bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of titanium dioxide on the UV‐C ageing behavior of silicone rubber
Authors: Zhang Hui , Yang Hao , Shentu Baoqing , Chen Songjun , Chen Ming 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTThe ultraviolet (UV)‐C ageing behavior of silicone rubber (SiR) incorporated with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano‐TiO2) was studied under UV‐C radiation. The SiR incorporated with nano‐TiO2 displayed excellent physical properties when exposed to UV‐C radiation. With the increase of the ageing time, the SiR with nano‐TiO2 showed no significant change in crosslinking density and Shore A hardness. Moreover, compared with the SiR without nano‐TiO2, the SiR incorporated with nano‐TiO2 also exhibited high retention ratio in tensile properties, especially elongation at break. It was found that nano‐TiO2 was a good ultraviolet light stabilizer during the UV ageing process of SiR and the optimum content of nano‐TiO2 was 2 phr. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed the appearance of OH and CO and the decrease of the intensity of SiC2O2 in SiR samples during the process of UV‐C ageing. Based on these results, a possible UV ageing mechanism of SiR could be proposed. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46099.
Synthesis of novel benzimidazole acrylonitriles for inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum growth by dual target inhibition
Authors: Sharma Kalicharan , Shrivastava Apeksha , Mehra Ram N. , Deora Girdhar S. , Alam Mohammad M. , Zaman Mohammad S. , Akhter Mymoona 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAntimalarial drug resistance has emerged as a threat for treating malaria, generating a need to design and develop newer, more efficient antimalarial agents. This research aimed to identify novel leads as antimalarials. Dual receptor mechanism could be a good strategy to combat developing drug resistance. A series of benzimidazole acrylonitriles containing 18 compounds were designed, synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxicity, heme binding, ferriprotoporphyrin IX biomineralisation inhibition, and falcipain‐2 enzyme assay. Furthermore, in silico docking and MD simulation studies were also performed.The tests revealed quite encouraging results. Three compounds, viz. R‐01 (0.69 μM), R‐04 (1.60 μM), and R‐08 (1.61 μM), were found to have high antimalarial activity. These compounds were found to be in bearable cytotoxicity limits and their biological assay suggested that they had inhibitory activity against falcipain‐2 and hemozoin formation. The docking revealed the binding mode of benzimidazole acrylonitrile derivatives and MD simulation studies revealed that the protein‐ligand complex was stable. The agents exhibit good hemozoin formation inhibition activity and, hence, may be utilized as leads to design a newer drug class to overcome the drug resistance of hemozoin formation inhibitors such as chloroquine.
Systematic review and network meta-analysis of methods of mesh fixation during laparoscopic ventral hernia repair
Authors: Baker J J , Öberg S , Andresen K , Klausen T W , Rosenberg J 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Background
Ventral hernia repairs are common and have high recurrence rates. They are usually repaired laparoscopically with an intraperitoneal mesh, which can be fixed in various ways. The aim was to evaluate the recurrence rates for the different fixation techniques.

Methods
This systematic review included studies with human adults with a ventral hernia repaired with an intraperitoneal onlay mesh. The outcome was recurrence at least 6 months after operation. Cohort studies with 50 or more participants and all RCTs were included. PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched on 22 September 2016. RCTs were assessed with the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool and cohort studies with the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Studies comparing fixation techniques were included in a network meta-analysis, which allowed comparison of more than two fixation techniques.

Results
Fifty-one studies with a total of 6553 participants were included. The overall crude recurrence rates with the various fixation techniques were: absorbable tacks, 17·5 per cent (2 treatment groups); absorbable tacks with sutures, 0·7 per cent (3); permanent tacks, 7·7 per cent (20); permanent tacks with sutures, 6·0 per cent (25); and sutures, 1·5 per cent (6). Six studies were included in a network meta-analysis, which favoured fixation with sutures. Although statistical significance was not achieved, there was a 93 per cent chance of sutures being better than one of the other methods.

Conclusion
Both crude recurrence rates and the network meta-analysis favoured fixation with sutures during laparoscopic ventral hernia repair.
Liquid chromatographic methods for the therapeutic drug monitoring of methotrexate as clinical decision support for personalized medicine: A brief review
Authors: Silva Mónica Francisco , Ribeiro Cláudia , Gonçalves Virgínia M. F. , Tiritan Maria Elizabeth , Lima Áurea 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMethotrexate (MTX) is an antifolate drug used for several diseases. Depending on the disease, MTX can be administered at low dose (LDMTX) in some autoimmune diseases, like rheumatoid arthritis, or at high dose (HDMTX) in some cancers, such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia. After absorption, MTX is metabolized in the liver to 7‐hydroxymethotrexate and in the intestine to 2,4‐diamino‐N10‐methylpteroic acid (DAMPA). Moreover, inside red blood cells, MTX is converted to active metabolites, MTX polyglutamates (MTXPGs), contributing to its pharmacodynamics. Owing to its narrow therapeutic range, and inter‐ and intra‐patient variability, either noneffectiveness and/or toxicity may occur. Because of the existence of a relationship between drug therapeutic outcome and its systemic concentration, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) may ensure the effectiveness and safety of MTX use. In order to monitor the optimization of patient clinical response profile, several analytical methods have been described for TDM in biological samples. These include liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with ultraviolet detection, fluorescence detection or mass spectrometry, each one presenting advantages and drawbacks. This paper reviews the most commonly used techniques for sample preparation and critically discusses the current LC methods applied for the TDM of MTX in biological samples, at LDMTX and HDMTX.
Biotransformation and metabolic profile of Xian‐Ling‐Gu‐Bao capsule, a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, with rat intestinal microflora by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry analysis
Authors: Gao Meng‐xue , Tang Xi‐yang , Zhang Feng‐xiang , Yao Zhi‐hong , Yao Xin‐sheng , Dai Yi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractXian‐Ling‐Gu‐Bao capsule (XLGB), a well‐known traditional Chinese medicine prescription, has been used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. The safety and efficacy of XLGB have been confirmed based on the principle of evidence‐based medicine. XLGB is usually administered orally, after which its multiple components are brought into contact with intestinal microflora in the alimentary tract and biotransformed. However, investigations on the comprehensive metabolic profile of XLGB are absent. In this study, 12 representative compounds bearing different typical structures (including iridoid glycosides, prenylated flavonol glycosides, prenylated flavonoids, triterpenoid saponins, steroidal saponins, coumarins and monoterpene phenols) were selected and then investigated for their biotransformation in rat intestinal microflora. In addition, the metabolic profile of XLGB in rat intestinal microflora was investigated by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry. As a result, a total of 87 biotransformation components were identified from incubated solutions of 12 representative compounds and XLGB, which underwent 16 metabolic reactions (including deglycosylation, glycosylation, dehydrogenation, hydrogenation, oxidation, epoxidation, hydroxylation, dehydration, hydration, hydrolysis, methylation, isomerization, cyclization, pyrolysis reaction, amino acid conjugation and nucleophilic addition reaction with NH3). This demonstrated that the deglycosylation reaction by cleavage of the sugar moieties is the main metabolic pathway of a variety of glycosides, including prenylated flavonol glycosides, coumarin glycosides, iridoid glycosides and saponins. In addition, compared with the biotransformation of 12 representative compounds, a different biotransformed fate was observed in the XLGB incubated samples of rat intestinal microflora. It is worth noting that the amino acid conjugation was first discovered in the metabolism of prenylated flavonol glycosides in rat intestinal microflora.
A fast and accurate isotope dilution GC‐IT‐MS/MS method for determination of eugenol in different tissues of fish: Application to a depletion study in mandarin fish
Authors: Liu Yongtao , Ai Xiaohui , Li Le , Li Jincheng , Yang Hong 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAn accurate, rapid and effective method was established for determination of eugenol in plasma, muscle, skin, liver, kidney and gill of fish using gas chromatography–ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. Samples of muscle, skin, liver, kidney and gill were prepared using the modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) procedure, and a plasma sample was prepared by a liquid–liquid extraction procedure. Eugenol was monitored in <7 min using an electron‐ionization source in MS/MS mode and quantified by an internal standard of eugenol‐d3. The limit of detection was 5.0 μg/kg, and the limit of quantification was 10.0 μg/kg. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 5–1000 μg/L (R2 = 0.9996). Intra‐ and inter‐day precisions of eugenol expressed as relative standard deviation were within 9.74%, and the accuracy exhibited a relative error ranging from −2.20 to 8.89%. The developed method was successfully used to study the elimination regularity of eugenol in mandarin fish.
Simultaneous determination of etonogestrel and ethinyl estradiol in human plasma by UPLC‐MS/MS and its pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Nair Sneha G. , Patel Daxesh P. , Gonzalez Frank J. , Patel Bhargav M. , Singhal Puran , Chaudhary Darshan V. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA selective, sensitive and rapid ultra‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of etonogestrel (ENG) and ethinyl estradiol (EE) in human plasma. The analytes and their deuterated internal standards, ENG‐d7 and EE‐d4, were extracted from plasma samples by solid‐phase extraction on HyperSep™ Retain PEP cartridges. The chromatographic analysis was performed on an Acquity UPLC HSS Cyano column, 100 Å (50 × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm), column using gradient mobile phase, acetonitrile and 2.0 mm ammonium trifluoroacetate at 0–1.7 min (65:35, v/v) and 1.8–2.7 min (95:5, v/v) with 0.250 mL/min flow rate. Analytes and IS protonated precursor → product ion transitions (ENG, m/z 325.2 → 257.2; EE, m/z 530.2 → 171.2; ENG‐d7, m/z 332.2 → 263.2; EE‐d4, m/z 534.2 → 171.2) were monitored on a Triple Quadrupole Mass spectrometer (TQMS), operating in multiple reaction monitoring and positive ionization mode. The calibration curves were established at 10.00–2500 pg/mL for ENG and 1.500–150.0 pg/mL for EE with a correlation coefficient (r2) ≥0.9996 for both. The validated method was successfully applied to support a bioequivalence study of 0.15 mg ENG and EE 0.03 mg tablet formulation, administered in 24 healthy Indian females. Method reliability was assessed by reanalysis of 94 incurred study samples.
Extracellular matrix remodeling and TGF‐β1/Smad signaling in diabetic colon mucosa
Authors: D'Arpino Maria Cecilia , Fuchs Alicia G. , Sánchez Sara S. , Honoré Stella M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDiabetes is associated with metabolic and functional alterations in the gut. Using an experimental model of streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetes in rodents, we analyzed the extracellular matrix (ECM) and TGF‐β/Smad signaling in the colon mucosa. Male rats were divided into normal control, diabetic and insulin treated diabetic groups during 4 and 9 weeks. Sirius red staining showed marked increase in the extracellular matrix deposition in diabetic mucosa. High levels of fibrillar collagen (I and III) and fibronectin mRNAs were also detected with an imbalance between MMPs/TIMPs activities. Moreover, an increased mesenchymal cell proliferation together with an enhanced expression of myofibroblasts markers vimentin and α‐SMA were observed. TGF‐β/Smad signaling‐related genes were determined using RT‐PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Diabetic rats showed a significant up‐regulation of TGF‐β1, TGF‐β receptors and the effectors p‐Smad2/3 in the mucosa compared with control rats. Insulin treatment attenuated the stimulating effect of diabetes on colon ECM deposition and TGF‐β/Smad signaling. In conclusion, the overall results showed a deregulation of the TGFβ1 pathway associated with the appearance of myofibroblasts and the accumulation of ECM in the mucosa of diabetic colon. These data provide the first in vivo evidence that TGF‐β1/Smad is a key component of intestinal tissue remodeling in diabetes.
Optimizing hemodynamics of transcatheter aortic valve‐in‐valve implantation in 19‐mm surgical aortic prostheses
Authors: Patel Jayendrakumar S. , Krishnaswamy Amar , White Jonathon , Mick Stephanie , Navia Jose , Mehta Anand , Bakaeen Faisal , Popovic Zoran , Svensson Lars , Kapadia Samir R. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo demonstrate the feasibility of achieving good hemodynamic results with valve‐in‐valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement (ViV TAVR) for degenerated 19 mm surgical bioprosthetic valves.BackgroundConsiderable controversy exists regarding ViV TAVR within 19mm surgical prostheses due to concerns of elevated valve gradients and mortality.MethodsAmong all patient undergoing ViV TAVR between 7/2016 and 4/2017 for symptomatic severe bioprosthetic aortic stenosis (AS), five had a 19 mm surgical valve in place and were included in this publication. None of the patients had patient‐prosthesis mismatch. Aggressive post‐dilation was performed in four out of five cases using a special technique we describe below.ResultsIn all cases, mean aortic valve (AV) gradients significantly improved post‐ViV TAVR, particularly after post‐dilation. Interestingly, high pressure post‐dilation of the ViV resulted in an increase in the diameter of surgical valve stent frame dimensions in nearly all patients who underwent post‐dilation.ConclusionsGood hemodynamic outcome is possible with aggressive post‐dilation in patients with 19 mm failed surgical bioprostheses. High‐risk patients with 19 mm failed surgical prostheses who do not otherwise have viable surgical options should be considered for ViV TAVR.
Deferred lesion failure in diabetes: A truly bad actor
Authors: Seto Arnold H. , Kern Morton J. 
Published: December 2017

Key Points

DM patients with stenoses whose FFR > 0.80 have a relatively high 14% rate of deferred lesion failure (i.e., revascularization or MI).
IDDM and prior revascularization were independent predictors of deferred lesion failure
FFR predicts outcomes, but is a less effective predictor in diabetics due to diffuse atherosclerosis microvascular disease.
A cardiologist's nightmare: Coronary obstruction during transcatheter aortic valve implantation: How to identify patients at highest risk for this complication
Authors: Shatila Wassim , Krajcer Zvonimir 
Published: December 2017

Key Points

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is associated with several complications including coronary obstruction (CO)
CO occurs in ∼1% of patients and mostly in patients receiving the SAPIEN XT valve
Possible predictors of CO include coronary height <10 mm and aortic sinus diameter of <30 mm.
Vulnerable plaques, more than meets the i
Authors: Mehanna Emile , Abbott J. Dawn 
Published: December 2017

Key Points

Intravascular imaging plays a key role in the identification of mechanisms of acute coronary syndromes
Post processing IVUS algorithms (IMAP‐IVUS and VH‐IVUS) for tissue characterization have not been widely adopted due to current limitations
Future development will allow easier, faster, and more accurate identification of vulnerable plaques, ultimately allowing prognostication of various interventions.
Suture‐induced arthritis as a clinical mimicker of septic arthritis
Authors: Mizuno Nazuna , Mizuno Akira 
Published: December 2017

Key Clinical MessageForeign body‐induced arthritis is a rare etiology of mono‐arthritis. It should be suspected in the case of postoperative arthritis, even if some decades have passed since surgery. Histopathology of the tissues is required for a definitive diagnosis, and debridement is essential for complete recovery.
A “tilt” toward cinefluoroscopy
Authors: Lampropoulos Konstantinos , Bakalakos Athanasios , Bazoukis George , Saplaouras Athanasios , Sakellaropoulou Antigoni , Anagnostou Aikaterini , Tse Gary , Tsamatsoulis Michalis , Charitos Christos 
Published: December 2017

Key Clinical MessageFluoroscopy permits rapid and straightforward assessment of mechanical valve function and allows a distinction between normal and malfunctional prostheses, acting as a complementary diagnostic step.
Multi‐Functional Peptide–MicroRNA Nanocomplex for Targeted MicroRNA Delivery and Function Imaging
Authors: Xiao Xiao , Wang Xingxing , Wang Yuqi , Yu Tianren , Huang Lei , Chen Lei , Li Jinbo , Zhang Chenyu , Zhang Yan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTargeted delivery of microRNA (miRNA) mimics into specific cells/tissues and real‐time monitoring on the biological function of delivered miRNA mimics at molecular level represent two major challenges in the development of miRNA‐based therapeutics. Here we report a highly efficient method to address these two challenges simultaneously by using the self‐assembled nanocomplex formed by miRNA mimics with a multi‐functional peptide conjugate. Using the nanocomplex formed by tumor‐suppressive miR‐34a and the multi‐functional peptide conjugate FA‐R9‐FPcas3, we demonstrated the highly efficient and target‐selective delivery of miR‐34a into HeLa cells and tumors. With the activatable fluorescence probe integrated in the peptide conjugate FA‐R9‐FPcas3, the intracellular function of miR‐34a delivered by the nanocomplex to upregulate active Caspase‐3 was imaged in real‐time. The nanocomplex also showed significant therapeutic effects to induce apoptosis in HeLa cells and to suppress tumor growth upon tail vein injection into living mice bearing subcutaneous HeLa tumors.
Stereoselective Transfer Semi‐Hydrogenation of Alkynes to E‐Olefins with N‐Heterocyclic Silylene–Manganese Catalysts
Authors: Zhou Yu‐Peng , Mo Zhenbo , Luecke Marcel‐Philip , Driess Matthias 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe synthesis and structures of the first SiII‐donor supported manganese(II) complexes [L1]MnCl2, [L2]MnCl2, and [L3]2MnCl2 are reported, bearing a pincer‐type bis(NHSi)‐pyridine ligand L1, bidentate bis(NHSi)‐ferrocene ligand L2, and two monodentate NHSi ligands L3 (NHSi = N‐heterocyclic silylene), respectively. They act as unprecedented very active and stereoselective Mn‐based precatalysts (1 mol % loading) in transfer semi‐hydrogenations of alkynes to give the corresponding E‐olefins using ammonia–borane as a convenient hydrogen source under mild reaction conditions. Complex [L1]MnCl2 shows the best catalytic performance with quantitative conversion rates and excellent E‐stereoselectivities (up to 98 %) for different alkyne substrates. Different types of functional groups can be tolerated, except CN, NH2, NO2, and OH groups at the phenyl group of 1‐phenyl substituted alkynes.
High Purity Isolation and Sensitive Quantification of Extracellular Vesicles Using Affinity to TIM4
Authors: Yoshida Takeshi , Ishidome Takamasa , Hanayama Rikinari 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAlmost all types of cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles. EVs carry various proteins, lipids, mRNAs, and microRNAs, and may participate in many aspects of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Various studies are currently being conducted to develop therapeutic and diagnostic methods targeting or utilizing EVs. Therefore, developing ideal methods for isolating and quantifying EVs is an active area of research. EVs express phosphatidylserine on their outer lipid bilayer. This unit describes an affinity‐based method for isolating EVs using TIM4, which binds phosphatidylserine in a specific and calcium‐dependent manner. EVs captured by TIM4 can be easily released by addition of a chelating agent, or can be retained for quantification by ELISA or flow cytometry. These methods enable the isolation of highly purified EVs and the sensitive quantification of EVs, which will accelerate EV research beyond what has been achievable with conventional methods. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
In Vitro Dissection of Autophagy
Authors: Zhang Min , Liu Dawei , Ge Liang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAutophagy is an essential cellular process for bulk degradation of cytoplasmic components through the lysosome. Underlying this process is an intricate interaction between protein factors and the cell endomembrane system, leading to a gradual maturation of the autophagic membrane. This structure sequesters a portion of the cytoplasm by the formation of a double‐membrane compartment called the autophagosome. The autophagosome then delivers the cargo to the lysosome to complete degradation. The molecular mechanism accounting for the generation of the autophagic membrane is a longstanding question. Here, a cell‐free approach that has been established to understand the mechanism of early autophagic membrane generation is described. This system has provided insight into the membrane source of the autophagosome, the early protein‐membrane associations, and the membrane remodeling that generates the autophagosomal precursors. The cell‐free assay, in combination with other established approaches (e.g., cell imaging), will facilitate a deeper understanding of the mechanism of autophagy. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Towards Sustainable H2 Production: Rational Design of Hydrophobic Triphenylamine‐based Dyes for Sensitized Ethanol Photoreforming
Authors: Dessì Alessio , Monai Matteo , Bessi Matteo , Montini Tiziano , Calamante Massimo , Mordini Alessandro , Reginato Gianna , Trono Cosimo , Fornasiero Paolo , Zani Lorenzo 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDonor–acceptor dyes are a well‐established class of photosensitizers, used to enhance visible‐light harvesting in solar cells and in direct photocatalytic reactions, such as H2 production by photoreforming of sacrificial electron donors (SEDs). Amines—typically triethanolamine (TEOA)—are commonly employed as SEDs in such reactions. Dye‐sensitized photoreforming of more sustainable, biomass‐derived alcohols, on the other hand, was only recently reported by using methanol as the electron donor. In this work, several rationally designed donor–acceptor dyes were used as sensitizers in H2 photocatalytic production, comparing the efficiency of TEOA and EtOH as SEDs. In particular, the effect of hydrophobic chains in the spacer and/or the donor unit of the dyes was systematically studied. The H2 production rates were higher when TEOA was used as SED, whereas the activity trends depended on the SED used. The best performance was obtained with TEOA by using a sensitizer with just one bulky hydrophobic moiety, propylenedioxythiophene, placed on the spacer unit. In the case of EtOH, the best‐performing sensitizers were the ones featuring a thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole internal unit, needed for enhancing light harvesting, and carrying alkyl chains on both the donor part and the spacer unit. The results are discussed in terms of reaction mechanism, interaction with the SED, and structural/electrochemical properties of the sensitizers.