bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kant’s Cognitive Semantics, Newton’s Rule 4 of Experimental Philosophy and Scientific Realism Today
Authors: Westphal Kenneth R. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractKant’s Critique of Pure Reason contains an original and powerful semantics of singular, specifically cognitive reference which has important implications for epistemology and for philosophy of science (and which is entirely independent of Transcendental Idealism). Here I argue that Kant’s cognitive semantics directly and strongly supports Newton’s Rule 4 of Experimental Philosophy in ways which support Newton’s realism about gravitational force. I begin with Newton’s Rule 4 and its role in Newton’s justification of realism about gravitational force (§ 1). I then briefly summarize Kant’s semantics of singular cognitive reference (§ 2), and show that it is embedded in, and strongly supports, Newton’s Rule 4, and that it rules out not only Cartesian physics (per Harper) but also Cartesian, infallibilist presumptions about empirical justification generally (§ 3). This result exposes a key fallacy in Bas van Fraassen’s main argument for his anti-realist Constructive Empiricism, and in many common objections to realism (§ 4). These problems reveal yet a further important regard in which Constructive Empiricism is not (so to speak) ‘empirically’ adequate, not even to Classical Newtonian Mechanics (§ 5). This inadequacy of Constructive Empiricism highlights a chronic empiricist misunderstanding of Newton’s mechanics (§ 6). Finally, Kant’s cognitive semantics improves upon the semantic interpretation of scientific theories, and rectifies the presumption that laws of physics literally ‘lie’ (§ 7). Thus Kant and Newton still have invaluable lessons for contemporary philosophy and history of science (§ 8).
Kant on Doxastic Voluntarism and its Implications for Epistemic Responsibility
Authors: Cohen Alix 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis paper shows that Kant’s account of cognition can be used to defend epistemic responsibility against the double threat of either being committed to implausible versions of doxastic voluntarism, or failing to account for a sufficiently robust connection between the will and belief. Whilst we have no direct control over our beliefs, we have two forms of indirect doxastic control that are sufficient to ground epistemic responsibility. It is because we have direct control over our capacity to judge as well as the epistemic principles that govern belief-acquisition that we have indirect control over the beliefs we thereby acquire.
The Influence of Self-Efficacy, Perceived Usefulness, Accessibility and Utilisation of Internet Resources as Determinants of Research Productivity of Lecturers in Universities of Agriculture in Nigeria
Authors: Ajegbomogun Fredrick Olatunji , Popoola Sunday Olarenwaju 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHigh agricultural research productivity by scientists and the promotion of agricultural education through universities of agriculture is critical for Nigeria’s food security. This study examined the influence of self-efficacy, perceived usefulness, accessibility and utilization of Internet information resources as predictors of research productivity of lecturers in universities of agriculture in Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. Data collected were analysed using percentages, mean, multiple Pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis. The results of these analyses revealed that selfefficacy, perceived usefulness, accessibility of Internet resources, and utilisation of Internet resources contributed significantly to research productivity of the respondents. The reports identified inconsistencies in public electric power output as well as inadequate infrastructural support, particularly telecommunication facilities. The study concluded that there is a need to give priority to self-efficacy when recruiting people for a lecturing jobs in the universities in order to develop an intrinsic drive for knowledge creation that will build positive attitudes towards enhancing research. Similarly, given the current trend in the communication revolution, there is also a need to overhaul the universities’ resources to enhance research productivity in developing countries.
Use and Perceptions of Online Academic Databases among Croatian University Teachers and Researchers
Authors: Dukić Darko 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to establish the extent to which Croatian university teachers and researchers use online academic databases in their work. In addition, the research looks into the ways they perceive certain aspects of database usage. The study focused on one university, but it is believed that the results could be replicated state-wide since the Croatian academic community is small and faces similar problems. The survey was conducted by means of a questionnaire. A total of 102 questionnaires were fully completed and used in the study. Apart from the descriptive statistics, inferential statistical methods were applied in order to analyze the differences between particular categories of users. The results show that 73.5% of respondents use online academic databases. These resources are more frequently used by university teachers holding a PhD, who are full, associate or assistant professors. It was also established that users assess online databases as an important source of information which reduces the time of research, but they also encounter certain difficulties in exploiting them. These refer primarily to the limited number of available commercial databases and the fact that full texts are often not accessible. The analysis of group differences revealed that with respect to gender, level of education and academic title, users had relatively uniform perceptions regarding online databases. The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of online database users’ perceptions and needs. The results may also be useful in planning, designing and implementing training programs.
Do Islamic Succession Laws for Muslim Women Violate the Current Human Rights Framework? Developing an Ethical Working Model for Muslim Minority Nations
Authors: Thompson Brooke 
Published: August 2016

AbstractManaging the issue of a Muslim minority has been an important question for some Western democracies over the last 50 years, and different states have implemented varying frameworks to grant some sort of group autonomy to Muslim minorities in a show of support for diversity. In recent years, however, scholarly analysis of these frameworks has exposed some of the vulnerabilities women from Islamic minorities face when navigating personal status systems. This article explores some of those frameworks and the ways democratic nations grapple with the rights granted to women under a human rights agenda, and the conflicting tension between these rights and the rights of women in Islamic personal status law. This article will focus particularly on Islamic inheritance laws and the way these laws interact with the legal systems of India and the United Kingdom. Part I will address the conflict between theories of liberal multiculturalism and feminism, and discuss the common desire for Muslim minorities to exercise some sort of control in the areas of personal status laws (being marriage, divorce, custody and inheritance). Parts II and III seek to contextualize and outline women’s rights within both the general international human rights framework and the Islamic inheritance law framework. Parts IV and V will then explore the two different ways that India and the United Kingdom grant autonomy to Islamic minorities and address vulnerabilities women face in a human rights context. Analysis of these systems will show that it remains questionable whether they comply with each country’s international law obligations. Finally, Part VI of this article will outline a proposed working model drawing on Shachar’s intersectionist approach to recognize and prioritize the multiple identities of Muslim women and the necessity for inter and intra group dialogue in resolving tensions between minority rights and the rights granted to women within the human rights framework.
The crystal structure of 4-[(benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethylene)-amino]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, C19H17N3O3
Authors: Aqlan Faisal M. S. , Nadeem Arshad Muhammad , Asiri Abdullah M. , Khan Khalid A. , Zayed Mohie E. M. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
C19H17N3O3, monoclinic, P21/a (no. 14), a = 7.1173(4) Å, b = 25.051(2) Å, c = 9.3822(8) Å, β = 100.484(6)°, V = 1644.9(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0571, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1457, T = 296 K.
A cross-cultural gender analysis of the pragmatic functions of conceptual metaphor in Spanish and English newspapers
Authors: Pérez-Hernández Lorena 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Most gender studies performed from a cognitive perspective focus on the description of metaphors underlying the conceptualization of men and women in different cultures. Little attention has been paid so far to gender-related aspects of the pragmatic uses of conceptual metaphors. This paper analyzes a corpus of opinion columns by two groups of contemporary Spanish and English journalists (male versus female journalists) with a view to identifying the pragmatic functions of the cognitive metaphors found in their discourse. Such metaphors have turned out to act as either mitigating or intensifying devices of the writers’ claims. From a gender perspective, a tendency has been observed for male journalists to use conceptual metaphors in order to intensify axiologically negative opinions or descriptions, while female journalists tend to make use of them for the mitigation of negative descriptions. In both cases, metaphor is also used for the creation of humor, but while male journalists do so by means of downgrading others, female journalists repeatedly play themselves down in an attempt to gain the readers’ sympathy through laughter. These general tendencies have been found to be largely modulated by culture-specific pragmatic factors (i. e. preference for indirectness) and maxims (i. e. Modesty and Approbation).
Physiological markers of biased decision-making in problematic Internet users
Authors: Nikolaidou Maria , Fraser Danaë Stanton , Hinvest Neal 
Published: August 2016

Background and aims
Addiction has been reliably associated with biased emotional reactions to risky choices. Problematic Internet use (PIU) is a relatively new concept and its classification as an addiction is debated. Implicit emotional responses were measured in individuals expressing nonproblematic and problematic Internet behaviors while they made risky/ambiguous decisions to explore whether they showed similar responses to those found in agreed-upon addictions.

Methods
The design of the study was cross sectional. Participants were adult Internet users (N = 72). All testing took place in the Psychophysics Laboratory at the University of Bath, UK. Participants were given the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) which provides an index of an individual’s ability to process and learn probabilities of reward and loss. Integration of emotions into current decision-making frameworks is vital for optimal performance on the IGT and thus, skin conductance responses (SCRs) to reward, punishment, and in anticipation of both were measured to assess emotional function.

Results
Performance on the IGT did not differ between the groups of Internet users. However, problematic Internet users expressed increased sensitivity to punishment as revealed by stronger SCRs to trials with higher punishment magnitude.

Discussion and conclusions
PIU seems to differ on behavioral and physiological levels with other addictions. However, our data imply that problematic Internet users were more risk-sensitive, which is a suggestion that needs to be incorporated into in any measure and, potentially, any intervention for PIU.
Maybe you should blame your parents: Parental attachment, gender, and problematic Internet use
Authors: Jia Ronnie , Jia Heather H. 
Published: August 2016

Background and aims
Prior research has generally established parental attachment as a predictor of problematic Internet use (PIU). However, findings across studies are inconsistent as to which factor(s) of attachment style (i.e., attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance) contributes to PIU. Another gap in the literature is that as most studies highlight the importance of maternal (over paternal) attachment security in inhibiting PIU, little research has examined the possibility of a gender difference, where maternal and paternal attachment securities may exert different influences on males and females.

Methods
An anonymous survey was completed by 243 undergraduate students in a public university in the U.S. Midwest. In addition to demographic information, the survey contained measurement scales to assess PIU and parental attachment (both maternal and paternal).

Results
Survey data show that (a) attachment anxiety, but not attachment avoidance, is significantly related to PIU and (b) gender significantly moderates this relationship, where paternal attachment anxiety leads to PIU in female students while maternal attachment anxiety contributes to PIU in male students.

Conclusions
This study deepens our understanding in the relationship between family upbringing, particularly parental attachment, and PIU. More specifically, attachment anxiety is found to be a significant predictor of PIU, but attachment avoidance is not. Also, contributing to the research literature is the finding of a significant gender effect in this relationship.
Knowledge Translation Capacity of Arts-informed Dissemination: A Narrative Study
Authors: Lapum Jennifer L , Liu Linda , Church Kathryn , Hume Sarah , Harding Bailey , Wang Siyuan , Nguyen Megan , Cohen Gideon , Yau Terrence M 
Published: August 2016

Background: Arts-informed dissemination is an expanding approach to enhancing knowledge translation in the health sciences. Problematic is the minimal evaluation studies and the rare reporting of the influencing factors of knowledge translation. “The 7,024th Patient” is a research-derived art installation created to disseminate findings about patients’ experiences of heart surgery and the importance of humanistic patient-centred care approaches. The current study’s purpose was to explore how arts-informed dissemination (i.e., “The 7,024th Patient”) influenced healthcare practitioners’ delivery of care.Methods: An arts-informed narrative study was guided by the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services framework. The sample included a multi-disciplinary group of 19 individuals who worked with patients undergoing and recovering from heart surgery. Two interviews were conducted with each participant at the time of viewing the installation and 6 months later. A narrative analysis was conducted using Pictorial Narrative Mapping techniques.Results: Study findings indicated that the arts as a form of evidence provide an experiential and aesthetic encounter, which stimulated reflective practice. Participants’ accounts reflected cognitive and behavioral modifications related to empathy, holistic approaches and relational care. However, the complexities associated with the interpretive process and the influencing knowledge translation elements indicated a need to dialogue about the translation process, including deconstructing the evidence within the context of one’s own practice.Conclusions: Art is not just works of beauty or eccentric paintings. There is an imaginative and aesthetic capacity that can be cultivated with diligence, creativity, and rigour in the world of healthcare research and knowledge translation. Next steps require the examination of the knowledge translation capacity of different art forms with a range of populations and disciplines. Additionally, this study suggests the need to explore arts-informed dissemination that draws upon a more dialogical intervention in which knowledge users are involved in the interpretive processes of knowledge translation.
Organisational Effectiveness of NGOs with Reference to Personal Characteristics of Staff
Authors: Balaraju K. 
Published: August 2016

<div><p><em>Measuring Organisation effectiveness in the perspective of NGOs staff can give more effective feedback, with this feedback NGOs can able to know the strengths and weaknesses in given dimensions. The present study attempts to analyse an organizational effectiveness of NGOs as perceived by staff. The data have been collected from ten NGOs working in Telangana, India. Select NGOs identified by using Stratified disproportionate sampling method in which 100 staff members from 10 NGOs have responded. This study uses the standardised 28 items scale i.e. NGOs Effectiveness Instrument (NEI) to measure the Organisational effectiveness developed by Swapan Garian(1993) additionally 3 items have been included in the instrument. The result indicated that organisational effectiveness of NGOs affected by NGOs staff personal characteristics namely gender, age, professional qualification, designation, place of work and work experience. The reasons have also been discussed.</em></p></div>
Clinical Impact of Trunnion Wear After Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Lanting Brent , Naudie Douglas D.R. , McCalden Richard W. 
Published: August 2016

➢ Trunnionosis, characterized by corrosion and fretting of the taper, is a well-known entity commonly demonstrated in retrieval specimens. While there have been a number of recent reports regarding the potential for adverse local tissue reactions related to trunnionosis, it remains a relatively infrequent cause for failure of total hip replacement implants.➢ A number of factors, including both biomechanical and bioelectrochemical factors, have a known impact on the development and severity of trunnionosis. Furthermore, specific implant design and material-related factors have been shown to influence the risk of trunnionosis leading to adverse local tissue reactions.➢ Retention of a well-fixed femoral stem, in spite of corrosion of the male taper junction, is acceptable in the majority of cases.➢ A ceramic head, often in combination with a titanium adaptor sleeve, is the most common replacement reported in the current literature to treat trunnionosis.➢ In patients with modular-neck total hip replacements, revision of the femoral stem is likely required if corrosion at the modular neck-stem junction is encountered.
Economic benefits of education – Kosovo Perspective
Authors: Reçi MSc. Arbër , Gjonbalaj Dr.Sc. Mujë 
Published: August 2016

The future of economy and society of a country depends largely from the education of the labour force and advancement of their knowledge. The process of individual education does not end with graduation, but is a continuous process, in the function of economic competitively. Economic development and welfare are closely connected to investment in education. Considering that education investment is a heavy burden on taxpayers, high costs of education have been an object of debate in governments in terms of efficiency and rate of return. In circumstances in which economic and social development of Kosovo thrives, education is a challenge, but it is also an opportunity for important and inclusive change.Confident of the key role of education in economic development, the paper puts a special accent on economic benefits of an individual from higher education. Apart from this accent, a summary of empirical studies, which reflect facts and analysis of various countries, on economic benefits of education. Empirical analysis in many countries have shown that the role of education is key in a global competition, where knowledge is the key to success of economy and social development. From this perspective, young and vital population is the most important resource of Kosovo, the relevance of which will be assessed by the knowledge and skills acquired in institutions of higher education, very demanded in the labour market, as an important factor of economic and social change in the country. The results so far have shown that the investment rate of 3.3% of Gross Domestic Product allocated to education (around 6,0% in developed countries) is insufficient for the Kosovo’s economy to compete successfully with economies of other countries, in premises of an already global competition.
Social distance in terms of demographic features – Kosovo population study
Authors: Arënliu Dr.Sc. Aliriza , Bërxulli Dr.Sc. Dashamir , Haskuka Dr.Sc. Mytaher 
Published: August 2016

Kosovo aims for development of a state over the Kosovo state identity, which includes all communities living in Kosovo. Integration of all communities in public institutions and life remains one of the challenges of Kosovo society. The social distance refers to the extent of understanding of another group, which characterizes parasocial and social relations. Another definition is the lack of availability and relations in being open to others. Bogardus states that social distance is an outcome of affective distance between members of two groups. Earlier studies have shown that the social distance or gap is related to the ethnic background, education level and earlier interaction with other ethnic groups. Also, studies have shown a link with social/political activism. Further, it has been proven that social distance is manifested at three different spatial dimensions, their own self in a reciprocal co-product: physical, symbolical and geometric. The study aims to explicate social distance in a relation with demographic records of respondents to a research undertaken in Kosovo in 2010, in which 1296 citizens (64.4% Albanians, 13.9% Serbs, 6.9% Turkish, 5% Roma/Ashkali/Egyptian (RAE), 6.9% Bosnian and 2.7% others). Social distance has been measured by asking the respondents about the groups or persons they would object in terms of neighborhood: they, who speak another language, have another religion, have homosexual orientation, etc. Comparisons of average social distance in relation with ethnic sub-groups, gender, level of education, experience in earlier trips to the countries of the European Union (EU), size of settlement and the region of origin of the respondent, show significant differences, at p < 0.05. Also, the research also reviewed the link between social activism and activism in civil society and social distance. In these terms, outcomes are less clearer, thereby suggesting that social activism or activism in civil society not necessarily influences the narrowing of the social gap. Outcomes are discussed in due account of permanent efforts to involve minorities in governance and public life in Kosovo.