bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repeated perineural administrations of ropivacaine at the tibial nerve following a degloving injury in a horse
Authors: Marolf Vincent , Spadavecchia Claudia , Fouché Nathalie , Rohrbach Helene 
Published: September 2016

The authors report a case of interventional pain management in a mare after a major degloving injury of the left hindlimb. Despite immediate surgical wound closure under general anaesthesia and multimodal systemic pain therapy during the first three weeks after surgery, the horse progressively developed signs of persistent pain. As placement of an epidural catheter was not successful, a perineural catheter was placed at the tibial nerve allowing repeated administrations of ropivacaine 0.5 per cent every six hours for nine days, leading to a reduction of pain signs. This improvement has been observed clinically as well as a reduction of pain scores recorded 30 minutes after ropivacaine injections. For the remaining 24 days of hospital stay, analgesia was provided by oral meloxicam administration and morphine administered through a newly placed epidural catheter. The horse was discharged from the hospital with minor signs of pain 57 days after injury.
Structural evidence of enhanced active subsidence at the bottom of a maar: Rincón de Parangueo, México
Authors: Aranda-Gómez José Jorge , Cerca Mariano , Rocha-Treviño Luis , Carrera-Hernández Jaime Jesús , Levresse Gilles , Pacheco Jesús , Yutsis Vsevolod , Arzate-Flores Jorge Arturo , Chacón Elizabeth , Beraldi-Campesi Hugo 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Rincón de Parangueo is a Quaternary maar that has been recently desiccated. The crater was partially occupied by a soda lake, and near the shoreline microbialites have formed. Evaporites (mainly trona and halite) precipitated as the water level dropped. Active subsidence of the lake floor (
c.
24 m since 1980) produced countless structures close to the lakeshore, where deformation is extensional. Closer to the depocentre, in the western half of the basin, gliding/spreading produced folds and mud-injection domes. The most remarkable structure throughout the basin is a monocline that forms a ring-like, nearly continuous scarp, approximately 15 m high, which in the eastern half of the basin was produced as a fault-propagation fold developed above the buried diatreme–country rock boundary. A more diffuse (wider) monocline, locally associated with compressive structures, occurs in the western half of the basin. These structures are interpreted as having developed above a gently inclined, irregular lake sediment–country rock (andesite) interphase. The monocline was modified by high-angle extensional faults/fractures with large heaves/apertures. In the eastern half of the basin, there is a second (outer) scarp, approximately 13 m high, formed by a high-angle, listric, normal fault. Rollover antiforms occur in the hanging wall of this structure. Rincón is an example of centripetal gravitational gliding/spreading.
The Evolution of Agricultural Drought Transition Periods in the U.S. Corn Belt
Authors: Schiraldi Nicholas J. , Roundy Paul E. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAgricultural drought in the U.S. Corn Belt region (CBR) has tremendous global socioeconomic implications. Unfortunately, the weather and climate factors that contribute to transition events toward or away from such droughts are poorly understood. This study applies composite, trajectory clusters, and a vertically integrated moisture budget to understand the phenomena that influence transition events that evolve over 20 and 60 days as modulated by interannual, intraseasonal, and synoptic-time-scale variability during May–August over the CBR. Results show that a shift in the low-frequency base state does not explain onset or decay of the 20- or 60-day drought transition cases. Instead, amplification of an intraseasonal Rossby wave train across the Pacific Ocean into North America, which occurs coincident with intraseasonal tropical convection on its equatorward side, triggers the transition. Trajectory analysis reveals similar source regions for air parcels associated with drought development and breakdown, but with a shift toward more parcels originating over the Gulf of Mexico during transitions away from drought. Finally, the vertically integrated moisture budget shows that advection and convergence of moisture on intraseasonal time scales dominates during these transitions. These results demonstrate that weather events are the primary driver of agricultural drought transitions occurring over 20 and 60 days.
Race and Religious Beliefs Are Associated With Communication Regarding Reproductive Health and Preconception Counseling in Young Women With Diabetes
Authors: Devido Jessica Anne , Sereika Susan M. , Cohen Susan Merle , Charron-Prochownik Denise 
Published: September 2016

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between selected internal and external characteristics and communication (intended and actual) with health care providers (HCPs) about reproductive health and preconception counseling among adolescent females with diabetes. Methods A descriptive, correlational design was employed to conduct a secondary analysis of baseline data from a multisite, randomized controlled trial. Participants were 110 female adolescents (92% type 1 diabetes). Analysis included multiple linear regression and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses to examine the association of internal characteristics (age, race, religion, and religious beliefs) and external characteristics (ever sexually active, social support, and type of routine HCP). Results Participants were from 13.3 to 20.0 years of age, 82% were Caucasian, 80% had never been sexually active, and 58% perceived low to moderate amounts of social support. For both internal and external characteristics, no significant main effects were found for actual or intended communication. For internal characteristics, there was an interaction between race and religious beliefs for the probability of actual communication. African American women who reported that their religious beliefs did not influence their sexual behavior had the lowest probability of actual communication compared to all other participants. Conclusion Race and religious beliefs should be considered when providing reproductive health information to young women with diabetes. Further research with a larger, more diverse sample is warranted. These results may be considered for future development of novel interventions with targeted messages based on these personal characteristics to empower young women to initiate conversations with HCPs about reproductive health and preconception counseling.
Hydrodisplacement of sural nerve for safety and efficacy of endovenous thermal ablation for small saphenous vein incompetence
Authors: Rodriguez-Acevedo Omar , Elstner Kristen E , Martinic Kui , Zea Aaron , Diaz Jenny , Martins Rodrigo T , Arduini Fernando , Hodgkinson Alexandra , Ibrahim Nabeel 
Published: September 2016

Background Endovenous radio frequency ablation for small saphenous vein incompetence by and large appears to be superior and safer than conventional open surgery. Small saphenous vein ablation from approximately mid-calf to the point proximally where the small saphenous vein dives into the popliteal fossa is considered to be safe, as the sural nerve is in most cases separated from this segment of the small saphenous vein by the deep fascia. The outcome of the distal incompetent small saphenous vein remains unclear. Efficacy of the endovenous radio frequency ablation can be enhanced by increasing the length of the ablatable small saphenous vein segment. Methodology To optimise endovenous radio frequency ablation outcome, the distal small saphenous vein may be made amenable to ablation if safety of the sural nerve can be assured. The sural nerve was successfully located using duplex ultrasound in 100% of our cohort in this study. The standard entry point for venous access was just above the lateral malleolus. After introduction of the introducer sheath, the radio frequency catheter was advanced proximally; the sural nerve was displaced from the small saphenous vein by approximately 1 cm with the administration of tumescent anaesthesia ( hydrodisplacement). A total of 118 patients underwent extended endovenous radio frequency ablation of 124 incompetent small saphenous vein trunks using the method described. Results Successful extended ablation of the small saphenous vein was achieved in 100% of cases and it was confirmed by duplex scanning at one and six weeks. Two neurological events were recorded during the study:  1. One patient with temporary foot drop lasting for less than 6 h with complete recovery.  2. A second patient with a sural nerve sensory deficit reported by the patient at day 2–3, which remains current at six weeks. Conclusions Extended endovenous radio frequency ablation of the small saphenous vein to optimise length of the ablatable vein segment is feasible with careful identification and hydrodisplacement of the sural nerve. This method is shown to be associated with fewer neurological complications than other methods reported in the literature.
Evaluation of a liquid culture system in the detection of mycobacteria at an antituberculosis institution in China; A retrospective study
Authors: Zhao Ping , Yu Qin , Chen Liang , Zhang Man 
Published: September 2016

Objective A retrospective study comparing the diagnostic performance of the BACTEC™ MGIT™ 960 system (M960 system; BD Worldwide, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) with Löwenstein–Jensen (L–J) culture to detect mycobacteria in sputum specimens from patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Methods Sputum samples were analysed for the presence of acid-fast bacilli (AFB). Samples were inoculated into the M960 system and L–J culture. Positive cultures were examined for the presence of AFB. Results The M960 method detected significantly more positive samples than L–J culture (818/1676 [48.8%] vs 692/1676 [41.3%]). Using L–J culture as reference, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive values of the M960 system were 91.0%, 76.1%, 77.0% and 92.2%, respectively. The time-to-detection of mycobacteria was 11.78 ± 5.16 days for M960 and 24.17 ± 8.73 days for L–J. Conclusions The M960 system had better diagnostic capability than L–J culture. Clinical value may be maximized by combining results from both methods.
Incidence of insulin resistance and diabetes in patients with portosystemic shunts without liver dysfunction
Authors: Li Ying , Yang Gao , Qiang Jinwei , Cai Songqi , Zhou Hao 
Published: September 2016

Objective To investigate the incidence of insulin resistance (IR) and diabetes in patients with chronic hepatic schistosomiasis japonica (HSJ) and portosystemic shunts (PSS). Methods Pre- and post-contrasted computed tomography images obtained from patients with HSJ and control subjects were reviewed by two radiologists who identified and graded any shunting vessels. Anthropometric measurements, hepatic enzymes, lipid profile, blood levels of albumin, glucose, insulin and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-2) index of all participants were also assessed. Results Fifty-two patients with HSJ and 30 control subjects were involved in the study. The coronary, short gastric and perisplenic veins were the most common shunting vessels. There were no significant differences between patients and controls in terms of body mass index or liver function. The degree of shunting vessels, blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance test120/0, insulin, HOMA-2 index, glycosylated haemoglobin, cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoprotein, and C-reactive protein were significantly higher in the patients with IR. A positive correlation was found between the degree of the shunting vessels and the HOMA-2 index. Conclusions Patients with chronic HSJ and PSS without liver dysfunction had a high incidence of IR and diabetes. The study showed that PSS and IR are related and therefore patients with PSS should be screened for IR and vice versa.
The influence of migraine and female hormones on capsaicin-induced dermal blood flow
Authors: Ibrahimi Khatera , Vermeersch Steve , Frederiks Pascal , Geldhof Vincent , Draulans Cedric , Buntinx Linde , Lesaffre Emmanuel , MaassenVanDenBrink Antoinette , de Hoon Jan 
Published: September 2016

Background Migraine is much more common in females than in males, and occurrence is associated with changes in female sex hormones. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) plays a key role in migraine, and variations in female sex hormones may affect CGRP sensitivity and/or production. Objectives Investigate repeatability, gender differences, influence of the menstrual cycle and of migraine on CGRP-dependent changes in dermal blood flow (DBF). Methods CGRP-dependent increases in DBF were assessed using laser Doppler perfusion imaging after topical application of 300 or 1000 µg capsaicin on the forearm of healthy subjects and migraine patients. Results In healthy males, DBF response did not vary over time and was comparable with DBF in male migraineurs. In healthy females, capsaicin-induced DBF responses to both doses of capsaicin were higher during menstruation compared to the late-secretory phase (p < 0.05); this menstrual cycle dependence was absent in female migraine patients. Compared to healthy subjects, female migraineurs displayed a higher DBF response both during menstruation and during the late-secretory phase (p < 0.05). Conclusions An increased capsaicin-induced, CGRP-mediated DBF response was observed during menstruation in healthy women, but in female migraine patients this increased response was not affected by the menstrual cycle.
Association of Microcirculation, Macrocirculation, and Severity of Illness in Septic Shock: A Prospective Observational Study to Identify Microcirculatory Targets Potentially Suitable for Guidance of Hemodynamic Therapy
Authors: Sturm Timo , Leiblein Julia , Schneider-Lindner Verena , Kirschning Thomas , Thiel Manfred 
Published: September 2016

Purpose: Clinically unapparent microcirculatory impairment is common and has a negative impact on septic shock, but specific therapy is not established so far. This prospective observational study aimed at identifying candidate parameters for microcirculatory-guided hemodynamic therapy. : NCT01530932. Materials and Methods: Microcirculatory flow and postcapillary venous oxygen saturation were detected during vaso-occlusive testing (VOT) on days 1 (T0), 2 (T24), and 4 (T72) in 20 patients with septic shock at a surgical intensive care unit using a laser Doppler spectrophotometry system (O2C). Results: Reperfusional maximal venous capillary oxygen saturation (SvcO2max) showed negative correlations with Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPSII)/Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, norepinephrine dosage, and lactate concentration and showed positive correlations with cardiac index (CI). At T24 and T72, SvcO2max was also inversely linked to fluid balance. With respect to any predictive value, SvcO2max and CI determined on day 1 (T0) were negatively correlated with SAPS II/SOFA on day 4 (T72). Moreover, SvcO2max measured on day 1 or day 2 was negatively correlated with cumulated fluid balance on day 4 ( r= −.472, P < .05 and r = −.829, P < .001). By contrast, CI neither on day 1 nor on day 2 was correlated with cumulated fluid balance on day 4 ( r = −.343, P = .17 and r = −.365, P = .15). Conclusion: In patients with septic shock, microcirculatory reserve as assessed by SvcO2max following VOT was impaired and negatively correlated with severity of illness and fluid balance. In contrast to CI, SvcO2max determined on day 1 or day 2 was significantly negatively correlated with cumulative fluid balance on day 4. Therefore, early microcirculatory measurement of SvcO2max might be superior to CI in guidance of sepsis therapy to avoid fluid overload. This has to be addressed in future clinical studies.
Comparing State Legislative Aides’ Perspectives on Tobacco Policymaking in States With Strong and Weak Policies: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Wray Ricardo J. , Weaver Nancy , Jupka Keri , Zellin Stacie , Berman Susan , Vijaykumar Santosh 
Published: September 2016

Purpose: The study compared perceptions of state legislative aides about tobacco policymaking in states with strong and weak tobacco control policies. Approach: Qualitative in-depth interviews carried out in 2009. Setting: The US states were ranked on a combination of tobacco prevention funding, taxes, and presence of smoke-free policies. States at the top and bottom of the rankings were chosen. Participants: Interviews were conducted with 10 legislative aides in 5 states with strong tobacco control policies and 10 aides in 7 states with weak policies. Method: Twenty semistructured interviews were conducted, coded, and analyzed using a consensus coding process. Results: Tobacco control was a lower priority in states with weak policies, and respondents from these states listed more barriers to tobacco control policymaking than those from states with strong policies. Successful arguments for tobacco control emphasized operational applications, for example, enhanced revenue from tobacco taxes or safety of children and employees. Conclusion: Our findings support propositions posited in the Advocacy Coalition Framework. They point to the preeminence of contextual factors, notably political leanings and economic climate on success of policy change efforts. Lessons learned from participants from states with strong policy nonetheless show promise for success in states with weak policy.
An Empirical Analysis of the Association Between Cigarette Smoking and Participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
Authors: Adams Grace Bagwell 
Published: September 2016

Purpose: To examine the association between smoking and participation in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) among low-income families. Design: A quasi-experimental design using pooled cross-sectional data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Consumer Expenditure Diary Survey. Setting: A national, representative sample of US households from 2005 through 2012. Participants: A total of 19 395 low-income households. Measures: US poverty thresholds were used, in conjunction with household income, to create a sample of families at 130% of the federal poverty level and below. Expenditures on cigarettes and self-reported enrollment in SNAP were used to measure smoking behavior and program participation, respectively. Analysis: Estimation of a maximum likelihood model was used to predict the probability of smoking given participation in SNAP. Results: The SNAP participation among low-income households was associated with a 30% ( P < .01) increase in the likelihood of a household containing at least 1 smoker, relative to low-income non-SNAP households. Among smokers, SNAP households do not spend more money on tobacco products than non-SNAP households. Conclusion: Given the strong association found between SNAP participation and smoking, connecting program participants who smoke to effective smoking cessation programs could be an effective tool in reducing the prevalence of smoking among the low-income population. States have a unique opportunity to use SNAP-Education programs to integrate tobacco prevention and cessation into curriculum for direct client impact.
Identification of Undiagnosed Hyperlipidemia: Do Work Site Screening Programs Work?
Authors: Koyama Alain K. , Bali Vishal , Yermilov Irina , Legorreta Antonio P. 
Published: September 2016

Purpose: We evaluated the rate of hyperlipidemia identified during workplace screening in previously undiagnosed individuals, the association between workplace hyperlipidemia screening and use of medical care during follow-up, and changes in lipid profile among individuals with hyperlipidemia at screening. Design: Nonexperimental longitudinal study. Setting: Employees who participated in a workplace health screening. Participants: A total of 18 993 individuals from 39 self-insured employers in the United States. Measures: Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglycerides were measured during screening. A claims-based algorithm was used to identify hyperlipidemia cases. Analysis: Discrete-time survival analysis was used to estimate monthly rates of new hyperlipidemia diagnoses or prescriptions. Paired t tests were used to evaluate 1-year changes in lipid profile. Results: A total of 1872 (9.9%) individuals had hyperlipidemia at screening. Among all individuals, a significantly greater rate of new hyperlipidemia diagnoses was observed during the first month after screening, compared to the 3 months before screening (odds ratio [95% CI]: 2.99 [2.66-3.36]). Among the 987 individuals who were followed up 1 year later, significant improvements were observed in total cholesterol (−8.5% ± 13.6%) and LDL levels (−10.2% ± 19.3%). Conclusion: Workplace health screenings in an insured population were associated with a subsequent increase in physician visits and prescriptions for hyperlipidemia. After 1 year, significant improvements in total cholesterol and LDL levels were observed among individuals who screened positive for hyperlipidemia.
Breast cancer in systemic lupus
Authors: Bernatsky S , Ramsey-Goldman R , Petri M , Urowitz M B , Gladman D D , Fortin P F , Ginzler E , Romero-Diaz J , Peschken C , Jacobsen S , Hanly J G , Gordon C , Nived O , Yelin E H , Isenberg D , Rahman A , Bae S-C , Joseph L , Witte T , Ruiz-Irastorza G , Aranow C , Kamen D , Sturfeldt G , Foulkes W D , Hansen J E , St Pierre Y , Raymer P Chrétien , Tessier-Cloutier B , Clarke A E 
Published: September 2016

Objective There is a decreased breast cancer risk in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) versus the general population. We assessed a large sample of SLE patients, evaluating demographic and clinical characteristics and breast cancer risk. Methods We performed case-cohort analyses within a multi-center international SLE sample. We calculated the breast cancer hazard ratio (HR) in female SLE patients, relative to demographics, reproductive history, family history of breast cancer, and time-dependent measures of anti-dsDNA positivity, cumulative disease activity, and drugs, adjusted for SLE duration. Results There were 86 SLE breast cancers and 4498 female SLE cancer-free controls. Patients were followed on average for 7.6 years. Versus controls, SLE breast cancer cases tended to be white and older. Breast cancer cases were similar to controls regarding anti-dsDNA positivity, disease activity, and most drug exposures over time. In univariate and multivariate models, the principal factor associated with breast cancers was older age at cohort entry. Conclusions There was little evidence that breast cancer risk in this SLE sample was strongly driven by any of the clinical factors that we studied. Further search for factors that determine the lower risk of breast cancer in SLE may be warranted.