bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Antimicrobial Efficacy and Quality Changes in Pineapple Juice Treated with Natural Preservatives
Authors: Obe Theresa Onyeka , Amove Julius , Eke Mike Ojotu 
Published: October 2024

The study investigated effects of natural preservatives on the quality of fresh pineapple fruit juice. The natural preservatives used are ginger, garlic, moringa seed and cloves and were processed into powder. The treatment of pineapple with the natural preservatives was at a concentration of 20% with 3 minutes dipping time. The enumeration and identification of microorganisms on the fresh pineapple fruit, shows that the total bacteria count was 1.8×105 colony forming unit per gram (CFU/g) and 4.6×103 CFU/g respectively. The identified bacteria are staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus spp and identified fungi were Aspergillus Niger, penicillin spp and Aspergillus perfrigens respectively. Moringa seed extract exhibited moderate antibacterial activity, with zones of inhibitions (ZOIs) of 16 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 15 mm against Streptococcus spp. Garlic (GL) showed the least antibacterial activity among the natural preservative samples, with 9mm zones of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and 4 mm against Streptococcus spp. Clove extract displayed significant antibacterial activity, with 14 mm zones of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and 19 mm against Streptococcus spp. Ginger extract exhibited slight antibacterial activity, with zones of inhibition of 4 mm against both bacterial strains. Chemical composition of the treated pineapple juice result ranges from 0.77-0.865% TTA, 64.12-63.10 Vit C, 26.50-25.06 Brix Content,3.20-3.39 pH and 13.23-13.17 TSS respectively. The control (100% pineapple Juice) displayed balanced properties serving as an effective baseline3. Storage studies, ambient stored samples were analyzed at 0 day and 21 days intervals. All samples were subjected to standard analytical methods. Results showed increase in number of bacteria and fungi with increase in the number of days. The use of cloves, garlic, ginger, and moringa seeds as natural antimicrobial agents in pineapple juice is effective in controlling microbial growth, thus enhancing the safety and shelf life of the juice. These treatments also influence the chemical and sensory properties of the juice, contributing to consumer acceptability.
Disaster Communication in Forest and Land Fire Management in South Kalimantan
Authors: Waluyo Bambang Dwi , Chandrabuwono Achmad Bayu , Hidayat Riski Muslim , Istihsan M. Aldi , Muhammad Khadafi Nur 
Published: October 2024

The recurrence of forest and land fires in the South Kalimantan region can be attributed to the insufficient implementation of disaster risk communication. Hence, it is imperative for this study to address the topic of disaster risk communication as a means of mitigating forest and land fires in the region of South Kalimantan. This study addresses the scientific subject of why the southern Kalimantan provincial government is still struggling to coordinate the resolve of forest and land fires, despite the implementation of forest and land fire disaster control measures. The research methodology employed in this study utilizes a qualitative approach, namely of a descriptive nature. The data collection approaches employed in this study include interviews, documentation analysis, and literature review. This study aims to elucidate the dearth of educational information pertaining to the prevention and mitigation of forest and land fires within communities. The presence of suitable information and education boards is lacking. Despite the government's extensive endeavors in forest and land fire disaster management in the South Kalimantan region, the absence of an early preventive system pertaining to such calamities remains evident. The proper implementation of educational initiatives pertaining to disaster prevention and early detection has not been effectively carried out. The current state of optimizing information pertaining to public education within the realm of catastrophes remains constrained by the limited involvement of the government in actively engaging with other relevant parties, particularly the media.
Effect of Integrated Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer on, Growth of Garlic (Allium sativum L.)
Authors: Choudhary Anita , Yadav D.K. , Choudhary Rajesh , Choudhary M.R. , Achra Rajesh , Dadrwal Basant Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Field experiments were conducted under loamy sand soil during rabi seasons of 2022-23 and 2023-24 at the Horticulture farm, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner. The experiment comprised of 28 treatment combinations of organic manures, inorganic fertilizer in main plot and 4 levels of foliar application through organic manures. The treatments with their symbols are described as under (100% RD of N through inorganic fertilizers (V1), 75% Inorganic fertilizers+ 25% vermicompost (V2), 75% Inorganic fertilizers+ 25% poultry manure (V3), 75% Inorganic fertilizer + 25% FYM (V4), 50 % Inorganic fertilizer + 50% vermicompost (V5), 50% Inorganic fertilizer + 50% poultry manure (V6), and 50% Inorganic fertilizer + 50% FYM (V7), were assigned to main plots and four levels of organics (Control ( O0), Vermiwash (O1), Panchgavya (O2), and Cow urine (O3), in sub plots and replicated thrice in split plot design. Garlic variety ‘G-282’ was used as a test crop. On the basis of two years result, application of 100 % inorganic fertilizer and foliar spray of Panchgavya was proved the most superior treatment combination in garlic representing the significantly higher growth parameter plant height of garlic at 60 and 90 days, number of leaf at 60 and 90 days and chlorophyll content.
Photophysiological and light absorption properties of phytoplankton communities in the river‐dominated margin of the northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Chakraborty Sumit , Lohrenz Steven E. , Gundersen Kjell 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSpatial and temporal variability in photophysiological properties of phytoplankton were examined in relationship to phytoplankton community composition in the river‐dominated continental margin of the northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOM). Observations made during five research cruises in the NGOM included phytoplankton photosynthetic and optical properties and associated environmental conditions and phytoplankton community structure. Distinct patterns of spatial and temporal variability in photophysiological parameters were found for waters dominated by different phytoplankton groups. Photophysiological properties for locations associated with dominance by a particular group of phytoplankton showed evidence of photoacclimation as reflected by differences in light absorption and pigment characteristics in relationship to different light environments. The maximum rate of photosynthesis normalized to chlorophyll (
) was significantly higher for communities dominated (>60% biomass) by cyanobacteria + prochlorophyte (cyano + prochl). The initial slope of the photosynthesis‐irradiance (P‐E) curve normalized to chlorophyll (
) was not clearly related to phytoplankton community structure and no significant differences were found in
and
between different geographic regions. In contrast, maximum quantum yield of carbon fixation in photosynthesis (Φcmax) differed significantly between regions and was higher for diatom‐dominated communities. Multiple linear regression models, specific for the different phytoplankton communities, using a combination of environmental and bio‐optical proxies as predictor variables showed considerable promise for estimation of the photophysiological parameters on a regional scale. Such an approach may be utilized to develop size class‐specific or phytoplankton group‐specific primary productivity models for the NGOM.
Climatology and numerical case study of moisture sources associated with subtropical cyclogenesis over the southwestern Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Gozzo L. F. , da Rocha R. P. , Gimeno L. , Drumond A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAn important feature during cyclogenesis is the availability of moisture to fuel the associated convective activity providing faster developments and more intense systems. In this work, an investigation of the role of local evaporation and remote water vapor transport prior to subtropical cyclogenesis in the southwestern South Atlantic (named RG1 region) is presented. Results were obtained analyzing the period from 1980 to 2015 with a Lagrangian particle dispersion model together with the ERA‐Interim reanalysis. The northern sector of the Subtropical High in the South Atlantic Ocean stands out as the main source region of water vapor to the RG1, with the low‐level northeasterly winds being responsible by moisture transport. An anomalous moisture transport from lower latitudes preceded the subtropical cyclogenesis events and provided the necessary water vapor to fuel the convective activity. A numerical case study using the Weather Research and Forecasting mesoscale model indicated that the remote moisture source is essential for subtropical cyclogenesis in RG1, since it allows a stronger surface low pressure to develop and supports the formation of a cutoff low in the middle troposphere. Though the local evaporation has a secondary role in this process, it helped the system to attain the observed intensity and subtropical characteristics. Therefore, both local and remote moisture sources provide the incipient subtropical cyclone with the horizontal temperature advection and convective activity necessary to its further development.
The effects of oceanic barrier layer on the upper ocean response to tropical cyclones
Authors: Yan Youfang , Li Li , Wang Chunzai 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPrevious studies of the barrier layer (BL) and tropical cyclone (TC) intensification show controversial results. Some studies suggest that the BL is favorable for TC intensification, whereas others demonstrate that the BL has little impact. The present paper reconciles these previous results by showing that the influence of the BL on TC intensification is complex and dependent on the stages, TC intensity, TC forcing time, and ocean stratification. The influence can be divided into three different stages. First, when a TC is weak or the TC‐induced forcing cannot break through the mixed layer (ML), the presence of the BL leads to a thin ML, results in a large ML cooling, and reduces the effective TC heat potential (ETCHP) by distributing the air‐sea heat loss to the thin ML, thus suppressing TC growth. Second, when TC strengthens or wind forcing increases, the forcing becomes strong enough to break through the ML and penetrates into the BL. The entrainment of BL water, which is warmer than the cooled ML, compensates the surface heat loss and leads to an increase of the ML temperature, supporting TC growth. Third, when the TC‐induced forcing is strong enough to break through the BL base and penetrates to the thermocline, the BL reduces the magnitudes of cooling temperature and of decreasing ETCHP compared to those without the BL, which is also favorable for TC intensification. Thus, whether the BL intensifies TCs depends on the conditions associated with the upper layer ocean and TCs.
Multicenter analysis of the use of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for management of MPN‐associated portal hypertension
Authors: Reilly Christopher R. , Babushok Daria V. , Martin Karlyn , Spivak Jerry L. , Streiff Michael , Bahirwani Ranjeeta , Mondschein Jeffrey , Stein Brady , Moliterno Alison , Hexner Elizabeth O. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBCR‐ABL1‐negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are clonal stem cell disorders defined by proliferation of one or more myeloid lineages, and carry an increased risk of vascular events and progression to myelofibrosis and leukemia. Portal hypertension (pHTN) occurs in 7‐18% of MPN patients via both thrombotic and nonthrombotic mechanisms and portends a poor prognosis. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) has been used in the management of MPN‐associated pHTN; however, data on long‐term outcomes of TIPS in this setting is limited and the optimal management of medically refractory MPN‐associated pHTN is not known. In order to assess the efficacy and long‐term outcomes of TIPS in MPN‐associated pHTN, we performed a retrospective analysis of 29 MPN patients who underwent TIPS at three academic medical centers between 1997 and 2016. The majority of patients experienced complete clinical resolution of pHTN and its clinical sequelae following TIPS. One, two, three, and four‐year overall survival post‐TIPS was 96.4%, 92.3%, 84.6%, and 71.4%, respectively. However, despite therapeutic anticoagulation, in‐stent thrombosis occurred in 31.0% of patients after TIPS, necessitating additional interventions. In conclusion, TIPS can be an effective intervention for MPN‐associated pHTN regardless of etiology. However, TIPS thrombosis is a frequent complication in the MPN population and indefinite anticoagulation post‐TIPS should be considered.
An Efficient on‐Line Parameter Identification Algorithm for Nonlinear Servomechanisms with an Algebraic Technique for State Estimation
Authors: Miranda‐Colorado Roger , Moreno‐Valenzuela Javier 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a methodology for on‐line closed‐loop identification of a class of nonlinear servomechanisms. First, a system is defined with the same structure as the actual servomechanism, but using time‐varying estimated parameters. No coupling between the actual and the estimation systems is present. Position, velocity and acceleration errors, defined as the difference of the actual respective signals and the signals coming from the estimation system, are required in the identification method. Then, a recursive algorithm for on‐line identification of the system parameters is derived from a cost function depending on a linear combination of all the estimation errors. Velocity and acceleration estimates, required in the proposed parameter identification algorithm, are obtained by using an algebraic methodology. The identification algorithm is compared by means of real‐time experiments with an on‐line least squares algorithm with forgetting factor and an off‐line least squares algorithm with data preprocessing. Experimental results show that the proposed approach has a performance comparable to that obtained with the off‐line least squares algorithm, but with the advantage of avoiding any preprocessing.
Isolated congenital hepatic fibrosis associated with TMEM67 mutations: report of a new genotype–phenotype relationship
Authors: Vogel Ida , Ott Peter , Lildballe Dorte , Hamilton‐Dutoit Stephen , Vilstrup Hendrik , Grønbæk Henning 
Published: May 2017

Key Clinical MessageWe report an otherwise healthy 32‐year‐old man with portal hypertension, variceal bleeding, and congenital hepatic fibrosis with ductal plate malformation. Genetic screening identified two TMEM67 mutations. Biallelic TMEM67 mutations are known to cause Joubert/Meckel syndrome or nephronopthisis with hepatic fibrosis, but have never been found in isolated hepatic fibrosis.
Unlocking the Electrocatalytic Activity of Chemically Inert Amorphous Carbon–Nitrogen for Oxygen Reduction: Discerning and Refactoring the Chaotic Bonds
Authors: Zhang Cai , Zhang Wei , Yu Shansheng , Wang Dong , Zhang Wenjing , Zheng Weitao , Wen Mao , Tian Hongwei , Huang Keke , Feng Shouhua , Bentzen Janet Jonna 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by Prof. Wei Zhang and Cai Zhang from Jilin University (Changchun, China). The image shows that heat treatment can govern the bonding states and unlock the ORR activity for nitrogen‐doped amorphous carbon, which is an analogy to the beauty of the stained‐glass windows of Sagrada Família Basílica (Barcelona, Spain) revealed by the sunlight streaming through the windows. Read the full text of the Communication at 10.1002/celc.201700106.
Recent Advances in Surfactant‐Free, Surface‐Charged, and Defect‐Rich Catalysts Developed by Laser Ablation and Processing in Liquids
Authors: Zhang Dongshi , Liu Jun , Li Pengfei , Tian Zhenfei , Liang Changhao 
Published: May 2017

AbstractFor excellence in the synthesis of highly active metal and oxide catalysts, a newly emerging technique—laser synthesis and processing of colloids (LSPC)—is gaining increasing attention for catalytic applications, such as water splitting, fuel cells, and photodegradation of organic pollutants. The advantages of using LSPC‐synthesized metal catalysts have been reviewed elsewhere [Chem. Rev. 2017, 117, 3990–4103]. Herein, current challenges related to the properties (surface chemistry and particle evolution) of metal catalysts synthesized by laser ablation in liquids/laser processing in liquids are discussed. The main focus is on the advantages of LSPC in surfactant‐free defect engineering of oxide nanoparticles. Compared with other techniques (e.g., hydrogenation), LSPC provides a unique platform to simultaneously introduce oxygen vacancies and surface disorders into oxide (e.g., TiO2) nanomaterials; thus allowing narrowing of the band gap from both conduction and valence bands. Defect‐rich oxides have versatile uses, such as being directly applied as photocatalysts and as building blocks to construct supported, doped, and ternary oxide photocatalysts for electrochemical and photocatalytic applications. The LSPC‐synthesized catalysts are promising for applications as commercial catalysts in light of their higher activities than those of current Pt/C and P25 TiO2 commercial catalysts.
Fed and Fasted Administration of a Novel Extended‐Release Methylphenidate Orally Disintegrating Tablet Formulation for the Treatment of ADHD
Authors: Weisler Richard H. , Stark Jeffrey G. , Sikes Carolyn 
Published: May 2017

AbstractExtended‐release methylphenidate is a first‐line treatment for attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder. A methylphenidate extended‐release orally disintegrating tablet (MPH XR‐ODT) has recently been developed. Here we report an open‐label, randomized, 2‐period, 2‐treatment crossover study to determine the effect of food on the bioavailability of a single 60‐mg dose of MPH XR‐ODT in healthy adults. Blood samples were collected predose through 36 hours postdose. Maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), time to maximum plasma concentration (Tmax), terminal elimination half‐life (T1/2), overall systemic exposure (AUClast and AUCinf), and partial areas under the concentration curve (AUC0–3, AUC3–7, and AUC7–12) were calculated. In total, 48 participants completed the study. For total methylphenidate from MPH XR‐ODT, the lower limit of the 90% confidence interval (CI) around the geometric mean ratio (GMR, fed/fasted) for Cmax was below 80%, indicating a slightly decreased rate of absorption with food, whereas the 90%CIs around the GMRs of AUClast and AUCinf were within the 80%–125% limits, suggesting no food effect on exposure. The most common adverse events (AEs) were palpitations and decreased appetite. No serious, unusual, or unexpected AEs were reported. Thus, food had no substantial effect on overall bioavailability of MPH XR‐ODT, which may be an important factor for some patients.
A Comparison of the Pharmacokinetics of Methylphenidate Extended‐Release Orally Disintegrating Tablets With a Reference Extended‐Release Formulation of Methylphenidate in Healthy Adults
Authors: Childress Ann , Stark Jeffrey G. , McMahen Russ , Engelking Dorothy , Sikes Carolyn 
Published: May 2017

AbstractExtended‐release (ER) methylphenidate (MPH) is a first‐line treatment for attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder. A methylphenidate extended‐release orally disintegrating tablet (MPH XR‐ODT) has recently been developed. This was a randomized, open‐label, 3‐period, 3‐treatment study comparing the bioavailability and absorption of 2 MPH XR‐ODT formulations with an MPH ER reference medication. Here we report the 2 treatments comparing the commercial MPH XR‐ODT formulation and reference medication. Following a ≥10‐hour fast, 42 healthy adults received 60 mg of reference medication or MPH XR‐ODT (2 × 30 mg). The following pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were calculated for total methylphenidate (d + l): maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), time to maximum plasma concentration (Tmax), terminal half‐life (T1/2), and areas under the concentration–time curve from time zero to the time of the last quantifiable concentration (AUClast), and from time zero extrapolated to infinity (AUCinf). Secondary PK end points included partial AUCs. Safety was also assessed. Overall systemic exposure to methylphenidate after MPH XR‐ODT administration was similar to that of the reference product, and the concentration–time profiles for MPH XR‐ODT and the reference drug were similar, although the Cmax was 25% higher for MPH XR‐ODT. The most common treatment‐emergent adverse events were nausea (6) and anxiety (4), which were similar across treatments.
Detection of malicious behavior in android apps through API calls and permission uses analysis
Authors: Yang Ming , Wang Shan , Ling Zhen , Liu Yaowen , Ni Zhenyu 
Published: May 2017

SummaryIn recent years, with the prevalence of smartphones, the number of Android malware shows explosive growth. As malicious apps may steal users' sensitive data and even money from mobile and bank accounts, it is important to detect potential malicious behaviors so as to block them. To achieve this goal, we propose a dynamic behavior inspection and analysis framework for malicious behavior detection. A customized Android system is built to record apps' API calls, permission uses, and some other runtime features. We also develop an automated app behavior inspection platform to install and inspect massive samples so as to collect apps' dynamic behavior records. Then these records are exploited to train a string subsequence kernel–based Support Vector Machine (SVM) model, which can be used to classify benign and malicious behaviors offline. To realize online detection, we further extract apps' runtime features including sensitive permission combination uses, sensitive behavior sequences, and user interactions for behavior classification. The classification results can reach an accuracy of 84.9% in offline phase and 99.0% in online phase. Besides, we verify our scheme for identifying malicious apps, and the results show that 71.8% instances of malware samples are identified by running each app for only 18 minutes.
Dynamic cluster strategy for hierarchical rollback‐recovery protocols in MPI HPC applications
Authors: Liao Xiaofei , Zheng Long , Zhang Binsheng , Zhang Yu , Jin Hai , Shi Xuanhua , Lin Yi 
Published: May 2017

SummaryFault tolerance in parallel computing becomes increasingly important with a significant rise in high‐performance computing systems. Coordinated checkpointing and message logging protocols are commonly used fault tolerance mechanisms for message‐passing applications. However, these mechanisms are insufficient because of their severe drawbacks. Hierarchical rollback‐recovery protocols, combining coordinated checkpointing with message logging, are a better solution. However, such protocols may not obtain the appropriate efficiency because the communication pattern in different stages of applications may vary at runtime. In an effort to improve the efficiency of hierarchical rollback‐recovery protocols, we propose a dynamic cluster strategy to adapt to the runtime variation of communication pattern by using a prediction scheme. Finally, the efficiency and scalability of the dynamic cluster strategy are evaluated using 2 static process partition algorithms on the High‐Performance Linpack benchmark.