bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Copper(II) Triflate‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative CH Functionalization of Glycine Derivatives with Olefins and Organoboranes
Authors: Xie Zhiyu , Jia Jiong , Liu Xigong , Liu Lei 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAn economical, and practical copper(II) triflate‐catalyzed aerobic oxidative CH functionalization of glycine derivatives with olefins and organoboranes has been established. The mild reaction has an excellent functional group tolerance, and exhibits a broad scope with respect to both glycine derivatives and the two types of nucleophilic components, allowing for the facile synthesis of diverse substituted quinolines and glycine derivatives bearing various patterns of functionalities in the α‐position.magnified image
Investigation of epoxy‐resin‐modified asphalt binder
Authors: Cong Peiliang , Tian Yu , Liu Ning , Xu Peijun 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTEpoxy asphalt (EA) binder has been used extensively for paving long‐span bridges in many countries because it shows excellent heat resistance, is free from bleeding, has a low‐temperature cracking resistance, and has aggregate scattering resistance. EA binders were prepared by the mixture of asphalt, epoxy resin, and a new curing agent (CR) with functional groups. The properties of the EA binder were characterized by their viscosity, tensile strength, elongation at break, compatibility, morphology, glass transition temperature (Tg), contact angle, and surface free energy. The curing process was analyzed. The results indicate that the curing temperature and asphalt content had significant effects on the properties of the EA binder. We observed that most of the strength was generated after the first 3 h at 165 °C; this provided good workability for EA pavement construction. The CR with various functional groups improved the compatibility and morphology of the EA binder. The test results show that Tg of the EA binder decreased and the contact angles increased with increasing asphalt content. It is worth noting the contact angles between water and the EA binder were always greater than 90°; this implied that the EA binder was hydrophobic and, hence, water repellent. The surface free energy and dispersion force increases with decreasing asphalt content. However, the polarity forces decreased with decreasing asphalt content. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43401.
A highly oriented poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) film: Facile synthesis and application for supercapacitor
Authors: Yang Huan , Liu Ye , Wang Zhongde , Liu Yiming , Du Haiyan , Hao Xiaogang 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTA single crystal poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) film with highly oriented arrangement has been fabricated from an aqueous solution by a novel unipolar pulse electropolymerization method. Film formation mechanism was proposed based on the in situ mass change during electropolymerization process measured by the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance. The compositions, morphology and crystal structure of the fabricated films are characterized by Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction, respectively. It is found that the prepared PEDOT film on carbon nanotubes (CNTs)‐modified electrode with a spongy dendritic structure possesses outstanding electroactivity, high specific capacitances (239.1 F⋅g−1, including the specific capacitances of CNTs which is 21.4 F⋅g−1), and excellent cycling stability with 7.3% decay from its initial capacitance over 10,000 cycles. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43418.
Poly(lactic acid) plasticized by biodegradable glyceryl lactate
Authors: Yuan Ye , Hu Zeyu , Fu Xiaowei , Jiang Liang , Xiao Yao , Hu Kai , Yan Peiyao , Lei Jinxin 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTThe esterification of glycerol with lactic acid was carried out to synthesize glyceryl lactate, which was used as a as a plasticizer with different contents and blended with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) to get a completely biodegradable material with potential applications because of its biodegradability. The structural, morphological, thermal, and mechanical properties of the plasticized PLA were studied to evaluate the plasticizing effects. The results show that the PLA plasticized with glyceryl lactate had a lower glass‐transition temperature and a better ductility. With increasing plasticizer content, the crystallinity of PLA increased. The elongation at break reached 380%, and the impact strength was 1.7 times that of neat PLA. Simultaneously, the migration rate measurements showed that glyceryl lactate presented relatively low migration toward the surface compared with glycerol and citrate esters. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43460.
Best practices for treating coronary ostial lesions
Authors: Alame Aya , Brilakis Emmanouil S. 
Published: February 2016

Key Points

Percutaneous coronary intervention of ostial lesions can be fraught with multiple challenges.
Intravascular ultrasound detects imperfect stenting results (stent underexpansion and incomplete ostial coverage) in approximately half of imaged ostial lesions.
Corrective actions based on intravascular ultrasound imaging can improve the long‐term outcomes of patients undergoing ostial lesion stenting.
Look left, look right, but it is mostly just straight ahead
Authors: Butman Samuel M. 
Published: February 2016

Key Points

Predicting the likelihood of side branch occlusion is possible.
Guaranteeing side branch patency without procedural stenting, not so much.
Wouldn't a randomized multicenter trial to define when to “pretreat,” let alone “post‐treat” the side branch and its impact, if any, on immediate‐ and long‐term outcomes be most excellent?
A monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy requiring termination due to maternal anemia caused by bleeding from chronic abruption
Authors: Nagashima Ami , Aoki Shigeru , Seki Kazuo , Hirahara Fumiki 
Published: February 2016

Key Clinical MessageIn patients with bloody amniotic fluid, expectant management for chronic abruption is difficult and should not be applied except after a 48‐h waiting period required for administration of steroids.
Optimal Design and Economic Evaluation of Dividing‐Wall Columns
Authors: Long Hai , Clark Jennifer , Benyounes Hassiba , Shen Weifeng , Dong Lichun , Wei Shun'an 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIn an effort to reduce costs, a systematic optimization approach is proposed to address the energy consumption of dividing‐wall columns (DWCs). This iterative optimization procedure begins by minimizing the overall heat duty using an innovative objective function within a constrained design space. A sensitivity analysis is then carried out on the manipulated variables to obtain their optimal ranges. Optimal operating parameters are obtained through the evaluation of the total annualized cost (TAC). For the separation process of benzene/toluene/o‐xylene, the optimal DWC flow sheet exhibits a significant decrease in TAC when compared to conventional flow sheet optimum designs. The applied optimization method and sensitivity analysis have proven to produce results at the global optimum. This method is both practical and easily applied to other systems, even to systems with more than three components.
Automation of Solubility Measurements on a Robotic Platform
Authors: Thygs Fabian B. , Merz Juliane , Schembecker Gerhard 
Published: February 2016

AbstractExperimental investigation in the laboratory can be accelerated and supported by miniaturized automation techniques. In the design of unit operations, e.g., for crystallization and precipitation processes or for chromatographic separations where no solids should appear during the run, reliable solubility data are mandatory. The development and validation of a robotic routine for completely automated solubility measurements are introduced. The triple‐determination of automated solubility measurements of the model systems succinic acid and adipic acid/water have a relative standard deviation below 0.99 % and are comparable to literature and manual experiments. Data are generated with high precision and accuracy, and the experimental effort and the hands‐on time are reduced significantly to a few minutes necessary to prepare the platform since all subsequent pipetting and control steps are automated.
Matrix‐Based Encapsulation of Construction Chemicals Using High‐Shear Agglomeration
Authors: Daake Henning von , Stascheit Robert , Stephan Dietmar 
Published: February 2016

AbstractEncapsulation of dry superplasticizers in matrix‐based encapsulation systems was investigated. As basic material, commercially available fly ash was granulated by high‐shear agglomeration. Due to a high variability of factors affecting the encapsulation process and later release of admixtures, the design‐of‐experiments method was applied to reduce the quantity of experiments. Statistical evaluation indicates that the particle characteristics of the agglomerates were mostly influenced by the binder viscosity during the investigations. The delayed admixture release was enhanced by high binder viscosity and low energy input during the agglomeration process due to a coating of the bigger superplasticizer particles by the smaller fly ash. These results will help to develop encapsulated construction chemicals with controlled admixture delivery for the future application in a wide range of different building materials.
Somatosensory brainstem, thalamus, and cortex of the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus)
Authors: Sawyer Eva K. , Turner Emily C. , Kaas Jon H. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTPinnipeds (sea lions, seals, and walruses) are notable for many reasons, including their ape‐sized brains, their adaptation to a coastal niche that combines mastery of the sea with strong ties to land, and the remarkable abilities of their trigeminal whisker system. However, little is known about the central nervous system of pinnipeds. Here we report on the somatosensory areas of the nervous system of the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus). Using stains for Nissl, cytochrome oxidase, and vesicular glutamate transporters, we investigated the primary somatosensory areas in the brainstem, thalamus, and cortex in one sea lion pup and the external anatomy of the brain in a second pup. We find that the sea lion's impressive array of whiskers is matched by a large trigeminal representation in the brainstem with well‐defined parcellation that resembles the barrelettes found in rodents but scaled upward in size. The dorsal column nuclei are large and distinct. The ventral posterior nucleus of the thalamus has divisions, with a large area for the presumptive head representation. Primary somatosensory cortex is located in the neocortex just anterior to the main vertical fissure, and precisely locating it as we do here is useful for comparing the highly gyrified pinniped cortex with that of other carnivores. To our knowledge this work is the first comprehensive report on the central nervous system areas for any sensory system in a pinniped. The results may be useful both in the veterinary setting and for comparative studies related to brain evolution. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:1957–1975, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Security analysis of the IEEE 802.15.6 standard
Authors: Toorani Mohsen 
Published: February 2016

SummaryA wireless body area network (WBAN) consists of low‐power devices that are capable of sensing, processing, and wireless communication. WBANs can be used in many applications such as military, ubiquitous health care, entertainment, and sport. The IEEE Std 802.15.6‐2012 is the latest international standard for WBAN. In this paper, we scrutinize the security structure of the IEEE 802.15.6‐2012 standard and perform a security analysis on the cryptographic protocols in the standard. We show that some protocols have subtle security problems and are vulnerable to different attacks. Such vulnerabilities neutralize the security provisions in the standard specifically for medical applications that deal with sensitive information and security problems can be life‐threatening. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Utility of folate receptor alpha immunohistochemistry in cytology specimens of metastatic breast carcinoma, metastatic serous carcinoma of Müllerian origin, and primary lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Sheikh Umer N. , Cohen Cynthia , Siddiqui Momin T. 
Published: February 2016

BackgroundFolate receptor alpha (FRA) overexpression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) has been shown to various degrees in histologic specimens from breast ductal carcinoma (DC), serous carcinoma of Müllerian origin (SCM), and primary lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) among others. Antifolate therapies have recently shown usefulness in FRA overexpressing malignancies. We assessed the feasibility for detecting FRA overexpression by IHC in cytologic cell blocks (CB) from the aforementioned carcinomas.MethodCases of breast DC, SCM and lung ADC were included. The CB were immunostained with FRA employing mAb 26B.3.F2 (Biocare Medical, Concord, CA). FRA staining was scored qualitatively, by intensity, and staining area.Results4/20 (20%) triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), 27/29 (93%) SCM, and 20/22 (91%) lung ADC showed positive FRA immunoreactivity. All ER/PR positive (n = 5) and Her2‐neu positive (n = 5) DC were negative with FRA IHC.ConclusionsFRA expression can be detected with a higher degree of confidence in SCM (93%) and lung ADC (91%) in CB, and to a lesser degree in TNBC. Our data also shows that FRA expression by IHC was more frequently associated with TNBC (20%) when compared with ER/PR positive or Her2neu positive breast cancers. FRA overexpression detected by IHC in CB is highly concordant with the published results of surgical specimens from SCM and lung ADC and less so from TNBC. Hence, IHC FRA analysis can be performed in the CB preparation with a high degree of confidence in SCM and lung ADC. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:369–376. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Is there a role for the thinprep imaging system in reporting anal cytology?
Authors: Roberts Jennifer Margaret , Jin Fengyi , Ekman Deborah , Adams Marjorie Kay , McDonald Ross Lindsay , Thurloe Julia Kathleen , Richards Adele , Poynten Isobel Mary , Law Carmella , Fairley Christopher Kincaid , Hillman Richard John , Tabrizi Sepehr N. , Cornall Alyssa Marie , Templeton David James , Garland Suzanne Marie , Grulich Andrew Edwin , Farnsworth Annabelle 
Published: February 2016

BackgroundThe ThinPrep Imaging System (TIS) is an accurate time‐saving method of reading cervical ThinPrep slides in screening programs. As anal and cervical cytology are morphologically similar, TIS can potentially be used for anal cytology. We assessed the performance of TIS on anal ThinPrep slides from homosexual men in a natural history study of human papillomavirus‐related anal abnormalities.MethodsFour hundred nineteen anal cytology slides were processed by TIS and classified by a cytologist as either No further review (slide archived) or Manual review (slide requiring full manual screen). The results were compared with the original manual screening report for all slides and specifically for those screening episodes accompanied by a high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) on concurrent biopsy.ResultsOne hundred seventy six of 419 (42.0%) slides were classified as No further review, with a trend of decreasing proportions as the degree of severity of the cytological abnormality increased. Thirteen (27.7%) slides with an original unsatisfactory report were classified as No further review. Eighty two (92.1%) of those with biopsy HSIL and cytological abnormality were classified for Manual review, including all 45 (100%) with cytological HSIL.ConclusionThe cervical algorithm of TIS performed best on anal samples when HSIL was present both cytologically and histologically. The 27.7% unsatisfactory slides classified as No further review may indicate need for use of different criteria from cervical cytology. Because of the high prevalence of abnormalities, and hence the large proportion of slides needing manual review, the cytologist time‐saving would compare unfavorably with use of TIS in cervical screening. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:384–388. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Voltammetric Detection of Captopril Using Copper(II) and an Unmodified Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Areias Madalena C. C. , Shimizu Kenichi , Compton Richard G. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWe report a simple, sensitive, and rapid detection of captopril using copper(II) and a bare glassy carbon electrode with cyclic voltammetry. The captopril is detected by the formation of a copper(II)‐captopril complex that is observed to have a characteristic oxidation potential at+0.24 V vs. Ag/AgCl. It is found that the peak current varies linearly with the concentration of captopril. The linear dynamic range is obtained for a captopril concentration of 1 µM to 10 µM, and the sensitivity is found to be 0.10±0.003 μA μM−1. Importantly, the low limit of detection (n=3) of 0.10 μM and the precision of 3.2 %, are achieved using a simple, unmodified electrode. This is attributable to in situ adsorption of a copper(II)‐captopril complex on the electrode surface.
Dorsal premotor activity and connectivity relate to action selection performance after stroke
Authors: Stewart Jill Campbell , Dewanjee Pritha , Shariff Umar , Cramer Steven C. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractCompensatory activation in dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) during movement execution has often been reported after stroke. However, the role of PMd in the planning of skilled movement after stroke has not been well studied. The current study investigated the behavioral and neural response to the addition of action selection (AS) demands, a motor planning process that engages PMd in controls, to movement after stroke. Ten individuals with chronic, left hemisphere stroke and 16 age‐matched controls made a joystick movement with the right hand under two conditions. In the AS condition, participants moved right or left based on an abstract, visual rule; in the execution only condition, participants moved in the same direction on every trial. Despite a similar behavioral response to the AS condition (increase in reaction time), brain activation differed between the two groups: the control group showed increased activation in left inferior parietal lobule (IPL) while the stroke group showed increased activation in several right/contralesional regions including right IPL. Variability in behavioral performance between participants was significantly related to variability in brain activation. Individuals post‐stroke with relatively poorer AS task performance showed greater magnitude of activation in left PMd and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), increased left primary motor cortex‐PMd connectivity, and decreased left PMd‐DLPFC connectivity. Changes in the premotor‐prefrontal component of the motor network during complex movement conditions may negatively impact the performance and learning of skilled movement and may be a prime target for rehabilitation protocols aimed at improving the function of residual brain circuits after stroke. Hum Brain Mapp 37:1816–1830, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Endoscopic endonasal study of the cavernous sinus and quadrangular space: Anatomic relationships
Authors: Dolci Ricardo L. L. , Upadhyay Smita , Ditzel Filho Leo F. S. , Fiore Mariano E. , Buohliqah Lamia , Lazarini Paulo R. , Prevedello Daniel M. , Carrau Ricardo L. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe quadrangular space permits an anterior entry into Meckel's cave while obviating the need for cerebral or cranial nerve retraction. This avenue is intimately associated with the cavernous sinus; thus, from this ventral perspective, it is feasible to visualize the anteromedial, anterolateral, and Parkinson triangles.MethodsTwenty middle cranial fossae were dissected endonasally under direct endoscopic visualization. Measurements of the surface area of the quadrangular space and the ventrally accessible cavernous sinus triangles were performed using 3 coordinates under image‐guided navigation.ResultsThe surface area of the quadrangular space was 16.36 mm2 (±2.89 mm2). The anterolateral triangle was the largest (47.27 ± 5.37 mm2), whereas Parkinson's was the smallest (22.46 ± 5.54 mm2); the anteromedial triangle presented an average surface area 36.07 mm2 (±4.15 mm2).ConclusionThe trajectory of the internal carotid artery (ICA) significantly impacts the quadrangular space area and may be a potential parameter for defining the feasibility of this corridor. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1680–E1687, 2016
Prospective investigation and literature review of tolerance dose on salivary glands using quantitative salivary gland scintigraphy in the intensity‐modulated radiotherapy era
Authors: Lee Sea‐Won , Kang Keon Wook , Wu Hong‐Gyun 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the scintigraphic results on patients who undergo intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) to investigate the tolerance doses for the salivary glands.MethodsSalivary scintigraphy was performed on 35 patients with head and neck cancer before the beginning of radiotherapy (RT), and then at 6 weeks and again at 3 months after the completion of RT. Xerostomia was recorded according to the Radiation Therapy and Oncology Group (RTOG) grade. Salivary function was evaluated by calculating the excretion rate changes (ΔF) for each salivary gland before and after RT.ResultsThe parotid mean dose was significantly related to parotid ΔF and the submandibular gland mean dose to the submandibular gland ΔF. The parotid mean dose of 23 Gy was best correlated with the RTOG grades. The submandibular gland mean dose significantly related to ΔF ≤–50% and ≤–75% was 42 Gy.ConclusionThe parotid mean dose of 23 Gy and the submandibular gland mean dose of 42 Gy is feasible for salivary function preservation in the IMRT era. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1746–E1755, 2016
Validation of methodology for assessment of pulmonary function in patients who undergo total laryngectomy
Authors: Castro Mario A. , Dedivitis Rogério Aparecido , Salge João M. , Koyama Leonardo K. , Cernea Claudio Roberto , Brandão Lenine Garcia 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn patients submitted to laryngectomy, pulmonary complications may lead to death. A simple method with a standardized extratracheal device for the pulmonary assessment of laryngectomized patients would be very useful. The purpose of this study was to validate the methodology for pulmonary assessment in these patients through the application of an adhesive extratracheal device.MethodsThis transversal study included 50 patients who had been submitted to total laryngectomy. Pulmonary tests were used to characterize the presence of respiratory functional limitation. Aiming at evaluating the reproducibility of the performed tests, parameters were used for the acceptance of the tests. A comparison of these parameters was made with 50 tests performed in nonlaryngectomized patients.ResultsThe total of rejected tests was greater in the control group when compared to the laryngectomized group.ConclusionThe methodology for the assessment of the pulmonary function by using the extratracheal proposed device is reliable, accurate, and reproducible. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E2030–E2034, 2016