bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zachowania związane z aktywnością fizyczną są czynnikiem predykcyjnym endogennej modulacji bólu u osób starszych
Authors: Naugle Kelly M. , Ohlman Thomas , Naugle Keith E. , Riley Zachary A. , Keith NiCole R. 
Published: November 2017

Osoby starsze w porównaniu z młodszymi dorosłymi charakteryzują się zwiększonym torowaniem bólu endogennego i zmniejszoną zdolnością do endogennego hamowania bólu, co potencjalnie naraża je na zwiększone ryzyko bólu przewlekłego. Dotychczasowe wyniki badań sugerują, że wyższe poziomy aktywności fizycznej, deklarowane przez badane osoby, związane są ze skuteczniejszym hamowaniem bólu oraz mniejszym torowaniem bólu w ilościowych badaniach czucia u zdrowych dorosłych. Jednakże żadna z prac nie badała bezpośrednio związku pomiędzy zachowaniami związanymi z aktywnością fizyczną i modulacją bólu u osób starszych. Obecne badanie sprawdzało czy obiektywne mierniki zachowań związanych z aktywnością fizyczną w badaniu przekrojowym są czynnikiem predykcyjnym hamowania bólu w teście warunkowanej modulacji bólu (conditioned pain modulation, CPM) oraz torowania bólu w teście sumacji czasowej (temporal summation, TS) u zdrowych osób starszych. Pięćdziesiąt jeden osób starszych nosiło akcelerometr na wysokości bioder przez 7 dni oraz przeszło testy CPM oraz TS. Pomiary czasu spędzonego w pozycji siedzącej, na lekkiej aktywności fizycznej (light physical activity, LPA) oraz umiarkowanej do intensywnej aktywności fizycznej (moderate to vigorous physical activity, MVPA) uzyskano z akcelerometru. Hierarchiczne regresje liniowe przeprowadzono, aby określić związek TS oraz CPM z poziomami aktywności fizycznej, kontrolując jednocześnie zmienne demograficzne, psychologiczne oraz uzyskane z kwestionariuszy. Wyniki wskazują, że siedzący tryb życia oraz LPA są istotnym statystycznie czynnikiem predykcyjnym hamowania bólu w teście CPM – mniej czasu spędzonego w pozycji siedzącej oraz większa ilość czasu LPA powiązane są ze zwiększoną zdolnością hamowania bólu. Dodatkowo, MVPA jest czynnikiem predykcyjnym torowania bólu w teście TS – większa ilość czasu MVPA związana jest z mniejszą TS bólu. Te wyniki sugerują, że różne typy aktywności fizycznej mogą na różne sposoby wpływać na procesy hamowania i torowania bólu u osób starszych.
It takes all of us working towards Academic Integrity
Authors: Kruithof Koos 
Published: November 2017

The rise of plagiarism is often related to the shift from an analogue to a digital society. Due to the availability of information which makes it possible to discover quickly lots of information on specific subjects it is easy for learners to take information from another source. This fact shows that Academic Integrity is a challenge for those who are concerned with quality of education and research. Academic Integrity can be difficult to measure. There is also a risk that Academic Integrity is being taken for granted. The process of defining what Academic Integrity is and being both visible and practical in demonstrating its impact can do much to reconfirm its importance. There is work to be done and guidance needed. Examples and clear definitions with plans for execution are needed now.These examples and definitions are already present in the academic community. The challenge is to give this community the confidence to share their best practices with their peer institutions. For learners, the importance of Academic Integrity goes beyond a set of rules with which to understand black and white behaviour; Academic Integrity Policy is the rock which helps to understand what to do in grey situations. The temptation and ease with which learners can take short sighted decisions can be better combatted with a more thorough understanding of the long term impact for themselves, their academic work, career and society more widely.But how to start the conversation with learners about integrity and what do we say? How can we prepare learners for an academic life?
Development of medical informatics in China over the past 30 years from a conference perspective and a Sino-American comparison
Authors: Liang Jun , Wei Kunyan , Meng Qun , Chen Zhenying , Zhang Jiajie , Lei Jianbo 
Published: November 2017

BackgroundAs the world’s second-largest economy, China has launched health reforms for the second time and invested significant funding in medical informatics (MI) since 2010; however, few studies have been conducted on the outcomes of this ambitious cause.ObjectiveThis study analyzed the features of major MI meetings held in China and compared them with similar MI conferences in the United States, aiming at informing researchers on the outcomes of MI in China and the US from the professional conference perspective and encouraging greater international cooperation for the advancement of the field of medical informatics in China and, ultimately, the promotion of China’s health reform.MethodsQualitative and quantitative analyses of four MI meetings in China (i.e., CMIAAS, CHINC, CHITEC, and CPMI) and two in the US (i.e., AMIA and HIMSS) were conducted. Furthermore, the size, constituent parts and regional allocation of participants, topics, and fields of research for each meeting were determined and compared.ResultsFrom 1985 to 2016, approximately 45,000 individuals attended the CMIAAS and CPMI (academic), CHINC and CHITEC (industry), resulting in 5,085 documented articles. In contrast, in 2015, 38,000 and 3,700 individuals, respectively, attended the American HIMSS (industry) and AMIA (academic) conferences and published 1,926 papers in the latter. Compared to those of HIMSS in 2015, the meeting duration of Chinese industry CHITEC was 3 vs. 5 days, the number of vendors was 100 vs. 1,500+, the number of sub-forums was 10 vs. 250; while compared to those of AMIA, the meeting duration of Chinese CMIAAS was 2 vs. 8 days, the number of vendors was 5 vs. 65+, the number of sub-forums was 4 vs. 26. HIMSS and AMIA were more open, international, and comprehensive in comparison to the aforementioned Chinese conferences.ConclusionsThe current MI in China can be characterized as “hot in industry application, and cold in academic research.” Taking into consideration the economic scale together with the huge investment in MI, conference yield and attendee diversity are still low in China. This study demonstrates an urgent necessity to elevate the medical informatics discipline in China and to expand research fields in order to maintain pace with the development of medical informatics in the US and other countries.
Surface Water pCO2 Variations and Sea‐Air CO2 Fluxes During Summer in the Eastern Canadian Arctic
Authors: Burgers T. M. , Miller L. A. , Thomas H. , Else B. G. T. , Gosselin M. , Papakyriakou T. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBased on a 2 year data set, the eastern Canadian Arctic Archipelago and Baffin Bay appear to be a modest summertime sink of atmospheric CO2. We measured surface water CO2 partial pressure (pCO2), salinity, and temperature throughout northern Baffin Bay, Nares Strait, and Lancaster Sound from the CCGS Amundsen during its 2013 and 2014 summer cruises. Surface water pCO2 displayed considerable variability (144–364 μatm) but never exceeded atmospheric concentrations, and average calculated CO2 fluxes in 2013 and 2014 were −12 and −3 mmol C m−2 d−1 (into the ocean), respectively. Ancillary measurements of chlorophyll a reveal low summertime productivity in surface waters. Based on total alkalinity and stable oxygen isotopes (δ18O) data, a strong riverine signal in northern Nares Strait coincided with relatively high surface pCO2, whereas areas of sea‐ice melt occur with low surface pCO2. Further assessments, extending the seasonal observation period, are needed to properly constrain both seasonal and annual CO2 fluxes in this region.
Seasonal and Diurnal Variations of Tropical Tropopause Layer (TTL) Over the Indian Peninsula
Authors: Muhsin M. , Sunilkumar S. V. , Venkat Ratnam M. , Krishna Murthy B. V. , Parameswaran K. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSeasonal and diurnal variations in the thermal structure of the troposphere and lower stratosphere with special reference to the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) are studied using data from 3 h interval radiosonde launches carried out simultaneously from Trivandrum (8.5°N, 76.9°E) and Gadanki (13.5°N,79°E) during December 2010 to March 2014. TTL is defined as the region extending from the level of minimum stability (LMinS) to the level of maximum stability (LMaxS). Above the cold point tropopause (CPT), temperature showed warm anomaly (4–5 K) during summer monsoon (June–September) and cold anomaly (up to −4 K) during winter (December–February). The temperature in the troposphere showed a clear diurnal variation (±0.5 K) with a cold anomaly during early morning and warm anomaly during the day in all the seasons. At Gadanki, the diurnal temperature anomaly in the lower stratosphere showed its phase propagating downward with time, whereas at Trivandrum such variations are not clearly evident. At diurnal timescales, the TTL showed significant variations at LMinS (0.5–1.5 km/5–7 K) and smaller variations at CPT (0.2–0.5 km/2–3 K). In general, the amplitude of the diurnal component is greater than the semidiurnal component for all the TTL parameters, and these amplitudes are relatively larger at Trivandrum than at Gadanki. The observed diurnal variations could be the manifestation of tidal oscillations and/or due to the influence of local convection. Correlation analysis between different TTL parameters indicated a slow transition from a governing adiabatic process in the TTL base to a diabatic process at the TTL top.
Iron Mineralogy and Speciation in Clay‐Sized Fractions of Chinese Desert Sediments
Authors: Lu Wanyi , Zhao Wancang , Balsam William , Lu Huayu , Liu Pan , Lu Zunli , Ji Junfeng 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIron released from Asian desert dust may be an important source of bioavailable iron for the North Pacific Ocean and thereby may stimulate primary productivity. However, the Fe species of the fine dusts from this source region are poorly characterized. Here we investigate iron species and mineralogy in the clay‐sized fractions (<2 μm), the size fraction most prone to long‐distance transport as dust. Samples were analyzed by sequential chemical extraction, X‐ray diffraction, and diffuse reflectance spectrometry. Our results show that Fe dissolved from easily reducible iron phases (ferrihydrite and lepidocrocite) and reducible iron oxides (dominated by goethite) are 0.81 wt % and 2.39 wt %, respectively, and Fe dissolved from phyllosilicates extracted by boiling HCl (dominated by chlorite) is 3.15 wt %. Dusts originating from deserts in northwestern China, particularly the Taklimakan desert, are relatively enriched in easily reducible Fe phases, probably due to abundant Fe contained in fresh weathering products resulting from the rapid erosion associated with active uplift of mountains to the west. Data about Fe speciation and mineralogy in Asian dust sources will be useful for improving the quantification of soluble Fe supplied to the oceans, especially in dust models.
Adaptive control of complex systems with unknown dynamics and input constraint: Applied to a chaotic elastic beam
Authors: Aghababa Mohammad Pourmahmood 
Published: November 2017

SummaryOwing to the limitations of system identification and modeling techniques, there is usually some unknown dynamics in the mathematical models of the complex systems. In addition, external perturbations can affect the chaotic systems' responses and may destroy the desired control purpose. Consideration of such uncertain dynamics and external fluctuations in control applications is important in research and practice. On the other hand, because of the limited operation of control actuators, most of the practical implementations of control systems are forced with some input constraints. Therefore, this paper investigates the control problem of uncertain autonomous and/or nonautonomous complex chaotic systems in the presence of input saturation. The upper bounds of the unknown dynamics, modeling uncertainties, external perturbations, and the parameters of the saturation function are assumed to be unknown in advance. To make a fast control response, an adaptive nonsingular terminal variable structure controller is proposed to assure the finite‐time stability of the equilibrium states. Rigorous stability analysis is performed to prove the correct performance of the designed control algorithm. Numerical simulations on the unified system and a chaotic elastic beam model are developed to demonstrate the usefulness of the introduced adaptive control strategy. It is worth to notice that the derived adaptive nonsmooth sliding mode approach is general and it can be easily adopted for controlling of a wide class of uncertain MIMO nonlinear systems.
Strong Shear Flow Persister Bacteria Resist Mechanical Washings on the Surfaces of Various Polymer Materials
Authors: Zhang Rongrong , Xia Aiguo , Ni Lei , Li Feixuan , Jin Zhenyu , Yang Shuai , Jin Fan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEnvironmental bacteria persistently exist in hospitals and thereby often contaminate biomedical devices, which usually causes device‐associated infections that have become a major cause of patient illness and death in the hospital. In this study, for the first time, the identification of strong shear flow persister (SSP) cells in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is reported. Unlike common persister cells that are highly tolerant to antibiotics, it is reported that the SSP cells can resist mechanical washings on the surfaces of various polymer materials and can form distinctive biofilms that are tolerant to high doses of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Most importantly, a general molecular mechanism is revealed by which an outer membrane protein crosslinks with polysaccharides to form gel‐like adhesion complexes that can exert extremely strong adhesion strength (up to 50 N mm−2). Therefore, these findings are urgently required for ongoing research focused on preparing antifouling biomedical materials.
Proximate cause, anatomical correlates, and obstetrical implication of a supernumerary lumbar vertebra in humans
Authors: Tague Robert G. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectivesThree issues are considered on variation in number of presacral vertebrae (PSV) in humans: (1) sexual difference in number of PSV, (2) inactivation of Hoxd‐11 gene as etiology for a supernumerary lumbar vertebra, and (3) anatomical correlates of a supernumerary lumbar vertebra, including lumbar‐sacral nearthrosis, and pelvic size.Materials and methodsSample was 407 skeletonized females and 1,318 males from United States; ages at death were 20 to 49 years. Two subsamples of males were used: (1) 98 with modal numbers of cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral vertebrae (PSV = 24) and (2) 45 with a supernumerary lumbar vertebra but modal numbers for other vertebral segments (PSV = 25). Measurements were taken of ulna, second metacarpal, vertebrae, femur, and pelvis; presence of lumbar‐sacral nearthrosis was observed.ResultsAlthough 90% of females and males have 24 PSV, females have higher frequency of 23 PSV and males have higher frequency of 25 PSV. Compared to males with 24 PSV, males with 25 PSV and supernumerary lumbar vertebra show (1) no difference in anatomies associated with inactivation of Hoxd‐11, and (2) higher frequency of lumbar‐sacral nearthrosis and smaller pelvic inlet circumference.DiscussionSexual difference in number of PSV may be due to tempo of somite formation and Hox gene activation. Hypothesis is not supported that a supernumerary lumbar vertebra is due to inactivation of Hoxd‐11. The presence of a supernumerary lumbar vertebra is associated with small pelvic inlet circumference, which can be obstetrically disadvantageous.
Zur Nutzung von Polyelektrolyten und Polymediatoren in der organischen Elektrosynthese
Authors: Schille Benjamin , Giltzau Niels Ole , Francke Robert 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObwohl die organische Elektrosynthese im Allgemeinen als nachhaltige Methode anerkannt ist, stellt hier die Notwendigkeit zur Verwendung von Leitsalzen einen großen Nachteil dar. Zudem verursachen die vielfach eingesetzten Mediatoren ein weiteres Trennproblem. Vor diesem Hintergrund haben wir die Möglichkeit zur Verwendung von löslichen Polyelektrolyten und Polymediatoren untersucht, wobei uns die TEMPO‐vermittelte Alkoholoxidation als Modellreaktion diente. Unsere Zyklovoltammetriestudien belegen, dass TEMPO‐modifizierte Polymere bezüglich der Reaktionskinetik durchaus gegenüber dem molekular‐definierten TEMPO konkurrenzfähig sind. Auch im präparativen Maßstab zeigt sich unser polymerbasierter Ansatz als verlässlich und effizient, wobei die Abtrennung des Mediators und des Leitsalzes in einem einzigen Schritt mittels Membranfiltration gelingt. Zudem konnten wir zeigen, dass beide Komponenten recyclingfähig sind.
Liquid Photonic Crystals for Mesopore Detection
Authors: Zhu Biting , Fu Qianqian , Chen Ke , Ge Jianping 
Published: November 2017

AbstractNitrogen adsorption–desorption for mesopore characterization requires the using of expensive instrumentation, time‐consuming processes, and the consumption of liquid nitrogen. Herein, a new method is developed to measure the pore parameters through mixing a mesoporous substance with a supersaturated SiO2 colloidal solution at different temperatures, and subsequent rapid measurement of reflection changes of the precipitated liquid photonic crystals. The pore volumes and diameters of mesoporous silica were measured according to the positive correlation between unit mass reflection change (Δλ/m) and pore volume (V), and the negative correlation between average absorption temperature (T) and pore diameter (D). This new approach may provide an alternative method for fast, convenient and economical characterization of mesoporous materials.
On the Use of Polyelectrolytes and Polymediators in Organic Electrosynthesis
Authors: Schille Benjamin , Giltzau Niels Ole , Francke Robert 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAlthough organic electrosynthesis is generally considered to be a green method, the necessity for excess amounts of supporting electrolyte constitutes a severe drawback. Furthermore, the employment of redox mediators results in an additional separation problem. In this context, we have explored the applicability of soluble polyelectrolytes and polymediators with the TEMPO‐mediated transformation of alcohols into carbonyl compounds as a test reaction. Catalyst benchmarking based on cyclic voltammetry studies indicated that the redox‐active polymer can compete with molecularly defined TEMPO species. Alcohol oxidation was also highly efficient on a preparative scale, and our polymer‐based approach allowed for the separation of both mediator and supporting electrolyte in a single membrane filtration step. Moreover, we have shown that both components can be reused multiple times.
Brief Report: Validation of a Definition of Flare in Patients With Established Gout
Authors: Gaffo Angelo L. , Dalbeth Nicola , Saag Kenneth G. , Singh Jasvinder A. , Rahn Elizabeth J. , Mudano Amy S. , Chen Yi‐Hsing , Lin Ching‐Tsai , Bourke Sandra , Louthrenoo Worawit , Vazquez‐Mellado Janitzia , Hernández‐Llinas Hansel , Neogi Tuhina , Vargas‐Santos Ana Beatriz , da Rocha Castelar‐Pinheiro Geraldo , Amorim Rodrigo B. C. , Uhlig Till , Hammer Hilde B. , Eliseev Maxim , Perez‐Ruiz Fernando , Cavagna Lorenzo , McCarthy Geraldine M. , Stamp Lisa K. , Gerritsen Martijn , Fana Viktoria , Sivera Francisca , Taylor William 
Published: November 2017

ObjectiveTo perform external validation of a provisional definition of disease flare in patients with gout.MethodsFive hundred nine patients with gout were enrolled in a cross‐sectional study during a routine clinical care visit at 17 international sites. Data were collected to classify patients as experiencing or not experiencing a gout flare, according to a provisional definition. A local expert rheumatologist performed the final independent adjudication of gout flare status. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the diagnostic performance of gout flare definitions.ResultsThe mean ± SD age of the patients was 57.5 ± 13.9 years, and 89% were male. The definition requiring fulfillment of at least 3 of 4 criteria (patient‐defined gout flare, pain at rest score of >3 on a 0–10‐point numerical rating scale, presence of at least 1 swollen joint, and presence of at least 1 warm joint) was 85% sensitive and 95% specific in confirming the presence of a gout flare, with an accuracy of 92%. The ROC area under the curve was 0.97. The definition based on a classification and regression tree algorithm (entry point, pain at rest score >3, followed by patient‐defined flare “yes”) was 73% sensitive and 96% specific.ConclusionThe definition of gout flare that requires fulfillment of at least 3 of 4 patient‐reported criteria is now validated to be sensitive, specific, and accurate for gout flares, as demonstrated using an independent large international patient sample. The availability of a validated gout flare definition will improve the ascertainment of an important clinical outcome in studies of gout.
Co‐occurrence of a novel PDGFRB variant and likely pathogenic variant in CASR in an individual with extensive intracranial calcifications and hypocalcaemia
Authors: DeMeo Natasha N. , Burgess Jeremy D. , Blackburn Patrick R. , Gass Jennifer M. , Richter John , Atwal Herjot K. , van Gerpen Jay A. , Atwal Paldeep S. 
Published: November 2017

Key Clinical MessageThis case report describes an individual with brain calcifications, cognitive decline, motor dysfunction, and hypocalcaemia. Exome sequencing revealed a previously reported variant in the CASR gene and a variant of uncertain significance in PDGFRB. The clinical phenotype is likely explained by the CASR variant, but we discuss how the PDGFRB variant could also participate in the phenotype.
Neonatal diabetes mellitus: improved screening and early management of an underestimated disease
Authors: Wirth Maëlle , Jellimann Jean‐Marc , Jellimann Stéphanie , Hascoët Jean‐Michel 
Published: November 2017

Key Clinical MessageNeonatal diabetes mellitus is underdiagnosed in the neonatal period because of the metabolic adaptation capacities of the newborns. However, it is associated with increased risk of short‐ and long‐term morbidity; when transient it may recurs in adulthood. It is important to improve screening and early management with appropriate guidelines.
Successful management of malignant carinal involvement by “side‐by‐side” method of self‐expandable metallic stents followed by chemotherapy
Authors: Takeda Takayuki , Itano Hideki , Takeuchi Mayumi , Saitoh Masahiko , Takeda Sorou 
Published: November 2017

Key Clinical MessageBilateral self‐expandable metallic stents may be useful in the management of malignant carinal involvement and may improve the performance status of patients. This strategy may allow patients with poor performance status to receive additional chemotherapy.