bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aerobic bacterial profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of chronic suppurative otitis media in tertiary care hospital
Authors: Naz Ruby , Farooqui Mohammad Khalid , Hora Shilpi , Vijay Anubha 
Published: September 2024

: Chronic suppurative otitis media(CSOM) is a chronic inflammation of the middle ear cleft characterised by persistent tympanic membrane perforation with intermittent or continuous purulent or mucopurulent discharge from the ear canal for more than 2 weeks to three months.: We collected 249 growth isolates from patients of CSOM. We isolated and identified the common organism of CSOM and studied antibiotic susceptibility patterns. : In our study, patient ages range from 1 year to 75 years. Most patients were male. the maximum number of patients (69%) were from age group 1-15. The most common organisms isolated were Spp (37%), followed by (30%) and (14%). Majority of Spp is were susceptible to Imepenem (100%), Piperacillin-Tazobactam (77%) and Amikacin (69%). Majority of the other Gram negative bacilli isolates were also susceptible to these antibiotics. Most of the Staphylococci were susceptible to linezolid and ofloxacin. 39% of Spp and 34% of were multidrug resistant (MDR). Spp. followed by Staphylococcus Spp were the two common causative organisms of CSOM. Based on this study, suggestions for empirical antibiotics are Amikacin for gram negative bacilli and ofloxacin for Staphylococcus Spp.
Family Structure and Female Enrollment into Engineering and Technology Programmes in English Speaking State Universities of Cameroon
Authors: Cheny Nfor, Julius , Nkepah Beyoh Dieudone 
Published: September 2024

This study seeks to find out the influence of family structure composition and gender beliefs on female enrolment in to Engineering and Technology programmes in the English speaking state universities in Cameroon. The methodology used in this study was an explanatory sequential mixed method design where data were collected from 276 students from the two universities and an interview administered to 10 parents whose children are enrolled in any engineering or technology department within the two English speaking state universities in Cameroon. The data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire administered to the students and an interview guide administered to the parents. The data collected were analyzed descriptively and Point Biserial Correlation Analysis was also used to find the relationship between Family Structure Composition and Female Enrolment in Engineering and Technology Programmes. Paired Sample T-Test was also used to find out if gender within the family has an impact on enrolment in engineering and technology programmes and finally a Binary Logit Regression was used to show the impact of family structure on Female Enrolment in Engineering and technology Programmes. Findings from this study indicates that there is a weak relationship between family structure composition and female enrolment in engineering and technology. Indicating that performance in sciences and subsequent enrolment in engineering and technology by female students are supported by other factors other than the family structure. Paired sample T-Test and Binary logit regression analysis indicates a strong family belief system that female children should pursue the art discipline and this beliefs had a significant impact on female enrolment in engineering and technology fields. Parents should be encouraged to devote the same amount of their resources in educating their girl child as they do for the male children. House chaos and other constrains should be adequately managed within the family during school periods and negative family beliefs that have an impact on the schooling of the girl child should be avoided.
SINGLE-STAGE AND SIMPLE FABRICATION OF PE FILMS DECORATED WITH HALLOYSITE NANOTUBES
Authors: Kovinchuk Iryna , Sokolsky Georgii , Lazzara Giuseppe 
Published: September 2024

Background. Environmental pollution with plastic waste is a global problem that requires the search for effective and safe ways of disposal or processing of secondary raw materials. The use of catalysts for this purpose is a promising direction for research.
Objective. In this work, a method of introduction of nanomaterials on the surface of a polyethylene film by partially dissolving the upper layer of the polymer in a heated nanomaterial suspension, namely aluminosilicate halloysite nanotubes in cyclohexane, was developed.
Methods. Thermogravimetric, optical, and dynamic mechanical analyses of synthesised samples were carried out, and their properties were compared with reference samples of pure polyethylene and treated without the addition of nanomaterial.
Results. It was achieved by the introduction of halloysite nanotubes in the amount of a maximum of 2.83 % by mass after immersion of the film in the suspension at a temperature of 50 °C for 120 seconds. The resulting film showed a wetting angle value of 77.11o, while for the reference sample without HNT it was 99.24o, which indicates the presence of hydrophilic nanotubes in the PE surface layer.
Conclusions. At the same time, the synthesised samples showed a significant decrease in mechanical properties, such as elasticity and tensile strength, due to the destructive effect of the solvent on the polymer.
On quinary semiring and properties of its special subsets
Authors: Janan Tuhfatul 
Published: September 2024

In this research, we will discuss about quinary semiring and properties of its special subsets. This concept is a generalization of ternary semiring. If ternary semiring only involves 3 elements in multiplication operation, then in quinary semiring there are 5 elements involved. The method in this research is a literature study on articles in international journals. In this research, some definitions and properties of quinary semiring and some ideals are given, such as prime ideal, completely semiprime ideal, ideal which has insertion property, and prime radical. In addition, special subsets of quinary semiring are defined by and . Next, we give some properties of these special subsets.
Survival Analysis of Penile Cancer Patients Using Cox-Proportional Hazard and GPT-4
Authors: Wiyanti Wiwik 
Published: September 2024

Today, in 2024, the evolution of the evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) is very impressive. An AI product that continues to develop is ChatGPT. The threat of ChatGPT to some job professions is real. Beside that, ChatGPT also helps many professions make their work easier. In this research, we analyze the survival analysis of penile cancer patients. The design of this research is mixed-method (quantitative-qualitative). The quantitative and qualitative methods that were used are Cox-proportional hazards and GPT-4, respectively. Based on quantitative analysis, it can be concluded that the Survival and Hazard model for study penile cancer are and , respectively. The predicted chances of survival and death for the patient in stage 2, 14 days after surgery, are 40% and 60%, respectively. Based on qualitative analysis, GPT-4 cannot quantitatively obtain the cox proportional hazard number. However, even so, GPT4 can read the cox proportional hazard output image, providing Python and R survival analysis coding quite perfectly. Thus, the qualitative method's conclusion is that GPT-4 can greatly assist data analysts in their analysis of survival data.
WITHDRAWN: A fairer way to compare researchers at any career stage and in any discipline using open-access citation data
Authors: Bradshaw Corey , Chalker Justin , Crabtree Stefani , Eijkelkamp Bart , Long John , Smith Justine , Trinajstic Kate , Weisbecker Vera 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

25 September, 2024. Research Square has withdrawn this preprint as it was requested after the work was already published at a peer reviewed journal, which is in conflict with our editorial policy regarding postprints.
A Mechanistic Approach to Elucidate the Molecular Basis of Amelioration of Perinatal Undernutrition Induced Cognitive Impairment Using Astaxanthin and DHA in the Adult Life of Albino Wistar Rats
Authors: M Damodara Gowda K , Bhat Megha , Hegde Pramukh , Rai Praveen , Sadananda Monika 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Maternal nutrition has been recognized as a significant component of brain growth and maturation in most mammalian species. Here, we showed that the downregulation of BDNF, NT-3, CREB, and UCP2 gene expressions in perinatally undernourished animals in their adult life was mitigated by Astaxanthin and DHA. We also found that maternal undernutrition reduced the pups’ weight at birth considerably and remained decreased throughout the study. Maternal AsX and DHA supplementation ameliorated the undernutrition-induced learning impairment in NOR test and partially baited radial arm maze tasks. Furthermore, the expressions of Synapsin-1 and PSD-95 decreased in perinatally undernourished groups compared to control, and AsX-DHA treated groups at CA1, CA2, CA3, and DG, respectively. Our results identified a signalling pathway that mediates perinatal undernutrition stress-induced cognitive decline via intracellular signalling cascades like MAPK, PI3K, and PLC, triggering neuronal differentiation, survival, and plasticity, indicating the critical time for the reversal of undernutrition-induced cognitive impairment.
An Empirical Study of Value Evaluation by Multi-criteria Decision Analysis for Orphan Medicinal Product
Authors: Tang Xian , Chen Handong , Xiang Yuliang , Hu Ming 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
To conduct an empirical study on the comprehensive value of specific orphan drugs based on the constructed Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) framework, evaluate the feasibility of applying MCDA to evaluate value of orphan drugs, and provide reference for expanding the decision-making ideas and evidence of medical insurance access for orphan drugs.
Methods
Dimethyl fumarate, Laronidase, and Emicizumab were selected as empirical drugs, and collected their empirical data by literature retrieval, third-party data extraction and enterprise consultation. The empirical drugs were scored independently by the research team and stakeholder group based on the constructed MCDA framework and weight, also combined with qualitative evaluation and finally analyzed the results of the MCDA empirical evaluation.
Results
In the quantitative criteria evaluation, the calculated MCDA scores of the three drugs were 0.50, 0.57 and 0.52 respectively by the research team, and 0.47, 0.59 and 0.51 by the stakeholder group, which shows the high scoring consistency of two groups, and the obtained value priority of the quantitative criteria of the three drugs from high to low is Laronidase, Emicizumab, and Dimethyl fumarate. In the qualitative criteria evaluation, the evaluation results of the two groups did not achieve statistically significant consistency, but for the criteria “Mandate and scope of healthcare system” and “Affordability of medical insurance fund”, they scored the same.
Conclusions
The empirical study proves that MCDA is feasible in the evaluation of orphan drug value in China, and can be used as a supplementary tool for the access decision of medical insurance drugs.
Investigation of the Effect of Phenylboronic Acid on Androgen-Dependent (LNCaP) and Androgen-Independent (PC3) Prostate Cancer Cells via MAP Kinases by 2D and 3D Culture Methods
Authors: Gürgen Duygu Gürsoy , Güneş Arzu , Köse Oğuzhan , Kaplan Arife Ahsen , Karabulut Seda , Tunalı M. Başak , Keskin İlknur 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The castration process is able to regress prostate cancer due to its dependence on androgen. After castration, the disease could progress androgen independently. In our study, two prostate cancer cell lines PC3, LNCaP, and normal prostatic epithelial cell line RWPE-1 were used. PBA an essential compound found in nature, was selected as a chemotherapeutic to examine the effects of microtubule-targeted therapy in human prostate cancer. Colchicine, which belongs to the same class of chemotherapeutics, was included in the study as a positive control treatment. The aim of this study examine the cytotoxic effect of PBA on LNCaP, PC-3, and RWPE-1 cells with two different cell culture methods.
Methods
The IC50 values treated to the cells following the viability analyses were performed for PBA and Colchicine in 2D and 3D culture models. Colony formation, proliferation, and migration analyses were performed on prostate cancer cells, and chemotherapeutics’s effects were compared.
Results
In both cancer cell lines, 48 hours of PBA treatment inhibited migration greater than Colchicine. Colony formation analysis showed that the 24 hours PBA treatment prevented the formation. In addition, it was determined that PBA caused a decrease in proliferation parameters in both culture models. The MAPK cellular response induced by PBA was examined by immunofluorescence intensity analysis of kinase proteins of the MAPK pathway, where statistically significant differences were observed between the groups. ERK expression ratio varied in two culture methods, chemotherapeutics, and treatment times. In the 2D culture model, 24 hours of PBA treatment caused a decrease in JNK expression in PC3 and LNCaP cells. Both chemotherapeutic treatments resulted in an increase in p38 expression ratio in PC3 spheroids. On the semi-thin sections, the morphological deformation effect of PBA on cancer cells was pronounced. Morphological defects caused by PBA were first visualized in this study at the ultrastructural level.
Conclusion
Antimitotic chemotherapeutics may trigger different metabolic responses and also divergences in the signaling mechanisms within different cells. PBA has an anticancer effect potential including inhibiting proliferation and migration. The lower toxicity of PBA on RWPE-1 is remarkable for being a potential chemotherapeutic option in future research.
Green Tourism Meets Virtual Reality: Behavioral Intentions of Chinese Eco-Conscious Travelers
Authors: Wang Linqiang , Wang Zhihui , Huang Xiaoting , Zang Luning 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The primary aim of this study is to investigate the factors that influence the behavioral intentions of Chinese green tourists within the realm of virtual tourism experiences, utilizing a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods. To accomplish this, we initiated the study with grounded theory as our starting point, conducting 36 comprehensive interviews with Chinese green tourists. These interviews were meticulously coded and subjected to in-depth analysis, leading to the development of a robust research model outlining the factors influencing Chinese green tourists' behavioral intentions towards virtual tourism experiences. Subsequently, we conducted a quantitative analysis of 740 collected questionnaires concerning behavioral intentions towards virtual tourism experiences, subjecting each variable within the theoretical model to empirical testing. The results unequivocally demonstrate that Chinese green tourists' cognitive factors, perception factors, experience type factors, and social situation factors all wield significant influence over their behavioral intentions towards virtual tourism experiences. This study provides nuanced insights into factors shaping green tourists' decisions and highlights virtual tourism's growing importance in sustainable travel. It offers valuable guidance for researchers and industry practitioners aiming to enhance virtual tourism experiences for environmentally conscious Chinese tourists, contributing to the discourse on sustainable tourism and the potential for a more ecologically sustainable future.
The heterogeneous effect of immigration on firm performance
Authors: Trionfetti Federico , Karamollaoğlu Nazlı 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This paper focuses on the heterogeneity of the effects of immigration across firms depending on the capital intensity of the firm. We build a model that allows us to capture this heterogeneity unambiguously. We use data from Turkey, where refugees from Syria have reached 4.5\% of the Turkish population in only nine years. Our empirical analysis is based on IV and Difference-in-Differences (Diff-in-Diff) methodologies. We find that immigration favors labor-intensive firms. The effect on capital-intensive firms is negative in sign but does not reach statistical significance.
J.E.L. codes: F14, F22
The Social Costs of Pesticides: A Meta-Analysis of the Revealed and Stated Preference Literature
Authors: Rufo Elvia , Brouwer Roy , Beukering Pieter van 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Pesticide use poses major public health risks and raises environmental concerns globally. We synthesize three decades of stated and revealed preference approaches that estimate the social cost of pesticide use through consumer and producer willingness-to-pay (WTP) to prevent or reduce the risks involved. We contribute to the existing literature by demonstrating that the social costs of pesticides vary significantly depending on risk types and levels, where they occur, who is exposed and their risk aversion. The estimated global annual average of $51 per capita in 2021 price levels is substantial in view of the fact that a third of the studies have a low baseline risk. Consumers and producers worldwide share concerns about pesticide risks to their health and the environment. However, there is a need to raise awareness about actual risk exposure levels and public health impacts. Leaving this information out in valuation studies significantly reduces WTP. Equally important is the need to further harmonize stated and revealed preference valuation research design and reporting to facilitate the application of previous study findings to new policy and decision-making contexts.
JEL codes: I18, Q51, Q18
Association of Cathepsins with Muscle &amp; Joint Diseases (BMJD) : a Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Yang Wei , Han Xiuzhen , Cui Miao , Yang peng , LI zhenhua 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Muscle & Joint Diseases (BMJD) is a group of orthopedic diseases, including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, bone tumors and myositis. It is the largest disabling disease in the world, but the specific pathogenesis of BMJD is still unclear and needs further research and exploration.Cathepsins are proteinases mainly present in lysosomes (lysosomes). Some studies have shown that cathepsins may be one of the causes of BMJD. The specific relationship between them may help us to have a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis, pathological process, treatment and prognosis of the disease, guiding the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the disease, but the relationship between the two needs further confirming.We hope through this study, we can reveal the relationship between cathepsin and BMJD, so as to further explore the potential causes and risk factors of BMJD, make more accurate diagnosis and treatment decisions, form new treatment methods and prevention strategies, contribute to clinical work, and promote the progress and development of medicine.
Identification of secretory protein related Biomarkers for Primary Biliary Cholangitis based on Machine Learning and experimental validation
Authors: Xu Zihao , Cai Yue , Liu Yifan , Xu Jun , Guo Sheng , Zhou Lihan , Ji Yang , Zhan Lei , Cheng Liangbin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is challenging to diagnose and treat due to its insidious onset. This study aimed to identify effective diagnostic biomarkers for PBC by focusing on secreted proteins through bioinformatics approaches. Two PBC-related bulk datasets, GSE119600 and GSE61260, were retrieved from the GEO database for analysis and validation, respectively. Gene sets related to secreted proteins were sourced from the THPA database. The analysis of GSE119600 included differential expression analysis, WGCNA, immune infiltration analysis, and enrichment analyses. By intersecting differentially expressed genes (DEGs), WGCNA hub module genes, and genes related to secreted proteins, 18 candidate genes were identified. Machine learning techniques—LASSO, random forest, GMM, and SVM-RFE—narrowed these to four hub genes: CSF1R, PLCH2, SLC38A1, and CST7. The diagnostic performance of these genes was assessed using LDA, QDA, Bayesian test, and Nomogram methods, with internal and external validation AUC values of 0.867 and 0.722, respectively. Experimental validation in PBC model mice confirmed that the expression of these genes was significantly altered. These findings suggest that CSF1R, PLCH2, SLC38A1, and CST7 could serve as novel diagnostic biomarkers for early PBC detection and provide insights into its underlying mechanisms.
Impacts of climate change and human activities on global groundwater storage from 2003-2022
Authors: Zhang Jiawen , Liesch Tanja , Goldscheider Nico 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Groundwater is integral to land surface processes, significantly influencing water and energy cycles, and it is an important resource for drinking water and ecosystems. Climate change and anthropogenic impacts have an ever-increasing influence on the water cycle and groundwater storage in recent decades. This study leverages GRACE and ERA5 data to analyze groundwater storage variability from 2003 to 2022, with a 1° spatial resolution. Approximately 81% of global regions have shown significant groundwater storage changes, with 48% experiencing declines and 52% observing increases. Approximately 3.2 billion people live in regions where groundwater has significantly declined over the past 20 years. Findings indicate considerable global groundwater changes, with depletion hotspots (> 20 mm/year) in northern India, the North China Plain, eastern Brazil, the Middle East, and around the Caspian Sea. Analysis by climatic region showed that the most pronounced groundwater declines occurred in arid and semi-arid areas with an aridity index between 0.1 and 0.5, highlighting regions with sparse vegetation and fragile ecosystems. In terms of climate change, compared to precipitation, meteorological drought and wetness are the primary climatic factors influencing the distribution of groundwater storage. Groundwater depletion is primarily caused by unsustainable extraction, especially for irrigation. GRACE data facilitates global monitoring, underscoring the need for long-term dynamic observation to inform sustainable groundwater management policies crucial for regions facing groundwater depletion to ensure long-term freshwater resource sustainability.