bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dendritic GIRK Channels Gate the Integration Window, Plateau Potentials, and Induction of Synaptic Plasticity in Dorsal But Not Ventral CA1 Neurons
Authors: Malik Ruchi , Johnston Daniel 
Published: March 2017

Studies comparing neuronal activity at the dorsal and ventral poles of the hippocampus have shown that the scale of spatial information increases and the precision with which space is represented declines from the dorsal to ventral end. These dorsoventral differences in neuronal output and spatial representation could arise due to differences in computations performed by dorsal and ventral CA1 neurons. In this study, we tested this hypothesis by quantifying the differences in dendritic integration and synaptic plasticity between dorsal and ventral CA1 pyramidal neurons of rat hippocampus. Using a combination of somatic and dendritic patch-clamp recordings, we show that the threshold for LTP induction is higher in dorsal CA1 neurons and that a G-protein-coupled inward-rectifying potassium channel mediated regulation of dendritic plateau potentials and dendritic excitability underlies this gating. By contrast, similar regulation of LTP is absent in ventral CA1 neurons. Additionally, we show that generation of plateau potentials and LTP induction in dorsal CA1 neurons depends on the coincident activation of Schaffer collateral and temporoammonic inputs at the distal apical dendrites. The ventral CA1 dendrites, however, can generate plateau potentials in response to temporally dispersed excitatory inputs. Overall, our results highlight the dorsoventral differences in dendritic computation that could account for the dorsoventral differences in spatial representation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe dorsal and ventral parts of the hippocampus encode spatial information at very different scales. Whereas the place-specific firing fields are small and precise at the dorsal end of the hippocampus, neurons at the ventral end have comparatively larger place fields. Here, we show that the dorsal CA1 neurons have a higher threshold for LTP induction and require coincident timing of excitatory synaptic inputs for the generation of dendritic plateau potentials. By contrast, ventral CA1 neurons can integrate temporally dispersed inputs and have a lower threshold for LTP. Together, these dorsoventral differences in the threshold for LTP induction could account for the differences in scale of spatial representation at the dorsal and ventral ends of the hippocampus.
Novel Resampling Improves Statistical Power for Multiple-Trait QTL Mapping
Authors: Cheng Riyan , Doerge R W , Borevitz Justin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMultiple-trait analysis typically employs models that associate a quantitative trait locus (QTL) with all of the traits. As a result, statistical power for QTL detection may not be optimal if the QTL contributes to the phenotypic variation in only a small proportion of the traits. Excluding QTL effects that contribute little to the test statistic can improve statistical power. In this article, we show that an optimal power can be achieved when the number of QTL effects is best estimated, and that a stringent criterion for QTL effect selection may improve power when the number of QTL effects is small but can reduce power otherwise. We investigate strategies for excluding trivial QTL effects, and propose a method that improves statistical power when the number of QTL effects is relatively small, and fairly maintains the power when the number of QTL effects is large. The proposed method first uses resampling techniques to determine the number of nontrivial QTL effects, and then selects QTL effects by the backward elimination procedure for significance test. We also propose a method for testing QTL-trait associations that are desired for biological interpretation in applications. We validate our methods using simulations and Arabidopsis thaliana transcript data.
Adapting Genotyping-by-Sequencing for Rice F2 Populations
Authors: Furuta Tomoyuki , Ashikari Motoyuki , Jena Kshirod K , Doi Kazuyuki , Reuscher Stefan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRapid and cost-effective genotyping of large mapping populations can be achieved by sequencing a reduced representation of the genome of every individual in a given population, and using that information to generate genetic markers. A customized genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) pipeline was developed to genotype a rice F2 population from a cross of Oryza sativa ssp. japonica cv. Nipponbare and the African wild rice species O. longistaminata. While most GBS pipelines aim to analyze mainly homozygous populations, we attempted to genotype a highly heterozygous F2 population. We show how species- and population-specific improvements of established protocols can drastically increase sample throughput and genotype quality. Using as few as 50,000 reads for some individuals (134,000 reads on average), we were able to generate up to 8154 informative SNP markers in 1081 F2 individuals. Additionally, the effects of enzyme choice, read coverage, and data postprocessing are evaluated. Using GBS-derived markers, we were able to assemble a genetic map of 1536 cM. To demonstrate the usefulness of our GBS pipeline, we determined quantitative trait loci (QTL) for the number of tillers. We were able to map four QTL to chromosomes 1, 3, 4, and 8, and partially confirm their effects using introgression lines. We provide an example of how to successfully use GBS with heterozygous F2 populations. By using the comparatively low-cost MiSeq platform, we show that the GBS method is flexible and cost-effective, even for smaller laboratories.
Utility of fine-needle aspiration cytology as a screening tool in diagnosis of breast lumps
Authors: Gupta Rajat , Dewan Deepika , Kumar Dinesh , Sharma Rameshwar 
Published: March 2017

Background: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has proved to be a rapid, safe, cost effective and good screening or initial diagnostic tool for early diagnosis and management of palpable breast swellings. The present study was conducted to describe and categorize various breast lesions on FNAC. The study also aimed to find out the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC procedure.Methods: This study was carried out on 175 patients who presented with palpable breast swellings in Government Hospital Gandhi Nagar, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India and subsequently referred to Pathology Department of Govt. Hospital Gandhi Nagar over a period of two years and eight months from January 2013 to September 2015. Lesions were categorized as per cytomorphological features obtained on FNAC. Histopathological correlation was done on 68 cases inclusive of all malignant cases.Results: 156 (89%) cases were categorized as benign and 19 cases (11%) as malignant on FNAC out of 175 cases. The most common benign lesion was fibro adenoma (41%) and the most common breast carcinoma was ductal carcinoma (65%). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, LR+ and LR- came out to be 85%, 95.8%, 89%, 93.8%, 20.4 and 0.15 respectively.Conclusions: FNAC is a good screening procedure for initial diagnosis of breast lumps. It is highly useful procedure in secondary care centres due to its cost effectiveness, rapid and safe nature.
Sudden eruption of multiple Meyerson naevi
Authors: Gulin Sandra Jerkovic , Rados Jaka , Loncaric Davorin , Ceovic Romana , Marinovic Branka 
Published: March 2017

<p>We present a case of a young patient presenting with a six-month history of multiple squamous pink and light brown papules surrounded by symmetrical eczema on the trunk. Dermoscopy revealed light brown structureless and avascular lesions with an erythematous scaly halo. The patient denied the presence of naevi on the sites of the newly emerging changes. Histopathology revealed acanthotic epidermis and linear clusters of morphologically normal naevi cells in the upper dermis, infiltration of lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils and mild spongiosis in the dermis. Topical betamethasone/gentamicin ointment twice daily for 10 days was prescribed. The erythematous scaly area around lesions completely disappeared on the follow-up visit after six months. This is a unique case of a sudden appearance of newly formed multiple benign dermal naevi with Meyerson phenomenon—the sudden eruption of multiple Meyerson naevi.</p>
Recruiting for Rehabilitation Counselor Education Programs: Twenty Years Later
Authors: Paul Heidi , Brodwin Martin G. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose:To examine changes in recruitment procedures over the past 20 years and the effect of these changes on the number of students entering rehabilitation programs at California State University, Los Angeles (CSULA).Method:The authors reviewed recruitment practices at CSULA and student enrollment of graduates and undergraduates in rehabilitation programs in 1993 and compared the recruitment practices and student enrollment in rehabilitation programs in 2014.Results:Some of the methods used in 1993 are still in use today. However, the establishment of technology has created new opportunities for recruitment with positive effect. The undergraduate program has grown from 100 students in 1993 to 450 students in 2014. The graduate program has increased from 15 students to 28 students accepted annually, turning away two-thirds of potential graduate students who have applied for admission to the program.Conclusion:To enhance recruitment, it is important to reach as many students as possible, which can be done with the creative use of technology as well as retaining effective recruitment practices used in the past.
A Survey of Military Counseling Content and Curriculum Among Council on Rehabilitation Education- and Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs-Accredited Programs
Authors: Stebnicki Mark A. , Clemmons-James Dominiquie , Leierer Stephen 
Published: March 2017

Purpose:To determine the amount, frequency, and type of course content related to military counseling issues in Council on Rehabilitation Education (CORE)- and Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP)-accredited master’s-level counselor education programs.Methods:A questionnaire was sent to all CORE- and CACREP-accredited program directors/coordinators (N= 383) via Microsoft Outlook e-mail system. The authors used the 6-item questionnaire to ask participants to report data in the following areas: (a) if their program offered a certificate program, specialty track, concentration, or degree program in military counseling; (b) if not, do they intend to add a stand-alone military counseling course, certificate program, specialty track, or degree program in military counseling; (c) if they currently have plans, how do they intend to deliver such topics within the structure of their curriculum or counselor education program; (d) if coursework already exists, how is it currently structured within their curriculum and counselor education program; and (e) 3 open-end questions requesting course titles; semester hours related to course content, curriculum, and/or concentration, and comments regarding student assignments and/or projects that are military related.Results:Overall, out of 362 programs surveyed, 85 (23.4%) responded. All 85 of survey respondents indicated that they did not have a (a) certificate program, (b) specialty track, or (c) degree program that related to military counseling. Of the 85 programs, 34 schools (4.7%) had developed stand-alone courses that offered military counseling content. More than two-thirds of the 85 programs reported covering military counseling content in various courses across the curriculum.Conclusion:None of the program directors/coordinators in this study indicated they had a specialty track, concentration, or certificate program. Some of the participants indicated they were considering adding additional seminars, courses, and other student experiences that would integrate assessment, diagnosis, and treatment for persons that are active-duty personnel and veterans. Overall, the data suggest that there is greater attention and a willingness among counselor educators to infuse military counseling–related coursework. This is promising because it is critical that preprofessionals and professionals alike be introduced to the emerging population of providing rehabilitation counseling services to military personnel, veterans, and their family members.
The Effect of Parenting Practices on the Severity of Gingival Bleeding in Children
Authors: Kumar Santhosh , Tadakamadla Jyothi , Zimmer‐Gembeck Melanie , Kroon Jeroen , Lalloo Ratilal , Johnson Newell W. 
Published: March 2017

Background: Studies have consistently reported that parenting practices have an impact on eating styles which determine obesity levels in children. However, to the best knowledge of the authors, there is no study that evaluates the association of parenting practices on gingivitis in children using path analysis to evaluate if oral health–related behavior mediates this association. This study aims to test a model of parenting and family demographic factors that could account for gingivitis in children, with a focus on the mediational roles of oral health–related behaviors and oral hygiene status.Methods: Clinical examination of oral hygiene status and gingivitis was conducted using simplified oral hygiene and modified Community Periodontal Indices, respectively, on sixth‐grade school children (n = 1,539) of Medak District in Telangana State, India. Children also answered a questionnaire consisting of five closed‐ended questions on oral health–related behavior. Parents responded to queries related to socioeconomic status (SES), family structure, number of children, oral health–related behavior, and parenting practices.Results: Prevalence of gingival bleeding was 92.4%. Power assertion parenting (representing coercive or controlling parenting practices) had a negative effect on oral hygiene status (β = 0.044; P = 0.07), and also had an indirect effect on gingival bleeding (β = 0.011; P = 0.05). Oral hygiene status was positively associated with the extent of gingival bleeding (β = 0.24; P = 0.01). Children living in families with lower SES had worse oral hygiene (β = −0.101; P = 0.01) and gingival bleeding status (β = −0.024; P = 0.01).Conclusion: Power assertion parenting had a deleterious effect on the extent of gingival bleeding via a worse oral hygiene status of children, but SES was also important for predicting oral hygiene and gingival bleeding.
“Uma boca pequena” sobre os sistemas de áreas verdes de Ribeirão Preto (1945-1955).
Authors: Deminice Daniel 
Published: March 2017

Durante um período de 10 anos a cidade de Ribeirão Preto passou por um momento de inflexão na definição de sua forma urbana. Ao longo da primeira metade do século XX, ela havia sido construída em meio à produção de diferentes representações urbanas que se tornaram o motivo de polarizações político-partidárias em sua Câmara Municipal. Esta situação irá se agravar com a criação de um projeto de Plano de Diretor pelo urbanista José de Oliveira Reis. Diante de uma divisão social que o município vinha adquirindo, Oliveira Reis propunha um novo zoneamento estruturado por um sistema de áreas verdes constituídas por parkways, bosques, praças e unidades de vizinhanças, dotando a cidade de outro tratamento paisagístico. Todavia, durante a tramitação desse Plano Diretor se configuram polarização políticas que terminam com denúncias contra ameaças e propinas que alguns vereadores vinham recebendo pelos loteadores da cidade. Ao final desse episódio, se vê o agravamento das vertentes de crescimento urbano entre o norte pobre - território de fábricas e moradias populares; e o sul rico - espaço de bairros prioritariamente residenciais.
La expansion urbana como reveladora de territorialidades: conflicto de proximidad en usme-bogotá
Authors: Camacho Bonilla Aureliano 
Published: March 2017

El presente artículo es el resultado parcial de la investigación del Doctorado en Urbanismo y ordenamiento del espacio que llevo a cabo actualmente en la Universidad Paris Ouest Nanterre. El objetivo es analizar el conflicto generado por la decisión de actores públicos y privados de desarrollar proyectos de vivienda de interés social, en un espacio de frontera rural-urbano o espacio periurbano de Bogotá (Usme), en donde conjugan e interactúan diversos actores. Se trata de mostrar como el conflicto resulta una forma de crear nuevas territorialidades y así mismo como proceso, es revelador de nuevas identidades territoriales que conducen a reflexionar sobre la relación entre la sociedad y el espacio.
Reconstruction of a Neglected Tibial Plateau Fracture Malunion with an Open-Book Osteotomy
Authors: Mastrokalos Dimitrios S. , Panagopoulos Georgios N. , Koulalis Dimitrios , Soultanis Konstantinos C. , Kontogeorgakos Vasileios A. , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J. 
Published: March 2017

Case:
Surgical management of tibial plateau fractures can be challenging, and complications can be devastating. We report the case of a lateral tibial plateau fracture malunion with an associated intra-articular depression, which we treated with an open-book osteotomy, obviating the need for an early corrective osteotomy or knee arthroplasty.

Conclusion:
A tibial plateau fracture malunion can be reconstructed. The surgical team should give priority to salvage options, which can obviate or delay the need for and the implications of an early total knee arthroplasty, especially in a young and active patient.
Dew from Warm‐Season Turfgrasses as a Possible Route for Pollinator Exposure to Lawn‐Applied Imidacloprid
Authors: McCurdy James D. , Held David W. , Gunn Jonathan M. , Barickman T. Casey 
Published: March 2017

Core Ideas
This is the first study to report warm‐season turfgrass dew as a potential source for pollinator contact with imidacloprid.
Observed imidacloprid concentrations were similar to those reported in creeping bentgrass guttation droplets but less than those typically found in agronomic crops grown from treated seed.
Foliar‐treated bermudagrass contained more than 10 times the imidacloprid residue of the isolated soil‐only treatment.
Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide used for the control of turfgrass insect pests. It can be translocated into guttation fluid, thus potentially creating an exposure avenue for beneficial insects. Our research objectives were to investigate the fate of soil‐ and foliar‐applied imidacloprid in dew forming on bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) and St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) Kuntze] turf. Imidacloprid was applied at standard use rates (443 g a.i. ha−1; 6.32 oz a.i. acre−1) to soil only via sub‐irrigation (Years 1 and 2) or by foliar treatment (Year 2), which is representative of standard home lawn application. Dew fluid, which includes guttation, was collected 48 h after treatment and was analyzed for imidacloprid. During Year 1, dew collected from the soil‐only treatment of bermudagrass and St. Augustinegrass contained 15.8 and 9.2 ng imidacloprid mL−1, respectively. During Year 2, foliar treated bermudagrass contained more than 10 times the amount of imidacloprid as found in the soil‐only treatment (59.8 versus 5.2 ng mL−1, respectively). Observed imidacloprid concentrations were similar to those reported in creeping bentgrass guttation droplets but were less than those typically found in agronomic crops grown from treated seed. Levels were less than those reported to be acutely lethal to the European honeybee. However, depending on the amount of contaminated dew or guttation transported into hives, similarly low concentrations could be associated with sublethal effects (reportedly >10 ng mL−1). This is the first study to report warm‐season turfgrass dew as a potential source for pollinator contact with imidacloprid and suggests that post‐application irrigation is perhaps the best way to avoid pollinator exposure.
Ameliorative effect of aqueous extract of bitter leaf on egg yolk induced kidney toxicity in adult wistar rats
Authors: Ehimigbai Richard Agbonluai 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
The aim of the study is to assess the effect of aqeueous extract of bitter leaf on egg yolk induced kidney toxicity in adult wistar rat. A total of 44 (forty four) adult wistar rats weighing between 220 g to 250 g were separated into 4 groups of 11 rats per group. Group A rats were placed on normal diet only while Group B rats received 300 mg/ kg body weight / day (BWT/D) of egg yolk. Group C rats received 250mg / kg BWT/D of bitter leaf. Group D rats received 300 mg/ kg BWT/D of egg yolk and 250mg / kg BWT/D of bitter leaf. The dosage were given for 32 days via orogastric method. The biochemical outcome showed that group B revealed marked elevation in the urea, SOD, cholesterol level when compared with the other groups. Histologically, group B showed a mild vascular obstruction and patchy tubular necrosis, while group A, C and D revealed normal architecture of the kidney. We can therefore concluded that the aqueous extract of bitter leaf have antioxidative and neproprotective properties against egg yolk induced kidney toxicity in wistar rat.
Anatomical variations of A1 and A2 segments of anterior cerebral artery.
Authors: Ligha Aloysius Ebi , Ligha Aloysius Ebi 
Published: March 2017

imaging of the cerebral arterial circulation is key in neurological diseases and knowledge of anatomical variants is very important in both radiologic interpretation and interventional procedures. We present a case of A1 segment hypoplasia and azygos A2 anterior cerebral artery anomalies with the aim of discussing the normal anatomy, embryological perspectives and the most common variants of anterior cerebral artery