bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changing Systems Through Effective Teams: A Role for Simulation
Authors: Rosenman Elizabeth D. , Fernandez Rosemarie , Wong Ambrose H. , Cassara Michael , Cooper Dylan D. , Kou Maybelle , Laack Torrey A. , Motola Ivette , Parsons Jessica R. , Levine Benjamin R. , Grand James A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTeams are the building blocks of the healthcare system, with growing evidence linking the quality of healthcare to team effectiveness, and team effectiveness to team training. Simulation has been identified as an effective modality for team training and assessment. Despite this, there are gaps in methodology, measurement, and implementation that prevent maximizing the impact of simulation modalities on team performance. As part of the 2017 Academic Emergency Medicine Consensus Conference “Catalyzing System Change Through Health Care Simulation: Systems, Competency, and Outcomes,” we explored the impact of simulation on various aspects of team effectiveness. The consensus process included an extensive literature review, group discussions, and the conference “workshop” involving emergency medicine physicians, medical educators, and team science experts. The objectives of this work were to: 1) explore the antecedents and processes that support team effectiveness, 2) summarize the current role of simulation in developing and understanding team effectiveness, and 3) identify research targets to further improve team‐based training and assessment, with the ultimate goal of improving healthcare systems.
Communal Performativity—A Seed for Change? The Solidarity of Thessaloniki's Social Movements in the Diverse Fights Against Neoliberalism
Authors: Steinfort Lavinia , Hendrikx Bas , Pijpers Roos 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe debate on the financial crisis is at an impasse. Neoliberal austerity discourse is often positioned as an almost insurmountable barrier, its disciplinary power affecting even the most change‐oriented citizen‐initiatives existing today. Countering this, this paper highlights the transformative capacity of social movements in Thessaloniki. Drawing from Butler, Laclau and Mouffe, and Gibson‐Graham we develop the notion of “communal performativity” both as an academic and as a practical concept to understand and build trajectories of socio‐economic change. “Communal” denotes the drive of the movements’ participants to interconnect and (re)negotiate with a multiplicity of Others, curbing identity politics to articulate internal differences and Otherness. We see some hopeful signs of bridges being built towards shared trajectories of change that can be understood as different but concrete variations on the abstract counter‐narrative of “breaking with neoliberalism”. Some of these variations challenge, others diversify neoliberal discourses and practices.
A mediation analysis study: The influence of mothers' dental anxiety on children's dental utilization among low‐income African Americans
Authors: Heima Masahiro , Heaton Lisa , Gunzler Douglas , Morris Nathan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to test a hypothesized mediation model to explain associations between mothers' dental anxiety and children's dental utilization through the mothers' own dental utilization.MethodsTwo hundred and fourteen low‐income African American mothers with young children (age 31‐59 months) completed a study questionnaire which assessed (i) mothers' dental anxiety; (ii) mothers' dental utilization (seeing a dentist at least once a year) and (iii) children's dental utilization (at least one non‐study‐related dental visit during the 36‐month study period). The hypothesized mediation model consisted of these three elements with both a direct path from mothers' dental anxiety to children's dental utilization and an indirect path from mothers' dental anxiety to children's dental utilization through mothers' dental utilization. Mediation analysis with bootstrapping was conducted to test the hypothesized model.ResultsThe mediation analysis indicated significant total effect of mothers' dental anxiety on children's dental utilization. The standardized total effect of mothers' anxiety on children's dental utilization was −0.172 (SE=.084, P=.041), and the standardized indirect effect of mothers' anxiety on children's dental utilization mediated by mothers' dental utilization was −0.069 (SE=.039, P=.076). The direct effect from mothers' anxiety to children's dental utilization was not statistically significant (P=.261) after adjusting for the mothers' dental utilization.ConclusionsIn this low‐income African American sample, there was a trend for mothers' dental anxiety to be associated with children's dental utilization indirectly through mothers' own dental utilization, while the direct influence of mothers' dental anxiety on children's dental utilization was not seen. This suggests that mothers' dental utilization might explain how mothers' dental anxiety impacts children's early dental utilization.
Factors influencing property selection for conservation revolving funds
Authors: Hardy Mathew J. , Fitzsimons James A. , Bekessy Sarah A. , Gordon Ascelin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractFinding sustainable ways to increase the amount of private land protected for biodiversity is challenging for many conservation organizations. In some countries, organizations use revolving‐fund programs, whereby land is purchased and then sold to conservation‐minded owners under condition they enter into a conservation covenant or easement. The sale proceeds are used to purchase, protect, and sell additional properties, incrementally increasing the amount of protected private land. Because the effectiveness of this approach relies on selecting appropriate properties, we explored factors currently considered by practitioners and how these are integrated into decision making. We conducted exploratory, semistructured interviews with managers from each of the 5 major revolving funds in Australia. Responses indicated although conservation factors are important, financial and social factors are also highly influential. A major determinant was whether the property could be resold within a reasonable period at a price that replenishes the fund. To facilitate resale, often selected properties include the potential for the construction of a dwelling. Practitioners face with clear trade‐offs between conservation, financial, amenity, and other factors in selecting properties and 3 main challenges: recovering the costs of acquisition, protection, and resale; reselling the property; and meeting conservation goals. Our findings suggest the complexity of these decisions may constrain revolving‐fund effectiveness. Drawing from participant responses, we identified potential strategies to mitigate these risks, such as providing adequate recreational space without jeopardizing ecological assets. We suggest managers could benefit from a shared‐learning and adaptive approach to property selection given the commonalities between programs. Understanding how practitioners deal with complex decisions in the implementation of revolving funds helps identify future research to improve the performance of this conservation tool.
Back to Africa: autumn migration of the painted lady butterfly Vanessa cardui is timed to coincide with an increase in resource availability
Authors: STEFANESCU CONSTANTÍ , PUIG‐MONTSERRAT XAVIER , SAMRAOUI BOUDJÉMA , IZQUIERDO REBECA , UBACH ANDREU , ARRIZABALAGA ANTONI 
Published: July 2017

1. The painted lady Vanessa cardui is a long‐range migratory butterfly that performs an annual multi‐generational round‐trip between Europe and Africa. Each autumn it returns to northwest (NW) Africa, presumably to track changes in resources that follow a predictable climate‐related spatio‐temporal pattern.2. Data on the abundance of adult and immature stages in the Maghreb in 2014–2016 are used to test several hypotheses regarding the autumn migration of this species.3. A strong seasonal migratory strategy was confirmed by the all but total absence of the species in NW Africa at the end of summer and the arrival of huge numbers migrants in October and November. Migration was timed to coincide with an increase in host plant availability but not with any increase in nectar sources.4. Flower abundance was the main predictor of adult abundance in autumn, with Ditrichia viscosa, Verbesina encelioides, and Medicago sativa being key resources that attracted enormous numbers of butterflies to oases, ruderal habitats, and oueds. The distribution of immature stages was strongly predicted by host plant abundance (with traditional agriculture representing the most important breeding habitat) and latitude (most breeding occurred in the south of the region). Also, both adults and immature stages were more common inland than in coastal areas.5. Changes in age structure of the adult population were also noted. The number of fresh adults slowly increased, indicating that butterflies did not return in a single wave and that the first offspring of the first returners were already emerging when some butterflies were still arriving.
Values, socially conscious behaviour and consumption emotions as predictors of Canadians’ intent to buy fair trade products
Authors: Ladhari Riadh , Tchetgna Nina Michèle 
Published: July 2017

AbstractOver the last two decades, a growing concern about ethical behaviour has been observed among consumers. Ethically minded consumers are more inclined towards the consumption of ethical goods, such as green products and fair trade (hereafter, ‘FT’) products, organic products and local products. Establishing the motives that predict FT consumption behaviour provides ground for understanding how consumers make purchase decisions. This research postulates that the intention of buying FT products is influenced by socially conscious behaviour, consumers’ values and emotions. The study, conducted among 268 Canadian consumers, shows that the high intention of buying FT products is linked to high levels of pride, enthusiasm, satisfaction, happiness and joy related to FT product consumption. The FT consumption experience provides consumers with hedonic gratification. It shows that the higher the levels of self‐centred, equality and social justice values are, the higher the intention of buying FT products. An increase in socially conscious behaviour generates an increase in intention of purchasing FT products. The research contributes to a preliminary analysis of the role of emotions in this field and calls for the development of cognitive‐affective models of purchase and consumption behaviour. Understanding the dimensions of hedonic values and the significance of pleasure experience is essential to the development of the theory and practices of FT consumption.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Sustainability Disclosure: Findings from a Recent SASB Study
Authors: Rodriguez Arturo , Cotran Henrik , Stewart Levi S. 
Published: July 2017

Early research into the relationship between corporate sustainability programs and financial performance suggests a positive relationship between strong sustainability performance and a lower cost of capital. As investors increasingly incorporate sustainability information into financial decisionmaking, the importance of high‐quality sustainability disclosure is growing. Just as investors have relied on financial disclosures based on generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) to assess corporate risk, a market standard is needed to help companies disclose comparable sustainability information.To address this issue, the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) conducted a recent analysis of the current state of sustainability disclosure in annual Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filings. The study reviewed the disclosures of over 700 U.S.‐and foreign‐domiciled companies, focusing on material sustainability topics as identified by SASB's industry‐specific accounting standards. The authors find large variations among different corporate sectors in the frequency and quality, as well as the focus, of their sustainability disclosures. Then, after examining in detail disclosures within the SASB Resource Transformation and Consumer Staples sectors, the authors suggest a number of possible drivers of this variation, including key sustainability and economic trends, while also presenting evidence of increasing investor interest in sustainability information. Although the authors' analysis was not intended to determine the extent to which the quality of sustainability disclosure affects investor returns, the findings provide a useful baseline for the as yet largely unexplored relationship between sustainability disclosure and corporate financial performance.
cPKCγ‐mediated down‐regulation ofUCHL1 alleviates ischaemic neuronal injuries by decreasing autophagyviaERK‐mTORpathway
Authors: Zhang Dan , Han Song , Wang Shizun , Luo Yanlin , Zhao Li , Li Junfa 
Published: July 2017

AbstractStroke is one of the leading causes of death in the world, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Both conventional protein kinase C (cPKC)γ and ubiquitin C‐terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) are neuron‐specific proteins. In the models of 1‐hr middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)/24‐hr reperfusion in mice and 1‐hr oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD)/24‐hr reoxygenation in cortical neurons, we found thatcPKCγ gene knockout remarkably aggravated ischaemic injuries and simultaneously increased the levels of cleaved (Cl)‐caspase‐3 andLC3‐I proteolysis productLC3‐II, and the ratio ofTUNEL‐positive cells to total neurons. Moreover,cPKCγ gene knockout could increaseUCHL1 protein expressionviaelevating itsmRNAlevel regulated by the nuclear factor κB inhibitor alpha (IκB‐α)/nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) pathway in cortical neurons. Both inhibitor and shRNAofUCHL1 significantly reduced the ratio ofLC3‐II/totalLC3, which contributed to neuronal survival after ischaemic stroke, but did not alter the level of Cl‐caspase‐3. In addition,UCHL1 shRNAreversed the effect ofcPKCγ on the phosphorylation levels ofmTORandERKrather than that ofAMPKandGSK‐3β. In conclusion, our results suggest thatcPKCγ activation alleviates ischaemic injuries of mice and cortical neurons through inhibitingUCHL1 expression, which may negatively regulate autophagy throughERK‐mTORpathway.
The long‐term effect of a zinc acetate and chlorhexidine diacetate containing mouth rinse on intra‐oral halitosis—A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Erovic Ademovski Seida , Mårtensson Carina , Persson Gösta Rutger , Renvert Stefan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimTo evaluate the long‐term effects of a zinc acetate and chlorhexidine diacetate mouth rinse (Zn/CHX) on intra‐oral halitosis.Materials and methodsForty‐six adults with intra‐oral halitosis were randomized into a 6‐month, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical study. The presence of intra‐oral halitosis was evaluated at baseline, 3 and 6 months after treatment by assessment of organoleptic score (OLS) and by total volatile sulphur compounds (T‐VSC), hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and methyl mercaptan (MM) concentrations in exhaled air.ResultsA Zn/CHX mouth rinse provided significantly better control of intra‐oral halitosis than a placebo mouth rinse. At 3 and 6 months, individuals rinsing with the Zn/CHX rinse presented with reductions of the OLS, T‐VSC (p < .01, respectively), H2S (p < .001), and MM (p < .01) in subjects’ exhaled air. At 6 months, 68.2% of individuals using the Zn/CHX rinse experienced a 1 or 2 category improvement in OLS compared with 19.1% of placebo‐treated subjects. 91% of subjects in the Zn/CHX group were categorized as being effectively treated for intra‐oral halitosis (i.e. H2S < 112 ppb), compared to 43% in the placebo group.ConclusionZn/CHX mouth rinse provides effective long‐term efficacy against intra‐oral halitosis, assessed both objectively and subjectively. With regular rinsing, the effect was sustained for 6 months.
A cross‐sectional analysis of executive function in Down syndrome from 2 to 35 years
Authors: Loveall S. J. , Conners F. A. , Tungate A. S. , Hahn L. J. , Osso T. D. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundPrevious research has indicated a unique profile of executive function (EF) in children and adolescents with Down syndrome (DS). However, there is a paucity of research on EF in adults with DS. This study aimed to gain a broader understanding of strengths and weaknesses in EF in DS from 2 to 35 years.MethodParents of 112 individuals with DS between 2 and 35 years participated in this study. Parents either completed the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function – for individuals 6+ years – or the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function Preschool Version – for children 2–5 years.ResultsResults suggest not only overall difficulties but also patterns of strength and weakness within EF for individuals with DS. For the 2 to 5‐year‐old group, emotional control and shift were relative strengths, planning/organisation and inhibit were intermediate skills, and working memory was a relative weakness. For the 6 to 18‐year‐old group, emotional control and organisation of materials were relative strengths, inhibit and initiate were intermediate skills, and working memory, monitor, planning/organisation, and shift were relative weaknesses. Most abilities were consistent from 2 to 18 years, except shift, which decreased in preadolescence before beginning to recover in adolescence. Across the full age range (2–35 years), composite scores indicated quadratic trends in inhibit, working memory, and planning/organisation, and a cubic trend in shift, with EF abilities generally declining in middle childhood before recovering in adulthood.ConclusionsThis study extends previous research on EF in DS by providing an initial description of EF profiles across the lifespan. More longitudinal and behavioural research is needed to further characterise the development of EF in DS.
Optimal Pessary Care: A Modified Delphi Consensus Study
Authors: Hooper Gwendolyn L. , Atnip Shanna , O'Dell Katharine 
Published: July 2017

IntroductionSupport pessaries are an important, low‐risk treatment option for women with vaginal prolapse but evidence to inform optimal practice is lacking. Currently, gynecologists, urologists, and urogynecologists recommend silicone vaginal support pessaries as first‐line treatment for symptomatic vaginal prolapse in women of all ages. It is unknown how many providers who are not physicians prescribe and care for women using pessaries. For this study we attempted to collect opinions of expert nurse providers who fit pessaries on topics related to pessary care and management in an effort to develop consensus to guide practice.MethodsA 4‐round modified Delphi technique was utilized and included one series of online surveys, 2 rounds of anonymous online questionnaires, and one series of face‐to‐face meetings at conferences. Respondents were invited to participate in all opportunities to provide opinion. For the first 3 rounds respondents were asked to rate statements on a 3‐point scale, (agree, disagree, neutral) and provide written comments for those statements with which they did not agree. The goal of additional rounds was 80% agreement between participants, including no less than 6 nurse pessary experts.ResultsGreater than 80% consensus was achieved for 22 statements related to patient and provider education, terminology for documentation, pessary management, and follow‐up care. Use of vaginal estrogen, antimicrobials, and prevention and management of mechanical injury were areas where no consensus was reached.DiscussionExpert pessary providers were able to develop consensus recommendations to inform provider education and clinical care where the evidence base remains sparse. Areas where consensus was not achieved inform the future pessary‐related research agenda needed to identify optimal cost‐effective pessary care and educational methods for new pessary providers.
Current evidence for endovascular therapy in stroke and remaining uncertainties
Authors: Motyer R. , Asadi H. , Thornton J. , Nicholson P. , Kok H. K. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractClass 1 level A evidence now supports endovascular thrombectomy as best practice in the management of large vessel occlusion acute ischaemic stroke. However, significant questions pertaining to initial imaging, radiological assessment, patient selection and therapeutic limits remain unanswered. A specific cohort of patients who benefit from endovascular thrombectomy has been established, although current uncertainties regarding selection of those not meeting top‐tier evidence criteria may potentially deny certain patients the benefit of intervention. This is of particular relevance in patients presenting in a delayed manner. Whilst superior outcomes are achieved with reduced time to endovascular reperfusion, denying patients intervention based on symptom duration alone may not be appropriate. Advanced understanding of ischaemic stroke pathophysiology supports an individualized approach to patient evaluation, given variance in the rate of ischaemic core progression and the extent of salvageable penumbra. Physiological imaging techniques may therefore be utilized to better inform patient selection for endovascular thrombectomy and evidence suggests that a transition from time‐based to tissue‐based therapeutic thresholds may be of greater value. Multiple ongoing randomized controlled trials aim to further define the benefit of endovascular thrombectomy and it is hoped that these results will advance, and possibly broaden, patient selection criteria to ensure that maximum benefit from the intervention may be achieved.
Patterns of divergence across the geographic and genomic landscape of a butterfly hybrid zone associated with a climatic gradient
Authors: Ryan Sean F. , Fontaine Michael C. , Scriber J. Mark , Pfrender Michael E. , O'Neil Shawn T. , Hellmann Jessica J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHybrid zones are a valuable tool for studying the process of speciation and for identifying the genomic regions undergoing divergence and the ecological (extrinsic) and nonecological (intrinsic) factors involved. Here, we explored the genomic and geographic landscape of divergence in a hybrid zone betweenPapilio glaucusandPapilio canadensis. Using a genome scan of 28,417 ddRAD SNPs, we identified genomic regions under possible selection and examined their distribution in the context of previously identified candidate genes for ecological adaptations. We showed that differentiation was genomewide, including multiple candidate genes for ecological adaptations, particularly those involved in seasonal adaptation and host plant detoxification. The Z chromosome and four autosomes showed a disproportionate amount of differentiation, suggesting genes on these chromosomes play a potential role in reproductive isolation. Cline analyses of significantly differentiated genomicSNPs, and of species‐diagnostic genetic markers, showed a high degree of geographic coincidence (81%) and concordance (80%) and were associated with the geographic distribution of a climate‐mediated developmental threshold (length of the growing season). A relatively large proportion (1.3%) of the outliers for divergent selection were not associated with candidate genes for ecological adaptations and may reflect the presence of previously unrecognized intrinsic barriers between these species. These results suggest that exogenous (climate‐mediated) and endogenous (unknown) clines may have become coupled and act together to reinforce reproductive isolation. This approach of assessing divergence across both the genomic and geographic landscape can provide insight about the interplay between the genetic architecture of reproductive isolation and endogenous and exogenous selection.