bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disease management program in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Bender Mette , Glümer Charlotte , Brønnum-Hansen Henrik , Andersen Ingelise , Vrangbæk Karsten 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The aim of this paper was to study ethnic and socioeconomic (SEP) factors’ association with provision and participation in a type 2 diabetes disease-management program. In 2016–21, 3464 persons were referred to type 2 diabetes management in Copenhagen municipality. Personalized plans included a mix of activities; program consultations, dietary education, telephone conversations, patient education, and physical training. We estimated the association between education, income, civic status, employment, and country of origin with the number of booked and participated activities using Poisson regression models. A total of 55 394 program sessions were scheduled. Small differences in booked dietary education, program consultations, telephone conversations, and patient education were seen between SEP groupings. In situations where groups with lower SEP had booked more sessions (e.g. unemployed bookings of dietary education), these were predominantly translated into equal or more participated sessions among persons with high SEP. Regarding physical training, considerably more booked and participated sessions were delivered to women with lower SEP and ethnic minorities. This study is unique, in the sense that it is the first of its kind to analyze data on diabetes-management programs, systematically collected by primary healthcare workers. Our results suggest that specific elements of the program together with a higher number of booked sessions promoted vulnerable women to participate in more physical training sessions. In closing, these findings have the potential to provide motivation and ideas for policymakers and health professionals in how to design equitable type 2 diabetes management activities.
Control strategies for mitigating torsional and axial vibrations in rotary oilwell drilling systems
Authors: Toumi Samir , Mlayeh Rhouma 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper examines a nonlinear dynamics model to explore the significant factors influencing the coupled torsional-axial vibrations of a drill string. The primary focus lies in effectively modelling, analysing and controlling both torsional and axial vibrations occurring in a rotary oil well drilling system. The model employed incorporates a wave equation with a damping term (PDE) connected to an ordinary differential equation (ODE) through a nonlinear function representing the interaction between the drill bit and the rock. We proceed to establish the well-posedness of the coupled PDE-ODE in an appropriate functional space. As a PDE-ODE coupled system, we specifically investigate the stability problem concerning the velocity at the bottom extremity, considering both the presence and absence of the damping term in the wave PDE. To address this, we propose a systematic method based on a Lyapunov approach for designing feedback controllers. These controllers ensure system stability and effectively suppress harmful vibrations.
Genesis of intimal thickening due to hemodynamical shear stresses
Authors: Mukherjee Avishek , Mohammad Mirzaei Navid , Fok Pak-Wing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates intimal growth in arteries, induced by hemodynamical shear stress, through finite element simulation using the FEniCS computational environment. In our model, the growth of the intima depends on cross-section geometry and shear stress. In this work, the arterial wall is modeled as three distinct layers: the intima, the media and the adventitia, each with different mechanical properties. We assume that the cross-section of the vessel does not change in the axial direction. We further assume that the blood flow is steady, non-turbulent and unidirectional. Blood flow induces shear stress on the endothelium and stimulates the release of platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) which drives the growth. We simulate intimal growth for three distinct arterial cross section geometries. We show that the qualitative nature of intimal thickening varies depending on arterial geometry. For cross section geometries that are annular, the growth of the intima is uniform in the angular direction, and the endothelium stays circular as the intima grows. For non-annular cross section geometries, the intima grows more quickly where it is thicker, and shear stress and intimal thickening are negatively correlated with the distance from the flow center, where the flow velocity is maximal. Over time, the maxima and minima of the curvature increase and decrease, respectively, the PDGF concentration increases and the lumen becomes more polygonal. The model provides a framework for coupling hemodynamics simulations to mathematical descriptions of atherosclerosis, both of which have been modeled separately in great detail.
Revealing the impact of social circumstances on the selection of cancer therapy through natural language processing of social work notes
Authors: Sun Shenghuan , Zack Travis , Williams Christopher Y K , Butte Atul J , Sushil Madhumita 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
We aimed to investigate the impact of social circumstances on cancer therapy selection using natural language processing to derive insights from social worker documentation.

Materials and Methods
We developed and employed a Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) based approach, using a hierarchical multi-step BERT model (BERT-MS), to predict the prescription of targeted cancer therapy to patients based solely on documentation by clinical social workers. Our corpus included free-text clinical social work notes, combined with medication prescription information, for all patients treated for breast cancer at UCSF between 2012 and 2021. We conducted a feature importance analysis to identify the specific social circumstances that impact cancer therapy regimen.

Results
Using only social work notes, we consistently predicted the administration of targeted therapies, suggesting systematic differences in treatment selection exist due to non-clinical factors. The findings were confirmed by several language models, with GatorTron achieving the best performance with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.721 and a Macro F1 score of 0.616. The UCSF BERT-MS model, capable of leveraging multiple pieces of notes, surpassed the UCSF-BERT model in both AUROC and Macro-F1. Our feature importance analysis identified several clinically intuitive social determinants of health that potentially contribute to disparities in treatment.

Discussion
Leveraging social work notes can be instrumental in identifying disparities in clinical decision-making. Hypotheses generated in an automated way could be used to guide patient-specific quality improvement interventions. Further validation with diverse clinical outcomes and prospective studies is essential.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that significant disparities exist among breast cancer patients receiving different types of therapies based on social determinants of health. Social work reports play a crucial role in understanding these disparities in clinical decision-making.
Effects of chicken slurry inclusion on apparent total tract macronutrient digestibility, palatability, and fecal characteristics, microbiota, and metabolites of healthy adult dogs
Authors: Geary Elizabeth L , Vogel Christina L , Oba Patrícia M , Mioto Julio C , de Godoy Maria R C , Swanson Kelly S 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
“Premium” pet foods are often formulated with meat slurries. Meat slurries are believed to be of higher quality than rendered meals, but inadequate research has been performed to test how their inclusion affects palatability, digestibility, or indicators of gastrointestinal health. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine how chicken slurry inclusion affected the palatability and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dog foods and to assess their effects on the fecal characteristics, metabolites, and microbiota of dogs. A replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design digestibility study was conducted using 9 healthy adult dogs (age = 5.44 ± 0.53 yr) to test diets containing 0% (control; CON), 8% (low inclusion; LOW), and 16% (high inclusion; HIGH) chicken slurry. The experiment comprised three 21-d experimental periods (14 d of adaptation, 5 d of total fecal collection (used for ATTD calculations), and 2 d of blood collection). On the first day of fecal collections, one fresh sample was collected for measurement of pH, dry matter (DM) content, fermentative metabolite concentrations, and microbiota populations. A 2-d palatability study (n = 20 dogs) was also conducted to compare CON vs. HIGH. Data were analyzed statistically by Mixed Models using SAS 9.4, with P &lt; 0.05 being significant. In the palatability study, dogs were shown to prefer (P &lt; 0.05) the HIGH diet by a ratio of 2:1. In the digestibility study, fecal output, scores, pH, and DM percentage were not different among diets. The ATTD of protein was higher (P &lt; 0.05) for the HIGH diet (84.6%) than for the LOW (82.7%) or CON (82.6%) diets. The ATTD of other nutrients and energy were not different among diets (all over 80%). Fecal propionate, butyrate, and total short-chain fatty acid concentrations were higher (P &lt; 0.05) in dogs fed the LOW diet (122.0, 67.4, and 408.2 μmol/g, respectively) than those fed the HIGH diet (89.0, 46.9, and 338.2 μmol/g, respectively). The other fecal metabolites (acetate, branched-chain fatty acids, ammonia, phenol, and indole) were not different among treatments. Few changes to the fecal microbiota were noted. However, the relative abundance of fecal Fusobacterium was higher (P &lt; 0.05) in dogs fed the CON diet than those fed the HIGH diet (25.7% vs. 20.0% relative abundance). In summary, chicken slurry inclusion improved palatability but had minimal effects on nutrient digestibility and fecal characteristics, metabolites, and microbiota.
Diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in haemato-oncology patients in a routine diagnostic setting
Authors: Solaimalai Dhanalakshmi , Varghese Rosemol , Karumathil Sujith , Kulkarni Uday , George Biju , Michael Joy Sarojini 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Invasive Aspergillosis (IA) is a potentially lethal infection in high-risk haemato-oncology patients. Since traditional diagnostic methods have many inherent challenges, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) has been used to diagnose IA. This prospective study evaluated a commercial AsperGenius multiplex real-time PCR for its clinical utility in diagnosing IA compared with galactomannan (GM) testing serum samples from haemato-oncology patients with clinically suspected IA. A total of 107 patients were recruited between April 2022 and March 2023. Serum samples (n = 113) collected from those patients for the routine diagnosis by GM Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) were subjected to PCR. The patients were categorised into probable, possible, and no IA based on revised (2020) and previous (2008) European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group (EORTC-MSG) criteria. The performance characteristics of PCR and GM were calculated against the EORTC criteria by combining probable and possible cases as diseased groups. Among the 107 recruited patients, 93 were categorised into probable/possible IA (diseased group) and 14 into no IA group. The PCR was positive in 53 samples from 49 patients. The sensitivity and specificity of single positive PCR and GM were 51.61% [95% confidence interval, 41–62], 92.86% (66.1–99.8) and 26.88% (18.2–37.1), 92.86% (66.1–99.8), respectively. The combination-based strategy (GM and/or PCR positive) exhibited a moderate sensitivity of 62.37% (51–72.2) and a specificity of 85.71% (57.2–98.2). To conclude, the combined strategy of serum GM and/or PCR positivity, along with radiological findings that fulfilled the EORTC/MSG criteria, has improved the diagnosis of probable IA among high-risk haematological patients with clinically suspected IA.
One stream or two – exploring Andromeda’s North West stream
Authors: Preston Janet , Erkal Denis , Collins Michelle L M , Rich R Michael , Ibata Rodrigo , Delorme Maxime 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
We present results of our dynamical stream modelling for the North West Stream in the outer halo of the Andromeda galaxy (M31). Comprising two main segments, the North West Stream was thought to be a single structured arching around M31. However, recent evidence suggests that it is two separate, unrelated, streams. To test this hypothesis, we use observational data from six fields associated with the upper segment of the North West Stream together with eight fields and five globular clusters associated with the lower segment to constrain model orbits. We fit both segments of the stream using a fixed potential model for M31 and an orbit integrator to compare orbits with the observed streams. We measure the central tracks and predict proper motions for the upper segment (lower segment) finding ${\mu ^{*}_{\alpha }}$ = 0.078$^{+0.015}_{-0.012}$ (0.085$^{+0.001}_{-0.002}$) mas yr−1 and ${\mu _{\delta }}$ = $-0.05^{+0.008}_{-0.009}$ ($-0.095^{+0.003}_{-0.005}$) mas yr−1. Our results support the hypothesis that the dwarf spheroidal galaxy Andromeda XXVII is the progenitor of the upper segment of the North West Stream and that the upper and lower segments do not comprise a single structure. We propose that the upper segment, which appears to be on an infall trajectory with M31, be renamed the ‘Andromeda XXVII Stream’ and the lower segment, also apparently infalling towards M31, retain the name ‘North West Stream’.
Magnetic coupling through flux branching of adjacent type-I and -II superconductors in a neutron star
Authors: Thong K H , Melatos A 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
The inner and outer cores of neutron stars are believed to contain type-I and -II proton superconductors, respectively. The type-I superconductor exists in an intermediate state, comprising macroscopic flux-free and flux-containing regions, while the type-II superconductor is flux-free, except for microscopic, quantized flux tubes. Here, we show that the inner and outer cores are coupled magnetically, when the macroscopic flux tubes subdivide dendritically into quantized flux tubes, a phenomenon called flux branching. An important implication is that up to ${\sim} 10^{12} (r_1/10^6 \, {\rm cm}) \, {\rm erg}$ of energy are required to separate a quantized flux tube from its progenitor macroscopic flux tube, where $r_1$ is the length of the macroscopic flux tube. Approximating the normal-superconducting boundary as sharp, we calculate the magnetic coupling energy between a quantized and macroscopic flux tube due to flux branching as a function of, $f_1$, the radius of the type-I inner core divided by the radius of the type-II outer core. Strong coupling delays magnetic field decay in the type-II superconductor. For an idealized inner core containing only a type-I proton superconductor and poloidal flux, and in the absence of ambipolar diffusion and diamagnetic screening, the low magnetic moments (${\lesssim} 10^{27} \, {\rm G \, cm^3}$) of recycled pulsars imply $f_1 \lesssim 10^{-1.5}$.
A regularization technique to precisely infer limb darkening using transit measurements: can we estimate stellar surface magnetic fields?
Authors: Verma Kuldeep , Maxted Pierre F L , Singh Anjali , Ludwig H -G , Sable Yashwardhan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
The high-precision measurements of exoplanet transit light curves that are now available contain information about the planet properties, their orbital parameters, and stellar limb darkening (LD). Recent 3D magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) simulations of stellar atmospheres have shown that LD depends on the photospheric magnetic field, and hence its precise determination can be used to estimate the field strength. Among existing LD laws, the uses of the simplest ones may lead to biased inferences, whereas the uses of complex laws typically lead to a large degeneracy among the LD parameters. We have developed a novel approach in which we use a complex LD model but with second derivative regularization during the fitting process. Regularization controls the complexity of the model appropriately and reduces the degeneracy among LD parameters, thus resulting in precise inferences. The tests on simulated data suggest that our inferences are not only precise but also accurate. This technique is used to re-analyse 43 transit light curves measured by the NASA Kepler and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite missions. Comparisons of our LD inferences with the corresponding literature values show good agreement, while the precisions of our measurements are better by up to a factor of 2. We find that 1D non-magnetic model atmospheres fail to reproduce the observations while 3D MHD simulations are qualitatively consistent. The LD measurements, together with MHD simulations, confirm that Kepler-17, WASP-18, and KELT-24 have relatively high magnetic fields ($\gt 200$ G). This study paves the way for estimating the stellar surface magnetic field using the LD measurements.
The relationship between contact lens ultraviolet light transmittance and myopia progression: a large-scale retrospective cohort study
Authors: Okada Hiroyuki , Yoshida Masao , Takeuchi Masaki , Okada Eiichi , Mizuki Nobuhisa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The prevalence of myopia is increasing dramatically around the world, and many studies have suggested the possibility that ultraviolet (UV) light is effective to prevent the onset and progression of myopia. However, UV is a risk factor for diseases that cause refractive errors such as cataract and pterygium. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between UV exposure and myopia progression.

Methods
The dataset consisted of a total of 337 396 eyes of patients in the 12-to-29-year age range, who were prescribed soft contact lenses (SCL) for refractive error at Okada Eye Clinic in Japan between 2002 and 2011. They were tracked over a five-year period and did not change the type of SCL. In this retrospective cohort study based on medical records, we divided patients into two groups, one prescribed SCL with UV protection (UV-SCL), and another prescribed SCL without UV protection (UV + SCL).

Results
Change in refractive power over five years was measured and results compared. It was −0.413 diopter (D) in the UV-SCL group and −0.462 D in the UV + SCL group. Thus, the progression of myopia was slower in the UV-SCL group. The results were also analyzed separately by gender and degree of myopia at the time of initial prescription, which all showed significant differences (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
Results suggest that UV exposure may advance myopia. Further research is needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms that could explain this.
The Long-Run Impacts of Public Industrial Investment on Local Development and Economic Mobility: Evidence from World War II
Authors: Garin Andrew , Rothbaum Jonathan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article studies the long-run effects of government-led construction of manufacturing plants on the regions where they were built and on individuals from those regions. Specifically, we examine publicly financed plants built in dispersed locations outside of major urban centers for security reasons during the U.S. industrial mobilization for World War II. Wartime plant construction had large and persistent effects on local development, characterized by an expansion of relatively high-wage manufacturing employment throughout the postwar era. These benefits were shared by incumbent residents; we find men born before World War II in counties where plants were built earned $1,200 (in 2020 dollars) or 2.5% more per year in adulthood relative to those born in counterfactual comparison regions, with larger benefits accruing to children of lower-income parents. The balance of evidence suggests that these individuals benefited primarily from the local expansion of higher-wage jobs to which they had access as adults, rather than because of developmental effects from exposure to better environments during childhood.
The Case(s) of Thomasine Ostler: Gender, Fiction, and Theatre History in Common Law Court Records
Authors: Powell Jonathan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article asks what theatre historians can (and can’t) learn from the records of Thomasine Ostler in the court of King’s Bench between 1615 and 1619, during which period Ostler filed suit not only against her father, the actor John Heminges, but also the son of Walter Raleigh. Ostler’s name is not unfamiliar to scholars, but neither she nor the enrolments of her suits have been examined in detail, and both have been misunderstood or simply overlooked. The article hinges on a new way of working with the plea rolls of England’s common law courts, whose Latin entries have long been seen as limited repositories of ‘essential facts’ to be extracted from ‘smokescreens of formalism and legal fiction’. This article argues instead that plea rolls should be understood as sites of fiction-making, and uses Ostler’s suits to show why their constitution of character and plot should matter to theatre historians. The article thereby casts light on not just the ownership of playhouse shares contested by Ostler and Heminges, but the actions, motivations, and interpersonal relationships of all three parties in Ostler’s suits. It also challenges scholars to re-think the value of plea rolls as sources for women’s lives and stories.
15Psychoanalysis
Authors: Wynter-Vincent Naomi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter reviews five works of psychoanalytic scholarship published in 2023: The Poetry of the Word in Psychoanalysis: Selected Papers of Pere Folch Mateu, edited by J. O. Esteve and Jordi Sala; three books about Marion Milner: The Marion Milner Method: Psychoanalysis, Autobiography, Creativity by Emilia Halton-Hernandez, The Marion Milner Tradition, edited by Margaret Boyle Spelman and Joan Raphael-Leff, and Alberto Stefana and Alessio Gamba’s Marion Milner: A Contemporary Introduction; and Antisemitism and Racism: Ethical Challenges for Psychoanalysis by Stephen Frosh. Following a short introduction, the review is divided into three sections to discuss these works in turn.
Successful Delivery After Myomectomy for Spontaneous Ruptured Pyomyoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Zhou Qian , Yu Yi , Liu Juntao , Gao Jinsong , Song Yijun , Sun Yin , Guo Qi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this article, we report a case of spontaneous ruptured pyomyoma during pregnancy with successful delivery after myomectomy. A 35-year-old pregnant female (27 weeks of gestation) presented with lower abdominal pain. The patient had a history of uterine fibroids. Ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a spontaneous ruptured pyomyoma (maximum diameter: 12.6 cm). Myomectomy was performed, and her abdominal distension and pain were significantly improved within 1 day; the condition of the fetus was normal. One month after surgery, severe tenderness was detected in the lower right side of the uterus. Considering the higher risk of uterine rupture and associated complications, a cesarean section was performed. The mother and neonate were discharged 3 and 42 days after delivery, respectively, in good condition. Myomectomy for spontaneous ruptured pyomyoma during pregnancy may be feasible and extend gestational age to improve outcomes for the mother and neonate.