Temporal prediction of the arrival point of a moving target
Authors: Koshizawa Ryo 
Published: October 2016

<p class="p0" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">Coincidence-anticipation timing (CAT), a form of temporal prediction, </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">is necessary not only in sports, but in many everyday situations.</span><span style="font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; font-size: 10.5pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: 'yes';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">T</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">his review summarizes temporal prediction of a moving target at an arrival point in terms of both task performance and</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';"> the </span><span style="font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">functional properties of the cerebral cortex</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';"> during CAT.</span><span style="font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">In terms of </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">CAT task performance</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">, temporal accuracy during a CAT task depends on both the specific task </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">conditions, and individual participant characteristics or conditions that might affect information processing in the cerebral cortex.</span><span style="font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; font-size: 10.5pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: 'yes';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">In terms of </span><span style="font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">t</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">he </span><span style="font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">functional properties of the cerebral cortex</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';"> during CAT, </span><span style="font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">a</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">s it is p</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">ossible to continuously gaze at a moving target to a non-occluded arrival point, participants need only to ascertain its velocity, which relies mainly upon the functional properties of the parietal. However, as it is impossible to continuously gaze at the moving target when the arrival point is occluded, participants need to transfer from processing the visual information gained during the visible section of movement to predicting the target’s movement in the occluded section, which relies mainly upon</span><span style="background: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'; mso-shading: #ffffff;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">the functional properties of the premotor.</span><span style="font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes';"> </span><span style="background: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-spacerun: 'yes'; mso-shading: #ffffff;">In addition, </span><span style="background: #ffffff; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: 'yes'; mso-shading: #ffffff;">the premotor mainly contribute toward facilitation of information processing by training in the CAT task.</span><span style="background: #ffffff; font-family: 'ＭＳ 明朝'; font-size: 10.5pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: 'yes'; mso-shading: #ffffff;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">Future establishment of a strategy for accurate temporal prediction of moving targets, in</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 10.5pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: 'yes';">formed by further studies in CAT tasks, might allow for more accurate temporal prediction to be made, even without formal training.</span></p><!--EndFragment-->