bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endogenous Estrogen Regulates Somatostatin-Induced Rebound GH Secretion in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Veldhuis Johannes D. , Erickson Dana , Yang Rebecca , Takahashi Paul , Bowers Cyril 
Published: July 2016

Background:
Systemic concentrations of T, estradiol (E2), GH, IGF-1, and IGF binding protein-3 decline in healthy aging individuals. Conversely, T and E2 stimulate GH and IGF-1 production in hypogonadal patients.

Hypothesis:
Because E2 stimulates GH secretion, putatively via the nuclear estrogen receptor-α and E2 and GH fall with menopause, we postulated that diminished endogenous E2 contributes to low GH output in older women.

Location:
The study was conducted at the Mayo Center for Clinical and Translational Science.

Study Design:
This was a randomized, double-blind, controlled study in 60 healthy postmenopausal women treated with the following: 1) double placebo; 2) anastrozole, a potent inhibitor of aromatase-enzyme activity, which mediates E2 synthesis from T; and/or 3) fulvestrant, a selective estrogen receptor-α antagonist.

Methods:
GH pulse generation was quantified by frequent GH sampling before and after short-term iv somatostatin infusion, thought to induce hypothalamic GHRH-mediated rebound-like GH secretion.

Results:
On anastrozole, E2 fell from 3.1 ± 0.35 pg/mL to 0.36 ± 0.04 pg/mL, and estrone from 13 ± 1.4 pg/mL to 1.9 ± 0.01 pg/mL (P &lt; .001) by mass spectrometry. Estrogen values were unchanged by fulvestrant. T concentrations did not change. One-hour peak GH rebound after somatostatin infusion declined markedly during both estrogen-deprivation schedules (P &lt; .001). Mean (150 min) maximal GH rebound decreased comparably (P &lt; .001). Measures of GH rebound correlated negatively with computed tomography-estimated abdominal visceral fat (all P &lt; .05).

Conclusion:
These data suggest a previously unrecognized dependence of hypothalamo-pituitary GH regulation on low levels of endogenous estrogen after menopause.
Rediscovering The Roses of Eyam: A forgotten television play
Authors: Lamb Ben 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In 1973 playwright and television dramatist Don Taylor rewrote and directed his play The Roses of Eyam for UK television. The original play, which was staged at the Northcott Theatre in Exeter in 1970, has been somewhat disregarded in Theatre Studies criticism despite its worldwide popularity in educational circles. Similarly, the subsequent television play has been relatively overlooked in historical studies of British television despite the fact it was one of the most ambitious dramas of its time. This article examines Don Taylor’s 1973 televisual adaptation in relation to his original production through archival research of production documents, interviews with producer David Rose, and a number of textual analyses. Analysing the process of adaptation the play had to undergo to fit with the conventions of 1970s studio productions will reassess established truisms present within adaptation scholarship regarding the visual language of studio-based television drama.
Practitioners’ Perspectives
Authors: Ue Tom , Shinn Christopher 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The following interview was completed by e-mail on 26 November 2015. It focuses on Christopher Shinn’s Teddy Ferrara (2015), a play both informed by and in response to a number of recent suicides, including that of Tyler Clementi. This conversation explores Shinn’s creative processes for the play, which began its theatrical life in the Goodman Theatre in Chicago before being brought to the Donmar Warehouse in London where it had its London premiere. It goes on to examine Shinn’s views about the adolescent experience, desire, and LGBTQ issues, and it suggests some avenues for more positive ways to engage in discussions despite our differences.
Multiple query optimization on the D-Wave 2X adiabatic quantum computer
Authors: Trummer Immanuel , Koch Christoph 
Published: July 2016

The D-Wave adiabatic quantum annealer solves hard combinatorial optimization problems leveraging quantum physics. The newest version features over 1000 qubits and was released in August 2015. We were given access to such a machine, currently hosted at NASA Ames Research Center in California, to explore the potential for hard optimization problems that arise in the context of databases.
In this paper, we tackle the problem of multiple query optimization (MQO). We show how an MQO problem instance can be transformed into a mathematical formula that complies with the restrictive input format accepted by the quantum annealer. This formula is translated into weights on and between qubits such that the configuration minimizing the input formula can be found via a process called adiabatic quantum annealing. We analyze the asymptotic growth rate of the number of required qubits in the MQO problem dimensions as the number of qubits is currently the main factor restricting applicability. We experimentally compare the performance of the quantum annealer against other MQO algorithms executed on a traditional computer. While the problem sizes that can be treated are currently limited, we already find a class of problem instances where the quantum annealer is three orders of magnitude faster than other approaches.
Risk Management Model in Surface Exploitation of Mineral Deposits
Authors: Stojanović Cvjetko 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Risk management is an integrative part of all types of project management. One of the main tasks of pre-investment studies and other project documentation is the tendency to protect investment projects as much as possible against investment risks. Therefore, the provision and regulation of risk information ensure the identification of the probability of the emergence of adverse events, their forms, causes and consequences, and provides a timely measures of protection against risks. This means that risk management involves a set of management methods and techniques used to reduce the possibility of realizing the adverse events and consequences and thus increase the possibilities of achieving the planned results with minimal losses.
Investment in mining projects are of capital importance because they are very complex projects, therefore being very risky, because of the influence of internal and external factors and limitations arising from the socio-economic environment. Due to the lack of a risk management system, numerous organizations worldwide have suffered significant financial losses. Therefore, it is necessary for any organization to establish a risk management system as a structural element of system management system as a whole.
This paper presents an approach to a Risk management model in the project of opening a surface coal mine, developed based on studies of extensive scientific literature and personal experiences of the author, and which, with certain modifications, may find use for any investment project, both in the mining industry as well as in investment projects in other areas.
Introducing Au Potential Areas, Using Remote Sensing and Geochemical Data Processing Using Fractal Methods in Chartagh, Western Azerbijan – Iran
Authors: Mansouri Edris , Feizi Faranak 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The studied area - Chartagh - is located in the East of Azerbaijan gharbi Province, Iran. In this paper, geology map, ASTER satellite images were used and after processing these images with ENVI softwares, geochemical data analysis consisting of lithogeochemical samples, within geological field observations. On ASTER data; using a number of selected methods including band ratio, Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF) and Spectral Angle Maper (SAM) distinguished alternation zones. Geochemical anomalies were separated by number - size (N-S) fractal method. (N-S) fractal method was utilized for High intensive Au, As and Ag anomalies.
Analysis of Combustion Process of Sewage Sludge in Reference to Coals and Biomass
Authors: Środa Katarzyna , Kijo-Kleczkowska Agnieszka 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Production of sewage sludge is an inseparable part of the treatment process. The chemical and sanitary composition of sewage sludge flowing into the treatment plant is a very important factor determining the further use of the final product obtained in these plants. The sewage sludge is characterized by heterogeneity and multi-components properties, because they have characteristics of the classical and fertilizer wastes and energetic fuels. The thermal utilization of sewage sludge is necessary due to the unfavorable sanitary characteristics and the addition of the industrial sewage. This method ensures use of sewage sludge energy and return of expenditure incurred for the treatment of these wastes and their disposal. Sewage sludge should be analyzed in relation to conventional fuels (coals and biomass). They must comply with the applicable requirements, for example by an appropriate degree of dehydration, which guarantee the stable and efficient combustion.
This paper takes the issue of the combustion process of the different sewage sludge and their comparison of the coal and biomass fuels.
Arsenic Pollution Study at Nitra-Krška Ny Location as an Example of Line Contamination
Authors: Varga Michal , Kolenčík Marek 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The aim of this article was to identify the level of arsenic in soils and water as a type of line contamination with widespread environmental impact. For this purpose, as the “model locality” was chosen the Nitra River (Krškany location situated around 80 km from the original source of contamination - Zemianske Kostoľany). EcaFlow 150 analyzer was used to identify the content of arsenic in water and soil samples, SEM and EDS were used to characterize morphology, surface area, and chemical composition of primary substrate. In Nitra-Krškany, significant values of arsenic concentrations were observed for surface water, 14.75 μg l-1, which exceeded the WHO international A limit 1.5 times, for filtered water from the sediment, 149.9 μg l-1, with the present exceedance in all categories (WHO international A limit 15 times), and for soil samples, 26.6 mg kg-1, which exceeded 2.6 times the Slovak soil legal limit (10 mg kg-1). Detection of arsenic confirmed line contamination in Nitra - Krškany. As the main source responsible for contamination there was evaluated coal combustion residuals that consist of spherical aggregates from 2 μm to 1 mm dimension, non-linear topography. This type of contamination has a long-term impact due to hazardous materials and non-stable reactive surface area.
Medical Informatics applied in psoriasis diagnosis and management
Authors: Hangan L.T. , Capatana D. , Nicola Gh. , Chirila S. , Gurgas L. , Cambrea Simona Claudia 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Psoriasis represents a chronic disease, with a prevalence of 0.91% to 8.5% worldwide. The clinical manifestations of the disease vary a lot from patient to patient and the response to treatment also varies a lot.
Today, in spite of the drawbacks it has, PASI (Psoriasis Area Severity Index) represents one of the best tools used to evaluate the extent of the disease and the response to medication.
One of the drawbacks of using this scoring system is considered to be the way a doctor has to calculate the result. In this study we offer, step by step, a possible solution to create an informatics tool that can offer the result of the score based on the inputs made by the doctor.
Escalation of tuberculosis notification: an analysis of associated social factors
Authors: Miandad Muhammad , Nawaz-ul-Huda Syed , Burke Farkhunda , Azam Muhammad , Khan Imran 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Studies have revealed that socioeconomic factors such as those pertaining to unmarried respondents, dependency, housing congestion and room sharing are associated with tuberculosis rates not only in developing countries but also in developed countries. Karachi has been identified as one of the most vulnerable cities where the spread of TB is increasing with the passage of time. The purpose of the present study is to assess TB notification with reference to some social factors in order that the findings of this study may provide helpful information for guidance related to social and economic policy formulation, at least at the local level to combat and eliminate tuberculosis. The methodology was based on NTP registered patients’ data and social factor analysis data which were acquired through questionnaire survey from notified patients. The result pertaining to TB notification reveals an increasing trend during the last seven years from 2007 until 2013. The notification of female patients compared to that of males is high, which is evidence of the fact that women in Pakistan are more affected but a comparison of patients to the total population in the respective years i.e. the patient population ratio, reveals a decreasing trend. The findings of the study emphasize that the problem of TB control can be resolved expeditiously with the cooperation of the public sector, which should be motivated to meet the core requirements of the programme at various administrative levels and strongly enforced standards of quality of life.
The seasonal nature of tourist flows in relation to meteorological conditions as illustrated by the case of Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship
Authors: Koźmiński Czesław , Michalska Bożena 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The analysis is based on the materials published by the Statistical Office in Szczecin for 2000-14, presented on a monthly basis, concerning the total number of tourists (including foreign tourists) and the overnight stays. The distribution of the number of tourists and their accommodation per month and season was correlated with mean monthly values for air temperature, cloudiness and wind speed. Meteorological data for the period 2000-14, as averaged for the whole voivodeship, was obtained from four IMGW stations (Świnoujście, Koszalin, Szczecin and Szczecinek). Statistical analysis was conducted and time trends of the number of tourists and overnight stays were identified for individual months with the use of linear and polynomial regression. The seasonal nature of tourist flows was assessed by the number of tourists and accommodation provided for tourists in summer compared to winter, and spring to autumn. Air temperature and cloudiness were found to have the greatest effect on the uneven distribution of tourist numbers across a year. Each year, approximately 1.7 million tourists visit Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship, 1.1 million of which (i.e. 66%) stay on the coast.
The Need and Obstacles in Collaborative Engineering
Authors: Bârsan Vlad-Andrei , Bondrea Ioan 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to explain the need for collaboration and to investigate the obstacles in collaborative engineering. The first part is about defining the term collaboration. The second part focuses on the information outside the domain of engineering which could prove to be valuable to this field as well. The final part shows different obstacles in collaborative engineering.
Risk Perception Related to Critical Infrastructure
Authors: Badea Dorel , Macovei Crenguţa , Bucoveţchi Olga Maria Cristina , Coman Marian 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Through this article it is brought to attention the essential aspects related to the perceived risks for critical infrastructure, both theoretically and practically, considering perception as an important input in the risk management process. For the practical part, the added value component in the field consists from the results of research based on survey, conducted in a wider framework of determining the level of awareness of the critical infrastructure issue by a pilot sample, consisting of persons with managerial and operational attributions in this sector.
Regional sectoral structure of the support realised through the Operational Programme Enterprise and Innovation 2007–2013
Authors: Kostić Miroslav 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Within the previous programming period, the Operational Programme Enterprise and Innovation represented the main tool of the EU cohesion policy in the Czech Republic for the support of businesses in manufacturing and related services. The article analyses sectoral structure of realised projects and financial subsidy allocated through the programme at the level of Czech regions. A significant part of branches strongly represented by realised projects in particular regions belongs at the same time to branches considerably concentrated within the same regions. Nevertheless, besides these regionally traditional branches of manufacturing industry and related services, a number of other branches were identified with an above-average representation on projects or financial subsidy within particular regions. In the last part of the text, results of the sectoral structure analysis are looked at from the perspective of smart specialisation areas which form a binding support framework for the area of entrepreneurship, innovation and research in the current programming period. Certain continuity in the importance for regional economies can be noticed in the case of many traditional regional industries - their position strengthened by the investment in the last programming period has been confirmed by inclusion of these branches into the list of smart specialisation areas for the current programming period.
Adapting Structuration theory as a Comprehensive Theory for Distance Education: The ASTIDE Model
Authors: Aktaruzzaman Md , Plunkett Margaret 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Distance Education (DE) theorists have argued about the requirement for a theory to be comprehensive in a way that can explicate many of the activities associated with DE. Currently, Transactional Distance Theory (TDT) (Moore, 1993) and the Theory of Instructional Dialogue (IDT) (Caspi & Gorsky, 2006) are the most prominent theories, yet they still do not represent a unified and comprehensive theory for DE. This paper provides a review of the existing literature on DE theories and identifies potential gaps in theorising distance education. Building on Giddens’ (1984) work, an innovative approach to theorising DE is proposed through the conceptualisation of the Adapting Structuration Theory In Distance Education (ASTIDE) model as a means to explicate DE operations and practices at the institutional and national/international level. It also presents evidence, from a larger study, of the necessity of a comprehensive model such as the ASTIDE constructed through an investigation into the DE systems of developing and developed countries.
The refugee regime and its weaknesses. Prospects for human rights and Kant’s ethic
Authors: Koudelka Josef 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
When governments create refugee policies they consider several factors (security, economics, ethics, etc.). There are reasons why admitting refugees could have negative consequences (for example, security risks). On the other hand, if the recipient societies have ideals that stress the importance of helping other people, they should act according to their values. The aim of this article is to examine the concept of human dignity and show that European states should admit and help refugees because it is in accordance with their ethical values and the international agreements they have signed. This is important because when European countries hesitate to help refugees, they act not only contrary to their humane tradition, but they can harm them. The western concept of human dignity is one of the main values that stresses that each person is important—that they are equal and free.
Does an ideal prototype of a twin mother exist?
Authors: Hudadi Noy , Tul Natasa , Trojner Bregar Andreja , Verdenik Ivan , Lucovnik Miha , Blickstein Isaac 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the association of a set (or the lack thereof) of pre-gravid maternal features with a better outcome in terms of gestational age and birth weight of twins.

Methods
Analysis of a Slovenian population-based cohort of all dichorionic twin pairs born at ≥22 weeks during an 11-year period from 2002 to 2013. The independent variables included tall stature (≥170 cm), multiparity, and normal pregravid body mass index (BMI). The outcome variables included gestational age and total twin birth weight.

Results
We studied 3232 dichorionic twins. Being “tall”, multiparous, and with a normal pregravid BMI was significantly associated with a higher total twin birth weight, more advanced gestational age, fewer sets with a total twin birth weight <3000 g, fewer births at ≤32 weeks, more pairs with a total twin birth weight >5000 g and more pairs born at ≥37 weeks. In contrast, women with the converse features had a significantly worse outcome. Being just multiparous was different only in the incidence of total twin birth weight >5000 g.

Conclusion
Maternal stature >170 cm, being multiparous, and having a normal pregravid BMI is association with improved outcomes in terms of gestational age and birth weight of twins.
Type II Cochlear Ganglion Neurons Do Not Drive the Olivocochlear Reflex: Re-Examination of the Cochlear Phenotype in Peripherin Knock-Out Mice
Authors: Maison Stéphane , Liberman Leslie D. , Liberman M. Charles 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe cochlear nerve includes a small population of unmyelinated sensory fibers connecting outer hair cells to the brain. The functional role of these type II afferent neurons is controversial, because neurophysiological data are sparse. A recent study (Froud et al., 2015) reported that targeted deletion of peripherin, a type of neurofilament, eliminated type II afferents and inactivated efferent feedback to the outer hair cells, thereby suggesting that type II afferents were the sensory drive to this sound-evoked, negative-feedback reflex, the olivocochlear pathway. Here, we re-evaluated the cochlear phenotype in mice from the peripherin knock-out line and show that (1) type II afferent terminals are present in normal number and (2) olivocochlear suppression of cochlear responses is absent even when this efferent pathway is directly activated by shocks. We conclude that type II neurons are not the sensory drive for the efferent reflex and that peripherin deletion likely causes dysfunction of synaptic transmission between olivocochlear terminals and their peripheral targets.
Hearing Loss in Children with Craniofacial Microsomia
Authors: Mitchell Ryan M. , Saltzman Babette S. , Norton Susan J. , Harrison Robert G. , Heike Carrie L. , Luquetti Daniela V. , Sie Kathleen C.Y. 
Published: July 2016

Objective To evaluate the association between craniofacial phenotype and hearing loss in children with craniofacial microsomia. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Tertiary care children's hospital. Patients Individuals with craniofacial microsomia. Main Outcome Measures Ear-specific audiograms and standardized phenotypic classification of facial characteristics. Results A total of 79 participants were included in the study. The mean age was 9 years (range, 1 to 23 years) and approximately 60% were boys. Facial anomalies were bilateral in 39 participants and unilateral in 40 participants (24 right, 16 left). Microtia (hypoplasia of the ear) was the most common feature (94%), followed by mandibular hypoplasia (76%), soft tissue deficiency (60%), orbital hypoplasia or displacement (53%), and facial nerve palsy (32%). Sixty-five individuals had hearing loss (12 bilateral and 53 unilateral). Hearing loss was conductive in 73% of affected ears, mixed in 10%, sensorineural in 1%, and indeterminate in 16%. Hypoplasia of the ear or mandible was frequently associated with ipsilateral hearing loss, although contralateral hearing loss occurred in 8% of hemifaces. Conclusions Hearing loss is strongly associated with malformations of the ipsilateral ear in craniofacial microsomia and is most commonly conductive. Hearing loss can occur contralaterally to the side with malformations in children with apparent hemifacial involvement. Children with craniofacial microsomia should receive early diagnostic hearing assessments.