bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ambient effects on electrical characteristics of CVD-grown monolayer MoS2 field-effect transistors
Authors: Ahn Jae-Hyuk , Parkin William M. , Naylor Carl H. , Johnson A. T. Charlie , Drndić Marija 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMonolayer materials are sensitive to their environment because all of the atoms are at their surface. We investigate how exposure to the environment affects the electrical properties of CVD-grown monolayer MoS2 by monitoring electrical parameters of MoS2 field-effect transistors as their environment is changed from atmosphere to high vacuum. The mobility increases and contact resistance decreases simultaneously as either the pressure is reduced or the sample is annealed in vacuum. We see a previously unobserved, non-monotonic change in threshold voltage with decreasing pressure. This result could be explained by charge transfer on the MoS2 channel and Schottky contact formation due to adsorbates at the interface between the gold contacts and MoS2. Additionally, from our electrical measurements it is plausible to infer that at room temperature and pressure water and oxygen molecules adsorbed on the surface act as interface traps and scattering centers with a density of several 1012 cm−2 eV−1, degrading the electrical properties of monolayer MoS2.
Prevention of long-term memory loss after retrieval by an endogenous CaMKII inhibitor
Authors: Vigil Fabio Antonio , Mizuno Keiko , Lucchesi Walter , Valls-Comamala Victoria , Giese Karl Peter 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCaMK2N1 and CaMK2N2 are endogenous inhibitors of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), a key synaptic signaling molecule for learning and memory. Here, we investigated the learning and memory function of CaMK2N1 by knocking-down its expression in dorsal hippocampus of mice. We found that reduced CaMK2N1 expression does not affect contextual fear long-term memory (LTM) formation. However, we show that it impairs maintenance of established LTM, but only if retrieval occurs. CaMK2N1 knockdown prevents a decrease of threonine-286 (T286) autophosphorylation of αCaMKII and increases GluA1 levels in hippocampal synapses after retrieval of contextual fear LTM. CaMK2N1 knockdown can also increase CaMK2N2 expression, but we show that such increased expression does not affect LTM after retrieval. We also found that substantial overexpression of CaMK2N2 in dorsal hippocampus impairs LTM formation, but not LTM maintenance, suggesting that CaMKII activity is not required for LTM storage. Taken together, we propose a specific function for CaMK2N1; enabling LTM maintenance after retrieval by inhibiting T286 autophosphorylation of αCaMKII.
Toughening Fe-based Amorphous Coatings by Reinforcement of Amorphous Carbon
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Zhi-Wei , Li Yi-Cheng , Yasir Muhammad , Wang Hai-Tao , Liu Lin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractToughening of Fe-based amorphous coatings meanwhile maintaining a good corrosion resistance remains challenging. This work reports a novel approach to improve the toughness of a FeCrMoCBY amorphous coating throughin-situformation of amorphous carbon reinforcement without reducing the corrosion resistance. The Fe-based composite coating was prepared by high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying using a pre-mixed Fe-based amorphous/nylon-11 polymer feedstock powders. The nylon-11 powders werein-situcarbonized to amorphous carbon phase during thermal spraying process, which homogeneously distributed in the amorphous matrix leading to significant enhancement of toughness of the coating. The mechanical properties, including hardness, impact resistance, bending and fatigue strength, were extensively studied by using a series of mechanical testing techniques. The results revealed that the composite coating reinforced by amorphous carbon phase exhibited enhanced impact resistance and nearly twice-higher fatigue strength than that of the monolithic amorphous coating. The enhancement of impact toughness and fatigue properties is owed to the dumping effect of the soft amorphous carbon phase, which alleviated stress concentration and decreased crack propagation driving force.
Free Tissue Transfers for Head and Neck Reconstruction in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease on Dialysis: Analysis of Outcomes Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database
Authors: Ciudad Pedro , Sharaf Basel , Martinez-Jorge Jorys , Moran Steven , Mardini Samir , Chen Hung-Chi , Bite Uldis , Cheng Hsu-Tang , Manrique Oscar 
Published: June 2017

Background Patients diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are increasing at around 5% annually. Some of these patients will require free tissue transfers to reconstruct their body after trauma or cancer resection. Comorbidities can increase the level of complexity during reconstruction.
Aim Our goal is to describe the outcomes of ESRD patients under dialysis who underwent free tissue transfer for head and neck reconstruction.
Methods Two cohorts were analyzed: ESRD group on dialysis and a non-ESRD control group after free tissue transfer for head and neck reconstruction. Postoperative complications and mortality were recorded. For coexisting comorbidities, we determine the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and peripheral vascular disease (PVD).
Results In this study, 85 cases with ESRD on dialysis and 841 controls were analyzed. Most patients were aged ≤ 65 years (82.5%) and nearly 92.9% of them were men. Types of head and neck cancer were neoplasm of other and unspecified parts of the mouth followed by neoplasm of tongue, the gingiva, hypopharynx, and floor of mouth. Patients with ESRD tended to have higher rates of DM and PVD (p < 0.001) and were significantly associated with an increased risk of stroke and increased risk of 30-day mortality. However, there was no significant difference regarding flap failure among groups.
Conclusion Despite greater preoperative risk factors, patients with renal failure on hemodialysis do not appear to have a higher rate of free flap failure following head and neck reconstruction. However, other complications can be minimized by optimizing patient's medical condition to succeed with this reconstructive effort.
Impact of Pregnancy on Maternal Cardiac Atria
Authors: Nelson David , Stewart Robert , Matulevicius Susan , McIntire Donald , Cunningham F. , Martin Robert 
Published: June 2017

Objective The aim of this study was to assess atrial changes across pregnancy and postpartum using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) to measure atrial end-diastolic volume (EDV).
Study Design This was a 2-year prospective observational study of healthy nulliparous women. Each underwent serial cMRI in both maternal left lateral and supine positions at five epochs: 12 to 16 weeks, 26 to 30 weeks, 32 to 36 weeks, within 48 hours after delivery, and 12 weeks postpartum. EDV was calculated and compared with 12-week postpartum values.
Results A total of 24 women completed the study. One woman developed preeclampsia, and her data were excluded. Mean age was 27 ± 2.8 years, and mean body mass index was 25.4 ± 3.8 kg/m2. Left atrial EDV increased by 12 weeks (p = 0.045) and remained significantly elevated through 32 to 36 (p < 0.0001) weeks. Maternal lateral positioning was associated with larger left atrial EDV after 12 weeks. Right atrial EDV was significantly elevated at 26 to 30 (p = 0.04) and 32 to 36 (p = 0.02) weeks in the lateral position, though there was no difference in the supine position.
Conclusion We documented a significant increase in EDV for both atria during pregnancy. Volume changes were greater in the lateral compared with the supine position, with the most dramatic changes in left atrium at 32 to 36 weeks.
Vitamin E effects on paediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - mini review.
Authors: Papandreou D. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease among children. One of the features of fatty liver disease is high level of serum aminotransferases, which indicates liver cells damage. Antioxidants, reduce the effect of oxidant chemicals, which are produced in liver cells during the disease process. It has been suggested that vitamin E may have a therapeutic effect on fatty liver. The results of the research about the effects of vitamin E in fatty liver disease are controversial. This review will discuss the most updated information on the role and effects of vitamin E on NAFLD.
Energy Drinks and Alcohol-Related Risk among Young Adults
Authors: Caviness Celeste M. , Anderson Bradley J. , Stein Michael D. 
Published: June 2017

Background Energy drink consumption, with or without concurrent alcohol use, is common among young adults. This study sought to clarify risk for negative alcohol outcomes related to the timing of energy drink use. Methods The authors interviewed a community sample of 481 young adults, aged 18–25, who drank alcohol in the last month. Past-30-day energy drink use was operationalized as no-use, use without concurrent alcohol, and concurrent use of energy drinks with alcohol (“within a couple of hours”). Negative alcohol outcomes included past-30-day binge drinking, past-30-day alcohol use disorder, and drinking-related consequences. Results Just over half (50.5%) reported no use of energy drinks,18.3% reported using energy drinks without concurrent alcohol use, and 31.2% reported concurrent use of energy drinks and alcohol. Relative to those who reported concurrent use of energy drinks with alcohol, and controlling for background characteristics and frequency of alcohol consumption, those who didn't use energy drinks and those who used without concurrent alcohol use had significantly lower binge drinking, negative consequences, and rates of alcohol use disorder ( P < .05 for all outcomes). There were no significant differences between the no-use and energy drink without concurrent alcohol groups on any alcohol-related measure ( P > .10 for all outcomes). Conclusions Concurrent energy drink and alcohol use is associated with increased risk for negative alcohol consequences in young adults. Clinicians providing care to young adults could consider asking patients about concurrent energy drink and alcohol use as a way to begin a conversation about risky alcohol consumption while addressing 2 substances commonly used by this population.
Differences in glucose yield of residues from among varieties of rice, wheat, and sorghum after dilute acid pretreatment
Authors: Teramura Hiroshi , Sasaki Kengo , Kawaguchi Hideo , Matsuda Fumio , Kikuchi Jun , Shirai Tomokazu , Sazuka Takashi , Yamasaki Masanori , Takumi Shigeo , Ogino Chiaki , Kondo Akihiko 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Bio-refinery processes require use of the most suitable lignocellulosic biomass for enzymatic saccharification and microbial fermentation. Glucose yield from biomass solid fractions obtained after dilute sulfuric acid (1%) pretreatment (at 180 °C) was investigated using 14, 8, and 16 varieties of rice, wheat, and sorghum, respectively. Biomass solid fractions of each crop showed similar cellulose content. However, glucose yield after enzymatic hydrolysis (cellulase loading at 6.6 filter paper unit/g-biomass) was different among the varieties of each crop, indicating genotypic differences for rice, wheat, and sorghum. Nuclear magnetic resonance method revealed that the high residual level of lignin aromatic regions decreased glucose yield from solid fraction of sorghum.
Exogenous proline enhances the sensitivity of Tobacco BY-2 cells to arsenate
Authors: Nahar Mst Nur-E-Nazmun , Islam Mohammad Muzahidul , Hoque Md Anamul , Yonezawa Anna , Prodhan Md Yeasin , Nakamura Toshiyuki , Nakamura Yoshimasa , Munemasa Shintaro , Murata Yoshiyuki 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Arsenic causes physiological and structural disorders in plants. Proline is accumulated as a compatible solute in plants under various stress conditions and mitigates stresses. Here, we investigated the effects of exogenous proline on tobacco Bright Yellow-2 (BY-2) cultured cells under stress. Arsenate did not inhibit BY-2 cell growth at 40 and 50 μM but did it at 60 μM. Proline at 0.5 to 10 mM did not affect the cell growth but delayed it at 20 mM. At 40 μM , neither 0.5 mM nor 1 mM proline affected the cell growth but 10 mM proline inhibited it. In the presence of , 10 mM proline increased the number of Evans Blue-stained (dead) cells and decreased the number of total cells. Together, our results suggest that exogenous proline does not alleviate arsenate toxicity but enhances the sensitivity of BY-2 cells to arsenate.
SANDPUMA: ensemble predictions of nonribosomal peptide chemistry reveal biosynthetic diversity across Actinobacteria
Authors: Chevrette Marc G , Aicheler Fabian , Kohlbacher Oliver , Currie Cameron R , Medema Marnix H 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Summary
Nonribosomally synthesized peptides (NRPs) are natural products with widespread applications in medicine and biotechnology. Many algorithms have been developed to predict the substrate specificities of nonribosomal peptide synthetase adenylation (A) domains from DNA sequences, which enables prioritization and dereplication, and integration with other data types in discovery efforts. However, insufficient training data and a lack of clarity regarding prediction quality have impeded optimal use. Here, we introduce prediCAT, a new phylogenetics-inspired algorithm, which quantitatively estimates the degree of predictability of each A-domain. We then systematically benchmarked all algorithms on a newly gathered, independent test set of 434 A-domain sequences, showing that active-site-motif-based algorithms outperform whole-domain-based methods. Subsequently, we developed SANDPUMA, a powerful ensemble algorithm, based on newly trained versions of all high-performing algorithms, which significantly outperforms individual methods. Finally, we deployed SANDPUMA in a systematic investigation of 7635 Actinobacteria genomes, suggesting that NRP chemical diversity is much higher than previously estimated. SANDPUMA has been integrated into the widely used antiSMASH biosynthetic gene cluster analysis pipeline and is also available as an open-source, standalone tool.

Availability and implementation
SANDPUMA is freely available at https://bitbucket.org/chevrm/sandpuma and as a docker image at https://hub.docker.com/r/chevrm/sandpuma/ under the GNU Public License 3 (GPL3).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
BPP: a sequence-based algorithm for branch point prediction
Authors: Zhang Qing , Fan Xiaodan , Wang Yejun , Sun Ming-an , Shao Jianlin , Guo Dianjing 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Although high-throughput sequencing methods have been proposed to identify splicing branch points in the human genome, these methods can only detect a small fraction of the branch points subject to the sequencing depth, experimental cost and the expression level of the mRNA. An accurate computational model for branch point prediction is therefore an ongoing objective in human genome research.

Results
We here propose a novel branch point prediction algorithm that utilizes information on the branch point sequence and the polypyrimidine tract. Using experimentally validated data, we demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms existing methods.

Availability and implementation
https://github.com/zhqingit/BPP.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Formalizing drug indications on the road to therapeutic intent
Authors: Nelson Stuart J , Oprea Tudor I , Ursu Oleg , Bologa Cristian G , Zaveri Amrapali , Holmes Jayme , Yang Jeremy J , Mathias Stephen L , Mani Subramani , Tuttle Mark S , Dumontier Michel 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Therapeutic intent, the reason behind the choice of a therapy and the context in which a given approach should be used, is an important aspect of medical practice. There are unmet needs with respect to current electronic mapping of drug indications. For example, the active ingredient sildenafil has 2 distinct indications, which differ solely on dosage strength. In progressing toward a practice of precision medicine, there is a need to capture and structure therapeutic intent for computational reuse, thus enabling more sophisticated decision-support tools and a possible mechanism for computer-aided drug repurposing. The indications for drugs, such as those expressed in the Structured Product Labels approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, appears to be a tractable area for developing an application ontology of therapeutic intent.
Shunt-Dependent Hydrocephalus After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Predictors and Long-Term Functional Outcomes
Authors: Paisan Gabriella M , Ding Dale , Starke Robert M , Crowley R Webster , Liu Kenneth C 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Although chronic hydrocephalus requiring shunt placement is a known sequela of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), its effect on long-term functional outcomes is incompletely understood.

OBJECTIVE
To identify predictors of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus and shunt complications after aSAH and determine the effect of shunt dependence on functional outcomes in aSAH patients.

METHODS
We evaluated a database of patients treated for aSAH at a single center from 2000 to 2015. Favorable and unfavorable outcomes were defined as modified Rankin Scale grades 0 to 2 and 3 to 6, respectively. We performed statistical analyses to identify variables associated with shunt-dependent hydrocephalus, unfavorable outcome, and shunt complication.

RESULTS
Of the 888 aSAH patients, 116 had shunt-dependent hydrocephalus (13%). Older age (P = .001), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) (P = .004), higher World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) grade (P < .001), surgical aneurysm treatment (P = .002), and angiographic vasospasm (P = .005) were independent predictors of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus in multivariable analysis. Functional outcome was evaluable in 527 aSAH patients (mean follow-up 18.6 mo), with an unfavorable outcome rate of 17%. Shunt placement (P < .001), shunt infection (P = .041), older age (P < .001), and higher WFNS grade (P = .043) were independently associated with an unfavorable outcome in multivariable analysis. Of the shunt-dependent patients, 18% had a shunt-related complication. Higher WFNS grade (P = .011), posterior circulation aneurysm (P = .018), and angiographic vasospasm (P = .008) were independent predictors of shunt complications in multivariable analysis.

CONCLUSION
aSAH patients with shunt-dependent hydrocephalus have significantly poorer long-term functional outcomes. Patients with risk factors for post-aSAH shunt dependence may benefit from increased surveillance, although the effect of such measures is not defined in this study.
Searches for new Milky Way satellites from the first two years of data of the Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam survey: Discovery of Cetus III
Authors: Homma Daisuke , Chiba Masashi , Okamoto Sakurako , Komiyama Yutaka , Tanaka Masayuki , Tanaka Mikito , Ishigaki Miho N , Hayashi Kohei , Arimoto Nobuo , Garmilla José A , Lupton Robert H , Strauss Michael A , Miyazaki Satoshi , Wang Shiang-Yu , Murayama Hitoshi 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We present the results from a search for new Milky Way (MW) satellites from the first two years of data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program (SSP) ∼300 deg2 and report the discovery of a highly compelling ultra-faint dwarf galaxy candidate in Cetus. This is the second ultra-faint dwarf we have discovered after Virgo I reported in our previous paper. This satellite, Cetus III, has been identified as a statistically significant (10.7 σ) spatial overdensity of star-like objects, which are selected from a relevant isochrone filter designed for a metal-poor and old stellar population. This stellar system is located at a heliocentric distance of 251$^{+24}_{-11}\:$kpc with a most likely absolute magnitude of MV = −2.4 ± 0.6 mag estimated from a Monte Carlo analysis. Cetus III is extended with a half-light radius of $r_h = 90^{+42}_{-17}\:$pc, suggesting that this is a faint dwarf satellite in the MW located beyond the detection limit of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Further spectroscopic studies are needed to assess the nature of this stellar system. We also revisit and update the parameters for Virgo I, finding $M_V = -0.33^{+0.75}_{-0.87}\:$mag and $r_h = 47^{+19}_{-13}\:$pc. Using simulations of Λ-dominated cold dark matter models, we predict that we should find one or two new MW satellites from ∼300 deg2 HSC-SSP data, in rough agreement with the discovery rate so far. The further survey and completion of HSC-SSP over ∼1400 deg2 will provide robust insights into the missing satellites problem.
A Case Study of High-Velocity, Persistent Geotropic Nystagmus: Is This BPPV?
Authors: Schubert Michael C. , Dunlap Pamela M. , Whitney Susan L. 
Published: June 2017

Background and Purpose:
Deciphering the cause for a persistent, direction-changing geotropic nystagmus can be difficult. Migraine and light cupula are two possible causes, though can be confused with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) affecting the horizontal semicircular canal. In migraine, the persistent geotropic nystagmus tends to be slow; in light cupula, the nystagmus has been illustrated to beat in the direction opposite that of prone positioning.

Case Description:
Here we describe a patient with initial occurrence then recurrence of a high velocity (≥30 deg/sec), persistent direction-changing geotropic nystagmus and vertigo with an intensity variable based on head position, which was difficult to manage. This patient did not have migraine. The case presented uniquely as it was unlikely due to canalithiasis of the horizontal semicircular canal yet the presentation was not clearly related to the light cupula phenomena either.

Intervention:
In this case, the physical therapist attempted to use the barbeque roll canalith repositioning maneuver (CRM) even though the direction-changing geotropic nystagmus was persistent. The nystagmus did not resolve during the clinic visit.

Outcomes and Discussion:
The persistent, high velocity geotropic nystagmus resolved within 1 week, however, this resolution was likely spontaneous and not due to the CRM intervention. Our case suggests that physical therapists assessing persistent geotropic nystagmus should wait long enough for the nystagmus to stop (∼2 minutes), test for fatigue by repeating the positional nystagmus tests, incorporate a head flexion component as part of the positional testing, and attempt to identify a null point.

Video Abstract available for additional insights from the authors (see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A178).