bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary findings on the use of osteopathic manipulative treatment by osteopathic physicians
Authors: Fry Lincoln J. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The literature suggests that the extent to which osteopathic physicians actually use osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) and the factors that predict the use of OMT remain virtually unexplored. A mailed survey of practicing osteopathic physicians was used to query respondents about their use of OMT and about the effects of a number of factors on use of OMT. The survey showed that 71% of 100 practicing physicians used OMT with 5% or more of their patients, and 14% in 50% or more of their patients. Multivariate statistical procedures revealed that a physician's having learned a new OMT format since graduation from medical school was the primary predictor of the use of OMT, followed by interest in OMT during internship. The other predictor was whether the respondent had a family member who was also a DO. Physician's specialty, emphasis on OMT during graduate and postgraduate training, and the era during which DOs received their training were not significant predictors of OMT use. These results indicate a need for further research on OMT use and the variables examined in this study.
Sargonic Cuneiform Tablets in the Real Academia de la Historia: The Carl L. Lippmann Collection. By Manuel Molina
Authors: Bartash Vitali 
Published: June 2017

Sargonic Cuneiform Tablets in the Real Academia de la Historia: The Carl L. Lippmann Collection. By Manuel Molina. Catálogo del Gabinete de Antigüedades. Madrid: Real Academia de la Historia and Ministerio de Cultura de la República de Iraq, 2014. Pp. 317, 337 plts.
Assyrien und Urarṭu I: Der Achte Feldzug Sargons II. im Jahre 714 v. Chr; and Assyrien und Urarṭu II: Die assyrisch-urartäischen Bilinguen, by Walter Mayer
Authors: Zimansky Paul 
Published: June 2017

Assyrien und Urarṭu I: Der Achte Feldzug Sargons II. im Jahre 714 v. Chr. By Walter Mayer. Alter Orient und Altes Testament, vol. 395/1. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2013. Pp. xv + 189. €64.
Assyrien und Urarṭu II: Die assyrisch-urartäischen Bilinguen. By Walter Mayer. Alter Orient und Altes Testament, vol. 395/2. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 2013. Pp. xv + 156. €58.
ATIVIDADE E DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A PESQUISA EM EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Ferreira Antonio Leonan Alves 
Published: June 2017

<p>O presente texto tem por objetivo destacar as relações entre atividade e desenvolvimento humano, a fim de indicar contribuições para a investigação sobre a natureza dos conteúdos e das atividades de ensino na educação escolar e o desenvolvimento “integral” dos indivíduos. </p>
Unemployment and Personal Income Loss After Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Malhotra Armaan K. , Jaffe Rachael H. , Shakil Husain , Mathieu Francois , Nathens Avery B. , Kulkarni Abhaya V. , Diep Calvin , Yuan Eva Y. , Ladha Karim S. , Coyte Peter C. , Wilson Jefferson R. , Wodchis Walter P. , Witiw Christopher D. 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceEmployment and personal income loss after traumatic brain injury is a major source of postinjury stress and a barrier to societal reintegration. The magnitude of labor market ramifications following traumatic brain injury remains largely unknown.ObjectivesTo quantify the 3-year postinjury labor market consequences following traumatic brain injury in Canada. To also estimate the incurred national labor market cost over the study period.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective quasi-experimental, pan-Canadian observational cohort study used linked administrative health and federal taxation data obtained between 2007 and 2017. Mixed-effects difference-in-difference regressions were constructed to estimate the annualized magnitude of the personal income and employment loss during each of the 3 years following injury, respectively, relative to preinjury baseline. Participants included tax-filing adult (19 to 61 years old) traumatic brain injury survivors.ExposureTraumatic brain injury.Main Outcome MeasuresCoprimary outcomes were personal income loss and the proportion of newly unemployed individuals per annum. Secondary objectives were to quantify income and employment loss within mild, moderate, and severe traumatic brain injury subgroups.ResultsA total of 18 050 patients with traumatic brain injury between 2007 and 2017 were identified (mean age, 38.0 [SD, 12.4] years; 13 360 male [74.0%]), each of whom was followed up with for 3 consecutive fiscal years. Mean income was CAD $42 600 (US $31 083) in the fiscal year prior to injury and 82% were employed at time of injury. The adjusted mean loss of personal income was CAD $7635 (US $5650) in the first year after injury (Y+1) and CAD $5000 (US $3700) in the third year after injury (Y+3) relative to uninjured controls. In each of the 3 postinjury years, 7.8% individuals were newly unemployed compared with the preinjury baseline. The adjusted average personal income loss for mild, moderate, and severe traumatic brain injury subgroups were CAD $3354 (US $2482), CAD $6750 (US $4995), and CAD $17 375 (US $12 859), respectively, at Y+3; the proportion of unemployed individuals increased by 5.8%, 9.2%, and 20% across the same groups at Y+3 after injury relative to preinjury baseline. The estimated total reduction in personal income aggregated over the 3 postinjury years for the affected participants was CAD $588 million (US $435 million).Conclusions and RelevanceThis work represents national cohort data quantifying the labor market implications of traumatic brain injury. These results may be used to inform economic evaluations and social service resource allocation.
Clinical relevance of paramagnetic rim lesion heterogeneity in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Stölting Anna , Vanden Bulcke Colin , Borrelli Serena , Bugli Céline , Du Pasquier Renaud , van Pesch Vincent , Maggi Pietro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivePrevious studies reveal heterogeneity in terms of paramagnetic rim lesions (PRL) associated tissue damage. We investigated the physiopathology and clinical implications of this heterogeneity.MethodsIn 103 MS patients (72 relapsing and 31 progressive), brain lesions were manually segmented on 3T 3D‐FLAIR and rim visibility was assessed with a visual confidence level score (VCLS) on 3D‐EPI phase. Using T1 relaxation time maps, lesions were categorized in long‐T1 and short‐T1. Lesion age was calculated from time of first gadolinium enhancement (N = 84 lesions). Results on clinical scores were validated in an extended cohort of 167 patients using normalized T1w‐MPRAGE lesion values.ResultsRim visibility (VCLS analysis) was associated with increasing lesional T1 (P/PFDR < 0.001). Of 1680 analyzed lesions, 427 were categorized as PRL. Long‐T1 PRL were older than short‐T1 PRL (average 0.8 vs. 2.0 years, P/PFDR = 0.005/0.008), and featured larger lesional volume (P/PFDR < 0.0001) and multi‐shell diffusion‐measured axonal damage (P/PFDR < 0.0001). The total volume of long‐T1‐PRL versus PRL showed 2× predictive power for both higher MS disability (EDSS; P/PFDR = 0.003/0.005 vs. P/PFDR = 0.042/0.057) and severity (MSSS; P/PFDR = 0.0006/0.001 vs. P/PFDR = 0.004/0.007). In random forest, having ≥1 long‐T1‐PRL versus ≥4 PRL showed 2‐4× higher performance to predict a higher EDSS and MSSS. In the validation cohort, long‐T1 PRL outperformed (~2×) PRL in predicting both EDSS and MSSS.InterpretationPRL show substantial heterogeneity in terms of intralesional tissue damage. More destructive, likely older, long‐T1 PRL improve the association with MS clinical scales. This PRL heterogeneity characterization was replicated using standard T1w MRI, highlighting its potential for clinical translation.
Single‐Cell Transcriptomics Reveals a Pivotal Role of DOCK2 in Sjögren Disease
Authors: Shen Yiran , Voigt Alexandria , Bhattacharyya Indraneel , Nguyen Cuong Q. 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveSjögren disease (SjD) is an autoimmune condition characterized by the dysfunction of the salivary and lacrimal glands. The study aimed to decipher the pathogenic cell populations and their immunologic pathways in the salivary glands. We further determined the therapeutic effect of inhibiting dedicator of cytokinesis 2 (DOCK2) shared by novel clusters of CD8+ T cells in an SjD mouse model.MethodsThis study employed single‐cell RNA sequencing to examine the composition and dynamics of immune cells in the salivary glands of SjD mice. By analyzing the transcriptomic data and employing clustering analysis, a specific target was identified, leading to the treatment of mice with a targeted inhibitor.ResultsThe results showed diverse immune cell types, including B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, macrophages, and natural killer cells. We identified specific clusters possessing phenotypic characteristics of immune cell subpopulations, thereby showing specific genes/pathways associated with the disease. The most striking finding was the elevated expression of DOCK2 in CD8+ T cells in the SjD model. This discovery is significant because subsequent treatment with a DOCK2 inhibitor 4‐[3‐(2‐Chlorophenyl)‐2‐propen‐1‐ylidene]‐1‐phenyl‐3,5‐pyrazolidinedione (CPYPP) led to a marked amelioration of SjD signs.ConclusionThe effectiveness of DOCK2 inhibition in alleviating SjD signs highlights the potential of DOCK2 as a therapeutic target, opening new avenues for treatment strategies that could modulate the immune response more effectively in SjD.
Challenges in Diagnosis and Management of SLE in Africa: An Online Survey
Authors: Paruk Farhanah , Dey Dzifa , Mosam Anisa , Amira Christina Oluwaytoyin , Tikly Mohammed 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveWe surveyed African physicians about challenges in diagnosis and management of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsWe used a cross‐sectional, online questionnaire–based survey of African specialist physicians on availability of laboratory tests, medications, and specialized services for the diagnosis of SLE.ResultsOur 226 respondents from 31 countries were dermatologists (38%), rheumatologists (28%), and nephrologists (23%), the majority practicing at university/state‐funded hospitals (80.8%), but over half of patients (59.6%) were self‐funded for laboratory tests and medications. Antinuclear antibody (ANA), antiphospholipid antibody, and complement tests were available to 79.4%, 67.6%, and 62.3% of respondents, respectively, but fewer in the East and West African regions. Median turnaround time for the ANA test was within two weeks but more than four weeks for 5.6% of respondents, and longer in West Africa compared with other regions (P = 0.0002). Availability of urine protein‐to‐creatinine test, skin and renal histopathology was 82%, 82.5%, and 76.2%, respectively. Median turnaround times were within one to two weeks, but more than four weeks for 13.8% of respondents for skin histology results and usually within four weeks but more than four weeks for 24.5% of respondents for renal histology. Glucocorticoids and antimalarials were readily available across all regions, with variable availability of immunosuppressants from 93.7% for methotrexate to 65% for calcineurin inhibitors and only 58.4% for the biologic rituximab. Intensive care units/high care facilities, hemodialysis, and renal transplantation were available to 69.8%, 91.9%, and 56.5% of respondents, respectively.ConclusionVariable availability of laboratory tests, medications, and supportive services coupled with cost constraints are major impediments to early diagnosis and optimal management of SLE in most of Africa and are likely factors contributing to underreporting and poor prognosis of SLE in Africa.
Enhanced Carrier Selectivity and Superior Passivation in Cost‐Effective Heterogeneous Hybrid Transport Layers for Next Generation Silicon Solar Cells
Authors: Kaur Gurleen , Sridharan Ranjani , Dutta Tanmay , Stangl Rolf , Danner Aaron 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHybrid hole transport layers (HHTLs) consisting of‐a low‐cost, low‐temperature, dopant‐free, organic, hole‐selective poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulphonate (PEDOT:PSS) and an inorganic homogenous tunnel oxides (HoTOs), such as SiOx, TiOx, and AlOx have allowed significant improvements in carrier selectivity as well as in power and cost efficiency. These key parameters can be further improved by introducing heterogeneous tunnel oxides (HeTOs), formed of two different inorganic oxides. This work examines the potential of heterogeneous HHTLs and their impact on passivation as well as on the interfacial properties in silicon solar cells. HeTOs of SiOx/TiOx and SiOx/AlOx with negative fixed charge are studied and optimized. A heterogeneous HHTL with AlOx (>1.5 nm) resulted in a high lifetime (1.2 ms), low surface recombination velocity, and improved surface band bending at the interface due to the presence of higher negative fixed charge (1012 cm−2) within these layers. The passivation properties further improved on light soaking and annealing due to oxidation of PSS and AlOx/SiOx. Overall, these HHTLs demonstrated a hole selectivity (S10) of 12.5 and very high efficiencies up to of 26.1%, surpassing homogenous‐SiOx/PEDOT:PSS by 1.4%.
Metallization of Hydrogen Under High Pressure: Challenges and Experimental Progress
Authors: Wang Lin , Wu Zhongyan , Gao Guoying , Tian Yongjun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHydrogen, the first element in the periodic table, is predicted to become metallic at extremely high‐pressure conditions. Solid metallic hydrogen is believed to possess extraordinary physical properties, such as room‐temperature superconductivity and superfluidity, earning it the title of the “holy grail” in high‐pressure research. The pursuit of solid metallic hydrogen has spanned nine decades. Despite numerous fascinating discoveries related to dense hydrogen, metallic hydrogen has yet to be experimentally realized. This article aims to provide an overview of the major progress made in this field and offers an outlook on future developments.
Decoupled Dipole Arrays Empowered by Invisible Complex Poles in Epsilon‐Near‐Zero Metamaterials
Authors: Zhu Xiaokang , Liao Dashuang , Tang Peng , Jing Liqiao , Li Ying , Gao Fei , Chen Hongsheng , Wang Zuojia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEvanescent waves, characterized by an exponential decay in propagation, have witnessed significant advancements in far‐field imaging and near‐field sensing applications. However, incoming evanescent waves can excite guided resonance inside a dielectric slab, resulting in a rapid growth of transmission coefficient toward infinity at the pole points. Such evanescent‐wave excited resonance benefits super‐resolution applications yet causes severe crosstalk in highly integrated multi‐channel devices. Here, the invisible complex poles are discovered in the transmission spectra of epsilon‐near‐zero (ENZ) metamaterials and demonstrate the striking suppression of near‐field crosstalk enabled by the anomalous transmission beyond the critical angle. Equipped with an ENZ metamaterial spacer, collinear dipole arrays exhibit 9.2 dB improvement in near‐field isolation among interior dipoles at a distance of less than one wavelength. Experimental measurements show negligible influence on the intrinsic impedance matching and radiation patterns of the dipole antennas. The discovered field divergence effect from the disappearance of real‐valued pole singularity in ENZ metamaterials offers an alternative solution for highly compact arrays in full duplex communication and multiple‐input multiple‐output technology.
Innovation of Lipid‐Based Nanoparticles: the Design and Applications in the Cardiovascular Disease Management
Authors: Gu Zhengying , Liu Tianbao , Rao Wutian , Li Dan , Zhang Qinghang , Dai Jinjie , Huang Lin , Wang Jiayi , Hou Xumin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a prominent cause of global mortality, posing considerable challenges for traditional therapies due to their limited bioavailability and notable side effects. Similarly, imaging diagnostic modalities have inherent limitations. Lipid‐based nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as promising tools for precise diagnosis and treatment of CVDs, owing to their exceptional biocompatibility, modifiability, and compatibility with payloads, showcasing extensive potential for diverse applications. LNPs excel in encapsulating diverse drug compounds, protecting against drug degradation, and enabling targeted drug delivery at lesion sites. Moreover, in conjunction with multimodal imaging techniques, LNPs enhance the accuracy of diagnosing and treating CVDs. Nevertheless, this field lacks comprehensive and up‐to‐date reviews. Therefore, this review delineates the foundational principles governing nano‐strategies employing LNP systems for addressing CVDs. It explores recent advancements in utilizing these strategies for diagnosing and treating different cardiovascular conditions while also pointing out their limitations. This review aims to provide insights for future research endeavors.
A Low‐Dimensional Donor‐Acceptor Perovskite for High‐Performance X‐Ray Detection
Authors: Pan Wanting , Li Weijun , Zong Jia , Hu Haijing , Guo Keke , Li Chenglong , Qu Wei , Wei Haotong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPerovskite materials hold significant promise for X‐ray detection due to their high X‐ray attenuation coefficient, efficient charge mobility, and tunable compositions and optoelectronic properties. Nonetheless, extracting the charges deep inside the thick semiconductors remains a challenge. Here, the 1D cytidine lead bromide perovskite (CytPbBr3) with a regularly arranged Donor (D)–Acceptor (A) heterojunction structure is reported. The organic interlayer contributes to the conduction band, while the inorganic framework constructs the valance band. Such a D–A heterojunction structure offers two separate channels for electrons and holes transport, suppressing the charge recombination rates with improved charge collection efficiency, and thus yields a high device sensitivity of 1.2 × 106 µC Gyair−1 cm−2 with a low noise equivalent dose (NED) of 44.6 pGyair.
Chiral Perovskite Nanowire Optoelectronic Synapse for Full‐Stokes Polarization‐Resolved Perception and Reservoir Computing
Authors: Liu Qi , Wang Pengzhi , Wei Qi , Zhou Luwei , Ren Hui , Wang Chenhao , Peng Jiangbo , Zhao Leyi , Li Mingjie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFull‐Stokes polarization‐resolved photonic artificial synapse (PAS) devices with in‐sensor computing capabilities show great potential for multimode vision perception and processing. However, current polarization‐resolved PAS devices are limited to monotonic recognition of linearly polarized light or circularly polarized light. Here, the study develops a chiral perovskite nanowire‐based PAS device as a full‐Stokes polarimeter to achieve polarization‐dependent neuromorphic optoelectronics. The device demonstrates a significantly high circular dichroism of over 400 millidegree and intrinsic linear dichroism, contributing to effectively sensing polarized light. Efficient charge separation at the perovskite NW/MXene heterostructure results in a prolonged carrier lifetime, thereby achieving a high responsivity of 2.3 AW−1, excellent synaptic behavior, and low power consumption of 0.5 pJ per synaptic stimuli. Significantly, the polarization‐modulated reservoir computing is developed based on the full‐Stokes PAS device, which exhibits a low normalized root mean square error of 0.023 in the chaotic system forecasting task. The single‐nanowire PAS device with the capability of sensing full‐Stokes parameters demonstrates great significance in building advanced energy‐efficient polarization‐resolved nanoscale neuromorphic vision systems.
Highly Stretchable Supercapacitor‐Type Multifunctional Self‐Powered Porous Electronic Skins
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Wang Shirui , Liang Xing , Liu Muxiang , Zhang Zenghai , Zu Guoqing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe development of highly stretchable self‐powered electronic skins with a broad detection range is urgently needed but remains a great challenge. Herein, unprecedented highly stretchable, broad‐range‐response, supercapacitor‐type, one‐body, and self‐powered electronic skins are developed by assembling porous polyurethane/polypyrrole electrode, polyacrylic acid/polyacrylamide ionic gel electrolyte, and porous polyurethane/MXene electrode. The folded porous structure of the electrodes significantly enhances the stretchability, while the modulus‐gradient multilayer structure of the device effectively broadens the pressure detection range. The electronic skins combine self‐powered dynamic/static pressure sensing, ultrabroad detection range (20 Pa–3.5 MPa), ultrahigh stretchability up to 387%, excellent compression stability (5000 cycles under 195 kPa), and good stretching stability (500 cycles under 200% tensile strain). They have the capability of monitoring human body motions, physiological signals, and high pressures from motorcycle tires, as well as tactile sensing of robotic grippers. In addition, they can be applied for highly stretchable thermal management and electromagnetic shielding devices. This work provides a new strategy for the development of highly stretchable, broad‐range‐response, and multifunctional self‐powered wearable electronics and sensors.
Alterable Robotic Skin Using Material Gene Expression Modulation
Authors: Yu Shifan , Xu Yijing , Cao Zhicheng , Huang Zijian , Wang Huasen , Yan Zechen , Wei Chao , Guo Ziquan , Chen Zhong , Zheng Yuanjin , Liao Qingliang , Liao Xinqin , Zhang Yue 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRobotic skins that integrate artificial tactile sensing elements can substantially complement the perception dimension of social robots, presenting an indispensable part in human‐robot interaction (HRI). However, existing design frameworks compromise between versatility and sustainability due to the restricted range of characteristics available for a single constituent. Here an alterable robotic skin constructed from homogeneous sensing units are proposed, capable of cyclically realtering their inherent characteristics across a wide spectrum. Necessary characteristics to achieve positioning and pressure sensing subunits can be encoded in the feature motifs and extracted through condition‐induced differentiation, showcasing a remarkable resemblance to the gene expression in the living system. By virtue of this, up to 100‐fold differences in feature parameters are achieved, including modulus, surface state, and conductivity, to drive the target attribute coupling. The trans‐temporal reconstruction of materials enables the superb customization of functional building blocks, advancing the flexible separation and combination of different touch modes, including location, pressure, duration, and motion pattern. As a proof of concept, the alterable robotic skin is demonstrated that integrates a position‐sensing layer and a pressure‐sensing layer. It can accurately distinguish and recognize multi‐dimensional touch motions based on less‐channel data, which showcases an efficient haptic interaction application.