bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Entitles a School to Legitimately Call Itself an Aboriginal School?
Authors: Buckley Paul 
Published: August 2016

According to the 1995 Northern Territory Department of Education Directory, the numberof schools within the Territory which cater for Aboriginal students are as follows:• 40 preschools in predominantly Aboriginal communities• 67 primary schools of predominantly Aboriginal communities• 53 outstations and Homeland Learning Centres in predominantly Aboriginal communities• 33 Community Education Centres and other post-primary schools in predominantly Aboriginal communities.
AnTEP Comes of Age
Authors: Gale Mary-Anne 
Published: August 2016

Walking across that stage, no-one can take that feeling away because it's really special to you. You feel really, really proud — even though it took a long time to do it and to get there.(Ruth Anangka, one of the first AnTEP graduates, Pers. Comm., 1995)With permed hair, academic gowns and proud smiles of achievement, two more groups of Aboriginal women have walked the length of the red carpet on the stage of the Adelaide Festival Theatre during university graduation ceremonies. Amid hoots and cheers from University staff seated on the stage (also wearing gowns and smiles of pride) on the 29th May 1995, six more women from the far north west of South Australia, and one from Alice Springs, were awarded the Associate Diploma of Education. Six months later, on the 6th October 1995, two more women from the north west were presented with the Diploma of Teaching.
‘What matters is the girth of its belly. Can it swallow us or not?’ — Shifting Values Towards New Models of Teaching in Aboriginal Schools
Authors: Smith R.G. 
Published: August 2016

At a maths workshop we were discussing measurement as a cultural concept. One of the balanda staff asked an Aboriginal colleague how he might depict the length of a crocodile. Another Aboriginal teacher laughed. ‘You balanda always think length is important. What matters to us is the girth of the belly. Can it swallow us or not!’Territory-wide the government, through its Department of Education, has the unenviably difficult task of maintaining and providing education which is both equitable and accessible to a cohort of students who represent a third of its student population. While their common qualifier is that these students are ‘Indigenous,’ their disparate worldviews often only share some common features. It seems that in recent years, rather than meet these diverse needs the department has determined that the only way around the difficulty is to apply a relatively prescriptive curriculum to its remote Indigenous schools. This is evidenced by the Intensive English, Foundation and General Studies programs now in place for secondary aged students. Many (including Indigenous) educators argue that perhaps this is the only pragmatic answer.
What Does the Literature Say about Computer Literacy and Indigenous Australians' Language?
Authors: Steen Tangi 
Published: August 2016

The word culture is defined by Singer, 1988: 6) as:a pattern of learned, group-related perceptions —including both verbal and non-verbal language, attitudes, values belief and disbelief systems, and behaviours — that is accepted and expected by an identity group… each identity group has its own language or code, each group may be said to have its own culture.It is obvious from this definition that each one of us belongs to one culture or another, each culture encapsulating a totality of a way of living, expectation and behaviour that is specifically unique to that group. Culture is constituted in our daily lives, in our negotiations and adjustments to experience day-to-day existence.
Roelands Mission Education — A Personal Narrative
Authors: Calgaret Irene 
Published: August 2016

Firstly let me introduce myself to you. My name is Irene Calgaret. I am an Aboriginal of the Nyungar people from Bunbury, Western Australia. I attend Edith Cowan University, Bunbury as a first-year student, studying English as my major.I am the mother of three lovely daughters and the grand-mother of four wonderful grand-sons. I have been a nurse for 25 years, employed at local Government and private hospitals, and at various other small, country town hospitals in our very large state of Western Australia.
Nyungar Education in a South West Australian Location: A Perspective
Authors: Wooltorton Terry 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAssimilation of the Nyungar kids into the system takes place. Those who assimilate better, do better in school. Those who don't assimilate well, have problems with the system. (John, Primary School teacher, 6/8/93) (cited in Wooltorton, 1993)According to this teacher, assimilation is inevitable, therefore the school should assist that process. This paper examines and presents a perspective on the extent and effect of assimilation and suggests that the negative outcomes of the education of Nyungars is a result of assimilationist teaching practices and school culture. Further, it recommends that Nyungar education be underpinned by Nyungar control of Nyungar education, which consists of the followingprinciples: Nyungar decision-makers, Nyungar teachers, Nyungar parent involvement in educational implementation and decision-making and culturally appropriate teaching methods and teaching spaces.
Alive and Well: Aboriginal Education in South Australia
Authors: Darvall Ken 
Published: August 2016

During a four-week period in March and April, 1990, I had the opportunity to visit several Aboriginal and mainstream public schools in South Australia as part of a Fellowship sponsored by the New South Wales Department of School Education.The selection of South Australia as a location to visit was recommended to the author by various colleagues in Aboriginal education who considered that “many fine things were happening” in South Australia in the area of Aboriginal education. My impressions confirmed what I had been told by others.
Creating a Good Maths Learning Environment
Authors: Patrick-Rolf Megan 
Published: August 2016

As Lecturer and Curriculum Writer: Mathematics for the Anangu Teacher Education Program, I write to share some of the successes of a Maths workshop which I facilitated for the program’s Stage 3 students, 26 February to 2 March 1990.I have included a brochure for further information regarding the Anangu Teacher Education Program (ANTEP).
American Indians fitting into Medical School
Authors: Buckley Apanakhi 
Published: August 2016

This paper describes a qualitative study of how indigenous people experience medical school in the United States. Nine American Indians and Alaska Natives participated in the study: five women and four men. They came from eight different tribes, but they have asked me to protect their confidentiality, so I will not identify their tribes. Their ages ranged from 27 to 39. Five of them had children. Two of them were unmarried.In the United States, the need for indigenous physicians is great. Twice as many American Indians die from homicide and suicide as non-Indians in the United States (Wallace, Kirk, Houston, Amnest, and Emrich, 1993); three times as many die from accidents and more than four times as many die from alcoholism (Indian Health Service, 1996). Diabetes is rampant among American Indians and Alaska Natives. Women are the hardest hit (Gilliland, Gilliland, and Carter; 1997). More than five times as many American Indian and Alaska Native women die from diabetes than non-Latina white women.
History of Aboriginal Education and Cape York Peninsula: A Case Study
Authors: Hodgson Jayne 
Published: August 2016

The aim of comparative studies in education is to improve our understanding of our own problems of education at the national level. In the words of Phillip E. Jones (1973:24), “Comparative education can lead us to understanding, sympathy and tolerance”. More than that, it is hoped that it can lead to improved circumstances for Australia’s most disadvantaged minority group – the Aborigines.The Aborigines were the first people to have a social system in Australia. That system, however, has undergone dramatic change in the last 200 years at the hands of ‘white’ migrants. Changes in educational policy in Australia have been largely a reaction to what the ruling majority has regarded as the ‘Aboriginal problem’. Schooling for Aborigines thus moved, early this century, from an era of mission schools and reserves to ‘formal’ schooling which was introduced in the 1960’s. Policies then shifted in turn from ‘assimilation’ to ‘integrationism’ to ‘self-determination’ and self-government’ for the Aborigines.
Counting at Pularumpi: a survey of a traditional mathematics and its implications for modern learning
Authors: McRoberts Robert W. 
Published: August 2016

The research on which this article is based was undertaken at Pularumpi, Melville Island, Northern Territory in 1984-85. At the time I was employed as the adult educator for Pularumpi, and was conducting courses and classes which involved mathematics at various levels - a course in metrication for the technical staff; mathematics for specific purposes for the health workers, police aides, Council and Housing Association bookkeepers, and for the Essential Services apprentices.In all this I was never too sure of my methodology: what was the most effective way of helping these adults to learn? The basic problem was that I had no information of their pre-knowledge - the mathematical knowledge they possessed prior to their entry into the classes. Most had formal education to a secondary level, a few had completed secondary schooling in Darwin, Perth or Melbourne, with mixed results. Beyond that formal knowledge, however, I needed to know the students mathematical preconceptions so that I could more effectively assist them to learn the specific purpose mathematics they needed for the jobs they held.In 1984, the Northern Territory Education Department published a paper by Pam Harris, Money in Aboriginal Communities. This was the first academic work I had encountered which addressed my needs as an educator in this area. Harris examined modern shopping practices and posited a theory of attitudes to numeracy. This information was presented in a readable form and in an effort to assist educators of Aboriginals in mathematics.
Building Bridges across a Cultural Chasm
Authors: Nugent Ann 
Published: August 2016

At the Jervis Bay Primary School there is in progress a project which is designed to involve the Aboriginal children at the school (about 25 per cent of the total enrolment) in some educational decision-making. The program is being funded by the Australian Government’s Schools Commission Innovations Program.It was judged that in the total school environment the Aboriginal children were followers and not initiators and that this was in part attributable to the skills-oriented competitive structure of the classroom system that exists at the school, and in which leadership and success fall largely to the non-Aboriginal pupils.
Teaching in Aboriginal Communities: The Warrabri Example
Authors: Brennan F.D. 
Published: August 2016

I would like to discuss certain aspects of teaching in a predominantly Aboriginal community. I want to stress three major areas which I believe we must think about carefully if we are to educate children successfully, and actually be content in our job.
1. The manner in which we teach the children in our class.2. Community involvement.3. The decision-making role of the Aboriginal Community.
An Aboriginal Teacher-Aide in a Large Metropolitan School
Authors: Barney J. 
Published: August 2016

I wanted to become a teacher-aide after I heard of an experimental project in a Brisbane school where Aboriginal people were asked to be part of the school and part of the classrooms to help the Aboriginal children attending the school. I applied at three schools in the Inala district because I live in this district, my children go to school here, and my sister-in-law is a teacher-aide at one of the schools in the district.I thought it would be really great if I could get a job like that. I could be at the school with my two children and work the same hours as them. After I found out that I had got the job at the same school that my children attend, I didn’t have a clue what work I’d be doing. My sister-in-law told me a few things, and after I had been for an interview, I had a better idea. But I still didn’t expect to be working with the children – doing sums and reading.
“A horrific photo of a drowned Syrian child”: Humanitarian photography and NGO media strategies in historical perspective
Authors: Fehrenbach Heide , Rodogno Davide 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis article is a historical examination of the use of photography in the informational and fundraising strategies of humanitarian organizations. Drawing on archival research and recent scholarship, it shows that the figure of the dead or suffering child has been a centrepiece of humanitarian campaigns for over a century and suggests that in earlier eras too, such photos, under certain conditions, could “go viral” and achieve iconic status. Opening with last year's photo campaign involving the case of 3-year-old Syrian refugee Alan Kurdi, whose body washed up on a Turkish beach near Bodrum in early September 2015, the article draws on select historical examples to explore continuities and ruptures in the narrative framing and emotional address of photos depicting dead or suffering children, and in the ethically and politically charged decisions by NGO actors and the media to publish and distribute such images. We propose that today, as in the past, the relationship between media and humanitarian NGOs remains symbiotic despite contemporary claims about the revolutionary role of new visual technologies and social media.
Disaster Response in Southeast Asia: The ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Response and Emergency Management
Authors: SIMM Gabrielle 
Published: August 2016

AbstractSoutheast Asia includes some of the states at greatest risk of disasters worldwide, and ASEAN has been at the forefront of using international law to attempt to co-operate in disaster risk reduction and response. The ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response (AADMER) is a regional treaty that has been hailed as among the world’s best practice: progressive, comprehensive, and, unusually for a disaster instrument, legally binding. This paper evaluates ASEAN’s responses to two mega-disasters: Cyclone Nargis that hit Myanmar in May 2008 and Super-typhoon Haiyan/Yolanda that hit the Philippines in November 2013. The paper aims further to investigate the role of non-state actors, such as civil society and the private sector, in institutionalizing and implementing AADMER.
Effects of maltreatment and parental schizophrenia spectrum disorders on early childhood social-emotional functioning: a population record linkage study
Authors: Matheson S. L. , Kariuki M. , Green M. J. , Dean K. , Harris F. , Tzoumakis S. , Tarren-Sweeney M. , Brinkman S. , Chilvers M. , Sprague T. , Carr V. J. , Laurens K. R. 
Published: August 2016

Aims.Childhood maltreatment and a family history of a schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) are each associated with social-emotional dysfunction in childhood. Both are also strong risk factors for adult SSDs, and social-emotional dysfunction in childhood may be an antecedent of these disorders. We used data from a large Australian population cohort to determine the independent and moderating effects of maltreatment and parental SSDs on early childhood social-emotional functioning.Methods.The New South Wales Child Development Study combines intergenerational multi-agency data using record linkage methods. Multiple measures of social-emotional functioning (social competency, prosocial/helping behaviour, anxious/fearful behaviour; aggressive behaviour, and hyperactivity/inattention) on 69 116 kindergarten children (age ~5 years) were linked with government records of child maltreatment and parental presentations to health services for SSD. Multivariable analyses investigated the association between maltreatment and social-emotional functioning, adjusting for demographic variables and parental SSD history, in the population sample and in sub-cohorts exposed and not exposed to parental SSD history. We also examined the association of parental SSD history and social-emotional functioning, adjusting for demographic variables and maltreatment.Results.Medium-sized associations were identified between maltreatment and poor social competency, aggressive behaviour and hyperactivity/inattention; small associations were revealed between maltreatment and poor prosocial/helping and anxious/fearful behaviours. These associations did not differ greatly when adjusted for parental SSD, and were greater in magnitude among children with no history of parental SSD. Small associations between parental SSD and poor social-emotional functioning remained after adjusting for demographic variables and maltreatment.Conclusions.Childhood maltreatment and history of parental SSD are associated independently with poor early childhood social-emotional functioning, with the impact of exposure to maltreatment on social-emotional functioning in early childhood of greater magnitude than that observed for parental SSDs. The impact of maltreatment was reduced in the context of parental SSDs. The influence of parental SSDs on later outcomes of maltreated children may become more apparent during adolescence and young adulthood when overt symptoms of SSD are likely to emerge. Early intervention to strengthen childhood social-emotional functioning might mitigate the impact of maltreatment, and potentially also avert future psychopathology.
Intrinsic limits to gene regulation by global crosstalk
Authors: Friedlander Tamar , Prizak Roshan , Guet Călin C. , Barton Nicholas H. , Tkačik Gašper 
Published: August 2016

AbstractGene regulation relies on the specificity of transcription factor (TF)–DNA interactions. Limited specificity may lead to crosstalk: a regulatory state in which a gene is either incorrectly activated due to noncognate TF–DNA interactions or remains erroneously inactive. As each TF can have numerous interactions with noncognate cis-regulatory elements, crosstalk is inherently a global problem, yet has previously not been studied as such. We construct a theoretical framework to analyse the effects of global crosstalk on gene regulation. We find that crosstalk presents a significant challenge for organisms with low-specificity TFs, such as metazoans. Crosstalk is not easily mitigated by known regulatory schemes acting at equilibrium, including variants of cooperativity and combinatorial regulation. Our results suggest that crosstalk imposes a previously unexplored global constraint on the functioning and evolution of regulatory networks, which is qualitatively distinct from the known constraints that act at the level of individual gene regulatory elements.
Mass production of shaped particles through vortex ring freezing
Authors: An Duo , Warning Alex , Yancey Kenneth G. , Chang Chun-Ti , Kern Vanessa R. , Datta Ashim K. , Steen Paul H. , Luo Dan , Ma Minglin 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA vortex ring is a torus-shaped fluidic vortex. During its formation, the fluid experiences a rich variety of intriguing geometrical intermediates from spherical to toroidal. Here we show that these constantly changing intermediates can be ‘frozen’ at controlled time points into particles with various unusual and unprecedented shapes. These novel vortex ring-derived particles, are mass-produced by employing a simple and inexpensive electrospraying technique, with their sizes well controlled from hundreds of microns to millimetres. Guided further by theoretical analyses and a laminar multiphase fluid flow simulation, we show that this freezing approach is applicable to a broad range of materials from organic polysaccharides to inorganic nanoparticles. We demonstrate the unique advantages of these vortex ring-derived particles in several applications including cell encapsulation, three-dimensional cell culture, and cell-free protein production. Moreover, compartmentalization and ordered-structures composed of these novel particles are all achieved, creating opportunities to engineer more sophisticated hierarchical materials.
A Direct Approach to In-Plane Stress Separation using Photoelastic Ptychography
Authors: Anthony Nicholas , Cadenazzi Guido , Kirkwood Henry , Huwald Eric , Nugent Keith , Abbey Brian 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe elastic properties of materials, either under external load or in a relaxed state, influence their mechanical behaviour. Conventional optical approaches based on techniques such as photoelasticity or thermoelasticity can be used for full-field analysis of the stress distribution within a specimen. The circular polariscope in combination with holographic photoelasticity allows the sum and difference of principal stress components to be determined by exploiting the temporary birefringent properties of materials under load. Phase stepping and interferometric techniques have been proposed as a method for separating the in-plane stress components in two-dimensional photoelasticity experiments. In this paper we describe and demonstrate an alternative approach based on photoelastic ptychography which is able to obtain quantitative stress information from far fewer measurements than is required for interferometric based approaches. The complex light intensity equations based on Jones calculus for this setup are derived. We then apply this approach to the problem of a disc under diametrical compression. The experimental results are validated against the analytical solution derived by Hertz for the theoretical displacement fields for an elastic disc subject to point loading.
Intraperitoneal injection (IP), Intravenous injection (IV) or anal injection (AI)? Best way for mesenchymal stem cells transplantation for colitis
Authors: Wang Min , Liang Cong , Hu Hao , Zhou Lin , Xu Bing , Wang Xin , Han Ying , Nie Yongzhan , Jia Shuyun , Liang Jie , Wu Kaichun 
Published: August 2016

AbstractStem cell transplantation showed promising results in IBD management. However, the therapeutic impacts of cell delivery route that is critical for clinical translation are currently poorly understood. Here, three different MSCs delivery routes: intraperitoneal (IP), intravenous (IV) and anal injection (AI) were compared on DSS-induced colitic mice model. The overall therapeutic factors, MSCs migration and targeting as well as local immunomodulatory cytokines and FoxP3+ cells infiltration were analyzed. Colitis showed varying degrees of alleviation after three ways of MSCs transplantation and the IP injection showed the highest survival rate of 87.5% and displayed the less weight loss and quick weight gain. The fecal occult blood test on the day 3 also showed nearly complete absence of occult blood in IP group. The fluorescence imaging disclosed higher intensity of engrafted cells in inflamed colon and the corresponding mesentery lymph nodes (MLNs) in IP and AI groups than the IV group. Real time-PCR and ELISA also demonstrate lower TNF-α and higher IL-10, TSG-6 levels in IP group. The immunohistochemistry indicated higher repair proliferation (Ki-67) and more FoxP3+ cells accumulation of IP group. IP showed better colitis recovery and might be the optimum MSCs delivery route for the treatment of DSS-induced colitis.