bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breaking Barriers in Chalcogenide Perovskite Synthesis: A Generalized Framework for Fabrication of BaMS3 (M═Ti, Zr, Hf) Materials
Authors: Agarwal Shubhanshu , Vincent Kiruba Catherine , Turnley Jonathan W. , Hayes Daniel C. , Uible Madeleine C. , Durán Inés , Canizales Alison Sofia Mesa , Khandelwal Shriya , Panicker Isabel , Andoh Zion , Spilker Robert M. , Ma Qiushi , Huang Libai , Hwang Sooyeon , Kisslinger Kim , Svatek Simon , Antolin Elisa , Bart Suzanne C. , Agrawal Rakesh 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChalcogenide perovskites have garnered increasing attention as stable, non‐toxic alternatives to lead halide perovskites. However, their conventional synthesis at high temperatures (>1000 °C) has hindered widespread adoption. Recent studies have developed low‐to‐moderate temperature synthesis methods (<600 °C) using reactive precursors, yet a comprehensive understanding of the pivotal factors affecting reproducibility and repeatability remains elusive. This study delineates the critical factors in the low‐temperature synthesis of BaMS3 (M═Zr, Hf, Ti) compounds and presents a generalized framework. Innovative approaches are developed for synthesizing BaMS3 compounds using this framework involving organometallics for solution deposition. The molecular precursor routes, employing metal acetylacetonates to generate soluble metal–sulfur bonded complexes and metal–organic compounds to produce soluble metal‐thiolate, metal‐isothiocyanate, and metal‐trithiocarbonate species, are demonstrated to yield carbon‐free BaMS3. These methods have achieved the most contiguous films of BaZrS3 and BaHfS3 using solution deposition to date. Furthermore, a hybrid solution processing method involving stacking sputter‐deposited Zr and solution‐deposited BaS layers is employed to synthesize a contiguous, oxygen‐free BaZrS3 film. The diffuse reflectance measurements indicate a direct bandgap of ≈ 1.85 eV for the BaZrS3 films and ≈ 2.1 eV for the BaHfS3 film under investigation.
Engineering of Kidney‐Targeting Fluorophores with Tunable Emission from NIR‐I to NIR‐II for Early Diagnosis of Kidney Disease
Authors: Jiang Yulan , Wang Liping , Hu Bangping , Nong Chengkun , Shen Xing‐Can , Chen Hua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe development of rapidly distributed and retained probes within the kidneys is important for accurately diagnosing kidney diseases. Although molecular imaging shows the potential for non‐intrusively interrogating kidney disease‐related biomarkers, the limited kidney contrast of many fluorophores, owing to their relatively low distribution in the kidney, hinders their effectiveness for kidney disease detection. Herein, for the first time, an amino‐functionalization strategy is proposed to construct a library of kidney‐targeting fluorophores NHcy with tunable emissions from NIR‐I to NIR‐II. Among these, NHcy‐8 is the first small‐molecule NIR‐II dye without a renal clearance moiety, designed specifically for kidney‐targeting imaging. Building on this class of NIR‐II fluorophore, the first NIR‐II small‐molecule kidney‐targeting pH probe NIR‐II‐pH is developed, which exhibits a desirable kidney distribution after intravenous injection and is fluorescent only after activation by acidosis. NIR‐II in vivo fluorescence/photoacoustic imaging of kidney disease models induced by cisplatin and renal I/R injury using NIR‐II‐pH reveals increasingly severe metabolic acidosis as the disease progressed, enabling sensitive detection of the onset of acidosis 36 h (cisplatin group) earlier than clinical methods. Thus, this study introduces a practical NIR‐II kidney‐targeting probe and provides a useful molecular blueprint for guiding kidney‐targeting NIR‐II fluorophores as diagnostic aids for kidney diseases.
Scalable Layered Heterogeneous Hydrogel Fibers with Strain‐Induced Crystallization for Tough, Resilient, and Highly Conductive Soft Bioelectronics
Authors: Cao Pengle , Wang Yu , Yang Jian , Niu Shichao , Pan Xinglong , Lu Wanheng , Li Luhong , Xu Yiming , Cui Jiabin , Ho Ghim Wei , Wang Xiao‐Qiao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe advancement of soft bioelectronics hinges critically on the electromechanical properties of hydrogels. Despite ongoing research into diverse material and structural strategies to enhance these properties, producing hydrogels that are simultaneously tough, resilient, and highly conductive for long‐term, dynamic physiological monitoring remains a formidable challenge. Here, a strategy utilizing scalable layered heterogeneous hydrogel fibers (LHHFs) is introduced that enables synergistic electromechanical modulation of hydrogels. High toughness (1.4 MJ m−3) and resilience (over 92% recovery from 200% strain) of LHHFs are achieved through a damage‐free toughening mechanism that involves dense long‐chain entanglements and reversible strain‐induced crystallization of sodium polyacrylate. The unique symmetrical layered structure of LHHFs, featuring distinct electrical and mechanical functional layers, facilitates the mixing of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes to significantly enhance electrical conductivity (192.7 S m−1) without compromising toughness and resilience. Furthermore, high‐performance LHHF capacitive iontronic strain/pressure sensors and epidermal electrodes are developed, capable of accurately and stably capturing biomechanical and bioelectrical signals from the human body under long‐term, dynamic conditions. The LHHF offers a promising route for developing hydrogels with uniquely integrated electromechanical attributes, advancing practical wearable healthcare applications.
Fiber‐Integrated Diamond Quantum Sensor for High‐Voltage Current Measurements
Authors: Liu Qihui , Nie Shaoxiong , Peng Xiao , Zhu Yaochen , Wang Nan , Hu Yuqiang , Luo Xin , li Chun , Jing Maoheng , Zhang Chunji , Liu Wei , Chen Hao , Cheng Jiangong , Wu Zhenyu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn power network systems, there is an urgent demand for highly accurate and miniaturized sensors, owing to their high safety level and limited installation space. Current sensors in high‐voltage grids are required to accommodate harsh environments and provide accurate measurements of several kiloamperes. Thus, this study proposed an integrated quantum diamond sensor to facilitate high‐accuracy, large‐dynamic‐range current measurements. The design incorporated optical fiber and directional microwave (MW) antennas to drive the diamond sensor, which significantly reduced the size and power consumption on the high‐voltage side. Remote‐control and demodulation systems are installed more than 10 m away from the low‐voltage side. The proposed approach achieved zero power consumption on the high‐voltage side and ensured efficient signal transmission. A passive diamond probe manufactured using microfabrication processes facilitated miniaturization and practical deployment. Through parameter optimization, a magnetic detection sensitivity of 4.86 nT·Hz−1/2 is achieved at a safe distance of 11 m, which can be further optimized to 0.77 nT·Hz−1/2 with enhanced MW power. This sensor achieved a current measurement error of ±0.4% in the 1000 A measurement range. Thus, this study provides a new solution for the application of diamond quantum sensors in power systems.
Post‐Translational Modifications of RNA‐Modifying Proteins in Cellular Dynamics and Disease Progression
Authors: Lin Yunfan , Lin Pei , Lu Ye , Zheng Jiarong , Zheng Yucheng , Huang Xiangyu , Zhao Xinyuan , Cui Li 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRNA‐modifying proteins, classified as “writers,” “erasers,” and “readers,” dynamically modulate RNA by adding, removing, or interpreting chemical groups, thereby influencing RNA stability, functionality, and interactions. To date, over 170 distinct RNA chemical modifications and more than 100 RNA‐modifying enzymes have been identified, with ongoing research expanding these numbers. Although significant progress has been made in understanding RNA modification, the regulatory mechanisms that govern RNA‐modifying proteins themselves remain insufficiently explored. Post‐translational modifications (PTMs) such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and acetylation are crucial in modulating the function and behavior of these proteins. However, the full extent of PTM influence on RNA‐modifying proteins and their role in disease development remains to be fully elucidated. This review addresses these gaps by offering a comprehensive analysis of the roles PTMs play in regulating RNA‐modifying proteins. Mechanistic insights are provided into how these modifications alter biological processes, contribute to cellular function, and drive disease progression. In addition, the current research landscape is examined, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting PTMs on RNA‐modifying proteins for precision medicine. By advancing understanding of these regulatory networks, this review seeks to facilitate the development of more effective therapeutic strategies and inspire future research in the critical area of PTMs in RNA‐modifying proteins.
Significant Improvement in Magnetorheological Performance by Controlling Micron Interspaces with High Permeability Submicron Particles
Authors: Du Tianxiang , Ma Ning , Zhao Zenghui , Liu Yitong , Dong Xufeng , Huang Hao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe shear yield strength, sedimentation stability and zero‐field viscosity of magnetorheological fluids (MRFs) are crucial for practical vibration damping applications, yet achieving a balanced combination of these performances remains challenging. Developing MRFs with excellent comprehensive performance is key to advancing smart vibration damping technologies further. Theoretically, incorporating a multiscale particle system and leveraging synergistic effects between their can somewhat enhance MRFs’ performance. However, this approach often faces issues such as insignificant increases in shear yield strength and excessive rise in zero‐field viscosity. In response, this study employs a DC arc plasma method to synthesize a high magnetic permeability, low coercivity submicron FeNi particles, and further develops a novel CIPs‐FeNi bidisperse MRFs. The introduction of submicron FeNi particles not only significantly enhances the shear2019 yield strength of MRFs under low magnetic fields but also promotes improvements in sedimentation stability and redispersibility without excessively increasing viscosity. Comprehensive performance analysis is conducted to explore the optimal content ratio, and detailed mechanisms for the enhancement of performance are elucidated through analysis of parameters such as chain‐like structure, magnetic flux density and friction coefficient. Most importantly, the superior comprehensive performance combined with straightforward fabrication methods significantly enhances the engineering applicability of the CIPs‐FeNi bidisperse MRFs.
The Relationship Between Interest Rates and Agricultural Commodity Price Dynamics
Authors: Sun Zhining , Katchova Ani L. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe U.S. Federal Reserve has undertaken several interest rate interventions in the past decade. This study explores the relationship between U.S. corn and soybean prices and Federal Reserve monetary policy interventions, in the short and long run. We use a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model to capture three key features of agricultural commodity price responses to changes in interest rates. First, we observe that corn and soybean prices initially overreact to changes in interest rates, overshooting their long‐run equilibrium before gradually reverting. Second, in the short run, the relationship between soybean prices and interest rates is asymmetric; the initial price change is more pronounced for an interest rate increase than for a decrease of the same magnitude. Lastly, both corn and soybean prices display symmetry in the long run. These results help to understand how changes in interest rates affect commodity prices. Assessing the relationship between agricultural commodity prices and interest rates can assist farmers and processors in planning investments and loans based on interest rate forecasts.
Development of a Machine‐Learning Model for Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer from Serum Samples Analyzed by Thermal Liquid Biopsy
Authors: Hermoso‐Durán Sonia , Fraunhoffer Nicolas , Millastre‐Bocos Judith , Sanchez‐Gracia Oscar , Garrido Pablo F. , Vega Sonia , Lanas Ángel , Iovanna Juan , Velázquez‐Campoy Adrián , Abian Olga 
Published: October 2024

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) poses a considerable diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to the lack of specific biomarkers and late diagnosis. Early detection is crucial for improving prognosis, but current techniques are insufficient. An innovative approach based on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of blood serum samples, thermal liquid biopsy (TLB), combined with machine‐learning (ML) analysis, may offer a more efficient method for diagnosing PDAC. Serum samples from a cohort of 212 PDAC patients and 184 healthy controls are studied. DSC thermograms are analyzed using ML models. The generated models are built applying algorithms based on penalized regression, resampling, categorization, cross validation, and variable selection. The ML‐based model demonstrates outstanding ability to discriminate between PDAC patients and control subjects, with a sensitivity of 90% and an area under the ROC receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.83 in the training and test groups. Application of the model to an independent validation cohort of 113 PDAC patients confirms its robustness and utility as a diagnosis tool. The application of ML to serum TLB data emerges as a promising methodology for early diagnosis, representing a significant advance for detecting and managing PDAC, envisaging a minimally invasive and more efficient methodology for identifying biomarkers.
Impacts of ramet density and herbivory on floral volatile emissions and seed production in Solidago altissima
Authors: Herschberger Jacob E. , Ciesla Lukasz , Stieha Christopher R. , Kersch‐Becker Mônica F. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPremisePlants produce an array of floral olfactory and visual cues to attract pollinators, including volatile organic compounds (VOC), which mediate plant–pollinator interactions and may be influenced by herbivory and neighboring plants. Consequently, these factors may affect plant fitness by disrupting pollination. However, most evidence comes from controlled experiments, limiting our understanding of how VOCs function in natural populations. This study investigated how herbivory and conspecific ramet density influence floral VOC profile, pollination, and seed production in a naturally occurring population of Solidago altissima.MethodsWe recorded leaf herbivory and ramet density surrounding one focal ramet in 1‐m2 plots. We collected VOCs from the floral headspace and measured ovary fertilization as a proxy for pollination success and the number of seeds produced by the focal ramet.ResultsOur findings revealed interactive effects between ramet density and herbivory on floral VOC emission, richness, and diversity. Specifically, at lower ramet densities, herbivory did not affect floral volatile emissions. However, in highly dense stands, herbivory suppressed floral volatile emissions. Despite these changes, floral volatiles did not affect pollination and the number of seeds in S. altissima.ConclusionsOur field‐based findings underscore the importance of understanding the complex responses of floral VOCs to environmental stressors and their contributions to plant reproduction within natural communities. Our results suggest that while herbivory and ramet density influence floral scent, these changes do not affect reproduction in our study. Ultimately, generalist‐pollinated plants like S. altissima might not rely heavily on chemical signaling during pollination.
LEAP! Rx: A randomized trial of a pragmatic approach to lifestyle medicine
Authors: Watts Amber , Szabo‐Reed Amanda , Baker Jordan , Morris Jill K. , Vacek James , Clutton Jonathan , Mahnken Jonathan , Key Mickeal N. , Vidoni Eric D. , Burns Jeffrey M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONClinicians lack the tools to incorporate physical activity into clinical care for Alzheimer's disease prevention. We tested a 52‐week exercise and health education program (Lifestyle Empowerment for Alzheimer's Prevention [LEAP! Rx]) that integrates clinician referrals and community‐based fitness resources.METHODSWe randomized 219 participants to the LEAP! Rx (ie, exercise and monthly brain health education) or a standard‐of‐care control group and tested the effects on cardiorespiratory fitness, insulin resistance, body composition, lipids, and cognitive performance.RESULTSPhysicians were able to connect their patients to a community lifestyle intervention. The intervention group increased in cardiorespiratory fitness at 12 and 52 weeks (p = 0.005). We observed no effects on secondary measures. Participants meeting 80% of weekly goals (150 min, moderate to vigorous activity) saw greater fitness improvements than those with less than 80% (p < 0.001).DISCUSSIONThese results hold promise for broad implementation of exercise interventions into larger healthcare systems and have implications for improved research recruitment strategies.TRIAL REGISTRATIONNCT No. NCT03253341.Highlights
Our community‐based exercise program increased cardiorespiratory fitness.
Our digital physician referral method increased the diversity of the participant sample.
Our findings have implications for personalized dementia risk reduction strategies.
Sequence‐Sensitivity in Functional Synthetic Polymer Properties
Authors: Jin Tianyi , Coley Connor W. , Alexander‐Katz Alfredo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRecently, a new class of synthetic methyl methacrylate‐based random heteropolymers (MMA‐based RHPs) has displayed protein‐like properties. Their function appears to be insensitive to the precise sequence. Here, through atomistic molecular dynamics simulation, we show that there are universal protein‐like features of MMA‐based RHPs that are insensitive to the sequence, and mostly depend on the overall composition. In particular, we find that MMA‐based RHPs “fold” into globules with heterogeneous hydration patterns. However, the insensitivity to sequence identity observed in MMA‐based RHPs dramatically changes when we substitute the backbone architecture with acrylate or replace the oxygen atom in the side chain with a nitrogen atom (methacrylamide or acrylamide). In such scenarios, the sequence contributes significantly to the compactness and the hydration of monomers. Using principal component analysis and an intersection‐over‐union based index, we demonstrate that different sequences may not overlap in the property space, meaning that their properties are controlled by the sequence rather than fixed composition. We further investigate the sequence‐insensitive capability of the MMA‐based RHPs as previously reported on bacterial phospholipase OmpLA stabilization through heterodimerization. As experimentally observed, such polymers enhance the stability of OmpLA as reliably as its native bilayer environment. The design of such MMA‐based RHPs provides a sequence‐insensitive alternative to protein‐mimetic biomaterials that is orthogonal to the sequence‐structure‐function paradigm of proteins.
Affecting Charges and Structures of {Bi6} Architectures by 12‐Electron Transition Metal Fragments
Authors: Schmidt Andreas , Rienmüller Julia , Weigend Florian , Dehnen Stefanie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMolecules based on polyatomic bismuth substructures are currently attracting a lot of attention owing to this heavy and essentially non‐toxic element's uncommon chemical and physical properties, which include unprecedented bonding properties. Hexaatomic {Bi6} substructures that underly more complex cluster structures were recently reported to adopt different structures or exhibit different structural details as a consequence of the charge of the {Bi6} unit. This leads to either crown‐shaped cycles for a nominal Bi66− or differently distorted trigonal prisms for compositions close to Bi62−. It was predicted by quantum chemistry that Bi64− should adopt a distinctly distorted boat‐like shape, yet a corresponding compound has remained elusive. Here, we report a proof of this assumption by the synthesis of [K(crypt‐222)]2[Bi6{Zn(hmds)}2] ⋅ 1.5THF (1), comprising a bimetallic [Bi6{Zn(hmds)}2]2− cluster that fulfills the prediction for the geometric and electronic structure of the missing link (crypt‐222=4,7,13,16,21,24‐hexaoxa‐1,10‐diazabicyclo‐[8.8.8]hexa‐cosane, hmds=hexamethyldisilazanid). A detailed quantum chemical study shows how the nature of Lewis‐acidic transition metal complexes—in particular, 12‐electron fragments—control and fine‐tune the resulting {Bi6} architectures in accordance with the degree of electron‐withdrawal from the polybismuthide core.
Spontaneous Formation of Polymeric Nanoribbons in Water Driven by π–π Interactions
Authors: Berruée Sébastien , Guigner Jean‐Michel , Bizien Thomas , Bouteiller Laurent , Sosa Vargas Lydia , Rieger Jutta 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA simple method was developed to produce polymeric nanoribbons and other nanostructures in water. This approach incorporates a perylene diimide (PDI) functionalized by triethylene glycol (TEG) as a hydrophobic supramolecular structure directing unit (SSDU) into the core of hydrophilic poly(N,N‐dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAc) chains using RAFT polymerization. All PDI‐functional polymers dissolved spontaneously in water, forming different nanostructures depending on the degree of polymerization (DPn): nanoribbons and nanocylinders for DPn=14 and 22, and spheres for DPn>50 as determined by cryo‐TEM and SAXS analyses. UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy was used to monitor the evolution of the PDI absorption signal upon dissolution. In solid form, all polymers show a H‐aggregate absorption signature, but upon dissolution in water, the shortest DPn forming nanoribbons evolved to show HJ‐aggregate absorption signals. Over time, the J‐aggregate band increased in intensity, while cryo‐TEM monitoring evidenced an increase in the nanoribbon's width. Heating the nanoribbons above 60 °C, triggered a morphological transition from nanoribbons to nanocylinders, due to the disappearance of J‐aggregates, while H‐aggregates were maintained. The study shows that the TEG‐PDI is a powerful SSDU to promote 2D or 1D self‐assembly of polymers depending on DPn through simple dissolution in water.
Evaluating the oxidative stability of triacylglycerols in rapeseed (Brassica napus) oleosomes
Authors: Plankensteiner Lorenz , Nikiforidis Constantinos V. , Vincken Jean‐Paul , Hennebelle Marie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUnsaturated triacylglycerols (TAGs) are stored in natural droplets called oleosomes in seeds. The storage in oleosomes was suggested to increase TAGs' oxidative stability. In this study, we tested the oxidative stability of TAGs in rapeseed oleosomes and compared it with the one of TAGs stored as bulk oils or incorporated into oil‐in‐water emulsions stabilized by rapeseed lecithin. Oleosome oil‐in‐water emulsions (Фoil = 0.1) were created and stored along with the bulk oils and lecithin emulsions for 63 days at 40°C. The TAGs in oleosomes were more oxidatively stable than in the bulk oils and lecithin emulsions, as indicated by the 17‐day longer lag phase and a 1.6–1.8 times slower maximal hydroperoxide formation compared to the bulk oils and lecithin emulsions. Moreover, we made the first steps towards understanding the high stability of TAGs in oleosomes by monitoring the consumption of oleosome‐associated antioxidants (tocopherols and carotenoids). Using oleosome extracts could be a strategy to retard TAGs oxidation in oil‐in‐water emulsions.