bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The diagnostic value of 24‐hour ambulatory intraesophageal pH‐impedance in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms comparable with typical symptoms
Authors: Sakin Yusuf S , Vardar Rukiye , Sezgin Baha , Cetin Zeynep Erdogan , Alev Yasemin , Yildirim Esra , Kirazli Tayfun , Bor Serhat 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundThe diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux is currently based on a combination of the patient history of multichannel intraluminal impedance and ambulatory pH (MII‐pH); however, none of these findings alone is specific for the diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux. We aimed to compare the baseline characteristics and esophageal baseline impedance values between patients with and without laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from two groups of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux according to their reflux finding score (RFS) as scored by ENTs. Control patients were nonerosive reflux disease patients without laryngopharyngeal reflux. All MII‐pH parameters and baseline impedance were analyzed from six levels and the proximal and distal baseline impedance and the ratio of the proximal to distal baseline impedance levels was calculated.ResultsAltogether 123 patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux and 49 control patients were included. A total of 81 of 123 patients had RFS ≥ 7, and 42 of 123 patients had RFS < 7. Baseline impedance analysis showed that patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms had significantly lower proximal baseline impedance values (1997 ± 51 vs 2245 ± 109, p  < 0.05) than the control group. Additionally, patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms had a significantly lower proximal‐to‐distal ratio (1.28 ± 0.05 vs 1.53 ± 0.09, p  < 0.05). In the subgroup analysis, patients with RFS < 7 were found to have a significantly lower acid exposure time than either the patients with RFS ≥ 7 (3.85 ± 0.65 vs 8.2 ± 1.52, p  < 0.05) or the control group (3.85 ± 0.65 vs 6.1 ± 0.81, p  < 0.05). Additionally, patients with RFS ≥ 7 had significantly lower proximal baseline impedance levels than the control group (1970 ± 63 vs 2245 ± 109, p  < 0.05).ConclusionsPatients with pathologic laryngopharyngeal reflux symptom scores had lower proximal baseline impedance levels and lower proximal‐to‐distal ratios, which may reflect the proximal mucosal noxious effect of the refluxate. These results may indicate that laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms may be due to chronic acid exposure in the proximal segments of the esophagus, and the proximal‐to‐distal ratio may be used as a new metric for diagnosis.
Spectrum of somatic mutation dynamics in chronic myeloid leukemia following tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy
Authors: Kim TaeHyung , Tyndel Marc S. , Kim Hyeoung Joon , Ahn Jae-Sook , Choi Seung Hyun , Park Hee Jeong , Kim Yeo-kyeoung , Kim Soo Young , Lipton Jeffrey H. , Zhang Zhaolei , Kim Dennis (Dong Hwan) 
Published: October 2016

Key Points
Mutation clearance in CML does not directly result in successful treatment in CML. Clinical implications of patterns of mutation acquisition, persistence, and clearance in CML should be interpreted with caution.
Distinct shape-shifting regimes of bowl-shaped cell sheets – embryonic inversion in the multicellular green alga Pleodorina
Authors: Höhn Stephanie , Hallmann Armin 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Background
The multicellular volvocine alga Pleodorina is intermediate in organismal complexity between its unicellular relative, Chlamydomonas, and its multicellular relative, Volvox, which shows complete division of labor between different cell types. The volvocine green microalgae form a group of genera closely related to the genus Volvox within the order Volvocales (Chlorophyta). Embryos of multicellular volvocine algae consist of a cellular monolayer that, depending on the species, is either bowl-shaped or comprises a sphere. During embryogenesis, multicellular volvocine embryos turn their cellular monolayer right-side out to expose their flagella. This process is called ‘inversion’ and serves as simple model for epithelial folding in metazoa. While the development of spherical Volvox embryos has been the subject of detailed studies, the inversion process of bowl-shaped embryos is less well understood. Therefore, it has been unclear how the inversion of a sphere might have evolved from less complicated processes.

Results
In this study we characterized the inversion of initially bowl-shaped embryos of the 64- to 128-celled volvocine species Pleodorina californica. We focused on the movement patterns of the cell sheet, cell shape changes and changes in the localization of cytoplasmic bridges (CBs) connecting the cells. The development of living embryos was recorded using time-lapse light microscopy. Moreover, fixed and sectioned embryos throughout inversion and at successive stages of development were analyzed by light and transmission electron microscopy. We generated three-dimensional models of the identified cell shapes including the localization of CBs.

Conclusions
In contrast to descriptions concerning volvocine embryos with lower cell numbers, the embryonic cells of P. californica undergo non-simultaneous and non-uniform cell shape changes. In P. californica, cell wedging in combination with a relocation of the CBs to the basal cell tips explains the curling of the cell sheet during inversion. In volvocine genera with lower organismal complexity, the cell shape changes and relocation of CBs are less pronounced in comparison to P. californica, while they are more pronounced in all members of the genus Volvox. This finding supports an increasing significance of the temporal and spatial regulation of cell shape changes and CB relocations with both increasing cell number and organismal complexity during evolution of differentiated multicellularity.
Resuscitation with polymeric plasma substitutes is permissive for systemic inflammatory response syndrome and sepsis in multiply injured patients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sprengel Kai , Simmen Hanspeter , Werner Clément M. L. , Sulser Simon , Plecko Michael , Keller Catharina , Mica Ladislav 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObjectiveMultiple trauma is often accompanied by systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of polymeric plasma substitutes on the development of SIRS or sepsis.MethodsWe included 2969 patients aged ≥16 years with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) >16 in this study. The sample was subdivided into three groups: patients who did not receive colloids and those who received <5L colloids and >5L colloids within the first 48 h. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS®for Windows version 22.0; analysis of variance was used for continuous normally distributed data and Kruskal–Wallis test for categorical data. The predictive quality of colloid treatment was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Independent predictively was analyzed by binary logistic regression. Data were considered significant ifP < 0.05. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation.ResultsThe SIRS score increased with the amount of colloid used (1.9 ± 1.4 vs. 2.4 ± 1.2 vs. 3.2 ± 0.9;P < 0.001). However, the predictive quality was low, with an area under the ROC of 0.693 for SIRS and 0.669 for sepsis (P < 0.001). Binary logistic regression revealed colloids as an independent factor for the development of SIRS and sepsis (odds ratios: SIRS 3.325 and sepsis 8.984;P < 0.001).ConclusionBesides other factors, colloids have a significant permissive effect and are independent predictors for the development of SIRS and sepsis in multiply injured patients.Trial registration ‘Retrospektive Analysen in der Chirurgischen Intensivmedizin’No. St. V. 01-2008
Rab27a regulates GM-CSF-dependent priming of neutrophil exocytosis
Authors: Ramadass Mahalakshmi , Johnson Jennifer Linda , Catz Sergio D 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Neutrophil secretory proteins are mediators of systemic inflammation in infection, trauma, and cancer. In response to specific inflammatory mediators, neutrophil granules are mobilized and cargo proteins released to modulate the microenvironment of inflammatory sites and tumors. In particular, GM-CSF, a cytokine secreted by several immune, nonimmune, and tumor cells, regulates neutrophil priming and exocytosis. Whereas a comprehensive understanding of this process is necessary to design appropriate anti-inflammatory therapies, the molecular effectors regulating GM-CSF-dependent priming of neutrophil exocytosis are currently unknown. With the use of neutrophils deficient in the small GTPase Rab27a or its effector Munc13-4, we show that although both of these secretory factors control matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) exocytosis in response to GM-CSF, their involvement in exocytosis after GM-CSF priming is very different. Whereas GM-CSF priming-induced exocytosis is abolished in the absence of Rab27a for all secondary stimuli tested, including TLR7, TLR9, and formyl peptide receptor 1 (Fpr1) ligands, cells lacking Munc13-4 showed a significant exocytic response to GM-CSF priming. The mobilization of CD11b was independent of both Rab27a and Munc13-4 in GM-CSF-primed cells unless the cells were stimulated with nucleic acid-sensing TLR ligand, thus highlighting a role for both Rab27a and Munc13-4 in endocytic TLR maturation. Finally, the observation that the absence of Rab27a expression impairs the exocytosis of MMP-9 and MPO under both primed and unprimed conditions suggests that Rab27a is a possible target for intervention in inflammatory processes in which GM-CSF-dependent neutrophil priming is involved.
Frontline Science: D1 dopaminergic receptor signaling activates the AMPK-bioenergetic pathway in macrophages and alveolar epithelial cells and reduces endotoxin-induced ALI
Authors: Bone Nathaniel B , Liu Zhongyu , Pittet Jean-Francois , Zmijewski Jaroslaw W 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Catecholamines, including β-adrenergic and dopaminergic neurotransmitters, have an essential role in regulating the “fight or flight” reflex and also affects immune cell proinflammatory action. However, little is known about whether catecholamines prevent dysfunction of metabolic pathways associated with inflammatory organ injury, including development of acute lung injury (ALI). We hypothesize that selected catecholamines may reduce metabolic alterations in LPS-stimulated macrophages and in the lungs of mice subjected to endotoxin-induced ALI, a situation characterized by diminished activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). We found that activation of the dopamine 1 receptor (D1R) with fenoldopam, but not stimulation of adrenergic receptors with norepinephrine, resulted in a robust activation of AMPK in peritoneal macrophages, human monocytes, or alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). Such AMPK activation was mediated by a phospholipase C (PLC)–dependent mechanism. Unlike norepinephrine, D1R activation also prevented Thr172–AMPK dephosphorylation and kinase inactivation in LPS-treated macrophages. Furthermore, we show that a culture of AECs with either fenoldopam or the AMPK activator metformin effectively diminished IL-1β–induced release of adverse paracrine signaling, which promotes the macrophage proinflammatory response. In vivo, fenoldopam reduced the severity of LPS-induced ALI, including development of pulmonary edema, lung permeability, and production of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, MIP-2, or KC and HMGB1. Fenoldopam also prevented AMPK dephosphorylation in the lungs of LPS-treated mice and prevented loss of mitochondrial complexes NDUFB8 (complex I) and ATP synthase (complex V). Collectively, these results suggest that dopamine is coupled to AMPK activation, which provides a substantial anti-inflammatory and bioenergetic advantage and reduces the severity of endotoxin-induced ALI.
Identifying and Prioritizing Gaps in Neuroendocrine Tumor Research: A Modified Delphi Process With Patients and Health Care Providers to Set the Research Action Plan for the Newly Formed Commonwealth Neuroendocrine Tumor Collaboration
Authors: Segelov Eva , Chan David , Lawrence Ben , Pavlakis Nick , Kennecke Hagen F. , Jackson Christopher , Law Calvin , Singh Simron 
Published: October 2016

Purpose Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a diverse group of malignancies that pose challenges common to all rare tumors. The Commonwealth Neuroendocrine Tumor Collaboration (CommNETS) was established in 2015 to enhance outcomes for patients with NETs in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. A modified Delphi process was undertaken involving patients, clinicians, and researchers to identify gaps in NETs research to produce a comprehensive and defensible research action plan. Methods A three-round modified Delphi process was undertaken with larger representation than usual for medical consensus processes. Patient/advocate and health care provider/researcher expert panels undertook Round 1, which canvassed 17 research priorities and 42 potential topics; in Round 2, these priorities were ranked. Round 3 comprised a face-to-face meeting to generate final consensus rankings and formulate the research action plan. Results The Delphi groups consisted of 203 participants in Round 1 (64% health care providers/researchers, 36% patient/advocates; 52% Canadian, 32% Australian, and 17% New Zealander), of whom 132 participated in Round 2. The top eight priorities were biomarker development; peptide receptor radionuclide therapy optimization; trials of new agents in advanced NETs; functional imaging; sequencing therapies for metastatic NETs, including development of validated surrogate end points for studies; pathologic classification; early diagnosis; interventional therapeutics; and curative surgery. Two major areas were ranked significantly higher by patients/advocates: early diagnosis and curative surgery. Six CommNETS working parties were established. Conclusion This modified Delphi process resulted in a well-founded set of research priorities for the newly formed CommNETS collaboration by involving a large, diverse group of stakeholders. This approach to setting a research agenda for a new collaborative group should be adopted to ensure that research plans reflect unmet needs and priorities in the field.
Molecular phylogenetics and molecular clock dating of Sapindales based on plastid rbcL, atpB and trnL-trnF DNA sequences
Authors: Muellner-Riehl Alexandra N. , Weeks Andrea , Clayton Joshua W. , Buerki Sven , Nauheimer Lars , Chiang Yu-Chung , Cody Sarah , Pell Susan K. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis study focuses on reconstructing the time‐calibrated phylogeny of the nine families comprising the order Sapindales, representing a diverse and economically important group of eudicots including citrus, mahogany, tree‐of‐heaven, cashew, mango, pistachio, frankincense, myrrh, lychee, rambutan, maple, and buckeye. We sampled three molecular markers, plastid genes rbcL and atpB, and the trnL‐trnLF spacer region, and covered one‐third of the generic diversity of Sapindales. All three markers produced congruent phylogenies using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods for a set of taxa that included outgroups, i.e., members of the closely related orders Brassicales and Malvales, and the more distantly related Crossosomatales, Ranunculales, and Ceratophyllales. All results confirmed the current delimitation of the families within Sapindales, and the monophyly of the order. Concerning inter‐familial relationships, Biebersteiniaceae and Nitrariaceae formed a basal grade (or sister clade) to the rest of Sapindales with moderate support. The sister relationship of Kirkiaceae to Anacardiaceae and Burseraceae was strongly supported. The clade combining Anacardiaceae and Burseraceae as well as the clade combining Meliaceae, Simaroubaceae, and Rutaceae each received strong support. The sister relationship between Meliaceae and Simaroubaceae was moderately supported. The position of Sapindaceae could not be resolved with confidence. The Sapindales separated from their sister clade, comprising Brassicales and Malvales, in the Early Cretaceous at ca. 112 Ma, and diversified into the nine families from ca. 105 Ma until ca. 87 Ma during Early to Late Cretaceous times. Biebersteiniaceae and Nitrariaceae have the longest stem lineages observed in Sapindales, possibly indicating that extinction may have had a greater role in shaping their extant diversity than elsewhere within the order. Divergence within the larger families (Anacardiaceae, Burseraceae, Meliaceae, Rutaceae, Sapindaceae, Simaroubaceae) started during the Late Cretaceous, extending into the Paleogene and Neogene.
One African baobab species or two? Synonymy of Adansonia kilima and A. digitata
Authors: Cron Glynis V. , Karimi Nisa , Glennon Kelsey L. , Udeh Chukwudi A. , Witkowski Ed T.F. , Venter Sarah M. , Assogbadjo Achille E. , Baum David A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe assessed the validity of a recently described baobab species Adansonia kilima that was suggested to be a diploid occurring in both eastern and southern Africa at high elevations within the range of the well‐known tetraploid species A. digitata. We used a combination of phylogenetic analyses and statistical comparisons of various traits (e.g., flowers, stomata, pollen, chromosome counts) to test for the presence of two continental African baobab species. Ordination of the floral features of 133 herbarium specimens from across the natural range of A. digitata, including the putative type of A. kilima and other Tanzanian accessions as previously assigned A. kilima, revealed no distinct clusters of specimens. Likewise, stomatal size and density varied greatly across the specimens examined, with no clear bimodal pattern and no obvious association with altitude. The type specimen of A. kilima was found to have a chromosome number of 2n ≈ 166, showing it to be a tetraploid, like A. digitata. Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS region showed little resolution within the African baobab clade and a lack of distinction between the A. kilima type and A. digitata regional accessions. Among the 13 haplotypes detected, no distinct haplotype representing A. kilima was identified. Based on the data at hand we conclude that A. kilima is neither cytologically nor morphologically distinct and is here reduced to synonymy with A. digitata.
US Defense Contractor Raytheon and Its Features
Authors: Савченко  , Savchenko Evgeniy 
Published: October 2016

The article considers the key features of US defense contractor Raytheon and
business trends and prospects of business development in modern conditions,
which are characterized by crisis trends in US military budget. The attention is
also paid to the fact that the company has managed to show growth of financials
in spite of the fact of declining orders from US federal government.
The Role of Communication of Performance Schemes: Evidence from a Field Experiment
Authors: Englmaier Florian , Roider Andreas , Sunde Uwe 
Published: October 2016

In corporate practice, incentive schemes are often complicated even for simple tasks. Hence, the way they are communicated might matter. In a natural field experiment, we study a minimally invasive change in the communication of a well-established incentive scheme—a reminder regarding the piece rate at the beginning of the shift. The experiment was conducted in a large firm where experienced managers work in a team production setting and where incentives for both quantity and quality of output are provided. While the treatment conveyed no additional material information and left the incentive system unchanged, it had significant positive effects on quantity and on managers’ compensation. These effects are economically sizable and robust to alternative empirical specifications. We consider various potential mechanisms, but our preferred explanation is that the treatment raised the salience of incentives. This paper was accepted by John List, behavioral economics.
Comment on “Strategic Information Management Under Leakage in a Supply Chain”
Authors: Tian Lin , Jiang Baojun 
Published: October 2016

Anand and Goyal [Anand KS, Goyal M (2009) Strategic information management under leakage in a supply chain. Management Sci. 55(3):438–452] propose a horizontal differentiation model to study information leakage and demand signaling in a supply chain. The authors present a composite equilibrium consisting of separating and pooling outcomes in different parameter regions and claim that it satisfies the intuitive criterion. We show that their analysis for the pooling equilibrium has errors and also that all pooling outcomes are actually eliminated by the intuitive criterion. The positive note is that if the undefeated equilibrium or the lexicographically maximum sequential equilibrium refinement is adopted, a similar composite equilibrium will be achieved, which will lead to qualitatively the same results as in the original paper. This paper was accepted by Chris Forman, information systems.
Have You Yet Found Home?
Authors: Irmer Thomas 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Matthias Lilienthal’s directorship at the Kammerspiele began with the construction of a series of sleeping units scattered throughout Munich whose costs were not to exceed 250 euros. The apartments drew attention to the everday topic of conversation about the too expensive and at the same time vacant apartments in the city, whereby the project entered the spaces of social life. Such installations become a theatre project when temporary dwellers move in and are then seen as part of the performance by spectators passing by.
The Age of Forensics: Memory, Emancipatory Politics or Visual Strategy? Interview with Eyal Weizman and Anselm Franke
Authors: Kirn Gal , Tajeri Niloufar 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Eyal Weizman and Anselm Franke speak in detail about their collaborative effort and exhibition Forensis at HKW, Berlin. The interview by Nilourfar Tajeri and Gal Kirn tackled three major topics that emerged in the conferences during the exhibition: first, they spoke about the aesthetical implications of forensic realism and about the genesis of their collaborative work; secondly, they traced the relationship of forensics to emancipatory politics; and thirdly, they observed some theoretical and political underpinnings of the major shift from the age of the witness to the age of forensics, this connected to potential consequences for a different politics and culture of forensic memory.
Manifesto of Post-Futurism – Literally
Authors: Arhar Nika , Brezavšček Pia , Čičigoj Katja , Rakef Saška , Založnik Jasmina 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
If the future is already here, what comes after? Tortoises, singular rhythms, disarming femininity, knowing the world, sages, the body, bearded man, sleep, ecstasy, sharing of imaginations, sweet energy... and more.
Theologische Annäherungen an die Rede vom »Ewigen Leben«
Authors: Welker Michael 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In our days, Western thought has a skeptical attitude towards talk about eternal life. The article first shows that in his famous Theology of Hope Jürgen Moltmann does not only discuss this skeptical position, but identifies a source for a realistic approach to eternal life, namely hope that is inspired by the forces of eternal life and becomes itself a resource of power in ecclesial and political contexts. Secondly the article focuses on the vitality of eternal life and the need for its embodied presence. It addresses the problem that, as a rule, the body is associated with finite corporeal existence; it is not endowed with the soteriological power we associate with eternal life. So what could be a connecting point between finite and perishing bodily existence and saving eternal life? In a third step the article explores the spiritual body and its presence in the existence of the resurrected Christ and his Spirit. We encounter the spiritual body with its saving powers in the hope-igniting presence of Christ not only in word and sacrament, but also in a multitude of received and given diaconal forms of love of one’s neighbor and in prophetic search and care for truth and justice.