bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Mode‐Induced Spin Wave Transmission Blockage by In Situ Nanoscale Grooves
Authors: Delforge Cyril , Lejeune Nicolas , Singh Suraj , Silhanek Alejandro V. , Fourneau Emile 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the pursuit of advancing spin‐wave optics, the propagation of magnetostatic surface spin‐waves is investigated in a uniform permalloy waveguide with in‐situ nanopatterned grooves created through Atomic Force Microscopy nanolithography and Focused Ion Beam etching. The study unveils that the introduction of narrow constrictions and grooves leads to a non‐monotonic reduction of the transmitted spin‐wave signal intensity as the spin‐wave pathway is shrinked. The remarkable feature that a stronger signal extinction is obtained for a narrow groove compared to a spin‐waveguide interrupted by a full gap, where only inefficient transport through dipolar coupling is allowed, is highlighted. Combining experimental and numerical analyses, the intricate interplay between spin‐wave diffraction and reflection at the waveguide edges is unraveled, being at the origin of a transverse‐mode variation responsible for the signal extinction when detected using coplanar antennas. The findings offer insights into the controllable manipulation of detected spin‐wave intensity, thereby opening promising avenues for the improvement of spin‐wave switches and interferometers, and for the nanopatterning of graded index magnonics.
Formation Characteristics of Pt‐Ni Alloy Nanoparticles Fabricated by Nanolamination of Atomic Layer Deposition in Hydrogen
Authors: Liao Ming‐Wei , Chin Tzu‐Kang , Luo Xu‐Feng , Chuang Yu‐Chun , Perng Tsong‐Pyng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractForced‐flow atomic layer deposition nanolamination is employed to fabricate Pt‐Ni nanoparticles on XC‐72, with the compositions ranging from Pt94Ni6 to Pt67Ni33. Hydrogen is used as a co‐reactant for depositing Pt and Ni. The growth rate of Pt is slower than that using oxygen reactant, and the growth exhibits preferred orientation along the (111) plane. Ni shows much slower growth rate than Pt, and it is only selectively deposited on Pt, not on the substrate. Higher ratios of Ni would hinder subsequent stacking of Pt atoms, resulting in lower overall growth rate and smaller particles (1.3–2.1 nm). Alloying of Pt with Ni causes shifted lattice that leads to larger lattice parameter and d‐spacing as Ni fraction increases. From the electronic state analysis, Pt 4f peaks are shifted to lower binding energies with increasing the Ni content, suggesting charge transfer from Ni to Pt. Schematic of the growth behavior is proposed. Most of the alloy nanoparticles exhibit higher electrochemical surface area and oxygen reduction reaction activity than those of commercial Pt. Especially, Pt83Ni17 and Pt87Ni13 show excellent mass activities of 0.76 and 0.59 A mgPt−1, respectively, higher than the DOE target of 2025, 0.44 A mgPt−1.
Nanocomposite Multimodal Sensor Array Integrated with Auxetic Structure for an Intelligent Biometrics System
Authors: Cheng Yu‐Jen , Li Tianyi , Lee Changwoo , Sakthivelpathi Vigneshwar , Hahn Jin‐Oh , Kwon Younghoon , Chung Jae‐Hyun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA multimodal sensor array, combining pressure and proximity sensing, has attracted considerable interest due to its importance in ubiquitous monitoring of cardiopulmonary health‐ and sleep‐related biometrics. However, the sensitivity and dynamic range of prevalent sensors are often insufficient to detect subtle body signals. This study introduces a novel capacitive nanocomposite proximity‐pressure sensor (NPPS) for detecting multiple human biometrics. NPPS consists of a carbon nanotube‐paper composite (CPC) electrode and a percolating multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) foam enclosed in a MWCNT‐coated auxetic frame. The fractured fibers in the CPC electrode intensify an electric field, enabling highly sensitive detection of proximity and pressure. When pressure is applied to the sensor, the synergic effect of MWCNT foam and auxetic deformation amplifies the sensitivity. The simple and mass‐producible fabrication protocol allows for building an array of highly sensitive sensors to monitor human presence, sleep posture, and vital signs, including ballistocardiography (BCG). With the aid of a machine learning algorithm, the sensor array accurately detects blood pressure (BP) without intervention. This advancement holds promise for unrestricted vital sign monitoring during sleep or driving.
Photothermal Fish Gelatin‐Graphene Microneedle Patches for Chronic Wound Treatment
Authors: Zeng Junjie , Lu Minhui , Wang Yu , Zhao Xiaozhi , Zhao Yuanjin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMicroneedles are demonstrated as an effective strategy for chronic wound treatment. Great endeavors are devoted to developing microneedles with natural compositions and potent functions to promote therapeutic effects for wound healing. Herein, a novel graphene oxide‐integrated methacrylated fish gelatin (GO‐FGelMA) microneedle patch encapsulated with bacitracin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is developed for chronic wound management. As the natural components and porous structures of FGelMA, the fabricated microneedle patches display satisfactory biocompatibility and drug‐loading ability. Owing to the integration of graphene oxide, the microneedle patches can realize promoted drug release via near‐infrared (NIR) irradiation. Besides, the encapsulated bacitracin and VEGF endow the microneedle patches with the ability to inhibit bacterial growth and promote angiogenesis. It is demonstrated that the GO‐FGelMA microneedle patches with efficient drug release exert a positive influence on the wound healing process through reduced inflammation, enhanced wound closure, and improved tissue regeneration. Thus, it is believed that the proposed drugs‐loaded GO‐FGelMA microneedle patches will hold great potential in future chronic wound treatment.
Internal Space Modulation of Yolk‐Shell FeSe2@Carbon Anode with Peanut‐Shaped Morphology Enabling Ultra‐Stable and Fast Potassium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Yang Lei , Liang Huanyu , Zhu Chunliu , Shi Jing , Wu Jingyi , Chen Jingwei , Tian Weiqian , Zhu Yue , Wang Huanlei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe poor cycling stability and rate performance of transition metal selenides (TMSs) are caused by their intrinsic low conductivity and poor structural stability, which hinders their application in potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs). To address this issue, encapsulating TMSs within carbon nanoshells is considered a viable strategy. However, due to the lack and uncontrollability of internal void space, this structure cannot effectively mitigate the volume expansion induced by large K+, resulting in unsatisfactory electrochemical performance. Herein, peanut‐shaped FeSe2@carbon yolk‐shell capsules are prepared by modulation of the internal space. The active FeSe2 is encapsulated within a robust carbon shell and an optimal void space is retained between them. The outer carbon shell promotes electronic conductivity and avoids FeSe2 aggregation, while the internal void mitigates volume expansion and effectively ensures the structural integrity of the electrode. Consequently, the FeSe2@carbon anode demonstrates exceptional rate performance (242 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1) and long cycling stability (350 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 1 A g−1). Furthermore, the effect of internal space modulation on electrochemical properties is elucidated. Meanwhile, ex situ characterizations elucidate the K+ storage mechanism. This work provides effective guidance for the design and the internal space modulation of advanced TMSs yolk‐shell structures.
Dissolution Manufacturing Strategy for the Facile Synthesis of Nanoporous Metallic Glass Multifunctional Catalyst
Authors: Zeng Shenghao , Ruan Wenqing , Chen Zhe , Ren Shuai , Jiang Jihan , Lin Jiaqing , Zhang Heting , Zhang Zhenxuan , Fu Jianan , Chen Qing , Liang Xiong , Ma Jiang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe quest for heightened energy efficiency is inextricably linked to advancements in energy storage and conversion technologies, wherein multifunctional catalysts play a pivotal role by mitigating the slow kinetics endemic to many catalytic reactions. The intricate synthesis and bespoke design of such catalysts, however, present notable challenges. Addressing this, the present study capitalizes on a novel dissolution manufacturing strategy to engineer self‐supporting, nanoporous multifunctional electrocatalysts, circumventing the prevalent issue of customizing catalytic functionalities upon demand. This innovative approach grants the flexibility to finely tune the incorporation of active species and metalloid binders, culminating in the creation of a self‐supporting nanoporous metal glass electrocatalyst doped with RuO2 (NPMG@RuO2) with outstanding performance in alkaline media. The catalyst showcases superior electrocatalytic activity, achieving low overpotentials of 41.50 mV for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction and 226.0 mV for Oxygen Evolution Reaction alongside sustained stability over 620 hours.These achievements are attributed to the distinct nanoporous architecture that ensures a high density of catalytic sites and mechanical strength, bolstered by the synergistic interplay between RuO2 and Pt‐based metallic glass. The findings provide a versatile template for the development of nanoporous multifunctional catalysts, signifying a leap forward in the realm of energy conversion technologies.
Recent advances in embedded technologies and self‐sensing concrete for structural health monitoring
Authors: Civera Marco , Naseem Ahmad , Chiaia Bernardino 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFully embedded and spatially diffuse sensors are central to the advancement of civil and construction engineering. Indeed, they serve as an enabling technology necessary for addressing the current challenges associated with through‐life management and structural health monitoring of existing structures and infrastructures. The need to identify structural issues early on has driven the integration of such embedded sensing capabilities into construction materials, turning passive structures into proactive, self‐aware “entities,” commonly referred to as Smart Structures. The economic rationale behind this endeavor is underscored by the vital significance of continuous monitoring, which enables prompt anomaly assessment and thus mitigates the risks of potential structural failures. This is particularly relevant for road and rail infrastructures, as they represent a substantial and enduring investment for any nation. Given that a large majority of these large infrastructures are composed of concrete and reinforced concrete, both academics and construction companies are continuously researching micro‐ and nano‐engineered self‐sensing solutions specifically tailored for this building material. This comprehensive review paper reports the latest advances in the field of self‐sensing concrete as of 2024, with an emphasis on intrinsic self‐sensing concrete, that is, electrically conductive functional fillers. A critical analysis and a discussion of the findings are provided. Based on the perceived existing gaps and demands from the industry, the field's future perspectives are also briefly outlined.
Recent Developments in the Fabrication and Application of Superhydrophobic Suraces
Authors: Li Ting , Peng. Yi , You Hang , Guan Xiaoya , Lv Jin , Yang Chong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA superhydrophobic surface is defined as having a contact angle exceeding 150 °C, indicating a remarkable ability to repel water. Generally, superhydrophobicity originates from the utilization of low‐surface‐energy materials with unique micro‐ and nanostructures. Superhydrophobic surfaces have gained considerable recognition and are widely employed in diverse areas for anti‐icing, oil‐water separation, anticorrosion, self‐cleaning, blood‐repellent, and antibacterial applications. These surfaces can greatly enhance industrial processes by yielding significant performance improvements. In this review, we introduce the basic theories that provide a foundation for understanding the hydrophobic properties of superhydrophobic surfaces. We then discuss current techniques for fabricating superhydrophobic coatings, critically analyzing their strengths and limitations. Furthermore, we provide an overview of recent progress in the application of superhydrophobic materials. Finally, we summarize the challenges in developing superhydrophobic materials and future trends in this field. The insights provided by this review can help researchers understand the basic knowledge of superhydrophobic surfaces and obtain the latest progress and challenges in the application of superhydrophobic surfaces. It provides help for further research and practical application of superhydrophobic surfaces.
Exposure to Polypropylene Microplastics Causes Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis Through Oxidative Stress and Activation of the MAPK‐Nrf2 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Lu Tao , Yuan Xiaoqing , Sui Changbai , Yang Chen , Li Desheng , Liu Huan , Zhang Guanqing , Li Guozhi , Li Song , Zhang Jiayu , Zhou Ling , Xu Maolei 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTMicroplastics are a growing concern as pollutants that impact both public health and the environment. However, the toxic effects of polypropylene microplastics (PP‐MPs) are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PP‐MPs on cardiotoxicity and its underlying mechanisms. The cardiotoxicity of exposure to different amounts of PP‐MPs were investigated in both ICR mice and H9C2 cells. Our results demonstrated that sub‐chronic exposure to 5 and 50 mg/L PP‐MPs led to myocardial structural damage, apoptosis, and fibrosis in mice cardiomyocytes. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that PP‐MPs could decrease mitochondrial membrane potential and induce apoptosis in H9C2 cells. Western blotting revealed decreased expression of Bcl‐2, poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase 3 and increased expression of Bax, cleaved‐PARP, and cleaved‐caspase 3 in PP‐MPs‐treated cardiac tissue and H9C2 cells. These results confirmed the apoptotic effects induced by PP‐MPs. Moreover, PP‐MPs treatment triggered oxidative stress, as evidenced by the increased levels of malondialdehyde; reduction in glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities in mice cardiac tissues; and increased reactive oxygen species levels in H9C2 cells. Finally, western blotting demonstrated that exposure to PP‐MPs significantly reduced the expression levels of Nrf2 and p‐ERK proteins associated with MAPK‐Nrf2 pathway in both cardiac tissue and H9C2 cells. Overall, our findings indicate that PP‐MPs can induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis through MAPK‐Nrf2 signaling pathway, which is triggered by oxidative stress. This study provides a foundation for determining the effects of PP‐MPs on cardiotoxicity and their underlying mechanisms.
Micro‐polluted water source purification of root channel wetland in Jiaxing, China
Authors: Li Jianfeng , Han Shengsheng , He Zekang , Cao Tianzheng , Han Shanrui , Li Tianfei , Li Junjie , Jia Juanhua , Qin Wenjing , He Ya 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRoot channel wetlands, as a new type of nature‐imitating wetland system, provide a paradigm for micro‐polluted water source purification; however, there is a knowledge gap on root channel wetlands' pollution removal effects and their main influencing factors after longtime operation. This study collected the turbidity, ammonia nitrogen (NH3‐N), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), permanganate index (CODMn), dissolved oxygen (DO), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) at the inlet and outlet of Shijiuyang (SJY) wetland and Guanjinggang (GJG) wetland in Jiaxing City, China, from 2019 to 2021. The results showed that root channel wetlands had better water quality improvement effects. The SJY wetland had larger removal rates for DO, CODMn, and turbidity compared with the GJG wetland. In contrast, other water quality indexes have similar removal rates at both wetlands. The influencing factor analysis showed that water purification agent, flow, pH, and water temperature have large influences on the removal rates of pollutants for both wetlands. To address high turbidity and excessive DO, which are the primary pollutants affecting the two wetlands, implementing the diversion river before the pretreatment area and incorporating ecological floating beds in the deep purification area are recommended solutions to mitigate these issues. Compared with conventional general constructed wetlands, root channel wetlands are a more cost‐effective and sustainable technology. The research is conducive to improving understanding of root channel wetland purification for micro‐polluted water sources and enhancing water supply security capability in the plains water network area of the Yangtze River Delta region.Practitioner Points
Compared with conventional general constructed wetlands, root channel wetlands are more cost‐effective and sustainable technology.
The SJY wetland demonstrated better removal rates for DO, CODMn, and turbidity, indicating a higher purification capacity compared to GJG wetland.
Flow rate and pH are the primary factors influencing the GJG wetland, while the waterpurification agent and water temperature are the main factors affecting water quality in the SJY wetland.
pSPObooster: A Plasmid System to Improve Sporulation Efficiency of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Lab Strains
Authors: Loll‐Krippleber Raphael , Jiang Yangyang Kate , Brown Grant W. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTCommon Saccharomyces cerevisiae lab yeast strains derived from S288C have meiotic defects and therefore are poor sporulators. Here, we developed a plasmid system containing corrected alleles of the MKT1 and RME1 genes to rescue the meiotic defects and show that standard BY4741 and BY4742 strains containing the plasmid display faster and more efficient sporulation. The plasmid, pSPObooster, can be maintained as an episome and easily cured or stably integrated into the genome at a single locus. We demonstrate the use of pSPObooster in low‐ and high‐throughput yeast genetic manipulations and show that it can expedite both procedures without impacting strain behavior.
Synthesis and Single Crystal X‐ray Characterization of [Sn5Bi3]3−
Authors: Friedrich Ute , Schmidt Franz , Korber Nikolaus 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe extraction of the solid state materials “MSnBix“ (M/x=Cs/1, Na/3) in liquid ammonia in the presence of different chelating agents yielded the novel Zintl anion [Sn5Bi3]3−. The anion could be crystallized and characterized via single crystal X‐ray diffraction in [Cs@[18]crown‐6]3[Sn5Bi3] ⋅ 7NH3, [K@[18]crown‐6]1.5[Cs@[18]crown‐6][Cs@([18]crown‐6)2]0.5[Sn5Bi3] ⋅ 3.98NH3, [Na@DB[18]crown‐6]2[Na(NH3)6][Sn5Bi3] ⋅ 14NH3 and [Cs@[2.2.2]crypt]6[Sn5Bi3]2 ⋅ 9.53NH3. The [Sn5Bi3]3− anion is further investigated by mass spectrometry and DFT calculations to confirm its composition and elucidate its electronic structure.
Analysis of ballistic trajectories and its association with clinical outcomes in civilian penetrating brain injury
Authors: Ordoñez Sebastián , Ledesma Mauricio A. , Villegas-Trujillo Lina María , Velásquez Miguel , Trujillo María , Rubiano Andrés M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Civilian penetrating brain injuries (PBI) caused by firearms are a medical emergency with high rates of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between trajectory vectors in CT brain angiography and clinical outcomes in patients with civilian gunshots.

Methods
This is a retrospective analytical cross-sectional study that includes patients over 15 years of age with PBI due to firearms, admitted from January 2019 to December 2021 at a University Hospital in Cali, Colombia. A brain CT with angio-CT was performed the first day of admission. An XYZ coordinate system centered on the Turk’s saddle was developed. Trajectories of projectiles were plotted and compared to a patient 0 in a 3D-Slicer software. A bivariate analysis of the clinical and geometric characteristics of the trajectory was performed. Primary outcomes include mortality and disability at 6 months.

Results
Twenty-eight patients with a mean age of 27.39 ± 11.66 years were included. The vectors of non-survivors show a trend, crossing at a specific area. This area was designated as a “potential lethal zone” and inside this area, injuries around 25.3 mm from the circle of Willis, were associated with greater mortality (p < 0.005).

Conclusions
In our study PBI avoiding the ventricular system, brain stem, dorsum sellae and the circle of Willis were associated with more survivability. A “potential lethal zone” was detected and associated with poor outcome after civilian PBI due to firearms. A better evaluation of the performance of this “potential lethal zone” in larger studies will be required.
Associations between rural/urban status, duration of untreated psychosis and mode of onset of psychosis: a mental health electronic clinical records analysis in the East of England, UK
Authors: Kaminska Karolina , Hodgekins Jo , Lewis Jonathan R. , Cardinal Rudolf N. , Oduola Sherifat 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The influence of rurality on the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) in first-episode psychosis (FEP) is poorly understood. We investigated factors associated with FEP in rural/urban settings and whether there are rural/urban differences in DUP and the mode (speed) of onset of psychosis.

Methods
We used the Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust Research Database (CPFTRD) to identify all persons presenting to an early intervention for psychosis service with FEP between 2013 and 2015. We performed descriptive statistics and multivariable linear and multinomial regression to assess the relationships between the study outcomes and the independent variables.

Results
One hundred and fifty-five FEP patients were identified, with a mean age of 23.4 (SD, 5.3) years. The median DUP was 129.0 (IQR: 27.5–524.0) days. In rural areas, FEP patients were more likely to be employed and live with family than those in urban areas. A longer DUP was observed among patients with an insidious onset of psychosis compared with an acute onset (619.5 (IQR: 333.5–945.0)) vs. (17.0 (IQR: 8.0–30.5)) days respectively, p < 0.0001. We found evidence that the mode of onset of psychosis differed by employment status and living circumstances. There was insufficient evidence of rural/urban differences in DUP and mode of onset of psychosis.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that the mode of onset of psychosis is an important indicator of treatment delay and could provide vital information for service planning and delivery. Sociodemographic variations in FEP exist in rural populations, and our findings are similar to those observed in urban settings.