bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A small‐gain approach to networked control systems with asynchronous communication
Authors: Geiselhart R. , Borgers D.P. , Heemels W.P.M.H. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe aim of this work is to give a procedure to compute an ISS Lyapunov function (ISS ‐ input‐to‐state stability) for a large‐scale networked control system (NCS) in which sensors, controllers and actuators are connected via multiple communication networks that operate asynchronously, [1]. The main idea is that the NCS is modeled as an interconnection of controlled subsystems and (hybrid) error systems, for which local ISS Lyapunov functions can be derived from the underlying medium access control (MAC) protocol systematically. The application of a small‐gain result leads to the construction of an ISS Lyapunov function for the whole NCS. In particularly, maximally allowable transfer intervals (MATIs) and maximally allowable delays (MADs) for each communication network can be computed that are directly related to the ISS gains and convergence rates. In this respect, tradeoffs between the quality‐of‐control (QoC) of the whole NCS and the quality‐of‐service (QoS) of the communication networks become explicit. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Observer Design based on Constant‐Input Observability for DAEs
Authors: Küsters Ferdinand , Trenn Stephan , Wirsen Andreas 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFor differential‐algebraic equations (DAEs) an observability notion is considered which assumes the input to be unknown and constant. Based on this, an observer design is proposed. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Solving Differential Matrix Equations using Parareal
Authors: Köhler Martin , Lang Norman , Saak Jens 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDifferential matrix equations appear in many applications like optimal control of partial differential equations, balanced truncation model order reduction of linear time varying systems and many more. Here, we will focus on differential Riccati equations (DRE). Solving such matrix‐valued ordinary differential equations (ODE) is a highly time consuming process. We present a Parareal based algorithm applied to Rosenbrock methods for the solution of the matrix‐valued differential Riccati equations. Considering problems of moderate size, direct matrix equation solvers for the solution of the algebraic Lyapunov equations arising inside the time intgration methods are used. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Model order reduction of dynamic skeletal muscle models
Authors: Mordhorst Mylena , Wirtz Daniel , Röhrle Oliver 
Published: October 2016

AbstractForward‐dynamics simulations of three‐dimensional continuum‐mechanical skeletal muscle models are a complex and computationally expensive problem. Considering a fully dynamic modelling framework based on the theory of finite elasticity is challenging as the muscles' mechanical behaviour requires to consider a highly nonlinear, viscoelastic and incompressible material behaviour. The governing equations yield a nonlinear second‐order differential algebraic equation (DAE), which represents a challenge to model order reduction (MOR) techniques. This contribution shows the results of the offline phase that could be obtained so far by applying a combination of the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and the discrete empirical interpolation method (DEIM). (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Higher‐order conformal decomposition finite element method
Authors: Omerović Samir , Fries Thomas‐Peter 
Published: October 2016

AbstractNumerical simulations of structures using higher‐order finite elements is still a challenging task, in particular for domains with curved boundaries. A new higher‐order accurate approach is proposed, combining the advantages of the classical p‐FEM with embedded domain methods. Boundaries and/or interfaces are described implicitly using the level set method. In the elements cut by the zero level set, an automatic decomposition into interface aligned, i. e. conforming sub‐elements is realized. Transfinite mappings are utilized to construct higher‐order sub‐elements by mappings of reference elements to the two sides of the boundary or interface. It is shown that although the resulting sub‐elements are not always well‐shaped, optimal convergence rates are possible. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Sensitivity Analysis of the Design Parameters for the Calibration of Cable‐driven Parallel Robots
Authors: Reicherts Sebastian , Blume Sebastian , Reichert Christopher , Schramm Dr.‐Ing. Dr. h.c. Dieter 
Published: October 2016

AbstractUncertainties in the kinematic parameters like the pulley positions take a major influence onto the force capability of a cable‐driven parallel robot. For that purpose this paper describes a calibration method to estimate exactly the underlying kinematic parameters. As the kinematic is influenced by a variety of different parameter, the calibration can be very complex and time consuming. In this approach, a sensitivity analysis of a cable‐driven parallel robot is presented to simplify and enhance the calibration. The results are discussed and the further steps are introduced. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Time‐adaptive multirate generalized‐structure additively partitioned Runge‐Kutta schemes for mechanical fluid‐structure interaction
Authors: Bremicker‐Trübelhorn Sascha , Ortleb Sigrun 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe extend the multirate GARK approach by Günther and Sandu [1, 2] to the case of non‐constant micro steps per macro step to be able to cover time adaptivity, arriving at our so‐called TAMGARK scheme and derive order conditions for arbitrary non‐constant micro step sizes. The TAMGARK scheme is applied to the classical piston problem [3] to study the interaction between the piston and inviscid fluid flow in one spatial dimension. We demonstrate the functionality of the chosen time‐adaptation strategy and the ability of the overall scheme to preserve the order of the basic schemes. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Bounds on the Non‐real Spectrum of a Singular Indefinite Sturm‐Liouville Operator on ℝ
Authors: Behrndt Jussi , Schmitz Philipp , Trunk Carsten 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA simple explicit bound on the absolute values of the non‐real eigenvalues of a singular indefinite Sturm‐Liouville operator on the real line with the weight function sgn(·) and an integrable, continuous potential q is obtained. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Localic Krull dimension
Authors: Bezhanishvili Guram , Bezhanishvili Nick , Lucero‐Bryan Joel , van Mill Jan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe shall define localic Krull dimension for topological spaces. In particular, a space X has the localic Krull dimension n if n is the greatest number such that X can be mapped, via a continuous and open map, onto the n‐chain seen as an Alexandroff space. We shall discuss the applications of this concept in obtaining topological completeness results in modal logic. We shall also show how the localic Krull dimension is related to the Krull dimension in ring theory. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Complexity of a knot invariant
Authors: Brooke‐Taylor Andrew , Miller Sheila 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe algebraic structures called quandles constitute a complete invariant for tame knots. However, determining when two quandles are isomorphic is an empirically hard problem, so there is some dissatisfaction with quandles as knot invariants. We have confirmed this apparent difficulty, showing within the framework of Borel reducibility that the general isomorphism problem for quandles is as complex as possible. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An Invitation to Infinitary Computability
Authors: Carl Merlin 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn the last two decades, various machine models of computability have been generalized to work in the transfinite. I will give an overview of these models, some of the main results concerning them and some reasons why studying them is of interest outside of foundational considerations. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Simple formulas defining complicated sets
Authors: Lücke Philipp 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe consider the question whether large cardinal axioms imply that certain complicated sets cannot be defined by simple formulas. More precisely, we ask whether the existence of larger large cardinals is compatible with the existence of a well‐ordering of the real numbers that is definable by a Σ1‐formula that uses a single ordinal as a parameter. This note presents results by Ralf Schindler, Philipp Schlicht and the author showing that the existence of a well‐ordering of the reals that is definable by a Σ1‐formula with parameter ω1 is compatible with the existence of a Woodin cardinal and incompatible with the existence of a Woodin cardinal with a measurable cardinal above it. Moreover, a similar result holds for Σ1‐formulas using certain large cardinals as a parameter. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A Moreau‐type Variational Integrator
Authors: Capobianco Giuseppe , R. Eugster Simon 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn this paper we derive a variational integrator for nonsmooth mechanical systems by discretizing the principle of virtual action with finite elements in time. After the discretization with local finite elements, the constitutive laws for the contact forces are introduced as in Moreau's time stepping scheme. This derivation shows exemplary how variational integrators for systems with frictional unilateral constraints can be derived. The long‐time energy behavior of the presented scheme is compared with the behavior of Moreau's stepping scheme on an example system. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The role of applications within the reviewing service zbMATH
Authors: Kühnemund Andreas 
Published: October 2016

AbstractZentralblatt MATH (zbMATH) is the world's most comprehensive and longest‐running abstracting and reviewing service in pure and applied mathematics. The database contains more than 3.6 million bibliographic entries, starting from the 18th century. The presentation during the DMV/GAMM meeting gave a short introduction to the search engine with emphasis on selected fields of applied mathematics. This is a shortened version of the talk without details about the database itself. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Probe the Binding Mode of Aristololactam‐β‐D‐glucoside to Phenylalanine Transfer RNA in Silico
Authors: Xiao Xingqing , Zhao Binwu , Yang Li , Liang Xiaodong , Ren Yingqian 
Published: October 2016

AbstractUnderstanding the interactions of drug molecules with biomacromolecules at a micro‐scale level is essential to design potent drugs for the treatments of human genome diseases. To unravel the mechanism of binding of aristololactam‐β‐D‐glucoside (ADG) and phenylalanine transfer RNA (tRNAPhe), an integrated computational strategy combining quantum mechanics (QM) calculation, molecular docking and atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was present in this work. QM calculations were performed to derive the partial charges of ADG, molecular docking was used to determine the binding poses of ADG on the tRNAPhe, and atomistic MD simulations were conducted to examine the thermal stability of five predicted binding poses for the complex of ADG and the tRNAPhe. The binding free energies of the five complexes were then calculated using the molecular mechanics/generalized born surface area approach with the variable internal dielectric constant model. By comparing computed affinities and experimentally‐measured values in the binding free energy, we identified a most likely binding structure of ADG and the tRNAPhe. Further analysis of energy of the ADG‐tRNA complex revealed that the aristololactam of ADG provides binding specificity to the tRNAPhe, and the D‐glucoce contributes to the affinity for binding with the tRNAPhe.
Insights into Mechanistic and Synergistic Aspects of Novel Synthetic Short Cationic Antibacterial Peptides
Authors: Mittal Sherry , Maurya Indresh K. , Kaur Sarabjit , Swami Anuradha , Jain Rahul , Wangoo Nishima , Sharma Rohit K. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractTwo series of short cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) in which modification of the imidazole ring of histidine by bulkier alkyl substituents was done using regiospecific and radical‐mediated alkylation. The synthesized CAMPs were evaluated for their antibacterial efficacy using different bacterial strains. In particular, CAMP 11 i was found to be most active against L. monocytogenes and other CAMPs such as 10 e and 11 g exhibited moderate activity against S. aureus.The most active compounds were tested against Hek‐293 and HeLa cells with active CAMPs 11 i and 11 g with calculation of selectivity index against the L. monocytogenesand S. aureus, respectively as compared to mammalian cells. The SEM studies were also performed which confirmed the disruption of cell wall of treated bacteria using CAMP 11 i at its MIC concentration. The selectivity of active peptides towards bacterial cells in comparison to mammalian cells was checked using tryptophan quenching studies on small unilamellar vesicles. The results were found to be perfectly in corroboration with the differences between bacterial and mammalian cell membrane composition, thereby, indicating that these peptides kill the bacterial cells via conjugation with the cell membrane. Synergy studies of CAMPs in combination with known clinical antibacterial drugs against L. monocytogenes further displayed enhanced antibacterial efficacy.
Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to CO by a Co‐N‐C Electrocatalyst and PEM Reactor at Ambient Conditions
Authors: Ogihara Hitoshi , Maezuru Tomomi , Ogishima Yuji , Yamanaka Ichiro 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSelective electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO was studied using a new electrocatalyst and a gas‐electrolysis cell utilized a polymer‐electrolyte‐membrane (PEM) reactor. A selective and active electrocatalyst was prepared by partial pyrolysis of electrocatalyst precursor of Co‐4,4′‐dimethyl‐2,2’‐bipyridine (4,4’‐dmbpy) supported on Ketjenblack (KB). A heat‐treatment temperature of the Co‐4,4’‐dmbpy/KB significantly influenced on its electrocatalytic activity and 573∼673 K treatments were suitable for a selective CO2 reduction. A high performance of CO formation (331 μmol h−1 cm−2, 217 TOF(Co) h−1) at 20 mA cm−2 with 72 % faradic efficiency was performed by using the optimized Co‐4,4’‐dmbpy/KB electrocatalyst at –0.75 V (SHE) and 273 K. Electrochemical silent Co species in CV studies promoted electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO.
NH3 Competitive Adsorbed FTIR: A Potential Method to Investigate the Confined Species‐Acidic Sites Interaction in SAPO‐34 Catalyst
Authors: Hu Bing , Wang Dakang , Gao Simeng , Zhang Xiangwen , Mao Guoliang , Wang Baohui , Luo Mingjian 
Published: October 2016

AbstractNH3 competitive adsorbed FTIR method is proposed for investigating the interaction between confined species and acidic sites. Results indicate aromatic cations formed in SAPO‐34 cages. The cations have much higher extinction coefficient than the corresponding aromatics. They cause the new absorbance bands between 1300 and 1700 cm−1. The absorbance bands at 1615 and 1607 cm−1 are related to the vibration of strengthened C=C bonds of aromatic cations. The area of these two bands can be used to quantify the amount of confined species. The band at 1650 cm−1 is a sign of the formation of phenanthrene derivatives and pyrene.
Effectivity and economical aspects for agile quality assurance in large enterprises
Authors: Poth Alexander 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe transition from a classical to an agile software development procedure needs a structured and strategic roll out to realize the expected benefits of the transition phase. Quality assurance as part of the software development has also to be designed to realize its targets of the agile transition for adequate project and program quality assurance. Besides effectivity the economic aspects have to be implemented also in a value‐driven agile product quality assurance. This tension between effectivity and economy will be shown on the example of the Volkswagen group IT. The transition is mapped to the SPI Manifesto to demonstrate the currency in 2009 of the established values and principles for software process improvement.
The detection of spina bifida at 11–13+6 weeks' gestation
Authors: Borg Michael 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPrenatal detection of spina bifida during a 12‐week ultrasound can be a complex diagnosis. Spina bifida is a condition characterised by failure of the neural tube to form during embryological development, and the early manifestations in the head and spine may be detected on ultrasound. A good understanding of the characteristic intracranial ultrasound signs within the first trimester, such as the intracranial translucency, cisterna magna and aqueduct of Sylvius will allow for greater awareness and detection of spina bifida at this gestation. Other markers such as biparietal diameter, transverse abdominal diameter, brain stem to occiput bone and frontomaxillary facial angle have been shown to greatly increase the detection of such a condition. Recent advances in technology such as 3D sonography and transvaginal scanning have greatly increased visualisation and provided greater confidence in detection. At present, there is no formal direction put forward from major ultrasound bodies for the detection, at this gestation; however, bodies such as ISUOG have created awareness. Future developments suggest that the visualisation of the intracranial translucency and aqueduct of Sylvius will become a standard practice while scanning at this gestation.
MOVING FRAMES AND NOETHER’S CONSERVATION LAWS—THE GENERAL CASE
Authors: GONÇALVES TÂNIA M. N. , MANSFIELD ELIZABETH L. 
Published: October 2016

In recent works [Gonçalves and Mansfield, Stud. Appl. Math., 128 (2012), 1–29; Mansfield, A Practical Guide to the Invariant Calculus (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2010)], the authors considered various Lagrangians, which are invariant under a Lie group action, in the case where the independent variables are themselves invariant. Using a moving frame for the Lie group action, they showed how to obtain the invariantized Euler–Lagrange equations and the space of conservation laws in terms of vectors of invariants and the Adjoint representation of a moving frame. In this paper, we show how these calculations extend to the general case where the independent variables may participate in the action. We take for our main expository example the standard linear action of SL(2) on the two independent variables. This choice is motivated by applications to variational fluid problems which conserve potential vorticity. We also give the results for Lagrangians invariant under the standard linear action of SL(3) on the three independent variables.
Effect of the Orientation of Hexagonal Fibers on the Effective Elastic Properties of Unidirectional Composites
Authors: Wang H. , Kang Y.-X. , Liu B. , Qin Q.-H. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractExisting studies reveal that the shape corners of hexagonal fiber affect the degree of constraint on the matrix material. However, none of these studies included the effect of orientation of hexagonal fibers. In this study, a computational micromechanics model of oriented hexagonal fibers in periodic unidirectional composite materials is established for the determination of effective orthotropic elastic properties of the composite. In the present numerical modeling, the representative unit composite cell including the matrix material and the single oriented hexagonal fiber or random oriented hexagonal fibers is solved by micro-scale finite element analysis with different stress loads and periodic displacement boundary conditions, which are applied along the cell boundary to meet the requirement of straight-line constraint during deformation of the cell. Subsequently, the effective elastic properties of the composite are evaluated for periodic regular packing and random packing using the homogenization approach for investigating the influence of unified orientation and random orientation of the hexagonal fibers on the overall elastic properties of the fiber-reinforced composites. The numerical results are verified by comparing with other available results.
Numerical Analysis of the Sulcus Vocalis Disorder on the Function of the Vocal Folds
Authors: Vazifehdoostsaleh A. , Fatouraee N. , Navidbakhsh M. , Izadi F. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSpeaking is a very complex process resulting from the interaction between the air flow along the larynx and the vibrating structure of the vocal folds. Sulcus is a disease missing layers in the vocal folds result in cracks resulting in some disorders in producing sounds. Sulcus and its effects on the vocal cord vibrations are numerically studied for the first time in this paper. An ideal model of healthy vocal folds and Sulcus vocalis has been two-dimensionally defined and the finite element model of vocal folds is solved in a fully coupled form. The proposed calculative model was used in a fluid range of the computational fluid dynamics, arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE), incompressible continuity and Navier-Stokes equations and in a structure range of a three-layer elastic linear model. Self-excited oscillations were presented for vocal folds among type II patients and compared with healthy models. Responses were qualitatively and quantitatively studied. The healthy model was compared with numerical and empirical results. In addition, the effects of the disease on the flow parameters and the vibration frequency of the vocal folds were studied. According to the simulated model, the oscillation frequency decreased 25% and the average and instantaneous volume flux significantly increased compared to healthy samples. Results may help present a guideline for surgery and subsequently evaluate patients’ improvement.
Vitamin E and the risk of pneumonia: using the I2 statistic to quantify heterogeneity within a controlled trial
Authors: Hemilä Harri 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAnalyses in nutritional epidemiology usually assume a uniform effect of a nutrient. Previously, four subgroups of the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study of Finnish male smokers aged 50–69 years were identified in which vitamin E supplementation either significantly increased or decreased the risk of pneumonia. The purpose of this present study was to quantify the level of true heterogeneity in the effect of vitamin E on pneumonia incidence using the I2 statistic. The I2 value estimates the percentage of total variation across studies that is explained by true differences in the treatment effect rather than by chance, with a range from 0 to 100 %. The I2 statistic for the effect of vitamin E supplementation on pneumonia risk for five subgroups of the ATBC population was 89 % (95 % CI 78, 95 %), indicating that essentially all heterogeneity was true variation in vitamin E effect instead of chance variation. The I2 statistic for heterogeneity in vitamin E effects on pneumonia risk was 92 % (95 % CI 80, 97 %) for three other ATBC subgroups defined by smoking level and leisure-time exercise level. Vitamin E decreased pneumonia risk by 69 % among participants who had the least exposure to smoking and exercised during leisure time (7·6 % of the ATBC participants), and vitamin E increased pneumonia risk by 68 % among those who had the highest exposure to smoking and did not exercise (22 % of the ATBC participants). These findings refute there being a uniform effect of vitamin E supplementation on the risk of pneumonia.
Morse Theory and the Lusternik–Schnirelmann Category of Quaternionic Grassmannians
Authors: Macías-Virgós Enrique , Pereira-sáez María José , Tanré Daniel 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe Lusternik–Schnirelmann category of the quaternionic Grassmannianis known to bek(n − k). In this paper we show that this result can be deduced from Morse theory.