bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERS&O (PERsistent Sitagliptin treatment & Outcomes): observational retrospective study on cardiovascular risk evolution in patients with type 2 diabetes on persistent sitagliptin treatment
Authors: Buonaiuto Giulia , De Mori Valentina , Braus Alessandra , Balini Annalisa , Berzi Denise , Carpinteri Rita , Forloni Franco , Meregalli Giancarla , Ronco Gian Luca , Bossi Antonio C 
Published: July 2016

ObjectivesThe UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Risk Engine (RE) provides the best risk estimates available for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), so it was applied to patients on persistent sitagliptin treatment.DesignA ‘real-world’ retrospective, observational, single-center study.SettingThe study was performed in a general hospital in Northern Italy in order: (1) to validate UKPDS RE in a cohort of Italian participants with T2D without prespecified diabetes duration, with/without cardiovascular (CV) disease, treated with sitagliptin; (2) to confirm CV risk gender difference; (3) to evaluate the effect on metabolic control and on CV risk evolution obtained by ‘add-on’ persistent sitagliptin treatment.ParticipantsSitagliptin 100 mg once a day was taken by 462 participants with T2D: 170 of them (males: 106; age: 63.6±8.8; T2D duration: 11.58±7.33; females: 64; age: 65.6±7.95; T2D duration 13.5±7.9) were treated for 48 months with the same dosage.InterventionsAn analysis of normality was performed both for continuous, and for groups variables on UKPDS RE percentage values, defining the requirement of a base log10transformation to normalize risk factor values for analysis validation.ResultsThe evaluation of CV risk evolution by gender (t-test) confirmed the expected statistical difference (p<0.0001). Sitagliptin obtained significant results after 12 months, and at the end of the observation, both on metabolic control (expressed by glycated hemoglobin) and on UKPDS RE. Analysis of variance test revealed a significant effect on CV risk after 12 months (p=0.003), and after 48 months (p=0.04). A bivariate correlation analysis revealed a correlation index (r)=0.2 between the two variables (p<0.05).ConclusionsThese ‘real-world’ data obtained applying UKPDS RE may reflect patients’ and clinicians’ interest in realizing individual CV risk, and its evolution. Sitagliptin-persistent treatment for a medium–long period obtained an improvement on metabolic control, as well as a reduction on CV risk.
Physicians' assessments of work capacity in patients with severe subjective health complaints: a cross-sectional study on differences between five European countries
Authors: Werner Erik L , Merkus Suzanne L , Mæland Silje , Jourdain Maud , Schaafsma Frederieke , Canevet Jean Paul , Weerdesteijn Kristel H N , Rat Cédric , Anema Johannes R 
Published: July 2016

ObjectivesA comparison of appraisals made by general practitioners (GPs) in France and occupational physicians (OPs) and insurance physicians (IPs) in the Netherlands with those made by Scandinavian GPs on work capacity in patients with severe subjective health complaints (SHCs).SettingGPs in France and OPs/IPs in the Netherlands gathered to watch nine authentic video recordings from a Norwegian general practice.Participants46 GPs in France and 93 OPs/IPs in the Netherlands were invited to a 1-day course on SHC.OutcomesRecommendation of sick leave (full or partial) or no sick leave for each of the patients.ResultsCompared with Norwegian GPs, sick leave was less likely to be granted by Swedish GPs (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.86) and by Dutch OPs/IPs (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.78). The differences between Swedish and Norwegian GPs were maintained in the adjusted analyses (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.79). This was also true for the differences between Dutch and Norwegian physicians (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.86). Overall, compared with the GPs, the Dutch OPs/IPs were less likely to grant sick leave (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.87).ConclusionsSwedish GPs and Dutch OPs/IPs were less likely to grant sick leave to patients with severe SHC compared with GPs from Norway, while GPs from Denmark and France were just as likely to grant sick leave as the Norwegian GPs. We suggest that these findings may be due to the guidelines on sick-listing and on patients with severe SHC which exist in Sweden and the Netherlands, respectively. Differences in the working conditions, relationships with patients and training of specialists in occupational medicine may also have affected the results. However, a pattern was observed in which of the patients the physicians in all countries thought should be sick-listed, suggesting that the physicians share tacit knowledge regarding sick leave decision-making in patients with severe SHC.
Complex social intervention for multidisciplinary teams to improve patient referrals in obstetrical care: protocol for a stepped wedge study design
Authors: Romijn Anita , de Bruijne Martine C , Teunissen Pim W , de Groot Christianne J M , Wagner Cordula 
Published: July 2016

IntroductionIn obstetrics, patients often experience referral situations between different care professionals. In these multidisciplinary teams, a focus on communication and interprofessional collaboration is needed to ensure care of high quality. Crew resource management team training is increasingly being applied in healthcare settings to improve team performance and coordination. Efforts to improve communication also include tools for standardisation such as SBAR (situation, background, assessment, recommendation). Despite the growing adoption of these interventions, evidence on their effectiveness is limited, especially on patient outcomes. This article describes a study protocol to examine the effectiveness of a crew resource management team training intervention aimed at implementing the SBAR tool for structured communication during patient referrals in obstetrical care.Methods and analysisThe intervention is rolled out sequentially in five hospitals and surrounding primary care midwifery practices in the Netherlands, using a stepped wedge design. The intervention involves three phases over a period of 24 months: (1) preparation, (2) training and (3) follow-up with repeated measurements. The primary outcomes are perinatal and maternal outcomes calculated using the Adverse Outcome Index. The secondary outcomes are the reaction of participating professionals to the training programme, attitudes towards safety and teamwork (Safety Attitudes Questionnaire), cohesion (Interprofessional Collaboration Measurement Scale), use of the tool for structured communication (self-reported questionnaire) and patient experiences. These secondary outcomes from professional and patient level allow triangulation and an increased understanding of the effect of the intervention on patient outcomes.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Medical Ethical Committee of the VU University Medical Centre in the Netherlands and the protocol is in accordance with Dutch privacy regulations. Study findings will be presented in publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at scientific conferences.Trial registration numberNTR4256; Pre-results.
SNAP
Authors: Leskovec Jure , Sosič Rok 
Published: July 2016

Large networks are becoming a widely used abstraction for studying complex systems in a broad set of disciplines, ranging from social-network analysis to molecular biology and neuroscience. Despite an increasing need to analyze and manipulate large networks, only a limited number of tools are available for this task.
Here, we describe the Stanford Network Analysis Platform (SNAP), a general-purpose, high-performance system that provides easy-to-use, high-level operations for analysis and manipulation of large networks. We present SNAP functionality, describe its implementational details, and give performance benchmarks. SNAP has been developed for single big-memory machines, and it balances the trade-off between maximum performance, compact in-memory graph representation, and the ability to handle dynamic graphs in which nodes and edges are being added or removed over time. SNAP can process massive networks with hundreds of millions of nodes and billions of edges. SNAP offers over 140 different graph algorithms that can efficiently manipulate large graphs, calculate structural properties, generate regular and random graphs, and handle attributes and metadata on nodes and edges. Besides being able to handle large graphs, an additional strength of SNAP is that networks and their attributes are fully dynamic; they can be modified during the computation at low cost. SNAP is provided as an open-source library in C++ as well as a module in Python.
We also describe the Stanford Large Network Dataset, a set of social and information real-world networks and datasets, which we make publicly available. The collection is a complementary resource to our SNAP software and is widely used for development and benchmarking of graph analytics algorithms.
Probabilistic Directed Writebacks for Exclusive Caches
Authors: Olson Lena E. , Hill Mark D. 
Published: July 2016

Energy is an increasingly important consideration in memory system design. Caches improve energy efficiency by decreasing execution time and reducing the number of main memory accesses, but they suffer from known inefficiencies: the last-level cache (LLC) tends to have a high miss ratio while simultaneously storing many blocks that are never referenced. Because these blocks are not referenced before eviction, we can write them directly to memory rather than to the LLC. To do so, we must predict which blocks will not be referenced. Previous approaches rely on additional state at the LLC and/or extra communication.
We show that by predicting working set size per program counter (PC), we can decide which blocks have low probability of being referenced. Our approach relies on the insight that it is possible to makes this prediction based solely on the address stream as seen by the level-one data cache (L1D), eliminating the need to store or communicate PC values between levels of the cache hierarchy. We require no modifications to the LLC.
Our approach uses Flajolet andMartin's probabilistic counting to keep the state small: two additional bits per L1D block, with an additional 6KB prediction table. This approach yields a large reduction in number of LLC writebacks: 25% fewer for SPEC on average, 80% fewer for graph500, and 67% fewer for an in-memory hash table.
Dietary Weight Loss and Exercise Effects on Serum Biomarkers of Angiogenesis in Overweight Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Duggan Catherine , Tapsoba Jean de Dieu , Wang Ching-Yun , McTiernan Anne 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Obese and sedentary persons have an increased risk for cancer, but underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Angiogenesis is common to adipose tissue formation and remodeling, and to tumor vascularization. A total of 439 overweight/obese, healthy, postmenopausal women [body mass index (BMI) &gt; 25 kg/m2] ages 50–75 years, recruited between 2005 and 2008 were randomized to a 4-arm 12-month randomized controlled trial, comparing a caloric restriction diet arm (goal: 10% weight loss, N = 118), aerobic exercise arm (225 minutes/week of moderate-to-vigorous activity, N = 117), a combined diet + exercise arm (N = 117), or control (N = 87) on circulating levels of angiogenic biomarkers. VEGF, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) were measured by immunoassay at baseline and 12 months. Changes were compared using generalized estimating equations, adjusting for baseline BMI, age, and race/ethnicity. Participants randomized to the diet + exercise arms had statistically significantly greater reductions in PAI-1 at 12 months compared with controls (−19.3% vs. +3.48%, respectively, P &lt; 0.0001). Participants randomized to the diet and diet + exercise arms had statistically significantly greater reductions in PEDF (−9.20%, −9.90%, respectively, both P &lt; 0.0001) and VEGF (−8.25%, P = 0.0005; −9.98%, P &lt; 0.0001, respectively) compared with controls. There were no differences in any of the analytes in participants randomized to the exercise arm compared with controls. Increasing weight loss was statistically significantly associated with linear trends of greater reductions in PAI-1, PEDF, and VEGF. Weight loss is significantly associated with reduced circulating VEGF, PEDF, and PAI-1, and could provide incentive for reducing weight as a cancer prevention method in overweight and obese individuals. Cancer Res; 76(14); 4226–35. ©2016 AACR.
Letteratura e Cinema: Analisi di un Rapporto
Authors: Pacella Maria 
Published: July 2016

O artigo apresenta a relação entre literatura e cinema como uma relação institucional em contínua evolução que, nos últimos anos, está assumindo uma configuração diferente: de um lado não existiriam filmes sem os livros, visto que 80% dos filmes nascem de um livro; de outro, uma vez que se tornou filme, o livro perde brilho diante do esplendor da imagem; é verdade, ainda, que não haveria certos livros sem os filmes, visto que livros são influenciados por filmes. Existe, portanto, uma relação circular de grande compenetração em que se passa de uma linguagem a outra, mas da qual emergem também sua insuperável diversidade e a concorrência na ocupação de espaços individuais e sociais.
Os problemas de ensino como instrumento na formação de professores de italiano
Authors: Ortale Fernanda Landucci 
Published: July 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar reflexões sobre os problemas de ensino como instrumento na formação de professores de língua italiana em contexto universitário. A fundamentação teórica deste trabalho está em consonância com a proposta de inserir a reflexão como ponto crucial na formação de professores (NÓVOA, 1995; DIAMOND, 1998; SCHÖN, 2000) e com os pressupostos da Pedagogia Pós-Método no ensino de línguas (KUMARAVADIVELU, 2006).
Lavorare stanca: a formação de um problema
Authors: Dias Maurício Santana 
Published: July 2016

Este artigo expões como e em que medida o livro de poemas de Cesare Pavese Lavorare stanca (1943) propõe um projeto e um problema fundados numa forma específica, o verso anapéstico, constituindo-se a contrapelo das poéticas modernistas ao conciliar modelos da tradição com algumas das experiências contemporâneas.
Role of the CD39/CD73 Purinergic Pathway in Modulating Arterial Thrombosis in Mice
Authors: Covarrubias Roman , Chepurko Elena , Reynolds Adam , Huttinger Zachary M. , Huttinger Ryan , Stanfill Katherine , Wheeler Debra G. , Novitskaya Tatiana , Robson Simon C. , Dwyer Karen M. , Cowan Peter J. , Gumina Richard J. 
Published: July 2016

Objective—
Circulating blood cells and endothelial cells express ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (CD39) and ecto-5′-nucleotidase (CD73). CD39 hydrolyzes extracellular ATP or ADP to AMP. CD73 hydrolyzes AMP to adenosine. The goal of this study was to examine the interplay between CD39 and CD73 cascade in arterial thrombosis.

Approach and Results—

To determine how CD73 activity influences in vivo thrombosis, the time to ferric chloride–induced arterial thrombosis was measured in CD73-null mice. In response to 5% FeCl
3
, but not to 10% FeCl
3
, there was a significant decrease in the time to thrombosis in CD73-null mice compared with wild-type mice. In mice overexpressing CD39, ablation of CD73 did not inhibit the prolongation in the time to thrombosis conveyed by CD39 overexpression. However, the CD73 inhibitor α-β-methylene-ADP nullified the prolongation in the time to thrombosis in human CD39 transgenic (hC39-Tg)/CD73-null mice. To determine whether hematopoietic-derived cells or endothelial cell CD39 activity regulates in vivo arterial thrombus, bone marrow transplant studies were conducted. FeCl
3
-induced arterial thrombosis in chimeric mice revealed a significant prolongation in the time to thrombosis in hCD39-Tg reconstituted wild-type mice, but not on wild-type reconstituted hCD39-Tg mice. Monocyte depletion with clodronate-loaded liposomes normalized the time to thrombosis in hCD39-Tg mice compared with hCD39-Tg mice treated with control liposomes, demonstrating that increased CD39 expression on monocytes protects against thrombosis.

Conclusions—
These data demonstrate that ablation of CD73 minimally effects in vivo thrombosis, but increased CD39 expression on hematopoietic-derived cells, especially monocytes, attenuates in vivo arterial thrombosis.
Evaluation of Early Healing Profile and Neointimal Transformation Over 24 Months Using Longitudinal Sequential Optical Coherence Tomography Assessments and 3-Year Clinical Results of the New Dual-Therapy Endothelial Progenitor Cell Capturing Sirolimus-Eluting Combo Stent
Authors: Lee Stephen W.L. , Lam Simon C.C. , Tam Frankie C.C. , Chan Kelvin K.W. , Shea Catherine P. , Kong Shun-Ling , Wong Anthony Y.T. , Yung Arthur , Zhang Lei-Wei , Tse Hung-Fat , Wu Karl K.Y. , Chan Raymond , Haude Michael , Mehran Roxana , Mintz Gary S. , Maehara Akiko 
Published: July 2016

Background—
Current monotherapy drug-eluting stents are associated with impaired healing, neoatherosclerosis, and late stent thrombosis. The healing profile and neointimal transformation of the first dual-therapy endothelial progenitor cell–capturing sirolimus-eluting stent are unknown.

Methods and Results—

In this prospective, single-center study, 61 patients treated with the Combo stent had optical coherence tomography at baseline, early follow-up (4 monthly groups in a 1:2:2:1 ratio from 2 to 5 months), 9 months, and 24 months. Optical coherence tomography early strut coverage increased from 77.1% to 92.5% to 92.7% to 94.9% between 2 and 5 months. At 9 months, the major adverse cardiac event rate was 1.64%, and angiographic in-stent late loss was 0.24 mm (0.08–0.40). The 36-month major adverse cardiac event rate was 3.3%. From 9 to 24 months, neointimal regression was confirmed by optical coherence tomography: neointimal thickness (median [first quartile and third quartile]), 0.14 mm (0.08 and 0.21) versus 0.12 mm (0.07 and 0.19),
P
<0.001; neointimal volume, 29.9 mm
3
(22.1 and 43.2) versus 26.2 mm
3
(19.6 and 35.8),
P
=0.003; and percent neointimal volume, 17.8% (12.2 and 21.2) versus 15.7% (11.2 and 19.4),
P
=0.01. No definite or probable late stent thrombosis was recorded.

Conclusions—
With additional endothelial progenitor cell–capturing technology, the Combo stent exhibits a unique late neointimal regression (from 9 to 24 months) that has not been reported in any drug-eluting stents, translating into good 36-month clinical results with minimal restenosis and no late stent thrombosis. This is the first study testing the concept of using a longitudinal sequential optical coherence tomography protocol to continuously document early healing profile and late neointimal transformation, predicting long-term outcomes of a new novel stent platform.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifiers: NCT01274234, NCT01756807, and NCT02263313.
Predictors of Initial Revascularization Versus Medical Therapy Alone in Patients With Non–ST-Segment–Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing an Invasive Strategy
Authors: Wijeysundera Harindra C. , Sidhu Mandeep S. , Bennell Maria C. , Qiu Feng , Ko Dennis T. , Knudtson Merril L. , Tu Jack V. , Boden William E. 
Published: July 2016

Background—
Although an invasive strategy is a class I clinical practice guideline for non–ST-segment–elevation acute coronary syndromes, there is wide variation in the proportion of patients who undergo revascularization despite early angiography. We sought to identify the predictors of early revascularization versus medical therapy alone in patients with non–ST-segment–elevation acute coronary syndrome undergoing an invasive strategy and to assess their clinical outcomes.

Methods and Results—
We assessed revascularization status by percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting within 7 days of the index angiogram in all patients with non–ST-segment–elevation acute coronary syndrome who underwent an invasive strategy in Ontario, Canada, from October 1, 2008, to October 31, 2013, with follow-up through December 31, 2014. The primary outcome was mortality. Multivariable hierarchical logistic models identified predictors of revascularization, and multivariable Cox models with treatment strategy as a 3-level time-varying covariate assessed the relationship between revascularization status and clinical outcomes. We identified 50 302 patients of whom 34 288 (68.2%) underwent revascularization (percutaneous coronary intervention: 28 011 and coronary artery bypass grafting: 6277). There was a 2-fold variation in revascularization rates across hospitals. A higher risk presentation significantly predicted revascularization (odds ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.18–1.35), as did having the angiogram by an interventional cardiologist (odds ratio, 1.76; 95% confidence interval, 1.57–1.98). Revascularized patients with either percutaneous coronary intervention (hazard ratio, 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.60–0.69) or coronary artery bypass grafting (hazard ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.47–0.60) had improved survival compared with medically treated patients.

Conclusions—
Although the majority of patients with non–ST-segment–elevation acute coronary syndrome who underwent an early invasive approach received revascularization, there was wide variation. Revascularization was associated with significantly improved survival.
Hail Day Frequency Trends and Associated Atmospheric Circulation Patterns over China during 1960–2012
Authors: Li Mingxin , Zhang Qinghong , Zhang Fuqing 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Based on a comprehensive collection of hail observations and the NCEP–NCAR reanalyses from 1960 to 2012, the long-term trends of hail day frequency in mainland China and the associated changes in atmospheric circulation patterns were analyzed. There was no detectable trend in hail frequency from 1960 to the early 1980s, but a significant decreasing trend was apparent in later periods throughout most of China and in particular over the Tibetan Plateau from the early 1980s and over northern and northwestern China from the early 1990s. Hail frequency in southern China did not decrease as significantly as in other regions over the last couple of decades. An objective classification method, the obliquely rotated T-mode principal component technique, was used to investigate atmospheric circulation patterns. It was found that 51.85% of the hail days occurred during two major circulation types, both of which were associated with cold frontal systems in northern China. More specifically, the synoptic trough in East Asia, signified by the meridional circulation at 850 hPa, became considerably weaker after 1990. This change in the synoptic pattern is consistent with a weakening trend in the East Asian summer monsoon, the primary dynamic forcing of moisture transport that contributes to the generation of severe convection in northern China. The long-term variability of hail day frequency over the Tibetan Plateau was more strongly correlated with the change in mean freezing-level height (FLH) than the strength of the East Asian monsoon.