bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Speech-Language Pathologists' Knowledge of Functional Speech Disorders
Authors: Utianski Rene L. 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this article is to offer an evaluation of speech-language pathologists' (SLPs') experiences with and knowledge of functional speech disorders. Functional speech disorders occur as a part of functional neurological disorders, a complex disorder that is often overlooked and misdiagnosed. Through an assessment of experience with and common myths about functional speech disorders among SLPs, the importance of providing education to SLPs about this patient population is discussed.

Method:
As a part of the presentation about functional speech disorders during the 2023 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Health Care Summit, 122 participants were asked to anonymously respond to a series of questions that outlined their demographics, training in functional speech disorders, and experiences with this patient population. Descriptive data are presented.

Results and Conclusions:

Among attendees, 58% were exposed to functional speech disorders in graduate school while 75% had seen a patient with a functional speech disorder, most of whom had also diagnosed the patients' communication disorder. This study highlights the role of the SLP in identifying and managing functional speech disorders and the increased attention this patient population has received over time, as well as the work yet to be done. Functional speech disorders are a legitimate clinical entity, for which a diagnosis can be made based on positive clinical features (i.e., is not a diagnosis of exclusion). The call to action includes guidance for clinicians, educators, and academic training programs to support this patient population. See the
Appendix
for a plain language summary.
The Influence of Word Characteristics on Preschoolers' Vocabulary Learning
Authors: Roettgen Greta , Peters-Sanders Lindsey , Hadley Elizabeth Burke , Goldstein Howard , Kelley Elizabeth Spencer 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
One challenge to the design and delivery of effective vocabulary intervention is the selection of vocabulary targets. The purpose of this study was to examine the relation of word characteristics to vocabulary learning from explicit vocabulary intervention.

Method:

This study was a secondary analysis of data from two recent efficacy studies of an explicit vocabulary intervention delivered to preschool children (
Story Friends
). Taught vocabulary words were coded for concreteness, imageability, and shape using the perceptual accessibility continuum.

Results:
Multilevel modeling indicated that perceptual accessibility predicted vocabulary learning. Of the perceptual accessibility components, concreteness and imageability contributed significantly to the model, but shape did not. Higher vocabulary learning was observed for words rated more perceptually accessible.

Conclusions:
Preschool children's vocabulary learning was predicted by perceptual accessibility characteristics of taught words. Findings contribute to the body of evidence to guide the selection and sequencing of vocabulary targets for effective vocabulary intervention.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27183684
Few‐shot cross‐receiver radio frequency fingerprinting identification based on feature separation
Authors: Hu Yuchen , Du Yihang , Qiao Xiaoqiang , Zhao Chen , Zhang Tao , Zhang Jiang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRadio frequency fingerprint identification (RFFI) is a widely used technique for authenticating equipment. It identifies transmitters by extracting hardware defects found in the RF front end. Recent research has focused on the impact of transmitters and wireless channels on radio frequency fingerprint (RFF). Most work is based on the same receiver assumption, while the influence of the receiver on RFF remains unresolved. This paper focuses on the impact of receiver hardware characteristics on RFF and proposes a few‐shot cross‐receiver RFFI method based on feature separation. Data augmentation with noise addition and simulated channels addresses sparse sample issues and enhances the model's robustness to channel variations. Simultaneously, feature separation is realized by reducing the correlation between transmitter and receiver features through classification loss and similarity loss. We evaluate the proposed approaches using a large‐scale WiFi dataset. It is shown that when a trained transmitter classifier is deployed on new receivers with only 30 samples per trained transmitter, the average identification accuracy of the proposed method is 83.6%. This accuracy is 9.45% higher than the baseline method without considering transmitter hardware influence. After fine‐tuning, the average identification accuracy can reach 98.25%.
End‐to‐end speech‐denoising deep neural network based on residual‐attention gated linear units
Authors: Kim Seon Man 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this letter, an improved gated linear unit (GLU) structure for end‐to‐end (E2E) speech enhancement is proposed. In the U‐Net structure, which is widely used as the foundational architecture for E2E deep neural network‐based speech denoising, the input noisy speech signal undergoes multiple layers of encoding and is compressed into essential potential representative information at the bottleneck. The latent information is then transmitted to the decoder stage for the restoration of the target clean speech. Among these approaches, CleanUNet, a prominent state‐of‐the‐art (SOTA) method, enhances temporal attention in latent space by employing multi‐head self‐attention. However, unlike the approach of applying the attention mechanism to the potentially compressed representative information of the bottleneck layer, the proposed method instead assigns the attention module to the GLU of each encoder/decoder block layer. The proposed method is validated by measuring short‐term objective speech intelligibility and sound quality. The objective evaluation results indicated that the proposed method using residual‐attention GLU outperformed existing methods using SOTA models such as FAIR‐denoiser and CleanUNet across signal‐to‐noise ratios ranging from 0 to 15 dB.
SFDiff: Diffusion model with sufficient spatial‐Fourier frequency information interaction for low‐light image enhancement
Authors: Wan Fei , Xu Bingxin , Yao Jingli , Zeng Lu , Pan Weiguo , Liu Hongzhe 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDiffusion models are increasingly applied in low‐light image enhancement tasks due to their exceptional capability to model data distributions, but most current methods focus only on the original pixel space and neglect the potential of Fourier frequency information. In this article, SFDiff is proposed, a novel low‐light image enhancement method that integrates Fourier frequency information into the diffusion process. Specifically, Fourier transforms are applied at both the image and feature levels to separately enhance the amplitude and phase components, which restores global illumination degradation and positional information. Then a Spatial‐Frequency Fusion (SFF) block is used to fully integrate and interact with the information across spatial and frequency domains. Since illumination degradation is primarily manifested in the amplitude component, a loss function based on maximum likelihood learning is employed to constrain the amplitude component at each step of the sampling process, ensuring that the reverse process maintains an optimal trajectory. Owing to the streamlined network design and the fact that the Fourier transform requires no extra parameters, SFDiff achieves a reduction in parameters of over compared to several state‐of‐the‐art (SOTA) diffusion models and delivers high‐quality enhancement results on multiple real‐world datasets. The code is available at https://github.com/MrWan001/SFDiff.
An ultra‐thin switched state active frequency selective surface absorber with wide bandwidth using semi‐analytical method
Authors: Jibran Z. A. Pandit , Jha Kumud R. , Sharma Satish K. , Shukla Anuj 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUsing low‐voltage forward biased PIN diodes, an ultrathin switched states active frequency selective surface based microwave absorber is designed. Using a semi‐analytical method, the NXP#BAP70‐03 PIN diode‐based single polarised unit‐cell of the active FSS absorber is rigorously analysed and its equivalent circuit model is developed. The unit‐cell of the structure is selected as such to increase the envelope of the operating bandwidth and thus a total measured operating bandwidth extending from 1.70 to 11.36 GHz with reflectivity ≤−10 dB and the fractional bandwidth of 148.4% is achieved. This envelope also contains a 21.05% minimum, and 94.76% maximum fractional bandwidths corresponding to their resonance frequencies. It has been achieved by the absorber with the unit‐cell size of 0.113λL × 0.113λL × 0.048λL where λL is the wavelength corresponding to the lowest operating frequency. The structure has been fabricated and experimentally verified for the normal and the angular incidences of the electromagnetic wave up to 30°. An exhaustive state‐of‐art comparison has also been made to demonstrate the novelty of the proposed work. Due to its low thickness of 0.048λL, and wide envelope of the operating bandwidth; it is a potential candidate for a smart stealth system, electromagnetic camouflage, and adaptive radar absorbing materials.
Filaments in and between galaxy clusters at low and mid-frequency with the SKA
Authors: Vacca Valentina , Govoni Federica , Murgia Matteo , Loi Francesca , Feretti Luigina , Li Hui , Battistelli Elia , Enßlin Torsten A. , Marchegiani Paolo 
Published: October 2024

Context. Understanding the magnetised Universe is a major challenge in modern astrophysics, and cosmic magnetism has been acknowledged as one of the key scientific drivers of the most ambitious radio instrument ever planned, the Square Kilometre Array.
Aims. With this work, we aim to investigate the potential of the Square Kilometre Array and its precursors and pathfinders in the study of magnetic fields in galaxy clusters and filaments through diffuse synchrotron radio emission. Galaxy clusters and filaments of the cosmic web are indeed unique laboratories in which to investigate turbulent fluid motions and large-scale magnetic fields in action, and much of what is known about magnetic fields in galaxy clusters comes from sensitive radio observations.
Methods. Based on cosmological magneto-hydrodynamic simulations, we predict radio properties (total intensity and polarisation) of a pair of galaxy clusters connected by a cosmic-web filament.
Results. We use our theoretical expectations to explore the potential of polarimetric observations to study large-scale structure magnetic fields in the frequency ranges 50–350 MHz and 950–1760 MHz. We also present predictions for galaxy cluster polarimetric observations with the Square Kilometre Array precursors and pathfinders, such as the LOw frequency ARray 2.0 and the MeerKAT+ telescope.
Conclusions. Our findings point out that polarisation observations are particularly powerful for the study of large-scale magnetic fields, since they are not significantly affected by confusion noise. The unprecedented sensitivity and spatial resolution of the intermediatefrequency radio telescopes make them the favourite instruments for the study of these sources through polarimetric data, potentially allowing us to understand if the energy density of relativistic electrons is in equipartition with the magnetic field or rather coupled with the thermal gas density. Our results show that low-frequency instruments also represent a precious tool to study diffuse synchrotron emission in total intensity and polarisation.
NICER and Swift/XRT monitoring of the 2023 outburst of Swift J1727.7–1613
Authors: Stiele H. , Kong A. K. H. 
Published: October 2024

Aims. The X-ray transient Swift J1727.7–1613 was first detected on August 24 2023 by Swift/BAT and INTEGRAL. We investigated data from the Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) and the Neil GehrelsSwift Observatory taken between August and October 2023.
Methods. We studied diagnostic diagrams, energy spectra, and short term variability. The observations cover the initial rise of the outburst in the hard state and the transition to the soft state. We focused on the evolution of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) using power-density spectra and on the evolution of the spectral parameters.
Results. The overall evolution of Swift J1727.7–1613 is consistent with this source being a low-mass black hole X-ray binary. Based on the Lense-Thirring precession interpretation of type-C QPOs, we obtained outer radii for the hot inner flow and found that the overall evolution of these radii agrees well with the evolution of the inner disc radii obtained from fits to the energy spectra. This result holds on all timescales tested in this study and supports the Lense-Thirring precession interpretation of type-C QPOs.
Measuring the diffuse interstellar bands at 5780, 5797, and 6614 Å in low-resolution spectra of cool stars from LAMOST
Authors: Ma Xiao-Xiao , Chen Jian-Jun , Luo A-Li , Zhao He , Shi Ji-Wei , Chen Jing , Liang Jun-Chao , Ma Shu-Guo , Qu Cai-Xia , Jiang Bi-Wei 
Published: October 2024

Context. The limited number of high-resolution spectra of hot stars is inadequate for statistical studies of diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs). In contrast, the vast quantity of low-resolution spectroscopic surveys on cool stars holds great potential for investigating the relationship between DIBs and the known interstellar medium (ISM), as well as the spatial distribution of their unidentified carriers.
Aims. We attempt to measure the DIBs λ5780, λ5797, and λ6614 in over two million low-resolution spectra of cool stars from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST). Based on these DIB measurements, we reviewed and investigated the correlation between DIBs and extinction; the kinematics of DIBs; and the Galactic distribution of DIBs from a statistical perspective.
Methods. We developed a pipeline to measure the DIBs λ5780, λ5797, and λ6614 in the LAMOST low-resolution spectra. Four modules in the pipeline consist of building the target and reference dataset; extracting the ISM residual spectra from the target spectra; measuring the DIBs in the residual spectra; and quality control of the measurements.
Results. We obtained DIB measurements of spectra of late-type stars from LAMOST, and selected 176 831, 13 473, and 110 152 high-quality (HQ) measurements of the DIBs λ5780, λ5797, and λ6614, respectively, corresponding to 142074, 11 480, and 85 301 unique sources. Using these HQ measurements, we present Galactic maps of the DIBs λ5780 and λ6614 in the northern sky for the first time. The central wavelengths of the DIBs λ5780, λ5797, and λ6614 in air are determined to be 5780.48 ± 0.01, 5796.94 ± 0.02, and 6613.64 ± 0.01 Å, respectively, based on their kinematics. A statistical fit of the equivalent widths of these three DIBs per unit extinction provides values of 0.565, 0.176, and 0.256 Å mag−1. As a result of this work, three catalogs of the HQ measurements for the DIBs λ5780, λ5797, and λ6614 are provided via https://nadc.china-vo.org/res/r181484/.
Conclusions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest number of measurements of these three DIBs to date. It is also the first time that Galactic maps of the DIBs λ5780 and λ6614 in the northern hemisphere are presented, and that the central wavelengths of the DIBs λ5780, λ5797, and λ6614 are estimated from kinematics.
Hidden by a star: The redshift and the offset broad line of the flat-spectrum radio quasar PKS 0903–57
Authors: Goldoni P. , Boisson C. , Pita S. , D’Ammando F. , Kasai E. , Max-Moerbeck W. , Backes M. , Cotter G. 
Published: October 2024

Context. PKS 0903−57 is a little-studied γ-ray blazar that has recently attracted considerable interest due to the strong flaring episodes observed since 2020 in high energy (HE; 100 MeV ≤ E ≤ 100 GeV) and very high-energy (VHE; 100 GeV ≤ E ≤ 10 TeV) γ-rays. Its nature and properties are still not well determined. In particular, it is unclear whether PKS 0903−57 is a BL Lac or a flat-spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ), while its redshift estimation relies on a possibly misassociated low signal-to-noise ratio spectrum.
Aims. Our aims were to reliably measure the redshift of the blazar, and to determine its spectral type and luminosity in the optical range.
Methods. We performed spectroscopy of the optical counterpart of the blazar using the South African Large Telescope (SALT) and the Very Large Telescope (VLT), and monitored it photometrically with the Rapid Eye Mount (REM) telescope.
Results. We firmly measured the redshift of the blazar as z = 0.2621 ± 0.0006 thanks to the detection of five narrow optical lines. The detection of a symmetric broad Hα line with full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 4020 ± 30 km/s together with a jet-dominated continuum leads us to classify it as a FSRQ. Finally, we detected with high significance a redshift offset (∼1500 km/s) between the broad line and the host. This is the first time that such an offset has been unequivocally detected in a VHE blazar, possibly pointing to a very peculiar accretion configuration, a merging system, or a recoiling black hole.
An optimization method for deformable mirror configuration in multi-conjugate adaptive optics systems
Authors: Li Ziming , Liu Yuhe , Zhang Lanqiang , Ke Zibo , Huang Linhai , Rao Changhui 
Published: October 2024

Context. Multi-conjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) is a crucial technology for achieving high-resolution imaging over a wide field of view with modern ground-based optical telescopes. The configuration of deformable mirrors (DMs) is a key component in the analysis and optimization of MCAO performance. Currently, the search for the optimal DM configuration often relies on iterative and time-consuming Monte Carlo simulations. This issue arises from the lack of an appropriate optimization method for DM configurations.
Aims. The primary objective of this paper is to establish an optimization method for DM configurations in MCAO systems. We established a quantitative criterion for evaluating DM configurations by analyzing their correction capabilities for turbulence aberrations at different altitudes. Then, we optimized the DM configurations based on this criterion. This method provides a new theoretical foundation and practical tool for the design and performance optimization of MCAO systems.
Methods. Based on the pupil phase structure function, we established a DM configuration evaluation criterion, namely the non-conjugate correction index (NCCI). Using NCCI as the optimal criterion, combined with the particle swarm optimization algorithm, we searched for the optimal solution across different DM configuration spaces.
Results. We conducted simulations based on the turbulence profiles of typical telescope sites. We validated our proposed theoretical model against Monte Carlo simulation models and find that the NCCI error ranges from 0.05 to 0.1. For optimizing DM conjugate heights, the results of our optimization algorithm differ by less than 1 km from those obtained via Monte Carlo simulations. Regarding the performance of the DM optimization algorithm, the average convergence accuracy error is less than 0.1 km, and the average convergence speed is approximately ten iterations. Additionally, our optimization method runs in just a few minutes; Monte Carlo simulations, in comparison, require several dozen hours.
Strategien und Maßnahmen zur Stärkung der Gesundheitskompetenz von
Menschen mit Migrationsgeschichte – Eine Online-Befragung von
Primärversorger*innen in Hessen
Authors: Wahidie Diana , Pacolli-Tabaku Latife , Yilmaz-Aslan Yüce , Brzoska Patrick 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Eine ausreichende Gesundheitskompetenz ist entscheidend für
die aktive Beteiligung an gesundheitsbezogenen Entscheidungen. Menschen mit
Migrationsgeschichte gehören zu den Bevölkerungsgruppen, die häufiger
Schwierigkeiten haben können, relevante Informationen zu finden und zum Zwecke
eigener Entscheidungsfindung anzuwenden. Primärversorger*innen können als erste
Anlaufstelle für gesundheits- und krankheitsbedingte Fragen einen wichtigen
Beitrag bei der Stärkung der Gesundheitskompetenz dieser Bevölkerungsgruppe
leisten. Bisher ist unklar, welche Ansätze sie hierfür nutzen.
Ziel der Arbeit Ziel ist es zu ermitteln, welche Strategien und Maßnahmen
exemplarisch Primärversorger*innen in Hessen einsetzen, um die
Gesundheitskompetenz von Menschen mit Migrationsgeschichte zu stärken, und
welche zusätzlichen Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten sie sich hierzu wünschen.
Material und Methoden 2784 primärversorgende Praxen in Hessen wurden im
Zeitraum 01. August 2023 bis 24. Oktober 2023 per E-Mail zur Teilnahme an einer
quantitativen Online-Befragung eingeladen. Die Daten wurden deskriptiv
ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Die Mehrheit der Befragten nutzt zur Stärkung der
Gesundheitskompetenz von Menschen mit Migrationsgeschichte mehrsprachige
Informationsmaterialien, verweist auf zuverlässige Informationsquellen und
Ansprechpartner*innen und setzt mehrheitlich muttersprachliche Mitarbeiter*innen
oder digitale Tools zum Dolmetschen ein. Mittel zur Verbesserung der
Kommunikation und Information sowie eine Aufstockung des Personals werden von
den Primärversorger*innen als hilfreich erachtet, um die Gesundheitskompetenz
der Betroffenen fördern zu können. Gleichzeitig wird betont, dass auch von
Seiten der Patient*innen mit Migrationsgeschichte Anstrengungen unternommen
werden sollten, sich Gesundheitskompetenz anzueignen.
Schlussfolgerung Obwohl Primärversorger*innen bereits Strategien anwenden,
um Menschen mit Migrationsgeschichte bei der Kommunikation und
Entscheidungsfindung zu unterstützen, besteht weiterhin Bedarf an Verbesserungen
durch den Einsatz von Maßnahmen zur Erleichterung des Zugangs und der Navigation
innerhalb der Praxis, eine verstärkte Zusammenarbeit mit anderen Akteur*innen
sowie die Integration von Gesundheitskompetenz in organisatorische Strukturen
der Praxis.
20 Jahre Akupunktur: Erfahrungen, Ziele, Perspektiven
Authors: Hua Kevin 
Published: October 2024

SummaryHatten die Akupunktur und die Traditionelle Chinesische Medizin lange Zeit eine Außenseiterposition im deutschen Gesundheitssystem, sind sie - auch dank sich verfestigender wissenschaftlicher Evidenz - zunehmend anerkannt, sowohl bei Patienten als auch bei anderen Ärzten und Institutionen wie der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung. Gabriela Huemer, Moritz Hempen, Kevin Hua, Sebastian Oppitz, Dominik Irnich und Naschmil Pollmann berichten von ihrer persönlichen Berufserfahrung, ihren Abrechnungskonzepten und Perspektiven auf dem Gebiet der Akupunktur und der Traditionellen Chinesischen Medizin.
Abrechnung von Anamnese- und Gesprächsleistungen nach der Gebührenordnung für Ärzte
Authors: Stör Wolfram 
Published: October 2024

SummaryPatientengespräche, etwa zur Anamnese, zur Beratung oder Aufklärung über Therapien, sind ein wichtiger und zugleich zeitintensiver Faktor - insbesondere im Bereich der Komplementärmedizin. Die Gebührenordnung für Ärzte (GOÄ) sieht hierfür keine hinreichende Möglichkeit vor, diese Gespräche in vollem Umfang und ohne zeitliche Einschränkungen abzurechnen. Ein genauer Blick auf die GOÄ und klug angewandte Begründungstexte ermöglichen es dennoch, in begrenztem Maße Gesprächsleistungen im Bereich der Akupunktur und ggf. angepasst auch in anderen Domänen der Komplementärmedizin abzurechnen.
Naturheilkundliche Basisversorgung: aus dem Alltag eines naturheilkundlich orientierten Hausarztes
Authors: Gündling Peter W. 
Published: October 2024

SummaryAuch in einer kassenärztlichen Hausarztpraxis kann schwerpunktmäßig mit Naturheilverfahren und komplementärmedizinischen Methoden gearbeitet werden. Anhand von 5 Beispielfällen, einem Patienten mir Rücken- und Gelenkschmerzen, einer Patientin mit Tracheobronchitis, einer Patientin mit Husten, einer Nachsorge-Patientin nach Mammakarzinom und einem Bluthochdruck-Patienten, schildert ein naturheilkundlich orientierter Hausarzt, wie die Integration der Komplementärmedizin gut gelingen kann.