bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical study of turbulent forced convection in a finned tube with and without CuO nano fluid
Authors: Abbood Sahar A. , Sunden Bengt Ake 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to carry out a numerical investigation to study forced convection for a tube with fins on the inner and outer surfaces with water as the base fluid and adding particles of CuO to have a nanofluid.

Design/methodology/approach
Three geometries are designed by using Solid Works and the number of inside fins is 20 with height 6 mm and thickness 1 mm. The number of outside fins is 20 with height 12 mm and thickness 1 mm. The length of the tube is 1,000 mm and the inner and outer diameter is 26 and 28 mm, respectively. The annular diameter is 60 mm. The geometries are imported to Gambit where the mesh is chosen and the boundary conditions are specified. The commercial software package Fluent version 14.0 has been used to numerically solve the governing equations for the three cases.

Findings
The temperature contours for the three models at different air velocities, i.e., 5, 7.5 and 10 m/s and water velocities 0.8, 1 and 3 m/s have been investigated. The enhancement of heat transfer by using CuO nanoparticles has been investigated at different nanofluid concentrations.

Originality/value
In this paper, a numerical study is presented to analyze internal and external longitudinal finned tubes with water inside and air outside, with and without nano CuO particles.
Unsteady free convection flow past a periodically accelerated vertical plate with Newtonian heating
Authors: Raju M.C. , Varma S.V.K. , Chamkha A.J. 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present an analytical study for a problem of unsteady free convection boundary layer flow past a periodically accelerated vertical plate with Newtonian heating (NH).

Design/methodology/approach
The equations governing the flow are studied in the closed form by using the Laplace transform technique. The effects of various physical parameters are studied through graphs and the expressions for skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are also derived and discussed numerically.

Findings
It is observed that velocity, concentration and skin friction decrease with the increasing values of Sc whereas temperature distribution decreases in the increase in Pr in the presence of NH.

Research limitations/implications
This study is limited to a Newtonian fluid. This can be extended for non-Newtonian fluids.

Practical implications
Heat and mass transfer frequently occurs in chemically processed industries, distribution of temperature and moisture over agricultural fields, dispersion of fog and environment pollution and polymer production.

Social implications
Free convection flow of coupled heat and mass transfer occurs due to the temperature and concentration differences in the fluid as a result of driving forces. For example, in atmospheric flows, thermal convection resulting from heating of the earth by sunlight is affected differences in water vapor concentration.

Originality/value
The authors have studied heat and mass transfer effects on unsteady free convection boundary layer flow past a periodically accelerated vertical surface with NH, where the heat transfer rate from the bounding surface with a finite heat capacity is proportional to the local surface temperature, and which is usually termed as conjugate convective flow. The equations governing the flow are studied in the closed form by using the Laplace transform technique. The effects of various physical parameters are studied through graphs and the expression for skin friction also derived and discussed.
Influence of Cattaneo-Christov heat flux in flow of an Oldroyd-B fluid with variable thermal conductivity
Authors: Abbasi Fahad Munir , Shehzad Sabir Ali , Hayat T. , Alsaedi A. , Hegazy A. 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to introduce the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model for an Oldroyd-B fluid.

Design/methodology/approach
Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model is utilized for the heat transfer analysis instead of Fourier’s law of heat conduction. Analytical solutions of nonlinear problems are computed.

Findings
The authors found that the temperature is decreased with an increase in relaxation time of heat flux but temperature gradient is enhanced.

Originality/value
No such analysis exists in the literature yet.
Aerodynamic and acoustic analysis of helicopter main rotor blade tips in hover
Authors: Garipova Lyaysan Ildusovna , Batrakov Andrei Sergeevich , Kusyumov Alexander Nikolaevich , Mikhaylov Sergey Anatolievich , Barakos George 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The design of main rotor blade tips is of interest to helicopter manufactures since the tip details affect the performance and acoustics of the rotor. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, computation fluid dynamics is used to simulate the flow around hovering helicopter blades with different tip designs. For each type of blade tip a parametric study on the shape is also conducted for comparison calculations were performed the constant rotor thrust condition. The collective pitch and the cone angles of the blades were determined by at an iterative trimming process.

Findings
Analysis of the distributed blade loads shows that the tip geometry has a significant influence on aerodynamics and aeroacoustics especially for stations where blade loading is high.

Originality/value
The aeroacoustic characteristics of the rotors were obtained using Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings equations.
Cooling of a heating cylinder by confined impacting air jets
Authors: Chauchat Nicolas , Schall Eric , Mory Mathieu , de la Llave Plata Marta , Couaillier Vincent G. 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate a new cooling process of a heated cylinder with confined impacting air jet.

Design/methodology/approach
To do this the authors used experience-numerical and numerical-numerical comparisons. The experimental facility, designed and built at the Pau University, consists in air jets impacting around a heated circular cylinder. As the inlet velocity magnitude is low (Vin=4.37 m/s – Machin=0.0125), using a compressible solver for numerical simulations presents a number of difficulties. For this low Mach number configuration, the authors compare the performance of three different solvers in this paper. Two of them are compressible, one based on the finite volume approach and the other on a discontinuous Galerkin method, and the third one is an incompressible solver. Some of the numerical results are compared to experimental data.

Findings
Comparisons between the results from 3D and 2D computations support the relevance of 2D models. Some of the numerical results are compared to experimental data.

Research limitations/implications
The confined aspect of the set-up reduces experimental measurement to intrusive measures. It should be noted that the temperature measurement given by thermocouples is always considered as “global” or “average”.

Originality/value
Future aircraft technology will increasingly rely on electrical power. The substitution of mechanical energy by electrical energy will lead to an increasing amount of heat power that need be evacuated. Innovative cooling processes have to be set up according to constraints imposed by the technological design.
Equalisation and civic duty in Keynesian social democracy
Authors: Hatta Koji 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse Charles Anthony Raven Crosland and Thomas Humphrey Marshall’s respective theories of equalisation and civic duty, and assesses the ethical criticisms made against these theories. Many of the ethical criticisms levelled against Crosland and Marshall argue that their theories focused exclusively on equalisation and social rights. In taking a morally neutral position, they neglected the duties that should be performed by citizens. This paper assesses the force of these ethical criticisms.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper begins by identifying the cardinal points of Crosland and Marshall’s theories of equalisation and the duties that should be performed by citizens. The author ask whether it is reasonable to conclude that they took morally neutral positions and neglected these duties. The author then explore and assess the critique levied against Crosland and Marshall.

Findings
Crosland took a passive stance on the intervention of the government in civic morality and did not develop a discussion of the duties that ought to be performed by citizens. Thus, in some respects, he cannot avoid the ethical criticism that he took a morally neutral position and neglected civic duty. Marshall did not discuss only equalisation and social rights, but also considered the duties that ought to be performed by citizens. Consequently, it is concluded that the ethical criticism of his theory is not valid.

Originality/value
The paper makes an original contribution in the understanding of three areas: Crosland’s moral neutrality, Marshall’s discussion on civic duty, and the ethical criticism of Keynesian social democracy.
Investigating Islamic banking in Italy
Authors: Gimigliano Gabriella 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the existing body of work in the area of Islamic banking by investigating the regulatory accommodation process of Islamic banking in Italy.

Design/methodology/approach
The method used is essentially based upon an analysis of laws, regulations and jurisprudence/legal doctrine.

Findings
In Italy, where Muslim represent, from a religious point of view, the second largest immigrant community, no Shari’a-compliant institution has been authorised yet, but no legal obstacle is laid down.

Research limitations/implications
The paper examines the accommodation process of Shari’a-compliant banking within the Italian system of banking and business law. Therefore, the paper is mainly based on the Italian jurisprudence/legal doctrine. Moreover, no comprehensive analysis of Islamic banking principles is provided.

Practical implications
The paper, investigating the accommodation process of Islamic banking in the Italian banking system, shows any legal and regulatory obstacles refraining Muslims living in Italy from living according to Islam and complying with the general regulation of undertakings.

Originality/value
Examination of the topic is originally undertaken because the investigation of Islamic banking in the Italian legal framework matches the business-based approach with the cultural-based approach as complementary analyses.
The feasibility of adopting Islamic Banking system under the existing laws in Uganda
Authors: Lujja Sulaiman , Mohammad Mustafa Omar , Hassan Rusni Bt. , Oseni Umar A. 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
In 2014, Islamic finance assets are estimated to have exceeded US$2 trillion with over 100 products and an annual growth of over 20.7 per cent, across more than 76 countries, most of which are members of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). Despite this remarkable market expansion, numerous OIC members such as Uganda are yet to fully adopt this unique financial system because of regulatory constraints. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which Uganda can benchmark the Malaysian experience and best practices to overcome the regulatory challenges in introducing Islamic Banking.

Design/methodology/approach
This exploratory study adopts qualitative research methods through documentary review to elicit relevant information from the existing laws in Uganda that would accommodate the Islamic Banking system. Interpretive analysis and analytical methods are used to analyze data.

Findings
The Malaysian experience and best practices of Islamic Banking regulation need to be benchmarked by regulators. Relevant laws which require some amendments include section 37(a) and 38(1) of the Financial Institutions Act 2004 and section 29(3)(a) of the Bank of Uganda Act 2000. Similarly, tax legislation needs amendments to ensure a level playing field for Islamic finance and conventional finance products.

Originality/value
This is one of the earliest studies on models of Islamic Banking regulation suitable for adoption in Uganda. This study contributes to literature on how other jurisdictions (especially those with less regulatory prudence) could regulate Islamic Banking in a dual banking system jurisdiction.
IPO underpricing in the insurance industry and the effect of Sharia compliance
Authors: Boulanouar Zakaria , Alqahtani Faisal 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the existence of underpricing in the cooperative insurance sector in the Saudi Arabian market and to examine whether Sharia compliance requirements have an impact on the level of underpricing.

Design/methodology/approach
Underpricing and the effect of Sharia compliance are analysed using a comprehensive sample of 33 insurance companies with data collected between 2007 and 2013, after taking into account market movements, as well as some factors well-known in the literature.

Findings
The authors find that underpricing not only exists but also is among the highest in the world (455 per cent), which contradicts the literature on initial public offerings (IPOs)’ pricing in highly regulated sectors. In light of one of the other findings of the authors, namely, the small number of insurance underwriters, the authors attribute these very high levels of underpricing in part to the monopsony power of insurance underwriters in Saudi Arabia. Regarding the Sharia compliance effect, they find that it does not significantly reduce the underpricing of insurance offerings. The authors interpret this as the fact that Sharia status might not be taken into account by underwriters when they price the offerings of insurance companies, due to a major drawback in the implementing regulations of cooperative insurance which have been highly criticised by practitioners.

Research limitations/implications
Future research should try to include more factors that might explain the underpricing and its determinants. Two important recommendations flowing from this study for regulatory and supervisory institutions are the need to improve disclosure and transparency conditions and to work towards reducing the monopsony power enjoyed by the underwriters. As for Sharia effect, the Saudi central bank should resolve the issue of Sharia compliance by adopting one of the Sharia-friendly models suggested by Islamic finance scholars, such as wakala or mudaraba.

Originality/value
To the best of authors’ knowledge, this paper is among the first to offer empirical evidence of the impact of Sharia compliance on the initial return of the IPOs of cooperative insurance firms.
Developing an autism specific framework for forensic case formulation
Authors: Shine John , Cooper-Evans Samantha 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to outline the initial development of a framework to assist in clinical case formulation for individuals diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) who have been convicted of violent and other offences.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed framework obtains information on the presence of ASD features from an individual’s developmental history, index offence and offence paralleling behaviours. Through obtaining information across these three domains the framework helps the practitioner make an informed assessment of the possible contribution of ASD to offending.

Findings
The framework aims to assist the practitioner to develop a clinical formulation based on hypothesised linkages between these domains for use in forensic assessment reports and to aid treatment planning. The use of the proposed framework is illustrated through a reference formulation based on a fictive case example.

Research limitations/implications
The framework is still in the early stages of development and has not been tested. The next stage is to utilise case information data to assess the validity of the items. This does not preclude the use of the framework by practitioners as an aid to generating clinical hypotheses about the possible link between autism and offending as the development of the tool has been informed by research on ASD and offending.

Practical implications
The framework may be used in conjunction with structured professional judgement tools. For example, the recently published third version of the HCR-20 includes pervasive developmental disorders as a historical risk item. This possible relevance of this item in terms of forensic risk could be presented using information obtained from the framework outlined in this paper. This in turn could be used to inform the formulation section of the HCR-20 and in the generation of treatment plans. In the longer term, the framework may help inform our understanding of possible relationships between violence risk and ASD and therefore aid effective assessment and treatment planning.

Social implications
In the longer term, the framework may help inform our understanding of possible relationships between violence risk and ASD and therefore aid effective assessment and treatment planning.

Originality/value
Although there is an emergent body of research on ASD and offending this has not yet been translated into a tool to help practitioners. This paper sets out an approach to do this and therefore makes an original contribution to the literature.
What kind of support and training do junior qualified nurses working with women with learning disabilities in a secure setting require when dealing with violence and aggression?
Authors: Goulding Helen , Riordan Sharon A. 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the perceived needs of junior nurses working with women with learning disabilities in a secure setting who display violence and aggression; and to contribute to this specialised area of research and to identify potential areas for further post registration education.

Design/methodology/approach
The study adopted a qualitative design using thematic analysis. Initial questionnaires were distributed and the results analysed in order to form initial themes. These initial themes were then used to carry out a one-off focus group and this was transcribed verbatim and then analysed using Braun and Clarke thematic analysis to develop final themes.

Findings
The findings identified a need for staff to be able to access effective immediate support following incidents of violence and aggression and support be offered within a clear structured environment. Staff indicated that peer supervision be made available and that they also receive adequate education relating to gender specific issues and the use of seclusion.

Research limitations/implications
The research had several limitations. These included a small sample size which was also largely self-selected. Bias may have to be acknowledged in respect of completion of questionnaires depending on their view of participation and what they might be contributing to. Despite this the results do raise further questions such as staff decision making around the use of seclusion.

Practical implications
Implications centred around the organisation’s delivery of education to staff in relation to the clinical decision-making skills they require in order to effectively support women with learning disabilities who display violent and/or aggressive behaviour. The study also has implications for potential supervision structures currently offered within these services.

Originality/value
This paper fulfils a need to explore services for women with a learning disability further and how services can be shaped using current perspective and up to date research in line with recent policy, e.g. Corston Report (Home Office, 2007).
Treating online inappropriate sexualised behaviour
Authors: Chandler Robert J. , Swift Charlotte , Goodman Wendy 
Published: September 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the use of cognitive behavioural approaches to treat a gentleman with a learning disability who had been reported to the police for allegedly making contact with children using social media in an attempt to initiate a romantic relationship using a single case design.Design/methodology/approachAn 11 session cognitive behavioural intervention was employed, comprising of index offence analysis, challenging distorted cognitions related to the offence, developing an internal focus for responsibility and psychoeducation with regards to “staying safe” online.FindingsFollow up data demonstrated no improvements in victim empathy, nor in agreement ratings in terms of key cognitions associated with responsibility for offending behaviour.Research limitations/implicationsWhilst treatment efficacy was not established, this case study raises important questions that go beyond the single case design. Whilst the gentleman reported becoming “safer” in terms of initiating contact with unknown people via social media, this could not be substantiated, and is indicative of the cardinal difficulty of monitoring online recidivism. Generalisability of findings to the wider learning disability population is limited by a single case design.Originality/valueThis is the first published case study to the authors knowledge to evaluate cognitive behavioural approaches to reduce antisocial internet related behaviour in a forensic learning disability setting. Findings of considered within the context of the concept of minimisation of offending behaviour, the concept of “counterfeit deviance”, and also how best to measure therapeutic change within this population.
A comparison of the emotional and behavioural problems of intellectual disability offenders in medium and low security
Authors: Ashworth Sarah , Mooney Paul 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
There are few reliable psychometric measures of the psychopathology of offenders with intellectual disabilities (ID). However, previous research has indicated that the emotional problems scale (EPS) is useful in identifying a range of treatment needs and in predicting risk to self and others. The purpose of this paper is to compare the severity of the emotional and behavioural problems of a small sample of offenders with ID in medium and low secure services, as assessed by EPS. Additionally, the data are tentatively compared with those reported in previous research to precipitate discussion regarding the changes in clinical populations in secure care over time.

Design/methodology/approach
The study collected demographic and EPS data for patients with ID (n=25) on medium secure and a low secure wards. Data were collected as part of routine clinical practice, with EPS forms being completed by nursing and other multi-disciplinary staff.

Findings
It was found that there was no statistically significant difference in EPS scores between medium and low secure patients with ID. The authors also highlight differences between the current sample and the normative data collected by previous research.

Originality/value
The data regarding the psychopathology of medium and low secure patients with ID provide insight into the ever changing resourcing needs and risk profiles of this complex patient group. In addition, there is a dearth of empirical research that comments on the clinical differences observed over time in forensic populations. As the current data differ from pre-existing normative data, the potential shift in populations and also implications for the accuracy of clinical decision making based on the assessment are discussed.