bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surfactant-free synthesis of octahedral ZnO/ZnFe2O4 heterostructure with ultrahigh and selective adsorption capacity of malachite green
Authors: Liu Jue , Zeng Min , Yu Ronghai 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA new octahedral ZnO/ZnFe2O4 heterostructure has been fabricated through a facile surfactant-free solvothermal method followed by thermal treatment. It exhibits a record-high adsorption capacity (up to 4983.0 mg·g−1) of malachite green (MG), which is a potentially harmful dye in prevalence and should be removed from wastewater and other aqueous solutions before discharging into the environment. The octahedral ZnO/ZnFe2O4 heterostructure also demonstrates strong selective adsorption towards MG from two kinds of mixed solutions: MG/methyl orange (MO) and MG/rhodamine B (RhB) mixtures, indicating its promise in water treatment.
Enhanced high-frequency absorption of anisotropic Fe3O4/graphene nanocomposites
Authors: Yin Yichao , Zeng Min , Liu Jue , Tang Wukui , Dong Hangrong , Xia Ruozhou , Yu Ronghai 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAnisotropic Fe3O4 nanoparticle and a series of its graphene composites have been successfully prepared as high-frequency absorbers. The crystal structure, morphology and magnetic property of the samples were detailed characterized through X-ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The high-frequency absorbing performance of the composites is evaluated within 2.0–18.0 GHz. Combining reduced graphene oxide (RGO) to Fe3O4 helps to adjust the permittivity and permeability of the composite, balance the dielectric loss and magnetic loss, consequently improve the absorbing performance in view of the impedance matching characteristic. The optimal reflection loss of the pure Fe3O4 sample reaches −38.1 dB with a thickness of 1.7 mm, and it increases to −65.1 dB for the sample grafted with 3 wt.% RGO. The addition of proper content of RGO both improves the reflection loss and expands the absorbing bandwidth. This work not only opens a new method and an idea for tuning the electromagnetic properties and enhancing the capacity of high-efficient absorbers, but also broadens the application of such kinds of lightweight absorbing materials frameworks.
Waves spontaneously generated by heterogeneity in oscillatory media
Authors: Cui Xiaohua , Huang Xiaodong , Hu Gang 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWave propagation is an important characteristic for pattern formation and pattern dynamics. To date, various waves in homogeneous media have been investigated extensively and have been understood to a great extent. However, the wave behaviors in heterogeneous media have been studied and understood much less. In this work, we investigate waves that are spontaneously generated in one-dimensional heterogeneous oscillatory media governed by complex Ginzburg-Landau equations; the heterogeneity is modeled by multiple interacting homogeneous media with different system control parameters. Rich behaviors can be observed by varying the control parameters of the systems, whereas the behavior is incomparably simple in the homogeneous cases. These diverse behaviors can be fully understood and physically explained well based on three aspects: dispersion relation curves, driving-response relations, and wave competition rules in homogeneous systems. Possible applications of heterogeneity-generated waves are anticipated.
Spin-Cherenkov effect in a magnetic nanostrip with interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
Authors: Xia Jing , Zhang Xichao , Yan Ming , Zhao Weisheng , Zhou Yan 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSpin-Cherenkov effect enables strong excitations of spin waves (SWs) with nonlinear wave dispersions. The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) results in anisotropy and nonreciprocity of SWs propagation. In this work, we study the effect of the interfacial DMI on SW Cherenkov excitations in permalloy thin-film strips within the framework of micromagnetism. By performing micromagnetic simulations, it is shown that coherent SWs are excited when the velocity of a moving magnetic source exceeds the propagation velocity of the SWs. Moreover, the threshold velocity of the moving magnetic source with finite DMI can be reduced compared to the case of zero DMI. It thereby provides a promising route towards efficient spin wave generation and propagation, with potential applications in spintronic and magnonic devices.
Spin Vortex Resonance in Non-planar Ferromagnetic Dots
Authors: Ding Junjia , Lapa Pavel , Jain Shikha , Khaire Trupti , Lendinez Sergi , Zhang Wei , Jungfleisch Matthias B. , Posada Christian M. , Yefremenko Volodymyr G. , Pearson John E. , Hoffmann Axel , Novosad Valentine 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn planar structures, the vortex resonance frequency changes little as a function of an in-plane magnetic field as long as the vortex state persists. Altering the topography of the element leads to a vastly different dynamic response that arises due to the local vortex core confinement effect. In this work, we studied the magnetic excitations in non-planar ferromagnetic dots using a broadband microwave spectroscopy technique. Two distinct regimes of vortex gyration were detected depending on the vortex core position. The experimental results are in qualitative agreement with micromagnetic simulations.
Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Low Bone Mass in Older Chinese Population Based on Bone Mineral Density at Multiple Skeletal Sites
Authors: Lu Yi-Chien , Lin Ying Chin , Lin Yen-Kuang , Liu Yi-Jui , Chang Kwang-Hwa , Chieng Poon-Ung , Chan Wing P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDiagnosis of osteoporosis is based on bone mineral density (BMD) measurement, which is site dependent and commonly discordant between measurement sites. We aimed to determine the prevalence of osteoporosis diagnosed based on BMD T-scores measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at different sites: the lumbar spine (LS) alone, femoral neck (FN) alone, or both. A total of 1712 women and 2028 men with LS and FN BMD measurements were enrolled. Over 50% discordance was found between osteoporosis classifications based on T-scores measured at the LS and FN. Use of the lowest T-scores measured at both the LS and right and left FN (rather than one site) significantly increased the prevalence of osteoporosis from 4.03 to 10.75% in postmenopausal women and 1.82 to 4.29% in men aged ≧50 years (p < 0.001). The trends of overall and age-adjusted prevalence of osteoporosis were similar in women and men. Osteoporosis was diagnosed at a higher rate if the USA reference rather than the Asia reference was used to calculate the T-score (26.64% vs. 10.75%). In conclusion, diagnosis based on the lowest T-score from multiple site BMD measurement can increase the prevalence of osteoporosis, demonstrating the higher sensitivity of the multiple site measurement strategy.
Fluorographene based Ultrasensitive Ammonia Sensor
Authors: Tadi Kiran Kumar , Pal Shubhadeep , Narayanan Tharangattu N. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSingle molecule detection using graphene can be brought by tuning the interactions via specific dopants. Electrostatic interaction between the most electronegative element fluorine (F) and hydrogen (H) is one of the strong interactions in hydrogen bonding, and here we report the selective binding of ammonia/ammonium with F in fluorographene (FG) resulting to a change in the impedance of the system. Very low limit of detection value of ~0.44 pM with linearity over wide range of concentrations (1 pM–0.1 μM) is achieved using the FG based impedance sensor, andthisscreen printed FG sensor works in both ionized (ammonium) and un-ionized ammonia sensing platforms. The interaction energies of FG and NH3/NH4+ are evaluated using density functional theory calculations and the interactions are mapped. Here FGs with two different amounts of fluorinecontents −~5 atomic% (C39H16F2) and ~24 atomic% (C39H16F12) - are theoretically and experimentally studied for selective, high sensitive and ultra-low level detection of ammonia. Fast responding, high sensitive, large area patternable FG based sensor platform demonstrated here can open new avenues for the development of point-of-care devices and clinical sensors.
Robust singlet dimers with fragile ordering in two-dimensional honeycomb lattice of Li2RuO3
Authors: Park Junghwan , Tan Teck-Yee , Adroja D. T. , Daoud-Aladine A. , Choi Seongil , Cho Deok-Yong , Lee Sang-Hyun , Kim Jiyeon , Sim Hasung , Morioka T. , Nojiri H. , Krishnamurthy V. V. , Manuel P. , Lees M. R. , Streltsov S. V. , Khomskii D. I. , Park Je-Geun 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWhen an electronic system has strong correlations and a large spin-orbit interaction, it often exhibits a plethora of mutually competing quantum phases. How a particular quantum ground state is selected out of several possibilities is a very interesting question. However, equally fascinating is how such a quantum entangled state breaks up due to perturbation. This important question has relevance in very diverse fields of science from strongly correlated electron physics to quantum information. Here we report that a quantum entangled dimerized state or valence bond crystal (VBC) phase of Li2RuO3 shows nontrivial doping dependence as we perturb the Ru honeycomb lattice by replacing Ru with Li. Through extensive experimental studies, we demonstrate that the VBC phase melts into a valence bond liquid phase of the RVB (resonating valence bond) type. This system offers an interesting playground where one can test and refine our current understanding of the quantum competing phases in a single compound.
Airy beam optical parametric oscillator
Authors: Aadhi A. , Chaitanya N. Apurv , Jabir M. V. , Vaity Pravin , Singh R. P. , Samanta G. K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAiry beam, a non-diffracting waveform, has peculiar properties of self-healing and self-acceleration. Due to such unique properties, the Airy beam finds many applications including curved plasma wave-guiding, micro-particle manipulation, optically mediated particle clearing, long distance communication and nonlinear frequency conversion. However, many of these applications including laser machining of curved structures, generation of curved plasma channels, guiding of electric discharges in a curved path, study of nonlinear propagation dynamics and nonlinear interaction demand Airy beam with high power, energy and wavelength tunability. Till date, none of the Airy beam sources have all these features in a single device. Here, we report a new class of coherent sources based on cubic phase modulation of a singly-resonant optical parametric oscillator (OPO), producing high-power, continuous-wave (cw), tunable radiation in 2-D Airy intensity profile existing over a length >2 m. Based on a MgO-doped periodically poled LiNbO3 crystal pumped at 1064 nm, the Airy beam OPO produces output power more than 8 W and wavelength tunability across 1.51–1.97 μm. This demonstration gives new direction for the development of sources of arbitrary structured beams at any wavelength, power and energy in all time scales (cw to femtosecond).
Nanoparticle suspensions enclosed in methylcellulose: a new approach for quantifying nanoparticles in transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Hacker Christian , Asadi Jalal , Pliotas Christos , Ferguson Sophie , Sherry Lee , Marius Phedra , Tello Javier , Jackson David , Naismith James , Lucocq John Milton 
Published: May 2016

AbstractNanoparticles are of increasing importance in biomedicine but quantification is problematic because current methods depend on indirect measurements at low resolution. Here we describe a new high-resolution method for measuring and quantifying nanoparticles in suspension. It involves premixing nanoparticles in a hydrophilic support medium (methylcellulose) before introducing heavy metal stains for visualization in small air-dried droplets by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The use of methylcellulose avoids artifacts of conventional negative stain-TEM by (1) restricting interactions between the nanoparticles, (2) inhibiting binding to the specimen support films and (3) reducing compression after drying. Methylcellulose embedment provides effective electron imaging of liposomes, nanodiscs and viruses as well as comprehensive visualization of nanoparticle populations in droplets of known size. These qualities facilitate unbiased sampling, rapid size measurement and estimation of nanoparticle numbers by means of ratio counting using a colloidal gold calibrant. Specimen preparation and quantification take minutes and require a few microliters of sample using only basic laboratory equipment and a standard TEM.
Magnetically guided central nervous system delivery and toxicity evaluation of magneto-electric nanocarriers
Authors: Kaushik Ajeet , Jayant Rahul D. , Nikkhah-Moshaie Roozbeh , Bhardwaj Vinay , Roy Upal , Huang Zaohua , Ruiz Ariel , Yndart Adriana , Atluri Venkata , El-Hage Nazira , Khalili Kamel , Nair Madhavan 
Published: May 2016

AbstractLeast component-based delivery of drug-tagged-nanocarriers across blood-brain-barriers (BBB) will allow site-specific and on-demand release of therapeutics to prevent CNS diseases. We developed a non-invasive magnetically guided delivery of magneto-electric nanocarriers (MENCs), ~20 nm, 10 mg/kg, across BBB in C57Bl/J mice. Delivered MENCs were uniformly distributed inside the brain and were non-toxic to brain and other major organs, such as kidney, lung, liver and spleen and did not affect hepatic, kidney and neurobehavioral functioning.
High current density GaAs/Si rectifying heterojunction by defect free Epitaxial Lateral overgrowth on Tunnel Oxide from nano-seed
Authors: Renard Charles , Molière Timothée , Cherkashin Nikolay , Alvarez José , Vincent Laetitia , Jaffré Alexandre , Hallais Géraldine , Connolly James Patrick , Mencaraglia Denis , Bouchier Daniel 
Published: May 2016

AbstractInterest in the heteroepitaxy of GaAs on Si has never failed in the last years due to the potential for monolithic integration of GaAs-based devices with Si integrated circuits. But in spite of this effort, devices fabricated from them still use homo-epitaxy only. Here we present an epitaxial technique based on the epitaxial lateral overgrowth of micrometer scale GaAs crystals on a thin SiO2 layer from nanoscale Si seeds. This method permits the integration of high quality and defect-free crystalline GaAs on Si substrate and provides active GaAs/Si heterojunctions with efficient carrier transport through the thin SiO2 layer. The nucleation from small width openings avoids the emission of misfit dislocations and the formation of antiphase domains. With this method, we have experimentally demonstrated for the first time a monolithically integrated GaAs/Si diode with high current densities of 10 kA.cm−2 for a forward bias of 3.7 V. This epitaxial technique paves the way to hybrid III–V/Si devices that are free from lattice-matching restrictions, and where silicon not only behaves as a substrate but also as an active medium.
Novel Coronin7 interactions with Cdc42 and N-WASP regulate actin organization and Golgi morphology
Authors: Bhattacharya Kurchi , Swaminathan Karthic , Peche Vivek S. , Clemen Christoph S. , Knyphausen Philipp , Lammers Michael , Noegel Angelika A. , Rastetter Raphael H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe contribution of the actin cytoskeleton to the unique architecture of the Golgi complex is manifold. An important player in this process is Coronin7 (CRN7), a Golgi-resident protein that stabilizes F-actin assembly at the trans-Golgi network (TGN) thereby facilitating anterograde trafficking. Here, we establish that CRN7-mediated association of F-actin with the Golgi apparatus is distinctly modulated via the small Rho GTPase Cdc42 and N-WASP. We identify N-WASP as a novel interaction partner of CRN7 and demonstrate that CRN7 restricts spurious F-actin reorganizations by repressing N-WASP ‘hyperactivity’ upon constitutive Cdc42 activation. Loss of CRN7 leads to increased cellular F-actin content and causes a concomitant disruption of the Golgi structure. CRN7 harbours a Cdc42- and Rac-interactive binding (CRIB) motif in its tandem β-propellers and binds selectively to GDP-bound Cdc42N17 mutant. We speculate that CRN7 can act as a cofactor for active Cdc42 generation. Mutation of CRIB motif residues that abrogate Cdc42 binding to CRN7 also fail to rescue the cellular defects in fibroblasts derived from CRN7 KO mice. Cdc42N17 overexpression partially rescued the KO phenotypes whereas N-WASP overexpression failed to do so. We conclude that CRN7 spatiotemporally influences F-actin organization and Golgi integrity in a Cdc42- and N-WASP-dependent manner.
Linear X‐band GaN HEMT transformer‐based Doherty power amplifier
Authors: Lee S.‐Y. , Woo J. , Park S. , Kwon Y. 
Published: May 2016

An X‐band gallium‐nitride high electron mobility transistor (GaN HEMT) transformer‐based Doherty power amplifier (TBD PA) module with a phase lineariser has been developed. The TBD PA uses Cree's 6 W GaN HEMT bare die and realised in seven‐layer PCB. The proposed lineariser is employed before the TBD PA to compensate the phase distortion during the Doherty operation. The implemented TBD PA with 9.56 GHz continuous wave test shows a 38.5% power‐added efficiency at 39.6 dBm output power. Linearity characterisation is also performed using 40 MHz bandwidth, two carriers aggregated long‐term evolution‐advanced signal and shows −35.4 dBc carrier aggregation evolved‐universal terrestrial radio access adjacent channel leakage power ratio which is 7 dB enhanced after phase compensation.
Numerical synthesis of tri‐reflector CATR with high cross‐polarisation isolation
Authors: Yang Cheng , Yu Junsheng , Yao Yuan , Liu Xiaoming , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: May 2016

In this Letter, a tri‐reflector compact antenna test range (CATR) with a paraboloidal main reflector and two shaped sub‐reflectors is synthesised by the kinematic and dynamic ray tracing method, while the high cross‐polarisation isolation is achieved through the proposed system geometry. Numerical simulations by general responsibility assignment software patterns demonstrate that a cross‐polarisation isolation >40 dB and a peak‐to‐peak amplitude (phase) ripple <1 dB (10°) can be achieved on the principal cuts of the designed quiet zone at 90–325 GHz. This clearly shows that the high cross‐polarisation isolation in such a tri‐reflector CATR can be achieved by the proposed antenna geometry without depolarisation control in the shaping procedure.
Electrical characterisation of epitaxial AlN/Nb2N heterostructures grown by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Downey B.P. , Katzer D.S. , Nepal N. , Meyer D.J. , Storm D.F. , Wheeler V.D. , Hardy M.T. 
Published: May 2016

Initial electrical characterisation of epitaxial AlN/Nb2N heterostructures grown by molecular beam epitaxy on 6H‐SiC substrates is presented. Metal–insulator–metal (MIM) devices of varying diameter were used for current–voltage and capacitance–voltage (C–V) measurements at various temperatures. From C–V measurements, a dielectric constant of 10.1 was extracted along with a linear dependence of capacitance on temperature of 0.02 nF/cm2/°C. Leakage current was determined to be consistent with a Poole–Frenkel conduction mechanism at electric fields >1.25 MV/cm with an extracted trap ionisation energy of 0.82 eV. Electric field breakdown ranged between 3.4 and 5.6 MV/cm with some dependence on the diameter of the MIM device. These initial findings demonstrate the potential for high‐power devices based on AlN.
Design and optimisation method for ultra‐low‐power ZigBee receiver front‐end
Authors: Wang Zengqi , Li Zhiqun , Cheng Guoxiao , Luo Lei , Gao Yuwenyuan 
Published: May 2016

An ultra‐low‐power (ULP) CMOS full‐band (780/868/915/2400 MHz) ZigBee receiver front‐end is presented. The front‐end consists of a wideband common‐gate LNA and an I/Q current‐commutating mixer. Current reuse and active trans‐conductance (gm) boosting techniques are utilised in this design. Details on design and optimisation method for the proposed ULP receiver front‐end are provided. Measurement results for 180 nm RF CMOS implementation show the front‐end has a conversion gain of 25.2 dB at sub‐GHz bands and 17.5 dB at 2.4 GHz band. The minimum noise figure at sub‐GHz bands is 7.3 dB. The receiver front‐end consumes only 0.826 mA from a 1.0 V DC supply and the size of the core circuit is 0.052 mm2.
21.5 dBm‐IIP3 22.5 MHz fourth‐order follow‐the‐leader‐feedback analogue filter
Authors: De Matteis M. , Pezzotta A. , Pipino A. , Baschirotto A. , D'Amico S. 
Published: May 2016

A 4th‐order single‐loop follow‐the‐leader‐feedback (FLFB) low‐pass continuous‐time filter in CMOS 0.18 µm is hereby presented. The outstanding FLFB noise behaviour is exploited to allocate the power consumption to linearity performance. The low‐pass filter prototype features 22.5 MHz−3 dB frequency, 21.5 dBm‐IIP3 and 76 µVRMS input referred in‐band integrated noise. The overall power consumption is 7 mA from a 1.8 V supply voltage. The signal‐to‐noise ratio for a −40 dB‐total harmonic distortion is 69 dB.
Vitamin D Deficiency in Pediatric Critical Care
Authors: Amrein Karin , McNally J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractVitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a well-established cause of pediatric bone and muscle disease. In addition, a role has been recognized for vitamin D in the health and stress response of other organs, including the cardiovascular, immune, and respiratory systems. As these organs are central to the development of and recovery from critical illness, VDD has been hypothesized to be a modifiable risk factor for ICU outcome. Over the past 5 years, a growing number of adult and pediatric critical care studies have investigated the prevalence of VDD and its association with illness severity and outcome. The adult studies have recently been synthesized in systematic reviews, with results that convincingly suggest the need for trials to determine whether optimization of vitamin D status improves outcome. In contrast, the pediatric ICU and related literature has not been similarly synthesized. The goal of this review is to describe vitamin D metabolism, known biological mechanisms, potential role in pathophysiology, and summarize the available pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) studies reporting on prevalence of VDD deficiency and its association with outcome. The problems with currently approved supplementation approaches and alternative strategies are discussed, including evidence from available RCTs in adult ICU. Altogether the results suggest that critically ill children are at risk for VDD, and that VDD appears to be associated with a worse clinical course. Clinical trials evaluating novel approaches to testing for and supplementing vitamin D require exploration.
Rule of Rescue vs. Rettung statistischer Leben
Authors: Lübbe W. 
Published: May 2016

Zusammenfassung
Stand der Debatte: Das Stichwort „Rule of Rescue“ bezeichnet die Praxis, dass zur Rettung akut bedrohter Menschenleben hohe Kosten nicht gescheut werden – auch ungeachtet dessen, dass bei alternativem Einsatz der Mittel sehr viel mehr Leben gerettet werden könnten. Priorisierungstheoretiker haben sich diese Praxis schwer erklären können und sie vielfach kritisch kommentiert. Bei der Einführung des Stichworts in die gesundheitspolitische Diskussion stand im Blick auf die fehlende Opportunitätskostenorientierung der Vorwurf der Irrationalität im Vordergrund. Jüngere Beiträge tragen der inzwischen verbreiteten Gegnerschaft gegen rein effizienzorientierte Priorisierungsansätze Rechnung und stellen ein Gerechtigkeitsargument in den Vordergrund: Die Regel diskriminiere statistische Leben.
Absicht: Der vorliegende Beitrag bietet eine kritische Analyse beider Vorwürfe.
Ergebnis: Es werden folgende Thesen vertreten: 1. Der Diskriminierungsvorwurf ist unbegründet; 2. die Praxis ist, auf den gesundheitlichen Nutzen bezogen, ineffizient, aber sie ist nicht irrational; 3. die Vorwürfe beruhen auf Mängeln in der handlungstheoretischen Begrifflichkeit der am Diskurs beteiligten Autoren.