bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fixation of sagittal split ramus osteotomy of the mandible: a comparative assessment of three techniques based on mechanical, photoelastic and finite element analysis
Authors: Torezan J.F.R. , Goulart D.R. , Kemmoku D.T. , da Silva J.V.L. , Moraes M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAimThe purpose of the present study was to compare the mechanical characteristics and stress distribution when using two plates, or two plates joined by bridge, in the fixation of sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO).Material and methodsA 3D finite element model of a hemimandible was created and a 5 mm advancement SSRO was simulated on a computer model. The model was fixed using three different techniques: two plates; two plates joined by one bridge; and two plates joined by two bridges. Load was applied until 3 mm displacement was attained and the results were compared with previous mechanical and photoelastic tests, thus analysing the mechanical stress developed in the proximity of miniplates and screws, as well as within the fixation system itself.ResultsFixation with two separate plates produced better mechanical resistance in the mechanical test for peak displacement, peak and ending load. In the photoelastic test, the same group exhibited better stress distribution, far from the osteotomy line. In the finite element analysis, the best technique involved two plates joined by one bridge, with the results showing a more uniform stress distribution.ConclusionsThis article may provide knowledge about the rational advantages of using two plates, which produced more mechanical resistance and better stress distribution.
Nanobodies against surface biomarkers enable the analysis of tumor genetic heterogeneity in uveal melanoma patient‐derived xenografts
Authors: Crépin Ronan , Gentien David , Duché Angeline , Rapinat Audrey , Reyes Cecile , Némati Fariba , Massonnet Gérald , Decaudin Didier , Djender Selma , Moutel Sandrine , Desrumeaux Klervi , Cassoux Nathalie , Piperno‐Neumann Sophie , Amigorena Sebastian , Perez Franck , Roman‐Roman Sergio , de Marco Ario 
Published: January 2017

SummaryMonoclonal antibodies specific for biomarkers expressed on the surface of uveal melanoma (UM) cells would simplify the immune capture and genomic characterization of heterogeneous tumor cells originated from patient‐derived xenografts (PDXs). Antibodies against four independent tumor antigens were isolated by panning a nanobody synthetic library. Such antibodies enabled flow cytometry‐based sorting of distinct cell subpopulations from UM PDXs and to analyze their genomic features. The complexity and specificity of the biochemical and genomic biomarker combinations mirrored the UM tumor polyclonality. The data showed that MUC18 is highly and universally displayed on the surface of UM cells with different genetic background and consequently represents a reliable pan‐biomarker for their identification and purification. In contrast, the other three biomarkers were detected in very variable combinations in UM PDX cells. The availability of the identified nanobodies will be instrumental in developing clone‐specific drug evaluation and rational clinical strategies based on accurate genomic profiling.
Geographic and socioeconomic factors in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma in New South Wales and their impact upon clinical outcomes
Authors: Linton Anthony , Soeberg Matthew , Broome Richard , Kao Steven , van Zandwijk Nico 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Background and objectiveWhilst the impact of clinicopathological factors on the prognosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is well understood, socioeconomic and geographic factors have received less attention. We analysed the relationship between geographic and socioeconomic factors upon survival and treatment provision in a large series of patients with MPM.MethodsWe assessed MPM patients awarded compensation between 2002 and 2009 with additional MPM incidence data from the New South Wales (NSW) Cancer Registry. The impact of geographic remoteness, distance from oncological multidisciplinary team (MDT) and Index of Relative Socioeconomic Advantage and Disadvantage (IRSAD) upon survival, clinical features and treatment received was analysed.ResultsWe identified 910 patients (67% residing in major cities; 92% <50 km from MDT). Median overall survival was 10.0 months. On multivariate analysis, age >70 (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.39), male gender (HR =1.36), non‐epithelioid histological subtype (HR = 2.18) and IRSAD status by decreasing quintile (HR = 1.06) were independent prognostic factors. There was no significant advantage for patients residing in major cities (10.6 months vs 8.8 months; P = 0.162) or within 50 km of MDT (10.3 months vs 7.8 months; P = 0.539). Patient's geographic location and distance to MDT did not impact chemotherapy, adjuvant radiotherapy or extrapleural pneumonectomy provision. Socioeconomically disadvantaged patients were significantly less likely to receive chemotherapy (37.4% vs 54.8%; P = 0.001).ConclusionThis study provides evidence for differences in the treatment and survival according to socioeconomic status for compensated MPM patients in NSW. Further research is warranted to seek additional explanations for the differences noted by comparing the treatments and outcomes of compensated and non‐compensated MPM patients in NSW.
Comparison of cephalic and jugular plasma lactate concentrations in sick cats: a pilot study
Authors: Sachs Emily K. J. , Julius Tracy M. , Claypool Sean‐Paul A. , Clare Monica C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo compare plasma lactate concentration (PLC) in paired cephalic and jugular blood samples from sick cats. An additional objective was to determine whether hypotensive cats (Doppler blood pressure < 90 mm Hg) have a significant difference between cephalic and jugular PLC.DesignProspective observational pilot study performed from December 2013 to August 2014.SettingPrivate veterinary referral center.AnimalsTwenty client‐owned cats.InterventionsDoppler blood pressure measurements were obtained and then blood samples were collected from both a cephalic intravenous catheter at the time of placement and from a jugular vein by direct venipuncture.Measurements and Main ResultsThere was no significant difference between the mean cephalic PLC (2.0 mmol/L, standard deviation [SD]: 1.1, min–max: 0.6–5.3) and the mean jugular PLC (2.1 mmol/L, SD: 1.6, min–max: 0.7–7.8;P= 0.88) in this population of sick cats. Hypotensive cats also had no significant difference between the mean cephalic PLC (2.8 mmol/L, SD: 1.4, min–max: 1.6–5.3) and the mean jugular PLC (3.2 mmol/L, SD: 2.6, min–max: 0.7–7.8;P= 0.77).ConclusionsThere was not a significant difference between cephalic and jugular PLC in this population of sick cats. Further studies are needed to confirm whether cephalic and jugular PLCs may be used interchangeably in sick and hypotensive cats.
ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENT COST USING HUMAN CAPITAL METHOD (CASE STUDY IN PURBALINGGA, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA)
Authors: Sugiyanto Gito , Santi Mina Yumei 
Published: January 2017

Basic principles of transportation are safety and security, efficiency and equity. The traffic accident rate in Indonesia is still considerably high. In 2014 as reported by the national police, with around 263 accidents per day. Of reported casualties per day, 77.5 people are fatalities, 73.5 people are serious injuries, and 301 people are slightly injuries. Total of the Property Damage Only (PDO) is IDR250,110,380,000 (US$18.547 million). To estimate the economic impacts of accidents, the number of accident casualties and accident costs are the most needed data. The aims of this study is to analysis traffic accidents cost using Human Capital Method. The research location in Purbalingga, Central Java, Indonesia using data from 2010-2015. The accident cost analysis based on the casualty severity of accidents is fatal, seriously injured, slightly injured, and PDO. Components of accident costs include costs to repair vehicle, administrative cost, medical care, and potential loss of human productivity, and human cost. Casualty accident costs by severity type: fatality is IDR501,210,320 (US$37,168), serious injury is IDR18,874,950 (US$1,400), slight injury is IDR6,255,708 (US$464), and property damage only is IDR3,047,914 (US$226). Total accident cost in Purbalingga was estimated IDR236,517,103,652 (US$17,539,274) or 1.27% of the gross domestic product.Â Â
A Managerial Decision Making Capability Framework For Adopting Technology Innovation Within Construction SMEs : Analysis and Results
Authors: Mahdzir Mazura , Syed Khuzzan Sharifah Mazlina 
Published: January 2017

The slow adoption of new technology within construction SMEs is influenced by the capability of managers in making decisions. Therefore, this paper aims to report the development of a conceptual framework related to managers’ decision making capability in adopting technological innovation; specifically referring to Building Information Modelling (BIM). The primary data collection involves semi-structured interview, while the multiple-case (holistic) design was used for developing the managerial decision making capability framework.. The development of the framework was analysed using comparative analysis (cross-case ) of thirteen (13) top managers within the construction SMEs organisations. Comparisons were made between existing theories and new concepts raised by top managers. The findings revealed that regardless of various views obtained from top managers, the adoption of BIM software has been influenced by managerial non-behavioural and behavioural capability, that have been categorised into five (5) main themes.
Lausannevirus Encodes a Functional Dihydrofolate Reductase Susceptible to Proguanil
Authors: Mueller L. , Hauser P. M. , Gauye F. , Greub G. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT

Lausannevirus belongs to the family
Marseilleviridae
within the group of nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDVs). These giant viruses exhibit unique features, including a large genome, ranging from 100 kb to 2.5 Mb and including from 150 to more than 2,500 genes, as well as the presence of genes coding for proteins involved in transcription and translation. The large majority of Lausannevirus open reading frames have unknown functions. Interestingly, a bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase (DHFR-TS) is encoded in the Lausannevirus genome. The enzyme plays central roles in DNA precursor biosynthesis. DHFR is the pharmacological target of antifolates, such as trimethoprim, pyrimethamine, and proguanil. First, the functionality of Lausannevirus DHFR-TS was demonstrated by the successful complementation of a DHFR-deficient
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
strain with a plasmid expressing the heterologous gene. Additionally, using this heterologous expression system, we demonstrated the
in vitro
susceptibility of Lausannevirus DHFR-TS to proguanil and its resistance to pyrimethamine and trimethoprim. Proguanil may provide a unique and useful treatment if Lausannevirus proves to be a human pathogen. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a DHFR-TS has been described and characterized in an NCLDV.
Effects of Tedizolid Phosphate on Survival Outcomes and Suppression of Production of Staphylococcal Toxins in a Rabbit Model of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Necrotizing Pneumonia
Authors: Le Vien T. M. , Le Hoan N. , Pinheiro Marcos Gabriel , Hahn Kenneth J. , Dinh Mary L. , Larson Kajal B. , Flanagan Shawn D. , Badiou Cedric , Lina Gerard , Tkaczyk Christine , Sellman Bret R. , Diep Binh An 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT

The protective efficacy of tedizolid phosphate, a novel oxazolidinone that potently inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, was compared to those of linezolid, vancomycin, and saline in a rabbit model of
Staphylococcus aureus
necrotizing pneumonia. Tedizolid phosphate was administered to rabbits at 6 mg/kg of body weight intravenously twice daily, which yielded values of the 24-h area under the concentration-time curve approximating those found in humans. The overall survival rate was 83% for rabbits treated with 6 mg/kg tedizolid phosphate twice daily and 83% for those treated with 50 mg/kg linezolid thrice daily (
P
= 0.66 by the log-rank test versus the results obtained with tedizolid phosphate). These survival rates were significantly greater than the survival rates of 17% for rabbits treated with 30 mg/kg vancomycin twice daily (
P
= 0.003) and 17% for rabbits treated with saline (
P
= 0.002). The bacterial count in the lungs of rabbits treated with tedizolid phosphate was significantly decreased compared to that in the lungs of rabbits treated with saline, although it was not significantly different from that in the lungs of rabbits treated with vancomycin or linezolid. The
in vivo
bacterial production of alpha-toxin and Panton-Valentine leukocidin, two key
S. aureus
-secreted toxins that play critical roles in the pathogenesis of necrotizing pneumonia, in the lungs of rabbits treated with tedizolid phosphate and linezolid was significantly inhibited compared to that in the lungs of rabbits treated with vancomycin or saline. Taken together, these results indicate that tedizolid phosphate is superior to vancomycin for the treatment of
S. aureus
necrotizing pneumonia because it inhibits the bacterial production of lung-damaging toxins at the site of infection.
OxyR2 Modulates OxyR1 Activity and Vibrio cholerae Oxidative Stress Response
Authors: Wang Hui , Naseer Nawar , Chen Yaran , Zhu Anthony Y. , Kuai Xuewen , Galagedera Nirupa , Liu Zhi , Zhu Jun 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT

Bacteria have developed capacities to deal with different stresses and adapt to different environmental niches. The human pathogen
Vibrio cholerae
, the causative agent of the severe diarrheal disease cholera, utilizes the transcriptional regulator OxyR to activate genes related to oxidative stress resistance, including peroxiredoxin PrxA, in response to hydrogen peroxide. In this study, we identified another OxyR homolog in
V. cholerae
, which we named OxyR2, and we renamed the previous OxyR OxyR1. We found that OxyR2 is required to activate its divergently transcribed gene
ahpC
, encoding an alkylhydroperoxide reductase, independently of H
2
O
2
. A conserved cysteine residue in OxyR2 is critical for this function. Mutation of either
oxyR2
or
ahpC
rendered
V. cholerae
more resistant to H
2
O
2
. RNA sequencing analyses indicated that OxyR1-activated oxidative stress-resistant genes were highly expressed in
oxyR2
mutants even in the absence of H
2
O
2
. Further genetic analyses suggest that OxyR2-activated AhpC modulates OxyR1 activity by maintaining low intracellular concentrations of H
2
O
2
. Furthermore, we showed that Δ
oxyR2
and Δ
ahpC
mutants were less fit when anaerobically grown bacteria were exposed to low levels of H
2
O
2
or incubated in seawater. These results suggest that OxyR2 and AhpC play important roles in the
V. cholerae
oxidative stress response.
Calibrated prevalence of disabling chronic pain according to different approaches: a face-to-face cross-sectional population-based study in Southern Spain
Authors: Cabrera-León Andrés , Rueda María , Cantero-Braojos Miguel 
Published: January 2017

ObjectivesTo calculate the prevalence of disabling chronic pain (DCP) and to offer a more representative and accurate estimation by applying different calibration techniques.Settings2011 Andalusian Health Survey, a cross-sectional population survey based on face-to-face home interviews.Participants6507 people aged 16 years or older and living in Andalusia, Spain.OutcomesDesign weights, linear calibration based on marginals and on crossings, and model-assisted calibration were used to estimate the prevalence and variance of DCP, for the whole sample and for the domains of sex and age groups (16–44; 45–64; +65).ResultsCalibration variables were sex, age groups and educational level. In the whole sample, DCP prevalence calibration reduced by more than 5.2% and 8.2% the estimated prevalences and variances, respectively, obtained with the design weights. Regarding the domains, prevalence reductions are from 33% to 1%, and variance reductions are from 0.2% to 1%. Model-assisted calibration is the best technique to estimate DCP prevalence for the whole population and crossing calibration for their domains, although with almost no differences compared to marginal calibration.ConclusionsThe validity and accuracy of estimations of DCP prevalence are improved by calibration adjustments. Model-assisted calibrated prevalence of DCP is 10.78% for the whole population, being at least 2-fold higher in women in all age groups. The results and methodology developed could be useful in clinical and population-based studies on chronic pain and disability.
Social environments, risk-taking and injury in farm adolescents
Authors: Pickett William , Berg Richard L , Marlenga Barbara 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundFarm environments are especially hazardous for young people. While much is known about acute physical causes of traumatic farm injury, little is known about social factors that may underlie their aetiology.ObjectivesIn a nationally representative sample of young Canadians aged 11–15 years, we described and compared farm and non-farm adolescents in terms of the qualities of their social environments, engagement in overt multiple risk-taking as well as how such exposures relate aetiologically to their reported injury experiences.MethodsCross-sectional analysis of survey reports from the 2014 (Cycle 7) Canadian Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study was conducted. Children (n=2567; 2534 weighted) who reported living or working on farms were matched within schools in a 1:1 ratio with children not living or working on farms. Scales examining quality of social environments and overt risk-taking were compared between the two groups, stratified by gender. We then related the occurrence of any serious injury to these social exposures in direct and interactive models.ResultsFarm and non-farm children reported social environments that were quite similar, with the exception of overt multiple risk-taking, which was demonstrably higher in farm children of both genders. Engagement in overt risk-taking, but not the other social environmental factors, was strongly and consistently associated with risks for serious injury in farm as well as non-farm children, particularly among males.ConclusionsStudy findings highlight the strength of associations between overt multiple risk-taking and injury among farm children. This appears to be a normative aspect of adolescent farm culture.
Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Prediction of Parenchymal Hemorrhage in Acute Ischemic Stroke After Reperfusion Therapy
Authors: Nael Kambiz , Knitter James R. , Jahan Reza , Gornbein Jeffery , Ajani Zahra , Feng Lei , Meyer Brett C. , Schwamm Lee H. , Yoo Albert J. , Marshall Randolph S. , Meyers Philip M. , Yavagal Dileep R. , Wintermark Max , Liebeskind David S. , Guzy Judy , Starkman Sidney , Saver Jeffrey L. , Kidwell Chelsea S. 
Published: January 2017

Background and Purpose—
Patients with acute ischemic stroke are at increased risk of developing parenchymal hemorrhage (PH), particularly in the setting of reperfusion therapies. We have developed a predictive model to examine the risk of PH using combined magnetic resonance perfusion and diffusion parameters, including cerebral blood volume (CBV), apparent diffusion coefficient, and microvascular permeability (K2).

Methods—
Voxel-based values of CBV, K2, and apparent diffusion coefficient from the ischemic core were obtained using pretreatment magnetic resonance imaging data from patients enrolled in the MR RESCUE clinical trial (Mechanical Retrieval and Recanalization of Stroke Clots Using Embolectomy). The associations between PH and extreme values of imaging parameters were assessed in univariate and multivariate analyses. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal parameter(s) and threshold for predicting PH.

Results—
In 83 patients included in this analysis, 20 developed PH. Univariate analysis showed significantly lower 10th percentile CBV and 10th percentile apparent diffusion coefficient values and significantly higher 90th percentile K2 values within the infarction core of patients with PH. Using classification tree analysis, the 10th percentile CBV at threshold of 0.47 and 90th percentile K2 at threshold of 0.28 resulted in overall predictive accuracy of 88.7%, sensitivity of 90.0%, and specificity of 87.3%, which was superior to any individual or combination of other classifiers.

Conclusions—
Our results suggest that combined 10th percentile CBV and 90th percentile K2 is an independent predictor of PH in patients with acute ischemic stroke with diagnostic accuracy superior to individual classifiers alone. This approach may allow risk stratification for patients undergoing reperfusion therapies.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00389467.
A Performance Comparison between Multiphysics and Stochastic Approaches within a North American RAP Ensemble
Authors: Jankov Isidora , Berner Judith , Beck Jeffrey , Jiang Hongli , Olson Joseph B. , Grell Georg , Smirnova Tatiana G. , Benjamin Stanley G. , Brown John M. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
A stochastic parameter perturbation (SPP) scheme consisting of spatially and temporally varying perturbations of uncertain parameters in the Grell–Freitas convective scheme and the Mellor–Yamada–Nakanishi–Niino planetary boundary scheme was developed within the Rapid Refresh ensemble system based on the Weather Research and Forecasting Model. Alone the stochastic parameter perturbations generate insufficient spread to be an alternative to the operational configuration that utilizes combinations of multiple parameterization schemes. However, when combined with other stochastic parameterization schemes, such as the stochastic kinetic energy backscatter (SKEB) scheme or the stochastic perturbation of physics tendencies (SPPT) scheme, the stochastic ensemble system has comparable forecast performance. An additional analysis quantifies the added value of combining SPP and SPPT over an ensemble that uses SPPT only, which is generally beneficial, especially for surface variables. The ensemble combining all three stochastic methods consistently produces the best spread–skill ratio and generally outperforms the multiphysics ensemble. The results of this study indicate that using a single-physics suite ensemble together with stochastic methods is an attractive alternative to multiphysics ensembles and should be considered in the design of future high-resolution regional and global ensembles.