bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond thermodynamic constraints: Evolutionary sampling generates realistic protein sequence variation
Authors: Jiang Qian , Teufel Ashley I. , Jackson Eleisha L. , Wilke Claus O. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTBiological evolution generates a surprising amount of site-specific variability in protein sequences. Yet attempts at modeling this process have been only moderately successful, and current models based on protein structural metrics explain, at best, 60% of the observed variation. Surprisingly, simple measures of protein structure, such as solvent accessibility, are often better predictors of site-specific variability than more complex models employing all-atom energy functions and detailed structural modeling. We suggest here that these more complex models perform poorly because they lack consideration of the evolutionary process that is in part captured by the simpler metrics. We compare protein sequences that are computationally designed to sequences that are computationally evolved using the same protein-design energy function and to homologous natural sequences. We find that by a wide variety of metrics, evolved sequences are much more similar to natural sequences than are designed sequences. In particular, designed sequences are too conserved on the protein surface relative to natural sequences whereas evolved sequences are not. Our results suggest that evolutionary simulation produces a realistic sampling of sequence space. By contrast, protein design—at least as currently implemented—does not. Existing energy functions seem to be sufficiently accurate to correctly describe the key thermodynamic constraints acting on protein sequences, but they need to be paired with realistic sampling schemes to generate realistic sequence alignments.
Analysis of potential wake vortex encounters at a major European airport
Authors: Holzäpfel Frank 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
In this study, 12 potential wake vortex encounters that were reported at a major European airport have been investigated. Because almost all encounters occurred in ground proximity, most pilots conducted a go-around. The primary purpose of this study is to discriminate between incidents caused by wake vortices or rather by effects like wind shear or turbulence. Detailed knowledge of real-world encounter scenarios and identification of worst-case conditions during the final approach constitute highly relevant background information to assess the standard scenario used for the definition of revised wake turbulence separations.

Design/methodology/approach
Wake vortex predictions using the probabilistic two-phase wake vortex model (P2P) are used to investigate the incidents in detail by using data from the flight data recorder, meteorological instrumentation at the airport and numerical weather prediction.

Findings
In the best documented cases, the flight tracks through the vortices could be reconstructed in good agreement with wake vortex predictions and recorded aircraft reactions. Out of the eight plausible wake vortex encounters, five were characterized by weak crosswinds below 1.5 m/s combined with tailwinds. This meteorological situation appears favourable for encounters because, on the one hand, weak crosswinds may compensate the self-induced lateral propagation of the upwind vortex, such that it may hover over the runway directly in the flight path of the following aircraft. On the other hand, tailwinds limit the propagation of the so-called end effects caused by the breakdown of lift during touchdown.

Practical implications
The installation of plate lines beyond the runway tails may improve safety by reducing the number of wake vortex encounters.

Originality/value
The conducted investigations provide high originality and value for both science and operational application.
Aerodynamics analysis of the main rotor influence on the static stability of the gyroplane
Authors: Figat Marcin 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to present the results of aerodynamic calculation of impact the main rotor on the fuselage and the tail of a light gyroplane. This kind of vehicle is a type of rotorcraft which uses a non-powered rotor in autorotation to develop lift and engine-powered propeller to provide the thrust. Both of them disturb the flow around the gyroplane body (gyroplane fuselage and tail) and influence on its static stability. The main goal of the presented research was to find the magnitude of this influence. To measure this effect, the main stability derivatives changes of gyroplane body were investigated.

Design/methodology/approach
The CFD analysis of the complete gyroplane was made. Computation was performed for the model of gyroplane which was equipped with the two sub-models of the main rotor and the engine-powered propeller. Both of them were modelled as the actuator discs. This method allows to compute the aerodynamic impact of rotating components on the gyroplane body. All aerodynamic analysis was made by the MGAERO software. The numerical code of the software bases on the Euler flow model. Next, the resulting aerodynamic coefficients were used to calculate the most important stability derivatives of the gyroplane body.

Findings
The result obtained by computation presents the change in the most important aerodynamic coefficients and stability derivatives of the gyroplane body caused by the impact of its main rotor. Moreover, the result includes the change of the aerodynamic coefficients and stability derivatives caused by change of the main rotor configuration (change of rotation rate and angle of incidence) and change of the flight condition (gyroplane angle of attack sideslip angle and flight speed).

Practical implications
Analysis of the main rotor impact will be very useful for evaluation of dynamic stability of the light gyroplane. Moreover, the results will be helpful to design the horizontal and vertical tail for the light gyroplane.

Originality/value
This paper presents the method of the numerical analysis of the static stability of the light gyroplane’s body. The results of analysis present the impact of disturbance generated by the rotating main rotor on the static stability of the gyroplane body. Moreover, the impact of the main rotor configuration change and the flight condition change on the static stability were investigated too. The evaluation of the gyroplane’s body static stability was made by the stability derivatives. The methodology and obtained result will be very useful for analysis of the dynamic stability of the light gyroplanes. Moreover, the results will be helpful during design the main components of the gyroplane like vertical and horizontal tail.
Institutional research as a bridge
Authors: Haskell Chester D. 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
This paper explores the roles of institutional research (IR) units in higher education, examining both internal and external responsibilities and demands. The purpose of this paper is to encourage a broader strategic discussion of the missions and capacities of such academic institutional entities.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology employed begins with a review of relevant literature, followed by critical observations of an experienced reflective practitioner. Beginning with the premise that academic institutions are central, the paper discusses the external environment of institutions and the requirements placed on their internal IR operations. A core question is presented: research for whom? Both traditional and alternative organizational models are discussed in this light. The paper then explores ways in which data needs might be aligned in order to provide accountable, useful and transparent information to all stakeholders, internal and external.

Findings
Findings show that the linking of internal information needs with those of external actors is key to effective operations; that IR units should seek to be a bridge between their institution and its environment so that effective information can be provided to all who need it. The paper is not designed as a detailed operational roadmap, but rather to highlight issues for examination within the context of specific institutional and agency situations.

Originality/value
Its originality stems from the focus on such linkages and the call for organizational leaders to recognize the full value of IR both within and across organizational boundaries.
A comparative study of student mobility programs in SEAMEO-RIHED, UMAP, and Campus Asia
Authors: Chi Hou Angela Yung , Hill Christopher , Chen Karen Hui-Jung , Tsai Sandy , Chen Vivian 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the student mobility programs of the three initiatives – in Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization-Regional Institution of Higher Education and Development, University Mobility in Asia and Pacific (UMAP), and Campus Asia – and provide a comparative analysis of the respective programs in terms of the role of government, institutional involvement, quality assurance, and challenges. In addition, the paper will assess their impacts on higher education regionalization by regulatory models toward the end of the paper.

Design/methodology/approach
The study adopts qualitative document analysis as a major research method to explore the developmental models of three student mobility programs. Document analysis is an approach used to gather and review the content of existing written documentation related to the study in order to extract pieces of information in a rigorous and systematic manner.

Findings
ASEAN International Mobility for Students (AIMS), Collective Action for Mobility Program of University Student in Asia (CAMPUS Asia), and UMAP student mobility schemes have a shared purpose in higher education regionalization, but with different regulatory frameworks and Functional, Organizational, and Political approach models. AIMS and CAMPUS Asia as a strong network and government-led initiatives adopt a combination of functional, organizational, and political approaches; UMAP provides university-driven regional mobility programs with a hybridized force. However, all three of them face the same challenges at regional and national levels, such as different national regulation, coordination among participants, and implementation of credit transfer schemes.

Practical implications
The scale of three student mobility programs is still low, which results in limited impact on higher education regionalization in Asia. However, a stronger decision-making model and increased financial support to universities and students are desirable for the creation of a sustainable and effective network.

Originality/value
This is an original research and makes a great contribution to Asian nations.
Gender and succession planning: opportunities for females to lead Indonesian family businesses
Authors: Ramadani Veland , Hisrich Robert D. , Anggadwita Grisna , Alamanda Dini Turipanam 
Published: August 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to identify the opportunities for them to manage this type of company within the Indonesian context.Design/methodology/approachThis paper features descriptive multi-case analyses with a qualitative approach being used to gather and analyze data through in-depth interviews with several Indonesian family business owners having experience of succession.FindingsThe participation of women in family business management in several major Indonesian cities is quite extensive, especially for those who are highly educated. Similarly, the benefits of involving women in the management of family businesses are quite high because of their personal traits of patience, fastidiousness, tenacity and thriftiness. What is required is to provide wider access for Indonesian women to corporate management positions, broaden their participation in family businesses, secure a controlling role for women and increase women’s knowledge and skills so as to increase the benefit to family company management and its ability to face global competition.Originality/valueA conceptual framework demonstrating the various stages of succession planning related to gender equality, which provide women with an opportunity to form the next generation of family business leaders is provided.
Integrated technology-organization-environment (T-O-E) taxonomies for technology adoption
Authors: Awa Hart O. , Ojiabo Ojiabo Ukoha , Orokor Longlife E. 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The T-O-E framework enjoys robust scholarly accolade but it rarely espouses clearly task and individual factors. Although task and individual contexts had been separately addressed by task-technology-fit (TTF) and unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), respectively, the purpose of this paper is to complement and/or extend the T-O-E’s insights by integrating TTF and UTAUT frameworks, and developing and empirically testing a 12-factor framework that spans five contexts.

Design/methodology/approach
Survey data were proportionally collected from six groups of small service enterprises with strong operations in Port Harcourt, Nigeria and the mode of sampling was purposive and snow-ball while analysis involved logistic likelihood regression.

Findings
The relationship between adoption and the factors within the contexts of technology, organization, environment and task were statistically supported though some had negative coefficients. For individual context, social factor had a statistically significant negative coefficient but hedonistic drive was not statistically supported.

Research limitations/implications
The study is limited by its scope of coverage; therefore, extended data are needed to apply the findings to other sectors/industries and to factor in the implementation and post-adoption phases and business-to-business adoption in order to forge a more integrated and holistic adoption framework.

Practical implications
The findings encourage vendors and policy makers to place more premiums on organizational and task factors than on technological, environmental and individual factors and to craft informed marketing programs that would appeal to actual and potential adopters and cause them to progress in the loyalty ladder.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the growing research on technology adoption; it uses factors within the T-O-E, TTF and UTAUT frameworks to explain adoption of technologies and to establish the underlying relationships amongst T-O-E factors through integrating other useful frameworks.
Flexible work practices and the firm’s need for external orientation
Authors: Neirotti Paolo , Raguseo Elisabetta , Paolucci Emilio 
Published: August 2017

PurposeLiterature on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) has so far produced limited evidence on how these firms pursue their organizational flexibility with information and communication technology (ICT) and ad hoc work practices. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the extant literature by focusing on how SMEs use flexible work practices that provide latitude with respect to when employees work, where they work and via which communication medium. Specifically, the authors analyze how such practices are related to the conditions that SMEs face in reference to their competitive environment and their patterns of ICT usage.Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted on 304 Italian SMEs, with the aim of identifying the contextual dimensions where flexible work is chosen and the different typologies of flexible work implemented by companies.FindingsFlexible work in SMEs is chosen for different reasons associated to different conditions in the competitive environments and in ICT usage where SMEs operate. In general, SMEs use flexible work when they are more capable of improving their external orientation toward suppliers, customers, and the entrance in new markets with ICT. This duality is more likely in the competitive environments where external orientation and information processing is more needed, namely, environments that are uncertain and complex for product and breadth of the geographical complexity (scope) covered.Research limitations/implicationsIn this paper, the authors offer an analysis on the contextual characterizations of flexible work practices. Future studies should disentangle more in depth the ways these characterizations are related to different ICT usages.Practical implicationsIn uncertain and complex environments, SMEs should increase their external information processing with ICT and organizational practices that support the latitude of employees involved in boundary spanning with respect to where, when, and how they work.Originality/valueThis paper offers an interpretation of flexible work as an organizational mechanism used to cope with uncertain and complex environments where more external orientation is needed. This paper also shows that there are four different typologies of flexible work implemented by companies, namely, flexible work for cheaper input costs, flexible work for operational drivers, flexible work for strategic drivers, and flexible work for individual motivations, and that in some cases the conditions under which they are chosen are different.
Decision-making and satisfaction in campus e-voting: moderating effect of trust in the system
Authors: Mohd. Suki Norazah , Mohd. Suki Norbayah 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants that influence students’ decision-making and satisfaction in campus e-voting, and to investigate the moderating effect on students’ decision-making and satisfaction in campus e-voting between students with different levels of trust in the system.

Design/methodology/approach
This study employed a quantitative method and applied the use of self-administered questionnaires among university students who have at least experienced once in casting votes electronically in the past year during the campus e-voting period. The data were analysed using partial least square-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach.

Findings
The PLS-SEM approach revealed that voters’ commitment to vote was the strongest determinant of students’ decision-making and satisfaction in campus e-voting. Voters’ high satisfaction with campus e-voting was based on the commitment and requirement of students of the university to vote. Compulsory voting was not a hassle for them in order to achieve campus development and sustainability. A moderation analysis revealed that the relative influence of commitment to vote on students’ satisfaction in campus e-voting was higher in the group with medium level of trust than among the group with high level of trust.

Practical implications
The election commission of the university and the university management should increase students’ turnout and commitment to vote during campus e-voting by outlining effective marketing strategies, campaigns and promotions across a number of digital platforms, including mobile SNS. They need to ensure that voters can sense their involvement is warranted and will continue to vote electronically in the next campus election.

Originality/value
The research yielded an exclusive perspective into students’ decision-making and satisfaction in campus e-voting. It also uncovered the influence of moderating effect of trust in the system in developing countries which is marginally concealed in the literature. The measurements produced can be used as a research tool for more exploratory and explanatory research related to political marketing among young adult voters.
Differences in adoption of global spare parts management in autonomous service units
Authors: Kauremaa Jouni , Holmström Jan 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the adoption and motivation to adopt global spare parts practices in autonomous units servicing the products of an original equipment manufacturer.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodological approach is case study investigating the reasons for different levels of use and the perceptions regarding the benefits of a centralized supply chain management in four representative service units.

Findings
Autonomous spare part units often source locally because local suppliers are easy to work with in terms of purchasing processes and have no requirements for systematic planning and control of spare parts purchases and inventory management. However, increasing the share of centrally sourced and managed spare parts in the supply chain brings advantages in terms of lower total cost and higher availability. From the perspective of individual subunits engaged in providing product support services, this advantage of relying on a centrally managed spare parts supply chain of an original equipment manufacturer is not self-evident. Autonomous units frequently choose to continue sourcing spare parts from alternative sources, undermining the economies of scale attainable through the original equipment manufacturer’s supply chain. Higher levels of use are facilitated by back-office purchasing management at the unit level. The positive perceptions of centralized supply management in general – including the relationship between the supply unit and the service unit – further facilitate adoption, while local requirements and practices inhibit it.

Research limitations/implications
The study is a single case study and presents proposals requiring further study of the reasons for the observed differences in use of centralized supply chain management.

Practical implications
Centralized spare parts management service requires investment in back-office resources at the service unit level.

Originality/value
The research increases the practical relevance of existing research through an empirical investigation on the autonomous units’ motivations for and perceived benefits of centralized spare parts supply.
Bridging the gap between employers and students
Authors: Uffindell James 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The paper explores how to bridge the gap between graduates/students and employers.

Design/methodology/approach
Industry experience “What do the brightest graduates want?”, Bright Network Research Report 2017/18.

Findings
A concerning divide between what students believe employers are looking for in employees and what employers are actually looking for. Need for better communication between graduate employers and graduates.

Originality/value
With the job market rapidly changing and a growing disconnect between employers and graduates, this paper looks at how employers can better engage with graduates to bridge this gap and attract and retain bright recruits.
Mechanical Models of Compression and Impact on Fresh Fruits
Authors: Li Zhiguo , Miao Fengli , Andrews James 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWell‐designed and well‐operated postharvest mechanical handling processes are vital if fresh fruits are to enter markets with minimal damage. The susceptibility of fruit to quality loss during handling is largely determined by mechanical contact and damage. This article reviews current understanding concerning the effect of impact and other mechanical contacts on fruits. It also discusses the major mechanical models that represent the interaction between fruits or a fruit and a surface. In total, 25 mechanical models associated with compression and impact behaviors of fresh fruits, mainly characterizing such behavior between 2 deformable spherical bodies and between a deformable spherical body and a rigid plate are reviewed. Finally, possible future research directions are discussed. The main challenge in fruit handling is to recognize and prevent microscopic damage to fruits, especially internal tissue/cell damage and microcracks resulting from multiple/repetitive impacts and compressions.