bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated Configuration Design for Ultrafast Rechargeable Dual‐Ion Battery
Authors: Jiang Chunlei , Fang Yue , Lang Jihui , Tang Yongbing 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this work, an integrated dual‐ion battery design is reported with active materials, current collectors, and separator, assembled in one flexible component. An aluminum film is deposited directly onto one side of the 3D porous glass fiber separator to form a porous anode. Cathode active materials are loaded on the other side of the separator with aluminum film deposited on the top as current collector. This design demonstrates ultrafast charge/discharge rate up to 120 C while maintaining high capacity of 116.1 mA h g−1. Moreover, long‐term stability of over 1500 cycles at a high rate of 60 C is achieved. The estimated energy density remains as high as 232.6 W h kg−1 at an ultrahigh power density of 22634.5 W kg−1.
Polyesters Containing Chiral Imidazolidinone Salts in Polymer Main Chain: Heterogeneous Organocatalysts for the Asymmetric Diels–Alder Reaction
Authors: Haraguchi Naoki , Nguyen Thanh Liem , Itsuno Shinichi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractNovel main‐chain polyesters functionalized with chiral imidazolidinone salts were successfully synthesized. Polycondensation of a chiral imidazolidinone dimer bearing two hydroxyphenyl groups with selected achiral dicarboxylic acid chlorides followed by the addition of an acid afforded polyesters with chiral imidazolidinone salts incorporated into the polymer main chain. Main‐chain ionic polyesters functionalized with chiral imidazolidinone salts in the polymer main chain were synthesized by the neutralization polymerization of a chiral imidazolidinone dimer with selected aromatic disulfonic acids. These polyesters were used as heterogeneous organocatalysts in the asymmetric Diels–Alder reaction of trans‐cinnamaldehyde and 1,3‐cyclopentadiene. By optimizing the polymer main‐chain structure, enantioselectivity of up to 97 % was achieved, which is higher than that attained using the corresponding monomeric and dimeric chiral imidazolidinone salts. These heterogeneous organocatalysts were easily recovered from the reaction mixture and reused several times without significant loss of the enantioselectivity.
Nanoelectrical and Nanoelectrochemical Imaging of Pt/p‐Si and Pt/p+‐Si Electrodes
Authors: Jiang Jingjing , Huang Zhuangqun , Xiang Chengxiang , Poddar Rakesh , Lewerenz Hans‐Joachim , Papadantonakis Kimberly M. , Lewis Nathan S. , Brunschwig Bruce S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe interfacial properties of electrolessly deposited Pt nanoparticles (Pt‐NPs) on p‐Si and p+‐Si electrodes were investigated on the nanometer scale using a combination of scanning probe methods. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed highly dispersed Pt‐NPs with diameters of 20–150 nm on the Si surface. Conductive AFM measurements showed that only approximately half of the particles exhibited measurable contact currents, with a factor of 103 difference in current observed between particles at a given bias. Local current–voltage measurements revealed a rectifying junction with a resistance ≥10 MΩ at the Pt‐NP/p‐Si interface, whereas the Pt‐NP/p+‐Si samples formed an ohmic junction with a local resistance ≥1 MΩ. The particles were strongly attached to the sample surface in air. However, in an electrolyte, the adhesion of the particles to the surface was substantially lower, and most of the particles had tip‐contact currents that varied by a factor of approximately 10. Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) showed smaller but more uniform electrochemical currents for the particles relative to the currents observed by conductive AFM. In accord with the conductive AFM measurements, the SECM measurements showed conductance through the substrate for only a minority of the particles. These results suggest that the electrochemical performance of the electrolessly deposited Pt nanoparticles on Si can be ascribed to: 1) The high resistance of the contact between the particles and the substrate, 2) the low (<50 %) fraction of particles that support high currents, and 3) the low adhesion of the particles to the surface when in contact with the electrolyte.
Coastal habitat and biological community response to dam removal on the Elwha River
Authors: Foley Melissa M. , Warrick Jonathan A. , Ritchie Andrew , Stevens Andrew W. , Shafroth Patrick B. , Duda Jeffrey J. , Beirne Matthew M. , Paradis Rebecca , Gelfenbaum Guy , McCoy Randall , Cubley Erin S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHabitat diversity and heterogeneity play a fundamental role in structuring ecological communities. Dam emplacement and removal can fundamentally alter habitat characteristics, which, in turn, can affect associated biological communities. Beginning in the early 1900s, the Elwha and Glines Canyon dams in Washington, USA, withheld an estimated 30 million Mg of sediment from river, coastal, and nearshore habitats. During the staged removal of these dams, the largest dam removal project in history, over 14 million Mg of sediment were released from the former reservoirs. Our interdisciplinary study in coastal habitats, the first of its kind, shows how the physical changes to the river delta and estuary habitats during dam removal were linked to responses in biological communities. Sediment released during dam removal resulted in over a meter of sedimentation in the estuary and over 400 m of expansion of the river mouth delta landform. These changes increased the amount of supratidal and intertidal habitat, but also reduced the influx of seawater into the pre‐removal estuary complex. The effects of these geomorphic and hydrologic changes cascaded to biological systems, reducing the abundance of macroinvertebrates and fish in the estuary and shifting community composition from brackish to freshwater‐dominated species. Vegetation did not significantly change on the delta, but pioneer vegetation increased during dam removal, coinciding with the addition of newly available habitat. Understanding how coastal habitats respond to large‐scale human stressors, and in some cases the removal of those stressors, is increasingly important as human uses and restoration activities increase in these habitats.
Weak‐instrument robust inference for two‐sample instrumental variables regression
Authors: Choi Jaerim , Gu Jiaying , Shen Shu 
Published: June 2017

SummaryInstrumental variable (IV) methods for regression are well established. More recently, methods have been developed for statistical inference when the instruments are weakly correlated with the endogenous regressor, so that estimators are biased and no longer asymptotically normally distributed. This paper extends such inference to the case where two separate samples are used to implement instrumental variables estimation. We also relax the restrictive assumptions of homoskedastic error structure and equal moments of exogenous covariates across two samples commonly employed in the two‐sample IV literature for strong IV inference. Monte Carlo experiments show good size properties of the proposed tests regardless of the strength of the instruments. We apply the proposed methods to two seminal empirical studies that adopt the two‐sample IV framework.
Towards the use of bioresorbable fibers in time‐domain diffuse optics
Authors: Di Sieno Laura , Boetti Nadia G. , Dalla Mora Alberto , Pugliese Diego , Farina Andrea , Konugolu Venkata Sekar Sanathana , Ceci‐Ginistrelli Edoardo , Janner Davide , Pifferi Antonio , Milanese Daniel 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn the last years bioresorbable materials are gaining increasing interest for building implantable optical components for medical devices. In this work we show the fabrication of bioresorbable optical fibers designed for diffuse optics applications, featuring large core diameter (up to 200 μm) and numerical aperture (0.17) to maximize the collection efficiency of diffused light. We demonstrate the suitability of bioresorbable fibers for time‐domain diffuse optical spectroscopy firstly checking the intrinsic performances of the setup by acquiring the instrument response function. We then validate on phantoms the use of bioresorbable fibers by applying the MEDPHOT protocol to assess the performance of the system in measuring optical properties (namely, absorption and scattering coefficients) of homogeneous media. Further, we show an ex‐vivo validation on a chicken breast by measuring the absorption and scattering spectra in the 500–1100 nm range using interstitially inserted bioresorbable fibers. This work represents a step toward a new way to look inside the body using optical fibers that can be implanted in patients. These fibers could be useful either for diagnostic (e. g. for monitoring the evolution after surgical interventions) or treatment (e. g. photodynamic therapy) purposes. Picture: Microscopy image of the 100 μm core bioresorbable fiber.magnified image
Propagation of Gaussian and Laguerre‐Gaussian vortex beams through mouse brain tissue
Authors: Shi Lingyan , Lindwasser Lukas , Wang Wubao , Alfano Robert , Rodríguez‐Contreras Adrián 
Published: June 2017

AbstractLight transmission of Gaussian (G) and Laguerre‐Gaussian (LG) vortex beams in mouse brain tissue is investigated. Transmittance is measured with different orbital angular momentums (OAM) at various tissue thicknesses. In both ballistic and diffusive regions, transmittances of G and LG beams show no significant difference. The transition point from ballistic to diffusive region for the mouse brain tissue is determined at about 480 μm. The observed transmittances of the G and LG beams show independence on OAM modes, which may be attributed to poorly understood interference effects from brain tissue.
Strontium‐releasing fluorapatite glass‐ceramics: Crystallization behavior, microstructure, and solubility
Authors: Denry Isabelle , Goudouri Ourania‐Menti , Harless Jeffrey D. , Hubbard E. M. , Holloway Julie A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of strontium partial replacement for calcium on the crystallization behavior, microstructure and solubility of fluorapatite glass‐ceramics. Four glass compositions were prepared with increasing amounts of strontium partially replacing calcium. The crystallization behavior was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The microstructure was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The chemical solubility was quantified according to ISO standard 10993‐14. The amount of strontium released in solution after incubation in TRIS‐HCl or citric acid buffer was measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. XRD analyses revealed that partially substituted strontium‐fluorapatite and strontium‐åkermanite crystallized after strontium additions. The lattice cell volume of both phases increased linearly with the amount of strontium in the composition. Strontium additions led to a reduction in crystal size and an increase in crystal number density. The chemical solubility and amount of strontium released in solution increased linearly with the amount of strontium present in the composition in both TRIS‐HCl and citric acid buffers. Total amounts of strontium released reached a maximum of 547 ± 80 ppm in TRIS‐HCl and 1252 ± 290 ppm in citric acid buffer for the glass composition with the highest amount of strontium. For all strontium‐containing compositions, the amount released in TRIS‐HCl continued to increase between 70 and 120 h, indicating sustained release rather than burst release. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomater Res Part B: 106B: 1421–1430, 2018.
A suspicious case of cefmetazole‐induced hypoprothrombinemia
Authors: Kodama Nobuhiro , Matsumoto Shuichi , Matsubayashi Sunao 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCefmetazole occasionally prolongs the prothrombin time. The mechanism is considered to be because of (i) inhibition of vitamin K metabolism, (ii) a lack of vitamin K, and (iii) low vitamin K stores. We report the death of a 93‐year‐old woman who was administered cefmetazole and exhibited a prolonged prothrombin time. When using cefmetazole in elderly patients, PT‐INR should be monitored every few days.
FORCING WITH BUSHY TREES
Authors: KHAN MUSHFEQ , MILLER JOSEPH S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe present several results that rely on arguments involving the combinatorics of “bushy trees”. These include the fact that there are arbitrarily slow-growing diagonally noncomputable (DNC) functions that compute no Kurtz random real, as well as an extension of a result of Kumabe in which we establish that there are DNC functions relative to arbitrary oracles that are of minimal Turing degree. Along the way, we survey some of the existing instances of bushy tree arguments in the literature.
Radiocarbon Constraints on the Age of the World’s Highest-Elevation Cave-Bear Population, Conturines Cave (Dolomites, Northern Italy)
Authors: Spötl Christoph , Reimer Paula J , Rabeder Gernot , Bronk Ramsey Christopher 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe report radiocarbon (14C) dates on bone samples of Ursus ladinicus, a small cave bear species well adapted to a life in the mountains, whose remains were found in Conturines Cave. Located at 2775 m asl in the Dolomites of northern Italy, this cave is by far the highest known cave bear site worldwide. Eleven 14C dates obtained by the Belfast and Oxford laboratories on samples showing good collagen preservation yielded consistent ages in excess of 46–50 ka BP. These results show that contrary to the previously held view these cave bear remains are older than Marine Isotope Stage 3, and likely date from a warm climate period with a high treeline, possibly the Last Interglacial.
Past and present: the status and distribution of otters (Carnivora: Lutrinae) in China
Authors: Li Fei , Chan Bosco Pui Lok 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThree species of otters are known from China; the Eurasian otterLutra lutrais widespread throughout the country and the smooth-coatedLutrogale perspicillataand Asian small-clawed ottersAonyx cinereusoccur in tropical and subtropical regions. We summarize the past status and distribution of otters in China, and provide an update based on a literature review, interviews and field surveys. Otter populations have undergone a dramatic countrywide decline, and are extirpated over much of their former ranges. Relict populations persist, however, in well-protected nature reserves, in sparsely populated headwaters of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, at remote sites along international borders, and in densely populated deltas and floodplains. Recent records were mostly of the Eurasian otter, and we could find no confirmed recent record of the smooth-coated otter. The otters that survive in certain well-protected sites could act as source populations for recolonization if adequate conservation interventions are implemented. Urgent, focused action is needed to protect the remaining populations, and to study the taxonomy and ecology of China's otters.
Facilitators and barriers experienced by federal cross-sector partners during the implementation of a healthy eating campaign
Authors: Fernandez Melissa Anne , Desroches Sophie , Marquis Marie , Turcotte Mylène , Provencher Véronique 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo identify facilitators and barriers that Health Canada’s (HC) cross-sector partners experienced while implementing the Eat Well Campaign: Food Skills (EWC; 2013–2014) and describe how these experiences might differ according to distinct partner types.DesignA qualitative study using hour-long semi-structured telephone interviews conducted with HC partners that were transcribed verbatim. Facilitators and barriers were identified inductively and analysed according partner types.SettingImplementation of a national mass-media health education campaign.SubjectsTwenty-one of HC’s cross-sector partners (food retailers, media and health organizations) engaged in the EWC.ResultsFacilitators and barriers were grouped into seven major themes: operational elements, intervention factors, resources, collaborator traits, developer traits, partnership factors and target population factors. Four of these themes had dual roles as both facilitators and barriers (intervention factors, resources, collaborator traits and developer traits). Sub-themes identified as both facilitators and barriers illustrate the extent to which a facilitator can easily become a barrier. Partnership factors were unique facilitators, while operational and target population factors were unique barriers. Time was a barrier that was common to almost all partners regardless of partnership type. There appeared to be a greater degree of uniformity among facilitators, whereas barriers were more diverse and unique to the realities of specific types of partner.ConclusionsCollaborative planning will help public health organizations anticipate barriers unique to the realities of specific types of organizations. It will also prevent facilitators from becoming barriers. Advanced planning will help organizations manage time constraints and integrate activities, facilitating implementation.
PLK2 Plays an Essential Role in High D-Glucose-Induced Apoptosis, ROS Generation and Inflammation in Podocytes
Authors: Zou Hong-hong , Yang Ping-ping , Huang Tian-lun , Zheng Xiao-xu , Xu Gao-si 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a serious complication of hyperglycemia. Currently, there is no effective therapeutic intervention for DKD. In this study, we sought to provide a set of gene profile in diabetic kidneys. We identified 338 genes altered in diabetes-induced DKD glomeruli, and PLK2 exhibited the most dramatic change. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) indicated multiple signaling pathways are involved DKD pathogenesis. Here, we investigated whether PLK2 contributes to podocyte dysfunction, a characteristic change in the development of DKD. High D-glucose (HDG) significantly increased PLK2 expression in mouse podocytes. Suppressing PLK2 attenuated HDG-induced apoptosis and inflammatory responses both in vitro and in vivo. NAC, an antioxidant reagent, rescued HDG and PLK2 overexpression-induced kidney injuries. In summary, we demonstrated that silencing PLK2 attenuates HDG-induced podocyte apoptosis and inflammation, which may serve as a future therapeutic target in DKD.
The effect of interface anisotropy on demagnetization progress in perpendicularly oriented hard/soft exchange-coupled multilayers
Authors: Zhao Qian , Chen Jun , Wang Jiaqi , Zhang Xuefeng , Zhao Guoping , Ma Qiang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe demagnetization progress of various hard/soft multilayers with perpendicular crystalline anisotropy has been studied by a micromagnetic model, incorporating the effect of the interface anisotropy, which is evident on the nucleation field when the soft layer thickness is small. Both microscopic and macroscopic hysteresis loops as well as angular distributions for the magnetizations in the thickness direction have been calculated, taking into account of realistic values of the interface anisotropy. The formula for the nucleation field has been derived analytically, where the nucleation field increases linearly with the interface anisotropy for a wide thickness region. While the nucleation field could change by more than 90% due to the influence of the interface anisotropy, the interface anisotropy has no effect on the pinning field or the coercivity, but it has some slight influence on the angular distributions. On the other hand, positive interface anisotropy enhances the remanence and the energy products, whereas negative interface anisotropy deteriorates both of them. Comparison with the experimental data justifies our calculation, indicating that negative interface anisotropy should be avoided in the experiment.
Contribution of plasma membrane lipid domains to red blood cell (re)shaping
Authors: Leonard C. , Conrard L. , Guthmann M. , Pollet H. , Carquin M. , Vermylen C. , Gailly P. , Van Der Smissen P. , Mingeot-Leclercq M. P. , Tyteca D. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAlthough lipid domains have been evidenced in several living cell plasma membranes, their roles remain largely unclear. We here investigated whether they could contribute to function-associated cell (re)shaping. To address this question, we used erythrocytes as cellular model since they (i) exhibit a specific biconcave shape, allowing for reversible deformation in blood circulation, which is lost by membrane vesiculation upon aging; and (ii) display at their outer plasma membrane leaflet two types of submicrometric domains differently enriched in cholesterol and sphingomyelin. We here reveal the specific association of cholesterol- and sphingomyelin-enriched domains with distinct curvature areas of the erythrocyte biconcave membrane. Upon erythrocyte deformation, cholesterol-enriched domains gathered in high curvature areas. In contrast, sphingomyelin-enriched domains increased in abundance upon calcium efflux during shape restoration. Upon erythrocyte storage at 4 °C (to mimick aging), lipid domains appeared as specific vesiculation sites. Altogether, our data indicate that lipid domains could contribute to erythrocyte function-associated (re)shaping.
Ca2+ ionophores are not suitable for inducing mPTP opening in murine isolated adult cardiac myocytes
Authors: Panel Mathieu , Ghaleh Bijan , Morin Didier 
Published: June 2017

AbstractOpening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) plays a major role in cell death during cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion. Adult isolated rodent cardiomyocytes are valuable cells to study the effect of drugs targeting mPTP. This study investigated whether the use of Ca2+ ionophores (A23187, ionomycin and ETH129) represent a reliable model to study inhibition of mPTP opening in cardiomyocytes. We monitored mPTP opening using the calcein/cobalt fluorescence technique in adult rat and wild type or cyclophilin D (CypD) knock-out mice cardiomyocytes. Cells were either treated with Ca2+ ionophores or subjected to hypoxia followed by reoxygenation. The ionophores induced mPTP-dependent swelling in isolated mitochondria. A23187, but not ionomycin, induced a decrease in calcein fluorescence. This loss could not be inhibited by CypD deletion and was explained by a direct interaction between A23187 and cobalt. ETH129 caused calcein loss, mitochondrial depolarization and cell death but CypD deletion did not alleviate these effects. In the hypoxia-reoxygenation model, CypD deletion delayed both mPTP opening and cell death occurring at the time of reoxygenation. Thus, Ca2+ ionophores are not suitable to induce CypD-dependent mPTP opening in adult murine cardiomyocytes. Hypoxia-reoxygenation conditions appear therefore as the most reliable model to investigate mPTP opening in these cells.