bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
6‐gingerol effect on rat liver following exposure to gold nanoparticles: From histopathologic findings to inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers
Authors: Fatemi Fatemeh , Vaezi Gholamhassan , Sharafi Shahram , Rahbarian Raheleh 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have unique features which could be beneficial to various aspects of clinics and industry. Long‐term exposure to AuNPs damages the physiologic functions and tissue structure of organs. Gingerol has anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study explored the effect of 6‐gingerol on alleviation of AuNPs exposure effects in rats' liver. Thirty‐two male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups of negative control (received no AuNPs or treatment), positive control (received AuNPs but not treatment), and two study arms (both received AuNPs and one group 50 and the other 100 mg/Kg body weight 6‐gingerol). All injections were performed intraperitoneally. After 30 days, serum levels of ALP, AST, ALT were assessed through ELISA method by an autoanalyzer while GGT, SOD, GPx, CAT, IL‐6, IL‐1β, TNF‐α, CRP, 8‐OHdG, MDA, and Bax/Bcl2 were measured using an ELISA reader. Paraffin‐embedded tissue sections of the livers from all groups were also prepared and H&E staining was performed on them for investigation of tissue changes. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 26 and p = 0.05 was considered as the level of significancy. AuNPs exposure significantly increased the levels of ALP, AST, ALT, GGT, CRP, IL‐6, IL‐1β, TNF‐α, Bax/Bcl2, 8‐OHdG, MDA (p < 0.001) in positive control groups compared to negative controls, while treatment with 6‐gingerol significantly decreased the mentioned enzyme levels (p < 0.001). The level of antioxidant enzymes of SOD, GPx, and CAT, on the other hand, was found to be highest and lowest in negative and positive controls, respectively (p < 0.001). Treatment with 6‐gingerol significantly decreased the mentioned enzyme levels (p < 0.001). Histology results showed no signs of degeneration, necrosis, or immune cell infiltration in negative controls, while positive controls showed dilated central veins and hyperemia along with infiltration of mononuclear immune cells to the portal area, tissue degeneration, and necrosis. The study arms showed improved signs as they showed normal trabecular structures with no clear portal space. Treatment with 6‐gingerol seems to significantly and efficiently reduce the hepatic side effects of AuNPs exposure in Wistar rats.
Equation‐of‐motion orbital‐optimized coupled‐cluster doubles method with the density‐fitting approximation: An efficient implementation
Authors: Ünal Aslı , Bozkaya Uğur 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOrbital‐optimized coupled‐cluster methods are very helpful for theoretical predictions of the molecular properties of challenging chemical systems, such as excited states. In this research, an efficient implementation of the equation‐of‐motion orbital‐optimized coupled‐cluster doubles method with the density‐fitting (DF) approach, denoted by DF‐EOM‐OCCD, is presented. The computational cost of the DF‐EOM‐OCCD method for excitation energies is compared with that of the conventional EOM‐OCCD method. Our results demonstrate that DF‐EOM‐OCCD excitation energies are dramatically accelerated compared to EOM‐OCCD. There are almost 17‐fold reductions for the molecule in an aug‐cc‐pVTZ basis set with the RHF reference. This dramatic performance improvement comes from the reduced cost of integral transformation with the DF approach and the efficient evaluation of the particle‐particle ladder (PPL) term, which is the most expensive term to evaluate. Further, our results show that the DF‐EOM‐OCCD approach is very helpful for the computation of excitation energies in open‐shell molecular systems. Overall, we conclude that our new DF‐EOM‐OCCD implementation is very promising for the study of excited states in large‐sized challenging chemical systems.
Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury in Trough and AUC/MIC Vancomycin Dosing Strategies in a Large Tertiary Care Center: A Retrospective Cohort
Authors: Ruiz‐Gaviria Rafael , Norman Sarah J. , Elgendi Sarah H. , Chou Jiling , Ramdeen Sheena 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a complication associated with vancomycin use. There is evidence that this was related to the presence of supratherapeutic vancomycin levels rather than the drug itself. The area under the curve over 24 h to minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC/MIC) dosing for vancomycin has replaced trough‐based dosing, but the impact of this change on AKI rates remains unclear. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Patients from the trough cohort were recruited from January 1, 2019, to June 30, 2019, and the AUC/MIC cohort from July 1, 2021, to January 1, 2022. Sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, and concomitant medications were obtained. AKI was defined by The Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes. A total of 1056 patients were included, 509 in the trough cohort and 547 in the AUC/MIC cohort. The baseline rates of chronic kidney disease were 15.4% and 9.9%, respectively. The AKI rates were 15.9% and 11.9% for trough and AUC/MIC cohorts, respectively (P‐value .045). The most frequent nephrotoxins were piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP), diuretics, and IV contrast for both groups. The rates of supratherapeutic levels were higher in the trough cohort (20.7%) than in the AUC/MIC cohort (6.6%). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that trough dosing was not associated with increased rates of AKI (OR = 0.96 CI 0.64‐1.44). Supratherapeutic levels (OR = 4.64), diuretics (OR = 1.62), TZP (OR = 2.01), and ICU admission (OR = 1.72) were associated with AKI. Vancomycin AUC/MIC dosing strategy was associated with decreased rates of supratherapeutic levels of this drug compared to trough dosing, with a trend toward lower rates of AKI.
The impact of mobility limitations on geriatric rehabilitation outcomes: Positive effects of resistance exercise training (RESORT)
Authors: Verstraeten Laure M. G. , Reijnierse Esmee M. , Spoelstra Thom , Meskers Carel G. M. , Maier Andrea B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundRegaining walking ability is a key target in geriatric rehabilitation. This study evaluated the prevalence of walking ability at (pre‐)admission and related clinical characteristics in a cohort of geriatric rehabilitation inpatients; in inpatients without walking ability, feasibility and effectiveness of progressive resistance exercise training (PRT) were assessed.MethodsInpatients within RESORT, an observational, longitudinal cohort of geriatric rehabilitation inpatients, were stratified in those with and without ability to walk independently (defined by Functional Ambulation Classification (FAC) score ≤ 2) at admission; further subdivision was performed by pre‐admission walking ability. Clinical characteristics at admission, length of stay, and changes in physical and functional performance throughout admission were compared depending on (pre‐)admission walking ability. Feasibility (relative number of PRT sessions given and dropout rate) and effectiveness [change in Short Physical Performance Battery, FAC, independence in (instrumental) activities of daily living (ADL/IADL)] of PRT (n = 11) in a subset of inpatients without ability to walk independently at admission (able to walk pre‐admission) were investigated compared with usual care (n = 11) (LIFT‐UP study).ResultsOut of 710 inpatients (median age 83.5 years; 58.0% female), 52.2% were not able to walk independently at admission, and 7.6% were not able to walk pre‐admission. Inpatients who were not able to walk independently at admission, had a longer length of stay, higher prevalence of cognitive impairment and frailty and malnutrition risk scores, and a lower improvement in independence in (I)ADL compared with inpatients who were able to walk at both admission and pre‐admission. In LIFT‐UP, the relative median number of PRT sessions given compared with the protocol (twice per weekday) was 11 out of 44. There were no dropouts. PRT improved FAC (P = 0.028) and ADL (P = 0.034) compared with usual care.ConclusionsHigh prevalence of inpatients who are not able to walk independently and its negative impact on independence in (I)ADL during geriatric rehabilitation highlights the importance of tailored interventions such as PRT, which resulted in improvement in FAC and ADL.
Bismuth oxide nanoparticles as a promising adsorbent for removal of quetiapine: synthesis, characterization, and application
Authors: Dedecan Tuba , Baylan Nilay , İnci İsmail 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDWithin the scope of this study, bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticles have been synthesized by a simple method, and the usability of these nanoparticles as adsorbents has been investigated. For this purpose, Bi2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized by a chemical method. These particles were characterized by various methods such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area, scanning electron microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. The nature of the synthesized nanoparticles was confirmed by characterization results and the synthesized particles were found to be nanoscale. As a result of the characterization, the average particle diameters and surface areas were found to be 22.24, 32.24 and 49.98 nm, and 5.95, 3.54 and 0.75 m2 g−1 for different calcination temperatures of 105, 250 and 600 °C, respectively. Adsorption parameters such as initial quetiapine concentration, bismuth oxide nanoparticle dosage, temperature, equilibrium contact time, and pH were also studied. Moreover, kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamics modeling of adsorption have been performed to account for the adsorption mechanism of quetiapine by Bi2O3 nanoparticles.RESULTSThe thermodynamic study has specified that adsorption has been spontaneous and exothermic. The kinetic study has pointed out that a pseudo‐second‐order model (R2 = 0.9853) has been favorable to the data. Furthermore, a Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.8258) has been better fitted to the experimental adsorption results. The maximum adsorption capacity and percentage of adsorption values were 27.38 mg g−1 and 76.81%, respectively.CONCLUSIONThe outcomes demonstrate that synthesized Bi2O3 nanoparticle is an influential adsorbent for removing quetiapine. Also, the obtained results enabled us to estimate the possibility of using Bi2O3 nanoparticles to remove active pharmaceutical ingredients by adsorption. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
The 8‐oxoguanine DNA glycosylase‐synaptotagmin 7 pathway increases extracellular vesicle release and promotes tumour metastasis during oxidative stress
Authors: Ma Ying , Guo Jiarong , Rao Haipeng , Xin Jingyu , Song Xinyi , Liu Rui , Shao Shan , Hou Jiajia , Kong Liyu , Hu Zhigang , He Lingfeng , Pan Feiyan , Guo Zhigang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS)‐induced oxidative DNA damages have been considered the main cause of mutations in genes, which are highly related to carcinogenesis and tumour progression. Extracellular vesicles play an important role in cancer metastasis. However, the precise role of DNA oxidative damage in extracellular vesicles (EVs)‐mediated cancer cell migration and invasion remains unclear. Here, we reveal that ROS‐mediated DNA oxidative damage signalling promotes tumour metastasis through increasing EVs release. Mechanistically, 8‐oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) recognises and binds to its substrate 8‐oxo‐7,8‐dihydroguanine (8‐oxoG), recruiting NF‐κB to the synaptotagmin 7 (SYT7) promoter and thereby triggering SYT7 transcription. The upregulation of SYT7 expression leads to increased release of E‐cadherin‐loaded EVs, which depletes intracellular E‐cadherin, thereby inducing epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). Notably, Th5487, the inhibitor of DNA binding activity of OGG1, blocks the recognition and transmission of oxidative signals, alleviates SYT7 expression and suppresses EVs release, thereby preventing tumour progression in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our study illuminates the significance of 8‐oxoG/OGG1/SYT7 axis‐driven EVs release in oxidative stress‐induced tumour metastasis. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the molecular basis of cancer progression and offer potential avenues for therapeutic intervention.
A proposed medical system change in Japan inspired by Swedish primary health care: Important role of general practitioners and specialist nurses at primary health care centers
Authors: Sato Rie , Jakobsson Ulf , Midlöv Patrik 
Published: September 2024

AbstractJapanese citizens of all socioeconomic statuses have benefited from the national insurance system by receiving high‐quality healthcare. However, the Japanese healthcare service is facing a severe financial crisis because of the increasing aging society and social security expenses. Many consultations raise medical expenditure and doctors' work overload, which is about to be regulated, but is questionable how the goal can be achieved without delegating doctors' working tasks. Sweden has a similar health index to that of Japan, but the system is different and is anchored by general practitioners and specialist nurses assigned to primary health care centers. They collaborate to share the workload, responsibilities, and patients' continuous care needs. As a result, the number of consultations is kept small, the length of stay in hospitals is shortened, and doctors' working hours are protected. A system change inspired by Swedish primary health care can be a potential solution for Japanese society.
Does revolution change risk attitudes? Evidence from Burkina Faso
Authors: Sepahvand Mohammad H. , Shahbazian Roujman , Swain Ranjula Bali 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA popular uprising in 2014, led to a revolution that overthrew the sitting President of Burkina Faso. We investigate if individuals' risk attitudes changed due to this revolution. We examine this impact by the main determinants of risk attitudes: gender, age and level of education. The analysis is based on unique panel survey data, allowing us to track the changes in the risk attitudes of the same individuals before, during and after the revolution. Our results suggest that individuals become risk averse during the revolution but return back to their pre‐revolution risk attitudes, with a slight increase in their risk attitudes, after the revolution is over.
Aspirations over tradition: Understanding Thai family farm succession planning
Authors: Jansuwan Para , Zander Kerstin K. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOur study aimed to examine the factors affecting family farm succession plannung. Results from a survey of 368 elderly farmers showed that some farmers were at an early planning stage (Stage 1; 12%), starting conversations with their children about the potential succession, while most were at a more advanced stage, which included involving their children in daily farm work (Stage 2; 38%). Approximately 22% of respondents involved their children in farm decision‐making while gradually transferring full responsibility to them (Stage 3). Farmers whose children indicated an interest in farming were more likely to be at the advanced stages of planning.
Is there still hope for the prophylactic hepatitis C vaccine? A review of different approaches
Authors: Rzymski Piotr , Jibril Aliyu Tijani , Rahmah Laila , Abarikwu Sunny O. , Hashem Fareeda , Lawati Abdullah Al , Morrison Fiona McGowan Martha , Marquez Leander Penaso , Mohamed Kawthar , Khan Amjad , Mushtaq Saima , Minakova Kseniia , Poniedziałek Barbara , Zarębska‐Michaluk Dorota , Flisiak Robert 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDespite remarkable progress in the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, it remains a significant global health burden, necessitating the development of an effective prophylactic vaccine. This review paper presents the current landscape of HCV vaccine candidates and approaches, including more traditional, based on inactivated virus, and more modern, such as subunit protein, vectored, based on nucleic acids (DNA and mRNA) and virus‐like particles. The concept of the HCV vaccine is first put in the context of viral genetic diversity and adaptive responses to HCV infection, an understanding of which is crucial in guiding the development of an effective vaccine against such a complex virus. Because ethical dimensions are also significant in vaccine research, development, and potential deployment, we also address them in this paper. The road to a safe and effective vaccine to prevent HCV infection remains bumpy due to the genetic variation of HCV and its ability to evade immune responses. The progress in cell‐culture systems allowed for the production of an inactivated HCV vaccine candidate, which can induce cross‐neutralizing antibodies in vitro, but whether this could prevent infection in humans is unknown. Subunit protein vaccine candidates that entered clinical trials elicited HCV‐specific humoral and cellular responses, though it remains to be shown whether they translate into effective prevention of HCV infection or progression of infection to a chronic state. Such responses were also induced by a clinically tested vector‐based vaccine candidate, which decreased the viral HCV load but did not prevent chronic HCV infection. These disappointments were not readily predicted from preclinical animal studies. The vaccine platforms employing virus‐like particles, DNA, and mRNA provide opportunities for the HCV vaccine, but their potential in this context has yet to be shown. Ensuring the designed vaccine is based on conserved epitope(s) and elicits broadly neutralizing immune responses is also essential. Given failures in developing a prophylactic HCV vaccine, it is crucial to continue supporting national strategies, including funding for screening and treatment programs. However, these actions are likely insufficient to permanently control the HCV burden, encouraging further mobilization of significant resources for HCV vaccine research as a missing element in the elimination of viral hepatitis as a global public health.
Exploring the relationships between interoceptive awareness and Gestalt resistance processes among counselors‐in‐training
Authors: Rodríguez Monique N. , Wooten H. Ray 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGestalt therapy is a humanistic approach that emphasizes awareness of one's inner experiences and recognition of resistance processes. However, research exploring the relationship between interoceptive awareness—awareness of internal bodily sensations—and Gestalt resistance processes remains limited. Addressing this gap, our study used a cross‐sectional design to examine how interoceptive awareness correlates with resistance processes among 112 counseling students. Our analysis revealed that higher interoceptive awareness is associated with lower resistance processes such as confluence, introjection, projection, retroflection, deflection, and egotism, with no significant association found with desensitization. The results suggest that improved body awareness could potentially impact resistance levels. This highlights the need to include interoceptive training in counseling programs to enhance therapeutic presence and self‐regulation among trainees. This study offers evidence supporting the influence of interoceptive awareness on resistance processes and suggests that future research should explore ways to integrate these findings into training programs and broader Gestalt therapy practices.
The pharmacologic management of status epilepticus in pregnant patients: a scoping review
Authors: Laswell Emily M. , Peters David , Orchard Jordan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundStatus epilepticus (SE) is defined as 5 min or more of seizure activity or two recurrent seizures without a return to baseline. Healthcare providers encounter a challenge when a patient with SE is pregnant. SE is not only detrimental to the mother but can also put the baby at risk of severe harm. SE must be treated rapidly and therefore healthcare providers have very little time to thoroughly review the risk and benefits of available antiseizure medication in this population.AimTo evaluate the current available evidence related to the management of SE in pregnancy.DesignA literature search of PubMed, CINAHL, ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source, and Web of Science databases was conducted (2012–2022) using the following search terms: ‘pregnancy’, ‘pregnant women’ OR ‘gestation’ AND ‘status epilepticus’, ‘generalized status epilepticus’, ‘generalized convulsive status epilepticus’, ‘non convulsive status epilepticus’ OR ‘non‐convulsive status epilepticus’. Full‐text randomised controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, and case reports published in English were included. Data were extracted and the quality of the studies was evaluated using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.ResultsThe literature described 29 pregnancies and 30 total foetuses. Intravenous benzodiazepine use for emergent control was reported in 45% of patients. Phenytoin and levetiracetam were primarily utilised for urgent control, with a variety of agents used for refractory SE. Ninety‐seven percent of maternal outcomes were reported as positive. The most common outcome was the birth of a healthy term infant. There were seven cases of pregnancy loss.ConclusionPublications pertaining to the treatment of SE in pregnancy are limited to case reports and small observational studies. Use of a benzodiazepine followed by levetiracetam or phenytoin is appropriate, whereas valproic acid should be utilised only when necessary due to the risk of major congenital malformation.
Biochar application regulates organic phosphorus fractions and the release of available phosphorus in farmland soil
Authors: Liu Xing , Wu Chenran , Jiang Dongqi , Zhang Yulan , Chen Zhenhua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe relationship between phosphorus (P) related enzymatic activity and organic P turnover remains unclear, particularly in the context of biochar application. Field experiments were conducted on Phaeozem and Luvisol soil types to investigate the effects of biochar application rates – 0 t ha−1 (CK), 22.5 t ha−1 (D1), 67.5 t ha−1 (D2), and 112.5 t ha−1 (D3) – on soil organic fractions using 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and relevant phosphatase activity.RESULTSThe application of biochar increased the soil organic carbon (SOC), pyrophosphate (pyro), and orthophosphate (ortho) content, as well as the acid phosphomonoesterase (AcP), alkaline phosphomonoesterase (AlP), inorganic pyrophosphatase (IPP), and phosphodiesterase (PD) activities. Biochar application also increased soil organic P (OPa), the sum of inorganic P forms (IP), ortho, monoesters, and myo‐IHP contents, the pH value, AlP and PD activities in Phaeozem, but it significantly reduced diesters, polyphosphate (poly) contents, and IPP and AcP activities compared to those in Luvisol. Acid phosphomonoesterase and PD activities also showed an opposite trend in Luvisol. The structural equation model showed that the potential mechanism of organic P turnover in response to biochar application differed depending on the soil types, potentially influenced by P availability.CONCLUSIONOverall, the findings of this study enhance the comprehension of the variation of P fractions and their availability in the context of biochar application for agricultural production in northeastern China. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.