bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kupfer und seine anorganischen Verbindungen [BAT Value Documentation in German language, 2017]
Authors: Letzel S. , Rossbach B. , Drexler H. , Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: July 2017

Abstract

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has evaluated copper (CAS No
7440‐50‐8
) in 2016.

Due to the homeostatic regulation of copper there is no correlation between copper exposure in air and copper in blood or urine. Neither increased inhalation exposure higher than the MAK value of 0.01 mg copper/m
3
nor increased oral supply lead to an increase of copper in blood or urine, even if first signs of exposure such as increased C‐reactive protein (CRP) are observed. An additional occupational burden cannot be differentiated from physiological levels of copper. Therefore, the evaluation of a biological tolerance value (BAT value) and a biological reference value (“Biologischer Arbeitsstoff‐Referenzwert” (BAR)) for copper and its inorganic compounds is not indicated.
Addendum zu Nitrobenzol [BAT Value Documentation in German language, 2017]
Authors: Leng G. , Bolt H.M. , Drexler H. , Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: July 2017

Abstract

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated nitrobenzene (CAS No
98‐95‐3
) in 2016, considering aniline released from aniline‐haemoglobin conjugate to characterize the internal exposure and the methaemoglobin formation as critical effect.

After inhalative exposure, high nitrobenzene concentrations cause adenomas and carcinomas in liver, kidney and thyroid in rats as well as lung and mamma in mice. A MAK value of 0.1 ml nitrobenzene/m
3
was established. For the haemoglobin adduct of nitrobenzene, a BLW (biological guidance value) of 100 µg aniline (released from aniline‐haemoglobin conjugate)/l blood corresponding to a methaemoglobin formation of 5 % was evaluated based on field studies.
Toluol, Ethylbenzol und Phenol – Bestimmung von o‐Kresol, m‐Kresol, 2‐Ethylphenol, 4‐Ethylphenol und Phenol in Urin mittels Gaschromatographie‐Massenspektrometrie [Biomonitoring Methods in German language, 2011]
Authors: Schettgen T. , Alt A. , Dewes P. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDer Artikel enthält folgende Kapitel:Grundlage des VerfahrensGeräte, Chemikalien und LösungenGeräteChemikalienLösungenInterner StandardVergleichsstandardsProbenahme und ProbenaufbereitungProbenaufbereitung zur Bestimmung der Kresole und EthylphenoleProbenaufbereitung zur Bestimmung von PhenolInstrumentelle ArbeitsbedingungenGaschromatographieMassenspektrometrieAnalytische BestimmungKalibrierungBerechnung der AnalysenergebnisseStandardisierung der Messergebnisse und QualitätssicherungBeurteilung des VerfahrensPräzisionRichtigkeitAufarbeitungsbedingte VerlusteNachweis‐ und BestimmungsgrenzenStöreinflüsseDiskussion der Methode
Spatiotemporally Controlled Release of Rho‐Inhibiting C3 Toxin from a Protein–DNA Hybrid Hydrogel for Targeted Inhibition of Osteoclast Formation and Activity
Authors: Gačanin Jasmina , Kovtun Anna , Fischer Stephan , Schwager Victoria , Quambusch Johanna , Kuan Seah Ling , Liu Weina , Boldt Felix , Li Chuang , Yang Zhongqiang , Liu Dongsheng , Wu Yuzhou , Weil Tanja , Barth Holger , Ignatius Anita 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn osteoporosis, bone structure can be improved by the introduction of therapeutic molecules inhibiting bone resorption by osteoclasts. Here, biocompatible hydrogels represent an excellent option for the delivery of pharmacologically active molecules to the bone tissue because of their biodegradability, injectability, and manifold functionalization capacity. The present study reports the preparation of a multifunctional hybrid hydrogel from chemically modified human serum albumin and rationally designed DNA building blocks. The hybrid hydrogel combines advantageous characteristics, including rapid gelation through DNA hybridization under physiological conditions and a self‐healing and injectable nature with the possibility of specific loading and spatiotemporally controlled release of active proteins, making it an advanced biomaterial for the local treatment of bone diseases, for example, osteoporosis. The hydrogels are loaded with a recombinant Rho‐inhibiting C3 toxin, C2IN‐C3lim‐G205C. This toxin selectively targets osteoclasts and inhibits Rho‐signaling and, thereby, actin‐dependent processes in these cells. Application of C2IN‐C3lim‐G205C toxin‐loaded hydrogels effectively reduces osteoclast formation and resorption activity in vitro, as demonstrated by tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase staining and the pit resorption assay. Simultaneously, osteoblast activity, viability, and proliferation are unaffected, thus making C2IN‐C3lim‐G205C toxin‐loaded hybrid hydrogels an attractive pharmacological system for spatial and selective modulation of osteoclast functions to reduce bone resorption.
Strain‐Induced Surface Micro/Nanosphere Structure: A New Technique to Design Mechanically Robust Superhydrophobic Surfaces with Rose Petal‐Like Morphology
Authors: Peng Yuncheng , Zhu Wei , Shen Shengfei , Feng Lishuang , Deng Yuan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA robust surface geometrical structure not only enables a favorable practical application but also leads to a long‐term reliability of superhydrophobic surfaces, and hence it is pivotal to find an effective route to improve the mechanical durability of superhydrophobic surfaces. This study reports a simple magnetron sputtering method to directly construct a robust rose petal‐like copper surface with high water adhesion (petal effect). A stable surface micro/nanosphere topography combining with naturally low surface energy is spontaneously formed by the strain‐induced‐island growth of the copper films during the sputtering process. Further reduced surface energy by fluorosilane, the rose petal‐like surface shows a high water contact angle (≈161.4°), effective adhesion force of ≈154 µN, and no‐loss transportation critical droplet volume of ≈98 µL. In addition, as‐prepared superhydrophobic surfaces exhibit superior mechanical stability according to the thermal shock (−40 °C/90 °C) for ≈500 cycles, water‐impacting test for ≈6 h, and finger touch (≈20 times) as well as tape‐peeling test (≈65 times) without losing superhydrophobicity. This work might provide a novel but simple way to directly and effectively fabricating robust superhydrophobic metallic surfaces for potential industrial applications, and can be easily extended to other metals and alloys.
Thermal Release Transfer Printing for Stretchable Conformal Bioelectronics
Authors: Yan Zhuocheng , Pan Taisong , Xue Miaomiao , Chen Changyong , Cui Yan , Yao Guang , Huang Long , Liao Feiyi , Jing Wei , Zhang Hulin , Gao Min , Guo Daqing , Xia Yang , Lin Yuan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSoft neural electrode arrays that are mechanically matched between neural tissues and electrodes offer valuable opportunities for the development of disease diagnose and brain computer interface systems. Here, a thermal release transfer printing method for fabrication of stretchable bioelectronics, such as soft neural electrode arrays, is presented. Due to the large, switchable and irreversible change in adhesion strength of thermal release tape, a low‐cost, easy‐to‐operate, and temperature‐controlled transfer printing process can be achieved. The mechanism of this method is analyzed by experiments and fracture‐mechanics models. Using the thermal release transfer printing method, a stretchable neural electrode array is fabricated by a sacrificial‐layer‐free process. The ability of the as‐fabricated electrode array to conform different curvilinear surfaces is confirmed by experimental and theoretical studies. High‐quality electrocorticography signals of anesthetized rat are collected with the as‐fabricated electrode array, which proves good conformal interface between the electrodes and dura mater. The application of the as‐fabricated electrode array on detecting the steady‐state visual evoked potentials research is also demonstrated by in vivo experiments and the results are compared with those detected by stainless‐steel screw electrodes.
Investigations on Field‐Effect Transistors Based on Two‐Dimensional Materials
Authors: Finge T. , Riederer F. , Mueller M. R. , Grap T. , Kallis K. , Knoch J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn the present article, experimental and theoretical investigations regarding field‐effect transistors based on two‐dimensional (2D) materials are presented. First, the properties of contacts between a metal and 2D material are discussed. To this end, metal‐to‐graphene contacts as well to transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) are studied. Whereas metal‐graphene contacts can be tuned with an appropriate back‐gate, metal‐TMD contacts exhibit strong Fermi level pinning showing substantially limited maximum possible drive current. Next, tungsten diselenide (WSe2) field‐effect transistors are presented. Employing buried‐triple‐gate substrates allows tuning source, channel and drain by applying appropriate gate voltages so that the device can be reconfigured to work as n‐type, p‐type and as so‐called band‐to‐band tunnel field‐effect transistor on the same WSe2 flake.
A Quadruple‐Action Platinum(IV) Prodrug with Anticancer Activity Against KRAS Mutated Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Petruzzella Emanuele , Braude Jeremy Phillip , Aldrich‐Wright Janice R. , Gandin Valentina , Gibson Dan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe developed a novel PtIV prodrug that simultaneously releases four different bioactive moieties inside the cancer cell. Its cytotoxicity against monolayer cultures (2D) and spheroid (3D) cancer cells is significantly better than cisplatin. It is 200–450‐fold more potent than cisplatin against KRAS mutated pancreatic and colon cancers and is 40‐fold more selective towards KRAS mutated cells compared to non‐cancerous. This is important since RAS proteins play a role in regulating cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival and KRAS is mutated in 90 % of pancreatic adenocarcinomas, 45 % of colorectal cancers, and 35 % of lung adenocarcinomas. The selectivity index, determined by dividing the IC50 value in non‐cancerous cells by that of a cancerous cell line, is two‐fold better than cisplatin, attesting to preferential cytotoxicity towards neoplastic cells.
Techno‐economic analysis of multiple bio‐based routes to adipic acid
Authors: Gunukula Sampath , Anex Robert P. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTechno‐economic studies of four processes for production of adipic acid from glucose were used to compare the minimum cost of production by each route. We analyzed the purely biological production via reverse β‐oxidation in E. coli; a purely chemical process using oxidation of glucose via chemical catalysis to glucaric acid that undergoes catalytic hydrodeoxygenation to adipic acid; and two hybrid routes that biologically convert glucose to either 6‐hydroxyhexanoic acid or 1, 6‐hexanediol, that are subsequently converted chemically to adipic acid using a metal catalyst. All analyses were based on adipic acid production capacity of 80 000 metric ton/year. Estimated total capital investments were US$157 million, $81 million, $166 million, and $177 million for the purely ­biological, chemical, and two integrated hybrid routes, respectively. Catalyst costs were estimated as $72 million, $36 million, and $37 million for the purely chemical and two integrated routes, respectively. The estimated adipic acid minimum selling prices were $1.36, $1.56, $1.48, and $1.70 per kg for the purely biological, purely chemical, and two integrated routes, respectively. Co‐product revenue and the use of unpurified sugars improved the economics of adipic acid production in the purely biological and two integrated routes. Comparison of the economics of the chemical catalytic steps shows that catalyst yields, turnover frequency, and catalyst life must be greater than 40% of theoretical, 0.01 s‐1, and 100 days to achieve economic viability of purely chemical and integrated routes to adipic acid. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fetal Cerebral Ventricular Dilatation: Etiopathogenic Study of 130 Observations
Authors: Darouich Sihem , Boutaud Lucile , Bessières Bettina , Bonnière Maryse , Martinovic Jelena , Mechler Charlotte , Alby Caroline , Bernard Jean‐Pierre , Roth Philippe , Ville Yves , Malan Valerie , Vekemans Michel , Attié‐Bitach Tania , Encha‐Razavi Férechté 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundFetal cerebral ventricular dilatation (CVD) is a common abnormal prenatal finding that often predicts a poor prognosis. The etiology involves both genetic and nongenetic factors with diverse pathogenic mechanisms. We describe the neuropathological features of CVD in a large cohort of fetuses. The goals are to determine the physiopathological mechanisms and etiologies.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed a series of 130 fetuses examined at the Necker University Hospital following termination of pregnancy between January 2000 and December 2014. Chiari II and Dandy‐Walker malformations were excluded from our study population. Karyotype and/or array comparative genomic hybridization were performed in all cases. Targeted Sanger sequencing or next generation sequencing were carried out in 34 and 5 cases, respectively.ResultsWe distinguished four groups of pathological entities: (1) midbrain/hindbrain patterning defects (54 cases, 42%), mainly related to aqueduct of Sylvius anomalies (atresia or stenosis); (2) cerebral cytoarchitectonic disorders (16 cases, 12%), essentially resulting from arachnoidal neuroglial ectopia; (3) hemorrhagic and perfusion failure (42 cases, 32%); and (4) nonspecific CVD (18 cases, 14%), without apparent obstruction, cortical malformation, or clastic injury. Although the pathogenic mechanisms of CVD were identified in 86% of cases, the causes, both acquired and genetic, were recognized in 21% of cases only.ConclusionThe neuropathological analysis is a powerful tool in the diagnosis of the fetal CVD pathogenic mechanisms and to identify homogeneous groups. The paucity of molecular diagnosis, notably in the major groups of midbrain/hindbrain patterning defects and hemorrhagic and perfusion failure, highlights the needs of future research to improve our current knowledge on CVD causes. Birth Defects Research 109:1586–1595, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A biosafety level 2 virology lab for biotechnology undergraduates
Authors: Matza‐Porges Sigal , Nathan Dafna 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMedical, industrial, and basic research relies heavily on the use of viruses and vectors. Therefore, it is important that bioscience undergraduates learn the practicalities of handling viruses. Teaching practical virology in a student laboratory setup presents safety challenges, however. The aim of this article is to describe the design and implementation of a virology laboratory, with emphasis on student safety, for biotechnology undergraduates. Cell culture techniques, animal virus infection, quantification, and identification are taught at a biosafety level 2 for a diverse group of undergraduates ranging from 20 to 50 students per group. © 2017 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 45(6):537–543, 2017.
Predicting neurocognitive function with hippocampal volumes and DTI metrics in patients with Alzheimer's dementia and mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Shim Geumsook , Choi Kwang‐Yeon , Kim Dohyun , Suh Sang‐il , Lee Suji , Jeong Hyun‐Ghang , Jeong Bumseok 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIntroductionCognitive performance in patients with Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been reported to be related to hippocampal atrophy and microstructural changes in white matter (WM). We aimed to predict the neurocognitive functions of patients with MCI or AD using hippocampal volumes and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics via partial least squares regression (PLSR).MethodsA total of 148 elderly female subjects were included: AD (n = 49), MCI (n = 66), and healthy controls (n = 33). Twenty‐four hippocampal subfield volumes and the average values for fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of 48 WM tracts were used as predictors, CERAD‐K total scores, scores of CERAD‐K 7 cognitive subdomains and K‐GDS were used as dependent variables in PLSR.ResultsRegarding MCI patients, DTI metrics such as the MD values of the left retrolenticular part of the internal capsule and left fornix (cres)/stria terminalis were significant predictors, while hippocampal subfield volumes, like the left CA1 and hippocampal tail, were main contributors to cognitive function in AD patients, although global FA/MD values were also strong predictors. The 10‐fold cross‐validation and stricter 300‐iteration tests proved that global cognition measured by the CERAD‐K total scores and the scores of several CERAD‐K subdomains can be reliably predicted using the PLSR models.ConclusionsOur findings indicate different structural contributions to cognitive function in MCI and AD patients, implying that diffuse WM microstructural changes may precede hippocampal atrophy during the AD neurodegenerative process.
Ethanol injection into the Marshall vein provoking a pericardial effusion resulting in a fatal complication in a patient with persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kato Kazuo , Igawa Osamu , Morimoto Shin‐ichiro , Kametani Ryosuke , Tanaka Akimitsu , Hattori Hideo 
Published: July 2017

Key Clinical MessageAn EIM (ethanol infusion into the vein of Marshall [VOM]) provoked a fatal complication in a chronic hemodialysis patient. Autopsy revealed a lacerated VOM covered with thrombi as the only potential cause. The EIM caused vascular damage and clots resulting in myocardial necrosis and interstitial bleeding around the lacerated VOM.
Diastereoselective Cyclization of 1,5‐Dienes with the C−H Bond of Pyridine Catalyzed by a Cationic Mono(phosphinoamide) Alkyl Scandium Complex
Authors: Chen Yanhui , Song Di , Li Jing , Hu Xiaoyan , Bi Xianjia , Jiang Tao , Hou Zhaomin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe carbocyclization of non‐conjugated dienes mediated by organometallics is an important reaction for the synthesis of a variety of carbocyclic derivatives, but the direct annulation of dienes with an inert C−H bond of a substrate has remained unexplored to date. We herein report a series of novel rare‐earth dialkyl complexes bearing a phosphinoamide anion and demonstrate that the combination of a mono(phosphinoamido)‐ligated scandium dialkyl complex with B(C6F5)3 results in an excellent catalyst for the cis‐selective cyclization of 1,5‐dienes with the ortho‐C(sp2)−H bond of pyridines to afford a new family of pyridyl‐functionalized 1,3‐disubstituted cyclopentane derivatives containing monocyclic, bicyclic, spirocyclic, and heterocyclic skeletons in moderate to excellent yields with high diastereoselectivities (cis/trans up to 99:1).
From Square‐Planar [ICl4]− to Novel Chloroiodates(III)? A Systematic Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Their Ionic Liquids
Authors: Burgenmeister Benedikt , Sonnenberg Karsten , Riedel Sebastian , Krossing Ingo 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA systematic investigation on the existence of chloroiodates formed by reaction of Cl− with I2Cl6, apart from the well‐known [ICl4]−, namely [I2Cl7]− and [I3Cl10]−, was undertaken by employing theoretical as well as experimental methods. The thermodynamic stability in terms of the complexation enthalpies and Gibbs energies, and also the decomposition of the iodine(III) polyinterhalogen anions through dichlorine elimination to form iodine (I) compounds, was studied by means of DFT and ab initio quantum‐chemical calculations up to an extrapolated CCSD(T)/A′QZ level. On the experimental side, mixtures of [HMIM]Cl ([HMIM]+=1‐hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium), [BMP]Cl ([BMP]+=1‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium chloride) and [NEt4]Cl with 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 equivalents of I2Cl6 were investigated by single‐crystal XRD, ion chromatography, NMR‐ and Raman spectroscopy. The reactions with 0.5 equivalents of I2Cl6 resulted in the compounds [HMIM][ICl4], [BMP][ICl4], and [NEt4][ICl4], of which crystal structures were determined. The mixtures with 1.0 or 1.5 equivalents of I2Cl6 yielded dark red liquids or suspensions of a dark red liquid with an orange solid, respectively. Both mixtures were studied by NMR‐spectroscopy for the organic cation part and ion chromatography and Raman spectroscopy for the polyinterhalogen anions. The discussion of the experimental Raman spectra is supplemented with computed spectra based on the structures obtained from RI‐MP2/def2‐TZVPP structure optimisations. Overall [I2Cl7]− appears to be the predominating anionic species in mixtures with 1.0 equivalents I2Cl6, while mixtures with 1.5 equivalents of I2Cl6 are suspensions of I2Cl6 in a liquid phase containing mixed anionic interhalogen complexes.
Artificial Metallooxidases from Cyclodextrin Diacids
Authors: Wang Bo , Bols Mikael 
Published: July 2017

AbstractUnprecedented simple artificial metalloenzymes were made from cyclodextrin diacids. Six α‐ and β‐cyclodextrin diacids were prepared and their metal‐binding and acid properties were investigated. The diacids formed fairly stable complexes with copper, zinc, and iron, with dissociation constants of 0.4–8×10−4 m. The iron complexes were found to catalyse a Fenton‐like oxidation reaction of benzylic alcohols, which displayed Michaelis–Menten catalysis and rate accelerations up to 2700.
A Direct Arylation‐Cyclisation Reaction for the Construction of Medium‐Sized Rings
Authors: Whitaker Daniel , Batuecas María , Ricci Paolo , Larrosa Igor 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA strategy for assembling biaryls linked through a medium‐sized ring is herein presented. π‐Complexation of fluoroarenes to chromium tricarbonyl activates the molecule towards both C−H activation and nucleophilic aromatic substitution without covalently altering the molecular connectivity of the arene. The construction of bridged biaryl molecules with 6–10‐membered core rings is achieved through a one‐pot C−H arylation/nucleophilic aromatic substitution sequence. The methodology is applicable to the synthesis of heterocyclic as well as fully carbocyclic rings.