bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Vif domains that mediate Feline Immunodeficiency Virus antagonism of APOBEC3-H and APOBEC3-CH restriction
Authors: Sims Olivia L. , Maynard Ernest L. , Poeschla Eric M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractFeline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) Vif mediates degradation of two anti-lentiviral feline APOBEC3 (fA3) proteins, fA3Z3 and fA3Z2bZ3. HIV-1 Vif targets the restriction factor human APOBEC3G (A3G, hA3Z2g-Z1c) for proteasome degradation to mediate viral evasion. Despite this similarity, FIV and HIV-1 Vif share limited homology. Vif binds hA3Z2g-Z1c through its N-terminal region, while its C-terminal region binds to an E3-ligase complex containing Cullin5 and Elongin B/C. Further, HIV-1 Vif contains critical domains in its C-terminus, including an adjacent BC box, the only shared domain between FIV and HIV-1 Vif, and a non-classical zinc finger (HCCH) domain. Felid lentivirus Vif, however, contains a highly conserved KCCC motif. While both Vifs have evolved to counteract select A3 antiretroviral proteins, the FIV Vif domains necessary to target fA3s for degradation are incompletely understood. To identify these domains, we used the well-characterized HIV-1 Vif domains to show that distinct mutations within the BC box of FIV Vif prevent fA3Z3 and fA3Z2bZ3 degradation and reduce virion infectivity. We also found that mutating any single residue in the KCCC motif blocked fA3 targeting and impaired FIV infectivity and replication. These mutations also failed to disrupt the FIV Vif and Cullin5 interaction. Further, we showed that, in contrast to the HCCH domain in HIV-1 Vif, the KCCC domain of FIV Vif does not bind zinc. However, unlike HIV-1 Vif, FIV Vif (C36 isolate) reduces intracellular levels of co-expressed Cullin5 proteins, a novel finding. Our results reveal important C-terminal residues in FIV Vif and show that the BC box and KCCC regions are critical for fA3 degradation, infectivity, and spreading replication.
Consumption strategies and motivations of Chinese consumers
Authors: Henninger Claudia Elisabeth , Alevizou Panayiota J. , Tan JiaoLin , Huang Qiwen , Ryding Daniella 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore Chinese consumers’ motivations to purchase luxury fashion products in the UK and how far sustainability plays a role in the decision-making process, by extending the consumer typology of translators, exceptors, selectors. The authors further add an additional dimension to defining “luxury”.

Design/methodology/approach
An exploratory design utilising multiple qualitative research tools (semi-structured interviews, focus groups) provides the basis for this research. A grounded analysis was applied.

Findings
Findings map motivational drivers to purchasing luxury products and establish a fourth consumer type “indulgers”. Well-being further emerged as a key characteristic that defines “luxury”.

Research limitations/implications
The sample size is limited to Chinese consumers purchasing luxury fashion in the UK, and thus may not be generalised.

Practical implications
This research helps managers to understand the consumer types and underlying motivations of Chinese consumers purchasing luxury fashion in the UK. As one of the largest target groups, this research informs managers on how to further capitalise on this market.

Originality/value
This paper creates a new consumer typology that not only categorises consumers according to their consumption aspects, but further identifies their underlying motivations to do so.
Key drivers of an agile, collaborative fast fashion supply chain
Authors: Moon Ka-Leung Karen , Lee Ji-yeon , Lai Sze-yeung Charlotte 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the market structure and the key drivers of the competitiveness of an agile and collaborative fast fashion supply chain using South Korea’s Dongdaemun fashion market – one of the world’s largest and most competitive fashion hubs – as an example.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative approach is employed with a two-stage study. The first stage is a preliminary study based on a desk research and several field visits, while the second is an in-depth interview study with seven informants collectively representative of the members of all echelons along a fashion supply chain.

Findings
The findings demonstrate that the Dongdaemun fashion market has a complex market structure and a unique business pattern. Supply chain agility and collaboration are two important components of its success, which are supported by five factors: self-sufficient structure, multiple-integrated network, strong entrepreneurship, close and long-lasting buyer-seller relationships, and quick-response product delivery and inventory replenishment.

Originality/value
This study extends our knowledge of supply chain management in the fast fashion industry and provides insights to assist in the development of supply chain strategies in other fashion markets and/or other industries. The extended conceptual framework as well as the proposed questions may serve as points of reference for future studies in the subject area.
Re-visiting an old topic with a new approach: the case of ethical clothing
Authors: Magnuson Bryce , Reimers Vaughan , Chao Fred 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
A recent study by Reimers et al. (2016) suggests that the attitude-behaviour gap, as it applies to ethical clothing, may be due to academics having defined it differently to the way that consumers do. The purpose of this paper is to serve as a direct follow-up to that study by employing their consumer-based definition in order to help identify the clothing attributes that influence the purchase of ethical clothing.

Design/methodology/approach
A consumer household sample in combination with a quantitative survey approach was used to collect the data, while structural equation modelling was used to analyse it.

Findings
In spite of the ethical clothing context, only two of the four ethical clothing dimensions were found to influence consumer attitudes. In contrast, all three conventional dimensions were found to be significant.

Originality/value
Ethical clothing has typically been operationalised using just two of these four dimensions. Ironically, one of the two dimensions often overlooked by academics, slow fashion, had one of the strongest influences on consumer attitudes. In addition, the cost of buying ethical clothing has often been defined in unidimensional terms; typically price. This study adopted a broader conceptualisation, defining it in terms of price, time and effort, and found it to serve as a salient influence over consumers’ attitudes to ethical clothing.
All spending is not equal: European Union public spending, policy feedback and citizens’ support for the EU
Authors: DELLMUTH LISA M. , CHALMERS ADAM W. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWhile public support is central to the problem‐solving capacity of the European Union, we know little about when and why the EU can increase its citizens’ support through spending. Extensive research finds that citizens living in countries that are net beneficiaries of the EU budget are more supportive of the EU, assuming that citizens care equally about all forms of spending. It is argued in this article, however, that the amount of spending is only part of the story. Understanding the effects of spending on support requires a consideration of how transfers are spent. Drawing on policy feedback theories in comparative politics, it is shown that support for the EU is a function of the fit between the spending area and economic need in individuals’ immediate living context. Results from a statistical analysis of EU spending on human capital, infrastructure, agriculture, energy and environmental protection in 127 EU regions over the period 2001–2011 corroborate this argument. As the EU and other international organisations become increasingly publicly contested, the organisations themselves may increasingly try to shore up public support through spending, but they will only be successful under specific conditions.
Identification of Free Radical Scavengers from Brazilian Green Propolis Using Off‐Line HPLC‐DPPH Assay and LC‐MS
Authors: Zhang Cuiping , Shen Xiaoge , Chen Jiawei , Jiang Xiasen , Hu FuLiang 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBrazilian green propolis is known as an appreciable natural antioxidant with abundant polyphenolic compounds. For quality control, a fingerprint‐efficacy study of Brazilian green propolis was carried out in this work. Chemical fingerprints of Brazilian green propolis from 22 different sources were determined by HPLC and investigated by similarity analysis. The fingerprint‐efficacy relationships between chemical fingerprint and DPPH radical‐scavenging activity were established. The results showed that 14 characteristic common peaks were identified, and 9 compounds were discovered with free radical‐scavenging activities. Caffeoylquinic acids and artepillin C might be the major effective components for quality control of Brazilian green propolis due to their specificity and strong antioxidant activity. This study provides new markers for the quality assessment of Brazilian green propolis and its derived products.
“Where every breeze speaks of courage and liberty”: Offshore Humanism and Marine Xenology, or, Racism and the Problem of Critique at Sea Level
Authors: Gilroy Paul 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe 2015 Antipode RGS‐IBG Lecture was delivered by Prof. Paul Gilroy on 2 September at the Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers) Annual International Conference. Prof. Gilroy's lecture interrogates the contemporary attractions of post‐humanism and asks questions about what a “reparative humanism” might alternatively entail. He uses a brief engagement with the conference theme—“geographies of the Anthropocene”—to frame his remarks and try to explain why antiracist politics and ethics not only require consideration of nature and time but also promote a timely obligation to roam into humanism's forbidden zones.
Providing teachers with education on epilepsy increased their willingness to handle acute seizures in children from one to 10 years of age
Authors: Dumeier Henriette Karoline , Neininger Martina Patrizia , Bernhard Matthias Karl , Merkenschlager Andreas , Kiess Wieland , Bertsche Thilo , Bertsche Astrid 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAimIn Germany, preschool teachers supervise children up to six years of age and are also responsible for supervising older pupils after school. This study explored the impact of a teaching session on epilepsy for teachers in charge of children from 1 to 10 years of age.MethodsWe evaluated the benefit of a teaching session offered to all preschool teachers in Leipzig, Germany, in 2014–2015, by asking them to complete the same questionnaire 12–24 months pre‐intervention, and 12 months postintervention.ResultsBoth questionnaires were completed by 123 teachers. The number of teachers who felt they were prepared to handle an acute seizure rose from 36 (29%) pre‐intervention to 65 (53%) post‐intervention (p < 0.001) and their willingness to administer a prescribed rescue medication rose from 66 (54%) to 93 (76%, p < 0.001). The session also increased the number of teachers who were prepared to take children with epilepsy on excursions under any circumstance from 38 (31%) to 52 (42%, p < 0.05). In addition, the number of teachers who would place a solid object in the child's mouth during an attack fell from 16 (13%) to seven (6%) (p < 0.05).ConclusionProviding a teaching session on epilepsy increased the teachers’ knowledge and willingness to act and reduced obsolete, counterproductive measures.
Curcumin Ameliorates Kidney Function and Oxidative Stress in Experimental Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Ali Badreldin H. , Al‐Salam Suhail , Al Suleimani Yousuf , Al Kalbani Jamila , Al Bahlani Shadia , Ashique Mohammed , Manoj Priyadarsini , Al Dhahli Buthaina , Al Abri Nadia , Naser Heba T. , Yasin Javed , Nemmar Abderrahim , Al Za'abi Mohammed , Hartmann Christina , Schupp Nicole 
Published: May 2017

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) is known to involve inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Here, we investigated the impact of curcumin (diferuloyl methane, a phenolic turmeric pigment), which has strong antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and anti‐apoptotic activities on kidney structure and function in rats with adenine‐induced CKD. Rats were treated for 5 weeks with adenine to induce CKD‐like renal damage and combined with three doses of curcumin. Markers of kidney function and oxidative stress were quantified in plasma, urine, renal homogenates and on kidney tissue. Curcumin was found to significantly abate adenine‐induced toxic effects such as reduced creatinine clearance, elevated neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin levels and raised urinary N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminidase activities. Curcumin markedly reduced renal morphological damage and histopathological markers of inflammation, fibrosis and apoptosis. Curcumin further reduced adenine‐induced hypertension, urinary albumin, the inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β, IL‐6 and TNF‐α, cystatin C and adiponectin. It restored plasma sclerostin concentrations and lowered oxidative stress in renal homogenates. In animals treated with the two higher curcumin concentrations, alone or in combination with adenine, an increased expression of the antioxidative transcription factor Nrf2 was found as well as up‐regulation of the activity of its direct target glutathione reductase, and of an indirect target, the glutathione level. In conclusion, curcumin exhibits salutary effects against adenine‐induced CKD in rats by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress via up‐regulation of the transcription factor Nrf2.
Factors associated with future intentions to use personal vaporisers among those with some experience of vaping
Authors: Ma Bernice Hua , Yong Hua‐Hie , Borland Ron , McNeill Ann , Hitchman Sara C. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIntroduction and Aims. Personal vaporisers (PV), including e‐cigarettes, may be a harm reduction strategy for tobacco control. This study aims to identify factors associated with future intentions to vape among smokers and ex‐smokers in Australia and the UK. Design and Methods. Cross‐sectional data of smokers and ex‐smokers (n = 1199, mean age = 45.3 years, 44.8% male), collected in 2014/2015 and divided into four subgroups: smoking past vapers (SPV), smoking vapers (SV), ex‐smoking past vapers (ESPV) and ex‐smoking vapers (ESV), from the International Tobacco Control Australia and UK surveys were analysed by using regression models. Results. Higher vaping satisfaction increased vaping intentions for all groups except ESPV. Perceiving PVs as less harmful predicted intentions to vape for all groups except ESV. The importance of PVs for stopping smoking predicted lower intentions to continue vaping for SV, but higher intentions to initiate vaping for SPV. The importance of PVs for cutting down smoking was a positive predictor only for SPV. Among ex‐smokers, importance for maintaining not smoking was a positive predictor for ESPV, but not for ESV. The importance of perceiving vapour being less harmful also depended on vaping status for ex‐smokers. The only country interaction was that only in the UK was perceiving PVs as less harmful associated with intention among SPV. Discussion and Conclusion. Factors influencing intentions vary by smoking and/or vaping status, with greater differences between the ex‐smoker subgroups. This is consistent with PVs being seen as a way of managing smoking, rather than something that has intrinsic value, for all except the ex‐smoking vapers. [Ma BH, Yong H‐H, Borland R, McNeill A, Hitchman SC. Factors associated with future intentions to use personal vaporisers among those with some experience of vaping. Drug Alcohol Rev 2017;00:000–000]
Big thrombus “sitting” in an atrial septal aneurysm
Authors: Adauy Julián Vega , Gabrielli Luigi , Córdova Samuel , Saavedra Rodrigo , McNab Paul 
Published: May 2017

A 79 year‐old‐man presented three episodes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and weight loss. Endoscopy revealed bleeding and extrinsic compression at the pyloric region. Computed tomography scan showed a pancreatic tumor, peritoneal carcinomatosis, vascular infiltration, and incidentally found a partially calcified hypodense lesion of 35 mm in the left atrium, suggesting a myxoma or a thrombus. Echocardiography revealed moderate left atrium enlargement, dilated left atrial appendage with spontaneous echo contrast, moderate dilatation and dysfunction of the left ventricle, ejection fraction was 39%, and an atrial septal aneurysm in which a piriform, mass of 35×33×25 mm, was “sitting,” suggesting an organized thrombus.
Blood pressure management and guideline adherence in hypertensive emergencies and urgencies: A comparison between telemedically supported and conventional out‐of‐hospital care
Authors: Brokmann Jörg C. , Rossaint Rolf , Müller Michael , Fitzner Christina , Villa Luigi , Beckers Stefan K. , Bergrath Sebastian 
Published: May 2017

Prehospital hypertensive emergencies and urgencies are common, but evidence is lacking. Telemedically supported hypertensive emergencies and urgencies were prospectively collected (April 2014–March 2015) and compared retrospectively with a historical control group of on‐scene physician care in the emergency medical service of Aachen, Germany. Blood pressure management and guideline adherence were evaluated. Telemedical (n=159) vs conventional (n=172) cases: blood pressure reductions of 35±24 mm Hg vs 44±23 mm Hg revealed a group effect adjusted for baseline differences (P=.0006). Blood pressure management in categories: no reduction 6 vs 0 (P=.0121); reduction ≤25% (recommended range) 113 vs 110 patients (P=.2356); reduction >25% to 30% 13 vs 29 (0.020); reduction >30% 12 vs 16 patients (P=.5608). The telemedical approach led to less pronounced blood pressure reductions and a tendency to improved guideline adherence. Telemedically guided antihypertensive care may be an alternative to conventional care especially for potentially underserved areas.
Oncostatin M induces RIG‐I and MDA5 expression and enhances the double‐stranded RNA response in fibroblasts
Authors: Hergovits Sabine , Mais Christine , Haan Claude , Costa‐Pereira Ana P. , Hermanns Heike M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractInterleukin (IL)‐6‐type cytokines have no direct antiviral activity; nevertheless, they display immune‐modulatory functions. Oncostatin M (OSM), a member of theIL‐6 family, has recently been shown to induce a distinct number of classical interferon stimulated genes (ISG). Most of them are involved in antigen processing and presentation. However, induction of retinoic acid‐inducible gene (RIG)‐I‐like receptors (RLR) has not been investigated. Here we report thatOSMhas the capability to induce the expression of theDExD/H‐BoxRNAhelicasesRIG‐I and melanoma differentiation antigen 5 (MDA5) as well as of the transcription factors interferon regulatory factor (IRF)1,IRF7 andIRF9 in primary fibroblasts. Induction of the helicases depends on tyrosine as well as serine phosphorylation ofSTAT1. Moreover, we could show that theOSM‐inducedSTAT1 phosphorylation is predominantly counter‐regulated by a strongSTAT3‐dependentSOCS3 induction, asStat3as well asSocs3knock‐down results in an enhanced and prolonged helicase andIRFexpression. Other factors involved in regulation ofSTAT1 orIRF1 activity, like protein tyrosine phosphatase, non‐receptor type 2 (PTPN2), promyelocytic leukaemia protein (PML) or small ubiquitin‐related modifier 1 (SUMO1), play a minor role inOSM‐mediated induction ofRLR. Remarkably,OSMand interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) synergize to mediate transcription ofRLRand pre‐treatment of fibroblasts withOSMfosters the type I interferon production in response to a subsequent encounter with double‐strandedRNA. Together, these findings suggest that theOSM‐inducedJAK/STAT1 signalling is implicated in virus protection of non‐professional immune cells and may cooperate with interferons to enhanceRLRexpression in these cells.
Differences in Lip Support with and without Labial Flanges in a Maxillary Edentulous Population. Part 1: Objective Analysis
Authors: Bidra Avinash S. , Zapata Guillermo , Agar John R. , Taylor Thomas D. , Grady James 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPurposeTo study the objective differences in lip support using common facial soft tissue markers, when evaluating patients wearing a maxillary denture with a labial flange in comparison to an experimental flangeless denture.Materials and MethodsA total of 31 maxillary edentulous patients who were esthetically satisfied with their existing maxillary denture were recruited in this clinical study. The maxillary denture was then duplicated in clear acrylic resin. Two standardized full‐face digital photographs (frontal and profile) were made with the duplicate denture in the mouth. The labial flange of the duplicate denture was then removed from first premolar to first premolar region, to create the experimental flangeless denture. It was returned to the oral cavity, and 2 additional full‐face digital photographs were made. The differences between these images were studied using 5 facial anatomic markers (subnasale, labrale superior, stomion, nasolabial angle, lip thickness). A paired sample t‐test was used to compare differences in measurements for various anatomic markers using an alpha value of 0.05.ResultsFor profile images, there were no statistically significant differences between photographs with and without a labial flange for anatomic markers‐ labrale superior and stomion (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference for subnasale as well as the nasolabial angle but the magnitude of the difference was too small to be clinically significant (p < 0.05). For frontal images, there was no statistically significant difference in lip thickness between photographs with and without a labial flange. Additionally, there was no association between differences in measurements and patient‐related factors such as gender and prior years of edentulism.ConclusionsRemoval of a labial flange in a maxillary denture resulted in minimal and clinically insignificant anatomic differences in lip support between flange and flangeless dentures, when analyzed in frontal and profile images.