bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ewing Sarcoma in Patients over 40 Years of Age: A Prospective Analysis of 31 Patients Treated at a Single Institution
Authors: Cesari Marilena , Righi Alberto , Cevolani Luca , Palmerini Emanuela , Vanel Daniel , Donati Davide M. , Cammelli Silvia , Gambarotti Marco , Ferrari Cristina , Paioli Anna , Longhi Alessandra , Abate Massimo E. , Picci Piero , Ferrari Stefano 
Published: July 2016

Purpose Patients with Ewing sarcoma who are 40 years old or older are usually excluded from clinical trials. For this reason, information on this subset of patients is limited. Methods Clinical characteristics and treatment-related variables of patients aged 40 years or more, with a diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma, treated at the authors’ institution had been prospectively collected since 1999. Results Thirty-one patients were identified, with ages ranging from 40 to 70 years (median 45 years). Twenty-six (84%) had localized disease, 4 patients presented with lung metastases, and 1 patient had multiple metastases (bone, lung, abdominal nodes, and bone marrow). The primary tumors were skeletal in 19 (61%) patients, while 12 (39%) had extraskeletal disease. All patients received chemotherapy according to regimens similar to those adopted in younger patients, based on doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, vincristine, dactinomycin, and ifosfamide. All patients experienced grade 4 leukopenia (100%); red blood cells or platelets transfusions were needed in 50% and 16% of patients, respectively. Toxicity-related dose reduction was required in 13 patients (43%). The 5-year overall survival (OS) was 54% for the whole group. In patients with complete remission, 5-year disease-free survival was 57%. Survival was different for patients with skeletal and extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma (5-year OS: 64% vs 40%, p = 0.2). Conclusions In older patients, the incidence of extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma is high. Intensive chemotherapy treatment can be recommended in this group. The high chemotherapy toxicity can be justified by expected results, similar to those of younger patients.
Useful Numerical Statistics of Some Response Surface Methodology Designs
Authors: M. P. Iwundu 
Published: July 2016

<p>Useful numerical evaluations associated with three categories of Response Surface Methodology designs are presented with respect to five commonly encountered alphabetic optimality criteria. The first-order Plackett-Burman designs and the Factorial designs are examined for the main effects models and the complete first-order models respectively. The second-order Central Composite Designs are examined for second-order models. The A-, D-, E-, G- and T-optimality criteria are employed as commonly encountered optimality criteria summarizing how good the experimental designs are. Relationships among the optimality criteria are pointed out with regards to the designs and the models. Generally the designs do not show uniform preferences in terms of the considered optimality criteria. However, one interesting finding is that central composite designs defined on cubes and hypercubes with unit axial distances are uniformly preferred in terms of E-optimality and G-optimality criteria.</p>
Technical Aspects and Difficulties in the Management of Head and Neck Cutaneous Malignancies in Xeroderma Pigmentosum
Authors: Sibar Serhat , Findikcioglu Kemal , Erdal Ayhan Isik , Barut Ismail , Ozmen Selahattin 
Published: July 2016

Background Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by xerosis, ultraviolet light sensitivity, and cutaneous dyspigmentation. Due to defects in their DNA repair mechanism, genetic mutations and carcinogenesis inevitably occurs in almost all patients. In these patients, reconstruction of cutaneous malignancies in the head and neck area is associated with some challenges such as likelihood of recurrence and an aggressive clinical course. The aim of this study is to discuss the therapeutic options and challenges commonly seen during the course of treatment.
Methods Between 2005 and 2015, 11 XP patients with head and neck cutaneous malignancies were included in this study. Demographic data and treatment options of the patients were evaluated.
Results The mean age of the patients was 32 years (range, 10–43) (4 males, 7 females). The most common tumor type and location were squamous cell carcinoma (6 patients) and the orbital region (4 patients), respectively. Free tissue transfer was the most commonly performed surgical intervention (4 patients). The average number of surgical procedures was 5.5 (range, 1–25). Six patients were siblings with each other, 5 patients had local recurrences, and one patient was lost to follow-up.
Conclusions Although genetic components of the disease have been elucidated, there is no definitive treatment algorithm. Early surgical intervention and close follow-up are the gold standard modalities due to the tendency toward rapid tumor growth and possible recurrence. Treatment must be individualized for each patient. In addition, the psychological aspect of the disease is an important issue for both patients and families.
Deep-Plane Lipoabdominoplasty in East Asians
Authors: Kim June-Kyu , Jang Jun-Young , Hong Yoon Gi , Sim Hyung Bo , Sun Sang Hoon 
Published: July 2016

Background The objective of this study was to develop a new surgical technique by combining traditional abdominoplasty with liposuction. This combination of operations permits simpler and more accurate management of various abdominal deformities. In lipoabdominoplasty, the combination of techniques is of paramount concern. Herein, we introduce a new combination of liposuction and abdominoplasty using deep-plane flap sliding to maximize the benefits of both techniques.
Methods Deep-plane lipoabdominoplasty was performed in 143 patients between January 2007 and May 2014. We applied extensive liposuction on the entire abdomen followed by a sliding flap through the deep plane after repairing the diastasis recti. The abdominal wound closure was completed with repair of Scarpa's fascia.
Results The average amount of liposuction aspirate was 1,400 mL (700–3,100 mL), and the size of the average excised skin ellipse was 21.78×12.81 cm (from 15×10 to 25×15 cm). There were no major complications such as deep-vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. We encountered 22 cases of minor complications: one wound infection, one case of skin necrosis, two cases of undercorrection, nine hypertrophic scars, and nine seromas. These complications were solved by conservative management or simple revision.
Conclusions The use of deep-plane lipoabdominoplasty can correct abdominal deformities more effectively and with fewer complications than traditional abdominoplasty.
Thromboprophylaxis in Abdominoplasty: Efficacy and Safety of a Complete Perioperative Protocol
Authors: Marangi Giovanni Francesco , Segreto Francesco , Poccia Igor , Campa Stefano , Tosi Daniele , Lamberti Daniela , Persichetti Paolo 
Published: July 2016

Background Venous thromboembolism, a spectrum of diseases ranging from deep venous thrombosis to pulmonary embolism, is a major source of morbidity and mortality. The majority of cases described in plastic surgery involve abdominoplasty. Risk assessment and prophylaxis are paramount in such patients. General recommendations were recently developed, but the evidence in the literature was insufficient to prepare exhaustive guidelines regarding the medication, dosage, timing, or length of the prophylaxis.
Methods A thromboprophylaxis protocol was developed for patients undergoing abdominoplasty. The protocol consisted of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative measures. Enoxaparin was administered as chemoprophylaxis in selected patients. The study involved 253 patients. The patients were analyzed for age, body mass index, enoxaparin dosage, risk factors, and complications.
Results Deep venous thrombosis was documented in two cases (0.8%). No pulmonary embolism occurred. Three patients (1.2%) presented mild subcutaneous abdominal hematoma within the first postoperative week that spontaneously resorbed with neither aesthetic nor functional complications. Two patients (0.8%) presented severe hematoma requiring surgical re-intervention for drainage and hemostasis revision. Statistical analysis showed no significant correlation between enoxaparin dosage and hematoma (P=0.18) or deep venous thrombosis (P=0.61).
Conclusions The described thromboprophylaxis protocol proved to be effective in the prevention of thrombotic events, with an acceptable risk of hemorrhagic complications. Furthermore, it provides new evidence regarding the currently debated variables of chemoprophylaxis, namely type, dosage, timing, and length.
Correlation Between Scores on Weekly Quizzes and Performance on the Annual Resident In-Service Examination
Authors: Wagner Benjamin J. , Ashurst John V. , Simunich Thomas , Cooney Robert 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Context: Medical residency education relies heavily on the use of written and oral testing as a means of assessing a learner’s knowledge acquisition. In the United States, osteopathic emergency medicine residents take an annual specialty-based resident in-service examination (RISE) for this purpose. Their performance on the RISE helps direct educators’ approach to teaching and training.

Objectives: To determine the correlative strength of residents’ cumulative performance on a series of weekly in-house quizzes with their performance on the RISE.

Methods: In this prospective study, emergency medicine residents took a series of 15 quizzes between August 2013 and January 2014. The quizzes were administered using slides integrated with an audience-response system. Quizzes comprised questions gathered from various question banks and commercial test review resources specific to the specialty of emergency medicine. Effort was made to select questions covering topics tested on the RISE. Scores from each of the quizzes were recorded, and these data were analyzed for correlation with residents’ scores on the RISE.

Results: Sixteen emergency medicine residents from all 4 postgraduate years participated in the study. For various reasons (vacation, illness, away rotations), not all 16 residents participated in each quiz. The mean participation rate over all 15 quizzes was 76.7%, with a mean quiz score of 57.8%. A correlation analysis was conducted between the achieved RISE score and the mean quiz score (excluding any quizzes not taken). Graphical analysis revealed a sufficiently linear relationship between the 2 variables, with no outliers. Both variables were normally distributed, as assessed by the Shapiro-Wilks test (P>.05). A strong positive correlation was found between RISE score and mean quiz score (r[14]=0.75; P=.001), with the mean quiz score over the quizzes taken explaining about 57% of the variance in the achieved RISE score.

Conclusions: The results of this study imply that performance on weekly didactic quizzes may be strongly predictive of RISE performance and as such tracking these data may provide insight to educators and learners as to the most effective direction of their educational efforts.
Fabrication of normally-off AlGaN/GaN metal–insulator–semiconductor high-electron-mobility transistors by photo-electrochemical gate recess etching in ionic liquid
Authors: Zhang Zhili , Qin Shuangjiao , Fu Kai , Yu Guohao , Li Weiyi , Zhang Xiaodong , Sun Shichuang , Song Liang , Li Shuiming , Hao Ronghui , Fan Yaming , Sun Qian , Pan Gebo , Cai Yong , Zhang Baoshun 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
We characterized an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate, C8H15N3O3) as a photo-electrochemical etchant for fabricating normally-off AlGaN/GaN metal–insulator–semiconductor high-electron-mobility transistors (MIS-HEMTs). Using the ionic liquid, we achieved an etching rate of ∼2.9 nm/min, which is sufficiently low to facilitate good etching control. The normally-off AlGaN/GaN MIS-HEMT was fabricated with an etching time of 6 min, with the 20 nm low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) silicon nitride (Si3N4) gate dielectric exhibiting a threshold voltage shift from −10 to 1.2 V, a maximum drain current of more than 426 mA/mm, and a breakdown voltage of 582 V.
Wide-capture-range, high-precision wavelength stabilization within ±50 MHz for flexible-grid wavelength division multiplexing by photomixing technique
Authors: Tsuboi Jun , Kuboki Takeshi , Kato Kazutoshi 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The lasers for the flexible-grid wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system are required to have high precision of wavelength stability. Previously, we proposed the wavelength-controlling system of the distributed feedback laser diode (DFB-LD) with the photomixing technique and a microwave filter to precisely measure the optical frequency error from the target value. To enlarge the wavelength-capture range, we improve the system to detect the wavelength error with two different microwave filters in parallel. Experimental results show that the wavelength-capture range is extended up to 4 GHz while the wavelength error is still kept within ±50 MHz.
Compound parabolic concentrator design for red, green, blue, and white LED light mixing
Authors: Wei An-Chi , Lo Shih-Chieh , Hung Pei-Fang , Lee Ju-Yi , Yeh Hong-Yih , Huang Hong-Cheng , Li Chia-Ming 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
A light-mixing module consisting of a compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) and a fiber for mixing light from red, green, blue, and white (RGBW) LEDs was proposed. The design principle was investigated and a design prototype was demonstrated in a simulation. The simulated results showed that the chromatic nonuniformity was reduced to 1/10 when the fiber length was 40 times the core width, and the module efficiencies were more than 80% and more than 60% when the fiber lengths were 350 mm and 5 m, respectively. The proposed module is suitable for solar lighting compensation or indoor lighting, such as plant-factory lighting.
Chronic invasive fungal sinusitis: characterization and shift in management of a rare disease
Authors: D'Anza Brian , Stokken Janalee , Greene J. Scott , Kennedy Thomas , Woodard Troy D. , Sindwani Raj 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundChronic invasive fungal sinusitis (CIFS) is a rare subtype of mycotic diseases involving the paranasal sinuses. It is characterized by a slow onset and invasive organisms with non‐granulomatous inflammation seen on histopathology. Historically, treatment has involved radical surgical resection. The purpose of this study was to describe the presentation, comorbidities, and role of more conservative treatment options.MethodsThis is a multi‐institutional retrospective case series of 6 patients with CIFS over 15 years. Patients’ medical comorbidities, imaging results, operative procedures, pathological findings including organisms identified, antimicrobial medications used, and outcomes were reviewed.ResultsThe mean time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was 6 months. Cultures and fungal PCR identified Aspergillus species in every case. All 6 patients were found to have systemic comorbidities, with many being diabetic. Imaging findings ranged from thickening of sinus mucosa to invasion of the orbit and skull base. Treatment included long‐term antifungal therapy and conservative endoscopic surgery in all but 1 patient, who had an open approach. Every patient was free of invasive fungal disease at last follow‐up, with a range of 1 to 27 months.ConclusionCIFS is an insidious disease often with months between symptom onset and diagnosis. It is differentiated from chronic granulomatous invasive fungal sinusitis (CGIFS) by a lack of granulomas on histopathology and an association with diabetes mellitus. Endoscopic debridement combined with long‐term oral voriconazole was an effective treatment strategy in this series.
KIF5A mutations cause an infantile onset phenotype including severe myoclonus with evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Duis Jessica , Dean Shannon , Applegate Carolyn , Harper Amy , Xiao Rui , He Weimin , Dollar James D. , Sun Lisa R. , Waberski Marta Biderman , Crawford Thomas O. , Hamosh Ada , Stafstrom Carl E. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMissense mutations in kinesin family member 5A (KIF5A) cause spastic paraplegia 10. We report on 2 patients with de novo stop‐loss frameshift variants in KIF5A resulting in a novel phenotype that includes severe infantile onset myoclonus, hypotonia, optic nerve abnormalities, dysphagia, apnea, and early developmental arrest. We propose that alteration and elongation of the carboxy‐terminus of the protein has a dominant‐negative effect, causing mitochondrial dysfunction in the setting of an abnormal kinesin “motor.” These results highlight the role of expanded testing and whole‐exome sequencing in critically ill infants and emphasize the importance of accurate test interpretation. Ann Neurol 2016;80:633–637
Video gaming in school children: How much is enough?
Authors: Pujol Jesus , Fenoll Raquel , Forns Joan , Harrison Ben J. , Martínez‐Vilavella Gerard , Macià Dídac , Alvarez‐Pedrerol Mar , Blanco‐Hinojo Laura , González‐Ortiz Sofía , Deus Joan , Sunyer Jordi 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveDespite extensive debate, the proposed benefits and risks of video gaming in young people remain to be empirically clarified, particularly as regards an optimal level of use.MethodsIn 2,442 children aged 7 to 11 years, we investigated relationships between weekly video game use, selected cognitive abilities, and conduct‐related problems. A large subgroup of these children (n = 260) was further examined with magnetic resonance imaging approximately 1 year later to assess the impact of video gaming on brain structure and function.ResultsPlaying video games for 1 hour per week was associated with faster and more consistent psychomotor responses to visual stimulation. Remarkably, no further change in motor speed was identified in children playing >2 hours per week. By comparison, the weekly time spent gaming was steadily associated with conduct problems, peer conflicts, and reduced prosocial abilities. These negative implications were clearly visible only in children at the extreme of our game‐playing distribution, with 9 hours or more of video gaming per week. At a neural level, changes associated with gaming were most evident in basal ganglia white matter and functional connectivity.InterpretationSignificantly better visuomotor skills can be seen in school children playing video games, even with relatively small amounts of use. Frequent weekly use, by contrast, was associated with conduct problems. Further studies are needed to determine whether moderate video gaming causes improved visuomotor skills and whether excessive video gaming causes conduct problems, or whether children who already have these characteristics simply play more video games. Ann Neurol 2016;80:424–433
Observation of Charge Separation and Space‐Charge Region in Single‐Crystal P3HT/C60 Heterojunction Nanowires
Authors: Park Kyung Sun , Lee Ki Seok , Baek Jangmi , Lee Lynn , Son Byung Hee , Koo Lee Yong‐Eun , Ahn Yeong Hwan , Park Won Il , Kang Youngjong , Sung Myung M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe directly observed charge separation and a space‐charge region in an organic single‐crystal p–n heterojunction nanowire, by means of scanning photocurrent microscopy. The axial p–n heterojunction nanowire had a well‐defined planar junction, consisted of P3HT (p‐type) and C60 (n‐type) single crystals and was fabricated by means of the recently developed inkjet‐assisted nanotransfer printing technique. The depletion region formed at the p–n junction was directly observed by exploring the spatial distribution of photogenerated carriers along the heterojunction nanowire under various applied bias voltages. Our study provides a facile approach toward the precise characterization of charge transport in organic heterojunction systems as well as the design of efficient nanoscale organic optoelectronic devices.
Eine zweiphasige Keramikmembran mit extrem hohem Wasserstoff‐Fluss durch Entmischung einer keramischen Vorstufe
Authors: Cheng Shunfan , Wang Yanjie , Zhuang Libin , Xue Jian , Wei Yanying , Feldhoff Armin , Caro Jürgen , Wang Haihui 
Published: July 2016

AbstractEin neues Konzept für die Synthese mehrphasiger Kompositkeramiken, das auf der Entmischung einer gemeinsamen keramischen Vorstufe beruht, wurde entwickelt und auf die Synthese einer zweiphasigen wasserstofftransportierenden Keramikmembran angewendet. Die Vorstufe BaCe0.5Fe0.5O3−δ zerfällt während eines 10‐stündigen Kalzinierens bei 1370 °C paritätisch in zwei thermodynamisch stabile Mischoxide mit Perowskitstruktur: In das Cer‐reiche BaCe0.85Fe0.15O3−δ (BCF8515) zu 50 Mol‐% und in das Eisen‐reiche BaCe0.15Fe0.85O3−δ (BCF1585) zu 50 Mol‐%. Im resultierenden Kompositmaterial übt die orthorhombische Perowskitphase BCF8515 hauptsächlich die Funktion des Protonenleiters aus, die kubische Perowkitphase BCF1585 ist dagegen der hauptsächliche Elektronenleiter. Die zweiphasige keramische Kompositmembran zeigt den extrem hohen Wasserstoff‐Fluss von 0.76 mL min−1 cm−2 bei 950 °C und 1.0 mm Membrandicke. Das Prinzip der Selbstentmischung einer Vorstufe in einen Protonen‐ und einen Elektronenleiter sollte auch auf die Synthese anderer ionen‐ und elektronentransportierender Keramiken anwendbar sein.
Klick‐Reaktion an der Arsen‐Kohlenstoff‐Dreifachbindung: Zugang zu einer neuen Klasse arsenhaltiger Heterocyclen
Authors: Pfeifer Gregor , Papke Martin , Frost Daniel , Sklorz Julian A. W. , Habicht Marija , Müller Christian 
Published: July 2016

AbstractArsaalkine gehen regioselektive und quantitative [3+2]‐Cycloadditionen mit organischen Aziden ein und bilden zuvor unbekannte 3H‐1,2,3,4‐Triazaarsolderivate. Das Reaktionsprodukt wurde als weißer, luft‐ und feuchtigkeitsbeständiger Feststoff erhalten und konnte mittels Einkristallröntgenstrukturanalyse eindeutig als planarer, fünfgliedriger, arsenhaltiger Heterocyclus charakterisiert werden. DFT‐Rechnungen gaben Einblick in die elektronische Struktur dieser neuartigen Verbindungen im Vergleich mit Tetrazolen und Triazaphospholen. Die Koordinationschemie in Bezug auf ReI wurde untersucht und mit der des strukturell verwandten Phosphoranalogons verglichen. Diese ersten Untersuchungen ebnen den Weg für eine neue Klasse arsenhaltiger Heterocyclen und schließen die Lücke zu bereits bekannten Azaarsolen.
High‐Throughput Mutational Analysis of a Twister Ribozyme
Authors: Kobori Shungo , Yokobayashi Yohei 
Published: July 2016

AbstractRecent discoveries of new classes of self‐cleaving ribozymes in diverse organisms have triggered renewed interest in the chemistry and biology of ribozymes. Functional analysis and engineering of ribozymes often involve performing biochemical assays on multiple ribozyme mutants. However, because each ribozyme mutant must be individually prepared and assayed, the number and variety of mutants that can be studied are severely limited. All of the single and double mutants of a twister ribozyme (a total of 10 296 mutants) were generated and assayed for their self‐cleaving activity by exploiting deep sequencing to count the numbers of cleaved and uncleaved sequences for every mutant. Interestingly, we found that the ribozyme is highly robust against mutations such that 71 % and 30 % of all single and double mutants, respectively, retain detectable activity under the assay conditions. It was also observed that the structural elements that comprise the ribozyme exhibit distinct sensitivity to mutations.