bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Auswertung Interner Qualitätskontrollen: Vergleich zwischen der Rili-BÄK und den 1:2s und 1:3s-Westgard Regeln
Authors: Petersmann Astrid , Nauck Matthias , Fuentes-Arderiu Xavier , Kallner Anders 
Published: January 2016

Zusammenfassung

Einleitung: Die Leistungsfähigkeit von Messverfahren in medizinischen Laboratorien wird im Allgemeinen überwacht durch das regelmäßige Messen von einem oder mehreren Qualitätskontrollmaterialien, sogenannten internen Qualitätskontrollen. Die Bewertung des Messergebnisses der Qualitätskontrolle führt zur Annahme oder zur Sperrung von Patientenmessergebnissen und erfolgt gemäß anerkannten Regeln und gesetzlicher Vorgaben.

Methoden: Varianzen von Qualitätskontrollmessungen sowie die Zielwerte für die Westgardauswertung wurden während einer ersten Phase (Vorperiode) ermittelt. In der darauf folgenden zweiten Phase (Messphase) wurden die Qualitätskontrollergebnisse gemäß der deutschen Rili-BÄK und gemäß den Westgard 1:2s und 1:3s Regeln für vier beispielhaft ausgewählte Messverfahren verglichen, die folgende Charakteristika aufwiesen: Geringe Unpräzision und geringe Unrichtigkeit (Glukose im Plasma), große Unpräzision und geringe Unrichtigkeit (Phenobarbital im Serum), geringe Unpräzision und große Unrichtigkeit (Natrium im Urin) sowie große Unpräzision und große Unrichtigkeit (Magnesium im Plasma).

Ergebnisse: Das Ergebnis der Bewertung gemäß der Westgard-Regeln (1:2s und 1:3s) ist stark abhängig von der Vorperiode, wohingegen die Bewertung durch die Rili-BAEÄK auf den einheitlich vorgegebenen Grenzen und den bindenden Zielwerten beruht. Die Anzahl der Grenzverletzungen, die von der Rili-BÄK bzw. den Westgard 1:2s und 1:3s Regeln erkannt wurden, unterscheiden sich zum Teil deutlich. Die Rili-BÄK Grenzen für die Plasma-Glukose erscheinen großzügig vor dem Hintergrund der Leistungsfähigkeit des verwendeten Messverfahrens.

Schlussfolgerung: Durch die definierten Zielwerte und Bewertungsgrenzen hat die Rili-BÄK das Potential, die Harmonisierung von Patientenergebnissen klinisch-chemischer Untersuchungen, die in unterschiedlichen Laboratorien erstellt werden, zu verbessern. Laboratorien, die gemäß der Westgard-Regeln eine Bewertung der internen Qualitätskontrolle durchführen und Zielwerte und Bewertungsgrenzen demzufolge intern und unabhängig von anderen Laboratorien ermitteln, müssen sich für die Harmonisierung von Patientenergebnissen auf die externe Qualitätskontrolle verlassen.
Synthesis of Core/Shell CuO-Zno Nanoparticles and Their Second-Harmonic Generation Performance / Kodols/Čaula Cuo-Zno Nanodaļiņu Sintēze Un To Spēja Ģenerēt Otrās Harmonikas Signālu
Authors: Tamanis E. , Sledevskis E. , Ogurcovs A. , Gerbreders V. , Paskevics V. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The present paper presents the method for obtaining core/shell CuO-ZnO nanoparticles and nanocoatings by using a commercially available vacuum coating system. Initially generated Cu-Zn core/shell nanoparticles have been oxidised with a highly reactive atomic oxygen beam. Second-harmonic generation has been observed in the obtained samples. The dependence of second- harmonic intensity on the wavelength of the exciting radiation is shown in the paper.
Reduction of Electric Breakdown Voltage in LC Switching Shutters / Elektriskās Caursites Sprieguma Samazināšana Šķidro Kristālu Šūnās
Authors: Mozolevskis G. , Ozols A. , Nitiss E. , Linina E. , Tokmakov A. , Rutkis M. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Liquid crystal display (LCD) industry is among the most rapidly growing and innovating industries in the world. Here continuously much effort is devoted towards developing and implementing new types of LCDs for various applications. Some types of LCDs require relatively high voltages for their operation. For example, bistable displays, in which an altering field at different frequencies is used for switching from clear to scattering states and vice versa, require electric fields at around 10 V/μm for operation. When operated at such high voltages an electrical breakdown is very likely to occur in the liquid crystal (LC) cell. This has been one of the limiting factors for such displays to reach market.
In the present paper, we will report on the results of electrical breakdown investigations in high-voltage LC cells. An electrical breakdown in the cell is observed when current in the liquid crystal layer is above a specific threshold value. The threshold current is determined by conductivity of the liquid crystal as well as point defects, such as dust particles in LC layer, pinholes in coatings and electrode hillocks. In order to reduce the currents flowing through the liquid crystal layer several approaches, such as electrode patterning and adding of various buffer layers in the series with LC layer, have been tested. We demonstrate that the breakdown voltages can be significantly improved by means of adding insulating thin films.
Superdiffusion of Carbon by Vacancies Irradiated with Soft X-Rays in CZ Silicon / Superdifūzija Ar Vakancēm Iestarota Ar Mīkstajiem Rentgenstariem CZ Silīcijā
Authors: Janavičius A. J. , Mekys A. , Purlys R. , Norgėla Ž. , Daugėla S. , Rinkūnas R. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The soft X-ray photons absorbed in the inner K, L, M shells of Si atoms produce photoelectrons and Auger electrons, thus generating vacancies, interstitials and metastable oxygen complexes. The samples of Czochralski silicon crystals covered with 0.1 μm thickness layer of carbon have been irradiated by X-rays using different voltages of Cu anode of the Russian diffractometer DRON-3M. The influence of X-rays on the formation of point defects and vacancy complexes, and their dynamics in Cz-Si crystals have been studied by infrared absorption. We have measured and calculated dynamics of concentration of carbon and interstitial oxygen using FTIR spectroscopy at room temperature after irradiation by soft X-rays. Using transmittance measurements and nonlinear diffusion theory we have calculated densities increasing for substitutional carbon and interstitial oxygen by reactions and very fast diffusion. The superdiffusion coefficients of carbon in silicon at room temperature generated by X-rays are about hundred thousand times greater than diffusion coefficients obtained for thermodiffusion.
Some identities of degenerate special polynomials
Authors: Kim Dae San , Kim Taekyun 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this paper, by considering higher-order degenerate Bernoulli and Euler polynomials which were
introduced by Carlitz, we investigate some properties of mixed-type of those polynomials. In particular, we give
some identities of mixed-type degenerate special polynomials which are derived from the fermionic integrals on Zp
and the bosonic integrals on Zp.
Existence, decay and blow up of solutions for the extensible beam equation with nonlinear damping and source terms
Authors: Pişkin Erhan 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
We consider the existence, both locally and globally in time, the decay and the blow up of the solution for
the extensible beam equation with nonlinear damping and source terms. We prove the existence of the solution by
Banach contraction mapping principle. The decay estimates of the solution are proved by using Nakao’s inequality.
Moreover, under suitable conditions on the initial datum, we prove that the solution blow up in finite time.
Laws of large numbers for ratios of uniform random variables
Authors: Adler André 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Let {Xnn n ≥ 1} and {Yn, n ≥ 1} be two sequences of uniform random variables. We obtain various strong and weak laws of large numbers for the ratio of these two sequences. Even though these are uniform and naturally bounded random variables the ratios are not bounded and have an unusual behaviour creating Exact Strong Laws.
Results for Mild solution of fractional coupled
hybrid boundary value problems
Authors: Baleanu Dumitru , Jafari Hossein , Khan Hasib , Johnston Sarah Jane 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The study of coupled system of hybrid fractional differential equations (HFDEs) needs the attention of
scientists for the exploration of its different important aspects. Our aim in this paper is to study the existence and
uniqueness of mild solution (EUMS) of a coupled system of HFDEs. The novelty of this work is the study of a
coupled system of fractional order hybrid boundary value problems (HBVP) with n initial and boundary hybrid
conditions. For this purpose, we are utilizing some classical results, Leray–Schauder Alternative (LSA) and Banach
Contraction Principle (BCP). Some examples are given for the illustration of applications of our results.
Linear relations between modular forms for Г0
+(p)
Authors: Choi SoYoung , Kim Chang Heon 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
We find linear relations among the Fourier coefficients of modular forms for the group Г0
+(p) of genus
zero. As an application of these linear relations, we derive congruence relations satisfied by the Fourier coefficients
of normalized Hecke eigenforms.
Boundedness of Toeplitz type operators
associated to Riesz potential operator
with general kernel on Orlicz space
Authors: Chen Dazhao 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this paper, the boundedness properties for some Toeplitz type operators associated to the Riesz
potential and general integral operators from Lebesgue spaces to Orlicz spaces are proved. The general integral
operators include singular integral operator with general kernel, Littlewood-Paley operator, Marcinkiewicz operator
and Bochner-Riesz operator.
Inequalities of harmonic univalent
functions with connections
of hypergeometric functions
Authors: Sokół Janusz , Ibrahim Rabha W. , Ahmad M. Z. , Al-Janaby Hiba F. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Let SH be the class of functions f = h+g that are harmonic univalent and sense-preserving in the open
unit disk U = { z : |z| < 1} for which f (0) = f'(0)-1=0. In this paper, we introduce and study a subclass
H( α, β) of the class SH and the subclass NH( α, β) with negative coefficients. We obtain basic results involving
sufficient coefficient conditions for a function in the subclass H( α, β) and we show that these conditions are also
necessary for negative coefficients, distortion bounds, extreme points, convolution and convex combinations. In this
paper an attempt has also been made to discuss some results that uncover some of the connections of hypergeometric
functions with a subclass of harmonic univalent functions.
The general solution for impulsive differential
equations with Riemann-Liouville
fractional-order q ∈ (1,2)
Authors: Zhang Xianmin , Agarwal Praveen , Liu Zuohua , Peng Hui 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this paper we consider the generalized impulsive system with Riemann-Liouville fractional-order
q ∈ (1,2) and obtained the error of the approximate solution for this impulsive system by analyzing of the limit
case (as impulses approach zero), as well as find the formula for a general solution. Furthermore, an example is
given to illustrate the importance of our results.
Coupled fixed point theorems for (α, φ)g-contractive type mappings
in partially ordered G-metric spaces
Authors: Chen Jianhua , Huang Xianjiu 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a new concept of (α, φ)g-contractive type mappings and establish coupled
coincidence and coupled common fixed point theorems for such mappings in partially ordered G-metric spaces. The
results on fixed point theorems are generalizations of some existing results.We also give some examples to illustrate
the usability of the obtained results.
Parabolic variational inequalities
with generalized reflecting directions
Authors: Rotenstein Eduard 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
We study, in a Hilbert framework, some abstract parabolic variational inequalities, governed by reflecting
subgradients with multiplicative perturbation, of the following type:
y´(t)+ Ay(t)+0.t Θ(t,y(t)) ∂φ(y(t))∋f(t,y(t)),y(0) = y0,t ∈[0,T]
where A is a linear self-adjoint operator, ∂φ is the subdifferential operator of a proper lower semicontinuous convex function φ defined on a suitable Hilbert space, and Θ is the perturbing term which acts on the set of reflecting directions, destroying the maximal monotony of the multivalued term. We provide the existence of a solution for the above Cauchy problem. Our evolution equation is accompanied by examples which aim to (systems of) PDEs with perturbed reflection.
Automatic Laser Interferometer And Vision Measurement System For Stripe Rod Calibration
Authors: Zhao Min , Huang Qiu-Hong , Zhu Ling-Jian , Qiu Zong-Ming 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In order to calibrate the stripe precision of a leveling rod, an automatic laser interferometer and a vision measurement system were designed by Xi’an University of Technology in China. The rod was driven by a closed-loop control and the data were collected at the stop state to ensure precision. The laser interferometer provided not only the long distance data but also a position feedback signal in the automatic control loop. CCD camera and a vision measurement method were used to inspect the stripe edge position and defect. A pixel-equivalent self-calibration method was designed to improve precision. ROI (regions of interest) method and an outline tracing method were designed to quickly extract multiple stripe edges. A combination of the image data with the interferometer data reduces control difficulty and ensures the measurement accuracy. The vision measurement method reached sub-pixel precision and the defective edges were reported. The system can automatically calibrate a stripe leveling rod with a high degree of efficiency and precision.
Application Of Bias Randomization In Evaluation Of Measuring Instrument Capability
Authors: Fotowicz Paweł 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The paper deals with the problem of bias randomization in evaluation of the measuring instrument capability. The bias plays a significant role in assessment of the measuring instrument quality. Because the measurement uncertainty is a comfortable parameter for evaluation in metrology, the bias may be treated as a component of the uncertainty associated with the measuring instrument. The basic method for calculation of the uncertainty in modern metrology is propagation of distributions. Any component of the uncertainty budget should be expressed as a distribution. Usually, in the case of a systematic effect being a bias, the rectangular distribution is assumed. In the paper an alternative randomization method using the Flatten-Gaussian distribution is proposed.
The Influence Of Propagation Environment On The Accuracy Of Emission Source Bearing
Authors: Ziółkowski Cezary , Kelner Jan Marcin 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This paper focuses on the radio direction finding (DF) in multipath environments. Based on the measurement results presented in the open literature, the authors analyse the influence of environment transmission properties on the spread of the signal reception angle. Parameters that define these properties are rms delay and angle spreads. For these parameters, the mutual relationship is determined. This relationship is the basis for assessment of the required number of bearings that minimize the influence of the environment on the accuracy of DF procedure. In the presented analysis, the statistical properties of the signal reception angle are approximated by the normal distribution. The number of bearings versus the rms delay spread is presented as the main objective of this paper. In addition, a methodology of the bearings’ spatial averaging that provides better estimation of the reception angle is shown.
Experimental Observation Of Nonlinear Vibrations Using A Closed-Loop Vibration System
Authors: de Barros Everaldo , d’Andrade Souto Carlos , Mathias Mauro Hugo 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This paper presents experimental observation of nonlinear vibrations in the response of a flexible cantilever beam to transverse harmonic base excitations around its flexural mode frequencies. In the experimental setup, instead of manual control of the signal excitation frequency and amplitude, a closed-loop vibration system is used to keep the excitation amplitude constant during the frequency sweep and to increase confidence in the experimental results. The experimental results show the presence of the third mode in the response when varying the excitation frequency around the fourth mode. The frequency-response curves, response spectrum and Poincaré plots were used for characterization of nonlinear dynamic behaviour of the beam.
Stars’ Centroid Determination Using PSF-Fitting Method
Authors: Suszyński Robert , Wawryn Krzysztof 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis paper presents an algorithm for restoring telescope images corrupted by turbulence effects and readout noise of a telescope system in order to determine centroid positions of stars, especially the position of a reference star. A computation method employing an accurate centroid estimation algorithm reconstructing apoint spread function(PSF) from the recorded astronomical images has been used. Minimisation of turbulence effects and telescope control system noise in long exposure images acquired and recorded by the ground telescope is proposed. As a solution of the distortion error a minimisation signal is dedicated to GoTo calibration procedures built in control mechanisms of the electromechanical telescope system. The proposed method has been verified in the Matlab environment for real deep sky images recorded by the ground telescope system.
A High Performance Digital Time Interval Spectrometer: An Embedded, FPGA-Based System With Reduced Dead Time Behaviour
Authors: Arkani Mohammad 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIn this work, a fast 32-bit one-million-channel time interval spectrometer is proposed based onfield programmable gate arrays(FPGAs). The time resolution is adjustable down to 3.33 ns (=T, the digitization/discretization period) based on a prototype system hardware. The system is capable to collect billions of time interval data arranged in one million timing channels. This huge number of channels makes it an ideal measuring tool for very short to very long time intervals of nuclear particle detection systems. The data are stored and updated in a built-in SRAM memory during the measuring process, and then transferred to the computer. Twotime-to-digital converters(TDCs) working in parallel are implemented in the design to immune the system against loss of the first short time interval events (namely below 10 ns considering the tests performed on the prototype hardware platform of the system). Additionally, the theory of multiple count loss effect is investigated analytically. Using the Monte Carlo method, losses of counts up to 100million events per second(Meps) are calculated and the effective system dead time is estimated by curve fitting of a non-extendable dead time model to the results (τNE= 2.26 ns). An important dead time effect on a measured random process is the distortion on the time spectrum; using the Monte Carlo method this effect is also studied. The uncertainty of the system is analysed experimentally. The standard deviation of the system is estimated as ± 36.6 ×T(T= 3.33 ns) for a one-second time interval test signal (300 millionTin the time interval).
Surface Topology Reconstruction From The White Light Interferogram By Means Of Prony Analysis
Authors: Khoma Anna , Zygarlicki Jarosław 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe paper presents a new method of surface topology reconstruction from a white light interferogram. The method is based on interferogram modelling by complex exponents (Prony method). The compatibility of white light interferogram and Prony models has already been proven. Effectiveness of the method was tested by modelling and examining reconstruction of tilted and spherical surfaces, and by estimating the reconstruction accuracy.
Comparison Of Cd And Zn Accumulation In Tissues Of Different Vascular Plants: A Radiometric Study
Authors: Dürešová Zuzana , Šuňovská Anna , Horník Miroslav , Pipíška Martin , Gubišová Marcela , Gubiš Jozef , Lesný Juraj 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The aim of the present work was to compare the accumulation and translocation of Cd and Zn in plants of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), celery (Apium graveolens L.), maize (Zea mays L.), giant reed (Arundo donax L.), and alpine pennycress (Noccaea caerulescens L.) under conditions of short-term hydroponic experiments using nutrient solutions spiked with radionuclides 109Cd or 65Zn, and direct gamma-spectrometry. It was found that the time-course of metals accumulation in studied plants was not different in terms of target metal, but it was significantly different on the level of plant species. The highest values of Cd accumulation showed plants of giant reed, whereby the accumulation decreased in the order: giant reed > tobacco > alpine pennycress >> maize and celery. On the basis of concentration ratios (CR) [Me]shoot / [Me]root calculation for both metals, it was found that Cd and Zn were in prevailing part accumulated in the root tissues and only partially accumulated in the shoots, where the amount of accumulated Cd and Zn increased from the oldest developed leaves to the youngest developed leaves. The CR values corresponding to these facts were calculated in the range 0.06 – 0.27 for Cd and for Zn 0.06 – 0.48. In terms of plant species, the CR values obtained for Cd decreased in the order: maize > celery > tobacco and giant reed > alpine pennycress. The similarity between studied objects – individual plant species on the basis of the obtained variables defining Cd or Zn accumulation at different conditions of the experiments as well as the relationships between obtained variables and conditions of the experiments were subjected to multivariate analysis method – cluster analysis (CA). According to the findings and this analysis, it can be expected that plants of tobacco and giant reed will dispose with similar characteristics as plants of alpine pennycress, which are classified as Zn/Cd hyperaccumulators, in terms of Cd or Zn accumulation and other positive parameters for their utilization in phytoremediation processes and techniques.