bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of various formulation ingredients on thermal characteristics of PVC/clay nanocomposite foams: experimental and modeling
Authors: Moghri Mehdi , Dragoi Elena Niculina , Salehabadi Ali , Shukla Devesh Kumar , Vasseghian Yasser 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The effect of various ingredients – nanoclay (NC), azodicarbonamaide (ADCA), paraloeid K-400 and calcium stearate (Ca.St) – on thermal behavior of melt blended poly (vinyl chloride)/NC nanocomposites was investigated. Combinations of two artificial intelligence algorithms were performed for modeling of the systems. The formulation ingredients affect the thermal features of the compounds. Upon increasing the effect of various ingredients, i.e. NC, ADCA, K-400 and Ca.St, an increase in ash content was observed, hence, the thermal stability increased. The effect of ingredients on initial degradation temperature (T5%) and half degradation temperature (T50%) was not obvious. The artificial neural network (model) and the clonal selection algorithm (optimizer) were performed for proper modeling of the systems. These models were used to determine the role of T5%, T50% and char based on the contents of ingredients. The result successfully modeled the process parameters.
Comparative study of crystallization and lamellae orientation of isotactic polypropylene by rapid heat cycle molding and conventional injection molding
Authors: Li Jiquan , Yang Shaoguang , Turng Lih-Sheng , Zheng Wei , Jiang Shaofei 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The crystallization and orientation of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) molded by rapid heat cycle molding (RHCM) and conventional injection molding (CIM) were studied. Due to the varying cooling rates and shearing, the molded parts exhibited a multilayered structure (skin, shear and core) across the part thickness, reflecting different degrees of crystallization and lamellae orientation of iPP. The morphology evolution of RHCM products was discussed based on the comparative research of morphology and structure at multiple sites on the RHCM and CIM specimens. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) were used to analyze the thickness, crystallinity and lamellae orientation of these three distinct layers. The crystallization and lamellae orientation of iPP correlated strongly with the multilayered structure. In the RHCM process, one side of the mold is equipped with the rapid heat cycle function. The thickness and lamellae orientation next to the heated surface were less than that of the opposite skin layer without heating. Meanwhile, the crystallinity was greater than that of the opposite skin layer.
Gas Flow Monitoring in High and Low Reynolds Regimes Based on Compensated FMCW-Radar Phase Measurements
Authors: Hattenhorst Birk , Baer Christoph , Musch Thomas , Jaeschke Timo , Pohl Nils 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this contribution, a composite measurement concept for the gas flow determination in diverse stream scenarios is presented. The approach utilizes the pressure- and mixing-dependent relative permittivity of gaseous media, which, in case of a vortex or a marker gas, creates a detectable variation in the measuring beam of the radar. Since the measurement effect is very small, phase measurements based on highly precise and low jitter frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar systems in different frequency bands are applied. Moreover, disturbances caused by vibrations of the measurement setup are compensated out of the measurement signal.
Shape control of silver selenide nanoparticles using green capping molecules
Authors: Sibiya Nokwethemba Precious , Moloto Makwena Justice 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Employing a capping agent during the synthesis of nanoparticles has been reported to play a role in controlling size and shape of the nanoparticles. Due to this reason, this study reports the synthesis of silver selenide nanoparticles using different environmentally friendly capping agents (green tea, glucose, ascorbic acid and chitosan) in order to investigate their effect on the size and shape of the nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that the nanoparticles have different shapes (rods, spheres and cubes) with an average size of 8–96 nm depending on the capping agent used. Fourier transformer infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed that the capping of nanoparticles was successful, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the nanoparticles have an orthorhombic phase.
Dreyfus, Zola und die Graphologen. Vom Expertenversagen zum Intellektuellensieg?
Authors: Hirschi Caspar 
Published: December 2016

Zusammenfassung
Die Dreyfus-Affäre gilt gemeinhin als Sieg der Wissenschaft und Intelligenz über die Armee und Justiz. Dieser Aufsatz stellt diese Sicht in Frage und entwickelt eine neue Erklärung für die Rolle der Wissenschaft und für den Aufstieg der Intellektuellen im Verlauf des Skandals. Er untersucht die Expertisen, die Wissenschaftler zum Hauptbeweisstück des Spionagefalls – einem Begleitschreiben zu Geheimdokumenten – abgegeben haben. Die Analyse zeigt, dass es allen Experten in den ersten Jahren des Skandals an einer bewährten Methode fehlte, um die Frage nach der Autorschaft des Schreibens zu beantworten. Dieses Manko hielt aber kaum einen davon ab, den eigenen Befund als unumstößliche Gewissheit zu präsentieren – unabhängig davon, ob er Dreyfus für schuldig oder unschuldig hielt. So kam es auf beiden Seiten zu Fehlurteilen im Gewand von Tatsachenbehauptungen. Verantwortlich dafür waren nicht nur politischer Druck und ideologische Voreingenommenheit, sondern auch das positivistische Wissenschaftsideal, das die damalige Forschungskultur von der Physik bis zur Philologie prägte. Im Feld der Handschriftenanalyse hatte der Positivismus den Aufstieg einer neuen Wissenschaft begünstigt, die methodische Exaktheit versprach: der Graphologie. In den ersten Jahren der Affäre verfassten Graphologen vielbeachtete Gutachten für und gegen Dreyfus und verunmöglichten es methodisch konservativeren Handschriftenexperten, sich mit dem Prinzip der epistemischen Vorsicht Gehör zu verschaffen. Zum Zeitpunkt, als Émile Zola mit der Publikation von „J’Accuse...!“ die Dreyfus-Affäre zum Eskalieren brachte, hatten die Graphologen allerdings ihr Pulver schon verschossen. Die Rolle des Intellektuellen, wie sie Zolas Anhänger in Auseinandersetzung mit den Antidreyfusards entwickelten, kann als eine Kompensationsfigur für das kollektive Expertenversagen verstanden werden. Sie eröffnete die Möglichkeit, mit moralischem Furor die methodischen Blößen wettzumachen, die sich Wissenschaftler in der Expertenrolle eingehandelt hatten. Allerdings gerieten die Dreyfusards im Intellektuellengewand selbst in epistemische Untiefen – dann nämlich, wenn sie Moral und Methode als zwei Seiten derselben Medaille darstellten.
Experimental studies on the treatment of streptococcal infections with hyperbaric oxygenation
Authors: Wolański Władysław , Ulewicz Kazimierz , Kierznikowicz Brunon 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe article presents the results of research into the therapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygenation on bacterial infections performed on an animal model. The studies were performed on Porton mice infected intraperitoneally with haemolysing streptococci and later subjected, over a 3-day period, to 5 exposures of hyperbaric oxygenation at a pressure of 2.8 ata. Depending on the research group, the treatment was commenced after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours from the moment of infection. Some of the animals died during the experiment.8 and 12 days from the date of infection, selected animals of each group were put to death and subjected to post mortem examination. A statistically significant positive effect of hyperbaric treatment on the survival rate, as well as on the development of complications (liver abscesses), was observed in those animals where the hyperbaric oxygenation was applied at an early stage. In groups where the therapy was initiated later, no positive effect was noted, and the complications tended to develop more rapidly.
Pilot-scale study of the radiation-induced silica removal from underground brackish water in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aljohani Mohammed S. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Silica scaling deposition in industrial water systems is one of the biggest challenges facing the water treatment industry due the low solubility of the scalants in the feed waters. In this preliminary work, we investigated the effectiveness of the ionizing radiation induced removal of silica in water sample from the Salbukh, Saudi Arabia, water treatment plant by using metallic iron as the source of ferric hydroxide to co-precipitate the silica. The influence of several reaction parameters, i.e. iron powder dosage, radiation dose, initial pH and equilibrium pH effect were investigated. In the optimum conditions, up to 75% of silica was removed. This preliminary study showed that this environmentally friendly process is effective in silica removal from underground water.
Role of ABC transporters in the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Zhao Yan , Hou Deren , Feng Xialu , Lin Fangbo , Luo Jing 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily is a large family of proteins that transport specific molecules across membranes. These proteins are associated with both cholesterol metabolism and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Cholesterol homeostasis has a key role in AD, and ABC transporters are important mediators of lipid transportation. Emerging evidence suggests that decreased expression and hypofunction of ABC transporters are crucial to the occurrence and development of AD. In the present article, we review the current knowledge regarding ABC transporters and speculate on their role in the pathogenesis of AD.
Generalized partial linear varying multi-index coefficient model for gene-environment interactions
Authors: Liu Xu , Gao Bin , Cui Yuehua 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Epidemiological studies have suggested the joint effect of simultaneous exposures to multiple environments on disease risk. However, how environmental mixtures as a whole jointly modify genetic effect on disease risk is still largely unknown. Given the importance of gene-environment (G×E) interactions on many complex diseases, rigorously assessing the interaction effect between genes and environmental mixtures as a whole could shed novel insights into the etiology of complex diseases. For this purpose, we propose a generalized partial linear varying multi-index coefficient model (GPLVMICM) to capture the genetic effect on disease risk modulated by multiple environments as a whole. GPLVMICM is semiparametric in nature which allows different index loading parameters in different index functions. We estimate the parametric parameters by a profile procedure, and the nonparametric index functions by a B-spline backfitted kernel method. Under some regularity conditions, the proposed parametric and nonparametric estimators are shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. We propose a generalized likelihood ratio (GLR) test to rigorously assess the linearity of the interaction effect between multiple environments and a gene, while apply a parametric likelihood test to detect linear G×E interaction effect. The finite sample performance of the proposed method is examined through simulation studies and is further illustrated through a real data analysis.
Subjektform ›Systemtheoretiker‹
Authors: Assmann David-Christopher 
Published: December 2016

AbstractConventionally, systems theory is not only considered to be a sociological approach that questions the empirical existence and importance of ›subjects‹ in social practices, but to have itself a decentralized, non-hierarchical, desubjectivated structure. Analysing texts and paratexts of its most famous author Niklas Luhmann, the article argues that specific forms of presenting sociological systems theory nonetheless lead to effects of subjectification
Inédit 2 (1984): Les universaux de la narrativité
Authors: Greimas Algirdas J. , Perron Paul 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis lecture delivered at Victoria College, University of Toronto, concentrates on defining the status to be accorded to any universals. Underlining his desire that semiotics avoid epistemological dissensions and focus instead on establishing its effectiveness, Greimas recalls that he has adopted an “agnostic” constructivist stance and thus declined to affirm whether universals exist in the world or only in the mind. Following Hjelmslev’s middle way, he has identified a set of undefinable terms, then employed them to define each other in a coherent deductive axiomatic. Empirically, he distinguishes different kinds of universals. Absolutely necessary such terms include the interdependent concepts of description and relation. He further distinguishes between paradigmatic and syntagmatic universals. The former notably include the elementary category of the collective semantic universe, nature-culture, and that of the individual semantic universe, life-death. For his fundamental syntactic universal, Greimas declined to adopt the traditional propositional form comprising subject, copula, and predicate, and has opted instead for an alternative featuring a verbal kernel to which are articulated actants defined through grammatical cases. Semiotics identifies these and other hypothetical universals as metalinguistic terms which describe language and other systems of representation, and which define the conditions of their production and comprehension. In contrast to narratology, semiotics thus situates narrative universals within a comprehensive theory of meaning, with a goal to develop the bases of the human sciences in a manner parallel to the foundations of the life sciences.
Analysis of the Laminar Newtonian Fluid Flow Through a Thin Fracture Modelled as a Fluid-Saturated Sparsely Packed Porous Medium
Authors: Pažanin Igor , Siddheshwar Pradeep G. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this article we investigate the fluid flow through a thin fracture modelled as a fluid-saturated porous medium. We assume that the fracture has constrictions and that the flow is governed by the prescribed pressure drop between the edges of the fracture. The problem is described by the Darcy-Lapwood-Brinkman model acknowledging the Brinkman extension of the Darcy law as well as the flow inertia. Using asymptotic analysis with respect to the thickness of the fracture, we derive the explicit higher-order approximation for the velocity distribution. We make an error analysis to comment on the order of accuracy of the method used and also to provide rigorous justification for the model.
Near Field Heat Transfer between Random Composite Materials: Applications and Limitations
Authors: Santiago Eva Yazmin , Esquivel-Sirvent Raul 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
We present a theoretical study of the limits and bounds of using effective medium approximations in the calculation of the near field radiative heat transfer between a composite system made of Au nanoparticles in a SiC host and an homogeneous SiC slab. The effective dielectric function of the composite slab is calculated using three different approximations: Maxwell-Garnett, Bruggeman, and Looyenga’s. In addition, we considered an empirical fit to the effective dielectric function by Grundquist and Hunderi. We show that the calculated value of the heat flux in the near field is dependent on the model, and the difference in the effective dielectric function is larger around the plasmonic response of the Au nanoparticles. This, in turn, accounts for the difference in the near field radiative heat flux. For all values of filling fractions, the Looyenga approximation gives a lower bound for the heat flux.
Application of the generalized Kudryashov method to the Eckhaus equation
Authors: Arnous Ahmed H. H. , Mirzazadeh Mohammad 
Published: December 2016

In this paper, the generalized Kudryashov method is presented to seek exact solutions of the Eckhaus equation. From these solutions, we can derive solitary wave solutions as a special case. The proposed method is direct, effective and convenient and can be applied to many nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics.
Critical blow-up exponents for a nonlocal reaction-diffusion equation with nonlocal source and interior absorption
Authors: Zheng Jiashan 
Published: December 2016

This paper is concerned with a nonlocal reaction-diffusion equation with the nonlocal source and interior absorption with Dirichlet conditions or Neumann conditions. We investigate the critical blow-up exponents of the problem by constructing adequate supersolutions and subsolutions. Moreover, we show that the blowup rate is the same as the corresponding ODE under the appropriate hypotheses.
Solvability of boundary value problem for second order impulsive differential equations with one-dimensional p-Laplacian on whole line
Authors: Liu Yuji 
Published: December 2016

This paper is concerned with a class of boundary value problems of the impulsive differential equations with one-dimensional p-Laplacian on whole line with a nonCarathéeodory nonlinearity. Sufficient conditions to guarantee the existence of solutions are established. Some examples are given to illustrate the main results.
Glucose sensor based on nanostructured carbon electrode with immobilized PQQ-containing glucose dehydrogenase: Construction, experimental study and mathematical modeling
Authors: Puida Mantas , Dabulytė - Bagdonavičienė Jurgita , Ivanauskas Feliksas , Razumas Valdemaras , Razumienė Julija , Šakinytė Ieva 
Published: December 2016

Oxidized graphite (OG) has been prepared by carrying out the synthesis of graphene in the alkaline media using K3[Fe(CN)6] as the oxidizing agent. This synthesis protocol allowed us to obtain and further to apply the OG as an effective electrode material for the reagentless enzyme electrode in which electron transfer between electrode and enzyme active site proceeds directly, without any additional mediators. Direct electron transfer in this bioelectrocatalytic system has been achieved from the active site of pyrroloquinoline quinone-containing glucose dehydrogenase (PQQ-GDH) to the nanostructurized carbon electrode surface. The numerical modeling of biosensor made possible to determine several structural and kinetic parameters of the sensor constructed. Our model of PQQ-GDH-based biosensor is built under three main assumptions. First, we assume that the electron transfer between enzyme active center and OG proceeds via the electron hopping mechanism, and therefore the rate of this reaction depends on the diffusion coefficient of an electron in OG layer. Second, enzyme is immobilized, and its diffusion coefficient is assumed to be zero. Finally, after the reaction with substrate, enzyme needs to be regenerated by the oxidized functionalities of OG.
Thermoablatiós lehetőségek a benignus térfoglaló képletek gyógyításában
Authors: Deák Pál Ákos , Korda Dávid Ádám , Doros Attila 
Published: December 2016

Abstract: Introduction: Depending on their size and location, some benign tumors can cause prolonged discomfort and even rupture and fatal bleeding in severe cases. Hitherto the therapeutic strategies for such lesions were observation, surgery and in selected cases transarterial embolization. Aim: Our aim was to present the possibilities of thermoablation for treating lesions. Method: Here we present interventions of four patients in Semmelweis University Department of Transplantation and Surgery. A thyroid adenoma and a kidney angiomyolipoma were treated with radiofrequency ablation. Two patients with a liver haemangioma were treated with microwave thermoablation technique. Results: Complications were not observed in any of the cases. In most cases, the size of the treated lesions decreased. The mean decrease in volume was 32.7%. The contrast enhancement of the lesions also decreased, the mean reduction in contrast enhancing volume was 75.3%. Conclusions: Thermoablational procedures for the benign tumors presented above are safe. The therapy shows excellent cosmetic results, a shorter hospital stay and quicker recovery. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(51), 2040–2047.
Járvány után – járvány előtt. Bronchiolitis előfordulása a Bács-Kiskun Megyei Kórház Csecsemő- és Gyermekosztályán
Authors: Ábel Zsófia , Budinkity Bernadett , Svorenj Gábor , Tálosi Gyula 
Published: December 2016

Abstract: Introduction: Bronchiolitis may cause severe respiratory insufficiency in infants and toddlers. Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is its most frequent infective agent. Aim and method: The authors surveyed the incidence of bronchiolitis during the last 6 seasons, examined the epidemic of the 2014/15 season and compared the groups of RSV positive and negative patients. RSV was tested with a quick essay. Anamnestic data, clinical and laboratory parameters were compared. Results: 72 patients were treated with bronchiolitis. RSV test was performed in 61 cases. There were 36 RSV positive and 25 RSV negative patients. There was a high proportion of prematurely born patients (33% versus 18%, respectively). RSV positive children, who required intensive care therapy, were treated significantly longer at the ICU. No further significant difference was found. Conclusions: The 2014/15 bronchiolitis season was heavy and may be instructive before the 2016/17 season. Beside supportive care prevention (passive immunization of the risk groups) is important. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(51), 2034–2039.
Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury in oral and maxillofacial infection with upper airway obstruction due to retropharyngeal abscess a case report
Authors: Kurniawan Irsan , Nurwiadh Agus , Lukman Kiki 
Published: December 2016

Left untreated or not properly managed odontogenic infection can cause spreading into facial spaces. Severe oral and maxillofacial infection can spread systemically and cause sepsis.1 Sepsis can induce unfavorable condition for the kidney, which is Acute Kidney Injury (AKI).2,3 The aim of this paper is to report a rare case of an oral and maxillofacial infection with sepsis-induced AKI and upper airway obstruction which have high mortality rate. The standard treatment consists of proper monitoring of vital function, fluid resuscitation, drainage of accumulated purulence, empirical use of antibiotics chosen to cover the spectrum of potential pathogens until culture results are available, and supplemental oxygen.1,4 This is a case report of a 48 year old female patient with oral and maxillofacial infection suffers sepsis-induced AKI and upper airway obstruction. This patient was diagnosed as right submandibular abscess which has extended into right buccal space, with sepsis, stage I AKI, and upper airway obstruction due to retropharyngeal abscess. We managed this patient with oxygenation, fluid resuscitation, antibiotics and analgesic administration, incision and drainage, and also extraction of mandibular right third molar. Tracheostomy, incision and drainage of retropharyngeal abscess were supposed to be performed by ENT department, but the patient refused. However the patient still survived. In case of oral and maxillofacial infection, the involvement of distant organ should be investigated, because this conditions result in high mortality rate. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are important and able to lead to a better survival.