bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Effects of Incretin-Based Drugs on Glycemic Control in Permanent Neonatal Diabetes
Authors: Oshiro Ayaka , Aotani Ryoichiro , Sakamoto Wakako , Kitazono Takanari , Ohkuma Toshiaki 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus (PNDM) is a genetic disorder, characterized by a decrease in endogenous insulin secretion. Therefore, exogenous insulin supplementation plays a central role in controlling glycemia. Although adding a sulfonylurea can help to discontinue insulin, discontinuation is sometimes difficult when the sulfonylurea is administered at older ages. A 24-year-old woman with longstanding PNDM who had poor glycemic control using insulin (47 U/day) and high-dose glibenclamide (0.6 mg/kg/day), had successfully discontinued insulin after initiating the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin (50 mg/day). Additionally, hemoglobin A1c levels decreased by 4.8%. Double dosing of sitagliptin and subsequent switching to the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist semaglutide (0.25 mg/week followed by 0.5 mg/week) further decreased hemoglobin A1c values, with graded improvements in endogenous insulin secretion. There were no episodes of hypoglycemia during which glibenclamide was titrated down from 0.6 to 0.4 mg/kg/day. Intra- and inter-day glucose variability as assessed by continuous glucose monitoring was also improved. In patients with PNDM, administration and dose escalation of incretin-based drugs, in addition to a high-dose sulfonylurea, could be a useful treatment strategy. This strategy may be helpful for discontinuing insulin, downtitrating sulfonylureas, and subsequent achievement of better glycemic control regarding long-term stability and short-term variability.
5α Reductase Deficiency—a Rare Cause of Ambiguous Genitalia and Gender Dysphoria
Authors: Wall Ellen , Jayadev Veena 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We present a case of pseudovaginal perineoscrotal hypospadias, secondary to 5α-reductase deficiency presenting as gender dysphoria. This particular enzyme deficiency accounts for only a small number of disorders of sexual development cases worldwide. A feature of this disorder is the presence of ambiguous genitalia at birth followed by the development of male secondary sexual characteristics during puberty when testicular production of testosterone can compensate for previous low circulating levels of 5-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Our described patient, raised female, presented with gender dysphoria with no male secondary sexual features given a bilateral orchidectomy in infancy.
Initial testing showed biochemical primary hypogonadism and whole-genomic sequencing demonstrated pathogenic compound heterozygous variants in the SRD5A2 gene. Treatment was commenced with injectable testosterone undecanoate leading to development of desired male secondary sexual characteristics.
Teaching International Solidarity through Lotus: Afro-Asian Writings
Authors: Marzagora Sara , Ziadah Rafeef 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article discusses the relevance of the journal Lotus: Afro-Asian Writings, a trilingual (Arabic, English, French) quarterly published by the Afro-Asian Writers Association from 1968 to 1991, for the development of critical and anticolonial pedagogies.
Revolutionary Print Culture in the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Shamshiri Marral 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Sawt al-Thawra (Voice of the Revolution) was the weekly bulletin of the anticolonial revolutionary movement in Dhufar, Oman, in the 1970s. It was published in Aden beginning in 1972 by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman and the Arabian Gulf (PFLOAG), or Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr ʻUmān wa-al-Khalīj al-ʻArabī in Arabic. This essay introduces the Sawt al-Thawra teaching tool, a resource that the author has created for the Revolutionary Papers project. It intends to supplement teaching and learning on the Dhufar Revolution, global history, anticolonialism and decolonization, social and political movements, and revolutionary print culture in the global 1970s.
Reputation Burning: Analyzing the Impact of Brand Sponsorship on Social Influencers
Authors: Cheng Mengjie (Magie) , Zhang Shunyuan 
Published: October 2024

The growth of the influencer marketing industry warrants an empirical examination of the effect of posting sponsored videos on influencers’ reputations. We collected a novel data set of user-generated YouTube videos created by prominent English-speaking influencers in the beauty and style category. We extracted a rich set of theory-driven video features and used DiNardo-Fortin-Lemieux reweighting to construct comparable treatment and control groups matched at the influencer-video level. The empirical analysis of the matched sample revealed a reputation-burning effect; that is, posting a sponsored video, compared with posting an equivalent organic video, cost the influencers 0.19% of their reputation (operationalized as the number of subscribers). The reputation-burning effect was stronger among the influencers with larger audiences. An analysis of likes, comments, and comment texts revealed a larger gap in audience response between sponsored and organic videos among the influencers with larger (versus smaller) audiences. The reputation-burning effect was mitigated when a high fit existed between the sponsored content and the influencer’s “usual” content and when the promoted brand was less well known. Our study empirically tested the assumption of several theoretical works. Moreover, it contributes to the literature on influencer marketing and celebrity endorsements and provides managerial implications for influencers, brands, and social media platforms. This paper was accepted by D. J. Wu, information systems. Funding: This research was supported by funding provided by Harvard Business School. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.00193 .
Optical and stress properties of ZrO2/SiO2 and TiO2/SiO2 anti-reflective coatings deposited by ion-beam-assisted deposition on a flexible substrate
Authors: Chen Hsi-Chao , Chang Chun-Hao , Chen Kun-Hong 
Published: October 2024

Dielectric films of ZrO2,TiO2, and SiO2 were deposited on flexible polycarbonate (PC) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates by using ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD). Each layer had a thickness ranging from 30 to 210 nm. The optical and anisotropic stress properties were investigated. Two anti-reflective coatings (ARCs), ZrO2/SiO2 and TiO2/SiO2, were selected and deposited on the PET flexible substrate. The anisotropic stresses of the single layer and ARCs were measured using a phase-shifting moiré interferometer. Experimental results showed that the optimal oxygen flow rates for the ZrO2,TiO2, and SiO2 films deposited with IBAD were 10, 10, and 15 sccm, respectively. The refractive index (n) was TiO2(2.37)>ZrO2(2.05)>SiO2(1.46), and the extinction coefficient (k) for all samples was below 10−3. The thermal expansion coefficient of the PC substrate was three times that of the PET substrate, and the high-refraction ZrO2 and TiO2 single-layer films presented cracks and distortions on the PC substrate. Only the low-refractive-index SiO2 sample did not present cracks. The three dielectric films did not crack or distort when deposited on the PET substrate. The anisotropic stress analysis provided the maximum principal and shear stresses for the three dielectric films on the PET substrate. Therefore, the maximum principal stress of the 210 nm single-layer film on a PET substrate is TiO2>ZrO2>SiO2. It was also discovered that the principal stress of the AR multilayer film is significantly decreased due to the damping stacking effect (DSE) of the high- and low-refractive-index materials, ZrO2/SiO2 ARC (−297.3MPa)>TiO2/SiO2ARC(−132.6MPa). Thus, the high packing density of TiO2 gives a better DSE than ZrO2.
Derivation and validation of an algorithm to predict transitions from community to residential long-term care among persons with dementia—A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Li Wenshan , Turcotte Luke , Hsu Amy T. , Talarico Robert , Qureshi Danial , Webber Colleen , Hawken Steven , Tanuseputro Peter , Manuel Douglas G. , Huyer Greg 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesTo develop and validate a model to predict time-to-LTC admissions among individuals with dementia.DesignPopulation-based retrospective cohort study using health administrative data.Setting and participantsCommunity-dwelling older adults (65+) in Ontario living with dementia and assessed with the Resident Assessment Instrument for Home Care (RAI-HC) between April 1, 2010 and March 31, 2017.MethodsIndividuals in the derivation cohort (n = 95,813; assessed before March 31, 2015) were followed for up to 360 days after the index RAI-HC assessment for admission into LTC. We used a multivariable Fine Gray sub-distribution hazard model to predict the cumulative incidence of LTC entry while accounting for all-cause mortality as a competing risk. The model was validated in 34,038 older adults with dementia with an index RAI-HC assessment between April 1, 2015 and March 31, 2017.ResultsWithin one year of a RAI-HC assessment, 35,513 (37.1%) individuals in the derivation cohort and 10,735 (31.5%) in the validation cohort entered LTC. Our algorithm was well-calibrated (Emax= 0.119, ICIavg= 0.057) and achieved a c-statistic of 0.707 (95% confidence interval: 0.703–0.712) in the validation cohort.Conclusions and implicationsWe developed an algorithm to predict time to LTC entry among individuals living with dementia. This tool can inform care planning for individuals with dementia and their family caregivers.
The basic income for care leavers in Wales pilot evaluation: Protocol of a quasi-experimental evaluation
Authors: Westlake David , Holland Sally , Sanders Michael , Schroeder Elizabeth , Pickett Kate E. , Johnson Matthew , Petrou Stavros , Hick Rod , Roberts Louise , Rodriguez-Guzman Guillermo , Vallis Dimitris , Fahr Patrick , Bezeczky Zoe , Mathur Vibhor , Lloyd Harriet 
Published: October 2024

Background
This study will evaluate the Basic Income for Care Leavers in Wales pilot (BIP), which is the most generous basic income scheme in the world. A cohort of care-experienced young people who become aged 18 during a 12-month enrolment period (July 2022-June 2023) are receiving £1,600 (before tax) per month for two years, and the Welsh Government intends this to have a range of benefits. This evaluation will examine the impact of BIP, the implementation of the pilot and how it is experienced, and its value for money.

Methods
The study is a theory-based quasi-experimental evaluation, and the design and methods are informed by ongoing co-production with care-experienced young people. We will estimate the impact of BIP on participants using self-reported survey data and routinely collected administrative data. This will include outcomes across a range of domains, including psychological wellbeing, physical and mental health, financial impact, education, training and volunteering. Comparisons between temporal (Welsh) and geographical (English, using administrative data) controls will be done using coarsened exact matching and difference in differences analysis. The process evaluation will examine how BIP is implemented and experienced, primarily through monitoring data (quantitative) and interview, observational, and focus group data (qualitative). The economic evaluation will take a public sector and a societal perspective to identify, measure and value the costs and outcomes of BIP, and to synthesise the evidence to inform a social cost-benefit analysis at 24 months post-intervention.

Discussion
BIP is unusual in that it targets a wide range of outcomes and is available to an entire national cohort of participants. The evaluation also has several practical constraints. Therefore, the study will use a range of methods and triangulate between different analyses to assess how successful it is. Findings will inform policy in relation to care leavers, social security and basic income studies worldwide.
Medical students’ perception of mobile learning during COVID-19 in Iran: A national study
Authors: Ahmady Soleiman , Khajeali Nasrin , Kohan Noushin , Zarei Afagh , Biswas Bikram , Barzegar Mohammad , Moghaddam Azadeh Kordestani 
Published: October 2024

Introduction
Mobile learning has gained significant attention in medical education in recent years. The COVID-19 crisis has further accelerated its adoption. A lack of research on student perceptions of mobile learning during pandemics limits strategies for maintaining education during these times. This study examines the perceptions of medical students in Iran regarding the mobile learning during COVID-19. It is imperative that these perceptions are understood to optimize mobile learning effectiveness in medical education during disruptions.

Method
A cross-sectional study was done in 2022 among 785 medical students in Iran who spent summer semester. Convenience sampling was used to select the sample. We used Biswas et al.’s scale for measuring medical students’ perceptions of mobile learning during pandemics. Face and content validity was determined by qualitative methods. Internal consistency was measured with Cronbach’s Alpha (0.79). Data was collected through an online questionnaire. To analyze the data, descriptive and analytical statistics were conducted with SPSS software at a significance level of p<0.05.

Results
In total, 1,200 medical students were asked to complete the survey, and 785 responded, resulting in a 65.4% response rate. Mobile learning has been embraced by majority of medical students, with Android devices being used the most frequently. They also have frequent access to the internet, and they rely on a wide range of apps and platforms for academic purposes. Students perceive mobile devices to be highly advantageous for improving subject knowledge (Mean = 4.71±0.58), accessing study materials (Mean = 4.44±0.75), and providing flexible learning opportunities (Mean = 4.40±0.79). Despite this, participants were less confident about the ability of mobile devices to assist with specific study problems (Mean = 3.12 ± 1.28), facilitate class discussions (Mean = 3.33 ± 1.38), and overcome screen size limitations (Mean = 3.32 ± 1.38).

Conclusion
Medical students in Iran have widely adopted mobile learning and perceive it as beneficial for acquiring knowledge, accessing material, and being flexible during COVID-19. M-learning’s effectiveness in specific learning activities must be investigated in further research, and concerns regarding problem-solving, discussion facilitation, and screen size limitations should be addressed.
Assessment of trabecular bone score using updated TBSTT in anorexia nervosa—The AN-BO study
Authors: Haschka Judith , Behanova Martina , Hans Didier , Arens Annina , Muschitz Christian , Dzirlo Larisa , Binder Julia , Kapiotis Stylianos , Zwerina Jochen , Resch Heinrich , Kocijan Roland 
Published: October 2024

Objective
Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is characterized by a distortion of body image, very low body weight, malnutrition and hormonal dysregulations, resulting in reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and impaired bone microarchitecture. The updated Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) algorithm accounts for soft tissue thickness (TBSTT) instead of BMI (TBSBMI). The aim of the study was to assess both TBS algorithms in adult AN patients compared to normal-weight controls(CTRL).

Method
This retrospective cross-sectional study investigated 34 adult female anorexia nervosa (AN) patients and 26 healthy normal-weighted age- and sex-matched controls (CTRL). Bone texture analysis was assessed by TBSTT and TBSBMI (TBS iNsight® V4.0 and V3.1), bone mineral density (BMD; lumbar spine LS, femoral neck, total hip) and body composition by DXA (GE Lunar iDXATM). Laboratory analyses included bone turnover markers (CTX; P1NP; sclerostin). Data analysis was performed using parametric (t-test) or non-parametric test (Mann-Whitney-U-Test) depending on normality, one-way ANCOVA and correlation analysis (Perason’s or Spearman’s).

Results
AN patients (BMI 14.7(1.6)) and CTRL (BMI 22.4(4.0)) were of comparable age (22.8(7.1) vs.25.0(4.0)years, p = 0.145). TBSTT(1.319±0.09 vs.1.502±0.07, p<0.001) and TBSBMI(1.317±0.10 vs.1.548±0.09, p<0.001) were significantly lower in AN patients compared to CTRL. Soft tissue thickness was lower in AN (p<0.001). Within the CTRL group, but not in AN, TBSTT and TBSBMI were significantly different (p<0.001). BMD was lower at all sites in AN patients (p<0.001 for all), being lowest at LS. Bone Mineral Content, Lean Body mass and Fat Mass were lower in AN (p<0.001). AN patients had lower P1NP (p = 0.05), but higher CTX (p = 0.001) and sclerostin (p = 0.003) levels.

Conclusion
Adult AN patients have lower TBSTT and TBSBMI, reduced BMD and an uncoupling of bone turnover. In AN both TBS algorithms show similar reduced trabecular bone microarchitecture. The observed difference of TBSTT and TBSBMI in CTRL with normal body composition highlight the importance of the new algorithm.
Sportspersonship orientation in the training process of young football players in different training contexts
Authors: Ortega Vila Gema , Robles Rodríguez José , Abad Robles Manuel Tomás , Ortega Toro Enrique , Alarcón López Francisco , Fuentes-Guerra Francisco Javier Giménez 
Published: October 2024

Background
Football plays a fundamental role in the lives of the boys and girls who play it and it can become an invaluable educational instrument. However, for introduction to football to be truly educational, it needs to be carefully planned and guided; otherwise, it may encourage negative and undesirable behaviour from a moral and ethical point of view. That way, many authors claim that a careful and deliberate initiation to football is necessary for the promotion of sportspersonship to become a reality.

Purpose
The goal of this research is to analyse the evolution of sportspersonship orientation in the social sports football schools of Fundación Real Madrid and in association football clubs. For this purpose, the Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientations Scale is used. The research involves 1509 male and female youth football players aged between 8 and 16 years (M = 10.9±2.2), of whom 952 belong to the social sports football schools of the Fundación Real Madrid and 547 to association football clubs.

Results
The most outstanding results show that the players of the social sports schools of Fundación Real Madrid obtain high values in sportspersonship orientation. Moreover, these values remain high in all categories, while they show a significant decrease in players from association football clubs.

Conclusions
The social sports model of Fundación Real Madrid can contribute to maintaining high levels of sportspersonship orientation throughout the player’s training process.
Die Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig in der Nachwendezeit
Authors: Henschke Ekkehard 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die Erneuerung der marxistisch-ideologisch belasteten Universität Leipzig nach der Wiedervereinigung 1990 berührte auch ihre Bibliothek. Deren Hauptbibliothek, die Bibliotheca Albertina, war seit 1945 eine Teilruine geblieben. Ihr Wiederaufbau bei laufendem Bibliotheksbetrieb dauerte zehn Jahre und beanspruchte die Kräfte der MitarbeiterInnen stark. Auch dank umfangreicher finanzieller Mittel und mehrerer bibliothekarisch-technischer Reformen gelang es, die Beschaffung von Literatur und Medien für die neuen Professoren zu beschleunigen und zugleich das stark zersplitterte Bibliothekssystem zu modernisieren.
Interventions to improve timely cancer diagnosis: an integrative review
Authors: Graber Mark L. , Winters Bradford D. , Matin Roni , Cholankeril Rosann T. , Murphy Daniel R. , Singh Hardeep , Bradford Andrea 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Cancer will affect more than one in three U.S. residents in their lifetime, and although the diagnosis will be made efficiently in most of these cases, roughly one in five patients will experience a delayed or missed diagnosis. In this integrative review, we focus on missed opportunities in the diagnosis of breast, lung, and colorectal cancer in the ambulatory care environment. From a review of 493 publications, we summarize the current evidence regarding the contributing factors to missed or delayed cancer diagnosis in ambulatory care, as well as evidence to support possible strategies for intervention. Cancer diagnoses are made after follow-up of a positive screening test or an incidental finding, or most commonly, by following up and clarifying non-specific initial presentations to primary care. Breakdowns and delays are unacceptably common in each of these pathways, representing failures to follow-up on abnormal test results, incidental findings, non-specific symptoms, or consults. Interventions aimed at ‘closing the loop’ represent an opportunity to improve the timeliness of cancer diagnosis and reduce the harm from diagnostic errors. Improving patient engagement, using ‘safety netting,’ and taking advantage of the functionality offered through health information technology are all viable options to address these problems.
Improvements in the randomness and security of digital currency using the photon sponge hash function through Maiorana–McFarland S-box replacement
Authors: Mohammed Asmaa A. , Rahma Abdul Monem S. , AbdulWahab Hala Bahjat 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
There is a demand for a digital currency that facilitates remote trading over the Internet and strives to reduce external control, ensuring that transactions are conducted only between authorized persons or parties involved in the transfer. The financial sector has been significantly impacted by cryptocurrency, or digital currency, which brings new potential and challenges. The concept of digital currency is thoroughly examined, as are its complicated implications on various aspects of the economy. Trading digital currencies via the Internet may be vulnerable to theft and forgery due to the development of hacker programs. Therefore, we proposed to design a new digital currency and then built a 16 × 16 structure and filled the matrix with random numbers within GF(251). We used the random algorithm (Chun–Hui He’s iteration), then generated four directions, and used polynomial equations for the purpose of distributing powers between the parties in our future complete system. The original matrix was encoded with the photon sponge hash function after updating the S box by integrating the algorithms (Chun–Hui He’s iteration, Mariorana–McFarland method), and the results were good security measures (correlation coefficient, bijective property, balanced criteria, completeness criteria, and strict avalanche criteria) as well as the encryption and decryption time became faster (0.0005202). The major objective is to design a new digital currency system toward achieving security, scalability, and comprehensive adoption, looking into how it might improve security, promote financial inclusion, and change the present payment systems.
The curvature entropy inequalities of convex bodies
Authors: Zhang Deyan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
There are many entropy inequalities in geometry, some of them can be seen as the Minkowski inequalities in the form of entropy, which play important roles in convex geometry. In this article, let

P

P

and

Q

Q

be convex bodies, we introduce the mixed curvature entropy

M

f

(

P
,
Q

)

{M}_{f}\left(P,Q)

and the curvature entropy

E

f

(

P
,
Q

)

{E}_{f}\left(P,Q)

with respect to a continuous function

f

f

. Moreover, we establish the

log

\log

-Minkowski inequalities of the mixed curvature entropy and the curvature entropy for two classes of three-dimensional convex bodies.