bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D3 mitigates myopathy and metabolic dysfunction in rats with metabolic syndrome: the potential role of dipeptidyl peptidase-4
Authors: Shoier Nourhan O. , Ghareib Salah A. , Kothayer Hend , Alsemeh Amira Ebrahim , El-Sayed Shaimaa S. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract Metabolic syndrome is associated with vitamin D3 deficiency. This work aims to examine the efficacy of vitamin D3 in inhibiting MetS-induced myopathy and to determine whether the beneficial effects of vitamin D3 are mediated by the inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). An in silico study investigated the potential effectiveness of vitamin D3 on the inhibition of the DPP-4 enzyme. An in vitro assay of the DPP-4 inhibitory effect of vitamin D3 was performed. In vivo and over 12 weeks, both diet (with 3% salt) and drinking water (with 10% fructose) were utilized to induce MetS. In the seventh week, rats received either vitamin D3, vildagliptin, a combination of both, or vehicles. Serum lipids, adipokines, glycemic indices, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), muscular glucose transporter type-4 (GLUT-4) content, DPP-4, adenosine monophosphate kinase (AMPK) activities, and Sudan Black B-stained lipids were assessed. Muscular reactive oxygen species (ROS), caspase-3, and desmin immunostaining were used to determine myopathy. MetS-induced metabolic dysfunction was ameliorated by vitamin D3, which also reduced intramuscular glycogen and lipid accumulation. This is demonstrated by the attenuation of MetS-induced myopathy by vitamin D3, decreased oxidative stress, increased desmin immuno-expression, and caspase-3 activity. Our in silico data demonstrated that vitamin D3 is capable of inhibiting DPP-4, which is further supported by biochemical findings. Vitamin D3 increased serum GLP-1, muscular AMPK activity, and GLUT-4 content, whereas the levels of muscular ROS were decreased in MetS. Vildagliptin and its combination with vitamin D3 yielded comparable results. It is suggested that the DPP-4 inhibitory potential of vitamin D3 is responsible for the amelioration of MetS-induced metabolic changes and myopathy.
Short-Term Changes in Bone Metabolism Among Transgender Men Starting Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Tienforti Daniele , Marinelli Lorenzo , Vervalcke Jeroen , Spagnolo Luca , Antolini Federica , Bichiri Andreina , Baroni Marco Giorgio , Motta Giovanna , T’Sjoen Guy , Barbonetti Arcangelo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTransgender and gender diverse individuals experience a gender identity that differs from the sex assigned at birth. Some transgender men may request testosterone to induce virilization; however, its impact on bone health remains to be fully elucidated. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the modifications in bone metabolism over a short-term period among transgender men initiating testosterone therapy. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The articles of interest had to report longitudinal evaluation conducted among transgender men, before starting testosterone and after 12 and 24 months of therapy. The analyzed parameters were BMD, calcium, phosphate, 25OHD, PTH, P1NP, BAP, osteocalcin and CTx. Mean differences with 95% coefficient intervals were combined using random effects models. Funnel plot, Egger’s test, and trim-and-fill analysis were used to assess publication bias. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria, including 1484 subjects. In absence of heterogeneity, BMD did not significantly change at lumbar spine, hip, femoral neck, and whole-body evaluations. Calcium, phosphate, 25OHD and PTH remained stable over time. Regarding bone turnover markers, only P1NP showed a statistically significant increase after 12 months of T therapy, in absence of heterogeneity (SMD 0.61 mcg/l; 95% CI: 0.40–0.83; p < 0.0001; I2 = 0%, Pforheterogeneity = 0.48). Testosterone therapy among transgender men seems not to disrupt bone health after 12 and 24 months. A statistically significant elevation in P1NP levels after 12 months of therapy may indicate a positive anabolic effect of testosterone in the short-term.
Die internationale manualmedizinische Dachgesellschaft: die FIMM mit ihren aktuellen Zielen, Stärken und Aktivitäten
Authors: Vinzelberg Stephan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn Bezug auf die laufenden Aktivitäten der International Federation for Manual/Musculoskeletal Medicine (FIMM) ist es wichtig zu beachten, dass der Verband kontinuierlich an der Weiterentwicklung der manuellen Medizin arbeitet. Zu den aktuellen Zielen gehört es, die internationale Zusammenarbeit und den Wissensaustausch zwischen den Mitgliedsländern zu fördern. Durch eine SWOT-Analyse werden die Stärken, Schwächen, Chancen und Risiken des Verbands identifiziert, um gezielt an der Verbesserung und Weiterentwicklung zu arbeiten. Zudem engagiert sich die FIMM aktiv in gesundheitspolitischen Diskussionen und setzt sich für die Anerkennung der manuellen Medizin als wichtige Behandlungsmethode ein. Durch das Education Board wurden Zertifizierungen nationaler Lehrpläne einzelner Mitgliedsgesellschaften durchgeführt, um die Qualität und den internationalen Standard der Mitglieder zu fördern. Darüber hinaus legt die FIMM großen Wert auf die Gewinnung neuer Mitglieder und die Erweiterung des internationalen Netzwerks. Trotz der Herausforderungen durch die COVID-19-Pandemie hat die FIMM innovative Wege gefunden, um weiterhin mit seinen Mitgliedern in Verbindung zu bleiben und relevante Informationen bereitzustellen.
Surgical management and results of glenohumeral combination fractures of the anterior glenoid rim and the proximal humerus
Authors: Kerkhoff Eileen , Ull Christopher , Rausch Valentin , Bernstorff Maria Alexandra , Seybold Dominik , Schildhauer Thomas Armin , Königshausen Matthias 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The combination of anterior large glenoid rim fractures (GRF) and proximal humerus fractures (PHF) is rare, with limited data available on specific treatments for these glenohumeral combination fractures (GCF). This study aimed to evaluate the treatment approaches for GCF, analyze patient outcomes, and outline surgical management strategies for different fracture types.

Materials and methods
This retrospective study included patients with GCF, excluding those with fossa glenoidalis fractures, isolated greater tuberosity fractures, or small glenoid rim fractures (< 5 mm). Preoperative radiographs, CT scans, and follow-up radiographs were reviewed. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Constant-Murley Score (CMS), Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI), Rowe Score (RS), and Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS).

Results
Sixteen patients with 17 GCFs (mean age 62 years) were followed for an average of 39 months. PHFs were categorized into three-part (76%), four-part (12%), and two-part fractures (12%). The average medial displacement of GRF was 5 mm, with an average dehiscence of 4 mm in the sagittal plane. Fourteen patients (88%) underwent surgical treatment; 35% had only the PHF surgically addressed, while 53% had both lesions surgically treated. Two patients (12%) received non-operative treatment. Complications were observed in 29% of cases, primarily involving the humeral side. The average CMS was 68 points, WOSI was 75%, RS was 77 points, and OSS was 41 points.

Conclusion
Treating GCF is complex and routinely necessitates surgical intervention, with or without GRF refixation. CT imaging is crucial for precise assessment of fracture morphology. The involvement of the minor tuberosity is critical in selecting the optimal surgical approach and managing the subscapularis muscle.
Inertial microfluidic mixer for biological CubeSat missions
Authors: Graja Adrianna , Gumieniak Mateusz , Dzimira Maciej , Janisz Tymon , Krakos Agnieszka 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNanosatellites of CubeSat type due to, i.a., minimized costs of space missions, as well as the potential large application area, have become a significant part of the space economy sector recently. The opportunity to apply miniaturized microsystem (MEMS) tools in satellite space missions further accelerates both the space and the MEMS markets, which in the coming years are considered to become inseparable. As a response to the aforementioned perspectives, this paper presents a microfluidic mixer system for biological research to be conducted onboard CubeSat nanosatellites. As a high complexity of the space systems is not desired due to the need for failure-free and remotely controlled operation, the principal concept of the work was to design an entirely passive micromixer, based on lab-on-chip technologies. For the first time, the microfluidic mixer that uses inertial force generated by rocket engines during launch to the orbit is proposed to provide an appropriate mixing of liquid samples. Such a solution not only saves the space occupied by standard pumping systems, but also reduces the energy requirements, ultimately minimizing the number of battery modules and the whole CubeSat size. The structures of the microfluidic mixers were fabricated entirely out of biocompatible resins using MultiJet 3D printing technology. To verify the functionality of the passive mixing system, optical detection consisting of the array of blue LEDs and phototransistors was applied successfully. The performance of the device was tested utilizing an experimental rocket, as a part of the Spaceport America Cup 2023 competition.
Graphical abstract
Influence of isolation on the resilience of tank bromeliad ecosystems to drought in a Neotropical rainforest
Authors: Séguigne Marie , Leroy Céline , Carrias Jean-François , Corbara Bruno , Rota Thibaut , Céréghino Régis 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLittle is known of how Neotropical freshwater ecosystems will respond to future climate scenarios. In Neotropical rainforests, a substantial fraction of the freshwater available to the aquatic fauna is found within phytotelmata, plant-held waters that form aquatic islands in a terrestrial matrix. We hypothesized that phytotelmata in close proximity have higher resilience capacity to severe drought than the isolated ones, under the assumption that immigration from nearby sources promotes faster recovery. We used rainshelters to emulate an extreme drought (67 days without rainfall) in tank-forming bromeliads arranged in patches of 1, 3 or 6 plants in a primary forest of French Guiana. Habitat size was a stronger determinant of invertebrate species richness and biomass per bromeliad than patch size. Larger bromeliad patches attenuated the adverse effect of drought on the biomass of predators, probably because short-range migration within dense patches allowed individuals to find moist refuges. However, the recovery of aquatic communities and ecosystem functions was mostly supported by in situ resistance, and a rescue effect of immigration was weak. Whilst environmental management plans tend to focus on dense networks of connected water bodies, our study shows that efforts should not omit the isolated ones.
Prolactin deficiency in the context of other pituitary hormone abnormalities
Authors: Shimon Ilan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractProlactin deficiency is rare. It generally occurs when pituitary disorders, such as large pituitary tumors, pituitary apoplexy, and other conditions associated with sellar mass effect lead to global failure of pituitary function and hypopituitarism. In these situiations, prolactin is commonly the last pituitary hormone affected, after growth hormone and gonadotropins are lost and thyroid-stimulating hormone and adrenocorticotopic hormone secretion is impaired. Prolactin deficiency accompanies several congenital syndromes due to mutations in PROP1 and Pit1/ POU1F and in X-linked IGSF1 deficiency syndrome, and several aqcuired conditions including Sheehan syndrome, IgG4-related hypophysitis, and immune checkpoint-inhibitor-induced hypophysitis. In women, prolactin deficiency prevents lactation following childbirth among other symptoms associated with hypopituitarism. Human prolactin is not available commercially as replacement therapy. However, recombinant human prolactin administered daily to women with hypoprolactinemia and alactogenesis was found to lead to the production of significant milk volume sufficient for lactation.
Transforming the feeding regime towards low-input increases the environmental impact of organic milk production on a case study farm in central germany
Authors: Eisert Johannes , Sahraei Amir , Knob Deise Aline , Lambertz Christian , Zollitsch Werner , Hörtenhuber Stefan , Kral Iris , Breuer Lutz , Gattinger Andreas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Despite the direct effect of the feeding regime on the environmental impacts of dairy farming systems, its level of intensity, particularly in organic systems, has rarely been investigated. This study compares the environmental impact of a high-input feeding regime with a grassland-based, low-input feeding regime scenario within an organic milk production system conducted on Gladbacherhof, the research farm of Justus Liebig University Giessen, in Central Germany.

Methods
An integrated Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis was performed from a cradle-to-farm gate perspective to quantify five environmental impacts, namely Global Warming (GW), Non-Renewable Energy Use (NREU), Land Use (LU), Terrestrial Acidification (TA), and Freshwater Eutrophication (FE). All agronomic data of the Gladbacherhof research farm, averaged over the years 2010–2017, were included. When not directly measured on the farm, ecoinvent data were included.

Results and discussion
Contrary to our hypothesis, the results suggest that a grassland-based low-input system has a higher environmental impact as compared to a high-input system for each of the five impact categories when using fat and protein-corrected milk (FPCM) as the functional unit. A 50% reduction in concentrates and exclusion of maize silage from the feed ration in the modelled low-input production system lead to a 20% drop in milk yield. To balance the energy content in low-input feeding ration, longer grazing period and higher amount of hay, alfalfa, and grass silage are required. This in turn results in higher emissions from enteric fermentation, manure management, and feed production and hence in higher environmental impact, particularly for GW, TA, and FE.

Conclusions
This study is one of the few that directly explores the environmental impact of feeding intensity in an organic milk production system. Nevertheless, there is a lack of research on consolidated emission factors for several greenhouse gas (GHG) sources in organic livestock and cropping systems to perform more robust carbon footprint calculations that comply with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier 3 GHG reporting guidelines. To generalize the results at the regional or national scale, direct comparisons with a larger number of organic farms representative of high-input and low-input intensities are still essential.
Romanian jurisprudence on cybercrime: focus on illegal access to an information system
Authors: Zlati George 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Budapest Convention on Cybercrime and Directive 2013/40/EU are central in tackling cybercrime, yet they are starting to be left behind by the technological advancements and new modus operandi. This article tackles the offence of illegal access to an information system under Romanian criminal law, emphasising ongoing debates and legal controversies in Romania, mirroring wider issues in cybercrime legislation. The article delves into the meanings of ‘access’, ‘information system’, and ‘without right’ as they are interpreted with reference to the existing legal framework on cybercrime, exploring how these concepts influence the scope of the offence. Romania is a relevant case study because the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime and Directive 2013/40/EU were transposed almost verbatim into national law. Thus, the issues raised in this article are relevant in many jurisdictions across Europe.
Computed tomography and coronary artery calcium score for screening of coronary artery disease and cardiovascular risk management in asymptomatic individuals
Authors: Pinto-Sietsma Sara-Joan , Velthuis Birgitta K. , Nurmohamed Nick S. , Vliegenthart Rozemarijn , Martens Fabrice M. A. C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSeveral risk prediction models exist to predict atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in asymptomatic individuals, but systematic reviews have generally found these models to be of limited utility. The coronary artery calcium score (CACS) offers an improvement in risk prediction, yet its role remains contentious. Notably, its negative predictive value has a high ability to rule out clinically relevant atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Nonetheless, CACS 0 does not permanently reclassify to a lower cardiovascular risk and periodic reassessment every 5 to 10 years remains necessary. Conversely, elevated CACS (> 100 or > 75th percentile adjusted for age, sex and ethnicity) can reclassify intermediate-risk individuals to a high risk, benefiting from preventive medication. The forthcoming update to the Dutch cardiovascular risk management guideline intends to re-position CACS for cardiovascular risk assessment as such in asymptomatic individuals. Beyond CACS as a single number, several guidelines recommend coronary CT angiography (CCTA), which provides additional information about luminal stenosis and (high-risk) plaque composition, as the first choice of test in symptomatic patients and high-risk patients. Ongoing randomised studies will have to determine the value of atherosclerosis evaluation with CCTA for primary prevention in asymptomatic individuals.
Photon-counting detector computed tomography in cardiac imaging
Authors: Sharma Simran P. , Lemmens Marie-Julie D. K. , Smulders Martijn W. , Budde Ricardo P. J. , Hirsch Alexander , Mihl Casper 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPhoton-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) has emerged as a revolutionary technology in CT imaging. PCD-CT offers significant advancements over conventional energy-integrating detector CT, including increased spatial resolution, artefact reduction and inherent spectral imaging capabilities. In cardiac imaging, PCD-CT can offer a more accurate assessment of coronary artery disease, plaque characterisation and the in-stent lumen. Additionally, it might improve the visualisation of myocardial fibrosis through qualitative late enhancement imaging and quantitative extracellular volume measurements. The use of PCD-CT in cardiac imaging holds significant potential, positioning itself as a valuable modality that could serve as a one-stop-shop by integrating both angiography and tissue characterisation into a single examination. Despite its potential, large-scale clinical trials, standardisation of protocols and cost-effectiveness considerations are required for its broader integration into clinical practice. This narrative review provides an overview of the current literature on PCD-CT regarding the possibilities and limitations of cardiac imaging.
Exploring Financial Realities: A Qualitative Study on Income Strategies of Female Sex Workers in Rotterdam’s Unlawful Sex Industry
Authors: Eggens Nina 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction
For many sex workers, money is the most important reason to engage in sex work. Rotterdam is the second largest city in the Netherlands and aims to regulate its sex industry by distinguishing licensed, unlicensed, and illegal sex work; the latter in this article is referred to as unlawful sex work. This article focuses on female unlawfully working sex workers in Rotterdam and examines the financial advantages and disadvantages of working unlawfully, their consideration to pay taxes or not and their ways to increase their income.

Methods
From November 2021 to March 2022, 38 qualitative in-depth interviews and 17 qualitative observations were carried out with sex workers, social workers and authorities.

Results
The results indicate that the income is higher when working unlawfully but has disadvantages. Sex workers differ in whether they pay taxes. Moreover, there are different ways in which a sex worker can increase her income, including competition and mobility.

Conclusions
Though the Municipality of Rotterdam aimed for a regulated, lawful sex industry, unlawful sex work can still be an important means of income. There are different aspects these sex workers need to consider, and sex workers can do this in different ways for different reasons.
Policy Implications.
Income as the most important reason to engage in sex work underscores the need for policies addressing sex workers’ financial vulnerability, access to lawful employment opportunities in the sex industry, and financial stability.
Widespread Wolbachia infection is correlated with increased mtDNA diversity in native bees across the Fijian archipelago
Authors: Freedman Elisha H. , Davies Oliva K. , Stevens Mark I. , Dorey James B. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInsects have a complex coevolutionary history with bacterial symbionts, among which Wolbachia pipientis stands out for its prevalence and role in reproductive manipulation. Wolbachia can induce cytoplasmic incompatibility, feminisation, male killing, and parthenogenesis, greatly influence the population genetics of their hosts and are potential drivers of invertebrate speciation. We might then assume that Wolbachia could act synergistically with other factors, such as niche conservation and isolation by distance, to drive speciation in hyper-diverse invertebrate taxa. The Fijian archipelago hosts a remarkable and recently diverged clade of Lasioglossum (Homalictus) bees. Some of these Lasioglossum have highly unusual species-level sex ratios and mitochondrial diversities, which can be hallmarks of infection by a bacterial reproductive manipulator. To examine the role of Wolbachia in Fijian Lasioglossum speciation, we screened the endemic Fijian bees for Wolbachia using the Wolbachia surface protein gene (wsp). We compare the distribution of Wolbachia infection across species with host mitochondrial haplotype diversity and conducted phylogenetic analyses to determine the relationship of host relatedness and symbiont infection status. We found that Wolbachia haplotypes probably span across supergroups A and B. In addition, we found multiple haplotypes were highly similar, with the most abundant group of wsp haplotypes being closely related with the drosophila Wolbachia strain wHa. We found evidence of mostly horizontal and limited vertical transmission, and little evidence for Wolbachia-host cospeciation. We show that, contrary to general patterns, Wolbachia-infected Lasioglossum species have higher mitochondrial diversity. Finally, we present evidence for the potential of multiple modes of host manipulation in this clade.