bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computing on many cores
Authors: Goossens Bernard , Parello David , Porada Katarzyna , Rahmoune Djallal 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThis paper presents an alternative method to parallelize programs, better suited to manycore processors than actual operating system–/API‐based approaches like OpenMP and MPI. The method relies on a parallelizing hardware and an adapted programming style. It frees and captures the instruction‐level parallelism (ILP). A many‐core design is presented in which cores are multithreaded and able to fork new threads. The programming style is based on functions. The hardware creates a concurrent thread at each function call. The programming style and the hardware create the conditions to free the ILP, by eliminating the architectural dependences between a call and its continuation after return. We illustrate the method on a sum reduction, a matrix multiplication and a sort. We measure the ILP of the parallel runs and show that it is high enough to feed thousands of cores because it increases with data size. We compare our method to pthread parallelization, showing that (1) our parallel execution is deterministic, (2) our thread management is cheap, (3) our parallelism is implicit, and (4) our method parallelizes functions and loops. Implicit parallelism makes parallel code easy to write and read. Deterministic parallel execution makes parallel code easy to debug.
Recurrent persistent hypophosphatemia in a male‐to‐female transgender patient with anorexia nervosa: Case report
Authors: Beaty L. , Trees N. , Mehler P. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRefeeding hypophosphatemia remains a serious and common complication during the early phases of nutritional rehabilitation and weight restoration for patients with anorexia nervosa. Typically, the risk of refeeding hypophosphatemia diminishes after the first 1–2 weeks of the refeeding process and thus, frequent monitoring serum phosphorus levels becomes less important as refeeding proceeds. Herein, we describe a case of persistent recurrent hypophosphatemia in a male‐to‐female transgender patient with severe anorexia nervosa. As transgender patients become increasingly seen in the realm of eating disorders, it is worth noting this phenomenon to mitigate adverse events.
A pilot evaluation of a social media literacy intervention to reduce risk factors for eating disorders
Authors: McLean Siân A. , Wertheim Eleanor H. , Masters Jennifer , Paxton Susan J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveThis pilot study investigated the effectiveness of a social media literacy intervention for adolescent girls on risk factors for eating disorders.MethodA quasi‐experimental pre‐ to post‐test design comparing intervention and control conditions was used. Participants were 101 adolescent girls (Mage = 13.13, SD = 0.33) who were allocated to receive three social media literacy intervention lessons (n = 64) or to receive classes as usual (n = 37). Self‐report assessments of eating disorder risk factors were completed one week prior to, and one week following the intervention.ResultsSignificant group by time interaction effects revealed improvements in the intervention condition relative to the control condition for body image (body esteem–weight; d = .19), disordered eating (dietary restraint; d = .26) and media literacy (realism scepticism; d = .32).DiscussionThe outcomes of this pilot study suggest that social media literacy is a potentially useful approach for prevention of risk for eating disorders in adolescent girls in the current social media environment of heightened vulnerability. Replication of this research with larger, randomized controlled trials, and longer follow‐up is needed.
Membrane peroxidation in vertebrates: Potential role in metabolism and growth
Authors: Else Paul L. 
Published: March 2017

Membrane acyl (fatty acid) composition of vertebrates varies dependent upon body size, body temperature, developmental stage, phylogeny (endothermic or ectothermic) and diet. These differences often involve increases or decreases in the amount and level of unsaturation of the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), changes that can readily alter the propensity of membranes to undergo peroxidation. These changes are examined in vertebrates using the peroxidation index (PI), a value that calculates the relative peroxidisability of membranes based on the bisallylic methylene concentration of PUFA. A brief discussion of the relevance of PI to tissue peroxidation is presented (with consideration of antioxidant mechanisms). It is proposed that contrary to the deleterious effect of high levels of peroxidation, that low levels of peroxidation may have a positive effect on growth and metabolism in vertebrates.Practical applications: Potential implications of this work include understanding how vertebrates modulate their metabolism and growth; with changes in body size, as a result of the evolution and development of endothermy, and how ectothermic vertebrates can sustain relatively increased rates of metabolism and growth in cold environments.Membrane fatty acid composition varies amongst vertebrates. This often includes changes in relative amount and unsaturation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Such changes can alter the peroxidisability of membranes (PI) and when combined with membrane density differences could have significant effects on the biology of vertebrates. This idea is investigated in terms of increased basal rates of peroxidation stimulating growth and metabolism.
A novel method to calculate the pressure interaction between dust and fluid using SPH
Authors: Kwon Jihoe , Cho Heechan 
Published: March 2017

SummaryUnstable behavior of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) dust particles, such as clumping or fingering under certain conditions, has been reported by several researchers who have conducted studies on dusty fluid SPH. The simulation results in this study show that this instability is numerical, and the instability is mainly attributable to the ill‐interpolated pressure gradient in the interaction term between 2 phases. In this paper, we introduce a new method to calculate the pressure force interaction term between dust and fluid particles. The key idea is to first interpolate the pressure gradient at SPH fluid particles and then use the values to calculate the pressure gradient at SPH dust particles, in a consecutive manner. To compare the new method with the existing method, we first conducted an interpolation of pressure gradient at hydrostatic equilibrium under gravity to estimate any error. The results show that the new method is more accurate. We then conducted additional numerical tests, namely, dust‐liquid counterflow, sedimentation in a confined tank, and sedimentation in the presence of turbulence. The unphysical unstable behavior of SPH dust particles such as clumping or fingering was significantly reduced in the new method. The results also show that the instability becomes more significant when using the existing method especially for the case when simulating a flow with relatively high concentration of dust or for the case in which inertia dominates the dynamics of dust particles. Especially, in those cases, the existing method should be avoided, and the newly proposed method is highly recommended.
Evaluation of left ventricular longitudinal deformation in patients with and without ST segment depression during supraventricular tachycardia
Authors: Shaabani Sonia , Sadeghian Saeed , Hosseinsabet Ali 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe cumulative effect of repeated demand ischemia on left ventricular (LV) systolic function has been previously demonstrated. We evaluated the longitudinal deformation of LV myocardial fibers at systole and diastole using two‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) in patients with and without ST‐segment depression during supraventricular tachycardia.MethodsWe recruited 104 consecutive patients, who were admitted to our hospital for the ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia or atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia. The patients were thereafter evaluated by transthoracic echocardiography and 2DSTE, and longitudinal systolic strain and strain rate as well as early and late diastolic strain rates were measured.ResultsWe found no statistically significant differences in longitudinal systolic strain and strain rate as well as in early and late diastolic strain rates between the two study groups.ConclusionsThe longitudinal deformation properties of LV muscle fibers were not different between patients with and without ST‐segment depression during supraventricular tachycardia. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:343–349, 2017;
The cardiovascular functions of salusin‐β mediated by muscarinic receptors, glutamate receptors or L‐type calcium channels within the rostral ventrolateral medulla of rats
Authors: Xie Fu‐Jia , Chai Chen , Zhu Ping , Li Bin , Cai Hong‐Yan , Lu Yan , Cao Nong 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSalusin‐α and salusin‐β are newly identified bioactive peptides of 28 and 20 amino acids, respectively, that were initially predicted using in silico analyses and are widely distributed in the endocrine system, hematopoietic system, and central nervous system. The goal of our study was to investigate the cardiovascular effect of salusin‐β microinjections into the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) in anesthetized rats and study their mechanism of action. Microinjection of the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) into the RVLM did not affect the blood pressure (BP) or heart rate (HR) in anesthetized rats. Topical application of salusin‐β into the RVLM produced a dose‐dependently increase of BP in anesthetized rats. Microinjection of higher dose salusin‐β produced significant tachycardia. Prior application of the L‐NAME into the RVLM of rats did not alter the hypertension and tachycardia induced by intra‐RVLM salusin‐β. Notable, the cardiovascular functions elicited by intra‐RVLM salusin‐β were significantly decreased by pretreatment with Nic, KYN and atropine. In conclusion, the present study shows that the hypertension and tachycardia induced by intra‐RVLM salusin‐β might be partly mediated, at least in our opinion, by muscarinic receptors, glutamate receptors or L‐type calcium channels.
The effect of prophylactic lymphovenous anastomosis and shunts for preventing cancer‐related lymphedema: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jørgensen Mads G. , Toyserkani Navid M. , Sørensen Jens A. 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundLymphedema is one of the most dreaded side effects to any cancer treatment involving lymphadenectomy. Progressed lymphedema is adversely complex and currently there is no widely acknowledged curative treatment. Therefore recent focus has shifted to risk reduction and prevention. It has been hypothesized that bypassing lymphatic vessels to veins prophylactically, could minimize the lymphatic dysfunction seen following lymphadenectomy.MethodsTo investigate this possible future treatment modality, we performed a systematic meta‐analysis of studies treating patients with prophylactic lymphovenous analysisstomosis (LVA) for the prevention of secondary lymphedema following lymphadenectomy. A systematic search yielded 12 articles included in the qualitative analysis and four of these were further eligible to be included in the quantitative analysis.ResultsWe found that patients treated with prophylactic LVA had a significant reduction in lymphedema incidence (Relative risk: 0.33, 95%CI: 0.19 to 0.56) when compared to patients receiving no prophylactic treatment (P < 0.0001).ConclusionProphylactic LVA in relation to lymphadenectomy shows promising results, however because of the low number of eligible studies and method heterogeneity between studies, there is an urgent need for uniformly high quality studies, before the treatment can be concluded effective.
Wide‐angle and polarization‐independent broadband microwave metamaterial absorber
Authors: Thi Quynh Hoa Nguyen , Huu Lam Phan , Duy Tung Phan 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTWe present a broadband metamaterial absorber (MA) in the microwave frequency regime by utilizing a periodic array of metallic‐dielectric multilayered conical frustums. The absorption performance of the proposed MA is simulated and analyzed in details by using the finite‐difference time domain method. The absorption efficiencies greater than 90% can be achieved while maintaining with large incidence angles up to 600. Furthermore, the perfect polarization independence is also obtained due to its rotational symmetrical structure. The obtained excellent absorber performance reveals that the proposed MA is promising candidates for camouflage and stealth radome applications. Moreover, we believe that this structure can be extended to design perfect broadband absorbers in the terahertz, infrared, and optical frequencies. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:1157–1161, 2017
Matched loads using substrate integrated waveguide and shaped absorbing material for KA‐/Q‐band applications
Authors: Huang Yong Mao , Peng Yujia , Jiang Wei , Wang Tengxing , Jin Haiyan , Leng Supeng , Wang Guoan 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTTwo planar matched loads using substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) and absorbing material are presented. The magnetic‐loss absorbing material is cut into horn and concave shapes and loaded into SIW sections respectively to form two SIW matched loads. Measured results of the proposed SIW matched loads show comparable agreement with their corresponding simulations. Moreover, the proposed matched loads exhibit fractional bandwidths of 46.1 and 68%, respectively with a return loss over 18.5 dB, as well as system integration capability, low complexity and low cost, which demonstrate their suitability for Ka‐ and Q‐band applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:1174–1178, 2017
Theorical and numerical analysis of an all‐optical delta‐sigma modulator
Authors: Davoudzadeh Nima , Goddard Lynford L. , Sayeh Mohammad R. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTDelta‐sigma modulation is a powerful technique for optical signal processing due to its high bandwidth, noise immunity, and low cost. In this article, a theory for all‐optical delta‐sigma modulation is presented along with the calculation and design parameters for optical system implementation. An optical delta‐sigma modulator can be used in a microwave photonic link to encode the radio frequency signal into the duty cycle of the optical pulses. Simulation results are presented that confirm the theory and also the possibility of reaching a few GHz modulation rate in a chip‐level implementation. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:1168–1173, 2017
Forecasting rare disease outbreaks from open source indicators
Authors: Rekatsinas Theodoros , Ghosh Saurav , Mekaru Sumiko R. , Nsoesie Elaine O. , Brownstein John S. , Getoor Lise , Ramakrishnan Naren 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundRapidly increasing volumes of news feeds from diverse data sources, such as online newspapers, Twitter, and online blogs, are proving to be extremely valuable resources in helping to anticipate, detect, and forecast outbreaks of rare diseases. The goal of this paper is to develop techniques that can effectively forecast the emergence and progression of rare infectious diseases by combining data from disparate data sources.MethodsWe introduce SourceSeer, a novel algorithmic framework that combines spatiotemporal topic models with source‐based anomaly detection techniques. SourceSeer is capable of discovering the location focus of each source, allowing sources to be used as experts with varying degrees of authoritativeness. To fuse the individual source predictions into a final outbreak prediction, we employ a multiplicative weights algorithm taking into account the accuracy of each source.ResultsWe evaluate the performance of SourceSeer using incidence data for hantavirus syndromes in multiple countries of Latin America provided by HealthMap over a time span of 15 months. We demonstrate that SourceSeer makes predictions of increased accuracy compared to several baselines and can forecast disease outbreaks in a timely manner even when no outbreaks were previously reported.
Design and Synthesis of a Dimethylindole Red Trimer: A New Light‐Up Red‐Emitting Fluorescent Probe for G‐Quadruplexes
Authors: Jiang Guimei , Chen Xing , Xu Lijun , Cao Yi , Hong Shanni , Liu Min , Cao Weiguo , Pei Renjun 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe present a zwitterionic fluorescent probe based on dimethylindole red (Dir) derivative (named Dir‐Trimer), which was synthesized by organic amine covalently linking three red‐emitting Dir units. The unique structure of Dir‐Trimer with three zwitterionic units largely decreased its intrinsic fluorescence. Fluorescence experiments exhibit that Dir‐Trimer selectively interacts with G‐quadruplexes with large fluorescence enhancement and sensitivity. Further studies indicate that Dir‐Trimer could visualize G‐quadruplexes on cell level.
The association of trajectories of protein intake and age-specific protein intakes from 2 to 22 years with BMI in early adulthood
Authors: Wright Melecia , Sotres-Alvarez Daniela , Mendez Michelle A. , Adair Linda 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNo study has analysed how protein intake from early childhood to young adulthood relate to adult BMI in a single cohort. To estimate the association of protein intake at 2, 11, 15, 19 and 22 years with age- and sex-standardised BMI at 22 years (early adulthood), we used linear regression models with dietary and anthropometric data from a Filipino birth cohort (1985–2005, n 2586). We used latent growth curve analysis to identify trajectories of protein intake relative to age-specific recommended daily allowance (intake in g/kg body weight) from 2 to 22 years, then related trajectory membership to early adulthood BMI using linear regression models. Lean mass and fat mass were secondary outcomes. Regression models included socioeconomic, dietary and anthropometric confounders from early life and adulthood. Protein intake relative to needs at age 2 years was positively associated with BMI and lean mass at age 22 years, but intakes at ages 11, 15 and 22 years were inversely associated with early adulthood BMI. Individuals were classified into four mutually exclusive trajectories: (i) normal consumers (referent trajectory, 58 % of cohort), (ii) high protein consumers in infancy (20 %), (iii) usually high consumers (18 %) and (iv) always high consumers (5 %). Compared with the normal consumers, ‘usually high’ consumption was inversely associated with BMI, lean mass and fat mass at age 22 years whereas ‘always high’ consumption was inversely associated with male lean mass in males. Proximal protein intakes were more important contributors to early adult BMI relative to early-childhood protein intake; protein intake history was differentially associated with adulthood body size.
‘God Even Blessed Me with Less Money’: Disappointment, Pentecostalism and the Middle Classes in Brazil
Authors: ST. CLAIR GEORGE 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThrough shedding light on traditional Pentecostalism in Brazil this article reveals how middle-class people in São Paulo, Brazil, manage disappointment relating to current socio-economic conditions. Ethnographic research on Brazil's oldest Pentecostal church, which preserves an anachronistic style of practice, shows how people embrace a marginal identity and thereby critique social conditions in the country. In stark contrast to newer forms of Pentecostalism, people featured in this paper respond to an ‘anti-prosperity gospel’, in which failures and setbacks are construed as signs of spiritual purity and development. In a country where a ‘new middle class’ is supposedly finding prosperity, this study shows a religiously-oriented way in which people confront the disappointing gap between the promises of neoliberalism and the realities of jobless growth.
Asset-based approaches, older people and social care: an analysis and critique
Authors: DALY MARY , WESTWOOD SUE 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTAsset-based thinking is increasingly prevalent in health policy and is to be found also in discourses on social care. This article explores and critiques the applicability of asset-based approaches to social care for older people, using Carol Bacchi's analytical framework to consider developments in the United Kingdom especially. The problem construction, assumptions and suggested solutions underpinning an asset-based approach are considered in turn. The paper draws two major conclusions. The first is that, while it has potential application to the field, the key assumptions and objectives of the asset-based approach do not hold well for social care and therefore adopting the approach carries risks. The paper concludes, secondly, that an asset-based approach is ‘over-promised’ in the sense of being insufficiently theorised and lacking empirical evidence. A number of suggestions are made for greater critical interrogation, improved empirical evidence and closer scrutiny of the policy ‘solutions’ associated with assets-related thinking.
Assessing factors influencing a possible South China tiger reintroduction: a survey of international conservation professionals
Authors: QIN YIYUAN , NYHUS PHILIP J. 
Published: March 2017

SUMMARYTigers are among the most at-risk large carnivores and the South China tiger is the most threatened tiger subspecies. Reintroduction programmes are one strategy to re-establishing extirpated populations. China is committed to restoring wild South China tigers, but uncertainty remains about factors constraining these efforts. The aim of this study was to query conservation and reintroduction professionals about their attitudes and concerns and to provide guidance regarding a possible tiger reintroduction effort in South Central China. We carried out a global survey of 287 scholars and practitioners involved with wildlife reintroduction and conservation. We received responses from 68 (23.7%) respondents. More than 70% supported a potential South China tiger reintroduction effort, but many expressed concerns over planning and implementation, adherence to International Union for Conservation of Nature reintroduction guidelines and elimination of underlying threats. Respondents generally believed that China has the capacity to carry out such a programme, but may not have the experience or socio-political environment to address the issues facing human populations; 62% of respondents suggested a plausible release site should be greater than 2000 km2. To our knowledge, this is the first survey related to a potential large carnivore reintroduction programme in Asia; it has implications for future reintroduction and recovery programmes in Asia and globally.
Uniform s-Cross-Intersecting Families
Authors: FRANKL PETER , KUPAVSKII ANDREY 
Published: March 2017

In this paper we study a question related to the classical Erdős–Ko–Rado theorem, which states that any family of k-element subsets of the set [n] = {1,. . .,n} in which any two sets intersect has cardinality at most $\binom{n-1}{k-1}$.We say that two non-empty families ${\mathcal A}, {\mathcal B}\subset \binom{[n]}{k}$ are s-cross-intersecting if, for any A ∈ ${\mathcal A}$, B ∈ ${\mathcal B}$, we have |A ∩ B| ≥ s. In this paper we determine the maximum of |${\mathcal A}$|+|${\mathcal B}$| for all n. This generalizes a result of Hilton and Milner, who determined the maximum of |${\mathcal A}$|+|${\mathcal B}$| for non-empty 1-cross-intersecting families.