bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiofrequency catheter ablation is effective for atrial fibrillation patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by decreasing left atrial pressure
Authors: Ikenaga Hiroki , Nakano Yukiko , Oda Noboru , Suenari Kazuyoshi , Sairaku Akinori , Tokuyama Takehito , Kawazoe Hiroshi , Matsumura Hiroya , Tomomori Shunsuke , Kihara Yasuki 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundRadiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) refractory to medical therapy remains controversial in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM); the acute effects on the direct left atrial (LA) pressure are not completely understood.MethodsWe consecutively studied patients with HCM (n=15) and without HCM (NHCM, n=106) who underwent extensive encircling pulmonary vein isolation for drug‐refractory AF. We compared clinical parameters, echocardiographic parameters, electrophysiological parameters, LA pressures using hemodynamic catheterization and recurrence rate in both groups.ResultsThe LA volume index was significantly higher (51.9±13.6 mL/m2 vs. 41.6±12.7 mL/m2, p=0.02) in the HCM group than the NHCM group. The pre‐ablation mean LA pressure was significantly higher in the HCM group than the NHCM group. Among the AF patients, the mean LA pressure decreased more significantly in the HCM group than the NHCM group (post‐ablation minus pre‐ablation pressures: 4.2±3.7 mmHg vs. 0.9±4.1 mmHg, p=0.03). The early recurrence rate (within 30 days after ablation) tended to be higher in the HCM group than the NHCM group (20% vs. 5.7%, p=0.08), but the rates of late recurrences (>30 days after ablation) were similar (13.3% vs. 7.6%, p=0.83). Discontinuation of antiarrhythmic drugs occurred at rates of 13% and 62% in the HCM and NHCM groups, respectively (p<0.001).ConclusionsThe LA pressure in the HCM group decreased immediately after AF RFCA. Patients with HCM and drug‐refractory AF may benefit from RFCA.
Radiofrequency ablation of the lateral palatal space for snoring
Authors: Woodson B. Tucker , Tadokoro Kent S. , MacKay Stuart G. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivePilot study to examine the effect of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the lateral palatal fat pad in patients with socially‐disruptive snoring.MethodSnoring outcomes and complications were compared between a group of patients with treated with RFA ablation of the lateral soft palate fat pad with or without inferior turbinate reduction (8 patients) and another group undergoing inferior turbinate reduction alone (12 patients).ResultsSnoring loudness and bothersomeness improved in the palate but not inferior turbinate group. Pain was mild and no major complications were observed.ConclusionThe study supports RFA ablation of the lateral palatal space as a potential low morbidity procedure for snoring.
The Obama War Powers Legacy and the Internal Forces That Entrench Executive Power
Authors: Ingber Rebecca 
Published: June 2017

As we contemplate the incoming presidential administration, we stare ahead into uncharted space. It may seem as though recent history leaves us unprepared for what lies ahead. What can a discussion of the Obama war powers legacy, and the transition from the Bush to Obama administration, tell us about a transition from Barack Obama to the next president, and beyond?Yet there are lessons here. Noone can predict precisely how the president-elect and the team that is installed will confront the rule of law or grapple with the bureaucratic norms that I discuss in this paper. But systemic forces exist inside the executive branch that influence presidential decision-making in each modern administration and, barring a total reimagining of the executive branch, will operate on administrations to come. These internal forces include mechanisms and norms that fall within two broad categories: (1) those that favor continuity and hinder presidents from effecting change, and (2) those that incrementally help ratchet up claims to executive power.
Heat-stabilised rice bran consumption by colorectal cancer survivors modulates stool metabolite profiles and metabolic networks: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Brown Dustin G. , Borresen Erica C. , Brown Regina J. , Ryan Elizabeth P. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRice bran (RB) consumption has been shown to reduce colorectal cancer (CRC) growth in mice and modify the human stool microbiome. Changes in host and microbial metabolism induced by RB consumption was hypothesised to modulate the stool metabolite profile in favour of promoting gut health and inhibiting CRC growth. The objective was to integrate gut microbial metabolite profiles and identify metabolic pathway networks for CRC chemoprevention using non-targeted metabolomics. In all, nineteen CRC survivors participated in a parallel randomised controlled dietary intervention trial that included daily consumption of study-provided foods with heat-stabilised RB (30 g/d) or no additional ingredient (control). Stool samples were collected at baseline and 4 weeks and analysed using GC-MS and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-MS. Stool metabolomics revealed 93 significantly different metabolites in individuals consuming RB. A 264-fold increase inβ-hydroxyisovaleroylcarnitine and 18-fold increase inβ-hydroxyisovalerate exemplified changes in leucine, isoleucine and valine metabolism in the RB group. A total of thirty-nine stool metabolites were significantly different between RB and control groups, including increased hesperidin (28-fold) and narirutin (14-fold). Metabolic pathways impacted in the RB group over time included advanced glycation end products, steroids and bile acids. Fatty acid, leucine/valine and vitamin B6metabolic pathways were increased in RB compared with control. There were 453 metabolites identified in the RB food metabolome, thirty-nine of which were identified in stool from RB consumers. RB consumption favourably modulated the stool metabolome of CRC survivors and these findings suggest the need for continued dietary CRC chemoprevention efforts.
A systematic review of the psychometric properties, usability and clinical impacts of mobile mood-monitoring applications in young people
Authors: Dubad M. , Winsper C. , Meyer C. , Livanou M. , Marwaha S. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundMobile mood-monitoring applications are increasingly used by mental health providers, widely advocated within research, and a potentially effective method to engage young people. However, little is known about their efficacy and usability in young populations.MethodA systematic review addressing three research questions focused on young people: (1) what are the psychometric properties of mobile mood-monitoring applications; (2) what is their usability; and (3) what are their positive and negative clinical impacts? Findings were synthesised narratively, study quality assessed and compared with evidence from adult studies.ResultsWe reviewed 25 articles. Studies on the psychometric properties of mobile mood-monitoring applications were sparse, but indicate questionable to excellent internal consistency, moderate concurrent validity and good usability. Participation rates ranged from 30% to 99% across studies, and appeared to be affected by methodological factors (e.g. payments) and individual characteristics (e.g. IQ score). Mobile mood-monitoring applications are positively perceived by youth, may reduce depressive symptoms by increasing emotional awareness, and could aid in the detection of mental health and substance use problems. There was very limited evidence on potential negative impacts.ConclusionsEvidence for the use of mood-monitoring applications in youth is promising but limited due to a lack of high-quality studies. Future work should explicate the effects of mobile mood-monitoring applications on effective self-regulation, clinical outcomes across disorders and young people's engagement with mental health services. Potential negative impacts in this population should also be investigated, as the adult literature suggests that application use could potentially increase negativity and depression symptoms.
The legal implications of dementia in the workplace: establishing a cross-disciplinary research agenda
Authors: EGDELL VALERIE , STAVERT JILL , MCGREGOR REBECCA 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTDementia is a growing issue in the United Kingdom (UK) with over 800,000 people affected. Of these people, in excess of 40,000 are aged under 65 years. Thus, a significant number of individuals may be experiencing symptoms of dementia while in employment. In addition, as working lives extend, the potential impact of dementia on the workplace could be substantial. However, to date, there has been little research on experiences of dementia in the workplace. The research that exists highlights the lack of support for workers with dementia. Dementia may be considered to be a disability under the Equality Act 2010. Therefore, the legislation potentially provides a framework for individuals to request that their employer make reasonable adjustments to support their continued employment. International human rights law is potentially another tool that could be utilised to obtain necessary adjustments. This paper argues that in developing the evidence base on workplace experiences of dementia, it is important that the legal framework be considered. This paper reviews the existing literature on dementia in the workplace and embeds this in the legislative framework in order to establish a cross-disciplinary research agenda. While the paper focuses on the UK legal context, the argument presented in the paper is still relevant to other national contexts.
Ion acceleration mechanism in plasma focus devices
Authors: Sadeghi H. , Habibi M. , Ghasemi M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPlasma focus is one type of ion source with energy up to few MeV. While some efforts have been made to understand the physics of ion beam acceleration in plasma focus devices (PFD), an acceptable clarification does not exist yet. In this work, the procedure of ions) electrons) acceleration in PFDs to the MeV energy is investigated theoretically. Moreover, the trajectory of electrons (ions) and their angular distribution are studied. The simulations are carried out by COMSOL Multiphysics version 5.2 for a 4.5 kJ Mather type PFD. The results of simulations and calculations show that trapped ions in the negative potential of electrons, their movement toward the top of the anode and the drift motion due to electrical and magnetic fields near the top of the anode are the main causes of high energy electrons (ions) production and acceleration.
Spectral Legal Personality in Interwar International Law: On New Ways of Not Being a State
Authors: Wheatley Natasha 
Published: June 2017

That spirits and gods, devils and idols, should be endowed with legal rights and enjoyments is again a practice as common as it seems to be ancient.Perhaps you will go to the length of saying that much the most interesting person that you ever knew was persona ficta.In May 1926, the German Society for International Law discussed the foundational question of the subjects of international law. “Who can appear independently before international forums? only states? or also others, particularly individuals?” asked the speaker, Godehard Josef Ebers, a professor at the University of Cologne. The topic possessed a strange novelty. “In the nineteenth century one hardly even considered the problem,” Ebers noted incredulously. Now it appeared both neglected and pressing. The society's resolutions that year recognized that ever more non-state “factors”—including groups such as minorities as well as individuals—were emerging as the bearers of international rights and duties. The appearance of these new subjects suggested a transformation in the deep conceptual substructure (Grundauffassung) of international law, which had hitherto recognized states alone as international persons.
“The Law of the New Hebrides is the Protector of their Lawlessness”: Justice, Race and Colonial Rivalry in the Early Anglo-French Condominium
Authors: Stevens Kate 
Published: June 2017

[It] is not I who am on trial here today, but the Law of the New Hebrides.In 1906, Britain and France jointly annexed the New Hebrides. A y-shaped archipelago in the southwest Pacific Ocean, the New Hebrides—which became Vanuatu upon independence in 1980—comprised some eighty islands characterized by high levels of linguistic and cultural diversity. At the moment of annexation, there were also Presbyterian, Anglican, and Catholic missionaries and Euro-American planters and traders, who overlaid religious and national divisions onto the existing social and linguistics ones. Anglo-French rule under the New Hebrides Condominium added a hybrid legal system to this complex mix. During the colonial period, four distinct jurisdictions existed, indicative of the divided, rival nature of governance. These included joint Condominium law, British common law, French civil law, and from 1928, a native code and courts. The plurality and ambiguity of the legal system left ample space for critique and for alternative, extrajudicial justice, as this article explores.
What colour is penguin guano?
Authors: Rees W.G. , Brown J.A. , Fretwell P.T. , Trathan P.N. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe identification and quantification of Antarctic Pygoscelis penguin colonies depends increasingly on recognition of the characteristic optical properties of guano deposits, but almost all knowledge of these properties until now has been compromised by resolution and atmospheric propagation effects. Here we present hyperspectral reflectance data in the range 350–2500 nm, collected in situ from fresh guano deposits in Pygoscelis penguin colonies on Signy Island, South Orkney Islands. The period of data collection included the transition from predominantly white guano to the pink coloration characteristic of a krill-rich diet. The main identifiable features in the spectra are a broad absorption feature centred around 550 nm, responsible for the pink coloration and identified with the pigment astaxanthin, as well as several water absorption features. Variations in these features are responsible for differentiation between spectra. From these results we propose two spectral indices suitable for use with satellite data, one of which responds to the presence of astaxanthin in the guano and the other to water. Our results do not allow us to differentiate between penguin species from their guano, but do suggest that the breeding phenology of Pygoscelis penguins could be determined from a time series of multispectral imagery.
Self-regulation as a predictor of patterns of change in externalizing behaviors from infancy to adolescence
Authors: Perry Nicole B. , Calkins Susan D. , Dollar Jessica M. , Keane Susan P. , Shanahan Lilly 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe examined associations between specific self-regulatory mechanisms and externalizing behavior patterns from ages 2 to 15 (N = 443). The relation between multiple self-regulatory indicators across multiple domains (i.e., physiological, attentional, emotional, and behavioral) at age 2 and at age 5 and group membership in four distinct externalizing trajectories was examined. By examining each of these self-regulatory processes in combination with one another, and therefore accounting for their shared variance, we aimed to better understand which specific self-regulatory skills were associated most strongly with externalizing behavioral patterns. Findings suggest that behavioral inhibitory control and emotion regulation are particularly important in distinguishing between children who show normative declines in externalizing behaviors across early childhood and those who demonstrate high levels through adolescence.
Preliminary Evidence for an Association Between the Composition of the Gut Microbiome and Cognitive Function in Neurologically Healthy Older Adults
Authors: Manderino Lisa , Carroll Ian , Azcarate-Peril M. Andrea , Rochette Amber , Heinberg Leslie , Peat Christine , Steffen Kristine , Mitchell James , Gunstad John 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectives: Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is implicated in numerous human health conditions. Animal studies have linked microbiome disruption to changes in cognitive functioning, although no study has examined this possibility in neurologically healthy older adults. Methods: Participants were 43 community-dwelling older adults (50–85 years) that completed a brief cognitive test battery and provided stool samples for gut microbiome sequencing. Participants performing≥1 SD below normative performance on two or more tests were compared to persons with one or fewer impaired scores. Results: Mann Whitney U tests revealed different distributions of Bacteroidetes (p=.01), Firmicutes (p=.02), Proteobacteria (p=.04), and Verrucomicrobia (p=.003) between Intact and Impaired groups. These phyla were significantly correlated with cognitive test performances, particularly Verrucomicrobia and attention/executive function measures. Conclusions: The current findings suggest that composition of the gut microbiome is associated with cognitive test performance in neurologically healthy older adults. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore possible mechanisms. (JINS, 2017, 23, 700–705)
Types and prevalence of extended–spectrum beta–lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in poultry
Authors: Saliu Eva-Maria , Vahjen Wilfried , Zentek Jürgen 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFor several billion years, bacteria have developed mechanisms to resist antibacterial substances. In modern time, antibiotics are frequently used in veterinary and human medicine for prevention and treatment of diseases, globally still also for their growth promoting effects as feed additives. This complex situation has evolved in accelerating development and prevalence of multi-drug resistant bacteria in livestock and people. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria are resistant to a wide range of ß-lactam antibiotics. They are currently considered as one of the main threats for the treatment of infections in humans and animals. In livestock and animal products, poultry and poultry products show the highest prevalence of ESBL-producers with CTX-M-1, TEM-52 and SHV-12 being the most common ESBL-types in poultry. Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. are the bacteria in poultry, which carry ESBL-genes most frequently. ESBL-producing bacteria are present at every level of the poultry production pyramid and can be detected even in the meconium of newly hatched chicks. The environment close to poultry barns shows high prevalence rates of these bacteria and contributes to an ongoing infection pressure with further ESBL-types. Probiotics have been shown to successfully reduce ESBL-producers in chicken, as well as ESBL-gene transfer. Other feed additives, such as zinc and copper, increase the prevalence of ESBL-producing bacteria when fed to animals. To our best knowledge, this is the first publication presenting a comparative overview of the prevalence of ESBL-types using data from different countries. To reduce the hazard for public health from poultry carrying high numbers of ESBL-producers, preventive measurements must include the surrounding environment and avoidance of antibiotic usage at all levels of the production pyramid. The first results, of the research on the impact of feed additives on the spread of ESBL-genes, indicate the diet as a further, possible magnitude of influence.
Prospects for the Discovery of Black Hole Binaries without Mass Accretion with Gaia
Authors: Kawanaka Norita , Yamaguchi Masaki , Piran Tsvi , Bulik Tomasz 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe study the prospect for Gaia to detect black hole binary systems without the mass transfer from their companion stars. Gaia will be able to discover Galactic black holes without mass accretion by detecting the proper motion of their companion stars. We evaluate the number of such black hole binaries which have the orbital period short enough to be detected by Gaia during its operation, taking into account the binary evolution model.
A solution to unconstrained Einstein’s equations for a relativistic radiation sphere
Authors: Neslušan Luboš 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe describe an application of a solution to unconstrained Einstein’s field equations (Ni, 2011) as a qualitative model for a relativistic radiation sphere, an object that may resemble a quasar with an extended galactic-scale ‘corona’ that resembles behaviors explained by dark matter.
Investigating ultraluminous X-ray sources through their multiwavelength variability and broadband spectra
Authors: Zampieri Luca , Ambrosi Elena , Nayerhoda Amid 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe population of ultraluminous X-ray sources encompasses accreting compact objects with significantly different masses, from black holes of intermediate mass, to black holes of stellar origin, to neutron stars. Investigating these sources will help us answering crucial questions on the distribution of black hole masses and on mass accretion above the Eddington limit in the local Universe, that have potential implications in other astrophysical areas. In order to perform a detailed investigation of ultraluminous X-ray sources, an accurate modeling of their evolution and multiwavelength emission properties is needed. We report some preliminary results of the activities that we are carrying out at present in this area.
A pseudo-Newtonian description of any stationary space-time
Authors: Witzany Vojtěch , Lämmerzahl Claus 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSince the first investigations into accretion onto black holes, astrophysicists have proposed effective Newtonian-like potentials to mimic the strong-field behavior of matter near a Schwarzschild or Kerr black hole. On the other hand, the fields of neutron stars or black holes in many of the alternative gravity theories differ from the idealized Schwarzschild or Kerr field which would require a number of new potentials. To resolve this, we give a Newtonian-like Hamiltonian which almost perfectly mimics the behavior of test particles in any given stationary space-time. The properties of the Hamiltonian are excellent in static space-times such as the Schwarzschild black hole, but become worse for space-times with gravito-magnetic or dragging effects such as near the Kerr black hole.
Tidal disruption events from different kinds of astrophysical objects: a preliminary analysis
Authors: Clerici Aurora , Gomboc Andreja 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTidal disruption events are a powerful tool to study quiescent massive black holes residing in the centre of galaxies. Occasionally, astrophysical objects such as stars, planets and smaller bodies are captured and tidally disrupted by the massive black hole, giving rise to a luminous flare. A detailed study of disruption parameters and the emitted radiation can give important insights on the black hole and its surroundings.
Similarity and diversity of black holes - view from the Very High Energies
Authors: Lindfors Elina 
Published: June 2017

AbstractActive galactic nuclei, hosting supermassive black holes and launching relativistic jets, are the most numerous objects on the gamma-ray sky. At the other end of the mass scale, phenomena related to stellar mass black holes, in particular gamma-ray bursts and microquasars, are also seen on the gamma-ray sky. While all of them are thought to launch relativistic jets, the diversity even within each of these classes is enormous. In this review, I will discuss recent very high energy gamma-ray results that underline both the similarity of the black hole systems, as well as their diversity.