bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mirative fronting in German
Authors: Trotzke Andreas 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This paper presents an examination of syntactic constructions that are associated with the mirative interpretation of marking propositional content as being surprising or unexpected to the speaker. I report experimental evidence showing that certain options of marked word order in German are particularly suitable in mirative contexts. Cross-linguistic evidence offers good reasons to assume that mirative marking is also reflected in word order patterns. Having identified word order variation as one option to trigger mirative interpretations of utterances, I discuss the issue of distinguishing between information-structural and mirative effects of marked syntactic configurations.
Mirativity in Spanish
Authors: Sánchez López Cristina 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis paper analyzes how the semantic category of mirativity is expressed by means of particles in standard Spanish. Specifically, I study the verb-based particlemira‘look’, and argue for considering it as a mirative particle, which marks the sentence it modifies like new and unexpected information. I describe its properties in both declarative and exclamative sentences and propose a syntactic and semantic analysis. Crucially, the study of this particle permits us to look deeper into the relationship between the semantic category of mirativity and the grammatical and illocutionary category of exclamative. Assuming that mirativity and exclamativity are categories of a different nature that should be differentiated, it is shown that they are expected to coincide in some privileged constructions, where the semantic and formal contributions of the mirativemiraand the exclamative construction can be isolated.
Don’t believe in a paradigm that you haven’t manipulated yourself!
Authors: Zeisler Bettina 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA speaker may conceptualise a situation from three different modal ‘perspectives’: epistemic, evidential, and attitudinal. Languages differ in which of these concepts they perspectivise and how a grammaticalised concept may be extended to the other two. ‘Lesser-known’ languages tend to be misrepresented in the typological literature. E.g., the Modern Tibetic languages, including the Ladakhi dialects, are said to have grammaticalised the concept ofevidentiality. However, their ‘evidential’ systems differ from the cross-linguistically acknowledged evidential systems, in thatspeaker attitudeis co-grammaticalised and knowledge based on perception shares properties with knowledge based on inferences. DeLancey therefore claimed that these systems also encodemirativity. The starting point for the development of these typologically rather uncommon ‘evidential’ systems was a lexical marker for non-commitment (oradmirativity): the auxiliaryḥdug.
Opportunities for ecological intensification: lessons and insights from the System of Rice/crop Intensification - their implications for agricultural research and development approaches.
Authors: Stoop W. A. , Sabarmatee Sabarmatee , Pushpalatha Sivasubramanian Pushpalatha Sivasubramanian , Ravindra A. , Debashish Sen Debashish Sen , Prasad S. C. , Thakur A. K. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
A growing and increasingly urbanized global population will raise the pressures to intensify agricultural production systems, as the total surface area of arable lands remains constant or even diminishes in many parts of the world. Mainstream agricultural research and development have been emphasizing a 'green revolution' type intensification largely based on new seeds of crop varieties, while relying on agrochemicals to achieve short-term economic sustainability. During the 1980s the 'System of Rice Intensification (SRI)' was empirically developed in Madagascar. This set of practices was initially and widely rejected by mainstream (rice) research in spite of its often spectacular grain yields as obtained in farmer fields across many Asian and African countries. Some of the practices proved equally relevant for other crops such as wheat maize and sugarcane. SRI's popularity among Indian smallholders, originated from its attractive yields at reduced rates/costs for seeds, water, nutrients and chemicals (fertilizers and pesticides). These features have sparked research into both the agronomic/biological as well as socioeconomic/humanity disciplines. This paper seeks to capitalize on the lessons learned from SRI, also with respect to other crops, and explores additional opportunities for intensification based on ecological processes as supported by insights from (soil) microbiological, biochemical and molecular research. Recent studies suggest that soil organic matter, plant roots, soil biota and biodiversity of plants and (micro-) organisms - rather than agrochemicals - will be the critical elements of environment-friendly and sustainable forms of agriculture. To capitalize on these factors, large reductions in plant densities (>50%) would be required to allow expanded root systems as the basis for increased plant physiological efficiency. The paper elaborates also on the socioeconomic/cultural issues involved in possible transitions as farmer's technical/managerial skills and insights were crucial in the successful introduction and dissemination of SRI practices so far. The article is based on an extensive review of literature complemented by field observations and farmer interviews in different parts of India and West Africa.
Hydrogen gas and its role in cell signalling.
Authors: Wilson H. R. , Veal D. , Whiteman M. , Hancock J. T. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Hydrogen gas (H
2
) was once thought to be inert in biological systems but it has now become apparent that exposure of a wide range of organisms, including animals and plants, to H
2
or hydrogen-rich water has beneficial effects. It is involved in plant development, and alleviation of stress and illness, such as reperfusion injury. Here, an overview of how H
2
interacts with organisms is given.
TarHunter, a tool for predicting conserved microRNA targets and target mimics in plants
Authors: Ma Xuan , Liu Chunyan , Gu Lianfeng , Mo Beixin , Cao Xiaofeng , Chen Xuemei 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Summary
In plants, the targets of deeply conserved microRNAs (miRNAs) were comprehensively studied. Evidence is emerging that targets of less conserved miRNAs, endogenous target mimics (eTM) and non-canonical targets play functional roles. Existing plant miRNA prediction tools lack a cross-species conservation filter and eTM prediction function. We developed a tool named TarHunter that features a strict cross-species conservation filter and capability of predicting eTMs. TarHunter has higher recall or precision rate as compared with other tools, and the conservation filter effectively increases prediction precision. TarHunter prediction combined with degradome analysis uncovered previously neglected miRNA targets including non-canonical target sites from various plant species, which are available at the TarHunter website (http://tarhunter.genetics.ac.cn/).

Availability and implementation
The code of TarHunter is available on Github (https://github.com/XMaBio).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Genuine Smiles by Patients During Marital Interactions are Associated with Better Caregiver Mental Health
Authors: Lwi Sandy J , Casey James J , Verstaen Alice , Connelly Dyan E , Merrilees Jennifer , Levenson Robert W 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Objective
Providing care for a spouse with dementia is associated with an increased risk for poor mental health. To determine whether this vulnerability in caregivers is related to the expression of positive emotion, we examined 57 patients with Alzheimer’s disease and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia and their spouses as they discussed a marital conflict.

Method
Facial behavior during the discussion was objectively coded to identify Duchenne (i.e., genuine) smiles and non-Duchenne (i.e., polite) smiles. Caregiver mental health was measured using the Medical Outcomes Survey.

Results
Greater expression of Duchenne smiles by patients was associated with better caregiver mental health, even when accounting for covariates (i.e., diagnosis, patient cognitive functioning, and caregiver marital satisfaction). Greater expression of non-Duchenne smiles by patients was associated with worse caregiver health, but only when covariates were entered in the model. Expression of Duchenne and non-Duchenne smiles by caregivers was not associated with caregiver mental health.

Discussion
Patients’ expression of Duchenne and non-Duchenne smiles may reveal important aspects of the emotional quality of the patient–caregiver relationship that influence caregiver burden and mental health.
Design and evaluation of an incoherent feed-forward loop for an arsenic biosensor based on standard iGEM parts
Authors: Barone Federico , Dorr Francisco , Marasco Luciano E , Mildiner Sebastián , Patop Inés L , Sosa Santiago , Vattino Lucas G , Vignale Federico A , Altszyler Edgar , Basanta Benjamin , Carlotto Nicolás , Gasulla Javier , Giménez Manuel , Grande Alicia , Nieto Moreno Nicolás , Bonomi Hernán R , Nadra Alejandro D 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe diversity and flexibility of life offers a wide variety of molecules and systems useful for biosensing. A biosensor device should be robust, specific and reliable. Inorganic arsenic is a highly toxic water contaminant with worldwide distribution that poses a threat to public health. With the goal of developing an arsenic biosensor, we designed an incoherent feed-forward loop (I-FFL) genetic circuit to correlate its output pulse with the input signal in a relatively time-independent manner. The system was conceived exclusively based on the available BioBricks in the iGEM Registry of Standard Biological Parts. The expected behavior in silico was achieved; upon arsenic addition, the system generates a short-delayed reporter protein pulse that is dose dependent to the contaminant levels. This work is an example of the power and variety of the iGEM Registry of Standard Biological Parts, which can be reused in different sophisticated system designs like I-FFLs. Besides the scientific results, one of the main impacts of this synthetic biology project is the influence it had on team’s members training and career choices which are summarized at the end of this article.
A systems-based approach to patient care after liver transplantation
Authors: Gillespie Mark , Rizzolo Denise 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
Liver transplantation is a cure to many devastating acute and end-stage liver diseases. In the immediate postoperative period, patients are prone to graft, end-organ, and immunosuppressive complications. This article reviews the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of acute postoperative liver transplant complications.
Small-Scale Sustainable Water Project Decreases Infections, Complements Short-Term Medical Missions
Authors: Johanson Linda , Claypool Carol 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT:Many communities in developing countries do not have access to clean water, which is essential to health. This project involved the installation of clean water filters in two rural Guatemalan villages, a small-scale sustainable community project proposed by a short-term medical mission team and accomplished in partnership with local missionaries. The percentage of infections in adult visitors to medical clinics was assessed pre- and post-installation of filters, and although not statistically significant, decreased.
Diagnostic Challenges in Nocardia Keratitis
Authors: Behaegel Joséphine , Ní Dhubhghaill Sorcha , Koppen Carina 
Published: December 2017

Objective:
To present a case of diagnostic confusion in Nocardia keratitis in a contact lens wearer and to illustrate the characteristic clinical findings of this rare entity.

Methods:
Case report of Nocardia keratitis that was mistaken for acanthamoeba, herpetic, and fungal keratitis in three tertiary corneal referral centers before the correct diagnosis of Nocardia infection was made.

Results:
A 29-year-old contact lens wearer was referred to our hospital for a contact lens–associated bacterial keratitis, not improving under standard bacterial treatment. Biomicroscopy revealed a circular corneal ulcer and pinhead lesions arranged in a wreath pattern. Initial scraping revealed no positive cultures and confocal microscopy findings were suspicious for fungal keratitis. Only after a poor response to protozoal and fungal treatment, and a negative herpes serology, Nocardia was suspected. This suspicion was confirmed with a positive culture and the topical amikacin and ciprofloxacin were started. The infiltrate responded promptly and resolved, leaving a small corneal scar and a good visual recovery.

Conclusion:
Because of its infrequent occurrence and its variable clinical picture, Nocardia keratitis is easily misdiagnosed. Although a rare entity, this infection should be added to the differential diagnosis in contact lens–related keratitis not responding to first-line antibiotics and presenting with patchy anterior stromal infiltrates.
Zika Virus and the Rio Olympic Games
Authors: Hamilton Bruce , Exeter Dan , Beable Sarah , Coleman Lynne , Milne Chris 
Published: December 2017

Objective:
To evaluate the impact of Zika virus on preparation and management of the New Zealand (NZ) Olympic team.

Design:
Descriptive manuscript.

Setting:
New Zealand Olympic Health team preparation and management during the Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games, 2016.

Patients (or Participants):
New Zealand Olympic Team members.

Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors):
This manuscript describes the approaches used by the NZ Olympic Health team to the minimization of risk from Zika virus.

Main Outcome Measures:
Although descriptive of approach forms most of the article, the results of Zika virus serology are presented.

Results:
The NZ Olympic Health team took a proactive approach to risk mitigation, including extensive education, clothing changes, mosquito spray, mosquito nets, and voluntary postexposure testing. No positive serology was observed in those tested.

Conclusions:
The outbreak of Zika virus in Brazil, the associated complication of microcephaly, and the evolving understanding of virus transmission created significant uncertainty for NZ Olympic team members. The proactive approach taken by the health team to the mitigation of risk, combined with the anticipated low risk of arbovirus transmission over the period of the games, resulted in enhanced confidence from team members and no reports of positive serology.
Displaced Clavicle Fractures in Cyclists: Return to Athletic Activity After Anteroinferior Plate Fixation
Authors: van der Ven Denise J. C. , Timmers Tim K. , Broeders Ivo A. M. J. , van Olden Ger D. J. 
Published: December 2017

Background:
One of the most commonly observed injuries in cycling is fracture of the clavicle. Nevertheless, there is limited literature available on clinical outcomes after plate fixation of clavicle fractures in cyclists, rehabilitation protocols, and the time to return to sports.

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional outcome, complications, and return to athletic activity at short-term follow-up after surgical repair.

Study Design:
Case series.

Methods:
Between January 2008 and October 2014, all professional and recreational cyclists presenting with a new clavicle fracture at the emergency department were prospectively recorded. All patients had an anteroinferior plate fixation, variable angle locking compression plate (DePuySynthes). Patients were seen at 2, 6, and 24 weeks at the outpatient clinic to gather Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) and Constant shoulder questionnaires and radiographs were made. Cyclists were allowed to resume outside training 1 week after surgery.

Results:
Ten professional cyclists and 15 recreational cyclists were included. All (25/25) patients returned to cycling after plate fixation. Mean Constant scores and mean DASH scores of 96.8 ± 4.1 and 5.1 ± 5.5 at 6 weeks and 99.1 ± 1.5 and 2.9 ± 4.6 at 24 weeks were measured. There were 3 complications: 1 patient developed a nonunion, there was 1 wound infection requiring antibiotics, and in 1 patient, a refracture occurred.

Conclusion:
Plate fixation for cyclists with displaced clavicle fractures was successful in terms of fast return to previous level of athletic activity. It is a valuable and safe option for athletes in cycling.
Predictors of Resectability and Survival in Patients With Borderline and Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer who Underwent Neoadjuvant Treatment With FOLFIRINOX
Authors: Michelakos Theodoros , Pergolini Ilaria , Castillo Carlos Fernández-del , Honselmann Kim C. , Cai Lei , Deshpande Vikram , Wo Jennifer Y. , Ryan David P. , Allen Jill N. , Blaszkowsky Lawrence S. , Clark Jeffrey W. , Murphy Janet E. , Nipp Ryan D. , Parikh Aparna , Qadan Motaz , Warshaw Andrew L. , Hong Theodore S. , Lillemoe Keith D. , Ferrone Cristina R. 
Published: December 2017

Objective:
The aim of this study was to determine (1) whether preoperative factors can predict resectability of borderline resectable (BR) and locally advanced (LA) pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) after neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX, (2) which patients might benefit from adjuvant therapy, and (3) survival differences between resected BR/LA patients who received neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX and upfront resected patients.

Background:
Patients with BR/LA PDAC are often treated with FOLFIRINOX to obtain a margin-negative resection, yet selection of patients for resection remains challenging.

Methods:
Clinicopathologic data of PDAC patients surgically explored between 04/2011-11/2016 in a single institution were retrospectively collected.

Results:
Following neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX, 141 patients were surgically explored (BR: 49%, LA: 51%) and 110 (78%) were resected. Resected patients had lower preoperative CA 19-9 levels (21 vs 40 U/mL, P = 0.03) and smaller tumors on preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan (2.3 vs 3.0 cm, P = 0.03), but no predictors of resectability were identified. Median overall survival (OS) was 34.2 months from diagnosis for all FOLFIRINOX patients and 37.7 months for resected patients. Among resected patients, preoperative CA 19-9 >100 U/mL and >8 months between diagnosis and surgery predicted a shorter postoperative disease-free survival (DFS); Charlson comorbidity index >1, preoperative CA 19-9 >100 U/mL and tumor size (>3.0 cm on CT or >2.5 cm on pathology) predicted decreased OS. DFS and OS were significantly better for BR/LA PDAC patients treated with neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX compared with upfront resected patients (DFS: 29.1 vs 13.7, P < 0.001; OS: 37.7 vs 25.1 months from diagnosis, P = 0.01).

Conclusion:
BR/LA PDAC patients with no progression on neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX should be offered surgical exploration. Except size, traditional pathological parameters fail to predict survival among resected FOLFIRINOX patients. Resected FOLFIRINOX patients have survival that appears to be superior than that of resectable patients who go directly to surgery.
A delay-deterministic model for inferring fitness effects from time-resolved genome sequence data
Authors: Nené Nuno R. , Dunham Alistair S. , Illingworth Christopher J. R. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTA common challenge arising from the observation of an evolutionary system over time is to infer the magnitude of selection acting upon a specific genetic variant, or variants, within the population. The inference of selection may be confounded by the effects of genetic drift in a system, leading to the development of inference procedures to account for these effects. However, recent work has suggested that deterministic models of evolution may be effective in capturing the effects of selection even under complex models of demography, suggesting the more general application of deterministic approaches to inference. Responding to this literature, we here note a case in which a deterministic model of evolution may give highly misleading inferences, resulting from the non-deterministic properties of mutation in a finite population. We propose an alternative approach which corrects for this error, which we denote the delay-deterministic model. Applying our model to a simple evolutionary system we demonstrate its performance in quantifying the extent of selection acting within that system. We further consider the application of our model to sequence data from an evolutionary experiment. We outline scenarios in which our model may produce improved results for the inference of selection, noting that such situations can be easily identified via the use of a regular deterministic model.
Collective animal navigation and migratory culture: from theoretical models to empirical evidence
Authors: Berdahl Andrew M. , Kao Albert B. , Flack Andrea , Westley Peter A. H , Codling Edward A. , Couzin Iain D. , Dell Anthony I. , Biro Dora 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAnimals often travel in groups, and their navigational decisions can be influenced by social interactions. Both theory and empirical observations suggest that such collective navigation can result in individuals improving their ability to find their way and could be one of the key benefits of sociality for these species. Here we provide an overview of the potential mechanisms underlying collective navigation and review the known, and supposed, empirical evidence for such behaviour, and highlight interesting directions for future research. We further explore how both social and collective learning during group navigation could lead to the accumulation of knowledge at the population level, resulting in the emergence of migratory culture.