bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myco-nanotechnological approach to synthesize gold nanoparticles using a fungal endophyte, Penicillium oxalicum, and unravelling its antibacterial activity and anti-breast cancer role via metabolic reprogramming
Authors: Gupta Priyamvada , Chattopadhaya Amrit , Gautam Vibhav 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The present study has been designed to fabricate fungal endophyte-assisted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and elucidate their anti-breast cancer potential. The aqueous extract of fungal endophyte Penicillium oxalicum (PO), associated with the medicinal plant Amoora rohituka, was used for the fabrication of AuNPs (POAuNPs). Physico-chemical characterization using Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, Dynamic light scattering, Zeta potential, Transmission electron microscopy and Field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed stable, uniform distribution, spherical shape and crystalline nature of POAuNPs with a size range of 3–46 nm. Furthermore, the POAuNPs potentially inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacterial strains Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The synthesized POAuNPs have shown potential antioxidant effects against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide and nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging assays with an EC50 value of 8.875 ± 0.082, 52.593 ± 2.506 and 43.717 ± 1.449 µg mL−1, respectively. Moreover, the value of EC50 for the total antioxidant capacity of POAuNPs was found to be 23.667 ± 1.361 µg mL−1. The cell viability of human breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, was found to be reduced after treatment with POAuNPs, and IC50 values were found to be 19.753 ± 0.640 and 35.035 ± 0.439 µg mL−1, respectively. Further, in vitro biochemical assays revealed that POAuNPs induces metabolic reprogramming in terms of reduced glucose uptake, increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and, disruption of oxidative balance through depletion of glutathione levels, increased nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxidation levels as a possible pathway to suppress human breast cancer cell proliferation. Apoptosis-specific nuclear modulations induced by POAuNPs in human breast cancer cells were validated through 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) nuclear staining. The present investigation thus attempts to show the first ever fabrication of AuNPs using an aqueous extract of P. oxalicum associated with A. rohituka. The results revealed unique physico-chemical characteristics of mycogenic AuNPs, and screening their effect against breast cancer via metabolic reprogramming and induction of apoptosis thus adds great significance for cancer therapeutics, suggesting further exploration to develop nanotherapeutic drugs.
Incorporation of small extracellular vesicles in PEG/HA-Bio-Oss hydrogel composite scaffold for bone regeneration
Authors: Zheng Wenlong , Zhu Zhanchi , Hong Jing , Wang Hao , Cui Leisha , Zhai Yuanxin , Li Jiawei , Wang Chen , Wang Zhaojun , Xu Lunshan , Hao Ying , Cheng Guosheng , Ma Sancheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Stem cell derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have emerged as promising nanomaterials for the repair of bone defects. However, low retention of sEVs affects their therapeutic effects. Clinically used natural substitute inorganic bovine bone mineral (Bio-Oss) bone powder lacks high compactibility and efficient osteo-inductivity that limit its clinical application in repairing large bone defects. In this study, a poly ethylene glycol/hyaluronic acid (PEG/HA) hydrogel was used to stabilize Bio-Oss and incorporate rat bone marrow stem cell-derived sEVs (rBMSCs-sEVs) to engineer a PEG/HA-Bio-Oss (PEG/HA-Bio) composite scaffold. Encapsulation and sustained release of sEVs in hydrogel scaffold can enhance the retention of sEVs in targeted area, achieving long-lasting repair effect. Meanwhile, synergistic administration of sEVs and Bio-Oss in cranial defect can improve therapeutic effects. The PEG/HA-Bio composite scaffold showed good mechanical properties and biocompatibility, supporting the growth of rBMSCs. Furthermore, sEVs enhanced in vitro cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. Implantation of sEVs/PEG/HA-Bio in rat cranial defect model promoted in vivo bone regeneration, suggesting the great potential of sEVs/PEG/HA-Bio composite scaffold for bone repair and regeneration. Overall, this work provides a strategy of combining hydrogel composite scaffold systems and stem cell-derived sEVs for the application of tissue engineering repair.
The extracellular matrix with a continuous gradient of SDF1α guides the oriented migration of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Xu Zhongjuan , Geng Junsa , Liu Xingzhi , Zhao Zhe , Suo Dylan , Zhang Sheng , Zhong Junjie , Suo Guangli 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role in maintaining cell morphology and facilitating intercellular signal transmission within the human body. ECM has been extensively utilized for tissue injury repair. However, the consideration of factor gradients during ECM preparation has been limited. In this study, we developed a novel approach to generate sheet-like ECM with a continuous gradient of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1α). Briefly, we constructed fibroblasts to overexpress SDF1α fused with the collagen-binding domain (CBD-SDF1α), and cultured these cells on a slanted plate to establish a gradual density cell layer at the bottom surface. Subsequently, excess parental fibroblasts were evenly distributed on the plate laid flat to fill the room between cells. Following two weeks of culture, the monolayer cells were lyophilized to form a uniform ECM sheet possessing a continuous gradient of SDF1α. This engineered ECM material demonstrated its ability to guide oriented migration of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on the ECM sheet. Our simple yet effective method holds great potential for advancing research in regenerative medicine.
Assessment of Indonesia’s Position on the Net Zero Emission
Authors: Nugraha Adhitya , Siregar Hermanto , Fahmi Idqan , Asikin Zenal 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The research aims to answer the questions of Indonesia’s current position and condition concerning NZE compared to other countries globally. The research design employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology, adhering to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) protocol, which shows Indonesia’s absence of a national NZE strategy in the face of international imperatives calling for country-specific strategies. While multiple NZE roadmaps exist in Indonesia, an official roadmap tailored for national purposes is imperative. Environmental degradation tends to intensify during the initial phases of economic development. However, as per capita income exceeds a certain threshold, this degradation tends to diminish with increasing income levels. It is crucial to recognize that low-income countries, including Indonesia, may face significant challenges during the transition. This underscores the importance of global and national collaboration to address these issues effectively. There is a pressing need for establishing or formalizing an institution specifically dedicated to charting the roadmap for achieving NZE in Indonesia. Ultimately, it is essential to prioritize both energy security and affordability as overarching goals while continuing to advance sustainable energy initiatives.
Towards a Green and Inclusive Power Sector in the Greater Mekong Subregion
Authors: Thida Maung May , Senga Rafael , Phyo Aung Pyae , Zenobi Stefano , Thorncraft Stuart 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper examines the power sector and electricity market in the Greater Mekong subregion (GMS) and explores potential pathways for low-cost, low-carbon, and low-conflict development of the sector. The results show that implementing a smartly-designed regional power grid, combined with enhanced cross-border trade, can facilitate a transition to a 100 percent renewable electricity supply. It projects a three-fold increase in energy demand by 2050 and highlights the need for a transition to low-impact renewable electricity sources. It utilizes modelling tools to analyze four scenarios and assess their impacts on electricity cost, carbon emissions, and environmental and social aspects. Results indicate that a scenario combining an expanded regional grid and cross-border trade, increased share of non-hydro renewable energy sources and energy efficiency measures yields the best outcomes. This approach reduces sectoral emissions, lowers costs, and minimizes conflicts. The paper recommends establishing coordinated and functional regional institutions, ratifying a regional grid code, and promoting standardized cross-border power trade arrangements. In conclusion, the report highlights the relevance of a well-designed regional power grid and cross-border trade for a successful transition. Implementing the recommended measures can lead to a greener and more inclusive power sector, ensuring the region’s long-term energy security and environmental sustainability.
Sustainability Challenges: How Public Transport Supports Eco-Tourism Industries
Authors: Ayu Putu Adhiya Garini Putri Dewa , Budiarnaya Putu , Ariawan Putu , Wayan Dikse Pancane I , Nyoman Indra Kumara I , Wahyudi Oktavia Gama Adie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The public transport system is an essential aspect of the management of sustainable tourist destinations. A more efficient public transportation system enables better optimization to maximize economic earnings and support environmental and resource conservation. This paper presents a study analyzing the design of public transportation modes to support Eco-tourism industries in Gianyar Regency. This study employs the distribution of tourist destinations, tourist potential demand, and route optimation in eco-tourism tourist destinations using Vehicle Routing Problem. Additionally, a comprehensive analysis is undertaken to determine the emission cost of private vehicles and public vehicles. The results suggest that the planned tourist transportation involves using a medium size bus to travel from the tourist destination Yeh Pulu to Pura Tirta Empul with a total distance of 26.7 kilometers in the northern direction. Furthermore, the utilization of public transport in tourist destinations plays a vital role in mitigating traffic congestion and reducing the carbon footprint within the area. This is supported by the significant annual financial losses amounting to USD 341,303, which can be directly attributed to the emissions generated by private vehicles.
A System Architecture for Early Wilt Detection in Hydroponic Crops: An Implementation and Assessment
Authors: Wayan Aditya Suranata I , Putu Widia Prasetia I , Nengah Riana I , Wayan Sutama I , Wira Putra Dananjaya Made , Luh Jaya Anggreni Ni 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Hydroponic farming systems have a high risk of failure if the disaster is not mitigated and responded to quickly. Hydroponic plants only rely on mineral water that flows through their roots as a source of life; thus, any malfunction will have an immediate impact on the plant. If plant wilting is not recognized and not treated quickly, the plant will experience stress and have the potential to fail. To ensure that major disasters do not occur, an early warning mechanism is needed that can provide disaster information to farmers. In this study, an intelligent system architecture was built to detect premature wilt in hydroponic vegetable plants. It combines the capabilities offered by the OV2640 image sensor and ESP32-S system-on-chip, the Internet of Things, deep learning based on convolutional neural networks, and cloud computing to create a robust and low-cost remote plant condition monitoring solution. As a proof-of-concept, a prototype system is built, and performance tests are carried out to find out how robust and effective the proposed design is. Based on the results of the prototype test, it can be seen that the system built can run properly with an accuracy of wilting recognition of up to 90.90%, which was tested on samples of vertically grown mustard plants in a hydroponic greenhouse.
State-of-the-Art of Floating PV Development in the Indonesian Waters
Authors: Angelin Naiborhu Maria , Mukhlis Firdaus Ahmad , Putra Bakti Farid , Lukman Tawekal Ricky , Charnius Ilman Eko 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on reducing Indonesia’s reliance on fossil fuels for electricity generation by promoting the development of renewable energy-based power plants. Among the renewable energy sources, solar energy holds great potential in Indonesia, given its abundant availability throughout the year. This presents favourable prospects for the establishment of solar photovoltaic (PV) power plants, both in ground-mounted and floating sub-structure configurations. However, the deployment of ground-mounted PV plants raises concerns regarding land usage, particularly for large-scale installations. Moreover, the environmental temperature in tropical regions like Indonesia can adversely affect the efficiency of PV panels in land installations. Water bodies offer an alternative location for PV installations to mitigate these challenges, as water can help alleviate the temperature impact on PV panels. Considering Indonesia’s archipelago geography, seas emerge as an attractive option for large-scale PV power plant development. However, numerous challenges arise when implementing floating PV (FPV) technology in open seas. This paper explores the ongoing advancements in marine FPV technology and addresses the challenges associated with installing FPV systems in Indonesian seas. These efforts aim to support the fundamental development of the country’s electricity infrastructure, encompassing aspects such as reliability, affordability, and social acceptability.
Assessing the Sectoral Economics Consequences of Carbon Price Using Price-Output Model Analysis
Authors: Salim Syed , Mardhiah Syarifah , Mustapa  , Indati Siti 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A carbon pricing policy is featured in the Twelfth Malaysia Plan as a considered measure for Malaysia to achieve its net-zero emissions goal by 2050.This study utilised price and output model analysis using Eora Multi-Region Input-Output Table 2016 (MRIO) database to assess the impact of carbon tax policy on price and output changes. The study reveals that the manufacturing sector is the most sensitive to the introduction of a carbon tax, with pronounced effects including a price escalation of 0.54% and a reduction in output of 0.81%. The ranks of sensitivity then followed by agriculture, services, mining and construction sector. the services sector presents a compelling opportunity for policymakers, offering a robust tax revenue stream while displaying lower vulnerability to the tax’s effects. This observation underscores the importance of a strategic approach in carbon tax policy, where the potential for revenue generation is balanced against the differential impacts on sectoral vulnerability. This study provides an insightful information for policymakers to develop strategic plans to ensure a smooth transition towards carbon pricing policy and foster sustainable economic development.
Investigating Consumer’s Attitudes Toward New Carbon Tax Regulation in Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Fitria , Semertzidis Theodoros 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Indonesian Government’s 2021 initiative to curb carbon emissions through carbon tax aims to influence the behavior of firms and consumers, particularly, those reliant on fossil fuels. Simultaneously, the carbon tax is envisaged as a means of generating state income and facilitating environmental investments. This research investigates Indonesian consumers’ attitudes toward the carbon tax through a representative survey, analyzing awareness, acceptance, and support levels as indicators and utilizing Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS) program. The study explores opinions on the climate crisis and carbon tax, with a focus on Greater Jakarta. Preconceptions of climate change and their influence on attitudes are examined, along with socio-demographic characteristics shaping consumer behaviours.
Findings reveal a heightened climate crisis awareness among the participants, however, a quarter remain unaware of the carbon tax enactment. Most consumers accept the tax, recognizing personal and industry responsibility for carbon reduction. Many are willing to contribute with tax rates of 1% to 3%. Policy recommendations include fostering political trust, progressive taxation on fossil fuels, and government incentives for carbon reduction. The study underscores the link between awareness, acceptance, and support for carbon tax implementation, suggesting further research on additional support indicators, including political trust.
How effective is the carbon pricing implementation in ASEAN Member States to reduce regional emissions
Authors: Shidiq Muhammad , Htet Hein , Noor Rakhiemah Aldilla , Abdullah Ambiyah , Pradnyaswari Indira , Suryadi Beni 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
At the Conference of the Parties of the UNFCCC (COP 27), the ASEAN Member States (AMS) reaffirmed their commitment to the Paris Agreement by pledging to achieve net zero or carbon neutrality targets by 2050. According to the 7th ASEAN Energy Outlook (AEO7) study, ASEAN’s GHG emission will rise 3.7-fold to 6,704 MtCO2-eq in 2050 from 1,815 Mt in 2020. This will require all AMS to scale up their efforts to reach their greenhouse gas (GHG) emission target, and one of them is by introducing carbon pricing to smoothen the transition by encouraging more renewable energy use. Currently, some AMS have already introduced or proposed carbon pricing. Singapore has introduced carbon tax implementation since 2019. Indonesia has been stepping up its commitment to enforce both carbon tax and emission trading system (ETS) by introducing numerous supporting policies. Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam are anticipating launching ETS as their latest climate action plan. A question on how effective carbon pricing implementation to reduce regional emission may come up and this paper shed lights to answer this question through expert interviews and literature reviews. The findings indicate that carbon pricing may reduce emissions, especially from power generation and manufacturing industry, and support the transition to a low-carbon economy, helping the region reach carbon neutrality or net zero targets by 2050.
Comparative analysis of Indonesia’s energy system scenarios: Assessing emissions reduction strategies and cost-effectiveness
Authors: Anindhita  , Santosa J , Tokimatsu K 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This research conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of energy system scenarios in Indonesia, examining their emissions reduction strategies and cost-effectiveness. The study utilizes the least-cost optimization approach using LEAP (Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System) and NEMO (Next Energy Modeling system for Optimization). Four distinct scenarios are evaluated: Business as Usual (BAU), Zero Emissions (ZER), Demand Reduction (DMR), and Net Zero Emission (NZE). The findings suggest that while the ZER scenario may achieve significant emission reductions compared to BAU, with an average of 382.9 million tons CO2e/year, it comes at a higher cost per unit of emission mitigated by the average of 170.8 USD/tons CO2e. On the other hand, the DMR scenario, with its focus on demand-side management, offers a more cost-effective approach to emission mitigation, reaching 81.0 USD/tons CO2e. Combining both strategies, the NZE scenario proves to be the most effective in emission mitigation and cost, with 693.7 million tons CO2e/year and 54.0 USD/tons CO2e, respectively. This research seeks to inform Indonesian policymakers, energy planners, and stakeholders in developing sustainable energy systems that effectively reduce emissions while considering economic feasibility.
Investigating the Impacts of Carbon Pricing Mechanism on CCS development in ASEAN countries
Authors: Endah Nur Setyawati Citra , Wibawa Samantha 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a technology that contributes toward a reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from large point sources. It has been proven to be a crucial technology to decarbonise ASEAN’s hard-to-abate industry sector. ASEAN countries are a concentrated cluster, contributing to significant emissions, and provides the potential for suitable geological storage for CCS according to current studies. This paper discusses the impact of carbon pricing on the CCS development in ASEAN countries, through studying factors that enable or disable successful CCS projects. Causal Loop Diagram (CLD), as a part of system dynamics, was employed as an analytical tool to identify and visualize the key variables, system’s structure, the network of existing carbon pricing mechanisms and other financing instruments needed in CCS deployment. The results of this study indicate that strong public and private finance, the development of carbon markets, and carbon pricing policies are the key enablers for CCS projects in ASEAN. Carbon pricing should be viewed as an effective catalyst that helps the growth of CCS with the right policies in place, government and regulatory support, and market forces.
Interpretation of Fairness Concept and Economic Impact Analysis of Carbon Quota Allocation between Industries in Indonesia
Authors: Imaduddin M H , Ogawa T , Okumura H , Ishihara K 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Quota allocation is critical in implementing supporting policies for carbon reduction efforts, such as the carbon cap and trade mechanism. Depending on the allocation rules, certain company types may benefit more economically. Inequality conditions can happen and reduce the willingness to participate in sustainability efforts. This study aims to propose fairness interpretations in the context of company-level carbon quota allocation. Four industries in Indonesia with inherently different emission and financial profiles were selected as case studies: energy, oil palm, basic materials, and finance. Fairness principles were analyzed to represent the interests of companies based on their financial and environmental performance. Indicators were selected to quantify the equality principles and aggregated into a Comprehensive Index (CI) for quota allocation, where the companies’ quota surplus/deficit is quantified into monetary value to estimate the economic impact with varying reduction targets. According to our analysis, the sectoral advantages/disadvantages would depend on the viewpoint of fairness principles, and the oil palm and financial sectors be less impacted than the basic materials and energy sectors with increased emission reduction targets. The sensitivity analysis suggests that the vertical, horizontal, polluter pays, and historical responsibility principles are more sensitive to weighting than the merit and basic needs principles.