bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RADIO FLARING FROM THE T6 DWARF WISEPC J112254.73+255021.5 WITH A POSSIBLE ULTRA-SHORT PERIODICITY
Authors: Route Matthew , Wolszczan Alexander 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
We present new results from a continuing 5 GHz search for flaring radio emission from a sample of L and T brown dwarfs, conducted with the 305 m Arecibo radio telescope. In addition to the previously reported flaring from the T6.5 dwarf 2MASS J10475385+212423, we have detected and confirmed circularly polarized flares from another T6 dwarf, WISEPC J112254.73+255021.5. Although the flares are sporadic, they appear to occur at a stable period of 0.288 hr. Given the current constraints, periods equal to its second and third subharmonic cannot be ruled out. The stability of this period over the eight-month timespan of observations indicates that, if real, it likely reflects the star’s rapid rotation. If confirmed, any of the three inferred periodicities would be much shorter than the shortest, 1.41 hr, rotation period of a brown dwarf measured so far. This finding would place a new observational constraint on the angular momentum evolution and rotational stability of substellar objects. The detection of radio emission from the sixth ∼1000 K dwarf further demonstrates that the coolest brown dwarfs and, possibly, young giant planets, can be efficiently investigated using radio observations at centimeter wavelengths as a tool.
L’intervention de la Résistance islamique en Syrie : causes, formes et répercussions en termes de mobilisation
Authors: Daher Aurélie 
Published: April 2016

Deux ans après le début de la protestation populaire syrienne contre le régime de Bachar al-Assad, les troupes de la Résistance islamique, organisation militaire mère du Hezbollah libanais, font une entrée, assumée et remarquée, dans le conflit voisin aux côtés de l’armée régulière. Malgré l’objectif déclaré d’aider la dynastie des Assad à se maintenir, cette intervention répond davantage en réalité à une action préventive, pensée dans le sens d’une anticipation des retombées négatives que pourrait provoquer une éventuelle fin du pouvoir du Baath sur les intérêts propres de l’organisation libanaise en Syrie. Critiquée sur la scène interne, notamment par un 14 Mars officiellement hostile au régime syrien, cette intervention a été présentée par de nombreux auteurs comme le déclencheur d’un déclin inévitable du Hezbollah, notamment pour ses répercussions en termes de mobilisation dans son pays d’origine. Pourtant, après plus de trois ans de participation aux combats en territoire syrien, la Résistance islamique et le Hezbollah conservent non seulement toute la confiance de leur communauté, à savoir les chiites du Liban, mais jouissent également, dans l’aventure syrienne, d’un soutien élargi à des pans de la société libanaise qui leur étaient jusqu’alors restés peu favorables.
De battre son cœur s’est arrêté
Authors: Adomnicai Irina 
Published: April 2016

La désorganisation somatique brutale, arrivée dans les conditions de perte effective d’un être cher, chez une patiente encore jeune, confronte sa psychanalyste à des questions de fond autant théoriques que techniques. Le déroulement de la cure, qui présente la particularité de se déployer en institution, notamment à l’Institut de psychosomatique de Paris, met en perspective du jeu transféro-contretransférentiel le fonctionnement spécifique de ces sujets vulnérables qu’on appelle « psychosomatiques ».
Le rôle du manager public dans une démarche de prospective territoriale des métiers : le cas des biomédicaments en Région Centre - Val de Loire
Authors: Brillet Franck , Evon Juliette , Gavoille Franck , Hulin Annabelle 
Published: April 2016

Dans un contexte d’innovation impactant durablement un secteur d’activité, la prospective des métiers représente une démarche à considérer pour anticiper au mieux les évolutions possibles en termes d’emplois et de compétences. Lorsque le secteur impacté est très ancré au sein d’un territoire, une telle démarche doit mobiliser les parties prenantes qui permettront de piloter les actions en lien avec les évolutions. Cet article se propose d’explorer le rôle envisagé du manager public au cœur d’une démarche de prospective des métiers au sein d’un territoire, au travers d’une étude menée en Région Centre-Val de Loire dans le cadre d’un projet d’innovation thérapeutique « Ambition Recherche et Développement 2020 – Biomédicaments ». Nos résultats conduisent à préciser le rôle de traduction qu’est susceptible d’endosser le manager public (Desmarais et Abord de Châtillon, 2010) pour piloter, coordonner les actions de l’ensemble des parties prenantes au sein de son territoire, dans cette démarche de GRH territoriale.
Les représentations de la performance des directeurs d’Etablissements et Services Médico-Sociaux
Authors: Lux Gulliver 
Published: April 2016

Dans le cadre des mouvements de type New Public Management (NPM) de nombreuses organisations du secteur public ou de la délégation de service public ont été contraintes de s’inscrire dans une logique de mesure et d’amélioration des performances. Si nombre de travaux ont étudié le devenir des outils de gestion dans ces organisations peu se sont intéressés aux rapports des acteurs opérationnels de ces organisations avec le concept de performance. Dans le cadre de cet article, nous étudions la représentation de la performance des directeurs d’Établissements et Services Médico-Sociaux du champ du handicap (ESMS). Nous nous appuyons pour cela sur la réalisation de 32 entretiens semi-directifs de directeurs d’établissements médico-sociaux. Nous montrons que le concept de performance est appréhendé de différentes façons par les acteurs des organisations et que ces conceptions peuvent être éloignées des définitions proposées au sein de la littérature académique ou par les pouvoirs publics. Nous identifions ainsi cinq types de représentations de la performance : du rejet total du concept à son acceptation dans une approche multidimensionnelle (financière, organisationnelle, sociale et sociétale). Ces types semblent correspondre à des postures idéologiques parfois divergentes autour de la performance et amènent à réflexion sur le devenir des réformes de type NPM dans les structures médico-sociales.
At High Levels, Constitutively Activated STAT3 Induces Apoptosis of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells
Authors: Rozovski Uri , Harris David M. , Li Ping , Liu Zhiming , Wu Ji Yuan , Grgurevic Srdana , Faderl Stefan , Ferrajoli Alessandra , Wierda William G. , Martinez Matthew , Verstovsek Srdan , Keating Michael J. , Estrov Zeev 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the increment in PBLs is slower than the expected increment calculated from the cells’ proliferation rate, suggesting that cellular proliferation and apoptosis are concurrent. Exploring this phenomenon, we found overexpression of caspase-3, higher cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase levels (p &lt; 0.007), and a higher apoptosis rate in cells from patients with high counts compared with cells from patients with low counts. Although we previously found that STAT3 protects CLL cells from apoptosis, STAT3 levels were significantly higher in cells from patients with high counts than in cells from patients with low counts. Furthermore, overexpression of STAT3 did not protect the cells. Rather, it upregulated caspase-3 and induced apoptosis. Remarkably, putative STAT3 binding sites were identified in the caspase-3 promoter, and a luciferase assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and an EMSA revealed that STAT3 activated caspase-3. However, caspase-3 levels increased only when STAT3 levels were sufficiently high. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation and EMSA, we found that STAT3 binds with low affinity to the caspase-3 promoter, suggesting that at high levels, STAT3 activates proapoptotic mechanisms and induces apoptosis in CLL cells.
The Complement Inhibitor Factor H Generates an Anti-Inflammatory and Tolerogenic State in Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells
Authors: Olivar Rut , Luque Ana , Cárdenas-Brito Sonia , Naranjo-Gómez Mar , Blom Anna M. , Borràs Francesc E. , Rodriguez de Córdoba Santiago , Zipfel Peter F. , Aran Josep M. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The activation of the complement system is a key initiating step in the protective innate immune-inflammatory response against injury, although it may also cause harm if left unchecked. The structurally related soluble complement inhibitors C4b-binding protein (C4BP) and factor H (FH) exert a tight regulation of the classical/lectin and alternative pathways of complement activation, respectively, attenuating the activity of the C3/C5 convertases and, consequently, avoiding serious damage to host tissues. We recently reported that the acute-phase C4BP isoform C4BP lacking the β-chain plays a pivotal role in the modulation of the adaptive immune responses. In this study, we demonstrate that FH acts in the early stages of monocyte to dendritic cell (DC) differentiation and is able to promote a distinctive tolerogenic and anti-inflammatory profile on monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) challenged by a proinflammatory stimulus. Accordingly, FH-treated and LPS-matured MoDCs are characterized by altered cytoarchitecture, resembling immature MoDCs, lower expression of the maturation marker CD83 and the costimulatory molecules CD40, CD80, and CD86, decreased production of key proinflammatory Th1-cytokines (IL-12, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-8), and preferential production of immunomodulatory mediators (IL-10 and TGF-β). Moreover, FH-treated MoDCs show low Ag uptake and, when challenged with LPS, display reduced CCR7 expression and chemotactic migration, impaired CD4+ T cell alloproliferation, inhibition of IFN-γ secretion by the allostimulated T cells, and, conversely, induction of CD4+CD127low/negativeCD25highFoxp3+ regulatory T cells. Thus, this novel noncanonical role of FH as an immunological brake able to directly affect the function of MoDCs in an inflammatory environment may exhibit therapeutic potential in hypersensitivity, transplantation, and autoimmunity.
Neurotensin Promotes the Development of Colitis and Intestinal Angiogenesis via Hif-1α–miR-210 Signaling
Authors: Bakirtzi Kyriaki , Law Ivy Ka Man , Xue Xiang , Iliopoulos Dimitrios , Shah Yatrik M. , Pothoulakis Charalabos 
Published: April 2016

AbstractNeurotensin (NT) via its receptor 1 (NTR1) modulates the development of colitis, decreases HIF-1α/PHD2 interaction, stabilizes and increases HIF-1α transcriptional activity, and promotes intestinal angiogenesis. HIF-1α induces miR-210 expression, whereas miR-210 is strongly upregulated in response to NT in NCM460 human colonic epithelial cells overexpressing NTR1 (NCM460-NTR1). In this study, we examined whether NT activates a NTR1-HIF-1α-miR-210 cascade using in vitro (NCM460-NTR1 cells) and in vivo (transgenic mice overexpressing [HIF-1α-OE] or lacking HIF-1α [HIF-1α-knockout (KO)] in intestinal epithelial cells and mice lacking NTR1 [NTR1-KO]) models. Pretreatment of NCM460-NTR1 cells with the HIF-1α inhibitor PX-478 or silencing of HIF-1α (small interfering HIF-1α) attenuated miR-210 expression in response to NT. Intracolonic 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) administration (2-d model) increased colonic miR-210 expression that was significantly reduced in NTR1-KO, HIF-1α-KO mice, and wild-type mice pretreated intracolonically with locked nucleic acid anti–miR-210. In contrast, HIF-1α-OE mice showed increased miR-210 expression at baseline that was further increased following TNBS administration. HIF-1α-OE mice had also exacerbated TNBS-induced neovascularization compared with TNBS-exposed wild-type mice. TNBS-induced neovascularization was attenuated in HIF-1α-KO mice, or mice pretreated intracolonically with anti–miR-210. Intracolonic anti–miR-210 also reduced colitis in response to TNBS (2 d). Importantly, miR-210 expression was increased in tissue samples from ulcerative colitis patients. We conclude that NT exerts its proinflammatory and proangiogenic effects during acute colitis via a NTR1-prolyl hydroxylase 2/HIF-1α-miR-210 signaling pathway. Our results also demonstrate that miR-210 plays a proinflammatory role in the development of colitis.
TNFR-Associated Factors 2 and 5 Differentially Regulate the Instructive IL-6 Receptor Signaling Required for Th17 Development
Authors: Nagashima Hiroyuki , Okuyama Yuko , Hayashi Takaya , Ishii Naoto , So Takanori 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
IL-17–producing CD4+ T cells (Th17 cells) regulate host defense and immune pathogenesis, and IL-6 plays an important role for the differentiation of Th17 cells. We have previously identified that TNFR-associated factor (TRAF)5 binds to the signal-transducing receptor gp130 through the C-terminal TRAF domain and inhibits Th17 development mediated by IL-6. Although gp130 has TRAF-binding motifs that can be recognized by other TRAF family proteins, it is unclear how TRAFs regulate IL-6–driven Th17 differentiation in general. Using retrovirus-mediated gene complementation and gene silencing approaches, we found that not only TRAF5 but also TRAF2 restrained the IL-6R signaling, whereas TRAF1, TRAF3, TRAF4, and TRAF6 did not. Traf2 silencing further promoted the ability of naive CD4+ T cells from Traf5−/− mice to differentiate into Th17 cells. Notably, TRAF5 but not TRAF2 expressed in naive CD4+ T cells was rapidly downregulated after TCR triggering, which indicates that TRAF5 specifically inhibits instructive IL-6 signals in the initial stage of Th17 development. Collectively, our results demonstrate a dedicated role for TRAF2 and TRAF5 in the process of IL-6–mediated Th17 development and a differential role for TCR signaling in regulation of TRAF2 and TRAF5. Therefore, both TRAF2 and TRAF5 work as important regulators of the IL-6R signaling needed for Th17 development.
Pannexin1 Channels Are Required for Chemokine-Mediated Migration of CD4+ T Lymphocytes: Role in Inflammation and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Velasquez Stephani , Malik Shaily , Lutz Sarah E. , Scemes Eliana , Eugenin Eliseo A. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Pannexin1 (Panx1) channels are large high conductance channels found in all vertebrates that can be activated under several physiological and pathological conditions. Our published data indicate that HIV infection results in the extended opening of Panx1 channels (5–60 min), allowing for the secretion of ATP through the channel pore with subsequent activation of purinergic receptors, which facilitates HIV entry and replication. In this article, we demonstrate that chemokines, which bind CCR5 and CXCR4, especially SDF-1α/CXCL12, result in a transient opening (peak at 5 min) of Panx1 channels found on CD4+ T lymphocytes, which induces ATP secretion, focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation, cell polarization, and subsequent migration. Increased migration of immune cells is key for the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study, we show that genetic deletion of Panx1 reduces the number of the CD4+ T lymphocytes migrating into the spinal cord of mice subjected to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of MS. Our results indicate that opening of Panx1 channels in response to chemokines is required for CD4+ T lymphocyte migration, and we propose that targeting Panx1 channels could provide new potential therapeutic approaches to decrease the devastating effects of MS and other inflammatory diseases.
Variable Major Proteins as Targets for Specific Antibodies against Borrelia miyamotoi
Authors: Wagemakers Alex , Koetsveld Joris , Narasimhan Sukanya , Wickel Melvin , Deponte Kathleen , Bleijlevens Boris , Jahfari Seta , Sprong Hein , Karan Lyudmila S. , Sarksyan Denis S. , van der Poll Tom , Bockenstedt Linda K. , Bins Adriaan D. , Platonov Alexander E. , Fikrig Erol , Hovius Joppe W. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Borrelia miyamotoi is a relapsing fever spirochete in Ixodes ticks that has been recently identified as a human pathogen causing hard tick-borne relapsing fever (HTBRF) across the Northern Hemisphere. No validated serologic test exists, and current serologic assays have low sensitivity in early HTBRF. To examine the humoral immune response against B. miyamotoi, we infected C3H/HeN mice with B. miyamotoi strain LB-2001 expressing variable small protein 1 (Vsp1) and demonstrated that spirochetemia was cleared after 3 d, coinciding with anti-Vsp1 IgM production. Clearance was also observed after passive transfer of immune sera to infected SCID mice. Next, we showed that anti-Vsp1 IgG eliminates Vsp1-expressing B. miyamotoi, selecting for spirochetes expressing a variable large protein (VlpC2) resistant to anti-Vsp1. The viability of Asian isolate B. miyamotoi HT31, expressing Vlp15/16 and Vlp18, was also unaffected by anti-Vsp1. Finally, in nine HTBRF patients, we demonstrated IgM reactivity to Vsp1 in two and against Vlp15/16 in four ∼1 wk after these patients tested positive for B. miyamotoi by PCR. Our data show that B. miyamotoi is able to express various variable major proteins (VMPs) to evade humoral immunity and that VMPs are antigenic in humans. We propose that serologic tests based on VMPs are of additional value in diagnosing HTBRF.
Combined Therapy With Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Ciprofloxacin Against Acute Urogenital Organ Damage in Rat Sepsis Syndrome Induced by Intrapelvic Injection of Cecal Bacteria
Authors: Sung Pei-Hsun , Chiang Hsin-Ju , Chen Chih-Hung , Chen Yi-Ling , Huang Tien-Hung , Zhen Yen-Yi , Chang Meng-Wei , Liu Chu-Feng , Chung Sheng-Ying , Chen Yung-Lung , Chai Han-Tan , Sun Cheuk-Kwan , Yip Hon-Kan 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

We hypothesized that combined treatment with autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADMSC) and ciprofloxacin is superior to ciprofloxacin only in reducing sepsis-induced urogenital organ damage and mortality in rat sepsis syndrome (SS) caused by intrapelvic injection of cecal bacteria (1.0 × 104 cells per milliliter; total, 5.0 ml). Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 60) equally divided into group 1 (sham-control), group 2 (SS), group 3 (SS-ADMSC [5.0 × 105 intravenously at 0.5, 6, and 18 hours after sepsis induction]), group 4 (SS-ciprofloxacin [3.0 mg/kg, b.i.d.] for 5 days), and group 5 (SS-ADMSC-ciprofloxacin) were sacrificed by day 5. Mortality rate and creatinine level were highest in group 2 and lowest in group 1 and significantly higher in groups 3 and 4 than those in group 5, but there was no difference between groups 3 and 4 (all p &lt; .005). The kidney injury score, inflammatory biomarker expressions at protein (tumor necrosis factor-1α, nuclear factor-κB, matrix metallopeptidase-9, regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted, interleukin-1β) and cellular (CD14+, migratory inhibitor factor positive, CD68+) levels in kidneys and urinary bladder were lowest in group 1 and highest in group 2, higher in group 4 than in groups 3 and 5, and higher in group 3 than in group 5 (all p &lt; .001). Protein expressions of apoptosis (Bax, cleaved caspase 3 and poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase 1, p21 protein [Cdc42/Rac]-activated kinase 2) and oxidative stress (oxidized protein, NADPH oxidase (NOX)-1, NOX-2) in these organs showed an identical pattern compared with that of inflammation in all groups (all p &lt; .001). In conclusion, ADMSC-assisted ciprofloxacin therapy offered an additional benefit by reducing acute urogenital organ damage in rat.

Significance
Autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-assisted ciprofloxacin therapy offered an additional benefit by reducing acute urogenital organ damage in rats.
Establishment and Characterization of Primary Human Ovarian Cancer Stem Cell Line (CD44+ve)
Authors: Amoura   Abouelnaga  , Ghada   A.   Mutawa  , Hassan   Abdelghaffar  , Mohamed   Sobh  , Sahar Hamed  , Shaker A. Mousa  
Published: April 2016

Ovarian cancer is ranked as the 7th most lethal cancer worldwide with 239,000 new cases annually. The mortality rate is high because most ovarian tumors are diagnosed at advanced stages and are resistant to chemotherapy and thus incurable due to the lack of effective early detection of ovarian tumors. There is a small sub-population of ovarian tumor cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation into different cancer cell types, called cancer stem cells (CSCs), which might be responsible for cancer relapse. The CD44+ phenotype in ovarian tumor cells elucidates cancer initiating cell-like properties of promoting differentiation, metastasis, and chemotherapy-resistance. Increased expression of genes previously associated with CSCs promotes regenerative capacity by promoting stem cell function that can drive cancer relapse and metastasis. In this study we present a method to isolate the primary epithelial ovarian cancer cells from human solid tumor and establish CD44+ve primary ovarian cancer stem cell (OCSCCD44+ve) line using magnetic microbeads. Also we evaluated the expression of stemness genes Nanog, Sox2, Oct4, and Nestin by real-time qPCR analysis. Thequantitative analysis by real-time qPCRshows that OCSCCD44+ve overexpressed the embryonic stem cell marker genes Nanog, Oct4, Sox2, and Nestin when compared with ovarian cancer cells OCCCD44-ve as positive control and ovarian cells as negative control. We demonstrate that CD44 in malignant ovarian tumors is a critical molecule that exhibits cancer stem cell properties that enhance tumorigenicity and cancer metastasis. Our results provide a better understanding of ovarian CSCs, which is important for future in vivo studies with subsequent target therapy for preclinical studies.
Growth of semipolar

high-indium-content InGaN quantum wells using InGaN tilting layer on Si(001)
Authors: Kushimoto Maki , Honda Yoshio , Amano Hiroshi 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Low-toxity high-In-content InGaN is an attractive option for short-distance communications through plastic optical fibers because its performance is only slightly affected by temperature. However, its fabrication on the c-plane is impaired by In droplets and V pits, which form at low-growth temperature. On the other hand, unlike the c-plane,

InGaN relaxes with tilting. Therefore, in this study, we first grew a high-In-content InGaN single layer, and then we fabricated an InGaN tilting layer between

InGaN-based multiple quantum wells (MQWs) and GaN stripes/(001)Si. The emission wavelength increased with the InGaN tilting layer’s growth time because the strain was relaxed by misfit dislocations at the heterointerface. This layer also extended the emission peak of InGaN/GaN MQWs and increased the photoluminescence intensity with respect to that of a single-layered InGaN. Therefore, the InGaN tilting layer is effective for growing high-In-content

InGaN MQWs.
Preflow trimethylaluminum treatment effect on GaN growth on SiC with an ultrathin interlayer
Authors: Sun Zheng , Nagamatsu Kentaro , Olsson Marc , Song Peifeng , Deki Manato , Nitta Shugo , Honda Yoshio , Amano Hiroshi 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Previously, we reported a growth method for GaN on SiC by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. By using a preflow trimethylaluminum treatment, the poor wetting problem of gallium on the SiC surface was alleviated, resulting in a 1.2-µm-thick crack-free GaN grown on an on-axis 6H-SiC(0001) substrate via an ultrathin AlGaN interlayer. In this study, the impact of the preflow trimethylaluminum treatment time is investigated to understand why a crack-free epilayer was realized. To demonstrate the electrical performance of devices formed by our technique, GaN/SiC vertical Schottky barrier diodes were fabricated and compared with GaN/AlN/SiC and GaN/GaN vertical Schottky barrier diodes. Compared with diodes including a high-resistance AlN interlayer, the series resistance of GaN/SiC Schottky barrier diodes incorporating the ultrathin interlayer with 5 s of TMAl treatment showed a marked reduction from 4.0 × 107 to 2.0 × 10−1 Ω·cm2. The ultrathin interlayer growth technique is expected to be applied in future GaN/SiC hybrid high-power and high-frequency devices.