bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overweight adult cats have significantly lower voluntary physical activity than adult lean cats
Authors: de Godoy Maria RC , Shoveller Anna K 
Published: March 2017

Objectives The objectives of the current pilot study were to evaluate whether body condition score (BCS) and body weight are significantly related to physical activity counts, and to evaluate potential interaction between BCS and voluntary physical activity measured over a 14 day period. Methods Ten (five lean, five overweight), neutered, adult American Shorthair cats were selected for this study (median age 4 ± 0.5 years). Cats with a BCS of ⩽3.0 were considered lean, whereas cats with a BCS >3.0 were considered overweight, using a 5-point scale. Cats were housed in a free-living environment with indoor/outdoor access and were individually fed once daily a commercially available dry extruded diet and allowed 1 h to eat. Voluntary physical activity was measured consecutively for 14 days using the Actical Activity Monitors that were worn parallel to the ribs and attached via a harness. Results Lean cats had a greater mean total daily voluntary physical activity ( P = 0.0059), and a greater voluntary physical activity during light ( P = 0.0023) and dark ( P = 0.0446) periods, with overweight cats having 60% of the physical activity of lean cats. Lean cats were more active before feeding and during animal care procedures. These data suggest that lean cats have a greater anticipatory physical activity prior to feeding and are more eager to have social interaction with humans than overweight cats. A significant interaction was observed between day of physical activity measurement and BCS for total daily voluntary physical activity ( P = 0.0133) and activity during the light period ( P = 0.0016) where lean cats were consistently more active than overweight cats. In general, cats were more active during weekdays vs weekends. Conclusions and relevance The results of this study suggest that overweight cats are less active than lean cats and that voluntary physical activity level appears to be influenced by social interaction with humans.
Intraoperative Tumor Perforation is Associated with Decreased 5-Year Survival in Colon Cancer: A Nationwide Database Study
Authors: Bundgaard N. S. , Bendtsen V. O. , Ingeholm P. , Seidelin U. H. , Jensen K. H. 
Published: March 2017

Background: It is a widely held belief that intraoperative tumor perforation in colon cancer impairs survival and causes local recurrence, although the prognostic importance remains unclear. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of unintended intraoperative tumor perforation on postoperative mortality and long-term survival. Material and Methods: This national cohort study was based on data from a prospectively maintained nationwide colorectal cancer database. We included 16,517 colon cancer patients who were resected with curative intent from 2001 to 2012. Results: Intraoperative tumor perforation produced a significantly impaired 5-year survival of 40% compared to 64% in non-perforated colon cancer. Intraoperative tumor perforation was an independent risk factor for death, hazard ratio 1.63 (95% confidence interval: 1.4–1.94), with a significantly increased 90-day postoperative mortality of 17% compared to 7% in non-perforated tumors, p < 0.001. We showed that tumor fixation, emergency operations, and laparotomies were associated with an increased risk of intraoperative tumor perforation. Conclusion: This nationwide study demonstrates that intraoperative tumor perforation in colon cancer is associated with statistically significant reduced long-term survival and increased postoperative mortality.
Impact of Body Mass Index on Complications and Survival after Surgery for Esophageal and Gastro-Esophageal-Junction Cancer
Authors: Kruhlikava I. , Kirkegård J. , Mortensen F. V. , Kjær D. W. 
Published: March 2017

Background and Aims: The impact of body mass index on complications and survival in patients undergoing esophagectomy has been extensively studied with conflicting results. In this study, we assess the impact of body mass index on complications and survival following surgery for esophageal and gastro-esophageal-junction cancer in a Danish population. Material and Methods: We identified 285 consecutive patients, who underwent curative-intended treatment for esophageal and gastro-esophageal-junction cancer in the period 2003–2010. We manually reviewed the electronic medical records of all patients included in the study. Body mass index was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. We grouped patients according to their body mass index, using the World Health Organization definition, as underweight (body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (body mass index: 18.5–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (body mass index: 25–29.9 kg/m2), and obese (body mass index ⩽ 30 kg/m2). Results: Median age at surgery was 65 years (range: 27–84 years), of which 207 (72.6%) were males. Patients with the lowest body mass index and the obese patients seemed to have a higher frequency of minor complications. Anastomotic leakage occurred in less than 10% of the patients and was equally distributed across the groups as was the other major complications. There were no differences in the 1-, 2-, or 5-year survival rates between the four body mass index groups after adjustment for possible confounders. Five-year survival rates for the four body mass index groups were 31.8%, 28.7%, 27.9%, and 26.1%, respectively. Conclusion: Body mass index over 30 or under 18.5 does not seem to affect survival rates or the presence of serious postoperative complications following esophagectomy in patients with esophageal and gastro-esophageal-junction cancers not receiving neoadjuvant oncological treatment.
Severe Postoperative Complications may be Related to Mesenteric Traction Syndrome during Open Esophagectomy
Authors: Ambrus R. , Svendsen L. B. , Secher N. H. , Goetze J. P. , Rünitz K. , Achiam M. P. 
Published: March 2017

Background: During abdominal surgery, traction of the mesenterium provokes mesenteric traction syndrome, including hypotension, tachycardia, and flushing, along with an increase in plasma prostacyclin (PGI2). We evaluated whether postoperative complications are related to mesenteric traction syndrome during esophagectomy. Methods: Flushing, hemodynamic variables, and plasma 6-keto-PGF1α were recorded during the abdominal part of open ( n = 25) and robotically assisted ( n = 25) esophagectomy. Postoperative complications were also registered, according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Results: Flushing appeared in 17 (open) and 5 (robotically assisted) surgical cases ( p = 0.001). Mean arterial pressure was stable during both types of surgeries, but infusion of vasopressors during the first hour of open surgery was related to development of widespread (Grade II) flushing ( p = 0.036). For patients who developed flushing, heart rate and plasma 6-keto-PGF1α also increased ( p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, severe postoperative complications were related to Grade II flushing ( p = 0.037). Conclusion: Mesenteric traction syndrome manifests more frequently during open than robotically assisted esophagectomy, and postoperative complications appear to be associated with severe mesenteric traction syndrome.
First Canadian Case Report of Kidney Transplantation From an HIV-Positive Donor to an HIV-Positive Recipient
Authors: Ambaraghassi Georges , Cardinal Héloïse , Corsilli Daniel , Fortin Claude , Fortin Marie-Chantal , Martel-Laferrière Valérie , Malaise Jacques , Pâquet Michel R. , Rouleau Danielle 
Published: March 2017

Rationale: Kidney transplantation has become standard of care for carefully selected patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era. American and European prospective cohort studies have reported similar patient and graft survival compared with HIV-negative kidney transplant recipients. Despite an increased rate of acute rejection, partially due to drug interactions, HIV immunovirologic parameter generally remains under control during immunosuppression. A few cases of kidney transplantation between HIV-infected patients were done in South Africa and showed favorable results. No cases of kidney transplantation from an HIV-positive donor in Canada have previously been reported. Presenting concerns of the patient: A 60-year-old Canadian man with HIV infection presented in 2007 with symptoms compatible with acute renal failure secondary to IgA nephropathy. Chronic kidney disease resulted after the acute episode. Diagnoses: Hemodialysis was started in 2012. The patient was referred for a kidney transplantation evaluation. Interventions: The patient underwent kidney transplantation from an HIV-positive donor in January 2016. The recipient’s antiretroviral regimen consisted of abacavir, lamivudine, and dolutegravir. No drug interactions have been reported between these antiretrovirals and the maintenance immunosuppressive regimen used. Outcomes: The outcome at 7 months post transplantation was excellent, with good graft function and adequate control of HIV replication, in the absence of opportunistic infections at a time when immunosuppression is at its highest intensity. No acute rejection was reported. An episode of bacteremic graft pyelonephritis due to Enterococcus faecalis was successfully treated after transplantation. Novel finding: With careful selection of patient, kidney transplantation between HIV-infected patients is a viable option. The use of antiretroviral drugs free of interactions simplified the dosing and management of the immunosuppressive drugs.
Quetiapinev.lithium in the maintenance phase following a first episode of mania: Randomised controlled trial
Authors: Berk Michael , Daglas Rothanthi , Dandash Orwa , Yücel Murat , Henry Lisa , Hallam Karen , Macneil Craig , Hasty Melissa , Pantelis Christos , Murphy Brendan P. , Kader Linda , Damodaran Saji , Wong Michael T. H. , Conus Philippe , Ratheesh Aswin , McGorry Patrick D. , Cotton Sue M. 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundLithium and quetiapine are considered standard maintenance agents for bipolar disorder yet it is unclear how their efficacy compares with each other.AimsTo investigate the differential effect of lithium and quetiapine on symptoms of depression, mania, general functioning, global illness severity and quality of life in patients with recently stabilised first-episode mania.MethodMaintenance trial of patients with first-episode mania stabilised on a combination of lithium and quetiapine, subsequently randomised to lithium or quetiapine monotherapy (up to 800 mg/day) and followed up for 1 year. (Trial registration: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry – ACTRN12607000639426.)ResultsIn total, 61 individuals were randomised. Within mixed-model repeated measures analyses, significant omnibus treatment × visit interactions were observed for measures of overall psychopathology, psychotic symptoms and functioning. Planned andpost hoccomparisons further demonstrated the superiority of lithium treatment over quetiapine.ConclusionsIn people with first-episode mania treated with a combination of lithium and quetiapine, continuation treatment with lithium rather than quetiapine is superior in terms of mean levels of symptoms during a 1-year evolution.
Tex19 paralogs are new members of the piRNA pathway controlling retrotransposon suppression
Authors: Tarabay Yara , Achour Mayada , Teletin Marius , Ye Tao , Teissandier Aurélie , Mark Manuel , Bourc'his Déborah , Viville Stéphane 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
Tex19 genes are mammalian specific and duplicated to give Tex19.1 and Tex19.2 in some species, such as the mouse and rat. It has been demonstrated that mutant Tex19.1 males display a variable degree of infertility whereas they all upregulate MMERVK10C transposons in their germ line. In order to study the function of both paralogs in the mouse, we generated and studied Tex19 double knockout (Tex19DKO) mutant mice. Adult Tex19DKO males exhibited a fully penetrant phenotype, similar to the most severe phenotype observed in the single Tex19.1KO mice, with small testes and impaired spermatogenesis, defects in meiotic chromosome synapsis, persistence of DNA double-strand breaks during meiosis, lack of post-meiotic germ cells and upregulation of MMERVK10C expression. The phenotypic similarities to mice with knockouts in the Piwi family genes prompted us to check and then demonstrate, by immunoprecipitation and GST pulldown followed by mass spectrometry analyses, that TEX19 paralogs interact with PIWI proteins and the TEX19 VPTEL domain directly binds Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) in adult testes. We therefore identified two new members of the postnatal piRNA pathway.
Survival Impact of Primary Tumor Lymph Node Status and Circulating Tumor Cells in Patients with Colorectal Liver Metastases
Authors: Seeberg Lars Thomas , Brunborg Cathrine , Waage Anne , Hugenschmidt Harald , Renolen Anne , Stav Ingunn , Bjørnbeth Bjørn A. , Borgen Elin , Naume Bjørn , Brudvik Kristoffer W. , Wiedswang Gro 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to analyse the survival impact of primary tumor nodal status (N0/N+) in patients with resectable colorectal liver metastases (CLM), and to determine the value of circulating and disseminated tumor cells (CTCs/DTCs) in this setting.

Methods
In this prospective study of patients undergoing resection of CLM from 2008 to 2011, peripheral blood was analyzed for CTCs using the CellSearch System®, and bone marrow was sampled for DTC analyses just prior to hepatic resection. The presence of one or more tumor cells was scored as CTC/DTC-positive. Following resection of the primary tumor, the lymph nodes (LNs) were examined by routine histopathological examination.

Results
A total of 140 patients were included in this study; 38 patients (27.1%) were negative at the primary colorectal LN examination (N0). CTCs were detected in 12.1% of all patients; 5.3% of patients in the N0 group and 14.7% of patients in the LN-positive (N+) group (p = 0.156), with the LN-positive group (N+) consisting of both N1 and N2 patients. There was a significant difference in recurrence-free survival (RFS) when analysing the N0 group versus the N+ group (p = 0.007) and CTC-positive versus CTC-negative patients (p = 0.029). In multivariate analysis, CTC positivity was also significantly associated with impaired overall survival (OS) [p = 0.05], whereas DTC positivity was not associated with survival.

Conclusion
In this cohort of resectable CLM patients, 27% had primary N0 colorectal cancer. Assessment of CTC in addition to nodal status may contribute to improved classification of patients into high- and low-risk groups, which has the potential to guide and improve treatment strategies.
Interrater variability for CT angiography evaluation between neurologists and neuroradiologist in acute stroke patients
Authors: Bar Michal , Kral Jiri , Jonszta Tomas , Marcian Vaclav , Kuliha Martin , Mikulik Robert 
Published: March 2017

Objective:
The diagnosis of arterial occlusion has a considerable impact on the indication of mechanical thrombectomy, and CT angiography (CTA) is recommended in the management of acute stroke. The goal of the present study is to assess the interrater agreement in the diagnosis of occlusion of intracranial arteries on CTA between a neuroradiologist and neurologists.

Methods:
CTA images of 75 acute stroke patients were evaluated for occlusion of intracranial arteries by an experienced interventional neuroradiologist, and stroke and general neurologists.

Results:
75 patients who were treated by intravenous thrombolysis were enrolled in the study. CTA images were available for all 75 patients (34 females; mean age ± SD, 72 ± 14 years; National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale 10; median 8–14; and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT mean 9.7). The agreement between the neuroradiologist and neurologists in evaluation of intracranial artery occlusion was as follows: occlusion of the middle cerebral artery segment M1: observer agreement 77%, kappa (κ) = 0.61 and middle cerebral artery M2: observer agreement 77%, κ 0.48; internal carotid artery: observer agreement 92%, κ 0.84; T occlusion: observer agreement 90.0%, κ 0.33; posterior cerebral artery segments P1 and P2: observer agreement 98%, κ 0.97; basilar artery: observer agreement 96%, κ 0.92; and vertebral artery segment V4: observer agreement 88%, κ 0.48.

Conclusion:
Interrater agreement of CTA evaluation of occlusion between the neurologists and the neuroradiologist was very strong. The ability of the trained neurologists to read an intracranial large vessel occlusion correctly may improve the door-to-needle times in acute stroke.

Advances in knowledge:
In this study, the neurologists were able to recognize occlusion of intracranial arteries. This could accelerate the management of acute stroke care.
Choosing the Pond: On-the-Job Experience and Long-Run Career Outcomes
Authors: Gong Jie , Sun Ang , Wei Zhichao 
Published: March 2017

This paper investigates the value of on-the-job experience for workers’ long-run career outcomes. We exploit the effects of team relegation in professional soccer by contrasting players on teams just below and just above the cutoff point of relegation. We find that players on teams relegated to a lower division have more match appearances in the short run, and they play in better leagues and earn higher wages in the long run. This gain is concentrated among individuals who are young or less experienced at the time of relegation. Because other consequences of relegation would tend to work against individuals’ long-run success, the positive net gain is most likely to be the result of greater on-the-job experience. The findings have implications for firms on job assignment and for workers on managing their careers. Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2609 . This paper was accepted by Sendil Ethiraj, organizations.
Testosterone and Tendency to Engage in Self-Employment
Authors: Nicolaou Nicos , Patel Pankaj C. , Wolfe Marcus T. 
Published: March 2017

Does testosterone increase the tendency to engage in self-employment? The results presented to date have been mixed. Using three different studies, we provide additional evidence on the relationship between testosterone and self-employment. Drawing on a cross section of 2,146 individuals (1,178 males and 968 females) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys’ 2011–2012 sample, and controlling for endogeneity (with red blood cell count, percentage hematocrit, and zinc supplement intake in the past 30 days as instruments), we find that serum testosterone levels are positively associated with self-employment for males (marginally significant, two-tailed test). As testosterone levels could be affected by social, economic, and biological factors during one’s life course, we draw more robust inferences by assessing whether the 2D:4D digit ratio, a marker of prenatal testosterone exposure, influences the likelihood of self-employment. From Understanding Society’s Innovation Panel Wave 6, we tested separate models for 449 males and 525 females, and our results indicate that males (respectively, females) with a lower 2D:4D ratio in their left hand, or higher prenatal testosterone exposure, have a significantly greater (respectively, marginally significant) likelihood of self-employment (two-tailed test). Finally, we examine the twin testosterone transfer effect in a sample of opposite-sex and same-sex twins from the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States and provide additional support for the marginally significant (two-tailed test) positive association between testosterone and self-employment. Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2664 . This paper was accepted by Toby Stuart, entrepreneurship and innovation.
The Intellectual Disability Mortality Disadvantage: Diminishing With Age?
Authors: Landes Scott D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractOn average, adults with intellectual disability (ID) have higher mortality risk than their peers in the general population. However, the effect of age on this mortality disadvantage has received minimal attention. Using data from the 1986–2011 National Health Interview Survey–Linked Mortality Files (NHIS–LMF), discrete time hazard models were used to compare mortality risk for adults with and without ID by age and gender. Increased mortality risk was present for all adults with ID, but was most pronounced among younger age females. The mortality differential between those with and without ID diminished with increased age for both females and males. Findings support the argument that heterogeneity of frailty may explain differences in mortality risk between those with and without ID.
Presidential Power and National Violence: James K. Polk’s Rhetorical Transfer of Savagery
Authors: Heidt Stephen J. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
President James Knox Polk is often lauded for his achievements as president, including the territorial acquisition of the western portion of the nation. Critical attention to this legacy mostly focuses on his rhetorical strategy for putting the nation into war with Mexico. To date, no studies focus on Polk’s rhetorical strategy for ending the war. In this article, I examine Polk’s end-of-war rhetoric, attending to his rationalizations for exiting the war, his justification for resuming diplomatic relations with Mexico, and his identification of a new enemy requiring presidential and national attention. I argue that Polk’s pivot from Mexicans to Indians rhetorically transferred tropes of savagery to Indians, reenergized violence against Indians, and facilitated the institutionalization of management of Indian affairs via the creation of the Department of the Interior. I conclude that rhetorical critics should closely attend to the ways end-of-war rhetoric enables presidents to transition from one enemy to another while reaping institutional benefits.
Spectral Soldiers: Domestic Propaganda, Visual Culture, and Images of Death on the World War II Home Front
Authors: Kimble James J. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This essay argues against the prevailing historical conception that George Strock’s graphic photograph of three lifeless Marines—published by Life magazine on September 20, 1943—was the definitive point when domestic U.S. propaganda began to portray increasingly grisly images of dead American soldiers. After considering how the visual culture of the home front made the photo’s publication a dubious prospect for the government, I examine a series of predecessor images that arguably helped construct a rhetorical space in which such graphic depictions could gradually gain public acceptance and that, ultimately, ushered in a transformation of the home front’s visual culture.