bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neue Queensferry Brücke in Schottland
Authors: Romberg Martin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDie neue Queensferry Brücke in Schottland in der Nähe von Edinburgh ist eine insgesamt 2 640 m lange Schrägkabelbrücke mit drei bis zu 210 m hohen Pylonen. Die beiden seilüberspannten Haupttragweiten sind 650 m, die beiden Seitenfelder 223 m und die Spannweiten der Vorlandbrücken sind bis zu 104 m lang. Die zwei Seilebenen sind mittig zwischen den beiden Fahrbahnen angeordnet und überlappen sich in der Mitte der Hauptöffnungen. Diese Besonderheit ist notwendig, um den Verbundüberbau und insbesondere den mittleren Pylon zu stabilisieren. Sowohl die Planung mit den damit verbundenen Nachweisen der außergewöhnlichen Bauzustände, wie z. B. dem mit zwei 322 m langen Kragarmen frei stehenden mittleren Pylon, als auch die Montage bei zum Teil äußerst widrigen Wetterbedingungen verlangten den beteiligten Ingenieuren und Arbeitern einiges ab. Aber nicht nur die Dimensionen und die Komplexität des Bauwerks machen diese Brücke auch für erfahrene Brückenbauer zu einer Besonderheit, sondern auch die Nähe zu den beiden bestehenden Brücken über den Firth of Forth. Dies sind zum einen die im Jahre 1890 eröffnete Forth Rail Bridge, die im Sommer 2015 in die UNESCO‐Weltkultur erbeliste aufgenommen wurde, als auch die Forth Road Bridge, eine im Jahre 1964 eröffnete Hängebrücke. Die drei Brücken aus drei verschiedenen Jahrhunderten werden nach Fertigstellung der Schrägseilbrücke eine einmalige Brückenkollektion bilden. Die Veröffentlichung fasst die Herausforderungen bei der Planung und Montage dieser einzigartigen Brücke zusammen. Einige Teile des Beitrags sind [4] entnommen, wo vor allem Aspekte der Bauausführung vertieft werden.
Picoliter‐volume inkjet printing into planar microdevice reservoirs for low‐waste, high‐capacity drug loading
Authors: Fox Cade B. , Nemeth Cameron L. , Chevalier Rachel W. , Cantlon Joshua , Bogdanoff Derek B. , Hsiao Jeff C. , Desai Tejal A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractOral delivery of therapeutics is the preferred route for systemic drug administration due to ease of access and improved patient compliance. However, many therapeutics suffer from low oral bioavailability due to low pH and enzymatic conditions, poor cellular permeability, and low residence time. Microfabrication techniques have been used to create planar, asymmetric microdevices for oral drug delivery to address these limitations. The geometry of these microdevices facilitates prolonged drug exposure with unidirectional release of drug toward gastrointestinal epithelium. While these devices have significantly enhanced drug permeability in vitro and in vivo, loading drug into the micron‐scale reservoirs of the devices in a low‐waste, high‐capacity manner remains challenging. Here, we use picoliter‐volume inkjet printing to load topotecan and insulin into planar microdevices efficiently. Following a simple surface functionalization step, drug solution can be spotted into the microdevice reservoir. We show that relatively high capacities of both topotecan and insulin can be loaded into microdevices in a rapid, automated process with little to no drug waste.
Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane‐Catalyzed Reaction of Phosphorus/Boron and Nitrogen/Boron Frustrated Lewis Pair Dihydrogen Activation Products with Alkenes and Alkynes
Authors: Wang Tongdao , Jentgens Xenia , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Kehr Gerald , Erker Gerhard 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe N/B frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) dihydrogen splitting product 10 undergoes a facile B(C6F5)3‐catalyzed regioselective trans‐1,2‐hydridoborate addition reaction to phenylacetylene to give the cis‐styryl‐containing ammonium/borate zwitterion 12. The B(C6F5)3‐catalyzed reaction of 10 with 1‐phenylpropyne proceeded analogously to give 13. The respective [B]/H− addition to styrene gave the corresponding [B]−CH2CH2Ph‐containing product 14 under mild conditions. We obtained evidence that the reaction is initiated by hydride migration between the two B centers involved and is then continued by hydride addition to the borane activated alkyne or alkene, respectively. The H2‐splitting product 4 derived from the ethylene‐bridged P/B FLP 3 reacted analogously with these alkynes and also with styrene under B(C6F5)3 catalysis to yield the respective alkenyl‐ or alkyl borate products. The new addition products were characterized by using XRD.
Site‐Selective Oxidative C4 Alkenylation of (NH)‐Pyrroles Bearing an Electron‐Withdrawing C2 Group
Authors: Laha Joydev K. , Bhimpuria Rohan A. , Mule Gajanan B. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA regioselective method for the oxidative C−H alkenylation of free (NH)‐pyrroles with various activated and unactivated alkenes to afford 4‐alkenylated (NH)‐pyrroles in good to excellent yields was explored. The key features that distinguish this method from those reported in the current literature include: 1)  The first report of the oxidative C4 alkenylation of (NH)‐pyrroles, 2) utilization of neutral conditions, 3) C2‐substituent‐controlled oxidative C4 alkenylation irrespective of the nature of the free (NH)‐pyrroles or N‐protected pyrroles used, 4) scope of using both electron‐deficient mono‐ and disubstituted alkenes and styrenes, and 5) synthesis of novel, enantiomerically pure 4‐alkenyl‐α‐methyl‐N‐benzylpyrroles bearing a stereocenter. An important application of this process to the synthesis of indoles through tandem C4/C5 double alkenylation followed by electrothermal cyclization was also examined.
Hollow Hierarchical Carbon Spheres Decorated with Ultrathin Molybdenum Disulfide Nanosheets as High‐Capacity Electrode Materials for Asymmetric Supercapacitors
Authors: Lin Tsung‐Wu , Hsiao Min‐Chien , Wang Ai‐Yin , Lin Jeng‐Yu 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA hierarchically structured nanocomposite consisting of ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets densely dispersed on the surface of hollow carbon spheres (MoS2@HCS) is prepared through a glucose‐assisted, one‐pot synthesis. When evaluated as the cathode material for supercapacitors, MoS2@HCS exhibits pseudocapacitive behavior in a KOH electrolyte. More importantly, the capacitive performance of MoS2@HCS can be further boosted by activating the composite electrode in a KOH solution. The activation process partially removes the carbonaceous materials covering the MoS2 surface, which leads to more exposure of active electrode materials to the electrolyte. Activated MoS2@HCS exhibits a high specific capacitance value of 458 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, which is approximately 2.5 times higher than that of the MoS2 electrode. Furthermore, MoS2@HCS exhibits remarkable cycling stability, with a capacitance retention of about 86% over 1000 cycles at 8 A g−1. To further demonstrate the practical applications of composite electrode, an asymmetric supercapacitor device (ASC) is fabricated by using activated MoS2@HCS and reduced graphene oxide as the positive and the negative electrodes, respectively. The fabricated device delivers a maximum energy density of 13.7 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 616 W kg−1. Even at a high power density of 4.9 kW kg−1, the ASC device can still retain 80% of the maximum energy density.
AuI Iminophosphorane Complexes as Efficient Catalysts for the Cycloisomerization of Alkynyl Amides under Air, at Room Temperature, and in Aqueous or Eutectic‐Mixture Solutions
Authors: Rodríguez‐Álvarez María J. , Vidal Cristian , Schumacher Sören , Borge Javier , García‐Álvarez Joaquín 
Published: January 2017

AbstractNew iminophosphorane‐phosphine AuI complexes [AuCl(κ1‐P‐Ph2PCH2P{=NP(=S)(OR)2}Ph2)] (3 a,b) and [Au2Cl2(μ2‐P,S‐Ph2PCH2P{=NP(=S)(OR)2}Ph2)] (4 a,b) proved to be general, very efficient, and recyclable (up to four consecutive runs) catalysts for the cycloisomerization of alkynyl amides in water or choline chloride‐based eutectic mixtures as green solvents. Remarkably, this cycloisomerization reaction took place under mild conditions (low catalyst loading, at room temperature, and in the absence of cocatalysts or protecting atmosphere) to give the corresponding alkylidene lactams by employing an efficient and sustainable methodology.
A Concise Synthesis of Presilphiperfolane Core through a Tandem TMTU–Co‐Catalyzed Pauson–Khand Reaction and a 6π Electrocyclization Reaction (TMTU=Tetramethyl Thiourea)
Authors: Zhang Zichun , Li Yuanhe , Zhao Dandan , He Yingdong , Gong Jianxian , Yang Zhen 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe synthesis of strained polycyclic systems from readily available precursors with a minimum number of steps and with regio‐ and stereochemical control constitutes an important synthetic challenge. Herein, we report a tandem reaction comprising Co–TMTU (tetramethyl thiourea)‐catalyzed Pauson–Khand (PK) and 6π‐electrocyclization reactions for the formation of the highly strained core of presilphiperfolanols. The developed chemistry has been applied to the total syntheses of 4‐epi‐presilphiperfolan‐8‐ol and 7‐epi‐presilphiperfolan‐1‐ol.
Proton‐Coupled Electron‐Transfer Processes in Ultrafast Time Domain: Evidence for Effects of Hydrogen‐Bond Stabilization on Photoinduced Electron Transfer
Authors: Dey Ananta , Dana Jayanta , Aute Sunil , Maity Partha , Das Amitava , Ghosh Hirendra N. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe proton‐coupled electron‐transfer (PCET) reaction is investigated for a newly synthesized imidazole‐anthraquinone biomimetic model with a photoactive RuII‐polypyridyl moiety that is covalently coupled to the imidazole fragment. Intramolecular H‐bonding interactions between imidazole and anthraquinone moieties favor the PCET process; this can be correlated to an appreciable positive shift in the one‐electron reduction potential of the coordinated anthraquinone moiety functionalized with the imidazole fragment. This can also be attributed to the low luminescence quantum yield of the RuII‐polypyridyl complex used. The dynamics of the intramolecular electron‐transfer (ET) and PCET processes are studied by using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. The steady‐state spectroscopic studies and the results of the time‐resolved absorption studies confirm that H‐bonded water molecules play a major role in both ET and PCET dynamics as a proton relay in the excited state. The electron‐transfer process is followed by a change in the H‐bonding equilibrium between AQ and imidazole in acetonitrile solvent, and protonation of AQ.− by water leads to PCET in the presence of water. A slower forward and backward electron‐transfer rate is observed in the presence of D2O compared with that in H2O. These results provide further experimental support for a detailed understanding of the PCET process.
Preparation of a Salecan/poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanosulfonic acid‐co‐[2‐(methacryloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride) Semi‐IPN Hydrogel for Drug Delivery
Authors: Qi Xiaoliang , Li Junjian , Wei Wei , Su Ting , Zuo Gancheng , Pan Xihao , Zhang Jianfa , Dong Wei 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSalecan is a water‐soluble bacterial polysaccharide consisting of glucopyranosyl units linked by α‐1,3 and β‐1,3 glycosidic bonds. salecan is suitable for the development of hydrogels for biomedical applications, given its outstanding physicochemical and biological profiles. In this study we designed a new semi‐interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel that introduces the salecan polysaccharide into a stimuli‐responsive poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanosulfonic acid‐co‐[2‐(methacryloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride) (PAM) hydrogel matrix for controlled insulin release. We found that salecan not only tunes the structure and pore size of the PAM hydrogels, but also endows them with adjustable water release rates. More importantly, in vitro drug loading/release assays demonstrated that insulin is efficiently loaded into the resulting hydrogels and can be released in an on‐demand manner by controlling the pH and salecan dose. Furthermore, cell viability and cell adhesion experiments verified the cell compatibility of these hydrogel carriers. Together, these results make salecan‐incorporated PAM hydrogels promising materials for drug delivery.
On the Shape of Compact Hypersurfaces with Almost‐Constant Mean Curvature
Authors: Ciraolo Giulio , Maggi Francesco 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe distance of an almost‐constant mean curvature boundary from a finite family of disjoint tangent balls with equal radii is quantitatively controlled in terms of the oscillation of the scalar mean curvature. This result allows one to quantitatively describe the geometry of volume‐constrained stationary sets in capillarity problems.© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimal scheduling workflows in cloud computing environment using Pareto‐based Grey Wolf Optimizer
Authors: Khalili Azade , Babamir Seyed Morteza 
Published: January 2017

SummaryA workflow consists of dependent tasks, and scheduling of a workflow in a cloud environment means the arrangement of tasks of the workflow on virtual machines (VMs) of the cloud. By increasing VMs and the diversity of task size, we have a huge number of such arrangements. Finding an arrangement with minimum completion time among all of the arrangements is an Non‐Polynomial‐hard problem. Moreover, the problem becomes more complex when a scheduling should consider a couple of conflicting objectives. Therefore, the heuristic algorithms have been paid attention to figure out an optimal scheduling. This means that although the single‐objective optimization, ie, minimizing completion time, proposes the workflow scheduling as an NP‐complete problem, multiobjective optimization for the scheduling problem is confronted with a more permutation space because an optimal trade‐off between the conflicting objectives is needed. To this end, we extended a recent heuristic algorithm called Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) and considered dependency graph of workflow tasks. Our experiment was carried out using the WorkflowSim simulator, and the results were compared with those of 2 other heuristic task scheduling algorithms.
Bioinspired Rose‐Petal‐Like Substrates Generated by Electropolymerization on Micropatterned Gold Substrates
Authors: Darmanin Thierry , Bombera Radoslaw , Colpo Pascal , Valsesia Andrea , Laugier Jean‐Pierre , Rossi François , Guittard Frédéric 
Published: January 2017

AbstractInvited for this month's cover are the collaborating groups of Dr. Thierry Darmanin at Université Côte d'Azur, France and Dr. François Rossi at JRC European Commission, Italy. The cover picture shows a novel strategy for preparing substrates having a rose‐petal effect (high water adhesion). The micropatterning specifications (pillar diameter and pitch) and the electropolymerization parameters are key to obtaining both high water apparent contact angles and a high hysteresis. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.201600387.
Coupling Reactions of Carbon Dioxide with Epoxides Catalyzed by Vanadium Aminophenolate Complexes
Authors: Elkurtehi Ali I. , Kerton Francesca M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA series of vanadium compounds supported by tetradentate aminobis(phenolate) ligands were screened for catalytic reactivity in the reaction of propylene oxide (PO) with CO2: [VO(OMe)(O2NOBuMeMeth)], [VO(OMe)(ON2OBuMe)], [VO(OMe)(O2NNBuBuPy)], and [VO(OMe)(O2NOBuBuFurf)]. They showed similar reactivities, but reaction rates were higher for [VO(OMe)(ON2OBuMe)], which was studied in more detail. Turnover frequencies for conversion of PO over 500 h−1 were observed. Activation energies were determined experimentally through in situ IR spectroscopy for propylene carbonate (48.2 kJ mol−1), styrene carbonate (45.6 kJ mol−1), and cyclohexene carbonate (54.7 kJ mol−1) formation.
Synthesis of Cobalt Phosphide Nanoparticles Supported on Pristine Graphene by Dynamically Self‐Assembled Graphene Quantum Dots for Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Yuan Weiyong , Yu Yanan , Li Chang Ming 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA highly active, durable, and low‐cost hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst is desirable for energy storage through water splitting but its fabrication presents great challenges. Herein, mediated by dynamically self‐assembled graphene quantum dots (GQDs), small, uniform, high‐density, and well‐dispersed CoP nanoparticles were grown in situ on pristine graphene for the first time. This hybrid nanostructure was then employed as HER electrocatalyst, showing an onset potential of 7 mV, an overpotential of 91.3 mV to achieve 10 mA cm−2, a Tafel slope of 42.6 mV dec−1, and an exchange current density of 0.1225 mA cm−2, all of which compare favorably to those of most reported non‐noble‐metal catalysts. The developed catalyst also exhibits excellent durability with negligible current loss after 2000 cyclic voltammetry cycles (+0.01 to −0.17 V vs. RHE) or 34 h of chronoamperometric measurement at an overpotential of 91.3 mV. This work not only develops a new strategy for the fabrication of high‐performance and inexpensive electrocatalysts for HER but also provides scientific insight into the mechanism of the dynamically self‐assembled GQDsmediated synthesis process.
NHC‐Ag/Pd‐Catalyzed Reductive Carboxylation of Terminal Alkynes with CO2 and H2: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study for Fine‐Tuned Selectivity
Authors: Yu Dingyi , Zhou Feng , Lim Diane S. W. , Su Haibin , Zhang Yugen 
Published: January 2017

AbstractReductive carboxylation of terminal alkynes utilizing CO2 and H2 as reactants is an interesting and challenging transformation. Theoretical calculations indicated it would be kinetically possible to obtain cinnamic acid, the reductive carboxylation product, from phenylacetylene in a CO2/H2 system with an N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐supported Ag/Pd bimetallic catalysts through competitive carboxylation/hydrogenation cascade reactions in one step. These calculations were verified experimentally with a poly‐NHC‐supported Ag/Pd catalyst. By tuning the catalyst composition and reaction temperature, phenylacetylene was selectively converted to cinnamic acid, hydrocinnamic acid, or phenylpropiolic acid in excellent yields.
High‐efficiency transformerless buck–boost DC–DC converter
Authors: Banaei Mohamad Reza , Ajdar Faeghi Bonab Hossein 
Published: January 2017

SummaryA novel high‐efficiency transformerless buck–boost DC–DC converter is proposed in this paper. The presented converter voltage gain is higher than that of the conventional boost, buck–boost, CUK, SEPIC and ZETA converters, and high voltage gain can be obtained with a suitable duty cycle. The voltage stress across the power switch is low. Hence, the low on‐state resistance of the power switch can be selected to decrease conduction loss of the switch and improve efficiency. The input current ripple in the presented converter is low. The principle of operation and the mathematical analyses of the proposed converter are explained. The validity of the presented converter is verified by the simulation results in PSCAD/EMTDC software and experimental results based on the prototype circuit with 250 W and 40 kHz. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Activated Platelet‐Derived and Leukocyte‐Derived Circulating Microparticles and the Risk of Thrombosis in Heparin‐Induced Thrombocytopenia: A Role for PF4‐Bearing Microparticles?
Authors: Campello Elena , Radu Claudia M. , Duner Elena , Lombardi Anna M. , Spiezia Luca , Bendo Raffaele , Ferrari Silvia , Simioni Paolo , Fabris Fabrizio 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundThough the presence of platelets‐derived microparticles (MPs) have previously been described in heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), the mechanism of thrombosis in HIT remains poorly understood. We aimed to assess the presence and origin of MPs in patients with HIT and their possible contribution to HIT with thrombosis (HITT).MethodsForty‐five patients with HIT and 45 matched hospitalized patients with not confirmed HIT (HIT‐negative) were enrolled. Twelve HIT patients (27%) developed HITT. MPs expressing phosphatidylserine (Annexin V‐MP), activated platelet‐derived (P‐Selectin+), activated leukocyte‐derived (L‐Selectin+), PF4‐bearing and tissue factor‐bearing (TF+) MPs were measured by flow‐cytometry.ResultsHIT patients showed significantly higher median levels of P‐Selectin+, L‐Selectin+, PF4‐bearing, L‐Selectin+/TF + MPs than HIT‐negative; PF4‐bearing MP showed the highest statistical difference. As compared to HIT patients, HITT patients showed a trend of higher median levels of all MP subtypes considered but the differences were not statistically significant. Only levels of activated‐leukocyte/TF + MPs (L‐Selectin + CD142+) were significantly higher (P = 0.015). Sensitive analyses showed that HIT patients with activated‐leukocyte/TF + MPs above the cut‐off (52 MP/µL) had an odds ratio (OR) for thrombosis of 3.78 (95%CI, 0.98–14.5, P = 0.045). The combination of activated‐leukocyte/TF + MPs and PF4‐bearing‐MPs above the cut‐off (1416 MP/uL) resulted in a higher risk of HITT (OR 4.49 (95% CI, 1.17–8.05, P = 0.014).ConclusionsWe showed for the first time the presence of circulating PF4‐bearing MPs derived from activated platelets in patients with HIT; activated leukocyte/TF + MPs are associated with an increased thrombotic risk. Our findings confirm that HIT antibodies complexes may determine a TF‐driven prothrombotic state through the activation of platelets and leukocytes. © 2017 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Identifying the moderating effect of trust on the adoption of cloud‐based services
Authors: Rahi Shiromani Balmukund , Bisui Sandip , Misra Subhas Chandra 
Published: January 2017

SummaryCloud computing provides a way to coordinate and share relevant information and data on real‐time basis over an organization. The adoption of cloud services is one of the most emerging technological advances in the practice of current competitive business environment. The research done in this article is based on the analysis of the data obtained from the semiconductor sector. Cloud adoption would most likely be the best answer for them. However, because of various types of complexities, semiconductor industries may have to confront with a few trust issues while receiving cloud services. This article aims to identify the trust factors in the adoption of cloud services in semiconductor industries. Further, the moderating effect of these trust elements related to the technological, organizational, and environmental success factors has been discussed here. On the basis of literature survey, a hypothetical model has been developed, and the relationships among the latent variables have been studied by using structural equations. The study reveals that while trust factors moderate the technology and environment‐related success factors, there is not much moderating effect of the trust issues on the organization‐related success factors in the adoption of cloud services in semiconductor industries.
Cross‐species analysis of the canine and human bladder cancer transcriptome and exome
Authors: Ramsey Stephen A. , Xu Tanjin , Goodall Cheri , Rhodes Adelaide C. , Kashyap Amita , He Jun , Bracha Shay 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe investigated the correspondence between transcriptome and exome alterations in canine bladder cancer and the correspondence between these alterations and cancer‐driving genes and transcriptional alterations in human bladder cancer. We profiled canine bladder tumors using mRNA‐seq and exome‐seq in order to investigate the similarity of transcriptional alterations in bladder cancer, in humans and canines, at the levels of gene functions, pathways, and cytogenetic regions. We found that the transcriptomes of canine and human bladder cancer are remarkably similar at the functional and pathway levels. We demonstrated that canine bladder cancer involves coordinated differential expression of genes within cytogenetic bands, and that these patterns are consistent with those seen in human bladder cancer. We found that genes that are mutated in canine bladder cancer are more likely to be transcriptionally downregulated than non‐mutated genes, in the tumor. Finally we report three novel mutations (FAM133B, RAB3GAP2, and ANKRD52) for canine bladder cancer.