bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human papillomavirus self‐sampling and urine‐sampling tests and the management and short‐term outcomes of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: A prospective observational study
Authors: Matsuura Motoki , Tamate Masato , Nagao Sachiko , Akimoto Taishi , Kasuga Fukiko , Saito Kimihito , Shikanai Satoshi , Nishimura Yoko , Teramoto Mizue , Saito Tsuyoshi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimThe importance of human papillomavirus (HPV) co‐testing using physician‐, self‐, and urine‐collected samples to predict cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1–2 prognoses has not been previously reported. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate outcomes of patients with CIN 1–2 who simultaneously underwent physician‐, self‐, and urine‐collection sampling tests.MethodsThis study was conducted in Japan between October 2019 and November 2022 and examined the proportion of cases with CIN 1–2 progressions, the percentage of cases with persistent CIN 1–2, and the outcome differences according to the results of physician‐, self‐, and urine‐sampling tests.ResultsThere were 105 and 59 CIN 1 and 2 cases, respectively, with progression or persistence in 27 (29.3%) and 21 (50.0%) cases, respectively. The median follow‐up was 20 and 12 months, respectively. Progression and persistence of CIN 1 were significantly associated with HPV‐positive physician‐ and self‐collected samples. No significant difference was observed between cases with CIN 2 who had HPV‐positive and HPV‐negative results using any sampling method.ConclusionsPhysician‐ and self‐testing for HPV are crucial for predicting disease progression risk in CIN 1 cases. Future research with an extended observation period and consideration of the progression risks is warranted.
Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Quillaja Saponin or Phytase on the Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Faecal Gas Emissions, and Carcass Grade in Growing‐Finishing Pigs
Authors: Li Tianxiang , Kim In Ho 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of low doses of Quillaja saponin (QS) or phytase (PHY) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, faecal gas emissions, and carcass grade in growing‐finishing pigs. A total of 72 pigs (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc), each weighing 25.82 ± 1.68 kg, were selected and randomly assigned to three treatment groups. Each group had six replicates, with four pigs per pen, and the allocation was based on the four initial body weight and sex of the pigs. They were randomly divided into the following three diet groups: the basal diet as a control (CON) group, the basal diet + 0.02% PHY; and the basal diet + 0.01% QS. The experiment period lasted for 110 days. The results of adding 0.01% QS to the basal diet of pigs show that it can significantly increase the body weight (BW) of growing‐finishing pigs on the 110th day (p < 0.05). QS can significantly increase the average daily weight gain (ADG) on Days 80–110 of the experiment (p < 0.05). QS can significantly increase the total average daily weight gain (TADG) of growing‐finishing pigs during the entire experimental period (p < 0.05) and has a tendency to improve the average daily feed intake and feed conversion rate during the entire experimental period. However, QS has no significant effect on pig nutrient digestibility and carcass grade. In addition, we also found that QS has a tendency to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. However, adding 0.02% PHY to the basal diet of growing‐finishing pigs can only increase the TADG during the entire experimental period. Throughout the experiment, adding PHY to the diet had no significant impact on the nutrient digestibility, faecal gas emissions, and carcass grade of growing‐finishing pigs. In summary, adding QS to feed can significantly improve the growth performance of growing‐finishing pigs, and has a tendency to improve faecal gas emissions. PHY can only improve the growth performance of growing‐finishing pigs.
Effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on trigeminal‐mediated headshaking in 17 horses
Authors: Franzen Vanessa , Gruber Nina Alexandra , Klußmann Sven , Schoster Angelika , May Anna 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundTrigeminal‐mediated headshaking is a neuropathic facial pain condition in horses. No treatment has been entirely successful. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is used in human medicine as a treatment for various neuropathic pain conditions, and good results have been achieved in cases of trigeminal neuralgia.ObjectivesApply rTMS to horses with trigeminal‐mediated headshaking (TMHS) and to evaluate tolerability, application of the setting, and success rate.AnimalsSeventeen horses with nonseasonal signs of TMHS.MethodsOther underlying causes of headshaking were ruled out. The rTMS was performed under standing sedation on 5 consecutive days applying 3 sets of 500 stimulations each, with a stimulation strength of 5 Hz. Horses were evaluated on Day 1 (t0) and Day 5 (t1) of the treatment and 2 (t2) and 4 weeks (t3) afterwards using a special scoring system.ResultsThe rTMS was well tolerated. Headshaking signs during exercise were decreased by 70% (Day 5; t1). Four weeks after rTMS, signs were still decreased (mean reduction of 50%) during exercise. Improvement of mean resting and exercise scores was significant (P < .05) and effect sizes between pretreatment and all time points after treatment (t1, t2, t3) were large (>±0.8).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation may be a promising treatment for neuropathic pain and headshaking in affected horses. Pain‐free periods after treatment differ individually, and repeated treatment may be necessary. More studies should be performed to determine ideal settings for horses.
Show me the evidence to guide nutrition practice: Scoping review of macronutrient dietary treatments after metabolic and bariatric surgery
Authors: Parrott Julie M. , Benson‐Davies Sue , O'Kane Mary , Sherf‐Dagan Shiri , Ben‐Porat Tair , Arcone Violeta Moizé , Faria Silvia Leite , Parrott J. Scott 
Published: September 2024

SummaryBackgroundClinical practice recommendations for macronutrient intake in Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (MBS) are insufficiently grounded in the research, possibly due to a paucity of research in key areas necessary to support macronutrient recommendations. An initial scoping review, prior to any systematic review, was determined to be vital.ObjectivesTo identify topical areas in macronutrients and MBS with a sufficient evidence base to guide nutrition recommendations.MethodsPubMed, Cochrane, Ovid Medline, and Embase were initially searched in January 2019 (updated November 1, 2023) with terms encompassing current bariatric surgeries and macronutrients. Out of 757 records identified, 98 were included. A template was created. Five types of outcomes were identified for extraction: dietary intake, anthropometrics, adverse symptoms, health, and metabolic outcomes. All stages of screening and extraction were conducted independently by at least two authors and disagreements were resolved via team discussion. Macronutrient‐related dietary treatments were classified as either innovative or standard of care. Descriptions of dietary arms were extracted in detail for a qualitatively generated typology of dietary or nutritional treatments. Heatmaps (treatments by outcomes) were produced to identify promising topics for further systematic analyses.ResultsWe identified protein supplementation and “food‐focused” (e.g., portion‐controlled meals, particular foods in the diet, etc.) topical areas in MBS nutrition care with potentially sufficient evidence to create specific MBS Macronutrients guidelines and identified topical areas with little research.ConclusionsClinical practice regarding macronutrient intake remains guided by consensus and indirect evidence. We detail ways that leadership at the profession level may remedy this.
Genome‐wide association analysis identifies candidates of three bulb traits in garlic
Authors: Li Fu , Wang Yanzhou , Mostafa Hassan H. A. , Wang Taotao , Zhu Siyuan , Yuan Meng , Gao Song , Liu Touming 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGarlic bulbs generally possess several swelling cloves, and the swelling degree of the bulbs determines its yield and appearance quality. However, the genetic basis underlying bulb traits remains poorly known. To address this issue, we performed a genome‐wide association analysis for three bulb traits: bulb weight, diameter, and height. It resulted in the identification of 51 significant associated signals from 38 genomic regions. Twelve genes from the associated regions, whose transcript abundances in the developmental bulb showed significant correlations with the investigated traits in 81 garlic accessions, were considered the candidates of the corresponding locus. We focused on five of these candidates and their variations and revealed that the promoter variations of fructose‐bisphosphate aldolase‐encoding Asa8G05696.1 and beta‐fructofuranosidase‐encoding Asa6G01167.1 are responsible for the functional diversity of these two genes in garlic population. Interestingly, our results revealed that all candidates we focused on experienced a degree of selection during garlic evolutionary history, and different genotypes of them were retained in two China‐cultivated garlic groups. Taken together, these results suggest a potential involvement of those candidates in the parallel evolution of garlic bulb organs in two China‐cultivated garlic groups. This study provides important insights into the genetic basis of garlic bulb traits and their evolution.
Beyond the stethoscope: ageism in white coats and resident physicians' preferences for elderly patient care
Authors: Uzun Süleyman Utku , Akın Merve 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe global increase in life expectancy has significantly raised the elderly population. In Türkiye, the proportion of individuals aged 65 and over rose from 8.8% in 2018 to 10.2% in 2023. This demographic shift necessitates the planning of social and health services for the elderly. Ageism affects elderly health negatively and is prevalent in healthcare settings. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of ageism among resident physicians at Pamukkale University Hospital and identify factors influencing their preferences for providing healthcare to elderly patients.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted at Pamukkale University Hospital between 6 June and 16 June, 2024. A total of 448 resident physicians were selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using a self‐administered questionnaire, which included sociodemographic information, factors affecting ageism, and the Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA). Descriptive statistics, Chi‐square tests, and logistic regression were used to evaluate factors influencing healthcare preferences.ResultsThe FSA score averaged 71.89 ± 7.87, indicating a 20.1% (95% CI:16.48–24.10) prevalence of age discrimination among resident physicians. Logistic regression analysis revealed that male participants (odds ratio (OR) = 1.519, P = 0.042), those with moderate to very poor perceived knowledge of elderly health (OR = 2.418, P < 0.001), and higher FSA scores (OR = 1.046, P < 0.001) were more likely to prefer not providing healthcare services to elderly patients.ConclusionsAgeism among resident physicians is prevalent, impacting their willingness to provide care to elderly patients. Gender, perceived knowledge, and ageist attitudes influence their preferences for providing healthcare to elderly patients. Addressing these factors is crucial for improving healthcare services for the elderly.
G‐Protein‐Coupled Receptor Kinase 2 Inhibition Induces Meiotic Arrest by Disturbing Ca2+ Release in Porcine Oocytes
Authors: Kim Ji‐Dam , Lee Song‐Hee , Li Xiao‐Han , Lu Qin‐Yue , Zhan Cheng‐Lin , Lee Gyu‐Hyun , Sim Jae‐Min , Song Hyeon‐Ji , Zhou Dongjie , Cui Xiang‐Shun 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTG‐protein‐coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) interacts with Gβγ and Gαq, subunits of G‐protein alpha, to regulate cell signalling. The second messenger inositol trisphosphate, produced by activated Gαq, promotes calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and regulates maturation‐promoting factor (MPF) activity. This study aimed to investigate the role of GRK2 in MPF activity during the meiotic maturation of porcine oocytes. A specific inhibitor of GRK2 (βi) was used in this study. The present study showed that GRK2 inhibition increased the percentage of oocyte arrest at the metaphase I (MI) stage (control: 13.84 ± 0.95%; βi: 31.30 ± 4.18%), which resulted in the reduction of the maturation rate (control: 80.36 ± 1.94%; βi: 65.40 ± 1.14%). The level of phospho‐GRK2 decreased in the treated group, suggesting that GRK2 activity was reduced upon GRK2 inhibition. Furthermore, the addition of βi decreased Ca2+ release from the ER. The protein levels of cyclin B and cyclin‐dependent kinase 1 were higher in the treatment group than those in the control group, indicating that GRK2 inhibition prevented a decrease in MPF activity. Collectively, GRK2 inhibition induced meiotic arrest at the MI stage in porcine oocytes by preventing a decrease in MPF activity, suggesting that GRK2 is essential for oocyte meiotic maturation in pigs.
The Effect of the Covid‐19 Pandemic on Inequality
Authors: Meyer Peter B. , Piacentini Joe , Frazis Harley , Schultz Michael , Sveikauskas Leo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper reviews the economic literature on how the COVID‐19 pandemic and responses to it affected income inequality throughout the world. Inequality had been rising long before the pandemic. The COVID shock affected employment, income, and education differently for various occupations and population groups. The pandemic initially disrupted lower‐paid, service‐sector employment, particularly affecting women and lower‐income groups. Government policies in response to the pandemic mitigated income losses. School and day‐care closures disrupted the work of parents, especially mothers. These effects have generally ended. Lasting changes in work patterns, consumer demand, and production will tend to benefit higher‐income groups and to erode opportunities for some less advantaged workers, increasing income inequality over the long run. Opportunities for remote work, especially for highly paid workers, have increased permanently. School disruptions have particularly affected lower‐income students, which will tend to increase inequality among future workers.
Trajectories of temperamental shyness and attention shifting in Chinese children and their relations to psychosocial adjustment at entry to elementary school
Authors: Xu Yiyuan , Zhang Lijin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study examined the relations between trajectories of temperamental shyness and attention shifting in Chinese children, the heterogeneity in these trajectories, and how psychosocial adjustment at entry to elementary school varied depending on different trajectories. The participants of 2009 and 2010 cohorts (N = 268, 51% male; Mage = 3.68 years at T1) were recruited from Yinchuan, China. On average, temperamental shyness declined and attention shifting increased over a 4‐year span from preschool to the first grade, with a negative relation between the two linear slopes, and substantial heterogeneity found in both trajectories. Children characterized by High‐Fluctuating temperamental shyness and Low‐Stable attention shifting trajectories adjusted worse than other children when they entered elementary school. The findings provide preliminary support for the top‐down model of attention shifting in the development of temperamental shyness in the Chinese context.
Trust in Implementing Institutions, Ecological Behavior and Decentralized Environmental Governance: The Case of Switzerland
Authors: Levis Alessio , Smith E. Keith 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTrust in political institutions has been found to shape individual ecological behaviors and attitudes. In this paper, we investigate trust in implementing government institutions (e.g., public administration). Heightened trust in implementing institutions is theorized to support overcoming environmental social dilemmas, enabling concerned individuals to engage in ecological behaviors. Further, as environmental policies are implemented across levels of government, decomposing trust perceptions in local, regional, and national agencies is crucial. Utilizing survey data from Switzerland, we find that trust in implementing institutions increases ecological behaviors and pro‐environmental attitudes. Further, trusting implementing institutions can help overcome barriers to action, particularly amongst individuals with lower levels of concern. Lastly, we find that the role of trust can differ by level of government and ecological behaviors and attitudes. These findings support research on the moderating role of trust in the concern‐behavior gap, exploring new conceptualizations across levels of government and measures of policy support.
The Impact of Institutional and Financial Constraints on Party Behaviour in Local Politics
Authors: Gross Martin , Nyhuis Dominic , Block Sebastian , Velimsky Jan A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPolitical parties are not free to choose which issues to focus on in parliament. At the national level, it is mostly economic and societal problem pressures which impact parties' issue attention. In this paper, we argue that at lower levels of multilevel governance systems, parties are additionally limited by institutional and financial constraints beyond their decision‐making competencies, which should impact their issue attention. Based on a novel dataset of local parties' parliamentary questions regarding 19 policy areas in 35 German local councils between 2011 and 2020, we demonstrate the constraining effect of institutional and economic conditions on party behaviour: parties are aware of the institutional constraints and devote more attention to issues where municipalities have more legal leeway, but this effect is moderated by the financial constraints that local communities face.
Risk factors for red blood cell alloimmunization in patients with hematologic malignancy
Authors: Pattarakosol Pakthipa , Lorucharoen Nattarat , Watanaboonyongcharoen Phandee , Rojnuckarin Ponlapat 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionPatients with hematologic malignancy have a higher risk of developing red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization which can delay blood transfusion. Information on the risk factors for alloimmunization in this group is still limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of RBC alloimmunization among these patients.Materials and MethodsElectronic medical records of the patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), acute lymphoid leukaemia (ALL), multiple myeloma (MM) and lymphoma from a tertiary care hospital between January 2018 and December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical, demographic and transfusion history data of the included patients were analysed.ResultsOf the 983 patients with hematologic malignancy, 798 were included in the study. The prevalence of RBC alloantibodies in this population was 4.8% (38 patients). The alloimmunization rate of each subgroup was as followed: AML 9.1%, ALL 2.9%, MM 3.8% and lymphoma 2.5%. The most common alloantibodies were anti‐Mia, anti‐E and anti‐Lea. The majority (29/38, 76.3%) of alloimmunization had a single alloantibody. RBC autoantibody was detected in 10 patients. The detection of autoantibodies and having AML were independently associated with RBC alloimmunization (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 13.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.00–89.72, p = 0.007 and aOR 11.44, 95% CI 2.02–64.72, p = 0.006, respectively).ConclusionThe prevalence of RBC alloimmunization in the patients with hematologic malignancy was 4.8%. The alloimmunization rate of the AML subgroup was higher than those of other hematologic malignancies. The detection of autoantibodies and the AML diagnosis were identified as potential risk factors for RBC alloimmunization.
The genome of Lupinus mutabilis: Evolution and genetics of an emerging bio‐based crop
Authors: Pancaldi Francesco , Gulisano Agata , Severing Edouard I. , van Kaauwen Martijn , Finkers Richard , Kodde Linda , Trindade Luisa M. 
Published: September 2024

SUMMARYLupinus mutabilis is an under‐domesticated legume species from the Andean region of South America. It belongs to the New World lupins clade, which groups several lupin species displaying large genetic variation and adaptability to highly different environments. L. mutabilis is attracting interest as a potential multipurpose crop to diversify the European supply of plant proteins, increase agricultural biodiversity, and fulfill bio‐based applications. This study reports the first high‐quality L. mutabilis genome assembly, which is also the first sequenced assembly of a New World lupin species. Through comparative genomics and phylogenetics, the evolution of L. mutabilis within legumes and lupins is described, highlighting both genomic similarities and patterns specific to L. mutabilis, potentially linked to environmental adaptations. Furthermore, the assembly was used to study the genetics underlying important traits for the establishment of L. mutabilis as a novel crop, including protein and quinolizidine alkaloids contents in seeds, genomic patterns of classic resistance genes, and genomic properties of L. mutabilis mycorrhiza‐related genes. These analyses pointed out copy number variation, differential genomic gene contexts, and gene family expansion through tandem duplications as likely important drivers of the genomic diversity observed for these traits between L. mutabilis and other lupins and legumes. Overall, the L. mutabilis genome assembly will be a valuable resource to conduct genetic research and enable genomic‐based breeding approaches to turn L. mutabilis into a multipurpose legume crop.
Local cone multipliers and Cauchy–Szegö projections in bounded symmetric domains
Authors: Ballesta Yagüe Fernando , Garrigós Gustavo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe show that the cone multiplier satisfies local ‐ bounds only in the trivial range . To do so, we suitably adapt to this setting the proof of Fefferman for the ball multiplier. As a consequence we answer negatively a question by Békollé and Bonami, regarding the continuity from of the Cauchy–Szegö projections associated with a class of bounded symmetric domains in with rank .
Cluster realisations of ıquantum$\imath {\rm quantum}$ groups of type AI
Authors: Song Jinfeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe group of type is a coideal subalgebra of the quantum group , associated with the symmetric pair . In this paper, we give a cluster realisation of the algebra . Under such a realisation, we give cluster interpretations of some fundamental constructions of , including braid group symmetries, the coideal structure and the action of a Coxeter element. Along the way, we study a (rescaled) integral form of , which is compatible with our cluster realisation. We show that this integral form is invariant under braid group symmetries, and construct the Poincare‐Birkhoff‐Witt (PBW)‐bases for the integral form.