bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The assessment of low flow at El Abid river basin for a good management of water resource (High Atlas/Morocco)
Authors: Nafia Khouldia , Ouzanni Hassan , Hamid Meriem , Aguerd Jalal , El Ghachi Mohamed 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In a scenario where pressures on aquatic ecosystems and the water demands of communities are on the rise, coupled with the impacts of global changes, understanding low water flows becomes a critical concern. Low flow is characterized as a natural and seasonal phenomenon, typically stemming from varying degrees of prolonged and severe rainfall deficits. This phenomenon is prone to temporal and spatial fluctuations, ultimately causing a reduction in streamflow. The El Abid River Basin is located within the big Oum Er Rbia watershed, covering an area of 30.600 km2. El Abid river stands out as the principal tributary of the Oum Er Rbia, boasting an average annual flow of 32 m3/s−1, with a maximum average flow reaching 77 m3/s−1 and a minimum average flow of 10 m3/s−1. The hydrological regime of this river exhibits a pattern of intermittent and extreme floods, as well as periods of low flow sustained by water from the karst hydrosystems of the central High Atlas. The aim of this study is to characterize the low flow rates within the upstream part of El Abid river basin, intending to enhance the management of water resources in this basin. The methodology employed involves extracting the minimum flows, calculating the severity thresholds for low flow, determining the lowest average monthly flow of the year, computing low flow rates based on monthly flow averages, and calculating low flow values for specific return periods. Monthly discharge data from two hydrometric stations within our study area, namely Ait Ouchéne and Tizi Nisly, were utilized. The dataset spans the period from 1976 to 2018.
Evaluation of bird reproduction and predation impact in Agroecosystem vineyards in the Fes-Meknes region of Morocco.
Authors: Belkhiri A , Chahlaoui A , Haddadi Y , Ahmed B , Mohsine S , Moubchir T , Ouballouk Y , Benaddou M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The reproductive of avian species within agro-ecosystems hold paramount importance in sustaining ecological equilibrium, regulating pest populations, and preserving overall biodiversity. Over a comprehensive three-year investigation spanning from 2021 to 2023, our research was conducted within contemporary viticultural agroecosystems to meticulously assess the reproductive performance of birds and discern the nuanced impact of predation on nesting success. Our findings indicate that Moroccan vineyards offer a conducive habitat for avian nesting, with nest abundance intricately linked to the specific avian species under consideration. Furthermore, the predation rate exhibits discernible variations contingent upon the reproductive stage, notably during the pivotal ‘Nest Predation” phase. Approximately 25.35% of nests faced predation, 31.61% of eggs succumbed to predation, and 22.42% of chicks fell victim to predation. This study underscores the indispensable role of predation in avian reproductive processes within vineyard ecosystems, thereby furnishing crucial insights essential for the formulation of nuanced and tailored conservation strategies within viticultural environments.
Climatic and hydrological variability in the Oued Lakhdar watershed (Central High Atlas, Morocco)
Authors: Layati E. , Lahlou N. , Elkbichi O. , El Ghachi M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The results of this study highlighted significant changes in hydroclimatic conditions over the period studied. Annual rainfall shows significant variability, with years such as 1996 characterised by exceptional humidity, while others, such as 2017, stand out for their particularly marked drought. This variation can be quantified using the Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI), providing crucial information for water resource management. Temperatures also show seasonal fluctuations, oscillating between hot summers and cold winters. In particular, 2017 was exceptionally warm, while 2011 was unusually cold. In terms of river flows, there has been considerable variability, with some years showing high flows (e.g. 2011) and others with very low flows (e.g. 1990). However, the general trend towards an increase in flow from the 2010 onwards is notable (Sgat station). The RCV index, which classifies years according to surplus or deficit, highlights the predominance of deficit years. In addition, the Monthly Flow Coefficient (MFC) allows us to subdivide the hydrological regime into periods of high and low water. These results highlight the importance of monitoring hydro-climatic conditions for effective management of water resources and the implementation of measures to adapt to climate change.
The role of hydrological measuring devices in monitoring changes in the flow rate of the Boudraa River during the year 2023 (sub-watershed of Oued M’hasser, Morocco).
Authors: Elouiazzani Abdellah , Lagni Abdellatif , Bouyzillan Emad , El Ghachi Mohamed 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Tracking the water flow and surface runoff is of utmost importance in light of the climate changes experienced globally and specifically in Morocco. In recent years, Morocco has been facing a significant water deficit due to declining rainfall and prolonged drought periods, which affects various water uses. As the Atlas and Rif regions serve as the natural water reservoirs for Morocco, it has become essential to track the water flow and valleys in these areas to study their hydrological behavior. This understanding is crucial for determining their functioning mechanisms and making appropriate decisions to ensure the sustainability of these resources. In this context, we have monitored the changes in the flow of Ain Boudraa in the basin of Wadi Mhasser in the Central High Atlas. We have studied the impact of climatic factors on the water flow and water levels, employing a methodology that involves statistical analysis of precipitation data from the nearby station, along with conducting hydrological measurements of the flow and construction a calibration curve.
Modeling of the spatial distribution of species of interest in agriculture for their conservation: case of Punica granatum L.
Authors: El fallah Kamal , Charafi Jamal , El kharrim Khadija , Belghyti Driss 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Modeling the spatial distribution of species is an important step in biodiversity conservation. The models used can be helpful in predicting the impacts of climate change on the geographical distribution of species and in identifying areas where they are most likely to occur. The purpose of this work was to model the spatial distribution of the pomegranate species (Punica granatum L.) in Morocco according to the principle of maximum entropy (Maxent). This modelling method is widely used in ecology and biogeography because of its ability to work with datasets, and to produce accurate predictions of species distribution. Based on agro-ecological data such as topographical factors and climatic variables and focusing on regions where pomegranate cultivation is significant, these data can be collected at different spatial and temporal scales. They are typically integrated into Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for utilization within the simulation model. The resulting model depicts the potential spatial distribution of pomegranate cultivation throughout Morocco. The model obtained agrees perfectly with the actual distribution of the species in different regions of the country, especially since it is known for its hardiness and its adaptation to variable environmental conditions. Thus, the modeling showed that other geographical areas present favorable conditions for the development of pomegranate cropping. The determination of spatial distribution constitutes a first step to predict possible evolution of the pomegranate cropping according to climate change. The importance of this process for biodiversity conservation lies in several aspects, such as the identification of areas at risk, conservation planning, and the assessment of impacts on ecosystems.
Projected changes of thermal, rainfall and drought indices in Morocco from high resolution climate models
Authors: Hammoudy W , Ilmen R , Sinan M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Over the past decade, global changes in temperature, average and extreme precipitation have been observed many times. The increase in temperature or even the change in precipitation systems is directly affect extreme weather events, for example, heat waves, heavy rainfall, storms, and droughts are becoming more frequent and more powerful worldwide due to climate change caused by several factors including human activity. This is why there is a necessity to monitor future changes in climate extremes. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the future changes in thermal and rainfall extremes projected by the four climate models over time horizon 2041-2060 relative to the 1981-2010 reference period, based on the 5 climate indices, including Tmm, Tx90p, WSDI, PRCPTOT and SPI. The projections are given under the RCP 4.5 medium scenario. The analysis in thermal aspect shows that Morocco could experience by 2041-2060, a significant warming, has manifested by an increase in average temperature. Future changes in rainfall indices show that the spatial distribution of rainfall in Morocco could change significantly by 2041-2060 compared to the reference period 1971-2010. The four climate models agree on a decrease in annual precipitation that could affect most of the Kingdom. In the same way to dryness, the future changes of the SPI index that characterizes the drought, indicates a move to a dry climate.
Conclusion
Authors: Jones Corredera Edward 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter studies the economic and cultural impact of the Spanish–American War on Latin America, Spain, and the United States. The conflict changed ideas of inter-American duties and obligations and was the final act of translatio imperii from Spain to the Americas. The war gave rise to the term the Black Legend to describe the myth of Spanish zealotry and barbarism and catalysed the rise of the United States’ sphere of influence over Cuba. Following the expansion of US interests in Central America, Latin American authors found in Marxism a new way to speak about regional solidarity and commutative justice that reaffirmed the need for a Protestant reformation. This chapter sheds light on the lessons that today’s world, shaped by the rise of China and climate reparations, can learn from Latin America’s history. Above all, it shows how the region’s past will shape its future.
Use of Security and Quasi-Security Interests in Debt Financing
Authors: Bridge Michael , Gullifer Louise , Lomnicka Eva 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides a general account of the uses of secured financing in debt business finance. It examines general techniques and structures used to finance different sizes of businesses, and the role played by security and title-based financing in these techniques and structures. It also considers the ways in which the acquisition of high value tangible assets is structured, the use of secured financing in structures involving special purpose vehicles and the use financial collateral, particularly in securities lending and derivative transactions. In each case, the focus is on the manner in which security and quasi-security is used to protect creditors against credit risk.
Interests Created by Companies
Authors: Bridge Michael , Gullifer Louise , Lomnicka Eva 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter deals with the registration of charges granted by companies, noting that with few exceptions all such charges must be registered in order to be opposable to liquidators, administrators, and other secured creditors. Account is taken of the fact that the whole instrument of charge may be placed on the register, which raises questions as to how far any document goes in giving rise, not to constructive notice of just the particulars, but also of the contents of the available instrument of charge. The time allowed for registration is discussed, along with the consequences of lateness. The territorial scope of the legislation is considered together with the position of overseas companies with assets in the United Kingdom.
Introduction to Priorities
Authors: Bridge Michael , Gullifer Louise , Lomnicka Eva 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter briefly introduces the concept of priority between security interests, and its application to situations where a security interest and an absolute interest exist in relation to the same asset. The main discussion is of the legal and practical significance of registration as giving constructive notice of the registered interest, arguing that registration in the company charges register is constructive notice to those who would be expected to search the register.
Exceptions to the Nemo Dat Rule
Authors: Bridge Michael , Gullifer Louise , Lomnicka Eva 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses various exceptions to the nemo dat principle arising from case law, statute, or a mixture of the two. The priority of a person who, in good faith, acquires a legal interest without notice of a prior equitable interest is discussed in relation to priority contests between various security interests. Priority contests involving quasi-security interests are discussed in relation to the rule in Dearle v Hall (in relation to assignments of receivables and other assignable rights) and the statutory exceptions to the nemo dat rule in the Sale of Goods Act 1979 and other related statutes. There is a discussion of various statutory provisions which provide that priority between security interests is determined by the date of registration. The rule against tacking, and its effect on future advances, is examined, as is the law relating to priority agreements.
Enforcement of True Security Interests
Authors: Bridge Michael , Gullifer Louise , Lomnicka Eva 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter deals with enforcement of security interests (as opposed to quasi-security interests). It first discusses the marshalling of assets so that a senior secured creditor with more than one security may be required to enforce against assets other than those held in favour of a junior secured creditor. Following this, enforcement of possession security interests (pledge and lien) is examined. In relation to consensual non-possessory interests (mortgage and charge) each method of enforcement is discussed separately. Foreclosure and appropriation, as methods which are restricted to certain types of security arrangement, are critically examined, and specific remedies available to a creditor with security over aircraft are discussed. The more general rights of a secured creditor to appoint a receiver, to take possession, and to sell the mortgaged or charged assets are examined in detail, with particular attention paid to the duties of the enforcing party. There is a brief discussion of enforcement of non-consensual security interests.
Conflict of Laws
Authors: Bridge Michael , Gullifer Louise , Lomnicka Eva 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Security rights may be affected by the conflict of laws dimension, both when it comes to the applicable law of a contract but, more particularly, the law that applies to priority matters. This dimension arises when a transaction contains a sufficient foreign element (affecting parties, assets, or the transaction itself). In this latter case, it will usually be the lex situs of the asset, a notion that has an attenuated meaning in the case of intangible assets. Particular types of asset are dealt with, such as financial collateral, negotiable instruments, and company shares. The capacity to grant security and the requisite formalities are both discussed. Cross-border measures are considered. So too are the issues presented by multi-tiered holdings. Various international conventions are also discussed.
Mindfulness Exercises Reduce Acute Physiologic Stress Among Female Clinicians
Authors: Wolfe Amy H. J. , Hinds Pamela S. , du Plessis Adre J. , Gordish-Dressman Heather , Freedenberg Vicki , Soghier Lamia 
Published: October 2024

IMPORTANCE:
Approximately 50% of clinicians experience excessive emotional, physical, and mental stress, with repercussions across the entire medical system. Mindfulness exercises may mitigate this excessive stress. Heart rate variability (HRV) is an objective stress measure that can quantify which mindfulness exercises provide the greatest stress reduction.

OBJECTIVES:
To define the impact of specific mindfulness exercises on HRV, a surrogate for physiologic stress, and the relationship between physiologic (HRV) and subjective stress measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory during a one-day mindfulness workshop.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
This was a prospective observational pilot study performed at a quaternary children’s hospital with diverse subspecialists of pediatric nurses, nurse practitioners, and physicians.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
Our primary outcome measure was change in HRV from baseline during three mindfulness exercises.

RESULTS:
The grounding, deep breathing, and body scan exercises all produced statistically significant changes in HRV among our 13 female participants. The body scan exercise produced statistically significant changes in all studied HRV parameters compared with baseline. We observed significant increases in Root Mean Square of Successive Differences between normal heartbeats (p = 0.026), high frequency (p ≤ 0.001), and the parasympathetic nervous system index (p ≤ 0.001) reflecting increased parasympathetic tone (e.g., relaxation), whereas sd 2/sd 1 ratio (p ≤ 0.001) and the stress index (p = 0.004) were decreased reflecting sympathetic withdrawal (e.g., decreased stress). Subjective stress decreased after 1-day mindfulness training (44.6 to 27.2) (p < 0.001). Individuals with the largest decrease in subjective stress also had the most improvement in HRV during the body scan exercise.

CONCLUSIONS:
Clinician stress levels (HRV) improved after participating in grounding, deep breathing, and body scan meditations, which may highlight their importance as stress reduction tools for clinicians. Monitoring of HRV during mindfulness exercises may provide deeper understanding of which specific exercises produce the greatest physiologic stress reduction for individual participants and the trend of these changes over time.
Effectiveness of Mobile Application–Based Intervention on Medication Adherence Among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: Syahrul Syahrul , Irwan Andi Masyitha , Saleh Ariyanti , Syam Yuliana , Fiqri Andi Muhammad , Jannah St. Nurfatul 
Published: October 2024

Objectives
To analyze the effectiveness of mobile application–based interventions on medication adherence among pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

Eligibility Criteria
Intervention articles involving patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and/or their families, utilizing mobile application–based intervention research designs, assessing patients individually or in groups with or without a control group, using mobile application–based interventions that can be accessed via a browser, utilizing adherence to treatment as the primary outcome, and written in English and Indonesian were included.

Information Sources
The articles published from 2012 to 2022 were obtained from EBSCO Host, ProQuest, GARUDA, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Online Library databases.

Risk of Bias
The Critical Assessment Standards Program was used to assess the trustworthiness, relevance, and results of the published articles. The quality of the articles was assessed according to Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice guidelines.

Results
Seven studies reported that mobile application–based interventions can improve medication adherence, including treatment success, number of missed drugs, correct intake of medications, adherence to health programs, timeliness, and frequency of clinic visits.

Discussion
This review only analyzed the impact of mobile application–based interventions on patients, and their effects on the family, social, and health services were not covered.
TEMPORARY AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE GRAFT PLACEMENT FOR TREATMENT OF REFRACTORY MACULAR HOLES
Authors: Trivedi Vichar , You Qisheng , Me Rao , Lee Patrick SY , Le Kim , Tran David , Lin Xihui 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
To report two patient cases demonstrating the management of refractory macular holes through the application of temporary thin amniotic membrane grafts, followed by subsequent graft removal upon achieving hole closure.

Methods:
Comprehensive chart and literature review was conducted utilizing the PubMed database.

Results:
We describe two patients who underwent repeat pars plana vitrectomy for treatment of refractory macular holes. In both cases, the epi-retinal placement of a thin amniotic membrane graft (AMG) was done to achieve hole closure. Following a period of retinal stabilization, the amniotic membranes were removed due to the healthy appearance of the outer retinal layers and the ellipsoid zone, ultimately resulting in an improved final visual acuity in both patients.

Conclusion:
This case series demonstrates a new approach of using a temporary AMG to close refractory macular holes. After graft removal, both patients reported enhanced visual acuity and subjective visual improvement, accompanied by the stable closure of macular holes on serial OCT scans.
Complicated cardiac arrest and its resuscitation characteristics in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage: Chinese Stroke Center Alliance
Authors: Lu Ping , Cui Lingyun , Gu Hongqiu , Li Zixiao , Ju Yi , Wang Yongjun , Zhao Xingquan , Wang Wenjuan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
Cardiac arrest (CA) is one of the most severe complications in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), increasing the risk of death. This study explored the factors influencing CA occurrence and its resuscitation characteristics in ICH patients.

Methods
Data were retrieved from the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance database. The primary outcome was CA, and the secondary outcomes were in-hospital death and survival post-CA. Absolute standardized and rate differences were utilized for intergroup comparisons, while logistic regression was employed for correlation analysis.

Results
A total of 85,105 patients were enrolled in this study. Among them, 1651 (1.9%) patients experienced CA, of whom 1032 (62.5%) died in hospital. At baseline, prehospital notification from the emergency medical service system (PRE-EMS) was a co-factor influencing CA occurrence and the presence of a death outcome (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.47-1.98, p < 0.001; OR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.41-0.62, p < 0.001). In terms of complications, post-hospital hematoma expansion and swallowing dysfunction were co-factors influencing CA occurrence and the presence of a death outcome (OR: 3.78, 95% CI: 3.20-4.47, p < 0.001, OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.11-1.76; p < 0.001; OR: 7.66, 95% CI:5.48-10.70, p < 0.001, OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.08-2.57, p < 0.001). The incidence of CA in ICH patients decreased annually from 2015 to 2019, while survival after CA increased annually (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
PRE-EMS, posthospital hematoma expansion, and swallowing dysfunction were identified as co-factors contributing to CA occurrence and post-CA mortality following ICH. The proportion of CA patients following ICH decreased, while survival rates improved annually from 2015 to 2019.