bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Water Vapor and Local Gas Velocity on the Oxidation Kinetics of In625 at 900 °C: Experimental Study and CFD Gas Phase Simulation
Authors: Duthoit Guillaume , Put Aurélie Vande , Caussat Brigitte , Vergnes Hugues , Monceau Daniel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The effect of water vapor content on the oxidation behavior of In625 at 900°C in synthetic air was reported. The higher the water vapor content, the greater the oxidation and volatilization rates were. Increasing the water vapor content led to an increase in the proportion of spinel and rutile-type oxides in the oxide scale compared to chromia, and the proportion of Al-rich oxides within the alloy. A kp-kv mass variation model was used to quantify the experimental results, and Fluent Ansys® CFD simulations of the gas phase were used to predict volatilization rates. CFD simulations were used to calculate local gas velocity, temperature and composition along with local volatilization rates at each point on the sample surface. It was possible to explain not only the variations in volatilization between upstream and downstream samples, but also the increased volatilization at sample corners. For longer durations, it was shown experimentally that the rate of volatilization decreases. This was explained by the enrichment of the oxide scale with spinel and rutile-type oxides.
Exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide does not alter maternal care and offspring quality in the European earwig
Authors: Pasquier Laura , Groutsch Julie , Verger Maïlys , Wallart Violette , Meunier Joël , Lécureuil Charlotte 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Sublethal exposure to pesticides can affect the reproduction and population dynamics of many non-target organisms, such as insects. Among these pesticides, glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) were long thought to have no effect on insects because their active compounds can only affect plants and microorganisms. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that GBH can directly or indirectly alter a wide range of fitness-related traits in insects. In this study, we tested whether exposure to the GBH Roundup© affects maternal care behaviour and juvenile development, locomotion and immunity in the European earwig, an insect commonly found in vineyards and orchards. First, we exposed female earwigs to Roundup at concentrations ten times below, equal to and ten times above the normal application rate (NAR) and then measured the expression of maternal care in terms of egg collection, egg and juvenile care, and egg and juvenile defense. We also measured maternal self-grooming and locomotor activity, and the development time, weight and size of newly produced juveniles. In a second experiment, we exposed earwig juveniles to a control solution or to Roundup and then measured their locomotion, the expression of genes involved in their development (the juveniles hormone pathway), and their survival after exposure to a fungal pathogen. Overall, our results showed no significant effect of Roundup on any of the parameters measured. This finding suggests that direct exposure to a GBH may not necessarily induce behavioural, physiological and developmental alteration in this species. It also calls for future studies to explore the underlying mechanisms behind this apparent lack of sensibility. More generally, these results highlight the importance of assessing the impact of pesticide use and the factors driving potential resilience across a wide range of non-target organisms to ensure sustainable agricultural practices.
Evaluating the Impact of National Park Pilots on Carbon Emission Reduction: Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment
Authors: Huang Jiashun , Wang Huiqing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The construction of national parks as a strategy for ecological protection and environmental governance has gained significant attention. To validate the impact of national parks on carbon alleviation, this study employs the staggered implementations of national parks as a quasi-natural experiment. Based on the difference-in-differences (DID) model, this study evaluates the impact of national park pilots on urban carbon emissions, with samples from 277 prefecture-level cities from 2010 to 2020. The results indicate that national park pilots significantly reduce carbon emissions, confirmed by a series of robustness checks. Further mechanism tests reveal that national park pilots contribute to reducing carbon emissions through expanding green spaces and curbing industrial activities. Additionally, heterogeneity analysis shows that certain types of cities experience more significant improvements in decreasing CO2 emissions after the establishment of national park pilots. This study provides new empirical evidence supporting the national parks’ role in environmental governance.
Residue-free wafer-scale direct imprinting of two-dimensional materials
Authors: Gao Weibo , Li Zhiwei , Liu Xiao , Shi Jiayu , Cai Xiangbin , Zhang Yan , Chen Wenduo , Jin Yuhao , Zhu Chao , Deng Ya , Liu Yanran , Wang Xiao , Cai Hongbing , Li Taotao , Liu Zheng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors hold great potential for next-generation electronics in extending Moore’s law beyond silicon. However, despite pioneering advances in proof-of-concept device demonstration and wafer-scale crystal synthesis, its industrialization will be hampered by the lack of a compatible residue-free patterning technology. To overcome this limitation, we demonstrate a facile metal-stamp imprinting method for patterning 2D film into wafer-scale arrays of intrinsic quality. The three-dimensional (3D) morphology of metal-stamp forms a local contact at stamp-2D interface, ensuring that the 2D material could be selectively exfoliated and leaving 2D arrays on grown substrate. Furthermore, detailed microscopy and spectroscopy characterizations are conducted to confirm their clean surface and undamaged crystal structure. A statistical analysis of the 100 back-gated transistors and 500 top-gated logic circuits shows a marked improvement in device uniformity (20 times lower variation of threshold voltage) than traditional method, and a high device yield of 97.6% on 2-inch wafer. This work achieves a residue-free, time-saving, and widely applicable patterning technique for 2D materials and lays the foundation for the future integration of 2D electronics in industry.
Two-photon absorption under few-photon irradiation for optical nanoprinting
Authors: Duan Xuan-Ming , Liang Zi-Xin , Zhao Yuan-Yuan , Chen Jing-Tao , Dong Xian-Zi , Jin Feng , Zheng Mei-Ling 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Two-photon absorption (TPA) has been widely applied for 3D imaging and nanoprinting; however, the efficiency of TPA imaging and nanoprinting using laser scanning techniques is extremely low due to the trade-off shackle between resolution and efficiency. In this work, we unveil a novel concept, few-photon irradiated TPA (fpTPA), supported by a spatiotemporal model that describes the precise time-dependent mechanism of TPA under ultralow photon irradiance with a tightly focused femtosecond laser pulse. We demonstrate that a feature size of 26 nm (1/20 λ) and a pattern period of 0.41 λ with a laser wavelength of 517 nm can be achieved by performing two-photon digital optical projection nanolithography (TPDOPL) under few-photon irradiation using the in-situ digital multiple exposure (iDME) technique, improving printing efficiency by 5 orders of magnitude. Our work offers deeper insights into the TPA mechanism and encourages the exploration of new potential applications for TPA in nanoprinting and nanoimaging.
Feasibility and applicability of implementing the Framework for Comprehensive Understanding of Structural Stigma in Mental Healthcare Systems (FOCUS-MHS): A case example of Nepal
Authors: Gurung Dristy , Subedi Bhawana , Acharya Binita , Neupane Mani , Kohrt Brandon A. , Thornicroft Graham , Gronholm Petra C 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Mental health-related structural stigma is a multifaceted issue that significantly impacts access to quality mental healthcare, particularly in low-resource settings like Nepal. Therefore, there is a clear need to understand the complexities and identify gaps for targeted interventions through evaluations of various dimensions of structural stigma within healthcare systems. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and applicability of a mental health-related structural stigma measurement framework through its implementation in Nepal’s healthcare system.
Methods
A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving data mapping, key informant interviews, and rating exercises with diverse stakeholders, including policymakers, health workers, and people with lived experience (PWLEs). A visual analogue scale or Red/Amber/Green (RAG) rating scale was used to rate each indicator within the framework for the level of structural stigma based on the mapped information and their experiences.
Results
Twenty key informants were interviewed for this exercise. Most indicators within the framework were endorsed as yellow, followed by red by participants referring to mid to high levels of structural stigma within the healthcare system. The findings also revealed that the stakeholders perceived the framework as acceptable and applicable for measuring mental health-related structural stigma in the healthcare system. However, challenges were noted regarding the clarity of some indicators, limitations of the 3-coloured visual analogue rating, and the need for comparator conditions.
Conclusion
The study underscores the measurement framework's value as a tool for identifying and addressing structural stigma in a mental healthcare system in a low-resource setting. Stakeholder engagement and contextual adaptation are crucial for its successful implementation. The insights gained can inform structural reforms and improve mental health service delivery, ultimately promoting greater equity and access for PWLEs.
Geological Characteristics of Chang’E-6 Landing Area in Micro-scale Unveiled by New Observation Data
Authors: Ren Xin , Yan Wei , Zeng Xingguo , Chen Wangli , Gao Xingye , Zuo Wei , Liu Bin , Zhang Zhoubin , Fu Qiang , Liu Jianjun , Li Chunlai 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Chang'E-6 (CE-6) mission successfully achieved humanity's first sampling and returning from the farside of the moon. Here we developed a high-precision terrain dataset with millimeter-to-centimeter resolution near the CE-6 landing site comprehensively using multi-modal data. The precise location of the CE-6 landing site was determined to be (153.9776°W, 41.6251°S, -5273 m), and a micro-scale geological analysis of the landing area was conducted. Comparative analysis suggested that the surface exposure time of CE-6 landing area was likely between that of Chang'E-4 (CE-4) and Chang'E-5 (CE-5) landing areas. The surface of the CE-6 landing area was primarily covered by local mare materials excavated from a nearby crater approximately 50m in diameter (accounting for about40%). However, due to potential influence from younger ejecta, such as that from crater Chaffee S, its geological characteristics (e.g., surface roughness) are more closely aligned with those of the CE-5 landing area.
LOW FREQUENCY DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF AGRICULTURE SOIL CONTAMINATED BY POTASH CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS
Authors: A. S. Biraris  , P. R. Chaudhari  
Published: October 2024

Present paper investigates the impact of potash (KCl) contamination on the low-frequency (100 Hz - 1 MHz) dielectric properties of agricultural soil from the western Dhule district, India. Soil samples were spiked with varied KCl concentrations (0, 5, 10, and 20 mg) and analyzed using an LCR meter to measure dielectric constant, impedance, dielectric loss, and admittance. Results demonstrate a proportional increase in dielectric constant with increasing KCl concentration, indicating enhanced polarization within the soil matrix. Conversely, impedance and admittance displayed opposite trends, with impedance decreasing and admittance increasing as KCl concentration rose. Dielectric loss also exhibited a positive correlation with KCl content. This comprehensive investigation sheds light on the dynamic interplay between soil composition and dielectric properties under varying potash concentrations, contributing valuable insights to agricultural and environmental sciences.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF AYURVEDIC SEEDS IN WASTEWATER FILTRATION
Authors: Tanish Veernapalli  , Saketh Kollipara  , Tara Pratapa  
Published: October 2024

Waterborne diseases such as Hepatovirus, Vibrio Cholera, Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Escherichia coli pose significant public and individual health challenges in underdeveloped areas lacking access to safe and clean drinking water, as mentioned in the UN Sutainable Develepment Goal Number 6, which highlights the need for sustainable and cheap water purification methods. This experiment tested the antimicrobial properties of the following ayurvedic (i) Strychnos Potatorum, (ii)Moringa Oleifera,(iii) Salvia hispanica,(IV) Foeniculum vulgare Mill, by taking stable concentrations of each seed extract and testing them against dirty water samples collected from polluted water sources. Water samples have been mixed with definite concentrations of extract, spread under agar, and then incubated for 24 hours to identify bacterial inhibition zones. After 24 hours of incubation, a Manual colony counter LMCC-A11 was used to identify major countable colonies. The sample of Strynchnos Potatorum showed the greatest bacterial inhibition, followed by Foeniculum Vulgare Mill, Slavia Hispanica, and Moringa Oleifera. Compared to dirty water, the seeds inhibited what was nearly 500-700 colonies of bacteria that could have been present in the samples.With the results above, seeds, ayurveda sample Strynchnos Potatorum, showed the most antimicrobial activity against the various bacteria and harmful compositions present in dirty water, representing its strong potential in being able to filter microbes in water to greater extents. This investigation addresses the importance of sustainable and cheaper methods of water filtration by diving into the antimicrobial aspects of various plant extracts against contaminated water, highlighting its replaceability with traditional filtration methods
GROUNDWATER QUALITY ANALYSIS AND ITS IMPACT ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY: A CASE STUDY
Authors: P. M. Ghadge  , D. B. Panaskar  
Published: October 2024

Ground water quality of twenty villages selected were from Karad taluka in Satara district was assessed during pre and post monsoon in the year 2017. The ground water samples were collected from bore wells and open wells, and their quality parameters were assessed for following attributes such as pH values ranges from in pre-monsoon and in post-monsoon, EC values in pre-monsoon and in post-monsoon of the samples. Most of the samples were found to be magnesium dominating in the pre-monsoon and in post-monsoon Ca2+ exceeds the Mg content in most of the water samples. The observation for post monsoon can result in Mg2+ toxicity which will be exhibited due to the continuous use this of water to crops.
Cations and anions concentration varies in post-monsoon is Ca-8.251meq/L, Mg2+-11.05 meq/L, CO3-5.275 meq/L, HCO3-10.85, K-21.781, Na2+-8.73 respectively while in pre-monsoon Ca2+-9.625 meq/L, Mg2+-10.248 meq/L, CO3- 2.672meq/L, HCO3-8.762meq/L, K-13.092meq/L, Na-14.382meq/L respectively.
Some parameters are analyzed statistically such as Mg Hazard, RSC, SSP, KR, RSBC, PI etc.to determine better efficiency of observations. RSC values varied from 1.1-25.2 meq/L in pre-monsoon and 80 % samples are under unsafe while 5 % are in moderate range, 15 % are safe in post-monsoon 1.1- 28.2 meq/L and 85 % are in unsafe, 5 % in moderate,10 % in safe mode, 5 % moderate, 10 % in safe mode for irrigation. SSP values in samples varied from 6.222-79.452 % (post-monsoon) to 6.671-72.84 % (Pre-monsoon); 35 % samples were good while 65 % samples were found unsuitable in pre-monsoon samples and 50 % good while 50 % unsafe in post-monsoon samples respectively.
KR values in pre-monsoon observed 0.0303-6.22 meq/L while in post-monsoon it was 0.143 to 72.631 meq/L; according to Kelley’s ratio 75 % in suitable, 5 % marginal and 20 % unsuitable in pre monsoon while 65 % suitable, 5 % marginal, 30 % unsuitable for agriculture. RSBC values are observed in pre-monsoon 1.0-8.65 while in post-monsoon 0.f3-8.65
Permeability Index (PI) also analyzed it was observed in pre-monsoon 14.208-95.661 % in post-monsoon 15.327-71.549 was observed samples are under the categories of 15 % suitable, 55 % good (class II), 30 % unsuitable (class III) in pre-monsoon and 75 % good (class II), 25 % unsuitable (class III). The most of the analyzed water samples are under alkaline category; alkaline water should be managed carefully to avoid negative impacts on crops as well as on soil.
Geochemistry and mineralogy of the shale-hosted vanadium Van Property deposit, Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories
Authors: Brueckner Stefanie M. , Green Turner , Reynolds Merilie A. , Gregory Daniel , Silva Ricardo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Shales and mudstones are fine-grained rocks formed in sedimentary basins throughout Earth’s history. These lithologies are increasingly important targets for mineral deposit exploration since they can have economic resources of critical minerals including vanadium (V), an essential component of redox-flux batteries in solar cells. However, many Paleozoic shale-hosted V deposits are metamorphosed and deformed. This commonly obscures primary features including V-bearing host phases and the original composition of organic material.
In this study, we present geochemical and mineralogical data from the Paleozoic Van Property deposit, Northwest Territories, Canada, to show that V can be released from organic matter during metamorphism and incorporated in clay phases such as illite. The siliceous argillites at the Van Property hosts up to 0.69% V2O5 and were metamorphosed to (sub-)greenschist facies. Their mineralogy is dominated by quartz with minor graphite, illite, muscovite, pyrite, sphalerite, rutile, and carbonates. Although, some illite (i.e., high-V illite) can have up to 13 wt% V2O3 and rutile can have up to 4.4 wt% V2O3, mass balance calculations are insufficient to explain V enrichment at the Van Property utilizing only illite and rutile. The third V host is inferred to be carbonaceous matter in which V accumulated syn-deposition on the seafloor. Subsequent metamorphism led to the demetallation of V-bearing geoporphyrins and the release of vanadyl ions (VO2+), some of which were then incorporated into high-V illite and rutile. This process of V enrichment highlights the role of organic matter in scavenging V from superficial reservoirs and the importance of metamorphism on subsequent V release and its incorporation into inorganic phases. The geochemistry of siliceous, V-rich argillites at the Van Property is also compared to other V-enriched shale and mudstone deposits, highlighting the diversity of shale-hosted V deposits, and emphasizing the need for further research to close the knowledge gaps related to variations in composition, mineralogy and V enrichment processes.
Oilfield produced water and constructed wetlands technology: a comprehensive review
Authors: Nyieku Florence Esi , Kabutey Felix Tetteh , Kyei Sampson Kofi , Essandoh Helen M. K. , Armah Frederick Ato , Awuah Esi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Produced water is the largest waste byproduct from the oil and gas industry with elevated levels of salts, metals, and organic constituents. This comprehensive review summarizes (1) the potential impact, (2) produced water management, and (3) identifies current research thrust areas in future efforts. Complementary treatment systems involving chemical and biological techniques offer significant advantages. The review emphasizes the application of these technologies and their performance in meeting regulatory standards. Cost, energy consumption, chemical use, and operational complexity are recognized challenges in both the water treatment industry and the oil and gas industry. It highlights the need for further research and for the optimization of processes to enhance their efficiency. The integration of conventional methods with advanced treatment processes is also explored, with a vision toward developing hybrid systems for improved treatment efficiency. Overall, complementary systems show great promise for the treatment of produced water, but further advancements, sustainability considerations, and integration with other technologies are essential for their successful implementation in large-scale applications. Maintaining expertise and awareness of water treatment issues in the oil and gas industry can help reclamation identify new technologies and solutions to technical challenges that may benefit the oilfield water treatment industry.
The Gut Health Revolution: Herbs and Dietary Phytochemicals in Balancing Gut Microbiota for Optimal Human Health
Authors: Khan Afeefa , Abass Sageer , Nizami Syed Ali Imam , Shariq Mohd , Zahiruddin Sultan , Parveen Bushra , Parveen Rabea 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
The gut microbiota is a varied population of microorganisms that live in the human
gastrointestinal system. Emerging research emphasizes the importance of this microbial ecology
in general health and its influence on a variety of disorders. The review explores the synergy
between herbal treatment and traditional medicine, emphasizing their cultural significance and
therapeutic benefits. It delves into the intricate relationship between herbal remedies, traditional
healing practices, and their sustained usage over centuries. The review highlights the pivotal role
of the gut microbiota in herbal medicine, elucidating how treatments influence the gastrointestinal
microorganisms, impacting overall health. Dietary phytochemicals are underscored for their
significance in herbal medicine and nutritional well-being, along with the interdependence of
plant extracts and botanicals. The investigation explores the molecular connections between
phytoconstituents and gut microbiota, aiming to deepen the understanding of herbal medicine's
tailored approach to specific health challenges. The summary concludes by emphasizing herbal
treatments' unique ability to regulate gut flora, contributing to overall gastrointestinal wellbeing.
In closing, the review provides a concise overview, serving as a valuable resource for
integrative medicine research, with recommendations for future exploration of herbal medicine's
potential in healthcare.