bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« Mettre de l’ordre » et « faire autorité » dans les classifications en santé mentale ?
Authors: Fauville Benoist 
Published: December 2015

« Faire autorité » en matière de psychopathologie est une thématique qui anime de nombreux débats à l’heure actuelle. La grille de lecture du clinicien est toujours porteuse d’un ordre explicite ou implicite, qui peut être le reflet direct du rapport d’une société à la « folie des hommes ». Ce rapport, parfois liberticide ou au contraire garant d’une émancipation de l’individu, nous oblige à une analyse rigoureuse des enjeux que comporte la pratique clinique. L’enjeu central n’est pas de se poser comme ennemi ou ami de la vérité mais d’analyser la façon dont cette vérité reste construction en évolution.
Progression from Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver to Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Is Marked by a Higher Frequency of Th17 Cells in the Liver and an Increased Th17/Resting Regulatory T Cell Ratio in Peripheral Blood and in the Liver
Authors: Rau Monika , Schilling Anne-Kristin , Meertens Jan , Hering Ilona , Weiss Johannes , Jurowich Christian , Kudlich Theodor , Hermanns Heike M. , Bantel Heike , Beyersdorf Niklas , Geier Andreas 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is increasing in prevalence. It can be subdivided into nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Five to twenty percent of cases progress from NAFL to NASH. Increased hepatic Th17 cells and IL-17 expression were observed in NASH mice and patients, respectively. We analyzed CD4+ effector T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs) from peripheral blood and livers of NAFL and NASH patients. A total of 51 NAFL patients, 30 NASH patients, 31 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients (without histology), and 43 healthy controls were included. FACS analysis was performed on PBMCs and intrahepatic lymphocytes. Compared with healthy controls, a lower frequency of resting Tregs (rTregs; CD4+CD45RA+CD25++) and higher frequencies of IFN-γ+ and/or IL-4+ cells were detected among CD4+ T cells of peripheral blood in NASH, and to a lesser degree in NAFL. In hepatic tissue, NAFL to NASH progression was marked by an increase in IL-17+ cells among intrahepatic CD4+ T cells. To define immunological parameters in peripheral blood to distinguish NAFL from NASH, we calculated different ratios. Th17/rTreg and Th2/rTreg ratios were significantly increased in NASH versus NAFL. The relevance of our findings for NASH pathogenesis was highlighted by the normalization of all of the changes 1 y after bariatric surgery. In conclusion, our data indicate that NAFL patients show changes in their immune cell profile compared with healthy controls. NAFL to NASH progression is marked by an increased frequency of IL-17+ cells among intrahepatic CD4+ T cells and higher Th17/rTreg and Th2/rTreg ratios in peripheral blood.
Prediction of Fetal Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Diabetic Pregnancies Compared with Postnatal Outcome
Authors: Elmekkawi Sherif F. , Mansour Ghada M. , Elsafty Mohammed S.E. , Hassanin Alaa S. , Laban Mohamed , Elsayed Heba M. 
Published: December 2015

Objective The aim of this study was to estimate the accuracy of prenatal assessment of interventricular septum (IVS) thickness, right myocardial wall thickness (RMWT), and left myocardial wall thickness (LMWT) by two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound for the prediction of perinatal mortality and postnatal diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) among diabetic pregnant women. Subjects and Methods A total of 120 diabetic pregnant women at 35 weeks or more were enrolled in this study from January 1, 2012, to June 30, 2014, at Ain Shams Maternity Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. The 2D ultrasound was done once for all the participants at the time of recruitment; IVS thickness, RMWT, and LMWT were measured. The glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels of the participants were recorded. Neonatal assessment including postnatal echocardiography was done after 48 hours. Postnatal results were compared with the prenatal predictive results. Results Higher thickness values for IVS, RMW, and LMW were obtained in the uncontrolled diabetic cases (HbA1c > 6.5%) than in the controlled diabetic cases (HbA1c < 6.5%; P < 0.01). Of the included 120 neonates, 10 (8.3%) were stillborn, 99 (82.5%) had a five-minute Apgar score ≥7, and 4(3.3%) had a five-minute Apgar score ≤3. The four neonates with severe neonatal distress died after admission to neonatal intensive care unit within one week after delivery. Out of 110 live-born neonates, 4 (3.6%) neonates had a low ejection fraction (EF) (<50%) due to HCM; of them 2 (1.8%) died within one week after delivery, while 2 (1.8%) survived. Another two (1.8%) neonates died from severe respiratory distress syndrome. A cutoff value of ≥4.5 mm for prenatal IVS thickness was predictive of neonatal distress due to HCM with a sensitivity of 82%, specificity of 68%, and diagnostic accuracy of 72%. A cutoff value of <1.18 for the ratio of IVS thickness to LMWT had a sensitivity of 82%, specificity of 72%, and diagnostic accuracy of 74% for the prediction of neonatal distress due to HCM. In this study, 8 of the 10 fetuses with intrauterine demise and the 2 neonates who died within one week after delivery due to heart failure had a prenatal IVS thickness of ≥4.5 mm, while 7 of the 10 fetuses with intrauterine demise and the 2 neonates who died postnatal from heart failure had a prenatal IVS thickness to LMWT ratio of ≤1.18. Conclusion A prenatal IVS thickness of ≥4.5 mm or an IVS/LMWT ratio of ≤1.18 seems to be predictive of HCM and is associated with almost twofold higher risk of intrauterine fetal death and almost threefold higher risk of possibly relevant perinatal mortality.
FTA Effects on Agricultural Trade with Matching Approaches
Authors: Lee GaSeul , Lim Song Soo 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
While the trade effect of free trade agreements (FTAs) is a global issue, little research has examined the economic effects of trade liberalization on agricultural products with robust empirical methods. In this study, propensity score matching for controlling selection bias is used to examine and analyze the effect of FTAs on the trade of South Korea’s agricultural products. To enhance the robustness of the estimated results, differences between the FTA treatment effects in 2010 and 2012 are analyzed. The results reveal that the effect of FTAs on agricultural trade varies slightly, depending on the matching approach used; however, the signs of all estimated average treatment effects on the treated (ATT) values are positive. Analysis of the difference between selection bias controlled through matching and uncontrolled selection bias shows that the value of the average treatment effect (ATE) with uncontrolled bias is greater than the ATT estimate calculated through matching. This implies that controlled versus uncontrolled selection bias can result in different ATE and ATT estimates, and that previous studies on FTA trade effects have overestimated the effect, because selection bias was not fully addressed.
A discussion of key values to inform the design and delivery of services for HIV‐affected women and couples attempting pregnancy in resource‐constrained settings
Authors: Heffron Renee , Davies Natasha , Cooke Ian , Kaida Angela , Mergler Reid , van der Poel Sheryl , Cohen Craig R , Mmeje Okeoma 
Published: December 2015

IntroductionHIV‐affected women and couples often desire children and many accept HIV risk in order to attempt pregnancy and satisfy goals for a family. Risk reduction strategies to mitigate sexual and perinatal HIV transmission include biomedical and behavioural approaches. Current efforts to integrate HIV and reproductive health services offer prime opportunities to incorporate strategies for HIV risk reduction during pregnancy attempts. Key client and provider values about services to optimize pregnancy in the context of HIV risk provide insights for the design and implementation of large‐scale “safer conception” programmes.DiscussionThrough our collective experience and discussions at a multi‐disciplinary international World Health Organization–convened workshop to initiate the development of guidelines and an algorithm of care to support the delivery of services for HIV‐affected women and couples attempting pregnancy, we identified four values that are key to the implementation of these programmes: (1) understanding fertility care and an ability to identify potential fertility problems; (2) providing equity of access to resources enabling informed decision‐making about reproductive choices; (3) creating enabling environments that reduce stigma associated with HIV and infertility; and (4) creating enabling environments that encourage disclosure of HIV status and fertility status to partners. Based on these values, recommendations for programmes serving HIV‐affected women and couples attempting pregnancy include the following: incorporation of comprehensive reproductive health counselling; training to support the transfer and exchange of knowledge between providers and clients; care environments that reduce the stigma of childbearing among HIV‐affected women and couples; support for safe and voluntary disclosure of HIV and fertility status; and increased efforts to engage men in reproductive decision‐making at times that align with women's desires.ConclusionsProgrammes, policies and guidelines that integrate HIV treatment and prevention, sexual and reproductive health and fertility care services in a manner responsive to user values and preferences offer opportunities to maximize demand for and use of these services. For HIV‐affected women and couples attempting pregnancy, the provision of comprehensive services using available tools – and the development of new tools that are adaptable to many settings and follow consensus recommendations – is a public health imperative. The impetus now is to design and deliver value‐driven inclusive programming to achieve the greatest coverage and impact to reduce HIV transmission during pregnancy attempts.
The association of parental temperament and character on their children’s behavior problems
Authors: Lee Soo Jin , Cloninger C. Robert , Park Soo Hyun , Chae Han 
Published: December 2015

Purpose.Parents have important roles in child rearing, but the influence of their personality on rearing practices and their impact on the behavior of children has received surprisingly little attention. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between parents’ personality and children’s problem behaviors.Materials and Methods.Participants consisted of 190 preschool outpatients (104 boys, 86 girls) and their parents who visited traditional Korean pediatric clinics with minor physical symptoms as chief complaints. The personality profiles of the both parents were measured by the Temperament and Character Inventory and children’s behavior problems by the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5–5. Correlation and stepwise regression analysis were employed for the statistical analyses.Results.The temperament trait of Harm Avoidance and the character traits of Self-Directedness and Self-Transcendence of the parents were significantly correlated with children’s problem behaviors. Character as well as temperament, played an important role in explaining children’s problem behaviors after age and gender of children were taken into account.Conclusion.The maturity of parents’ character appears to have a key role in reducing the risk of behavior problems in their children. Suggestions are made for parental education and future research.
Voluntary Wheel Running in Mice
Authors: Goh Jorming , Ladiges Warren 
Published: December 2015

AbstractVoluntary wheel running in the mouse is used to assess physical performance and endurance and to model exercise training as a way to enhance health. Wheel running is a voluntary activity in contrast to other experimental exercise models in mice, which rely on aversive stimuli to force active movement. This protocol consists of allowing mice to run freely on the open surface of a slanted, plastic saucer‐shaped wheel placed inside a standard mouse cage. Rotations are electronically transmitted to a USB hub so that frequency and rate of running can be captured via a software program for data storage and analysis for variable time periods. Mice are individually housed so that accurate recordings can be made for each animal. Factors such as mouse strain, gender, age, and individual motivation, which affect running activity, must be considered in the design of experiments using voluntary wheel running. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A Mouse Primary Hepatocyte Culture Model for Studies of Circadian Oscillation
Authors: Molyneux Penny C. , Pyle Lorna A. , Dillon Martha , Harrington Mary E. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractCircadian rhythms regulate many aspects of behavior and physiological processes, and, through external signals, help an organism entrain to its environment. These rhythms are driven by circadian clocks in many cells and tissues within our bodies, and are synchronized by a central pacemaker in the brain, the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Peripheral oscillators include the liver, whose circadian clock controls persistent daily rhythms in gene expression and in liver‐specific functions such as metabolic homeostasis and drug metabolism. Chronic circadian clock disruption, as in rotating shiftwork, has been linked to disorders including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The mouse primary hepatocyte culture model allows the examination of circadian rhythms in these cells. This article describes a transgenic mouse model that uses a bioluminescent reporter to examine the circadian properties of a core clock gene Period2. Hepatocytes are isolated using a modified collagenase perfusion technique and cultured in a sandwich configuration, then sealed in a buffered medium containing luciferin for detection of whole‐culture or single‐cell bioluminescence. After synchronization by a medium change, cultures demonstrate coherent circadian period and phase measures of bioluminescence from the PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE reporter. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Communication Accommodation Theory
Authors: Dragojevic Marko , Gasiorek Jessica , Giles Howard 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) is a general theoretical framework of both interpersonal and intergroup communication. It seeks to explain and predict why, when, and how people adjust their communicative behavior during social interaction, and what social consequences result from those adjustments. In this entry, a brief historical overview of CAT's development is first provided, and some of its basic concepts are introduced. Second, the different adjustment strategies that speakers may enact are explained, and objective and subjective measures of accommodation are distinguished. Third, the motivations underlying communicative adjustment are examined, and the ways in which they can be shaped by the sociohistorical context in which an interaction is embedded are discussed. Fourth, the social consequences of communicative adjustment (and nonadjustment) are explored, and some of the many factors that mediate and moderate people's evaluations of others’ behavior are discussed. Finally, previous CAT principles are refined and elaborated, and directions for future research are suggested.
Expectancy Violations Theory
Authors: Burgoon Judee K. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Expectancy violations theory predicts and explains the effects of nonverbal behavior violations on interpersonal communication outcomes such as attraction, credibility, persuasion, and smooth interactions. Human interactions are strongly governed by expectations which, if violated, are arousing and trigger an appraisal process that may be moderated by the rewardingness of the violator. Violation interpretations and evaluations determine whether they are positive or negative violations. Positive violations are predicted to produce more favorable outcomes, and negative violations less favorable outcomes, than positive and negative confirmations respectively. Many of the theory's propositions have been supported empirically. Some contrary findings have led to revision of the theory. The theory has also been expanded to several kinds of nonverbal violations, including personal space, eye contact, posture, touch, involvement, and immediacy violations. The theory also spawned the investigation of the meanings associated with violations and the kinds of arousal that violations provoke.
Identity Negotiation Theory
Authors: Ting‐Toomey Stella 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Identity negotiation theory concerns the importance of negotiating sociocultural membership identity and personal identity issues in intercultural and interpersonal communication settings. The entry is organized in five sections. First, the historical background of the identity negotiation theory (INT) is introduced. Second, the 10 core assumptions of INT are mapped out. Third, recent research evidence and findings that draw from the INT are discussed. Fourth, the concept of mindful identity attunement as the optimal process and outcome of INT is further explicated. Fifth, theoretical and research directions for the next 10 years of INT extensions are proposed.
Girls’ physical activity and sedentary behaviors: Does sexual maturation matter? A cross‐sectional study with HBSC 2010 Portuguese survey
Authors: Marques Adilson , Branquinho Cátia , De Matos Margarida Gaspar 
Published: December 2015

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between girls’ sexual maturation (age of menarche) and physical activity and sedentary behaviors.MethodsData were collected from a national representative sample of girls in 2010 (pre‐menarcheal girls n = 583, post‐menarcheal girls n = 741). Physical activity (times/week and hours/week) and screen‐based sedentary time (minutes/day) including television/video/DVD watching, playing videogames, and computer use were self‐reported.ResultsPre‐menarcheal girls engaged significantly more times in physical activity in the last 7 days than post‐menarcheal girls (3.5 ± 1.9 times/week vs. 3.0 ± 1.7 times/week, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between pre‐menarcheal and post‐menarcheal girls in time (hours/week) spent in physical activity. Post‐menarcheal girls spent significantly more minutes per day than pre‐menarcheal girls watching TV, playing videogames, and using computers on weekdays (TV: 165.2 ± 105.8 vs. 136.0 ± 106.3, P < 0.001; videogames 72.0 ± 84.8 vs. 60.3 ± 78.9, P = 0.015; computer: 123.3 ± 103.9 vs. 82.8 ± 95.8, P < 0.001) and on weekends (TV: 249.0 ± 116.2 vs. 209.3 ± 124.8, P < 0.001; videogames: 123.0 ± 114.0 vs. 104.7 ± 103.5, P = 0.020; computer: 177.0 ± 122.2 vs. 119.7 ± 112.7, P < 0.001). After adjusting analyses for age, BMI, and socioeconomic status, differences were still significant for physical activity and for computer use.ConclusionSpecific interventions should be designed for girls to increase their physical activity participation and decrease time spent on the computer, for post‐menarcheal girls in particular. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:471–475, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bactericidal antibiotics promote reactive oxygen species formation and inflammation in human sinonasal epithelial cells
Authors: Kohanski Michael A. , Tharakan Anuj , Lane Andrew P. , Ramanathan Murugappan 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundBactericidal antibiotics have been shown to stimulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in mammalian cells through mitochondrial dysfunction. This results in oxidative tissue damage that may have negative consequences for long‐term antibiotic use. Antibiotics are widely and heavily used in the treatment of acute and chronic sinusitis; however, the relationship between antibiotics and ROS formation in sinonasal epithelial cells (SNECs) has not yet been demonstrated.MethodsHuman SNECs were collected from patients during endoscopic sinus surgery and grown in culture at the air‐liquid interface. Differentiated SNECs were stimulated with the bactericidal antibiotics amoxicillin and levofloxacin and the bacteriostatic antibiotic clarithromycin for 24 hours. ROS were quantified via fluorescence. Cell death was quantified by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) secretion. Expression of inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α) and nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2)‐mediated antioxidant genes were measured by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR).ResultsCultured SNECs treated with the bactericidal antibiotics amoxicillin and levofloxacin resulted in a significant increase in production of ROS (p < 0.05) and secretion of LDH (p < 0.05). The increase in ROS formation correlated with an increase in expression of Nrf2‐mediated antioxidant genes as well as the expression and production of proinflammatory cytokine TNF‐α, and interleukin 1 β (IL‐1β) (p < 0.05). SNECs treated with clarithromycin did not demonstrate statistically significant increases in ROS or proinflammatory cytokine production.ConclusionIn this study, we show that treatment of cultured human SNECs with bactericidal antibiotics leads to formation of ROS with an associated increase in inflammatory and antioxidant gene expression and cell death. This suggests that long‐term or inappropriate antibiotic use in the treatment of sinusitis may result in oxidative tissue damage to the sinonasal epithelium. Future studies will explore the clinical implications of such damage to the sinonasal epithelium.
Prevalence of sinusitis and efficacy of intranasal corticosteroid treatment on asthmatic symptoms in asthmatic patients with rhinosinusitis: a pilot study
Authors: Yatera Kazuhiro , Yamasaki Kei , Noguchi Shingo , Nishida Chinatsu , Oda Keishi , Akata Kentarou , Kido Takashi , Ishimoto Hiroshi , Mukae Hiroshi 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundPrevalence of sinusitis on sinus computed tomography (CT) in asthmatic patients and efficacy of intranasal corticosteroid treatment on asthmatic symptoms in asthmatic patients with rhinosinusitis on sinus CT is unclear.MethodsSinus CT of asthmatic patients were evaluated using the Lund‐Mackay system (LMS). Intranasal corticosteroid treatment (mometasone furoate) was newly added to symptomatic asthmatic patients with rhinosinusitis treated without intranasal corticosteroids, and the findings of the Asthma Control Test (ACT), Asthma Control Questionnaire in 5 items (ACQ5), spirometry, and sinus CT were evaluated before and 3 months after additional intranasal corticosteroid treatment.ResultsIn a total of 160 asthmatic patients, rhinosinusitis and maxillary, ethmoidal, sphenoidal, and frontal sinusitis were observed in 75.0%, 70.0%, 53.1%, 33.1%, and 28.8%, respectively. Nasal symptoms and rhinophonia were observed in 81.9% and 72.5%, respectively, and patients with nasal symptoms and those with rhinophonia both showed significantly higher LMS scores in each sinus. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) was observed in 66.9%, and these patients had significantly more severe asthma than the patients without CRS. In patients with CRS, patients with rhinophonia showed significantly higher LMS scores than those without rhinophonia. ACT, ACQ5, and the value of the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) all significantly improved 3 months after the additive intranasal corticosteroid treatment in 24 patients, despite the fact that their LMS scores remained unchanged.ConclusionAdditive intranasal corticosteroid treatment may be an effective treatment option for symptomatic asthmatic patients with rhinosinusitis.