bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ume6-dependent pathways of morphogenesis and biofilm formation in
Candida auris
Authors: Louvet Marine , Li Jizhou , Brandalise Danielle , Bachmann Daniel , Sala de Oyanguren Francisco , Labes Danny , Jacquier Nicolas , Genoud Christel , Mucciolo Antonio , Coste Alix T. , Sanglard Dominique , Lamoth Frederic 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Candida auris
is a yeast pathogen causing nosocomial outbreaks of candidemia. Its ability to adhere to inert surfaces and to be transmitted from one patient to another via medical devices is of particular concern. Like other
Candida
spp.,
C. auris
has the ability to transition from the yeast form to pseudohyphae and to build biofilms. Moreover, some isolates have a unique capacity to form aggregates. These morphogenetic changes may impact virulence. In this study, we demonstrated the role of the transcription factor Ume6 in
C. auris
morphogenesis. Genetic hyperactivation of Ume6 induced filamentation and aggregation. The Ume6-hyperactivated strain (

UME6
HA

) also exhibited increased adhesion to inert surface and formed biofilms of higher biomass compared to the parental strain. Transcriptomic analyses of
UME6
HA
revealed enrichment of genes encoding for adhesins, proteins involved in cell wall organization, sterol biosynthesis, and aspartic protease activities. The three most upregulated genes compared to wild-type were those encoding for the agglutin-like sequence adhesin Als4498, the
C. auris
-specific adhesin Scf1, and the hypha-specific G1 cyclin-related protein Hgc1. The deletion of these genes in the
UME6
HA
background showed that Ume6 controls filamentation via Hgc1 and aggregation via Als4498 and Scf1. Adhesion to inert surface was essentially triggered by Scf1. However, Als4498 and Hgc1 were also crucial for biofilm formation. Our data show that Ume6 is a universal regulator of
C. auris
morphogenesis via distinct modulators.

IMPORTANCE

C. auris
represents a public health threat because of its ability to cause difficult-to-treat infections and hospital outbreaks. The morphogenetic plasticity of
C. auris
, including its ability to filament, to form aggregates or biofilms on inert surfaces, is important to the fungus for interhuman transmission, skin or catheter colonization, tissue invasion, antifungal resistance, and escape of the host immune system. This work deciphered the importance of Ume6 in the control of distinct pathways involved in filamentation, aggregation, adhesion, and biofilm formation of
C. auris
. A better understanding of the mechanisms of
C. auris
morphogenesis may help identify novel antifungal targets.
Genetic Features of the Bream Abramis brama Population from the Lake System of Sebezhsky National Park
Authors: Lobyrev F. S. , Semenova A. V. , Melnikova M. N. , Pivovarov E. A. , Pavlov S. D. , Khokhryakov V. R. , Kislitsa E. E. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The genetic variability of microsatellite DNA has been studied for the first time for five loci in the common bream Abramis brama (L.) from lakes Sebezhskoye and Necheritsa of the Sebezhsky National Park lake system (Pskov oblast). The results demonstrate the uniformity of estimates of the genetic variability of the bream in the lake system. Estimates of the allelic diversity of microsatellite loci and the expected heterozygosity of local bream groups do not differ significantly. The total genetic differentiation of bream is θ = 0.004, 95% CI (–0.01; 0.01), and is statistically insignificant. The Bayesian analysis of the studied multilocus genotypes has not revealed any population–genetic structure. The results indicate a high level of gene flow between local bream groupings and make it possible to assume the presence of a genetically unified panmixed population in the Sebezhsky National Park lake system.
Epidemiology, microbiology and antibiotic treatment of bacterial and fungal meningitis among very preterm infants in China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Cheng Ping , Qian Aimin , Zhang Hongbo , Wang Yingying , Li Shujuan , Sun Mengya , Yang Jie , Zhou Jianguo , Hu Liyuan , Lei Xiaoping , Hu Yu , Zhou Ligang , Du Lizhong , Cao Yun , Lee Shoo K , Zhou Wenhao , Kang Wenqing , Zhu Changlian , Sun Huiqing , Jiang Siyuan 
Published: September 2024

Objective
Neonatal meningitis significantly contributes to neonatal morbidity and mortality, yet large-scale epidemiological data in developing countries, particularly among very preterm infants (VPIs), remain sparse. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of meningitis among VPIs in China.

Design
Cross-sectional study using the Chinese Neonatal Network database from 2019 to 2021.

Setting
79 tertiary neonatal intensive care units in China.

Patients
Infants with gestational age <32 weeks or birth weight <1500 g.

Main outcome measures
Incidence, pathogen distribution, antimicrobial use and outcomes of bacterial and fungal meningitis.

Results
Of 31 915 VPIs admitted, 122 (0.38%) infants were diagnosed with culture-confirmed meningitis, with 14 (11.5%) being early-onset (≤6 days of age) and 108 (88.5%) being late-onset (>6 days of age). The overall in-hospital mortality was 18.0% (22/122). A total of 127 pathogens were identified, among which 63.8% (81/127) were Gram-negative bacteria, 24.4% (31/127) were Gram-positive bacteria and 11.8% (15/127) were fungi. In terms of empirical therapy (on the day of the first lumbar puncture), the most commonly used antibiotic was meropenem (54.9%, 67/122). For definitive therapy (on the sixth day following the first lumbar puncture, 86 cases with available antibiotic data), meropenem (60.3%, 35/58) and vancomycin (57.1%, 16/28) were the most used antibiotics for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial meningitis, respectively. 44% of infants with Gram-positive bacterial meningitis and 52% with Gram-negative bacterial meningitis received antibiotics for more than 3 weeks.

Conclusion
0.38% of VPIs in Chinese neonatal intensive care units were diagnosed with meningitis, experiencing significant mortality and inappropriate antibiotic therapy. Gram-negative bacteria were the predominant pathogens, with fungi emerging as a significant cause.
Associations between socioeconomic factors and PSA testing in a population-based organised testing programme and routine healthcare: a register-based study of 50-year-old men
Authors: Järbur Emil , Holmberg Erik , Björk-Eriksson Thomas , Bratt Ola , Arnsrud Godtman Rebecka 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivePopulation-based, organised prostate cancer testing (OPT) programmes were started in Sweden in 2020. The influence of socioeconomic factors on prostate cancer testing in this setting is not known. We examined associations between socioeconomic factors and (1) participation in OPT and (2) unorganised prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing.Methods and analysisRegion Västra Götaland’s OPT programme invited 21 174 men aged 50 years in 2020–2021. Regional data on unorganised testing in 2013–2014 of men aged 50–52 years were retrieved from Western Sweden Study of Opportunistic Prostate Cancer Screening database. Data on income, education, cohabitation and country of birth were collected from Statistic Sweden. Univariable and multivariable Poisson regression was used to calculate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with CIs for PSA testing by socioeconomic category.ResultsParticipation in OPT was associated with all investigated socioeconomic factors; multivariable IRRs: low versus non-low income 0.63 (95% CI 0.58 to 0.68), single versus non-single household 0.78 (95% CI 0.75 to 0.81), low versus average education 0.84 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.90) and non-Nordic versus Nordic country of birth 0.88 (95% CI 0.84 to 0.92). Unorganised PSA testing was negatively associated with low income 0.83 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.90) and single household 0.87 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.92), but not with low education 1.00 (95% CI 0.92 to 1.08) or non-Nordic country of birth 0.98 (95% CI 0.91 to 1.06).ConclusionSocioeconomic factors influenced PSA testing among 50-year-old men, both in an organised testing programme and in unorganised, clinical testing. An active offer of testing is not enough to achieve socioeconomic equality in the early detection of prostate cancer.
Smoking prevalence among adults in China Mainland and their age of smoking initiation during adolescence: a national cross-sectional study
Authors: Deng Shumin , Li Hao , Zuo Wenjing , Liu Zifeng , Wu Yibo 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesThis study aims to calculate the national prevalence of smoking among Chinese adults and to describe the hazard of smoking initiation by age during their adolescence, as well as the disparities in sex, residence and age groups.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingThe data were derived from a multistage sampling study conducted in 120 cities in China Mainland.ParticipantsA total of 9963 participants aged ≥19 years were included.Primary outcome measuresSurvival analysis was used to quantify the hazards of smoking initiation by a single year of age during adolescence, and the log-rank test was used to compare the hazard curves across subgroups.ResultsThe prevalence of current smoking among males and females was 27.7% and 2.0%, respectively, and 56.2% of current smokers began smoking at or before the age of 18. The hazard of smoking initiation during adolescence for females was less than 0.5%, and the hazard for males increased gradually before 14 years of age and increased sharply at age 15 (4.34%), then peaked at age 18 (6.24%). Males in rural experienced a higher hazard of smoking initiation than those in urban (χ2=5.35, p=0.02) and no such difference was found in females. By the age of 18 years, 11.7% of participants (1.8% for females and 23.4% for males) had ever smoked.ConclusionsThe prevalence of smoking among Chinese adults was lower than once reported. Males experienced higher hazards of smoking initiation at all ages than females. The hazard pattern suggests that the key focus for smoking prevention are males and adolescents aged 15–18 years, and future interventions should be delivered to the right target population at the appropriate time.
Building a culture of safety in Australian residential aged care facilities: protocol for a longitudinal mixed methods research programme
Authors: Churruca Kate , Graham Jane , Ellis Louise A , Westbrook Johanna , Wabe Nasir , Hibbert Peter D , Ludlow Kristiana , Urwin Rachel , Meulenbroeks Isabelle , Thanigasalam Jey , Svaleng Ingerlise , Sardellis Jo-Ann , Braithwaite Jeffrey 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe quality and safety of care within residential aged care facilities (RACFs) have been linked to their organisational culture. However, evidence for understanding and improving culture in this setting is limited. This research programme aims to validate a survey to measure organisational culture and determine the relationship of culture with safety and quality of care, then to evaluate an organisational culture change programme in Australian RACFs.Methods and analysisThis is a longitudinal mixed methods programme of research conducted across four studies in collaboration with a national aged care provider that cares for more than 5000 residents:Study 1: Cross-sectional staff survey of organisational culture in >50 RACFs with concurrent collection of data on quality and safety of care, and staff outcomes, to explore their associations with culture.Study 2: Ethnographic fieldwork in eight RACFs sampled to achieve maximum variation. Data from interviews, observations and documents will be analysed to identify the underlying assumptions and how cultural assumptions influence the enactment of safety and quality.Study 3: Evaluation of the implementation of the Speak Up for Safety culture change programme, focusing on its contextualisation for RACFs, implementation determinants and outcomes. Data will be collected through semistructured interviews, complimented with secondary data from program training and feedback system usage.Study 4: Evaluation of the effectiveness of the culture change programme using baseline data from study 1 and a follow-up survey of organisational culture postimplementation to assess changes in organisational culture and staff behaviour.Ethics and disseminationThe study has received approval from the Macquarie University Human Research Ethics Committee. Informed consent will be sought from all participants. Findings will be disseminated through journal articles, conference presentations and reports to the collaborating provider and RACFs. Survey data will be deposited into a data repository for use by others working on related research.
Ruminal degradation and intestinal digestion of developed oat (Avena sativa L.) varieties in comparison with barley grain in dairy cows
Authors: Prates Luciana L. , Rodriguez Espinosa Maria E. , Feng Xin , Yu Peiqiang 
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the ruminal degradation and intestinal digestion of nutrients of two cultivars of oat grains (CDC Nasser and CDC Seabiscuit) in comparison with a barley grain (CDC Meredith that was considered the control treatment) in dairy cows. Nasser showed higher rumen undegradable protein (RUP; P < 0.01) and intestinal digestible protein ( P < 0.01) than Seabiscuit or control. However, the total digestible protein was not different among grain varieties ( P = 0.25). The in vitro intestinal digestibility of RUP (dIBP) for Nasser was higher than control ( P = 0.02); however, the dIBP in Seabiscuit did not differ from other cultivars. The intestinal digestible rumen bypass starch and total digestible starch were lower in the oat grain varieties than in the control ( P < 0.01). The truly absorbed protein supplied to the small intestine (DVE) was highest for control, intermediate for Seabiscuit, and lowest for Nasser ( P < 0.01). Moreover, control showed a higher estimated feed milk value than oat varieties ( P < 0.01). In conclusion, Seabiscuit shared similar rumen degradation and intestinal digestibility with control suggesting that Seabiscuit oat grain could in some extension replace barley grain in diets for dairy cows.
On the consistency of rapid-turn inflation
Authors: Anguelova Lilia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRecent studies, in the context of consistency conditions for rapid-turn and third order slow-roll inflation in two-field models, raised the question whether this regime can be sustained for more than a few e-folds of expansion. We answer this question in the affirmative by showing that the consistency conditions themselves ensure the longevity of the rapid-turn regime. Furthermore, we prove this for the most general definition of rapid turning (i.e., with a turning rate that is large compared to the slow-roll parameters, but not necessarily large compared to unity), using in the process a generalized consistency condition. We also show that a special class of rapid-turn models, including angular inflation, satisfy a large-(compared to 1)-turn-rate condition even for non-large turning rates.
Biomarkers and Prognostic Stratification of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity in Young Adults: How to Personalize Therapeutic Management?
Authors: Dubray-Vautrin Antoine , Rougier Guillaume , Le Tourneau Christophe , Ghanem Wahib , Badois Nathalie , Lesnik Maria , Sabran Baptiste , Bozec Laurence , Martin Joey , Choussy Olivier 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity in young adults represent a heterogeneous entity. New prognostic biomarkers are described in the literature. The aim of this review was to identify emerging biomarkers and prognostic stratification factors of young population. Clinical, biological, microbiological, histopathologic, and molecular markers statistically associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival and were validated in literature. Young adults &lt;40 years of age who were nonsmokers showed a marginally worse prognosis, whereas those &lt;30 years of age showed unfavorable prognosis compared with those with &gt;30 years of age. The high rate of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was associated with decreased 5-year disease-specific survival, PD-L1 expression correlated with improved OS and recurrence-free survival, and the presence of Fusobacterium and mutations in p53, cyclin D1, and VEGF were associated with reduced OS. Combining these markers in young adults with oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas should be used to adapt the intensification of therapy in addition to the tumor–node–metastasis classification and minor histoprognostic factors.
A Phase Ib Study of Linperlisib in the Treatment of Patients with Relapsed and/or Refractory Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Jin Jie , Cen Hong , Zhou Keshu , Xu Xiaohong , Li Fei , Wu Tao , Yang Haiyan , Wang Zhen , Li Zhiming , Huang Wenyang , Bao Hanying , Xu Zusheng , Qiu Lugui 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Relapsed and/or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (r/r PTCL) is an aggressive and heterogeneous hematologic malignancy with high unmet need. Previously, PI3K inhibitors were shown to be efficacious in B- and T-cell lymphomas, but as a drug class, these agents have frequently been observed to have tolerability limitations. Next-generation agents that improve the tolerability while maintaining efficacy are desirable.

Patients and Methods:
A phase Ib clinical study was conducted with the oral PI3K-delta isoform-selective small-molecule inhibitor, linperlisib, in patients with r/r PTCL, and the clinical benefit was explored by the evaluation of safety and efficacy.

Results:
In this clinical study, 43 patients with r/r PTCL in China were treated with continuous dosing of 80-mg linperlisib once a day. Treatment-related adverse events (AE) were manageable. The most frequently reported grade 3 AE were neutropenia (21%), pneumonia (11.6%), and hypertriglyceridemia (7%). All other AE were either absent or reported in &lt;5% of the patients. Linperlisib treatment for these patients with r/r PTCL, consisting of the major PTCL subtypes, was observed to have a 60.5% overall response rate with 35% complete responses and led to a median duration of response of 11.1 months, median progression-free survival of 11.8 months, and a median overall survival of &gt;38 months (not reached).

Conclusions:
With the very promising clinical activity against r/r PTCL, the results of this study support the further investigation of linperlisib for the treatment of r/r PTCL.
Anagrammatical Time: on the Grammar of Temporal Harm in the Afterlife of Slavery
Authors: Ferrari Martina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper, I argue that lived time is anagrammatical. Anagrammatical time is a time that lands differently along race/gender/class lines. Its sens – its grammar – is rearranged by the context of its unfolding, at times effecting temporal harm while, at others, offering paths for temporal freedom. After introducing the notion of anagrammatical in part 1, in part 2, I turn to Merleau-Ponty’s notions of Stiftung and virtuality to account for the “nestedness” of anagrammatical time. The past and present of anagrammatical time, I show, co-exist in the present diachronically. In part 3, I focus on temporal harm. I show how, in the context of the afterlife of slavery, the immemorial functions as a traumatic, compulsive-repetitive temporality, as a thief of time temporalizing with the felt necessity and determinacy of the future anterior. In part 4, I briefly turn to the temporal grammar of the “could have been” to think through temporal freedom.
Knowledges “In the Land”? A Process Phenomenological Reading of Deborah Bird Rose’s “Exploring an Aboriginal Land Ethic”
Authors: Kirkpatrick Andrew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Inspired by a (process) phenomenological reading of Deborah Bird Rose’s 1988 article “Exploring an Aboriginal Land Ethic,” and drawing on Merleau-Ponty’s claim that knowledge is “in the hands,” this paper explores the intersection of Merleau-Ponty’s embodied, process phenomenology and Indigenous Australian place-based ontologies. Rather than the moral demands or consequences of adopting an “Aboriginal land ethic,” the present paper is concerned with the ontological and epistemological – or, broadly speaking, the phenomenological – underpinnings of such a land ethic. Contra Rose’s claim that, in the Western tradition, we “have very little idea of what a non-human-centred cosmos looks like and how it can be thought to work,” it is argued that Merleau-Ponty’s fundamental thought provides us with a viable pathway towards a non-human-centred phenomenological ontology that, somewhat paradoxically, is nevertheless grounded in the lived body. It is suggested that such an approach is compatible with, and complimentary to, the traditional Indigenous Australian ways of being and knowing outlined by Rose.
Static Actors, Silent Singers
Authors: Gianvittorio-Ungar Laura 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Aeschylean actors could be silent and motionless on the stage for a notoriously long time. My paper reconsiders this curious phenomenon from two mutually related angles. First, it enquires into how spectacles of inactivity had to affect the overall musical and movement design of the plays in which they were originally embedded. Building on these findings, the paper then historicises how the iconic scenes quickly entered the theatrical repertoire and also changed with it through the fourth century BC. By the 430s, the actors’ displays of inactivity could still look quite identical to their Aeschylean archetypes, but they had been reassigned to minor characters, meaning to the second or third-best soloist. In this and other ways, fourth-century actors reused traditional elements of the repertoire by adapting them to the monodic trends of their day.
College for All and the Struggles to Make It Work: Community College Student Feedback Data on Obstacles to College Completion
Authors: Lackner Elisabeth 
Published: September 2024

Background/Context: There is a misalignment in contemporary society between the assumption that all high school graduates can and should attend college and the lack of funding and support to make that happen. This is especially apparent at community colleges that enroll disproportionally low-income students, who deal with a variety of obstacles including a lack of family support, academic issues, and financial struggles. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study: The aim of this project is to better understand the life circumstances that contribute to students dropping out of community college before completing a degree. Research Design: I surveyed community college students on precollege planning, in-college experiences, and reasons for leaving before earning a degree. I assessed the associations of these circumstances with dropping out, using Pearson Chi-square tests, and applied logistic regressions. Conclusion/Recommendations: Students who dropped out of college were less likely to discuss their college plans with their parents; they struggled academically and financially and found themselves isolated and without assistance more often than those who stayed.