bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sophocle, Eschyle et la mort
Authors: Méautis Georges 
Published: January 2016

Les dernières paroles d'un mourant ont une extrême importance, comme en témoigne la plainte d'Andromaque devant le cadavre d'Hector (Iliade, XXIV, 743 sqq.). C'est pourquoi la simple et touchante déclaration d'amour que fait Œdipe à ses filles avant sa disparition (Œdipe à Colorie, 1611-1619) n'est pas « un peu courte », comme certain l'a dit.
Parallèlement, la préoccupation des conditions de la mort est fréquente chez les anciens. Dans l'Agamemnon d'Eschyle, Cassandre, qui a si bien vu et décrit prophétiquement la mort prochaine d'Agamemnon, n'a pas vu que la sienne propre serait aussi lente que le chant d'un cygne. Il n'y a d'ailleurs aucun rapprochement à faire entre le passage célèbre du Phédon sur le chant du cygne et cette longue et douloureuse fin de Cassandre.
Un réquisitoire inédit de Taine contre Pline le Jeune
Authors: Jeune Simon 
Published: January 2016

Cet article a pour objet de présenter et de publier des notes de lecture relatives à Pline le Jeune (livres VIII et IX), rédigées en 1852 par Taine, candidat malgré lui à l'agrégation des lettres. Cette page écrite au courant de la plume témoigne de l'exaspération d'un jeune philosophe condamné à perdre son temps à la « préparation assoupissante de cette agrégation littéraire » parce que le gouvernement issu du coup d'État vient de supprimer la dangereuse agrégation de philosophie. C'est une charge à fond contre l'épistolier latin : nullité intellectuelle, absence de sincérité, vanité d'auteur et contentement de soi, style artificiel dont les fausses élégances ne parviennent pas à masquer la raideur et l'insignifiance, absence complète d'esprit : ni malice, ni raillerie, ni comique. Quant au Panégyrique, « il prouve non pas que Trajan est bon ou que Pline aime Trajan, mais que Pline est et veut être habile parleur et que Pline aime Pline ».
Ainsi Taine ne veut voir en Pline que « froideur, vide, puérilité, vanité ». Tout au plus lui accorde-t-il, non sans condescendance, « travail, bonté, douceur, élévation naturelle vers les choses hautes ». C'est, conclut-il, « un bon petit esprit travailleur ».
Nouveaux graffites de la Graufesenque, IV
Authors: Marichal R. 
Published: January 2016

(La fin de l'article paraîtra dans le prochain fascicule.)
Publication des graffites de La Graufesenque découverts de 1951 à 1971 ; réédition d'un graffite de Blickweiler et d'un graffite de Montans. Les graffites n'ont pas été écrits après cuisson, comme on l'a cru, mais avant cuisson. Sens des adjectifs uxsedius et sesilos. Nouveaux noms de vases : camella, salaria, apalani ?, labri ? curati, meosï ?
Deux notes sur l'iconographie de l'expédition des Sept contre Thèbes
Authors: Daumas Michèle 
Published: January 2016

La première de ces deux notes propose de corriger l'interprétation donnée par Vasseur pour un fragment de coupe attique du Musée Borély et d'y reconnaître l'armement des Sept, au lieu du convoi funèbre de Polynice.
La note suivante réunit les diverses représentations du conseil des Chefs. La comparaison de celles-ci montre qu'il est possible de rattacher la scène aux Jeux néméens et vraisemblable d'y voir une imitation de la peinture d'Onasias à Platées, comme l'avait suggéré Furtwängler.
Le « pro Quinctio», un discours politique ?
Authors: Hinard François 
Published: January 2016

Prononcé par Cicéron au lendemain de la victoire de Sylla sur les marianistes, le pro Quinctio, dont on limite trop généralement la portée en considérant l'affaire comme une simple opposition d'intérêts entre deux personnages de peu d'importance, contient en réalité un certain nombre d'allusions à la situation politique de Rome : évocation des partis extrémistes, description allusive de la proscription. Ces éléments politiques, outre les renseignements dont ils sont eux-mêmes porteurs, doivent permettre de comprendre comment pouvaient réagir le iudex et les membres de son consilium (et, à travers eux, l'opinion publique) à qui s'adressent les arguments qui les contiennent.
Analysé dans cette perspective, le pro Quinctio apparaît bien comme un discours politique au même titre que le pro Roscio Amerino qu'il a sans doute rendu possible.
Remarques à propos du monnayage cilicien d'époque perse et de ses légendes araméennes
Authors: Lemaire André 
Published: January 2016

During the Persian period, the inner Cilician coinage was distinguished by his
aramaic legends. Three of them are studied again :
1 — The alternation klklhlk , for « Cilicia », is best explained by the difficulty to get an exact
transcription of the louvite laryngeal and could give some light on the relative chronology of
Tarsian issues.
2. — The legend trkmw cannot be a transcription of the name « Datames » ; it is rather a louvite
name, « Tarkumuwa », eventually an other name of Datames who could have been a Cilician
dynast.
3 — The legend 'rh is probably the name of a city, « Ura », at or near Silifke.
À contre-courant, Chris Marker
Authors: Lamarche-Vadel Gaëtane 
Published: January 2016

Quand Chris Marker « filme les autres », comme dans Joli mai et autres documentaires, il adhère à une image émancipatrice du peuple, mais ce n’est pas seulement ou ce n’est surtout pas à une image qu’il se rallie. Son travail de cinéaste porte toujours sur la question : comment se font les images et quand s’il s’agit d’image du peuple, comment celui-ci participe-t-il à ces images ? Et pour cela, il ne filme pas le peuple, mais scrute l’ordinaire de son existence, dont il prélève des fragments, quand ces documents visuels et sonores ne sont pas fabriqués de concert avec les gens.
Splenic Long-Lived Plasma Cells Promote the Development of Follicular Helper T Cells during Autoimmune Responses
Authors: Jang Eunkyeong , Cho Wang Sik , Oh Yeon-Kyung , Cho Mi-La , Kim Jung Mogg , Paik Doo-Jin , Youn Jeehee 
Published: January 2016

AbstractLong-lived plasma cells (LLPCs) develop under the help of follicular helper T (Tfh) cells and reside mainly in the bone marrow. However, these cells are unusually abundant in the spleen of several autoimmune models including K/BxNsf mice, yet their pathogenic impact remains unknown. To investigate a previously unappreciated role of splenic LLPCs, we sorted splenic plasma cells (PCs) from K/BxNsf and K/BxN mice, corresponding to LLPCs and conventional short-lived PCs, respectively, and compared their phenotypes and ability to prime and induce the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into effector cells in vitro and in vivo. We found that K/BxNsf PCs had lower levels of the Ag presentation machinery and costimulators than K/BxN PCs, and also a lower CD4+ T cell priming capacity. Autoantigen-pulsed K/BxNsf PCs selectively polarized cognate CD4+ T cells toward the expression of molecules necessary for Tfh development and function. As a result, the K/BxNsf PC-primed CD4+ T cells were more effective in stimulating B cells to produce autoantigen-specific IgGs than K/BxN PCs or even dendritic cells. Adoptive transfer of K/BxNsf PCs, but not K/BxN PCs, to K/BxN mice increased numbers of Tfh cells in draining lymph nodes. These results propose that abnormal accumulation of LLPCs in the spleen of autoimmune models drives the differentiation of autoantigen-primed CD4+ T cells to Tfh cells. This positive feedback loop between splenic LLPCs and Tfh cells may contribute to the persistence of humoral autoimmunity.
Surgical management of gastric cancer: Single center experience from a developing country
Authors: Khan Muhammad Kashif , Syed Aamir Ali , Khattak Shahid , Kazmi Syed Ather , Yusuf Aasim 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Background: Geographical distributional of gastric cancer (GC), differences in stage at the time of presentation and varying surgical expertise have resulted in different management strategies around the world. The aim of this study is to determine postoperative morbidity/mortality and overall survival in patients with GC treated at a cancer hospital in Pakistan. Patients and Methods: A retrospective review of patients who underwent surgical resection with curative intent for GC from June 2006 to July 2012 was performed. Primary end point was overall survival after a minimum follow-up of 15 months. For categorical data, frequencies were calculated, and means were measured for continuous variables. Chi-square test was used to compare categorical data and Kaplan–Meir survival analysis was performed to estimate 5 years survival outcome using SPSS. Results: Majority of the patients were males with median age of 51 years. Perioperative chemotherapy was offered to 75 patients while upfront surgery was performed in 23 patients. In perioperative chemotherapy group 51 patients and 22 in the upfront surgery group ended up having curative resection. The 5 years survival (n = 98) was found to be of 37%. The 5 years survival of patients in perioperative chemotherapy group (n = 75) was 44% while those who had a curative resection (n = 73) had survival of 46%. Conclusion: Gastric adenocarcinoma is an aggressive disease. Perioperative chemotherapy works well in Pakistani population as the results at our institution are comparable with international data.
Engaging Minority Youth in Diabetes Prevention Efforts Through a Participatory, Spoken-Word Social Marketing Campaign
Authors: Rogers Elizabeth A. , Fine Sarah C. , Handley Margaret A. , Davis Hodari B. , Kass James , Schillinger Dean 
Published: January 2016

Purpose. To examine the reach, efficacy, and adoption of The Bigger Picture, a type 2 diabetes (T2DM) social marketing campaign that uses spoken-word public service announcements (PSAs) to teach youth about socioenvironmental conditions influencing T2DM risk. Design. A nonexperimental pilot dissemination evaluation through high school assemblies and a Web-based platform were used. Setting. The study took place in San Francisco Bay Area high schools during 2013. Subjects. In the study, 885 students were sampled from 13 high schools. Intervention. A 1-hour assembly provided data, poet performances, video PSAs, and Web-based platform information. A Web-based platform featured the campaign Web site and social media. Measures. Student surveys preassembly and postassembly (knowledge, attitudes), assembly observations, school demographics, counts of Web-based utilization, and adoption were measured. Analysis. Descriptive statistics, McNemar’s χ2 test, and mixed modeling accounting for clustering were used to analyze data. Results. The campaign included 23 youth poet–created PSAs. It reached >2400 students (93% self-identified non-white) through school assemblies and has garnered >1,000,000 views of Web-based video PSAs. School participants demonstrated increased short-term knowledge of T2DM as preventable, with risk driven by socioenvironmental factors (34% preassembly identified environmental causes as influencing T2DM risk compared to 83% postassembly), and perceived greater personal salience of T2DM risk reduction (p < .001 for all). The campaign has been adopted by regional public health departments. Conclusion. The Bigger Picture campaign showed its potential for reaching and engaging diverse youth. Campaign messaging is being adopted by stakeholders.
Reliability and Validity of the Commitment to Physical Activity Scale for Adolescents
Authors: Robbins Lorraine B. , Ling Jiying , Wesolek Stacey M. , Kazanis Anamaria S. , Bourne Kelly A. , Resnicow Ken 
Published: January 2016

Purpose. To examine psychometric properties of a Commitment to Physical Activity Scale for Adolescents (CPASA). Design. Two test-retest studies and a prospective study, approved by a university institutional review board, were conducted in midwestern U.S. urban areas. Setting. The first test-retest study occurred in four community centers, the second test-retest study took place in a community school, and the prospective study occurred in eight middle schools. Subjects. To measure commitment at baseline and 1 week later, 51 girls in the first test-retest study completed an original 26-item scale, and 91 in the second test-retest study completed a revised 11-item scale. In the prospective study, 503 girls completed the 11-item scale. Measures. Commitment was measured via the CPASA. After completing the CPASA, girls in the prospective study wore ActiGraph GT3X-plus accelerometers that measured light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity (LMVPA) and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Analysis. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were estimated. Both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to cross-validate the factor structure. Results. For the 11-item CPASA, Cronbach α ranged from .81 to .82, and test-retest reliability was .88. Both EFA and CFA indicated a single factor. The scale was significantly correlated with LMVPA (r = .10) and MVPA (r = .11). Conclusion. The 11-item CPASA demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity with girls.
Epidemiology of Goiters in Sri Lanka with Geographic Information System Mapping: Population-based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Fernando Ranil , Chandrasinghe Pramodh , Nandasena Sumal , Pathmeswaran Arunasalam 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
Sri Lanka is considered an endemic region for goiter. Early researchers have suggested the existence of a goiter belt based on rainfall pattern. Subsequent studies done in school children have challenged this theory. Current study is a community-based cross-sectional study done to assess the epidemiology of goiters. Geographic information system (GIS) mapping of the goiter prevalence is developed for the first time in Sri Lanka.

Methods
Study subjects were selected using a multi-staged cluster sampling with probability proportionate to size (PPS) method. Examination for the presence of goiters was done by two trained investigators and graded. ArcGIS 10 software was used for geostatistical analysis and developing a map by interpolating the data collected for the first time in Sri Lanka.

Results
A total of 5200 individuals (female—66%, median age—38 years; range 10–92 years) were assessed and 426 goiters were detected. The adjusted prevalence rate of goiters was 6.8%. Kriging interpolation method was used to develop the most appropriate epidemiological map clustering of high prevalence areas with scattered pockets of high prevalence was observed. Current map does not show a prevalence pattern in relation to the rainfall or elevation above sea level as proposed in the past.

Conclusion
Goiter prevalence in Sri Lanka appears to be different from earlier proposed patterns. Use of GIS has contributed to develop a comprehensive epidemiological map of goiters demonstrating the absence of an endemic goiter belt in the wet zone as proposed earlier.

How to cite this article
Chandrasinghe P, Fernando R, Nandasena S, Pathmeswaran A. Epidemiology of Goiters in Sri Lanka with Geographic Information System Mapping: Population-based Cross-sectional study. World J Endoc Surg 2015;7(3):55-59.
Primary Adrenal Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma: A Mini Review
Authors: Parameswaran Rajeev , Chan Dedrick Kok Hang , Michelle Poon Li Mei , Wang Shi 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
Primary adrenal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma are aggressive high grade lymphomas affecting elderly gentlemen and mostly present with bilateral enlarged adrenal masses associated with B symptoms, adrenal insufficiency and elevated lactate dehydrogenase. When imaged with CT or ultrasound, these lesions usually appear as heterogeneous complex large masses with low density. They appear metabolically active on PET scan. Confirmatory diagnosis is established by image guided biopsy or surgical excision. Treatment is usually with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (R-CHOP) or CHOP like regimes. Surgery has very limited role, if any in the management of this condition. The prognosis is generally poor with only about a third of patients achieving partial or complete remission following treatment. A concise review of the literature (PubMed database; 1990–2014) on the clinical management of primary adrenal lymphoma along with a case example is discussed.

How to cite this article
Parameswaran R, Chan DKH, Michelle PLM, Wang S. Primary Adrenal Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma: A Mini Review. World J Endoc Surg 2015;7(3):65-68.
A Case of Miliary Nodules, Hemoptysis and Hot Thyroid Cancer: Unusual Presentation of Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Hu Jesse SL , Parameswaran Rajeev 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the commonest thyroid cancer. Patients usually present with thyroid nodule and rarely with hyperthyroidism such that 2009 ATA guidelines recommended that cytological evaluation is not necessary in patients with hyperfunctioning nodules as they rarely harbor malignancy. We report a case of an unusual presentation of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma in a young patient.

Case presentation
A 17-year-old girl, presented to our hospital with 3 days of fever, cough and hemoptysis. Chest X-ray showed extensive miliary nodules and was treated for presumed miliary tuberculosis. Biochemical investigations revealed a hyperthyroid state (fT4 55.7 TSH < 0.02), with negative antibodies (TRAB and TSI). Radioisotope scan showed increased uptake on right lobe. She underwent bronchoscopy and biopsy which revealed metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Clinical examination revealed a small goiter with palpable cervical node at level III on the left. There were no clinical signs of Graves’ disease and she had no history of previous radiation or family history of endocrine disease. Ultrasound revealed multiple hypodense thyroid nodules with microcalcification and increased vascularity. Ultrasound of the neck showed the presence of abnormal lymphadenopathy.
She underwent total thyroidectomy, bilateral central neck dissection and left lateral modified neck dissection. Histology showed 1.3 cm papillary thyroid carcinoma involving the left lobe and multifocal papillary thyroid microcarcinomas involving both lobes. Ten out of 27 nodes were involved. She was BRAF mutation positive.
She recovered well postoperatively and was rendered hypothyroid. She underwent radioiodine ablation which showed no more disease in the neck but unfortunately there was no uptake in the lung metastases.

Conclusion
Metastatic papillary thyroid cancer developing in a young patient with hyperthyroidism is extremely rare and suggests a more aggressive behavior as confirmed by BRAF mutation.

How to cite this article
Hu JSL, Parameswaran R. A Case of Miliary Nodules, Hemoptysis and Hot Thyroid Cancer: Unusual Presentation of Papillary Thyroid Cancer. World J Endoc Surg 2015;7(3):72-75.
A novel method to obtain proximal plethysmographic information from distal measurements using the impedance plethysmogram
Authors: Gomez-Clapers J. , Casanella R. , Pallas-Areny R. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
We present a novel method to detect proximal volume changes based on the impedance plethysmogram (IPG) measured from limb to limb with two electrode pairs symmetrically placed at distal areas of the upper or the lower limbs. Since the measurement is sensitive to changes along the whole current path, this method allows us to detect changes in arteries that are more proximal to the torso than the measurement sites. Our results show that the Pulse Arrival Time (PAT) measured from the R peak of the ECG to the hand-to-hand IPG is close to the PAT to the elbow whereas the PAT measured from the R peak of the ECG to the foot-to-foot IPG is close to the PAT to the knee. This opens new avenues for noninvasive cardiovascular measurements based only on electrodes in contact with hands or feet.
Sources of error in AC measurement of skin conductance
Authors: G.Martinsen Ørjan , Pabst Oliver , Tronstad Christian , Grimnes Sverre 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Alternating current methods have the potential to improve the measurement of electrodermal activity. However, there are pitfalls that should be avoided in order to perform these measurements in a correct manner. In this paper, we address issues like the choice of measurement frequency, placement of electrodes and the kind of electrodes used. Ignoring these factors may result in loss of measurement sensitivity or erroneous measurements with artifacts that contain little or no physiological information.
Na trilha do Le Monde Diplomatique: intelectuais, imprensa e perspectiva crítica (Le Monde Diplomatique’s trajectory: intellectuals, press and critical perspective)
Authors: Ogassawara Juliana Sayuri 
Published: January 2016

<p class="normal">Ancorado na história dos intelectuais, na história política e na história do tempo presente, este artigo apresenta a trajetória do periódico francês <strong>Le Monde Diplomatique</strong>, destacando como seus jornalistas e intelectuais contribuíram para a consolidação da linha editorial da publicação. Fundado em 1954, em Paris, por Hubert Beuve-Méry, <strong>Le Monde Diplomatique</strong> teve suas ideias alastradas por diversos países. Em fevereiro de 2013, o magazine contava mais de 40 edições internacionais, considerado um fenômeno único na imprensa internacional. Ao longo de sua trajetória, <strong>Le Monde Diplomatique</strong> teve sua linha editorial historicamente marcada por diretrizes politizadas, declaradamente anti-imperialistas e anti-neoliberais.</p><p class="normal"><strong><br /></strong></p><p class="normal"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p class="Normal1">Anchored in the history of intellectuals, the political history and the history of present time, this article analyses <strong>Le Monde Diplomatique</strong>’s development, highlighting the role played by journalists and intellectuals in the definition of its editorial guideline. Founded in 1954, in Paris, by Hubert Beuve-Méry, <strong>Le Monde Diplomatique</strong> had its ideas spread across several countries – in February 2013, the magazine had more than 40 international, an unique case in the international press. Throughout time, <strong>Le Monde Diplomatique</strong> had its style marked by politicized editorial guidelines, professedly anti-imperialist and anti-neoliberal. </p><p class="Normal1"><strong>Keywords</strong>:<strong> </strong>Le Monde Diplomatique; Press; Intellectuals.</p>
Refleksjon ein uttynna medisin
Authors: Æsøy Knut Ove 
Published: January 2016

<p>The main object of this article is to contribute to a clearer use of the concept reflection. The question is whether reflection has become an overexposed and diluted medicine in educational thinking. To answer this question I will examine how reflection is understood and what direction and theoretical foundation the concept is based on. The article is a Habermas inspired interpretation of basic textbooks for teacher education. In the textbooks, reflection is presented as a good medicine for the professional teacher and a continuous reflection will improve the professional practice by developing consciousness in action. In the conclusion I will present some recommendations on how to improve the understanding and use of reflection. My main goal is to provide reflection with a theoretical content and a clearer direction. Reflection is a knowledge searching, which is not based on experience and facts, but which is closely tied to philosophical thinking, critical theory and the ability to develop an overview.</p>
Effects of buffer layer and back-surface field on MBE-grown InGaAsP/InGaAs solar cells
Authors: Wu Yuanyuan , Ji Lian , Dai Pai , Tan Ming , Lu Shulong , Yang Hui 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Solid-state molecular beam epitaxy (MBE)-grown InGaAsP/InGaAs dual-junction solar cells on InP substrates are reported. An efficiency of 10.6% under 1-sun AM1.5 global light intensity is realized for the dual-junction solar cell, while the efficiencies of 16.4 and 12.3% are reached for the top InGaAsP and bottom InGaAs cells, respectively. The effects of the buffer layer and back-surface field on the performance of solar cells are discussed. High device performance is achieved in the case of a low concentration of oxygen and weak recombination when InGaAs buffers and InP back-surface field layers are used, respectively.