bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) for Opening Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy
Authors: Saito Ryusuke , Nagase Tsuyoshi , Tateishi Tomohiko , Shimizu Sadanori , Kato Takuya , Nakagawa Teruhiko , Tsutiya Masamitsu 
Published: June 2017

Objective:
Opening Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy (OWHTO) for knee osteoarthritis and for osteonecrosis has reported good results. Use of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) after OWHTO had become an option for the treatment of OWHTO since April 2016. The purpose of this study was to examine whether LIPUS has an accelerating effect on synostosis after OWHTO.

Materials and Methods:
The control subjects were 24 patients with a total of 26 knees (9 male with knees and 15 female with 17 knees treated) treated with OWHTO only. OWHTO was performed from April 2015 to March 2016 (non-LIPUS control group). The average age of the patients was 61 years. The test subjects were 25 patients with a total of 27 knees (8 male with 9 knees and 17 female with 18 knees treated) treated with OWHTO and LIPUS. OWHTO was performed from April 2016 until the present. LIPUS was started after the surgery (LIPUS + group). The average age was 64.6 years. FTA, ROM, intraoperative open angle, and the time to bone union were examined.

Results:
There was no difference between the 2 groups in FTA, ROM, and open angle. Synostosis was obtained in 18 knees in the control group (no LIPUS) with an average duration of 8.4 months. The LIPUS + group had a short observation period with none of the patients experiencing bone union.

Discussion:
The synostosis promoting effect of LIPUS is expected. In this study, there were no bone union cases because of the short observation period. It is necessary to extend the follow-up period, and clarify the utility of LIPUS.
Assessing and Communicating the Value of Biomedical Research: Results From a Pilot Study
Authors: Guthrie Susan , Krapels Joachim , Adams Alexandra , Alberti Philip , Bonham Ann , Garrod Bryn , Esmond Sarah , Scott Caitlin , Cochrane Gavin , Wooding Steven 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
Assessing the impact of research requires an approach that is sensitive both to the context of the research and the perspective of the stakeholders trying to understand its benefits. Here, the authors report on a pilot that applied such an approach to research conducted at the Collaborative Center for Health Equity (CCHE) of the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health.

Method
The pilot assessed the academic impact of CCHE’s work; the networks between CCHE and community partners; and the reach of CCHE’s programs, including an attempt to estimate return on investment (ROI). Data included bibliometrics, findings from a stakeholder survey and in-depth interviews, and financial figures.

Results
The pilot illustrated how CCHE programs increase the capacity of community partners to advocate for their communities and engage with researchers to ensure that research benefits the community. The results illustrate the reach of CCHE’s programs into the community. The authors produced an estimate of the ROI for one CCHE program targeting childhood obesity, and values ranged from negative to positive.

Conclusions
The authors experienced challenges using novel assessment techniques at a small scale including the lack of comparator groups and the scarcity of cost data for estimating ROI. This pilot demonstrated the value of research from a variety of perspectives—from academic to community. It illustrates how metrics beyond grant income and publications can capture the outputs of an academic health center in a way that may better align with the aims of the center and stakeholders.
Extubation Success Prediction in a Multicentric Cohort of Patients with Severe Brain Injury
Authors: Asehnoune Karim , Seguin Philippe , Lasocki Sigismond , Roquilly Antoine , Delater Adrien , Gros Antoine , Denou Florian , Mahé Pierre-Joachim , Nesseler Nicolas , Demeure-dit-Latte Dominique , Launey Yoann , Lakhal Karim , Rozec Bertrand , Mallédant Yannick , Sébille Véronique , Jaber Samir , Le Thuaut Aurélie , Feuillet Fanny , Cinotti Raphaël ,   ATLANREA group
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Background
Patients with brain injury are at high risk of extubation failure.

Methods
We conducted a prospective observational cohort study in four intensive care units of three university hospitals. The aim of the study was to create a score that could predict extubation success in patients with brain injury.

Results
A total of 437 consecutive patients with brain injury were included, and 338 patients (77.3%) displayed successful extubation. In the multivariate analysis, four features were associated with success the day of extubation: age less than 40 yr, visual pursuit, swallowing attempts, and a Glasgow coma score greater than 10. In the score, each item counted as one. A score of 3 or greater was associated with 90% extubation success. The area under the receiver–operator curve was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.69 to 0.81). After internal validation by bootstrap, the area under the receiver–operator curve was 0.73 (95% CI, 0.68 to 0.79). Extubation success was significantly associated with shorter duration of mechanical ventilation (11 [95% CI, 5 to 17 days] vs. 22 days [95% CI, 13 to 29 days]; P < 0.0001), shorter intensive care unit length of stay (15 [95% CI, 9 to 23 days] vs. 27 days [95% CI, 21 to 36 days]; P < 0.0001), and lower in-intensive care unit mortality (4 [1.2%] vs. 11 [11.1%]; P < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Our score exploring both airway functions and neurologic status may increase the probability of successful extubation in patients with severe brain injury.
Hydrogen Peroxide Induces Muscle Nociception via Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 Receptors
Authors: Sugiyama Daisuke , Kang Sinyoung , Arpey Nicholas , Arunakul Preeyaphan , Usachev Yuriy M. , Brennan Timothy J. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Background
H2O2 has a variety of actions in skin wounds but has been rarely studied in deep muscle tissue. Based on response to the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 antagonists after plantar incision, we hypothesized that H2O2 exerts nociceptive effects via the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 in muscle.

Methods
Nociceptive behaviors in rats (n = 269) and mice (n = 16) were evaluated after various concentrations and volumes of H2O2 were injected into the gastrocnemius muscle or subcutaneous tissue. The effects of H2O2 on in vivo spinal dorsal horn neuronal activity and lumbar dorsal root ganglia neurons in vitro were evaluated from 26 rats and 6 mice.

Results
Intramuscular (mean ± SD: 1,436 ± 513 s) but not subcutaneous (40 ± 58 s) injection of H2O2 (100 mM, 0.6 ml) increased nociceptive time. Conditioned place aversion was evident after intramuscular (–143 ± 81 s) but not subcutaneous (–2 ± 111 s) injection of H2O2. These H2O2-induced behaviors were blocked by transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 antagonists. Intramuscular injection of H2O2 caused sustained in vivo activity of dorsal horn neurons, and H2O2 activated a subset of dorsal root ganglia neurons in vitro. Capsaicin nerve block decreased guarding after plantar incision and reduced nociceptive time after intramuscular H2O2. Nociceptive time after intramuscular H2O2 in transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 knockout mice was shorter (173 ± 156 s) compared with wild-type mice (931 ± 629 s).

Conclusions
The greater response of muscle tissue to H2O2 may help explain why incision that includes deep muscle but not skin incision alone produces spontaneous activity in nociceptive pathways.
PREDICTORS OF ONE-YEAR VISUAL OUTCOMES AFTER ANTI-VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR TREATMENT FOR NEOVASCULAR AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
Authors: Kodjikian Laurent , Decullier Evelyne , Souied Eric H. , Roux Adeline , Aulagner Gilles , Huot Laure ,   for the GEFAL Study Group
Published: June 2017

Purpose:
To determine predictors of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) outcomes 1 year after ranibizumab or bevacizumab treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration, within the French Study Group Avastin versus Lucentis for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (GEFAL).

Methods:
Patients aged ≥50 years presenting subfoveal neovascular age-related macular degeneration were randomized to receive ranibizumab or bevacizumab (3 monthly intravitreal injections followed by an as-needed regimen). The main outcome measures were BCVA and its change from baseline at 1 year. Variables with a P value <0.20 in the univariate model and/or which were clinically relevant were included in the multivariate analysis.

Results:
The following baseline factors were associated with a lower BCVA score at 1 year and with less improvement in BCVA (multivariate analysis): intraretinal fluid, thickness of central subfield macular ≤277 μm, predominantly classic choroidal neovascularization, and total area of choroidal neovascularization (all P ≤ 0.01). Pigment epithelium detachment and high baseline BCVA were associated with less improvement in BCVA (P = 0.03, P = 0.05, respectively). Patients who met retreatment criteria but did not receive the corresponding injection had significantly poorer outcomes (only tested in the univariate analysis).

Conclusion:
This study confirms the predictors of BCVA score at 1 year posttreatment; the presence of intraretinal fluid was associated with a poor prognosis.
TEMPORAL THINNING IN SICKLE CELL RETINOPATHY IS ASSOCIATED WITH DIMINISHED PERFUSION ON OCTA AND DENSE SCOTOMA ON MICROPERIMETERY
Authors: Sambhav Kumar , Grover Sandeep , Chalam Kakarla V. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose:
To establish correlation between the structural compromise (capillary loss and hypoperfusion on optical coherence tomography [optical coherence tomography angiography]) with perimacular functional impairment noted on microperimetry.

Methods:
Retrospective case series. Clinical records and multimodal imaging findings of patients presenting with sickle cell disease were reviewed.

Results:
Three eyes of three patients (two men) were included in the study with a visual acuity of 20/20 and no sickle cell retinopathy. Images using optical coherence tomography angiography (AngioVue OCT angiography system; Optovue, Inc, Fremont, CA) were obtained along with spectral domain optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, and microperimetry (MP-1). Spectral domain optical coherence tomography revealed selective loss of inner retinal layers with thinning of the retina. Optical coherence tomography angiography revealed compromise of both superficial and deep capillaries in the area of temporal thinning expressed on spectral domain optical coherence tomography. MP-1 demonstrated focal increase in threshold (decreased sensitivity) correlating with the perfusion defects on optical coherence tomography angiography. Fluorescein angiography did not show any substantial perfusion compromise.

Conclusion:
Optical coherence tomography angiography may reflect the extent of functional compromise even before it being evident on fluorescein angiography. The area vascular compromise was larger in the deep plexus compared with the superficial plexus. The area of complete loss of retinal sensitivity corresponds to loss of vasculature in both the superficial and deep plexuses, whereas the area of decreased sensitivities corresponds to compromise only in the deep plexus.
A urine-dependent human urothelial organoid offers a promising alternative to rodent models of infection
Authors: Horsley Harry , Dharmasena Dhanuson , Malone-Lee James , Rohn Jennifer L. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMurine models describe a defined host/pathogen interaction for urinary tract infection, but human cell studies are scant. Although recent human urothelial organoid models are promising, none demonstrate long-term tolerance to urine, the natural substrate of the tissue and of the uropathogens that live there. We developed a novel human organoid from progenitor cells which demonstrates key structural hallmarks and biomarkers of the urothelium. After three weeks of transwell culture with 100% urine at the apical interface, the organoid stratified into multiple layers. The apical surface differentiated into enlarged and flattened umbrella-like cells bearing characteristic tight junctions, structures resembling asymmetric unit membrane plaques, and a glycosaminoglycan layer. The apical cells also expressed apical cytokeratin-20, a spatial feature of the mammalian urothelium. Urine itself was necessary for full development, and undifferentiated cells were urine-tolerant despite the lack of membrane plaques and a glycosaminoglycan layer. Infection withEnterococcus faecalisrevealed the expected invasive outcome, including urothelial sloughing and the formation of intracellular colonies similar to those previously observed in patient cells. This new biomimetic model could help illuminate invasive behaviours of uropathogens, and serve as a reproducible test bed for disease formation, treatment and resolution in patients.
Complex polymorphisms in endocytosis genes suggest alpha-cyclodextrin as a treatment for breast cancer
Authors: Wittkowski Knut M. , Dadurian Christina , Seybold Martin P. , Kim Han Sang , Hoshino Ayuko , Lyden David 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMost breast cancer deaths are caused by metastasis and treatment options beyond radiation and cytotoxic drugs, which have severe side effects, and hormonal treatments, which are or become ineffective for many patients, are urgently needed. This study reanalyzed existing data from three genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using a novel computational biostatistics approach (muGWAS), which had been validated in studies of 600–2000 subjects in epilepsy and autism. MuGWAS jointly analyzes several neighboring single nucleotide polymorphisms while incorporating knowledge about genetics of heritable diseases into the statistical method and about GWAS into the rules for determining adaptive genome-wide significance.Results from three independent GWAS of 1000–2000 subjects each, which were made available under the National Institute of Health’s “Up For A Challenge” (U4C) project, not only confirmed cell-cycle control and receptor/AKT signaling, but, for the first time in breast cancer GWAS, also consistently identified many genes involved in endo-/exocytosis (EEC), most of which had already been observed in functional and expression studies of breast cancer. In particular, the findings include genes that translocate (ATP8A1, ATP8B1, ANO4, ABCA1) and metabolize (AGPAT3, AGPAT4, DGKQ, LPPR1) phospholipids entering the phosphatidylinositol cycle, which controls EEC. These novel findings suggest scavenging phospholipids via alpha-cyclodextrins (αCD) as a novel intervention to control local spread of cancer, packaging of exosomes (which prepare distant microenvironment for organ-specific metastases), and endocytosis of β1 integrins (which are required for spread of metastatic phenotype and mesenchymal migration of tumor cells).Beta-cyclodextrins (βCD) have already been shown to be effective inin vitroand animal studies of breast cancer, but exhibits cholesterol-related ototoxicity. The smaller αCDs also scavenges phospholipids, but cannot fit cholesterol. Anin-vitrostudy presented here confirms hydroxypropyl (HP)-αCD to be twice as effective as HPβCD against migration of human cells of both receptor negative and estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer.If the previous successful animal studies with βCDs are replicated with the safer and more effective αCDs, clinical trials of adjuvant treatment with αCDs are warranted. Ultimately, all breast cancer are expected to benefit from treatment with HPαCD, but women with triplenegative breast cancer (TNBC) will benefit most, because they have fewer treatment options and their cancer advances more aggressively.
MicroED Structures from Micrometer Thick Protein Crystals
Authors: Martynowycz Michael W. , Glynn Calina , Miao Jennifer , Jason de la Cruz M. , Hattne Johan , Shi Dan , Cascio Duilio , Rodriguez Jose , Gonen Tamir 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTheoretical calculations suggest that crystals exceeding 100 nm thickness are excluded by dynamical scattering from successful structure determination using microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED). These calculations are at odds with experimental results where MicroED structures have been determined from significantly thicker crystals. Here we systematically evaluate the influence of thickness on the accuracy of MicroED intensities and the ability to determine structures from protein crystals one micrometer thick. To do so, we compareab initiostructures of a human prion protein segment determined from thin crystals to those determined from crystals up to one micrometer thick. We also compare molecular replacement solutions from crystals of varying thickness for a larger globular protein, proteinase K. Our results indicate that structures can be reliably determined from crystals at least an order of magnitude thicker than previously suggested by simulation, opening the possibility for an even broader range of MicroED experiments.SummaryAtomic resolution protein structures can be determined by MicroED from crystals that surpass the theoretical maximum thickness limit by an order of magnitude.
Gelsolin regulates proliferation, apoptosis and invasion in NK/T-cell lymphoma cells through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway
Authors: Guo Yanwei , Zhang Hongqiao , Xing Xin , Wang Lijuan , Zhang Jian , Yan Lin , Zheng Xiaoke , Zhang Mingzhi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe expression of gelsolin (GSN) is abnormal in many cancers, including extranodal nasal-type natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL). However, the biological function of GSN and its mechanism in NKTCL remain unclear. We found GSN overexpression significantly suppressed cell proliferation, colony formationand invasion and promoted apoptosis of YTS cells. Moreover, the upregulation of GSN significantly decreased the protein levels of PI3K and p-AKT. Interestingly, blocking the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway significantly inhibited cell proliferation and invasion and promoted apoptosis of YTS cells. In conclusion, our findings indicate that GSN can suppress cell proliferation and invasion and promote apoptosis of YTS cells, which is likely to be mediated at least partially through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Lis1 has two opposing modes of regulating cytoplasmic dynein
Authors: DeSantis Morgan E. , Cianfrocco Michael A. , Htet Zaw Min , Tran Phuoc Tien , Reck-Peterson Samara L. , Leschziner Andres E. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryRegulation is central to the functional versatility of cytoplasmic dynein, a motor involved in intracellular transport, cell division, and neurodevelopment. Previous work established that Lis1, a conserved and ubiquitous regulator of dynein, binds to its motor domain and induces a tight microtubule-binding state in dynein. The work we present here—a combination of biochemistry, single-molecule assays, cryo-electron microscopy and in vivo experiments—led to the surprising discovery that Lis1 has two opposing modes of regulating dynein, being capable of inducing both low and high affinity for the microtubule. We show that these opposing modes depend on the stoichiometry of Lis1 binding to dynein and that this stoichiometry is regulated by the nucleotide state of dynein’s AAA3 domain. We present data on the in vitro and in vivo consequences of abolishing the novel Lis1-induced weak microtubule-binding state in dynein and propose a new model for the regulation of dynein by Lis1.
Spontaneous Phase Separation of Cocultured Cell MixturesIn vitro
Authors: Hadjiantoniou Sebastian V. , Leblanc-Latour Maxime , Ignacio Maxime , Lefevbre Cory S. , Slater Gary W. , Pelling Andrew E. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTDuring Embryogenesis, cells undergo constant organizational remodelling. Biochemical and biophysical guidance cues act in tandem to guide migration and morphogenesis into distinct cellular patterns. It has been shown that various cell types will express different configurations of cellular adhesion molecules known as cadherins and integrins. Coculturedin vitroexperiments have focused on revealing the extensive genetic expression profiles that modulate embryogenesis whilst overlooking the physical cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions that influence organization. We demonstrate that NIH3T3 and MDCK cells undergo a spontaneous phase separation when coculturedin vitroand that this phenomenon occurs through purely physical binding energies. A Monte Carlo simulation model of a mixture of cells with different cell-cell and cell-substrate binding energies reveals that the spontaneous phase separation occurs due to the minimization of interfacial free energy within the system. Cell-cell and cell-substrate binding plays a critical role in cell organization and is capable of phase separating different populations of cells in vitro.
Corporate governance model in Thai state-owned enterprises: structural equation modelling approach
Authors: Khongmalai Orapan , Distanont Anyanitha 
Published: June 2017

PurposeCorporate governance (CG) is a mechanism for directing, administering and controlling organisations. CG has become a vital component in driving efficient operation of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between CG practices and the performance of Thai SOEs.Design/methodology/approachThis research is quantitative in nature; data were collected through a questionnaire, which was distributed to a sample of 1,140 respondents from 38 Thai SOEs. Structural equation modelling was used for data analysis.FindingsThe results indicate that the board of directors has a direct negative influence on the performance of Thai SOEs. However, management systems play a significant role in mediating the relationship between boards of directors and the performance of Thai SOEs. Additionally, corporate governance practices should be implemented not only at the board-of-director level but also at all levels of operation throughout the organisation.Practical implicationsTo develop effective boards of directors, SOEs should be pushed to develop the appropriate strategic management systems (i.e. risk management, internal controls, internal audits, human resource management and information technology). These systems allow boards of directors to access and use important information that will help guide the business process, which leads to performance improvement in SOEs.Originality/valueThis empirical study investigates the relationships between CG practices and the performance of SOEs in the context of developing countries.
Factors affecting the audit process and social theories
Authors: Mahdavi Gholamhossein , Daryaei Abbas Ali 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to apply the concept of social theories to explain auditors’ attitude toward balance time between marketing activities and auditing responsibilities.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected through a survey, from which a measure of auditor’s view on the importance of marketing was identified and regressed against balance between audit time and marketing activities. In addition, a measure of balanced attitude of auditors toward the time of the audit and marketing activities was identified and regressed against attitude toward the importance of corporate governance mechanisms.

Findings
The results obtained from the hypothesis test indicated that the audit fee can be a decisive factor in the status of auditors to carry out their function in the social structure which is limited to the stakeholders. The balance time between auditing and marketing is of the same importance to all auditors. Furthermore, entrepreneur auditors find the present corporate governance good for the prosperity and creativity of the forces within the auditing firms. As a result, entrepreneur auditors are very effective in corporate governance mechanisms.

Originality/value
The most significant contribution of the present study is the development of auditing literature to better understand and analyze the behavior of auditors.