bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights into the Redox Performance of Non–stoichiometric Lanthanum Manganite Perovskites for Solar Thermochemical CO2 Splitting
Authors: Nair Mahesh M. , Abanades Stéphane 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPerovskite structured mixed metal oxides are one category of redox materials that recently demonstrated high potential for solar fuel production from thermochemical H2O/CO2 splitting. Substituted lanthanum manganite perovskite was previously found to be one of the most suitable candidates among the perovskite family, owing to its unique redox properties. However, the effect of synthesis method and cationic substitutions in A and B‐sites of ABO3 perovskite need to be elucidated. Herein, a systematic study was performed by implementing various synthetic strategies such as solid‐state, pechini process, glycine combustion or glucose‐assisted methods, to obtain LaxSr1‐xMnO3 (LSM) as a single phase and to determine the effect of synthesis method on the redox efficiency and performance stability for CO2 splitting. The results indicated that the materials synthesized by the pechini method were the most reactive among the series, with a stable CO production of ∼260 μmol.g−1 for x=0.5. Also, various pure phase A and B‐site substituted perovskites were synthesized by the pechini method to study the effect of such substitutions on the fuel yield of these materials. Y/Ca/Ba A‐site and Al/Fe B‐site substitutions in (La,Sr)MnO3 did not enhance the redox cycling capability when compared with LSM. It was observed that Sr was the best A‐site substituent and the presence of single Mn cation alone in B‐site was the most suitable option for promoting CO2‐splitting activity. Further, the effect of the addition of promotional agents was explored and enhancement of CO evolution was observed when compared to pure LSM.
Concise Review: The Use of Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells and Platelet Rich Plasma in Regenerative Plastic Surgery
Authors: Gentile Pietro , Scioli Maria Giovanna , Bielli Alessandra , Orlandi Augusto , Cervelli Valerio 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTissue engineering has emerged at the intersection of numerous disciplines to meet a global clinical need for technologies to promote the regeneration of tissues. Recently, many authors have focused their attention on mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) for their capacity to differentiate into many cell lineages. The most widely studied cell types are bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), which display similar results. Biomaterials, cells, and growth factors are needed to design a regenerative plastic surgery approach in the treatment of organ and tissue defects, but not all tissues are created equal. The aim of this article is to describe the advances in tissue engineering through the use of ASCs, platelet rich plasma, and biomaterials to enable regeneration of damaged complex tissue.
Concise Review: Liver Regenerative Medicine: From Hepatocyte Transplantation to Bioartificial Livers and Bioengineered Grafts
Authors: Nicolas Clara T. , Hickey Raymond D. , Chen Harvey S. , Mao Shennen A. , Lopera Higuita Manuela , Wang Yujia , Nyberg Scott L. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Donor organ shortage is the main limitation to liver transplantation as a treatment for end-stage liver disease and acute liver failure. Liver regenerative medicine may in the future offer an alternative form of therapy for these diseases, be it through cell transplantation, bioartificial liver (BAL) devices, or bioengineered whole organ liver transplantation. All three strategies have shown promising results in the past decade. However, before they are incorporated into widespread clinical practice, the ideal cell type for each treatment modality must be found, and an adequate amount of metabolically active, functional cells must be able to be produced. Research is ongoing in hepatocyte expansion techniques, use of xenogeneic cells, and differentiation of stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs). HLCs are a few steps away from clinical application, but may be very useful in individualized drug development and toxicity testing, as well as disease modeling. Finally, safety concerns including tumorigenicity and xenozoonosis must also be addressed before cell transplantation, BAL devices, and bioengineered livers occupy their clinical niche. This review aims to highlight the most recent advances and provide an updated view of the current state of affairs in the field of liver regenerative medicine.
Role of Physiotherapy in Preventing Failure of Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Vincent Yu Pak-him , Yiu-chung Wun , Patrick Yung Shu-hang 
Published: September 2016

Background/Purpose Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is routinely performed in sports medicine. We aimed to determine if there is any protective effect of postoperative physiotherapy in preventing graft rupture after primary ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Methods A retrospective case—control study was carried out, with demographic data, concomitant meniscal injury, and intraoperative fixation methods matched. The number of sessions of physiotherapy attended by the rupture group and nonrupture group were compared using binary logistic regression. Results No significant relationship between the frequency of postoperative physiotherapy and occurrence of graft rupture after primary ACLR was identified. Conclusion Further research is needed to verify the effect of physiotherapy in the prevention of graft rupture after primary ACLR.
Deformation style in the damage zone of the Mondy fault: GPR evidence (Tunka basin, southern East Siberia)
Authors: Lunina O.V. , Gladkov A.S. , Afonkin A.M. , Serebryakov E.V. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The Mondy strike-slip fault connects the W–E Tunka and N–S Hövsgöl basins on the southern flank of the Baikal rift system. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys in its damage zone provide constraints on thicknesses, dips, and plunges of fault planes, as well as on the amount and sense of vertical slip. Strike-slip faulting in the southern segment of the Mondy fault within the territory of Russia bears a normal slip component of motion along the W–E and NW planes. These motions have produced negative flower structures in shallow crust appearing as grabens upon Pleistocene fluvioglacial terraces. The amount of normal slip estimated from the displacement of reflection events varies over the area and reaches its maximum of 3.4 m near Mondy Village. In the Kharadaban basin link, left-lateral strike slip displaces valleys of ephemeral streams to 22 m, while normal slip detected by GPR reaches 2.2 m; this normal-to-strike slip ratio corresponds to a direction of ~6° to the horizon. The angles of dips of faults are in the range 75°–79°; the thicknesses of fault planes marked by low- or high-frequency anomalies in GPR records vary from 2.5 to 17.0 m along strike and decrease with depth within a few meters below the surface, which is common to near-surface coseismic motions. Many ruptures fail to reach the surface but appear rather as sinkholes localized mainly in fault hanging walls. The deformation style in the damage zone of the Mondy fault bears impact of the NW Yaminshin fault lying between its two segments. According to photoelasticity, the stress field changes locally at the intersection of the two faults, under NE compression at 38°, till the inverse orientations of principal compression and extension stresses. This stress pattern leads to a combination of normal and left-lateral strike slip components.
Assessment of the discovered and undiscovered oil and gas of Africa
Authors: Modelevsky M.S. , Modelevsky M.M. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The study presents assessment of the hydrocarbon potential of almost all known sedimentary basins of the African continent and adjacent offshore coastal areas of the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. The assessment is based on new data that became available following the well-known monograph of V.I. Vysotsky et al. (1994), which provided the last petroleum potential assessment published in the Russian literature. These data provide a more accurate evaluation of the regional initially-in-place and recoverable hydrocarbon resources, exploration maturity as of the beginning of 2015, the total number of discovered oil and gas fields, and field/resources distribution by basin type and offshore and onshore areas.
Morphostructural and tectonophysical features of strike-slip and extensional fault zones (results of analog modeling)
Authors: Cheremnykh A.S. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The formation of the relief of fault zones is considered in relation to the evolution of their internal structure during faulting. The study was carried out by analog modeling with subsequent digital elevation modeling of the experimental surface of the deformed sample. The vertical displacement gradient was calculated based on the digital elevation models. It has been found that the relief of strike-slip and extensional fault zones depends on their internal structure. Each element of the internal structure makes its own contribution to the relief formation. The process depends on experimental conditions, such as the viscosity of the model material and the model deformation rate. The relief of the fault zone is different at each of three main stages of its formation.
Service fatigue life and service calendar life limits of aircraft structure: aircraft structural life envelope
Authors: He Y. , Li C. , Zhang T. , Liu J. , Gao C. , Hou B. , Wu L. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTThe service life of aircraft structure includes the fatigue life and calendar life. The Aircraft Structural Life Envelop (ASLE) is a safe and reliable life scope of aircraft structures in service. The specific steps to establish the ASLE are developed, and a residual life prediction method for aircraft structure under service environments is established by combining the ASLE with the Miner theory. Furthermore, a service life extension method of aircraft structure is proposed based on a scope extension of the ASLE, including methods based on reliability analysis and structural repair. Finally, an application example of the ASLE is presented.
Detailed dynamic, geometric and supraglacial moraine data for Glaciar Pio XI, the only surge-type glacier of the Southern Patagonia Icefield
Authors: Wilson Ryan , Carrión Daniela , Rivera Andrés 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTIn contrast to the general trend for glaciers of the Southern Patagonia Icefield, Glaciar Pio XI has experienced a large cumulative frontal advance since 1945. In an effort to better understand this advancing behaviour, this paper presents a synoptic analysis of frontal fluctuations (1998–2014), ice velocities (1986–2014), ice-surface elevations (1975–2007) and supraglacial moraines (1945–2014) derived from geospatial datasets. These analyses reveal changes in the ice flow of Glaciar Pio XI's freshwater calving northern terminus and tidewater calving southern terminus over recent decades. Between 1986 and 2000, ice flow speed generally accelerated reaching peaks of >15 m d−1 at the frontal edge of the southern terminus. Following this period, flow speed decreased, reducing to <1 m d−1 for the central part of the southern terminus in 2014, despite advancing to a neoglacial maximum. From 2000 to 2014 the reduction in speed was accompanied by a shift in maximum velocity away from the southern terminus, towards the central glacier trunk. As a result, the northern terminus, which accelerated during this period, represented the new primary flow path in 2014. Notably, the moraine maps presented highlight surges occurring around 1981 and again between 1997 and 2000, marked by arcuate moraine features on the southern terminus.
Large deviations for the empirical measure of heavy-tailed Markov renewal processes
Authors: Mariani Mauro , Zambotti Lorenzo 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
A large deviations principle is established for the joint law of the empirical measure and the flow measure of a Markov renewal process on a finite graph. We do not assume any bound on the arrival times, allowing heavy-tailed distributions. In particular, the rate function is in general degenerate (it has a nontrivial set of zeros) and not strictly convex. These features show a behaviour highly different from what one may guess with a heuristic Donsker‒Varadhan analysis of the problem.
Multivariate fractional Poisson processes and compound sums
Authors: Beghin Luisa , Macci Claudio 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn this paper we present multivariate space-time fractional Poisson processes by considering common random time-changes of a (finite-dimensional) vector of independent classical (nonfractional) Poisson processes. In some cases we also consider compound processes. We obtain some equations in terms of some suitable fractional derivatives and fractional difference operators, which provides the extension of known equations for the univariate processes.
Analysis of a stochastic approximation algorithm for computing quasi-stationary distributions
Authors: Blanchet J. , Glynn P. , Zheng S. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
We study the convergence properties of a Monte Carlo estimator proposed in the physics literature to compute the quasi-stationary distribution on a transient set of a Markov chain (see De Oliveira and Dickman (2005), (2006), and Dickman and Vidigal (2002)). Using the theory of stochastic approximations we verify the consistency of the estimator and obtain an associated central limit theorem. We provide an example showing that convergence might occur very slowly if a certain eigenvalue condition is violated. We alleviate this problem using an easy-to-implement projection step combined with averaging.
Dynamic programming for discrete-time finite-horizon optimal switching problems with negative switching costs
Authors: Martyr R. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
In this paper we study a discrete-time optimal switching problem on a finite horizon. The underlying model has a running reward, terminal reward, and signed (positive and negative) switching costs. Using optimal stopping theory for discrete-parameter stochastic processes, we extend a well-known explicit dynamic programming method for computing the value function and the optimal strategy to the case of signed switching costs.
Microbleeds in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Neuropsychological Overview and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sepehry Amir A. , Rauscher Alexander , Hsiung Ging-Yuek , Lang Donna J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe current literature on the role of brain microbleeds (MB) on the neuropsychological outcomes of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is heterogeneous. We therefore meta-analytically examined the neuropsychological literature pertaining to MBs in AD. Using a priori selected criteria, studies with cross-sectional neuropsychological assessment on MBs and AD were reviewed. Six of 122 studies met selection criteria and provided neuropsychological data on either AD with MB and without MB, or in contrast to healthy controls. The global neuropsychological difference between AD with MB and AD without MB based on random effect model was nonsignificant, heterogeneous, and small (Effect Size =−0.155; 95% confidence interval =−0.465 to 0.155; p value =0.326; Heterogenity: Q-value =12.744; degrees of freedom =5; p =0.026; I2 =61%). The contribution of MBs to cognitive deficits in AD remains unclear. Future studies of MB in AD should strive to use standardized neuroimaging techniques with high sensitivity for MB, a common standard for MB definition, and neuropsychological tests sensitive for detecting subtle cognitive impairment.
“Bundle” Practices and Ventilator-Associated Events: Not Enough
Authors: O’Horo John C. , Lan Haitao , Thongprayoon Charat , Schenck Louis , Ahmed Adil , Dziadzko Mikhail , Gajic Ognjen , Sampathkumar Priya 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVEVentilator-associated events (VAEs) are nosocomial events correlated with length of stay, costs, and mortality. Current ventilator bundle practices target the older definition of ventilator-associated pneumonia and have not been systematically evaluated for their impact on VAEs.DESIGNRetrospective cohort study.SETTINGTertiary medical center between January 2012 and August 2014.PARTICIPANTSAll adult patients ventilated for at least 24 hours at our institution.INTERVENTIONSWe conducted univariate analyses for compliance with each element; we focused on VAEs occurring within a 2-day window of failure to meet any ventilator bundle element. We used Cox proportional hazard models to assess the effect of stress ulcer prophylaxis, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis, oral care, and sedation breaks on VAEs. We adjusted models for gender, age, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) III scores.RESULTSOur cohort comprised 2,660 patients with 16,858 ventilator days and 77 VAEs. Adjusting for APACHE score and gender, only oral care was associated with a reduction in the risk of VAE (hazard ratio [HR], 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26–0.77). The DVT prophylaxis and sedation breaks did not show any significant impact on VAEs. Stress ulcer prophylaxis trended toward an increased risk of VAE (HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.00–2.56).CONCLUSIONAlthough limited by a low baseline rate of VAEs, existing ventilator bundle practices do not appear to target VAEs well. Oral care is clearly important, but the impact of DVT prophylaxis, sedation breaks, and especially stress ulcer prophylaxis are questionable at best.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;1453–1457
Staatsolie's VISION 2030: the contributions of petroleum geology to Surinamese society
Authors: Nelson August 
Published: September 2016

AbstractStaatsolie Maatschappij Suriname N.V., together with the gold mining industry, has gradually become a major contributor to the Surinamese economy since the decline of the alumina industry. In the last 35 years, about 110MMbbls (million barrels) of crude oil have been produced. Staatsolie is now in the early stages of fulfilling its VISION 2030, which is not only aimed at increased exploration and production but also at power generation, further diversification and regional expansion. The basis for achieving these goals is accelerated on- and offshore exploration, followed by growth in production. The offshore region remains a frontier area, with only a few wells drilled. Current production is about 17,000bopd (barrels of oil per day). Between 2007 and 2014, Staatsolie has spent about US$120 million on exploration. An integrated study for the Suriname–Guyana Basin carried out by Staatsolie in 2009 demonstrated the upside potential of this basin from a source rock potential perspective, which has been proven by both the Liza-1 oil discovery offshore of Guyana in 2015 and the Zaedyus-1 oil discovery offshore of French Guiana in 2011.Staatsolie is now focusing its efforts on the near-shore area, where it recently concluded a five-well drilling programme, following a 3-D seismic survey. In the deep offshore area, international oil companies (IOCs) are actively pursuing the next discovery in the Atlantic Margin, partly driven by the conjugate-margin theory geologically linking South America and West Africa.Staatsolie is also attempting to increase recovery from the most mature and largest oilfield, the Tambaredjo Field, through Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) technologies of which polymer flooding is deemed the most suitable, with estimated potential incremental recovery of up to 12%.Staatsolie recognises the role of a highly skilled and motivated workforce and therefore continues investing in its people through internal as well as external training. Thirty-five years after it was founded by Mr Eddy Jharap, a geologist by training and the first Managing Director of the company, it can be stated that Staatsolie has taken its place in Surinamese society as a significant contributor to the economy, a preferred employer, a nucleus for industrial spin-off and an example for other companies.
Scientific Goals of the Kunlun Infrared Sky Survey (KISS)
Authors: Burton Michael G. , Zheng Jessica , Mould Jeremy , Cooke Jeff , Ireland Michael , Uddin Syed Ashraf , Zhang Hui , Yuan Xiangyan , Lawrence Jon , Ashley Michael C. B. , Wu Xuefeng , Curtin Chris , Wang Lifan 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe high Antarctic plateau provides exceptional conditions for infrared observations on account of the cold, dry and stable atmosphere above the ice surface. This paper describes the scientific goals behind the first program to examine the time-varying universe in the infrared from Antarctica — the Kunlun Infrared Sky Survey (KISS). This will employ a 50cm telescope to monitor the southern skies in the 2.4μmKdark window from China's Kunlun station at Dome A, on the summit of the Antarctic plateau, through the uninterrupted 4-month period of winter darkness. An earlier paper discussed optimisation of the Kdark filter for sensitivity (Li et al. 2016). This paper examines the scientific program for KISS. We calculate the sensitivity of the camera for the extrema of observing conditions that will be encountered. We present the parameters for sample surveys that could then be carried out for a range of cadences and sensitivities. We then discuss several science programs that could be conducted with these capabilities, involving star formation, brown dwarfs and hot Jupiters, exoplanets around M dwarfs, the terminal phases of stellar evolution, fast transients, embedded supernova searches, reverberation mapping of AGN, gamma ray bursts and the detection of the cosmic infrared background.
Compatibility of Atmospheric 14CO2 Measurements: Comparing the Heidelberg Low-Level Counting Facility to International Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) Laboratories
Authors: Hammer Samuel , Friedrich Ronny , Kromer Bernd , Cherkinsky Alexander , Lehman Scott J , Meijer Harro A J , Nakamura Toshio , Palonen Vesa , Reimer Ron W , Smith Andrew M , Southon John R , Szidat Sönke , Turnbull Jocelyn , Uchida Masao 
Published: September 2016

AbstractCombining atmospheric Δ14CO2 data sets from different networks or laboratories requires secure knowledge on their compatibility. In the present study, we compare Δ14CO2 results from the Heidelberg low-level counting (LLC) laboratory to 12 international accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) laboratories using distributed aliquots of five pure CO2 samples. The averaged result of the LLC laboratory has a measurement bias of –0.3±0.5‰ with respect to the consensus value of the AMS laboratories for the investigated atmospheric Δ14C range of 9.6 to 40.4‰. Thus, the LLC measurements on average are not significantly different from the AMS laboratories, and the most likely measurement bias is smaller than the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) interlaboratory compatibility goal for Δ14CO2 of 0.5‰. The number of intercomparison samples was, however, too small to determine whether the measurement biases of the individual AMS laboratories fulfilled the WMO goal.