmental uncertainty on the relationship between TMT conflict (affective and cognitive conflict) and firm innovativeness.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected survey-based data from TMT members in 171 information technology organizations based in India. They used multiple regression analyses to test the study hypotheses.FindingsThe empirical findings indicate that TMT affective conflict is negatively associated with firm innovativeness, whereas TMT cognitive conflict has a negative curvilinear relationship with it. Both relationships are stronger in firms operating in environments characterized by a high degree of uncertainty.Originality/valueThis study highlights the role of TMT conflict in the pursuit of firm innovativeness. Significantly, the study shows that both TMT affective conflict and cognitive conflict can affect firm innovativeness. However, their effectiveness is contingent on environmental uncertainty. This contributes to the firm innovation literature by clarifying how specific types of TMT conflict influence firm innovativeness in different environmental conditions.
Examining preconception care-related knowledge and attitudes among Chinese immigrants in Canada
Authors: Teng Jing , Ahmed Rukhsana 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine knowledge and attitudes about preconception health care among Chinese immigrants in Canada.

Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional internet-based survey, informed by the principles of the health belief model, was administered to a convenience sample in Ottawa, Canada. In total, 76 respondents from the Chinese community participated in the online survey.

Findings
Overall, participants demonstrated: low to moderate awareness of preconception related risk factors and preconception health; neutral to slightly positive attitudes toward carrying out preconception care; considerable confusion over the differences among preconception care, premarital health care (Mainland China), and prenatal health care; great sensitivity to subjective norms related to spouses, parents, and friends; and a strong desire for receiving information and communication from health care professionals.

Practical implications
An emphasis on reducing misperceptions and offering information about the preconception period and potential severe pregnancy-related risks may contribute to a better knowledge and intended behavior toward preconception care among Chinese immigrants, and ultimately optimize both their reproductive health and their future children’s health.

Originality/value
The cultural norms and population policies in the sending country may frame immigrants’ knowledge and attitudes related to preconception health care. This study fills the gap in the literature regarding Chinese immigrants’ knowledge levels and attitudes toward preconception care in Canada and thus offers insights into how to deliver culturally competent care and design effective communication strategies to reach out to ethnocultural communities.
Attitudes of staff members towards development of elder care organizations
Authors: Endriulaitiene Aukse , Stelmokiene Aurelija , Geneviciute-Janoniene Giedre , Gustainiene Loreta , Jarasiunaite Gabija , Buksnyte-Marmiene Loreta 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate how perceived leadership effectiveness is related to staff members’ attitudes towards development of elderly care organizations in private and public institutions.

Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional quantitative survey was conducted using self-report questionnaire that contained Modified Leadership Effectiveness Questionnaire (Heck et al., 2000), the scale of attitude towards change from Preziosi’s Organizational Diagnosis Model (1980) and organizational development intentions measure developed for the study. The respondents were 510 Lithuanian social workers and other staff members employed in different public and private elderly care organizations.

Findings
The results revealed that perceived higher leadership effectiveness was associated with more positive employees’ judgements on organization’s readiness to change both in private and public sector elderly care organizations. But perceived leadership effectiveness was not associated with staff members’ intentions to change. Also it was found that different models for private and public sector that explained the importance of particular leadership behaviours in the prediction of employees’ judgements on organizational change and intentions to change were valid.

Originality/value
This study may add to further broaden knowledge on attitudes of staff members towards development of elderly care organization and the role of leadership effectiveness taking into account the type of organization.
The challenges of political representation: gender in a US State legislature
Authors: Spirou Mary Eve 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of women in the Georgia General Assembly and determines the impact of gender on the activities of state legislators, specifically in the areas of committee assignments and sponsored legislation from 2003 to 2014.

Design/methodology/approach
The approach set forth in this analysis seeks to answer four research questions employing quantitative data regarding female legislator involvement in activities of the state legislature and compare these findings with their male colleagues over a ten-year period.

Findings
Some of the key findings include that female representative sponsor fewer bills and participate in fewer committees than their male counterparts. The only legislative area female representatives exercise greater involvement is in government committees. The paper concludes with policy recommendations on how to address the current standing of women in the Georgia General Assembly.

Originality/value
A value of this analysis is that its content can support comparative work that can prove helpful to future research goals. As the most comprehensive analysis of its kind in Georgia, this paper contributes to a better understanding of the state legislature.
Investigating the influence of TQM, service quality and market orientation on customer satisfaction and loyalty in the Indian banking sector
Authors: Pattanayak Durgesh , Koilakuntla Maddulety , Punyatoya Plavini 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of total quality management (TQM) on service quality (SQ), market orientation (MO) and the subsequent effect on customer satisfaction (CS) and customer loyalty (CL). The research also analyses the direct effect of TQM on CS.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected from middle managers of retail banking sector in India using survey method. Structural equation modeling is used to analyze the data and to test the hypotheses.

Findings
The results show that TQM is positively associated with SQ, MO and CS. SQ and MO are significantly and positively associated with CS. CS subsequently leads to improved CL.

Practical implications
Enforcing TQM practices in their organizations as a change management tool, banks can achieve a greater degree of MO, improved SQ and higher CS to gain higher CL.

Originality/value
This paper empirically demonstrates that, by proper implementation of TQM in banks, the SQ and MO can be improved. Well implemented quality management practices, better customer service and market-focused attitude of banks will elevate the CS level and improve loyalty of customers toward the banks. With a little study has yet focused on India, the paper offers knowledge to banking professionals for increasing CL by effective implementation of TQM practices.
Total quality management and innovation
Authors: Maistry Kaylasson , Hurreeram Dinesh Kumar , Ramessur Vinaysing 
Published: February 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to illustrate the relationship between total quality management (TQM) and innovation and the way each impacts on the performance of agricultural research and development (R&D) organisations.Design/methodology/approachA gap score survey instrument based on the balanced scorecard approach, 25 most commonly reported TQM practices and two types of innovation were considered for data collection. Structural equation modelling was used for the analysis of the relationships between the surveyed constructs.FindingsA positive relationship between TQM, innovation and performance was observed. A hypothesised model depicting the complex relationships between the investigated constructs was developed.Practical implicationsThe model, which also predicts total effects of various organisational practices on performance, provides an opening for developing a TQM-innovation-performance framework for agricultural R&D organisations.Originality/valueThe survey instrument presents a novel approach for assessment of R&D policies and practices through determination of gap scores.
One-unit repairable systems with active and standby redundancy and fuzzy parameters
Authors: J. Fard Mahtab , Ameri Sattar , Hejazi Syed Reza , Zeinal Hamadani Ali 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a procedure to construct the membership functions for a one-unit repairable system, which has both active and standby redundancy. The coverage factor is the same for the operating and standby unit failure.

Design/methodology/approach
The α-cut approach is used to extract a family of conventional crisp intervals from the fuzzy repairable system for the desired system characteristics. This can be determined with a set of non-linear parametric programing using the membership functions.

Findings
When system characteristics are governed by the membership functions, more information is provided to use by management. On the other hand, fuzzy theory is applied for the redundant system; therefore, the results are more useful for designers and practitioners.

Originality/value
Different from other studies, the authors’ model provides more accurate estimation compared to uncertain environments based on fuzzy theory. The research would help managers and manufactures to make a better decision in order to have the optimal maintenance strategy based on the desired mean time to failure and availability of the systems.
Utilizing Kaizen process and DFSS methodology for new product development
Authors: Awad Mahmoud , Shanshal Yassir A. 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a new framework for early design stage utilizing the benefits of Kaizen events, and Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) methodology. To gain a better understanding of the proposed method, a case study of a diesel engine development was presented where the proposed methodology was followed.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper proposes a hybrid Kaizen DFSS methodology consisting of four Kaizen milestone events with pre-work preceding these events. The events are in line with the four phases of DFSS methodology (define, characterize, optimize, and verify).

Findings
In order for the proposed method to succeed, few key enablers should be available such as management buy-in and support, effective resources utilization, and proper planning. However, this methodology should be utilized for key projects where criticality is high and deadlines are nearby.

Practical implications
As proved by two projects, one of them is presented in this paper; the use of the proposed methodology is effective and can bring significant positive changes to an organization.

Originality/value
Although Kaizen is an old and well-known process, it is to the best of the author’s knowledge that Kaizen has not been utilized in the early design stages of new product development projects. In this paper, a hybrid methodology combining traditional DFSS systematic approach conducted using Kaizen improvement events is proposed and supported by a real-life case study.