bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients are willing to use telehealth for the multidisciplinary management of chronic musculoskeletal conditions: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Cottrell Michelle A , Hill Anne J , O’Leary Shaun P , Raymer Maree E , Russell Trevor G 
Published: April 2017

Introduction Access to specialised multidisciplinary healthcare services is difficult for many patients with chronic musculoskeletal conditions. A possible solution could be delivery of care via telehealth. This study aims to identify current barriers in accessing healthcare services, and to determine if telehealth is an acceptable mode of healthcare delivery, from the perspective of patients with chronic musculoskeletal conditions. Methods Surveys were distributed to current patients receiving care within the Neurosurgical and Orthopaedic Physiotherapy Screening Clinic and Multidisciplinary Service (N/OPSC & MDS) at six facilities throughout Queensland, Australia. The 48-item survey evaluated five key areas including demographics; current barriers to attendance; satisfaction with current management provided by the N/OPSC & MDS; technology access and literacy; and attitudes and preference towards telehealth. Results In total, 85 patients (71%) completed the survey. The majority of patients were satisfied overall with the N/OPSC & MDS, but almost one-quarter of the patients reported ceasing treatment due to difficulty accessing services. Over half of the respondents were willing to use telehealth if it reduced the costs (53%) and time (57%) associated with attending appointments. Patients in paid employment were more likely (65%) to use telehealth if it reduced work absenteeism. Overall, 78% of patients were identified as having appropriate technology access to enable home telehealth. Specifically, 43% of patients would prefer home telehealth over having to travel to attend their appointments. Discussion The majority of N/OPSC & MDS patients are willing to engage in telehealth for the management of their chronic musculoskeletal condition. These findings justify consideration of telehealth as an additional method of service delivery within the existing N/OPSC & MD service.
Montessori-Based Activities Among Persons with Late-Stage Dementia: Evaluation of Mental and Behavioral Health Outcomes
Authors: Wilks Scott E , Boyd P August , Bates Samantha M , Cain Daphne S , Geiger Jennifer R 
Published: April 2017

Objectives Literature regarding Montessori-based activities with older adults with dementia is fairly common with early stages of dementia. Conversely, research on said activities with individuals experiencing late-stage dementia is limited because of logistical difficulties in sampling and data collection. Given the need to understand risks and benefits of treatments for individuals with late-stage dementia, specifically regarding their mental and behavioral health, this study sought to evaluate the effects of a Montessori-based activity program implemented in a long-term care facility. Method Utilizing an interrupted time series design, trained staff completed observation-based measures for 43 residents with late-stage dementia at three intervals over six months. Empirical measures assessed mental health (anxiety, psychological well-being, quality of life) and behavioral health (problem behaviors, social engagement, capacity for activities of daily living). Results Group differences were observed via repeated measures ANOVA and paired-samples t-tests. The aggregate, longitudinal results—from baseline to final data interval—for the psychological and behavioral health measures were as follows: problem behaviors diminished though not significantly; social engagement decreased significantly; capacities for activities of daily living decreased significantly; quality of life increased slightly but not significantly; anxiety decreased slightly but not significantly; and psychological well-being significantly decreased. Conclusion Improvements observed for quality of life and problem behaviors may yield promise for Montessori-based activities and related health care practices. The rapid physiological and cognitive deterioration from late-stage dementia should be considered when interpreting these results.
A Pilot Study Evaluating the Use of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Perfusion MRI to Predict Local Recurrence After Radiosurgery on Spinal Metastases
Authors: Kumar Kiran A. , Peck Kyung K. , Karimi Sasan , Lis Eric , Holodny Andrei I. , Bilsky Mark H. , Yamada Yoshiya 
Published: April 2017

Purpose: Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging offers noninvasive characterization of the vascular microenvironment and hemodynamics. Stereotactic radiosurgery, or stereotactic body radiation therapy, engages a vascular component of the tumor response which may be detectable using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. The purpose of this study is to examine whether dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging can be used to predict local tumor recurrence in patients with spinal bone metastases who undergo high-dose radiotherapy with stereotactic radiosurgery. Materials and Methods: We conducted a study of 30 patients with spinal metastases who underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging before and after radiotherapy. Twenty patients received single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (24 Gy), while 10 received hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (3-5 fractions, 27-30 Gy total). Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate the actuarial local recurrence rates. Two perfusion parameters (Ktrans: permeability and Vp: plasma volume) were measured for each metastasis. Percentage change in parameter values from pre- to posttreatment was calculated and compared. Results: At 20-month median follow-up, 5 of the 30 patients had pathological evidence of local recurrence. One- and 3-year actuarial local recurrence rates were 24% and 44% for the hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery cohort versus 5% and 16% for the single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery cohort ( P = .20). The average change in Vp and Ktrans for patients without local recurrence versus those with local recurrence was −76% and −66% versus +28% and −14% ( P < .01 for both). With a cutoff point of −20%, Vp had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 100%, 98%, 91%, and 100%, respectively, for the detection of local recurrence following high-dose radiotherapy. Using this definition, dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging identified local recurrence up to 18 months (mean [standard deviation], 6.6 [6.8] months) earlier than standard magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusions: We demonstrated that changes in perfusion parameters, particularly Vp, after high-dose radiotherapy to spinal bone metastases were predictive of local tumor recurrence. These changes predicted local recurrence on average >6 months earlier than standard imaging did.
Incidental detection by computed tomography is an independent prognostic factor for survival in patients operated for nonsmall cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Orrason Andri W. , Sigurdsson Martin I. , Baldvinsson Kristjan , Thorsteinsson Hunbogi , Jonsson Steinn , Gudbjartsson Tomas 
Published: April 2017

We studied the rate of incidental detection of lung carcinomas and its effect on long-term survival in a nationwide cohort of patients operated for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
All patients operated for NSCLC in Iceland during 1991�2010 were included. Demographic and clinicopathological features were compared in patients diagnosed incidentally using chest radiography or computed tomography (CT), and in those with symptomatic presentation. Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate prognostic factors.
Out of 508 patients, 174 (34%) were diagnosed incidentally; in 26% of cases by chest radiography and in 8% by CT. The CT-detected tumours were significantly smaller than symptomatic tumours, diagnosed at earlier TNM (tumour, node and metastasis) stages and more often of adenocarcinoma histology. 5-year cancer-specific survival for symptomatic
versus
incidentally diagnosed patients detected by chest radiography and CT was 41%, 57% and 68%, respectively (p=0.003). After adjusting for stage, the hazard ratio (HR) for NSCLC mortality was significantly lower for incidental diagnosis by CT (HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.31-0.98; p=0.04) compared to incidental diagnosis by chest radiography (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.70-1.27; p=0.71) or symptomatic diagnosis (HR 1.0).
One-third of surgically treated NSCLCs were detected incidentally, with an increasing rate of incidental CT diagnosis. NSCLC patients diagnosed incidentally by CT appear to have better survival than those diagnosed incidentally by chest radiography, and particularly those who present with symptoms.
Weak convergence theorems for split feasibility problems on zeros of the sum of monotone operators and fixed point sets in Hilbert spaces
Authors: Suwannaprapa Montira , Petrot Narin , Suantai Suthep 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a type of split feasibility problem by focusing on the solution sets of two important problems in the setting of Hilbert spaces that are the sum of monotone operators and fixed point problems. By assuming the existence of solutions, we provide a suitable algorithm for finding a solution point. Some important applications and numerical experiments of the considered problem and constructed algorithm are also discussed.
Wash-in and wash-out of sevoflurane in a test-lung model: A comparison between Aisys and FLOW-i
Authors: Jakobsson Petter , Lindgren Madleine , Jakobsson Jan G. 
Published: April 2017

Background:Modern anaesthesia workstations are reassuringly tight and are equipped with effective gas monitoring, thus providing good opportunities for low/minimal flow anaesthesia. A prerequisite for effective low flow anaesthesia is the possibility to rapidly increase and decrease gas concentrations in the circle system, thereby controlling the depth of anaesthesia. Methods:We studied the wash-in and wash-out of sevoflurane in the circle system with fixed fresh gas flow and vaporizer setting. We compared two modern anaesthesia work stations, the Aisys (GE, Madison, WI, USA) and FLOW-i (Maquet, Solna, Sweden) in a test lung model. Results: We found fresh-gas flow to have, as expected, a major influence on wash-in, as well as wash-out of sevoflurane. The wash-in time to reach a stable circle 1 MAC (2.1%) decreased from an average of 547 ± 83 seconds with a constant fresh gas flow of 300 ml/min and vaporizer setting of 8%, to a mean of 38 ± 6 seconds at a fresh gas flow of 4 L/min. There were only minor differences between the two works-stations tested; the Aisys was slightly faster at both 300 and 4 L/min flow. Time to further increase circle end-tidal concentration from 1-1.5 MAC showed likewise significant associations to fresh gas and decreased from 330 ± 24 seconds at 300 ml/min. to less than a minute at constant 4 L/min (17 ± 11 seconds), without anaesthetic machine difference. Wash-out was also fresh gas flow dependent and plateaued at 7.5 L/min. Conclusions: Circle system wash-in and wash-out show clear fresh gas dependency and varies somewhat between the Aisys and Flow-i. The circle saturation, reaching 1 MAC end-tidal or increasing from 1-1.5 MAC can be achieved with both work-stations within 1.5 minutes at a constant fresh gas flow of 2 and 4 L/min. Wash-out plateaued at 7.5 L/min.
Gene length and detection bias in single cell RNA sequencing protocols
Authors: Phipson Belinda , Zappia Luke , Oshlack Alicia 
Published: April 2017

Background: Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has rapidly gained popularity for profiling transcriptomes of hundreds to thousands of single cells. This technology has led to the discovery of novel cell types and revealed insights into the development of complex tissues. However, many technical challenges need to be overcome during data generation. Due to minute amounts of starting material, samples undergo extensive amplification, increasing technical variability. A solution for mitigating amplification biases is to include unique molecular identifiers (UMIs), which tag individual molecules. Transcript abundances are then estimated from the number of unique UMIs aligning to a specific gene, with PCR duplicates resulting in copies of the UMI not included in expression estimates. Methods: Here we investigate the effect of gene length bias in scRNA-Seq across a variety of datasets that differ in terms of capture technology, library preparation, cell types and species. Results: We find that scRNA-seq datasets that have been sequenced using a full-length transcript protocol exhibit gene length bias akin to bulk RNA-seq data. Specifically, shorter genes tend to have lower counts and a higher rate of dropout. In contrast, protocols that include UMIs do not exhibit gene length bias, with a mostly uniform rate of dropout across genes of varying length. Across four different scRNA-Seq datasets profiling mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), we found the subset of genes that are only detected in the UMI datasets tended to be shorter, while the subset of genes detected only in the full-length datasets tended to be longer. Conclusions: We find that the choice of scRNA-seq protocol influences the detection rate of genes, and that full-length datasets exhibit gene-length bias. In addition, despite clear differences between UMI and full-length transcript data, we illustrate that full-length and UMI data can be combined to reveal the underlying biology influencing expression of mESCs.
Hide-and-Seek Games on a Network, Using Combinatorial Search Paths
Authors: Alpern Steve 
Published: April 2017

This paper introduces a new search paradigm to hide-and-seek games on networks. The Hider locates at any point on any arc. The Searcher adopts a “combinatorial” path when searching the network: a sequence of arcs, each adjacent to the last, and traced out at unit speed. In previous literature the Searcher was allowed “simple motion,” any unit speed path, including ones that turn around inside an arc. The new approach more closely models real problems such as search for improvised explosive devices using vehicles that can only turn around at particular locations on a road. The search game is zero sum, with the time taken to find the Hider as the payoff. Using a lemma giving an upper bound for the expected search time on a semi Eulerian network, we solve the search game on a network Q3 consisting of two nodes connected by three arcs of arbitrary lengths. When two Q3 networks with unit length arcs are linked by two small central arcs incident at the start node, one of these arcs must be traversed at least three times in an optimal search. This property holds for both combinatorial paths and simple motion paths, and the latter makes it a counterexample to a conjecture of Gal, which said that two traversals were always sufficient.
Early migration of a partially cemented fluted glenoid component inserted using a cannulated preparation system
Authors: Nuttall D. , Birch A. , Haines J. F. , Watts A. C. , Trail I. A. 
Published: April 2017

AimsRadiostereometric analysis (RSA) allows an extremely accurate measurement of early micromotion of components following arthroplasty.Patients and MethodsIn this study, RSA was used to measure the migration of 11 partially cemented fluted pegged glenoid components in patients with osteoarthritis who underwent total shoulder arthroplasty using an improved surgical technique (seven men, four women, mean age 68). Patients were evaluated clinically using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) and Constant-Murley scores and by CT scans two years post-operatively.ResultsThere were two patterns of migration, the first showing little, if any, migration and the second showing rotation by > 6° as early as three months post-operatively. At two years, these two groups could be confirmed on CT scans, one with osseointegration around the central peg, and the second with cystic changes. Patients with osteolysis around the central peg were those with early migration and those with osseointegration had minimal early migration. Both groups,however,had similar clinical results.ConclusionRapid early migration associated with focal lucency and absence of osseointegration was observed in three of 11 glenoid components, suggesting that lack of initial stability leads to early movement and failure of osseointegration. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:674–9.
Five-year clinical and radiological outcomes in 257 consecutive cementless Oxford medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasties
Authors: Blaney J. , Harty H. , Doran E. , O’Brien S. , Hill J. , Dobie I. , Beverland D. 
Published: April 2017

AimsOur aim was to examine the clinical and radiographic outcomes in 257 consecutive Oxford unicompartmental knee arthroplasties (OUKAs) (238 patients), five years post-operatively.Patients and MethodsA retrospective evaluation was undertaken of patients treated between April 2008 and October 2010 in a regional centre by two non-designing surgeons with no previous experience of UKAs. The Oxford Knee Scores (OKSs) were recorded and fluoroscopically aligned radiographs were assessed post-operatively at one and five years.ResultsThe median age of the 238 patients was 65.0 years (interquartile range (IQR) 59.0 to 73.0), the median body mas index was 30.0 (IQR 27.5 to 33.0) and 51.7% were male. There were no intra-operative complications. There was a significant improvement in the median OKS at six weeks (34, IQR 31.0 to 37.0), one year (38, IQR 29.0 to 43.0) and five years (37, IQR 27.0 to 42.0) when compared with the pre-operative scores (16, IQR 13.0 to 19.0) (all p = < 0.01). No patient had progressive radiolucent lines or loosening. A total of 16 patients had died by five years. The cumulative survival at five years was 98.8% and the mean survival time was 5.8 years (95% confidence interval 5.6 to 5.9). A total of seven OUKAs (2.7%) were revised; three within five years and four thereafter, between 5.1 and 5.7 years post-operatively. Five (1.9%) had re-operations within five years.ConclusionThe proportion of patients requiring revision at five years is lower than that generally reported for UKA. These findings add support for the use of the cementless OUKA outside the design centre. Longer follow-up is required. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:623–31.
The segment-dependent changes in lumbar intervertebral space height during flexion-extension motion
Authors: Fu M. , Ye Q. , Jiang C. , Qian L. , Xu D. , Wang Y. , Sun P. , Ouyang J. 
Published: April 2017

Objectives Many studies have investigated the kinematics of the lumbar spine and the morphological features of the lumbar discs. However, the segment-dependent immediate changes of the lumbar intervertebral space height during flexion-extension motion are still unclear. This study examined the changes of intervertebral space height during flexion-extension motion of lumbar specimens. Methods First, we validated the accuracy and repeatability of a custom-made mechanical loading equipment set-up. Eight lumbar specimens underwent CT scanning in flexion, neural, and extension positions by using the equipment set-up. The changes in the disc height and distance between adjacent two pedicle screw entry points (DASEP) of the posterior approach at different lumbar levels (L3/4, L4/5 and L5/S1) were examined on three-dimensional lumbar models, which were reconstructed from the CT images. Results All the vertebral motion segments (L3/4, L4/5 and L5/S1) had greater changes in disc height and DASEP from neutral to flexion than from neutral to extension. The change in anterior disc height gradually increased from upper to lower levels, from neutral to flexion. The changes in anterior and posterior disc heights were similar at the L4/5 level from neutral to extension, but the changes in anterior disc height were significantly greater than those in posterior disc height at the L3/4 and L5/S1 levels, from neutral to extension. Conclusions The lumbar motion segment showed level-specific changes in disc height and DASEP. The data may be helpful in understanding the physiologic dynamic characteristics of the lumbar spine and in optimising the parameters of lumbar surgical instruments. Cite this article: M. Fu, Q. Ye, C. Jiang, L. Qian, D. Xu, Y. Wang, P. Sun, J. Ouyang. The segment-dependent changes in lumbar intervertebral space height during flexion-extension motion. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:245–252. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.64.BJR-2016-0245.R1.
Stability of the Hydronium Cation in the Structure of Illite
Authors: Escamilla-Roa Elizabeth , Nieto Fernando , Sainz-Díaz C. Ignacio 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSome aspects of the crystal structure of illite are not understood properly yet, in spite of its abundance and significance as a component of soils, sediments, and low-grade metamorphic rocks. The present study aimed to explore the role of hydronium cations in the interlayer space of illite in a theoreticalexperimental approach in order to clarify previous controversial reports. The infrared spectroscopy of this mineral has been studied experimentally and by means of atomistic calculations at the quantum mechanical level. The tetrahedral charge is critical for the stability of the hydronium cations, the presence of which has probably been underestimated in previous studies. In the present study, computational studies have shown that the hydronium cations in aqueous solutions are likely to be intercalated in the interlayer space of illite, exchanging for K cations. During the drying process these cations are stabilized by hydrogen bonds in the interlayer space of illite.
Copeptin Associates with Cause-Specific Mortality in Patients with Impaired Renal Function: Results from the LURIC and the 4D Study
Authors: Krane Vera , Genser Bernd , Kleber Marcus E , Drechsler Christiane , März Winfried , Delgado Graciela , Allolio Bruno , Wanner Christoph , Fenske Wiebke 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
In chronic kidney disease (CKD) arginine vasopressin (AVP) cannot efficiently act via renal V2-receptors. AVP is upregulated leading to augmented activation of V1a- and V1b-receptors, which might contribute to the increase in cardiovascular and infectious complications in CKD. Here, we evaluate copeptin, a surrogate of AVP, and its association with cause specific mortality among patients within the whole spectrum of renal function.

METHODS
Copeptin was measured in baseline samples from the LURIC (n = 3131 patients with coronary angiograms) and the 4D-Study (n = 1241 type 2 diabetic hemodialysis patients). Patients were stratified into 4 groups: estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2, 60–89 mL/min/1.73 m2, &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2, and hemodialysis. The association of copeptin with mortality was assessed by Cox proportional hazards regression during 9.9 years of median follow-up in the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) study and 4 years of median follow-up in the German Diabetes Dialysis Study (4D-Study).

RESULTS
Median copeptin increased with decreasing eGFR: 5.6 [interquartile range (IQR), 3.1–8.1] pmol/L (eGFR ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2), 6.7 (2.9–10.5) pmol/L (eGFR 60–89 mL/min/1.73 m2), 15.3 (6.7–23.9) pmol/L (eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2), and 80.8 (51.2–122) pmol/L (hemodialysis), respectively. Per SD increase in copeptin, the risk of coronary, infectious, and all-cause mortality increased by 25, 30, and 15% [hazard ratios (HR), 1.25; 95% CI, 1.13–1.39; HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.98–1.71; and HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.05–1.25], respectively, in patients with eGFR 60–89 mL/min/1.73 m2. Except for coronary death, results were similar among patients with more advanced renal disease. No significant association was found in patients with normal renal function.

CONCLUSIONS
Copeptin concentrations were independently associated with coronary, infectious, and all-cause mortality in patients with renal impairment. In patients with normal renal function no significant association was found.