bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online and live regular poker players: Do they differ in impulsive sensation seeking and gambling practice?
Authors: Barrault Servane , Varescon Isabelle 
Published: March 2016

Background and aims
Online gambling appears to have special features, such as anonymity, speed of play and permanent availability, which may contribute to the facilitation and increase in gambling practice, potentially leading to problem gambling. The aims of this study were to assess sociodemographic characteristics, gambling practice and impulsive sensation seeking among a population of regular poker players with different levels of gambling intensity and to compare online and live players.

Methods
245 regular poker players (180 online players and 65 live players) completed online self-report scales assessing sociodemographic data, pathological gambling (SOGS), gambling practice (poker questionnaire) and impulsive sensation seeking (ImpSS). We used SOGS scores to rank players according to the intensity of their gambling practice (non-pathological gamblers, problem gamblers and pathological gamblers).

Results
All poker players displayed a particular sociodemographic profile: they were more likely to be young men, executives or students, mostly single and working full-time. Online players played significantly more often whereas live players reported significantly longer gambling sessions. Sensation seeking was high across all groups, whereas impulsivity significantly distinguished players according to the intensity of gambling.

Discussion
Our results show the specific profile of poker players. Both impulsivity and sensation seeking seem to be involved in pathological gambling, but playing different roles. Sensation seeking may determine interest in poker whereas impulsivity may be involved in pathological gambling development and maintenance.

Conclusions
This study opens up new research perspectives and insights into preventive and treatment actions for pathological poker players.
Life adverse experiences in relation with obesity and binge eating disorder: A systematic review
Authors: Palmisano Giovanni Luca , Innamorati Marco , Vanderlinden Johan 
Published: March 2016

Background and aims
Several studies report a positive association between adverse life experiences and adult obesity. Despite the high comorbidity between binge eating disorder (BED) and obesity, few authors have studied the link between trauma and BED. In this review the association between exposure to adverse life experiences and a risk for the development of obesity and BED in adulthood is explored.

Methods
Based on a scientific literature review in Medline, PubMed and PsycInfo databases, the results of 70 studies (N = 306,583 participants) were evaluated including 53 studies on relationship between adverse life experiences and obesity, 7 studies on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in relation to obesity, and 10 studies on the association between adverse life experiences and BED. In addition, mediating factors between the association of adverse life experiences, obesity and BED were examined.

Results
The majority of studies (87%) report that adverse life experiences are a risk factor for developing obesity and BED. More precisely a positive association between traumatic experiences and obesity and PTSD and obesity were found, respectively, in 85% and 86% of studies. Finally, the great majority of studies (90%) between trauma and the development of BED in adulthood strongly support this association. Meanwhile, different factors mediating between the trauma and obesity link were identified.

Discussion and conclusions
Although research data show a strong association between life adverse experiences and the development of obesity and BED, more research is needed to explain this association.
FDA Approval Summary: Pembrolizumab for the Treatment of Patients With Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Whose Tumors Express Programmed Death-Ligand 1
Authors: Sul Joohee , Blumenthal Gideon M. , Jiang Xiaoping , He Kun , Keegan Patricia , Pazdur Richard 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
On October 2, 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval for pembrolizumab, a breakthrough therapy-designated drug, for the treatment of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors express programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), as determined by an FDA-approved test, and who have disease progression on or after platinum-containing chemotherapy or targeted therapy against anaplastic lymphoma kinase or epidermal growth factor receptor, if appropriate. This indication was approved concurrently with the PD-L1 immunohistochemistry 22C3 pharmDx, a companion diagnostic test for patient selection based on PD-L1 tumor expression. The accelerated approval was granted based on durable objective response rate (ORR) and an acceptable toxicity profile demonstrated in a multicenter, open-label trial enrolling 550 patients with metastatic NSCLC. The efficacy population comprised 61 patients with tumors identified as strongly positive for PD-L1, and the confirmed ORR as determined by blinded independent central review was 41% (95% confidence interval: 28.6%, 54.3%); all were partial responses. At the time of the analysis, responses were ongoing in 21 of 25 patients (84%), with 11 patients (44%) having response duration of ≥6 months. The most commonly occurring (≥20%) adverse reactions included fatigue, decreased appetite, dyspnea, and cough. The most frequent (≥2%) serious adverse drug reactions were pleural effusion, pneumonia, dyspnea, pulmonary embolism, and pneumonitis. Immune-mediated adverse reactions occurred in 13% of patients and included pneumonitis, colitis, hypophysitis, and thyroid disorders. The accelerated approval regulations describe approval of drugs and biologic products for serious and life-threatening illnesses based on a surrogate endpoint likely to predict clinical benefit. Under these regulations, a confirmatory trial or trials is required to verify and describe the benefit of pembrolizumab for patients with metastatic NSCLC.
bibliometric analysis of research on Ebola in Science Citation Index Expanded
Authors: Pouris Anastassios , Ho Yuh-Shan 
Published: March 2016

An unprecedented outbreak of the Ebola virus in 2014 claimed more than 1000 lives in West Africa and the World Health Organization declared a global public health emergency. This outbreak will undoubtedly promote additional research related to the Ebola virus and will create debate related to experimental drugs. This article identified the quantum of research in the field since 1991; the scientific disciplines that contributed to the field; the countries, organisations and authors that supported such research and the most cited articles. An increasing trend in annual production during 1991–2013 was observed. Journal of Virology, Journal of Infectious Diseases, and Virology were the three most productive journals in the field. Similarly, the field of virology dominated the 73 categories in which the Ebola research was classified. A total of 63 countries contributed to Ebola-related research, led by the USA. The most productive institutions were the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. African countries were more likely to be involved in international collaboration than independent research. The most influential article exhibited a notable citation pattern and presented global trends in emerging infectious diseases.
Analise funcional da elipse de preposições em português
Authors: Saraiva Maria Elizabeth Fonseca 
Published: March 2016

Resumo: Neste texto, pretendo, em primeiro lugar, descrever e analisar os contextos em que ocorre elipse de preposição no português coloquial. A seguir, com base nos estudos realizados por Pontes (1981) e Haiman (1983), apresento uma tentativa de explicação para os fatos analisados, que leva em conta a função das preposições no discurso. Abstract: What I intend to do in this paper is, first, to describe and analyse the contexts in which there is ellipsis of prepositions in colloquial portuguese.Next, on the basic of Ponte's (1981) and Haiman's (1983) studies, an attempt is formulated in order to explain the facts already analysed. The explanation presented is based on the function of prepositions in discourse.
De quadrinhos e quadrados
Authors: Walty Ivete Lara Camargos , Campos Maria Helena Rabelo 
Published: March 2016

Resumo: Análise de histórias em quadrinho enquanto texto que se estrutura a partir dos elementos tradicionalmente apontados como próprios à ficção narrativa. Nesta perspectiva, busca-se uma leitura das relações entre criança e adulto, criação e autor, linguagem e poder.Résumé: Analyse de bandes dessinées en tant que texte structuré à partir d'éléments traditionnellement considérés comme appartenant à la fiction narrative. De ce point de vue, nous faissons une lecture des rapports entre l'enfant et l'adulte, la création et l'auteur, le langage et le pouvoir.
Propuesta de un nuevo indicador para definir la ductilidad aplicada a la corrosión del acero de refuerzo en estructuras de hormigón = Proposal of a new indicator to define ductility applied to corroded steel reinforcement on concrete structures
Authors: Moreno E. , Prieto M. I. , González M. N. , Llauradó N. 
Published: March 2016

ResumenLa carbonatación del hormigón o la intrusión de cloruros en suficiente cantidad para alcanzar el nivel de las barras, es desencadenante de la corrosión de la armadura. Uno de los efectos más significativos de la corrosión del acero de refuerzo en estructuras de hormigón armado es la disminución de las propiedades relacionadas con la ductilidad del acero. El reforzamiento tiene un efecto decisivo en la ductilidad global de las estructuras de hormigón armado. Se utilizan diferentes códigos para clasificar el tipo de acero en función de su ductilidad usando los valores mínimos de varios parámetros. El uso de indicadores de ductilidad asociados a diferentes propiedades puede ser ventajoso en muchas ocasiones. Se considera necesario para definir la ductilidad por medio de un solo parámetro que tiene en cuenta los valores de resistencia y deformación simultáneamente. Hay una serie de criterios para definir la ductilidad del acero mediante un único parámetro. El presente estudio experimental se ocupa de la variación en la ductilidad de las barras de acero embebido en hormigón cuando se expone a la corrosión acelerada. Este trabajo analiza la idoneidad de un nuevo indicador de la ductilidad utilizado en barras corroídas. AbstractThe carbonation of concrete or the chlorides ingress in such quantity to reach the level of bars is triggers of reinforcement corrosion. One of the most significant effects of reinforcing steel corrosion on reinforced concrete structures is the decline in the ductility-related properties of the steel. Reinforcement ductility has a decisive effect on the overall ductility of reinforced concrete structures. Different Codes classify the type of steel depending on their ductility defined by the minimum values of several parameters. Using indicators of ductility associating different properties can be advantageous on many occasions. It is considered necessary to define the ductility by means of a single parameter that considers strength values and deformation simultaneously. There are a number of criteria for defining steel ductility by a single parameter. The present experimental study addresses the variation in the ductility of concrete-embedded steel bars when exposed to accelerated corrosion. This paper analyzes the suitability of a new indicator of ductility used in corroded bars.
Enhancement of Bone-Healing by Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound
Authors: Rutten Sjoerd , van den Bekerom Michel P.J. , Sierevelt Inger N. , Nolte Petrus A. 
Published: March 2016

Background:
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is frequently used to enhance or to accelerate fracture-healing, but its clinical role and effectiveness as a treatment modality remain uncertain. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to determine the efficiency of LIPUS on bone-healing and/or fracture union, as well as on functional recovery.

Methods:
The databases of PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Embase were searched for trials concerning LIPUS stimulation and bone-healing or fracture repair, in any language, published from the inception of the database to January 2, 2015. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials that enrolled patients with any type of fracture, delayed union, or nonunion and randomly assigned them to LIPUS treatment or a control group. Two reviewers independently agreed on eligibility, assessed methodological quality, and extracted outcome data. All relevant outcomes were pooled, and a meta-analysis was performed.

Results:
Twenty-four unique randomized trials were selected for analysis after the search of all databases and the inclusion of one trial by the senior author. Time to radiographic fracture union was the most common primary outcome measure evaluated. After pooling the data concerning time to radiographic healing in the combined patient population (n = 429), LIPUS treatment resulted in a mean reduction in healing time of 39.8 days (95% confidence interval, 17.7 to 62.0 days; I2 = 94%). The most reduction in time to radiographic union by LIPUS treatment was seen in fractures with a long natural healing tendency. Three trials evaluating the time to return to work or active duty, as a surrogate for functional recovery, were unable to demonstrate a beneficial effect of LIPUS (n = 179). Evidence from two high-quality trials implied that LIPUS enhances fracture-healing through increased bone formation in cases of delayed and/or impaired bone-healing. The prevention of delayed union or nonunion by LIPUS treatment could not be demonstrated.

Conclusions:
LIPUS treatment effectively reduces the time to radiographic fracture union, but this does not directly result in a beneficial effect of accelerated functional recovery or the prevention of delayed union or nonunion. The increase in bone formation as a result of LIPUS treatment may provide a valuable tool in fracture repair, but it does not always lead to healing. Future studies should focus on reporting of a combination of subjective signs of clinical healing, functional recovery, and radiographic union to determine the effectiveness of LIPUS treatment in clinical fracture-healing.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Tenosynovitis of the Hand and Wrist
Authors: Blood Travis D. , Morrell Nathan T. , Weiss Arnold-Peter C. 
Published: March 2016

➢ Trigger FingerTrigger finger is common in patients with diabetes.Corticosteroid injections are effective in about 60% to 92% of cases.Proximal interphalangeal joint contracture may occur in long-standing cases.The outcomes of open and percutaneous releases are similar; however, surgeons are split on preferences.➢ Intersection SyndromeThe classic finding is crepitus with wrist motion at the distal one-third of the radial aspect of the forearm.➢ Extensor Pollicis Longus (EPL) TenosynovitisCorticosteroid injections should be used with caution because of the potential for rupture.EPL tenosynovitis is very rare.➢ de Quervain DisorderThis condition is common in postpartum women.A positive Finkelstein test is considered to be pathognomonic of de Quervain disorder, but care should be taken to differentiate this condition from thumb carpometacarpal arthritis.Corticosteroid injections are effective in about 80% of cases.Patients in whom corticosteroid injections fail to provide relief of symptoms frequently have a separate extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) compartment.The abductor pollicis longus (APL) tendon has multiple slips; care should be taken not to confuse one of these slips as the EPB.Traction on the APL pulls up the thumb metacarpal but not the thumb tip.Traction on the EPB extends the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint.Care should be taken to avoid injury to the sensory branch of the radial nerve.➢ Fourth Compartment TenosynovitisThis uncommon condition is most often seen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.The condition involves a large diffuse area, as opposed to the compact dorsal ganglion cyst.
A Qualitative Study to Explore Patient and Staff Perceptions of Intradialytic Exercise
Authors: Thompson Stephanie , Tonelli Marcello , Klarenbach Scott , Molzahn Anita 
Published: March 2016

Background and objectives
Randomized, controlled trials show that regular exercise is beneficial for patients on hemodialysis. Intradialytic exercise may have additional benefits, such as amelioration of treatment-related symptoms. However, the factors that influence the implementation of intradialytic exercise are largely unknown.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Individual semistructured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of patients on hemodialysis who had participated in a pilot randomized, controlled trial on intradialytic exercise and dialysis staff that worked in the unit during the trial. The trial took place from July to December of 2014 and enrolled 31 patients. Interviews were conducted from April to December of 2014. Interview coding followed an inductive and broad-based approach. Thematic analysis was used to group codes into common themes, first individually and then, across staff and patient interviews.

Results
Twenty-five patients and 11 staff were interviewed. Three themes common to both groups emerged: support, norms (expected practices) within the dialysis unit, and the role of the dialysis nurse. The support of the kinesiologist enhanced patients’ confidence and sense of capability and was a key component of implementation. However, the practice of initiating exercise at the start of the shift was a barrier to staff participation. Staff focused on the technical aspects of their role in intradialytic exercise, whereas patients viewed encouragement and assistance with intradialytic exercise as the staff’s role. An additional theme of no time (for staff to participate in intradialytic exercise) was influenced by its low priority in their workflow and the demands of the unit. The staff’s emphasis on patients setting up their own equipment and enhanced social interaction among participants were additional themes that conveyed the unintended consequences of the intervention.

Conclusions
The kinesiologist-patient interactions and staff readiness for intradialytic exercise were important factors in the implementation of intradialytic exercise. Understanding how unit workflow and the personal values of staff can influence implementation may improve the design of intradialytic exercise interventions.
In vitro evaluation of mitochondrial dysfunction and treatment with adeno-associated virus vector in fibroblasts from Doberman Pinschers with dilated cardiomyopathy and a pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 mutation
Authors: Sosa Ivan , Estrada Amara H. , Winter Brandy D. , Erger Kirsten E. , Conlon Thomas J. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of fibroblasts from Doberman Pinschers with and without dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and mutation of the gene for pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isozyme 4 (PDK4) and to evaluate in vitro whether treatment with adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector (ie, gene therapy) would alter metabolic efficiency.
ANIMALS 10 Doberman Pinschers screened for DCM and PDK4 mutation.
PROCEDURES Fibroblasts were harvested from skin biopsy specimens obtained from Doberman Pinschers, and dogs were classified as without DCM or PDK4 mutation (n = 3) or with occult DCM and heterozygous (4) or homozygous (3) for PDK4 mutation. Fibroblasts were or were not treated with tyrosine mutant AAV type 2 vector containing PDK4 at multiplicities of infection of 1,000. Mitochondrial OCR was measured to evaluate mitochondrial metabolism. The OCR was compared among dog groups and between untreated and treated fibroblasts within groups.
RESULTS Mean ± SD basal OCR of fibroblasts from heterozygous (74 ± 8 pmol of O2/min) and homozygous (58 ± 12 pmol of O2/min) dogs was significantly lower than that for dogs without PDK4 mutation (115 ± 9 pmol of O2/min). After AAV transduction, OCR did not increase significantly in any group (mutation-free group, 121 ± 26 pmol of O2/min; heterozygous group, 88 ± 6 pmol of O2/min; homozygous group, 59 ± 3 pmol of O2/min).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Mitochondrial function was altered in skin fibroblasts of Doberman Pinschers with DCM and PDK4 mutation. Change in mitochondrial function after in vitro gene therapy at the multiplicities of infection used in this study was not significant. (Am J Vet Res 2016;77:156–161)
Diagnostic accuracy of a rapid immunoassay for point of-care detection of urinary tract infection in dogs
Authors: Jacob Megan E. , Crowell M. Denise , Fauls Megan B. , Griffith Emily H. , Ferris Kelli K. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the diagnostic accuracy of a rapid immunoassay (RIA) for point-of-care detection of urinary tract infection (UTI) of dogs, compared with criterion-referenced diagnosis with bacterial culture.
SAMPLE 200 urine samples obtained from dogs and submitted to a veterinary microbiology diagnostic laboratory for routine bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility determination.
PROCEDURES Samples were evaluated by use of quantitative bacterial culture and the RIA. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the RIA were calculated; results of bacterial culture were the criterion-referenced outcome. A κ statistic was calculated to determine agreement between bacterial culture and RIA results.
RESULTS 56 of 200 (28%) urine samples had positive results for bacterial growth by use of culture methods; there were 38 (19%) positive results likely to be associated with bacterial UTI on the basis of sample collection method and bacterial concentration. Sensitivity and specificity of the RIA for detecting samples likely to be associated with UTI (≥ 1,000 CFUs/mL) were 97.4% and 98.8%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values of the RIA for bacterial cultures with likely UTI were 0.949 and 0.994, respectively. Agreement between bacterial culture and RIA outcome for UTI was substantial (weighted κ, 0.718).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The RIA test evaluated in this study accurately detected UTI of dogs, compared with detection with the criterion-referenced bacterial culture method. Use of this point-of-care RIA could allow clinicians to diagnose UTI at the time of a patient visit and provide information useful for immediately initiating empirical antimicrobial treatment. (Am J Vet Res 2016;77:162–166)