bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Tool to Tackle the Opioid Epidemic: Description, Utility, and Results from the Maine Diversion Alert Program
Authors: Piper Brian J. , Desrosiers Clare E. , Fisher Harriet C. , McCall Kenneth L. , Nichols Stephanie D. 
Published: May 2017

Study ObjectiveThe opioid epidemic continues to impact the United States, and new strategies are needed to combat this epidemic. The objective of this study was to analyze 2015 drug arrest data from Maine's Diversion Alert (DA) program (diversionalert.org), compare arrest data between the first quarters of 2015 and 2016, and provide an analysis of the sex differences in the arrests as well as information about DA use.Study DesignThis was a population‐based descriptive study using data from the Maine DA program. The study population consisted of persons arrested for prescription, nonprescription, or illicit drugs.Data SourceDA database.Measurements and Main ResultsThe DA program addresses Maine's prescription drug abuse epidemic with innovative resources that provide access to drug arrest data for health care providers to identify and respond to patients at risk for overdose, those engaged in illegal prescription drug distribution, and those who need treatment. Drug arrest data from 2015 (2723 arrests) and the first quarter of 2016 (788 arrests) were compared and analyzed. The drugs implicated in the arrests were organized by Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) schedule category and whether they were pharmaceuticals (synthesized and distributed by a pharmaceutical company) or nonpharmaceuticals (grown or synthesized in clandestine laboratories). Most arrests were for possession (64.5%) followed by trafficking (23.8%). Heroin was listed in more than three‐quarters (76.4%) of the Schedule I arrests, followed by marijuana (11.7%) and “bath salts” (6.3%). Cocaine and crack cocaine were implicated in almost half (46.7%) of the Schedule II arrests, followed by oxycodone (21.0%) and methamphetamine/amphetamine (15.8%). Buprenorphine was responsible for almost all (96.7%) of the Schedule III arrests. The benzodiazepines alprazolam (34.3%), clonazepam (33.8%), diazepam (11.9%), and lorazepam (8.5%) were listed in the preponderance of the Schedule IV arrests. Arrests increased in 2016 by 49.2% for heroin (p<0.01) and 170.0% for methamphetamine (p≤0.0005) relative to 2015. Arrests for trafficking increased by 42.9% (p<0.05). Males outnumbered females 2:1 in DA. Schedule IV agents accounted for only 6.8% of arrests for males versus 11.5% for females (p≤0.0001). Conversely, Schedule I agents were implicated in 33.0% of arrests for males versus only 27.3% for females (p<0.005).ConclusionDA is an important tool for providing timely information for health care providers regarding individuals with a history of past misuse of psychotherapeutic agents, particularly opioids and stimulants.
Losing the breast: A meta‐synthesis of the impact in women breast cancer survivors
Authors: Sun Lingshan , Ang Emily , Ang Wei How Darryl , Lopez Violeta 
Published: May 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo summarise qualitative studies exploring the impact of losing the breast in women breast cancer survivors.MethodsWe identify, appraise, and synthesise 12 qualitative studies from 2000 to 2015. Quality appraisal of the studies was examined using the Critical Appraisal Skill Programme Checklist and Sandelowski and Barroso's step to synthesise the findings.ResultsThe age of women in these studies ranged from 30 to 77 years. Losing the breast was regarded as disfigurement resulting in a discrepancy between self and societal image of a woman. Two themes were identified: (1) changes in identity and (2) coping with the changes in identity. The findings showed that women breast cancer survivors experienced both negative and positive impact of losing the breast; however, women were able to cope the changes in identity and live with the discrepancy.ConclusionsThe perceptions of losing the breast were filled with contradictions, tensions, and uncertainties while negotiating the discrepancy between the “self and body” and the societal expectations of femininity and womanhood. There is a need to develop personalised care plan for women who are going for mastectomy who may have high risk of developing negative perceptions of losing the breast and continue to support those women who have more positive perceptions of losing the breast.
Exhaled nitric oxide, pulmonary function, and disease activity in children with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Deerojanawong Jitladda , Leartphichalak Pitchaya , Chanakul Ankanee , Sritippayawan Suchada , Samransamruajkit Rujipat 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAimTo determine the association among fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), pulmonary function, and disease activity in children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsChildren aged 7–18 years, diagnosed with SLE under the criteria of the American Rheumatism Association (revised 2012), were enrolled. All eligible participants had disease activity, FENO, and pulmonary function evaluated and re‐evaluated at 6‐month follow‐up.ResultsTwenty‐four children (95.8% female; mean age 15.2 ± 2 years; median disease duration 2.4 years) were studied. The mean FENO1 and FENO2 were 19.6 ± 7.2 parts per billion (ppb) and 17.4 ± 4.5 ppb, respectively. At baseline, 20.8% had abnormal pulmonary functions (all restrictive defects) and increased to 29.2% at follow‐up (isolated restrictive defect 25% and restrictive with diffusion defect 4.2%). Most of their disease activities at baseline and second assessment were non‐active (58.3%, 70.8%) or mild disease activities (20.8% both). There was significant correlation between FENO and disease activity (r = 0.49; P‐value = 0.02). The significant negative correlation between total lung capacity (TLC) and disease activity was detected in children with active SLE (r = −0.71; P‐value = 0.02).ConclusionDecreased TLC and high FENO were common in SLE children who had no respiratory symptoms and correlated with disease activity. FENO should be considered as an additional pulmonary function to evaluate disease activity in children with SLE.
T‐type voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels do not contribute to the negative feedback regulation of myogenic tone in murine superior epigastric arteries
Authors: Mullan Brendan , Pettis Jessica , Jackson William F. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractT‐type voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels (CaV3.2 VGCC) have been hypothesized to control spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs) through large‐conductance Ca2+‐activated K+ channels (BKCa), and contribute to the negative‐feedback regulation of myogenic tone. We tested this hypothesis in superior epigastric arteries (SEAs) isolated from male C57BL/6 mice. SEAs were isolated and enzymatically dissociated to obtain single smooth muscle cells (SMCs) for whole‐cell recording of paxilline‐sensitive (PAX, 1 μmol/L) STOCs at −30 mV, or cannulated and studied by pressure myography (80 cm H2O, 37°C). The CaV3.2 blocker Ni2+ (30 μmol/L) had no effect on STOC amplitude (20.1 ± 1.7 pA vs. 20.6 ± 1.7 pA; n = 12, P = 0.6), but increased STOC frequency (0.79 ± 0.15 Hz vs. 1.21 ± 0.22 Hz; n = 12, P = 0.02). Although Ni2+ produced concentration‐dependent constriction of isolated, pressurized SEAs (logEC50 = −5.8 ± 0.09; Emax = 72 ± 5% constriction), block of BKCa with PAX had no effect on vasoconstriction induced by 30 μmol/L Ni2+ (in the absence of PAX = 66 ± 4% constriction vs. in the presence of 1 μmol/L PAX = 65 ± 4% constriction; n = 7, P = 0.06). In contrast to Ni2+, the nonselective T‐type blocker, mibefradil, produced only vasodilation (logEC50 = −6.9 ± 0.2; Emax = 74 ± 8% dilation), whereas the putative T‐type blocker, ML218, had no significant effect on myogenic tone between 10 nmol/L and 10 μmol/L (n = 6–7, P = 0.59). Our data do not support a role for CaV3.2 VGCC in the negative‐feedback regulation of myogenic tone in murine SEAs and suggest that Ni2+ may constrict SEAs by means other than block of CaV3.2 VGCC.
Genetic variation within species and haplotypes of the Wiseana (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) complex and development of non‐sequenced based identification tools to aid field studies
Authors: Richards Nicola K , Mansfield Sarah , Townsend Richard J , Ferguson Colin M 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDPorina is the common name used to describe moths and caterpillars of the seven endemic species and three haplotypes of Wiseana in New Zealand. Several species have adapted to eating introduced pasture plants; however, a paucity of defining morphological characteristics has meant that porina are grouped as indistinguishable species within a complex. This study aimed to develop non‐sequencing identification methods for porina species.RESULTSWe sequenced 1718 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase genes for all Wiseana species and haplotypes using 75 specimens collected from 42 sites throughout New Zealand. Two identification methods were developed; the high‐resolution melt method uses 106 bp of the cytochrome oxidase I gene, and the restriction fragment polymorphism method uses a larger 700 bp region from the same gene. Validation was performed on a further 275 specimens. Melt curve profiles varied more with population heterogeneity than digest results. In both methods, W. mimica and W. jocosa were inseparable. W. fuliginea grouped with W. mimica and W. jocosa in the restriction method, but the melt curve profile differed.CONCLUSIONUntil now, ecological studies of porina at the species level have been implausible. Our non‐sequencing based methods allow rapid identification of moths and caterpillars to species and haplotype level, paving the way for ecological studies of pasture pest species and the development of species‐specific mitigation strategies. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Delay‐dependent fault‐tolerant controller for time‐delay systems with randomly occurring uncertainties
Authors: Sakthivel Rathinasamy , Sakthivel Ramalingam , Selvaraj Palanisamy , Karimi Hamid Reza 
Published: May 2017

SummaryThis paper addresses the passivity‐based
control problem for a class of time‐varying delay systems subject to nonlinear actuator faults and randomly occurring uncertainties via fault‐tolerant controller. More precisely, the uncertainties are described in terms of stochastic variables, which satisfies Bernoulli distribution, and the existence of actuator faults are assumed not only linear but also nonlinear, which is a more general one. The main objective of this paper is to design a state feedback‐reliable controller such that the resulting closed‐loop time‐delay system is stochastically stable under a prescribed mixed
and passivity performance level γ>0 in the presence of all admissible uncertainties and actuator faults. Based on Lyapunov stability method and some integral inequality techniques, a new set of sufficient conditions is obtained in terms of linear matrix inequality (LMI) constraints to ensure the asymptotic stability of the considered system. Moreover, the control design parameters can be computed by solving a set of LMI constraints. Finally, two examples including a quarter‐car model are provided to show the efficiency and usefulness of the proposed control scheme. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Supervisory control of DC‐DC bidirectional converter for advanced aeronautic applications
Authors: Cavallo Alberto , Canciello Giacomo , Guida Beniamino 
Published: May 2017

SummaryIn this paper, a sliding manifold‐based control strategy is used for controlling a bidirectional DC‐DC converter for aeronautic applications. The proposed design follows a 2‐level strategy, where low‐level controllers are designed first, then a high‐level supervisor is used for scheduling the low‐level controllers. Different from previous approaches, each of the low‐level controlled system is a globally exponentially stable closed‐loop system, thus resulting into simpler conditions for the stability of the overall system. Moreover, stability of the supervisory strategy is rigorously proved by using a suitable Lyapunov function. Finally, a switching implementation is also considered. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed strategy is shown by detailed simulations in Matlab/Stateflow/SymPowerSystem.
Pilot study of safety and feasibility of DNA microseeding for treatment of spontaneous canine melanoma
Authors: Zuleger Cindy L. , Kang Chulhi , Ranheim Erik A. , Kurzman Ilene D. , Macklin Michael D. , Newton Michael A. , Wolchok Jedd D. , Vail David M. , Eriksson Elof , Albertini Mark R. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSpontaneous canine malignant melanoma provides an excellent pre‐clinical model to study DNA vaccines for melanoma immunotherapy. A USDA‐approved xenogeneic human tyrosinase (huTYR) plasmid DNA vaccine delivered intramuscularly induces detectable immune responses and has clinical activity in some dogs with melanoma. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety and immunogenicity of huTYR plasmid DNA administered to the skin via microseeding in dogs with spontaneous melanoma. DNA microseeding utilizes a modified tattooing device as an alternate and potentially more potent delivery method for DNA immunization. DNA was delivered to shaved inner thigh skin of six companion dogs with melanoma approximately every 14 days for a planned total of four vaccination time points. An anti‐huTYR ELISA was used to test pre‐ and post‐treatment sera. Biopsies of treated skin were obtained for detection of huTYR transgene expression. DNA microseeding was well tolerated with no significant toxicity detected beyond local site irritation, and there were no signs of autoimmunity. huTYR‐expressing cells were observed in biopsies of huTYR DNA microseeding sites. Increased humoral anti‐huTYR antibodies were seen in two of five evaluable dogs following microseeding compared to baseline. DNA microseeding is well tolerated in companion dogs with melanoma. Further investigation is needed to determine if combining DNA microseeding with other immunotherapy regimens potentiates this delivery platform for cancer immunotherapy.
The best models of metabolism
Authors: Voit Eberhard O. 
Published: May 2017

Biochemical systems are among of the oldest application areas of mathematical modeling. Spanning a time period of over one hundred years, the repertoire of options for structuring a model and for formulating reactions has been constantly growing, and yet, it is still unclear whether or to what degree some models are better than others and how the modeler is to choose among them. In fact, the variety of options has become overwhelming and difficult to maneuver for novices and experts alike. This review outlines the metabolic model design process and discusses the numerous choices for modeling frameworks and mathematical representations. It tries to be inclusive, even though it cannot be complete, and introduces the various modeling options in a manner that is as unbiased as that is feasible. However, the review does end with personal recommendations for the choices of default models. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2017, 9:e1391. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1391This article is categorized under:

Analytical and Computational Methods > Dynamical Methods
Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Mechanistic Models
Biological Mechanisms > Metabolism
Isolation of Non‐methylene Interrupted or Acetylenic Fatty Acids from Seed Oils Using Semi‐preparative Supercritical Chromatography
Authors: Montañés Fernando , Tallon Stephen , Catchpole Owen 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPreparative scale supercritical fluid chromatography was used for isolating and purifying uncommon non‐methylene interrupted or acetylenic polyunsaturated fatty acids ethyl esters from seed oils. Fractionation of Biota orientalis seed oil ethyl esters was performed by supercritical fluid chromatography to obtain juniperonic acid [(5Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)‐eicosa‐5,11,14,17‐tetraenoic acid], a non‐methylene interrupted polyunsaturated fatty acid. Fractionation of sandalwood seed oil ethyl esters yielded ximenynic acid [(E)‐octadec‐11‐en‐9‐ynoic acid], an acetylenic polyunsaturated fatty acid. The effects of CO2 flow rate, column stationary phase and particle size were explored to optimize ximenynic and juniperonic ethyl ester recovery and purity from ethyl ester mixtures using online UV/Vis detection. Particle size, followed by the stationary phase, were found to be the most important parameters to achieving good separation. Under optimized conditions, ximenynic and juniperonic ethyl ester purities greater than 99 and 95%, respectively, were achieved in a one step process without co‐solvent. The isolation and recovery of juniperonic acid from biota seed oil free fatty acids was also attempted. Using free fatty acids as the feed material, the non‐methylene interrupted polyunsaturated sciadonic acid was also able to be separated from other compounds including juniperonic acid under some conditions, and gave an increase in concentration of more than 17 times.
Provenance of bar-top Sediments at Tons River near Allahabad
Authors: Das S. S. , Singh Atul Kumar , Singh Nisha 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
The bar-top sediments at the Tons river deposited mainly from the suspension current during waning stage condition of river are collected to study their provenance on the basis of clay mineralogy, heavy minerals and magnetic properties. The clay mineral assemblages in samples predominantly consist of illite, with minor amounts of kaolinite, smectite and chlorite. The clay minerals are contributed due to (i) weathering and decomposition of shales, argillaceous limestones and pyroclastic deposits of upper Vindhyan Groups and (ii) weathering and erosion of Banda plain of Gangetic alluvium. The low ZTR index for the studied samples indicates poor sediment maturity, rapid erosion in the source region and short transportation of detritus. The transparent heavy mineral assemblages in the sediment samples predominantly consist of garnet, with minor amounts of tourmaline, zircon, hornblende, enstatite, hypersthene, rutile, tremolite, kyanite, sillimanite, andalusite, chlorite, epidote, wollastonite, and staurolite. The heavy minerals are dominantly angular to sub-angular with some rounded to sub-rounded grains. The rounded grains indicate multicyclicity and derivation from Vindhyan sandstones. The angular grains are either contributed due to erosion of primary rocks of Bundelkhand gneissic complex and or various Gangetic alluviums. The magnetic properties from sediment samples indicate that the antiferro-magnetic minerals (illite, chlorite and smectite) are more concentrated in clay sized particles and it also indicated mixed source rocks for the bar-top sediment of Tons river.
Mineralogy, Petrography and Micro-chemical Characteristics of Enclaves of Mylonitic BIFs within Sukinda Ultramafic Complex, Odisha
Authors: Sharma P. , Mohapatra B. K. , Nayak P. K. , Mishra S. , Singh P. P. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
Elongated NE-SW trending bodies of iron-rich rock are exposed adjacent to pyroxenite dyke within Sukinda ultramafic complex, Odisha. Field study followed by optical and electron microscopy, XRD and EPMA investigation reveal the rocks to be fine grained, weathered, limonitised; containing quartz, magnetite, hematite/martite and goethite. The rock has suffered from deformation during intrusion of chromiferous magma. It rarely shows banding/lamination, but largely exhibits mylonitic fabric, resulting from magmatic intrusion. The stronger deformation is evident from sub-grain formation, deformed mineral grains; often with orientation, stretching (boudinage) and shortening (folding); presence of porphyroclasts, pull-apart structure, undulose extinction, dynamic recrystallisation etc. From the microstructure and mineral abundance, the rock is designated as “Mylonitic Magentite Quartzite” (MMQ).
Enrichment of some elements like Ni, Mg, Cr in the magnetite phase of MMQ is attributed to solid state diffusion of these elements from chromiferous mafic magma during thermal metamorphism. This is determined from electron probe microanalysis of iron-rich phase in MMQ, which is found to contain 88-90 wt% of FeO(t) with ~1%, NiO, ~1%, MgO and 0.1% Cr2O3 having around 3 mole% of trevorite; 4-6% of magnesioferrite; 0.15-0.3% of chromite; 86-87% of magnetite and 3-4% of wustite. Considering presence of wustite as temperature indicator, the temperature of magma envisaged to be around 950-1100°C.
In a later period, the MMQ has undergone oxidation and lateritisation owing to its prolonged exposure. During this process, new minerals like hematite and goethite substituted magnetite, resulting leaching of iron (FeO: 62-68%) and magnesium (MgO: 0.1-0.35) and enrichment of chromium (Cr2O3:4-7%) and nickel (NiO: 1.6-2.3%). The silica (SiO2: 4-5%), alumina (Al2O3:~1%) are contributed by kaolinite, formed during lateritisation.
The field and laboratory studies confirm these iron-rich exposures to be enclaves of BIFs, banded magnetite quartzite (BMQ) in particular, within the Sukinda chromiferous ultra-mafic complex. Micro-structural features and microchemical composition of iron minerals in these exposures are interpreted as the influence of forceful ultramafic intrusion into the existing BMQ and effect of thermal metamorphism followed by oxidation, weathering/lateritisation.
Laws of Formation and Criteria for Predicting Nickel Content in Weathering Crusts of East Kazakhstan
Authors: Dyachkov Boris A. , Amralinova Bakytzhan B. , Mataybaeva Indira E. , Dolgopolova Alla V. , Mizerny Arkady I. , Miroshnikova Anastassiya P. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
The article considers from the theoretical point of new global tectonics the geological conditions of formation, peculiar features of material composition, and criteria for predicting deposits of nickeliferous weathering crusts of east Kazakhstan. According to geotectonic zoning, this territory includes geological structures of the Big Altai (BA), which is part of the central Asian mobile belt. The ore-controlling role is assigned to the area of global interaction of the Kazakhstan and Siberian paleocontinents during the stage of the Hercynian collision (Ñ1-Ñ3) followed by the formation of the Zaisan suture zone, the structure of which is represented by the Charsky-Gornostaevsky ophiolite belt (suture stitch). During the Hercynian cycle of tectogenesis, main gold fields of the regions appeared in the Zaisan suture (gold-quartz, gold-sulphide, gold-listvenite, etc.) in a collision situation, controlled by a system of deep faults of the crust and mantle type. In similar tectonic environment, large stockwork gold deposits were formed in Rudny Altai, north Kazakhstan, and other regions. During the Cimmerian cycle, the residual weathering crust deposits of Au, Ti-Zr, Ni-Co were formed in the region of continental rifting. The article emphasizes the spatial association of silicate cobalt-nickel deposits to the outputs of serpentinized ultrabasites of the Charsky-Gornostaevsky belt and provides a characteristic of the geological structure and material composition of nickel content in ores of the Belogorskoye and Gornostaevskoye standard deposits. Expansion of prospects depends on the possibility of growth of reserves of cobalt and nickel ores on the flanks and deep horizons of the known ore fields and search for buried deposits in prospective areas determined by geological and geophysical studies.