bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
contratos especiales de operación de litio (CEOL) en el marco de la nueva estrategia nacional del litio en Chile
Authors: Rojas Calderón Christian 
Published: October 2024

SUMARIO: 1. INTRODUCCIÓN.— 2. LA ESTRATEGIA NACIONAL DEL LITIO (ENL); 2.1. Los fundamentos; 2.2. El detalle: A) Involucramiento del Estado en todo el ciclo industrial; B) Creación de capacidades; C) Asociación Público-Privada (PPP); D) Marco institucional; E) Sostenibilidad social y territorial: involucramiento de comunidades;3. LA MINERÍA Y EL RÉGIMEN JURÍDICO DE LAS SUSTANCIAS MINERALES EN CHILE: 3.1. Antecedentes; 3.2. Fundamento normativo del dominio público minero (DPM) a nivel constitucional; 3.3. Fundamento a nivel legal; 3.4. El régimen jurídico de las sustancias minerales no concesibles; 3.5. Las consecuencias evidentes: A) Un procedimiento concesional general (judicializado); B) Un conjunto de sustancias concesibles como regla general; 3.6. Lo no tan evidente: A) Hay un régimen concesional especial (administrativo);B) Tienen un régimen jurídico “delegado”.—4. EN ESPECIAL RÉGIMEN JURÍDICO DEL LITIO: 4.1. Antecedentes; 4.2. Régimen jurídico: A) Regulación básica disponible; B) Modalidades: a) Contratos Especiales de Operación; b) Convenios de Servicios; C) Término.— 5. CONCLUSIONES.
CFD Modelling and Optimization of Solid Waste Combustion in a 1 MW Fixed Bed Combustion Chamber
Authors: Ahmed Ashraf , Pavel Pavel Alekseevich Trubaev , Rafshan Rafshan Salmanovich Ramazanov 
Published: October 2024

The global population and energy consumption grow each year. Therefore, the tendency to use biofuels instead of fossil fuels assist the global requirement. Also, enhancing of the combustion efficiency and minimizing pollutant emissions during the combustion of municipal solid waste (MSW). The present study employed a CFD model to simulate solid fuel combustion in a grate combustion chamber which was commonly used in small-capacity boilers. computational fluid dynamics technique was used to simulate complex solid fuel reactions where 1 MW boiler was supposed for wood and coal combustion. The achievements found that 10%-dried MSW was used as fuel. The results of the study were related to the average gas flow temperatures and composition in the furnace outflow section, as well as the high combustion temperatures of fossil fuels. The results for the average temperature and average chemical molecular fractions (CO, O2, CO2, H2O, and N2) generated at the exit of the combustion process were positive. Thus, it was found that the thermal efficiency of the boiler was significantly affected by the amount of air supplied to the system at a temperature of 273 K and atmospheric pressure. We observed variations in flame morphology, temperature profiles, and corresponding numerical values.
Implications for Galactic Electron Density Structure from Pulsar Sightlines Intersecting H ii Regions
Authors: Ocker Stella Koch , Anderson Loren D. , Lazio T. Joseph W. , Cordes James M. , Ravi Vikram 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Recent radio surveys have revealed pulsars with dispersion and scattering delays induced by ionized gas that are larger than the rest of the observed pulsar population, in some cases with electron column densities (or dispersion measures, DMs) larger than the maximum predictions of Galactic electron density models. By cross-matching the observed pulsar population against H ii region catalogs, we show that the majority of pulsars with DM > 600 pc cm−3 and scattering delays τ(1 GHz) > 10 ms lie behind H ii regions, and that H ii region intersections may be relevant to as much as a third of the observed pulsar population. The fraction of the full pulsar population with sightlines intersecting H ii regions is likely larger. Accounting for H ii regions resolves apparent discrepancies where Galactic electron density models place high-DM pulsars beyond the Galactic disk. By comparing emission measures inferred from recombination line observations to pulsar DMs, we show that H ii regions can contribute tens to hundreds of parsecs per cubic centimeter in electron column density along a pulsar line of sight. We find that nearly all pulsars with significant excess (and deficit) scattering from the mean τ–DM relation are spatially coincident with known discrete ionized gas structures, including H ii regions. Accounting for H ii regions is critical to the interpretation of radio dispersion and scattering measurements as electron density tracers, both in the Milky Way and in other galaxies.
TIC 290061484: A Triply Eclipsing Triple System with the Shortest Known Outer Period of 24.5 Days
Authors: Kostov V. B. , Rappaport S. A. , Borkovits T. , Powell B. P. , Gagliano R. , Omohundro M. , Bíró I. B. , Moe M. , Howell S. B. , Mitnyan T. , Clark C. A. , Kristiansen M. H. , Terentev I. A. , Schwengeler H. M. , Pál A. , Vanderburg A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We have discovered a triply eclipsing triple-star system, TIC 290061484, with the shortest known outer period, P
out, of only 24.5 days. This “eclipses” the previous record set by λ Tauri at 33.02 days, which held for 68 yr. The inner binary, with an orbital period of P
in = 1.8 days, produces primary and secondary eclipses and exhibits prominent eclipse timing variations with the same periodicity as the outer orbit. The tertiary star eclipses, and is eclipsed by, the inner binary with pronounced asymmetric profiles. The inclinations of both orbits evolve on observable timescales such that the third-body eclipses exhibit dramatic depth variations in TESS data. A photodynamical model provides a complete solution for all orbital and physical parameters of the triple system, showing that the three stars have masses of 6.85, 6.11, and 7.90 M
⊙, radii near those corresponding to the main sequence, and T
eff in the range of 21,000–23,700 K. Remarkably, the model shows that the triple is in fact a subsystem of a hierarchical 2+1+1 quadruple with a distant fourth star. The outermost star has a period of ∼3200 days and a mass comparable to the stars in the inner triple. In ∼20 Myr, all three components of the triple subsystem will merge, undergo a Type II supernova explosion, and leave a single remnant neutron star. At the time of writing, TIC 290061484 is the most compact triple system and one of the tighter known compact triples (i.e., P
out/P
in = 13.7).
Jammed joints and constricted heart: The science of tribology and missing lubricin. A case report on camptodactyly-arthropathy-coxa vara-pericarditis syndrome
Authors: Subramaniam Krishnan Ganapathy , Mohanty Satish , Sharma Dhruva , Tamildasan Komal , Reddy Narahari Srinath 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
An autosomal recessively inherited noninflammatory arthropathy known as camptodactyly, arthropathy, coxa vara, and pericarditis (CACP) syndrome was discovered in 1999. It is distinguished by synoviocyte hyperplasia and subcapsular fibrosis of the synovial capsule, which results in a shortage of lubricin production. The resulting lack of joint lubrication induces increased mechanical stress, causing progressive deformities that become evident with weight-bearing and heightened joint activity. Animal models with a lubricin gene knock-out display similar traits, underscoring the impact of mechanical stress on disrupting type II collagen on the articular surface. The gradual development of pericarditis and constriction often results in misdiagnosis as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis with cardiac involvement, but the defining feature remains the noninflammatory nature of the disease. Early recognition is pivotal, as interventions such as pericardiectomy and recombinant human lubricin hold promise for altering the disease’s natural course. In our familial case of CACP, two siblings exhibited distinct phenotypic variations – one with fibrosis-dominant features and pericardial constriction and the other displaying synovial hyperplasia without pericardial involvement.
Percutaneous closure of aortopulmonary window in a preterm infant
Authors: Gurav Aishwarya Prakash , Kumar Shine , Kumar Raman Krishna 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Aorto-pulmonary window (APW) is a rare congenital heart disease. The non-restrictive types of APWs present at an early age and require early surgical correction. The transcatheter device closure in young infants pose significant challenges that include hemodynamic instability during arteriovenous loop formation and due to potential encroachment of the occlusive device on vital adjacent structures, and sizing of introducer sheaths and delivery systems. We report a successful transcatheter closure of an AP window in a 1.35 Kg preterm infant with heart failure requiring mechanical ventilation. To the best of our knowledge this is the smallest and youngest baby , wherein transcatheter device closure has been attempted for a non-restrictive aorto-pulmonary window. The procedure was done through a 4 French right femoral venous access, thus avoiding an arterial access. A 0.025 Terumo wire was maneuvered through the pulmonary artery across the APW without formation of an arteriovenous loop. The APW was successfully occluded with a Konar multi-functional device delivered via a 4-French delivery system. The baby could be successfully weaned off the ventilator and could be discharge. On 1 month follow up, baby was in good health and gaining adequate weight. Thus we conclude that careful selection of patients allows successful closure of APW, even in the smallest baby.
Heart failure following cavopulmonary shunt – An unusual story of desmin cardiomyopathy
Authors: Kadiyani Lamk , Ramakrishnan Sivasubramanian , Arava Sudheer Kumar , Seth Sandeep 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Partial cavopulmonary shunt is an established procedure for patients with abnormal right ventricular (RV) physiology. Late failure of the Glenn shunt is usually due to further progression of the primary disease process. However, there may be surprises, as in our patient. We report an 8-year-old child who was diagnosed with tricuspid valve (TV) dysplasia with borderline RV hypoplasia. He underwent TV repair with a right cavopulmonary shunt. He presented with features of heart failure after 6 years of the surgery. An echocardiographic evaluation suggested a restrictive filling pattern of the RV with preserved size and function. Computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed a normal pericardial thickness with no evidence of myocardial involvement. Despite the contradicting clinical and imaging features, endomyocardial biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of desmin cardiomyopathy. Restrictive cardiomyopathy may remain an elusive diagnosis despite extensive imaging. In our case, the altered loading conditions due to a cavopulmonary shunt further masked pathophysiological hemodynamic changes.
Interventional management of an unusual cause of cyanosis in repaired tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Kadiyani Lamk , Gupta Saurabh Kumar , Ramakrishnan Sivasubramaniam 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Arterial desaturation following surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is rare. In most instances, it results from residual right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, causing right-to-left shunt across residual interatrial or interventricular communication. In this report, we present an unusual scenario of arterial desaturation due to a recanalized left cardinal vein in a child with repaired TOF. We also discuss stepwise evaluation that led to successful identification and occlusion of the abnormal venous channel by percutaneous device closure.
A Comparative Study of Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) and Titanium-Prepared Platelet-Rich Fibrin (T-PRF) in Management of Endo-Perio Lesion
Authors: Talesara Kamlesh P. , Aroli Veetil Rini G. , Brahmbhatt Soham M. , Sharma Mridul , Khandelwal Deepika , Jyoti Divya , Mehta Miral 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Association between pulp and periodontal lesion is termed as endo-perio lesion. Treatment of intra-bony defect can be done by GTR.

Methodology:
The present study was conducted on 180 patients suffering from endo-perio lesion. They were divided into two groups namely the ones treated by PRF and the other one treated with T-PRF. Follow-up was taken at 3 and 6 months interval. The results thus obtained were analyzed statistically using SPSS version 21.0 (IBM. Chicago, USA) and unpaired t test. The level of implication was set less than 0.05.

Results:
Mean change in probing depth at period of 3 months in group 1 is 2-15 while after 6 months is 2.74. P value is 0.91 which is highly insignificant. Similarly relative attachment level at 3 months is 1.96 and at 6 months is 2.63. P value is 0.73.

Conclusion:
No statistically significant results were observed in term of baseline attachment measurements.
Tri-Lineage Differentiation Potential of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth - An In-vitro Study
Authors: Yumkham Ratna , Nagarathna C , Shakuntala B. S. , Sarada Rajkumari , Yumnam Gargi , Waikhom Bandana 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The use of SHED might bring advantages for tissue engineering over the use of stem cells from adult human teeth as SHEDs were reported to have higher proliferation rate and increase cell population doublings as compared with stem cells from permanent teeth.

Objective:
The study’s objective was to assess the growth kinetics and tri-lineage differentiation capacity of stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous teeth.

Material and Method:
After being propagated through multiple sequential subcultures, adherent fibroblastic cells in the pulp tissue culture from human exfoliation teeth were evaluated to assess their tripotent differentiation potential into bone, cartilage, and adipose cell lineages.

Result:
The stem cells derived from dental pulp had a comparatively high ability for proliferation and successfully differentiated into chondrocytes and osteocytes while less significant for adipocytes.

Conclusion:
Stem cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth are mesenchymal stem cells which are multipotent and can serve as a promising incentive for therapeutic and future research purposes.
Effectiveness of using a vibration device to ease pain during upper extremity injections: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mortada Hatan , Al Qurashi Abdullah A. , Alnaim Muna F. , Arab Khalid , Kattan Abdullah E. 
Published: October 2024

Objectives:
The current study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of using a vibration device to ease pain during upper extremity injections. Specifically, the study aims to compare the pain levels of patients who receive the injection with and without the use of vibration therapy. The results of this study may have implications for improving patient outcomes and satisfaction during routine injection procedures.

Material and Methods:
This randomized controlled trial included patients aged 18 years or older who were scheduled to receive an injection in the upper extremity. A total of 60 patients were enrolled and randomized to either the intervention group or the control group using a computer-generated randomization sequence. The level of satisfaction and pain levels were assessed using a visual analog scale. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the institutional review board.

Results:
The mean pain score immediately after the injection was 4.03 ± 2.11 out of 10 in the vibration group (n = 30), compared to 7.4 ± 1.37 out of 10 in the control group (n = 30) (P < 0.001). Patients in the vibration group also reported higher levels of satisfaction and comfort during the injection (P < 0.001). No adverse events were reported in either group.

Conclusion:
Our study proves that using a vibration device during upper extremity injections can effectively reduce postinjection pain and improve patient satisfaction. Further research is needed to explore this intervention’s long-term effects and feasibility in different clinical settings.
Comparison of effects of dexmedetomidine with ketofol and ketofol alone on quality of sedation in pediatric patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging: A prospective randomized controlled double-blind trial
Authors: Chakravarty Reena , Goyal Neha , Kumar Rakesh , Mohammed Sadik , Kamal Manoj , Chhabra Swati , Bhatia Pradeep 
Published: October 2024

Background and Aim:
Patient movement during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most frequent cause of artifacts and poor scan quality. Children cannot lie still. Thus, anesthesia is required to keep the child calm and immobile. This randomized double-blinded clinical trial compares the clinical effects of the addition of dexmedetomidine as premedication with ketofol on the quality of sedation. We hypothesized that the addition of dexmedetomidine would improve the quality of sedation.

Methods:
A total of 132 children aged 6 months to 10 years were randomized into groups DK (dexmedetomidine–ketofol) and K (ketofol). DK received an intravenous bolus of dexmedetomidine (0.5 mcg/kg) as premedication 10 minutes prior. Both the groups were induced with ketofol (0.5 mg/kg), and sedation was maintained with propfol infusion (100 mcg/kg/min). The primary objective was the quality of sedation as assessed by the University of Michigan Sedation Scale. Image quality, requirement of rescue propofol dose, recovery, and adverse events were also studied. Data are given as median [interquartile range (IQR)] or frequency.

Results:
All 132 children completed MRI scans. The DK group showed significantly better quality of sedation, 71% versus 47% of children, a median difference of 1 (-0.569 to -0.0969), P < .005, a better quality of scan, a reduced number of additional doses of propofol, and a decreased total dose of propofol. Hemodynamic parameters and recovery times for the two groups were similar. There were no significant side effects in both groups.

Conclusion:
The quality of sedation and the quality of the MRI scan are greatly improved by administering dexmedetomidine (0.5 mcg/kg) 10 minutes before to induction. Additionally, this technique decreases the need of propofol and gives better hemodynamic stability without delaying the recovery time.
Efficacy of epidural anesthesia in minimally invasive cardiac surgery
Authors: Shimizu Chiho , Wakimoto Mayuko , Kita Takashi 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
The most commonly performed minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) is lateral minithoracotomy, which requires one of the most painful incisions. Adequate postoperative pain management is essential for cardiac surgery to prevent perioperative complications. Thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) is the gold standard for thoracotomy; however, it is still controversial because of the risk of epidural hematoma following systematic heparinization. The objective of our study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of TEA following MICS.

Methods:
The clinical data of patients aged over 18 years who underwent elective MICS and received epidural analgesia along with general anesthesia between January 2014 and March 2019 were reviewed. Data were collected, including patient demographics, operative data, postoperative pain, postoperative course, and complications. Chronic pain was evaluated 6 months after discharge, and we defined it as a NRS score ≧3. Postoperative complications included epidural-related complications.

Results:
Seventy patients were included in the analysis. The mean NRS score was below 2. We collected chronic pain data from 52 patients and found that 11 patients had chronic pain. TEA-related complications were not observed.

Conclusion:
The current observational study revealed that TEA following lateral thoracotomy was effective for acute pain as well as chronic pain without causing any severe epidural-related complications. Protocols to prevent potential devastating complications, including epidural hematoma, should follow the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine recommendation. If the rules are strictly followed, TEA can be a safe and effective pain management method for patients who undergo MICS.
Assessment of the anthropogenic transformation of post-forest vegetation in the village of Guzeripl and its environs (the Republic of Adygea, the Western Caucasus) based on the composition and structure of complexes of dominant species
Authors: Akatov V. V. , Akatova T. V. , Eskina T. G. 
Published: October 2024

Definition of the ceno-flora or regional flora in the cenosis, the proportion of species resistant or non-resistant to impacts has become widespread among the methods of indicating disturbances in vegetation cover.However, such studies, if they are conducted on a large spatial scale, require significant time and do not imply spatial detailing of the results. It is suggested that for several reasons it would be useful to use dominant species to solve this problem. The goal of the research is to demonstrate the possibilities of one of the variants of this approach using the example of vegetation of a small settlement (the mountain village of Guzeripl). It consists in studying the composition (level of synanthropization) and structure of species complexes that dominate communities in relatively large visually homogeneous areas of the terrain (0.15–0.2 ha). The results have shown that, on average, the highest level of synanthropization (transformation) is characteristic of dominant complexes of young fallow lands, a lower level of wastelands and roadsides, and a significantly lower level of old fallow lands and hayfields. In general, communities with a moderate degree of disturbance predominate in the study area. The results also indicate that the impact of anthropogenic factors on areas of vegetation leads to changes not only in the composition of dominant complexes, but also in their structure, the parameters of which can be considered as an additional tool for indicating anthropogenic disturbances.
Objectives for the use of raw materials and component composition for the production of low-lactose ice cream from goat milk
Authors: Gasheva M. A. , Arseneva T. P. , Fadina S. Yu. 
Published: October 2024

A huge number of people all over the world suffer from lactose intolerance. The second problem is an allergy to cow milk protein. People with lactose intolerance, as well as those who suffer from cow milk allergies, are forced to significantly limit their choice of ice cream or give it up completely. The article describes a solution to the problem of eating ice cream by children and adults suffering from lactose intolerance and an allergy to cow milk protein, and presents ways to overcome it.The goal of the research. Objectives for the use of raw materials and component composition for the production of low-lactose ice cream from goat milk. During the research, the quality indicators of the selected raw materials have been studied, the characteristics of the main ingredients for the production of low-lactose ice cream have been substantiated and given. Goat milk, in terms of its quality indicators, is most suitable for the production of ice cream, because it contains more protein, fat, solids, less lactose and does not cause allergies, and therefore it has been chosen as the main raw material for the production of ice cream. A theoretical and practical analysis of the chemical composition and properties of goat milk has been carried out, and compared with cow. To reduce the lactose content, a dual method of lactose hydrolysis has been chosen - the use of probiotic starter cultures and the lactase enzyme. In the process of combined hydrolysis at a temperature of 37-39⁰ C for 4-6 hours, a reduction in lactose content of less than 0.9% is achieved, while the concentration of cells of probiotic microorganisms in active form reaches 108 CFU/cm3. It is proposed to use the “Lactomix KM” stabilization system, which is usually used in the production of fermented milk products.