bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feature-to-Feature Inference Under Conditions of Cue Restriction and Dimensional Correlation
Authors: Lancaster Matthew E. , Homa Donald 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The present study explored feature-to-feature and label-to-feature inference in a category task for different category structures. In the correlated condition, each of the 4 dimensions comprising the category was positively correlated to each other and to the category label. In the uncorrelated condition, no correlation existed between the 4 dimensions comprising the category, although the dimension to category label correlation matched that of the correlated condition. After learning, participants made inference judgments of a missing feature, given 1, 2, or 3 feature cues; on half the trials, the category label was also included as a cue. The results showed superior inference of features following training on the correlated structure, with accurate inference when only a single feature was presented. In contrast, a single-feature cue resulted in chance levels of inference for the uncorrelated structure. Feature inference systematically improved with number of cues after training on the correlated structure. Surprisingly, a similar outcome was obtained for the uncorrelated structure, an outcome that must have reflected mediation via the category label. A descriptive model is briefly introduced to explain the results, with a suggestion that this paradigm might be profitably extended to hierarchical structures where the levels of feature-to-feature inference might vary with the depth of the hierarchy.
Is Rectosigmoid Vaginoplasty Still Useful?
Authors: Kim Seok-Kwun , Park Ji-Woen , Lim Kwang-Ryeol , Lee Keun-Cheol 
Published: February 2017

Background The ideal vaginoplasty must be successful functionally as well as have a natural appearance, and also must retain its functionality and appearance over the long term. Conventional vaginoplasty techniques have functional limitations and are associated with recurrent complications, but rectosigmoid vaginoplasty is known to have a high satisfaction rate due to its functional similarity with the vagina. We conducted the present study to assess the usability of rectosigmoid vaginoplasty over the course of long-term follow-up.
Methods From March 1992 to February 2014, 84 patients were treated with rectosigmoid vaginoplasty; 44 had gender identity disorder, 29 had vaginal agenesis, 8 had female pseudohermaphroditism, and 3 had gynecologic malignancies after radical pelvic surgery. This retrospective study was based on a review of the patients' records, clinical examinations, complications, and questionnaires about appearance, function, and sexual intercourse.
Results All patients who underwent rectosigmoid vaginoplasty were discharged within 2 weeks without surgical flap loss. The early complications were partial flap necrosis, difficulty in defecation, mucous hypersecretion, and postoperative ileus. The late complications were vaginal introitus contracture, vaginal prolapse, and difficulty in urination. The mean length and diameter of the neovagina 3.4 years after rectosigmoid vaginoplasty were 13.2 cm and 3.8 cm, respectively. On questionnaires about satisfaction, 70% of patients reported excellent satisfaction, 11% good, 12% fair, and 7% poor.
Conclusions Rectosigmoid vaginoplasty is useful, safe, and well-accepted operative method with good functional and cosmetic results, such as natural lubrication and adequate vaginal length and width obtained without requiring the use of a dilator.
Analysis of Bone Fixation Methods in Digital Replantation
Authors: Lee Seung Woo , Lee Dong Chul , Kim Jin Soo , Roh Si Young , Lee Kyung Jin 
Published: February 2017

Background Adequate fixation of replanted digits is essential not only for short-term healing but for long-term function. Various bony fixation methods using Kirschner (K-) and intraosseous wire are available in replantation. We examined clinical and radiographic outcomes of fixation methods on bone union after digital replantation.
Methods A single institutional retrospective review identified 992 patients who had undergone 1,247 successful replantations between July 2009 and September 2015. Exclusion criteria included amputations of the distal phalanx, comminuted fractures, and intra-articular fractures. Patients were classified according to 5 categories of fixation methods: single K-wire, double longitudinal K-wires, cross K-wires, wire with, and wire without K-wire support. Bone union was evaluated by 5-month postoperative X-ray and fixation outcomes were compared across the 5 groups.
Results The exclusion criteria were applied, and 88 patients with 103 replanted digits remained for analysis. Single K-wire fixation was used in 40 digits, double longitudinal K-wires in 30, and cross fixation in 14. Wire with and without K-wire support was required in 15 and 4 digits. Nonunion was observed in 32 digits (31.1%), of which 13 required additional operations such as bone graft or corrective osteotomy. The highest percent of nonunion was observed after cross fixation (35.7%) and the lowest after wire alone (25.0%).
Conclusions In this study, contrary to general knowledge, we found that single K-wire fixation was not associated with poorer outcomes. Successful bone union outcomes may be achieved by careful selection of bone fixation methods. This study provides useful information for planning bone fixation in digital replantation.
Changes in Eyebrow Position and Movement with Aging
Authors: Park Jeongseob , Yun Sangho , Son Daegu 
Published: February 2017

Background This study evaluated dynamic changes in eyebrow position related to aging.
Methods Female participants were recruited and separated into two groups aged 20–30 years (the younger group, n=20; mean age, 24.8 years) and 50–70 years (the older group, n=20; mean age, 55.8 years). Photogrammetry was used to determine the eyebrow position at the medial canthus (MC), lateral limbus, lateral canthus, and lateral end point (EP) for 6 actions: smooth opening (the reference action) and closing of the eye, forward gaze, maximum opening and closing of the eye, and maximum frown. Videos were also recorded.
Results No differences in eyebrow position were detected at the MC when opening or closing the eyes smoothly, gazing straight ahead, or closing the eyes maximally. For all 6 actions, the position of the lateral EP in the older group was significantly lower than in the younger group (P=0.003), and the smallest degree of vertical movement at this point was found in both age groups (P<0.001). Vertical movement at the 4 landmarks of the eyebrows decreased with aging.
Conclusions Eyebrow position was unchanged at the MC with aging, except at maximal eye opening and maximal frown. No differences in eyebrow position were observed between the younger and older groups when eyes were maximally closed, except at the EP. It is important to focus on correction of the lateral EP for periorbital rejuvenation.
Konkurentnost ekonomije Republike Srpske u odnosu na ekonomije zemalja u tranziciji
Authors: Vukadinović Predrag 
Published: February 2017

Informatička ekonomija (IE) je odlika i karakteristika razvijenih ekonomija. Ova karakteristika je rezultat razvoja informatičkih i telekomunikacionih tehnologija i njihovih primena u ekonomskim aktivnostima. Za pojam informatička ekonomija u literaturi i istraživanja koristi se i termin nova ekonomija. Ovaj novi oblik ekonomije u odnosu na industrijsku ekonomiju (u literaturi se može sresti i termin stara ekonomija) za svoj razvoj podrazumeva i razvoj i promene određenih preduslova koji zadiru ne samo u ekonomsku sferu društvenog života. Činjenica je da informatička-nova ekonomija povećava konkurentnost ekonomije u meri u kojoj je i sama razvijena. Zato, je konkurentnost ekonomija jedan od najznačajnijih ciljeva primene informatičke-nove ekonomije ali istovremeno i šansa i mogućnost za dalji razvoj. U ovom radu sprovedeno je istraživanje konkurentnosti ekonomije Republike Srpske u odnosu na ekonomije zemalja u tranziciji, primenjujući globalni indeks konkurentnosti (Global Competitivenes Index) koji je baziran, za potrebe ovog rada na određenom broju komponenti, odnosno faktora konkurentnosti.
Analiza sistematskih poremećaja sa procenom slučajnih odstupanja trajektorije projektila
Authors: Regodić Dušan B. , Jerković Damir D. 
Published: February 2017

U radu je izvršena analiza sistematskih poremećaja metodom razlike u odnosu na verovatna odstupanja početnih uslova leta projektila. Rezultati proračuna sistematskih odstupanja su poslužila za realizaciju predikcije slučajnih odstupanja trajektorije leta projektila. Razmatrani su slučajevi odstupanja dela početnih uslova leta u odnosu na simulaciju leta projektila po modelu materijalne tačke u vertikalnoj ravni. Model aerodinamičkog opterećenja je sveden na aksijalni aerodinamički otpor za slučaj osnosimetričnog opstrujavanja tela. Rezultati sistematskih odstupanja i predikcija rezultata slučajnih odstupanja, u odnosu na raspoložive referentne eksperimentalne vrednosti odstupanja, pokazala su opravdanu mogućnost predviđanja ovih karakteristika sa velikim nivoom pouzdanosti. Neposredni rezultati proračuna su dobijeni kroz samostalni seminarski rad studenata osnovnih akademskih studija, korišćenjem programskih kodova posredstvom portala za učenje na daljinu (moodle platforme) Vojne akademije Beograd i Fakulteta inženjerskih nauka u Kragujevcu.
Ocenjivanje sajtova za E-kupovinu u Srbiji upotrebom AHP-TOPSIS metoda
Authors: Stojanović Milan , Regodić Dušan 
Published: February 2017

U doba informacione tehnologije i brzog razvoja interneta, javlja se i trend rasta e-poslovanja i očekuje se da će ovaj trend biti nastavljen. Kupovina preko interneta je jeftin i efikasan način kupovine proizvoda. Trgovina preko interneta se smatra najprofitabilnijim oblikom trgovine. Cilj istraživanja je da se definiše skup kriterijuma koji bitno utiču na kvalitet web sajtova i određivanje njihovog relativnog značaja sa stanovišta potrošača. Primarni ciljevi su identifikacija, kvalifikacija, kategorizacija i rangiranje ovih faktora. Istraživanje je sprovedeno među korisnicima sajtova za e-kupovinu pomoću upitnika u kojem su korisnici davali procene o važnosti pojedinih kriterijuma. Ocenjivano 8 sajtova za kupovinu različitih roba a broj kriterijuma čiji je uticaj ocenjivan je 6. U istraživanju je predloženo i primenjeno ocenjivanje težina kriterijuma pomoću AHP a nakon toga su ovi rezultati iskorišćeni kako bi se TOPSIS metodom dobio konačni poredak sajtova.
Unreal Engine platforma za razvoj edukativnih video igara
Authors: Savanović Nikola , Šarac Marko , Stamenković Dušan , Adamović Saša 
Published: February 2017

U ovom istraživačkom radu bavimo se temom koja je vezana za razvijanje igara u okruženju Unreal Engine 4 platforme. Platforma obezbeđuje više dodatnih alata za razvoj video igara sa fleksibilnim interfejsima pogodnim za primenu u edukativnim svrhama na svim nivoima obrazovanja. Rad sadrži uvod u radno okruženje, testirane i preporučene alate koji su podobni za razvoj video igara sa svim kolaborativnim elementima zahtevanim u savremenim pristupima učenja. Na ovaj način, ukazali smo na platformu koja je podrška budućim trendovima učenja za primenu u tradicionalnim rutinama, metodologiji i predmetnim silabusima.
Višekriterijumsko odlučivanje u primeni obnovljivih izvora energije za proizvodnju električne energije
Authors: Jovanović Dejan , Regodić Dušan 
Published: February 2017

Razmatranje obnovljivih izvora energije kao izvora za proizvodnju električne energije, kojima se Republika Srbija obavezala međunarodnim sporazumima i zaključcima Vlade Republike Srbije zahteva pristup koji će omogućiti analizu koja obuhvata različite faktore i aktere. PROMETHEE metod kao matematički model za donošenje odluka je jedno od idealnih načina kada je potrebno da se napravi rangiranje scenarija prema određenim kriterijumima u zavisnosti na koga se rangiranje primenjuje. Ovaj rad predstavlja različite scenarije čije rangiranje se vrši prema definisanim kriterijumima i težinskim koeficijenima za svaku od zainteresovanih strana.
Acoustic monitoring indicates a correlation between calling and spawning in captive spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus)
Authors: Montie Eric W. , Hoover Matt , Kehrer Christopher , Yost Justin , Brenkert Karl , O’Donnell Tim , Denson Michael R. 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundFish sound production is widespread throughout many families. Territorial displays and courtship are the most common reasons for fish sound production. Yet, there is still some questions on how acoustic signaling and reproduction are correlated in many sound-producing species. In the present study, our aim was to determine if a quantitative relationship exists between calling and egg deposition in captive spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus). This type of data is essential if passive acoustics is to be used to identify spawning aggregations over large spatial scales and monitor reproductive activity over annual and decadal timeframes.MethodsAcoustic recorders (i.e., DSG-Oceans) were placed in three laboratory tanks to record underwater sound over an entire, simulated reproductive season. We enumerated the number of calls, calculated the received sound pressure level, and counted the number of eggs every morning in each tank.ResultsSpotted seatrout produced three distinct call types characterized as “drums,” “grunts,” and “staccatos.” Spotted seatrout calling increased as the light cycle shifted from 13.5 to 14.5 h of light, and the temperature increased to 27.7 °C. Calling decreased once the temperature fell below 27.7 °C, and the light cycle shifted to 12 h of light. These temperature and light patterns followed the natural reproductive season observed in wild spotted seatrout in the Southeast United States. Spotted seatrout exhibited daily rhythms in calling. Acoustic signaling began once the lights turned off, and calling reached maximum activity approximately 3 h later. Eggs were released only on evenings in which spotted seatrout were calling. In all tanks, spotted seatrout were more likely to spawn when male fish called more frequently. A positive relationship between SPL and the number of eggs collected was found in Tanks 1 and 3.DiscussionOur findings indicate that acoustic metrics can predict spawning potential. These findings are important because plankton tows may not accurately reflect spawning locations since egg capture is likely affected by predator activity and water currents. Instead, passive acoustics could be used to monitor spotted seatrout reproduction. Future studies can use this captive study as a model to record the estuarine soundscape precisely over long time periods to better understand how human-made stressors (e.g., climate change, noise pollution, and chemical pollutants) may affect spawning patterns.
Pattern analysis of total item score and item response of the Kessler Screening Scale for Psychological Distress (K6) in a nationally representative sample of US adults
Authors: Tomitaka Shinichiro , Kawasaki Yohei , Ide Kazuki , Akutagawa Maiko , Yamada Hiroshi , Yutaka Ono , Furukawa Toshiaki A. 
Published: February 2017

Background
Several recent studies have shown that total scores on depressive symptom measures in a general population approximate an exponential pattern except for the lower end of the distribution. Furthermore, we confirmed that the exponential pattern is present for the individual item responses on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). To confirm the reproducibility of such findings, we investigated the total score distribution and item responses of the Kessler Screening Scale for Psychological Distress (K6) in a nationally representative study.

Methods
Data were drawn from the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS), which comprises four subsamples: (1) a national random digit dialing (RDD) sample, (2) oversamples from five metropolitan areas, (3) siblings of individuals from the RDD sample, and (4) a national RDD sample of twin pairs. K6 items are scored using a 5-point scale: “none of the time,” “a little of the time,” “some of the time,” “most of the time,” and “all of the time.” The pattern of total score distribution and item responses were analyzed using graphical analysis and exponential regression model.

Results
The total score distributions of the four subsamples exhibited an exponential pattern with similar rate parameters. The item responses of the K6 approximated a linear pattern from “a little of the time” to “all of the time” on log-normal scales, while “none of the time” response was not related to this exponential pattern.

Discussion
The total score distribution and item responses of the K6 showed exponential patterns, consistent with other depressive symptom scales.
Origin of geochemical mantle components: Role of spreading ridges and thermal evolution of mantle
Authors: Kimura Jun‐Ichi , Gill James B. , van Keken Peter E. , Kawabata Hiroshi , Skora Susanne 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe explore the element redistribution at mid‐ocean ridges (MOR) using a numerical model to evaluate the role of decompression melting of the mantle in Earth's geochemical cycle, with focus on the formation of the depleted mantle component. Our model uses a trace element mass balance based on an internally consistent thermodynamic‐petrologic computation to explain the composition of MOR basalt (MORB) and residual peridotite. Model results for MORB‐like basalts from 3.5 to 0 Ga indicate a high mantle potential temperature (Tp) of 1650–1500°C during 3.5–1.5 Ga before decreasing gradually to ∼1300°C today. The source mantle composition changed from primitive (PM) to depleted as Tp decreased, but this source mantle is variable with an early depleted reservoir (EDR) mantle periodically present. We examine a two‐stage Sr‐Nd‐Hf‐Pb isotopic evolution of mantle residues from melting of PM or EDR at MORs. At high‐Tp (3.5–1.5 Ga), the MOR process formed extremely depleted DMM. This coincided with formation of the majority of the continental crust, the subcontinental lithospheric mantle, and the enriched mantle components formed at subduction zones and now found in OIB. During cooler mantle conditions (1.5–0 Ga), the MOR process formed most of the modern ocean basin DMM. Changes in the mode of mantle convection from vigorous deep mantle recharge before ∼1.5 Ga to less vigorous afterward is suggested to explain the thermochemical mantle evolution.
Elevation change and stability on a prograding delta
Authors: Wagner Wayne , Lague Dimitri , Mohrig David , Passalacqua Paola , Shaw John , Moffett Kevan 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCoastal wetland systems are among the most dynamic landscapes on Earth's surface; however, interrelated processes create wetland platforms that are relatively constant in space and time. Theoretically, “stable” elevations should maintain themselves through time if the balance of processes creating that elevation remains unchanged. At Louisiana's prograding Wax Lake Delta, we measure landscape change between 2009 and 2013, quantifying volumetric changes to the delta, subaerial slope adjustment, and an equilibrium elevation of 0.56 m North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (where elevation change, on average, is zero), around which elevations fluctuate. We calculate a system average “equilibrium time scale” of 16 years to describe how long locations will take to approach the stable elevation. This time scale increases as a function of distance from channel edge. Peaks in elevation probability density functions can form for multiple reasons and do not require stability; e.g., peaks can temporarily form at elevations where elevation change rate is locally minimum.
Sensitivity of the summertime tropical Atlantic precipitation distribution to convective parameterization and model resolution in ECHAM6
Authors: Siongco Angela Cheska , Hohenegger Cathy , Stevens Bjorn 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA realistic simulation of the tropical Atlantic precipitation distribution remains a challenge for atmospheric general circulation models, owing to their too coarse resolution that makes it necessary to parameterize convection. During boreal summer, models tend to underestimate the northward shift of the tropical Atlantic rain belt, leading to deficient precipitation over land and an anomalous precipitation maximum over the west Atlantic ocean. In this study, the model ECHAM6 is used to test the sensitivity of the precipitation biases to convective parameterization and horizontal resolution. Two sets of sensitivity experiments are performed. In the first set of experiments, modifications are applied to the convection scheme in order to investigate the relative roles of the trigger, entrainment, and closure formulations. In the second set, the model is run at high resolution with low‐resolution boundary conditions in order to identify the relative contributions of a high‐resolution atmosphere, orography, and surface. Results show that the dry bias over land in the model can be reduced by weakening the entrainment rate over land. Over ocean, it is found that the anomalous precipitation maximum occurs because of model choices that decrease the sensitivity of convection to the monsoon circulation in the east Atlantic. A reduction of the west Atlantic precipitation bias can be achieved by (i) using a moisture convergence closure, (ii) increasing the resolution of orography, or (iii) enhancing the production of deep convection in the east Atlantic. The biases over land and over ocean do not impact each other.
The effects of spatial resolution and dimensionality on modeling regional‐scale hydraulics in a multichannel river
Authors: Altenau Elizabeth H. , Pavelsky Tamlin M. , Bates Paul D. , Neal Jeffrey C. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAs modeling capabilities at regional and global scales improve, questions remain regarding the appropriate process representation required to accurately simulate multichannel river hydraulics. This study uses the hydrodynamic model LISFLOOD‐FP to simulate patterns of water surface elevation (WSE), depth, and inundation extent across a ∼90 km, anabranching reach of the Tanana River, Alaska. To provide boundary conditions, we collected field observations of bathymetry and WSE during a 2 week field campaign in summer 2013. For the first time at this scale, we test a simple, raster‐based model's capabilities to simulate 2‐D, in‐channel patterns of WSE and inundation extent. Additionally, we compare finer resolution (≤25 m) 2‐D models to four other models of lower dimensionality and coarser resolution (100–500 m) to determine the effects of simplifying process representation. Results indicate that simple, raster‐based models can accurately simulate 2‐D, in‐channel hydraulics in the Tanana. Also, the fine‐resolution, 2‐D models produce lower errors in spatiotemporal outputs of WSE and inundation extent compared to coarse‐resolution, 1‐D models: 22.6 cm versus 56.4 cm RMSE for WSE, and 90% versus 41% Critical Success Index values for simulating inundation extent. Incorporating the anabranching channel network using subgrid representations for smaller channels is important for simulating accurate hydraulics and lowers RMSE in spatially distributed WSE by at least 16%. As a result, better representation of the converging and diverging multichannel network by using subgrid solvers or downscaling techniques in multichannel rivers is needed to improve errors in regional to global‐scale models.