bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’étiquette dans les palais du Premier Empire : enjeux mobiliers et représentation(s)
Authors: Caron Mathieu 
Published: October 2017

La présente contribution entend préciser les relations entre l’élaboration de l’Étiquette du palais impérial, en 1805, et l’ameublement des résidences impériales. En somme : comment les usages liés à cet ameublement se conforment-ils à la nouvelle règle définie par l’étiquette ? Cette dernière est élaborée à partir de la tradition d’Ancien Régime et s’accompagne d’une restauration du Mobilier de la Couronne, destiné à fournir les ameublements officiels. Toute une hiérarchie de résidences, d’appartements, de fonctions, de meubles et de matériaux est alors instituée pour traduire physiquement les principes de représentation, d’apparat et de convenance qui régissent l’étiquette dans les palais impériaux. Sous la responsabilité du grand maréchal du Palais, de l’intendant général de la Maison de l’Empereur et de l’administrateur du Garde-Meuble, c’est l’histoire d’un remeublement exigé par l’élaboration d’un nouveau texte normatif que nous proposons ici.
Tracking of Materials and Equipment Used in Planned Maintenance Shutdowns on Offshore Platforms: An Approach using RFID
Authors: Soares P. D. , de Oliveira C. M. , Morales G. , Arica J. , Matias I. , Ferreira A. S. , Carneiro V. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Maintenance shutdown tasks on offshore platforms generate large revenue losses for companies in addition to high costs, partially caused by environmental adverse conditions, distances from workplaces, and large volume of materials. The use of an efficient asset controlling and monitoring system reduces these costs and improves their resource management. This work describes the development of a web/mobile architecture system integrated with radio frequency identification (RFID) transponders for asset tracking in maintenance shutdown processes on offshore platforms.
For this study development, we visited an oil and gas company, located in the city of Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to analyze its processes. The company was facing problems on its asset management, and tracking material processes. The former takes place in two different sites. It is performed not only on-shore, but also offshore (on oil and gas platforms). Therefore, it was developed a web/mobile system integrated with RFID transponders to tackle these problems.
This system enhances efficiency in processes, reduces costs and losses because of production downtime. Its tracking is able to save up to 5.5 (five and a half) days at the laydown yard and approximately 7 (seven) days on the platform. Besides that, it ensures greater assertiveness, thus decreasing the level of materials’ replacement in the tasks, which was one of the main causes for delays in these processes. Other results are related to its managerial processes. They became automated once the RFID system integrates data in real time, and all the items from tasks defined as priorities were identified. The experimented efficiency suggests to use open source tools to reduce the system development costs, and analyze the use of RFID throughout the oil and gas supply chain, as well as studying other applications and systems in different supply chains, focusing on ways to optimize costs for the company. Additionally, it enabled the monitoring of assets and processes throughout the supply chain, besides providing information and knowledge for companies.
Polyacrylamide Mechanical Degradation and Stability in the Presence of Iron
Authors: Ferreira Vitor H. S. , Moreno Rosangela B. Z. L 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Polymer flooding enhances oil recovery due to mobility reduction of the injected water, mainly because of the viscosifying capability of the polymer. However, polymer degradation causes viscosity loss. Thus, determining the degradation magnitude is key to a successful polymer flooding. This paper focuses on mechanical and chemical (due to iron presence) degradation mechanisms. The objective is to investigate the impact of these degradation mechanisms on polymer solution viscosity, in both coupled and individual fashions, during a dynamic experiment.
A polymer solution was stored in a stainless steel bottle (at 23°C) and injected in a porous medium at different instants (during three weeks) and flow rates. The flow rates varied from 1.0 cm3/min to 0.25cm3/min and then back to 1.0 cm3/min, in ten steps (duplicates for each flow rate), during the experiment duration. The solution was composed by a partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) copolymerized with acrylamide tert-butyl sulfonate (ATBS) in a brine of 10.5% TDS containing both mono and divalent ions. Oxygen was dissolved in the solution, and iron was available from the bottle internal wall surface, which resulted in chemical degradation. The flow at different flow rates resulted in distinct levels of mechanical degradation. Rheological data from samples collected before and after injection were compared to evaluate both degradation mechanisms. The polymer concentration in the solutions was confirmed by a UV-spectrophotometer analysis. The iron content was evaluated through inductively coupled plasma optic emission spectroscopy.
The level of degradation in the presence of iron is consistent with other literature for the same polymer. However, the mechanical degradation data is new for this specific HPAM. We divided the chemical and mechanical components of the degradation and quantified the viscosity loss due to each of these phenomena. Additionally, we saw that the mechanical degradation was more relevant at the beginning of the experiment. Although, as time passed, the scenario shifted to a more relevant chemical degradation. We also observed that, for a given flow rate, the mechanical degradation varied depending on the level of chemical degradation of the injected solution. The observed viscosity reduction ranged from 6.1% to 74.2%.
The main contribution of this work is the experimental quantification of two polymer degradation mechanisms as both individual and coupled phenomena.
Fault Reactivation in Compartmentalized Reservoirs: Effect of Fault Transmissibility Enhancement on Pressure Transient Behavior
Authors: Molina Oscar M. , Zeidouni Mehdi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA novel application for pressure transient analysis aimed to identify the characteristic pressure response of fault reactivation in a compartmentalized reservoir, where fluid injection/extraction creates a pressure differential across the fault that leads to fault-seal breach, is presented. The analytical solution to two producer wells separated by a sealing segmenting fault is presented. Fault reactivation is incorporated into the model as a fault transmissibility enhancement occurring at the onset of fault reactivation (ts) while pressure distribution at t = ts is used as the initial condition for modeling pressure response after fault-seal breach. The single-well fault slip model is extended to the case of two wells by applying the principle of superposition. The Fourier-Laplace transform is implemented to find the analytical solution to the governing equations before and after fault-seal breach. Asymptotic solutions for early and late-time behavior are discussed too. Pressure and pressure derivative diagnostic plots are presented for various onset times and enhanced fault transmissibilities. In summary, the proposed pressure transient analysis is suitable to 1) diagnose the loss of sealing capability in a segmented reservoir, 2) estimate the threshold conditions that led to fault reactivation, and 3) characterize fault transmissibility before and after fault reactivation.
Best Practices for Decommissioning of Floating Production Systems FPS
Authors: Júnior Samir Leite Alves , Souza Robson 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Decommissioning of offshore floating structures is predicted to pose significant future challenges for the offshore Oil and Gas (O&G) industry, and will become increasingly relevant as the sector matures, and assets reach the end of their offshore design life. At the present time, the majority of operators are not prepared operationally or procedurally for this stage. Given the number of units due to reach the end of their design life in the next 10 years in Brazil alone, the need for experts in decommissioning or life extension is ever more important.
The O&G industry and the Petroleum Regulatory Agencies are growing increasingly concerned with Decommissioning liabilities and this paper will bring awareness of key aspects relevant to this niche market for safe, sustainable decommissioning and green recycling activities.
This paper aims to present the best practices and solutions related to the decommissioning of FPSO's, and the risks and challenges of sound project execution. The successful execution model consists of procedures related to required assessments to be performed during the planning phase, in order to prepare the decommissioning execution plan, cleaning, voyage / voyage preparation, disconnection and asset disposal.
Discussing Royalties in Brazil in Oil Price Volatility Times: A Public Management Analysis
Authors: Jesus F. D. , Silva T. B. , Resende L. D. , Roitman T. , Silva J. F. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Objectives/Scope: The objective of this work is to evaluate the management of revenues from royalties (and special participations fees) by the Brazilian public administration, through the construction of a dependency index to the petroleum sector, to propose new forms of management in the light of international examples and well succeeded theories of public management.
Methods, Procedures, Process: The proposed methodology of the petroleum sector dependence was done through the introduction of an indicator in the form of a composite Index that captures a region's aggregate dependence on its nonrenewable oil and gas resources. The three indicators that make up the Index are the share of export earnings from oil and gas in total export earnings; the share of revenue from petroleum in total fiscal revenue; and the oil and gas industry added value to GDP. Our approach goes beyond the application of an existing index, through an investigation of welfare indicators and further analysis of municipal public data.
Results, Observations, Conclusions: The developed index is useful as a monitoring tool for the management of revenues from royalties and special participations fees. We found that oil fees revenues growth did not generate the same proportion of welfare gains for a local population. Finally, the results drove us to conclude that there is an urgent need for a review of public management regarding the use of these revenues, given the strong dependence of Brazilian municipalities, as well as the known finiteness of natural resources.
Novel/Additive Information: The paper's original contribution is therefore through the introduction of an indicator in the form of a composite Index that accurately captures a region's aggregate dependence on its nonrenewable oil and gas resources. The novelty is the index itself, as well as its analysis and application to municipalities, which will serve as a tool for monitoring and decision making on revenue management, and the elaboration of proposals to better manage natural resources.
Successful Application of Cased and Perforated Completions in Deepwater
Authors: Sathyamoorthy Sekhar , Singh Arvinder P. , Odai Lowestein , Ampim Solomon , Amaning Kwarteng , Boahen Thomas Boakye 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Most deepwater high rate wells are completed with sand control to avoid sanding issues, especially for a subsea development. However, sand control adds significant Capex to the development besides causing additional pressure drop across the completion. In addition, experiences to date have shown that sand control completions tend to increase in mechanical skin over time due to solids plugging or scaling leading to additional Opex required to stimulate these wells.
This paper describes the key steps taken for two major subsea deepwater developments in Ghana, in order for a paradigm shift towards Cased and Perforated (C&P) completions for full field implementation. Oil production and water injection in both fields are primarily from sand facies associated with Clustered Frontal Splays and Confined Channel Complex. All completions deployed initially were equipped with downhole sand control (mainly Frac and Packs), but driven by well impairment issues early in field life, a thorough review of completion type was initiated which lead to a staged implementation and move towards C&P design for all high rate oil producer and water injector wells.
Modified API RP 19-B Section IV tests were performed using core material from the fields for catastrophic sanding risk evaluation over well lifecycle, and examination of sanding under steady state flow conditions with varying fluid type. Laboratory test results and simulation data were then used to determine safe operating envelopes for the designs. A staged implementation commenced with C&P completions in two wells with the use of High Set Screens (HSS) with capability of bypassing the screens if required and ‘real-time’ downhole gauges to monitor pressure drop across the screens over time. Based on the confidence attained from the sand free production data from both these wells, HSS were removed altogether from subsequent completions.
Well performance data have demonstrated the successful application of C&P completions in typical deepwater turbidite setting. C&P completions have significantly lower skin than other completion types applied in the same fields and are capable of delivering more than 20,000 stb/d oil rates and more than 50,000 b/d water injection rates.
How Technology and an Integrated Project Approach Help Reduce Well Liability Costs during the Decommissioning Phase
Authors: Giskemo Jørn Tore , Marcancola Fernando 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Exercising environmental responsibility during decommissioning of old assets has become increasingly important during recent years. In addition to increasing awareness in the industry, regulators consistently update and review the regulatory requirements for well abandonment and asset decommissioning.
Operators document liability costs related to decommissioning in their balance sheets. Advancements in project execution and technology adaptation have resulted in regularly scheduled reviews of these liabilities. However, an industry-wide initiative to improve decommissioning execution and efficiency has provided operators direct incentive to review these liabilities more consistently and thoroughly. This paper presents an integrated project methodology to help reduce liability costs by improving efficiency during the decommissioning phase.
This integrated project approach typically begins with a detailed preparation/study phase to predict possible challenges, followed by a design phase for each stage of the project to identify potential costs savings. Well data and regulations are obtained and analyzed according to the specific geographical location and then categorized by the technologies and resources necessary for abandonment. During the technologies and resources phase, potential costs savings are included as part of the plug and abandonment (P&A) service solution. Wells identified as potential candidates for new technology applications are ranked and grouped according to the execution sequence. After this thorough categorization, time and costs estimates are produced for the candidate wells.
This paper presents details of this integrated project methodology combined with recent key technologies to help improve efficiency during well abandonment operations in challenging scenarios. Case histories of the methodology application are also discussed.
Formation Oil Characterization in Oil-Based Mud Environments Using Blind Deconvolution in NMR Data
Authors: Fouraux Mateus Barroso , Tamoto Hugo , Senne Ricardo , Campassi Alvaro 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe low contrast between formation oil and oil-based mud (OBM) filtrate as well as noise associated in the signal can cause the T2 distribution for the different fluids to resemble each other, making it difficult to identify the formation fluid using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. One challenges is to quantify the remaining oil volume and estimate the formation fluid proprieties using the diffusion map (T2D) from two-dimensional (2D) inversion. Consequently, it is important to determine new methodologies that can properly enhance the evaluation of such environments.This paper presents an application of blind deconvolution with a maximum likelihood algorithm processing applied to enhance the NMR diffusion map (T2D), helping to identify, quantify, and characterize the remaining oil volume in an invaded zone. The blind deconvolution algorithm is effective even when no information about the noise is known, making it possible to enhance the T2D map, deconvoluting the point-spread function (PSF) from the signal. After the enhancement, a multiple asymmetric Gaussian fit is used to generate a modeled distribution of the formation oil to estimate the remaining formation oil volume and its T2Intrisic logarithmic mean.The methodology using the blind deconvolution over the T2 diffusion map was tested. Promising results provided a formation oil distribution consistent with expected fluid properties measured.
Simultaneous Effect of Salt Creep and Dissolution in Caliper Prediction During Drilling Operations
Authors: da Silva B. F. , Longhin G. C. , Waldmann A. A. T. A. , Martins A. L. , Lomba R. F. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The Brazilian pre-salt operation presents many technological challenges. Among the key aspects for a successful operation, the choice of drilling fluid is important to avoid structural problems and predict the final well caliper. Drilling operation simulations can be used to indicate operational conditions and assist the choice of the drilling fluid. A simulator has been developed to represent drilling, circulation and static operations involving well drilling processes considering simultaneous effects of solubility and salt creep. The main objective is to avoid wellbore enlargement due to salt solubility in water-based fluids. A bad fluid choice can lead to column imprisonment or a wellbore caliper increase; both effects could compromise the well structure and add difficulties and costs in drillings operations. The model implemented is based in salt transport equations and mass transfer adjusted correlations. The common ion effect is considered in presence of more than one salt. Initial development did not include salt creep and influence of drill cuttings size. The present work adds these effects and evaluates their influence in the final caliper. The salt creep effect is computed as a decrement in well radius, which is obtained in a deformation rate table as a function of fluid density and depth. The authors propose an analysis of salt creep effect and drill size cuttings in a real case study. The need for new adjustments in mass transfering correlations in the solubilization modelling is evaluated and its impacts are presented. The change in the well geometry during drilling, due to solubilization and creep of the salt formations is computed in a dynamic mesh. The application estimates a final wellbore caliper after a sequence of operations in a drilling phase. Such estimate provides arguments for an optimized drilling fluid selection. This work contributes to improve salt drilling operations, avoiding well losses and reducing drilling time and cost.
Intelligent System for Start-Up and Anti-Slug Control of a Petroleum Offshore Platform
Authors: Campos Mario C. M. M. , Ribeiro Leonardo D. , Diehl Fabio C. , Moreira Cristiano A. , Bombardelli Douglas , Carelli Alain C. , Junior Gilberto M. J. , Pinto Sergio F. , Quaresma Bernardo 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
It is difficult to control and to manage wells’ start-up in offshore platforms. In order to solve this problem an intelligent system can play an important role, since available qualitative operator and design knowledge can be easily implemented to assist the operator during wells’ start-up. This paper describes the integration of an expert system associated with anti-slug control for well start-up. The intelligent system has many heuristic rules to implement the automation of the start-up procedures, like the opening choke valve while simultaneously respecting many constraints. Severe slugging flow regimes are one of the major disturbances for the operation of offshore production platforms, and can cause many unplanned shutdowns. Therefore, it’s important to combine start-up intelligent system with an anti-slug advanced control module for each well.
The benefits are associated to reducing possibility of unplanned shutdowns during well start-up operational procedures, decreasing operators’ stress and also helping to minimizing impacts to the environment. A prototype was implemented in one platform with good results for a safe and efficient wells start-up procedure. This paper will present the development and results of this intelligent system for wells’ start-up and anti-slug control for offshore platforms.
Developing a Digital Twin for Floating Production Systems Integrity Management
Authors: Renzi David , Maniar Dilip , McNeill Scot , Del Vecchio Cesar 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Floating production systems asset integrity management programs are dependent on a combination of inspection, analysis and measured data. These tasks are often labor intensive to perform. A digital twin model combines data and computer models, which can significantly increase the efficiency of these integrity management tasks. A digital twin model has been developed that utilizes typical floating systems measured data and a global performance model. This digital twin model provides an automated continuous assessment of the asset. Eliminating many of the labor intensive activities allows personnel to focus on applying the outcomes of the floating systems assessments rather than performing the assessments. The automated and continuous nature of the digital twin model also allows for a much greater understanding of the behavior of the system, which is the fundamental basis of a successful integrity management program.
Technical Feasibility Study of Steel Catenary Risers for Pre-Salt Field Developments
Authors: Brito Raphael , Aguiar Ludimar , Prado Vinicius 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
So far, off the coast of Brazil, steel catenary risers (SCRs) are only used in the subsea gathering system when connected to a semi-submersible FPU (Floating Production Unit) or a Buoy Supported Risers system (BSR). This paper presents a technical feasibility study for the use of SCRs in the ultra-deepwaters of Pre-salt field (Santos Basin) connected to a spread-moored FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading).
Environmental loads acting on FPSOs cause higher movements than on other types of FPUs (such as semi-submersible, SPAR and TLP). The wave-induced floater motions under the harsh conditions of Santos Basin may generate high fatigue damage at the riser TDZ (touchdown zone). In addition, extreme events may cause a significant compression load on the SCR, inducing global buckling in the same region and, thus, making the TDZ a region of special interest for the design.
To address the issues mentioned above, advanced engineering techniques and effective technologies available in the offshore industry were employed. The study considered different safety classes along the riser, allowing greater flexibility for the definition of safety requirements, and calibrated the fatigue safety factors according to a risk-based methodology. The proposed configuration made use of hydrodynamic dampers and fatigue performance improvement techniques such as upset end pipes and stress relief on critical welds.
The study results indicate the feasibility of SCRs for the operational conditions considered. The use of SCRs potentialy enhances the competitiveness of rigid riser systems for the Pre-Salt fields of Santos Basin when compared with Steel Lazy Wave Risers (SLWRs).