bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Connectivity Differences of the Subthalamic Nucleus Related to Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Mathys Christian , Caspers Julian , Langner Robert , Südmeyer Martin , Grefkes Christian , Reetz Kathrin , Moldovan Alexia‐Sabine , Michely Jochen , Heller Julia , Eickhoff Claudia R. , Turowski Bernd , Schnitzler Alfons , Hoffstaedter Felix , Eickhoff Simon B. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA typical feature of Parkinson's disease (PD) is pathological activity in the subthalamic nucleus (STN). Here, we tested whether in patients with PD under dopaminergic treatment functional connectivity of the STN differs from healthy controls (HC) and whether some brain regions show (anti‐) correlations between functional connectivity with STN and motor symptoms. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate whole‐brain resting‐state functional connectivity with STN in 54 patients with PD and 55 HC matched for age, gender, and within‐scanner motion. Compared to HC, we found attenuated negative STN‐coupling with Crus I of the right cerebellum and with right ventromedial prefrontal regions in patients with PD. Furthermore, we observed enhanced negative STN‐coupling with bilateral intraparietal sulcus/superior parietal cortex, right sensorimotor, right premotor, and left visual cortex compared to HC. Finally, we found a decline in positive STN‐coupling with the left insula related to severity of motor symptoms and a decline of inter‐hemispheric functional connectivity between left and right STN with progression of PD‐related motor symptoms. Motor symptom related uncoupling of the insula, a key region in the saliency network and for executive function, from the STN might be associated with well‐known executive dysfunction in PD. Moreover, uncoupling between insula and STN might also induce an insufficient setting of thresholds for the discrimination between relevant and irrelevant salient environmental stimuli, explaining observations of disturbed response control in PD. In sum, motor symptoms in PD are associated with a reduced coupling between STN and a key region for executive function. Hum Brain Mapp 37:1235–1253, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinicopathologic factors associated with recurrence in low‐ and high‐grade parotid cancers
Authors: Lee Doh Young , Park Min Woo , Oh Kyoung Ho , Cho Jae‐Gu , Kwon Soon‐Young , Woo Jeong‐Soo , Jung Kwang Yoon , Baek Seung‐Kuk 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine clinicopathological correlates of outcome among patients with parotid gland cancer.MethodsThe medical records of 126 patients treated by surgery for localized parotid cancer were retrospectively reviewed to identify the clinicopathologic correlates of recurrence‐free survival (RFS) according to histologic grade.ResultsMultivariate analysis revealed that age and lymphovascular invasion were significant factors for recurrence in patients with low‐grade cancer (p = .049 and p = .019, respectively), whereas perineural invasion was the only significant factor in patients with high‐grade cancer (p = .001). The most frequent recurrence site tends to be different according to histologic grade: local recurrence at low‐grade cancer (8.3%) and distant at high‐grade cancer (13.6%). The duration of RFS was significantly longer in low‐grade cancer than high‐grade cancer in regional and distant recurrence (p = .044 and p = .016, respectively).ConclusionConsideration of different factors may be required for individual low‐grade and high‐grade parotid cancers when predicting the risk of recurrence. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1788–E1793, 2016
Salivary duct carcinoma: Clinicopathologic features, morphologic spectrum, and somatic mutations
Authors: Luk Peter P. , Weston Jared D. , Yu Bing , Selinger Christina I. , Ekmejian Rafael , Eviston Timothy J. , Lum Trina , Gao Kan , Boyer Michael , O'Toole Sandra A. , Clark Jonathan R. , Gupta Ruta 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundAccurate diagnosis of salivary duct carcinoma requires a high index of suspicion and clinicopathologic correlation. Hallmark genetic changes that may provide novel therapeutic options are being explored.MethodsOne hundred ninety salivary gland malignancies at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (from 1989–2014) were reviewed. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and androgen receptor status were determined along with multigene profiling.ResultsTwenty‐three salivary duct carcinomas were identified, predominantly in men in their fifth to ninth decades of life. Facial nerve palsy (12%) and cervical lymph node metastases (82%) were present, and 96% received postoperative adjuvant therapy. Histologically, the tumors resembled high‐grade invasive and in situ ductal carcinoma of the breast. Micropapillary, papillary, sarcomatoid, oncocytic, and mucinous variants were seen. The tumors showed androgen receptor (70%), HER2 amplification (30%), and HRAS, AKT1, PIK3CA, and NRAS mutations (22%; cumulative). The 5‐year disease‐free survival was 36%.ConclusionSalivary duct carcinoma demonstrates a wide histopathologic spectrum. Treatment strategies need to take androgen receptor, HER2 amplification, and PIK3CA mutation into account. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1838–E1847, 2016
Clonidine, an alpha‐2 adrenoceptor agonist relieves mechanical allodynia in oxaliplatin‐induced neuropathic mice; potentiation by spinal p38 MAPK inhibition without motor dysfunction and hypotension
Authors: Yeo Ji‐Hee , Yoon Seo‐Yeon , Kim Sol‐Ji , Oh Seog‐Bae , Lee Jang‐Hern , Beitz Alvin J. , Roh Dae‐Hyun 
Published: December 2015

Cancer chemotherapy with platinum‐based antineoplastic agents including oxaliplatin frequently results in a debilitating and painful peripheral neuropathy. We evaluated the antinociceptive effects of the alpha‐2 adrenoceptor agonist, clonidine on oxaliplatin‐induced neuropathic pain. Specifically, we determined if (i) the intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of clonidine reduces mechanical allodynia in mice with an oxaliplatin‐induced neuropathy and (ii) concurrent inhibition of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity by the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 enhances clonidine's antiallodynic effect. Clonidine (0.01–0.1 mg kg−1, i.p.), with or without SB203580(1‐10 nmol, intrathecal) was administered two weeks after oxaliplatin injection(10 mg kg−1, i.p.) to mice. Mechanical withdrawal threshold, motor coordination and blood pressure were measured. Postmortem expression of p38 MAPK and ERK as well as their phosphorylated forms(p‐p38 and p‐ERK) were quantified 30 min or 4 hr after drug injection in the spinal cord dorsal horn of treated and control mice. Clonidine dose‐dependently reduced oxaliplatin‐induced mechanical allodynia and spinal p‐p38 MAPK expression, but not p‐ERK. At 0.1 mg kg−1, clonidine also impaired motor coordination and decreased blood pressure. A 10 nmol dose of SB203580 alone significantly reduced mechanical allodynia and p‐p38 MAPK expression, while a subeffective dose(3 nmol) potentiated the antiallodynic effect of 0.03 mg kg−1 clonidine and reduced the increased p‐p38 MAPK. Coadministration of SB203580 and 0.03 mg kg−1 clonidine decreased allodynia similar to that of 0.10 mg kg−1 clonidine, but without significant motor or vascular effects. These findings demonstrate that clonidine treatment reduces oxaliplatin‐induced mechanical allodynia. The concurrent administration of SB203580 reduces the dosage requirements for clonidine, thereby alleviating allodynia without producing undesirable motor or cardiovascular effects.
Solubilized liver extracellular matrix maintains primary rat hepatocyte phenotype in‐vitro
Authors: Loneker Abigail E. , Faulk Denver M. , Hussey George S. , D'Amore Antonio , Badylak Stephen F. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWhole organ engineering and cell‐based regenerative medicine approaches are being investigated as potential therapeutic options for end‐stage liver failure. However, a major challenge of these strategies is the loss of hepatic specific function after hepatocytes are removed from their native microenvironment. The objective of the present study was to determine if solubilized liver extracellular matrix (ECM), when used as a media supplement, can better maintain hepatocyte phenotype compared to type I collagen alone or solubilized ECM harvested from a non‐liver tissue source. Liver extracellular matrix (LECM) from four different species was isolated via liver tissue decellularization, solubilized, and then used as a media supplement for primary rat hepatocytes (PRH). The four species of LECM investigated were human, porcine, canine and rat. Cell morphology, albumin secretion, and ammonia metabolism were used to assess maintenance of hepatocyte phenotype. Biochemical and mechanical characterization of each LECM were also conducted. Results showed that PRH's supplemented with canine and porcine LECM maintained their phenotype to a greater extent compared to all other groups. PRH's supplemented with canine and porcine LECM showed increased bile production, increased albumin production, and the formation of multinucleate cells. The findings of the present study suggest that solubilized liver ECM can support in‐vitro hepatocyte culture and should be considered for therapeutic and diagnostic techniques that utilize hepatocytes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 957–965, 2016.
Spatial variance of physicochemical properties within mangos and the effect of initial ripeness stage on the quality of fresh‐cut mangos
Authors: Ngamchuachit Panita , Mitcham Elizabeth J , Barrett Diane M 
Published: December 2015

BACKGROUNDThis study aimed to assess the spatial variation in physicochemical properties within individual mangos, as well as to investigate the influence of initial ripeness level on physicochemical characteristics of fresh‐cut mangos. Individual mangos were evaluated at 12 specific flesh positions in the inner and outer sides. Mango cubes of 1.5 cm prepared from three firmness stages were monitored for changes during 9 days of storage at 5 °C.RESULTSMango fruit varied significantly in firmness and color based on spatial position, with the ripening direction from the inner flesh outward and from the stem end to blossom end. Limitations to fresh‐cut mango quality were ‘desiccation’ (dried cut surface) and ‘edge or tissue damage’ (cut edge damage or brown and bruise‐like appearance). Firmer texture and paler yellow of inner flesh were found in less mature mango fruit (P < 0.001). The optimal ripeness stage for fresh‐cut mango products was 45 N, based on ease of handling, fresh appearance at the time of purchase and intermediate physicochemical properties (firmness, color and SSC/TA ratio).CONCLUSIONSpatial variance and initial ripeness stage affect fresh‐cut mango quality. Therefore, they must be considered by fresh‐cut mango processors in order to attain optimal product quality. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Selective Chain Alignment of Conducting Polymer Blend Films by an Ultrafast Laser
Authors: Chae Sangmin , Jo Kuk Hyun , Lee Si Woo , Keum Hee‐Sung , Kim Hyo Jung , Choi Jiyeon , Lee Hyun Hwi 
Published: December 2015

Tunable and selective areal polymer chain alignment method is developed for spin‐cast blend films of poly(3‐hexylthiophene)(P3HT):[6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butlyric methyl ester (PCBM) system by a femtosecond laser process. The chain alignment, phase separation, and molecular structure of the laser exposed P3HT:PCBM films are investigated by grazing incidence wide angle X‐ray scattering and micro‐Raman analysis. The alkyl chains of P3HT polymer become highly ordered along the polarization axis of the laser. Thus, the amount of desirable face‐on configuration for solar cell application is largely enhanced with a subsequent postannealing process. Vertically expanded morphology up to 200 nm on P3HT:PCBM films is also prompted by the laser irradiation without deteriorating intramolecular structure and changing chemical composition. Simultaneously, vertical phase separation of PCBM toward surface is induced at exposed region.
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The Static Structure and Dynamics of Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles within Poly(styrene‐block‐isoprene) Diblock Copolymer Melts
Authors: Jang Woo‐Sik , Koo Peter , Bryson Kyle , Narayanan Suresh , Sandy Alec R. , Russell Thomas P. , Mochrie Simon G. 
Published: December 2015

The static structure and dynamic behavior of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles suspended in block copolymer matrix are investigated using transmission electron microscopy, small‐angle X‐ray scattering, and X‐ray photon correlation spectroscopy. The transmission electron microscopy study shows that cadmium sulfide nanoparticles are preferentially segregated within the polyisoprene domain of a poly(styrene‐block‐isoprene) diblock copolymer. For the dynamics study, X‐ray photon correlation spectroscopy captures the relaxation process of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles. The measured characteristic relaxation time reveals that the observed dynamics are hyperdiffusive. The characteristic velocity and corresponding activation energy, which are hallmarks of a hyperdiffusive system, are determined from the relationship between the characteristic relaxation time and the wavevector.image
Occurrence of Writing Tremor in Patients With Scans Without Evidence of Dopaminergic Deficit
Authors: Schirinzi Tommaso , Imbriani Paola , D'Elia Alessio , Bentivoglio Anna Rita , Pisani Antonio 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAsymmetric rest tremor is one of the main features of patients diagnosed with scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDD). Clinical and neurophysiological evidence suggests a dystonic origin of this tremor, although the underlying pathophysiology is still unclear. Dystonic tremor has a great tendency to vary with different postures or voluntary motor tasks. Here, we performed a phenomenological analysis of tremor in 14 patients with normal scans and in 14 tremor‐dominant Parkinson's disease (PD) patients by assessing the presence of writing tremor. The Wilcoxon‐Mann‐Whitney's test revealed that patients with normal scans exhibit writing tremor more frequently, regardless of the side mostly affected by motor disturbances in handwriting (P < 0.01) and drawing (right hand: P = 0.01; left hand: P < 0.05). Our findings show that patients with asymmetric rest tremor and normal scans, contrarily to PD patients, present more commonly action tremor during writing tasks. This feature may thus be helpful to distinguish the two conditions.
Composite feed dual circularly polarized microstrip antenna with improved characteristics
Authors: Chakrabarti Satyajit 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTIn this article, we present a composite feed dual circularly polarized (CP) aperture‐coupled microstrip antenna at L‐band with improved characteristics. Two dedicated feeds have been conceived; one feed produces left hand CP, while the other generates right hand CP (RHCP). A prototype has been designed, fabricated and experimentally measured. 7.8% axial ratio bandwidth at each of the ports and in‐band interport isolation over 18 dB without using power divider has been demonstrated. As much as 3.5 dBi gain at each port have been achieved experimentally. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:283–289, 2016
A metamaterial unit cell inspired antenna for mobile wireless applications
Authors: Alam T. , Samsuzzaman M. , Faruque M. R. I. , Islam M. T. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThe article reveals the design of a metamaterial cell inspired triple band antenna for DCS 1800, PCS 1900, WCDMA, Bluetooth, WLAN 2400, WiMAX 2.5, and WLAN 5 GHz frequency band applications. The overall antenna size is 48 × 48 × 1.575 mm3 where the electrical dimension is 0.26 λ × 0.26 λ × 0.0084 λ at 1.6 GHz lower frequency band. The proposed antenna consists of a microstrip feed line and metamaterial unit cell providing a negative index of refraction, which indicates both negative magnetic value of permeability and negative electrical value of permittivity. The proposed antenna achieves triple −10 dB measured impedance bandwidth of 370 MHz (1.6–1.97), 380 MHz (2.34–2.72), and 1.48 GHz (3.89–5.37). The measured gain of the proposed antenna at 1.9 GHz is 1.64 dB, 2.45 GHz is 2.07 dB, and 5 GHz is 4.06 dB with radiation efficiency of 66.2%, 77.15%, and 87.6%, respectively. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:263–267, 2016
Surface plasmon wave application in microwave modulator induced by switchable metamaterial
Authors: Zhang Wenjuan , Sun Liguo , Lin Fujiang , Zhu Guiqiang , Lu Diqun 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTCorrugated metal surface with underlayer metal ground can propagate surface waves when the operation frequency is below the asymptotic limit–the surface plasma frequency. Tunability of the spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) wave is realized by placing metamaterial underneath the SSPP strip. We design and experimentally demonstrate a modulator based on the planar surface plasmon waveguide and switchable metamaterial, where PIN diodes are implemented to tune the metamaterial. With the diodes working in on/off states, the proposed modulator can be, respectively, viewed as a signal‐stop/signal‐pass circuit at the operation frequency. The experimental results validated this method. It is observed that the proposed modulator would operate from 2.51 to 2.57 GHz with 12 dB on‐off isolation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:261–263, 2016
A miniaturized microstrip‐to‐CPW transition based UWB‐BPF with sharp roll‐off and minimum insertion loss
Authors: Ghazali Abu Nasar , Sazid Mohd , Pal Srikanta 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTA novel ultrawideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) based on broadside coupled microstrip‐to‐coplanar waveguide (CPW) transition is proposed. The proposed structure consists of open circuited microstrip lines on the top arranged in back‐to‐back fashion and electromagnetically coupled to a short circuited CPW in the ground via the dielectric. This arrangement generates a smooth UWB having passband insertion loss <0.22 dB in simulation, and two transmission zeros at the lower and upper passband/stopband edges which enhances selectivity. To validate the theory a prototype is fabricated and its measured response tested against simulated data. The simulation and measured response are found to be in good agreement with each other. The proposed structure is quite compact in size measuring only 14.8 × 9.6 mm2. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:289–293, 2016
Enhancing common‐mode suppression in microstrip differential lines by means of chirped and multi‐tuned electromagnetic bandgaps
Authors: Vélez P. , Valero M. , Su L. , Naqui J. , Mata‐Contreras J. , Bonache J. , Martín F. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThis article presents common‐mode suppressed microstrip differential lines based on chirped electromagnetic bandgaps (EBGs). To achieve common‐mode suppression in a wide band, the common‐mode impedance is modulated following a sinusoidal chirping, whereas the differential‐mode impedance is kept unaltered, thus ensuring that the line is transparent for that mode. The result is a differential line exhibiting common‐mode suppression in a band from 2.45 GHz up to 7.37 GHz centered at 5 GHz (98.4% bandwidth). As compared to previous works, based on single tuned or double tuned EBGs, the proposed technique is useful to achieve wider rejection bands for the common mode. Nevertheless, the authors also propose an alternative based on multi‐tuned EBGs, in order to obtain a comparable fractional bandwidth. In both cases, the design procedure is simple, and the ground plane is kept unaltered. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:328–332, 2016
Compact and highly selective dual/tri‐band BPFs using folded T‐shaped stub‐loaded resonators for WLAN and WiMAX applications
Authors: Liang Junge G. , Wang Cong , Kim Nam Young 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTIn this article, a series of dual‐/tri‐band bandpass filters (BPFs) using folded T‐shaped stub‐loaded resonators (TSSLRs) are presented for WLAN and WiMAX applications. The proposed TSSLR is constructed using two λ/4 resonators and a T‐shaped folded stub. A controllable transmission zero will be generated at the desired transition band leading to sharp roll‐off skirts and excellent out‐of‐band suppression by adjusting the length of the folded stub. After combining two or three TSSLRs with flexible feed‐lines, very compact overall sizes of 0.29 λg × 0.16 λg, 0.30 λg × 0.22 λg for dual‐band BPFs and 0.28 λg × 0.19 λg, 0.30 λg × 0.22 λg for tri‐band BPFs can be obtained. The measured results of the two dual‐band BPFs (I and II) show excellent characteristics of low insertion loss of 1.2/0.87 and 0.7/0.77 dB and wide fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 15.3%/24.2% and 28.7%/16.3%, respectively. Insertion losses of the tri‐band BPFs (III and IV) based on simulation results are approximately 0.2 dB and FBWs range from 10.34% to 15.02%, which prove excellent performance and further verify the design method. Furthermore, ultra‐high roll‐off factors of 54 dB and 67.5 dB per 100 MHz have been achieved in simulation results of the tri‐band BPF IV's 1st and 2nd up transition bands, respectively. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:312–319, 2016
A CMOS power amplifier using a split cascode structure to enhance its efficiency
Authors: Sim Yonghun , Kang Inseong , Park Changkun 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTIn this study, we propose a simple technique to enhance the efficiency of RF CMOS power amplifiers in which a cascode structure is utilized. To increase the efficiency in the low‐output‐power region, we split a common gate transistor into two parts. For the low‐output‐power mode, one of the common gate transistors is turned off to reduce the amount of DC power consumed. To verify the feasibility of the proposed split cascode structure, we designed a 2.2‐GHz CMOS power amplifier using the 180‐nm RF CMOS process. With a WCDMA modulated signal, we obtain a maximum‐output power of 23.4 dBm with 20.8% power‐added efficiency (PAE). At an output power of 16 dBm, the PAE is enhanced by the mode change of the designed power amplifier. From the measured results, we successfully verify the feasibility of the proposed split cascode structure for RF CMOS power amplifier applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:309–312, 2016
A 1 × 2 microstrip array with reduced mutual coupling achieved with a cylindrically shaped cloaking‐based surface
Authors: Naqvi Aftab , Khan Muhammad Saeed , Braaten Benjamin D. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA cylindrically shaped surface consisting of microstrip structures is presented in this article as a new technique to reduce the mutual coupling between the elements in a 1 × 2 microstrip patch array. Initially, the surface was simulated in HFSS for functionality, manufactured, and then, the prototype was measured in an anechoic chamber at 3.89 GHz. The surface comprised of a number of 2‐port microstrip (2‐PM) elements interconnected into a cylindrical shape with a radius of 1.02λ to enclose a particular region. Each 2‐PM element had the capability of coupling an incident EM field on the surface and transmitting the field to the adjacent interconnected elements. Then, because the 2‐PM elements were connected in to a cylindrical shape, the incident EM field was re‐radiated from the other interconnected 2‐PM elements in a direction away from the transmitter; achieving a behavior similar to an electromagnetic cloak. Finally, the surface was used to reduce the coupling between two microstrip elements in an array. Overall, simulation and measurement results were in good agreement with each other and were shown to reduce the mutual coupling between the elements by 8.0 dB, and have little effect on the radiation properties of the overall 2‐element array. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:296–301, 2016