bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural response to monetary incentives in acquired adolescent depression after mild traumatic brain injury: Stage 2 Registered Report
Authors: Hogeveen Jeremy , Campbell Ethan M , Mullins Teagan S , Robertson-Benta Cidney R , Quinn Davin K , Mayer Andrew R , Cavanagh James F 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Depression is a common consequence of traumatic brain injury. Separately, spontaneous depression—arising without brain injury—has been linked to abnormal responses in motivational neural circuitry to the anticipation or receipt of rewards. It is unknown if post-injury and spontaneously occurring depression share similar phenotypic profiles. This issue is compounded by the fact that nearly all examinations of these psychiatric sequelae are post hoc: there are rarely any prospective assessments of mood and neural functioning before and after a brain injury. In this Stage 2 Registered Report, we used the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Consortium dataset to examine if a disruption in functional neural responses to rewards is present in patients with depression after a mild traumatic brain injury. Notably, this study provides an unparalleled opportunity to examine the trajectory of neuropsychiatric symptoms longitudinally within-subjects. This allowed us to isolate mild traumatic brain injury-specific variance independent from pre-existing functioning. Here, we focus on a case-control comparison between 43 youth who experienced a mild traumatic brain injury between MRI visits, and 43 well-matched controls. Contrary to pre-registered predictions (https://osf.io/h5uba/), there was no statistically credible increase in depression in mild traumatic brain injury cases relative to controls. Mild traumatic brain injury was associated with subtle changes in motivational neural circuit recruitment during the anticipation of incentives on the Monetary Incentive Delay paradigm. Specifically, changes in neural recruitment appeared to reflect a failure to deactivate ‘task-negative’ brain regions (ventromedial prefrontal cortex), alongside blunted recruitment of ‘task-positive’ regions (anterior cingulate, anterior insula and caudate), during the anticipation of reward and loss in adolescents following mild brain injuries. Critically, these changes in brain activity were not correlated with depressive symptoms at either visit or depression change scores before and after the brain injury. Increased time since injury was associated with a recovery of cognitive functioning—driven primarily by processing speed differences—but depression did not scale with time since injury. These cognitive changes were also uncorrelated with neural changes after mild traumatic brain injury. This report provides evidence that acquired depression may not be observed as commonly after a mild traumatic brain injury in late childhood and early adolescence, relative to findings in adult cases. Several reasons for these differing findings are considered, including sampling enrichment in retrospective cohort studies, under-reporting of depressive symptoms in parent-report data, and neuroprotective factors in childhood and adolescence.
Visual mismatch negativity in Parkinson's psychosis and potential for testing treatment mechanisms
Authors: Vignando Miriam , ffytche Dominic , Mazibuko Ndabezinhle , Palma Giulio , Montagnese Marcella , Dave Sonali , Nutt David J , Gabay Anthony S , Tai Yen F , Batzu Lucia , Leta Valentina , Williams Gray Caroline H , Chaudhuri K Ray , Mehta Mitul A 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Psychosis and visual hallucinations are a prevalent non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease, negatively affecting patients’ quality of life and constituting a greater risk for dementia. Understanding neural mechanisms associated to these symptoms is instrumental for treatment development. The mismatch negativity is an event-related potential evoked by a violation in a sequence of sensory events. It is widely considered an index of sensory change-detection. Reduced mismatch negativity response is one of the most replicated results in schizophrenia and has been suggested to be a superior psychosis marker. To understand whether this event-related potential component could be a similarly robust marker for Parkinson's psychosis, we used electroencephalography with a change-detection task to study the mismatch negativity in the visual modality in 20 participants with Parkinson's and visual hallucinations and 18 matched Parkinson's participants without hallucinations. We find that visual mismatch negativity is clearly present in participants with Parkinson’s disease without hallucinations at both parieto-occipital and frontal sites, whereas participants with Parkinson's and visual hallucinations show reduced or no differences in the two waveforms, confirming the sensitivity of mismatch negativity to psychosis, even within the same diagnostic group. We also explored the relationship between hallucination severity and visual mismatch negativity amplitude, finding a negative correlation between visual hallucinations severity scores and visual mismatch negativity amplitude at a central frontal and a parieto-occipital electrodes, whereby the more severe or complex (illusions, formed visual hallucinations) the symptoms the smaller the amplitude. We have also tested the potential role of the serotonergic 5-HT2A cascade in visual hallucinations in Parkinson's with these symptoms, following the receptor trafficking hypothesis. We did so with a pilot study in healthy controls (N = 18) providing support for the role of the Gi/o-dependent pathway in the psychedelic effect and a case series in participants with Parkinson's and visual hallucinations (N = 5) using a double-blind crossover design. Positive results on psychosis scores and mismatch amplitude add further to the potential role of serotonergic modulation of visual hallucinations in Parkinson's disease.
Sex and gender differences in health-related quality of life in individuals treated with incremental and conventional hemodialysis
Authors: Riehl-Tonn Victoria J , MacRae Jennifer M , Dumanski Sandra M , Elliott Meghan J , Pannu Neesh , Schick-Makaroff Kara , Drall Kelsea , Norris Colleen , Nerenberg Kara A , Pilote Louise , Behlouli Hassan , Gantar Taryn , Ahmed Sofia B 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Women treated with hemodialysis report lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL) compared with men. Whether this is related to sex-specific (biological) (e.g. under-dialysis due to body composition differences) or gender-specific (sociocultural) factors (e.g. greater domestic/caregiver responsibilities for women) is unknown. We examined the association between sex assigned at birth, gender score and HRQoL in individuals initiating conventional and incremental hemodialysis.

Methods
In this prospective multi-center cohort study, incident adult hemodialysis patients were recruited between 1 June 2020 and 30 April 2022 in Alberta, Canada. Sex assigned at birth and gender identity were self-reported. Gender-related characteristics were assessed by self-administered questionnaire to derive a composite measure of gender. The primary outcome was change in Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36 physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) component scores after 3 months of hemodialysis.

Results
Sixty participants were enrolled (conventional hemodialysis: 14 female, 19 male; incremental hemodialysis: 12 female, 15 male). PCS improved from baseline with conventional (P = .01) but not incremental (P = .52) hemodialysis in female participants. No difference in MCS was observed by hemodialysis type in female participants. Gender score was not associated with changes in PCS in female participants, irrespective of hemodialysis type. Higher gender score was associated with increased MCS with incremental (P = .04), but not conventional (P = .14), hemodialysis (P = .03 conventional vs incremental) in female participants. No change in PCS or MCS was seen in male participants, irrespective of hemodialysis type or gender score.

Conclusion
In this exploratory study, conventional hemodialysis was associated with improved PCS in female participants, while incremental hemodialysis was associated with improved MCS in female participants with more roles and responsibilities traditionally ascribed to women. Large prospective studies are required to further investigate these relationships.
Fundamental Patterns of Structural Evolution Revealed by Chromosome-Length Genomes of Cactophilic Drosophila
Authors: Benowitz Kyle M , Allan Carson W , Jaworski Coline C , Sanderson Michael J , Diaz Fernando , Chen Xingsen , Matzkin Luciano M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A thorough understanding of adaptation and speciation requires model organisms with both a history of ecological and phenotypic study as well as a complete set of genomic resources. In particular, high-quality genome assemblies of ecological model organisms are needed to assess the evolution of genome structure and its role in adaptation and speciation. Here, we generate new genomes of cactophilic Drosophila, a crucial model clade for understanding speciation and ecological adaptation in xeric environments. We generated chromosome-level genome assemblies and complete annotations for seven populations across Drosophila mojavensis, Drosophila arizonae, and Drosophila navojoa. We use these data first to establish the most robust phylogeny for this clade to date, and to assess patterns of molecular evolution across the phylogeny, showing concordance with a priori hypotheses regarding adaptive genes in this system. We then show that structural evolution occurs at constant rate across the phylogeny, varies by chromosome, and is correlated with molecular evolution. These results advance the understanding of the D. mojavensis clade by demonstrating core evolutionary genetic patterns and integrating those patterns to generate new gene-level hypotheses regarding adaptation. Our data are presented in a new public database (cactusflybase.arizona.edu), providing one of the most in-depth resources for the analysis of inter- and intraspecific evolutionary genomic data. Furthermore, we anticipate that the patterns of structural evolution identified here will serve as a baseline for future comparative studies to identify the factors that influence the evolution of genome structure across taxa.
Breathomics: may it become an affordable, new tool for early diagnosis of non-small-cell lung cancer? An exploratory study on a cohort of 60 patients
Authors: Brascia Debora , De Iaco Giulia , Panza Teodora , Signore Francesca , Carleo Graziana , Zang Wenzhe , Sharma Ruchi , Riahi Pamela , Scott Jared , Fan Xudong , Marulli Giuseppe 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Analysis of breath, specifically the patterns of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), has shown the potential to distinguish between patients with lung cancer (LC) and healthy individuals (HC). However, the current technology relies on complex, expensive and low throughput analytical platforms, which provide an offline response, making it unsuitable for mass screening. A new portable device has been developed to enable fast and on-site LC diagnosis, and its reliability is being tested.

METHODS
Breath samples were collected from patients with histologically proven non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and healthy controls using Tedlar bags and a Nafion filter attached to a one-way mouthpiece. These samples were then analysed using an automated micro portable gas chromatography device that was developed in-house. The device consisted of a thermal desorption tube, thermal injector, separation column, photoionization detector, as well as other accessories such as pumps, valves and a helium cartridge. The resulting chromatograms were analysed using both chemometrics and machine learning techniques.

RESULTS
Thirty NSCLC patients and 30 HC entered the study. After a training set (20 NSCLC and 20 HC) and a testing set (10 NSCLC and 10 HC), an overall specificity of 83.3%, a sensitivity of 86.7% and an accuracy of 85.0% to identify NSCLC patients were found based on 3 VOCs.

CONCLUSIONS
These results are a significant step towards creating a low-cost, user-friendly and accessible tool for rapid on-site LC screening.

CLINICAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06034730.
Impact of three-dimensional imaging and printing on septal myectomy results—single centre’s experience
Authors: Andrushchuk Uladzimir , Niavyhlas Artsem , Adzintsou Vitali , Tretsiakou Dzmitry , Zakharava Helena , Seuruk Tatsjana , Ustinava Iraida , Kurganovich Svetlana , Aleinikava Viktoryia , Shchatsinka Mikalai , Kocańda Szymon 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
To assess changes in the results of septal myectomy (SM) following introduction of three-dimensional (3D) imaging and 3D printing in surgical interventions planning and performing in the single-centre settings.

METHODS
Between January 2007 and March 2022, 268 consecutive symptomatic patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and peak pressure gradient at obstruction area ≥50 mmHg underwent conventional SM (n = 112) or SM with heart 3D modelling (n = 156).

RESULTS
For comparative analysis, we used propensity score matching (PSM) by 14 variables and there were formed group 1PSM (conventional SM, n = 77) and group 2PSM (3D-modelled SM, n = 77). It was noted for group 2PSM: larger mean resected myocardium mass [10.0 (standard deviation 4.3) vs 5.2 (standard deviation 2.7) g], P &lt; 0.001, no mitral valve replacement cases [0 vs 28 (36.4%), P &lt; 0.001], no iatrogenic ventricular septal defects cases [0 vs 6 (7.8%), P = 0.028], lower rate of major complications [6 (7.8%) vs 17 (22.1%), P = 0.011], smaller residual peak systolic gradient at the obstruction level [7.0 (5.0–9.0) vs 11.0 (7.0–16.0) mmHg, P &lt; 0.001]. During the long-term follow-up, it was noted for group 2PSM as compared to group 1PSM: lower 5-year cumulative incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events [3.8% (95% confidence interval 0.7–11.7%) vs 16.9% (9.5–26.1%), P = 0.007] and cardiac-related death [3.8% (95% confidence interval 0.7–11.7%) vs 13% (95% confidence interval 6.6–21.6%), P = 0.05].

CONCLUSIONS
SM based on 3D virtual and printed heart models is more effective than conventional SM.
Stripe charge order and its interaction with Majorana bound states in 2M-WS2 topological superconductors
Authors: Fan Xuemin , Sun Xiao-Qi , Zhu Penghao , Fang Yuqiang , Ju Yongkang , Yuan Yonghao , Yan Jingming , Huang Fuqiang , Hughes Taylor L , Tang Peizhe , Xue Qi-Kun , Li Wei 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
To achieve logic operations via Majorana braiding, positional control of the Majorana bound states (MBSs) must be established. Here we report the observation of a striped surface charge order coexisting with superconductivity and its interaction with the MBS in the topological superconductor 2M-WS2, using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy. By applying an out-of-plane magnetic field, we observe that MBSs are absent in vortices in the region with stripe order. This is in contrast to adjacent underlaying layers without charge order, where vortex-bound MBSs are observed. Via theoretical simulations, we show that the surface stripe order does not destroy the bulk topology, but it can effectively modify the spatial distribution of MBSs, i.e. it pushes them downward, away from the 2M-WS2 surface. Our findings demonstrate that the interplay of charge order and topological superconductivity can potentially be used to tune the positions of MBSs, and to explore new states of matter.
The Association Between Social Support and Trying Smoking Among Rural Adolescents in Rural Western China: The Intermediary Role of Mental Health Problems and Life Satisfaction
Authors: Yuanyi Ji , Yongzhong Cheng , Ting Yang , Jing Zhang , Qiaolan Liu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Most adult smokers develop their addiction by trying smoking during adolescence. Elucidation of the psychosocial mechanisms underlying smoking initiation may be crucial for the prevention of adolescent tobacco use. The study aimed to identify key psychosocial factors to provide a scientific basis for preventing and reducing the occurrence of initial smoking behavior among adolescents.

Methods
A total of 2671 students from rural middle schools in western China were surveyed three times as part of a 2-year longitudinal study. The adolescent health questionnaire included the Global Youth Tobacco Survey, the Mental Health Inventory of Middle School Students, the Social Support Rating Scale, and the Adolescent Life Satisfaction Scale. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the direct or indirect relationships between smoking initiation and psychosocial factors.

Results
The prevalence of trying smoking among adolescents was 28.3%, with boys (38.3%) having a higher rate than girls (19.7%; p &lt; .05). Mental health problems were positively associated with trying smoking (β = 0.112, p &lt; .05). Greater life satisfaction had a negative direct effect on trying smoking (β = −0.125, p &lt; .05) and also played a mediating role in the relationship between mental health problems and trying smoking (β = 0.016, 95% CI = 0.008 to 0.025), accounting for 20.7% of the total effect. Social support had a full mediating effect on smoking initiation through both mental health problems and life satisfaction (β = −0.022, 95% CI = −0.028 to −0.016).

Conclusions
The behavior of young people who try smoking is associated with complex psychosocial factors. Interventions aimed at preventing adolescent tobacco use should prioritize the provision of social support and the promotion of life satisfaction.

Implications
The study elucidated the direct and indirect relationships between psychosocial factors and trying smoking behavior. To prevent adolescents from trying smoking, it is essential to intervene through external social support and internal development of mental health and well-being to improve adolescents’ social support, increase their life satisfaction, and maintain their mental health.
Production Cross-Sections of Residual Nuclides from 93Zr + p at 27 MeV/nucleon
Authors: Hwang Jongwon , Chillery Thomas , Dozono Masanori , Imai Nobuaki , Michimasa Shin’ichiro , Sumikama Toshiyuki , Chiga Nobuyuki , Ota Shinsuke , Nakayama Shinsuke , Ahn Deuk Soon , Beliuskina Olga , Chikaato Kazuya , Fukuda Naoki , Hayakawa Seiya , Ideguchi Eiji , Iribe Kotaro , Iwamoto Chihiro , Kawase Shoichiro , Kawata Keita , Kitamura Noritaka , Kusaka Kensuke , Masuoka Shoichiro , Miki Hareru , Miyatake Hiroari , Nagae Daisuke , Nakajima Ryo , Nakano Keita , Ohtake Masao , Omika Shunichiro , Ong Hooi Jin , Otsu Hideaki , Sakurai Hiroyoshi , Schrock Philipp , Shimizu Hideki , Shimizu Yohei , Sun Xiaohui , Suzuki Daisuke , Suzuki Hiroshi , Takaki Motonobu , Takechi Maya , Takeda Hiroyuki , Takeuchi Satoshi , Teranishi Takashi , Tsunoda Rieko , Wang He , Watanabe Yukinobu , Watanabe Yutaka X , Wimmer Kathrin , Yako Kentaro , Yamada Hiroki , Yamada Kazunari , Yamaguchi Hidetoshi , Yang Lei , Yanagihara Rikuto , Yanagisawa Yoshiyuki , Yoshida Hiroya , Yoshida Koichi , Shimoura Susumu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Nuclear transmutation is emerging as a promising approach for reprocessing high-level waste, specifically treating long-lived nuclides like $^{93}$Zr from spent fuel. It is essential to accumulate reaction data for these nuclei to advance this prominent treatment and to build a comprehensive understanding of reaction mechanisms. In this study, the residual production cross-sections resulting from proton-induced reactions on $^{93}$Zr were measured at 27 MeV/nucleon in inverse kinematics. At the RI Beam Factory (RIBF), the Optimized Energy Degrading Optics beamline was used to deduce production cross-sections for isotopes $^{91-93}$Nb, $^{91,92}$Zr, and $^{88,89}$Y. Comparing the results from this study and prior research with calculated excitation functions, a moderate agreement is found with theoretical predictions derived from TALYS and CCONE. The measured cross-sections offer valuable insights for future considerations in nuclear-waste treatment facilities. This is particularly relevant for facilities exploring innovative methods, such as accelerator-driven systems.
Families of austerity: benefit cutbacks and family stress in the UK
Authors: Mari Gabriele , Keizer Renske 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Benefit cutbacks have been prominent after the Great Recession. The Family Economic Stress Model (FESM) theorizes how financial losses such as those spurred by cutbacks might adversely affect parental and child well-being. Yet, few links with policy have been established. We extend current knowledge by comprehensively assessing how benefits cutbacks may affect parents and their adolescent children. We rely on the first ten waves of the UK Household Longitudinal Study (2009–2019) and an event-study approach to examine the aftermath of an exceptional raft of benefit cutbacks. We find that mothers with lower incomes and single mothers accumulated losses equal to 20–30 percent of their household benefit income. Mothers could not fully compensate for such benefit income losses via their extra earnings, despite increased workforce participation. Financial worries, some forms of material hardship, and mental health worsened among mothers with lower incomes and single mothers exposed to cutbacks. Adolescent socio-emotional difficulties also increased in the period. We find little evidence, though, that cutbacks disrupted parenting. Parents thus display more agency than that accorded by the FESM. Nonetheless, findings point to deepening socioeconomic divides in financial and mental well-being, questioning the rationale for cutbacks.
Cell-based therapy in the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases
Authors: Trapana Justin , Weinerman Jonathan , Lee Danny , Sedani Anil , Constantinescu David , Best Thomas M , Hornicek Francis J , Hare Joshua M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A limited number of tissues can spontaneously regenerate following injury, and even fewer can regenerate to a state comparable to mature, healthy adult tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were first described in the 1960s-1970s by Friedenstein et al as a small population of bone marrow cells with osteogenic potential and abilities to differentiate into chondrocytes. In 1991, Arnold Caplan coined the term “mesenchymal cells” after identifying these cells as a theoretical precursor to bone, cartilage, tendon, ligament, marrow stroma, adipocyte, dermis, muscle, and connective tissues. MSCs are derived from periosteum, fat, and muscle. Another attractive property of MSCs is their immunoregulatory and regenerative properties, which result from crosstalk with their microenvironment and components of the innate immune system. Collectively, these properties make MSCs potentially attractive for various therapeutic purposes. MSCs offer potential in sports medicine, aiding in muscle recovery, meniscal tears, and tendon and ligament injuries. In joint disease, MSCs have the potential for chondrogenesis and reversing the effects of osteoarthritis. MSCs have also demonstrated potential application to the treatment of degenerative disc disease of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine.