bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renewing hope for Cyprus peace: a novel approach to reconcile the negotiation positions of the Turkish Cypriot side and the Greek Cypriot side
Authors: Sözen Ahmet , Şahin Devrim 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Focusing on the achievements and failures of the 2017 Crans-Montana negotiations, this study examines the research question of how and why the last talks failed to resolve the Cyprus issue. It argues that progress in the negotiations was hindered by the enduring mistrust between the community leaders and the inadequacy of their resolve to reach common ground by reconciling their respective differences about the security and guarantees issue. The study suggests the process that helped bring about the Northern Ireland Good Friday Agreement offers a practical and effective approach to compare with the case of a seemingly intractable situation such as the Cyprus problem. The Irish–British negotiations were open to and involved a wide range of parties including the government, civil society, and international stakeholders. Moreover, they benefited from the decision to set a firm deadline for the conclusion of the negotiations. The findings of this study stress that because the previous Cyprus talks lacked an inclusive and transparent negotiation process – one with stated deadlines complete with alternative scenarios in the event of a referendum – they failed to address the broad gap of trust between the two Cypriot communities.
To date or not to date? A comparison of different 14C pretreatment methods applied to archeological marine shells from Vale Boi (Portugal)
Authors: Paleček Dragana , Falini Giuseppe , Wacker Lukas , Mannino Marcello A. , Bicho Nuno , Cascalheira João , Rombolà Alessandro G. , Fabbri Daniele , Talamo Sahra 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMollusk shells are often found in archeological sites, given their great preservation potential and high value as a multipurpose resource, and they can often be the only available materials useful for radiocarbon (14C) dating. However, dates obtained from shells are often regarded as less reliable compared to those from bones, wood, or charcoals due to different factors (e.g., Isotope fractionation, reservoir effects etc.). The standard acid etching pretreatment for mollusk shells is the most used in many 14C laboratories, although another protocol known as CarDS (Carbonate Density Separation) was introduced just over a decade ago. We compare these two methods with two newly proposed methods for intracellular organic matrix extraction. We applied all four methods to samples selected from different archeological layers of the well-known Upper Paleolithic site of Vale Boi, rich in mollusk specimens throughout the stratigraphic sequence. Here we compare our results to previous dates to determine which of these pretreatment methods results in the most reliable 14C dates. Based on the results of this study, all four methods gave inconsistent ages compared to previous dates and the stratigraphic attribution.
Dissociation between caloric test and the video head impulse test in individuals with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders
Authors: Sinha Sujeet Kumar , Neupane Anuj Kumar , Gururaj Krithika 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The present study aimed to measure an association between the caloric test and vestibulo-ocular reflex gain and refixation saccades in individuals with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders.

Methods
Twenty individuals (9 males and 11 females), in the age range of 17 to 38 years, diagnosed with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders, and 20 normal-hearing individuals (age and gender matched) participated in the study. All the individuals underwent case history, pure tone audiometry, immittance evaluation, otoacoustic emissions, auditory brainstem response, caloric tests and video head impulse tests.

Results
All the patients with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders in the present study had hypoactive caloric responses, which suggested peripheral vestibular lesions. The mean vestibulo-ocular reflex gain was reduced in few patients with auditory neuropathy, whereas few patients had normal vestibulo-ocular reflex gain.

Conclusions
The present study revealed a discrepancy between the caloric and video head impulse test results in auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders. The vestibular evaluation should be done for all patients with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders to understand the various types of vestibular nerve lesions.
Outcomes of the modern management approach for locally advanced (T3–T4) laryngeal cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Rajgor Amarkumar Dhirajlal , Cowley Josh , Gillespie Colin , Lee Chang Woo , O'Hara James , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid , Hamilton David Winston 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundOur centre (Freeman Hospital, Newcatle Upon Tyne NHS Trust) has favoured primary surgery over chemoradiotherapy for specific advanced laryngeal cancer patients (e.g. large-volume tumours, airway compromise, significant dysphagia, T4 disease). This study reports the survival outcomes for a modern, high-volume head and neck centre favouring surgical management to determine whether this approach improves survival.MethodRetrospective analysis of patient data over a seven-year period from a tertiary cancer centre.ResultsIn total, 121 patients were identified with T3 (n = 76) or T4 (n = 45) laryngeal cancer (mean follow up 2.9 years). In the cohort treated with curative intent (n = 104, 86.0 per cent), the 2- and 5-year estimated disease-specific survival rates were 77.9 and 64.1 per cent. chemoradiotherapy had the highest 2-year disease-specific survival (92.5 per cent), followed by surgery with adjuvant therapy (81.8 per cent), radiotherapy alone (75 per cent) and surgery alone (72.4 per cent).ConclusionFor a centre favouring primary surgery for certain advanced laryngeal cancers, the disease-specific survival appears no higher than that found in the published literature. To enhance survival, future research should focus on precision medicine to define treatment pathways in this disease.
Prognostic factors in post-Covid-19 acute invasive fungal sinusitis
Authors: Abdelmeguid Ahmed Salama , El-Okda Mohamed Mohamed Abdel-Fattah , Abozaid Menna Allah Mostafa , Ebada Hisham Atef 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study is to identify the prognostic factors that may have an effect on the outcome of post-coronavirus disease 2019 acute invasive fungal sinusitis in order to help optimise diagnosis and management.MethodsThis retrospective study involved 60 patients with post-coronavirus disease 2019 acute invasive fungal sinusitis. We identified and studied several factors that may have an effect on the prognosis. These factors included patient-related factors, disease-related factors, and treatment-related factors.ResultsComorbidities especially renal impairment, previous intensive care unit admission, skin involvement, and intracranial spread of infection are associated with significantly poorer outcomes. Early aggressive surgical debridement is an independent factor associated with better prognosis.ConclusionIdentifying prognostic factors may have a role in prevention of invasive fungal sinusitis, predicting prognosis, and tailoring patient-specific treatment protocols.
Promoting the advancement of otology and audiology: a history of the Thomas Wickham-Jones (TWJ) Foundation
Authors: Wickham-Jones M , Bailey M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives:
For 50 years, the Thomas Wickham-Jones (TWJ) Foundation has promoted the advancement of otology and audiology in the UK and Republic of Ireland through a series of overseas Fellowships and other grants.

Methods:
The paper examines the history of the Foundation since its establishment in 1974, drawing upon the Foundation's archives and personal recollections. The analysis is located within a framework concerning the factors that shape the success or failure of a foundation including vision, strategy, information, leadership and finance.

Results:
The activities of the TWJ Foundation are charted over five decades, and the governance of the Foundation is detailed. Particular attention is given to the Major Fellowships offered, at first in North America, and to their subsequent development into the Foundation's current rotation.

Conclusion:
The paper offers an assessment of the TWJ Foundation's impact on the training of otologists in the British Isles and concludes with a brief self-reflective analysis.
Sex differences in donor-site morbidity after microvascular free tissue head and neck reconstruction
Authors: Teitelbaum Jordan I. , Choi David D. , Moreno Kattia F. , Tabangin Meredith E. , Patil Yash J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The purpose of this study is to investigate whether sex plays a role in donor-site dysfunction after head and neck reconstruction.

Methods
In this retrospective case series, 76 patients were assessed for donor-site morbidity using the Short Form 36, Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment, disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand, and lower-limb core scale. Differences by sex were compared using t-tests. Multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to adjust for potential confounders.

Results
Females observed significantly greater disability for the SF-36 mental component summary score with a mean of 45.9 (standard deviation 10.5) compared to males, with a mean of 51.8 (standard deviation 10.2), p = 0.02. Sex is significantly related to SF-36 mental component summary score after controlling for neuropsychiatric disease and tracheostomy status.

Conclusion
Females reported significantly worse mental component scores compared to males undergoing free flap reconstruction of the head and neck.
Congenital hearing loss: introduction of the R67 large gene panel in England
Authors: Fazili Ahmed , Blanchford Hannah , Tsioulos Kostas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Congenital hearing loss is a chronic condition which occurs worldwide. In the past, investigations focused on testing the most common genes associated with hearing loss (such as Connexin 26-related hearing loss). Targeted testing of specific genes was requested only when a particular syndrome was suspected. Recent advances have led to the development of a large gene panel which utilises next-generation sequencing to simultaneously test for pathogenic variants in many genes associated with hearing loss.

Aim
This review article aims to highlight the changes in the approach to congenital hearing loss in the context of the R67 gene panel, and how its use may increase the efficiency of the diagnosis and management of this condition.

Conclusion
The use of this large gene panel has revolutionised the approach to hearing loss. Uptake of this large gene panel has resulted in prompter diagnosis and therefore more appropriate clinical management.
Paediatric temporal bone fractures: a single centre experience
Authors: Algouneh Arash , Madou Edward , Gandhi Karan , Paradis Josee , Graham M. Elise , Strychowsky Julie , Husein Murad , You Peng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate clinical characteristics, treatments and outcomes of paediatric temporal bone fractures at our institute.

Methods:
A retrospective study of paediatric skull fractures confirmed by imaging from January 2010 to December 2022. Data on demographics, clinical presentations, injury mechanisms and complications were analysed, and fractures were categorised into otic capsule sparing (OCS) and violating (OCV).

Results:
Of 369 skull fracture cases, 88 (24 per cent) involved temporal bones, predominantly caused by falls and vehicle accidents. Common symptoms were loss of consciousness, hematoma, and hemotympanum, with complications like facial nerve injury and cerebrospinal fluid leaks in 3.4 per cent of cases. OCV fractures led to more severe complications, including hearing loss. Audiology showed 65 per cent without hearing impairment, while others had various degrees of loss.

Conclusion:
Paediatric temporal bone fractures, particularly OCV types, pose significant challenges. Early detection and thorough management are vital, underscoring the need for consistent data collection and regular audiometric monitoring.
Tiger shikars: The Wodeyars’ construction of a Rajput identity through sport
Authors: Abraham Tresa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article explores the practice of the sport of tiger hunting among the Wodeyars, the maharajas of Mysore, through an examination of art, archival records, state gazetteers, and a tour diary of Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV. It argues that the Wodeyars only adopted the sport as an expression of kingship in the late nineteenth century, under British influence. This, I posit, was part of their larger attempt to align their kingship to more popular Indian modes, specifically the Rajputs. By reading accounts of the sport in Krishnaraja Wodeyar’s tour diary, along with examining the Wodeyars’ attempts at forging kinship relations with the Rajputs, the article demonstrates how the sport became crucial to the Wodeyars’ assertion of a Rajput identity and to attempts to obtain a higher position in the princely hierarchy of the colonial period. The recognition that the success of tiger hunts was significant to Rajput kingship and identity, along with rising concern over the diminishing tiger population, led the Wodeyars to enclose forests, establish private hunting preserves and a shikar department, and classify tiger as game in an attempt to improve the sport and make it exclusive.
Muriqui House: conservation management to support the recovery of the northern muriqui Brachyteles hypoxanthus in Ibitipoca, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: de Melo Fabiano R. , Tabacow Fernanda P. , Pereira Priscila Maria , Nery Marcello S. , Moreira Leandro S. , Teixeira Érika Procópio Tostes , Simonini-Teixeira Danilo , Valença-Montenegro Mônica , Strier Karen B. , Jerusalinsky Leandro 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Ensuring the demographic and genetic viability of small populations of threatened primates requires a range of management approaches. Here we describe a novel mixed in situ and ex situ management project that was developed to restore a population of the Critically Endangered northern muriqui Brachyteles hypoxanthus. This isolated population, located in Ibitipoca, Lima Duarte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, had declined to two adult males and would have gone extinct without intervention. A first attempt at in situ management in 2017 involved the translocation of a solitary female from another region, but this female did not associate or interact with the males and disappeared after 9 months. We thus initiated a second and ongoing ex situ management project that involved constructing a complex consisting of a large, open-air enclosure abutting a small patch of forest surrounded by an open area in the process of restoration, all of which is protected by electric fencing. The entire area within the fencing is called Muriqui House. The two Ibitipoca males and two solitary, wild females from another location were captured and released into the enclosed part of Muriqui House between March 2019 and January 2020 and into the forested part of Muriqui House in February 2020. The birth of an infant in this group in November 2020 and the acceptance by the group of a third female translocated from another area in January 2021 demonstrate the potential of this approach for the recovery of this isolated population, with positive implications for the conservation of the species.
A multi-scale, multivariate habitat selection model demonstrates high potential for the reintroduction of the clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa to Taiwan
Authors: Wang Yifeng , Kaszta Żaneta , Cushman Samuel A , Chiang Po-Jen , Macdonald David W , Hearn Andrew J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Hunting, habitat loss and fragmentation have caused a rapid decline in the distribution and abundance of the clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa across its range, and in several areas, including Taiwan, the species is now extirpated. Taiwan, a former stronghold for the species, is a candidate for its reintroduction, based on increasing prey abundance and high forest coverage. Such future reintroduction efforts, however, are hampered by a lack of analysis of potential clouded leopard habitat on the island. To address this, we explore habitat suitability for the species in Taiwan. We used a multi-scale, multivariate habitat selection model based on clouded leopard presence–absence data from extensive camera-trap surveys across its current range to predict suitable habitat in Taiwan. Our findings indicate that 38% of Taiwanese territory is potentially suitable habitat for the clouded leopard, of which 46% is under protection. This demonstrates the high potential of Taiwan's habitat for clouded leopard reintroduction.
Long term mortality trends in people with severe mental illnesses and how COVID-19, ethnicity and other chronic mental health comorbidities contributed: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Das-Munshi Jayati , Bakolis Ioannis , Bécares Laia , Dasch Hannah K. , Dyer Jacqui , Hotopf Matthew , Hildersley Rosie , Ocloo Josephine , Stewart Robert , Stuart Ruth , Dregan Alex 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundPeople with schizophrenia-spectrum and bipolar disorders (severe mental illnesses; ‘SMI’) experience excess mortality. Our aim was to explore longer-term trends in mortality, including the COVID-19 pandemic period, with a focus on additional vulnerabilities (psychiatric comorbidities and race/ ethnicity) in SMI.MethodsRetrospective cohort study using electronic health records from secondary mental healthcare, covering a UK region of 1.3 million people. Mortality trends spanning fourteen years, including the COVID-19 pandemic, were assessed in adults with clinician-ascribed ICD-10 diagnoses for schizophrenia-spectrum and bipolar disorders.ResultsThe sample comprised 22 361 people with SMI with median follow-up of 10.6 years. Standardized mortality ratios were more than double the population average pre-pandemic, increasing further during the pandemic, particularly in those with SMI and psychiatric comorbidities. Mortality risk increased steadily among people with SMI and comorbid depression, dementia, substance use disorders and anxiety over 13-years, increasing further during the pandemic. COVID-19 mortality was elevated in people with SMI and comorbid depression (sub-Hazard Ratio: 1.48 [95% CI 1.03–2.13]), dementia (sHR:1.96, 1.26–3.04) and learning disabilities (sHR:2.30, 1.30–4.06), compared to people with only SMI. COVID-19 mortality risk was similar for minority ethnic groups and White British people with SMI. Elevated all-cause mortality was evident in Black Caribbean (adjusted Rate Ratio: 1.40, 1.11–1.77) and Black African people with SMI (aRR: 1.59, 1.07–2.37) during the pandemic relative to earlier years.ConclusionsMortality has increased over time in people with SMI. The pandemic exacerbated pre-existing trends. Actionable solutions are needed which address wider social determinants and address disease silos.
ERP neural correlates of the interpreter advantage in coordination for interpreting students
Authors: Zhong Fei , Dong Yanping 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe task of interpreting requires managing multiple tasks simultaneously, but how this practice of multitasking may contribute to the nonverbal domain of executive functioning has been explored in only a few studies, and little is known about the Event-related Potentials (ERP) neural correlates of this potential advantage. To fill this gap, we conducted an ERP study asking consecutive interpreting students and bilingual controls to perform a psychological refractory period (PRP) dual-task, comprising an auditory (Task 1) and a visual (Task 2) discrimination task. They were performed separately or together, the performance differences between which, i.e., dual-task costs, served as indices of coordination. Smaller costs for interpreting students in either or both tasks are considered an interpreter advantage in coordination, and those confined to Task 2 further indicate an advantage in bottleneck switching. The latter was exactly observed in stimulus-locked lateralized readiness potential (LRP) onset latency, suggesting such an advantage was probably due to efficient switching from the response selection of one task to that of the other at the bottleneck stage of dual-task processing. Smaller dual-task costs of stimulus-locked LRP onset latency thus constitute the neural correlates of the interpreter advantage in coordination.
A novel mobile robot with origami wheels designed for navigating sandy terrains
Authors: Hu Junfeng , Shu Shen , Han Weitao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSand robots play a vital role as mobile tools for human exploration of desert regions, facilitating resource transportation and exploration. However, desert areas primarily consist of beaches or dunes, resulting in a highly diverse and complex terrain environment that demands enhanced adaptability from sandy mobile robots. Traditional wheeled robots currently face challenges such as skidding, limited climbing ability, and inadequate obstacle avoidance capabilities in sandy environments. To address these issues and enable effective adaptation to the intricate sand environment, we propose a novel sandy mobile robot equipped with Kresling origami wheels. The origami wheel can dynamically adjust its width and morphology through Kresling origami folding. Experimental tests were conducted to illustrate the impact of width variation on the robot’s mobility velocity, propulsive force, climbing performance, and carrying capacity. The self-folding malleability of the origami wheel empowers the robot to efficiently accomplish diverse tasks, including swift movement on flat sand surfaces, seamless crossing of narrow channels, and intelligent obstacle avoidance. By successfully completing these multimodal tasks while adapting to varying requirements, our robot demonstrates promising prospects for practical applications of mobile robots equipped with origami wheels – paving the way for wider adaptation and utilization of sand mobile robots.
A study of the Ganea conjecture for topological complexity by using weak topological complexity
Authors: GARCIA-CALCINES J. M. , VANDEMBROUCQ L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we provide sufficient conditions for a space X to satisfy the Ganea conjecture for topological complexity. To achieve this, we employ two auxiliary invariants: weak topological complexity in the sense of Berstein–Hilton, along with a certain stable version of it. Several examples are discussed.
Discrepancy bounds for the distribution of L-functions near the critical line
Authors: LEE YOONBOK 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe investigate the joint distribution of L-functions on the line
$ \sigma= {1}/{2} + {1}/{G(T)}$
and
$ t \in [ T, 2T]$
, where
$ \log \log T \leq G(T) \leq { \log T}/{ ( \log \log T)^2 } $
. We obtain an upper bound on the discrepancy between the joint distribution of L-functions and that of their random models. As an application we prove an asymptotic expansion of a multi-dimensional version of Selberg’s central limit theorem for L-functions on
$ \sigma= 1/2 + 1/{G(T)}$
and
$ t \in [ T, 2T]$
, where
$ ( \log T)^\varepsilon \leq G(T) \leq { \log T}/{ ( \log \log T)^{2+\varepsilon } } $
for
$ \varepsilon > 0$
.