bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing reginal wall abnormality detection accuracy: Integrating machine learning, optical flow algorithms, and temporal convolutional networks in multi-view echocardiography
Authors: Kasim Sazzli , Tang Junjie , Malek Sorayya , Ibrahim Khairul Shafiq , Shariff Raja Ezman Raja , Chima Jesvinna Kaur 
Published: September 2024

Background
Regional Wall Motion Abnormality (RWMA) serves as an early indicator of myocardial infarction (MI), the global leader in mortality. Accurate and early detection of RWMA is vital for the successful treatment of MI. Current automated echocardiography analyses typically concentrate on peak values from left ventricular (LV) displacement curves, based on LV contour annotations or key frames during the heart’s systolic or diastolic phases within a single echocardiographic cycle. This approach may overlook the rich motion field features available in multi-cycle cardiac data, which could enhance RWMA detection.

Methods
In this research, we put forward an innovative approach to detect RWMA by harnessing motion information across multiple echocardiographic cycles and multi-views. Our methodology synergizes U-Net-based segmentation with optical flow algorithms for detailed cardiac structure delineation, and Temporal Convolutional Networks (ConvNet) to extract nuanced motion features. We utilize a variety of machine learning and deep learning classifiers on both A2C and A4C views echocardiograms to enhance detection accuracy. A three-phase algorithm—originating from the HMC-QU dataset—incorporates U-Net for segmentation, followed by optical flow for cardiac wall motion field features. Temporal ConvNet, inspired by the Temporal Segment Network (TSN), is then applied to interpret these motion field features, independent of traditional cardiac parameter curves or specific key phase frame inputs.

Results
Employing five-fold cross-validation, our SVM classifier demonstrated high performance, with a sensitivity of 93.13%, specificity of 83.61%, precision of 88.52%, and an F1 score of 90.39%. When compared with other studies using the HMC-QU datasets, these Fig s stand out, underlining our method’s effectiveness. The classifier also attained an overall accuracy of 89.25% and Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 95%, reinforcing its potential for reliable RWMA detection in echocardiographic analysis.

Conclusions
This research not only demonstrates a novel technique but also contributes a more comprehensive and precise tool for early myocardial infarction diagnosis.
Implementation and evaluation of an electronic consult program at a large academic health system
Authors: Arora Anita , Fekieta Renee , Spatz Erica , Roy Brita , Marco Karla , Sharifi Mona , Pashankar Dinesh , Khokhar Babar 
Published: September 2024

Background
Although the benefits of eConsults in increasing access and lowering unnecessary utilization have been well described, the development of a successful program can be challenging.

Objective
We sought to share the experiences of a large academic health system in implementing and evaluating a high-volume electronic consultation (eConsult) program across 34 adult and pediatric medical and surgical specialties.

Methods
Using a multi-method approach, we collected qualitative and quantitative data on operational and process outcomes to describe adoption of eConsults, and survey data to capture satisfaction and experience among referring and specialist clinicians.

Results and conclusions
Data evaluating this eConsult program demonstrated robust uptake of the eConsult workflow as well as high satisfaction amongst primary care and specialty clinicians. Effective implementation strategies included engaging leadership, building a dedicated team, and developing quality assurance mechanisms. These experiences and findings may inform implementation at health systems interested in eConsult programs.
Prevalence and prognostic role of hypochloremia in patients with acute heart failure in Ethiopia: A single-center retrospective analysis
Authors: Solela Gashaw 
Published: September 2024

Background
In patients with heart failure (HF), multiple electrolyte disorders are common, and recent studies have shown that chloride disorders play a significant role in the prognosis of HF. Data about the prevalence and prognostic role of hypochloremia in patients with acute HF (AHF) are scarce in African nations, including Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to assess the prevalence, associated factors, and prognostic role of hypochloremia in patients with AHF in Ethiopia.

Methods
This was a single-center retrospective analysis of AHF patients, aged ≥15 years, with chloride determination upon admission to the medical wards and medical ICU of Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from July 1, 2022, to July 1, 2023. Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 26, was used to enter and analyze the data. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize clinical profiles, laboratory data, and outcomes of AHF patients stratified by the presence and absence of hypochloremia. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with hypochloremia and to assess the association of hypochloremia and other factors with in-hospital mortality in patients with AHF. A two-tailed P value <0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.

Results
A total of 267 AHF patients who had chloride determination on admission were included in this study; the mean age was 56.7 years (standard deviation: 18.6), and the gender-based distribution of the patients was nearly equal. The prevalence of hypochloremia was 36.7%. Diastolic blood pressure <60 mm Hg [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.63, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04, 12.72] and hyponatremia (AOR = 29.20, 95% CI, 13.21, 64.56) were significantly associated with hypochloremia. The in-hospital mortality rate was higher in AHF patients with hypochloremia (16.3%) compared to those without hypochloremia (4.7%). The odds of in-hospital mortality among AHF patients with hypochloremia were 2.8 times higher compared to patients without hypochloremia (AOR = 2.82, 95% CI: 1.08, 7.04) after adjusting for ICU admission, systolic blood pressure < 120 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure < 60 mm Hg.

Conclusions
This study revealed a high prevalence of hypochloremia among patients with AHF. Low diastolic blood pressure and hyponatremia were significantly associated with the development of hypochloremia. Most importantly, AHF patients with hypochloremia had a higher in-hospital mortality rate compared to those without hypochloremia. Hence, hypochloremia on admission should be considered a potential prognostic factor in patients with AHF, and further research with a larger sample size is needed to support the findings of this study.
Memories of Dress: Recollections of Material Identities, Alison Slater, Susan Atkin and Elizabeth Kealy-Morris (eds) (2023)
Authors: Mackinney Maria 
Published: September 2024

Review of: Memories of Dress: Recollections of Material Identities, Alison Slater, Susan Atkin and Elizabeth Kealy-Morris (eds) (2023)
London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 258 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-35015-379-0, h/bk, £85
PKM2 regulates metabolic flux and oxidative stress in the murine heart
Authors: Lee Katie C. Y. , Williams Allison L. , Wang Lu , Xie Guoxiang , Jia Wei , Fujimoto Anastasia , Gerschenson Mariana , Shohet Ralph V. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCardiac metabolism ensures a continuous ATP supply, primarily using fatty acids in a healthy state and favoring glucose in pathological conditions. Pyruvate kinase muscle (PKM) controls the final step of glycolysis, with PKM1 being the main isoform in the heart. PKM2, elevated in various heart diseases, has been suggested to play a protective role in cardiac stress, but its function in basal cardiac metabolism remains unclear. We examined hearts from global PKM2 knockout (PKM2−/−) mice and found reduced intracellular glucose. Isotopic tracing of U‐13C glucose revealed a shift to biosynthetic pathways in PKM2−/− cardiomyocytes. Total ATP content was two‐thirds lower in PKM2−/− hearts, and functional analysis indicated reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption. Total reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial superoxide were also increased in PKM2−/− cardiomyocytes. Intriguingly, PKM2−/− hearts had preserved ejection fraction compared to controls. Mechanistically, increased calcium/calmodulin‐dependent kinase II activity and phospholamban phosphorylation may contribute to higher sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 pump activity in PKM2−/− hearts. Loss of PKM2 led to altered glucose metabolism, diminished mitochondrial function, and increased ROS in cardiomyocytes. These data suggest that cardiac PKM2 acts as an important rheostat to maintain ATP levels while limiting oxidative stress. Although loss of PKM2 did not impair baseline contractility, its absence may make hearts more sensitive to environmental stress or injury.
Akt1 deficiency does not affect fiber type composition or mitochondrial protein expression in skeletal muscle of male mice
Authors: Miyaji Tatsuya , Kasuya Ryuichi , Sawada Atsushi , Sawamura Daisuke , Kitaoka Yu , Miyazaki Mitsunori 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInsulin‐like growth factor‐1‐induced activation of ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) improves muscle mitochondrial function through an Akt‐dependent mechanism. In this study, we examined whether Akt1 deficiency alters skeletal muscle fiber type and mitochondrial function by regulating ACLY‐dependent signaling in male Akt1 knockout (KO) mice (12–16 weeks old). Akt1 KO mice exhibited decreased body weight and muscle wet weight, with reduced cross‐sectional areas of slow‐ and fast‐type muscle fibers. Loss of Akt1 did not affect the phosphorylation status of ACLY in skeletal muscle. The skeletal muscle fiber type and expression of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complex proteins were unchanged in Akt1 KO mice compared with the wild‐type control. These observations indicate that Akt1 is important for the regulation of skeletal muscle fiber size, whereas the regulation of muscle fiber type and muscle mitochondrial content occurs independently of Akt1 activity.
Cauchy problem for a non-Newtonian filtration equation with slowly decaying volumetric moisture content
Authors: Huo Wentao , Fang Zhong Bo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article is concerned with the qualitative properties for the Cauchy problem of a non-Newtonian filtration equation with a reaction source term and volumetric moisture content. On the basis of the slowly decaying behavior of volumetric moisture content, we establish new critical exponents that depend on the ratio of coefficients and exponent of volumetric moisture content. Meantime, under appropriate conditions, we show that the solution globally exists for small enough initial data and blows up in finite time for large enough or any nontrivial initial datum.
Influential eradication of resistant Salmonella Typhimurium using bioactive nanocomposites from chitosan and radish seed-synthesized nanoselenium
Authors: El Rabey Haddad A. , Almassabi Rehab F. , Mohammed Ghena M. , Abbas Nasser H. , Bakry Nadia , Althiyabi Abdullah S. , Alshubayli Ibrahim H. , Tayel Ahmed A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Biosynthesized nanomaterials and nanocomposites (NCs) could have promising potentialities to overcome the multi-drug-resistant (MDR) pathogenic bacteria, particularly Salmonella Typhimurium. Radish seed (Raphanus sativus) mucilage (RSM) was employed for synthesizing/capping selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and their nanoconjugates with chitosan (Ct) were assessed for inhibiting MDR S. typhimurium. The SeNPs were effectually biosynthesized using RSM and have 4.21 nm mean size and −25.6 mV surface charge. Different NC formulations of Ct/RSM/SeNPs were generated and validated using infrared spectroscopy and electron microscopy. The entire formulations could suppress S. Typhimurium growth, including MDR strains. F3 NCs (with 53.64 nm diameter and +21.1 mV surface charge) had the strongest anti-S. Typhimurium activity that exceeded the action of cephalosporin, and the subsequent antibacterial formulation was F2 (with 41.77 nm diameter and −17.3 mV charge). The NCs of Ct/RSM/SeNPs could severely destruct, deform, and lyse S. Typhimurium cells’ structures throughout 10 h of exposure. The innovative fabricated NCs of Ct/RSM/SeNPs are auspiciously suggested as effectual biocides to eradicate MDR S. Typhimurium in various food-processing facilities.
Unidirectional transmission of optical waveguides in optical communication bands based on the valley Hall effect
Authors: Yang Aichun , Chen Minghua 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Unidirectional transmission of optical waveguides in optical communication bands has been a difficult problem in the field of optical communication. In this paper, the valley Hall effect is utilized to enhance the transmission efficiency of optical wave in optical communication system. Valley photonic crystal is selected as the main material of optical waveguide in optical communication band. Valley photonic crystal is composed of air columns periodically arranged according to the honeycomb lattice in the dielectric material, which shows the valley Hall topological effect in transverse electric wave mode. By introducing the energy valley degree of freedom into the photonic crystal, the light wave is transmitted locally on the dielectric material at the interface, and the control of the dielectric material realizes the regulation of light transmission. The Chern number of optical waveguide topology in the optical communication band, the exchange phenomenon occurs at the same energy band position and realizes efficient unidirectional transmission of optical waveguides in optical communication bands. The experimental results show that the optical communication band optical waveguide based on the valley Hall effect has unique unidirectional transmission characteristics and robustness to cornering and is capable of realizing unidirectional optical transmission in optical communication systems.
Emerging magic bullet: subcellular organelle-targeted cancer therapy
Authors: Yan Yue , Zhang Yimeng , Liu Jianxiong , Chen Binlong , Wang Yiguang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs heavily relies on their concentration and retention at the corresponding target site. Hence, merely increasing the cellular concentration of drugs is insufficient to achieve satisfactory therapeutic outcomes, especially for the drugs that target specific intracellular sites. This necessitates the implementation of more precise targeting strategies to overcome the limitations posed by diffusion distribution and nonspecific interactions within cells. Consequently, subcellular organelle-targeted cancer therapy, characterized by its exceptional precision, have emerged as a promising approach to eradicate cancer cells through the specific disruption of subcellular organelles. Owing to several advantages including minimized dosage and side effect, optimized efficacy, and reversal of multidrug resistance, subcellular organelle-targeted therapies have garnered significant research interest in recent years. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the distribution of drug targets, targeted delivery strategies at various levels, and sophisticated strategies for targeting specific subcellular organelles. Additionally, we highlight the significance of subcellular targeting in cancer therapy and present essential considerations for its clinical translation.
Shell-core-structured electrospinning film with sequential anti-inflammatory and pro-neurogenic effects for peripheral nerve repairment
Authors: Ni Binting , Ma Hao , Zhang Shunuo , Chengliu Hanghang , Xu Yong , Dai Wufei , Min Peiru , Li Liqun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Inducing an anti-inflammatory response before neurogenesis is crucial in effectively addressing peripheral nerve damage. Herein, we developed shell-core-structured nanofilms (Cur/PLCL@BDNF/CNT) using poly-(l-Lactide)-Caprolactone (PLCL) and curcumin (Cur, an anti-inflammatory agent) as the shell layer, and carbon nanotubes (CNT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF, a neurogenic factor) as the core via coaxial electrospinning technology. The resulting Cur/PLCL@BDNF/CNT film exhibited a characteristic fibrous structure with remarkable shell-core architecture, demonstrating unweakened mechanical properties. Notably, it displayed sustained release kinetics with distinct stages: prioritized Cur release within the initial 12 days and delayed BDNF release between 10 to 30 days. Additionally, the Cur/PLCL@BDNF/CNT film demonstrated high biocompatibility with Schwann cells. Subsequent in vitro analysis revealed the potent anti-inflammatory capabilities of the released Cur from the shell layer, while the BDNF released from the core layer effectively induced neurogenic differentiation of Schwann cells. The Cur/PLCL@BDNF/CNT film was rolled into a nerve conduit and then utilized for nerve regeneration in a 10 mm rat sciatic nerve defect model. The staged release of Cur and BDNF facilitated by the Cur/PLCL@BDNF/CNT film established an anti-inflammatory microenvironment before initiating nerve regeneration, resulting in better nerve restoration. This study emphasizes the significance of shell-core-structured nanofilms in temporally regulating anti-inflammation and neurogenesis.
Nachhaltigkeitskooperationen von Unternehmen: Zur Bewertung von Wohlfahrtseffekten und der angemessenen Verbraucherbeteiligung
Authors: Heller C.-Philipp , Mattke Johannes 
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung
Das Kartellrecht soll den Wettbewerb schützen und damit Verbraucherwohlfahrt fördern. Es könnte jedoch auch Unternehmen daran hindern, mehr Nachhaltigkeit durch Industriekooperationen zu erzielen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt auf, dass Initiativen von Unternehmen eine zweitbeste Lösung für Nachhaltigkeitsdefizite sein können (wenn politische Lösungen ausbleiben) und es daher erstrebenswert wäre, Nachhaltigkeitsinitiativen kartellrechtlich zu prüfen und gegebenenfalls freizugeben. In diesem Zusammenhang wird erläutert, unter welchen Bedingungen Nachhaltigkeitsinitiativen wohlfahrtssteigernd sind bzw. kartellrechtlich bereits möglich sind. Dahingehend wird beschrieben, insbesondere im Kontext der Verbraucherbeteiligung, welche Methoden zur Verfügung stehen, um einzelne Initiativen zu bewerten und wie Wettbewerbsbehörden in der bisherigen Fallpraxis vorgingen.
ЛЕКСИКА З ЕМОЦІЙНО-ОЦІННИМ ЗАБАРВЛЕННЯМ У ПОЕТИЧНОМУ МОВЛЕННІ ОКСАНИ ЗАБУЖКО
Authors: Рибалка Я. , Шевченко Т. 
Published: September 2024

Постановка проблеми. У контексті розвитку сучасної лінгвістичної парадигми пріоритетними є антропоцентричні підходи, які спрямовані на вивчення творчості вітчизняних письменників, художній доробок яких зберігає і збагачує українську мову. Соціокультурний підхід спрямовує увагу на людині та її ролі в організації мови як засобу спілкування. Категорії емоційності та оцінності є яскравими засобами передачі досвіду сприйняття. Тому актуальним є дослідження емотивних аспектів мови на прикладі творчості тих чи тих авторів.
Метою статті є дослідити емоційно-оцінні компоненти у творчості Оксани Забужко з акцентом на семантичний і стилістичний рівні.
Методи дослідження: описовий метод, а також комплексний аналіз із залученням компонентного.
Основні результати дослідження. Окреслено межі категорії емотивності та визначено її місце в системі лінгвістичних категорій; проаналізовано погляди провідних мовознавців щодо емоційно-оцінних компонентів та їхнього функціонування в худоньому дискурсі; з’ясовано зв’язок емотивного і оцінного компонентів у значенні слова з урахуванням аспектів їх дослідження; проаналізовано семантичні особливості емоційно-оцінної лексики у поетичному мовленні Оксани Забужко, розглянуто стилістичний аспект відтворення емоцій на прикладі творчості авторки.
Висновки і перспективи. У художньому дискурсі Оксани Забужко фіксуємо численну кількість неоднорідних та різнозначеннєвих емоційно-оцінних компонентів. З огляду різних класифікацій досліджуваної лексики констатуємо, що у творах авторки наявні: емотивна лексика зі вказівкою на емоції та переживання, емотиви з емоційно-оцінним інгрідієнтом, інтимні звертання, слова з суфіксами зменшеності, пестливості, згрубілості, непритаманні художньому стилю лексеми, модальні слова. Оцінна лексика представлена словами з неоцінним та оцінним денотативним компонентом. У творах емоційна забарвленість надається лексемам за допомогою переносного значення і суфіксів. Аналізовані емоційно-оцінні компоненти є виразниками захоплення, здивування, суму, урізноманітнюють стилістичний художній простір, виконують емоційно виражальну, номінативну, естетичну й волюнтативну функції, функцію вуалювання й табуювання розповіді.
Nacionalização do ensino e reforma educacional no Rio Grande do Sul (1937-1945)
Authors: Quadros Claudemir de 
Published: September 2024

O processo de nacionalização do ensino impactou de modo intenso as políticas dedicadas à educação no Rio Grande do Sul. Por meio desse processo, abriu-se um campo de possibilidades para a atuação do Estado no âmbito educacional do Rio Grande do Sul, que, até então, estruturava-se de forma relativamente frágil, restringia-se a poucos atos administrativos e a incipientes iniciativas de aperfeiçoamento do magistério. Neste texto, apresenta-se um estudo bibliográfico, documental e descritivo, que tem como objetivo demonstrar que, em função da nacionalização do ensino, alteraram-se as formas de administração do sistema educativo no Rio Grande do Sul. Conclui-se que a nacionalização do ensino abriu um campo de possibilidades para a intervenção estatal, pela qual se promoveu uma ampla reforma educacional, orientada e planejada a partir de diretrizes teóricas, técnicas e administrativas, que redefiniu o problema da educação, da escola e da profissionalização do magistério.
Evaluación de muestras del agregado grueso proveniente de residuos de concreto para producir nuevos concretos
Authors: Cruz Zuniga Nidia , Ramirez Picado Daniela 
Published: September 2024

Las demandas de materiales de construcción son cada vez más crecientes, sus fuentes escasas y el manejo de residuos de construcción y demolición muy complejo. La investigación que sustentó el presente artículo buscó estudiar las características del agregado grueso para la construcción proveniente de escombros de obras civiles, y compararlas con los agregados vírgenes tradicionales, con el fin de valorar su posible utilización. Se trabajó con tres fuentes de materia prima para reciclar: paredes de mampostería, baldosas prefabricadas y concreto colado en sitio (cilindros de prueba); todos facilitados por el LanammeUCR.Se siguieron las normas establecidas por INTECO, tanto para la caracterización de los agregados reciclados como para los diseños de mezcla. En las mezclas se utilizaron tres diferentes porcentajes de agregado grueso reciclado sustituyendo al natural. Los resultados arrojaron pequeñas variaciones respecto al comportamiento del agregado virgen, en especial en la absorción, peso unitario y desgaste. Se obtuvieron resultados muy favorables en cuanto a la resistencia a la compresión de los concretos con agregado grueso reciclado, contemplando siempre un diseño de mezcla que se ajustara a sus características. Entre las limitacionesestá que no se estudió la durabilidad del concreto fabricado; tampoco se trabajó con agregado fino reciclado; ambos fenómenos serán abordados en futuras investigaciones. Al finalizar la investigación se concluye que el reciclaje de agregado grueso es técnicamente factible.