bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequent immunoglobulin G4 expression in a common variant of primary cutaneous marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Sun Jing Ru , Nong Lin , Liu Xiao Qing , Tu Ping , Wang Yang 
Published: October 2017

AbstractImmunoglobulin (Ig)G4 expression was recently observed in a proportion of primary cutaneous marginal zone B‐cell lymphoma (PCMZL) with plasmacytic differentiation. IgG4‐related disease is characterised by polyclonal lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with IgG4 expression, storiform fibrosis and obliterative phlebitis in histopathology. Here we report three cases of common variants of PCMZL with predominant and varied IgG4 expression, suggesting there is an underlying clonal progression between these two entities.
The menstrual cycle and blood loss during laparoscopic myomectomy
Authors: Clark Nisse V. , Wang Karen C. , Opoku‐Anane Jessica , Hill‐Lydecker Catherine I. , Vitonis Allison F. , Einarsson Jon I. , Cohen Sarah L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIntroductionOperative morbidity of laparoscopic myomectomy largely relates to the potential for intraoperative blood loss. We sought to determine whether blood loss varies according to the menstrual cycle.Material and methodsA retrospective study of 268 women who underwent a laparoscopic myomectomy from 2007 to 2012. Patients were categorized into five menstrual groups: follicular phase, luteal phase, oligomenorrheic or amenorrheic on hormonal therapy, postmenopausal or other. Patient and procedure characteristics were compared for the follicular phase group, luteal phase group, and hormonal therapy group. The estimated blood loss was compared across the five groups using a regression model.ResultsA total of 268 women underwent a laparoscopic myomectomy: 108 (40.3%) were in the follicular phase, 92 (34.3%) were in the luteal phase, 44 (16.4%) were on hormonal therapy, nine (3.4%) were postmenopausal, and 15 (5.6%) could not be classified. Baseline patient characteristics were similar between the groups with the exception of endometriosis. Geometric mean estimated blood loss was 91.9 mL in the follicular phase group, 108.7 mL in the luteal phase group, 114.1 mL in the hormonal therapy group, and 39.8 mL in the postmenopausal group. There was no significant difference in the geometric mean estimated blood loss when comparing the follilcuar phase, luteal phase, and hormonal phase groups (p = 0.41). Upon adjusted multivariable analysis of all five menstrual groups, there was also no difference in estimated blood loss.ConclusionsIntraoperative blood loss during laparoscopic myomectomy does not vary significantly with the phase of the menstrual cycle.
Antenatal corticosteroid treatment and placental pathology, with a focus on villous maturation
Authors: Um‐Bergström Miranda , Papadogiannakis Nikos , Westgren Magnus , Vinnars Marie‐Therese 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIntroductionMothers at risk of preterm birth are treated with antenatal corticosteroids, which have advantageous effects for prematurely born infants. Accelerated villous maturation in the placenta is also associated with improved perinatal outcome. The primary aim of this study was to examine the association between antenatal corticosteroids and accelerated villous maturation. The secondary aim was to study associations with other placental pathologies.Material and methodsA retrospective cohort study including 105 women who had (n = 75) or had not (n = 30) been treated with antenatal corticosteroids. The women gave birth between 22+0 and 26+6 weeks of gestation in Stockholm County between 1 April 2004 and 31 March 2007. A pathologist blinded to all clinical data except gestational age examined the placental slides to identify pathology parameters. The outcomes were correlated with antenatal corticosteroid treatment, and confounding factors were adjusted using logistic regression.ResultsAccelerated villous maturation was significantly higher in the group treated with corticosteroids (odds ratio 16, 95% CI 2.4–690, p = 0.0005). After adjustment for gestational age and preeclampsia, the difference remained significant (odds ratio 8.9, 95% CI 1.2–389, p = 0.021). No significant associations were found regarding the secondary outcome variables, after adjusting for possible confounders.ConclusionsAntenatal corticosteroid treatment before preterm birth is associated with accelerated villous maturation. This could be one of the pathways by which corticosteroids are beneficial for preterm infants.
Mid‐Holocene frozen ground in China from PMIP3 simulations
Authors: Liu Yeyi , Jiang Dabang 
Published: October 2017

Extensive degradation of frozen ground in the mid‐Holocene is widely assumed on the basis of sparse proxy data. Here, the simulated soil temperature from the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project Phase 3 is used to address this issue over China. By comparing with the results of a preindustrial (0 ka, baseline) simulation, we show that frozen ground in the mid‐Holocene (6 ka) simulation is degraded mainly in northeast China and on the northern Tibetan Plateau. The change follows closely orbitally induced variations in insolation. Quantitatively, permafrost area reduces by 0.02×106 km2 in northeast China in response to an orbitally induced increase in boreal summer insolation but increases by 0.08×106 km2 on the southern Tibetan Plateau due to local summer cooling. Changing values of active layer thickness vary greatly amongst different locations. On average, they are 3 and 4 cm thicker than the preindustrial values in northeast China and on the Tibetan Plateau, respectively. No degradation in seasonally frozen ground is detected over China as a whole. Regionally, its coverage increases by 0.21×106 km2 near the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River valley. In addition, the maximum depth of seasonal frost penetration is on average 8.5 cm deeper than preindustrial values due to widespread winter cooling. The changes in frozen ground are consistent amongst models. However, the models disagree with proxy data in terms of not only the changes in frozen ground but also climate. Further modelling improvements and adequate proxy data are both needed to fill in the gaps between models and the data in our knowledge of the mid‐Holocene frozen ground.
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 inhibitors block laparotomy‐ and opioid‐induced infarct size reduction in rats
Authors: Heymann Helen M , Wu Yun , Lu Yao , Qvit Nir , Gross Garrett J , Gross Eric R 
Published: October 2017

Background and PurposeIn light of the opioid epidemic, physicians are increasingly prescribing non‐opioid analgesics to surgical patients. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) inhibitors are potentially alternative pain therapeutics for surgery. Here, we examined in rodents whether the cardioprotection conferred by two common procedures during surgery, a laparotomy or morphine delivery, is mediated by the TRPV1 channel. We further tested whether an experimental analgesic peptide (known as P5) targeted against the TRPV1 C‐terminus region interferes with laparotomy‐ or morphine‐induced cardioprotection.Experimental ApproachMale Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to 30 min coronary occlusion followed by 120 min reperfusion. Before ischaemia, a laparotomy with or without capsaicin application (0.1% cream, a TRPV1 activator) was performed. Additional rats were given morphine (0.3 mg·kg−1) with or without capsaicin. In addition, capsazepine (3 mg·kg−1, a classical TRPV1 inhibitor), or P5 (3 mg·kg−1, a peptide analgesic and TRPV1 inhibitor), was given either alone or prior to a laparotomy or morphine administration. Myocardial infarct size was determined.Key ResultsA laparotomy, in addition to combining a laparotomy with capsaicin cream, reduced infarct size versus control. Morphine, in addition to combining morphine administration with capsaicin cream, also reduced infarct size versus control. When TRPV1 inhibitors capsazepine or P5 were given, either TRPV1 inhibitor abolished the infarct size reduction mediated by a laparotomy or morphine.Conclusions and ImplicationsInhibiting the TRPV1 channel blocks laparotomy‐ or morphine‐induced cardioprotection. Impaired organ protection may be a potential pitfall of using TRPV1 inhibitors for pain control.
Preventive and therapeutic potential of ascorbic acid in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Moretti Morgana , Fraga Daiane Bittencourt , Rodrigues Ana Lúcia S. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryIn this review, we summarize the involvement of ascorbic acid in neurodegenerative diseases by presenting available evidence on the behavioral and biochemical effects of this compound in animal models of neurodegeneration as well as the use of ascorbic acid as a therapeutic approach to alleviate neurodegenerative progression in clinical studies. Ascorbate, a reduced form of vitamin C, has gained interest for its multiple functions and mechanisms of action, contributing to the homeostasis of normal tissues and organs as well as to tissue regeneration. In the brain, ascorbate exerts neuromodulatory functions and scavenges reactive oxygen species generated during synaptic activity and neuronal metabolism. These are important properties as redox imbalance and abnormal protein aggregation constitute central mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Indeed, several studies have indicated an association between low serum ascorbate concentrations and neurodegeneration. Moreover, ascorbic acid is a suitable candidate for supplying either antioxidant defense or modulation of neuronal and astrocytic metabolism under neurodegenerative conditions. Ascorbic acid acts mainly by decreasing oxidative stress and reducing the formation of protein aggregates, which may contribute to the reduction of cognitive and/or motor impairments observed in neurodegenerative processes. Although several studies support a possible role of ascorbic acid administration against neurodegeneration, more researches are essential to substantiate the existing results and accelerate the knowledge in this field.
A real‐time prediction model for post‐irradiation malignant cervical lymph nodes
Authors: Lo W.‐C. , Cheng P.‐W. , Shueng P.‐W. , Hsieh C.‐H. , Chang Y.‐L. , Liao L.‐J. 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveTo establish a real‐time predictive scoring model based on sonographic characteristics for identifying malignant cervical lymph nodes (LNs) in cancer patients after neck irradiation.MethodsOne‐hundred forty‐four irradiation‐treated patients underwent ultrasonography and ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspirations (USgFNAs), and the resultant data were used to construct a real‐time and computerised predictive scoring model. This scoring system was further compared with our previously proposed prediction model.ResultsA predictive scoring model, 1.35 × (L axis) + 2.03 × (S axis) + 2.27 × (margin) + 1.48 × (echogenic hilum) + 3.7, was generated by stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis. Neck LNs were considered to be malignant when the score was ≥ 7, corresponding to a sensitivity of 85.5%, specificity of 79.4%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 82.3%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 83.1%, and overall accuracy of 82.6%. When this new model and the original model were compared, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (c‐statistic) were 0.89 and 0.81, respectively (P < .05).ConclusionsA real‐time sonographic predictive scoring model was constructed to provide prompt and reliable guidance for USgFNA biopsies to manage cervical LNs after neck irradiation.
Überlegenheit der okzipitalen Entnahmestelle bei Spalthauttransplantationen in der Dermatochirurgie: Ergebnisse einer prospektiven, randomisierten, kontrollierten Studie
Authors: Kovacs Maximilian , Karsai Syrus , Podda Maurizio 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungHintergrundSpalthauttransplantationen gehören in den klinischen Alltag der Dermatochirurgie. Für okzipital entnommene Spalthauttransplantate liegen bereits retrospektive Beobachtungsstudien vor, die ein gutes operatives Ergebnis hinsichtlich der Ein‐ und Abheilrate postulieren. Trotzdem werden in der Mehrheit der Fälle in der Dermatochirurgie femorale Entnahmestellen gewählt. Eine randomisierte, kontrollierte Studie zum Vergleich der Entnahmestelle fehlt bisher.Patienten und Methodik108 Patienten wurden nach mikrographisch kontrollierter R0‐Resektion zur Defektdeckung mittels Spalthauttransplantat in zwei Gruppen randomisiert (Entnahmestelle Hinterkopf vs. Oberschenkel). Verlaufskontrollen wurden am Tag 3, 5, 7, 14, sowie nach einem und drei Monaten durchgeführt. Es erfolgte eine Dokumentation bezüglich Einheilrate des Transplantats, Reepithelisierungsrate an der Entnahmestelle, Schmerzhaftigkeit, kosmetisches Ergebnis, Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) an der Entnahmestelle und am Transplantat, Patientenzufriedenheit sowie möglicher Komplikationen.ErgebnisseDie okzipitale Entnahmestelle zeigte eine signifikant schnellere Reepithelisierungsrate, weniger Schmerzhaftigkeit, weniger Komplikationen, ein besseres kosmetisches Ergebnis und hinterließ nach VSS eine qualitativ hochwertigere Narbe als die Entnahme am Oberschenkel. Hinsichtlich der Einheilrate im Defekt waren okzipital entnommene Transplantate den femoralen an den Tagen drei und fünf signifikant überlegen.SchlussfolgerungenDies ist die erste randomisierte, kontrollierte Studie, die eine signifikante Überlegenheit der okzipitalen gegenüber der femoralen Entnahmestelle hinsichtlich Reepithelisierung, Schmerzen, des optischen Ergebnisses und des VSS zeigt.
S1‐Leitlinie zur Diagnostik und Therapie der Ichthyosen – Aktualisierung
Authors: Oji Vinzenz , Preil Marie‐Luise , Kleinow Barbara , Wehr Geske , Fischer Judith , Hennies Hans Christian , Hausser Ingrid , Breitkreutz Dirk , Aufenvenne Karin , Stieler Karola , Tantcheva‐Poór Illiana , Weidinger Stefan , Emmert Steffen , Hamm Henning , Perusquia‐Ortiz Ana Maria , Zaraeva Irina , Diem Anja , Giehl Kathrin , Fölster‐Holst Regina , Kiekbusch Kirstin , Höger Peter , Ott Hagen , Traupe Heiko 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungIchthyosen sind seltene genetische Hautkrankheiten, die den Kliniker vor mannigfache Herausforderungen stellen, insbesondere in Bezug auf das Stellen einer zutreffenden Diagnose und einer angemessenen therapeutischen Betreuung. Mit dieser Aktualisierung der deutschen Ichthyosis‐Leitlinie berücksichtigen wir jüngste diagnostische Fortschritte, die in die Konsensus‐Klassifikation von Sorèze mündeten und erarbeiten einen aktuellen Diagnose‐Algorithmus, der sowohl das klinische Bild als auch die Molekulargenetik dieser Erkrankungen berücksichtigt. Darüber hinaus wird der heutige Wissensstand bezüglich therapeutischer Ansätze wie psychosozialer Unterstützung, Balneotherapie, mechanischer Schuppenlösung, topischer Salbentherapie und Systemtherapie mit Retinoiden erläutert und es werden allgemeine Aspekte wie die Indikation für Physiotherapie, Ergotherapie oder die Notwendigkeit einer umfassenden genetischen Beratung diskutiert. Diese Aktualisierung der deutschen Ichthyosis‐Leitlinie wurde durch eine interdisziplinär besetzte Leitlinienkonferenz verabschiedet, an der Dermatologen, Kinderärzte, Humangenetiker und Naturwissenschaftler teilnahmen und in die die deutsche Patientenorganisation Selbsthilfe Ichthyose e. V. eingebunden war.
Nichtinvasive Diagnostik in der Dermatologie
Authors: Welzel Julia , Schuh Sandra 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungNeben der Auflichtmikroskopie gibt es bildgebende und biophysikalische Methoden, mit denen Hautveränderungen nichtinvasiv diagnostiziert werden können. Die konfokale Lasermikroskopie ermöglicht eine hochauflösende Darstellung der Epidermis bis zur oberen Dermis. Sie eignet sich insbesondere zur Differenzialdiagnostik melanozytärer Läsionen. Die optische Kohärenztomographie hat eine geringere Auflösung bei besserer Eindringtiefe. Ihre Domäne ist die Diagnostik epithelialer Hauttumoren und insbesondere die Verlaufsbeobachtung unter nichtchirurgischen Therapien. Die elektrische Impedanzspektroskopie liefert keine Bilder der Haut, sondern berechnet einen Score, der durch die zelluläre Irregularität der Haut beeinflusst wird. Die Multispektralanalyse beleuchtet die Haut mit unterschiedlichen Wellenlängen und berechnet ebenfalls einen Score. Beide Methoden eignen sich zur Differenzialdiagnose zwischen dysplastischen Nävi und malignen Melanomen. Weitere bildgebende und biophysikalische Diagnosemethoden befinden sich noch in einem experimentellen Entwicklungsstadium.Die Methoden ermöglichen eine Verbesserung der nichtinvasiven Diagnostik, indem sie die Sensitivität und Spezifität der klinischen und auflichtmikroskopischen Diagnostik erhöhen, Verlaufsbeobachtungen ermöglichen und Therapieeffekte quantifizieren können. Sie unterstützen die Früherkennung maligner Tumoren und helfen auf der anderen Seite, unnötige Exzisionen benigner Veränderungen zu vermeiden.
Cerebral palsy after assisted reproductive technology: a cohort study
Authors: Goldsmith Shona , Mcintyre Sarah , Badawi Nadia , Hansen Michele 
Published: October 2017

AimTo calculate the birth prevalence of cerebral palsy (CP) after assisted reproductive technology (ART) and compare the clinical outcomes of children with CP after ART or natural conception.MethodThis cohort study used linked CP and ART register data from live births in Western Australia (1994–2002). Birth prevalence was calculated and data analysed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. It was adjusted for confounding variables and stratified by plurality and gestational age.ResultsIn total, 211 660 live births were included; prevalence of CP was increased in children born after ART (7.2/1000 live births compared with naturally conceived births, 2.5/1000). Odds of CP were doubled for singletons; when stratified by gestational age odds were only increased in the under 32‐week group. Prevalence of CP was increased in ART (9.9/1000 live births) and naturally conceived twins (8.4/1000 live births). Clinical outcomes were similar between ART and naturally conceived children.InterpretationThe birth prevalence of CP is increased two‐fold after ART. After stratification for gestational age and plurality, residual risk remains in singletons born very preterm. Birth prevalence of CP will be tracked over time to identify any impact of changes to clinical practice.What this paper adds

In Western Australia, assisted reproductive technology (ART) increases birth prevalence of cerebral palsy (CP), mediated mostly by preterm and multiple births.

Preterm birth alone does not account for the doubled odds of CP for ART singletons born very preterm.

Clinical outcomes are similar between ART and naturally conceived children with CP.
The pediatric echocardiography Boot Camp: Four‐year experience and impact on clinical performance
Authors: Maskatia Shiraz A. , Cabrera Antonio G. , Morris Shaine A. , Altman Carolyn A. 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundWe previously reported on the short‐term impact of an echocardiography “Boot Camp” on a single class of cardiology fellows (CF). The impact of the Boot Camp on performance throughout fellowship is unknown.MethodsWe enrolled four classes of CFs and two classes of cardiac ICU fellows (CVs) prospectively into the Boot Camp and compared CFs to a historical cohort. Experience with echocardiography was surveyed. Outcome measures included written pre‐ and post‐Camp exams, a performance based test (PBT), self‐efficacy assessments, numbers of echocardiograms performed, and echocardiogram quality during the last 3 months of fellowship.ResultsA total of 25 CFs and 7 CVs participated in the Boot Camp from July 2012‐July 2015. Median experience score was 13/40 (4–23). Median self‐efficacy improved from 22/147 (range 21–45) to 90/147 (range 49–133) (P=<.001), and written scores from 14/29 (8–24) to 24/29 (13–29) (P<.001). CFs who completed the Boot Camp performed more independent echocardiograms compared to controls at the end of the 1st (37.7±12.2 vs 28.2±12.1, P=.15), 2nd (71.3±24.4 vs 47.6±16.0, P=.044), and third year of fellowship (130.4±44.0 vs 100.0±29.3, P=.230), and on average achieved 150 total echocardiograms in the 4.8th quarter compared to the 7.8th quarter in controls, P=.053. 2D quality scores were higher and shortening fraction more often obtained in echocardiograms performed by Boot Camp CFs compared to controls.ConclusionsThe pediatric echocardiography Boot Camp improved self‐efficacy, acquisition, and retention of echocardiography skills and knowledge, and increased echocardiogram performance. Observed differences between Boot Camp and control CFs appear to wane across fellowship.
Host plant and habitat preference of the endangeredEuphydryas maturna(Lepidoptera:Nymphalidae): evidence from northernEurope
Authors: LINDMAN LY , REMM JAANUS , MEISTER HENDRIK , TAMMARU TOOMAS 
Published: October 2017

1. The aim of the present study was to evaluate host plant and habitat preferences in the Estonian populations ofEuphydryas maturna, a regionally polyphagous but often locally specialised butterfly endangered in most parts of its European range.2. Laboratory trials suggested thatFraxinus excelsior,Viburnum opulusandMelampyrum pratenseare plants recognised by ovipositing females as potential hosts. These plants also supported development of the larvae, with the poorest growth performance onM. pratense.3. Both a transect count‐based habitat occupancy analysis and a country‐wide landscape occupancy analysis revealed the abundance ofF. excelsioras the primary determinant of the occurrence ofE. maturna. In contrast, the occurrence ofE. maturnawas not associated with habitats colonised byM. pratense.4. The results suggest that European ash,F. excelsior, is the main, if not the only, host plant ofE. maturnain Estonia. The use ofV. opuluscannot be excluded, although, due the relative scarcity of this plant, an important role for it as a determinant of the distribution ofE. maturnais unlikely.Melampyrum pratenseis not likely an alternative host ofE. maturnain Estonia, which contrasts with the situation in neighbouring Finland.5. This study adds to the evidence of geographical differences in host specialisation in melitaeine butterflies. The results imply that conservation actions should focus on securing the favourable status of the locally used host plant; the populations ofF. excelsiorare currently threatened by a fungal disease, ash dieback.