bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Time-Frequency Transform Based Fault Detectionand Classificationof STATCOM Integrated Single Circuit Transmission Line
Authors: Mishra Sanjay Kumar , Swain S.C , Tripathy L.N 
Published: January 2018

<p align="center"> </p><p align="center"> </p><table width="593" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="387"><p>This paper discusses the time-frequency transform based fault detection and classification of STATCOM (Static synchronous compensator) integrated single circuit transmission line. Here, fast-discrete S-Transform (FDST) based time-frequency transformation is proposed for evaluation of fault detection and classification including STATCOM in transmission line. The STATCOM is placed at mid-point of transmission line. The system starts processing by extracting the current signals from both end of current transformer (CT) connected in transmission line. The current signals from CT’s are fed to FDST to compute the spectral energy (SE) of phase current at both end of the line. The differential spectral energy (DSE) is evaluated by subtracting the SE obtained from sending end and SE obtained from receiving end of the line. The DSE is the key indicator for deciding the fault pattern detection and classification of transmission line. This proposed scheme is simulated using MATLAB simulink R2010a version and successfully tested under various parameter condition such as fault resistance (Rf),source impedance (SI), fault inception angle (FIA) and reverse flow of current. The proposed approach is simple, reliable and efficient as the processing speed is very fast to detect the fault within a cycle period of FDT (fault detection time).</p></td></tr></tbody></table>
A JUDICIALIZAÇÃO DA SAÚDE CONTEXTUALIZADA NA DIMENSÃO PRÁTICA DAS REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS DOS PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Ramos Raquel de Souza , Gomes Antonio Marcos Tosoli , Guimarães Raphael Mendonça , Santos Érick Igor dos 
Published: January 2018

A judicialização da saúde é uma expressão cada vez mais presente no Brasil, materializada principalmente pelos mandados judiciais para a realização de procedimentos diagnósticos e terapêuticos, consultas, internações e dispensação de insumos médico-cirúrgicos. Este artigo visa a analisar e discutir os conteúdos da representação social da judicialização, contextualizada na dimensão prática das representações sociais dos profissionais de saúde. O estudo qualitativo, pautado na Teoria das Representações Sociais, entrevistou 40 profissionais em um hospital universitário e na central de regulação de procedimentos e leitos na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A análise se deu pela técnica de análise de conteúdo temático-categorial, instrumentalizada pelo software NVivo, resultando em 725 unidades de registro, distribuídas em 34 temas. Identificou-se que os profissionais apresentam um posicionamento negativo diante da realidade imposta pela judicialização, embora reconheçam esse recurso como necessário mediante a crise da saúde pública. Considerando a representação social como determinante de práticas, conclui-se que as representações oriundas deste estudo se encontram em fase de consolidação e podem influenciar a mudança das práticas dos profissionais em busca de melhorias na assistência direta aos usuários, caracterizando-se, portanto, um desafio maior no sentido de fazer avançar a democracia e a cidadania.
A SAÚDE PÚBLICA ENQUANTO DEVER DO ESTADO: O REPASSE DESTE DEVER À SAÚDE SUPLEMENTAR
Authors: Sturza Janaína Machado , Beck Cassiano Vinícius dos Santos 
Published: January 2018

A presente análise jurisprudencial busca fomentar a discussão acerca do dever do Estado de prestar saúde pública, apresentado na Constituição Federal de 1988, frente à saúde suplementar. Nessa perspectiva, vislumbram-se o surgimento da saúde suplementar e os deveres vinculados aos contratos antigos e aos firmados após sua regulamentação. Este debate, portanto, é norteado pelo método dedutivo a partir de uma abordagem bibliográfica. Restou analisada a transferência de responsabilidade por meio do procedimento administrativo denominado de "Ressarcimento ao Sistema Único de Saúde". Nesse cenário, apontam-se algumas considerações quanto à temática com base na jurisprudência do Tribunal do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, do Superior Tribunal de Justiça e Supremo Tribunal Federal.
Towards a Notion of the Ideological Unconscious: Marx, Althusser, Juan Carlos Rodríguez
Authors: Read Malcolm K. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn the context of the recent economic crisis, scholars have once again felt compelled to revisit the work of Louis Althusser, to reconsider some of his seminal insights, if only to repeat earlier criticisms. Regretfully, however, they remain unable to come to terms with the crucial Althusserian notion of ideologicalunconsciousness, which they insist on viewing through the prism of the libidinal (Lacanian) unconscious. Perforce, the latter concept, and its associated categories, has then proceeded insidiously to corrode Marxism’s indigenous equivalents from within. The present article traces the history of the ideological unconscious from its beginnings in Marx, through Althusser, to its explicit reformulation, in the work of the Spaniard, Juan Carlos Rodríguez, as an ideological unconscious, understood as the matrix effect of the social formation.
The Kerry Peace Initiative in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: When Hope and Good Intentions Are Not Enough
Authors: Schiff Amira 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This article examines the factors that contributed to the failure of the last major effort, which was carried out by us Secretary of State John Kerry, to facilitate a Final Status Agreement to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The analysis is based on an understanding that every effort to resolve this intractable conflict, even if unsuccessful, is worthy of examination, which can yield interesting observations and insights that may inform future attempts to find a solution. As President Trump’s administration makes intensive efforts to broker an Israeli-Palestinian peace agreement, and the us Middle East negotiation delegation shuttles intensively between the parties and between major regional actors to explore the possibility of renewing official negotiations, this seems like an opportune time to review the major factors that affected the outcome of the previous peace talks.
Prevention of dental caries in Indigenous children from World Health Organization–listed high-income countries: A systematic review
Authors: Smith Leanne , Blinkhorn Fiona A , Blinkhorn Anthony S , Hawke Fiona 
Published: January 2018

Objective: To systematically review evidence for interventions to prevent early childhood caries (ECC) in Indigenous children in high-income countries. Search strategy: In November 2016, we searched Medline (from 1946), Embase (from 1980), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed (from 1996) and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) (from 1982) for randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials including children aged 0–5 years. Outcomes included the decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft) index or similar index; the number of children with reported pain or emergency dental visits because of pain; the number of children referred for dental care; plaque scores; the amount of oral debris present; change in parent/carer attitude or knowledge towards baby teeth; reported regular dental visits and adverse outcomes. Two authors independently screened for inclusion and assessed the risk of bias. Main results: Four trials reported in five papers with 2,311 participants were included. Interventions were fluoride varnish with counselling/health promotion, chlorhexidine varnish, and motivational interviewing techniques plus oral hygiene materials and a dental examination. Two trials showed fluoride varnish applied biannually over a 2-year period reduced caries prevalence (mean difference [MD]: –3.00; 95% confidence interval [CI]: –4.94 to −1.06; MD: –2.47; 95% CI: –2.57 to −2.37). Motivational interviewing with oral hygiene materials and a dental examination can reduce the number of carious lesions in children aged 30 months (d2–4efs > 0 MD: –5.10; 95% CI: –8.74 to −1.46; d3–4efs > 0; MD: –4.40; 95% CI: –7.55 to −1.25). Conclusion: Fluoride varnish applied biannually over 2 years is effective at reducing ECC in Indigenous children. Motivational interviewing has some benefit in caries prevention. Further research is required to test other preventive programmes.
Vegetable consumption among university students: Relationship between vegetable intake, knowledge of recommended vegetable servings and self-assessed achievement of vegetable intake recommendations
Authors: Teschl Carina , Nössler Carolin , Schneider Melanie , Carlsohn Anja , Lührmann Petra 
Published: January 2018

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between vegetable intake, knowledge of recommended vegetable servings and self-assessed achievement of vegetable intake recommendations. Design and setting: Cross-sectional nutritional study in a university setting. Method: Students answered a set of standardised questions. Vegetable intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Knowledge of recommended vegetable servings was determined by asking how many servings of vegetables should be part of the daily diet. Self-assessed achievement of vegetable recommendation was operationalised using the behavioural stages of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA). Results: Mean vegetable intake was 176 ± 165 g/day for women and 179 ± 153 g/day for men. Overall, 7.3% of women and 9.8% of men achieved the recommended vegetable intake. Recommended vegetable servings were correctly identified by 68.5% of women and 47.1% of men. About 34.1% of women and 23.5% of men believed they could achieve the recommended intake of vegetables. However, of these, only 18.7% and 33.3% actually achieved the recommended intake. These students did not differ with respect to their knowledge of recommended vegetable servings from those who stated they achieved the recommended intake but in fact did not. Conclusion: Our study identified a potential target group who did not know that their vegetable intake was below the recommended level. It may be concluded that students have difficulty correctly estimating amounts of vegetables. From a health promotion perspective, this creates the need for the practice-oriented communication of dietary recommendations.
Foot Mobility Magnitude and Stiffness in Children With and Without Calcaneal Apophysitis
Authors: McSweeney Simon Christopher , Reed Lloyd , Wearing Scott 
Published: January 2018

Background: This study evaluated quasi-static measures of foot mobility magnitude (FMM) and foot stiffness (FS) in children, aged 8 to 14 years, with and without calcaneal apophysitis. Methods: Between 2016 and 2017, FMM and FS measurements were captured on 41 children (22 cases and 19 controls) using a custom-built foot assessment platform. The platform incorporated a portable force plate that allowed quantification of vertical force during double-limb stance (DLS). Results: There was no significant difference in FS in children with and without calcaneal apophysitis ( P = .459). FMM was significantly greater (+19%) in children with calcaneal apophysitis than in those without ( P = .045). The mean difference in FMM between groups (1.4 mm), however, did not exceed the minimum detectable change at the 95% confidence level (MDC95%) for the measurement (±2.5 mm). Conclusion: Differences in FMM in children with calcaneal apophysitis were small and within the observed error of measurement. Clinical measures of FS did not differ in children with and without calcaneal apophysitis during quasistatic loading. Further research evaluating the level of uncertainty of the measurement techniques in children and under dynamic loading conditions is recommended. These findings question the rationale behind interventions which aim to modify quasistatic foot mobility and stiffness in children with calcaneal apophysitis. Level of Evidence: Level III, comparative series.
Implementation of additional prescribing authorization among oncology pharmacists in Alberta
Authors: Au Bianca , Dersch-Mills Deonne , Ghosh Sunita , Jupp Jennifer , Chambers Carole , Cusano Frances , Danilak Melanie 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To describe the practice settings and prescribing practices of oncology pharmacists with additional prescribing authorization. Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional survey of all oncology pharmacists in Alberta was conducted using a web-based questionnaire over four weeks between March and April 2016. Pharmacists were identified from the Cancer Services Pharmacy Directory and leadership staff in Alberta Health Services. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the practice setting, prescribing practices, motivators to apply for additional prescribing authorization, and the facilitators and barriers of prescribing. Logistic regression was used to explore factors associated with having additional prescribing authorization. Results The overall response rate was 41% (71 of 175 pharmacists). Oncology pharmacists with additional prescribing authorization made up 38% of respondents. They primarily worked in urban, tertiary cancer centers, and practiced in ambulatory care. The top 3 clinical activities they participated in were medication reconciliation, medication counseling/education, and ambulatory patient assessment. Respondents thought additional prescribing authorization was most useful for ambulatory patient assessment and follow-up. Antiemetics were prescribed the most often. The median number of prescriptions written in an average week of clinical work was 5. Competence, self-confidence, and the potential impact on patient care/perceived impact on work environment were the strongest facilitators of prescribing. The strongest motivators to apply for additional prescribing authorization were relevancy to practice, the potential for increased efficiency, and advancing the profession. Conclusion The current majority of oncology pharmacist prescribing in Alberta occurs in ambulatory care with a large focus on antiemetic prescribing. Pharmacists found additional prescribing authorization most useful for ambulatory patient assessment and follow-up.
Environmental basis of primary biliary cholangitis
Authors: Tanaka Atsushi , Leung Patrick SC , Gershwin M Eric 
Published: January 2018

Autoimmunity is a consequence of both genetic and environmental factors, occurring in genetically susceptible hosts with environmental triggers. While genome-wide association studies have revealed a number of susceptible genes contributing to etiology, the environmental triggers remain poorly understood. Primary biliary cholangitis, formally known as primary biliary cirrhosis, is considered a model autoimmune disease for which our group has extensively evaluated environmental factors involved in its etiology. Bacterial infection and xenobiotics have been proposed as candidate environmental factors that may explain tolerance breakdown and production of primary biliary cholangitis-specific antimitochondrial autoantibodies. Large-scale case-control studies have consistently detected an association of primary biliary cholangitis with urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia coli, as E. coli PDC-E2 is molecularly similar to human PDC-E2, the immunodominant target of AMAs. Another bacterium of interest is Novosphingobium aromaticivorans, a ubiquitous xenobiotic-metabolizing bacterium that produces lipoylated proteins, which are highly reactive with sera from primary biliary cholangitis patients. Regarding xenobiotics, case-control studies have suggested that frequent use of nail polish is associated with an increased susceptibility to primary biliary cholangitis. We found that 2-octynamide, the conjugate derived from 2-octynoic acid present in cosmetics, lipsticks, and some chewing gums, was unique in both its quantitative structure–activity relationship analysis and reactivity with primary biliary cholangitis sera. 2-nonyamide is another xenobiotic that also has the optimal chemical structure for xenobiotic modification of the PDC-E2 epitope, as demonstrated by the enhanced epitope recognition with AMA-positive PBC sera. Moreover, we found that C57BL/6 mice immunized with 2-octynoic acid-BSA possess many of the features characteristic to primary biliary cholangitis.Impact statementAutoimmunity is believed to develop in genetically susceptible hosts with triggers from the environment. Researchers have recently demonstrated that bacteria and xenobiotics commonly present in our environment are potential triggers of tolerance breakdown against autoantigens and autoimmunity, particularly in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). The link between xenobiotics and PBC has been further confirmed with the establishment of PBC model mice by immunizing mice with xenobiotics.
FOXD3/FOXD4 is required for the development of hindgut in the rat model of anorectal malformation
Authors: Wang Luo-Jia , Wang Wei-Lin , Gao Hong , Bai Yu-Zuo , Zhang Shu-Cheng 
Published: January 2018

Congenital anorectal malformation is the most common digestive tract malformation in newborns. It has been reported that FOXD3/FOXD4, a forkhead transcription factor, regulates the generation, migration, and differentiation of neural crest cells. However, whether FOXD3/FOXD4 takes part in anorectal malformation remains unclear. In the present study, we used ethylene thiourea to induce the animal models of anorectal malformation in rat embryos and to interrogate the role of FOXD3/FOXD4 in anorectal malformation pathogenesis. Hindgut samples of the animal models were collected at E15, E17, E19, and E21 days of age. The expression of FOXD3/FOXD4 was detected by immunohistochemistry, western blot, and quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR. By immunohistochemical staining, FOXD3/FOXD4 was observed in epithelial cells of the rectum and the anus both in normal and rat embryos with anorectal malformation. Expression level analysis by western blot indicated that FOXD3/FOXD4 expression increased in ethylene thiourea-induced anorectal malformation groups. mRNA expression as determined by quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR analysis was consistent with the western blot results. Tentative conclusions were drawn that FOXD3/FOXD4 is expressed in the hindgut in rat embryos and is upregulated in anorectal malformation. FOXD3/FOXD4 is required for the development of the hindgut, and its aberrant expression may be an important factor leading to the incidence of anorectal malformation.Impact statementCongenital anorectal malformation (ARM) is the most common digestive tract malformation in newborns. The pathophysiological ground remains unclear. In this study, we used animal models of ARM for the first time to interrogate the role of FOXD3/FOXD4 in ARM pathogenesis. The animal models of ARM were successfully induced by ethylene thiourea (ETU) in rat embryos providing a strong basis for pathogenesis study of this disease. Expression analysis of FOXD3/FOXD4 was carried out in these models, and the results shape a deeper understanding of FOXD3/FOXD4 being required for the normal development of the hindgut. The aberrant expression of FOXD3/FOXD4 may be an important factor leading to ARM incidence.
Effect of Vertical or Beveled Chondral Defect Creation on Rim Deformation and Contact
Authors: Yanke Adam B. , Konopka Megan L. , Butty Davietta C. , Meyer Maximilian A. , Cotter Eric J. , Espinoza Alejandro A. , Cole Brian J. 
Published: January 2018

Objective To determine biomechanical effects of knee cartilage defect perimeter morphology based on cartilage strain and opposing subchondral bone contact. Design Articular cartilage defects were created in 5 bovine femoral condyles: group 1, 45° inner bevel with 8-mm rim; group 2, vertical with 8-mm rim; and group 3, 45° outer bevel with 8-mm base. Samples were placed into a custom-machined micro–computed tomography tube and subjected to 800 N of axial loading. DICOM data were used to calculate cartilage thickness 4 and 6 mm from the center, distance between tibial cartilage surface and femoral subchondral bone, and contact width between tibial cartilage and subchondral bone. Strain 4 mm from the center and both absolute and change in distance (mm) to subchondral bone were compared between groups 1 and 2 using paired t tests. Strain at 6 mm and distance changed, loaded distance, and contact width (mm) were compared between groups using the Friedman test with post hoc analysis using Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results No significant differences in rim strain were noted between groups 1 and 2 at 4 mm ( P = 0.10) and between groups 1, 2, and 3 at 6 mm ( P = 0.247) from the defect center. The loaded distance was significantly different between groups 1 and 3 ( P = 0.013). No significant change in distance to the subchondral bone was found between groups ( P = 0.156). The difference in subchondral bone contact area approached but did not reach significance ( P = 0.074). Conclusion When debriding focal articular cartilage defects, establishment of an inner bevel decreases tissue deformation and contact with opposing subchondral bone.
Prognostic value of histological activity in patients with ulcerative colitis in deep remission: A prospective multicenter study
Authors: Lobatón Triana , Bessissow Talat , Ruiz-Cerulla Alexandra , De Hertogh Gert , Bisschops Raf , Guardiola Jordi , Van Assche Gert , Vermeire Severine , Ferrante Marc 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundHistological remission has been proposed as a new treatment goal in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) although no universal definition for microscopic activity exists.AimWe evaluated the accuracy of histological activity to predict clinical relapse in UC patients with both clinical and endoscopic remission.MethodsAsymptomatic UC patients in endoscopic remission (Mayo endoscopic sub‐score 0 or 1) undergoing surveillance colonoscopy in two referral hospitals were prospectively recruited. All colonic biopsies were analyzed according to the Geboes’ score (GS) and the presence of basal plasmacytosis (BP).ResultsNinety‐six patients were included (38% women, median (interquartile range) age 50.0 (39.0–58.5) years, median disease duration 12.0 (6.5–19.5) years). Histological activity defined as GS ≥ 2B.1, GS ≥ 3.1, or BP was present in, respectively, 26%, 23% and 12%. Within 12 months from index endoscopy, 23% of the patients presented with clinical relapse. In multivariate analysis, active histological disease was the only risk factor predicting clinical relapse (odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 4.29 (1.55–11.87); p = 0.005 for GS ≥ 2B.1 and 4.31 (1.52–12.21); p = 0.006 for GS ≥ 3.1).ConclusionsIn patients with UC in clinical and endoscopic remission, histological activity is an independent risk factor for clinical relapse. Further prospective studies need to clarify whether treatment optimization is justified in this context.
Routine outcome measurement: recovery, quality of life and co-production
Authors: Boardman Jed 
Published: January 2018

SummaryPatient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are self-rated, but may not take in other aspects of the patient's perspective, such as the inclusion of domains that reflect service-user priorities. The clinician's view still has priority, although this situation has shifted in recent years. The Recovering Quality of Life (ReQoL) offers an advance in this area.Declaration of interestNone.