bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Realized Gains for Two-cycle Selection for Black Spruce and Their Implications for Testing Effort Allocation
Authors: Weng Y. H. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDeployment of improved black spruce (Picea mariana(Mill.) B.S.P.) seedlots in New Brunswick (NB) is a standard silvicultural practice. Most plantations have been established using elite-stand seedlots in the 1980s, first-generation seedling seed orchard seedlots in the 1990s and thereafter second-generation clonal seed orchard seedlots. A large-plot realized gain test was established at six sites in NB to provide estimates of actual gains from planting these improved seedlots. The test compared four improved seedlots, representing seedlots collecting from an elite stand, a first-generation seed orchard, two second-generation orchards and a mix of eight elite full-sib families identified in second-generation testing populations, with one unimproved checklot. This paper presents height measurements taken on trees at age 5. Results indicate that realized genetic gains from two-cycle selection and breeding are reasonably high and, in general, the more improved the seedlot, the higher the gain. Planting the elite-stand or the first-generation orchard seedlot would produce a gain of about 10% (relative to the checklot) in 5-yr height and an additional 5.8% gain could be obtained from planting the second-generation orchard seedlot. Even higher gain could be obtained via the deployment of the elite full-sib families, which was estimated to be about 8.6% more than the deployment of the second-generation orchard seedlot. While the realized gain varied with site, the ranking of gain achieved for the different seedlots was similar between sites. The above information was further used to optimize testing efforts for realized gain tests. To detect a typical gain of 5 to 10% at a significance level of 0.05 with a predetermined power of 0.80, each test should include 5 to 10 blocks per site (the number of sites is fixed at 4) or 4 to 6 sites (the number of blocks per site is fixed at 6) paired with planting 36 to 49 trees per plot. These approximate numbers of sites and blocks per site should be modified, depending on the interactions of seedlot with site and with block within site.
Genetic variation between and withinex-situnative-provenance collections ofPinus radiataD. Don planted in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Bian L. , Gapare W. J. , Ivković M. , Jefferson P. , Wu H. X. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA total of 1226 increment cores were sampled from two provenance trials ofPinus radiataD. Don planted in New Zealand (Kaingaroa) and Australia (Kangaroovale), to study variation and inheritance of wood density in selections from three mainland California natural populations: Año Nuevo, Monterey and Cambria. The study represents a back-to-back comparison of the same provenance and family material on contrasting sites between New Zealand and Australia. Monterey was significantly different to Año Nuevo and Cambria at Kaingaroa (p<0.05), and had slightly higher density, whereas all provenances were almost identical and not significantly different at Kangaroovale. However, there were significant differences for wood density at family level for Año Nuevo and Cambria at Kangaroovale. No significant provenance or family differences were detected for core length at either site. The estimates of heritability for wood density were all above 0.50 and generally higher at Kaingaroa than at Kangaroovale. Estimates of additive genetic correlations between wood density and core length were imprecise. Genotype × site interactions for density appeared minor (estimated type-B genetic correlation= 0.70) despite substantial differences in rainfall and soils. The similarity of Cambria to Año Nuevo for density is an interesting result because the genetic base of the present Australian and New Zealand plantations has been shown to be from Año Nuevo and Monterey. Infusion of Cambria material would increase the overall genetic base of the radiata pine breeding programs, with potential long-term benefits, despite the often disappointing growth performance of material collected from Cambria.
Transcript abundances of LIM transcription factor, 4CL, CAld5H and CesAs affect wood properties in Eucalyptus globulus
Authors: Negishi N. , Nanto K. , Hayashi K. , Onogi S. , Kawaoka A. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Eucalyptus globulus is the main hardwood species grown in pulpwood plantations in temperate regions of the world. We have cloned six genes influencing wood quality including the LIM domain transcription factor (LIM), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), coniferaldehyde 5-hydroxylase (CAld5H) and the three catalytic units of cellulose synthase (CesA), from E. globulus. The transcript abundances of LIM in basal stems of ten independent E. globulus lines showed similar patterns to those of 4CL. We investigated the correlation between gene transcript abundances and wood qualities such as Klason lignin (KL) content, syringaldehyde/vanillin (S/V) ratio and holocellulose (HC) content. Expression of the LIM and 4CL were positively correlated with KL content. A highly significant positive correlation was observed between CAld5H expression and S/V ratio. Furthermore, a ratio of the sum of the transcript abundances of three CesA1, CesA2 and CesA3 to 4CL showed a positive correlation with a ratio of HC/KL content that positively correlated with the chemically extracted fiber content in this woody plant.
New Miocene Monachinae from the Western Shore of the Chesapeake Bay (Maryland, USA)
Authors: Rahmat S. J. , Koretsky I. A. , Osborne J. E. , Alford A. A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe Family Phocidae includes four subfamilies (Phocinae, Monachinae, Cystophorinae, and Devinophocinae) consisting of mediumto large-sized mammals that possess distinctive adaptations to semi-aquatic life. In the Miocene of the Chesapeake Group, only two subfamilies of the Family Phocidae were identified: Phocinae and Monachinae. Leptophoca, a representative of the subfamily Phocinae, appears on the eastern shore of the North Atlantic around 16 million years ago. Recently, two new monachine species, the larger Terranectes magnus (n. gen., n. sp.) and the medium-sized T. parvus (n. sp.), were recorded in the Upper Miocene of the Chesapeake Group in the Eastover Formation (7.0–6.0 Ma) and St. Marys Formation (10.0-8.0 Ma). These two distinct subfamilies of seals indicate a well-marked divergence between phocines and monachines, much earlier than 18 million years ago, as previously suggested. The Eastover Formation was deposited in a shallow embayment that covered southern Maryland, the coastal plain of Virginia, and the northeastern corner of North Carolina. The geologically older St. Marys Formation represents a tide-influenced coastal environment, with low-salinity estuaries. There was a sharp temperature decrease in the Late Miocene, indicated by a shift to a cooler-water fish fauna during St. Marys time. The Eastover Formation reflects warmer waters with relatively strong currents, significant shoals, barriers, and varied depths. Fossil evidence of earlier seals suggests that phocids originated in the North Atlantic and otarioids in the North Pacific. True seals diverged from ancient Carnivora in the early Oligocene (or earlier) in the Paratethyan / Mediterranean Basins, spread widely during the Middle Miocene and crossed westward across the Atlantic Ocean, before dispersing in the eastern United States by the Early Pliocene.
Dünnschichtchromatographische Isolierung von Flechtenstoffen und deren Identifizierung / Identification of Lichen Substances by Isolation from Thin Layer Chromatogramms
Authors: Renner Bernd , Gerstner Ernst 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The use of Eluchrom (Camag, Berlin) for quantitative isolation of liehen substances separated by thin layer chromatography is described. For this method only small quantities of a lichen thallus are needed (less than 0.5 g) to yield sufficient amounts of pure compounds submittable to chemical and spectroscopical identification. In the case of Nephroma cellulosum 0.15 g of the lichen thallus proved to be sufficient to identify 3 main compounds of lichen substances. Microhydrolysis, EI-masspectroscopy, FD-masspectroscopy and UV/VIS-spectroscopy of the isolated compounds confirm­ ed the presence of perlatolic acid, stenosporic acid, glomelliferic acid and zeorin.
Der Einfluß von D-Penicillamin auf den Gehalt einiger Organe an Spurenelementen sowie auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften von Kollagen / Trace Elements in Several Organs and Mechanical Properties of Collagen under the Influence of D-Penicillamin
Authors: Wesch H. , Jonak R. , Nemetschek-Gansler H. , Riedl H. , Nemetschek Th. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The content of trace elements in several organs of rats under the influence of D-penicillamine (D-PA) was investigated by the neutronactivation-analysis. It could be shown an diminution of Cu, and Co under D-PA-treatment, the content of Fe, Mn, Rb and Zn was not influenced. The investigat­ ed organs didn’t show any submicroscopic alterations under D-PA. On isolated collagen fibrils of tail tendon was seen a significantly diminuition of E-moduls. In accordance with Siegel the principal effect of D-PA is thought to block the synthesis of functional groups from Schiff-base crosslink precursors but not to inhibit lysyloxidase by loss of Cu-ions of connective tissue. The thermostability of D-PA influenced fibrils is changed in stretched state only and will be due to the lack of crosslink Schiff-bases; where as the shrinking point of not stretched fibrils shows only aging dependent changes.
Characterization of the Inhibition of Photosynthetic Electron Transport in Pea Chloroplasts by the Herbicide 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol by Comparative Studies with 3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,1- dimethylurea
Authors: Rensen J. J. S. van , Wong D. , Govindjee  
Published: August 2017

An attempt to characterize the mechanism of inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport in isolated pea chloroplasts by the herbicide 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol (DNOC) by a comparison with the effects of 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1.1-dimethylurea (DCMU) revealed the following:
1.The percent inhibition of oxygen evolution by a given herbicide concentration is the same at various light intensities except at very low intensities where the percent inhibition becomes larger. The same results are obtained with the herbicide DCMU.
2.The concentration of DCMU causing 50% inhibition of oxygen evolution decreases with de­creasing chloroplast (and thus of chlorophyll) concentration. With DNOC, the relative decrease is much less than with DCMU. At the inhibited molecule, there appears to be a cooperative binding of DCMU with two binding sites and a noncooperative binding of DNOC with only one binding site.
3.The chlorophyll a fluorescence induction is influenced by DNOC in the same characteristic way as it is by DCMU: both herbicides cause a faster rise in fluorescence yield than in control chloroplasts, although a higher concentration of the former is required for the same effect.
4.The chlorophyll fluorescence emission spectra at 77 CK show a slight decrease in the bands at 685 and 735 nm, and no or only a very slight decrease at 695 nm upon addition of high con­centrations of either DCMU or DNOC before the onset of illumination.
5.The degree of polarization of chlorophyll a fluorescence is lower after addition of DCMU or DNOC upon excitation by 460 or 660 nm light.
It is concluded that, although the chemical structure of DNOC is completely different from that of DCMU, its site and mechanism of inhibition is similar to that of DCMU. Both herbicides inhibit electron transport between the primary electron acceptor of photosystem II and the plastoquinone pool. This causes a closing of the reaction centers of photosystem II. However, the interaction with the inhibited molecule is different for the two herbicides.
Conformational Changes of the Membrane-Bound ATPase of Bacterial Chromatophores Revealed by Fluorescence Changes of Fluorescamine-Labelled Coupling Factors
Authors: Gräber Peter , Saphon Sathamm 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The solubilized coupling factor (F1) of Rps. sphaeroides chromatophores was allowed to react with fiuorescamine which led to a fluorescence labelled F1 . After reconstitution with the depleted membranes the fluorescence-labelled F1 was shown to restore photophosphorylation in continuous light in a similar way to the non-labelled F1 . In parallel, a decrease of the fluorescence emission of the labelled and reconstituted coupling factor was observed. The solubilized and labelled F1 showed also a fluorescence decrease as the polarity of the medium was increased. In single turnover flashes the fluorescence change was found to be inhibited by an uncoupling agent such as FCCP. The kinetics of the change were sensitive to phosphorylating agents and to an “energy transfer inhibitor” such as venturicidin.
It is suggested that the observed fluorescence changes reflect conformational changes of the ATPase enzyme complex.
Da Terra Brasilis ao Brasil dos generais: Um percurso histórico de autoritarismo e violência
Authors: Munsberg Gabriel Felipe Pautz , Cunha João Manuel dos Santos 
Published: August 2017

O artigo relata resultados da investigação denominada “Marcas da violência em literatura e cinema”, vinculada ao projeto de pesquisa “Literatura, cinema e autoritarismo” (UFPel-CNPq-PROBIC-FAPERGS, 2011-2012). O propósito é o de analisar a obra cinematográfica Como era gostoso o meu francês (Nelson Pereira dos Santos, 1971), considerando as relações intertextuais identificadas no filme com os hipotextos quinhentistas Hans Staden: Zwei Reisen nach Brasilien (Duas viagens ao Brasil, 1557, Hans Staden) e Histoire d'un voyage faict en la terre du Brésil (Viagem à Terra do Brasil, 1578, Jean de Léry). A aproximação contrastiva das narrativas, centrada no exame dos contextos histórico, cultural e político em que as obras foram criadas, busca averiguar a incidência de possíveis traços de autoritarismo na constituição do imaginário nacional, historicamente enformado por práticas arbitrárias no exercício de poder autoritário, marcado por violência e iniquidade.Palavras-chave: Literatura; cinema; autoritarismo; violência
O Menino do Pijama Listrado: da literatura ao cinema
Authors: Sangaletti Letícia 
Published: August 2017

Este é um estudo comparatista entre o romance O menino do pijama listrado, de John Boyne, e da obra cinematográfica homônima, dirigida por Mark Herman. Objetiva observar de que modo o cineasta se apropria da ficção escrita pelo literato irlandês, e verificar se e como a película dialoga com o livro. Para isso, utilizamos, como aporte teórico, sobretudo reflexões de Stam (2003), Rehn (2010) e Corseuil (2009). A partir da leitura do texto fílmico e literário, constatamos algumas mudanças no decorrer da narrativa fílmica, como a ordem das ações de personagem e pequenas alterações no enredo, que podem ter contribuído para um desfecho mais impactante do produto final.Palavras-chave: O menino do pijama listrado; holocausto; tradução; cinema; literatura.
Interchromosomal Transfer of Immune Regulation During Infection of Barley with the Powdery Mildew Pathogen
Authors: Surana Priyanka , Xu Ruo , Fuerst Gregory , Chapman Antony V E , Nettleton Dan , Wise Roger P 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPowdery mildew pathogens colonize over 9500 plant species, causing critical yield loss. The Ascomycete fungus, Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh), causes powdery mildew disease in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Successful infection begins with penetration of host epidermal cells, culminating in haustorial feeding structures, facilitating delivery of fungal effectors to the plant and exchange of nutrients from host to pathogen. We used expression Quantitative Trait Locus (eQTL) analysis to dissect the temporal control of immunity-associated gene expression in a doubled haploid barley population challenged with Bgh. Two highly significant regions possessing trans eQTL were identified near the telomeric ends of chromosomes (Chr) 2HL and 1HS. Within these regions reside diverse resistance loci derived from barley landrace H. laevigatum (MlLa) and H. vulgare cv. Algerian (Mla1), which associate with the altered expression of 961 and 3296 genes during fungal penetration of the host and haustorial development, respectively. Regulatory control of transcript levels for 299 of the 961 genes is reprioritized from MlLa on 2HL to Mla1 on 1HS as infection progresses, with 292 of the 299 alternating the allele responsible for higher expression, including Adaptin Protein-2 subunit μ AP2M and Vesicle Associated Membrane Protein VAMP72 subfamily members VAMP721/722. AP2M mediates effector-triggered immunity (ETI) via endocytosis of plasma membrane receptor components. VAMP721/722 and SNAP33 form a Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor Attachment Protein REceptor (SNARE) complex with SYP121 (PEN1), which is engaged in pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity via exocytosis. We postulate that genes regulated by alternate chromosomal positions are repurposed as part of a conserved immune complex to respond to different pathogen attack scenarios.
Experiencia vital y tragedia en una familia de inmigrantes: Panorama desde el puente de Arthur Miller
Authors: Campos Daniel G. 
Published: August 2017

Este artículo presenta una lectura de Panorama desde el puente, de Arthur Miller, enfocada en las formas en que la obra retrata la vida personal y familiar del inmigrante. La lectura se desarrolla de lo particular a lo universal, es decir, de las experiencias de una familia italiana en el Brooklyn del siglo XX, como ejemplar de las vivencias de familias de inmigrantes en particular, a vivencias y conflictos que atañen a la condición humana en general. La primera parte provee una descripción fenomenológica de experiencia personal del inmigrante como experiencia de transformación a nivel (i) de sus afectos, (ii) de sus relaciones con lugares, personas y comunidades y (iii) de los fines que concibe y persigue para su vida. La segunda aborda la relación entre la ley, la justicia y las costumbres morales de una comunidad y como esta relación afecta la vida de los personajes. La tercera, a modo de conclusión, discute cómo esta relación contribuye a provocar una tragedia familiar que refleja la tragedia de muchos inmigrantes en el mundo actual. El análisis se apoya en la puesta en escena de la obra dirigida por Tatiana de la Ossa y coproducida por la Compañía Nacional de Teatro y el Teatro Universitario de Costa Rica en 2016.
Adverse effect of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) on soybean protein composition
Authors: Egri Bosnyákné H. , Kerepesi I. , Keszthelyi S. 
Published: August 2017

Damage induced on soybean by Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is easily recognizable. We were curious to know whether, in addition to this visual and quantitative damage, change occurs also in the nutritional value of the harvested product.
The Weendei analysis showed that as compared to the healthy items, the protein content (P=0.048) of the miteinjured seeds as well as their composition (P=0.048) has changed. No significant changes in the raw fat content could be confirmed by the statistical results of the study (P=0.643). Concerning the contents of raw ash (P=0.069) and raw fibre (P=0.859), there were no significant differences.
Three distinct changes in protein structure were confirmed by gel electrophoresis. Substantially less 69 kDa protein was detectable in the infested soybean, whereas no 48 kDa protein was present in the control sample; it only appeared in the infested ones. There was a higher amount of 30 kDa protein in the infested stock. In summary, alteration in the protein structure was caused by T. urticae, and changes were triggered in the protein content of the affected soybean plants. The protein structure-change in damaged soybean items caused further decline in the feed consuming capacity of farm animals.
Homenagem ao prof. Almir Maia, consolidador do Cogeime
Authors: Dias Alvim Gustavo Jacques 
Published: August 2017

Foi muito interessante essa revisita ao passado, para buscar fontes de informações históricas, pois se de um lado trouxe-me saudade, por outro proporcionou-me a ampliação do conhecimento sobre o papel significativo desempenhado pelo COGEIME para a educação metodista, tanto no Brasil como além-fronteiras, nessas últimas cinco décadas. Quando se tem oportunidade de investir tempo numa análise criteriosa, isenta e ampla desse passado, constata-se quão extraordinários têm sido os frutos propiciados pelo COGEIME; quão competentes têm sido os seus dirigentes e quão importantes e corajosos foram os investimentos feitos, tempos atrás, em sua estrutura administrativa e funcional, na expansão de sua competência, na profissionalização de suas atividades e no modo de se relacionar com a Igreja Metodista, sua mantenedora, sobretudo quando deu extraordinário apoio e contribuições para a elaboração das “Diretrizes para a Educação na Igreja Metodista”, dentre tantas outras ações.
Leadership and Small Firm Financial Performance: The Moderating Effects of Demographic Characteristics
Authors: Flanigan Rod , Bishop Jacob , Brachle Ben , Winn Bradley 
Published: August 2017

<p>The present study builds on extant leadership literature by examining the role demographic variables (including age, tenure as a leader at the current company, experience in the industry, and level of education) play as moderating effects on the relationship between leadership style and small business financial performance in the industrial markets. Financial data, leadership data, and demographic data were collected from 100 small, industrial distribution organizations. Statistical regression models were used to examine the relationship between the independent variables (transformational and transactional leadership styles) and dependent variables (year-over-year sales and profit margin performance), as well as the potential moderating effect of demographic variables (age, tenure, education, experience). The findings showed that transformational leadership was positively associated with the financial performance of an industrial distribution firm. It was also shown that the demographic characteristics examined did not moderate the relationship between leadership and firm performance.</p>
Partilha da aporia: diálogos com Alberto Pucheu
Authors: Cabral Cleber Araújo , Prado Rafael Lovisi 
Published: August 2017

Como apresentar um rosto e(m) suas muitas faces e, ao mesmo tempo, escapar às capturas que uma rostificação implica? Funções, titulações, instituições, publicações, orientações: traços que, por um lado, permitem entrever a potência produtiva de nosso entrevistado – mas que, por outro, podem ocasionar o engendramento de semblantes encerrados na imobilidade dos signos, clausura que age justamente através desse mais de um rosto a que dão forma. Talvez então, nesta tarefa irremediável, seja melhor que ele se delineie nas orlas da poesia e da filosofia pelos murmúrios e marulhos que transitam pela voz daquele que, por hora, põe-se a falar. Deixar que ele se torne clandestino na fala que partilha conosco, que se ponha um pouco à deriva nas marés do diálogo que lhe foi proposto, às margens do disciplinar, nas arrebentações e aporias do contemporâneo.
Gilles Luquet, Systématique historique du mode subjonctif espagnol. Klincksiek, Paris, 1988; 341 pp. (Annexes des Cahiers de Linguistique Hispanique Médievale, 5).
Authors: Knauer Gabriele 
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Systématique historique du mode subjonctif espagnol.
Carmen de Burgos (Colombine), La Flor de la Playa y otras novelas cortas. Ed., introd. y sel. C. Núñez Rey. Castalia-Instituto de la Mujer, Madrid, 1989; 451 pp.
Authors: Bordons Teresa 
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: La Flor de la Playa y otras novelas cortas.