bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Terminating heat and mass transfer: Graphite‐tailings gelatum coating for polyurethane foam with super flame retardancy and smoke suppression
Authors: Zhan Zhaoshun , Bao Tianyou , Gong Xuzhong , Liu Junhao , Wang Lei , Weng Shihan , Li Lixin , Meng Fanna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEndowing polyurethane foam with high fire resistance and smoke suppression is a persistent challenge in the combustion industry. This study introduces a graphite‐tailings and calcium‐alginate (GT@CA) gelatum coating that terminates the heat and mass transfer process in a flexible polyurethane foam (PUF) matrix with fire resistance and smoke suppression. The PUF/GT@CA‐3 composite exhibits high flame retardancy with a V‐0 rating in the vertical combustion test. Furthermore, GT@CA forms protective and char layers that terminate the heat and mass transfer during thermal degradation, the thermal stability and fire behavior of the PUF/GT@CA composites are markedly optimized. Meanwhile, the smoke production rate and total smoke production of PUF/GT@CA‐3 composite are dramatically reduced to 1.17 × 10−2 m2/s and 2.73 × 10−1 m2, respectively (81.19% and 83.26% lower than those of pure PUF, respectively). Finally, the flame retardant and smoke suppression mechanism of GT@CA in PUF is deduced. The GT@CA competently promotes the char forming process of the PUF matrix while fabricating an impervious protective layer. The char and protective layers on the PUF surface restrain oxygen diffusion, heat diffusion, and micromolecule volatilization processes. Hence, GT@CA is expected to expand the application range of PUF matrixes in the advanced materials field.
Falling behind again? Characterizing and assessing older adults' algorithm literacy in interactions with video recommendations
Authors: Zhang Yuhao , Liu Jiqun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAlgorithms play a significant role in shaping our experiences of interacting with intelligent information systems but also inherit and amplify data biases, potentially leading to unfair decisions or discriminatory outcomes. This motivates us to investigate users' algorithm literacy, which covers the awareness and knowledge of algorithms and the skills to intervene in the operations of personalization algorithms when interacting with recommendation systems. Since vulnerable groups are more likely to suffer from the negative consequences of algorithmic decision‐making, investigating algorithm literacy among such groups is critical. This study aims to examine older adults' algorithm literacy, who are often considered a vulnerable group and labeled as digital laggards in contemporary information society. The empirical evidence collected from 21 participants in in‐depth interviews and cognitive mapping studies demonstrated that almost all participants are algorithm‐aware to some extent and identified (1) three types of information and sources collected by algorithms in user understanding, (2) two paradigms of how respondents understand personalized recommendations, and (3) two sets of strategies they develop to employ algorithms for improving user experience. The findings shed light on designing human‐centered intelligent information systems for unbiased personalization and developing a more inclusive AI‐assisted society that equally benefits people of all ages.
Pregnancy and Long‐Term Postnatal Outcomes of Congenital Sacrococcygeal Teratoma: A Single Institution's 18‐Year Experience
Authors: Mandelbaum Ava D. , Sun Raphael C. , Kim Amanda J. H. , Sohaey Roya , Hakar Melanie , Tavoosi Saharnaz , Ward Lucy , Rincon Monica , Allen Allison J. , Dukhovny Stephanie , Chon Andrew H. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe objective of this study is to evaluate outcomes of fetal sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) from an academic tertiary center.Study DesignThis is a retrospective study evaluating pregnancy and postnatal outcomes of fetal SCT management at a single institution between 2006 and 2023. Results are reported as median (range).ResultsFourteen patients with fetal SCT were studied. Hydrops fetalis occurred in 2 (14.3%) cases. Pregnancy course included expectant management in 12 (85.7%) and palliative preterm induction in 1 patient (7.1%). Indications for delivering timing included fetal deterioration in 7 patients (50%), preeclampsia in 3 (21.4%), elective induction of delivery in 3 (21.4%), and preterm labor in 1 (7.1%). Delivery GA was 36.4 weeks (26.4–40.1 weeks), with 11 (78.5%) cesareans and 3 (21.4%) vaginal deliveries. There were 13 (92.9%) live births and 11 (78.6%) long‐term survivors. Postnatal resection pathology demonstrated 7 (53.8%) mature, 3 (23.1%) immature, and 3 (23.1%) malignant SCTs. Of the 11 long‐term survivors, 3 (27.3%) had teratoma recurrences, including 2 (18.2%) with metastatic disease requiring chemotherapy. Notable long‐term complications involved gastrointestinal (n = 7, 63.6%), genitourinary (n = 4, 36.4%), and musculoskeletal (n = 2, 18.2%) systems.ConclusionSCT confers significant morbidity to both the pregnant patient and neonate. Multidisciplinary prenatal and postnatal care is needed to comprehensively manage this complex condition.
Sociodemographic trends in special educational needs identification in Wales
Authors: Knight Cathryn , Lowthian Emily , Crick Tom , Jones Carys , Rawlings Anna , Abbasizanjani Hoda , Rees Sarah 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn the context of an emerging new additional learning needs (ALN) system in Wales, this research explores who was likely to be identified with special educational needs (SEN) under the previous system. Our study reveals analysis of linked Welsh education and health data on SEN identification in learners in mainstream education settings born between 2002/3 and 2008/9. Using longitudinal multilevel modelling, we explore (i) who is likely identified with SEN and (ii) whether there is evidence of social patterning in SEN identification. We find that 48% of those born in the year 2002/3 were identified with SEN at some point during their schooling years. Furthermore, when controlling for health‐related variables, those who are identified with SEN in Wales were more likely to be male, White, from a deprived background, with lower school attendance, had not experienced breastfeeding and were born later in the academic year. Taken together, the research findings suggest that SEN identification was influenced by a child's context. The study thus underscores the critical importance of examining the relationship between socioeconomic, environmental and biological factors in SEN identification, urging for a comprehensive and cross‐organisation approach to enhance outcomes for learners with diverse needs. It also highlights the need for follow‐up research to explore unfolding trends as the new ALN system in Wales becomes fully implemented and integrated over the coming years.
Uncovering the Potential of Chalcone‐Sulfonamide Hybrids: A Systematic Review on Their Anticancer Activity and Mechanisms of Action
Authors: Souza Jéssica Maria Teles , Silva Stéphanie Aguiar de Negreiros Matos , Rocha Rebeca Barbosa da , Machado Fabrício dos Santos , Marinho Filho José Delano Barreto , Araújo Ana Jérsia 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and is considered a major public health problem. Despite the significant advances in cancer research, the conventional cancer treatment approaches often lead to serious side effects that affect the quality of life of cancer patients. Thus, searching for new alternatives for cancer treatment is crucial to minimize these problems. Chalcone‐sulfonamide hybrids display a range of biological activities and have been widely investigated for their anticancer potential, being considered promising molecules for cancer treatment. This systematic review aimed to summarize the information available in the literature about the anticancer potential of chalcones‐sulfonamides in vitro and in vivo and their mechanisms of action. Our analysis demonstrated that chalcones‐sulfonamides have relevant cytotoxic potential against different cancer cell lines in vitro, especially against the human colorectal carcinoma cell line HCT‐116. These molecules have also reduced tumor growth in vivo. Some chalcones‐sulfonamides had improved cytotoxicity after chemical modification and could become more selective or even more potent than reference chemotherapeutics. The mechanisms underlying these effects demonstrated that chalcones‐sulfonamides may lead to cell death by different pathways, predominantly via apoptosis or necroptosis. This review may encourage researchers to advance studies with chalcones‐sulfonamides, especially to elucidate their mechanisms of action, contributing to the development of new alternatives to cancer treatment.
Impacts of P4‐ATPase Deletion on Membrane Asymmetry and Disease Development
Authors: Li Xinyu , Li Shuzhen , Zhang Weipu , Wang Qi , Zou Wei 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPhospholipids exhibit an asymmetrical distribution on the cell membrane. P4‐ATPases, type IV lipid flippases, are responsible for establishing and maintaining this phospholipid compositional asymmetry. The essential β subunit CDC50 (also known as TMEM30) assists in the transport and proper functioning of P4‐ATPases. Deletion of P4‐ATPases and its β subunit disrupts the membrane asymmetry, impacting the growth and development and leading to various diseases affecting the nervous, skeletal muscle, digestive, and hematopoietic systems. This review discusses the crucial roles of P4‐ATPases and their β subunit in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Arabidopsis thaliana, Caenorhabditis elegans, and mammals, offering valuable insights for future research.
Binding Mode of Cyclic Chemerin‐9 Peptide and ChemerinS157 Protein at CMKLR1
Authors: Schermeng Tina , Liessmann Fabian , Katharina Ambrosius Carla , Meiler Jens , Beck‐Sickinger Annette G. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe chemokine‐like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) is activated by the adipokine and chemoattractant protein chemerin. Cryo‐EM structures of chemerin‐9‐CMKLR1‐Gi have been published, where chemerin‐9 is the nonapeptide of the C terminus of chemerinS157. Chemerin‐9 is as active as the full‐length protein in Ca2+‐release but shows differences in equilibrium read‐outs. An equally potent cyclic chemerin‐9 variant (cC9) was reported previously. Now, we have built a computational model of CMKLR1 to investigate the binding mode of cC9 and chemerinS157 in comparison to chemerin‐9. Differences were investigated using CMKLR1 variants. Double‐mutant cycle analysis identified CMKLR1‐F2.53 as the relevant position for Phe8‐binding of cC9. Energy contribution revealed slight differences in Phe8‐binding to CMKLR1‐F2.53 and space for larger residues. This was confirmed as the chemerin‐9 variant with 1‐naphthyl‐L‐alanine at position 8 showed a 4‐fold increased potency of 2 nM (pEC50=8.6±0.15). While chemerin‐9 and cC9 share their interactions at the CMKLR1, chemerinS157 tolerates most mutations of CMKLR1 in the deep binding site. The computational model of chemerinS157 suggests a β‐sheet interaction between the N‐terminal CMKLR1‐segment I25VVL28 and the β‐sheet D108KVLGRLVH116 of ChemS157, which was confirmed experimentally. Our data add to the knowledge by identifying the binding mode of chemerinS157 and cC9 at CMKLR1, facilitating the future structure‐based drug design.
“Single‐cell multimodal chromatin profiles revealing epigenetic regulations of cells in hepatocellular carcinoma”
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Beck Samuel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with its increasing prevalence globally, is emerging as a major health challenge. Hepatocellular carcinoma cells exhibit both significant homogeneity and heterogeneity, governed by complex epigenomic regulations. Recently, numerous single‐cell unimodal techniques have been used to study HCC at various levelswhich have already revealed a complex interplay at genomic, transcriptomic, spatial and epigenomic levels. However, the use of single‐cell multimodal techniques combining different unimodal layers in HCC remains quite limited, necessitating further studies focusing on these methods to uncover novel markers, and mechanisms at epigenetic levels. In this commentary, we highlight how integrating multimodal approaches with epigenetic modifications can provide new insights into HCC and foster future therapeutic advancements.
New S‐substituted‐3‐phenyltetrahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4(3H)‐one scaffold with promising anticancer activity profile through the regulation and inhibition of mutated B‐RAF signaling pathway
Authors: Seif Safaa E. , Wardakhan Wagnat W. , Hassan Rasha A. , Abdou Amr M. , Mahmoud Zeinab 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNovel 3‐phenyltetrahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized and screened for their antiproliferative activity against a panel of 60 cancer cell lines. Derivatives 5b, 5f, and 9c showed significant antitumor activity at a single dose with mean growth inhibition of 55.62%, 55.79%, and 71.40%, respectively. These compounds were further investigated against HCT‐116, colon cancer cell line, and FHC, normal colon cell line. Compound 9c showed the highest activity with IC50 = 0.904 ± 0.03 µM and SI = 20.42 excelling doxorubicin which scored IC50 = 2.556 ± 0.09 µM and SI = 6.19. Compound 9c was also the most potent against B‐RAFWT and mutated B‐RAFV600E with IC50 = 0.145 ± 0.005 and 0.042 ± 0.002 µM, respectively in comparison with vemurafenib with IC50 = 0.229 ± 0.008 and 0.038 ± 0.001 µM, respectively. The cell cycle analysis showed that 9c increased the cell population and induced an arrest in the cell cycle of HCT‐116 cancer cells at the G0‐G1 stage with 1.23‐fold. Apoptosis evaluation showed that compound 9c displayed an 18.18‐fold elevation in total apoptosis of HCT‐116 cancer cells in comparison to the control. Compound 9c increased the content of caspase‐3 by 3.52‐fold versus the control. A molecular modeling study determined the binding profile and interaction of 9c with the B‐RAF active site.
How Do Different Growth Forms of Winter Submerged Macrophytes Species Respond to Underwater Light Quality in a Mesocosm Study?
Authors: Lin Xiaowen , Wu Xiaodong , Ge Xuguang , Zhong Chenxin , Xiang Zian , Yao Ye , Zhang Lishuai , Li Sizhuo 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTUnderwater light is a key factor that affects the growth of submerged macrophytes. However, the responses of different growth forms of submerged macrophytes to light quality remain unclear. The morphological, physiological, photosynthetic, and stoichiometric responses of erect Potamogeton crispus (P. crispus) and low‐canopy Elodea nuttallii (E. nuttallii) to six different light qualities (white light, R/B = 1:8, 1: 4, 1:1, 4:1, 8:1) were studied by a control experiment. (1) No significant differences were observed in the germination number, leaf length, and leaf width of P. crispus under different light qualities (p > 0.05). Both P. crispus and E. nuttallii produced greater plant heights, more leaves and branches under more red light (4:1, 8:1), which was beneficial for the extension of leaves. Under white light, the germination number of P. crispus, adventitious roots of E. nuttallii, and branch number of P. crispus and E. nuttallii were the lowest. (2) Compared to red light, more blue light (1:4, 1:8) was more conducive to the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments. However, excessive blue and red light was not conducive to the accumulation of pigments. The result of malondialdehyde showed that the physiological stress induced by blue light in P. crispus and E. nuttallii was stronger. (3) The N:P, C:N, and C:P ratios of P. crispus and E. nuttallii were higher under more red light, which was beneficial for the synthesis of nutrients in two submerged macrophy; however, the contents of TN and TP in E. nuttallii were higher under more blue light. Two different growth forms of submerged macrophytes grew better under red light, and better adapted to the eutrophic water dominated by red light. However, for aquatic restoration, other submerged macrophytes need to be supplemented after the water quality is improved.
Decadal Changes in Population Structures of Rare Oak Species Quercus chungii
Authors: Zhong Xueer , Li Wenbin , Li Zhenji , Huang Yonghui , Chen Xinfeng , Huang Lihan , Wang Ya , Chen Yuxin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTQuercus chungii, a rare and endangered endemic tree species, is found exclusively in subtropical regions of China. Understanding the population structure and temporal dynamics of Q. chungii is pivotal for effective conservation and restoration of its populations and associated ecosystems. However, large knowledge gaps remain about its population structure and temporal change and its key demographic rates across size classes. In this study, we investigated the population structures of Q. chungii in 2013 and 2023 in a nature reserve specifically established to better conserve this species and its associated ecosystems. We found that Q. chungii increased in its overall abundance and tree size in the past decade, suggesting active regeneration and a rapid growth rate for this species and the effectiveness of past conservation efforts. The age structure in 2023 showed a pyramid shape, with a sharp decline in the numbers of individuals from germinated seeds to seedlings and from seedlings to saplings. These led to the low numbers of seedlings and saplings and high age‐specific death probabilities at the early developmental stages. These results indicated potential risks of future population decline. These risks may have already manifested over the past decade, as a high mortality rate during the seedling‐to‐sapling transition could be one of the primary reasons contributing to the decreased proportion of saplings in 2023 compared to 2013. We propose that future studies may benefit from in‐depth studies on the regeneration processes of Q. chungii by considering seed predation and germination under changing climate. This study improves the prediction of population development of Q. chungii, thereby offering theoretical guidance essential for its conservation.
A Chromium Catalytic System for the Synthesis of Aryl‐Substituted 1,3,5‐Triazines and Pyrimidines by Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling
Authors: Feng Baojin , Yue Wantong , Wei Dongyue , Chen Qing , Liu Chuanqi , Wang Xiaoqian , Wang Yilei , Peng Zhihua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA novel and highly efficient method for the synthesis of 2,4,6‐triaryl‐1,3,5‐triazines and 2,4,6‐trisubstituted pyrimidines from amidines and alcohols has been established. Using an Earth‐abundant and air‐stable chromium salt catalyst and a phosphine‐free ligand, the developed Cr‐catalyzed acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling provides 1,3,5‐triazines and pyrimidines with high yields and good functional group tolerance. Moreover, the synthetic value of this operationally simple protocol was demonstrated by gram‐scale experiment and the synthesis of the linker to construct various supramolecular complexes.
Optimization strategy of triboelectric nanogenerators for high humidity environment service performance
Authors: Yin Xichen , Chen Zhou , Chen Hui , Wang Qing , Chen Qian , Wang Cheng , Ye Chaoyue 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWith triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) introduced in 2012, they have emerged in the fields of flexible wearable electronics, portable energy, Internet of Things (IoTs), and biomedicine by virtue of their lightweight, high‐energy conversion, low cost, and material selectivity. However, as the application areas of TENGs increase, ambient humidity and human movement generate sweat and moisture that can lead to a decrease in output, so exploring how TENGs operate in high humidity environments is critical to their long‐term development. In this paper, different strategies are introduced to enhance TENGs in high humidity environments, such as encapsulation, construction of hydrophobic/superhydrophobic surfaces, and hydrogen bonding enhancement, and discuss the applications of humidity‐resistant TENGs in fields such as self‐powered sensors, energy harvesters, and motions, and so forth. Finally, we explore the future directions and routes for the development of humidity‐resistant TENGs.image
Recovery of electrical power from exhaust air—role of vertical axis wind turbine
Authors: Banerjee Soumyadip , Maity Tanmoy 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article explores the potential of regeneration of power from unnatural wind sources with the help of vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT). Researchers are searching for urban as well as industrial wind sources, which can be useful as the natural wind source to obtain electrical energy and utilize it. The wind sources considered here are the exhaust of the cooling or ventilation fans used in buildings, industries, and other places. The Darrieus VAWT extracts wind power from the exhaust air and reduces the power consumption of the concerned electrical drives. These uncommon energy sources have an inherent capability to recover a significant amount of energy without polluting the environment with less payback period. Recovered energy can be suitably converted into electrical energy and may be fed back to the power grid without any pollution, thus minimizing the total energy consumption of the building and reducing the cost operations. A detailed study of experimental models with different types of assembly and turbine models is conducted here with power outputs and operational behaviors on the existing systems. Various parameters and factors for existing and new applications are in detail that show the system has no negative impact on regular operation.
Bonding and parent‐child quality of interaction in parents with eating disorder: A scoping review
Authors: Martini Maria Giulia , Yim See Heng , Eisler Ivan , Micali Nadia , Schmidt Ulrike 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo summarise existing evidence on bonding and parent‐child quality of interaction in parents with eating disorder (ED).MethodsA scoping review was conducted. Seven databases (PsycInfo, Embase, Medline, Pubmed, OpenGrey, ProQuest and Google Scholar) were examined and studies exploring research into bonding and quality of interaction in parents with ED were included.ResultsSeventeen quantitative studies were included in the review. Reviewed literature suggests that parents with ED tend to be more intrusive, may exhibit more negative expressed emotions and may be involved in higher levels of mealtime conflicts during mealtimes. Additionally, they may be less sensitive and may offer less structured in non‐feeding interactions. Children of parents with ED may have a more difficult temperament, may display greater internalisation and externalisation problems, may be less responsive to their parents and exhibit more behavioural difficulties.ConclusionOverall, we found that parents with ED are more likely to have difficulties during interactions with children, compared with controls, both in feeding and non‐feeding contexts which might impact children's mental health. Proposals for future research are suggested to enhance our understanding of the intergenerational transmission of ED, holding the potential to pinpoint therapeutic and preventative targets for both parents with ED and their children.