bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Programmable multifunctional integrated microwave photonic circuit on thin-film lithium niobate
Authors: Marpaung David , Wei Chuangchuang , Feng Hanke , Ye Kaixuan , Eijkel Maarten , Klaver Yvan , Keloth Akshay , CHEN Zhaoxi , Wang Cheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Microwave photonics, with its advanced high-frequency signal processing capabilities, is expected to play a crucial role in next-generation wireless communications and radar systems. The realization of highly integrated, high-performance, and multifunctional microwave photonic links will pave the way for its widespread deployment in practical applications, which is a significant challenge. Here, leveraging thin-film lithium niobate intensity modulator and programmable cascaded microring resonators, we demonstrate for the first time a tunable microwave photonic notch filter that simultaneously achieves high level of integration along with high dynamic range, high link gain, low noise figure, and ultra-high rejection ratio. Additionally, this programmable on-chip system is multifunctional, allowing for the dual-band notch filter and the suppression of the high-power interference signal. This work demonstrates the potential applications of the thin-film lithium niobate platform in the field of high-performance integrated microwave photonic filtering and signal processing, facilitating the advancement of microwave photonic system towards practical applications.
Integrating Patient Metadata and Pathogen Genomic Data: Advancing Pandemic Preparedness with a Multi-Parametric Simulator
Authors: Gala Jean-Luc , Bonjean Maxime , Jérôme Ambroise , Francisco Orchard , Alexis Sentis , Julie Hurel , Jessica Hayes , Máire Connolly 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Stakeholder training is essential for handling unexpected crises swiftly, safely, and effectively. Functional and tabletop exercises simulate potential public health crises using complex scenarios with realistic data. These scenarios are designed by integrating datasets that represent populations exposed to a pandemic pathogen, combining pathogen genomic data generated through high-throughput sequencing (HTS) together with patient epidemiological, clinical, and demographic information. However, data sharing between EU member states faces challenges due to disparities in data collection practices, standardisation, legal frameworks, privacy, security regulations, and resource allocation. In the H2020 PANDEM-2 project, we developed a multi-parametric training tool that links pathogen genomic data and metadata, enabling training managers to enhance datasets and customise scenarios for more accurate simulations. The tool is available as an R package: https://github.com/maous1/Pandem2simulator and as a Shiny application: https://uclouvain-ctma.Shinyapps.io/Multi-parametricSimulator/, facilitating rapid scenario simulations. A structured training procedure, complete with video tutorials and exercises, was shown to be effective and user-friendly during a training session with twenty PANDEM-2 participants. In conclusion, this tool enhances training for pandemics and public health crises preparedness by integrating complex pathogen genomic data and patient contextual metadata into training simulations. The increased realism of these scenarios significantly improves emergency responder readiness, regardless of the biological incident's nature, whether natural, accidental, or intentional.
Estimation of Soil Loss Using the RUSLE Model Integrated with GIS Tools: A Case Study of the Ribb Dam Catchment, Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Tefera Tamene , Teshome Asirat , Tadesse Workineh , Tadesse Adugnaw 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Soil erosion is a major environmental challenge, particularly in watersheds such as the Ribb Dam catchment, which contributes to sediment deposition in reservoirs and reduces the lifespan of dams. This study estimates the total soil loss from the Ribb Dam catchment using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model, integrated with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The RUSLE model evaluates soil erosion based on five factors: rainfall erosivity (R), soil erodibility (K), slope length and steepness (LS), land cover (C), and conservation practices (P). Input data for these factors were collected from Landsat satellite images, soil maps, rainfall data, and a 12.5m resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The model was used to identify erosion hotspots and assess the severity of soil loss across the catchment. The estimated annual soil loss ranged from 0 to 50 tons per hectare per year, with an average of 25 t/ha/yr. Approximately, 96% of the watershed experienced slight to very slight soil loss, while 4% of the area faced moderate to severe erosion, predominantly in the northern and central regions. The findings indicate that these areas require urgent conservation efforts to mitigate soil loss and ensure the long-term sustainability of the Ribb Dam. The integration of the RUSLE model with GIS provides a powerful tool for soil erosion prediction and conservation planning in erosion-prone watersheds.
A Multifaceted Hybrid ES-Robotic Device for Gait Training in Individuals with Neurological Disorders
Authors: Ambrosini Emilia , Dell'Eva Francesca , Guanziroli Eleonora , Camerini Viola , Gandolla Marta , Brignole Laura , Maludrottu Stefano , Gruppioni Emanuele , Ferrigno Giancarlo , Molteni Franco , Pedrocchi Alessandra 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The integration of robotics and Electrical Stimulation (ES) in neurorehabilitation combines the precise execution of complex tasks enabled by robotics with motor learning, muscle conditioning, and cardiovascular fitness induced by ES. We propose a hybrid lower-limb exoskeleton for gait training to maximize these benefits. Two neuromuscular electrical stimulators and a 4-degrees-of-freedom motorized exoskeleton were combined with different modalities: ES-motor cooperative integration for the swinging knee, synchronized but independently operating ES and motors for the hip both in swing and in stance phases, and for the knee during stance, and ES-only for the non-actuated ankle. Two conditions - exoskeleton only and hybrid - were compared on twelve non-disabled subjects and eleven participants with neurological disorders. Electrical stimulation reduced the output motor torque at the knee by approximately 50%, while maintaining comparable movement performance (tracking errors <8° in both conditions and groups). Overall, the hybrid system was perceived as more usable by participants with neurological disorders compared to the exoskeleton alone, with an improvement of around 16%. These results are promising for developing lighter exoskeletons with potentially enhanced therapeutic benefits for motor learning.
Ezochiite and shiranuiite = cuprorhodsite and are not new mineral species
Authors: Cabri Louis J. , McDonald Andrew M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Ezochiite was described as a newly–discovered platinum–group mineral in the thiospinel group having an ideal formula of Cu+(Rh3+Pt4+)S4 (Nishio-Hamane and Saito, 2024), but the data presented show it is a platinian cuprorhodsite, Cu(Rh,Pt)2S4 (Cabri et al. 2023; Rudashevsky et al. 1985). Similarly, Nishio-Hamane et al. (2024) describe shiranuiite as a new mineral having an ideal formula of Cu+(Rh3+Rh4+)S4 on the basis of assumed valences. Thus, instead of weighing the significance of chemical substitution in a PGE-dominant thiospinel, the readership is instead burdened with accepting that there are three potential minerals with virtually identical crystal structures and similar, but supposedly distinct, chemical compositions. In the absence of any new, compelling data, particularly in regard to the valences of the ions present in both ezochiite and shiranuiite, it is argued that both are not new mineral species but instead represent varieties of cuprorhodsite.
An Overview of Microfluidic Phenotype Separation of Bacteria
Authors: Juliet Vimala , Ganesan Sanchanna , C Likith Kumar , Muthuramamoorthy Muthumareeswaran , Alzahrani Khalid E , Alodhayb Abdullah N 
Published: September 2024

Abstract:
With the development of microfluidics technology, it is now possible in medical biotechnology to
examine clinical and rapid diagnostic operations involving pathogens, like bacteria and viruses. The method
of separating bacteria from complicated homogeneous and heterogeneous samples is one of the most important
steps in the diagnostic process. The microfluidic technology for bacterial separation offers a better and
more promising platform by combining several physical properties and characteristics of bacteria. In contrast,
the conventional method is time-consuming, limited to a few cell properties, and necessitates the completion
of several challenging steps and processes involving skilled manpower. The microfluidics platform also has a
number of advantages, including small-scale size, low cost, high efficiency, and simultaneous detection and
execution of further steps. This enables cell separation, analysis, and experimental processing on a single chip.
In this paper, we have analysed the mechanism of the bacterial separation process depending on phenocharacteristics
along with their benefits, constraints, and applications. In addition, the performance metrics
needed for the separation of the devices along with the challenges and future possibilities of developed devices,
which are described in the literature, are discussed in detail. Thus, this review offers a holistic analysis of
the separation of bacteria using microfluidic technology.
The Direct use of Metallic Ore Minerals as Catalysts in Organic Syntheses
Authors: Milen Mátyás , John Tamás Miklós , Pollák Patrik , Keglevich György 
Published: September 2024

:
Minerals occurring on earth have been used as raw materials by mankind for
thousands of years. Currently, more than 6000 mineral species are known, and a few of
them are common or abundant. It has long been known that minerals can catalyse chemical
processes. The catalytic activity of metallic ore minerals has been investigated primarily in
coal liquefaction and prebiotic chemistry and, to a lesser extent, in organic syntheses. This
review article discusses organic chemical reactions, in which metallic ore minerals have
been used as catalysts.
Target and Gene-Based Therapeutic Strategies against Pancreatic Cancer: Current and Future Prospects
Authors: Dwivedi Medha , Sanyal Sayak , Singh Sakshi , Dwivedi Manish , Sanyal Somali 
Published: September 2024

Abstract:
Despite tremendous advancements in knowledge, diagnosis, and availability of both traditional
and innovative treatments, pancreatic cancer remains a dangerous disease with a high
death rate and dismal prognosis. The traditional strategy in adjuvant and palliative settings is still
cytotoxic chemotherapy predicated on the purine derivative gemcitabine; nevertheless, there is an
increasing need for new medicines that target the primary molecular pathways and pathophysiological
abnormalities implicated. There is now just a tiny amount of evidence of therapeutic benefit
when the targeted drug erlotinib is added to the conventional gemcitabine treatment. In preclinical
and clinical trials, novel medications targeting mTOR, NF-κB, and proteasome, including the enzyme
histone deacetylase, are currently being studied alongside the well-established monoclonal
antibody treatments and small-molecule protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors. These novel medications
may change the negative natural progression of this illness in conjunction with gene therapy
and immunotherapy, both of which are undergoing clinical study. In this regard, leveraging miRNA
manipulation to combat cancer is appealing due to its promise to deliver personalized treatment
tailored to an individual's distinct gene or miRNA expression profile. Preclinical studies involving
animals have showcased the effectiveness of miRNA-based therapies, with several of these
treatments now progressing into human clinical trials for various malignancies and other medical
conditions. This review describes the important developments of targeted therapeutics that are
associated with pancreatic cancer and the discoveries which can help in dealing with this fatal malignancy
in a more significant manner.
In-Vitro Evaluation of The Stain Removal Efficacy Between Two Whitening Dentifrices During Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Yeoh Zhen Herr Eugene , Khan Khairil Aznan Mohamed , Marizan Nor Murshida , Baharin Badiah , Rani Haslina 
Published: September 2024

Background
This in-vitro study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of a newly developed whitening dentifrice, Dentaklin White (TG), to Colgate Total® Whitening (CG), utilising a toothbrushing simulator machine.

Methods
Twenty enamel specimens were prepared and randomly divided into CG and TG. Orthodontic brackets were attached to the enamel specimens and were then stained with a mixture of coffee, tea, and chlorhexidine. A short 0.019x0.025” stainless steel (SS) archwire was ligated onto the brackets subsequently. All the specimens were subjected to a toothbrushing simulator for specific duration. The CIE L*a*b* colour change (ΔE) was evaluated using digital image analysis at T1 (2 weeks), T2 (4 weeks), and T3 (12 weeks) compared to T0 (baseline). Archwire roughness was analysed using a profilometer at T4 (2 years) compared to T0.

Results
The results indicated that there was a significant change in tooth colour associated with brushing duration for both CG and TG (p<0.05) with no significant difference between the two dentifrices (p>0.05). Both dentifrices notably removed more stains at Site A (p<0.05) and increased wire surface roughness (p<0.05) without a statistically difference between them (p>0.05).

Conclusion
Dentaklin White (TG) demonstrated comparable efficacy to Colgate Total® Whitening (CG).
Exploring Caregiver Burden in Alzheimer's Disease: The Predictive Role Of Psychological Distress
Authors: Ameri Fatemeh , Rahmani Hedie , Mirhosseini Seyedmohammad , Basirinezhad Mohammad Hasan , Saeedi Maryam , Ebrahimi Hossein 
Published: September 2024

Background
Alzheimer's Disease [AD], the most prevalent form of dementia, is on the rise in terms of its prevalence. Individuals affected by this condition typically require extensive care across all aspects of daily living. The mental well-being of caregivers for those with dementia stands as a significant public concern. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the association between the burden of caregiving and the psychological distress experienced by family caregivers of individuals with AD.

Methods
This cross-sectional study employed a census method and involved the participation of 150 caregivers of Alzheimer's patients in Shahroud, Iran. To assess the eligibility of family caregivers, the inclusion criteria comprised minimal literacy in reading and writing and at least six months of care for an individual with AD.. Exclusion criteria included being a formal caregiver or employed in healthcare, having mental disorders, or using neuroleptic drugs among family caregivers. Data collection tools consisted of the Zarit Care Burden Inventory [ZBI] and Lovibond's Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale [DASS-21]. Information was gathered online and through self-reporting, followed by analysis using descriptive statistics [frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation], as well as inferential statistical tests [multivariate linear regression].

Results
In this study, the mean scores for caregiver burden, anxiety, stress, and depression were 28.09 ±13.01, 4.50 ±4.53, 8.12 ±4.98, and 4.69 ± 4.86, respectively. The study's findings revealed that with each additional hour spent on daily patient care, the burden score for caregivers increased by 0.327 units [p=0.025, β=0.327]. Furthermore, for every one-unit rise in stress [p<0.001, β=1.087] and depression scores [p=0.015, β=0.671], the burden score also increased by 1.087 and 0.671 units, respectively.

Conclusion
Caregivers of individuals with AD experienced notable levels of caregiving burden, particularly correlated with the duration of daily patient care and the manifestation of stress and depression symptoms. Hence, the study suggests the implementation of tailored interventions, such as psychoeducational programs, to provide vital support for these individuals.
4-hydroxyderricin from Angelica keiskei: Analysis, Preparation, and Multiple Skin Care Effects
Authors: Gong Xu , Tian Yun-Cai , Tian Yong , Zhang Wen-Huan , Wen Yan , Luo Yong-Xin , Wu Ri-Hui , Xu Xue-Tao , Gan Li-She 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
The content of the bioactive component 4-hydroxyderricin (4-HD) in the
roots, stems, and leaves of Angelica keiskei (Umbelliferae), a well-known medicinal and edible plant,
was analyzed by HPLC. The dry root contained the highest level (2. 69 ± 0.09 mg/g) of 4-HD, which
was then prepared and spectroscopically identified by column chromatography. Method: The multiple
skin care activities of 4-HD, including skin whitening, anti-allergy, and anti-inflammation, were
evaluated on enzymatic and cellular models. 4-HD showed a significant inhibitory effect on mushroom
tyrosinase, and it could also strongly suppress the activity of tyrosinase in B16F10 cells. A
molecular docking study revealed that 4-HD could closely bind to tyrosinase through hydrogen
bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Results: In the anti-allergic assay, 4-HD could effectively
reduce the degranulation rate in the neutral red staining test and largely down-regulate the release
level of β-HEX in RBL-2H3 cells at the concentration of 5 μM. 4-HD decreased the production of
NO in RAW264.7 cells induced by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), showing its anti-inflammatory effect.
Conclusion: The skin whitening, anti-allergic, and anti-inflammatory effects of 4-HD have clearly
demonstrated its potential usage in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
COVID-19 Vaccination-Induced Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris
Authors: Zavaleta-Monestel Esteban , Arguedas-Chacón Sebastián , García-Montero Jonathan , Quesada-Villaseñor Ricardo , Díaz-Madriz José Pablo , Rojas-Chinchilla Carolina , Hernández-López Josephine , Zovi Andrea , Langella Roberto 
Published: September 2024

Abstract:
Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, the rapid development of vaccines transformed immunization
strategies. With 70.6% of the global population vaccinated with at least one dose and 13.53
billion doses administered worldwide, certain dermatological side effects like Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris
(PRP) have been linked to the COVID-19 vaccination. This review aims to critically analyze the
existing evidence on the correlation between COVID-19 vaccination and PRP, emphasizing its incidence
and management strategies. A review of 62 articles was conducted, of which only 19 met the
inclusion criteria. Out of these, 16 had complete information necessary for the review. The review
identified 16 cases of PRP, predominantly in males (62.5%) with an average age of 59. A significant
percentage (44%) of cases occurred approximately 12 days after the third dose (booster). Symptoms
commonly included painful rashes, itching, and erythematous, reddish, scaly plaques. Treatments
varied, with oral retinoids and monoclonal antibody-based biological therapies being the most common.
The importance of continuous monitoring of dermatological side effects, such as PRP, is underscored,
especially as the world population will require ongoing booster shots. Standardizing PRP
treatment is a critical step toward ensuring optimal patient care.
The The Impact of COVID-19 on Immunization Services
Authors: Mathema Smriti 
Published: September 2024

There was a time when epidemics were of interest only to historians. In spite of the knowledge of the risks of emergent infectious diseases, Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) managed to disrupt the entire world. This new virus has the capacity to evade, adapt, diversify and persist. Human factors such as global travel, human-animal contact, urban crowding and ecological changes have helped favor the rapid spread. Epidemics are known to eventually resolve, whether succumbing to societal action or having exhausted the supplyof susceptible victims. COVID-19 too will be contained but it will leave a trail of devastating health consequences for low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) including Nepal.When governments responded in the hopes of slowing the course of the pandemic and reducing the total mortality, stringent controls were implemented, including school closures, bans on public gatherings, and other forms of isolation or quarantine. In Nepal, a nationwide complete lockdown commenced on the 24th March, 2020. This brought about a drastic decrease in demand for hospital services, mainly due to inaccessibility orthe health care seekersâ€™ apprehension of contracting the virus during a hospital visit. Elective surgeries and procedures were temporarily discontinued and preventive care such as antenatal and well-baby visits came to a complete halt in majority of the institutions nationwide. Although mortality rates for COVID-19 appeared to be low in children and in women in the reproductive age, these groups might be disproportionately affected by thedisruption of routine health services, particularly in LMICs.
Impact of self-perceived oral health and socio-economic factors on oral health-related behavior in Estonian adults
Authors: Sinijärv Marjo , Olak Jana , Murakas Rein , Runnel Riina 
Published: September 2024

Objective: To identify which socioeconomic factors are affecting oral health-related behavior and to provide suggestions for improving the population’s oral health.
Materials and methods: The survey includes population groups from age 35 and older from all 15 Estonian counties and major cities (n = 2,376). The study is based on data from a nationwide Estonian Adult Oral Health Survey questionnaire. In addition to analyzing eight aspects of oral health-related behavior and self-perceived oral health variables, the survey also includes participants’ socio-economic and demographic characteristics. The study utilizes frequency tables (including cumulative distributions), means, correlations, and regression analysis as its methods.
Results: The mean number of beneficial behaviors reported by the participant was 4.2 (SD 1.6). The value of the oral health-related behavior index (OHBI, the number of reported behaviors from the eight) is initially determined by the optimal timing between meals, abstinence from smoking, and the choice of drinking water or refraining from any intake between meals. Participants with higher OHBI tended to rate their self-perceived oral health better. Adherence to beneficial dental health-related behavior in Estonian adults is primarily influenced by gender, educational level, type of settlement, and household income level.
Conclusions: In order to significantly improve oral health and related behaviors, it is imperative to integrate dental services into universal health coverage and deliver ongoing oral health education for adults.