bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Shaping, Enactment and Interpretation of the First Hate-Crime Law in the United Kingdom - An Informative and Illustrative Lesson for South Africa
Authors: Naidoo Kamban 
Published: October 2017

Hate crimes are crimes that are motivated by personal prejudice or bias. Hate-crime laws criminalise such conduct and allow for the imposition of aggravated penalties on convicted perpetrators. This article examines the historical, social and political factors which influenced the shaping and enactment of the first British hate-crime law. The South African context is also considered since the Department of Justice has recently released the Prevention and Combatting of Hate Crimes and Hate Speech Bill for public commentary and input.
While Britain has had a long historical record of criminal conduct that was motivated by the race and the ethnicity of victims, it was only in the twentieth century that civil society first drew attention to the problem of violent racist crimes. Nevertheless, successive British governments denied the problem of racist crimes and refused to consider the enactment of a hate-crime law. Following a high-profile racist murder and a governmental inquiry, a British Labour Party-led government eventually honoured its pre-election commitment and passed a hate-crime law in 1998.
Some parallels are apparent between the British and the South African contexts. South Africa also has a long historical record of racially motivated hate crimes. Moreover, in the post-apartheid era there have been numerous reports of racist hate crimes and hate crimes against Black lesbian women and Black foreigners. Despite several appeals from the academic and non-governmental sectors for the enactment of a hate-crime law, and the circulation for public commentary of the Prevention and Combating of Hate Crimes and Hate Speech Bill, such a law has hitherto not been enacted in South Africa. This article posits that the enactment of a hate-crime law is a constitutional imperative in South Africa in terms of the right to equality and the right to freedom and security of the person. While the enactment of a hate-crime law in South Africa is recommended, it is conceded that enacting a hate-crime law will not eradicate criminal conduct motivated by prejudice and bias.
El libro de artista como work in progress: Urban Book de Alejandro Villabazo / Art Book as work in progress: Urban Book by Alejandro Villalbazo
Authors: Ledezma Campos Miguel Angel 
Published: October 2017

El presente texto analiza la expansión de las relaciones entre la historia y la antropología a través de las poéticas del desplazamiento y el libro de artista, tomando como caso de estudio el proyecto Urban Book. Art Book as work in progress: Urban Book by Alejandro VillalbazoThe present text analyzes the expansion of the relations between history and anthropology through the poetics of displacement and art book, taking as a case study the Urban Book project.
UNA HISTORIA QUE CONTAR Serie de estampas de gran formato Variaciones a partir de las mismas planchas / A story to tell Series of large format prints Variations from the same plates
Authors: Evangelio Rodríguez Fernando 
Published: October 2017

Desarrollo de un proceso complejo de grabado y estampación por combinación de técnicas, materiales y recursos metodológicos, orientado a obtener, a partir de variaciones en la interrealación de las matrices empleadas, resultados diversos. Al final se muestra cómo este modo de trabajar da lugar a conjunto de estampas diferentes pero con una vinculación discursiva, que permite mostralas agrupandolas en una secuencia, como es el caso del tríptico presentado, y también en forma de imágenes independientes.A story to tell Series of large format prints Variations from the same platesThe series titled A story to tell is a set of large format prints (180 x 69 cm.) Made by embossing and hollow. The genesis of this series is forged by a confluence of feelings, memories and concerns, whose original detonating part of the decision to use for the two wood plates the worn board of a table that had been in my studio for more than three decades, and which had Status in use to date. As it is to be expected, after so many years the board had a large baggage of layers of paint, traces of friction, blows and memories of all kinds, it was a work table, although it had served so much to draw, to paint, to varnish, Etc., such as eating, chatting or playing cards about her, and I had been accompanied by four different studies.For all this, the present essay treats a story to tell that is articulated around the preparation of the board for its new function, while in my mind are recreating all the experiences that day by day had been accompanying us to the present.
Indicadores para avaliação da qualidade da assistência de enfermagem: estudo descritivo-exploratório
Authors: Pinto Vitoria Regina , Cruz Machado Ferreira Simone 
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: identificar os principais indicadores para avaliação da qualidade da assistência de enfermagem na perspectiva de enfermeiros. Método: pesquisa descritivo-exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa, com 14 enfermeiros de unidades de clínica médica de um hospital universitário do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados foram coletados por entrevista semiestruturada e tratados por estatística descritiva e análise de conteúdo. Resultados: segundo relatos dos enfermeiros, os três indicadores prioritários foram: incidência de lesão por pressão, incidência de queda e incidência de flebite. Conclusão: A avaliação dos fatores de riscos que podem desencadear a lesão por pressão, a queda e a flebite está no âmbito de atuação do enfermeiro, que podem desenvolver estratégias preventivas que se alicerçam em protocolos de enfermagem, como a mudança de decúbito, a avaliação e troca de dispositivos de acesso vascular.
Prevenção e controle de infecção na formação do enfermeiro: estudo descritivo
Authors: Sousa Alvaro Francisco Lopes de , Matos Matheus Costa Brandão , Matos João Gabriel Noleto Ferreira de , Sousa Laelson Rochele Milanês , Moura Maria Eliete Batista , Andrade Denise de 
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: oferecer subsídios para ampliar a discussão do ensino das práticas de prevenção e controle de infecção na formação do profissional de enfermagem. Material e Métodos: pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, fundamentada no método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Participaram 42 discentes de enfermagem, de uma instituição de ensino superior brasileira. Os dados foram processados e analisados pela Classificação Hierárquica Descendente. Resultados: obteve-se quatro classes relacionadas ao cuidado de enfermagem na prevenção e controle da infecção, as bases conceituais, responsabilidades e aquisição de conhecimentos para uma assistência segura. Conclusão: a formação de recursos humanos na área de enfermagem com ênfase na prevenção e controle da infecção representa um desafio especialmente pela constante evolução da temática. Neste cenário dinâmico, o ensino de enfermagem exige, entre outros aspectos, superar fragilidades e equívocos conceituais para o desenvolvimento de uma assistência à saúde segura e livre de danos.
Fatores associados ao desempenho no Mini Exame do Estado Mental: estudo transversal
Authors: Blanski Grden Clóris Regina , Da Rocha July Hellen Linhares , Cabral Luciane Patrícia Andreani , De Sousa Jacy Aurélia Vieira , Reche Péricles Martim , Borges Pollyanna Kássia de Oliveira 
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: identificar os fatores associados ao desempenho no Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) de idosos atendidos em um ambulatório de especialidades. Método: estudo transversal, com amostra por conveniência, constituída por 216 idosos que aguardavam consulta no ambulatório de especialidades, no período de março a junho de 2015, com aplicação de instrumento estruturado e do MEEM. Para análise, utilizou-se o software Stata versão 12® e os resultados foram considerados estatisticamente significativos quando p<0,05. Resultados: houve predomínio do sexo feminino (54%), casados (44%), que moravam com o cônjuge (41%), e com baixa escolaridade (70%). Identificou-se associação significativa entre o desempenho no MEEM e sexo (p=0,001), escolaridade (p=0,001), renda (p=0,001), arranjo domiciliar (p=0,002), renda mensal individual (p=0,001). Conclusão: identificar precocemente o declínio cognitivo e fatores associados possibilita que estratégias de prevenção e/ou tratamento sejam implementadas pelos profissionais de saúde, em especial o enfermeiro.
Absenteísmo, rotatividade e indicadores de qualidade do cuidado em enfermagem: estudo transversal
Authors: Tigre de Arruda Leitão Ilse Maria , Pereira de Sousa Fernando Sérgio , Cavalcante dos Santos Santiago Jenifa , Cavalcante Bezerra Indara , Borges de Morais Jamine 
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: analisar os índices de absenteísmo e rotatividade e sua relação com indicadores de qualidade assistenciais. Método: estudo transversal, quantitativo, realizado com registros de ausências/trocas de 59 profissionais de enfermagem de unidade de terapia intensiva; registro dos indicadores de qualidade/incidência e prontuários dos 108 pacientes internados no período da coleta. Utilizou-se coeficiente de correlação linear entre indicadores de gestão e de qualidade assistencial. Resultados: médias das taxas de absenteísmo alcançaram 9,41% (enfermeiros) e 12,52% (técnicos); índices de rotatividade alcançaram 2,53% (enfermeiros) e 3,57% (técnicos). Houve correlação forte (r>0,7) entre: rotatividade dos enfermeiros e incidência de extubação acidental (p=0,464); taxa de absenteísmo dos técnicos e perda de sonda nasoenteral (p=0,300); lesão por pressão (p=0,100) e perda de cateter central (p=0,200) que também foi correlacionado com taxa de absenteísmo dos enfermeiros (p=0113). Conclusão: Os resultados elucidados subsidiam condutas para a gestão de pessoas e melhoria da assistência, visando reduzir danos ao paciente.
Effects of ghrelin agonist and antagonist on endogenous desacyl-ghrelin content in the brain limbical structures under psychoemotional stress in rats
Authors: Khokhlov Platon P. , Tsikunov Sergey G. , Tissen Ilia Yu. , Lebedev Andrei A. , Bychkov Eugenii R. , Shabanov Petr D. 
Published: October 2017

Background. During last years it has been shown the ghrelin signaling system not only regulates energy balance and food intake. It also takes part in reinforcement mechanisms and addiction formation. So the ghrelin system may be considered as possible molecular target to study addiction treatment and post-stressor pharmacological modulation.
The aim of this work was to study the effects of ghrelin agonist and antagonist administration on des-acyl ghrelin (DAG) content in the brain structures under stress exposure in Wistar rats.
Methods. The acute psychoemotional stress was realized by means of exposure of experimental rats to predator, a tiger python. Ghrelin or ghrelin antagonist D-Lys3-GHRP-6 (Tocris, UK) 10 µg in 20 µl administered intranasally for 7 days after stress exposure. Then brain structures were obtained, homogenized with cryogenic system “Cryomill 200” (Retsch, Germany) and investigated with high-sensitive ELISA (SP-BIO, France). Results. DAG have been detected in every brain structures studied. That are amygdala, hippocampus and hypothalamus. In control group of animals the DAG concentration in hypothalamus was 3-fold more comparning to hippocampus and 2-fold more conparning to amygdala content. The acute stress have dramatically 8-12-fold decrease of DAG concentrations in every brain structures studied. The pharmacological actions on GHSR receptor by ghrelin agonist and antagonist have not affect significant changes in DAG concentrations in every brain structures.
Conclusions. The different concentrations of DAG in brain structures in control gtoup supports the view about ghrelin releasing neurons in the hypothalamus. Intranasal administration of ghrelin agonist and antagonist changes the levels of DAG in the hippocampus and the hypothalamus but not in the amygdala nucleus. Our data confirm the opinion about ghrelin-releasing neurons in hypothalamus. The experiments showed the acute stress had caused great depression of ghrelin system in various brain structures. The response of ghrelin system to acute stress occur possibly besides GHSR receptor pathway. The last have been suggested by absence of significant response to ghrelin agonist and antagonist administration.
Prospective study on clinical outcomes of lichtensteins tension free inguinal hernioplasty under local anaesthesia
Authors: Brar Navjot Singh , Bajwa Rajbir Singh 
Published: October 2017

Background: Hernia may be generally defined as a protrusion of viscus or part of a viscus though an abnormal opening in the walls of its containing cavity. The Greek word ‘hernia’ means an offshoot, a budding or bulge. But the Latin word ‘hernia’ means a rupture or tear. The most important principle in reconstruction surgery is to avoid tension when restoring the muscular or elastic structures. The modern biologically based concept for repair of groin hernia, acquired during adult life, is application of a patch, avoidance of tension and use of local, spinal or epidermal anaesthesia.Methods: Present study is a Prospective study conducted in the Department of General Surgery in Sri Guru Ramdas Medical College and Hospital. Patients admitted in wards with inguinal hernia from General Surgery out-patient Department were selected for study. The study consisted of 60 patients between 15 to 74 years; The study period is from April 2015 to September 2016. The main aim and objective of any hernia repair is to avoid any recurrence and also acceptability to the patient in terms of pain, discomfort, other complications during follow up and obviously in terms of cost- effectiveness of repair.Results: The present study comprises 60 cases of inguinal hernia who were admitted in the wards of Department of General Surgery in the Sri Guru Ramdas Institute of Medical sciences and research. The study was carried out during span of 1½ years. All of these cases were studied prospectively and results were analysed from various angles. Among total 60 cases in this study, maximum cases belonged to age group 35-44 years ;15 (25%) and minimum to age group 65-74 years 5 (8.3%). Case distribution as per type of hernia, it was observed that among total 60 cases 34 (56.67%)had inguinal hernia and rest 26 (43.3%) had inguino scrotal hernia. Most 0f the cases had right sided hernia 35 (58.33%), left sided hernia was seen only in 23 cases (38.33%) whereas bilateral hernia was present in 2 (3.33%).Conclusions: From our results of observations in the study we can conclude that-The methods of Lichtenstein’s tension free inguinal hernioplasty under local anaesthesia is safe, simple, effective, economical, and without any side effects such as hypotension, nausea, vomiting, urinary retention, and spinal headache.
Estudo etnobotânico em quintais agroflorestais em bairro na Cidade de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso
Authors: Spiler Carla , Coelho Maria de Fatima Barbosa , Gonçalves Vanessa Damasceno , Piton Ludmila Porto , Camili Elisangela Clarete 
Published: October 2017

<p>Os quintais são espaços de uso, manejo e conservação de diferentes espécies vegetais contribuindo para a renda familiar e segurança alimentar das famílias. O objetivo no presente estudo foi fazer um levantamento das espécies em quintais do Bairro Jardim Florianópolis em Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. A pesquisa foi conduzida através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, associadas às técnicas de “bola de neve” e turnê-guiada. Foram registradas 58 espécies pertencentes a 52 gêneros e 27 famílias, destacando-se as famílias Arecaceae (7 spp.), Araceae (5 spp.), Liliaceae (5 spp.) Myrtaceae (4 spp.) e Rubiaceae (4 spp.). A maior parte das espécies são exóticas (75,86%). As plantas são classificadas pelos moradores em ornamentais, alimentícias e medicinais. O uso ornamental representou 62,5%, o medicinal 21,5% e o alimentício apenas 16%. As espécies ornamentais de hábito herbáceo são as mais importantes com predominância da família Arecaceae.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Ethnobotanical study in agroforestry homegardens in a neighborhood in the City of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>Homegardens are spaces for the use, management and conservation of different plant species contributing to family income and household food security. The aim of this study was to survey the species in homegardens of Jardim Florianópolis neighborhood in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. The research was conducted through semi-structured interviews, associated with snowball and tour-guided techniques. A total of 58 species belonging to 52 genera and 27 families were recorded, including the families Arecaceae (7 spp.), Araceae (5 spp.), Liliaceae (5 spp.) Myrtaceae (4 spp.) and Rubiaceae. Most species are exotic (75.86%). The ornamental use represented 62.5%, the medicinal 21.5% and the food only 16%. The ornamental species of herbaceous habit are the most important with predominance of the family Arecaceae.</p>
Tendencias en la investigación del virus de papiloma humano en Latinoamérica frente a los países de altos ingresos
Authors: Moya-Salazar Jeel Junior , Rojas-Zumaran Victor 
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: este documento busca hacer una reflexión sobre las tendencias en la investigación del Virus de Papiloma Humano (VPH) en Latinoamérica en comparación con los países de altos-ingresos.Materiales y métodos: con base en la evaluación de estudios desarrollados en diversos países, discriminados por el grado de desarrollo económico y social, se da respuesta a preguntas relacionadas con el VPH en cuanto a: su frecuencia, las tendencias de investigación, los programas de educación al personal de salud y los pacientes, y las estrategias preventivas. Para esto se realizó una extensa revisión de las investigaciones publicadas y los estudios presentados en el I Encuentro Sudamericano del VPH.Resultados: los esfuerzos para el desarrollo de investigación sobre VPH se reflejan en estudios básicos y aplicados sobre VPH y cancer cervicouterino (CCU). Existen limitaciones en el desarrollo científico regional comparado con los países de ingresos altos que se evidencian en las tasas de prevalencia y vacunación. Se observan transformaciones lentas en los programas de prevención en cada nivel, con dificultades de índole regional.Conclusión: el impacto del VPH y del CCU es inconmensurable para Latinoamérica, lo que exige el desarrollo de políticas públicas e intervenciones preventivas y organizadas.
Improving Field Performance and Asset Productivity by Optimizing Well Placement in the Presence of Natural Fractures
Authors: Noor Zainub , Fatnani Ashish , Parak Mahdi 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Unconventional reservoirs have characteristics that differ from traditional conventional reservoirs. The productivity profile of an unconventional well can be significantly different from a conventional well, in that the production rate declines faster in an unconventional well. Therefore, properly planned well operations are crucial to optimize costs and production from these shale assets. This includes understanding the reservoir physics, planning optimal well spacing, improving well performance from completions, and simulating refracturing effects on well production. This paper presents a new multidisciplinary method to help improve field performance and productivity in unconventional reservoirs.
A multidisciplinary approach is necessary for economical and successful operations in unconventional reservoirs. In unconventional fields, wells are drilled quickly; therefore, rapid decision-making is necessary. Currently, fracture modeling is performed using either fine local grid refinements or dual-porosity dual-permeability models, which can be cumbersome and time-consuming. This paper presents a new approach that uses multiple shale-specific features and unstructured models, which allows users to specify discrete natural fracture networks (NFNs) and hydraulic fractures with arbitrary orientations connected to practical well trajectories.
The automated gridding technique significantly simplifies the workflow, thus allowing users to focus on addressing issues in the engineering space by streamlining the setting up of complex reservoir simulation models. The approach is applicable to black oil and compositional models of all fluid types. Using parallel capability, performance can be enhanced severalfold. The new approach helps enable modeling of multiple scenarios by modifying parameters easily; thereby, results are readily available to help operators plan optimal well and fracture spacing and length.
This paper highlights how well productivity can be improved by optimizing well placement and incorporating the effect of NFNs and hydraulic fractures.
Optimal Allocation and Sizing of Capacitors for Distribution Systems Reinforcement Based on Minimum Life Cycle Cost and Considering Uncertainties
Authors: Thang V. V. , Minh N. D. 
Published: October 2017

Background:The power and voltage losses have been greatly concerned in the distribution system planning and operation because low normal voltage, high impedance and load density of the system lead to increases in losses and decreases in bus voltages.Method:Therefore, an optimization model for the distribution system reinforcement improving efficiency of distribution systems by integrating capacitors is proposed. The optimal allocation and sizing of capacitors are determined concurrently with optimal upgrading sizing and timeframe of feeders and substations. The objective function of model is to minimize life cycle cost over reinforcement scheme including investment and operation costs of equipment in distribution systems (including feeders, substations and capacitors) and costs for purchasing energy from the electric market.Conclusion:The typical load curves for each day and season with uncertainties modeled by a Probability Distribution Function (PDF) and Time of Use (TOU) price applied to enhance accuracy of calculation results and suitability for real operation conditions. General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) is applied to undertake calculations in a test system.
Shoulder Arthroplasty: Historical Considerations
Authors: Zilber Sébastien 
Published: October 2017

Background:The first articular metal prosthesis was implanted in the shoulder more than 120 years ago. The aim of this paper is to report shoulder arthroplasty evolution during this time thru the literature of the twentieth century.Methods:A literature review was performed selecting the founding papers about shoulder arthroplasty.Results:After being almost forgotten during the first part of the 20thcentury, various implants were introduced in the 1950s with Charles Neer as a leader. The reverse concept appeared in the 1970s and knew many failures before Grammont’s design.Conclusion:After many unfortunate trials, the shoulder prosthesis is now widely disseminated with products of many companies.