bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polygenic Profile and Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage by a Competitive Half-Ironman
Authors: Del Coso Juan , Salinero Juan J. , Lara Beatriz , Gallo-Salazar César , Areces Francisco , Herrero David , Puente Carlos 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Del Coso, J, Salinero, JJ, Lara, B, Gallo-Salazar, C, Areces, F, Herrero, D, and Puente, C. Polygenic profile and exercise-induced muscle damage by a competitive half-ironman. J Strength Cond Res 34(5): 1400–1408, 2020—To date, it is still unknown why some individuals develop higher levels of muscle damage than other individuals, despite participating in exercise with comparable levels of physical intensity. The aim of this investigation was to analyze 7 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are candidates to explain individual variations in the level of muscle damage attained during a half-ironman competition. Using the model of Williams and Folland (2, 1, and 0 points for optimal, intermediate, and suboptimal genotype), we determined the total genotype score from the accumulated combination of 7 SNPs (ACE = 287bp Ins/Del; ACTN3 = p.R577X; creatine kinase, muscle type = NcoI; insulin-like growth factor 2 = C13790G; interleukin-6 = 174G>C; myosin light chain kinase = C37885A; and tumor necrosis factor–α = 308G>A) in 22 experienced triathletes. Before and after the race, a sample of venous blood was obtained to measure serum markers of muscle damage. Two groups of triathletes were established according to their postcompetition serum CK concentration: low CK responders (n = 10; 377 ± 86 U·L−1) vs. high CK responders (n = 12; 709 ± 136 U·L−1). At the end of the race, low CK responders had lower serum myoglobin concentrations (384 ± 243 vs. 597 ± 293 ng·ml−1, p = 0.04). Although the groups were similar in age, anthropometric characteristics, and training habits, total genotype score was higher in low CK responders than in high CK responders (7.7 ± 1.1 vs. 5.5 ± 1.1 point, p < 0.01). A favorable polygenic profile can contribute to reducing the level of muscle damage developed during endurance exercise.
Continuous and Accumulated Bouts of Cycling Matched by Intensity and Energy Expenditure Elicit Similar Acute Blood Pressure Reductions in Prehypertensive Men
Authors: Fonseca Guilherme F. , Farinatti Paulo T.V. , Midgley Adrian W. , Ferreira Arthur , de Paula Tainah , Monteiro Walace D. , Cunha Felipe A. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Fonseca, GF, Farinatti, PTV, Midgley, AW, Ferreira, A, de Paula, T, Monteiro, WD, and Cunha, FA. Continuous and accumulated bouts of cycling matched by intensity and energy expenditure elicit similar acute blood pressure reductions in prehypertensive men. J Strength Cond Res 32(3): 857–866, 2018—This study investigated differences in postexercise hypotension (PEH) after continuous vs. accumulated isocaloric bouts of cycling. Ten prehypertensive men, aged 23–34 years, performed 2 bouts of cycling at 75% oxygen uptake reserve, with total energy expenditures of 400 kcal per bout. One exercise bout was performed continuously (CONTIN) and the other as 2 smaller bouts each expending 200 kcal (INTER1 and INTER2). Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and cardiac autonomic control were monitored in a supine position for 10 minutes before and 60 minutes after each exercise bout, and during a control session. Compared with control, blood pressure was significantly reduced after CONTIN (SBP: ∆ − 3.4 mm Hg, p < 0.001; MAP: ∆ − 2.5 mm Hg, p = 0.001), INTER1 (SBP: ∆ − 2.2 mm Hg, p = 0.045), and INTER2 (SBP: ∆ − 4.4 mm Hg, p < 0.001; DBP: ∆ − 2.7 mm Hg, p = 0.045; MAP: ∆ − 3.3 mm Hg, p = 0.001). The PEH was similar in CONTIN and INTER2, whereas INTER2 elicited greater PEH than INTER1 (SBP and MAP: ∆ − 2.0 and ∆ − 1.8 mm Hg, respectively, p ≤ 0.05). Increases in sympathovagal balance from baseline were inversely related to changes in SBP and DBP after CONTIN and INTER2 (r = −0.64 to −0.71; p = 0.021–0.047). These findings indicate that similar amounts of PEH are observed when exercise is performed as a single 400-kcal exercise bout or 2 × 200-kcal bouts and that the exercise recovery pattern of cardiac autonomic activity may be important in eliciting PEH.
Measuring Vertical Stiffness in Sport With Accelerometers: Exercise Caution!
Authors: Eggers Tahleya M. , Massard Tim I. , Clothier Peter J. , Lovell Ric 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Eggers, TM, Massard, TI, Clothier, PJ, and Lovell, R. Measuring vertical stiffness in sport with accelerometers: Exercise caution! J Strength Cond Res 32(7): 1919–1922, 2018—This study aimed to determine the measurement accuracy of triaxial accelerometers, to determine vertical stiffness (Kvert) during overground running, and to examine the influence of device location. Seventeen healthy adults wore 2 triaxial accelerometers (positioned between scapulae and at lumbar spine) during a 2-minute continuous 20-m shuttle run (12 km·h−1), which was repeated 7 days later. Accelerometer-derived Kvert data were compared with that calculated from corresponding force-plate ground contacts (criterion measure). Moderate correlations (r = 0.65–0.66) between the accelerometer and criterion measure were identified, irrespective of unit location. However, accelerometer-determined Kvert had questionable reliability in both positions (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.70–0.71). These results suggest caution be taken when using accelerometer-derived Kvert during overground running.
Asymmetries in Isometric Force-Time Characteristics Are Not Detrimental to Change of Direction Speed
Authors: Dos'Santos Thomas , Thomas Christopher , Jones Paul A. , Comfort Paul 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Dos'Santos, T, Thomas, C, Jones, PA, and Comfort, P. Asymmetries in isometric force-time characteristics are not detrimental to change of direction speed. J Strength Cond Res 32(2): 520–527, 2018—The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of between-limb asymmetries in isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) force-time characteristics on change of direction speed (CODS). Twenty multisport collegiate athletes (mean ± SD: age: 21.0 ± 1.9 years; mass: 78.7 ± 8.9 kg; and height: 1.77 ± 0.04 m) performed 3 unilateral stance IMTP trials per limb and 3 modified 505 CODS trials each side to establish imbalances between left and right and dominant (D) and nondominant (ND) limbs. Limb dominance was defined as the limb that produced the highest isometric force-time value or faster CODS performance. Paired sample t-tests and Hedges g effect sizes revealed no significant differences in IMTP force-time characteristics and CODS performance between left and right limbs (p > 0.05, g ≤ 0.37). However, significant differences were observed between D and ND limbs for all IMTP force-time characteristics and CODS performance (p < 0.001, g = 0.39–0.73). No significant correlations were observed between IMTP asymmetries and CODS asymmetry (p ≥ 0.380, r ≤ −0.35), and no significant differences were observed in CODS performance between athletes of lesser and greater IMTP asymmetries (p ≥ 0.10, g ≤ 0.76). Poor percentage agreements (40–60%) between like-for-like classifications of asymmetry (i.e., either both asymmetrical or both balanced) for CODS and IMTP force-time characteristics were demonstrated. Asymmetries in IMTP force-time characteristics and CODS performance were present; however, greater IMTP asymmetries had no detrimental impact on CODS performance and did not equate to greater asymmetries in CODS performance. Therefore, collegiate athletes with asymmetries within the range reported within this study (≤13%) should not experience detriments to CODS or faster performance from that limb during 180° turns.
Assessing Differences in Anthropometric and Fitness Characteristics Between Police Academy Cadets and Incumbent Officers
Authors: Orr Robin M. , Dawes J. Jay , Pope Rodney , Terry Joseph 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Orr, RM, Dawes, JJ, Pope, R, and Terry, J. Assessing differences in anthropometric and fitness characteristics between police academy cadets and incumbent officers. J Strength Cond Res 32(9): 2641–2650, 2018—The physical fitness of police officers must be developed in new cadets and sustained in incumbent officers. The aims of this study were to profile and compare the anthropometric and fitness characteristics of police academy cadets and incumbent officers of varying ages from a single police force. Retrospective data for 84 police academy cadets (♂ = 66, mean age = 27.96 ± 5.73 years; ♀ = 18, mean age = 30.50 ± 5.76 years) and 80 incumbent police officers (♂ = 73, mean age = 39.43 ± 8.28 years; ♀ = 7, mean age = 37.86 ± 3.67 years) were compiled. Data included participant age, anthropometric (body mass, lean mass, and fat mass), and fitness measurements (1-minute push-up, 1-minute sit-up, 1 repetition maximum bench press, vertical jump, 300-m, and 1.5-mile run). Male cadets exhibited significantly lower fat mass than male officers (12.4 vs. 15.1 kg, p = 0.003). These differences were fully explained by the age differences between these groups (p = 0.046). Male cadets were more aerobically fit with greater muscular endurance than male officers (p < 0.001 for all measures). This difference was not explained by age differences (p > 0.80 for all measures). Male cadets also exhibited higher anaerobic fitness than male officers (p < 0.001). Age differences only partially explained this difference (p = 0.01). Female cadets exhibited greater upper-body strength and muscular endurance than female officers (p < 0.004 for all measures), independent of age. Being a police officer, rather than age progression, may largely account for observed lower levels of fitness in incumbent officers when compared with cadets. Formalized physical training programs for incumbent police officers are needed if their fitness is to be maintained and risk of cardiovascular disease minimized.
A Haplotype Associated with Enhanced Mineralocorticoid Receptor Expression Facilitates the Stress-Induced Shift from “Cognitive” to “Habit” Learning
Authors: Wirz Lisa , Reuter Martin , Wacker Jan , Felten Andrea , Schwabe Lars 
Published: November 2017

AbstractStress induces a shift from hippocampus-dependent “cognitive” toward dorsal striatum-dependent “habit” memory. However, not all individuals are susceptible to this shift under stress. Based on pharmacological studies indicating a critical role of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in the stress-induced bias toward dorsal striatal learning, we hypothesized thatMRgene variants contribute to these individual differences. In two experiments, healthy participants were genotyped, exposed to a stressor or control manipulation and performed a learning task that can be solved using hippocampal or dorsal striatal systems, while electroencephalography (EEG; Experiment I) or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI; Experiment II) measurements were taken. Stress led to a shift from hippocampal to dorsal striatal learning which was more pronounced in homo- and heterozygous carriers of a six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)-comprising haplotype containing the alleles of twoMR SNPsassociated with increased MR expression and transactivational activity (MR-2G/CC[rs2070951],MR-I180VA[rs5522]). This stress-induced shift toward habit memory was paralleled by an increased feedback-related negativity (FRN), which may reflect striatal processing, and increased caudate activation. Carriers of theMRhaplotype showed a reduced P3a, an event-related potential thought to indicate cognitive processing, and reduced hippocampal activity after stress. Moreover, stress resulted in reduced amygdala-hippocampus connectivity and the decrease in amygdala connectivity to the parahippocampal cortex was particularly pronounced inMRhaplotype carriers. Our findings indicate that genetic variants associated with enhanced MR expression facilitate a stress-induced shift from hippocampal toward dorsal striatal learning, most likely via impaired hippocampal processing and reduced amygdala-hippocampus cross talk, allowing the dorsal striatum to guide behavior under stress.
The Development of Inquiry by Using Android-System-Based Chemistry Board Game to Improve Learning Outcome and Critical Thinking Ability
Authors: Wardani S. , Lindawati L. , Kusuma S. B. W. 
Published: November 2017

<p>Student’s critical thinking and their learning result depend on learning design and student’s activity. Most students use their spare time with playing game. Students are more challenged by the difficulty in playing game rather than facing the difficulty in understanding the lesson. This phenomenon is the basic reason of the researchers to develop a game that has the essence of the subject matter, namely Chemistry Board Game (CBG) or we can call it with Al Chemist Knight. This research aims to develop a suitable digital game based on android system. In this research media was used to improve the cognitive learning and critical thinking. It also has purpose to evaluate the response of learners in learning chemistry through alkane derived compound topic. The development of this game was adapted from the procedure of game development process in mobile 3D presentation. The collection of evaluation data model applied was pre test and post test in trial class. The result showed that in the pretest the learning result average was 34.35 with classical target of 5%. While the posttest learning result average was 80.51 with classical target of 85%. The n-gain factor was 0.703. Based on the result of the students questionnaire data analysis, 3.025 of students responded positively to the implementation of CBG. A CBG media makes an assessment of critical thinking, in which the indicator of critical thinking which are focusing on questions get 3,1 point, giving arguments get 2.95, asking and answering questions get 3.0, making decision get 3.05, and the average score of critical thinking indicator is 3.025 which belongs to good category. Based on the students’ response questionnaire, we get the average score of 3.3 or 82.5% which is classified in good category.<br /><br /></p>
Characteristics of The Ability of Physics Concept in Enrichment Teaching Materials of Natural and Mineral Resources (NMRs) Literacy
Authors: Rochman C. , Nasrudin D. , Muslim M. , Hermita N. 
Published: November 2017

<p>This study is aimed at describing the characteristics of basic physics concepts in materials of science literacy enrichment of natural and mineral resources (NMRs) prepared by students of Physics Education Department, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. The method of data collection for scientific literacy ability of NMRs is obtained from the description of NMRs, results of describing the enrichment materials of NMRs process, the basic concepts of physics, and context as well as attitudes of students towards NMRs through paper enrichment materials. This study was conducted to 15 documents of enrichment materials made by students. The study concluded that: (1) characteristics of students’ ability to describe the physics concepts in literacy enrichment materials NMRs show variation; (2) the ability of describing concept of fundamental physics in five NMRs groups being investigated shows a low gains. The study recommends that the application of material needs developing and teaching media literacy enrichment and physical sciences should have more contextual NMRs for secondary, high school and undergraduate students.<br /><br /></p>
Which Individuals To Choose To Update the Reference Population? Minimizing the Loss of Genetic Diversity in Animal Genomic Selection Programs
Authors: Eynard Sonia E , Croiseau Pascal , Laloë Denis , Fritz Sebastien , Calus Mario P L , Restoux Gwendal 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Genomic selection (GS) is commonly used in livestock and increasingly in plant breeding. Relying on phenotypes and genotypes of a reference population, GS allows performance prediction for young individuals having only genotypes. This is expected to achieve fast high genetic gain but with a potential loss of genetic diversity. Existing methods to conserve genetic diversity depend mostly on the choice of the breeding individuals. In this study, we propose a modification of the reference population composition to mitigate diversity loss. Since the high cost of phenotyping is the limiting factor for GS, our findings are of major economic interest. This study aims to answer the following questions: how would decisions on the reference population affect the breeding population, and how to best select individuals to update the reference population and balance maximizing genetic gain and minimizing loss of genetic diversity? We investigated three updating strategies for the reference population: random, truncation, and optimal contribution (OC) strategies. OC maximizes genetic merit for a fixed loss of genetic diversity. A French Montbéliarde dairy cattle population with 50K SNP chip genotypes and simulations over 10 generations were used to compare these different strategies using milk production as the trait of interest. Candidates were selected to update the reference population. Prediction bias and both genetic merit and diversity were measured. Changes in the reference population composition slightly affected the breeding population. Optimal contribution strategy appeared to be an acceptable compromise to maintain both genetic gain and diversity in the reference and the breeding populations.
Estimating Realized Heritability in Panmictic Populations
Authors: Lstibůrek Milan , Bittner Václav , Hodge Gary R , Picek Jan , Mackay Trudy F C 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Narrow sense heritability (h2) is a key concept in quantitative genetics, as it expresses the proportion of the observed phenotypic variation that is transmissible from parents to offspring. h2 determines the resemblance among relatives, and the rate of response to artificial and natural selection. Classical methods for estimating h2 use random samples of individuals with known relatedness, as well as response to artificial selection, when it is called realized heritability. Here, we present a method for estimating realized h2 based on a simple assessment of a random-mating population with no artificial manipulation of the population structure, and derive SE of the estimates. This method can be applied to arbitrary phenotypic segments of the population (for example, the top-ranking p parents and offspring), rather than random samples. It can thus be applied to nonpedigreed random mating populations, where relatedness is determined from molecular markers in the p selected parents and offspring, thus substantially saving on genotyping costs. Further, we assessed the method by stochastic simulations, and, as expected from the mathematical derivation, it provides unbiased estimates of h2. We compared our approach to the regression and maximum-likelihood approaches utilizing Galton’s dataset on human heights, and all three methods provided identical results.
Osteogénesis por distracción en seudoartrosis infectada de fémur. Caso clínico. [Distraction osteogenesis in femoral infected nonunion. Case report].
Authors: Sanzana Edgardo S. , Montoya Fredy C. , Lopez-Carcel Gemma , Koryzma Beatriz A. 
Published: November 2017

Reportamos un caso de pseudoartrosis infectada de fémur secundaria a una fractura expuesta tipo III C, tratada mediante el procedimiento de osteogénesis por distracción.Hombre de 32 años que presenta una fractura expuesta de fémur derecho con lesión arterial por disparo de escopeta. Se interviene quirúrgicamente de urgencia efectuándose aseo quirúrgico, fijación externa y reparación arterial. Evoluciona con una pseudoartrosis infectada femoral distal, por lo que a los 24 meses de evolución se efectúa resección amplia quedando un defecto óseo de 12 cms, que se resuelve mediante distracción osteogénica. La osteogénesis por distracción es útil para obtener la reparación y consolidación de variados defectos óseos. Requiere de un paciente comprometido con un proceso terapéutico demandante.Abstract We report a case of infected nonunion secondary to a type IIIC open femoral fracture, treated by distraction osteogenesis. A 32-year-old man with a gunshot open fracture of the distal right femur with arterial injury. Surgical debridement, external fixation and arterial repair are performed as emergency procedure. The patient develops a femoral infected nonunion, so 24 months later a wide resection is performed leaving a 12 cm bone defect that is regenerated by distraction osteogenesis. Distraction osteogenesis is a useful procedure for the repair and consolidation of several bone defects. It requires patient´s commitment to a demanding therapeutic process.
Férfi hormonális fogamzásgátlás: múlt, jelen, jövő
Authors: Pásztor Norbert , Hegyi Borbála Eszter , Badó Attila , Németh Gábor 
Published: November 2017

Abstract: In certain regions of the world the enormous rate of population growth raises economic and public health concerns and widely accessible contraceptive methods would be desired. In contrast, in other countries the use of effective contraception is a question of individual preferences. Today, most of the reliable contraceptive methods are applied by women, while the options for male methods are quite limited. It is well known that significant portion of pregnancies are still unplanned and several data revealed men’s willingness to take part in family planning. Based on these needs, remarkable efforts have been made to develop a suitable hormonal contraceptive agent for men. With the exogenous suppression of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone secretion, the inhibition of the testicular testosterone production and the spermatogenesis can be achieved. In the beginning, testosterone-derivatives, or testosterone-progestin combinations were administered, later synthetic androgen agents were developed. Despite of these efforts, unfortunately, there is no safe, widely feasible male hormonal contraception to date, but in the future this goal can be achieved by solving the key hurdles. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(46): 1819–1830.
Educación, estética y régimen visual en la configuración del sistema educativo argentino
Authors: Serra María Silvia 
Published: November 2017

En la configuración de las prácticas escolares es posible reconocer una serie de disposiciones de neto corte visual, que no solo delimitan una particular relación entre el ver y el conocer, sino que otorgan cierto privilegio al sentido de la vista por encima de otros registros sensibles. Estas disposiciones son parte de la función estetizante que cumplió el sistema educativo argentino, donde la educación de los sentidos constituyó una preocupación que combinó un régimen de verdad, ligado al conocimiento, con la producción de sensibilidades específicas, donde verdad, belleza y moralidad eran parte de la misma operación.
Cine, pensamiento y estética: reflexiones filosóficas y educativas
Authors: Peñuela Contreras Diana Milena , Pulido Cortés Oscar 
Published: November 2017

El presente artículo aporta algunas discusiones en torno a la relación cine y educación, como continuidad a un proyecto de investigación realizado alrededor de la relación cine–pedagogía y pensamiento. En su proceso escritural se ubican tres campos analíticos: el primero intenta mostrar algunos conceptos del cine como percepción, representación, estética y pensamiento desde la perspectiva de dos autores: Walter Benjamin y Gilles Deleuze, a partir de una mirada filosófica; el segundo posiciona elementos para una discusión contemporánea de la relación entre cine, educación y pensamiento y, finalmente, el tercer campo da cuenta de algunas regularidades de uso del cine en el campo educativo.