bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Cognitive Impairment: Understanding the Importance of Co-Morbid Symptoms
Authors: Mortby Moyra E. , Burns Richard , Eramudugolla Ranmalee , Ismail Zahinoor , Anstey Kaarin J. 
Published: June 2017

Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in older adults with cognitive impairment, yet little is known about population-based prevalence and clinical implications of co-morbid symptom presentation across the spectrum from normal cognition to dementia. Objective: To characterize the prevalence of NPS and explore the clinical implications of co-morbid symptom presentation. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 1,417 older adults (aged 73–79) with dementia ( n = 40); with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 133); who are ‘cognitively normal, but-at-risk’ (CN-AR; n = 397); and who are cognitively normal ( n = 847). NPS were assessed by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Cluster analyses were conducted using a latent class analysis (LCA). Results: NPS are highly prevalent across the cognitive function spectrum (30.8% –80%). NPS were associated with a 3-fold increased risk of dementia, a 2-fold increased risk of MCI, and a 1.5-times increased risk of CN-AR. Each additional co-morbid symptom was associated with an additional 1.5-times increased risk of dementia, but not MCI or CN-AR. LCA revealed four distinctive sub-populations: 1) frontal/low comorbidity; 2) high prevalence/high comorbidity; 3) affective/low comorbidity; and 4) sleep/low comorbidity. Conclusion: Our findings confirm previous reports on the prevalence of NPS in community-based samples and are consistent with the profiles of NPS domain characteristics of MCI and dementia. Number of co-morbid NPS and not symptom clusters are associated with increased risk of dementia. Understanding such patterns will help inform our understanding of mild behavioral disorders and assist with clinical assessment.
Translational motion correction algorithm for truncated cone-beam CT using opposite projections
Authors: Gu Jawook , Bae Woong , Ye Jong Chul 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is widely used in various medical imaging applications, including dental examinations. Dental CBCT images often suffer from motion artifacts caused by involuntary rigid motion of patients. However, earlier motion compensation studies are not applicable for dental CBCT systems using truncated detectors. OBJECTIVE: This study proposes a novel motion correction algorithm that can be applied for truncated dental CBCT images. METHODS: We propose a two-step method for motion correction. First, we estimate the relative displacement of each pair of opposite projections by finding the motion vector that maximizes the two-dimensional correlation coefficients of the opposite projections. Second, we convert the relative displacement into the absolute coordinate motion that yields the highest image sharpness of the reconstruction image. Using the motion vectors in the absolute coordinate system, motion artifacts are then compensated by modifying the trajectory of the source and detector during the back-projection step of the image reconstruction process. RESULTS: In simulation, the proposed method successfully estimated the true relative displacement. After converting to the absolute coordinate motions, the motion-compensated image was close to the ground-truth image and exhibited a lower mean-square-error than that of the uncompensated image. The results from the real data experiment also confirmed that the proposed method successfully compensated for the motion artifacts. CONCLUSIONS: The experimental results confirmed that the proposed method was applicable to most dental CBCT systems using a truncated detector without any use of an additional motion tracking system nor prior knowledge.
Disparities in liver cancer occurrence in the United States by race/ethnicity and state
Authors: Islami Farhad , Miller Kimberly D. , Siegel Rebecca L. , Fedewa Stacey A. , Ward Elizabeth M. , Jemal Ahmedin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractLiver cancer is highly fatal, and death rates in the United States are increasing faster than for any other cancer, having doubled since the mid‐1980s. In 2017, it is estimated that the disease will account for about 41,000 new cancer cases and 29,000 cancer deaths in the United States. In this article, data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program and the National Center for Health Statistics are used to provide an overview of liver cancer incidence, mortality, and survival rates and trends, including data by race/ethnicity and state. The prevalence of major risk factors for liver cancer is also reported based on national survey data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Despite the improvement in liver cancer survival in recent decades, only 1 in 5 patients survives 5 years after diagnosis. There is substantial disparity in liver cancer death rates by race/ethnicity (from 5.5 per 100,000 in non‐Hispanic whites to 11.9 per 100,000 in American Indians/Alaska Natives) and state (from 3.8 per 100,000 in North Dakota to 9.6 per 100,000 in the District of Columbia) and by race/ethnicity within states. Differences in risk factor prevalence account for much of the observed variation in liver cancer rates. Thus, in contrast to the growing burden, a substantial proportion of liver cancer deaths could be averted, and existing disparities could be dramatically reduced, through the targeted application of existing knowledge in prevention, early detection, and treatment, including improvements in vaccination against hepatitis B virus, screening and treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus infections, maintaining a healthy body weight, access to high‐quality diabetes care, preventing excessive alcohol drinking, and tobacco control, at both the state and national levels. CA Cancer J Clin 2017;67:273–289. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Jordan Derivations on Lie Ideals of ?-Prime Rings
Authors: Paul Akhil Chandra , Rahman Md Mizanor 
Published: June 2017

In this paper we prove that, if U is a s-square closed Lie ideal of a 2-torsion free s-prime ring R and d: R(R is an additive mapping satisfying d(u2)=d(u)u+ud(u) for all u?U then d(uv)=d(u)v+ud(v) holds for all u,v?UGANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc.Vol. 36 (2016) 1-5
De Charles Perrault à Amélie Nothomb
Authors: Fonseca Christiane 
Published: June 2017

En dépit d’un certain nombre de points communs entre La Barbe Bleue de Perrault et le Barbe Bleue d’Amélie Nothomb, les différences sont frappantes : en effet, les rôles des personnages masculins et féminins sont complètement inversés. La Barbe Bleue de Perrault est un homme fortuné, bestial et monstrueux. Il interdit à son épouse d’ouvrir la porte d’un cabinet secret. Sans expérience et sans défense, elle cède à sa curiosité et n’échappe à la mort que grâce à ses frères. Au contraire, Don Elemirio, le Barbe Bleue d’Amélie Nothomb, est un noble espagnol, esthète, épris de l’or comme un alchimiste. Il interdit aussi l’accès d’une chambre noire à sa colocataire dont il tombe amoureux. Féministe et rationnelle, elle lui tient tête et, même au moment où elle commence à l’aimer, elle l’entraîne dans la mort mais, mystérieusement, elle perd aussi la vie. La violence archaïque, présente en chacun de nous, demeure une source d’effroi et de fascination.
Barbe Bleue et nous
Authors: Gaillard Christian 
Published: June 2017

Dans ces deux articles, l’auteur se propose de dégager l’enjeu structurellement et radicalement commun aux différentes versions de l’histoire de Barbe Bleue en analysant ce qui s’en trouve plus ou moins exprimé dans le conte de Perrault, dans les gravures réalisées à ce propos par Gustave Doré, et dans une psychanalyse d’aujourd’hui. Il montre tout d’abord comment les gravures de Gustave Doré font voir et vivre, et par là révèlent, ce que Perrault a raconté à sa manière en en faisant un conte pour enfants assorti de « morales » bien rassurantes. Il s’appuie alors sur certains moments des Souvenirs de Jung et sur un précédent essai qu’il a consacré à « Jung, Picasso et le bleu », pour montrer qu’il s’agit là en fait d’une nekyia dont il faut se demander comment on peut se sortir. De là, en un deuxième temps, il montre comment une jeune femme d’aujourd’hui en est venue à se resituer dans son histoire en s’engageant dans ce qu’il appelle « les quatre dimensions d’une analyse » : le décours de la vie au fil d’une analyse, la reviviscence de l’enfance, les transformations de la vie imaginaire et symbolique, l’expérience et l’analyse de la relation transférentielle.
Cuatro textos aljamiados
Authors: Suárez García Raquel 
Published: June 2017

Este trabajo presenta la edición completa de los 85 folios conservados que forman el manuscrito 614 de la Biliothèque nationale d’Algérie, uno de los dos únicos manuscritos aljamiado-moriscos que se conservan en el norte de África. Este manuscrito contiene cuatro textos distintos: La alguacía de cAlī (fols. 1r.º-37r.º), los castigos del ficho de ’Ādam (fols. 37v.º-54v.º), Las demandas de los diez sabios chudíos con l-anabī Muhammad (fols. 55v.º-77r.º) y el Capítulo de lo que á de creer y-obrar el muçlim (fols. 78r.º-85v.º). Esta edición del ms. BNA 614 tiene como objetivo dar a conocer la versión concreta que presentan las piezas que lo integran, reflejando tanto sus particularidades textuales como sus peculiaridades lingüísticas y gráficas.
TLR9 Regulates the NF-κB–NLRP3–IL-1β Pathway Negatively in Salmonella-Induced NKG2D-Mediated Intestinal Inflammation
Authors: Li Yan , Liu Meifang , Zuo Zengyan , Liu Jing , Yu Xin , Guan Yun , Zhan Renhui , Han Qiuju , Zhang Jian , Zhou Rongbin , Sun Rui , Tian Zhigang , Zhang Cai 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
TLRs are key sensors for conserved bacterial molecules and play a critical role in host defense against invading pathogens. Although the roles of TLRs in defense against pathogen infection and in maintaining gut immune homeostasis have been studied, the precise functions of different TLRs in response to pathogen infection in the gut remain elusive. The present study investigated the role of TLR signaling in defense against the Gram-negative bacterial pathogen Salmonella typhimurium. The results indicated that TLR9-deficient mice were more susceptible to S. typhimurium infection compared with wild-type and TLR2- or TLR4-deficient mice, as indicated by more severe intestinal damage and the highest bacterial load. TLR9 deficiency in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) augmented the activation of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasomes significantly, resulting in increased secretion of IL-1β. IL-1β increased the expression of NKG2D on intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes and NKG2D ligands on IECs, resulting in higher susceptibility of IECs to cytotoxicity of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes and damage to the epithelial barrier. We proposed that TLR9 regulates the NF-κB–NLRP3–IL-1β pathway negatively in Salmonella-induced NKG2D-mediated intestinal inflammation and plays a critical role in defense against S. typhimurium infection and in the protection of intestinal integrity.
Monoclonal Invariant NKT (iNKT) Cell Mice Reveal a Role for Both Tissue of Origin and the TCR in Development of iNKT Functional Subsets
Authors: Clancy-Thompson Eleanor , Chen Gui Zhen , Tyler Paul M. , Servos Mariah M. , Barisa Marta , Brennan Patrick J. , Ploegh Hidde L. , Dougan Stephanie K. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Invariant NKT (iNKT) cell functional subsets are defined by key transcription factors and output of cytokines, such as IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-17, and IL-10. To examine how TCR specificity determines iNKT function, we used somatic cell nuclear transfer to generate three lines of mice cloned from iNKT nuclei. Each line uses the invariant Vα14Jα18 TCRα paired with unique Vβ7 or Vβ8.2 subunits. We examined tissue homing, expression of PLZF, T-bet, and RORγt, and cytokine profiles and found that, although monoclonal iNKT cells differentiated into all functional subsets, the NKT17 lineage was reduced or expanded depending on the TCR expressed. We examined iNKT thymic development in limited-dilution bone marrow chimeras and show that higher TCR avidity correlates with higher PLZF and reduced T-bet expression. iNKT functional subsets showed distinct tissue distribution patterns. Although each individual monoclonal TCR showed an inherent subset distribution preference that was evident across all tissues examined, the iNKT cytokine profile differed more by tissue of origin than by TCR specificity.
Athletic Trainers' Current Knowledge and Envisioned Use of Foundational Evidence-Based Practice Concepts
Authors: Manspeaker Sarah A. , Hankemeier Dorice A. 
Published: June 2017

Context:
The Board of Certification (BOC) requires 10 continuing education units (CEUs) in evidence-based practice (EBP) each reporting period. It is unknown whether participation in programming in the Foundations category for CEUs results in improved knowledge of and confidence in EBP.

Objective:
To examine a continuing professional education (CPE) program in relation to perceived knowledge of and confidence in EBP concepts among athletic trainers (ATs) and to determine ATs' perceptions regarding barriers to, use of, and resources for EBP.

Design:
Mixed-methods, within-subjects design; preintervention-postintervention evaluation of ATs' EBP knowledge and perceptions.

Setting:
A CPE workshop hosted at 2 Division I universities.

Patients or Other Participants:
Convenience sample of 123 AT workshop attendees.

Intervention(s):
Five-hour BOC-approved Foundations of EBP workshop.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
The Evidence-Based Concepts: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Use survey. The ATs' EBP knowledge was assessed via multiple-choice questions. Descriptive statistics, differences between scores, and correlations were ascertained. Open-ended questions were classified according to common themes and coded.

Results:
The 11-point knowledge score showed knowledge increased significantly (t = −12.42, P &lt; .001, d = 1.31, 95% confidence interval = −2.41, −1.75) preworkshop (mean = 6.39 ± 1.63) to postworkshop (mean = 8.47 ± 1.55). Confidence in knowledge increased significantly (z = −9.51, P &lt; .001) preworkshop (median = 26) to postworkshop (median = 38). The ATs identified barriers to EBP use as time, resources, environment, and experience in EBP; envisioned use of EBP included implementing patient-reported outcomes and internet resources.

Conclusions:
This workshop demonstrated improved immediate perceived knowledge and confidence in EBP concepts. Although a larger number of clinical EBP programs have been approved by the BOC, Foundations of EBP programming is valuable for CEU opportunities to narrow the gap regarding EBP knowledge. Future investigations may evaluate transference of EBP knowledge into professional practice.
Redefining Professional Knowledge in Athletic Training: Whose Knowledge Is It Anyway?
Authors: McKeon Patrick O. , McKeon Jennifer M. Medina , Geisler Paul R. 
Published: June 2017

Context:As athletic training continues to evolve as a profession, several epistemological considerations must be considered. These include how we generate professional knowledge and how we secure and legitimize it in both professional and public spheres.Objective:The purpose of this commentary is to provide an overview of how athletic training has defined its body of knowledge. By contrasting our professional knowledge with recent advancements in medical cognition and epistemology, we aim to provide a more robust definition of professional knowledge for our profession.Background:A profession is defined as an occupation that has a unique knowledge base and skill set that, when wielded, fulfills an ethically founded social contract with the public. One of the greatest challenges for the profession of athletic training as we move into the future is securing a knowledge base that is uniquely our own.Synthesis:In this commentary, we synthesize the process by which we secure our body of knowledge through the Role Delineation Study with emerging trends on the nature of professional knowledge from the medical and health care literature.Results:Based on the evidence presented, we propose a new definition for professional knowledge in the context of athletic training: Information that is purposefully linked together to develop the ability to explain and predict the clinical phenomena associated with the profession's social contract.Recommendation(s):As this new epistemological definition holds the potential to better structure and guide the athletic training's professional transformation, including its professional education processes, we recommend this model be considered for adoption and implementation.Conclusion(s):It is apparent that a new construct for professional knowledge, one capable of supporting the profession's infrastructure and intentions, is needed for athletic training. In addition, and crucial to the formation of our professional body's construction of knowledge, is a need for collecting multivariable outcomes concerning our ability to legitimize it.
Prevalence of Areca Nut Eating Habits and its Association with Oral Submucous Fibrosis in Preuniversity Collegegoing Adolescents of Raichur in Karnataka, India: A Prospective Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Shrikrishna Basagoudanavar H , Jyothi AC 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a well-known premalignant condition. Use of areca nut is a known cause of OSMF. More and more adolescents are becoming habitual to the use of areca nut and thus become prone for oral cancer.

Objective
To assess the prevalence of areca nut eating habits and its association with OSMF in the preuniversity college-going adolescents of Raichur in Karnataka, India.

Materials and methods
A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among the preuniversity college-going adolescents. A questionnaire was asked to be filled by them with regard to areca nut eating habits. All of them were examined by a single examiner for the detection of OSMF.

Results
Among the total of 1,208 adolescents included in the study, 527 were males and 681 were females. A total of 358 (29.64%) people accepted that they have the habit of eating areca nut. There was a significant association between areca nut eating habit and OSMF. There exists a significant relationship between the frequency and duration of areca nut eating habit with the presence of OSMF (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion
Areca nut eating habit is increasingly becoming prevalent among college-going adolescents. This needs to be addressed promptly by all concerned to prevent the occurrence of oral cancer.

How to cite this article
Shrikrishna BH, Jyothi AC. Prevalence of Areca Nut Eating Habits and its Association with Oral Submucous Fibrosis in Preuniversity College-going Adolescents of Raichur in Karnataka, India: A Prospective Cross-sectional Survey. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016;7(4):197-203.
Association of Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroid and Nonspecific Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroiditis and Its Clinicopathological Effects
Authors: Nawarathna Nadeesha J , Hewage Suwin N , Ratnayake Palitha , Seneviratne Ranjith JK 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The most common differentiated malignant thyroid neoplasm is papillary carcinoma. Association of concurrent presence of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and its subtypes with differentiated epithelial thyroid carcinoma remains controversial.

Objective
To evaluate epidemiological factors of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and association between chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and its subtypes with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Materials and methods
A total of 684 patients who underwent thyroidectomy at Teaching Hospital Kandy, Sri Lanka, for a period of two-and-half years from 2013 January were reviewed. The clinical and pathological characteristics were analyzed. Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis was diagnosed by histology.

Results
Thyroid malignancies were detected in 14.2% of thyroidectomy specimen, of which well-differentiated epithelial thyroid carcinoma was seen in 82%. Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis was present in 31%, out of which 73.1% were nonspecific chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and 26.9% were Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Gender, age, and presence of thyroiditis were significantly associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Males were more likely to have papillary carcinoma compared with females (p = 0.013). Those with nonspecific chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis were more likely to have papillary thyroid carcinoma (p = 0.002) compared with those without. With increasing age, proportion of lymphovascular invasion in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma significantly (p = 0.010) decreases. None of the three factors mentioned were significant predictors of tumor focality, capsular or lymphovascular invasion.

Conclusion
Presence of nonspecific chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis is associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma at a given age and gender. Influence of nonspecific chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis on the prognosis of well-differentiated
epithelial thyroid carcinoma needs to be investigated further
with a larger sample size.

How to cite this article
Nawarathna NJ, Hewage SN, Ratnayake P, Seneviratne RJK. Association of Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroid and Nonspecific Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroiditis and Its Clinicopathological Effects. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016;7(4):213-219.