bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GaInP/AlGaAs metal‐wrap‐through tandem concentrator solar cells
Authors: Oliva Eduard , Salvetat Thierry , Jany Christophe , Thibon Romain , Helmers Henning , Steiner Marc , Schachtner Michael , Beutel Paul , Klinger Vera , Moulet Jean‐Sebastien , Dimroth Frank 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIII–V multi‐junction solar cells are promising devices for photovoltaic applications under very high concentration levels of sunlight. Shadowing losses of the front side metallisation and ohmic resistance losses in the metal grid limit the practical cell size typically to around 1 cm2 at 1000 suns. The use of a full back‐contact architecture, similar to the metal‐wrap‐through (MWT) technology known in silicon photovoltaics, can help to overcome this limitation. Furthermore, positioning both the positive and negative contact pads on the rear side of concentrator solar cells opens the possibility for efficient packaging solutions and the realisation of dense array receivers with low metal shadowing. The MWT technology addresses conventional concentrating photovoltaics as well as combined conventional concentrating photovoltaic‐thermal applications and offers specific advantages for large‐area devices at high intensities. This work presents the first experimental results for MWT architectures applied to III–V tandem solar cells and discusses specific challenges. An efficiency of 28.3% at 176 suns and 27.2% at 800 suns has been measured for the best MWT Ga0.51In0.49P/Al0.03Ga0.97As tandem solar cells. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Depression treatment and healthcare expenditures among elderly Medicare beneficiaries with newly diagnosed depression and incident breast, colorectal, or prostate cancer
Authors: Alwhaibi Monira , Sambamoorthi Usha , Madhavan Suresh , Walkup James T. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectivesDepression is associated with high healthcare expenditures, and depression treatment may reduce healthcare expenditures. However, to date, there have not been any studies on the effect of depression treatment on healthcare expenditures among cancer survivors. Therefore, this study examined the association between depression treatment and healthcare expenditures among elderly with depression and incident cancer.MethodsThe current study used a retrospective longitudinal study design, the linked Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare database. Elderly (≥66 years) fee‐for‐service Medicare beneficiaries with newly diagnosed depression and incident breast, colorectal, or prostate cancer (N = 1502) were followed for a period of 12 months after depression diagnosis. Healthcare expenditures were measured every month for a period of 12‐month follow‐up period. Depression treatment was identified during the 6‐month follow‐up period. The adjusted associations between depression treatment and healthcare expenditures were analyzed with generalized linear mixed model regressions with gamma distribution and log link after controlling for other factors.ResultsThe average 1‐year total healthcare expenditures after depression diagnosis were $38 219 for those who did not receive depression treatment; $42 090 for those treated with antidepressants only; $46 913 for those treated with psychotherapy only; and $51 008 for those treated with a combination of antidepressants and psychotherapy. As compared to no depression treatment, those who received antidepressants only, psychotherapy only, or a combination of antidepressants and psychotherapy had higher healthcare expenditures. However, second‐year expenditures did not significantly differ among depression treatment categories.ConclusionsAmong cancer survivors with newly diagnosed depression, depression treatment did not have a significant effect on expenditures in the long term.
Facing spousal cancer during child‐rearing years: The short‐term effects of the Cancer‐PEPSONE programme—a single‐center randomized controlled trial
Authors: Senneseth Mette , Dyregrov Atle , Laberg Jon , Matthiesen Stig B. , Pereira Mariana , Hauken May A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo measure the short‐term effects of the Cancer‐PEPSONE programme (CPP) on the partners' received and perceived social support, psychological distress, and quality of life (QOL), as well as explore the role of received social support as a mediator of the intervention effects.MethodsOpen single‐center randomized controlled trial, trial number 15982171(ISRCTN). Eligible participants were the partners of cancer patients who were concomitantly caring for minors (the well parents). The sample consisted of 35 participants randomly allocated to receive either intervention (n = 17) or support as usual (n = 18). At the 3‐month follow‐up (approximately 1 month after intervention), 24 continued to participate (intervention n = 13, control n = 11). The intervention group selected supporters to participate in CPP (N = 130). Data were obtained using validated questionnaire.ResultsThe multivariate analysis of covariance revealed significant intervention effects (P = .03, η2p = 0.42), with main effects on received and perceived social support. A mediational analysis suggested that CPP may have indirect effects on QOL through received social support.ConclusionsEven though the long‐term effects are yet to be studied, CPP seems to increase social support for the well parents' short term, which in turn may improve their QOL. Given the study's low sample size, further replications in larger samples are required.
Importance to question sinonasal symptoms and to perform rhinoscopy and rhinomanometry in cystic fibrosis patients
Authors: Bock J.M. , Schien M. , Fischer C. , Naehrlich L. , Kaeding M. , Guntinas‐Lichius O. , Gerber A. , Arnold C. , Mainz J.G. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryObjectivesCystic fibrosis (CF) patients almost regularly reveal sinonasal pathology. The purpose of this study was to assess association between objective and subjective measurements of sinonasal involvement comparing nasal airflow obtained by active anterior rhinomanometry (AAR), nasal endoscopic findings, and symptoms assessed with the Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test‐20 (SNOT‐20).MethodsNasal cavities were explored by anterior rigid rhinoscopy and findings were compared to inspiratory nasal airflow measured by AAR to quantify nasal patency and subjective health‐related quality of life in sinonasal disease obtained with the SNOT‐20 questionnaire. Relations to upper and lower airway colonization with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, medical treatment, and sinonasal surgery were analysed.ResultsA total of 124 CF patients were enrolled (mean age 19.9 ± 10.4 years, range 4–65 years). A significant association of detection of nasal polyposis (NP) in rhinoscopy was found with increased primary nasal symptoms (PNS) which include “nasal obstruction,” “sneezing,” “runny nose,” “thick nasal discharge,” and “reduced sense of smell.” At the same time patients with pathologically decreased airflow neither showed elevated SNOT‐20 scores nor abnormal rhinoscopic findings. Altogether, rhinomanometric and rhinoscopic findings are not significantly related.ConclusionsAmong SNOT‐20 scores the PNS subscore is related to rhinoscopically detected polyposis and sinonasal secretion. Therefore, we recommend including short questions regarding PNS into CF‐routine care. At the same time our results show that a high inspiratory airflow is not associated with a good sensation of nasal patency. Altogether, rhinomanometry is not required within routine CF‐care, but it can be interesting as an outcome parameter within clinical trials. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:167–174. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electronic structure and ultrafast dynamics of FeAs‐based superconductors by angle‐ and time‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy
Authors: Avigo I. , Thirupathaiah S. , Rienks E. D. L. , Rettig L. , Charnukha A. , Ligges M. , Cortes R. , Nayak J. , Jeevan H. S. , Wolf T. , Huang Y. , Wurmehl S. , Sturza M. I. , Gegenwart P. , Golden M. S. , Yang L. X. , Rossnagel K. , Bauer M. , Büchner B. , Vojta M. , Wolf M. , Felser C. , Fink J. , Bovensiepen U. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this article, we review our angle‐ and time‐resolved photoemission studies (ARPES and trARPES) on various ferropnictides. In the ARPES studies, we focus first on the band structure as a function of control parameters. We find near optimally “doped” compounds a Lifshitz transition of hole/electron pocket vanishing type. Second, we investigated the inelastic scattering rates as a function of the control parameter. In contrast to the heavily discussed quantum critical scenario, we find no enhancement of the scattering rate near optimally “doping.” Correlation effects which show up by the non‐Fermi‐liquid behavior of the scattering rates, together with the Lifshitz transition offer a new explanation for the strange normal state properties and suggests an interpolating superconducting state between BCS and BE condensation. Adding femtosecond time resolution to ARPES provides complementary information on electron and lattice dynamics. We report on the response of the chemical potential by a collective periodic variation coupled to coherent optical phonons in combination with incoherent electron and phonon dynamics described by a three temperature heat bath model. We quantify electron phonon coupling in terms of and show that the analysis of the electron excess energy relaxation is a robust approach. The spin density wave ordering leads to a pronounced momentum dependent relaxation dynamics. In the vicinity of , hot electrons dissipate their energy by electron–phonon coupling with a characteristic time constant of 200 fs. Electrons at the center of the hole pocket exhibit a four time slower relaxation which is explained by spin‐dependent dynamics with its smaller relaxation phase space. This finding has implications beyond the material class of Fe‐pnictides because it establishes experimental access to spin‐dependent dynamics in materials with spin density waves.
Estimating time‐dependent ROC curves using data under prevalent sampling
Authors: Li Shanshan 
Published: November 2016

Prevalent sampling is frequently a convenient and economical sampling technique for the collection of time‐to‐event data and thus is commonly used in studies of the natural history of a disease. However, it is biased by design because it tends to recruit individuals with longer survival times. This paper considers estimation of time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic curves when data are collected under prevalent sampling. To correct the sampling bias, we develop both nonparametric and semiparametric estimators using extended risk sets and the inverse probability weighting techniques. The proposed estimators are consistent and converge to Gaussian processes, while substantial bias may arise if standard estimators for right‐censored data are used. To illustrate our method, we analyze data from an ovarian cancer study and estimate receiver operating characteristic curves that assess the accuracy of the composite markers in distinguishing subjects who died within 3–5 years from subjects who remained alive. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Causal inference based fault localization for numerical software with NUMFL
Authors: Bai Zhuofu , Shu Gang , Podgurski Andy 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThis paper presents NUMFL, a value‐based causal inference technique for localizing faults in numerical software. NUMFL combines causal and statistical analyses to characterize the causal effects of individual numerical expressions on output errors. Given value‐profiles for an expression's variables, NUMFL uses generalized propensity scores or covariate balancing propensity scores to reduce confounding bias caused by evaluation of other, faulty expressions. It estimates the average failure‐causing effect of an expression using statistical regression models fit within generalized propensity score or covariate balancing propensity score subclasses (strata). This paper also reports on an empirical evaluation of NUMFL involving components from four Java numerical libraries, in which it was compared with five alternative statistical fault localization metrics. The results indicate that NUMFL is more effective than competitive statistical fault localization techniques. The results also indicate NUMFL that works surprisingly well with data from failing runs alone. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characteristics of day‐ahead wind power forecast errors in Nordic countries and benefits of aggregation
Authors: Miettinen Jari Johannes , Holttinen Hannele 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe growing proportion of wind power in the Nordic power system increases day‐ahead forecasting errors, which have a link to the rising need for balancing power. However, having a large interconnected synchronous power system has its benefits, because it enables to aggregate imbalances from large geographical areas. In this paper, day‐ahead forecast errors from four Nordic countries and the impacts of wind power plant dispersion on forecast errors in areas of different sizes are studied. The forecast accuracy in different regions depends on the amount of the total wind power capacity in the region, how dispersed the capacity is and the forecast model applied. Further, there is a saturation effect involved, after which the reduction in the relative forecast error is not very large anymore. The correlations of day‐ahead forecast errors between areas decline rapidly when the distance increases. All error statistics show a strong decreasing trend up to the area sizes of 50,000 km2. The average mean absolute error (MAE) in different regions is 5.7% of installed capacity. However, MAE of a smaller area can be over 8% of the capacity, but when all the Nordic regions are aggregated together, the capacity‐normalized MAE decreases to 2.5%. The average of the largest errors for different regions is 39.8% and when looking at the largest forecast errors for smaller areas, the largest errors can exceed 80% of the installed capacity, whereas at the Nordic level, the maximum forecast error is only 13.5% of the installed capacity. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of survey techniques on detection of northern flying squirrels
Authors: Diggins Corinne A. , Gilley L. Michelle , Kelly Christine A. , Ford W. Mark 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTThe ability to detect a species is central to the success of monitoring for conservation and management purposes, especially if the species is rare or endangered. Traditional methods, such as live capture, can be labor‐intensive, invasive, and produce low detection rates. Technological advances and new approaches provide opportunities to more effectively survey for species both in terms of accuracy and efficiency than previous methods. We conducted a pilot comparison study of a traditional technique (live‐trapping) and 2 novel noninvasive techniques (camera‐trapping and ultrasonic acoustic surveys) on detection rates of the federally endangered Carolina northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) in occupied habitat within the Roan Mountain Highlands of North Carolina, USA. In 2015, we established 3 5 × 5 live‐trapping grids (6.5 ha) with 4 camera traps and 4 acoustic detectors systematically embedded in each grid. All 3 techniques were used simultaneously during 2 4‐day survey periods. We compared techniques by assessing probability of detection (POD), latency to detection (LTD; i.e., no. of survey nights until initial detection), and survey effort. Acoustics had the greatest POD (0.37 ± 0.06 SE), followed by camera traps (0.30 ± 0.06) and live traps (0.01 ± 0.005). Acoustics had a lower LTD than camera traps (P = 0.017), where average LTD was 1.5 nights for acoustics and 3.25 nights for camera traps. Total field effort was greatest with live traps (111.9 hr) followed by acoustics (8.4 hr) and camera traps (9.6 hr), although processing and examination for data of noninvasive techniques made overall effort similar among the 3 methods. This pilot study demonstrated that both noninvasive methods were better rapid‐assessment detection techniques for flying squirrels than live traps. However, determining seasonal effects between survey techniques and further development of protocols for both noninvasive techniques is necessary prior to widespread application in the region. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Question mark ear deformity-revisited
Authors: Al-Qattan Mohammad M. , Al-Qattan Noha M. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
We report on two unusual cases of Cosman (question mark) ear; both required modifications of the standard techniques for surgical correction. The first patient presented with a unilateral question mark ear and concurrent ear prominence and bulging of the cartilage of the anti-helix. Simultaneous correction was done using a combination of cartilage suturing/scoring (for the prominence and the cartilage bulge) as well as Al-Qattan’s “v-y skin flap-cartilage graft-z-plasty” technique (for the correction of the ear cleft deformity). The second patient had aurico-condylar syndrome with bilateral ear deformity and complete separation of ear lobes from the external ear. Staged transposition followed by Al-Qattan’s technique resulted in a satisfactory outcome.
Level of evidence: Level V, therapeutic study.
Is Routine Prophylactic Cholecystectomy Necessary During Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer?
Authors: Kimura Jun , Kunisaki Chikara , Takagawa Ryo , Makino Hirochika , Ueda Michio , Ota Mitsuyoshi , Oba Mari , Kosaka Takashi , Akiyama Hirotoshi , Endo Itaru 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundPerforming routine prophylactic cholecystectomy during gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients has been controversial. The frequency of cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, and cholangitis after gastrectomy has not been reported for large patient populations, so we carried out this retrospective study to aid the assessment of the necessity for prophylactic cholecystectomy.MethodsThis retrospective study reviewed 969 patients with gastric cancer who underwent distal gastrectomies with Billroth I reconstructions (DG) or total gastrectomies with Roux‐en‐Y reconstructions (TG), preserving the gallbladder, between January 2000 and May 2012. Risk factors for cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, and cholangitis after gastrectomy were evaluated using logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe median follow‐up period after gastrectomy was 48 months (range 12–159 months). After gastrectomy, cholelithiasis occurred in 6.1% (59/969) patients and cholecystitis and/or cholangitis occurred in 1.2% (12/969) patients. The method used for gastrectomy was an independent risk factor for both cholelithiasis (TG/DG: OR (95%CI): 1.900 (1.114–3.240), p = 0.018) and cholecystitis and/or cholangitis (TG/DG: OR (95%CI): 8.325 (1.814–38.197), p = 0.006). In patients who developed cholelithiasis, the incidence of cholecystitis and/or cholangitis was 31.3% (10/32) after TG, but only 7.4% after DG.ConclusionsProphylactic cholecystectomy may be unnecessary in distal gastrectomy with Billroth I reconstruction.
The Effects of Intravenous Lidocaine Infusions on the Quality of Recovery and Chronic Pain After Robotic Thyroidectomy: A Randomized, Double‐Blinded, Controlled Study
Authors: Choi Kwan Woong , Nam Kee‐Hyun , Lee Jeong‐Rim , Chung Woong Youn , Kang Sang‐Wook , Joe Young Eun , Lee Jae Hoon 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe effect of the systemic lidocaine on postoperative recovery has not been definitively investigated despite its analgesic efficacy after surgery. The aim of this randomized, double‐blinded, controlled study was to evaluate the effect of intravenously administered lidocaine on the quality of recovery and on acute and chronic postoperative pain after robot‐assisted thyroidectomy.MethodsNinety patients who were undergoing robotic thyroidectomy were randomly assigned to the lidocaine or the control groups. The patients received 2 mg/kg of lidocaine followed by continuous infusions of 3 mg/kg/h of lidocaine (Group L) or the same volume of 0.9% normal saline (Group C) intravenously during anesthesia. The acute pain profiles and the quality of recovery, which was assessed using the quality of recovery‐40 questionnaire (QoR‐40), were evaluated for 2 days postoperatively. Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) and sensory disturbances at the surgical sites were evaluated 3 months after surgery.ResultsThe QoR‐40 and pain scores that were assessed during the 2 days that followed surgery were largely comparable between the groups. However, CPSP was more prevalent in the Group C than in the Group L (16/43 vs. 6/41; p = 0.025). The tactile sensory score 3 months after the operation was significantly greater in the Group L than in the Group C (7 vs. 5; p = 0.001).ConclusionSystemic lidocaine administration was associated with reductions in CPSP and sensory impairment after robot‐assisted thyroidectomy although it was not able to reduce acute postsurgical pain or improve the quality of recovery.Trial registry number NCT01907997 (http://clinicaltrials.gov).
Acetaldehyde kinetics of enological yeast during alcoholic fermentation in grape must
Authors: Li Erhu , Mira de Orduña Ramón 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAcetaldehyde strongly binds to the wine preservative SO2 and, on average, causes 50–70 mg l−1 of bound SO2 in red and white wines, respectively. Therefore, a reduction of bound and total SO2 concentrations necessitates knowledge of the factors that affect final acetaldehyde concentrations in wines. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the acetaldehyde production and degradation kinetics of 26 yeast strains of oenological relevance during alcoholic fermentation in must under controlled anaerobic conditions. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and non-Saccharomyces strains displayed similar metabolic kinetics where acetaldehyde reached an initial peak value at the beginning of fermentations followed by partial reutilization. Quantitatively, the range of values obtained for non-Saccharomyces strains greatly exceeded the variability among the S. cerevisiae strains tested. Non-Saccharomyces strains of the species C. vini, H. anomala, H. uvarum, and M. pulcherrima led to low acetaldehyde residues (&lt;10 mg l−1), while C. stellata, Z. bailii, and, especially, a S. pombe strain led to large residues (24–48 mg l−1). Acetaldehyde residues in S. cerevisiae cultures were intermediate and less dispersed (14–34 mg l−1). Addition of SO2 to Chardonnay must triggered significant increases in acetaldehyde formation and residual acetaldehyde. On average, 0.33 mg of residual acetaldehyde remained per mg of SO2 added to must, corresponding to an increase of 0.47 mg of bound SO2 per mg of SO2 added. This research demonstrates that certain non-Saccharomyces strains display acetaldehyde kinetics that would be suitable to reduce residual acetaldehyde, and hence, bound-SO2 levels in grape wines. The acetaldehyde formation potential may be included as strain selection argument in view of reducing preservative SO2 concentrations.