bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of LED/Laser Irradiation on In-Office Dental Bleaching after Three Years
Authors: Mondelli RFL , Rizzante FAP , Rosa ER , Borges AFS , Furuse AY , Bombonatti JFS 
Published: December 2017

SUMMARY
The present in vivo randomized, triple-blinded, and split-mouth clinical study evaluated the effectiveness of a hybrid light (HL) source on the color change, stability, and tooth sensitivity in patients submitted to different in-office bleaching techniques. Twenty volunteers were divided into two groups and four subgroups. A split-mouth design was conducted to compare two in-office bleaching techniques (with and without light activation): 35% Lase Peroxide Sensy (LPS) + HL: 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) + HL; 35% LPS: 35% HP; 25% LPS + HL: 25% HP + HL; and 35% Whiteness HP (WHP): 35% HP. For the groups activated with HL, the HP was applied on the enamel surface three consecutive times using a 3 × 2-minute protocol (three HL activations for two minutes each, with a 30-second interval for a total of seven minutes and 30 seconds) for each gel application, totaling 22 minutes and 30 seconds. For the other groups, HP was applied 3 × 15 minutes, totaling 45 minutes. A spectrophotometer was used to measure the color change (ΔE) before the treatment and 24 hours, one week, and one, 12, and 36 months after. A visual analog scale was used to evaluate the tooth sensitivity before the treatment, immediately following treatment, 24 hours, and one week after. Analysis of variance, Tukey's, Kruskall-Wallis, and Wilcoxon tests, all with α = 0.05 were performed. Statistical analysis did not reveal any significant differences (ΔE) between the in-office bleaching techniques with or without HL in the periods evaluated; the activation with HL required 50% less time to achieve such results. The groups without HL presented statistical differences for ΔE when comparing 24 hours with the other follow-up times (intergroup) and an increase in tooth sensitivity in the initial periods. All techniques and bleaching agents were effective on bleaching during a 36-month evaluation of color stability. The groups activated with HL presented lower sensitivity and required a lower activation time.
Effect of Finishing and Polishing on Roughness and Gloss of Lithium Disilicate and Lithium Silicate Zirconia Reinforced Glass Ceramic for CAD/CAM Systems
Authors: Vichi A , Fonzar R Fabian , Goracci C , Carrabba M , Ferrari M 
Published: December 2017

SUMMARY

Objective:
To assess the efficacy of dedicated finishing/polishing systems on roughness and gloss of VITA Suprinity and IPS e.max CAD.

Method:
A total of 24 blocks of Suprinity and 24 of e.max were cut into a wedge shape using an InLab MC-XL milling unit. After crystallization, the 24 Suprinity wedges were divided into four subgroups: group A.1: Suprinity Polishing Set Clinical used for 30 seconds and group A.2: for 60 seconds; group A.3: VITA Akzent Plus Paste; and group A.4: spray. The 24 e.max wedges (group B) were divided into four subgroups according to the finishing procedure: group B.1: Optrafine Ceramic Polishing System for 30 seconds and group B.2: for 60 seconds; group B.3: IPS e.max CAD Crystall/Glaze paste; and group B.4: spray. After finishing/polishing, gloss was assessed with a glossmeter and roughness evaluated with a profilometer. Results were analyzed by applying a two-way analysis of variance for gloss and another for roughness (α=0.05). One specimen per each subgroup was observed with a scanning electron microscope.

Results:
For roughness, materials and surface were significant factors (p&lt;0.001). Suprinity exhibited significantly lower roughness than e.max. Also the Material-Surface Treatment interaction was statistically significant (p=0.026). For gloss, both material and surface treatment were significant factors (p&lt;0.001). VITA Suprinity showed significantly higher gloss than e.max. Also the Material-Surface Treatment interaction was statistically significant (p&lt;0.001).

Conclusions:
Manual finishing/polishing for 60 seconds and glazing paste are the most effective procedures in lowering the roughness of CAD/CAM silica-based glass ceramics. Manual finishing/polishing for 60 seconds allows milled silica-based glass ceramics to yield a higher gloss. VITA Suprinity displayed higher polishability than IPS e.max CAD.
De los Habsburgo a los Borbones en el Río de La Plata. A trescientos años del gobierno de Bruno Mauricio de Zavala
Authors: Tarragó Griselda , Birocco Carlos María 
Published: December 2017

Introducción al dossier De los Habsburgo a los Borbones en el Río de La Plata. A trescientos años del gobierno de Bruno Mauricio de Zavala
Diagnostic power and healthcare resource consumption of a dedicated workflow algorithm designed to manage thoracic impedance alerts in heart failure patients by remote monitoring
Authors: Ricci Renato P. , Morichelli Loredana , Porfili Antonio , Quarta Laura , Sassi Anna 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
Modern cardiac implantable devices provide diagnostic information on several physiological variables which are associated with worsening heart failure, creating an opportunity for early intervention to prevent heart failure symptoms and hospitalizations. We evaluated diagnostic accuracy and workload of a remote monitoring (RM) workflow algorithm which leverages intrathoracic impedance and other device diagnostics.

Methods
In our RM workflow a team of expert nurses was responsible for continuity of care, direct relationship with patients and implementation of a specific protocol to evaluate RM alerts and to limit unnecessary resource consumption. Each patient was univocally assigned to a reference nurse. End points were diagnostic accuracy, healthcare utilization, defined as any hospital admission, and actionability of alerts, defined as medication change or other clinical action.

Results
One-hundred twenty-six consecutive patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator/cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator were followed for a median time of 23 months. Out of 2176 remote transmissions, 893 (41%) in 111 patients (88.1%) showed clinically relevant events triggered by 574 alerts [2.2 (95% confidence interval = 2.0–2.4) per patient per year]. Among 309 alerts with intrathoracic impedance crossing, heart failure deterioration was confirmed in 116 (37.5%). Clinical actions followed 76/116 (65.5%) true heart failure alerts and 17/193 (8.8%) false-positive alerts (P < 0.001). In particular, drug therapy change followed 72/116 (62.1%) true heart failure alerts and 15/193 (7.8%) false-positive alerts (P < 0.001). Healthcare utilization occurred in 65.5% true heart failure alerts and in 24.9% false-positive alerts (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
A dedicated workflow algorithm results in more focused clinical surveillance leading to prompt detection and treatment of acute heart failure events without wasting healthcare resource.
Natural Deys from Fruit Waste as a Sensitizer for Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC)
Authors: Setiawan I Nyoman , Giriantari Ida Ayu Dwi , Ariastina Wayan Gede , Swamardika Ida Bagus Alit , Duniaji Agus Selamet , Kumara Nyoman Satya 
Published: December 2017

Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is one of the potential candidates for the next generation solar cells. One of the most attractive features of the DSSC is the low production costs. The utilization of natural dyes is a new area for investigation due to their unique capability to absorb photons from natural sunlight or artificial light and convert it into electric current. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential of natural dye from red dragon fruit waste as a dye sensitizer. Red dragon fruit peel is initially extracted using methanol and the solution absorption spectra then is characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The absorption spectra is measured within a wavelength range of 400-800 nm. The characterization results show that the maximum absorption spectrum is at a wavelength of 446 nm. The natural dye solution then is used to immerse Fluorine Tin Oxide (FTO) coated with titanium dioxide (TiO2). The glass FTO is immersed in the dye solution for 24 hours. DSSC then is prepared by sandwiching the working electrode and counter electrode. An electrolyte solution is used to fill the interface between the two electrodes. The current and voltage (I-V) characteristics of DSSC is finally measured using amperemeter and voltmeter. The results indicated that the natural dye from the peel of red dragon fruit has potential as a dye sensitizer. Further research is still required to improve the performance of the DSSC.
Implementation of Hotspot Network for Internal Campus Communications Utilizing Smartphone and Free Software
Authors: Sudiarta Pande Ketut , Ardana I Putu 
Published: December 2017

VoIP (voice over internet protocol) telephone communication using a data network. There is a change in switching from circuit switching technology into packet switching. Phone exchange can now use the Personal Computer equipped VoIP applications. Even the development of mobile phone technology to make VoIP communication can be performed utilizing the Smartphone. VoIP applications commonly use such as WhatsApp, Line etc. However, this application will cut the user data packets and often the quality is not satisfactory due to limited bandwidth and location of the remote server. During this time, Udayana University campus at several locations has been equipped with Hotspot network is mostly used to connect to the Internet. Hotspot network can also be used for voice communications with VoIP technology by adding a VoIP server. This concept not raises communication costs and should produce sound quality will be better because of the close location of the server. Because that researchers need to develop a model of telephone communication network utilizing Smartphone hotspot and students to be able to communicate in a campus environment. Method of this research is to develop a network utilizing hotspots and VoIP telephone exchange using the mini PC installed software FreePBX. On the side of the Smartphone using the free soft phone application and for aircraft used FXS analog phone as a codec. Tests will be performed for the communication between Smartphone and Smartphone to FXS terms of QOS and MOS produced. The results obtained, if the latency and packet loss have a value corresponding to the Real Time Protocol (RTP), the obtained MOS appropriate for the codec used while with the same codec if the value of packet loss and latency results are high then MOS obtained be small or less good quality. So the quality of VoIP is highly dependent on the quality of the signal obtained hotspot. In general, VoIP communication using a Smartphone connected to the server on the network hotspot mini pc can be used as a voice communication on campus.
Analysis Grounding System as Building Equipment Security Udayana University Denpasar
Authors: Janardana I G. N. , Wijaya W. Arta , Partha Cok Gede Indra , Budiastra N. 
Published: December 2017

Grounding system is one of the components in building equipment security. To fulfill the operational continuity of electronic equipment in Faculty of Engineering, Udayana University, Denpasar, a grounding system with a ground resistance of ? 3 ohms is required to be installed. The aim of this study is to find out the characteristics of grounding system to secure the equipment in the building around the research location, with ground resistance of ? 3 ohms and it is expected to be beneficial to use as a reference in grounding system installation as well as. According to the measurement results at the research location, it is found that the soil resistance value is equal to 0.23 ohms, where the soil resistivity (?) is 28.89 Ohm-meters. There are some results analysis obtained in ground resistance value of ? 3 Ohm. Those are 1) grounding system type 1 rod where minimal depth installation of the electrode is 14 meters with ground resistance value of 2.6751 ohms; 2) grounding system type two rod with s < L, it is obtained that each depth is 8 meters with distance of 2 meters between electrodes, where the ground resistance value is 2.4940 ohms. In the installation of two electrodes with s > L, it is gained that the depth of each electrode is 6 meters where the distance between the electrodes is 8 meters and the ground resistance value is 2.8718 ohms. By applying the plates type grounding system with 3 meters in length, 1 meter in width, and 2 meters in installation depth is gained 2.8431 ohms ground resistance value. Furthermore, by applying grid type grounding system with 2 meters in length h = 2,5 meters in depth, A = 4 meters in width and the total length of the electrode diameter 1 cm is 504 meters, it is obtained 2.0978 ohms ground resistance value.
Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Kejibeling untuk Meningkatkan Fagositosis Makrofag dan Produksi Roi Makrofag “Studi Eksperimental pada mencit Swiss yang diinfeksi Staphylococcus aureus”
Authors: Setyawan Annaas Budi 
Published: December 2017

Penelitian ini membuktikan ekstrak daun kejibeling terhadap peningkatan fagositosis dan produksi ROI makrofag pada mencit yang diinfeksi bakteri S.aureus. Mencit dibagi menjadi empat kelompok. Kelompok kontrol (K), mencit diinfeksi bakteri S.aureus. Kelompok perlakuan (P1, P2, P3), mencit diinfeksi bakteri S.aureus diberi ekstrak daun kejibeling dengan dosis bertingkat 150;300;600mg/kgBB. Pemberian ekstrak daun kejibeling dilakukan selama delapan hari diinjeksi bakteri S.aureus 108 cfu sebanyak 0,2 mL dilakukan hari pertama secara intraperitoneal. Fagositosis makrofag dilakukan uji Annova dilanjutkan uji LDS. Produksi ROI makrofag dilakukan uji Kruskal wallis dilanjutkan uji Mann whitney U. Kedua uji hipotesis didapatkan p<0,05. Fagositosis makrofag uji LSD terdapat perbedaan bermakna kelompok kontrol(K) dengan perlakuan (P1,P2,P3) sedangkan kelompok perlakuan didapatkan perbedaan tidak bermakna yaitu; P1 dengan P3(p=0,150) dan P2 dengan P3(p=0,646). Produksi ROI makrofag pada uji Post Hoc dengan Mann Whitney menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna antar kelompok dengan nilai p<0,05. Ekstrak daun kejibeling dosis 150mg/kgBB bermakna meningkatkan fagositosis makrofag dan produksi ROI.
The Effect of Audio-Visual Media on The Students’ Participation in English Classroom
Authors: Sukma Denty Marga 
Published: December 2017

Educational technology has been widely spread to take part in the technology-based classroom. The article aims at investigating the effect of audio-visual media on the students’ participation in English classroom. The method used in this research is a case study. The data are collected through observation and interview. The data analysis shows that the students’ participation is in these three stages: pre-display, whilst-display and post-display in which the forms of participation are confirming teacher’s instruction, commenting to the video, having small discussion, asking questions and confirming the answer. Audio-visual media yield the stimuli to the students to gain the new knowledge and information beyond what is served to them. It influences the students to purposely participate in the classroom activities because they need to do so. Audio-visual media which give them the real description of particular context require them to perceive the gist using their sense of sound and sight.
Generating Test Data for Software Structural Testing using Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Thi Dinh 
Published: December 2017

Search-based test data generation is a very popular domain in the field of automatic test data generation. However, existing search-based test data generators suffer from some problems. By combining static program analysis and search-based testing, our proposed approach overcomes one of these problems. Considering the automatic ability and the path coverage as the test adequacy criterion, this paper proposes using Particle Swarm Optimization, an alternative search technique, for automating the generation of test data for evolutionary structural testing. Experimental results demonstrate that our test data generator can generate suitable test data has higher path coverage than the previous one.
Embodied Cognition and Human-Machine Coexistence
Authors: Smith Norris L. , Hamid Oussama H. 
Published: December 2017

Recently, we discussed the relative importance of direct perception, embodiment, metaphors, and ethics for cooperative human-machine coexistence. The present paper deepens the examination of embodiment and direct perception by considering differences between computational and representational models on one hand and embodied cognition on the other. We found that to achieve true artificial intelligence (AI) and, hence, a cooperative human-machine coexistence, research must overcome the limitations of computational and representational models. This can be reached by connecting machines to the world through bodies that exhibit sensory and motor skills as demonstrated by embodied cognition. Furthermore, substantial improvement in AI could be achieved by adopting a hybrid framework in which embodiedcognition, for example, may contain representational, abstract, and symbolic aspects. The adoption of such a “both and” instead of “either or” view is a more realistic approach for progress in AI applications.
Petrophysical Properties of the Upper Qamchuqa Carbonate Reservoir through Well Log Evaluation in the Khabbaz Oilfield
Authors: Ghafur Ala A. , Hasan Dana A. 
Published: December 2017

Khabbaz oilfield has a symmetrical subsurface anticline with a length of 20 km and a width of 4 km. Despite the fact that Khabbaz oilfield has a small size structure, it is known as one of the massive Oilfields in Iraq. The reservoirs of Khabbaz oilfield are produced by both Cretaceous and Tertiary rocks. The Upper Qamchuqa reservoir is the most productive reservoir of the Khabbaz oilfield with thickness ranges between 138 to 170 m. This formation is subdivided into two units, from the top is Unit A with a thickness of 67 m and from the bottom is Unit B with a thickness of 84.5 m. From a full set of log data of three wells (Kz-1, Kz-13 and Kz-14), the petrophysical properties of Khabbaz oilfield has been evaluated. The wireline log data includes gamma-ray log, sonic log, neutron log, density log and resistivity logs, both Rxo and Rt logs. This study revealed that Unit A represents the best reservoir characteristics where Unit A is subdivided into six reservoir subunits named (1-A, 2-A, 3-A, 4-A, 5-A and 6-A). They are separated by five non-reservoir subunits named 1-N, 2-N, 3-N, 4-N and 5-N. In addition to a less porous reservoir unit that is called Unit B, which has been divided into four reservoir subunits named 1-B, 2-B, 3-B and 4-B. These are separated by five non-reservoir units named 1-N, 2-N, 3-N, 4-N and 5-N. It has been recognized that both reservoir units A and B are clean formations and have minimum shale volume with high porosity in limestone and dolomite to dolomitic limestone lithology with high oil saturation and low water saturation. Based on the above reservoir characteristics it can be concluded that the reservoir units of the Khabbaz oilfield contain a massive commercial hydrocarbon accumulation.
Constitutional Rights and Liberties in the Islamic Republic
Authors: Nick Pay Vahid 
Published: December 2017

This study is aimed at analyzing aspects of individual rights and liberties in theocratic systems by examining the Iranian Constitution as a case study. As it will be shown the current constitution (1979) appears to be riddled with several formal and epistemological inconsistencies, arising from its fundamental ideological underpinnings. Surprisingly these have rarely been subject to systematic analysis capable of addressing both the form and content of the Fundamental Law. My previous manuscript in 2014, provided the basis for such an analysis in an academic format. Nonetheless, in the light of recent updates to Iranian normative system, in particular the prevailing Islamic Penal Code, this requires a thorough revision and reinterpretation. In this pursuit, various linguistic, legal, procedural and conceptual tools have been deployed to highlight inadequacies and incoherencies in support of the claim that the country currently lacks clear normative frameworks for guaranteeing basic rights and freedoms, which should be the raison d'être of all fundamental loci of rights. In addition, as it is argued below, serious conceptual flaws in the constitution of the Islamic Republic itself could be regarded as the prime suspect for the systematic violation of basic principles of rights and liberties, rather than an alleged failure to adhere to the constitution as it is often claimed.
The United Nations and the Kurds
Authors: Gunter Michael M. 
Published: December 2017

The letter provides a brief overview of the evolution of the United Nations’ treatment of the Kurdish question. It traces the issue from Rizgari Kurd’s formal appeal to the UN General Assembly in 1946 for Kurdish self-determination to the UN disapproval of Iraqi Kurdistan’s referendum of independence. The paper points one more time to the fundamental inconsistency between the UN principles of self-determination and territorial integrity.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Hantaran Pengantin Pengisi Waktu Luang bagi Ibu PKK
Authors: Susilowati Sri , Farida Ilya 
Published: December 2017

The aims of the Community Service is to empower the target audience to have knowledge about the importance of using leisure time with positive activities that can bring in additional income by making bridal delivery for a group of PKK women in Griya Permata Hijau Housing, Candi, Sidoarjo. Methods used for the implementation of Community Service activities are as follows: 1. Provision of materials with lecture and discussion or question and answer methods related to materials and equipment used for training the manufacture of bridal delivery, 2. Practice Method is used when the Tutor demonstrate bridal delivery process with Tutor guidance. Community service activities are expected to increase knowledge for a group of PKK mothers related to the problem of bridal bridge making skills, so later after following this activity have the knowledge and skills that can be utilized to fill the spare time with positive activities and can help to supplement family income through the utilization of delivery services for the needy. Increased knowledge and skills in addition to increase family income, is expected to also improve the welfare and quality of life for his family. Keywords: Bridal Bridges, Leisure Time, Sidoarjo’s women
KAJIAN FILSAFAT ILMU DAN FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN TENTANG RELATIVISME KULTURAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT MORAL
Authors: Budiwibowo Satrijo 
Published: December 2017

<div style="text-align: JUSTIFY;"><p>Pedagogics as the mainstream in edication, requires practical notions generated from phylosophy so that the contents can fulfil conceptual and functional substances. Phylosophy proposes questions and search for reality and experience which are usually found in educational practice. Phylosophy and education are interrelated, where problems of education and those of phylosophy belong to the same area. The development of conceptual frameworks is spawned by phylosophy. Educational phylosophy bears schools as naturalism, idealism, realism, pragmatism, progressivism, esentialism and perenialism. Morality has become a set of rules of the way people mutually need the others, rationally receive for the sake of mutual benefits in the obedience of the rules. The most crucial problem of social contract is the mutual trust against others,obedience of rules, except in a very specific condition.</p></div>