bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-vitro efficacy of Er:YAG laser-activated irrigation versus photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) irrigation for smear layer removal: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study
Authors: Abaza Muhammad , Harhash Tarek 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
to microscopically examine the effect of Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers agitation techniques on smear layer removing-capacity of NaOCl intracanal at the apical, middle, and coronal regions of root canal walls.
Methods
Eighteen freshly extracted human single-canal anterior dentitions were chosen for this study. After the root canals mechanically prepared to size X4, 0.06 taper byrotary files of ProTaper Next® system, they were randomly categorized into three equal groups (6 teeth each); syringe/needle- and Er,:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG laser-activated groups. Lasers were operated at subablative level. For microscopic assessment, samples were longitudinally hemi-sectioned. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were utilized to statistically analyze the collected data.
Results
Laser-activated groups presented significant lower smear layer score values than that of syringe/needle activated group.
Conclusion
Erbium laser-activated irrigation technique has a favorable impact on agitation NaOCl root canal irrigant enhancing the cleaning procedure of root canal system.
Relationship between preoperative hypoalbuminemia combined with anemia and perioperative blood transfusion in total joint arthroplasty patients: A propensity score matching study
Authors: Li Ting , Xiong Xiaojuan , Xu Shenglian , Hu Peng , Yu Shuang , Mao Qingxiang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
To explore the relationship between hypoalbuminemia combined with anemia in total joint arthroplasty (TJA) patients.
Methods
A total of 2460 TJA patients were included, with 586 patients receiving blood transfusions. Propensity score matching (PSM) at a 1:4 ratio was conducted for the perioperative blood transfusion group and nontransfusion group using a caliper value of 0.1. After matching, binary logistic regression analyzed the data from both groups, calculating adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the correlation between preoperative anemia, low albumin levels, and blood transfusion during TJA. Additionally, linear regression analysis was conducted on preoperative hemoglobin (Hb) and albumin levels.
Results
After PSM, 2233 patients were enrolled, 546 patients in the transfusion group and 1687 patients in the nontransfusion group. After PSM, patients with preoperative anemia had a 3.45-fold higher risk of perioperative blood transfusion (95% CI 2.81–4.2, P < 0.001); those with preoperative hypoalbuminemia faced a 2.36-fold increased risk (95% CI 1.88–2.95, P < 0.001), while patients with preoperative hypoalbuminemia combined with anemia experienced a 4.11-fold higher risk (95% CI 3.15–5.36, P < 0.001). Preoperative hypoalbuminemia was correlated with a 3.77-fold increased incidence of preoperative anemia (95% CI (3.03–4.70), P < 0.001). Hemoglobin changes were moderately correlated with serum albumin concentrations, with a correlation coefficient of 40.6%. Hb (g/L) = 60.144 + albumin * 1.747.
Conclusion
We revealed that that the likelihood of perioperative blood transfusion significantly rises when preoperative anemia is accompanied by hypoalbuminemia in TJA patients. There was a strong association between preoperative anemia and preoperative hypoalbuminemia in TJA patients. Furthermore, a moderate correlation was observed between preoperative Hb levels and serum albumin levels in TJA patients.
Registry:
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; Trial registration: ChiCRT2100054844
Pelvic Floor Muscle Dysfunction is associated with higher clinical symptoms but not bladder condition in Women with Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome
Authors: Yu Wan-Ru , Jhang Jia-Fong , Jiang Yuan-Hong , Kuo Hann-Chorng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a heterogeneous multifactorial disease that is highly associated with somatic symptoms. Pelvic floor muscle pain (PFMP) is experienced by a certain percentage of women with IC/BPS. This study explored the relationship between PFMP, urinary biomarkers, and bladder condition in women with IC/BPS.
Method: This study prospectively enrolled IC/BPS patients, performing vaginal digital exams and Numerical rating scales (NRS) for PFMP severity. Demographics, IC symptom index (ICSI), IC problem index (ICPI), and Beck anxiety and depression inventory were assessed. The objective assessment items included computed tomography of the bladder, urodynamic parameters, maximum bladder capacity, glomerulation grade, urine inflammatory proteins, and oxidative stress biomarkers.
Result: Of 92 IC/BPS women, 85.8% PFMP exhibited significantly higher rates of dyspareunia (p = 0.005), greater comorbidity burden (p = 0.039), more pain-predominant phenotypes (p = 0.004), lack of sexual activity (p < 0.001), and elevated scores in IC symptom indices (ICSI, p = 0.003; ICPI, p < 0.001), along with increased levels of the urine biomarker MIP-1β. However, PFMP showed no significant correlation with bladder conditions.
Conclusion: PFMP was not directly associated with bladder conditions in women with IC/BPS; however, it significantly influenced the self-reported severity of IC symptoms. This finding underscores the importance of addressing PFMP in the comprehensive management of IC/BPS and highlights the necessity for synchronized multimodal treatments to effectively alleviate the overall symptom burden and perceived severity in patients with IC/BPS.
Predictive Modeling Study on the Critical Nitrogen Concentration and Nitrogen Accumulation in Cut Chrysanthemum Based on the Cumulative Photo-Thermal Effect
Authors: Liu Huahao , Wu Yin , Lu Jinshan , Gou Tingyu , Zhao Shuang , Chen Fadi , Chen Sumei , Fang Weimin , Guan Zhiyong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background and aims
Critical nitrogen (N) concentration (Nc) and critical accumulation (Na) are essential for N status diagnosis and precise N fertilization in crops. However, efficient prediction models for Nc and Na in cut Chrysanthemum remains scarce, limiting precision N management.
Methods
Five experiments with varying N gradients were conducted from May 2021 to August 2022 using the ‘Nannong Xiaojinxing’ cultivar. We developed and validated dry matter prediction models with various growth and developmental driver variables, established Nc and Na models using dry matter as model driving variable, and created Nc and Na models using optimal driving variable identified from dry matter predictions.
Results
Among the dry matter prediction models for cut Chrysanthemum, the model incorporating cumulative photo-thermal effect (PTE) demonstrated superior accuracy and stability. We established the Nc and Na models using dry matter as the driving variable. When the above-ground dry matter was 1 g·plant− 1, the Nc and Na were 4.5295% and 45.30 mg·plant− 1, respectively. At the flower picking stage, the Na reached 236.50 mg·plant− 1. The PTE-driven Nc and Na prediction models demonstrated high accuracy, with R2 at 0.9687 and 1.0019, RMSEs at 0.2105% and 17.47 mg·plant− 1, and n-RMSEs at 7.31% and 12.72%, respectively.
Conclusions
These models can dynamically predict Nc and Na based on light and temperature factors, providing a scientific basis for efficient N diagnostics and precise N fertilizer management for cut chrysanthemum. Moreover, the methodology developed herein could be extrapolated to other crops, contributing to sustainable agriculture and mitigating excessive N fertilizer application.
Study on Working Mechanism and Control Method of New Magnetic Suspension Gripper
Authors: Zhu Li , Wu Xiaoguang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The mechanical torsion gripper has widely been used in existing gripper looms which have difficulties in weaving ultra-wide fabrics. The mechanical gripper system generates mechanical impact and friction, limits weft insertion speed, and consumes high energy. This paper introduces a novel high-speed ”frictionless transmission” magnetic method that directly drives gripper continuously through the width of fabric. The basic principle of the magnetic levitation gripper is presented and the dynamics of the gripper model, based on the system magnetic-mechanics analysis is analyzed. For numerical simulation, the revision method is used to solve the original system’s stable state, which includes information about the new magnetic suspension gripper, electronic coil array and controller. A lag-leading revision method is proposed to improve the weft insertion performance and deal with the adverse effects from hysteresis nonlinearity and external disturbance. Several experiments have been conducted to evaluate the tracking performance and contour accuracy of the proposed approach
BDNF augmentation reverses cranial radiation therapy-induced cognitive decline and neurodegenerative consequences
Authors: El-Khatib Sanad M. , Vadadia Arya R. , Le Anh C. D. , Ng Ding Quan , Baulch Janet E. , Du Mingyu , Tan Zhiqun , Xu Xiangmin , Chan Alexandre , Acharya Munjal M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Cranial radiation therapy (RT) for brain cancers is often associated with the development of radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction (RICD). RICD significantly impacts the quality of life for cancer survivors, highlighting an unmet medical need. Previous human studies revealed a marked reduction in plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) post-chronic chemotherapy, linking this decline to a substantial cognitive dysfunction among cancer survivors. Moreover, riluzole (RZ)-mediated increased BDNF in vivo in the chemotherapy-exposed mice reversed cognitive decline. RZ is an FDA-approved medication for ALS known to increase BDNF in vivo. In an effort to mitigate the detrimental effects of RT-induced BDNF decline in RICD, we tested the efficacy of RZ in a cranially irradiated (9 Gy) adult mouse model. Notably, RT-exposed mice exhibited significantly reduced hippocampal BDNF, accompanied by increased neuroinflammation, loss of neuronal plasticity-related immediate early gene product, cFos, and synaptic density. Spatial transcriptomic profiling comparing the RT+Veh with the RT+RZ group showed gene expression signatures of neuroprotection of hippocampal excitatory neurons post-RZ. RT-exposed mice performed poorly on learning and memory, and memory consolidation tasks. However, irradiated mice receiving RZ (13 mg/kg, drinking water) for 6-7 weeks showed a significant improvement in cognitive function compared to RT-exposed mice receiving vehicle. Dual-immunofluorescence staining, spatial transcriptomics, and biochemical assessment of RZ-treated irradiated brains demonstrated preservation of synaptic integrity and neuronal plasticity but not neurogenesis and reduced neuroinflammation concurrent with elevated BDNF levels and transcripts compared to vehicle-treated irradiated brains. In summary, oral administration of RZ represents a viable and translationally feasible neuroprotective approach against RICD.
Implementation Guidelines and Innovations in Quantum LSTM Networks
Authors: Zhou Yifan , Xu Chong Cheng , Song Mingi , Wong Yew Kee 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence has driven interest in Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks for their effectiveness in processing sequential data. However, traditional LSTMs are limited by issues such as the vanishing gradient problem and high computational demands. Quantum computing offers a potential solution to these challenges, promising advancements in computational efficiency through the unique properties of qubits, such as superposition and entanglement. This paper presents a theoretical analysis and an implementation plan for a Quantum LSTM (qLSTM) model, which seeks to integrate quantum computing principles with traditional LSTM networks. While the proposed model aims to address the limitations of classical LSTMs, this study focuses primarily on the theoretical aspects and the implementation framework. The actual architecture and its practical effectiveness in enhancing sequential data processing remain to be developed and demonstrated in future work.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis Among Homeless People Living in Selected Towns in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Kenu Sisaynesh , Teklu Takele , Solomon Fithamlak , Alemu Getachew 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is known to be a disease associated with underprivileged social conditions such as poverty, malnutrition, and overcrowding. Homeless individuals are at a higher risk of contracting TB due to factors such as drug and alcohol abuse, smoking, and hunger. Recognizing this risk, the World Health Organization recommends TB screening in these vulnerable populations. As a result, this study aims to evaluate the prevalence of TB and its associated factors among homeless people living in Wolaita Zone Towns.
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 352 homeless individuals with presumed TB from May 1 to July 30, 2023. Data was collected using pre-tested structured questionnaires. The symptom was assessed using WHO guidelines. Sputum samples were screened for TB using GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay technique, with confirmation via the Lowenstein-Jensen(LJ) culture method. The data was analyzed using statistical software packages (SPSS) version 26. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with TB and a P-value of less than 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant.
Results: The prevalence of bacteriological confirmed TB among homeless individuals was 7.7% [95% CI: 4.8– 10.5] and RR-TB was not detected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that smoking cigarettes[AOR =7.673, 95% CI: 1.622,36.303], smoking benzene[AOR =8.348, 95% CI: 2.061,33.813], chewing tobacco [AOR =4.138, 95% CI: 1.249,13.709], duration of being homeless[AOR =6.749, 95% CI: 1.914, 23.797], taking any medication currently [AOR =4.686, 95% CI:1.216,18.064], BMI [AOR =5.328, 95% CI: 1.663,17.070] and having HIV infection [AOR =5.234, 95% CI: 1.558, 17.585] were significantly associated with the prevalence of PTB in homeless peoples.
Conclusions: This study indicates a higher prevalence of PTB in homeless individuals compared to the general population. It is strongly recommended to implement targeted TB preventive and control measures and actively monitor for the diseases within those vulnerable population.
Mechanism of Glycine-Based Inhibitors for Natural Gas Hydrate Formation
Authors: Li Zongkun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Variations in temperature and pressure during extraction can lead to the secondary formation of natural gas hydrates, resulting in wellbore and pipeline blockages. Glycine, known for its strong hydrophilicity and biodegradability, shows significant potential in preventing natural gas hydrate formation; however, the mechanisms underlying its combined use with hydrate inhibitors remain unclear. This study conducted simulated experiments on the formation of natural gas hydrates using glycine in combination with salt-based and alcohol-based hydrate inhibitors. The synergistic inhibition mechanisms were analyzed, and a glycine-based drilling fluid system suitable for marine drilling was developed. The results indicate the following: (1) The amount of natural gas consumed does not accurately reflect the effectiveness of hydrate inhibitors, requiring a comprehensive assessment that includes the final hydrate formation amount and the time-dependent changes during the formation process; (2) A glycine concentration of 1.0% is optimal for inhibiting hydrate formation, resulting in the smallest hydrate formation region and the largest stability region; (3) The combination of 5.0% salt-based inhibitors with 1.0% glycine synergistically inhibits hydrate formation, reducing the hydrate formation amount by 20%–30%, while the combination of 5.0% alcohol-based inhibitors with glycine promotes hydrate formation; (4) A drilling fluid system formed by mixing glycine with salt-based inhibitors effectively reduces hydrate formation. This study elucidates the synergistic inhibition mechanism of glycine with thermodynamic inhibitors, providing experimental data and theoretical support for addressing wellbore blockage and ensuring drilling safety in marine extraction operations.
Heterometallic Ru-Ir hydride carbonyl clusters
Authors: Forti Francesca , Cesari Cristiana , Bortoluzzi Marco , Femoni Cristina , Funaioli Tiziana , Iapalucci Maria Carmela , Zacchini Stefano 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

[NEt4][HRu3(CO)11] (1) reacts with [Ir(COD)Cl]2 in a 1 : 0.5 molar ratio under H2 atmosphere affording the previously reported [NEt4][H2Ru3Ir(CO)12] (2). Performing the reaction under N2 atmosphere with a 1 : 1 molar ratio of the reagents results in the new species [NEt4][H1–xRu3–xIr2+x(CO)12(COD)] (x = 0.11) (3), whereas H2 − xRu3 − xIr2 + x(CO)10(COD)2 (x = 0.5 and 0.77) (4) is obtained by further increasing the amount of [Ir(COD)Cl]2. In particular, compound 4 with x = 0.5 has been obtained with a 1 : 1.25 molar ratio of the reagents, whereas 4 with x = 0.77 is formed increasing the stoichiometry to 1 : 1.5. Reaction of 1 and [Ir(COD)Cl]2 under CO atmosphere affords [NEt4]2[Ru4Ir2(CO)17] (5) (molar ratio of the reagents 1 : 0.7). Syntheses of 2–5 are very sensitive to the experimental conditions, and optimized procedures in order to obtain each of these compounds in good yield and high purity have been identified. Slight variations of the experimental conditions lead to lower yield and traces of side-products are formed, among which [NEt4][H2Ru3Ir(CO)10(COD)] (6), [NEt4][HRu3IrCl(CO)12] (7), [NEt4]3[HRu2Ir2(CO)12]Cl2 (8) and [NEt4]2[Ru4(O)Cl4(CO)10] (9) have been identified by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD). All the main products 2–5 have been structurally characterized by SC-XRD and further investigated by IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy in solution. Hydride locations have been elucidated by computational methods.
Cesarean delivery on maternal request: the birth companions perspective
Authors: Muhandule Célia J. L. Sitoe , Benetti Cristine M. S. , Fogulin Laura B. , Bento Silvana F. , Amaral Eliana 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Many personal and cultural factors, including the perception of family members and close friends, influence women´s attitudes towards their mode of delivery choice. This study aimed to explore the experiences, perceptions, attitudes, and birth companion’s beliefs of women who underwent a C-section under request (CDMR).
Methods
This qualitative study used in-depth, semi-structured individual face-to-face interviews, submitted to thematic analysis, under a phenomenological research framework. Participants: Birth companions who were present in the delivery room during the birth or immediately after birth (partner, mother, sister, mother-in-law or friend) were interviewed at a public university hospital in Brazil.
Results
Men preferred vaginal birth and women had a favorable attitude towards cesarean birth, but everyone considered vaginal birth the ideal mode of delivery. Male partners emphasized that they had limitations in advising women about C-sections, as they had never experienced childbirth, and assumed that their role was limited to supporting the women's decision. On the other hand, the female birth companions invoked memories of a birth experience that was positive for C-section or negative for vaginal delivery to support the woman´s choice. Even if cesarean delivery was perceived as involving greater maternal risks than vaginal birth, birth companions justified these risks by the need to 'guarantee' the woman's right to choose.
Conclusions
There is a different attitude towards the mode of delivery between men and women accompanying a parturient who opt for CDMR. Respect for women's decision on mode of delivery is a disseminated concept among birth companions in this environment.
Complete chloroplast genome of a Peruvian landrace of Cucurbita moschata, loche, and its comparative analysis with other relative species
Authors: Saldaña Carla L. , Estrada Richard , Suca Esther , Cruz Camila , Vilcara Edgardo , Arbizu Carlos I. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background Loche (Cucurbita moschata) is a pre-Columbian squash that is cultivated exclusively in the northern coast of Peru, Lambayeque. This crop is notable for the presence of warts in its skin and for its vegetative reproduction as it commonly lacks of seeds in fruits. Currently, loche may be considered a new product for international markets, recognizing the gastronomy of Lambayeque in the world and dynamizing the Peruvian agro-export area. However, genomic information about this squash is very limited.
Results In this study, the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of loche from Lambayeque was sequenced and annotated. Clean reads were obtained by PE 150 library and the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome of C. moschata has a 157,592 bp in length with typical quadripartite structure, containing a large single copy (LSC) region (88,192 bp) and 18,181 bp small single-copy (SSC) region, separated by two inverted repeat (IR) regions (25,613 bp). The annotation of C. moschata cp genome predicted 81 protein-coding genes (CDS), 8 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 38 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and 01 pseudogen. A total of 59 simple sequence repeats (SSR) of this cp genome were divided into mononucleotide (43), dinucleotide (7), trinucleotide (2), tetranucleotide (6), and hexanucleotide (1). The highest percentage of identity was observed for C. moschata and C. maxima (0.99) while the lowest for C. moschata and Cucumis sativus (0.68). Cucurbita pepo is the closest relative to loche.
Conclusions The cp genome of loche is similar to other cucurbit species and possesses 127 genes in total. Moreover, a total of 59 SSR were identified in this cp genome. A higher percentage of identity is evidenced between C. moschata and C. maxima whereas higher divergence values with Cucumis sativus. This study reports for the first time the genome organization, gene content, and structural features of the chloroplast genome of a Peruvian squash landrace, that is commonly cultivated in a restricted area in northern Peru, providing valuable information for genetic and evolutionary studies in the genus Cucurbita.