bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Financial Burden for Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Enrolled in Medicare Part D Taking Targeted Oral Anticancer Medications
Authors: Shen Chan , Zhao Bo , Liu Lei , Shih Ya-Chen Tina 
Published: February 2017

Purpose: The number of targeted oral anticancer medications (TOAMs) has grown rapidly in the past decade. The high cost of TOAMs raises concerns about the financial aspect of treatment, especially for patients enrolled in Medicare Part D plans because of the coverage gap. Methods: We identified patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who were new TOAM users from the SEER registry data linked with Medicare Part D data, from years 2007 to 2012. We followed these patients throughout the calendar year when they started taking the TOAMs and examined their out-of-pocket (OOP) payments and gross drug costs, taking into account their benefit phase, plan type, and cost share group. Results: We found that 726 (81%) of the 898 patients with CML who received TOAMs had reached the catastrophic phase of their Medicare Part D benefit within the year of medication initiation, with a large majority of patients reaching this phase in less than a month. Patients without subsidies showed a clear pattern of a spike in OOP payments when they began treatment with TOAMs. The OOP payment for patients with subsidies was substantially lower. The monthly gross drug costs were similar between patients with and without subsidies. Conclusion: Patients experience quick entry and exit from the coverage gap (also called the donut hole) as a result of the high price of TOAMs. Closing the donut hole will provide financial relief during the initial month(s) of treatment but will not completely eliminate the financial burden.
Institutional Trading and Hedge Fund Activism
Authors: Gantchev Nickolay , Jotikasthira Chotibhak 
Published: February 2017

This paper investigates the role of institutional trading in the emergence of hedge fund activism—an important corporate governance mechanism. We demonstrate that institutional sales raise a firm’s probability of becoming an activist target. Furthermore, by exploiting the funding circumstances of individual institutions, we establish that such effects occur through a liquidity channel, i.e., the activist camouflages his purchases among other institutions’ liquidity sales. Additional evidence supports our conclusion. First, activist purchases closely track institutional sales at the daily frequency. Second, such synchronicity is stronger among targets with lower expected monitoring benefits, suggesting that gains from trading with other institutions supplement these benefits in the activist’s targeting decision. Finally, we find that institutional sales accelerate the timing of a campaign at firms already followed by activists rather than attract attention to unlikely targets. Taken together, our findings offer a novel empirical perspective on the liquidity theories of activism; while activists screen firms on the basis of fundamentals, they pick specific targets at a particular time by exploiting institutional liquidity shocks. The Internet appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2654 . This paper was accepted by Amit Seru, finance.
Filmowe dybuki: od żydowskiej legendy do polskiego koszmaru sennego
Authors: Nowakowski Jacek 
Published: February 2017

The article discusses several screen adaptations of the drama Dybbuk or Between Two Worlds by Szymon An-ski. Written on the basis of an old Jewish legend, An-ski’s play has provided inspiration for many movies. The four analysed works represent different cultural traditions and film genres and come from different decades of the cinema history. Diverse as they are, these four works emphasize different issues. They are: Dybbuk by M. Waszyński – the best Polish movie in Yiddish exploring the Jewish folklore; A Serious Man by the Coen brothers, with a ‘dybbuk’ prologue that redefines their art towards the Judaic tradition, as well as two other works that are strongly characteristic of the film genres that they represent: The Possession by O. Bornedal, using the poetics of religious horror, and the Polish thriller The Demon by M. Wrona, drawing from the tradition of the national drama as defined by Wesele [The Wedding ] by S. Wyspiański and its screen adaptations and travestations.
Monetary policy in a low inflation environment and expectations of market participants
Authors: Szyszko Magdalena 
Published: February 2017

The paper focuses on inflation expectations management in a low inflation or deflation environment. Firstly, it presents theoretical findings on avoiding and escaping the deflation trap. They are closely related to expectations management as expectations become the main transmission channel in the zero lower bound (ZLB) environment. In response to the recent economic crisis some of the following solutions have been applied by central banks: quantitative easing, forward guidance and depreciation. Their use is not detrimental to the framework of inflation targeting strategy. Secondly, some remarks about the difficulties of measuring expectations during the occurrence of ZLB and in a crisis situation are made. The information on expectations levels, their distribution, volatility and the degree to which they are anchored is crucial for central banks, especiallywhen the expectations offer the most effective way to affect the economy. Finally, a comparison of the expectations quantified with the Carlson and Parkin probabilistic method and its version adjusted for non-positive scaling factor periods is made. The empirical part of the research covers Poland (July 2014 – December 2015) and Sweden (November 2012 – December 2015). Both countries experience deflation, and (additionally) Sweden operates under ZLB. An alternative method of quantification smoothes the expectations and reduces their volatility. The subject dealt with in this paper is still under theoretical and empirical examination. No conclusion as to the optimal solution for expectations management is made.
Individual differences in second language speech perception across tasks and contrasts: The case of English vowel contrasts by Korean learners
Authors: Kim Donghyun , Clayards Meghan , Goad Heather 
Published: February 2017

Abstract:
The present study examines whether individual differences in second language (L2) learners’ perceptual cue weighting strategies reflect systematic abilities. We tested whether cue weights indicate proficiency in perception using a naturalistic discrimination task as well as whether cue weights are related across contrasts for individual learners. Twenty-four native Korean learners of English completed a two-alternative forced choice identification task on /ɪ/-/i/ and /ɛ/-/æ/ contrasts varying orthogonally in formant frequency and duration to determine their perceptual cue weights. They also completed a two-talker AX discrimination task on natural productions of the same vowels. In the cue-weighting task, we found that individual L2 learners varied greatly in the extent to which they relied on particular phonetic cues. However, individual learners’ perceptual weighting strategies were consistent across contrasts. We also found that more native-like performance on this task – reliance on spectral differences over duration – was related to better recognition of naturally produced vowels in the discrimination task. Therefore, the present study confirms earlier reports that learners vary in the extent to which they rely on particular phonetic cues. Additionally, our results demonstrate that these individual differences reflect systematic cue use across contrasts as well as the ability to discriminate naturally produced stimuli.
In-Cylinder Heat Transfer Modelling
Authors: Žák Zdeněk , Emrich Miloslav , Takáts Michal , Macek Jan 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The goal of the paper is to discuss specific features of the in-cylinder heat transfer calculation based on widely used empirical formulas. The potential of in-house codes compared with commercially available software packages is presented. The principles of user models in the GT-SUITE environment are also explained. The results of calibrated models are briefly discussed.
Incidence of positive peritoneal cytology in patients with endometrial carcinoma after hysteroscopy vs. dilatation and curettage
Authors: Dovnik Andraz , Crnobrnja Bojana , Zegura Branka , Takac Iztok , Pakiz Maja 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Background
The aim of the study was to compare the frequency of positive peritoneal washings in endometrial cancer patients after either hysteroscopy (HSC) or dilatation and curettage (D&C).

Patients and methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of 227 patients who underwent either HSC (N = 144) or D&C (N = 83) and were diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma at the University Medical Centre Maribor between January 2008 and December 2014. The incidence of positive peritoneal cytology was evaluated in each group.

Results
There was no overall difference in the incidence of positive peritoneal washings after HSC or D&C (HSC = 13.2%; D&C = 12.0%; p = 0.803). However, a detailed analysis of stage I disease revealed significantly higher rates of positive peritoneal washings in the HSC group (HSC = 12.8%; D&C = 3.4%; p = 0.046). Among these patients, there was no difference between both groups considering histologic type (chi-square = 0.059; p = 0.807), tumour differentiation (chi-square = 3.709; p = 0.156), the time between diagnosis and operation (t = 0.930; p = 0.357), and myometrial invasion (chi-square = 5.073; p = 0.079).

Conclusions
Although the diagnostic procedure did not influence the overall incidence of positive peritoneal washings, HSC was associated with a significantly higher rate of positive peritoneal cytology in stage I endometrial carcinoma compared to D&C.
Managing participation in interaction: the case of humming
Authors: Stevanovic Melisa 
Published: February 2017

AbstractInteractional encounters call for participants to maintain joint involvement in the activity at hand. However, when interactional problems emerge, participants may seek to redefine the current participation framework to ensure the intelligibility of the situation as a whole. This paper describes one interactional resource to accomplish such a shift: humming. Drawing on data consisting of 32 instances of humming from three different settings, and using conversation analysis as a method, I demonstrate how humming can be used to manage problems caused by the participants either failing to perform the expected actions or performing inappropriate actions. Through humming, the participants can publicly “accept” their co-participant's solitary engagements, maintain the separateness of the participants' activities, signal a need for “time-out” from the joint activity, and downgrade the interactional import of their embodied actions. Thus humming is also related to morality. On the one hand, humming signals the participants' cooperative stance despite their divided involvement. On the other hand, the mere act of making the current participation framework audible may alert the co-participants about its inadequacy.
Economy is an organism – a comparative study of metaphor in English and Russian economic discourse
Authors: Wang Huili , Runtsova Tamara , Chen Hongjun 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn the present study a corpus-based approach is employed to compare the use of metaphor describing the global economic crisis of 2008 in the mainstream economic press in Britain and in Russia. The analysis is carried out within the framework of cognitive metaphor theory, involving a comparative study of conceptual metaphors and frequency analysis. The results indicate that a considerable similarity exists in terms of high-level conceptual metaphors, but find subtle differences in terms of frequency and linguistic expression. We particularly focus on
Xenofobia y Homofobia como Efectos de la Orientación Política, Religión y Sexo Mediados por Clasismo y Patriocentrismo en Jóvenes Universitarios Chilenos
Authors: Hatibovic Díaz Fuad , Bobowik Magdalena , Faúndez Abarca Ximena , Sandoval Moya Juan 
Published: February 2017

La presente investigación examina, en estudiantes universitarios chilenos, la relación entre xenofobia, homofobia y las variables: sexo, religión y orientación política. También se evalúa el papel mediador del clasismo y patriocentrismo en la relación entre las variables sociodemográficas y la xenofobia y homofobia. Se utilizó metodología cuantitativa con diseño descriptivo correlacional. Los participantes fueron 509 estudiantes, con promedio de 20.81 años de edad (dt=2.25). Se utilizó un cuestionario abreviado basado en la Encuesta de Tolerancia y No Discriminación. Los análisis de varianza mostraron que existen diferencias significativas en función de sexo, religión y orientación política. Las mujeres obtuvieron puntajes significativamente menores que los hombres en homofobia; las personas no religiosas y de izquierda obtuvieron menores puntuaciones en todas las dimensiones analizadas, comparado con las personas religiosas y de derecha. Los análisis de mediación múltiple mostraron que las variables mediadoras explican esas diferencias en la homofobia y la xenofobia.
Identificação dos principais problemas em gestação de risco para nortear ações preventivas
Authors: Martins Maria Helena Peixoto de Almeida , Ghersel Eloisa Lorenzo de Azevedo , Ghersel Herbert 
Published: February 2017

Introdução: Síndromes hipertensivas, diabetes mellitus e doenças bucais podem causar danos à saúde materna e fetal, portanto merecem atenção.Objetivo: Identificar os principais problemas de saúde que acometem gestantes com gravidez de alto risco para conduzir ações preventivas.Materiais e Métodos: Estudo observacional, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com uma amostra constituída por 87 gestantes escolhidas através de amostragem por acessibilidade. Foi utilizado um questionário com perguntas fechadas. Como todas as variáveis são categóricas, foi usado o teste chi-quadrado, com a correlação de Spearman. Os dados foram tratados no software SPSS versão 23.Resultados: O motivo de consulta mais frequente foi para acompanhamento pré-natal de rotina (37,9%, n=33). Do total de 87 gestantes, 44 (50,6%) afirmaram ter algum problema de saúde atual, sendo o mais citado a hipertensão arterial (23%, n=20). Entre os outros problemas de saúde citados, o mais frequente foi dores nas costas (82,8%,n=72), seguido por cárie dentária (49,4%, n=43) e 26 (29,9%) com sangramento gengival. Houve correlação significante (p<0,05) entre a idade das pacientes e a ocorrência de hipertensão arterial. A correlação entre as categorias idade de risco e ocorrência de diabetes mellitus também foi significante (p<0,05).Conclusão: A hipertensão arterial foi o problema mais prevalente, seguido de diabetes mellitus. Entre outros problemas, o mais frequente foi dores nas costas, seguido de cárie dentária e sangramento gengival. Em todas essas condições, ações preventivas têm alcance efetivo e beneficiam significativamente a saúde materno-fetal.
Retrospective analysis of commonly prevailing sexually transmitted diseases among transgender who attended outpatient clinic in Govt. Vellore Medical College from 2008-2015
Authors: C. Dharmambal , A. Somasundaram , J. Balachander , R. Vasanthmoorthy 
Published: February 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">TGs are considered to constitute an important risk group for the transmission of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus. High levels of STIs are predominant among TG sex workers due to unsafe sex practices. A study was conducted to describe the prevalence of sexually transmitted infection among Transgender who attended the outpatient clinic of Dermatoveneroleprology department for over 7 years and describe the contributing factors associated with sexually transmitted infections among transgender as there is a scarce data available about it.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Retrospective study carried out on 123 transgender who attended the sexually transmitted disease clinic at Government Vellore Medical College and Hospital during the period 2008-2015.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Most of the transgender have active sexual life. 44% of them were having unprotected sex. Anal sex practice is more prevalent (88%). 25% reported one or other symptoms of sexually transmitted infection. 10.5% were reactive for syphilis and 11% reactive for HIV. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">A high reported prevalence of sexually transmitted infection exists despite many intervention policies adopted by the health system time to time. Implementation strategies to promote awareness among Transgender to access health care at the earliest time of appearance of symptoms and also periodical check-up may help to diagnose sexually transmitted infections at the early stage. Awareness and behavioral change on safe sex practices are the important needs in preventing sexually transmitted infections.</span></p>
A six-year old girl presenting with alopecia areata incognita: a case report
Authors: Dalal Ashish , Kumar Ajay , Lohan Ritambhara , Ahlawat Muskaan 
Published: February 2017

<p class="abstract">A proportion of cases of diffuse hair loss over the scalp mimicking telogen effluvium or androgenetic alopecia are found to have alopecia areata incognita (AAI) on dermascopic examination and histopathology. AAI has commonly been reported in middle aged women who present with a sudden increase in hair shedding with diffuse alopecia developing after several months. Though the typical glabrous patches of hair loss observed in classical alopecia areata are absent, the abrupt and intense hair loss with a positive hair pull test is suggestive of AAI. There are few reports of AAI occurring in children. We are reporting a case of AAI in a 6-year old child. </p>
Teoria histórico-cultural e teoria do ensino desenvolvimental: bases para uma epistemologia psicológico-didática do ensino
Authors: Rosa Sandra Valéria Limonta , Sylvio Mara Cristina de 
Published: February 2017

Resumo: O artigo apresenta considerações de ordem epistemológica sobre as contribuições da teoria histórico-cultural e da teoria do ensino desenvolvimental para o ensino na Educação Básica. Defende-se a tese de que estas duas teorias formam uma epistemologia psicológico-didática que articula dialeticamente ensino e aprendizagem. Apresenta-se conceitos da teoria histórico-cultural e da teoria do ensino desenvolvimental, entendidos como nucleares para a compreensão destas teorias como uma epistemologia, buscando articulá-los ao ensino escolar, com destaque para: o papel da educação escolar no processo geral de desenvolvimento humano; a lei genética geral do desenvolvimento dos processos psíquicos superiores; a zona de desenvolvimento próximo; a mediação; o pensamento teórico e a atividade de estudo.
Palavras-chave: Teoria histórico-cultural. Teoria do ensino desenvolvimental. Atividade de estudo. Mediação pedagógica.
Applications under Сontrol Minimally Invasive Surgery Computed Tomography in Patients with Suppurative Lung Disease
Authors: Жданов А. И. , Кривоносов С. В. , Кривоносов Д. В. 
Published: February 2017

Актуальность Ранняя диагностика нагноительных заболеваний лёгких во многом предрешает прогноз и результат лечения. Тяжесть состояния больных, необходимость в срочных лечебных мероприятиях, трудность их обследования требуют постоянного совершенствования методов диагностики и лечения. Наиболее распространенным методом диагностики нагноительных заболеваний легких является рентгенологическое исследование грудной клетки. По наблюдениям специалистов, данная методика позволяет диагностировать патологию грудной полости, но установить распространенность и стадию воспалительного процесса на основании полученных результатов не представляется возможным. В последнее время в литературе значительное внимание уделяется использованию магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ) в диагностике нагноительных заболеваний лёгких. Вместе с тем остается открытым вопрос о длительности исследования,трудностях в обеспечении контроля за состоянием пациента, особенно при ИВЛ, необходимости синхронизации с дыханием и сердечной деятельностью. В связи с этим, проведение МРТ при нагноительных заболеваниях лёгких является затруднительным. Кроме того, наличие инородных металлических тел является противопоказанием к проведению МРТ.Цель исследования Провести анализ эффективности использования малоинвазивных вмешательств под контролем компьютерной томографии у пациентов с нагноительными заболеваниями лёгких. Материалы и методы На основании данных сканирования уточнялись показания к вмешательству и определялся безопасный доступ к патологическому очагу. Затем производилось поэтапное введение в патологический очаг трансдермального дренажа с дальнейшим забором материала для цитологического и бактериологического исследований. Результаты и их обсуждение Широкое внедрение в повседневную практику компьютерной томографии позволило решить целый ряд лечебно-диагностических задач в хирургическом стационаре. Компьютерная томография к настоящему времени позволила значительно ускорить поиск нагноительной патологии лёгких, уточнить локализацию гнойного процесса и его отношение к другим анатомическим структурам. Способствовала более ранней активизации и сокращению сроков пребывания пациентов в стационаре.Заключение При анализе полученных данных установлено значительное снижение частоты послеоперационных осложнений, отсутствие болевого синдрома, происходила более ранняя активация и реабилитация пациентов.
Method of Treatment Posttraumatic Synovitis Using Aqueous Anolyte and Catholyte
Authors: Кошелев П.И. , Глухов А.А. , Расчепеев Д. А. , Остроушко А. П. 
Published: February 2017

Актуальность Ведение больных с посттраматическим синовитом в настоящее время стоит в ряду особенно актуальных. Около 15% острых постравматических синовитов переходят в хронические, гнойные артриты, постравматические контрактуры и деформирующие артрозы.Цель исследования Изучить эффективность применение электроактивированных водных растворов анолита и католита в комплексе лечения больных с посттравматическими синовитами.Материал и методы Статья основана на опыте лечения 88 пациентов с посттравматическим синовитом. Пациенты были распределены на 2 группы: 23 пациента 1-й группы получали лечение традиционным способом: внутрисуставно иньекционно вводился р-р диоксидина 1% в количестве 10 мл и суспензия гидрокортизона 2,5% 1 раз в 3 дня в течение 12 дней. 65 пациентам 2-й группы внутрисуставно иньекционно вводили стандартизованный анолит 0.3% раствора натрия хлорида (нейтральный рH 7,3-7,7 ОВП +700-1100 мВ) в количестве 10 мл через 3 дня в течение 9-10 дней, одновременно внутрь вводился ежедневно католит 0.3% раствора натрия хлорида (ОВП минус 450-600 мВ, рН – 7.7-7.9) 3 раза в сутки до еды по 100 мл в течение всего периода болезни до максимального уменьшения воспалительных явлений в суставах.Результаты и их обсуждение Применение внутрисуставного и параартикулярного метода введения анолита, совместно с парентеральным использованием католита, позволяет быстрее санировать полость сустава, уменьшить отек, воспаление и интоксикацию организма. Предлагаемый способ лечения посттравматических синовитов позволяет получить дополнительные эффекты лечения: улучшить метаболизм синовиальной жидкости и хряща, в более ранние сроки быстрее купировать болевой синдром.Выводы Проводимое лечение позволило сократить сроки лечения в стационаре в среднем на 4-5 койко/дня и отказаться от курса физиотерапии. Курс лечения продолжался не менее девяти дней.