bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond Field Effect: Analysis of Shrunken Centroids in Normal Esophageal Epithelia Detects Concomitant Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Selaru Florin M. , Wang Suna , Yin Jing , Schulmann Karsten , Xu Yan , Mori Yuriko , Olaru Alexandru V. , Sato Fumiaki , Hamilton James P. , Abraham John M. , Schneider Paul , Greenwald Bruce D. , Brabender Jan , Meltzer Stephen J. 
Published: October 2017

Background and Aims Because of the extremely low neoplastic progression rate in Barrett's esophagus, it is difficult to diagnose patients with concomitant adenocarcinoma early in their disease course. If biomarkers existed in normal squamous esophageal epithelium to identify patients with concomitant esophageal adenocarcinoma, potential applications would be far-reaching. The aim of the current study was to identify global gene expression patterns in normal esophageal epithelium capable of revealing simultaneous esophageal adenocarcinoma, even located remotely in the esophagus. Methods Tissues comprised normal esophageal epithelia from 9 patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma, 8 patients lacking esophageal adenocarcinoma or Barrett's, and 6 patients with Barrett's esophagus alone. cDNA microarrays were performed, and pattern recognition in each of these subgroups was achieved using shrunken nearest centroid predictors. Results Our method accurately discriminated normal esophageal epithelia of 8/8 patients without esophageal adenocarcinoma or Barrett's esophagus and of 6/6 patients with Barrett's esophagus alone from normal esophageal epithelia of 9/9 patients with Barrett's esophagus and concomitant esophageal adenocarcinoma. Moreover, we identified genes differentially expressed between the above subgroups. Thus, based on their corresponding normal esophageal epithelia alone, our method accurately diagnosed patients who had concomitant esophageal adenocarcinoma. Conclusions These global gene expression patterns, along with individual genes culled from them, represent potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma from normal esophageal epithelia. Genes discovered in normal esophagus that are differentially expressed in patients with vs. without esophageal adenocarcinoma merit further pursuit in molecular genetic, functional, and therapeutic interventional studies.
Who is Ready to Change Illicit Drug Use Behavior: An Emergency Department Study
Authors: Frausto Kenneth A. , Bazargan-Hejazi Shahrzad 
Published: October 2017

Objective To identify emergency department patients who are ready to change their illicit drug use behavior. Methods A cross-sectional study of 198 Emergency Department patients at least 18 years old, seeking emergency department services, using at least one illicit drug, and scoring positive for alcohol problem based on CAGE score ≥ 1. Results Of the patients, 46% were “not ready” to change their drug behavior, 21% and 33% were “unsure” and “ready”, respectively. Our results identified that “Readiness to change alcohol behavior” [t (197) = 3.37, p ≤ 0.001], health insurance [t (197) = -3.011, p ≤ 0.003], number of drug use [t (197) = 2.88, p ≤ 0.004], and drug-related injury [t (197) = 1.98, p ≤ 0.049] were related to readiness to change illicit drug behavior. Conclusion Our results re-iterate the need for intervention programs that focus on screening and treatment for both drugs and alcohol.
Effect of Two-minute Application of 35% Sodium Ascorbate on Composite Bond Strength following Bleaching
Authors: Ismail Eman H , Kilinc Evren , Hardigan Patrick C , Rothrock James K , Thompson Jeffrey Y , Garcia-Godoy Cristina 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
The aim of this study is to assess the effect of 35% sodium ascorbate on microtensile bond strength of dentin immediately after bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide.

Materials and methods
A total of 25 sound human 3rd molars were collected. Teeth were randomly divided into five groups for different treatments: Group I [bleaching + immediate bonding (i.e., restoration)], group II (bleaching + delayed bonding), group III (bleaching + sodium ascorbate + immediate bonding), group IV (bleaching + sodium ascorbate + delayed bonding), and group V (bonding only). After bleaching, but before bonding, groups II and IV were stored for 1 week in deionized water at 37°C. All samples were bonded using OptiBoned FL (Kerr) and Filtek Supreme (3M/ESPE). Teeth were sectioned into 1 × 1 mm 2 bars, and microtensile bond strength was tested with a universal testing machine (Instron 8841) at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/minute.

Results
Microtensile bond strength differed significantly across the five groups, with a significant reduction in microtensile strength observed for samples in group I relative to samples in any of the other treatment groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The application of a high concentration of sodium ascorbate for a shorter time reversed the negative effect of 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching on composite bonding strength to dentin.

Clinical significance
The negative effects of bleaching on composite bonding can be neutralized by the application of the reversing agent sodium ascorbate thus, increasing the efficiency of clinic chair time. This is clinically relevant for those patients requiring restorative treatment immediately after inoffice bleaching.

How to cite this article
Ismail EH, Kilinc E, Hardigan PC, Rothrock JK, Thompson JY, Garcia-Godoy C. Effect of Twominute Application of 35% Sodium Ascorbate on Composite Bond Strength following Bleaching. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(10):874-880.
Assessment of Influence of Contact Time between Alginate and Type III Dental Stone on Properties of Cast Model: An in vitro Study
Authors: Dev Shruti , Garhnayak Mirna , Dhal Angurbala , Garhnayak Lokanath , Kar Aswini K 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Alginate is a versatile, irreversible hydrocolloid impression material, which is cost-effective and forms an essential component in dental practice. For elevating the hardness of the cast models, hardeners are combined with stone. Hence, we planned the present study to evaluate the impact of altering the time of contact between alginate and stone after various interim periods.

Materials and methods
The present study included the assessment of impact of time of contact between alginate and stone by the construction of 90 casts using a cylinder model. Two bisecting lines were marked and were named as y and y'. These lines were used for testing the dimensional stability. Using chemically cured acrylic resin, the construction of ten special trays was done. All the impression casts were randomly divided into two study groups, with 45 casts in each group.group I: control group, casts were removed after 60 minutes; group II: study group, casts were removed after 9 hours. A digital caliper was used for measuring the dimensional stability of the cast. All the data were collected and analyzed.

Results
In the specimens of the control group (group I) and the study group (group II), the mean dimensions from y to y' were found to be 17.54 and 17.95 respectively. The mean reading of hardness in the control group and study group was found to be 0.59 and 0.20 respectively. In groups I and II, the number of specimens showing clarity of two lines (X and X”) was 0 and 5 respectively.

Conclusion
There was no change in the dimensional stability of the dental stone model when the contact time was increased.

Clinical significance
Within certain limits, the contact time between alginate and stone can be altered without significantly altering the properties of the cast.

How to cite this article
Dev S, Kar AK, Garhnayak M, Garhnayak L, Dhal A. Assessment of Influence of Contact Time between Alginate and Type III Dental Stone on Properties of Cast Model: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(10):911-914.
Evaluation of the Sealing Capability of the Internal Conical Connections of Implants with Titanium and Zirconia Abutments
Authors: Turkyilmaz Ilser , Black Damian L , Chong Chol H 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTAimThe purpose of thisin vitroinvestigation was to evaluate the sealing capability of the conical implant–abutment interfaces under different abutment screw torque values using titanium and zirconia abutments with Morse taper designs.Materials and methodsA total of 42 dental implants (n = 21 for titanium abutments and n = 21 for zirconia abutments) were inoculated internally with three bacteria. These assemblies were divided into four test groups (n = 10) based on screw fixation torques of 35 or 20 Ncm and placed in sterile broth; the remaining abutments were used as positive controls and torqued to 10 Ncm. Microleakage was quantified by enumerating the bacteria from the colony-forming units. An analysis of variance for the estimates of bacteria enumerated and microgaps was used with apost hocanalysis as indicated. A p-value of 0.05 was used as the level of significance.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in microleakage among the four test groups; there were no significant effects of screw torque or abutment type on the bacteria enumerated. There was a significantly smaller mean microgap with the zirconia abutments.ConclusionThe results of this study indicated no statistically significant difference in the sealing capabilities between titanium and zirconia abutments, having internal conical connections, after increasing the abutment screw torque.Clinical significanceIt is important for clinicians to follow the guidelines suggested by the implant companies to avoid biomechanical complications over time.How to cite this articleBlack DL, Turkyilmaz I, Lien W, Chong CH. Evaluation of the Sealing Capability of the Internal Conical Connections of Implants with Titanium and Zirconia Abutments. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(10):915-922.
Study to assess Activity and Concentration of Gammaglutamyl Transpeptidase in Precancerous and Cancer Patients and Its Comparison with Controls
Authors: Kathariya Mitesh D , Farooqui Anjum AJ , Bangi Sayeedalaeque , Khalekar Yogita J , Nikumbh Neha D , Jadhav Keeran B 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Objective
The purpose of the study is to highlight the use of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) as salivary enzyme tumor marker and assess the activity and concentration of GGT in precancerous and cancer patients and compare it with the normal control.

Materials and methods
Individuals in the age group of above 20 years were included in the study. In this study, salivary GGT was analyzed in 75 cases. The selected patients were divided into three main groups as group I (controls with normal health), group II (patients with precancerous lesions and conditions), and group III (patients with oral cancer lesions). All the selected individuals were analyzed for salivary GGT.

Results
A significant difference was observed between control and precancerous groups with GGT values at 5% level of significance. The mean GGT value is significantly higher in precancerous group as compared with control group (p < 0.05). A significant difference was observed between control and cancerous groups with GGT values at 5% level of significance. The mean GGT value is significantly higher in cancerous group as compared with control group (p < 0.05). A significant difference was observed between precancerous and cancerous groups with GGT values at 5% level of significance. The mean GGT value is significantly higher in cancerous group as compared with precancerous group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
There is a remarkable increase in salivary GGT activity in both precancerous and cancerous conditions. The increased activity was more marked in cancerous conditions than in precancerous conditions. The GGT levels were two- to threefold increased in precancerous conditions as compared with control group. This finding was statistically significant and also suggested the strong correlation between GGT levels and presence of precancerous conditions.

Clinical significance
Integration of all these observation strengthens our thinking that elevation of salivary GTT in precancerous and cancerous conditions can be a reliable biomarker in early detection and prevention of oral malignancy.

How to cite this article
Farooqui AAJ, Thete SG, Bangi S, Khalekar YJ, Nikumbh ND, Jadhav KB, Kathariya MD. Study to assess Activity and Concentration of Gamma-glutamyl Transpeptidase in Precancerous and Cancer Patients and Its Comparison with Controls. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(10):943-946.
Prevalence of Periodontal Destruction and Putative Periodontal Pathogens in the Same Lebanese Family
Authors: Yahfoufi Zoubeida Al 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
Periodontal diseases are associated with microorganisms rich in Gram-negative species. Several studies have indicated the presence of few a periodontopathic microorganisms in the same family. A parent with severe adult periodontitis, who is infected with bacteria associated with periodontal disease, may function as a source of infection. Their children may be at a greater risk to become colonized with bacteria. The purpose of this investigation was (1) to explore the presence of three bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG), Prevotella intermedia (PI), and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (AA) in the same Lebanese family and (2) to study the clinical destruction in the same family and their relations as members of this family due to the presence of PG.

Materials and methods
A total of 10 families were screened; only 5 (13 females and 5 males) were selected for this study, and at least one member of the family had untreated periodontal disease, chronic or aggressive. Every participant signed an informed consent form. A total of 18 available deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples were taken to analyze the presence of three periodontal bacteria.

Statistics
Multiple logistic regression was used for the exact methods.

Results
All 18 patients showed a positive result for PI. Also, PG. was recognized in 15 patients while AA was not detected in any of the subjects. All couples suffered from periodontitis, chronic or aggressive forms, five children suffered from gingivitis, three children had no clinical manifestation, and only one suffered from localized aggressive periodontitis.
The statistical analysis showed with each 1 year of increase in age, the odds of having periodontal disease multiply by 1.39, i.e., age as a risk factor for periodontal disease due to the presence of PG and sharing the same plate.

Conclusion
This investigation demonstrates a high prevalence of periodontal microorganisms in children and young adults of Lebanese periodontitis parents and a microbiological similarity between the children and their mothers. All these factors could be a high risk of developing periodontal disease in the future.

Clinical significance
This article shows that vertical transmission of microorganisms is a possible risk factor for developing periodontal disease in the offspring.

How to cite this article
Al Yahfoufi Z. Prevalence of Periodontal Destruction and Putative Periodontal Pathogens in the Same Lebanese Family. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(10):970-976.
Comparative Evaluation of Myeloperoxidase Enzymatic Activity in Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Subjects having Orthodontic Treatment by Different Aligning Arch Wires
Authors: Bhasin Vinny , Singh Madhavi , Goutam Manish , Singh Shuchi , Nigam Adamya S , Joshi Aditya 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
There exist a number of factors that affect the outcome of orthodontic treatment. These factors can be assessed by various gingival markers. One such maker is myeloperoxidase (MPO). Hence, we planned the present study to assess and compare the MPO activity in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of subjects undergoing orthodontic treatment by different aligning arch wires.

Materials and methods
The present study included assessment of patients who underwent orthodontic treatment for crowding of anterior teeth. Diagnostic cast models of all the subjects were made for recording the irregularity index. All the subjects were randomly divided into three study groups with 15 patients in each group based on the type of nickel–titanium (NiTi) arch wires used. A collection of GCF samples was done in all the patients at various time intervals and it was sent to the laboratory for assessment of MPO activity. Activity of the MPO enzyme was expressed in terms of number of units per 100 µL. All the results obtained were compiled and analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software.

Results
We observed that nonsignificant results were obtained while comparing the mean age and mean gingival score in all the study groups. However, significant results were obtained on comparing the mean MPO enzymatic activity in all the study groups at different time intervals.

Conclusion
Both superelastic NiTi and heat-activated NiTi generate optimal forces, which are necessary for higher metabolic response of the periodontal ligament.

Clinical significance
In the intimal stages of orthodontic treatment, both superelastic NiTi and heat-activated NiTi wires are superior in leveling and aligning the crowded teeth.

How to cite this article
Bhasin V, Singh M, Goutam M, Singh S, Nigam AS, Joshi A. Comparative Evaluation of Myeloperoxidase Enzymatic Activity in Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Subjects having Orthodontic Treatment by Different Aligning Arch Wires. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(10):977-980.
Melanotic Macule in Conjunction with a Giant Cell Fibroma
Authors: Seitz Samantha D , Dinh Thanhphuong N , Yoon Thomas YH 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The aim of this study is to describe a case of a melanotic macule found in conjunction with a giant cell fibroma (GCF). For oral pigmented lesions without an identifiable etiologic factor, critical factors in determining the differential diagnosis are clinical history, symmetry, and uniformity of the lesions. Potential differential diagnosis includes racial pigmentation, endocrine disturbance, Peutz–Jeghers syndrome, trauma, hemochromatosis, oral malignant melanoma, or idiopathic etiology and melanotic macules. Melanotic macules are the most common solitary pigmented melanocytic lesions in the oral mucosa, corresponding to 86.1% of melanocytic lesions of the mouth. Giant cell fibromas are reactive connective tissue lesions in the oral cavity. They were first described as a distinct entity in 1974 by Weathers and Callihan and make up around 5 to 10% of all oral mucosa fibrous lesions. They are commonly mistaken for other growths, such as pyogenic granuloma and fibroma, and diagnosis is accurately based on its distinctive histopathology.
This article presents the clinicopathologic findings of a 15-year-old Hispanic male presenting for biopsy of a melanotic macule on the mandibular anterior buccal gingiva. Histologic evaluation of the specimen revealed that the lesion also contained a GCF. Pathologic lesions of the mouth should be carefully diagnosed. Conventionally, histologic evaluation is the gold standard to produce a final diagnosis. As evidenced in this article, multiple lesions may exist in a site and may be mistakenly diagnosed as a single entity.

Clinical significance
While each lesion has been reported individually, in reviewing the literature, no cases were reported in which both histopathologic findings of GCF and melanotic macule were present within the same lesion.

How to cite this article
Seitz SD, Dinh TN, Yoon TYH. Melanotic Macule in Conjunction with a Giant Cell Fibroma. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(10):981-985.
Liquidaties in Nederland in historisch perspectief
Authors: Slot E. 
Published: October 2017

Contract killings in the Netherlands in historical perspective
This article describes the subsequent waves of contract killings in the Netherlands since the twentieth century. Contract killings appear to happen especially within ethnic groups which are newcomers to Dutch society. The Chinese community in Amsterdam fought two internal ‘wars’. The first one was from 1918 till 1935 and circled around the trade in opium and arms. The second one took place between 1969 and the mid-seventies and was fueled by conflicts about the heroin trade. Then Turkish criminals took over the heroin trade, which resulted in a wave of Turkish victims of contract killings throughout the second half of the seventies and into the eighties. The cocaine trade came up in the eighties and was run first by Chileans and later by Colombians, which resulted in several murders within the criminal circles of these communities. While contract killings of (by birth) Dutch criminals had always been very rare, this changed from the mid-eighties. These killings not only took place in Amsterdam, but also in the southern provinces of Limburg and Brabant, as well as in Rotterdam. Most Dutch criminals specialized in cannabis growing and trading. In the nineties the number of contract killings reached a peak. By then Yugoslavs had entered the criminal scene in the Netherlands. They cooperated with Dutch criminals and offered their services as hitmen. From 2000 onwards the number of contract killings has been dropping constantly and has now reached a more or less constant level of around twenty yearly. In the last couple of years many young Moroccan Dutch criminals have been killing and killed in conflicts on drugs trade. The author signalizes a lack of ‘professionalism’ in contract killers today and draws a parallel with the period when Chinese criminals were fighting their wars in Amsterdam. The hitmen are young, have little experience, are not intelligent and use far too many bullets to do the job.
Pasolini, années 1940-1942 : généalogie d’une poétique antifasciste
Authors: Houcke Anne-Violaine 
Published: October 2017

Pier Paolo Pasolini a vécu sa jeunesse sous le ventennio nero : vingt années de mises en scène grandiloquentes de la romanità, sur fond de décors de marbre qu’une archéologie très sélective manipule. L’étude de ses premiers textes permet de retracer la genèse d’une résistance à ce que l’historien Eric Hobsbawm a appelé « l’invention [fasciste] des traditions ». En analysant les trois écoles fondamentales dont se réclame Pasolini dans sa correspondance — Longhi, la réflexion sur la langue (hermétisme et dialecte) et Freud —, ainsi que les concepts (l’histoire, la tradition) qu’il dispute au fascisme dans ses premiers textes publiés, cet article met en évidence l’élaboration d’une pensée de l’invention artistique, entendue au sens étymologique et archéologique de la mise au jour de données invisibles, car exclues de l’idéologie officielle, reléguées « hors champ », interdites de représentation. L’article se termine par une analyse succincte de la traduction qu’a faite Pasolini de fragments de la poétesse grecque archaïque Sappho, l’un des premiers exemples d’une matrice grecque qui informera toute son oeuvre à venir.
Un cinéma blessé : Pasolini et le mythe de la ville intacte
Authors: Bertozzi Marco 
Published: October 2017

Quel est l’imaginaire urbain esquissé par Pasolini dans ses films ? Quelles sont les formes de la ville imaginées dans son oeuvre, d’abord à Rome puis dans d’autres cités, dans les pays du « tiers-monde » ? Cet article tente de répondre à ces questions en partant de l’hypothèse que le cinéaste aborde la représentation de la ville en ayant à l’esprit l’urbs intacte, dont l’identité pure, presque mythique, est encore gardée par ses murs antiques (comme par le cadenas qui assure l’inviolabilité de l’image de la ville dans la célèbre Vue de Florence « à la chaîne »), et qu’il vit comme une blessure profonde toute tentative d’ouvrir ce type de ville à la contemporanéité ; ce qui l’amène à prendre la défense de la ville entière, même dans ses aspects les plus ordinaires et les moins monumentaux, de la même manière qu’il défend la littérature populaire et la poésie dialectale, tout aussi importantes à ses yeux que l’oeuvre de Dante ou de Pétrarque.