bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: Glyoxalase 2 Is Involved in Human Prostate Cancer Progression as Part of a Mechanism Driven By PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling With Involvement of PKM2 and ERα
Authors: Talesa Vincenzo N. , Ferri Ivana , Bellezza Guido , Love Harold D. , Sidoni Angelo , Antognelli Cinzia 
Published: October 2016

BACKGROUNDGlyoxalase 2 (Glo2), together with glyoxalase 1 (Glo1), forms the main scavenging system of methylglyoxal, a potent pro‐apoptotic agent mainly generated by glycolysis. An increased rate of glycolysis is a well known signature of cancer cells. As a survival strategy, Glo1 is overexpressed in many human malignant cells, including prostate cancer (PCa), where it plays a crucial role in progression. No information is available on the role of Glo2 in the same ambit. PCa is the most common malignancy affecting men in the western world. Progression to a lethal hormone‐refractory PCa represents the major concern in this pathology. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying PCa invasiveness and metastasis is urgently needed in order to develop novel therapeutic targets for this incurable state of the malignancy.METHODSGlo2 and Glo1 expression was examined in clinical samples of PCa by immunohistochemistry and in different PCa cell models by western blotting and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Gene silencing/overexpression and scavenging/inhibitory agents were used for functional analyses.RESULTSWe demonstrated that Glo2, together with Glo1, represents a novel mechanism in PCa progression as part of a pathway driven by PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling with involvement of PKM2 and ERα. Importantly, Glo1/Glo2 silencing did not alter the behavior of benign cells.CONCLUSIONSTargeting glyoxalases metabolic pathway may represent a strategy to selectively inhibit advanced PCa. Prostate 77:196–210, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Calibration bias of experimentally determined chlorine isotope enrichment factors: the need for a two‐point calibration in compound‐specific chlorine isotope analysis
Authors: Ebert Karin A. , Laskov Christine , Elsner Martin , Haderlein Stefan B. 
Published: October 2016

RationaleThe recent development of compound‐specific online chlorine isotope analysis (37Cl‐CSIA) methods has fostered dual chlorine–carbon isotope studies to gain better insights into sources and environmental transformation reactions of chlorinated ethenes. One‐point and two‐point calibration schemes are currently used to convert raw data to the international δ37ClSMOC scale, but a critical evaluation of best practices to arrive at reliable δ37ClSMOC signatures and enrichment factors was missing and is presented here.MethodsAqueous solutions of neat perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene (TCE) and aqueous samples from a TCE biodegradation experiment with pure cultures of Desulfitobacterium hafniense Y51 were analysed for their chlorine isotope ratios using GC/qMS and GC/IRMS. The δ37ClSMOC values were obtained using one‐point and two‐point calibration schemes. Chlorine isotope enrichment factors, εCl, were calculated using both approaches and the corresponding bias of δ37ClSMOC values introduced by the different types of calibration was determined.ResultsDifferent calibration methods resulted in significant differences (up to 30%) in both δ37Cl signatures and εCl values.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that a two‐point calibration together with comprehensive information on reference materials is indispensable and should become standard practice for reliable 37Cl‐CSIA of organic compounds. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stakeholder Engagement and Environmental Practice Adoption: The Mediating Role of Process Management Practices
Authors: Jakhar Suresh Kumar 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis study extends the current research on diverse organizational responses to stakeholder demands on environmental practice adoption. I argue that process management practices influence ‘green’ innovation and that these differences in their adoption level engender heterogeneous responses to similar stakeholder pressures. Theoretically, the proposed relationship is supported by the relationship between institutional theory, the resource‐based view of the firm and complementary assets. The proposed relationship is empirically tested using original survey data obtained from Indian manufacturing facilities. Results obtained using the structural equation modeling approach support the proposed hypothesis that process management practices mediate the relationship between stakeholder pressure and environmental practice adoption. This study contributes to a theoretical and practical understanding of why there is an idiosyncratic organizational response to environmental demand, by analyzing institutional factors (stakeholder pressure) as predictors and internal firm resources and capabilities as mediators. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Promoting Sustainable Development at an Organizational Level: An Analysis of the Drivers of Workplace Environmentally Friendly Behaviour of Employees
Authors: Saifulina Nailya , Carballo‐Penela Adolfo 
Published: October 2016

AbstractTaking into account the importance of improving organizational environmental performance, the current study examines the drivers of workplace environmentally friendly behaviour (WEFB) of employees in a public organization. Multiple regression analysis with data from sample of 59 employees was used to test the proposed hypotheses.Results show that harmonious environmental passion of employees and organizational environmental support are significantly related to WEFB. Furthermore, our findings show that gender and perceived incomes also influence the workplace environmentally friendly behaviour of employees. The obtained findings may add knowledge to this field since previous investigations have paid little attention to the determinants of WEFB in the public sector. Besides, the findings have practical implications, suggesting that public organizations should demonstrate their environmental commitment to their employees. Providing employees with information to develop environmentally friendly behaviours at work could support those organizations interested in improving their environmental performance. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Surgery‐Related Muscle Loss and Its Association with Postoperative Complications After Major Hepatectomy with Extrahepatic Bile Duct Resection
Authors: Otsuji Hidehiko , Yokoyama Yukihiro , Ebata Tomoki , Igami Tsuyoshi , Sugawara Gen , Mizuno Takashi , Yamaguchi Junpei , Nagino Masato 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies have reported that preoperative sarcopenia negatively impacts postoperative outcomes. Meanwhile, changes in skeletal muscle mass during the acute phase after surgery and their association with postoperative complications are unknown.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the relation between changes in skeletal muscle mass and postoperative complications after major hepatectomy with extrahepatic bile duct resection.MethodsThis study included 254 patients who underwent major hepatectomies with extrahepatic bile duct resections. Total psoas muscle area (TPA) was measured using abdominal computed tomography images obtained before and 1 week after surgery. The percent change in TPA after surgery was calculated. Patients were stratified by sex‐specific tertiles according to the extent of muscle mass change by percentage. Surgery‐related muscle loss (SML) was defined as the lowest tertile of percent change in TPA.ResultsMale patients with a percent change of TPA lower than −5.0 % (n = 54) and female patients with that lower than −2.6 % (n = 31) were included in the lowest tertile and were categorized into a group with SML. The incidence rates of major complications, pancreatic fistula, infectious complications, and mortality were all significantly higher in the group with SML than in the group without SML. By multivariate analyses, SML was identified as an independent factor associated with major complications (odds ratio 3.21; 95 % confidential interval 1.82–5.76, p < 0.001).ConclusionsSML is significantly associated with postoperative morbidity and mortality in patients who underwent major hepatectomies with extrahepatic bile duct resections.
Sublobar Resection Margin Width Does Not Affect Recurrence of Clinical N0 Non‐small Cell Lung Cancer Presenting as GGO‐Predominant Nodule of 3 cm or Less
Authors: Moon Youngkyu , Lee Kyo Young , Moon Seok Whan , Park Jae Kil 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundSublobar resection of lung cancer may benefit patients with lung cancer presenting as ground‐glass opacity (GGO) nodules. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of margin width on recurrence after sublobar resection in patients with clinical N0 non‐small cell lung cancer presenting as GGO‐predominant nodule.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review of 91 patients treated for clinical N0 non‐small cell lung cancer ≤3 cm by sublobar resection with clear resection margins. We assigned them to two groups: GGO‐predominant tumor and solid‐predominant tumor. Each group was subdivided into two groups according to the margin width: resection margin ≤5 mm and resection margin >5 mm. We analyzed the clinicopathological findings and survival among these four groups.ResultsThere was no recurrence in GGO‐predominant tumors after sublobar resection. Margin width did not influence the recurrence in GGO‐predominant tumors. In the cases of solid‐predominant tumor, 5‐year recurrence‐free survival after sublobar resection according to margin width ≤5 and >5 mm was 24.2 and 79.6 %, respectively (p < 0.001). Therefore, narrow margin width (resection margin ≤5 mm) was a significant risk factor for recurrence of solid‐predominant tumors (hazard ratio 3.868, 95 % confidence interval 1.177–12.714, p = 0.026).ConclusionsThe width between the tumor and resection margin does not affect the recurrence after R0 sublobar resection in patients with clinical N0 GGO‐predominant lung cancer ≤3 cm. By contrast, margin width is a significant risk factor for recurrence after sublobar resection in patients with clinical N0 solid‐predominant lung cancer.
Microstructural and Chemical Rejuvenation of a Ni-Based Superalloy
Authors: Yao Zhiqi , Degnan Craig C. , Jepson Mark A. E. , Thomson Rachel C. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The microstructural evolution of the Ni-based superalloy CMSX-4 including the change in gamma prime morphology, size, and distribution after high-temperature degradation and subsequent rejuvenation heat treatments has been examined using field emission gun scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. In this paper, it is shown that there are significant differences in the size of the ‘channels’ between gamma prime particles, the degree of rafting, and the size of tertiary gamma prime particles in each of the different microstructural conditions studied. Chemical analysis has been carried out to compare rejuvenated and pre-service samples after the same subsequent degradation procedure. The results indicate that although the microstructures of pre-service and rejuvenated samples are similar, chemical differences are more pronounced in the rejuvenated samples, suggesting that chemical segregation from partitioning of the elements was not completely eliminated through the applied rejuvenation heat treatment. A number of modified rejuvenation heat treatment trials were carried out to reduce the chemical segregation prior to creep testing. The creep test results suggest that chemical segregation has an immeasurable influence on the short-term mechanical properties under the test conditions used here, indicating that further work is required to fully understand the suitability of specific rejuvenation heat treatments and their role in the extension of component life in power plant applications.
Morphometrics and paleoecology ofCatenipora(Tabulata) from the Xiazhen Formation (Upper Ordovician), Zhuzhai, South China
Authors: Liang Kun , Elias Robert J. , Choh Suk-Joo , Lee Dong-Chan , Lee Dong-Jin 
Published: October 2016

AbstractCateniporais one of the most common tabulate coral genera occurring in various lithofacies in the Upper Ordovician Xiazhen Formation at Zhuzhai in South China. A combination of traditional multivariate analysis and geometric morphometrics is applied to a large number of specimens to distinguish and identify species. Based on three major principal components extracted from 11 morphological characters, three major groups as determined by the cluster-analysis dendrogram are considered to be morphospecies. Their validity and distinctiveness are confirmed by discriminant analysis, descriptive statistics, and bivariate plots. Tabularium area and common wall thickness are the most meaningful characters to distinguish the three morphospecies. Geometric morphometrics is adopted to compare the morphospecies with types and/or figured specimens of species previously reported from the vicinity of Zhuzhai. Despite discrepancies in corallite size, principal component analysis and discriminant analysis, as well as consideration of overall morphological characteristics, indicate that the morphospecies representC.zhejiangensisYu in Yu et al., 1963,C.shiyangensisLin and Chow, 1977, andC.dianbiancunensisLin and Chow, 1977.Cateniporaoccurs in seven stratigraphic intervals in the Xiazhen Formation at Zhuzhai, representing a variety of heterogeneous environments. The coralla preservation is variable due to differential compaction; coralla preserved in limestones are commonly intact and in growth position, whereas those in shales are mostly crushed or fragmentary. The size and shape of corallites are considered primarily to be species-specific characters, but are also related to the depositional environments. In all species, morphological characters, including corallite size, septal development, and shape and size of lacunae, show high variability in accordance with lithofacies and stratigraphic position. The intraspecific differences in corallite size at various localities in the Zhuzhai area may indicate responses to local environmental factors, but may also reflect genetic differences if there was limited connection among populations.
Plasma-induced, nitrogen-doped graphene-based aerogels for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Xue-Yu , Sun Shi-Han , Sun Xiao-Juan , Zhao Yan-Rong , Chen Li , Yang Yue , Lü Wei , Li Da-Bing 
Published: October 2016

AbstractCommonly used energy storage devices include stacked layers of active materials on two-dimensional sheets, and the limited specific surface area restricts the further development of energy storage. Three-dimensional (3D) structures with high specific surface areas would improve device performance. Herein, we present a novel procedure to fabricate macroscopic, high-quality, nitrogen-doped, 3D graphene/nanoparticle aerogels. The procedure includes vacuum filtration, freeze-drying, and plasma treatment, which can be further expanded for large-scale production of nitrogen-doped, graphene-based aerogels. The behavior of the supercapacitor is investigated using a typical nitrogen-doped graphene/Fe3O4nanoparticle 3D structure (NG/Fe3O4). Compared with 3D graphene/Fe3O4structures prepared by the traditional hydrothermal method, the NG/Fe3O4supercapacitor prepared by the present method has a 153% improvement in specific capacitance, and there is no obvious decrease in specific capacitance after 1000 cycles. The present work provides a new and facile method to produce large-scale, 3D, graphene-based materials with high specific capacitance for energy storage.
Electronic control of H+ current in a bioprotonic device with Gramicidin A and Alamethicin
Authors: Hemmatian Zahra , Keene Scott , Josberger Erik , Miyake Takeo , Arboleda Carina , Soto-Rodríguez Jessica , Baneyx François , Rolandi Marco 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn biological systems, intercellular communication is mediated by membrane proteins and ion channels that regulate traffic of ions and small molecules across cell membranes. A bioelectronic device with ion channels that control ionic flow across a supported lipid bilayer (SLB) should therefore be ideal for interfacing with biological systems. Here, we demonstrate a biotic–abiotic bioprotonic device with Pd contacts that regulates proton (H+) flow across an SLB incorporating the ion channels Gramicidin A (gA) and Alamethicin (ALM). We model the device characteristics using the Goldman–Hodgkin–Katz (GHK) solution to the Nernst–Planck equation for transport across the membrane. We derive the permeability for an SLB integrating gA and ALM and demonstrate pH control as a function of applied voltage and membrane permeability. This work opens the door to integrating more complex H+ channels at the Pd contact interface to produce responsive biotic–abiotic devices with increased functionality.
Evolutionary interplay between sister cytochrome P450 genes shapes plasticity in plant metabolism
Authors: Liu Zhenhua , Tavares Raquel , Forsythe Evan S. , André François , Lugan Raphaël , Jonasson Gabriella , Boutet-Mercey Stéphanie , Tohge Takayuki , Beilstein Mark A. , Werck-Reichhart Danièle , Renault Hugues 
Published: October 2016

AbstractExpansion of the cytochrome P450 gene family is often proposed to have a critical role in the evolution of metabolic complexity, in particular in microorganisms, insects and plants. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the evolution of this complexity are poorly understood. Here we describe the evolutionary history of a plant P450 retrogene, which emerged and underwent fixation in the common ancestor of Brassicales, before undergoing tandem duplication in the ancestor of Brassicaceae. Duplication leads first to gain of dual functions in one of the copies. Both sister genes are retained through subsequent speciation but eventually return to a single copy in two of three diverging lineages. In the lineage in which both copies are maintained, the ancestral functions are split between paralogs and a novel function arises in the copy under relaxed selection. Our work illustrates how retrotransposition and gene duplication can favour the emergence of novel metabolic functions.
Mutually exclusive sense–antisense transcription at FLC facilitates environmentally induced gene repression
Authors: Rosa Stefanie , Duncan Susan , Dean Caroline 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAntisense transcription through genic regions is pervasive in most genomes; however, its functional significance is still unclear. We are studying the role of antisense transcripts (COOLAIR) in the cold-induced, epigenetic silencing of Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), a regulator of the transition to reproduction. Here we use single-molecule RNA FISH to address the mechanistic relationship of FLC and COOLAIR transcription at the cellular level. We demonstrate that while sense and antisense transcripts can co-occur in the same cell they are mutually exclusive at individual loci. Cold strongly upregulates COOLAIR transcription in an increased number of cells and through the mutually exclusive relationship facilitates shutdown of sense FLC transcription in cis. COOLAIR transcripts form dense clouds at each locus, acting to influence FLC transcription through changed H3K36me3 dynamics. These results may have general implications for other loci showing both sense and antisense transcription.
Abundant DNA 6mA methylation during early embryogenesis of zebrafish and pig
Authors: Liu Jianzhao , Zhu Yuanxiang , Luo Guan-Zheng , Wang Xinxia , Yue Yanan , Wang Xiaona , Zong Xin , Chen Kai , Yin Hang , Fu Ye , Han Dali , Wang Yizhen , Chen Dahua , He Chuan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDNA N6-methyldeoxyadenosine (6mA) is a well-known prokaryotic DNA modification that has been shown to exist and play epigenetic roles in eukaryotic DNA. Here we report that 6mA accumulates up to ∼0.1–0.2% of total deoxyadenosine during early embryogenesis of vertebrates, but diminishes to the background level with the progression of the embryo development. During this process a large fraction of 6mAs locate in repetitive regions of the genome.
Formation of metastable phases by spinodal decomposition
Authors: Alert Ricard , Tierno Pietro , Casademunt Jaume 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMetastable phases may be spontaneously formed from other metastable phases through nucleation. Here we demonstrate the spontaneous formation of a metastable phase from an unstable equilibrium by spinodal decomposition, which leads to a transient coexistence of stable and metastable phases. This phenomenon is generic within the recently introduced scenario of the landscape-inversion phase transitions, which we experimentally realize as a structural transition in a colloidal crystal. This transition exhibits a rich repertoire of new phase-ordering phenomena, including the coexistence of two equilibrium phases connected by two physically different interfaces. In addition, this scenario enables the control of sizes and lifetimes of metastable domains. Our findings open a new setting that broadens the fundamental understanding of phase-ordering kinetics, and yield new prospects of applications in materials science.
Scaled laboratory experiments explain the kink behaviour of the Crab Nebula jet
Authors: Li C. K. , Tzeferacos P. , Lamb D. , Gregori G. , Norreys P. A. , Rosenberg M. J. , Follett R. K. , Froula D. H. , Koenig M. , Seguin F. H. , Frenje J. A. , Rinderknecht H. G. , Sio H. , Zylstra A. B. , Petrasso R. D. , Amendt P. A. , Park H. S. , Remington B. A. , Ryutov D. D. , Wilks S. C. , Betti R. , Frank A. , Hu S. X. , Sangster T. C. , Hartigan P. , Drake R. P. , Kuranz C. C. , Lebedev S. V. , Woolsey N. C. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe remarkable discovery by the Chandra X-ray observatory that the Crab nebula’s jet periodically changes direction provides a challenge to our understanding of astrophysical jet dynamics. It has been suggested that this phenomenon may be the consequence of magnetic fields and magnetohydrodynamic instabilities, but experimental demonstration in a controlled laboratory environment has remained elusive. Here we report experiments that use high-power lasers to create a plasma jet that can be directly compared with the Crab jet through well-defined physical scaling laws. The jet generates its own embedded toroidal magnetic fields; as it moves, plasma instabilities result in multiple deflections of the propagation direction, mimicking the kink behaviour of the Crab jet. The experiment is modelled with three-dimensional numerical simulations that show exactly how the instability develops and results in changes of direction of the jet.
Disaggregating the evidence linking biodiversity and ecosystem services
Authors: Ricketts Taylor H. , Watson Keri B. , Koh Insu , Ellis Alicia M. , Nicholson Charles C. , Posner Stephen , Richardson Leif L. , Sonter Laura J. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractEcosystem services (ES) are an increasingly popular policy framework for connecting biodiversity with human well-being. These efforts typically assume that biodiversity and ES covary, but the relationship between them remains remarkably unclear. Here we analyse >500 recent papers and show that reported relationships differ among ES, methods of measuring biodiversity and ES, and three different approaches to linking them (spatial correlations, management comparisons and functional experiments). For spatial correlations, biodiversity relates more strongly to measures of ES supply than to resulting human benefits. For management comparisons, biodiversity of ‘service providers’ predicts ES more often than biodiversity of functionally unrelated taxa, but the opposite is true for spatial correlations. Functional experiments occur at smaller spatial scales than management and spatial studies, which show contrasting responses to scale. Our results illuminate the varying dynamics relating biodiversity to ES, and show the importance of matching management efforts to the most relevant scientific evidence.