bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Anomalous Water Constraints in the Efficacy of Pharmaceuticals Probed by 1H Solid‐State NMR
Authors: Damron Joshua T. , Kersten Kortney M. , Pandey Manoj Kumar , Nishiyama Yusuke , Matzger Adam , Ramamoorthy Ayyalusamy 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWater plays a complex and central role in determining the structural and reactive properties in numerous chemical systems. In crystalline materials with structural water, the primary focus is often to relate hydrogen bonding motifs to functional properties such as solubility, which is highly relevant in pharmaceutical applications. Nevertheless, understanding the full electrostatic landscape is necessary for a complete structure‐function picture. Herein, a combination of tools including 1H magic angle spinning NMR and X‐ray crystallography are employed to evaluate the local landscape of water in crystalline hydrates. Two hydrates of an anti‐leukemia drug mercaptopurine, which exhibit dramatically different dehydration temperatures (by 90 °C) and a three‐fold difference in the in vivo bioavailability, are compared. The results identify an electrosteric caging mechanism for a kinetically trapped water in the hemihydrate form, which is responsible for the dramatic differences in properties.
Dynamic slicing of concurrent AspectJ programs: An explicit context‐sensitive approach
Authors: Singh Jagannath , Mohapatra Durga Prasad 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThis paper presents a context‐sensitive dynamic slicing technique for the concurrent and aspectized programs. To effectively represent the concurrent aspect‐oriented programs, we propose an intermediate graph called the multithreaded aspect‐oriented dependence graph (MAODG). The MAODG is a dynamic graph generated from the execution trace of a given program with respect to a particular set of values given as an input. Interference dependencies between the statements are shown by a distinguished edge called the interference dependence edge in the MAODG. Based on this intermediate representation, we propose a precise and accurate dynamic slicing algorithm for the concurrent aspect‐oriented programs implemented using AspectJ. The proposed dynamic slicing algorithm is implemented in a slicing tool developed using the ASM framework. Several open source programs are studied and evaluated using the proposed technique along with some existing techniques. The experimentation shows that our proposed slicing algorithm generates slices of the same or smaller size, as compared with the existing algorithms. Furthermore, we found that the slice computation time is significantly less in our proposed algorithm, as compared with the existing algorithms.
How Can Digital Personal(ized) Books Enrich the Language Arts Curriculum?
Authors: Kucirkova Natalia 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDigital personal(ized) books are a relatively recent addition to the rich repertoire of literacy resources available to pre‐K and elementary school teachers. This article summarizes the key ways in which personal(ized) books can enrich the language arts curriculum, drawing on a series of empirically based examples. The value of personalization in the digital stories is explained theoretically using the framework of fiveAs: autonomy, authorship, authenticity, attachment, and aesthetics. The fiveAs apply to personal(ized) stories created for, or by, young students and are used to generate some practical suggestions for future use of touchscreens in the classroom.
Advances in plasmon‐enhanced upconversion luminescence phenomena and their possible effect on light harvesting for energy applications
Authors: Khan M.A. , Idriss H. 
Published: August 2017

The focus of the review is on the recent advances of inorganic materials used for upconversion luminescence as well as the effect of plasmonic metals on the efficiency of the overall system. Central to the review is the effect of these upconverting luminescence materials coupled with plasmonic metals on photovoltaic cells and photocatalysts performance. The diffuse nature of sun light on earth (low flux) and its weak energy (low frequency) are the main hurdles for practical applications related to energy‐intensive processes. Upconversion luminescence materials increase light energy (high frequency) with weak efficiency, and when combined with plasmonics (potentially providing high local light flux), the overall efficiency of the system can be improved. Examples in this review are exclusively based on lanthanide compounds as light‐converting devices and on Au and Ag as plasmonic metals. Due to the so called ‘lanthanides contraction,’ the f‐orbitals of lanthanide cations are shielded from the outside environment (chemical bonds) when compared to early transition metals. This and the many energy levels associated with these f‐orbitals make them (particularly the Ln3+ 4f10, 4f11, 4f12, and 4f13) the most suitable materials for multiple energy transfer systems so far. While upconversion luminescence was first observed over half a century ago, since the pioneering work of Auzel, coupling it with plasmonics has only attracted attention in the last few years, and a limited amount of work is currently available. This review has compiled representative work in the field with the aim to motivate researchers to exploit this concept, which is central to light–matter interaction, and its effect on chemical reactions relevant to energy and the environment. WIREs Energy Environ 2017, 6:e254. doi: 10.1002/wene.254This article is categorized under:

Energy Research & Innovation > Science and Materials
The effects of nanomaterials on blood coagulation in hemostasis and thrombosis
Authors: Simak Jan , De Paoli Silvia 
Published: August 2017

The blood coagulation balance in the organism is achieved by the interaction of the blood platelets (PLTs) with the plasma coagulation system (PCS) and the vascular endothelial cells. In healthy organism, these systems prevent thrombosis and, in events of vascular damage, enable blood clotting to stop bleeding. The dysregulation of hemostasis may cause serious thrombotic and/or hemorrhagic pathologies. Numerous engineered nanomaterials are being investigated for biomedical purposes and are unavoidably exposed to the blood. Also, nanomaterials may access vascular system after occupational, environmental, or other types of exposure. Thus, it is essential to evaluate the effects of engineered nanomaterials on hemostasis. This review focuses on investigations of nanomaterial interactions with the blood components involved in blood coagulation: the PCS and PLTs. Particular emphases include the pathophysiology of effects of nanomaterials on the PCS, including the kallikrein‐kinin system, and on PLTs. Methods for investigating these interactions are briefly described, and a review of the most important studies on the interactions of nanomaterials with plasma coagulation and platelets is provided. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1448. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1448This article is categorized under:

Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants
Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials
Stimuli‐responsive liposomes for drug delivery
Authors: Lee Y. , Thompson D.H. 
Published: August 2017

The ultimate goal of drug delivery is to increase the bioavailability and reduce the toxic side effects of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) by releasing them at a specific site of action. In the case of antitumor therapy, association of the therapeutic agent with a carrier system can minimize damage to healthy, nontarget tissues, while limit systemic release and promoting long circulation to enhance uptake at the cancerous site due to the enhanced permeation and retention effect (EPR). Stimuli‐responsive systems have become a promising way to deliver and release payloads in a site‐selective manner. Potential carrier systems have been derived from a wide variety of materials, including inorganic nanoparticles, lipids, and polymers that have been imbued with stimuli‐sensitive properties to accomplish triggered release based on an environmental cue. The unique features in the tumor microenvironment can serve as an endogenous stimulus (pH, redox potential, or unique enzymatic activity) or the locus of an applied external stimulus (heat or light) to trigger the controlled release of API. In liposomal carrier systems triggered release is generally based on the principle of membrane destabilization from local defects within bilayer membranes to effect release of liposome‐entrapped drugs. This review focuses on the literature appearing between November 2008–February 2016 that reports new developments in stimuli‐sensitive liposomal drug delivery strategies using pH change, enzyme transformation, redox reactions, and photochemical mechanisms of activation. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1450. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1450This article is categorized under:

Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
Organization of theFlavivirusRNAreplicase complex
Authors: Brand Carolin , Bisaillon Martin , Geiss Brian J. 
Published: August 2017

Flaviviruses, such as dengue, Japanese encephalitis, West Nile, yellow fever, and Zika viruses, are serious human pathogens that cause significant morbidity and mortality globally each year. Flaviviruses are single‐stranded, positive‐senseRNAviruses, and encode two multidomain proteins,NS3andNS5, that possess all enzymatic activities required for genome replication and capping.NS3andNS5interact within virus‐induced replication compartments to form theRNAgenome replicase complex. Although the individual enzymatic activities of both proteins have been extensively studied and are well characterized, there are still gaps in our understanding of how they interact to efficiently coordinate their respective activities during positive‐strandRNAsynthesis and capping. Here, we discuss what is known about the structures and functions of theNS3andNS5proteins and propose a preliminaryNS3:NS5:RNAinteraction model based on a large body of literature about how the viral enzymes function, physical restraints betweenNS3andNS5, as well as critical steps in the replication process.WIREs RNA2017, 8:e1437. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1437This article is categorized under:RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein–RNA Interactions: Functional ImplicationsRNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
Communication About Sexual Matters With Women Attending a Danish Fertility Clinic: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Eldridge Katrine Fiil , Giraldi Annamaria 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Introduction
Several studies have shown that sexuality is an important aspect of life. Nevertheless, sexual matters are only rarely discussed between patients and doctors. Other studies have suggested that women undergoing fertility treatment compose a group of patients with low satisfaction in their sexual life.

Aim
To investigate how women at a fertility clinic desire and experience communication about sexual matters with doctors and to investigate the sexual function of these women.

Methods
A cross-sectional self-administered questionnaire survey of women attending a Danish fertility clinic over 4 months was performed. Descriptive statistics were calculated and presented as frequencies.

Main Outcome Measure
Communication about sexual matters with doctors included the women’s comfort, preferred and actual frequency of discussion, and initiation of the conversation. Sexual function included participants’ sexuality during the past year including certain sexual difficulties.

Results
Of the 201 participating women in the survey, most felt comfortable discussing sexual matters with doctors and preferred gynecologists for such discussions. There was a greater desire for communication than what was actually experienced by the women, and most wanted to initiate the conversation themselves. The women were less satisfied with their sexual life compared with a national control group, and they experienced sexual difficulties more often.

Conclusion
There is an unmet desire of women in fertility treatment for discussing sexual matters, and greater communication on this subject needs to be clinically implemented.
Eldridge KE, Giraldi A. Communication About Sexual Matters With Women Attending a Danish Fertility Clinic. A Descriptive Study. Sex Med 2017;5:e196–e202.
The collapse of megafaunal populations in southeastern Brazil
Authors: Raczka Marco F. , Bush Mark B. , De Oliveira Paulo Eduardo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWhether humans or climate change caused the extinction of megafaunal populations is actively debated. Caves in the Lagoa Santa provide mixed assemblages of megafauna and human remains; however, it remains uncertain the extent to which humans and megafauna interacted or overlapped temporally. Here we present the first paleoecological record from lowland South America that tracks the decline of megafauna and its ecological implications. We provide a data set for pollen, charcoal, andSporormiella,from two lakes in southeastern Brazil that span the last 23,000 yr. The data showed reduced abundances ofSporormiellaand an inferred megafaunal population decline that began 18,000 yr ago, with the functional extinction occurring between 12,000 and 11,500 yr ago. Population declines coincided with wet events. The age of the final megafaunal decline is within the range of the first human occupation of the region. Our data are consistent with climate causing the population collapse, with humans preventing population recovery and inducing extinction. We did not observe some of the ecological repercussions documented at other sites and attributed to the megafaunal extinction. Habitat-specific ecological consequences of the extinction add to the heterogeneity of late Pleistocene and early Holocene landscapes.
Who Controls Foreign Aid? Elite versus Public Perceptions of Donor Influence in Aid-Dependent Uganda
Authors: Findley Michael G. , Harris Adam S. , Milner Helen V. , Nielson Daniel L. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDoes foreign aid enable or constrain elite capture of public revenues? Reflecting on prominent debates in the foreign aid literature, we examine whether recipient preferences are consistent with a view that foreign donors wield substantial control over the flow of aid dollars, making elite capture more difficult and mass benefits more likely. We compare elite and mass support for foreign aid versus government spending on development projects through a survey experiment with behavioral outcomes. A key innovation is a parallel experiment on members of the Ugandan national parliament and a representative sample of Ugandan citizens. For two actual aid projects, we randomly assigned different funders to the projects. Significant treatment effects reveal that members of parliament support government programs over foreign aid, whereas citizens prefer aid over government. Donor control also implies that citizens should favor foreign aid more and elites less as their perceptions of government clientelism and corruption increase. We explore this and report on other alternative mechanisms. Effects for citizens and elites are most apparent for those perceiving significant government corruption, suggesting that both sets of subjects perceive significant donor control over aid.
Impact of habitat degradation on species diversity and nest abundance of five African stingless bee species in a tropical rainforest of Kenya
Authors: Kiatoko Nkoba , Raina Suresh Kumar , van Langevelde Frank 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNatural habitat degradation often involves the reduction or disappearance of bee species. In Africa, stingless bees are hunted for honey, which is used as food, for medicinal purposes, and for traditional rituals. Severe habitat degradation due to human settlement is hypothesized to have a negative impact on the species diversity of the African stingless bee species. In this paper, we assess the impact of habitat degradation on the diversity of five stingless bee species across different habitats in the tropical rainforest of Kenya (indigenous forest, mixed indigenous forest) and its neighbouring landscape (grassland, village) in western Kenya. The species fauna, nest occurrence, and species diversity of the stingless bee species varied across the different habitats. The number of nesting habitats of the meliponine species varied between habitats in the tropical rainforest.Meliponula ferruginea(reddish brown) nested in five habitats, whileMeliponula bocandeiandMeliponula ferruginea(black) nested only in two habitat types. The species richness decreased within the different types of habitats and the indigenous and mixed indigenous forest contained more species than other habitats. The fauna composition in both homesteads was exclusively similar, while the indigenous and mixed indigenous forests were mostly similar. Similarity in habitat preferences for nesting was revealed betweenM. bocandeivsPlebeina hildebrandtiandM. ferruginea(reddish brown) vsHypotrigona gribodoi. The natural native indigenous forest had the most diverse community compared to the degraded habitats. There are taxon-specific responses to habitat change; and in our study, there is clear value in conserving the native indigenous forest.
Comparison of the mitochondrial genomes of the Old and New World strains of the legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: Agunbiade Tolulope A. , Coates Brad S. , Sun Weilin , Tsai Mu-Rou , Valero Maria Carmen , Tamò Manuele , Pittendrigh Barry R. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMaruca vitrata(Fabricius, 1787) is a cryptic pantropical species of Lepidoptera that are comprised of two unique strains that inhabit the American continents (New World strain) and regions spanning from Africa through to Southeast Asia and Northern Australia (Old World strain). In this study, wede novoassembled the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the New World legume pod borer,M. vitrata, from shotgun sequence data generated on an Illumina HiSeq 2000. Phylogenomic comparisons were made with other previously published mitochondrial genome sequences from crambid moths, including the Old World strain ofM.vitrata. The 15,385 bpM. vitrata(New World) sequence has an 80.7% A+T content and encodes the 13 protein-coding, 2 ribosomal RNA and 22 transfer RNA genes in the typical orientation and arrangement of lepidopteran mitochondrial DNAs. Mitochondrial genome-wide comparison between the New and Old World strains ofM. vitratadetected 476 polymorphic sites (4.23% nucleotide divergence) with an excess of synonymous substitution as a result of purifying selection. Furthermore, this level of sequence variation suggests that these strains diverged from ~1.83 to 2.12 million years ago, assuming a linear rate of short-term substitution. Thede novoassemblies of mitochondrial genomes from next-generation sequencing (NGS) reads provide readily available data for similar comparative studies.
Carer's perception of and reaction to reassurance seeking in obsessive compulsive disorder
Authors: Kobori Osamu , Salkovskis Paul M. , Pagdin Rowena , Read Julie , Halldorsson Brynjar 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to explore the experience of being asked for reassurance from the perspective of carers of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) sufferers, and to examine its relationship to sufferers’ reassurance seeking by a direct comparison with data obtained from the person they normally offer reassurance to. Forty-two individuals with OCD and their carers completed alternate versions of the Reassurance Seeking Questionnaire. Result suggest that carers report most commonly providing reassurance when asked to do so, and the frequency of their reassurance provision is associated with how carefully sufferers seek reassurance, rather than their OCD symptom severity. The carer's perspectives on the impact of reassurance provision was accurate; both sufferers and carers perceive that reassurance works only temporarily, but even if the anxiety-relieving effect of reassurance decreases in the medium term, it is likely to be perceived as beneficial because carers accurately perceived that sufferers would feel much worse if they refused to provide reassurance. The present study is the first to quantitatively investigate carer's experiences of reassurance provision, and elucidate why carers feel the need to provide it.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: miR-1301 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis by decreasing Wnt/β-catenin signaling through targeting BCL9
Authors: Yang Chao , Xu Yonghua , Cheng Feng , Hu Yuanchang , Yang Shikun , Rao Jianhua , Wang Xuehao 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMetastasis is the major cause of the poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and increasing evidence supports the contribution of miRNAs to cancer progression. However, the exact relationship between the level of miR-1301 expression and HCC cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis remains largely unknown. Quantitative PCR was used to evaluate the level of miR-1301 expression in HCC tissues and cell lines. Transwell and tube-formation assays were used to measure the effects of miR-1301 on HCC cell migration and invasion, and angiogenesis, respectively. Luciferase reporter assays and western blotting were used to confirm the miR-1301 target genes. We found that miR-1301 was significantly downregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. Low miR-1301 expression was associated with tumor vascular invasion and Edmondson grade. Gain- and loss-of-function assays demonstrated that miR-1301 inhibited the migration, invasion, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. BCL9, upregulated in HCC tissues compared with matched adjacent normal tissues, was inversely correlated to miR-1301 levels in HCC tissues. Through reporter gene and western blot assays, BCL9 was shown to be a direct miR-1301 target. BCL9 overexpression could partially reverse the effects of miR-1301 on HCC cell migration and invasion. Most importantly, miR-1301 overexpression markedly suppressed the death of xenograft mouse models of cancer by reducing tumor load, metastasis, and host angiogenesis by downregulating BCL9, β-catenin, and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in tumor cells. Our observations suggested that miR-1301 inhibits HCC migration, invasion, and angiogenesis via decreasing Wnt/β-catenin signaling through targeting BCL9, and might be a therapeutic target for HCC.