bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a lung cancer polygenic risk score incorporating susceptibility variants for risk factors
Authors: Ma Zhimin , Zhu Zhaopeng , Pang Guanlian , Gong Feilong , Gao Jiaxin , Ge Wenjing , Wang Guoqing , Zhu Mingxuan , Gong Linnan , Li Qiao , Ji Chen , Fu Yating , Jin Chen , Ma Hongxia , Ji Yong , Zhu Meng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIncorporating susceptibility genetic variants of risk factors has been reported to enhance the risk prediction of polygenic risk score (PRS). However, it remains unclear whether this approach is effective for lung cancer. Hence, we aimed to construct a meta polygenic risk score (metaPRS) of lung cancer and assess its prediction of lung cancer risk and implication for risk stratification. Here, a total of 2180 genetic variants were used to develop nine PRSs for lung cancer, three PRSs for different histopathologic subtypes, and 17 PRSs for lung cancer‐related risk factors, respectively. These PRSs were then integrated into a metaPRS for lung cancer using the elastic‐net Cox regression model in the UK Biobank (N = 442,508). Furthermore, the predictive effects of the metaPRS were assessed in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian (PLCO) cancer screening trial (N = 108,665). The metaPRS was associated with lung cancer risk with a hazard ratio of 1.33 (95% confidence interval: 1.27–1.39) per standard deviation increased. The metaPRS showed the highest C‐index (0.580) compared with the previous nine PRSs (C‐index: 0.513–0.564) in PLCO. Besides, smokers in the intermediate risk group predicted by the clinical risk model (1.34%–1.51%) with the intermediate‐high genetic risk had a 6‐year average absolute lung cancer risk that exceeded the clinical risk model threshold (≥1.51%). The addition of metaPRS to the clinical risk model showed continuous net reclassification improvement (continuous NRI = 6.50%) in PLCO. These findings suggest the metaPRS can improve the predictive efficiency of lung cancer compared with the previous PRSs and refine risk stratification for lung cancer.
Uterine rupture following prostaglandins use in second trimester medical abortion: Fact or fiction? A systematic review
Authors: Malvasi Antonio , Tinelli Andrea , Mulone Vanessa , Cicinelli Ettore , Vitagliano Amerigo , Damiani Gianluca Raffaello , Baldini Giorgio Maria , Dellino Miriam , D'Amato Antonio , Vimercati Antonella 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundProstaglandins (PGs) have emerged as key drugs in second trimester medical abortion (STMA) and are currently a cornerstone in obstetric practice. Nevertheless, the application of PGs, integral to labor and abortion procedures, is not risk‐free, and has been associated with several complications, particularly maternal fever and uterine rupture (UR).ObjectivesThe main outcome of the present systematic review was to assess the safety of PGs use in STMA, particularly in scarred uterus (SC).Search StrategyThe review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. We performed a comprehensive systematic review by searching multiple databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, The Cochrane Library, Health Technology Assessment Database, and the research registers of Web of Science during the years 1990–2022.Selection CriteriaOnly articles regarding cases of UR occurred after the use of PGs for STMA were included in the article. We excluded papers regarding UR during first trimester abortion induction of labor or pregnancy or unrelated to PGs use for STMA. Risk of bias was assessed employing a modified version of the “Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale” (NOS).Data Collection and AnalysisA total of 178 studies were initially identified as potentially meeting the criteria for inclusion in the review. After full text evaluation, 110 other articles were excluded and 67 studies that suited the inclusion criteria were included. A total of 19 of the included studies were judged to have a high risk of bias. Given the heterogeneous nature of the findings, we opted for a narrative synthesis of the results.Main Results and ConclusionsPGs appear to be an effective pharmacologic tool for STMA; however, their use is not entirely risk‐free. STMA requires well‐equipped obstetric centers with skilled clinicians and surgeons prepared for emergencies. Ultrasonographic scans should be routinely performed during STMA management, since a UR can also be silent during the induction of labor. Intrapartum transabdominal, transperineal, and transvaginal ultrasound may have the diagnostic potential to early recognize this obstetric emergency, to facilitate rapid medical and surgical treatment, improving the outcome.
Adolescents' offline and online social support: A study on latent groups and their relationship with mental health
Authors: Zhou Ziyao , Cheng Qijin , Ma Yujun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe internet has become a common space for adolescents to connect with others and find information. However, it remains unclear whether online encounters can serve as new sources of social support for Chinese adolescents. The present study aimed to identify distinct patterns in Chinese adolescents’ social support from both offline and online sources and to examine how these patterns relate to individual and family factors and adolescents’ mental health conditions.MethodsData were obtained from a cross‐sectional survey of 1031 Chinese adolescents (47.1% female, mean age = 13.67) in Foshan, Guangdong province. Latent profile analysis was performed with Mplus. Associations between the identified classes and auxiliary variables were examined with the “R3STEP” procedure and the DCON command in Mplus.ResultsWe identified four groups. Three groups showed consistent patterns in terms of receiving social support from offline and online sources, namely, the high support group (24.8%), moderate support group (43.8%), and low support group (15.3%), respectively. The fourth group received a moderate level of offline but low level of online support (16%), named the moderate offline‐low online support group. The groups differed in individual and family characteristics. Higher support was associated with higher life satisfaction, lower depression, and social anxiety, but also higher problematic internet use. Overall, the moderate offline‐low online support group showed better mental health than the other groups.ConclusionsOur study extends social support research by revealing heterogeneity in adolescents’ social support patterns. The findings encourage a balanced use of offline and online support.
Evaluation of Health Associations With Height‐Normalised Abdominal Body Composition Indices: A Single‐Centre Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Liu Yupeng , He Hangqian , Qian Keyu , Huang Yufeng , Ao Xuemei , Shi Xudong , Ruan Binye , Xue Ru , Fu Xiaoyi , Wang Shuran 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTraditional metrics such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) fail to accurately assess the health outcomes associated with abdominal adiposity, because they neglect the intricacies of adipose tissue distribution. Notably, the variability in body composition scaled to height remains underexplored in Chinese demographics. This study introduces height‐normalised indices of abdominal adiposity using computed tomography (CT) scans and further assesses their associations with various health outcomes.MethodsIn a large, diverse Chinese population (n = 1054 healthy individuals; n = 1159 with dyslipidemia; n = 803 with diabetes; n = 1289 with cardio‐cerebrovascular diseases; n = 1108 with cancers; and n = 509 with abnormal bone mas), abdominal CT scans were performed and allometric growth model analyses were used to derive height‐normalised indices (body composition/heightβ). Logistic regression models assessed the associations between these indices and health outcomes.ResultsDistinct scaling powers were observed for visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and total abdominal adipose tissue (TAT), as well as for sagittal diameter (SAD), with marked sex differences. Powers for VAT were 1.786 ± 1.270 for males and 1.274 ± 0.692 for females. Powers for SAT were 2.266 ± 0.856 for males and 1.656 ± 0.497 for females. Powers for TAT were 2.141 ± 0.967 for males and 1.438 ± 0.489 for females. Powers for SAD were 0.646 ± 0.217 for males and 0.678 ± 0.141 for females. After controlling for age, BMI and WC, VAT/heightβ, TAT/heightβ and SAD/heightβ retained their significantly positive associations with the odds of health outcomes, whereas SAT/heightβ did not.ConclusionsOur findings endorse the clinical utility of height‐normalised indices, particularly VAT/heightβ, TAT/heightβ and SAD/heightβ, in health outcomes assessment. These indices, grounded in robust empirical data, underscore the necessity of a nuanced approach in obesity‐related health evaluations, advocating for a departure from conventional methods like BMI.
Fusion of Color Correction and HSV Segmentation Techniques for Automated Segmentation of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Al‐Tahhan F. E. , Omar Emam 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis article presents an enhanced segmentation methodology for the accurate detection of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in blood smear images. The proposed approach integrates color correction techniques with HSV color space segmentation to improve white blood cell analysis. Our method addresses common challenges in microscopic image processing, including sensor nonlinearity, uneven illumination, and color distortions. The key objectives of this study are to develop a robust preprocessing pipeline that normalizes blood smear images for consistent analysis, implement an HSV‐based segmentation technique optimized for leukocyte detection, and validate the method's effectiveness across various ALL subtypes using clinical samples. The proposed technique was evaluated using real‐world blood smear samples from ALL patients. Quantitative analysis demonstrates significant improvements in segmentation accuracy compared to traditional methods. Our approach shows strong capability in reliably detecting and segmenting ALL subtypes, offering the potential for enhanced diagnostic support in clinical settings.
Use of the pectoralis minor and coracoacromial ligament for a biplanar coracoclavicular and acromioclavicular reconstruction: A cadaveric feasibility study
Authors: Cartaya Marco A. , Vargas Jorge M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a novel technique that focuses on vertical and horizontal stabilization of the acromioclavicular joint using two local autologous grafts, the pectoralis minor (Pm) and the coracoacromial ligament (CAL).MethodsTen fresh‐frozen shoulder cadaveric pieces were dissected. Length and width of the Pm and CAL were measured in their anatomical position and anatomical variants were noted. The Pm tendon was harvested at the myothendinous junction keeping the insertion at the coracoid process. The CAL was detached from the coracoid process keeping the acromial insertion. The free limbs of both grafts were prepared with the Krackow technique and the Arthrex SpeedWhip technique, respectively. The primary coracoclavicular reduction and fixation were with the button system or with two subcoracoid ultrahigh‐strength suture cerclage through and around the clavicle. The Pm graft was fixed inside a clavicular tunnel by a cortical button and the CAL was transferred and fixed to the lateral clavicle using a knotless anchor or intramedullary when lateral clavicle resection was performed.ResultsThe median length of the Pm was 50 mm (interquartile range [IQR]: 50–54), and the median length of the CAL was 36.5 mm (IQR 34–40) which decreased by 15% and 23% once were prepared with the Krackow and Arthrex SpeedWhip techniques to 44.5 mm (IQR: 30–65) and 30 mm (IQR: 22–32), respectively. The diameter of the prepared Pm graft was 5 mm (IQR: 4.5–6) and the CAL graft 5.5 mm (5–6). All grafts were able to reach the fixation points. The procedure was feasible in 100% of the cases.ConclusionA biplanar reconstruction using autologous Pm and CAL appears feasible in restoring the acromioclavicular joint stability.Level of EvidenceLevel IV. Basic science, anatomy, cadaveric dissection
Comparable long‐term functional outcomes of subvastus and medial parapatellar approach in total knee arthroplasty: A 10‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Hosseini‐Monfared Pooya , Mirahmadi Alireza , Amiri Shayan , Minaie Reza , Ghafouri Mohammad Hossein , Kazemi Seyed Morteza 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundSurgeons usually use the medial parapatellar or subvastus approaches for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The subvastus approach is rapidly gaining recognition to reduce damage to the extensional mechanism and recover faster after surgery. This study compares the long‐term outcomes of the conventional medial parapatellar and subvastus approaches in primary TKA during a minimum 10‐year follow‐up.MethodsIn a retrospective longitudinal follow‐up study from 2008 to 2013, 60 eligible patients for primary TKA were included. The patients were divided into two groups: one undergoing TKA with the subvastus approach (n = 30) and the other with the conventional medial parapatellar approach (n = 30). Postoperatively, the patients were followed up for 10–15 years. Patients were assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Knee Society Score (KSS), and Visual Analogue Scale index for pain.ResultsThe time required to perform an active straight leg raise (SLR) was significantly shorter in the subvastus group (p < 0.001) at early postoperation evaluation. Patients in the subvastus group had lower pain and better knee functional scores at the one‐year follow‐up (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the two groups regarding duration of hospitalisation, blood loss, operation time, length of the scar, and postoperative complications. Both approaches had similar long‐term results regarding pain and functional scores of WOMAC (6.2 ± 1.2 vs. 6.3 ± 1.3, p‐value = 0.69) and KSS scores (93.1 ± 6.8 vs. 95.0 ± 3.2, p‐value = 0.42).ConclusionThe subvastus approach was associated with a shorter time to achieve active SLR, higher functional scores, and better pain relief at early postoperative evaluations. However, both techniques had similar long‐term outcomes in terms of pain and functional scores, as measured by the WOMAC and KSS scales.Level of EvidenceII
Genotypes of carboxypeptidase A1 and gamma‐glutamyltransferase 1 may be useful tools for the diagnosis and the predictor of worrisome features of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm in Japan
Authors: Agawa Shuhei , Futagami Seiji , Nakamura Ken , Habiro Mayu , Kawawa Rie , Shinagawa Yuto , Motomiya Rina , Kirita Kumiko , Akimoto Teppei , Onda Takeshi , Tanabe Tomohide , Ueki Nobue , Honda Kazufumi , Gwee Kok‐Ann , Iwakiri Katsuhiko 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and AimThis study aimed to clarify whether several single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)‐related chronic pancreatitis such as carboxypeptidase A1 (CPA1), carboxypeptidase B1 (CPB1), Gamma‐glutamyltransferase 1 (GGT1), G‐protein‐coupled receptor Class C Group 6 Member A (GPRC6A), and serine protease inhibitor, Kazal type 1 (SPINK‐1) genotypes were associated with clinical characteristics of patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) and worrisome features of IPMN.MethodsWe enrolled 100 patients with IPMN and 116 patients as a control. Serum p‐amylase, lipase, trypsin, phospholipase A2 (PLA2), and elastase‐1 levels were measured. An Olympus EUS (GF‐UCT 260) was used to perform endosonography in 100 patients with IPMN. Total EUS score was evaluated using endosonography. DNA was isolated from the duodenal tissue using a commercial system and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on 7500 Fast PCR System.ResultsThere were no associations between glucose tolerances, lipid levels and genotypes of CPA1, GGT1, GPRC6A, and SPINK‐1 in patients with IPMN. CPA1 genotype was significantly associated with the pathophysiology of IPMN. Then, GGT1 genotype was also significantly associated with EUS total score and the size of cyst more than 20 mm and more than 30 mm as one of worrisome features of IPMN.ConclusionGenotypes of carboxypeptidase A1 and gamma‐glutamyltransferase 1 may be useful tools for the diagnosis and the predictor of worrisome features of IPMN.
On graphs for which large books are Ramsey good
Authors: Liu Meng , Li Yusheng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLet be a graph and a connected graph. Then is said to be ‐good if the Ramsey number is equal to the general lower bound , where and are the chromatic number and the chromatic surplus of , respectively. For a fixed graph with and , it is shown that if , then large are ‐good if and only if is a subgraph of for some , where is a matching of edges. We also give conditions for with respect to ‐goodness of large .
Prevalence and co‐occurrence of symptoms of mental and substance use disorders among people with HIV age 40 and older in low‐ and middle‐income countries: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Parcesepe Angela M. , Stockton Melissa , Bernard Charlotte , Kanguya Tukiya , Kwobah Edith Kamaru , Lopez Alvaro , Murenzi Gad , Ross Jeremy , Minga Albert , Maruri Fernanda , Tlali Mpho , Goodrich Suzanne , Perazzo Hugo , Musabyimana Françoise , Nimkar Smita , Lancaster Kathryn , Consortium IeDEA 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionDue to the increased effectiveness of and access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), people with HIV (PWH) are living longer. As a result, the population of older PWH has increased. Mental and substance use disorders (MSDs) are common and frequently co‐occurring among PWH and are associated with poor HIV care outcomes. Research into the prevalence and co‐occurrence of MSDs among ageing PWH remains limited, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs).MethodsWe analysed data collected between 2020 and 2022 from the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) Sentinel Research Network cohort of PWH aged 40 years or older on ART at 11 HIV clinics in Brazil, Côte d'Ivoire, India, Kenya, Mexico, Uganda, Rwanda, Togo, Vietnam, Zambia and Zimbabwe. We estimated the prevalence and co‐occurrence of unhealthy alcohol use (AUDIT‐C ≥3 for women, ≥4 for men), unhealthy drug use (ASSIST >3 for cannabis, cocaine, amphetamines, inhalants, sedatives, hallucinogens and/or opioids), and moderate to severe symptoms of depression (PHQ‐9 ≥10), anxiety (GAD‐7 ≥10) and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (PCL‐5 ≥33). Psychiatric multimorbidity was defined as having symptoms of two or more disorders assessed. Log binomial models assessed the association between socio‐demographic and HIV care characteristics and symptoms of anxiety, depression, PTSD or unhealthy substance use.ResultsOf 2821 participants, the prevalence of unhealthy alcohol and drug use was 21% and 5%, respectively. The prevalence of moderate to severe symptoms of depression, anxiety and PTSD was 14%, 9% and 6%, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of psychiatric multimorbidity was 11%. Among those with symptoms of at least one mental health or substance use outcome assessed (n = 1036), the prevalence of psychiatric multimorbidity was 31%. In binomial models, the prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety was higher, while the prevalence of unhealthy alcohol and drug use was lower among women than men.ConclusionsUnhealthy alcohol use and symptoms of depression were most commonly reported, among this cohort of PWH aged 40 or older across 11 LMICs. Integration of MSD screening and treatment into HIV care should be prioritized. The effectiveness and implementation of transdiagnostic or multi‐focus mental health treatment approaches in HIV care settings should be examined.
Evaluation of Microbial Phospholipase and Lipase Activity Through the Chromatographic Analysis of Crude, Degummed, and Transesterified Soybean Oil for Biodiesel Production
Authors: Eddehech Ahlem , Tropea Alessia , Rigano Francesca , Donnarumma Danilo , Ben Abdallah Emna , Cacciola Francesco , Mondello Luigi , Zarai Zied 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe present study aimed at synthesizing fatty acid methyl esters in a combined enzymatic method by applying degumming and transesterification of soybean oil. A soluble lipase from Serratia sp. W3 and a recombinant phosphatidylcholine‐preferring phospholipase C (PC‐PLC) from Bacillus thuringiensis were used in a consecutive manner for phosphorus removal and conversion into methyl esters. By applying 1% of recombinant PC‐PLC almost 83% of phosphorus was removed (final content of 21.01 mg/kg). Moreover, a sensitive and selective high‐performance liquid chromatography method coupled to tandem mass spectrometry was applied to obtain a comprehensive lipid profile for the simultaneous evaluation of phospholipids removal and diacylglycerol (DAG) increase. A significant increase for all the monitored DAG species, up to 138.42%, was observed by using the enzymatic degumming, in comparison to the crude sample, resulting in an increased oil yield. Serratia sp. W3 lipase was identified as a suitable biocatalyst for biodiesel production, converting efficiently the acylglycerols. The results regarding the physical‐chemical characteristics show that the cetane level, density and pour point of the obtained biodiesel are close to current regulation requirements. These findings highlight the potential of a two‐step process implementation, based on the combination of lipase and phospholipase, as a suitable alternative for biodiesel production.
Missed Adjuvant Therapy in Human Papillomavirus Positive Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Huang Lily , Patel Aman M. , Haleem Afash , Brant Jason A. , Maxwell Russell , Brody Robert M. , Carey Ryan M. 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveInvestigate missed adjuvant therapy and associated disparities in overall survival (OS) for human papillomavirus‐associated (HPV+) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).MethodsThe 2010–2017 National Cancer Database was queried for patients with surgically resected HPV+ OPSCC. Indications for adjuvant radiotherapy (aRT) included pT3‐4 classification, pN2‐3 classification, lymphovascular invasion, pathologic extranodal extension (pENE), and/or positive surgical margins (PSM). Indication(s) for adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (aCRT) included pENE and/or PSM. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression models were implemented.ResultsOf 5297 patients satisfying inclusion criteria, 4288 had indication(s) for aRT; 775 did not receive any adjuvant therapy and were considered as missing aRT. A total of 2234 patients had indication(s) for aCRT. Of these, 1383 (61.9%) received aCRT, 555 (24.8%) patients received aRT alone and were considered as having missed aCRT, and 296 (13.2%) did not receive any adjuvant therapy. Missed aRT and missed aCRT were each associated with age, treatment facility type, pN classification, and surgical margin status (p < 0.015). Among patients with indication(s) for aRT alone, OS of those receiving no adjuvant therapy, aRT alone, and aCRT was 90.0%, 94.8%, and 93.4%, respectively (p = 0.080). Among patients with indication(s) for aCRT, those receiving aRT alone and aCRT had similar OS (89.0% vs. 86.6%, p = 0.357) which was superior to receiving no adjuvant therapy (74.9%, p < 0.001). These patterns in OS persisted on multivariable Cox regression.ConclusionAmong patients with HPV+ OPSCC and indication(s) for aRT, missed aRT was not associated with worse OS. For patients with indication(s) for aCRT, aRT alone was associated with similar OS as aCRT.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 135:729–740, 2025