bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential Phosphorylation Provides a Switch to Control How α-Arrestin Rod1 Down-regulates Mating Pheromone Response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Alvaro Christopher G , Aindow Ann , Thorner Jeremy 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are integral membrane proteins that initiate stimulus-dependent activation of cognate heterotrimeric G-proteins, triggering ensuing downstream cellular responses. Tight regulation of GPCR-evoked pathways is required because prolonged stimulation can be detrimental to an organism. Ste2, a GPCR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that mediates response of MATa haploids to the peptide mating pheromone α-factor, is down-regulated by both constitutive and agonist-induced endocytosis. Efficient agonist-stimulated internalization of Ste2 requires its association with an adaptor protein, the α-arrestin Rod1/Art4, which recruits the HECT-domain ubiquitin ligase Rsp5, allowing for ubiquitinylation of the C-terminal tail of the receptor and its engagement by the clathrin-dependent endocytic machinery. We previously showed that dephosphorylation of Rod1 by calcineurin (phosphoprotein phosphatase 2B) is required for optimal Rod1 function in Ste2 down-regulation. We show here that negative regulation of Rod1 by phosphorylation is mediated by two distinct stress-activated protein kinases, Snf1/AMPK and Ypk1/SGK1, and demonstrate both in vitro and in vivo that this phospho-regulation impedes the ability of Rod1 to promote mating pathway desensitization. These studies also revealed that, in the absence of its phosphorylation, Rod1 can promote adaptation independently of Rsp5-mediated receptor ubiquitinylation, consistent with recent evidence that α-arrestins can contribute to cargo recognition by both clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent mechanisms. However, in cells lacking a component (formin Bni1) required for clathrin-independent entry, Rod1 derivatives that are largely unphosphorylated and unable to associate with Rsp5 still promote efficient adaptation, indicating a third mechanism by which this α-arrestin promotes desensitization of the pheromone-response pathway.
Responding to Acute Care Needs of Patients With Cancer: Recent Trends Across Continents
Authors: Young Alison , Marshall Ernie , Krzyzanowska Monika , Robinson Bridget , Brown Sean , Collinson Fiona , Seligmann Jennifer , Abbas Afroze , Rees Adrian , Swinson Daniel , Neville-Webbe Helen , Selby Peter 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Remarkable progress has been made over the past decade in cancer medicine. Personalized medicine, driven by biomarker predictive factors, novel biotherapy, novel imaging, and molecular targeted therapeutics, has improved outcomes. Cancer is becoming a chronic disease rather than a fatal disease for many patients. However, despite this progress, there is much work to do if patients are to receive continuous high-quality care in the appropriate place, at the appropriate time, and with the right specialized expert oversight. Unfortunately, the rapid expansion of therapeutic options has also generated an ever-increasing burden of emergency care and encroaches into end-of-life palliative care. Emergency presentation is a common consequence of cancer and of cancer treatment complications. It represents an important proportion of new presentations of previously undiagnosed malignancy. In the U.K. alone, 20%–25% of new cancer diagnoses are made following an initial presentation to the hospital emergency department, with a greater proportion in patients older than 70 years. This late presentation accounts for poor survival outcomes and is often associated with poor patient experience and poorly coordinated care. The recent development of acute oncology services in the U.K. aims to improve patient safety, quality of care, and the coordination of care for all patients with cancer who require emergency access to care, irrespective of the place of care and admission route. Furthermore, prompt management coordinated by expert teams and access to protocol-driven pathways have the potential to improve patient experience and drive efficiency when services are fully established. The challenge to leaders of acute oncology services is to develop bespoke models of care, appropriate to local services, but with an opportunity for acute oncology teams to engage cancer care strategies and influence cancer care and delivery in the future. This will aid the integration of highly specialized cancer treatment with high-quality care close to home and help avoid hospital admission.
Media Reporting of Practice-Changing Clinical Trials in Oncology: A North American Perspective
Authors: Andrew Peter , Vickers Michael M. , O’Connor Stephen , Valdes Mario , Tang Patricia A. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

Introduction.
Media reporting of clinical trials impacts patient-oncologist interactions. We sought to characterize the accuracy of media and Internet reporting of practice-changing clinical trials in oncology.

Materials and Methods.
The first media articles referencing 17 practice-changing clinical trials were collected from 4 media outlets: newspapers, cable news, cancer websites, and industry websites. Measured outcomes were media reporting score, social media score, and academic citation score. The media reporting score was a measure of completeness of information detailed in media articles as scored by a 15-point scoring instrument. The social media score represented the ubiquity of social media presence referencing 17 practice-changing clinical trials in cancer as determined by the American Society of Clinical Oncology in its annual report, entitled Clinical Cancer Advances 2012; social media score was calculated from Twitter, Facebook, and Google searches. The academic citation score comprised total citations from Google Scholar plus the Scopus database, which represented the academic impact per clinical cancer advance.

Results.
From 170 media articles, 107 (63%) had sufficient data for analysis. Cohen’s κ coefficient demonstrated reliability of the media reporting score instrument with a coefficient of determination of 94%. Per the media reporting score, information was most complete from industry, followed by cancer websites, newspapers, and cable news. The most commonly omitted items, in descending order, were study limitations, exclusion criteria, conflict of interest, and other. The social media score was weakly correlated with academic citation score.

Conclusion.
Media outlets appear to have set a low bar for coverage of many practice-changing advances in oncology, with reports of scientific breakthroughs often omitting basic study facts and cautions, which may mislead the public. The media should be encouraged to use a standardized reporting template and provide accessible references to original source information whenever feasible.
Prognostic Implication of the Absolute Lymphocyte to Absolute Monocyte Count Ratio in Patients With Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated With Doxorubicin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine, and Dacarbazine or Equivalent Regimens
Authors: Vassilakopoulos Theodoros P. , Dimopoulou Maria N. , Angelopoulou Maria K. , Petevi Kyriaki , Pangalis Gerassimos A. , Moschogiannis Maria , Dimou Maria , Boutsikas George , Kanellopoulos Alexandros , Gainaru Gabriella , Plata Eleni , Flevari Pagona , Koutsi Katerina , Papageorgiou Loula , Telonis Vassilios , Tsaftaridis Panayiotis , Sachanas Sotirios , Yiakoumis Xanthoula , Tsirkinidis Pantelis , Viniou Nora-Athina , Siakantaris Marina P. , Variami Eleni , Kyrtsonis Marie-Christine , Meletis John , Panayiotidis Panayiotis , Konstantopoulos Kostas 
Published: February 2016

AbstractLow absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) to absolute monocyte count (AMC) ratio (ALC/AMC) is an independent prognostic factor in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), but different cutoffs (1.1, 1.5, and 2.9) have been applied. We aimed to validate the prognostic significance of ALC/AMC in 537 homogenously treated (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine or equivalents ± radiotherapy) classical HL patients at various cutoffs. The median ALC/AMC was 2.24 (0.44–20.50). The median AMC was 0.653 × 109/L (0.050–2.070). Lower ALC/AMC was associated with established markers of adverse prognosis. In total, 477 (89%), 418 (78%), and 189 (35%) patients had an ALC/AMC ratio of ≥1.1, ≥1.5, and ≥2.9; respectively; 20% had monocytosis (≥0.9 × 109/L). Ten-year time to progression (TTP) was 77% versus 55% for patients with ALC/AMC ≥1.1 and &lt;1.1 (p = .0002), 76% versus 68% for ALC/AMC ≥1.5 and &lt;1.5 (p = .049), 77% versus 73% for ALC/AMC ≥2.9 and &lt;2.9 (p = .35), and 79% versus 70% for ALC/AMC ≥2.24 and &lt;2.24 (p = .08), respectively. In stages ΙΑ/ΙΙΑ and in patients ≥60 years old, ALC/AMC had no significant effect on TTP. In advanced stages, ALC/AMC was significant only at the cutoff of 1.1 (10-year TTP 67% vs. 48%; p = .016). In younger, advanced-stage patients, the differences were more pronounced. In multivariate analysis of TTP, ALC/AMC &lt; 1.1 (p = .007) and stage IV (p &lt; .001) were independent prognostic factors; ALC/AMC was independent of International Prognostic Score in another model. ALC/AMC was more predictive of overall survival than TTP. At the cutoff of 1.1, ALC/AMC had independent prognostic value in multivariate analysis. However, the prognostically inferior group comprised only 11% of patients. Further research is needed prior to the widespread use of this promising marker.
The Changing Landscape of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma: A European Perspective
Authors: Caers Jo , Fernández de Larrea Carlos , Leleu Xavier , Heusschen Roy , Zojer Niklas , Decaux Olivier , Kastritis Efstathios , Minnema Monique , Jurczyszyn Artur , Beguin Yves , Wäsch Ralph , Palumbo Antonio , Dimopoulos Meletios , Mateos Maria Victoria , Ludwig Heinz , Engelhardt Monika 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is an asymptomatic clonal plasma cell disorder and bridges monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to multiple myeloma (MM), based on higher levels of circulating monoclonal immunoglobulin and bone marrow plasmocytosis without end-organ damage. Until a Spanish study reported fewer MM-related events and better overall survival among patients with high-risk SMM treated with lenalidomide and dexamethasone, prior studies had failed to show improved survival with earlier intervention, although a reduction in skeletal-related events (without any impact on disease progression) has been described with bisphosphonate use. Risk factors have now been defined, and a subset of ultra-high-risk patients have been reclassified by the International Myeloma Working Group as MM, and thus will require optimal MM treatment, based on biomarkers that identify patients with a &gt;80% risk of progression. The number of these redefined patients is small (∼10%), but important to unravel, because their risk of progression to overt MM is substantial (≥80% within 2 years). Patients with a high-risk cytogenetic profile are not yet considered for early treatment, because groups are heterogeneous and risk factors other than cytogenetics are deemed to weight higher. Because patients with ultra-high-risk SMM are now considered as MM and may be treated as such, concerns exist that earlier therapy may increase the risk of selecting resistant clones and induce side effects and costs. Therefore, an even more accurate identification of patients who would benefit from interventions needs to be performed, and clinical judgment and careful discussion of pros and cons of treatment initiation need to be undertaken. For the majority of SMM patients, the standard of care remains observation until development of symptomatic MM occurs, encouraging participation in ongoing and upcoming SMM/early MM clinical trials, as well as consideration of bisphosphonate use in patients with early bone loss.
A Systematic Review of Adherence to Oral Antineoplastic Therapies
Authors: Greer Joseph A. , Amoyal Nicole , Nisotel Lauren , Fishbein Joel N. , MacDonald James , Stagl Jamie , Lennes Inga , Temel Jennifer S. , Safren Steven A. , Pirl William F. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

Background.
Oral antineoplastic therapies not only improve survival but also reduce the burden of care for patients. Yet patients and clinicians face new challenges in managing adherence to these oral therapies. We conducted a systematic literature review to assess rates and correlates of adherence to oral antineoplastic therapies and interventions aimed at improving adherence.

Methods.
Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive literature search of the Ovid MEDLINE database from January 1, 2003 to June 30, 2015, using relevant terminology for oral antineoplastic agents. We included observational, database, and intervention studies. At least two researchers evaluated each paper to ensure accuracy of results and determine risk of bias.

Results.
We identified 927 records from the search and screened 214 abstracts. After conducting a full-text review of 167 papers, we included in the final sample 51 papers on rates/correlates of adherence to oral antineoplastic therapy and 12 papers on intervention studies to improve adherence. Rates of adherence varied widely, from 46% to 100%, depending on patient sample, medication type, follow-up period, assessment measure, and calculation of adherence. Of the intervention studies, only 1 of the randomized trials and 2 of the cohort studies showed benefit regarding adherence, with the majority suffering high risk of bias.

Conclusions.
Although no reliable estimate of adherence to oral antineoplastic therapies can be gleaned from the literature, a substantial proportion of patients struggle to adhere to these medications as prescribed. The few intervention studies for adherence have notable methodological concerns, thereby limiting the evidence to guide practice in promoting medication adherence among patients with cancer.
Efecto del riego deficitario controlado en las tasas de crecimiento del fruto de pera (<i>Pyrus communis</i> L.), var. Triunfo de Viena
Authors: Molina-Ochoa María Jaqueline , Vélez-Sánchez Javier Enrique , Rodríguez Pedro 
Published: February 2016

<p>De octubre de 2011 a abril de 2012 se realizó un experimento de riego deficitario controlado (RDC) en un cultivo de peral, variedad Triunfo de Viena que consistió en la aplicación de tres tratamientos de riego: El primer tratamiento, el control, regado durante todo el año al 100% de la evapotranspiración potencial (ETc), el segundo (T1) y tercer tratamiento (T2), se regaron durante casi todo el año al 100% de la (ETc) y durante la etapa de crecimiento rápido del fruto al 67% y 55% de la (ETc), respectivamente. La (ETo) se determinó mediante la ecuación de Penman-Monteith. Los resultados indican que ninguno de los tratamientos difirió significativamente del control en cuanto al crecimiento del fruto, obteniéndose un ahorro de agua del 33 y 45%, respecto al control en el T1 y T2, respectivamente durante la aplicación diferencial del riego, siguiendo una curva sigmoide ajustada a una ecuación logística de tres parámetros. </p>
Efecto de diversos aislamientos de <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. en la absorción de nutrientes en frijol (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>) en dos tipos de suelo
Authors: Hoyos-Carvajal Lilliana , Cardona Andrés , Osorio Walter , Orduz Sergio 
Published: February 2016

<p><em>Trichoderma</em> es un género de hongos ampliamente conocido por la supresión de patógenos y la promoción del crecimiento en plantas, aumentando la disponibilidad y la absorción de nutrientes, incrementando concentraciones foliares de nutrientes en diferentes plantas. Con el objetivo de probar y prospectar el uso agrícola de aislamientos nativos colombianos, siete aislamientos previamente seleccionados en pruebas in vitro, fueron probados para medir su efecto sobre los niveles de nutrientes y variables de crecimiento en fríjol bajo condiciones de invernadero. Para ello se sembraron las plantas en un Andisol y en un Ultisol como sustrato, luego estas fueron inoculadas con las diferentes cepas de <em>Trichoderma</em>. En estas plantas de frijol se cuantificó el tiempo para alcanzar las diferentes etapas o estadios del cultivo. En floración se midieron área foliar, número de nudos y materia seca así como la concentración foliar de N, P, K, S, Mg, Ca, Fe, Zn, B, Cu y Mn. En cuanto a solubilización de nutrientes, en plantas establecidas en andisoles, la inoculación con algunos aislamientos de <em>Trichoderma</em> incrementa las concentraciones foliares de Cu, Fe, Ca, Mg y K con diferencias estadísticas significativas. En Ultisoles las concentraciones foliares de P y Cu son mayores en plantas de fríjol inoculadas con <em>Trichoderma</em>, ratificando el efecto positivo del hongo en la concentración foliar de nutrientes. Demostrando que la solubilización de nutrientes por <em>Trichoderma</em> es un fenómeno influenciado por el sustrato o suelo agrícola entre otros factores.</p>
Escuelas de Campo en papa y su aporte en la construcción de procesos organizativos en dos municipios colombianos
Authors: Pérez P. Javier Orlando , Pachón-Ariza Fabio Alberto , Parrado B. Álvaro 
Published: February 2016

<p>Las Escuelas de Campo (ECA) son una de las metodologías más practicadas para transmitir conocimiento y solucionar problemas en diferentes escenarios. En agricultura, las ECA sido adoptadas en muchos países en desarrollo como una estrategia sólida y barata para abarcar muchos actores en los procesos de capacitación. Este artículo muestra los resultados de dos Escuelas de Campo en papa adelantadas en Ubaque y Chipaque, dos municipios de la Región Central de Colombia. Después de una evaluación a través de una encuesta estructurada a todos los participantes en estas ECA, se evidencia un mejoramiento en aspectos técnicos. Sin embargo, los hallazgos indican que los procesos organizacionales son menos relevantes que los técnicos. Adicionalmente, es importante que los productores siempre tengan acceso a las metodologías descritas en las ECA, con el fin de usar estas herramientas exitosamente. </p>
Morphological characterization of elite cacao trees (<i>Theobroma cacao</i> L.) in Tumaco, Nariño, Colombia
Authors: Ballesteros P. William , Lagos B. Tulio César , L. Hugo Ferney 
Published: February 2016

The cacao has become an essential part of the fight against the effects of illegal crops and rural poverty in Colombia. Because of their bromatological characteristics, cocoa beans are preferred in markets. However, there are few studies on the variability of the regional genotypes. The goal of this study was to characterize the cacao trees in Tumaco, Nariño (Colombia) and establish their morpho-agronomic variability. Plant collections were conducted in five production zones of the municipality between 0 to 270 m. On each farm, the productivity and plant health variables were recorded for the outstanding plants. The characterization was carried out using a Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) and Cluster analysis. In the PCA, the first five components explained 70.2% of the variation. The first three components were characterized by productivity, while the last two components showed a low pod and grain index. In the MCA, the first three factors expressed 39.5% of the variation. The first three corresponded to the cundeamor cacao, acute pod apex, absence of anthocyanin in ripe fruits, without notable pulvinus, staminodes without anthocyanins, and moderately susceptible to <em>Moniliophthora perniciosa</em>. The last two components reported tolerance to <em>M. roreri</em> and <em>Crinnipellis perniciosa, </em>intense anthocyanin pigmentation on the floral buttons and Angoleta-shaped fruit. The selected genotypes showed important characteristics that must be analyzed with molecular and sensorial analyses.
Panorama del manejo de malezas en cultivos de banano en el departamento del Magdalena, Colombia
Authors: Quintero-Pértuz Irma , Carbonó-DelaHoz Eduino 
Published: February 2016

<p>En cultivos de banano del departamento del Magdalena el manejo de malezas se realiza, principalmente, mediante la aplicación de herbicidas, cuyo uso intensivo y continuo ha generado la contaminación de fuentes hídricas, sedimentos y ecosistemas marinos, afectando la biodiversidad y la salud humana. Ante la creciente aparición de malezas resistentes a herbicidas y la presión pública por reducir el uso de plaguicidas, es necesario ajustar las técnicas y métodos de control para incrementar la producción, mejorar la calidad de los productos y el bienestar de los agricultores, en armonía con el medio ambiente. Un nuevo enfoque que conciba al cultivo como un agroecosistema y a las malezas como integrantes del mismo, precisa conocer su biología y ecofisiología, así como, la interferencia y pérdidas que ocasionen. En este artículo se describe la situación actual del manejo de las malezas en plantaciones de banano y se discute la necesidad de promover el desarrollo de programas de investigación en malherbología que fundamenten la adopción de técnicas de manejo eficaces y ambientalmente aceptables. </p>
Monitoreo y control de vibraciones por efecto de voladuras en el túnel sumapaz, concesión bogotá - girardot
Authors: Pinto Morales Luis Humberto , Fuentes Fuentes María Del Carmen , Hernandez Julián Andrés 
Published: February 2016

Este artículo aborda los tópicos más relevantes del tema de vibraciones del terreno, desde su generación y monitoreo, hasta el control de sus efectos. Se hace énfasis en la utilización e interpretación de los datos dinámicos obtenidos en campo, dado que los métodos teóricos y los ensayos de laboratorio a veces no son suficientes para la solución de problemas geotécnicos aplicados, por ejemplo, en el caso de la evaluación de la incidencia de las voladuras en el túnel de Sumapaz, en el sector Boquerón, departamento de Cundinamarca, Colombia. El trabajo es el resultado de estudios efectuados por la empresa I.GEOSOTMINE LTDA., en coordinación con el grupo de investigación INGEOFÍSICA de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, dentro de la exploración del subsuelo, encaminados al monitoreo y control de voladuras provocadas por explosivos y por microtrepidaciones, en varias regiones colombianas.
La responsabilidad social del contador público en el desempeño de su trabajo en la actividad minera
Authors: Acevedo Pérez Ana Rocío , Acevedo Pérez María Claudia , Rodríguez Luis Alberto 
Published: February 2016

El profesional contable en los últimos tiempos, como actor principal, ha sido cuestionado en el desempeño de su actividad e incluso involucrado frecuentemente con escándalos financieros de grandes empresas, poniendo en tela de juicio la responsabilidad social de su profesión. Sin embargo, aquí el análisis de la profesión contable se dirige específicamente a mirar el comportamiento del contador en un sector especial como es el minero, principalmente en lo relacionado con la asesoría en la explotación del carbón. En este artículo se presentan los resultados de la investigación realizada a los contadores públicos que prestan sus servicios de asesoría a empresarios del sector minero, se indaga sobre temas relacionados con el nivel y calidad de la asesoría que les proporcionan estos en los diferentes temas económicos, administrativos, fiscales, laborales, sociales y ambientales, en lo relativo al desarrollo de la actividad. Del mismo modo, el contable tiene un compromiso ético, tanto con las organizaciones como con los diferentes grupos que se vinculan directa e indirectamente a estas, de mantener el equilibrio en las organizaciones mediante el suministro de información a las partes vinculadas sobre los derechos que le corresponden en el desarrollo de la actividad. Y como administrador de la información y gestor en la toma de decisiones contribuye a la generación del bienestar común. Por último, la responsabilidad social del contador público va más allá del compromiso con el Estado y las organizaciones en las que labora, puesto que existe un compromiso con los demás grupos de interés, incluidos el medioambiente y la sociedad.