bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active flow control concepts and application opportunities
Authors: Bieler Heribert 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
Aerodynamics drives the aircraft performance and, thus, influences fuel consumption and environmental compatibility. Further, optimization of aerodynamic shapes is an ongoing design activity in industrial offices; this will lead to incremental improvements. More significant step changes in performance are not expected from pure passive shape design. However, active flow control is a key technology, which has the potential to realize a drastic step change in performance. Flow control targets two major goals: low speed performance enhancements mainly for start and landing phase via control of separation and drag reduction at high speed conditions via skin friction and shock wave control.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper highlights flow control concepts and Airbus involvements for both items. To mature flow control systematically, local applications of separation control technology are of major importance for Airbus. In parallel, but at lower maturity level, investigations are ongoing to reduce the turbulent skin friction at cruise. A popular concept to delay separation at low speed conditions is the implementation of jet actuation control systems flush mounted to the wall of aerodynamic components.

Findings
In 2006, DLR (in collaboration with universities Berlin, Braunschweig and industrial partner Airbus) started to study active flow control for separation delay towards application. Based on basic proof of concepts (achieved in national projects), further flow control hardware developments and wind tunnel and lab testing took place in European funded projects.

Originality/value
Significant lift enhancements were realized via flow control applied to the wing leading edge and the flap.
Women’s entrepreneurship policy: a 13 nation cross-country comparison
Authors: Henry Colette , Orser Barbara , Coleman Susan , Foss Lene 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
Government attention to women’s entrepreneurship has increased in the past two decades; however, there are few cross-cultural studies to inform policy development. This paper aims to draw on gender and institutional theory to report on the status of female-focused small and medium-sized enterprises/entrepreneurship policies and to ask how – and to what extent – do women’s entrepreneurship policies differ among countries?

Design/methodology/approach
A common methodological approach is used to identify gaps in the policy-practice nexus.

Findings
The study highlights countries where policy is weak but practice is strong, and vice versa.

Research limitations/implications
The study’s data were restricted to policy documents and observations of practices and initiatives on the ground.

Practical implications
The findings have implications for policy makers in respect of support for women’s entrepreneurship. Recommendations for future research are advanced.

Originality/value
The paper contributes to extant knowledge and understanding about entrepreneurship policy, specifically in relation to women’s entrepreneurship. It is also one of the few studies to use a common methodological approach to explore and compare women’s entrepreneurship policies in 13 countries.
How women entrepreneurs build embeddedness: a case study approach
Authors: Aggestam Maria , Wigren-Kristoferson Caroline 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine how women entrepreneurs are building embeddedness into male-gendered fields and how they are creating embedding in such fields in practice.

Design/methodology/approach
The qualitative methodology and three indicative case stories within gastronomic industry are illustrated and analysed.

Findings
The contribution of this study lies in the examination of the multifaceted embedding building process from dis-embedded, marginalised and suppressed position by women entrepreneurs. This was achieved with the help of building embedding through two strategies: sameness, that is, becoming one of the boys and then becoming a challenger, thereby enhancing their professional position.

Research limitations/implications
The study is subject to limitations; a small sample is not suited for the generalizability of results. The most important implication of this study is the identification of the process of building embeddedness as the most critical resource for women’s entrepreneurship that should be supported by the scholarly and business community.

Originality/value
The theoretical framework developed for this study laid the foundation for developing literature on the embeddedness of women’s entrepreneurship and how the process of creating embedding becomes instrumental in business ownership.
Condition-based maintenance modeling for a two-stage deteriorating system with random changes based on stochastic process
Authors: Zhou Binghai , Qi Faqun , Tao Hongyu 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a condition-based maintenance (CBM) model for those systems subject to the two-stage deterioration including a deterioration pitting initiation process and a deterioration pitting growth process.

Design/methodology/approach
Regarding environmental changes as random shocks, the effect of environmental changes on the deterioration process is considered. Then, non-homogeneous Poison process and non-stationary gamma process are introduced to model the deterioration pitting initiation process and the deterioration pitting growth process, respectively. Finally, based on the deterioration model, a CBM policy is put forward to obtain the optimal inspection interval by minimizing the expected maintenance cost rate. Numerical simulations are given to optimize the performance of the deteriorating system. Meanwhile, comparisons between a single-stage deterioration model and a two-stage deterioration model are conducted to demonstrate the application of the proposed approach.

Findings
The result of simulation verifies that the deterioration rate is not constant in the life cycle and is affected by the environment. Furthermore, the result shows that the two-stage deterioration model proposed makes up for the shortage of single-stage deterioration models and can effectively reduce system failures and unreasonable maintenance caused by optimistic prediction using single-stage deterioration models.

Practical implications
In practical situations, except for normal deterioration caused by internal factors, many systems are also greatly influenced by the random shocks during operation, which are probably caused by the environmental changes. What is more, most systems have self-protection ability in some extent that protects them to keep running as new ones for some time. Under such circumstances, the two-stage deterioration model proposed can effectively reduce system failures and unreasonable maintenance caused by optimistic prediction using single-stage deterioration models. In the combination with the bootstrap estimation, the paper obtains the life distributions with approximate 95 percent confidence intervals which can provide valuable information for practical system maintenance scheduling.

Originality/value
This paper presents a new CBM model for those systems subject to the two-stage deterioration including a deterioration pitting initiation process and a deterioration pitting growth process. Considering the effect of the environmental change on the system deterioration process, a two-stage deterioration model with environmental change factors is proposed to describe the system deterioration.
Working with communities on social media
Authors: Dai Mengyan , He Wu , Tian Xin , Giraldi Ashley , Gu Feng 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
American police departments are beginning to implement social media as a strategy to engage the surrounding communities through various methods, including Facebook and Twitter. The purpose of this paper is to examine the varieties in the use of Facebook and Twitter by local police departments.

Design/methodology/approach
This study collected all data between October 1, 2013 and March 31, 2014 from Facebook and Twitter accounts of seven city police departments in the Hampton Roads area of Virginia. These agencies resemble many police departments in the USA, and in total serve a diverse population of approximately 1,435,000. Content analysis and statistical tests are conducted.

Findings
Results show that specific types of posts are more engaging for the community. Facebook and Twitter interactions vary depending upon the type of posts, demonstrating that citizens are using Facebook and Twitter to interact in different ways.

Research limitations/implications
The findings presented here give police agencies’ insight on how to appropriately adjust their use of social media to fulfill the needs of the citizens and optimize interactions with the community.

Originality/value
This is the first study to systematically examine and analyze the varieties in the use of social media by traditional American local police departments and their interactions with citizens.
Toward a homogenization of academic social sites
Authors: Ortega José Luis 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the distribution of profiles from academic social networking sites according to disciplines, academic statuses and gender, and detect possible biases with regard to the real staff distribution. In this way, it intends to know whether these academic places tend to become specialized sites or, on the contrary, there is a homogenization process.

Design/methodology/approach
To this purpose, the evolution of profiles of one organization (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas) in three major academic social sites (Academia.edu, Google Scholar Citations and ResearchGate) through six quarterly samples since April 2014 to September 2015 are tracked.

Findings
Longitudinal results show important disciplinary biases but with strong increase of new profiles form different areas. They also suggest that these virtual spaces are gaining more stability and they tend toward a equilibrate environment.

Originality/value
This is the first longitudinal study of profiles from three major academic social networking sites and it allows to shed light on the future of these platforms’ populations.
Visual analytics of Europeana digital library for reuse in learning environments
Authors: Gaona-Garcia Paulo Alonso , Sanchez-Alonso Salvador , Fermoso García Ana 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to assess whether Europeana can be really seen as the new “Library of Alexandria” for digital resources from the perspective of teachers, academics and researchers that might want to retrieve and reuse those resources for learning purposes.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors define a systematic method for studying Europeana digital resources and their potential for reuse in e-learning environments. To achieve this, the authors explore the coverage of digital resources when searching information about a specific area. The paper studies the relevance of the results (thematic coverage) provided by queries targeting the resources’ metadata elements defined by the EDM Europeana model. All the data collected for this study from Europeana digital resources are the result of four explorations since 2012-2016.

Findings
The autors found that Europeana as a digital library has good levels of coverage of digital resources for those terms in the AAT thesaurus explored (terms from the “Styles and Periods” subset). This subset was selected as an example of faceted search given that it is a common search topic in the academic environment. However, it is important to remark the use of common vocabulary words provided by participants in order to obtain relevant results of search based on specific knowledge areas defined by AAT terms.

Research limitations/implications
This research used a relatively small sample size of resources which may not be representative of the general size of Europeana digital resources. However, the results are illustrative as they are based on a specific knowledge area of AAT (118 terms) which contains very common topics used in high school courses by students and teachers in the field of art and cultural heritage. The study also aspires to provide a systematic method for conducting future studies in other knowledge areas.

Originality/value
The coverage study aims to analyze if Europeana is a digital library that teachers could use for the development of learning objects in specific knowledge areas, through the reuse of free/open access digital resources.
You’re talking but is anyone listening? Connecting and communicating with employees in a hyper-connected world
Authors: Sterling Lisa 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this case study is to outline the internal communication strategies, tools, techniques and messages that can help organizations to foster transparent, deliberate communication with employees.

Design/methodology/approach
The author synthesizes three years of learnings and internal research, including regular focus groups and surveys with employees at all levels, to identify the specific steps organizations can take to achieve open and regular communication – and engage employees across the organization.

Findings
The case study explains key areas to connect and communicate with employees.

Practical implications
The author believes that the lessons and tactics described in this case study can be applied in all organizations.

Originality/value
The case study provides a unique set of lessons and best practices the author has uncovered firsthand which organizations can use to shape their own internal communications strategies and boost employee engagement.
SoftServe’s workplace launch for global collaboration
Authors: Logan Stuart 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to share how SoftServe launched a new internal communications platform Workplace by Facebook.

Design/methodology/approach
For a global company like SoftServe, operating in over 30 locations in Europe and the USA, it was crucially important to have an internal communications platform, which can effectively connect over 4,000 employees and be available on-the-go from any device.

Findings
The introduction of corporate social network helped to make internal communication two-sided, more informal and easy. This paper indicates the results of a new tool launch in terms of associates’ engagement and change in a mode of communication.

Originality/value
The case-study reveals step-by-step story on the introduction of a new communication tool to employees.
Thomson Reuters innovation case study
Authors: Silverman Victoria 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this case study is to demonstrate how you can generate employee enthusiasm through creative thinking and a campaign that drives engagement from the bottom up.

Design/methodology/approach
Creative solutions, engagement through early careers network, inclusion for all and democratizing the process.

Findings
Employees want to be engaged and feel like a part of the larger organization. If given the right opportunity, they will rise to the challenge and create a new momentum to drive innovation forward.

Originality/value
The campaign described was designed and implemented in-house.
Bridge the gap from strategy to execution: culture change that sticks
Authors: Bates Suzanne , Atkins Andrew 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
A 100+ year old organization was facing an enterprise-wide, multi-billion dollar transformation. A new, cross-functional team was brought together to spearhead this change, but faced challenges because of organizational siloes and lack of cross-functional communication. Following an in-depth assessment of the leadership team’s behaviors and their leadership presence, the president realized the team would need to change their communication strategies to drive the transformation.

Design/methodology/approach
Each leader was assessed using a research-based model of executive presence, the ExPI™, which is designed to measure specific behaviors of executive presence and leadership communication; the qualities of leadership that engage, align, inspire and move people to act. The team developed a “profile of success” highlighting their desired future state as a team, and compared that with the collective data on their strengths and gaps as a team. The comparison and insights from the comparison formed the roadmap for improving their behaviors as a team.

Findings
The leadership team ultimately became champions for the enterprise-wide change by improving communication streams and winning buy-in from their own teams and other stakeholders critical to the change. They’ve transitioned from seeing their role as protecting their vertical siloes to connecting their functions into a horizontal, integrated pipe that delivers fast, seamless value to the company and the customers.

Originality/value
This case study highlights the importance of creating culture change through leadership behavior. When an organization is faced with high-stakes transformation, change ultimately starts at the top. Leadership teams who invest in the hard work of changing their siloed actions, and hold themselves accountable for a new way of working, will be able to drive change more effectively and more quickly.
The counterpublic of the J(ewish) Blogosphere: gendered language and the mediation of religious doubt among ultra‐Orthodox Jews in New York
Authors: Fader Ayala 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWhile there have always been doubters and heretics among ultra‐Orthodox Jews, access to the Internet over the past fifteen years has amplified opportunities for anonymous expression and connection. An early key platform was the Jblogosphere (Jewish Blogosphere), which flourished between 2003 and 2009. This article focuses on four Hasidic bloggers (three men and a woman) who were part of a growing counterpublic of secret religious doubters. I trace how this counterpublic challenged the authority of the ultra‐Orthodox religious public sphere through gendered digital writing and reading in varieties of Yiddish and English. Linguistic resources for those engaging with the new medium of the blog became proxies for bodies that could not change without risk of expulsion. However, the counterpublic remained almost exclusively for men, reproducing the exclusion of women from the ultra‐Orthodox public sphere. The analysis focuses on dynamics between gendered languages and media/semiotic ideologies in order to highlight a historical moment when the mediation of religious doubt became publicly legible, with implications for religious change for individuals and their wider communities.
Singlet Oxygen Detection Using Red Wine Extracts as Photosensitizers
Authors: Lagunes Irene , Vázquez‐Ortega Fernanda , Trigos Ángel 
Published: August 2017

AbstractModerate consumption of red wine provides beneficial effects to health. This is attributed to polyphenol compounds present in wine such as resveratrol, quercetin, gallic acid, rutin, and vanillic acid. The amount of these antioxidants is variable; nevertheless, the main beneficial effects of red wine are attributed to resveratrol. However, it has been found that resveratrol and quercetin are able to photosensitize singlet oxygen generation and conversely, gallic acid acts as quencher. Therefore, and since resveratrol and quercetin are some of the most important antioxidants reported in red wines, the aim of this research was to evaluate the photosensitizing ability of 12 red wine extracts through photo‐oxidation of ergosterol. The presence of 1O2 was detected by ergosterol conversion into peroxide of ergosterol through 1H NMR analysis. Our results showed that 10 wine extracts were able to act as photosensitizers in the generation of singlet oxygen. The presence of 1O2 can damage other compounds of red wine and cause possible organoleptic alterations. Finally, although the reaction conditions employed in this research do not resemble the inherent conditions in wine making processing or storing, or even during its consumption, this knowledge could be useful to prevent possible pro‐oxidant effects and avoid detrimental effects in red wines.
Tiny Microbes, Big Yields: enhancing food crop production with biological solutions
Authors: Trivedi Pankaj , Schenk Peer M. , Wallenstein Matthew D. , Singh Brajesh K. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryPlant‐associated microbiomes have tremendous potential to improve plant resilience and yields in farming systems. There is increasing evidence that biological technologies that use microbes or their metabolites can enhance nutrient uptake and yield, control pests and mitigate plant stress responses. However, to fully realize the potential of microbial technology, their efficacy and consistency under the broad range of real‐world conditions need to be improved. While the optimization of microbial biofertilizers and biopesticides is advancing rapidly to enable use in various soils, crop varieties and environments, crop breeding programmes have yet to incorporate the selection of beneficial plant–microbe interactions to breed ‘microbe‐optimized plants’. Emerging efforts exploring microbiome engineering could lead to microbial consortia that are better suited to support plants. The combination of all three approaches could be integrated to achieve maximum benefits and significantly improved crop yields to address food security.
Is definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy effective for locally advanced head and neck cancer in the elderly aged ≥ 75 years: A single‐institute, retrospective, cohort study
Authors: Lai Kuan‐Ming , Lin Jen‐Tsun , Lu Hsueh‐Ju , Liang Chia‐Chun , Chen Mu‐Kuan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundDefinitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the standard treatment for locally advanced head and neck cancer (HNC). However, for very elderly patients, the comparison of benefit/risk between definitive radiotherapy (RT) with and without systemic chemotherapy was equivocal.Patients and methodsThe study was a single‐institute, retrospective, cohort study. Seventy patients aged ≥75 years who had a locally advanced HNC were enrolled. The patients were divided into those with CRT and those with RT alone. Survival, compliance/adverse events and independent prognostic factors were analyzed.ResultsFor baseline characteristics, the patients who received RT alone had worse performance status, comorbidity score and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio. However, during definitive therapy, the CRT group had more adverse events such as neutropenia, febrile neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. There were no significant differences in disease‐specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.864 and 0.788, respectively). As to OS, several independent prognostic factors were identified. Performance status (hazard ratio [HR], 2.312; confidence interval [CI], 1.176–4.546; P = 0.015), clinical T staging (HR, 2.240; 95% CI, 1.021–4.913; P = 0.004) and total RT dose (HR, 2.555; 95% CI, 1.246–5.238; P = 0.010) were independent prognostic factors of OS.ConclusionsDefinitive RT with or without systemic chemotherapy did not significantly influence DSS and OS for very elderly patients. Therefore, for elderly patients aged ≥ 75 years who have HNC, conservative RT might be sufficient for treatment purposes.