bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of phytochemical content and drying efficiency of onions (Allium cepa L.) through blanching
Authors: Ren Feiyue , Perussello Camila A , Zhang Zhihang , Gaffney Michael T , Kerry Joseph P , Tiwari Brijesh K 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study investigated the effect of blanching (60, 70 and 80 °C for 1, 3, 5 and 10 min) combined with oven drying at 60 °C on the phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, colour and drying characteristics (drying time, drying rate constant, effective moisture diffusivity and activation energy) of onion slices.RESULTSBlanching of onion slices at 60 °C for 3 min and at 70 °C for 1 min prior to drying increased their bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity compared to the control samples and other treatments. Eighteen drying models were evaluated. The Modified Page and two‐term exponential models best represented the drying data. The effective diffusivity ranged from 3.32 × 10−11 m2 s−1 (control) to 5.27 × 10−11 m2 s−1, 5.01 × 10−11 m2 s−1, and 4.74 × 10−11 m2 s−1 for onions blanched at 60 °C, 70 °C and 80 °C, respectively. The higher activation energy was observed for the control (unblanched) sample and slightly lower values were found for 1 min‐ and 3 min‐blanched samples, confirming the higher drying efficiency as a result of the blanching pre‐treatment.CONCLUSIONThe use of blanching as a pre‐treatment before drying of onions resulted in enhanced phytochemical content and drying efficiency. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Solid Renal Tumors Isoenhancing to Kidneys on Contrast‐Enhanced Sonography: Differentiation From Pseudomasses
Authors: Bertolotto Michele , Cicero Calogero , Catalano Orlando , Currò Francesca , Derchi Lorenzo Egildo 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of solid renal tumors isoenhancing to kidneys in all vascular phases on contrast‐enhanced sonography and to investigate whether they can be differentiated from pseudomasses.MethodsA computer search of the databases of 3 institutions identified 31 patients with pseudomasses and 380 patients with solid tumors investigated with contrast‐enhanced sonography. Nineteen of 380 (5%) patients had tumors isoenhancing in all phases. Images and clips of these 19 tumors and the 31 pseudomasses were blindly assessed by 2 radiologists. They were asked to differentiate tumors from pseudomasses based on echogenicity, vascular architecture, and the presence of the medulla.ResultsIsoenhancing tumors were clear cell carcinomas (n = 7), angiomyolipomas (n = 3), papillary tumors (n = 3), metastasis (n = 1), and oncocytoma (n = 1). In the 4 nonoperated tumors, the diagnosis was confirmed by progression during the follow‐up. There were 3 markedly hyperechoic, 11 mildly hypo/hyperechoic, and 5 isoechoic masses. Most pseudomasses were isoechoic to kidneys (23 of 31), with the medulla identified in 22 of 31 and 15 of 31 by radiologists 1 and 2, respectively. One and 2 pseudomasses were considered tumors by radiologists 1 and 2, respectively. One isoechoic isoenhancing tumor was not identified on contrast‐enhanced sonography. Isoenhancing tumors in all phases were differentiated from pseudomasses by combining grayscale and contrast‐enhanced sonography (areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.997 for reader 1; 0.969 for reader 2), with very good inter‐reader agreement (weighted κ = 0.81).ConclusionsIn our retrospective study, 5% of solid renal lesions were isoenhancing to kidneys in all phases. Differentiation from pseudomasses was possible by looking at baseline sonographic features and vascular characteristics.
Contemporary management of advanced laryngeal cancer
Authors: Britt Christopher J. , Gourin Christine G. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThe treatment of advanced laryngeal cancer has undergone a paradigm shift in recent years, with an increase in chemoradiation for organ preservation and a decrease in primary surgery. This review will summarize the contemporary management of advanced laryngeal cancer and discuss treatment‐related toxicity and strategies to improve outcomes.Level of EvidenceNA.
Cervical Spine Anomalies: Children in One of the Oldest Churches in Poland
Authors: Marchewka J. , Borowska‐Strugińska B. , Czuszkiewicz J. , Kliś K. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis paper presents pathological changes indicative of type II Klippel–Feil syndrome identified in the skeleton of a child uncovered in one of the oldest Christian churches in Poland (first half of the 11th century) with the archaeological layer containing the burial dated to the 13th–15th centuries. The age at death of the child was estimated at 9 to 10 years. The third and fourth cervical vertebrae of this individual were fused asymmetrically, leading to torticollis. The apex of the dens axis (odontoid process) was V‐shaped, which is consistent with clinical descriptions of ossiculum terminale. The laminae of the second sacral vertebra were found to be fused but positioned asymmetrically with respect to one another, while the laminae of the third and fourth vertebrae were hypoplastic, suggesting spina bifida of the sacrum. This configuration of anomalies is symptomatic of type II Klippel–Feil syndrome. In addition, the studied individual revealed heterotopic ossification on the supinator crest of the ulna, which may have arisen as a result of dislocation of the elbow joint. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mapping the in vitro interactome of cardiac sodium (Na+)‐calcium (Ca2+) exchanger 1 (NCX1)
Authors: Lubelwana Hafver Tandekile , Wanichawan Pimthanya , Manfra Ornella , de Souza Gustavo Antonio , Lunde Marianne , Martinsen Marita , Louch William Edward , Sejersted Ole Mathias , Carlson Cathrine Rein 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe sodium (Na+)‐calcium (Ca2+) exchanger 1 (NCX1) is an antiporter membrane protein encoded by the SLC8A1 gene. In the heart, it maintains cytosolic Ca2+ homeostasis, serving as the primary mechanism for Ca2+ extrusion during relaxation. Dysregulation of NCX1 is observed in end‐stage human heart failure. In this study, we used affinity purification coupled with MS in rat left ventricle lysates to identify novel NCX1 interacting proteins in the heart. Two screens were conducted using: (1) anti‐NCX1 against endogenous NCX1 and (2) anti‐His (where His is histidine) with His‐trigger factor‐NCX1cyt recombinant protein as bait. The respective methods identified 112 and 350 protein partners, of which several were known NCX1 partners from the literature, and 29 occurred in both screens. Ten novel protein partners (DYRK1A, PPP2R2A, SNTB1, DMD, RABGGTA, DNAJB4, BAG3, PDE3A, POPDC2, STK39) were validated for binding to NCX1, and two partners (DYRK1A, SNTB1) increased NCX1 activity when expressed in HEK293 cells. A cardiac NCX1 protein–protein interaction map was constructed. The map was highly connected, containing distinct clusters of proteins with different biological functions, where “cell communication” and “signal transduction” formed the largest clusters. The NCX1 interactome was also significantly enriched with proteins/genes involved in “cardiovascular disease” which can be explored as novel drug targets in future research.
Direct arylation polymerization toward ultra‐low bandgap poly(thienoisoindigo‐alt‐diketopyrrolepyrrole) conjugated polymers: The effect of β‐protection on the polymerization and properties of the polymers
Authors: Wang Kai , Huang Jing , Ko Jieun , Leong Wei Lin , Wang Mingfeng 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTDirect arylation polymerization between derivatives of dibromodiketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) and thienoisoindigo (TIIG) resulted in two π‐conjugated copolymers with average molecular weights up to 24.0 kDa and bandgaps as low as 0.8 eV. The structural analysis of the obtained two polymers revealed well‐defined alternating conjugation backbones without obvious structural defects. The introduction of hexyl‐group in the β‐position of thiophene rings in the DPP units not only reduces the bandgap of conjugated polymer compared to a similar polymer containing bare‐thiophene flanked DPP but also affects polymer morphology in thin films. P‐type charge‐transport characteristics were observed for two polymers in organic field‐effect transistors with comparable hole mobilities. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 3205–3213
Fully charged: Maximizing the potential of cationic polyelectrolytes in applications ranging from membranes to gene delivery through rational design
Authors: Freyer Jessica L. , Brucks Spencer D. , Campos Luis M. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTPolyelectrolytes have found utility across various applications in materials science, from electrochemical devices to biotechnology, due to their facile processing and tunable properties. Through chemistry, rational manipulation of molecular structure enables individual families of polyelectrolytes to be used in emerging advanced applications. In this perspective, we focus on cationic systems, and we describe how various structural motifs influence macromolecular properties for anion exchange membranes and gene delivery vectors. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 3167–3174
Comparison of fatigue, depression, and anxiety as factors affecting posttreatment health‐related quality of life in lung cancer survivors
Authors: Jung Ju Youn , Lee Jong Mog , Kim Moon Soo , Shim Young Mog , Zo Jae Ill , Yun Young Ho 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the effects of fatigue, anxiety, and depression on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in survivors of surgically resectable lung cancer.MethodsIn total, 830 lung cancer survivors participated in the study. They completed a questionnaire consisting of items pertaining to sociodemographic characteristics, clinical variables, and HRQoL. We calculated prevalence rates for fatigue, anxiety, and depression and performed multiple logistic regression and general linear modeling to determine the main factors affecting HRQoL.ResultsThe prevalence rates for moderate fatigue (Brief Fatigue Inventory mean score: ≥4), borderline depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale‐Depression score: ≥8), and borderline anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale‐Anxiety score: ≥8) were 42.2%, 38.9%, and 20.9%, respectively. The main factor was fatigue, which demonstrated the strongest explanatory power for HRQoL including all 5 functional HRQoL components (ie, physical, role, emotional, cognitive, and social functioning) and global health status (partial R2 range: .13 to .19). However, anxiety (partial R2 = .21) and fatigue (partial R2 = .19) both demonstrated strong explanatory power for emotional HRQoL. In addition, depression demonstrated weak explanatory power for HRQoL including emotional HRQoL.ConclusionsRelative to depression and anxiety, fatigue exerted a stronger effect on lung cancer survivors' HRQoL. Health professionals should consider the reduction of fatigue a priority in improving cancer patients' HRQoL following the completion of cancer treatment.
Men's perspectives on cancer prevention behaviors associated with HPV
Authors: FitzGerald Serena , Cornally Nicola , Hegarty Josephine 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with the diagnosis of anal, penile, and oropharyngeal cancers in men. Evidence indicates that correct condom use in addition to obtaining the HPV vaccine provides the greatest protection from HPV infections.ObjectiveTo explore young men's beliefs and behavioral intention in relation to receiving the HPV vaccine and using a condom correctly and consistently for sexual contact.MethodsA cross‐sectional study underpinned by the theory of planned behavior (TPB) was conducted with male participants (n = 359, 18‐28 years) who completed an online survey. Descriptive, correlational, and hierarchical regression analyses were performed on both status variables and variables of the TPB.ResultsSubjective norms (β = 0.519, P < .001) was identified as the most influential predictor in relation to men's intention to receive the HPV vaccine, while relationship status (β = −0.215, P < .001) and attitudes (β = 0.394, P < .001) presented as the most significant predictors of intention to use a condom. Summarily, 51% of the variance in intention to receive the HPV vaccine and 44% in intention to use a condom were explained by the TPB model.ConclusionResults from this study will impact on future sexual health research, education programs, and interventions for both HPV preventative behaviors towards the elimination of HPV‐related cancers in men.
Acetyl‐CoA carboxylase overexpression in herbicide‐resistant large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis)
Authors: Laforest Martin , Soufiane Brahim , Simard Marie‐Josée , Obeid Kristen , Page Eric , Nurse Robert E 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe occurrence of herbicide‐resistant weed biotypes is increasing and this report of an acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor‐resistant Digitaria sanguinalis L. Scop. from southwestern Ontario is another example. The identified weed escaped control in an onion and carrot rotation in which graminicides were used for several consecutive years. Our goal was to characterize the level and mechanism of resistance of the biotype.RESULTSThe biotype was resistant to all five ACCase inhibitor herbicides tested. Gene‐expression profiling was performed because none of the mutations known to confer resistance in the ACCase gene were detected. RNASeq and quantitative reverse‐transcriptase PCR (qRT‐PCR) results indicated that transcription of ACCase was 3.4–9.3 times higher in the resistant biotype than the susceptible biotype. ACCase gene copy number was determined by qPCR to be five to seven times higher in the resistant compared with the susceptible biotype. ACCase gene overexpression was directly related to the increase of the ACCase gene copy number.CONCLUSIONOur results are consistent with the hypothesis that overexpression of the herbicide target gene ACCase confers resistance to the herbicide. This is the first reported case of target gene duplication conferring resistance to a herbicide other than glyphosate. © 2017 Society of Chemical IndustrySee related Article
Identifying exposition to low oxygen environment in human macrophages using secondary ion mass spectrometry and multivariate analysis
Authors: Court Magali , Barnes Jean‐Paul , Millet Arnaud 
Published: July 2017

RationaleMacrophages are innate immune cells presenting a strong phenotypic plasticity and deeply involved in tissue homeostasis. Oxygen environmental tension is a physical parameter that could influence their polarizations. In this study we use time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF‐SIMS) to describe how various polarizations are modified by a low oxygen exposure.MethodsTOF‐SIMS experiments were performed using an IONTOF ToF‐SIMS 5–100 (ION‐TOF GmbH, Munster, Germany). Analysis was performed using a pulsed 25 keV Bi3+ beam, sputtering was performed using a 250 eV Cs beam. Cells were fixed by paraformaldehyde before TOF‐SIMS analysis.ResultsMultivariate analysis of the TOF‐SIMS spectra provided ion species associated with the exposure of macrophages to low oxygen concentration. We were able to obtain some species, specific of a particular polarization, advocating for the use of macrophages as reporter cells of oxygen tension in tissues.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that macrophage molecular signature to low oxygen environment is dependent on their polarization. TOF‐SIMS shows the clear capability to produce species revealing this exposition. This result opens the way to the use of TOF‐SIMS as a tool to explore hypoxia in human tissues.
Marking Stress ExPLICitly in Written English Fosters Rhythm in the Reader's Inner Voice
Authors: Gross Jennifer , Winegard Bo , Plotkowski Andrea R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSpoken English has a stress‐alternating rhythm that is not marked in its orthography. In two experiments, the authors evaluated whether stylistic alterations to print that marked stress pulses fostered the rendering of rhythm (experiment 1) and stress (experiment 2) during silent reading. In experiment 1, silent readers rated the helpfulness of the stylistic alterations appearing in the last line of poems. In experiment 2, silent readers rated the helpfulness of the stylistic alterations appearing in heteronyms embedded in prose. As predicted by linguistic theories, when the stylistic alterations mapped onto the rhythmic pulses of the poems, and the lexically stressed syllables of the heteronyms, silent readers rated these alterations as more helpful compared with the incongruous conditions. In experiment 2, readers’ inner voices were more tuned to the prosodic nuances of the first syllable than the second in the bisyllabic heteronyms. This prosodic tuning for the first syllable in a word was likely afforded by the strong tendency for stress to appear word‐initially. In addition, the stylistically marked stress was viewed as more helpful in the early half of the sentence, when readers likely recruited more bottom‐up processes. In both experiments, prior exposure to poetry was related to a refined prosodic awareness. In experiment 2, exposure to poetry predicted participants’ prosody sensitivity, after controlling for the other predictors of academic achievement. The authors’ ongoing studies are evaluating whether marking stress explicitly in written English might aid struggling readers and late speakers of English.
Serum IFN-γ Predicts the Therapeutic Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplantation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients
Authors: Wang Dandan , Wang Shiying , Huang Saisai , Zhang Zhuoya , Yuan Xinran , Feng Xuebing , Lu Liwei , Sun Lingyun 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Umbilical cord (UC)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show immunoregulatory properties on various immune cells and display therapeutic effects on various autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the SLE environment on UC MSCs and to identify a potential serum biomarker to predict the therapeutic effect. UC MSCs were cocultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from active lupus patients, and the proliferation, apoptosis and surface markers of UC MSCs were observed. UC MSC functional molecules were assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the signaling pathways were analyzed by Western blot. The clinical effect of MSC transplantation (MSCT) for lupus patients was followed-up, whereas baseline serum cytokines were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The coculture of PBMC from lupus patients promoted MSC proliferation. Lupus PBMCs were more potent in stimulating UC MSCs to secrete vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CXCL-12. Furthermore, lupus PBMCs activated Akt, IκB, and Stat5 signaling pathways in UC MSCs but did not affect Erk1/2 and Smad1/5/8 pathways. Moreover, our clinical study showed that higher baseline levels of IFN-γ might predict a good response to MSCT in active lupus patients. Baseline IFN-γ levels may predict clinical response to MSC therapy for active lupus patients, which will help to choose suitable patients for clinical transplantation.
Alternative Saccharomyces interspecies hybrid combinations and their potential for low‐temperature wort fermentation
Authors: Nikulin Jarkko , Krogerus Kristoffer , Gibson Brian 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe lager yeast hybrid (Saccharomyces cerevisiae × Saccharomyces eubayanus) possesses two key characteristics that are essential for lager brewing: efficient sugar utilization and cold tolerance. Here we explore the possibility that the lager yeast phenotype can be recreated by hybridizing S. cerevisiae ale yeast with a number of cold‐tolerant Saccharomyces species including Saccharomyces arboricola, Saccharomyces eubayanus, Saccharomyces mikatae and Saccharomyces uvarum. Interspecies hybrids performed better than parental strains in lager brewing conditions (12°C and 12°P wort), with the S. mikatae hybrid performing as well as the S. eubayanus hybrid. Where the S. cerevisiae parent was capable of utilizing maltotriose, this trait was inherited by the hybrids. A greater production of higher alcohols and esters by the hybrids resulted in the production of more aromatic beers relative to the parents. Strong fermentation performance relative to the parents was dependent on ploidy, with polyploid hybrids (3n, 4n) performing better than diploid hybrids. All hybrids produced 4‐vinyl guaiacol, a smoke/clove aroma generally considered an off flavour in lager beer. This characteristic could however be eliminated by isolating spore clones from a fertile hybrid of S. cerevisiae and S. mikatae. The results suggest that S. eubayanus is dispensable when constructing yeast hybrids that express the typical lager yeast phenotype. © 2017 The Authors. Yeast published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Production of dodecanedioic acid via biotransformation of low cost plant-oil derivatives using Candida tropicalis
Authors: Funk Irina , Rimmel Nina , Schorsch Christoph , Sieber Volker , Schmid Jochen 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Dodecanedioic acid (DDA) is highly useful to the chemical industry as a versatile precursor for producing the polyamide nylon-6,12, which is used for many technical applications, such as heat and chemical-resistant sheaths. However, DDA synthesis has several drawbacks, such as high energy input and cost-intensive removal of by-products. Therefore, alternative bio-based production routes are required due to increasing industrial demand for green chemicals and renewable products. Candida tropicalis converts petrochemical-based n-dodecanes to the corresponding dicarboxylic acids by targeted functionalization. To increase sustainability of the DDA production process, we tested dodecanoic acid methyl ester, which can be easily obtained from transesterification of coconut oil, in whole-cell biotransformation by C. tropicalis. By modifying selected process parameters, a final DDA concentration of 66 g/L was achieved using a highly reliable, small-scale bioreactor system. Crucial process development included a gradual pH shift, an optimized substrate feeding strategy, and monitoring the transcriptional profile.