bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical treatment of mature cystic teratomas: A comparison of emergent and elective surgeries
Authors: Ganer Herman Hadas , Sagiv Ron , Raphaeli Hagit , Kerner Ram , Keidar Ran , Bar Jacob , Ginath Shimon 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimTo compare patient characteristics, imaging and surgical management of mature cystic teratomas (MCTs) according to surgery type – elective versus emergent.MethodsThe study included surgeries performed between 1990 and 2016, during which histologically verified ovarian MCT material was obtained. The elective management group included surgeries performed at a pre‐set date or incidental finding of MCT as part of a different surgery. Emergent surgeries were considered as such if performed as a result of suspected adnexal torsion.ResultsOne hundred ninety two operations in which MCT was confirmed by histology were included: 136 elective, 56 emergent. The majority (88.5%) of study patients were of reproductive age. Patients in the emergent surgery group were significantly younger (27.5 ± 10.2 vs 36 ± 13.8 years, P < 0.001). Sensitivity for dermoid diagnosis was significantly increased among elective surgery patients (65.2% vs. 47.1%, P = 0.02). Laparoscopy was the preferred surgical mode in both study groups. Adnexal torsion was confirmed in 67.8% of emergent surgeries. Conservative surgery, including cystectomy with or without detorsion, was more commonly performed in emergent surgeries (91% vs. 72.7%, P = 0.006). Bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy with or without total abdominal hysterectomy was more commonly performed in elective surgery patients (22% vs. 3.5%, P = 0.001). Patient parity, mass size and white blood cell count were independently associated with adnexal torsion.ConclusionsAdnexal torsion is common among symptomatic patients with MCT and is related to mass size, patient age, past parity and white blood cell count. Most patients with MCT are of reproductive age and thus are treated with a minimally invasive approach.
Effects of noise exposure on neonatal auditory brainstem response thresholds in pregnant guinea pigs at different gestational periods
Authors: Morimoto Chihiro , Nario Kazuhiko , Nishimura Tadashi , Shimokura Ryota , Hosoi Hiroshi , Kitahara Tadashi 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimNoise exposure during pregnancy has been reported to cause fetal hearing impairment. However, little is known about the effects of noise exposure during various gestational stages on postnatal hearing. In the present study, we investigated the effects of noise exposure on auditory brainstem response (ABR) at the early, mid‐, and late gestational periods in newborn guinea pigs.MethodsPregnant guinea pigs were exposed to 4‐kHz pure tone at a 120‐dB sound pressure level for 4 h. We divided the animals into four groups as follows: the control, early gestational exposure, mid‐gestational exposure, and late gestational exposure groups. ABR thresholds and latencies in newborns were recorded using 1‐, 2‐, and 4‐kHz tone burst on postnatal days 1, 7, 14, and 28. Changes in ABR thresholds and latencies were measured between the 4 × 4 and 4 × 3 factorial groups mentioned above (gestational periods × postnatal days, gestational periods × frequencies).ResultsThe thresholds were low in the order of control group < early gestational exposure group < mid‐gestational exposure group and late gestational exposure group. Noise exposure during pregnancy influenced ABR thresholds in neonatal guinea pigs.ConclusionThis is the first study to show that noise exposure during the early, mid‐, and late gestational periods significantly elevated ABR thresholds in neonatal guinea pigs.
Clinical study on the factors affecting the post‐partum recovery of patients with hypertensive pregnancy disorders at a Chinese hospital
Authors: Wei Jun , Wang Yan , Xu Jiayuan , Zhang Chunfang , Zhou Helen , Liu Guoli 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate the post‐partum recovery of blood pressure (BP) in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and to evaluate HDP risk factors.MethodsA total of 124 patients with gestational hypertension (n = 63) or pre‐eclampsia (n = 61) who gave birth at Peking University People's Hospital between January and December 2013 were included in this study. The recorded clinical and laboratory parameters included the patients' general information, maternal pre‐pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, gestational age at onset and delivery, delivery mode and time taken for BP to return to normal level. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of various risk factors on post‐partum BP recovery.ResultsThe mean interval for BP normalization was 24.1 ± 22.8 days (median, 7 days). Forty‐six percent of the patients recovered from hypertension within three days, and 75% recovered within six weeks of delivery. About 90% of the patients required 60 days for BP to normalize after delivery. After adjusting for confounding factors, post‐partum recovery from hypertension was found to be influenced by hypertension severity, maternal serum albumin level, a family history of hypertension and gestational week at delivery.ConclusionsThe BP of the majority of the patients with gestational hypertension or pre‐eclampsia returned to normal within 60 days of delivery. Hypertension severity, maternal serum albumin level, a family history of family hypertension and gestational week at delivery influenced the time required for BP normalization.
Consequences of delayed diagnosis of acute gastrointestinal intussusception, secondary to endometriosis
Authors: Chantalat Elodie , Tuyeras Géraud , Leguevaque Pierre , Delchier Marie Charlotte , Vaysse Charlotte , Genre Ludivine 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIleocecocolic intussusception due to cecal endometriotic lesion is extremely rare, with symptoms that are often non‐specific, and delay in receiving support is resented by patients. We report the case of a 39‐year‐old woman who presented with major complications as a result of delayed diagnosis of cecal endometriosis. She experienced a diagnostic error that led to medical abortion for intractable vomiting, for which the pregnancy had been considered the only cause, resulting in secondary infertility. Six years later, she developed acute bowel intussusception after surgical treatment of rectal endometriosis requiring emergency surgery with ileocecal resection. After review of the literature, we draw attention to the major consequences of delay in diagnosis in the present case. Consequently, cecal location must not be missed in the diagnostic workup of gastrointestinal endometriosis.
Causal inference in obesity research
Authors: Franks P. W. , Atabaki‐Pasdar N. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractObesity is a risk factor for a plethora of severe morbidities and premature death. Most supporting evidence comes from observational studies that are prone to chance, bias and confounding. Even data on the protective effects of weight loss from randomized controlled trials will be susceptible to confounding and bias if treatment assignment cannot be masked, which is usually the case with lifestyle and surgical interventions. Thus, whilst obesity is widely considered the major modifiable risk factor for many chronic diseases, its causes and consequences are often difficult to determine. Addressing this is important, as the prevention and treatment of any disease requires that interventions focus on causal risk factors. Disease prediction, although not dependent on knowing the causes, is nevertheless enhanced by such knowledge. Here, we provide an overview of some of the barriers to causal inference in obesity research and discuss analytical approaches, such as Mendelian randomization, that can help to overcome these obstacles. In a systematic review of the literature in this field, we found: (i) probable causal relationships between adiposity and bone health/disease, cancers (colorectal, lung and kidney cancers), cardiometabolic traits (blood pressure, fasting insulin, inflammatory markers and lipids), uric acid concentrations, coronary heart disease and venous thrombosis (in the presence of pulmonary embolism), (ii) possible causal relationships between adiposity and gray matter volume, depression and common mental disorders, oesophageal cancer, macroalbuminuria, end‐stage renal disease, diabetic kidney disease, nuclear cataract and gall stone disease, and (iii) no evidence for causal relationships between adiposity and Alzheimer's disease, pancreatic cancer, venous thrombosis (in the absence of pulmonary embolism), liver function and periodontitis.
Does cell phone use increase the chances of parotid gland tumor development? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: de Siqueira Elisa Carvalho , de Souza Fabrício Tinoco Alvim , Gomez Ricardo Santiago , Gomes Carolina Cavalieri , de Souza Renan Pedra 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundPrior epidemiological studies had examined the association between cell phone use and the development of tumors in the parotid glands. However, there is no consensus about the question of whether cell phone use is associated with increased risk of tumors in the parotid glands. We performed a meta‐analysis to evaluate the existing literature about the mean question and to determine their statistical significance.MethodsPrimary association studies. Papers that associated cell phone use and parotid gland tumors development were included, with no restrictions regarding publication date, language, and place of publication. Systematic literature search using PubMed, SciELO and Embase followed by meta‐analysis.Results and conclusionInitial screening included 37 articles, and three were included in meta‐analysis. Using three independent samples including 5087 subjects from retrospective case–control studies, cell phone use seems to be associated with greater odds (1.28, 95%‐ confidence interval: 1.09–1.51) to develop salivary gland tumor. Results should be read with caution due to the limited number of studies available and their retrospective design.
Efficacy and safety of nucleoside antiviral drugs for treatment of recurrent herpes labialis: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Fangman , Xu Hao , Liu Jinli , Cui Yuan , Luo Xiaobo , Zhou Yu , Chen Qianming , Jiang Lu 
Published: December 2016

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of nucleoside antiviral drugs for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis.MethodsRandomized controlled trials that examined the effectiveness and/or safety of nucleoside antiviral drugs for recurrent herpes labialis were identified via a literature search. The parameters used to measure efficacy were time to healing of classic and all lesions, time to resolution of pain, and percentage of aborted lesions. Safety was assessed by evaluating the adverse events reported during treatment. Subgroup analyses based on the mode of application (topical/systemic) and type of nucleoside antiviral drugs were performed, as were sensitivity analyses of studies with a low risk of bias.ResultsOur analysis included 16 publications reporting 25 randomized controlled trials (8453 patients). Nucleoside antiviral drugs decreased the time to healing of all lesions (mean difference: −0.74 days; 95% confidence interval: −0.86, −0.62), especially classic lesions (mean difference: −1.09 days; 95% confidence interval: −1.27, −0.92). They also reduced the time to resolution of pain (mean difference: −0.38 days; 95% confidence interval: −0.58, −0.18) and increased the percentage of aborted lesions (rate ratio: 1.15; 95% confidence interval: 1.07, 1.23). Valaciclovir more effectively reduced the time to healing of all lesions and the time to resolution of pain than did aciclovir. Both nucleoside antiviral drugs increased the percentage of aborted lesions, whereas penciclovir and famciclovir did not.ConclusionsNucleoside antiviral drugs are safe and beneficial for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis; both systemic and topical formulations are recommended. Valaciclovir is more effective than aciclovir, especially in reducing the time to healing of lesions.
Outcome and cervical metastatic spread of squamous cell cancer of the buccal mucosa, a retrospective analysis of the past 25 years
Authors: Sagheb Keyvan , Blatt Sebastian , Kraft Ina Sophie , Zimmer Stefanie , Rahimi‐Nedjat Roman‐Kia , Al‐Nawas Bilal , Walter Christian 
Published: December 2016

ObjectivesBecause of the low proportion of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of the buccal mucosa within the carcinomas of the oral cavity in the Western population, data concerning metastatic pattern are sparse. Therefore, this retrospective study is focusing on the occurrence of cervical metastases (CM) and the overall outcome of this tumor entity.Materials and MethodsFrom January 1988 to October 2013, 113 patients were treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mainz, for an oral SCC of the cheek. Metastatic pattern and clinical parameters that are possibly associated with an increased risk for CM as well as overall outcome were analyzed.ResultsThe average follow‐up was 48 months (range: 1–248 months). A total of 55 (49%) patients were female and 58 (51%) male, with an average age of 65 ± 13 years (♀68 ± 14 years; ♂63 ± 11 years). In total, 55% of the patients either smoked and/or consumed alcohol. In total, 34% of the patients had a stage III or IV tumor, with overall 23% having CM at the time of diagnosis. During the follow‐up, 50% (n = 56) of the patients developed a relapse after 12 months (median). Tumor size (P = 0.002*) and grading (P < 0.001*) are significantly associated with the occurrence of CM. Metastases (P = 0.008*) and advanced tumor size (P = 0.018) had an influence on the survival, whereas the relapse had no significant influence (P = 0.928). Five‐year survival rate was 80%.ConclusionsSCC of the buccal mucosa shows aggressive behavior with a considerably high proportion of relapse. Since overall outcome is significantly decreased by the cervical metastatic pattern, a selective, ipsilateral neck dissection for this patient group is recommended as the primary management.
Differences in utilization of dental procedures by children enrolled in Wisconsin Medicaid and Delta Dental insurance plans
Authors: Bhagavatula Pradeep , Xiang Qun , Szabo Aniko , Eichmiller Fredrick , Okunseri Christopher 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have directly compared dental procedures provided in public and private insurance plans for enrollees living in dental health professional shortage areas (DHPSAs). We examined the rates for the different types of dental procedures received by 0–18‐year‐old children living in DHPSAs and non‐DHPSAs who were enrolled in Medicaid and those enrolled under Delta Dental of Wisconsin (DDW) for years 2002 to 2008.MethodsMedicaid and DDW dental claims data for 2002 to 2008 was analyzed. Enrollees were divided into DDW‐DHPSA and non‐DHPSA and Medicaid‐DHPSA and non‐DHPSA groups. Descriptive and multivariable analyses using over‐dispersed Poisson regression were performed to examine the effect of living in DHPSAs and insurance type in relation to the number of procedures received.ResultsApproximately 49 and 65 percent of children living in non‐DHPSAs that were enrolled in Medicaid and DDW received at least one preventive dental procedure annually, respectively. Children in DDW non‐DHPSA group had 1.79 times as many preventive, 0.27 times fewer complex restorative and 0.51 times fewer endodontic procedures respectively, compared to those in Medicaid non‐DHPSA group. Children enrolled in DDW‐DHPSA group had 1.53 times as many preventive and 0.25 times fewer complex restorative procedures, compared to children in Medicaid‐DHPSA group.ConclusionsDDW enrollees had significantly higher utilization rates for preventive procedures than children in Medicaid. There were significant differences across Medicaid and DDW between non‐DHPSA and DHPSA for most dental procedures received by enrollees.
Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin in treatment‐naïve patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 or 3 infection in India
Authors: Shah S. R. , Chowdhury A. , Mehta R. , Kapoor D. , Duseja A. , Koshy A. , Shukla A. , Sood A. , Madan K. , Sud R. , Nijhawan S. , Pawan R. , Prasad M. , Kersey K. , Jiang D. , Svarovskaia E. , Doehle B. , Kanwar B. , Subramanian M. , Acharya S. K. , Sarin S. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryUntil 2014, pegylated interferon plus ribavirin was the recommended standard of care for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in India. This open‐label phase 3b study, conducted across 14 sites in India between 31 March 2014 and 30 November 2015, evaluated the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir plus ribavirin therapy among treatment‐naïve patients with chronic genotype 1 or 3 HCV infection. A total of 117 patients with genotype 1 or 3 HCV infection were randomized 1:1 to receive sofosbuvir 400 mg and weight‐based ribavirin (1000 or 1200 mg) daily for 16 or 24 weeks. Among those with genotype 1 infection, the primary efficacy endpoint of sustained virologic response at 12 weeks post‐treatment (SVR12) was reported in 90% (95% confidence intervals [CI], 73‐98) and 96% (95% CI, 82‐100) of patients following 16 and 24 weeks of treatment, respectively. For patients with genotype 3 infection, SVR12 rates were 100% (95% CI, 88‐100) and 93% (95% CI, 78‐99) after 16 and 24 weeks of therapy, respectively. Adverse events, most of which were mild or moderate in severity, occurred in 69% and 57% of patients receiving 16 and 24 weeks of treatment, respectively. The most common treatment‐emergent adverse events were asthenia, headache and cough. Only one patient in the 24‐week group discontinued treatment with sofosbuvir during this study. Overall, sofosbuvir plus ribavirin therapy achieved SVR12 rates ≥90% and was well tolerated among treatment‐naïve patients with chronic genotype 1 or 3 HCV infection in India.
Size of nest‐cavity entrance influences male attractiveness and paternal provisioning in house wrens
Authors: Will D. S. , Dorset E. E. , Thompson C. F. , Sakaluk S. K. , Bowers E. K. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn altricial birds, parental provisioning is plastic and can respond to a variety of environmental stimuli. In this study, we manipulated the size of entrances into artificial nest cavities (i.e. nestboxes) in a population of house wrens Troglodytes aedon as a means of manipulating a male's sexual attractiveness, and examined changes in parental provisioning. Nest cavities with large entrances are less desirable as nesting sites, and the males at these sites are less attractive to females. Therefore, we predicted that males at boxes that had large entrances would invest more in parental care (i.e. those that succeeded in finding a mate would provision their offspring at a higher rate) than males at nestboxes with small entrances. As predicted, males provisioned their offspring with food at the highest rates at nestboxes with enlarged entrances, and male provisioning effort positively predicted the number of fledglings they produced per egg. Males at these boxes provisioned more than their mates and more than females and males at nestboxes with small entrances. At nestboxes with small entrances, males provisioned at the same rate as females, and female provisioning did not differ significantly between treatments, on average. Male and female provisioning rates were negatively correlated, such that the increase in provisioning by males at nestboxes with enlarged entrances did not enhance nestling condition, likely because food delivery by females declined with increased provisioning by males. However, the amount of time females spent providing warmth for their ectothermic young increased with increases in male provisioning, suggesting that levels of male parental care altered the mode, not necessarily the extent, of care provided by females. These findings suggest that male provisioning is related to sexual attractiveness, and that sexual conflict over biparental care may not be as simple as the assessment of food provisioning might otherwise suggest.
Agents with other‐regarding preferences in the commons
Authors: Monroy Luisa , Caraballo M. Ángeles , Mármol Amparo M. , Zapata Asunción 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe present a unified approach to study the problem of the commons for agents with other‐regarding preferences. This situation is modeled as a game with vector‐valued utilities. Several types of agents are characterized depending on the importance assigned to the components of their utility functions. We obtain the set of equilibria of the game with two types of agents, pro‐social and pro‐self, and some refinements of this set for conservative agents. The most relevant result is that only a pro‐social agent is required to avoid the tragedy of the commons, regardless of the behavior of the rest of the agents.
An Introduction to Frank Zappa's ‘Chord Bible’
Authors: CLEMENT BRETT 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThis article offers an introduction to a little‐known compositional system devised by Frank Zappa for his orchestral music: the Chord Bible. Through a close study of the orchestral works featuring Chord Bible harmony, I will attempt a partial recreation of its contents, focusing on seven‐ and eight‐note chords. This will reveal a hybrid system with important pitch and pitch‐class components. Regarding pitch, each chord manifests a precise intervallic spacing (or ‘density’, to use Zappa's term). Conversely, chords are conceived in a scalar harmonic universe derived from diatonic, minor Lydian and octatonic pitch‐class collections. These aspects will be described as a merging of features derived from the music of Edgard Varèse and from the scalar procedures characteristic of Zappa's popular output. I will demonstrate how different chord types within the Chord Bible are generated from a combination of scalar and intervallic transformations. The study concludes with an overview of the musical employment of Chord Bible harmony in three pieces. This analysis will reveal a progressive sophistication in technique that is directly related to the increased importance of the Chord Bible in Zappa's compositional process.