bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal imaging reveals subhippocampal dynamics in glutamate levels associated with histopathologic events in a mouse model of tauopathy and healthy mice
Authors: Crescenzi Rachelle , DeBrosse Catherine , Nanga Ravi P. R. , Byrne Matthew D. , Krishnamoorthy Guruprasad , D'Aquilla Kevin , Nath Hari , Morales Knashawn H. , Iba Michiyo , Hariharan Hari , Lee Virginia M. Y. , Detre John A. , Reddy Ravinder 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTTauopathies are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by abnormal intracellular aggregates of tau protein, and include Alzheimer's disease, corticobasal degeneration, frontotemporal dementia, and traumatic brain injury. Glutamate metabolism is altered in neurodegenerative disorders manifesting in higher or lower concentrations of glutamate, its transporters or receptors. Previously, glutamate chemical exchange saturation transfer (GluCEST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated that glutamate levels are reduced in regions of synapse loss in the hippocampus of a mouse model of late‐stage tauopathy. We performed a longitudinal GluCEST imaging experiment paired with a cross‐sectional study of histologic markers of tauopathy to determine whether (1) early GluCEST changes are associated with synapse loss before volume loss occurs in the hippocampus, and whether (2) subhippocampal dynamics in GluCEST are associated with histopathologic events related to glutamate alterations in tauopathy. Live imaging of the hippocampus in three serial slices was performed without exogenous contrast agents, and subregions were segmented based on a k‐means cluster model. Subregions of the hippocampus were analyzed (cornu ammonis CA1, CA3, dentate gyrus DG, and ventricle) in order to associate local MRI‐observable changes in glutamate with histological measures of glial cell proliferation (GFAP), synapse density (synaptophysin, VGlut1) and glutamate receptor (NMDA–NR1) levels. Early differences in GluCEST between healthy and tauopathy mice were measured in the CA1 and DG subregions (30% reduction, P ≤ 0.001). Synapse density was also significantly reduced in every subregion of the hippocampus in tauopathy mice by 6 months. Volume was not significantly reduced in any subregion until 13 months. Further, a gradient in glutamate levels was observed in vivo along hippocampal axes that became polarized as tauopathy progressed. Dynamics in hippocampal glutamate levels throughout lifetime were most closely correlated with combined changes in synaptophysin and GFAP, indicating that GluCEST imaging may be a surrogate marker of glutamate concentration in glial cells and at the synaptic level. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Beyond the Usefulness of Branded Applications: Insights from Consumer–Brand Engagement and Self‐construal Perspectives
Authors: Fang Yu‐Hui 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTBranded mobile applications (apps) present one of the most promising opportunities for marketers to reach current and potential customers, sell products or services, and facilitate customer engagement with brands. This study aims to explore how branded apps influence consumers’ brand repurchase intention and continuance usage intention. Integrating the utilitarian view from information systems research and the view of consumer–brand engagement from marketing research, a complementary engagement path alongside the utilitarian path was devised and tested in order to elucidate consumer perceptions toward branded apps. Independent self‐construal and interdependent self‐construal moderate relationships along the utilitarian path and engagement path, respectively. Data collected from 637 respondents support most of the proposed hypotheses. Results show that the engagement path has more influence on continuance intention and equal influence on repurchase intention when compared to the utilitarian path. Findings show that apps users have different thoughts along each of the two paths, depending on their self‐construal. The study's findings also provide app designers and marketers with new perspectives on how to better design branded apps.
Digitalization Capabilities as Enablers of Value Co‐Creation in Servitizing Firms
Authors: Lenka Sambit , Parida Vinit , Wincent Joakim 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTAs manufacturing companies pursue a servitization strategy, they are increasingly relying on developing digitalization capabilities to interact and co‐create value with their customers. However, many lack an understanding of what constitutes digitalization capabilities and how they can create value with customers. To address these questions, the study builds on qualitative data from four industrial manufacturing firms to conceptualize three underlying subcomponents of digitalization capabilities, namely, intelligence capability, connect capability, and analytic capability. The study identifies and explains how digitalization capabilities enable value co‐creation with customers through perceptive and responsive mechanisms. This study contributes to the servitization literature by showcasing how digitalization capabilities are enabling value co‐creation in a business‐to‐business context.
Intermittent calorie restriction largely counteracts the adverse health effects of a moderate‐fat diet in aging C57BL/6J mice
Authors: Rusli Fenni , Lute Carolien , Boekschoten Mark V. , van Dijk Miriam , van Norren Klaske , Menke Aswin L. , Müller Michael , Steegenga Wilma T. 
Published: December 2016

ScopeCalorie restriction (CR) has been shown to extend life‐ and health‐span in model species. For most humans, a life‐long CR diet is too arduous to adhere to. The aim of this study was to explore whether weekly intermittent CR can (1) provide long‐term beneficial effects and (2) counteract diet‐induced obesity in male aging mice.Methods and resultsIn this study, we have exposed C57Bl/6J mice for 24 months to an intermittent (INT) diet, alternating weekly between CR of a control diet and ad libitum moderate‐fat (MF) feeding. This weekly intermittent CR significantly counteracted the adverse effects of the MF diet on mortality, body weight, and liver health markers in 24‐month‐old male mice. Hepatic gene expression profiles of INT‐exposed animals appeared much more comparable to CR‐ than to MF‐exposed mice. At 12 months of age, a subgroup of MF‐exposed mice was transferred to the INT diet. Gene expression profiles in the liver of the 24‐month‐old diet switch mice were highly similar to the INT‐exposed mice. However, a small subset of genes was consistently changed by the MF diet during the first phase of life.ConclusionWeekly intermittent CR largely, but not completely, reversed adverse effects caused by a MF diet.
Specific joint angle dependency of voluntary activation during eccentric knee extensions
Authors: Doguet Valentin , Rivière Valentin , Guével Arnaud , Guilhem Gaël , Chauvet Lucile , Jubeau Marc 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis study compared voluntary activation during isometric, concentric, and eccentric maximal knee extensions at different joint angles.MethodsFifteen participants performed isometric, concentric, and eccentric protocols (9 contractions each). For each protocol, the central activation ratio (CAR) was randomly measured at 50°, 75°, or 100° of knee joint angle (0° = full knee extension) using superimposed supramaximal paired nerve stimulations during contractions.ResultsCAR increased between 50° and 100° during isometric (93.6 ± 3.1 vs. 98.5 ± 1.4%), concentric (92.4 ± 5.4 vs. 99.2 ± 1.2%), and eccentric (93.0 ± 3.5 vs. 96.6 ± 3.8%) contractions. CAR was lower during eccentric than both isometric and concentric contractions at 75° and 100°, but similar between contraction types at 50°.ConclusionsThe ability to activate muscle maximally is impaired during eccentric contractions compared with other contraction types at 75° and 100°, but not at 50°. Muscle Nerve 56: 750–758, 2017
Disparity in neural and subjective responses to food images in women with obesity and normal‐weight women
Authors: Carbine Kaylie A. , Larson Michael J. , Romney Lora , Bailey Bruce W. , Tucker Larry A. , Christensen William F. , LeCheminant James D. 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveSelf‐reports tend to differ from objective measurements of food intake, particularly in adults with obesity; however, no studies have examined how neural responses to food (an objective measure) and subjective ratings of food differ by BMI status. This study tested normal‐weight women (NWW) and women with obesity (OBW) for group differences in neural indices of attention towards food pictures, subjective ratings of these pictures, and the disparity between objective and subjective measurements.MethodsTwenty‐two NWW (21.8 ± 1.7 kg/m2) and 22 OBW (37.0 ± 5.7 kg/m2) viewed food and flower pictures while late positive potential amplitude, an event‐related potential, was recorded. Participants rated pictures for arousal and valence.ResultsLate positive potential amplitude was larger toward food than flower pictures. OBW self‐reported flower pictures as more pleasant than food; NWW showed no difference for pleasantness. There were no significant main effects or interactions for arousal. Standardized scores showed that only on subjective, but not objective, measures did OBW compared with NWW disproportionately indicate food pictures as less pleasant than flowers.ConclusionsCompared with NWW, OBW showed larger discrepancies between neural and subjective reports of attention towards food. Inaccurate self‐reports of attention towards food may reduce the efficiency of health interventions.
Compliance with Procalcitonin Algorithm Antibiotic Recommendations for Patients in Medical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Ammar Abdalla A. , Lam Simon W. , Duggal Abhijit , Neuner Elizabeth A. , Bass Stephanie N. , Guzman Jorge A. , Wang Xiao‐Feng , Han Xiaozhen , Bauer Seth R. 
Published: December 2016

Study ObjectivesTo describe compliance with antibiotic recommendations based on a previously published procalcitonin (PCT)‐guided algorithm in clinical practice, to comparePCTalgorithm compliance rates betweenPCTassays ordered in the antibiotic initiation setting (PCTconcentration measured less than 24 hours after antibiotic initiation or before antibiotic initiation) with those in the antibiotic continuation setting (PCTconcentration measured 24 hours or more after antibiotic initiation), and to evaluate patient‐ andPCT‐related factors independently associated with algorithm compliance in patients in the medical intensive care unit (MICU).DesignSingle‐center retrospective cohort study.SettingLarge MICUin a tertiary care academic medical center.PatientsA total of 527 adults admitted to the MICUunit over a 2‐year period (November 1, 2011–October 31, 2013) who had a total of 957PCTassays performed.PCTassays whose results were determined in the MICUwere allocated retrospectively to either the initiation setting cohort or the continuation setting cohort based on timing of thePCTassay.Measurements and Main ResultsEachPCTassay was treated as a separate episode. Antibiotic regimens were compared between the 24‐hour periods before and after the results of eachPCTassay and evaluated against an algorithm to determine compliance. Clinical, laboratory,PCT‐related, and microbiologic variables were assessed during the 24‐hour period after thePCTassay results to determine their influence onPCTalgorithm compliance. A larger proportion ofPCTepisodes occurred in the initiation setting (540 [56.4%]) than in the continuation setting (417 [43.5%]). Overall, compliance withPCTalgorithm recommendations was low (48.5%) and not significantly different between the initiation setting and the continuation setting (49.1% vs 47.7%, p=0.678). No patient‐related orPCT‐related factors were independently associated withPCTalgorithm compliance on multivariable logistic regression.ConclusionCompliance withPCTalgorithm antibiotic recommendations in both the initiation and continuation settings was lower than that reported in published randomized studies. No factors were independently associated withPCTalgorithm compliance. Institutions usingPCTassays to guide antibiotic use should assess compliance with algorithm antibiotic recommendations. Inclusion of a formalized antimicrobial stewardship program along with aPCT‐guided algorithm is highly recommended.
Modular toxin from the lynx spider Oxyopes takobius: Structure of spiderine domains in solution and membrane‐mimicking environment
Authors: Nadezhdin Kirill D. , Romanovskaia Daria D. , Sachkova Maria Y. , Oparin Peter B. , Kovalchuk Sergey I. , Grishin Eugene V. , Arseniev Alexander S. , Vassilevski Alexander A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe have recently demonstrated that a common phenomenon in evolution of spider venom composition is the emergence of so‐called modular toxins consisting of two domains, each corresponding to a “usual” single‐domain toxin. In this article, we describe the structure of two domains that build up a modular toxin named spiderine or OtTx1a from the venom of Oxyopes takobius. Both domains were investigated by solution NMR in water and detergent micelles used to mimic membrane environment. The N‐terminal spiderine domain OtTx1a‐AMP (41 amino acid residues) contains no cysteines. It is disordered in aqueous solution but in micelles, it assumes a stable amphiphilic structure consisting of two α‐helices separated by a flexible linker. On the contrary, the C‐terminal domain OtTx1a‐ICK (59 residues) is a disulfide‐rich polypeptide reticulated by five S–S bridges. It presents a stable structure in water and its core is the inhibitor cystine knot (ICK) or knottin motif that is common among single‐domain neurotoxins. OtTx1a‐ICK structure is the first knottin with five disulfide bridges and it represents a good reference for the whole oxytoxin family. The affinity of both domains to membranes was measured with NMR using titration by liposome suspensions. In agreement with biological tests, OtTx1a‐AMP was found to show high membrane affinity explaining its potent antimicrobial properties.
The presence of non‐native helical structure in the unfolding of a beta‐sheet protein MPT63
Authors: Kundu Amrita , Kundu Sangeeta , Chattopadhyay Krishnananda 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMPT63, a major secreted protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has been shown to have immunogenic properties and has been implicated in virulence. MPT63 is a β‐sandwich protein containing 11 β strands and a very short stretch of 310 helix. The detailed experimental and computational study reported here investigates the equilibrium unfolding transition of MPT63. It is shown that in spite of being a complete β‐sheet protein, MPT63 has a strong propensity toward helix structures in its early intermediates. Far UV‐CD and FTIR spectra clearly suggest that the low‐pH intermediate of MTP63 has enhanced helical content, while fluorescence correlation spectroscopy suggests a significant contraction. Molecular dynamics simulation complements the experimental results indicating that the unfolded state of MPT63 traverses through intermediate forms with increased helical characteristics. It is found that this early intermediate contains exposed hydrophobic surface, and is aggregation prone. Although MPT63 is a complete β‐sheet protein in its native form, the present findings suggest that the secondary structure preferences of the local interactions in early folding pathway may not always follow the native conformation. Furthermore, the Gly25Ala mutant supports the proposed hypothesis by increasing the non‐native helical propensity of the protein structure.
Does a long‐term orientation create value? Evidence from a regression discontinuity
Authors: Flammer Caroline , Bansal Pratima 
Published: December 2016

Research summary: In this paper, we theorize and empirically investigate how a long‐term orientation impacts firm value. To study this relationship, we exploit exogenous changes in executives' long‐term incentives. Specifically, we examine shareholder proposals on long‐term executive compensation that pass or fail by a small margin of votes. The passage of such “close call” proposals is akin to a random assignment of long‐term incentives and hence provides a clean causal estimate. We find that the adoption of such proposals leads to (1) an increase in firm value and operating performance—suggesting that a long‐term orientation is beneficial to companies—and (2) an increase in firms' investments in long‐term strategies such as innovation and stakeholder relationships. Overall, our results are consistent with a “time‐based” agency conflict between shareholders and managers.Managerial summary: This paper shows that corporate short‐termism is hampering business success. We show clear, causal evidence that imposing long‐term incentives on executives—in the form of long‐term executive compensation—improves business performance. Long‐term executive compensation includes restricted stocks, restricted stock options, and long‐term incentive plans. Firms that adopted shareholder resolutions on long‐term compensation experienced a significant increase in their stock price. This stock price increase foreshadowed an increase in operating profits that materialized after two years. We unpack the reasons for these improvements in performance, and find that firms that adopted these shareholder resolutions made more investments in R&D and stakeholder engagement, especially pertaining to employees and the natural environment. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Curcuma treatment prevents cognitive deficit and alteration of neuronal morphology in the limbic system of aging rats
Authors: Vidal Blanca , Vázquez‐Roque Rubén A. , Gnecco Dino , Enríquez Raúl G. , Floran Benjamin , Díaz Alfonso , Flores Gonzalo 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCurcuma is a natural compound that has shown neuroprotective properties, and has been reported to prevent aging and improve memory. While the mechanism(s) underlying these effects are unclear, they may be related to increases in neural plasticity. Morphological changes have been reported in neuronal dendrites in the limbic system in animals and elderly humans with cognitive impairment. In this regard, there is a need to use alternative therapies that delay the onset of morphologies and behavioral characteristics of aging. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of curcuma on cognitive processes and dendritic morphology of neurons in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), the CA1 and CA3 regions of the dorsal hippocampus, the dentate gyrus, and the basolateral amygdala (BLA) of aged rats. 18‐month‐old rats were administered curcuma (100 mg/kg) daily for 60 days. After treatment, recognition memory was assessed using the novel object recognition test. Curcuma‐treated rats showed a significant increase in the exploration quotient. Dendritic morphology was assessed by Golgi–Cox staining and followed by Sholl analysis. Curcuma‐treated rats showed a significant increase in dendritic spine density and dendritic length in pyramidal neurons of the PFC, the CA1 and CA3, and the BLA. The preservation of dendritic morphology was positively correlated with cognitive improvements. Our results suggest that curcuma induces modification of dendritic morphology in the aforementioned regions. These changes may explain how curcuma slows the aging process that has already begun in these animals, preventing deterioration in neuronal morphology of the limbic system and recognition memory.
Distribution of type I corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF1) receptors on GABAergic neurons within the basolateral amygdala
Authors: Calakos Katina C. , Blackman Dakota , Schulz Alexandra M. , Bauer Elizabeth P. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe neuropeptide corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF) plays a critical role in mediating anxiety‐like responses to stressors, and dysfunction of the CRF system has been linked to the etiology of several psychiatric disorders. Extra‐hypothalamic CRF can also modulate learning and memory formation, including amygdala‐dependent learning. The basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) contains dense concentrations of CRF receptors, yet the distribution of these receptors on specific neuronal subtypes within the BLA has not been characterized. Here, we quantified the expression of CRF receptors on three nonoverlapping classes of GABAergic interneurons: those containing the calcium‐binding protein parvalbumin (PV), and those expressing the neuropeptides somatostatin (SOM) or cholecystokinin (CCK). While the majority of PV+ neurons and roughly half of CCK+ neurons expressed CRF receptors, they were expressed to a much lesser extent on SOM+ interneurons. Knowledge of the distribution of CRF receptors within the BLA can provide insight into how manipulations of the CRF system modulate fear and anxiety‐like behaviors.
Lethal Repetition
Authors: Dyer Richard 
Published: December 2016

Shifting the focus away from the US, which is often seen as the home of the serial killer, expression of characteristic aspects of humanity, masculinity, or our times.
Richard Dyer investigates this paradox, focusing on the notion at its heart: seriality. He considers the aesthetics of the repetition of nastiness and how this relates to the perceptions and anxieties that images of serial killing highlight in the societies that produce them.
Shifting the focus away from the US, which is often seen as the home of the serial killer, Lethal Repetition instead examines serial killing in European culture and cinema – ranging from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean and from Britain to Romania. Spanning all brows of cinema – including avant-garde, art, mainstream and trash – Dyer provides case studies on Jack the Ripper, the equation of Nazism with serial killing, and the Italian giallo film to explore what this marginal and uncommon crime is being made to mean on European screens.
High-yield production of aryl alcohol oxidase under limited growth conditions in small-scale systems using a mutant Aspergillus nidulans strain
Authors: Pardo-Planas Oscar , Prade Rolf A , Wilkins Mark R 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Aryl alcohol oxidase (MtGloA) is an enzyme that belongs to the ligninolytic consortium and can play an important role in the bioenergy industry. This study investigated production of an MtGloA client enzyme by a mutant strain of Aspergillus nidulans unable to synthesize its own pyridoxine. Pyridoxine limitation can be used to control cell growth, diverting substrate to protein production. In agitated culture, enzyme production was similar when using media with 1 mg/L and without pyridoxine (26.64 ± 6.14 U/mg mycelia and 26.14 ± 8.39 U/mg mycelia using media with and without pyridoxine, respectively). However, the treatment lacking pyridoxine had to be supplemented with pyridoxine after 156 h of fermentation to sustain continued enzyme production. Use of extremely diluted pyridoxine levels allowed reduced fungal growth while maintaining steady enzyme production. Concentrations of 9 and 13.5 µg/L pyridoxine allowed MtGloA production with a growth rate of only 5% of that observed when using the standard 1 mg/L pyridoxine media.