bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Set‐theoretic analysis of the isolated ramp metering problem
Authors: Luspay T. , Kulcsár B. , Péni T. 
Published: November 2015

SummaryAnalysis of ramp metering, as an effective freeway traffic control solution, is focused in the paper. The studied traffic control problem is discussed in a set‐theoretic context in order to quantitatively characterize its effectivenes. The notions of maximal robust controlled invariant set, as well as t‐step robust controllable set are defined and used for analyzing the ramp metering problem independently of the control policy applied. Algorithms are developed to compute these sets, with special attention to their practical interpretations. Numerical examples with graphical representation of the proposed methodology are given to examine local ramp metering and conclude implications to control strategies. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Οὐκ ἂν δυναίμην: A Euripidean Novelty
Authors: Papachrysostomou Athina 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis article studies a Euripidean innovation: the introduction into tragic language and the subsequent (selective) usage of the expression oὐκ ἂν δυναίμην by Euripides. This negative potential optative appears sixteen times within the surviving Euripidean corpus, as a stereotypical syntactic structure that is intertwined with dramatic content and meaning. But, surprisingly, this expression is absent from Aeschylus, Sophocles, and all other tragedians. Through close reading of the sixteen Euripidean cases, the article traces and defines the conspicuous context of this expression: oὐκ ἂν δυναίμην is uttered by high-status individuals (for example, members of a royal family), when they envisage the impossible/unattainable in present and future within an intensely emotional atmosphere (ranging from hatred and loathing to agonising grief and despair), during pivotal moments of the play. Metrical convenience is also served, as the expression covers the first five elements of the iambic trimeter.
The Impacts and Implications of CERCLA on the Soil Environmental Conservation Act of the Republic of Korea
Authors: Yoon Yonghee 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis article explores the development and enforcement of the Republic of Korea’s Soil Environmental Conservation Act (SECA). It argues that, although Korea has adopted the statutory model of the United States (US) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) and US case law, it has formulated SECA to devise a Korean model of an effective and reasonable liability scheme based on the Korean regulatory context. The original SECA, especially its retroactive liability provision, was declared unconstitutional by the Constitutional Court of Korea, because it violated ‘the principle of legitimate expectations protection’. Since then, SECA has been amended to include more diverse categories of polluter and to provide more adequate defences. The development process of this Korean model can be instructive for less developed countries that urgently need to address soil pollution but are not yet equipped with the necessary environmental statutes and regulatory infrastructure and, thus, are vulnerable to environmental risks.
VLUIS, a land use data product for Victoria, Australia, covering 2006 to 2013
Authors: Morse-McNabb Elizabeth , Sheffield Kathryn , Clark Rob , Lewis Hayden , Robson Susan , Cherry Don , Williams Steve 
Published: November 2015

AbstractLand Use Information is a key dataset required to enable an understanding of the changing nature of our landscapes and the associated influences on natural resources and regional communities. The Victorian Land Use Information System (VLUIS) data product has been created within the State Government of Victoria to support land use assessments. The project began in 2007 using stakeholder engagement to establish product requirements such as format, classification, frequency and spatial resolution. Its genesis is significantly different to traditional methods, incorporating data from a range of jurisdictions to develop land use information designed for regular on-going creation and consistency. Covering the entire landmass of Victoria, the dataset separately describes land tenure, land use and land cover. These variables are co-registered to a common spatial base (cadastral parcels) across the state for the period 2006 to 2013; biennially for land tenure and land use, and annually for land cover. Data is produced as a spatial GIS feature class.
Female genetic distribution bias in mitochondrial genome observed in Parkinson’s Disease patients in northern China
Authors: Chu Qiaohong , Luo Xiaoguang , Zhan Xiaoni , Ren Yan , Pang Hao 
Published: November 2015

AbstractGenetic polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been described in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). To explore the potential contribution of mtDNA mutations to the risk of PD in a Chinese population, we examined the linkage relationship between several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes in mtDNA and PD. We genotyped 5 SNPs located on coding genes using PCR-RFLP analysis. A specific allele 10398G demonstrated an increased risk of PD (OR 1.30; 95% CI 0.95–1.76; P = 0.013). After stratification by gender, the increased risk appeared to be more significant in females (OR 1.91; 95% CI 1.16–3.16; P = 0.001). But the significance only appeared in females under Bonferroni correction. No significant differences were detected for other SNPs (T4336C, G5460A, G9055A and G13708A). Individual haplotype composed of 4336T-5460G-9055G-10398A-13708G was found to be associated with protective effect regarding PD (P = 0.0025). The haplotypes 4336T-5460G-9055G-10398G-13708G and 4336T-5460G-9055G-10398A-13708G were more significantly associated in females (P = 0.0036 for risk and P = 0.0006 for protective effects). These data suggest that the A10398G and two haplotypes coupled with 10398A or 10398G are closely associated with susceptibility to PD in a northern Chinese population. This association demonstrated a female genetic distribution bias.
Electromagnetic field redistribution induced selective plasmon driven surface catalysis in metal nanowire-film systems
Authors: Pan Liang , Huang Yingzhou , Yang Yanna , Xiong Wen , Chen Guo , Su Xun , Wei Hua , Wang Shuxia , Wen Weijia 
Published: November 2015

AbstractFor the novel interpretation of Raman spectrum from molecule at metal surface, the plasmon driven surface catalysis (PDSC) reactions have become an interesting topic in the research field of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). In this work, the selective PDSC reactions of p,p’-dimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB) produced from para-aminothiophenol (PATP) or 4-nitrobenzenethiol (4NBT) were demonstrated in the Ag nanowires dimer-Au film systems. The different SERS spectra collected at individual part and adjacent part of the same nanowire-film system pointed out the importance of the electromagnetic field redistribution induced by image charge on film in this selective surface catalysis, which was confirmed by the simulated electromagnetic simulated electro- magnetic field distributions. Our result indicated this electromagnetic field redistribution induced selective surface catalysis was largely affected by the polarization and wavelength of incident light but slightly by the difference in diameters between two nanowires. Our work provides a further understanding of PDSC reaction in metal nanostructure and could be a deep support for the researches on surface catalysis and surface analysis.
Size confinement of Si nanocrystals in multinanolayer structures
Authors: Limpens Rens , Lesage Arnon , Fujii Minoru , Gregorkiewicz Tom 
Published: November 2015

AbstractSi nanocrystals (NCs) are often prepared by thermal annealing of multiple stacks of alternating sub-stoichiometric SiOx and SiO2 nanolayers. It is frequently claimed that in these structures, the NC diameter can be predefined by the thickness of the SiOx layer, while the NC concentration is independently controlled by the stoichiometry parameter x. However, several detailed structural investigations report that the NC size confinement to within the thickness of the SiOx layer is not strictly obeyed. In this study we address these contradicting findings: based on cross-correlation between structural and optical characterization of NCs grown in a series of purposefully prepared samples of different stoichiometry and layer thickness, we develop a comprehensive understanding of NC formation by Si precipitation in multinanolayer structures. We argue that the narrow NC size distribution generally observed in these materials appears due to reduction of the Si diffusion range, imposed by the SiO2 spacer layer. Therefore, both the SiOx layer thickness and composition as well as the actual thickness of the SiO2 spacer play an essential role in the NC formation.
PSD-95 family MAGUKs are essential for anchoring AMPA and NMDA receptor complexes at the postsynaptic density
Authors: Chen Xiaobing , Levy Jonathan M. , Hou Austin , Winters Christine , Azzam Rita , Sousa Alioscka A. , Leapman Richard D. , Nicoll Roger A. , Reese Thomas S. 
Published: November 2015

Significance
The postsynaptic density (PSD) at the glutamatergic excitatory synapse is a macromolecular machine that underlies synaptic transmission and information storage. Membrane-associated guanylate kinases (MAGUKs), the major scaffolding proteins at the PSD, are positively correlated with synaptic maturation and strength, but how MAGUKs sustain the strength of synaptic transmission remains unclear. Here, we remove three MAGUK proteins from neurons and find significant reductions in synaptic transmission by AMPARs and NMDARs with a concomitant reduction in PSD sizes and core scaffold and transmembrane structures. Our results show how MAGUKs anchor and organize both types of glutamate receptors, thereby regulating the strength of excitatory synapses.
Measuring the Impact of Longitudinal Faculty Development: A Study of Academic Achievement
Authors: Newman Lori R. , Pelletier Stephen R. , Lown Beth A. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
Although faculty development programs in medical education have increased over the past two decades, there is a lack of rigorous program evaluation. The aim of this study was to determine quantifiable outcomes of Harvard Medical School’s (HMS’s) Fellowship in Medical Education and evaluate attainment of its goals.

Method
In 2005 and 2009 the authors collected curricula vitae (CVs) and conducted within-subject analysis of 42 fellowship graduates and also conducted comparison analysis between 12 academic year 2005 fellows and 12 faculty who did not participate in the program. The authors identified 10 metrics of academic advancement. CV analysis for the 42 graduates started 2 years prior to fellowship enrollment and continued for 2-year intervals until June 2009 (10 years of data collection). CV analysis for the comparison group was from 2003 to 2009. The authors also analyzed association between gender and academic outcomes.

Results
Fellowship graduates demonstrated significant changes in 4 of 10 academic metrics by the end of the fellowship year: academic promotion, educational leadership, education committees, and education funding. Two metrics—educational leadership and committees—showed increased outcomes two years post fellowship, with a positive trend for promotions. Fellowship graduates significantly outpaced the comparison group in 6 of 10 metrics. Women did significantly more committee work, secured more education funding, and were promoted more often than men.

Conclusions
Findings indicate that the HMS Fellowship in Medical Education meets programmatic goals and produces positive, measurable academic outcomes. Standardized evaluation metrics of longitudinal faculty development programs would aid cross-institutional comparisons.
Leadership insights from the top: exploring leadership through the narratives of CEOs in India
Authors: Tripathi Smita , Prabhakar Guru Prakash , Liddle Joyce 
Published: November 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to highlight the corporate and non-corporate leadership practices in India, the effect of culture on such practices and how these drive management philosophies.Design/methodology/approach– Semi-structured interviews were conducted with CEOs from India. A key finding was that Indian leadership shares some aspects of global leadership traits, but factors such as culture and religion are significant influences on their leadership style and philosophy.Findings– The findings are helpful to both practitioners and policy makers seeking to understand the leadership style of Indian CEOs.Originality/value– Many qualities of a good leader, as defined by Indian CEOs were derived from the Hindu mythology (Bhagvad Gita,Mahabharata,Ramayanaand the fourVedas).
Structural analysis of a cross car beam using finite element models
Authors: Pinto André F. B. P. , Tavares S.M.O. , César de Sá José M. A. , de Castro P.M.S.T. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to use PAM-CRASH, a finite element analysis solver, to assess the performance of a mass production vehicle cross car beam (CCB) under an overlap frontal crash scenario (crashworthiness). Simulation results were reviewed according to what is plausible to register regarding some critical points displacements and, moreover, to identify its stress concentrations zones. Furthermore, it was also computed the CCB modal analysis (noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) assessment) in order to examine if its natural modes are within with the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) design targets.

Design/methodology/approach
– The available data at the beginning of the present study consisted of the structure CAD file and performance requirements stated by the OEM for NVH. No technical information was available concerning crashworthiness. Taking into account these limitations, it was decided to adapt the requirements for other mass production cars of the same category, as regards dynamic loading. A dynamic explicit code finite element analysis was performed throughout the CCB structure simulating the 120e−3 s crash event. For the modal analysis, there were some necessary modifications to the explicit finite element model in order to perform the analysis in implicit code. In addition, the car body in white stiffness was assigned at the boundaries. These stiffness values are withdrawn from the points where the CCB is attached to the car body’s sheet metal components.

Findings
– Although the unavailability of published results for this particular CCB model prevents a comparison of the present results, the trends and order of magnitude of the crash simulation results are within the expectations for this type of product. Concerning modal analysis, the steering column first natural frequency has a percent deviation from the design lower bound value of 5.09 percent when local body stiffness is considered and of 1.94 percent with fixed boundary conditions. The other requirement of the NVH assessment regarding a 5 Hz minimum interval between first vehicle CCB mode and the first mode of the steering column was indeed achieved with both boundary configurations.

Originality/value
– This study is a further confirmation of the interest of numerical modeling as a first step before actual experimental testing, saving time and money in an automotive industry that has seen an enormous increase of the demand for new car models in the last decade.
Evaluation of semi-ellipsoidal wall thinning on back surface of plate by direct-current potential difference method
Authors: Tada Naoya , Nohara Manabu 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– Local wall thinning is one of serious problems in aged power generating plants. As the thinning grows inside the pipes, it is difficult to detect and evaluate it from the outer surface of pipe. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the method of semi-ellipsoidal wall thinning geometry on the back surface of flat plate by direct-current potential difference method (DC-PDM) was proposed as a preliminary research for the pipe wall thinning evaluation. The evaluation was performed for the potential difference numerically obtained by finite element method and the results were discussed.

Design/methodology/approach
– A number of electric field analyses are necessary to evaluate the geometry of local wall thinning. In this study, defect-current modification method (DCMM), which is very fast analysis method based on the formulated solution for the similar thinning geometry, was used. The DCMM enabled the repeated electric field analyses necessary for the evaluation.

Findings
– The potential difference on the front surface of plate was higher than the other part because of the electric current disturbance by a wall thinning on the back surface. In addition, the distribution depended on the geometry of the wall thinning. In this study, the shape of the thinning was assumed to be ellipsoid, and the width, depth, and length of the thinning were successfully evaluated based on the potential difference distribution on the front surface.

Originality/value
– Evaluation of local wall thinning geometry was carried out by repeated analyses using DCMM, and the results were successful. This fact suggests that the evaluation of local wall thinning is possible by DC-PDM. The proposed method is going to be extended to the local wall thinning on the inner surface of pipe by geometrical conversion.
Fund Volatility Index using equity market state prices
Authors: O'Neill Michael J. , Liu Zhangxin 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe Fund Volatility Index (FVX) is proposed as a forward measure of volatility with applications in fund hedging and risk management. The method applies equity market state prices to individual fund pay‐offs. FVX is validated as a predictor of short‐term realised volatility for 30 exchange traded funds. Performance of the method is compared with existing methods using a data set of 14 925 non‐traded funds. FVX has lower bias and higher forecast accuracy than existing methods. As a more general measure, it allows for incorporation of terms to capture individual fund skewness and projection of higher moments of returns.
Predictive Power of f99 Repolarization Index for the Occurrence of Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: Giuliani Corrado , Swenne Cees A. , Man Sumche , Agostinelli Angela , Fioretti Sandro , Di Nardo Francesco , Burattini Laura 
Published: November 2015

BackgroundDefects of cardiac repolarization, noninvasively identifiable by analyzing the electrocardiographic (ECG) ST segment and T wave, are among the major causes of sudden cardiac death. Still, no repolarization‐based index has so far shown sufficient sensitivity and specificity to justify preventive treatments. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the predictive power of our recently proposed f99 index for the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias.MethodsOur study populations included 170 patients with implanted cardiac defibrillator (ICD), 44 of which developed ventricular tachycardia and/or fibrillation during the 4‐year follow‐up (ICD_Cases) and 126 did not (ICD_Controls). The f99 index, defined as the frequency at which the repolarization normalized cumulative energy reaches 99%, was computed in each of the 15 (I to III, aVl, aVr, aVf, V1–V6, X, Y, Z) available ECG leads independently, and then maximized over the 6 precordial leads (f99_MaxV1–V6), 12 standard leads (f99_Max12STD) and three orthogonal leads (f99_MaxXYZ) to avoid dispersion‐related issues. Each index predictive power was quantified as the area under the receiving operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsMedian f99_MaxV1–V6, f99_Max12STD and f99_MaxXYZ values were significantly higher in the ICD_Cases than in the ICD_Controls (48 Hz vs. 35 Hz, P<0.05; 51 Hz vs. 43 Hz, P<0.05; 45 Hz vs. 31 Hz, P<10−3; respectively), indicating a more fragmented repolarization in the former group. The AUC values were 0.62, 0.63 and 0.68, respectively.ConclusionsThe f99 represents a promising risk index for the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias, especially when maximized over the three orthogonal leads.
Mastectomy with tears: breast cancer surgery in the early nineteenth century
Authors: Collins John P. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundBy the early nineteenth century, breast cancer was better understood and surgical treatment was emerging as a more favoured option although anaesthesia had yet to be discovered. Many questions would have arisen for a woman advised to have surgery, including possible alternatives, what the operation would entail, pain and risks involved and the competence, ethical and professional behaviour of the surgeon. This paper addresses these questions in the context of the contemporary environment, focusing in particular on the personal experiences of the women involved.MethodsA review of the surviving personal letters and information regarding three women who had breast surgery, and of the contemporary surgical writings on breast cancer, training of surgeons, ethical and professional expectations and the concurrent status of women in society.ResultsSurgical training was in its infancy and the first pronouncements on medical ethics had just been published. Pain, bleeding and infection presented formidable challenges and carried significant risks. Women were frequently devoid of information, suffered a loss of their dignity and were progressively stripped of their authority.ConclusionsBreast cancer surgery was accompanied by enormous emotional and physical distress and significant risks from bleeding and infection. Although efforts were being made to give women a greater voice and autonomy in society, their position when receiving health care remained largely a submissive one. Lack of information, feelings of vulnerability, helplessness and loss of control occurred. The public perception of detachment most likely accounted for the occasional negative stigma then associated with the surgical profession.
Serological, genomic and structural analyses of the major mite allergen Der p 23
Authors: Mueller G. A. , Randall T. A. , Glesner J. , Pedersen L. C. , Perera L. , Edwards L. L. , DeRose E. F. , Chapman M. D. , London R. E. , Pomés A. 
Published: November 2015

SummaryBackgroundDer p 23 was recently identified in a European population as a major allergen and potentially a chitin binding protein.ObjectiveThis study sought to assess the importance of Der p 23 among other Dermatophagoides allergens in a North American population and to determine the structure for functional characterization.MethodsIgE binding to Der p 23, Der p 1, Der p 2, Der p 5, Der p 7 and Der p 8 was measured by ELISA. RNA‐seq data from D. pteronyssinus were compared as estimates of allergen expression levels. The structure was analysed by X‐ray crystallography and NMR.ResultsDespite a high prevalence of Der p 23, (75% vs. 87% and 79% for Der p 1 and Der p 2, respectively), the anti‐Der p 23 IgE levels were relatively low. The patient response to the 6 allergens tested was variable (n = 47), but on average anti‐Der p 1 and anti‐Der p 2 together accounted for 85% of the specific IgE. In terms of abundance, the RNA expression level of Der p 23 is the lowest of the major allergens, thirty fold less than Der p 1 and sevenfold less than Der p 2. The structure of Der p 23 is a small, globular protein stabilized by two disulphide bonds, which is structurally related to allergens such as Blo t 12 that contain carbohydrate binding domains that bind chitin. Functional assays failed to confirm chitin binding by Der p 23.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceDer p 23 accounts for a small percentage of the IgE response to mite allergens, which is dominated by Der p 1 and Der p 2. The prevalence and amount of specific IgE to Der p 23 and Der p 2 are disproportionately high compared to the expression of other Dermatophagoides allergens.