bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Single‐Molecule Propyne Trap: Highly Efficient Removal of Propyne from Propylene with Anion‐Pillared Ultramicroporous Materials
Authors: Yang Lifeng , Cui Xili , Yang Qiwei , Qian Siheng , Wu Hui , Bao Zongbi , Zhang Zhiguo , Ren Qilong , Zhou Wei , Chen Banglin , Xing Huabin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPropyne/propylene (C3H4/C3H6) separation is a critical process for the production of polymer‐grade C3H6. However, optimization of the structure of porous materials for the highly efficient removal of C3H4 from C3H6 remains challenging due to their similar structures and ultralow C3H4 concentration. Here, it is first reported that hybrid ultramicroporous materials with pillared inorganic anions (SiF62− = SIFSIX, NbOF52− = NbOFFIVE) can serve as highly selective C3H4 traps for the removal of trace C3H4 from C3H6. Especially, it is revealed that the pyrazine‐based ultramicroporous material with square grid structure for which the pore shape and functional site disposition can be varied in 0.1–0.5 Å scale to match both the shape and interacting sites of guest molecule is an interesting single‐molecule trap for C3H4 molecule. The pyrazine‐based single‐molecule trap enables extremely high C3H4 uptake under ultralow concentration (2.65 mmol g−1 at 3000 ppm, one C3H4 per unit cell) and record selectivity over C3H6 at 298 K (>250). The single‐molecule binding mode for C3H4 within ultramicroporous material is validated by X‐ray diffraction experiments and modeling studies. The breakthrough experiments confirm that anion‐pillared ultramicroporous materials set new benchmarks for the removal of ultralow concentration C3H4 (1000 ppm on SIFSIX‐3‐Ni, and 10 000 ppm on SIFSIX‐2‐Cu‐i) from C3H6.
Detection of mitochondrial haplogroups in a small avar‐slavic population from the eigth–ninth century AD
Authors: Šebest Lukáš , Baldovič Marian , Frtús Adam , Bognár Csaba , Kyselicová Klaudia , Kádasi Ľudevít , Beňuš Radoslav 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectivesIn the sixth century AD, Avars came to Central Europe from middle Eurasian steppes and founded a strong Empire called the Avar Khagante (568–799/803 AD) in the Pannonian basin. During the existence of this empire, they undertook many military and pugnacious campaigns. In the seventh century, they conquered the northern territory inhabited by Slavs, who were further recruited in Avar military and were commissioned with obtaining food supplies. During almost 200 years of Avar domination, a significant influence by the Avar culture (especially on the burial rite) and assimilation with indigenous population (occurrence of “East Asian”cranial features) could be noticed in this mixed area, which is supported by achaeological and anthropologcal research. Therefore we expected higher incidence of east Eurasian haplogroups (introduced by Avars) than the frequencies detected in present‐day central European populations.Materials and methodsMitochondrial DNA from 62 human skeletal remains excavated from the Avar‐Slavic burial site Cífer‐Pác (Slovakia) dated to the eighth and ninth century was analyzed by the sequencing of hypervariable region I and selected parts of coding region. Obtained haplotypes were compared with other present‐day and historical populations and genetic distances were calculated using standard statistical method.Results and discussionIn total, the detection of mitochondrial haplogroups was possible in 46 individuals. Our results prooved a higher frequency of east Eurasian haplogroups in our analyzed population (6.52%) than in present‐day central European populations. However, it is almost three times lower than the frequency of east Eurasian haplogroups detected in other medieval Avar populations. The statistical analysis showed a greater similarity and the lowest genetic distances between the Avar‐Slavic burial site Cifer‐Pac and medieval European populations than the South Siberian, East and Central Asian populations.ConclusionOur results indicate that the transfer of Avar genetic variation through their mtDNA was rather weak in the analyzed mixed population.
Unexpected terrestrial hand posture diversity in wild mountain gorillas
Authors: Thompson Nathan E. , Ostrofsky Kelly R. , McFarlin Shannon C. , Robbins Martha M. , Stoinski Tara S. , Almécija Sergio 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectivesGorillas, along with chimpanzees and bonobos, are ubiquitously described as ‘knuckle‐walkers.’ Consequently, knuckle‐walking (KW) has been featured pre‐eminently in hypotheses of the pre‐bipedal locomotor behavior of hominins and in the evolution of locomotor behavior in apes. However, anecdotal and behavioral accounts suggest that mountain gorillas may utilize a more complex repertoire of hand postures, which could alter current interpretations of African ape locomotion and its role in the emergence of human bipedalism. Here we documented hand postures during terrestrial locomotion in wild mountain gorillas to investigate the frequency with which KW and other hand postures are utilized in the wild.Materials and methodsMultiple high‐speed cameras were used to record bouts of terrestrial locomotion of 77 habituated mountain gorillas at Bwindi Impenetrable National Park (Uganda) and Volcanoes National Park (Rwanda).ResultsWe captured high‐speed video of hand contacts in 8% of the world's population of mountain gorillas. Our results reveal that nearly 40% of these gorillas used “non‐KW” hand postures, and these hand postures constituted 15% of all hand contacts. Some of these “non‐KW” hand postures have never been documented in gorillas, yet match hand postures previously identified in orangutans.DiscussionThese results highlight a previously unrecognized level of hand postural diversity in gorillas, and perhaps great apes generally. Although present at lower frequencies than KW, we suggest that the possession of multiple, versatile hand postures present in wild mountain gorillas may represent a shared feature of the African ape and human clade (or even great ape clade) rather than KW per se.
Chemically clean synthesis and characterization of graphene oxide‐poly(acrylic acid–sodium styrene sulfonate) composite thermostable elastic gel encapsulating copper nanoparticles for efficient catalytic reduction of 4‐nitrophenol
Authors: Paul Guin Jhimli , Bhardwaj Y. K. , Varshney Lalit 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTThe thermostable chemically blended elastic poly‐(acrylic acid–sodium‐styrene‐sulfonate–graphene oxide) super‐absorbent hydrogel was synthesized by additive‐free gamma‐radiation induced polymerization followed by crosslinking method. It showed the best swelling ratio in water due to its porous nature. The composite material adsorbed 98 mg/g Cu(II) at room temperature from the aqueous solution of Cu(II) at pH 5 by the chemi‐adsorption of Cu(II) ions at several energetically heterogeneous functional groups. The copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) of size 12 ± 8 nm had been synthesized in situ by chemical reduction of the pre‐adsorbed Cu(II) ions. The functional groups of composite hydrogel served as complexing agent and nano‐reaction sites. Avoiding any pre‐reduction induction time, the inexpensive CuNPs catalytically completely decolorized the aqueous solution of 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) within 60 s in the presence of NaBH4 at a promising calculated rate constant (9.0 × 10−2/s) ever reported in the literatures. It is in contrast to the commonly noticeable phenomenon for other CuNPs‐based catalysis of 4‐NP. The composite hydrogel matrix helped to retain the catalytic activity of CuNPs and simultaneously it helped in the osmotic inclusion of 4‐NP into the reaction cites. This composite hydrogel synthesized through a chemically clean method could be utilized for efficient conversion of hazardous chemical 4‐NP to industrially important chemical 4‐aminophenol. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46200.
The Role of Autophagy in the Degradation of Misfolded HLA–B27 Heavy Chains
Authors: Navid Fatemeh , Layh‐Schmitt Gerlinde , Sikora Keith A. , Cougnoux Antony , Colbert Robert A. 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTo determine whether autophagy is involved in the degradation of misfolded HLA–B27 in experimental spondyloarthritis.MethodsBone marrow–derived macrophages from HLA–B27/human β2‐microglobulin (hβ2m)–transgenic rats were incubated in the presence or absence of interferon‐γ and proteasome or autophagy inhibitors. Immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence analysis were used to measure HLA–B27 heavy chains and autophagy. Autophagy was induced using rapamycin. Macrophages from HLA–B7/hβ2m–transgenic and wild‐type rats were used as controls.ResultsHLA–B27–expressing macrophages showed phosphatidylethanolamine‐conjugated microtubule‐associated protein 1 light chain 3B levels similar to those in both control groups, before and after manipulation of autophagy. Blocking autophagic flux with bafilomycin resulted in the accumulation of misfolded HLA–B27 dimers and oligomers as well as monomers, which was comparable with the results of blocking endoplasmic reticulum–associated degradation (ERAD) with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib. HLA–B7 monomers also accumulated after blocking each degradation pathway. The ubiquitin‐to–heavy chain ratio was 2–3‐fold lower for HLA–B27 than for HLA–B7. Activation of autophagy with rapamycin rapidly eliminated ~50% of misfolded HLA–B27, while folded HLA–B27 or HLA–B7 monomeric heavy chains were minimally affected.ConclusionThis study is the first to demonstrate that both autophagy and ERAD play roles in the elimination of excess HLA class I heavy chains expressed in transgenic rats. We observed no evidence that HLA–B27 expression modulated the autophagy pathway. Our results suggest that impaired ubiquitination of HLA–B27 may play a role in the accumulation of misfolded disulfide‐linked dimers, the elimination of which can be enhanced by activation of autophagy. Manipulation of the autophagy pathway should be further investigated as a potential therapeutic target in spondyloarthritis.
Integration of Open Metal Sites and Lewis Basic Sites for Construction of a Cu MOF with a Rare Chiral Oh‐type cage for high performance in methane purification
Authors: Meng Lingkun , Niu Ziyuan , Liang Chen , Dong Xinglong , Liu Kang , Li Guanghua , Li Chunguang , Han Yu , Shi Zhan , Feng Shouhua 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA Cu metal‐organic framework (MOF), [Cu4(PMTD)2(H2O)3]⋅20 H2O, 1, (where PMTD is 1,4‐phenylenebis(5‐methyl‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3,4‐diyl)bis(5‐carboxylato‐3,1‐phenylene)bis(hydroperoxymethanide)), with a rare chiral Oh‐type cage, and dual functionalities of open metal sites and Lewis basic sites, based on a designed U‐shaped ligand, was synthesized by hydrothermal methods. It exhibits high CO2, C2, and C3 hydrocarbon storage capacity under atmospheric pressure, as well as high H2 (1.96 wt.%) adsorption capacity at 77 K. Methane purification capacity was tested and verified step by step. Isosteric heats (Qst) studies reveal that CH4 has the weakest van der Waals host–guest interactions among the seven gases at 298 K. Ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) calculation reveals that compound 1 is more selective toward CO2, C2H6, and C3H8 over CH4 in further calculating its separation capacity, as exemplified for CO2/CH4 (50:50, 5:95), C2H6/CH4 (50:50, 5:95), or C3H8/CH4 (50:50, 5:95) binary gas mixtures. Breakthrough experiments show that 1 has a significantly higher adsorption capacity for CO2, C2H6, and C3H8 than CH4. The selective adsorption properties of 1 make it a promising candidate for methane purification.
A novel sentence similarity model with word embedding based on convolutional neural network
Authors: Yao Haipeng , Liu Huiwen , Zhang Peiying 
Published: January 2018

SummaryIn this paper, we propose an effective model for the similarity metrics of English sentences. In the model, we first make use of word embedding and convolutional neural network (CNN) to produce a sentence vector and then leverage the information of the sentence vector pair to calculate the score of sentence similarity. Considering the case of long‐range semantic dependencies between words, we propose a novel method transforming word embeddings to construct the three‐dimensional sentence feature tensor. In addition, we incorporate the k‐max pooling into the convolutional neural network to adapt to variable lengths of input sentences. The proposed model requires no external resource such as WordNet and parse tree. Meanwhile, it consumes very little time for training. Finally, we carried out extensive simulations to evaluate the performance of our model compared with other state‐of‐the‐art works. Experimental results on SemEval 2014 task (SICK test corpus) indicated that our model can achieve a good performance in the terms of Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman correlation coefficient, and mean squared errors. Furthermore, experimental results on Microsoft research paraphrase identification (MSRP) indicated that our model can achieve an excellent performance in the terms of F1 and Accuracy.
ATF: A generic directive‐based auto‐tuning framework
Authors: Rasch Ari , Gorlatch Sergei 
Published: January 2018

SummaryWe describe the Auto‐Tuning Framework (ATF) — a simple‐to‐use, generic approach and its implementation, as a framework for automatic program optimization by choosing the most suitable values of program parameters such as the number of parallel threads, tile sizes, etc. ATF combines four major advantages over the state‐of‐the‐art auto‐tuning: i) it is generic regarding the programming language, application domain, tuning objective (eg, high performance and/or low energy consumption), and search technique; ii) it can auto‐tune a broader class of applications by allowing tuning parameters to be interdependent, eg, when one parameter is divisible by another parameter; iii) it allows tuning parameters to have substantially larger ranges by implementing an optimized search space generation process; and iv) it is arguably simpler to use, eg, the ATF user prepares an application for auto‐tuning by annotating its source code with simple tuning directives. We demonstrate ATF's efficacy by comparing it to the state‐of‐the‐art auto‐tuning approaches, OpenTuner and CLTune; ATF shows better tuning results with less programmer's effort.
KeyValueServe†: Design and performance analysis of a multi‐tenant data grid as a cloud service
Authors: Das Anwesha , Iyengar Arun , Mueller Frank 
Published: January 2018

SummaryDistributed key‐value stores have become indispensable for large‐scale cluster applications. Many cloud services have deployed in‐memory data grids for their enterprise infrastructures and support multi‐tenancy services. However, most services do not offer fine‐grained multi‐tenant resource sharing. To this front, we present KeyValueServe, a low overhead cloud service with features aiding resource management. Results based on Hazelcast, a popular open source data grid, indicate that KeyValueServe can efficiently provide services to tenants without degrading performance. Providing consistent performance to all tenants for fluctuating workloads is still difficult. Performance problems occur at scale with diverse tenant requirements. To address this, the paper provides insights to contention and performance bottlenecks. Through experimental analysis, we uncover scenarios of performance degradation and demonstrate optimized performance via coalescing multiple clients' requests. Our work indicates that a Hazelcast cluster can get congested with multiple concurrent connections when processing client requests, resulting in poor performance. KeyValueServe can reduce the number of parallel connections maintained for client requests, resulting in improved performance.
N‐Modified NiO Surface for Superior Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Zhang Le , Liu Peng Fei , Li Yu Hang , Zu Meng Yang , Li Xu , Jiang Zheng , Wang Yun , Zhao Huijun , Yang Hua Gui 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBoosting the sluggish kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline environments is key for the large‐scale application of water–alkali and chlor–alkali electrolysis. In this study, nitrogen atoms are used to precisely modulate electrochemical active sites on the surface of nickel oxide with low‐coordinated oxygen atoms, to achieve enhanced kinetics in alkaline hydrogen evolution. Theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that surface charge redistribution after modulation facilitates both the initial water dissociation step and the subsequent recombination of Had from low‐coordinated oxygen sites and desorption of OHad− from nickel sites, thus accelerating the overall hydrogen evolution process. The N‐modulated nickel oxide enriched in low‐coordinated oxygen atoms exhibits significantly enhanced activity with a small overpotential of −100 mV at the current density of −10 mA cm−2 and a robust stability over 90 h for hydrogen evolution in 1.0 m KOH.
Cumulative risk exposure moderates the association between parasympathetic reactivity and inhibitory control in preschool‐age children
Authors: Giuliano Ryan J. , Roos Leslie E. , Farrar Jessica D. , Skowron Elizabeth A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA child's cumulative risk for early exposure to stress has been linked to alterations of self‐regulation outcomes, including neurobiological correlates of inhibitory control (IC). We examined whether children's ability to engage the parasympathetic nervous system impacts how risk affects IC. Children ages 3–5 years completed two laboratory measures of IC while respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) was measured, indexing parasympathetic activity. Children with greater risk demonstrated lower IC; risk also moderated associations between RSA reactivity and IC. For children with less risk, greater RSA withdrawal during IC tasks was associated with better IC. In contrast, greater risk was associated with poor IC, regardless of RSA withdrawal. Effects of risk were more pronounced for cumulative than individual measures. Results suggest that cumulative risk exposure disrupts connectivity between physiological and behavioral components of self‐regulation in early childhood. Parasympathetic withdrawal to cognitive tasks may be less relevant for performance in developmental samples experiencing greater life stress.
An Electrochemical Sensing Platform for the Detection of Lead Ions Based on Dicarboxyl‐Calix[4]arene
Authors: Nur Abdul Aziz Siti Fatimah , Zawawi Ruzniza , Alang Ahmad Shahrul Ainliah 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA simple and highly sensitive electrochemical sensor COOH−C4 derived from dicarboxyl‐calix[4]arene modified on a screen printed gold electrode (Au) was developed for the determination of lead ions in water samples. A 3‐mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) monolayer was used as a template on the gold electrode for the surface modification with dicarboxyl‐calixarene. The modified electrodes were surface‐characterized using Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The data obtained proved the confirmation of each stage of the electrode modification. The electrochemical analyses of the COOH−C4 electrode showed an enhanced electrocatalytic activity and higher current towards Pb2+ ions as compared to the bare Au and MPA/Au electrodes. Under optimum conditions, the differential pulse voltammetry response of COOH−C4 displayed a wide linear response ranging from 280–2500 μg/L for Pb2+ with a detection limit of 6.2 μg/L. In addition, the fabricated electrode showed a high selectivity and stability towards the Pb2+ ions in presence of possible interfering species. The present method was successfully applied to determine Pb2+ ions in real samples with satisfactory precision, with a relative standard deviation of 3.12 % and an acceptable recovery of 92 %, which demonstrated the potential application of dicarboxyl‐calix[4]arene modified on electrodes for heavy‐metal sensing.
Enhanced production of the pharmaceutically important polyphenolic compounds in Vitex agnus castus L. shoot cultures by precursor feeding strategy
Authors: Skrzypczak‐Pietraszek Ewa , Piska Kamil , Pietraszek Jacek 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAgitated Vitex agnus castus L. shoot cultures were established to analyse the content of selected pharmaceutically important flavonoids and phenolic acids. Two variants (selected from nine ones) of MS medium were prepared: A (BAP 1 mg/L; NAA 0.5 mg/L; GA3 0.25 mg/L) and B (BAP 2 mg/L; NAA 0.5 mg/L). The biomass was harvested after 1, 2, 3,4, 5 and 6 weeks. Four‐week cultures (variant A) were selected to perform the precursor feeding experiment. The L‐phenylalanine dose of 1.6 g/L appears to be the most advantageous. Compared to the control cultures, the content of the individual compounds increased in a range from 1.4 to 17.3‐fold (e.g. p‐coumaric acid – 17.3 fold; casticin – 4.8‐fold). The biomass from in vitro cultures is richer in neochlorogenic acid (16‐fold), p‐coumaric acid (5.3‐fold), rutin (2.8‐fold), caffeic acid (1.5‐fold) and cinaroside (1.5‐fold) than the leaves of its parent greenhouse‐cultivated plants. Extracts contained 30 mg/100 g DW of casticin, but after the hydrolysis its amount increased up to 200 mg/100 g DW and twice exceeded the content in the greenhouse leaves. The results indicate that V. agnus castus agitated shoot cultures might be considered as a potential biotechnological source of some pharmaceutically important compounds, especially casticin, rutin, neochlorogenic and p‐coumaric acids.
The role of paternal mind‐mindedness in preschoolers' self‐regulated conduct
Authors: Gagné Christine , Bernier Annie , McMahon Catherine A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study examined the prospective links between paternal mind‐mindedness (MM) and 2 indices of preschoolers' self‐regulated conduct, namely, inhibitory control and rule‐compatible conduct. Ninety‐two families (47 boys) participated in 2 assessments. Paternal MM was assessed with a 10‐min father–child free‐play session when children were aged 18 months. Children's rule‐compatible conduct was reported by mothers when children reached 3 years of age, and inhibitory control was measured with a Snack Delay task, also administered at 3 years. The results suggested that after accounting for the contribution of child temperament (social fearfulness), paternal MM was positively related to children's inhibitory control. In contrast, the relation between paternal MM and mother‐reported rule‐compatible conduct was not significant. The results are interpreted in light of the mechanisms that may account for the links between paternal MM and preschoolers' emerging capacity to voluntarily control their behaviour.Highlights

This study examines the prospective links between paternal mind-mindedness and two indices of preschoolers' subsequent self‐regulated conduct.
Paternal mind‐mindedness was assessed with father‐child free‐play, and self‐regulated conduct with an inhibitory control task and a mother questionnaire.
The results suggest that paternal mind‐mindedness is positively related to children's inhibitory control.
Now and always, the relevance of the Taylor rule in Europe
Authors: Caputo Rodrigo , Díaz Agustín 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe find that, after the adoption of the euro, the European Central Bank has followed a forward‐looking Taylor rule. This rule is such that nominal as well as real short‐term interest rates increase in response to higher expected inflation or decline in output. Our findings show that the European Central Bank policy responses are of the same magnitude and sign as the ones prevailing in the pre‐euro era for Germany, France, and Italy. We conclude that, before and after the euro, central banks in Europe have adopted a proactive stance towards controlling inflation.