bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causal effects of cardiovascular health on five epigenetic clocks
Authors: Sung Hsien-Liang , Lin Wan-Yu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis work delves into the relationship between cardiovascular health (CVH) and aging. Previous studies have shown an association of ideal CVH with a slower aging rate, measured by epigenetic age acceleration (EAA). However, the causal relationship between CVH and EAA has remained unexplored.Methods and resultsWe performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on the (12-point) CVH score and its components using the Taiwan Biobank data, in which weighted genetic risk scores were treated as instrumental variables. Subsequently, we conducted a one-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis with the two-stage least-squares method on 2383 participants to examine the causal relationship between the (12-point) CVH score and EAA. As a result, we observed a significant causal effect of the CVH score on GrimAge acceleration (GrimEAA) (β[SE]: − 0.993 [0.363] year;p = 0.0063) and DNA methylation-based plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (DNAmPAI-1) (β [SE]: − 0.294 [0.099] standard deviation (sd) of DNAmPAI-1;p = 0.0030). Digging individual CVH components in depth, the ideal total cholesterol score (0 [poor], 1 [intermediate], or 2 [ideal]) was causally associated with DNAmPAI-1 (β[SE]: − 0.452 [0.150] sd of DNAmPAI-1; false discovery rate [FDR]q = 0.0102). The ideal body mass index (BMI) score was causally associated with GrimEAA (β [SE]: − 2.382 [0.952] years; FDRq = 0.0498) and DunedinPACE (β[SE]: − 0.097 [0.030]; FDRq = 0.0044). We also performed a two-sample MR analysis using the summary statistics from European GWAS. We observed that the (12-point) CVH score exhibits a significant causal effect on Horvath’s intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (β[SE]: − 0.389 [0.186] years;p = 0.036) and GrimEAA (β [SE]: − 0.526 [0.244] years;p = 0.031). Furthermore, we detected causal effects of BMI (β[SE]: 0.599 [0.081] years;q = 2.91E-12), never smoking (β[SE]: − 2.981 [0.524] years;q = 1.63E-7), walking (β[SE]: − 4.313 [1.236] years;q = 0.004), and dried fruit intake (β[SE]: − 1.523 [0.504] years;q = 0.013) on GrimEAA in the European population.ConclusionsOur research confirms the causal link between maintaining an ideal CVH and epigenetic age. It provides a tangible pathway for individuals to improve their health and potentially slow aging.
A practical risk stratification system based on ultrasonography and clinical characteristics for predicting the malignancy of soft tissue masses
Authors: Zhang Ying-Lun , Wu Meng-Jie , Hu Yu , Peng Xiao-Jing , Ma Qian , Mao Cui-Lian , Dong Ye , Wei Zong-Kai , Gao Ying-Qian , Yao Qi-Yu , Yao Jing , Ye Xin-Hua , Li Ju-Ming , Li Ao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objective
To establish a practical risk stratification system (RSS) based on ultrasonography (US) and clinical characteristics for predicting soft tissue masses (STMs) malignancy.

Methods
This retrospective multicenter study included patients with STMs who underwent US and pathological examinations between April 2018 and April 2023. Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association of US and clinical characteristics with the malignancy of STMs in the training set. The RSS was constructed based on the scores of risk factors and validated externally.

Results
The training and validation sets included 1027 STMs (mean age, 50.90 ± 16.64, 442 benign and 585 malignant) and 120 STMs (mean age, 51.93 ± 17.90, 69 benign and 51 malignant), respectively. The RSS was constructed based on three clinical characteristics (age, duration, and history of malignancy) and six US characteristics (size, shape, margin, echogenicity, bone invasion, and vascularity). STMs were assigned to six categories in the RSS, including no abnormal findings, benign, probably benign (fitted probabilities [FP] for malignancy: 0.001–0.008), low suspicion (FP: 0.008–0.365), moderate suspicion (FP: 0.189–0.911), and high suspicion (FP: 0.798–0.999) for malignancy. The RSS displayed good diagnostic performance in the training and validation sets with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of 0.883 and 0.849, respectively.

Conclusion
The practical RSS based on US and clinical characteristics could be useful for predicting STM malignancy, thereby providing the benefit of timely treatment strategy management to STM patients.

Critical relevance statement
With the help of the RSS, better communication between radiologists and clinicians can be realized, thus facilitating tumor management.

Key Points

There is no recognized grading system for STM management.

A stratification system based on US and clinical features was built.

The system realized great communication between radiologists and clinicians in tumor management.

Graphical Abstract
LINC01197 inhibits influenza A virus replication by serving as a PABPC1 decoy
Authors: Wang Yihe , Shi Ning , Zhang Hansi , Luo Jinna , Yan Hongjian , Hou Huiyan , Guan Zhenhong , Zhao Lili , Duan Ming 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInfluenza A viruses (IAVs) significantly impact animal and human health due to their zoonotic potential. A growing body of evidence indicates that the host’s long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating host–virus interactions during IAV infection. However, numerous lncRNAs associated with IAV infection have not been well characterised. Here, in this study, we identify the LINC01197 as an antiviral host factor. LINC01197 was significantly upregulated after IAV infection, which is controlled by the NF-κB pathway. Functional analysis revealed that overexpression of LINC01197 inhibited IAV replication and virus production, while knockdown of LINC01197 facilitated IAV replication. Mechanistically, LINC01197 directly interacts with poly(A) binding protein cytoplasmic 1 (PABPC1), which in turn sequesters and restricts its functions. This work shows that LINC01197 acts as a protein decoy, suppressing IAV replication and playing a key role in controlling IAV replication.
Interpersonal and individual effects of an app-based Christian and Islamic heart meditation intervention in healthy adults: protocol of a stratified randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ng Chung Fei , Farias Miguel , Brazil Inti A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The academic development and widespread adoption of meditation practices for well-being and therapy have predominantly focused on secularised adaptations of Buddhist and Hindu techniques. This study aims to expand the field by investigating Christian and Islamic meditation that emphasize the spiritual significance of the heart through elements of visualisation and recitation. It compares the effects of spiritual heart-centred meditation with mindfulness meditation and a waitlist control, focusing on dimensions of social functioning, psychophysiology, cognition, and mental health.

Method
This study employs a stratified 3-arm randomised controlled method with mixed-method repeated measures across three assessment time points: before intervention (T1), after an 8-week intervention (T2), and at a 3-month follow up (T3). The three conditions include spiritual meditation (either Christian or Islamic), mindfulness meditation (Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction – MBSR), and a waitlist. Participants will be stratified into Christian and Muslim samples and randomly allocated to the spiritual meditation, MBSR, or waitlist control conditions. Importantly, participants assigned to the spiritual meditation condition will be matched to the spiritual meditation program corresponding to their religion. The intervention will be administered through a mobile phone app with daily 20-minute guided meditation sessions for eight weeks. Primary outcomes pertain to the domain of interpersonal functioning, focusing on prosociality, forgiveness, empathy, and perspective taking. Secondary outcomes include physiology: pain tolerance, pain intensity, stress reactivity assessed via heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), psychophysiological reactivity associated with a forgiveness task as measured through HR and HRV, attention (alerting, orienting, and executive attention networks), and mental health (stress, depression, anxiety, subjective well-being, positive and negative affect).

Discussion
This trial aims to test the effects of an app-based Christian and Islamic meditation, compared to secular mindfulness and a waitlist, using a randomised controlled trial. If the results yield positive outcomes, this study will support the efficacy of these contemplations, offering practitioners a way to enhance their well-being within their religious framework.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06136676. Registered on 18 November 2023.
https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06136676.
Single-cell sequencing to multi-omics: technologies and applications
Authors: Wu Xiangyu , Yang Xin , Dai Yunhan , Zhao Zihan , Zhu Junmeng , Guo Hongqian , Yang Rong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCells, as the fundamental units of life, contain multidimensional spatiotemporal information. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is revolutionizing biomedical science by analyzing cellular state and intercellular heterogeneity. Undoubtedly, single-cell transcriptomics has emerged as one of the most vibrant research fields today. With the optimization and innovation of single-cell sequencing technologies, the intricate multidimensional details concealed within cells are gradually unveiled. The combination of scRNA-seq and other multi-omics is at the forefront of the single-cell field. This involves simultaneously measuring various omics data within individual cells, expanding our understanding across a broader spectrum of dimensions. Single-cell multi-omics precisely captures the multidimensional aspects of single-cell transcriptomes, immune repertoire, spatial information, temporal information, epitopes, and other omics in diverse spatiotemporal contexts. In addition to depicting the cell atlas of normal or diseased tissues, it also provides a cornerstone for studying cell differentiation and development patterns, disease heterogeneity, drug resistance mechanisms, and treatment strategies. Herein, we review traditional single-cell sequencing technologies and outline the latest advancements in single-cell multi-omics. We summarize the current status and challenges of applying single-cell multi-omics technologies to biological research and clinical applications. Finally, we discuss the limitations and challenges of single-cell multi-omics and potential strategies to address them.
Recent biotechnological applications of value-added bioactive compounds from microalgae and seaweeds
Authors: Eladl Salma N. , Elnabawy Aya M. , Eltanahy Eladl G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMicroalgae and seaweed have been consumed as food for several decades to combat starvation and food shortages worldwide. The most famous edible microalgae species are Nostoc, Spirulina, and Aphanizomenon, in addition to seaweeds, which are used in traditional medicine and food, such as Nori, which is one of the most popular foods containing Pyropia alga as a major ingredient. Recently, many applications use algae-derived polysaccharides such as agar, alginate, carrageenan, cellulose, fucoidan, mannan, laminarin, ulvan, and xylan as gelling agents in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics industries. Moreover, pigments (carotenoids particularly astaxanthins, chlorophylls, and phycobilins), minerals, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, peptides, proteins, polyphenols, and diterpenes compounds are accumulated under specific cultivation and stress conditions in the algal cells to be harvested and their biomass used as a feedstock for the relevant industries and applications. No less critical is the use of algae in bioremediation, thus contributing significantly to environmental sustainability.This review will explore and discuss the various applications of microalgae and seaweeds, emphasising their role in bioremediation, recent products with algal added-value compounds that are now on the market, and novel under-developing applications such as bioplastics and nanoparticle production. Nonetheless, special attention is also drawn towards the limitations of these applications and the technologies applied, and how they may be overcome.
Neighborhood predictors of suicide and firearm suicide in Detroit, Michigan
Authors: Smirniotis Colette , Pear Veronica A. , Kagawa Rose M. C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States with rates increasing over the past two decades. The rate of suicide is higher in rural areas, but a greater number of people in urban areas die by suicide; understanding risk factors for suicide in this context is critically important to public health. Additionally, while many studies have focused on individual-level risk factors, few studies have identified social or structural features associated with suicide or firearm suicide, especially among young people.

Methods
Study outcomes included total firearm suicide, total youth (age 10–29) firearm suicide, total suicide, and total youth suicide in Detroit, Michigan from 2012 through 2019. The predictors in this study included 58 census-tract level variables characterizing the physical features, residential stability, socioeconomic status, and demographics of neighborhoods in Detroit over the study period. We used random forest, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and generalized linear mixed models to predict the four outcomes.

Results
We found that the tract-level variables used in all three modeling approaches performed poorly at predicting the suicide outcomes, with area under the curve values at times exceeding 0.60 but with extremely low sensitivity (ranging from 0.05 to 0.45). However, the percentage of parcels sold in arms-length transfers in the previous 5 years, the count of vacant lots per square mile, and the percentage of children aged three and older who were enrolled in preschool each demonstrated associations with at least two of the outcomes studied.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest place-based factors at the tract level do not provide meaningful insight into the risk of suicide or firearm suicide among youth or the general population in Detroit, Michigan. Future practice and study should consider focusing on both larger and smaller areas, including city and individual-level factors. For example, studies might benefit from the use of both neighborhood and individual-level measures and their interactions to improve our understanding of place-based risk factors and suicide risk.
Multiomic biomarkers after cardiac arrest
Authors: Stopa Victoria , Lileikyte Gabriele , Bakochi Anahita , Agarwal Prasoon , Beske Rasmus , Stammet Pascal , Hassager Christian , Årman Filip , Nielsen Niklas , Devaux Yvan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCardiac arrest is a sudden cessation of heart function, leading to an abrupt loss of blood flow and oxygen to vital organs. This life-threatening emergency requires immediate medical intervention and can lead to severe neurological injury or death. Methods and biomarkers to predict neurological outcome are available but lack accuracy. Such methods would allow personalizing healthcare and help clinical decisions. Extensive research has been conducted to identify prognostic omic biomarkers of cardiac arrest. With the emergence of technologies allowing to combine different levels of omics data, and with the help of artificial intelligence and machine learning, there is a potential to use multiomic signatures as prognostic biomarkers after cardiac arrest. This review article delves into the current knowledge of cardiac arrest biomarkers across various omic fields and suggests directions for future research aiming to integrate multiple omics data layers to improve outcome prediction and cardiac arrest patient’s care.
Influence of loop diuretics on denosumab-induced hypocalcaemia in osteoporosis: a retrospective observational analysis
Authors: Hirai Toshinori , Mori Yukari , Ogura Toru , Kondo Yuki , Sakazaki Yuka , Ishitsuka Yoichi , Sudo Akihiro , Iwamoto Takuya 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
We examined whether denosumab-induced hypocalcaemia is evident in osteoporosis when given loop diuretics that promote urinary calcium excretion.

Methods
Japanese Spontaneous Adverse Drug Event Reports was analyzed to examine signals for denosumab-induced hypocalcaemia co-administered loop diuretics. We retrospectively included osteoporotic patients to detect predictors for denosumab-induced hypocalcaemia (corrected calcium level < 8.5 mg/dL) using multivariate logistic regression analysis. We compared differences in corrected calcium levels (ΔCa = nadir-baseline).

Results
A significant signal for hypocalcaemia was detected (Reporting odds ratio = 865.8, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 596.8 to 1255.9, p < 0.0001). Among 164 patients (hypocalcaemia, 12%), loop diuretics have a significant association with hypocalcaemia (odds ratio [OR] = 6.410, 95% CI: 1.005 to 40.90, p = 0.0494). However, hypocalcaemia was found to be lower in high corrected calcium levels at baseline (OR = 0.032, 95% CI: 0.005 to 0.209, p < 0.0001) and calcium and vitamin D supplementation (OR = 0.285, 95% CI: 0.094 to 0.868, p = 0.0270). In the non-hypocalcaemia, ΔCa decreased significantly in the denosumab plus loop diuretics than in the denosumab alone (-0.9 [-1.3 to -0.7] mg/dL vs. -0.5 [-0.8 to -0.3] mg/dL, p = 0.0156). However, ΔCa remained comparable in the hypocalcaemia despite loop diuretics co-administration (-1.0 [-1.2 to -0.8] mg/dL vs. -0.8 [-1.5 to -0.7] mg/dL, p = 0.7904).

Conclusions
Loop diuretics may predispose to developing denosumab-induced hypocalcaemia.
On-water Rowing Biomechanical Assessment: A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: Legge Natalie , Draper Conny , Slattery Katie , O’Meara Damien , Watsford Mark 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Biomechanical parameters can distinguish a skilled rower from a less skilled rower and can provide coaches with meaningful feedback and objective evidence to inform coaching practices on rowing technique. Therefore, it is critical to understand which technical characteristics can be related to the fundamental rowing performance indicators. The aim of this systematic scoping review was to describe the current focus and density of rowing biomechanics research specific to on-water rowing and provide a guide for practitioners and researchers on future directions for on-water rowing biomechanics research.

Methods
All peer-reviewed publications involving the on-water assessment of rowing biomechanics were reviewed from four databases (SPORTDiscus, PubMed, Sage online journals, and Web of Science). Search results returned 1659 records, of which 27 studies met the inclusion criteria for the review.

Results
All reported variables were collated and summarised according to the three main measurements of basic mechanics: time, space and force. Study characteristics were collated to provide a descriptive overview of the literature. The main categorical variables included time, distance, velocity, acceleration, force, power and crew synchrony.

Conclusion
Data extraction revealed gate force, horizontal oar angle and boat velocity as the most reported variables with numerous subcategories of metrics within each measure. A framework to help guide and standardise on-water rowing biomechanical assessment and the establishment of standards for environmental data collection could help guide practitioners and researchers in the on-water rowing environment. This scoping review was registered on the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/8q5vw/).
Talking back to white Italy: unpacking the knot of racism, colonialism and feminism from the perspective of Black asylum-seeking and refugee women
Authors: Samnick Yvette , Michelis Ilaria 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe relationship between feminist movements and racialised migrant women in Europe remains marred by the continued marginalisation of migrant women’s political claims in feminist struggles, despite the circulation of intersectional discourses within academic and activist circles. This article documents important spaces of experimentation which Black activists are creating within the Italian feminist movement to give voice to racialised migrant women without the mediating intervention of white feminists. Rooted in an understanding of the margins as a site of resistance, such efforts engage in practices of refusal and talking back to reclaim a Black epistemic identity which powerfully interpellates Italian institutions and feminist activists. Black migrant women demand the recognition not only of their inherent capacity to speak, act, decide, but also of their ability to articulate a political analysis and a political project to challenge the intersectional discrimination and violence they face. Their struggle centres work as a site of compounding gendered and racialised exploitation, thus carrying the potential to expand feminist thinking and action on reproductive labour, labour participation and equal pay.
Challenges in the diagnosis of anti-NMDAR disease in a young male patient: a case report
Authors: Abd El Hamid Nouran Alaa , Baghdady Sumaya , Baghdadi Michael , Rizkallah Mina , Soliman Nourhan A. , Nawito Amani M. , Kishk Nirmeen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune disorder that is increasingly recognized as an important cause of autoimmune encephalitis. It is especially important to consider, because its symptoms can be severe, yet potentially treatable. The best outcome depends on prompt immunotherapy and complete tumor removal if present. Its diverse presentations often cause delay in its diagnosis and treatment.

Case presentation
We describe here a 15-year-old male who developed anti-NMDA encephalitis that was a particular challenge to diagnose. The course of his disease was also complicated with sinus thrombosis. He received immunotherapy in the form of IV steroids, plasma exchange, IVIG and finally rituximab together with anticoagulation resulting in complete improvement in his condition.

Conclusions
Anti-NMDAR disease should be suspected in any young individual who develops encephalopathy associated with seizures, psychiatric symptoms and/or movement disorders. Identification of NMDAR antibodies confirms the diagnosis and should prompt early intervention with immunotherapy and neoplastic workup.
Vertebral artery dissection from etiopathogenesis to management therapy: a narrative review with neuroimaging’s case illustration
Authors: Amran Muhammad Yunus , Hawari Irbab , La’biran Fitri Jafani , Gunadi Siti Giranti Ardilia , Muslich Lisa Tenriesa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractVertebral artery dissection is one of the causes of stroke and transient ischemic attack in young adults, with an incidence rate of 1.0–1.1 per 100,000 people. Vertebral artery dissection occurs due to a tear in the vertebral artery wall, which results in blood flow entering the blood vessel wall. The etiology of vertebral artery dissection is very diverse, which can be classified as intrinsic (such as anatomical abnormalities of the blood vessels) or extrinsic (such as trauma), and there are several rarer causes. The most frequent clinical manifestations include stroke, transient ischemic attack, neck pain, headaches, and vertigo. Management in this case comprises treatment according to symptoms in the form of intravenous thrombolysis, administering antithrombotic drugs, and endovascular therapy.