bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Microwave Sensing to Investigate Kernel Moisture Content at the Front and Back of Semitrailers during Peanut Drying
Authors: Lewis Micah A. , Trabelsi Samir , Nelson Stuart O. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Several factors influence the effectiveness of peanut drying. Such factors include temperature and relative humidity of the air used for aeration, air velocity through the peanuts, and the presence of foreign material that could obstruct air flow. All of these factors can vary at any location in a semitrailer holding 20 to 25 tons of peanuts being dried. Therefore, it is highly unlikely that a volume of peanuts &gt;71 m3 (2500 ft3) will dry uniformly. During the drying process, an operator removes samples of peanuts for kernel moisture content testing every 3 to 4 h to validate the estimated drying time determined by peanut-drying models used in the peanut industry. However, if samples are only taken from one location, it is likely that other locations differ in kernel moisture content. To investigate kernel moisture content near the front and back of the semitrailer, two peanut drying monitoring systems, each equipped with a microwave moisture sensor, were deployed at a peanut buying point in central Georgia during the 2014 and 2015 peanut harvest seasons. Each system monitored in-shell kernel moisture content and drying parameters in real-time, every 12 s. In-shell kernel moisture content was determined with a standard error of prediction of 0.55% moisture when compared to the reference oven-drying moisture tests. The two monitoring systems were placed in 13.7-m (45-ft) drying semitrailers, one 3 m (10 ft) from the front and the other 3 m (10 ft) from the back. Data from the measurements were time-stamped and reconciled accordingly, and they were analyzed to compare the moisture loss in real-time at both locations in the trailer. The 12-s resolution provided a continuous moisture profile to analyze rather than the discrete profile currently provided by sampling every few hours. Results show that moisture loss, and therefore resulting kernel moisture content, can vary from one end of the trailer to the other during peanut drying. Therefore, systems that monitor peanut drying at various locations throughout the semitrailer would improve peanut drying efficiency. Keywords: Dielectric properties, In-shell kernel moisture content, Microwave sensing, Peanut drying, Real-time monitoring, Sensors.
An Overhead Optical Yield Monitor for a Sugarcane Harvester Based on Two Optical Distance Sensors Mounted above the Loading Elevator
Authors: Price Randy R. , Johnson Richard M. , Viator Ryan P. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract. A yield monitor was constructed for a billet-type sugarcane harvester that uses two laser distance sensors mounted above the loading elevator to measure the height and length of the billet piles per slat. By using this method, a volume-to-mass relationship can be established for the weight flow of sugarcane through the combine for the measurement of yield. Testing of the system indicated that the cumulative billet pile length had the best relationship to harvested weight with a linear line relationship and coefficients of determinations ranging from 0.93 and 0.97. Estimated yields matched actual yields very well with a 0.99 slope and a coefficient of determination of 0.87 and yields were predicted to be within 7.3 metric tons/ha of actual values. Material height did not perform as well as material length and exhibited a power-type curve relationship to harvested weight with coefficients of determination ranging from 0.66 to 0.93, and estimated yields only matched actual yields with a coefficient of determination of 0.46. A third parameter, the product of material height to material length, also returned a power-type curve relationship to harvested weight with coefficients of determination ranging from 0.74 to 0.96 and yield comparisons for this parameter achieved a coefficient of determination of 0.74 which was better than the material height alone, but not as good as material length by itself. Statistical testing indicated that variances in material length were strongly correlated to material flow, but not to sugarcane variety, direction of cut, nor day of testing. Sample analysis indicated that the monitor can predict yields to within 2.2 metric tons/ha of actual values on 0.4 ha (or larger) precision farming blocks. Installation times were fast, easy, and can be performed in the field with little changes to the combine as the sensor bar merely clamps to the upper rails of the elevator. This yield monitoring system may provide yield monitoring in sugarcane on a per field basis that is easy-to-mount, non-contact, and robust from dirt and debris. Keywords: GPS, Harvesting, Precision agriculture, Sugarcane, Yield monitor.
X-Ray Detection of Fissures in Rough Rice Kernels
Authors: Odek Zephania R. , Prakash Bhagwati , Siebenmorgen Terry J. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract. X-ray imaging is a viable method of fissure detection in rough rice kernels owing to the ability of X-rays to penetrate hulls, thus allowing visualization of internal rice kernel structure. Traditional methods of fissure detection are only applicable for brown and milled rice, and therefore cannot be used to study fissures developed during rough rice drying. In this study, the fissure detection capability of an X-ray system was evaluated and the relationship between head rice yield (HRY), as measured through laboratory milling, and the percentage of fissured rough rice kernels was determined. Long-grain rice lots of various cultivars were dried using heated air at 60°C, 10% relative humidity (RH) for five drying durations to produce different degrees of fissuring, and then milled to determine HRY. A strong linear correlation (R2 = 0.95) between HRY and the percentage of fissured rough rice kernels after drying was determined. This correlation confirms the substantial impact that kernel fissures have on milling yields. Overall, these findings show the effectiveness of X-ray imaging in rough rice fissure detection, which could allow for drying research that may provide a better understanding of kernel fissuring kinetics. Keywords: Fissures, Grainscope, Head rice yield, Rice drying, X-ray imaging.
Systematic Review and Metaanalysis Comparing the Bias and Accuracy of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration Equations in Community-Based Populations
Authors: McFadden Emily C , Hirst Jennifer A , Verbakel Jan Y , McLellan Julie H , Hobbs F D Richard , Stevens Richard J , O'Callaghan Chris A , Lasserson Daniel S 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The majority of patients with chronic kidney disease are diagnosed and monitored in primary care. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a key marker of renal function, but direct measurement is invasive; in routine practice, equations are used for estimated GFR (eGFR) from serum creatinine. We systematically assessed bias and accuracy of commonly used eGFR equations in populations relevant to primary care.

CONTENT
MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies comparing measured GFR (mGFR) with eGFR in adult populations comparable to primary care and reporting both the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) and the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations based on standardized creatinine measurements. We pooled data on mean bias (difference between eGFR and mGFR) and on mean accuracy (proportion of eGFR within 30% of mGFR) using a random-effects inverse-variance weighted metaanalysis. We included 48 studies of 26875 patients that reported data on bias and/or accuracy. Metaanalysis of within-study comparisons in which both formulae were tested on the same patient cohorts using isotope dilution-mass spectrometry-traceable creatinine showed a lower mean bias in eGFR using CKD-EPI of 2.2 mL/min/1.73 m2 (95% CI, 1.1–3.2; 30 studies; I2 = 74.4%) and a higher mean accuracy of CKD-EPI of 2.7% (1.6–3.8; 47 studies; I2 = 55.5%). Metaregression showed that in both equations bias and accuracy favored the CKD-EPI equation at higher mGFR values.

SUMMARY
Both equations underestimated mGFR, but CKD-EPI gave more accurate estimates of GFR.
Launching Architecture Through the Image
Authors: Bohn Claus 
Published: October 2017

Contemporary architecture seems seduced by the image and has in many ways taken on the casual vanity of fashion and make-up. Yet the image can be a powerful source of imagination and suggestion and holds potentials for adressing aspects of the world, which seems hard to approach through other medias. Through phenomenological education–based research a workshop with architect students in Copenhagen in 2013 investigates these potentials. How can the image – here as the model photograph – become an active and intergrated tool in the architectural process – and in this case as the very launch pad for its creation?This paper describes the course of the workshop and the vivid dialogue the images initiated concerning the perceptual, embodied experience of an architecture to come. A dialogue on aspects of architecture often neglected but surprisingly spurring to the students personal architectural process and courisously accessible for broad and common debate. A personal dialogue made possible by the correlation of the senses and a common dialogue based on the fact, that we share vast common, cultural grounds making it possible to discuss the images and their possibilities – despite their personal and singular being.
On characterizations of sausages via inequalities and roots of Steiner polynomials
Authors: Yepes Nicolás Jesús 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We prove that sausages are the family of ‘extremal sets’ in relation to certain linear improvements of Minkowski’s first inequality when working with projection/sections assumptions. In particular they characterize the equality cases of the corresponding linear refinements of both the isoperimetric inequality and Urysohn’s inequality. We also characterize sausages by algebraic properties of the roots of Steiner polynomials, in which other functionals of convex bodies such as the inradius, the mean width or the diameter are involved.
Uniform Lie algebras and uniformly colored graphs
Authors: Payne Tracy L. , Schroeder Matthew 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Uniform Lie algebras are combinatorially defined two-step nilpotent Lie algebras which can be used to define Einstein solvmanifolds. These Einstein spaces often have nontrivial isotropy groups. We derive basic properties of uniform Lie algebras and we classify uniform Lie algebras with five or fewer generators. We define a type of directed colored graph called a uniformly colored graph and establish a correspondence between uniform Lie algebras and uniformly colored graphs. We present several methods of constructing infinite families of uniformly colored graphs and corresponding uniform Lie algebras.
An Instrumental Tool Held at Arm’s Length: English as a Vehicle of Cultural Imperialism in China
Authors: Simpson William 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe English language is seen by the Chinese as a tool of significant pragmatic value, both by the individual and the state. Discourse on English language education within China has, both historically and at present, pitted the pragmatic value of English against concerns of cultural and linguistic erosion and imposition. Concerns over the corrupting impact the English language may have on the Chinese language, and further on Chinese culture, uneasily coexist with an acceptance of the English language’s role as the key to modernization and economic development. Voices of past and present, have at their core a desire for the protection of a reified cultural identity or essence. However, cultural and linguistic influence has not merely been imposed upon China from external forces, but has been actively drawn in by domestic forces. Such domestic forces range from foreign language education policies that meet the demands of a globalized market-driven economy, to a market demand for English language media such as TV programs, movies and literature. Ultimately, the presence and significance of these domestic forces undermines a view of the English language as a vehicle of cultural imperialism in China.
Solving equations of length seven over torsion-free groups
Authors: Bibi Mairaj , Edjvet Martin 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Prishchepov [16] proved that all equations of length at most six over torsion-free groups are solvable.
A different proof was given by Ivanov and Klyachko in [12].
This supports the conjecture stated by Levin [15] that any equation over a torsion-free group is solvable.
Here it is shown that all equations of length seven over torsion-free groups are solvable.
Critical maximal subgroups and conjugacy of supplements in finite soluble groups
Authors: Baumeister Barbara , Kaplan Gil 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Let G be a finite group with an abelian normal subgroup N. When does N have a unique conjugacy class of complements in G? We consider this question with a focus on properties of maximal subgroups. As corollaries we obtain Theorems 1.6 and 1.7 which are closely related to a result by Parker and Rowley on supplements of a nilpotent normal subgroup [3, Theorem 1]. Furthermore, we consider families of maximal subgroups of G closed under conjugation whose intersection equals

Φ
⁢

(
G
)

{\Phi(G)}

. In particular, we characterize the soluble groups having a unique minimal family with this property (Theorem 2.3, Remark 2.4). In the case when

Φ
⁢

(
G
)

=
1

{\Phi(G)=1}

, these are exactly the soluble groups in which each abelian normal subgroup has a unique conjugacy class of complements.
Centralizers of Camina p-groups of nilpotence class 3
Authors: Lewis Mark L. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Let G be a Camina

p

\hskip-0.853583pt{p}

-group of nilpotence class 3. We prove that if

G
′

<

C
G

⁢

(

G
′

)

{G^{\prime}\hskip-0.853583pt<\hskip-0.853583ptC_{G}(G^{\prime})}

, then

|

G
3

|
≤
|

G
′

:

G
3

|

1
/
2

{|G_{3}|\leq|G^{\prime}:G_{3}|^{1/2}}

. We also prove that if

G
/

G
3

{G/G_{3}}

has only one or two abelian subgroups of order

|
G
:

G
′

|

{|G:G^{\prime}|}

, then

G
′

<

C
G

⁢

(

G
′

)

{G^{\prime}<C_{G}(G^{\prime})}

. If

G
/

G
3

{G/G_{3}}

has

p
a

+
1

{p^{a}+1}

abelian subgroups of order

|
G
:

G
′

|

{|G:G^{\prime}|}

, then either

G
′

<

C
G

⁢

(

G
′

)

{G^{\prime}<C_{G}(G^{\prime})}

or

|

Z
⁢

(
G
)

|

≤

p

2
⁢
a

{|Z(G)|\leq p^{2a}}

.
On groups with countably many maximal subgroups
Authors: Arikan Ahmet , Cutolo Giovanni , Robinson Derek J. S. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The object of this work is to find classes of groups which possess only countably many maximal subgroups. Modules with countably many maximal submodules and group rings having countably many maximal right ideals are also investigated. Examples of soluble groups with uncountably many maximal subgroups are described.
Prime localizations of Burger–Mozes-type groups
Authors: Tornier Stephan 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
This article concerns Burger–Mozes universal groups acting on regular trees locally like a given permutation group of finite degree. We also consider locally isomorphic generalizations of the former due to Le Boudec and Lederle. For a large class of such permutation groups and primes p we determine their local p-Sylow subgroups as well as subgroups of their p-localization, which is identified as a group of the same type in certain cases.
Marching schemes for Cauchy wave propagation problems in laterally varying waveguides
Authors: Li Peng , Liu Keying , Zhong Weizhou 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
This paper intends to develop practical marching schemes for Cauchy problems of
the Helmholtz equation in laterally varying waveguides. We arrive at a stable
representation of the marching solutions in waveguides. Based on the representation,
a second-order marching scheme is then constructed to eliminate the ill-conditioning
and compute the wave propagation in waveguides with laterally variable mediums.
In the end, extensive experiments are implemented to verify the efficiency and accuracy
of the marching scheme in various waveguides, and we also point out the application scope
of the scheme.
Full waveform inversion with sparse structure constrained regularization
Authors: Yan Zichao , Wang Yanfei 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Full waveform inversion is a large-scale nonlinear and ill-posed problem. We consider applying the regularization technique for full waveform inversion with structure constraints. The structure information was extracted with difference operators with respect to model parameters. And then we establish an

l
p

{l_{p}}

-

l
q

{l_{q}}

-norm constrained minimization model for different choices of parameters p and q. To solve this large-scale optimization problem, a fast gradient method with projection onto convex set and a multiscale inversion strategy are addressed. The regularization parameter is estimated adaptively with respect to the frequency range of the data. Numerical experiments on a layered model and a benchmark SEG/EAGE overthrust model are performed to testify the validity of this proposed regularization scheme.
Artificial Intelligence – the (un)desired revolution?
Authors: Fink-Hooijer Florika 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In the current context of budget constraints and English being more and more a lingua franca, all linguistic services have to reflect on strategies to secure their future. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a key element of this reflection. Whilst it is obvious that AI is an opportunity, many consider its spread as a possible threat for the interpreter’s profession. Despite impressive progress, AI is not a substitution for highly-skilled linguists who operate in sensitive contexts. Quality is not sufficient yet. Confidentiality is a challenge especially given the current increase in cyber criminality. Other aspects to take into consideration are equality of languages and of course the human factor.
Energy resources as the tools of foreign policy: the case of Russia
Authors: Česnakas Giedrius 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The article provides an explanation of how energy resources become instruments in Russia’s foreign policy towards countries-consumers at the same time indicating elements determining the efficiency of energy instruments to reach Russia’s foreign policy goals. The article argues that Russia expanded its state power in energy sector through direct and indirect mobilisation. There are two types of energy instruments - sway and compel. The effectiveness of energy instruments depends on barriers country-consumer has. Instruments may have positive targeted and foreseen as well untargeted and unforeseen negative consequences for Russia and countries-consumers in Post-Soviet space especially focusing on Belarus and Ukraine.
PXRF Determination of the Obsidian Industry from the S–F Area of Piani della Corona EBA Settlement (Bagnara Calabra–RC, South Italy)
Authors: Marino Sara , Natali Elena , Tykot Robert H. , Vianello Andrea 
Published: October 2017

AbstractArchaeological excavations in the S-F area of Piani della Corona settlement have affected a portion of 2200 m
Talking About the Non-Literal: Internal States and Explanations in Child-Constructed Narratives
Authors: Veneziano Edy 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNon-literal language most often permeates interesting and informative narratives. These are the non-perceptible, inferential aspects of a story, such as the explanation of events, the attribution of internal, particularly mental, states to the characters of the story, or the evaluation of events by the participants and/or the narrator. The main aim of this paper is to examine whether non-literal uses can be promoted in 7-year-old French-speaking children’s narratives through the use of a short conversational intervention (SCI) which focuses the children’s attention on the causes of events. The results show that, after the SCI, the expression of non-literal aspects, even higher-order ones, may make their appearance or significantly increase in children’s stories. The reasons for the effectiveness of the SCI in the promotion of non-literal uses of language and narrative skills in general, as well as the importance of using the SCI as an evaluative instrument, are discussed.
Servants in the Weight Room: Coaches Using Servant Leadership to Improve Student-Athlete Well-being
Authors: Schary David P. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
THE CURRENT STUDENT-ATHLETE EXPERIENCE IS DEMANDING; STUDENT-ATHLETES REGULARLY FACE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIOCULTURAL STRESSORS THAT NEGATIVELY AFFECT THEIR WELL-BEING. TO HELP IMPROVE STUDENT-ATHLETE WELL-BEING, THIS ARTICLE PROPOSES STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING COACHES ADOPT SERVANT LEADERSHIP PRINCIPLES. SERVANT LEADERS ARE STRONG AND SELF-ASSURED. THEY PRIORITIZE THE NEEDS OF OTHERS. THE ARTICLE BEGINS WITH A REVIEW OF WELL-BEING AND ITS RELATION TO SPORT. NEXT, SERVANT LEADERSHIP PRINCIPLES ARE INTRODUCED AS A WAY TO INCREASE STUDENT-ATHLETE WELL-BEING. THE ARTICLE CONCLUDES WITH 3 PRACTICAL STRATEGIES TO INCORPORATE SERVANT LEADERSHIP PRINCIPLES INTO STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING.
Trafficking of Kv2.1 Channels to the Axon Initial Segment by a Novel Nonconventional Secretory Pathway
Authors: Jensen Camilla Stampe , Watanabe Shoji , Stas Jeroen Ingrid , Klaphaak Jessica , Yamane Ayaka , Schmitt Nicole , Olesen Søren-Peter , Trimmer James S. , Rasmussen Hanne Borger , Misonou Hiroaki 
Published: October 2017

Kv2.1 is a major delayed-rectifier voltage-gated potassium channel widely expressed in neurons of the CNS. Kv2.1 localizes in high-density cell-surface clusters in the soma and proximal dendrites as well as in the axon initial segment (AIS). Given the crucial roles of both of these compartments in integrating signal input and then generating output, this localization of Kv2.1 is ideal for regulating the overall excitability of neurons. Here we used fluorescence recovery after photobleaching imaging, mutagenesis, and pharmacological interventions to investigate the molecular mechanisms that control the localization of Kv2.1 in these two different membrane compartments in cultured rat hippocampal neurons of mixed sex. Our data uncover a unique ability of Kv2.1 channels to use two molecularly distinct trafficking pathways to accomplish this. Somatodendritic Kv2.1 channels are targeted by the conventional secretory pathway, whereas axonal Kv2.1 channels are targeted by a nonconventional trafficking pathway independent of the Golgi apparatus. We further identified a new AIS trafficking motif in the C-terminus of Kv2.1, and show that putative phosphorylation sites in this region are critical for the restricted and clustered localization in the AIS. These results indicate that neurons can regulate the expression and clustering of Kv2.1 in different membrane domains independently by using two distinct localization mechanisms, which would allow neurons to precisely control local membrane excitability.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOur study uncovered a novel mechanism that targets the Kv2.1 voltage-gated potassium channel to two distinct trafficking pathways and two distinct subcellular destinations: the somatodendritic plasma membrane and that of the axon initial segment. We also identified a distinct motif, including putative phosphorylation sites, that is important for the AIS localization. This raises the possibility that the destination of a channel protein can be dynamically regulated via changes in post-translational modification, which would impact the excitability of specific membrane compartments.