bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public health implications of antibiotic resistance in sewage water: an epidemiological perspective
Authors: Rahim Kashif , Nawaz Muhammad Naveed , Almehmadi Mazen , Alsuwat Meshari A. , Liu Luo , Yu Changyuan , Khan Shahin Shah 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe emergence and rapid spread of antibiotic resistance pose a major threat to global health, attributing to misuse and overuse of antibiotics resulting in antibiotics-resistant bacteria through natural mutation or transfer of resistance genes. A cross-sectional study was carried out, in which a total of 36 samples were systematically collected; of these, 26 were derived from the wastewater efflux and 10 from the receiving waters at several critical junctures along the Sutlej River. Herein, this study elucidated elevated levels of antibiotic resistance among bacterial isolates sourced from urban wastewater. Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the highest at 90% among the isolates, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) at 58%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) at 55%, and Salmonella spp. at 53%. Many antibiotics were found to be more resistant including Ciproflaxacin, Co-Trimaxazole, Ampicillin and Tetracycline. Several antibiotic-resistance genes were found in isolated bacterial spp., such as Aminoglycosides (aadA), Sulfonamides (Sul1, Sul3), Tetracyclines (Tet (A/B/D)) and Cephalosporins (Bla_CTM X) at 41%, 35%, 29% and 12% respectively. Furthermore, the development of innovative wastewater treatment models and surveillance programs are crucial to counteract the dissemination of antibiotic resistance. To investigate the genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance, molecular analysis was performed, including DNA isolation, PCR amplification, and sequence analysis. The study helps investigate a diverse range of ARBs and ARGs in wastewater, which highlights the need of better laws for antibiotic usage and wastewater treatment processes. This investigation also stresses on regular monitoring of ARBs and ARGs in sewage wastewater. Through proactive interventions and sustained scientific inquiry, we can strive toward preserving environmental integrity and public health for successive generations.
Graphical Abstract
Non-antibiotic feed additives production by Acremonium terricola solid-fermented Camellia oleifera meal
Authors: Zhang Peng , Xiong Ying , Bi Luanluan , Zhong Haiyan , Ren Jiali , Zhou Bo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Camellia oleifera meal (COM), a primary byproduct of oil-tea processing, often being discarded or used as a low-grade fertilizer due to its low value. The underutilization has become a significant bottleneck hindering the high-quality development of the oil-tea industry. In this study, the production of antibiotic-free feed additives through the solid-state fermentation of COM by Acremonium terricola was investigated. Our findings revealed that a saponin concentration of 5 mg/mL significantly enhanced the production of cordycepic acid (70.4 mg/g), ergosterol (3.32 mg/g), and chitin (110 mg/g) by A. terricola. This concentration also promoted chitin production and the activities of peroxidase (POD) and Na+/K+-ATPase, thereby maintaining cellular homeostasis and energy balance in A. terricola. Solid-state fermented rice bran (RB), wheat bran (WB), and desaponificated COM (containing 2.6 mg/100 g of tea saponin) were all found to be beneficial for increasing the production of cordycepic acid and ergosterol. The blend of COM, RB, and WB in the ratio of 15:65:20 was particularly advantageous for the production and accumulation of cordycepic acid and ergosterol, yielding 1.54 and 1.43 times, 1.27 and 1.37 times, and 1.98 and 5.52 times more than those produced by WB, RB, and COM alone, respectively.Meantime, the difference in contents of sugar and protein in A. terricola cultures (ATCs) using combination were not significant compared to RB and WB. These results indicated that COM can partially replace foodstuffs or food by-products to prepare antibiotic-free feed additives by A. terricola.
Graphical Abstract
Weakening of the state by occupying more lands: evidence from the Five Dynasties
Authors: Li Li , He Shengyu , Ji Ruixin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCan wars truly build states and rationalize their structures? This study focuses on the administrative origin of state-building and finds historical evidence that seems contrary to the idea of "war-making states". As states acquire more territory, they become increasingly vulnerable to setbacks in subsequent military activities, even when facing state failure or demise. Drawing upon geospatial data spanning from 906 to 969 AD during Chinas Five Dynasties and utilizing a difference-in-differences method, our study reveals that (1) states did not progressively expand in size due to continuous warfare, and (2) larger territorial acquisitions were associated with decreased probabilities of state survival, as expanding net territorial areas corresponded to higher likelihoods of state failure in the following years. (3) The relationship between civilian and military systems within a state profoundly impacts the validity of the "war-making states" hypothesis. This study highlights that war makes states more susceptible to collapse if the military system dominates the civilian bureaucracy. Conversely, if the civilian system controls the military and forms a centralized regime, the "war-making states" hypothesis holds true. These findings revise the prevailing hypothesis of "war-making states" in historical sociology, showing that the "war-making states" hypothesis depends on a specific political structure and bureaucratic system.
Assessing the effects of interprofessional education by hospital pharmacists on pharmaceutical students using a self-evaluation scale
Authors: Aizawa Fuka , Hamano Hirofumi , Okada Naoto , Yagi Kenta , Goda Mitsuhiro , Nawa Hideki , Horinouchi Yuya , Nakamura Toshimi , Hakuno Harumasa , Shinomiya Kazuaki , Zamami Yoshito , Azuma Masahiko , Akaike Masashi , Ishizawa Keisuke 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Understanding the roles and competencies of professions outside of one’s specialty is essential for providing efficient healthcare. However, it is difficult for medical professionals to understand the roles and competencies of other related professions while performing their duties. This study examined the impact of clinical practice-based interprofessional education (IPE) on pharmacy students, who are future medical professionals.

Methods
Sixty-eight pharmaceutical students undergoing clinical practice were divided into non-IPE or IPE groups, with the IPE group attending an educational program with medical students conducted by doctors, pharmacists, and teachers during the clinical practice period. The effect was evaluated through a group survey using self-administered questionnaires focusing on contributing to multidisciplinary team medicine based on the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale. The survey included specific behavioral objectives (SBOs), the Readiness for Interpersonal Learning Scale (RIPLS), and Kikuchi’s Scale of Social Skills (KiSS-18).

Results
Regardless of group, SBOs [non-IPE: 3.2, 95% CI (2.6–3.8), p < 0.001; IPE: 3.7, 95% CI (2.5–4.9), p < 0.001] and social skills [non-IPE: 4.0, 95% CI (2.5–6.1), p < 0.001; IPE: 6.7 95% CI (3.0–10.4), p < 0.001] showed improvement after the clinical practice. In RIPLS Factor 3, pharmacy students with IPE awareness scored significantly higher by 1.5 points [95% CI (0.2–2.8), p = 0.025] post-practice than those without IPE awareness.

Conclusions
This study suggests that IPE for students during clinical practice could enhance their expertise in multidisciplinary medicine and facilitate the development of seamless team care in the future.

Trial registration
This study was retrospectively registered and conducted in compliance with the “Ethical Guidelines for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects” and was approved by The Ethics Committee of Tokushima University Hospital (approval number: 3544).
A randomized pragmatic feasibility trial to promote student perspective-taking on client physical activity level: a collaborative project
Authors: Hoplock Lisa B. , Lobchuk Michelle M. , Strachan Shaelyn M. , Halas Gayle , Olfert Cheryl , Webber Sandra , Parsons Joanne L. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Health-care practitioners have opportunities to talk with clients about unhealthy behaviors. How practitioners approach these conversations involves skill to be effective. Thus, teaching health-care students to communicate empathetically with clients should promote effective client-practitioner conversations about health behavior change. The primary objective of this pilot trial was to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness of a theoretically informed intervention designed to improve perspective-taking.

Methods
For inclusion in this randomized mixed-methods parallel two-arm trial, participants needed to be a student at the investigators’ Canadian university and have completed course content on behavior change communication. Using a 1:1 allocation ratio, participants in Respiratory, Physical, and Occupational Therapy; Nurse Practitioner; and Kinesiology programs were randomly assigned to full or partial intervention conditions. Full intervention participants completed a perspective-taking workshop and practiced perspective-taking prior to an in-lab dialogue with a client-actor (masked to condition) about physical activity. Partial intervention participants received the workshop after the dialogue. We assessed feasibility and appropriateness by comparing recruitment rates, protocol, and psychometric outcomes to criteria. We assessed acceptability (secondary outcome) by analyzing exit interviews.

Results
We screened and randomized 163 participants (82 = full intervention; 81 = partial intervention). We fell slightly short of our recruitment success criteria (10–15 participants per program) when 2/50 Occupational Therapy students participated. We met some but not all of our protocol criteria: Some full intervention participants did not practice perspective-taking before the dialogue, because they did not see anyone during the practice period or did not have a practice opportunity. Psychometric outcomes met the criteria, except for one measure that demonstrated ceiling effects and low reliability (Cronbach’s alpha < .70). There were no adverse events related to participation.

Conclusions
The intervention should be largely feasible, appropriate, and acceptable to deliver. We suggest changes that are large enough to warrant conducting another pilot study. We outline recommended improvements that are applicable to researchers and educators interested in recruitment, adherence to home practice, and online uptake of the intervention.

Trial registration
This trial was registered retrospectively on November 8, 2023, at https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06123507.
A successful combined spinal-epidural anesthesia for cesarean section in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1-associated dural ectasia
Authors: Taka Hitomi , Kusama Nobuyoshi , Sakamoto Minami , Sasano Nobuko , Tanaka Motoshi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Dural ectasia is a common manifestation of neurofibromatosis type 1. Although there have been reports of unsuccessful spinal anesthesia due to dual ectasia in Marfan syndrome, reports describing similar unsuccessful spinal anesthesia in neurofibromatosis type 1 are lacking.

Case presentation
A parturient with neurofibromatosis type 1 was scheduled for a repeat cesarean section. During a previous cesarean section, she had experienced a failed spinal anesthesia, which resulted in a conversion to general anesthesia. Preoperative lumbar magnetic resonance imaging revealed dural ectasia, which was speculated to be the cause of the previous spinal anesthesia failure. Therefore, combined spinal-epidural anesthesia was implemented. Because the block level of spinal anesthesia was insufficient as predicted, supplemental administration of epidural anesthesia successfully provided adequate analgesia for the surgery.

Conclusions
Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia can be useful for the management of cesarean sections in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1-associated dural ectasia.
Survey analysis of workplace violence among public healthcare workers in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Pidada Ida Bagus Gede Surya Putra , Wahab Abdul 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Workplace violence in the healthcare sector has become a global issue that poses a threat to the safety and well-being of healthcare staff. This study aims to understand and analyze workplace violence experienced by public healthcare workers in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Results
This is an observational analytical descriptive study using a cross-sectional design across 482 healthcare workers from 7 general public hospitals taken through stratified random sampling with a standardized questionnaire. The surveys found that 65 from 482 healthcare workers (13.6%) admitted to experiencing physical violence, verbal abuse, bullying, and/or sexual harassment. It is most prevalent among nurses, with the majority occurring in the emergency department ward. Verbal abuse is the most common type, mainly perpetrated by patients’ relatives. Most workers who experience violence take no action. In the bivariate analysis, there was a significant relationship between professions (p = 0.045) and their workplace (p < 0.001) with workers experiencing violence. No significant relationships were found regarding age, gender, marital status, duration of work, and years of service.

Conclusions
A low prevalence of workplace violence was noted in public hospitals in Yogyakarta, suggesting that underreporting might be a major concern. Nurses and the emergency department are the most vulnerable and thus need more urgent interventions. Further research should focus on private hospitals and more effective preventive and responsive measures.
The diagnosis of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in a SARS-CoV-2-infected patient should be confirmed by brain biopsy or autopsy
Authors: Mehri Sounira , Finsterer Josef 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis letter to the Editor discusses the case of a 73-year-old male with mild SARS-CoV-2 infection who one month later developed rapidly progressive cognitive decline, and imaging findings suggestive of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD). The diagnosis of sporadic CJD was made on the basis of clinical presentation (rapidly progressive decline, depression, gait disturbance, incontinence, mutism), cerebral MRI (small infarcts, atrophy), hybrid FDG-PET (putaminal and thalamic diffusion restriction, bifrontal hypometabolism), and elevated 14-3-3 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Despite administration of glucocorticoids, the patient died three months after the onset of symptoms. No autopsy was performed. This case raises the question of a possible link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the subsequent development of CJD-like syndromes, which warrants further investigation.
Kidney transplant artery and vein stenting: 15-year follow-up
Authors: Peregrin Jan H. , Vedlich Daniel , Viklický Ondřej 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
We would like to present an unusual case of simultaneous stenosis of renal graft artery and vein diagnosed four months after transplantation. both treated by stent placement. Our aim is to point at the fact that renal graft venous stenosis is very rarely reported in the literature and – as it is not easy to diagnose by routine US - it could be overlooked. If early detected it can be treated by stent placement.

Case presentation
We present a case of 36-old-male with renal failure who received a kidney graft from deceased donor. The patient experienced delayed graft function. No rejection was found in the biopsy. Four months after transplantation the kidney function deteriorated to sCr 280 µmol/l. Graft artery stenosis together with graft vein stenosis was revealed. Both lesions were dilated with stent placement, the graft function returned to 230 µmol/l and became stable for 10 years. Ten years after stent placement graft function deteriorated to 300 µmol/l. An in stent restenosis of arterial stent was detected. It was successfully dilated by the balloon, the graft function returned to 230 µmol/l and stays stable for another 5 years.

Conclusions
An unusual simultaneous transplanted kidney artery and vein stenosis treated by stent placement is presented. The patient had stable graft function for 15 years after the procedure with one re-intervention on arterial stent.
Evaluation of the balance system in amateur kickboxers
Authors: Karaman Ebru , Aksu Büşra , Çögen Talha , Ataş Ahmet 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Kickboxing is defined as an eclectic combat sport created by combining close combat practices. While the effect of kickboxing on balance function may seem evident, controlled studies that investigate the impact of kickboxing on static and dynamic balance using objective tests are limited.

Objective
The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of kickboxing on the development of static and dynamic balance in amateur kickboxers using objective tests. Specifically, we sought to assess how kickboxing training influences postural abilities and balance systems.

Methods
A total of 20 amateur kickboxers between ages 18 and 26 years (mean age, 21.6 ± 5.65 years) and 20 healthy subjects between ages 19 and 25 years (mean age, 21.3 ± 1.41 years) who had no previous experience with kickbox sports training were recruited. The sensory organization test (SOT), adaptation test (ADT), limit of stability (LOS), rhythmic weight shift (RWS) test, weight bearing/squat (WBS) test, and unilateral stance (US) test of the computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) were used to evaluate both groups. All these subtest results were compared between amateur kickboxers and the control group. All subtest results were compared between amateur kickboxers and the control group using independent sample t-tests. An alpha level of 0.05 was set for statistical significance.

Results
A statistically significant difference was found in the weight bearing/squat (WBS) and limit of stability (LOS) subtest results of the CDP between amateur kickboxers and the control group compared to the control group in amateur kickboxers (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
An increase in LOS and WBS skills was observed in the amateur kickboxers who participated in this study when compared to similar-aged individuals who did not participate in kickboxing. These balance differences may be greater in more elite-level kickboxers who have trained for longer. In addition, other balance parameters may also improve with longer periods of exposure and increasing skill complexity performed at more elite levels.
Improvements of right ventricular function after intervention with CPAP in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: Murphy Greg , Coss Peter , King Gerard , Coyle Mark , McLaughlin Anne-Marie , Murphy Ross 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is present in 40–80% of patients with cardiovascular morbidity and is associated with adverse effects on cardiovascular health. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) maintains airway patency during sleep and is hypothesised to improve cardiac function. In the present study, we report on the impact of 12 weeks of CPAP and improvements in echocardiographic parameters of the right ventricle (RV).

Methods
Nineteen newly diagnosed patients with OSA and a respiratory disturbance index (RDI) greater than 10 were enrolled. Echocardiography was performed before treatment and with a follow-up assessment after 12 weeks of CPAP. Echocardiographic and Doppler measurements were made following the American Society for Echocardiography guidelines. The primary outcome was isovolumetric acceleration (IVA). Secondary outcomes include tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), fractional area change (FAC), RV % strain, TEI index and RV dimension (RVD1).

Results
There was significant improvement in isovolumetric acceleration of 0.5ms2 (P = 0.0012 (95% CI -0.72, -0.20)) and significant improvement of 2.05 mm in TAPSE (p = 0.0379 (95% CI -3.98 - -0.13). There was no significant difference in FAC, RV % strain, TEI index or RVD1 with twelve weeks of CPAP therapy.

Conclusion
The present study highlights significant improvement in TAPSE and IVA with 12 weeks of CPAP treatment and no significant improvement in FAC, RVD1 and RV % strain. These data indicate favourable characteristics on both load dependent and load independent markers of RV function with CPAP.
Understanding the hydrocarbon accumulation process in deep-ultradeep oil and gas reservoirs in complex structural areas — The Qixia Formation in the Shuangyushi structure in the Northwestern Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Li Qiufen , Tongshan Wang , Tan Cong , Li Yongxin , Sun Qisen , Liu Ce , Yuan Miao 
Published: October 2024

Deep-ultradeep oil and gas reservoirs in complex structural areas have typically undergone multistage tectonic processes that have a considerable influence on the hydrocarbon composition, isotopic composition, and other geochemical characteristics of petroleum. By assessing the charging period of hydrocarbon accumulation during a particular age, we can determine these changes. We study the characteristics of fluid inclusions developed in the dolomite reservoir in the Middle Permian Qixia Formation in the Shuangyushi structure of the northwestern Sichuan Basin using methods such as inclusion petrography, microbeam fluorescence spectroscopy, and inclusion homogenization temperature. Furthermore, the main peak wavelength of the fluorescence spectrum, the red-green ratio/chromatic parameter, Q650/500, as well as the chromatic parameter corresponding to the emission flux at 535 nm (QF535), and their correlations with the homogenization temperature distribution are used to identify the charging period of hydrocarbons in the Qixia Formation. The results indicate that different types of fluid inclusions are developed in the Qixia Formation. The fluorescence of hydrocarbon inclusions is mainly blue, with a small amount of yellow-green and orange-yellow. The [Formula: see text] of orange-yellow, yellow-green, and blue fluorescence of the hydrocarbon inclusions ranges between 562 and 579 nm, 497 and 548 nm, and 447 and 497 nm, respectively. The distribution of the homogenization temperatures during the same period ranges from 100°C to 110°C, 120°C to 140°C, and 160°C to 170°C, respectively. By combining the burial and thermal evolution histories of the Qixia Formation, we conclude that the Qixia Formation has experienced three stages of oil and gas charging, with the time of 204, 185, and 158 Ma. This method is of great significance in determining the date and duration of oil and gas accumulation and provides technical support for the recovery of ultra-deep hydrocarbon accumulations in complex structural areas.