bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Longterm Effect of Early Intensive Treatment of Seniors with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comparison of 2 Population-based Cohort Studies on Time to Joint Replacement Surgery
Authors: Widdifield Jessica , Moura Cristiano S. , Wang Yishu , Abrahamowicz Michal , Paterson J. Michael , Huang Anjie , Beauchamp Marie-Eve , Boire Gilles , Fortin Paul R. , Bessette Louis , Bombardier Claire , Hanly John G. , Feldman Debbie , Bernatsky Sasha ,   The CAnadian Network for Advanced Interdisciplinary Methods for comparative effectiveness research (CAN-AIM)
Published: February 2016

Objective.Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) have the greatest effect when initiated early. We evaluated the influence of early exposure to DMARD on time to joint replacement surgery among patients with incident rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Method.Using a common protocol, we undertook 2 independent population-based cohort studies of patients with incident RA aged 66 years or older in Ontario (ON) and Quebec (QC) covering the period 2000–2013. We used Cox proportional hazards regression with time-dependent variables measuring duration of drug use in the first year, separately for methotrexate (MTX) and other DMARD, adjusting for baseline demographics, clinical factors, and other potentially confounding drug exposures. Our outcome measure was any joint replacement derived from standardized procedure codes. Adjusted HR and 95% CI were estimated.Results.Among 20,918 ON and 6754 QC patients with RA followed for a median of 4.5 years, 2201 and 494 patients underwent joint replacement surgery for crude event rates of 2.0 and 1.4 per 100 person-years, respectively. Greater cumulative exposure to MTX (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95–0.98) and other DMARD (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97–0.99) in the first year after diagnosis was associated with longer times to joint replacement in ON, corresponding to a 2–3% decrease in the hazard of surgery with each additional month of early use. Similar results were observed in QC.Conclusion.Greater duration of exposure to DMARD soon after RA diagnosis was associated with delays to joint replacement surgery in both provinces. Early intensive treatment of RA may ultimately reduce demand for joint replacement surgery.
Opioid use and diabetes: An overview
Authors: Sharma Pawan , Balhara Yatan 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIllicit opioids have emerged as a major public health problem over the past century. It continues to remain so in the current times. From the studies conducted among the animals, it has been clear that there are acute as well as chronic effects of opioids on the endocrine system. Diabetes has been recognized as a major public health concern and is expected to be a major problem in the coming decades. In this article, we shall discuss the effects of opioids in the glucose homeostasis in both the animal population and human population and its relation to diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes and fasting during Ramzan
Authors: Sahay Rakesh , Nagesh V. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractFasting is one of the five pillars of Islam, and consequently, even the Muslims with diabetes prefer to fast fast during Ramadan, irrespective of the healthcare implications. However, this fast can be very difficult to manage in patients of Type 1 diabetes (T1DM), who are on insulin therapy. Risks of diabetic ketoacidosis, severe hypoglycaemia, hyperglycemia, dehydration and thrombotic episodes are increased. Lack of proper pre-fast assessment, management and diabetes education have been stumbling blocks in facilitating Ramadan fasting in type 1 diabetes patients. Recent developments like the use of insulin pumps and analogs and recognition of the importance of structured diabetes education and assessment to select the patients best suited for the rigors of fasting, have wrought a sea change in the usually negative approach of doctors towards Ramadan fasting in patients with T1DM. Sophisticated therapeutic options like smart insulins, can provide safer and more convenient options for management of Type 1 diabetes during Ramadan, a few years down the line. More studies are also needed to explore other options like GLP-1 agonists, alpha glycosides inhibitors and DDP-4 agonists, as adjuncts to insulin therapy.
Self-care practices among diabetes patients registered in a chronic disease clinic in Puducherry, South India
Authors: Selvaraj Kalaiselvi , Ramaswamy Gomathi , Radhakrishnan Shrivarthan , Thekkur Pruthu , Chinnakali Palanivel , Roy Gautam 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Background: In management of diabetes, self-care plays an important role in prevention of complications. This study aims to find the proportion of diabetic patients following the recommended self-care practices in an urban area of Puducherry. Materials and Methods: Consecutive eligible patients registered in chronic disease clinic were interviewed using Summary of Diabetes Self Care Activities Score (SDSCA) questionnaire. Self-care practices were evaluated in domains of diet, physical activity, foot-care, adherence to medications and blood glucose monitoring. All domains were scored from the range of 0 to 7. Results: Totally 162 diabetic patients were interviewed. The mean (SD) age of participants was 57 (11.1) yrs. Among all domains, adherence to medication was the highest (95.6 %) followed by avoidance of selected food items (99.4%). Almost 78% of patients had their blood sugar checked at least once in the last three months. Only half of them (50.6%) had followed at least 20 minutes of leisure time physical activity. Except washing of foot (83.3%) all other foot care practices were less commonly (35-57%) followed. Conclusion: The study shows that higher level of compliance to self-care practices in terms of taking drugs and diet but self-care in other domains such as foot care is alarmingly low.
The Surplus of the Machine: Trope and History in The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte
Authors: Bost Matthew W. , May Matthew S. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
This article stages a new encounter between rhetorical studies and the thought of Karl Marx. We examine one of Marx's central writings on French history, The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, arguing that Marx's text enacts a philosophy of rhetorical trope that facilitates new and productive connections between philosophy, rhetoric, and theories of social change. Focusing on Marx's use of metonymy and chiasmus to structure his narrative, we argue that these figures function as rhetorical machines—textual devices that render legible the causal logics which led to Napoleon Bonaparte's nephew Louis being crowned emperor of France following an 1851 coup d'état. In addition, our diagram of Marx's tropological machines highlight points of unspent potential for resistance within and against such causal logics. We thus establish Marx as a resource for materialist theories of rhetorical trope, demonstrating the value of his concepts for accessing the political surplus of the present.
Aula de história: evento, ideia e escrita
Authors: Rocha Helenice Aparecida Bastos 
Published: February 2016

<p>O artigo busca contribuir para o tratamento da aula e de seu planejamento como conteúdos na formação de professores de História. Para isso, dialoga com bibliografia historiográfica e pedagógica sobre o tema, considerando a especificidade dos conteúdos e objetivos da aula de História no ensino básico. Levando em conta a pluralidade constitutiva de alternativas didáticas para o ensino de história na escola, o texto se divide em quatro partes: a aula como unidade singular e rotineira, especificidades curriculares da história escolar e da organização do ensino na escola, o planejamento do ensino em diferentes escalas e o planejamento de sequencias didáticas como uma primeira escrita da história escolar que se realiza na aula.</p>
Asymmetric Aqueous Supercapacitor Based on Zinc Oxide‐Manganese Oxide Cathode Material and Fe─Ni Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Anode Material
Authors: Paul Aparna , Dey Shraban , Goswami Gopal Sebak , Chakraborty Anjan , Murmu Naresh Chandra , Kuila Tapas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRecent advancements in negative electrode materials for supercapacitors have garnered significant attention due to their potential to enhance energy density. These materials are crucial in improving the performance of supercapacitors, particularly in terms of specific capacitance. Fe oxide‐based composites are attractive negative electrode materials for cutting‐edge supercapacitor technologies because of their high specific capacitance, broad potential window, outstanding cycle stability and adaptability in asymmetric design. The synthesized Fe─Ni oxide/reduced graphene oxide (FNG) composite delivered ≈500 F g−1 specific capacitance at ≈2 A g−1 current density. The work also describes the hydrothermal synthesis of a bimetallic oxide like zinc oxide‐manganese oxide (ZMO) as a positive material to fabricate asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC). The electrochemical results achieved from the three‐electrode configuration of ZMO indicate true pseudocapacitive behavior with the triangular charge–discharge curve. The fabricated ASC with ZMO as cathode and FNG as anode delivered energy, and power densities are ≈32 W h kg−1 and ≈2.3 kW kg−1, respectively.
Low‐Grade Water as a Promising Candidate for Green Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Chauhan Deepak , Itagi Mahesh , Ahn Young‐Ho 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this study, low‐grade water as an alternative to pure water for generating green hydrogen is studied using non‐precious hafnium nickel diselenide/reduced graphene oxide (HfNiSe2/rGO) electrocatalyst. The model electrocatalyst has performed well for hydrogen and oxygen generation. To attain 10 mA cm−2 of current density, it requires only 1.56, 1.58, and 1.61 V for deionized water (DI), tertiary effluent (TE), and raw wastewater (RWW), respectively, with high durability. In addition to generating green energy, pollutants are successfully removed during electrolysis. The synthesized hafnium‐based electrocatalyst is active toward urea electrolysis, requiring only 1.46 V for 10 mA cm−2 with high stability. Replacing high‐purity water with low‐grade water opens a new opportunity window for establishing a sustainable hydrogen economy and water management strategies.
SPP1+ TAM Regulates the Metastatic Colonization of CXCR4+ Metastasis‐Associated Tumor Cells by Remodeling the Lymph Node Microenvironment
Authors: Dong Liang , Hu Shujun , Li Xin , Pei Shiyao , Jin Liping , Zhang Lining , Chen Xiang , Min Anjie , Yin Mingzhu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLymph node metastasis, the initial step in distant metastasis, represents a primary contributor to mortality in patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the underlying mechanisms of lymph node metastasis in OSCC remain incompletely understood. Here, the transcriptomes of 56 383 single cells derived from paired tissues of six OSCC patients are analyzed. This study founds that CXCR4+ epithelial cells, identified as highly malignant disseminated tumor cells (DTCs), exhibited a propensity for lymph node metastasis. Importantly, a distinct subset of tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) characterized by exclusive expression of phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) is discovered. These TAMs may remodel the metastatic lymph node microenvironment by potentially activating fibroblasts and promoting T cell exhaustion through SPP1‐CD44 and CD155‐CD226 ligand‐receptor interactions, thereby facilitating colonization and proliferation of disseminated tumor cells. The research advanced the mechanistic understanding of metastatic tumor microenvironment (TME) and provided a foundation for the development of personalized treatments for OSCC patients with metastasis.
Emergence delay effect on maize (Zea mays L.) nitrogen uptake
Authors: Albarenque Susana , Basso Bruno , Melchiori Ricardo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSpatial and temporal variability in plant emergence may cause differences in nitrogen (N) uptake by crops leading to a mismatch between plant nitrogen requirements and nitrogen supply, with negative environmental and economic impacts. We aimed to understand N uptake and concentration (%) in unevenly emerged plants by conducting experiments in pre‐determined yield stability zones (YSZs) in three farmers’ fields planted to maize (Zea mays L.). We found that maize emergence ranged from 64 to 124.1°C day, with significant variability between YSZ in two of three fields. Maize biomass plant‐to‐plant variation decreased from maize six leaves stage (V6) to maize silking stage (R1). At maize physiological maturity (R6), biomass ranged from 54 to 736 g plant−1 and was significantly affected by YSZ (p < 0.001). In the cases where late‐emerging plants accumulated less N than early emerging plants, this led to altered N partitioning within the plant (i.e., nitrogen harvest index decrease). Although N concentration in the grains remained unaffected by late emergence, the N concentration in the biomass increased. This was likely due to a reduced total biomass and the lack of a N sink (i.e., less yield per plant due to less grain per plant). The absence of variations in N utilization across emergence classes, coupled with the significant impact observed in the YSZ, reinforces the advantages of focusing on N management fitted to YSZ. Understanding the impact that the spatial and temporal variation of plant emergence has on maize N uptake is important in helping to improve N input prescription maps, N‐use efficiency, and reduce N losses to the environment.
Synthesis, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity with in silico ADMET Prediction, Molecular Docking and Dynamics Studies of Carbazole Ring Containing Thiazole Schiff Bases
Authors: Marufa Sumita Saznin , Rahman Mohammad Mostafizur , Rahman Mizanur , Jahan Rownok , Ara Gulshan , Nishino Hiroshi , Alam Mohammad Sayed , Haque Md. Aminul 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTwelve thiazole hybrids (2 a–2 l) were synthesized in this study incorporating with Schiff base and carbazole scaffolds and characterized by spectral analyses. Antimicrobial activity and antioxidant potency were investigated by agar disc diffusion method and DPPH free radical scavenging assays where trimethyldihydrothiazole 2 c had revealed its higher efficacy in both biological studies. It had displayed IC50 of 25.55±0.40 μg/mL which is higher than the standard ascorbic acid (IC50=41.31±1.83 μg/mL) as well as dihydrothiazoylchromenone 2 e showed promising antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 40.82±0.54. The compound 2 c satisfied all the ADME properties and toxicological parameters with maximum drug score value (0.39) among all derivatives. Molecular docking was undertaken for higher bioactive compounds where 2 c revealed its wide range of interactions with different amino acid residues which was also endorsed with the output of molecular dynamics simulation.
Dearomative Addition of Carboranyl Anions to Isoquinolinium Salts and Subsequent Reduction to Access Carborane‐Functionalized 1,2‐Dihydroisoquinolines and 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroisoquinolines
Authors: Gao Yun‐Fan , Xu Chen‐Ming , Yu Ming‐Hui , Zhang Yongna , Wu Xiao‐Jun , Wang You‐Qing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA dearomative addition of readily available carboranyllithium reagents to isoquinolinium salts gave a series of carborane cage C‐substituted 1,2‐dihydroisoquinolines in 43–85 % yields. Subsequent hydrogenation enabled the facile synthesis of corresponding carboranyl 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinolines in 65–95 % yields. The addition‐reduction pathway is applicable to a wide range of substituted isoquinolinium salts and o‐carborane or m‐carborane.
Token economies: Evidence‐based recommendations for practitioners
Authors: degli Espinosa Francesca , Hackenberg Timothy D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractToken economies are among the oldest and most successful teaching programs in applied behavior analysis. Despite a rich history of basic and applied research on token systems, there remains a research‐to‐practice gap. Our aim in this paper is to bridge this gap between research and application, by providing evidence‐based recommendations and practical guidelines for application of token reinforcement methods. The recommendations in Part 1 are for building a token economy from the ground up, in learners without a history of token reinforcement, whereas those in Part 2 are concerned with existing token economies without regard to how they were established. Although token economies have proven generally effective across a range of settings and populations, they could be even more effective when based on the latest research and theory. Thus, apart from specific recommendations, we hope to show the benefits of an integrated evidence‐based approach to the application of token reinforcement principles in educational and clinical settings.
Antioxidant, Apoptotic, and Wound Healing Effects of Xantolis Cambodiana Extracts in Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts
Authors: Buranrat Benjaporn , Laoprom Nonglak , Saenmanot Soraya , Chaisri Patcharaporn 
Published: September 2024

AbstractXantolis cambodiana has demonstrated significant antioxidant properties; however, the mechanisms underlying its protective effects against oxidative stress in cellular systems remain unexplored. This work investigated the efficacy of methanolic extracts in exhibiting oxidative damage and examined their mechanisms. The methanolic extract had a high phenolic content (116.89±29.01 mg GAE/g FW) and exhibited scavenging of 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radicals with an IC50 value of 42.35±9.20 μg/ml. In addition, it had the highest antioxidant activity based on ferric‐reducing antioxidant power (467.45±50.74 mg AA/100 g). Normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cells were pretreated with the methanolic extract in a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; 500 mM)‐induced oxidative stress model, which resulted in a significant decrease in apoptosis and autophagy. Not only did the methanolic extract reduce mitochondrial membrane potential, it also stimulated NHDF cell migration and reduced reactive oxygen species production through mitochondrial dysfunction in the H2O2‐induced stress model. These findings suggested that the methanolic extract (25 μg/ml) attenuated H2O2‐induced oxidative stress in NHDF cells, significantly reducing apoptosis, autophagy, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, this extract has the potential to support the wound healing process due to its antioxidant activity.
Rescaling NMR for a Larger Deployment in Drug Discovery: Hyperpolarization and Benchtop NMR as Potential Game‐Changers
Authors: Bütikofer Matthias , Stadler Gabriela R. , Torres Felix 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is recognized as the gold standard method in fragment‐based drug design for screening, hit validation, and affinity determination. However, its deployment at a large scale is limited by the cost and expertise needed to implement NMR as a routine drug discovery method. The increase in the adoption of fragment‐based drug design created a need for biophysics to provide high‐quality data for weak ligand‐target interactions that can be implemented at scale. NMR must adapt its position in drug design operations to enter this new era. The recent development of commercially available benchtop NMR spectrometers in combination with hyperpolarization methods represents an opportunity for highly deployable and scalable systems.
Large language model evaluation for high‐performance computing software development
Authors: Godoy William F. , Valero‐Lara Pedro , Teranishi Keita , Balaprakash Prasanna , Vetter Jeffrey S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe apply AI‐assisted large language model (LLM) capabilities of GPT‐3 targeting high‐performance computing (HPC) kernels for (i) code generation, and (ii) auto‐parallelization of serial code in C ++, Fortran, Python and Julia. Our scope includes the following fundamental numerical kernels: AXPY, GEMV, GEMM, SpMV, Jacobi Stencil, and CG, and language/programming models: (1) C++(e.g., OpenMP [including offload], OpenACC, Kokkos, SyCL, CUDA, and HIP), (2) Fortran (e.g., OpenMP [including offload] and OpenACC), (3) Python (e.g., numpy, Numba, cuPy, and pyCUDA), and (4) Julia (e.g., Threads, CUDA.jl, AMDGPU.jl, and KernelAbstractions.jl). Kernel implementations are generated using GitHub Copilot capabilities powered by the GPT‐based OpenAI Codex available in Visual Studio Code given simple<kernel> + <programming model> + <optional hints>prompt variants. To quantify and compare the generated results, we propose a proficiency metric around the initial 10 suggestions given for each prompt. For auto‐parallelization, we use ChatGPT interactively giving simple prompts as in a dialogue with another human including simple “prompt engineering” follow ups. Results suggest that correct outputs for C++correlate with the adoption and maturity of programming models. For example, OpenMP and CUDA score really high, whereas HIP is still lacking. We found that prompts from either a targeted language such as Fortran or the more general‐purpose Python can benefit from adding language keywords, while Julia prompts perform acceptably well for its Threads and CUDA.jl programming models. We expect to provide an initial quantifiable point of reference for code generation in each programming model using a state‐of‐the‐art LLM. Overall, understanding the convergence of LLMs, AI, and HPC is crucial due to its rapidly evolving nature and how it is redefining human‐computer interactions.
A high‐throughput flexible lossless compression and decompression architecture for color images
Authors: Xu Tongqing , Yao Tan , Li Ning , Li JunMing , Min Xinlong , Xiao Hao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLossless image compression techniques shrink the image size to improve the transmission efficiency and reduce the occupied storage space while ensuring the quality of the image is lossless. Among them, the LOCO‐I/JPEG‐LS algorithm benefits high lossless compression ratio and low computational complexity and thus is widely used for various real‐time applications. However, due to the problems of the context dependency in the LOCO‐I, the parallelism in the algorithm is greatly constrained, which significantly limits the throughput and the real‐time performance of hardware implementations. Existing designs achieve more parallelism by using a lot of hardware costs or straightforward chunking with losing compression ratio. In order to trade off the parallelism and the compression ratio, this paper proposes a chunk‐oriented error modeling scheme for LOCO‐I, which enables parallelism in both compression and decompression and achieves a better compression ratio in chunks. Based on the optimized algorithm, a high‐throughput flexible lossless compression and decompression architecture (HFCD) is proposed, which achieves higher pixel per clock (PPC) with less hardware cost. Additionally, HFCD introduces a parameter sharing mechanism to enable random access of image chunks to improve the flexibility for decompression. Experimental results show that, compared with state‐of‐the‐art works, HFCD achieves 3.02–13.50 times improvement for the PPC of compression. For decompression, benefiting from our optimizations, HFCD achieves 22.4 times speedup compared to the software solution.