bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multidisciplinary team meetings in community mental health: a systematic review of their functions
Authors: Nic a Bháird Caoimhe , Xanthopoulou Penny , Black Georgia , Michie Susan , Pashayan Nora , Raine Rosalind 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– Previous research has identified a need for greater clarity regarding the functions of multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings in UK community mental health services. The purpose of this paper is to identify the functions of these meetings by systematically reviewing both primary research and academic discussion papers.Design/methodology/approach– Papers relating to adult community mental health teams (CMHTs) in the UK and published between September 1999 and February 2014 were reviewed and appraised using NICE quality checklists. The search was broad in scope to include both general CMHTs and specialist CMHTs such as early intervention psychosis services and forensic mental health teams. A thematic synthesis of the findings was performed to develop an overarching thematic framework of the reported functions of MDT meetings.Findings– None of the 4,046 studies identified directly investigated the functions of MDT meetings. However, 49 mentioned functions in passing. These functions were categorised into four thematic domains: discussing the care of individual patients, teamwork, team management and learning and development. Several papers reported a lack of clarity about the purpose of MDT meetings and the roles of different team members which hindered effective collaboration.Practical implications– Without clearly agreed objectives for MDT meetings, monitoring their effectiveness is problematic. Unwarranted variation in their functioning may undermine the quality of care.Originality/value– This is the first systematic review to investigate the functions of CMHT MDT meetings in the UK. The findings highlight a need for empirical research to establish how MDT meetings are being used so that their effectiveness can be understood, monitored and evaluated.
Can two-sided messages increase the helpfulness of online reviews?
Authors: Chen Ming-Yi 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– Online reviews are increasingly available for a wide range of products and services. Several studies have demonstrated the benefits of the presence of customer reviews to an online retailer, but the issue of what makes online reviews helpful to a consumer in the process of making a purchase decision remains uninvestigated. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
– Given the strategic potential of online reviews, this study drew on past research to develop a conceptual understanding of the components of helpfulness and to further empirically test the model using actual online review data from iPeen.com in Taiwan. A content analysis of 989 reviews across four products identified the interplay effects of review sidedness, reviewer’s expertise, and product type on the helpfulness of an online review.

Findings
– For search goods, consumers consider two-sided reviews to be more helpful than one-sided reviews when the reviewers are experts in writing such articles, whereas they consider two-sided reviews to be equally helpful as one-sided reviews when the reviewers are novices. Conversely, for experience goods, consumers consider one-sided reviews to be more helpful than two-sided reviews when the reviewers are experts in writing review articles, but they consider one-sided reviews to be equally helpful as two-sided reviews when the reviewers are novices.

Practical implications
– With an understanding of how review sidedness affects online review helpfulness, online retailers could establish the policy for promoting the helpfulness of reviews more effectively.

Originality/value
– This research yields at least three important contributions: first, it contributes to the message sidedness literature by showing which arguments (one- or two-sided) are deemed to be helpful; second, it contributes to the online peer review literature by demonstrating the importance of considering product type and heuristic cues (i.e. the reviewer’s expertise) when explaining helpfulness; and third, the results in this research demonstrate that people are drawn to dual-processing; that is, the judgment of online review helpfulness is determined by heuristic cues (e.g. the status of the reviewer) and systematic processing (e.g. review content).
Being self in later life: maintaining continuity in the face of change
Authors: O'Rourke Gareth 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to build upon existing knowledge of personalisation through an improved understanding of how the use of personalised social care services can support older people’s sense of self. It contains perspectives that are helpful to the development of personalisation policy and practice and to the future commissioning of social care services.

Design/methodology/approach
– The research involved a qualitative study with eight participants in two local authority areas in England. A series of three in-depth interviews conducted with each participant over a four to six week period explored their experience of using (in one case refusing) a direct payment to meet their social care needs. Ethical approval was obtained prior to the start of fieldwork via the research ethics committee of the author’s home university.

Findings
– Two inter-related themes emerge as findings of the research. First, that the locus of personalisation resides within the interpersonal dynamics of helping relationships; participants experienced personalisation when carers helped to meet needs in ways that validated their narrative of self. Second, whilst the experience of personalisation is not strongly related to consumer choice, it is important that older people are able to exercise control over and within helping relationships.

Research limitations/implications
– This is a small scale qualitative study conducted with only eight participants. Whilst it offers valid insights into what constitutes personalisation and the processes by which it was achieved for the participants, caution is required in applying the findings more generally. With the exception of one case, the study is focused exclusively on first person accounts of older people. Future studies might usefully be designed to incorporate the accounts of other involved parties such as family members and paid carers.

Originality/value
– The paper provides an alternative way of approaching personalisation of social care services for older people by exploring it in terms of its impact on self. It identifies the development of accommodations of “special requirements of Self” in helping relationships as a key mechanism of personalisation. This offers a balance to the current focus on consumer choice and control through the development of market like mechanisms.
Exploring the Care Act’s potential for anti-discriminatory practice with lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans older people
Authors: Crossland John 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The planning and provision of care for older people in the lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans (LGBT) communities is an increasing challenge to traditional welfare systems. The purpose of this paper is to explore the potential of the newly implemented Care Act 2014 in England for developing an anti-discriminatory approach.

Design/methodology/approach
– The review draws on existing research and conceptual literature to identify how key provisions of the new act can be interpreted in light of current knowledge.

Findings
– Overall the provisions of the Care Act lend themselves well to positive interpretation in relation to the needs of older LGBT people and their support networks. A potential tension, however, arises in the locality focus of the legislation that could constrain good practice with geographically dispersed communities. There is also a need to challenge both heteronormative and ageist assumptions that lead to older LGBT people remaining unrecognised.

Practical implications
– Applied with imagination and commitment, the provisions of the new act could enable new forms of person-centred care to emerge to support older LGBT people.

Social implications
– Social workers are in a key position to influence how the Care Act is interpreted and applied in practice and can act as change agents for a societal move towards older LGBT people having greater choice and control over their well-being.

Originality/value
– This review presents examples of how the provisions of the legislation can be utilised to support positive change for older LGBT people.
The performance of risk prediction models for pre‐eclampsia using routinely collected maternal characteristics and comparison with models that include specialised tests and with clinical guideline decision rules: a systematic review
Authors: Al‐Rubaie ZTA , Askie LM , Ray JG , Hudson HM , Lord SJ 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundRisk prediction models may be valuable to identify women at risk of pre‐eclampsia to guide aspirin prophylaxis in early pregnancy.ObjectiveTo assess the performance of ‘simple’ risk models for pre‐eclampsia that use routinely collected maternal characteristics; compare with ‘specialised’ models that include specialised tests; and to guideline recommended decision rules.Search strategyMEDLINE, Embase and PubMed were searched to June 2014.Selection criteriaWe included studies that developed or validated pre‐eclampsia risk models using maternal characteristics with or without specialised tests and reported model performance.Data collection and analysisWe extracted data on study characteristics; model predictors, validation and performance including area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity.Main resultsWe identified 29 studies that developed 70 models including 22 simple models. Studies included 151–9149 women with a pre‐eclampsia prevalence of 1.2–9.5%. No single predictor was included in all models. Four simple models were externally validated, with a model using parity, pre‐eclampsia history, race, chronic hypertension and conception method to predict early‐onset pre‐eclampsia achieving the highestAUC(0.76, 95%CI0.74–0.77). Nine studies comparing simple versus specialized models in the same population reportedAUCfavouring specialised models. A simple model achieved fewer false positives than a guideline recommended risk factor list, but sensitivity to classify risk for aspirin prophylaxis was not assessed.ConclusionValidated simple pre‐eclampsia risk models demonstrate good risk discrimination that can be improved with specialised tests. Further research is needed to determine their clinical value to guide aspirin prophylaxis compared with decision rules.Tweetable abstractPre‐eclampsia risk models using maternal factors show good risk discrimination to guide aspirin prophylaxis.
Diagnostic workup for postmenopausal bleeding: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: van Hanegem N , Breijer MC , Slockers SA , Zafarmand MH , Geomini PMAJ , Catshoek R , Pijnenborg JMA , van der Voet LF , Dijkhuizen FPHLJ , van Hoecke GCR , Reesink‐Peters N , Veersema S , van Hooff MHA , van Kesteren PJM , Huirne JA , Opmeer BC , Bongers MY , Mol BWJ , Timmermans A 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of hysteroscopy for the detection and treatment of endometrial polyps versus expectant management in women with postmenopausal bleeding (PMB), a thickened endometrium and benign endometrial sampling.DesignMulticentre, randomised controlled trial.SettingThree academic hospitals and nine non‐academic teaching hospitals in the Netherlands.PopulationWomen with PMB, an endometrial thickness >4 mm and benign result from endometrial sampling.MethodsWomen were randomised to either further diagnostic workup by hysteroscopy (preceded by saline infusion sonography) or expectant management.Main outcomesThe primary outcome measure was recurrence of PMB within a year after randomisation. Secondary outcome measures were time to recurrent bleeding and recurrent bleeding after more than 1 year. In the hysteroscopy group, the presence of polyps and the results of their histology were registered.ResultsBetween January 2010 and October 2013, 200 women were randomised; 98 to hysteroscopy and 102 to expectant management. Within 1 year a total of 15 women (15.3%) in the hysteroscopy group experienced recurrent bleeding, versus 18 (18.0%) in the expectant management group (relative risk 0.85 (95% CI 0.46–1.59). In the hysteroscopy group, 50/98 (51%) polyps were diagnosed of which 6/98 (6%) showed evidence of endometrial (pre)malignancy; final pathology results after hysterectomy showed three women with hyperplasia with atypia and three women with endometrial cancer.ConclusionIn women with PMB, a thickened endometrium and benign endometrial sampling, operative hysteroscopy does not reduce recurrent bleeding. Hysteroscopy detected focal endometrial (pre)malignancy in 6% of women who had benign endometrial sampling. This finding indicates that in these women, further diagnostic workup is warranted to detect focal (pre)malignancies, missed by blind endometrial sampling.Tweetable abstractIn women with PMB, hysteroscopy does not reduce recurrent bleeding but is warranted to detect focal malignancy.
d‐Mannose: Properties, Production, and Applications: An Overview
Authors: Hu Xing , Shi Yaning , Zhang Peng , Miao Ming , Zhang Tao , Jiang Bo 
Published: May 2016

Abstractd‐Mannose is a C‐2 epimer of d‐glucose, which is a natural monosaccharide. It can be obtained from both plants and microorganisms. Chemical synthesis and biotransformation of d‐mannose from d‐fructose or d‐glucose by using d‐mannose isomerases, d‐lyxose isomerases, and cellobiose 2‐epimerase were intensively studied. d‐Mannose is an important component of polysaccharides and glycoproteins. It has been widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, and poultry industries, acting as the source of dietary supplements, starting material for the synthesis of drugs and blocking colonization in animal feeds. d‐Mannose is a glyconutrient with high research value in basic science because of its structure and function. This article presents a review of current studies on sources, characteristics, production, and application of d‐mannose.
The effect of host plants on genotype variability in fitness and honeydew composition of Aphis fabae
Authors: Schillewaert Sharon , Vantaux Amélie , Van den Ende Wim , Wenseleers Tom 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAphid species can be polyphagous, feeding on multiple host plants across genera. As host plant species can have large variation in their phloem composition, this can affect aphid fitness and honeydew composition. Previous research showed significant intraspecific genotype variation in the composition of the honeydew carbohydrates of the black bean aphid Aphis fabae, with the ant attractant trisaccharide melezitose showing especially large variation across different genotypes. In this study, we test if variation in melezitose and carbohydrate composition of aphid honeydew could be linked to the adaptation of specific aphid genotypes to particular host plants. To this end, 4 high and 5 low melezitose secreting genotypes of the black bean aphid Aphis fabae were reared on 4 common host plants: broad bean, goosefoot, beet, and poppy. The carbohydrate composition, and in particular melezitose secretion, showed important aphid genotype and host plant interactions, with some genotypes being high melezitose secreting on 1 host plant but not on another. However, the interaction effects were not paralleled in the fitness measurements, even though there were significant differences in the average fitness across the different host plants. On the whole, this study demonstrates that aphid honeydew composition is influenced by complex herbivore–plant interactions. We discuss the relevance of these findings in the context of ant–aphid mutualisms and adaptive specialization in aphids.
Quality Evaluation of Shelled and Unshelled Macadamia Nuts by Means of Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR)
Authors: Canneddu Giovanna , Júnior Luis Carlos Cunha , de Almeida Teixeira Gustavo Henrique 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe quality of shelled and unshelled macadamia nuts was assessed by means of Fourier transformed near‐infrared (FT‐NIR) spectroscopy. Shelled macadamia nuts were sorted as sound nuts; nuts infected by Ecdytolopha aurantiana and Leucopteara coffeella; and cracked nuts caused by germination. Unshelled nuts were sorted as intact nuts (<10% half nuts, 2014); half nuts (March, 2013; November, 2013); and crushed nuts (2014). Peroxide value (PV) and acidity index (AI) were determined according to AOAC. PCA‐LDA shelled macadamia nuts classification resulted in 93.2% accurate classification. PLS PV prediction model resulted in a square error of prediction (SEP) of 3.45 meq/kg, and a prediction coefficient determination value (Rp2) of 0.72. The AI PLS prediction model was better (SEP = 0.14%, Rp2 = 0.80). Although adequate classification was possible (93.2%), shelled nuts must not contain live insects, therefore the classification accuracy was not satisfactory. FT‐NIR spectroscopy can be successfully used to predict PV and AI in unshelled macadamia nuts, though.
A retrospective review of the economic impact of the food and drug administration's proposed egg rule
Authors: Minor Travis , Parrett Matt 
Published: May 2016

AbstractUsing novel 1998–2008 data collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on foodborne illnesses and outbreaks, we test using a difference‐in‐differences approach whether the Food and Drug Administration's proposed rule entitled “Prevention of Salmonella Enteritidis in Shell Eggs During Production” decreased the number of Salmonella illnesses associated with the consumption of shell eggs. We find that this rule led to a reduction in the number of Salmonella illnesses of between 308 and 434 illnesses per year, which we attribute to a reduction in the number of outbreaks associated with egg‐containing products rather than a reduction in the average number of illnesses reported in each outbreak.
Thickening of inner retinal layers in the parafovea after bariatric surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Brynskov Troels , Laugesen Caroline S. , Floyd Andrea K. , Sørensen Torben L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPurposeBariatric surgery dramatically improves the metabolic profile in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We have previously reported a thickening of the retina after bariatric surgery and aimed to investigate these subclinical changes in retinal thickness and vessel calibres in more detail.MethodsWe examined 51 patients with T2D 2 weeks before and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after bariatric surgery. Retinal thickness was measured with optical coherence tomography and automated segmentation in the fovea, parafovea and perifovea in each retinal layer. Retinal vessels were semiautomatically measured in a zone 0.5–1 disc diameters from the optic disc.ResultsThe total macula thickened with a peak after 6 months in both univariate (2.7 ± 0.4 μm, p < 0.001) and multivariate analysis (2.2 ± 0.7 μm, p = 0.001). The thickening was most prominent in the parafoveal ring 1–3 mm from the centre and in the retinal nerve fibre layer and outer nuclear layer. A fall in HbA1c (p = 0.01) and longer duration of diabetes (p = 0.01) were associated with more thickening. The central retinal artery equivalent widened 22.1 μm (±8.9, p = 0.01) in the multivariate analysis 12 months postoperatively. A reduction in blood pressure was associated with less widening of the arterioles (p = 0.01).ConclusionPatients with T2D had thickening of the retina after gastric bypass surgery with a peak 6 months postoperatively. The thickening was most pronounced in the retinal nerve fibre layer and the outer nuclear layer of the parafovea. In multivariate analysis, the central retinal artery equivalent increased at 12 months.
The efficacy and safety of either infliximab or adalimumab in 362 patients with anti‐TNF‐α naïve Crohn's disease
Authors: Narula N. , Kainz S. , Petritsch W. , Haas T. , Feichtenschlager T. , Novacek G. , Eser A. , Vogelsang H. , Reinisch W. , Papay P. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryBackgroundTNFα antagonists, including infliximab (IFX) and adalimumab (ADA), have revolutionised treatment for Crohn's disease. Studies comparing efficacy in patients with Crohn's disease naïve to TNFα antagonists are lacking.MethodsConsecutive TNFα antagonist‐naïve patients with luminal or perianal Crohn's disease from four tertiary centres in Austria were assessed prospectively for induction and maintenance efficacy, and safety, of either IFX or ADA.ResultsIn a total of 362 patients, 251 (69.3%) started IFX and 111 (30.7%) started ADA. At baseline, the median Harvey–Bradshaw Index (HBI) score was 8 (range 5–29) and 8 (5–36), and the median C‐reactive protein (CRP) was 1.07 (interquartile range (IQR) 1.36) mg/dL and 1.16 (IQR 1.23) mg/dL for IFX and ADA, respectively. At week 12, there was no difference between IFX and ADA among patients with luminal Crohn's disease in clinical remission (IFX 128/204; 62.7% vs. ADA 68/107; 63.6%, P = 0.47), clinical response (IFX 154/204; 75.5% vs. ADA 82/107; 76.6%, P = 0.82) and steroid‐free remission (IFX 110/204; 53.9% vs. ADA 61/107; 57%, P = 0.60). At 12 months, there were similar numbers of patients treated with IFX and ADA who maintained clinical remission (IFX 77/154; 50.4% vs. ADA 47/82; 57.3%, P = 0.48) and steroid‐free remission (IFX 68/154; 44.3% vs. ADA 44/82; 53.7%, P = 0.16). Baseline CRP >0.7 mg/dL (OR 0.24; 95% CI 0.07–0.77, P = 0.01) was the only predictor of clinical remission at 12 months in patients who did not have escalation of anti‐TNFα therapy.ConclusionIFX and ADA appear comparable in clinical outcomes for patients with Crohn's disease who are naïve to TNFα antagonists.
Laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy vs Delorme's operation in management of complete rectal prolapse: a prospective randomized study
Authors: Emile S. H. , Elbanna H. , Youssef M. , Thabet W. , Omar W. , Elshobaky A. , Abd El‐Hamed T. M. , Farid M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAimVarious surgical operations have been devised for the treatment of rectal prolapse, yet no ideal procedure has been described. The present study aims to compare the clinical and functional outcome of laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy (LVMR) and Delorme's operation for complete rectal prolapse.MethodFifty patients with complete rectal prolapse were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly selected to undergo either LVMR or Delorme's procedure after clinical, manometric and radiological evaluation. Patient characteristics, operative data, postoperative complications, recurrence of rectal prolapse and continence state were evaluated. Patients were followed for a mean duration of 18 months.ResultsThirty‐one (62%) patients were women and 19 (38%) patients were men with a mean age of 39.7 ± 6.9 years. Patients were allocated into two equal groups: LVMR group and Delorme's group. Thirty‐three (66%) complained of faecal incontinence preoperatively. Patients were followed for 18 months. There was no major postoperative complication or treatment death. Improvement in continence was reported in 80.9% of patients (83.3% in group 1 vs 71.4% in group 2). Recurrent prolapse was observed in 16% of patients in group 2 and 8% in group 1 (P = 0.66). The operation time was significantly greater in group 1 and the length of stay greater in group 2. There was no difference in the fall of constipation score between the groups.ConclusionThere was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of recurrence of complete rectal prolapse or postoperative improvement of symptoms between the two groups. Hospital stay was longer after Delorme's procedure but the operation time was shorter. Neither procedure proved definite superiority regarding the clinical and functional outcome at 18 months of follow‐up.