bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroplastin deletion in glutamatergic neurons impairs selective brain functions and calcium regulation: implication for cognitive deterioration
Authors: Herrera-Molina Rodrigo , Mlinac-Jerkovic Kristina , Ilic Katarina , Stöber Franziska , Vemula Sampath Kumar , Sandoval Mauricio , Milosevic Natasa Jovanov , Simic Goran , Smalla Karl-Heinz , Goldschmidt Jürgen , Bognar Svjetlana Kalanj , Montag Dirk 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe cell adhesion molecule neuroplastin (Np) is a novel candidate to influence human intelligence. Np-deficient mice display complex cognitive deficits and reduced levels of Plasma Membrane Ca2+ ATPases (PMCAs), an essential regulator of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([iCa2+]) and neuronal activity. We show abundant expression and conserved cellular and molecular features of Np in glutamatergic neurons in human hippocampal-cortical pathways as characterized for the rodent brain. In Nptn
lox/loxEmx1Cre
mice, glutamatergic neuron-selective Np ablation resulted in behavioral deficits indicating hippocampal, striatal, and sensorimotor dysfunction paralleled by highly altered activities in hippocampal CA1 area, sensorimotor cortex layers I-III/IV, and the striatal sensorimotor domain detected by single-photon emission computed tomography. Altered hippocampal and cortical activities correlated with reduction of distinct PMCA paralogs in Nptn
lox/loxEmx1Cre
mice and increased [iCa2+] in cultured mutant neurons. Human and rodent Np enhanced the post-transcriptional expression of and co-localized with PMCA paralogs in the plasma membrane of transfected cells. Our results indicate Np as essential for PMCA expression in glutamatergic neurons allowing proper [iCa2+] regulation and normal circuit activity. Neuron-type-specific Np ablation empowers the investigation of circuit-coded learning and memory and identification of causal mechanisms leading to cognitive deterioration.
mTORC1 regulates apoptosis and cell proliferation in pterygium via targeting autophagy and FGFR3
Authors: Liu Yanli , Xu Hanchun , An Meixia 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPterygium is one of the most common ocular surface diseases. During the initiation of pterygium, resting epithelial cells are activated and exhibit aberrant apoptosis and cell proliferation. Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a central regulator of cell growth, cell proliferation, protein synthesis, autophagy and transcription. However, the effect of mTORC1 activation in epithelial cells on pterygium development has not yet been reported. Additionally, the roles of mTORC1 in aberrant apoptosis and cell proliferation during the initiation of pterygium, and the underlying mechanisms, are not known. Herein, we evaluated mTOR signalling in pterygium growth and development. The results revealed that mTOR signalling, especially mTORC1 signaling, is highly activated, and aberrant apoptosis and cell proliferation were observed in pterygium. mTORC1 activation inhibits apoptosis in pterygium by regulating Beclin 1-dependent autophagy via targeting Bcl-2. mTORC1 also negatively regulates fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) through inhibition of p73, thereby stimulating cell proliferation in pterygium. These data demonstrate that mTORC1 signalling is highly activated in pterygium and provide new insights into the pathogenesis and progression of pterygium. Hence, mTORC1 may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of pterygium.
The Expression of Toll-like receptors in eutopic and ectopic endometrium and its implication in the inflammatory pathogenesis of adenomyosis
Authors: Jiang Caixia , Liu Chao , Guo Jing , Chen Li , Luo Ning , Qu Xiaoyan , Yang Weihong , Ren Qing , Cheng Zhongping 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the expression profiles of Toll-like receptors(TLRs) in eutopic endometrium(EU) and ectopic endometrium(EC) and its implication in the inflammatory pathogenesis of adenomyosis. Thirty adenomyosis patients who underwent laparoscopy were recruited in this study. We tested the mRNA and protein expression of TLRs, and the mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in EU and EC of adenomyosis patients, and control endometrium without adenomyosis(CE). We found that the mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in EU was significantly higher than that in CE, and was the highest in EC (P < 0.01). The mRNA and protein expression of TLRs were higher in EU, with the expression of TLR1-6, 8 and 9 being significantly higher in EU than in CE, and were the highest in EC (except TLR6) (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the expression of TLR1, 2, 4, 5 and 9 in EU and EC was positively correlated with that of IL-6 and IL-8 (P < 0.00139). This study suggested that adenomyosis was a state of inflammatory pathology. High expression of TLRs in EU and EC were positively correlated with IL-6 and IL-8, which may be involved in the inflammatory pathogenesis of adenomyosis.
The Continuous Motion Technique for a New Generation of Scanning Systems
Authors: Alexandrov Andrey , Buonaura Annarita , Consiglio Lucia , D’Ambrosio Nicola , Lellis Giovanni De , Crescenzo Antonia Di , Galati Giuliana , Gentile Valerio , Lauria Adele , Montesi Maria Cristina , Tioukov Valeri , Vladymyrov Mikhailo , Voevodina Elena 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn the present paper we report the development of the Continuous Motion scanning technique and its implementation for a new generation of scanning systems. The same hardware setup has demonstrated a significant boost in the scanning speed, reaching 190 cm2/h. The implementation of the Continuous Motion technique in the LASSO framework, as well as a number of new corrections introduced are described in details. The performance of the system, the results of an efficiency measurement and potential applications of the technique are discussed.
LIN-32/Atonal Controls Oxygen Sensing Neuron Development in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Rojo Romanos Teresa , Pladevall-Morera David , Langebeck-Jensen Kasper , Hansen Stine , Ng Leelee , Pocock Roger 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDevelopment of complex nervous systems requires precisely controlled neurogenesis. The generation and specification of neurons occur through the transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of complex regulatory networks. In vertebrates and invertebrates, the proneural basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors has multiple functions in neurogenesis. Here, we identified the LIN-32/Atonal bHLH transcription factor as a key regulator of URXL/R oxygen-sensing neuron development in Caenorhabditis elegans. When LIN-32/Atonal expression is lost, the expression of URX specification and terminal differentiation genes is abrogated. As such, lin-32 mutant animals are unable to respond to increases in environmental oxygen. The URX neurons are generated from a branch of the cell lineage that also produces the CEPDL/R and URADL/R neurons. We found development of these neurons is also defective, suggesting that LIN-32/Atonal regulates neuronal development of the entire lineage. Finally, our results show that aspects of URX neuronal fate are partially restored in lin-32 mutant animals when the apoptosis pathway is inhibited. This suggests that, as in other organisms, LIN-32/Atonal regulates neuronal apoptosis.
Electrical detection of hyperbolic phonon-polaritons in heterostructures of graphene and boron nitride
Authors: Woessner Achim , Parret Romain , Davydovskaya Diana , Gao Yuanda , Wu Jhih-Sheng , Lundeberg Mark B. , Nanot Sébastien , Alonso-González Pablo , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Hillenbrand Rainer , Fogler Michael M. , Hone James , Koppens Frank H. L. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLight properties in the mid-infrared can be controlled at a deep subwavelength scale using hyperbolic phonons-polaritons of hexagonal boron nitride. While propagating as waveguided modes hyperbolic phonons-polaritons can concentrate the electric field in a chosen nano-volume. Such a behavior is at the heart of many applications including subdiffraction imaging and sensing. Here we employ HPPs in heterostructures of hexagonal boron nitride and graphene as new nano-optoelectronic platform by uniting the benefits of efficient hot-carrier photoconversion in graphene and the hyperbolic nature of hexagonal boron nitride. We demonstrate electrical detection of hyperbolic phonons-polaritons by guiding them towards a graphene pn-junction. We shine a laser beam onto a gap in metal gates underneath the heterostructure, where the light is converted into hyperbolic phonons-polaritons. The hyperbolic phonons-polaritons then propagate as confined rays heating up the graphene leading to a strong photocurrent. This concept is exploited to boost the external responsivity of mid-infrared photodetectors, overcoming the limitation of graphene pn-junction detectors due to their small active area and weak absorption. Moreover this type of detector exhibits tunable frequency selectivity due to the hyperbolic phonons-polaritons, which combined with its high responsivity paves the way for efficient high-resolution mid-infrared imaging.
Optimizing Respiratory-Swallowing Coordination in Patients With Oropharyngeal Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Martin-Harris Bonnie , (Focht) Garand Kendrea L. , McFarland David 
Published: July 2017

Swallowing impairment (dysphagia) represents the highest functional morbidity in oropharyngeal (OP) head and neck (HNC) treated either with surgical approaches followed by radiation or with more recent organ preservation protocols, including combined chemotherapy and radiation. Despite the promising overall increasing survival rates, swallowing impairments remain chronic, are often resistant to traditional swallowing therapy, and have devastating consequences on health and well-being. The respiratory-swallow cross-system approach presented here extends beyond traditional swallowing interventions that commonly targets muscles and structures alone, and is instead, directed toward the re-establishment of optimal respiratory-swallowing coordination.Results from our work investigating a respiratory-swallow treatment (RST) paradigm is presented, including results from an RST clinical trial in HNC patients, primarily with OP cancers, with chronic and with intractable dysphagia post-cancer and post-traditional swallowing treatment. Future work will investigate the impact of RST on the degree and durability of clinical outcomes, including oral intake and quality of life, while also examining the potential added benefits of a home practice program that uses a commercially available and easy to use recording and analysis hardware and software.
Noninvasive Respiratory Support and Feeding in the Neonate
Authors: Hirst Keith , Dodrill Pamela , Gosa Memorie 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundPreterm neonates are at risk for respiratory illness including respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Recent advancements in neonatal medicine have introduced less invasive forms of respiratory support for neonates with RDS and BPD, including continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and humidified “high-flow” therapy via nasal cannula (HFNC). There is limited evidence documenting the impact of these respiratory supports on neonatal swallowing function.ObjectiveThis article presents the results of a structured literature review that sought to determine the evidence to support the practice of feeding neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) by mouth while on CPAP or HFNC.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed was completed to identify relevant, peer-reviewed literature reporting original data that addressed the identified objective.ResultsFive studies were identified that related to oral feeding and/or swallowing while on CPAP or HFNC in neonates.ConclusionsGiven the limited evidence available to support the practice of feeding neonates in the NICU by mouth while on CPAP or HFNC, and the potential for adverse respiratory events related to the underlying respiratory disease, the authors urge caution with this practice, and highlight the urgent need for further research in this area.
Antiplatelet Therapy in Noncardioembolic Stroke: A Review of Current Evidence
Authors: Sandset Per , Sandset Else , Krishnan Kailash , Jusufovic Mirza 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAcute stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in the developed world. Among survivors, the risk of stroke recurrence is highest within the first few days, and up to 15% will be affected within the first year. In the case of noncardioembolism, antiplatelets, such as aspirin, clopidogrel, and the combination of aspirin and dipyridamole, remain the mainstay of treatment. Aspirin given immediately is beneficial, but when combined with clopidogrel is associated with a higher risk of bleeding. Dual antiplatelet therapy of aspirin and dipyridamole was no more effective than clopidogrel in reducing stroke recurrence. In symptomatic extracranial atherosclerosis, surgery within 2 weeks of the index event will benefit, but in strokes due to intracranial atherosclerosis and small vessel disease, medical therapy alone is recommended. The purpose of this review is to discuss the various trials of antiplatelet therapies in acute and long-term stroke prevention in mechanisms excluding cardioembolism.
Nutrition in Stroke Prevention
Authors: Spence J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNutrition is far more important to the prevention of stroke than most physicians realize. Key issues include a Mediterranean diet, the interaction of the intestinal microbiome, impaired renal function and diet, missed metabolic B12 deficiency, and the lowering of homocysteine with B vitamins to prevent stroke. The Cretan Mediterranean diet is high in olive oil, whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes, and is close to a vegetarian diet. Compared with a low-fat diet, it reduced stroke by over 40%, and is clearly the best diet for diabetes. Metabolic B12 deficiency is very common (∼ 30% of stroke patients age > 70 years) and frequently missed because it is not excluded by a total serum B12 level in the reference range. B vitamins to lower homocysteine do prevent stroke, but their benefit was obscured in early studies because of harm from cyanide in cyanocobalamin among participants with renal impairment. Methylcobalamin should be used instead of cyanocobalamin.
Modifiable Risk Factors for Stroke and Strategies for Stroke Prevention
Authors: Towfighi Amytis , Hill Valerie 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe pathophysiology of stroke is well characterized, and 9 out of 10 strokes are due to modifiable factors. However, preventive strategies thus far have been relatively ineffective in curbing the global stroke burden, which is projected to increase given the aging of the world's population and epidemiological transition in many low- to middle-income countries. In this review we will summarize our current understanding of behavioral, environmental, and metabolic stroke risk factors not covered elsewhere in this issue. Specifically, we will review the evidence for environmental and household air pollution, smoking, and alcohol use. We will subsequently provide a conceptual framework for stroke prevention strategies, categorizing them as those aimed at changing health care systems and/or provider behavior and those targeting behaviors of patients and/or their caregivers, families, and support networks. The field of stroke prevention is relatively nascent, and little is known about how to optimize health care systems so that providers prescribe evidence-based care for stroke prevention, patients have access to care to receive such services, adherence and control of risk factors are optimized, and patients are empowered to manage their own risk factors and make lifestyle changes, including eating healthy diets (high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and low in sodium and sugar-sweetened beverages), engaging in regular physical activity, not smoking, and limiting alcohol consumption. In the next several years, we will likely develop a better understanding of which strategies are effective for modifying vascular risk factors, and how to design and implement successful interventions. Key questions to be answered include optimal theoretical frameworks, delivery models, team composition, timing, dose, intensity, and frequency, taking into account cultural, sociodemographic, and regional differences in patient populations.
Age and Tumor Volume Predict Growth of Carotid and Vagal Body Paragangliomas
Authors: de Pont Lisa , Verbist Berit , van der Mey Andel , Corssmit Eleonora , Hes Frederik , van Benthem Peter , Jansen Jeroen , Heesterman Berdine 
Published: July 2017

Objective Treatment for head and neck paragangliomas (HNGPL) can be more harmful than the disease. After diagnosis, an initial period of surveillance is often indicated, and surgery or radiotherapy is reserved for progressive disease. With the aim to optimize this “wait and scan” strategy, we studied growth and possible predictors.
Design A retrospective cohort study was conducted.
Setting This study was conducted at a tertiary referral center for patients with HNGPL.
Methods Tumor volume was estimated for 184 SDHD-related carotid and vagal body paragangliomas using sequential magnetic resonance imaging. Cox regression was used to study predictors of tumor growth.
Results The estimated fraction of growing tumors ranged from 0.42 after 1 year of follow-up to 0.85 after 11 years. A median growth rate of 10.4 and 12.0% per year was observed for carotid and vagal body tumors, respectively. Tumor location, initial volume, and age (p < 0.05) were included in our prediction model. The probability of growth decreased with increasing age and volume, indicating a decelerating growth pattern.
Conclusions We created a prediction model (available online), enabling a more individualized “wait and scan” strategy. The favorable natural course of carotid and vagal body paragangliomas was confirmed; although with long follow-up growth will be observed in most cases.
Evidence-Based Review of Nonsurgical Management of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis and Evolving Role of Interventional Radiology
Authors: Wu Hanping , Opneja Aman , Sutter Christopher , Patel Indravadan , Lewandowski Robert , Eads Jennifer , Tavri Sidhartha 
Published: July 2017

AbstractColorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Approximately 20 to 25% of patients have clinically detectable colorectal liver metastases (CLM) at the initial diagnosis, and nearly 50% of patients with colorectal cancer develop hepatic metastases at some point during the course of their disease. Patients with untreated CLM have a median survival time of approximately 4.5 months. For the resectable cases, surgical resection is the first-choice treatment. However, only 10 to 30% of patients with CLM are eligible for resection at presentation. There are several nonsurgical treatment options for patients with CLM who are not candidates for initial or potentially curative resection. These include systemic chemotherapy, locoregional therapy that includes thermal and nonthermal ablation, external beam radiation therapy, regional chemotherapy via the hepatic artery, and selective radioembolization using yttrium-labeled glass or resin microspheres. In this review, we discuss the nonsurgical treatment options described earlier that are part of the current multidisciplinary algorithm in the management of CLM and focus on the expanding role of interventional radiology.
Diagnostic Challenges in Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Banwell Brenda , Yeshokumar Anusha 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis review highlights the most common presentations of demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS, termed acquired demyelinating syndrome) in children, the difficulty in determining whether the first episode represents a monophasic/transient illness or relapsing disease, and the potential underlying etiologies that must be considered, including multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and disorders associated with antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies. The initial clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features, as well as those observed over time, are highlighted, emphasizing the distinct and overlapping features of each of these disorders.
Ein Vergleich der Apnoeerkennung bei Patienten mit obstruktiver Schlafapnoe (OSA) anhand von Atemgeräuschaufzeichnungen und Polysomnografie
Authors: von Heydebrand M. , Hildebrandt O. , Cassel W. , Schäfer A. , Kesper K. , Weissflog A. , Taher N. , Sohrabi K. , Gross V. , Koehler U. 
Published: July 2017

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung In dieser Studie wurden nächtliche Atemgeräuschaufzeichnungen von Patienten mit obstruktiver Schlafapnoe (OSA) mit den Daten der Polysomnografie unter dem Aspekt der Diagnostik von Apnoen analysiert und verglichen.
Fragestellung und Methode Bei 45 Patienten mit behandlungsbedürftiger OSA (AHI > 15 /h) wurde parallel zur polysomnografischen Diagnostik eine Langzeitregistrierung der Atemgeräusche mittels LEOSound durchgeführt. Das durchschnittliche Alter der Patienten lag bei 58 ± 12 Jahren (Mittelwert ± Standardabweichung), der BMI bei 33 ± 7 kg/m². Die mit LEOSound audio-visuell detektierten Atempausen wurden mit den polysomnografisch ermittelten verglichen. 11 der 45 Registrierungen wurden wegen erhöhter Artefaktrate bei Mikrofondislokation bei der Feinanalyse nicht berücksichtigt.
Ergebnisse Beim Vergleich der audio-visuell detektierten Apnoephasen und denen der Polysomnografie ergab sich für die Anzahl der Apnoen aus den LEOSound-Aufzeichnungen ein Median von 164, für die PSG von 158. Bei der Atemgeräuschaufzeichnung wurde der Median des Apnoe-Index (AI) mit 20/h berechnet, bei der Polysomnografie mit 21/h. Der Vergleich der Apnoe-Indices von Polysomnografie und akustischer Langzeitregistrierung ergab einen Korrelationskoeffizienten von 0,939 und eine Signifikanz von p < 0,001.
Diskussion Mithilfe der akustischen Langzeitregistrierung der Atem- und Atemnebengeräusche können auch Atemstillstände objektiviert werden. Eine genaue Differenzierung zwischen Apnoen und Hypopnoen ist jedoch nur bedingt möglich.
A Rapid and Sensitive UPLC-MS/MS Method for Quantification of Bruceantinol in Rat Plasma and Its Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study
Authors: Li Jun , Zheng Dayong , Zhen Bixian , Sun Yunfeng , Chen Fen , Zhan Kaixuan , Wei Ning , Zhang Lide 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBruceantinol (BOL), a quassinoid compound isolated from the fruits of Brucea javanica, has been reported to have cytotoxic and antibacterial effects. In this study, a rapid, sensitive, and specific ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the quantitative determination of BOL in rat plasma. The samples were treated by simple liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate and separated on an UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm × 50 mm) using a 3-min gradient elution scheme, which consists of water (0.1% v/v, formic acid) and methanol (0.1%, v/v, formic acid) to achieve the separation of BOL and sinomenine (IS) with high selectivity. The electrospray ionization source was used in positive ion mode; the multiple reaction monitoring quantified the target fragment ions m/z 629.6 → 569.5 for BOL and m/z 330.5 → 207.3 for IS. This work was evaluated with regards to the specificity, extraction recovery, matrix effect, linearity, accuracy, precision, stability, and dilution integrity. This approach was used to examine the pharmacokinetics of BOL in rats after oral (0.3 mg/kg) and intravenous (0.15 mg/kg) administration. BOL presented fast excretion and very low oral bioavailability.