bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hospital Inpatient Admissions With Dehydration and/or Malnutrition in Medicare Beneficiaries Receiving Enteral Nutrition: A Cohort Study
Authors: Drake Rachel , Ozols Audrey , Nadeau William J. , Braid‐Forbes Mary Jo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackground: Enteral nutrition (EN) supports many older and disabled Americans. This study describes the frequency and cost of acute care hospitalization with dehydration and/or malnutrition of Medicare beneficiaries receiving EN, focusing on those receiving home EN. Methods: Medicare 5% Standard Analytic Files were used to determine Medicare spending for EN supplies and the proportion and cost of beneficiaries receiving EN, specifically home EN, admitted to the hospital with dehydration and/or malnutrition. Results: In 2013, Medicare paid $370,549,760 to provide EN supplies for 125,440 beneficiaries, 55% of whom were also eligible for Medicaid. Acute care hospitalization with dehydration and/or malnutrition occurred in 43,180 beneficiaries receiving EN. The most common principal diagnoses were septicemia (21%), aspiration pneumonitis (9%), and pneumonia (5%). In beneficiaries receiving EN at home, >one‐third (37%) were admitted with dehydration and/or malnutrition during a mean observation interval of 231 ± 187 days. Admitted patients were usually hospitalized more than once with dehydration and/or malnutrition (1.73 ± 1.30 admissions) costing $23,579 ± 24,966 per admitted patient, totaling >$129,685,622 during a mean observation interval of 276 ± 187 days. Mortality in the year following enterostomy tube placement was significantly higher for admitted compared with nonadmitted patients (40% vs 33%; P = .05). Conclusion: Acute care hospitalizations with dehydration and/or malnutrition in Medicare beneficiaries receiving EN were common and expensive. Additional strategies to reduce these, with particular focus on vulnerable populations such as Medicaid‐eligible patients, are needed.
Direct comparison of tricyclic and serotonin-reuptake inhibitor antidepressants in randomized head-to-head trials in acute major depression: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Undurraga Juan , Baldessarini Ross J 
Published: June 2017

Background: A comparison across trials conducted over several decades suggested superior efficacy of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) over selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). However, this outcome may reflect a selective secular decline of responses after randomization to placebo. Remaining uncertainty encouraged direct comparison of the drug-types in trials involving randomized, head-to-head comparisons. Methods: We systematically identified reports of randomized trials of TCAs versus SSRIs for major depression in several digital databases, and applied standard meta-analytic and multiple-factor regression methods to analyze and pool the findings. Results: In 89 head-to-head trials, there was no detectable overall difference in responder rates or percent-improvement between TCAs and SSRIs. In addition to non-difference between drug-types, outcomes were unrelated to reporting-year, trial-size or nominal duration, proportion of women participants, initial depression ratings, rating scales, subjects/arm, imipramine-equivalent mg/day drug dose, or dropout rate. Trial size and duration increased significantly over the years 1980–2016. Conclusions: Previous evidence suggesting superior benefits of TCAs over SSRIs for the treatment of acute major depression is probably an artifact of a selective secular decline in responses to placebo, as no difference was found in a large series of direct comparisons of these antidepressant-types.
CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling-mediated ERK1/2 activation in spinal cord contributes to the pathogenesis of postsurgical pain in rats
Authors: Xing Fei , Kong Cunlong , Bai Liying , Qian Junliang , Yuan Jingjing , Li Zhisong , Zhang Wei , Xu Ji-Tian 
Published: June 2017

Background It has been demonstrated that upregulation of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in spinal cord involves in the pathogenesis of neuropathic, inflammatory, and cancer pain. However, whether CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling contributes to postsurgical pain remains unknown. The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling in the genesis of postsurgical pain and the underlying mechanism. Results Plantar incision in rat hind paw resulted in increased expressions of CXCL12 and CXCR4 in spinal dorsal horn. Double immunofluorescence staining revealed that CXCL12 expressed in neurons and astrocytes, and CXCR4 exclusively co-localized with neuronal cells. Prior administration of AMD3100, a specific antagonist of CXCR4, or CXCL12 neutralizing antibody, intrathecally attenuated plantar incision-induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Plantar incision also augmented the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in spinal cord. Pre intrathecal (i.t.) injection of PDTC, a specific NF-κB activation inhibitor, alleviated plantar incision-induced postsurgical pain and reduced the expression of CXCL12 in spinal cord. Correlated with the upregulation of CXCL12 and CXCR4, plantar incision also resulted in an increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and Akt in spinal cord. Prior i.t. administration of AMD3100 prevented extracellular signal-regulated kinase, but not Akt, activation in spinal cord. Rats when given a repetitive i.t. PD98059, a specific extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor, started 30 min before surgery also ameliorate plantar incision-induced mechanical and thermal pain hypersensitivity. Conclusion Our results suggests that plantar incision-induced activation of NF-κB signaling may mediate upregulation of CXCL12 in spinal cord, and CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling via extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation contributes to the genesis of postsurgical pain.
Extensive Assessment of Blood Glucose Monitoring During Postprandial Period and Its Impact on Closed-Loop Performance
Authors: Biagi Lyvia , Hirata Bertachi Arthur , Conget Ignacio , Quirós Carmen , Giménez Marga , Ampudia-Blasco F. Javier , Rossetti Paolo , Bondia Jorge , Vehí Josep 
Published: June 2017

Background: Closed-loop (CL) systems aims to outperform usual treatments in blood glucose control and continuous glucose monitors (CGM) are a key component in such systems. Meals represents one of the main disturbances in blood glucose control, and postprandial period (PP) is a challenging situation for both CL system and CGM accuracy. Methods: We performed an extensive analysis of sensor’s performance by numerical accuracy and precision during PP, as well as its influence in blood glucose control under CL therapy. Results: During PP the mean absolute relative difference (MARD) for both sensors presented lower accuracy in the hypoglycemic range (19.4 ± 12.8%) than in other ranges (12.2 ± 8.6% in euglycemic range and 9.3 ± 9.3% in hyperglycemic range). The overall MARD was 12.1 ± 8.2%. We have also observed lower MARD for rates of change between 0 and 2 mg/dl. In CL therapy, the 10 trials with the best sensor spent less time in hypoglycemia (PG < 70 mg/dl) than the 10 trials with the worst sensors (2 ± 7 minutes vs 32 ± 38 minutes, respectively). Conclusions: In terms of accuracy, our results resemble to previously reported. Furthermore, our results showed that sensors with the lowest MARD spent less time in hypoglycemic range, indicating that the performance of CL algorithm to control PP was related to sensor accuracy.
Optimization of direct anti‐viral agent treatment schedule: Focus on HCV genotype 3
Authors: Morisco Filomena , Granata Rocco , Camera Silvia , Ippolito Antonio , Milella Michele , Conti Fabio , Masetti Chiara , Smedile Antonella , Tundo Paolo , Santantonio Teresa , Valvano Maria Rosa , Termite Antonio , Gatti Pietro , Messina Vincenzo , Iacobellis Angelo , Librandi Marta , Caporaso Nicola , Andriulli Angelo ,   for the ITAL‐C consortium
Published: June 2017

Background and aimDirect antiviral agents (DAAs) have led to high sustained virological responses (SVR) in hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients. However, genotype 3 patients respond to treatment in a suboptimal way. This study aims to identify which of the several treatment schedules recommended for genotype 3 would constitute the best option.MethodsTwenty‐four Italian centers were involved in this real‐life study of HCV genotype 3 patients treated with DAAs. To expand the number of cases, we conducted a systematic review of the literature on the outcome of genotype 3 patients treated with DAAs.ResultsA total of 233 patients with HCV genotype 3 were enrolled. Cirrhotic patients accounted for 83.7%. Overall, the SVR12 rate was achieved by 205 patients (88.0%); the SVR rates were 78.8% after sofosbuvir/ribavirin, 92.5% after sofosbuvir/daclatasvir ± ribavirin, and 100% after sofosbuvir/ledipasvir (seven patients). No difference in rate of SVR was observed in cirrhotic and non‐cirrhotic patients (92.2 vs 94.4) using a combination regimen of NS5A and NS5B inhibitors.The systematic review of the literature provided data of 3311 patients: The mean weighted SVR12 rate was 84.4% (CI: 80.4–87.8); the rates varied from 79.0% (CI: 70.9–85.3) with sofosbuvir/ribavirin, to 83.7% (CI: 66.2–93.1) with sofosbuvir/ledispavir, and to 88.2% (CI: 83.3–91.7) with sofosbuvir/daclatasvir.ConclusionsOur results reinforce the concept that patients with HCV genotype 3 should no longer be considered difficult‐to‐treat individuals. The optimal therapeutic regimen for these patients appears to be the combination sofosbuvir/daclatasvir, administered for 12 weeks without the use of RBV in non‐cirrhotic patients. In cirrhotics the meta‐analytic approach suggests extending therapy to 24 weeks.
Early Graft Tunnel Healing After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Intratunnel Injection of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
Authors: Setiawati Rosy , Utomo Dwikora Novembri , Rantam Fedik Abdul , Ifran Nadia Nastassia , Budhiparama Nicolaas C. 
Published: June 2017

Background: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are multipotent adult stem cells and have become an important source of cells for engineering tissue repair and cell therapy. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promotes angiogenesis and contributes fibrous integration between tendon and bone during the early postoperative stage. Both MSCs and VEGF can stimulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and matrix deposition by enhancing angiogenesis and osteogenesis of the graft in the tunnel. Hypothesis: Injection of intratunnel BM-MSCs and VEGF enhances the early healing process of a tendon graft. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: In this controlled animal laboratory study, each of 4 groups of rabbits underwent unilateral anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with use of the ipsilateral semitendinosus tendon. The rabbits received intratunnel injection of BM-MSCs and VEGF with a fibrin glue seal covering the distal tunnel at the articular site. Evaluation using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), collagen type III expression, and biomechanical analyses were performed at 3- and 6-week intervals. Results: All parameters using MRI, collagen type III expression, and biomechanical analysis of pullout strength of the graft showed that application of intratunnel BM-MSCs and VEGF enhanced tendon-to-bone healing after ACL reconstruction. Conclusion: Intratunnel injections of BM-MSCs and VEGF after ACL reconstruction enhanced graft tunnel healing. Overall, the femoral tunnel that received BM-MSCs and VEGF had better advanced healing with increased collagen type III fibers and better outcomes on MRI and biomechanical analysis. MRI is the most reliable tool for clinical use in evaluating stages of ACL healing after reconstruction, since biopsy is an invasive procedure.
Return to Play and Player Performance After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Elite Australian Rules Football Players
Authors: Liptak Matthew G. , Angel Kevin R. 
Published: June 2017

Background: Australian Rules football is a highly aerobic and anaerobic game that at times requires players to perform cutting or pivoting maneuvers, potentially exposing them to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. At present, there are limited data available addressing the impact of ACL injury on return to play and preinjury form after ACL reconstruction. Purpose: To determine the prevalence of ACL injury and the incidence of further ACL injury, and to consider player return to play and return to preinjury form after ACL reconstruction. It was hypothesized that elite-level Australian Football League (AFL) players do not return to preinjury form until, at minimum, 2 years after returning to play. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A retrospective analysis was undertaken on a cohort of elite AFL players who injured their ACL between 1990 and 2000. Return to play after ACL reconstruction was determined by the mean number of ball disposals, or release of the ball by the hand or foot, at 1, 2, and 3 years after return to play and compared with preinjury form. Associations between player and injury characteristics, method of reconstruction, and outcomes (return to play, preinjury form, and further ACL injury) were examined. Results: During the included seasons, a total of 2723 AFL players were listed. Of these, 131 (4.8%) sustained an ACL injury, with 115 players eligible for inclusion. Of 115 players, 26% did not return to elite competition, while 28% of those who did return experienced further ACL injury. The adjusted mean number of disposals (± standard error of the mean) was significantly lower at 1 year (12.21 ± 0.63; P = .003), 2 years (12.09 ± 0.65; P = .008), and 3 years (11.78 ± 0.77; P = .01) after return to play compared with preinjury (14.23 ± 0.67). On average, players did not return to preinjury form by 3 years ( P < .01). Players aged 30 years or older were less likely to return to play compared with younger players ( P = .0002), moderate-weight players were more likely to return to play compared with lighter-weight players ( P = .007), and there were significantly increased odds of not returning to play if the dominant side was injured (odds ratio, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.03-0.34; P = .0002). Conclusion: On average, AFL players do not return to their preinjury form after ACL injury and reconstruction, a common injury in this sporting population. This along with the high occurrence of reinjury highlights the career-threatening nature of ACL injury for elite AFL players.
Thrombocytopenia in pregnancy
Authors: Cines Douglas B. , Levine Lisa D. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Thrombocytopenia develops in 5% to 10% of women during pregnancy or in the immediate postpartum period. A low platelet count is often an incidental feature, but it might also provide a biomarker of a coexisting systemic or gestational disorder and a potential reason for a maternal intervention or treatment that might pose harm to the fetus. This chapter reflects our approach to these issues with an emphasis on advances made over the past 5 to 10 years in understanding and managing the more common causes of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy. Recent trends in the management of immune thrombocytopenia translate into more women contemplating pregnancy while on treatment with thrombopoietin receptor agonists, rituximab, or mycophenylate, which pose known or unknown risks to the fetus. New criteria to diagnose preeclampsia, judicious reliance on measurement of ADAMTS13 to make management decisions in suspected thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, new evidence supporting the efficacy and safety of anticomplement therapy for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome during pregnancy, and implications of thrombotic microangiopathies for subsequent pregnancies are evolving rapidly. The goals of the chapter are to help the hematology consultant work through the differential diagnosis of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy based on trimester of presentation, severity of thrombocytopenia, and coincident clinical and laboratory manifestations, and to provide guidance for dealing with some of the more common and difficult diagnostic and management decisions.
The emergence of mesencephalic trigeminal neurons
Authors: Lipovsek Marcela , Ledderose Julia , Butts Thomas , Lafont Tanguy , Kiecker Clemens , Wizenmann Andrea , Graham Anthony 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Background
The cells of the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (MTN) are the proprioceptive sensory neurons that innervate the jaw closing muscles. These cells differentiate close to the two key signalling centres that influence the dorsal midbrain, the isthmus, which mediates its effects via FGF and WNT signalling and the roof plate, which is a major source of BMP signalling as well as WNT signalling.

Methods
In this study, we have set out to analyse the importance of FGF, WNT and BMP signalling for the development of the MTN. We have employed pharmacological inhibitors of these pathways in explant cultures as well as utilising the electroporation of inhibitory constructs in vivo in the chick embryo.

Results
We find that interfering with either FGF or WNT signalling has pronounced effects on MTN development whilst abrogation of BMP signalling has no effect. We show that treatment of explants with either FGF or WNT antagonists results in the generation of fewer MTN neurons and affects MTN axon extension and that inhibition of both these pathways has an additive effect. To complement these studies, we have used in vivo electroporation to inhibit BMP, FGF and WNT signalling within dorsal midbrain cells prior to, and during, their differentiation as MTN neurons. Again, we find that inhibition of BMP signalling has no effect on the development of MTN neurons. We additionally find that cells electroporated with inhibitory constructs for either FGF or WNT signalling can differentiate as MTN neurons suggesting that these pathways are not required cell intrinsically for the emergence of these neurons. Indeed, we also show that explants of dorsal mesencephalon lacking both the isthmus and roof plate can generate MTN neurons. However, we did find that inhibiting FGF or WNT signalling had consequences for MTN differentiation.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that the emergence of MTN neurons is an intrinsic property of the dorsal mesencephalon of gnathostomes, and that this population undergoes expansion, and maturation, along with the rest of the dorsal midbrain under the influence of FGF and WNT signalling.
Arkas: Rapid reproducible RNAseq analysis
Authors: Colombo Anthony R. , J. Triche Jr Timothy , Ramsingh Giridharan 
Published: June 2017

The recently introduced Kallisto pseudoaligner has radically simplified the quantification of transcripts in RNA-sequencing experiments. We offer cloud-scale RNAseq pipelines Arkas-Quantification, and Arkas-Analysis available within Illumina’s BaseSpace cloud application platform which expedites Kallisto preparatory routines, reliably calculates differential expression, and performs gene-set enrichment of REACTOME pathways. Due to inherit inefficiencies of scale, Illumina's BaseSpace computing platform offers a massively parallel distributive environment improving data management services and data importing. Arkas-Quantification deploys Kallisto for parallel cloud computations and is conveniently integrated downstream from the BaseSpace Sequence Read Archive (SRA) import/conversion application titled SRA Import. Arkas-Analysis annotates the Kallisto results by extracting structured information directly from source FASTA files with per-contig metadata, calculates the differential expression and gene-set enrichment analysis on both coding genes and transcripts. The Arkas cloud pipeline supports ENSEMBL transcriptomes and can be used downstream from the SRA Import facilitating raw sequencing importing, SRA FASTQ conversion, RNA quantification and analysis steps.
Massive open online courses in health sciences from Latin American institutions: A need for improvement?
Authors: Culquichicón Carlos , Helguero-Santin Luis M. , Labán-Seminario L. Max , Cardona-Ospina Jaime A. , Aboshady Omar A. , Correa Ricardo 
Published: June 2017

Background: Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have undergone exponential growth over the past few years, offering free and worldwide access to high-quality education. We identified the characteristics of MOOCs in the health sciences offered by Latin American institutions (LAIs). Methods: We screened the eight leading MOOCs platforms to gather their list of offerings. The MOOCs were classified by region and subject. Then, we obtained the following information: Scopus H-index for each institution and course instructor, QS World University Ranking® 2015/16 of LAI, and official language of the course. Results: Our search identified 4170 MOOCs worldwide. From them, 205 MOOCs were offered by LAIs, and six MOOCs were health sciences related. Most of these courses (n = 115) were offered through Coursera. One health science MOOC was taught by three instructors, of which only one was registered in Scopus (H-index = 0). The remaining five health science MOOCs had solely one instructor (H-index = 4 [0–17]). The Latin American country with the highest participation was Brazil (n = 11). Conclusion: The contribution of LAI to MOOCs in the health sciences is low.
Stem cell therapy for enhancement of bone consolidation in distraction osteogenesis
Authors: Yang Y. , Lin S. , Wang B. , Gu W. , Li G. 
Published: June 2017

Objectives Distraction osteogenesis (DO) mobilises bone regenerative potential and avoids the complications of other treatments such as bone graft. The major disadvantage of DO is the length of time required for bone consolidation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used to promote bone formation with some good results. Methods We hereby review the published literature on the use of MSCs in promoting bone consolidation during DO. Results Studies differed in animal type (mice, rabbit, dog, sheep), bone type (femur, tibia, skull), DO protocols and cell transplantation methods. Conclusion The majority of studies reported that the transplantation of MSCs enhanced bone consolidation or formation in DO. Many questions relating to animal model, DO protocol and cell transplantation regime remain to be further investigated. Clinical trials are needed to test and confirm these findings from animal studies. Cite this article: Y. Yang, S. Lin, B. Wang, W. Gu, G. Li. Stem cell therapy for enhancement of bone consolidation in distraction osteogenesis: A contemporary review of experimental studies. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:385–390. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.66.BJR-2017-0023.
Hubungan Masalah Perilaku pada Remaja dengan Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Kesuma Yudianita 
Published: June 2017

Latar belakang. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) merupakan nyeri perut berulang pada remaja yang paling banyak terjadi. Pada remaja, IBS akan menimbulkan gangguan perilaku yang serius.Tujuan. Menganalisis hubungan antara masalah perilaku dengan IBS pada remaja.Metode. Penelitian potong lintang semua siswa SMA Nurul Iman. Pencatatan dilakukan meliputi karakteristik umum dan pemeriksaan fisis. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji Rome III (irritable bowel syndrome) dan PSC-17 (masalah perilaku). Analisis statistik digunakan analisis bivariat dengan uji chi-square.Hasil. Dari semua siswa SMA Nurul Iman didapatkan 180 subyek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan tidak memenuhi kriteria eksklusi. Prevalensi IBS 58 (32,2%) subyek, terdiri atas 22 subtipe konstipasi, 23 subtipe diare, dan 13 subtipe campuran. Prevalensi masalah perilaku 40,6%, terdiri atas 28,9% masalah perilaku internalisasi, 2,8% masalah eksternalisasi, 0,6% masalah perilaku perhatian, dan 8,4% variasi dari 3 gangguan. Faktor risiko terjadinya IBS, antara lain, mengonsumsi daging olahan, teh, makan terburu-buru, serta di-bully. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara IBS dengan masalah perilaku (p=0,001). Nilai Odds Ratio yang diberikan 3,015 (IK95%=1,580-5,754).Kesimpulan. Remaja yang mengalami IBS mempunyai risiko yang meningkat untuk terjadinya masalah perilaku.