bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ikaros 6 protects acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells against daunorubicin-induced apoptosis by activating the Akt-FoxO1 pathway
Authors: Han Juan , Jin Runming , Zhang Meiling , Guo Qing , Zhou Fen 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Ikaros isoform 6 (Ik6) is associated with a poor prognosis for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Our previous study demonstrated that overexpression of Ik6 enhances proliferation and chemoresistance of leukemia cells, with a possible underlying mechanism that involves antiapoptosis. In the present study, we investigated whether Ik6 protects against apoptosis by regulating the Akt-FoxO1 pathway. Bone marrow samples from children with ALL were collected and evaluated. In Ik6+ patients, the Akt-FoxO1 pathway was activated such that expression of phosphorylated Akt and FoxO1 was significantly increased, but that of Bim and p27 decreased. In vitro experiments in this study were performed by using human ALL Nalm-6 cells that were stably transfected with Ik6 (Nalm-6/Ik6) or Sup-B15 and Ik6 shRNA (Sup-B15/Ik6 shRNA). Upon treatment with daunorubicin, Nalm-6/Ik6 cells exhibited a statistically significant reduction in apoptosis, with increased expression of p-Akt and p-FoxO1. In contrast, an increase in apoptosis with decreased expression of p-Akt and p-FoxO1 was observed in Sup-B15/Ik6 shRNA cells. This protection was dependent on activation of caspase-3 cleavage. By using an activator and an inhibitor of Akt or FoxO1, we demonstrated that Akt or FoxO1 activation had no effect on Ik6 expression. In conclusion, Ik6, the upstream factor of Akt-FoxO1 pathway, can protect ALL cells against daunorubicin-induced apoptosis and can potentially be explored as a therapeutic target in the treatment of patients with ALL.
Positive PD-L1 Expression Predicts Worse Outcome in Cutaneous Angiosarcoma
Authors: Shimizu Akira , Kaira Kyoichi , Okubo Yuko , Utsumi Daisuke , Yasuda Masahito , Asao Takayuki , Nishiyama Masahiko , Takahashi Kenzo , Ishikawa Osamu 
Published: October 2016

Purpose Programmed death-1 (PD-1) or programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) targeted therapies have shown promising survival outcomes in several human neoplasms. However, it is unclear whether the expression of PD-L1 can be correlated to any clinical and pathologic variables in patients with cutaneous angiosarcoma (CA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological significance of PD-L1 expression in CA patients. Materials and Methods Data from 52 patients with CA were retrospectively reviewed. PD-L1 expression, tumor proliferation determined by Ki-67 index, and immunohistochemical evaluation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, CD4+ and CD8+, were used to determine correlation with clinicopathological variables. Results PD-L1 was positively expressed in 40% of all patients. PD-L1 expression was significantly associated with tumor cell proliferation. Multivariate analysis confirmed that high levels of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were a significant predictor in patients with clinical stage I CA and the positive expression of PD-L1 was an independent prognostic factor in predicting worse outcome. Conclusion PD-L1 expression is a novel pathologic marker for predicting worse outcome in patients with CA.
Simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) of the parametrium and cervix in radiotherapy for uterine cervical carcinoma: a dosimetric study using a new alternative approach
Authors: Cheng Jen-Yu , Huang Eng-Yen , Hsu Shun-Neng , Wang Chong-Jong 
Published: October 2016

Objective:
To compare the dose distributions of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) using the simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) technique with that of the traditional midline block (MB) technique for boosting the parametrium in patients with cervical cancer.

Methods:
Treatment plans using VMAT or IMRT with the SIB technique (VMAT-SIB and IMRT-SIB) and IMRT followed by the MB technique (IMRT-MB) were generated for each of the 10 patients with cervical cancer. For the SIB plans, 45-Gy and 50-Gy dose levels in 25 equal fractions were set for the pelvis planning target volume 45 (PTV45) and the parametrial boost volume (PTV50), respectively. For the IMRT-MB plans, the parametrium was sequentially boosted with the MB technique (5.4 Gy in three fractions) after pelvic IMRT (PTV45).

Results:
Volume receiving 100% of the prescribed dose or more coverage of the PTV50 was significantly better for VMAT-SIB and IMRT-SIB than that for IMRT-MB (99.08 and 99.31% compared with 91.79%, respectively; p &lt; 0.05). VMAT-SIB and IMRT-SIB both generated significantly greater doses to the organs at risk (OARs) except for the volume receiving 50 Gy or more doses, which were significantly lower for the bladder and bowel. Comparable results were achieved with VMAT-SIB and IMRT-SIB.

Conclusion:
The VMAT-SIB and IMRT-SIB techniques are promising in terms of dose distributions and tumour coverage, although these approaches might result in slightly higher doses of radiation to the OARs.

Advances in knowledge:
This is the first study to examine the feasibility of the SIB technique using IMRT or VMAT to boost the parametrium. The techniques dosimetrically produced better target coverage but resulted in slightly higher doses to the OARs.
Deep inspiration breath-hold radiotherapy for lung cancer: impact on image quality and registration uncertainty in cone beam CT image guidance
Authors: Josipovic Mirjana , Persson Gitte F , Bangsgaard Jens P , Specht Lena , Aznar Marianne C 
Published: October 2016

Objective:
We investigated the impact of deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) and tumour baseline shifts on image quality and registration uncertainty in image-guided DIBH radiotherapy (RT) for locally advanced lung cancer.

Methods:
Patients treated with daily cone beam CT (CBCT)-guided free-breathing (FB) RT had an additional CBCT in DIBH at three fractions. These CBCT scans were offline rigidly registered (on tumour) to FB and DIBH CT scans acquired at planning. All registrations were repeated to evaluate the intraobserver uncertainty. CBCT scans were scored on degree of streak artefacts and visualization of tumour and anatomical structures. We examined the impact of tumour baseline shift between consecutive DIBHs on CBCT image quality.

Results:
CBCT scans from 15 patients were analysed. Intraobserver image registration uncertainty was approximately 2 mm in both FB and DIBH, except for the craniocaudal direction in FB, where it was &gt;3 mm. On the 31st fraction, the intraobserver uncertainty increased compared with the second fraction. This increase was more pronounced in FB. Image quality scores improved in DIBH compared with FB for all parameters in all patients. Simulated tumour baseline shifts ≤2 mm did not affect the CBCT image quality considerably.

Conclusion:
DIBH CBCT improved image quality and reduced registration uncertainty in the craniocaudal direction in image-guided RT of locally advanced lung cancer. Baseline shifts ≤2 mm in DIBH during CBCT acquisition did not affect image quality.

Advances in knowledge:
DIBH RT has dosimetric advantages over FB; this work demonstrates an additional benefit of DIBH in terms of registration accuracy because of improved image quality.
The 2016 Bioinformatics Open Source Conference (BOSC)
Authors: Harris Nomi L. , Cock Peter J.A. , Chapman Brad , Fields Christopher J. , Hokamp Karsten , Lapp Hilmar , Muñoz-Torres Monica , Wiencko Heather 
Published: October 2016

Message from the ISCB: The Bioinformatics Open Source Conference (BOSC) is a yearly meeting organized by the Open Bioinformatics Foundation (OBF), a non-profit group dedicated to promoting the practice and philosophy of Open Source software development and Open Science within the biological research community. BOSC has been run since 2000 as a two-day Special Interest Group (SIG) before the annual ISMB conference. The 17th annual BOSC (http://www.open-bio.org/wiki/BOSC_2016) took place in Orlando, Florida in July 2016. As in previous years, the conference was preceded by a two-day collaborative coding event open to the bioinformatics community. The conference brought together nearly 100 bioinformatics researchers, developers and users of open source software to interact and share ideas about standards, bioinformatics software development, and open and reproducible science.
Personal reflection: A midwifery educator's revalidation experience
Authors: Clarke Elinor 
Published: October 2016

Elinor Clarke is a registered midwife, who works at Coventry University as a senior lecturer in midwifery. She successfully revalidated in April 2016. As of April 2016, midwives and nurses at all levels are required to undergo revalidation with the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC). The overall process is explained on the NMC website, but differs depending on the specific role of the individual. This article outlines the personal experience of a midwifery educator who revalidated this year, including tips for simplifying the revalidation process.
The NHS Heath Check screening and non-diabetic hyperglycaemia
Authors: Hudson Helen 
Published: October 2016

Around 5 million people are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the UK. Helen Hudson analyses the role of physical activity in reducing risk, and of the general practice-based NHS Health Check in identifying people who remain undiagnosed or have modifiable risk factors In 2015, Public Health England (PHE) predicted that 5 million people are at risk of developing diabetes in England, while Diabetes UK (2015) estimated that just under 550 000 people have undiagnosed type 2 diabetes. These figures demonstrate the importance of the role of the NHS Health Check screening programme. This article reviews the statistics, screening for non-diabetic hyperglycaemia and associated risk factors, as well as the rationale behind NHS Health Checks and their uptake, to date. It encourages practice nurses to provide advice to patients regarding the role of physical activity in reducing risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Assuring epidemiological safety for healthcare of patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Dedov Ivan I. , Briko Nikolay I. , Andrianova Ekaterina A. , Abramova Irina M. , Brusina Elena B. , Bunova Anna , Dementieva Larisa A. , Igonina Elena P. , Karpushkina Anna V. , Kravchuk Sergey V. , Laptev Dmitriy N. , Mayorov Alexander Y. , Panteleeva Ludmila G. , Pankratova Maria S. , Peterkova Valentina A. , Petryaykina Elena E. , Polibin Roman V. , Rybkina Irina G. , Shestopalova Tatiana N. 
Published: October 2016

Healthcare associated infections (HAI) — infections that patients develop during the course of receiving healthcare in hospitals, outpatient department and at home, out of healthcare facilities, and infection resulting from occupational exposure. Patients with diabetes are vulnerable to HAI. Infections increase metabolism problems in patients with diabetes; and vice versa, high blood glucose level increases risk of infections. For assuring epidemiological safety for patients with diabetes infection control must be provided for the following medical practices: insulin injections; blood glucose test; care of diabetes foot; intravascular catheterization and surgery. Any invasive procedures increase the HAI risk. HAI are most commonly transferred through direct and indirect contact with the infection. Some of the main HIA preventive practices: staff cleaning hands with alcohol based sanitizer, single use of medical gloves, single use of insulin needles and syringes. In health facilities only multiple users and multiple blood glucose monitoring devices must be used by health providers. The protocol of glucose blood testing should include detailed disinfection procedures and additional measures to decrease the risk of potentially transmitting disease between patients and between patients and providers. Health providers should have special skills to care of patients with diabetes foot to perform non-traumatic procedures and infections control practices. Proper hand hygiene and gloves use combined with effective aseptic technique before catheter insertion and maintenance protect against severe HAI. Risk of infections significantly decreases when single-dose antibiotic was used before surgery as antimicrobial prophylaxis. To disease risk of infections patients should be recommended to strictly control diabetes during the weeks before elective surgical procedures.
The Effect Of Intensive Keramba On The Presence Of Parasite Organisms In Rivers Of Lingsar Area
Authors: Supriadi Supriadi , Janah Maratun 
Published: October 2016

<p class="ListParagraph1">The application of intensive keramba in rivers could affect the presence of parasite organisms throughout the river downstream. The aims of this research are to find out the diversity of parasite species and the effect of intensive aquaculture method developed by the community on the presence of various parasitic organisms, particularly in the downstream area. A total of 65 Tilapia fish samples (O. niloticus) that was collected from 3 areas ( 15 samples from upstream, 25 samples in keramba and 25 samples from downstream areas) have been examined in the laboratory of Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, University of Mataram. Methods employed to identify parasites that infected fish samples are native method and flotation method. This research has identified 7 species of parasites which were divided into 2 groups: ectoparasites (<em>Trichodina</em> sp., <em>Amylodinium</em> sp., <em>Oogonium</em> sp., <em>Dactylogirus</em> sp., Trematode) and endoparasites (<em>Entamoeba</em> sp. dan <em>Camallanus</em> sp.). Diversity index calculation indicated that parasite organisms in upstream area were lower in number than that in the downstream and intensive karamba area (H’= (0,825; 1,596 dan 1.324 respectively). These data has showed there was a difference in species diversity and evenness index of parasite organisms in the upstream, downstream and intensive keramba area. In conclusion, there was significant influence of the application of intensive keramba on the appearance of various parasite organisms that could affect the sustainability of fish aquaculture.</p>
Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber L) As Immunostimulant and Its Effect on Lymphocyte Differentiation in Mice BALB/C
Authors: Kelik Marmi 
Published: October 2016

<p>Tapak liman (<em>Elephantopus scaber </em>L) is one of the plants that have medicinal properties and has been used for maintenance and improvement of health and disease treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of extracts of Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber L) as immunostimulant to the development of lymphocytes in mice BALB / C. The procedure of this study was to test aqueous extracts in vivo with various treatments (control, treatment of 0.5 g / kg, 1.0 g/ kg, 2.0 g / kg) in healthy mice BALB / C for 2 weeks. After the treatment carried out analysis of the percentage and number of cells that express CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+ CD8 + in thymus organ, using flowcytometry. Analysis of data using one-way ANOVA followed Tukey's test with SPSS. From the analysis showed that the extract of Tapak liman at various doses showed no significant effect on the percentage expression of CD4 + CD8 + and CD4 + CD8 + in thymus organs. While the analysis of the number of cells, extracts of Tapak liman show its effect on the number of cells that express CD4+, CD8 + and CD4 + CD8 + in thymus organs. Concentration of 1.0g / kg of mice showed a good effect on the increase in T helper cells (CD4 +), cytotoxic T cells (CD8 +) and Prothymosit cells (CD4 + CD8 +).</p>
Educar en filosofía para saber estar en la realidad jurídica.
Authors: Rojas González Gregorio 
Published: October 2016

Una pedagogía que no se fundamente sobre la reflexión rigurosa de lo que es la educación en su relación con la persona humana y del saber corre el riesgo de dejar por fuera aspectos importantes de orden metodológico y teleológico que falsean la ordenación de la conducta de la persona humana que el educador, el educando y la sociedad deben hacer mediante actos de razón. Por lo anterior, se emprende la presente reflexión en tres secciones: la primera recoge el estudio del primer eje de formación para el abogado que se propone como fundamento del proyecto educativo del Programa de Derecho (PEP) de la Universidad Católica de Colombia, denominada eje de formación filosófica; en la segunda parte, en línea con el pensamiento de Aristóteles, se muestra una reflexión sobre la Filosofía como un saber fundado en causas últimas mediante un método específico lógico-racional; en la tercera sección, se propone un método pedagógico para el proceso de formación del estudiante de la ciencia del Derecho.
Pluralismo jurídico, diversidad cultural, identidades, globalización y multiculturalismo : perspectiva desde la ciencia jurídica.
Authors: Llano Franco Jairo Vladimir 
Published: October 2016

El fenómeno de globalización por medio de las nuevas tecnologías y los medios masivos de comunicación ha impulsado las relaciones de forma más directa entre los ciudadanos y los colectivos, situación que ha determinado un contexto pluralista en términos culturales. De él se desprende el pluralismo jurídico como concepto que explica las múltiples prácticas jurídicas actuales y que, a la vez, se involucran en análisis de deliberaciones de la Ciencia Jurídica como el reconocimiento de la diversidad cultural de los Estados contemporáneos. Este se expresa por medio de pronunciamientos de tribunales constitucionales, las identidades culturales esenciales para configurar la ciudadanía y las críticas al multiculturalismo, que se encuentra más aliado con los intereses del mercado y del consumo que con un reconocimiento real de la diversidad cultural. Estos análisis, deliberaciones y reflexiones serán expuestos en el artículo.
Einfluss von Trainingseffekten auf die Parameteradaption für Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstellen in der Medizintechnik
Authors: Reischl Markus , Tuga Michele Rene , Meister Lena , Alberg Eduard , Doneit Wolfgang , Liebetanz David , Rupp Rüdiger , Mikut Ralf 
Published: October 2016

Zusammenfassung
Mensch-Maschine Schnittstellen in medizinischen Assistenzsystemen erfordern oftmals eine Anpassung ihrer Parameter an den
Nutzer. Allerdings existiert kein einheitliches Vorgehen hinsichtlich der Art, Weise und Häufigkeit der
Anpassungen. Einfache Systeme werden händisch kalibriert, komplizierte multimodale Steuerungen passen sich mitunter im
laufenden Betrieb an ihre Träger an. Über die Auswirkungen veränderter Parameter auf das menschliche Bedienverhalten ist
nur wenig bekannt. Deshalb wurde eine Studie durchgeführt, die drei Arten der Parameteranpassung vergleicht und die
Performanz von 20 Probanden spielerisch erfasst und bewertet. Es zeigt sich, dass eine Anpassung notwendig für die
intuitive Bedienbarkeit ist, dass das menschliche Lernverhalten aber großen Einfluss auf die Performanz hat und zu häufige
Parameteranpassungen nicht förderlich sind.
Early Response of Defense Related Genes to Secondary Downy Mildew Infection in Sunflower Line with Pl6 Gene
Authors: Ćurčić Nataša , Prokić Ljiljana , Škorić Dragan , Panković Dejana M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSunflower line with resistance for downy mildew (Ha-26R) and susceptible line (Ha-26S) were inoculated with the suspension of
Synthesis, Acidity and Catalytic of the Rare Earth Ce Loaded on the Composite Pore Zeolite Catalyst for Hydrogenation Cracking
Authors: Shi Chunwei , Wu Wenyuan , Bian Xue , Pei Mingyuan , Zhao Shanlin , Chen Ping 
Published: October 2016

AbstractComposite molecular sieve Y/SBA-15(C-Y) was prepared by microwave method, while Ce was loaded by ion exchange method to the composite molecular sieves (Ce-Y/SBA-15 (C-X)). Productive-type middle distillate hydrocracking catalyst was prepared from C-X and C-Y loaded. FI-IR, XPS, Pyridine IR, and TG-DTG had been used to characterize the C-X’s and C-Y’s structure and acidity. The results showed that Ce loaded not only had not broken the original structure of C-Y, but also improved silica alumina ratio of C-X, furthermore improved its total acid content. Through polarization and entrainment, Ce increased the skeleton and hydroxyl silicon aluminum hydroxy on electronic probability of migration to the cage, thus enhance the C-X’s B acid strength, make it more suitable for heavy oil processing. As compared with C-Y, the selectivity and yield of middle distillates over C-X was 0.7 % and 1.8 % higher, respectively. C-X have the greatest relief wax oil viscosity index, best once cracking selectivity, and lowest levels of diesel oil solidifying point in the three catalysts.
Kinetics of Extraction of Tributyl phosphate (TBP) from Aqueous Feed in Single Stage Air-sparged Mixing Unit
Authors: Lade Vikesh G. , Wankhede Prashil C. , Rathod Virendra K. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The mass transfer studies involving kinetics of extraction of Tributyl phosphate (TBP) saturated in 0.3 M nitric acid using different organic extractants viz. normal paraffinic hydrocarbon (NPH), kerosene, dodecane etc. have been performed in a novel air-sparged single stage mixing unit. Based on the mechanism, a simple kinetic model (analogous to first order) is proposed and experimental data was analyzed. The optimization studies including the effect of diluent, % TBP in NPH, Organic to Aqueous phase (O/A), air flowrate and the nitric acid concentration in aqueous phase have been performed. The experimental and modeled kinetic results suggest that the optimized conditions for the extraction of TBP (174 ppm to 65.5 ppm) from aqueous 0.3 M HNO3 feed are found to be, 3 % TBP in NPH as extracting solvent, O/A is 1/1 and volumetric air flowrate is 15 LPM. However, if pure NPH used as an extractant with these operating conditions 100 % removal can be obtained.
“Trolling is not stupid”: Internet trolling as the art of deception serving entertainment
Authors: Dynel Marta 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis paper aims to distill the essence of Internet trolling, a prevalent intercultural online communicative phenomenon which appears in many forms and guises. However, the label “trolling” tends to be (mis)used in reference to communicative practices which are not trolling in the traditional sense. It is argued that trolling necessarily relies on deception performed in multi-party interactions, which is conducive to (humorous) entertainment of self and/or other participants, at the expense of the deceived target. Taking data from email communications of the “DontEvenReply” troll, this account not only draws on the literature addressing the focal phenomenon but also integrates findings from several other fields of investigation (the philosophy of deception, humor theory, and the pragmatics of interaction) in order to demystify trolling.