bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Roughness, age and drift trajectories of sea ice in large-scale
simulations and their use in model verifications
Authors: Harder Markus 
Published: November 2017

In polar regions, the exchange of heat, fresh water and salt water, and
momentum between ocean and atmosphere is strongly affected by the presence
of sea-ice cover. As a growing number of climate models include a
dynamic–thermodynamic sea-ice component to take these effects into account,
it might be asked whether sea ice is adequately represented in these
simulations, and how far these simulations fit with physical
observations.Sea ice in the classical models (Hibler,
1979; Parkinson and Washington,
1979) that have been available for two decades, is regarded as a
two-dimensional (2-D) continuum covering the ocean surface. The prognostic
variables describing the ice pack are horizontal ice velocity, areal
coverage (ice concentration), and ice thickness. In numerical models, these
variables and their evolution in space and time are solved on an Eulerian
grid.A number of observational data are available to verify the model results.
Sea-ice drift is observed from drifting buoys deployed on ice floes. Areal
sea-ice coverage can be observed with satellite-borne passive-microwave
sensors (SMMR, SSM/I). For ice thickness, which cannot be observed with
remote-sensing techniques, rather few, scattered observations from
upward-looking sonars on submarines and moorings are available.This article gives an overview of three additional variables representing
sea ice in large-scale climate models. These are (1) roughness, (2) age of
the ice, introduced as two prognostic variables, and (3) simulated
trajectories of ice motion, which are diagnosed from the Eulerian velocity
grid. The new variables enable a more detailed look at sea ice in models,
helping to understand better the coupled dynamic–thermodynamic processes
determining the polar ice cover. Further, the new variables offer important,
additional possibilities for comparing the simulated sea-ice properties with
available observations.
Preliminary analysis of snow microwave radiometry using the
SSM/I passive-microwave data: the case of La Grande River watershed
(Quebec)
Authors: Sève Danielle De , Bernier Monique , Fortin Jean-Pierre , Walker Anne 
Published: November 2017

The general objective of this paper is to estimate the snow water equivalent
(SWE) of the La Grande River watershed (northern Quebec), using
passive-microwave data from the SSM/I sensor. Particular emphasis is placed
on the analysis of SSM/I multitemporal variations.The analysis of a database containing observations for three winters shows
that the brightness temperatures of the snow decrease as the SWE increases
for shallow snow covers. However, when the SWE is >180–200 mm, the
relationship reverses. This is directly linked to the fraction of large snow
crystals in the snow cover, since these are responsible for most of the
volume scattering. The snow emissivity is lower for shallow snow covers,
since the higher temperature gradient is responsible for the quick formation
of large snow crystals. For SWE >80–200 mm, the temperature gradient
decreases and large crystal formation is minimal. Since volume scattering is
lower, snow emissivity tends to increase. The observations confirm what was
observed by Mätzler and others (1982)
and Mätzler (1994).Two regression lines were used to estimate the SWE for the beginning and the
end of winter. This approach appears to be better, since it takes into
account the structure of snow cover. The results were used to derive
representative maps of the SWE.
Determination of areal surface-feature coverage in the Beaufort
Sea using aircraft video data
Authors: Tschudi Mark A. , Curry Judith A. , Maslanik James A. 
Published: November 2017

The surface-energy budget of the Arctic Ocean depends on the distribution of
various sea-ice features that form by both mechanical and thermodynamic
processes. Melt ponds, new ice and open water greatly affect the
determination of surface albedo. However, even basic measurements of some
surface-feature characteristics, such as areal extent of melt ponds, remain
rare.A method has been developed to assess the areal coverage of melt ponds, new
ice and open water using video data from the Beaufort and Arctic Storms
Experiment (BASE). A downward-looking video camera mounted on the underside
of a Hercules C-130 aircraft provided clear images of the surface. Images
acquired over multi-year ice on 21 September 1994 were analyzed using a
spectral technique to determine the areal coverage of melt ponds, new ice
and open water. Statistics from this analysis were then compared to previous
field studies and to the Schramm and others
(in press) sea-ice model.
Effect of Anticitrullinated Protein Antibody Status on Response to Abatacept or Antitumor Necrosis Factor-α Therapy in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A US National Observational Study
Authors: Harrold Leslie R. , Litman Heather J. , Connolly Sean E. , Kelly Sheila , Hua Winnie , Alemao Evo , Rosenblatt Lisa , Rebello Sabrina , Kremer Joel M. 
Published: November 2017

Objective.Assess whether baseline anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) status is associated with treatment response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) initiating abatacept (ABA) or a tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor (TNFi).Methods.Using the Corrona RA registry, patients were identified who initiated ABA or a TNFi (June 2004–January 2015), had a followup visit 6 months (± 3 mos) after initiation, and anti-CCP measured at or prior to initiation. Primary outcome was mean change in Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) from initiation to 6 months. Treatment response was evaluated based on a typical patient profile (female, aged 57 yrs, body mass index of 30 kg/m2, baseline CDAI of 20, 1 prior biologic, and no comorbidities other than RA). Secondary outcomes included remission and low disease activity.Results.There were 566 ABA initiators [anti-CCP+ (≥ 20 units/ml): n = 362; anti-CCP− (< 20 units/ml): n = 204] and 1715 TNFi initiators (anti-CCP+: n = 1113; anti-CCP−: n = 602). Differences between treatment groups included baseline disease duration, CDAI, and prior biologic use. At 6 months, anti-CCP+ ABA initiators were associated with significantly greater CDAI response versus anti-CCP− ABA initiators; no significant difference was observed for TNFi initiators. When considering a typical RA patient profile, CDAI response was greater in anti-CCP+ versus anti-CCP− ABA initiators; anti-CCP+ versus anti-CCP− TNFi initiators were similar. Secondary outcome responses were also greater in anti-CCP+ versus anti-CCP− ABA initiators; TNFi initiators did not differ by anti-CCP status.Conclusion.In a US-based clinical practice setting, anti-CCP status was associated with a differential treatment response to ABA, but not TNFi.
Pictorial Health Warnings on Cigarette Packs: A Population Based Study Findings from India
Authors: Raute Lalit J. , Pednekar Mangesh S. , Gupta Prakash C. 
Published: November 2017

Introduction Although tobacco is the leading preventable cause of the death among adults in India, the general public including tobacco users has little awareness about possible consequences of tobacco use. One way of bringing more awareness is to place more information on tobacco products in the form of pictorial warnings. Strong pictorial warnings were mandated by the Indian government but were diluted later on. The question that needs to be investigated whether general public in India needs pictorial warnings on tobacco products and how the warnings would look like? Material and Method A survey of 712 individuals was conducted in Mumbai and Thane. A structured questionnaire was designed and data were collected by trained field investigators. The questionnaire contains several questions on awareness of health warnings on tobacco products, opinion on strength of the warnings and on delays in implementing warnings. Results Among 712 respondents, 89.9% were aware about health warning messages on cigarettes pack. 88.5% of people were strongly agreed for strengthening the pictorial health warnings. Strong pictorial health warnings would make 23.2% male tobacco users thinking to quit smoking and 33.1% never tobacco users will think twice before starting smoking. Conclusion Positive response was shown by general population for implementation of pictorial warnings on tobacco products. Majority of the people were strongly agreed for strong pictorial warnings which were diluted by government notifications in year 2008.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 9, No. 4
Authors: John Albert 
Published: November 2017

International Journal of Chemistry wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated. Many authors, regardless of whether International Journal of Chemistry publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers.Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 4 Abdul Rouf Dar, University of Florida, USAAhmad Galadima, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, NigeriaAhmet Ozan Gezerman, Yildiz Technical University, TurkeyAyodele Temidayo Odularu, University of Fort Hare, South AfricaBinod P Pandey, The Pennsylvania State University, USAChanchal Kumar Malik, Vanderbilt University, USADesheng Zheng, University of Houston, USAFatima Tuz Johra, Kookmin University, BangladeshHesham G. Ibrahim, Al-Mergheb University, LibyaJuan Rafael Garcia, (INCAPE) (FIQ, UNL-CONICET), ArgentinaKhaldun M. Al Azzam, Batterjee Medical College for Sciences and Technology, Saudi ArabiaMadduri Srinivasarao, Purdue University, USAMaolin Lu, Yale University, USAMohamed Abass, Ain Shams University, EgyptMustafa Oguzhan Kaya, Siirt University, TurkeyNejib Hussein Mekni, Al Manar University, TunisiaPraveen Kumar, Texas Tech University, USAR. K. Dey, Birla Institute of Technology (BIT), IndiaSitaram Acharya, Texas Christian University, USASitaram Bhavaraju, U.S.PHARMACOPEIA, USASujan Kumar Sarkar, Ruhr University Bochum, GermanyWaseem Hassan, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil Albert JohnOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of International Journal of ChemistryCanadian Center of Science and Education
Het groeiende toerisme in Amsterdam en de aanzuigende werking op criminaliteit
Authors: Harte Joke , van Houwelingen Ingrid 
Published: October 2017

The growth of tourism in Amsterdam and the priming operation on criminality
Amsterdam is a popular destination for tourists. The number of tourists visiting Amsterdam increases every year and is expected to hit 23 million by 2025. This article describes which implications increasing tourism has on security and crime in Amsterdam. It appears that increasing tourism has a negative effect on social cohesion and can be a serious threat to safety. Tourism also attracts crime. Tourists are far more likely to suffer from crimes than inhabitants of Amsterdam. In particular they become victims of crimes like pickpocketing, mugging and scams. Tourists are also often associated with drug- and alcohol-related incidents. Apart from being a victim, a tourist can also be a perpetrator of crime. Inhabitants of Amsterdam regularly complain about nuisance caused by tourists. Especially subletted apartments via Airbnb is a serious concern for residents of Amsterdam and local policymakers.
Novel Modification of HistoGel-Based Cell Block Preparation Method: Improved Sufficiency for Molecular Studies
Authors: Rekhtman Natasha , Buonocore Darren J. , Rudomina Dorota , Friedlander Maria , Dsouza Crisbane , Aggarwal Gitika , Arcila Maria , Edelweiss Marcia , Lin Oscar 
Published: November 2017

Context.—Cell block preparation methods vary substantially across institutions and are frequently suboptimal. The growing importance of biomarker testing in the era of targeted therapies makes optimization of cell block preparation critically important.Objective.—To develop an improved cell block preparation method.Design.—Ex vivo fine-needle aspirates and scrapes from surgically resected tumors were used to develop an improved HistoGel (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts)-based cell block preparation method. Cellularity yield with the new versus the standard method was assessed in ex vivo split samples and in consecutive clinical fine-needle aspirates processed before (n = 100) and after (n = 100) the new method was implemented in our laboratory. Sufficiency of cell block material for potential molecular studies was estimated by manual cell quantitation.Results.—The key modification in the new method was pretreatment of the pelleted cells with 95% ethanol before the addition of HistoGel (HistoGel + ethanol method). In addition, we optimized the melting conditions of HistoGel and added a dark, inorganic marker to the cell pellets to highlight the desired level of sectioning during microtomy. Cell blocks from ex vivo split samples showed that the HistoGel + ethanol method yielded, on average, an 8.3-fold (range, 1–20) greater cellularity compared with the standard HistoGel-only method. After the switch from the standard HistoGel method to the modified method in our clinical practice, sufficiency of positive fine-needle aspirates for some molecular studies increased from 72% to 97% (P = .002).Conclusions.—We describe a simple and readily adoptable modification of the HistoGel method, which results in substantial improvement in cell capture in cell blocks, leading to a significant increase in sufficiency for potential molecular and other ancillary studies.
La moda y sus formas: nueva propuesta didáctica en la EASD de València
Authors: Torralba Nieves , Martínez Escutia Jose 
Published: November 2017

Resumen: La propuesta didáctica detallada en este artículo deriva del cambio del plan curricular de los Estudios Superiores de Diseño de Moda, que comportó una nueva metodología, en concreto, para la asignatura Diseño Básico. Tal renovación se muestra como resultado de la línea de investigación Moda contemporánea. Los modelos y el Contexto, del ISEACV. En esta línea, bajo el título “Las formas de la moda”, se desarrolló la investigación que congregó un corpus teórico-práctico para la asignatura mencionada, propia de la especialidad de Diseño de Moda, impartida en la EASD de València. Al desarrollo de la metodología, de marcado carácter interdisciplinar y sustentada por bases teóricas aquí referidas, se añade la visibilidad que propició la exposición Las formas de la moda / The Forms of Fashion, la cual aglutinó las propuestas de estudiantes que cursaron la asignatura Diseño Básico. Palabras clave: diseño moda, diseño básico, análisis formal, silueta, tendencias, composición. Abstract: The didactic proposal described in this article comes from the change in the Fashion Design Studies curriculum, which introduced a new methodology, more specifically for the Basic Design course. The change is the result of ISEACV’s investigation into Contemporary Fashion. Models and Context. Following this line of research, “Las formas de la moda” involved a process of experimentation that led to a theoretical-practical corpus of work within the Fashion Design course given at EASD València. In developing the methodology, with a strong interdisciplinary character underpinned on the aforementioned theoretical guidelines, the exhibition Las formas de la moda / The Forms of Fashion added heightened visibility, by bringing together the proposals created by the students taking the Basic Design course. Keywords: fashion design, basic design, formal analysis, silhouette, trends, composition.http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/eari.8.10017
Diálogos y otras ausencias a través de la obra de Pepe Espaliú
Authors: Braza Alba , Noguerol Luis 
Published: November 2017

Resumen: El presente artículo cuenta la experiencia del taller didáctico Diálogos y otras ausencias a través de la obra de Pepe Espaliú realizado en el IVAM con motivo de la exposición dedicada al artista Pepe Espaliú.Dicho taller estuvo diseñado y dirigido a estudiantes de grado de magisterio y de grado y posgrado en bellas artes conformándose como una propuesta didáctica basada en dinámicas de grupo con las cuales se favoreció la creación de vínculos con la obra del artista propuesto, con sus referentes artísticos y con otras producciones de interés para abordar cuestiones como son el cuerpo, el deseo, la enfermedad, la disidencia, la homosexualidad, el estigma, la ausencia y la soledad.A partir de una primera toma de contacto a través de un cuestionario en línea de carácter anónimo, durante la sesión en el museo se dio lugar a un intenso intercambio de experiencias, empatías y reflexiones que quedaron escritas a modo de relato y que se compartieron a través del debate reafirmando la posición de un público emancipado, autónomo y generador de contenidos mediante la proyección de su bagaje personal y cultural. Palabras clave: mediación artística, educación y museos, compromiso social, trabajo colaborativo, diversidad sexual, sida. Abstract: The present article is focused on the didactic workshop Dialogs and other absences throughout the Pepe Espaliú work performed in the IVAM museum motivated in the exposition dedicated to the artist Pep Espaliú. The aforementioned workshop was designed and addressed to Teaching Degree students, Arts Degree with the aim to be a didactic proposal based on group dynamics by which the linking between the artist; his artistic references and other interesting productions were favoured in order to discuss questions such as the body, the desire, the disease, the dissent, the homosexuality, the stigma, the absence and the solitude.After the first touch base with an anonymous questionnaire, during the session an exciting debate in which empathies and reflexions were written as a short story that was shared within the debate reinforcing the position of an emancipated public, autonomous and builder of contents by means of their own personal and cultural knowledge. Keywords: artistic education; education and museums; social commitment; collaborative work; sexual diversity, aids.http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/eari.8.10048
TCF21 hypermethylation regulates renal tumor cell clonogenic proliferation and migration
Authors: Gooskens Saskia L. , Klasson Timothy D. , Gremmels Hendrik , Logister Ive , Pieters Robert , Perlman Elizabeth J. , Giles Rachel H. , van den Heuvel‐Eibrink Mary M. 
Published: October 2017

We recently identified hypermethylation at the gene promoter of transcription factor 21 (TCF21) in clear cell sarcoma of the kidney (CCSK), a rare pediatric renal tumor. TCF21 is a transcription factor involved in tubular epithelial development of the kidney and is a candidate tumor suppressor. As there are no in vitro models of CCSK, we employed a well‐established clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cell line, 786‐O, which also manifests high methylation at the TCF21 promoter, with consequent low TCF21 expression. The tumor suppressor function of TCF21 has not been functionally addressed in ccRCC cells; we aimed to explore the functional potential of TCF21 expression in ccRCC cells in vitro. 786‐O clones stably transfected with either pBABE‐TCF21‐HA construct or pBABE vector alone were functionally analyzed. We found that ectopic expression of TCF21 in 786‐O cells results in a trend toward decreased cell proliferation (not significant) and significantly decreased migration compared with mock‐transfected 786‐O cells. Although the number of colonies established in colony formation assays was not different between 786‐O clones, colony size was significantly reduced in 786‐O cells expressing TCF21. To investigate whether the changes in migration were due to epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition changes, we interrogated the expression of selected epithelial and mesenchymal markers. Although we observed upregulation of mRNA and protein levels of epithelial marker E‐cadherin in clones overexpressing TCF21, this did not result in surface expression of E‐cadherin as measured by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting and immunofluorescence. Furthermore, mRNA expression of the mesenchymal markers vimentin (VIM) and SNAI1 was not significantly decreased in TCF21‐expressing 786‐O cells, while protein levels of VIM were markedly decreased. We conclude that re‐expression of TCF21 in renal cancer cells that have silenced their endogenous TCF21 locus through hypermethylation results in reduced clonogenic proliferation, reduced migration, and reduced mesenchymal‐like characteristics, suggesting a tumor suppressor function for transcription factor 21.
Study of Plasmonic Resonances on Platonic Solids
Authors: Tzarouchis Dimitrios C. , Ylä‐Oijala Pasi , Sihvola Ari 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this study we discuss the plasmonic subwavelength scattering resonances of five regular polyhedra, that is, the Platonic solids tetrahedron, hexahedron, octahedron, dodecahedron, and icosahedron. A brief discussion regarding their geometrical characteristics and the numerical method used in the study is given. All results are compared with the benchmark case of a sphere, in order to observe how the geometry of the solid affects the spectral characteristics. The principal finding is that the shift of the main dipole resonance exhibits a solid vertex hierarchical order; in other words, the position of the resonance correlates with the solid angle of the vertex of the given solid. This is in contrast with the hedra‐hierarchical order found for the electrostatic dielectric response of these solids. These results can create new avenues for applications and devices that require plasmonic particles with on‐demand functionalities.
Norovirus
Authors: Iturriza‐Gómara Miren , Harris John 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Norovirus infections are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis globally. Despite the increasing recognition of norovirus infections in various animal species, there is to date no evidence of an animal reservoir for human norovirus, and transmission of norovirus is primarily person‐to‐person. Contaminated food, water and environment act as important amplifiers for infection. Human noroviruses are very diverse; however, one genotype GII‐4 predominates globally and is responsible for nearly half of all the infections and for a higher proportion of the outbreaks. Recently,
in vitro
systems for the propagation of human noroviruses have been developed, and there is an expectation that in the coming years, these will provide new insights into the molecular biology of human noroviruses and a better understanding of factors that determine susceptibility to and protection form infection. Host genetic factors and comorbidities in addition to potentially modifiable factors such as microbiome and use of certain treatment and drugs are increasingly recognised as important drivers of susceptibility to infection.

Key Concepts

Norovirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in humans.

Transmission of norovirus is predominantly person‐to‐person and is greatly amplified via contaminated food, water and environment.

Glycans act as attachment factors that mediate viral infection and cell entry and potentially drive host restriction.

New
in vitro
systems have recently been developed for human norovirus replication: B cell‐ and stem cell‐derived enteroids.

Virus diversity and host genetic and acquired factors are important drivers of susceptibility to infection.

The host microbiome has been recognised as an important factor for susceptibility to norovirus infection and clearance.