bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery in Single-incision Laparoscopic Distal Gastrectomy
Authors: Zhou Junfeng , He Qingliang , Wang Jiaxing , Liu Qicai , Wang Mi 
Published: October 2017

Background:
Recently, enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) was widely used in the perioperative management of gastric cancer. The study aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ERAS in single-incision laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (SIDG).

Materials and Methods:
A total of 90 patients who received laparoscopic gastric cancer resection were divided into 3 groups: group A (n=30), underwent traditional multiport laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with conventional perioperative management; group B (n=30) underwent traditional multiport laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with ERAS concept; and group C (n=30), underwent SIDG with ERAS concept. Clinical data and gut function were assessed in 3 groups.

Results:
There were no significant differences in terms of postoperative complication, number of resected lymph nodes and blood loss among 3 groups. However, operation time was longer (P=0.003) and treatment cost was higher (P<0.001) in group C than that in group A and B. Group C had faster recovery of bowel function (P<0.001), shorter postoperative hospital stay (P=0.002), and less postoperative complication (P=0.044) than those in group A. There were no significant differences in terms of recovery of bowel function and postoperative hospital stay between group C and B (all P>0.05). The white blood cell counts were lower than group A and B (all P<0.05) and C-reactive protein in group C were lower than group A (P<0.05) and B (P>0.05).

Conclusions:
The findings suggest that SIDG with ERAS may be a feasible and safe procedure for early gastric cancer because it provides a favorable cosmetic result while not compromising postoperative complications, number of resected lymph nodes, and blood loss.
The promise of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Antebi Ben , Mohammadipoor Arezoo , Batchinsky Andriy I. , Cancio Leopoldo C. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
This review describes the current state of the science on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) treatment for acute lung injury (ALI). The general characteristics, regenerative potential, and mechanism of action of MSCs are first presented. Next, particular emphasis is placed on the application of MSCs for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in preclinical and clinical studies. Finally, we discuss current challenges and future directions in the field presented from a clinician-researcher perspective. The objective of this work is to provide the readership with a current review of the literature discussing the hurdles and overall promise of MSCs as therapeutic interventions for the treatment of ARDS.
Repurposed kinase inhibitors and β-lactams as a novel therapy for antibiotic resistant bacteria
Authors: Wlodarchak Nathan , Teachout Nathan , Procknow Rebecca , Beczkiewicz Jeff , Schaenzer Adam , Satyshur Kenneth , Pavelka Martin , Zuercher Bill , Drewry Dave , Sauer John-Demian , Striker Rob 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAntibiotic resistant bacteria are an increasing global problem, and pathogenic actinomycetes and firmicutes are particularly challenging obstacles. These pathogens share several eukaryotic-like kinases that present antibiotic development opportunities. We used computational modelling to identify human kinase inhibitors that could be repurposed towards bacteria as part of a novel combination therapy. The computational model suggested a family of inhibitors, the imidazopyridine aminofurazans (IPAs), bind PknB with high affinity. We found that these inhibitors biochemically inhibit PknB, with potency roughly following the predicted models. A novel x-ray structure confirmed that the inhibitors bind as predicted and made favorable protein contacts with the target. These inhibitors also have antimicrobial activity towards Mycobacteria and Nocardia, and normally ineffective β-lactams can potentiate IPAs to more efficiently inhibit growth of these pathogens. Collectively, our data show thatin silicomodeling can be used as a tool to discover promising drug leads, and the inhibitors we discovered can synergize with clinically relevant antibiotics to restore their efficacy against bacteria with limited treatment options.
Energy Exchanges at Contact Events Guide Sensorimotor Integration Across Intermodal Delays
Authors: Farshchiansadegh Ali , Sciutti Alessandra , Pressman Assaf , Nisky Ilana , Mussa-Ivaldi Ferdinando A. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTOne must know the mass of an object to accurately predict how it moves under the effect of an applied force. Similarly, the brain must represent the arm’s inertia to predict the arm’s movements elicited by commands impressed upon the muscles. Here, we present evidence suggesting that the integration of sensory information leading to the representation of the arm’s inertia does not take place continuously in time but only at discrete transient events, in which kinetic energy is exchanged between the arm and the environment. We used a visuomotor delay to induce crossmodal variations in state feedback and uncovered that the difference between visual and proprioceptive velocity estimations at isolated collision events was compensated by a change in the representation of arm inertia. The compensation maintained an invariant estimate across modalities of the expected energy exchange with the environment. This invariance captures different types of dysmetria observed across individuals following prolonged exposure to a fixed intermodal temporal perturbation and provides a new interpretation for cerebellar ataxia.
GlutathioneS-transferases: unexpected roles in astrocyte activation and astrocyte-microglia communication during brain inflammation
Authors: Kano Shin-ichi , Choi Eric Y. , Dohi Eisuke , Rose Indigo V. L. , Chang Daniel J. , Wilson Ashley M. , Lo Brian D. , Imai Takashi , Sawa Akira 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAstrocytes and microglia play critical roles in brain inflammation, but their mutual regulation is not fully understood. Here we report unexpected roles for glutathioneS-transferases (GSTs), particularly GSTM1, in astrocyte activation and astrocyte-mediated enhancement of microglia activation during brain inflammation. We found that astrocyte-specific silencing of GSTM1 expression in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) attenuated microglia activation in brain inflammation induced by systemic injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS).Gstm1silencing in astrocytes also attenuated LPS-induced TNF-α production by microglia in co-culture. In astrocytes, GSTM1 was required for the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and the production of pro-inflammatory mediators previously implicated in microglia activation, such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF/CSF2) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2). Similar results were also obtained with GSTT2 bothin vitroandin vivo. Thus, our study identified a critical role for GSTs in priming astrocytes and enhancing microglia activation during brain inflammation.Significant StatementAstrocytes and microglia play critical roles in brain inflammation, but it is not fully understood how astrocytes regulate microglia activation. Here we report a novel mechanism by which glutathioneS-transferases (GSTs), the enzymes for phase II detoxification of xenobiotic metabolism, in astrocytes control microglia activation during brain inflammation. We found that GSTs, particularly GSTM1, regulate the induction of pro-inflammatory mediators via the activation of NF-κB and JNK in astrocytes. Our studies provide evidence that GST enzymes are active players in brain inflammation and can be targeted to regulate microglia activation.
Ligand binding promiscuity of αVβ3 integrin is enlarged in response to mechanical force
Authors: Bachmann Michael , Schäfer Markus , Mykuliak Vasyl V. , Ripamonti Marta , Heiser Lia , Weißenbruch Kai , Krübel Sarah , Franz Clemens M. , Hytönen Vesa P. , Wehrle-Haller Bernhard , Bastmeyer Martin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractαVβ3 integrin recognizes multiple extracellular matrix proteins, including vitronectin (Vn) and fibronectin (Fn). However, cell experiments are frequently performed on homogenously coated substrates with only one integrin ligand present. Here, we employed binary-choice substrates of Fn and Vn to dissect αVβ3 integrin-mediated binding to both ligands on the subcellular scale. Superresolution imaging revealed that αVβ3 integrin preferred binding to Vn under various conditions. In contrast, binding to Fn required mechanical load on αVβ3 integrin. Integrin mutations, structural analysis, and molecular dynamics simulations established a model where the extended-closed conformation of αVβ3 integrin binds Vn but not Fn. Force-mediated hybrid domain swing-out characterizes the extended-open conformation needed for efficient Fn binding. Thus, force-dependent conformational changes in αVβ3 integrin increase the number of available ligands and therefore the ligand promiscuity of this integrin. These findings for αVβ3 integrin were shown to regulate cell migration and mechanotransduction differentially on Fn compared to Vn and therefore to regulate cell behavior.
Understanding the intention to use medical big data processing technique from the perspective of medical data analyst
Authors: Wang Shanyong , Li Jun , Zhao Dingtao 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to apply an extended technology acceptance model to examine the medical data analyst’s intention to use medical big data processing technique.

Design/methodology/approach
Questionnaire survey method was used to collect data from 293 medical data analysts and analyzed with the assistance of structural equation modeling.

Findings
The results indicate that the perceived usefulness, social influence and attitude are important to the intention to use medical big data processing technique, and the direct effect of perceived usefulness on intention to use is greater than social influence and attitude. The perceived usefulness is influenced by perceived ease of use. Attitude is influenced by perceived usefulness, and attitude acts as a mediator between perceived usefulness and usage intention. Unexpectedly, attitude is not influenced by perceived ease of use and social influence.

Originality/value
This research examines the medical data analyst’s intention to use medical big data processing technique and provides several implications for using medical big data processing technique.
Mentoring for family-teacher relationships: a new teacher’s journey
Authors: Knight-McKenna Mary , Esposito Judy , Clement Lindsay Michelle 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to chronicle the efforts of a new White teacher in her first two years of teaching in an elementary school with a largely Hispanic population as she forged connections with her students’ families while drawing on continued, constructivist mentoring from her university professor. The case points to the need for new teacher mentoring programs to include some emphasis on family-teacher relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe new teacher kept a weekly journal of her interactions with families over a two-year period. Notes were taken during and after mentoring sessions. Data analysis was conducted using the case analysis format designed by Mileset al.(2014).FindingsThe goal of fostering constructive family-teacher relationships was not fully realized for this teacher in her first year. Through reflections, readings, and discussions in mentoring sessions, she gradually learned to respect the wisdom and expertise of families.Research limitations/implicationsAs with all case studies, the results are not generalizable in a traditional sense (Hodkinson and Hodkinson, 2001); however, a larger issue can be addressed in a case (Stake, 1995). In this case, the larger issue is that White teachers working in high-poverty schools are likely to encounter differences between their cultural backgrounds and those of their students’ families. New teachers must determine how to respond in this situation, and mentoring offers support in helping them to act.Practical implicationsAction steps and guidelines developed by the teacher are included, along with a list of selected articles to spur discussions in constructivist mentoring sessions.Originality/valueCoordinators of new teacher induction programs are encouraged to include a component in their curriculum for best practices in developing relationships with families.
Mentorship in the engineering professoriate: exploring the role of social cognitive career theory
Authors: Mendez Sylvia L. , Martin Conley Valerie , Keith Rebecca S. , Haynes Comas , Gerhardt Rosario 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore a new mentoring and advocacy-networking paradigm sponsored by the National Science Foundation (15-7680) Office for Broadening Participation in Engineering in the USA. The Increasing Minority Presence within Academia through Continuous Training (IMPACT) program pairs underrepresented minority (URM) faculty with emeriti faculty in engineering for career mentorship.Design/methodology/approachResearchers utilized a phenomenological qualitative research design to explore the influence of the three domains of the mentoring and advocacy-networking paradigm (career development, sponsorship, and coaching) through participant interviews of URM and emeriti faculty. Interviews, grounded by Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), offered an in-depth understanding of the nature, meaning, and ways in which the IMPACT participants perceived the value of the mentoring experience.FindingsPhenomenological findings suggest mentees viewed IMPACT participation as a means for career progression, and mentors saw it as an opportunity to “give back” to the engineering field. Neither believed cultural or generational gaps would hamper their mentoring relationships, as their shared academic interests would facilitate a bridge for any gaps.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper identifies new questions related to the expectations and interests of both mentors and mentees who are engaged in a mentoring relationship. A longitudinal approach would offer deeper insight into mentoring as the relationship persists over time.Originality/valueEvidence at this stage indicates that the IMPACT program has the potential to contribute to the career progression of URM faculty through the inclusion of an often overlooked resource of emeriti faculty.
The endogeneity of poison pill adoption and unsolicited takeovers
Authors: Nguyen Duc Giang 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
Poison pill adoption is often considered as the most effective tactic to fend off an unsolicited takeover bid. However, it is difficult to identify the deterrent effect because the adoption is naturally endogenous. The purpose of this paper is to use plausibly exogenous instruments to mitigate the endogeneity problem.

Design/methodology/approach
The author employs two econometric models: the linear probability model and the bivariate probit model to examine the effect of poison pills on the outcome of a takeover.

Findings
Using a sample of 655 unsolicited takeovers, the author finds that poison pills substantially reduce the likelihood that a takeover bid, once undesirably placed, is completed. This negative impact strongly supports the manager entrenchment hypothesis in that managers adopt poison pills to ensure the continuation of their private benefits. However, the author finds no strong evidence consistent with the shareholder interest hypothesis that poison pills enhance the management’s ability to negotiate higher premiums or reject inadequate offers.

Research limitations/implications
The demise of the market for unsolicited takeovers with the disappearance of poison pills can be explained by the fact that poison pills, if adopted, will have an absolute deterrent effect on the takeover likelihood of success, and targets always have the power to adopt them instantly.

Practical implications
There should be policies to limit the power of managers to adopt poison pills because it causes the entrenchment problem which will negatively affect the firm value.

Originality/value
The author tackles the problem of the endogeneity of poison pill adoptions. The author shows that poison pills have a strong negative effect on the takeover outcome and the result can explain the decreasing number of unsolicited takeovers.
Exercising responsible leadership in a Singapore context
Authors: Koh Carolyn , Fernando Mario , Spedding Trevor 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the western developed notion of responsible leadership (RL) from a Singapore context.Design/methodology/approachFollowing the qualitative research tradition, face-to-face interviews with 20 influential Singaporean leaders were developed into case studies. Grounded theory methodology was applied to identify similarities and differences within and across cases.FindingsThe findings reveal that the interviewed Singaporean leaders projected traits and values consistent with western definitions of responsible and effective leadership. Findings also suggest that contextual factors such as national culture and the ethos of the nation as well as leaders’ relational intelligence influence RL. These factors also help responsible leaders to better manage the tension between responsible and effective leadership.Research limitations/implicationsThe small and geographically bound sample size makes it difficult to generalise the findings of this study. As in other ethics studies, interviewees’ desire to present a socially desirable image of themselves could be high in this study. Finally, the methods and analytical techniques applied may be biased and be influenced by the purposive selection of the participants.Practical implicationsSingaporean business leaders may need to consider the importance of retaining and developing the national culture and ethos of the nation, since these are the factors that have been identified in this study as key to influencing RL.Originality/valueThis study identifies the factors that influence RL from a Singapore context. It extends the understanding of the mostly western-based multi-level theory of RL.
Genomic diversity and population structure of Mexican and Spanish bovine Lidia breed
Authors: Eusebi P. G. , Cortés O. , Dunner S. , Cañón J. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThe Lidia bovine breed is distinguished for its low genetic exchangeability given its selection on aggressive behavior, its management uniqueness and its subdivided structure. In this study, we present a comprehensive genome‐wide analysis of genetic diversity, population structure and admixture of 468 animals from Mexican and Spanish Lidia breed populations and 64 samples belonging to 10 Spanish native and American‐creole breeds using 37 148 single nucleotide polymorphisms. We found similar average inbreeding values in the Lidia breed, with different distributions within groups; variability of inbreeding values among Spanish lineages was significant and no differences were found among the Mexican sub‐populations. Together, the high FIS of the lineages and the behavior of the runs of homozygosity are consequences of the lineage's small effective population sizes, contributing to their inbreeding increase. Population admixture analysis discarded any influence on the genetic structure of the Lidia populations from the Spanish native and American‐creole breeds. In addition, both Lidia populations depicted different genetic origins, with the exception of some Mexican individuals whose origins traced back to recent Spanish importations.
Quantitative analysis of multiple elements in healthy and remodeled epithelium from human upper airway mucosa using nuclear microscopy
Authors: Ren M.‐Q. , Zhou Y.‐T. , Chen H.‐X. , Li T.‐Y. , Vajandar S. K. , Osipowicz T. , Watt F. , Li C.‐W. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractElements are vital in airway mucosal physiology and pathology, but their distribution and levels in the mucosa remain unclear. This study uses the state‐of‐the‐art nuclear microscopy facility to map and quantify multiple elements in the histology sections of nasal mucosa from patients with nasal polyps or inverted papilloma. Our results demonstrate that P and Ca are the most abundant elements in mucosa and their distinct difference between epithelial and subepithelial regions; more importantly, our results reveal decreased amounts of Cu and Zn in the remodeled epithelium as compared to the normal epithelium. These findings suggest that Cu and Zn may be beneficial targets to regulate aberrant epithelial remodeling in airway inflammation.
Signaling Safety: Characterizing Fieldwork Experiences and Their Implications for Career Trajectories
Authors: Nelson Robin G. , Rutherford Julienne N. , Hinde Katie , Clancy Kathryn B. H. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTNumerous studies use quantitative measures to evaluate retention, advancement, and success in academic settings. Such approaches, however, present challenges for evaluating the lived experiences of academics. Here, we present a qualitative thematic analysis of self‐reports of positive and negative experiences that occurred while conducting academic field research. Twenty‐six semistructured interviews highlighted two central themes: (1) variability inclarityof appropriate professional behavior and rules at fieldsites, and (2)access, or obstacles therein, to professional resources and opportunity. In some instances, respondent narratives recalled a lack of consequences for violations of rules governing appropriate conduct. These violations included harassment and assault, and ultimately disruptions to career trajectories. A heuristic construct of a traffic light describing Red, Yellow, and Green experiences illustrates the ramifications of this distribution of clarity and access within fieldsite contexts. These results extend the findings from our previously reported Survey of Academic Field Experiences (SAFE) about the climates and contexts created and experienced in field research settings. Moreover, this study addresses specific tactics, such as policies, procedures, and paradigms that fieldsite directors and principal investigators can implement to improve field experiences and better achieve equal opportunity in field research settings. [work environment, gender, field experiences, harassment]