bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Peripheral Venous Pressure Measurements to Evaluate Congestion in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Coşkun mükremin , Evlice Mert , yıldırım abdullah , çetin abdullah eren , paçacı emre , sezici emre , coşkun halil , kurt ibrahim halil 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Right atrial pressure (RAP) is an important prognostic criterion in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Elevated mean RAP measured by cardiac catheterization is an independent risk factor for mortality. Accurate bedside assessment of congestion in the management of patients with PH remains challenging. As a continuous conduit of circulating fluid, systemic congestion represented by high RAP may be reflected by peripheral venous pressure (PVP). We evaluated the reliability of PVP measurements for assessing congestion beyond conventional clinical assessments.
Methods
We performed conventional congestion assessments and PVP measurements in 138 patients undergoing right heart catheterization. PVP was measured via the 22-gauge peripheral venous access placed in the upper extremity.
Results
The mean RAP and PVP were 8.7 ± 4.2 mmHg and 10.7 ± 4.3 mmHg, respectively. PVP exhibited a strong linear correlation with RAP (Pearson r = 0.839; p < 0.001). PVP demonstrated significant discriminatory power for both RAP < 8 mmHg (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.91 [95% confidence interval: 0.86–0.96]; sensitivity: 72%; specificity: 94% cut-off: 8.5mmHg) and RAP ≥ 12 mmHg (AUC: 0.92 [0.87–0.97]; sensitivity: 82%; specificity: 89% cut-off: 12.5mmHg).
Conclusions
PVP measured via peripheral venous access strongly correlates with invasively obtained RAP. PVP measurements may improve current bedside assessments of congestion.
The Analysis of Causes for Higher Soil Fungal Diversity in Shrubs Compared to Trees in Alpine Forests
Authors: Xudong Li 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the causes of higher soil fungal diversity in shrubs compared to trees in alpine forests. Although numerous studies have shown a positive correlation between fungal diversity and temperature, shrub soil in alpine forests exhibits greater fungal diversity despite low temperatures. By analyzing soil samples from different vegetation types in alpine forests and utilizing paired-end sequencing of community DNA fragments with Illumina technology, the results demonstrate that soil fungal diversity and abundance under shrubs are significantly higher than those under trees (P < 0.05). This suggests that alpine shrubs exert a stronger promoting effect on soil fungal community diversity. Further analysis indicates that this difference may be closely related to the distinctive characteristics of shrub litter and root exudates. This study provides a new perspective on the interactions between vegetation and soil microorganisms in alpine ecosystems and offers valuable insights for ecological restoration and soil management practices.
Exposing the Obscured Influence of State-Controlled Media via Causal Inference of Quotation Propagation
Authors: Schlessinger Joseph , Bennet Richard , Coakwell Jacob , Smith Steven , Kao Edward 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Reporting by major media outlets influences news coverage by other outlets, resulting in an outsized impact on public opinion. Understanding this inter-outlet influence, known as intermedia agenda setting, is important for assessing the impact of state media and strategic communications. We demonstrate a novel method to quantify inter-outlet influence using causal inference on "quote following," where one outlet uses the same quote as another outlet at a later date. By applying our methodology to a dataset of quotes from over 100,000 articles published in European media between May 2018 and October 2019, we reveal obscured influence by Russian state-affiliated media over other outlets and the general dynamics of European media. We find that Russian state-controlled media have a strong influence on the coverage of other Russian outlets, including independent outlets. Moreover, this influence extends to media ecosystems of other countries. Finally, we demonstrate quantifying inter-outlet influence on the specific topic of nuclear forces treaty, as an example of precision study of intermedia agenda setting on specific issues. Overall, our methodology quantifies sources and channels of influence between news outlets with important implications for strategic communication, influence operations, and media independence.
Have Commercial Element Colors Damaged the Features of Historic District? — A Case Study of Shiquan Street in SooChow, China
Authors: Wu Yao , Miao MingRui , Ding ZiRong , Wu YongLan , Zhan MengShan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The introduction of modern commercial elements helps to enhance the vitality of historic districts and promote the revitalization of cultural heritage. However, in order to attract tourists and consumers, modern commercial elements often use bright colors with high saturation, which are in strong contrast with the color tone and features of traditional buildings in historic districts. Therefore, it is of great significance to evaluate whether commercial elements have damaged the historical landscape and propose optimization strategies. Taking the main street of Shiquan Street in SooChow as the object, evaluation was made to the color harmony of commercial elements, which identified the negative colors that had a negative impact on the landscape, and proposal was made for the colors to maintain the features of the historic district. The Mask2Former image semantic segmentation based on VIT model was used to accurately segment commercial elements attached to historic buildings, and 48 negative color centers that affected historical features were identified in accordance with the International Commission on Illumination CIE2000 standard. Meanwhile, based on traditional Chinese colors, a large number of color codes suitable for commercial elements in historic districts were selected. The research results show that Mask2Former semantic segmentation can accurately segment commercial elements and evaluate their color harmony, providing guidance for optimizing the commercial element colors in historic districts. Taking color as the starting point, this study explores long-term strategies for cultural heritage protection in the context of commercialization, ensuring effective maintenance of the color features of historic districts in the global commercialization process.
Unveiling the Dual Role of Biocolonization: A Case Study on the Deterioration and Preservation of Sandstone Monuments in Leshan Giant Buddha, China
Authors: Zhu Chengshuai , wang Bowen , Liu Zhengdong , Guo Yifei , Zheng Linting , Zhang Bingjian , Hu Yulan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

For large, open-air lithic cultural heritage, colonization is an inevitable process. This study examines the dual impact of colonization on the Leshan Giant Buddha's sandstone monuments, focusing on both biodeterioration and protection. Over three years, we conducted field surveys and monitored biocrusts (bryophytes, lichens, and biofilms) on these monuments, observing significant biodeterioration primarily due to mechanical exfoliation and acid corrosion. To assess the potential of biota in conserving sandstone monuments, we replicated biotic crust colonization on laboratory sandstone samples. In the laboratory, we observed biomineral formation, primarily calcium carbonate, on the rock specimen surfaces after two years. Comparative analysis with control samples showed that biocolonization notably changed the rock's hydrophobicity, surface hardness, and weight loss, indicating a protective effect. Further analyses using XRD, SEM-EDS, and transcriptomics identified Carbonic Anhydrase as a key enzyme in the biomineralization process. Our findings suggest that under controlled conditions, biocolonization can be steered towards bioprotection, offering new strategies for the in-situ preservation of open-air lithic cultural heritage.
Outcomes of early post-discharge cardio-geriatric care in frail patients after acute heart failure: A before-and-after study
Authors: Okoye Chukwuma , Mazzarone Tessa , Finazzi Alberto , Daniela Guarino , Bruni Adriana Antonella , Maccioni Lorenzo , Pescatore Giulia , Bianco Maria Giovanna , Guerrini Cinzia , Giusti Andrea , Bellelli Giuseppe , Virdis Agostino 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Despite significant advancements in heart failure (HF) management, older adults continue to face poor clinical outcomes. While an integrated, multidisciplinary approach that combines cardiology and geriatric expertise has shown considerable promise, its adoption in practice remains limited. This study aimed to assess whether an early post-discharge Cardio-Geriatric (CG) outpatient service could reduce 1-year mortality compared to usual care (UC), as well as evaluate its impact on 1-year rehospitalization rates and days alive and out of hospital (DAOH).
Methods
In this single-center, controlled before-and-after study, patients aged ≥ 75 years hospitalized for acute HF were included. In the UC group, patients discharged between January 2018 and December 2019 received standard follow-up with referrals to a cardiologist and general practitioner. In the CG group, patients discharged between January 2020 and December 2022 attended CG ambulatory care within three weeks of discharge. Primary outcomes were one-year all-cause mortality, HF readmissions, and DOAH. The effectiveness of CG follow-up was assessed using a 1:1 propensity score matched (PSM) analysis.
Results
A total of 652 patients (mean age 86 years, 56% female) were included in the study, with 477 receiving UC and 175 referred to CG follow-up. After PSM of 350 patients (50% CG), we observed a significant reduction in 1-year rehospitalizations (36.5% vs. 50.8%, p < 0.001) and mortality (20.0% vs. 40.0%, p < 0.001) in the CG group. CG patients also had nearly double the days alive and out of hospital (DAOH) compared to UC patients (300 ± 100 vs. 162 ± 145 days, p < 0.001). Cox regression analysis confirmed that the CG integrated approach was a protective factor for mortality [HR 0.34, 95% CI: 0.24–0.47]. Respiratory diseases, neurological conditions, and infections were common causes of readmission.
Conclusions
Early referral to a CG outpatients service post-discharge for acute HF significantly improves outcomes, highlighting the value of integrated care for older adults with complex needs.
A spatially resolved whole-layers landscape of bladder cancer deciphers dynamic invasive progression
Authors: Xu Wanhai , Tong Zhichao , Wang Di , Zhao Yubo , Xie Guixiang , Song Hongjian , Li Yaowei , Shi Qing , Su Hang , Zhang Qian , Fan Fengpu , Yang Zongzheng , Wen Feng , Meng Hongxue , Li Haonan , Guo Pengyu , Hou Dayong , Zhang Zhenwei , Yin Zhihao , Liu Ziyi , Wang Jianwei , Zhang Peng , Dai Peng , Li Changfu , Teng Lichen , Xu Yangyang , Hu XiaoWei , Liu Wentao , Ebner Benedikt , Nawroth Roman , DENG Ziqing , Wang Ziqi , Wu Liang , Li Guibo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Cancer invasion is driven by complex interactions between tumor cells and tumor microenvironment (TME), which promote cancer cell plasticity and remodel the TME to support invasive behavior. In bladder cancer, invasion into the muscularis propria reduces the five-year survival rate to below 30%. Despite this clinical significance, the molecular mechanisms underlying bladder cancer invasion remain poorly understood. Current studies predominantly focus on the comparison between non-invasive and invasive tumor tissue, leaving dynamic TME variation largely unexplored. Leveraging the capabilities of spatial information, we integrated Stereo-seq spatial transcriptomics with single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) on whole-layers bladder cancer specimens. These integrated datasets delineated a spatially resolved whole-layers landscape of bladder cancer at single cell resolution, elucidating the localization and function of principle cell types during the invasive process. We discovered a bladder cancer invasive leading structure characterized by EPCAM and KRT17 co-expressing, whose plasticity is induced and maintained through interactions with POSTN+ cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and APOE+ macrophages. Additionally, we uncovered the specific spatial distribution of different CAF subtypes during bladder cancer progression, highlighting their roles in shaping distinct TME. Notably, we revealed a progressive increase in immunosuppressive states from superficial to muscle-invading bladder tumors. Our findings underscore the orchestrated dynamics of bladder cancer progression driven by intricate tumor-stroma interactions within the TME. These insights provide a framework for understanding invasive behavior in other muscle-invasive cancers, guiding future research into shared mechanisms of tumor progression and microenvironmental remodeling.
Potential Movement of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Iraq-the Role of Hyalomma Tick Species and Host Population Dynamics
Authors: Ameen khalis Hammad , Alyousuf Ameen Saleh , Abdulhameed Blesa , Aakef Ihab 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study is a retrospective and descriptive cross-sectional analysis examining demographic and epidemiological data of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) in Iraq, covering suspected and confirmed cases from January 2018 to December 2023. Utilizing data from the Iraq CDC/zoonotic department, 1006 cases were analyzed, and confirmed via Real-time PCR and ELISA tests at the Central Public Health Laboratory. The study highlights the climatic conditions of Iraq, with its semi-arid and semi-tropical climate influencing disease prevalence.
Results indicate a significant gender disparity in CCHFV cases, with 59.4% male and 40.6% female patients, suggesting differing exposure and susceptibility between genders. The age distribution shows higher infection rates among individuals aged 22 to 51, potentially linked to occupational exposure and outdoor activities. A notable increase in reported cases was observed in 2022 and 2023, accounting for 38.0% and 58.6% of total cases, respectively. This surge may be attributed to environmental and socio-economic factors, including climate change, urbanization, and population displacement.
Geographic analysis reveals that provinces like Thiqar, Baghdad, Basra, and Misan report higher case numbers, indicating regional hotspots for CCHFV transmission. Risk factor analysis emphasizes the role of direct contact with raw meat, animal slaughtering, and tick bites as significant contributors to infection. The study also identifies key symptoms associated with poor prognoses, such as bleeding from injection sites, body orifices, and echymosis, which are significantly correlated with higher mortality rates.
These findings underscore the need for targeted public health interventions, including enhanced surveillance, vector control, and public education, particularly in high-risk regions. Understanding the epidemiology and risk factors of CCHFV is crucial for developing effective prevention and control strategies to mitigate the impact of this disease in Iraq.
Whipworm phosphotome identification and analysis: exploring phosphatases as druggable targets
Authors: Rauthan Kanchan , Kumar Sudhir 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation are two essential processes that are used by cells to regulate several cellular mechanisms. While kinases have been in the limelight for several decades owing to their intricate presence in the cell and role in regulation, phosphatases are equally important. This study attempts to identify and classify phosphatases present in the human parasite Triuchuris trichiura (whipworm) to elucidate the diverse and extensive repertoire of phosphatases present in this nematode.
Results
A total of 187 potential phosphatases were identified in T. trichiura based on our search criteria including on uncharacterized protein. These were further sorted into the major phosphatase classes like ser/thr Phosphatases, protein tyrosine phosphatases, Endonuclease/exonuclease phosphatases, pyrophosphatases, alkaline phosphatases, Ppx/GppA phosphatases and their sub-classes. 33 identified phosphatases were classified as non-homologous to humans and 22 were found to be druggable.
Conclusions
Through domain analysis, signature motif identification, and gene ontology-based functional assessment, this study highlights the significant phosphatases of the nematode parasite T. trichiura, which can be further explored as a potent druggable target.
Genome-Wide Association Mapping and Genomic Prediction Analyses Reveal the Genetic Architecture of Grain Yield and Agronomic Traits under Drought and Optimum Conditions in Maize
Authors: Amadu Manigben Kulai , Beyene Yoseph , Chaikam Vijay , Tongoona Pangirayi B. , Danquah Eric Y. , Ifie Beatrice E. , Burgueno Juan , Prasanna Boddupalli M , Gowda Manje 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Drought is a major abiotic stress in sub-Saharan Africa, impacting maize growth and development leading to severe yield loss. Drought tolerance is a complex trait regulated by multiple genes, making direct grain yield selection ineffective. To dissect the genetic architecture of grain yield and flowering traits under drought stress, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on a panel of 236 maize lines testcrossed and evaluated under managed drought and optimal growing conditions in multiple environments using seven multi-locus GWAS models (mrMLM, FASTmrMLM, FASTmrEMMA, pLARmEB, pKWmEB, ISIS EM-BLASSO, and FARMCPU) from mrMLM and GAPIT R packages. Genomic prediction with RR-BLUP model was applied on BLUEs across locations under optimum and drought conditions.
Results
A total of 172 stable and reliable quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) were identified, of which 77 are associated with GY, AD, SD, ASI, PH, EH, EPO and EPP under drought and 95 are linked to GY, AD, SD, ASI, PH, EH, EPO and EPP under optimal conditions, with 17 QTNs explaining over 10% of the phenotypic variation (R2 ≥ 10%). Furthermore, 43 candidate genes were discovered and annotated. Two major candidate genes, Zm00001eb041070 closely associated with grain yield near peak QTN, qGY_DS1.1 (S1_216149215) and Zm00001eb364110 closely related to anthesis-silking interval near peak QTN, qASI_DS8.2 (S8_167256316) were identified, encoding AP2-EREBP transcription factor 60 and TCP-transcription factor 20, respectively under drought stress. Haplo-pheno analysis identified superior haplotypes for qGY_DS1.1 (S1_216149215) associated with the higher grain yield under drought stress. Genomic prediction revealed moderate to high prediction accuracies under optimum and drought conditions.
Conclusion
The lines carrying superior haplotypes can be used as potential donors in improving grain yield under drought stress. Integration of genomic selection with GWAS results leads not only to an increase in the prediction accuracy but also to validate the function of the identified candidate genes as well increase in the accumulation of favorable alleles with minor and major effects in elite breeding lines. This study provides valuable insight into the genetic architecture of grain yield and secondary traits under drought stress.
Annual Incidence of Hip Fractures in Nagasaki, Japan (Trends from 2005 to 2019): A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Umeki Masashi , Koseki Hironobu , Shida Takayuki , Tomonaga Iku , Nishiyama Yuta , Yoshida Daisuke , Yokoo Seiichi , Imai Chieko , Osaki Makoto 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Hip fracture, a major osteoporotic fracture, is associated with a reduced quality of life. This study aimed to assess the current status and features of hip fractures in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan.
Methods
Hip fractures reported in Nagasaki Prefecture between 2005 and 2019 were evaluated based on emergency transportation records. Data on the number of occurrences and incidence were analysed by age, sex, fracture type, month, day of the week, and recognition time to determine the actual situation and risk factors for hip fracture.
Results
The total number of new hip fractures among patients aged ≥ 35 years was 27,331 (mean age, 83.5 years), with the annual incidence per 100,000 persons increasing from 147.7 in 2005 to 237.3 in 2019. Women (79.3%) were more often affected than men (20.7%). Compared with trochanteric fractures, cervical fractures were more common in all age groups. However, the proportion of trochanteric fractures increased annually. Hip fractures tended to be associated with advanced age (≥ 80 years), winter season, and indoor settings. They were more frequent in the living room rather than in the bathroom or toilet on Mondays and during the early hours of the morning. Seven days post-admission, 97.1% of patients were still hospitalised, and 79.7% of the hip fractures had been surgically treated.
Conclusions
Data on the actual situation and characteristics relevant to hip fractures are urgently required for establishing effective preventive measures.
Thermal injury model and temperature threshold prediction of adipocytes during laser lipolysis
Authors: Xin Hui , Deng Chenggang , Fang Yuan , Yu Fangbo , Li Dong , Chen Bin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The selection of laser parameters for laser lipolysis mainly depends on the experience of clinicians. The thermal injury model of adipocytes and threshold temperature of immediate necrosis are not agreed upon. It is necessary to establish thermal injury model of adipocyte and explore the lipolysis dynamics of adipocyte to predict treatment parameters and improve lipolysis effect. In this work, the instant necrosis model for a single adipocyte is constructed on a simplified bilayer model of cortical membrane to optimize laser parameters and improve lipolysis effect. The effectiveness of the model was verified by the pathological analysis of the inguinal skin tissue of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats following laser irradiation. The temperature threshold for immediate necrosis is approximately 48-58°C for different curvature radius. Under laser irradiation with power of 9W and duration of 7s in conjunction with multi-pulsed cryogen spray cooling (MP-CSC) of ∆tp=10 ms, ∆td =2000 ms and np=8, the fat layer achieved ideal fat dissolution effect with temperature of 65.5°C, while temperature of epidermis and dermis (40°C) are under safety threshold. This laser irradiation also stimulated skin to generate high-density collagen fibers and fibroblasts. The thermal damage mechanism is revealed as cytoplasmic compression damage caused by membrane vibration under hyperthermia condition occurred at 48-58°C. The dense collagen fibers can improve the elasticity of skin, which is regarded as positive side-effect.