bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triggers of Sudden Cardiac Arrest in Youth
Authors: Warneryd Amelie , Chand Simran , Lemma Abenezer , Lopez-Anderson Martha , Flanagan Lindsey J. , Vetter Victoria L. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Exercise is considered a primary trigger for sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in youth. We hypothesized that other factors have important associations.
Methods
During 2011–2012 and 2019–2020, we surveyed Parent Heart Watch members with children who had experienced sudden cardiac arrest or sudden cardiac death for 1) demographics; 2) pre-sudden cardiac arrest symptoms, evaluation, diagnoses; 3) family history; 4) medications, substances; 5) activity; 6) circumstances; and 7) post-sudden cardiac arrest diagnoses.
Results
82 responses (~ 60% of members), 23.2% with surviving children. Mean age sudden cardiac arrest, 17.2 (4.5) years, median, 16 years; range, 5–30 years; male, 75%. Race/ethnicity: white, 81.0%; Black, 3.8%; Hispanic, 5.1%; Native American, 2.5%; >1 race, 7.6%. Family history of sudden cardiac arrest < 50 years, 17.1%. Prior cardiovascular symptoms: exercise fatigue, 30.8%; chest pain, 60.3%; palpitations, 16.7%; ≥1fainting episode, 19.2%; shortness of breath, 19.2%; upset, 9.0%. Prior (10.5%) and post (63.2%) cardiac diagnoses; activity-related, 60.5%; recent flu-like illness, 25.0%. Medications/substances including caffeine, energy drinks, alcohol and tobacco consumed prior to arrest, 57.9%. Arrest witnessed, 72.4%; fifteen events in location with an automated external defibrillator (AED) - survival, 47% when AED present.
Conclusions
Symptoms of sudden cardiac arrest are common but often ignored and not medically evaluated or treated. While activity was frequently associated with SCA, other important triggers of SCA appear to be medications and substances, often in the presence of underlying and frequently undiagnosed heart conditions, present in over half of cases. Potential triggers of sudden cardiac arrest include activity, medications and substances, and intercurrent illnesses.
Individual and Combined Contamination of the Heavy Metals in Commercial Cat and Dog Food
Authors: Du Jiaying , Zhou Kerui , Jiang Han , Hu Shen , Zhang Wei , Zheng Qiang , Zhou Guangteng , Zhang Niya 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

As the long-term accumulation of heavy metals in food poses significant health risks to pets, there is a growing concern among people regarding heavy metal contamination in pet food. In order to investigate the heavy metals levels in pet food in China, we collected a total of 93 imported cat and dog food from the Chinese market produced in 2021–2022, comprising 45 cat food and 48 dog food, and determined the concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) in them. Cr and As were detected in all samples, followed by contamination rate of Hg. In cat food, Cr and As were the most prevalent heavy metals, and Cr and Hg were found in all dog food. Pb was not detected in canned foods, while Cr, As, Hg, and Cd had contamination rates of 100%, 100%, 85.71%, and 34.18% respectively. Dry food in cat and dog foods, with Cr, Hg, and As having the highest contamination rates at 100%. Some samples exceed the limits set by Hygienical Standard for Pet Feed of China (Announcement No. 20 of 2018) regarding Pb and Cr, while other heavy metals remained within acceptable limits. Canned food, however, met all regulatory limits for heavy metals. Across all types of pet food, Cr, Hg, and As were consistently the most prevalent combined contaminants. Analysis of the aHI values showed that Cr posed the highest risk, exceeding safety thresholds significantly. Pb and As also posed risks, with differing impacts between cats and dogs. This study underscores the extensive presence of heavy metal contamination in pet foods, posing a significant risk to pet health due to ongoing exposure to multiple heavy metals.
KIFC1 overexpression promotes pancreatic carcinoma progression via the BUB1/WNT/β- catenin pathway
Authors: Cui Ao , Yu Ying-Xue , Wang Ji-Yang , Zou Ye-Qing , Zhu Ya-Qiong , Ran Long-Jian , Zhang yu , Liu Rui-Xiang , Dong Ming-Yi , Wang Hui , Fang Lu , Fu Xiao-Wei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly lethal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. New molecular targets are urgently needed for its treatment. Kinesin family member C1 (KIFC1) is implicated in the development and progression of several types of cancer. Previously, our studies indicated that KIFC1 is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and activates the malignant behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma through the PI3K/AKT pathway. However, the molecular and functional mechanisms of KIFC1
in PC have not been investigated.
Methods: In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was utilized to characterize differential gene expression profiles in patients with PC. KIFC1 was revealed by screening up-regulated genes from our sequenced data and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Sixty-two PC tissues were analyzed to determine
the correlation of KIFC1 expression with the clinicopathological features and prognosis
of patients. The role of KIFC1 in proliferation, migration and invasion in PC was verified both in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis, coimmunoprecipitation (CoIP), and western blotting were performed to identify proteins that interact with KIFC1and further affect the downstream pathway.
Results: According to high-throughput sequencing and the GEO database, KIFC1 is highly expressed in PC. KIFC1 is highly expressed in PC tissues and cells and is positively correlated with poor patient prognosis and malignant cellular behavior. Silencing KIFC1 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PC cells, and
overexpression of KIFC1 had the opposite effect. Protein‒protein interaction (PPI) and
Co-IP analyses indicated that KIFC1 interacts with and regulates BUB1. Overexpression of BUB1 can also promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PC cells. BUB1 acts as an intermediary in the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by KIFC1, leading to an increase in the malignant behaviors of PC cells. The reversal of Wnt/β-catenin activation and increase in cellular malignant behavior induced by KIFC1 overexpression are achieved by silencing BUB1. These biological functions of KIFC1 in PC were also confirmed in a nude mouse xenograft model.
Conclusions: Our experiments demonstrated for the first time that KIFC1 can influence PC progression by regulating BUB1 to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Therefore, KIFC1 shows promise as an attractive therapeutic target for PC in the future.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of SCN4B in ccRCC
Authors: Yang Hongwei , Yi Faxian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The role of the voltage-gated sodium channel β4 subunit (SCN4B) gene in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains ambiguous. Utilizing the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we undertook a bioinformatics analysis to delineate SCN4B's function in ccRCC.
Methods
Data from 541 ccRCC patients and 72 normal individuals were extracted from the TCGA database. The Kruskal–Wallis test and logistic regression analysis were used to assess the relationship between SCN4B expression and clinicopathological characteristics. Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier analyses were performed to evaluate the prognostic value of SCN4B. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was employed to explore associations between SCN4B expression and immune infiltration levels in ccRCC.
Results
SCN4B was significantly overexpressed in ccRCC (P < 0.001) and effectively distinguished tumor tissue (area under the curve = 0.835) from normal tissue. SCN4B was notably associated with pathological T stage (odds ratio (OR) = 0.429 (0.298–0.616), P < 0.001) and pathological M stage (odds ratio (OR) = 0.424 (0.256–0.704), P < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that patients with high SCN4B expression had better overall survival (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.57, P < 0.001) and progression-free interval (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.50, P < 0.001). Cox regression analysis indicated that pathological M stage was a risk factor for progression-free interval (HR = 4.062 (2.439–6.765), P < 0.001). Using ssGSEA, SCN4B expression was positively correlated with the abundance of NK cells (R = 0.415, P < 0.001), mast cells (R = 0.405, P < 0.001), and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) (R = 0.381, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
SCN4B may serve as a crucial biomarker for predicting ccRCC prognosis and could represent a viable target for immunotherapy related to immune infiltration.
A Constant Contact Community-Based Epidemiological Investigation (C3EI) for Malaria Elimination in Mandla District, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Singh Mrigendra P , Rajvanshi Harsh , Bharti Praveen K , Sahu Ram S , Jayswar Himanshu , Nisar Sekh , Anvikar Anup R , Lal Altaf A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
In India, an increase in malaria cases by 21% (223,961 cases) has been reported between 2022 and 2023. Madhya Pradesh ranks 10th in malaria burden, with Mandla district selected for the Malaria Elimination Demonstration Project (MEDP) to demonstrate the feasibility of malaria elimination in a hard-to-reach, tribal-dominated, and hilly forested district. A Constant Contact Community-Based Epidemiological Investigation (C3EI) was undertaken by continuous engagement with the community for real-time data collection, mapping of malaria cases, identification of risk factors, monitoring of intervention outcomes designed to drive effective strategies for malaria elimination.
Methods
The study mapped 1,143,126 individuals from 248,825 households in the year 2017 in Mandla district for constant contact surveillance. Fortnightly household visits were conducted to inquire about febrile episodes, with on-spot diagnosis and treatment. Data collection was done using the SOCH mobile application, and analysis using R.
Results
The constant contact household surveillance revealed that out of 956,795 individuals, 230,780 (24.12%) unique individuals reported one or more febrile episodes, with a total of 322,577 febrile episodes and 490 malaria episodes (RDT positive). Males had a higher risk of malaria infection than females (OR = 2.62; p < 0.0001). The cumulative incidence of malaria was highest among children aged 5–15 years and pregnant women. Multiple episodes of malaria infections were more common in adults over 30 years. The incidence of malaria gradually declined from 26.13 in 2018 to 11.18 in 2020, with the highest incidence during the monsoon season.
Conclusion
The C3EI presents a new surveillance strategy suitable for disease elimination programs. Implementing C3EI-type longitudinal studies in elimination projects holds promise for generating data to expedite malaria elimination efforts because the unit of observation is a ‘household’. Such comprehensive approach allows identification in the gaps in case management for prompt interventions at the household-level.
Predictive Factors and Risk Scoring System for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Sick Neonates-A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ramya Kagnur , Mukhopadhyay Kanya , Kumar Jogender 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Neonatal AKI (Acute kidney injury) is an underreported entity in sick neonates associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
Methods
It was a prospective cohort study, to study the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of AKI among sick neonates. We included sick inborn neonates admitted at a level III neonatal intensive care unit. Neonates with congenital anomalies and who died within 72 hours of life were excluded. AKI was defined and categorized as per KDIGO guidelines.
Results
Two hundred and seventy-six neonates were enrolled over 1 year, of which 115(42%) had AKI. AKI was higher in the first week of life as compared to beyond the first week n = 103/115 (89%) vs. n = 12/115 (7%), p = < 0.01). The incidence of AKI was highest n = 27/38 (71%) among extremely preterm (< 28 weeks) infants. On Cox regression analysis, sepsis, invasive ventilation, acidosis, and perinatal asphyxia were significantly associated with AKI with a hazard ratio (95% CI) of 4 (1.21–13.42), 2.3 (1.32–4.03), 1.9 (1.13–3.36), and 1.5 (1.04–2.31), respectively. The risk prediction model, using the 4 predictors mentioned above, had good diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve- 83.6%) with a sensitivity and specificity of 77% and 80%, respectively. Infants with AKI have significantly higher mortality, compared to those who did not have AKI n = 45/115(39%) vs. n = 5/161 (3%), p < 0.01.
Conclusion
Nearly half of sick neonates admitted to NICU have AKI, and is maximum in extremely preterm infants. Sepsis, invasive ventilation, acidosis, and perinatal asphyxia have good diagnostic accuracy in identifying neonates likely to develop AKI.
Clinical Outcome and Prognosis of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma with Distant Metastasis
Authors: Shan Chanchan , Xu Shichen , Cai Gangming , Li Mengdi , Wang Tingting , Li Aoshuang , Zhong Aisheng , Zhang Jian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the risk and prognostic factors of Radioactive iodide (RAI)-refractory (RAIR) in distant metastatic (DM) differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).
Methods
DM-DTC patients who received iodine-131 radiation therapy were enrolled in this cohort study. After exclusion, 75 DTC radioiodine therapy resistant patients and 53 treatment effective patients were finally included. The clinical data, BRAFV600E and TERT promoter mutations were compared between these two groups to predict the risks of RAIR. Patients with RAIR-DM-DTC were followed up to further explore the risk factors for disease progression after iodine refractory.
Results
Univariate analysis showed that TERTp mutation, age at diagnosis, mean maximum tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis, synchronous metastasis or heterochronous metastasis, mean cumulative dose of RAI and preoperative Tg (pre-Tg) were statistically different between the RAIR and RAIE (radioiodine efficient) groups. Logistic regression analysis further found that the TERTp mutation may be risk factors for iodine refractory occurrence. During the follow-up of RAIR-DM-DTC patients, 41 patients developed disease progression and 24 patients had good disease control.
Conclusions
We found that TERTp mutation was correlated with the poor curative effect of RAI therapy in DM-DTC. Once iodine refractory occurs, patients aged 55 years or older are more likely to develop disease progression.
Eicosapentaenoic acid administration ameliorates the progression of liver fibrosis after laparoscopic Kasai portoenterostomy
Authors: Sumida Wataru , Tainaka Takahisa , Shirota Chiyoe , Makita Satoshi , Amano Hizuru , Yasui Akihiro , Maeda Takuya , Kato Daiki , Goda Yosuke , Ishii Hiroki , Ota Kazuki , Yaohui Guo , Jiahui Liu , Hinoki Akinari , Uchida Hiroo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Biliary atresia (BA) poses a persistent challenge characterized by ongoing liver inflammation and subsequent fibrosis even after the clearance of jaundice (COJ). This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in alleviating liver inflammation and limiting fibrosis during the post-COJ phase of BA.
Methods:
Among the BA patients undergoing laparoscopic Kasai portoenterostomy (lapKP) between December 2016 and October 2021, EPA (20–40 mg/kg/day) was administered orally to those whose parents consented. The study included patients from January 2014 to October 2021, classifying them into two groups: EPA-treated (Group E) and untreated (Group N). Their liver fibrosis and clinical course at 1 and 2 years post-lapKP were compared.
Results:
Group E consisted of 25 patients, while Group N comprised 32 patients. Twenty-one patients in Group E and 25 patients in Group N achieved COJ (p = 0.74). Among jaundice-free patients at 1 and 2 years post-lapKP, Group E exhibited significantly lower M2BPGi levels and platelet counts, and Group E showed a significant reduction in Aminotransferase-to-Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) at 2 years post-lapKP.
Conclusion:
Although EPA administration did not improve COJ, it attenuated the progression of liver fibrosis during the 2 years following lapKP in jaundice-free patients.
Discriminatory value and validation of a risk prediction model of serum cytokines in pediatric acute appendicitis: a single-center experience of 483 cases
Authors: Zhou Jiajia , Liu Guobin , Song Xiaofeng , Kang Quan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives: Pediatric acute appendicitis (AA) is one of the most prevalent acute abdomens in the department of pediatric surgery. Children with complicated AA may need timely decisions on surgery and have a worse prognosis. We explored the risk factors and developed a predictive model for complicated AA in children.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patient information from those hospitalized for acute appendicitis confirmed by post-surgery pathological results at Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between September 2022 and October 2023. Lasso regression was performed to identify risk factors and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used for model establishment.
Results: Serum levels of IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 before surgery are useful in the classification of acute appendicitis in children. IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10, on their own, had high predictive values for CA in children. Independent risk factors for CA were age, IL-10, and IFN-γ. A multifactorial logistic regression prediction model was so established, and it demonstrated good predictive efficacy. Its predictive sensitivity was 70.0%, and specificity was 73.9%, with an AUC of 0.7949. Furthermore, the results of the external validation indicated that the model's accuracy was good with an AUC of 0.8567.
Conclusions: It's imperative to identify CA early and make clinical decisions. Prediction models based on age, IL-10, and IFN-γ may be reliable and accurate in predicting the incidence of CA, which may lead to better clinical outcomes for kids with AA.
Assessment of the utility of two-dimensional shear wave elastography and superb microvascular imaging in postoperative patients with biliary atresia
Authors: Oita Satoru , Toma Miki , Hirono Koji , Masuko Takayuki , Shimizu Toru , Shimizu Sakika , Miyajima Kojiro , Asai Nobuyoshi , Yanai Toshihiro 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
We aimed to investigate whether prediction of liver fibrosis using two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) and vascular tree grading using superb microvascular imaging (SMI) are useful for postoperative follow-up in patients with biliary atresia (BA).
Methods
We retrospectively collected data from medical records of 134 patients who underwent ultrasound examination with 2D-SWE or SMI, including 13 postoperative patients with BA and 121 non-BA patients. We investigated the distribution of liver stiffness values with SWE and vascular tree grading with SMI and evaluated correlations between these findings and biochemical indices of liver fibrosis in postoperative BA patients.
Results
The SWE values of the BA group were not significantly different from that of any other disease groups in non-BA patients. In postoperative BA patients, SWE values correlated significantly with aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (Spearman rank correlation coefficient [rs] = 0.6380, p = 0.0256) and with the Fib-4 index (rs=0.6526, p = 0.0214). SMI vascular tree grading of the BA group was significantly higher than that of the choledochal cyst group (p = 0.0008) and other hepatobiliary disorder group (p = 0.0030). In postoperative BA patients, SMI vascular tree grading was not positively correlated with any biochemical marker of fibrosis.
Conclusion
2D-SWE appears to be useful for follow-up in postoperative BA patients.
Role of arachidonic acid metabolism in osteosarcoma prognosis by integrating WGCNA and bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Wang Yaling , HSU Peichun , Lin Feng , Hu Haiyan , Wei Xiaokang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background Osteosarcoma is a rare tumor with poor clinical outcomes. New therapeutic targets are urgently needed. Previous research indicates that genes abnormally expressed in osteosarcoma are significantly involved in the arachidonic acid (AA) metabolic pathway. However, the role of arachidonic acid metabolism-related genes (AAMRGs) in osteosarcoma prognosis remains unknown. Methods Osteosarcoma samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were classified into high-score and low-score groups based on AAMRGs scores obtained through ssGSEA analysis. The intersecting genes were identified from weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), DEGs (osteosarcoma vs normal) and DE-AAMRGs (high- vs low-score). An AA metabolism predictive model of the five AAMRGs were established by Cox regression and the LASSO algorithm. Model performance was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. In vitro experiments of the AA related biomarkers was validated. Results Our study constructed an AAMRGs prognostic signature (CD36, CLDN11, STOM, EPYC, PANX3). K-M analysis indicated that patients in the low-risk group showed superior overall survival to high-risk group (p<0.05). ROC curves showed that all AUC values in the prognostic model exceeded 0.76. By ESTIMATE algorithms, we discovered that patients in high-risk groups had lower immune score, stromal score, and estimate score. Correlation analysis showed the strongest positive correlation between STOM and natural killer cells, and the highest negative association between PANX3 and central memory CD8 T cells. An AAMRGs prognostic signature was constructed for osteosarcoma prognosis. Conclusion The study suggested that a high level of AAMRGs might serve as a biomarker for poor prognosis in osteosarcoma and offers a potential explanation for the role of cyclooxygenase inhibitors in cancer. The five biomarkers (CD36, CLDN11, EPYC, PANX3, and STOM) were screened to construct an AAMRGs risk model with prognostic value, providing a new reference for the prognosis and treatment of osteosarcoma.
Factors predicting the need for liver transplantation in biliary atresia patients after 18 years of age
Authors: Takahashi Yoshiaki , Matsuura Toshiharu , Maeda Shohei , Uchida Yasuyuki , Kajihara Keisuke , Toriigahara Yukihiro , Kawakubo Naonori , Nagata Kouji , Tajiri Tatsuro 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

(Purpose) We aimed to identify factors predicting the need for future liver transplantation (LT) at 18 years of age in patients with biliary atresia (BA).
(Methods) BA patients with native liver survival at >18 years of age were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical characteristics, outcomes, hepatobiliary function, and liver fibrosis markers of native liver survivors (NLS group) were compared with patients who subsequently underwent LT (LT group).
(Results) The study population included 48 patients (NLS, n=34; LT, n=14). The male-to-female ratio, age at Kasai procedure, and type of BA in the two groups did not differ to a statistically significant extent. There was no significant difference in the MELD scores between the groups at 18 years of age. The aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), albumin-bilirubin (ALBI), and BA liver fibrosis (BALF) scores at 18 years of age were significantly higher in the LT group. The AUCs for APRI, ALBI, and BALF were 0.91, 0.79, and 0.85, respectively.
(Conclusion) Adult BA patients have limited options for LT owing to the lack of donor candidates and the low prevalence of deceased donors. The elucidation of prognostic factors for LT in adulthood is important. APRI was the most useful marker in this study.