bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monocyte‐to‐Albumin Ratio Is Associated With Hematoma Expansion in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Fu Jie , Xu Yilin , Chen Xiu , Li Jinglun , Peng Lilei 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundHematoma expansion (HE) after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe complication that independently predicts poor prognosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether monocyte‐to‐albumin ratio (MAR), a novel marker of systemic inflammation, could predict HE in patients with ICH.MethodsWe retrospectively assessed the data of patients with ICH. The clinical, imaging, and laboratory test data including, the MAR on admission, were analyzed. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to explore the relationship between MAR and hematoma growth. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to investigate the predictive value of MAR for HE after ICH.ResultsA total of 246 patients were included in the present study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the MAR was associated with HE (odds ratio [OR] = 1.179; 95% confidence interval, 1.093–1.272; p = 0.000). ROC curve analysis showed that MAR could predict HE, with an area under the curve of 0.802 (95% CI: 0.744–0.859, p < 0.001). The optimal predictive cutoff value of MAR for HE was 10.01 (sensitivity: 72.43%, specificity: 77.05%).ConclusionsOur results suggested that a high MAR on admission was associated with an increased risk of HE in ICH patients, and MAR can become an independent predictor of HE in ICH patients.
Diagnostic Value of Serum Apolipoprotein B100 Combined With Hippocampal Volume in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Zhang Dandan , Wu Jing , Ren Guoqiang , Wang Yi , Xu Hang , Chen Siyuan , Li Xuezhong , Chen Xiaopeng 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeTo explore the diagnostic value of serum apolipoprotein B100 (Apo B100) combined with hippocampal volume in Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsA total of 59 AD patients and 59 healthy subjects were selected. The Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used for neuropsychological assessment. Blood glucose and serum lipid levels were detected by biochemical analyzer. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect apolipoprotein E (Apo E) ε3/ε4 genotypes in the plasma. Hippocampal volume was calculated using Slicer software. Independent‐sample t test or Mann–Whitney U test were used to compare the levels of various indicators between the two groups. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between each level. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to compare the diagnostic efficacy of individual and combined detection of serum Apo B100 levels and hippocampal volume in AD.ResultsCompared with the healthy control group, the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), Apo B100, and plasma Apo E ε3/ε4 were higher in the AD group, and serum high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) level was lower in the AD group (both p < 0.05). The hippocampal volume in the AD group was lower than in the control group (p < 0.01). The serum Apo B100 level was negatively correlated with MMSE score (r = −0.646), whereas hippocampal volume was positively correlated with MMSE score (r = 0.630). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of the combined serum Apo B100 level and hippocampal volume for AD was higher than that of either alone (AUC = 0.821, p < 0.01).ConclusionSerum Apo B100 level is elevated, and the hippocampal volume is reduced in AD patients. The combined detection of the two has a higher diagnostic efficiency for AD than other alone and has the potential to become an important indicator for the diagnosis of AD in the future.
Sustainability‐based value creation within a multi‐stakeholder network: Balancing expectation conflicts within the Amazon context
Authors: Dias Gabriela Nobre , Hamza Kavita Miadaira , Lievens Annouk , Moons Ingrid 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe current paper reports on ways to better co‐create sustainability‐based value in multi‐stakeholder networks by focusing on stakeholder expectations, their resulting conflicts, and feasible interventions. Indeed, the literature review reveals a growing research focus on multi‐stakeholder networks involving non‐governmental organizations, traditional communities, and companies operating in vulnerable natural environments. This research interest is driven by the growing need for forest preservation and its impact on creating a more sustainable ecosystem. Our study uses the case of Origens Brasil, a multi‐stakeholder network promoting ethical trade and protection of the Amazon Forest, and involves 47 interviews, and observational data. We contribute by identifying stakeholder expectations and shedding light on the unique conflicts that emerge from differences in these expectations. Furthermore, we developed a framework for sustainability‐based value creation derived from expectation conflict intervening.
Application of MS Excel and FastTest PlugIn to automatically evaluate the students' performance in structural engineering courses
Authors: Huerta‐Gomez‐Merodio M. , Requena‐Garcia‐Cruz M. V. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn recent years, the method of assessment in universities has been rapidly changing, shifting from entirely in‐person evaluations to a blended evaluation approach (b‐Learning).PurposeTo effectively implement this type of assessment, it is necessary to create numerous similar problems with different data sets. In structural engineering courses, this entails a significant amount of work for the lecturers. Therefore, this work introduces a novel teaching and evaluation strategy leveraging technology to automate tasks, aiming to enhance student monitoring and alleviate lecturer workload.MethodThe digital platform Moodle has been used combined with the FastTest PlugIn to create computer coding to develop different problems. These problems, maintaining consistent structures but varying data, served both instructional and evaluative purposes in two structural engineering courses. As a novelty, these problems are automatically evaluated and created following the coding routine created. Some drawbacks have been identified while applying the method. Scientifically validated quizzes have been used to assess the efficacy of the method in engaging students and enhancing their confidence and satisfaction.ResultsFindings suggest that while initial setup requires additional time, the investment pays off in the grading efficiency, benefiting educators and students alike. The method has facilitated the creation of additional exercises for practice, and the inclusion of automatically corrected diagrams was appreciated by students. The results have indicated that this method has improved the motivation, attention, and confidence among students, leading to significant enhancements in academic performance, up to 40%.ConclusionsThis methodology has achieved positive responses from students. Hence, it is concluded that the time invested in developing structural engineering problems using MS Excel and the FastTest PlugIn in Moodle is worthwhile, as it motivates students to improve their academic performance. Furthermore, as the main outcome, it is shown that the time invested by the lecturer in developing the problems is amortized in subsequent academic years since the problems are graded automatically. For courses with many students, it is amortized sooner.
Reflections from LGBTQIA+ individuals of their past experiences of psychotherapy and counselling and the use of creative therapy—A qualitative study
Authors: Crummy Mark , Hansford Suzy 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrevious literature tends to suggest that the LGBTQIA+ community face higher rates of mental disorders and illnesses. This appears to be due to minority stress as a result of the discrimination and hostility towards the community from society. In relation to psychotherapy and/or counselling, affirmative therapy has been found to be helpful; however, it is clear from the literature that the LGBTQIA+ population do not feel accepted or understood when accessing mental health support.MethodParticipants were invited to take part in an interview consisting of open‐ended questions relating to the topic of interest. Following this, a thematic analysis was completed.FindingsThe thematic analysis revealed four main themes: these were ‘sexuality and gender within the therapeutic relationship’, ‘desirable characteristics and attributes in a therapist’, ‘undesirable characteristics and attributes in a therapist’ and ‘creative therapy’.Implications for PracticeThe results could be used to inform mental health practitioners of the importance of cultural competency in relation to the LGBTQIA+ community, as well as helping aid how to approach sexuality and/or gender in a therapeutic space. The conclusions also highlight the need for practitioners to explore context with LGBTQIA+ clients rather than solely emotion focus.ConclusionThis study indicated that the LGBTQIA+ community prefer working with LGBTQIA+ therapists due to a shared lived experience and perceived baseline understanding of each other. It was also found that context was important for them in therapy, rather than emotion focus, and creative therapy was also shown to be useful for the community.
Deregulation of Melatonin Receptors and Differential Modulation of After‐Hyperpolarization and Ih Currents Using Melatonin Treatment Due to Amyloid‐β‐Induced Neurotoxicity in the Hippocampus
Authors: Eslamizade Mohammad J. , Saffarzadeh Fatemeh , Khatami Sanaz , Davoudi Shima , Soleimani Zahra , Anajafi Sara , Khoshnazar Amineh , Mehdizadeh Mehdi , Mohammadi‐Yeganeh Samira , Janahmadi Mahyar 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTTreatment with melatonin is routinely prescribed for its potent antioxidant and cognitive‐promoting effects, nevertheless, it has yet to find neuromodulatory effects in normal and disease conditions. Therefore, to investigate its neuromodulatory mechanisms, melatonin was systemically administered over 10 consecutive days to both intracortical normal saline‐ and amyloid‐β 1‐42 (Aβ) peptide‐injected rats. At the behavioral level, treatment with melatonin was associated with reduced efficacy in restoring Aβ‐induced deficit in passive‐avoidance memory. Whole‐cell patch‐clamp recordings from CA1 pyramidal neurons revealed that melatonin treatment reduced spontaneous and evoked intrinsic excitability in control rats while exerting a reduction of spontaneous, but not evoked activity, in the Aβ‐injected group. Interestingly, treatment with melatonin enhances after‐hyperpolarization in control, but not Aβ‐injected rats. In contrast, our voltage‐clamp study showed that Ih current is significantly enhanced by Aβ injection, and this effect is further strengthened by treatment with melatonin in Aβ‐injected rats. Finally, we discovered that the transcription of melatonin receptors 1 (MT1) and 2 (MT2) is significantly upregulated in the hippocampi of Aβ‐injected rats. Collectively, our study demonstrates that systemic treatment with melatonin has differential neuromodulation on CA1 neuronal excitability, at least in part, via differential effects on after‐hyperpolarization and Ih currents due to Aβ‐induced neurotoxicity.
Expanding the “Terpenome”: Applications of Unspecific Peroxygenases (UPOs) in Oxidations of Unnatural Terpenoids
Authors: Struwe Henry , Grimm Christopher , Dräger Gerald , Beutel Sascha , Alcalde Miguel , Kirschning Andreas , Kara Selin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAn unnatural tricyclic oxaterpenoid, obtained by treatment of the sesquiterpene synthase presilphiperfolan‐8β‐ol synthase (BcBOT2) with an unnatural farnesyl pyrophosphate ether derivative, itself obtained by chemical synthesis, was converted in oxidation studies as part of a broad screening program by selected unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs). Product analysis revealed that Agrocybe aegerita UPO, its mutant PaDa‐I, and two commercial ones, UPO54 and UPO49, provided new oxidation products with sufficient efficiency for subsequent upscaling that allowed product isolation and structure elucidation. As such new terpene‐based oxiranes and hemiacetals were formed by UPO‐mediated epoxidations and CH‐activation. The structure elucidation was further supported by comparison with products generated by chemical oxidation.
A Reusable Polystyrene Support for Sustainable yet Cost‐effective Octreotide Synthesis
Authors: Kushwaha Priyanka , Madhavan Nandita 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of peptide drugs has become facile with the use of supports that enable easy separation of the growing peptide. Peptide synthesis on insoluble supports typically employs excess reagents to enhance reaction efficiency and faces challenges during intramolecular cyclization. A non‐crosslinked soluble polystyrene support is reported herein that improves cyclization efficiency on the support by using spacers. The support efficiency is illustrated by synthesizing octreotide drug in a scalable manner by on‐support cyclization. The methodology drastically reduces the reagent waste, raw‐material cost, and solvent requirement. The support can also be recovered and re‐used up to 3 times making this a very sustainable method.
A review of multiscale numerical modeling of rock mechanics and rock engineering
Authors: Wei Xindong , Li Zhe , Zhao Gaofeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRock is geometrically and mechanically multiscale in nature, and the traditional phenomenological laws at the macroscale cannot render a quantitative relationship between microscopic damage of rocks and overall rock structural degradation. This may lead to problems in the evaluation of rock structure stability and safe life. Multiscale numerical modeling is regarded as an effective way to gain insight into factors affecting rock properties from a cross‐scale view. This study compiles the history of theoretical developments and numerical techniques related to rock multiscale issues according to different modeling architectures, that is, the homogenization theory, the hierarchical approach, and the concurrent approach. For these approaches, their benefits, drawbacks, and application scope are underlined. Despite the considerable attempts that have been made, some key issues still result in multiple challenges. Therefore, this study points out the perspectives of rock multiscale issues so as to provide a research direction for the future. The review results show that, in addition to numerical techniques, for example, high‐performance computing, more attention should be paid to the development of an advanced constitutive model with consideration of fine geometrical descriptions of rock to facilitate solutions to multiscale problems in rock mechanics and rock engineering.
Recent advances in functionalized separator for dendrites‐free and stable lithium metal batteries
Authors: Zhang Xiaojuan , Wu Yu , Yu Bo , Hu Kunpeng , Zhang Ping , Ding Fei , Zhang Lin , Chen Yuanfu , Ou Jian Zhen , Zhang Zhigang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLithium (Li) metal anode is considered the “Holy grail” for the most promising next‐generation rechargeable lithium metal batteries (LMBs) because of ultra‐high theoretical specific capacity, ultra‐low reduction potential and small density. However, uncontrolled lithium dendrite growth and inevitable side reaction seriously hindered the application of practical LMBs because of the deteriorating electrochemical performances and exacerbating the safety issues of LMBs. Thus, improving the electrochemical performances of LMBs by constructed of functionalized separator is promising for overcoming the above‐mentioned challenges due to its' significantly advantages, such as enhancing mechanical and thermal stability, regulating the diffusion and migration of Li ions, homogenizing Li ion flux, forming protective layer on Li anode surfaces, etc. The relational investigations have significantly increased since 2020, while the comprehensive reviews on this research direction are relatively rare, especially in the detailed mechanism aspects. In this review, an overview in functionalized separator for stable LMBs is discussed in detail. Firstly, the current issues of LMBs are in‐depth discussion and the general strategies are summarized. Subsequently, the requirements and limitations of separator, as well as the advantages of functionalized separator are summarized and reviewed. Most importantly, the protection mechanisms and research advances of advanced functionalized separator are comprehensively discussed and summarized. Furthermore, the applications of functionalized separator in rechargeable lithium metal‐based full cells are reviewed. Finally, the challenges and potential opportunities for the future development and rational design of functionalized separator are highlighted in rechargeable LMBs to obtain future research directions related to the significant strategy of constructing dendrite‐free and stable LMBs.
Summer primary production of Arctic kelp communities is more affected by duration than magnitude of simulated marine heatwaves
Authors: Miller Cale A. , Gazeau Frédéric , Lebrun Anaïs , Alliouane Samir , Urrutti Pierre , Schlegel Robert W. , Gattuso Jean‐Pierre , Comeau Steeve 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFjord systems in the Norwegian Arctic are experiencing an increasing frequency and magnitude of marine heatwaves. These episodic heat stress events can have varying degrees of acute impacts on primary production and nutrient uptake of mixed kelp communities, as well as modifying the biogeochemical cycling in nearshore systems where vast areas of kelp create structural habitat. To assess the impact of future marine heatwaves on kelp communities, we conducted a 23 day mesocosm experiment exposing mixed kelp communities to warming and heatwave scenarios projected for the year 2100. Three treatments were considered: a constant warming (+1.8°C from the control), a medium magnitude and long duration heatwave event (+2.8°C from the control for 13 days), and two short‐term, more intense, heatwaves(5 day long scenarios with temperature peaks at +3.9°C from the control). The results show that both marine heatwave treatments reduced net community production, whereas the constant warm temperature treatment displayed no difference from the control. The long marine heatwave scenario resulted in reduced accumulated net community production, indicating that prolonged exposure had a greater severity than two high magnitude, short‐term heatwave events. We estimated an 11°C temperature threshold at which negative effects to primary production appeared present. We highlight that marine heatwaves can induce sublethal effects on kelp communities by depressing net community production. These results are placed in the context of potential physiological resilience of kelp communities and implications of reduced net community production to future Arctic fjord environmental conditions.
On the move: Influence of animal movements on count error during drone surveys
Authors: Schultz Emma A. , Ellison‐Neary Natasha , Boudreau Melanie R. , Street Garrett M. , Jones Landon R. , Evans Kristine O. , Iglay Raymond B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe use of remote sensing to monitor animal populations has greatly expanded during the last decade. Drones (i.e., Unoccupied Aircraft Systems or UAS) provide a cost‐ and time‐efficient remote sensing option to survey animals in various landscapes and sampling conditions. However, drone‐based surveys may also introduce counting errors, especially when monitoring mobile animals. Using an agent‐based model simulation approach, we evaluated the error associated with counting a single animal across various drone flight patterns under three animal movement strategies (random, directional persistence, and biased toward a resource) among five animal speeds (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 m/s). Flight patterns represented increasing spatial independence (ranging from lawnmower pattern with image overlap to systematic point counts). Simulation results indicated that flight pattern was the most important variable influencing count accuracy, followed by the type of animal movement pattern, and then animal speed. A awnmower pattern with 0% overlap produced the most accurate count of a solitary, moving animal on a landscape (average count of 1.1 ± 0.6) regardless of the animal's movement pattern and speed. Image overlap flight patterns were more likely to result in multiple counts even when accounting for mosaicking. Based on our simulations, we recommend using a lawnmower pattern with 0% image overlap to minimize error and augment drone efficacy for animal surveys. Our work highlights the importance of understanding interactions between animal movements and drone survey design on count accuracy to inform the development of broad applications among diverse species and ecosystems.
Long‐term monitoring of a population of greater horseshoe bat emphasises the importance of a pest beetle prey on demographic trends
Authors: Mammola Stefano , Pastorino Alberto , Debernardi Paolo , Patriarca Elena , Garzoli Laura 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe global decline in insect biomass has far‐reaching implications for terrestrial and freshwater food webs, impacting species reliant on insects as a crucial component of their diet. This issue extends to species traditionally considered agricultural pests, such as the common cockchafer Melolontha melolontha. In the race to combat cockchafers through collection, insecticide use, and other control methods, the repercussions of their numerical fluctuations on predators, including species of high conservation importance like bats, have been largely overlooked. Drawing on 31‐years of monitoring data for a greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum population in the Aosta Valley (Western Italian Alps), we investigated whether annual fluctuations in bat counts are influenced by cockchafer availability and weather conditions. Despite an overall positive trend in bat abundance, we observed pronounced annual fluctuations, mostly driven by cockchafer availability rather than variations in temperature and precipitation. Furthermore, we found a significant association between cockchafer availability and the median date of birth and birth rate of bats. Births occurred approximately 5 days earlier in cockchafer flight years, with earlier births also linked to warmer spring temperatures and higher numbers of warm days in April. Moreover, the ratio pups/older bats was 0.56 in cockchafer flight years, compared to 0.47 in other years. Our results underscore the importance of considering predator–prey dynamics when examining the long‐term population trends of species of conservation concern. We recommend implementing restrictions on the use of chemicals and other potentially harmful practices that may diminish prey abundance or quality, including that of species considered as agricultural pests. In designing conservation strategies, a delicate balance should be struck between the current interests of farmers and the overarching goal of preserving biodiversity against potential future threats.