bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PELATIHAN STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PANTI SOSIAL REHABILITASI WANITA TUNA SOSIAL DALAM MENINGKATKAN CITRA PANTI DI OGAN ILIR
Authors: Santoso Budi , Sakdiyah Sakdiyah 
Published: September 2024

Menghadapi permasalahan terkait Wanita Tuna Susila (WTS) dan wanita dengan permasalahan sosial, Dinas Sosial Provinsi Sumsel membentuk Unit Pelaksana Teknis (UPT) Dinas Sosial Provinsi Sumatra Selatan Adalah Panti Sosial Rehabilitasi Wanita Tuna Sosial (PSRWTS) yang berlokasi di Kabupaten Ogan Ilir Sumsel Untuk meningkatkan citra panti rehabilitasi ini diperlukan strategi komunikasi yang matang bagi pengelola UPTD PRWTS untuk mensosialisasikan peran PRWTS kepada masyarakat terutama bagi mereka yang potensial menjadi sponsorship dalam pengembangan kegiatan di PRWTS. Tidak hanya itu saja, citra alumni panti sosial diharapkan dapat muncul sebagai citra positif dari sebagai para tuna susila maupun hasil dari permasalahan sosial lainnya menjadi sosok yang bercitra baik dan taat usai menjalani rehabilitasi di PRWTS. Ilir. Metode atau pendekatan yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Fokus penelitian ini adalah pelatihan keterampilan berkomunikasi di Panti Sosial Rehabilitasi Wanita Tuna Sosial di Indralaya, Kabupaten Ogan Ilir.Hasil dari rangkaian kegiatan menunjukkan adanya upaya mencapai tujuan bersama dari seluruh pengelola dan para wanita yang direhabilitasi di panti. tujuan Panti Sosial Rehabilitasi Wanita Tuna Sosial, Indralaya sendiri adalah para wanita yang bermasalah sosial dapat dilayani, diedukasi, sekaligus diubah pola berpikirnya sehingga wanita tersebut memiliki rasa harga diri, rasa percaya diri, melalui pelatihan keterampilan berkomunikasi sekaligus pengembangan strategi komunikasi guna memperkuat citra panti dan para alumnus panti untuk menghadapi kehidupan bermasyarakat.
Análise físico-química de amostras de cachaças produzidas na cidade de São Benedito - CE
Authors: Paulino Maria Fernanda Ferreira , Bezerra Ana Izabela Melo , Brito Rafaela De Sousa , Fonseca Thiago De Sousa 
Published: September 2024

A cachaça é a quarta bebida destilada mais produzida no mundo, com produção anual de 800 milhões de litros no Brasil. Dessa forma, mostra-se a importância da realização dos parâmetros físico-químicos para fornecer confiabilidade e qualidade à mercadoria. Este trabalho realizou as análises físico-químicas de amostras de cachaças artesanais produzidas no município de São Benedito - CE, com o intuito de averiguar se tais amostras estavam de acordo com os valores padrões em vigência preconizados pela legislação do Brasil. Foram analisadas cinco amostras com ou sem a presença de aditivos. Os valores do grau alcoólico foram de 7,00 - 46,00 % v.v-1, a densidade relativa foi de 0,94 e 0,96 g.cm-3, os pH variaram de 4,00 - 4,40, a acidez volátil foi de 74,20 - 2108,60 mg.100 mL-1 de álcool anidro, o teor de ésteres totais foi de 35,40 - 131,50 mg.100 mL-1 de álcool anidro, o extrato seco foi de 0,05 - 0,33 g.L-1 e os valores de °Brix foram de 10,20 - 15,30 g.L-1. As cinco amostras não atenderam aos requisitos de rotulagem e embalagem. Por fim, observou-se que a maioria das amostras de cachaças artesanais oriundas de São Benedito - CE, devem se adequar aos padrões estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira. Ademais, a presente pesquisa apresentou pioneirismo na região, contribuindo com informações e dados para a comunidade local.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Mediates Host Necroptosis through Rhl-Pqs Quorum Sensing Interaction
Authors: Liu Zihao , Sun Lu , Li Lupeng , Miao Edward A , Amer Amal O , Wozniak Daniel J , Wen Haitao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause serious infections in immunocompromised patients. Quorum sensing (QS), a communication system evolved by P. aeruginosa to survey its density, is well acknowledged to be involved in various activities during bacterial infection. Recent studies have revealed the link between P. aeruginosa QS and host innate immune response. Previous evidence suggests that programmed cell death exists in response to P. aeruginosa infection. However, it remains unclear whether QS plays a role in the host programmed cell death process during the infection. In this study, we found that the deficiency of one of QS subsystems, rhl, markedly increased mouse bone marrow macrophage cell death induced by P. aeruginosa, which was accompanied by elevated phosphorylation of RIPK3 and MLKL. This highly increased necroptosis activation was caused by the upregulation of another QS subsystem, pqs, because the deletion of pqs in rhl-deficient P. aeruginosa abolished macrophage necroptosis in vitro and in vivo. In sum, our data highlight the cross-talk between P. aeruginosa QS and host necroptosis, which is executed through the rhl–pqs axis.
Type I IFN Induces TCR-dependent and -independent Antimicrobial Responses in γδ Intraepithelial Lymphocytes
Authors: Fischer Matthew A , Jia Luo , Edelblum Karen L 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) expressing the TCRγδ survey the intestinal epithelium to limit the invasion of microbial pathogens. The production of type I IFN is a central component of an antiviral immune response, yet how these proinflammatory cytokines contribute to γδ IEL effector function remains unclear. Based on the unique activation status of IELs and their ability to bridge innate and adaptive immunity, we investigated the extent to which type I IFN signaling modulates γδ IEL function. Using an ex vivo culture model, we find that type I IFN alone is unable to drive IFN-γ production, yet low-level TCR activation synergizes with type I IFN to induce IFN-γ production in murine γδ IELs. Further investigation into the underlying molecular mechanisms of costimulation revealed that TCRγδ-mediated activation of NFAT and JNK is required for type I IFN to promote IFN-γ expression in a STAT4-dependent manner. Whereas type I IFN rapidly upregulates antiviral gene expression independent of a basal TCRγδ signal, neither tonic TCR triggering nor the presence of a TCR agonist was sufficient to elicit type I IFN–induced IFN-γ production in vivo. However, bypassing proximal TCR signaling events synergized with IFNAR/STAT4 activation to induce γδ IEL IFN-γ production. These findings indicate that γδ IELs contribute to host defense in response to type I IFN by mounting a rapid antimicrobial response independent of TCRγδ signaling, and may produce IFN-γ in a TCR-dependent manner under permissive conditions.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among unvaccinated individuals in a primary care setting, Pretoria
Authors: Moeti Dikonketjo M.P. , Govender Indiran , Bongongo Tombo 
Published: September 2024

Background: South Africa faced challenges while implementing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) measures such as mass vaccination. Some people rejected or were hesitant to receive government-recommended vaccines. This study explored COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy among unvaccinated individuals in a primary care setting in Pretoria, South Africa.Methods: This was an exploratory phenomenological study that included one-on-one interviews with 12 individuals at Temba Community Health Centre in Pretoria, South Africa.Results: The research revealed five themes: perceptions of COVID-19 disease, perceptions of COVID-19 vaccine, factors related to non-vaccination, information sources about the COVID-19 vaccine, and long-term vaccination decisions. There were seven linked sub-themes.Conclusion: Overall, participants had a good understanding of COVID-19 disease, but limited knowledge about the vaccine, causing hesitancy to get vaccinated. Reasons for not getting vaccinated included health-related concerns, safety concerns, personal experiences, and social and political factors. Safety and health-related concerns were prevalent, with adverse vaccine outcomes being the most common concern. Most participants had experienced a historic encounter with a vaccine-related death or illness.Contribution: Vaccine hesitancy should be viewed as a powerful concern from the community, and a key source of worry for the health authorities over any vaccine-related doubt.
Genetic Polymorphisms of 22 Novel Autosomal Short Tandem Repeat Loci in Sierra Leone Population
Authors: Liu Yi , Wang Chudong , Wen Dan , Qu Weifeng , Xing Hao , Jia Hongtao , Xu Ruyi , Tang Xuan , Chen Siqi , Li Jienan , Li Guanlin , Zha Lagabaiyila , Wang Yong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Exploring and identifying novel alleles of noncombined DNA Index System (CODIS) short tandem repeat (STR) loci in different ethnic groups is important for the establishment of forensic reference databases and study of population genetics.

Aim:
This study is aimed to explore the genetic polymorphism of 22 non-CODIS autosomal STR loci (D6S477, D18S535, D19S253, D15S659, D11S2368, D20S470, D1S1656, D22-GATA198B05, D8S1132, D4S2366, D21S1270, D13S325, D9S925, D3S3045, D14S608, D10S1435, D12S391, D7S3048, D17S1290, D5S2500, D2S1338, and D16S539) in Sierra Leone population and analyze the population genetic relationships in comparison with other populations.

Materials and Methods:
The samples of a total of 495 unrelated individuals (274 females and 221 males) from Sierra Leone were examined by the Microreader™ 23SP ID System, and their genetic polymorphisms and associated forensic parameters were calculated. The genetic relationships between Sierra Leone population and other populations were evaluated as well.

Results:
A total of 287 alleles were observed with allelic frequencies ranging from 0.001 to 0.399. The cumulative power of discrimination (CPD) of the 22 autosomal STR loci was 0.999999999999999 99999999999999538. The cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) of the 22 autosomal STR loci was 0.9999998514 (CPEdous) and 0.999999 9999826 (CPEtrios). All of the STR loci reached the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction. The population genetics analysis results demonstrated that Sierra Leone population exhibited distinctive genetic characteristics compared to those of East Asian populations and it had relatively close genetic distances to the Uygur population.

Conclusion:
The results of this study could enrich the forensic databases with Sierra Leone population. The 22 STR loci are highly polymorphic and could be used for forensic practice and population genetics studies.
A Comparative Analysis on the Histomorphometric Pattern of Various Segments of Adult Male Long Bones: Forensic Implication
Authors: Orupabo Clinton David , Chijioke Joshua Oghenemiro 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Human bone analysis is a useful tool in assessing and identifying skeletal remains. To make this easier, newer and modified approaches have often being documented.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim of this study is to analyze the histomorphometric features of various bone segments and its relevance in forensic case diagnosis.

Materials and Methods:
The human bones used were that of cadaveric bone samples harvested from three adult male Nigerians. The proximal, midshaft and distal segments of the femur, tibia, and humerus were utilized for the study. The bone sections were subjected to processing using Frost’s rapid manual preparation of ground sections techniques. Histomorphometric evaluation studied the number of primary osteons, secondary osteons, and osteon fragments, as well as the Haversian canal diameter (HCD).

Results:
The primary osteons, secondary osteons, osteon fragments, and HCD in each of the segments of the long bones show that the F values are less than the F critical for an alpha level of 0.05. This shows that there is no statistically significant (P > 0.05) variation in the histomorphometric pattern for the various segments of the bones studied. Again differences in the haversian canal diameter of the various segments of the long bones shows statistically significant variation (P< 0.05) among the long bones investigated.

Conclusion:
These findings have laid to rest the challenges with using the only available bone fragment for forensic case investigation as no notable variations exist across various segments.
An Analysis of Radiotherapy Machine Requirements in India: Impact of the Pandemic and Regional Disparities
Authors: Chauhan Rohit Singh , Munshi Anusheel , Pradhan Anirudh 
Published: September 2024

Aim:
This article examines India’s present radiotherapy (RT) machine status and requirements, geographical distribution, and infrastructure need in six regional areas, which include 31 member states and union territories (UTs). It also considers the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on India’s teletherapy sector.

Materials and Methods:
Data from reliable resources, including Atomic Energy Regulatory Board, Global Cancer Observatory, and Directory of Radiotherapy Centres databases, were used to analyze the current status of RT machine (RTM) density, regional disparity, and COVID-19 impact on infrastructure growth-rate.

Results:
In India, the number of functioning RTM and facilities are 823 and 554, respectively, with an average of 1.5 RTM per institute, of which 69.4% have only one RTM. Over the past 22 years, there has been a paradigm shift towards medical linear accelerator (linac) installation instead of telecobalt machines. Presently, there is a teletherapy density of 0.6 RTM per million population, and there is a shortfall of 1209 RTMs. There is a considerable regional disparity in the distribution of RTMs, ranging from (0.08 RTM/million–2.94 RTM/million) across different regions. There is a significant demand for RTMs in the Northern region (480) and the state of Uttar Pradesh (279). The COVID-19 pandemic temporarily impacted India’s RT growth rate, reducing it from 5% to 1.9% in 2020–2021.

Conclusions:
New policies must be established to accelerate the rate of RT installation growth. To better serve local populations and save patient costs, this article proposes that RT facilities be dispersed equitably across states.
Ultrasound-stimulated Microbubbles for Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer Cells with Radiation and Nanoparticles: In vitro Study
Authors: Nakayama Masao , Noda Ayaha , Akasaka Hiroaki , Tominaga Takahiro , McCorkell Giulia , Geso Moshi , Sasaki Ryohei 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
This study aims to investigate the radiation enhancement effects of ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles (USMB) with X-rays and nanoparticles on pancreatic cancer cells in
vitro.

Methods:
Sonazoid™ microbubbles were used for USMB treatment with a commercially available ultrasound unit. The characterization of the microbubbles before and after ultrasound exposure with different mechanical parameters was evaluated microscopically. Two pancreatic cancer cell lines, MIAPaCa-2 and PANC-1, were treated with different concentrations of microbubbles in combination with 150 kVp X-rays and hydrogen peroxide-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Cell viability was evaluated using a water-soluble tetrazolium dye and a colony formation assay. In addition, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by the combined treatment were assessed.

Results:
The number of burst microbubbles increased with ultrasound’s higher mechanical index and the exposure time. A significant radiation enhancement effect with a significant increase in ROS levels was observed in MIAPaCa-2 cells treated with USMB and 6 Gy X-rays, whereas it was not significant in PANC-1 cells treated with the same. When a higher concentration of USMB was applied with X-rays, no radiation enhancement effects were observed in either cell line. Moreover, there was no radiation enhancement effect by USMB between cells treated with and without nanoparticles.

Conclusions:
The results indicate that USMB treatment can additively enhance the therapeutic efficacy of radiation therapy on pancreatic cancer cells, while the synergistic enhancement effects are likely to be cell type and microbubble concentration dependent. In addition, USMB did not improve the efficacy of nanoparticle-induced radiosensitization in the current setting.
Comparing the Performance of Scatter Correction Methods in Cardiac SPECT Imaging with Technetium-99m and Thallium-201 Radioisotopes
Authors: Noori-Asl Mahsa , Eghbal Maryam 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
This study aims to evaluate the performance of dual-energy window (DEW) and triple-energy window (TEW) scatter correction methods in cardiac SPECT imaging with technetium-99m (Tc-99m) and thallium-201 (Tl-201) radioisotopes.

Materials and Methods:
The SIMIND Monte Carlo program was used to simulate the imaging system and produce the required projections. Two phantoms, including the simple cardiac phantom and the NCAT phantom, were used to evaluate the scatter correction methods. The simulations were repeated 5 times for each phantom and finally, the mean values obtained from these 5 tests were used in the analysis of the results.

Results:
The obtained results from this study show that in the case of both investigated phantoms, the use of correction methods leads to improve the contrast of the images obtained from Tc-99m and Tl-201 radioisotopes. In the case of the simple cardiac phantom, the use of DEW and TEW correction methods leads to a relative increase in image contrast of about 23.88% and 12.23% for 99mTc radioisotope and about 29.19% and 20.98% for 201Tl radioisotope, respectively. This relative increase in the case of the NCAT phantom is about 22.48% and 19.43% for 99mTc radioisotope and about 27.74% and 24.74% for 201Tl radioisotope, respectively.

Conclusion:
According to the obtained results, despite the higher contrast of the noncorrected images of 99mTc radioisotope, the relative increase in contrast of the corrected images of 201Tl radioisotope is more than that of 99mTc radioisotope. Furthermore, for both radioisotopes, the relative increase related to the DEW method is higher than the TEW method.
Dosimetric Impact of Prescription Point Placement in Heterogeneous Medium for Conformal Radiotherapy Dose Calculation with Various Algorithms
Authors: Pandu Bharath , Khanna D. , Palanisamy Mohandass , Jacob Saro , Manichan Sherin 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
The aim of the study is to compare the accuracy of dose calculation for different dose calculation algorithms with different prescription points (air, tissue, air–tissue interface in carcinoma lung patients and bone, tissue, and bone–tissue interface in carcinoma buccal Mucosa tumors).

Materials and Methods:
Forty-one patients with carcinoma lung and buccal mucosa were retrospectively selected for this study. A three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy reference plan was created using the prescription point in the tissue with Monte Carlo (MC) algorithms for both the groups of patients. The reference plan was modified by changing the prescription point and algorithms in the tissue, air, air–tissue interface for lung patients and tissue, bone, and bone–tissue interface for buccal mucosa patients. The dose received by the target volume and other organs at risk (OAR) structures was compared. To find out the statistical difference between different prescription points and algorithms, the statistical tests were performed with repeated measures ANOVA.

Results:
The target volume receiving 95% dose coverage in lung patients decreased to −3.08%, −5.75%, and −1.87% in the dose prescription point at the air–tissue interface with the dose calculation algorithms like MC, collapsed cone (CC), and pencil beam (PB), respectively, compared to that of the MC tissue. Spinal cord dose was increased in the CC and PB algorithms in all prescription points in patients with lung and buccal mucosa. OAR dose calculated by PB in all prescription points showed a significant deviation compared to MC tissue prescription point.

Conclusion:
This study will help demonstrate the accuracy of dose calculation for the different dose prescription points with the different treatment algorithms in radiotherapy treatment planning.
Role of Quercetin Supplementation on C-reactive Protein, Tumor Necrosis Factor, and Hepcidin in Blood Transfusion-dependent Thalassemia Patients
Authors: Sabri Raghad A. , Al-Qadhi Huda I. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) requires regular blood transfusions, leading to iron overload, oxidative stress, and inflammation, marked by elevated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), C-reactive protein (CRP), and altered hepcidin levels. Quercetin (QC), with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, shows promise in reducing these inflammatory markers and regulating hepcidin, potentially alleviating TDT complications.

OBJECTIVE:
The objective of the study was to assess the role of QC on inflammatory markers in patients with thalassemia.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
The study, conducted from May to December 2023, utilized a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design to evaluate QC supplements in patients with blood TDT. Patients were randomly selected and divided into QC and placebo groups, with blood samples collected and analyzed.

RESULTS:
After 3 months of supplement, the QC group showed a decrease in CRP levels and TNF-alpha levels, whereas the placebo group exhibited an increase in these levels. In addition, the hepcidin levels increased in the QC group but decreased in the placebo group, with statistically significant differences observed between the two groups (P = 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
The study shows that QC significantly impacts iron overload markers in TDT patients, reducing ferritin, CRP, TNF-alpha, and normalizing hepcidin levels.
Challenges of Treating a Patient with Autism and Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Authors: Alzahrani Mohsen , Oliat Omar Ahmed Abu , Nihayah Mohammed Saeed 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are a rare combination. Diagnosing and treating patients with this combination is challenging. Here, we report the case of a 19-year-old male with ASD and HL. Upon initial presentation to our clinic, the patient was very active with the clinical features of autism. Pathology confirmed stage IVBs HL of the mixed cellularity subtype. He received six cycles of Adriamycin, bleomycin sulfate, vinblastine sulfate, and dacarbazine and has been in remission for the last 4 years. This report presents the challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of a young patient with ASD and cancer and how to overcome them.