bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complete genus‐level phylogenomics and new subtribal classification of the pantropical plant family Annonaceae
Authors: Nge Francis J. , Chaowasku Tanawat , Damthongdee Anissara , Wiya Chattida , Soulé Vincent R.C. , Rodrigues‐Vaz Carlos , Bruy David , Mariac Cédric , Chatrou Lars W. , Chen Junhao , Choo Le Min , Dagallier Léo‐Paul M.J. , Erkens Roy H.J. , Johnson David M. , Leeratiwong Charan , Lobão Adriana Q. , Lopes Jenifer C. , Martínez‐Velarde Maria Fernanda , Munzinger Jérôme , Murray Nancy A. , Neo Wei Ling , Rakotoarinivo Mijoro , Ortiz‐Rodriguez Andres E. , Sonké Bonaventure , Thomas Daniel C. , Wieringa Jan J. , Couvreur Thomas L.P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAnnonaceae is a major tropical plant family particularly diverse in tropical rain forests of the world. Although the classification and systematics of the family has significantly improved over the past decade, the most recent classification was based on a reduced set of plastid markers and incomplete genus‐level taxon sampling. This classification recognised 4 subfamilies and 20 tribes. Yet, several important problems persisted, especially the phylogenetic placement of the African genus Meiocarpidium, resolution of intertribal relationships within subfamily Malmeoideae, resolution and classification within the diverse tribe Miliuseae with 23 genera, and the contrasting placement of the liana genus Artabotrys when using nuclear versus plastid data. Here, using a previously published Annonaceae‐specific nuclear bait kit, we generated for the first time a complete genus‐level (108 taxa) phylogenomic tree of the family based on 373 loci. We show that Meiocarpidium is sister to Ambavioideae and should be considered as a tribe and not a separate subfamily. Artabotrys is recovered as belonging to tribe Duguetieae, and not Xylopieae as previously inferred based on plastid data, and is sister to two other African liana genera, Letestudoxa and Pseudartabotrys. Finally, we were able to resolve intertribal relationships within subfamily Malmeoideae and most of the relationships within tribe Miliuseae. Nevertheless, we recovered strong gene conflict mainly at the backbone of the tribe, probably linked to a rapid diversification at its origin, leading to substantial incomplete lineage sorting. We suggest that this conflict will be hard to resolve. Using this novel phylogenomic framework we recognize 25 subtribes, 21 as new, to improve the infrafamilial classification of Annonaceae.
Commelina benghalensis attenuates cyclophosphamide‐induced hepatotoxicity by preserving hepatic mitochondrial activity through upregulating pro‐mitochondrial proteins
Authors: Allakonda Lingesh , Potnuri Ajay Godwin , Kumar Dokuparthi Sudheer , Danaboina Gnana Bhaskar , Kurra Subramanyam , Ranjan Rakshit 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimCyclophosphamide (CP) is used as antineoplastic agent. However, anticancer therapy is largely impeded by its toxicity arising from oxidative stress. Strategies that can attenuate this off‐target effect of CP could be helpful. Commelina benghalensis L. is widely used in oriental traditional medicine for management of jaundice, fever, inflammation, leprosy and snake bites; its potential against chemotherapy‐induced hepatotoxicity is unknown. The present study evaluates the hepatoprotective effect of hydro‐ethanolic extract of C. benghalensis (HECB) in a rat model of CP‐induced hepatotoxicity.MethodsChemical characterization of HECB was carried out followed by 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Hepatic functional tests including phenobarbitone‐induced sleeping time were done and anti‐oxidant reserves were estimated after oral treatments at 50 and 100 mg/kg for eight weeks. Inflammatory markers and mitochondrial integrity (complex I activity, nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 [Nrf2] and mitochondrial transcriptional factor A [TFAM] levels) were analyzed in the tissue lysates.ResultsFlavonoids and phenolic compounds were found at higher concentrations of 50 and 100 μg/mL with a significant free radical scavenging activity as displayed by DPPH assay. Administration of CP has resulted in increased liver weight, elevated serum hepatic enzyme activity along with inflammatory markers, decreased hepatic anti‐oxidant reserves, and impaired mitochondrial activity. Correspondingly, daily oral administration of HECB ameliorated these parameters and restored anti‐oxidant reserves. Further, hepatic mitochondrial activity, Nrf2 and TFAM levels were also improved. The hepatoprotective effect of HECB was further confirmed by histopathological analysis and phenobarbitone‐induced sleeping time.ConclusionConclusively, the study provides preliminary evidence regarding the hepatoprotective activity of HECB and the contribution of its anti‐oxidant potential towards this pharmacological effect.
The association of dementia risk symptoms and functional activity in adults with Down syndrome
Authors: Washington Selena E. , Bodde Amy E. , Helsel Brian C. , Bollinger Rebecca M. , Smith Nora , Ptomey Lauren T. , Ances Beau , Stark Susan L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAdults with Down syndrome (DS) have an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia, often showing neuropathological indicators by age 40. Physical function and activities of daily living (ADLs) are understudied areas of function that may inform dementia risk. We investigated associations among age, physical function (gait/balance, grip strength, and lower extremity strength), ADLs, and dementia risk symptoms in adults with DS. We hypothesized that compromised physical function and lower independence with ADLs would be associated with an informant/caregiver‐reported measure of dementia risk symptoms.METHODSA secondary analysis for this cross‐sectional study was completed using data from two academic research centers with 43 adults with DS (age 30 ± 12 years). We examined the association of dementia risk symptoms, captured through the Dementia Screening Questionnaire for Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities (DSQIID), with physical function (timed up and go [TUG], sit‐to‐stand [STS], grip strength) and ADLs (Waisman Activities of Daily Living Scale). A linear regression model for the continuous dementia risk measure in the DSQIID used a log transformation of (1 + log(Y + 1)) to account for a high zero count. Wilcoxon rank‐sum tests were used to assess differences in the physical function measures, DSQIID questionnaire, and Waisman ADL by dividing mean age categories.RESULTSHigher DSQIID scores were associated with lower independence with ADLs (β = −0.103, p = 0.008), slower gait times (TUG; β = 0.112, p = 0.034), and impaired lower extremity strength (STS; β = 0.112, p = 0.017) and grip strength (β = −0.039, p = 0.034). DSQIID scores differed significantly between the ≥30 and <30 age groups. Participants ≥30 years of age scored 5 points higher on the DSQIID than participants <30, suggesting that age was associated with greater dementia risk.DISCUSSIONGreater dementia risk symptoms were associated with age, lower physical function scores, and independence with ADLs, suggesting that declines in physical function and ADLs may be early indicators of subsequent dementia risk in adults with DS.Highlights
We explored the association of physical function and activities of daily living (ADLs) in aging adults with DS and their relationship with informant/caregiver report of dementia risk symptoms.
Our findings demonstrated a significant relationship between a higher number of dementia risk symptoms observed and lower independence with ADLs, and impaired gait/balance, grip strength, and lower extremity strength.
Further research with larger longitudinal studies is necessary to investigate any causative relationships among physical function, ADL function, and dementia risk symptoms.
Socio‐economic evaluation of human–dog coexistence: A 40,000 years history
Authors: Fallahi Mohammad , Masoudi Ali Akbar , Vaez Torshizi Rasoul , Maghsoudi Ali 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe human–animal relationship and its benefits have been a popular issue in recent decades. This study focuses on the dog as a paradigmatic example of this complex bond. The relationship between human and dog evolved over thousands of years through the domestication process. During this period, climatic, cultural, geographical and social changes have had a direct impact on this bond. Dogs have a remarkable capacity to play a variety of roles that mirror the evolution of human societies. Subsequently, questions arise regarding the important and symbolic roles that canines played in ancient cultures, religions and mythological traditions. Specifically, how have these roles changed through history? This research aimed to explore the socio‐economic aspects of the human–dog relationship, spanning from ancient civilizations to modern societies. Through a systematic search methodology, this investigation seeks to provide insights into the dynamics of the complex human–dog relationship, including historical backgrounds, socio‐cultural dynamics, economic implications and associated challenges. Additionally, the present study addresses the environmental concerns that emerge alongside rising stray dog populations. This research emphasizes the importance of strategies to balance the benefits of this coexistence that promote human and animal welfare.
Advanced quantum and semiclassical methods for simulating photoinduced molecular dynamics and spectroscopy
Authors: Faraji Shirin , Picconi David , Palacino‐González Elisa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMolecular‐level understanding of photoinduced processes is critically important for breakthroughs in transformative technologies utilizing light, ranging from photomedicine to photoresponsive materials. Theory and simulation play a crucial role in this task. Despite great advances in hardware and computational methods, the theoretical description of photoinduced phenomena in the presence of complex environments and external photoexcitation conditions still poses formidable challenges for theoreticians and there are numerous formal and computational difficulties that must be overcome. The development of predictive, accurate, and at the same time, computationally efficient theoretical approaches to describe complex problems in photochemistry and photophysics is an active field of research in contemporary theoretical and computational chemistry. In this advanced review, we discuss modern computational advances and novel approaches that have been recently developed in excited‐electronic structure methods, and multiscale modeling, with a special emphasis on coupled electron‐nuclear dynamics and spectroscopy, from fully quantum to semi‐classical methodologies—including dissipative effects, the explicit light field interaction, femtosecond time‐resolved spectroscopy, and software infrastructure.This article is categorized under:
Software > Quantum Chemistry
Electronic Structure Theory > Combined QM/MM Methods
Theoretical and Physical Chemistry > Spectroscopy
Software > Molecular Modeling
Socially Situated Pedagogies as a Strategy to Innovate Architectural Curricula: The Case Study of SArPe and Its Design Studio Experimentation at the University of Pavia
Authors: Delsante Ioanni , Ahmed Tabassum , Duse Maddalena Giovanna Anita , Migliavacca Linda 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe authors discuss a pedagogical experiment that arises out of an ongoing Erasmus+ project titled “Socially Situated Architectural Pedagogies” or SArPe, which involves the Universities of Pavia, Istanbul, TU Delft and Malaga. SArPe project situates itself in between three areas of inquiry: critical/radical pedagogies [1–4]; situated knowledge [5, 6] and commons-oriented knowledge and pedagogy [7–9].On that basis, the paper aims to critically analyze architectural pedagogy through authors’ positioning in respect to the wider debate and a case study-based approach. Namely, a second-year architectural studio held at the University of Pavia in a.y. 2022–2023. Here the studio is reimagined as a site for commoning of knowledge through collaborations with non-academic actors; challenging hierarchical position between learners and educators; and experiment practice of dialogue.By doing that, it seeks to broaden reflections on how architectural studio can reconnect to the outside world and, more particularly, how learners and educators (and their mutual positioning) engage with non-institutional stakeholders.As such a transformative-relational pedagogy is experimented, which activates the traditional studio towards a socially situated pedagogical practice that promotes self-organization, encourages active participation and destabilases hierarchies.
Building a Community Through a Design Build Studio Program
Authors: Inceoglu Arda 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper aims to provide a comprehensive and critical assessment of the outcomes stemming from a Design-Build program, a pedagogical approach widely adopted by educational institutions worldwide. These programs are instrumental in equipping students with vital practical skills, often unattainable within the confines of a conventional studio environment. While the objectives of this program align with those of similar initiatives in various educational institutions, an examination reveals an unexpected and substantial outcome. Beyond its primary goals, the Design-Build program has played an integral role in instilling a culture of collaboration and camaraderie within the school, thereby significantly contributing to the overall success of its architectural education. All stages of the program consist of collaborative processes, instilling from an early age the importance of working together by helping each other than individual competition.
Speculating Beyond Academia. A Critical Reflection in the Light of the Experience of the PhD Workshop Held During the EAAE 23 Annual Conference
Authors: Inetzi Sotiria , Vannini Carlo , Salahieh Diana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEngaging in speculative endeavors beyond the confines of academia entails a deliberate focus on forging novel trajectories within the cognitive and knowledge-production realms of architectural research. It can be understood as an approach where research acts as a continuous path of inspiration and not (only) as a procedural tool for academic advancement. Within architectural doctoral studies, research by design and design driven research emerge as attitudes towards incorporating the artistic design processes in research, trespassing the scope of architectural research within academic boundaries.
The Merits of Teaching Architecture as General Education
Authors: Suzuki Arno 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTeaching architecture as general education serves various purposes. Studying familiar buildings may become an intriguing introduction to liberal arts, including art, history, and natural and social sciences. Students can learn critical thinking, problem-solving, and interdisciplinary communication when studying architecture, which are vital higher education goals nowadays. Architecture students and other majors studying together may also improve the future mutual understanding between architects and clients. Housing and living environments are so essential that various efforts are made to teach them to children. Still, primary and secondary school teachers need more time, experience, or confidence to teach such a vast and technical subject. Architecture professors and practitioners can take it over in higher education. To examine the feasibility of this proposal, the author gave a 100-min online experimental lecture on introductory architecture to 1600 first-year students in different majors and conducted a quantitative text analysis on post-learning evaluation. The result proves that practical topics such as safety and environmental preservation interested students regardless of the major. However, a questionnaire survey revealed that students are much less interested in their living environment than in food and clothing. We ought to think about how to make them aware of the importance of this subject.
Who is in?: Non-Living and Hybrid Constituents in More-Than-Living Ecosystem of the Studio
Authors: Büyüktopcu Erenalp , Şentürer Ayşe 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis research text explores the miscellaneous roles of more-than-living (non-living and hybrid) constituents within the pedagogical universe of architectural studios, highlighting their progressive potential to transform educational practices towards more inclusive, emancipatory, and experimental directions. Through an in-depth analysis of diversified pedagogical experiments, from the Radical Pedagogies selection of the late 20th century to the contemporary approaches presented in the 2022 ABC-Architecture Beyond Capitalism School, the research illuminates how more-than-living constituents act as catalysts for new subjectivities and pedagogical methods. The research endeavors to reveal the transformative and progressive potential of more-than-living constituents through their contextual and performative actions in their political, spatial, and networked positions. Unlike the majority of studies on studio pedagogies that primarily focus on the power dynamics and hierarchical tendencies between participants/students and facilitators/instructors, this research underscores the overlooked significance of spatial arrangements, collective experiences, open-source strategies, and other factors. By integrating these constituents, the text aims for a pedagogical approach that embraces dissolved physical/mental boundaries and all modes of action, facilitates equitable power dynamics, fosters a critical engagement with pressing contemporary issues, opens up new avenues for critical-creative exploration, and promotes acts of resistance and resilience within the studio atmosphere.
Action Based Research for Capacity Building of Neighborhood Communities
Authors: Calciu Daniela , Marin Vera , Pavăl Oana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper aims to present action research experiences in Romanian context and reflection on possible contributions from architectural education to helping neighborhood communities. For the Bucharest team of ATU- Association for Urban Transition, the project entitled Urban Education Live - Innovative Urban Education in Live Settings (2018–2020) was about applying social mapping tools for helping a civic initiative group to define a common agenda that was presented to the local authorities as the first neighborhood development plan in Romania. A new project entitled CoNECT - Collective Networks for Everyday Community Resilience and Ecological Transition was initiated in 2022 and it is aiming to identify collaboration mechanisms among various stakeholders for helping grass-roots initiatives addressing transition challenges to have more visibility and impact. Both projects are implemented in the framework of the Urban Europe Joint Partnership Initiative as a research program demonstrating a solid concern for the social impact of research on communities. Research on connections between space and communities means testing ideas and tools coming from the training of built environment professionals and helping neighborhood communities and master students to work together on concrete objectives and formats. By doing so, architects and other professionals learn how to offer their support in building bridges between grass roots initiatives and decision-making processes since these formats are the ones used to plan and design interventions for transforming spaces.
Topological Deformability in Architecture, or How to Learn About Differences
Authors: Dragišić Maja 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe main question of this paper is related to whether and in what way we understand the notion of topological deformability, which appears in numerous texts of architectural theory from the beginning of the 1990s until today. In general, the paper deals with the problem of the denotation of concepts from other scientific fields, and shows how the architectural discourse changes the meaning of a mathematical concept, determining it within its own discipline. The transition of the term topological deformability is set as an example of how architecture uses and improves its inherent interdisciplinary dimension, as well as an example of how the way we research in architecture could make a tangible social impact.The first part of this paper will focus on introducing and analyzing the concept of topological deformability and its transition from mathematics to architectural theory.In the second part, it will examine how, through different theoretical approaches, the term topological deformability influences the transformation of the thinking modality in architecture, and how it traces the narrow path through architectures’ knowledge toward the wider audience. Therefore, architecture’s dominant as an instrument of plural social reality will be emphasized. The research will show how the term topological deformability through architecture opened the way to changing the idea of otherness, leading to the essential acceptance of differences.
Architectural practice in the Digital Age: Balancing Adoption and Adaptation
Authors: Mance Damir 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe digital age presents both challenges and opportunities for the architectural profession. Architects must navigate the integration of new technologies, such as artificial intelligence and digital design tools while adapting to the evolving scope of their practice. This paper investigates the balance between adoption and adaptation in architectural practice, exploring strategies for architects to effectively engage with the digital landscape while maintaining the integrity of their profession. The outcomes of fully embracing new technologies and methodologies are contrasted with the approach of modifying existing practices to accommodate digital advancements, considering the implications for the architectural profession.In addressing these issues, architectural education and research play crucial roles in preparing architects for the digital age by examining the relationship between design-based research, academic inquiry, and professional practice. This study investigates the advantages and challenges of digital technologies integration in design, decision-making, and resource allocation, as well as its influence on traditional professional boundaries and skillsets.Drawing from an analysis of the current scope of architectural services, this study aims to provide architects (practicing and teaching) with a comprehensive understanding of the opportunities and challenges that the digital age presents, enabling them to make well-informed decisions about the future of their practice.
Everyone Belongs to Everyone Else
Authors: Ardesio Giacomo , Bonizzoni Alessandro , Campri Nicola , Caprino Veronica , Mainardi Claudia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe scarcity of resources in a context of permanent crisis is not only an opportunity but also the only direction in which it makes sense to practice. In our view, there is a generation that has already accepted the challenge and is trying every day to develop antibodies to disillusionment. The Italian Pavilion at the 18th International Architecture Exhibition – La Biennale di Venezia invited these practitioners to recognize themselves as a “movement.” Titled Spaziale, it referred to an expanded notion of the discipline where the built artifact was not seen as an ultimate goal but as one of the possible tools for intervening in the fabric of relationships between people and places. Nine practices were invited to collaborate with nine advisors – from other fields of creativity – in nine Italian territories representative of conditions of fragility or transformation, with the support of as many local interlocutors. Each intervention represented a chapter in an incomplete agenda of urgent research themes for the national context and for architecture: open questions, traceable to the scenario of transition – not only ecological – that we are facing in these years.