bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Migraine is related to an increased risk of Parkinson’s disease: A population-based, propensity score-matched, longitudinal follow-up study
Authors: Wang Hsin-I , Ho Yu-Chun , Huang Ya-Ping , Pan Shin-Liang 
Published: February 2016

Background The association between migraine and Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains controversial. The purpose of the present population-based, propensity score-matched follow-up study was to investigate whether migraineurs are at a higher risk of developing PD. Methods A total of 41,019 subjects aged between 40 and 90 years with at least two ambulatory visits with a diagnosis of migraine in 2001 were enrolled in the migraine group. A logistic regression model that included age, sex, pre-existing comorbidities and socioeconomic status as covariates was used to compute the propensity score. The non-migraine group consisted of 41,019 propensity score-matched, randomly sampled subjects without migraine. The PD-free survival rate were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Stratified Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate the effect of migraine on the risk of developing PD. Results During follow-up, 148 subjects in the migraine group and 101 in the non-migraine group developed PD. Compared to the non-migraine group, the hazard ratio of PD for the migraine group was 1.64 (95% confidence interval: 1.25–2.14, p = 0.0004). The PD-free survival rate for the migraine group was significantly lower than that for the non-migraine group ( p = 0.0041). Conclusions This study showed an increased risk of developing PD in patients with migraine.
Decreased levels of aquaporin-4 in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Authors: Doppler Kathrin , Schütt Morten , Sommer Claudia 
Published: February 2016

Background Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is characterized by increased intracranial pressure. Its pathogenesis is largely unknown. Aquaporins may play a role in the homeostasis of cerebrospinal fluid. Methods We aimed to elucidate the role of aquaporins in idiopathic intracranial hypertension by measuring the level of aquaporin-1 and aquaporin-4 in the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of 28 patients and 29 controls by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The adipokines leptin and retinol-binding protein 4 were also measured. Results We found a reduction in aquaporin-4 in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients. Leptin levels were increased in the cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of patients and were correlated with weight, body mass index and body fat. There was no difference between patients and controls in the levels of aquaporin-4 and retinol-binding protein 4. Conclusion Our data suggest that an imbalance of aquaporin-4 in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension may contribute to the pathogenesis of this disorder.
Gray matter changes related to medication overuse in patients with chronic migraine
Authors: Lai Tzu-Hsien , Chou Kung-Hsien , Fuh Jong-Ling , Lee Pei-Lin , Kung Yi-Chia , Lin Ching-Po , Wang Shuu-Jiun 
Published: February 2016

Objective The objective of this article is to investigate the neurological substrates associated with medication overuse (MO) in patients with chronic migraine (CM). Methods We recruited age- and sex-matched CM patients with MO (CMwMO), CM patients without MO (CMwoMO), and healthy controls (HCs). Magnetic resonance T1-weighted images were processed by voxel-based morphometry, and the findings were correlated with clinical variables and treatment responses. Results A total of 66 patients with CM (half with MO) and 33 HCs completed the study. Patients with CMwMO compared to the patients with CMwoMO showed gray matter volume (GMV) decrease in the orbitofrontal cortex and left middle occipital gyrus as well as GMV increase in the left temporal pole/parahippocampus. The GMV changes explained 31.1% variance of the analgesics use frequency. The patients who responded to treatment had greater GMV in the orbitofrontal cortex ( p = 0.028). Patients with CM (with and without MO), compared with HCs, had decreased GMV at multiple brain areas including the frontal, temporal and occipital lobes, precuneus and cerebellum. Conclusions Our study showed GMV changes in CMwMO patients compared to the CMwoMO patients. These three cerebral regions accounted for significant variance in analgesics use frequency. Moreover, the GMV of the orbitofrontal cortex was predictive of the response to MO treatments.
Lichenometric and Radiocarbon Dating of Holocene Glaciation, Cordillera Blanca, Perú
Authors: Rodbell Donald T. 
Published: February 2016

Measurements of Rhizocarpon subgenus Rhizocarpon thalli on moraines the ages of which are constrained by six radiocarbon dates, two pre-Colombian structures, and one historically-dated flood deposit indicate that lichenometry can be used to estimate the age of stabilization of glacial deposits that date to the last c. 7 ka on the west side of the Cordillera Blanca, Perú (8°40′-9°40'S; 77°00′-77°40'W). The preliminary growth curve for subgenus Rhizocarpon resembles those derived for alpine areas in Alaska and Colorado, and can be subdivided into an initial, rapid phase of growth (c. 0.4 mm yr-1) that lasts c. 100 years, a c. 500-to 1000-year-long phase of decelerating growth, and a period of slow linear growth (0.016 mm yr-1) that commences after c. 1000 years. Size clustering of subgenus Rhizocarpon thalli supports a four-fold subdivision of cirque moraines at altitudes between 4200 and 4650 m. The oldest moraines stabilized between c. 7000 and 6000 BP, and the three younger groups between c. 3350 and 1800 BP, between c. 1250 and 400 BP. and within the last 100 years. This subdivision is supported by limiting radiocarbon dates from the Cordillera Blanca and from several cordilleras in southern Perú, and indicates that the Holocene glacial chronology of the Cordillera Blanca is the most complete heretofore recognized in the tropical Andes.
Global Surface Air Temperature Variations During the Twentieth Century: Part 1, Spatial, Temporal and Seasonal Details
Authors: Jones P. D. , Briffa K. R. 
Published: February 2016

This paper is an up-to-date review of instrumentally-recorded, seasonal, surface temperature change across the land and marine regions of the world during the twentieth century. This is the first part of a two part series. The second part will deal with the interpretation of proxy-climate data in terms of large-scale hemispheric or global-scale temperature averages for the Holocene. In Part 1, we review the uncertainties associated with combining land and marine instrumental records to produce regional-average series. The surface air temperature of the world has warmed 0.5°C since the middle of the nineteenth century. The warming in the Northern Hemisphere only occurred in winter, spring and autumn. Summers are now no warmer than in the 1860s and 1870s. The same half-degree warming is seen in all seasons in the Southern Hemisphere. Spatial patterns of temperature anomalies during two warm decades, the 1930s and 1980s, all vary from season to season. Temperatures during the 1980s were by far the warmest in the last 140 years. Though most areas of the world experienced above normal temperatures, the variability from season to season was notable in the Northern Hemisphere where much of the warmth was in winter and spring over northern and central Asia and northwestern North America. Almost all of the Southern Hemisphere was warmer during these years.
Telemedicine to support coping resources in home-living patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Patients’ experiences
Authors: Vatnøy Torunn K , Thygesen Elin , Dale Bjørg 
Published: February 2016

Introduction The way in which telemedicine contributes to promote coping and independence might be undervalued in the development of telemedicine solutions and the implementation of telemedicine interventions. This study explored how home-living patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experienced follow-up using telemedicine, and the extent to which the implemented technology was able to support and improve the patients’ coping resources and independence. Methods A qualitative approach with individual semi-structured interviews was used. Ten patients diagnosed with COPD participated. The data were transcribed verbatim and a qualitative content analysis method was used, including analyses of the manifest and latent content of the texts. Results The participants’ positive attitude to handling and understanding the technology and the positive and negative feelings related to use the technology derived the theme: “The telemedicine solution is experienced as comprehensible and manageable and provides meaning in daily life”. The importance of telemedicine services that provided trust and confidence, the intervention’s impact on independence and self-management and the intervention’s ability to support integrity and meaning in life, derived the theme: “The telemedicine intervention contributes to stress reduction caused by illness burden and facilitates living as normally as possible”. Discussion The impact of a telemedicine intervention might be influenced by the experience of a technological solution that requires little effort to deal with, while it must also provide meaning in life. Furthermore, the telenurses’ expertise and the intervention’s flexibility, i.e. possibilities for individual adaption, might promote coping to facilitate living as normally as possible despite illness.
Increased CSF tau level is correlated with decreased lamina cribrosa thickness
Authors: Lee Eun Ji , Kim Tae-Woo , Lee Dae Seung , Kim Hyunjoong , Park Young Ho , Kim Jungeun , Lee Joon Woo , Kim SangYun 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Background
This study was to investigate whether the previously proposed link between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and decreased retinal nerve fiber layer thickness could be explained by the relationship between abnormal CSF profiles and optic nerve head characteristics, focusing on the influence of CSF tau protein on the lamina cribrosa (LC) thickness (LCT).

Methods
A total of 44 eyes from 18 patients with AD and 26 healthy subjects were subjected to enhanced-depth-imaging volume scanning of the optic nerve using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. The B-scan images were constructed three-dimensionally using maximum intensity projection (MIP), and the LCT was measured at three locations (superior midperipheral, midhorizontal, and inferior midperipheral) using the thin-slab MIP images. CSF levels of amyloid β 1-42 peptide, (Aβ1–42), total tau (T-tau) and tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (P-tau181P) were measured from CSF samples of each subject. The relationship between the level of CSF proteins and the LCT was determined using linear regression and fractional polynomial analyses.

Results
Univariate regression analysis revealed that higher CSF levels of T-tau (P = 0.004) and P-tau181P (P = 0.027), as well as a smaller central corneal thickness (P = 0.032), were significantly associated with a smaller LCT. Multivariate analysis indicated that only CSF T-tau (P = 0.041) was significantly associated with the LCT. The relationship was well explained by both linear regression (R2 = 0.179, P = 0.004) and fractional polynomial analysis (R2 = 0.275, P = 0.001). When we performed an assessment by linear regression with an indicator, the relationship was significant both in the healthy and AD groups, with a stronger correlation found in the healthy group (regression coefficients = -1.098 vs. -0.280, P = 0.018).

Conclusions
An increased CSF level of T-tau was significantly associated with a thinner LCT in both the healthy and AD groups. This result suggests that LCT could serve as a potential non-invasive indicator for increased CSF tau. The clinical meaning of the higher level of CSF T-tau in axonal degeneration of the optic nerve remains to be determined.
On the Use of Conventional Dough Extension Tests in Characterising Flours for Dough Sheetability. I. Experiments
Authors: Patel Milan J. , Chakrabarti-Bell Sumana 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The Brabender Extensigraph is commonly used to measure dough strength by stretching a strand of dough until it tears. Data for extension and force are used to rate flours for strength, baking and processing qualities of doughs. The present study was carried out to examine how dough strength relates to dough sheetability. The latter was measured using an instrumented dough sheeter which provided data for dough thickness and roll-closing forces as a pad of dough was sheeted by passing back and forth through a set of rollers with reducing roll-gaps. Doughs were tested fresh and after 45 min of resting for a range of flours. The correlations between dough strength and dough sheetability were poor at all times. The roll forces were affected by dough thickness at each pass indicating dough elasticity affected dough stretchability. Doughs were found to become more elastic following resting.
Classification of Ordered Semigroups in Terms of Generalized Interval-Valued Fuzzy Interior Ideals
Authors: Khan Hidayat Ullah , Sarmin Nor Haniza , Khan Asghar , Khan Faiz Muhammad 
Published: February 2016

AbstractSeveral applied fields dealing with decision-making process may not be successfully modeled by ordinary fuzzy sets. In such a situation, the interval-valued fuzzy set theory is more applicable than the fuzzy set theory. Using a new approach of “quasi-coincident with relation”, which is a central focused idea for several researchers, we introduced the more general form of the notion of (α,β)-fuzzy interior ideal. This new concept is called interval-valued$( \in ,{\rm{ }} \in \; \vee \;{{\rm{q}}_{\tilde k}})$-fuzzy interior ideal of ordered semigroup. As an attempt to investigate the relationships between ordered semigroups and fuzzy ordered semigroups, it is proved that in regular ordered semigroups, the interval-valued$( \in ,{\rm{ }} \in \; \vee \;{{\rm{q}}_{\tilde k}})$-fuzzy ideals and interval-valued$( \in ,{\rm{ }} \in \; \vee \;{{\rm{q}}_{\tilde k}})$-fuzzy interior ideals coincide. It is also shown that the intersection of non-empty class of interval-valued$( \in ,{\rm{ }} \in \; \vee \;{{\rm{q}}_{\tilde k}})$-fuzzy interior ideals of an ordered semigroup is also an interval-valued$( \in ,{\rm{ }} \in \; \vee \;{{\rm{q}}_{\tilde k}})$-fuzzy interior ideal.
Activity, movement, home range and habitat use of an adult gray wolf in a Mediterranean landscape of northern Greece
Authors: Karamanlidis Alexandros A. , de Gabriel Hernando Miguel , Georgiadis Lazaros , Kusak Josip 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWe present the results of a study on the activity patterns of a wolf in northwestern Greece (2011–2012). The home range of the wolf was 460.5 km
Crystal structure of trans-tetraaqua-bis(4,4′-sulfonyldipyridine-κN)zinc(II) diperchlorate dihydrate, C20H28Cl2ZnN4O18S2
Authors: Zhou Rong , Liu An Jie 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
C20H28Cl2Zn4O18S2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 8.0835(16) Å, b = 17.389(4) Å, c = 11.576(2) Å, β = 106.59(3)°, V = 1559.4(6) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0505, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1511, T = 296 K.
The crystal structure of 1-(2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-4-chlorophenyl)ethanone, C14H10Cl2O2
Authors: Jianlong Wang , Lizhen Chen 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
C14H10Cl2O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 13.448(7) Å, b = 7.6635(5) Å, c = 13.638(6) Å, β = 117.14(6)°, V = 1250.7(9) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0318, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0738, T = 104.8 K.
Crystal structure of (Z)-5-(4-chlorobenzylidene)-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one —dimethylsulfoxide (1:1), C12H12ClNO2S3
Authors: Barakat Assem , Ghabbour Hazem A. , Al-Majid Abdullah Mohammed , Said Mohamed M. , El Tamany El Sayed H. , Fun Hoong-Kun 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
C12H12ClNO2S3, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 4.4065(7) Å, b = 12.326(2) Å, c = 13.399(2) Å, β = 96.032(6)°, V = 718.2(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0668, wR(
F
2
) = 0.164, T = 100 K.
Crystal structure of trans-dibromidodi(pyridine-κN)palladium(II), PdBr2(C5H5N)2
Authors: Ha Kwang 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
C10H10Br2N2Pd, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 5.6549(3) Å, b = 7.0210(3) Å, c = 7.7723(4) Å, α = 80.031(3)°, β = 84.601(2)°, γ = 89.222(2)°, V = 302.58(3) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt
(F) = 0.0309, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0841, T = 223(2) K.
Weldability of pipe grade polyethylenes as realized from thermal and mechanical properties assessments
Authors: Goodarzi Vahabodin , Ahmadi Zahed , Saeb Mohammad Reza , Hemmati Farkhondeh , Ghaffari Mehdi , Formela Krzysztof 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Since polyethylene (PE) has been widely accepted for the production of high-pressure fluid conveying pipelines, studies devoted to weldability of PE connections were always of major importance. In this study, two industrial PE grades designed for pipe production, namely PE80 and PE100, were injection molded, cut, and then welded as PE100-PE100, PE100-PE80, and PE80-PE80. The heat-welded joints were assessed by differential scanning calorimetry and tensile measurements. The results obtained from thermal and mechanical analyses were compared with equivalents for aged samples. Thermal analysis revealed that the melting point of the PE100-PE100 sample is obviously larger than the one for the PE80-PE80 joint, for the PE80 chains deteriorate the crystallization of PE100. Further, the PE80-PE80 sample showed the lowest lamellar thickness and crystalline molecular weight among the studied joints. The aging process was found to increase lamellar thickness and molecular weight, though in the PE100-PE100 sample such quantities very limitedly increased. The yield stress of aged joints was higher than that for just-prepared samples, while an inverse trend was seen for strain at break. From a practical viewpoint, the PE100-PE100 welds offer better properties.
Removal of cobalt from aqueous solution containing EDTA under UV-C irradiation by antimony oxide
Authors: Malinen Leena , Koivula Risto , Harjula Risto 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Antimony oxide was synthesized by a simple method involving the mixing of
6 M HCl and antimony pentachloride, adjusting the synthesis pH with
25% ammonia. The obtained material was characterized using X-ray
diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and surface area and
pore size analysis. The material structure resembled that of
Sb6O13. The cobalt sorption efficiency of the synthesized antimony
oxide was tested in the dark and under UV-C irradiation. The 0.01 M
NaNO3 test solution contained varying concentrations of Co2+ and
EDTA and was traced with 57Co. The cobalt concentration in the
solutions was determined by gamma spectroscopy. The synthesized material
proved to have a high cobalt uptake. In the presence of 20 μM EDTA, 99.7% of cobalt was removed from the solution after
2 h of UV-C irradiation.
The use of differential evolution algorithm for solving chemical engineering problems
Authors: Dragoi Elena Niculina , Curteanu Silvia 
Published: February 2016

AbstractDifferential evolution (DE), belonging to the evolutionary algorithm class, is a simple and powerful optimizer with great potential for solving different types of synthetic and real-life problems. Optimization is an important aspect in the chemical engineering area, especially when striving to obtain the best results with a minimum of consumed resources and a minimum of additional by-products. From the optimization point of view, DE seems to be an attractive approach for many researchers who are trying to improve existing systems or to design new ones. In this context, here, a review of the most important approaches applying different versions of DE (simple, modified, or hybridized) for solving specific chemical engineering problems is realized. Based on the idea that optimization can be performed at different levels, two distinct cases were considered – process and model optimization. In both cases, there are a multitude of problems solved, from different points of view and with various parameters, this large area of successful applications indicating the flexibility and performance of DE.
An Economic Assessment of Criminal Behaviour
Authors: Cain Michael 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
A utility maximising framework for criminal behaviour is developed and a number of precise functional forms considered for the utility function of a representative criminal. The Kahneman–Tversky form seems to fit current empirical evidence, expressed mainly as the ratio of certain elasticities, better than some other candidates but a more general Markowitz function, centred at current wealth, is another possibility. The criminal’s optimal level of crime is obtained and comparative statics derived to help suggest how crime might be controlled. The solution involves an upper limit on the odds against detection of the criminal. Further empirical work is encouraged to ascertain if crime is a favourable bet and to elicit the utility function of a representative criminal in this analytical framework.
Debye function analysis of nanocrystalline gallium oxide γ-Ga2O3
Authors: Nikulina Olga , Yatsenko Dmitriy , Bulavchenko Olga , Zenkovets Galina , Tsybulya Sergey 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The metastable nanocrystalline γ-Ga2O3 with the particles’ dimensions about 2 nm was prepared by coprecipitation method and its structure was studied using X-ray powder diffraction. The corresponding diffraction pattern is characterized by a strong broadening of diffraction peaks. The Debye function analysis method (DFA) was applied to calculate the full profile of the XRD pattern for the first time. Earlier reported structural models of the γ-Ga2O3 were examined with respect to experimental diffraction data. The influence of crystallite sizes on the diffraction pattern was considered. The obtained structure of the disordered γ-Ga2O3 has vacancies in 8a and 16d spinel positions and additional atoms in 8b, 16c and 48f non-spinel positions. The proposed structure differs from those reported by the ratio between occupancies of the tetrahedral and octahedral gallium positions.
Investigation of Thermal Expansion and Physical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Nanocrystalline Aluminum Nanocomposite
Authors: Sharma Manjula , Sharma Vimal 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced nanocrystalline aluminum matrix composites are fabricated by a simple and effective physical mixing method with sonication. In this study, the microstructural characterisations and property evaluations of the nanocomposites were performed. The structural characterisations revealed that CNTs were dispersed, embedded, and anchored within the metal matrix. A strong interfacial adhesion appeared between CNTs and nanocrystalline aluminum as a result of the fabrication process. Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies also confirmed the surface adherence of CNTs with nanocrystalline aluminum matrix during the fabrication process. Thermal expansion behaviour of CNT-reinforced aluminum matrix composites was investigated up to 240°C using a dilatometer. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the nanocomposites decreased continuously with the increasing content of CNTs. The maximum reduction of 82% was found for 4 wt% CNTs in the nanocomposite. The coefficient of thermal expansion variation with CNTs was also compared with the predictions from the thermoelastic models. The expansion behaviour of the nanocomposites was correlated to the microstructure, internal stresses, and phase segregations. The electrical and thermal conductivity was also studied and was observed to decrease for all reinforced CNT weight fractions.