bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unstressing the Reticulum: Nutritional Strategies for Modulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Obesity
Authors: Brito Michele Lima , Coutinho‐Wolino Karen Salve , Almeida Patricia Pereira , Trigueira Pricilla de Castro , Alves Ana Paula de Paula , Magliano D'Angelo Carlo , Stockler‐Pinto Milena Barcza 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe progression of obesity involves several molecular mechanisms that are closely associated with the pathophysiological response of the disease. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is one such factor. Lipotoxicity disrupts endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis in the context of obesity. Furthermore, it induces ER stress by activating several signaling pathways via inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. ER performs crucial functions in protein synthesis and lipid metabolism; thus, triggers such as lipotoxicity can promote the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the organelle. The accumulation of these proteins can lead to metabolic disorders and chronic inflammation, resulting in cell death. Thus, alternatives, such as flavonoids, amino acids, and polyphenols that are associated with antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory responses have been proposed to attenuate this response by modulating ER stress via the administration of nutrients and bioactive compounds. Decreasing inflammation and oxidative stress can reduce the expression of several ER stress markers and improve clinical outcomes through the management of obesity, including the control of body weight, visceral fat, and lipid accumulation. This review explores the metabolic changes resulting from ER stress and discusses the role of nutritional interventions in modulating the ER stress pathway in obesity.
Exploring the Effects of Whole Food‐Based Dragon Fruit on Metabolic Disorders in High‐Fat Diet‐Induced Mice
Authors: Ho Pin‐Yu , Lin Pin‐Xuan , Koh Yen‐Chun , Lin Wei‐Sheng , Tang Kai‐Liang , Chen Yu‐Hsin , Weerawatanakorn Monthana , Pan Min‐Hsiung 
Published: October 2024

ScopeMetabolic syndrome (MetS) significantly contributes to premature mortality, with obesity being a major risk factor. Dragon fruit, cultivated globally, exhibits bioactivity in preventing obesity‐related diseases. Traditional studies using organic solvents for extraction do not align with actual consumption patterns.Method and resultsThis study evaluates whole red dragon fruit's effectiveness in ameliorating metabolic disorders using a high‐fat diet‐induced obesity model in mice for 20 weeks. The experimental groups include the supernatant (RS), precipitate (RP), and pomace (PO) of red dragon fruit juice, compared to the supernatant of white dragon fruit juice (WS). The study finds that dragon fruit extracts reduced adipose tissue weight, body fat percentage, pro‐inflammatory cytokines, and improved blood lipid profiles. RP is the most effective, reducing body weight by 4.33 g, improving lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis, and altering gut microbiota to enhance beneficial bacteria and short‐chain fatty acids. RP's efficacy in preventing MetS and obesity is attributed to its bioactive components.ConclusionThese findings advocate for using whole fruits in developing functional products, amplifying the agricultural economic value of red dragon fruit.
Miniaturized filter with harmonic suppression characteristics by embedding microstrip resonators in half‐mode substrate‐integrated waveguide resonant cavities
Authors: Yan Xiaohei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA novel filter design is proposed that employs harmonic rejection characteristics based on half‐mode substrate‐integrated waveguide resonance cavities and microstrip resonators. The objective is to expand the filter's blocking bandwidth and reduce the filter's size. The filter employs two half‐mode substrate‐integrated waveguide resonant cavities, which serve to effectively reduce the size of the filter. Moreover, the higher‐order modes TE201 and TE202 are unable to propagate within the resonant cavities. The suppression of the TE102 mode is achieved by setting the coupling window between the resonant cavities at the weakest field strength of this mode. Concurrently, two microstrip resonators are integrated into the coupling window, thereby enabling the realization of a fourth‐order filter response with only two resonant cavities. The filter was processed and measured, and the results were found to be in good agreement with the simulation. It is proved that the design method proposed in this paper is feasible.
Multidimensional RF pulse design with consideration of concomitant field effects
Authors: Zhao Ziwei , Lee Nam G. , Nayak Krishna S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeTo develop a small‐tip multidimensional RF pulse design procedure that incorporates linear time‐invariant gradient imperfections and concomitant field effects. This could be particularly important for contemporary low‐field MRI systems with high‐performance gradients.Theory and MethodsWe developed an extension of the small‐tip excitation k‐space formalism, where concomitant fields were approximated as a Bloch‐Siegert shift in the rotating frame. This was evaluated using realistic simulations of 2D selective excitation at various field strengths (0.2T, 0.55T, 1.5T, 3T, and 7T) with single and parallel transmit. Simulated excitation profiles from the original and extended k‐space formalisms were compared. Experimental validations were performed at 0.55T with a single‐channel transmit.ResultsThe extended formalism provides improved 2D excitation profiles in all scenarios simulated, compared against the original formalism. The proposed method corrects the concomitant field effects on 2D selective excitations for B0 > 0.2T when the magnitude of the B0 is far larger than that of nonrotating concomitant fields. Simulation and phantom experiments at 0.55T match well for both original and proposed methods, with the proposed method providing sharper and more accurate excitation profiles at off‐isocenter distances up to 15 cm. The impact of the proposed method is greatest in scenarios where concomitant fields are substantial, such as low field strengths and off‐isocenter.ConclusionConcomitant fields can be modeled as a Bloch‐Siegert shift in the rotating frame during multidimensional RF pulse design, resulting in improved excitation profiles with sharp edges. This is important to consider for off‐isocenter excitations and imaging at low field strengths with strong gradients.
Pediatric oncology nutritional practices in high‐income countries: A survey from the International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP)
Authors: Gordon Erin , van den Brink Mirjam , van der Linden Nina , Ringwald‐Smith Karen , Gardiner Breeana , Murphy‐Alford Alexia J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundOptimal nutrition in pediatric oncology can influence cancer‐related outcomes. To establish an understanding of nutrition practice and perceptions of best practice, we queried nutrition providers practicing in pediatric oncology care centers in high‐income countries.MethodsAn electronic, multidisciplinary, cross‐sectional survey of nutrition practices was conducted among pediatric oncology nutrition practitioners. Final analysis included 110 surveys from 71 unique institutions and included practitioners from Europe, the United States, Canada, Australia/New Zealand, South America, and the Middle East/Asia.ResultsThe majority of institutions (97%) reported having dietitians; 72% had designated oncology dietitians. Approximately half of the practitioners (47%) reported feeling their institutions were inadequately staffed. The majority (78%) of institutions completed nutrition risk screening, but there was no consensus on specific screening practices. Half (50%) of the institutions that screened for nutrition risk did so in both inpatient and outpatient settings. The majority (80%) of institutions completed a nutrition assessment close to the time of diagnosis. Those that did not cite lack of staff and/or lack of time, lack of standardized approach, and consult only level of nutritional care as primary barriers. The most common topic of nutrition education provided to patients/families was nutrition‐related symptom management (68%).ConclusionWhile most institutions reported having pediatric oncology dietitians, we found a lack of standardized practice and perceived inadequate staffing. In addition, what providers perceived to be best practice did not always align with day‐to‐day clinical practice. Ongoing efforts are needed to develop evidence‐based guidelines, including staffing recommendations, to support specialized care in this population.
Agenesis of the Ductus Venosus and Its Association With Genetic Abnormalities
Authors: Mash Yarin , Bardin Ron , Gilboa Yinon , Geron Yossi , Romano Asaf , Hadar Eran , Goldstein Dana Brabbing , Davidov Bella , Houri Ohad 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate the association of agenesis of the ductus venosus (ADV) with genetic abnormalities using genetic studies—Chromosomal Microarray Analysis (CMA) and Exome Sequencing (ES).DesignRetrospective study of all fetuses diagnosed with ADV between January 2013 and December 2022 in a tertiary center.ResultsADV was diagnosed in 33 fetuses. The diagnosis was made at a mean gestational age of 21.2 ± 8.4 weeks. Conventional karyotype was applied in a single fetus (3.0%), CMA was applied in 21 fetuses (66.7%), and five fetuses (22.8%) were additionally tested with ES. ADV was isolated in eight fetuses (24%), whereas in 25 (76%) it was associated with abnormal ultrasound findings, including increased nuchal translucency (NT), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and variable structural malformations, mostly cardiac (42%) followed by central nervous system (CNS) and skeletal malformations (24%). Genetic abnormalities were found in six fetuses out of 22 investigated (27%), of which 3 were detected by ES, 3 by CMA and 1 by conventional karyotype. A higher incidence of genetic aberrations was evident among ADVs associated with abnormal ultrasound findings. Genetic abnormalities were indicative of Prader Willi/Angelman syndrome, Noonan syndrome, CASK related disorder, 16q24.3 microdeletion syndrome and Trisomy 21.ConclusionADV associated with abnormal ultrasound findings is commonly correlated with genetic abnormalities and consequently unfavorable pregnancy outcomes. Our study emphasizes the value of genetic studies chiefly among cases associated with abnormal ultrasound findings, enabling early diagnosis of fetal pathologies associated with ADV, and providing better parental counseling.
‘Putting expertise at the front door’: A systems change evaluation of digitally‐mediated team communication for responding to social, emotional, and mental health support needs in primary school settings
Authors: Jones Lauren S. , Russell Ailsa , Brosnan Mark 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe role of education staff in supporting social, emotional, and mental health (SEMH) difficulties is critical, however access to specialist mental health input can be difficult. Digitally‐mediated service delivery was implemented during the COVID‐19 pandemic and may be integrated in a post‐COVID‐19 world to support education staff. Using a systems change evaluation framework, this study explored staff perceptions of a digitally‐mediated, multidisciplinary model for SEMH needs in primary school settings. Participants were education staff (n = 6) from five participating schools in a rural county in the UK and the multidisciplinary team (n = 7). Focus groups were conducted at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months during a 2‐year pilot project. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Education staff and the multidisciplinary team perceived progress over time in relation to increased capacity (for early intervention) and improved coordination (between relevant children's services). Digitally‐mediated service delivery facilitated changes in practice that were empowering for education staff and supportive in meeting communication needs. This study provides preliminary support for acceptability of digitally‐mediated team communication as an enhanced model of SEMH service provision in primary school settings in the UK.
Stearyl polyoxyethylene ether‐grafted chitosan nanoparticles for improving the antibacterial property of tetracycline
Authors: Quyen Tran Ngoc , Phuong Nguyen Nam , Van Toan Nguyen , Kim Dung Tran , Do‐Minh‐Hoang Vo , Phuong‐Thu Ha , Thi Thu Trang Mai , Nhi Tran Thi Yen , Thi Le Hang Dang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this study, a grafted copolymer based on chitosan and Brij S100 (CTS–Brij S100) was prepared to design a nanocarrier system that increases the sensitivity of tetracycline (Tetra) against methicillin‐susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). The self‐assembly behavior of CTS–Brij S100 to micelles was confirmed by the benzoylacetone assay. About 4.6 ± 0.175% of Tetra was encapsulated into CTS–Brij S100 with an efficiency of 96.9 ± 0.213%. Dynamic light scattering determined the size of Tetra‐loaded nanoparticles (CTS–Brij S100@Tetra) to be 85.5 ± 1.913 nm with narrow distribution. The high‐positive value of CTS–Brij S100@Tetra (zeta = + 30.9 mV) indicates a stable colloidal system. The release profile of Tetra from CTS–Brij S100 followed the Weibull model with a complex diffusion mechanism. The bactericidal efficacy was tested against MSSA. Interestingly, the blank CTS–Brij S100 nanoparticle could express its inhibition to MSSA when the concentration was 150 μg/mL. Therefore, with the help of CTS–Brij S100, Tetra had superior bactericidal efficiency comparable to free form. In vitro biocompatibility test on fibroblast cells (L929) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) ensures the safety of CTS–Brij S100. It can be concluded that the CTS–Brij S100 system holds potential for applications in facilitating the delivery of the antibiotic Tetra.
The role of selected nutraceuticals in management of prediabetes and diabetes: An updated review of the literature. Part II
Authors: Derosa Giuseppe , D'Angelo Angela , Maffioli Pamela 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe have already published a review about the results of clinical trials evaluating the effects of selected nutraceuticals on glycemia in humans. In this second part, we describe the role of other nutraceuticals involved in dysglycemia. The available evidence showed promising hypoglycemic effects of the nutraceuticals reviewed both for their efficacy and safety profile. However, contradictory results as regard the efficacy of some supplements such as Allium sativum, Juglans regia, and Lycium barbarum on glucose homeostasis have emerged from some clinical studies. Other nutraceuticals including Aloe vera, Amorphophallus Konjac, Bauhinia forficata, Coccinia, Ganoderma lucidum, Ipomoea batatas, and Lupinus mutabilis require larger and long‐term studies rigorously designed to confirm their hypoglycemic effects due to the scarce data available and the poor quality of clinical trials. Further studies are also required for Cinnamomum, Cynara scolymus, Momordica charantia, Olea europaea, and Opuntia streptacantha. Moreover, well‐designed large and long‐term clinical trials including the use of standardized nutraceutical preparations are necessary for Phaseolus vulgaris and Vaccinium myrtillus.
Regression Approaches to Assess Effect of Treatments That Arrest Progression of Symptoms
Authors: Ortega‐Villa Ana M. , Nason Martha C. , Fay Michael P. , Alehashemi Sara , Goldbach‐Mansky Raphaela , Follmann Dean A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMotivated by a small sample example in neonatal onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID), we propose a method that can be used when the interest is testing for an association between a changes in disease progression with start of treatment compared to historical disease progression prior to treatment. Our method estimates the longitudinal trajectory of the outcome variable and adds an interaction term between an intervention indicator variable and the time since initiation of the intervention. This method is appropriate for a situation in which the intervention slows or arrests the effect of the disease on the outcome, as is the case in our motivating example. By simulation in small samples and restricted sets of treatment initiation times, we show that the generalized estimating equations (GEE) formulation with small sample adjustments can bound the Type I error rate better than GEE and linear mixed models without small sample adjustments. Permutation tests (permuting the time of treatment initiation) is another valid approach that can also be useful. We illustrate the methodology through an application to a prospective cohort of NOMID patients enrolled at the NIH clinical center.
Comprehensive Experimental and DFT‐Based Theoretical Analysis of a Novel Cobalt(II) Complex: Structural Characterization and Optical Properties
Authors: Ferchichi Amal , Makhlouf Jawher , Valkonen Arto , Abuelizz Hatem A. , Al‐Salahi Rashad , El Bakri Youness , Smirani Wajda 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis work aims to investigate a novel structure based on 1‐methylpiperazine cation [Co(NCS)4(OH2)2]·(C5H14N2)·H2O. The novel complex, 1‐methylpiperazine‐1,4‐diium diaquatetrakis (thiocyanato)‐cobalt hydrate, was investigated using DRX, differential thermogravimetry analysis, FTIR, UV–vis, impedance complex analysis, and density functional theory (DFT). Based on the reported results of these characterization tools, the desired complex phases were confirmed. In the title compound, the aromatic ring in the cationic entity adopts a slightly distorted chair conformation, which ensures coordination stability. FTIR analysis were occurred, which supported the presence of surface ligand groups of thiocyanates, and UV–vis spectroscopy of the electronic transition. Explorations of impedance spectroscopy on [Co(NCS)4(OH2)2]·(C5H14N2)·H2O reveal a fascinating electrical behavior which reveals that the Co complex component can be used as an electronic chip and under certain conditions. The electronic structure and optical properties of the complex were explored using the DFT, confirming it as a direct bandgap semiconductor with a predicted bandgap of 2.89 eV. Optical anisotropic features of the complex, aligning with its monoclinic structure, were identified via analysis of the dielectric function across the [100], [010], and [001] crystallographic directions. The thermal analysis was used to confirm the crystal thermal stability.
Recent Advances in Barium Cobaltite‐Based Perovskite Oxides as Cathodes for Intermediate‐Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Song Yufei , Yi Yongning , Ran Ran , Zhou Wei , Wang Wei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSolid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are considered as advanced energy conversion technologies due to the high efficiency, fuel flexibility, and all‐solid structure. Nevertheless, their widespread applications are strongly hindered by the high operational temperatures, limited material selection choices, inferior long‐term stability, and relatively high costs. Therefore, reducing operational temperatures of SOFCs to intermediate‐temperature (IT, 500–800 °C) range can remarkably promote the practical applications by enabling the use of low‐cost materials and enhancing the cell stability. Nevertheless, the conventional cathodes for high‐temperature SOFCs display inferior electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at reduced temperatures. Barium cobaltite (BaCoO3‐δ)‐based perovskite oxides are regarded as promising cathodes for IT‐SOFCs because of the high free lattice volume and large oxygen vacancy content. However, BaCoO3‐δ‐based perovskite oxides suffer from poor structural stability, inferior thermal compatibility, and insufficient ionic conductivity. Herein, an in‐time review about the recent advances in BaCoO3‐δ‐based cathodes for IT‐SOFCs is presented by emphasizing the material design strategies including functional/selectively doping, deficiency control, and (nano)composite construction to enhance the ORR activity/durability and thermal compatibility. Finally, the currently existed challenges and future research trends are presented. This review will provide valuable insights for the development of BaCoO3‐δ‐based electrocatalysts for various energy conversion/storage technologies.
Cation‐π Interactions Based Conductive Hydrogels with Slide‐Ring Structure Toward Super Long‐Time in‐air/Underwater Linear Sensing and Communication
Authors: Bai Yang , Shi Yuxin , Li Xuchao , Zhang Yucong , Wang Yaqi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractConductive hydrogels (CHs) are attracted more attention in the flexible wearable sensors field, however, how to stably apply CHs underwater is still a big challenge. In order to achieve the usage of CHs in aquatic environments, the integrated properties such as water retention ability, resistance to swelling, toughness, adhesiveness, linear GF sensing, and long‐term usage are necessary to consider, but rarely reported in the previous reports. This paper proposes CHs prepared using cationic and aromatic monomers along with polyrotaxanes‐based crosslinkers. Due to the intermolecular cation‐π interactions and topological slide‐ring‐based polyrotaxanes, the CHs exhibit good mechanical performance, adhesive nature, and anti‐swelling properties. The presence of slide‐ring‐based topological architecture effectively mitigates stress concentration. Additionally, the encapsulation of PA allows CHs to maintain functionality even after 240 days of direct placement at room temperature. Notably, the designed CHs exhibit linear sensitivity in detecting land/underwater human motions, and serve as Morse code signal transmitters for information transmission. Thus, the designed CHs may have broad applications in the underwater wearable sensors field.
Biomimetic Multi‐Interface Design of Raspberry‐like Absorbent: Gd‐doped FeNi3@Covalent Organic Framework Derivatives for Efficient Electromagnetic Attenuation
Authors: Hu Ruizhe , He Xue , Luo Yuqi , Liu Chongbo , Liu Shiyu , Lv Xintong , Yan Jinxi , Peng Yuhui , Yuan Mingyue , Che Renchao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractStructural design and interface regulation are useful strategies for achieving strong electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA) and broad effective absorption bandwidth (EAB). Herein, a monomer‐mediated strategy is employed to control the growth of covalent organic framework (COF) wrapping flower‐shaped Gd‐doped FeNi3 (GFN), and a novel raspberry‐like absorbent based on biomimetic design is fabricated by thermal catalysis. Further, a unique dielectric‐magnetic synergistic system is constructed by utilizing the COF‐derived nitrogen‐doped porous carbon (NPC) as the shell and anisotropic GFN as the core. The electromagnetic parameters of the GFN@NPC composites can be tuned by adjusting the proportions of GFN and NPC. Off‐axis electron holography results further clarify the interface polarization and microscale magnetic interactions affecting the EMW loss mechanism. As a result, the GFN@NPC samples exhibit broad EMWA performance. The EAB values of all GFN@NPC composites reach up to 6.0 GHz, with the GFN@NPC‐2 sample showing a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −69.6 dB at 1.68 mm. In addition, GFN@NPC‐2 achieves a maximum radar cross–section (RCS) reduction of 29.75 dB·m2. A multi‐layer gradient structure is also constructed using metamaterial simulation to achieve an ultra‐wide EAB of 12.24 GHz. Overall, this work provides a novel bio‐inspired design strategy to develop high‐performance EMWA materials.