bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validação de simuladores realísticos para orientação sobre aleitamento materno: pesquisa quase-experimental
Authors: Fontoura Abissulo Carla Moema , Silvino Zenith Rosa , Ferreira Helen Campos 
Published: December 2016

Objetivo: validar simuladores realísticos de baixa fidelidade enquanto tecnologias educacionais inovadoras para orientação às puérperas sobre aleitamento materno, confeccionados artesanalmente. Método: pesquisa exploratória, transversal, de abordagem quantiqualitativa, dividida em duas etapas: a primeira, pesquisa aplicada; a segunda, quase-experimental. Fez-se amostragem intencional com 24 puérperas no alojamento conjunto de uma maternidade pública, distribuídas em dois grupos de 12: grupo controle e experimento. Resultados: a literatura evidenciou dificuldades biológicas e culturais para amamentar: "pega" e posição inadequadas, fissuras mamilares, anatomia mamilar, ingurgitamento mamário, cultura do “leite fraco”/pouco leite e cólica associada à amamentação. Foram criados e validados simuladores facilitadores da aprendizagem sobre o manejo da amamentação. Conclusão: o uso de simuladores como tecnologia educacional impacta a população, reduzindo as dificuldades na amamentação. Implicações práticas: a utilização desses simuladores foi inovadora e de baixos custo e manutenção, alterando os saberes e as práticas das puérperas sobre o manejo do aleitamento materno.
Ações no controle das infecções do sítio cirúrgico em neurocirurgia: revisão integrativa
Authors: Borges Elsie Storch , Machado Ferreira Simone Cruz 
Published: December 2016

Objetivo: identificar o conhecimento produzido e publicado quanto às ações de maior relevância no controle das infecções de sítio cirúrgico (ISC) em neurocirurgia passíveis de intervenção. Método: revisão integrativa de artigos publicados em português, inglês e espanhol, nas bases de dados MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS, por meio dos portais BVS, CAPES e PUBMED. Resultados: foram selecionadas e analisadas 23 produções, agrupadas em categorias com enfoque nas ações realizadas no pré, trans e pós-operatório e na vigilância cirúrgica. Discussão: não realização de tricotomia, antibioticoprofilaxia correta, técnica asséptica rígida na cirurgia, cuidados com as derivações ventriculares, curativos no pós-operatório e vigilância cirúrgica foram considerados relevantes no controle das ISC em neurocirurgia nos estudos encontrados. Conclusão: as evidências encontradas contribuirão no direcionamento das ações da enfermeira da CCIH no controle das ISC em neurocirurgia.
Utilização das luvas na prática de enfermagem e suas implicações: estudo metodológico
Authors: Padilha Jovíria Marcia Ferreira de Oliveira , Sá Selma Petra Chaves , Souza Sonia Regina de , Brum Ana Karine , Lima Márcia Valéria Rosa , Guimarães Tereza Felipe 
Published: December 2016

Este artigo originou-se da segunda categoria que emergiu na Dissertação de Mestrado Profissional intitulada “Tecnologia educacional como estratégia para o uso de luvas pelos profissionais de E nfermagem visando a precaução de contato”,apresentada à banca examinadora da Escola de Enfermagem Aurora de Afonso Costa (UFF). Objetivo: identificar os fatores que interferem na adesão e/ou adequação às medidas de precaução de contato na utilização das luvas de procedimentos e estéreis pela equipe de enfermagem. Método: estudo metodológico com abordagem quantiqualitativa. Com um total de 66 participantes distribuídos em 4 etapas. NA 1ª etapa, foram entrevistados 45 profissionais de enfermagem das clínicas cirúrgicas em um hospital universitário entre janeiro e março de 2014. Resultados: 93% dos profissionais apontam falhas no uso de luvas, e somente 7% não observam falhas. Conclusão: a adequação no uso de luvas é determinante para a segurança do paciente, do profissional, da sociedade e do ambiente.
Conhecimento de enfermeiros residentes sobre o manejo da dor oncológica: estudo transversal
Authors: Santos Ferreira Flávia dos , Santos Juliano dos , Cardoso Meira Karina 
Published: December 2016

Objetivos: avaliar o conhecimento de enfermeiros residentes sobre o manejo da dor no câncer e as variáveis sociodemográficas e profissionais associadas. Método: estudo transversal, cuja população-alvo foram todos os enfermeiros inseridos em um programa de residência multiprofissional em oncologia. O conhecimento dos enfermeiros foi avaliado por meio do instrumento “Conhecimento do enfermeiro sobre o manejo da dor no câncer –OMS”. Regressão de Poisson com variância robusta foi utilizada para análise de associação entre as variáveis. Resultados: a maioria (68,2%) dos entrevistados apresentou conhecimento inadequado. O conhecimento adequado foi dependente do tempo de formação, apresentando menor chance de ter conhecimento inadequado os indivíduos com mais de um ano de formação (RP=0,14; IC 95% 0,02-0,97). Conclusões: houve predomínio de desconhecimento sobre o manejo da dor no câncer e o conhecimento adequado foi dependente do tempo de formação profissional.
Relações entre uso de álcool e violência entre parceiros íntimos: estudo seccional
Authors: Rafael Ricardo de Mattos Russo , Moura Anna Tereza Miranda Soares de 
Published: December 2016

Objetivo: analisar a associação entre o uso de álcool e a co-ocorrência de violência entre parceiros íntimos em uma amostra de usuárias da Estratégia Saúde da Família de Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro. Métodos: foi realizado estudo seccional com amostra de 476 mulheres com idade entre 25 e 64 anos, com parceiros íntimos há pelo menos um ano. Os instrumentos utilizados foram validados e adaptados transculturamente para uso brasileiro. Resultados: observou-se associações estatisticamente significantes entre o uso de álcool pela mulher e a co-ocorrência de violência íntima (OR:4,2), incluindo as formas psicológica (OR:4,6), física (OR:2,7) e sexual (OR:2,2). Conclusão: os resultados chamam atenção para a possível relação entre o uso de álcool e a violência entre parceiros íntimos. Implicações práticas: o rastreamento sistematizado de uso de álcool pode ser utilizado como importante marcador na suspeição de casos de violência na saúde da família, ampliando as possibilidades de atuação das equipes.
Clinical study of bowel obstruction in relation to etiological factors
Authors: Chitumalla Pradeep Kumar , Vemulapally Naresh Kumar , Reddy Surya Narayana 
Published: December 2016

Background: Acute intestinal obstruction is one of common abdominal emergency and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially if it progresses to bowel ischemia. The aims of this study was to analyse various modes of presentation of acute intestinal obstruction in both children and adult age group, etiopathogenesis, various therapeutic modalities of treatment and to accomplish operative management and anticipate the post operative complications.Methods: 50 consecutive patients of all age groups presenting with acute intestinal obstruction were admitted were taken randomly and managed between October 2013 to September 2015.Out of these 50 cases, 36 were male, 14 were female, patients with subacute intestinal obstruction and patients with paralytic ileus were excluded in this study. Plain X-ray erect abdomen was done in all cases. Ultrasonography was done only in those patients whose X-ray finding was inconclusive. CT as a modality also included for work up.Results: Mean age distribution was 35.4years and the standard deviation measured 24.57. Incidence in male (36) was more as compared to female population (14). Pain abdomen was found in 45(90%) patients, vomiting in 35(70%) patients, distension abdomen in 34 (68%) patients and constipation in 30 (60%) patients were noted as many patients had coincidence of symptoms. Commonest cause of acute intestinal obstruction noted was postoperative adhesions.Conclusions: Postoperative adhesions were the commonest cause of obstruction. Earlier the presentation, the better the outcome was found.
Total serum calcium and corrected calcium as severity predictors in acute pancreatitis: a prospective study in a tertiary hospital in South India
Authors: Edakkepuram Unnikrishnan , Navas N. K. Muhammad , Parambil Sasi M. , Matad Siddharth 
Published: December 2016

Background: Acute pancreatitis still remains a disease of growing burden to mankind; it is an unpredictable, potentially lethal disease with a high mortality. The incidence of acute Pancreatitis appears to be increasing. Aim of the study was to evaluate total serum calcium and corrected calcium as prognostic severity factors in acute pancreatitis.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary hospital from July2015 to June 2016. All the patients who were diagnosed to have acute pancreatitis by clinical examination, laboratory, radiological and biochemical investigations were considered as cases. Serum calcium and albumin corrected calcium measured within 24 hours of admission. Patients followed up for a maximum period of 4 weeks and outcome studied, in terms of whether patient had local or systemic complication, mortality. Significance of serum calcium and albumin corrected calcium in predicting outcome of acute pancreatitis is assessed and compared with BISAP score.Results: Acute pancreatitis most commonly occurs in the age group of 30-50. 80% of acute pancreatitis occurs in male and 20% in female. Alcoholism accounts for 58% cases of acute pancreatitis and gall stone account for 28% of acute pancreatitis.Conclusions: Hypocalcaemia and low ACC can predict severity of acute pancreatitis, as with BISAP score, but it is not superior to BISAP score.
Coronary artery diameter measurement and Z-score regression equation calculation: a comparative study between Indian children between one to five years residing in and around Kolkata with children of South-East Asia and Western population
Authors: Das Satyaki , Ray Swapan Kumar , Bhattacharya Sukanta , Chatterjee Kripasindhu , Mandal Pradyut Kumar , Sen Sukanta 
Published: December 2016

Background: Congenital coronary anomalies may be isolated, or they may accompany other congenital heart defects, such as Fallot's tetralogy, transposition of the great arteries or pulmonary atresia. The most common cause of acquired abnormalities of the coronary vessels in children is kawasaki disease (KD). The aim of this study was to find the best model to obtain valid and normally distributed Z-scores for coronary artery (CA) diameters in a large, heterogeneous population of healthy children.Methods: Echocardiography was performed on 300 healthy children. Linear regression models were tested with height, weight, body surface area, and aortic valve diameter. The computed Z scores were tested for normal distribution and stability. Results: CA diameter was best predicted using regression with the body surface area and age in month. The weighted least squares method yielded normally distributed and very stable Z-score estimates for 3 principal CAs.Conclusions: This study showed valid methods to estimate Z scores for CA size in children of all ages. Such Z scores are important for risk stratification in patients with Kawasaki disease.
Retornos a la educación de los Jefes de Hogar en la Región de Puno, 2011 – 2015
Authors: Paredes Mamani René Paz , Quilla Manrique Juan Carlos 
Published: December 2016

<p>El objetivo del estudio fue medir econométricamente los retornos de la educación de los jefes de hogar de la región de Puno, en base a la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares 2011 – 2015. Los resultados utilizando la teoría de Mincer y la metodología de Heckman, muestran que existen retornos positivos y significativos atribuidos a la educación de los jefes de hogar, es decir, a mayor nivel de educación existe una mayor retribución económica por hora trabajada. Por cada año de educación adicional, se generaría un incremento adicional de 12.36% en el salario. Según, los niveles de educación alcanzado, los jefes de hogar sin educación obtendría un retorno de S/. 1.20 por hora, con educación primaria S/. 2.24 por hora, con educación secundaria S/. 3.36 por hora, educación superior no universitaria S/. 5.54 hora, con educación superior universitaria S/. 8.24 por hora y con post grado S/. 10.92 por hora.</p>
Los ingresos petroleros y el crecimiento económico en Ecuador (2000-2015)
Authors: Cepeda Chacaguasay Pedro 
Published: December 2016

<p>El presente trabajo de investigación intenta explicar el crecimiento económico de Ecuador a partir de los ingresos del petróleo, dado que en los últimos diez años el sector petrolero y el crecimiento económico han llamado la atención en la literatura económica; su importancia se remite a la teoría de crecimiento de Solow. Las principales variables analizadas fueron el PIB per cápita, como una variable determinante de la función de producción, asimismo, la formación bruta de capital fijo, población económicamente activa y los ingresos petroleros, esta última como una variable adicional ajena a la función de producción para explicar el crecimiento económico. Los datos son series estadísticas del Banco Central del Ecuador, y se valoraron a través de una regresión múltiple logarítmica de elasticidades constantes. Como principal resultado se obtiene una relación positiva del PIB por trabajador (<em>y</em>) con la formación bruta de capital fijo por trabajador (<em>k</em>) y el ingreso petrolero por trabajador (<em>yp</em>), es decir cuando las variables inversión y renta<em> </em>aumentan, el PIB por trabajador también se incrementa.</p>
Adiós a la tierra prometida. Crónicas de migrantes latinoamericanos que retornan a su País de origen
Authors: Escobedo Rivera José 
Published: December 2016

<p>La presente investigación se realiza bajo el paradigma Empirista “<em>EMIC</em>” -investigación cualitativa-, que nos servirá, como metodología de las Ciencias Sociales, para conocer las razones que tuvieron los migrantes de América Latina y el Caribe, que radicaron en un país de acogida del Norte Desarrollado, para retornar a su país de origen diciéndole “Adiós” a la tierra prometida a través de la versión dada por ellos mismos en sus <em>Crónicas de Vida</em>. La comprensión de estos relatos testimoniales que los migrantes vertieron, como sujetos en la construcción de la realidad social, fueron concebidos como actos reflexivos. Nos hemos propuesto los siguientes objetivos con el propósito de conocer los motivos que llevaron al migrante a tomar esta decisión de volver a su país de origen, toda vez que dichos relatos implican una intencionalidad que reivindica el papel del sujeto en la construcción de la realidad social: <strong><em>a) </em></strong>conocer el retorno del migrante por <em>motivos</em> <em>deseados</em>, y <strong><em>b)</em></strong> conocer el retorno del migrante por <em>motivos ajenos a su voluntad. </em></p><p> </p><p><strong>Palabras-clave:</strong> paradigma, motivos, acción social, migración de retorno, primer mundo, Latinoamérica.<strong></strong></p><p class="paragraph"> </p><p class="paragraph"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p class="paragraph">The present research is carried out under the Empiric paradigm "<em>EMIC</em>" - qualitative research -, which will serve as a methodology of the Social Sciences, to know the reasons that had migrants from Latin America and the Caribbean, who settled in a host country of the developed North, for returning to their country of origin saying "Goodbye" to the promised land through the version given by themselves in their <em>Chronicles of Life</em>. The understanding of these testimonies that migrants offered, as subjects in the construction of social reality, were conceived as reflective acts. We have proposed the following objectives with the purpose of knowing the reasons that led migrants to make this decision of returning to their country of origin, since these stories imply an intentionality that claims the role of the subject in the construction of social reality: <strong><em>a</em>)</strong> to know the return of the migrants for <em>desired motives</em>, and <strong><em>b</em>)</strong> to know the return of the migrants for <em>motives beyond their control</em>.</p><p class="paragraph"> </p><p class="paragraph"><strong>Keywords:</strong> paradigm, motives, social action, returning migration, first world, Latin America.</p>
The growing threat of non-communicable disease to pregnancy health
Authors: Hawley Nicola 
Published: December 2016

<p>For the past three decades, global maternal and child health efforts have focused on ensuring adequate nutrition for pregnant women, access to essential medicines, skilled health providers, safe facilities for birthing, and treating conditions such as prematurity, which remains the leading cause of newborn death.<sup>1</sup> As a result, maternal deaths have fallen by almost 45% since 1990 and the mortality of those aged under five years has more than halved.<sup>2</sup> But, this global progress stands to be undermined by the rapidly rising prevalence of obesity and related non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as diabetes and chronic hypertension, amongst the obstetric population. </p>
Barriers to contraceptive use in South Tarawa, Kiribati
Authors: Daube Jacob , Chamberman Viktoria , Raymond Eliza 
Published: December 2016

<p><strong>Background</strong>: Improving access to family planning in the Pacific region has been slow, especially for those living in remote and rural areas. Pacific countries consistently report contraceptive prevalence rates well below the United Nations’ global averages for ‘less developed’ regions. The most recent data available on family planning usage in Kiribati from 2009 reported that the modern contraceptive prevalence rate was just 18.0% and total contraceptive prevalence rate just 22.3%.</p><div><p>The aim of the study was to investigate knowledge and use of family planning and identify barriers to contraceptive uptake for men and women of reproductive age in South Tarawa, Kiribati, to inform future approaches aimed at increasing access to family planning.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> A mixed methods approach was used. A community survey of men and women of reproductive age (15-49 years) (n=500) was carried out to identify current levels of knowledge, contraceptive use and barriers to use. Focus groups (n=4) of target populations (men 15-24, men 25-49, women 15-24, women 25-49) were undertaken and in-depth interviews (n=14) were conducted with health professionals and government officials to interpret survey results, further investigate barriers and generate ideas for improving service delivery.</p><p><strong>Findings:</strong> Considerable barriers to family planning use were observed in the community survey and explored in the interviews and focus groups. They can be categorised into four thematic groups: disinterest in family planning; knowledge gaps; personal, family and social objections; and unsuitable service delivery.<strong><em></em></strong></p></div><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> A broad range of solutions were identified and fourteen service delivery recommendations were made for family planning service providers in South Tarawa. The recommendations may also hold relevance to other Pacific countries, however we encourage service providers to consider their country context before initiating any recommendations provided in this study. </p>
Severe pre-eclampsia: it’s recognition and management
Authors: Walters Barry NJ , Mittermeier Theresa 
Published: December 2016

<p>This article deals with certain aspects of the disorder that have not been as well covered in the literature as other elements. The clinical manifestations are manifold, variable and sometimes, if unrecognised, can have unfortunate results. The first truism to accept is that there is no such entity as ‘mild’ pre-eclampsia. All cases have the potential to undergo a transition to a life-threatening illness for mother and baby and, therefore, close monitoring as an inpatient is essential. </p>
The Pacific Society for Reproductive Health (PSRH) – twenty-years on.
Authors: Walker Carmel , Ekeroma Alec J 
Published: December 2016

<p>Benjamin Franklin has been quoted as saying that there are only two things certain in life – death and taxes.<sup>1</sup> But there is a third certainty - change. Much has changed over 20 years. For organisations to survive, they have to be relevant, sustainable and flexible. Inflexible organisations do not last long. </p>
Continuing professional development and challenges facing newly graduated midwives in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Moores Alison , Puawe Paula , Buasi Nancy , West Florence , Samor Mary K , Joseph Nina , Rumsey Michele , Dawson Angela , Homer Caroline Susan Elizabeth 
Published: December 2016

<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Maternal Mortality Ratio in Papua New Guinea (PNG) in 2008 was estimated at more than 700 deaths per 100,000 live births. In recognition of the high MMR, a Ministerial Taskforce was established in 2009 with recommendations to urgently address the workforce capacity in regard to maternal and child health services. In 2010, a new competency-based Bachelor of Midwifery curriculum was introduced into four universities in PNG and an increase in the numbers of midwifery students took place over a four year period.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of Papua New Guinean midwifery graduates from the 2012 and 2013 Bachelor of Midwifery cohorts. These graduates were among the first to complete the revised national midwifery curriculum designed to improve the knowledge and skills of a registered midwife graduate.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A descriptive exploratory study was undertaken to explore the experiences of 174 graduates in the first two years post-graduation. All graduates that were able to be contacted were provided with information about the study, consented and were interviewed either face-to-face or by phone/email. Quantitative data were analysed using simple descriptive statistics in SPSS and qualitative data underwent content analysis and coding by the research team.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Almost all (90%) graduates were working as midwives with 39% of graduates working in rural and remote locations across PNG. Midwifery education prepared graduates well for their work as midwives, but many commented that the course needed to be longer to improve feelings of competence. Professional support during their graduate year varied depending on location and motivation of supervisors. Many graduates, particularly those in rural areas, expressed the desire to work under clinical supervision in a hospital setting for a period of 6-12 months at the end of their training to become more skilled and confident prior to seeking employment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most midwifery graduates from the new curriculum found employment as midwives. Only a minority of graduates have had opportunities for continued professional development or support from a mentor of senior colleague. Regular, ongoing professional development and supervision needs to be initiated for the provision of skilled and evidence based care. Support and incentives for staff to work in rural and remote areas should be considered.</p>