bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EVIDENCE BASED KURKUMIN DARI TANAMAN KUNYIT (Curcuma longa) SEBAGAI TERAPI KANKER PADA PENGOBATAN MODERN
Authors: Muti’ah Roihatul 
Published: April 2017

<p>Kurkumin (diferuloylmethane (C<sub>21</sub>H<sub>20</sub>O<sub>6</sub>) merupakan komponen berwarna kuning–orange yang terkandung dalam tanaman <em>Curcuma longa</em>. Secara tradisional masyarakat Indonesia memanfatkan bagian rimpang tanaman tersebut sebagai salah satu komponen bumbu masakkan sehari-hari dan sebagai komponen jamu dari berbagai kondisi dan penyakit seperti panas, hepatitis, jerawat, infekasi bakteri, inflamasi, scabies dll. Studi <em>in vivo</em> dan <em>in vitro</em> menunjukkan bahwa kurkumin mempunyai berbagai aktivitas farmakologis antara lain antiinflamasi, antiviral, antibakteri, antifungal,antikanker, antioksidan, antidiabetes mellitus, antirheumatoid arthritis. Sedangkan studi klinik juga telah banyak dilakukan diantaranya pada kanker pancreas, kanker kolon, kanker payudara, dan <em>multiple myeloma</em>. Pada makalah ini penulis akan membahas tentang etnomedisin kunyit (<em>Curcuma longa)</em>, studi pre-klinik baik secara <em>in vitro</em> maupun <em>in vivo</em>, studi klinik pada pasien dan mekanisme kerja senyawa kurkumin sebagai agen kemopreventif dan kemoterapi penyakit kanker.</p><p> </p><strong>Kata Kunci</strong> :Kurkumin<em>. Curcuma longa</em>, antikanker, <em>evidence based</em>
A comparative method for protein extraction and proteome analysis by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis from banana fruit
Authors: Surabhi Giridara Kumar 
Published: April 2017

<p>Bananas and plantains are a major staple food and export product in many countries.<strong> </strong>Banana fruit tissues contain large amounts of secondary compounds, polysaccharides and other plant polymers which will interfere with protein extraction for gel-based proteomic analysis. Due to presence of very small amount of proteins (approximately 1%) in a large matrix of fruit tissues, it classified as ‘recalcitrant’. In this connection, assessment of different protein extraction protocols and extraction of high quality proteins from banana fruit tissues is crucial for successful gel-based proteome analysis. In this study, two different protein extraction protocols were validated to isolate proteins from banana (cv.Grand Naine) fruit peel and pulp tissues, and proteins were resolved by using SDS-PAGE. A comparative study showed that phenol based method is effective in extracting proteins over TCA-acetone method. Isolated proteins were further subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis separation and stained with colloidal coomassie blue to visualize protein spots. On average 380 protein spots could be detected on coomassie stained two-dimensional gel and our study clearly demonstrated the differential protein accumulation during pre-climacteric and climacteric stages of banana fruit. <strong></strong></p>
IRRADIAÇÃO E PASTEURIZAÇÃO DE PIMENTA DEDO-DE-MOÇA IN NATURA E EM POLPA
Authors: Milagres Regina Célia Rodrigues de Miranda , Brazaca Solange Guidolin Canniatti , Pinto Cleide Maria Ferreira , Pinto Claudia Lúcia De Oliveira 
Published: April 2017

Avaliar os efeitos da irradiação e da pasteurização sobre a vida útil de pimenta Dedo-de-moça Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum in natura e em polpa. Métodos: Realizaram-se três experimentos. Experimento1: pimentas in natura tratadas com radiação gama do 60Co (doses de 1, 2 e 3 kGy), estocadas a 5°C/30 dias, analisados quanto ao teor de carotenoides. Experimentos 2 e 3: pimentas processadas na forma de polpa e adicionadas de ácido cítrico 5%. No experimento 2, as polpas foram expostas a 2 e 3 kGy, estocagem a 25°C/ 60 dias e análises de mesófilos aeróbios, sólidos solúveis (SS), pH e cor. No experimento 3 avaliou-se a dose de 3 kGy, a pasteurização em bancada (85 °C/3min) em polpas conservadas a 25°C. Realizou-se análises depH, SS, cor, umidade, acidez titulável e ratio. Resultados: Houve aumento do teor de carotenoides (x 86 μg.g-1) na pimenta in natura irradiada, entretanto ocorreu degradação mais rápida dos frutos (experimento 1). Polpas de pimenta irradiadas com 2 e 3 kGy não alteraram pH (x 4,8) e SS (x 10,3), mas modificaram a cor. Constatouseinibição de mesófilos na dose de 3 kGy. Pasteurização e irradiação (3 kGy) permitiram aumento de 6 dias na vida útil da polpa (experimentos 2 e 3). Conclusão: Considerando que doses até 3 kGy não conservarama pimenta in natura, mais estudos são necessários para estabelecer doses efetivas. O aumento em seis dias da vida útil da polpa submetida a irradiação (3 kGy) e a pasteurização indicou a viabilidade desses métodos para sua conservação.
Joint occurrence of water quality indexes in relation to river streamflow in the heavily polluted Huai River Basin, China
Authors: Wu Shaofei , Zhang Xiang , She Dunxian 
Published: April 2017

AbstractEffective joint management of water quantity and quality of rivers requires a good understanding of the interrelationships between these variables. This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the impact of river streamflow on the joint occurrence of water quality variables in the heavily polluted Huai River Basin (HRB). Using data from three representative stations, joint distributions were set up for two key water quality indexes, CODMn and NH3-N, for three different streamflow scenarios: low, medium and high streamflows, and the joint probabilities of different water quality combinations were calculated. The results showed that there was a significant negative relationship between streamflow and the water quality index, while the water quality indexes were significantly positively correlated. In general, the higher the river streamflow, the lower the joint probability of water quality variables under the three scenarios in each station. It is concluded that, in both the main stream and the tributary, high streamflow scenarios do help to improve the joint probability of water quality combination under a higher water quality grade, compared with a decrease under a lower quality grade. This study is expected to provide scientific references for water quality management and implementation of water pollution prevention in the HRB.
Postmortem X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) and Forensic Autopsy: A Review of the Utility, the Challenges and the Future implications
Authors: Nolte Kurt B. , Mlady Gary , Zumwalt Ross E. , Cushnyr Brad , Paul Ian D. , Wiest Philip W. 
Published: April 2017

The utility of computed tomography (CT) for forensic autopsy is being defined. Small studies have indicated potential areas of use. Systematic studies are few. Evidence of the utility of CT as an autopsy substitute in fatal trauma cases has been inconsistent. Some studies show that there are injuries seen by CT that aren't detected by autopsy indicating that CT, at least, is likely useful as an autopsy adjunct. Research has been limited by small study populations, variation in postmortem interval, differences in protocols including CT slice thickness, who interpreted the scans (radiologists vs. pathologists), and how injuries were scored. Challenges exist to implement and use advanced imaging technology for the forensic autopsy. It is important to determine how to arrange these technologies into a coherent approach to postmortem diagnosis while not encumbering forensic pathologists. Forensic pathologists and radiologists require training in interpreting the unique aspects of postmortem CT scans. Some forensic pathologists might perceive imaging technology as a threat and express concern that it will make the autopsy obsolete. If CT is found to supplant or supplement autopsy in valuable ways, more comprehensive diagnostic information can be provided. If CT can supplant the use of autopsy in certain situations and significantly decrease autopsy numbers it will allow offices to achieve an annual cost savings and divert these resources to other needs. If CT becomes widely available and can supplant autopsy, it could make up some of the gap between the numbers of forensic pathologists available and the numbers needed nationally.
Professional Certification for Medicolegal Death Investigators - ABMDI
Authors: Howe Julie A. 
Published: April 2017

The American Board of Medicolegal Death Investigators (ABMDI) was created and developed in 1998 by veteran, practicing medicolegal death investigators who were involved in the development of the National Institutes of Justice December 1997 publication National Guidelines for Death Investigation that was later renamed Death Investigation: A Guide for the Scene Investigator. The creation of the ABMDI allowed for the establishment of uniform criteria, ethical conduct and standardized practices for individuals investigating deaths that fall under the jurisdiction of the medical examiner/coroner. There are two levels of ABMDI certification: Registry Certification and Board Certification. A survey was deployed to ABMDI certificants in 2005 and 2011 to determine how the profession has changed with respect to job title, systems employing certificants, educational level and the overall benefits and requirements of ABMDI certification. Results of the survey will be discussed. The NAS report released in 2009 recommends professional certification for all forensic personnel, including medicolegal death investigators. Achievement of this recommendation requires legislative action, implementation strategy, and adequate time and budget. The Subcommittee on Forensic Science (SoFS) has established an Interagency Working Group (IWG) that is examining these recommendations. A Scientific Working Group on Medicolegal Death Investigation (SWGMDI) was developed in March 2011 to recommend best practices and standards, including a committee on Accreditation, Certification, Education and Training. The ABMDI is participating in the efforts to promote standardized medicolegal death investigation.
Apparent Natural Deaths
Authors: Davis Joseph H. 
Published: April 2017

A natural death is one which is not caused by accident, by suicide, or by homicide. Natural deaths are those caused by disease. Diseases may be infectious, metabolic, degenerative, congenital, or neoplastic. The number of diseases causing death are innumerable. Coding manuals used by vital statisticians cover thousands of subcategories of diseases which are known to cause or accelerate death. Natural diseases investigated by police are relatively few in number and likewise involve limited subsets of our society. There are also geographic and ethnic variations in different parts of the world.
Rare Tumors of the Sellar Region
Authors: Raghunathan Aditya , Takei Hidehiro , Powell Suzanne Z. 
Published: April 2017

Context The sellar/ parasellar region is the location for a vast array of neoplastic and nonneoplastic intracranial space-occupying lesions. While several common lesions arising in this location have been well-described in the literature, there are rare and challenging tumors that may also arise in this region. Objective We focus this review on five rare tumors reported to arise in the sellar region, including spindle cell oncocytoma of the adenohypophysis, pituicytoma, intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma and xanthogranuloma. We review their clinical presentation, histologic features, differential diagnosis and outcomes for these tumors. Data sources All medical literature pertaining to these entities that was searchable on PubMed was comprehensively reviewed. Conclusions Spindle cell oncocytoma and pituicytoma have recently been included in the 2007 edition of the World Health Organization classification of tumours of the CNS, while intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma and xanthogranuloma have only rarely been described in this region. Knowledge of these may help prevent possible diagnostic pitfalls during postmortem evaluation.
The Effect of Inquiry - Based on Science Technology and Society Methods to the social Learning Outcomes.
Authors: Suryani Yani 
Published: April 2017

The background of this research is the issue of globalization that impact on society's lives, especially school-age children (students) who started to use the technology in every activity. The problem in this study is whether the method of inquiry – based on Science Technology and Society has a significant effect on social science learning outcomes of students in SMPN 1 Bandung.
This study use quasi-experimental approach, with nonequivalent (pretest and posttest) the Control Group Design. The average result of experimental class’ pre-test is 59.72, and the post-test average is 77.08, the gain is 0, 46, While in the control classroom the average of pre - test is 56.81, and the post-test is 68.75, and the gain is 0, 28. There seems to be a significant improvement between the experimental class and the control class. The results were analyzed using the data analysis software called SPSS 16 for windows shows the sig is 0.000 < α 0.05, which means the test results showed that Ho strongly rejected, means that there are some learning outcomes distinctions between the student who get a method of inquiry -based learning with Science Technology and Society Methods with those who received conventional learning at the post-test. Post-test results of the students who received inquiry -based learning with the Science Technology and Society Methods is better than the students who received conventional learning. It can be seen from the motivation to learn, learner inquiry frequency, the students learning outcomes in land use and settlement patterns material based on the physical condition of the earth's surface.
The recommendations were based on the research findings and the discussion of the effect of the use of inquiry -based science technology society method. It is expected that schools, Social Sciences’ MGMP, social science Teacher and the next researcher can use and develop the inquiry -based science learning technology methods community in the social science.
Pengaruh Metode Discovery Learning Terhadap Peningkatan Pemahaman Konsep Peserta Didik (Studi Kuasi Eksperimen pada Kompetensi Dasar Elastisitas Permintaan dan Penawaran di Kelas X Akuntansi SMK Negeri 1 Bandung Tahun Ajaran 2013/2014)
Authors: Islamiah Zakiyah Tsauroh 
Published: April 2017

This research is conducted to reveal the influence of Discovery Learning method toward students’ concept understanding improvement on Introduction of Economy and Business subject in SMKN 1 Bandung. The method used in this research is quasi experimental with nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design. The data analysis teknik with parametric statistical, test of difference (paired samples t-test and independent samples t-test), gain score and effect size calculationused in this research is SPSS v21. The result shown that the use of Discovery Learning method is more effective toimprove the understanding of the concept than the ExpositoryLearning method does.
Tanggap Tiga Varietas Padi Sawah terhadap Kombinasi Pemupukan dengan Sistem Pembenaman Jerami
Authors: Herdiyanti Tri , , Sugiyanta , Aswidinnoor Hajrial 
Published: April 2017

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Degradation of soil fertility due to inaccurate application of fertilizer become one of the factors causing the stagnant rice productivity improvement in Indonesia. Straw incorporation, organic fertilizers and biofertilizers applications potentially reduces a rates of inorganic fertilizers and improves soil fertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate growth and yield of 3 lowland rice varieties (high yielding variety, new plant type, and local variety) in response to reduce NPK rates with straw incorporation, organic fertilizer, and biofertilizer in 7th planting season. The research was conducted at rice field in Karawang, West Java, from April-August 2013. The research was arranged in split plot randomized block design with 3 replications. The main plot was fertilizer application consisted of 10 treatments (combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers), while the sub plot was rice varieties (Ciherang, IPB 3S, and Mentik Wangi). The application of inorganic fertilizer, 400 kg NPK 30-6-8 ha-1, was control treatment. Plot size was 6.5 m x 10 m, with a double row spacing (25 cm x 15 cm x 50 cm). The result showed that growth of the three varieties was not significantly different so as the yield at 50% reduced NPK rate with incorporation of straw, organic fertilizer and biofertilizer. Adding of solid and liquid organic fertilizer, and biofertilizers on treatment of straw incorporation + 50% NPK rate was unnecessary due to insignificant yield increase.</p><p>Keywords: Ciherang, fertilizer, IPB 3S, local variety, Mentik Wangi, new plant type</p>
Genetic landscape of sporadic vestibular schwannoma
Authors: Håvik Aril Løge , Bruland Ove , Myrseth Erling , Miletic Hrvoje , Aarhus Mads , Knappskog Per-Morten , Lund-Johansen Morten 
Published: April 2017

OBJECTIVEVestibular schwannoma (VS) is a benign tumor with associated morbidities and reduced quality of life. Except for mutations in NF2, the genetic landscape of VS remains to be elucidated. Little is known about the effect of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) on the VS genome. The aim of this study was to characterize mutations occurring in this tumor to identify new genes and signaling pathways important for the development of VS. In addition, the authors sought to evaluate whether GKRS resulted in an increase in the number of mutations.METHODSForty-six sporadic VSs, including 8 GKRS-treated tumors and corresponding blood samples, were subjected to whole-exome sequencing and tumor-specific DNA variants were called. Pathway analysis was performed using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. In addition, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification was performed to characterize copy number variations in the NF2 gene, and microsatellite instability testing was done to investigate for DNA replication error.RESULTSWith the exception of a single sample with an aggressive phenotype that harbored a large number of mutations, most samples showed a relatively low number of mutations. A median of 14 tumor-specific mutations in each sample were identified. The GKRS-treated tumors harbored no more mutations than the rest of the group. A clustering of mutations in the cancer-related axonal guidance pathway was identified (25 patients), as well as mutations in the CDC27 (5 patients) and USP8 (3 patients) genes. Thirty-five tumors harbored mutations in NF2 and 16 tumors had 2 mutational hits. The samples without detectable NF2 mutations harbored mutations in genes that could be linked to NF2 or to NF2-related functions. None of the tumors showed microsatellite instability.CONCLUSIONSThe genetic landscape of VS seems to be quite heterogeneous; however, most samples had mutations in NF2 or in genes that could be linked to NF2. The results of this study do not link GKRS to an increased number of mutations.
Chronic multisite brain recordings from a totally implantable bidirectional neural interface: experience in 5 patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Swann Nicole C. , de Hemptinne Coralie , Miocinovic Svjetlana , Qasim Salman , Ostrem Jill L. , Galifianakis Nicholas B. , Luciano Marta San , Wang Sarah S. , Ziman Nathan , Taylor Robin , Starr Philip A. 
Published: April 2017

OBJECTIVEDysfunction of distributed neural networks underlies many brain disorders. The development of neuromodulation therapies depends on a better understanding of these networks. Invasive human brain recordings have a favorable temporal and spatial resolution for the analysis of network phenomena but have generally been limited to acute intraoperative recording or short-term recording through temporarily externalized leads. Here, the authors describe their initial experience with an investigational, first-generation, totally implantable, bidirectional neural interface that allows both continuous therapeutic stimulation and recording of field potentials at multiple sites in a neural network.METHODSUnder a physician-sponsored US Food and Drug Administration investigational device exemption, 5 patients with Parkinson's disease were implanted with the Activa PC+S system (Medtronic Inc.). The device was attached to a quadripolar lead placed in the subdural space over motor cortex, for electrocorticography potential recordings, and to a quadripolar lead in the subthalamic nucleus (STN), for both therapeutic stimulation and recording of local field potentials. Recordings from the brain of each patient were performed at multiple time points over a 1-year period.RESULTSThere were no serious surgical complications or interruptions in deep brain stimulation therapy. Signals in both the cortex and the STN were relatively stable over time, despite a gradual increase in electrode impedance. Canonical movement-related changes in specific frequency bands in the motor cortex were identified in most but not all recordings.CONCLUSIONSThe acquisition of chronic multisite field potentials in humans is feasible. The device performance characteristics described here may inform the design of the next generation of totally implantable neural interfaces. This research tool provides a platform for translating discoveries in brain network dynamics to improved neurostimulation paradigms.Clinical trial registration no.: NCT01934296 (clinicaltrials.gov)
Endovascular management of acute epidural hematomas: clinical experience with 80 cases
Authors: Peres Carlos Michel A. , Caldas Jose Guilherme M. P. , Puglia Paulo , de Andrade Almir F. , da Silva Igor A. F. , Teixeira Manoel J. , Figueiredo Eberval G. 
Published: April 2017

OBJECTIVESmall acute epidural hematomas (EDHs) treated conservatively carry a nonmeasurable risk of late enlargement due to middle meningeal artery (MMA) lesions. Patients with EDHs need to stay hospitalized for several days, with neurological supervision and repeated CT scans. In this study, the authors analyzed the safety and efficacy of the embolization of the involved MMA and associated lesions.METHODSThe study group consisted of 80 consecutive patients harboring small- to medium-sized EDHs treated by MMA embolization between January 2010 and December 2014. A literature review cohort was used as a control group.RESULTSThe causes of head injury were falls, traffic-related accidents (including car, motorcycle, and pedestrian vs vehicle accidents), and assaults. The EDH topography was mainly temporal (lateral or pole). Active contrast leaking from the MMA was seen in 57.5%; arteriovenous fistulas between the MMA and diploic veins were seen in 10%; and MMA pseudoaneurysms were found in 13.6% of the cases. Embolizations were performed under local anesthesia in 80% of the cases, with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol particles, or gelatin sponge (or a combination of these), obtaining MMA occlusion and complete resolution of the vascular lesions. All patients underwent follow-up CT scans between 1 and 7 days after the embolization. In the 80 cases in this series, no increase in size of the EDH was observed and the clinical evolution was uneventful, without Glasgow Coma Scale score modification after embolization and with no need for surgical evacuation. In contrast, the control cohort from the literature consisted of 471 patients, 82 (17.4%) of whom shifted from conservative treatment to surgical evacuation.CONCLUSIONSThis study suggests that MMA embolization is a highly effective and safe method to achieve size stabilization in nonsurgically treated acute EDHs.