bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The genealogy of iterative growth
Authors: Mària Serrano Magdalena 
Published: December 2017

Over the last few decades, there have been many proposals for collective housing in which architectural forms have arisen from processes of infinite iteration. These designs put special emphasis on the concept of the element or basic unit, but also focus on the mechanisms by which these elements and units relate to one another and grow. This essay is an exploration of the historical precedents that inform these proposals, as well as a parallel comparison of the geometry behind infinitely iterative inhabitable cells and those strategies found in other creative disciplines, nature, and in the internal structures of compounds.
Durant les últimes dècades, hi ha hagut moltes propostes d'habitatge col·lectiu en què les formes arquitectòniques han sorgit dels processos d'iteració infinita. Aquests dissenys fan especial èmfasi en el concepte de la unitat o element bàsic, però també es centren en els mecanismes pels quals aquests elements i unitats es relacionen entre sí i creixen. Aquest assaig és una exploració dels antecedents històrics que informen d'aquestes propostes, així com una comparació paral·lela de la geometria darrere de cèl·lules inhabitables infinitament repetitives i les seves estratègies es troben en altres disciplines creatives, la natura, i en les estructures internes dels compostos.
Durante las últimas décadas, ha habido muchas propuestas de vivienda colectiva en la que las formas arquitectónicas han surgido de los procesos de iteración infinita. Estos diseños hacen especial hincapié en el concepto de la unidad o elemento básico, pero también se centran en los mecanismos por los cuales estos elementos y unidades se relacionan entre sí y crecen. Este ensayo es una exploración de los antecedentes históricos que informan de estas propuestas, así como una comparación paralela de la geometría detrás de células inhabitables infinitamente repetitivas y sus estrategias se encuentran en otras disciplinas creativas, la naturaleza, y en las estructuras internas de los compuestos.
Ciudad sustentable: crisis y oportunidad en México
Authors: Iracheta Cenecorta Alfonso Xavier 
Published: December 2017

El texto se orienta a poner al día algunas ideas críticas relativas a los fenómenos del desarrollo regional-urbano de México. Se analizan los principales problemas ambientales en las ciudades, tomando en consideración no solo su estructura interna, sino las revoluciones mundiales (apertura de los mercados, desarrollo tecnológico y de la información, la política y las expectativas sociales), que han cambiado profundamente a México durante las tres últimas décadas, enfatizando las transformaciones socio-ambientales. Se proponen algunos principios que pretenden recuperar la planeación urbana y poner en práctica procesos de gobernanza de base territorial, a fin de enfrentar la grave crisis urbana del país.
El text s’orienta a posar al dia algunes idees crítiques relatives als fenòmens de desenvolupament regional urbà de Mèxic. S’analitzen els principals problemes ambientals a les ciutats, tenint en consideració no només la seva estructura interna sinó les revolucions mundials (obertura de mercats, desenvolupament tecnològic i de la informació, la política i les expectatives socials), que han canviat profundament a Mèxic durant les tres últimes dècades, emfatitzant les transformacions socioambientals. Es proposen alguns principis que pretenen recuperar el planejament urbà i posar en pràctica processos de governança de base territorial, amb la finalitat d’afrontar la greu crisi urbana del país.
This text attempts to update some ideas regarding the regional-urban problem from a critical point of view and applied to Mexico. Main sustainability problems within Mexican cities are analyzed, taking into account not only their inner context but the global revolutions (open markets, technology and information, politics and social expectations), that have deeply changed this nation during the last 3 decades, emphasizing its socio-environmental transformations. Proposed principles aim to recover urban planning and to put in practice a governance process based on the territory in order to face the deep urban crisis in Mexico.
Policentrismo y estructuración del espacio: una revisión crítica desde la perspectiva de los programas de investigación
Authors: Boix Rafael , Trullén Joan 
Published: December 2017

En 2050 el 75% de la población se concentrará en áreas urbanas que crecerán en tamaño y complejidad, evolucionando hacia estructuras cada vez más policéntricas y dispersas, haciendo que el actual modelo de pensar la ciudad quede obsoleto. A pesar de la creciente importancia del policentrismo, en España continúa siendo un fenómeno poco estudiado y poco conocido. Antes de seguir adelante con su estudio, es necesario proceder con una revisión crítica del policentrismo que sirva como punto de partida. En este artículo se propone esta revisión crítica desde el punto de vista de los programas de investigación. La revisión pone de manifiesto que los temas más vinculados con los efectos del policentrismo se encuentran en el cinturón exterior de la teoría, hay poca investigación sobre ellos, y la existente produce resultados contradictorios. Estas consideraciones deben tenerse en cuenta en toda su extensión antes de trasladar el policentrismo a un plano normativo.
El 2050 el 75% de la població es concentrarà en àrees urbanes que creixeran en mida i complexitat, evolucionant cap a estructures cada vegada més policèntriques i disperses, fent que l’actual model de pensar la ciutat quedi obsolet. A pesar de la creixent importància del policentrisme, a Espanya continua essent un fenomen poc estudiat i poc conegut. Abans de seguir endavant amb l’estudi, és necessari procedir a una revisió crítica del policentrisme que serveixi com a punt de partida. En aquest article es proposa aquesta revisió crítica des del punt de vista dels programes d’investigació. La revisió posa de manifest que els temes més vinculats amb els efectes del policentrisme es troben en el cinturó exterior de la teoria, hi ha poca investigació sobre ells i la existent produeix resultats contradictoris. Aquestes consideracions han de ser tingudes en compte en tota la seva extensió abans de traslladar el policentrisme a un àmbit normatiu.
In 2050 75% of the population will be concentrated in urban areas which will grow in size and complexity, evolving into increasingly polycentric structures and scattered, causing obsolence in the current model of thinking the city. Despite the growing importance of polycentrism, in Spain is still a phenomenon shortly studied and poorly understood. Before moving forward with its study, it is necessary to proceed with a critical review of polycentrism that serves as a starting point. This article proposes this critical review from the perspective of research programs. The review reveals that the issues related to the effects of polycentrism are in the outer belt of the theory, that there is little research on them, and that the existing produces conflicting results.
El uso del transporte privado: percepciones individuales y contradicciones colectivas en un marco de sostenibilidad ambiental y social
Authors: Miralles Guasch Carme , Martínez Melo Montserrat , Marquet Sardà Oriol 
Published: December 2017

Las externalidades negativas derivadas del uso masivo del transporte privado han sido
ampliamente estudiadas y verificadas por un colectivo extenso de científicos, desde una
perspectiva ambiental y social. Sin embargo, el uso de los automóviles es una práctica
ampliamente aceptada e incluso reivindicada por un gran número de ciudadanos. Este dilema
requiere de un análisis de las razones de estos usos y de las percepciones que tienen sus
usuarios.
Se analizan los motivos individuales de la utilización del transporte privado para llegar a un
punto nodal suburbano de la Región Metropolitana de Barcelona: el Campus de la Universidad
Autónoma de Barcelona. El análisis ha barajado metodología cuantitativa con los datos de la
Encuesta de movilidad de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona y análisis cualitativo. Pues sólo cuantificando el uso de los transportes privados y entendiendo las razones de su utilización se podrán establecer políticas disuasorias para su uso.
Les externalitats negatives derivades de l’ús massiu del transport privat han estat àmpliament estudiades i verificades per un col·lectiu extens de científics, des d’una perspectiva ambiental i social. No obstant, l’ús dels automòbils és una pràctica àmpliament acceptada i inclús reivindicada per un gran número de ciutadans. Aquest dilema requereix un anàlisi de les raons d’aquests usos i de les percepcions que tenen els seus usuaris.

S’analitzen els motius individuals de la utilització del transport privat per arribar a un punt nodal suburbà de la Regió Metropolitana de Barcelona: el Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. L’anàlisi ha barrejat metodologia qualitativa amb dades de l’Enquesta de Mobilitat de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona i anàlisi quantitatiu. Només quantificant l’ús dels transports privats i entenent les raons de la seva utilització es podran establir polítiques dissuatòries pel seu ús.
The negative externalities of the massive use of private transport have been widely studied and verified by the scientific academy. These studies have focused either on the environmental or the social issues. However, the use of the automobile is widely accepted and even vindicated among a high number of citizens. This dilemma implies having to analyze the reasons of its usage alongside with the perceptions that their users have.
This paper analyses the individual motivations for using private transport to reach a single nodal and suburban point inside Barcelona’s Metropolitan Region: the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB). The analysis has used quantitative methodology with data gathered by the Mobility Survey of the UAB and also qualitative analysis. Only quantifying the use of private transport and understanding the reasons for their utilization, will we be able to establish dissuasive politics against its use.
Un caso paradigmático de sprawl: la costa de la provincial de Alicante
Authors: Martí Ciriquián Pablo , Nolasco Cirugeda Almudena 
Published: December 2017

El presente trabajo analiza la profunda transformación territorial que ha tenido lugar en el litoral
de la provincia de Alicante durante el periodo 1990-2006. A partir de los datos ofrecidos por el
proyecto Corine Land Cover y la información urbanística de las administraciones públicas, se
analizan las características del nuevo suelo artificializado. Los resultados evidencian que este
fenómeno ha sido muy intenso, especialmente en dos aspectos: por un lado, en el litoral se han
ocupado la mayoría de los espacios vacantes y, en aquellos que estaban ya ocupados, la
urbanización ha crecido hacia el interior; por otro lado, se ha configurado un nuevo espacio
territorial vinculado a los nuevos viarios de gran capacidad, ocupando espacios que antes
carecían de accesibilidad. Todas estas transformaciones han cambiado de manera muy
importante las características del territorio tal y como se conocía hasta el momento, creando
nuevos espacios de oportunidad no exentos de unos considerables costes medioambientales y
económicos.
El present treball analitza la profunda transformació territorial que tingut lloc al litoral de la província d'Alacant durant el període 1990-2006. A partir de les dades ofertes pel projecte Corine Land Cover i la informació urbanística de les administracions públiques, s'analitzen les característiques del nou sòl artificialitzat. Els resultats evidencien que aquest fenomen ha estat molt intens, especialment en dos aspectes: per un banda, en el litoral s'han ocupat la majoria dels espais vacants i, en aquells que estaven ja ocupats, la urbanització ha crescut cap a l'interior; per altra banda, s'ha configurat un nou espai territorial vinculat als nous viaris de gran capacitat, ocupant espais que abans els mancava l'accessibilitat. Totes aquestes transformacions han canviat de manera molt important les característiques del territori tal i com es coneixia fins el moment, creant nous espais d'oportunitat no exempts d'uns considerables costos mediambientals i econòmics.
This paper studies the significant territorial transformation that has taken place within the coast of the Alicante province during the period 1990-2006. Based on Corine Land Cover project data and Public Administration information about urban planning, the characteristics of new artificial surfaces have been analysed. The results prove the great importance of this phenomenon, especially in two aspects. On the one hand, most of coastal vacant spaces have been occupied, while those already occupied extended inland. On the other hand, the construction of motorways and other roads greatly improved access to new inner areas. All the above described land transformations have significantly changed the character of the territory by creating new opportunity spaces; however, these were not exempt from considerable environmental and economic costs.
Sodium salt medium-chain fatty acids andBacillus-based probiotic strategies to improve growth and intestinal health of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)
Authors: Simó-Mirabet Paula , Piazzon M. Carla , Calduch-Giner Josep Alvar , Ortiz Álvaro , Puyalto Mónica , Sitjà-Bobadilla Ariadna , Pérez-Sánchez Jaume 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundThe increased demand for fish protein has led to the intensification of aquaculture practices which are hampered by nutritional and health factors affecting growth performance. To solve these problems, antibiotics have been used for many years in the prevention, control and treatment against disease as well as growth promoters to improve animal performance. Nowadays, the use of antibiotics in the European Union and other countries has been completely or partially banned as a result of the existence of antibiotic cross-resistance. Therefore, a number of alternatives, including enzymes, prebiotics, probiotics, phytonutrients and organic acids used alone or in combination have been proposed for the improvement of immunological state, growth performance and production in livestock animals. The aim of the present study was to evaluate two commercially available feed additives, one based on medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) from coconut oil and another with aBacillus-based probiotic, in gilthead sea bream (GSB,Sparus aurata), a marine farmed fish of high value in the Mediterranean aquaculture.MethodsThe potential benefits of adding two commercial feed additives on fish growth performance and intestinal health were assessed in a 100-days feeding trial. The experimental diets (D2 and D3) were prepared by supplementing a basal diet (D1) with MCFAs in the form of a sodium salt of coconut fatty acid distillate (DICOSAN®; Norel, Madrid, Spain), rich on C-12, added at 0.3% (D2) or with the probioticBacillus amyloliquefaciensCECT 5940, added at 0.1% (D3). The study integrated data on growth performance, blood biochemistry, histology and intestinal gene expression patterns of selected markers of intestinal function and architecture.ResultsMCFAs in the form of a coconut oil increased feed intake, growth rates and the surface of nutrient absorption, promoting the anabolic action of the somatotropic axis. The probiotic (D3) induced anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects with changes in circulating cortisol, immunoglobulin M, leukocyte respiratory burst, and mucosal expression levels of cytokines, lymphocyte markers and immunoglobulin T.DiscussionMCFA supplementation showed positive effects on GSB growth and intestinal architecture acting mainly in the anterior intestine, where absorption takes place. The probioticB. amyloliquefaciensCECT 5940 exhibited key effects in the regulation of the immune status inducing anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects which can be potentially advantageous upon infection or exposure to other stressors. The potential effects of these feed additives in GSB are very promising to improve health and disease resistance in aquaculture.
Ultrathin Graphdiyne Nanosheets Grown In Situ on Copper Nanowires and Their Performance as Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Shang Hong , Zuo Zicheng , Li Liang , Wang Fan , Liu Huibiao , Li Yongjun , Li Yuliang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA method is presented for the scalable preparation of high‐quality graphdiyne nanotubes and ultrathin graphdiyne nanosheets (average thickness: ca. 1.9 nm) using Cu nanowires as a catalyst. For the storage of Li+ ions, the graphdiyne nanostructures show a high capacity of 1388 mAh g−1 and high rate performance (870 mA h g−1 at 10 A g−1, and 449.8 mA h g−1 at 20 A g−1) with robust stability, demonstrating outstanding overall potential for its applications.
Lithium‐Catalyzed Thiol Alkylation with Tertiary and Secondary Alcohols: Synthesis of 3‐Sulfanyl‐Oxetanes as Bioisosteres
Authors: Croft Rosemary A. , Mousseau James J. , Choi Chulho , Bull James A. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract3‐Sulfanyl‐oxetanes are presented as promising novel bioisosteric replacements for thioesters or benzyl sulfides. From oxetan‐3‐ols, a mild and inexpensive Li catalyst enables chemoselective C−OH activation and thiol alkylation. Oxetane sulfides are formed from various thiols providing novel motifs in new chemical space and specifically as bioisosteres for thioesters due to their similar shape and electronic properties. Under the same conditions, various π‐activated secondary and tertiary alcohols are also successful. Derivatization of the oxetane sulfide linker provides further novel oxetane classes and building blocks. Comparisons of key physicochemical properties of the oxetane compounds to selected carbonyl and methylene analogues indicate that these motifs are suitable for incorporation into drug discovery efforts.
High nitrate removal by starch‐stabilized Fe0 nanoparticles in aqueous solution in a controlled system
Authors: Rajab Beigy Mahdieh , Rasekh Behnam , Yazdian Fatemeh , Aminzadeh Behnoush , Shekarriz Marzieh 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis study was conducted to investigate biodenitrification efficiency with starch‐stabilized nano zero valent iron (S‐nZVI) as the additional electron donor in the presence of S2O3 in aqueous solutions, under anaerobic conditions. The main challenge for nZVI application is their tendency to agglomeration, thereby resulting in loss of reactivity that necessitates the use of stabilizers to improve their stability. In this study, S‐nZVI was synthesized by chemical reduction method with starch as a stabilizer. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by TEM, XRD, and FTIR. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image shows S‐nZVI has a size in the range of 5–27.5 nanometer. Temperature and S‐nZVI concentration were the important factors affecting nitrate removal. Biodenitrification increased at 35°C and 500 mg/L of S‐nZVI, in these conditions, biodenitrification efficiency increased from 40.45 to 78.84%. Experimental results suggested that biodenitrification increased by decreasing initial nitrate concentration. In the bioreactor biodenitrification rate was 94.07% in the presence of S‐nZVI. This study indicated that, Fe2+ could be used as the only electron donor or as the additional electron donor in the presence of S2O3 to increase denitrification efficiency.
miR‐221/222 cluster expression improves clinical stratification of non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer (TaT1) patients' risk for short‐term relapse and progression
Authors: Tsikrika Foteini D. , Avgeris Margaritis , Levis Panagiotis K. , Tokas Theodoros , Stravodimos Konstantinos , Scorilas Andreas 
Published: November 2017

AbstractClinical heterogeneity of bladder cancer prognosis requires the identification of bladder tumors' molecular profile to improve the prediction value of the established and clinically used markers. In this study, we have analyzed miR‐221/222 cluster expression in bladder tumors and its clinical significance for patients' prognosis and disease outcome. The study included 387 tissue specimens. Following extraction, total RNA was polyadenylated at 3′‐end and reversed transcribed. SYBR‐Green based qPCR assays were performed for the quantification of miR‐221/222 expression. Extensive statistical analysis was completed for the evaluation of miR‐221/222 cluster's clinical significance. The expression of miR‐221/222 is significantly downregulated in tumors compared to normal urothelium, while ROC curve and logistic regression analysis highlighted cluster's discriminatory ability. However, miR‐222 levels were increased in muscle‐invasive (T2‐T4) compared to superficial tumors (TaT1), and in high compared to low‐grade tumors. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves and Cox regression analysis revealed the stronger risk of TaT1 patients overexpressing miR‐222 for disease short‐term relapse and progression following treatment. Moreover, multivariate Cox models highlighted the independent prognostic value of miR‐222 overexpression for TaT1 patients' poor prognosis. Finally, the analysis of miR‐222 expression improved significantly the positive prediction strength of the clinically used prognostic markers of tumor stage, grade, EORTC risk‐stratification and recurrence at the first follow‐up cystoscopy for TaT1 patients' outcome, and resulted to higher clinical net benefit following decision curve analysis. In conclusion, the expression of miR‐221/222 cluster is deregulated in bladder tumors and miR‐222 overexpression results to a superior positive prediction of TaT1 patients' short‐term relapse and progression.
Leveraging the learning health care model to improve equity in the age of genomic medicine
Authors: Blizinsky Katherine D. , Bonham Vence L. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractTo fully achieve the goals of a genomics‐enabled learning health care system, purposeful efforts to understand and reduce health disparities and improve equity of care are essential. This paper highlights 3 major challenges facing genomics‐enabled learning health care systems, as they pertain to ancestrally diverse populations: inequality in the utility of genomic medicine; lack of access to pharmacogenomics in clinical care; and inadequate incorporation of social and environmental data into the electronic health care record. We advance a framework that cannot only be used to directly improve care for all within the learning health system but can also be used to focus on the needs to address racial and ethnic health disparities and improve health equity.
Patient participation, a prerequisite for care: A grounded theory study of healthcare professionals’ perceptions of what participation means in a paediatric care context
Authors: Carlsson Ing‐Marie , Nygren Jens M. , Svedberg Petra 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimsTo explore healthcare professionals’ perceptions of what patient participation means in a paediatric care context.DesignA qualitative explorative design with grounded theory.MethodsFifteen healthcare professionals who worked in paediatric care settings were either interviewed or asked open‐ended questions in a survey, during December 2015–May 2016. Grounded theory was used as a method.ResultsThe study results provide a theoretical conceptualization of what patient participation meant for healthcare professionals in paediatric care and how participation was enabled. The core category “participation a prerequisite for care” emerged as the main finding explaining the concept as ethical, practical and integrated in the care givers way of working. However, the concept was implicit in the organization. Four additional categories illustrated the healthcare professionals’ different strategies used to enhance patient participation; “meeting each child where the child is,” “building a relationship with the child,” “showing respect for each individual child” and “making the most of the moment.”