bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kidney Biomarkers and Decline in eGFR in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Garlo Katherine G. , White William B. , Bakris George L. , Zannad Faiez , Wilson Craig A. , Kupfer Stuart , Vaduganathan Muthiah , Morrow David A. , Cannon Christopher P. , Charytan David M. 
Published: January 2018

Background and objectives
Biomarkers may improve identification of individuals at risk of eGFR decline who may benefit from intervention or dialysis planning. However, available biomarkers remain incompletely validated for risk stratification and prediction modeling.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We examined serum cystatin C, urinary kidney injury molecule–1 (uKIM-1), and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (UNGAL) in 5367 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and recent acute coronary syndromes enrolled in the Examination of Cardiovascular Outcomes with Alogliptin versus Standard of Care (EXAMINE) trial. Baseline concentrations and 6-month changes in biomarkers were also evaluated. Cox proportional regression was used to assess associations with a 50% decrease in eGFR, stage 5 CKD (eGFR<15 ml/min per 1.73 m2), or dialysis.

Results
eGFR decline occurred in 98 patients (1.8%) over a median of 1.5 years. All biomarkers individually were associated with higher risk of eGFR decline (P<0.001). However, when adjusting for baseline eGFR, proteinuria, and clinical factors, only baseline cystatin C (adjusted hazard ratio per 1 SD change, 1.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.41 to 1.96; P<0.001) and 6-month change in urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (adjusted hazard ratio per 1 SD change, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.12; P=0.004) independently associated with CKD progression. A base model for predicting kidney function decline with nine standard risk factors had strong discriminative ability (C-statistic 0.93). The addition of baseline cystatin C improved discrimination (C-statistic 0.94), but it failed to reclassify risk categories of individuals with and without eGFR decline.

Conclusions
The addition of cystatin C or biomarkers of tubular injury did not meaningfully improve the prediction of eGFR decline beyond common clinical factors and routine laboratory data in a large cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes and recent acute coronary syndrome.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2018_01_16_CJASNPodcast_18_3_G.mp3
Políticas para a (não) manutenção da língua alemã em Marechal Cândido Rondon
Authors: Martiny Franciele Maria 
Published: January 2018

Neste trabalho serão abordadas discussões em torno das políticas linguísticas e educacionais que envolvem o ensino e aprendizagem da língua alemã no município de Marechal Cândido Rondon (PR) a partir da implantação do CELEM e do curso universitário de licenciatura de Letras Português/Alemão. A abordagem teórica está amparada na Sociolinguística com atenção voltada a contextos de minorias linguísticas, a partir de análises interpretativistas advindas da Tese de Doutoramento defendida em 2015. Como conclusão, tem-se que, apesar das inciativas supracitadas, para tentativa de manutenção da língua de imigração da comunidade, contatou-se a falta de adequação das propostas para um ensino culturalmente sensível, o que tem ocasionado salas de aulas esvaziadas, evidenciando também que os falantes estão deixando de aprender e ensinar alemão tanto em contextos formais (nos cursos existentes) quanto em contextos informais (em seus lares e na comunidade).
Model Dinamis Produksi Jagung di Indonesia
Authors: Rahmah Devi Maulida , Rizal Fahmi , Bunyamin Anas 
Published: January 2018

Peningkatan jumlah permintaan Jagung didominasi oleh permintaan dari sektor industri pakan ternak. Hal ini disebabkan semakin berkembangnya sektor industri ini.Luas panen Jagung pada periode 2005 – 2015 mengalami perlambatan yaitu dengan rata – rata pertumbuhan sekitar 1,76%. Hal ini menunjukkan semakin terbatasnya lahan untuk perluasan jagung. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari Pusat Data dan informasi Pertanian kementerian Pertanian RI menyebutkan bahwa penurunan luas panen terendah terjadi pada tahun 2006 yaitu sebesar 7,72% dan tahun 2011 sebesar 6,46% dan peningkatan luas panen tertinggi terjadi pada tahun 2008 yaitu sebesar 10,24%. Luas panen jagung pada tahun 2012 mengalami peningkatan sebesar 2,40% dibandingkan tahun 2011, sedangkan pada tahun 2013 luas panen jagung menurun sebesar 3,44% dan pada tahun 2014 meningkat sebesar 0,41%. Oleh karena itu perlu dipikirkan upaya yang dapat dilakukan untukmeningkatkan produksi jagung. Berdasarkan uraian terebut maka fokus penelitian ini adalah merancang sebuah model produksi jagung dengan pendekatan sistem dinamis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi sistem produksi Jagung di Indonesia, serta memodelkannya dalam sebuah model dinamis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sekunder dan diolah dengan menggunakan software vensim. Berdasarkan Hasil penelitian, sub sistem dibagi kedalam 7 subsistem, yaitu sub sistem produksi, permintaan, industri hilir, kebijakan pemerintah, modal, tenaga kerja, dan kelembagaan petani. Hasil perumusan masalah dalam tahapan proses pengembangan sistem, diperoleh rumusan masalah utama yaitu beupa ”bagaimana upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk dapat meningkatkan produksi jagung Nasional?”. Hasil perumusan masalah ini kemudian dianalisis sistem produksinya dan dimodelkan kedalam diagram kausalitas, stock flow diagram, dan model matematika. Model yang dihasilkan, menunjukkan bahwa tingkat produksi dipengaruhi oleh produktifitas dan luas lahan panen; Gap kekurangan produksi merupakan permintaan dikurangi dengan tingkat produksi; Penambahan kapasitas produksi diperoleh melalui permintaan dikurangi dengan tingkat produksi; Penambahan Kapasistas produksi lahan Potensial diperoleh melalui produktifitas dikali dengan luas lahan potensial; Luas Penambahan Lahan dapat diprediksi melalui Gap kekurangan dibagi produktifitas.Kata kunci: Model dinamis, sistem produksi jagung
Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Its Risk Factors In Rural Area
Authors: Puspita Florentina Caroline , Putri Leonita Ariesti , Rahardja Cindy , Utari Amanda Pitarini , Syam Ari Fahrial 
Published: January 2018

Background: Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is escalating in Asia. The present study aimed toinvestigate the prevalence of GERD symptoms as well as potential risk factors associated with GERD in residents in a rural area in Jakarta. Method: The study population consisted of subjects who aged 20 years or more and lived in rural area Kebon Bawang-Tanjung Priok, Jakarta. A self-administered questionnaire based on earlier validated questionnaire (GERDQ) was given. The questionnaire consisted of demographic characteristic, self and environment sanitary, social and past illness history, and the symptoms score for GERD. Total score for GERD’s symptoms score was 18, with a score of at least 8 was considered to have symptomatic GERD.Results: The questionnaire was completed in 90 subjects. Of the 90 subjects, 12 (13.3%) had GERDQ score ≥ 8 which was the cut-off for definingpresence of GERD. On both univariate and multivariate analysis, age 50 years old (OR = 6.33; 95% CI 1.1-35.6), handwashing habit before eating (OR = 6.93; 95% CI 1.1-43.8), and raw/tap water (OR = 10.28; 95% CI 0.8-130) were significantly associated with the presence of GERD.Conclusion: Prevalence of GERD was high (13.3%) in rural area in Jakarta. Age 50 years old, handwashing habit before eating, and raw/tap waterwere risk factors for GERD in this population.
Influence of External Forces on Bank Recapitalization
Authors: Ernovianti Etri , Ahmad Nor Hayati 
Published: January 2018

Purpose: This paper provides evidence of the influence of selected external forces during the banking crises on the recapitalized performance of banks in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand in the IMT-GT economic region.
Methodology: The study covers a period of 19 years from 1997 to 2015 across 45 commercial banks. The data was collected from the World Bank database and the global economy website.
Results: Although the strategy of capital injection used to strengthen the capital position of the banks proved positively significant, the results showed GDP, Inflation and Political Stability Index had different impact on the recapitalized banks' performance in these three countries. The overall results appears to indicate that external forces have higher impact on Indonesia banks compared to Thailand and Malaysian banks over the study period.
Implications: This study recommend recapitalize banks to efficiently utilize their enlarged capital base to expand their lending activities and investment to real sectors in order to generate higher economic growth for the IMT-GT region.
Genotyping of the Valencia Peanut Core Collection with a Molecular Marker Associated with Sclerotinia blight Resistance
Authors: Chamberlin Kelly D. , Puppala Naveen 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
Cultivated peanut, the second most economically important legume crop throughout the United States and the third most important oilseed in the world, is consistently threatened by various diseases and pests. Sclerotinia blight, (causal agents Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (S. sclerotiorum) and Sclerotinia minor Jagger (S. minor))is a major threat to peanut production in the Southwestern U.S., Virginia, and North Carolina and can reduce yield by up to 50% in severely infested fields. S. sclerotiorum has now been reported in areas of eastern New Mexico and west Texas where all U.S. grown Valencia peanuts are produced, commonly in organic cropping environments. Host plant resistance provides the most effective solution to managing Sclerotinia blight, especially in organic systems where pesticide use is not an option for disease control. To date, no Valencia cultivars with Sclerotinia blight resistance have been released. In this study, the Valencia peanut core germplasm collection was genotyped with a Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) marker associated with Sclerotinia blight resistance in order to identify potential germplasm for use in breeding to develop Valencia peanut cultivars resistant to the disease. Thirty accessions from the Valencia peanut core collection have profiles consistent with other genotypes that exhibit less that 5% incidence of Sclerotinia blight under heavy disease pressure. The identified accessions, after field evaluation, may serve as potential sources of Sclerotinia blight resistance in Valencia peanut breeding programs.
Minéralogie de la fraction fine des schistes de Steige (Vosges septentrionales)
Authors: Clauer Norbert , Lucas Jacques 
Published: January 2018

The purple "schistes de Steige" have undergone a strong ante-hercynian diagenetic action . Their lower than 2µ fraction is composed of illite, chlorite and paragonite ; it also contains sometimes dickite and ghosts of mixed-layer minerals .
During a second period, i.e., the Hercynian orogenesis, another diagenesis of tectonic origin resulted in a new paragenesis at their contact with the series of Villé : dickite and paragonite disappear and are replaced by pyrophyllite and albite.
Weathering manifests itself by the formation of kaolinite and mixed-layer minerals, which explains the coexistence of kaolinite and dickite in a strongly recrystallized series. This weathering also acts upon the illites whose interlayer cations become partly exchangeable.
First Measurement of the 14N/15N Ratio in the Analog of the Sun Progenitor OMC-2 FIR4
Authors: Kahane Claudine , Al-Edhari Ali Jaber , Ceccarelli Cecilia , López-Sepulcre Ana , Fontani Francesco , Kama Mihkel 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We present a complete census of the 14N/15N isotopic ratio in the most abundant N-bearing molecules toward the cold envelope of the protocluster OMC-2 FIR4, the best known Sun progenitor. To this scope, we analyzed the unbiased spectral survey obtained with the IRAM 30 m telescope at 3, 2, and 1 mm. We detected several lines of CN, HCN, HNC, HC3N, N2H+, and their respective 13C and 15N isotopologues. The lines’ relative fluxes are compatible with LTE conditions, and moderate line opacities have been corrected via a population diagram method or theoretical relative intensity ratios of the hyperfine structures. The five species lead to very similar 14N/15N isotopic ratios, without any systematic difference between amine- and nitrile-bearing species as previously found in other protostellar sources. The weighted average of the 14N/15N isotopic ratio is 270 ± 30. This 14N/15N value is remarkably consistent with the [250–350] range measured for the local galactic ratio but significantly differs from the ratio measured in comets (around 140). High-angular resolution observations are needed to examine whether this discrepancy is maintained at smaller scales. In addition, using the CN, HCN, and HC3N lines, we derived a 12C/13C isotopic ratio of 50 ± 5.
Monte Carlo Simulation of the X-Ray Halos of GX 5−1 and GX 13+1 to Test Models of Insterstellar Dust Grains
Authors: Clark George W. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Simulated dust-scattered X-ray halos, generated by a three-dimensional ray-tracing Monte Carlo code, are fitted to the observed halos of GX 5−1 and GX 13+1 by automatic adjustment of parameters that specify the distributions of the dust grains in size and location. Three distributions in size a are tested for the quality of fit they yield: the WD01 distribution, the BARE-GR-B distribution, and power laws of the form

. The best fits are obtained with multicloud models of the spatial distributions and power-law size distributions. Correlations between the fitted fractional distances of the dust clouds and the distance estimates of molecular clouds toward GX 5−1 and GX 13+1, derived from the velocity spectra of CO and the galactic rotation curve, favor distance estimates of 4.2 and 5.6 kpc for the two sources, respectively.
Le R.P. Francis Aupiais, missionnaire, ethnographe et député
Authors: Vasquez Jean-Michel 
Published: January 2018

Le père Francis Aupiais est un missionnaire français ( Sma ) envoyé au Dahomey de 1901 à 1926. À son retour, il dénonce le travail forcé en Afrique et veut réhabiliter par l’ethnographie l’image de l’Africain. En 1945, sollicité par les Béninois, il est élu député dans la nouvelle Assemblée constituante. Cet engagement en politique est-il le reniement de sa vocation missionnaire ou bien la conduite mais sous d’autres formes de ses nombreux combats ?
Église, économie et fraternité
Authors: Greiner Dominique 
Published: January 2018

L’Église romaine est réputée entretenir une grande réserve à l’égard des questions économiques. Je défends ici la thèse selon laquelle sa contribution est beaucoup plus riche que généralement supposée. Seulement, elle aborde l’économie dans un registre singulier qui met l’accent sur la fraternité et la gratuité. Le propos n’est pas que théorique. Il s’incarne aussi dans des initiatives concrètes qui cherchent à faire valoir d’autres possibles dans les manières d’investir, de produire, de consommer, de distribuer les richesses... Ces expériences, même modestes, méritent d’être racontées : elles peuvent stimuler un imaginaire qui a besoin d’être libéré d’une conception étroite, voire idolâtrique, de l’économie.
The Ability to Provide Quality Chest Compressions Over Lacrosse Shoulder Pads
Authors: Boergers Richard J. , Bowman Thomas G. , Lininger Monica R. 
Published: January 2018

Context:
Performance of quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation is essential for improving patient outcomes. Performing compressions over football equipment inhibits compression depth and rate, but lacrosse equipment has not yet been studied.

Objective:
To assess the effect of lacrosse shoulder pads on the ability to provide quality chest compressions on simulation manikins.

Design:
Crossover study.

Setting:
Simulation laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants:
Thirty-six athletic trainers (12 men: age = 33.3 ± 9.7 years; 24 women: age = 33.4 ± 9.8 years).

Main Outcome Measure(s):
No shoulder pads (NSP), Warrior Burn Hitman shoulder pads (WSP), and STX Cell II shoulder pads (SSP) were investigated. Outcomes were chest-compression depth (millimeters), rate (compressions per minute), rating of perceived exertion (0−10), hand-placement accuracy (%), and chest recoil (%).

Results:
We observed a difference in mean compression depth among shoulder-pad conditions (F2,213 = 3.73, P = .03, ω2 = 0.03), with a shallower depth during the WSP (54.1 ± 5.8 mm) than the NSP (56.8 ± 5.7 mm; P = .02) trials. However, no differences were found in mean compression rate (F2,213 = 0.87, P = .42, ω2 = 0.001, 1–β = .20). We noted a difference in rating of perceived exertion scores (F2,213 = 16.41, P &lt; .001, ω2 = 0.12). Compressions were more difficult during the SSP condition (4.1 ± 1.3) than during the NSP (2.9 ± 1.2; P &lt; .001) and WSP (3.3 ± 1.1; P = .002) conditions. A difference was present in hand-placement accuracy among the 3 shoulder-pad conditions (χ22 = 11.14, P = .004). Hand-placement accuracy was better in the NSP than the SSP condition (P = .002) and the SSP than the WSP condition (P = .001).

Conclusions:
Lacrosse shoulder pads did not inhibit the ability to administer chest compressions with adequate rate and depth. With appropriate training to improve hand placement, the pads may be left in place while cardiopulmonary resuscitation is initiated during sudden cardiac arrest.
Geomorphic influences on the contribution of vegetation to soil C accumulation and accretion in Spartina alterniflora marshes
Authors: Elsey-Quirk Tracy , Unger Viktoria 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Salt marshes are important hotspots of long-term belowground carbon (C) storage, where plant biomass and allochthonous C can be preserved in the soil for thousands of years. However, C accumulation rates, as well as the sources of C, may differ depending on environmental conditions influencing plant productivity, allochthonous C deposition, and C preservation. For this study, we examined the relationship between belowground root growth, turnover, decay, above- and belowground biomass, and previously reported longer-term rates of total, labile, and refractory organic C accumulation and accretion in Spartina alterniflora-dominated marshes across two mid-Atlantic, US estuaries. Tidal range, long-term rates of mineral sedimentation, C accumulation, and accretion were higher and salinities were lower in marshes of the coastal plain estuary (Delaware Bay) than in the coastal lagoon (Barnegat Bay). We expected that the conditions promoting high rates of C accumulation would also promote high plant productivity and greater biomass. We further tested the influence of environmental conditions on belowground growth (roots + rhizomes), decomposition, and biomass of S. alterniflora. The relationship between plant biomass and C accumulation rate differed between estuaries. In the sediment-limited coastal lagoon, rates of total, labile, and refractory organic C accumulation were directly and positively related to above- and belowground biomass. Here, less flooding and a higher mineral sedimentation rate promoted greater above- and belowground biomass and, in turn, higher soil C accumulation and accretion rates. In the coastal plain estuary, the C accumulation rate was related only to aboveground biomass, which was positively related to the rate of labile C accumulation. Soil profiles indicated that live root and rhizome biomass was positively associated with labile C density for most marshes, yet high labile C densities below the live root zone and in marshes with high mineral sedimentation rates and low biomass signify the potential contribution of allochthonous C and the preservation of labile C. Overall, our findings illustrate the importance of sediment supply to marshes both for promoting positive plant-C accumulation-accretion feedbacks in geomorphic settings where mineral sediment is limiting and for promoting allochthonous inputs and preservation of labile C leading to high C accumulation and accretion rates in geomorphic settings where sediment supply is abundant.
An alternative approach for socio-hydrology: case study research
Authors: Mostert Erik 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Currently the most popular approach in socio hydrology is to develop coupled human–water models. This article proposes an alternative approach, qualitative case study research, involving a systematic review of (1) the human activities affecting the hydrology in the case, (2) the main human actors, and (3) the main factors influencing the actors and their activities. Moreover, this article presents a case study of the Dommel Basin in Belgium and the Netherlands, and compares this with a coupled model of the Kissimmee Basin in Florida. In both basins a pendulum swing from water resources development and control to protection and restoration can be observed. The Dommel case study moreover points to the importance of institutional and financial arrangements, community values, and broader social, economic, and technical developments. These factors are missing from the Kissimmee model. Generally, case studies can result in a more complete understanding of individual cases than coupled models, and if the cases are selected carefully and compared with previous studies, it is possible to generalize on the basis of them. Case studies also offer more levers for management and facilitate interdisciplinary cooperation. Coupled models, on the other hand, can be used to generate possible explanations of past developments and quantitative scenarios for future developments. The article concludes that, given the limited attention they currently get and their potential benefits, case studies deserve more attention in socio-hydrology.
“Lùlù fún wọn”: Oríkì in Contemporary Culture
Authors: Carter-Ényì Aaron 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
In the song and music video “Lùlù fún wọn” (Drum for them), Ìjálá artist Kojo Àyánwọlá praises Lágbájá, whose name means “somebody, anybody, nobody.” It is a peculiar challenge for a poet to sing praises for such a person. Yorùbá praise poetry, known as oríkì, canonically identifies one’s place of origin, family heritage, and good deeds. According to Lágbájá’s oríkì, his mother is the one who sells cowskin, which could be just about anyone. Lágbájá’s music video celebrates oríkì while pointing out its incongruity with contemporary urban life, in which heritage and culture are obscured by the quotidian. This article presents a survey of recent performances and recordings that alternately adapt or juxtapose the oríkì tradition to life in contemporary Nigeria.
Ní àkékúrú, nínú orin “Lùlù fún wọn”, Asùn’jálá Kojo Àyànwolé korin ki Lágbájá. Òrò yí, Lágbájá túmò sí “enikan, enikéni, enìkan ò sí. Ó jé ohun tó le ní pàtàkì jù lo láti korin oríkì irú okùnrin béè. Ásà oríkì tí ó jé ti Yorùbá kanlè to pinpin ibi tí a gbé sàn wa, àwon isé ìdílé eni àti ìwà ohun rere tí a gbé se. Gégé bí oríkì Lágbájá, ìyá rè jé eni tí ó nta pònmó, èyí já sí pé ó lè jé enikéni. Àwòrán orin Lágbájá gbé oríkì l’áruge nígbà tí ó sì tún fi títako ìgbé ayé ìgbàlódé àárín ìgboro, níbi tí ìgbé ayé ìdèra ojojúmó ti bo àsà àti ìse ìbílè lójú. Ìwé yí se àgbéyèwò àwon eré àti ìgbàsílè sínú èro tí ó se àyálò tàbí àfiwé àsà oríkì pèlú ìgbé ayé òde òní ní Ilè Nigeria (Nàìjíríà).