bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Both HIV-Infected and Uninfected Cells Express TRAILshort, Which Confers TRAIL Resistance upon Bystander Cells within the Microenvironment
Authors: Nie Zilin , Aboulnasr Fatma , Natesampillai Sekar , Burke Stephen P. , Krogman Ashton , Bren Gary D. , Chung Thomas D. Y. , Anderson Jeff R. , Smart Michele K. , Katzmann David J. , Rajagopalan Govindarajan , Cummins Nathan W. , Badley Andrew D. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) was initially described to induce apoptosis of tumor cells and/or virally infected cells, although sparing normal cells, and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of HIV disease. We previously identified TRAILshort, a TRAIL splice variant, in HIV-infected patients and characterized it as being a dominant negative ligand to subvert TRAIL-mediated killing. Herein, using single-cell genomics we demonstrate that TRAILshort is produced by HIV-infected cells, as well as by uninfected bystander cells, and that the dominant stimulus which induces TRAILshort production are type I IFNs and TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 agonists. TRAILshort has a short t1/2 by virtue of containing a PEST domain, which targets the protein toward the ubiquitin proteasome pathway for degradation. Further we show that TRAILshort binds preferentially to TRAIL receptors 1 and 2 with significantly reduced interaction with the decoy TRAIL receptors 3 and 4. Recombinant TRAILshort is sufficient to protect cells against TRAIL-induced killing, whereas immunodepletion of TRAILshort with a specific Ab restores TRAIL sensitivity. Importantly we show that TRAILshort is shed in microvesicles into the cellular microenvironment and therefore confers TRAIL resistance not only on the cell which produces it, but also upon neighboring bystander cells. These results establish a novel paradigm for understanding and overcoming TRAIL resistance, in particular how HIV-infected cells escape immune elimination by the TRAIL:TRAILshort receptor axis.
Memory T Cell Proliferation before Hepatitis C Virus Therapy Predicts Antiviral Immune Responses and Treatment Success
Authors: Méndez-Lagares Gema , Lu Ding , Chen Connie , Terrault Norah , Segal Mark R. , Khalili Mandana , Monto Alexander , Shen Hui , Manos M. Michele , Lanier Lewis L. , Ryan James C. , McCune Joseph M. , Hartigan-O’Connor Dennis J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The contribution of the host immune system to the efficacy of new anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) drugs is unclear. We undertook a longitudinal prospective study of 33 individuals with chronic HCV treated with combination pegylated IFN-α, ribavirin, and telaprevir/boceprevir. We characterized innate and adaptive immune cells to determine whether kinetics of the host response could predict sustained virologic response (SVR). We show that characteristics of the host immune system present before treatment were correlated with successful therapy. Augmentation of adaptive immune responses during therapy was more impressive among those achieving SVR. Most importantly, active memory T cell proliferation before therapy predicted SVR and was associated with the magnitude of the HCV-specific responses at week 12 after treatment start. After therapy initiation, the most important correlate of success was minimal monocyte activation, as predicted by previous in vitro work. In addition, subjects achieving SVR had increasing expression of the transcription factor T-bet, a driver of Th1 differentiation and cytotoxic effector cell maturation. These results show that host immune features present before treatment initiation predict SVR and eventual development of a higher frequency of functional virus-specific cells in blood. Such host characteristics may also be required for successful vaccine-mediated protection.
Neuroprotective effect of Cubebin
Authors: Somani Gauresh S. , Nahire Mruniya S. , Parikh Aakash D. , Mulik Mandar B. , Ghumatkar Priya J. , Laddha Kirti S. , Sathaye Sadhana 
Published: December 2017

Background & objectives:
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors represent a major class of drugs which provide symptomatic relief and improvement in cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, cubebin, a dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan, was isolated from Piper cubeba and investigated for its AChE inhibitory activity in an attempt to explore its potential for memory-enhancing activities in mice.

Methods:
Molecular docking of cubebin was carried out followed by in vitro AChE activity. Mice were treated with cubebin (25 & 50 mg/kg; i.p.), for three days and memory impairment was induced by scopolamine (3 mg/kg; i.p.). Memory function was evaluated by Morris water maze (MWM) test. Biochemical parameters of oxidative stress and cholinergic function were estimated in brain.

Results:
Molecular docking study revealed that cubebin was well bound within the binding site of the AChE enzyme showing interactions such as π-π stacking and hydrogen bonding with residues present therein. Cubebin inhibited AChE enzyme in an in vitro assay with IC50 value of 992 μM. Scopolamine administration caused a significant impairment of learning and memory in mice, as indicated by a marked decrease in MWM performance. Scopolamine administration also produced a significant enhancement of brain AChE activity and oxidative stress in mice brain. Pre-treatment of cubebin (25 and 50 mg/kg; i.p.) significantly prevented scopolamine-induced learning and memory deficits along with attenuation of scopolamine-induced rise in brain AChE activity and oxidative stress level.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Cubebin showed promising protective activity in scopolamine-induced spatial memory impairment in mice. This could be attributed to its brain AChE inhibition and antioxidant activity.
Incidence & prevalence of stroke in India
Authors: Kamalakannan Sureshkumar , Gudlavalleti Aashrai S. V. , Gudlavalleti Venkata S. Murthy , Goenka Shifalika , Kuper Hannah 
Published: December 2017

Background & objectives:
There has been more than 100 per cent increase in incidence of stroke in low- and middle-income countries including India from 1970-1979 to 2000-2008. Lack of reliable reporting mechanisms, heterogeneity in methodology, study population, and small sample size in existing epidemiological studies, make an accurate estimation of stroke burden in India challenging. We conducted a systematic review of epidemiologic studies on stroke conducted in India to document the magnitude of stroke.

Methods:
All population-based, cross-sectional studies and cohort studies from India which reported the stroke incidence rate or cumulative stroke incidence and/or the prevalence of stroke in participants from any age group were included. Electronic databases (Ovid, PubMed, Medline, Embase and IndMED) were searched and studies published during 1960 to 2015 were included. A total of 3079 independent titles were identified for screening, of which 10 population-based cross-sectional studies were considered eligible for inclusion. Given the heterogeneity of the studies, meta-analysis was not carried out.

Results:
The cumulative incidence of stroke ranged from 105 to 152/100,000 persons per year, and the crude prevalence of stroke ranged from 44.29 to 559/100,000 persons in different parts of the country during the past decade. These values were higher than those of high-income countries.

Interpretation & conclusions:
A paucity of good-quality epidemiological studies on stroke in India emphasizes the need for a coordinated effort at both the State and national level to study the burden of stroke in India. Future investment in the population-based epidemiological studies on stroke would lead to better preventive measures against stroke and better rehabilitation measures for stroke-related disabilities in the country.
p-adic Uniformization and the Action of Galois on Certain Affine Correspondences
Authors: Ingram Patrick 
Published: December 2017

AbstractGiven two monic polynomials ƒ and g with coefficients in a number field K, and some ∞ ∈ K, we examine the action of the absolute Galois group Gal(/K) on the directed graph of iterated preimages of ∞ under the correspondence g(y) = ƒ(x), assuming that deg(ƒ) > deg(g) and that gcd (deg(ƒ), deg(g)) = 1. If a prime of K exists at which ƒ and g have integral coefficients and at which ∞ is not integral, we show that this directed graph of preimages consists of finitely many Gal(/K)-orbits. We obtain this result by establishing a p-adic uniformization of such correspondences, tenuously related to Böttcher’s uniformization of polynomial dynamical systems over , although the construction of a Böttcher coordinate for complex holomorphic correspondences remains unresolved.
How long do satellites need to overlap? Evaluation of climate data stability from overlapping satellite records
Authors: Weatherhead Elizabeth C. , Harder Jerald , Araujo-Pradere Eduardo A. , Bodeker Greg , English Jason M. , Flynn Lawrence E. , Frith Stacey M. , Lazo Jeffrey K. , Pilewskie Peter , Weber Mark , Woods Thomas N. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Sensors on satellites provide unprecedented understanding of the Earth's climate system by measuring incoming solar radiation, as well as both passive and active observations of the entire Earth with outstanding spatial and temporal coverage. A common challenge with satellite observations is to quantify their ability to provide well-calibrated, long-term, stable records of the parameters they measure. Ground-based intercomparisons offer some insight, while reference observations and internal calibrations give further assistance for understanding long-term stability. A valuable tool for evaluating and developing long-term records from satellites is the examination of data from overlapping satellite missions. This paper addresses how the length of overlap affects the ability to identify an offset or a drift in the overlap of data between two sensors. Ozone and temperature data sets are used as examples showing that overlap data can differ by latitude and can change over time. New results are presented for the general case of sensor overlap by using Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SORCE) Spectral Irradiance Monitor (SIM) and Solar Stellar Irradiance Comparison Experiment (SOLSTICE) solar irradiance data as an example. To achieve a 1 % uncertainty in estimating the offset for these two instruments' measurement of the Mg II core (280 nm) requires approximately 5 months of overlap. For relative drift to be identified within 0.1 % yr−1 uncertainty (0.00008 W m−2 nm−1 yr−1), the overlap for these two satellites would need to be 2.5 years. Additional overlap of satellite measurements is needed if, as is the case for solar monitoring, unexpected jumps occur adding uncertainty to both offsets and drifts; the additional length of time needed to account for a single jump in the overlap data may be as large as 50 % of the original overlap period in order to achieve the same desired confidence in the stability of the merged data set. Results presented here are directly applicable to satellite Earth observations. Approaches for Earth observations offer additional challenges due to the complexity of the observations, but Earth observations may also benefit from ancillary observations taken from ground-based and in situ sources. Difficult choices need to be made when monitoring approaches are considered; we outline some attempts at optimizing networks based on economic principles. The careful evaluation of monitoring overlap is important to the appropriate application of observational resources and to the usefulness of current and future observations.
Palaeoenvironments during MIS 3 and MIS 2 inferred from lacustrine intercalations in the loess–palaeosol sequence at Bobingen (southern Germany)
Authors: Mayr Christoph , Matzke-Karasz Renate , Stojakowits Philipp , Lowick Sally E. , Zolitschka Bernd , Heigl Tanja , Mollath Richard , Theuerkauf Marian , Weckend Marc-Oliver , Bäumler Rupert , Gregor Hans-Joachim 
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Recently exposed loess–palaeosol sequences in the northern Alpine foreland close to Bobingen (southern Germany) were investigated with a multi-proxy approach combining isotopic, geochemical, lithological, and micropalaeontological methods. Luminescence ages date the sections into the Middle and Upper Würmian periods corresponding to Marine Isotope Stages 3 and 2. A gleyic soil horizon at the base was dated to 45 ka and provided a palynoflora dominated by Poaceae, Cyperaceae, and Pinus, as well as frequent aquatic taxa. Lacustrine conditions prevailed after the gley formation until 30 ka, providing a comparatively diverse lacustrine fauna dominated by aquatic gastropods and the ostracod species Candona candida. At the transition to the Upper Würm, climatic conditions became harsh, indicated by accelerated deposition of more coarse-grained loess, organic geochemical indicators, and scarceness of biotic remains. Two tundra-gley horizons in the Upper Würm point to short phases of climatic amelioration with higher humidity also evidenced by reoccurrence of ostracod and aquatic gastropod remains. We propose that these climatic ameliorations were coincident with the Greenland interstadials 4 and 2.
Prediction of surface location error in milling considering the effects of uncertain factors
Authors: Huang Xianzhen , Jia Fangjun , Zhang Yimin , Lian Jinhua 
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Machining accuracy of a milled surface is influenced by process dynamics. Surface location error (SLE) in milling determines final dimensional accuracy of the finished surface. Therefore, it is critical to predict, control, and minimize SLE. In traditional methods, the effects of uncertain factors are usually ignored during prediction of SLE, and this would tend to generate estimation errors. In order to solve this problem, this paper presents methods for probabilistic analysis of SLE in milling. A dynamic model for milling process is built to determine relationship between SLE and cutting parameters using full-discretization method (FDM). Monte-Carlo simulation (MCS) method and artificial neural network (ANN) based MCS method are proposed for predicting reliability of the milling process. Finally, a numerical example is used to evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
Making something out of nothing: Dissipating Legacy and the Legacy of Dissipating in “Babylon Revisited”
Authors: Gay Marie-Agnès 
Published: December 2017

Abstract“Babylon Revisited” (1931) embodies a paradox in the Fitzgerald canon. On the one hand, it first appeared in the publication (The Saturday Evening Post) that its author believed wasted his talent by forcing him to write for cash instead of the aesthetic accomplishment attainable in the novel. But the story is also widely considered one of his greatest achievements, a complex exploration of the dissipating moral values of the 1920s that at once critiques the era's profligacy while reminiscing nostalgically over irresponsibility from the austere perspective of the Great Depression. This article examines the depiction of dissipation through a thorough stylistic analysis to provide formal evidence of the story's literary worth. Specifically, it argues that the story's dramatic tension rises from two interrelated conflicts between dissipation and legacy. The aesthetic staging of these conflicts parallels Fitzgerald's own metatextual struggle to resolve his feelings of having too long squandered his literary talent with commercial short fiction, effectively reversing the plot's insistence that one cannot recover from dissolution. The article demonstrates that “Babylon Revisited” aesthetically represents Fitzgerald's capacity to “make something out of nothing” by turning the thin air of dissipation and disillusion into economical yet valuable prose.
Theban Autochthony and Athenian Ideology in thePhoenissaeof Euripides
Authors: Nimis Stephen 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTRecent scenes of Syrian refugees arriving in Europe and the nationalist reflections they have engendered recall the discourses of foreign and native in antiquity, a theme addressed frequently in Attic tragedy. Euripides' Phoenician Maidens is a meditation on the theme of autochthony, a key ideological and mythological nexus of ideas about identity and community. The ideal of a homogeneous community symbolized by Athenians' autochthonous heritage fits uncomfortably with another Athenian ideal: hospitality and openness to strangers. The Phoenician Maidens of Euripides reflects on the theme of sameness and otherness, foreign and native, using the resources of theater to articulate a utopian resolution of these conflicting desires.
People Before Print: Gens de Lettres, the Ottoman Printing Press, and the Search for Turkish Literature
Authors: Haddad Jonathan 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
The advent of print at the Ottoman court in 1727 was greeted in France as the triumph of learning over Islamic ignorance. These initial reactions have shaped modern narratives about the Ottoman printing press, which center on the role of its founder, Müteferrika, a Hungarian convert to Islam. This article contextualizes these accounts by turning the focus to one of Müteferrika's French interlocutors, Peyssonnel. This latter's efforts to define Turkish literature demonstrate that the Republic of Letters subsumed the divisive question of print to that of the broader category of literature, which favored cultural continuities stemming from interpersonal relations.
Hallmarks for early recognition of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Molina-Lopez Victor , Gonzalez-Bravo Diego , Watts-Oquendo Erika , Cruz-Cruz Jorge 
Published: December 2017

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (Anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is an under-recognized progressive neurological disorder caused by antibodies against the GluN1 (NR1) subunit of NMDA receptors in the brain. It is characterized by the subacute development of neuropsychiatric symptoms, movement disorders and seizures, often evolving into a severe and disabling encephalopathy with detrimental consequences over the functionality of affected individuals. The variable clinical presentation and infrequency with which it is clinically encountered presents a formidable diagnostic challenge in primary care. Initial misdiagnosis as psychiatric disease or infectious encephalitis significantly delays diagnosis and treatment of this medical condition. We present the case of a 34-year-old male who was evaluated after being transferred from a psychiatric institution due to worsening neuropsychiatric symptoms and seizures. Symptoms were preceded by new onset headaches, followed by behavioral changes, movement disorders, and a myriad of symptoms that pointed towards a psychiatric disorder. The non-specific nature of the presenting signs and symptoms of this patient led to initial misdiagnosis and delay of treatment. Thus, recognizing key elements of the patient’s clinical presentation and progression are of paramount importance. Our aim is to highlight key clinical and diagnostic findings that could help clinicians consider anti-NMDAR encephalitis in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting similarly as our patient did, as well as to present a review of literature of this unique neurological condition.
A FUNÇÃO DA ANÁLISE OU DO CÁLCULO NA MUDANÇA DA RELAÇÃO SUJEITO-OBJETO
Authors: Veiga Itamar Soares , Müller Rafael 
Published: December 2017

<p><strong>RESUMO</strong>: este artigo trata sobre o tema da transição entre a <em>mathesis</em> e o surgimento do sujeito através da inversão “copernicana” realizada por Kant durante a época moderna. Esta transição é central no livro <em>As palavras e as coisas</em> onde a preocupação com os objetos e seus signos, passa a ser uma preocupação a respeito do conhecimento do sujeito. Diante desse quadro, o foco principal da investigação remete ao cálculo matemático (a <em>Análise</em>) como o elemento metodológico que percorre ambas as fases. Este elemento metodológico é constatado tanto na época da <em>mathesis</em>, onde contribui para ordenar as coisas não-mensuráveis, quanto na época em que surge o sujeito, onde o cálculo contribui como um fator determinante da mudança. A conclusão mostra que a relação do homem com a natureza passa a ser de um mero leitor, a um sujeito ativo, provocador para que a natureza se mostre no que ela é.</p>
"UMA ARQUEOLOGIA QUE DESPEDAÇA SEUS ÍDOLOS": CRÍTICA À HISTÓRIA EM AS PALAVRAS E AS COISAS
Authors: Balbino Lorena De Paula 
Published: December 2017

<p>Desde a recepção de seus primeiros escritos, a relação de Foucault com a história tem sido interpretada de modo ambíguo. Apesar de seus trabalhos filosóficos terem um caráter fortemente historiográfico, a partir da publicação de <em>As palavras e as coisas</em>, o filósofo é visto tanto como aquele que recusa a história quanto como aquele que a revoluciona. Esse trabalho trata da recepção que teve a obra <em>As palavras e as coisas</em>, quando de seu lançamento, e procura investigar qual o caráter da crítica que recai sobre a noção de história foucaultiana. Objetivamos, ainda, acentuar de que forma a arqueologia foucaultiana pôde sinalizar os limites da operação historiográfica por meio de uma análise descontínua da crítica à origem. </p>
A FILOSOFIA DA VIOLÊNCIA E A DETERIORAÇÃO DA POLÍTICA
Authors: Soares Antonio Mateus 
Published: December 2017

Este artigo defende a ideia que a filosofia da violência mantêm relações constitutivas com os conceitos de poder, política e Estado, neste sentido se fizeram necessários aproximarmos algumas matrizes analíticas dos pensamentos de Hannah Arendt, Michel Foucault e Giorgio Agamben, autores contemporâneos fundamentais na interpretação da violência enquanto fenômeno praticados pelos humanos. Na costura compreensiva que realizamos observamos, que as relações que definem e separam poder, força e violência se estabelecem na própria execução do comportamento humano e na interpretação que realizamos dele. A violência enquanto fenômeno social apresenta-se de forma difusa e em diferentes intensidades, o que dificulta a sua circunscrição em uma única chave analítica. Manifestada historicamente em contextos de incivilidade, a violência atualmente parece se encontrar de forma normalizada ao nosso cotidiano. Na elaboração deste artigo foi realizada pesquisa em diversas obras dos autores em questão, cruzando e tensionando definições, avaliando as convergências e divergências em suas construções, não perdendo de vista que o conceito de violência é dinâmico, contextual e polissêmico. O artigo apresenta como uma de suas conclusões, que o poder como elemento fundamental das relações instituídas no convívio social, possui relação de negação e afirmação, aproximação e distanciamento com a violência, ou seja, ele está presente na prática do ato de violência como mobilizador da potência e da força, e pode se fazer ausente quando associado à prática política, tendo em vista que a violência institui-se através de práticas apolítica.