bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foreign Scholars′ Theoretical Approaches to Using Social Networks as Educational Strategies
Authors: Pazyura Natalia 
Published: July 2017

Abstract Modern trends in development of information and communication technologies change many aspects in the process of education: from the role of participants to the forms and methods of knowledge delivery. ICTs make it possible to develop students′ creative potential. The emergence of online social groups was an important event in the sphere of communication but with time they began to be used by both teachers and students not only for communication, but also to achieve learning goals. Without any doubt, skillful use of social networks allows teachers to communicate with students at modern technological level, make classes more attractive and effective. An efficient teacher can prove that social networks are not only means of entertainment and communication with friends but are a working tool. The main aim of foreign language teaching is students′ communicative activity or practical use of a target language. The teacher is to activate every student’s activity in the process of learning, make situations for their creativity. The main objective of foreign language teaching is to educate an individual, who is able to communicate, continue education, including selfeducation. Different theories lay the basis for the study of social networks’ influence on different aspects of human activity and, particularly, education. The main theories are sociocultural theory and social constructivist theory. According to sociocultural theory, man is an integral part of the world they live in, so students are not independent in their activities. Social constructivist theory recognizes that students act in a certain environment, which under certain conditions enlarges their practical knowledge. These theories are focused on the effect of social interaction, language and culture in the learning process. Thus, theoretical basis proves positive effect of social networks, namely, they enhance substantial interaction in the educational environment of social groups as well as are directed at strengthening the values, exchange of opinions and experience with a practical orientation.
Educating Educators and Teachers in Poland under Conditions of Neo-Liberal Culture of Consumption
Authors: Jankowska Dorota 
Published: July 2017

Abstract The presented text discusses the problems of academic and teacher education under conditions of consumption culture and neoliberal ideology development at the beginning of the 21st century in Poland. The article puts the thesis that neo-liberalism, manifested by economic phenomena, permeates all spheres of social life, enhancing the characteristics of consumption culture. It enters education, including academic education. In this context, there has been shown a part of our research conducted in 2006-2016 (27 interviews in depth with students completing Master’s degree in Pedagogy). The research has taken the form of semantic reconstruction of statements made on studies and pedagogical training, expressed by students during in-depth interviews (IDI). During the research study the leading categories have been defined, which set the main perspectives for thinking about study. Within these perspectives, the student’s goals of study have been identified and more detailed profiles of perceiving pedagogical studies have been defined. The comparative analysis of the IDI narratives of 2006 and 2016 allows us to see phenomena that can be interpreted as indicating that pedagogy students are increasingly taking over the market thinking, acting more explicitly as customers of educational services, presenting a utilitarian attitude to study.
Professional Training of Marketing Specialists: Foreign Experience
Authors: Zakharchenko Yuliia 
Published: July 2017

Abstract Due to content-based analysis of marketing specialists′ professional training and approaches to development of their educational trajectory, it has been revealed that curricula and their content are given much attention by employers whose demands are focused on meeting current labour market conditions. It has been justified that despite the existing differences various approaches to forming future specialists′ educational trajectory have one thing in common, i.e., an undeniable connection with employers′ demands. The employers′ impact is found at such stages as forming the content of curricula (particular disciplines) and monitoring quality of graduate knowledge gained in higher education institutions. This approach creates certain advantages as for quality performance of universities, correspondence of their curricula with relevant requirements of the labour market. However, most employers usually have little interest in predicting strategic development of the market. It has been proved that content saturation of curricula ensuring adjustment to current labour market conditions concurrently suppresses specialists′ rapid adaptation to different scenarios of the future. Special attention has been paid to expediency of specialists′ generalized training that provides them with some autonomy needed to implement their professional competences in the course of further development of the labour market.
The Training of Qualified Specialists in the Countries of the Black Sea Region in the Context of Globalization Education Processes
Authors: Sheludko Inna 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The article presents the trends in higher education development in the countries of the Black Sea region, namely, historical, methodological, methodical and technological, which determine the objective and subjective connections and relationships that are common to the system of higher pedagogical education of the countries under study and define persistent pursuit of modernization and transformation of the nature, content, structure, functions, ways of management approaches to the education process, forms, methods, tools and techniques of teaching students. The trends in the public-authoritarian model of higher education have been revealed. It has been found out that the leading trend in Ukraine and other countries of the Black Sea is the governance and financing of future teachers with appropriate management functions and control that significantly affects the organizational structure of higher education. The features of a modern system of higher pedagogical education in the Black Sea region are the system of higher education institutions; main directions of modern reforms in higher education; functioning of leading universities that prepare teachers, their types, characteristics of structural units, students. According to the areas in development of higher pedagogical education in the Black Sea region, we have divided the trends into four groups: historical, methodological, methodical, technological, that are top priority for education systems.
Dual Education as the Peculiarity of Specialized Training of Nursing Personnel in Germany
Authors: Oleskova Halyna 
Published: July 2017

Abstract Specialized training of nursing personnel in Ukraine is being reformed presently. Quality specialized training of nursing personnel is a prerequisite for successful functioning of the health care system in general. In this regard, the article describes dual education system in Germany where educators have accumulated valuable experience in specialized training of nursing personnel. It must be noted that dual education system is divided into theoretical and practical components, whereas theoretical component assumes out-service training and priority practical component - in-service training. In addition, such notions as “dual education”, “nursing personnel”, “professional training”, “specialized training” have been defined. The peculiarities of specialized training of geriatric nursing personnel, health and nursing professionals, health and pediatric nursing personnel have been considered. Special attention has been paid to the fact that new names for nursing professions linguistically highlight a more extensive approach to nursing. The role of practice mentoring in specialized training of nursing personnel has been justified. Based on theoretical analysis of references, it has been concluded that professional pedagogics being the most developed direction in Germany contributes to efficient organization of the education process and training of highly qualified specialists.
Influence of Genotype, Site, and Year on Maize Nutritive Value – Yield Relationships
Authors: Hakl J. , Loučka R. , Jirmanová J. , Jambor V. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Maize genotype selection represents a practical tool influencing forage yield and quality. The main objective was to investigate the contribution of genotype, site, and year to variability of maize yield and quality in the environment of Central Europe. Totally 63 maize genotypes at 11 sites over a 7-year period were evaluated for dry matter yield (DMY), dry matter content (DM), starch, cob, neutral detergent fibre (NDF), in situ digestibility of stover NDF (NDFD), and organic matter (OMD). The genotype showed the highest variability from all factors where stover NDFD varied from 261 to 529 g kg-1 and stover OMD from 376 to 609 g kg-1. In contrast to the whole-plant, variability of stover traits was more closely related to NDF than the DM content. Under standardized plant DM, all tested factors were significant and allowed interpretation of 70 and 60% of total variation of yield and quality for stover and whole plant, respectively. The average contributions of genotype, site, and year were 30, 7, and 5%, respectively. For variability in plant productivity and nutritive value, the importance of maize genotype selection was more than two times higher than the contribution of environment.
Réflexivité et énonciation dans le film The Hours
Authors: de Oliveira Taís 
Published: July 2017

RésuméLe film The Hours (Stephen Daldry 2002) est basé sur la vie et l’œuvre de Virginia Woolf. L’intertextualité qui le constitue met en cause le concept même d’intertextualité, ce qui institue un caractère méta intrinsèque au texte. A partir de la distinction proposée par Dondero entre réflexivité et métalangage, et celle proposée par Klinkenberg (2000) entre métasémiotique homosémiotique et métasémiotique hétérosémiotique, nous analysons le film The Hours avec l’objectif de montrer les mécanismes à travers lesquels il se constitue comme ‘méta’ et les effets de sens produits par cette caractéristique. Les concepts susmentionnés nous ont permis de comprendre comment l’œuvre réfléchit sur elle-même et sur le roman Mrs. Dalloway (Virginia Woolf 1925), sur lequel elle est basée. De plus, elle réfléchit aussi sur le processus créatif de Woolf. La notion d’énonciation énoncée nous sera aussi utile : elle nous permettra de déceler les processus de dédoublement de l’œuvre, qui imite, à l’intérieur de l’énoncé, aussi bien son acte de production que celui de sa réception en représentant les acteurs de l’énonciation à travers les acteurs de l’énoncé.
Aspects of sexual reproduction in rare monoecious Populus nigra var. nigra trees
Authors: Novotná K. , Štochlová P. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIndividuals of the genus Populus are mostly dioecious, although deviations from strict dioecism occasionally occur. The aim of this study was to determine whether six, rare monoecious Populus nigra var. nigra trees, identified in trial plots, were fertile and capable of sexually reproducing. Controlled pollinations were carried out and compared with the results of open pollination. Viable seeds were obtained from all combinations of pollination possibilities, suggesting these monoecious trees could be used as either male or female parent and were self-fertile. However, no individuals produced by selfpollination were found among the offspring from openpollinated, monoecious trees. The parentage of some of the crosses was verified using microsatellite markers. The germination energy (GE) and germination capacity (GC) were in most cases higher for seeds produced from controlled pollinations than from open pollination. Furthermore, GE and GC were both higher when pollen from the monoecious trees was used. An association between GE and GC rates on the one hand, and the pollination method and year it took place on the other, was found in most crosses made. This study extends knowledge of the reproductive biology of P. nigra that could be utilized in conservation genetic of this endangered allogamous species.
Short Note: Development and characterization of 16 new polymorphic microsatellite loci for Schima superba (Theaceae)
Authors: Niu Hong-Yu , Ye Wan-Hui , Wang Zheng-Feng , Chen Ying , Cao Hong-Lin , Wu Lin-Fang , Wang Zhang-Ming 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Schima superba is a common dominant tree species in evergreen broad-leaved forest in subtropical China. Despite its multiple usages in wood industry, reforestation and traditional Chinese medicine, its genetic diversity is poorly studied. To help studying its genetic diversity and structure in the future, after microsatellite enrichment and screening, we identified 16 microsatellites in S. superba. These markers showed polymorphism in three populations. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 3 to 32 with a mean of 14. Within populations, the observed and unbiased expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.048 to 0.926 and from 0.048 to 0.949, respectively. The newly developed 16 microsatellites will be useful for investigating the genetic diversity and structure from large scale patterns to fine-scale structures in this species.
Genetic status of Norway spruce (Picea abies) breeding populations for northern Sweden
Authors: Androsiuk P. , Shimono A. , Westin J. , Lindgren D. , Fries A. , Wang X.-R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractEfficient use of any breeding resources requires a good understanding of the genetic value of the founder breeding materials for predicting the gain and diversity in future generations. This study evaluates the distribution of genetic variation and level of relatedness among and within nine breeding populations of Norway spruce for Northern Sweden using nuclear microsatellite markers. A sample set of 456 individuals selected from 140 stands were genotyped with 15 SSR loci. Over all loci each individual was identified with unique multilocus genotype. High genetic diversity (average He=0.820) and low population differentiation (FST=0.0087) characterized this material. Although low in FST, the two northernmost populations were clustered as a distinct group diverged from the central populations. The population differentiation pattern corresponds well with the post glacial migration history of Norway spruce and the current gene flow and human activity in the region. The average inbreeding coefficient was 0.084 after removal loci with high frequency of null alleles. The estimated relatedness of the trees gathered in the breeding populations was very low (average kinship coefficient 0.0077) and not structured. The high genetic variation and low and not structured relatedness between individuals found in the breeding populations confirm that the Norway spruce breeding stock for northern Sweden represent valuable genetic resources for both long-term breeding and conservation programs.
Genetic analysis and clonal stability of two yellow cypress clonal populations in British Columbia
Authors: Baltunis B. S. , Russell J. H. , Niejenhuis A.Van , Barker J. , El-Kassaby Y. A. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Genetic analysis of height and form at age 12 years of 697 yellow cypress (Callitropsis nootkatensis [D. Don] Oerst.) clones tested across seven sites in coastal British Columbia (BC) were explored in populations: Population 1 - No Pedigree and Population 2 - Reconstructed Pedigree. Genetic variances were statistically significant but generally higher σ̂g
2 was observed for Population 2. Height and form were under low to moderate genetic control as indicated by clonal repeatability and estimates were relatively similar between populations. For example, average Ĥ2 in Population 2 was 0.31 for height (range: 0.18-0.45) and 0.22 for form (range: 0.06-0.32). While average Ĥ2 in Population 1 was 0.25 for height (range: 0.19-0.35) and 0.18 for form (range: 0.09-0.27). The reconstructed pedigree in Population 2 allowed partitioning the genetic variance (σ̂g
2) into component parts of additive (σ̂a
2), specific combining ability (σ̂s
2 ), and clone (σ̂c
2 ); however, general lack of structure within the population resulted in variance components to be estimated with little precision for additive and specific combining ability. The majority of genetic variation was associated with clone for both traits. For example, σ̂c
2 accounted for 57.6% and 62.5% of the total genetic variance for height and form, respectively. Growth and form responses of clones across test environments were relatively stable and overall type-B genetic correlations were in excess of 0.8 for both traits implying clones selected for production populations should respond favorably across the seed planning zone for yellow cypress in coastal BC.
Isolation and characterization of chloroplast microsatellite markers in the invasive tree species Robinia pseudoacacia L.
Authors: Kimura M. K. , Lian C. , Hogetsu T. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Robinia pseudoacacia is one of the most problematic invasive alien species in Japan. Information on genetic diversity and population structure is urgently required in order to generate effective management strategies. To assist such efforts we have identified five chloroplast microsatellite (cpSSR) markers for R. pseudoacacia by amplifying noncording regions of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) using universal chloroplast primers. Among 857 individuals these cpSSR markers showed substantial polymorphism, with three to eight alleles per locus and gene diversity ranging from 0.387 to 0.713. These cpSSR makers will be useful for analyzing maternal lineages and population genetic structure of R. pseudo - acacia.
Identification of upregulated genes in laminarin-treated poplar (Populus alba × P. tremula var. glandulosa) suspension cells by suppression subtractive hybridization and cDNA microarray
Authors: Kim J-H. , Lee H. , Bae E-K. , Shin H. , Lee J-S. , Kang K-S. , Park S-Y. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Elicitors trigger defence responses in plant cells through signal transduction pathways, leading to accumulation of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins and, eventually, pathogen resistance. To understand defence responses of hybrid poplar (Populus alba × P. tremula var. glandulosa), we isolated and characterized upregulated genes in poplar cells by laminarin-induced elicitation using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and cDNA microarray approaches. A total of 1,269 clones in the SSH library were sequenced and a cDNA microarray, containing 265 unique subtracted clones, was fabricated. From the microarray results, 37 clones were found to be upregulated by laminarin treatment and their putative functions are discussed. Genes involved in signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, and phytohormone biosynthesis were upregulated. Other genes encoding PR proteins, peptidases, and an ABC transporter, as well as genes involved in lignification and protein synthesis and turnover, were also identified. Our results suggest that well-organized defence responses, from signal transduction to accumulation of PR proteins, are activated in poplar cells by laminarininduced elicitation and could contribute to resistance against pathogens.
Genetic Variation in Wood Property and Growth of Taiwania (Taiwania cryptomerioides Hayata)
Authors: Chung Jeng-Der , Chiu Chih-Ming , Nigh Gordon , Chien Ching-Te , Ying Cheng C. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The genetic variation in wood property and growth of Taiwania (Taiwania cryptomerioides) was investigated at two test sites in the same general location, but one at 1200 m (LK20) and another at 1900 m (LK24). A rangewide sample of 48 open-pollinated families in Taiwan was involved. The test plantations were 16 years old when the wood property data were collected. Traits studied include wood specific gravity, tracheid length, ring width. DBH at ages13, 16, and 22 and height at age 13 were also analyzed. Site environment had a dominant effect on growth and wood density, but showed little interaction with family. The site effect was evident in large between-site differences in means, range of family means, and size of family variance components and heritability estimates. These differences are attributable to the site characteristics of LK24 (high elevation, upper slope near a mountain crest) and an unfavourable local climate. Taiwania is fast growing and produces quality wood, and is also an interesting species from the perspective of evolutionary biology. Protection of its genetic variability should be a priority to be managed. We propose that the existing five progeny tests be protected since these tests well-represent the genetic variability of the species in Taiwan.
Genetic parameters and efficiency of early selection for half rotation-aged growth and form traits in Pinus taeda in China
Authors: Yang Huixiao , Liu Tianyi , Liu Chunxin , Wang Jinbang , Chen Kaer , Zhong Weihua , Chen Bingquan , Huang Shaowei 
Published: July 2017

AbstractGenetic parameters for height (H), diameter at breast height (DBH), stem straightness (STR), and under crown clear bole height (CH) of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) were estimated for 255 families (209 open pollinated (OP) and 46 controlled pollinated (CP) families) using a family model and an individual tree model at age 1, 2, 3, 5, 11, and 15 years. Heritability estimates for growth traits of individual trees at age 11 years were the highest (0.17-0.78), and those at age 15 years were the lowest (0.05-0.74). Heritability estimates for DBH, STR, and CH were lower than those for H. Genetic correlations between H and DBH were generally strongly positive, attained a maximum values at age 2 to 3, and declined slightly thereafter. The genetic correlations between CH at age 11 and both H and DBH at different ages were moderate. Age-age genetic correlations for growth traits were moderate to high (0.56-0.91) at age 5 for half-rotation age (15 years), indicating the opportunity exists for early selection. Indirect selection from the age 5 to 11 years for H and DBH could be expected to produce gains of over 50% and 35% respectively, for these two ages, relative to direct selection at age 15. Efficiencies of early selection for H and DBH indicated that growth at maturity could be improved by early selection.
Optimal Response-Related Weighting Matrices to Control Semi-Active Base Isolation Systems
Authors: Dadkhah Hamed , Noruzvand Mahsa 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In this paper, the performance of a semi-active base isolation system, including a magneto-rheological (MR) damper and base isolation system for different combinations of response-related weighting matrices, has been studied. To consider all possible sets of response-related matrices, seven H2/linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control designs have been considered. For a numerical simulation, a six-story shear frame has been subjected to different earthquakes, and the performance of the control system has been evaluated. The results show that the optimal force-related weighting parameter is identical for different sets of response-related weighting matrices and is also independent of earthquake records when minimizing the maximum base drift is considered as the design objective. Also, the results of different sets of response-related weighting matrices show that the optimal sets for the design objective of minimizing the maximum base drift are the velocity and displacement/velocity-related weighting matrices.