bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RELIABILITY INCREASE IN HIGH-DYNAMIC AXIAL-PISTON HYDROMACHINES
Authors: Воронов Сергей , Voronov Sergey , Гаврилова Вероника , Gavrilova Veronika 
Published: December 2016

At present time there is a trend of specific power increase in axial-piston hydromachines (APHM) that results in increase, volumetric and mechanical losses loads and servicing characteristics decrease. It requires a corresponding reliability increase in hydromachines of this type.
Basic reasons of capacity loss and APHM ser-vicing characteristics decrease are sliding couples: a cylinder block – edge distributor, pistons-cylinders walls.
Nonmetallic antifriction materials used for manufacturing coatings of interacting surfaces in parts are considered most promising for manufacturing coat-ings for operation surfaces in parts of friction units of APHM.
In connection with the evident topicality of the scientific-practical problem of reliability increase in modern high-dynamic APHMs there was offered a procedure of choice of anti-friction materials, their sliding couples and an algorithm of its realization. The procedure is based on the comparison of performance of antifriction materials used with parameters of an operation mode of friction couples and also power loss for friction and material wear intensity.
As basic performances there were assumed maximum contact pressures, temperature and rates of a relative motion of mating surfaces, and as a parameter characterizing material durability, - comparative linear wear intensity.
The realization of a procedure for an axial-piston pump with a sloped disk with the capacity of 15 cm3 allowed justifying a purposefulness of the applica-tion for “pistons-cylinder walls” couples of fluoroplas-tic materials, for the rest of couples – hydro-nitration.
MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS IN ORGANIZATION SYSTEM OF “ENTERPRIZE-COLLEGE”
Authors: Морозова Анна , Morozova Anna 
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this work consists in the presentation of the results in the theoretical generalization of management problems in the organization system of ‘enterprise-college’ and its abovesystem of ‘produc-tion sphere-vocational education’.
In the work there is considered the purpose of a design integration in the form of a strategic partnership of ’enterprise-college’, the analysis of scientific publi-cations on the problems of management updating in different social-economic systems is carried out, the objects and subjects of management in an organization system of ‘production sphere-vocational education’ are defined, the urgency of the problem in young specialist selection for the filling of vacant seats at industrial enterprises of high technology is revealed.
In the course of the investigation there were used the methods of a system analysis, comparisons, target setting and objects modeling.
As a result of the investigation there is formulated a complex multievel problem of management in organization systems of ‘production sphere-vocational education’ and ‘enterprise-college’, a model of a quali-ty cycle in the organization system of ‘production sphere-vocational education’ is formed, a logical struc-ture of the multi-level problem field of management in the organization system of ‘production sphere-vocational education’ in the form of Euler-Venn dia-gram is defined.
EVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY IN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL MANAGEMENT OF SCIENCE CITY
Authors: Барсукова Наталья , Barsukova Natalya , Клюшникова Елена , Klyushnikova Elena 
Published: December 2016

Intellectual capital occupies a significant place among factors of economic development of such regional formations as sciencecities of the Russian Federation.
In the paper there is formulated the author’s definition of intellectual capital of a territory as a category providing income growth both of single man and a science city as a whole and being a source and a basis for economy innovation development.
To achieve management purposes, in authors’ opinion, the concept of an “intellectual capital level” (ICL) is more suitable which combines intellectual capital and the results of its realization. The identification of factors in management effectiveness is carried out with the use of characteristics in population life quality and the correspondence of scientific-industrial-complex indices of a municipal region to the science city status of the Russian Federation.
The decomposition-aggregate method offered for the ICL assessment allows defining efficiently the ICL of a science city revealing problem areas managing in a system way an intellectual capital level increasing a living standard of population and keeping a high status of a ”science city of the RF”.
Participatory plant breeding and organic agriculture: A synergistic model for organic variety development in the United States
Authors: Shelton Adrienne C. , Tracy William F. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Organic farmers require improved varieties that have been adapted to their unique soils, nutrient inputs, management practices, and pest pressures. One way to develop adapted varieties is to situate breeding programs in the environment of intended use, such as directly on organic farms, and in collaboration with organic farmers. This model is a form of participatory plant breeding, and was originally created in order to meet the needs of under-served, small-scale farmers in developing countries. A robust body of literature supports the quantitative genetic selection theory of participatory plant breeding, and helps to explain its increasing prevalence among organic breeding projects in the United States. The history of the organic farming movement in the United States highlights the cultural relevance of engaging organic farmers in the breeding process, complementing the biological rationale for participatory plant breeding. In addition, limited private investment in organic plant breeding encourages the involvement of plant breeders at public institutions. This paper synthesizes the biological, cultural, and economic justifications for utilizing participatory plant breeding as an appropriate methodology for organic cultivar development.
Biomarkers and Coronary Lesions Predict Outcomes after Revascularization in Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Lindholm Daniel , James Stefan K , Bertilsson Maria , Becker Richard C , Cannon Christopher P , Giannitsis Evangelos , Harrington Robert A , Himmelmann Anders , Kontny Frederic , Siegbahn Agneta , Steg Philippe Gabriel , Storey Robert F , Velders Matthijs A , Weaver W Douglas , Wallentin Lars 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Risk stratification in non–ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) is currently mainly based on clinical characteristics. With routine invasive management, angiography findings and biomarkers are available and may improve prognostication. We aimed to assess if adding biomarkers [high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (cTnT-hs), N-terminal probrain-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15)] and extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) might improve prognostication in revascularized patients with NSTE-ACS.

METHODS
In the PLATO (Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes) trial, 5174 NSTE-ACS patients underwent initial angiography and revascularization and had cTnT-hs, NT-proBNP, and GDF-15 measured. Cox models were developed adding extent of CAD and biomarker levels to established clinical risk variables for the composite of cardiovascular death (CVD)/spontaneous myocardial infarction (MI), and CVD alone. Models were compared using c-statistic and net reclassification improvement (NRI).

RESULTS
For the composite end point and CVD, prognostication improved when adding extent of CAD, NT-proBNP, and GDF-15 to clinical variables (c-statistic 0.685 and 0.805, respectively, for full model vs 0.649 and 0.760 for clinical model). cTnT-hs did not contribute to prognostication. In the full model (clinical variables, extent of CAD, all biomarkers), hazard ratios (95% CI) per standard deviation increase were for cTnT-hs 0.93(0.81–1.05), NT-proBNP 1.32(1.13–1.53), GDF-15 1.20(1.07–1.36) for the composite end point, driven by prediction of CVD by NT-proBNP and GDF-15. For spontaneous MI, there was an association with NT-proBNP or GDF-15, but not with cTnT-hs.

CONCLUSIONS
In revascularized patients with NSTE-ACS, the extent of CAD and concentrations of NT-proBNP and GDF-15 independently improve prognostication of CVD/spontaneous MI and CVD alone. This information may be useful for selection of patients who might benefit from more intense and/or prolonged antithrombotic treatment. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00391872
A semiotic analysis of political cartoons in Jordan in light of the Arab Spring
Authors: Al-Momani Kawakib , Badarneh Muhammad A. , Migdadi Fathi 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis paper provides a semiotic analysis of political cartoons published in Jordan prior to and during the 2013 elections. It seeks to depict the sociopolitical context after the 2011 Arab Spring and focuses on the changes to people’s practices and stances toward politics and politicians. The data consist of political cartoons by the Jordanian cartoonist Imad Hajjaj drawn during the parliamentary election campaigns in 2007, 2010, and 2013. This paper argues that the humor generated in cartoons conveys strong messages that require an analysis of the interaction between the different signs in cartoons and their social and ideological implications. A model of analysis derived from Barthes’ perception of denotation and connotation theories is adopted. This model is comprised of three types of messages: linguistic, literal, and symbolic. The analysis identifies different messages in the cartoons before and after 2011. Unlike the cartoons from 2007 to 2010, the linguistic and denoted messages in the cartoons of 2013 connoted a sense of salvation, achievement, victory, freedom, dignity, and democracy, merits that had rarely been highlighted in previous cartoons. This attitude is reflected by themes such as the positive image of the young, public awareness of political and national issues, and resistance towards corruption. The study sheds light on this neglected area of visual communication in the Arab world and hopes to provide new insights into the fields of semiotics, pragmatics, multimodal analysis, and critical discourse analysis.
The need for the disjunction phrases in the legal contract
Authors: Gvura Avi 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The article discusses some questions that rise while referring to the disjunction phrases or, and/or in the Hebrew legal contract. It examines their role and points the linguistic functions they have in this contract, and also checks the necessity of the phrase and/or.
The disjunction phrases or, and/or are very common in legal texts, and possess different functions, some of which are related to logic and semantics, and some that are related to syntax and pragmatics. With the help of pragmatic knowledge of the verbal context, external circumstances, the unique genre and especially the addresser-addressee relations some interpretations can be given to the role of these two disjunction phrases.
The use of the disjunction phrases or, and/or and the linguistic interpretations that are yield at the research, are special and even surprising, but logical. It is noticeable precisely in such a type of discourse which supposed to be most accurate in order to prevent interpretation problems. The person drafting the contract uses the disjunction phrases as a technique to form vagueness or ambiguity in those places where he wants to control the contract’s details and to “leave the key” in his own hands in case the other side wants to interpret the contract in a different way.
Formulation of rights and European legal discourse: any theory behind it?
Authors: Ioriatti Ferrari Elena 
Published: December 2016

AbstractEver since the very beginning of the European Economic Community, the EU has regulated European linguistic diversity through a policy of multilingualism (Art. 217 of the E.C. Treaty and Council Regulation No 1 April 15, 1958). Within this policy, the legislator introduced the right of EU citizens to communicate with the EU institutions in each one of the official languages. The possibility of multilingual communication with the EU institutions is not only a practical solution, but a real “core” right, recognized even in the Lisbon Treaty. In this framework, it is worth providing practical solutions as well as considering whether or not, the European Union is also favoring the enactment of rights at the European level, by formulating, enforcing and even communicating the same rule to all EU citizens, with the aid of a multilingual drafting. The EU legal terminology providing rights comes into being through specific mechanisms of lexical creation, which chiefly consist of coining semantic neologisms. Moreover, all legal texts must be written in accordance with EU drafting guidelines, prescribing that “rules have to be drafted bearing in mind their translation in all the official languages”. The consequence of these drafting techniques is that multilingualism influences not only the translation, but the actual structure and content of the rule: very often the result of this praxis is a pragmatic, detailed, concrete regulation of legal instruments, rather than a system of rights. A clear example is given by the directives on consumer protection – nowadays “Directive on Consumer Rights” – and particularly the well known “right of withdrawal”; a consumer opportunity to withdraw from a contract within seven (now fourteen) days is undeniably a proper “right”. However, the regulation provided in the directives is more focused on the procedure of withdrawal (the instrument) than on the effect of the withdrawal from the contract (the right). In general, the multilingual drafting of EU norms – and consequently of EUrights– is not automatically functional to the effective transposition of rights in the Member States and to the substantive equality of EU citizens before European law. The paper argues that this problem – causing a lack of communication between the EU institutions in charge of the formulation of European rule of law and the citizens – might be approached through different methodologies: linguistic, anthropological, juridical. Particularly in the analysis of the legal language of the EU comparative law science is equipped with methods and instruments which proved to be useful for breaking down the legal discourse of the European Union going beyond its words and highlighting the various “formants” (norms), some of which exist and come to light directly or indirectly as a consequence of the multilingual formulation of EU law.
Deontic meanings in Philippine contracts
Authors: Ballesteros-Lintao Rachelle , Arriero Maria Regina P. , Claustro Judith Ma. Angelica S. , Dichoso Kristina Isabelle U. , Leynes Selenne Anne S. , Aranda Maria Rosario R. , Reintegrado-Celino Jean 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Modality, from the cognitive linguists’ perspective, relates to a “speaker’s assessment of, or attitude towards, the potentiality of a state of affairs” (Radden and Dirven, 2007, p. 233, Cognitive English grammar. USA: John Benjamins Publishing Company). A type of modality that is very much visible in contracts is the deontic modality. A considerable body of literature, various empirical studies and actual Philippine court cases put forward how deontic uses in legal documents such as contracts can bring about issues and confusion leading to comprehension problems. Contract drafting entails a specialized work that a legal drafter must be able to write assessable and comprehensible contracts. This study addressed how contractual modalities are interpreted in the Philippine context and investigated how the most commonly misused modal shall is employed in different Philippine contracts. In examining deontic meanings, this work attempted to address the following questions: 1) What modals/non-modals are employed in expressing the meanings of obligation, permission and prohibition in selected Philippine contracts? 2) How is the modal shall utilized in the given contracts? Matulewska’s (2010, Deontic modality and modals in the language of contracts. Comparative Legilinguistics 75–92) work on the three deontic meanings of obligation, permission and prohibition and Stark’s (2007, Drafting contracts – How and why lawyers do what they do. USA: Aspen Publishers) construct on the correct usage of shall in contracts served as frameworks of this study. Results reveal the concurrence or likeness in the use of modals of these contracts vis-a-vis the local codified laws and in a number of contracts in other countries (Bondi and Diani, 2010. Conveying deontic values in English and Italian contracts: A cross-cultural analysis. ESP Across Cultures 7. Retrieved from http://edipuglia.it/wp-content/uploads/ESP%202010/Bondi-Diani.pdf). More importantly, two central findings of this study have uncovered the differences on the rules and at the same time the overwhelming number of incorrect shall uses, resulting in misunderstanding of the contracts, as reflected in a number of Philippine legal cases filed in court.
Genetic engineering of mesenchymal stromal cells for cancer therapy: turning partners in crime into Trojan horses
Authors: Niess Hanno , Thomas Michael N. , Schiergens Tobias S. , Kleespies Axel , Jauch Karl-Walter , Bruns Christiane , Werner Jens , Nelson Peter J. , Angele Martin K. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are adult progenitor cells with a high migratory and differentiation potential, which influence a broad range of biological functions in almost every tissue of the body. Among other mechanisms, MSCs do so by the secretion of molecular cues, differentiation toward more specialized cell types, or influence on the immune system. Expanding tumors also depend on the contribution of MSCs to building a supporting stroma, but the effects of MSCs appear to go beyond the mere supply of connective tissues. MSCs show targeted “homing” toward growing tumors, which is then followed by exerting direct and indirect effects on cancer cells. Several research groups have developed novel strategies that make use of the tumor tropism of MSCs by engineering them to express a transgene that enables an attack on cancer growth. This review aims to familiarize the reader with the current knowledge about MSC biology, the existing evidence for MSC contribution to tumor growth with its underlying mechanisms, and the strategies that have been developed using MSCs to deploy an anticancer therapy.
Conventional and/or laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery: what is the current evidence?
Authors: Mik Michal , Dziki Lukasz , Dziki Adam 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDespite many years of experience with laparoscopic procedures in rectal cancer, the superiority of minimally invasive approaches has been questioned especially in recent years. This article is a short review of the current knowledge about laparoscopic approaches in comparison to conventional modalities in patients with rectal cancer. To present the current state of the knowledge, we focused on reports that were published in the last few years and compared them to multicenter trials and meta-analyses published last year. Our analysis mainly applied to the primary end-points of these trials. We also included expert opinions that have been published in the last several months.
New approaches in esophageal carcinomas
Authors: Hölscher Arnulf H. , Babic Benjamin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractNew approaches in the treatment of esophageal cancer comprise endoscopy with refinements of esophagoscopic intraluminal resection by endoscopic submucosal dissection. Radical open surgery is more and more replaced by minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIO), especially in the hybrid technique with laparoscopic gastrolysis and transthoracic esophageal resection and gastric pull-up. Total MIO also in the robotic technique has not yet shown that it produces superior results than the hybrid technique. Fluorescent dye can improve the intraoperative visualization of the vascularization of the gastric conduit. The individualization of neoadjuvant therapy is the magic word in clinical research of multimodal treatment of esophageal cancer. This means response prediction based on molecular markers or clinical response evaluation. The documentation of the diversity of postoperative complications is now standardized by an international consensus. The value of enhanced recovery after surgery is not yet approved compared to conventional management.
Thoracic combined spinal-epidural anesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in an obese patient with asthma and multiple drug allergies: a case report
Authors: Daszkiewicz Andrzej , Copik Maja , Misiolek Hanna 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDrug allergies, asthma, and obesity are more common in modern societies, and patients with these problems are often a challenge for anesthetists. Different techniques of regional anesthesia can be beneficial particularly for this group of patients. We present a patient who suffered from all of the above-mentioned conditions and successfully underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy under thoracic combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. It is still not a popular practice, and we would like to show another indication for using it.
Simple Models for the Control of Photo-Fenton by Monitoring H2O2
Authors: Bacardit Jordi , Oller Isabel , Maldonado Manuel I. , Chamarro Esther , Malato Sixto , Esplugas Santiago 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIt has been demonstrated that Photo-Fenton process is feasible for the remediation of wastewater containing multiple organic pollutants. In order to promote its industrialization, control strategies have to be defined and tested. The objective of the present work is to describe a mathematical equation that fits the amount of COD abated regarding the dose of H
Parametric Survey for Efficient DeNOx by Direct Decomposition of NO Using an Intermittent DBD Generated by a One-Cycle Sinusoidal Power Source
Authors: Yukimura Ken , Murakami Hiroshi , Itoh Masayuki 
Published: December 2016

AbstractNO gas is directly decomposed using an intermittent DBD plasma generated by a one cycle sinusoidal power source. Previously, we have developed an ammonia radical injection system, where ammonia radicals were produced by a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in a chamber, called a radical injector, which is separate from the chamber in which NO gas flows. The radicals are injected into the mixing zone in the NO gas flow field to decompose NO gas. The power source for generating the DBD is a one-cycle sinusoidal (OCS) waveform so as to easily control the electrical power consumed in the DBD plasma. The fundamental frequency of the OCS power source is 150 kHz. In this paper, we used the same power source, but NO was decomposed directly by the plasma; that is, NO gas is in the DBD plasma. NO gas was varied from room temperature to approximately 400 C, where the effect of DeNOx characteristics were discussed. By optimizing parameters for DeNOx, an energy efficiency of 100 g/kWh was obtained.