bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Ethanol Extract Fractionation (Peperomia Pellucida (L.) Kunth) On Uric Acid Levels Blood Serum Of Male White Mice
Authors: Hevira Linda , Yulion Putra Rizky , Suciati Rahma Anggun 
Published: September 2024

Research has been carried out on the effect of fractionating the ethanol extract of the messenger herbs (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) to reduce blood serum uric acid levels in male white mice. Ordered herbs containing flavonoid compounds are thought to be used as lowering uric acid levels in the blood. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving the ethanol extract fraction (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) on blood serum uric acid levels of male white mice. Simplicia extraction was carried out with 96% ethanol and extract fractionation was carried out using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water as solvents. The chicken liver inductor was used using experimental methods in vivo. Uric acid levels in mice were measured using a test-strip out. The results of the analysis using statistical tests on the decrease in uric acid levels in the blood were significant with a value (p 0.05) on the 14th day of the ethyl acetate fraction. This study concludes that there are compounds in the messenger herbs that have the potential to reduce uric acid levels in the blood.
Isolasi Dan Karakterisasi Bromelain Bonggol Nanas Dari Limbah Industri (Ananas comosus L. Merr.)
Authors: Mulyani Laida Neti , Larasti Veny , Handayani Dwi , Herlina Herlina 
Published: September 2024

Limbah bonggol nanas (Ananas comosusL. Merr.) belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal padahal telah diketahui bahwa bonggol nanas mengandung enzim bromelain. Bromelain merupakan enzim kelompok protease sulfuhidril yang menguraikan protein menjadi asam amino. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan isolasi dan karakterisasi bromelain dari bonggol nanas. Enzim ini diekstraksi dari bonggol nanas untuk menghasilkan ekstrak kasar bromelain. Isolasi bromelain dilakukan dengan pengendapan dan dilanjutkan dengan dialisis. Pada tahapan karakterisasi bromelain dilakukan penentuan berat molekul, kadar protein dan aktivitas terhadap protease. Hasil fraksinasi dengan presipitasi amonium sulfat menunjukkan aktivitas spesifik tertinggi adalah 1011,98 U/mg pada konsentrasi 40-60% amonium sulfat. Karakterisasi bromelain menunjukkan berat molekul bromelain adalah 23,69 dan 24,72 kD dengan kadar protein 2,78 mg/mL, dan aktivitas proteasenya yaitu 2833,33 U/mL. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa bonggol nanas mengandung enzim bromelain yang memiliki aktivitas protease.
An Empirical Analysis of Public Debt Sustainability in Kenya
Authors: Mose Naftaly , Arthur Daniel Ewusi , Fumey Michael Provide , Thomi John 
Published: September 2024

The study provides a focused analysis of Kenya’s determinants of debt sustainability owing to its consistent budget deficits and higher debt servicing costs. Unlike broader studies, this research focuses on Kenya's unique economic conditions and talks about the consequences of unchecked debt servicing payment failures in Kenya that could undo macroeconomic progress if unchecked. The study deploys a single equitation regression analysis followed by a series of robustness checks and a generalized method of moments (GMM) technique to analyze the link for Kenya, 1990-2023. The regression results show that debt in Kenya is not sustainable, with factors such as an increase in debt stock, high-interest rate costs, increase in budget deficits, inflation rate increase and high depreciation of the local currencies ultimately wiping out the repayment potential of Kenya. However, the results show that increased export revenue earnings and faster economic growth can improve budget resources for debt servicing. Our findings suggest that policymakers in Kenya should focus on fiscal consolidation by reducing non-interest expenditures and enhancing revenue collections.
Performance of Gobhi Sarson (Brassica napus L.) under Integrated Nutrient Management
Authors: Ningthi Keithellakpam Chanu , Sarlach Rashpal Singh 
Published: September 2024

A field experiment was conducted during rabi season (2023-24) at Agricultural Research Farm, School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, RIMT University Mandi Gobindgarh, to study the effect of integrated nutrient management (INM) in Gobhi Sarson (Brassica napus L.). The experimental field was laid out in randomized complete block design with 10 treatments and replicated thrice. The experiment comprised of 10 treatments i.e. T1 -Control, T2 -100% Recommended Dose of Fertilizers (RDF) (40:20::N:P2O5 kg ha-1), T3 -125% RDF, T4 -150% RDF, T5 -50% RDF + 15 t Farm Yard Manure (FYM) ha-1, T6 -50% RDF + 20 t FYM ha-1, T7 -75% RDF + 15 t FYM ha-1, T8 -75% RDF + 20 t FYM ha-1, T9 -100% RDF + 15 t FYM ha-1 and T10 -100% RDF + 20 t FYM ha-1. The result revealed that growth parameters were significantly higher in treatment T10 -100% RDF + 20 t FYM ha-1 plant population (21.79 m-2), plant height (157.9 cm), number of branches plant-1 (17.15), chlorophyll content (55.74) and yield and yield attributes were also significantly higher in treatment T10 -100% RDF + 20 t FYM number of siliquae plant-1 (291.0), siliqua length (8.423 cm), number of seeds siliqua-1 (23.01), 1000 seed weight (3.45 g), seed yield (23.45 q ha-1), straw yield (59.04 q ha-1) and harvest index (28.80 %) were observed. From this study it may be concluded that the combination of RDF and FYM enhanced the overall growth, yield and yield attributes of Gobhi Sarson.
Evaluation of Acid Lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) Genotypes for Growth, Yield and Quality Traits
Authors: Rajamanickam C. , Rangaraj T. , Sankar C. 
Published: September 2024

A study on evaluation of acid lime genotypes for growth, yield and quality traits was carried out at Citrus Research Station, Vannikonenthal, Manur Taluk and Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu during the year 2021–2023. Twenty five acid lime genotypes were selected for the experiment. Observation on quantitative traits such as tree height (m), tree spread (m), canopy spread (m2), tree girth (cm), leaf lamina length (mm), number of fruits/tree, mean fruit weight (g), fruit length (cm), fruit girth (cm), fruit volume (cc), number of seeds per fruit, yield/tree (kg) and qualitative traits such as total soluble solids (°Brix), acidity (%), juice content (ml), fruit juice percentage (%) and ascorbic acid content (mg/100g) were recorded. The present study results revealed that genotype SCA 19 recorded the highest values for the traits such as tree height (3.49 m), tree spread (3.58 m2 E-W; 3.74 m2 N-S), canopy spread (6.57 m3), leaf lamina length (58.40 mm) and tree girth (13.66 cm). However, genotype SCA 06 registered the lowest tree spread character. In the case of yield traits, genotype SCA 19 registered the highest values in number of fruits per tree (1080), mean fruit weight (58.75 g), yield per tree (57.89 kg per tree), number of seeds (9.10), fruit length (8.50 cm), fruit girth (4.90 cm) and fruit volume (54.81 cc). Regarding quality traits, SCA 19 observed the highest values viz., TSS (6.71˚Brix), acidity (6.78 %), ascorbic acid content (26.50 mg/100 g), fruit juice percentage (52.1 %) and juice content (46.0 ml). Hence, acid lime genotype SCA 19 recommended for further evaluation in different parts of Tamil Nadu.
Assessment of Impact and Yield Economics of Tomato Hybrid Variety Arka Rakshak under High Hill Region of Arunachal Pradesh
Authors: Chaturvedi S. K. , Chaturvedi Abhimanyu , Munth Hage , Sharma Neha 
Published: September 2024

A demonstration (FLD) was conducted by Krishi Vigyan Kendra Yachuli, Lower Subansiri district, Arunachal Pradesh under high hill region during Summer season of 2021-22 and 2022-23 to evaluate the impact of the demonstration of Tomato variety Arka Rakshak for yield and economics at the farmer’s field of four different locations of region. An area of 3.2 ha was covered under FLDs on Tomato variety Arka Rakshak with active participation of 12 farmers during demonstration. The average fruit yield was 372 q/ha during 2021-22 and 410 q/ha during 2022-23 with the increase in percentage of yield ranged between 53.71 to 52.98 during two years of the study. The extension gap ranging 130 to 142 q/ha and technology gap ranging between 308 and 270 q/ha. Decrease in technology index from 45.29 per cent during 2021-22 to 39.70 percent during 2022-23 show the practicality of the demonstrated technology in this region
Exploring the Genetics of Heat Tolerance through Yield Performance Evaluation in Tropical Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: R Yashaswini , Kuchanur P. H. , Zaidi P. H. , Patil Ayyanagouda , Vinayan M. T. , Nidagundi J. M. , Suvarna  , Patil R. P. 
Published: September 2024

Heat stress severely affects maize yield and productivity, making it essential to identify and select heat-tolerant genotypes. Three hundred seven testcrosses derived from a biparental population were evaluated during summer at two distinct high VPD environments along with four checks (P1844, P1855, DKC9108 and DKC9162) to know their performance and association of traits under heat stress conditions. Analysis of variance revealed significant variability among the testcrosses, indicating substantial genetic diversity. Correlation analysis identified strong positive correlations between grain yield and related traits like plant height and ears per plant, highlighting these as vital selection criteria in breeding programmes. Additionally, Best Linear Unbiased Predictors (BLUPs) were utilized to evaluate the per se performance of the testcrosses, identifying the top-performing ones with superior heat tolerance. These top testcrosses achieved an average grain yield of 3.47 t ha-1, surpassing the population mean of 3.13 t ha-1. The top 10% of selected testcross families exhibited a yield gain of 0.34 t ha-1, representing a 9.79% improvement over the population under heat stress conditions. In order to create resilient maize hybrids, the study effectively isolated 18 elite testcrosses with improved heat tolerance that outperformed the superior check P1844. This provides a mitigation method for reducing the negative effects of climate change on maize productivity.
Vector Borne Disease Ecology and Environment: Remote Sensing and GIS for Control and Management: A Systematic Review
Authors: Masimalai Palaniyandi 
Published: September 2024

The prevalence of vector borne disease epidemics are influenced by the thickness of the vectors persistent to climate, landscape, and environment. Historically evidenced of triggering epidemics in both vertical magnitude and horizontal spread (spatial diffusion) of increasing vector borne diseases, such as; malaria, dengue, chikungunya, Japanese encephalitis, filariasis, leishmaniases, scrub typhus, Kyasanur forest disease (KFD), West Nile virus, Lyme disease, Zika virus, and Rift valley fever in the tropical and subtropical regions, particularly, in the third world countries for the past several decades. The geographical analysis of each one VBD epidemics has a unique vector ecology and environment. The prevalence of epidemic distribution patterns and seasonal variations, and associated vector ecology were analyzed throughout the world for the past periods, in order to assess the probability of potential risk and delineate the hotspot regions susceptible to the VBD outbreaks in the country, using Remote Sensing and GIS mapping analysis. It offers a quick and efficient approach to mapping of land uses/land cover patterns and its changes over space and time, and the information on these changes linking with vector profusion and disease ecology. Vector-borne disease epidemics across the country have been evidently associated with climate factors, landscape changes, potential breeding sources; such as, water bodies, rivers, streams, and mega water resource irrigation projects, dams / reservoirs, water pools, lakes, urban agglomerations, Urban sprawl, urban dynamics, industrial developments and growths, floating population, urban migration, land use / land cover changes, wet irrigation agriculture practices, seasonal migrations on occupation, cargo shipping movements, trade and commerce, etc., and have been acted upon changing the aboriginal territories by extent of epidemic scenarios into the non-endemic regions. The integrated Earth Observation Resource Satellite data integrated with GIS has effectiveness upon proved to disease mapping, ecological niche modeling, risk assessment, spatial prediction, and offering answers to both the public health programmers and research scientists concerned on vector fecundity, and vector borne disease ecology, and thus, the geographical, ecological and environmental determinants of its range is considered to be essential for sustainable public health planning. Accordingly, prevention measures and appropriate control strategy may possibly be applied during the sporadic outbreaks situations in the new epidemic regions as well in the hot spot endemic regions regularly, so as to control the erratic transmission and prevent acceleration of epidemics early in advance successfully.
Evaluating Patient Perceptions of Pharmacist-Led Medication Therapy Management in Hypertension Management
Authors: Asif Zainab , Virk Aqsa Arshad , Alvi Aima Subia , Bibi Iqbal , Iqbal Mehreen , Amish  , Iqbal Muhammad Zahid 
Published: September 2024

Background: Hypertension is the primary contributor to cardiovascular diseases worldwide, it affects millions and needs effective management strategies. Pharmacist-led Medication Therapy Management (MTM) is essential in improving medication adherence and optimizing the treatment outcomes for patients suffering from hypertension.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate patient perceptions of pharmacist-provided Medication Therapy Management (MTM) services for managing hypertension. Moreover, it evaluates to examine how these perceptions influence patient`s adherence to their prescribed treatment regimens.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study aimed at determining the patients' perceptions on the Medication Therapy Management (MTM) services they receive to control their hypertension. Data from 114 patients was obtained and their perceptions were recorded using the survey instruments. Patients below 20 years were excluded. The data was assessed using the SPSS 24th version. The p-value was ascertained by using the Chi-square test.
Results: The study analyzed 114 hypertensive patients predominantly females (63.2%) aged 50 years or above (51.8%). The selection of patients was based on a convenience-stratified strategy. The p-value was ascertained by using the Chi-square test. The majority had been managing hypertension for over a year (88.8%), with 45.6% managing it for 1-5 years. Educational levels varied, and most participants resided in urban areas (75.4%). Awareness of hypertension management was high with 86% of patients recognizing MTM's positive influence on medication adherence. Despite these favorable outcomes, challenges such as medication costs and lifestyle changes were noted, highlighting the need for tailored interventions to improve patient adherence and health outcomes.
Conclusion: In conclusion, most hypertensive patients understood how to manage their condition and found Medication Therapy Management (MTM) helpful. MTM improved their medication adherence, reduced side effects, and enhanced their understanding of the treatment, leading to better health outcomes. However, challenges such as medication costs, lifestyle changes, and scheduling conflicts made it harder for patients to fully follow MTM advice. Despite these challenges, MTM played an important role in effectively managing hypertension.
The Physics of the Carbon Cycle: About the Origin of CO2 in the Atmosphere
Authors: Roth Eike 
Published: September 2024

Aims: Examination of the correctness of some assumptions of IPCC regarding climate. Discussion of consequences.
Methodology: Explanation of terms used by IPCC and clarification of consequences, identification of prerequisites for the validity/applicability of these terms and scrutiny of their fulfillment under real-world conditions, discussion of consequences.
Results: Based on the laws of physics and logic, two central terms used by IPCC, i.e. the fixed "airborne fraction", and the constant "CO2-budget” cannot exist in reality. The first states that about 50 % of the CO2 emitted by humans (the “airborne fraction”) stay in the atmosphere for centuries or longer (the other about 50 % leaving it within maximum a few years), the latter is the maximum value of cumulative net global anthropogenic emissions that is allowed, if global warming should be kept below a given level, for example 2 °C. According to their definition, both values are independent of the temporal distribution of the anthropogenic emissions. But physics speaks against their existence. And also the “Bern Cabon Cycle Model”, used by IPCC as an alternative method to analyze the carbon cycle, cannot be correct, because it is based on incorrect physical boundary conditions. The inadmissibility of the two terms is also supported by observations of the fast decay of 14CO2 after the atomic bomb test stop agreement.
Conclusion: If the considerations made here are correct, IPCC's assessment of the sharp increase in CO2 concentration being a consequence of anthropogenic releases implodes. Consequently, the assessment of global warming to be man-made is justified no more, and the necessity to terminate all anthropogenic releases of CO2 for climate protection reasons becomes superfluous. The considerations made here appear to be very reliable, but in view of the far-reaching consequences, a careful review by the scientific community seems to be urgently needed.
Updated global soil map for the Weather Research and Forecasting model and soil moisture initialization for the Noah land surface model
Authors: DY C. Y. , Fung J. C. H. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA meteorological model requires accurate initial conditions and boundary conditions to obtain realistic numerical weather predictions. The land surface controls the surface heat and moisture exchanges, which can be determined by the physical properties of the soil and soil state variables, subsequently exerting an effect on the boundary layer meteorology. The initial and boundary conditions of soil moisture are currently obtained via National Centers for Environmental Prediction FNL (Final) Operational Global Analysis data, which are collected operationally in 1° by 1° resolutions every 6 h. Another input to the model is the soil map generated by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ‐ United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (FAO‐UNESCO) soil database, which combines several soil surveys from around the world. Both soil moisture from the FNL analysis data and the default soil map lack accuracy and feature coarse resolutions, particularly for certain areas of China. In this study, we update the global soil map with data from Beijing Normal University in 1 km by 1 km grids and propose an alternative method of soil moisture initialization. Simulations of the Weather Research and Forecasting model show that spinning‐up the soil moisture improves near‐surface temperature and relative humidity prediction using different types of soil moisture initialization. Explanations of that improvement and improvement of the planetary boundary layer height in performing process analysis are provided.
An integrated natural remanent magnetization acquisition model for the Matuyama‐Brunhes reversal recorded by the Chinese loess
Authors: Jin Chunsheng , Liu Qingsong , Hu Pengxiang , Jiang Zhaoxia , Li Cange , Han Peng , Yang Huihui , Liang Wentian 
Published: July 2016

AbstractGeomagnetic polarity reversal boundaries are key isochronous chronological controls for the long Chinese loess sequences, and further facilitate paleoclimatic correlation between Chinese loess and marine sediments. However, owing to complexity of postdepositional remanent magnetization (pDRM) acquisition processes related to variable dust sedimentary environments on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), there is a long‐standing dispute concerning the downward shift of the pDRM recorded in Chinese loess. In this study, after careful stratigraphic correlation of representative climatic tie points and the Matuyama‐Brunhes boundaries (MBB) in the Xifeng, Luochuan, and Mangshan loess sections with different pedogenic environments, the downward shift of the pDRM is semiquantitatively estimated and the acquisition model for the loess natural remanent magnetization (NRM) is discussed. The measured MB transition zone has been affected by the surficial mixing layer (SML) and remagnetization. Paleoprecipitation is suggested to be the dominant factor controlling the pDRM acquisition processes. Rainfall‐controlled leaching would restrict the efficiency of the characterized remanent magnetization carriers aligning along the ancient geomagnetic field. We conclude that the MBB in the central CLP with moderate paleoprecipitation could be considered as an isochronous chronological control after moderate upward adjustment. A convincing case can then be made to correlate L8/S8 to MIS 18/19.
Should flood regimes change in a warming climate? The role of antecedent moisture conditions
Authors: Woldemeskel Fitsum , Sharma Ashish 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAssessing changes to flooding is important for designing new and redesigning existing infrastructure to withstand future climates. While there is speculation that floods are likely to intensify in the future, this question is often difficult to assess due to inadequate records on streamflow extremes. An alternate way of determining possible extreme flooding is through assessment of the two key factors that lead to the intensification of floods: the intensification of causative rainfall and changes in the wetness conditions prior to rainfall. This study assesses global changes in the antecedent wetness prior to extreme rainfall. Our results indicate a significant increase in the antecedent moisture in Australia and Africa over the last century; however, there was also a decrease in Eurasia and insignificant change in North America. Given the nature of changes found in this study, any future flood assessment for global warming conditions should take into account antecedent moisture conditions.
Fracture sealing by mineral precipitation: The role of small‐scale mineral heterogeneity
Authors: Jones Trevor A. , Detwiler Russell L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractFractures are often leakage pathways for fluid in low‐permeability rocks that otherwise act as geologic barriers in the subsurface. Flow of fluids in chemical disequilibrium with fracture surfaces can lead to mineral precipitation and fracture sealing. To directly evaluate the role of small‐scale mineral heterogeneity on mineral precipitation, we measured CaCO3 precipitation in a transparent analog fracture that included randomly distributed small‐scale regions of CaCO3 on one of the borosilicate surfaces. Steady flow of a well‐mixed CaCl2‐NaHCO3 solution (
= 1.44) resulted in significant mineral precipitation during the 82 day experiment. Localized mineral precipitation reduced flow within regions of the fracture, but small‐scale reaction‐site heterogeneity allowed preferential flow to persist through pathways that contained 82% less area of CaCO3 regions than the fracture‐scale average. This resulted in a significant reduction in measured precipitation rate; excluding these effects results in more than an order‐of‐magnitude underestimation of fracture sealing timescales.