bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthropogenic impacts on Costa Rican bat parasitism are sex specific
Authors: Frank Hannah K. , Mendenhall Chase D. , Judson Seth D. , Daily Gretchen C. , Hadly Elizabeth A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWhile anthropogenic impacts on parasitism of wildlife are receiving growing attention, whether these impacts vary in a sex‐specific manner remains little explored. Differences between the sexes in the effect of parasites, linked to anthropogenic activity, could lead to uneven sex ratios and higher population endangerment. We sampled 1108 individual bats in 18 different sites across an agricultural mosaic landscape in southern Costa Rica to investigate the relationships between anthropogenic impacts (deforestation and reductions in host species richness) and bat fly ectoparasitism of 35 species of Neotropical bats. Although female and male bat assemblages were similar across the deforestation gradient, bat fly assemblages tracked their hosts closely only on female bats. We found that in female hosts, parasite abundance per batdecreasedwith increasing bat species richness, while in male hosts, parasite abundanceincreased. We hypothesize the differences in the parasite–disturbance relationship are due to differences in roosting behavior between the sexes. We report a sex‐specific parasite–disturbance relationship and argue that sex differences in anthropogenic impacts on wildlife parasitism could impact long‐term population health and survival.
Molecular Understanding of the Bulk Composition of Crystalline Nonstoichiometric Hydroxyapatites: Application to the Rationalization of Structure–Reactivity Relationships
Authors: Ben Osman Manel , Krafft Jean Marc , Millot Yannick , Averseng Frederic , Yoshioka Tetsuya , Kubo Jun , Costentin Guylène 
Published: June 2016

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is a joint group led by G. Costentin, from the Laboratoire Réactivité de Surface (LRS), University Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France, and Sangi Co., Ltd., Japan. The cover image shows the structure of defective crystalline hydroxyapatite, a highly promising heterogeneous catalyst whose acid–base properties can be tuned by changing its composition.
Plastic debris and policy: Using current scientific understanding to invoke positive change
Authors: Rochman Chelsea M. , Cook Anna-Marie , Koelmans Albert A. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Captain Charles Moore introduced the world to the “Great Pacific Garbage Patch” in the mid-1990s, and images of plastic debris in the oceans began to sweep the media. Since then, there has been increasing interest from scientists, the public, and policy makers regarding plastic debris in the environment. Today, there remains no doubt that plastic debris contaminates aquatic (marine and freshwater) habitats and animals globally. The growing scientific evidence demonstrates widespread contamination from plastic debris, and researchers are beginning to understand the sources, fate, and effects of the material. As new scientific understanding breeds new questions, scientists are working to fill data gaps regarding the fate and effects of plastic debris and the mechanisms that drive these processes. In parallel, policy makers are working to mitigate this contamination. The authors focus on what is known about plastic debris that is relevant to policy by reviewing some of the weight of evidence regarding contamination, fate, and effects of the material. Moreover, they highlight some examples of how science has already been used to inform policy change and mitigation and discuss opportunities for future linkages between science and policy to continue the relationship and contribute to effective solutions for plastic debris. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1617–1626. © 2016 SETAC
FANTASTIC‐5G: flexible air interface for scalable service delivery within wireless communication networks of the 5th generation
Authors: Schaich Frank , Sayrac Berna , Elayoubi Salaheddine , Belikaidis Ioannis‐Prodromos , Caretti Marco , Georgakopoulos Andreas , Gong Xitao , Kosmatos Evangelos , Lin Hao , Demestichas Panagiotis , Mouhouche Belkacem , Pedersen Klaus , Pratas Nuno , Schellmann Malte , Schubert Martin , Shaat Musbah , Wunder Gerhard 
Published: June 2016

Abstract5th generation mobile networks will have to cope with a high degree of heterogeneity in terms of services, mobility, number of devices and so on. Thus, diverse and often contradicting key performance indicators need to be supported, but having multiple radio access technologies for multi‐service support below 6 GHz will be too costly. FANTASTIC‐5G will develop a new multi‐service air interface through a modular design. To allow the system to adapt to the anticipated heterogeneity, some properties need to be pursued, like simplicity, flexibility, scalability, versatility, efficiency and future proofness. Based on these properties, a selected set of use cases and link and network design will be presented. The paper will also comprise validation and system level simulations through some indicative results and will conclude with the overall impact to 5G standardisation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel adaptive structure for SOA system effort estimation
Authors: Mishra Siba , Kumar Chiranjeev 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis paper addresses a novel adaptive structure to solve the problem of service‐oriented architecture (SOA) system effort estimation. The objective of our work is to combine the insights of signals theory with empirical research to find a recommendation scheme for the problem of SOA system effort estimation. The main motivation for using this structure is to enhance the principle of self‐adaptability to the situation at hand. The proposed structure consists of an adaptive filter composed of linear combiner of filter weights, input and desired values. Additionally, a gradient steepest descent method is used to adjust the filter parameters (training process) using the least mean square algorithm. Furthermore, an experimental analysis is conducted with the proposed structure using the data of 10 past SOA system industrial applications, and in the empirical analysis, two performance measurement metrics and an evaluation function are used to assess the performance in terms of predictive accuracy. The experimental analysis and comparison study are helpful to demonstrate the effectiveness of an estimation technique. The obtained results indicate that an improved predictive accuracy for the problem of SOA system effort estimation has been achieved using the proposed structure when compared with support vector machines, linear, stepwise and ordinary least square regression techniques. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Foraging habitat selection by California spotted owls after fire
Authors: Bond Monica L. , Bradley Curt , Lee Derek E. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTForest fire is one of the most important ecological disturbances affecting habitat of the declining California spotted owl (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) population in southern California. We analyzed foraging location data collected 3 and 4 years post‐fire, from 8 radio‐tagged California spotted owls whose home ranges included forest burned in the 5,176‐ha Slide Fire in the San Bernardino Mountains, California, USA. We analyzed foraging habitat selection with sensitivity analysis using 3 different spatial extents to define available resource area: utilization distribution, minimum convex polygon, and capture radius. At all 3 extents of available habitat these spotted owls selected foraging sites close to their territory centers and riparian areas. Resource selection functions indicated burned forests were generally used in proportion to their availability, with the exception of significant selection for moderate‐severity burned forests farther from territory centers at the largest available habitat extent (capture radius). Riparian habitats should be preserved for California spotted owls in southern California, and forests burned by high‐severity fire should be considered potentially suitable foraging habitat. We suggest researchers perform habitat selection analyses at multiple spatial extents of availability and describe the sensitivity of their results. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
Prediction‐based survivable virtual network mapping against disaster failures
Authors: Wang Ying , Liu Xiao , Qiu Xuesong , Li Wenjing 
Published: June 2016

SummarySurvivable virtual network mapping (SVNM) guarantees that the mapped virtual network works normally against substrate failures. Most of the existing solutions are mainly focusing on single node or single link failure. A long‐standing challenge in SVNM is to reduce the capacity loss of network when substrate failures happen. Because some regions are frequently attacked by disasters, the disaster failures should be paid attention to. In this paper, we re‐consider the existing work on the SVNM and explore the feasible solution of SVNM against disaster failures. We first design the disaster failure model with the knowledge of risk assessment. Then we formulate the problem with the mixed integer programming. Two heuristic algorithms based on the prediction mechanism are proposed. Simulations show that our algorithms increase the average acceptance ratio and reduce the risk of capacity loss in the initial mapping phase compared with previous algorithms. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acute stress disorder as a predictor of posttraumatic stress: A longitudinal study of Chinese children exposed to the Lushan earthquake
Authors: Zhou Peiling , Zhang Yuqing , Wei Chuguang , Liu Zhengkui , Hannak Walter 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis study examined the prevalence of acute stress disorder (ASD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children who experienced the Lushan earthquake in Sichuan, China, and assessed the ability of ASD to predict PTSD. The Acute Stress Disorder Scale (ASDS) was used to assess acute stress reaction within weeks of the trauma. The University of California at Los Angeles Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index (UCLA‐PTSD) for children was administered at intervals of 2, 6, and 12 months after the earthquake to 197 students who experienced the Lushan earthquake at the Longxing Middle School. The results demonstrated that 28.4% of the children suffered from ASD, but only a small percentage of the population went on to develop PTSD. Among all of the students, 35.0% of those who met the criteria for ASD were diagnosed with PTSD at the 12‐month interval. The severity of ASD symptoms correlated with later PTSD symptoms.
Comparison of mechanical and molecular measures of mobility during constant strain rate deformation of a PMMA glass
Authors: Bending Benjamin , Ediger M. D. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTWe performed constant strain rate deformation and stress relaxation on a poly(methyl methacrylate) glass at Tg – 19 K, utilizing three strain rates and initiating the stress relaxation over a large range of strain values. Following previous workers, we interpret the initial rate of decay of the stress during the relaxation experiment as a purely mechanical measure of mobility for the system. In our experiments, the mechanical mobility obtained in this manner changes by less than a factor of 3 prior to yield. During these mechanical experiments, we also performed an optical measurement of segmental mobility based on the reorientation of a molecular probe; we observe that the probe mobility increases up to a factor of 100 prior to yield. In the post‐yield regime, in contrast, the mobilities determined mechanically and by probe reorientation are quite similar and show a similar dependence on the strain rate. Dynamic heterogeneity is found to initially decrease during constant strain rate deformation and then remain constant in the post‐yield regime. These combined observations of mechanical mobility, probe mobility, and dynamic heterogeneity present a challenge for theoretical modeling of polymer glass deformation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016, 54, 1957–1967
Specific Detection of Picric Acid and Nitrite in Aqueous Medium Using Flexible Eu(III)‐Based Luminescent Probe
Authors: Sahoo Jashobanta , Waghmode Suresh B. , Subramanian Palani S. , Albrecht Markus 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDevelopment of an effective method for the detection of picric acid (PA) in aqueous phase has attracted great attention. In this work, the luminescent probe Eu‐1 involving a hexadentate −2‐Amino‐3‐phenylpropanol based ligand L was successfully exploited for the selective detection of PA in presence of other nitro analytes in aqueous medium. The selective detection of PA and nitrite by Eu‐1 was rationalized through DFT computational study.
A ‘Plug and Play’ Platform for the Production of Diverse Monoterpene Hydrocarbon Scaffolds in Escherichia coli.
Authors: Leferink Nicole G. H. , Jervis Adrian J. , Zebec Ziga , Toogood Helen S. , Hay Sam , Takano Eriko , Scrutton Nigel S. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe terpenoids constitute one of the largest and most diverse classes of natural compounds with applications as pharmaceuticals, flavorings and fragrances, pesticides and biofuels. Synthetic biology is ideally placed to create new routes to this chemical diversity and facilitation of new compound discovery. The C10 monoterpenoids display a huge structural diversity produced from a single substrate, geranyl diphosphate, by a family of monoterpene cyclases and synthases (mTC/S). Here we employ a library of mTC/S in a single ‘plug and play’ platform system for the production of over 30 different monoterpenoids in Escherichia coli by fermentation on glucose. These products include several compounds never before produced in engineered microbes demonstrating the power of this approach to rapidly create routes to structural diversity.
Adaptation science and policy in China's agricultural sector
Authors: Rogers Sarah 
Published: June 2016

In recent years, China's central government has begun to articulate its adaptation policy and to identify measures to adapt the nation's agriculture to changing precipitation patterns, higher temperatures, and extreme events. These developments are occurring at a time when the agricultural sector is in flux: while the major grain crops—rice, wheat, and corn—are still central to food security, many smallholder farmers have shifted away from land‐intensive production to growing higher‐value, labour‐intensive horticultural products, such as fruit and vegetables. In addition, new forms of agriculture are emerging because of out‐migration and land transfers. This review introduces the adaptation policy context for agricultural adaptation in China and reviews existing research on impacts and adaptation. It then discusses how well existing research and policy actually reflect the challenges of adapting China's farms to climate change. Four issues are discussed which together suggest that current science and policy very poorly reflect challenges on the ground: the framing of agriculture as a relatively homogeneous sector; the absence of any vulnerability assessments attuned to local contexts; a bias toward large‐scale engineering solutions; and insufficient consideration of local government capacity. WIREs Clim Change 2016, 7:693–706. doi: 10.1002/wcc.414This article is categorized under:

Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change > Learning from Cases and Analogies
Opportunistic multicasting for single frequency networks
Authors: Polacek Pavol , Yang Ting‐Yeu , Huang Chih‐Wei 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWith the growth of multimedia traffic over mobile networks, multicast becomes one of more effective transmission approaches to be widely considered. The Multimedia Broadcast multicast service Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) has been introduced for long term evolution to improve signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio at the cell edges, while selecting efficient modulation and coding schemes (MCS) for transmission is still an open issue. Unlike existing solutions in literature, the opportunistic multicasting concept is adopted in this work to aggressively enhance the spectrum efficiency (SE) of single frequency networks. Based on the derived model of effective SE in extended MCS adaptation intervals, we propose a statistical feedback‐based approach to achieve opportunistic multicasting in MBSFN. The algorithm carefully selects the MCS complying with the adaptation need for channel quality changes and enabling high bottleneck user SE under reduced feedbacks. Comparing with other schemes for a single stream setup, the simulations show up to 340% higher SE over non‐opportunistic method and 25% over the second best method maximizing the average SE. The number of successfully transmitted streams in a multi‐stream scenario increased by 250% over the non‐opportunistic approach and 40% over the average SE maximizing approach. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Laparoscopic Inferior Mesenteric Artery Peeling: An Alternative to High or Low Vascular Ligation for Sigmoid Colon Cancer Resection
Authors: Francone Elisa , Bonfante Pierfrancesco , Bruno Maria Santina , Intersimone Donatella , Falco Emilio , Berti Stefano 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundIn sigmoid cancer, both inferior mesenteric artery high or low ligations are accepted for curative purposes. Since inferior mesenteric artery ligation could compromise blood flow to the anastomosis, potentially increasing anastomotic leakage onset, real oncological benefits and possible disadvantages related to vascular transection level are still on debate. We introduce totally laparoscopic inferior mesenteric artery peeling technique to release from the concept of lymph nodal harvesting linked to arterial transection level.MethodsOver a period of 24 months, 31 patients presenting with sigmoid cancer were submitted to laparoscopic sigmoidectomy associated with inferior mesenteric artery peeling. Data on intraoperative and postoperative outcomes have been prospectively collected.ResultsMean operative time was 180 min (range 110–330 min); mean intraoperative blood loss was 60 ml (range 30–150 ml), and mean postoperative hospitalization was 6.2 days (range 4–11 days). Mean number of lymph node harvested was 16.7 (range 12–28).ConclusionsGiven a proper selection of patients, laparoscopic sigmoidectomy comprehensive of sub‐adventitial IMA skeletonization from its aortic origin could provide good oncological outcomes and recanalization rate. Further data are advocated to confirm these preliminary results.
Effect of Oxygen Content Upon the Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Type 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel Manufactured by Hot Isostatic Pressing
Authors: Cooper Adam J. , Cooper Norman I. , Dhers Jean , Sherry Andrew H. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Although hot isostatic pressing (HIP) has been shown to demonstrate significant advances over more conventional manufacture routes, it is important to appreciate and quantify the detrimental effects of oxygen involvement during the HIP manufacture process on the microstructural and material properties of the resulting component. This paper quantifies the effects of oxygen content on the microstructure and Charpy impact properties of HIP’d austenitic stainless steel, through combination of detailed metallographic examination and mechanical testing on HIP’d Type 316L steel containing different concentrations (100 to 190 ppm) of oxygen. Micron-scale pores were visible in the microstructure of the HIP’d materials postmetallographic preparation, which result from the removal of nonmetallic oxide inclusions during metallographic preparation. The area fraction of the resulting pores is shown to correlate with the oxygen concentration which influences the Charpy impact toughness over the temperature range of 77 K to 573 K (−196 °C to 300 °C), and demonstrates the influence of oxygen involved during the HIP manufacture process on Charpy toughness. The same test procedures and microstructural analyses were performed on commercially available forged 316L. This showed comparatively fewer inclusions and exhibited higher Charpy impact toughness over the tested temperature range.
Attitudes of Sexual Medicine Specialists Toward Premature Ejaculation Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Shechter Arik , Lowenstein Lior , Serefoglu Ege Can , Reisman Yacov 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Introduction
Premature ejaculation (PE) is one of the commonest sexual dysfunctions in men. Because the definition of and guidelines for the management of PE have been revised in recent years, our understanding of PE has changed.

Aim
To investigate the clinical practice patterns of sexual medicine specialists regarding the diagnosis and treatment of PE.

Methods
Attendees of the 17th Annual Congress of the European Society of Sexual Medicine, held in February 2015 in Copenhagen, Denmark, were asked to participate in a survey during the congress.

Main Outcome Measures
A 23-item, self-reported, closed-question questionnaire was distributed. Sociodemographic data, professional background, and personal practice patterns of the attendees were assessed in relation to PE.

Results
In total, 217 physicians (median age = 47 years, range = 22–74) completed the survey. Most responders (79.3%) considered PE an important sexual dysfunction that should be treated. Almost half the participants stated there is insufficient information about PE for patients and physicians (46.1% and 45.2%, respectively). When asked about the main goal of treating PE, two thirds responded that main goal is to improve patients' sexual function and 35.9% responded that the main goal was to improve partners' satisfaction.

Conclusion
These findings confirmed that there are many differences among sex health experts in their understanding of PE. Educational activities are crucial in implementing the new guidelines on PE.
Analytical Solution for Three-Dimensional Hyperbolic Heat Conduction Equation with Time-Dependent and Distributed Heat Source
Authors: Talaee M. R. , Sarafrazi V. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the analytical solution of three-dimensional hyperbolic heat conduction equation in a finite solid medium with rectangular cross-section under time dependent and non-uniform internal heat source. The closed form solution of both Fourier and non-Fourier profiles are introduced with Eigen function expansion method. The solution is applied for simple simulation of absorption of a continues laser in biological tissue. The results show the depth of laser absorption in tissue and considerable difference between the Fourier and Non-Fourier temperature profiles. In addition the solution can be applied as a verification branch for other numerical solutions.