bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Children Grow to Love Stories
Authors: Reese Elaine 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Children develop an interest in stories of all kinds from the earliest days of life as a result of both genetic and environmental processes. Lower prenatal testosterone levels predict an early interest in people over objects, and temperamental tendencies to enjoy quiet activities over active play lead to increased interest in books and conversations. Joint-attention skills also lead to increased parent–child interactions during book-reading and reminiscing about personal experiences, which in turn support children’s oral language and socioemotional skills. Visual media can foster prosocial behavior in children, but TV/movies do not promote children’s oral language and socioemotional skills to the same degree as do high-quality parent–child conversations. Because gender differences exist in many of these factors, these combined influences lead to girls’ superior reading skills in early primary school.
The Dangers of Real-Life Stories
Authors: Reese Elaine 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Stories from real life can include inaccuracies and negative interpretations that harm well-being. First, biased questions lead to memory errors for details and whole events, especially for children and older adults with their relatively poorer episodic memory and source memory. Teens and adults can also create contamination narratives, in which they frame a life event as starting out good and turning bad. Teens are more likely than adults to suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after experiencing trauma, especially if they are prone to rumination and if they place the event as central to their lives. People with PTSD also exhibit less cohesive functioning of the brain’s default network. Family stories, too, can be connected with poorer well-being, so they must be told with care. Finally, real-life stories on social media can also harm well-being, with excessive social media a particular concern for young adolescents, and fake news for older adults.
The Thin Line Between Reality and Fantasy in Stories
Authors: Reese Elaine 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Throughout the lifespan and across cultures, people use their imagination for cognitive, social, and emotional reasons. Toddlers’ pretend play supports their language and thinking; preschoolers’ role-play and imaginary friends support their real friendships, theory of mind, and creativity; older children’s, adolescents’, and adults’ parasocial relationships foster self-esteem and prevent loneliness. The epitome of imagination in older children, teens, and adults is creating a paracosm or imaginary world, including fictional worlds in novels, films, and video games. In schizotypy and psychotic illnesses, imagination is impaired, especially for the future and for counterfactual thinking. Upward counterfactual thinking of better-case scenarios is linked to depression and anxiety, whereas downward counterfactual thinking of worse-case scenarios is linked to optimism, self-esteem, and well-being. The underlying brain development of imaginative simulation is the default network. Overall, imaginative simulation is linked to learning and well-being.
Mapping Dignity
Authors: Bayefsky Rachel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter unravels the concept of dignity by exploring its philosophical and historical underpinnings—for instance, the Roman concept of dignitas, Kant’s views on dignity, and dignity’s place in the international human rights regime. The chapter then explains how dignity functions in current legal debates, focusing on the American legal system. Dignity functions as both a site for and a mediator of deep divergences about values and worldviews. In other words, dignity serves as a focal point for the expression and management of social disagreement in law. Thus, the concept of dignity should not be dismissed as counterproductive simply because it is susceptible to differing, and ideologically charged, interpretations.
Dignity and Constitutional Standing
Authors: Bayefsky Rachel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter investigates the place of dignitary harm in constitutional standing doctrine. Article III of the US Constitution limits federal-court jurisdiction to “Cases” and “Controversies.” The Supreme Court has interpreted this requirement to mean that plaintiffs seeking to enter federal court must suffer an “injury in fact” that is “particularized” in the sense that it is incurred by plaintiffs themselves, and “concrete” in the sense of being “real.” When harm is physical or economic in nature, courts readily recognize the harm as “real.” But what about more “intangible” types of harm, such as stigma or disrespect? This chapter argues for greater recognition of dignitary harm as injury in fact in the constitutional standing analysis and explains how courts can productively integrate dignitary harm into constitutional standing doctrine.
Dignity and Apology
Authors: Bayefsky Rachel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines court-mandated apologies—a judicial remedy that raises fundamental questions about the bounds of courts’ authority. In the United States, court-ordered apologies occur in a limited subset of cases, such as certain criminal cases and attorney discipline proceedings. In other cases, parties may be heavily incentivized to apologize even if they are not formally forced to do so; for instance, judges may impose higher sentences on criminal defendants who do not show remorse. The chapter examines the multifaceted relationship between court-mandated apologies and dignity. On the one hand, an apology from the defendant can vindicate the plaintiff’s dignity by restoring the plaintiff’s status. On the other hand, court-ordered apologies risk violating the dignity of the defendant, and they raise First Amendment compelled speech concerns. This chapter argues against a blanket ban on court-mandated apologies, and it explores implications of these apologies for the topic of judicial encroachment on individual conscience.
What Was the Scientific Revolution?
Authors: Janiak Andrew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses Émilie Du Châtelet’s idea of the revolution in the sciences, which became a defining feature of the Enlightenment. Some influential figures accepted Du Châtelet’s specific conception of science as a collaborative endeavor involving many cooperating figures, but her conception conflicted with a growing desire to identify the hero of the revolution which was eventually considered to be Sir Isaac Newton. However, the widespread hero worship during the Enlightenment raised a problem because Newton’s Principia is one of the most difficult scientific treatises ever written. The chapter also explains how Voltaire became a partisan for Newton’s ideas. It mentions the central role the great mathematician Euler played in determining the law of inertia’s epistemic priority over principles of metaphysics.
The Enlightenment’s Most Famous Woman
Authors: Janiak Andrew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter explains Émilie Du Châtelet’s fame in the Enlightenment. Despite institutional barriers at this time, women found other means of participating in intellectual life such as salons. Meanwhile, Du Châtelet ensured that her ideas would circulate in Enlightenment academic life for years after publishing Institutions of Physics (Institutions physiques). The chapter explains that Du Châtelet died just as she became the most famous woman in science and philosophy during the Enlightenment. Diderot and D’Alembert's Encyclopedia, wherein her ideas played a prominent role, was published right after her death. It shows that the eighteenth century did not have the recent notions of copyright and intellectual property; therefore, although the outrage toward the plagiarism of Du Châtelet’s thought is understandable, it should be considered in a historically accurate way.
The Enlightenment’s Most Dangerous Woman
Authors: Janiak Andrew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter analyzes the relation between the making of modern philosophy and Émilie Du Châtelet, the Enlightenment’s most dangerous woman. It mentions how patriarchal intellectual structures in modern European history take various forms, but women are regularly excluded from participating in intellectual institutions. The shaping and reshaping of Madame Du Châtelet’s work and reputation during the Enlightenment involves a pernicious form of patriarchy. The men who led the Enlightenment’s most important institutions and controlled access to its most important text (Diderot’s Encyclopedia) never allowed her to participate openly. The tale of Du Châtelet’s reception indicates that if a woman’s philosophical work could not be characterized as derivative, she was excised from the official history.
Du Châtelet’s Enlightenment
Authors: Janiak Andrew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter presents Émilie Du Châtelet’s Enlightenment thought as a philosophy for freethinkers. It explains how conceptions of gender norms in Enlightenment philosophy were disassociated from other socio-political, philosophical, and religious commitments. Du Châtelet’s philosophical orientation in the preface to her Institutions of Physics (Institutions physiques) made her a great threat to her male interlocutors. The chapter considers several interpretations of Du Châtelet’s work, such as Institutions, providing Leibnizian metaphysical foundations for Newtonian physics. In the Institutions, Du Châtelet promotes harmony between science and philosophy not only for its own sake but also to prevent one discipline from dominating the other.
It Was an Attempted Coup
Authors: Althaus Scott L. , Bajjalieh Joseph , Jennings Jay , Martin Michael , Peyton Buddy , Shalmon Dan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Since its initial public release in 2013, the Cline Center’s Coup d’État Project has aimed to document every coup, attempted coup, and coup conspiracy anywhere in the world since 1945. It is the largest global registry of these destabilizing events. Using the Cline Center’s Coup d’État Project definitions, the storming of the U.S. Capitol Building on January 6, 2021, was an attempted coup d’état: an organized, illegal attempt to intervene in the presidential transition by displacing the power of the Congress to certify the election. In terms of the type of coup attempt, the complex nature of this event leads it to be categorized as both an attempted auto-coup and an attempted dissident coup, reflecting the distinctive activities of different actors involved in the event.
What January 6th Was Not
Authors: Brown Danielle K. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Just as it is important to use the correct terms to define the events of January 6, 2021, it is equally important to acknowledge what these events were not. This chapter argues for definitional boundaries that separate the common language used to describe democratic collective action behaviors from the wreckless, elite-sponsored behavior that seeks power through force and that is commonly employed to establish authoritarian governments and dictatorships. Specifically, terms like “protest” and “riot” should not be used to describe the events of January 6, 2021. Such boundaries are essential for protecting legitimate protests—a democratic behavior indispensable for the well-being, maintenance, and development of democratic governments.
“Fake and Fraudulent” vs. “An American Right”
Authors: Stromer-Galley Jennifer , McKernan Brian , Khoury Christy , Kim Pyeonghwa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
How should we understand January 6th? We cannot understand January 6th without understanding the rhetoric—the arguments that President Trump made to persuade the public and his supporters—that the election was stolen from him. The “Stop the Steal” mantra was an argument that Trump laid out over seven months during the campaign in his interactions with the press, on Twitter, and through ad buys on Facebook and Instagram. Using conceptual theories of social imaginaries, the chapter contends that Trump’s rhetoric constructed a narrative aimed to sow doubt about the accuracy of the vote count and encourage his supporters to reject the electoral outcome, culminating in the attempted coup on January 6th. His rhetoric is contrasted with that of Joe Biden. The contrast underscores how distinctly antinormative Trump’s rhetoric was with regard to the value we hold around the vote.
The Changing American Racial Landscape and January 6th
Authors: Thompson Andrew Ifedapo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The ongoing and forthcoming demographic shifts to the racial landscape of the United States have been known for some time but have become more salient because of rising public awareness of these changes and elite messaging. They are now so well known that they have become politicized, particularly among Republicans. Expectations about these shifts are simple: white Americans will become a numerical minority and Americans of color will become the numerical majority by midcentury. Importantly, the increasing connection of these changes to the American political system has led to serious changes in attitudes, none greater than a threat to American democracy. Antidemocratic attitudes among Republicans specifically are strongly motivated by views of racial threat from these perceived demographic changes. This chapter articulates how these antidemocratic views likely helped drive January 6th insurrectionists, and their implications for the American public and democracy at large.
Asymmetrical Identity-Driven Wrongness in American Politics
Authors: Young Dannagal G. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
January 6th was a glaring illustration of “identity-driven wrongness,” or belief in falsehoods driven by individual needs related to our social identities: our needs for comprehension, control, and, most of all, community. We seek to understand our worlds in ways that benefit our team (comprehension), have agency over our lives in ways that empower our teams (control), and feel socially connected to our team (community). In the U.S. context, changes in the sociodemographic and cultural composition of our political parties have served as an accelerant for political identity-driven wrongness. Over the past 40 years, Americans who identify with a particular political party have become more like-looking, like-worshiping, like-living, and like-valuing—especially on the political right, where the Republican Party has become more homogeneously white, Christian, rural, and ideologically and culturally conservative. As these group categorizations come to align with one another, Americans’ political “mega-identities” increasingly encapsulate two different ways of being, living, and knowing. These political mega-identities also offer a fruitful and lucrative well that is readily tapped into by political elites, journalists, and partisan and social media. Our mediated political world thus serves as an identity-distillation apparatus, drawing upon emotionally evocative mega-identities, reinforcing and distilling them in the process. In 2020–2021, the conservative identity-distillation apparatus successfully defined how Republicans could satisfy their identity-driven needs for comprehension, control, and community. And the answer was the Big Lie.
What Can “We” Do?
Authors: Burack Cynthia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Assuming that the attack on the U.S. Capitol of January 6, 2021, was an assault on American democracy, this chapter suggests measures that liberals and progressives can take to respond to the threat of right-wing authoritarianism in U.S. politics. The first suggestion for Americans on the political left is to recognize and minimize the enmity associated with affective polarization. The second suggestion is to construct a liberal patriotism in response to right-wing political extremism. No political strategy is guaranteed to defuse threats to democracy such as January 6. However, liberals and progressives can reevaluate their political aims and practices to take into account the fragility of political norms and institutions.
Political Communication Research at a Time of Democratic Crises
Authors: Kreiss Daniel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter argues that the interdisciplinary field of researchers concerned with threats to democracy needs to move from its empirical and normative concern over polarization to talking about status threats. This requires centering an understanding of both social structure (the relative position of varying groups in societies) and perceptions of those positions and threats to them. The chapter argues that struggles for racial and social justice are often polarizing precisely because they threaten the status of powerful social groups. In the case of January 6th, the chapter argues that Trump and his Republican allies told a clear story that the dominant coalition represented by their party—whites and white Christians—was under significant threat from those marginalized in America’s racial and social hierarchy. The chapter concludes by arguing that media and communication scholars should focus on how people come to see themselves as members of social groups with political interests and analyze when these groups perceive their power under such threat that they engage in political violence, such as on January 6th.
Taking It to the States
Authors: Friedland Lewis 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
U.S. states are the central battlegrounds in the fight for democracy, but not all states are the same. They vary widely in demography, media ecosystems, and political balance. The rising tide of authoritarianism is represented by the Republican Party; in contrast, Democratic parties, however, imperfect, are the last line of defense. Political communication scholars should recognize these facts in the interest of both a more realistic scholarship and as citizen-scholars defending democracy. Some portion of political communication scholarship should be oriented toward usable practical strategies written in the clear, straightforward language of persuasion, winning majorities, and aiding democratic groups on the ground in the states and localities.
Reparation through Reporting
Authors: Clark Meredith D. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Building on the concept of reparative journalism introduced in Meredith D. Clark’s 2020 Nieman Lab prediction for the future of journalism, this chapter envisions the impact of racial justice in reporting practices. The chapter describes how the former U.S. president exploited news values developed through the exclusion of nonwhite voices to advance messages of division, dominance, and, ultimately, insurrection, making mainstream news media complicit in his assault on democracy. The chapter advances some of reparative journalism’s core values, particularly critical intentionality, a call to purposefully examine how power is manifest in journalistic practices today.
Laboring for Hercules
Authors: Harness Kelley 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Thousands of individuals labored to create the elaborate pageant carts, costumes (for both riders and horses), scenery, and machines necessary to project the magnificence of the horse ballets. The survival of account books from the second half of the seventeenth century allows for a greater understanding of just how much money the Medici family paid for individual entertainments. These account books itemize the amounts spent on materials and labor, and, in the case of the 1661 horse ballet Il mondo festeggiante, offer a day-by-day view of the job sites, complete with the delivery of building supplies, construction mishaps, and job-related injuries. The survival of weekly payrolls, which include workers’ names, occupations, daily wages, and number of days per week worked, offers important new information on construction wages. It also sheds light on just how many individuals worked for nearly eight months to prepare a work that was performed twice.
Hercules at a Crossroads
Authors: Harness Kelley 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
References to Hercules returned in the final two Medici horse ballets—the anonymous La strage de’ mostri (The Massacre of the Monsters) of 1671 and Alessandro Segni’s Le prove della sapienza, e del valore (The Contests between Wisdom and Valor) of 1686, both performed in the Piazza Santa Maria Novella. Whereas in the horse ballets of 1652 and 1661 Hercules served as a model for emulation, these later entertainments characterized the hero and his labors as ineffectual and in need of shoring up, a pessimistic tone prompted, perhaps, by recent Ottoman military successes. The 1686 horse ballet was also the final such work sponsored by the Medici. While the need for public displays of horsemanship and military prowess remained important to young noblemen, the court outsourced these exhibitions to the newly founded Accademia dei Nobili. In this way they relieved themselves of the financial burden such events had become while continuing to reap the rewards.
The Funk Frequency
Authors: Calvillo Jonathan E. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the role of funk culture as a resonance channel that facilitated the reception of Hip Hop within Brown Los Angeles. Funk culture, a confluence of various regional Black American cultural expressions related to funk music on the West Coast, laid the foundation for what would become West Coast Hip Hop. Before Hip Hop’s arrival, many creatives from Brown Los Angeles engaged in forms of funk culture, adapting it into aspects of their own expression. This chapter looks at the influence of funk-based movements, like street dance and the mobile DJ scene, on Brown Los Angeles. Black DJ crews were especially key in the emerging scene, and resonances existed between them and primarily Chicano DJ crews that ultimately shaped West Coast Hip Hop.
Translating Elementary Knowledge
Authors: Calvillo Jonathan E. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the interpersonal ways that Hip Hop was translated from New York City to Brown Los Angeles. The life of a Bronx transplant, Mark Santiago, provides a template for the process of interpersonal cultural transmission that took place for many creatives in Los Angeles who came to embrace Hip Hop. As demonstrated in this chapter, as part of media depictions of Hip Hop, migrant creatives who relocated to the West Coast played important roles in teaching their peers about the Hip Hop elements, and often helped form Hip Hop crews. Translocal connections became an important aspect of the development of Hip Hop, and suggest that regional resonances were multidirectional, also flowing from West to East.
Crossing Freeways with Flyways
Authors: Calvillo Jonathan E. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores how creatives from Brown Los Angeles crossed boundaries of race and place to expand their opportunities within Hip Hop. Crossing boundaries in resonant fashion involved creative collaborations and resource transmission across social differences. In the second half of the 1980s, crossing boundaries of race and place posed new challenges. Increased salience in boundaries of race and place altered the West Coast scene. In some Hip Hop contexts, a Black/brown divide became especially salient, with racial politics between Black American and Latine populations influencing societal expectations about Los Angeles Hip Hop. The Harbor Area serves as a key site and helpful starting point for exploring social boundary negotiations in the scene. I examine cases of brown creatives from this region, and look beyond as well. In crossing social boundaries to expand their artistic opportunities, brown creatives expressed a sense of commitment to Hip Hop’s maintenance.