bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
18F-FDG PET/CT of Generalized Arteritis
Authors: Maffione Anna Margherita , Rampin Lucia , Grassetto Gaia , Marzola Maria Cristina , Chondrogiannis Sotirios , Rubello Domenico , Colletti Patrick M 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
A 75-year-old man presented with significant weight loss, persistent cough, single episode of frontotemporal pulsatile headache, and leg weakness. A paraneoplastic syndrome was suspected, and 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed. Diffuse, moderate-to-intense tracer symmetrical uptake of many large and medium arteries was unexpectedly noted. The peculiarity of this case is the extensive involvement of both large and medium head and neck and extremity vessels, whereas the aorta was relatively spared.
Solitary Orbital Metastasis in Carcinoma Esophagus
Authors: Mahajan Sonia , Dunphy Mark P. , Haque Sofia , Pandit-Taskar Neeta 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Orbital metastasis is an uncommon and atypical presentation of recurrent esophageal cancer that has been only seldom reported in literature. 18F-FDG PET/CT is routinely performed for staging and response assessment in patients with esophageal carcinoma. This case demonstrates use of follow-up FDG PET/CT scans in characterizing solitary metastatic disease in orbit and in evaluating response to therapy. It also highlights a key teaching point that postradiation-related inflammatory/infective changes may interfere in accurate assessment of PET/CT scan; however, frequently used clinical and radiological correlation may not be entirely sufficient to rule out pathological involvement.
68Ga-DOTATATE Uptake in Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Vallée Émilie , Paquet Nancy , Buteau James Patrick , Turcotte Éric 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
A 76-year-old man known to have a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor with hepatic and lymph nodes metastasis had a follow-up 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT before 177Lu-DOTATATE therapy. A new cerebral lesion expressing somatostatin receptors was discovered in the right temporal lobe, suggestive of an ischemic stroke territory. This was later confirmed from the hospital chart where an ischemic stroke was described a month ago.
Governments’ social media use for external collaboration
Authors: Wang Cancan , Medaglia Rony 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
As social media technologies permeate public life, the current forms of collaboration between government and non-government stakeholders are changing. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how social media use reconfigures the organizing practices around such collaboration. A case study of a collaborative e-government project showcases how emergent organizing practices through external social media differ from existing ones along the dimensions of time, task, team and transition.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents a case study of a collaborative e-government project on open data, organized by Shanghai Municipality, local businesses, universities and non-governmental organizations, using an external social media platform, WeChat. Adopting the theoretical lens of temporary organization, the paper identifies the key aspects of change emerged in the organizing practices of this collaboration.

Findings
The findings outline how the use of external social media reconfigures the collaboration between government and non-government stakeholders along the four dimensions of time, task, team and transition. The new form of collaboration is reconfigured along the lines of (1) an ad hoc and non-linear management of time; (2) discursive task creation, assignment and engagement among stakeholders; (3) a serendipitous engagement of team members based on expertise; and (4) a shift in formal and informal organizing practices.

Originality/value
This paper provides insights on the use of external social media for collaboration in e-government research and develops the concept of temporary organization in a sociomaterial setting. It also provides practical suggestions on how to manage new forms of public projects leveraging on the capacity of external social media.
Are government employees adopting local e-government transformation?
Authors: Batara Enrique , Nurmandi Achmad , Warsito Tulus , Pribadi Ulung 
Published: November 2017

PurposeThis study aims to examine the association of technology acceptance variables with the intention of adopting e-government transformation, as defined by four dimensions, namely, using new technology systems, redesigning of governmental processes, restructuring of governmental organization and changing the organizational culture and behavior, from the perspective of city government employees in Indonesia and the Philippines.Design/methodology/approachQuantitative approach was used in the conduct of this research. Variables were operationalized into indicators, which were transmuted into a self-reported survey questionnaire. Survey data obtained from purposively sampled city government employees were analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsFindings suggest that attitude is a pivotal predictor of intention to adopt e-government transformation across all four dimensions, while performance expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions also positively influence the intention to adopt process redesign, organizational structuring and cultural and behavioral change in the city government. Respondents’ length of work experience appears as a significant moderating variable.Research limitations/implicationsThis study reports only on the findings from two cities in two countries, Surabaya in Indonesia and Davao in the Philippines. The determination of the sample size was done through purposive sampling, so the application of results should be done with prudence. The constructs used for the research model were chosen because of their prominence in the literature. This study made use of a simple linear regression model in hypothesizing the relationships of the constructs.Practical implicationsFor e-government transformation to be adoptable and efficacious, supporting and facilitating conditions are necessary. Structural, technical and financial support, as well as legal framework, for local e-government transformation should be in place. Maintaining and sustaining the positive attitude toward it should be done.Originality/valueAlthough many studies have been conducted on adoption of ICT-enabled government services from the citizens’ viewpoint, little has been done from the local government employees’ perspective, and no prior cross-country study has been made. This study fills those gaps in the e-government adoption literature. Further, this study has shown that technology acceptance variables’ roles as predictors of behavioral intention can be extended to other dimensions of e-government.
Plant community composition but not plant traits determine the outcome of soil legacy effects on plants and insects
Authors: Heinen Robin , van der Sluijs Martijn , Biere Arjen , Harvey Jeffrey A. , Bezemer T. Martijn 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Plants leave species‐specific legacies in the soil they grow in that can represent changes in abiotic or biotic soil properties. It has been shown that such legacies can affect future plants that grow in the same soil (plant–soil feedback, PSF). Such processes have been studied in detail, but mostly on individual plants. Here, we study PSF effects at the community level and use a trait‐based approach both in the conditioning phase and in the feedback phase to study how 12 individual soil legacies influence six plant communities that differ in root size.

We tested if (1) grassland perennial species with large root systems would leave a stronger legacy than those with small root systems, (2) grass species would leave a more positive soil legacy than forbs, and (3) communities with large root systems would be more responsive than small‐rooted communities. We also tested (4) whether a leaf‐chewing herbivore and a phloem feeder were affected by soil legacy effects in a community framework.

Our study shows that the six different plant communities that we used respond differently to soil legacies of 12 different plant species and their functional groups. Species with large root systems did not leave stronger legacies than species with small root systems, nor were communities with large root systems more responsive than communities with root systems.

Moreover, we show that when communities are affected by soil legacies, these effects carry over to the chewing herbivore Mamestra brassicae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) through induced behavioural changes resulting in better performance of a chewing herbivore on forb‐conditioned soils than on grass‐conditioned soils, whereas performance of the phloem feeder Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) remained unaffected.

Synthesis. The results of this study shed light on the variability of soil effects found in previous work on feedbacks in communities. Our study suggests that the composition of plant communities determines to a large part the response to soil legacies. Furthermore, the responses to soil legacies of herbivores feeding on the plant communities that we observed, suggests that in natural ecosystems, the vegetation history may also have an influence on contemporary herbivore assemblages. This opens up exciting new areas in plant–insect research and can have important implications for insect pest management.
The Many Dimensions of Child Poverty: Evidence from the UK Millennium Cohort Study*
Authors: Dickerson Andrew , Popli Gurleen 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we use a multidimensional framework to characterise child poverty in the UK. We examine the interdependencies amongst the different dimensions of multidimensional poverty and the relationship between multidimensional poverty and income poverty. We also explore the links between multidimensional poverty, income poverty and children's cognitive and non‐cognitive development. Our findings suggest that multidimensional poverty identifies many but not all of the same children classified using standard income poverty measures. Approximately 20 per cent of children are classified as poor on one measure but not the other. Children in workless households and ethnic minority children face the highest odds of growing up in both multidimensional poverty and income poverty. We find similar levels of persistence in multidimensional poverty and income poverty, with 17 per cent (18 per cent) of children experiencing persistent multidimensional (income) poverty and 10 per cent of children experiencing both persistent multidimensional poverty and persistent income poverty. Multidimensional poverty (both episodic and persistent) also has a detrimental impact on children's development over and above the negative impact of income poverty.
Pilot study on preventing anastomotic leakage in stapled gastroesophageal anastomosis
Authors: Zhang Shijie , Huang Weiming , Liu Xiangzheng , Li Jian 
Published: November 2017

BackgroundThis study explored how to improve the surgical technique to reduce or avoid anastomotic leakage.MethodsFrom January 2012 to December 2016, 101 consecutive patients with cancer of the esophagus or gastroesophageal junction underwent stapled gastroesophageal anastomosis. The procedure included creating a tube‐type stomach, fixing an inserted anvil, inspecting mucosa‐to‐mucosa alignment in the lumen under direct vision after firing the stapler, and, if found, manually repairing a rupture of the mucous membrane of the anastomosis.ResultsA rupture of the mucous membrane of the anastomosis was found in four out of the 101 patients and manually repaired. No postsurgical anastomotic leakage occurred. All patients recovered well and the average postoperative stay was 10.4 days. There was no mortality within 30 days after surgery.ConclusionIt is critical to inspect the integrality of the luminal mucous membrane of the anastomosis under direct vision in order to prevent anastomotic leakage in surgical resection of esophageal and gastroesophageal junction malignancies.
SIRT3 deregulation is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Lee Junghee , Kim Yunha , Liu Tian , Hwang Yu Jin , Hyeon Seung Jae , Im Hyeonjoo , Lee Kyungeun , Alvarez Victor E. , McKee Ann C. , Um Soo‐Jong , Hur Manwook , Mook‐Jung Inhee , Kowall Neil W. , Ryu Hoon 
Published: November 2017

SummaryAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly. Despite decades of study, effective treatments for AD are lacking. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been closely linked to the pathogenesis of AD, but the relationship between mitochondrial pathology and neuronal damage is poorly understood. Sirtuins (SIRT, silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog in yeast) are NAD‐dependent histone deacetylases involved in aging and longevity. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between SIRT3 and mitochondrial function and neuronal activity in AD. SIRT3 mRNA and protein levels were significantly decreased in AD cerebral cortex, and Ac‐p53 K320 was significantly increased in AD mitochondria. SIRT3 prevented p53‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal damage in a deacetylase activity‐dependent manner. Notably, mitochondrially targeted p53 (mito‐p53) directly reduced mitochondria DNA‐encoded ND2 and ND4 gene expression resulting in increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption. ND2 and ND4 gene expressions were significantly decreased in patients with AD. p53‐ChIP analysis verified the presence of p53‐binding elements in the human mitochondrial genome and increased p53 occupancy of mitochondrial DNA in AD. SIRT3 overexpression restored the expression of ND2 and ND4 and improved mitochondrial oxygen consumption by repressing mito‐p53 activity. Our results indicate that SIRT3 dysfunction leads to p53‐mediated mitochondrial and neuronal damage in AD. Therapeutic modulation of SIRT3 activity may ameliorate mitochondrial pathology and neurodegeneration in AD.
Opioid dependence and pregnancy in early twentieth‐century America
Authors: Tauger Nathan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackground and AimsResearch on Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome has prompted discussion over how to ensure best outcomes for pregnant women who use drugs and for drug‐dependent newborns. Before Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome and the 1980s panic of “crack babies,” turn‐of‐the‐century American medical journals discussed infants born to drug‐using mothers. This paper aimed to determine whether women who used drugs while pregnant in early twentieth‐century America were subject to the stigma many face today.MethodsRecords from early twentieth century medical journals, narcotic maintenance clinics, prisons that held drug users, and conferences on narcotics were examined. Dr. Charles Terry's outspokenness on drug addiction and pregnancy merited closer examination of his work, particularlyThe Opium Problem.ResultsSome physicians saw drug‐dependent newborns as scientific proof that addiction was a physiological disease and not subject to questions of morality. This theory was discarded in the 1920s. In that decade, beliefs that children born to drug‐using parents threatened national well‐being proliferated. Following formal medicine's retreat from addiction treatment, research on drug addiction and pregnancy fell into obscurity until decades later.ConclusionsThe precedent that women who use drugs while pregnant deserve humane treatment extends to the early twentieth century in the US. From 1910 to 1930, perceptions of infants of drug‐using women changed from hopeful to fearful.
NUT Co Reactivity ‐ ACquiring Knowledge for Elimination Recommendations (NUT CRACKER) study
Authors: Elizur A. , Appel M. Y. , Nachshon L. , Levy M. B. , Epstein‐Rigbi N. , Golobov K. , Goldberg M. R. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundAmbiguities exist regarding the diagnosis of tree‐nut allergy, necessitating either their elimination or the performance of oral food challenges (OFCs).ObjectiveTo examine the coincidences of allergies among tree‐nuts and improve diagnostic testing to minimize the need for OFC.MethodsEighty‐three patients prospectively evaluated for walnut, pecan, cashew, pistachio, hazelnut, and almond allergy. A history of previous reactions was obtained, and standardized skin prick tests (SPTs) using finely ground tree‐nut solution and basophil activation tests (BAT) were performed. Patients underwent OFC for each tree‐nut they eliminated and to which a reaction in the previous 2 years was not documented.ResultsWhile most patients were sensitized to 5‐6 tree‐nuts, over 50% were allergic to only 1‐2 tree‐nuts. The highest rate of allergy in sensitized patients was observed for walnut (74.6%) and cashew (65.6%). The rate of co‐allergy for most tree‐nuts was <30%. Two‐thirds of walnut‐ and cashew‐allergic patients were also allergic to pecan and pistachio, respectively, while all pecan‐ and pistachio‐allergic patients were allergic to walnut and cashew, respectively. Receiver‐operating characteristic analysis for SPT and BAT was tree‐nut dependent and yielded area under the curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.75 to 0.94. Knowledge of coincident allergies in these pairs along with the combination of SPT and BAT correctly distinguished allergic from tolerant patients for walnut (87%), pecan (66%), cashew (71%), and pistachio (79%).ConclusionThe data presented here should assist in differentiating between allergic and tolerant patients, decrease the need for OFC, and allow for appropriate elimination recommendations.
Age‐related macular degeneration: using morphological predictors to modify current treatment protocols
Authors: Ashraf Mohammed , Souka Ahmed , Adelman Ron A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractTo assess predictors of treatment response in neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) in an attempt to develop a patient‐centric treatment algorithm. We conducted a systematic search using PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science for prognostic indicators/predictive factors with the key words: ‘age related macular degeneration’, ‘neovascular AMD’, ‘choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV)’, ‘anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor (anti‐VEGF)’, ‘aflibercept’, ‘ranibizumab’, ‘bevacizumab’, ‘randomized clinical trials’, ‘post‐hoc’, ‘prognostic’, ‘predictive’, ‘response’ ‘injection frequency, ‘treat and extend (TAE), ‘pro re nata (PRN)’, ‘bi‐monthly’ and ‘quarterly’. We only included studies that had an adequate period of follow‐up (>1 year), a single predefined treatment regimen with a predetermined re‐injection criteria, an adequate number of patients, specific morphological [optical coherence tomography (OCT)] criteria that predicted final visual outcomes and injection frequency and did not include switching from one drug to the other. We were able to identify seven prospective studies and 16 retrospective studies meeting our inclusion criteria. There are several morphological and demographic prognostic indicators that can predict response to therapy in wet AMD. Smaller CNV size, subretinal fluid (SRF), retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) and response to therapy at 12 weeks (visual, angiographic or OCT) can all predict good visual outcomes in patients receiving anti‐VEGF therapy. Patients with larger CNV, older age, pigment epithelial detachment (PED), intraretinal cysts (IRC) and vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) achieved less visual gains. Patients having VMA/VMT required more intensive treatment with increased treatment frequency. Patients with both posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and SRF require infrequent injections. Patients with PED are prone to recurrences of fluid activity with a reduction in visual acuity (VA). A regimen that involves less intensive therapy and extended follow‐up intervals (4 weekly) can be suggested for patients who show adequate visual response and have both SRF and PVD at baseline. In addition, patients with poor prognostic indicators such as IRC, VMA, large CNV size, older age and poor response at 12 weeks should be extended very cautiously with the possibility of fixed monthly/bimonthly (every 2 months) treatments if they fail to achieve dryness. Patients with PED at baseline should receive monthly/bimonthly injections of anti‐VEGF therapy or can be extended very cautiously (two weekly intervals) using a TAE protocol.
Randomized controlled trial of electro‐stimulation therapies to modulate retinal blood flow and visual function in retinitis pigmentosa
Authors: Bittner Ava K. , Seger Kenneth , Salveson Rachel , Kayser Samantha , Morrison Natalia , Vargas Patricia , Mendelsohn Deborah , Han Jorge , Bi Hua , Dagnelie Gislin , Benavente Alexandra , Ramella‐Roman Jessica 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPurposeWe examined changes in visual function and ocular and retinal blood flow (RBF) among retinitis pigmentosa (RP) participants in a randomized controlled trial of electro‐stimulation therapies.MethodsTwenty‐one RP participants were randomized (1:1:1) to transcorneal electrical stimulation (TES) at 6 weekly half‐hour sessions, electro‐acupuncture or inactive laser acupuncture (sham control) at 10 half‐hour sessions over 2 weeks. Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) visual acuity (VA), quick contrast sensitivity function, Goldmann visual fields, AdaptDx scotopic sensitivity, spectral flow and colour Doppler imaging of the central retinal artery (CRA), and RBF in macular capillaries were measured twice pre‐treatment, after 2 TES sessions, within a week and a month after intervention completion.ResultsWe measured a significant improvement in retrobulbar CRA mean flow velocity for both the TES (p = 0.038) and electro‐acupuncture groups (p = 0.001) on average after 2 weeks of treatment when compared to sham controls. Transcorneal electrical simulation (TES) and electro‐acupuncture subjects had significant 55% and 34% greater increases, respectively, in RBF in the macular vessels when compared to sham controls (p < 0.001; p = 0.008) within a week of completing six TES sessions or a month after electro‐acupuncture. There was a significant difference in the proportion of eyes that had improved visual function when comparing the three intervention groups (p = 0.038): four of seven TES subjects (57%), two of seven electro‐acupuncture subjects (29%) and none of the seven control subjects (0%) had a significant visual improvement outside of typical test–retest variability at two consecutive post‐treatment visits.ConclusionIncreased blood flow following electro‐stimulation therapies is an objective, physiological change that occurred in addition to visual function improvements in some RP patients.