bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations Between Cardiac Troponin, Mechanism of Myocardial Injury, and Long‐Term Mortality After Noncardiac Vascular Surgery
Authors: Reed Grant W. , Horr Samuel , Young Laura , Clevenger Joshua , Malik Umair , Ellis Stephen G. , Lincoff A. Michael , Nissen Steven E. , Menon Venu 
Published: June 2017

Background
The time‐sensitive hazard of perioperative cardiac troponin T (cTnT) elevation and whether long‐term mortality differs by mechanism of myocardial injury are poorly understood.

Methods and Results

In this observational study of 12 882 patients who underwent noncardiac vascular surgery, patients were assessed for cTnT sampling within 96 hours postoperatively. Mortality out to 5‐years was stratified by cTnT level and mechanism of myocardial injury. During a median follow‐up of 26.9 months, there were 2149 (16.7%) deaths. By multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis, there was a graded increase in mortality with any detectable cTnT compared to <0.01 ng/mL; cTnT 0.01 to 0.029 ng/mL hazard ratio (HR) 1.54 (95% CI 1.18–2.00,
P
=0.002), 0.03 to 0.099 ng/mL HR 1.86 (95% CI 1.49–2.31,
P
<0.001), 0.10 to 0.399 ng/mL HR 1.83 (95% CI 1.46–2.31,
P
<0.001), ≥0.40 ng/mL HR 2.62 (95% CI 2.06–3.32,
P
<0.001). Mortality for each mechanism of injury was greater than for patients with normal cTnT; baseline cTnT elevation HR 1.71 (95% CI 1.31–2.24;
P
<0.001), Type 2 myocardial infarction HR 1.88 (95% CI 1.57–2.24;
P
<0.001), Type 1 MI HR 2.56 (95% CI 2.56, 1.82–3.60;
P
<0.001). On Kaplan–Meier analysis, long‐term survival did not differ between mechanisms. The hazard of mortality was greatest within the first 10 months postsurgery. Consistent results were obtained in confirmatory propensity‐score matched analyses.

Conclusions
Any detectable cTnT ≥0.01 ng/mL is associated with increased long‐term mortality after vascular surgery. This risk is greatest within the first 10 months postoperatively. While short‐term mortality is greatest with Type 1 myocardial infarction, long‐term mortality appears independent of the mechanism of injury.
Stunning and Right Ventricular Dysfunction Is Induced by Coronary Balloon Occlusion and Rapid Pacing in Humans: Insights From Right Ventricular Conductance Catheter Studies
Authors: Axell Richard G. , Giblett Joel P. , White Paul A. , Klein Andrew , Hampton‐Til James , O'Sullivan Michael , Braganza Denise , Davies William R. , West Nick E. J. , Densem Cameron G. , Hoole Stephen P. 
Published: June 2017

Background

We sought to determine whether right ventricular stunning could be detected after supply (during coronary balloon occlusion [
BO
]) and supply/demand ischemia (induced by rapid pacing [
RP
] during transcatheter aortic valve replacement) in humans.

Methods and Results

Ten subjects with single‐vessel right coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with normal ventricular function were studied in the
BO
group. Ten subjects undergoing transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement were studied in the
RP
group. In both, a conductance catheter was placed into the right ventricle, and pressure volume loops were recorded at baseline and for intervals over 15 minutes after a low‐pressure
BO
for 1 minute or a cumulative duration of
RP
for up to 1 minute. Ischemia‐induced diastolic dysfunction was seen 1 minute after
RP
(end‐diastolic pressure [mm Hg]: 8.1±4.2 versus 12.1±4.1,
P
<0.001) and
BO
(end‐diastolic pressure [mm Hg]: 8.1
±
4.0 versus 8.7±4.0,
P
=0.03). Impairment of systolic and diastolic function after
BO
remained at 15‐minutes recovery (ejection fraction [%]: 55.7±9.0 versus 47.8±6.3,
P
<0.01; end‐diastolic pressure [mm Hg]: 8.1±4.0 versus 9.2±3.9,
P
<0.01). Persistent diastolic dysfunction was also evident in the
RP
group at 15‐minutes recovery (end‐diastolic pressure [mm Hg]: 8.1±4.1 versus 9.9±4.4,
P
=0.03) and there was also sustained impairment of load‐independent indices of systolic function at 15 minutes after
RP
(end‐systolic elastance and ventriculo‐arterial coupling [mm Hg/mL]: 1.25±0.31 versus 0.85±0.43,
P
<0.01).

Conclusions
RP and right coronary artery balloon occlusion both cause ischemic right ventricular dysfunction with stunning observed later during the procedure. This may have intraoperative implications in patients without right ventricular functional reserve.
Sustained Neurological Recovery After Stroke in Aged Rats Treated With a Novel Prostacyclin Analog
Authors: Yang Changjun , DeMars Kelly M. , Alexander Jon C. , Febo Marcelo , Candelario-Jalil Eduardo 
Published: June 2017

Background and Purpose—

Targeting the prostaglandin I
2
prostanoid (IP) receptor to reduce stroke injury has been hindered by the lack of selective drugs. MRE-269 is the active metabolite of selexipag showing a high selectivity toward the IP receptor. Selexipag has been recently approved for clinical use in pulmonary hypertension. We hypothesized that postischemic treatment with MRE-269 provides long-lasting neuroprotection with improved neurological outcomes in a clinically relevant rat stroke model.

Methods—
Aged male Sprague–Dawley rats underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and were randomly selected to receive either vehicle or MRE-269 (0.25 mg/kg) intravenously starting at 4.5 hours post ischemia. Accelerating rotarod and adhesive removal tests were conducted before and at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after stroke. Infarct volume was quantified by magnetic resonance imaging at 48 hours and 21 days post middle cerebral artery occlusion. In parallel experiments, cerebral cortex samples from stroke and nonstroke sides from vehicle- and MRE-269–treated groups were collected at 18 hours post middle cerebral artery occlusion for molecular biology analyses.

Results—
Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging data showed that postischemic MRE-269 treatment significantly reduced infarct volume compared with vehicle-treated rats at both 48 hours and 3 weeks after stroke. MRE-269 treatment resulted in a significant long-term recovery in both locomotor and somatosensory functions after middle cerebral artery occlusion, which was associated with a reduced weight loss in animals receiving the IP receptor agonist. Postischemic MRE-269 treatment reduced proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines and oxidative stress. Damage to the blood–brain barrier, as assessed by extravasation of immunoglobulin G to the ischemic brain, was significantly reduced by MRE-269, which was associated with a reduction in matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity in the brain of stroked aged rats given the IP agonist at 4.5 hours after ischemia onset.

Conclusions—
Our data suggest that targeting the IP receptor with MRE-269 is a novel strategy to reduce cerebral ischemia injury and promote long-term neurological recovery in ischemic stroke.
Clinical and prognostic factors in 98 patients with malignant melanoma in China
Authors: Zhang Min , Zhang Nan 
Published: June 2017

Objective To investigate clinical and prognostic factors in patients with malignant melanoma (MM) in China. Methods A total of 98 MM patients were enrolled in the study. Enumeration data were analyzed using Fisher’s exact probability tests or χ2 tests. Survival rates were calculated using log-rank tests. A Cox multivariate regression analysis was performed to determine independent prognostic factors. Results The male: female incidence ratio was 1.88:1. The highest incidence rate was seen in the 45–65 year age group. Primary lesion ulceration was seen in 60.2% of patients. The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 85.7%, 34.7% and 13.3%, respectively. In univariate analyses, the 5-year survival rate in patients was significantly associated with ulceration (P < 0.01), clinical stage (P < 0.01) and surgical excision of the tumor (P < 0.01). Cox multivariate regression analysis confirmed that ulceration and clinical stage were independent prognostic factors. Conclusions Some clinical characteristics of MM patients in China are significantly different from those of patients in Western countries. Ulceration and clinical stage are independent risk factors for poor survival in MM patients.
Acetabular Chondral Lesions in Hip Arthroscopy: Relationships Between Grade, Topography, and Demographics
Authors: Suarez-Ahedo Carlos , Gui Chengcheng , Rabe Stephanie M. , Chandrasekaran Sivashankar , Lodhia Parth , Domb Benjamin G. 
Published: June 2017

Background:Hip pain remains a challenge given the multiple factors that can cause damage to the articular cartilage, such as traumatic injury, metabolic damage, and morphologic variations such as femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and that can contribute to progression of osteoarthritis. However, a direct relationship between patient characteristics, the extent of acetabular chondral damage, and topologic characteristics of chondral lesions has not been established.Purpose:To compare the grade of acetabular chondral damage, measured in terms of acetabular labrum articular disruption (ALAD) classification, to the size and position of the chondral lesions, matching patients’ demographic factors such as age and body mass index (BMI).Study Design:Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.Methods:This study included all hip arthroscopies performed by the corresponding author from August 7, 2008, to November 19, 2014, in which acetabular chondral lesions were intraoperatively identified and measured in terms of ALAD grade, clockface location, and size. Bivariate analyses and multiple logistic regression were used to identify the demographic factors, characteristics of the acetabular chondral lesion, and other anatomic characteristics that were related to the ALAD grade of the acetabular chondral lesion.Results:Acetabular chondral lesions were measured in 1502 patients during the study period. Multivariate analysis showed that higher ALAD grade of acetabular chondral damage was significantly related to male sex, more advanced age, the area of the acetabular chondral lesion, anterior extension of the acetabular chondral lesion within the anterosuperior quadrant, labral detachment from the acetabular cartilage, and posterior extension of the labral tear.Conclusion:Higher grades of acetabular chondral damage were related to male sex, increased age, height, weight, BMI, and the size of the lesion. Chondral lesions were generally found in the anterosuperior region of the acetabulum, consistent with labral lesions and the weightbearing area of the acetabulum.
Ethical values in nurse education perceived by students and educators
Authors: Boozaripour Mahsa , Abbaszadeh Abbas , Shahriari Mohsen , Borhani Fariba 
Published: June 2017

Background: Education is considered the first function and mission of the university, and observing educational ethics guarantees the health of the teaching–learning process in the university. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore ethical values in nursing education from the perspective of Iranian nursing students and educators. Research design: This qualitative study was conducted using the Thematic Content Analyses method. The data were collected from seven semi-structured individual interviews and three focus group discussions from July to November 2015. Participants and research context: The participants were faculty educators of nursing and nursing students in Tehran, capital of Iran, who were selected through purposive sampling. They were recruited gradually. Sampling was continued until data saturation when no new codes were extracted. Ethical committee: This study was conducted after obtaining the approval of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Ethics Committee, and informed consent were ensured before conducting the research. The principles of voluntariness, confidentiality, and anonymity were respected during the research process. Findings: Seven major themes emerged: human dignity, constructive human relations, educational justice, competency enhancement, excellence view, wisdom, and commitment and accountability. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that although many of the values, as universal values, were similar to those of other countries—which can be a reflection of the globalization process in the nursing profession and the presence of humanistic and spiritual approaches at the roots of the discipline, some differences could be found in the content of values due to factors such as the people’s beliefs, culture, and religion. Iranian nursing students and educators revealed a unique and culture-based set of ethical values.
Comparison of Multisegmental Foot and Ankle Motion Between Total Ankle Replacement and Ankle Arthrodesis in Adults
Authors: Seo Sang Gyo , Kim Eo Jin , Lee Doo Jae , Bae Kee Jeong , Lee Kyoung Min , Lee Dong Yeon 
Published: June 2017

Background: Total ankle replacement (TAR) and ankle arthrodesis (AA) are usually performed for severe ankle arthritis. We compared postoperative foot segmental motion during gait in patients treated with TAR and AA. Methods: Gait analysis was performed in 17 and 7 patients undergoing TAR and AA, respectively. Subjects were evaluated using a 3-dimensional multisegmental foot model with 15 markers. Temporal gait parameters were calculated. The maximum and minimum values and the differences in hallux, forefoot, hindfoot, and arch in 3 planes (sagittal, coronal, transverse) were compared between the 2 groups. One hundred healthy adults were evaluated as a control. Results: Gait speed was faster in the TAR ( P = .028). On analysis of foot and ankle segmental motion, the range of hindfoot sagittal motion was significantly greater in the TAR (15.1 vs 10.2 degrees in AA; P = .004). The main component of motion increase was hindfoot dorsiflexion (12.3 and 8.6 degrees). The range of forefoot sagittal motion was greater in the TAR (9.3 vs 5.8 degrees in AA; P = .004). Maximum ankle power in the TAR (1.16) was significantly higher than 0.32 in AA; P = .008). However, the range of hindfoot and forefoot sagittal motion was decreased in both TAR and AA compared with the control group ( P = .000). Conclusion: Although biomechanical results of TAR and AA were not similar to those in the normal controls, joint motions in the TAR more closely matched normal values. Treatment decision making should involve considerations of the effect of surgery on the adjacent joints. Level of Evidence: Level III, case-control study.
Increased Incidence of Critical Illness in Psoriasis
Authors: Marrie Ruth Ann , Bernstein Charles N. , Peschken Christine A. , Hitchon Carol A. , Chen Hui , Garland Allan 
Published: June 2017

Background: Psoriasis is associated with an increased risk of comorbid disease. Despite the recognition of increased morbidity in psoriasis, the effects on health care utilisation remain incompletely understood. Little is known about the risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admission in persons with psoriasis. Objective: To compare the incidence of ICU admission and post-ICU mortality rates in a psoriasis population compared with a matched population without psoriasis. Methods: Using population-based administrative data from Manitoba, Canada, we identified 40 930 prevalent cases of psoriasis and an age-, sex-, and geographically matched cohort from the general population (n = 150 210). We compared the incidence of ICU admission between populations using incidence rates and Cox regression models adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, and comorbidity and compared mortality after ICU admission. Results: Among incident psoriasis cases (n = 30 150), the cumulative 10-year incidence of ICU admission was 5.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.3%-5.8%), 21% higher than in the matched cohort (incidence rate ratio, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.15-1.27). In the prevalent psoriasis cohort, crude mortality in the ICU was 11.5% (95% CI, 9.9%-13.0%), 32% higher than observed in the matched population admitted to the ICU (8.7%; 95% CI, 8.3%-9.1%). Mortality rates after ICU admission remained elevated at all time points in the psoriasis cohort compared with the matched cohort. Conclusion: Psoriasis is associated with an increased risk for ICU admission and with an increased risk of mortality post-ICU admission.
Ways of Thinking, Being, and Doing: The Scholar-Practitioner Mind-Set for Successfully Innovating HRD
Authors: Tyler Jo A. , Lombardozzi Catherine 
Published: June 2017

The Problem A number of scholars write about scholar-practitioners, including their role, general competencies, and the work processes they undertake. This literature reflects our understanding of the nature of the scholarly practice but does not extend to the consideration of the attitude or mind-set that can distinguish the contribution of scholar-practitioners in the field. The Solution In this article, we add to the discourse by considering the mind-set of successful scholar-practitioners who seek to provide a competitive edge to their organizations by transcending trends and conventional wisdom with innovative human resource development (HRD) approaches. We examine a few tenets for developing habits of thinking, being, and doing, and offer practical counsel to support those who wish to adopt a scholar-practitioner mind-set. The Stakeholders For individuals who wish to develop and maintain identities as scholar-practitioners, this article provides information that will help them and their leadership team better understand the distinct benefits from integrating scholarship and practice. For organizational leaders, this article sheds light on ways to foster a culture that will support the scholar-practitioner mind-set to yield competitive advantage.
Enasidenib induces acute myeloid leukemia cell differentiation to promote clinical response
Authors: Amatangelo Michael D. , Quek Lynn , Shih Alan , Stein Eytan M. , Roshal Mikhail , David Muriel D. , Marteyn Benoit , Farnoud Noushin Rahnamay , de Botton Stephane , Bernard Olivier A. , Wu Bin , Yen Katharine E. , Tallman Martin S. , Papaemmanuil Elli , Penard-Lacronique Virginie , Thakurta Anjan , Vyas Paresh , Levine Ross L. 
Published: June 2017

Key Points
Enasidenib inhibits mIDH2, leading to leukemic cell differentiation with emergence of functional mIDH2 neutrophils in rrAML patients. RAS pathway mutations and increased mutational burden overall are associated with a decreased response rate to mIDH2 inhibition.
Outcome of children with acute leukemia given HLA-haploidentical HSCT after αβ T-cell and B-cell depletion
Authors: Locatelli Franco , Merli Pietro , Pagliara Daria , Li Pira Giuseppina , Falco Michela , Pende Daniela , Rondelli Roberto , Lucarelli Barbarella , Brescia Letizia Pomponia , Masetti Riccardo , Milano Giuseppe Maria , Bertaina Valentina , Algeri Mattia , Pinto Rita Maria , Strocchio Luisa , Meazza Raffaella , Grapulin Lavinia , Handgretinger Rupert , Moretta Alessandro , Bertaina Alice , Moretta Lorenzo 
Published: June 2017

Key PointsChildren with AL given haplo-HSCT after αβ T- and B-cell depletion are exposed to a low risk of acute and chronic GVHD and NRM. The leukemia-free, GVHD-free survival of patients given this type of allograft is comparable to that of HLA-matched donor HSCT recipients.
TGF-β inhibits IL-7-induced proliferation in memory but not naive human CD4+ T cells
Authors: Nguyen Thao P , Sieg Scott F 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
TGF-β is a potent suppressor of T cell activation and expansion. Although the antiproliferative effects of TGF-β are well characterized in TCR-activated cells, the effects of TGF-β on T cell proliferation driven by homeostatic cytokines, such as IL-7, are poorly defined. In the current study, we found that TGF-β inhibits IL-7-induced proliferation in memory, but not in naive human CD4+ T cells. TGF-β impaired c-myc induction in all CD4+ T cell maturation subsets, although the impairment was less sustained in naive CD4+ T cells. TGF-β had no discernible effect on IL-7R signaling (p-STAT-5, p-Akt, or p-S6) in memory T cells but selectively enhanced p-S6 signaling in naive T cells. The inhibitory effects of TGF-β on memory T cell proliferation were partially overcome by chemical inhibition of GSK-3, which also led to enhanced c-myc expression. These data suggest that TGF-β could play an important role in limiting homeostatic proliferation of memory T cells. Our observations also point toward a novel strategy to subvert TGF-β-mediated inhibition of memory T cells by targeting GSK-3 for inhibition.
Discipline and Murder: Panoptic Pedagogy and the Aesthetics of Detection in J.G. Ballard’s Running Wild
Authors: Macsiniuc Cornelia 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
My essay proposes a reading of J.G. Ballard’s 1988 novella Running Wild as a cautionary crime story, a parable about the self-fulfilling prophecies of contemporary urban fears and about the “prisons” they create in a consumerist, technology- and media-dominated civilization. Interpreted in the light of Foucault’s concept of panopticism, Ballard’s gated community as a crime setting reveals how a disciplinary pedagogy meant to obtain “docile bodies,” masked under the socially elitist comfort of affluence and parental care, “brands” the inmate-children as potential delinquents and ultimately drives them to an act of “mass tyrannicide.” Ballard uses the murder story as a vehicle for the exploration of the paradoxical effects of a regime of total surveillance and of mediated presence, which, while expected to make “murder mystery” impossible, allows for the precession of the representation to the real (crime). The essay also highlights the way in which Ballard both cites and subverts some of the conventions of the Golden Age detective fiction, mainly by his rejection of the latter’s escapist ethos and by the liminal character of his investigator, at once part of a normalizing panoptic apparatus and eccentric to it, a “poetic figure” (Chesterton) relying on imagination and “aestheticizing” the routines of the detection process.
“I Stand Out Like a Raven”: Depicting the Female Detective and Tudor History in Nancy Bilyeau’s The Crown
Authors: Beyer Charlotte 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This article examines the portrayal of female identity and crime in the Tudor period in Nancy Bilyeau’s contemporary historical crime fiction novel, The Crown (2012). Featuring a female detective figure, Joanna Stafford, Bilyeau’s novel forms part of the wealth of contemporary fiction using Tudor history as context, reflecting a continued interest in and fascination with this period and its prominent figures. This article examines Bilyeau’s representation of the Tudor period in The Crown through the depiction of English society and culture from a contemporary perspective, employing genre fiction in order to highlight issues of criminality. My investigation of The Crown as crime fiction specifically involves analysing gender-political questions and their portrayal within the novel and its tumultuous historical context. This investigation furthermore explores the depiction of agency, individuality, religion, and politics. The article concludes that Bilyeau’s suspense-filled novel provides an imaginative representation of Tudor history through the prism of the crime fiction genre. Central to this project is its employment of a resourceful and complex female detective figure at the heart of the narrative.
What Big Teeth She Has
Authors: McLennan Ella 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Myra Hindley is one of the most notorious female murderers in the world. This poem explores the ways in which Hindley has been, and continues to be mythologised by society. It examines the mythical women that have been compared to her, and attempts to demonstrate how dangerous it is to compare real people to fictional characters. The poem discusses how the press depicts murderers and the affect this has on the world. Using examples such as Dracula, the poem also reflects on how facts lose truth over time, and how many stories about real people have become mythologised whether this was intentional or not.
True Crime
Authors: Beyer Charlotte 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This poem is a creative response to contemporary true crime narratives about baby farming in Victorian times, namely Alison Rattle and Allison Vale’s The Woman Who Murdered Babies for Money: The Story of Amelia Dyer (London: André Deutsch, 2011); and the TV documentary, “Amelia Dyer: Martina Cole’s Lady Killers.”