bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical and Chemical Conditions of Bayur Bay Waters On the East and West Season
Authors: Wisha Ulung Jantama , Tanto Try Al , Ilham Ilham 
Published: March 2017

Physical construction of Bayur bay coastal area as a port was followed by a variety of environmental issues, both physical degradation of the natural environment, biology reduction and an increase in social problems, directly affect to water quality decreasing in the coastal Bayur Bay. This study aims to determine the concentration distribution of physical and chemical parameters and their influence to water conditions on the east and west season. The method used is descriptive method (data taken by in situ and laboratory analysis), determining the location of sampling points based on purposive sampling method and tide prediction by NAOtide software. The results of field survey and laboratory measurements analysed using statistical method. The speed of sea currents on the east season ranged from 3,48 to 24,9 cm.s-1, while in the West season flow rate ranged from 1,4 to 57,7 cm.s-1. Rainfall in East Season ranged from 0-45 mm and The intensity of rainfall in West Season ranged from 0-30 mm. Sea-surface temperatures in the Eastern season range between 26,2- 31.5 °C, while in the west season SST range from 24,3 to 30,5°C. Dissolve oxygen concentration in the east season range from 4,3 to 6,1 mg.L-1, while the west monsoon conditions range from 4,1 to 6,4 mg.L-1. The pH values ranged from 7,4 to 8,1 in the Eastern season and ranged from 7,12 to 8,27 in the West season. Bayur Bay water quality conditions is not much different from its value range on the west and east season and influencing each other. Keywords: Bayur Bay, Seasons, SST, Statistical method
Abundance of Phytoplankton In The Coastal Waters of South Sumatera
Authors: Aryawati Riris , Bengen Dietriech G. , Prartono Tri , Zulkifli Hilda 
Published: March 2017

Phytoplankton in the ocean has an important role in forming the base of food chain, responsible in primary production. Its abundance and number of phytoplankton species will indirectly affect the level of water’s fertility. This study aimed to determine the presence of phytoplankton as bio-indicators of water quality in terms of abundance, diversity index, uniformity index, and saprobic coefficient in coastal waters of South Sumatera. The study was conducted on May 2013 - February 2014, at ten stations during high and low tides. Phytoplankton samples were taken vertically using plankton nets, cone-shaped with a diameter of 30 cm, length 100 cm and mesh size 30 μm. The study found 41 genera of phytoplankton, consisted of family Bacillariophyceae (26 genera), Dinophyceae (7 genera) Cyanophyceae (7 genera) and Chlorophyceae (1 genus). The highest number of genera was recorded while low tides in November (24 genera), and the lowest was on May while high tides (16 genera). The highest abundance of phytoplankton was recorded in August during high tides (2,68 x 107 cell.m-3), and the lowest was in May during high tides (6,59 x 105cell.m-3). The diversity index (H'), the uniformity index (E), and the dominance index (D) ranged between 0,64–3; 0,15–0,71 and 0,15–0,83 respectively. Keywords: phytoplankton, abundance, diversity index, South Sumatera coast.
Characterizing the Three Different Alginate Type of Sargassum siliquosum
Authors: Yudiati Ervia , Isnansetyo Alim 
Published: March 2017

This research was aimed to identify the brown seaweed, to characterize the acid, sodium and calcium alginate, and to examine the alginate yield. The identification was done phaenotypically. The extraction method was pretreated by ethanol depigmentation, followed by the extraction of Na2CO3/EDTA and CaCl2 and presipitated with absolute ethanol. The characterization of alginate was done by FT-IR spectroscopy and Thin Layer Chromatography by comparing the samples with standard alginate (Sigma, USA). The key of identification showed that the species was Sargassum siliquosum. There are similarities in signal vibration and TLC spots among the samples and the standard. The TLC test was also showed that those alginates contain mannuronic and guluronic acid. The highest yield was produced by Sodium alginate (40,34% + 0,21), followed by Acid alginate (11,51% + 0,15) and Calcium alginate (4,8% + 0,09). Keywords: alginate, characterization, Sargassum siliquosum, yield
On the importance of the probabilistic model in identifying the most decisive games in a tournament
Authors: Corona Francisco , Horrillo Juan de Dios Tena , Wiper Michael Peter 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIdentifying the decisive matches in international football tournaments is of great relevance for a variety of decision makers such as organizers, team coaches and/or media managers. This paper addresses this issue by analyzing the role of the statistical approach used to estimate the outcome of the game on the identification of decisive matches on international tournaments for national football teams. We extend the measure of decisiveness proposed by Geenens (2014) in order to allow us to predict or evaluate the decisive matches before, during and after a particular game on the tournament. Using information from the 2014 FIFA World Cup, our results suggest that Poisson and kernel regressions significantly outperform the forecasts of ordered probit models. Moreover, we find that although the identification of the most decisive matches is independent of the model considered, the identification of other key matches is model dependent. We also apply this methodology to identify the favorite teams and to predict the most decisive matches in 2015 Copa America before the start of the competition. Furthermore, we compare our forecast approach with respect to the original measure during the knockout stage.
Archaeological Site Vulnerability Modelling: The Influence of High Impact Storm Events on Models of Shoreline Erosion in the Western Canadian Arctic
Authors: O’Rourke Michael J. E. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMuch of the Inuvialuit archaeological record is situated along shorelines of the western Canadian Arctic. These coastal sites are at substantial risk of damage due to a number of geomorphological processes at work in the region. The identification of threatened heritage remains is critical in the Mackenzie Delta, where landscape changes are taking place at an increasingly rapid pace. This paper outlines some preliminary observations from a research program directed toward identifying vulnerable archaeological remains within the Inuvialuit Settlement Region. Coastal erosion rates have been calculated for over 280 km of the Kugmallit Bay shoreline, extending along the eastern extent of Richards Island and neighbouring areas of the Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula. Helicopter surveys conducted during the 2014 field season confirmed that areas exposed to heavy erosive forces in the past continue to erode at alarming rates. Some of the calculated rates, however, have proven far too conservative. An extreme period of erosion at Toker Point in the autumn of 2013 has yielded a prime example of how increasingly volatile weather patterns can influence shoreline erosion models. It has also provided a case with which to demonstrate the value of using more recent, shorter time-interval imagery in assessing impacts to cultural landscapes.
Pluractional marking in Bunia Swahili (Ituri Kingwana)
Authors: Nassenstein Nico 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe concept of pluractionality is less common in Bantu languages than in other language families, such as Chadic (Afro-Asiatic) and various Nilo-Saharan languages. Yet many Bantu languages reveal patterns of habituals, combinations of verbal extensions and reduplication patterns that can function in pluractional-like ways in order to mark “plurality or multiplicity of the verb’s action” (Nurse 2008,Tense and aspect in Bantu. Oxford: Oxford University Press: 314). Bunia Swahili, an un(der)documented variety of Swahili spoken in Eastern DR Congo, has undergone contact-induced change that can be traced back to Central Sudanic languages, and has developed fluid registers of socially motivated realization. It contains different habitual markers expressing deviating semantic concepts, while habitual markers can also be combined in order to express evidentiality. Reduplication patterns as markers for pluractionality and their co-occurrence with habituals as gradual semantic continua are both taken into account in this preliminary overview. It is therefore proposed that ‘semantic aspect’ plays a predominant role in pluractional constructions in Bunia Swahili.
Valorization of de-oiled cakes for xylanase production and optimization using central composite design by Trichoderma koeningi isolate
Authors: Bandikari Ramesh , Katike Umamahesh , Seelam Naga Sivudu , Obulam Vijaya Sarathi Reddy 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Aim
Evaluation of the medium components and conditions for the optimization of xylanase production in submerged fermentation by Trichoderma koeningi isolate (KT006533).

Methods

Trichoderma koeningi was identified by the 18s rRNA. NaOH pre-treated corn cobs were used in order to reduce the crystallinity of corn cobs. De-oiled cakes proximate composition was analyzed according to AOAC. Plackett-Burman design (PBD) was used to screen the 19 media variables that affect xylanase production and optimized the media by central composite design (CCD).

Results
The isolate was identified as Trichoderma koeningi. Among the 19 variables more effective variables on xylanase production was mustard cake, xylose, FeSO4·7H2O, ZnSO4·7H2O and pH. The optimization of xylanase and protein were quantified as 74.84 U/mL and 2.94 mg/mL, respectively, owing to the influence of the above components at g/L 3.5, 6.0, 0.06, 0.04 at levels respectively and pH 6.5, by using a CCD. The coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.92%. The correlations between the actual and coded results are found to be good.

Conclusion
NaOH pre-treated corn cobs were used with mustard cake powder as fermentation medium constituent to induce the xylanase production. From the results we conclude that mustard cake induced the xylanase production.
Zentralvermarktung der Fußball-Bundesliga im Lichte neuer kartellrechtlicher Kriterien wie „No-Single-Buyer-Rule“ und alternative Modelle der Rechteverwertung
Authors: Dück Hermann , Terhorst Gerrit 
Published: March 2017

Zusammenfassung
Die Diskussion um Einnahmensteigerungen im Rahmen der Rechtevergabe für die Fußball-Bundesliga hat die Zentralvermarktung erneut in die öffentliche Wahrnehmung gerückt. Medial begleitet wurde die vom Bundeskartellamt (BKartA) durchgeführte Prüfung der Zentralvermarktung ab der Saison 2017/18 nicht zuletzt durch den lukrativen TV-Vertrag der englischen Premier League, aber auch durch das Bestreben einzelner Bundesligavereine an einer (stärkeren) Einzelvermarktung oder durch das Plädoyer für einen Ausschluss von Werksclubs bzw. Mäzenvereinen von den gemeinsamen Einnahmen der Zentralvermarktung. Relevant ist die Prüfung durch das BKartA insofern, als die Zentralvermarktung an sich als kartellrechtswidrige Wettbewerbsbeschränkung gem. Art. 101 Abs. 1 AEUV bzw. § 1 GWB eingestuft wird. Dabei stellt sich nicht zuletzt die Frage, wie die Neuerung des Alleinerwerbsverbots kartellrechtlich zu beurteilen ist, so z. B. im Hinblick auf die Möglichkeiten einer Freistellung vom Kartellverbot (Art. 101 Abs. 3 AEUV bzw. § 2 GWB).
Die Sonderkartellverordnungen der Europäischen Kommission vom April 2016 zur Planung der Milcherzeugung
Authors: Busse Christian 
Published: March 2017

Zusammenfassung
Mit den beiden Verordnungen (EU) 2016/558 und 2016/559 vom 11. 4. 2016 hat die Europäische Kommission agrarkartellrechtliches Neuland betreten. Denn durch diese Verordnungen werden im Milchbereich anerkannte Agrarorganisationen und nicht anerkannte Erzeugerorganisationen über die schon vorhandenen agrarbezogenen Kartellausnahmen hinaus von Art. 101 AEUV freigestellt, um Vereinbarungen über die Planung der Milcherzeugung treffen zu können. Den Anlass für einen solch außergewöhnlichen Schritt bildete die äußerst schwierige Situation auf dem EU-Milchmarkt. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt vor dem Hintergrund dieser Situation die erstmals von der Europäischen Kommission genutzte Ermächtigung des Art. 222 VO (EU) Nr. 1308/2013 dar, um anschließend auf Entstehung und Inhalt der beiden Sonderkartellverordnungen, einige Auslegungsfragen und das deutsche Durchführungsrecht einzugehen.
VOCABULARY EXPANSION AND WORD COMPREHENSION FORMATION TO THE FIRST GRADE CHILDREN WITH INSUFFICIENT DEVELOPMENT OF THE LANGUAGE SYSTEM FOR ACQUIRING THE MATHEMATICS
Authors: Šķirmante Madara 
Published: March 2017

The title of the master’s work is „Vocabulary expansion and word comprehension formation to the first grade children with insufficient development of the language system for acquiring the mathematics”. The aim of the master’s work is to analyze theory and to gather methods of vocabulary expansion and word comprehension formation to children with insufficient development of the language system and to test usefulness of methodological material made by master’s work author. The master’s work contains the theory of development and characteristics of the first grade children with insufficient development of the language system, there are methods of vocabulary expansion described and there are words that are indispensable for acquiring the mathematics detected in master’s work. The master’s work also contains methodological material for vocabulary expansion and word comprehension formation to the first grade children with insufficient development of the language system for acquiring the mathematics made by master’s work author. There was proved usefulness of methodological material made by author by making pedagogical work. Material can be used by speech therapists at speech therapy classes and teacher of mathematics at lessons of math, in the second chapter of master’s work. The master’s work consists of 157 pages, 25 pictures, 7 tables, 73 information sources, 1 appendix.
Institutional experience of surgical management of intramedullary spinal cord tumours
Authors: Singh Naik B. D. Bharath , Prasad Kadali Satyavara , Thota Phaneeswar , B. V. S. Raman 
Published: March 2017

Background: Intramedullary spinal cord tumors are rare entity accounting for only 5-6% of all central nervous system tumors. Much literature is not available regarding these tumors owing to their rarity. Present study includes 24 cases of intramedullary spinal cord tumors with pain and progressive weakness. Radiological evaluation showed various intramedullary lesions like ependymoma, astrocytoma, epidermoid etc. spreading over various levels of spinal cord like cervicomedullary, cervicodorsal and dorsal cords.Methods: The study included all the cases admitted with intramedullary spinal cord tumors in neurosurgery ward in King George hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India during a period of three years from 2014 to 2016. Clinical profile of the patients was analyzed for the clinical presentation, age and sex distribution, histopathological study, pre-and postoperative neurological status, complications and functional outcome. All the patients are followed for a period of 6months to 3years.Results: Of the 24 cases, most common age group was second (7 patients) and third (7 patients) decades which is upto 29.16% each. Males (16 patients) are more affected than females in 66.66%. Ependymoma is the most common tumor seen in 41.66% (10 patients) followed by astrocytoma in 33.33% (8 patients). The surgical technique, extent of resection, pre and postoperative neurological status and functional outcome are discussed.Conclusions: Intramedullary tumours occur commonly among males in the 2nd to 4th decades. Among the intramedullary tumours ependymoma from the commonest lesion subtypes. Most common location is cervical cord segment. Ependymomas have a good plane of cleavage and are thus amenable to radical excision. Patients with good Mc Cormicks grade in pre-operative stage are more amenable for total or near total excision. Prognostic factors affecting outcome are the preoperative neurological status, the plane of cleavage, the extent of resection, the nature and subtype of the lesion. With the improvement in microsurgical techniques and novel adjunctive like MRI, CUSA and intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, surgery for intramedullary lesions can be carried out with acceptable morbidity and mortality.
Aetiological factor for chronic suppurative otitis media: a retrospective study
Authors: Darad Hardik , Sinha Mohit 
Published: March 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Otitis media (OM) refers to a group of complex infectious and inflammatory diseases affecting the middle ear. The present study was conducted to understand the various aetiological factors in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) and also to take into possible hereditary factors<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This retrospective study was conducted in 150 patients who had visited or were admitted at department of otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Shree Sayaji General (SSG) Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat. Detailed history regarding the illness was taken then clinical examination was carried out on the patient in a systemic manner, otoscopic examination, tuning fork test and pure tone audiometry was done. All the findings are noted in proforma. Means of both groups were compared by independent student t-test<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Most of the patients were in lower socioeconomic class (59.33) and lower middle class (40.67). Fifty out of the 150 chronic suppuurative Otitis Media patients, had a history of discharge for more than 10 years of duration. DNS and septal spur was found as positive finding in 49 patients of CSOM. X-ray of mastoid Schuller’s view was done in 87 patients, out of which 62 patients X-ray showed sclerosis of mastoid air cells, 16 cases showed partly pneumatization of mastoid air cells<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Chronic otitis media is an important cause of morbidity in very large group of Indian population. Between 20-40 years of age septal pathology was main aetiological factor for CSOM<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>
Interleukin‐12 Induces Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor‐Kappa B Ligand Expression by Human Periodontal Ligament Cells
Authors: Issaranggun Na Ayuthaya Benjar , Everts Vincent , Pavasant Prasit 
Published: March 2017

Background: Increased level of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)‐12 correlates with the severity of periodontitis. Yet, a possible role of IL‐12 in periodontal disease has not been clarified. The aim of this study is to investigate whether IL‐12 affects expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) ligand (RANKL), a potent osteoclast‐stimulating factor, by human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cells.Methods: To determine the effect of IL‐12, hPDL cells were incubated with recombinant human IL‐12 (p70) in a dose‐ (0 to 10 ng/mL) and time‐dependent manner. Expression of RANKL was evaluated at mRNA and protein levels. Underlying signaling pathways of IL‐12 were determined by using specific inhibitors.Results: Under the influence of IL‐12, hPDL cells expressed significantly higher levels of RANKL. Expression was mediated by signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 and NF‐κB signaling pathways. Conditioned medium of IL‐12–incubated cells proved to contain molecule(s) that induced RANKL expression. Addition of suramin (G protein–coupled receptor inhibitor) and ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (calcium chelator) suggested existence of intermediate molecule(s) that could activate heterotrimeric G protein signaling in a calcium‐dependent pathway.Conclusions: Expression of RANKL by hPDL cells significantly increased after IL‐12 treatment. Therefore, this study supports a close interrelationship between immune and skeletal systems and suggests an osteolytic role of IL‐12 in pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
Responsabilidad social de las Pymes en el marco del posconflicto, como soporte para la inclusión laboral de la población reinsertada
Authors: Sepúlveda Romero María Elsy , Moreno Martínez Edna Piedad , Tovar Mesa Julián Eduardo , Franco Villalba Jairo Andrés , Villarraga Tole Cindy Lizeth 
Published: March 2017

RESUMEN Un gran porcentaje del tejido empresarial en Colombia son las PyMEs, donde la responsabilidad social tarda en llegar, muchas veces por desconocimiento, otras por no realizar determinadas tareas de otra forma y en otras ocasiones lo que hacen no se comunica. Objetivos: Establecer la responsabilidad social de las PyMEs en el marco del posconflicto; determinar si las éstas conocen las políticas gubernamentales que incentivan a las empresas en la generación de empleo para la población reinsertada y precisar si cuentan con políticas de RSE. Métodos: La investigación es de tipo cuantitativo descriptivo, la población objeto de estudio son 20 microempresas ubicadas en la ciudad de Bogotá, se seleccionó como instrumento de recolección de datos; una encuesta, en la que se plantearon seis preguntas cerradas. ABSTRACT A large percentage of the business sector in Colombia are the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), where social responsibility is usually delayed, often due to unawareness, or for not performing certain tasks differently, and sometimes what they do is just not communicated. Goals: to establish the social responsibility of SMEs in the context of post-conflict; to determine if SMEs know the government policies that encourage companies to generate employment for the population who have been reintegrated into society, and to indicate whether SMEs have Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policies. Methods: this research is of the quantitative descriptive type, the study population is 20 micro-enterprises located in Bogotá, and a survey with six closed questions was selected as the instrument for data collection. RÉSUMÉLes PME colombiennes représentent un large pourcentage du tissu entrepreneurial national mais leur sens de la responsabilité sociale tarde à se mettre en place, souvent par ignorance des procédures, mais aussi car ce qu’elles mettent en place n’est pas toujours porté à la connaissance du grand public. Objectifs: Établir la responsabilité sociale des PME dans le cadre de l’après-conflit; déterminer si les PME connaissent les politiques gouvernementales facilitant aux entreprises la création d’emploi spécifiques à la population réintégrée à la société civile et enfin savoir si les PME disposent de politiques efficaces de responsabilité sociale et entrepreneuriale.RESUMO