bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Vitamins and Minerals at Diagnosis and Follow‐up in Children With Celiac Disease
Authors: Deora Vini , Aylward Nicole , Sokoro AbdulRazaq , El‐Matary Wael 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTObjectives:Children with celiac disease (CD) may experience deficiencies of several micronutrients. The objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies in children with CD at diagnosis, 6 months, and 18 months after the start of a gluten‐free diet (GFD), and examine any correlation between micronutrient deficiencies, serum tissue transglutaminase (TtG) immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody titers, and the degree of mucosal damage at diagnosis.Methods:Children (<17 years) with CD had their serum vitamins, minerals, and anti‐TtG IgA antibodies measured at diagnosis, 6 and 18 months after starting a GFD. Histopathological changes of duodenal biopsies at diagnosis were documented using modified MARSH classification.Results:The medical records of 140 children (mean age at diagnosis 7.8 ± 4.01 years, 87 girls [621%]) with CD were examined. At diagnosis, serum vitamin D was the most commonly deficient vitamin in 70% of children. Serum ferritin was subnormal in 34.5% with zinc in 18.6% children but only 12 (10.9%) children had iron deficiency anemia. There was no correlation between micronutrient deficiencies at diagnosis and serum TtG IgA antibody titers or the degree of villous atrophy. The majority of serum levels of measured micronutrients had normalized after 6 months of starting GFD except for vitamin D, which improved but remained subnormal.Conclusions:At diagnosis, most children with CD have vitamin D deficiency. The degree of micronutrient deficiencies does not correlate with the degree of villous atrophy or serum titers of anti‐TtG IgA antibodies.
Effects of Scheduled Waiting for Psychotherapy in Patients With Major Depression
Authors: Ahola Pasi , Joensuu Mikko , Knekt Paul , Lindfors Olavi , Saarinen Pirjo , Tolmunen Tommi , Valkonen-Korhonen Minna , Jääskeläinen Tuija , Virtala Esa , Tiihonen Jari , Lehtonen Johannes 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The role of nonspecific factors in the outcome of psychotherapy is poorly understood. To study the effects of pretreatment expectancy of scheduled psychotherapy, we examined the effects of an agreed waiting time on the outcome of psychodynamic psychotherapy. Thirty-three treatment-naive outpatients with major depressive disorder were randomly selected to start psychotherapy either directly (DG; n = 17) or after waiting for 6 months (WG; n = 16). In WG, 18% to 60% of the total decline in symptoms took place during the waiting time. After 1 year of active psychotherapy, the anxiety score declined significantly only in WG, and the total length of treatment needed was shorter in WG. No other outcome differences between WG and DG were found. We conclude that scheduled waiting associates with a significant decline in depressive symptoms. Scheduled waiting should be regarded as a preparatory treatment and not as an inert nontreatment control.
Existential Well-Being
Authors: Visser Anja , Garssen Bert , Vingerhoets Ad JJM 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Measures of spirituality often contain the dimension existential well-being (EWB). However, EWB has been found to overlap with emotional and psychological well-being. Using the Spiritual Attitude and Involvement List (SAIL), we have further investigated the overlap between aspects of spirituality and of well-being among patients with cancer, by determining a) the divergent validity of the subscales of the SAIL compared with a well-being questionnaire and b) the differences in their associations to changes in pain and fatigue, and the occurrence of negative life events. Our findings suggest that a sense of trust that one is able to cope with difficulties of life belongs to the realm of well-being, instead of spirituality. Other aspects, such as a sense of meaning in life, seem more similar to spirituality than to well-being. These results can bring researchers a step further toward constructing “pure” spirituality and well-being measures, which will allow them to investigate the (causal) relationship between these constructs.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Parotid Gland Tumors: Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Sequence Evaluation
Authors: Stefanovic Xavier , Al Tabaa Yassine , Gascou Gregory , Lacombe Sandy , Auge Yves , Delort Philippe , Hagen Paul , Garrel Renaud , Bonafe Alain , Daures Jean-Pierre , Vendrell Jean-François 
Published: November 2016

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the characterization of parotid gland tumors.

Methods
Fifty-five parotid lesions in 55 patients were retrospectively included. Two observers interpreted 2 reading protocols derived from all MR imaging in 2 distinct sessions, independently and blinded. Benign versus malignant distinction was carried out for protocol 1 (without contrast administration) and protocol 2 (with dynamic contrast-enhanced sequence). Histopathological results after surgical resection were used as the criterion standard. Diagnostic accuracy was compared between protocols using McNemar test. A P values of less than 0.05 indicated significant difference.

Results
There was no intraobserver statistical discordance between protocols for both observers (P = 0.27 and P = 1). Interobserver reliability showed moderate agreement for protocol 1 (κ = 0.591; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.376–0.806) and 2 (κ = 0.463, 95% CI, 0.226–0.701). Intraobserver reliability showed moderate agreement for observer 1 (κ = 0.507; 95% CI, 0.279–0.736) and 2 (κ = 0.477; 95% CI, 0.241–0.712).

Conclusions
Magnetic resonance imaging protocol including dynamic sequence for the characterization of parotid gland lesion yielded nonsignificant increases in sensitivity, specificity, or positive predictive values, and negative predictive values over noninjected protocol.
Added Value of Parotid R2* Values for Evaluation of Sjögren Syndrome: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Chu Chen , Zhou Nan , Zhang Huayong , Dou Xin , Li Ming , Liu Song , Wang Jie , Chen Weibo , Chan Queenie , Sun Lingyun , He Jian , Zhou Zhengyang 
Published: November 2016

Objective
To explore the application of parotid R2* values for evaluating Sjögren syndrome (SS).

Methods
Twenty-four consecutive SS patients and 24 sex-matched and age-matched healthy volunteers underwent bilateral parotid 3.0 T magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, including blood oxygenation level dependent sequence. Parotid R2* values of SS patients and volunteers were compared. A receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of parotid R2* value alone and in combination with MR nodular grade.

Results
The left parotid R2* value was significantly lower than the right (P = 0.006) in SS patients. Parotid R2* value in SS patients was significantly lower than that in healthy volunteers (P < 0.001). With a cutoff value of 64.14/s, the sensitivity of the parotid R2* value was 62.5% in the diagnosis of SS. By combining R2* value with MR nodular grade, the sensitivity reached 87.5%.

Conclusions
Parotid R2* value contributed to the diagnosis of Sjögren syndrome combined with MR nodular grade.
Imaging of Hereditary Tumors of the Female Genital System
Authors: Rothan Sarah M. , Menias Christine O. , ElGuindy Yehia M. , Jensen Corey T. , Shaaban Akram M. , Bhosale Priya , Lee Michelle V. , Katabathina Venkata S. , Elsayes Khaled M. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Cancers of the female genital system, particularly endometrial and ovarian cancers, can be associated with hereditary cancer syndromes such as hereditary breast and ovarian cancer and Lynch syndrome. Cancers that are found in the setting of a hereditary cancer syndrome are often unique in presentation, clinical features, and pathologic profiles when compared with sporadic tumors. This article reviews the hereditary cancer syndromes associated with gynecological malignancies, as well as the imaging findings and staging system of endometrial and ovarian cancers. These associations are important for proper patient screening, diagnosis, and treatment.
Detection of Bone Marrow Edema Pattern With Dual-Energy Computed Tomography of the Pig Mandible Treated With Radiotherapy and Surgery Compared With Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Poort Lucas J. , Stadler Annika A.R. , Ludlage Johan H.B. , Hoebers Frank J.P. , Kessler Peter A.W. H. , Postma Alida A. 
Published: November 2016

Objective
The aim of the study was to investigate the accuracy of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) compared with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for the detection of edema of the mandible.

Materials and methods
Fifteen adult Göttingen mini pigs received irradiation to the mandible with an equivalent dose of 0, 25, 50, or 70 Gy. Six months after irradiation, all animals underwent DECT and MR imaging of the mandible. Magnetic resonance short tau inversion recovery (STIR) was used for the grading of the bone marrow edema (0–3). Dual-energy CT (80 and 140 kVp) was performed, and virtual noncalcium (VNCa) images were calculated.

Results
Increased signal intensity at STIR was found in the higher radiation groups. An increase of signal intensity in MR imaging was accompanied by a significant increase in the Hounsfield unit value of the VNCa images of the bone marrow (STIR: 0, 1, 2, 3; mean Hounsfield unit: −103, −90, −76, −34, respectively; P < 0.05; R
2 = 0.388).

Conclusions
The VNCa images derived from DECT are able to demonstrate bone marrow edema in radiation-induced bone changes in the mandible.
Radiofrequency Ablation of Hepatic Tumor: Subjective Assessment of the Perilesional Vascular Network on Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography Before and After Ablation Can Reliably Predict the Risk of Local Recurrence
Authors: Yedururi Sireesha , Terpenning Silanath , Gupta Sanjay , Fox Patricia , Martin Sooyoung Shin , Conrad Claudius , Loyer Evelyne M. 
Published: November 2016

Objective
To determine whether simple, subjective analysis of the perilesional vascular network can predict the risk of local recurrence after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of liver malignancies on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT).

Methods
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography's 103 patients (59 men and 44 women; mean age, 63 years (range, 31–84 years) with 134 lesions who underwent RFA between 2000 and 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. The primary tumors include colorectal carcinoma (58 patients), hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 13), breast carcinoma (n = 8), neuroendocrine tumor (n = 5), and others (n = 19). Three blinded radiologists independently reviewed the CECT (a triple phase liver protocol for hypervascular tumors and a single phase for the hypovascular tumors) before and 6 weeks after RFA and subjectively estimated the width of the ablative margin on a 3-point scale (optimal, 1; suboptimal, 2; and residual tumor, 3). Local recurrence was determined on follow-up CECT.

Results
The consensus score was 1 in 94, 2 in 28, and 3 in 12 lesions. κ among readers was 0.75. Local recurrence occurred in 3 lesions with a score of 1 and 12 lesions with a score of 2. The consensus score was a significant univariate predictor of local recurrence.

Conclusions
Subjective estimation of the width of ablative margin can reliably predict the risk of local recurrence.
The Effect of Psychosocial and Neuropsychiatric Factors on Medication Adherence in a Cohort of Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Flower Cindy , Hambleton Ian , Campbell Mike 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundMedication adherence in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) reduces disease activity and the risk of flares.ObjectivesWe evaluated adherence in women with SLE who exhibit high morbidity and mortality. We evaluated demographic data and 2 conventional adherence predictors: self-efficacy and health literacy, along with 2 potential neuropsychiatric SLE complications: cognitive dysfunction and depression.MethodsOne hundred six women randomly selected from the Barbados National Lupus Registry completed the Self-efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale, Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine–Short Form, Cognitive Symptom Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory II, and Morisky’s Medication Adherence Questionnaire (MAQ). This study explored the effects of psychosocial and neuropsychiatric functioning on adherence using ordinal logistic regression.ResultsSixty percent reported high MAQ scores. The probability of high MAQ scores was lower among younger patients (P= 0.001) and those with shorter disease duration (P= 0.05). The probability of high MAQ scores fell with lower perceived self-efficacy (odds ratio [OR], 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73–0.89;P< 0.001), worsening cognitive function (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.84–0.97;P= 0.004), and increasing depression (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.88–0.97;P= 0.002). There was no strong relationship between MAQ score and health literacy (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.13–1.03;P= 0.06).ConclusionWomen with SLE who are younger and those with shorter disease duration should be assessed for medication adherence. Screening at diagnosis followed by routine assessment of cognitive dysfunction and depression along with perceived self-efficacy may further identify the most vulnerable subgroup who should be targeted with personalized intervention strategies.
Comparison of the Detection Rate of Simulated Microcalcifications in Full-Field Digital Mammography, Digital Breast Tomosynthesis, and Synthetically Reconstructed 2-Dimensional Images Performed With 2 Different Digital X-ray Mammography Systems
Authors: Peters Sabine , Hellmich Martin , Stork Alexander , Kemper Jörn , Grinstein Olga , Püsken Michael , Stahlhut Leandra , Kinner Sonja , Maintz David , Krug Kathrin Barbara 
Published: November 2016

Objective
The aim of this study was to compare the microcalcification detectability in an anthropomorphic phantom model regarding number, size, and shape in full-field digital mammography (FFDM), synthetically reconstructed 2-dimensional (Synthetic-2D) images, and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) performed with 2 different x-ray mammography systems.

Materials and Methods
Simulated microcalcifications of different numbers (0 to >39), sizes (diameter, 100–800 μm), and shapes (round vs heterogeneous) were scattered by random distribution on 50 film phantoms each divided in 4 quadrants. The FFDM and DBT x-rays were taken from each of these 50 films with both x-ray mammography systems (SenoClaire; GE Healthcare, Selenia Dimensions, Hologic) using an anthropomorphic scattering body and automatic exposure control. The resulting exposure factors were similar to a clinical setting. The synthetically reconstructed 2D images were generated automatically on both systems. All FFDM, Synthetic-2D, and DBT images were interpreted in randomized order and independently of each other by 6 radiologists using a structured questionnaire.

Results
The number categories of simulated microcalcifications were correctly evaluated in 55.3% of instances (quadrant by reader) in FFDM, 50.9% in the Synthetic-2D views, and 59.5% in DBT, summarized for 200 quadrants per reader for each Device A and B, respectively. Full-field digital mammography was superior to Synthetic-2D (mean difference, 4%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2%–7%; P < 0.001), and DBT was superior to both FFDM (mean difference, 4%; 95% CI, 2%–7%; P = 0.002) and Synthetic-2D (mean difference, 9%; 95% CI, 6%–11%; P < 0.001). This trend was consistent in all subgroup analyses. The number of the smallest microcalcifications (100–399 μm) was correctly evaluated in 25.2% of the FFDM, in 14.2% for Synthetic-2D, and in 28.3% of the DBT images. Underestimations of the number of simulated microcalcifications were more common than overestimations. Regarding the size categories of simulated microcalcifications, the rates of correct assessments were in 45.4% of instances in FFDM, 39.9% in the Synthetic-2D views, and 43.6% in DBT, summarized for 200 quadrants per reader and both imaging devices.

Conclusions
In the presented in vitro environment using an anthropomorphic phantom model, standard full-field digital x-ray mammography was superior to synthetically reconstructed 2-dimensional images in the detection of simulated microcalcifications. In view of these results, it is questionable whether Synthetic-2D images can replace FFDM in clinical examinations at the present time. Further investigations are needed to assess the clinical impact of the in vitro results.
Wavelet-Based Angiographic Reconstruction of Computed Tomography Perfusion Data
Authors: Kunz Wolfgang G. , Schuler Felix , Sommer Wieland H. , Fabritius Matthias P. , Havla Lukas , Meinel Felix G. , Reiser Maximilian F. , Ertl-Wagner Birgit , Thierfelder Kolja M. 
Published: November 2016

Objective
The aim of this study was to test the diagnostic value of wavelet-based angiographic reconstruction of CT perfusion data (waveletCTA) to detect cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) in patients who underwent whole-brain CT perfusion imaging (WB-CTP).

Materials and Methods
Datasets were retrospectively selected from an initial cohort of 2863 consecutive patients who had undergone multiparametric CT including WB-CTP. WaveletCTA was reconstructed from WB-CTP: the angiographic signal was generated by voxel-based wavelet transform of time attenuation curves (TACs) from WB-CTP raw data. In a preliminary clinical evaluation, waveletCTA was analyzed by 2 readers with respect to presence and location of CVST. Venous CT and MR angiography (venCTA/venMRA) served as reference standard. Diagnostic confidence for CVST detection and the quality of depiction for venous sections were evaluated on 5-point Likert scales. Thrombus extent was assessed by length measurements. The mean CT attenuation and waveletCTA signal of the thrombus and of flowing blood were quantified.

Results
Sixteen patients were included: 10 patients with venCTA-/venMRA-confirmed CVST and 6 patients with arterial single-phase CT angiography (artCTA)–suspected but follow-up-excluded CVST. The reconstruction of waveletCTA was successful in all patients. Among the patients with confirmed CVST, waveletCTA correctly demonstrated presence, location, and extent of the thrombosis in 10/10 cases. In 6 patients with artCTA-suspected but follow-up–excluded CVST, waveletCTA correctly ruled out CVST in 5 patients. Reading waveletCTA in addition to artCTA significantly increased the diagnostic confidence concerning CVST compared with reading artCTA alone (4.4 vs 3.6, P = 0.044). The mean flowing blood-to-thrombus ratio was highest in waveletCTA, followed by venCTA and artCTA (146.2 vs 5.9 vs 2.6, each with P < 0.001). In waveletCTA, the venous sections were depicted better compared with artCTA (4.2 vs 2.6, P < 0.001), and equally well compared with venCTA/venMRA (4.2 vs 4.1, P = 0.374).

Conclusions
WaveletCTA was technically feasible in CVST patients and reliably identified CVST in a preliminary clinical evaluation. WaveletCTA might serve as an additional reconstruction to rule out or incidentally detect CVST in patients who undergo WB-CTP.
Prenatal Ultrasound Evaluation of the Position of Conus Medullaris for the Diagnosis of Tethered Cord Syndrome
Authors: He Shao-zheng , Lv Guo-rong , Liu Shun-lan , Ruan Jun-xian 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
To determine the conus distance between the end of the conus medullaris and the distal end of the last vertebral body in healthy fetuses with various gestational ages using ultrasonography for its diagnostic value in tethered cord syndrome (TCS). This retrospective study included 540 healthy and 8 autopsy-confirmed TCS fetuses. Ultrasonographic measurement of the conus distance was performed when the fetus was in a prone position within the spine in the near field at 14 to 41 weeks of gestational age. Linear correlation analysis was performed to analyze the relationship between the conus distance and the gestational age, biparietal diameter, femur length, head circumference, and abdominal circumference. The normal results were compared with 8 cases of postnatally confirmed TCS. In 526 (95.9%) of 548 fetuses, the conus distance was successfully measured. The 95% limits of agreement in measurement of conus distance were −2.2 to 2.6 mm for the intraobserver variability and −3.7 to 3.1 mm for the interobserver variability. Significant correlations between the conus distance and the gestational age, biparietal diameter, femur length, head circumference, and abdominal circumference were observed. The most marked association was found to be between conus distance and femur length. The conus distance was significantly less in TCS fetuses than in healthy fetuses. Ultrasonographic measurement of conus distance is an easy and reliable method to evaluate the position of the conus medullaris and, therefore, can be helpful in the prenatal diagnosis of TCS.
Initial Experience of Video Capsule Endoscopy After Intestinal Transplantation
Authors: Varkey Jonas , Oltean Mihai , Pischel Andreas Bernd , Simrén Magnus , Herlenius Gustaf 
Published: November 2016

Background
Intestinal transplantation is a procedure which inflicts immunological and infectious complications that affect the transplanted graft, posing both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) offers easy access to the entire small intestine and presents itself as an interesting option. However, at present, no studies evaluating the usefulness of video capsule endoscopies in this setting have been published. Our aim was to evaluate the usefulness of VCE in detecting complications that arise after intestinal transplantation.

Methods
We included 7 adult patients with either isolated intestine (n = 1) or multivisceral grafts (n = 6). These patients underwent 12 VCE between 2004 and 2015 at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital. The median age was 42 (21-67) years (4 women/3 men). VCE was used in clinical situations where the conventional diagnostic methods failed to provide answers to the clinical question.

Results
Indications for the procedure were: suspicion of rejection (n = 4 examinations), gastrointestinal dysmotility (n = 4 examinations), high stomal output (n = 2 examinations), suspicion of lymphoproliferative disease in the transplanted graft (n = 1 examination), and clinical surveillance (n = 1 examination). The median time after transplantation for performing an examination was 740 (26-3059) days. VCE was useful in 83% of the examinations and the results influenced the planned management. The overall agreement between VCE findings and biopsies was moderate (κ = 0.54, P = 0.05) but increased when comparing the presence of inflammation/rejection (κ = 0.79, P < 0.001).

Conclusions
VCE is a promising diagnostic method after intestinal transplantation. However, larger studies are needed to evaluate its potential risks and gains.