bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limited Presence of IL-22 Binding Protein, a Natural IL-22 Inhibitor, Strengthens Psoriatic Skin Inflammation
Authors: Martin Jérôme C. , Wolk Kerstin , Bériou Gaëlle , Abidi Ahmed , Witte-Händel Ellen , Louvet Cédric , Kokolakis Georgios , Drujont Lucile , Dumoutier Laure , Renauld Jean-Christophe , Sabat Robert , Josien Régis 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease resulting from dysregulated immune activation associated with a large local secretion of cytokines. Among them, IL-22 largely contributes to epithelial remodeling and inflammation through inhibiting the terminal differentiation of keratinocytes and inducing antimicrobial peptides and selected chemokines. The activity of IL-22 is regulated by IL-22 binding protein (IL-22BP); however, the expression and role of IL-22BP in psoriatic skin has remained unknown so far. Here we showed that nonaffected skin of psoriasis patients displayed lower expression of IL-22BP than skin of healthy controls. Furthermore, the strong IL-22 increase in lesional psoriatic skin was accompanied by a moderate induction of IL-22BP. To investigate the role of IL-22BP in controlling IL-22 during skin inflammation, we used imiquimod-induced skin disease in rodents and showed that rats with genetic IL-22BP deficiency (Il22ra2−/−) displayed exacerbated disease that associated with enhanced expression of IL-22–inducible antimicrobial peptides. We further recapitulated these findings in mice injected with an anti–IL-22BP neutralizing Ab. Hypothesizing that the IL-22/IL-22BP expression ratio reflects the level of bioactive IL-22 in psoriasis skin, we found positive correlations with the expression of IL-22–inducible molecules (IL-20, IL-24, IL-36γ, CXCL1, and BD2) in keratinocytes. Finally, we observed that serum IL-22/IL-22BP protein ratio strongly correlated with psoriasis severity. In conclusion, we propose that although IL-22BP can control deleterious actions of IL-22 in the skin, its limited production prevents a sufficient neutralization of IL-22 and contributes to the development and maintenance of epidermal alterations in psoriasis.
ART adherence clubs: A long-term retention strategy for clinically stable patients receiving antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Wilkinson Lynne Susan 
Published: March 2017

The ART-adherence club model described here provides patient-friendly access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) for clinically stable patients. It reduces the burden that stable patients place on healthcare facilities, increasing clinical human resources for new patients, and those clinically unstable and at risk of failing treatment. In the model, 30 patients are allocated to an ART club. The group meets either at a facility or community venue for less than an hour every 2 months. Group meetings are facilitated by a lay club facilitator who provides a quick clinical assessment, referral where necessary, and dispenses pre-packed ART. From January 2011 to December 2012, after adoption for phased rollout by the Western Cape Government, more than 600 ART clubs were established in Cape Town, providing ART care to over 16 000 patients. This extensive, rapid rollout demonstrates active buy-in from patients and facility staff. South Africa should consider a similar model for national rollout.
Guideline for the prevention, diagnosis and management of cryptococcal meningitis among HIV-infected persons: 2013 update
Authors: Southern African HIV Clinicians Society The 
Published: March 2017

Six years after the first Society guidelines were published, cryptococcal meningitis (CM) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected adults in South Africa. Several important developments have spurred the publication of updated guidelines to manage this common fungal opportunistic infection. Recommendations described here include: (1) screening and pre-emptive treatment; (2) laboratory diagnosis and monitoring; (3) management of a first episode of CM; (4) amphotericin B deoxycholate toxicity prevention, monitoring and management; (5) timing of antiretroviral therapy among patients with CM; (6) management of raised intracranial pressure; (7) management of relapse episodes of CM.
Managing AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma and pregnancy
Authors: Barnardt Pieter 
Published: March 2017

An estimated 30 - 40% of HIV-infected patients are likely to develop cancer during the progression of their disease. The occurrence of malignancy among these patients represents a difficult challenge in their care. Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) – currently the most common tumour observed with an estimated incidence of 15 - 20% – represents the first manifestation of AIDS in 30 - 40% of patients. Any organ may be involved, but the gastrointestinal tract and lung remain the most frequently involved locations. The case described here presented a clinical and ethical dilemma where visceral KS, pregnancy and medical complications required multi-disciplinary management.
Clinical challenge: Deteriorating liver function in TB and HIV co-treatment
Authors: Venter Francois , Masingi Ntsakisi , Stacey Sarah , Fidler Sarah 
Published: March 2017

Editor’s note: In this section of the Journal, we present complex, real-world HIV medicine cases to two experienced clinicians working in very different environments, and ask them to describe the approach that they would take if they saw the case in their local hospital setting. In our first edition, a patient with deteriorating liver function is presented by Prof. Francois Venter and Dr Ntsakisi Masingi, and then discussed by Dr Sarah Stacey in Johannesburg and Dr Sarah Fidler in London.
Rabbit meat sector value chain
Authors: Baviera-Puig A. , Buitrago-Vera J. , Escriba-Perez C. , Montero-Vicente L. 
Published: March 2017

<p>The aim of this research was to study the cuniculture industry in Spain, according to the Food Value Chain model, and analyse what its main operators are. Four components were identified in the rabbit meat production chain: input suppliers, producers, abattoirs and cutting plants and distribution. Distribution can follow 2 paths, the traditional channel and the modern or large-scale distribution channel. Rabbit feed, which represents the main input for producers, is a minority product, especially when compared to feeds formulated for other livestock species, as its manufacture calls for specialist companies. Rabbit production is linked to the rural environment and constitutes a significant economic option, not only for farms but also for the industry around it, such as feed producers and distributors, technicians, slaughterhouses or leather processors, among others. Rabbit farms are generally independent and not usually integrated, as found in other types of livestock. Slaughterhouses currently represent one of the main axes of the rabbit meat production chain and are either focused on traditional or large-scale distribution. The main strategic changes are apparent in slaughterhouses focused on large-scale distribution by seeking cooperative ways of working, using slaughterhouse groupings and vertical integration processes. This way, they manage to adjust margins by working with economies of scale and, ultimately, lower prices. Slaughterhouses whose strategies are based on traditional distribution may achieve higher margins than those focusing their efforts on large-scale distribution, but their growth is limited. In traditional retail premises, the majority of sales consist of whole carcasses in bulk, which are prepared and quartered as per consumer tastes. Large-scale retail distribution outlets sell both cut produce from the meat counters located in their own premises and pre-packaged products, more suited to self-service formulae. Brand presence is minimal, as is that of processed or semiprocessed products. This current situation requires support from the entire sector in order to provide rabbit<br />meat with new features better adapted to consumers’ needs, above and beyond price and with greater added value.</p>
Comparative Evaluation of Anatomical and Pathological Features on Computed Tomography Scan with Intraoperative Findings in Frontal Sinus Pathology
Authors: Chakraborty Sourav , Verma Deepak , Lade Himani , Malik Noor UD 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTTo compare the anatomical and pathological features on computed tomography (CT) scan with intraoperative findings in cases of frontal sinus disease. This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary referral center, and a total of 30 patients who were refractory to conservative medical treatment undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for frontal sinus disease were included in the study. Preoperative CT scans were done with axial and coronal cuts with a sagittal reconstruction to obtain a better idea about the frontal recess anatomy. The areas that were studied preoperatively on CT scan were frontal sinus pathology, pattern of sinus involvement, superior attachment of uncinate process, frontal sinus drainage pathway, agger nasi cell, frontal cell, frontal bullar cell, and supraorbital ethmoidal cell. A good correlation was obtained between the CT findings and intraoperative findings.How to cite this articleChakraborty S, Verma D, Lade H, Malik NUD. Comparative Evaluation of Anatomical and Pathological Features on Computed Tomography Scan with Intraoperative Findings in Frontal Sinus Pathology. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2017;10(1):6-10.
Outcome of Single- vs Multiple-visit Endodontic Therapy of Nonvital Teeth: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Almeida Dulce O , Chaves Sônia CL , Souza Ronaldo A , Soares Felipe F 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Endodontic therapy is a specialized procedure more demanded by patients within public oral health care in the country. Then, single-visit endodontic therapy may offer advantages to the health care services, to the professionals, and to the patients by reducing access barriers.

Materials and methods
A meta-analysis was done and the variables evaluated were periapical repair, microbiological control, and postobturation pain in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) involving endodontic treatment of nonvital teeth at single- or multiple visits.

Results
About 17 RCTs were included. There were no differences found in periapical repair or microbiological control in single- and multiple-visit therapy. Single-visit endodontic therapy resulted in 21% less postobturation pain (relative risks = 0.79; 95%, confidence interval: 0.66-0.94).

Conclusion
There was less postobturation pain in the single-visit endodontic therapy group. In the public dental care, this analysis favors the adoption of this one therapy because it will be possible to increase the patient access and the supply of this therapy.

Clinical significance
It is possible to get a better cost-effectiveness for the patients and the health care service. This is very important because the reduction of the cost to the patient allows it to become a complete treatment. The health service, in turn, is able to be better used, with a greater supply of this service.

How to cite this article
Almeida DO, Chaves SCL, Souza RA, Soares FF. Outcome of Single- vs Multiple-visit Endodontic Therapy of Nonvital Teeth: A Meta-analysis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(4):330-336.
British Intelligence and Hitler’s Empire in the Soviet Union, 1941–1945
Authors: Ben Wheatley 
Published: March 2017

This is the first detailed study of Britain’s open source intelligence (OSINT) operations during the Second World War, showing how accurate and influential OSINT could be and ultimately how those who analysed this intelligence would shape British post-war policy towards the Soviet Union.
Following the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941, the enemy and neutral press covering the German occupation of the Baltic states offered the British government a vital stream of OSINT covering the entire German East. OSINT was the only form of intelligence available to the British from the Nazi-occupied Soviet Union, due to the Foreign Office suspension of all covert intelligence gathering inside the Soviet Union. The risk of jeopardising the fragile Anglo-Soviet alliance was considered too great to continue covert intelligence operations. In this book, Wheatley primarily examines OSINT acquired by the Stockholm Press Reading Bureau (SPRB) in Sweden and analysed and despatched to the British government by the Foreign Research and Press Service (FRPS) Baltic States Section and its successor, the Foreign Office Research Department (FORD).
Shedding light on a neglected area of Second World War intelligence and employing useful case studies of the FRPS/FORD Baltic States Section’s Intelligence, British Intelligence and Hitler’s Empire in the Soviet Union, 1941-1945 makes a new and important argument which will be of great value to students and scholars of British intelligence history and the Second World War.
The History of the Provincial Press in England
Authors: Matthews Rachel 
Published: March 2017

Regional newspapers around the globe are fighting to survive in the face of challenges to their economic model, due to the constant influx of new technology. At the same time, while studies of the national press have created a continuous narrative on the newspaper, the history of the regional press has been subject to relatively little academic scrutiny, despite being a significant industry in terms of a readership, circulation and profit.
By focusing on provincial English newspapers, Matthews makes the case for the larger issue of the future of local newspapers worldwide. She argues that a comprehensive approach to the history of the regional press can result in a conceptualization of the industry in terms of the shift in emphasis between the key elements of state control, ownership, social influence and production techniques. They can be categorized into six distinct stages: the local newspaper as opportunistic creation; the characterization of the local newspaper as fourth estate; the impact of New Journalism; the growth of chain control, the shock of the free paper and new technology and, finally, the current picture, the search for a new business model.
Liz Phair's Exile in Guyville
Authors: Arnold Gina 
Published: March 2017

Although Exile in Guyville was celebrated as one of the year's top records by Spin and the New York Times, it was also, to some, an abomination: a mockery of the Rolling Stones' most revered record and a rare glimpse into the psyche of a shrewd, independent, strong young woman. For these crimes, Liz Phair was run out of her hometown of Chicago, enduring a flame war perpetrated by writers who accused her of being boring, inauthentic, and even a poor musician.
With Exile in Guyville, Phair spoke for all the girls who loved the world of indie rock but felt deeply unwelcome there. Like all great works of art, Exile was a harbinger of the shape of things to come: Phair may have undermined the male ego, but she also unleashed a new female one. For the sake of all the female artists who have benefited from her work-from Sleater-Kinney to Lana Del Rey and back again-it's high time we go back to Guyville.
Talking Heads' Fear of Music
Authors: Lethem Jonathan 
Published: March 2017

It’s the summer of 1979. A fifteen-year-old boy listens to WNEW on the radio in his bedroom in Brooklyn. A monotone voice (it’s the singer’s) announces into dead air in between songs “The Talking Heads have a new album, it’s called Fear of Music” - and everything spins outward from that one moment.
Jonathan Lethem treats Fear of Music (the third album by the Talking Heads, and the first produced by Brian Eno) as a masterpiece - edgy, paranoid, funky, addictive, rhythmic, repetitive, spooky and fun. He scratches obsessively at the album’s songs, guitars, rhythms, lyrics, packaging, downtown origins, and legacy, showing how Fear of Music hints at the directions (positive and negative) the band would take in the future. Lethem transports us again to the New York City of another time - tackling one of his great adolescent obsessions and illuminating the ways in which we fall in and out of love with works of art.
We need to use the words...
Authors: Pasian Beverly 
Published: March 2017

Sometimes it’s important to simply say the words … as it is in the beginning of wisdom that is the definition of terms. When historians look at the world of project management, what will they say that we have said about climate change? Certainly more general—but absolutely legitimate—terms such as ‘sustainability’ have been used, but in a basic term search in the 3 oldest project management journals, I was surprised to see only a few dozen uses of ‘climate change’ as a specific term. Theconversation started a long time ago using those words, and PMRP would like to encourage more with this commentary on one of the central topics of this journal … climate change.
Technical Note: Monitoring of unsteady open channel flows using the continuous slope-area method
Authors: Lee Kyutae , Firoozfar Ali R. , Muste Marian 
Published: March 2017

Abstract. The advent of low-cost pressure transducers capable of directly measuring water surface elevation enables continuous measurements of dynamic water surface slopes. This opens up a new possibility of dynamically monitoring unsteady flows (i.e., hysteresis) during the course of flood wave propagation. Hysteresis in this context refers to a looped stage–discharge rating caused by unsteadiness of flows. Hysteresis is monitored in this study using a continuous slope area (CSA) method, which uses Manning's equation to calculate unsteady discharges based on continuously measured water surface slopes. In the rising stage, water surface slopes become steeper than a steady water surface slope, resulting in higher discharges than steady-based discharges, while the trends are reversed in the falling stage. The CSA method applied to Clear Creek near Oxford (Iowa, USA) estimates the maximum differences of peak discharges by 30–40 %, while it shows sound agreements for a low to medium range of discharges against USGS steady-based records. The primary cause of these differences is the use of a single channel bed slope in deriving Manning's roughness coefficients. The use of a single channel bed slope (conceptually equal to the water surface slopes at every stage in uniform flow conditions) causes substantial errors in estimating the channel roughness, specifically at high stages, because non-uniformities of natural channels result in varying (non-uniform) steady water surface slopes at each stage. While the CSA method is promising for dynamically tracking unsteady water surface slopes and flows in natural streams, more studies are still needed to increase the accuracy of the CSA method in future research.
Gifts and Calling: Coming to Terms with Jews as Covenantal Partners
Authors: Cunningham Philip A. 
Published: March 2017

This article examines the theological terminology used in the 2015 Vatican statement, "The Gifts and the Calling of God Are Irrevocable." It particularly analyzes the words "salvation," "Christ," "promise and fulfillment," and the cluster of terms "evangelization, mission, witness, and dialogue." After noting that "Gifts and Calling" does not always carefully define its use of such expressions, and that Christians and Jews often understand even common terms in different ways, the essay also recommends terminological refinements as the Christian-Jewish dialogue further matures in the future.
Covenant, Universal Mission, and Fulfillment
Authors: Madges William 
Published: March 2017

This article examines the theological relationship between Judaism and Christianity, as articulated in the 2015 document from the Pontifical Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews, entitled “The Gifts and the Calling of God are Irrevocable.” On one hand, the Vatican document re-affirms the positive estimation of Judaism expressed in the Second Vatican Council’s Nostra aetate (1965), and it rejects Christian replacement theology. On the other, it reiterates Pope Benedict XVI’s single-covenant understanding of the Jewish-Christian relationship, and it affirms a theology of fulfillment. Although a theology of fulfillment tends in the direction of supersessionism, the Vatican document contains resources for avoiding a re-lapse into supersessionism by using sibling language to describe the relationship and by emphasizing the uniqueness of each tradition.
INTERAÇAO PRECOCE MAE-BEBÊ E A CONCEPÇÃO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL INICIAL
Authors: Moura Maria Lucia Seidl de , Ribas Adriana F. P. 
Published: March 2017

Este trabalho integra uma linha de investigações que tem tentado articular a perspectiva sócio-cultural com outras vertentes de investigação: a do desenvolvimento infantil inicial e a das interações adulto-bebe Foram identificados elementos que constituem os contextos de interação mãe-bebê (e. g. cenários , atividades , episódios de interação e tentativa de interação e representações) e investigadas relações entre as concepções de mães acerca das competências dos bebes e a natureza de suas atividades e interações com eles. Q uir^Lze díades mãe-bebe recém-nascido foram filmadas durante 20 minutos em suas residências. Foram utilizados uma metodologia de observação e um questionário (QCBR) desenvolvidos pelo próprio grupo de pesquisa. Foi identificada correlação significativa entre o índice de atividade da mãe e o escore total no QCBR. Não foi identificada correlação entre o escore total no QCBR e a variável interação. Tais resultados coníribuem para uma melhor compreensão do desenvolvimento cognitivo como processo inseparável do contexto social.
События на рубеже эоцена и олигоцена в средних широтах Центральной Евразии, "Доклады Академии наук"
Authors: Ахметьев М.А. , Гаврилов Ю.О. , Запорожец Н.И. 
Published: March 2017

Детализированы разрезы переходных слоев эоцена и олигоцена (приабонский, рюпельский ярусы) Арало-Тургайского, Западно-Сибирского, Волго-Донского регионов и Крымско-Кавказской области [1] c оценкой событий глобального биосферного кризиса на этом рубеже. Вопреки сложившемуся представлению о постепенной регрессии в приабоне с осушением внутренних морских бассейнов установлено, что перед уходом моря происходила повторная трансгрессия, продолжавшаяся около 1 млн лет с потеплением и увлажнением климата. Финальную регрессивную фазу (130-200 тыс. лет) сопровождали частые эвстатические, климатические колебания, перестройкa изотопно-геохими­ческого фона, рекурренция на границе между отделами в некоторых непрерывных разрезах.
Carbon dioxide trends in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere
Authors: Qian Liying , Burns Alan G. , Solomon Stanley C. , Wang Wenbin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe investigated trends of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the upper atmosphere, using data from the Atmosphere Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer and from the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry. Recent analyses of these measurements had indicated that CO2 above approximately 90 km appeared to be increasing about twice as fast as it was in the lower atmosphere. Models could not reproduce this differential CO2 trend, calculating instead that the proportional CO2 increase is approximately constant with altitude. We found three issues with the methodologies used to derive trends from CO2 profiles: the way that seasonal changes and sampling are accounted for in the analysis, referred to as deseasonalizing; the registration of profiles in pressure versus altitude coordinates; and data quality indicators. Each of these can have significant effects on the derivation of trends. We applied several deseasonalizing procedures, using both pressure and altitude coordinates, also used a time series fit without deseasonalizing, and applied data quality filters. The derived trends were approximately constant with pressure or altitude, about 5.5% per decade, consistent with lower atmosphere CO2 trends, and consistent with model calculations. We conclude that the difference between the trend of CO2 above the CO2 homopause and the trend in the lower, well‐mixed atmosphere is not statistically significant.