bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexible foraging shapes the topology of plant–pollinator interaction networks
Authors: Spiesman Brian J. , Gratton Claudio 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn plant–pollinator networks, foraging choices by pollinators help form the connecting links between species. Flexible foraging should therefore play an important role in defining network topology. Factors such as morphological trait complementarity limit a pollinator's pool of potential floral resources, but which potential resource species are actually utilized at a location depends on local environmental and ecological context. Pollinators can be highly flexible foragers, but the effect of this flexibility on network topology remains unclear. To understand how flexible foraging affects network topology, we examined differences between sets of locally realized interactions and corresponding sets of potential interactions within 25 weighted plant–pollinator networks in two different regions of the United States. We examined two possible mechanisms for flexible foraging effects on realized networks: (1) preferential targeting of higher‐density plant resources, which should increase network nestedness, and (2) context‐dependent resource partitioning driven by interspecific competition, which should increase modularity and complementary specialization. We found that flexible foraging has strong effects on realized network topology. Realized connectance was much lower than connectance based on potential interactions, indicating a local narrowing of diet breadth. Moreover, the foraging choices pollinators made, which particular plant species to visit and at what rates, resulted in networks that were significantly less nested and significantly more modular and specialized than their corresponding networks of potential interactions. Preferentially foraging on locally abundant resources was not a strong driver of the realization of potential interactions. However, the degree of modularity and complementary specialization both increased with the number of competing pollinator species and with niche availability. We therefore conclude that flexible foraging affects realized network topology more strongly through resource partitioning than through focusing on high‐density resources.
Seasonal variation in the relative dominance of herbivore guilds in an African savanna
Authors: Davies Andrew B. , van Rensburg Berndt J. , Robertson Mark P. , Levick Shaun R. , Asner Gregory P. , Parr Catherine L. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAfrican savannas are highly seasonal with a diverse array of both mammalian and invertebrate herbivores, yet herbivory studies have focused almost exclusively on mammals. We conducted a 2‐yr exclosure experiment in South Africa's Kruger National Park to measure the relative impact of these two groups of herbivores on grass removal at both highly productive patches (termite mounds) and in the less productive savanna matrix. Invertebrate and mammalian herbivory was greater on termite mounds, but the relative importance of each group changed over time. Mammalian offtake was higher than invertebrates in the dry season, but can be eclipsed by invertebrates during the wet season when this group is more active. Our results demonstrate that invertebrates play a substantial role in savanna herbivory and should not be disregarded in attempts to understand the impacts of herbivory on ecosystems.
I have a DREAM...
Authors: Burgos Rosa 
Published: June 2016

La desnutrición relacionada con la enfermedad (DRE) es un problema sanitario de elevada índole que impacta fuertemente en la morbilidad, mortalidad y calidad de vida de los pacientes ancianos ingresados en el hospital. Además, incrementa enormemente el gasto sanitario, sobre todo a través del aumento de la estancia hospitalaria, incremento de las complicaciones y necesidad de centro de convalecencia u otros recursos sanitarios al alta hospitalaria. Conjuntamente con la osteoporosis y la sarcopenia, contribuye de forma directa a la discapacidad y a la pérdida de autonomía del anciano, con las repercusiones familiares y sociales que ello implica.
A Physics-Based Data-Driven Numerical Model for Reservoir History Matching and Prediction With a Field Application
Authors: Zhao Hui , Kang Zhijiang , Zhang Xiansong , Sun Haitao , Cao Lin , Reynolds Albert C. 
Published: June 2016

Summary
We derive and implement an interwell-numerical-simulation model (INSIM), which can be used as a calculation tool to approximate the performance of a reservoir under waterflooding. In INSIM, the reservoir is characterized as a coarse model consisting of a number of interwell control units, where each unit has two specific parameters: transmissibility and control pore volume (PV). By solving the mass-material-balance and front-tracking equations for the control units, the interwell fluid rates and saturations are obtained so that phase-producing rates can be predicted. The ability of INSIM to predict water cut and phase rates is the most important innovation included in INSIM. INSIM is applied to perform history matching and to infer the interwell connectivity and geological characteristics. INSIM has a number of advantages. First, the model parameters estimated from history matching provide a relative characterization of interwell-formation properties. The model can handle changes in the flow directions caused by changing well rates, including shutting in wells or converting producers to injectors, whereas with the common correlation-based interwell-connectivity method, the well interactions are assumed to be fixed. Second, the previous methods, which have similar computational complexity to INSIM, can only provide the total liquid-production rate, whereas with our procedure, we can calculate the oil- and water-flow rates and hence history match water-cut data. Third, because we can calculate the oil- and water-flow rates, our method can be used for waterflooding optimization but with far-less computational effort than with the traditional method by use of a reservoir simulator.
Produção de conhecimento sobre políticas para formação e carreira docentes no Brasil
Authors: Bello Isabel Melero , Penna Marieta Gouvêa de Oliveira , Silva Mirna Ribeiro Lima da 
Published: June 2016

O artigo analisa a produção acadêmica sobre políticas para a formação e carreira docentes em resumos de teses e dissertações da área de educação defendidas no período 2000 2010 no Brasil. O mapeamento permitiu caracterizar esses trabalhos quanto ao ano de defesa, nível do curso, orientadores, linhas de pesquisa, tópicos pesquisados, referenciais teóricos utilizados e instituições de origem, permitindo compreender como está se configurando o campo. Considera-se que houve ampliação de estudos sobre o tema no período, mas também dispersão dos trabalhos entre diferentes Linhas de Pesquisa e orientadores.
Clinical Profile of Children with Acute Febrile Encephalopathy in a Tertiary Health Care Center of Nepal
Authors: Sharma Poonam , Sarmah BK , Kayastha Pawana , Shrestha Asim , Tiwari Damodar 
Published: June 2016

Background: Acute febrile encephalopathy is a common and severe neurological syndrome that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in children. The etiologies differ according to geographical regions and appropriate and efficient protocols for investigations and management requires proper understanding of various potential etiologies.Methods: In this prospective observational study, 54 children of one month to 14 years presenting to the hospital with acute onset of fever with altered sensorium were clinically evaluated and investigated. Clinical examinations included temperature, pulse rate, heart rate, blood pressure, coma severity by GCS, respiratory pattern and detail systemic and CNS examination. Etiology of acute febrile encephalopathy was based on clinical history, examination and relevant laboratory investigations.Results: The incidence of acute febrile encephalopathy was 5.5% of the total hospital admissions. There were 35(64.8%) boys and 19(35.2%) girls. The maximum number of children 24(44.4%) were between one to five years of age. The most common presenting complains besides fever and altered sensorium were seizures and vomiting which was present in 59.3% and 46.3% of children respectively. Signs of meningeal irritation, hypertonia, brisk deep tendon reflexes and extensor plantar response was present in 50%, 24%, 29.6%, and 44.4% respectively. The diagnosis based on clinical findings and laboratory investigations were viral encephalitis 34(63%), bacterial meningitis 12(22.2%), cerebral malaria 4(7.4), enteric encephalopathy 3(5.6%) and hepatic encephalopathy 1(1.9%).Conclusion: Viral encephalitis and bacterial meningitis are the most common cause of acute febrile encephalopathy. Preventive strategies can be done to decrease the incidence.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(3):224-230
Morbidities and Mortalities among Infant of Diabetic Mother in a Newly Established Scabu of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Mohammad Nazrul , Tazmin Tanha , Siddika Mohosina , Bhuiyan Mohammod Kamruj Jaman 
Published: June 2016

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus has long been associated with perinatal morbidity and mortality. It complicates 2% to 3% of all pregnancies; 90% of these cases present with gestational diabetes mellitus. In our population Gestational diabetes mellitus develops among 6.7% of all pregnancies. Macrosomia (28%), hypocalcaemia (22%), hyperbillirubinaemia (19%), polycythemia (34%), perinatal asphyxia, birth injury and congenital anomaly (6-9%) are the complications of infant of diabetic mother (IDM).Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was done in the newly established Special Care Neonatal Unit (SCANU) to determine the morbidities and mortalities among IDM babies admitted in to Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Bangladesh from January to March 2015. A total 50 IDM patients who admitted during this period were recruited in the study irrespective of their gestational age, birth weight, pattern and duration of maternal diabetes.Results: Male and female patients were 29 (58%) and 21 (42%). Caesarian and vaginal delivery were 43 and seven cases. Gestational and pre-gestational diabetes mothers were 35 (70%) and 15 (30%) respectively. The important morbidities in order of frequency were found perinatal asphyxia (50%), macrosomia (48%), neonatal jaundice (44%), hypoglycaemia (40%), hypocalcaemia (36%), polycythemia (28%), CHD (20%), neonatal sepsis (20%), birth trauma (12%), TTN (6%), RDS (6%), GIT problem (2%) respectively. Mortality was recorded in three patients. Conclusion: Our observations show the high prevalence of IDM (24/1000 live birth) and their various complications. Mortality and morbidity is a bit higher in IDM. Our health policy maker should give adequate emphasis on management of IDM babies.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(3):253-256
Complex Spinal Dysraphism Complicated by Intramedullary Dermoid
Authors: Sedain Gopal , Sharma Mohan Raj , Shilpakar Sushil Krishna 
Published: June 2016

Spinal dysraphism presents in myriad ways. Meningomyeloceles presenting with Split cord malformations are termed as complex dysraphisms. We encountered a child with myelomeningocele and a split cord with intramedullary lesion making it a more complex dysraphism.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2015;35(3):277-279
Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2016
Authors: Miller Kimberly D. , Siegel Rebecca L. , Lin Chun Chieh , Mariotto Angela B. , Kramer Joan L. , Rowland Julia H. , Stein Kevin D. , Alteri Rick , Jemal Ahmedin 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe number of cancer survivors continues to increase because of both advances in early detection and treatment and the aging and growth of the population. For the public health community to better serve these survivors, the American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute collaborate to estimate the number of current and future cancer survivors using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registries. In addition, current treatment patterns for the most prevalent cancer types are presented based on information in the National Cancer Data Base and treatment‐related side effects are briefly described. More than 15.5 million Americans with a history of cancer were alive on January 1, 2016, and this number is projected to reach more than 20 million by January 1, 2026. The 3 most prevalent cancers are prostate (3,306,760), colon and rectum (724,690), and melanoma (614,460) among males and breast (3,560,570), uterine corpus (757,190), and colon and rectum (727,350) among females. More than one‐half (56%) of survivors were diagnosed within the past 10 years, and almost one‐half (47%) are aged 70 years or older. People with a history of cancer have unique medical and psychosocial needs that require proactive assessment and management by primary care providers. Although there are a growing number of tools that can assist patients, caregivers, and clinicians in navigating the various phases of cancer survivorship, further evidence‐based resources are needed to optimize care. CA Cancer J Clin 2016;66:271‐289. © 2016 American Cancer Society
L’arrivée de Caton le Jeune à Antioche
Authors: Ernst Paul 
Published: June 2016

L’arrivée de Caton le Jeune à Antioche, au cours d’un voyage en Méditerranée orientale, a été rapportée à la fois par Plutarque et Julien. Caton se serait mépris sur des honneurs qu’il pensait lui être destinés. Analysant minutieusement les textes de ces deux auteurs, mais aussi la transmission de l’anecdote, le présent article cherche à souligner la complexité des interactions entre des discours,
dont plusieurs concourent à faire de Caton un modèle, une pratique culturelle
grecque (l’apantèsis), et les représentations de Caton, de ses biographes et de Julien, ainsi que de leurs lecteurs.
La céramique carolingienne du Xe siècle- de Saint-Omer
Authors: Routier Jean-Claude 
Published: June 2016

Jean-Claude Routier, Xth Century Carlovingian Pottery in Saint-Omer.
Three sites excavated in Saint-Omer (Quai des Salines, former Albret barracks and Foch barracks) enabled us to gather a trove of potteries whose dating, thanks to dendrochronology, stretches from the second half of the Xth century onward. The study of the pastes allows to identify three productions : a first set in grey and black turned paste, a second in light paste with patterns painted from bright red to brownish marroon, a third in thick moulded paste with a shell-based scour. It is a home production, for culinary use (cooking pots, cauldrons, boiling pots), for storing too (globular pots called « oules »), less often for table use (tumblers, jugs). The quality of the painted pottery makes it akin to the Pingsdorf production, and doesn't preclude imitation. There must be noted too the presence of some painted containers, accidentally of the stoneware type. The post- Carlovingian pottery of Saint-Omer is contemporary of the Brouckerque pottery set whose datation, thanks to a I4C analysis of the hearth, goes back to the last quarter of the Xth century.
Comparaison pollinique entre les nécropoles de l'âge du bronze de Waben, Le Sémaphore et Conchil-le-Temple, La Frénésie (Pas-de-Calais)
Authors: Munaut André-Valentin , Féray Philippe , Piningre Jean-François 
Published: June 2016

André- Valentin Munaut, Philippe Feray et Jean-François Piningre, Vergelijking van het pollenspectrum tussen de bronstijd grafveldende van Waben le « Sémaphore » en Conchil-le-Temple « la Frénésie » (Pas-de-Calais).
In een tussentijd van 20 jaar werden twee reeksen polle- nanalyses uitgevoerd op twee grafvelden uit de Bronstijd, de ene in Conchil-le-Temple « la Frénésie » : opgraving J.-F. Piningre (1978-1979), de andere te Waben « le Sémaphore » : opgraving P. Feray (1997). Op een afstand van amper 2 km, deze sites bevinden zich op een substraat van kiezelzand (pleistocene kustgordel) die zich uitstrekt tussen de picardische maritieme vlakte en de kreitplateaus uit het jurassiek tijdperk. Het archeologisch materiaal en de negen C14- dateringen plaatsen de sites op de overgang van de vroege en midden Bronstijd en de overgang van de late Bronstijd naar de Hallstat période. Vanaf de vroege Bronstijd blijkt deze zone al ontbost te zijn en bedekt met weinig uitgebreid maar begraasd weiland die enkel struikjes toelaat met gemakkelijke nakomelingen {Betula : berk, Corylus : hazelaar, Pinus : den) onder de vorm van bosjes of hagen. Graangewasssen en andere planten typisch voor agrikultuur zijn zeldzaam en veronderstellen dat de woon- plaatsen verderafgelegen zijn. Enkel de lindeboom, aanwe- zig te Waben en in mindere mate in Conchil-le-Temple, wijst op een eventueel tijdsverschil, Conchil-le-Temple iets later dan Waben ofwel op een latere ontbossing.
Une déesse et un prêtre. Deux statuettes en bronze d'époque gallo-romaine découvertes à Bavay (Nord)
Authors: Loridant Frédéric 
Published: June 2016

Les fouilles préalables à l'aménagement de forum de Bavay ont permis d'explorer un dépotoir daté du second quart du Ve s. ap. J.-C. qui comblait en partie l'aile sud des cryptoportiques. A cette occasion, un important matériel a été mis au jour dont deux statuettes en bronze plein représentant une Minerve et un prêtre.
La statuette de Minerve est relativement bien conservée, la lance serrée dans la main gauche manque et la patère, tenue par l'autre main, est incomplète. Des parallèles stylistiques autorisent à la dater de la fin du Ier s. ou du début du 11e s. et d'en attribuer la fabrication à un atelier de l'Est de la Gaule. L'autre statuette est brisée à la hauteur des hanches et les deux avant-bras manquent. C'est un personnage masculin revêtu d'une lourde toge. Il appartient au type du prêtre à la toge qui est assez fréquent en Occident romain. Il est rapproché d'une série de statuettes datées de l'époque de Trajan.
Ces statuettes devaient sans doute avoir leur place dans un laraire domestique et témoignent de l'adoption à Bavay de l'iconographie religieuse impériale.
Plurality and distributivity in Yaeyaman wh-questions
Authors: Davis Christopher Michael 
Published: June 2016

In Yaeyaman, a critically endangered Japonic language of the Southern Ryukyus, there is a distinction made between singular and plural wh-questions, with plurality indicated by reduplication of the indeterminate (wh) pronoun. I argue that reduplication of the indeterminate is triggered by a morpheme RED that requires the presence of non-atoms in the set of Hamblin alternatives denoted by its sister. When attached directly to an indeterminate pronoun, RED requires the presence of non-atomic, plural entities. I then show that reduplicated indeterminate subjects can be interpreted distributively in pair-list answers, while reduplicated indeterminate objects cannot. After showing that the distributive reading of the subject indeterminate cannot be modeled straightforwardly using a distributivizing operator attached to the VP, I suggest that it reflects morphological agreement between the subject indeterminate and a clause-level RED morpheme, which requires the existence of plural answers in the set of alternative propositions denoted by the question. The semantics of clause-level RED requires a distinction between atomic and plural answers that parallels the distinction between atomic and plural entities. I also compare the Yaeyaman data with reduplication in Korean questions, showing that the semantics of RED differs between the two languages. Keywords: plurality, distributivity, indeterminates, wh-questions, pair-list answers, redupli- cation, Ryukyuan, Yaeyaman, Korean
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE COMPANION μ HER
Authors: Roberts Jr. Lewis C. , Mason Brian D. , Aguilar Jonathan , Carson Joseph , Crepp Justin , Beichman Charles , Brenner Douglas , Burruss Rick , Cady Eric , Luszcz-Cook Statia , Dekany Richard , Hillenbrand Lynne , Hinkley Sasha , King David , Lockhart Thomas G. , Nilsson Ricky , Oppenheimer Rebecca , Parry Ian R. , Pueyo Laurent , Rice Emily L. , Sivaramakrishnan Anand , Soummer Rémi , Vasisht Gautam , Veicht Aaron , Wang Ji , Zhai Chengxing , Zimmerman Neil T. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

μ Her is a nearby quadruple system with a G-subgiant primary and several low-mass companions arranged in a 2+2 architecture. While the BC components have been well characterized, the Ab component has been detected astrometrically and with direct imaging but there has been some confusion over its nature, in particular, whether the companion is stellar or substellar. Using near-infrared spectroscopy, we are able to estimate the spectral type of the companion as an M4±1V star. In addition, we have measured the astrometry of the system for over a decade. We combined the astrometry with archival radial velocity measurements to compute an orbit of the system. From the combined orbit, we are able to compute the mass sum of the system. Using the estimated mass of the primary, we estimate the mass of the secondary as 0.32

M

⊙

, which agrees with the estimated spectral type. Our computed orbit is preliminary due to the incomplete orbital phase coverage, but it should be sufficient to predict ephemerides over the next decade.
DISCOVERY OF AN X-RAY-EMITTING CONTACT BINARY SYSTEM 2MASS J11201034−2201340
Authors: Hu Chin-Ping , Yang Ting-Chang , Chou Yi , Liu L. , Qian S.-B. , Hui C. Y. , Kong Albert K. H. , Lin L. C. C. , Tam P. H. T. , Li K. L. , Ngeow Chow-Choong , Chen W. P. , Ip Wing-Huen 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
We report the detection of orbital modulation, a model solution, and the X-ray properties of a newly discovered contact binary, Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) J11201034−2201340. We serendipitously found this X-ray point source outside the error ellipse when searching for possible X-ray counterparts of γ-ray millisecond pulsars among the unidentified objects detected by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. The optical counterpart of the X-ray source (unrelated to the γ-ray source) was then identified using archival databases. The long-term Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey detected a precise signal with a period of

P
=
0.28876208
(
56
)

days. A follow-up observation made by the Super Light Telescope of Lulin Observatory revealed the binary nature of the object. Utilizing archived photometric data of multi-band surveys, we construct the spectral energy distribution (SED), which is well fit by a K2V spectral template. The fitting result of the orbital profile using the Wilson–Devinney code suggests that 2MASS J11201034-2201340 is a short-period A-type contact binary and the more massive component has a cool spot. The X-ray emission was first noted in observations made by Swift, and then further confirmed and characterized by an XMM-Newton observation. The X-ray spectrum can be described by a power law or thermal Bremsstrahlung. Unfortunately, we could not observe significant X-ray orbital modulation. Finally, according to the SED, this system is estimated to be 690 pc from Earth with a calculated X-ray intensity of

(
0.7
−
1.5
)
×

10

30

erg s−1, which is in the expected range of an X-ray emitting contact binary.