bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between parental hypertension and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents
Authors: Yoo Jung Eun , Park Hye Soon 
Published: March 2017

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between parental hypertension and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents. The authors analyzed data of 554 adolescents aged 13 to 19 years from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013. The associations between parental hypertension and cardiometabolic abnormalities in adolescents were evaluated through multivariate logistic regression. Parental hypertension was noted in 16.2% of participants. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overweight (OR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.01–4.28) and obesity (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.09–4.07) were significantly higher in participants with parental hypertension. The adjusted ORs for abdominal obesity (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.01–5.56), high blood pressure (OR, 3.05; 95% CI, 1.19–7.78), and elevated alanine transaminase defined as >35 IU/L (OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.03–7.95) were significantly higher in participants with parental hypertension. Prevention of cardiometabolic risk factors should be reinforced in the offspring of hypertensive parents.
Melatonin regulates PARP1 to control the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in human fetal lung fibroblast cells
Authors: Yu Songtao , Wang Xiaojiao , Geng Peiliang , Tang Xudong , Xiang Lisha , Lu Xin , Li Jianjun , Ruan Zhihua , Chen Jianfang , Xie Ganfeng , Wang Zhe , Ou Juanjuan , Peng Yuan , Luo Xi , Zhang Xuan , Dong Yan , Pang Xueli , Miao Hongming , Chen Hongshan , Liang Houjie 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCellular senescence is an important tumor‐suppressive mechanism. However, acquisition of a senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in senescent cells has deleterious effects on the tissue microenvironment and, paradoxically, promotes tumor progression. In a drug screen, we identified melatonin as a novel SASP suppressor in human cells. Strikingly, melatonin blunts global SASP gene expression upon oncogene‐induced senescence (OIS). Moreover, poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase‐1 (PARP‐1), a sensor of DNA damage, was identified as a new melatonin‐dependent regulator of SASP gene induction upon OIS. Here, we report two different but potentially coherent epigenetic strategies for melatonin regulation of SASP. The interaction between the telomeric repeat‐containing RNA (TERRA) and PARP‐1 stimulates the SASP, which was attenuated by 67.9% (illustrated by the case of IL8) by treatment with melatonin. Through binding to macroH2A1.1, PARP‐1 recruits CREB‐binding protein (CBP) to mediate acetylation of H2BK120, which positively regulates the expression of target SASP genes, and this process is interrupted by melatonin. Consequently, the findings provide novel insight into melatonin's epigenetic role via modulating PARP‐1 in suppression of SASP gene expression in OIS‐induced senescent cells. Our studies identify melatonin as a novel anti‐SASP molecule, define PARP‐1 as a new target by which melatonin regulates SASP, and establish a new epigenetic paradigm for a pharmacological mechanism by which melatonin interrupts PARP‐1 interaction with the telomeric long noncoding RNA(lncRNA) or chromatin.
A retrospective study of dogs with atypical hypoadrenocorticism: a diagnostic cut‐off or continuum?
Authors: Wakayama J. A. , Furrow E. , Merkel L. K. , Armstrong P. J. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesTo describe the clinicopathologic findings and outcome in dogs with atypical hypoadrenocorticism (Group 1) and dogs with suspected atypical hypoadrenocorticism whose post‐adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation cortisol concentrations were greater than 55 nmol/L but below the laboratory reference interval (Group 2).MethodsMedical records were searched to identify dogs diagnosed with hypoadrenocorticism between January 2004 and June 2014. Dogs were excluded if their Na:K ratio was less than 27 or if they had received prior therapy that could interfere with adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation testing.ResultsForty dogs were included in Group 1 and nine dogs in Group 2. In Group 1, the most common biochemical abnormalities were hypoalbuminaemia (87%) and hypocholesterolaemia (76%). Of 35 dogs in Group 1 with follow‐up biochemistry results, five (14%) developed electrolyte abnormalities at 2 to 51 months post diagnosis. Of seven dogs in Group 2 with follow‐up, glucocorticoid therapy was discontinued in two dogs without return of clinical signs, four dogs were subsequently diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease and one dog continued to have clinical signs despite glucocorticoid treatment.Clinical SignificanceDogs with gastrointestinal signs and hypoalbuminaemia and, or, hypocholesterolaemia should be evaluated for atypical hypoadrenocorticism. Follow‐up electrolyte monitoring is recommended because some will develop electrolyte abnormalities. Although dogs in Group 2 had a clinical presentation compatible with atypical hypoadrenocorticism, the diagnosis appears unlikely based on review of follow‐up data. Dogs with equivocal adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation results should be evaluated for other underlying diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease. The use of endogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone measurements in these dogs warrants investigation.
Tibial tuberosity advancement in small‐breed dogs usingTTARapid implants: complications and outcome
Authors: Dyall B. , Schmökel H. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveTo assess the perioperative complications and the outcome when treating small‐breed dogs with cranial cruciate ligament insufficiency with tibial tuberosity advancement using theTTARapid implant.Materials and Methods40 dogs (48 stifles) with cranial cruciate ligament insufficiency and body weight of 15 kg or less. Diagnosis was confirmed by arthroscopy or arthrotomy, followed by tibial tuberosity advancement surgery. Six weeks after surgery, the dogs were re‐evaluated with clinical examination and radiography. Mid‐ to long‐term outcome was assessed using client questionnaire.ResultsIntraoperative complications consisted of four osteotomy‐related fissures through the cranial cortex; two complete fissures were stabilised with a screw, the others healed without intervention. After surgery there were two tibial fractures and two incisional complications. Six weeks postoperatively, limb function was good to excellent in 43 dogs (94%). Two late meniscal injuries occurred. The overall major complication rate was 7/48 14·6%). Mid‐ to long‐term follow‐up information was available for 43 stifles: 34 stifles (79%) were free of lameness at a median of 72 weeks postoperatively. The outcome was rated excellent by 88% of the clients and good by 7%.Clinical SignificanceThe use ofTTARapid implants is an alternative for treatment of cranial cruciate ligament insufficiency in small‐breed dogs, with complication rates comparable to those recorded in larger breeds and to other techniques, and with a high degree of owner satisfaction.
Understanding the Adoption Process of National Security Technology: An Integration of Diffusion of Innovations and Volitional Behavior Theories
Authors: Iles Irina A. , Egnoto Michael J. , Fisher Liu Brooke , Ackerman Gary , Roberts Holly , Smith Daniel 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAfter the 9/11 terrorist attacks, the U.S. government initiated several national security technology adoption programs. The American public, however, has been skeptical about these initiatives and adoption of national security technologies has been mandated, rather than voluntary. We propose and test a voluntary behavioral intention formation model for the adoption of one type of new security technology: portable radiation detectors. Portable radiation detectors are an efficient way of detecting radiological and nuclear threats and could potentially prevent loss of life and damage to individuals’ health. However, their functioning requires that a critical mass of individuals use them on a daily basis. We combine the explanatory advantages of diffusion of innovation with the predictive power of two volitional behavior frameworks: the theory of reasoned action and the health belief model. A large sample survey (N = 1,482) investigated the influence of factors identified in previous diffusion of innovation research on portable radiation detector adoption intention. Results indicated that nonfinancial incentives, as opposed to financial incentives, should be emphasized in persuasive communications aimed at fostering adoption. The research provides a new integration of diffusion of innovation elements with determinants of volitional behavior from persuasion literature, and offers recommendations on effective communication about new security technologies to motivate public adoption and enhance national safety.
Detection of DNA from undeclared animal species in commercial elimination diets for dogs using PCR
Authors: Horvath‐Ungerboeck Christa , Widmann Karoline , Handl Stefanie 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundElimination diets are the gold standard for the diagnosis of adverse food reactions (AFR). A broad variety of commercial diets are available containing either hydrolysed protein or novel ingredients which claim to be suitable for elimination diets. Contamination may be one factor accounting for the failure of commercial elimination diet trials.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo test commercial diets labelled as suitable for elimination diets for dogs, for DNA of animal origin other than that declared on the label.MethodsTwelve commercial dry and tinned dog food products were investigated for DNA of animal origin (chicken, turkey, beef, mutton and pork) using PCR testing.ResultsIn nine of 10 over‐the‐counter diets, DNA of one or more animal species other than declared on the label was identified. The DNA most frequently detected was derived from beef (n = 8) and pork (n = 6). Two hydrolysed diets only contained DNA of the declared animal source.Conclusions and clinical importanceOver‐the‐counter “single protein diets” or canned meat products cannot be recommended for the diagnosis of dogs with AFR because contamination may cause the elimination diet to fail.
Cine y video experimental chileno: abriendo fronteras, problematizando historias
Authors: PINTO VEAS IVAN PABLO , Aravena Abughosh Claudia 
Published: March 2017

<p>El artículo tiene por objetivo establecer un panorama de tendencias recientes del audiovisual experimental chileno considerando recorridos más vinculados a la instalación artística, al documental ensayo y el llamado video-arte, moviéndose entre zonas y espacios institucionales. Junto con ello el texto busca pensar críticamente la dificultad histórica por asentar estas exploraciones en el universo audiovisual chileno, buscando antecedentes y situando contextualmente el objeto.</p><p> </p>
Precision orthotics: optimising ankle foot orthoses to improve gait in patients with neuromuscular diseases; protocol of the PROOF-AFO study, a prospective intervention study
Authors: Waterval Niels F J , Nollet Frans , Harlaar Jaap , Brehm Merel-Anne 
Published: March 2017

IntroductionIn patients with neuromuscular disorders and subsequent calf muscle weakness, metabolic walking energy cost (EC) is nearly always increased, which may restrict walking activity in daily life. To reduce walking EC, a spring-like ankle-foot-orthosis (AFO) can be prescribed. However, the reduction in EC that can be obtained from these AFOs is stiffness dependent, and it is unknown which AFO stiffness would optimally support calf muscle weakness. The PROOF-AFO study aims to determine the effectiveness of stiffness-optimised AFOs on reducing walking EC, and improving gait biomechanics and walking speed in patients with calf muscle weakness, compared to standard, non-optimised AFOs. A second aim is to build a model to predict optimal AFO stiffness.Methods and analysisA prospective intervention study will be conducted. In total, 37 patients with calf muscle weakness who already use an AFO will be recruited. At study entry, participants will receive a new custom-made spring-like AFO of which the stiffness can be varied. For each patient, walking EC (primary outcome), gait biomechanics and walking speed (secondary outcomes) will be assessed for five stiffness configurations and the patient's own (standard) AFO. On the basis of walking EC and gait biomechanics outcomes, the optimal AFO stiffness will be determined. After wearing this optimal AFO for 3 months, walking EC, gait biomechanics and walking speed will be assessed again and compared to the standard AFO.Ethics and disseminationThe Medical Ethics Committee of the Academic Medical Centre in Amsterdam has approved the study protocol. The study is registered at the Dutch trial register (NTR 5170). The PROOF-AFO study is the first to compare stiffness-optimised AFOs with usual care AFOs in patients with calf muscle weakness. The results will also provide insight into factors that influence optimal AFO stiffness in these patients. The results are necessary for improving orthotic treatment and will be disseminated through international peer-reviewed journals and scientific conferences.
Cohort profile: improving treatment of HIV-infected Ethiopian children through better detection of treatment failure in southern Ethiopia
Authors: Tadesse Birkneh Tilahun , Foster Byron Alexander , Jerene Degu , Ruff Andrea 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThe Ethiopian Paediatric HIV Cohort (EPHIC) was established to identify clinical and laboratory predictors of virological treatment failure to ultimately develop a clinical–immunological prediction rule with area under the curve of >0.80 for detecting first-line antiretroviral therapy failure (ARTF). It will also assess the performance of the current WHO guidelines for detection of first-line ARTF in children.ParticipantsUsing a prospective cohort design, HIV-infected children and adolescents below the age of 18 years are followed every 6 months with a set of clinical and laboratory parameters at 6 hospitals in southern Ethiopia. For inclusion in the cohort, children should be on or are initiating first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) and are not on second-line ART. Virological treatment failure is taken as the gold standard for the diagnosis of treatment failure.Findings to dateFrom October 2015 through April 2016, 628 children have been enrolled from 6 different HIV treatment centres across southern Ethiopia. The mean age at enrolment was 11.1 years and 47.6% were girls. Many of the children (88.6%) were at WHO Clinical stage 1 at time of enrolment. At enrolment, the mean duration on first-line ART was 45 months. Substitution of ART drugs was performed to nearly half (42.6%) of the cohort. Adherence as assessed with the Visual Analogue Scale was high (mean, 94.4%; SD=11.9). The median CD4 count of the cohort at enrolment was 741 with 3.1% having a value consistent with ARTF.Future plansRegular data uploads from the 6 hospitals in southern Ethiopia enable this cohort to be followed prospectively. The cohort will be completed in September 2017. The successful completion of this study will allow for better targeting of viral-load testing to those at highest risk in resource-poor settings and provide clinicians and policymakers with a practical prediction rule.Ethics approvalSNNPR Regional Health Bureau Institutional Review Board.
Feasibility and effect of home-based therapy programmes for children with cerebral palsy: a protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Beckers L W M E , Schnackers M L A P , Janssen-Potten Y J , Kleijnen J , Steenbergen B 
Published: February 2017

IntroductionGiven the promising advantages of upper extremity home-based programmes in children with cerebral palsy (CP), a systematic review of the available literature on this topic is warranted. The purpose of the systematic review described in this protocol is to investigate currently available home-based occupational therapy and physiotherapy programmes regarding both their feasibility and effect.Methods and analysisThis protocol describes a systematic review, developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015. Studies will be included in which primary data are collected, participants are children aged <18 years with any type of CP and the intervention of interest is a home-based occupational therapy or physiotherapy intervention. Comparators of interest are: no therapy, care as usual, centre-based occupational therapy or physiotherapy, an alternative home-based programme and a medical intervention. Studies will be included that report either on feasibility (ie, acceptability, demand, implementation, practicality, adaptation, expansion or integration) or on efficacy/effectiveness (ie, child-related upper extremity outcomes within all International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health levels or parent-related/caregiver-related outcomes on the psychological and social domain). Relevant studies will be identified by searching the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PEDro, OTSeeker and CPCI-S as well as the trial registers ICTRP and CENTRAL, the reference lists of included records and by circulating a bibliography of the included records to authors of included studies. There will be no restrictions on language or year of publication. The search strategy consists of terms related to the population and intervention. Data will be extracted in duplicate using a digital data extraction form.Ethics and disseminationThe proposed study does not involve collection of primary data. Accordingly, no ethical approval is required. The authors will disseminate the findings of this systematic review through publication in a peer-reviewed journal and conference presentation(s).Trial registration numberCRD42016043743; pre-results.
Association between bipolar spectrum disorder and bone health: a meta-analysis and systematic review protocol
Authors: Chandrasekaran Vinoomika , Brennan-Olsen Sharon L , Stuart Amanda L , Pasco Julie A , Berk Michael , Hodge Jason M , Williams Lana J 
Published: March 2017

IntroductionBipolar spectrum disorder is a chronic, episodic illness, associated with significant personal, social and economic burden. It is estimated to affect ∼2.4% of the population worldwide and is commonly associated with psychological and/or physiological comorbidities. Osteoporosis is one such comorbidity, a disease of bone that is asymptomatic until a fracture occurs. This systematic review attempts to capture, collate, assess and discuss the literature investigating the association between bipolar spectrum disorder and bone health.Methods and analysisWe aim to identify articles that investigate the association between bipolar spectrum disorder and bone health in adults by systematically searching the MEDLINE, PubMed, OVID and CINAHL databases. Two independent reviewers will determine eligibility of studies according to predetermined criteria, and methodological quality will be assessed using a previously published scoring system. A meta-analysis will be conducted, and statistical methods will be used to identify and control for heterogeneity, if possible. If numerical syntheses are prevented due to statistical heterogeneity, a best evidence synthesis will be conducted to assess the level of evidence for associations between bipolar spectrum disorder and bone health.Ethics and disseminationEthical permission will not be required for this systematic review since only published data will be used. This protocol will be registered with PROSPERO. Findings of the review will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal, and will be presented to clinical and population health audiences at national and international conferences.
Population trends in the 10-year incidence and prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the UK: a cohort study in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink 2004–2014
Authors: Mathur Rohini , Bhaskaran Krishnan , Edwards Emma , Lee Helen , Chaturvedi Nishi , Smeeth Liam , Douglas Ian 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesTo describe trends in the incidence and prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the UK by diabetes type, age, sex, ethnicity, deprivation, region and calendar year.DesignCohort study using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD).SettingUK primary care.Participants7.7 million patients ≥12 contributing to the CPRD from 2004 to 2014.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAge-standardised prevalence and incidence of diabetes, DR and severe DR (requiring photocoagulation) by calendar year and population subgroup. Relative risk of developing DR and severe DR by population subgroup.ResultsThe prevalence of DR was 48.4% in the population type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) (14 846/30 657) and 28.3% (95 807/338 390) in the population with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Prevalence of DR remained stable in people with T2DM and decreased in people with T1DM. Screening for DR increased over time for patients with T2DM and remained static for patients with T1DM Incidence of DR increased in parallel with the incidence of T2DM in both diabetic populations. Among patients with T2DM, relative risk of DR varied significantly by region, was increased for older age groups and in men compared with women, with risk of severe DR increased in South Asian groups and more deprived groups. Relative risk of DR for patients with T1DM varied by age and region, but not by gender, ethnic group or deprivation.ConclusionsThis is the largest study to date examining the burden of DR in the UK. Regional disparities in incidence may relate to differences in screening delivery and disease ascertainment. Evidence that deprivation and ethnicity are associated with a higher risk of severe DR highlights a significant potential health inequality. Findings from this study will have implications for professionals working in the diabetes and sight loss sectors, particularly to inform approaches for diagnosis of retinopathy and campaigning to better tackle the disease for at risk groups.