bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ore Mineralogy and Mineral-Chemistry of Uranium Mineralisation, and Geochemistry of Metasomatised Calc-silicate Rocks at Raghunathpura, Mahendragarh District, Haryana
Authors: Roy Minati , Sunilkumar T. S. , Kumar Sanjay , Bhairam C. L. , Parihar P. S. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract:
Uranium mineralization at Raghunathpura, Mahendragarh district, Haryana is confined to a major shear zone within the metasedimentary lithounits which is marked by prominent alkali metasomatism. The metasedimentary lithounits of the area belong to the Ajabgarh Group of Delhi Supergroup and form part of the Khetri basin. Alkali metasomatised calc-silicate rock is the main host for anomalous uranium mineralisation and is mainly composed of tremolite-actinolite, diopside, scapolite (mariolite type), wollastonite, calcite, quartz, graphite and sphene. Hydrothermal/metasomatic alterations are manifested as multiple episodes of albitisation with minor microclinisation, carbonitisation, silicification and U-Th-sulfide-clay formation. The radioactive mineral phases are uraninite (uraninite I and II), coffinite, brannerite, U-Ti complex, uranothorite, thorite, allanite, monazite and associated sulphides are pyrrhotite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, molybdenite and galena. Repeated hydrothermal alterations in this shear zone has remobilised the uranium as seen by the alteration of uraninite, metamictised uranothorite and formation of remobilized graphite. Mineral chemistry of uraninites and their chemical ages indicate two distinct phases of formation of which the rounded uraninite I, rich in Th and REE represents the earliest phase with a chemical age of 809 Ma. Uraninite II with a chemical age of 745Ma is Th- poor and the mineral chemistry indicates its origin from a relatively low temperature fluid. Th-bearing and Th-poor coffinite are recorded, of which Th-bearing coffinite is the product of alteration of uraninite I and Th-poor is of remobilized origin. The observed mineralogical and chemical features are suggestive of a hydrothermal mineralisation associated with one or more episodes of alkali metasomatism.
Trace Elements and REE Geochemistry of Siriwasan Carbonatite, Chhota Udaipur, Gujarat
Authors: Viladkar Shrinivas G. , Gittins John 
Published: June 2016

Abstract:
The Siriwasan carbonatite-sill along with associated alkaline rocks and fenites is located about 10 km north of the well-known Amba Dongar carbonatite-alkaline rocks diatreme, in the Chhota Udaipur carbonatite-alkaline province. Carbonatite has intruded as a sill into the Bagh sandstone and overlying Deccan basalt. This resulted in the formation of carbonatite breccia with enclosed fragments of basement metamorphics, sandstone and fenites in the matrix of ankeritic carbonatite. The most significant are the plugs of sövite with varied mineralogy that include pyroxene, amphibole, apatite, pyrochlore, perovskite and sphene. REE in sövites is related to the content of pyrochlore, perovskite and apatite. The carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of some sövite samples and an ankeritic carbonatite plot in the “mantle box” pointing to their mantle origin. However, there is also evidence for mixing of the erupting carbonatite magma with the overlying Bagh limestone. The carbonatites of Siriwasan and Amba Dongar have the same Sr and Nd isotopic ratios and radiometric age, suggesting the same magma source. On the basis of available chemical analyses this paper is aimed to give some details of the Siriwasan carbonatites. The carbonatite complex has good potential for an economic mineral deposit but this is the most neglected carbonatite of the Chhota Udaipur province.
Remote Sensing and GIS Based Groundwater Potential Mapping for Sustainable Water Resource Management of Lidder Catchment in Kashmir Valley, India
Authors: Malik Mohammad Imran , Bhat M. Sultan , Najar Shahnaz Ahmad 
Published: June 2016

Abstract:
The valley of Kashmir is blessed with abundant water resources. However, high population growth and concentration of population at favorable locations have resulted in increased demand for water. The problem is further aggravated in Lidder catchment where unplanned tourism development has resulted in deterioration of water quality. Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) approach is adopted using IRS P6 LISS III satellite data 2010, geological map published by Geological Survey of India, toposheets prepared by Survey of India, 1961 and field observation. Seven thematic layers (slope, lineament density, drainage density, soil, geology, geomorphology and land use land cover) are generated in GIS environment and weighted according to their relative relevance to groundwater occurrence. Knowledge-based weights and ranks are normalized, and a weighted linear combination technique is adopted to determine the groundwater potential (GWP). The catchment is divided into five zones of very high, high, medium, low and very low GWP. The results show that 50.22% of the total catchment area, which is uninhabited, has very low GWP. However, the densely populated southern part of the catchment has moderate to very high GWP. The study demonstrates that MCE using remote sensing and GIS technology could be efficiently employed as a very useful tool for the assessment and management of groundwater resources especially in regions where data is poor.
Depositional Features in Tourist Beaches of Chennai Metropolis, SE Coast of India: Inferences from Grain Size Studies
Authors: Santhiya G. , Lakshumanan C. , Jonathan M. P. , Sundrarajan M. , Srinivasalu S. , Viveganandan S. , Uma-Maheswari B. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract:
The present study was undertaken to examine the depositional and transportation pattern in the tourist beaches of Chennai in SE coast of India. Twenty four samples were analyzed for textural parameters, Linear discriminate function (LDF), C-M plots and heavy/light minerals from beach, berm and dune regions. Results of textural parameters indicate that they are coarse grained in the three regions. Majority of the samples indicate that they are moderately well sorted, symmetrically skewed and leptokurtic. The LDF analysis allowed in identifying areas that are characterized by: (1) beach, (2) shallow agitated environment and (3) fluvial deposits. C-M plots indicate that the sediments in the beaches were deposited from the near shore environment. Heavy mineral analysis suggests that the heavy and light minerals were in the range of 0.5 to 16.9% and 82.08 to 98.14% and the light/dark layers are controlled by the prevailing tidal conditions in the coastal region. It is observed that sand is accumulating from the shallow agitated environment, while the transportation and deposition of sediments is mainly due to the interaction of tidal activities at the same time. C-M plots suggest that the sediments fall in the graded suspension and the saltation activities in the region also facilitate to understand the hydrodynamics of the region suggesting that they are deposited by high-energy activities.
A reduced-order model of three-dimensional unsteady flow in a cavity based on the resolvent operator
Authors: Gómez F. , Blackburn H. M. , Rudman M. , Sharma A. S. , McKeon B. J. 
Published: June 2016

A novel reduced-order model for time-varying nonlinear flows arising from a resolvent decomposition based on the time-mean flow is proposed. The inputs required for the model are the mean-flow field and a small set of velocity time-series data obtained at isolated measurement points, which are used to fix relevant frequencies, amplitudes and phases of a limited number of resolvent modes that, together with the mean flow, constitute the reduced-order model. The technique is applied to derive a model for the unsteady three-dimensional flow in a lid-driven cavity at a Reynolds number of 1200 that is based on the two-dimensional mean flow, three resolvent modes selected at the most active spanwise wavenumber, and either one or two velocity probe signals. The least-squares full-field error of the reconstructed velocity obtained using the model and two point velocity probes is of the order of 5 % of the lid velocity, and the dynamical behaviour of the reconstructed flow is qualitatively similar to that of the complete flow.
ProbioticLactobacillus gasseriSBT2055 improves glucose tolerance and reduces body weight gain in rats by stimulating energy expenditure
Authors: Shirouchi Bungo , Nagao Koji , Umegatani Minami , Shiraishi Aya , Morita Yukiko , Kai Shunichi , Yanagita Teruyoshi , Ogawa Akihiro , Kadooka Yukio , Sato Masao 
Published: June 2016

AbstractProbioticLactobacillus gasseriSBT2055 (LG2055) reduces postprandial TAG absorption and exerts anti-obesity effects in rats and humans; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In the present study, we addressed the mechanistic insights of the anti-obesity activity of LG2055 by feeding Sprague–Dawley rats diets containing skimmed milk fermented or not by LG2055 for 4 weeks and by analysing energy expenditure, glucose tolerance, the levels of SCFA in the caecum and serum inflammatory markers. Rats fed the LG2055-containing diet demonstrated significantly higher carbohydrate oxidation in the dark cycle (active phase for rats) compared with the control group, which resulted in a significant increase in energy expenditure. LG2055 significantly reduced cumulative blood glucose levels (AUC) compared with the control diet after 3 weeks and increased the molar ratio of butyrate:total SCFA in the caecum after 4 weeks. Furthermore, the LG2055-supplemented diet significantly reduced the levels of serum amyloid P component – an indicator of the inflammatory process. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that, in addition to the inhibition of dietary TAG absorption reported previously, the intake of probiotic LG2055 enhanced energy expenditure via carbohydrate oxidation, improved glucose tolerance and attenuated inflammation, suggesting multiple additive and/or synergistic actions underlying the anti-obesity effects exerted by LG2055.
Fermentation properties and potential prebiotic activity of Bimuno®galacto-oligosaccharide (65 % galacto-oligosaccharide content) onin vitrogut microbiota parameters
Authors: Grimaldi Roberta , Swann Jonathan R. , Vulevic Jelena , Gibson Glenn R. , Costabile Adele 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPrebiotic oligosaccharides have the ability to generate important changes in the gut microbiota composition that may confer health benefits to the host. Reducing the impurities in prebiotic mixtures could expand their applications in food industries and improve their selectivity and prebiotic effect on the potential beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. This study aimed to determine thein vitropotential fermentation properties of a 65 % galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) content Bimuno®GOS (B-GOS) on gut microbiota composition and their metabolites. Fermentation of 65 % B-GOS was compared with 52 % B-GOS in pH- and volume-controlled dose–response anaerobic batch culture experiments. In total, three different doses (1, 0·5 and 0·33 g equivalent to 0·1, 0·05 and 0·033 g/l) were tested. Changes in the gut microbiota during a time course were identified by fluorescencein situhybridisation, whereas small molecular weight metabolomics profiles and SCFA were determined by1H-NMR analysis and GC, respectively. The 65 % B-GOS showed positive modulation of the microbiota composition during the first 8 h of fermentation with all doses. Administration of the specific doses of B-GOS induced a significant increase in acetate as the major SCFA synthesised compared with propionate and butyrate concentrations, but there were no significant differences between substrates. The 65 % B-GOS in syrup format seems to have, in all the analysis, an efficient prebiotic effect. However, the applicability of such changes remains to be shown in anin vivotrial.
Basement composition and basin geometry controls on upper-crustal deformation in the Southern Central Andes (30–36°S)
Authors: MESCUA JOSÉ F. , GIAMBIAGI LAURA , BARRIONUEVO MATÍAS , TASSARA ANDRÉS , MARDONEZ DIEGO , MAZZITELLI MANUELA , LOSSADA ANA 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDeformation and uplift in the Andes are a result of the subduction of the Nazca plate below South America. The deformation shows variations in structural style and shortening along and across the strike of the orogen, as a result of the dynamics of the subduction system and the features of the upper plate. In this work, we analyse the development of thin-skinned and thick-skinned fold and thrust belts in the Southern Central Andes (30–36°S). The pre-Andean history of the area determined the formation of different basement domains with distinct lithological compositions, as a result of terrane accretions during Palaeozoic time, the development of a widespread Permo-Triassic magmatic province and long-lasting arc activity. Basin development during Palaeozoic and Mesozoic times produced thick sedimentary successions in different parts of the study area. Based on estimations of strength for the different basement and sedimentary rocks, calculated using geophysical estimates of rock physical properties, we propose that the contrast in strength between basement and cover is the main control on structural style (thin- v. thick-skinned) and across-strike localization of shortening in the study area.
Role of atopy in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: does an atopic condition affect the severity and recurrence of disease?
Authors: Li QC , Cheng KJ , Wang F , Zhou SH 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackground:The role of atopy in chronic rhinosinusitis is unclear: it is particularly controversial in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.Methods:A prospective study of 210 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps was performed. Patient demographics, visual analogue scale scores, Lund–Kennedy endoscopy scores, Lund–Mackay computed tomography scores, serum total immunoglobulin E levels, serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels and Phadiatop test findings were analysed.Results:There were no significant differences in age, sex, visual analogue scale score, Lund–Mackay computed tomography score, total serum immunoglobulin E level, serum ECP level or Phadiatop test results between patients with primary and recurrent chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. A total of 99 patients (47 per cent) had positive atopy tests. No significant differences in sex, visual analogue scale score, Lund–Kennedy endoscopy score, Lund–Mackay computed tomography score or recurrence rates were found between atopic and non-atopic patients; however, atopic patients were significantly younger than non-atopic patients. Atopy status did not correlate with disease severity.Conclusion:There was no association between atopy status and either disease severity or recurrence in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, although atopic patients were younger than non-atopic patients.
Clinical outcomes of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck: a single institution 20-year experience
Authors: Ali S , Yeo J C-L , Magos T , Dickson M , Junor E 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackground:This study reports the clinical outcomes of head and neck adenoid cystic carcinoma treatment over a 20-year period.Methods:The treatment outcome of 51 head and neck adenoid cystic carcinoma patients treated between 1992 and 2013 were analysed. Patients were stratified into radical treatment and disease control groups.Results:A total of 40 patients underwent surgery and post-operative radiotherapy. The 10-year disease-specific survival rate was 93 per cent. Eleven patients had tumour recurrence: of these, nine were pulmonary metastases. The 11 patients in the disease control group had a median follow up of 21 months (range, 2–172 months); 5 underwent radical radiotherapy with palliative intent.Conclusion:There was late tumour recurrence in over 25 per cent of patients. Adenoid cystic carcinoma has a high tendency to relapse even after radical excision and adjuvant therapy. However, definitive radiotherapy should still be considered on an individual basis because it may provide local control and prolong patient survival.
Analysis of the incidence and factors predictive of inadvertent parathyroidectomy during thyroid surgery
Authors: Hone R W A , Tikka T , Kaleva A I , Hoey A , Alexander V , Balfour A , Nixon I J 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackground:Inadvertent (or incidental) parathyroidectomy can occur during thyroidectomy. However, the factors associated with inadvertent parathyroidectomy remain unclear. This study aimed to report the rate of inadvertent parathyroidectomy during thyroidectomy and associated risk factors.Methods:Variables including fine needle aspiration cytology findings, age, sex, thyroid weight, concurrent neck dissection, extent of thyroidectomy, and the presence of cancer and parathyroid tissue within the specimen were recorded for 266 patients. The incidence of post-operative hypocalcaemia was also recorded. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify factors associated with inadvertent parathyroidectomy.Results:The inadvertent parathyroidectomy rate was 16 per cent. Univariate analysis revealed that cancer and concurrent neck dissection predicted inadvertent parathyroidectomy. On multivariate analysis, only concurrent neck dissection remained an independent predictor of inadvertent parathyroidectomy: it was associated with a fourfold increase in inadvertent parathyroidectomy.Conclusion:The inadvertent parathyroidectomy rate was 16 per cent and concurrent neck dissection was identified as an independent predictor of inadvertent parathyroidectomy.
A phonological history of Amdo Tibetan rhymes
Authors: Gong Xun 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this study, a reconstruction is offered for the phonetic evolution of rhymes from Old Tibetan to modern-day Amdo Tibetan dialects. The relevant sound changes are proposed, along with their relative chronological precedence and the dating of some specific changes. Most interestingly, although Amdo Tibetan, identically to its ancestor Old Tibetan, does not have phonemic length, this study shows that Amdo Tibetan derives from an intermediate stage which, like many other Tibetan dialects, does make the distinction.
Western Pacific hydroclimate linked to global climate variability over the past two millennia
Authors: Griffiths Michael L. , Kimbrough Alena K. , Gagan Michael K. , Drysdale Russell N. , Cole Julia E. , Johnson Kathleen R. , Zhao Jian-Xin , Cook Benjamin I. , Hellstrom John C. , Hantoro Wahyoe S. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractInterdecadal modes of tropical Pacific ocean-atmosphere circulation have a strong influence on global temperature, yet the extent to which these phenomena influence global climate on multicentury timescales is still poorly known. Here we present a 2,000-year, multiproxy reconstruction of western Pacific hydroclimate from two speleothem records for southeastern Indonesia. The composite record shows pronounced shifts in monsoon rainfall that are antiphased with precipitation records for East Asia and the central-eastern equatorial Pacific. These meridional and zonal patterns are best explained by a poleward expansion of the Australasian Intertropical Convergence Zone and weakening of the Pacific Walker circulation (PWC) between ∼1000 and 1500 CE Conversely, an equatorward contraction of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and strengthened PWC occurred between ∼1500 and 1900 CE. Our findings, together with climate model simulations, highlight the likelihood that century-scale variations in tropical Pacific climate modes can significantly modulate radiatively forced shifts in global temperature.
A replicator-specific binding protein essential for site-specific initiation of DNA replication in mammalian cells
Authors: Zhang Ya , Huang Liang , Fu Haiqing , Smith Owen K. , Lin Chii Mei , Utani Koichi , Rao Mishal , Reinhold William C. , Redon Christophe E. , Ryan Michael , Kim RyangGuk , You Yang , Hanna Harlington , Boisclair Yves , Long Qiaoming , Aladjem Mirit I. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractMammalian chromosome replication starts from distinct sites; however, the principles governing initiation site selection are unclear because proteins essential for DNA replication do not exhibit sequence-specific DNA binding. Here we identify a replication-initiation determinant (RepID) protein that binds a subset of replication-initiation sites. A large fraction of RepID-binding sites share a common G-rich motif and exhibit elevated replication initiation. RepID is required for initiation of DNA replication from RepID-bound replication origins, including the origin at the human beta-globin (HBB) locus. At HBB, RepID is involved in an interaction between the replication origin (Rep-P) and the locus control region. RepID-depleted murine embryonic fibroblasts exhibit abnormal replication fork progression and fewer replication-initiation events. These observations are consistent with a model, suggesting that RepID facilitates replication initiation at a distinct group of human replication origins.
The T300A Crohn’s disease risk polymorphism impairs function of the WD40 domain of ATG16L1
Authors: Boada-Romero Emilio , Serramito-Gómez Inmaculada , Sacristán María P. , Boone David L. , Xavier Ramnik J. , Pimentel-Muiños Felipe X. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA coding polymorphism of human ATG16L1 (rs2241880; T300A) increases the risk of Crohn’s disease and it has been shown to enhance susceptibility of ATG16L1 to caspase cleavage. Here we show that T300A also alters the ability of the C-terminal WD40-repeat domain of ATG16L1 to interact with an amino acid motif that recognizes this region. Such alteration impairs the unconventional autophagic activity of TMEM59, a transmembrane protein that contains the WD40 domain-binding motif, and disrupts its normal intracellular trafficking and its ability to engage ATG16L1 in response to bacterial infection. TMEM59-induced autophagy is blunted in cells expressing the fragments generated by caspase processing of the ATG16L1-T300A risk allele, whereas canonical autophagy remains unaffected. These results suggest that the T300A polymorphism alters the function of motif-containing molecules that engage ATG16L1 through the WD40 domain, either by influencing this interaction under non-stressful conditions or by inhibiting their downstream autophagic signalling after caspase-mediated cleavage.
Truncated Variants of Gaussia Luciferase with Tyrosine Linker for Site-Specific Bioconjugate Applications
Authors: Hunt Eric A. , Moutsiopoulou Angeliki , Ioannou Stephanie , Ahern Katelyn , Woodward Kristen , Dikici Emre , Daunert Sylvia , Deo Sapna K. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractGaussia luciferase (Gluc)—with its many favorable traits such as small size, bright emission and exceptional stability—has become a prominent reporter protein for a wide range of bioluminescence-based detection applications. The ten internal cysteine residues crucial to functional structure formation, however, make expression of high quantities of soluble protein in bacterial systems difficult. In addition to this challenge, the current lack of structural data further complicates the use of Gluc for in vitro applications, such as biosensors, or cellular delivery, both of which rely heavily on robust and reproducible bioconjugation techniques. While Gluc is already appreciably small for a luciferase, a reduction in size that still retains significant bioluminescent activity, in conjunction with a more reproducible bioorthogonal method of chemical modification and facile expression in bacteria, would be very beneficial in biosensor design and cellular transport studies. We have developed truncated variants of Gluc, which maintain attractive bioluminescent features and have characterized their spectral and kinetic properties. These variants were purified in high quantities from a bacterial system. Additionally, a C-terminal linker has been incorporated into these variants that can be used for reliable, specific modification through tyrosine-based bioconjugation techniques, which leave the sensitive network of cysteine residues undisturbed.