bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bisphenol A, phthalate metabolites and glucose homeostasis in healthy normal-weight children
Authors: Carlsson Amalie , Sørensen Kaspar , Andersson Anna-Maria , Frederiksen Hanne , Juul Anders 
Published: December 2017

Introduction
Bisphenol A and several of the most commonly used phthalates have been associated with adverse metabolic health effects such as obesity and diabetes. Therefore, we analyzed these man-made chemicals in first morning urine samples from 107 healthy normal-weight Danish children and adolescents.

Method
This was a cross-sectional study. Participants were recruited as part of the Copenhagen Puberty Study. The subjects were evaluated by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan, direct oxygen uptake measurement during cycle ergometry and fasting blood samples. First morning urine was collected and phthalate metabolites and BPA were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) with prior enzymatic deconjugation. Individual chemical concentrations were divided into tertiles and analyzed in relation to biological outcome.

Results
Children in the lowest tertile of urinary BPA had significantly higher peak insulin levels during OGTT (P = 0.01), lower insulin sensitivity index (P < 0.01), higher leptin (P = 0.03), triglyceride (P < 0.01) and total cholesterol levels (P = 0.04), lower aerobic fitness (P = 0.02) and a tendency toward higher fat mass index (P = 0.1) compared with children in the highest tertile for uBPA. No significant differences in anthropometrics, body composition or glucose metabolism were associated with any of the phthalate metabolites measured.

Conclusion
This pilot study on healthy normal-weight children suggests an inverse association between BPA and insulin resistance. Our findings contrast other cross-sectional studies showing a positive association for BPA, which may be due to confounding or reverse causation because diet is an important source of both BPA exposure and obesity.
El Niño y la Niña de la Familia Monoparental/ Monomarental Popular Venezolana y su Vínculo con la Pobreza
Authors: Gómez Shirley 
Published: December 2017

Objetivo: El propósito de este trabajo es comprender al niño y la niña que forma parte de la estructura familiar popular venezolana desde el punto de vista de Alejandro Moreno, el “matricentrismo” y su relación con la pobreza, vista esta última como un derecho vulnerado, con la finalidad de brindar aportes a las políticas públicas.Método: Esta investigación se basa en el paradigma interpretativo y el método documental detipo argumentativo, en un análisis contextual y de registro de los textos: El aro y la trama (2008 a ), ¿Padre y madre? (2008 b ) y Buscando padre (2002), además de la Convención de los Derechos del niño y las leyes venezolanas al respecto.Resultados: Los hallazgos indican que la familia popular venezolana convive dentro de una realidad social con muchas carencias, económicas, institucionales, alimenticias y legales entre otras; independientemente de la estructura familiar que tengan. Sin embargo, predomina la familia monomarental con derechos vulnerados que llegan hasta la exclusión social.Conclusiones: El niño y la niña que forma parte de la familia popular monoparental/monomarental venezolana es producto de esa realidad política, social y económica que lo envuelve y que lo marca, de allí que está subsumido dentro de una gran lista de factores de riesgo por no tener acceso a la alimentación, educación, vivienda y salud, principales derechos vulnerados; y con muy pocos factores protectores reales.
Identification of Species and Fatty Acid Composition of Microalgae from Raas Beach Sendang Biru Malang and Their Potential as Biodiesel Feedstock
Authors: Sanjaya Eli Hendrik 
Published: December 2017

Biodiesel is one of the best renewable energy made from triglycerides. Microalgae has a high lipid content include triglycerides, so it can be used as raw material for biodiesel production. Malang has many of beaches which are potent to become sources of microalgae, several beaches are surrounding Sendang Biru. The aims of this research were to identify the species of microalgae from Raas Beach Sendang Biru, determine their yield of lipid and fatty acid composition, and analyse their potential to became feedstock of biodiesel production. This research consists of five stages: identification of microalgae, cultivation, harvesting, determination of the yield of microalgae lipid by soxhlet extraction method, and analysis of the fatty acid composition of lipid by GC-MS. The results showed that the species of microalgae are dominated by Euglena sp and small amount of Gloeocapsa. The lipid yield of dried microalgae is 7.5% and the fatty acids composition are dodecanoic acid (1.6%), tetradecanoic acid (1.3%), hexadecanoic acid (16.6%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (25.2%), 9-octadecenoic acid (29.8%), and octadecanoic acid (6.7%). Based on this results, it can be concluded that the microalgaes from Raas Beach Sendang Biru are potential to become biodiesel feedstock but it still need optimization.
CQESTR‐Simulated Response of Soil Organic Carbon to Management, Yield, and Climate Change in the Northern Great Plains Region
Authors: Nash P. R. , Gollany H. T. , Sainju U. M. 
Published: December 2017

Traditional dryland crop management includes fallow and intensive tillage, which have reduced soil organic carbon (SOC) over the past century, raising concerns regarding soil health and sustainability. The objectives of this study were: (i) to use CQESTR, a process‐based C model, to simulate SOC dynamics from 2006 to 2011 and to predict relative SOC trends in cropping sequences that included barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.), and fallow under conventional tillage or no‐till, and N fertilization rates through 2045; and (ii) to identify best dryland cropping systems to increase SOC and reduce CO2 emissions under projected climate change in eastern Montana. Cropping sequences were conventional‐till barley–fallow (CTB‐F), no‐till barley–fallow (NTB‐F), no‐till continuous barley (NTCB), and no‐till barley–pea (NTB‐P), with 0 and 80 kg N ha−1 applied to barley. Under current crop production, climatic conditions, and averaged N rates, SOC at the 0‐ to 10‐cm depth was predicted to increase by 1.74, 1.79, 2.96, and 4.57 Mg C ha−1 by 2045 for CTB‐F, NTB‐F, NTB‐P, and NTCB, respectively. When projected climate change and the current positive US barley yield trend were accounted for in the simulations, SOC accretion was projected to increase by 0.69 to 0.92 Mg C ha−1 and 0.41 to 0.47 Mg C ha−1, respectively. According to the model simulations, adoption of NT, elimination of fallow years, and N fertilizer management will likely have the greatest impact on SOC stocks in the top soil as of 2045 in the Northern Great Plains.Core Ideas
Estimates of management impact on SOC are needed for the Northern Great Plains region.
CQESTR simulated measured SOC well, even with high temporal and spatial variability.
Continuous cropping and anticipated climate change increased SOC stocks through 2045.
Maintaining barley yield was predicted to reverse the trend in SOC loss through 2045.
Scale Effects on Plot Runoff and Soil Erosion in a Mediterranean Environment
Authors: Bagarello V. , Ferro V. 
Published: December 2017

Core Ideas
Explaining plot‐scale effects improves our understanding of hydrological processes.
Scale effects for sediment concentration and runoff differed at the Sparacia site.
Establishing factors responsible for scale effects needs additional investigation.
Explaining scale effects for runoff and erosion improves our understanding of hydrological and erosion processes. In this investigation, plot‐scale effects on event runoff per unit area, Qe, sediment concentration, Ce, and soil loss per unit area, SLe, were checked at the Sparacia (Italy) site. Similar information on the scale effects was obtained with different dependent variables, i.e., individual values of Qe, Ce, and SLe for each plot or the mean of their replicated values, and scale indicators, i.e., plot length, l, or plot area, A. The most common result, occurring for 57 to 62% of the events depending on the considered variable, was the lack of any scale effect. When scale effects were detected, they indicated that longer plot lengths yielded smaller Qe and SLe values and larger Ce values. Scale effects were more variable for erosion than runoff. Rainfall characteristics did not explain the occurrence of significant scale effects nor were they able to describe changes in the scaling exponent for Ce and SLe. However, there was some sign that scale effects for plot runoff decreased as rainfall amount or its erosivity increased. The collected data were not always sufficient to support the description of scale effects by the theoretically based power relationship. Additional investigations on plot‐scale effects are advisable to both explain with more confidence what factors control the response of plots differing in length and establish the most appropriate way to summarize the data.
Flow Resistance in Step‐Pool Rills
Authors: Di Stefano Costanza , Ferro Vito , Palmeri Vincenzo , Pampalone Vincenzo 
Published: December 2017

Core Ideas
A new theoretical flow resistance equation is proposed for step‐pool rills.
In step‐pool rills, total resistance is higher than grain resistance in rill flows.
Step pools in rills do not form as antidunes.
Rills evolve morphologically, and the adjustment of rill channel geometry to flow affects the relationships among velocity, discharge, and slope. The resistance to flow in step‐pool rills is mainly due to form‐induced mechanisms and, in comparison, grain resistance is of minor significance. Previous studies on rill flow resistance have been performed exclusively for grain‐resistance conditions and use a stream flow equation. In this study, a new flow resistance equation, deduced by applying dimensional analysis and self‐similarity theory, was applied to rill flow in step‐pool channels. First, the incomplete self‐similarity hypothesis was used for establishing a power flow velocity profile whose integration gives the theoretical expression of the Darcy–Weisbach friction factor. Then the deduced theoretical resistance equation was tested by measurements of flow velocity, water depth, channel width, and bed slope performed in 49 reaches of some rills having a step‐pool bed. A relationship between the velocity profile, the channel slope, and the flow Froude number was established. The analysis showed that the Darcy–Weisbach friction factor can be accurately estimated by the proposed theoretical approach based on a power‐velocity profile. The Darcy–Weisbach friction factor values related to rills with step‐pool sequences, on average, are higher than those related to rills without step pools, signifying that rills where step‐pool sequences occur are characterized by a total resistance (grain and morphological) that is higher than grain resistance. Finally, this investigation showed that step pools that maximize flow resistance may develop at Froude numbers below the range at which step pools may form as antidunes.
mazE Antitoxin of Toxin Antitoxin System and fbpA as Reliable Targets to Eradication of Neisseria meningitidis
Authors: Maleki Abbas , Ghafourian Sobhan , Pakzad Iraj , Badakhsh Behzad , Sadeghifard Nourkhoda 
Published: December 2017

Background:
Neisseria meningitidis is considered as a dangerous pathogen threatening human health.
Nowadays, the new drug target is focused. Toxin antitoxin (TA) system is recently identified as an antimicrobial
drug target. Also, in N. meningitidis, iron-uptake system could be an interesting target for drug discovery.

Methods:
In this study, fbpA and mazE genes were chosen as new antimicrobial targets and treated with antisense
peptide nucleic acid (PNA). Firstly, they were evaluated by bioinformatics and then analyzed by experimental
procedures. Secondly, the functionality was evaluated by stress conditions.

Results:
Our results interestingly demonstrated that when fbpA and mazE loci of N. meningitidis were targeted by
antisense PNA, 8 µM concentration of fbpA-PNA as well as 30 µM concentration of mazE-PNA inhibited the
growth of N. meningitides and were found to be bacteriostatic, whereas 10 μM concentration of fbpA-PNA
showed bacteriocidal activity.

Conclusion:
Our findings demonstrated the bactriocidal activity of fbpA-PNA and bacteriostatic activity of mazEPNA.
Therefore, mazE and fbpA genes should be potent antimicrobial targets but further analysis including in
vivo analysis should be performed.
Diet and Brain Health: Which Role for Polyphenols?
Authors: Castelli Vanessa , Grassi Davide , Bocale Raffaella , d'Angelo Michele , Antonosante Andrea , Cimini Annamaria , Ferri Claudio , Desideri Giovambattista 
Published: December 2017

Background:
The aging of western societies is leading to a dramatic increase in the prevalence of
chronic conditions, threatening the health status and then the sustainability of our healthcare systems. In particular,
dementia is being increasingly recognized as a public health priority, given its enormous socioeconomic burdens
further amplified by the absence of treatments really effective in improving the clinical course of the disease.

Methods:
The question of whether some degree of cognitive deterioration is an inevitable part of aging or should
be considered as a pathological pre-stage of dementia is currently debated. This is a field in need of research
because accelerated brain aging as well as further decline in cognition might be preventable in the early stages of
cognitive impairment. Herein, we discuss evidence from clinical and experimental studies on the role of polyphenols
in preserving cognitive performance across life.

Results:
In recent years, the possibility of favorably influencing the cognitive trajectory through promotion of
lifestyle modifications has been increasingly investigated. In particular, the relationship between nutritional habits
and brain health has attracted special attention. Dietary polyphenols exhibit a strong potential to promote brain
due to their efficacy in protecting neurons against oxidative stress-induced injury, suppressing neuroinflammation
and in ameliorating cardiovascular risk factor control and cardiovascular function thus counteracting neurotoxicity
and neurodegeneration.

Conclusion:
Emerging evidence suggest that dietary polyphenols, in particular flavonoids, may exert beneficial
effects on the central nervous system thus representing a potential tool to preserve cognitive performance
throught senescence.
Targeting FGFR with BGJ398 in Breast Cancer: Effect on Tumor Growth and Metastasis
Authors: Sahores Ana , May María , Sequeira Gonzalo R. , Fuentes Cynthia , Jacobsen Britta , Lanari Claudia , Lamb Caroline A. 
Published: December 2017

Background:
Endocrine resistance and metastatic dissemination comprise major clinical
challenges for breast cancer treatment. The fibroblast growth factor receptor family (FGFR) consists
of four tyrosine kinase transmembrane receptors, involved in key biological processes. Genomic alterations
in FGFR have been identified in advanced breast cancer and thus, FGFR are an attractive
therapeutic target. However, the efficacy of FGFR inhibitors on in vivo tumor growth is still controversial.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of FGFR in tumor growth and breast
cancer progression.

Methods:
Cell proliferation was assessed by 3H-thymidine uptake and cell counting in primary
cultures of endocrine resistant mammary carcinomas and a human cell line, respectively. Tumor
transplants and cell injections were used to determine in vivo growth and spontaneous metastasis.
FGFR1-3 and αSMA expression were evaluated on primary tumors by immunohistochemistry.

Results:
Antiprogestin resistant murine transplants and a human xenograft express high levels of
total FGFR1-3. In vitro treatment with the FGFR inhibitor, BGJ398, impaired cell proliferation of
resistant variants versus vehicle. In vivo, versus control, BGJ398 treatment decreased one out of
four resistant tumors, however all tumors showed a decreased epithelial/stromal ratio. Finally, in a
model of hormone resistant mammary cancer that spontaneously metastasizes to the lung, BGJ398
decreased the number of mice with lung metastasis.

Conclusion:
FGFR inhibitors are promising tools that require further investigation to identify sensitive
tumors. These studies suggest that targeting FGFR combined with other targeted therapies will
be useful to impair breast cancer progression.
Adaptabilitas Varietas Inpara di Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut Tipe Luapan Air B pada Musim Kemarau
Authors: , Koesrini , Saleh Muhammad , Nurzakiah Dan Siti 
Published: December 2017

Tidal swamp lands are marginal lands with considerable potentials for rice farming. The key solution to overcome swampy lands constraints are nutrient and water managements as well as the use of adaptive rice varieties. Inpara (inbred swampy land rices) varieties have been released by the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) which are adaptive to swampy land conditions. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the adaptability of Inpara varieties in tidal swamp lands with type B overflow. The field experiment was carried out in Karang Bunga village, Barito Kuala District, South Kalimantan Province, in the dry season from April to August 2016. The research was arranged in randomized complete block design, with 3 replicates. The varieties tested, i.e., Inpara 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and check varieties Margasari, Ciherang, and Mekongga. The results showed that the adaptability varied among varieties tested. Inpara 3, 4, 6, 8, and 9 had high yield and good adaptation on tidal swamp land yielded 3.475-4.299 ton ha-1. These varieties produced between 38.5 to 71.3% higher than Margasari and 51.4 to 87.2% higher than Mekongga. Inpara 3, 4, 6, 8, and 9 could be used as a main varieties in the tidal swamp lands.<br /><br />Keywords: rice, swampy land, variety
Manuscritos cervantinos
Authors: Lucía Megías José Manuel 
Published: December 2017

El Quijote, y otras obras de Miguel de Cervantes, fueron transmitidas mediante copias manuscritas desde finales del siglo XIX y el siglo XX. Obras únicas, excepcionales, nacidas de la pasión de su creador o para dar respuesta a una demanda de coleccionistas que querían enriquecer sus bibliotecas con estas copias, de gran valor artístico y cultural, que nadie más podía poseer. Uno de los coleccionistas que consiguieron reunir una mayor colección de manuscritos cervantinos fue Juan Sedó Peris-Mencheta, cuya biblioteca actualmente está entre los fondos de la Biblioteca Nacional de España. La abundante correspondencia con Arturo Xalambrí permite conocer detalles sobre su adquisición y el valor que el cervantófilo catalán dio a su colección manuscrita. Una segunda entrega del artículo estará dedicada a los manuscritos cervantinos de Arturo Xalambrí.
La poética de las jaulas en el Quijote
Authors: Parodi Alicia 
Published: December 2017

Las jaulas constituyen una serie a lo largo del Quijote. La primera parte (1605) provee, a través de indudables intertextos, el simbolismo teológico. Las jaulas de 1615 subrayan la herramienta constructiva del lenguaje. Cuando llegamos al final, se nos revela la ecuación alegórica, una transfiguración del libro que estamos leyendo.
Una aproximación al discurso "Conquista Espiritual" de Antonio Ruiz de Montoya a través del estudio de las imágenes benévolas
Authors: Pezzuto Marcela 
Published: December 2017

En el relato de la fundación de pueblos, de la evangelización y de la defensa de las comunidades de la región del Guayrá, del Paraná, del Uruguay y del Tape se menciona como habitual la convivencia de la geografía humana y natural con seres sobrenaturales. Las misiones jesuíticas, espacios delimitados y diferenciados del «exterior», se muestran para el padre Montoya como el sitio propicio para la interacción del hombre con la divinidad. Allí las presencias celestiales guiarán a los indios a llevar una vida apegada al precepto y a la doctrina y se constituirán en ayudantes de los religiosos. Dichas figuras de «rescate» (entre las que se destaca especialmente la del Apóstol Santo Tomás) aparecen en el relato como instrumento para liberar a los indios del mal, conformando, así, un mensaje esperanzador. Nuestra propuesta se centra en una doble metodología que contempla un estudio lingüístico-estructuralista y, posteriormente, una lectura hermenéutica. El objetivo es revelar en la narración del jesuita la estructura, los actantes, las tensiones nodales y las redes isotópicas para luego reflexionar sobre el contenido semántico del mensaje que manifiesta el estado de cosas propias del universo simbólico de Ruiz de Montoya.
The Influence of Injury Definition on Injury Burden in Preprofessional Ballet and Contemporary Dancers
Authors: Kenny Sarah J. , Palacios-Derflingher Luz , Whittaker Jackie L. , Emery Carolyn A. 
Published: December 2017

Study Design Cohort study. Background Multiple operational definitions of injury exist in dance research. The influence that these different injury definitions have on epidemiological estimations of injury burden among dancers warrants investigation. Objective To describe the influence of injury definition on injury prevalence, incidence, and severity in preprofessional ballet and contemporary dancers. Methods Dancers registered in full-time preprofessional ballet (n = 85; 77 female; median age, 15 years; range, 11–19 years) and contemporary (n = 60; 58 female; median age, 19 years; range, 17–30 years) training completed weekly online questionnaires (modified Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre questionnaire on health problems) using 3 injury definitions: (1) time loss (unable to complete 1 or more classes/rehearsals/performances for 1 or more days beyond onset), (2) medical attention, and (3) any complaint. Physical therapists completed injury report forms to capture dance-related medical attention and time-loss injuries. Percent agreement between injury registration methods was estimated. Injury prevalence (seasonal proportion of dancers injured), incidence rates (count of new injuries per 1000 dance-exposure hours), and severity (total days lost) were examined across each definition, registration method, and dance style. Results Questionnaire response rate was 99%. Agreement between registration methods ranged between 59% (time loss) and 74% (injury location). Depending on definition, registration, and dance style, injury prevalence ranged between 9.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.1%, 17.7%; time loss) and 82.4% (95% CI: 72.5%, 89.8%; any complaint), incidence rates between 0.1 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.2; time loss) and 4.9 (95% CI: 4.1, 5.8; any complaint) injuries per 1000 dance-hours, and days lost between 111 and 588 days. Conclusion Time-loss and medical-attention injury definitions underestimate the injury burden in preprofessional dancers. Accordingly, injury surveillance methodologies should consider more inclusive injury definitions. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(3):185–193. Epub 13 Dec 2017. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7542 Level of Evidence Symptom prevalence study, level 1b.