bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Longitudinal Association of Being Bullied and Gender with Suicide Ideations, Self‐Harm, and Suicide Attempts from Adolescence to Young Adulthood: A Cohort Study
Authors: Sigurdson Johannes Foss , Undheim Anne Mari , Wallander Jan Lance , Lydersen Stian , Sund Anne Mari 
Published: June 2017

Longitudinal associations between being bullied during adolescence and suicide ideations, self‐harm, and suicide attempts into young adulthood were examined. A large representative sample was examined in 1998 (N = 2,464, MA 13.7), 1999/2000, and 2012 to reassess the outcome measures. At all ages, bullied participants showed more suicide ideation, self‐harm, and suicide attempts, regardless of gender. Bullied females showed a decrease in suicide ideation from adolescence to adulthood, while bullied males showed an increase in suicide attempts in the same time period. Being bullied in adolescence strongly predicts suicidal behavior and self‐harm. Preventive efforts might reduce the risk of later suicidality.
Evolution and human motivation: A fundamental motives framework
Authors: Schaller Mark , Kenrick Douglas T. , Neel Rebecca , Neuberg Steven L. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAn evolutionary perspective on human motivation provides a means of identifying conceptually distinct motivational systems (including motives pertaining to self‐protection, disease avoidance, affiliation, status, mate acquisition, mate retention, and parental care), each of which has unique implications for affect, cognition, and behavior. We provide an illustrative summary of some of these empirically documented implications—including those pertaining to individual differences in chronic motivational tendencies, as well as additional implications that follow from temporary activation of these motivational systems. We also summarize a variety of broader implications—both conceptual and practical—that follow from this framework.
Intergroup emotions and gateway groups: Introducing multiple social identities into the study of emotions in conflict
Authors: Levy Aharon , van Zomeren Martijn , Saguy Tamar , Halperin Eran 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAfter 2 decades of extensive empirical studies on affective intergroup processes, it is now clear that emotional processes play a critical role in the dynamics of intergroup conflict. However, it seems that much of the research in this domain views intergroup relations in a dichotomous manner of pure in‐groups and out‐groups despite the developments in the realm of social identity that suggest otherwise. We here suggest that the incorporation of more complex social identity models into the study of affective social science can not only help to better understand intergroup conflict dynamics but can also offer new possible venues for conflict resolution. Specifically, we claim that the presence of groups with multiple identities, which include both the in‐group's and the out‐group's identity (e.g., biracial groups that encompass both a White and a Black social identity) can impact intergroup emotional processes between the different groups comprising those multiple identities (e.g., between Whites and Blacks). Accordingly, we review recent developments in the literatures of emotion in intergroup conflict and multiple social identity and offer a conceptual integration of the two. Thus, we attempt to enrich the theory in both fields, better explain intergroup conflict, and possibly pave the way for the development of novel conflict resolution methods.
Long‐term Care in Denmark and Lithuania – A Most Dissimilar Case
Authors: Poškutė Virginija , Greve Bent 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBy comparing the systems and development in Lithuania and Denmark, the article probes into differences and similarities in two countries with very different welfare states belonging to different welfare regimes and having very diverse economic and historical development of a specific social policy area – i.e. long‐term care (LTC) for the elderly. Despite differences, there are also similarities in the understanding of what LTC is and could be in the future, given the economic pressure on welfare states. So despite being a country‐based case analysis of a specific social service field, at the outset, seemingly dissimilar, the analysis also shows similarities especially in the expectation of the role of the civil society, and that the elderly will want to stay as long as possible in their own home. There is also expected pressure from demography change, and, especially, a possible pressure on women as they, more often than men, provide informal care and will have a higher risk of living alone when they become elderly. Lastly, the use of rehabilitation and re‐enablement is a central parameter for a possible reduction in the pressure on spending as well as improving quality of life for the elderly.
A metastatic secretory gastric plasmacytoma with aberrantCD3 expression in a dog
Authors: Atherton Matthew J. , Vazquez‐Sanmartin Samantha , Sharpe Sam , Waugh Elspeth M. , Morris Joanna S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA 10‐year‐old crossbred dog was presented with a 6‐week history of hematemesis, melena, anorexia, and lethargy. Clinical evaluation revealed a gastric mass with a regional lymphadenomegaly as well as a monoclonal gammopathy manifesting as hyperglobulinemia. Cytologic and histopathologic analyses were consistent with a round cell neoplasm; neoplastic cells showed nuclear immunoreactivity forMUM1 and diffuse cytoplasmic reactivity forCD3. Polymerase chain reactions performed on fixed and fresh tissue identified a clonal rearrangement with an IgH primer set. An extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) was confirmed by cellular morphology and molecular diagnostics. Following an objective response to chemotherapy, the dog was euthanized 8 months after diagnosis, and a postmortem examination confirmed the clinical findings. This is the first reported case of a monoclonal gammopathy secondary to a gastricEMPcoupled with aberrant expression ofCD3 in an aggressive plasmacytic tumor, and highlights the utility of molecular diagnostics for classifying atypical hemolymphoid neoplasms.
Improving visual observation skills through the arts to aid radiographic interpretation in veterinary practice: A pilot study
Authors: Beck Cathy , Gaunt Heather , Chiavaroli Neville 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRadiographic interpretation is a perceptual and cognitive skill. Recently core veterinary radiology textbooks have focused on the cognitive (i.e., the clinical aspects of radiographic interpretation) rather than the features of visual observation that improve identification of abnormalities. As a result, the skill of visual observation is underemphasized and thus often underdeveloped by trainees. The study of the arts in medical education has been used to train and improve visual observation and empathy. The use of the arts to improve visual observation skills in Veterinary Science has not been previously described. Objectives of this pilot study were to adapt the existing Visual Arts in Health Education Program for medical and dental students at the University of Melbourne, Australia to third year Doctor of Veterinary Medicine students and evaluate their perceptions regarding the program's effects on visual observation skills and confidence with respect to radiographic interpretation. This adaptation took the form of a single seminar given to third year Doctor of Veterinary Medicine students. Following the seminar, students reported an improved approach to radiographic interpretation and felt they had gained skills which would assist them throughout their career. In the year following the seminar, written reports of the students who attended the seminar were compared with reports from a matched cohort of students who did not attend the seminar. This demonstrated increased identification of abnormalities and greater description of the abnormalities identified. Findings indicated that explicit training in visual observation may be a valuable adjunct to the radiology training of Doctor of Veterinary Medicine students.
Approximation sequences to operators on Banach spaces: a rich approach
Authors: Mascarenhas H. , Santos P. A. , Seidel M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCriteria for the stability of finite sections of a large class of convolution type operators on are obtained. In this class, almost all classical symbols are permitted, namely operators of multiplication with functions in having one‐sided limits or slowly oscillating behavior at infinity and convolution operators (as well as Wiener–Hopf and Hankel operators) with combinations of piecewise continuous, slowly oscillating and almost periodic symbols. We use a simpler and more powerful algebraic technique than all previous works: the application of ‐theory together with the rich sequences concept and localization. Beyond stability we study Fredholm theory in sequence algebras. In particular, formulas for the asymptotic behavior of approximation numbers and Fredholm indices are given.
Impact of feedback and monitoring on colonoscopy withdrawal times and polyp detection rates
Authors: Nielsen Amalie Bach , Nielsen Ole Haagen , Hendel Jakob 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundPrevious studies have shown colonoscopy withdrawal time (WT) to be a reliable surrogate indicator for polyp detection rate (PDR) and adenoma detection rate (ADR) in colonoscopy. Our aim was to assess the impact of feedback and monitoring of WT on PDR in routine colonoscopies with long-term follow-up.Materials and methodsA total of 307 colonoscopies were performed in three separate clinical scenarios. First, PDR and WT were recorded without the staff being aware of the specific objective of the study. Before the second scenario, the staff was given interventional information and feedback on WTs and PDRs from the first scenario and was encouraged to aim for a minimum WT of 8 min. Retention of knowledge gained was reassessed in the third scenario 1 year later.ResultsThe PDR in the first two scenarios differed significantly (p<0.01), with a more than 90% increase in PDR after intervention from 22% to 42% (95% CI 1.44 to 4.95), although the mean WT did not change (6.8 vs 7.2 min; p>0.05). The increase in PDR between the first and second scenarios was retained in the third follow-up scenario 1 year later where the WT of both polyp-positive and polyp-negative colonoscopies was found to be longer.ConclusionsPDR almost doubled from the first to the second scenario of a real-life colonoscopy setting, indicating that awareness of WT is crucial. The knowledge gained from this intervention in routine practice was even retained after a year.
A Meta-Analysis of Outcomes After In Situ Reconstructions for Aortic Graft Infection
Authors: Batt Michel , Feugier Patrick , Camou Fabrice , Coffy Amandine , Senneville Eric , Caillon Jocelyne , Calvet Brigitte , Chidiac Christian , Laurent Frederic , Revest Matthieu , Daures Jean Pierre ,   on behalf of the Research Group for Vascular Graft Infection
Published: June 2017

Objective: To confirm the advantage of in situ reconstruction (ISR) over extra-anatomic reconstruction (EAR) for aortic graft infection and determine the most appropriate conduit including autogenous veins, cryopreserved allografts, and synthetic prosthesis (standard, rifampicin of silver polyesters). Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted with rate of mortality, graft occlusion, amputation, and reinfection. A meta-regression was performed with 4 factors: patients’ age, presence of prosthetic-duodenal fistula (PDF), virulent organisms, or nonvirulent organisms. Results: In situ reconstruction over EAR seems to favor all events. For the 5 conduits used for ISR, according to operative mortality, age of the patients looks to have a positive correlation only for silver polyester and no conduit present any advantage in the presence of PDF. Reinfection seems to be not significantly different for the 5 conduits, and only autogenous veins appear to have a positive correlation with infecting organisms. Conclusion: In situ reconstruction may be considered as first-line treatment. Our results suggest that silver polyesters appear to be most appropriate for older patients, and in order to limit reinfection, autogenous veins are probably the most suitable conduit.
Four Night Shifts Have a Degree of Performance Adaptation
Authors: Chang Yu-San , Wu Yu-Hsuan , Chen Hsiang-Lan , Hsu Chung-Yao 
Published: June 2017

Objective: In this case control study, we investigated the process of adaptation to night shift (NS) work and recovery back to a day schedule among nurses working a fast-rotation three-shift schedule. Background: There is limited knowledge of how specific patterns of a fast-rotation shift affect nurses’ performance. Method: The cognitive performance of off-duty nurses (OD; n = 21), those working the first night of an NS (1NS; n = 21) and the last night of two ( n = 21), three ( n = 20), and four (4NS; n = 21) successive NSs were compared. Changes in sleep propensity, cognitive function, and anxiety were compared in the daytime after working four successive NSs followed by 24 hr off (4NS-off; n = 18) and in those off duty. Results: The visual attention task (VAT) of cognitive function was significantly worse in the 1NS group and significantly better on the last night in the 4NS group than in the other NS groups. The nurses in the 4NS-off group were less alert and had poorer VAT performance than the OD group during the daytime. Conclusion: The nurses working on NS experienced a decrease in VAT performance due to acute changes in circadian rhythm but also significant performance adaptation after four consecutive NSs. One off-duty day was insufficient to recover back to a daytime shift after four consecutive NSs. Application: In a fast-rotation three-shift schedule, performance adaptation occurred in the nurses who worked four consecutive NSs, and more than one off-duty day are needed to recover back to daytime shift after those NSs.
Kinetic modelling of [11C]PBR28 for 18 kDa translocator protein PET data: A validation study of vascular modelling in the brain using XBD173 and tissue analysis
Authors: Veronese Mattia , Reis Marques Tiago , Bloomfield Peter S , Rizzo Gaia , Singh Nisha , Jones Deborah , Agushi Erjon , Mosses Dominic , Bertoldo Alessandra , Howes Oliver , Roncaroli Federico , Turkheimer Federico E 
Published: June 2017

The 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is a marker of microglia activation in the central nervous system and represents the main target of radiotracers for the in vivo quantification of neuroinflammation with positron emission tomography (PET). TSPO PET is methodologically challenging given the heterogeneous distribution of TSPO in blood and brain. Our previous studies with the TSPO tracers [11C]PBR28 and [11C]PK11195 demonstrated that a model accounting for TSPO binding to the endothelium improves the quantification of PET data. Here, we performed a validation of the kinetic model with the additional endothelial compartment through a displacement study. Seven subjects with schizophrenia, all high-affinity binders, underwent two [11C]PBR28 PET scans before and after oral administration of 90 mg of the TSPO ligand XBD173. The addition of the endothelial component provided a signal compartmentalization much more consistent with the underlying biology, as only in this model, the blocking study produced the expected reduction in the tracer concentration of the specific tissue compartment, whereas the non-displaceable compartment remained unchanged. In addition, we also studied TSPO expression in vessels using 3D reconstructions of histological data of frontal lobe and cerebellum, demonstrating that TSPO positive vessels account for 30% of the vascular volume in cortical and white matter.
Influence of Chemotherapy Within 30 Days Before ICU Admission on Mortality in Critically Ill Medical Patients With Cancer
Authors: Calderón-Pelayo Ricardo , León Pilar , Monedero Pablo , Calderón-Breñosa Pilar , Vives Marc , Panadero Alfredo 
Published: June 2017

Background: The main objective was to determine whether the administration of chemotherapy (CT) during the month before intensive care unit (ICU) admission of medical patients with cancer influences the survival rate. The design was a single-institution observational cohort study in an ICU of a tertiary university hospital. Methods: Our cohort included 248 oncology patients admitted to the ICU from 2005 to 2014 due to nonsurgical problems. Seventy-six (30.6%) patients had received CT in the month before admission (CT group) and 172 did not receive CT (control group). The main outcome measures were ICU, hospital, 30-day, 90-day, and 1-year mortalities. We performed survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier estimator, comparing both groups using the log-rank test, and multivariate analysis using Cox regression adjusted for gender, age, maximum Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), and delta maximum SOFA to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and their respective 95% confidence intervals. This association was also evaluated by a graphic representation of survival. Results: The CT group presented an ICU mortality rate of 27.6% versus 25.5% in the control group. The multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, and delta maximum SOFA showed significant differences between the groups (HR: 2.12; P = .009). The hospital mortality rate was 55.3% in the CT group compared to 45.4% in the control group (adjusted HR: 1.81; P = .003). At 30 days, the mortality rate was 56.6% in the CT group compared to 46.5% in the control group (adjusted HR: 1.69; P = .008). Mortality at 90 days was 65.8% in the CT group versus 59.9% in the control group (adjusted HR: 1.47; P = .03). One-year mortality was also higher in the CT group (79% vs 72.7%, adjusted HR: 1.44; P = .02). Conclusion: The administration of CT in the month before ICU admission in patients with cancer was associated with higher mortality in the ICU, in the hospital, and 30 and 90 days after admission when adjusted for the increase in organ failure measured by delta maximum SOFA. We provide useful new information for decision-making about ICU management of patients with cancer.
Attitudes and Expectations in the Intergenerational Transmission of Breastfeeding: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Rodriguez Vazquez Rocío , Losa-Iglesias Marta Elena , Corral-Liria Inmaculada , Jiménez-Fernández Raquel , Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo Ricardo 
Published: June 2017

Background: The socially constructed meanings of breastfeeding that have been passed from generation to generation by grandmothers produce continuities and discontinuities in the practices of breastfeeding. Research aim: The aim of this study is to explore the objectives and positioning of women today with respect to their role as future grandmothers, based on their experiences with breastfeeding. That is, what role do future grandmothers wish to have in the lives of their breastfeeding daughters and grandchildren? Methods: A qualitative study with interpretative phenomenological analysis was conducted based on the philosophy of Martin Heidegger, using a sample of unstructured interviews from 20 women in Madrid. The data were analyzed using the steps of interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results: Among the women who desired to have a supportive role for their future breastfeeding daughters and daughters-in-law, three emergent themes were identified that aimed at being supportive but remaining flexible and respecting their autonomy: “I’ll give you what I didn’t have,” “the well-being of my daughter/daughter-in-law,” and “seeking professional help.” Two additional themes were identified that show the desire of these women to be present during this stage of family development and the lifecycle: “my role in the family” and “continuing to share.” Conclusion: Future grandmothers desire to be involved in their daughters and daughters-in-law breastfeeding experience through flexibility and support and with the use of specialized and personalized professional help. In addition, future grandmothers desire to be valued and included in the vital process of breastfeeding.
Kaposi Sarcoma Associated With Iatrogenic Immunosuppression: A Rare Complication of Bullous Pemphigoid Treatment
Authors: Tremblay Catherine , Friedmann Dominique 
Published: June 2017

Background: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune bullous disease requiring immunosuppressive therapy. Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative tumor associated with the opportunistic viral infection human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8). It is a well-known condition associated with longstanding human immunodeficiency virus infection, but it may also occur in the context of iatrogenic immunosuppression. Objective: Although a rare complication, all dermatologists dealing with immunosuppressors must be aware and have a high index of suspicion when a patient presents with rapidly progressive violaceous papules. Methods and Results: We describe an Italian male patient treated for bullous pemphigoid with topical and systemic corticosteroids and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) who developed multifocal cutaneous KS after a few months of therapy. Conclusion: To our knowledge, KS onset associated with MMF and corticosteroids intake for BP treatment has not been reported previously. KS associated with iatrogenic immunosuppression can have an aggressive course, and it must be promptly recognised since cessation of immunosuppression therapy can lead to complete resolution. Immune restoration is the key to control this viral infection.
Linguistic and reading comprehension in simultaneous dual language instruction: Evidence against unitary constructs
Authors: Savage Robert , Pace Adriana 
Published: June 2017

Aims and Objectives/Purpose/Research Questions: This paper describes a study investigating the relationships between reading and listening comprehension in a simultaneous dual language instruction context. We explored whether listening and reading comprehension are unitary constructs across the first language (L1) and the second language (L2). Design/Methodology/Approach: Listening comprehension and reading comprehension measures were administered twice over a school year in English and French. Data and Analysis: Stepwise regression analyses were undertaken with 206 typical children in grade 4 classrooms in French Immersion programs. Findings/Conclusions: Analyses showed listening comprehension in the L1 and listening comprehension in the L2 both independently predicted reading comprehension concurrently. Reading comprehension in the L1 and reading comprehension in the L2 both predicted reading comprehension in the L1 and L2 longitudinally and symmetrically within, as well as across, home language groups. Originality and Significance/Implications: Findings suggest that listening comprehension and reading comprehension are not unitary constructs and possibly suggest synergistic recruitment of distinct L1 and L2 listening comprehension and reading comprehension resources in dual language comprehension, as suggested by the Development Interdependence Hypothesis. Both dual language policy and school-based practices might be enhanced through collaborative planning and activities that support this natural interdependence of component reading processes across languages, while also being aware that language comprehension abilities may not be at comparable levels across L1s and L2s by grade 4 in immersion contexts.