bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechano‐Morphological Characterization of Polyethylene‐Glycol Based Polyurethane Microgel
Authors: Arzumand Ayesha , Srinivas Shruti , Yuan Yuan , Zhou Chi , Sarkar Debanjan 
Published: July 2016

Segmental polyurethanes (PU) with hydrophilic segments form colloidal dispersions which are ultimately arrested into gel‐like structure in aqueous continuous phase owing to the differential interactions between polymer and solvent. These structural states of amphiphilic PUs evolve hierarchically, but the structure‐function correlation between PU colloidal dispersion and gels is not clear. Here, this correlation is defined from the mechanomorphology of hydrophilic polyethylene glycol based PU which forms dispersions and finally transforms into gel‐structure. Morphological and rheological analyses show that PU with comparable hydrophilic and hydrophobic content forms attractive colloids with self‐similar fractal microstructures whereas PU with increased hydrophilic character forms space‐filling colloids without any defined organization. Furthermore, colloidal dispersions are densified under shear or gravity to form gel where gel mechanics is defined by colloidal particle organization and the morphology is dependent on gelation mode. This stepwise organization of PU colloidal particles into microgel can independently control microgel mechanics and morphology.image
On the geometry of complex ‐spaces
Authors: Yıldırım Handan 
Published: July 2016

It is known that applying an ‐homothetic deformation to a complex contact manifold whose vertical space is annihilated by the curvature yields a condition which is invariant under ‐homothetic deformations. A complex contact manifold satisfying this condition is said to be a complex ‐space.In this paper, we deal with the questions of Bochner, conformal and conharmonic flatness of complex ‐spaces when , and prove that such kind of spaces cannot be Bochner flat, conformally flat or conharmonically flat.
Highly Conductive PEDOT:PSS Films with 1,3‐Dimethyl‐2‐Imidazolidinone as Transparent Electrodes for Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Kim Jin Hee , Joo Chul Woong , Lee Jonghee , Seo Yoon Kyung , Han Joo Won , Oh Ji Yoon , Kim Jong Su , Yu Seunggun , Lee Jae Hyun , Lee Jeong‐Ik , Yun Changhun , Choi Bum Ho , Kim Yong Hyun 
Published: July 2016

Highly conductive poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films as transparent electrodes for organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are doped with a new solvent 1,3‐dimethyl‐2‐imidazolidinone (DMI) and are optimized using solvent post‐treatment. The DMI doped PEDOT:PSS films show significantly enhanced conductivities up to 812.1 S cm−1. The sheet resistance of the PEDOT:PSS films doped with DMI is further reduced by various solvent post‐treatment. The effect of solvent post‐treatment on DMI doped PEDOT:PSS films is investigated and is shown to reduce insulating PSS in the conductive films. The solvent posttreated PEDOT:PSS films are successfully employed as transparent electrodes in white OLEDs. It is shown that the efficiency of OLEDs with the optimized DMI doped PEDOT:PSS films is higher than that of reference OLEDs doped with a conventional solvent (ethylene glycol). The results present that the optimized PEDOT:PSS films with the new solvent of DMI can be a promising transparent electrode for low‐cost, efficient ITO‐free white OLEDs.image
Pterostilbene‐induced changes in gut microbiota composition in relation to obesity
Authors: Etxeberria Usune , Hijona Elizabeth , Aguirre Leixuri , Milagro Fermin I. , Bujanda Luis , Rimando Agnes M. , Martínez José Alfredo , Portillo María P. 
Published: July 2016

ScopeNutritional interventions based on the use of natural bioactive compounds might offer new possibilities for reshaping obesity‐associated bacterial dysregulation or dysbiosis and improving health. We evaluated whether pterostilbene supplementation could induce changes in gut microbiota composition and whether these modifications were associated with improvements in metabolic variables.Methods and resultsZucker (fa/fa) rats were given a standard diet supplemented (n = 10) or not (n = 9) with pterostilbene (15 mg/kg body weight/day) by oral gavage for 6 weeks. Faucal samples at the beginning and at the end of the intervention period were analyzed by Illumina Mi‐Seq sequencing approach. Pterostilbene exerted protective antiobesity effects, improved metabolic function (insulin sensitivity), and induced structural changes in gut microbiota composition. A decrease in the levels of Firmicutes and an increase in Verrucomicrobia phyla were detected in the pterostilbene‐treated group. Bacterial species belonging to genera Akkermansia and Odoribacter were also increased. A strong inverse correlation between Akkermansia muciniphila and body weight was evidenced. Odoribacter splanchnicus showed a negative correlation with adiposity.ConclusionPterostilbene modifies intestinal bacteria composition toward a healthier microbial profile and suggests that the antiobesity effects induced in Zucker rats could be associated with an enrichment of the mucin‐degrading bacterial members, namely Akkermansia and Odoribacter genus.
A note on efficient sequences with respect to total flow time and number of tardy jobs
Authors: Güngör Murat 
Published: July 2016

AbstractFor the single‐machine scheduling problem with the objective of simultaneously minimizing total flow time and number of tardy jobs, a lower bound on the number of efficient sequences is known. However, the proof thereof, which makes use of a modified version of Smith's algorithm, is unduly lengthy and sophisticated. Adopting a totally new point of view, we present in this short article a much simpler proof based on the naive idea of pairwise interchange. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 346–348, 2016
miR‐34a−/− mice are susceptible to diet‐induced obesity
Authors: Lavery Christopher A. , Kurowska‐Stolarska Mariola , Holmes William M. , Donnelly Iona , Caslake Muriel , Collier Andrew , Baker Andrew H. , Miller Ashley M. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveMicroRNA (miR)−34a regulates inflammatory pathways, and increased transcripts have been observed in serum and subcutaneous adipose of subjects who have obesity and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the role of miR‐34a in adipose tissue inflammation and lipid metabolism in murine diet‐induced obesity was investigated.MethodsWild‐type (WT) and miR‐34a−/− mice were fed chow or high‐fat diet (HFD) for 24 weeks. WT and miR‐34a−/− bone marrow‐derived macrophages were cultured in vitro with macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF). Brown and white preadipocytes were cultured from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of intrascapular brown and epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), with rosiglitazone.ResultsHFD‐fed miR‐34a−/− mice were significantly heavier with a greater increase in eWAT weight than WT. miR‐34a−/− eWAT had a smaller adipocyte area, which significantly increased with HFD. miR‐34a−/− eWAT showed basal increases in Cd36, Hmgcr, Lxrα, Pgc1α, and Fasn. miR‐34a−/− intrascapular brown adipose tissue had basal reductions in c/ebpα and c/ebpβ, with in vitro miR‐34a−/− white adipocytes showing increased lipid content. An F4/80high macrophage population was present in HFD miR‐34a−/− eWAT, with increased IL‐10 transcripts and serum IL‐5 protein. Finally, miR‐34a−/− bone marrow‐derived macrophages showed an ablated CXCL1 response to tumor necrosis factor‐α.ConclusionsThese findings suggest a multifactorial role of miR‐34a in controlling susceptibility to obesity, by regulating inflammatory and metabolic pathways.
Nematicity in LaFeAsO1−xFx
Authors: Hess C. , Grafe H. , Kondrat A. , Lang G. , Hammerath F. , Wang L. , Klingeler R. , Behr G. , Büchner B. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractOrbital ordering has recently emerged as another important state in iron‐based superconductors, and its role for superconductivity as well as its connection to magnetic order and orthorhombic lattice distortion are heavily debated. In order to search for signatures of this so‐called nematic phase in oxypnictides, we revisit the normal state properties of the pnictide superconductor LaFeAsO1−x Fx with a focus on resistivity, Nernst effect, thermal expansion, and As nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. The transport properties at the underdoped level exhibit pronounced anomalies at about the same temperature where undoped LaFeAsO develops long‐range nematic ordering, i.e., at about 160 K. Furthermore, the As‐NMR spin‐lattice relaxation rate reveals a progressive slowing down of spin fluctuations. Yet, long‐range magnetic order and also a detectable orthorhombic lattice distortion are absent. Thus, we conclude from the data that short‐range orbital‐nematic ordering or a slowly fluctuating form of it sets in near 160 K. Remarkably, all anomalies in the transport and also the indications of slow spin fluctuations disappear close to optimal doping which suggests that in LaFeAsO1−x Fx the nematic phase actually competes with superconductivity.Schematic electronic phase diagram of LaFeAsO1−x Fx.
Gas‐phase complexes formed between amidoxime ligands and vanadium or iron investigated using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Mustapha Adetayo M. , Pasilis Sofie P. 
Published: July 2016

RationaleAmidoxime‐functionalized sorbents can be used to extract uranium from seawater. Iron(III) and vanadium(V) may compete with uranium for adsorption sites. We use 2,6‐dihydroxyiminopiperidine (DHIP) and N1,N5‐dihydroxypentanediimidamide (DHPD) to model amidoxime functional groups and characterize the vanadium(V) and iron(III) complexes with these ligands. We also examine the effect of iron(III) and vanadium(V) on uranyl(VI) complexation by DHIP and DHPD.MethodsThe experiments were carried out in positive ion mode using a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source. The effect on the mass spectra of changes in ligand, metal:ligand mole ratio, and pH was examined.ResultsIron(III) formed a 1:2 metal:ligand complex with DHIP at all metal:ligand mole ratios and pH values investigated; it formed both 1:2 and 1:3 metal:ligand complexes with DHPD. Vanadium(V) formed 1:1 and 1:2 metal:ligand complexes with DHIP. A 1:2 metal:ligand complex was formed with DHPD at all vanadium(V):DHPD mole ratios investigated. Changes in solution pH did not affect the ions observed. The relative binding affinities of the metal ions towards DHIP followed the order iron(III) > vanadium(V) > uranyl(VI).ConclusionsThis study presents a first look at the gas‐phase vanadium(V)– and iron(III)–DHIP and –DHPD complexes using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. These metals form stronger complexes with amidoxime ligands than uranyl(VI), and will affect uranyl(VI) adsorption to amidoxime‐based sorbents. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ionic Liquid Assisted Hydrothermal Syntheses of TiO2/CuO Nano‐Composites for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Water
Authors: Ravishankar Thammadihalli N. , Vaz Mauricio de O. , Khan S. , Ramakrishnappa T. , Teixeira Sergio R. , Balakrishna Geetha. R. , Nagaraju G. , Dupont J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractHetero‐junction TiO2/CuO nano‐composite (NC) photocatalysts for hydrogen production from water were synthesized. A comparison of the photocatalytic activity obtained from the photocatalysts synthesized by conventional hydrothermal method (HM) and by ionic liquid assisted hydrothermal method (ILAHM) is provided. The composite nature and other physico‐chemical properties were investigated via thorough characterizations. Effect of thermal treatment conditions such as temperature and time on crystalline structure, surface area, quantum yield, band gap and hydrogen production activity of TiO2/CuO NCs has been studied comprehensively. The concentration of CuO in TiO2 matrix has been fine‐tuned to improve the hydrogen production. The synergy between the CuO and TiO2 has an optimum for concentration of 25 wt % of CuO in NCs synthesized by ILAHM, whereas it is 50 wt% of CuO in NCs synthesized by HM. Compared to the NCs prepared by conventional HM; the samples prepared by ILAHM have presented enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production showing ILAHM as a potential synthesis route. The optimized NC prepared by ILAHM has produced promising hydrogen evolution of 8670 µ mol/g under the illumination from Xenon/Mercury lamp in water/ethanol system. The enhanced hydrogen evolution attributed to its porous like surface morphology, higher surface area and quantum yield.
The Effect of Additives on a Molecular Organic Conductor Based Electrolyte System for Solid State Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Huang Yujian , Gu Aijuan , Lin Yuan 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA molecular organic conductor was synthesized and used as electrolyte material, which can provide dual channels for triiodide/hole transportation in solid state dye sensitized solar cells. The introduction of additives into this electrolyte system further improved device performance. Electrochemical impedance spectrum revealed that a small quantity of antimony salt (N(PhBr)3SbCl6) or iodine improved remarkably the charge transfer at the TiO2/dye/electrolyte interface. Incident photon‐to‐current conversion efficiency also confirmed the positive effects of additives on the photoelectrical performance in this electrolyte system.
Coordination Polymers of M2L2 Macrocycles and M3L2 Podands Containing Tris (pyridyl) Tripodal Amide: Anion Bridging, Ag⋅⋅⋅Ag Interactions and Solid‐State Luminescence
Authors: Konavarapu K. S. Narayana , Biradha Kumar 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe tris‐pyridyl‐tripodal amide ligand (L), which is synthesized by the condensation of tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine (tren) and isonicotinic acid, was shown to form coordination polymers (CPs) with AgX (X= CF3SO3−, BF4− and ClO4−), HgX2 (X= Cl− and Br−) and CdI2. The crystal structure analysis of {[Ag3L2(CF3SO3)3].MeOH}n, 1, {[AgL](BF4).2H2O}n, 2, {[AgL](ClO4).MeOH.H2O}n, 3, {[Hg2Cl4L].H2O}n, 4, [Hg3Br6L2], 5, [Cd2I4L2.(H2O)2], 6, reveals that they are constituted by M2L2 macrocycles and M3L2 podand structures. The complexes 1–4 were found to form 1D‐coordination polymers by linking M2L2 units via anions. Complexes 5 and 6 found to contain capsule (podand) like structure with M3L2 and M2L2 H2O compositions in 5 and 6 respectively. The complex 1 contains Ag⋅⋅⋅Ag interactions within the Ag2L2 macrocycle whereas the complex 2 and 3 contains such argentophilic interactions between the macrocycles. These 1D‐CPs linked further via amide‐to‐amide and amide‐to‐water hydrogen bonding to form higher dimensional networks. In these complexes the ligand (L) found to exhibit conformational variations which defines the overall network geometries. The ligand (L) and the coordination complexes 1–6 were found to exhibit intense luminescence emissions upon exciting at a wavelength of 310 nm.
General Acid and Base Catalysis by Phosphate in Peroxyoxalate Chemiluminescence
Authors: Souza Glalci A. , Peixoto Mônica M. M. , Santos Ana P. F. , Baader Wilhelm J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe peroxyoxalate reaction, one of the most efficient chemiluminescent transformations, is widely utilized in analytical and bioanalytical assays. Although the mechanism of this transformation has been extensively studied, it is still not yet fully clarified. Furthermore, no detailed mechanistic studies have been performed in aqueous media, highly important for analytical applications. The light emission kinetic behaviour of the peroxyoxalate reaction is studied here in phosphate buffered binary 1,2‐dimethoxyethane/water mixtures at different pH values using three oxalic ester derivatives. The results indicate that conditions can be found where the chemiluminescent perhydrolysis is predominant over dark ester hydrolysis; the reactions are subject to general acid and base catalysis by phosphate ions; are reasonably reproducible, although, generally fast. However, chemiluminescence emission quantum yields are much lower than in organic solvents.
Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Cyclic Imines in Water with a Versatile Hydrogen Donor Formic Acid/N‐Methylpiperidine: Rapid Access to Highly Enantioselective Amines
Authors: Shende Vaishali S. , Shingote Savita K. , Deshpande Sudhindra H. , Kelkar Ashutosh. A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAsymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) of cyclic imines in water has been investigated for the first time by using HCOOH in combination with bases other than triethylamine as H donor. Effect of FA/Base ratio has shown significant impact on activity and enantioselectivity for ATH reaction in water. Use of methanol as a co‐solvent improved the reduction performance. FA/N‐methylpiperidine was found to be excellent, versatile hydrogen donor for ATH of imine 6,7‐dimethoxy‐1‐methyl‐3,4‐dihydroisoquinoline (1 a)giving by far the highest noted TOF value of 5940 h−1.ATH of‐different imines derivatives including 3, 4‐dihydoisoquinolines, β‐carbolines and cyclic sulfonyl imines have been performed with excellent activity (91‐99 % yield) and enantioselectivity (88‐97 %) in very short time (1‐2 min). This is very simple protocol for rapid access to enantioselective amines with very new and versatile hydrogen donor 1.1 FA/N‐methylpiperidine.
Structural and NMR Spectroscopic Investigations of CuI, CuII, NiII, ZnII and FeII Complexes of 2, 9‐Di‐(Benzothiazolino)‐1,10‐Phenanthroline
Authors: Begum Ameerunisha , Seewald Oliver , Flörke Ulrich , Henkel Gerald 
Published: July 2016

AbstractSynthesis and characterisation of a disubstituted phenanthroline, “dbt‐phen” (“dbt‐phen”, 2,9‐di(benzothiazolino)‐1,10‐phenanthroline) 1 and its CuI, CuII, NiII, ZnII and FeII complexes are reported. Three different coordination modes of the ligand viz., bis(didentate), tridentate and tetradentate are observed. Under various experimental conditions, 1 forms a double‐stranded dicopper(I)helicate, [CuI2(dbt‐phen)2]2+ 2; a mono(dbt‐phen) copper(II) complex, [CuII(dbt‐phen)(H2O)2]2+ 3, a NiII complex [Ni(dbt‐ phen)(NCMe)2(OH2)]2+ 4, a bis(dbt‐phen) zinc(II) complex, [ZnII(dbt‐phen)2]2+ 5 and a pseudo‐octahedral complex [FeII(dbt‐phen)Br2] 6. Crystal packing feature of the dicopper helicate [CuI(dbt‐phen)]2[BF4]2, 2+[BF4]2 reveals novel short contacts between BF4− ions and the hydrogens of the phenyl rings leading to the peculiar double stranded and helical topology. The complex [CuII(dbt‐phen)(OH2)2(ClO4)][ClO4], 3+[ClO4] exhibits both intra‐ and inter‐molecular H‐bonding interactions. 1H NMR spectral features of the ligand, copper(I) and zinc(II) complexes indicate that the free ligand and the copper(I) complex retain their solid state structures whereas the zinc(II) complex undergoes structural changes in solution.
Enzyme‐Like Selectivity on Metalloporphyrin‐Catalyzed Oxidation by a Linear Homopolymer
Authors: Jannuzzi Sergio A. V. , de Arruda Eduardo G. R. , Lima Frederico A. , Ribeiro Marcos A. , Brinatti César , Formiga André L. B. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe influence of linear homopolymers on manganese porphyrin‐catalyzed oxidation of cyclohexene and phenol in solution was investigated. Cyclohexene was epoxidized in presence of poly(sodium acrylate)/poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and H2O2, but the epoxide was the exclusive product only when the reaction was catalyzed by the manganese porphyrin. The regioselectivity of phenol catalytic oxidation in the para position increased up to 81±14 % with PAA, however the same was not observed when PAA‐substrate hydrogen bonding is hampered in oxidation of methoxybenzene. Unlike other bio‐inspired systems the PAA polymer chain was not covalently bound to the metalloporphyrin, but it still promotes chemo‐ and regioselectivity. Catalytic data indicate active participation of the polymeric chain in epoxidation reaction in order to change the active oxidizing agent in the presence of the manganese porphyrin. The PAA chains act as a supramolecular directing agent, which binds phenol via hydrogen bond providing a favorable orientation for regioselective oxidation in the para position. The polymer chain dual role is unprecedented in enzyme‐like catalysis with metalloporphyrin.
Xianella: a new mat‐forming calcified cyanobacterium from the Middle–Late Ordovician of North China
Authors: Lee Jeong‐Hyun , Riding Robert 
Published: July 2016

AbstractXianella hongii gen. et sp. nov. is described from the Middle–Late Ordovician of Shaanxi, China and interpreted as a calcified cyanobacterial sheath. Xianella filaments formed cable‐like strands that constructed thick fenestral layers. The specimens occur in metre‐sized limestone blocks, possibly derived from local collapse of a reefal platform margin. In combination with micrite, some of which is intraclastic and peloidal, Xianella created thick and extensive stacks of layered calcified fenestral fabric that appear to be synsedimentarily calcified open‐frame mat deposits. The fenestrae range from small, laminose and very irregular, to large equidimensional areas ~2 cm across. Fenestrae with rounded outlines resemble primary gas bubbles observed in present‐day microbial mats. These delicate fabrics are comparable in structure and quality of preservation with those of some Proterozoic silicified stromatolitic mats.
GSK‐3β inhibitors reverse cocaine‐induced synaptic transmission dysfunction in the nucleus accumbens
Authors: Zhao Rui , Chen Jiaojiao , Ren Zhaoxiang , Shen Hui , Zhen Xuechu 
Published: July 2016

AbstractNucleus accumbens receives glutamatergic projection from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and dopaminergic input from the Ventral tegmental area (VTA). Recent studies have suggested a critical role for serine/threonine kinase glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) in cocaine‐induced hyperactivity; however, the effect of GSK3β on the modulation of glutamatergic and dopaminergic afferents is unclear. In this study, we found that the GSK3 inhibitors, LiCl (100 mg/kg, i.p.) or SB216763 (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.), blocked the cocaine‐induced hyperlocomotor activity in rats. By employing single‐unit recordings in vivo, we found that pretreatment with either SB216763 or LiCl for 15 min reversed the cocaine‐inhibited firing frequency of medium spiny neuron (MSN) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Preperfusion of SB216763 (5 μM) ameliorated the inhibitory effect of cocaine on both the α‐Amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) (up to 99 ± 6.8% inhibition) and N‐methyl‐D‐aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR)‐mediate EPSC (up to 73 ± 9.7% inhibition) in the NAc in brain slices. The effect of cocaine on AMPA and NMDA receptor‐mediate excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) were mimicked by the D1‐like receptor agonist SKF 38393 and blocked by the D1‐like receptor antagonist SCH 23390, whereas D2‐like receptor agonist or antagonist failed to mimic or to block the action of cocaine. Preperfusion of SB216763 for 5 min also ameliorated the inhibitory effect of SKF38393 on both AMPA and NMDA receptor‐mediated components of EPSC, indicate the effect of SB216763 on cocaine was via the D1‐like receptor. Moreover, cocaine inhibited the presynaptic release of glutamate in the NAc, and SB216763 reversed this effect. In conclusion, D1 receptor–GSK3β pathway, which mediates glutamatergic transmission in the NAc core through a presynaptic mechanism, plays an important role in acute cocaine‐induced hyperlocomotion.