bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal Function Tests and Lipid Profiles among Apparently Healthy Adult Male Khat-Chewers and Non-Khat Chewers in Dilla Town, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Degiye Abush Getaneh , Alem Mekdes , Dedefo Gobena , Baye Amanuel , Abreham Abera , Bayih Andualem , Fikru Tomas , Jabesa Chimdo , Temesgen Etetu , Gashaw Birku , Abay Yazal , Tsegaye Melaku , Worade Woshke , Gemechu Geleta , Negesso Abebe Edao , Wolde Mistire , Kinde Samuel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Chewing khat, ‘Catha edulis’ is becoming more common in our society with increased harmful health repercussions, such as lipid metabolism disorder and impaired renal function. There is a scarcity of data and contradictory findings on this topic. Therefore, this study aimed to compare renal function tests and lipid profile levels among apparently healthy adult male khat chewers and non-khat chewers, and to assess the associated risk factors.
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Dilla Town using convenient sampling techniques. The levels of lipid and renal function tests were analyzed on apparently healthy adult male khat-chewers (n = 100) and non-khat chewers (n = 100) using the Siemens Dimension EXL 200 integrated system. Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and Spearman correlation statistical methods were applied using SPSS Version 26. A P-value < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.
Result: Among khat chewers, the levels of HDL-C (median ± IQR) were significantly lower (34.0 ± 17 mg/dl) compared with non-khat chewers (39.5 ± 25 mg/dl) (P = 0.007). Additionally, khat chewers displayed significantly higher levels of TC/HDL ratio (3.81 ± 2.05 vs. 3.17 ± 1.29, P<0.001) and TG (95.5 ± 56 mg/dl vs. 80.5 ± 45 mg/dl, P = 0.005) than non-khat chewers (p<0.05). Long-term chewing, lasting more than 10 years, has been associated with a significant increase in creatinine and decreased eGFR levels compared with shorter durations, less than 10 years.
Conclusion: Khat chewing has a deleterious effect on HDL, triglyceride, and TC/HDL ratio levels and may be associated with chewing duration, frequency, bundle of khat, and time spent on chewing. Long-term chewing has been associated with kidney damage.
Recommendation: Concerned bodies should create awareness about Khat’s effect, and more longitudinal studies should be conducted to investigate cause-and-effect relationships.
Analysis of splitting direction for coupling WGM resonators
Authors: Wang Jianwei , Sun Jiapeng , Song Yeshuai , Yang Xulong , Zhang Yu , Liu Zhihai , Li Hanyang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The opposite splitting directions of mode splitting are observed in whispering gallery mode resonators, composed of coupling asymmetrical bispheres. A "virtual ellipsoid" model approximates the bispherical structure, linking the observed optical phenomena in bispheres to those in ellipsoids. The splitting characteristics are investigated theoretically and experimentally, including intensity difference and wavelength separation. The splitting direction is determined by the positions of the fundamental mode and azimuthal mode in the splitting peaks. Experimental results reveal that the resonant wavelength of the splitting peaks exhibits a redshift due to the increased diameter of Sphere D2, which is attributed to longer light propagation paths in the whispering gallery mode. The optical barcodes converted from transmission spectra provides potential applications for measuring the sizes of microspheres or ellipsoids, and their uniqueness can also be utilized for optical information identification.
Effect of Smartphone Addiction on Hand Disorder, Eye Health, Fatıgue and Cognitive Failures
Authors: ÖZALP Muhammet 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: As mobile phones have become essential in daily life, concerns have arisen about their overuse and the emergence of mobile phone addiction. Research indicates that excessive mobile phone use can contribute to a variety of health problems, including cognitive impairments, visual disturbances, hand discomfort, and fatigue. This study investigated the impact of mobile phone addiction on various health parameters, including cognitive status, eye health, hand discomfort, and fatigue, among university students. A total of 293 students participated in the study. Methods: Students mobile phone addiction status was assessed via the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV). The students were divided into two groups according to the cutoff values given in the study: the "addicted group(n:142) (SAS-SV value man>31, woman>33)", consisting of those determined to have mobile phone addiction, and the "control group (n:151)", consisting of those nonaddictive tendencies. The Chalder Fatigue Scale for fatigue evaluation, the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire for cognitive status, the Cornell Hand Discomfort Questionnaire for hand discomfort, and the Ocular Surface Disease Index for eye dryness were used. Data were collected online via Google Forms following ethics committee approval. Results: The addicted group presented higher scores on the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire, indicating poorer cognitive performance(p<0.001). Additionally, significant differences were observed in fatigue levels (p=0.014), and eye health(p=0.002). Notably, hand discomfort was significant in specific zones of the right hand (p<0,05). However, no significant differences were found in other regions of the hand(p>0,05). Conclusions:These findings underscore the adverse health effects associated with mobile phone addiction, highlighting the need for awareness and potential interventions among university students.
Prevalence and associated factors of anemia among women of childbearing age in the eastern region of Burkina Faso
Authors: OUEDRAOGO Ousmane , COMPAORE Ella W. R. , OUEDRAOGO Ousmane , KIBURENTE Mediatrice , DICKO Mamoudou H. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: In Burkina Faso, anemia is a serious public health problem, with a prevalence well above the 40% threshold. We need to identify the factors associated with it in order to combat this scourge effectively.
Objective: The objective of this study is to identify associated factors of anemia among women of childbearing age in the eastern region of Burkina Faso.
Method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study. A validated and digitized questionnaire on the ODK data collection application was used to collect data from women of childbearing age in households by means of individual interviews. The ‘hemocue’ rapid diagnostic test was used to measure the level of hemoglobin in the blood of 614 women aged 15 to 49 years. The cutoff point for any anemia was a hemoglobin level of less than 11.0 g / dL in pregnant women and 12.0 g/dL in non-pregnant women. The chi-square test was used for bivariate analyzes and logistic regression for multivariate analyzes using the SPSS software.
Results:
The results show that 71.8% of women (pregnant or not) were anemic. The age and marital status of women and the use of iron/folic acid supplements had a statistically significant association with anemia in women of childbearing age. In fact, women living alone (single, divorced or widowed) are 5 times more likely (OR=5,155; CI=1,821-14,593; P=0,002) to be anemic than married women.
Individual and household characteristics must be taken into account when designing policies and plans to address anemia.
Smartphone use, health-promoting behaviours and self-rated health among middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas
Authors: Gan Xiaomin , Liu Xuefang , Wu Juan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
Accounting for the convergence of digitalization and ageing, our study focused on middle-aged and elderly people in rural areas. Moreover, the potential mechanisms by which smartphone use affects the self-rated health and heterogeneity among different groups were explored, and the mediating effects of health-promoting behaviours were explored, with the aim of providing relevant insights and recommendations for improving the health of rural middle-aged and elderly people and actively promoting healthy ageing in rural areas.
Methods
On the basis of data from the 2020 China Rural Revitalization Survey, we established a multiple linear regression model to assess the direct effects of smartphone use (including whether to use, difficulty of use, and duration of use) on the self-rated health of rural middle-aged and elderly people and examined the heterogeneity among the various groups in terms of sex, age, and education level. In addition, the three-step regression and bootstrap test methods were used to analyse the mediating effect of health-promoting behaviours on the relationship between smartphone use and self-rated health.
Results
Smartphone use among rural middle-aged and elderly people significantly and positively affected their health-promoting behaviours and self-rated health, and the findings were robust. The positive effects of smartphone use on self-rated health were heterogeneous among rural middle-aged and older adults of different ages, sexes, and education levels. Health-promoting behaviours exerted significant mediating effects, accounting for 91.91%, 95.27% and 90.91% of the total effects, respectively.
Conclusion
Smartphone use among rural middle-aged and elderly people notably affected the improvement in their self-rated health, and this positive effect differed according to sex, age and education level. The indirect path of encouraging rural middle-aged and elderly people to use smartphones, reducing the difficulty of smartphone use, and prolonging the duration of smartphone use for enhancing health-promoting behaviours could effectively improve their self-rated health.
The Hippo effector TEAD1 regulates murine cerebellar development
Authors: Atterton Cooper , Pelenyi Alexandra , Jones Justin , Al-Khalily Majd , Wright Lucinda , Doonan Mikki , Knight David , Kurniawan Nyoman D. , Walters Shaun , Thor Stefan , Piper Michael 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The Hippo signalling cascade is an evolutionarily conserved pathway critical for the development of numerous organ systems and is required for the development of many parts of the mammalian nervous system, including the cerebellum. The Hippo pathway converges, via the nuclear YAP/TAZ co-transcription factors, on transcription factors of the TEA Domain (TEAD) family (TEAD1-4) and promotes the expression of pro-proliferative genes. Despite the importance of TEAD function, our understanding of spatial and temporal expression of this family is limited, as is our understanding of which TEAD family members regulate Hippo-dependent organ development. Here, we focus on TEAD1 and how this factor contributes to postnatal murine cerebellar development. We find expression of TEAD1 within cerebellar progenitor cells and glial cells, including astrocytes and Bergmann glia, as well as by some interneurons within the granular layer. The importance of TEAD1 expression for cerebellar development was investigated using a conditional ablation approach, which revealed a range of developmental deficits in these Tead1 mutants, including an underdeveloped cerebellum, morphological defects in Bergmann Glia and Purkinje Neurons, as well as granule neuron migration defects. Collectively, these findings suggest a major role for TEAD1 as an effector of the Hippo pathway during cerebellar development.
Free vibration properties of novel sandwich plates with a Layered and Rotational Core
Authors: Wang Youlong , Cai Yuxiang , Hosen Kamal , Pan Junwei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The layered sandwich plate structure is widely used in various fields due to its lightweight and high-strength characteristics. To further enhance the functionality of these structures and expand their application areas, this study investigates the impact of an innovative method for adjusting the interlayer angle, using honeycomb and grid cores as examples. The effect of this interlayer angle on the first nine natural frequencies and vibration modes of the sandwich plates is explored. The results indicate that 1) at different angles, the natural frequencies of the same order vibration modes exhibit significant differences. For instance, in the case of the grid core, the minimum change rate of the natural frequency can exceed 10%, and the maximum can reach 16.68%; 2) compared to the unadjusted layered plates, which exhibit localized deformation in higher-order vibration modes, the stiffness distribution becomes more uniform after rotation, transforming the vibration modes into overall continuous deformations; 3) the proposed method allows for considerable changes in natural frequencies of various orders while maintaining stable structural mechanical properties without adding weight. This effectively avoids resonance with the working environment and promotes uniform stiffness distribution, making the structure suitable for use in more demanding stable environments.
Geophysical Characterization of Subsurface Suitability for Infrastructure at Ayat Real Estate Foundation, Addis Ababa
Authors: Misganaw Tewodros , Haile Tigistu , Yehualaw Esubalew , Wassihun Simeneh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study provides a detailed geophysical assessment of subsurface conditions at the Ayat Real Estate site in northeastern Addis Ababa, employing electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), vertical electrical sounding (VES), and seismic refraction methods. Data from four VES points, dipole‒dipole ERT lines, and seismic refraction profiles reveal nearly vertical fractures and weak zones oriented NW–SE, which could impact foundation design, with competent hard formations suitable for construction located at depths of up to 12 m. The findings show increasing resistivity and P-wave velocity with depth, indicating progressively stronger subsurface materials, whereas low resistivity at shallow depths highlights physically weak zones. The subsurface consists of four layers: highly plastic clay with low resistivity (3.03–25 Ω-m) and P-wave velocities (< 0.42 km/s); a middle layer with moderate resistivity (30–42 Ω-m) and P-wave velocities (< 1.79 km/s); higher resistivity bedrock (38–65 Ω-m) with P-wave velocities (< 2.4 km/s); and a deeper, slightly weathered bedrock layer with resistivities of 86–206 Ω-m. Structural features and fractures indicate potential saturation or weathering. These findings highlight the need for drainage, compaction, and stabilization to manage soil expansion and geohazards. Geophysical data combined with borehole information confirm the site's suitability for multistory construction and provide key insights for foundation design.
A two-decade bibliometric review of climate resilience in agriculture using the dimensions platform
Authors: Chimi Pierre Marie , Fobane Jean Louis , Matick John Hermann , Mala William Armand 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Climate resilience in agriculture is crucial for addressing climate change challenges. This bibliometric review, using the Dimensions platform, analyzes research trends, international collaborations, and key areas from 2004 to 2024. It identifies 477 sources contributing to 1,000 documents, with a 25.77% annual growth rate and an average of 10.15 citations per document, involving 2,605 authors. The thematic map highlights the central role of “climate change” and its links to “resilience,” “policy,” and “sustainable development,” advocating for an integrated approach to climate issues. The annual publication trend shows a significant increase in interest, with a strong positive correlation (R² = 0.7097) and linear growth, emphasizing adaptive strategies. Leading journals include “Qeios Ltd,” “Handbook of Climate Change Resilience,” and “Sustainability.” Key terms like “Climate Change” and “Adaptation” have grown substantially, reflecting the evolving discourse. The co-authorship network reveals three main clusters, led by researchers such as David D. Woods, Andrea Nowak, and David Zilberman. Influential publications, highlighted by their Local Citation Scores, showcase both global and local impacts. The historical citation network and word cloud visualization emphasize the interconnectedness of key concepts, illustrating the collaborative and cumulative nature of research in this field. This review provides a comprehensive overview, guiding future studies, informing policy, and fostering collaboration to enhance climate resilience in agriculture. By leveraging these insights, policymakers can develop more effective, evidence-based strategies, ultimately contributing to sustainable development and food security. Future research can build on these findings to create more effective and sustainable solutions.
Graph Neural Networks-Based Dynamic Water Quality State Estimation in Water Distribution Networks
Authors: Salem Aly K. , Taha Ahmad F. , Abokifa Ahmed A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The substantial cost associated with deploying and operating sensor networks challenges the pursuit of comprehensive water quality (WQ) management in drinking water distribution networks (WDNs). In this study, we introduce a framework for dynamic WQ state estimation using Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to reconstruct unmeasured chlorine concentrations (CCs) based on measurements from a limited number of distributed sensors. Two GNN frameworks were developed. In the first framework, the model was trained to conduct Static Prediction (SP) of CCs based on data collected from a specific sensor placement configuration. In the second framework, a GNN model was trained using data from various sensor placement configurations to produce a generalized state estimation model capable of conducting Dynamic Prediction (DP). That is, reconstructing CCs throughout the WDN based on data collected from any sensor placement configuration, even if different from those used in its training. The two models were applied to a benchmark, real-life WDN, with a sensor coverage of only 3%. The results of the two models highlighted their ability to produce accurate predictions for intermediate junctions, while struggling to predict CCs at dead-end junctions. The SP model outperformed the DP model in terms of accuracy, and its predictions showed significant robustness against noisy measurements. On the other hand, the DP model stood out for its flexibility in being applicable to different sensor network designs. Furthermore, the DP model accuracy was found to be highly dependent on the input sensor design, highlighting the potential for its implementation within sensor placement optimization frameworks.
Magnesite formation during nesquehonite decomposition in the presence and absence of retained self-generated gases and the role of X-ray amorphous materials as essential stores for CO2
Authors: Morgan Bree , Wilson Sasha , Madsen Ian C. , Gozukara Yesim M. , Kimpton Justin A. , Maynard-Casely Helen E. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Long-term storage of CO2 in nesquehonite (MgCO3·3H2O) relies on its transformation to highly stable magnesite (MgCO3) in a naturally occurring, centuries-long process. Here, we pair in situ X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis to investigate the thermal transformation (30–650°C, 5°C/min) of nesquehonite to magnesite, under both open and closed experimental conditions, in a supplied atmosphere of CO2 or N2, and in the presence or absence of self-generated gases (i.e., CO2, water vapor). We found that following the structural collapse of nesquehonite, magnesite only forms in the presence of gaseous CO2 (and in a closed system in the presence of water vapor), whether that be externally supplied or self-generated. This is consistent with a dehydration-crystallization mechanism, with increased local accumulation of CO2 (and in a closed system, H2O vapor) shifting thermal events to higher temperatures, allowing for the crystallization of magnesite. Approximately 20 wt% more magnesite formed when nesquehonite was flushed with CO2 gas during heating in an open system, rather than held within a closed, static CO2 atmosphere. We hypothesize that this difference is due to complete dehydration being more difficult to achieve in a closed system, delaying crystallization of magnesite. Additionally, the distribution of passivating reaction products on unreacted mineral cores may occur in closed systems, where self-generated humidity is retained, and the dissolution-precipitation of reaction products may occur at mineral surfaces. We also find that amorphous materials are dominant intermediate stores for CO2, which is significant given they are not typically considered during carbon accounting in natural landscapes or engineered settings. We proposed a novel method to accurately quantify amorphous solids from XRD data during in situ studies where significant gas loss occurs. Our findings further our mechanistic understanding of how magnesite forms from crystalline and amorphous precursors under a range of environmental and industrial conditions, which is key to optimizing stable CO2 storage in Mg-carbonate minerals. In particular it highlights the importance of considering the role of amorphous phases, atmospheric composition and self-generated gas retention during magnesite formation.
The Multitarget Action of Vitamins in the Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Scotti Luciana , da Silva Pablo Rayff , Monteiro Alex France M. , de Araújo Rodrigo Santos  Aquino , do Nascimento Vanessa Lima , Monteiro Kadja Luana Chagas , de Aquino Thiago Mendonça , dos Santos Silva Wadja Feitosa , da Silva Junior Edeildo Ferreira , Scotti Marcus T. , Mendonça Junior Francisco Jaime Bezerra 
Published: September 2024

:
A stroke, also known as a cerebral hemorrhage, occurs when there is an interruption in
the blood supply to a part of the brain, resulting in damage to brain cells. This issue is one of the
leading causes of death in developed countries, currently killing about 5 million people annually.
Individuals who survive ischemic stroke often face serious vision problems, paralysis, dementia,
and other sequelae. The numerous efforts to prevent and/or treat stroke sequelae seem insufficient,
which is concerning given the increasing global elderly population and the well-known association
between aging and stroke risk. In this review, we aim to present and discuss the importance of
vitamins in stroke prevention and/or incidence. Vitamins from diet or dietary supplements influence
the body at various levels; they are a relevant factor but are reported only in isolated articles.
This review reports and updates the multitarget role of vitamins involved in reducing stroke risk.