bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ATPase activity tightly regulates RecA nucleofilaments to promote homologous recombination
Authors: Zhao Bailin , Zhang Dapeng , Li Chengmin , Yuan Zheng , Yu Fangzhi , Zhong Shangwei , Jiang Guibin , Yang Yun-Gui , Le X Chris , Weinfeld Michael , Zhu Ping , Wang Hailin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractHomologous recombination (HR), catalyzed in an evolutionarily conserved manner by active RecA/Rad51 nucleofilaments, maintains genomic integrity and promotes biological evolution and diversity. The structures of RecA/Rad51 nucleofilaments provide information critical for the entire HR process. By exploiting a unique capillary electrophoresis-laser-induced fluorescence polarization assay, we have discovered an active form of RecA nucleofilament, stimulated by ATP hydrolysis, that contains mainly unbound nucleotide sites. This finding was confirmed by a nuclease protection assay and electron microscopy (EM) imaging. We further found that these RecA-unsaturated filaments promote strand exchangein vitroand HRin vivo. RecA mutants (P67D and P67E), which only form RecA-unsaturated nucleofilaments, were able to mediate HRin vitroandin vivo, but mutants favoring the formation of the saturated nucleofilaments failed to support HR. We thus present a new model for RecA-mediated HR in which RecA utilizes its intrinsic DNA binding-dependent ATPase activity to remodel the nucleofilaments to a less saturated form and thereby promote HR.
GWAS meta-analysis reveals novel loci and genetic correlates for general cognitive function: a report from the COGENT consortium
Authors: Trampush J W , Yang M L Z , Yu J , Knowles E , Davies G , Liewald D C , Starr J M , Djurovic S , Melle I , Sundet K , Christoforou A , Reinvang I , DeRosse P , Lundervold A J , Steen V M , Espeseth T , Räikkönen K , Widen E , Palotie A , Eriksson J G , Giegling I , Konte B , Roussos P , Giakoumaki S , Burdick K E , Payton A , Ollier W , Horan M , Chiba-Falek O , Attix D K , Need A C , Cirulli E T , Voineskos A N , Stefanis N C , Avramopoulos D , Hatzimanolis A , Arking D E , Smyrnis N , Bilder R M , Freimer N A , Cannon T D , London E , Poldrack R A , Sabb F W , Congdon E , Conley E D , Scult M A , Dickinson D , Straub R E , Donohoe G , Morris D , Corvin A , Gill M , Hariri A R , Weinberger D R , Pendleton N , Bitsios P , Rujescu D , Lahti J , Le Hellard S , Keller M C , Andreassen O A , Deary I J , Glahn D C , Malhotra A K , Lencz T 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The complex nature of human cognition has resulted in cognitive genomics lagging behind many other fields in terms of gene discovery using genome-wide association study (GWAS) methods. In an attempt to overcome these barriers, the current study utilized GWAS meta-analysis to examine the association of common genetic variation (~8M single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) with minor allele frequency ⩾1%) to general cognitive function in a sample of 35 298 healthy individuals of European ancestry across 24 cohorts in the Cognitive Genomics Consortium (COGENT). In addition, we utilized individual SNP lookups and polygenic score analyses to identify genetic overlap with other relevant neurobehavioral phenotypes. Our primary GWAS meta-analysis identified two novel SNP loci (top SNPs: rs76114856 in the CENPO gene on chromosome 2 and rs6669072 near LOC105378853 on chromosome 1) associated with cognitive performance at the genome-wide significance level (P<5 × 10−8). Gene-based analysis identified an additional three Bonferroni-corrected significant loci at chromosomes 17q21.31, 17p13.1 and 1p13.3. Altogether, common variation across the genome resulted in a conservatively estimated SNP heritability of 21.5% (s.e.=0.01%) for general cognitive function. Integration with prior GWAS of cognitive performance and educational attainment yielded several additional significant loci. Finally, we found robust polygenic correlations between cognitive performance and educational attainment, several psychiatric disorders, birth length/weight and smoking behavior, as well as a novel genetic association to the personality trait of openness. These data provide new insight into the genetics of neurocognitive function with relevance to understanding the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric illness.
Weakening of annual temperature cycle over the Tibetan Plateau since the 1870s
Authors: Duan Jianping , Esper Jan , Büntgen Ulf , Li Lun , Xoplaki Elena , Zhang Huan , Wang Lily , Fang Yongjie , Luterbacher Jürg 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe annual cycle of extra-tropical surface air temperature is an important component of the Earth’s climate system. Over the past decades, a reduced amplitude of this mode has been observed in some regions. Although attributed to anthropogenic forcing, it remains unclear when dampening of the annual cycle started. Here we use a residual series of tree-ring width and maximum latewood density from the Tibetan Plateau >4,000 m asl to reconstruct changes in temperature seasonality over the past three centuries. The new proxy evidence suggests that the onset of a decrease in summer-to-winter temperature difference over the Tibetan Plateau occurred in the 1870s. Our results imply that the influence of anthropogenic forcing on temperature seasonality might have started in the late nineteenth century, and that future human influence may further contribute to a weakening of the annual temperature cycle, with subsequent effects on ecosystem functioning and productivity.
A signature motif in LIM proteins mediates binding to checkpoint proteins and increases tumour radiosensitivity
Authors: Xu Xiaojie , Fan Zhongyi , Liang Chaoyang , Li Ling , Wang Lili , Liang Yingchun , Wu Jun , Chang Shaohong , Yan Zhifeng , Lv Zhaohui , Fu Jing , Liu Yang , Jin Shuai , Wang Tao , Hong Tian , Dong Yishan , Ding Lihua , Cheng Long , Liu Rui , Fu Shenbo , Jiao Shunchang , Ye Qinong 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTumour radiotherapy resistance involves the cell cycle pathway. CDC25 phosphatases are key cell cycle regulators. However, how CDC25 activity is precisely controlled remains largely unknown. Here, we show that LIM domain-containing proteins, such as FHL1, increase inhibitory CDC25 phosphorylation by forming a complex with CHK2 and CDC25, and sequester CDC25 in the cytoplasm by forming another complex with 14-3-3 and CDC25, resulting in increased radioresistance in cancer cells. FHL1 expression, induced by ionizing irradiation in a SP1- and MLL1-dependent manner, positively correlates with radioresistance in cancer patients. We identify a cell-penetrating 11 amino-acid motif within LIM domains (eLIM) that is sufficient for binding CHK2 and CDC25, reducing the CHK2–CDC25 and CDC25–14-3-3 interaction and enhancing CDC25 activity and cancer radiosensitivity accompanied by mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis. Our results provide novel insight into molecular mechanisms underlying CDC25 activity regulation. LIM protein inhibition or use of eLIM may be new strategies for improving tumour radiosensitivity.
Caloric restriction improves health and survival of rhesus monkeys
Authors: Mattison Julie A. , Colman Ricki J. , Beasley T. Mark , Allison David B. , Kemnitz Joseph W. , Roth George S. , Ingram Donald K. , Weindruch Richard , de Cabo Rafael , Anderson Rozalyn M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCaloric restriction (CR) without malnutrition extends lifespan and delays the onset of age-related disorders in most species but its impact in nonhuman primates has been controversial. In the late 1980s two parallel studies were initiated to determine the effect of CR in rhesus monkeys. The University of Wisconsin study reported a significant positive impact of CR on survival, but the National Institute on Aging study detected no significant survival effect. Here we present a direct comparison of longitudinal data from both studies including survival, bodyweight, food intake, fasting glucose levels and age-related morbidity. We describe differences in study design that could contribute to differences in outcomes, and we report species specificity in the impact of CR in terms of optimal onset and diet. Taken together these data confirm that health benefits of CR are conserved in monkeys and suggest that CR mechanisms are likely translatable to human health.
Interfacial superconductivity in a bi-collinear antiferromagnetically ordered FeTe monolayer on a topological insulator
Authors: Manna S. , Kamlapure A. , Cornils L. , Hänke T. , Hedegaard E. M. J. , Bremholm M. , Iversen B. B. , Hofmann Ph. , Wiebe J. , Wiesendanger R. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in Fe-based compounds triggered numerous investigations on the interplay between superconductivity and magnetism, and on the enhancement of transition temperatures through interface effects. It is widely believed that the emergence of optimal superconductivity is intimately linked to the suppression of long-range antiferromagnetic (AFM) order, although the exact microscopic picture remains elusive because of the lack of atomically resolved data. Here we present spin-polarized scanning tunnelling spectroscopy of ultrathin FeTe1−xSex (x=0, 0.5) films on bulk topological insulators. Surprisingly, we find an energy gap at the Fermi level, indicating superconducting correlations up to Tc∼6 K for one unit cell FeTe grown on Bi2Te3, in contrast to the non-superconducting bulk FeTe. The gap spatially coexists with bi-collinear AFM order. This finding opens perspectives for theoretical studies of competing orders in Fe-based superconductors and for experimental investigations of exotic phases in superconducting layers on topological insulators.
Thermal engineering of FAPbI3 perovskite material via radiative thermal annealing and in situ XRD
Authors: Pool Vanessa L. , Dou Benjia , Van Campen Douglas G. , Klein-Stockert Talysa R. , Barnes Frank S. , Shaheen Sean E. , Ahmad Md I. , van Hest Maikel F. A. M. , Toney Michael F. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractLead halide perovskites have emerged as successful optoelectronic materials with high photovoltaic power conversion efficiencies and low material cost. However, substantial challenges remain in the scalability, stability and fundamental understanding of the materials. Here we present the application of radiative thermal annealing, an easily scalable processing method for synthesizing formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) perovskite solar absorbers. Devices fabricated from films formed via radiative thermal annealing have equivalent efficiencies to those annealed using a conventional hotplate. By coupling results from in situ X-ray diffraction using a radiative thermal annealing system with device performances, we mapped the processing phase space of FAPbI3 and corresponding device efficiencies. Our map of processing-structure-performance space suggests the commonly used FAPbI3 annealing time, 10 min at 170 °C, can be significantly reduced to 40 s at 170 °C without affecting the photovoltaic performance. The Johnson-Mehl-Avrami model was used to determine the activation energy for decomposition of FAPbI3 into PbI2.
Dynamical importance of van der Waals saddle and excited potential surface in C(1D)+D2 complex-forming reaction
Authors: Shen Zhitao , Ma Haitao , Zhang Chunfang , Fu Mingkai , Wu Yanan , Bian Wensheng , Cao Jianwei 
Published: January 2017

AbstractEncouraged by recent advances in revealing significant effects of van der Waals wells on reaction dynamics, many people assume that van der Waals wells are inevitable in chemical reactions. Here we find that the weak long-range forces cause van der Waals saddles in the prototypical C(1D)+D2 complex-forming reaction that have very different dynamical effects from van der Waals wells at low collision energies. Accurate quantum dynamics calculations on our highly accurate ab initio potential energy surfaces with van der Waals saddles yield cross-sections in close agreement with crossed-beam experiments, whereas the same calculations on an earlier surface with van der Waals wells produce much smaller cross-sections at low energies. Further trajectory calculations reveal that the van der Waals saddle leads to a torsion then sideways insertion reaction mechanism, whereas the well suppresses reactivity. Quantum diffraction oscillations and sharp resonances are also predicted based on our ground- and excited-state potential energy surfaces.
Pten is necessary for the quiescence and maintenance of adult muscle stem cells
Authors: Yue Feng , Bi Pengpeng , Wang Chao , Shan Tizhong , Nie Yaohui , Ratliff Timothy L. , Gavin Timothy P. , Kuang Shihuan 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSatellite cells (SCs) are myogenic stem cells required for regeneration of adult skeletal muscles. A proper balance among quiescence, activation and differentiation is essential for long-term maintenance of SCs and their regenerative function. Here we show a function of Pten (phosphatase and tensin homologue) in quiescent SCs. Deletion of Pten in quiescent SCs leads to their spontaneous activation and premature differentiation without proliferation, resulting in depletion of SC pool and regenerative failure. However, prior to depletion, Pten-null activated SCs can transiently proliferate upon injury and regenerate injured muscles, but continually decline during regeneration, suggesting an inability to return to quiescence. Mechanistically, Pten deletion increases Akt phosphorylation, which induces cytoplasmic translocation of FoxO1 and suppression of Notch signalling. Accordingly, constitutive activation of Notch1 prevents SC depletion despite Pten deletion. Our findings delineate a critical function of Pten in maintaining SC quiescence and reveal an interaction between Pten and Notch signalling.
Rapid adaptation drives invasion of airway donor microbiota by Pseudomonas after lung transplantation
Authors: Beaume M. , Köhler T. , Greub G. , Manuel O. , Aubert J-D. , Baerlocher L. , Farinelli L. , Buckling A. , van Delden C. ,   The Swiss Transplant Cohort Study, Achermann Rita , Amico Patrizia , Baumann Philippe , Beldi Guido , Benden Christian , Berger Christoph , Binet Isabelle , Bochud Pierre-Yves , Boely Elsa , Bucher Heiner , Bühler Leo , Carell Thierry , Catana Emmanuelle , Chalandon Yves , Geest Sabina de , Rougemont Olivier de , Dickenmann Michael , Duchosal Michel , Fehr Thomas , Ferrari-Lacraz Sylvie , Garzoni Christian , Soccal Paola Gasche , Giostra Emiliano , Golshayan Déla , Good Daniel , Hadaya Karine , Halter Jörg , Heim Dominik , Hess Christoph , Hillinger Sven , Hirsch Hans H. , Hofbauer Günther , Huynh-Do Uyen , Immer Franz , Klaghofer Richard , Koller Michael , Laesser Bettina , Lehmann Roger , Lovis Christian , Marti Hans-Peter , Martin Pierre Yves , Martinolli Luca , Meylan Pascal , Mohacsi Paul , Morard Isabelle , Morel Philippe , Mueller Ulrike , Mueller Nicolas J , Mueller-McKenna Helen , Müller Antonia , Müller Thomas , Müllhaupt Beat , Nadal David , Pascual Manuel , Passweg Jakob , Ziegler Chantal Piot , Rick Juliane , Roosnek Eddy , Rosselet Anne , Rothlin Silvia , Ruschitzka Frank , Schanz Urs , Schaub Stefan , Seiler Christian , Stampf Susanne , Steiger Jürg , Stirnimann Guido , Toso Christian , Tsinalis Dimitri , Venetz Jean-Pierre , Villard Jean , Wick Madeleine , Wilhelm Markus , Yerly Patrick 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, chronic airway infection by Pseudomonas leads to progressive lung destruction ultimately requiring lung transplantation (LT). Following LT, CF-adapted Pseudomonas strains, potentially originating from the sinuses, may seed the allograft leading to infections and reduced allograft survival. We investigated whether CF-adapted Pseudomonas populations invade the donor microbiota and adapt to the non-CF allograft. We collected sequential Pseudomonas isolates and airway samples from a CF-lung transplant recipient during two years, and followed the dynamics of the microbiota and Pseudomonas populations. We show that Pseudomonas invaded the host microbiota within three days post-LT, in association with a reduction in richness and diversity. A dominant mucoid and hypermutator mutL lineage was replaced after 11 days by non-mucoid strains. Despite antibiotic therapy, Pseudomonas dominated the allograft microbiota until day 95. We observed positive selection of pre-LT variants and the appearance of novel mutations. Phenotypic adaptation resulted in increased biofilm formation and swimming motility capacities. Pseudomonas was replaced after 95 days by a microbiota dominated by Actinobacillus. In conclusion, mucoid Pseudomonas adapted to the CF-lung remained able to invade the allograft. Selection of both pre-existing non-mucoid subpopulations and of novel phenotypic traits suggests rapid adaptation of Pseudomonas to the non-CF allograft.
Unraveling the microbial processes of black band disease in corals through integrated genomics
Authors: Sato Yui , Ling Edmund Y. S. , Turaev Dmitrij , Laffy Patrick , Weynberg Karen D. , Rattei Thomas , Willis Bette L. , Bourne David G. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCoral disease outbreaks contribute to the ongoing degradation of reef ecosystems, however, microbial mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of most coral diseases are poorly understood. Black band disease (BBD) manifests as a cyanobacterial-dominated microbial mat that destroys coral tissues as it rapidly spreads over coral colonies. To elucidate BBD pathogenesis, we apply a comparative metagenomic and metatranscriptomic approach to identify taxonomic and functional changes within microbial lesions during in-situ development of BBD from a comparatively benign stage termed cyanobacterial patches. Results suggest that photosynthetic CO2-fixation in Cyanobacteria substantially enhances productivity of organic matter within the lesion during disease development. Photosynthates appear to subsequently promote sulfide-production by Deltaproteobacteria, facilitating the major virulence factor of BBD. Interestingly, our metagenome-enabled transcriptomic analysis reveals that BBD-associated cyanobacteria have a putative mechanism that enables them to adapt to higher levels of hydrogen sulfide within lesions, underpinning the pivotal roles of the dominant cyanobacterium within the polymicrobial lesions during the onset of BBD. The current study presents sequence-based evidence derived from whole microbial communities that unravel the mechanism of development and progression of BBD.
Blue Laser Diode Enables Underwater Communication at 12.4 Gbps
Authors: Wu Tsai-Chen , Chi Yu-Chieh , Wang Huai-Yung , Tsai Cheng-Ting , Lin Gong-Ru 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTo enable high-speed underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) in tap-water and seawater environments over long distances, a 450-nm blue GaN laser diode (LD) directly modulated by pre-leveled 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) data was employed to implement its maximal transmission capacity of up to 10 Gbps. The proposed UWOC in tap water provided a maximal allowable communication bit rate increase from 5.2 to 12.4 Gbps with the corresponding underwater transmission distance significantly reduced from 10.2 to 1.7 m, exhibiting a bit rate/distance decaying slope of −0.847 Gbps/m. When conducting the same type of UWOC in seawater, light scattering induced by impurities attenuated the blue laser power, thereby degrading the transmission with a slightly higher decay ratio of 0.941 Gbps/m. The blue LD based UWOC enables a 16-QAM OFDM bit rate of up to 7.2 Gbps for transmission in seawater more than 6.8 m.
The transmission potential of malaria-infected mosquitoes (An.gambiae-Keele, An.arabiensis-Ifakara) is altered by the vertebrate blood type they consume during parasite development
Authors: Emami S. Noushin , Ranford-Cartwright Lisa C. , Ferguson Heather M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe efficiency of malaria parasite development within mosquito vectors (sporogony) is a critical determinant of transmission. Sporogony is thought to be controlled by environmental conditions and mosquito/parasite genetic factors, with minimal contribution from mosquito behaviour during the period of parasite development. We tested this assumption by investigating whether successful sporogony ofPlasmodium falciparumparasites through to human-infectious transmission stages is influenced by the host species upon which infected mosquitoes feed. Studies were conducted on two major African vector species that generally are found to differ in their innate host preferences:Anopheles arabiensisandAn. gambiae sensu stricto. We show that the proportion of vectors developing transmissible infections (sporozoites) was influenced by the source of host blood consumed during sporogony. The direction of this effect was associated with the innate host preference of vectors: higher sporozoite prevalences were generated in the usually human-specialistAn. gambiae s.s.feeding on human compared to cow blood, whereas the more zoophilicAn. arabiensishad significantly higher prevalences after feeding on cow blood. The potential epidemiological implications of these results are discussed.
Accumulation and transformation of inorganic and organic arsenic in rice and role of thiol-complexation to restrict their translocation to shoot
Authors: Mishra Seema , Mattusch Jürgen , Wennrich Rainer 
Published: January 2017

AbstractEnvironmental contamination of arsenic (As) and its accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is of serious human health concern. In planta speciation of As is an important tool to understand As metabolism in plants. In the present study, we investigated root to shoot As translocation and speciation in rice exposed to inorganic and methylated As. Arsenate (AsV) and methylarsonate (MAV) were efficiently reduced to arsenite (AsIII) and MAIII, respectively in rice root and shoot but no trivalent form of dimethylarsinate (DMAV) was detected. Further, up to 48 and 83% of root As in AsV and MAV exposed plants, respectively were complexed with various thiols showing up to 20 and 16 As species, respectively. Several mixed As- and MA-complexes with hydroxymethyl-phytochelatin, DesGly-phytochelatin, hydroxymethyl-GSH and cysteine were identified in rice. Despite high complexation in roots, more As was translocated to shoots in MAV exposed plants than AsV, with shoot/root As transfer factor being in order DMAV > MAV > AsV. Moreover, in shoots 78% MAIII and 71% AsIII were present as weakly bound species which is alarming, as MAIII has been found to be more cytotoxic than AsIII for human and it could also be an important factor inducing straighthead (spikelet sterility disorder) in rice.
Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) represses MHC II transcription in macrophages by methylating CIITA
Authors: Fan Zhiwen , Li Jianfei , Li Ping , Ye Qing , Xu Huihui , Wu Xiaoyan , Xu Yong 
Published: January 2017

AbstractEfficient presentation of alien antigens triggers activation of T lymphocytes and robust host defense against invading pathogens. This pathophysiological process relies on the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules in antigen presenting cells such as macrophages. Aberrant MHC II transactivation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Class II transactivator (CIITA) mediates MHC II induction by interferon gamma (IFN-γ). CIITA activity can be fine-tuned at the post-translational level, but the mechanisms are not fully appreciated. We investigated the role of protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) in this process. We report here that CIITA interacted with PRMT1. IFN-γ treatment down-regulated PRMT1 expression and attenuated PRMT1 binding on the MHC II promoter. Over-expression of PRMT1 repressed MHC II promoter activity while PRMT1 depletion enhanced MHC II transactivation. Mechanistically, PRMT1 methylated CIITA and promoted CIITA degradation. Therefore, our data reveal a previously unrecognized role for PRMT1 in suppressing CIITA-mediated MHC II transactivation.