bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR‐15b‐5p facilitates the tumorigenicity by targeting RECK and predicts tumour recurrence in prostate cancer
Authors: Chen Ran , Sheng Lu , Zhang Hao‐Jie , Ji Ming , Qian Wei‐Qing 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to participate in many biological behaviours of multiple malignancies. Recent studies have shown that miR‐15b‐5p (miR‐15b) exhibits dual roles by accelerating or blocking tumour progression. However, the molecular mechanisms by which miR‐15b contributes to prostate cancer (PCa) are still elusive. Here, miR‐15b expression was found significantly up‐regulated in PCa in comparison with the normal samples and was positively correlated with age and Gleason score in patients with PCa. Notably, PCa patients with miR‐15b high expression displayed a higher recurrence rate than those with miR‐15b low expression (P = 0.0058). Knockdown of miR‐15b suppressed cell growth and invasiveness in 22RV1 and PC3 cells, while overexpression of miR‐15b reversed these effects. Then, we validated that RECK acted as a direct target of miR‐15b by dual‐luciferase assay and revealed the negative correlation of RECK with miR‐15b expression in PCa tissues. Ectopic expression of RECK reduced cell proliferation and invasive potential and partially abrogated the tumour‐promoting effects caused by miR‐15b overexpression. Additionally, miR‐15b knockdown inhibited tumour growth activity in a mouse PCa xenograft model. Taken together, our findings indicate that miR‐15b promotes the progression of PCa cells by targeting RECK and represents a potential marker for patients with PCa.
ACE2‐EPC‐EXs protect ageing ECs against hypoxia/reoxygenation‐induced injury through the miR‐18a/Nox2/ROS pathway
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Wang Jinju , Ma Xiaotang , Wang Wenjun , Zhao Bin , Chen Yanfang , Chen Can , Bihl Ji C. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOxidative stress is one of the mechanisms of ageing‐associated vascular dysfunction. Angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and microRNA (miR)‐18a have shown to be down‐regulated in ageing cells. Our previous study has shown that ACE2‐primed endothelial progenitor cells (ACE2‐EPCs) have protective effects on endothelial cells (ECs), which might be due to their released exosomes (EXs). Here, we aimed to investigate whether ACE2‐EPC‐EXs could attenuate hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)‐induced injury in ageing ECs through their carried miR‐18a. Young and angiotensin II‐induced ageing ECs were subjected to H/R and co‐cultured with vehicle (medium), EPC‐EXs, ACE2‐EPCs‐EXs, ACE2‐EPCs‐EXs + DX600 or ACE2‐EPCs‐EXs with miR‐18a deficiency (ACE2‐EPCs‐EXsanti‐miR‐18a). Results showed (1) ageing ECs displayed increased senescence, apoptosis and ROS production, but decreased ACE2 and miR‐18a expressions and tube formation ability; (2) under H/R condition, ageing ECs showed higher rate of apoptosis, ROS overproduction and nitric oxide reduction, up‐regulation of Nox2, down‐regulation of ACE2, miR‐18a and eNOS, and compromised tube formation ability; (3) compared with EPC‐EXs, ACE2‐EPC‐EXs had better efficiencies on protecting ECs from H/R‐induced changes; (4) The protective effects were less seen in ACE2‐EPCs‐EXs + DX600 and ACE2‐EPCs‐EXsanti‐miR‐18a groups. These data suggest that ACE‐EPCs‐EXs have better protective effects on H/R injury in ageing ECs which could be through their carried miR‐18a and subsequently down‐regulating the Nox2/ROS pathway.
SRRintronic variation inhibits expression of its neighbouringSMG6 gene and protects against temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Tao Hua , Zhou Xu , Xie Qian , Ma Zhonghua , Sun Fuhai , Cui Lili , Cai Yujie , Ma Guoda , Fu Jiawu , Liu Zhou , Li You , Zhou Haihong , Zhao Jianghao , Chen Yanyan , Mai Hui , Chen Ying , Chen Jun , Qi Wei , Sun Chaowen , Zhao Bin , Li Keshen 
Published: January 2018

AbstractD‐serine is a predominant N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor co‐agonist with glutamate, and excessive activation of the receptor plays a substantial role in epileptic seizures. Serine racemase (SRR) is responsible for transforming L‐serine to D‐serine. In this study, we aimed to investigate the genetic roles ofSRRand a neighbouring gene, nonsense‐mediatedmRNAdecay factor (SMG6), in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Here, a total of 496TLEpatients and 528 healthy individuals were successfully genotyped for threeSRRtag single nucleotide polymorphisms. The frequencies of theGGgenotype at rs4523957 T > G were reduced in theTLEcases in the initial cohort (cohort 1) and were confirmed in the independent cohort (cohort 2). An analysis of allTLEcases in cohort 1 + 2 revealed that the seizure frequency and drug‐resistant incidence were significantly decreased in carriers of theGGgenotype at rs4523957. Intriguingly, the activity of theSMG6 promoter with the mutant allele at rs4523957 decreased by 22% in the dual‐luciferase assay, and up‐regulated expression ofSMG6 was observed in an epilepsy rat model. This study provides the first demonstration that theGGgenotype is a protective marker againstTLE. In particular, variation at rs4523957 likely inhibitsSMG6 transcription and plays a key role against susceptibility to and severity ofTLE. The significance ofSMG6 hyperfunction in epileptic seizures deserves to be investigated in future studies.
Honokiol inhibits in vitro and in vivo growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma through induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and autophagy
Authors: Huang Kao‐Jean , Kuo Chin‐Ho , Chen Shu‐Hsin , Lin Ching‐Yen , Lee Ying‐Ray 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHonokiol, an active natural product derived from Magnolia officinalis, exerted anticancer effects through a variety of mechanisms on multiple types of cancers. In this study, the molecular mechanisms of honokiol in suppressing the human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells were evaluated. Treatment of two OSCC cell lines with honokiol resulted in reducing the cell proliferation and arresting the cell cycle at G1 stage which was correlated with the down‐regulation of Cdk2 and Cdk4 and the up‐regulation of cell cycle suppressors, p21 and p27. In addition, the caspase‐dependent programmed cell death was substantially detected, and the autophagy was induced as the autophagosome formation and autophagic flux proceeded. Modulation of autophagy by autophagic inducer, rapamycin or inhibitors, 3‐MA or bafilomycin, potentiated the honokiol‐mediated anti‐OSCC effects where honokiol exerted multiple actions in suppression of MAPK pathway and regulation of Akt/mTOR or AMPK pathways. As compared to clinical therapeutic agent, 5‐FU, honokiol exhibited more potent activity against OSCC cells and synergistically enhanced the cytotoxic effect of 5‐FU. Furthermore, orally administrated honokiol exerted effective antitumour activity in vivo in OSCC‐xenografted mice. Thus, this study revealed that honokiol could be a promising candidate in preventing human OSCCs.
Co‐expression of NF‐κB‐p65 and phosphorylated NF‐κB‐p105 is associated with poor prognosis in surgically resectable non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Lin Gen , Li Chao , Huang Cheng , Zhuang Wu , Huang Yunjian , Xu Haipeng , Miao Qian , Hu Dan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractNuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) as a prognostic marker remains unclear in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we studied NF‐κB‐p65 (p65) expression and phosphorylated NF‐κB‐p105 (p‐p105) expression in NSCLC and correlated the finding with overall survival (OS) and clinicopathological features. A total of 186 archival samples from patients with surgically resectable NSCLC were probed with p65 and p‐p105 (Ser 932). The p65‐positive expression and p‐p105‐positive expression were defined as distinct nuclear p65 and cytoplasmic p‐p105 labelling in at least 1% of tumour cells, respectively. The positive staining of p65 alone, p‐p105 alone and co‐expression of p65 and p‐p105 were observed in 61 (32.8%), 90 (48.4%) and 35 (18.8%) patients, respectively. Co‐expression of p65 and p‐p105 but not of either p65 or p‐p105 alone was associated with a poor prognosis. Patients with co‐expression of p65 and p‐p105 had a shorter OS than others, median OS 26.5 months versus 64.1 months, HR 1.85 (95% CI: 1.18–2.91), P = 0.007. There was no statistically significant association between clinicopathological characteristics and either p65 or p‐p105 alone or co‐expression of p65 and p‐p105. This indicates that co‐expression of p65 and p‐p105 was a poor prognostic factor, and pathologic studies of NF‐κB expression could include multiple pathway components in NSCLC.
Genetic polymorphisms of GPR126 are functionally associated with PUMC classifications of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in a Northern Han population
Authors: Liu Gang , Liu Sen , Lin Mao , Li Xiaoxin , Chen Weisheng , Zuo Yuzhi , Liu Jiaqi , Niu Yuchen , Zhao Sen , Long Bo , Wu Zhihong , Wu Nan , Qiu Guixing 
Published: January 2018

AbstractGPR126 has been identified to be associated with AIS (Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis) in different populations, but data on the northern Chinese population are unavailable. Additionally, it is important to know the exact clinical phenotypes associated with specific genetic polymorphisms. Fourteen SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) loci in GPR126 were genotyped in 480 northern Chinese Han AIS patients and 841 controls. These patients were classified into three types based on the PUMC classification system. Luciferase assays were used to investigate their regulation of GPR126 transcription activity. Combined and stratified genotype–phenotype association analyses were conducted. The alleles rs225694, rs7774095 and rs2294773 were significantly associated with AIS (P = 0.021, 0.048 and 0.023, respectively). rs225694 and rs7774095 potentially have regulatory functions for the GRP126 gene. Correlation analysis revealed that allele A of rs225694 was a risk allele only for PUMC type II AIS (P = 0.036) and allele G of rs2294773 was a risk allele only for PUMC type I AIS (P = 0.018). In summary, rs225694, rs7774095 and rs2294773 are significantly associated with disease in northern Chinese Han AIS patients. The SNPs rs225694 and rs2294773 are associated with different AIS PUMC classifications.
Genome‐wide identification of urinary cell‐free microRNAs for non‐invasive detection of bladder cancer
Authors: Juracek Jaroslav , Peltanova Barbora , Dolezel Jan , Fedorko Michal , Pacik Dalibor , Radova Lenka , Vesela Petra , Svoboda Marek , Slaby Ondrej , Stanik Michal 
Published: January 2018

AbstractUrinary microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as clinically useful tool for early and non‐invasive detection of various types of cancer including bladder cancer (BCA). In this study, 205 patients with BCA and 99 healthy controls were prospectively enrolled. Expression profiles of urinary miRNAs were obtained using Affymetrix miRNA microarrays (2578 miRNAs) and candidate miRNAs further validated in independent cohorts using qRT‐PCR. Whole‐genome profiling identified 76 miRNAs with significantly different concentrations in urine of BCA compared to controls (P < 0.01). In the training and independent validation phase of the study, miR‐31‐5p, miR‐93‐5p and miR‐191‐5p were confirmed to have significantly higher levels in urine of patients with BCA in comparison with controls (P < 0.01). We further established 2‐miRNA‐based urinary DxScore (miR‐93‐5p, miR‐31‐5p) enabling sensitive BCA detection with AUC being 0.84 and 0.81 in the training and validation phase, respectively. Moreover, DxScore significantly differed in the various histopathological subgroups of BCA and decreased post‐operatively. In conclusion, we identified and independently validated cell‐free urinary miRNAs as promising biomarkers enabling non‐invasive detection of BCA.
Microbiological safety and quality of Italian donkey milk
Authors: Mottola Anna , Alberghini Leonardo , Giaccone Valerio , Marchetti Patrizia , Tantillo Giuseppina , Di Pinto Angela 
Published: January 2018

AbstractConsidering that few data are currently available about donkey milk microbiological quality and given the spread of food‐borne outbreaks strongly linked with the consumption of raw milk, the aim of the present study was to investigate the microbiological quality and the food safety of Italian donkey milk. Total viable count (TVC) and coagulase‐positive Staphylococcus were evaluated to verify the process hygiene criteria for donkey's milk. The presence of Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Cronobacter sakazakii, E. coli O157, and Campylobacter spp. were evaluated to estimate its food safety criteria. The study revealed that the TVC values were compliant with European legislation. Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Coagulase‐positive Staphylococcus and Cronobacter sakazakii were not detected. However, the presence of E. coli O157 and Campylobacter coli was observed, highlighting an important health‐related issue, underlining the need to implement an adequate control plan by performing intensive and continuous monitoring in order to guarantee human health.Practical applicationsDonkey's milk is considered a “pharmafood” due to its nutritional, nutraceutical, and functional properties. Indeed, it has been configured as a valid alternative foodstuff for children affected by cow's milk protein allergy, atopic, and inflammatory diseases due to its distinct chemical composition and consequently particular nutritional properties. However, undesirable pathogens responsible for food‐borne diseases harmful to humans have been detected. High hygiene standards should be followed along raw milk chain to avoid potential hazardous pathogenic bacteria spreading to consumers and microbiological parameters and criteria need to be established in raw donkey milk for human consumption. Specific sanitary control plans are required for authorized dairy donkey farms.
The use of natural ingredients in innovative Korean cosmeceuticals
Authors: Juhász Margit LW , Levin Melissa K , Marmur Ellen S 
Published: January 2018

SummaryBackgroundThe cosmeceutical industry is an ever‐growing and in demand market, especially in Asia. Korea has been on the forefront of creating the newest generation and most innovative cosmeceuticals products including ingredients such as snail secretions, starfish powder, botanical extracts, green tea, and red ginseng. Given their increasing prevalence in the cosmeceutical industry, scientists have been conducting investigations into these extracts and their properties.ObjectiveTo summarize the current literature surrounding multiple natural ingredients found in Korean cosmeceutical products.MethodsA review of the literature surrounding natural ingredients found in Korean cosmeceuticals was conducted using PubMed (U.S. National Library of Medicine).ResultsMultiple natural extracts have been found to have antiaging, antitumor, and antimelanogenic effects making them useful additives in current cosmeceutical products.ConclusionWith the public's increasing awareness of cosmeceutical products, it is important for physicians to understand the properties of these extracts in order to inform patients correctly and ensure patient safety.
Investigation of the HotDog patient warming system: detection of thermal gradients
Authors: McCarthy D. , Matz B. , Wright J. , Moore L. 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTo assess the performance of an active patient‐warming device.Materials and MethodsTemperatures of an active patient‐warming device (HotDog system) were measured at various time points using an infrared thermometer. The study was conducted in two phases: Phase 1 compared temperatures among four different areas of the warming blanket. Phase 2 compared conditions simulating different scenarios using a weighted patient simulator.ResultsPhase 1: Three out of four positions on the warming blanket had significantly different temperature measurements. Phase 2: Temperature output by the warming blanket was reduced: (1) in the absence of the patient simulator placed across the blanket (−1·9°C, P=0·013); (2) if the patient simulator was placed away from the blanket sensor (−2·0°C, P=0·009); and (3) if there was fluid between the patient simulator and warming blanket (−2·2°C, P=0·004). In a majority of measurements (95%), the set temperature of 43°C on the control unit was not reached (range, 29·8 to 42·9°C) and 2·3% of measurements were higher (range, 43·1 to 45·8°C) than the control unit set temperature of 43°C.
Clinical SignificanceMeasured temperatures on the active warming blanket did not reflect control unit settings. This could result in the potential for hyperthermic injury, ineffectual heating and uneven heat distribution.
Land carrying capacity in rural settlements of three gorges reservoir based on the system dynamic model
Authors: Guo Shili , Li Chunjie , Liu Shaoquan , Zhou Kui 
Published: January 2018

AbstractTo explore the land carry capacity of the rural settlements in Three Gorges reservoir area, this study evaluates the carrying capacity of agricultural products, economic output of the land resource, and their changing trend based on the system dynamics model by using the 2003–2012 data. The results show that: (1) in the aspect of the economic output, the population is overloaded, (2) in the aspect of the agricultural products, the population is not overloaded; and (3) under the four control scenarios, it can been found that the coordinated development program, which is the optimal solution integrating the first, second, and third programs' advantages, makes the land resources protection and economic and social development coordinated. According to the results, several strategies are put forward to improve the economic carrying capacity.Summary for Managers
The problem of economic overloading is serious for the land resources in the rural settlements of Three Gorges reservoir area.
In order to improve the economic carrying capacity, four control plans have been worked out, out of which an optimized plan has been selected on the basis of the coordination of social and economy development.
Several strategies for improving the economic carrying capacity are to develop efficient ecological agriculture and special tourism, increase investment in science and technology, and adopt pro‐active policies to encourage the migrants to move out.
An imbalance between regulatory T cells and T helper 17 cells in acetylcholine receptor–positive myasthenia gravis patients
Authors: Villegas Jose Adolfo , Van Wassenhove Jérôme , Le Panse Rozen , Berrih‐Aknin Sonia , Dragin Nadine 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA chronic autoimmune disease, myasthenia gravis (MG) is characterized in 85% of patients by antibodies directed against the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) located at the neuromuscular junction. The functional and effective balance between regulatory T cells (Treg cells) and effector T cells (Teff cells) is lost in the hyperplastic thymus of MG patients with antibodies specific for the AChR (AChR+ MG patients). The objective of this review is to describe how Treg cells and inflammatory T cells participate in this imbalance and contribute to induce a chronic inflammatory state in the MG thymus. We discuss the origins and characteristics of Treg cells and their reported dysfunctions in AChR+ MG patients. We also review the inflammatory condition observed in MG thymus, including overexpression of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐23, cytokines that promote the differentiation of T helper 17 (TH17) cells and the expression of IL‐17. We summarize the preclinical models used to determine the implication of expression of cytokines, such as IL‐6, IL‐12 (IL‐23 subunit), IL‐17, and interferon γ to the development of experimental autoimmune MG. Finally, we suggest that biological agents, such as humanized monoclonal antibodies that target the IL‐23/TH17 pathway, should be investigated in the context of MG, as they have proven efficiency in other autoimmune diseases.
Staff personhood in dementia care settings: “Do they care about me?”
Authors: Cooke Heather A. 
Published: January 2018

Aims and objectivesThis article aims to examine RCAs’ own experiences of personhood in dementia care settings.BackgroundConceptually, person‐centred care entails fostering the personhood of residents and the residential care aides (RCAs) who provide much of their hands‐on care. To date, however, staff personhood has been overlooked in the empirical literature.DesignThe study was part of a larger focused ethnographic project exploring how the organisational care environment impedes or facilitates the provision of quality dementia care.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews with 23 RCAs and more than 230 hours of participant observation were conducted in two nursing homes with specialised dementia units in British Columbia, Canada.ResultsTwo overarching themes, “personhood undermined—management‐staff relations” and “personhood undermined—workplace policies and practices” emerged, illustrating how, despite exposure to features believed beneficial to their working environment (e.g., favourable staffing ratios, relatively good remuneration), RCAs encountered repeated affronts to their personhood. The first theme encompasses the importance of being known (i.e., as persons and of their job demands) and valued (i.e., appreciated for their work in non‐monetary terms). The second highlights the salience of work‐life balance, full‐staffing coverage and supportive human resource practices.ConclusionsRCAs’ experiences reveal how the ongoing search for cost‐efficiencies, cost‐containment and cost‐accountability overshadows their individuality, indicating a key disconnect between conceptual ideals and workplace realities.Implications for practiceOrganisations are encouraged to consider creating person‐centred management and workplace practices that provide tangible evidence that RCAs, and their work, matter.
Older people's perceptions of the quality of oral care in short‐term care units: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Andersson Maria , Wilde‐Larsson Bodil , Carlsson Eva , Persenius Mona 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundThere is a lack of knowledge about oral care among older people living in short‐term care (STC) units and how the quality of oral care provided by nursing staff is perceived by the older people.AimTo (i) describe person‐related conditions among older people in STC, (ii) describe and compare perceptions of the quality of oral care (including perceptions of care received and the subjective importance of such care), within and between older people who have the ability to perform oral self‐care and those who are dependent on help with oral care and (iii) examine the relationship between person‐related conditions and the quality of oral care.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted with 391 older people in STC units in Sweden based on self‐reported questionnaire and clinical assessments.ResultsThe older people were assessed as having normal oral health (2%), moderate oral health problems (78%) or severe oral health problems (20%). When comparing older people's perceptions of quality of oral care in terms of perceived reality and subjective importance, significant differences appeared within and between groups. Psychological well‐being had a significant relationship with perception of the quality of oral care (both perceived reality and subjective importance), and gender and oral health status had a significant relationship with subjective importance.ConclusionsOlder people's perceptions of areas for improvement regarding quality of oral care is a new and important knowledge for nursing staff in STC units. Older people want personalised information regarding oral health and oral care. Registered Nurses who take the responsibility in nursing care for older people's oral health may avoid unnecessary suffering by older people caused by oral health problems.Implications for practiceOlder people's perspective is an important component for quality work and might lead to improvements in the quality of oral care in STC.