bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemotherapy combined with Shenmai injection alleviates inflammatory response and side effects in the patients with advanced colorectal cancer: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Jin Yude , Zhu Wei , Dai Hanbin , He Xiaowei 
Published: September 2024

Objective: To assess the inflammatory response and side effects of chemotherapy combined with Shenmai injection (SMI) in the treatment of patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC).
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included the clinical data of 152 patients with advanced CRC admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University from April 2020 to April 2023. The patients were divided into control group (patients received chemotherapy treatment, n=75) and observation group (patients received chemotherapy combined with SMI, n=77) based on the treatment received. Tumor control rate, levels of immune function indicators before and after treatment, levels of inflammatory factor indicators, and incidence of toxic side effects in two groups were analyzed.
Results: Tumor control rate in the observation group (89.61%) was higher than that in the control group (77.33%) (P<0.05). After the treatment, the levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+in both groups were significantly higher than before the treatment, and significantly higher in the observation group compared to the control group (P<0.05). After the treatment, serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in both groups decreased compared to pretreatment levels, and was significantly lower in the observation group (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Compared with chemotherapy alone, chemotherapy combined with SMI better alleviates inflammatory response in patients with advanced CRC, enhance immune function, and improve tumor control rate, with a lower incidence of toxic side effects.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.9.9881
How to cite this: Jin Y, Zhu W, Dai H, He X. Chemotherapy combined with Shenmai injection alleviates inflammatory response and side effects in the patients with advanced colorectal cancer: A retrospective analysis. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(9):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.9.9881
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Healing Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Comparative Review of Debridement Approaches
Authors: Brzyska Anna , Mozga Kamila , Karabin Agnieszka , Bojarska Małgorzata , Domańska Natalia 
Published: September 2024

Introduction and objective: More than 400 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes today. As a result of complications of this disease, diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) develop. Wound treatment consists mainly in cleansing and stimulating tissue healing processes. Depending on the method used, this process may be shorter or longer.
Review methods: In March 2023, articles found in the Medline (Pubmed) and Google Scholar databases were selected by using the following keywords: diabetic foot treatment, diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), autolytic debridement, healing DFU.
Brief description of the state of knowledge: Each of the methods described in this article has its advantages and disadvantages. Surgical debridement is used in wounds with a large amount of necrotic tissue, but it can be associated with great discomfort for the patient. Clostridial collagenase ointment has been found to be effective in reducing wound area and promoting wound closure but is more expensive. The use of autolytic debridement and larval therapy is associated with a reduction in pro-inflammatory markers, while the use of moist dressings provides a suitable environment for tissue regeneration.
Summary: The choice of the appropriate method depends on many factors such as: the patient's condition, the availability of materials and financial resources. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the benefits and drawbacks of different debridement methods for diabetic foot ulcers.
Physical activity in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis: From biomarkers to quality of life
Authors: Ciułek Urszula , Bilska Wiktoria , Żydek Ada 
Published: September 2024

Introduction and Objective: Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disease typified by diminished bone density and deterioration of bone structure. It represents a significant risk factor for fractures, particularly in postmenopausal women. This study evaluates the role of physical activity and bone biomarkers in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
Review and Methods: A review of the literature was conducted with the objective of analysing the impact of weight-bearing exercise and resistance training on bone health and the use of biomarkers in diagnosing and monitoring osteoporosis. Moreover, the potential impact of dietary interventions and supplementation was examined.
Abbreviated Description of the State of Knowledge: It is of the utmost importance to engage in regular physical activity, particularly weight-bearing exercises, in order to prevent and treat osteoporosis. It has been demonstrated to enhance bone density and moderate the likelihood of fracture. Biomarkers such as osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase are of significant value in the assessment of bone health.
Summary: The combination of physical activity, a balanced diet and appropriate supplementation is fundamental to the prevention and effective management of osteoporosis. This approach confers substantial benefits with respect to bone health and quality of life.
Keywords: Osteoporosis; Physical activity; Bone health; Skeletal System
pyJedAI: A Library with Resolution-Related Structures and Procedures for Products
Authors: Ioannou Ekaterini , Nikoletos Konstantinos , Papadakis George 
Published: September 2024

This work presents an open-source Python library, named pyJedAI, which provides functionalities supporting the creation of algorithms related to product entity resolution. Building over existing state-of-the-art resolution algorithms, the tool offers a plethora of important tasks required for processing product data collections. It can be easily used by researchers and practitioners for creating algorithms analyzing products, such as real-time ad bidding, sponsored search, or pricing determination. In essence, it allows users to easily import product data from the possible sources, compare products in order to detect either similar or identical products, generate a graph representation using the products and desired relationships, and either visualize or export the outcome in various forms. Our experimental evaluation on data from well-known online retailers illustrates high accuracy and low execution time for the supported tasks. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Python package to focus on product entities and provide this range of product entity resolution functionalities. History: Accepted by Ted Ralphs, Area Editor for Software Tools. Funding: This was partially funded by the EU project STELAR (Horizon Europe) [Grant 101070122]. Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2023.0410 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2023.0410 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
Physics-Informed Machine Learning for Calibrating Macroscopic Traffic Flow Models
Authors: Tang Yu , Jin Li , Ozbay Kaan 
Published: September 2024

Well-calibrated traffic flow models are fundamental to understanding traffic phenomena and designing control strategies. Traditional calibration has been developed based on optimization methods. In this paper, we propose a novel physics-informed, learning-based calibration approach that achieves performances comparable to and even better than those of optimization-based methods. To this end, we combine the classical deep autoencoder, an unsupervised machine learning model consisting of one encoder and one decoder, with traffic flow models. Our approach informs the decoder of the physical traffic flow models and thus induces the encoder to yield reasonable traffic parameters given flow and speed measurements. We also introduce the denoising autoencoder into our method so that it can handle not only with normal data but also corrupted data with missing values. We verified our approach with a case study of Interstate 210 Eastbound in California. It turns out that our approach can achieve comparable performance to the-state-of-the-art calibration methods given normal data and outperform them given corrupted data with missing values. History: This paper has been accepted for the Transportation Science Special Issue on ISTTT25 Conference. Funding: This study was supported by the National Science Foundation [Grant CMMI-1949710] and the C2SMART Research Center, a Tier 1 University Transportation Center.
PROPRIEDADE URBANA, ALUGUEL E RENDA IMOBILIÁRIA.
Authors: Pereira Paulo Cesar Xavier , Hidalgo Dattwiler Rodrigo , Cevallos Serrano Luis Andrés , Nuñez Ana 
Published: September 2024

Karl Marx formulou a crítica da teoria do valor-trabalho e, particularmente, a da moderna propriedade privada da terra, que constitui uma forma histórica específica da propriedade. Esta vem sendo reconstituída pelo capital na consideração de que o monopólio da propriedade da terra envolve dois aspectos: o que dá ao proprietário o direito de explorar e de extrair os elementos naturais da terra e aquele que dá o direito do proprietário de dispor de uma parcela do Planeta para seu uso exclusivo. Em O capital, na Seção Sexta, em uma dezena de capítulos foi analisada a renda da terra na agricultura e apenas em um deles foram expostas indicações de como entender a renda dos terrenos na construção, nas minas e o preço da terra. Daí que se apresenta o desafio, teórico e histórico, de como a partir desses apontamentos avançar a compreensão das desigualdades na urbanização contemporânea. E, de como superar as formas rentistas de produção e uso da cidade, cujo resultado é a superexploração e a degradação do metabolismo urbano. A pergunta central do Dossiê foi: como a propriedade, o aluguel e a renda da terra afetam o habitar urbano? Os trabalhos apresentados analisaram diferentes momentos: o da colonização, o da urbanização, o da industrialização ou o da financeirização. A preocupação do Dossiê foi ampliar a crítica da Economia Política na perspectiva da produção social do espaço urbano na América Latina.
Latent Profile Analysis of Pressure Injury Knowledge Levels Among Nursing Staff in Tertiary General Hospitals
Authors: Zhang Li , Hu Shu-Nan , Yan Xu-Mei , Zhang Yan , Wei Shen , Han Ye-Fen 
Published: September 2024

Aims/Background The prevalence of pressure injuries (PIs) is a widely used clinical indicator of patient safety and quality of care. Nurses' understanding of pressure injury (PI) can significantly impact the treatment outcomes for patients. This study, based on latent profile analysis (LPA), reveals the characteristics associated with PI knowledge levels among clinical nurses in district and county tertiary medical institutions. We aim to help nursing managers formulate training plans accurately so that clinical nurses can provide high-level skin care services for patients. Method In June 2023, 1482 nurse staff from 4 tertiary general hospitals at the district and county level in Chengdu were chosen as research subjects using the convenience sampling method. Responses to the general information questionnaire, the Chinese Version of Pressure Ulcer Knowledge Assessment Tool (C-PUKAT), and the Chinese Version of Attitude towards Pressure ulcer Prevention (C-APuP) were used to compare the population's characteristics based on LPA. Results Three latent profiles of nurses’ PI knowledge were identified: weak foundation type (46.3%), strengthening foundation type (42.7%), and special improvement type (11.0%). Subjects’ departments, administrative positions, highest degrees and PI prevention attitude scores, as well as whether they have participated in the training, all differed significantly between latent profile groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion The PI knowledge level of nursing staff at the district and county tertiary general hospitals requires urgent improvement. Nursing managers should prioritize the management level and quality of PI training among clinical nursing staff. Precise training programs can be developed based on different categories of nursing staff to enhance their PI knowledge, thereby effectively improving the quality of healthcare for inpatients.
Co-creating a climate comic book: reflections on using comics in intergenerational research and engagement
Authors: Thomas Merryn , Sorvala Laura , Williams Aelwyn , Singleton Aled , Maddock Carol , Morgan Deborah , Murray Tavi , Musselwhite Charles 
Published: September 2024

The places where people live, work and spend leisure time are essential to their health and wellbeing. However, with climate change, these environments are changing. It is paramount that we understand older and younger people’s climate change perspectives, behaviours and visions for the future so that the places that matter to them can be shaped and managed effectively for health, wellbeing and sustainability.
This article presents the case for using comic books to explore climate change with diverse intergenerational groups. The bilingual (Welsh/English) Climate Comic was created in South Wales, UK, as part of the ‘Understanding Older and Younger People’s PerspecTives and Imaginaries of Climate Change’ (OPTIC) project. From February to May 2023, 65 older and younger people took part in structured workshops where we used creative methods (games, collaging, comic creation, mobile and online interviews, storyboarding) to elicit intergenerational conversation, articulate intangible values and explore change. Workshops were audio-recorded, and stories were developed into a comic by illustrator Laura Sorvala. We also used comics as part of wider engagement and to stimulate ideas in a design sprint with interested groups.
We discuss why comics are suited to exploring climate change with older and younger people, and the process we used to create the Climate Comic. We then reflect on the affordances and limitations of our approach and make recommendations for future research in this area. We hope that this work will stimulate others to consider using this adaptable and engaging art form for further research and engagement with younger and older people.
Rapid angular ellipsometry method using spatial polarization modulation and detection
Authors: Zhao Wenxiu , Wang Xiaocheng , Zhong Qianglong 
Published: September 2024

Owing to its nanometer accuracy and noninvasive properties, ellipsometry has an important role in the film thickness measurement and optical critical dimension (OCD) method for measuring gratings and semiconductor devices with periodic structures. Currently, commercial ellipsometers frequently take ∼10s to complete a measurement owing to the necessity for mechanically rotating polarized elements, which limits its efficiency. In this paper, we propose a new, to the best of our knowledge, ellipsometry setup that combines a vortex waveplate and a polarized camera to achieve polarization modulation and detection spatially. The measuring speed of the proposed system is determined by the frame rate of the polarized camera. A sample can be rotated to acquire its angular Mueller matrix within 3 s. The theoretical principle is described in this paper. The proposed system was calibrated, and a maximum error of 0.6% was observed when measuring the Mueller matrix of different samples. This proposed method is a simple and rapid method for measuring angular Mueller matrices and will further increase the efficiency of OCD methods and other ellipsometry applications.
Effective nonlinearity of trigonal BaGa2GeS6
Authors: Kato Kiyoshi , Umemura Nobuhiro , Miyata Kentaro , Petrov Valentin 
Published: September 2024

Implementing second-harmonic and sum-frequency generation processes with a specially oriented sample, we determine the magnitude and sign of the nonlinear optical coefficients d11, d22, and d31 of the recently developed trigonal BaGa2GeS6. We conclude that it is a viable alternative to the widely used chalcopyrite AgGaS2 for 1 µm pumped frequency downconversion to the mid-IR spectral range.
Increased levels of anti-Encephalitozoon intestinalis antibodies in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Nourrisson Céline , Moniot Maxime , Vercruysse Leslie , Bonnin Virginie , Pereira Bruno , Barnich Nicolas , Bonnet Mathilde , Jary Marine , Pezet Denis , Gagnière Johan , Poirier Philippe 
Published: September 2024

Background
The prevalence of microsporidiosis in the general population, or within specific groups of individuals/patients, is largely underestimated. The absence of specific seroprevalence tools limits knowledge of the epidemiology of these opportunistic pathogens, although known since the 1980s. Since microsporidia hijack the machinery of its host cell and certain species multiply within intestinal cells, a potential link between the parasite and colorectal cancer (CRC) has been suggested.

Methodology/principal findings
To explore a potential epidemiological link between microsporidia and CRC, we evaluated the seroprevalence of Encephalitozoon intestinalis among CRC patients and healthy subjects using ELISA assays based on two recombinant proteins, namely rEiPTP1 and rEiSWP1, targeting polar tube and spore wall proteins. ELISA were performed in 141 CRC patients and 135 healthy controls. Patients with CRC had significantly higher anti-rEiPTP1 IgG levels than subjects in the control group. Anti-rEiPTP1 IgG, anti-rEiSWP1 IgG and anti-rEiPTP1 IgA levels were significantly increased among men with CRC compared to healthy men. Women with CRC who had died had higher rEiSWP1 IgG levels than those who were still alive.

Conclusions/Significance
These higher antibody levels against microsporidia in patients with CRC suggest a relationship between microsporidia and pathophysiology of CRC.
Utility of neuromelanin-sensitive MRI in the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Inagawa Yuta , Inagawa Shoya , Takenoshita Naoto , Yamamoto Ryo , Tsugawa Akito , Yoshimura Mana , Saito Kazuhiro , Shimizu Soichiro 
Published: September 2024

Objective
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is recognized as the second most common cause of degenerative dementia in older people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and distinguishing between these 2 diseases may be challenging in clinical practice. However, accurate differentiation is important because these 2 diseases have different prognoses and require different care. Recently, several studies have reported that neuromelanin-sensitive MRI can detect neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). DLB patients are considered to demonstrate degeneration and a reduction of dopaminergic neurons in the SNc. Therefore, neuromelanin-sensitive MRI may be useful for the diagnosis of DLB. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the usefulness of neuromelanin-sensitive MRI in the distinguishing DLB from AD.

Methods
A total of 21 probable DLB and 22 probable AD patients were enrolled. All participants underwent both DaT-SPECT and neuromelanin-sensitive MRI. A combined model of neuromelanin-sensitive MRI and Dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography (DaT-SPECT) was created using logistic regression analysis (forced entry method).

Results
There was no difference in the diagnostic utility of neuromelanin-sensitive MRI and DaT-SPECT in distinguishing DLB from AD. There was no significant correlation between the results of neuromelanin-sensitive MRI and DaT-SPECT in DLB patients. The combination of neuromelanin-sensitive MRI and DaT-SPECT demonstrated higher diagnostic performance in distinguishing between DLB and AD compared with neuromelanin-sensitive MRI alone. Additionally, although the combination of both modalities showed a larger AUC compared with DaT-SPECT alone, the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusions
Neuromelanin-sensitive MRI may be equally or even more useful than DaT-SPECT in the clinical differentiation of DLB from AD. Furthermore, the combination of neuromelanin-sensitive MRI and DaT-SPECT may be a highly sensitive imaging marker for distinguishing DLB from AD.
Primary Liver Cancer Risk and Mortality in Patients With Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis in England and Denmark: Observational Cohort Studies
Authors: Jensen Morten Daniel , West Joe , Crooks Colin , Morling Joanne R. , Kraglund Frederik , Card Tim , Askgaard Gro , Jepsen Peter 
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION:Patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis (ALD cirrhosis) have an increased risk of primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma [iCCA]). England recommends surveillance for HCC in these patients, while Denmark does not.METHODS:We performed an observational cohort study using the English Clinical Practice Research Datalink and the nationwide Danish healthcare registries to identify 17,110 English (2000–2016) and 22,122 Danish (1994–2022) patients with diagnosis codes of ALD cirrhosis. We computed and compared incidence rates and cumulative incidence of primary liver cancer, annual ultrasound scan rates, and mortality following diagnosis of primary liver cancer.RESULTS:The overall risk of primary liver cancer was similar in England and Denmark: 5-year risk was 2.24% (95% confidence interval 2.00–2.49) in England (iCCA 0.07%, HCC 2.16%) and 2.36% (2.15–2.57) in Denmark (iCCA 0.05%, HCC 2.30%). The annual rate of ultrasound scans per person was 0.65 (0.63–0.67) in England and 0.44 (0.42–0.46) in Denmark. The 1-year mortality after a diagnosis of primary liver cancer was 59.2% (54.4–64.0) in England and 60.9% (57.4–64.4) in Denmark. The 3-year risks of HCC in those on vs off surveillance in England were 2.3% (1.0–4.6) vs 1.5% (1.0–2.2).DISCUSSION:The risk of primary liver cancer was the same in English and Danish patients with ALD cirrhosis, and HCCs constituted 97% of primary liver cancers. Mortality with primary liver cancer was equally high in both countries. Notably, in England, where guidance recommends biannual HCC surveillance with ultrasound, patients with ALD cirrhosis were undergoing fewer than 1 ultrasound scan per year.