bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
JPEG column
Authors: Pinheiro Antonio 
Published: January 2018

JPEG XS is now entering the final phases of the standard definition and soon will be available. It is important to clarify the change on the typical JPEG approach, as this is the first JPEG image compression standard that is not developed only targeting the best compression performance for the best perceptual quality. Instead, JPEG XS establishes a compromise between compression efficiency and low complexity. This new approach is also complemented with the development of a new part for the well-established JPEG 2000, named High Throughput JPEG 2000.
With these initiatives, JPEG committee is standardizing low complexity and low latency codecs, with a slight sacrifice of the compression performance usually seek in previous standards. This change of paradigm is justified considering the current trends on multimedia technology with the continuous grow on devices that are usually highly dependent of battery life cycles, namely mobiles, tablets, and also augmented reality devices or autonomous robots. Furthermore this standard provides support for applications like Omnidirectional video capture or real time video storage and streaming applications. Nowadays, networks tend to grow in available bandwidth. The memory available in most devices has also been reaching impressive numbers. Although compression is still required to simplify the large amount of data manipulation, its performance might become secondary if kept into acceptable levels. As it is obvious, considering the advances in coding technology of the last 25 years, these new approaches define codecs with compression performances largely above the JPEG standard used in most devices today. Moreover, they provide enhanced capabilities like HDR support, lossless or near lossless modes, or alpha plane coding.
Impact of Thrombus Aspiration on Mortality, Stent Thrombosis, and Stroke in Patients With ST‐Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Report From the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry
Authors: Angerås Oskar , Haraldsson Inger , Redfors Björn , Fröbert Ole , Petursson Petur , Albertsson Per , Ioanes Dan , Odenstedt Jacob , Olsson Hans , Witt Nils , Rück Andreas , Millgård Jonas , Nilsson Johan , Persson Jonas , Söderbom Måns , Wedel Hans , Erlinge David , James Stefan , Råmunddal Truls , Omerovic Elmir 
Published: January 2018

Background
Thrombus aspiration is still being used in a substantial number of patients despite 2 large randomized clinical trials showing no favorable effect of routine thrombus aspiration during primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction. The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the impact of thrombus aspiration on mortality, stent thrombosis, and stroke using all available data from the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry (SCAAR).

Methods and Results

We identified 42 829 consecutive patients registered in SCAAR between January 2005 and September 2014 who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention for ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction. Thrombus aspiration was used in 25% of the procedures. We used instrumental variable analysis with administrative healthcare region as the treatment‐preference instrumental variable to evaluate the effect of thrombus aspiration on mortality, stent thrombosis, and stroke. Thrombus aspiration was not associated with mortality at 30 days (risk reduction: −1.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], −5.4 to 3.0;
P
=0.57) and 1 year (risk reduction: −2.4; 95% CI, −7.6 to 3.0;
P
=0.37). Thrombus aspiration was associated with a lower risk of stent thrombosis both at 30 days (risk reduction: −2.7; 95% CI, −4.1 to −1.4;
P
<0.001) and 1 year (risk reduction: −3.5; 95% CI, −5.3 to −1.7;
P
<0.001). In‐hospital stroke and neurologic complications did not differ between groups (risk reduction: 0.1; 95% CI, −0.8 to 1.1;
P
=0.76).

Conclusions
Mortality was not different between the groups. Thrombus aspiration was associated with decreased risk of stent thrombosis. Our study provides important evidence for the external validity of previous randomized studies regarding mortality.
Detection of Anterior Circulation Large Artery Occlusion in Ischemic Stroke Using Noninvasive Cerebral Oximetry
Authors: Flint Alexander C. , Bhandari Shiv G. , Cullen Sean P. , Reddy Adhikari V. , Hsu Daniel P. , Rao Vivek A. , Patel Minal , Pombra Jasmeen , Edwards Nancy J. , Chan Sheila L. 
Published: January 2018

Background and Purpose—
Large artery occlusion (LAO) in ischemic stroke requires recognition and triage to an endovascular stroke treatment center. Noninvasive LAO detection is needed to improve triage.

Methods—

Prospective study to test whether noninvasive cerebral oximetry can detect anterior circulation LAO in acute stroke. Interhemispheric ΔBrSO
2
in LAO was compared with controls.

Results—

In LAO stroke, mean interhemispheric ΔBrSO
2
was −8.3±5.8% (n=19), compared with 0.4±5.8% in small artery stroke (n=17), 0.4±6.0% in hemorrhagic stroke (n=14), and 0.2±7.5% in subjects without stroke (n=19) (
P
<0.001). Endovascular stroke treatment reduced the ΔBrSO
2
in most LAO subjects (16/19). Discrimination of LAO at a −3% ΔBrSO
2
cut had 84% sensitivity and 70% specificity. Addition of the G-FAST clinical score (gaze–face–arm–speech– time) to the BrSO
2
measure had 84% sensitivity and 90% specificity.

Conclusions—
Noninvasive cerebral oximetry may help detect LAO in ischemic stroke, particularly when combined with a simple clinical scoring system.
From text to scheme
Authors: Walton Douglas , Koszowy Marcin 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We show how to solve common problems in identifying arguments from expert opinion, illustrated by five examples selected from The Economist. Our method started by intuitively identifying many appeals to alleged experts in The Economist and comparing them to the argumentation scheme for argument from expert opinion. This approach led us to (i) extending the existing list of possible faults committed when arguments from expert opinion are performed and (ii) proposing the extension of the list of linguistic cues that would allow analysts to identify arguments from expert opinion. Our ultimate aim is to help argument identification by argument mining connect better with techniques of argument analysis and evaluation.
Global Assessment of Atmospheric River Prediction Skill
Authors: DeFlorio Michael J. , Waliser Duane E. , Guan Bin , Lavers David A. , Ralph F. Martin , Vitart Frédéric 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are global phenomena that transport water vapor horizontally and are associated with hydrological extremes. In this study, the Atmospheric River Skill (ATRISK) algorithm is introduced, which quantifies AR prediction skill in an object-based framework using Subseasonal to Seasonal (S2S) Project global hindcast data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) model. The dependence of AR forecast skill is globally characterized by season, lead time, and distance between observed and forecasted ARs. Mean values of daily AR prediction skill saturate around 7–10 days, and seasonal variations are highest over the Northern Hemispheric ocean basins, where AR prediction skill increases by 15%–20% at a 7-day lead during boreal winter relative to boreal summer. AR hit and false alarm rates are explicitly considered using relative operating characteristic (ROC) curves. This analysis reveals that AR forecast utility increases at 10-day lead over the North Pacific/western U.S. region during positive El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) conditions and at 7- and 10-day leads over the North Atlantic/U.K. region during negative Arctic Oscillation (AO) conditions and decreases at a 10-day lead over the North Pacific/western U.S. region during negative Pacific–North America (PNA) teleconnection conditions. Exceptionally large increases in AR forecast utility are found over the North Pacific/western United States at a 10-day lead during El Niño + positive PNA conditions and over the North Atlantic/United Kingdom at a 7-day lead during La Niña + negative PNA conditions. These results represent the first global assessment of AR prediction skill and highlight climate variability conditions that modulate regional AR forecast skill.
Using robots to assess problem-solving skills
Authors: Adams Kim D , Alvarez Liliana , Becerra Puyo Lina M , Gómez Medina María F , Castellanos Cruz Javier L 
Published: January 2018

Introduction Assistive robots may allow children with physical disabilities to manipulate objects and provide a means to participate in cognitive assessments of problem-solving skills. This study aimed to test the problem-solving skills of typically developing children when using a LEGO® robot to solve a reverse sequencing task. Additionally, the study aimed to determine the chronological ages at which typically developing children can effectively solve the levels of difficulty. Method An experimental crossover study was conducted, where 30 typically developing children aged from 3 to 7 years old were randomly assigned to a first condition (either robot or direct hand manipulation using a toy truck). Results This pilot study demonstrated that older children outperformed younger children when they used both the truck and the robot, and that the robot was best suited for children over the age of five. Conclusion Children were able to use the robot to manipulate objects and perform the problem-solving task. A robot may be an alternative assessment tool to identify problem-solving skills for children with disabilities. A larger sample size is required to build a database of results when typically developing children use robots, to gauge the level of understanding of children with disabilities.
Imaging high-resolution seismic velocity from walkaway vertical seismic profile data in a carbonate reservoir using acoustic waveform tomography
Authors: Takam Takougang Eric M. , Bouzidi Youcef 
Published: January 2018

High-resolution seismic velocity was obtained using acoustic full-waveform tomography of walkaway vertical seismic profile (VSP) data from an oil field dominated by carbonate rocks, offshore Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates. The data were collected in a deviated borehole with receivers located from 521 to 2742 m depth. The inversion was performed in the frequency domain. The success of the inversion was determined by three important factors: the starting model, the preconditioning of the input data, and the inversion strategy, which included an appropriate selection of a damping term [Formula: see text] in the Laplace–Fourier transformation. The inversion was performed between the frequencies of 4 and 50 Hz, and a logarithmic data residual was used. The extracted 1D velocity profiles from the final high-resolution velocity model correlate well with the sonic log, and estimated vertical incidence VSP velocities. The predicted data obtained by the final velocity model indicate a generally good fit with the field data, thus confirming the success of the inversion. A reverse time migrated section derived by the final velocity model provides additional structural details. The velocity model indicates anomalous zones of low-velocity values that correlate with known locations of hydrocarbon reservoirs.
Inflammatory response to clozapine in the absence of myocarditis: case report
Authors: Davey Patrick , Gee Siobhan , Shergill Sukhi S. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryA case is presented of a 25-year-old man with treatment-resistant paranoid schizophrenia whose only previous trial of clozapine had been stopped following a suspected clozapine-induced myocarditis. Due to the failure of his psychosis to respond to a number of antipsychotic treatments and augmentation strategies, clozapine was restarted on admission. His rechallenge was marked by intermittent pyrexia, tachycardia and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), but eosinophilia was absent. Clozapine was started and then stopped twice following extensive investigation and with specialist cardiology consultation. Physical symptoms and CRP elevation resolved shortly after clozapine cessation. We believe this constituted an idiosyncratic systemic inflammatory response to clozapine treatment.
Use of South American plants for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: Rodrigues Eliana , Carlini E. A. 
Published: January 2018

Two conditions greatly encourage the folk use of plants to cure diseases and alleviate ailments:
∘ plant biodiversity (the richer the better)∘ particular cultural traits of local populations.Where these conditions are met, local scientific advancement may result from experimentation with and elaboration of folk remedies. Unfortunately, little scientific research has been done on South American plants that may be useful in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disturbances.
Targeted Therapy for Advanced Solid Tumors on the Basis of Molecular Profiles: Results From MyPathway, an Open-Label, Phase IIa Multiple Basket Study
Authors: Hainsworth John D. , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Swanton Charles , Hurwitz Herbert , Spigel David R. , Sweeney Christopher , Burris Howard A. , Bose Ron , Yoo Bongin , Stein Alisha , Beattie Mary , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: January 2018

Purpose Detection of specific molecular alterations in tumors guides the selection of effective targeted treatment of patients with several types of cancer. These molecular alterations may occur in other tumor types for which the efficacy of targeted therapy remains unclear. The MyPathway study evaluates the efficacy and safety of selected targeted therapies in tumor types that harbor relevant genetic alterations but are outside of current labeling for these treatments. Methods MyPathway ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02091141) is a multicenter, nonrandomized, phase IIa multiple basket study. Patients with advanced refractory solid tumors harboring molecular alterations in human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, epidermal growth factor receptor, v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1, or the Hedgehog pathway are treated with pertuzumab plus trastuzumab, erlotinib, vemurafenib, or vismodegib, respectively. The primary end point is investigator-assessed objective response rate within each tumor-pathway cohort. Results Between April 1, 2014 and November 1, 2016, 251 patients with 35 different tumor types received study treatment. The efficacy population contains 230 treated patients who were evaluated for response or discontinued treatment before evaluation. Fifty-two patients (23%) with 14 different tumor types had objective responses (complete, n = 4; partial, n = 48). Tumor-pathway cohorts with notable objective response rates included human epidermal growth factor receptor-2–amplified/overexpressing colorectal (38% [14 of 37]; 95% CI, 23% to 55%) and v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 V600-mutated non–small-cell lung cancer (43% [six of 14]; 95% CI, 18% to 71%). Conclusion The four currently approved targeted therapy regimens in the MyPathway study produced meaningful responses when administered without chemotherapy in several refractory solid tumor types not currently labeled for these agents.
Exercise Thresholds on Trial: Are They Really Equivalent?
Authors: CAEN KEVIN , VERMEIRE KOBE , BOURGOIS JAN G. , BOONE JAN 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The interchangeable use of whole-body exercise thresholds and breakpoints (BP) in the local oxygenation response, as measured via near-infrared spectroscopy, has recently been questioned in scientific literature. Therefore, the present study aimed to longitudinally investigate the interrelationship of four commonly used exercise thresholds: critical power (CP), the respiratory compensation point (RCP), and BP in muscle (m[HHb]BP) and brain (c[O2Hb]BP) oxygenation.

Methods
Nine male participants (21.8 ± 1.2 yr) completed 6 wk of cycling interval training. Before and after this intervention period, subjects performed a ramp incremental exercise protocol to determine RCP, m[HHb]BP, and c[O2Hb]BP and four constant work rate (WR) tests to calculate CP.

Results
WR associated with CP, RCP, m[HHB]BP, and c[O2Hb]BP increased by 7.7% ± 4.2%, 13.6% ± 9.0%, 9.8% ± 5.7%, and 11.3% ± 11.1%, respectively. CP was lower (pre: 260 ± 32 W, post: 280 ± 41 W; P < 0.05) than the WR associated with RCP (pre: 281 ± 28 W, post: 318 ± 36 W) and c[O2Hb]BP (pre: 283 ± 36 W, post: 313 ± 32 W) which occurred concomitantly (P = 0.683). M[HHb]BP occurred at the highest WR and differed from all others (pre: 313 ± 23 W, post: 344 ± 32 W; P < 0.05). Training-induced WR differences (ΔWR) did not contrast between thresholds, and initial parameter differences were not affected by the intervention (P = 0.253). Thresholds were partly correlated before (R = 0.67–0.85, P < 0.05) and after (R = 0.83–0.96, P < 0.05) training, but ΔWR values were not associated (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
Results of the present study strongly question true equivalence of CP, RCP, m[HHb]BP, and c[O2Hb]BP during ramp incremental exercise. Therefore, these exercise thresholds should not be used interchangeably.
Winter book review supplement
Authors: Webborn A , Jackson Joanna , Chard Gill , Clouder Deanne Lynn , Thurgood Judy , Cole David , Gould Alison 
Published: January 2018

Applied Anatomy and Biomechanics in Sport Clinics in Physical Therapy: Physical Therapy for Traumatic Brain Injury Group Activities for Personal Development: A Group Leader’s Handbook Clinical Reasoning in the Health Professions Back Injury and Litigation Practical Paediatric Radiology Grieve’s Modern Manual Therapy: The Vertebral Column (2nd edn)
Qualitative and quantitative research: adjuvants and alternates
Authors: Hammick Marilyn 
Published: January 2018

The following poem by Auden (1961) captures an essential link between knowledge and the process of revealing knowledge: ‘This passion of our kind For the process of finding out Is a fact one can hardly doubt, But I would rejoice in it more If I knew more clearly what We wanted the knowledge for.’ It is most certainly true that those who enjoy the type of work that leads to the discovery of new facts, deeper insight and further understanding usually know quite learly why they want to investigate a topic. Indeed, the process of finding a topic for investigation often arises from a sense of frustration about the unknown, and from asking the why and how and who questions when we have incomplete knowledge.
Inequality: a health problem resistant to therapy
Authors: Morris Mervyn 
Published: January 2018

The recent media interest over the deadly and untreatable Ebola virus in Zaire provides an interesting contrast to a report on health in the UK. In the foreword to Tackling Inequalities in Health (Benzeval et al, 1995), Sir Donald Acheson refers to a report of a previous chief medical officer, dating back as far as 1858, to highlight the longstanding recognition and persistent problem of inequality as a major issue in health. To put the problem at its starkest, the lower your position on the social scale, the shorter your life expectancy and the more likely your child is to die in infancy. Unfortunately it appears that this is not news, as Sir Donald Acheson states: ‘Today the question is not whether the facts are valid but who cares and what can be done’. (Benzeval et al,1995) To further understand this issue, there is a need to put the current situation in perspective. Inequalities today are not the same as 60 years ago. Much of the concern now is about relative rather than absolute poverty. Although the government fails to recognise relative poverty, it must be taken seriously from a health perspective.
Autumn book review supplement
Authors: Trace David , Cole David , Woollard AliÇon , Weale Alan , Spalding Nicola J , Whittaker Margaret C , Broster Gordon , Drummond Avril , Storer Claudette , May Mandy Le , Davis Lena , Baker Mary 
Published: January 2018

Brain Injury and Neuropsychological Rehabilitation: International Perspectives Fundamentals of Skeletal Radiology (2nd edn) Therapy in Practice 45: Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation HIV and AIDS: A Strategy for Nursing Care (4th edn) Body in Action Clinics in Physical Therapy: Temporomandibular Disorders (2nd edn) Radiology MGH Clinical Review Moving to Audit: an Education Package for Professionals Allied to Medicine Home at Last Working with Dysfluent Children: Practical Approaches to Assessment and Therapy Alzheimer’s (A Practical Guide to Carers to Help you Through the Day) Teaching Atlas of Hand Radiology: A Self-assessment Text
Small Animal Review
Authors: Tennant Bryn 
Published: January 2018

Introduction: Eosinophilic dermatitis as a cause of canine erythroderma is described, and its association with concomitant gastrointestinal disease is assessed in 18 dogs. The pathology of the skin lesions is described, but there is no conclusion reached as to which alimentary problems are most likely to be linked to their development.
Media ecology and the performing arts – Virtually
Authors: Heyer Paul 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This keynote address highlights the author’s application of a media ecological perspective to a new mode of accessibility involving the performing arts: the transmission (often live) into cinemas around the world, of productions from the worlds of opera, theatre, ballet and the musical stage. Referred to as Digital Broadcast Cinema (DBC), the analysis presented shows how elements of theatrical liveness mediated by the conventions of film and television have created a fourth way of experiencing the performing arts for virtual audiences. Much of the analysis focuses on the pioneering attempt, just over ten years ago of the New York Metropolitan Opera to make its Saturday offerings available globally – to what is now 70 countries. At a time when the arts are increasingly under siege and inaccessible to many, DBC represents a small but increasingly successful effort to redress this situation.
If e-mail could speak, what would it say? Interviewing objects in a digital world
Authors: Turville Joni A. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
E-mail today is ubiquitous, but we rarely stop to consider its effects. This article employs a post-humanistic approach to research called ‘interviewing objects’ as a way to uncover e-mail’s manifold impacts on our everyday lives. Interviewing objects gathers a set of heuristics drawn from media ecology, phenomenology, postphenomenology and Actor–Network Theory. Its purpose is to interview or to catch insightful glances of a technology in action. Via this approach, I investigate what e-mail may be saying and producing in our personal and professional lives, such as making it easy to compose and forward messages, creating a feeling of immediacy and the urge to read and respond to an e-mail at any time or place. Attending to what e-mail does for us in both positive and less positive ways may help us consider how we may use this digital tool more thoughtfully.
Transformations, fractures and boundaries: The case of Stadtpunkte in the Mannheimer Cityscape
Authors: Atkinson Joshua 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The following essay describes a case study of the cityscape of Mannheim, Germany, in which I examined placement of historical markers – called Stadtpunkte – throughout the city. The study reveals that such markers can facilitate transformations of space and constructions of alternative cityscapes in a way similar to past observations concerning space, cityscape and media. In addition, the research demonstrates the potential for the construction of a participatory civic identity for people who engage with the markers. However, the findings also suggest that the absence of markers in parts of the city can create performative boundaries that shift identity for people passing through those spaces.