bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vowel Harmony in Armenian
Authors: Vaux Bert , Addy Suhairi Ariwan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter outlines the harmony system of the Goris dialect of Armenian. This variety displays a number of interesting features, including variable transparency vs. opacity of neutral vowels, locally optional bidirectional harmony targeting weak (reduced or epenthetic) vowels, with [round] harmony parasitic on [back] harmony, and complex ordering interactions between vowel harmony and other phonological processes such as vowel reduction and epenthesis. The chapter proposes that the dialect exhibits three distinct harmony processes. Suffix/enclitic harmony propagates contrastive [back] values rightward, affecting suffixes, connectives, and enclitics. Weak vowels optionally undergo weak back harmony and parasitic round harmony. These processes are locally optional, and bidirectionally propagate [back] and [round] within the lexical word (prefix–root–suffix, excluding clitics); [round] spreading is parasitic on [back] harmony.
Vowel Harmony in Caucasian Languages
Authors: Butskhrikidze Marika 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter aims at giving a survey on vowel harmony (VH) in the Caucasian languages. We found that VH is attested only in the East Caucasian languages and that there is no in-depth study of this phenomenon. Based on the fragmentary data discussed in individual language grammars/journal articles, one can conclude that VH exists to some extent in almost all languages of the Lezgic group. Four Lezgic languages receive special attention: Lezgian, Tabasaran, Aghul, and Khinalug. Both progressive and regressive labial, palatal, and height harmony are attested in both nouns and verbs. The data of these four languages indicate that VH is predominantly stem-controlled. It is sensitive to stress placement and can be blocked by secondary consonantal articulations. Further investigation is needed to determine if VH results from contact with the Azeri language or language-internal developments.
Kant on Property
Authors: Varden Helga 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides an entrance into central discussions regarding Kant’s account of property. The first section shows how Kant engages and transforms important, related proposals from Hobbes and Locke as well as how the ‘libertarian’ and ‘liberal republican’ interpretive traditions differ in their readings on these points. Since Kantian theories for a long time didn’t focus on Kant’s Doctrine of Right but instead followed Rawls’s lead by developing Kantian theories grounded on Kant’s (meta-) ethical writings, the second section focuses on property discussions found in the Rawlsian tradition. The final section shows how important contemporary work in the Kantian tradition goes beyond Rawlsian, libertarian, and liberal republican concerns of distributive justice among free and equal citizens, to include questions central to, for example, the philosophy of care, feminist philosophy, philosophy of race, philosophy of sex and love, and environmental philosophy.
Kant on the Highest Good
Authors: Englert Alexander T. , Chignell Andrew 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Kant’s accounts of the Highest Good and the moral argument for God and immortality are central features of his philosophy. But both involve lingering puzzles. This chapter first explores what the Highest Good is for Kant and the role it plays in a complete account of ethical life. It then focuses on whether the Highest Good involves individuals only, or whether it also connects with Kant’s doctrines about the moral progress of the species. In conclusion, it looks into three ways of articulating the moral argument for God and immorality that take our commitment to the Highest Good as their point of departure.
Kant on Religion
Authors: Winegar Reed 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines Kant’s philosophical views regarding religion, including both rational theology and revealed religion. It illustrates Kant’s views regarding the content of religious belief, including both the concept of God and the contents of biblical scripture, by focusing on the importance of symbolism in Kant’s overall treatment of religion. Some commentators have interpreted Kant’s appeals to symbolism as furthering a deflationary or ‘as if’ approach to the contents of religious belief. However, this chapter illustrates that Kant’s appeals to religious symbolism serve both inflationary and deflationary aspects of his religious thought. Finally, the chapter suggests how we might still benefit from a proper appreciation of Kant’s general insight into the importance of symbols for our cognitive and practical lives.
Kant on the Pure Forms of Sensibility
Authors: Gomes Anil , Stephenson Andrew 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
For Kant, the human cognitive faculty has two subfaculties: sensibility and the understanding. Kant’s explanation of the possibility of synthetic a priori cognition turns on the claim that each of these faculties has its own pure forms. Sensibility has space and time; the understanding has the categories. In the Transcendental Aesthetic, Kant argues that space and time are the pure forms of sensibility for human cognizers. But he explicitly leaves open the possibility of there being creatures like us, with both sensibility and understanding, who nevertheless have different pure forms of sensibility. What is the status of the claim that we cannot know whether space and time are the pure forms of sensibility for all discursive cognizers? How does Kant argue for it, and how does it relate to his doctrine of transcendental idealism? This is our topic in this chapter. We suggest that it is not the content of Kant’s argument in the Transcendental Aesthetic which explains his restriction but the method by which he conducts his investigation. And we conclude with some reflections on how this proposal fits with the methodology of the Critical Philosophy more generally.
Kant on the Regulative Role of Reason
Authors: Breitenbach Angela 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter defends a teleological reading of the regulative role of reason as a broadly end-setting capacity. On this reading, reason in its regulative role sets the systematic unity of cognition as the end of our cognitive activities, and seeks to bring about this unity. The chapter argues for this reading by showing that it accounts for two distinct characterizations we find in Kant of the systematic unity of cognition: one hierarchical, the other holistic. On the hierarchical conception, the systematic unity of cognition is the complete hierarchy of cognitions, with the most general cognitions at the top of the hierarchy and the most particular ones at the bottom. To set the systematic unity of cognition as a goal, on this first conception, is to seek to complete the hierarchy of cognitions. On the holistic conception, the systematic unity of cognition is a unity that is determined by an idea of the whole. To set the systematic unity of cognition as a goal, on this second conception, consists in seeking to make determinate the idea of the whole. While the hierarchical conception has been foregrounded in the literature, the chapter argues that the holistic conception is key to a proper understanding of the regulative role of reason. Kant accounts for this role by integrating the hierarchical in the holistic conception. This teleological reading shows how he can do so, and it implies that the regulative role of reason is a practical capacity, broadly construed.
Kant on Evil
Authors: Merritt Melissa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The chapter examines Kant’s thesis about the ‘radical evil in human nature’ developed in his Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason. According to this thesis, the human moral condition is corrupt by default and yet by our own deed; and this corruption is the origin (root, radix) of human badness in all its variety, banality, and ubiquity. While Kant clearly takes radical evil to be endemic in human nature, controversy reigns about how to understand this. Some assume this can only be a synthetic a priori claim about the necessity of radical evil (and thus one requiring a transcendental deduction). However, Kant indicates that while radical evil is inevitable it is not, for that, strictly necessary. The best way to understand this is through a teleological approach that explains how we inevitably bring this corruption upon ourselves in the course of our development. The chapter thereby joins other teleological accounts, but distinctively argues that Kant draws on Stoic natural teleology (specifically the doctrine of oikeiōsis), which he knows through Seneca and Cicero. This background allows us to make sense of the structure of Kant’s argument in ways that shed fresh light on the philosophical content of the thesis about radical evil. It also allows us to see that another hotly debated issue—namely, whether radical evil should be understood in ‘psychological’ or ‘social’ terms—is spurious: we see that these are flip sides of one coin, and are better placed to register the broader ethical significance of this result.
Kant on Feeling and the Power of Judgment
Authors: Cohen Alix 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
My aim in this chapter is to interpret the Critique of the Power of Judgment through the prism of the two capacities of the mind that it critiques, namely the power of judgment, a higher cognitive faculty, and the feeling of pleasure and displeasure, one of the three fundamental faculties of the mind. As this chapter shows, doing so points to a picture of the unity of the third Critique according to which its aim is to demonstrate that, and how, we can think and feel that nature is amenable to, and supportive of, our interests and our needs as rational and yet natural beings. Thereby, this chapter makes sense of the fact that Kant proceeds to a critique of the power of judgment and feeling in a book that is dedicated to two seemingly rather disparate topics, namely aesthetics and teleology. Insofar as Kant takes the experience of beauty and the existence of organisms to enable our awareness of nature’s purposiveness for our moral ends as well as our cognitive ones (its subjective purposiveness for the power of judgment in the case of the latter, and its objective purposiveness for practical reason in the case of the former), his accounts of aesthetics and teleology contribute to the overall aim of the third Critique by showing that nature can be thought of and felt as not only amenable to but supportive of our cognitive as well as our moral interests. On this interpretation, the third Critique’s contribution to Kant’s critical system consists in closing off the possibility that nature might be not just impervious but resistant to our activity and the realization of our ends, whether moral, prudential, or cognitive, by showing that we can legitimately both think and feel at home in nature.
Kant on Modality
Authors: Marshall Colin , Barker Aaron 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter analyses several key themes in Kant’s views about modality. It begins with the pre-Critical Only Possible Argument in Support of a Demonstration of the Existence of God, in which Kant distinguishes between formal and material elements of possibility, claims that all possibility requires an actual ground, and argues for the existence of a single necessary being. It then briefly considers how Kant’s views change in his mature period, especially concerning the role of form and thought in defining modality. Kant’s mature views, however, present two difficult interpretive puzzles. The first puzzle concerns whether Kant has a generally reductive view of modality. While Kant’s views on logical modality, the role of actuality in grounding possibility, and the relation of modality to cognition all suggest reduction, the chapter argues that the categorial status of modal concepts and the difficulty in even identifying amodal grounds for modal facts all suggest a non-reductive view. The second puzzle concerns whether Kant accepts modal facts or properties at the noumenal level. While Kant’s appeal to noumenal necessary connections, the contingency of noumenal willing, and the idea of a necessary noumenal being suggest that he endorses noumenal modality, his claims that modal concepts express only relations to the faculty of cognition and his claim that modal concepts arise from our distinctive psychological structures, the chapter argues, suggest that he rejects noumenal modality. It concludes by considering potential solutions to these puzzles.
EMBRYONIC FLOWER 1 regulates male reproduction by repressing the jasmonate pathway downstream transcription factor MYB26
Authors: Chen Zhijuan , Lu Jing , Li Xiaoyi , Jiang Danhua , Li Zicong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs) mediate genome-wide transcriptional silencing and regulate a plethora of development, as well as environmental responses in multicellular organisms. The PRC2-catalyzed trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3) is recognized by reader-effector modules of Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) to implement gene repression. Here, we report that the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) H3K27me3 effector EMBRYONIC FLOWER 1 (EMF1) interacts with and constrains the R2R3 DNA binding transcription factor MYB26 by a eudicot-conserved motif in the stamen. MYB26 activates the transcription of two NAC domain genes, NAC SECONDARY WALL THICKENING PROMOTING FACTOR1 (NST1) and NST2, whose encoded proteins mediate anther secondary cell thickening in jasmonate (JA)-regulated stamen maturation. In this process, the transcriptional activity of MYB26 is negatively modulated by the JAZ–PRC repressive complex to precisely regulate the expression of NST1 and NST2. Disruption of EMF1 repression stimulates MYB26, leading to the excessive transcription of the two NAC genes and male sterility. Our results reveal a novel mechanism in Polycomb-mediated gene silencing and illustrate that the plant Polycomb complex regulates stamen development by preventing the hypersensitivity of JA responses in male reproduction.
Quantifying energy transition vulnerability helps more just and inclusive decarbonization
Authors: Shen Yifan , Shi Xunpeng , Zhao Zhibo , Grafton R Quentin , Yu Jian , Shan Yuli 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The COP28 agreement signals “beginning of the end” of the fossil fuel era, calling on countries to contribute to global efforts to transition away from fossil fuels in energy systems in a just, orderly and equitable manner. While a quantitative assessment of country's vulnerability in energy transition is a prerequisite for national and international policy makers to ensure a just and inclusive transition, it is notably absent in the existing research. Here, we develop a conceptual framework based on the vulnerability scoping diagram (VSD) method to assess differences in energy transition vulnerability across countries, with a specific focus on the challenges associated with transitioning away from fossil fuels. The resulting energy transition vulnerability index (ETVI) scores reveal that countries in the Global South generally exhibit higher vulnerability in their energy transition compared to those in the Global North, and this gap has widened over the past decade. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the decade-long trend of continuous decline in global energy transition vulnerability. This study also provides two important applications of ETVI scores, aligning them with major global sustainable development agenda. Firstly, we identify substantial differences in the dynamics of transition vulnerability across seven major party groups in the international climate change negotiations and distinguish four energy transition statuses in relation to achieving global climate goals: Stressful, Leapfrog, Potential Challenges, and Less Painful. Secondly, we demonstrate crucial synergies between energy transition resilience and the 2030 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Enough but not too many: A bi-threshold model for behavioral diffusion
Authors: Alipour Fahimeh , Dokshin Fedor , Maleki Zeinab , Song Yunya , Ramazi Pouria 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Behavioral diffusion is commonly modeled with the linear threshold model, which assumes that individuals adopt a behavior when enough of their social contacts do so. We observe, however, that in many common empirical settings individuals also appear to abandon a behavior when too many of their close contacts exhibit it. The bi-threshold model captures this tendency by adding an upper threshold, which, when exceeded, triggers behavioral disadoption. Here we report an empirical test of the bi-threshold model. We overcome the significant challenge of estimating individuals’ heterogeneous thresholds by extending a recently introduced decision-tree based algorithm to the bi-threshold setting. Using the context of the spread of news about three different topics on social media (the Higgs boson, the Melbourne Cup horse race, and the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in China), we show that the bi-threshold model predicts user engagement with the news orders of magnitude more accurately than the linear threshold model. We show that the performance gains are due especially to the bi-threshold model’s comparative advantage in predicting behavioral decline, an important but previously overlooked stage of the behavioral diffusion cycle. Overall, the results confirm the existence of the second upper threshold in some contexts of diffusion of information and suggest that a similar mechanism may operate in other decision-making contexts.
Race, Interests, and Perceptions in International Migration: A Review Article
Authors: Sharpe Michael Orlando 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The field of international migration has largely ignored race. Does the Global North's apparent warm welcome of mostly white Ukrainian Orthodox Christians fleeing Russia's war and its hostility towards black and brown non-Christan Middle Easterners and Africans escaping war and deprivation tell us anything? Although latecomers to the study of international migration, since the 1990s, political scientists have innovated the field of the politics of international migration but few works locate race as a focal point of analysis in either migration politics or international relations. The study of race in international migration in international relations is still rather nascent and centers on the Western world with a focus on how racial differences influence perception of threat, common identities, and even standards of good governance. Andrew Rosenberg's book Undesirable Immigrants: Why Racism Persists in International Migration offers a corrective to much of this in his examination of race and international migration from the perspective of international relations. It builds on the work of many critical and traditional scholars with a novel quantitative approach that “seeks to unmask” the issue of racial bias against “non-white migrants” primarily from the Global South. (11)
Improving soil health in the UK: why a microbial approach is indispensable in attaining sustainable soils
Authors: Neale Daisy , Cullen Lucky , Ranout Aditya Singh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Current agricultural approaches in the UK—and across much of the world—are unsustainable, particularly due to their impacts on soil health. With evidence already showing diminishing returns in productivity, which are only predicted to get worse with the climate crisis, restoring the health of soils and soil-dwelling microbes is an essential prerequisite for a thriving planet. This report proposes taking a new approach to soil health based on the soil microbiome. The complex community of soil microbes and their interactions are known to underpin soil health and consequently food security, resilience to climate change, global health, biodiversity, and more. As such, an approach that holistically takes soil into account is needed, rather than the siloed approaches used to date. This report therefore highlights the opportunity to take a microbiome approach to soil and how such an approach could be implemented in the UK going forward, whilst also recommending microbial solutions that can be deployed to improve the UK’s soils now.
Clinico-epidemiological profiling of dengue patients in a non-endemic region of Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Md Mohiuddin , Miah Md Abdul Hannan , Alam Mohammad Khurshed , Islam Mohammad Ariful , Rahman Md Atikur , Noor Ramim Islam Ibne , Mondal Ershad , Mamun A H M Shalakin , Rasel Md , Talukder Md Rubaiyat Tasfin , Islam Salwa , Hasan Mohammad Jahid 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to characterise the clinical and epidemiological profiles of dengue patients and their outcomes during an ongoing outbreak in a non-endemic region of Bangladesh.

Methods
This prospective observational study analysed 805 confirmed dengue cases during August–December 2023. Data on demographic, clinical and laboratory profiles, as well as outcomes, were gathered using a structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 25.

Results
The mean age of dengue patients was 31.5 (±12.2) y, with the majority being males (81.2%). All 805 patients experienced fever, 792 (98.4%) had headaches, 698 (86.7%) had myalgia, 601 (74.7%) had persistent vomiting and 598 (74.3%) had abdominal pain. Bleeding was observed in 191 (23.7%) patients and neurological symptoms were seen in 209 (25.9%) patients. Most patients (n=781, 97%) exhibited non-severe symptoms, while 3% (n=24) had severe symptoms. Among the 24 severe cases, four (16.7%) patients were reported to have encephalitis and one (4.2%) patient had meningoencephalitis. Moreover, 365 patients (45.3%) had travelled to an endemic region who were predominantly males (n=327, 89.6%). Most dengue patients recovered well with rapid fluid replacement therapy (n=754, 93.7%).

Conclusions
The 2023 dengue outbreak in a non-endemic area of Bangladesh primarily impacted males, young adults, with the majority presenting non-severe symptoms. Further studies are essential to validate and build upon these results.
Attitudes and Experiences Among Swedish NICU Nurses Regarding Skin-to-Skin Care of Infants Born at 22-23 Weeks of Gestation
Authors: Starke Veronica , Thernström Blomqvist Ylva , Karlsson Victoria 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Skin-to-skin care (SSC) is an evidence-based care method for preterm-born infants. Staff may hesitate to initiate early SSC, the first or second week of life, for the most extremely preterm infants; 1 reason could be nurses’ attitudes.

Purpose:
The aim was to investigate the attitudes and experiences of neonatal nurses regarding early SSC for the most extremely preterm infants, born at gestational week (GW) 22-23, using an exploratory and descriptive approach.

Methods:
A web-based survey was sent to all nurses across the 6 Swedish units routinely caring for the most extremely preterm infants. Descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis were used to analyze the data.

Results:
The response rate was 258 out of 547 (47%). This study reveals a spectrum of attitudes and experiences among nurses, ranging from viewing early SSC as an integral aspect of infant care to deeming it very challenging or simply not feasible. The outcomes are presented in 2 categories, describing both facilitators and challenges associated with early SSC. Noteworthy, facilitators include well-implemented guidelines that support early SSC. Conversely, challenges encompass knowledge gaps and the scarcity of scientific evidence demonstrating the safety of all SSC, including early, for the most extremely preterm infants.

Implications for practice and research:
This study underscores the importance of spreading knowledge, and has clinical adapted guidelines about the practical aspects of SSC for infants born at 22-23 GW. Future research is required to clarify safety aspects pertaining to SSC for the most extremely preterm infants.