bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurements of ultrafast spin-profiles and spin-diffusion properties in the domain wall area at a metal/ferromagnetic film interface
Authors: Sant T. , Ksenzov D. , Capotondi F. , Pedersoli E. , Manfredda M. , Kiskinova M. , Zabel H. , Kläui M. , Lüning J. , Pietsch U. , Gutt C. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractExciting a ferromagnetic material with an ultrashort IR laser pulse is known to induce spin dynamics by heating the spin system and by ultrafast spin diffusion processes. Here, we report on measurements of spin-profiles and spin diffusion properties in the vicinity of domain walls in the interface region between a metallic Al layer and a ferromagnetic Co/Pd thin film upon IR excitation. We followed the ultrafast temporal evolution by means of an ultrafast resonant magnetic scattering experiment in surface scattering geometry, which enables us to exploit the evolution of the domain network within a 1/e distance of 3 nm to 5 nm from the Al/FM film interface. We observe a magnetization-reversal close to the domain wall boundaries that becomes more pronounced closer to the Al/FM film interface. This magnetization-reversal is driven by the different transport properties of majority and minority carriers through a magnetically disordered domain network. Its finite lateral extension has allowed us to measure the ultrafast spin-diffusion coefficients and ultrafast spin velocities for majority and minority carriers upon IR excitation.
Transparent, abrasion-insensitive superhydrophobic coatings for real-world applications
Authors: Helmer Dorothea , Keller Nico , Kotz Frederik , Stolz Friederike , Greiner Christian , Nargang Tobias M. , Sachsenheimer Kai , Rapp Bastian E. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSuperhydrophobic surfaces and surface coatings are of high interest for many applications in everyday life including non-wetting and low-friction coatings as well as functional clothing. Manufacturing of these surfaces is intricate since superhydrophobicity requires structuring of surfaces on a nano- to microscale. This delicate surface structuring makes most superhydrophobic surfaces very sensitive to abrasion and renders them impractical for real-life applications. In this paper we present a transparent fluorinated polymer foam that is synthesized by a simple one-step photoinitiated radical polymerization. We term this material “Fluoropor”. It possesses an inherent nano-/microstructure throughout the whole bulk material and is thus insensitive to abrasion as its superhydrophobic properties are not merely due to a thin-layer surface-effect. Due to its foam-like structure with pore sizes below the wavelength of visible light Fluoropor appears optically transparent. We determined contact angles, surface energy, wear resistance and Vickers hardness to highlight Fluoropor’s applicability for real-word applications.
Mesenchymal stem cells internalize Mycobacterium tuberculosis through scavenger receptors and restrict bacterial growth through autophagy
Authors: Khan Arshad , Mann Lovepreet , Papanna Ramesha , Lyu Mi-Ae , Singh Christopher R. , Olson Scott , Eissa N. Tony , Cirillo Jeffrey , Das Gobardhan , Hunter Robert L. , Jagannath Chinnaswamy 
Published: November 2017

AbstractHuman mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) express scavenger receptors that internalize lipids, including oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). We report that MSCs phagocytoseMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) through two types of scavenger receptors (SRs; MARCO and SR-B1), as blockade of the receptors with antibodies or siRNA knockdown decreased the uptake of Mtb. MSCs also expressed mannose receptor (MR) that was found to endocytose rhodamine-labeled mannosylated BSA (rMBSA), though the receptor was not involved in the uptake of Mtb. Dil-oxLDL and rMBSA taken up into MSC endosomes colocalized with Mtb phagosomes, thus suggesting that the latter were fusion competent. Phagocytosed Mtb did not replicate within MSCs, thus suggesting an intrinsic control of bacterial growth. Indeed, MSCs exhibited intrinsic autophagy, which was up-regulated after activation with rapamycin. SiRNA knockdown of autophagy initiator beclin-1 enhanced Mtb survival, whereas rapamycin-induced autophagy increased intracellular killing of Mtb. In addition, MSCs secreted nitric oxide after Mtb infection, and inhibition of NO by N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine enhanced intracellular survival of Mtb. MSCs can be grown in large numbersin vitro, and autologous MSCs transfused into tuberculosis patients have been found to be safe and improve lung immunity. Thus, MSCs are novel phagocytic cells with a potential for immunotherapy in treating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
Disordered Nanohole Patterns in Metal-Insulator Multilayer for Ultra-broadband Light Absorption: Atomic Layer Deposition for Lithography Free Highly repeatable Large Scale Multilayer Growth
Authors: Ghobadi Amir , Hajian Hodjat , Dereshgi Sina Abedini , Bozok Berkay , Butun Bayram , Ozbay Ekmel 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we demonstrate a facile, lithography free, and large scale compatible fabrication route to synthesize an ultra-broadband wide angle perfect absorber based on metal-insulator-metal-insulator (MIMI) stack design. We first conduct a simulation and theoretical modeling approach to study the impact of different geometries in overall stack absorption. Then, a Pt-Al2O3 multilayer is fabricated using a single atomic layer deposition (ALD) step that offers high repeatability and simplicity in the fabrication step. In the best case, we get an absorption bandwidth (BW) of 600 nm covering a range of 400 nm–1000 nm. A substantial improvement in the absorption BW is attained by incorporating a plasmonic design into the middle Pt layer. Our characterization results demonstrate that the best configuration can have absorption over 0.9 covering a wavelength span of 400 nm–1490 nm with a BW that is 1.8 times broader compared to that of planar design. On the other side, the proposed structure retains its absorption high at angles as wide as 70°. The results presented here can serve as a beacon for future performance enhanced multilayer designs where a simple fabrication step can boost the overall device response without changing its overall thickness and fabrication simplicity.
Genetic association analysis of microRNA137 and its target complex 1 with schizophrenia in Han Chinese
Authors: Lu Weihong , Zhang Yi , Fang Xinyu , Fan Weixing , Tang Wei , Cai Jun , Song Lisheng , Zhang Chen 
Published: November 2017

AbstractRecent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a strong association signal of microRNA137 host gene (MIR137) with schizophrenia. MIR137 dysfunction results in downregulation of presynaptic target gene complexin 1 (CPLX1) and impairs synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the variants of MIR137 and CPLX1 confer susceptibility to schizophrenia in Han Chinese. This study employed 736 patients with schizophrenia patients and 751 well-matched healthy subjects for genetic analysis, and genotyped 12 SNPs within MIR137 and CPLX1. SZDB database was used to performed brain eQTL analysis. There were no significant differences of CPLX1 expression in hippocampus, prefrontal cortex or stratum between the schizophrenia patients and control subjects. No significant differences were observed in allele and genotype frequencies in studied SNPs between the case and control groups. Gene interaction analysis showed that MIR137 SNP rs1625579 did not affect schizophrenia susceptibility in interaction with the CPLX1 polymorphic variants. Our findings do not support MIR137 and CPLX1 conferring susceptibility to schizophrenia in Han Chinese.
Combining membrane proteomics and computational three-way pathway analysis revealed signalling pathways preferentially regulated in human iPSCs and human ESCs
Authors: Tien Wei-Sheng , Chen Pei-Mien , Chuang Ching-Yu , Lui Shook-Mun , Kuo Hung-Chih , Chen Yu-Ju , Wu Kun-Pin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractOwing to the clinical potential of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) in regenerative medicine, a thorough examination of the similarities and differences between hiPSCs and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) has become indispensable. Moreover, as the important roles of membrane proteins in biological signalling, functional analyses of membrane proteome are therefore promising. In this study, a pathway analysis by the bioinformatics tool GSEA was first performed to identify significant pathways associated with the three comparative membrane proteomics experiments: hiPSCs versus precursor human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF), hESCs versus precursor HFF, and hiPSCs versus hESCs. A following three-way pathway comparison was conducted to identify the differentially regulated pathways that may contribute to the differences between hiPSCs and hESCs. Our results revealed that pathways related to oxidative phosphorylation and focal adhesion may undergo incomplete regulations during the reprogramming process. This hypothesis was supported by another public proteomics dataset to a certain degree. The identified pathways and their core enriched proteins could serve as the starting point to explore the possible ways to make hiPSCs closer to hESCs.
All-Materials-Inclusive Flash Spark Plasma Sintering
Authors: Manière Charles , Lee Geuntak , Olevsky Eugene A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA new flash (ultra-rapid) spark plasma sintering method applicable to various materials systems, regardless of their electrical resistivity, is developed. A number of powders ranging from metals to electrically insulative ceramics have been successfully densified resulting in homogeneous microstructures within sintering times of 8–35 s. A finite element simulation reveals that the developed method, providing an extraordinary fast and homogeneous heating concentrated in the sample’s volume and punches, is applicable to all the different samples tested. The utilized uniquely controllable flash phenomenon is enabled by the combination of the electric current concentration around the sample and the confinement of the heat generated in this area by the lateral thermal contact resistance. The presented new method allows: extending flash sintering to nearly all materials, controlling sample shape by an added graphite die, and an energy efficient mass production of small and intermediate size objects. This approach represents also a potential venue for future investigations of flash sintering of complex shapes.
Code-modulated visual evoked potentials using fast stimulus presentation and spatiotemporal beamformer decoding
Authors: Wittevrongel Benjamin , Van Wolputte Elia , Van Hulle Marc M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWhen encoding visual targets using various lagged versions of a pseudorandom binary sequence of luminance changes, the EEG signal recorded over the viewer’s occipital pole exhibits so-called code-modulated visual evoked potentials (cVEPs), the phase lags of which can be tied to these targets. The cVEP paradigm has enjoyed interest in the brain-computer interfacing (BCI) community for the reported high information transfer rates (ITR, in bits/min). In this study, we introduce a novel decoding algorithm based on spatiotemporal beamforming, and show that this algorithm is able to accurately identify the gazed target. Especially for a small number of repetitions of the coding sequence, our beamforming approach significantly outperforms an optimised support vector machine (SVM)-based classifier, which is considered state-of-the-art in cVEP-based BCI. In addition to the traditional 60 Hz stimulus presentation rate for the coding sequence, we also explore the 120 Hz rate, and show that the latter enables faster communication, with a maximal median ITR of 172.87 bits/min. Finally, we also report on a transition effect in the EEG signal following the onset of the stimulus sequence, and recommend to exclude the first 150 ms of the trials from decoding when relying on a single presentation of the stimulus sequence.
Maximum temperature drove snow cover expansion from the Arctic, 2000–2008
Authors: Lin Yi , Jiang Miao 
Published: November 2017

AbstractInvestigating annual phenology of snow cover around the circumpolar Arctic is of significance for better grasping the effect of environment variation on global climate change, and previous studies found that temperature is the kernel climate feature interlinking with snow onset. However, how temperature closely drives snow cover expansion has not been fully exploited. Our analysis based on the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) and Special Sensor Microwave Imager Sounder (SSMIS) (i.e., SSM/I-SSMIS) data during 2000–2008 showed that the snow onset date (Do) was primarily driven by the maximum temperature approximately at the 22nd day in advance (termed as the optimal period, OP) in the Northern Hemisphere. Specifically, the spatial patterns of the Do trends are similar with the previous finding, e.g., east Europe and west Asia exhibiting the most notable Do delay, and the OP days in latitude show the principal trend of first decreasing and then increasing. These characteristics can be attributed to the variation of the maximum temperature feature in latitude. Overall, the derivation of the statistical rules of temperature driving snow cover expansion from the Arctic facilitates predicting the occurrence of snow and understanding various terrestrial processes.
In-situ synthesis of amorphous silver silicate/carbonate composites for selective visible-light photocatalytic decomposition
Authors: Cao Ruya , Yang Hongcen , Deng Xiaolong , Zhang Shouwei , Xu Xijin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCoupling two different semiconductors to form composite photocatalysts is an extremely significant technique for environmental remediation. Here, a one-step in-situ precipitation method has been developed to prepare amorphous silver silicate/carbonate (AgSiO/Ag2CO3) nanoparticles (NPs) composites, which are well dispersed sphere-like particles with the sizes of around ~50–100 nm. The high-efficiency photocatalytic activities under visible light (VL) have been carefully evaluated, and the AgSiO/Ag2CO3 NPs composites exhibit selective photocatalytic degradations on Methylene Blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RhB). The maximum degradation rate for MB can reach ~99.1% within ~40 min under VL irradiation, much higher than that of RhB (~12%) in the same condition, which can be ascribed to (I) the smaller molecule size of MB than that of RhB, (II) the fast charge separation between AgSiO NPs and Ag2CO3 NPs, abundant heterojunction interfaces as well as fully exposed reactive sites. These composites are proposed to be an example for the preparation of other silicate composite photocatalysts for practical applications in environmental remediation.
Methods for Scarless, Selection-Free Generation of Human Cells and Allele-Specific Functional Analysis of Disease-Associated SNPs and Variants of Uncertain Significance
Authors: Coggins Nicole B. , Stultz Jacob , O’Geen Henriette , Carvajal-Carmona Luis G. , Segal David J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWith the continued emergence of risk loci from Genome-Wide Association studies and variants of uncertain significance identified from patient sequencing, better methods are required to translate these human genetic findings into improvements in public health. Here we combine CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing with an innovative high-throughput genotyping pipeline utilizing KASP (Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR) genotyping technology to create scarless isogenic cell models of cancer variants in ~1 month. We successfully modeled two novel variants previously identified by our lab in the PALB2 gene in HEK239 cells, resulting in isogenic cells representing all three genotypes for both variants. We also modeled a known functional risk SNP of colorectal cancer, rs6983267, in HCT-116 cells. Cells with extremely low levels of gene editing could still be identified and isolated using this approach. We also introduce a novel molecular assay, ChIPnQASO (Chromatin Immunoprecipitation and Quantitative Allele-Specific Occupation), which uses the same technology to reveal allele-specific function of these variants at the DNA-protein interaction level. We demonstrated preferential binding of the transcription factor TCF7L2 to the rs6983267 risk allele over the non-risk. Our pipeline provides a platform for functional variant discovery and validation that is accessible and broadly applicable for the progression of efforts towards precision medicine.
Flat-band light dynamics in Stub photonic lattices
Authors: Real Bastián , Cantillano Camilo , López-González Dany , Szameit Alexander , Aono Masashi , Naruse Makoto , Kim Song-Ju , Wang Kai , Vicencio Rodrigo A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe experimentally study a Stub photonic lattice and excite their localized linear states originated from an isolated Flat Band at the center of the linear spectrum. By exciting these modes in different regions of the lattice, we observe that they do not diffract across the system and remain well trapped after propagating along the crystal. By using their wave nature, we are able to combine – in phase and out of phase – two neighbor states into a coherent superposition. These observations allow us to propose a novel setup for performing three different all-optical logical operations such as OR, AND, and XOR, positioning Flat Band systems as key setups to perform all-optical operations at any level of power.
Vanillin Affects Amyloid Aggregation and Non-Enzymatic Glycation in Human Insulin
Authors: Iannuzzi Clara , Borriello Margherita , Irace Gaetano , Cammarota Marcella , Di Maro Antimo , Sirangelo Ivana 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCurcumin is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer activity, as well as for its ability to interfere with amyloid aggregation and non-enzymatic glycation reaction, that makes it an attractive potential drug. However, curcumin therapeutic use is limited because of its low systemic bioavailability and chemical stability as it undergoes rapid hydrolysis in physiological conditions. Recently, much attention has been paid to the biological properties of curcumin degradation products as potential bioactive molecules. Between them, vanillin, a natural vanilla extract, is a stable degradation product of curcumin that could be responsible for mediating its beneficial effects. We have analyzed the effect of vanillin, in comparison with curcumin, in the amyloid aggregation process of insulin as well as its ability to prevent the formation of the advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Employing biophysical, biochemical and cell based assays, we show that vanillin and curcumin similarly affect insulin amyloid aggregation promoting the formation of harmless fibrils. Moreover, vanillin restrains AGE formation and protects from AGE-induced cytotoxicity. Our novel findings not only suggest that the main health benefits observed for curcumin can be ascribed to its degradation product vanillin, but also open new avenues for developing therapeutic applications of curcumin degradation products.
Flow and Grit by Design: Exploring Gamification in Facilitating Adherence to Swallowing Therapy
Authors: Constantinescu Gabriela , Rieger Jana , Mummery Kerry , Hodgetts William 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
Delivery of swallowing therapy is faced with challenges regarding access to in-clinic services and adherence to prescribed home programs. Mobile health (mHealth) technologies are being developed at a rapid pace to address these difficulties. Whereas some benefits to using these modern tools for therapy are obvious (e.g., electronic reminders), other advantages are not as well understood. One example is the potential for mHealth devices and apps to enhance adherence to treatment regimens.

Method
This article introduces a number of psychological concepts that relate to adherence and that can be leveraged by mHealth. Elements that contribute to flow (optimal experience) during an activity and those that reinforce grit (perseverance to achieve a long-term goal) can be used to engage patients in their own rehabilitation.

Results
The experience of flow can be targeted by presenting the rehabilitation exercise as an optimally challenging game, one that offers a match between challenge and ability. Grit can be supported by reinforcing routine and by varying the therapy experience using different games.

Conclusions
A combination of hardware and software design approaches have the potential to transform uninteresting and repetitive activities, such as those that make up swallowing therapy regimens, into engaging ones. The field of gamification, however, is still developing, and gamified mHealth apps will need to withstand scientific testing of their claims and demonstrate effectiveness in all phases of outcome research.
Neural Indices of Semantic Processing in Early Childhood Distinguish Eventual Stuttering Persistence and Recovery
Authors: Kreidler Kathryn , Hampton Wray Amanda , Usler Evan , Weber Christine 
Published: November 2017

PurposeMaturation of neural processes for language may lag in some children who stutter (CWS), and event-related potentials (ERPs) distinguish CWS who have recovered from those who have persisted. The current study explores whether ERPs indexing semantic processing may distinguish children who will eventually persist in stuttering (CWS-ePersisted) from those who will recover from stuttering (CWS-eRecovered).MethodFifty-six 5-year-old children with normal receptive language listened to naturally spoken sentences in a story context. ERP components elicited for semantic processing (N400, late positive component [LPC]) were compared for CWS-ePersisted, CWS-eRecovered, and children who do not stutter (CWNS).ResultsThe N400 elicited by semantic violations had a more focal scalp distribution (left lateralized and less anterior) in the CWS-eRecovered compared with CWS-ePersisted. Although the LPC elicited in CWS-eRecovered and CWNS did not differ, the LPC elicited in the CWS-ePersisted was smaller in amplitude compared with that in CWNS.ConclusionsERPs elicited in 5-year-old CWS-eRecovered compared with CWS-ePersisted suggest that future recovery from stuttering may be associated with earlier maturation of semantic processes in the preschool years. Subtle differences in ERP indices offer a window into neural maturation processes for language and may help distinguish the course of stuttering development.
Überflieger
Authors: Bleher Chris 
Published: November 2017

Zusammenfassung
EIN BUDDY FÜR SPITZENATHLETEN Herbert Leitner hat als Sportphysio bei den
österreichischen Super-Adlern alle Höhen und Tiefen erlebt. In Australien lernte
er, wo er Hand anlegen muss, aber auch, wie man die Seele streichelt.
Impact of livestock Scale on Rice Production in Battambang of Cambodia
Authors: Siek D , Xu S W , Wyu  , Ahmed A-G 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Increasing the awareness of environmental protection especially in the rural regions is important as most the farmers reside in that region. Crop-livestock proudciton has proven in many ways to encourage environmental protection. This study analyzes among other factors the impacto of livestock scale on rice production. Two regressions: Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and stepwise regression was applied to investigate these interrelationship. The result stress of three factors encouraging livestock production namely size of farmland, scale of livestock and income acquired from other jobs. The study further provides recommends to the government based on the findings of the study.