bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling serum M‐protein response for early detection of biochemical relapse in myeloma patients treated with bortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone
Authors: Otani Yuki , Zhao Yunqi , Wang Guanyu , Labotka Richard , Rogge Mark , Gupta Neeraj , Vakilynejad Majid , Bottino Dean , Tanigawara Yusuke 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) treatment guidelines recommend waiting for formal progression criteria (FPC) to be met before proceeding to the next line of therapy. As predicting progression may allow early switching to next‐line therapy while the disease burden is relatively low, we evaluated the predictive accuracy of a mathematical model to anticipate relapse 180 days before the FPC is met. A subset of 470/1143 patients from the IA16 dataset who were initially treated with VRd (Velcade (bortezomib), Revlimid (lenalidomide), and dexamethasone) in the CoMMpass study (NCT01454297) were randomly split 2:1 into training and testing sets. A model of M‐protein dynamics was developed using the training set and used to predict relapse probability in patients in the testing set given their response histories up to 12 or more months of treatment. The predictive accuracy of this model and M‐protein “velocity” were assessed via receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. The final model was a two‐population tumor growth inhibition model with additive drug effect and transit delay compartments for cell killing. The ROC area under the curve value of relapse prediction 180 days ahead of observed relapse by FPC was 0.828 using at least 360 days of response data, which was superior to the M‐protein velocity ROC score of 0.706 under the same conditions. The model can predict future relapse from early M‐protein responses and can be used in a future clinical trial to test whether early switching to second‐line therapy results in better outcomes in MM.
Attitude determination for multirotor aerial vehicles using a prescribed‐time super‐twisting algorithm
Authors: Silva João Filipe , Santos Davi A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the prescribed‐time robust attitude determination (AD) of multirotor aerial vehicles (MAVs) using vector measurements from the local magnetic field and local gravity. To address this problem, we first introduce a novel modified super‐twisting algorithm endowed with the prescribed‐time convergence property. The state of the proposed algorithm is governed by an unbounded time‐varying gain up to the prescribed settling time (PST) and by a function after that. Therefore, after the PST, the new algorithm coincides with the conventional super‐twisting, thus showing robust stability at the origin. This prescribed‐time super‐twisting algorithm (PTSTA) is then applied to the formulation of a three‐stage gyro‐free attitude determination method for MAVs. In the first stage, the classical QUEST algorithm is used to compute a Wahba‐optimal attitude estimate from the vector measurements. In the second stage, the PTSTA is employed in the formulation of a robust state estimator that provides estimates of the attitude Gibbs vector and its rate. Finally, in the third stage, these state estimates as well as the attitude kinematic equation are immediately used to compute the MAV angular velocity. The proposed robust prescribed‐time gyro‐free AD method is evaluated numerically, showing invariance with respect to disturbance and model uncertainty.
Robust internal model‐based control for linear‐time‐invariant systems
Authors: Azimi Atabak , Koch Stefan , Reichhartinger Markus 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article addresses robust output regulation for systems affected by disturbances generated by an uncertain exosystem as well as matched external disturbances. The robustness of the feedback loop is achieved by combining internal model based control with sliding mode control, resulting in a structurally simple controller. The design of the proposed controller is presented first for the full information problem, that is, the disturbances generated by the exosystem and the state‐information is available for the control algorithm. This requirement is relaxed in the second step of the controller design, where the observer‐based robust output feedback‐loop structure is developed. Results from a comparative simulation study are presented to illustrate the advantages and the effectiveness of the proposed controller concept.
Biodiverse coffee plantations provide co‐benefits without compromising yield
Authors: Wright Dale R. , Gordon Ascelin , Bennett Ruth E. , Selinske Matthew J. , Lentini Pia E. , Garrard Georgia E. , Rodewald Amanda D. , Bekessy Sarah A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionCoffee is a ubiquitous global commodity that is cultivated with a wide range of practices, each with different, yet poorly understood trade‐offs between management intensity, yield, and biodiversity. For example, monocultures prioritise coffee production, but do not necessarily deliver the highest coffee yields, nor the greatest profits. Understanding these trade‐offs is key to informing sustainable coffee production.MethodsWe synthesized the literature on these relationships, finding that agroforestry farming systems support greater biodiversity while often producing coffee yields that are comparable to monoculture systems.ResultsOver half of studies (57%) failed to detect a trade‐off between yield and biodiversity in agroforestry systems. Of the 16 cases that investigated pollinators and yield, 85% showed a positive relationship. Farm proximity to natural forests also improved both biodiversity outcomes and coffee yields.ConclusionStudies in our data set revealed that agroforestry systems can deliver additional ecosystem services including carbon sequestration and pest control, with economic benefits accrued through income diversification and improvements to coffee bean quality. Our results illustrate how agroforestry systems within the coffee sector can return positive socio‐ecological outcomes.
Nanodiamond: A Promising Carbon‐Based Nanomaterial for Therapeutic and Regenerative Dental Applications
Authors: Taymour Noha , Haque Md Azizul , Atia Gamal Abdel Nasser , Mohamed Sara Z. , Rokaya Dinesh , Bajunaid Salem M. , Soliman Magdalen M. , Shalaby Hany K. , Barai Paritosh , Roy Madhusudan , Barai Hasi Rani 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNanodiamonds (NDs) are utilized for various purposes in dentistry, such as tissue regeneration, gene therapy, and medication delivery. Despite the examination of their potential for dental uses, there is currently no published review summarizing the conducted investigations. Additional investigations are required to comprehend the biological compatibility of NDs in dentistry. NDs have been proven effective for a variety of applications in dentistry because of unique qualities such as target cell selectivity, nanometer size, and fluorescence. Nanodiamonds find various applications in dentistry, encompassing roles in directed tissue regeneration, reinforcing polymers, and administering medications for treating infections and cancer. Researchers have also suggested the potential use of nanodiamonds as coatings for antibacterial or bioactive dental implants. Nevertheless, investigations on their biological compatibility have been scarce and insufficient so far, necessitating significantly further studies to envision the potential use of NDs in dentistry. It is believed that within the ten years to come, these emerging substances will discover several kinds of daily usage in dental practice.
[4+2] Cycloaddition Mediated Stereoselective Synthesis of Tetrahydro‐1H‐Isobenzofuro Chromene Dione Derivatives: Antibacterial Evaluation and Molecular Docking Investigation
Authors: Priyadarshini Parida Sonali , Mohapatra Suhasini , Nayak Sabita , Mohapatra Seetaram , Panda Jasmine , Ranjan Sahoo Chita 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAn efficient stereoselective synthesis of tetrahydro‐1H‐isobenzofuro[4,5‐c]chromene‐1,3(3aH)‐dione derivatives were achieved through a novel [4+2] cycloaddition reaction of 4‐styryl‐2H‐chromenes with cheaply available maleic anhydride. A series of new tetrahydro‐1H‐isobenzofuro[4,5‐c]chromene‐1,3(3aH)‐dione derivatives 21(a–p) were synthesized in good to excellent yield under mild reaction condition with no chromatographic purification. In this reaction, the generation of four new consecutive stereogenic centers were determined by single crystal X‐ray analysis. All the synthesized compounds were investigated further in silico and in vitro for antibacterial activities using two bacterial strain of DNA gyrase. Compounds 21 b and 21 j showed excellent docking score −9.3 kCal/mol and −8.6 kCal/mol with gram negative bacterial strain Escherichia coli (E. coli) with protein data bank (PDB ID) 3G7E. Out of all the tested molecules, 21 b and 21 j displayed good results with minimum inhibitory concentration 10 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml against the bacterial strain Escherichia coli(E. coli) and 10 μg/ml, 20 μg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) respectively.
Theoretical Study of Transition Metal Chemistry in Alkali Metal Complexes [K2M(COT)2]− (M=K, Rb, Cs)
Authors: Bian Jian‐Hong , An Yanyan , Huo Bin , Yan Juanzhi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe transition metal properties of heavy alkaline earth metals have been extensively studied, and their neighbouring heavy alkali metals have been limited to the interactions with CO‐σ ligands. Based on this, the complexes [K2M(COT)2]− (M=K, Rb, Cs) interacting with heavy alkali metals and COT‐π ligands are theoretically designed in this paper. The electronic structure analysis showed that the three complexes had 10 occupied molecular orbitals (MOs), in which 8 of them were related to the atomic orbitals (AOs) of central alkali metals, including 4 d orbitals (dxy, dx2−y2, dxz, dyz), so they also exhibited the typical behaviors of transition metals. NBO analysis indicated that the central metals in these complexes are common valence of +1, the ligands are negative, so the electrostatic coulomb interaction between positive and negative ions makes them more stable. This can be reflected by the high binding energies of −585.8 to −594.0 kcal/mol, which are much higher than those of −6.5 to −63.3 kcal/mol for the trace amount of complexes combined by neutral metals and ligands. It would be a feasible strategy for the design of the macrosynthesis of related complexes by combining the positive ions and negative ligands, which can stabilize the complexes through the favorable Coulomb attractions.
Harnessing Nature‐Inspired Catechol Amino Acid to Engineer Sticky Proteins and Bacteria
Authors: Zhang Mengxi , Chen Yuda , Chung Anna , Yang Shudan , Choi Chi Hun , Zhang Sophie , Han Yimo , Xiao Han 
Published: September 2024

Abstract3,4‐Dihydroxy‐L‐phenylalanine (DOPA) serves as a post‐translational modification amino acid present in mussel foot proteins. Mussels exploit the exceptional adhesive properties of DOPA to adhere to a wide range of surfaces. This study presents the development of sticky proteins and bacteria through the site‐specific incorporation of DOPA using Genetic Code Expansion Technology. Through the optimization of the DOPA incorporation system, proteins containing DOPA demonstrate significantly improved binding abilities to various organic and metallic materials. The material‐binding capabilities of DOPA to combat different types of biofoulings are harnessed by integrating it into intrinsically disordered proteins. Beyond the creation of adhesive proteins for anti‐biofouling purposes, this highly efficient DOPA incorporation system is also applied to engineer adhesive bacteria, resulting in a remarkable increase in their binding capability to diverse materials including 400 folds of improvement to polyethylene terephthalate (PET). This substantial enhancement in PET binding of these bacteria has allowed to develop a unique approach for PET degradation, showcasing the innovative application of Genetic Code Expansion in cell engineering.
Theme park rides are Giffen goods
Authors: Heutel Garth 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUsing a unique proprietary data set on the behavior of guests visiting theme parks, I document evidence for Giffen behavior in the demand for theme park rides. On average, when the price of a ride increases, that is, the wait time increases, then the probability of riding it increases. This relationship arises predominantly among demand for the least‐desirable rides, it arises predominantly in the theme parks with the fewest number of substitute rides, and it is robust to controlling for expectations of future wait times and other sensitivity analyses. These patterns are all consistent with Giffen behavior.
A comprehensive survey of UPPAAL‐assisted formal modeling and verification
Authors: Zhou Wenbo , Zhao Yujiao , Zhang Ye , Wang Yiyuan , Yin Minghao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUPPAAL is a formal modeling and verification tool based on timed automata, capable of effectively analyzing real‐time software and hardware systems. In this article, we investigate research on UPPAAL‐assisted formal modeling and verification. First, we propose four research questions considering tool characteristics, modeling methods, verification means and application domains. Then, the state‐of‐the‐art methods for model specification and verification in UPPAAL are discussed, involving model transformation, model repair, property specification, as well as verification and testing methods. Next, typical application cases of formal modeling and verification assisted by UPPAAL are analyzed, spanning across domains such as network protocol, multi‐agent system, cyber‐physical system, rail traffic and aerospace systems, cloud and edge computing systems, as well as biological and medical systems. Finally, we address the four proposed questions based on our survey and outline future research directions. By responding to these questions, we aim to provide summaries and insights into potential avenues for further exploration in this field.
Pentachlorophenol Exposure Delays the Recovery of Colitis in Association With Altered Gut Microbiota and Purine Metabolism
Authors: Li Wenzheng , Mu Jing , Ni Shanhong , Pei Wenlong , Wan Li , Wu Xin , Zhu Jun , Zhang Zhan , Li Lei 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTPentachlorophenol (PCP) was used widely as preservative and biocide and has been banned due to with various harmful effects, such as carcinogenicity and teratogenicity. However, the effects of PCP on colitis induced by dextrose sodium sulfate (DSS) remain largely unknown. Serum metabolomics and gut microbiota were investigated to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Exposure to 20 μg/L PCP aggravated DSS‐induced body weight loss, colon shortening, severe histological injuries, and upregulation of TNFα, iNOS, IL‐1β, and IL‐6. Serum metabolomics showed that both DSS and PCP could significantly disrupted tryptophan metabolism in normal mice. Interestingly, PCP exposure intensified the disturbance in purine metabolism but not tryptophan metabolism caused by DSS. Quantitative analysis of tryptophan and metabolites further confirmed that PCP exposure significantly increased the serum contents of serotonin, adenine, guanine, guanosine, inosine monophosphate (IMP), inosine, and hypoxanthine in DSS‐treated mice. The overall gut microbial community was significantly modified by PCP and DSS treatment alone. Rikenellaceae_RC9_Gut_group, Colidextribacter, and Desulfovibrio were more abundant in colitis mice following PCP exposure. Further integrative analysis of differential bacteria and purine metabolites highlighted a significant correlation between Desulfovibrio and several purine metabolites, including guanine, guanosine, hypoxanthine, IMP, and inosine. Adenosine ribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis, inosine‐5′‐phosphate biosynthesis I, and urate biosynthesis/inosine 5′‐phosphate degradation pathways were depleted in colitis mice upon PCP treatment. Taken together, PCP exposure delayed the recovery of colitis induced by DSS in association with altered gut microbiota and serum metabolites, which were enriched in tryptophan and purine metabolism.
Cardiac biomarker concentrations in cats with elevated pancreatic lipase concentrations
Authors: Cridge Harry , DeCicco Barry , Monterroso Stephanie , Steiner Jorg M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundCardiac biomarker concentrations are elevated in dogs with pancreatitis, but it is unknown if this is also the case for cats.MethodsThe serum feline pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (fPLI) of serum samples from 60 cats was quantified using the Spec fPL assay. Serum N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin I (HST) concentrations were also measured using commercial assays.ResultsFive of 20 cats with fPLI concentrations of 8.8 mg/L or more had above reference interval NT‐proBNP concentrations. Serum NT‐proBNP concentrations were not correlated with fPLI concentrations (p = 0.31) and were not different in each diagnostic category for fPLI results (p = 0.24). Serum HST concentrations were positively correlated with fPLI concentrations (r = 0.278, 95% confidence interval: 0.02‒0.50, p = 0.03). However, they were not significantly different in each diagnostic category for fPLI results (p = 0.16).LimitationsUnidentified co‐variates could contribute to the association between fPLI and cardiac biomarker concentrations.ConclusionsCats with elevated fPLI concentrations may have elevated cardiac biomarker concentrations.
Evaluation serum soluble interleukin 2 receptor with diagnosis and prognosis in canine solid tumour: 34 cases
Authors: NamKung Hyun , Park Su‐Min , Im Jae‐Hyeon , Lim Ga‐Hyun , Ryu Min‐Ok , Seo Kyoung‐Won , Youn Hwa‐Young 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground/AimThe soluble interleukin‐2 receptor (sIL‐2R) serve as a valuable biomarker for tumors in human patients, as its levels increase during the activation of T lymphocytes in clinical states such as inflammation, infection, and tumor. This study aimed to demonstrate that sIL‐2R levels can be also elevated in dogs with tumors and evaluate its applicability as a diagnostic and prognostic factor in canine cancer patients.Patients and MethodsSerum was collected from 6 healthy dogs and 34 dogs with solid tumors. The concentration of sIL‐2R was measured using a commercial enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kit.ResultsThe median sIL‐2R concentration was significantly higher in dogs with solid masses than in healthy dogs (117.3 vs 68.33 pg/ml, p = 0.016). The highest median sIL‐2R concentration was found in dogs with malignant tumors, followed by those with benign tumors, and healthy dogs (119.6 vs 93.74 vs 68.33 pg/ml, respectively). In dogs with malignant tumors, the mortality rate was significantly higher in the group with high sIL‐2R levels than in the group with low sIL‐2R levels. Dogs with solid tumors, particularly those with malignant tumors, had higher concentrations of sIL‐2R than healthy dogs. Among dogs with malignant tumors, a correlation between sIL‐2R concentration and mortality rate was confirmed.ConclusionSerum sIL‐2R levels may be used to detect malignant tumors and serve as a prognostic factor in dogs with malignant tumors.
Jahrestagung der Wasserchemischen Gesellschaft 2024 in Limburg
Authors: Janssen Elisabeth , Scheurer Marco , Winzenbacher Rudi , Spahr Stephanie , Fliege Ralph , Kämpfe Alexander , Lutze Holger , Sturm Sebastian 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Jahrestagung der Wasserchemischen Gesellschaft „Wasser 2024“ vom 6. bis 8. Mai in Limburg präsentierte sich als die zentrale deutsche Tagung über die neuesten Erkenntnisse zu allen Themen der Wasserqualität. Profis aus dem Bereich der Wasserchemie, der Wasseraufbereitung sowie Fachleute anderer Disziplinen des Wasserfachs trafen sich zu einem intensiven Erfahrungs‐ und Gedankenaustausch. Ein Schwerpunkt lag auf der persönlichen Begegnung und den wissenschaftlichen Diskussionen aktueller fachlicher Herausforderungen. Am 6. Mai 2024 fand die Mitgliederversammlung der Wasserchemischen Gesellschaft statt. Anschließend wurde zu einer „Bunten Nacht der Poster“ eingeladen. Schon am Sonntagabend, 5. Mai 2024, gab es ein Get‐Together, einschließlich des Jungforscher‐Forums. Am Abend des 7. Mai konnten die Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer sich zum „Networking Dinner“ treffen. Natürlich war auch eine Fachausstellung wieder Teil der Wasser 2024. Denn nicht nur der intensive Austausch unter Wissenschaftlern, sondern auch der Dialog mit Unternehmen aus dem Wasserfach ist sehr wichtig. Interessierte Aussteller waren eingeladen, dem Fachpublikum ihr Unternehmen und ihre Produkte zu präsentieren.
Local brain abnormalities in emotional disorders: Evidence from resting state fMRI studies
Authors: Jia Xize , Li Mengting , Wang Chunjie , Antwi Collins Opoku , Darko Adjei Peter , Zhang Baojing , Ren Jun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEmotional disorders inflict an enormous burden on society. Research on brain abnormalities implicated in emotional disorders has witnessed great progress over the past decades. Using cross‐sectional and longitudinal designs, resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) and its analytic approaches have been applied to characterize the local properties of patients with emotional disorders. Additionally, brain activity alterations of emotional disorders have shown frequency‐specific. Despite the gains in understanding the roles of brain abnormalities in emotional disorders, the limitation of the small sample size needs to be highlighted. Lastly, we proposed that evidence from the positive psychology research stream presents it as a viable discipline, whose suggestions could be developed in future emotional disorders research. Such interdisciplinary research may produce novel treatments and intervention options.This article is categorized under:
Psychology > Brain Function and Dysfunction
From 3D point‐cloud data to explainable geometric deep learning: State‐of‐the‐art and future challenges
Authors: Saranti Anna , Pfeifer Bastian , Gollob Christoph , Stampfer Karl , Holzinger Andreas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe present an exciting journey from 3D point‐cloud data (PCD) to the state of the art in graph neural networks (GNNs) and their evolution with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), and 3D geometric priors with the human‐in‐the‐loop. We follow a simple definition of a “digital twin,” as a high‐precision, three‐dimensional digital representation of a physical object or environment, captured, for example, by Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology. After a digression into transforming PCD into images, graphs, combinatorial complexes and hypergraphs, we explore recent developments in geometric deep learning (GDL) and provide insight into the application of these network architectures for analyzing and learning from graph‐structured data. We emphasize the importance of the explainability of these models and recognize that the ability to interpret and validate the results of complex models is a crucial aspect of their wider adoption.This article is categorized under:
Technologies > Artificial Intelligence