bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigação qualitativa em educação: O professor-investigador
Authors: Costa António Pedro , Oliveira Lia 
Published: July 2016

Este texto constitui a nota introdutória ao núcleo temático deste número,dedicado à investigação qualitativa. Nele se discute a investigação qualitativa em educação e sua relação com o movimento do professor-investigador, enquanto profissional reflexivo que problematiza a prática e aprende a partir da análise da mesma, recorrendo a métodos e técnicas variados. Os cinco textos do núcleo, apresentados no 4º Congresso Ibero-Americano em Investigação Qualitativa (CIAIQ2015) no Brasil, e cuja sinopse se apresenta aqui, debruçam-se sobre estudos em contexto de formação, escola, sala de aula e de análise da literatura. Eles mostram de que modo o professorinvestigador se pode tornar um cientista social que usa os resultados do conhecimento produzido para melhorar as aprendizagens dos alunos.
KARAKTERISTIK SOAL UASBN MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA PADA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2008/2009
Authors: Anggraini Deri , Suyata Pujiati 
Published: July 2016

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan karakteristik soal UASBN Bahasa Indonesia di DIY tahun 2008/2009. Perangkat tes ditelaah dari aspek materi, konstruksi, dan bahasa. Analisis kuantitatif berdasarkan teori tes klasik menggunakan <em>MicroCAT Iteman </em>versi 3.00 dan teori tes modern menggunakan <em>MicroCAT Bigsteps </em>versi 2.30. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) secara teoretis, 100% butir soal berkualitas baik dari aspek materi, konstruksi, dan bahasa, (2) secara empiris dengan teori tes klasik<em>, </em>11 butir soal berkualitas baik (22%) dengan rerata tingkat kesukaran 0,759 (mudah), rerata daya beda 0,701 (sangat baik), distribusi respons yang berfungsi 32%, dan indeks reliabilitas 0,933 (handal), (3) secara empiris dengan teori respons butir, 39 butir soal berkualitas baik (78%) dengan rerata tingkat kemampuan peserta 1,92 (tinggi), 49 butir soal cocok<em>,</em> fungsi informasi tes 87,76%, dan 44 butir (89,80%) butir soal dengan tingkat kesukaran sedang, (4) secara teoretis dan empiris, 8 butir soal berkualitas baik (16%), (5) tingkat konsistensi hasil analisis teori tes klasik dan teori respons butir sebesar -0,068 (inkonsisten). <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Kata kunci:</strong> karakteristik soal, UASBN, analisis kualitatif, Iteman, Bigsteps</p>
Klasszikus liberalizmus, demokratizálódás és gazdasági növekedés: hipotézis a Lipset-hipotézisről
Authors: Czeglédi Pál 
Published: July 2016

Ösztönzi-e a gazdasági fejlődés a demokrácia kialakulását, ahogyan azt a Lipset-hipotézisként elhíresült állítás mondja? A tanulmány szerint a Lipset-hipotézis érvényesüléséhez elegendő, ha egy ideológiai és egy technológiai feltétel teljesül. Az ideológiai az, hogy a politikai programalkotó ideológia a klasszikus liberalizmus legyen, amelynek az a sajátossága, hogy a demokráciával szembeni ellenszenvet kombinálja a gazdasági és a polgári szabadság pozitív megítélésével. A technológiai feltétel pedig az, hogy az adott ország technológiai vezető pozícióban legyen, mert ekkor a gondolatok szabad piaca által ösztönzött innováció nélkül nincs gazdasági növekedés. A paneladatokon végzett logit regressziók azt mutatják, hogy a 20. század elejét megelőző időszakban a nagyobb jövedelem növeli a demokratikus irányú átmenet valószínűségét, de utána már nem. A magyarázat az, hogy a Nyugat országaiban a 20. század elejéig fennállt a két feltétel, de a 20. század eleje után potenciálisan demokratizálódó országokra már nem.
Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes: D70, O11, O43
Einsatz wirrfaserverstärkter Duroplaste in thermomechanisch belasteten Strukturbauteilen im Fahrzeugbau
Authors: Treffler René , Dick Thomas , Ladstätter Elisabeth , Fröschl Jürgen 
Published: July 2016

Kurzfassung
Im Vergleich zu metallischen Werkstoffen zeigen faserverstärkte Kunststoffe auch bei einfachen uniaxialen Beanspruchungen ein komplexes viskoelastisches Materialverhalten. Die Werkstoffmodelle sind schwer übertragbar und nur für eng eingeschränkte Werkstoffgruppen gültig. Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert daher anhand von experimentellen Untersuchungen (Zug, Kriech-Erholung, Wöhler Tests) das mechanische Verhalten von carbonfaserverstärkten Sheet Molding Compounds (CF-SMC) in Abhängigkeit von Temperatur, Probendicke und zahlreichen weiteren Einflussfaktoren. Darüber hinaus wird der Fokus auf die Beschreibung des Schwingfestigkeitsverhaltens unter Berücksichtigung der Steifigkeitsdegradation gelegt. Auf Basis umfangreicher Prüfergebnisse werden unterschiedliche Ansätze zur Werkstoffmodellierung vorgestellt und diskutiert.
Bestimmung der Rissanfälligkeit von hochfesten Stählen beim Widerstandspunktschweißen
Authors: Frei Julian , Suwala Hubert , Gumenyuk Andrey , Rethmeier Michael 
Published: July 2016

Kurzfassung
Die stetig zunehmenden Anforderungen an Kraftstoffverbrauch, Schadstoffemission, sowie passive Sicherheit haben die Automobilindustrie vor Herausforderungen gestellt, die nur durch einen konsequenten Einsatz moderner hochfester Stahlwerkstoffe zu bewältigen sind. Obgleich eine generelle Eignung dieser Stähle für das Widerstandspunktschweißen (WPS) gegeben ist, kann es durch verschiedene externe Einflüsse im betrieblichen Umfeld zur Rissbildung in der Schweißverbindung kommen. Der Einfluss dieser Risse auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften ist derzeit nicht hinreichend genau erfasst, so dass häufig die Vorgabe einer rissfreien Schweißverbindung besteht. Die Kenntnis der Rissanfälligkeit der verarbeiteten Materialkombinationen sowie von ungünstigen Schweißparametern ist daher für viele Unternehmen von erheblicher wirtschaftlicher Bedeutung. Im Rahmen des FOSTA Projekts P921 „Entwicklung eines Verfahrens zur Bestimmung der Rissanfälligkeit von hochfesten Stählen beim Widerstandspunktschweißen“ wurde ein Ansatz zur Bestimmung der Rissanfälligkeit von WPS-Verbindungen hochfester Stähle entwickelt. Mittels einer hydraulischen Vorrichtung unter Zugbelastung wurden geschweißte, rissbehaftete Proben optisch ausgewertet. Das Verfahren ist geeignet, um ein Werkstoffranking bezüglich der Rissanfälligkeit beim Widerstandspunktschweißen für Werkstoffe aufzustellen.
Modeling and optimization of CNC milling of AISI 1050 steel by a regression based differential evolution algorithm (DEA)
Authors: Esme Ugur , Kulekci Mustafa Kemal , Ustun Deniz , Buldum Barış , Kazançoğlu Yigit , Ocalır Seref 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The present study is aimed at finding an optimization strategy for the CNC pocket milling process based on regression analysis including differential evolution algorithm (DEA). Milling parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut have been designed using rotatable central composite design (CCD). The AISI 1050 medium carbon steel has been machined by a high speed steel (HSS) flat end cutter tool with 8 mm diameter using the zig-zag cutting path strategy under air flow condition. The influence of milling parameters has been examined. The model for the surface roughness, as a function of milling parameters, has been obtained using the response surface methodology (RSM). Also, the power and adequacy of the quadratic mathematical model have been proved by analysis of variance (ANOVA) method. Finally, the process design parameters have been optimized based on surface roughness using bio-inspired optimization algorithm, called differential evolution algorithm (DEA). The enhanced method proposed in this study can be readily applied to different metal cutting processes with greater and faster reliability.
Book Reviews
Authors: Longhurst James , Dwyer Sheila , Lennon John , Chen Zhenhua , Volti Rudi , Balachandran Gopalan , Gephardt Katarina , Flonneau Mathieu , Shelton Kyle , Wilkie Fiona 
Published: July 2016

Book ReviewsPeter Cox, ed. Cycling Cultures (Chester, UK: University of Chester, 2015) - James LonghurstDaniel Owen Spence, Colonial Naval Culture and British Imperialism, 1922–67 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2015) - Sheila DwyerColin Divall, ed., Cultural Histories of Sociabilities, Spaces and Mobilities (London: Pickering and Chatto, 2015) - John LennonChristopher Kopper and Massimo Moraglio, eds., Th e Organization of Transport: A History of Users, Industry, and Public Policy (New York: Routledge, 2014) - Zhenhua ChenPaul Ingrassia, Engines of Change: A History of the American Dream in Fifteen Cars (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2012) - Rudi VoltiHagar Kotef, Movement and the Ordering of Freedom: On Liberal Governances of Mobility (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2015) - Gopalan BalachandranBernd Stiegler, Traveling in Place: A History of Armchair Travel. Trans. Peter Filkins. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010) - Katarina GephardtThomas Buhler, Déplacements urbains: sortir de l’orthodoxie. Plaidoyer pour une prise en compte des habitudes (Lausanne: Presses Polytechniques et Universitaires Romandes, 2015) - Mathieu FlonneauRuth A. Miller, Snarl: In Defense of Stalled Traffi c and Faulty Networks (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2015) - Kyle SheltonNovel ReviewEmily St. John Mandel, Station Eleven (London: Picador, 2014) - Fiona Wilkie
PROPLYDS AROUND A B1 STAR: 42 ORIONIS IN NGC 1977
Authors: Kim Jinyoung Serena , Clarke Cathie J. , Fang Min , Facchini Stefano 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
We present the discovery of seven new proplyds (i.e., sources surrounded by cometary Hα emission characteristic of offset ionization fronts (IFs)) in NGC 1977, located about 30′ north of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) at a distance of ∼400 pc. Each of these proplyds is situated at projected distances 0.04–0.27 pc from the B1V star 42 Orionis (c Ori), which is the main source of UV photons in the region. In all cases the IFs of the proplyds are clearly pointing toward the common ionizing source, 42 Ori, and six of the seven proplyds clearly show tails pointing away from it. These are the first proplyds to be found around a B star, with previously known examples instead being located around O stars, including those in the ONC around θ
1 Ori C. The radii of the offset IFs in our proplyds are between ∼200 and 550 au; two objects also contain clearly resolved central sources that we associate with disks of radii 50–70 au. The estimated strength of the FUV radiation field impinging on the proplyds is around 10–30 times less than that incident on the classic proplyds in the ONC. We show that the observed proplyd sizes are however consistent with recent models for FUV photoevaporation in relatively weak FUV radiation fields.
Le « dispositif Decroly », un levier éducatif pour réformer la société (Belgique 1900-1930)
Authors: Wagnon Sylvain 
Published: July 2016

À partir des archives privées du pédagogue belge Ovide Decroly (1871-1932), figure de l’éducation nouvelle, cette contribution explore la manière dont ce pédagogue a pensé et élaboré des espaces éducatifs dans et hors l’école. Cet article montre que si ce pédagogue belge est devenu célèbre pour avoir fondé plusieurs écoles, il fut avant tout l’organisateur et l’administrateur d’espaces éducatifs non scolaires (orphelinats, communautés d’enfants, fermes-école). L’histoire de cet ensemble d’établissements « decrolyens » permet de mettre en lumière le rôle des éducateurs qui forment une « sphère decroyenne » mais aussi en quoi ces espaces éducatifs se voulaient préparer une société refondée.
Des livres pour “entraîner dans la voie de l’éducation nouvelle” : la collection « Éducation » des éditions Flammarion (1928-1938)
Authors: Boulaire Cécile 
Published: July 2016

De 1928 à 1933, Paul Faucher dirige chez Flammarion la collection « Éducation », qui entend promouvoir l’éducation nouvelle par la traduction d’ouvrages scientifiques majeurs, à destination du grand public. Mais la collection peine à trouver son allure comme son public, et se solde par un relatif échec. L’article envisage cette aventure éditoriale au sein d’un ensemble plus large d’actions militantes, qui permettront notamment la naissance de la fameuse collection progressiste pour enfants « Les Albums du Père Castor » en 1931.
La documentation au cœur de la réorganisation de la chimie dans l’entre-deux-guerres : Rôle des sociétés savantes et institutions françaises dans le contexte international
Authors: Fauque Danielle 
Published: July 2016

Le développement considérable des connaissances au tournant du xx e siècle a rendu leur organisation impérative. Une réponse a été apportée par l’Institut international de bibliographie (IIB), créé en 1895 par Paul Otlet à Bruxelles ; il proposait un système de classification décimale universelle pour organiser la documentation dans chaque branche du savoir humain. En chimie, compte tenu de l’augmentation exponentielle du nombre de substances découvertes, leurs débouchés industriels rendaient encore plus cruciale une recension raisonnée de l’information, demandée par le monde de la production et du commerce comme par le monde académique, exigence d’autant plus vive dans un contexte de lutte économique au lendemain de la Grande Guerre. Mais, pour la France, une initiative, née de la guerre, a eu un développement international : l’Office international de chimie, intégré plus tard au Centre de documentation chimique abrité dans une Maison de la Chimie concrétisée, grâce à des souscriptions, lors de la célébration du centenaire de la naissance de Marcellin Berthelot, en 1927. Ce concept d’office fut d’abord porté par la Société de chimie industrielle (SCI), puis inscrit dans les premiers statuts de la jeune Union internationale de la chimie pure et appliquée (aujourd’hui IUPAC) en 1919. Il a ensuite été mis en œuvre jusqu’à aboutissement complet par un homme, Jean Gérard. Le centre de documentation de la Maison de la Chimie était un des organes les plus novateurs dans l’entre-deux-guerres dans ce domaine. Cet article veut développer certains des aspects de cette dynamique de réorganisation du champ de la chimie au sortir de la première guerre mondiale.
Albin Haller, chimie et politique (1918-1925)
Authors: Langlinay Erik 
Published: July 2016

De 1918 à 1925, Albin Haller, professeur de chimie organique à la Sorbonne et directeur de l’École municipale de physique et de chimie industrielles de la ville de Paris (EMPCI), va développer une activité intense dans une double direction : la reconstitution d’une communauté scientifique internationale qui prolongerait la victoire et le développement de l’enseignement de la chimie en France. Ses deux buts, largement basés sur des considérations nationalistes, se heurtent aux tensions entre Alliés après la signature du traité de Versailles et à la faiblesse des moyens de l’État français dévolus à l’enseignement supérieur après la première guerre mondiale.
La gestión de equipos de trabajo y productos radiofónicos en las radios universitarias
Authors: García-González Isabel M. , Robles-Andreu Carmen , Correyero-Ruiz Beatriz 
Published: July 2016

El aprendizaje cooperativo y colaborativo están sustituyendo en las universidades a los modelos educacionales de trabajo en grupo que se conocían hasta ahora colocando al alumno en centro de su propia formación como un actor más en los procesos de adquisición de competencias, sirviendo las radios universitarias como laboratorios de experimentación para ello. Metodología: En esta investigación se realiza un análisis de todos los procesos de trabajo que se desarrollan en iradioUCAM, la radio Universitaria de la Universidad Católica de Murcia, comprendidos desde la puesta en marcha de una nueva temporada hasta la finalización de ésta según los criterios definitorios del aprendizaje cooperativo y colaborativo. Resultados: La aplicación de la metodología nos permite identificar cuatro fases de trabajo secuenciales diferenciadas según: acotación temporal, procesos desarrollados, objetivos a alcanzar y tipo de aprendizaje empleado. Discusión: los resultados obtenidos evidencian que en el proceso necesario para desarrollar los productos finales incluidos en su parrilla de programación, utilizan técnicas y herramientas tanto del aprendizaje cooperativo como del colaborativo. Conclusiones: iradioUCAM ha generado su propio modelo de gestión de radio universitaria que, mejorado y adaptado, puede servir como pauta no solo a otras radios universitarias sino también a otros escenarios formativos en los que recrear realidades profesionales.
Direct Gravitational Search Algorithm for Global Optimisation Problems
Authors: Ali Ahmed F. , Tawhid Mohamed A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA gravitational search algorithm (GSA) is a meta-heuristic development that is modelled on the Newtonian law of gravity and mass interaction. Here we propose a new hybrid algorithm called the Direct Gravitational Search Algorithm (DGSA), which combines a GSA that can perform a wide exploration and deep exploitation with the Nelder-Mead method, as a promising direct method capable of an intensification search. The main drawback of a meta-heuristic algorithm is slow convergence, but in our DGSA the standard GSA is run for a number of iterations before the best solution obtained is passed to the Nelder-Mead method to refine it and avoid running iterations that provide negligible further improvement. We test the DGSA on 7 benchmark integer functions and 10 benchmark minimax functions to compare the performance against 9 other algorithms, and the numerical results show the optimal or near optimal solution is obtained faster.
Global combustion sources of organic aerosols: model comparison with 84 AMS factor-analysis data sets
Authors: Tsimpidi Alexandra P. , Karydis Vlassis A. , Pandis Spyros N. , Lelieveld Jos 
Published: July 2016

Abstract. Emissions of organic compounds from biomass, biofuel, and fossil fuel combustion strongly influence the global atmospheric aerosol load. Some of the organics are directly released as primary organic aerosol (POA). Most are emitted in the gas phase and undergo chemical transformations (i.e., oxidation by hydroxyl radical) and form secondary organic aerosol (SOA). In this work we use the global chemistry climate model ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) with a computationally efficient module for the description of organic aerosol (OA) composition and evolution in the atmosphere (ORACLE). The tropospheric burden of open biomass and anthropogenic (fossil and biofuel) combustion particles is estimated to be 0.59 and 0.63 Tg, respectively, accounting for about 30 and 32 % of the total tropospheric OA load. About 30 % of the open biomass burning and 10 % of the anthropogenic combustion aerosols originate from direct particle emissions, whereas the rest is formed in the atmosphere. A comprehensive data set of aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) measurements along with factor-analysis results from 84 field campaigns across the Northern Hemisphere are used to evaluate the model results. Both the AMS observations and the model results suggest that over urban areas both POA (25–40 %) and SOA (60–75 %) contribute substantially to the overall OA mass, whereas further downwind and in rural areas the POA concentrations decrease substantially and SOA dominates (80–85 %). EMAC does a reasonable job in reproducing POA and SOA levels during most of the year. However, it tends to underpredict POA and SOA concentrations during winter indicating that the model misses wintertime sources of OA (e.g., residential biofuel use) and SOA formation pathways (e.g., multiphase oxidation).
4-D-VAR assimilation of disdrometer data and radar spectral reflectivities for raindrop size distribution and vertical wind retrievals
Authors: Mercier François , Chazottes Aymeric , Barthès Laurent , Mallet Cécile 
Published: July 2016

Abstract. This paper presents a novel framework for retrieving the vertical raindrop size distribution (DSD) and vertical wind profiles during light rain events. This is also intended as a tool to better characterize rainfall microphysical processes. It consists in coupling K band Doppler spectra and ground disdrometer measurements (raindrop fluxes) in a 2-D numerical model propagating the DSD from the clouds to the ground level. The coupling is done via a 4-D-VAR data assimilation algorithm. As a first step, in this paper, the dynamical model and the geometry of the problem are quite simple. They do not allow the complexity implied by all rain microphysical processes to be encompassed (evaporation, coalescence breakup and horizontal air motion are not taken into account). In the end, the model is limited to the fall of droplets under gravity, modulated by the effects of vertical winds. The framework is thus illustrated with light, stratiform rain events. We firstly use simulated data sets (data assimilation twin experiment) to show that the algorithm is able to retrieve the DSD profiles and vertical winds. It also demonstrates the ability of the algorithm to deal with the atmospheric turbulence (broadening of the Doppler spectra) and the instrumental noise. The method is then applied to a real case study which was conducted in the southwest of France during the autumn 2013. The data set collected during a long, quiet event (6 h duration, rain rate between 2 and 7 mm h−1) comes from an optical disdrometer and a 24 GHz vertically pointing Doppler radar. We show that the algorithm is able to reproduce the observations and retrieve realistic DSD and vertical wind profiles, when compared to what could be expected for such a rain event. A goal for this study is to apply it to extended data sets for a validation with independent data, which could not be done with our limited 2013 data. Other data sets would also help to parameterize more processes needed in the model (evaporation, coalescence/breakup) to apply the algorithm to convective rain and to evaluate the adequacy of the model's parameterization.
A reduced-complexity model for sediment transport and step-pool morphology
Authors: Saletti Matteo , Molnar Peter , Hassan Marwan A. , Burlando Paolo 
Published: July 2016

Abstract. A new particle-based reduced-complexity model to simulate sediment transport and channel morphology in steep streams in presented. The model CAST (Cellular Automaton Sediment Transport) contains phenomenological parameterizations, deterministic or stochastic, of sediment supply, bed load transport, and particle entrainment and deposition in a cellular-automaton space with uniform grain size. The model reproduces a realistic bed morphology and typical fluctuations in transport rates observed in steep channels. Particle hop distances, from entrainment to deposition, are well fitted by exponential distributions, in agreement with field data. The effect of stochasticity in both the entrainment and the input rate is shown. A stochastic parameterization of the entrainment is essential to create and maintain a realistic channel morphology, while the intermittent transport of grains in CAST shreds the input signal and its stochastic variability. A jamming routine has been added to CAST to simulate the grain–grain and grain–bed interactions that lead to particle jamming and step formation in a step-pool stream. The results show that jamming is effective in generating steps in unsteady conditions. Steps are created during high-flow periods and they survive during low flows only in sediment-starved conditions, in agreement with the jammed-state hypothesis of Church and Zimmermann (2007). Reduced-complexity models like CAST give new insights into the dynamics of complex phenomena such as sediment transport and bedform stability and are a useful complement to fully physically based models to test research hypotheses.