bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inter‐archipelago dispersal, anagenetic evolution, and the origin of a rare, enigmatic plant genus on a remote oceanic archipelago
Authors: Cho Myong‐Suk , Kim Seon‐Hee , Danton Philippe , Kim Seung‐Chul , Stuessy Tod F. , Crawford Daniel J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPremiseIsland plants have long interested biologists because of their distinctive morphological features and their isolation on small land areas in vast oceans. Studies of insular endemics may include identifying their ancestors, tracing their dispersal to islands, and describing their evolution on islands, including characters adaptive to island life. Thamnoseris is a monospecific genus endemic to the Desventuradas Islands, Chile. Its origins and relationships are unresolved, given the challenges of getting to the islands and accessing plants there.MethodsSequences from ITS of nrDNA and the complete chloroplast genome were employed to resolve phylogenetic relationships of Thamnoseris.ResultsPhylogenetic analyses of nuclear and chloroplast sequences showed Thamnoseris nested within or sister to Dendroseris, the largest endemic genus in the Juan Fernández Islands.ConclusionsThamnoseris evolved from a common ancestor of all or most species of Dendroseris prior to the diversification of Dendroseris in the Juan Fernández archipelago. The ancestor of Thamnoseris dispersed to the Desventuradas archipelago, which consists of the islands San Ambrosio and San Félix, within the past 3 Ma (the age of San Ambrosio). This is the only known example of possible plant dispersa\l between the Juan Fernández and Desventuradas Islands. We also mention two less likely biogeographic scenarios for the origin of Thamnoseris, which has features not seen in Dendroseris: small capitula with yellow florets; style branches barely divergent; and basally swollen subtending involucral bracts, all features associated with selfing and reduced dispersal. Goats and rabbits (now removed) reduced T. lacerata, once very abundant on the Desventuradas Islands, to several plants, making it of extreme conservation concern and worthy of further study.
Future considerations for implementation and impact of community narrative initiatives
Authors: Yaros Anna , Graham Phillip W. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn response to communities where individuals experience both disproportionate numbers of Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and other health inequities, narrative change has emerged as a powerful tool to change how ACEs are viewed and addressed by communities. The special issue presents a set of papers examining efforts to use narrative change to address ACEs. In this commentary, we offer reflections on the introduction and three articles of the special issue and point to future considerations for implementation and impact of community narrative initiatives. For example, we assert that to prevent and address the outcomes of ACEs such as substance use and mental health problems, communities need to include and amplify the voices of those with lived experience during decision‐making about policy. We also espouse using research models of resilience in communities as a way to further uptake of narrative change strategies in the literature on ACEs and health disparities in communities. Using trauma‐informed outcomes and measures are also critical to measure how narrative change can move the needle to promote health equity.
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization with Conductive Polymers
Authors: Stern Quentin , Verhaeghe Guillaume , El Daraï Théo , Montarnal Damien , Huu Le Nghia , Veyre Laurent , Thieuleux Chloé , Bocquelet Charlotte , Cala Olivier , Jannin Sami 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe low sensitivity of liquid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) can be overcome by hyperpolarizing nuclear spins by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP). It consists of transferring the near‐unity polarization of unpaired electron spins of stable radicals to the nuclear spins of interest at liquid helium temperatures, below 2 K, before melting the sample in view of hyperpolarized liquid‐state magnetic resonance experiments. Reaching such a temperature is challenging and requires complex instrumentation, which impedes the deployment of dDNP. Here, we propose organic conductive polymers such as polyaniline (PANI) as a new class of polarizing matrices and report 1H polarizations of up to 5 %. We also show that 13C spins of a host solution impregnated in porous conductive polymers can be hyperpolarized by relayed DNP. Such conductive polymers can be synthesized as chiral and display current induced spin selectivity leading to electron spin hyperpolarization close to unity without the need for low temperatures nor high magnetic fields. Our results show the feasibility of solid‐state DNP in conductive polymers that are known to exhibit chirality‐induced spin selectivity.
Regulating Intermolecular Interactions and Film Formation Kinetics for Record Efficiency in Difluorobenzothiadizole‐Based Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Zhibo , Zhu Shenbo , Peng Xiaoxiao , Luo Siwei , Liang Wenting , Zhang Ziyue , Dou Yunjie , Zhang Guangye , Chen Shangshang , Hu Huawei , Chen Yiwang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe difluorobenzothiadizole (ffBT) unit is one of the most classic electron‐accepting building blocks used to construct D‐A copolymers for applications in organic solar cells (OSCs). Historically, ffBT‐based polymers have achieved record power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) in fullerene‐based OSCs owing to their strong temperature‐dependent aggregation (TDA) characteristics. However, their excessive miscibility and rapid aggregation kinetics during film formation have hindered their performance with state‐of‐the‐art non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs). Herein, we synthesized two ffBT‐based copolymers, PffBT‐2T and PffBT‐4T, incorporating different π‐bridges to modulate intermolecular interactions and aggregation tendencies. Experimental and theoretical studies revealed that PffBT‐4T exhibits reduced electrostatic potential differences and miscibility with L8‐BO compared to PffBT‐2T. This facilitates improved phase separation in the active layer, leading to enhanced molecular packing and optimized morphology. Moreover, PffBT‐4T demonstrated a prolonged nucleation and crystal growth process, leading to enhanced molecular packing and optimized morphology. Consequently, PffBT‐4T‐based devices achieved a remarkable PCE of 17.5 %, setting a new record for ffBT‐based photovoltaic polymers. Our findings underscore the importance of conjugate backbone modulation in controlling aggregation behavior and film formation kinetics, providing valuable insights for the design of high‐performance polymer donors in organic photovoltaics.
‘Like a rabbit in the headlights’: A psychoanalytically oriented exploration of performance anxiety in professional musicians
Authors: Miley Angelina , O’Connor John , Ní Longphuirt Eithne 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPerformance anxiety is a significant professional problem among musicians. A psychoanalytically oriented qualitative research design was employed to explore the psychological realities of six professional musicians from various genres, including classical, folk, jazz, and crossover music. Each participant took part in three unstructured hour‐long interviews. Analysis focused on the integration of conscious and unconscious elements in order to provide some insight into participants' internal worlds. Three interrelated themes emerged from the data: 1. ‘The masquerade’, conveying the idea of a covering up of the visible signs of anxiety, and a simulation of confidence on stage; 2. ‘The lair of the beast’, describing the backdrop of the music industry, experienced as a threatening underworld; and 3. ‘The ghost’, reflecting a sense of the overhang of anxiety from earlier generations. Emergent themes were linked to psychoanalytic concepts, including Winnicott's concept of a false self and Freud's discussion of the uncanny. The multifaceted nature of performance anxiety, as evidenced in the material brought by participants in this study, is explored within the discussion. Directions for further research and clinical implications in relation to the culture of the music industry and working with performance anxiety in a psychotherapeutic context, are also outlined.
An Invasive Predator Substantially Alters Energy Flux Without Changing Food Web Functional State or Stability
Authors: Glassic Hayley C. , Junker James R. , Guy Christopher S. , Tronstad Lusha M. , Briggs Michelle A. , Albertson Lindsey K. , Lujan Dominique R. , Brenden Travis O. , Walsworth Timothy E. , Koel Todd M. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTUnderstanding how invasive species affect the stability and function of ecosystems is critical for conservation. Here, we quantified the effect of an actively suppressed invasive species on the Yellowstone Lake ecosystem using a food web energetics approach. We compared energy flux, functional state, and stability of four food web states: a pre‐invasion network and three post‐invasion networks undergoing active invasive species suppression, namely, initial invasion, expansion, and decline. Invasion caused ≥ 25% change (±) in energy flux for most consumers, and total flux increased twofold post‐invasion. Flux to the species of conservation concern, Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus virginalis bouvieri), was 2.8 times less post‐invasion versus pre‐invasion, whereas invasive lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) flux was up to 17.3 times higher compared to the initial invasion network. The dominant functional state and food web stability did not change post‐invasion, likely due to introduction of a generalist predator and the stabilizing effect of suppression. Lake trout invasion in Yellowstone Lake caused large changes to energy flux, shifting dominant fluxes away from the species of conservation concern, despite not changing functional state or stability. We demonstrate that changes in energy flux may signal invasions in ecosystems, but functional state or stability may not necessarily reflect the magnitude of invasion influences. For invaded fish communities, a better understanding of how the invasive species control the food web beyond just the direct influence on prey can be achieved by investigating energy flux, functional state, and food web stability. Furthermore, evaluating the effect of suppression beyond the invasive species can demonstrate the far‐reaching value of suppression management actions for conservation.
Synthesis of N/O Atoms Co‐Doped Biochar with 3D Porous Structure for Effective Electromagnetic Wave Absorption
Authors: Yang Zheng , Zhang Mengjie , Wang Shipeng , Lu Yuqing , Yu Boyue , Liu Nian , Gao Xinrui , Wang Qingwen , Yang Wei , Li Qianqian , Wang Jing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDeveloping biochar with large specific surface area (SSA), heteroatom doping, and porous structure is attracting substantial attention to absorb electromagnetic wave (EMW) in recent. Herein, a novel method of ethanol and KOH co‐treatment is used to produce the biomass carbon deriving from pitaya peels. The obtained carbon possesses the high SSA of 1580 m2/g, successful N/O atoms co‐doping, and massive pores with different size. The results of EMW absorption measurement show that the prepared biochar could achieve over 99 % absorpition to EMW, which the highest reflection loss is of ca. −45.25 dB at 7.54 GHz with an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of ca. 4.87 GHz. The execellent microwave absorption property is caused by the surface defects, dipole and interface polarizations of the synthesized biochar owning unique microstructure and N/O atoms co‐doping. Hence, this avenue provides a new reference for fabricating low‐cost and eco‐friendly biochar as a microwave absorber.
Equivalence Framing and the Construction of Advocacy Messages
Authors: Liu Jiawei , McLeod Douglas M. , Lu Linqi 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAlternative messages that present logically equivalent information, often referred to as equivalence frames, have been shown to influence readers' opinions on public issues. While equivalence framing has been studied in the context of issue advocacy, exhibiting pervasive effects across domains of decision‐making, little attention has been paid to whether the general public is able to choose these equivalence frames based on the goal of persuasion. Given that framing effects have important implications on democratic decision‐making, this paper reports on experiments that manipulate the strategic goal of policy advocacy (i.e., supporting alternative policy proposals) and ask respondents to select between equivalence frames to enhance the persuasive power of the advocacy toward the specified goal. Findings across three issue topics suggest that for the general adult population, only a small proportion of people were able to select equivalence frames based on the goal of persuasion with most people failing to do so. Also, a follow‐up study with a university student sample showed that familiarity with one equivalence frame over the other was a more consistent predictor of equivalence frame use than the goal of advocacy in communicating policy issues.
Association of obesity indicators with cognitive function among US adults aged 60 years and older: Results from NHANES
Authors: Chen Leian , Hou Ying , Sun Yu , Peng Dantao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundMidlife obesity is a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, but the effects of obesity on cognitive function, either detrimental or beneficial, are controversial among older individuals. This study aims to assess this associations of body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC) with cognitive function among United States older individuals.MethodsA cross‐sectional research study was conducted utilizing data from the 2011 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Initially, the study compared differences in cognitive function among the normal weight, overweight, and obese groups. Subsequently, we examined the relationships between BMI or WC and cognitive function using multivariate linear regression. Finally, structural equation models were constructed to assess the relationships among body shape, lifestyle, and cognitive function pathways.ResultsThe study included 2254 individuals. Obese subjects had lower scores in the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) word list learning tasks (CERAD‐WL) (χ2 = 7.804, p = .020) and digit symbol substitution test (χ2 = 8.869, p = .012). The regression analysis showed that WC was negatively connected with the CERAD‐WL score after adjusting for confounding factors (β = −.029, p = .045). Moreover, WC had a mediating effect on the path from lifestyle to cognition (CERAD‐WL). However, there was no difference in the CERAD delayed recall score and the animal fluency test between the obese and the other groups.ConclusionsObese older adults exhibited impaired cognitive abilities in terms of learning and working memory performance. The impact of lifestyle on cognition was mediated by obesity‐related anthropometric indices. Sleep, physical activity, and diet influenced the degree of obesity, which subsequently determined cognitive function. Prioritizing weight management in elderly people is crucial for safeguarding cognitive function.
Association between geriatric nutritional risk index and cognitive function in older adults with/without chronic kidney disease
Authors: Wang Shan , Zhang Jiajia , Zhuang Jiaru , Wang Yuan , Xu Dewu , Wu Yibo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundCognitive impairment is highly prevalent among patients with chronic kidney disease, who face an increased risk of cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and cognitive function in older individuals, both with and without chronic kidney disease (CKD).MethodsIn this study, we analyzed data from 2728 participants in the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Cognitive function was measured using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for the Alzheimer's Disease Word Learning subtest (CERAD W‐L), the animal fluency test (AFT), the digit symbol substitution test (DSST), and the global cognitive z‐score. The GNRI, representing whole‐body nutritional status, was calculated based on serum albumin, body weight, and ideal body weight. We employed weighted multiple linear regression analyses and subgroup analyses to assess the independent association of GNRI with cognitive function in CKD and non‐CKD populations. Smoothing techniques were used to fit curves, and interaction tests were used to assess the robustness and specificity of the findings.ResultsOur analyses revealed a significant positive association between higher GNRI levels and cognitive function in the older US population (for global z‐score: β = 0.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.00, 0.01). This association remained consistent across various subgroup analyses, including those for different gender groups, age groups, smoking statuses, diabetes statuses, hypertension statuses, individuals with a BMI below 25, individuals who consumed alcohol, and non‐Hispanic white individuals. Smoothed curve‐fitting analyses indicated that the GNRI was linearly related to cognitive function. No statistically significant interactions were detected among these variables.ConclusionOur findings emphasize the positive association between GNRI and cognitive health in individuals with or without CKD, especially when combined with other risk factors. Consequently, enhancing the nutritional status of the elderly may serve as a viable strategy to thwart the onset of cognitive decline.
Inpatient psychotherapy for complex personality pathology: The long‐term development of symptoms, well‐being and schema modes
Authors: Pietersen Roel M. , Timmerman Karin , Westerhof Gerben J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractProblemInpatient psychotherapy can offer positive treatment outcomes for people with complex personality pathology who do not benefit from outpatient treatment. Little is known about how the development of schema modes during treatment relates to long‐term development of symptoms, well‐being and schema modes.MethodThis study employed a naturalistic, exploratory, within‐subject design with long‐term follow‐up (LFU) measurement 2–8 years after discharge. Course and correlation of symptoms, well‐being and schema modes were examined through multilevel analyses.ResultsBest scores on symptoms, well‐being and schema modes were at LFU. The higher the baseline level and the greater the results achieved on schema modes during treatment, the more positive the course of symptoms and well‐being becomes during treatment and in the long term.ConclusionThis study shows that results achieved on symptoms, well‐being and schema modes during inpatient psychotherapy treatment persist and even continue to improve two to eight years after treatment.
Phenolic Acids Derivatives from Meehania Fargesii with Anti‐inflammation Effects
Authors: Liu Xingpeng , Zhu Jialiang , Zeng Jun , Qiao Mingming , Wang Hanchuan , Shen Mingyi , Meng Dali 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUtilizing systematic plant chemistry separation techniques, two previously unreported phenolic acids (1–2) and eighteen (3–20) phenolic acids were isolated from 70 % ethanol extract of Meehania fargesii var. radicans (Vaniot) C.Y.Wu. The structures of the unreported compounds were determined using spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR, ECD, and HR‐ESI‐MS. The activity of all isolated phenolic acids was evaluated for their ability to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 cells activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Among the isolated compounds, compounds 1 and 19 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against NO production in RAW264.7 cells, with higher concentrations being more active than the indomethacin, without displaying cytotoxicity. This study provides a basis for the application and development of M. fargesii and the discovery of natural anti‐inflammatory drugs.
Unveiling the uncommon: Gas‐containing renal stones—A unique case study
Authors: Zeinalkhani Fahimeh , Kamali Hakim Peyman , Movahedi Mahdiyeh , Zare Bozorgabadi Fatemeh , Movahedi Maryam 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessageGas‐containing renal stones are a rare condition. There is an association between renal stones containing gas, urinary tract infection, and renal fusion anomalies, so it is essential to know the radiographic features for prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Regulating Li electrodeposition by constructing Cu–Sn nanotube thin layer for reliable and robust anode‐free all‐solid‐state batteries
Authors: Kim Jaeik , Lee Seungwoo , Kim Jeongheon , Park Joonhyeok , Lee Hyungjun , Kwon Jiseok , Sun Seho , Choi Junghyun , Paik Ungyu , Song Taeseup 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAnode‐free all‐solid‐state batteries (AF‐ASSBs) have received significant attention as a next‐generation battery system due to their high energy density and safety. However, this system still faces challenges, such as poor Coulombic efficiency and short‐circuiting caused by Li dendrite growth. In this study, the AF‐ASSBs are demonstrated with reliable and robust electrochemical properties by employing Cu–Sn nanotube (NT) thin layer (~1 µm) on the Cu current collector for regulating Li electrodeposition. LixSn phases with high Li‐ion diffusivity in the lithiated Cu–Sn NT layer enable facile Li diffusion along with its one‐dimensional hollow geometry. The unique structure, in which Li electrodeposition takes place between the Cu–Sn NT layer and the current collector by the Coble creep mechanism, improves cell durability by preventing solid electrolyte (SE) decomposition and Li dendrite growth. Furthermore, the large surface area of the Cu–Sn NT layer ensures close contact with the SE layer, leading to a reduced lithiation overpotential compared to that of a flat Cu–Sn layer. The Cu–Sn NT layer also maintains its structural integrity owing to its high mechanical properties and porous nature, which could further alleviate the mechanical stress. The LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM)|SE|Cu–Sn NT@Cu cell with a practical capacity of 2.9 mAh cm−2 exhibits 83.8% cycle retention after 150 cycles and an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.85% at room temperature. It also demonstrates a critical current density 4.5 times higher compared to the NCM|SE|Cu cell.
Composite electrolytes and interface designs for progressive solid‐state sodium batteries
Authors: Hou Junyu , Zhu Tianke , Wang Gang , Cheacharoen Rongrong , Sun Wu , Lei Xingyu , Yuan Qunyao , Sun Dalin , Zhao Jie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSolid‐state sodium batteries (SSSBs) are poised to replace lithium‐ion batteries as viable alternatives for energy storage systems owing to their high safety and reliability, abundance of raw material, and low costs. However, as the core constituent of SSSBs, solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) with low ionic conductivities at room temperature (RT) and unstable interfaces with electrodes hinder the development of SSSBs. Recently, composite SSEs (CSSEs), which inherit the desirable properties of two phases, high RT ionic conductivity, and high interfacial stability, have emerged as viable alternatives; however, their governing mechanism remains unclear. In this review, we summarize the recent research progress of CSSEs, classified into inorganic–inorganic, polymer–polymer, and inorganic–polymer types, and discuss their structure–property relationship in detail. Moreover, the CSSE–electrode interface issues and effective strategies to promote intimate and stable interfaces are summarized. Finally, the trends in the design of CSSEs and CSSE–electrode interfaces are presented, along with the future development prospects of high‐performance SSSBs.