bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced expression of the murine HLA-G homolog Qa-2 is associated with malignancy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stemness in breast cancer cells
Authors: da Silva Istéfani L. , Montero-Montero Lucía , Martín-Villar Ester , Martin-Pérez Jorge , Sainz Bruno , Renart Jaime , Toscano Simões Renata , Soares Veloso Émerson , Salviano Teixeira Cláudia , de Oliveira Mônica C. , Ferreira Enio , Quintanilla Miguel 
Published: July 2017

AbstractQa-2 is believed to mediate a protective immune response against cancer; however, little is known about the role of Qa-2 in tumorigenesis. Here, we used 4T1 breast cancer cells to study the involvement of Qa-2 in tumor progression in a syngeneic host. Qa-2 expression was reduced duringin vivotumor growth and in cell lines derived from 4T1-induced tumors. Tumor-derived cells elicited an epithelial-mesenchymal transition associated with upregulation of Zeb1 and Twist1/2 and enhanced tumor initiating and invasive capacities. Furthermore, these cells showed increased stem characteristics, as demonstrated by upregulation of Hes1, Sox2 and Oct3/4, and enrichment of CD44high/CD24median/lowcells. Remarkably, Qa-2 cell-surface expression was excluded from the CD44high/CD24median/lowsubpopulation. Tumor-derived cells showed increased Src activity, and treatment of these cells with the Src kinase inhibitor PP2 enhanced Qa-2 but reduced Sox2 and CD44high/CD24median/lowexpression levels, suggesting that Src signaling, while positively associated with stemness, negatively regulates Qa-2 expression in breast cancer. Finally, overexpression of the Qa-2 family member Q7 on the cell surface slowed downin vivotumor growth and reduced the metastatic potential of 4T1 cells. These results suggest an anti-malignant role for Qa-2 in breast cancer development, which appears to be absent from cancer stem cells.
The Tnfaip8-PE complex is a novel upstream effector in the anti-autophagic action of insulin
Authors: Kim Ji-Soo , Park Jimin , Kim Mi-Sun , Ha Ji-Young , Jang Ye-Won , Shin Dong Hae , Son Jin H. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDefective hepatic autophagy is observed in obesity and diabetes, whereas autophagy is inhibited by insulin in hepatocytes. Insulin-induced anti-autophagy is mediated by non-canonical Gαi3 signaling via an unknown mechanism. Previously, we identified the anti-autophagic activity of Tnfaip8 via activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the nervous system. Here, we demonstrate that insulin temporally induces Tnfaip8, which mediates the anti-autophagic action of insulin through formation of a novel ternary complex including Tnfaip8, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and Gαi3. Specifically, an X-ray crystallographic study of Tnfaip8 from Mus musculus (mTnfaip8) at 2.03 Å together with LC-MS analyses reveals PE in the hydrophobic cavity. However, an mTnfaip8 mutant lacking PE does not interact with Gαi3, indicating that the PE component is critical for the anti-autophagic action of mTnfaip8 via interaction with Gαi3. Therefore, the mTnfaip8-PE complex may act as an essential upstream effector via ternary complex formation most likely with active Gαi3 during insulin-induced anti-autophagy.
Proteinuria Detected by Urine Dipstick Test as a Risk Factor for Atrial Fibrillation: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Lim Woo-Hyun , Choi Eue -Keun , Han Kyung-Do , Rhee Tae-Min , Lee Hyun-Jung , Lee So-Ryoung , Kang Si-Hyuck , Cha Myung-Jin , Oh Seil 
Published: July 2017

AbstractProteinuria is one of the well-known risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However the impact of proteinuria on the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) is unclear. In this study, we investigated the association between proteinuria detected using urine dipstick test and the risk of AF. A total of 18,201,275 individuals were analyzed, who had no prior AF and had received biennial health checkups provided by the National Health Insurance Service between 2005 and 2008 in Korea. Incidences of AF were ascertained through the end of 2015. During a mean follow-up of 9.6 years, a total of 324,764 (1.8%) developed AF (1.86 per 1,000 person-years). In Cox regression models, proteinuria was associated with an increased risk of AF: adjusted HR and 95% CI of AF occurrence were 1.13 (1.10–1.16), 1.34 (1.31–1.38), 1.53 (1.48–1.58), 1.82 (1.71–1.94), and 1.86 (1.61–2.16) in individuals with trace, 1+, 2+, 3+, and 4+ proteinuria, respectively, compared with those without proteinuria. The result was consistent even after additional adjustment for estimated glomerular filtration rate. In addition, the risk of AF further increased or decreased according to the follow-up dipstick test results. Thus, proteinuria measured with a dipstick test might be considered a potent risk factor for AF development.
Shapes of distal tibiofibular syndesmosis are associated with risk of recurrent lateral ankle sprains
Authors: Liu Qingjun , Lin Bin , Guo Zhimin , Ding Zhenqi , Lian Kejian , Lin Dasheng 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDistal tibiofibular syndesmosis (DTS) has wide anatomic variability in depth of incisura fibularis and shape of tibial tubercles. We designed a 3-year prospective cohort study of 300 young physical training soldiers in an Army Physical Fitness School. Ankle computed tomography (CT) scans showed that 56% of the incisura fibularis were a “C” shape, 25% were a “1” shape, and 19% were a “Г” shape. Furthermore, we invited a randomly selected subcohort of 6 participants in each shape of DTS to undergo a three-dimensional (3D) laser scanning. The “1” shape group showed widest displacement range of the DTS in the y-axis, along with the range of motion (ROM) on the position more than 20° of the ankle dorsiflexion, inversion and eversion. During the 3-year study period, 23 participants experienced recurrent lateral ankle sprains. 7 cases of the incisura fibularis were “C” shape, 13 cases were “1” shape, and 3 cases were “Г” shape. The “1” shape showed highest risk among the three shapes in incident recurrent lateral ankle sprains. We propose that it is possible to classify shapes of DTS according to the shapes of incisura fibularis, and people with “1” shape may have more risk of recurrent lateral ankle sprains.
Sustained efficacy of closed loop electrical stimulation for long-term treatment of absence epilepsy in rats
Authors: Kozák Gábor , Berényi Antal 
Published: July 2017

AbstractClosed-loop brain stimulation is a promising alternative to treat drug-resistant epilepsies. In contrast to optogenetic interventions, transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) does not require cellular modification of neurons to be effective, and it is less invasive compared to deep brain stimulation. Furthermore, on-demand TES of targeted brain regions allows the potential for normal function of these networks during interictal periods, a possibility that is eliminated by resective surgical treatment approaches. To further explore the translation of closed-loop TES for treatment of epilepsy, we show here for the first time that unsupervised closed-loop TES in rats can consistently interrupt seizures for 6 weeks and has the potential to control seizure activity up to 4 months (longest periods examined). On-demand TES significantly reduced the time spent in seizure and the individual seizure duration, although significantly higher seizure rate was observed during the treatment. The 6 week long stimulation had no residual adverse effects on the electrophysiologic characteristics of the brain after the termination of the treatment and did not induce glial remodelling in the brain. Our findings demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of minimally invasive, potentially lifelong TES treatment of epilepsy either alone or as a complement to drug treatments.
Clinical Antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Strains with Higher Susceptibility to Environmental Phages than Antibiotic-sensitive Strains
Authors: Chen Li-Kuang , Kuo Shu-Chen , Chang Kai-Chih , Cheng Chieh-Chen , Yu Pei-Ying , Chang Chih-Hui , Chen Tren-Yi , Tseng Chun-Chieh 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAntibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is associated with nosocomial infections worldwide. Here, we used clinically isolated A. baumannii strains as models to demonstrate whether antibiotic resistance is correlated with an increased susceptibility to bacteriophages. In this study, 24 active phages capable of infecting A. baumannii were isolated from various environments, and the susceptibilities of both antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant strains of A. baumannii to different phages were compared. In our study, a total of 403 clinically isolated A. baumannii strains were identified. On average, the phage infection percentage of the antibiotic-resistant A. baumannii strains was 84% (from 81–86%), whereas the infection percentage in the antibiotic-sensitive A. baumannii strains was only 56.5% (from 49–64%). In addition, the risk of phage infection for A. baumannii was significantly increased in the strains that were resistant to at least four antibiotics and exhibited a dose-dependent response (p-trend < 0.0001). Among all of the A. baumannii isolates, 75.6% were phage typeable. The results of phage typing might also reveal the antibiotic-resistant profiles of clinical A. baumannii strains. In conclusion, phage susceptibility represents an evolutionary trade-off in A. baumannii strains that show adaptations for antibiotic resistance, particularly in medical environments that have high antibiotic use.
Decelerated neurodegeneration after intravitreal injection of α-synuclein antibodies in a glaucoma animal model
Authors: Teister J. , Anders F. , Beck S. , Funke S. , von Pein H. , Prokosch V. , Pfeiffer N. , Grus F. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAlthough elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) remains the major risk factor in glaucoma, neurodegenerative processes continue despite effective IOP lowering. Altered α-synuclein antibody (Abs) levels have been reported to play a crucial role. This study aimed at identifying whether α-synuclein Abs are capable to decelerate neuronal decay while providing insights into proteomic changes. Four groups of Sprague Dawley rats received episcleral vein occlusion: (1) CTRL, no intravitreal injection, n = 6, (2) CTRL IgG, intravitreal injection of unspecific IgG, n = 5, (3) Buffer, intravitreal injection of buffer, n = 6, (4), α-synuclein Ab, intravitreal injection of α-synuclein Ab, n = 5. IOP and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) were monitored and immunohistochemistry, microarray and proteomic analysis were performed. RNFLT was reduced in CTRL, CTRL IgG and Buffer group (all p < 0.01) and α-synuclein Ab group (p = 0.17). Axon and RGC density showed an increased neurodegeneration in CTRL, CTRL IgG and Buffer group (all p < 0.01) and increased neuronal survival in α-synuclein Ab group (p = 0.38 and 0.06, respectively) compared with fellow eyes. Proteomic analysis revealed alterations of cofilin 1 and superoxide dismutase 1 expression. This data indicate that α-synuclein Ab might indirectly modulate the actin cytoskeleton organization and negatively regulate apoptotic processes via cofilin 1 and superoxide dismutase 1.
Inactivation Mechanism of Escherichia coli Induced by Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water
Authors: Ye Zhangying , Wang Shuo , Chen Tao , Gao Weishan , Zhu Songming , He Jinsong , Han Zhiying 
Published: July 2017

AbstractFoodborne disease outbreak caused by food microbiological contamination is a serious public health problem. Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW), a new ultra-high effect and wide-spectrum disinfectant that is colourless, odourless, and harmless to humans and the environment, is directly used on food surfaces in Japan and America. However, the underlying inactivation mechanism remains unknown. In this study, biochemical and cellular changes were observed to investigate the bactericidal mechanism of SAEW againstEscherichia coli(E. coli). The results indicated that SAEW with a pH of 6.40, an oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of 910 mV, an available chlorine concentration (ACC) of 60 mg/L, and a volume ratio of 20:1, produced the most effective sterilization action. A fluorescence-based live-dead assay was further used to demonstrate the sterilized effect and the cell esterase activity damage caused by SAEW. During the observation period, within 10 min, the cell morphology changed, which was characterized by cell expansion, cell elongation and increased membrane permeability. Meanwhile, reactive oxygen substances (ROS) were released in the bacterial cells.E. coliinactivation and apoptosis induced by SAEW were observed. Our findings illustrate that the bactericidal effects of SAEW againstE. colioccurred through cellular and biochemical mechanisms of cell necrosis and apoptosis.
Intratympanic Gentamicin for Intractable Ménière's Disease – A Review and Analysis of Audiovestibular Impact
Authors: Yetişer Sertaç 
Published: July 2017

Introduction Intratympanic gentamicin regulates the symptoms in most patients with incapacitating Ménière's disease. The treatment protocols have changed over the years from medical labyrinthectomy to preservation of vestibular function.
Objectives This study aims to review the audiovestibular response related to the effect of the drug in controlling vertigo.
Data Synthesis Articles were identified by means of a search in the PubMed database using the key words Meniere and intratympanic or transtympanic gentamicin. Total 144 articles were reviewed after excluding those that were technical reports, those based on experimental animal studies, those that focused on outcomes other than vertigo (tinnitus or aural fullness), those with delivery methods other than tympanic membrane injection, and those with bilateral cases. If there was more than one article by the same author(s) or institution, only the most recent one matching the aforementioned criteria and those that were not overlapping were included.
Conclusion Titration methods or multiple injections on a daily basis can be preferred if the patients have profound or non-serviceable hearing, since these methods have significant incidence of hearing loss. Treatment protocols with a frequency of injection not shorter than once a week, or those with injections on a monthly basis as “needed” provide the same level of vertigo control with better preservation of hearing. Caloric testing is not an ideal tool to analyze the correlation between vertigo control and the effect of gentamicin as compared with gain asymmetry of the vestibulo-ocular reflex. Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials and the head thrust test are more reliable than other vestibular tests for the follow-up of patients undergoing gentamicin treatment.
Management of Injuries to the Medial Patellofemoral Ligament: A Review
Authors: Mistry Jaydev , Bonner Kevin , Gwam Chukwuweike , Thomas Melbin , Etcheson Jennifer , Delanois Ronald 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is thought to be the most important medial structure providing restraint to lateral subluxation of the patella. After an initial patellar dislocation, the MPFL is frequently injured and can usually be treated with conservative measures. However, these patients often suffer from recurrent dislocations, which thereby necessitate operative intervention. In the setting of normal anatomy and kinematics, isolated reconstruction of the MPFL is an effective treatment for preventing recurrent dislocations. Various surgical techniques have been described, with differences in fixation and graft selection. The treatment of MPFL injuries should aim to provide patellar stabilization and restore normal kinematics throughout the joint. This review will discuss the following: (1) anatomy of the MPFL, (2) presentation and assessment of MPFL injuries, (3) management of patients with MPFL injuries, and (4) complications following MPFL reconstruction.
Approaches to Sedation in Pediatric Neuroimaging: What the Radiologist Should Know
Authors: Fawole Chiagozie , Webber Audra 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a safe and effective imaging technique that avoids exposure to ionizing radiation. The volume of pediatric MRI studies is increasing and with it the number of studies performed with sedation or anesthesia. When sedation or anesthesia are necessary for image acquisition there is an additional layer of complexity and the risks to the patient versus the benefits of imaging must be weighed. The purpose of this review is to describe sedation and anesthesia as it is utilized for MRI. Common techniques and inherent risks are discussed, as are recent controversies in and alternatives to sedation or anesthesia. The importance of collaboration and communication among providers is emphasized along with patient safety.
Neuroimaging of Fetal Infection
Authors: Ederies M. , Robinson Ashley 
Published: July 2017

AbstractInfection during pregnancy is common and the developing fetal brain is vulnerable to vertical transmission due to immaturity of the fetal immune system. Infection is a major cause of multiple organ abnormalities, including the neuraxis, due to the neurotropism of the infectious agents. This review sets out to give an overview of fetal infection, review the general principles of the nature and timing of the infectious insult with respect to outcomes, review the neuroimaging of infection by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and review the various pathogens involved, including the two most common, cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Toxoplasma, and also other common viral and nonviral infections.
Stigmatisierung von erwerbstätigen Patienten mit Brust-, Darm-, Prostata- und Lungenkrebs
Authors: Ernst Jochen , Mehnert Anja , Taubenheim Sabine , Rentsch Anke , Hornemann Beate , Esser Peter 
Published: July 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Stigmatisierung von Patienten mit Krebs kann weitreichende Folgen haben, sowohl für den einzelnen Betroffenen als auch für die Gesellschaft. Quantitative Untersuchungen zur Stigmatisierung von erwerbstätigen Patienten mit Krebs liegen bisher kaum vor. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist die Untersuchung der wahrgenommenen Stigmatisierung von Patienten mit Krebs in Abhängigkeit vom Erwerbsstatus sowie die Beeinflussung wahrgenommener Stigmatisierung durch soziodemografische, krankheits- und berufsbezogene Prädiktoren.
Methoden Im Rahmen einer bizentrischen Studie wurden 858 Patienten mit Brust-, Darm-, Lungen oder Prostatakrebs quantitativ befragt, von denen n=305 erwerbstätig waren und in die Auswertung eingingen (Altersdurchschnitt 55 Jahre, 43% weiblich, 47% Brustkrebs). Als Vergleichsgruppe wird aus unserem Datensatz ein gematchtes Sample nicht-Erwerbstätiger (n=213) herangezogen. Neben Fragen zu arbeits- und gesundheitsbezogenen Aspekten wurde Stigmatisierung mit dem SIS-D erfasst (Social Impact Scale). Die Daten werden uni- und multivariat ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Erwerbstätige, v. a. Patienten mit Prostatakrebs und Brustkrebs, sind in nahezu allen Dimensionen weniger stigmatisiert (p<0,01) als nicht-Erwerbstätige, mit Effektstärken zwischen d=0,35–0,97. Den stärksten Einfluss auf die wahrgenommene Stigmatisierung hat das Merkmal geringe Unterstützung durch den Arbeitgeber, weitere Prädiktoren sind ein schlechter Gesundheitszustand, geringe psychische Arbeitsfähigkeit und Diagnose Brustkrebs (R2 des finalen Modells=0,35).
Schlussfolgerung Die Erwerbstätigkeit von Patienten mit Krebs steht im Zusammenhang mit geringerer wahrgenommener Stigmatisierung. Berufsbezogene Stigmatisierung ist v. a. vom Arbeitsumfeld bzw. der unterstützenden Einstellung des Arbeitgebers abhängig.
Die Freder1k-Studie – Typ-1-Diabetesrisiko früh erkennen
Authors: Hommel Angela 
Published: July 2017

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDer Typ-1-Diabetes wird durch eine immunvermittelte Zerstörung der insulinproduzierenden Betazellen des Pankreas hervorgerufen und ist die häufigste Stoffwechselerkrankung im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Die Inzidenzrate von Typ-1-Diabetes bei Kindern ist steigend. Heute ist eine frühzeitige Einschätzung des Erkrankungsrisikos ebenso wie eine frühzeitige Diagnose des Typ-1-Diabetes durch genetische und immunologische Tests möglich. Damit eröffnet sich die Möglichkeit, Komplikationen zu reduzieren und präventive Maßnahmen anzubieten. In der Freder1k-Studie werden Neugeborene daher begleitend zum regulären Neugeborenenscreening auf ein möglicherweise erhöhtes genetisches Risiko für Typ-1-Diabetes getestet. Um die Diagnose frühzeitig stellen zu können, werden bei Vorliegen eines erhöhten genetischen Risikos die Kinder bis zum 4. Lebensjahr über eine Inselautoantikörper-Testung im Alter von 6 Monaten, 2 und 4 Jahren nachuntersucht. Dabei ist die Freder1k-Studie ein Modellprojekt, das die Grundlage für eine europäische Primärpräventionsstudie des Typ-1-Diabetes schaffen soll.
Welche Stenosen sollten mit einem Bypass versorgt werden?
Authors: Moritz Anton 
Published: July 2017

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDiabetische Patienten bedürfen aufgrund einer differenten Pathophysiologie der koronaren Herzkrankheit, aber auch einer anderen Risikostruktur einer speziellen Indikationsstellung für eine perkutane transluminale Koronarangioplastie (PTCA) oder eine Koronarchirurgie. Anders als bei Patienten mit normalem Metabolismus nehmen sklerotische Gefäße in diesem Patientenkollektiv mit zunehmender Plaquebildung im Durchmesser nicht zu (negatives Remodeling). Zusätzlich kommt es beim Diabetiker häufiger zu Koronarereignissen im Bereich geringer Sklerosen als beim metabolisch gesunden Patienten. Die Leitlinien empfehlen für Menschen mit koronarer Herzkrankheit und Diabetes mellius die Koronarchirurgie, insbesondere dann, wenn eine komplexe Koronarsituation besteht. Dem steht eine dominante Versorgung durch die PTCA in der klinischen Praxis entgegen. Randomisierte Studien und Metaanalyse ergeben einen etwa 30 %igen Überlebensvorteil für die Koronarchirurgie beim Diabetiker. Multiple und insbesondere periphere Anschlüsse auch an kleinen Gefäßen sind die technischen Vorteile der Chirurgie. Zusätzlich protegieren arterielle Transplantate durch eine NO-Protektion das abhängige Gefäßbett.
Insufficient Angiogenesis: Cause of Abnormally Thin Endometrium in Subfertile Patients?
Authors: Alfer Joachim , Happel Lars , Dittrich Ralf , Beckmann Matthias , Hartmann Arndt , Gaumann Andreas , Buck Volker , Classen-Linke Irmgard 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Introduction This study investigated subfertile patients with abnormally thin endometrium after infertility treatment. As they had adequate serum concentrations of hormones, an endometrial factor for subfertility was suspected.
Methods To elucidate the cause of subfertility, endometrial biopsies were taken in each patient in the late proliferative and mid-secretory phases of one menstrual cycle. Endometrial biopsies from women with normal menstrual cycles and confirmed fertility who were undergoing hysterectomy for benign uterine disease were used as positive controls. The tissue samples were investigated for steroid hormone receptor expression and for the proliferation marker Ki-67. Immunohistochemistry was performed with antibodies against the marker molecules for endometrial receptivity – β3 integrin, VEGF, LIF, and CD56 (large granular lymphocytes, LGLs).
Results The steroid hormone receptors for estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P) were expressed normally (at the first biopsy) and were down-regulated (at the second biopsy) within the cycle. Strikingly, all of the marker molecules investigated showed negative or weak and inadequate expression in the mid-secretory phase. Numbers of LGLs remained as low as in the proliferative phase. In contrast, fertile patients were found to express these marker molecules distinctly in the mid-secretory phase.
Conclusions It may be hypothesized that a severe deficiency of these angiogenesis-related marker molecules leads to defective development of the endometrium, which remains thin. Deficient angiogenetic development may thus provide an explanation for the endometrial factor that causes infertility. Further investigations will need to focus on identifying the regulating factors that act between steroid receptor activation and the expression of these marker molecules.