bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preclinical Investigation on the Effect of Collagen Matrix With Polydeoxyribonucleotide at Buccally Positioned Implants
Authors: Kim Chang‐Hoon , Hong Ji‐Youn , Shin SeungIl , Shin Seung‐Yun , Chung Jong‐Hyuk , Thoma Daniel S. , Lim Hyun‐Chang 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe objective of this study is to investigate the effect of collagen matrix with polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) at two concentrations on keratinized tissue (KT) regeneration for buccally positioned implants in canines.MethodsFour implants were placed in the edentulous mandible of five dogs simultaneously with KT removal. The implants were positioned buccally with respect to the ridge crest. After 2 months, KT augmentation was performed applying the following treatment modalities:(1) free gingival graft (FGG), (2) xenogeneic collagen matrix (XCM), (3) XCM loaded with 2 mg/mL PDRN (PDRN2), and (4) XCM loaded with 4 mg/mL PDRN (PDRN4). All animals were sacrificed 3 months later. Outcomes included clinical (KT height) and histomorphometric measurements (KT height/length, level of the mucosa, mucosal thickness, supracrestal soft tissue height).ResultsClinical and histomorphometric KT formation at 3 months was greatest in groups with FGG (4.70 ± 1.00/3.94 ± 0.93 mm) and PDRN2 (4.85 ± 1.43/3.95 ± 0.87 mm). Group PDRN2 (1.87 ± 1.50 mm) showed a higher marginal mucosal level with respect to the implant platform compared to other groups (range: 0.57 ± 0.97–0.69 ± 1.14 mm). All groups presented a soft tissue thickness of < 2 mm on the buccal aspect of the implants.ConclusionsBased on the limitations of this pilot preclinical study, XCM with 2 mg/mL of PDRN demonstrated a potential for KT augmentation.
Defaunation impacts on the carbon balance of tropical forests
Authors: Brodie Jedediah F. , Bello Carolina , Emer Carine , Galetti Mauro , Luskin Matthew S. , Osuri Anand , Peres Carlos A. , Stoll Annina , Villar Nacho , López Ana‐Benítez 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe urgent need to mitigate and adapt to climate change necessitates a comprehensive understanding of carbon cycling dynamics. Traditionally, global carbon cycle models have focused on vegetation, but recent research suggests that animals can play a significant role in carbon dynamics under some circumstances, potentially enhancing the effectiveness of nature‐based solutions to mitigate climate change. However, links between animals, plants, and carbon remain unclear. We explored the complex interactions between defaunation and ecosystem carbon in Earth's most biodiverse and carbon‐rich biome, tropical rainforests. Defaunation can change patterns of seed dispersal, granivory, and herbivory in ways that alter tree species composition and, therefore, forest carbon above‐ and belowground. Most studies we reviewed show that defaunation reduces carbon storage 0−26% in the Neo‐ and Afrotropics, primarily via population declines in large‐seeded, animal‐dispersed trees. However, Asian forests are not predicted to experience changes because their high‐carbon trees are wind dispersed. Extrapolating these local effects to entire ecosystems implies losses of ∼1.6 Pg CO2 equivalent across the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and 4−9.2 Pg across the Amazon over 100 years and of ∼14.7−26.3 Pg across the Congo basin over 250 years. In addition to being hard to quantify with precision, the effects of defaunation on ecosystem carbon are highly context dependent; outcomes varied based on the balance between antagonist and mutualist species interactions, abiotic conditions, human pressure, and numerous other factors. A combination of experiments, large‐scale comparative studies, and mechanistic models could help disentangle the effects of defaunation from other anthropogenic forces in the face of the incredible complexity of tropical forest systems. Overall, our synthesis emphasizes the importance of—and inconsistent results when—integrating animal dynamics into carbon cycle models, which is crucial for developing climate change mitigation strategies and effective policies.
Sylvia Wynter's Decolonial Philosophy: How Being Human Needs an Origin Story
Authors: Andersson Ingrid 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this article, Ingrid Andersson discusses the decolonial philosophy of Sylvia Wynter, with a special focus on addressing her concepts of the hybrid human and origin stories. Andersson shows how Wynter's philosophizing about the being of being human is premised on an entanglement of nature and culture that is on par with the posthuman understanding of the ontological inseparability of matter and discourse. She goes on to interrogate some productive tensions between Wynter's decolonial philosophy and posthumanism by pointing out how Wynter's hybrid human formulates an understanding of human nature that is different in itself and not solely in relation to other nonhuman entities. In the final part of the article, she proposes how we, with Wynter, can devise a pedagogical approach that seeks to counteract harmful taxonomizing practices.
Seasonally Changing Interactions of Species Traits of Termites and Trees Promote Complementarity in Coarse Wood Decomposition
Authors: Guo Chao , Tuo Bin , Seibold Sebastian , Ci Hang , Sai Bi‐Le , Qin Han‐Tang , Yan En‐Rong , Cornelissen Johannes H. C. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTComplementary resource use by functionally different species may accelerate ecosystem processes. However, how co‐variation in plant traits and animal traits promotes complementarity through temporal plant–animal interactions is poorly understood, even less so in detrital systems, thereby hampering our fundamental understanding of decomposition and carbon turnover. We hypothesised that, in seasonal subtropical forests where termites are major deadwood decomposers, trait complementarity of both termite species and tree species should promote overall deadwood decomposition through different seasons and years. Findings from a four‐year coarse wood decomposition experiment involving 27 tree and 5 termite species support this hypothesis. Phenological and mandibular traits of the two most abundant termite species controlled wood decomposition of tree species differing in wood traits, through the seasons over 4 years, thereby promoting overall deadwood decomposition rates. Our findings indicate that complementarity in functional trait co‐variation in plants and animals plays an important role in carbon cycling.
Third‐Party Affiliation in Domestic Dogs During and After a Human Conflict
Authors: Rial Laura Analía , Cavalli Camila , Dzik Marina Victoria , Bentosela Mariana 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTSeveral behaviors occur in the aftermath of within‐group conflicts. These include spontaneous affiliation toward the victim from an uninvolved third party. When third‐party affiliations reduce the stress of the victim, this behavior has been defined as consolation. Given the absence of previous reports, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the presence of third‐party post‐conflict affiliation when dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) observe their owners arguing. We carried out two studies varying the intensity and the duration of the dispute. Affiliative behaviors toward each of the owners were registered, as well as stress‐related behaviors. Our findings support the existence of third‐party affiliation from dogs toward their owners during and after a conflict between them, evidenced as higher rates of victim‐directed affiliative behaviors in the experimental condition versus the control, in both studies. Moreover, dogs exhibited more stress‐related behaviors in the experimental condition compared to the control, but only in the second study, which suggests these stimuli were experienced as aversive, even though they were not aimed at the dogs. In addition, in the second study dogs displayed aggressor‐directed behaviors that could be interpreted as appeasement. Finally, there was no evidence that the level of the bond between the dog and each owner acts as a modulator of affiliative behavior. Further studies are required to expand our understanding of these abilities of dogs and its effects on the emotional state of the victim.
Cluster Analysis of Migraine‐associated Symptoms (CAMS) in youth: A retrospective cross‐sectional multicenter study
Authors: Patterson Gentile Carlyn , Szperka Christina L. , Hershey Andrew D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo conduct a retrospective cross‐sectional multicenter study to validate the relationships between migraine‐associated symptoms.BackgroundSymptoms associated with headache—photophobia and phonophobia, nausea, and/or vomiting—are required criteria for migraine diagnosis based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders‐Third Edition (ICHD‐3). However, individuals with migraine report high rates of other symptoms (e.g., lightheadedness, difficulty thinking). We recently completed a single‐center study assessing the relationships between an expanded set of migraine‐associated symptoms.MethodsA pre‐registered cross‐sectional multicenter retrospective analysis was conducted on standardized questionnaire data of youth ages 6–17 years from two headache registries at pediatric tertiary care centers. Cluster Analysis of Migraine‐associated Symptoms (CAMS) was implemented to assess associations between 11 migraine‐associated symptoms. We explored differences between the two centers, and how CAMS was associated with demographics, including sex and age, and headache burden.ResultsThere were 10,721 participants who were 66.5% female and had a median (interquartile range) age of 13 (10–15) years. The first three CAMS dimensions accounted for 46.5% of the variance and were consistent across sites. The first dimension indicated those reporting any migraine‐associated symptoms were likely to report multiple. The second dimension separated symptoms into those included in ICHD‐3 migraine diagnostic criteria and non‐ICHD symptoms (e.g., lightheadedness, difficulty thinking). The third dimension separated sensory hypersensitivity and vestibular symptoms. An abundance of migraine‐associated symptoms correlated with greater headache severity (Spearman's ρ = 0.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.17–0.20; small effect size) and disability (ρ = 0.26, 95% CI 0.25–0.28; small effect size). We also observed differences in associated symptoms across age and sex.DiscussionAssociations between an expanded set of migraine‐associated symptoms are informative for headache burden and reveal intriguing changes across child development and sex. We were able to replicate findings across two centers, indicating that these symptom clusters are inherent to migraine.
Impact of Karnofsky performance status on outcomes of patients with severe alcohol‐associated hepatitis: a propensity‐matched analysis
Authors: Kulkarni Anand V. , Venishetty Shantan , Kumar Karan , Gurav Nitish , Albhaisi Somaya , Chhabbra Prateek , Shaik Sameer , Alla Manasa , Iyengar Sowmya , Sharma Mithun , Rao Padaki N. , Arab Juan P. , Reddy Duvvur N. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsSeverity scores, including the model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) and discriminant function score, guide the treatment of patients with severe alcohol‐associated hepatitis (AH). We aimed to investigate the impact of functional status on outcomes of patients with AH.MethodsMedically managed patients (n = 133) with AH from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2022 were included in this prospective study. The objectives were to compare the long‐term survival, recompensation rates, corticosteroid response, incidence of infections, hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and acute kidney injury (AKI) among propensity score‐matched patients with good Karnofsky performance status (KPS) (score ≥50) and poor KPS (score <50) using Kaplan–Meier analysis.ResultsTwenty‐five patients with good KPS were matched with 25 patients with poor KPS and followed up for a median duration of 10 (0.5–33) months. Survival was 76% (19/25; 95% confidence interval (CI), 54.9–90.6) in patients with good KPS compared to 42.3% (11/25; 95% CI, 23.4–63.1) patients with poor KPS (P = 0.001) at 10 months. The recompensation rate was higher in the good KPS group than in the poor KPS group (68% vs 44%; P = 0.04). A higher proportion of patients in the good KPS group (78.9%) than in the poor KPS group (42.8%; P = 0.03) responded to corticosteroids. Survival was lower among non‐responders in the poor KPS group (0% vs 75%; P = 0.01). The proportion of patients who developed infection (36% vs 28%; P = 0.051), HE (36% vs 12%; P = 0.01) and AKI (60% vs 16%; P < 0.001) was higher in patients with poor KPS than in good KPS.ConclusionsKPS is an important determinant of outcomes in patients with AH, including survival, recompensation, response to corticosteroids and complications.
Patient Experiences of Patient‐Initiated Brief Admission in Psychiatric Care: A Systematic Review
Authors: Värnå Emma , Nederman Jonas , Saliba‐Gustafsson Erika A. , Eckerström Joachim 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPatient‐initiated brief admission (PIBA) is an innovative psychiatric care intervention that gives patients the autonomy to initiate a short admission (approximately 1–3 days) to psychiatric inpatient care. This intervention is structured around a mutual agreement between the patient and their care provider that outlines the specific structure and content of their care. Unlike regular psychiatric admissions, healthcare professionals do not review the patient's decision for admission during PIBA. Similar interventions have been developed globally to reduce the need for long inpatient admissions and compulsory care by enhancing patient autonomy, promoting active participation in care, and empowering patients to recognise early signs of mental health deterioration. The objective of this systematic review was to explore the experiences of PIBA among individuals with mental health disorders. A systematic review was conducted using qualitative articles sourced from the PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases. A total of thirteen original articles were included in the review, encompassing 186 patients. Research demonstrates that PIBA significantly impacts patients' care experiences in various ways. Access to PIBA gives patients the opportunity to take a break from daily stressors, which has proven significant in interrupting the cycle of worsening symptoms and negative thoughts. Furthermore, when the care environment is characterised by trust and respect, patients experience an increased sense of freedom, which contributes to a more effective recovery process. PIBA provides patients with a sense of safety and offers the possibility of a more functional daily life. Healthcare professionals'attitude and care provision also significantly influences patients' experiences. Central to a positive patient experience are a warm reception, attentiveness, and active listening. PIBA can not only change patients' perceptions of healthcare but, more importantly, fosters a transformative view of themselves as active participants in their own well‐being. Knowledgeable healthcare professionals are crucial for the successful implementation of this intervention. By offering dignity and warmth alongside safety, PIBA addresses a critical gap in patient mental health care.
High strength C/Si‒Ni‒C composites fabricated by reaction melt infiltration with Si‒Ni alloy at lower temperature
Authors: Chen Yiming , Zhang Wei , Han Yangjie , Li Song , Xue Rong , Zeng Yuke , Qin Qianhui , Wang Jiping , Xiao Zhichao , Xia Hongyan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSilicon‒nickel alloy (Si‒Ni) was first used for fabricating continuous carbon fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites by reaction melt infiltration process. Based on Si‒Ni phase diagram, 66.7 at.% Si‒Ni was chosen, which has a lower liquidus temperature of 1115°C. The C/Si‒Ni‒C composites were infiltrated at temperature of 1270°C‒1390°C, and the prepared composite consists of C, SiC, NiSi, and NiSi2 phases. The density of the composite is higher than 2.29 g/cm3 and their open porosity is below 3%, indicating the composite was infiltrated completely by the Si‒Ni alloy. The C/Si‒Ni‒C composite exhibits significantly higher flexural strength and fracture toughness compared to the C/C‒SiC composite infiltrated with pure silicon at 1500°C. Specifically, the flexural strength and fracture toughness of the C/Si‒Ni‒C composite infiltrated at 1390°C increase by 140% and 300%, respectively. The improvement of mechanical properties contributed to the low reactivity between silicon‒nickel with carbon fibers, and the lower infiltration temperature, which can reduce degradation of carbon fiber as reinforcement. Moreover, the NiSi2 and NiSi alloy phases in the C/Si‒Ni‒C composite replace the brittle silicon phase in the C/C‒SiC composite, which can obviously enhance the fracture toughness.
The Mediating Role of Health Empowerment in the Relationship Between Social Support and Loneliness Among Nursing Home Residents: A Correlational Study
Authors: Demirel Hüsne , Ayaz‐Alkaya Sultan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLoneliness is a significant public health problem due to the physical, cognitive and psychosocial changes that occur with ageing. Social support and empowerment can be particularly important for older people, alleviating loneliness and improving mental well‐being.PurposeThe present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of health empowerment in the relationship between perceived social support and loneliness among nursing home residents.Study DesignThe study was conducted with a correlational design and reported based on STROBE checklist.MethodsThe study was completed with 277 older adults aged 65 years and over residing in nursing homes. Process Macro Model 4 was conducted to verify the mediating role.ResultsThe response rate was 95.6%. Most older adults experienced a feeling of loneliness, and the level of social support and empowerment perceived by most of them was high. The study found a mediating role of health empowerment in the relationship between social support and loneliness. Social support was significantly positively correlated with health empowerment and negatively correlated with loneliness. The significant standardised indirect effect of health empowerment on loneliness evidenced a partial mediating role.ConclusionThis study concluded that health empowerment has a partial mediating role in the effect of perceived social support and loneliness.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareNurses could develop effective strategies for preventing psychosocial problems in nursing home residents. Nurses could contribute significantly as educators, counsellors and leaders in planning interventions to empower older adults.ImpactBy empowering older adults regarding healthcare, nurses could increase their perception of social support, improving mental health by increasing effective coping with loneliness. Nurses could design intervention programmes to increase perceived social support, as well as health empowerment levels, and reduce older adults' loneliness in nursing homes.Patient or Public ContributionOlder adults completed the instruments.
Old disease—New reflections: Gaucher, immunity, and inflammation
Authors: Şoroğlu Can Veysel , Berkay Ezgi Gizem 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGaucher disease (GD) is the most common lysosomal storage disease. It is a multisystemic metabolic disease caused by GBA pathogenic mutations. Although the general symptoms have been known for a long time, new treatment possibilities, the detection of different biomarkers, and innovations in diagnosis and follow‐up have paved the way for further studies. Recent studies have shown that the immune system has become an essential factor associated with disease progression. The role of Gaucher cells in the disease is well characterized. In addition to phagocytic macrophage cells, lymphocytes, complement system, and inflammatory pathway elements are also implicated in GD as they were shown to be the underlying factors causing associated pathologies such as Parkinson's. In this article, the relationship between the GD and the immune system has been examined and reviewed in light of new findings.
The First Standardised Sampling Plan Designed to Scout Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) Adults in Corn Crops Using Yellow Sticky Traps
Authors: das Graças do Carmo Daiane , Pinto Cleovan Barbosa , Lopes Pedro Henrique Queiroz , Paes Jhersyka da Silva , de Souza Hugo Daniel Dias , Santos Abraão Almeida , Cecon Paulo Roberto , Sarmento Renato de Almeida , Picanço Marcelo Coutinho 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is one of the main pests in corn crops causing yield reductions of up to 70%. Dalbulus maidis primarily damages corn by transmitting pathogens. Direct plant damage is caused by sap suction and toxin injection. Sampling corn fields to determine the D. maidis density for decision‐making systems can be challenging due to field size, time and cost. Yellow sticky traps (YST) are commonly employed to determine the presence and density of D. maidis because they are easy to use and allow quick and low‐cost assessment. This study aimed to propose and evaluate a new sampling plan for D. maidis in corn crops using YST. This research was carried out in commercial corn crops in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes for 3 years. The pest density in traps and on plants were moderately (r = 0.54–0.66) and significantly (p < 0.0001) correlated. The density evaluated in the traps showed relative variance of less than 25% and sampling time of up to 2 min per sample unit. The negative binomial distribution was adequate to represent the D. maidis density probability distribution for the YST sampling method with K common (2.8979) among all the fields evaluated. The sampling plan consisted of installing one trap every two hectares. The plan's total cost ranged from US$/ha 0.41 to 0.50, with a total sampling time of up to 2.5 min/ha. We propose this new sampling plan for D. maidis, which is suitable for incorporation into management programmes in corn crops, as it is representative, accurate, fast and low cost.
Fiscal Policy, International Spillovers, and Endogenous Productivity
Authors: KLEIN MATHIAS , LINNEMANN LUDGER 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe paper presents empirical evidence on the international effects of U.S. fiscal policy from structural vector autoregressions identified through external instruments in a panel setting for the G7 countries. An exogenous increase in U.S. government spending is estimated to produce sizable positive responses of output and consumption in the rest of the G7 countries, both about half as large as their domestic U.S. counterparts, while strongly depreciating the U.S. terms of trade and lowering the U.S. trade balance and short‐run real interest rates. Moreover, fiscal shocks are estimated to have a strongly positive impact on hourly labor productivity in the private sector. We solve a two‐country New Keynesian model in closed form and show that a low cost elasticity of varying technology utilization can simultaneously explain the positive productivity, consumption, and international spillover effects as well as the real depreciation resulting from expansionary U.S. government spending shocks.