bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring self‐reported quality of life in 8‐ to 11‐year‐old children born with gastroschisis: Is the KIDSCREEN questionnaire acceptable?
Authors: Rankin Judith , Glinianaia Svetlana V. , Jardine Jenni , McConachie Helen , Borrill Heather , Embleton Nicholas D. 
Published: March 2016

BackgroundChildren born with gastroschisis have a good prognosis but require surgical correction and long‐term follow up. There has been little research on the impact of gastroschisis on the child's health‐related quality of life (QoL). The aim was to assess face and content validity of the KIDSCREEN‐52 questionnaire as a measurement of self‐ and proxy‐reported QoL in children born with gastroschisis and to evaluate self‐reported QoL in these children compared with the reference population.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional exploratory study, we used the validated KIDSCREEN‐52 questionnaire and individual interview with 8‐ to 11‐year‐old children born with gastroschisis who were identified from the Northern Congenital Abnormality Survey. Self‐reported QoL scores were compared with age‐matched UK norms by using the two‐sample t test.ResultsTen children (median age 9.6 years, interquartile range 8.3–11.0) and their parents participated. Children found KIDSCREEN a helpful tool to explore their feelings and that it covered life aspects important to them. Parents believed that all priority areas were represented and that it was straightforward for their children to complete. In nine KIDSCREEN domains, children with gastroschisis had similar QoL scores to those in the reference population, and in one (psychological well‐being) the mean score was significantly better (p = 0.03). All children described their health as good/very good or excellent; eight said they would not like to change anything about their body.ConclusionThe KIDSCREEN questionnaire has adequate face and content validity as a measure of QoL in children with gastroschisis and is acceptable to both children and parents. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:250–256, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Teenage pregnancy with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and documented ICD discharges
Authors: Ahmed Aziez , Phillips John R. 
Published: March 2016

Key Clinical MessageWe report the first case of pregnancy in a pediatric patient with catecholiminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). Pregnant adolescents with CPVT are at high risk for NSVT and malignant VT during pregnancy, despite antiarrhythmic medication. They may receive multiple implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapies. Such patients require close monitoring with special care during the first trimester.
A Lysosome‐Compatible Near‐Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Targeted Monitoring of Nitric Oxide
Authors: Wang Baogang , Yu Shichong , Chai Xiaoyun , Li Tiejun , Wu Qiuye , Wang Ting 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe requirement for nitric oxide (NO) of lysosomes has motivated the development of a sophisticated fluorescent probe to monitor the distribution of this important biomolecule at the subcellular level in living cells. A near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent Si‐rhodamine (SiRB)‐NO probe was designed based on the NO‐induced ring‐opening process of Si‐rhodamine. The probe exhibits fast chromogenic and fluorogenic responses, and high sensitivity and selectivity toward trace amounts of NO. Significantly, the spirolactam in Si‐rhodamine exhibits very good tolerance to H+, which in turn brings extremely low background fluorescence not only in the physiological environment but also under acidic conditions. The stability of the highly fluorescent product in acidic solution provides persistent fluorescence emission for long‐term imaging experiments. To achieve targeted imaging with improved spatial resolution and sensitivity, an efficient lysosome‐targeting moiety was conjugated to a SiRB‐NO probe, affording a tailored lysosome‐targeting NIR fluorescent Lyso‐SiRB‐NO probe. Inheriting the key advantages of its parent SiRB‐NO probe, Lyso‐SiRB‐NO is a functional probe that is suited for monitoring lysosomal NO with excellent lysosome compatibility. Imaging experiments demonstrated the monitoring of both exogenous and endogenous NO in real time by using the Lyso‐SiRB‐NO probe.
Promoting the Hydrosilylation of Benzaldehyde by Using a Dicationic Antimony‐Based Lewis Acid: Evidence for the Double Electrophilic Activation of the Carbonyl Substrate
Authors: Hirai Masato , Cho Junsang , Gabbaï François P. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe concomitant activation of carbonyl substrates by two Lewis acids has been investigated by using [1,2‐(Ph2MeSb)2C6H4]2+ ([1]2+), an antimony‐based bidentate Lewis acid obtained by methylation of the corresponding distibine. Unlike the simple stibonium cation [Ph3MeSb]+, dication [1]2+ efficiently catalyzes the hydrosilylation of benzaldehyde under mild conditions. The catalytic activity of this dication is correlated to its ability to doubly activate the carbonyl functionality of the organic substrate. This view is supported by the isolation of [1‐μ2‐DMF][OTf]2, an adduct, in which the DMF oxygen atom bridges the two antimony centers.
A study of living wage effects on employees' performance‐related attitudes and behaviour
Authors: Zeng Zhaocheng , Honig Benson 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDespite the surge of interest in living wage research, most studies pay little attention to the effect of living wages on employee attitudes and behaviour. We examine the differences between living wage and minimum wage workers on three attitudinal and behavioural outcomes: affective commitment, organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB), and turnover intention. We also examine the effects of training and benefits on the three outcomes. Results show that living wage workers have higher affective commitment and lower turnover intention. Training and benefits also improve workers' attitudinal and behavioural outcomes variously. Copyright © 2016 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stable Ultrathin‐Shell Double Emulsions for Controlled Release
Authors: Zhao Chun‐Xia , Chen Dong , Hui Yue , Weitz David A. , Middelberg Anton P. J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDouble emulsions are normally considered as metastable systems and this limit in stability restricts their applications. To enhance their stability, the outer shell can be converted into a mechanically strong layer, for example, a polymeric layer, thus allowing improved performance. This conversion can be problematic for food and drug applications, as a toxic solvent is needed to dissolve the polymer in the middle phase and a high temperature is required to remove the solvent. This process can also be highly complex, for example, involving UV initiation of polymeric monomer crosslinking. In this study, we report the formation of biocompatible, water‐in‐oil‐in‐water (W/O/W) double emulsions with an ultrathin layer of fish oil. We demonstrate their application for the encapsulation and controlled release of small hydrophilic molecules. Without a trigger, the double emulsions remained stable for months, and the release of small molecules was extremely slow. In contrast, rapid release was achieved by osmolarity shock, leading to complete release within 2 h. This work demonstrates the significant potential of double emulsions, and provides new insights into their stability and practical applications.
Interaction of Boron Nitride Nanosheets with Model Cell Membranes
Authors: Hilder Tamsyn A , Gaston Nicola 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBoron nitride nanomaterials have attracted attention for biomedical applications, due to their improved biocompatibility when compared with carbon nanomaterials. Recently, graphene and graphene oxide nanosheets have been shown, both experimentally and computationally, to destructively extract phospholipids from Escherichia coli. Boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) have exciting potential biological and environmental applications, for example the ability to remove oil from water. These applications are likely to increase the exposure of prokaryotes and eukaryotes to BNNSs. Yet, despite their promise, the interaction between BNNSs and cell membranes has not yet been investigated. Here, all‐atom molecular dynamics simulations were used to demonstrate that BNNSs are spontaneously attracted to the polar headgroups of the lipid bilayer. The BNNSs do not passively cross the lipid bilayer, most likely due to the large forces experienced by the BNNSs. This study provides insight into the interaction of BNNSs with cell membranes and may aid our understanding of their improved biocompatibility.
Design of Highly Selective Platinum Nanoparticle Catalysts for the Aerobic Oxidation of KA‐Oil using Continuous‐Flow Chemistry
Authors: Gill Arran M. , Hinde Christopher S. , Leary Rowan K. , Potter Matthew E. , Jouve Andrea , Wells Peter P. , Midgley Paul A. , Thomas John M. , Raja Robert 
Published: March 2016

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the group of Dr. Robert Raja at the University of Southampton, UK. The image shows the origin of spatially isolated and well‐defined platinum nanoparticles, within a microporous framework architecture, for the selective aerobic oxidation of KA‐oil to cyclohexanone, which is an important precursor in the manufacture of nylon‐6. The Communication itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.201501264.
Efficient detection of missing tags for passive RFID systems
Authors: Sanchez Leonardo , Ramos Victor , Ledesma Oscar 
Published: March 2016

SummaryOne of the most interesting radio‐frequency identification applications is the detection of missing tags along with the objects they are attached to. This process must be executed in a fast and efficient way. A monitoring function may need to be periodically executed in order to implement a reliable detection system, therefore raising the need to optimize its performance, in terms of both time and reliability. The contribution of this paper is twofold; on one hand, we provide a protocol taxonomy for the missing‐tag detection problem, which up to our best knowledge is the first of its class, and on the other hand, we propose two novel protocols for a fast detection of the missing tags in a passive radio‐frequency identification system. By increasing the length of the packets exchanged among the reader and the tags, our protocols are able to reduce the time needed to detect the missing tags, by decreasing the number of broadcast messages in the network. Our results show that our proposals outperform the most recent protocols in the literature, obtaining improvements on the execution time going from 25% to 75%. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design of an harmonic radar for the tracking of the Asian yellow‐legged hornet
Authors: Milanesio Daniele , Saccani Maurice , Maggiora Riccardo , Laurino Daniela , Porporato Marco 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe yellow‐legged Asian hornet is an invasive species of wasps, indigenous to the Southeast Asia but recently spreading in Southern Europe. Because of its exponential diffusion and its serious threat to the local honeybee colonies (and to humans as well), restraint measures are currently under investigation. We developed and tested an harmonic radar capable of tracking the flying trajectory of these insects, once equipped with a small transponder, in their natural environment. Several hornets were captured close to a small cluster of honeybee hives, tagged with different transponders and then released in order to follow the flight toward their nest. On‐field testing proved an initial maximum detection range of about 125 m in a hilly and woody area. A number of detections were clearly recorded, and preferential directions of flight were identified. The system herein described is intended as a first low‐cost harmonic radar; it proved the capability to track the hornets while flying and it permitted to test the tagging techniques. Several upgrades of the system have been identified during this work and are extensively described in the last chapter. The designed system has three major advantages over conventional harmonic radars. First and most importantly, it adopts advanced processing techniques to suppress clutter and to improve target detection. Second, it allows radar operations in complex environments, generally hilly and rich in vegetation. Finally, it can continuously track tagged insects (24/7) and in any meteorological condition, providing an effective tool in order to locate the nests of the yellow‐legged Asian hornet.
Isolation and Structures of 1,2,3‐Triazole‐Derived Mesoionic Biscarb­enes with Bulky Aromatic Groups
Authors: Iwasaki Haruka , Yamada Yuji , Ishikawa Ryuta , Koga Yuji , Matsubara Kouki 
Published: March 2016

Abstract1,2,3‐Triazole‐derived mesoionic biscarbenes bridged by a pyridylene group were synthesized and their structures were determined. Bulky substituents on the carbene rings stabilized the carbenes, which enabled their crystal structures to be determined. As implied by DFT calculations and the experimental results, the carbenes are partly reduced to anionic radical species in the presence of strong bases. This suggests that the pyridylene and triazolylidene moieties endow molecules with both electron‐acceptor and ‐donor properties. A rare example of an iron complex with a pincer carbene was synthesized.
A Formal Intermolecular Iodolactonization Reaction Based on a Radical‐Ionic Sequence
Authors: León‐Rayo David F. , Morales‐Chamorro Maricela , Cordero‐Vargas Alejandro 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe report herein a method based on a radical‐ionic sequence between an allylic alcohol and an α‐iodo acid in the presence of substoichiometric amounts of lauroyl peroxide (DLP) to produce an atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) adduct, which subseqently underwent an acid‐mediated lactonization. This approach can be described as a free radical reaction followed by an intermolecular iodolactonization. Twenty‐two experiments were carried out to evaluate the scope of the reaction, which afforded a wide variety of iodo lactones with diverse functionalities. The utility of this approach was demonstrated in the synthesis of the natural product (–)‐de‐O‐methylcentrolobine.
Influence of time‐varying frequency content in earthquake ground motions on seismic response of linear elastic systems
Authors: Li Yong , Conte Joel P. , Barbato Michele 
Published: March 2016

SummaryEarthquake ground motion records are nonstationary in both amplitude and frequency content. However, the latter nonstationarity is typically neglected mainly for the sake of mathematical simplicity. To study the stochastic effects of the time‐varying frequency content of earthquake ground motions on the seismic response of structural systems, a pair of closely related stochastic ground motion models is adopted here. The first model (referred to as ground motion model I) corresponds to a fully nonstationary stochastic earthquake ground motion model previously developed by the authors. The second model (referred to as ground motion model II) is nonstationary in amplitude only and is derived from the first model. Ground motion models I and II have the same mean‐square function and global frequency content but different features of time variation in the frequency content, in that no time variation of the frequency content exists in ground motion model II. New explicit closed‐form solutions are derived for the response of linear elastic SDOF and MDOF systems subjected to stochastic ground motion model II. New analytical solutions for the evolutionary cross‐correlation and cross‐PSD functions between the ground motion input and the structural response are also derived for linear systems subjected to ground motion model I. Comparative analytical results are presented to quantify the effects of the time‐varying frequency content of earthquake ground motions on the structural response of linear elastic systems. It is found that the time‐varying frequency content in the seismic input can have significant effects on the stochastic properties of system response. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synergistic stress exacerbation in hippocampal neurons: Evidence favoring the dual‐hit hypothesis of neurodegeneration
Authors: Heinemann Scott D. , Posimo Jessica M. , Mason Daniel M. , Hutchison Daniel F. , Leak Rehana K. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTThe dual‐hit hypothesis of neurodegeneration states that severe stress sensitizes vulnerable cells to subsequent challenges so that the two hits are synergistic in their toxic effects. Although the hippocampus is vulnerable to a number of neurodegenerative disorders, there are no models of synergistic cell death in hippocampal neurons in response to combined proteotoxic and oxidative stressors, the two major characteristics of these diseases. Therefore, a relatively high‐throughput dual‐hit model of stress synergy was developed in primary hippocampal neurons. In order to increase the rigor of the study and strengthen the interpretations, three independent, unbiased viability assays were employed at multiple timepoints. Stress synergy was elicited when hippocampal neurons were treated with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 followed by exposure to the oxidative toxicant paraquat, but only after 48 h. MG132 and paraquat only elicited additive effects 24 h after the final hit and even loss of heat shock protein 70 activity and glutathione did not promote stress synergy at this early timepoint. Dual hits of MG132 elicited modest glutathione loss and slightly synergistic toxic effects 48 h after the second hit, but only at some concentrations and only according to two viability assays (metabolic fitness and cytoskeletal integrity). The thiol N‐acetyl cysteine protected hippocampal neurons against dual MG132/MG132 hits but not dual MG132/paraquat hits. These findings support the view that proteotoxic and oxidative stress propel and propagate each other in hippocampal neurons, leading to synergistically toxic effects, but not as the default response and only after a delay. The neuronal stress synergy observed here lies in contrast to astrocytic responses to dual hits, because astrocytes that survive severe proteotoxic stress resist additional cell loss following second hits. In conclusion, a new model of hippocampal vulnerability was developed for the testing of therapies, because neuroprotective treatments that are effective against severe, synergistic stress are more likely to succeed in the clinic. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The role of halophyte Juncus acutus L. in the remediation of mixed contamination in a hydroponic greenhouse experiment
Authors: Christofilopoulos Stavros , Syranidou Evdokia , Gkavrou Georgia , Manousaki Eleni , Kalogerakis Nicolas 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDEmerging organic contaminants include a large group of compounds that are frequently detected in wastewater along with heavy metals, due to incomplete removal or limitations in conventional and advanced treatment processes. In this work, the efficiency of Juncus acutus L. on the removal of mixed contamination; ciprofloxacin (CIP), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), bisphenol A (BPA) and heavy metals (chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn)), was investigated in a hydroponic experiment in order to evaluate its potential for use in the alternative remediation technology of constructed wetland (CW) systems. Concentrations of the compounds ranged from µg L−1 to well beyond environmentally relevant values (50 mg L−1 for the organics and more than 1000 mg L−1 in the case of Zn and Cr).RESULTSAntibiotics (CIP and SMX), BPA and heavy metals were efficiently removed after 28 days, without J. acutus exhibiting perceptible phytotoxicity symptoms, in concentrations even higher than those that are generally detected in industrial or hospital wastewater. Extremely high concentrations of heavy metals induced severe physiological damage to the plants.CONCLUSIONThe remarkable efficiency of the halophyte J. acutus was revealed, regarding all the contaminants tested at environmentally relevant concentrations. In higher concentrations of antibiotics and mixtures of organic and inorganic contaminants, the contribution of the plant was also demonstrated. Findings from this work suggest that J. acutus plants are an ideal candidate for phytoremediation applications in CW systems, targeting urban, industrial or pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Muscle strength is associated with vitamin D receptor gene variants
Authors: Bozsodi Arpad , Boja Sara , Szilagyi Agnes , Somhegyi Annamaria , Varga Peter Pal , Lazary Aron 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTVitamin D receptor (VDR) is an important candidate gene in muscle function. Scientific reports on the effect of its genetic variants on muscle strength are contradictory likely due to the inconsistent study designs. Hand grip strength (HGS) is a highly heritable phenotype of muscle strength but only limited studies are available on its genetic background. Association between VDR polymorphisms and HGS has been poorly investigated and previous reports are conflicting. We studied the effect of VDR gene variants on HGS in a sample of 706 schoolchildren. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva samples and six candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the VDR gene were genotyped with Sequenom MassARRAY technique. HGS was measured with a digital dynamometer in both hands. Single marker and haplotype associations were adjusted for demographic parameters. Three SNPs, rs4516035 (A1012G; p = 0.009), rs1544410 (BsmI; p = 0.010), and rs731236 (TaqI; p = 0.038) and a 3′ UTR haploblock constructed by three SNPs (Bsml‐Taq1‐rs10783215; p < 0.005) showed significantly associations with HGS of the dominant hand. In the non‐dominant hand, the effects of the A1012G (p = 0.034) and the 3′ UTR haploblock (p < 0.01) on HGS were also significant. Since the promoter SNP (A10112G) and the 3′ UTR haplotype were proved to be associated with the expression and the stability of the VDR mRNA in earlier studies, VDR variants can be supposed to have a direct effect on muscle strength. The individual genetic patterns can also explain the inconsistency of the previously published clinical results on the association between vitamin D and muscle function. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:2031–2037, 2016.
Nitrogen and oxygen isotopic fractionation during microbial nitrite reduction
Authors: Martin Taylor S. , Casciotti Karen L. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractMicrobial nitrite reduction plays an important role in the nitrogen cycle, producing the first gaseous product in the denitrification pathway. The role of nitrite reduction in the environment can be assessed using stable isotope measurements of nitrite. Here, we present estimates for nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) isotope fractionation during nitrite reduction catalyzed by copper‐containing nitrite reductase (Cu‐NIR) and cytochrome cd1‐containing nitrite reductase (Fe‐NIR). A Rayleigh fractionation model was used to calculate the N and O isotope effects, 15ε and 18ε respectively, from time‐course measurements of nitrite concentration and isotopic composition in batch culture experiments. For three strains of denitrifier carrying the Cu‐NIR, 15ε = 22 ± 2‰ and 18ε = 2 ± 2‰ (95% confidence interval). For three strains of denitrifier carrying the Fe‐NIR, 15ε = 8 ± 2 and 18ε = 6 ± 2‰ (95% confidence interval). These isotope effects for nitrite reduction are significantly different from each other. Furthermore, 15ε and 18ε do not show a 1 : 1 relationship, as has been assumed. The difference between the isotope effects for these two families of enzymes is likely due to a mechanical difference in how the enzymes bind nitrite. The Cu‐NIR binds to both O atoms and the Fe‐NIR only binds to the N, allowing either NO bond to be cleaved and imparting a larger isotope effect for O than for the Cu‐NIR. Utilizing these new N isotope effects for nitrite reduction in oxygen minimum zone N cycle models results in higher rates of nitrite oxidation than previously modeled.