bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A clinical study on the management of sigmoid volvulus
Authors: Durai M. Ramula , Kumar J. Kiran , Vijayanand . 
Published: February 2017

Background: Sigmoid volvulus is a surgical emergency and significant cause of large bowel obstruction with high mortality and morbidity. The disease is more prevalent in India, especially rural population. It constitutes 15% of total bowel obstructions. This study analyzes various management options in our institute which caters mainly to patients from the surrounding rural areas.Methods: The present work is study of 36 cases, carried out as regards to the etiological factors which predispose to the sigmoid volvulus, the clinical features, modes of treatment and the outcome. Particular stress has been laid on the various treatments. The duration study was 2 years between November 2014 and October 2016 at Government Chengalpattu medical college, Tamil Nadu, India.Results: The mean age of sigmoid volvulus was 49 years (range 19-75) and male to female ratio was 2:1. Comparatively less frequent in less than 20 years and above 70 years. Distention of abdomen (100%), followed by constipation in 88% were common mode of presentation. Sigmoidopexy done in 22% patients with nil mortality and, for primary resection and anastomosis, it was 17%. Common post-operative complication found to be wound infections.Conclusions: Primary resection anastamosis is found to be definitive safe procedure if the colon is viable. Hartman’s procedure is suitable only if the bowel is gangrenous. Absence of co morbid conditions a notable feature. Pre operative X-RAY helpful in diagnosis. Mortality found to be 17.5% in our study.
Management of benign oesophageal strictures: our experience at tertiary care centre
Authors: Varudkar Anagha S. , Deshmukh Santoshkumar N. , Vitekar Dyanesh D. 
Published: February 2017

Background: Oesophageal stricture is a common problem in general surgical practice. It can be benign or malignant, simple or complex. Benign oesophageal strictures include peptic, corrosive, post-surgical anastomotic strictures, post radiotherapy and drug induced strictures. The aetiology of this condition varies in developed and developing countries. Aim of present study was to determine the aetiology of benign oesophageal stricture, to evaluate the role of endoscopic dilatation of stricture and final outcome in these patients in our region.Methods: This prospective descriptive study was conducted in department of surgery at a tertiary care teaching hospital at Aurangabad from December 2009 to November 2013. All the patients, regardless of age and gender, admitted with diagnosis of benign oesophageal stricture were included in the study. Depending upon the type of stricture treatment was carried out. Postoperatively patients were followed up for detection of possible complications and their treatment.Results: Total 50 patients of oesophageal stricture were studied. Mean age was 33.65 years with male to female ratio 2.8:1. Ingestion of corrosive substance was the commonest etiology noted followed by peptic strictures.Conclusions: Corrosive ingestion was the commonest cause of benign oesophageal stricture in our region followed by peptic strictures. Endoscopic dilatation is safe and effective in treating benign oesophageal strictures.
Management of necrotizing pancreatitis and its outcome in a secondary healthcare institution
Authors: Karim Tanweer , Kumar Vinod , Katiyar Vivek Kumar , K. Subhash 
Published: February 2017

Background: Surgical debridement is the “gold standard” for infected pancreatic necrosis. Advances in imaging methods and minimal access techniques have changed the management of many surgical conditions and even infected pancreatic necrosis has successfully been treated in selected patients. However, technical advances don’t obviate sound clinical judgment. Aim was to consider recent advances in minimal access surgery, this article retrospectively analyses the role of open surgery and laparoscopic techniques in the management of necrotizing pancreatitis.Methods: A retrospective study of 30 cases of pancreatic necrosectomy admitted and managed during 2012-2016 was carried out and compared with results available in the existing literature.Results: Out of 30 cases, 20 were men and 10 were women. Patients' age ranged from 23 to 70 years (mean age - 49.8 years). The mean operating time was 103.8 min (range, 60-120 min). Timing of necrosectomy was 21-32 days (average - 25.5 days). The average duration of hospital stay after the procedure was 17.4 days (range, 10-21 days).Conclusions: Comparative analysis of results of different surgical techniques reveals that there is no significant difference in terms of mortality. However, overall rate of complications and failure (inadequate debridement and drainage) are still higher with minimally invasive techniques.
Closed versus open lateral internal anal sphincterotomy in a chronic anal fissure
Authors: B. N. Anandaravi , B. Ramaswami 
Published: February 2017

Background: Anal fissure is a common proctological problem, which presents with pain in the anal region during and after defecation. The aim of the study was to determine the best technique for surgical treatment of chronic anal fissure patients.Methods: The study was designed as a prospective randomized study. The study was conducted in surgical unit, K.R. Hospital, MMCRI, Mysore, India from January 2015 to June 2016. A total of 100 patients undergoing surgery were divided into two groups. In group A there were 50 patients who were treated by closed lateral internal anal sphincterotomy, and in group B there were 50 patients who were managed by open lateral internal anal sphincterotomy method. Patients were followed up for 6 months following surgery to observe for pain, bleeding, infection, incontinence, and recurrence. The exclusion criteria were patients who had in addition haemorrhoids or any other anorectal diseases.Results: There was acceptable difference in postoperative acute complications between the two methods of internal anal sphincterotomy. However, in group A, three patients (6%) versus 10 (20%) were complicated with incontinence postoperatively, whereas the recurrence rate was 4 versus 4% in group A versus group B, respectively (P = 0.015).Conclusions: There was significant difference between closed and open methods of lateral internal sphincterotomy in recurrence rate, healing rate, and other complications. Closed lateral internal sphincterotomy is treatment of choice for chronic anal fissure and can be done effectively and safely with acceptable rate of complications. Our recommendations are that closed technique should be adopted by experienced surgeons and Trainee should be initially trained by open technique then be shifted to closed technique.
A study of use of bipolar cautery in thyroidectomy
Authors: R. Vasuki , N. B. Thanmaran , V. Malathi , Kujur Lizrose 
Published: February 2017

Background: Thyroidectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgeries throughout the world which has an extremely low morbidity rate. Nowadays with the advent of newer techniques the duration of surgery and complications have decreased. Conventionally Thyroidectomy was done by suture knot tying technique which needs large number of surgical ties and also time consuming. It decreases healing as well as increases wound infection, injury to neighboring structures and foreign body reaction.Methods: In this study, I selected 50 patients with thyroid swelling attending the surgery outpatient department from February 2015 to August 2015. Thyroid surgery was done using bipolar cautery. The results were analyzed.Results: This study shows most of the patients belong to 30-40 years followed by 40-50 years. The male: female ratio is 1:25. Time duration varies from 50 minutes to 135 minutes. The longer duration of surgery compared to other studies is attributed to learning curve. We started using bipolar diathermy since 2013. The blood loss ranges from 25-50 ml. Complication rates are also less with bipolar thyroidectomy, 2% had postoperative hemorrhage, 2% developed temporary RLN palsy, 2% developed minor degree of wound infection, and 6% developed signs and symptoms of hypocalcemia. The mean duration of hospital stay was 4 days.Conclusions: Thyroidectomy using bipolar cautery is safe and effective method and also less time consuming. The cost of the bipolar cautery is less compared to harmonic scalpel and LigaSure. Bipolar cautery is available in our government hospital. Blood loss using Bipolar Cautery is less compared to conventional Knot–tying technique. The post-operative complications are less with bipolar cautery.
Appendicitis inflammatory response score: a novel scoring system for acute appendicitis
Authors: Patil Suresh , Harwal Rahul , Harwal Sharanabasappa , Kamthane Sangamesh 
Published: February 2017

Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies encountered by doctors on call with emergency appendicectomy being a very common outcome of emergency laparotomies. There's been a marked decline in mortality over the past 50 years, but the rates of perforation and negative laparotomy have not changed much as they're influenced by factors untouched by technological advances.Methods: A prospective comparative study to compare appendicitis inflammatory response score (AIR) and Alvarado scoring systems in evaluating suspected cases of acute appendicitis. 100 patients presenting with pain in the right lower quadrant of abdomen at the surgical clinics at Basaveshwar Teaching and General Hospital, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India, who after clinical examination and relevant investigations were provisionally diagnosed to have acute appendicitis and warranted surgery for the same were evaluated using the scoring systems - Alvarado Score and Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score. The scores were tallied and compared with final histopathology report. The study was conducted for a period of one and a half year.Results: The results revealed that AIR (at score >4) demonstrated a higher sensitivity and specificity compared to Alvarado score (89.9 versus 78.6%) and (63.6 versus 54.5) respectively. Alvarado showed a slightly better sensitivity at score>8 (21.3 versus 12.3%).Conclusions: The Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score outperformed the Alvarado score. It holds promise to be incorporated into the clinician's daily inventory in efficiently diagnosing Appendicitis.
The clinical study and management of lateral neck masses
Authors: Deshpande Amol Vasantrao , Pothare Amit Narayan 
Published: February 2017

Background: Tumors of neck are especially interesting to surgeons because of complex neck anatomy and difficult differential diagnosis. The aim is to study different type of lateral neck masses excluding thyroid and salivary swellings, there relation with age and se, there clinical features, presentation, and complications, diagnostic modalities and treatment according to the diagnosis and miscellaneous and rare lumps in the neck.Methods: The study was conducted at Shri Vasantrao Naik Government Medical College, Yavatmal, Maharashtra, India from January 2012 to December 2015. In cases of tubercular lympahdenopathy, patients are treated with antitubercular chemotherapy regime DOT’s. In cases of malignant secondaries in neck, patients were offered radical neck dissection, radical radiotherapy or neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by neck dissection.Results: Total 228 patients are studied. 74.56% were benign and 25.44% were malignant. Most common age group affected was 11-20 years. Malignant lesions were more common after 50 years. Male female ratio was nearly equal. Most common lesion overall was tubercular lymphadenopathy followed by malignant lymph nodes.Conclusions: Lymphadenopathy predominated lateral neck swellings of which tubercular lymphadenopathy found to be commonest followed by malignant secondries. Tubercular infections are common during 1st and 2nd decade, while malignant lesions after 5th decade. FNAC was most common and most effective investigation. Treatment varies according to the cause of lateral neck mass.
Serum albumin as predictor of post-operative morbidity and mortality
Authors: Sharma Latika , Purohit Poojan M. , Pipal Dharmendra , Kothari Saurabh , Srivastava Harshit , Soni Amit 
Published: February 2017

Background: Protein energy malnutrition affects every organ system. So correct assessment of nutritional status is important as malnourishment is a risk factor for morbidity and morality in surgical patients. In our study, serum albumin has been taken as parameter for nutritional assessment.Methods: Study is conducted on 50 patients admitted in Department of General Surgery, Dr. Sampurnanand Medical College and associated Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India for surgeries during January 2014-December 2015. Data was analyzed using Z-test and Fischer exact t-test and p value was calculated. P value <0.05 is considered statistically significant.Results: Patients with serum albumin <3gm/dl had more complications with maximum number of complications in age group of 41-60 year group. This finding was statistically significant.Conclusions: Low serum albumin patients has more post-operative complication than those with normal level and so is a good indicator of post-operative morbidity and mortality.
Oil cyst of breast: a rare mammographic finding
Authors: Sattibabu Vundavalli , Dalal Satish , Nara Nityasha , Bhatia Chisel 
Published: February 2017

Oil cysts of breast are rare benign breast disorders resulting from fat necrosis. Oil cysts are rare mammographic findings encountered. Here, we describe a case of 35 years female with history of breast trauma who presented with a small breast lump which was later diagnosed as oil cyst.
Zika virus infection: a public health emergency!
Authors: Qureshi Muhammad Salman Haider , Qureshi Bakhtawar Wajeeha , Khan Ramsha 
Published: February 2017

<p class="abstract"><em>Zika virus</em> belongs to the family of Flaviviridae. The Flaviviridae family also includes other human pathogens like <em>West Nile virus</em> (WNV), <em>Yellow fever virus</em> (YFV), mosquito transmitted <em>Dengue virus</em> (DENV), <em>Tick borne encephalitic virus</em> (TBEV) and <em>Japanese encephalitis virus</em> (JEV). <em>Zika virus</em> is a mosquito-borne disease and is transmitted by <em>Aedes aegypti</em> mosquito<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p>
The effect of statins on carotid intima-media thickness in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Zamani Bijan , Sharghi Afshan , Hoseini Zahra 
Published: February 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Statins have been established by definitive primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention trials as the cornerstone of pharmacy prevention of atherosclerotic vascular disease. Carotid arterial intima-media thickness is used as a noninvasive surrogate end point in epidemiologic studies and clinical trials to gauge progression and regression of atherosclerosis. In this trial, we compared the effects of a high-potency statin with different dose (atorvastatin 20 mg/d and atorvastatin 40 mg/d) on carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a randomized, single blinded clinical trial that performed on 100 patients with ACS diagnosis from April 2014 to September 2015. The effects of atorvastatin (20 mg/d; n=50) and atorvastatin (40 mg/d; n=50) on CIMT were compared using serial assessment of the thickness of common carotid artery<span lang="EN-IN">. </span><span lang="EN-IN"> </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean patient age was 52 years and 74% were male. Baseline CIMT and other characteristics were similar between study groups. CIMT was stable in the both study groups after 6 months and there were no meaningful statistical differences observed between study groups (change in CIMT, 0.044±0.169 and -0.006±0.168 mm; p=0.14).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This comparative trial shows that the use of atorvastatin 20 mg/d and 40 mg/d in short term have similar effects on carotid intima-media thickness. However, intensive statin therapy may have been shown to yield improvement in atherosclerosis with measurement of the carotid intima-media thickness<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p>
Communication skills (verbal, listening, feedback) among Ardabil Azad university medical students and related factors
Authors: Masoumi Rahim , Zakeri Anahita , Ojaghi Habib , Farzaneh Esmaeil 
Published: February 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of this study was to investigate the level of communication skills (verbal, listening, feedback) among Ardabil Azad university medical students and related factors.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> In this descriptive-cross sectional study, 150 medical university students selected randomly from September 2014 to September 2015. The necessary data collected by a standardized questionnaire named Interpersonal communication skills test containing 34 items having five points scale and its score ranged 34-170. Data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistical methods in SPSS.16. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 71.3% of participants were female. The mean score of student’s communication skills (CS) level was 100.8±13.6 and in girls was 110.1±13.7 and in boys was 102.5±13.1 which hasn’t significant differences between two genders in CS scores. There wasn’t significant relation between CS in students with age, student’s grade, residence place, term and participated in the CS workshop.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Results showed that level of CS in students was in moderate level which doing interventional studies in future for raising their CS level is necessary. </p>
Knowledge and practice on over-the-counter drugs among adults of age group 20 and above residing in Chapapani-12, Pokhara, Kaski, Nepal
Authors: Sharma Dibya , Gurung Durga , Kafle Ramchandra , Singh Sakun 
Published: February 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The incidence of usage of over-the-counter drugs is drastically increasing day by day. Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are medicines sold directly to consumer without a prescription from health care personnel. In many countries, OTC drugs are selected by a regulatory agency to ensure that they are safe and effective when used without physician’s care. Taking OTC medicines still has risk. Some interact with other medicines, supplements, food and drinks and some causes problem for people with certain medical conditions.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A descriptive cross sectional was conducted from 1st February - 15th August 2016 among 110 among adults of age group 20 and above residing in Chapapani-12, Pokhara. A pre-tested structured questionnaire were used and data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for windows version 18.0. Frequency, percentage, chi-square and correlation were performed. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Nearly 1/3<sup>rd</sup> of the respondents (33.6%) were of age group 20-29 years and more than half (60.9%) were female. More than half of the respondents (54%) had good knowledge and less than half (47%) had good practice of OTC. There was significant association of knowledge with age, marital status, education and monthly family income. There was significant association of practice with education of respondents. There was weak positive correlation between knowledge and practice (r =0.211).</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This showed that the knowledge hadn’t been fully practiced into action by the community people and still they are lacking the concept of over-the-counter drugs and its safe use in daily living.
Restoring smile by esthetic intraradiular tooth reinforcement and metal free crown: a case report
Authors: Arora Sheen J. , Arora Aman , Sangwan Ritu , Jain Prachi 
Published: February 2017

<p>Aesthetic management of maxillary anteriors provide a challenge to the artistic and technical abilities of a prosthodontist. Metal-free crowns in such cases allows for highly aesthetic solutions to reshape fractured teeth or teeth with other defects. In severely compromised anterior teeth, development of non-metallic post systems has made possible the generation of metal-free ceramic restorations. This article describes a case where all-ceramic crown reinforced with post was utilized to improve the esthetics of the patient. </p>
Pengaruh Proteksi Aldehid Untuk Meloloskan Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acid Pada Menir Kedelai dan Minyak Ikan Lemuru Secara In Vitro
Authors: Riyanto Joko , Baliarti Endang , Yusiati Lies Mira , Hartatik Tety , Widayati Diah Tri 
Published: March 2017

<p>This research was aims to determine the effect of formaldehyde using as a protective material in the soy groats and lemuru fish oil mixtured to escape of the protein and poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) by in vitro. The rumen fluid was derived from donor of the Ongole crosbred fistulated as much as 3 heads. The experimental design used completely randomized design factorial 2x3 pattern consists of two factors:the first factor (soybean groats:lemuru fish oil in the ratio 2:1 and 4:1) and the second factor (the use of formaldehyde at levels of 0%, 2% and 4% base on the dry matter) and was repeated 5 times. The parameters are consist of the nutrient content, the substrates soybean groats and lemuru fish oil the rumen fluid fermented PUFA content by in vitro. Results of the study are levels of protein, fatty acids oleic, linoleic and arachidonic much available on soybean groats:lemuru fish oil protected formaldehyde at levels of 2% and 4%. The difference between the ratio of soybean groats with lemuru fish oil had no significant (P≥0,05) but significantly different at different levels of formaldehyde (P≤0,05). The conclusion are formaldehyde content of 37% with a level of 2% can be used for protection the soybean groats and lemuru fish oil with a ratio of 4:1 and is able to provide protein as well PUFA.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: soy groats, lemuru fish oil, in vitro, PUFA, formaldehyde protection</p>