bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PANDANGAN ULAMA TERHADAP KONTRAK HIBRID DAN PELAKSANAANNYA DALAM PRODUK PEMBIAYAAN PERUMAHAN AFFIN HOME INVEST-I
Authors: Yunus Mohd Hashim , Zakaria Zamzuri 
Published: December 2016

AbstractHybrid contract is a contract that combines various contract principles in a product or an activity. There are various Islamic scholars’views on permissibility of practicing the hybrid contracts. The concept of combination of various contracts are applied in Islamic funding institutions in Malaysia through the principle of Musharakah Mutanaqisah (Diminishing Partnership). The Affin Home Invest-i practices Musharakah Mutanaqisah. The objective of this research is to identify the Islamic scholars’ views on hybrid contracts and study on its enforcement in housing finance based on the prinsiple of Musharakah Mutanaqisah in the Affin Home Invest-i at Affin Islamic Bank Berhad. This is a qualitative research with content analysis approach and semi-structure interviews. Results of this research indicates that arguments of the Islamic scholars who permit the combination contract is in high demand and consistent with current needs. This research also found that Affin Islamic Bank Berhad applies the housing finance based on the principle of Musharakah Mutanaqisah by combining the contract of shirkah (partnership), ijarah (renting), and purchase. AbstrakKontrak hibrid ialah penggabungan antara beberapa akad iaitu dalam satu aktiviti atau produk. Musharakah mutanaqisah merupakan antara satu contoh kontrak muamalah yang bersifat hibrid. Musharakah mutanaqisah terdiri daripada kontrak musharakah, al-bayc dan ijarah. Namun begitu, apakah pandangan ulama terhadap kontrak hibrid. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenalpasti pandangan ulama silam dan masa kini mengenai kontrak hibrid. Seterusnya mengkaji pelaksanaan pembiayaan perumahan musharakah muatanaqisah dalam produk Affin Home Invest-I di Affin Islamic Bank berhad. Dalam kajian ini, maklumat diperoleh melalui metod kepustakaan untuk memaparkan pendapat para ulama dalam isu-isu yang dibincangkan dengan membawa dalil-dalil yang menjadi sandaran kepada pandangan mereka. Juga temubual dengan pengurus produk bank. (Amirol Abdullah, Pengurus Bahagian Produk di AIBB) Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa ulama yang mengharuskan penggabungan akad adalah menjadi pilihan dan diikuti dalam produk pembiayaan perumahan berbanding dengan pendapat ulama yang mengharamkannya. Kajian ini juga mendapati bahawa Affin Islamic Bank Berhad (AIBB) melaksanakan produk pembiayaan perumahan yang berasaskan musharakah mutanaqisah yang berpandukan asas perundangan Islam yang menepati syariah dan pendapat ulama yang mengharuskan produk pembiayaan perumahan.
Doppler ultrasonography combined with transient elastography improves the non-invasive assessment of fibrosis in patients with chronic liver diseases
Authors: Alempijevic Tamara , Zec Simon , Nikolic Vladimir , Veljkovic Aleksandar , Stojanovic Zoran , Matovic Vera , Milosavljevic Tomica 
Published: December 2016

Aims: Accurate clinical assessment of liver fibrosis is essential and the aim of our study was to compare and combine hemodynamic Doppler ultrasonography, liver stiffness by transient elastography, and non-invasive serum biomarkers with the degree of fibrosis confirmed by liver biopsy, and thereby to determine the value of combining non-invasive method in the prediction significant liver fibrosis. Material and methods: We included 102 patients with chronic liver disease of various etiology. Each patient was evaluated using Doppler ultrasonography measurements of the velocity and flow pattern at portal trunk, hepatic and splenic artery, serum fibrosis biomarkers, and transient elastography. These parameters were then input into a multilayer perceptron artificial neural network with two hidden layers, and used to create models for predicting significant fibrosis. Results: According to METAVIR score, clinically significant fibrosis (≥F2) was detected in 57.8% of patients. A model based only on Doppler parameters (hepatic artery diameter, hepatic artery systolic and diastolic velocity, splenic artery systolic velocity and splenic artery Resistance Index), predicted significant liver fibrosis with a sensitivity and specificity of75.0% and 60.0%. The addition of unrelated non-invasive tests improved the diagnostic accuracy of Doppler examination. The best model for prediction of significant fibrosis was obtained by combining Doppler parameters, non-invasive markers (APRI, ASPRI, and FIB-4) and transient elastography, with a sensitivity and specificity of 88.9% and 100%. Conclusion: Doppler parameters alone predict the presence of ≥F2 fibrosis with fair accuracy. Better prediction rates are achieved by combining Doppler variables with non-invasive markers and liver stiffness by transient elastography.
Ultrasound and MRI comprehensive approach in prenatal diagnosis of fetal osteochondrodysplasias. Cases series.
Authors: Berceanu Costin , Gheonea Ioana Andreea , Vlădăreanu Simona , Cîrstoiu Monica Mihaela , Vlădăreanu Radu , Mehedinţu Claudia , Berceanu Sabina , Ciortea Răzvan , Brătilă Elvira 
Published: December 2016

Aim: To present the systematic ultrasonographic assessment in fetal osteochondrodysplasias and to evaluate the fetal MRI intake, as a complementary exploration to US, in the prenatal diagnosis and perinatal prognosis of fetal nonlethal osteochondrodysplasias. Material and methods: In this tertiary multicentre study were included 37 cases diagnosed prenatally with various entities in the category of nonlethal fetal osteochondrodysplasias. The initial diagnosis was carried out by the routine or detailed ultrasound examination. Fetal MRI was accomplished for selected cases. Results: Nonlethal skeletal dysplasia was suspected and then diagnosed after 17 gestational weeks. The suspicion of osteochondrodysplasia as a reference diagnosis element has required systematic and thorough ultrasound examination. Fetal MRI is a valuable exploration, complementary to prenatal ultrasound bringing in very useful details for the diagnosis of osteochondrodysplasias. The global diagnosis of skeletal dysplasia depends to a great extent on the genetic or biochemical abnormality that causes them. Conclusions: US is always the fundamental screening exploration for fetal assessment in nonlethal osteochondrodysplasias. The details brought by the fetal MRI are useful, and the exploration is harmless for the fetus and the mother. Certain diagnosis cannot be accurate and complete without the contribution of genetics, maternal and fetal medicine, obstetrics or radiology.
Imagistic and histopathological description of a cystic nephroma during early second trimester of gestation. Case report.
Authors: Staicu Adelina , Popa-Stanilă Roxana , Gheban Dan , Chiriac Liviu , Turcu Flaviu RV , Caracostea Gabriela , Stamatian Florin 
Published: December 2016

Cystic nephroma is a rare and benign renal tumour of unknown origin, usually diagnosed in the first years of childhood or during adult life. To our knowledge, there are no records in the literature of this particular tumour being descried prenatally. We present a case of a fetus diagnosed with cystic nephroma on 16 weeks of gestation. The renal tumour was evaluated by prenatal ultrasound, post mortem with 7T magnetic resonance imaging, and conventional autopsy.
Differential Effects of 2 Rehabilitation Programs Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Setuain Igor , Izquierdo Mikel , Idoate Fernando , Bikandi Eder , Gorostiaga Esteban M. , Aagaard Per , Cadore Eduardo L. , Alfaro-Adrián Jesús 
Published: December 2016

Context:The muscular function restoration related to the type of physical rehabilitation followed after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using autologous hamstring tendon graft in terms of strength and cross-sectional area (CSA) remain controversial.Objective:To analyze the CSA and force output of quadriceps and hamstring muscles in subjects following either an Objective Criteria-Based Rehabilitation (OCBR) algorithm or the usual care (UCR) for ACL rehabilitation in Spain, before and 1 year after undergoing an ACLR.Design:Longitudinal clinical double-blinded randomized controlled trial.Setting:Sports-medicine research center.Patients:40 recreational athletes (30 male, 10 female [24 ± 6.9 y, 176.55 ± 6.6 cm, 73.58 ± 12.3 kg]).Intervention:Both groups conducted differentiated rehabilitation procedures after ACLR. Those belonging to OCBR group were guided in their recovery according to the current evidence-based principles. UCR group followed the national conventional approach for ACL rehabilitation.Main Outcome Measures:Concentric isokinetic knee joint flexor-extension torque assessments at 180°/s and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) evaluations were performed before and 12 months after ACLR. Anatomical muscle CSA (mm2) was assessed, in Quadriceps, Biceps femoris, Semitendinous, Semimembranosus, and Gracilis muscles at 50% and 70% femur length.Results:Reduced muscle CSA was observed in both treatment groups for Semitendinosus and Gracilis 1 year after ACLR. At 1-year follow-up, subjects allocated to the OCBR demonstrated greater knee flexor and extensor peak torque values in their reconstructed limbs in comparison with patients treated by UCR.Conclusions:Objective atrophy of Semitendinosus and Gracilis muscles related to surgical ACLR was found to persist in both rehabilitation groups. However, OCBR after ACLR lead to substantial gains on maximal knee flexor strength and ensured more symmetrical anterior-posterior laxity levels at the knee joint.
Athletes’ Perception of Athletic Trainer Empathy: How Important Is It?
Authors: David Shannon , Larson Mary 
Published: December 2016

Context:Health care practitioners face increasing expectations to provide patient-centered care. Communication skills, specifically empathy, are critical in the provision of patient-centered care. Past work correlates empathy with improved patient satisfaction, compliance, and treatment outcomes. In particular, a predictive relationship exists between clients’ ratings of their clinician’s empathy and treatment outcomes. There is a dearth of studies examining empathy using qualitative methodology and factors of empathy in athletic training.Objective:To gain an understanding of athletes’ perceptions of empathy in the patient–clinician relationship.Design:Qualitative interviews were completed using grounded-theory techniques.Setting:A quiet office.Participants:A typical, purposeful sample of 15 college-age Division I student-athletes (8 female, 7 male; 19.3 ± 1.2 y) from a variety of sports (football, wrestling, volleyball, baseball, etc) participated.Data Collection and Analysis:Researchers utilized an interview protocol designed to understand the factors of empathy related to athletic training. The interview protocol established a concept of empathy to help facilitate discussion of ideas. Data were transcribed, coded, and analyzed for themes and patterns using grounded-theory techniques. Trustworthiness of the data was ensured using an external auditor, member checks, and methods triangulation.Results:Five themes described empathy: advocacy, communication, approachability, access, and competence. Advocacy was described as the athletic trainer (AT) representing the patient. Communication was the ability to listen reflectively; approachability emerged as the comfort and personal connection the patient felt with the AT. Access and technical competence were bridges required for the development of empathy.Conclusions:Providing patient-centered care facilitated by developing good patient–clinician relationships is critical in enabling the best treatment outcomes. ATs portray empathy through advocacy, communication, and approachability. Empathy improves the patient–clinician relationship and is critical for patient-centered care delivered by ATs.
Similarities of the K/Pc dinoflagellate cyst associations between South Atlantic and Indian proto-oceans
Authors: Menezes Júnior Bispo de , Garcia Maria Judite , Premaor Eduardo , Oliveira Paulo Eduardo De , Arai Mitsuru , Bernardes-de-Oliveira Mary Elizabeth Cerruti , Kavali Pauline Sabina , Shivanna Mahesh 
Published: December 2016

In this contribution we present the composition of the Late Cretaceous / Paleocene dinoflagellate cyst assemblages found in the Pelotas Basin, southern Brazil in order to provide a first paleobiogeographical comparison between this location, India and other former Gondwana continents: South America (Argentina and Uruguay), Africa (Nigeria and Western Ghana), Antarctica, Australia, and New Zealand. A total of 13 taxa, some endemic and other cosmopolitan were identified. The paleoenvironment of the Gondwana former members basins, as previously presented and attested by the dinoflagellate cysts are marginal marine nearshore, varying from neritic to shallow neritic and lagoonal or coastal swamps, which permitted the deposition of sediments in anoxic marine conditions. The present analysis of similarity between K/Pc dinoflagellate cyst associations allowed the establishment of paleobiogeographic distribution.
Floristic similarities of the Artinskian Siderópolis Member macroflora, Rio Bonito formation (Paraná Basin, Brazil) with Cisuralian paleofloras of India
Authors: Bernardes-de-Oliveira Mary Elizabeth Cerruti , Kavali Pauline Sabina , Mune Sandra Eiko , Garcia Maria Judite , Shivanna Mahesh , Iannuzzi Roberto , Pereira Karoline Gonçalves 
Published: December 2016

This contribution focuses on the relationship between the Siderópolis Member paleoflora and Indian Gondwanan paleofloras, especially with those of the Cisuralian stages, thus providing additional criteria for the correlation of Western and Eastern Gondwanan coal successions in the lower Permian interval. Despite the large number of species in common with the Karharbari Stage (Sakmarian) flora, the Siderópolis paleoflora exhibits a higher percentage and diversification of the genus Glossopteris, which is less expressive in the Karharbari Stage floras, while the declining Gangamopteris-Noeggerathiopsis complex in Siderópolis Member paleoflora still dominates the associations of Karharbari Stage. However, the floristic composition of the lower level of the Barakar Stage (Artinskian), despite having fewer species in common with the Siderópolis paleoflora, exhibits the characters of the latter vis-à-vis the dominance and diversity of the genus Glossopteris over the Gangamopteris‑Noeggerathiopsis complex, which decreases both in diversity as well as in abundance in the lower Barakar, similar to what occurs in the Brazilian paleoflora. The decline of the icehouse stage and the similar latitudinal position of the Gondwanan regions compared in the present study seem to have acted as important factors to the development of similar vegetation patterns in coal floras from Western (Brazilian) and Eastern (Indian) Gondwana during the Artinskian.
The Artinskian Siderópolis Member macroflora, Rio Bonito Formation and its stratigraphical correlation with other early Permian macrofloras of Paraná Basin, Brazil
Authors: Bernardes-de-Oliveira Mary Elizabeth Cerruti , Mune Sandra Eiko , Garcia Maria Judite , Iannuzzi Roberto , Guerra-Sommer Margot , Jasper André , Kavali Pauline Sabina , Shivanna Mahesh , Pereira Karoline Gonçalves 
Published: December 2016

An overview of the composition of the paleoflora preserved in clay-siltstones of the Siderópolis Member, Rio Bonito Formation is presented in order to establish phytostratigraphical comparisons with other Late Pennsylvanian and Cisuralian paleofloras of the Paraná Basin. The Rio Bonito Formation, the most important of the coal bearing lithostratigraphic units of the Paraná Basin belongs to the Gondwana I Supersequence (Pennsylvanian-Early Triassic). The Siderópolis paleoflora occurs in the uppermost layers of coal of Rio Bonito Formation in Santa Catarina coalfield in four distinct localities of the State of Santa Catarina: Lauro Muller, Criciúma, São Marcos and Treviso. In this paleoflora the glossopterid leaves predominate with an evident dominance of the genus Glossopteris over Gangamopteris, followed by Cordaitalean leaves (Noeggerathiopsis) and seeds (Cordaicarpus, Samaropsis, Cornucarpus). Sterile fronds are common and few are fertile (Sphenopteris, Pecopteris, Ponsotheca and Notoangaridium). Pteridosperm reproductive structures (Arberia, Arberiopsis, Ottokaria) are not frequent and branches of conifers (Brasilocladus, Buriadia) are rare. Concerning other paleofloras of the basin, the Siderópolis paleoflora is distinguished by high diversity and many exclusive taxa showing only few similarities with some paleofloras registered in Rio Grande do Sul, occurring in outcrops of the Rio Bonito Formation such as Morro do Papaléo (upper section) and Quitéria. The differences may reflect an upper stratigraphic position, but may also indicate differences in sedimentation and / or in paleoecological conditions.
The Ventromedial Frontal Lobe Contributes to Forming Effective Solutions to Real-world Problems
Authors: Peters Sarah L. , Fellows Lesley K. , Sheldon Signy 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Although the ventromedial frontal lobe (VMF) has been implicated in several complex cognitive tasks such as decision-making and problem solving, the processes for which this region is critical remain unclear. Laboratory studies have largely focused on how the VMF contributes to decision-making when outcomes or options are provided, but in the real world generating appropriate options is likely a crucial and rate-limiting initial step. Here, we determined how VMF damage affected the option generation phase of naturalistic problem solving. A group of patients with VMF damage and two controls groups—age-matched healthy participants and patients with frontal damage sparing VMF—were asked to generate as many options as possible to five scenarios depicting open-ended, real-world problems (e.g., having lunch at a restaurant and forgetting your wallet at home). Both the number of options and the effectiveness of each option generated were examined. Damage to VMF led to a significant reduction in both the number of options produced across all problem-solving scenarios and the ability to generate effective options, most notably for scenarios that were social in nature. We discuss these findings in terms of the mechanisms by which the VMF may contribute to option generation, focusing on proposals suggesting this region is important for integrating subjective value and retrieving schematic representations.
What do we know of Roman wall painting technique? Potential confounding factors in ancient paint media analysis
Authors: Cuní Jorge 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The theory of fresco as the standard painting technique in Roman wall paintings, formulated in the mid-1960s by Paolo Mora and Laura Mora and Paul Philippot, has enjoyed general acceptance among specialists to the present day. However, the fresco theory is based on a series of postulates—such as the feasibility of fresco on pontate, the presence of giornate, or the use of alkali-sensitive pigments—which appear to be unsupported by physical or experimental evidence and which would require further assessment in order to validate the theory. Additionally, chemical analyses of Roman murals have identified the presence of various types of organic binders. A comparative study of these analyses reveals a remarkable difference between results obtained by the different researchers. The clustering of results by research group appears highly unlikely, suggesting the possible presence of confounding factors which could lead to distorted results. These factors might be related both to the difficulty in extracting ancient paint media and the influence of biological contamination. If the extraction method used is not adequate for an ancient binding medium, then part of the binder may not be extracted, producing an incomplete characterization of its composition. The lack of data on both the efficiency of the methods used and the possible influence of microbial contamination in the organic material may cause uncertainty in the degree of reliability of the different results obtained, fomenting uncertainty around the techniques used in ancient paintings as well as the treatments suitable for their conservation. Therefore, in the analysis of ancient paint media, the implementation of a protocol of assessment of both the efficiency of the extraction methods and the influence of biological contamination seems advisable.
Definition of compassion in healthcare: a systematic literature review
Authors: Perez-Bret Encarnación , Altisent Rogelio , Rocafort Javier 
Published: December 2016

Aim: To reflect on the definition of compassion and analyse the concepts encompassed by the term. Background: A large number of authors have defined compassion, with certain nuances that differ from case to case. This raises the need for specificity in the definition of the term. Data sources: First, a systematic search was conducted of scientific databases. Second, a selection of experts were consulted and a request made to them for specific articles. Third, the snowball method was used. Design: The keywords used in the literature search were ‘compassion’ and ‘empathy’, a MeSH term given for compassion. There are terms, such as self-compassion, compassion meditation, compassion fatigue and mindfulness, which, owing to their specific nature, were not included, because this study deals with the general aspects of compassion. Results: The systematic search found 104 articles, of which 6 articles were selected after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The eight experts provided a total of 14 references, of which seven articles met the inclusion criteria. Finally, 15 references were identified with the snowball method (n=28). Conclusions: Compassion originates as an empathic response to suffering, as a rational process which pursues patients' wellbeing, through specific, ethical actions directed at finding a solution to their suffering. We therefore define the term compassion to mean the sensitivity shown in order to understand another person's suffering, combined with a willingness to help and to promote the wellbeing of that person, in order to find a solution to their situation. This should be a duty in healthcare professionals' daily work.
SAICM Science Sector and IUPAC Activities
Authors: Makarova Anna S. , Humphris Colin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management (SAICM) is a policy framework designed to foster the sound management of chemicals globally. SAICM is a key United Nations initiative on sustainable development that is being undertaken jointly through the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Health Organisation (WHO). These two agencies have organised the SAICM Secretariat. SAICM builds on the series of World Summits on Sustainable Development that recognised the economic importance of the chemical industry, but also its potential environmental and health costs (see box).
Nicotine and Tobacco as Substances of Abuse in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Siqueira Lorena M. ,   COMMITTEE ON SUBSTANCE USE AND PREVENTION, Ryan Sheryl A. , Gonzalez Pamela K. , Patrick Stephen W. , Quigley Joanna , Walker Leslie R. 
Published: December 2016

This Technical Report was revised. See https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2023-061806.
Nicotine is the primary pharmacologic component of tobacco, and users of tobacco products seek out its effects. The highly addictive nature of nicotine is responsible for its widespread use and difficulty with quitting. This technical report focuses on nicotine and discusses the stages of use in progression to dependence on nicotine-containing products; the physiologic characteristics, neurobiology, metabolism, pharmacogenetics, and health effects of nicotine; and acute nicotine toxicity. Finally, some newer approaches to cessation are noted.