bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AGILE SYSTEMS IN HEALTHCARE
Authors: Unger Chris , Celentano Mike 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTThe INCOSE Healthcare Working Group observed that many of our members from medical device companies use, or partially use, agile methods for software development. The Association for Advancing Medical Instrumentation published a report in 2012, with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), on applying agile methods for medical device software. A small group of representatives from various organizations in the Midwest region of the US convened to discuss the application of agile to “systems” development, which was relatively new for all of our attendees. The conference identified practices which were relatively common, and other candidate best practices which were applied by only a few organizations. Barriers to adoption and potential strategies for overcoming those barriers were identified and discussed. The group agreed that a series of continuing conferences on agile approaches to systems engineering in medical device development would be helpful.
Structural specialties, curiosities, and record‐breaking features of crustacean reproduction
Authors: Vogt Günter 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTCrustaceans are a morphologically, physiologically, and ecologically highly diverse animal group and correspondingly diverse are their reproductive characteristics. They have evolved structural specialties with respect to penis construction, sperm form, sperm storage, fertilization, and brood care. Unique in the animal kingdom are safety lines that safeguard hatching and first molting. Further curiosities are dwarf males in parasitic and sessile crustaceans and bacteria‐induced feminization and gigantism of crustacean hosts. Record‐breaking features are relative penis length, sperm size, clutch size, chromosome number, viability of dormant eggs, and fossil ages of penis, sperm, and brooded embryos. These examples from a single invertebrate subphylum and a single life history aspect illustrate that morphological solutions to functional requirements can be as spectacular as behavioral adaptations. They may provide valuable sources for comparative morphologists, ecologists, evolutionary biologists, and applied biologists to advance topical issues such as sperm competition, posthumous paternity, evolution of brood care, adaptation to freshwater, infectious feminization, sustainable male‐based fishery, maintenance of genetic diversity under conditions of limited mating opportunity, and long‐term impact of pollution on genotype and phenotype. J. Morphol. 277:1399–1422, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Trends and variability in extremes of precipitation in Curitiba – Southern Brazil
Authors: Pedron Isabel Tamara , Silva Dias Maria A. F. , de Paula Dias Sandra , Carvalho Leila M. V. , Freitas Edmilson D. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTBased on the daily rainfall data since 1889 in Curitiba, one of the largest cities in southern Brazil, a trend towards increased precipitation and more intense rainfall can be seen. The annual and seasonal volume of rainfall has increased, amounts greater than 10, 20 and 40 mm being observed more often, but with a reduction in the number of rainy days and the number of days with rainfall below 10 mm. Seasonal 95th percentile series have increased in summer, fall and winter. In addition, several indices of climate extremes presented significant increasing trends: monthly maximum 1‐day precipitation, annual total precipitation greater than 95th and 99th percentiles, number of consecutive dry days and the daily intensity index. Generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution function parameters also indicated higher occurrence of extremes detected by the increase in both the scale parameter σ and the location parameter μ in summer, fall and winter. The return time for severe rainfall declined in the second half of the period compared to the first, indicating more frequent occurrence of future extreme events. The main climate indices affecting the 95th percentile series were sea surface temperature (SST), South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) during spring, and Atlantic Multi‐decadal Oscillation (AMO), Large‐Scale Index for South America Monsoon (LISAM) and SOI during the summer, which explained variability of the extremes at around 20 and 13%, respectively in each season. Regarding the variability of summer, fall and spring total rainfall, they presented values around 20% for the explained variance due to climate indices. Other factors should be investigated to explain the variability such as urbanization, air pollution and local circulations. Dominant oscillation periods in the time series constructed with one monthly extreme appeared at 3 to 8‐year (inter‐annual) cycles, with 12 years (decadal) and around 30–64 years on the inter‐decadal scale. These oscillations have resonance with SOI, SACZ and Southern Annular Mode (SAM) indices (high frequencies), and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and AMO (low frequency).
The European Institute for Innovation through Health Data
Authors: Kalra D. , Stroetmann V. , Sundgren M. , Dupont D. , Schlünder I. , Thienpont G. , Coorevits P. , De Moor G. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe European Institute for Innovation through Health Data (i~HD, www.i‐hd.eu) has been formed as one of the key sustainable entities arising from the Electronic Health Records for Clinical Research (IMI‐JU‐115189) and SemanticHealthNet (FP7‐288408) projects, in collaboration with several other European projects and initiatives supported by the European Commission. i~HD is a European not‐for‐profit body, registered in Belgium through Royal Assent. i~HD has been established to tackle areas of challenge in the successful scaling up of innovations that critically rely on high‐quality and interoperable health data. It will specifically address obstacles and opportunities to using health data by collating, developing, and promoting best practices in information governance and in semantic interoperability. It will help to sustain and propagate the results of health information and communication technology (ICT) research that enables better use of health data, assessing and optimizing their novel value wherever possible. i~HD has been formed after wide consultation and engagement of many stakeholders to develop methods, solutions, and services that can help to maximize the value obtained by all stakeholders from health data. It will support innovations in health maintenance, health care delivery, and knowledge discovery while ensuring compliance with all legal prerequisites, especially regarding the insurance of patient's privacy protection. It is bringing multiple stakeholder groups together so as to ensure that future solutions serve their collective needs and can be readily adopted affordably and at scale.
Intraoperative Raman spectroscopy of soft tissue sarcomas
Authors: Nguyen John Q. , Gowani Zain S. , O'Connor Maggie , Pence Isaac J. , Nguyen The‐Quyen , Holt Ginger E. , Schwartz Herbert S. , Halpern Jennifer L. , Mahadevan‐Jansen Anita 
Published: July 2016

Background and ObjectiveSoft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a rare and heterogeneous group of malignant tumors that are often treated through surgical resection. Current intraoperative margin assessment methods are limited and highlight the need for an improved approach with respect to time and specificity. Here we investigate the potential of near‐infrared Raman spectroscopy for the intraoperative differentiation of STS from surrounding normal tissue.Materials and MethodsIn vivo Raman measurements at 785 nm excitation were intraoperatively acquired from subjects undergoing STS resection using a probe based spectroscopy system. A multivariate classification algorithm was developed in order to automatically identify spectral features that can be used to differentiate STS from the surrounding normal muscle and fat. The classification algorithm was subsequently tested using leave‐one‐subject‐out cross‐validation.ResultsWith the exclusion of well‐differentiated liposarcomas, the algorithm was able to classify STS from the surrounding normal muscle and fat with a sensitivity and specificity of 89.5% and 96.4%, respectively.ConclusionThese results suggest that single point near‐infrared Raman spectroscopy could be utilized as a rapid and non‐destructive surgical guidance tool for identifying abnormal tissue margins in need of further excision. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:774–781, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Use of Integrated Computational Approaches in the Search for New Therapeutic Agents
Authors: Persico Marco , Di Dato Antonio , Orteca Nausicaa , Cimino Paola , Novellino Ettore , Fattorusso Caterina 
Published: July 2016

AbstractComputer‐aided drug discovery plays a strategic role in the development of new potential therapeutic agents. Nevertheless, the modeling of biological systems still represents a challenge for computational chemists and at present a single computational method able to face such challenge is not available. This prompted us, as computational medicinal chemists, to develop in‐house methodologies by mixing various bioinformatics and computational tools. Importantly, thanks to multi‐disciplinary collaborations, our computational studies were integrated and validated by experimental data in an iterative process. In this review, we describe some recent applications of such integrated approaches and how they were successfully applied in i) the search of new allosteric inhibitors of protein‐protein interactions and ii) the development of new redox‐active antimalarials from natural leads.
Visualization Based Data Mining for Comparison Between Two Solar Cell Libraries
Authors: Yosipof Abraham , Kaspi Omer , Majhi Koushik , Senderowitz Hanoch 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMaterial informatics may provide meaningful insights and powerful predictions for the development of new and efficient Metal Oxide (MO) based solar cells. The main objective of this paper is to establish the usefulness of data reduction and visualization methods for analyzing data sets emerging from multiple all‐MOs solar cell libraries. For this purpose, two libraries, TiO2|Co3O4 and TiO2|Co3O4|MoO3, differing only by the presence of a MoO3 layer in the latter were analyzed with Principal Component Analysis and Self‐Organizing Maps. Both analyses suggest that the addition of the MoO3 layer to the TiO2|Co3O4 library has affected the overall photovoltaic (PV) activity profile of the solar cells making the two libraries clearly distinguishable from one another. Furthermore, while MoO3 had an overall favorable effect on PV parameters, a sub‐population of cells was identified which were either indifferent to its presence or even demonstrated a reduction in several parameters.
The existence of a positive solution for nonlinear fractional differential equations with integral boundary value conditions
Authors: Cabada Alberto , Dimitrijevic Sladjana , Tomovic Tatjana , Aleksic Suzana 
Published: July 2016

In this paper, first, we consider the existence of a positive solution for the nonlinear fractional differential equation boundary value problem

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma4105:mma4105-math-0002
where 0≤λ < 1,CDα is the Caputo's differential operator of order α, and f:[0,1] × [0,∞)→[0,∞) is a continuous function. Using some cone theoretic techniques, we deduce a general existence theorem for this problem. Then, we consider two following more general problems for arbitrary α, 1≤n < α≤n + 1:Problem 1:

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma4105:mma4105-math-0003
where
, 0≤λ < k + 1;Problem 2:

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma4105:mma4105-math-0004
where 0≤λ≤α and Dα is the Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative of order α.For these problems, we give existence results, which improve recent results in the literature. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Risk and Severity of Hospital‐Acquired Clostridium difficile Infection in Patients Taking Proton Pump Inhibitors
Authors: Lewis Paul O. , Litchfield John M. , Tharp Jennifer L. , Garcia Rebecca M. , Pourmorteza Mohsen , Reddy Chakradhar M. 
Published: July 2016

Study ObjectiveTo compare the rates and severity of hospital‐acquired Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) among patients taking proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) versus those not taking PPIs.DesignRetrospective, single‐center, cohort study.SettingTertiary community hospital with a teaching service.PatientsA total of 41,663 patients with CDI who were hospitalized between January 2013 and May 2014; of those, 17,471 patients (41.9%) had received at least one dose of a PPI (PPI group), and 24,192 patients (58.1%) had no PPI exposure (control group).Measurements and Main ResultsA total of 348 patients had CDI during the study period, with 269 cases present on admission. Hospital‐acquired CDI was defined as CDI diagnosis occurring on or after the third calendar day of admission. After excluding those patients with CDI on admission, 65 (0.38%) of 17,302 patients later developed CDI in the hospital in the PPI group compared with only 14 (0.058%) of 24,092 patients in the control group. Of these patients, 36 patients (0.21%) in the PPI group met the definition of severe CDI compared with 8 (0.03%) in the control group. This demonstrated an unadjusted relative risk (RR) of 6.46 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.63–11.51, p<0.0001) of developing hospital‐acquired CDI and an unadjusted RR of 6.27 (95% CI 2.91–13.48, p<0.0001) of developing severe CDI while taking a PPI. When evaluating only patients who developed severe‐complicated CDI, there were 22 cases in the PPI group and 2 cases in the control group, demonstrating an unadjusted RR of 15.3 (95% CI 3.6–65.13, p=0.0002) of developing severe‐complicated CDI. Confounding variables were similar between groups.ConclusionPPI use was associated with an increase in both the rate and severity of hospital‐acquired CDI.
Effect of Prescription Drug Coupons on Statin Utilization and Expenditures: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Daubresse Matthew , Andersen Martin , Riggs Kevin R. , Alexander G. Caleb 
Published: July 2016

ImportanceDrug coupons are widely used, but their effects are not well understood.ObjectiveTo quantify the effect of coupons on statin use and expenditures.DesignRetrospective cohort analysis of IMS Health LRx LifeLink database.SettingU.S. retail pharmacy transactions.ParticipantsIncident statin users who initiated branded atorvastatin or rosuvastatin between June 2006 and February 2013.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMonthly statin utilization (pill‐days of therapy), switching (filling a different statin), termination (failure to refill statin for 6 mo), and out‐of‐pocket and total costs.ResultsOf 1.1 million incident atorvastatin and rosuvastatin users, 2% used a coupon for at least one statin fill. At 1 year, compared with noncoupon users, those who used a statin coupon on their first fill were dispensed an equal number of monthly pill‐days (23.7 vs 23.8), were less likely to switch statins (14.4% vs 16.3%), and were less likely to have terminated statin therapy (31.3% vs 39.2%). At 4 years, coupon users were more likely to have switched (45.5% vs 40.8%) and less likely to have terminated statin therapy (50.6% vs 61.1%) compared with noncoupon users. Those who used greater numbers of coupons were substantially less likely to switch and terminate statin therapies. Monthly out‐of‐pocket costs were lower among coupon than noncoupon users at 1 year ($9.7 vs $15.1), but total monthly costs were qualitatively similar ($115.5 vs $116.9). At 4 years, monthly out‐of‐pocket costs among coupon users remained lower ($14.3 vs $16.6) compared with noncoupon users. Sensitivity analyses supported the main results.ConclusionsCoupons for branded statins are associated with higher utilization and lower rates of discontinuation and short‐term switching to other statin products.
Graft copolymers from commercial chlorinated polypropylene via Cu(0)‐mediated atom transfer radical polymerization
Authors: Acik Gokhan , Tasdelen Mehmet Atilla 
Published: July 2016

AbstractCommercially available chlorinated polypropylene has been used as a macroinitiator for the Cu(0)‐mediated atom transfer radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate and tert‐butyl acrylate to obtain well‐defined graft copolymers. The relatively narrow molecular weight distribution in the graft copolymers and linear kinetic plots indicated the controlled nature of the copolymerization reactions. Both Fourier transform infrared and 1H NMR studies confirmed that the graft reactions had taken place successfully. After graft copolymer formation, tert‐butyl groups of poly(tert‐butyl acrylate) side chains were completely converted into poly(acrylic acid) chains to afford corresponding amphiphilic graft copolymers. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Disparities in psychosocial cancer care: a report from the International Federation of Psycho‐oncology Societies
Authors: Grassi Luigi , Fujisawa Daisuke , Odyio Philip , Asuzu Chioma , Ashley Laura , Bultz Barry , Travado Luzia , Fielding Richard ,   on behalf of the IPOS Federation of Psycho‐oncology Societies' coauthors
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was to understand the characteristics of the International Federation of Psycho‐oncology Societies (FPOS) and possible disparities in providing psychosocial care in countries where psycho‐oncology societies exist.MethodA survey was conducted among 29 leaders of 28 countries represented within the FPOS by using a questionnaire covering (i) characteristics of the society; (ii) characteristics of the national health care system; (iii) level of implementation of psycho‐oncology; and (iv) main problems of psycho‐oncology in the country.ResultsTwenty‐six (90%) FPOS returned the questionnaires. One‐third reported to have links with and support from their government, while almost all had links with other scientific societies. The FPOS varied in their composition of members' professions. Psychosocial care provision was covered by state‐funded health services in a minority of countries. Disparities between countries arose from different causes and were problematic in some parts of the world (eg, Africa and SE Asia). Elsewhere (eg, Southern Europe and Eastern Europe), austerity policies were reportedly responsible for resource shortages with negative consequences on psychosocial cancer care. Half of FPOS rated themselves to be integrated into mainstream provision of care, although lack of funding was the most common complain.ConclusionsThe development and implementation of psycho‐oncology is fragmented and undeveloped, particularly in some parts of the world. More effort is needed at national level by strong coalitions with oncology societies, better national research initiatives, cancer plans, and patient advocacy, as well as by stronger partnership with international organizations (eg, World Health Organization and Union for International Cancer Control).
Atomic resolution structure determination by the cryo‐EM method MicroED
Authors: Liu Shian , Hattne Johan , Reyes Francis E. , Sanchez‐Martinez Silvia , Jason de la Cruz M. , Shi Dan , Gonen Tamir 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe electron cryo‐microscopy (cryoEM) method MicroED has been rapidly developing. In this review we highlight some of the key steps in MicroED from crystal analysis to structure determination. We compare and contrast MicroED and the latest X‐ray based diffraction method the X‐ray free‐electron laser (XFEL). Strengths and shortcomings of both MicroED and XFEL are discussed. Finally, all current MicroED structures are tabulated with a view to the future.
The urea carboxylase and allophanate hydrolase activities of urea amidolyase are functionally independent
Authors: Lin Yi , Boese Cody J. , St. Maurice Martin 
Published: July 2016

AbstractUrea amidolyase (UAL) is a multifunctional biotin‐dependent enzyme that contributes to both bacterial and fungal pathogenicity by catalyzing the ATP‐dependent cleavage of urea into ammonia and CO2. UAL is comprised of two enzymatic components: urea carboxylase (UC) and allophanate hydrolase (AH). These enzyme activities are encoded on separate but proximally related genes in prokaryotes while, in most fungi, they are encoded by a single gene that produces a fusion enzyme on a single polypeptide chain. It is unclear whether the UC and AH activities are connected through substrate channeling or other forms of direct communication. Here, we use multiple biochemical approaches to demonstrate that there is no substrate channeling or interdomain/intersubunit communication between UC and AH. Neither stable nor transient interactions can be detected between prokaryotic UC and AH and the catalytic efficiencies of UC and AH are independent of one another. Furthermore, an artificial fusion of UC and AH does not significantly alter the AH enzyme activity or catalytic efficiency. These results support the surprising functional independence of AH from UC in both the prokaryotic and fungal UAL enzymes and serve as an important reminder that the evolution of multifunctional enzymes through gene fusion events does not always correlate with enhanced catalytic function.
Mobile ad hoc cloud: A survey
Authors: Yaqoob Ibrar , Ahmed Ejaz , Gani Abdullah , Mokhtar Salimah , Imran Muhammad , Guizani Sghaier 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe unabated flurry of research activities to augment various mobile devices in terms of compute‐intensive task execution by leveraging heterogeneous resources of available devices in the local vicinity has created a new research domain called mobile ad hoc cloud (MAC) or mobile cloud. It is a new type of mobile cloud computing (MCC). MAC is deemed to be a candidate blueprint for future compute‐intensive applications with the aim of delivering high functionalities and rich impressive experience to mobile users. However, MAC is yet in its infancy, and a comprehensive survey of the domain is still lacking. In this paper, we survey the state‐of‐the‐art research efforts carried out in the MAC domain. We analyze several problems inhibiting the adoption of MAC and review corresponding solutions by devising a taxonomy. Moreover, MAC roots are analyzed and taxonomized as architectural components, applications, objectives, characteristics, execution model, scheduling type, formation technologies, and node types. The similarities and differences among existing proposed solutions by highlighting the advantages and disadvantages are also investigated. We also compare the literature based on objectives. Furthermore, our study advocates that the problems stem from the intrinsic characteristics of MAC by identifying several new principles. Lastly, several open research challenges such as incentives, heterogeneity‐ware task allocation, mobility, minimal data exchange, and security and privacy are presented as future research directions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.