bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Healthcare staff ’s experience in providing end-of-life care to children: A mixed-method review
Authors: McConnell Tracey , Scott David , Porter Sam 
Published: April 2016

Background: Staff who provide end-of-life care to children not only have to deal with their own sense of loss but also that of bereaved families. There is a dearth of knowledge on how they cope with these challenges. Aim: The aim of this review is to explore the experiences of healthcare professionals who provide end-of-life care to children in order to inform the development of interventions to support them, thereby improving the quality of paediatric care for both children and their families. Data sources: Searches included CINAHL, MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, PsychINFO and The Cochrane Library in June 2015, with no date restrictions. Additional literature was uncovered from searching reference lists of relevant studies, along with contacting experts in the field of paediatric palliative care. Design: This was a systematic mixed studies review. Study selection, appraisal and data extraction were conducted by two independent researchers. Integrative thematic analysis was used to synthesise the data. Results: The 16 qualitative, 6 quantitative and 8 mixed-method studies identified included healthcare professionals in a range of settings. Key themes identified rewards and challenges of providing end-of-life care to children, the impact on staff’s personal and professional lives, coping strategies and key approaches to help support staff in their role. Conclusion: Education focusing on the unique challenges of providing end-of-life care to children and the importance of self-care, along with timely multidisciplinary debriefing, are key strategies for improving healthcare staff’s experiences, and as such the quality of care they provide.
Activities people with cognitive deficits want to continue mastering – A scoping study
Authors: Lindqvist Eva , Persson Vasiliou Annika , Gomersall Timothy , Astelle Arlene , Mihailidis Alex , Sixsmith Andrew , Nygård Louise 
Published: April 2016

Introduction To date, potential difficulties that people with cognitive deficits meet in everyday life are relatively well known, but in which activities mastery is desired, and why, is less researched. The aim of this study was to develop deeper knowledge about activities that people with cognitive deficits want to continue mastering in everyday life and the reasons why these activities were desired. Method In the frame of a scoping study, articles were gathered and charted. Sixteen qualitative studies were selected as meeting the aim of the study and analyzed with a descriptive-interpretative method. Findings The analysis of the studies showed that the desired activities conveyed social values or independence, supported significant roles, diminished negative influence on other people, and increased health and safety. Linkages, in the form of dependencies between the desired activities, were also identified. Conclusion When planning for interventions for facilitating everyday activities, for example with technology, it is beneficial to consider both safety and values that are more closely related to meaningfulness and wellbeing. Most difficult activities were identified as hindering outdoor activities, and targeting those activities might be most valuable for enabling active everyday lives for this group.
Difficulty in eye drop administration for people with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Adamson Elizabeth , Kendall Garth 
Published: April 2016

Introduction Many people require eye drops administered daily, yet many do not instil them as prescribed. This can be due to physical difficulty managing the delivery device yet little research has focused on this. Methods Participants from ophthalmology and rheumatology clinics at hospitals within two regions in Scotland ( n = 206) were recruited and asked to complete a questionnaire about eye drop use and difficulties they experienced. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the independent relationship between key explanatory variables and the major outcome variable, which was difficulty in administration. Findings It was found that 62% of people who attended a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) clinic reported difficulty instilling eye drops and that they were four and a half times more likely to have difficulty than people who attended an ophthalmology clinic. A greater proportion of women and younger people attended the RA clinics than the ophthalmology clinics; however, the reasons given for having difficulty and the level of adherence did not differ between the two groups. Conclusion The number of people newly diagnosed with RA is increasing worldwide, particularly among women, and many need eye drops. Experiencing difficulty instilling them is therefore a significant international health issue.
Descriptions of vestibular migraine and Menière’s disease in Greek and Chinese antiquity
Authors: Huppert Doreen , Brandt Thomas 
Published: April 2016

Background Vestibular migraine and Menière’s disease are two types of episodic vertigo syndromes that were already observed in Greek and Chinese antiquity. Descriptions first appeared in the work of the classical Greek physician Aretaeus of Cappadocia, who lived in the 2nd century AD, and in Huangdi Neijing, a seminal medical source in the Chinese Medical Classics, written between the 2nd century BC and the 2nd century AD. Aim The aim of this paper is to search in Aretaeus’ book De causis et signis acutorum et chronicorum morborum and in Huangdi Neijing for descriptions of vertigo co-occurring with headache or ear symptoms that resemble current classifications of vestibular migraine or Menière’s disease. Results Aretaeus describes a syndrome combining headache, vertigo, visual disturbance, oculomotor phenomena, and nausea that resembles the symptoms of vestibular migraine. In the Chinese book Huangdi Neijing the Yellow Thearch mentions the co-occurrence of episodic dizziness and a ringing noise of the ears that recalls an attack of Menière’s disease. Conclusions The descriptions of these two conditions in Greek and Chinese antiquity are similar to the vertigo syndromes currently classified as vestibular migraine and Menière’s disease. In clinical practice it may be difficult to clearly differentiate between them, and they may also co-occur.
Reliability, Validity, and Injury Predictive Value of the Functional Movement Screen: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Bonazza Nicholas A. , Smuin Dallas , Onks Cayce A. , Silvis Matthew L. , Dhawan Aman 
Published: April 2016

Background: The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) is utilized by professional and collegiate sports teams and the military for the prevention of musculoskeletal injuries. Hypothesis: The FMS demonstrates good interrater and intrarater reliability and validity and has predictive value for musculoskeletal injuries. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using a computerized search of the electronic databases MEDLINE and ScienceDirect in adherence with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Extracted relevant data from each included study were recorded on a standardized form. The Cochran Q statistic was utilized to evaluate study heterogeneity. Pooled quantitative synthesis was performed to measure the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for interrater and intrarater reliability, along with 95% CIs, and odds ratios with 95% CIs for the injury predictive value for a score of ≤14. Results: Eleven studies for reliability, 5 studies for validity, and 9 studies for the injury predictive value were identified that met inclusion and exclusion criteria; of these, 6 studies for reliability and 9 studies for the injury predictive value were pooled for quantitative synthesis. The ICC for intrarater reliability was 0.81 (95% CI, 0.69-0.92) and for interrater reliability was 0.81 (95% CI, 0.70-0.92). The odds of sustaining an injury were 2.74 times with an FMS score of ≤14 (95% CI, 1.70-4.43). Studies for validity demonstrated flaws in both internal and external validity of the FMS. Conclusion: The FMS has excellent interrater and intrarater reliability. Participants with composite scores of ≤14 had a significantly higher likelihood of an injury compared with those with higher scores, demonstrating the injury predictive value of the test. Significant concerns remain regarding the validity of the FMS.
Continuation Rate of Atypical Antipsychotics After Discharge When Initiated in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Farrokh Salia , Castle Amber C. , Heavner Mojdeh , Pisani Margaret A. 
Published: April 2016

Purpose: The frequency with which atypical antipsychotics initiated in the intensive care unit (ICU) is unknown. While there is lack of evidence to support the exact duration of treatment, antipsychotics should not be continued chronically for agitation and psychosis related to critical illness. The objective of this study was to determine whether atypical antipsychotics initiated in the ICU at a large tertiary academic medical center were continued after hospital discharge. Safety outcomes were also assessed. Materials: A total of 1023 patients who received atypical antipsychotics during ICU stay were identified. Patients were assessed in a pseudo-randomized fashion until a sample of 191 patients was reached. After review of the exclusion criteria, the final study population was 100 patients. When antipsychotics were discontinued, progress notes were reviewed to identify the reason for discontinuation. Safety outcomes were assessed based on physician documentation in the medical charts. Results: Atypical antipsychotics were continued in 23% of patients. Atypical antipsychotics were discontinued in 1 patient due to QTc prolongation. Conclusions: Atypical antipsychotics initiated in the ICU are frequently continued after hospital discharge. Given the known risks associated with extended therapy, initiatives are needed to prevent inappropriate continuation.
Managing patients who are ultra-rapid metabolisers of antidepressant medications
Authors: Parker Gordon 
Published: April 2016

Objective: The objective of this study was to increase recognition of ultra-rapid metabolising status as a cause of treatment-resistant depression and consider management options. Conclusions: The incidence of ultra-rapid metabolising status is not rare in patients who fail to report improvement with antidepressant medication. Two broad options are available for identifying ultra-metabolising status. While there are several management options available to the clinician, combination therapy is likely of low utility while there are risks associated with mega-prescribing. As the literature is limited, clinician observations about alternate strategies would be welcomed.
The Results of Pancreatic Resections and Long-Term Survival for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Single-Institution Experience
Authors: Seppänen H. , Juuti A. , Mustonen H. , Haapamäki C. , Nordling S. , Carpelan-Holmström M. , Sirén J. , Luettges J. , Haglund C. , Kiviluoto T. 
Published: April 2016

Objectives: Since the early 1990s, low long-term survival rates following pancreatic surgery for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma have challenged us to improve treatment. In this series, we aim to show improved survival from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma during the era of centralized pancreatic surgery. Methods: Analysis of all pancreatic resections performed at Helsinki University Hospital and survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients during 2000–2013 were included. Post-operative complications such as fistulas, reoperations, and mortality rates were recorded. Patient and tumor characteristics were compared with survival data. Results: Of the 853 patients undergoing pancreatic surgery, 581 (68%) were pancreaticoduodenectomies, 195 (21%) distal resections, 28 (3%) total pancreatectomies, and 49 (6%) other procedures. Mortality after pancreaticoduodenectomy was 2.1%. The clinically relevant B/C fistula rate was 7% after pancreaticoduodenectomy and 13% after distal resection, and the re-operation rate was 5%. The 5- and 10-year survival rates for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were 22% and 14%; for T1-2, N0 and R0 tumors, the corresponding survival rates were 49% and 31%. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 >75 kU/L, carcinoembryonic antigen >5 µg/L, N1, lymph-node ratio >20%, R1, and lack of adjuvant therapy were independent risk factors for decreased survival. Conclusion: After centralization of pancreatic surgery in southern Finland, we have managed to enable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients to survive markedly longer than in the early 1990s. Based on a 1.7-million population in our clinic, mortality rates are equal to those of other high-volume centers and long-term survival rates for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma have now risen to some of the highest reported.
Ranirestat has a stronger inhibitory activity on aldose reductase and suppresses inflammatory reactions in high glucose–exposed endothelial cells
Authors: Ishibashi Yuji , Matsui Takanori , Matsumoto Takafumi , Kato Hiroshi , Yamagishi Sho-ichi 
Published: April 2016

Objective: Under diabetic conditions, glucose is converted to sorbitol via aldose reductase, whose process could contribute to diabetic vascular complications. However, effects of aldose reductase inhibitors are modest in diabetic patients. This may be attributed to weak inhibitory activity of aldose reductase inhibitors. We compared effects of ranirestat on endothelial cell damage with those of epalrestat. Materials and methods: Intracellular formations of sorbitol and superoxide were measured by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry–mass spectrometry and dihydroethidium staining, respectively. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 gene expression was analysed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. THP-1 cell adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells was evaluated using a fluorescent probe. Results: High glucose significantly increased sorbitol levels, superoxide generation and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 mRNA levels in, and THP-1 cell adhesion to, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, all of which were prevented by 500 nM ranirestat, but not epalrestat except for superoxide production. Conclusion: Our present results suggest that ranirestat has a stronger inhibitory activity on aldose reductase than epalrestat and suppresses inflammatory reactions in high glucose–exposed human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
Action Learning and Leadership Development
Authors: Volz-Peacock Mary , Carson Bea , Marquardt Michael 
Published: April 2016

The Problem Today organizations worldwide are faced with the growing challenge of increasing the capabilities of their leaders with less time and fewer financial resources. However, most leadership development programs are ineffective and expensive and provide little focus on the social, interpersonal, and strategic aspects of leadership. This research seeks to answer the following questions: How are leadership skills developed through action learning? How are these skills embodied and consequently transferred to the workplace? The Solution Action learning with a trained coach is a cost-effective approach that enables leaders to develop capabilities while working to solve urgent organizational or social problems. In essence, leaders are learning while working. This article reports on a model of action learning that was used with hundreds of organizations throughout the world for over a decade. It presents a number of action learning procedures to develop key leadership skills as identified by the individual and emphasizes the use of a trained coach. The Stakeholders This article provides researchers and scholarly practitioners in the field of human resource development (HRD), organizational development trainers and coaches, and organizational teams, leaders, and managers with findings that support the growing importance of action learning in the field of leadership development. Other interested parties may include people who want to solve complex social problems in our world today in efforts to really make a difference.
Engagement with and outcomes of a Midwifery-led intervention group for pregnant women of high body mass index
Authors: Chwah Sarah R , Reilly Amanda , Hall Beverley , O’Sullivan Anthony J , Henry Amanda 
Published: April 2016

Aims To compare pregnancy care, maternal and neonatal outcomes of women with Body Mass Index (BMI) >30 enrolled in a Weight Intervention Group versus other models of antenatal care. Methods Retrospective, case-control study of mothers with BMI >30 managed with a specialised programme versus age-matched women enrolled in standard models of care. Results One thousand, one hundred and fifteen of 9954 pregnant women with singleton pregnancies, had a BMI >30, of whom 9.6% enrolled in the intervention group. Compared to controls, the intervention group had superior implementation of local high BMI guidelines, including; nutritional /weight gain advice (86% vs. 46%, p < 0.001), regular weighing (80% vs. 33%, p < 0.001), lactation consultant referrals (8% vs. 1%, p = 0.02), third trimester anaesthetic review and ultrasound (50% vs. 20.9%, p = 0.04 and 55% vs. 43%). Initiation of breastfeeding was higher in the intervention group (100% vs. 90%, p = 0.001). No significant difference was noted in Caesarean rate (30% vs 32%) and birthweight (3538 g vs 3560 g). Conclusions Women with high BMI enrolled in a specialised antenatal management programme received increased care, and had superior breastfeeding initiation rates. However, engagement was poor, and no significant differences were noted in antenatal or postnatal complications, mode of birth or neonatal outcome.
Spatiotemporal gait parameters and plantar pressure distribution during barefoot walking in people with gout and asymptomatic hyperuricemia: comparison with healthy individuals with normal serum urate concentrations
Authors: Stewart Sarah , Dalbeth Nicola , Vandal Alain C. , Rome Keith 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundTo identify spatiotemporal gait parameters and plantar pressure distribution during barefoot walking in people with gout and people with asymptomatic hyperuricemia by comparing them to healthy individuals with normal serum urate concentrations.MethodsEighty‐seven participants were included: 24 with gout, 29 with asymptomatic hyperuricemia and 34 age‐ and sex‐matched normouricemic control participants. Spatiotemporal parameters of gait were assessed during level barefoot walking using a GAITRite® walkway. Peak plantar pressure and pressure time integrals were recorded using a TekScan MatScan®. Results were adjusted for age and body mass index.ResultsCompared to normouricemic control participants, participants with gout demonstrated increased step time (P = 0.022) and stance time (P = 0.022), and reduced velocity (P = 0.050). Participants with gout also walked with decreased peak pressure at the heel (P = 0.012) and hallux (P = 0.036) and increased peak pressure (P < 0.001) and pressure time integrals (P = 0.005) at the midfoot. Compared to normouricemic control participants, participants with asymptomatic hyperuricemia demonstrated increased support base (P = 0.002), double support time (P < 0.001) and cadence (P = 0.028) and reduced swing time (P = 0.019) and single support time (P = 0.020) as well as increased pressure at the midfoot (P = 0.013), first metatarsal (P = 0.015) and second metatarsal (P = 0.007).ConclusionDuring barefoot walking, people with gout walk slower with plantar pressure patterns suggestive of apropulsive and antalgic gait strategies. Individuals with asymptomatic hyperuricemia also demonstrate altered barefoot gait patterns when compared to normouricemic control participants. Clinicians may consider dynamic gait outcomes when assessing and managing foot and lower limb related pain and disability in individuals with gout and asymptomatic hyperuricemia.
A Schauder-type theorem for discontinuous operators with applications to second-order BVPs
Authors: Figueroa Rubén , Infante Gennaro 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe prove a new fixed point theorem of Schauder type, which applies to discontinuous operators in noncompact domains. In order to do so, we present a modification of a recent Schauder-type theorem of Pouso. We apply our result to second-order boundary value problems with discontinuous nonlinearities. We include an example to illustrate our theory.
Neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury resistant to conventional therapies - case report
Authors: Daszkiewicz Andrzej , Gierlotka Zbigniew , Nierodziński Wojciech , Misiołek Aleksandra , Misiołek Hanna 
Published: April 2016

CelU części chorych z bólem neuropatycznym leczenie jest nieskuteczne, mimo, iż jest zgodnie z aktualnymi zaleceniami. W tej grupie chorych mogą być skuteczne alternatywne metody leczenia, takie jak hipnoza.MetodaW pracy przedstawiono przypadek 58 letniego mężczyzny z ośrodkowym bólem neuropatycznym, który rozwinął się po urazie rdzenia kręgowego w odcinku szyjnym. Farmakoterapia z zastosowaniem leków przeciwpadaczkowych (łącznie z gabapentoidami), leków przeciwdepresyjnych (trójcyklicznych oraz wybiórczych inhibitorów serotoniny i noradrenaliny) i opioidowych leków przeciwbólowych była nieskuteczna. Podjęto decyzję o inwazyjnym leczeniu bólu. Została założona elektroda do stymulacji czasowej splotu trzewnego i podjęto próbę neuromodulacji, niestety nieskuteczną. Po ponownej ocenie pacjent został skierowany do konsultacji psychiatrycznej do specjalisty stosującego hipnozę w swojej praktyce.WynikiPsychiatra zakwalifikował chorego do leczenia bólu z zastosowaniem hipnozy. Po kilku sesjach hipnotycznych natężenie bólu w oceniane w numerycznej skali bólu (numerical rating scale - NRS) zmniejszyło się z 7 punktów NRS do 5 punktów NRS. Ból o tym natężeniu stał się dla chorego bólem do zaakceptowania.WnioskiU niektórych chorych hipnoza może być skuteczną metodą leczenia bólu neuropatycznego.