bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential impact of screening for fatty liver disease by transient elastography with liver stiffness and controlled attenuation parameter measurements: a pilot study
Authors: Peiseler Moritz , Creutzfeldt Anna , Cassens Insa , Glaubke Claudia , Kroll Claudia , Lohse Ansgar , Weiler-Normann Christina 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Background The prevalence of chronic liver diseases is high in developed countries, and the leading causes are amenable to prevention. The German Lebertag is to increase awareness of the burden of chronic liver diseases in the general public. We performed a pilot study using transient elastography with liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) as a screening tool for previously unrecognized liver diseases.
Patients and methods LSM and CAP was performed in 60 individuals, and participants filled in a questionnaire reporting basic characteristics and past medical history.
Results Median LSM and CAP values were within the normal range. Participants with self-reported diabetes mellitus had significantly elevated LSM (p = 0.02) and CAP values (p = 0.002). Participants with a BMI > 30 kg/m2 or dyslipidemia had significantly elevated CAP values (p = 0.007 and p = 0.01, respectively) with normal LSM values. Overall, 35 % of participants had elevated CAP values, indicating a high prevalence of hepatic steatosis.
Discussion In a German pilot study, diabetes mellitus was a key risk factor for increased LSM and CAP values. Prevalence of steatosis was high and comparable to other Western countries. Transient elastography is a valuable tool to identify patients with increased risk for metabolic liver diseases. In people without risk factors, LSM and CAP values were within the normal range, indicating that screening for chronic liver injury was not warranted.
“We are going to our Portuguese homeland!”
Authors: Simões Marques Isabelle , Koven Michèle 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis article combines the study of online narratives as social practices and the linguistic anthropological study of imagined communities, to examine a set of non-canonical narrative practices in a Facebook group for the Portuguese diaspora in France. Instead ofreportsofindividualmembers’pastexperiences, these narratives function asinvitationsto other group members to co-telltypical,sharedexperiences. Specifically, we investigate how group members share vacation trips to Portugal with each other in ways that produce a sense of collective and simultaneous experience. They accomplish this through deictically-based narrative strategies that shift the social, spatial, and temporal perspectives of narrating and narrated frames in ways that link the following: individualI’swith collectivewe’s, one-time events with timeless event types, and co-presence online with co-presence on vacation. Through these strategies, participants connect Facebook narrations of vacations to the larger social project of diasporic longing for and return to Portugal.
Multiple selves
Authors: John Aesha , Bailey Lucy E. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The paper presents findings from narrative analyses of interviews with 16 Gujarati women caring for a child with an intellectual disability in a midsized city in India. Participants’ mothering narratives articulate the multiple selves (or identities) they have constructed in the context of their child’s disability. In efforts to align with the cultural discourse on good mothering, women in this study sometimes narrate themselves as knowledge bearers and as agents, as people who labor and triumph over difficult circumstances, but at other times vulnerable and victimized as they navigate both their daily responsibilities and the social expectations and discourses regarding mothering. The identity narratives educate the audience of what mothering a child with an intellectual disability means in this unique sociocultural context.
Reduced Acute Care Costs With the ERAS® Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Compared With Conventional Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Authors: Wang Michael Y , Chang Hsuan Kan , Grossman Jay 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Enhancing Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) programs have been widely adopted throughout the world, but not in spinal surgery. In this report, we review the implementation of a “fast track” surgery for lumbar fusion and its effect on acute care hospitalization costs.

OBJECTIVE
To determine if a “fast track” surgery methodology results in acute care cost savings.

METHODS
Thirty-eight consecutive ERAS patients were compared with patients undergoing conventional minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Differences between these groups included the use of endoscopic decompression, injections of liposomal bupivacaine, and performing the surgery under sedation in the ERAS® group.

RESULTS
Patients had similar medical comorbidities (2.02 vs 2 for ERAS® and comparator groups, respectively; P = .458). Body mass index was similar (26.5 vs 27.0; P = .329). ERAS® patients were older (65 vs 59 yr, P = .031). Both groups had excellent clinical results with an improvement of 23% and 24%, respectively. Intraoperative blood loss was less (68 ± 31 cc vs 231 ± 73, P < 0.001). Length of stay was also less with ERAS® surgery, at a mean of 1.23 ± 0.8 d vs 3.9 ± 1.1 d (P = 0.009). When comparing ERAS® surgery to standard minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, the total cost for the acute care hospitalization was $19 212 vs $22 656, respectively (P < 0.001). This reflected an average of $3444 in savings, which was a 15.2% reduction.

CONCLUSION
ERAS® programs for spinal fusion surgery have the potential to reduce the costs of acute care. This is made possible by leveraging less invasive interventions to minimize soft tissue damage.
Thomas Paine
Authors: Dickinson Harry T. 
Published: June 2017

Thomas Paine (b. 1737–d. 1809) was born in Thetford, England, the son of Joseph Pain [sic], a Quaker stay-maker. Educated at the local grammar school, he was apprenticed to his father, but soon tried out several other occupations. By mid-1774 he was in financial difficulties and legally separated from his second wife. He took Benjamin Franklin’s advice to seek his fortune in Philadelphia, which he reached in November 1774. By early 1775 Paine was editing and contributing to the Pennsylvania Magazine. In January 1776 he produced a short, but immensely influential, pamphlet, Common Sense, which attacked George III and the British Constitution and encouraged the American colonies to seek their independence. During the War of Independence, he produced essays on the American Crisis, encouraging the colonists that ultimate victory could be theirs. He also wrote in support of Pennsylvania’s new constitution, served for a time as secretary to Congress’s Committee for Foreign Affairs, and even visited France to secure financial assistance for the American cause. After the war, Paine took an interest in scientific and engineering experiments and devised a single-span iron bridge. In 1787 he sailed to Europe to secure backing in either France or Britain to build such a bridge. In both France and Britain, he associated with men seeking political reforms and constitutional changes. In London he produced two widely distributed volumes of the Rights of Man (1791–1792) defending radical reform and advocating improvements in the welfare of the poor. Fearing arrest, he fled to France in September 1792. In France, Paine was elected as a deputy to the newly established National Convention. His pacific views led to his arrest in late December 1793. He narrowly avoided execution, but was finally released in 1795. Arrest and imprisonment did not prevent him producing his Age of Reason, in two parts. This attack on the Bible and the clergy was also widely distributed. After his release, Paine was no longer active in French politics, though he continued to produce political works. His Agrarian Justice (1796) advocated taxes on landed property to fund welfare benefits for the poor. He also wrote attacking the British financial system and castigating George Washington’s conduct. In 1802 Paine returned to America. Although welcomed by President Jefferson and more warmly by radical artisans in New York, he was bitterly attacked by many who deplored his religious and political views and denigrated his moral character. He engaged in a press war with his New York critics until shortly before his death in June 1809. He died neglected and largely friendless. He was denied burial in a churchyard and was interred on his farm in New Rochelle.
Image Updating for Brain Shift Compensation During Resection
Authors: Fan Xiaoyao , Roberts David W , Olson Jonathan D , Ji Songbai , Schaewe Timothy J , Simon David A , Paulsen Keith D 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
In open-cranial neurosurgery, preoperative magnetic resonance (pMR) images are typically coregistered for intraoperative guidance. Their accuracy can be significantly degraded by intraoperative brain deformation, especially when resection is involved.

OBJECTIVE
To produce model updated MR (uMR) images to compensate for brain shift that occurred during resection, and evaluate the performance of the image-updating process in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency.

METHODS
In 14 resection cases, intraoperative stereovision image pairs were acquired after dural opening and during resection to generate displacement maps of the surgical field. These data were assimilated by a biomechanical model to create uMR volumes of the evolving surgical field. A tracked stylus provided independent measurements of feature locations to quantify target registration errors (TREs) in the original coregistered pMR and uMR as surgery progressed.

RESULTS
Updated MR TREs were 1.66 ± 0.27 and 1.92 ± 0.49 mm in the 14 cases after dural opening and after partial resection, respectively, compared to 8.48 ± 3.74 and 8.77 ± 4.61 mm for pMR, respectively. The overall computational time for generating uMRs after partial resection was less than 10 min.

CONCLUSION
We have developed an image-updating system to compensate for brain deformation during resection using a computational model with data assimilation of displacements measured with intraoperative stereovision imaging that maintains TREs less than 2 mm on average.
Efficacy and Safety of Tranexamic Acid in Orthopaedic Fracture Surgery: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Amer Kamil M. , Rehman Saqib , Amer Kamal , Haydel Christopher 
Published: June 2017

Background:
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic drug that has been shown to be effective in reducing blood loss and the need for transfusions after several orthopaedic surgeries. However, the effectiveness of TXA use in orthopaedic fracture surgeries still remains unclear. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to review existing literature with interest in the effectiveness and safety of TXA treatment in reducing total blood loss and transfusion rates for patients who underwent surgery for fracture repairs.

Methods:
An electronic literature search of PubMed, Embase, OVID, and the Cochrane Library was conducted to identify studies published before December 2016. All randomized controlled trials and cohort studies evaluating the efficacy of TXA during fracture repair surgeries were identified. Primary outcome measures included the number of patients receiving a blood transfusion and perioperative total blood loss. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) statistical software.

Results:
Seven studies encompassing 559 patients met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Our meta-analysis indicated that when compared with the placebo control group, the use of TXA in fracture surgeries significantly reduced total blood loss by approximately 330 mL (P = 0.009), reduced the transfusion rate with a relative risk of 0.54 (P < 0.001), and decreased the drop of hemoglobin by 0.76 g/dL (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the number of thromboembolic events among the study groups (P = 0.24).

Conclusions:
This study demonstrated that tranexamic acid may be used in orthopaedic fracture surgeries to reduce total blood loss, transfusion rates, and the drop in hemoglobin level, without increasing risk of venous thrombo-embolism. A limitation to these findings is the small number of studies available. Further studies need to be conducted to confirm these findings.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The Hyperextension Tibial Plateau Fracture Pattern: A Predictor of Poor Outcome
Authors: Gonzalez Leah J. , Lott Ariana , Konda Sanjit , Egol Kenneth A. 
Published: June 2017

Objectives:
To assess the outcome of patients with hyperextension bicondylar tibial plateau fractures (HEBTPs) and those with other complex tibial plateau fractures.

Design:
Retrospective cohort design.

Setting:
Academic Medical Center.

Patients:
A total of 84 patients were included in the study. There were 69 patients with 69 knees (82%) that had sustained non-HEBTPs and 15 patients with 15 knees (18%) that had HEBTPs.

Intervention:
Surgical repair of bicondylar tibial plateau fracture.

Main Outcome Measures:
Clinical and functional outcomes included knee range of motion, postoperative alignment, numerical rating scale pain scores, and Short Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment (SMFA) scores at long-term follow-up. Complications were recorded for both cohorts including infection and posttraumatic osteoarthritis.

Results:
There was no difference in knee range of motion at 1-year follow-up between hyperextension and nonhypertension patients. Patients with hyperextension mechanisms did however have higher functional (SMFA) scores and a trend of higher pain scores, indicating worsened functional outcomes and were more likely than their nonhyperextension mechanism counterparts to have associated soft-tissue damage and to develop posttraumatic osteoarthritis.

Conclusions:
Non-HEBTP and HEBTP fracture patients have similar outcomes in terms of range of motion at approximately 1 year of follow-up, however, differ significantly in terms of functional recovery and the types of complications associated with their injuries.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Capecitabine and Celecoxib as a Promising Therapy for Thymic Neoplasms
Authors: Wood Kevin , Byron Elizabeth , Janisch Linda , Salgia Ravi , Sharma Manish R. 
Published: June 2017

Objectives:
For patients with unresectable or metastatic thymic epithelial neoplasms, few therapy options are available and outcomes are poor. This case series demonstrates that the combination of capecitabine and celecoxib may be a promising therapeutic option for these patients.

Materials and Methods:
The current report describes the outcomes of 5 patients with thymic neoplasms treated on a drug-drug interaction study of capecitabine and celecoxib in patients with advanced solid malignancies (NCT01705106) conducted at the University of Chicago, plus a sixth patient treated with the same regimen outside of the protocol.

Results:
Six patients with thymic neoplasms were treated with capecitabine 1000 mg/m2 twice daily and celecoxib 200 mg twice daily, day 1 to day 14 on a 21-day cycle. This included 3 patients with thymic carcinoma, 1 with thymic neuroendocrine tumor, and 2 with thymomas. Objective response rates were noted in 3 of 6 patients. Two of the 3 thymic carcinoma patients had complete responses, and the third had a partial response. Best response for the other patients included stable disease for both thymoma patients and progressive disease for the thymic neuroendocrine patient. Other than grade 3 palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia, which developed in 4 of 6 patients and required dose reductions, the regimen was well tolerated.

Conclusions:
This case series suggests that capecitabine plus celecoxib may be an effective and well-tolerated treatment option for patients with thymic carcinoma. Further studies should be carried out to establish the efficacy of capecitabine plus celecoxib in thymic carcinoma, and to determine whether monotherapy with capecitabine would be similarly effective.
Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Gordon Shayna , Fischer Caroline , Martin Ann , Rosman Ilana S. , Council M. Laurin 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND
Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is a rare, locally aggressive cutaneous neoplasm that commonly occurs on the face.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this article is to comprehensively review the current literature on MAC pertaining to epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, histology, immunohistochemistry, prognosis, follow-up, and treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
An extensive literature review was conducted using OVID MEDLINE and PubMed to identify articles relating to MAC.

RESULTS
Microcystic adnexal carcinoma typically presents as a skin-colored nodule on the face. The pathogenesis is mostly related to pilar and eccrine differentiation. Histologically, MAC can mimic syringoma, desmoplastic trichoepithelioma, and infiltrative basal cell carcinoma. Diagnosis is challenging because superficial shave biopsies may reveal only benign findings that do not warrant further management. A deep biopsy is mandatory for the correct diagnosis, and Mohs micrographic surgery provides the highest cure rate.

CONCLUSION
Microcystic adnexal carcinoma is a locally aggressive disease with histological margins that often far surpass what is clinically suspected. Mohs micrographic surgery is the standard of care for removal of these lesions. Patients with a history of MAC should be examined at least every 6 months for recurrence, metastasis, and development of additional skin cancers.
Morphometric Analysis of the Orbital Process of the Palatine Bone and its Relationship to Endoscopic Orbital Apex Surgery
Authors: Mueller Sarina K. , Freitag Suzanne K. , Bleier Benjamin S. 
Published: June 2017

Background:
Endoscopic approaches to the orbit improve the ability to directly access apical lesions while minimizing manipulation of normal structures. Inferomedial orbital access is limited by the orbital process of the palatine bone (OPPB) which prevents dissection and retraction in the inferolateral vector.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to examine the morphometric characteristics of the OPPB and quantify the benefit of complete resection to surgical access.

Methods:
Morphometric osteologic measurements of the OPPB were performed in 59 human skulls. A radius subtended by the OPPB was calculated to generate a hemispheric dissection corridor achievable by complete resection of the OPPB. Cadaveric and live surgical dissections were then performed on 15 orbits to develop discreet endoscopic surgical landmarks which could be used to both identify the OPPB and verify complete resection.

Results:
The mean(± SD) radius of the OPPB was 0.47 ± 0.28 cm. Complete OPPB resection provided an additional 0.36 ± 0.42 cm3 of surgical exposure within the inferomedial apex. Relative to the Caucasian (n = 27) skulls, the radii in the Asian (n = 27) and African (n = 5) skulls were significantly smaller (p < 0.001 and p = 0.02, respectively).

Conclusion:
The OPPB significantly limits surgical access to the inferomedial orbital apex during endoscopic approaches. Complete surgical resection of the OPPB improves surgical exposure facilitating retraction of the inferior rectus muscle and circumferential dissection of lesions within this space. Knowledge of the morphology and clinical relevance of this structure provides an opportunity to improve surgical exposure for relevant pathologic assessment and optimize endoscopic surgical outcomes.
A Prospective, Randomized Comparison of Lower Eyelid Retraction Repair With Autologous Auricular Cartilage, Bovine Acellular Dermal Matrix (Surgimend), and Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix (Enduragen) Spacer Grafts
Authors: Barmettler Anne , Heo Moonseong 
Published: June 2017

Purpose:
To compare outcomes of lower eyelid retraction repair with 3 types of spacer grafts: autologous auricular cartilage, bovine acellular dermal matrix (Surgimend, Integra, Plainsboro, NJ), porcine acellular dermal matrix (Enduragen, Stryker, Kalamazoo, MI).

Methods:
A prospective, randomized clinical trial was conducted in patients undergoing lower eyelid retraction repair with spacer graft. Subjects received autologous auricular cartilage, bovine acellular dermal matrix, or porcine acellular dermal matrix between June 2015 and July 2016. Patient demographics, margin to reflex distance 2, conjunctival injection, eyelid swelling, tearing, discomfort, itching, and complications were recorded preoperatively and at postoperative week 1, month 1, month 3, and month 6.

Results:
Of the 49 randomized lower eyelids (39 patients), 42 eyelids (32 patients) completed the study. The preoperative margin to reflex distance 2, conjunctival injection, eyelid swelling, tearing, discomfort, and itching showed no statistical difference. Postoperative week 1 swelling was statistically significantly higher in auricular cartilage, followed by bovine acellular dermal matrix, then porcine acellular dermal matrix (p = 0.04). The mean postoperative month 6 margin to reflex distance 2 trended toward a better outcome from auricular cartilage over bovine acellular dermal matrix (p = 0.029), but after p was adjusted for multiple pairwise comparisons, this was no longer statistically significant (p = 0.088). All other postoperative 6-month measurements showed no statistical difference.

Conclusions:
Among patients randomized to 3 types of spacer grafts for lower eyelid retraction repair, outcomes were not statistically significant different when the 3 groups were compared.
Quadriceps Tendon-Bone or Patellar Tendon-Bone Autografts When Reconstructing the Anterior Cruciate Ligament: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Riaz Osman , Aqil Adeel , Mannan Ashim , Hossain Fahad , Ali Mubusher , Chakrabarty Gautam , Radcliffe Graham 
Published: June 2017

Objective:
We aimed to quantitatively assess the outcomes of studies, comparing the use of Bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) and the quadriceps tendon-bone (QTB) autografts when reconstructing the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).

Data Sources:
MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL databases were searched for relevant articles published between January 1980 and January 2015 for the purpose of identifying studies comparing BPTB and QTB autografts for ACL reconstruction. Included studies were assessed regarding their methodological quality before analysis. Outcomes analyzed were graft failure rates, objective and subjective stability assessments, as well as the presence and severity of donor site morbidity.

Main Results:
Five studies contributed to the quantitative analysis of 806 patients with 452 patients included in the BPTB group and 354 patients in the QTB group. Graft failure rates were similar between the 2 groups [odds ratio (OR) = 0.61; confidence interval (CI) = 0.17-2.15; Z = 0.78, P = 0.44]. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups when testing anteroposterior stability using an arthrometer (standardized mean difference = 0.07; CI = −0.12-0.25; Z = 0.70, P = 0.48). At 1 year postoperatively, there was no difference in the percentage of patients with a positive pivot shift test between the 2 groups (OR = 1.0; CI = 0.85-1.18; Z = 0.01, P = 0.99). However, significantly less patients had graft site pain 1 year after surgery in the QTB group (OR = 0.10; CI = 0.02-0.43; Z = 3.12, P = 0.002). Similarly, fewer patients reported moderate to severe pain while kneeling, in the QTB group (OR = 0.16; CI = 0.07-0.37; Z = 4.26, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates comparable survival rates and joint stability when BPTB and QTB grafts are used. However, fewer adverse donor site symptoms are evident with QTB grafts.

Level of Evidence:
III.