bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the finite‐time capture of a fast moving target
Authors: Bakolas Efstathios 
Published: November 2016

SummaryIn this work, we propose a feedback control law that enforces capture of a moving target by a slower pursuer in finite time. It is well known that if this problem is cast as a pursuit‐evasion differential game, then the moving target can always avoid capture by taking advantage of its speed superiority, provided that both the target and the pursuer are employing feedback strategies in the sense of Isaacs. Thus, in order to have a well‐posed pursuit problem, additional assumptions are required so that the pursuer can enforce capture of the faster target in finite time provided that it emanates from a set of ‘favorable’ initial positions, which constitute its winning set. In particular, we assume that the target's velocity either is constant and perfectly known to the pursuer (perfect information case) or can be decomposed into a dominant component, which is constant and known to the pursuer, and a second component that is uncertain and unknown to the pursuer (imperfect information case). It turns out that in both cases, the winning sets of the pursuer are pointed convex cones which have a common apex and a common axis of symmetry but different opening angles. We subsequently propose continuous feedback laws that enforce finite‐time capture while the pursuer never exits its winning set before capture takes place, for both cases. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pediatric 8p11 eosinophilic myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS): A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Sarthy Jay F. , Reddivalla Naresh , Radhi Mohamed , Chastain Katherine 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe 8p11 eosinophilic myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS) is an aggressive neoplasm driven by translocation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 and often transforms to leukemias and lymphomas that are refractory to treatment. The first case was identified in 1983, and to date over 70 cases have been reported in the literature. Despite those reports, no consensus exists on management of this condition, and inconsistency in treatment regimens is even more pronounced in the pediatric literature. We report a case of a male infant with the 8p11 EMS, review the published pediatric experience with EMS, and discuss treatment strategies for this enigmatic hematological disorder.
Measuring pediatric hematology–oncology fellows’ skills in humanism and professionalism: A novel assessment instrument
Authors: Kesselheim Jennifer C. , Agrawal Anurag K. , Bhatia Nita , Cronin Angel , Jubran Rima , Kent Paul , Kersun Leslie , Rao Amulya Nageswara , Rose Melissa , Savelli Stephanie , Sharma Mukta , Shereck Evan , Twist Clare J. , Wang Michael 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundEducators in pediatric hematology–oncology lack rigorously developed instruments to assess fellows’ skills in humanism and professionalism.ProcedureWe developed a novel 15‐item self‐assessment instrument to address this gap in fellowship training. Fellows (N = 122) were asked to assess their skills in five domains: balancing competing demands of fellowship, caring for the dying patient, confronting depression and burnout, responding to challenging relationships with patients, and practicing humanistic medicine. An expert focus group predefined threshold scores on the instrument that could be used as a cutoff to identify fellows who need support. Reliability and feasibility were assessed and concurrent validity was measured using three established instruments: Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Flourishing Scale (FS), and Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE).ResultsFor 90 participating fellows (74%), the self‐assessment proved feasible to administer and had high internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.81). It was moderately correlated with the FS and MBI (Pearson's r = 0.41 and 0.4, respectively) and weakly correlated with the JSPE (Pearson's r = 0.15). Twenty‐eight fellows (31%) were identified as needing support. The self‐assessment had a sensitivity of 50% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 31–69) and a specificity of 77% (95% CI: 65–87) for identifying fellows who scored poorly on at least one of the three established scales.ConclusionsWe developed a novel assessment instrument for use in pediatric fellowship training. The new scale proved feasible and demonstrated internal consistency reliability. Its moderate correlation with other established instruments shows that the novel assessment instrument provides unique, nonredundant information as compared to existing scales.
Multifunctional sensors based on silicone hydrogel and their responses to solvents, pH and solution composition
Authors: Zhao Zheng‐Bai , Li Hui , Lu Qu‐Liang , Li Yan‐Li , Jiang Yong 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this paper, multicomponent silicone hydrogels were prepared by the copolymerization of the hydrophobic silicon‐containing monomer bis(trimethylsilyloxy) methylsilylpropyl glycerol methacrylate with two hydrophilic monomers 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate and N‐vinyl pyrrolidone. The response of the silicone hydrogels to different stimuli was evaluated by observing the swelling ratios of the hydrogels. The results show that the hydrogels display different responses to variations in pH and solvent. Multifunctional sensors were then prepared based on the silicone hydrogels to detect the pH value of solutions, the types of solvent and the ethanol percentage in water. The results could be obtained by visual inspection and the sensors were reusable. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Odd‐even effect during layer‐by‐layer assembly of polyelectrolytes inspired by marine mussel
Authors: Wang Weina , Xu Yisheng , Han Haoya , Micciulla Samantha , Backes Sebastian , Li Ang , Xu Jun , Shen Weihua , von Klitzing Regine , Guo Xuhong 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTBiomimetic polyelectrolyte of Dopa modified poly(acrylic acid) (PAADopa) was synthesized taking advantage of Dopa, the major unit of marine adhesive proteins. Zinc crosslinked PAADopa (PAADopa‐Zn) were formed at acidic pH for more compact structure and assembled with the positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI) to build robust polyelectrolyte multilayers at high salt concentration. Effects of pH, crosslinking degree, and salt concentration on polymer structure, film building process, and morphology were investigated, respectively. An “odd‐even” effect was observed by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation and AFM in the presence of zinc ion, which becomes more obvious with an optimum crosslinking degree (Zn/Dopa = 2.0) under high salt concentration (0.6 M NaCl). It indicates the different swollen properties of PEI chain and PAADopa‐Zn complexes during the layer‐by‐layer building process under optimum crosslinking degree of PAADopa‐Zn at high salt concentration. Such odd‐even phenomenon of the biocompatible system is of critical importance for understanding the mechanism of layer formation and film structures. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 245–255
Optical generation of electron–hole pairs in phosphor and boron co‐doped Si nanocrystals in SiO2
Authors: Chung Nguyen Xuan , Limpens Rens , Lesage Arnon , Fujii Minoru , Gregorkiewicz Tom 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe investigated experimentally optical generation of electron–hole pairs in layers of silicon nanocrystals co‐doped with phosphor and boron, dispersed in a solid‐state matrix of silicon dioxide. The study was performed at room temperature. From the red‐shift of the photoluminescence spectrum and the enhanced absorption at low energies appearing upon doping, the formation of additional levels inside the bandgap has been confirmed. By comparing the transient induced absorption at two excitation energies, below and well above twice the emission energy, the evidence of carrier multiplication in co‐doped silicon nanocrystals has been obtained for the first time.Effect of doping on optical characteristics of silicon nanocrystals
In Celebration of Virginia Olesen's Uncanny Sociological Eye
Authors: Clarke Adele E. , Ruzek Sheryl Burt 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTSymbolic interactionism dwells deep in the intellectual bones of Ginnie Olesen, manifest in sundry ways across a long and ambitious academic career. Here, we briefly sketch her background and then trace her scholarship featuring her interactionist and feminist contributions in four main areas: professional socialization, women, health and healing studies, qualitative methods/feminist methodologies, and the sociology of emotions/interactionist social psychology of illness. We conclude with cherished memories.
Impact of aspirin on trophoblastic invasion in women with abnormal uterine artery Doppler at 11–14 weeks: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Scazzocchio E. , Oros D. , Diaz D. , Ramirez J. C. , Ricart M. , Meler E. , González de Agüero R. , Gratacos E. , Figueras F. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveDefective trophoblastic invasion is a key feature in many cases of pre‐eclampsia (PE). Uterine artery (UtA) Doppler is a validated non‐invasive proxy for trophoblastic invasion. The aim of this study was to explore whether low‐dose aspirin, administered from the first trimester, improves trophoblastic invasion, evaluated by UtA Doppler during the second and third trimesters in women defined as high risk by abnormal first‐trimester UtA Doppler.MethodsThis randomized Phase‐II study had a triple‐blind, parallel‐arm, controlled design. Singleton pregnancies with abnormal mean UtA Doppler at 11–14 weeks and absence of other major risk factors for PE received 150 mg extended‐release aspirin or identical‐appearing placebo tablets from study inclusion to 28 weeks. Main outcome measure was UtA pulsatility index (PI) at 28 weeks' gestation. Secondary outcomes included frequency of development of PE and growth restriction/small‐for‐gestational age (SGA).ResultsA total of 155 women completed the follow‐up and were analyzed. No difference in mean UtA-PI was found between women in the aspirin and placebo groups at 28 weeks (mean UtA‐PI Z‐score (mean ± SD), 0.99 ± 1.48 vs 0.85 ± 1.25; P = 0.52). Seven women developed PE: four (5%) in the aspirin group and three (4%) in the placebo group. There was a trend toward lower incidence of SGA in the aspirin group (8.8% vs 17.3%; P = 0.11).ConclusionIn women with defective trophoblastic invasion, as reflected by abnormal UtA Doppler, low‐dose aspirin started in the first trimester does not have a significant effect on UtA impedance as pregnancy progresses; however, the study was underpowered to detect potential small effects . Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Parental knowledge and adolescents' risk behaviors
Authors: Albertos Aranzazu , Osorio Alfonso , Lopez‐del Burgo Cristina , Carlos Silvia , Beltramo Carlos , Trullols Fernando 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTIn this paper we study whether parental knowledge of adolescents' activities varies according to socio‐demographic variables, and we analyze the possible association between parental knowledge patterns and certain risk behaviors among adolescents. A cross‐sectional study was performed with representative samples of high‐school students in Peru and El Salvador. A questionnaire assessed risk behaviors, as well as possible determinants, including parental knowledge. The questionnaire was answered by 6208 adolescents. We observed that the greater the degree of knowledge, the lower the frequency of risk behaviors among youth. The degree of knowledge was inversely associated with children's age, and we observed that being female was associated with a greater degree of parental knowledge. The study shows that parents' supervision criteria might be influenced by gender stereotypes, which would have a harmful effect on young males, as the lower degree of knowledge puts them at higher odds of risk behaviors.
SAR110894, a potent histamine H3‐receptor antagonist, displays disease‐modifying activity in a transgenic mouse model of tauopathy
Authors: Delay‐Goyet Philippe , Blanchard Véronique , Schussler Nathalie , Lopez‐Grancha Mati , Ménager Jean , Mary Véronique , Sultan Eric , Buzy Armelle , Guillemot Jean‐Claude , Stemmelin Jeanne , Bertrand Philippe , Rooney Thomas , Pradier Laurent , Barnéoud Pascal 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIntroductionTau hyperphosphorylation and neurofibrillary tangles are histopathologic hallmarks of tauopathies. Histamine H3‐receptor antagonists have been proposed to reduce tau hyperphosphorylation in preclinical models.MethodsWe evaluated the ability of SAR110894, a selective histamine H3‐receptor antagonist, to inhibit tau pathology and prevent cognitive deficits in a tau transgenic mouse model (THY‐Tau22).ResultsSAR110894 treatment for 6 months (but not 2 weeks) in THY‐Tau22 mice decreased both tau hyperphosphorylation at pSer396‐pSer404 (AD2 signal) in the hippocampus and the number of AT8 (pSer199/202‐Thr205) positive cells in the cortex and decreased the formation of neurofibrillary tangles in the cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala. Macrophage inflammatory protein 1‐alpha messenger RNA expression was decreased in the hippocampus. SAR110894 also prevented episodic memory deficits, and this effect was still detected after treatment washout.DiscussionLong‐term SAR110894 treatment could have potential disease modifying activity in neurodegenerative tauopathies.
Dull Brains and Frozen Feet: A Historical Essay on Cold
Authors: Lankford Harvey V. 
Published: November 2016

This essay will review historical and medical aspects of cold exposure, hypothermia, and frostbite during the Napoleonic era. The 19th century writings of Dominique Jean Larrey, Pierre Jean Moricheau-Beaupré, and others are used to provide an evocative supporting narrative to illustrate some of the cold illnesses, physiology, and theory of both an earlier era and the present time. Medical care for over a century followed the how but not the why of treating frostbite and hypothermia slowly with snow or cold water rather than heat. There were 2 main reasons: First was a practical attempt to limit gangrene. Less known, and long forgotten, is a major rationale based on the erroneous theory of heat called “the caloric.” Because of these 2 reasons, the slow method of “cold warming” remained standard medical practice well into the 20th century. Although these recommendations are now known to be flawed, some of the reasons behind them will be discussed, along with early but correct observations on afterdrop and circumrescue collapse. There is a long backstory of treatment from 1812 to the present.
The Maui's Dolphin Challenge: Lessons From a School-Based Litter Reduction Project
Authors: Townrow Carly S. , Laurence Nick , Blythe Charlotte , Long Jenny , Harré Niki 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe Maui's Dolphin Challenge was a litter reduction project that was run twice at a secondary school in Aotearoa New Zealand. The project drew on a theoretical framework encompassing four psycho-social principles: values, embodied learning, efficacy, and perceived social norms. It challenged students to reduce the litter at the school by offering to donate $200 a week for 3 weeks to help protect the endangered Maui's dolphin. However, for every piece of litter found, $1 would come off this total. The challenge was accompanied by feedback on progress, posters, assemblies, and videos. Both times it was run, litter dropped by approximately half. After the first iteration, a survey found that students (n= 275 surveys) appeared motivated not to litter primarily due to a desire to care for the Maui's dolphin. Interviews and a focus group with staff and students (n= 14) after the second iteration also found the dolphins were important, but there was a cultural norm against picking up litter. The limitations of the project, its impact on the school's sustainability culture, and implications for other whole-school environmental projects, especially those with a waste focus, are discussed.
A comparative assessment of vibration control capabilities of a L-shaped Gurney flap
Authors: Motta V. , Quaranta G. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTThis work presents the capabilities of a novel L-shaped trailing-edge Gurney flap as a device for vibration reduction. The primary effect of this L-tab is represented by a modification of the reference aerofoil mean line shape through by two counter-rotating vortical structures created at the trailing edge. The comparison of the aerodynamic loads generated by the novel L-tab Gurney flap and a classical trailing-edge flap allows to estimate the ranges of reduced frequency where the L-tab is expected to perform better than a trailing edge flap and vice versa. Linear aerostructural models for a typical section representative of a helicopter blade equipped with a partial-span L-tab or a trailing-edge flap are built, and a higher harmonic control algorithm is applied. Performance are compared between the two devices to reduce separately theN/rev harmonics of the blade root rotating frame vertical force, flapping and feathering moments. The attainment of similar results with classical trailing-edge device is a further confirmation of the potential feasibility of this novel L-tab as an effective alternative means for vibration reduction on rotor blades.
Gold deposits of Suriname: geological context, production and economic significance
Authors: Kioe-A-Sen Nicole M. E. , van Bergen Manfred J. , Wong Theo E. , Kroonenberg Salomon B. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractGold has been a major economic asset for Suriname for more than a century. The long history of gold mining, concentrated in large parts of a greenstone belt in the northeast of the country, began with small-scale artisanal extraction activities and has recently seen the development of major open-pit operations. Despite the range of mining activities, Suriname's gold deposits and occurrences are under-explored from a scientific point of view. Primary gold mineralisations in the greenstone belt occur in multiple forms, and although their origin is commonly related to the Palaeoproterozoic Trans-Amazonian orogeny, the controls of ore formation in specific cases often remain obscure. This contribution presents an abridged overview of currently available information on the geological setting and characteristics for some of the main deposits where gold is extracted. In view of the consistent link between gold metallogeny and granitoid–greenstone belts in the northern Guiana Shield, the mineralised settings in Suriname are discussed in a regional context.
Ancient origin and recent range expansion of the maize weevilSitophilus zeamais, and its genealogical relationship to the rice weevilS. oryzae
Authors: Corrêa A.S. , Vinson C.C. , Braga L.S. , Guedes R.N.C. , de Oliveira L.O. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractArcheological records attest the early association ofSitophiluswith stored cereals from the beginning of agriculture on Asia. The maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) became particularly damaging to maize, a cereal crop domesticated on Mesoamerica. We investigated the late evolutionary history of the maize weevil to gain insights on its origin, timing of association with maize, and genealogical relationship to the almost morphologically indistinguishable rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae). Two mitochondrial genes (cytochrome oxidase subunit I and cytochrome oxidase subunit II) and the nuclear ribosomal gene region were partially sequenced. Analyses showed that the maize weevil shared no haplotypes with the rice weevil; instead, each species exhibited distinct mitogroups and ribogroups. The two weevil species likely split about 8.7 million years ago (95% highest posterior density: 4.0–15.0). Microsatellite data analyses sorted the 309 specimens from 15 populations of the maize weevil into three genotypic groups, which displayed low genetic differentiation and widespread occurrence worldwide. The maize weevil and the rice weevil are each a distinct species; both of which emerged prior to the onset of agriculture. The maize–maize weevil association took place after maize became widespread as a global crop. The maize weevil populations lack spatial genetic structure at the regional, continental, and intercontinental scales.
Identification and characterization of two faba bean (Vicia faba L.) WRKY transcription factors and their expression analysis during salt and drought stress
Authors: ABID G. , MUHOVSKI Y. , MINGEOT D. , SAIDI M. N. , AOUIDA M. , AROUA I. , M'HAMDI M. , BARHOUMI F. , REZGUI S. , JEBARA M. 
Published: November 2016

SUMMARYDrought and salinity are two major environmental factors limiting faba bean growth, leading to considerable reduction in their productivity. The WRKY gene family act as major transcription factors that might play an important role in abiotic stress tolerance. In the present study, two partial sequences sharing significant homology with known WRKY genes were isolated from faba bean by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using degenerate primers targeting the well-conserved WRKY domain. The isolated WRKY gene fragments were designated as VfWRKY1 and VfWRKY2 showing 62% similarity between them. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses revealed that VfWRKY1 and VfWRKY2 belong to WRKY group I and could be grouped with their orthologues from other plant species. The gene expression profile of VfWRKY1 and VfWRKY2 in faba bean showed that they are significantly accumulated in various plant organs. Further, quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that both transcripts were responsive to drought and salt stress, and also they are genotype dependent, meaning that different faba bean cultivars respond in a different way to drought and salt challenge. The expression patterns obtained suggest the important roles of VfWRKY1 and VfWRKY2 in drought and salt stress response and tolerance. This knowledge might be helpful in the identification of drought-tolerant cultivars and provide potential candidate markers for faba bean breeding in order to develop osmotic-stress-tolerant cultivars.
Validation of droplet digital PCR for the detection and absolute quantification of Borrelia DNA in Ixodes scapularis ticks
Authors: KING JENNY L. , SMITH ASHLEY D. , MITCHELL ELIZABETH A. , ALLEN MICHAEL S. 
Published: November 2016

SUMMARYWe evaluated the QX200 Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR™, Bio-Rad) system and protocols for the detection of the tick-borne pathogens Borrelia burgdorferi and Borrelia miyamotoi in Ixodes scapularis nymphs and adults collected from North Truro, Massachusetts. Preliminary screening by nested PCR determined positive infection levels of 60% for B. burgdorferi in these ticks. To investigate the utility of ddPCR as a screening tool and to calculate the absolute number of bacterial genome copies in an infected tick, we adapted previously reported TaqMan®-based qPCR assays for ddPCR. ddPCR proved to be a reliable means for detection and absolute quantification of control bacterial DNA with precision as low as ten spirochetes in an individual sample. Application of this method revealed the average carriage level of B. burgdorferi in infected I. scapularis nymphs to be 2291 spirochetes per nymph (range: 230–5268 spirochetes) and 51 179 spirochetes on average in infected adults (range: 5647–115 797). No ticks naturally infected with B. miyamotoi were detected. The ddPCR protocols were at least as sensitive to conventional qPCR assays but required fewer overall reactions and are potentially less subject to inhibition. Moreover, the approach can provide insight on carriage levels of parasites within vectors.