bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Text Elaboration on Korean Reading Comprehension
Authors: Kong Dong-Kwan 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
This study investigates the effects of input modification on L2 Korean reading comprehension. A total of 160 participants were randomly assigned to one of five conditions: baseline (B), simplified (SP), lexically elaborated (LE), structurally elaborated (SE), or lexically and structurally elaborated (LSE) version of texts. Comprehension was assessed by a multiple-choice test with three question types: synthesis, replication, and inference. In addition, a questionnaire for perceptive comprehension was administered. The test data were analyzed by a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a least significant difference (LSD) test. The results were as follows: (a) simplified input promoted Korean as a second language students' reading comprehension, although the results were not statistically significant; (b) elaborated input enhanced the reading comprehension with degrees of difference among elaboration types; (c) the effects of simplification were not significantly different from those of elaboration; (d) different text modification types assisted students' degree of comprehension processing differently measured by the scores of reading comprehension on different question types; (e) students' perceived comprehension was well reflected on their scores of reading comprehension. The perceived comprehension of all the modification type groups (LSE, SE, LE, and SP) was significantly higher than those of the B version group.
Retracted: miR‐188 promotes senescence of lineage‐negative bone marrow cells by targeting MAP3K3 expression
Authors: Zheng Yue , Liu Hua , Kong Ye 
Published: June 2017

Lineage‐negative bone marrow cells (lin‐BMCs) have reparative potential for overcoming endothelial dysfunction and reducing cardiovascular risk. Here, we found that miR‐188 is upregulated and mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 (MAP3K3) is downregulated in aged lin‐BMCs, whereas their expression is reversed in young lin‐BMCs. We identified and confirmed MAP3K3 as a direct target of miR‐188. MiR‐188 overexpression or MAP3K3 silencing in young lin‐BMCs increases p16 and p21 expression, enhances cell senescence, and decreases the ability for cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Conversely, miR‐188 suppression in aged lin‐BMCs yields the opposite results. We further found that MAP3K3 is involved in miR‐188–induced promotion of lin‐BMC senescence. All data reveal that miR‐188 induces lin‐BMC senescence by targeting MAP3K3 expression, thus, providing new theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Evaluation of deep moonquake source parameters: Implication for fault characteristics and thermal state
Authors: Kawamura Taichi , Lognonné Philippe , Nishikawa Yasuhiro , Tanaka Satoshi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWhile deep moonquakes are seismic events commonly observed on the Moon, their source mechanism is still unexplained. The two main issues are poorly constrained source parameters and incompatibilities between the thermal profiles suggested by many studies and the apparent need for brittle properties at these depths. In this study, we reinvestigated the deep moonquake data to reestimate its source parameters and uncover the characteristics of deep moonquake faults that differ from those on Earth. We first improve the estimation of source parameters through spectral analysis using “new” broadband seismic records made by combining those of the Apollo long‐ and short‐period seismometers. We use the broader frequency band of the combined spectra to estimate corner frequencies and DC values of spectra, which are important parameters to constrain the source parameters. We further use the spectral features to estimate seismic moments and stress drops for more than 100 deep moonquake events from three different source regions. This study revealed that deep moonquake faults are extremely smooth compared to terrestrial faults. Second, we reevaluate the brittle‐ductile transition temperature that is consistent with the obtained source parameters. We show that the source parameters imply that the tidal stress is the main source of the stress glut causing deep moonquakes and the large strain rate from tides makes the brittle‐ductile transition temperature higher. Higher transition temperatures open a new possibility to construct a thermal model that is consistent with deep moonquake occurrence and pressure condition and thereby improve our understandings of the deep moonquake source mechanism.
Facile and Reversible Formation of Iron(III)–Oxo–Cerium(IV) Adducts from Nonheme Oxoiron(IV) Complexes and Cerium(III)
Authors: Draksharapu Apparao , Rasheed Waqas , Klein Johannes E. M. N. , Que Lawrence 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCeric ammonium nitrate (CAN) or CeIV(NH4)2(NO3)6 is often used in artificial water oxidation and generally considered to be an outer‐sphere oxidant. Herein we report the spectroscopic and crystallographic characterization of [(N4Py)FeIII‐O‐CeIV(OH2)(NO3)4]+ (3), a complex obtained from the reaction of [(N4Py)FeII(NCMe)]2+ with 2 equiv CAN or [(N4Py)FeIV=O]2+ (2) with CeIII(NO3)3 in MeCN. Surprisingly, the formation of 3 is reversible, the position of the equilibrium being dependent on the MeCN/water ratio of the solvent. These results suggest that the FeIV and CeIV centers have comparable reduction potentials. Moreover, the equilibrium entails a change in iron spin state, from S=1 FeIV in 2 to S=5/2 in 3, which is found to be facile despite the formal spin‐forbidden nature of this process. This observation suggests that FeIV=O complexes may avail of reaction pathways involving multiple spin states having little or no barrier.
Melamine amino trimethylene phosphate as a novel flame retardant for rigid polyurethane foams with improved flame retardant, mechanical and thermal properties
Authors: Liu Lei , Wang Zhengzhou , Xu Xiaoyan 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTMelamine amino trimethylene phosphate (MATMP) as a novel nitrogen‐phosphorus flame retardant, was synthesized by the reaction of melamine with amino trimethylene phosphonic acid (ATMP) in aqueous solution. The structure of MATMP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, solid state P nuclear magnetic resonance, and thermogravimetric analysis. Rigid polyurethane (RPU) foams were prepared by one‐shot and free‐rise method, using MATMP as a flame retardant. The flame retardant, mechanical and thermal properties of MATMP in RPU foams were studied. It is found that the RPU foam containing 15 wt % MATMP (sample RPUMA‐15) can pass the UL‐94 V0 test with a limiting oxygen index of 25.5%. The cone calorimeter test results show that the peak heat release rate of RPUMA‐15 is reduced about 34% compared with that of untreated RPU foam. SEM results indicate that the RPU foams with MATMP can form the good and compact char during burning which provides better flame retardancy. The compressive strength of the RPU foams filled with MATMP first increases and then slightly decreases with an increase in the MATMP content comparing with that of untreated RPU foam. Moreover, thermal conductivities of the MATMP filled RPU foams are about 0.03 W/m K. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45234.
5‐Sulfoisophthalic acid monolithium salt doped polypyrrole/multiwalled carbon nanotubes composites for EMI shielding application in X‐band (8.2–12.4 GHz)
Authors: Gahlout Pragati , Choudhary Veena 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThis article describes the synthesis and characterization of highly conductive polypyrrole (PPy)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites prepared by in situ polymerization of pyrrole using 5‐sulfoisophthalic acid monolithium salt [lithio sulfoisophthalic acid (LiSiPA)] as dopant and ferric chloride as oxidant. Several samples were prepared by varying the amounts of MWCNTs ranging from 1 to 5 wt %. Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope images clearly show a thick coating of PPy on surface of MWCNTs. The electrical conductivity of PPy increased with increasing amount of MWCNTs and maximum conductivity observed was 52 S/cm at a loading of 5 wt % of MWCNTs. Pure PPy prepared under similar conditions had a conductivity of 25 S/cm. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) also showed a similar trend and average EMI shielding of −108 dB (3 mm) was observed for sample having 5 wt % MWCNT in the frequency range of 8.2–12.4 GHz (X‐band). The light weight and absorption dominated total SE of −93 to −108 dB of these composites indicate the usefulness of these materials for microwave shielding. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45370.
Improved thermal conductivity of ceramic filler‐filled polyamide composites by using PA6/PA66 1:1 blend as matrix
Authors: Yuan Dongbang , Gao Yan‐Fang , Guo Zhao‐Xia , Yu Jian 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTPolyamide‐type composites with improved thermal conductivity are prepared by using polyamide 6(PA6)/polyamide 6,6 (PA66) 1:1 blend as the matrix and aluminum nitride (AlN) as the filler through melt compounding. Field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) mapping of Al is used to investigate distribution of AlN. Differential scanning calorimeter is used to investigate the crystallization behavior of the composites. The thermal conductivity of PA6/PA66/AlN composite with 50 wt % AlN is 1.5 W m−1 K−1, 88% enhancement compared to those of single polymer based PA6/AlN or PA66/AlN composites. The reason for the improved thermal conductivity is the increased effective volume concentration of AlN in one (probably PA66) phase. The experimental data are fitted into Bruggeman and Agari–Uno model. Composites with similar thermal conductivity are also prepared using silicon carbide as the filler instead of AlN, showing that using PA6/PA66 1:1 blend as the matrix is a universal method to prepare thermally conductive composites with less filler loading. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45371.
Synergistic effect of carbon nanofiber decorated with iron oxide in enhancing properties of styrene butadiene rubber nanocomposites
Authors: Song Sung Ho 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTElastomer nanocomposites reinforced with carbon nanofiber (CNF) decorated with metal nanoparticles exhibit excellent thermal, mechanical, and magnetic properties with low volume fraction of the reinforcement. Generally, metal nanoparticles are used to modify the surface of CNF, to improve their dispersion and contact resistance in the polymer matrix. In this study, Fe2O3 metal nanoparticles were decorated on CNF by electrostatic attraction via a green and facile solution‐based method. Interestingly, the CNF decorated with Fe2O3 (CNF‐Fe2O3)/elastomer improved both the tensile strength and the fatigue property of plain CNF/elastomer by as much as 57.2% and 27.2%, respectively. Moreover, the CNF‐Fe2O3/elastomer exhibited superior thermal conductivity, a twofold enhancement compared with carbon fibers. The elastomer nanocomposites consisting of CNF‐Fe2O3 also exhibited enhanced magnetic properties due to synergies between the Fe2O3 nanoparticles and the CNF. The elastomer nanocomposites prepared with CNF‐Fe2O3 will open significant new opportunities for preparing advanced elastomer nanocomposites for future engineering applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45376.
Fast property prediction in an industrial rubber mixing process with local ELM model
Authors: Jin Weiya , Liu Yi , Gao Zengliang 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTOnline property prediction in industrial rubber mixing processes is not an easy task. An efficient data‐driven prediction model is developed in this work. The regularized extreme learning machine (RELM) is utilized as the fundamental soft sensor model. To better capture distinguished characteristics in multiple recipes and operating modes, a just‐in‐time RELM modeling method is developed. The number of hidden neurons and the value of regularization parameter of the just‐in‐time RELM model can be efficiently selected using a fast leave‐one‐out strategy. Consequently, without the time‐consuming laboratory analysis process, the Mooney viscosity can be online predicted once a mixing batch has been discharged. The industrial Mooney viscosity prediction results show its better prediction performance in comparison with traditional approaches. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45391.
Incorporation of benzothiadiazole moiety at junction of polyfluorene–polytriarylamime block copolymer for effective color tuning in organic light emitting diode
Authors: Kim Kyusun , Inagaki Yohei , Kanehashi Shinji , Ogino Kenji 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTBlock copolymer consisting of polyfluorene and polytriarylamine with benzothiadiazole moiety at the junction is prepared in order to obtain an orange emitting polymer via Suzuki‐Miyaura followed by Buchwald‐Hartwig coupling reactions. Electroluminescent device fabricated with resulting block copolymer exhibit only orange emission, although slight blue emission is observed in the fluorescent spectrum for the thin film, indicating that benzothiadiazole part plays a role of an effective trap site. Devices based on polyfluorene homopolymer doped with block copolymer (10 wt %) or an orange emitting model compound at the corresponding content of benzotiadiazole unit are also fabricated. The device with the model compound exhibits orange emission with Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (CIE) coordinate of (0.58, 0.42), whereas that with block copolymer pale orange with the coordinate of (0.44, 0.38). This fact is probably due to the preferential distribution of block copolymer at the vicinity of anode via hydrophilic interaction of trioxyethylene side chains with poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate). © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45393.
Dendrimer‐Based Signal Amplification of Click‐Labelled DNA in Situ
Authors: Raddaoui Nada , Stazzoni Samuele , Möckl Leonhard , Viverge Bastien , Geiger Florian , Engelke Hanna , Bräuchle Christoph , Carell Thomas 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe in vivo incorporation of alkyne‐modified bases into the genome of cells is today the basis for the efficient detection of cell proliferation. Cells are grown in the presence of ethinyl‐dU (EdU), fixed and permeabilised. The incorporated alkynes are then efficiently detected by using azide‐containing fluorophores and the CuI‐catalysed alkyne–azide click reaction. For a world in which constant improvement in the sensitivity of a given method is driving diagnostic advancement, we developed azide‐ and alkyne‐modified dendrimers that allow the establishment of sandwich‐type detection assays that show significantly improved signal intensities and signal‐to‐noise ratios far beyond that which is currently possible.
Oxidation of Cyclohexene in the Presence of Transition‐Metal‐Substituted Phosphotungstates and Hydrogen Peroxide: Catalysis and Reaction Pathways
Authors: Song Yuexiao , Xin Feng , Zhang Lexiang , Wang Yong 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHomogeneous catalytic oxidations of cyclohexene by transition‐metal‐substituted phosphotungstates [PW11M(L)O39]m− (PW11M, M=CoII, CuII, FeIII, NiII, MnII, L=H2O or absence) with hydrogen peroxide in acetonitrile were experimentally studied. The catalytic activities of allylic oxidation were found to strongly depend on the transition metals, and PW11Co showed the highest activity. The product distribution and the catalyst stability were dominated by mole ratio of hydrogen peroxide to PW11M, whereby low or high mole ratios led to stable structure of PW11M and predominant formation of allylic oxidation products or decomposition of PW11M, respectively. Different from the activation of the allylic C−H bond by radicals, the oxidation of C=C double bond was based on tungsten‐peroxo species. A reaction mechanism composed of radical and nonradical processes was proposed from NMR, EPR, and kinetic data, to describe the reaction pathways of cyclohexene oxidation.
A Truncated Molecular Star
Authors: Prusty Soumyakanta , Yazaki Kohei , Yoshizawa Michito , Chand Dillip Kumar 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA pentanuclear coordination complex assembled from any palladium(II) component and non‐chelating ligands is hitherto unreported. The pentanuclear complex [Pd5(L1)5(L2)5](BF4)10, 1 reported here was prepared by the spontaneous complexation of [Pd(DMSO)4](BF4)2 with the non‐chelating bidentate ligands 1,4‐phenylenebis(methylene) diisonicotinate, L1 and 4,4′‐bipyridine, L2 in a one‐pot method at room temperature. The planar polycyclic complex 1 with outer diameters of ≈3 nm is termed as a “molecular star” owing to its resemblance with a pentagram shape. Interim paths leading to the star were also probed to decipher related dynamics of the system.
Tandem In Situ Monitoring for Quantitative Assessment of Mechanochemical Reactions Involving Structurally Unknown Phases
Authors: Lukin Stipe , Stolar Tomislav , Tireli Martina , Blanco Maria Valeria , Babić Darko , Friščić Tomislav , Užarević Krunoslav , Halasz Ivan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe report herein quantitative in situ monitoring by simultaneous PXRD and Raman spectroscopy of the mechanochemical reaction between benzoic acid and nicotinamide, affording a rich polymorphic system with four new cocrystal polymorphs, multiple phase transformations, and a variety of reaction pathways. After observing polymorphs by in situ monitoring, we were able to isolate and characterize three of the four polymorphs, most of which are not accessible from solution. Relative stabilities among the isolated polymorphs at ambient conditions were established by slurry experiments. Using two complementary methods for in situ monitoring enabled quantitative assessment and kinetic analysis of each studied mechanochemical reaction, even when involving unknown crystal structures, and short‐lived intermediates. In situ Raman monitoring was introduced here also as a standalone laboratory technique for quantitative assessment of mechanochemical reactions and understanding of mechanochemical reactivity. Our results provide an important step toward a complete and high‐throughput quantitative approach to mechanochemical reaction kinetics and mechanisms, necessary for the development of the mechanistic framework of milling reactions.
Discovery of wtRET and V804MRET Inhibitors: From Hit to Lead
Authors: Mologni Luca , Dalla Via Martina , Chilin Adriana , Palumbo Manlio , Marzaro Giovanni 
Published: June 2017

AbstractOncogenic activation of RET kinase has been found in several neoplastic diseases, like medullary thyroid carcinoma, multiple endocrine neoplasia, papillary thyroid carcinoma, and non‐small‐cell lung cancer. Currently approved RET inhibitors were not originally designed to be RET inhibitors, and their potency against RET kinase has not been optimized. Hence, novel compounds able to inhibit both wild‐type RET (wtRET) and its mutants (e.g., V804MRET) are needed. Herein we present the development and the preliminary evaluation of a new sub‐micromolar wtRET/V804MRET inhibitor, N‐(2‐fluoro‐5‐trifluoromethylphenyl)‐N′‐{4′‐[(2′′‐benzamido)pyridin‐4′′‐ylamino]phenyl}urea (69), endowed with a 4‐anilinopyridine structure, starting from our previously identified 4‐anilinopyrimidine hit compound. Profiling against a panel of kinases indicated 69 as a multi cKIT/wtRET/V804MRET inhibitor.
Global and targeted serum metabolic profiling of colorectal cancer progression
Authors: Long Yin , Sanchez‐Espiridion Beatriz , Lin Moubin , White Lindsey , Mishra Lopa , Raju Gottumakkala S. , Kopetz Scott , Eng Cathy , Hildebrandt Michelle A. T. , Chang David W. , Ye Yuanqing , Liang Dong , Wu Xifeng 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUNDPatients with colorectal adenoma polyps (PLPs) are at higher risk for developing colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the development of improved and robust biomarkers to enable the screening, surveillance, and early detection of PLPs and CRC continues to be a challenge. The aim of this study was to identify biomarkers of progression to CRC through metabolomic profiling of human serum samples with a multistage approach.METHODSMetabolomic profiling was conducted with the Metabolon platform for 30 CRC patients, 30 PLP patients, and 30 control subjects, and this was followed by the targeted validation of the top metabolites in an additional set of 50 CRC patients, 50 PLP patients, and 50 controls with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Unconditional multivariate logistic regression models, adjusted for covariates, were used to evaluate associations with PLP and CRC risk.RESULTSFor the discovery phase, 404 serum metabolites were detected, with 50 metabolites showing differential levels between CRC patients, PLP patients, and controls (P for trend < .05). After validation, the 3 top metabolites (xanthine, hypoxanthine, and d‐mannose) were validated: lower levels of xanthine and hypoxanthine and higher levels of d‐mannose were found in PLP and CRC cases versus controls. A further exploratory analysis of metabolic pathways revealed key roles for the urea cycle and caffeine metabolism associated with PLP and CRC risk. In addition, a joint effect of the top metabolites with smoking and a significant interaction with the body mass index were observed. An analysis of the ratio of hypoxanthine levels to xanthine levels indicated an association with CRC progression.CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest the potential utility of circulating metabolites as novel biomarkers for the early detection of CRC. Cancer 2017;123:4066‐74. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Light‐Induced PEGylation and Functionalization of Semiconductor Polymer Dots
Authors: Chen Haobin , Zhou Hua , Men Xiaoju , Sun Kai , Sun Zezhou , Fang Xiaofeng , Wu Changfeng 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA semiconductor polymer with side‐chain oxetane groups was synthesized to form highly fluorescent, functionalized, and ultra‐stable polymer dots (Pdots). A facile light‐induced strategy covalently links functional polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules to polymer dots while simultaneously providing functional groups for bioconjugation. The influence of photo‐crosslinkable side‐chains and PEG molecules on the properties and performance of Pdots was systematically investigated. The Pdots functionalized by photo‐crosslinking show specific labeling and negligible non‐specific binding as compared to non‐functionalized Pdots. The results provide a viable strategy for nanoparticle assembly and functionalization.
Synergism between Naproxen and Rutin in a Mouse Model of Visceral Pain
Authors: Alonso‐Castro Angel Josabad , Rangel‐Velázquez Joceline Estefanía , Isiordia‐Espinoza Mario A. , Villanueva‐Solís Luis Enrique , Aragon‐Martinez Othoniel H. , Zapata‐Morales Juan Ramón 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Preclinical Research

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antinociceptive interaction between naproxen and the glycoside flavonoid, rutin in the acetic acid‐induced writhing test in mice. Naproxen (5, 20, 50, and 100 mg/kg p.o.) or rutin (10, 25, 50, and 100mg/kg p.o.) were administered 60 min before the intraperitoneal administration with acetic acid. The dose‐response curve of each individual compound and the experimental effective dose 50 (ED50) value were obtained to determinate different proportions of the combinations between the two compounds (naproxen‐rutin 1:1, 3:1, and 3:1) in the writhing test. The results indicated a synergistic antinociceptive interaction between two drugs with different mechanism of action, naproxen and rutin in all the combinations. Drug Dev Res 78 : 184–188, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.