bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New minerals with a modular structure derived from hatrurite from the pyrometamorphic Hatrurim Complex. Part I. Nabimusaite, KCa12(SiO4)4(SO4)2O2F, from larnite rocks of Jabel Harmun, Palestinian Autonomy, Israel
Authors: Galuskin E. V. , Gfeller F. , Armbruster T. , Galuskina I. O. , Vapnik Y. , Murashko M. , Włodyka R. , Dzierżanowski P. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe new mineral nabimusaite, KCa12(SiO4)4(SO4)2O2F (R3m, a = 7.1905(4), c = 41.251(3) Å, V = 1847.1(2) Å3, Z = 3), has been discovered in larnite-ye' elimite nodules of pyrometamorphic rocks of the Hatrurim Complex. Nabimusaite is colourless, transparent with a white streak, has a vitreous lustre and does not show luminescence. It is brittle, but shows pronounced parting and imperfect cleavage along (001). Nabimusaite is uniaxial (–), ω = 1.644(2), ε = 1.640(2) (589 nm), nonpleochroic, Mohs' hardness is ∼5 and the calculated density is 3.119 g cm–3. The crystal structure has been solved and refined to R1 = 0.0416. Its artificial analogue is known. The nabimusaite structure may be derived from that of hatrurite, also known as the clinker phase 'alite' (C3S = Ca3SiO5), and is built up by an intercalation of three positively charged hatrurite-like modules of composition [Ca12(SiO4)4O2F]3+ with inserted modules of [K(SO4)2]3–. The hatrurite-like modules in nabimusaite are characterized by octahedrally coordinated anion sites and tetrahedrally coordinated cation sites. The structure is representative of the intercalated antiperovskite type. In contrast to its synthetic analogue, nabimusaite is P-bearing. The shortened bond T–O lengths for one tetrahedral site indicates P preference at the Si2 site, located at the border of the hatrurite-like modules. Significant variations of isomorphous substitutions in nabimusaite suggest the possibility of other isostructural minerals occurring in Nature. It also seems likely that nabimusaite could serve as a prototype for new advanced synthetic materials, given the discovery of two other new minerals in the Hatrurim Complex with related modular structures, placed in the nabimusaite group. These are zadovite and aradite, as described in a companion paper (Galuskin et al., 2015a).The mineral assemblage and paragenesis of nabimusaite suggests that nabimusaite formed as a result of the reaction of potassium-enriched, sulfate-bearing melt with larnite and ellestadite. This contradicts the isochemical model that pyrometamorphic rocks of the Hatrurim Complex formed relatively fast in a practically dry system.
Ralphcannonite, AgZn2TlAs2S6, a new mineral of the routhierite isotypic series from Lengenbach, Binn Valley, Switzerland
Authors: Bindi Luca , Biagioni Cristian , Raber Thomas , Roth Philippe , Nestola Fabrizio 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe new mineral species ralphcannonite, AgZn2TlAs2S6, was discovered in the Lengenbach quarry, Binn Valley, Wallis, Switzerland. It occurs as metallic black equant, isometric to prismatic crystals, up to 50 μm, associated with dufrénoysite, hatchite, realgar and baryte. Minimum and maximum reflectance data for COM wavelengths in air are [λ (nm): R (%)]: 471.1: 25.8/27.1; 548.3: 25.2/26.6; 586.6: 24.6/25.8; 652.3: 23.9/24.8. Electron microprobe analyses give (wt.%): Cu 2.01(6), Ag 8.50(16), Zn 10.94(20), Fe 3.25(8), Hg 7.92(12), Tl 24.58(26), As 18.36(19), Sb 0.17(4), S 24.03(21), total 99.76(71). On the basis of 12 atoms per formula unit, the chemical formula of ralphcannonite is Ag0.63(2)Cu0.25(2)Zn1.35(5)Fe0.47(1)Hg0.32(2)Tl0.97(3)[As1.97(6)Sb0.01(1)]Σ1.98(5)S6.03(8). The new mineral is tetragonal, space group I42m, with a = 9.861 (2), c = 11.125(3) Å, V = 1081.8(4) Å3, Z = 4. The main diffraction lines of the calculated powder diagram are [d (in Å), intensity, hkl]: 4.100, 85, 211; 3.471, 40, 103; 2.954, 100, 222; 2.465, 24, 400; 2.460, 39, 303. The crystal structure of ralphcannonite has been refined by X-ray single-crystal data to a final R1 = 0.030, on the basis of 140 observed reflections [Fo > 4σ(Fo)]. It shows a three dimensional framework of (Ag,Zn)-centred tetrahedra (1 M1 + 2 M2), with channels parallel to [001] hosting TlS6 and (As,Sb)S3 disymmetric polyhedra. Ralphcannonite is derived from its isotype routhierite M1CuM2Hg2TlAs2S6 through the double heterovalent substitution M1Cu+ + M2Hg2+ → M1Zn2+ + M2Ag+. This substitution obeys a steric constraint, with Ag+, the largest cation relative to Zn2+ and Cu+, entering the largest M2 site, as observed in arsiccioite. The ideal crystal-chemical formula of ralphcannonite is M1ZnM2(Zn0.5Ag0.5)2TlAs2S6.
Antipinite, KNa3Cu2(C2O4)4, a new mineral species from a guano deposit at Pabellón de Pica, Chile
Authors: Chukanov Nikita V. , Aksenov Sergey M. , Rastsvetaeva Ramiza K. , Lyssenko Konstantin A. , Belakovskiy Dmitriy I. , Färber Gunnar , Möhn Gerhard , Van Konstantin V. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe new oxalate mineral antipinite is found in a guano deposit located on the Pabellón de Pica Mountain, Iquique Province, Tarapacá Region, Chile. Associated minerals are halite, salammoniac, chanabayaite, joanneumite and clays. Antipinite occurs as blue, imperfect, short prismatic crystals up to 0.1 mm × 0.1 mm × 0.15 mm in size, as well as their clusters and random aggregates. The mineral is brittle. Mohs hardness is 2; Dmeas = 2.53(3), Dcalc = 2.549 g cm–3. The infrared spectrum shows the presence of oxalate anions and the absence of absorptions associated with H2O molecules, C–H bonds, CO32–, NO3– and OH– ions. Antipinite is optically biaxial (+), α = 1.432(3), β = 1.530(1), γ = 1.698(5), 2Vmeas = 75(10)°, 2Vcalc = 82°. The chemical composition (electron-microprobe data, C measured by gas chromatography of products of ignition at 1200°C, wt.%) is Na2O 15.95, K2O 5.65, CuO 27.34, C2O3 48.64, total 99.58. The empirical formula is K0.96Na3.04Cu2.03(C2.00O4)4 and the idealized formula is KNa3Cu2(C2O4)4. The crystal structure was solved and refined to R = 0.033 based upon 4085 unique reflections with I > 2σ(I). Antipinite is triclinic, space group P1, a = 7.1574(5), b = 10.7099(8), c = 11.1320(8) Å, α = 113.093(1), β = 101.294(1), γ = 90.335 (1)°, V = 766.51(3) Å3, Z = 2. The strongest reflections of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern [d, Å (I,%) (hkl)] are 5.22 (40) (111), 3.47 (100) (032), 3.39 (80) (210), 3.01 (30) (033, 220), 2.543 (40) (122, 034, 104), 2.481 (30) (213), 2.315 (30) (143, 310), 1.629 (30) (146, 414, 243, 160).
Minjiangite, BaBe2(PO4)2, a new mineral from Nanping No. 31 pegmatite, Fujian Province, southeastern China
Authors: Rao C. , Hatert F. , Wang R. C. , Gu X. P. , Bo F. Dal , Dong C. W. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractMinjiangite, ideally BaBe2(PO4)2, is a new mineral species which has been found in the Nanping No. 31 pegmatite, Fujian Province, southeastern China. It occurs in the fractures of montebrasite from pegmatite zone IV, and is associated with quartz, muscovite, hydroxylapatite and palermoite. Minjiangite forms subhedral to euhedral white crystals from 5 to 200 μm long, transparent to translucent, with a vitreous lustre. The estimated Mohs hardness is ∼6, the tenacity is brittle and no cleavage was observed. The calculated density is 3.49 g/cm3. Optically, minjiangite is uniaxial (+), with ω = 1.587(3), ε = 1.602(2) (λ = 589 nm). Electron-microprobe analyses (average of 8) give P2O5 40.16, BaO 43.01, BeO 14.06 (measured by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry), SiO2 0.17, CaO 0.17, SrO 0.08, FeO 0.03, MgO 0.01, TiO2 0.07, K2O 0.05, Na2O 0.11, total 97.92 wt.%. The empirical formula, calculated on the basis of 8 O a.p.f.u., is (Ba0.99Ca0.01Na0.01)Σ1.01Be1.98(P1.99Si0.01)Σ2.00O8. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of minjiangite perfectly fits that of synthetic BaBe2(PO4)2; the strongest eight lines of the powder XRD pattern of the natural phosphate [d in Å (I)(hkl)] are: 3.763(100)(101); 2.836(81.3)(102); 2.515(32.3)(110); 2.178(25.6)(200); 2.1620(19)(103); 2.090(63.9)(201); 1.770(16.2)(113); 1.507(25.4)(212). Unit-cell parameters, refined from the powder XRD pattern of natural minjiangite, are a = 5.030(8), c = 7.467 (2) Å, V = 163.96(3) Å3. These unit-cell parameters confirm that minjiangite is the natural analogue of synthetic BaBe2(PO4)2(P6/mmm, a = 5.029(1), c = 7.466 (1) Å, V = 163.52(1) Å3, Z = 1); its crystal structure is topologically similar to that of dmisteinbergite, CaAl2Si2O8, a hexagonal polymorph of anorthite. The formation of minjiangite is related to the hydrothermal alteration of montebrasite by late Ba- and Be-rich fluids.
Yeomanite, Pb2O(OH)Cl, a new chain-structured Pb oxychloride from Merehead Quarry, Somerset, England
Authors: Turner R. W. , Siidra O. I. , Rumsey M. S. , Polekhovsky Y. S. , Kretser Y. L. , Krivovichev S. V. , Spratt J. , Stanley C. J. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractYeomanite, Pb2O(OH)Cl, is a new Pb-oxychloride found in the manganese pod mineral assemblage at Merehead (Torr Works) Quarry, near Cranmore, Somerset, England. Yeomanite is named in joint recognition of Mrs Angela Yeoman (1931–) and her company, Foster Yeoman, who operated Merehead Quarry for aggregate until 2006. The mineral is normally white, occasionally grey, with a white streak and a vitreous to transparent lustre. Invariably intimately associated with mendipite, yeomanite appears to be formed of small, twisted, rope-like fibres growing from the end of columnar mendipite masses, forming loose mats and strands resembling asbestos. Individual fibres are generally <8 mm long, but exceptionally may reach up to 15 mm. There is a perfect cleavage parallel to the long axis of the fibres but this is masked by the fibrous nature, especially as individual fibres break easily. The Dcalc for the ideal formula is 7.303 g/cm3. The mean RI in air at 589 nm is 2.27. The eight strongest reflections in the powder X-ray diffraction pattern [(d in Å) (Intensity) (hkl)] are: 2.880(100)(113); 2.802(78)(006); 3.293(61)(200); 3.770(32)(011); 2.166(22)(206); 1.662(19)(119); 2.050(18)(303); 3.054(17)(105) Yeomanite is orthorhombic, Pnma, a = 6.585(10), b = 3.855(6), c = 17.26(1) Å, V = 438(1) Å3, Z = 4. Yeomanite is a new example of the growing family of lead oxychloride minerals that have a structure based upon oxocentred OPb4 tetrahedra, which, in this mineral, jointly with OHPb3 triangles, form [O(OH)Pb2]+ chains similar to those observed in synthetic Pb2O(OH)I. Yeomanite is structurally related to sidpietersite, penfieldite and laurionite.
Thrombin and fibrinogen γ′ impact clot structure by marked effects on intrafibrillar structure and protofibril packing
Authors: Domingues Marco M. , Macrae Fraser L. , Duval Cédric , McPherson Helen R. , Bridge Katherine I. , Ajjan Ramzi A. , Ridger Victoria C. , Connell Simon D. , Philippou Helen , Ariëns Robert A. S. 
Published: November 2015

Key PointsThrombin and fibrinogen γ′ regulate protofibril packing within fibrin fibers and thereby influence clot stiffness. Fibrin analysis after dehydration (e.g. electron microscopy) overestimates changes in fiber size due to effects on protofibril packing.
3D structured illumination microscopy of mammalian embryos and spermatozoa
Authors: Popken Jens , Dahlhoff Maik , Guengoer Tuna , Wolf Eckhard , Zakhartchenko Valeri 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Background
Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy performed via 3D structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) is well established on flat, adherent cells. However, blastomeres of mammalian embryos are non-adherent, round and large. Scanning whole mount mammalian embryos with 3D-SIM is prone to failure due to the movement during scanning and the large distance to the cover glass.

Results
Here we present a highly detailed protocol that allows performing 3D-SIM on blastomeres of mammalian embryos with an image quality comparable to scans in adherent cells. This protocol was successfully tested on mouse, rabbit and cattle embryos and on rabbit spermatozoa.

Conclusions
Our protocol provides detailed instructions on embryo staining, blastomere isolation, blastomere attachment, embedding, correct oil predictions, scanning conditions, and oil correction choices after the first scan. Finally, the most common problems are documented and solutions are suggested. To our knowledge, this protocol presents for the first time a highly detailed and practical way to perform 3D-SIM on mammalian embryos and spermatozoa.
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of intravenously injected adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells in dogs with acute spinal cord injury
Authors: Kim Yongsun , Jo Sung-ho , Kim Wan Hee , Kweon Oh-Kyeong 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIntroductionMesenchymal stem cells can potentially be used in therapy for spinal cord injury (SCI). Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) has been used as a scavenging agent in acute SCI treatment, but its use no longer recommended. This study aimed to identify ways to reduce the usage and risk of high doses of glucocorticoid steroids, and determine whether AD-MSCs could be used as an early alternative treatment modality for acute SCI.MethodsSixteen adult beagle dogs with SCI were assigned to four treatment groups: control, MPSS, AD-MSCs, and AD-MSCs + MPSS. Additionally, one dog was used to evaluate the distribution of AD-MSCs in the body after injection. AD-MSCs (1 × 107cells) were injected intravenously once a day for 3 days beginning at 6 hours post-SCI. MPSS was also injected intravenously according to the standard protocol for acute SCI. A revised Tarlov scale was used to evaluate hindlimb functional recovery. The levels of markers for oxidative metabolism (3-nitrotyrosine, 4-hydroxynonenal, and protein carbonyl) and inflammation (cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α) were also measured.ResultsAt 7 days post-treatment, hindlimb movement had improved in the AD-MSCs and AD-MSCs + MPSS groups; however, subjects in the groups treated with MPSS exhibited gastrointestinal hemorrhages. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed fewer hemorrhages and lesser microglial infiltration in the AD-MSCs group. The green fluorescent protein-expressing AD-MSCs were clearly detected in the lung, spleen, and injured spinal cord; however, these cells were not detected in the liver and un-injured spinal cord. Levels of 3-nitrotyrosine were decreased in the MPSS and AD-MSCs + MPSS groups; 4-hydroxynenonal and cyclooxygenase-2 levels were decreased in all treatment groups; and interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and phosphorylated-signal transducer and activator transcription 3 levels were decreased in the AD-MSCs and AD-MSCs + MPSS groups.ConclusionOur results suggest that early intravenous injection of AD-MSCs after acute SCI may prevent further damage through enhancement of antioxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, without inducing adverse effects. Additionally, this treatment could also be used as an alternative intravenous treatment modality for acute SCI.
Exemplary multiplex bisulfite amplicon data used to demonstrate the utility of Methpat
Authors: Wong Nicholas C. , Pope Bernard J. , Candiloro Ida , Korbie Darren , Trau Matt , Wong Stephen Q. , Mikeska Thomas , van Denderen Bryce J. W. , Thompson Erik W. , Eggers Stefanie , Doyle Stephen R. , Dobrovic Alexander 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Background
DNA methylation is a complex epigenetic marker that can be analyzed using a wide variety of methods. Interpretation and visualization of DNA methylation data can mask complexity in terms of methylation status at each CpG site, cellular heterogeneity of samples and allelic DNA methylation patterns within a given DNA strand. Bisulfite sequencing is considered the gold standard, but visualization of massively parallel sequencing results remains a significant challenge.

Findings
We created a program called Methpat that facilitates visualization and interpretation of bisulfite sequencing data generated by massively parallel sequencing. To demonstrate this, we performed multiplex PCR that targeted 48 regions of interest across 86 human samples. The regions selected included known gene promoters associated with cancer, repetitive elements, known imprinted regions and mitochondrial genomic sequences. We interrogated a range of samples including human cell lines, primary tumours and primary tissue samples. Methpat generates two forms of output: a tab-delimited text file for each sample that summarizes DNA methylation patterns and their read counts for each amplicon, and a HTML file that summarizes this data visually. Methpat can be used with publicly available whole genome bisulfite sequencing and reduced representation bisulfite sequencing datasets with sufficient read depths.

Conclusions
Using Methpat, complex DNA methylation data derived from massively parallel sequencing can be summarized and visualized for biological interpretation. By accounting for allelic DNA methylation states and their abundance in a sample, Methpat can unmask the complexity of DNA methylation and yield further biological insight in existing datasets.
Antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1-infected individuals with CD4 count below 100 cells/mm3 results in differential recovery of monocyte activation
Authors: Patro Sean C , Azzoni Livio , Joseph Jocelin , Fair Matthew G , Sierra-Madero Juan G , Rassool Mohammed S , Sanne Ian , Montaner Luis J 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Reversal of monocyte and macrophage activation and the relationship to viral suppression and T cell activation are unknown in patients with advanced HIV-1 infection, initiating antiretroviral therapy. This study aimed to determine whether reduction in biomarkers of monocyte and macrophage activation would be reduced in conjunction with viral suppression and resolution of T cell activation. Furthermore, we hypothesized that the addition of CCR5 antagonism (by maraviroc) would mediate greater reduction of monocyte/macrophage activation markers than suppressive antiretroviral therapy alone. In the CCR5 antagonism to decrease the incidence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome study, antiretroviral therapy-naïve patients received maraviroc or placebo in addition to standard antiretroviral therapy. PBMCs and plasma from 65 patients were assessed during 24 wk of antiretroviral therapy for biomarkers of monocyte and macrophage activation. Markers of monocyte and macrophage activation were reduced significantly by 24 wk, including CD14++CD16+ intermediate monocytes (P &lt; 0.0001), surface CD163 (P = 0.0004), CD169 (P &lt; 0.0001), tetherin (P = 0.0153), and soluble CD163 (P &lt; 0.0001). A change in CD38+, HLA-DR+ CD8 T cells was associated with changes in CD169 and tetherin expression. Maraviroc did not affect biomarkers of monocyte/macrophage activation but resulted in greater percentages of CCR5-positive monocytes in PBMC. HIV-1 suppression after 24 wk of antiretroviral therapy, with or without maraviroc, demonstrates robust recovery in monocyte subset activation markers, whereas soluble markers of activation demonstrate minimal decrease, qualitatively differentiating markers of monocyte/macrophage activation in advanced disease.
Structural and Photoelectrical Characterization of Thin Films of a Novel Amphiphilic Oxa[9]helicene Derivative
Authors: Miah Md Jalil , Shahabuddin Mohammad , Karikomi Michinori , Salim Mohammad , Nasuno Eri , Kato Norihiro , Iimura Ken-ichi 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Polycyclic, highly-conjugated, and ortho-fused aromatic compound, 9-tetraethyleneglycoxy-11-oxa[9]helicene (TO9H), was synthesized and used to explore the feasibility of fabricating thin films and the photoelectrochemical properties of resultant films. Since TO9H has both the hydrophobic helicene part and the hydrophilic tetraethyleneglycoxy (TEG) chain, it behaved as a water-insoluble amphiphile and hence formed a stable Langmuir monolayer at the air–water interface. Homogeneous films with thickness up to a few hundred angstroms were deposited by using a spin-coating method. Both of the monolayers and the spin-coated films were characterized by several methods. Brewster angle microscopic (BAM) images and atomic force microscopic (AFM) topographic images revealed the homogeneous surface of the TO9H monolayer at the air–water interface and of the deposited monolayer and films on solid substrates, respectively. By using an X-ray reflectivity (XR) technique, the thickness, roughness, and electron density of layers or films were determined. The photocurrent evolution was measured using conventional three-electrode systems with light irradiation from a xenon lamp and obtained results showed that the compound TO9H generated a substantial amount of photocurrent under illumination of light.
The ways of effectiveness improving of debt recovery of citizens in housing and communal services
Authors: Хаванова Наталья , Khavanova Natalya , Литвинова Елена , Litvinova Elena 
Published: November 2015

One of the most significant tasks and problems amplifying every year for all heads of management companies and other organizations of a housing and municipal complex is the effective legal department receivables of the enterprises of branch.
Today the debt of the population on payment for utilities is the most widespread type of a debt in relationship between management companies, the supplying resources organizations and consumers of services of housing and communal services. For this reason the majority of the disputes, which are at permission in courts of law, arise between the organizations of housing and communal services, natural and legal entities.
In the article actual problems of compensation of debts of the population on payment of housing-and-municipal services are considered, the main reasons for emergence of non-payments, and also difficulties of management companies in work with defaulters are established. The statistical material characterizing the volume of debt for housing-and-municipal services in the country including by regions of Russia is given. On the base of considering of the debt structure is revealed that its main part is made by debts on heat supply. The special attention in article is paid to the transition tendency arising now from delay by citizens of payment of obligatory payments to systematic failure to pay that causes the necessity of acceptance of urgent measures for strengthening of discipline of payments. Various ways of impact of management companies and associations of owners of housing on unfair residents are given. In article on the basis of the review of legislative initiatives the offers on ensuring repayment of debt on housing-and-municipal services directed on improvement of payment discipline of consumers of services, increase of mutually responsibility of all subjects of system of the relations, and also on providing necessary conditions for effective work of the organizations and the enterprises of branch are considered. It is noted that against the possible growth of volume of debts formation among the population of steady understanding of importance of timely fee of a housing-and-municipal complex becomes topical issue.