bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of oxidative stress biomarkers in Palaemon varians exposed to deep eutectic systems
Authors: Garralaga Mª Pilar , Ferreira Ines , Lomba Laura , Pires Elisabet , Gracia-Barberán Sara , Duarte Ana Rita C. , Diniz Mário 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there has been extensive research within the scientific community on deep eutectic systems due to their remarkable versatility in solubilizing diverse substances and serving as effective solvents in catalytic processes. While initially regarded as non-toxic, a comprehensive toxicological assessment is essential to comprehend their behavior within organisms. In this study, seven distinct systems, composed of N,N,N-triethyl-N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)ammonium chloride (N00Cl) and glycerol-derived ethers with alkyl chains of varying lengths (100, 200, 3F00, 300, 3i00, and 400), in a 1:2 molar ratio were investigated for their aquatic toxicity in shrimp (Palaemon varians). The assessment involved analyzing oxidative stress biomarkers such as glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and lipoperoxidation (MDA content). Results show an odd–even effect for LC50 values being N00Cl-300, the system showing higher values. Regarding oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant capacity in the organisms has been observed, suggesting significant toxicity to shrimps due to the changes in oxidative stress biomarkers at high concentrations. However, at 100 mg/l all systems can be considered environmentally safe, and no negative impacts are expected on aquatic ecosystems.
Moss spores: overlooked airborne bioparticles in an urban environment
Authors: Ščevková Jana , Tropeková Mária , Dušička Jozef , Štefániková Natália , Žilka Matúš , Zahradníková Eva , Kováč Jozef , Mišíková Katarína 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMoss spores are present in aerobiological samples, but their low representation, lack of known allergenic properties, and difficult identification have led to their being overlooked by aerobiologists so far. The data about their presence in the atmosphere and the factors that influence them are, however, important from the biodiversity conservation point of view, since they give us information about their ability to spread to new habitats. In this pilot study, we analysed their presence in the atmosphere of Bratislava city, Slovakia (2018–2023), using Burkard volumetric sampler, and determined the most significant factors influencing its temporal distribution. The size category of 13–18 µm was the most represented in the samples. Environmental factors influenced the daily spore concentrations and the characteristics of the whole spore season. The start of the Main Spore Season (MSS) depended mainly on the temperatures in November–January, initiating earlier growth of sporophytes in the following year, while the intensity of the MSS was influenced by high humidity in April, stimulating the formation of spores in sporangia. The daily concentration of airborne moss spores was mostly influenced by the actual temperature and wind speed, promoting the release and dispersal of spores, and precipitation lowering their levels due to the “wash-out” effect, although no intradiurnal pattern was observed. More data from other locations is needed to determine the role of atmospheric spore transport for the conservation of moss species facing anthropogenic climatic change.
An idiographic Approach to Measuring Subjective Well-Being
Authors: Kaine Geoff , Stronge Dean 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhile aggregate, national measures of wellbeing may be useful for developing national policies and making international comparisons, they are less helpful when it comes to the more prosaic matter of developing policies at the project or programme level. This is because wellbeing is multi-dimensional and variable in terms of the relative importance of domains, the attributes and indicators used to evaluate domains, and the relative importance of those attributes and indicators. Consequently, people’s preferences regarding the trade-offs that must be made between domains, and between attributes within domains, are exceptionally diverse. We use an idiographic approach, Judgement Analysis, to quantify people’s preferences regarding trade-offs within, and between, well-being domains using green space, water quality, cultural identity, social connectedness. We show that Judgement Analysis has the potential at the programme or project scale to usefully quantify differences in the relative importance people place on well-being domains and to quantifying differences in the relative importance of the cues they use to evaluate well-being with respect to a domain. Our results make explicit the extensive diversity in people’s perspectives on well-being that is often hidden in the popular nomothetic approaches to measuring well-being.
Ordered-Phase Equilibria in the Eutectoid Region of Bulk Fe-Pd
Authors: Savovici A. , Jensen W. , Soffa W. A. , Floro J. A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis report is the first analysis of the coexistence and microstructure of the equilibrium phases in the Fe-Pd L10 + L12 eutectoid region. Coexistence of L10 + L12 is observed at higher temperatures (650 $$^\circ {\text{C}}$$

∘

C

), resulting in L10 polytwin plates with internal boundaries that are decorated by L12. For higher Pd content, the L10 plates are embedded in an extended L12 matrix, but the L12 wetting layers still persist. For aging at low temperatures (525 $$^\circ {\text{C}}$$

∘

C

), L1’ + L12 coexistence is observed, but the microstructure is essentially similar, except that L10 is replaced by L1’. The two-phase region is found to be much narrower than reported in published phase diagrams, of order 0.6 to 1 at pct in extent. There may be a further re-entrant narrowing below the L1’ formation temperature. This work establishes L1’ as a phase distinguishable from both L10 and L12, but does not yet prove that L1’ is an equilibrium phase. The preferred formation of L1’ at lower temperatures may relate both to stability conferred by overall ferrimagnetic interactions, and perhaps by kinetics, where L1’ should have a reduced nucleation barrier from A1 relative to L10.
Therapeutic Applications of Engineered Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Enhanced Angiogenesis in Cardiac and Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Hegde Madhavi , Singh Abhishek Kumar , Kannan Suresh , Kolkundkar Udaykumar , Seetharam Raviraja N. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIschemic diseases are characterized by obstruction of blood flow to the respective organs, of which ischemia of the heart and brain are the most prominent manifestations with shared pathophysiological mechanisms and risk factors. While most revascularization therapies aim to restore blood flow, this can be challenging due to the limited therapeutic window available for treatment approaches. For a very long time, mesenchymal stromal cells have been used to treat cerebral and cardiac ischemia. However, their application is restricted either by inefficient mode of delivery or the low cell survival rates following implantation into the ischemic microenvironment. Nonetheless, several studies are currently focusing on using of mesenchymal stromal cells engineered to overexpress therapeutic genes as a cell-based gene therapy to restore angiogenesis. This review delves into the utilization of MSCs for angiogenesis and the applications of engineered MSCs for the treatment of cardiac and cerebral ischemia. Moreover, the safety issues related to the genetic modification of MSCs have also been discussed.
Graphical Abstract
Person-specific emotional dynamics: a story of a traumatic loss
Authors: Raz Inon , Bar-Kalifa Eran , Gilead Michael 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe impact of traumatic loss on an individuals’ mental health is a critical area of study. While most research has focused on general grief patterns, the unique trajectories of trauma survivors have been understudied. This research utilizes a high-resolution dataset from a single individual over several years, including a period of unexpected tragedy. Using person-specific dynamic modeling and network analysis, the study examines the psychological processes related to traumatic loss. The results reveal a complex distress trajectory and emotional variability with increasing resilience over time. Findings suggest that traumatic loss can induce strongly interconnected emotional networks, typically linked to vulnerability to psychological disorders. Yet, a heightened correlation within a network representing both positive and negative aspects could indicate the emergence of adaptive coping strategies. The study emphasizes that analyzing emotional inertia and variability separately provides a holistic clinical perspective and deepens the understanding of diverse psychological states and affective dynamics. This research underlines the benefits of investigating individual experiences and stresses the need for idiographic approaches in trauma and grief studies. Future research utilizing high-resolution data from multiple individuals may provide a more comprehensive understanding of the diverse trajectories of grief and inform the future of personalized intervention and care.
The effects of irrigation on the survival of Clostridium sporogenes in the phyllosphere and soil environments of lettuce
Authors: Fourie Johannes Cornelius Jacobus , Van Wyk Deidre , Bezuidenhout Cornelius Carlos , Mienie Charlotte , Adeleke Rasheed 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to address the gap in knowledge regarding the fate of foodborne pathogens within agro-ecosystems. It specifically focused on the surrogate microorganism Clostridium sporogenes, which was introduced into lettuce-producing environments via surface and spray irrigation methods, respectively. The concentration of C. sporogenes in the rhizosphere, phyllosphere, and non-rhizosphere soil was quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) over a 42-day trial. The surface irrigation method exhibited a more noticeable contamination effect on the soil environments, compared to the phyllosphere. The results indicated a noticeable increase in C. sporogenes concentrations during the initial 22 days, with a 10.4-fold rise (0.39–4.05 log copy numbers/g soil) in the rhizosphere and 1.9-fold increase (2.97–5.59 log copy numbers/g soil) in the non-rhizosphere. However, concentrations in both soil environments subsequently decreased, falling below the initial inoculum concentration by the end of the trial. In contrast, the spray irrigation method resulted in most of the contamination being localised on the lettuce phyllosphere, with a high C. sporogenes concentration of 9.09 log copy numbers/g leaves on day 0. This concentration exponentially decreased to a minimal 0.019 log copy numbers/g leaves by day 32. Although concentrations in both soil environments decreased over time, trace concentrations of C. sporogenes were detectable at the end of the trial, posing a potential hazard to the microbiological safety of postharvest produce. These findings shed light on the dynamics of C. sporogenes in agro-ecosystems and underscore the importance of irrigation practices that ensure the safety of those who consume fresh produce.
Community perceptions and socio-economic implications of conservation corridors and networks in the Vhembe District, Limpopo, South Africa
Authors: Dalziel Alexandra , Evans Mary 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSocial facets linked to conservation corridors and ecological networks have received relatively limited academic attention. This study explores the perspectives of researchers, NGO representatives, and landowners, as well as the community’s ideas of conservation efforts and corridor potential in the Vhembe District, Limpopo, South Africa. Surveys and interviews were conducted with communities, regional stakeholders, and landowners. The findings revealed that the community participants strongly support corridor implementation. The results indicate that this support is driven by the anticipated socio-economic benefits in the form of jobs. However, the employment opportunities might not align with the resident's expectations. The study identifies several challenges to corridor establishment, including infrastructure and financial constraints. Moreover, the findings revealed a lack of supportive legislation and highlighted concerns over protected area's accessibility. The study contributes to the global academic discourse by emphasizing the importance of community engagement before corridor and network implementation. It also addresses the complex trade-offs inherent in such projects, regardless of location. The methodological approach employed in this research transcends its regional context and offers actionable insights applicable worldwide.
Career transitions in teacher education: ‘Stories’ from three teacher educators
Authors: Fitzgerald Ange , Cooper Rebecca , Carpendale Jared , Mansfield Jennifer 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCareer transitions are often studied from the perspective of changing from one career to the next. Missing from this definition, however, is that transitions can take place within a career. In the case of teacher education and academia, these transitions are often seen as well laid out with an accepted view of ‘success’ and those taking an alternate path being viewed as ‘less successful’. In this self-study, three teacher educators at different stages of their careers were guided by the question: What are the barriers and enablers faced by teacher educators in relation to career transitions? The objective of this paper was to reconsider the notion of career transitions and trajectory. Situated within a small-scale research paradigm underpinned by interpretivism, this self-study presents an analysis of the ‘stories’ of three teacher educators and their lived experiences of career transitions within the academy. A descriptive case study approach was used to guide data collection over four phases to generate data using a narrative inquiry approach using timelines, individual portraits, collective stories and additional insights from a critical friend. The notion of critical friend was employed in two ways: the participants acted as critical friends for each other, and the fourth author challenged thinking and offered new perspectives. This self-study offers insights about the characteristics which have enabled and challenged the three teacher educators and may resonate with others, contributing to our understanding of conditions which can be created to support the intra-academy career transitions and professional development of teacher educators.
Factors of Bullying Victimization Among Students on the Autism Spectrum: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wang Rundong , Susumu Yokota 
Published: September 2024

AbstractStudies have increasingly suggested that autistic students face a heightened risk of bullying. Understanding the underlying factors for high rates of bullying victimization among autistic students is crucial for intervention, but the complexity of bullying and the heterogeneity of ASD (autism spectrum disorder) traits have made it challenging to explain these factors. Hence, this study systematically reviewed and summarized findings in this area, providing recommendations for intervention. It synthesized 34 studies investigating the predictive variable of bullying victimization among autistic students. Our review observed the role of schools, parents, and peers and of individual variables with respect to autistic traits and behavioral difficulties. We then proposed prevention and intervention strategies against bullying victimization toward autistic students.
Lower spaces of multiplicative lattices
Authors: Goswami Amartya 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe consider some distinguished classes of elements of a multiplicative lattice endowed with coarse lower topologies, and call them lower spaces. The primary objective of this paper is to study the topological properties of these lower spaces, including lower separation axioms and compactness. We characterize lower spaces that exhibit sobriety. Introducing the concept of strongly disconnected spaces, we establish a correlation between strongly disconnected lower spaces and the presence of nontrivial idempotent elements in the corresponding multiplicative lattices. Additionally, we provide a sufficient condition for a lower space to be connected. We prove that the lower space of proper elements is a spectral space; we further explore continuous maps between lower spaces.
Photo-Energized MoS2/CNT Cathode for High-Performance Li–CO2 Batteries in a Wide-Temperature Range
Authors: Hu Tingsong , Lian Wenyi , Hu Kang , Li Qiuju , Cui Xueliang , Yao Tengyu , Shen Laifa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLi–CO2 batteries are considered promising energy storage systems in extreme environments such as Mars; however, severe performance degradation will occur at a subzero temperature owning to the sluggish reaction kinetics. Herein, a photo-energized strategy adopting sustainable solar energy in wide working temperature range Li–CO2 battery was achieved with a binder-free MoS2/carbon nanotube (CNT) photo-electrode as cathode. The unique layered structure and excellent photoelectric properties of MoS2 facilitate the abundant generation and rapid transfer of photo-excited carriers, which accelerate the CO2 reduction and Li2CO3 decomposition upon illumination. The illuminated battery at room temperature exhibited high discharge voltage of 2.95 V and mitigated charge voltage of 3.27 V, attaining superior energy efficiency of 90.2% and excellent cycling stability of over 120 cycles. Even at an extremely low temperature of − 30 °C, the battery with same electrolyte can still deliver a small polarization of 0.45 V by the photoelectric and photothermal synergistic mechanism of MoS2/CNT cathode. This work demonstrates the promising potential of the photo-energized wide working temperature range Li–CO2 battery in addressing the obstacle of charge overpotential and energy efficiency.
Enhancing Deep Learning-Based City-Wide Traffic Prediction Pipelines Through Complexity Analysis
Authors: Kumar Nishant , Martin Henry , Raubal Martin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDeep learning models can effectively capture the non-linear spatiotemporal dynamics of city-wide traffic forecasting. Evidence of varying deep learning model performance between different cities, different prediction horizons, different scales, specific city regions, and during particular hours of the day abounds in the literature on deep learning-based traffic prediction, yet a unified metric to quantify the complexity of different prediction tasks does not exist. This paper proposes two metrics—model complexity (MC) and intrinsic complexity (IC). While MC quantifies the effective complexity of deep learning models for city-wide traffic prediction tasks, the IC quantifies the underlying complexity of the prediction task. Being an effective complexity metric, MC depends on the model and the data. The IC depends only on the data and is invariant to the model being used. Both metrics are validated through systematic experimentation using traffic volume data from three cities. Finally, we demonstrate how these metrics can improve the workflows for deep learning-based data-driven traffic prediction pipelines and deployment by reducing the hyperparameter search scope and comparing the effectiveness of different design pathways.
Comparison of Product Features and Clinical Trial Designs for the DTx Products with the Indication of Insomnia Authorized by Regulatory Authorities
Authors: Hosono Takashi , Niwa Yuki , Kondoh Masuo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Digital therapeutics (DTx) have attracted attention as the substitutes or add-ons to conventional pharmacotherapy and the number of DTx products authorized with the regulatory reviews of the clinical evidence is increasing. Insomnia is one of the major targets of the DTx due to the benefit from cognitive behavioral interventions and several products have been launched in the market with regulatory reviews. However, common features of the products and the clinical evidence required by each regulatory agency have not been investigated.

Methods
In this study, we identified the DTx products with the primary indication of insomnia authorized with regulatory reviews of clinical evidence by literature and website searches, and investigated the common features of the products and of the study designs for the pivotal clinical trials.

Results
The total of 6 DTx products were identified. The components of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) were identified as common features of the products. All the pivotal clinical trials were randomized, parallel-group, blind studies against insomnia patients. No products have been authorized in multiple countries regardless of the similarity of the features of the products and of the study designs for the pivotal clinical trials.

Conclusions
Our study revealed that the components of CBT-I and gold standard design in pivotal clinical trials were adopted in all the DTx products for insomnia authorized with reviews of clinical evidence. At the same time, our findings suggest the needs of internationally harmonized regulatory review and authorization system to facilitate the early patient access to the promising DTx products.
Bacteria and RNA virus inactivation with a high-irradiance UV-A source
Authors: Spunde Karina , Rudevica Zhanna , Korotkaja Ksenija , Skudra Atis , Gudermanis Rolands , Zajakina Anna , Revalde Gita 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDisinfection with LED lamps is a promising ecological and economical substitute for mercury lamps. However, the optimal time/dose relationship needs to be established. Pathogen inactivation by UV-A primarily relies on induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and subsequent oxidative damage. While effective against bacteria and enveloped viruses, non-enveloped viruses are less sensitive. In this study, we explored the disinfection properties of 10 W UV-A LED, emitting in the 365–375 nm range. UV-A at high values of irradiance (~ 0.46 W/cm2) can potentially induce ROS formation and direct photochemical damage of the pathogen nucleic acids, thus improving the disinfection. The UV-A inactivation was evaluated for the bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli), non-enveloped RNA bacteriophage MS2, and enveloped mammalian RNA virus—Semliki Forest virus (SFV). The 4 log10 reduction doses for E. coli and SFV were 268 and 241 J/cm2, respectively. Furthermore, in irradiated E. coli, ROS production positively correlated with the inactivation rate. In the case of MS2 bacteriophage, the 2.5 log10 inactivation was achieved by 679 J/cm2 within 30 min of irradiation. The results demonstrate significant disinfection efficiency of non-enveloped virus MS2 using high-irradiance UV-A. This suggests a potential strategy for improving the inactivation of UV-A-unsusceptible pathogens, particularly non-enveloped viruses. Additionally, the direct UV-A irradiation of self-replicating viral RNA from SFV led to a significant loss of viral gene expression in cells transfected with the irradiated RNA. Therefore, the virus inactivation mechanism of high-irradiance UV-A LED can be partially determined by the direct damage of viral RNA.
Graphical abstract