bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2017 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Prevention and Treatment of Glucocorticoid‐Induced Osteoporosis
Authors: Buckley Lenore , Guyatt Gordon , Fink Howard A. , Cannon Michael , Grossman Jennifer , Hansen Karen E. , Humphrey Mary Beth , Lane Nancy E. , Magrey Marina , Miller Marc , Morrison Lake , Rao Madhumathi , Robinson Angela Byun , Saha Sumona , Wolver Susan , Bannuru Raveendhara R. , Vaysbrot Elizaveta , Osani Mikala , Turgunbaev Marat , Miller Amy S. , McAlindon Timothy 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveTo develop recommendations for prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis (GIOP).MethodsWe conducted a systematic review to synthesize the evidence for the benefits and harms of GIOP prevention and treatment options. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology was used to rate the quality of evidence. We used a group consensus process to determine the final recommendations and grade their strength. The guideline addresses initial assessment and reassessment in patients beginning or continuing long‐term (≥3 months) glucocorticoid (GC) treatment, as well as the relative benefits and harms of lifestyle modification and of calcium, vitamin D, bisphosphonate, raloxifene, teriparatide, and denosumab treatment in the general adult population receiving long‐term GC treatment, as well as in special populations of long‐term GC users.ResultsBecause of limited evidence regarding the benefits and harms of interventions in GC users, most recommendations in this guideline are conditional (uncertain balance between benefits and harms). Recommendations include treating only with calcium and vitamin D in adults at low fracture risk, treating with calcium and vitamin D plus an additional osteoporosis medication (oral bisphosphonate preferred) in adults at moderate‐to‐high fracture risk, continuing calcium plus vitamin D but switching from an oral bisphosphonate to another antifracture medication in adults in whom oral bisphosphonate treatment is not appropriate, and continuing oral bisphosphonate treatment or switching to another antifracture medication in adults who complete a planned oral bisphosphonate regimen but continue to receive GC treatment. Recommendations for special populations, including children, people with organ transplants, women of childbearing potential, and people receiving very high‐dose GC treatment, are also made.ConclusionThis guideline provides direction for clinicians and patients making treatment decisions. Clinicians and patients should use a shared decision‐making process that accounts for patients’ values, preferences, and comorbidities. These recommendations should not be used to limit or deny access to therapies.
Strongly Luminescent Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes Supported by Bidentate Ligands Displaying Intermolecular Interactions and Tunable Emission Energy
Authors: Chan Kaai Tung , Tong Glenna So Ming , Wan Qingyun , Cheng Gang , Yang Chen , Che Chi‐Ming 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA series of charge‐neutral AuIII complexes, which comprise a dicarbanionic C‐deprotonated biphenyl ligand and bidentate ancillary ligands ([Au(C^C)(L^X)]; L^X=β‐diketonate and relatives (O^O), quinolinolate and relatives (N^O), and diphosphino (P^P) ligands), were prepared. All the complexes are emissive in degassed CH2Cl2 solutions and in thin‐film samples with Φem up to 18 and 35 %, respectively, except for 5 and 6, which bear (N^O)‐type ancillary ligands. Variation of the electronic characteristics of the β‐diketonate ancillary ligand was demonstrated to be a viable route for tuning the emission color from blue‐green (peak λem at ca. 466 nm for 1 and 2; 501 nm for 4 a and 4 b) to orange (peak λem at 585 nm for 3), in contrast to the common observations that the ancillary ligand has a negligible effect on the excited‐state energy of the AuIII complexes reported in the literature. DFT/time‐dependent (TD) DFT calculations revealed that the energies of the 3ππ*(C^C) and the 3ILCT(O^O) excited states (ILCT=intraligand charge transfer) switch in order on going from O^O=acetylacetonate (acac) to aryl‐substituted β‐diketonate ligands. Solution‐processed and vacuum‐deposited organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) devices of selected complexes were prepared. The vacuum‐deposited OLED fabricated with 2 displays a sky‐blue emission with a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 6.71 % and CIE coordinates of (0.22, 0.40). The crystal structures of 7 and 9 reveal short intermolecular AuIII⋅⋅⋅AuIII contacts, with intermetal distances of 3.408 and 3.453 Å, respectively. DFT/TDDFT calculations were performed on 7 and 9 to account for the noncovalent interactions. Solid samples of 1, 3, and 9 exhibit excimeric emission at room temperature, which is rarely reported in AuIII complexes.
A DNA‐Based Label‐Free Artificial Tongue for Pattern Recognition of Metal Ions
Authors: Qiu Hao , Pu Fang , Ran Xiang , Ren Jinsong , Qu Xiaogang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAn array‐based sensing method offers several advantages for detecting various analytes. DNA molecules as sensor elements have attracted considerable interest owing to their unique properties. Here, a label‐free sensor array using DNA and commercially available dyes to differentiate metal ions is reported. Based on the different interactions between dye‐bound DNA and metal ions, the fluorescence intensities of the sensor elements are changed to different degrees. In this way, fourteen metal ions can be efficiently distinguished by principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). A highly sensitive discrimination of metal ions with 92.8 % identification accuracy can be achieved. The present work provides a simple and convenient method for the construction of a DNA‐based sensor array.
Process control performance evaluation in the case of variable set‐point with experimental applications
Authors: Bacci di Capaci Riccardo , Scali Claudio 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to contribute with some refinements to recent methods of analysis of control loop performance, based on the well‐established principle of Internal Model Control (IMC). Lower limits for the absolute value of the integral of control error (IAE) and the total variation of control action (TV) are assumed as reference values for a control considered good or at least acceptable. The overall performance index assumes as a benchmark a controller tuned according to rules of S(implified)IMC technique and is appropriately defined with respect to the lower limits of the two metrics IAE and TV. This allows the assessment of control loop performance, that is, the validity of tuning for PID‐type controllers in response to different types of reference change. In fact, one can assess performance in the case of set‐point changes as steps, ramps, or generic varying trends over time. In order to demonstrate the validity of the refined technique, several examples of simulation, case studies on a pilot plant, and real industrial data are presented.
Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with increased readmission in heart failure patients
Authors: Sommerfeld Alex , Althouse Andrew D. , Prince Jennifer , Atwood Charles W. , Mulukutla Suresh R. , Hickey Gavin W. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundHeart failure (HF) readmission rates have become an increasingly important quality metric since the advent of the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program. Despite many well‐intentioned efforts to reduce readmissions, clinicians continue to struggle with the problem of high HF readmission rates.HypothesisHF patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) will have higher burden of rehospitalization and mortality than HF patients without OSA.MethodsOur study included 344 patient encounters (among 271 unique patients) with a diagnosis of HF from September 2014 through September 2015. Our primary endpoints were all‐cause readmission within 30 and 90 days. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between OSA and readmission when accounting for potential confounders.ResultsThe patients’ were 72 ± 10 years old, and predominantly white (76.2%) and male (99.4%). Among the 344 patient encounters, 247 (71.8%) had diagnosed coronary artery disease, 159 (46.2%) had atrial fibrillation, and 99 (28%) had obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Notably, patients with OSA had an elevated rate of readmission within 30 days (OSA: 30.3% vs no OSA: 19.6%, P = 0.037) and within 90 days (OSA: 57.6% vs no OSA: 36.3P < 0.01). Patients with OSA had increased risk of readmission within 90 days (odds ratio: 2.38, 95% confidence interval: 1.47‐3.83, P < 0.01) even after adjustment for potential confounders of age, race, obesity, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.ConclusionsHF patients with OSA have an elevated rate of readmission compared to the general HF population, particularly within the first 90 days after discharge.
2,6‐Difluorobenzamide Inhibitors of Bacterial Cell Division Protein FtsZ: Design, Synthesis, and Structure–Activity Relationships
Authors: Straniero Valentina , Zanotto Carlo , Straniero Letizia , Casiraghi Andrea , Duga Stefano , Radaelli Antonia , De Giuli Morghen Carlo , Valoti Ermanno 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA wide variety of drug‐resistant microorganisms are continuously emerging, restricting the therapeutic options for common bacterial infections. Antimicrobial agents that were originally potent are now no longer helpful, due to their weak or null activity toward these antibiotic‐resistant bacteria. In addition, none of the recently approved antibiotics affect innovative targets, resulting in a need for novel drugs with innovative antibacterial mechanisms of action. The essential cell division protein filamentous temperature‐sensitive Z (FtsZ) has emerged as a possible target, thanks to its ubiquitous expression and its homology to eukaryotic β‐tubulin. In the latest years, several compounds were shown to interact with this prokaryotic protein and selectively inhibit bacterial cell division. Recently, our research group developed interesting derivatives displaying good antibacterial activities against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus, as well as vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The aim of the present study was to summarize the structure–activity relationships of differently substituted heterocycles, linked by a methylenoxy bridge to the 2,6‐difluorobenzamide, and to validate FtsZ as the real target of this class of antimicrobials.
1H NMR application in characterizing the refinery products of gasoline
Authors: Sun Cheng , Wang Zhixiao 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe report on an application of 1H NMR spectroscopy in characterizing the gasoline properties of its refinery products. In this work, a variety of gasoline samples obtained from different refinery stages are studied, and the aromatic, olefin, and paraffin contents as well as the octane number (ON) of the gasoline samples are characterized by 1H NMR. The properties of two product gasoline samples are also studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy; the NMR‐determined values for the ONs are compared with the research octane number values measured in a standard test engine, and a good agreement is achieved. This work indicates that the characteristics of gasoline can be revealed by 1H NMR, and the values derived from the NMR spectroscopy can be used to assess the gasoline quality during its refinery processes. Based on this work, we demonstrate that the 1H NMR spectroscopy is a convenient tool in the continuous monitoring of the refinery processes of gasoline.
A task‐based approach for finding SCCs in real‐world graphs on external memory
Authors: Lv Huiming , Shao Zhiyuan , Li Lang , Shi Xuanhua , Jin Hai 
Published: June 2017

SummaryFinding strongly connected components (SCCs) in graphs is one of the important research topics of graph data mining. Traditional SCC‐finding methods need to load the whole graph into main memory before actual processing, which makes them inappropriate to process today's large graphs. Although it is cost‐effective to conductive SCC‐finding in the external memory (EM) graph processing systems, existing EM systems are still inefficient on such workload for 2 reasons: data‐parallel processing model and inefficient graph mutation mechanism.In this paper, we propose a task‐based approach, named as TAS, for finding SCCs in large real‐world graphs. TAS encapsulates individual graph dataset and the SCC‐finding algorithms conducted on it as an independent task. By this strategy, different algorithms can be assigned to different datasets according to the stage of processing or the size of the dataset. By gradually removing unneeded data, ie, the known SCCs, with an efficient graph mutation method, TAS continuously reduces the scale of the problem to accelerate processing. Performance evaluation on large real‐world graphs show that TAS greatly outperforms existing EM solutions on finding SCCs (eg, 55.2x faster than GraphChi and 40.3x faster than X‐Stream).
A framework for dense triangular matrix kernels on various manycore architectures
Authors: Charara Ali , Keyes David , Ltaief Hatem 
Published: June 2017

SummaryWe present a new high‐performance framework for dense triangular Basic Linear Algebra Subroutines (BLAS) kernels, ie, triangular matrix‐matrix multiplication (TRMM) and triangular solve (TRSM), on various manycore architectures. This is an extension of a previous work on a single GPU by the same authors, presented at the EuroPar'16 conference, in which we demonstrated the effectiveness of recursive formulations in enhancing the performance of these kernels. In this paper, the performance of triangular BLAS kernels on a single GPU is further enhanced by implementing customized in‐place CUDA kernels for TRMM and TRSM, which are called at the bottom of the recursion. In addition, a multi‐GPU implementation of TRMM and TRSM is proposed and we show an almost linear performance scaling, as the number of GPUs increases. Finally, the algorithmic recursive formulation of these triangular BLAS kernels is in fact oblivious to the targeted hardware architecture. We, therefore, port these recursive kernels to homogeneous x86 hardware architectures by relying on the vendor optimized BLAS implementations. Results reported on various hardware architectures highlight a significant performance improvement against state‐of‐the‐art implementations. These new kernels are freely available in the KAUST BLAS (KBLAS) open‐source library at https://github.com/ecrc/kblas.
Effect of addition of different antisolvents on the crystallization of aqueous ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solutions
Authors: Sangwal Keshra , Mielniczek‐Brzóska Ewa 
Published: June 2017

The effect of addition of three different antisolvents (namely: methanol, ethanol and acetone) on the metastable zone width (MSZW) for the crystallization of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) from their aqueous solutions saturated at 30°C is studied by in situ measurements of solution temperature T as a function of feeding time t of the antisolvents at preselected rate RA. It is found that the value of MSZW, as determined by the value of the maximum antisolvent content Δxmax, for a given RA decreases with decreasing dielectric constant εa of the antisolvent. The experimental Δxmax(RA) data for different antisolvents are analyzed by using two dependences: lnΔxmax) = Φ + (1/m)lnRA) and (Δxmax)−2 = F(1−ZlnRA), with constants Φ, m, Z and F, predicted by self‐consistent Nývlt‐like approach and an approach based on the classical three‐dimensional nucleation theory, respectively. Analysis of the Δxmax(RA) data revealed that: (1) the empirical constants Φ and m increase linearly with εa−1 of the antisolvents, and (2) Φ = −lnF/2 and m = −2/Z. The observations are discussed from consideration of solute−solvent and solute−antisolvent interactions. The results show that the parameter FZ for different antisolvents provides information of solute−solvent interfacial energy γ and diffusion processes.
Intensified Biobutanol Recovery by using Zeolites with Complementary Selectivity
Authors: Van der Perre Stijn , Gelin Pierre , Claessens Benjamin , Martin‐Calvo Ana , Cousin Saint Remi Julien , Duerinck Tim , Baron Gino V. , Palomino Miguel , Sánchez Ledys Y. , Valencia Susana , Shang Jin , Singh Ranjeet , Webley Paul A. , Rey Fernando , Denayer Joeri F. M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA vapor‐phase adsorptive recovery process is proposed as an alternative way to isolate biobutanol from acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation media, offering several advantages compared to liquid phase separation. The effect of water, which is still present in large quantities in the vapor phase, on the adsorption of the organics could be minimized by using hydrophobic zeolites. Shape‐selective all‐silica zeolites CHA and LTA were prepared and evaluated with single‐component isotherms and breakthrough experiments. These zeolites show opposite selectivities; adsorption of ethanol is favorable on all‐silica CHA, whereas the LTA topology has a clear preference for butanol. The molecular sieving properties of both zeolites allow easy elimination of acetone from the mixture. The molecular interaction mechanisms are studied by density functional theory (DFT) simulations. The effects of mixture composition, humidity and total pressure of the vapor stream on the selectivity and separation behavior are investigated. Desorption profiles are studied to maximize butanol purity and recovery. The combination of LTA with CHA‐type zeolites (Si‐CHA or SAPO‐34) in sequential adsorption columns with alternating adsorption and desorption steps allows butanol to be recovered in unpreceded purity and yield. A butanol purity of 99.7 mol % could be obtained at nearly complete butanol recovery, demonstrating the effectiveness of this technique for biobutanol separation processes.
Silicon Photoanodes Partially Covered by Ni@Ni(OH)2 Core–Shell Particles for Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation
Authors: Xu Guangzhou , Xu Zhe , Shi Zhan , Pei Lang , Yan Shicheng , Gu Zhengbin , Zou Zhigang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTwo obstacles hindering solar energy conversion by photoelectrochemical (PEC) water‐splitting devices are the charge separation and the transport efficiency at the photoanode–electrolyte interface region. Herein, core–shell‐structured Ni@Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles were electrodeposited on the surface of an n‐type Si photoanode. The Schottky barrier between Ni and Si is sensitive to the thickness of the Ni(OH)2 shell. The photovoltage output of the photoanode increases with increasing thickness of the Ni(OH)2 shell, and is influenced by interactions between Ni and Ni(OH)2, the electrolyte screening effect, and the p‐type nature of the Ni(OH)2 layer. Ni@Ni(OH)2 core–shell nanoparticles with appropriate shell thicknesses coupled to n‐type Si photoanodes promote the separation of photogenerated carriers and improve the charge‐injection efficiency to nearly 100 %. An onset potential of 1.03 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a saturated current density of 36.4 mA cm−2 was obtained for the assembly.
Boosting the Supercapacitance of Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon by Tuning Surface Functionalities
Authors: Biemolt Jasper , Denekamp Ilse M. , Slot Thierry K. , Rothenberg Gadi , Eisenberg David 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe specific capacitance of a highly porous, nitrogen‐doped carbon is nearly tripled by orthogonal optimization of the microstructure and surface chemistry. First, the carbons’ hierarchical pore structure and specific surface area were tweaked by controlling the temperature and sequence of the thermal treatments. The best process (pyrolysis at 900 °C, washing, and subsequent annealing at 1000 °C) yielded a carbon with a specific capacitance of 117 F g−1—nearly double that of a carbon made by a typical single‐step synthesis at 700 °C. Following the structural optimization, the surface chemistry of the carbons was enriched by applying an oxidation routine based on a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acid in a 1:4 ratio at two different treatment temperatures (0 and 20 °C) and different treatment times. The optimal treatment times were 4 h at 0 °C and only 1 h at 20 °C. Overall, the specific capacitance nearly tripled relative to the original carbon, reaching 168 F g−1. The inherent nitrogen doping of the carbon comes into interplay with the acid‐induced surface functionalization, creating a mixture of oxygen‐ and nitrogen‐oxygen functionalities. The evolution of the surface chemistry was carefully followed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and by N2 sorption porosimetry, revealing stepwise surface functionalization and simultaneous carbon etching. Overall, these processes are responsible for the peak‐shaped capacitance trends in the carbons.
An efficient EAP‐based proxy signature handover authentication scheme for WRANs over TV white space
Authors: Wang Cong , Ma Maode , Zhao Zenghua 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThe wireless regional area networks (WRANs) operates in the very high frequency and ultra high frequency television white space bands regulated by the IEEE 802.22 standard. The IEEE 802.22 standard supports Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)‐based authentication scheme. Due to the participation of a server and the information exchanged between a customer primes equipment and the secondary user base station, it takes around 50 ms to complete a complete EAP authentication that cannot be accepted in a handover procedure in WRANs. In this paper, we propose an EAP‐based proxy signature (EPS) handover authentication scheme for WRANs. The customer primes equipment and secondary user base station accomplish a handover authentication without entailing the server by using the proxy signature. Approved by the logic derivation by Burrows, Abadi, and Needham logic and formal verification by Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications, we can conclude that the proposed EPS scheme can obtain mutual authentication and hold the key secrecy with a strong antiattack ability. Additionally, the performance of the EPS scheme in terms of the authentication delay has been investigated by simulation experiments with the results showing that the EPS scheme is much more efficient in terms of low computation delay and less communication resources required than the security scheme regulated in IEEE 802.22 standard.