bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Legally of Agricultural Cooperatives in the State of Tocantins - Local and Regional Development
Authors: Mafra Neves Bigeli Beatriz Cilene , Aparecida de Araujo Querido Oliveira Edson , Prichoa De Marchi Liziane Fátima , Rodrigues Waldecy , De Melo Conti Diego , Capellani Quaresma Cristiano 
Published: October 2024

Objective: this work seeks to explain what rural cooperativism is, what its systematics, legislation and meanings are. Also list the importance of rural cooperatives in the state of Tocantins and their main contributions to regional economic growth.

Theoretical benchmark: the regional development ends up becoming a topic that provokes many debates, as social evolution, dissatisfaction and non-conformity in the new society causes them to group together to train skills and abilities, with local, municipal and federal governments as parties. and states for the development process. In this sense, rural cooperativism assumes a leading role in the state of Tocantins.

Method: the method used in the study will be deductive as an exploratory analysis, qualitative approach, bibliographical and documentary analysis, with the search for understanding the theoretical framework aiming to conclude on the main issues relating to rural cooperatives in the state of Tocantins.

Results and conclusion: it was observed that cooperativism promotes and highlights the leading role of the Brazilian countryside in food production and generation of employment and income in the country. Cooperatives were pillars for the nationalization and commercialization of Brazilian agricultural products, leveraging production, modernizing the countryside, investing in new technologies, conquering the international market, thus reaffirming their importance for the country's economy. In this sense, agribusiness supported by agricultural cooperatives has been the fundamental element of the productive and economic sustainability of the state of Tocantins.

Implications of the research: the research offers new scientific contributions to the topic of rural cooperativism, offering theoretical bases for interventions and public policies that impact this economic activity in a Brazilian state, the state of Tocantins, with trends of strong economic and social growth.

Originality/value: discussions regarding social transformations in recent decades, related to the globalization of the economy, technology and its accessibility, have directly reflected in social life and consequently in work relations, thus the increase in regions relegated to oblivion, thus requiring, understand the meaning of the territorial approach to rural development through the implementation of active cooperativism that strengthens existing links in related production chains. Thus, new reflections, public planning and new investments are necessary and imperative elements in Brazilian states dedicated to agribusiness such as the state of Tocantins.
THE ROLE OF MAGNESIUM SUPPLEMENTS ON HYPERTENSION IN PREGNANCY AND PREECLAMPSIA
Authors: Nurwany Raissa , Ramadhina Shafira Fitri , Pariyana Pariyana 
Published: October 2024

Objective:ThisÂ article aimsÂ to discuss the effects of magnesium supplementation on clinical outcomes of pregnancy and highlights the benefits of magnesium supplementation in reducing the risk of hypertension in pregnancy and preeclampsia.Â Method:Â In this systematic review article, the author conducted a literature search using certain keywords and selected articles that were published from 2013-2023, can be accessed in full-text in pdf format, and are in Indonesian or English. The methods used were in accordance with the reporting guidelines provided in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P).Â Results:Â After carefully searching the database and eliminating articles that were not related to the topic, 6 articles were obtained for review. Hypertension in pregnancy and preeclampsia are serious health problems that can harm both mother and baby. Magnesium supplements have been studied as a way to reduce the risk of hypertension in pregnancy and preeclampsia.Â Conclusion:Â Magnesium supplements may help reduce the risk of hypertension in pregnancy and preeclampsia.
The Relationship of The Incident o Metabolic Syndrome and Overactive Bladder in Female Patients at DR. M. Djamil Padang in 2023
Authors: Anggra Pramana  , Utama Bobby Indra , Yetti Husna 
Published: October 2024

Overactive Bladder (OAB) is a chronic medical condition that has a negative impact on an individual's health and quality of life. Cardiovascular problems are considered to be one of the risks associated with OAB where one of the higher cardiovascular parameters is metabolik syndrome.Â Aim to determine the relationship between Â metabolik syndrome and Overactive Bladder in female patients at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang.Â Quantitative research with a case control design using a questionnaire according to the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS) and examination based on metabolik syndrome symptoms. The research was conducted at Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang in November 2022 to September 2023.Â There were 60 respondents who were divided into the OAB (28/60) and no-OAB group (32/60). Most respondents were aged 50-59 years (45,0%), graduated from high school (53.3%), worked as housewives (76.7%) and had diabetes mellitus (78,3%). In this study it was also found that 48,3% of respondents suffered from hypertension and 45.0% suffered from obesity. A total of 46.7% of respondents experienced OAB symptoms with a higher percentage of OAB found in the metabolik syndrome group (76,7%) than no-metabolik syndrome group (16.7%). Bivariate analysis found a relationship between metabolik syndrome and overactive bladder symptoms (p = 0.000) with metabolik syndrome affected the incidence of overactive bladder by 16.4 times (OR 16.42, (CI 95% 4.56-59.07).Â There is a relationship between metabolik syndrome and the incidence of OAB.
Comparative Analysis of Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring (IoNM) with Conventional Thyroidectomy: A 10-Case Study
Authors: Palled Kavitha Prakash 
Published: October 2024

Objectives:
To evaluate the effectiveness of intraoperative nerve monitoring (IoNM) in reducing recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury and improving surgical outcomes compared to conventional thyroidectomy.

Material and Methods:
This study at BGS Apollo Hospital, Mysore, included 20 patients (ten with IoNM, ten conventional) from January to July 2023. Outcomes assessed were RLN injury, hypocalcemia, operative time, hospital stay, and vocal cord function.

Results:
RLN Injury: IoNM group had 10% temporary RLN injuries and no permanent injuries, versus 30% temporary and 10% permanent injuries in the conventional group.
Hypocalcemia: Transient hypocalcemia occurred in 20% of the IoNM group and 40% of the conventional group.
Operative Time and Hospital Stay: IoNM cases had a slightly longer operative time (110 min) but shorter hospital stay (2.2 days) compared to the conventional group (95 min and 3.1 days).
Vocal Cord Function: IoNM group showed minimal voice changes and normal vocal cord mobility, while 40% of the conventional group experienced significant voice issues.
Conclusion: IoNM significantly reduces RLN injury and improves recovery, despite a minor increase in operative time. IoNM is recommended for enhancing outcomes in thyroid surgery.
Динамика развития разновозрастных когорт лесных насаждений (на примере республики Мордовия)
Authors: Сыромясов Алексей Олегович , Мамедова Татьяна Фанадовна , Шалаева Анна Андреевна 
Published: October 2024

В работе модифицируется и исследуется математическая модель, позволяющая описывать развитие лесонасаждений с целью прогнозирования динамики разновозрастных когорт лесных экосистем. Модель представляет собой систему разностных уравнений, учитывает конкуренцию внутри когорт и угнетение младших возрастных групп старшими. Полученные результаты позволяют проводить дальнейшее моделирование экологических процессов в биоценозе с точки зрения управления ими. Работоспособность модели проверена на реальных статистических данных. Проведена оценка значимости «конкурентных» слагаемых.
Authors of the paper modify and analyze the mathematical model that describes afforestation dynamics in order to predict evolution of different-aged contingents of forest ecosystems. The model under study includes system of difference equations and takes into account competition inside the contingents and between them. The results obtained allow further modelling of ecological processes in biocenosis from a control point of view. The model is validated on real statistical data. Importance of ``concurrence'' terms in equations obtained is estimated.
Classificação da cobertura do solo com base em imagens RGB e multiespectrais obtidas por VANT para área de floresta seca
Authors: Da Silva Filho Rivaildo , De Paulo Rodrigues da Silva Vicente 
Published: October 2024

A Caatinga Brasileira é um bioma que corresponde à uma das maiores Florestas Tropicais Sazonalmente Secas (FTSS) do mundo e o entendimento da cobertura do solo nesta área contribui para estudos voltados a preservação ambiental e a mitigação de impactos ambientais. Um dos desafios na classificação da cobertura do solo nessa área é a distinção entre os diferentes padrões vegetativos. Nesse contexto, surgem os Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados (VANT’s) capazes de obter dados com alta resolução espacial e superar esta limitação. Esta pesquisa avalia a precisão da classificação da cobertura do solo através de dados obtidos a partir de VANT com câmera multiespectral embarcada. Duas abordagens utilizando o classificador Random Forest (RF) foram aplicadas, a primeira baseada nas bandas Red, Green, Nir e no NDVI obtidos da câmera multiespectral e a outra baseada nas bandas Red, Green, Blue e no NGRDI obtidos da câmera nativa do VANT. Os resultados das classificações foram avaliados com base em amostras de validação do modelo e indicam que a primeira abordagem apresentou o melhor desempenho com Acurácia Global de 95,33% e Coeficiente kappa de 93,33%. A varível mais importante, segundo índice MDG, foi o NDVI, o que mostra a importância do uso de índices de vegetação para realçar as características vegetativas. A partir dos resultados, conclui-se que o uso de VANT com a câmera Mapir Survey 3w embarcada é uma ferramenta eficiente para classificação da cobertura do solo na Caatinga, com alta capacidade de distinção dos padrões vegetativos.
Aqueous Seed Extract of Nigella Sativa Ameliorated Metronidazole-Induced Testicular Damage Via Up-Regulations of the Antioxidant System
Authors: Osonuga IO , Edema VB , Okebule BO , Ogunlade AA , Olukade BA , Osonuga O 
Published: October 2024

Background: Infertility is a condition characterized by the failure to achieve a pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse.
Objectives: To determine the effect of aqueous seed extract of Nigella sativa on testicular antioxidant levels in metronidazole-induced infertility in male Wistar rats.
Methods: A total of thirty-five (35) male Wistar rats (aged 7-10 weeks old) were randomly distributed into five different groups (n = 7 each); Group A (Control group), Group B (Metronidazole only), Group C (Metronidazole + aqueous seed extract of Nigella sativa), Group D (Metronidazole Recovery), and Group E (Metronidazole + aqueous seed extract of Nigella sativa + Recovery). Experimental animals received 500 mg/kg of metronidazole and 300 mg/kg of aqueous seed extract of Nigella sativa orally.
Results: Metronidazole treatment caused a significant (p<0.05) reduction in the level of testicular glutathione (Control group - 3.50±0.50; MTZ only - 2.00±0.30; MTZ+NS - 2.50±0.40; MTZ+ NS+ Recovery - 2.80±0.40). Similar reductions occurred in the activities of testicular superoxide dismutase (Control - 1.58±0.10; MTZ only - 0.23±0.06; MTZ+NS - 0.68±0.10; MTZ+ NS+ Recovery - 0.68±0.10) and catalase (Control - 2.70±0.35; MTZ only - 0.70±0.25; MTZ+NS - 1.23±0.20; MTZ+ NS+ Recovery: 1.25±0.30) which was followed by histo-architectural alterations in the testes of rats. Thereafter, aqueous seed extract of Nigella sativa treatment improved all the initial alterations caused by metronidazole treatment. Two - weeks recovery period was accompanied by a significant (p = 0.017) increase in antioxidant enzyme activities of group E when compared with group B and group D.
Conclusions: The aqueous seed extract of Nigella sativa exerts its ameliorative effect by improving antioxidant enzyme activities in the testes which then protect the testes against oxidative damage, enhancing sperm quality, preventing apoptosis, supporting testicular function, and aiding tissue repair.
Perencanaan Breakwater di Pantai Binuangeun Desa Muara, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten
Authors: Ahmad Nabil Wahyu Faraby  , Rudi Siap Bintoro  , Viv Djanat Prasita  
Published: October 2024

Pantai Binuangeun yang terletak pada sisi timur Tanjung Panto menghadapi permasalahan serius akibat abrasi yang dipicu oleh gelombang laut. Masalah ini menjadi lebih kompleks karena kurangnya infrastruktur pengamanan, seperti breakwater, yang dapat mengurangi dampak abrasi. Akibat dari abrasi ini adalah perubahan yang berkelanjutan pada garis pantai. Kabupaten Lebak, khususnya Desa Muara, yang terletak di bagian selatan Banten, menjadi salah satu daerah yang sangat terpengaruh oleh perubahan garis pantai ini. Maka perlu dilakukan tindakan pengamanan pantai yang efektif, terutama di Pantai Binuangeun. Salah satu solusi yang tengah dipertimbangkan adalah penggunaan breakwater, yang dapat membantu mengurangi dampak gelombang laut yang merusak. Sebuah analisis mendalam perlu dilakukan. Analisis ini melibatkan pemodelan posisi breakwater dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Mike 21. Hasil Analisis menunjukkan setelah dibangun Breakwater ini mampu meredam tinggi gelombang pada saat musim timur dengan pasang tertinggi yaitu dari 2.3 m menjadi 1.3 m. dan pada musim barat mampu meredam tinggi gelombang 2.4 m menjadi 1.4 m adapun arah fetch efektif yaitu pada arah tenggara, dan kemudian analisis desain Breakwater setelah perhitungan mencapai 11 m yang di tempatkan pada kedalaman -6 m.
The Use of Simulation as a Component of Clinical Education in Health Professional Entry to Practice Programs
Authors: Coleman Jaimie , Dhir Jasdeep , Kobylianski Julia , Coughlan Lindsey , Law Melanie , Pereira Daphne , Beavers Lindsay 
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Finding sufficient physiotherapy clinical placement opportunities to meet clinical education requirements has been an ongoing challenge for Canadian Physiotherapy programs. Simulation may offer viable alternatives to traditional models. The objective of the scoping review is to describe the current use and design of simulation as a component of clinical education to develop competencies in health professional programs. Methods: This scoping review followed the JBI scoping review methodology. Five databases were searched, MEDLINE, CINHAL, EMBASE, ERIC, and SportDiscus using variants of the search terms health professions education, simulation, and competency. Independent reviewers applied inclusion criteria in two stages: the abstract and title screen and the full-text review. Data was charted and analysed according to objectives. Results: Thirty studies were included in the review. There was large variability in the implementation of simulation, including level of learner, length of the simulation, competency, and simulation design. Most studies ( n = 25) evaluated the inclusion of simulation within clinical education or compared simulation to traditional clinical education experiences. Seven studies compared different simulation designs to replace clinical education time. Conclusions: The variety of simulation experiences described and being implemented provides programs with the flexibility to design simulation according to needs and resources. Rigorous research is recommended to contribute to an understanding of the most effective simulation design.
High Temperature Mechanical Behavior of Refractory Alloys with Digital Image Correlation
Authors: Bell Samuel B. W. , Pint Bruce A. , Ridley Mackenzie J. , Dryepondt Sebastien N. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Gas turbine efficiency is typically limited by the maximum allowable temperature for components at the inlet side and in the hot gas flow. Refractory alloys and SiC/SiC ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs) are promising candidates for advancing operating temperatures beyond those of Ni-based alloys (&gt;1200 °C). Refractory alloys are more suitable than SiC/SiC CMCs for dynamic components, due to the latter's low toughness and ductility. However, it is well known that refractory alloys suffer from poor oxidation behavior under service lifetimes and conditions, leading to embrittlement concerns. The ARPA-E ULTIMATE program has set out to combine new alloys with advanced coatings to mitigate oxidation/embrittlement effects, while increasing the mechanical performance benefits of refractory materials. Low oxygen (inert gas) or vacuum systems are needed to assess high temperature mechanical performance of developed alloys. To investigate the environmental sensitivity of candidate alloys and develop high temperature testing capabilities, four argon tensile frames were upgraded as well as a single vacuum system at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Digital image correlation was incorporated into the vacuum frame allowing for surface strain determination and refined insight into thermomechanical response. Creep testing was performed at 1300 °C on two alloys, C-103 and MHC in vacuum and high purity argon environments. The Mo-based alloy showed less sensitivity to oxygen, indicating that testing in well-controlled argon environments may be suitable. The C-103 alloy demonstrated a stronger sensitivity to oxygen in the well-controlled argon environment, illustrating the need for the developed vacuum testing capabilities. “Small” 25 mm and “large” 76 mm MHC specimens showed comparable results in terms of strain rate during creep testing and ultimate tensile strength during tensile testing, suggesting the viability of smaller geometries that use less material of advanced developmental alloys.
Creep Cavitation Imaging and Analysis in 9%Cr-1%Mo P91 Steels
Authors: Galliopoulou Eirini C. , Jones Christopher , Coghlan Lawrence , Zimina Mariia , Martin Tomas L. , Flewitt Peter E. J. , Cocks Alan , Siefert John , Parker Jonathan D. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The current research adopts a novel approach by integrating correlative microscopy and machine learning in order to study creep cavitation in an ex-service 9%Cr 1%Mo Grade 91 ferritic steel. This method allows for a detailed investigation of the early stages of the creep life, enabling identification of features most prone to damage such as precipitates and the ferritic crystal structure. The microscopy techniques encompass Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) imaging and Electron Back-scattered Diffraction (EBSD) imaging, providing insights into the two-dimensional distribution of cavitation. A methodology for acquiring and analysing serial sectioning data employing a Plasma Focused Ion Beam (PFIB) microscope is outlined, complemented by 3D reconstruction of backscattered electron (BSE) images. Subsequently, cavity and precipitate segmentation was performed with the use of the image recognition software, DragonFly and the results were combined with the 3D reconstruction of the material microstructure, elucidating the decoration of grain boundaries with precipitation, as well as the high correlation of precipitates and grain boundaries with the initiation of creep cavitation. Comparison between the 2D and 3D results is discussed.
Final Results of the U.S. Advanced Ultra-Supercritical Component Test Project for 760°C Steam Conditions
Authors: Hack Horst , Purgert Robert 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A United States-based consortium has successfully completed the Advanced Ultra-Supercritical Component Test (A-USC ComTest) project, building upon a 15-year materials development effort for coal-fired power plants operating at steam temperatures up to 760°C. The $27 million project, primarily funded by the U.S. Department of Energy and Ohio Coal Development Office between 2015 and 2023, focused on validating the manufacture of commercial-scale components for an 800 megawatt power plant operating at 760°C and 238 bar steam conditions. The project scope encompassed fabrication of full-scale components including superheater/reheater assemblies, furnace membrane walls, steam turbine components, and high-temperature transfer piping, utilizing nickel-based alloys such as Inconel 740H and Haynes 282 for high-temperature sections. Additionally, the team conducted testing to secure ASME Code Stamp approval for nickel-based alloy pressure relief valves. This comprehensive effort successfully established technical readiness for commercial-scale A-USC demonstration plants while developing a U.S.-based supply chain and providing more accurate cost estimates for future installations.
Cold Spray Application onto Stainless Steel Dry Cask Storage Canisters
Authors: Heath Michael , Hogan Dan , Cannell Gary , Gillespie Marie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
NAC International Inc. (NAC) is providing transportable storage canisters (TSCs) to Central Plateau Cleanup Company CPCCo) for long term dry storage of capsulized radioactive waste at the Hanford Site in Richland, WA. The TSC consists of 316/316L stainless-steel components welded to form a cylindrical canister that acts as a confinement boundary for the payload. The heat affected zones of the welded areas are most susceptible to Chloride Induced Stress Corrosion Cracking (CISCC), that may limit the life of the TSC. To mitigate CISCC during the anticipated 300-year storage period, an overcoating is applied to the heat affected zones of all external TSC fabrication welds, referred to as Cold Spray. This paper will discuss the purpose, development, and application of Cold Spray to the CPCCo TSCs. Cold Spray is a process whereby metal powder particles are deposited upon a substrate by means of ballistic impingement via a high-velocity stream of gas, resulting in a uniform deposition with minimal porosity and high bond strength. Temperatures are below the melting thresholds of many engineering materials enabling a large variety of application uses. NAC developed a process for Cold Spray application onto the 316/316L stainless-steel TSCs to serve as a CISCC protective/mitigative coating for its canister products. Testing during development arrived at nickel as the deposited coating material and nitrogen as the gas vehicle, along with a set of various application parameters. The qualified process was implemented onto the CPCCo TSCs. Prior to application, the equipment and process are validated via coupons that are sprayed and then tested to meet requirements for adhesion strength (ASTM C633) and porosity (ASTM E2109). After successful coupon testing, Cold Spray is performed on the external TSC fabrication welds, to include heat affected zones. Acceptance testing of the resulting deposition is performed via visual inspection.