bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die neuronalen Signale, die Wahrnehmung verändern
Authors: Krug Kristine , Parker Andrew J. 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Die neurowissenschaftliche Forschung hat enorme Fortschritte in der Entschlüsselung der neuronalen Codes unserer Sinneswahrnehmung erzielt. Von Einzelzellen in der Sehrinde des Affen bis zu Aktivitätsmustern in neuronalen Schaltkreisen korreliert elektrische Aktivität über verschiedene Ebenen mit Wahrnehmung. Der Schlüssel zum Verständnis, wie neuronale Signale unseren visuellen Eindruck der Welt bestimmen, sind kausale Interventionen, die direkt auf Neuronen und Schaltkreise einwirken und die Wahrnehmung eindeutig und vorhersagbar verändern. Die effektivste und zuverlässigste Interventionsmethode in Primaten bleibt die invasive elektrische Mikrostimulation. Sie kann das Aussehen selbst von komplexen Objekten vorhersagbar verändern. Solche künstlichen Signale können systematisch mit visuell evozierten Reizen und kontextuellen Signalen wie Belohnung integriert werden. Die Skalierung dieser Interventionsmethoden bietet Optionen für die Entwicklung von Neuroprothesen in der Hirnrinde.
Resistance Distances in Vertex-Face Graphs
Authors: Shangguan Yingmin , Chen Haiyan 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The computation of two-point resistances in networks is a classical problem in electric circuit theory and graph theory. Let G be a triangulation graph with n vertices embedded on an orientable surface. Define K(G) to be the graph obtained from G by inserting a new vertex vϕ
to each face ϕ of G and adding three new edges (u, vϕ
), (v, vϕ
) and (w, vϕ
), where u, v and w are three vertices on the boundary of ϕ. In this paper, using star-triangle transformation and resistance local-sum rules, explicit relations between resistance distances in K(G) and those in G are obtained. These relations enable us to compute resistance distance between any two points of Kk
(G) recursively. As explanation examples, some resistances in several networks are computed, including the modified Apollonian network and networks constructed from tetrahedron, octahedron and icosahedron, respectively.
POLİTİK PAZARLAMADA KULLANILAN KELİMELERİN DÜNYA GÖRÜŞLERİNİ YANSITMA AÇISINDAN FARKLILIK OLUŞTURUP OLUŞTURMADIĞI ÜZERİNE AMPİRİK BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: TAN Ahmet 
Published: December 2017

Bu çalışmada genel olarak kişilerin kullandığı kelimelerin dünya görüşleri bakımından farklılık gösterip göstermediği araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda; İnşallah-Umarım, Şeker Bayramı-Ramazan Bayramı, Allah-Tanrı, Mesele-Sorun, Vatandaş-Yurttaş, Koşul-Şart, İmkan-Olanak ve Yaratmak-Oluşturmak kelimelerinin kullanımının kişilerin dünya/politik görüşüne (milliyetçi, muhafazakar, laik, liberal, sosyalist ve görüşünü belirtmeyen) göre, farklılık gösterip göstermediği analiz edilmiştir. Bu amaçla Gaziantep ve Diyarbakır illerinde 1700 kişi ile yüz yüze anket yapılmış ve sonuçları SPSS programı yardımıyla analiz edilmiştir. Gruplar arası farklıkların tespiti için Tek Yönlü Varyans analizi (ANOVA), farklılıkların hangi gruplardan kaynaklandığının tespiti için de Tukey analizleri uygulanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre kişilerin dünya görüşlerine göre kullandıkları kelimeler arasında farklık olduğunu savunan araştırma hipotezi kabul edilmiştir.
The ​ ​representation ​ ​of ​ ​refuge ​ ​and ​ ​migration ​ ​in ​ ​the ​ ​online ​ ​media ​ ​in ​ ​Brazil ​ ​and abroad: ​ ​a ​ ​Cognitive ​ ​Linguistics ​ ​analysis
Authors: Ferreira Luciane C 
Published: December 2017

The present study aims at mapping how the situation of refuge and migration is represented
metaphorically in the Brazilian online media. From the data collected, we will establish
comparisons between the representations that were found. An approach that contemplates the
frame study employed in the media allows us to observe that verbal and nonverbal resources,
metaphorical sentences and lexical items are constituted into discursive ​frames. ​We intend to
discuss how the migrant and the refugee are represented in the Brazilian online media. Some
questions we will investigate are: What are the discourses on the reception of refugees and
migrants? Which discourses on the integration of refugees and migrants are broadcasted? From
these questions, we will examine how such categories compose the image of the migrant and the
refugee. The corpus used was based on the news of the online newspaper ​Folha de São Paulo
from June, 2015, seen as it was in this month that the so called “refugee crisis” occurred in
Europe. The gathering and analysis were done with the help of two free softwares: Notepad++,
that allows the user to save texts in ​txt format, and Antconc, that enables the analysis of several
txt files through tools that are used in Corpus Linguistics. The concordance lines obtained by
inserting a word of choice in AntConc’s concordancer were then analyzed manually through
Cameron’s (2010) Metaphor-led Discourse Analysis. A larger objective will be to identify which
metaphorical ​frames are used in the migrant’s and refugee’s media representation and what are
their social implications. Such frames contribute to organize and potentialize the discourse about
the ​ ​Other ​ ​(BRUNO, ​ ​2016).
La reconfiguración de la cacería de animales de monte por parte de los kichwas amazónicos en Sucumbíos/ The reconfiguration of hunting of forest animals by the Amazonian kichwas in Sucumbios
Authors: Massa Manzanillas Diana Cristina , Terán Romo Leroux Felipe David 
Published: December 2017

El territorio amazónico ha sido intervenido por diversos actores sociales e institucionales. Estas intervenciones han desestructurado y/o reconfigurado las prácticas ancestrales locales de las comunidades indígenas, de manera específica, de los kichwas de la provincia de Sucumbíos, la cual está ubicada al norte de la Amazonía del Ecuador. La forma en que las prácticas ancestrales han sido desestructuradas, se visibiliza en la cacería y consumo de animales de monte. Cabe mencionar, que en épocas antiguas -la cacería- estaba vinculada a una dinámica de subsistencia y además, cumplía una función simbólica de la reproducción social. En la actualidad, en ciertos territorios, estas dinámicas se han transformado. En ese sentido, el presente artículo evidencia este proceso social, con la finalidad de visibilizar cómo las agendas de intervención en el territorio amazónico, por parte del Estado, las organizaciones privadas y otros actores, han reconfigurado las prácticas locales como la cacería y el consumo de animales de monte.

Abstract
The Amazonian territory has been intervened by various social and institutional actors. These interventions have unstructured and/or reconfigured the local ancestral practices of the indigenous communities, specifically, in the Kichwas of the province of Sucumbíos, located in the north of the Amazon of Ecuador. The way in which ancestral practices have been unstructured is visible in the hunting and consumption of wild animals. It is worth mentioning that in ancient times hunting was linked to a subsistence dynamic and, in addition, they fulfilled a symbolic function of social reproduction. At present, in specific territories, these dynamics have been transformed. In this sense, this article demonstrates this social process, in order to make visible how the intervention agendas in the Amazonian territory, by the State, the private organizations and other actors, have reconfigured local practices such as the hunting and the consumption of wild animals.
O Judiciário e a demarcação de terras indígenas: o caso de Pernambuco
Authors: Maia Fernando Joaquim Ferreira , Souza Júnior Gilberto Romeiro de 
Published: December 2017

Resumo: Neste artigo trata-se dos conflitos envolvendo terras indígenas em Pernambuco pelo Judiciário. A análise foi feita a partir das decisões em Pernambuco e que tratam dos processos de conflitos de terras indígenas. No estudo empregam-se as noções do direito do acesso à terra e o posicionamento dos juízes na resolução dos conflitos envolvendo terras indígenas. Analisa-se a atuação da jurisdição diante das questões de terras indígenas, bem como investigam-se os possíveis cenários desses conflitos no Estado. Utilizaram-se como instrumentos de pesquisa livros e artigos de Direito e Sociologia sobre conflitos ambientais sobre apropriação de terras, e as decisões judiciais acerca dos conflitos pelo direito à terra nas comunidades indígenas. Defende-se que o Judiciário age de forma incoerente ao aplicar a norma material ambiental nos conflitos envolvendo as terras indígenas. Portanto, os povos indígenas não encontram no Judiciário um campo favorável para defesa dos seus direitos relativos à terra. Palavras-chave: Análise judicial. Direito à terra. Indígenas. Conflito.
SOBERANIA NACIONAL EM RISCO: uma crá­tica de Belisário Penna á ação da fundação Rockefeller no Brasil (1923)
Authors: DE CARVALHO LEONARDO DALLACQUA 
Published: December 2017

Trata-se de uma crá­tica elaborada por Belisário Penna a respeito da atuação da Fundação Rockefeller enquanto interventora nas questões de Saúde Pública do Brasil, mais precisamente no combate á febre amarela, no ano de 1923. O objetivo da presente investigação é demonstrar como Penna enumerou os problemas de tal intervencionismo para seu interlocutor, o médico e polá­tico Raul Leitão da Cunha, na tentativa de convencê-lo dos perigos da cooperação da filantropia estadunidense tanto numa perspectiva nacionalista como de disputa de técnicas cientá­ficas de combate á febre amarela.Palavras-chave: Belisário Penna. Raul Leitão da Cunha. Fundação Rockefeller.NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY AT RISK: a critique of Belisário Penna to the action of the Rockefeller Foundation in Brazil (1923) Abstract: This is a critique developed by Belisário Penna regarding the role of the Rockefeller Foundation as an intervener in the issues of Public Health in Brazil, specifically, the fight against yellow fever in the year 1923. The objective of this present investigation is to demonstrate how Penna listed the problems of such interventionism to his interlocutor, a doctor and politician, Raul Leitão da Cunha, in an attempt to convince him of the dangers of USA”™s philanthropic cooperation, both as nationalist perspective and as disputed scientific techniques to combat yellow fever.Keywords: Belisário Penna. Raul Leitão da Cunha. Rockefeller Foundation. SOBERANáA NACIONAL EN RIESGO: una crá­tica de Belisário Penna a la acción de la fundación Rockefeller en Brasil (1923) Resumen: Se trata de una crá­tica elaborada por Belisário Penna acerca de la actuación de la Fundación Rockefeller como interventora en las cuestiones de Salud Pública de Brasil, más precisamente en el combate a la fiebre amarilla, en el año 1923. El objetivo de la presente investigación es demostrar como Penna enumeró los problemas de tal intervencionismo para su interlocutor, el médico y polá­tico Raul Leitão da Cunha, en el intento de convencerlo de los peligros de la cooperación de la filantropá­a estadounidense tanto en una perspectiva nacionalista como de disputa de técnicas cientá­ficas de combate a la fiebre amarilla.Palabras clave: Belisário Penna. Raul Leitão da Cunha. Fundación Rockefeller.
A Historical Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery
Authors: Kay Jeffrey , Memon Muzammil , SA Darren de , Simunovic Nicole , Musahl Volker , Fu Freddie H. , Karlsson Jon , Ayeni Olufemi R. 
Published: December 2017

Background:
The purpose of this systematic review was to comprehensively assess the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) relating to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Specifically, this review explored factors related to the quality of the RCTs and trends in the quality of reporting over time.

Methods:
The online databases PubMed, Ovid (MEDLINE), and Embase were used to search for all RCTs on the topic of ACL reconstruction from database inception until April 14, 2016. The quality of reporting was evaluated using the Detsky quality index and the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist for reporting trials of nonpharmacologic treatments. A multivariate regression analysis was used to assess predictors of quality reporting.

Results:
The online search yielded 2,933 articles, 412 of which met the inclusion criteria and were assessed for quality of reporting. There was a significant (p < 0.0001) increase in the number of RCTs published over time. The mean Detsky score (and standard deviation) across all included RCTs was 68.9% ± 13.2%. The strongest predictors of quality reporting were the inclusion of a CONSORT flow diagram (β-coefficient, 10.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.45 to 11.61; p < 0.0001) and being published in the year 2009 or later (β-coefficient, 5.2; 95% CI: 3.87 to 6.45; p < 0.0001). The factors demonstrating the greatest improvement over time were the inclusion of a full description of the randomization procedure (p = 0.001) and prospective calculation of the sample size (p = 0.002).

Conclusions:
There has been a significant increase in both the quantity and quality of RCTs relating to ACL reconstruction over time. Specifically, the reporting of a methodologically sound randomization process and prospective calculation of sample size have significantly improved in recent years. However, since the year 2009, the number of trials and reporting in these trials has remained relatively consistent. The use of a CONSORT flow diagram is a strong predictor of high-quality reporting.
Allograft-Prosthetic Composite Reconstruction for Massive Proximal Humeral Bone Loss in Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Sanchez-Sotelo Joaquin , Wagner Eric R. , Sim Franklin H. , Houdek Matthew T. 
Published: December 2017

Background:
Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) performed in the setting of massive proximal humeral bone loss often requires special reconstructive techniques. Restoration of the proximal part of the humerus with an allograft provides a number of theoretical benefits, including implant support, restoration of humeral length, deltoid tensioning, and an opportunity to repair the posterior aspect of the cuff to improve strength in external rotation and repair of the subscapularis to improve stability. However, reverse allograft-prosthesis composites (APCs) are costly, are technically demanding to use, and can be compromised by progressive allograft resorption.

Methods:
Between 2005 and 2012, the lead author used an APC reconstruction in 8 primary and 18 revision RTSAs (26 patients; mean age, 62 years; mean body mass index, 27.9 kg/m2). The indications for the primary RTSAs included severe proximal humeral bone loss after trauma (n = 5) and tumor resection (n = 3). The indications in the revision setting were failed hemiarthroplasty (n = 11), anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (n = 4), and reverse arthroplasty (n = 3). The most common reason for revision was instability (n = 10). A compression plate was used for graft-to-host fixation in all shoulders. Shoulders were assessed for pain, motion, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Simple Shoulder Test (SST) score, Neer score, revision or reoperation, radiographic evidence of graft union or resorption, and implant fixation. The mean duration of follow-up was 4 years (range, 2 to 10 years).

Results:
RTSA using an APC construct resulted in substantial improvements in pain scores (p < 0.0001), elevation (p < 0.0001), and external rotation (p = 0.004). With the numbers available, there were no significant differences in clinical outcomes between primary and revision cases. No patients required revision surgery for nonunion at the host-allograft junction. The mean time to union was 7 months, with 1 patient requiring bone-grafting for delayed union. Other complications included dislocation, deep infection, graft fracture, and periprosthetic fracture distal to the previous APC construct in 1 patient each. The 2 and 5-year revision-free survival rate was 96%.

Conclusions:
Reconstruction of proximal humeral bone loss with an APC at the time of primary or revision RTSA is safe and effective, with acceptable functional outcomes and complication rates.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Synovial Fluid Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infection
Authors: Lee Yong Seuk , Koo Kyung-Hoi , Kim Hyun Jung , Tian Shaoqi , Kim Tae-Young , Maltenfort Mitchell G. , Chen Antonia F. 
Published: December 2017

Background:
The search for a single standard reference test for determining periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) through analysis of synovial fluid has yielded numerous biomarkers as potential candidates. The purpose of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of synovial fluid biomarkers and to determine which test has the highest diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) for the diagnosis of PJI.

Methods:
An online literature search of the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases identified 33 articles reporting a total of 13 major parameters for diagnosing PJI through analysis of synovial fluid. Each of the included articles was independently analyzed for risk of bias and for concerns regarding applicability utilizing the QUADAS-2 (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2) tool. The mada (meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy) tool was used to generate forest plots for sensitivity, specificity, and the log of the DOR, as well as summary statistics.

Results:
In this analysis, 13 index tests (leukocyte count; measurement of the percentage of polymorphonucleocytes [PMN%] and the levels of C-reactive protein [CRP], α-defensin, leukocyte esterase [LE], interleukin [IL]-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1β, vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor [G-CSF]; culture; and polymerase chain reaction [PCR] analysis) were evaluated on the basis of ≥2 articles. Of these tests, 8 (leukocyte count, PMN%, CRP, α-defensin, LE, IL-6, IL-8, and culture) were appropriate for pooled analysis. The overall sensitivity of these 8 markers was 0.85, and all but culture showed a sensitivity of ≥0.8. All markers showed a specificity of ≥0.9. Of the 8 tests, measurement of the α-defensin level showed the highest log DOR.

Conclusions:
Synovial fluid leukocyte count, PMN%, CRP, α-defensin, LE, IL-6, and IL-8 all demonstrated high sensitivity for diagnosing PJI, with α-defensin being the best synovial marker based on the highest log DOR. However, other synovial fluid tests that demonstrate good diagnostic performance can also be used in combination for the diagnosis of PJI.

Level of Evidence:
Diagnostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
PENGEMBANGAN CRACKERS SUMBER PROTEIN DAN MINERAL DENGAN PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera) DAN TEPUNG BADAN-KEPALA IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Kustiani Ai , Kusharto Clara Meliyanti , Damayanthi Evy 
Published: December 2017

<p class="Default"><em>Kelor is one of the vegetables with high nutrients contents but haven’t been widely utilized. Adding kelor leaves flour to the crackers made with catfish flour to increase protein and minerals is one way to maximize the potential of its nutrient content. This research purposed to develop the formulation of crackers by adding kelor leaves flour and catfish dumbo flour as a food source of protein and minerals. Kelor leaves flour obtained from this research contains protein, calcium, iron, and zinc respectively for 23.25%, 640.5 mg/100g, 30.6 mg/100g, and 6.65 mg/100g. The best formula chosen from organoleptic was is crackers with the addition 10% catfish dumbo flour and 2.5 g kelor leaves flour. The crackers contain 11.50% protein, 30.73 mg/100g calcium, 8.56 mg/100g iron, and 609.70 mg/100g zinc respectively. Selected crackers contain more than 20% protein and more than 15% of iron and zinc standart for 2-5 years old children group based on nutrition label reference (ALG, for Indonesian), so it can be claimed as a food source of protein, iron and zinc.</em><strong><em></em></strong></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><em><br /></em><strong><em></em></strong>
Lumbung Desa in Java: A Credit Institution, Poverty Management, and Financial Problem Solving for Villagers During the Colonial Period
Authors: Rinardi Haryono , Rochwulaningsih Yety , Suliyati Titiek , Widodo Sutejo K. 
Published: December 2017

This paper aims to examine the existence and development of Lumbung Desa or village rice barns as a credit institution during the colonial era. It was expected to be an inspiration and reference to revitalize, design, and develop barns at the village level that contributed significantly to the village welfare at the recent time. Therefore, how and why was Lumbung Desa institution able to develop during the colonial era? How much was its contribution to the village welfare? To examine these questions, the authors used critical historical method and through economical and sociological approach. The result shows that Lumbung Desa was formed and developed by the Dutch to overcome poverty as a strategic issue at the time, especially at village level. The grand design program of Lumbung Desa was to channel loan schemes especially and savings that could be in the form of in cash or rice. It was used to help farmers against the middlemen and moneylenders who were considered as adverse parties for the villagers. Lumbung Desa existed and was managed in many villages of Java during the colonial era. It relied on rural communities with distinctive personal socio-economic relations that brought about both strengths and weaknesses for the institution. However, there were some advantages of Lumbung Desa; first, it provided loans in two types, cash and/ or rice which became major and urgent needs for the villagers; second, its presence in rural areas made farmers become customers and easily access the market; third, its flexibility made it easily transform according to rural community needs.
A UNIVERSIDADE E O ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL E MÉDIO: ESTREITANDO RELAÇÕES POR MEIO DE ABORDAGENS METODOLÓGICAS
Authors: Santos Duarte Ana Cristina , Lopes de Souza Marcos , Nascimento Marina 
Published: December 2017

Este artigo é resultado de um projeto de extensão desenvolvido e financiado pela Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB) desde 2005. O projeto integra as atividades do Laboratório de Ensino de Biologia (LEBio) e visa à aproximação da universidade com a comunidade escolar, por meio de atividades dinâmicas, não convencionais, que envolvem conteúdos curriculares de Ciências e Biologia, trabalhados ou não no ensino fundamental e no médio. Portanto, como princípios norteadores para a reflexão, compreensão e construção de conhecimentos relacionados à área. As atividades do projeto envolveram a seleção de temas atuais e emergentes de interesse do educando, para o desenvolvimento de mini-cursos e oficinas. Destes participaram os discentes da graduação em Ciências Biológicas, que tiveram a oportunidade para uma prática docente de forma não convencional, capaz de estimular o exercício profissional. O enfoque dos temas se deu não só no domínio cognitivo, mas também no domínio afetivo, com o objetivo de ampliar a capacidade, do aluno, de conhecer e relacionar-se consigo mesmo e com o outro. A metodologia utilizada é participativa e dinâmica, a fim de proporcionar a aprendizagem e a integração da área de Ciências e Biologia com outras áreas do conhecimento. O trabalho teve a parceria de escolas públicas e buscou resgatar o valor social da universidade na comunidade, para estreitar as relações entre a universidade e o ensino fundamental e o médio.