bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence‐based practices and US state government civil servants: Current use, challenges, and pathways forward
Authors: Cheng Yuan (Daniel) , Thompson Leslie , Wang Shuping , Marzec Jules , Xu Chengxin , Merrick Weston , Carter Patrick 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLeveraging a three‐state survey of 323 civil servants and 36 interviews, representing blue and red states, this university‐government‐nonprofit collaborative research project aims to better understand how civil servants access and use evidence in their decision‐making process. Our findings show that 54% of respondents find evidence‐based practices (EBPs) useful in making budget, policy, and contracting decisions, with 68% of civil servants anticipating future benefits from evidence use. Our hypothetical funding choice experiment indicates that civil servants prefer programs that are more recent and in their state, identify outcomes over outputs, demonstrate effectiveness for diverse demographic groups, and are evaluated by independent research entities. The main challenges in using EBPs include time constraints, resource limitations, decision‐making fragmentation, and lack of evidence for certain communities. Qualitative interviews provide valuable strategies for overcoming these challenges. We conclude this article by offering practical insights for improving the integration of EBPs in state government decision‐making processes.
Optimization of handmade cloning technique in sheep and preliminary investigation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells as donor nuclei
Authors: Li Weijian , Liu Yalan , Wang Zhen , Wang Li , Ma Xiuling , Wang Xuguang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHandmade cloning (HMC) has a higher yield and is relatively less difficult to operate compared to traditional micromanipulation cloning. Yet, there are few reports on handmade cloning in sheep. Therefore, this study investigates the key nodes such as AC and DC voltage, denucleation method and fusion method in sheep handmade cloning. In addition, it compares the effects of fibroblasts (FC) and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC‐MSCs) of different states as donors on the development of HMC embryos. Furthermore, the effect of different freezing solutions on the survival rate of frozen blastocysts without zona pellucida was also investigated. The results indicate that an AC voltage of 150 V/cm and a DC voltage of 1800 V/cm significantly enhanced the fusion and blastocyst rates (p < .01). The blastocyst rate achieved with umbilical cord MSCs as nucleus donors was significantly higher (40.3%) than that achieved with fibroblasts and differentiated umbilical cord MSCs (21.5%, 22.5%) (p < .01). The highest survival rate was achieved using 20% DMSO + 20% EG for freezing without zona pellucida. In conclusion, the most efficient and pregnant ovine HMC cloning method using 150 V/cm AC, 1800 V/cm DC, knife‐cut denucleation, two‐step fusion and the use of UC‐MSCs as nucleus donors resulted in the highest overall efficiency and pregnancy after transplantation.
Gleaning Rural Journalism: Rural Journalists' Agricultural and Environmental Reporting Utilizing Community Storytelling Networks☆
Authors: Walsh Jessica , Perreault Mildred F. , Perreault Greg , Moon Ruth 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEnvironmental concerns are growing in parts of the rural United States as drinking water wells become contaminated with agrichemicals, and climate change impacts such as drought and extreme rain events disrupt farming practices. Analyzing in‐depth interviews with 29 U.S. rural journalists, we explore the role rural journalists play when reporting on the environment as it relates to agricultural issues. Findings show that reporting about the environment—such as weather, climate change, water shortages, and droughts—appear in rural journalists' stories given those topics' relevance to their rural communities and the social systems forces exerting influence on journalists, yet rural journalists often do not perceive themselves as doing environmental reporting. Rural journalists also report lacking training and resources to do environmental reporting. This study points to the need for more support for rural journalists' environmental reporting as one way to build social change and maintain local community.
Family Farmers as Agents in the Struggle for Survival: A Case Study from Turkey☆
Authors: Sevgili Canpolat Ebru 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper discusses the survival strategies of small family farms in a western Anatolian village in the context of ongoing debates in the current literature concerning the future of small or peasant family farms under the conditions of the neoliberal era. The main argument of the paper is that even though the neoliberal agrarian policies in Turkey put into effect since the early 1980s have divested farmers of much of the protective policies in force in earlier periods—thereby putting them under much severe market pressures—other pressure mechanisms in this case under investigation have a more central impact on their survival. These pressures are the patterns of social and cultural change that occur due to modernization, alongside regulations concerning access to land which the farmers seem to be able to counter by organizing and mobilizing their internal, material, and social resources, within cultural norms. The arguments presented are based on the analysis of empirical data collected through field work carried out in a village of farmers specializing and engaged in the production of dried figs. The study emphasizes the multi‐causal, multi‐layered, contingent, and hybrid nature of the question of survival for these villagers and argues that it should be evaluated as a process, rather than an outcome, with the villagers themselves as agents in this process.
Caring breadwinners? A comparative analysis of parental leave policies to promote fathers' care work
Authors: Lütolf Meret 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe question which policy measures facilitate greater paternal participation in childcare and promote the universal caregiver model (as opposed to the universal breadwinner model) remains a prominent topic of debate. Determining the extent to which states implement such policies is equally crucial. This paper analyzes which policies differentiate these two family models and foster the paternal shift from breadwinning to caregiving. To this end, an analytical grid is developed to identify a parental leave policy that is genuinely egalitarian in design. Two newly created indices within this grid distinguish between the egalitarian policy potential and a traditional uptake of leave. The analysis grid is then empirically tested on twenty countries. This qualitative, case‐specific assessment approach identifies examples of egalitarianism‐enhancing policies. However, as the differences between the two indices suggest, the flexibility in leave take‐up between parents leaves the potential of these policies largely untapped.
Laparoscopic ultrasound‐guided microwave ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma in a dog
Authors: Solari Francesca P. , Case J. Brad , Vilaplana Grosso Federico R. , Bertran Judith , Fox‐Alvarez Stacey , Cabrera Roniel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to describe laparoscopic ultrasound (LUS) to guide microwave ablation (MWA) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a dog.AnimalsA 13‐year‐old female spayed Husky.Study designCase report.MethodsThe dog was referred for laparoscopic MWA of a caudate lobe HCC measuring 2.7 cm × 1.9 cm× 2.3 cm. Laparoscopic ultrasound was used to guide percutaneous placement of a MWA probe within the caudate lobe mass. LUS was used to determine the tumor margins for placement of the probe within the medial and lateral aspects as well as the center of the mass. Additionally, LUS allowed visualization of vessels within the tumor so they could be avoided during probe placement.ResultsSafe ablation was accomplished, and the dog recovered uneventfully with no complications. Follow‐up computed tomography (CT) 3‐ and 12‐months postoperatively revealed complete ablation of the caudate lobe mass. However, progressive increase in size of the right medial lobe mass occurred. Right medial liver lobectomy was performed 13 months after MWA, with a histopathologic diagnosis of HCC. The dog was euthanized 777 days post MWA and 1445 days post initial left lateral lobectomy for HCC.ConclusionLaparoscopic ultrasound was useful in guiding complete and safe MWA of an HCC in this dog. Laparoscopic ultrasound should be considered when performing laparoscopic MWA of liver lesions in dogs.
Hybrid, transarticular external fixation with platelet‐rich plasma injection as a treatment for partial calcaneal tendon disruption in dogs without primary tenorrhaphy
Authors: Boharski Ryan A. , Wheeler Jason L. , Cross Alan R. , Jackson Joshua , Peterson Steven 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo report the use of a hybrid, transarticular external skeletal fixator and platelet‐rich plasma injection without primary tenorrhaphy for management of partial calcanean tendon disruption in dogs.Study designMulti‐institutional retrospective study.AnimalsA total of 11 client‐owned dogs.MethodsMedical records from two referral centers from 2019 to 2022 were reviewed for inclusion in the study. Dogs diagnosed with partial, non‐traumatic calcanean tendon disruption treated with hybrid, transarticular external skeletal fixation and platelet‐rich plasma injection were included in the study. Cases that did not include complete postoperative follow‐up over 8–12 weeks and owner‐reported outcomes at >6 months were excluded from the study. Dogs with traumatic laceration or those in which a primary tenorrhaphy was performed were also excluded.ResultsA total of 11 (n = 11) dogs met the inclusion criteria. Median follow‐up time was 18.5 months (6 months–34 months). Mean time of fixation was 9 weeks (6 weeks–12 weeks). Five dogs returned to full, pain‐free function (5/11 = 45%). Five dogs had an acceptable return to function (5/11 = 45%). One dog had an unacceptable outcome (1/11 = 9%). Pin tract complications occurred in five dogs (5/11 = 45%) and resolved with medical intervention.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that temporary tibiotarsal immobilization with a hybrid, transarticular external skeletal fixator and platelet‐rich plasma injection without primary tenorrhaphy can lead to a successful outcome in dogs with partial calcanean tendon disruption.Clinical significanceTemporary hybrid, transarticular external skeletal fixation and platelet‐rich plasma injection without primary tenorrhaphy may play a role in the management of partial calcanean tendon disruption in dogs.
A note on limiting Calderon–Zygmund theory for transformed n$n$‐Laplace systems in divergence form
Authors: Martino Dorian , Schikorra Armin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe consider rotated ‐Laplace systems on the unit ball of the form
where , , and for some . We prove that with estimates. As a corollary, we obtain that solutions to , where is the Hardy space, have a higher integrability, namely, .
ОЦЕНКА СТАБИЛЬНОСТИ РЕКОМБИНАНТНОГО ВИРУСА ГРИППА, ЭКСПРЕССИРУЮЩИЙ БЕЛОК RBD ВИРУСА SARS-COV-2
Authors: Абаева М.Р. , Мухами Н.Н. , Исабек А.У. , Бопи А.Қ. , Шыныбекова Г.О. , Кожабергенов Н.С. , Червякова О.В. , Султанкулова К.Т. 
Published: September 2024

Пандемия, связанная с новым бетакоронавирусом (β-CoV), коронавирусом тяжелого острого респираторного синдрома (SARS-CoV-2), который вызвал вспышку коронавирусной болезни 2019 года (COVID-19), стала серьезной проблемой общественного здравоохранения во всем мире. Основным механизмом адаптации зоонозных бетакоронавирусов к человеку является изменение структуры рецептор-связывающего домена поверхностного белка S, в результате чего он приобретает способность связывать клеточные рецепторы эпителиальных клеток респираторного и пищеварительного трактов человека.
Целью данной работы является оценка стабильности рекомбинантного вируса гриппа, экспрессирующий белок RBD вируса SARS-COV-2 методом ОТ-ПЦР и секвенирования модифицированного химерного NS-RBD гена.
Генетически устойчивый размер рекомбинантного гена NS1 вируса гриппа был определен методом ОТ-ПЦР. Вирусы гриппа, содержащие конструкции NS-RBD были отобраны в качестве самых устойчивых конструкций и были пассированы в культуре клеток Vero. Вирусы показали инфекционную активность, 5,5logТЦД50/мл, 1:64 в анализе гемагглютинирующей активности и были генетически устойчивы согласно размеру фрагмента NS. Анализ нуклеотидной последовательности подтвердила их идентичность к начальным конструкциям. После пяти пассажей в культуре клеток Vero, выделены вирусные РНК и с помощью специфических праймеров на NS ген выполнена постановка ОТ-ПЦР с целью выявления химерной вирусной конструкций NS-RBD в составе вируса FLU-ΔNS-RBD-SARS-COV-2. В качестве контроля был представлен NS ген вируса гриппа без модификации (890 п.о.) и RBD ген вируса SARS-CoV-2 (620 п.о.). Для подтверждения стабильности модифицированной последовательности гена NS (RBD) было проведено 5 пассажей рекомбинантного штамма FLU-ΔNS-RBD-SARS-COV-2 вируса гриппа на культуре клеток Vero. Модифицированный ген NS-RBD размером 1510 п.о. наработан рекомбинантным вирусом гриппа FLU-ΔNS-RBD-SARS-COV-2. Целевой ген RBD размером 620 п.о. в составе вируса гриппа FLU-ΔNS-RBD-SARS-COV-2 в различных пассажных уровнях подтвержден методом ПЦР. Секвенирование последовательности гена NS (RBD) подтвердили наличие модификации в гене NS и присутствие RBD.
Проведенные исследования показали, что рекомбинантный штамм FLU-ΔNS-RBD-SARS-COV-2 вируса гриппа в процессе пассирования (5 пассажей) на культуре Vero проявляет стабильные свойства.
MYCOFLORAL ANALYSIS OF AGARICS AND MEDICINAL MUSHROOMS DISTRIBUTED IN THE BOROVOE AND KOKSHETAU NATIONAL PARKS
Authors: Ashikbayeva M. , Abiev S. , Altayeva N. 
Published: September 2024

The article provides a literature review of mycofloral analysis of agarics and medicinal mushrooms distributed in the Borovoe and Kokshetau national parks. As a result of the literature review, 15 species of fungi belonging to 4 genera and 9 genera of the genus Agaricales were identified. Of these, edible -5, inedible – 3, poisonous – 1 species.
Collection of Macromycetes during the expedition was collected by route method from Borovoe and Kokshetau national parks. The collection, sorting, drying, packaging and transportation of the collected material was carried out in accordance with the methods of mycology and Botany. 30-40 min at 45-50° t for the purpose of disinfection of the collected samples. in between, a heating cabinet (water heater) was used. Each processed sample is stored in a specially designed box with the date, place, time of collection and herbarium number. The external morphological description of the fruiting body of the fungus was made by visual observation, and for determining the microscopic structure, features of spores, we used the Mikmed-1 microscope and cameras connected to it Exilim-S880, SAMSUNG-ES65, Canon-PC1474.
To separate the tissue particle from the fruit body of the fungi, a fertile, non-darkening, young specimen was obtained. A cube-shaped or triangular pyramidal "tissue" particle was cut out of the pre-cleaned fruit bodies through a scalpel and planted in a nutrient medium (oblique agar) through an inoculation needle. Isolation was carried out from different parts of the fruit body: caps, legs, places of transition of the cap to the stem.
The growth and development of the selected clean crop will depend on the composition of the nutrient medium. The cortical medium we used was diverse, including "Chapeka–Doxa", "Murashige Skuga" and potato-glucose agar.
As a result of the study, more than 25 mushroom samples were collected. As a result, 15 species from 9 relatives from 4 genera belonging to the family of cap mushrooms Agaricales were identified. 4 genera have been identified in the agaricales series: Agaricaceae, Russulaceae, Tricholomataceae, Strophariaceae.
As a result of summing up the results of the conducted research, we came to the following conclusions:

During the study, the characteristics of morphological forms of fungi were developed.
Based on the obtained morphometric characteristics, the species of fungi were determined using special determinants. As a result of studying all the collected mushrooms in the Kokshetau and Borovoe National parks, 15 species of fungi from 9 genera belonging to the genus Agaricales were identified. Of these, 1 is poisonous, 5 is edible, and 3 are inedible.
A species synopsis of Agaricales fungi in the Kokshetau and Borovoe National parks has been compiled.
All the results and data obtained are of great importance for the effective use of natural resources and their protection.
GENETIC VARIABILITY AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS LINEAGE 2
Authors: Atavliyeva S. , Auganova D. , Tarlykov P. 
Published: September 2024

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is a substantial threat to public health, infecting approximately 10 million individuals annually with tuberculosis. Among the genetic lineages of MTB, lineage 2 (L2), notably the Beijing family, plays a significant role in global tuberculosis epidemiology, accounting for nearly a quarter of all reported TB cases. Originating possibly in East Asia, this lineage spread globally, causing significant epidemics in Central Asia, Eastern Europe, and Eastern Africa.
Geographic variability in the distribution of MTB L2 strains reveals diverse prevalence patterns among sublineages across different regions. L2.1 (proto-Beijing) is primarily composed of isolates originating from China, Thailand, and Vietnam, with a smaller number from Japan, Malaysia, and Indonesia. The ancestral sublineage, named L2.2.A, is mostly spread in China, Japan, and Thailand, while the modern sublineage, L2.2.M, is widespread, spanning almost the entire world. Moreover, the L2.2.M1 clade demonstrates a wide geographic spread, encompassing various countries across Asia and Australia, while other subclades of the L2.2.M2, L2.2.M3, and L2.2.M4 clades show more localized distributions across different regions. The L2.2.M4 clade comprises nine subclades, L2.2.M4.1 and L2.2.M4.2 are primarily found in Thailand, while L2.2.M4.3, L2.2.M4.6, and L2.2.M4.8 predominate in China. In South Africa, L2.2.M4.4 is the predominant subclade, whereas L2.2.M4.7 is associated with Nepalese isolates. In contrast, in regions such as Central Asia, Eastern Europe, and Russia, L2 strains, particularly the Modern Beijing sublineage, dominate. Notable examples include Europe/Russia W148 outbreak L2.2.M4.5 (B0W/148), Central Asia L2.2.M4.9 (CA), Central Asia outbreak L2.2.M4.9.1 (CAO), and Clade A L2.2.M4.9.2. Additionally, recent small clades like L2.2.M5 and L2.2.M6, originating from Vietnam, Thailand, and China, have emerged, with L2.2.M6 also detected in Kenya and South Africa. In Kazakhstan, we have identified such sublineages of L2 as CAO (n=69; 67.64%) L2.2.M4.9.1, CA (n=27; 26.47%) L2.2.M4.9, B0W/148 (n=5, 4.90%) L2.2.M4.5 and one isolate representative of a rare L2.2.M4 lineage (n =1; 0.98%). Strains of this lineage demonstrate the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) and extensive drug resistance (XDR), reflecting the emergence of resistance mechanisms against all available anti-tuberculosis drugs. In summary, M. tuberculosis lineage 2, especially the Beijing family, significantly impacts global tuberculosis epidemiology, with diverse prevalence patterns among sublineages across regions.
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ МОЛОЧНОКИСЛЫХ БАКТЕРИЙ, ВЫДЕЛЕННЫХ ИЗ МОЛОЧНОКИСЛЫХ ПРОДУКТОВ, К РАЗЛИЧНЫМ УСЛОВИЯМ СТРЕССА И ОЦЕНКА ИХ АНТИМИКРОБНОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ
Authors: Абилхадиров А.С. , Халымбетова А.Е. , Тыныбаева И.К. , Абитаева Г.К. , Шайхин С.М. , Сармурзина З.С. , Бекшин Ж.М. 
Published: September 2024

Исследование устойчивости молочнокислых бактерий к различным условиям стресса имеет большое значение для понимания клеточных механизмов регуляции метаболизма в экстремальных кислотных, солевых и окислительных условиях обработки пищевых продуктов и их хранения.
Целью исследования является поиск молочнокислых бактерий с высоким пробиотическим потенциалом в казахских традиционных продуктах путем скрининга стрессоустойчивых изолятов с высокой антимикробной активностью. Устойчивость к стрессовым факторам, возникающим во время обработки и хранения пищевых продуктов (pH, соли, нагреванию, перекиси водорода и этанолу) была оценена с помощью общепринятых стандартных методов. Молекулярная идентификация изолятов проводилась с помощью секвенирования генов 16S рРНК с использованием алгоритма BLAST.
В результате проведенной работы было выделено и идентифицировано 37 изолятов. Самые устойчивые 3 изолята Latilactobacillus curvatus 19, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis 37, Enterococcus faecalis 020 были толерантны к 4 стресс факторам: pH 3.5, NaCl 8%, температуре 45⁰С и Н2О2 120 мМ (24 ммоль). 10 изолятов, идентифицированные как Leuconostoc sp. (60% из 10 изолятов), Lactococcus lactis sp. (10% из 10), Enterococcus faecium (10% из 10), Enterococcus faecalis (20% из 10) сохраняли жизнеспособность к 3 стрессовым факторам. 12 изолятов были учтойчивы к 2 стрессам и 10 изолятов были толерантными к одному стресс фактору, где преобадающим родом был Leuconostoc sp.
Анализ антимикробной активности в отношении патогенных микроорганизмов, включая E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa S. enteriditis показал максимальную активность для штаммов L. mesenteroides 18, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Lactis 20, Enterococcus faecalis 020, Enterococcus durans 013, Enterococcus faecium 046, L. mesenteroides 022, L. mesenteroides 11.
Таким образом, выделенные и изученные штаммы молочнокислых бактерий проявляют антимикробную активность широкого спектра действия в сочетании с высокой стрессоустойчивостью, что делает их подходящими кандидатами для применения в качестве пробиотиков.
Данная работа выполнена в рамках финансирования Комитета науки Министерства науки и высшего образования Республики Казахстан (BR 18574066).
Impact of Blowing and Density Ratio on the Film Cooling and Heat Transfer in an Aggressive Turbine Center Frame
Authors: Jagerhofer Patrick R. , Glasenapp Tobias , Patzer Bastian , Göttlich Emil 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
It was shown in the previous study that the aft purge flows from the last stage of the high-pressure turbine (HPT) have a significant film cooling potential in the downstream turbine center frame (TCF) (Jagerhofer et al., 2023, “Heat Transfer and Film Cooling in an Aggressive Turbine Center Frame,” ASME J. Turbomach., 145(12), p. 121012). The TCF is a stationary duct that guides the flow from the HPT outlet to the low-pressure turbine (LPT) inlet and is the third most thermally loaded engine component. This article investigates the impact of different purge-to-mainstream blowing and density ratios on the film cooling effectiveness and the heat transfer coefficient in the TCF. The experiments were conducted in a product-representative 1.5-stage HPT-TCF-LPT vane configuration under Mach-similarity in the Transonic Test Turbine Facility (TTTF) at TU Graz. The blowing ratio has been demonstrated to be the dominant parameter for purge film cooling in TCFs since HPT purge flows typically have very low momentum. Even at twice the nominal blowing ratio, no cooling film detachment was observed on the TCF hub or shroud surface. Varying the density ratio in the experimentally possible range delivered no significant differences in the results. With increasing purge blowing ratios, the film cooling effectiveness in the TCF increases as expected, but the heat transfer also intensifies due to the purge injection. The circumferentially averaged film cooling on the hub scales relatively well with an offset version of the well-known Hartnett correlation (Hartnett et al., 1961, “Velocity Distributions, Temperature Distributions, Effectiveness and Heat Transfer for Air Injected Through a Tangential Slot Into a Turbulent Boundary Layer,” ASME J. Heat Transfer, 83(3), pp. 293–305) that takes into account the ingress-induced premixing of the purge flow in the cavities.