bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal Latin hypercube sampling-based surrogate model in NAPLs contaminated groundwater remediation optimization process
Authors: Luo Jiannan , Ji Yefei , Lu Wenxi , Wang He 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
A surrogate model based groundwater optimization model was developed to solve the non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) contaminated groundwater remediation optimization problem. To illustrate the impact of sampling method improvement to the surrogate model performance improvement, aiming at a nitrobenzene contaminated groundwater remediation problem, optimal Latin hypercube sampling (OLHS) method was introduced to sample data in the input variables feasible region, and a radial basis function artificial neural network was used to construct a surrogate model. Considering the surrogate model's uncertainty, a chance-constrained programming (CCP) model was constructed, and it was solved by genetic algorithm. The results showed the following, for the problem considered in this study. (1) Compared with the Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) method, the OLHS method improves the space-filling degree of sample points considerably. (2) The effects of the two sampling methods on surrogate model performance were analyzed through comparison of goodness of fit, residual and uncertainty. The results indicated that the OLHS-based surrogate model performed better than the LHS-based surrogate model. (3) The optimal remediation strategies at 99%, 95%, 90%, 85%, 80% and 50% confidence levels were obtained, which showed that the remediation cost increased with the confidence level. This work would be helpful for increasing surrogate model performance and lowering the risk of a groundwater remediation strategy.
Compressive Strength Study on the Freeze-thaw Resistance of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Members
Authors: Niu Haicheng , Wang Yonggui , Zhang Xianggang , Yin Xiaojing 
Published: June 2017

Introduction:
Freeze-thaw resistance of recycled aggregate concrete with partial or total replacement of recycled aggregate compared with that of natural aggregate concrete was investigated in this paper.

Method:
Ninety specimens were fabricated to study the influence of different recycled aggregate replacement ratios on the surface scaling, mass loss, and residual compressive strength after 100 freeze-thaw cycles.

Results:
The experiment results indicate that the type of recycled aggregate and its replacement ratio have significant effects on the freeze-thaw performance. The cubic compressive strength of recycled aggregate concrete is overall slightly lower than that of normal concrete. After 100 freeze-thaw cycles, the compressive strength decreases and the reduction extent increases with increasing replacement rate of recycled aggregate. The surface scaling of reinforced recycled concrete prisms tends to be more severe with the increase of freeze-thaw cycles.

Conclusion:
Furthermore, a notable rise in mass loss and the bearing capacity loss is also found as the substitution ratio increases. Under the same replacement rate, recycled fine aggregate causes more negative effects on the freeze-thaw resistance than recycled coarse aggregate.
Clinical Effectiveness of Using Aesthetic Fixed Prosthetic Appliances with Combined Occlusal Surface
Authors: Biben Andrii , Ozhohan Zinovii 
Published: June 2017

The objective of the research was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of using aesthetic fixed prosthetic appliances with combined occlusal surface.Materials and methods. The study included 30 patients who were divided into 2 groups: Group I included 20 patients with combined occlusal surface of the crowns; Group II included 22 patients with ceramic occlusal surface of the crowns. The patients were observed 3, 6 and 12 months after prosthetic repair.Results. 6 months after prosthetic repair, the occlusal contact surface area in Group I increased by 0.79%, while in Group II, it increased by 1.4%.12 months after prosthetic repair, the occlusal contact surface area in Group I and Group II increased by 2.37% and 5%, respectively.The aforementioned data indicated that the occlusal contact surface area increased as the period of ceramic fixed prosthetic appliance wearing increased.When combining the occlusal surface in dental prostheses, the occlusal contact surface area increased approximately 2 times slower. The study demonstrated convincingly that crowns burnt on a zirconium dioxide frame were a better choice as compared to cast framework made of nickel-cobalt-chrome alloy. In case of cast frameworks, the indicators of crown margin discrepancy were worse than in case of milled frameworks - 15% versus 5%, respectively. In addition, one cast framework crown (5%) in Group II was remodeled and one crown (5%) was recemented.Conclusions. Aesthetic fixed prosthetic appliances with combined occlusal surface demonstrated high functional and aesthetic characteristics. The use of the USHPS system showed a decisive advantage of milled frameworks and combined occlusal surface over traditional cast ceramic frameworks.The combination of high mechanical, strength and tribological properties of zirconium dioxide and high biological as well as aesthetic properties of ceramic materials helped reveal high clinical characteristics of aesthetic appliances with combined occlusal surface.
Calcium-Sensing Receptor Genotype and Response to Cinacalcet in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Authors: Moe Sharon M. , Wetherill Leah , Decker Brian Scott , Lai Dongbing , Abdalla Safa , Long Jin , Vatta Matteo , Foroud Tatiana M. , Chertow Glenn M. 
Published: June 2017

Background and objectives
We tested the hypothesis that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) alter the response to the calcimimetic cinacalcet.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We analyzed DNA samples in the Evaluation of Cinacalcet HCl Therapy to Lower Cardiovascular Events (EVOLVE) trial, a randomized trial comparing cinacalcet to placebo on a background of usual care. Of the 3883 patients randomized, 1919 (49%) consented to DNA collection, and samples from 1852 participants were genotyped for 18 CASR polymorphisms. The European ancestry (EA; n=1067) and African ancestry (AfAn; n=405) groups were assessed separately. SNPs in CASR were tested for their association with biochemical measures of mineral metabolism at baseline, percent change from baseline to 20 weeks, and risk of clinical fracture as dependent variables.

Results
There were modest associations of CASR SNPs with increased baseline serum parathyroid hormone and bone alkaline phosphatase primarily with the minor allele in the EA group (all P≤0.03), but not in the AfAn sample. In contrast, there was a modest association of decreased baseline serum calcium and FGF23 with CASR SNPs (P=0.04) primarily with the minor allele in the AfAn but not in the EA sample. The minor allele of two SNPs was associated with decreased percent reduction in parathyroid hormone from baseline to 20 weeks in the EA population (P<0.04) and this was not altered with cinacalcet. In both EA and AfAn, the same SNP (rs9740) was associated with decreased calcium with cinacalcet treatment (EA and AfAn P≤0.03). Three SNPs in high linkage disequilibrium were associated with a higher risk of clinical fracture that was attenuated by cinacalcet treatment in the EA sample (P<0.04).

Conclusions
These modest associations, if validated, may provide explanations for differences in CKD–mineral bone disorder observed in EA and AfAn populations, and for differential biochemical responses to calcimimetics.
Centro de Ingeniería y Desarrollo Industrial
Authors: González Hernández Jesús 
Published: June 2017

<p class="p1"> <strong>RESUMEN: </strong>CIDESI es un centro de ingeniería, perteneciente al Sistema de Centros Públicos del CONACyT, fundado hace 33 años. Está organizado en 4 direcciones adjuntas, 6 direcciones temáticas y 5 sedes: Querétaro, Nuevo León, Estado de México, Baja California y Campeche. En el periodo 2009-2015, obtuvo 137 proyectos autorizados del Programa de Estímulos a la Innovación, ubicándose en cuarto lugar de los Centros Públicos. Ha incursionado en la nanotecnología con el diseño, instalación y puesta en operación de plantas piloto para la síntesis de nanopartículas de TiO<span class="s2"><sub>2</sub></span>, óxidos metálicos y nanotubos de carbono. Actualmente, se buscan nuevas propiedades en fibras de carbono, baterías de litio, adhesivos y matrices poliméricas por incorporación de diversos nanomateriales. Cuenta con dos programas de maestría y uno de doctorado en el Padrón del Programa Nacional de Posgrados de Calidad, 21 investigadores en el Sistema Nacional de Investigadores y es incubadora del Laboratorio Nacional de Investigación en Tecnologías del Frío, el Centro Nacional de Tecnologías Aeronáuticas y el Laboratorio para el Diseño y Fabricación de Sistemas Microelectromecánicos (MEMS).</p>
Contributions to the knowledge of the Biology of the Arabian Abalone Haliotis mariae Wood, 1828
Authors: Stirn J. , AI-Hashmi K. A. 
Published: June 2017

The Arabian abalone occur in the Arabian Sea’s rocky coastal zone in association with conspicuous macrolgal communities in which it represents the dominant herbivorous component. Despite such ecological importance and although the commercial exploitation of abalone presents a considerable contribution to Omani fisheries, almost nothing is known about the biology of this species. This report presents results of research carried out in the field and with laboratory cultures, and draws general conclusions related also to the fisheries management of these possibly overexploited abalone populations, Cobort observations in the field and measured increments of cultured specimens showed a growth rate significantly higher than in other abalone species, i.e. greater than 3 mm shell-increment per month. The very early sexual maturity demonstrated by captivity spawnings of approximately one year old animals is also quite unusual. The ejected eggs formed mucous mono layers attached to the substratum whereas other abalone species produce pelagic eggs. Jvenile coborts in nature and the periodic spawning of cultured animals indicate the major spawning in spring and postmonsoon one in autumn. The models previously applied in fisheries management of abalone in Oman assumed only one spawning per year, the first being at age 2+, and a slower growth-rate. These models should be reconsidered using the new data, which may partially explain why abalone are less overexploited than one would expect looking at heavy harvesting. In view of a projected commercial abalone cultivation our laboratory rearing experiments showed that both natural and/or artificial food may be used, provided this contains-apart from standard ingredients, the seaweed-borne components (probably phycobillins) required for a normal parasite , resistant shell formation. With regard to artificial reproduction, our preliminary trials showed that spawning , fertilization ,and initial larval rearing present no problems. The steps from the pediveliger to larval settlement, however ,seem to be fatally exposed to eilitate attacks. Further research is needed in order to eliminate this critical problem.
Improvement of Animal Production by Altering the Environment of the Animal
Authors: Armstrong D. V. 
Published: June 2017

Hot weather causes heat stress in dairy cattle. The resultant decrease in milk production and reproductive efficiency ca be offset by implementation of a program consisting of cooling through shades, ventilation , evaporative coolers and spray and fans. Corral shade would be consistent to be essential to reduce stress. Feed line shade will improve dry matter intake and milk production. Holding pen cooling with spray and fans is cost effective, even in moderate climate. Shade cooling using evaporative or spray and fans is cost effective, if milk price is competitive to world price. The economic benefit should be determined before installation of equipment to reduce hear stress.
Animal Breeding Considerations for Improved Animal Performance in Hot Environments
Authors: Fuquay J. W. 
Published: June 2017

A variety of options are available for improved performance including altering genotype with genetic improvement of indigenous breeds through selective breeding; upgrading through crossbreeding of indigenous females with semen from genetically superior exotic males with a possible goal of developing a new breed; and introduction of new breeds through transfer of embryos from genetically superior exotic breeds into indigenous females or importation of exotic animals of the desired breeding. Each option has its advantages and disadvantages. The most rapid gains mightbe possible new environment can be a problem. In the interest of adaptation and survival, systems that utilize the maternal influences of indigenous females are advantageous. In consideration of this maternal influences along with rate of improvement and potential for extensive improvement, both crossbreeding programs that use semen from genetically superior exotic males and those that involve transfer of genetically superior embryo survival and neonatal survival will affect management of any option chosen for genetic improvement but should be of less concern in programs that utilize indigenous females.
Discursos do nacional no romance brasileiro contemporâneo: Dois irmãos e Cidade de Deus
Authors: Mata Anderson Luís Nunes da 
Published: June 2017

As relações entre as imagens do nacional e o romance brasileiro contemporâneo oscilam entre a crítica à tradição de fazer representar a nação na narrativa e a adesão a modelos estabelecidos no século XIX. O artigo discute como os romances Cidade de Deus , de Paulo Lins, e Dois irmãos, de Milton Hatoum, representam uma permanência da relação entre o romance e a representação da nação por meio de aspectos temáticos e formais.
A study on rational drugs prescribing in General out Patient Department (GOPD) BPKIHS, a tertiary care teaching University at Dharan, Eastern part of Nepal
Authors: Rai Bijendra Kumar , Rai B , Pun S , Mahat S , Sharma M K , Shingh S S 
Published: June 2017

Background: A prescription is standard form that is used by doctors to prescribe medicines. A prescription done ideally include some demographic profile and detail instructions of what medicines should be given to whom, what formulations, how much doses, by which route, when, how frequently and for how long. The rational drugs prescribing and prescription writing is important in patient care. The incomplete prescription and irrational drugs would be harmful to patient. The WHO has defined rational use of medicines as requiring that “patients receive medications appropriate to their clinical needs, in doses that meet their own requirements for an adequate period of time at the lowest cost to them and their community.” Assessment of prescription pattern helps in formulating prescribing policies of the institution. Objective: The study aims to finding out the prescription writing skill on the base rational drug prescribing in GOPD, BPKIHS.Method: A cross sectional study was conducted in GOPD, BPKIHS, in two week period from 13th July 2012 to 27th July 2012. A semi structured questionnaire was used to document difficult variables and interviewing the patients. A total number of 100 prescriptions were analyzed and the same number determined.Results: The number of male and female patients was 57 and 43 respectively. The minimum age recorded was 15 and maximum age 85. The mean age was 38.64 ±18.702 (range 15-85 years). General physical examination and systemic examination were mentioned in 63 and 72% cases respectively. Likewise 91 % cases were advised for laboratory investigations. Provisional and final diagnoses were mentioned in 49% and 54% respectively. Forty-six patients were treated on empirical basis. Six percent of patients were prescribed more 5 items, 18% patients. 4 items and 36 % patients were prescribed 3 items of drugs. Only 31% patients were prescribed 2 items of drugs that would meet the criteria of World Health Organization guide to prescription. Common side effects of prescribed drugs were not mentioned in 84$ patients. Drug prescribing in the GOPD of BPKIHS is not as per the WHO guidelines with many missing important details. Seventeen percent of patients had no recall, only 29% of patients had excellent recall for how to take prescribed medicines. In 51% patients special advises related with prescribed drugs were provided. The follow up visit was mentioned in 78% patients. Seventy percent patients did not known the name of treating doctors and 58% patients were happy with the doctor’s consultation.Conclusion: A majority of the doctors were not able to correctly define rational drugs prescribing and there is missing many important details in prescription writing. Therefore an educational intervention regarding the rational drug prescribing and prescription writing skills should be carried out in all doctors working in GOPD.Health Renaissance 2015;13(2): 72-79
Mechanical and physiological effect of partial pressure suit: Experiment and numerical study
Authors: Yang Tao , Ding Li , Zhang Haibo , Xue Lihao , Zhang Wei , Chen Lianyun , Xiao Huajun , Qiao Huiting 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND: During high-altitude flight, the protection of the pilot is vital. A partial pressure suit may affect human physiology, especially circulatory physiology. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate how a partial pressure suit works. METHOD: Ten subjects took part in the flight simulation experiments. Counter pressure at the chest, abdomen, thigh and shank were detected, together with physiological parameters such as heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO) and total peripheral resistance (TPR). A numerical model was also established to simulate hemo-physiological effects of the partial pressure suit. RESULTS: The experiment’s results show the non-uniform counter pressure distribution in different parts of the body. There is a linear, proportional relation between TPR and the pressurizing level. HR and MAP increase along with that of the pressure level. SV and CO decrease with the increase of the pressure level. The numerical model simulated the physiological effect of a partial pressure suit. The results were verified by experiment data. The simulation estimated the change of blood flow with the pressure level. CONCLUSIONS: The numerical model provides a potential way to improve the protection of pilots.
Active Luminous Blue Variables in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Walborn Nolan R. , Gamen Roberto C. , Morrell Nidia I. , Barbá Rodolfo H. , Lajús Eduardo Fernández , Angeloni Rodolfo 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We present extensive spectroscopic and photometric monitoring of two famous and currently highly active luminous blue variables (LBVs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), together with more limited coverage of three further, lesser known members of the class. R127 was discovered as an Ofpe/WN9 star in the 1970s but entered a classical LBV outburst in or about 1980 that is still in progress, thus enlightening us about the minimum state of such objects. R71 is currently the most luminous star in the LMC and continues to provide surprises, such as the appearance of [Ca ii] emission lines, as its spectral type becomes unprecedentedly late. Most recently, R71 has developed inverse P Cyg profiles in many metal lines. The other objects are as follows: HDE 269582, now a “second R127” that has been followed from Ofpe/WN9 to A type in its current outburst; HDE 269216, which changed from late B in 2014 to AF in 2016, its first observed outburst; and R143 in the 30 Doradus outskirts. The light curves and spectroscopic transformations are correlated in remarkable detail and their extreme reproducibility is emphasized, both for a given object and among all of them. It is now believed that some LBVs proceed directly to core collapse. One of these unstable LMC objects may thus oblige in the near future, teaching us even more about the final stages of massive stellar evolution.
The Eccentric Kozai–Lidov Mechanism for Outer Test Particle
Authors: Naoz Smadar , Li Gongjie , Zanardi Macarena , de Elía Gonzalo Carlos , Di Sisto Romina P. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The secular approximation of the hierarchical three body systems has been proven to be very useful in addressing many astrophysical systems, from planets to stars to black holes. In such a system, two objects are on a tight orbit and the tertiary is on a much wider orbit. Here, we study the dynamics of a system by taking the tertiary mass to zero and solve the hierarchical three body system up to the octupole level of approximation. We find a rich dynamics that the outer orbit undergoes due to gravitational perturbations from the inner binary. The nominal result of the precession of the nodes is mostly limited for the lowest order of approximation; however, when the octupole level of approximation is introduced, the system becomes chaotic, as expected, and the tertiary oscillates below and above 90°, similarly to the non-test particle flip behavior. We provide the Hamiltonian of the system and investigate the dynamics of the system from the quadrupole to the octupole level of approximations. We also analyze the chaotic and quasi-periodic orbital evolution by studying the surfaces of sections. Furthermore, including general relativity, we showcase the long-term evolution of individual debris disk particles under the influence of a far-away interior eccentric planet. We show that this dynamics can naturally result in retrograde objects and a puffy disk after a long timescale evolution (a few Gyr) for initially aligned configuration.
Numerical Study of Erosion, Heating, and Acceleration of the Magnetic Cloud as Impacted by Fast Shock
Authors: Mao Shoudi , He Jiansen , Zhang Lei , Yang Liping , Wang Linghua 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The impact of an overtaking fast shock on a magnetic cloud (MC) is a pivotal process in CME–CME (CME: coronal mass ejection) interactions and CME–SIR (SIR: stream interaction region) interactions. MC with a strong and rotating magnetic field is usually deemed a crucial part of CMEs. To study the impact of a fast shock on an MC, we perform a 2.5 dimensional numerical magnetohydrodynamic simulation. Two cases are run in this study: without and with impact by fast shock. In the former case, the MC expands gradually from its initial state and drives a relatively slow magnetic reconnection with the ambient magnetic field. Analyses of forces near the core of the MC as a whole body indicates that the solar gravity is quite small compared to the Lorentz force and the pressure gradient force. In the second run, a fast shock propagates, relative to the background plasma, at a speed twice that of the perpendicular fast magnetosonic speed, catches up with and takes over the MC. Due to the penetration of the fast shock, the MC is highly compressed and heated, with the temperature growth rate enhanced by a factor of about 10 and the velocity increased to about half of the shock speed. The magnetic reconnection with ambient magnetic field is also sped up by a factor of two to four in reconnection rate as a result of the enhanced density of the current sheet, which is squeezed by the forward motion of the shocked MC.