bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Restoration of clipped seismic waveforms using projection onto convex sets method
Authors: Zhang Jinhai , Hao Jinlai , Zhao Xu , Wang Shuqin , Zhao Lianfeng , Wang Weimin , Yao Zhenxing 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe seismic waveforms would be clipped when the amplitude exceeds the upper-limit dynamic range of seismometer. Clipped waveforms are typically assumed not useful and seldom used in waveform-based research. Here, we assume the clipped components of the waveform share the same frequency content with the un-clipped components. We leverage this similarity to convert clipped waveforms to true waveforms by iteratively reconstructing the frequency spectrum using the projection onto convex sets method. Using artificially clipped data we find that statistically the restoration error is ~1% and ~5% when clipped at 70% and 40% peak amplitude, respectively. We verify our method using real data recorded at co-located seismometers that have different gain controls, one set to record large amplitudes on scale and the other set to record low amplitudes on scale. Using our restoration method we recover 87 out of 93 clipped broadband records from the 2013 Mw6.6 Lushan earthquake. Estimating that we recover 20 clipped waveforms for each M5.0+ earthquake, so for the ~1,500 M5.0+ events that occur each year we could restore ~30,000 clipped waveforms each year, which would greatly enhance useable waveform data archives. These restored waveform data would also improve the azimuthal station coverage and spatial footprint.
Organic Redox Species in Aqueous Flow Batteries: Redox Potentials, Chemical Stability and Solubility
Authors: Wedege Kristina , Dražević Emil , Konya Denes , Bentien Anders 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOrganic molecules are currently investigated as redox species for aqueous low-cost redox flow batteries (RFBs). The envisioned features of using organic redox species are low cost and increased flexibility with respect to tailoring redox potential and solubility from molecular engineering of side groups on the organic redox-active species. In this paper 33, mainly quinone-based, compounds are studied experimentially in terms of pH dependent redox potential, solubility and stability, combined with single cell battery RFB tests on selected redox pairs. Data shows that both the solubility and redox potential are determined by the position of the side groups and only to a small extent by the number of side groups. Additionally, the chemical stability and possible degradation mechanisms leading to capacity loss over time are discussed. The main challenge for the development of all-organic RFBs is to identify a redox pair for the positive side with sufficiently high stability and redox potential that enables battery cell potentials above 1 V.
Endogenous programmed death ligand-1 restrains the development and onset of Sjӧgren’s syndrome in non-obese diabetic mice
Authors: Zhou Jing , Jin Jun-O. , Kawai Toshihisa , Yu Qing 
Published: December 2016

AbstractProgrammed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) down-modulates various immune responses by engaging the co-inhibitory receptor programmed death-1. Expression of PD-L1 and programmed death-1 is elevated in the salivary glands of patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). The objective of this study is to define the role of endogenous PD-L1 in SS pathogenesis in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of this disease. We inhibited endogenous PD-L1 function by intraperitoneal administration of a blocking antibody to 6 week-old female NOD/ShiLtJ mice repeatedly during a 9-day period. PD-L1 blockade accelerated leukocyte infiltration and caspase-3 activation in the submandibular gland (SMG), production of antinuclear and anti-M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3R) autoantibodies and impairment of saliva secretion, indicative of accelerated development and onset of SS. The effect of PD-L1 blockade was associated with increased T- and B cells and T helper 1 cytokine IFN-γ in the SMG. Local administration of exogenous IFN-γ to the SMG led to impaired salivary secretion accompanied by down-regulation of aquaporin 5 and an increase in anti-M3R autoantibodies. Conversely, neutralization of IFN-γ markedly improved salivary secretion and aquaporin 5 expression in anti-PD-L1-treated NOD/ShiLtJ mice. Hence, endogenous PD-L1 hinders the development and onset of SS in NOD mice, in part by suppressing IFN-γ production.
Anesthesia and brain sensory processing: impact on neuronal responses in a female songbird
Authors: Karino G. , George I. , Loison L. , Heyraud C. , De Groof G. , Hausberger M. , Cousillas H. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWhether anesthesia impacts brain sensory processing is a highly debated and important issue. There is a general agreement that anesthesia tends to diminish neuronal activity, but its potential impact on neuronal “tuning” is still an open question. Here we show, based on electrophysiological recordings in the primary auditory area of a female songbird, that anesthesia induces neuronal responses towards biologically irrelevant sounds and prevents the seasonal neuronal tuning towards functionally relevant species-specific song elements.
Boosting Adaptive Immunity: A New Role for PAFR Antagonists
Authors: Koga Marianna M. , Bizzarro Bruna , Sá-Nunes Anderson , Rios Francisco J. , Jancar Sonia 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe have previously shown that the Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor (PAFR) engagement in murine macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) promotes a tolerogenic phenotype reversed by PAFR-antagonists treatment in vitro. Here, we investigated whether a PAFR antagonist would modulate the immune response in vivo. Mice were subcutaneously injected with OVA or OVA with PAFR-antagonist WEB2170 on days 0 and 7. On day 14, OVA–specific IgG2a and IgG1 were measured in the serum. The presence of WEB2170 during immunization significantly increased IgG2a without affecting IgG1 levels. When WEB2170 was added to OVA in complete Freund’s adjuvant, enhanced IgG2a but not IgG1 production was also observed, and CD4+ FoxP3+ T cell frequency in the spleen was reduced compared to mice immunized without the antagonist. Similar results were observed in PAFR-deficient mice, along with increased Tbet mRNA expression in the spleen. Additionally, bone marrow-derived DCs loaded with OVA were transferred into naïve mice and their splenocytes were co-cultured with fresh OVA-loaded DCs. CD4+ T cell proliferation was higher in the group transferred with DCs treated with the PAFR-antagonist. We propose that the activation of PAFR by ligands present in the site of immunization is able to fine-tune the adaptive immune response.
A novel chemiluminescence sensor for sensitive detection of cholesterol based on the peroxidase-like activity of copper nanoclusters
Authors: Xu Shuangjiao , Wang Yanqin , Zhou Dayun , Kuang Meng , Fang Dan , Yang Weihua , Wei Shoujun , Ma Lei 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA sensitive and selective chemiluminescence (CL) sensor based on the peroxidase-like activity of copper nanoclusters was established for the detection of cholesterol. Copper nanoclusters catalyse the CL reaction between luminol and H2O2. Because H2O2 is the oxidative product of cholesterol in the presence of cholesterol oxidase, the oxidation of cholesterol can be quantitatively converted to a CL response by combining the two reactions. The proposed method is simple and can be completed in a few minutes with high sensitivity. Under the optimal conditions, the CL intensity was proportional to the concentration of cholesterol over a wide range of 0.05–10 mM, with a detection limit of 1.5 μM. Furthermore, the method was successfully applied to determine cholesterol in milk powder and human serum with satisfactory accuracy and precision. This method expands the applications of nano-mimic enzymes in the field of CL-based sensors.
Design and evaluation of primers targeting genes encoding NO-forming nitrite reductases: implications for ecological inference of denitrifying communities
Authors: Bonilla-Rosso Germán , Wittorf Lea , Jones Christopher M. , Hallin Sara 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe detection of NO-forming nitrite reductase genes (nir) has become the standard when studying denitrifying communities in the environment, despite well-known amplification biases in available primers. We review the performance of 35 published and 121 newly designed primers targeting the nirS and nirK genes, against sequences from complete genomes and 47 metagenomes from three major habitats where denitrification is important. There were no optimal universal primer pairs for either gene, although published primers targeting nirS displayed up to 75% coverage. The alternative is clade-specific primers, which show a trade-off between coverage and specificity. The test against metagenomic datasets showed a distinct performance of primers across habitats. The implications of clade-specific nir primers choice and their performance for ecological inference when used for quantitative estimates and in sequenced-based community ecology studies are discussed and our phylogenomic primer evaluation can be used as a reference along with their environmental specificity as a guide for primer selection. Based on our results, we also propose a general framework for primer evaluation that emphasizes the testing of coverage and phylogenetic range using full-length sequences from complete genomes, as well as accounting for environmental range using metagenomes. This framework serves as a guideline to simplify primer performance comparisons while explicitly addressing the limitations and biases of the primers evaluated.
Divergent topological architecture of the default mode network as a pretreatment predictor of early antidepressant response in major depressive disorder
Authors: Hou Zhenghua , Wang Zan , Jiang Wenhao , Yin Yingying , Yue Yingying , Zhang Yuqun , Song Xiaopeng , Yuan Yonggui 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIdentifying a robust pretreatment neuroimaging marker would be helpful for the selection of an optimal therapy for major depressive disorder (MDD). We recruited 82 MDD patients [n = 42 treatment-responsive depression (RD) and n = 40 non-responding depression (NRD)] and 50 healthy controls (HC) for this study. Based on the thresholded partial correlation matrices of 58 specific brain regions, a graph theory approach was applied to analyse the topological properties. When compared to HC, both RD and NRD patients exhibited a lower nodal degree (Dnodal) in the left anterior cingulate gyrus; as for RD, the Dnodalof the left superior medial orbitofrontal gyrus was significantly reduced, but the right inferior orbitofrontal gyrus was increased (allP < 0.017, FDR corrected). Moreover, the nodal degree in the right dorsolateral superior frontal cortex (SFGdor) was significantly lower in RD than in NRD. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that the λ and nodal degree in the right SFGdor exhibited a good ability to distinguish nonresponding patients from responsive patients, which could serve as a specific maker to predict an early response to antidepressants. The disrupted topological configurations in the present study extend the understanding of pretreatment neuroimaging predictors for antidepressant medication.
Surfactin inducing mitochondria-dependent ROS to activate MAPKs, NF-κB and inflammasomes in macrophages for adjuvant activity
Authors: Gan Ping , Gao Zhenqiu , Zhao Xiuyun , Qi Gaofu 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSurfactin, a natural lipopeptide, can be used both as parenteral and non-parenteral adjuvant for eliciting immune response. However, the mechanisms that confer its adjuvant properties have not been fully explored. By staining with NHS-Rhodamine B labeled surfactin and Mito-Tracker Green, we found surfactin could penetrate into macrophages to bind with mitochondria, following induce ROS that could be inhibited by mitochondria-dependent ROS inhibitor. ROS enhanced p38 MAPK and JNK expression, as well their phorsphorylation, following activated NF-κB nuclear translocation in macrophages that was obviously inhibited by mitochondria-dependent ROS inhibitor. However, inhibition of ROS production only weakened p38 MAPK and JNK expression, but not their phosphorylation in macrophages. As a result, surfaction could activate NF-κB to release TNF-α by the mitochondria-dependent ROS signalling pathway. ROS also induced macrophages apoptosis to release endogenous danger signals, following activated inflammasomes of NLRP1, NLRP3, IPAF and AIM2 in vitro and only NLRP1 in vivo, as well caspase-1 and IL-1 in macrophages, which were significantly inhibited by pre-treatment with ROS inhibitors. Collectively, surfactin as a kind of non-pathogen-associated molecular patterns, modulates host innate immunity by multiple signalling pathways, including induction of mitochondria-dependent ROS, activating MAPKs and NF-κB, and inducing cell apoptosis to realease endogenous danger signals for activation of inflammasomes.
Syntactic Versus Memory Accounts of the Sentence Comprehension Deficits of Specific Language Impairment: Looking Back, Looking Ahead
Authors: Montgomery James W. , Gillam Ronald B. , Evans Julia L. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
Compared with same-age typically developing peers, school-age children with specific language impairment (SLI) exhibit significant deficits in spoken sentence comprehension. They also demonstrate a range of memory limitations. Whether these 2 deficit areas are related is unclear. The present review article aims to (a) review 2 main theoretical accounts of SLI sentence comprehension and various studies supporting each and (b) offer a new, broader, more integrated memory-based framework to guide future SLI research, as we believe the available evidence favors a memory-based perspective of SLI comprehension limitations.

Method
We reviewed the literature on the sentence comprehension abilities of English-speaking children with SLI from 2 theoretical perspectives.

Results
The sentence comprehension limitations of children with SLI appear to be more fully captured by a memory-based perspective than by a syntax-specific deficit perspective.

Conclusions
Although a memory-based view appears to be the better account of SLI sentence comprehension deficits, this view requires refinement and expansion. Current memory-based perspectives of adult sentence comprehension, with proper modification, offer SLI investigators new, more integrated memory frameworks within which to study and better understand the sentence comprehension abilities of children with SLI.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14963949
Optical and adsorption properties of mesoporous SiO2/Zn2SiO4:Eu3+ hollow nanospheres
Authors: Dai Peng , Sun You‐Quan , Bao Zhi‐Wei , Zhu Jin , Wu Ming‐Zai 
Published: December 2016

Mesoporous SiO2/Zn2SiO4:Eu3+ hollow nanospheres were successfully synthesised via the combination of layer‐by‐layer and combustion technique. The structures and morphologies of as‐obtained SiO2/Zn2SiO4:Eu3+ nanospheres were investigated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms techniques. SiO2/Zn2SiO4:Eu3+ nanospheres can be tested as adsorbents to remove heavy metal ions, which showed good adsorption capacity and selectively adsorption especially for Pb2+ and Cu2+ than Cd2+. The optical properties studies of as‐synthesised samples showed that mesoporous SiO2/Zn2SiO4:Eu3+ hollow nanospheres had strong red emission around 618 nm, and the optimal loading dosage of Eu3+ was determined. Moreover, the mesoporous SiO2/Zn2SiO4:Eu3+ hollow nanospheres could offer cell optical imaging by conventional fluorescence with 543 nm excitation.
Atmospheric tides in Earth-like planets
Authors: Auclair-Desrotour P. , Laskar J. , Mathis S. 
Published: December 2016

Context.Atmospheric tides can strongly affect the rotational dynamics of planets. In the family of Earth-like planets, which includes Venus, this physical mechanism coupled with solid tides makes the angular velocity evolve over long timescales and determines the equilibrium configurations of their spin.Aims.Unlike the solid core, the atmosphere of a planet is subject to both tidal gravitational potential and insolation flux coming from the star. The complex response of the gas is intrinsically linked to its physical properties. This dependence has to be characterized and quantified for application to the wide variety of extrasolar planetary systems.Methods.We develop a theoretical global model where radiative losses, which are predominant in slowly rotating atmospheres, are taken into account. We analytically compute the perturbation of pressure, density, temperature, and velocity field caused by a thermogravitational tidal perturbation. From these quantities, we deduce the expressions of atmospheric Love numbers and tidal torque exerted on the fluid shell by the star. The equations are written for the general case of a thick envelope and the simplified one of a thin isothermal atmosphere.Results.The dynamics of atmospheric tides depends on the frequency regime of the tidal perturbation: the thermal regime near synchronization and the dynamical regime characterizing fast-rotating planets. Gravitational and thermal perturbations imply different responses of the fluid, i.e. gravitational tides and thermal tides, which are clearly identified. The dependence of the torque on the tidal frequency is quantified using the analytic expressions of the model for Earth-like and Venus-like exoplanets and is in good agreement with the results given by global climate models (GCM) simulations.Introducing dissipative processes such as radiation regularizes the tidal response of the atmosphere, otherwise it is singular at synchronization.Conclusions.We demonstrate the important role played by the physical and dynamical properties of a super-Earth atmosphere (e.g. Coriolis, stratification, basic pressure, density, temperature, radiative emission) in its response to a tidal perturbation.  We point out the key parameters defining tidal regimes (e.g. inertia, Brunt-Väisälä, radiative frequencies, tidal frequency) and characterize the behaviour of the fluid shell in the dissipative regime, which cannot be studied without considering the radiative losses.
Reducing future fears by suppressing the brain mechanisms underlying episodic simulation
Authors: Benoit Roland G. , Davies Daniel J. , Anderson Michael C. 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Humans possess the remarkable ability to recombine details of divergent memories into imaginings of future events. Such imaginings are useful, for example, because they foster planning and motivate farsighted decisions. Importantly, recurrently imagining feared situations can also undermine our well-being and may even contribute to the development of anxiety. Here, we demonstrate that fearful imaginings about the future can be inhibited by neural mechanisms that help to suppress the past. Importantly, suppression reduces later apprehensiveness about the feared events, a benefit that was diminished in individuals with greater trait anxiety. This pattern suggests that the observed inhibition mechanism serves to control people’s future fears and its disruption may foster psychological disorders characterized by intrusive prospective thoughts.
Twist of generalized skyrmions and spin vortices in a polariton superfluid
Authors: Donati Stefano , Dominici Lorenzo , Dagvadorj Galbadrakh , Ballarini Dario , De Giorgi Milena , Bramati Alberto , Gigli Giuseppe , Rubo Yuri G. , Szymańska Marzena Hanna , Sanvitto Daniele 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Spin vortices and skyrmions are topological states in exotic phases of matter such as superconductors and superfluids. In these complex states, the spin and orbital angular momentum are both quantized and mixed, resulting in variegated polarization textures. Here we create these composite states in a fluid made of light and matter quasi-particles, polaritons, and demonstrate their reshaping in ultrafast time scales. To describe these dynamics we propose the idea of generalized vortices, a fundamental concept in topology that can be relevant also for applications in the fields of quantum fluids, spintronics, and optical polarization shaping.
Conservation of coevolving protein interfaces bridges prokaryote–eukaryote homologies in the twilight zone
Authors: Rodriguez-Rivas Juan , Marsili Simone , Juan David , Valencia Alfonso 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Interacting proteins tend to coevolve through interdependent changes at the interaction interface. This phenomenon leads to patterns of coordinated mutations that can be exploited to systematically predict contacts between interacting proteins in prokaryotes. We explore the hypothesis that coevolving contacts at protein interfaces are preferentially conserved through long evolutionary periods. We demonstrate that coevolving residues in prokaryotes identify interprotein contacts that are particularly well conserved in the corresponding structure of their eukaryotic homologues. Therefore, these contacts have likely been important to maintain protein–protein interactions during evolution. We show that this property can be used to reliably predict interacting residues between eukaryotic proteins with homologues in prokaryotes even if they are very distantly related in sequence.
Expressing generic and transitory opinions in Greek
Authors: Bimpikou Sofia 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This paper investigates the semantics of the Greek subjective attitude verbs vrisko (‘find’) and theoro (‘consider’). I present data from Greek where both verbs embed small clauses including evaluative adjectives (‘tasty’, ‘attractive’) and I develop a tentative analysis for each verb following Sæbø’s (2009) account of find and Chierchia’s (1995) analysis for generic predicates. I propose that: a) vrisko is a stage-level subjective verb expressing transitory opinions about objects of evaluation as viewed within a particular experience situation; b) theoro is an individual-level subjective verb expressing generic opinions about objects of evaluation as realised across various experience situations. This approach explains the observed contrasts between the two verbs. Moreover, it shows that the individual- and stage- level distinction is manifested in attitude verbs and that language employs distinct verbs depending on how an object of evaluation is viewed by the relevant judge.
On the heat transfer to constant-property laminar boundary layer with power-function free-stream velocity and wall-temperature distributions
Authors: Imai Isao 
Published: December 2016

The heat transfer to constant-property laminar boundary layer with power-function variations of free stream velocity

(

u
1

=
c

x
m

)

({u_1} = c{x^m})

and of temperature difference between wall and free stream

(

T
0

−

T
1

=
b

x
n

)

({T_0} - {T_1} = b{x^n})

is studied by means of an improved version of the WKB method developed by the author. It is found that the local heat-transfer coefficient

h
h

can be approximately given in the form
\[

h
x

/

k

(

u
1

x

/

v

)

1

/

2

=

1

(

2
−
β

)

1

/

2

[

Γ

(

2

/

3

)

3

2

/

3

Γ

(

4

/

3

)

{

1
2

+
n

(

2
−
β

)

}

1

/

3

(

σ
α

)

1

/

3

−

β

10
α

]

,

\frac {{hx/k}}{{{{\left ( {{u_1}x/v} \right )}^{1/2}}}} = \frac {1}{{{{\left ( {2 - \beta } \right )}^{1/2}}}}\left [ {\frac {{\Gamma \left ( {2/3} \right )}}{{{3^{2/3}}\Gamma \left ( {4/3} \right )}}{{\left \{ {\frac {1}{2} + n\left ( {2 - \beta } \right )} \right \}}^{1/3}}{{\left ( {\sigma \alpha } \right )}^{1/3}} - \frac {\beta }{{10\alpha }}} \right ],

\]
where

β
=
2
m

/

(
m
+
1
)

\beta = 2m/(m + 1)

,

α
\alpha

is the non-dimensional velocity gradient at the wall (usually expressed as

α
=
f
(
0
)

\alpha = f(0)

),

σ
\sigma

is the Prandtl number,

k
k

is the thermal conductivity, and

v
v

is the kinematic viscosity.