bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromatographic determination, decline dynamic and risk assessment of sulfoxaflor in Asian pear and oriental melon
Authors: Kabir Md. Humayun , Abd El‐Aty A. M. , Rahman Md. Musfiqur , Chung Hyung Suk , Lee Han Sol , Kim Sung Woo , Chang Hee‐Ra , Shin Ho‐Chul , Shin Sung Shik , Shim Jae‐Han 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe dissipation pattern of sulfoxaflor in Asian pear cultivated in an open field conditions and in oriental melon grown under plastic house conditions was each studied in two different locations. Residues in field‐treated samples were determined using liquid chromatography coupled with an ultraviolet detector and confirmed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. A calibration curve for sulfoxaflor was linear over the concentration range 0.1–5.0 mg/L, with a coefficient of determination of 0.9999. The limits of detection and quantification (LOQ) were 0.007 and 0.02 mg/kg, respectively. Recoveries at three fortification levels (LOQ, 10 × LOQ and maximum residue limit) ranged from 70.5 to 86.2%, with a relative standard deviation ≤5.8%. The dissipation half‐lives were 10.8 and 7.9 days in pear and 5.4 and 5.9 days in oriental melon, at sites 1 and 2, respectively. Based on a pre‐harvest residue limit curve, it was predicted that, if the residues at 10 days before harvest in Asian pear are <0.54/0.61 mg/kg and those in oriental melon are <1.43/1.26 mg/kg, then the residue level will be below the maximum residue limit at harvest. Risk assessment at zero days showed a percentage acceptable daily intake of 10.80% in Asian pear and 1.77 and 1.55% in oriental melon, for sites 1 and 2, respectively. These values indicate that the fruits are safe for consumption.
Hollow Structure and Electron Promotion Effect of Mesoporous Pd/CeO2 Catalyst for Enhanced Catalytic Hydrogenation
Authors: Wei Qinhong , Ma Qingxiang , Zuo Pingping , Fan Huailin , Qu Shijie , Shen Wenzhong 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA hollow structured CeO2 spheres supported metallic Pd catalyst (Pd/CeO2‐H) was designed and prepared by a glucose hydrothermal method and impregnation method. The CeO2‐H consisted of an inner hollow cavity and an outer shell on which a large number of mesopores were formed. The Pd/CeO2‐H hollow sphere catalyst, which presented abundant surface oxygen vacancies, was investigated for catalytic hydrogenations of styrene and nitrobenzene to produce ethylbenzene and aniline. Activity tests indicated that the mesoporous Pd/CeO2‐H hollow sphere catalyst exhibited striking catalytic activity, which was attributed to the spatial core–shell structure that provided more active sites and facilitated reactant diffusion as well as surface defects (oxygen vacancies), which were capable of transferring electrons to metallic Pd. All of these advances are beneficial to give a higher catalytic hydrogenation performance.
Cake Filtration of Multicomponent Suspensions
Authors: Kühne Sophie , Peuker Urs A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTo investigate the separation behavior of multicomponent suspensions (emulsion slurries) consisting of oil droplets and solid particles suspended in water, cake filtration experiments were conducted. Results indicated that up to a certain volumetric content of oil droplets all oil was held back by the filter cake. Due to the deposition of the oil droplets inside the filter cakes, low porosities were obtained, which led to high specific cake resistances. The relationship between resistance and porosity could be well described using an established power law approach. Consequently, the results show an extended range of validity to lower filter cake porosities.
Porous Carbon/rGO Composite: An Ideal Support Material of Highly Efficient Palladium Electrocatalysts for the Formic Acid Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Ali Hassan , Zaman Shahid , Majeed Imran , Kanodarwala Fehmida K. , Nadeem Muhammad Amtiaz , Stride John Arron , Nadeem Muhammad Arif 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCatalyst support materials play an important role in the electrochemical performance of the catalyst in fuel cells. Herein, we present a synergistic effect of surface area and electronic conductivity on the efficiency of a carbon support material towards its application in direct formic acid fuel cells. A composite of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and metal organic framework (MOF‐5) derived porous carbon (PC) was used as a novel support material for a high dispersion of palladium nanoparticles. The rGO1‐C1 electrocatalyst, which consists of an equal ratio of PC and rGO, was found to be the most effective for the formic acid electro‐oxidation reaction. The obtained mass specific activity for Pd/rGO1‐C1 (969.76 mA mg−1) is 1.52 times higher than for Pd/rGO (639.5 mA mg−1) and 2.63 times higher than Pd/C (368.73 mA mg−1) synthesized under the same conditions and at given onset peak potentials. The Pd/rGO1‐C1 electrocatalyst was also found to be much more stable than other catalysts as evidenced by chronoamperometric measurements for up to 3000 s. The high activity and stability of the catalyst fabricated over the composite carbon support is due to a synergism between the Pd metal and the composite support toward charge transfer, where highly porous carbon provides a high surface area and the rGO is highly conductive, thereby boosting the electrical properties of the catalyst.
Influence of the Composition and Preparation of the Rotating Disk Electrode on the Performance of Mesoporous Electrocatalysts in the Alkaline Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Daems Nick , Breugelmans Tom , Vankelecom Ivo F. J. , Pescarmona Paolo P. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe report a systematic study of the influence of the composition and preparation method of the electrocatalyst layer deposited on the rotating (ring) disk electrodes (RDE/RRDE) employed in the alkaline oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). To investigate and rationalize the generally underestimated role of these factors on the ORR performance of mesoporous electrocatalysts, we studied the activity and selectivity of nitrogen‐doped ordered mesoporous carbon as a function of the loading of electrocatalyst and of binder, of the type of binder, and of the addition order of the components onto the electrode. The use of an anion‐exchange polymer (Fumion FAA‐3®) as the binder instead of the commonly employed Nafion® increased the selectivity towards H2O2 and led to a lower kinetic current density. In addition, higher selectivity towards H2O was observed when increasing the loading of the catalyst and of the binder, although the latter resulted in a decreased kinetic current density. These results prove the crucial effect of the composition and preparation method of the layer deposited on the electrode on the ORR performance of the mesoporous electrocatalyst and can provide useful guidelines in view of the translation of the results of RDE studies to an alkaline fuel‐cell setup.
Synergistic Doping for Pseudocapacitance Sites in Alkaline Carbon Supercapacitors
Authors: Ni Mei , Huang Zhenghong , Lian Yimeng , Chen Renjie , Zhang Xiaoling , Nie Hailiang , Yang Wen 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPseudocapacitance sites emanating from co‐doping with nitrogen and phosphorous in hiearchical carbon are identified by using near‐edge X‐ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. Associated space charge capacitance, characterized by using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), is induced by charging and enhances interfacial capacitance. Electrodes with high mass loading (8 mg cm−2) provide high energy density, and high stability is obtained (91.4 % retention after 10,000 cycles). We describe a two‐step synthetic procedure, relying on hard templating with nanosilica and pyrolyzing polyaniline in the presence of triphenylphosphine followed by silica etching and annealing in the presence of ammonia gas. This method yields hierarchical porous N−P co‐doped carbon (HP‐NPC).
Direct Arylation of Dipyrrolonaphthyridinediones Leads to Red‐Emitting Dyes with Conformational Freedom
Authors: Sadowski Bartłomiej , Rode Michał F. , Gryko Daniel T. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA series of bis‐aryl dipyrrolonaphthyridinediones (DPNDs) with various substitution patterns have been designed and synthesized by direct arylation. This reaction occurs regioselectively at positions 3 and 9, which gives a straightforward entry to unique dyes that absorb in the red/far‐red region and emit in the far‐red/NIR region. The photophysical properties (absorption and fluorescence wavelength) can be controlled by altering the steric hindrance and electronic character of the peripheral aryl group. The fluorescence quantum yields are moderate in the majority of cases and almost independent of changes in the solvent polarity. DPNDs bearing substituents at the ortho position that prevent free rotation of the phenyl ring emit stronger fluorescence relative to the unhindered para analogues and, at the same time their absorption and emission bands are blueshifted. We have used computational methods to explain why electron‐donating substituents have significantly stronger effects than electron‐withdrawing substituents on the optical properties by invoking the electron‐accepting character of the DPND. Electrochemical measurements revealed that the HOMO and LUMO, as well as the electrochemical band gap, also depend strongly on the electronic character of the peripheral group.
Highly Strained Organogold Complexes and Their Gold‐ or Rhodium‐Catalyzed Isomerizations
Authors: Mulks Florian F. , Faraji Shirin , Rominger Frank , Dreuw Andreas , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of (NHC)(tricyclo[4.1.0.02,7]hept‐1‐yl)gold(I) compounds is reported. Several of these organometallic compounds could be obtained by transmetalation from the organolithium precursor to the corresponding (NHC)gold(I) chlorides. These are by far the most strained stable organogold compounds reported so far. With these new compounds we were able to efficiently and selectively accomplish the first gold‐catalyzed rearrangement of organogold compounds, even better yields were obtained by the first rhodium‐catalyzed rearrangement of these organogold species. (E/Z)‐Mixtures of (NHC)(cyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐ylidenemethyl)gold(I) were obtained, none of the other known rearrangement products of tricycloheptanes. Additional insight into the chemical and physical properties of the strained compounds was obtained by spectroscopic and computational studies.
Switching nonparametric regression models for multi‐curve data
Authors: De Souza Camila P. E. , Heckman Nancy E. , Xu Fan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe develop and apply an approach for analyzing multi‐curve data where each curve is driven by a latent state process. The state at any particular point determines a smooth function, forcing the individual curve to “switch” from one function to another. Thus each curve follows what we call a switching nonparametric regression model. We develop an EM algorithm to estimate the model parameters. We also obtain standard errors for the parameter estimates of the state process. We consider three types of hidden states: those that are independent and identically distributed, those that follow a Markov structure, and those that are independent but with distribution depending on some covariate(s). A simulation study shows the frequentist properties of our estimates. We apply our methods to a building's power usage data.The Canadian Journal of Statistics45: 442–460; 2017 © 2017 Statistical Society of Canada
Censored regression models with autoregressive errors: A likelihood‐based perspective
Authors: Schumacher Fernanda L. , Lachos Victor H. , Dey Dipak K. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn many studies that involve time series variables limited or censored data are naturally collected. Practitioners commonly disregard censored data cases or replace these observations with some function of the limit of detection, which often results in biased estimates. In this article we propose an analytically tractable and efficient stochastic approximation of the EM (SAEM) algorithm to obtain the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters of censored regression models with autoregressive errors of order, say,p. This approach permits easy and fast estimation of the parameters of autoregressive models when censoring is present and as a byproduct, enables predictions of unobservable values of the response variable. We use simulations to investigate the asymptotic properties of the SAEM estimates and prediction accuracy. Finally the method is illustrated using two time series data sets, where the measurements are subject to the detection limit of the recording devices. The proposed algorithm and methods are implemented in the new R package “ARCensReg.”The Canadian Journal of Statistics45: 375–392; 2017 © 2017 Statistical Society of Canada
GATA3 is a reliable marker for neuroblastoma in limited samples, including FNA Cell Blocks, core biopsies, and touch imprints
Authors: Wiles Austin Blackburn , Karrs Jeremiah Xavier , Pitt Susan , Almenara Jorge , Powers Celeste N. , Smith Steven Christopher 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUNDNeuroblastomas (NBs) are the most common solid cancer of childhood and infancy; however, in poorly differentiated forms, they present diagnostic challenges. GATA3 has been implicated functionally in NB differentiation, and limited data support its use as an immunohistochemical biomarker for NBs in resection specimens.METHODSGATA3 was tested retrospectively in 30 consecutive archival NB samples, including archival cytopathology needle cores and cell blocks (n = 6), scant surgical biopsy specimens and 2‐mm NB tissue cores (n = 16), and air‐dried touch imprints (n = 8) to evaluate the utility of this marker. Immunostaining was performed per the institutional standard, Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments–compliant automated staining protocol. GATA3 nuclear staining was scored qualitatively for its intensity and proportion of positivity.RESULTSAll 30 NB specimens showed diffuse nuclear positivity with GATA3. Each sample revealed either strong (n = 26) or moderate nuclear staining (n = 4) in more than 75% of NB cells, regardless of the presence or lack of stromata or necrosis or the degree of differentiation.CONCLUSIONSGATA3 is a reliable diagnostic marker for NBs not only in scant/limited surgical specimens but also in cytologic samples, including air‐dried touch imprints, which have previously been undescribed for this marker. Cancer Cytopathol 2017;125:940‐6. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Design and Synthesis of Porous Coordination Polymers with Expanded One‐Dimensional Channels and Strongly Lewis‐Acidic Sites
Authors: Kajiwara Takashi , Higashimura Hideyuki , Higuchi Masakazu , Kitagawa Susumu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNew porous coordination polymers (PCPs) consisting of LaIII cations and thiophene‐based tritopic organic linkers, La‐ThBTB and La‐PhBTTc, are synthesized and structurally characterized. While these La‐PCPs exhibit the same type of one‐dimensional hexagonal channels, their thermal and chemical stability vary significantly with respect to each other, thus demonstrating the crucial importance of the design of the skeletal structure of the organic linker. Because of the large channel sizes and strong Lewis acidity of these La‐PCPs, the catalytic activity in the Lewis‐acid‐catalyzed cyanosilylation of carbonyl compounds shows among the highest reported so far for PCPs.
The Ionization Conjecture in Thomas–Fermi–Dirac–von Weizsäcker Theory
Authors: Frank Rupert L. , Nam Phan Thành , Van Den Bosch Hanne 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe prove that in Thomas–Fermi–Dirac–von Weizsäcker theory, a nucleus of charge Z > 0 can bind at most Z + C electrons, where C is a universal constant. This result is obtained through a comparison with Thomas‐Fermi theory which, as a by‐product, gives bounds on the screened nuclear potential and the radius of the minimizer. A key ingredient of the proof is a novel technique to control the particles in the exterior region, which also applies to the liquid drop model with a nuclear background potential.© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Humanics information security
Authors: Nishigaki Masakatsu 
Published: October 2017

SummarySo far, information security has been focusing mainly on how to improve security and safety technologies. As people are becoming connected with a larger amount of cyber equipment, however, the human aspect in cyber security and safety has gained more attention as an essential issue. In other words, both security and usability of ICT systems have recently become much more critical to achieve. Nevertheless, as everybody knows, security and usability have a trade‐off relationship. Even when a security technology offers a high security level for an ICT system, if it greatly degrades the usability, the security technology will not be used. However, it is not always true that we can never accept any difficulty or bother. If a security technology burdens a user but the user does not notice the burden or even enjoys it, there is no problem. How people feel is key. Against this background, my colleagues and I have been studying how to combine security technologies and human factors, specifically cognitive and psychological characteristics. We call the concept “humanics information security.” This paper describes our pilot studies and explains how our humanics information security approach can effectively achieve both security and usability for ICT systems.
Niobium Doped Lanthanum Strontium Ferrite as A Redox‐Stable and Sulfur‐Tolerant Anode for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Li Jingwei , Wei Bo , Cao Zhiqun , Yue Xing , Zhang Yaxin , Lü Zhe 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe Nb‐doped lanthanum strontium ferrite perovskite oxide La0.8Sr0.2Fe0.9Nb0.1O3−δ (LSFNb) is evaluated as an anode material in a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The effects of Nb partial substitution in the crystal structure, the electrical conductivity, and the valence of Fe ions are studied. LSFNb exhibits good structural stability in a severe reducing atmosphere at 800 °C, suggesting that high‐valent Nb can effectively promote the stability of the lattice structure. The concentration of Fe2+ increases after Nb doping, as confirmed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The maximum power density of a thick Sc‐stabilized zirconia (ScSZ) electrolyte‐supported single cell reached 241.6 mW cm−2 at 800 °C with H2 as fuel. The cell exhibited excellent stability for 100 h continuous operation without detectable degeneration. Scanning electron microscopy clearly revealed exsolution on the LSFNb surface after operation. Meanwhile, LSFNb particles agglomerated significantly during long‐term stability testing. Impedance spectra suggested that both the LSFNb anode and the (La0.75Sr0.25)0.95MnO3−δ/ScSZ cathode underwent an activation process during long‐term testing, through which the charge transfer ability increased significantly. Meanwhile, low‐frequency resistance (RL) mainly attributed to the anode (80 %) significantly increased, probably due to the agglomeration of LSFNb particles. The LSFNb anode exhibits excellent anti‐sulfuring poisoning ability and redox stability. These results demonstrate that LSFNb is a promising anode material for SOFCs.
Recent Advances in Photoelectrochemical Applications of Silicon Materials for Solar‐to‐Chemicals Conversion
Authors: Zhang Doudou , Shi Jingying , Zi Wei , Wang Pengpeng , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPhotoelectrochemical (PEC) technology for the conversion of solar energy into chemicals requires cost‐effective photoelectrodes to efficiently and stably drive anodic and/or cathodic half‐reactions to complete the overall reactions for storing solar energy in chemical bonds. The shared properties among semiconducting photoelectrodes and photovoltaic (PV) materials are light absorption, charge separation, and charge transfer. Earth‐abundant silicon materials have been widely applied in the PV industry, and have demonstrated their efficiency as alternative photoabsorbers for photoelectrodes. Many efforts have been made to fabricate silicon photoelectrodes with enhanced performance, and significant progress has been achieved in recent years. Herein, recent developments in crystalline and thin‐film silicon‐based photoelectrodes (including amorphous, microcrystalline, and nanocrystalline silicon) immersed in aqueous solution for PEC hydrogen production from water splitting are summarized, as well as applications in PEC CO2 reduction and PEC regeneration of discharged species in redox flow batteries. Silicon is an ideal material for the cost‐effective production of solar chemicals through PEC methods.
Automatic cellularity assessment from post‐treated breast surgical specimens
Authors: Peikari Mohammad , Salama Sherine , Nofech‐Mozes Sharon , Martel Anne L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNeoadjuvant treatment (NAT) of breast cancer (BCa) is an option for patients with the locally advanced disease. It has been compared with standard adjuvant therapy with the aim of improving prognosis and surgical outcome. Moreover, the response of the tumor to the therapy provides useful information for patient management. The pathological examination of the tissue sections after surgery is the gold‐standard to estimate the residual tumor and the assessment of cellularity is an important component of tumor burden assessment. In the current clinical practice, tumor cellularity is manually estimated by pathologists on hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained slides, the quality, and reliability of which might be impaired by inter‐observer variability which potentially affects prognostic power assessment in NAT trials. This procedure is also qualitative and time‐consuming. In this paper, we describe a method of automatically assessing cellularity. A pipeline to automatically segment nuclei figures and estimate residual cancer cellularity from within patches and whole slide images (WSIs) of BCa was developed. We have compared the performance of our proposed pipeline in estimating residual cancer cellularity with that of two expert pathologists. We found an intra‐class agreement coefficient (ICC) of 0.89 (95% CI of [0.70, 0.95]) between pathologists, 0.74 (95% CI of [0.70, 0.77]) between pathologist #1 and proposed method, and 0.75 (95% CI of [0.71, 0.79]) between pathologist #2 and proposed method. We have also successfully applied our proposed technique on a WSI to locate areas with high concentration of residual cancer. The main advantage of our approach is that it is fully automatic and can be used to find areas with high cellularity in WSIs. This provides a first step in developing an automatic technique for post‐NAT tumor response assessment from pathology slides. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry