bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decolonial Woes and Practices of Un-knowing
Authors: Ortega Mariana 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT
Decolonial philosophy aims at destabilizing and critiquing what Walter Mignolo has called Eurocentric macronarratives of coloniality. However, the very practices of decolonial thinkers in the U.S. academy can themselves replicate colonial impulses and erasures. In this article I discuss “decolonial woes,” or a certain affliction that arises when even resistant practices are connected to what I term “practices of un-knowing,” which distort and negate epistemic practices that have been deployed against ignorance about marginalized selves. Importantly, one of the decolonial woes I point to is connected to the work on decoloniality of scholars of color that undermines and makes invisible the decolonial work of Chicanas such as Emma Pérez and Gloria Anzaldúa. Scholars of color are thus also enacting practices of un-knowing.
Herstel van de arbeidsovereenkomst onder de Wwz
Authors: Houweling Ruben 
Published: August 2017

Herstel van de arbeidsovereenkomst onder de Wwz
De auteur analyseert de rechtsfiguur ‘herstel van de arbeidsovereenkomst’ aan de hand van de wetsgeschiedenis, theorie, recente rechtspraak van de Hoge Raad (Mediant- en Vlisco-beschikkingen) en een statistische analyse van lagere rechtspraak onder de Wwz.
De wetsgeschiedenis als bron van rechtsvinding in het arbeidsrecht (I)
Authors: Bennaars Hanneke , Diepenbach Marloes , Jovovic Marko 
Published: August 2017

De wetsgeschiedenis als bron van rechtsvinding in het arbeidsrecht (I)
In dit artikel wordt onderzocht hoe de rechter de wetsgeschiedenis gebruikt bij de rechtsvinding. Aan de hand van een theoretisch kader wordt Wwz-jurisprudentie geanalyseerd op een aantal arbeidsrechtelijke terreinen die door de Wwz zijn gewijzigd.
Evaluation of a Commercial Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Quantification of Beta-Casomorphin 7 in Yogurt Using Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled to Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry as the “Gold Standard” Method
Authors: Nguyen Duc Doan , Busetti Francesco , Johnson Stuart Keith , Solah Vicky Ann 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
This study investigated beta-casomorphin 7 (BCM7) in yogurt by means of LC-tandem MS (MS/MS) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and use LC-MS/MS as the “gold standard” method to evaluate the applicability of a commercial ELISA. The level of BCM7 in milk obtained from ELISA analysis was much lower than that obtained by LC-MS/MS analysis and trended to increase during fermentation and storage of yogurt. Meanwhile, the results obtained from LC-MS/MS showed that BCM7 degraded during stages of yogurt processing, and its degradation may have been caused by X-prolyl dipeptidyl aminopeptidase activity. As a result, the commercial sandwich ELISA kit was not suitable for the quantification of BCM7 in fermented dairy milk.
Commutability of Reference Materials for α-Fetoprotein in Human Serum
Authors: Yue Yuhong , Zhang Shunli , Xu Zhenzhen , Chen Xi , Wang Qingtao 
Published: August 2017

Context.—
Reliable quantification of α-fetoprotein (AFP) is critical for clinical diagnosis. Accuracy in AFP analysis relies on traceability to reference materials with confirmed commutability.

Objective.—
To assess the commutability of the reference materials for AFP. We screened for appropriate reference materials for the calibration of clinical AFP analysis and for application in an external quality assessment scheme. The feasibility of using water to dilute a reference material from the World Health Organization was also evaluated.

Design.—
Patient serum samples with various levels of AFP were randomly interspersed among AFP reference materials from the World Health Organization, the Beijing Center for Clinical Laboratories, and Beijing Controls and Standards Biotechnology and quality controls from Bio-Rad. The samples were analyzed on 5 different platforms to assess the comparability of the results and commutability of the reference materials.

Results.—
Significant variations in AFP measurement were observed among the 5 instrument platforms. The Beijing Center for Clinical Laboratories and Beijing Controls and Standards Biotechnology reference materials were commutable across all the instrument platforms. The World Health Organization AFP 72/225 reference material diluted with distilled water was also commutable at high concentrations. The Bio-Rad quality control materials for AFP were commutable among 4 out of 5 instrument platforms.

Conclusions.—
Our results suggested that the Beijing Center for Clinical Laboratories and Beijing Controls and Standards Biotechnology materials were commutable across all 5 instrument platforms, whereas the Bio-Rad quality controls were limited by the concentration of AFP and the instrument platforms used. Caution needs to be taken in using water to dilute the World Health Organization 72/225 reference material because its commutability is limited to high concentrations.
Precursor Lesions of Urologic Malignancies
Authors: Khani Francesca , Robinson Brian D. 
Published: August 2017

Context.—Precursor lesions of urologic malignancies are established histopathologic entities, which are important not only to recognize for clinical purposes, but also to further investigate at the molecular level in order to gain a better understanding of the pathogenesis of these malignancies.Objective.—To provide a brief overview of precursor lesions to the most common malignancies that develop within the genitourinary tract with a focus on their clinical implications, histologic features, and molecular characteristics.Data Sources.—Literature review from PubMed, urologic pathology textbooks, and the 4th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs. All photomicrographs were taken from cases seen at Weill Cornell Medicine or from the authors' personal slide collections.Conclusions.—The clinical importance and histologic criteria are well established for the known precursor lesions of the most common malignancies throughout the genitourinary tract, but further investigation is warranted at the molecular level to better understand the pathogenesis of these lesions. Such investigation may lead to better risk stratification of patients and potentially novel treatments.
Trajectoires d’élèves québécois inscrits au Parcours de formation axée sur l’emploi
Authors: Rousseau Nadia , Marion Caroline , Fournier Hélène , Tétreault Karen , Paquin Stacey 
Published: August 2017

C’est en réponse aux défis entourant l’obtention d’un diplôme de niveau secondaire chez les élèves handicapés ou en difficulté d’adaptation ou d’apprentissage (EHDAA) que le Ministère de l’Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport (MELS) instaurait, en 2008, le Parcours de formation axée sur l’emploi (PFAE). Ce parcours vise, d’une part, l’augmentation du taux de diplomation des jeunes et, d’autre part, l’insertion en emploi. Considérant la problématique entourant l’obtention d’un diplôme chez ces jeunes, son importance en matière d’insertion socioprofessionnelle et le petit nombre d’études au PFAE, il nous est apparu nécessaire d’examiner, dans le cadre d’une étude longitudinale, les trajectoires empruntées par 168 élèves répartis dans sept écoles secondaires québécoises. Un regard est également posé sur leur expérience dans cette voie de formation. Les résultats révèlent une appréciation mitigée du PFAE par les jeunes de même que d’importants écarts de certification entre la Formation préparatoire au travail (FPT) et la Formation menant à l’exercice d’un métier semi-spécialisé (FMS).
Building a chiropractic academy of educators: A needs assessment of selected faculty educators
Authors: Tunning Michael J. , Derby Dustin C. , Krell-Mares Kelly A. , Barber Michelle R. 
Published: August 2017

Objective:
Professional demands have led to health-care educator specialization in research or patient care. The academy movement is an avenue that attempts to return prestige and importance to improved instruction. The authors performed a needs analysis of selected faculty at 3 chiropractic colleges to assess the need for, and willingness to participate in, an academy of educators program.

Methods:
An expert-developed, pretested survey was deployed using SurveyMonkey. Analysis of variance and regression analysis were used to address 3 research questions related to the academy of educators program.

Results:
The study achieved a 53% response rate and reflected that an overwhelming majority of chiropractic faulty members (89%) reported the need for an academy of educators. The study found no significant differences between faculty ranks, years of experience, and participation willingness.

Conclusion:
A structured approach, such as an academy, to foster professional teaching development may create positive outcomes for an institution. Faculty educators were willing to engage in an efficient program that may improve teaching methods and create opportunities for collaborative working relationships, which signals the potential for wide acceptance of the program.
Expression of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 receptor in circulating tumor cells of patients with breast cancer is associated with patient outcomes
Authors: Spiliotaki Maria , Mavroudis Dimitris , Kokotsaki Maria , Vetsika Eleni‐Kyriaki , Stoupis Ioannis , Matikas Alexios , Kallergi Galatea , Georgoulias Vassilis , Agelaki Sofia 
Published: August 2017

In patients with breast cancer, markers of aggressiveness such as dysregulation of the insulin‐like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) system and E‐cadherin loss are commonly observed. Reduced IGF1R expression is correlated with decreased E‐cadherin levels and increased cell motility. We assessed IGF1R and E‐cadherin expression in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients with breast cancer. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of early (n = 87)‐ and metastatic (n = 126)‐stage breast cancer patients (obtained prior to adjuvant and first‐line chemotherapy) were evaluated using double immunofluorescence (IF) staining for cytokeratin (CK) and IGF1R. Triple IF using CK, IGF1R, and E‐cadherin antibodies was performed in selected CTC(+) patients. IGF1R(+) CTCs were more frequently observed in early disease than in metastatic disease (86% vs 68% of CTCs, P = 0.04) stage, whereas IGF1R(−) CTCs were more common in metastatic than in early disease (32% vs 14% of CTCs, P = 0.002). 100% of CTC(+) patients with early disease, compared to 79% of those with metastatic disease, harbored IGF1R(+) CTCs (P = 0.007). Patients with early disease and exclusively IGF1R(+) CTCs had longer disease‐free (P = 0.02) and overall survival (P = 0.001) compared to patients with both IGF1R(+) and IGF1R(−) CTC populations. 67% of early‐stage CTC(+) patients evaluated had exclusively IGF1R(+)/E‐cadherin(+) CTCs, 33% also had IGF1R(−)/E‐cadherin(−) CTCs, and none had exclusively IGF1R(−)/E‐cadherin(−) CTCs compared to 17%, 75%, and 8% of metastatic patients, respectively (P = 0.027). Similarly, in paired samples of patients with early disease that progressed to metastatic disease, the proportion of IGF1R(+)/E‐cadherin(+) CTCs was reduced and IGF1R(−)/E‐cadherin(−) CTCs were increased in the metastatic stage compared to early disease stage. IGF1R(+) CTCs are commonly detected in breast cancer, and their frequency decreases in the metastatic disease stage. IGF1R(+)/E‐cadherin(+) CTCs also decrease in metastatic patients. IGF1R(+) CTCs are associated with favorable outcomes in early disease stage, suggesting that IGF1R expression is correlated with reduced metastatic potential in breast cancer.
An integrated evaluation of land surface energy fluxes over China in seven reanalysis/modeling products
Authors: Li Hongyu , Fu Congbin , Guo Weidong 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAn integrated evaluation of monthly mean land surface energy fluxes over China in seven reanalysis and land model products during the period 1979–2015 is conducted. Observations from seven field sites are used to evaluate these flux products, including four reanalysis data sets and three produced by off‐line land surface models. In general, the expected seasonal variations and spatial patterns in major climatic regimes are well reproduced by all reanalysis and modeling products. However, large differences among the four reanalysis products are found, while the three off‐line land surface modeling products correlate well with each other. Looking at the Bowen ratio, it is found that the off‐line land surface models convert a larger fraction of surface available energy into sensible heat flux compared to the reanalysis products in all climatic regimes. There are three centers of high interannual variability in sensible heat located in West China, Northeast China, and the eastern Inner Mongolia, respectively. In addition, the sensible heat flux agrees better with observations at grassland sites than at forest sites, while the latent heat flux and net radiation are significantly overestimated at forest sites in all the flux products. Besides, mean square errors of the fluxes are decomposed into biases, correlations, and differences in standard deviation. Finally, based on a ranking system adopted to quantitatively evaluate the performance of each data set, it is found that the surface energy fluxes in ERA‐Interim and JRA‐25 agree well with observations and the ensemble mean of all these products remains reasonably realistic as well.
Control of asperities size and spacing on seismic behavior of subduction megathrusts
Authors: Corbi Fabio , Funiciello Francesca , Brizzi Silvia , Lallemand Serge , Rosenau Matthias 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe majority of the largest subduction megathrust earthquakes share the common characteristic of rupturing more than one asperity along strike of the margin. Understanding the factors that control coseismic failure of multiple asperities, and thus maximum magnitude, is central for seismic hazard assessment. To investigate the role of asperities size and spacing on maximum magnitude, seismicity rate, and percentage of synchronized ruptures, we use analog models simulating along‐strike rupture behavior of megathrust earthquakes. We found negative correlations between the barrier‐to‐asperity length ratio Db/Da and maximum magnitude and seismicity rate. Db/Da also controls the process of asperities synchronization along the megathrust. A permanent barrier behavior is observed for Db/Da > 0.5. Comparing our experimental results to the Nankai Trough historical seismicity, we propose that the distribution of megathrust frictional heterogeneities likely explains the diversity of earthquakes which occurred there.
Proton velocity ring‐driven instabilities and their dependence on the ring speed: Linear theory
Authors: Min Kyungguk , Liu Kaijun , Gary S. Peter 
Published: August 2017

AbstractLinear dispersion theory is used to study the Alfvén‐cyclotron, mirror and ion Bernstein instabilities driven by a tenuous (1%) warm proton ring velocity distribution with a ring speed, vr, varying between 2vA and 10vA, where vA is the Alfvén speed. Relatively cool background protons and electrons are assumed. The modeled ring velocity distributions are unstable to both the Alfvén‐cyclotron and ion Bernstein instabilities whose maximum growth rates are roughly a linear function of the ring speed. The mirror mode, which has real frequency ωr=0, becomes the fastest growing mode for sufficiently large vr/vA. The mirror and Bernstein instabilities have maximum growth at propagation oblique to the background magnetic field and become more field‐aligned with an increasing ring speed. Considering its largest growth rate, the mirror mode, in addition to the Alfvén‐cyclotron mode, can cause pitch angle diffusion of the ring protons when the ring speed becomes sufficiently large. Moreover, because the parallel phase speed, v∥ph, becomes sufficiently small relative to vr, the low‐frequency Bernstein waves can also aid the pitch angle scattering of the ring protons for large vr. Potential implications of including these two instabilities at oblique propagation on heliospheric pickup ion dynamics are discussed.
Modeling polar region atmospheric ionization induced by the giant solar storm on 20 January 2005
Authors: Mitthumsiri W. , Seripienlert A. , Tortermpun U. , Mangeard P.‐S. , Sáiz A. , Ruffolo D. , Macatangay R. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIonization in Earth's troposphere is mainly due to Galactic cosmic rays. Occasionally, solar storms produce intense relativistic ion beams that significantly increase such ionization. One of the largest recorded solar radiation storms, on 20 January 2005, resulted in up to 55‐fold increases in the count rates of ground‐based particle detectors in polar regions. We use McMurdo and Inuvik neutron monitor data to estimate accurate time profiles of ion energy spectra above the atmosphere at each location. Using data‐driven atmospheric models, we perform Monte Carlo simulations of particle‐air interactions and calculate atmospheric ionization and potential biological dosage versus altitude and time for each location. We found that if airplane passengers had traversed the south polar region, they could have been exposed to the typical annual cosmic radiation dosage at sea level within 1 h. These techniques can help evaluate possible influences of solar activity on atmospheric properties.
Statistical analysis of MMS observations of energetic electron escape observed at/beyond the dayside magnetopause
Authors: Cohen Ian J. , Mauk Barry H. , Anderson Brian J. , Westlake Joseph H. , Sibeck David G. , Turner Drew L. , Fennell Joseph F. , Blake J. Bern , Jaynes Allison N. , Leonard Trevor W. , Baker Daniel N. , Spence Harlan E. , Reeves Geoff D. , Giles Barbara J. , Strangeway Robert J. , Torbert Roy B. , Burch James L. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObservations from the Energetic Particle Detector (EPD) instrument suite aboard the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) spacecraft show that energetic (greater than tens of keV) magnetospheric particle escape into the magnetosheath occurs commonly across the dayside. This includes the surprisingly frequent observation of magnetospheric electrons in the duskside magnetosheath, an unexpected result given assumptions regarding magnetic drift shadowing. The 238 events identified in the 40 keV electron energy channel during the first MMS dayside season that exhibit strongly anisotropic pitch angle distributions indicating monohemispheric field‐aligned streaming away from the magnetopause. A review of the extremely rich literature of energetic electron observations beyond the magnetopause is provided to place these new observations into historical context. Despite the extensive history of such research, these new observations provide a more comprehensive data set that includes unprecedented magnetic local time (MLT) coverage of the dayside equatorial magnetopause/magnetosheath. These data clearly highlight the common escape of energetic electrons along magnetic field lines concluded to have been reconnected across the magnetopause. While these streaming escape events agree with prior studies which show strong correlation with geomagnetic activity (suggesting a magnetotail source) and occur most frequently during periods of southward IMF, the high number of duskside events is unexpected and previously unobserved. Although the lowest electron energy channel was the focus of this study, the events reported here exhibit pitch angle anisotropies indicative of streaming up to 200 keV, which could represent the magnetopause loss of >1 MeV electrons from the outer radiation belt.
Validation of single spacecraft methods for collisionless shock velocity estimation
Authors: Giagkiozis Stefanos , Walker Simon N. , Pope Simon A. , Collinson Glyn 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe velocity of a collisionless shock (CS) is an important parameter in the determination of the spatial scales of the shock. The spatial scales of the shock determine the processes that guide the energy dissipation, which is related to the nature of the shock. During the pre‐ISEE era, estimations of relative shock‐spacecraft velocity (VSh) were based on spatial scales of the shock front regions, in particularly the foot. Multispacecraft missions allow more reliable identification of VSh. The main objective of this study is to examine the accuracy of two single spacecraft methods, which use the foot region of quasi‐perpendicular shocks in order determine VSh. This is important for observational shock studies based on a single spacecraft data such as Venus Express (VEX) and THOR, a proposed single spacecraft mission of European Space Agency. It is shown that neither method provides estimates with an accuracy comparable to multipoint measurements of VSh. In the absence of alternative techniques to identify the VSh and therefore the spatial scales of the shocks, the methods can be used to provided order of magnitude estimations for the spatial scales of the shock front. Observations of the Venusian bow shock from VEX data have been used as an illustrative example for the application of these methods to estimate the shock spatial scale and the corresponding errors of this estimation. It is shown that the spatial width of the ramp of the observed shock is L ∼ 3.4 ± 1.4c/ωpe.
Wavelet spectra within a forest subcanopy under different wind directions and stabilities
Authors: Russell Eric S. , Liu Heping , Lamb Brian 
Published: August 2017

AbstractVertical structure of turbulence within a forest canopy is complex as a result of interactions between the flow dynamics, stability, and vegetation. It remains unclear as to how the combination of the changing stability, flow conditions, and upstream obstacles alters vertical variations in turbulence structures within canopy. Here we used data from three sonic anemometers within the forest canopy to study the interplay between these factors. The turbulence structure depended upon the wind direction and stability similarly as particular stability conditions were primarily associated with certain wind directions over the sloped terrain. The general shape of the spectra varied with the depth into the canopy, creating a perceived spectral gap near the surface that was not observed near the top of the canopy. The strength of the division between smaller scales and larger scales increased under more stable conditions as the different layers were unable to couple, limiting the passage of energy through the canopy.
Cosmic rays, aerosols, clouds, and climate: Recent findings from the CLOUD experiment
Authors: Pierce J. R. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets (CLOUD) experiment was created to systematically test the link between galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and climate, specifically, the connection of ions from GCR to aerosol nucleation and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), the particles on which cloud droplets form. The CLOUD experiment subsequently unlocked many of the mysteries of nucleation and growth in our atmosphere, and it has improved our understanding of human influences on climate. Their most recent publication (Gordon et al. 2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026844) provides their first estimate of the GCR‐CCN connection, and they show that CCN respond too weakly to changes in GCR to yield a significant influence on clouds and climate.