bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biochemical, Anthropometric and Lifestyle Factors Related with Weight Maintenance after Weight Loss Secondary to a Hypocaloric Mediterranean Diet
Authors: de Luis Daniel Antonio , Izaola Olatz , Primo David , Ovalle Hilda F. , Lopez Juan Jose , Gomez Emilia , Ortola Ana , Aller Rocio 
Published: November 2017

<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of lifestyle factors and molecular biomarkers on the maintenance of the weight lost after a hypocaloric Mediterranean diet. <b><i>Design:</i></b> After 3 months on a diet, patients (<i>n</i> = 335) remained with no controlled diet during 3 years and they were revaluated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Using linear regression, in the group of responders, we detected that a positive weight loss at 3 months, serum levels of leptin at 3 months, and each 30 min per week of physical activity were associated with weight loss maintenance. In the model with reduced weight (RW) as dependent variable, a positive weight loss at 3 months was associated with 2.4% RW (95% CI 1.31–8.11; <i>p</i> = 0.015), each unit of serum leptin levels at 3 months with –0.44% RW (95% CI –0.59 to –0.020; <i>p</i> = 0.007), each basal unit homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) level with –2.32% (95% CI –13.01 to –0.17; <i>p</i> = 0.040), and each 30 min per week of physical activity with 1.58% RW (95% CI 1.08–2.94; <i>p</i> = 0.020). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Obese subjects who are on maintenance weight loss after a dietary intervention appear to have a better initial response during the 3 months intervention, more physical activity at 3 years, and lower basal HOMA-IR and leptin after weight loss than those who regain weight.
Reproducibility of Left Ventricular Dimension Versus Area Versus Volume Measurements in Pediatric Patients With Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Selamet Tierney Elif Seda , Hollenbeck-Pringle Danielle , Lee Caroline K. , Altmann Karen , Dunbar-Masterson Carolyn , Golding Fraser , Lu Minmin , Miller Stephen G. , Molina Kimberly , Natarajan Shobha , Taylor Carolyn L. , Trachtenberg Felicia , Colan Steven D. 
Published: November 2017

Background—
Multiple echocardiographic methods are used to measure left ventricular size and function. Clinical management is based on individual evaluations and longitudinal trends. The Pediatric Heart Network VVV study (Ventricular Volume Variability) in pediatric patients with dilated cardiomyopathy has reported reproducibility of several of these measures, and how disease state and number of beats impact their reproducibility. In this study, we investigated the impact of observer and sonographer variation on reproducibility of dimension, area, and volume methods to determine the best method for both individual and sequential evaluations.

Methods and Results—

In 8 centers, echocardiograms were obtained on 169 patients prospectively. During the same visit, 2 different sonographers acquired the same imaging protocol on each patient. Each acquisition was analyzed by 2 different observers; first observer analyzed the first acquisition twice. Intraobserver, interobserver, interacquisition, and interobserver-acquisition (different observers and different acquisition) reproducibility were assessed on measurements of left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, area, and volume. Left ventricular shortening fraction, ejection fraction, mass, and fractional area change were calculated. Percent difference was calculated as (interobservation difference/mean)×100. Interobserver reproducibility for both acquisitions was better for both volume and dimension measurements (
P
≤0.002) compared with area measurements, whereas intraobserver, interacquisition (for both observers), and interobserver-acquisition reproducibilities (for both observer-acquisition sets) were best for volume measurements (
P
≤0.01). Overall, interobserver-acquisition percent differences were significantly higher than interobserver and interacquisition percent differences (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions—
In pediatric patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, compared with dimension and area methods, left ventricular measurements by volume method have the best reproducibility in settings where assessment is not performed by the same personnel.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00123071.
Rheumatic Heart Disease Treatment Cascade in Uganda
Authors: Longenecker Chris T. , Morris Stephen R. , Aliku Twalib O. , Beaton Andrea , Costa Marco A. , Kamya Moses R. , Kityo Cissy , Lwabi Peter , Mirembe Grace , Nampijja Dorah , Rwebembera Joselyn , Sable Craig , Salata Robert A. , Scheel Amy , Simon Daniel I. , Ssinabulya Isaac , Okello Emmy 
Published: November 2017

Background—
Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a leading cause of premature death and disability in low-income countries; however, few receive optimal benzathine penicillin G (BPG) therapy to prevent disease progression. We aimed to comprehensively describe the treatment cascade for RHD in Uganda to identify appropriate targets for intervention.

Methods and Results—
Using data from the Uganda RHD Registry (n=1504), we identified the proportion of patients in the following care categories: (1) diagnosed and alive as of June 1, 2016; (2) retained in care; (3) appropriately prescribed BPG; and (4) optimally adherent to BPG (>80% of prescribed doses). We used logistic regression to investigate factors associated with retention and optimal adherence. Overall, median (interquartile range) age was 23 (15–38) years, 69% were women, and 82% had clinical RHD. Median follow-up time was 2.4 (0.9–4.0) years. Retention in care was the most significant barrier to achieving optimal BPG adherence with only 56.9% (95% confidence interval, 54.1%–59.7%) of living subjects having attended clinic in the prior 56 weeks. Among those retained in care, however, we observed high rates of BPG prescription (91.6%; 95% confidence interval, 89.1%–93.5%) and optimal adherence (91.4%; 95% confidence interval, 88.7–93.5). Younger age, latent disease status, and access to care at a regional center were the strongest independent predictors of retention and optimal adherence.

Conclusions—
Our study suggests that improving retention in care—possibly by decentralizing RHD services—would have the greatest impact on uptake of antibiotic prophylaxis among patients with RHD in Uganda.
Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China
Authors: Lyu Zhi-Tong , Zeng Zhao-Chi , Wang Jian , Lin Chao-Yu , Liu Zu-Yao , Wang Ying-Yong 
Published: November 2017

The taxonomy of Babina sensu lato was controversial in the past decades. In this study, the phylogeny of genus Babina sensu lato was re-constructed based on genetic analysis, morphological comparison and advertisement call analysis. We found that Babina sensu stricto and previous subgenus Nidirana should be two distinct genera in the family Ranidae. N. caldwelli is confirmed to be a synonym of N. adenopleura because of the small genetic divergence and the lack of distinct morphological differences. A new species, Nidirana nankunensis sp. nov. is described based on a series of specimens collected from Mt. Nankun, Guangdong Province, China, which can be distinguished from other known congeners by having a behavior of nest construction, distinctive advertisement calls, significant divergence in the mitochondrial genes, and a combination of morphological characters. Currently, the genus Babina contains two species and the genus Nidirana contains eight species.
Grooming interchange for resource tolerance: biological markets principles within a group of free-ranging rhesus macaques
Authors: Balasubramaniam K.N. , Berman C.M. 
Published: November 2017

In group-living animals, allogrooming is a common, heterogeneously distributed affiliative behaviour. Among non-human primates, Barrett et al. (1999) predicted ways in which Biological Markets principles interact with competitive regimes to influence grooming reciprocity and interchange. Most tests of these predictions, done at a group level, have produced inconsistent results. Here we take a novel approach by testing these predictions across individuals within a group. This is based on the premise that in groups facing moderate-to-high within-group-competition, individuals vary in their abilities to access resources based on their competitive abilities, causing them to pursue different grooming exchange strategies. We examine evidence for grooming reciprocity and interchange for tolerance at drinking sources among adult females within a group of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) on Cayo Santiago. We test the above premise by assessing hierarchical steepness, and the relationship between individuals’ David’s scores (DS) and access to drinking sources. Finally, we examine the relationship of DS with grooming reciprocity and interchange to see whether they are consistent with the operation of market forces among individuals. Social network comparisons revealed that giving grooming was strongly predicted by both receiving drinking tolerance (interchange) and receiving grooming (reciprocity), despite strong associations with proximity and maternal kinship. The group showed a moderately steep hierarchy, and negative correlations between individuals’ David’s scores and difficulties in accessing drinking stations. Finally, we found partial support for a market-based explanation. Individuals with relatively low David’s scores were more likely to interchange grooming with drinking tolerance. However, grooming reciprocity wasn’t greater among individuals with higher David’s scores. Our findings suggest that multiple explanatory frameworks — reciprocity, market-based interchange, and/or proximity-mediated interchange/social bond investment — may all shape rhesus grooming exchange patterns. Future directions include examining evidence for additional forms of grooming interchange, and the influence of between-group-competition and stress-indicators on grooming reciprocity.
Evaluating the determinants of sugary beverage consumption among overweight and obese adults: An application of the integrative model of behavioural prediction
Authors: Collado-Rivera Maria , Branscum Paul , Larson Daniel , Gao Haijuan 
Published: November 2017

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the determinants of sugary drink consumption among overweight and obese adults attempting to lose weight using the Integrative Model of Behavioural Prediction (IMB). Design: Cross-sectional design. Method: Determinants of behavioural intentions (attitudes, perceived norms and perceived behavioural control [PBC]) and sugary drink consumption (intentions, skills/abilities, environment and PBC) were evaluated using data collected at a weight loss clinic in a southwestern US city ( n = 338). Determinants of attitudes, injunctive norms, descriptive norms and PBC were evaluated using salient beliefs, which were derived from an elicitation study. Results: Using structural equation modelling, two separate models were evaluated. Both models had good fit (combined model – Comparative Fit Index [CFI] = .970, Tucker–Lewis Index [TLI] = .921, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation [RMSEA] = .062; expanded model – CFI = .966, TLI = .911, RMSEA = .060) and accounted for a significant amount of variance for intentions (40.7%–42%) and sugary drink consumption (16.2%). Conclusion: The IMB appears to be an effective model for planning health education interventions. Health practitioners should operationalise behaviour change techniques and strategies that target attitudes, perceived norms and PBC using the salient beliefs evaluated in this study.
The Healthy Fitness Zone Continuum Score as a Measure of Change in Body Mass Index of School-Aged Children and Adolescents, Georgia, 2012-2014
Authors: Saint-Maurice Pedro F. , Welk Gregory J. , Bai Yang 
Published: November 2017

Objectives: The FitnessGram Healthy Fitness Zone continuum (HFZc) score reflects the relative difference of a person’s body mass index (BMI) from the established FitnessGram standard. As such, it may provide added utility for public health programming and research on obesity among school-aged children and adolescents. We used the standard BMI Z (BMIz) score and the alternative HFZc score to describe changes in BMI of school-aged children and adolescents in Georgia over time. Methods: We compiled 2012-2014 BMI data from the Georgia FitnessGram database. The sample included 162 992 boys and 141 711 girls enrolled in 239 schools from a large urban district in Georgia. We analyzed trends in BMIz and HFZc scores separately for normal-weight, overweight, and obese categories for school-aged children and adolescents using hierarchical linear models. Results: From 2012 to 2014, the BMIz score shifted favorably in up to 40.7% (2052/5047) of normal-weight, 51.0% (758/1485) of overweight, and 52.8% (5430/10 279) of obese students. We also found favorable shifts in HFZc score in up to 69.8% (105 831/151 739) of normal-weight, 78.3% (3605/4603) of overweight, and 80.8% (8305/10 279) of obese students. Conclusions: Compared with the BMIz score, the HFZc score may be a better indicator of favorable changes in BMI over time among school-aged children and adolescents with different baseline BMI levels, making it potentially valuable for use in individualized assessments, school programs, obesity research, and public health curriculum and policy development.
Effect of the Strong4Life School Nutrition Program on Cafeterias and on Manager and Staff Member Knowledge and Practice, Georgia, 2015
Authors: Rajbhandari-Thapa Janani , Bennett Ashley , Keong Farrah , Palmer Wendy , Hardy Trisha , Welsh Jean 
Published: November 2017

Objectives: The goal of the Strong4Life School Nutrition Program is to promote healthy eating in school cafeterias in Georgia by training school nutrition managers and staff members to implement changes in the cafeteria to nudge children to make healthier choices. The objective of our study was to evaluate program effect on (1) school nutrition manager and staff member knowledge of evidence-based strategies and their self-efficacy to make positive changes, (2) the school cafeteria environment, and (3) National School Lunch Program participation. Methods: We assessed changes in participant knowledge, beliefs, and self-efficacy by administering a survey before and after training (February-July 2015); a follow-up survey (3 school months posttraining) assessed changes in the cafeteria. A total of 842 school nutrition managers and staff members were trained and completed pre- and posttraining surveys; 325 managers completed the follow-up survey. We used cafeteria records from a subsample of the first schools trained (40 intervention and 40 control) to assess National School Lunch Program participation. Results: From pretraining to posttraining, we found a significant increase in manager and staff member (n = 842) knowledge of strategies for enhancing taste perception through the use of creative menu item names (from 78% to 95%, P < .001) and understanding that food placement in the lunch line influences food selection (from 78% to 95%, P < .001), and in their self-perceived ability to influence the cafeteria environment (from 91% to 96%, P < .001). From pretraining to 3-month follow-up, managers (n = 325) reported increased use of evidence-based serving strategies: visibility (from 84% to 96% for placing healthy options in >2 locations, P < .001), convenience (from 63% to 84% for placing plain milk in front of other beverages, P < .001), sell (from 25% to 38% for branding healthy items with stickers, P < .001), price (from 17% to 27% for using bundle pricing to encourage sales, P < .001), and taste (from 77% to 85% for signage demonstrating the benefits of healthy eating, P = .01). National School Lunch Program participation did not change significantly. Conclusions: Training cafeteria managers and staff members in Smarter Lunchrooms Movement techniques may be an effective way to make changes in the school cafeteria environment to encourage healthier choices among students. Additional studies allowing time for more complex changes to be implemented are needed to assess the full effect of the program.
The Effects of Playing Multiple High School Sports on National Basketball Association Players’ Propensity for Injury and Athletic Performance
Authors: Rugg Caitlin , Kadoor Adarsh , Feeley Brian T. , Pandya Nirav K. 
Published: November 2017

Background: Athletes who specialize in their sport at an early age may be at risk for burnout, overuse injury, and reduced attainment of elite status. Timing of sport specialization has not been studied in elite basketball athletes. Hypothesis: National Basketball Association (NBA) players who played multiple sports during adolescence would be less likely to experience injury and would have higher participation rates in terms of games played and career length compared with single-sport athletes. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: First-round draft picks from 2008 to 2015 in the NBA were included in the study. From publically available records from the internet, the following data were collected for each athlete: participation in high school sports, major injuries sustained in the NBA, percentage of games played in the NBA, and whether the athlete was still active in the NBA. Athletes who participated in sports in addition to basketball during high school were defined as multisport athletes and were compared with athletes who participated only in basketball in high school. Results: Two hundred thirty-seven athletes were included in the study, of which 36 (15%) were multisport athletes and 201 (85%) were single-sport athletes in high school. The multisport cohort played in a statistically significantly greater percentage of total games (78.4% vs 72.8%; P < .001). Participants in the multisport cohort were less likely to sustain a major injury during their career (25% vs 43%, P = .03). Finally, a greater percentage of the multisport athletes were active in the league at time of data acquisition, indicating increased longevity in the NBA (94% vs 81.1%; P = .03). Conclusion: While a minority of professional basketball athletes participated in multiple sports in high school, those who were multisport athletes participated in more games, experienced fewer major injuries, and had longer careers than those who participated in a single sport. Further research is needed to determine the reasons behind these differences.
Financialisation and labour in the Australian commercial construction industry
Authors: Bryan Dick , Rafferty Michael , Toner Phillip , Wright Sally 
Published: November 2017

AbstractFinancialisation and financial risk have become current buzzwords, but the connections between finance and labour are not well developed. Often labour is cast simply as the distributional victim of developments like shareholder value, the privatisation of public infrastructure and labour market reform. This article engages developments in the construction industry and locates a growing financial logic inside ‘production’ and work in that sector. Through the concepts of liquidity and risk, we identify causal connections, not just parallels, between financial innovation and the reorganisation of the logic and structure of work in the Australian construction and property services industry.
Can surgical guidelines minimize complications after Maïa® trapeziometacarpal joint arthroplasty with unconstrained cups?
Authors: Caekebeke Pieter , Duerinckx Joris 
Published: November 2017

The most important complications of trapeziometacarpal arthroplasty are dislocation and component loosening. Incorrect cup position is often a contributing factor. Intra-operative guidelines to optimize cup orientation have recently been described. We evaluated the functional and radiological outcome of 50 Maïa® trapeziometacarpal prostheses that were implanted according to these guidelines. The minimum follow-up was 56 months. No constrained cups were used. Functional outcome was good to excellent. No spontaneous dislocations occurred. No radiological signs of loosening were observed. There was one case of premature wear. The survival rate was 96% (95% confidence interval 85 to 99%) at a mean of 65 months, with two prosthesie removed for posttraumatic trapezial fractures. This study shows that correct implant position can lead to reliable medium-term results after trapeziometacarpal joint arthroplasty. Level of evidence: IV
Flexible semiparametric joint modeling: an application to estimate individual lung function decline and risk of pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis
Authors: Li Dan , Keogh Ruth , Clancy John P. , Szczesniak Rhonda D. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Background
Epidemiologic surveillance of lung function is key to clinical care of individuals with cystic fibrosis, but lung function decline is nonlinear and often impacted by acute respiratory events known as pulmonary exacerbations. Statistical models are needed to simultaneously estimate lung function decline while providing risk estimates for the onset of pulmonary exacerbations, in order to identify relevant predictors of declining lung function and understand how these associations could be used to predict the onset of pulmonary exacerbations.

Methods
Using longitudinal lung function (FEV1) measurements and time-to-event data on pulmonary exacerbations from individuals in the United States Cystic Fibrosis Registry, we implemented a flexible semiparametric joint model consisting of a mixed-effects submodel with regression splines to fit repeated FEV1 measurements and a time-to-event submodel for possibly censored data on pulmonary exacerbations. We contrasted this approach with methods currently used in epidemiological studies and highlight clinical implications.

Results
The semiparametric joint model had the best fit of all models examined based on deviance information criterion. Higher starting FEV1 implied more rapid lung function decline in both separate and joint models; however, individualized risk estimates for pulmonary exacerbation differed depending upon model type. Based on shared parameter estimates from the joint model, which accounts for the nonlinear FEV1 trajectory, patients with more positive rates of change were less likely to experience a pulmonary exacerbation (HR per one standard deviation increase in FEV1 rate of change = 0.566, 95% CI 0.516–0.619), and having higher absolute FEV1 also corresponded to lower risk of having a pulmonary exacerbation (HR per one standard deviation increase in FEV1 = 0.856, 95% CI 0.781–0.937). At the population level, both submodels indicated significant effects of birth cohort, socioeconomic status and respiratory infections on FEV1 decline, as well as significant effects of gender, socioeconomic status and birth cohort on pulmonary exacerbation risk.

Conclusions
Through a flexible joint-modeling approach, we provide a means to simultaneously estimate lung function trajectories and the risk of pulmonary exacerbations for individual patients; we demonstrate how this approach offers additional insights into the clinical course of cystic fibrosis that were not possible using conventional approaches.