bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deferasirox, an iron chelator, impacts myeloid differentiation by modulating NF‐kB activity via mitochondrial ROS
Authors: Jeffries Nathan E. , Sadreyev Daniel , Trull Elizabeth C. , Chetal Kashish , Yvanovich Emma E. , Mansour Michael K. , Sadreyev Ruslan I. , Sykes David B. 
Published: September 2024

SummaryThe iron chelator deferasirox (DFX) is effective in the treatment of iron overload. In certain patients with myelodysplastic syndrome, DFX can also provide a dramatic therapeutic benefit, improving red blood cell production and decreasing transfusion requirements. Nuclear Factor‐kappa B (NF‐kB) signalling has been implicated as a potential mechanism behind this phenomenon, with studies focusing on the effect of DFX on haematopoietic progenitors. Here, we examine the phenotypic and transcriptional effects of DFX throughout myeloid cell maturation in both murine and human model systems. The effect of DFX depends on the stage of differentiation, with effects on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and NF‐kB pathway regulation that vary between progenitors and neutrophils. DFX triggers a greater increase in mitochondrial ROS production in neutrophils and this phenomenon is mitigated when cells are cultured in hypoxic conditions. Single‐cell transcriptomic profiling revealed that DFX decreases the expression of NF‐kB and MYC (c‐Myc) targets in progenitors and decreases the expression of PU.1 (SPI1) gene targets in neutrophils. Together, these data suggest a role of DFX in impairing terminal maturation of band neutrophils.
Real‐world use of venetoclax in the treatment of paediatric and teenage/young adult haematological malignancies
Authors: Wilson Abbie , Moussa Ahmed , Trinquand Amélie , Malone Andrea , Tewari Sanjay , Calvert Richard , Patrick Katharine , Nicholson Emma , Smith Katy , Grandage Victoria , Baird Susan , George Lindsay , Qureshi Amrana , Borg Albert , Gibson Brenda , Patel Pritesh , Bartram Jack , Samrin Lamia , O'Connor David 
Published: September 2024

SummaryEarly‐phase trials of venetoclax in children and teenagers/young adults with leukaemia have yielded promising results, but there remains a paucity of real‐world data. To address this, we report a cohort of 41 children treated with venetoclax for a range of haematological malignancies, demonstrating complete remission in 43.6%, with most achieving minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity. Venetoclax was particularly effective as a bridge to transplant, with bridging successful in 75% of patients. Patients with MRD <1% at initiation of venetoclax were more likely to achieve MRD negativity (81.8% vs. 34.5%, p = 0.007) and had improved overall survival (54.5% vs. 17.9%, p = 0.004).
Apoptosis and platelet biogenesis: A new piece of information on a debated topic
Authors: Zaninetti Carlo , Greinacher Andreas 
Published: September 2024

Thrombocytopenia 4 (THC4) is an extremely rare form of inherited thrombocytopenia caused by mutations in the gene encoding cytochrome c (CYCS). The mechanism leading to reduced blood platelets remains unclear, although an unrestrained megakaryocyte apoptosis as a consequence of CYCS alterations has been proposed. The report of a TCH4 family with a novel CYCS variant unravels clues on the pathogenesis of this disorder and spotlights back on the still‐discussed role of apoptosis in human platelet and megakaryocyte physiology.Commentary on: Štika et al. A novel thrombocytopenia‐4‐causing CYCS gene variant decreases caspase activity: Three‐generation study. Br J Haematol 2024; 205: 2450‐2458.
Selective killing of castration‐resistant prostate cancer cells by formycin A via the ATF4–CHOP axis
Authors: Takei Tomoki , Hamamura Yuki , Hongo Hiroshi , Tashiro Etsu , Imoto Masaya , Kosaka Takeo , Oya Mototsugu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractProstate cancer is initially androgen‐dependent but often relapses to an androgen‐independent state called castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Currently approved therapies have limited efficacy against CRPC, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies. To address this need, we conducted a drug screen in our previously established aggressive CRPC cell model. We found that formycin A induced cell death in CRPC model cells but not in parental prostate cancer cells. In addition, formycin A upregulated death receptor 5 through the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, activating the “extrinsic” apoptosis pathway in CRPC model cells. Moreover, formycin A showed in vivo antitumor efficacy against CRPC xenografts in castrated nude mice. Thus, our findings highlight the potential of formycin A as a CRPC therapeutic.
Toddlers' visual exploration during decisions predicts uncertainty monitoring 1 year later
Authors: Leckey Sarah , Gonzales Christopher , Selmeczy Diana , Ghetti Simona 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe longitudinal relation between toddlers' behaviors in uncertain situations (e.g., information seeking, hesitation) and preschoolers' uncertainty monitoring was investigated (between 2014 and 2019 in Northern California; Time 1: N = 183, M = 28.99 months, 53% female, 67.8% White; Time 2: N = 159, M = 41.64 months, 52.2% female). Eye movements and response latencies were recorded as children identified a target from two partially occluded (Time 1) or degraded (Time 2) images. Confidence ratings for identifications were collected at Time 2. At Time 1, gaze transitions between response options, but not response latencies and mental state language, predicted Time 2 uncertainty monitoring. Overall, these findings provide the first direct evidence of connections between toddlers' uncertainty behaviors and preschoolers' uncertainty monitoring.
Time Trends, Regional Variation and Associations of Low‐Allergy Formula Prescribing in England
Authors: Li Karen H. T. , Wing Olivia , Allen Hilary I. , Smith Timothy D. H. , Moriarty Frank , Boyle Robert J. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundCow's milk allergy (CMA) overdiagnosis appears to be increasing and is associated with excessive low‐allergy formula prescription. We evaluated recent trends and regional variation in low‐allergy formula prescribing for CMA in England, and assessed potential risk factors for higher prescribing rates.MethodsData on national and regional prescribing of low‐allergy formulas were extracted from England's electronic prescription database using R. Region‐level factors were evaluated for potential associations with regional low‐allergy formula prescription rates using multivariate linear regression. Analysis of national prescribing trends covered 2007–2023, analysis of regional variation and region‐level factors examined 2017–2019, prior to a re‐organisation of the regional healthcare structure in England.ResultsLow‐allergy formula prescribing increased from 6.1 to 23.3 L per birth nationally, between 2007 and 2023. Regional prescribing rate varied from 0.8 to 47.6 L per birth in 2017–2019. We found significant associations between regional low‐allergy formula prescribing rate and regional prescribing rates for milk feed thickeners Gaviscon Infant and Carobel Instant (β = 0.10, p < 0.01), and for other anti‐reflux medications used in young children (β = 0.89 p < 0.01). Inconsistent associations were seen with prescribing junior adrenaline auto‐injectors and oral antibiotics. A model including these four variables accounted for 37% of regional variation in low‐allergy formula prescribing rate. Region‐level socio‐economic deprivation, CMA guideline recommendations and paediatric allergy service provision were not associated with low‐allergy formula prescribing.ConclusionsLow‐allergy formula prescribing in England is increasing, varies significantly by region and is consistently associated with prescribing rates for milk feed thickeners and other anti‐reflux medication for young children. Community prescribing behaviours may be important determinants of CMA overdiagnosis.
Investigating the uncertain causal link between gut microbiota and glaucoma: A genetic correlation and Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Li Jiayong , Ma Xin , Zhuo Kaichen , He Yuxian , Lin Mingkai , Wang Wei , Guo Shicheng , Tang Chao , Zhang Xu , Gao Xinbo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundGlaucoma is the most common cause of irreversible blindness, and gut microbiota (GM) is associated with glaucoma. Whether this association represents a causal role remains unknown. This study aims to assess the potential association and causal link between GM and various forms of glaucoma, emphasising the need for cautious interpretation of the strength of these associations.MethodsEmploying a two‐sample bidirectional Mendelian randomisation (MR) framework with false discovery rate correction and various sensitivity analyses, supplemented by genetic correlation analysis via linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and colocalisation for European summary‐level data between MiBioGen consortium and FinnGen Study, we sought to explore the relationship between GM and glaucoma.ResultsWhile certain microbial taxa showed potential associations with glaucoma subtypes (e.g., Erysipelotrichaceae with primary angle closure glaucoma, Senegalimassilia with exfoliation glaucoma), the overall findings suggest a complex and not definitively causal relationship between GM and glaucoma. Notably, reverse MR analysis did not establish a significant causal effect of glaucoma on GM composition, and no consistent genetic correlations were observed between GM and glaucoma.ConclusionsWhile our study provides some evidence of associations between specific GM taxa and glaucoma, the results underscore the complexity of these relationships and the need for further research to clarify the potential causal links. The findings highlight the importance of interpreting the gut‐eye axis with caution and suggest that while GM may play a role in glaucoma, it is unlikely to be a predominant causal factor.
Does alveolar ridge preservation reduce the need for sinus floor elevation: A comparative study to spontaneous healing
Authors: Khoury Elias Jean‐Jacques , Sagheb Keyvan , Al‐Nawas Bilal , König Jochem , Schiegnitz Eik 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionIn cases of atrophy in the maxillary posterior region, characterized by reduced vertical bone volume, implant placement becomes challenging. Augmentation procedures like sinus lifts are often needed to address insufficient bone volume. This study aims to explore if alveolar ridge preservation, using a bovine bone substitute and a porcine collagen membrane, significantly decreases the need for sinus lifts compared to natural wound healing after tooth extraction.Materials and methodsIn this comparative clinical study, 40 patients requiring a total of 53 extractions were assigned to one of the following groups: a test group with bovine bone substitute material (Straumann® XenoFlex) and a porcine collagen membrane (Jason® membrane), or a control group with spontaneous socket healing. After 6 months, digital volume tomography was performed for implant planning.ResultsFor seven patients from the control group (n = 22 extracted sites) sinus lift augmentations were performed while only four sinus lift procedures were performed in the test group (n = 31 extracted sites), indicating a higher need for sinus augmentation procedures in the control group, however not statistically different on a p value of 0.05 (p = 0.168). In the control group, the mean value of the radiographically measured bone height (mesial and distal) was 11.13 ± 2.12 mm preoperatively before tooth extraction, while it was 11.3 ± 2.17 mm postoperatively after implant placement. In contrast, the mean value in the test group was 11.78 ± 3.09 mm preoperatively and 11.92 ± 2.79 mm postoperatively. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference between the two groups (odds ratio 0.32; 95% CI: 0.08, 1.26; p = 0.951). The implant survival rate in the control group was 100%, compared to 96.77% in the test group.ConclusionWithin the limits of this study, the use of bovine bone substitute and a porcine resorbable membrane after tooth extraction in the posterior maxilla seems to reduce the need for sinus augmentation in comparison to spontaneous healing although the difference was not statistically significant. Additionally, the Alveolar Ridge Preservation in the test group made external sinus floor elevation unnecessary compared to the control group. The change in radiographically measured bone height pre‐ and postoperatively showed no significant difference between the two groups.
Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Different Guided Technologies Combined With Ultrathin Bronchoscopic Biopsy for Peripheral Pulmonary Lesions
Authors: Zhang Zhihan , Zhang Junbao , Chen Xi , Yan Junfeng , Zeng Cao , Xu Ping 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionVarious bronchoscopic guidance techniques have emerged to improve the diagnostic yield of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs), especially when combined with ultra‐thin bronchoscopy. However, uncertainties exists in the convenience, accuracy rate, and complications of these techniques. We compared the feasibility, accuracy rate, and complication rates of transbronchial biopsy of PPLs sampled by the standard thin‐layer CT navigation combined with ultrathin bronchoscopy (CTNUTB), the Lungpro virtual navigation combined with ultrathin bronchoscopy (VNUTB), and electromagnetic navigation combined with ultrathin bronchoscopy (ENUTB).MethodsRetrospectively identified were 256 patients sampled with transbronchial biopsy of PPLs. Eligible patients referred for CTNUTB, VNUTB, and ENUTB from January 2017 to December 2021 were included. We comprehensively compared the accuracy rate, feasibility, and complication rates for each method.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the accuracy rate of CTNUTB, VNUTB, and ENUTB (p = 0.293). The operation time via Lungpro navigation was the shortest (14.4 min, p < 0.001). The planning time via CT planning was the shortest (7.36 min, p < 0.001). There was no difference in the incidence of complications such as hemorrhage, pneumonia, and pneumothorax (p = 0.123). Besides, ENUTB costs more than $2000, while CTNUTB and VNUTB cost only about $130–230.ConclusionCTNUTB is still the main bronchoscopy method we recommended, which has low cost, simple operation, and safety no less than the others. In contrast, ENUTB provides a higher accuracy rate for small diameter nodules (less than 2 cm), which has a high use value and is worth promoting in the future.
Relationship between migraine and epilepsy in a large population‐based cohort: The HUNT Study
Authors: Engstrand Helene , Revdal Eline , Argren Maria Bengtson , Hagen Knut , Zwart John‐Anker , Brodtkorb Eylert , Winsvold Bendik Slagsvold 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeSeveral studies have reported substantial comorbidity between epilepsy and migraine. Most of these were based on clinical cohorts or used unvalidated diagnostic instruments. Our study re‐examined this association in a large general population cohort using validated diagnoses for both disorders.MethodsA total of 65,407 participants (≥20 years old) from HUNT (the Trøndelag Health Study) were classified for migraine and nonmigraine headache using a validated questionnaire. Medical record review was used to validate and classify epilepsy in 364 participants (cases), who were compared with 63,298 participants without epilepsy (controls). The association between epilepsy and migraine was analysed using logistic regression adjusted for sex and age.ResultsPatients with epilepsy had no increased prevalence of migraine (odds ratio [OR] = 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.68–1.33) or nonmigraine headache (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 0.93–1.50) compared to controls. When stratified by headache frequency, epilepsy was associated with a higher prevalence of migraine with highly frequent headache (≥7 days/month; OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.08–2.78).ConclusionsMigraine was equally common in people with and without epilepsy. Patients with epilepsy who suffered from migraine were more prone to having highly frequent migraine.
Knowledge and Practices of Helicobacter pylori Infection Management Among Physicians in Gansu Province, China: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Liu Na , Luo Qian , Gou Lingzhu , Shen Xiping , Zhang Dekui 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsPhysicians' knowledge and practices regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and follow‐up of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection can impact the effectiveness of eradication therapy. This study aimed to investigate the current state of knowledge and practices concerning H. pylori infection management among physicians in Gansu Province, northwest China.Materials and MethodsFrom October to November 2023, 557 physicians from 14 cities and prefectures in Gansu Province participated in this multicenter cross‐sectional study and completed a survey questionnaire.ResultsA total of 519 valid questionnaires were collected. 43.2% of the physicians supported H. pylori screening for high‐risk populations or individuals with H. pylori–related diseases. The awareness of target screening populations varied among these physicians, ranging from 69.6% to 98.2%. Most physicians preferred the urea breath test (UBT) as the method for diagnosing H. pylori infection (98.3%) and for follow‐up after eradication therapy (98.5%). 89.6% of the physicians preferred bismuth‐containing quadruple therapy for initial eradication, with amoxicillin and clarithromycin being the most commonly used antibiotic combination (56.3%). In addition, 84.6% of the physicians indicated that they would inquire about the antibiotic usage history for most patients before treatment, 93.8% would ask patients about their previous eradication history, and 94.2% would inform patients about treatment‐related considerations. However, only 43.5%, 27.7%, and 29.7% of the physicians were aware of the high resistance rates of H. pylori to clarithromycin, levofloxacin, and metronidazole, respectively, in Gansu Province. Subgroup analysis revealed that the performance of gastroenterologists, nongastroenterologists, and physicians from different levels of hospitals differed in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow‐up of H. pylori infection.ConclusionsKnowledge and practices regarding H. pylori infection management among physicians in Gansu Province, China, need further improvement. Strengthening targeted continuing education to increase the overall management level of H. pylori infection is recommended.
Bi2S3 nanorods supported on eggshell membrane electrodes for supercapacitor applications
Authors: Almutairi Tahani Mazyad , Nisa Mehar Un , Ijaz Sana , Abid Abdul Ghafoor , Shah Syed Imran Abbas , Ehsan Muhammad Fahad 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA simple one‐step hydrothermal process was employed to develop a favorable class of materials toward energy storage devices such as supercapacitors. The electrode material was characterized using state‐of‐the‐art techniques, along with electrochemical parameters, including galvanostatic charge–discharge, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry, toward investigate energy storage behaviors, such as specific capacitance (Csp), power density, and energy density. Scalable Bi2S3 nanorods deposited on eggshell membrane electrodes (ESMEs) exhibit a much greater Csp of 580.61 F/g on 1 A/g. Calculated energy densities are 29.3, 22.7, 18.8, and 15.0 W h/kg, whereas the power densities are 263.1, 349.3, 663.1, and 870.0 W/kg at 1, 2, 5, and with 10 A/g, respectively. These impressive conclusions are attributed to the enhanced electroactive surface area of Bi2S3/ESME (625 cm2). The unique structure of these materials, featuring a substantial surface area (78.3 cm2/g), contributes to this enhanced performance. The findings of this study could inform new strategies for boosting the performance of future applications.
Variation in phrase frame structure and function in argumentative writing by EFL learners across different L1 backgrounds
Authors: Song Yingming , Xu Jiajin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWithin the context of multilingualism, there has been burgeoning research interest in interlanguage varieties. This corpus‐based study investigated structural and functional variations in phrase frames (p‐frames) in argumentative writing by English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners from Arabic, German, Hindi, and Chinese language backgrounds. P‐frames, recurrent non‐contiguous co‐selection units within texts, were automatically extracted, manually filtered, and analyzed for variability, predictability, and discourse function. The results revealed learners’ shared reliance on prompt‐related p‐frames as well as potential L1 influence on specific p‐frames. German learners displayed the lowest degree of flexibility and creativity, while Hindi learners exhibited the highest. Chinese and Arabic learners demonstrated moderate levels, falling between the two extremes. Statistically significant differences in p‐frame tokens across functional categories were observed in all groups. This study contributes to a nuanced understanding of phraseological competence in EFL learners from different L1 backgrounds and holds pedagogical implications for the globalized educational landscape.
Becoming an inadvertent home care user: The transition for cohabitating partners
Authors: Harnett Tove , Jönson Håkan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe aim of the study is to gain knowledge about the transition to living with formal home care for cohabiting partners. Data consist of 14 interviews with partners aged 64–85, most with extensive experience of home care. Grounded in a life course perspective, the study identified the key factors in the process of becoming an ‘inadvertent care user’, and two modes for that transition: (1) adaptions and negotiations that involve adjustments shaped by institutional regulations; (2) new roles and positions, where partners acted as guardians or mediators, but also developed new friendships. The introduction of home care often brought partners a sense of relief. While many adjustments were seen as necessary compromises, the unpredictable nature of staff visits necessitated unwelcome adaptations. The study provides new knowledge about how cohabitating partners' lives are affected by home care and the strategies they employ in the presence of care workers.