bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
12. Vascular pain: Ischemic pain in the extremities and Raynaud's syndrome
Authors: van der Gaag Antal , Cohen Steven P. , Stojanovic Milan P. , Huygen Frank J. P. M. , Kallewaard Jan Willem 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionPeripheral artery diseases (PAD) and Raynaud's syndrome are associated with substantial morbidity. PAD, through the restriction of blood flow to the extremities, may lead to critical limb ischemia with symptoms of pain at rest which may eventually progress to severe limb ischemia with gangrene. This serious and painful clinical condition requires extensive medical care, is limb‐threatening and, in case of delayed or unsuccessful treatment, is associated with a high mortality rate. In Raynaud's syndrome, the blood supply to certain parts of the body, usually the fingers and toes and less frequently the nose or ears, is restricted because of vasculopathy of the smaller vessels at acral sites. Under certain circumstances, with cold as the most well‐known provoking factor, blood flow restriction occurs, leading to demarcated color changes and symptoms such as pain, paresthesia, and numbness. In severe cases of Raynaud syndrome tissue ischemia may lead to necrosis and the need for amputation of the affected area.MethodsIn this narrative review, the literature on the diagnosis and interventional pain treatment of PAD and Raynaud's syndrome was updated and summarized.ObjectivesThis review focused on interventional pain treatment. In PAD, the effects of the intervention on limb salvage, ulcer healing, and ischemic pain were summarized. Additionally, results with respect to skin microcirculation and quality of life were reported if available. In Raynaud's syndrome, we focused on the effect of the intervention on peripheral blood flow metrics and pain intensity during attacks.ResultsIn PAD, prevention and treatment of risk factors are important. Initially, conservative treatment and pharmacological therapy are preferred first‐line therapies. However, when disease progression occurs, interventional management may be considered. The literature search yielded conflicting evidence for sympathectomy as a treatment for PAD. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) as a treatment modality for advanced PAD had high‐quality evidence for limb salvage in subgroups of patients but conflicting evidence for other outcome measures such as pain, wound healing, and quality of life. The literature search for interventional pain management in Raynaud's syndrome was limited to only one randomized controlled trial (RCT) studying the effect of thoracic sympathectomy. This study had several limitations and hence the level of evidence for this interventional treatment is very low. No RCTs studying SCS in patients with Raynaud's syndrome were found.ConclusionsIn both PAD and Raynaud's syndrome, additional RCTs are needed to substantiate interventional (pain) management and bolster the evidence base for sympathectomy and SCS as treatment options.
Genetic Evidence of Recessive Epistasis Among Sex Determining silkless1 (sk1) tasselseed1 (ts1) and tasselseed2 (ts2) Genes and Its Utility in Maize (Zea mays L.) Breeding
Authors: Zunjare Rajkumar Uttamrao , Muthusamy Vignesh , Chand Gulab , Chauhan Priyanka , Rathore Aayushi Singh , Katral Ashvinkumar , Mishra Subhra Jyotshna , Hossain Firoz 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn maize, sex is determined by the formation of staminate and pistillate florets from an initially bisexual floral meristem through action of Silkless1 (Sk1), Tasselseed1 (Ts1) and Tasselseed2 (Ts2) genes. In this study, separate temperate donors having mutant sk1 (EC904829 and EC904831), ts1 (EC904827) and ts2 (EC904824) genes were crossed with sub‐tropical inbreds (HKI323 and HKI1105) to investigate the genetics and interaction of silkless and tasselseed traits. The monogenic and nuclear inheritance of sk1, ts1 and ts2 genes was established in a standard Mendelian principles in both monohybrid and dihybrid crosses irrespective of genetic background. About 444 F2 progenies across digenic population ‐A, ‐B and ‐C segregated as 239 normal: 109 silkless: 96 tasselseed, and 377 progenies of digenic populations ‐D, ‐E and ‐F segregated with 214 normal: 79 silkless: 84 tasselseed plants revealing recessive epistatic interaction (9:3:4) of sk1 with two ts mutations (ts1 and ts2). No progeny with both silkless and tasselseed phenotype was observed. The double mutants (sk1sk1/ts1ts1 and sk1sk1/ts2ts2) were identified through progeny testing. Our study emphasize the untapped potential of these mutants, providing a renewed focus for maize breeders worldwide.
Salinity‐Induced Photorespiration in Populus Vascular Tissues Facilitate Nitrogen Reallocation
Authors: Wilhelmi Maria del Mar Rubio , Maneejantra Nuchada , Balasubramanian Vimal Kumar , Purvine Samuel O. , Williams Sarai , DiFazio Stephen , Stewart C. Neal , Ahkami Amir H. , Blumwald Eduardo 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAdaptation to abiotic stress is critical for the survival of perennial tree species. Salinity affects plant growth and productivity by interfering with major biosynthetic processes. Detrimental effects of salinity may vary between different plant tissues and cell types. However, spatial molecular mechanisms controlling plant responses to salinity stress are not yet thoroughly understood in perennial trees. We used laser capture microdissection in clones of Populus tremula x alba to isolate palisade and vascular cells of intermediary leaf from plants exposed to 150 mM NaCl for 10 days, followed by a recovery period. Cell‐specific changes in proteins and metabolites were determined. Salinity induced a vascular‐specific accumulation of proteins associated with photorespiration, and the accumulation of serine, 3‐phosphoglycerate and NH4+ suggesting changes in N metabolism. Accumulation of the GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE 2 protein, and increased GS1.1 gene expression, indicated that NH4+ produced in photorespiration was assimilated to glutamine, the main amino acid translocated in Populus trees. Further analysis of total soluble proteins in stems and roots showed the accumulation of bark storage proteins induced by the salinity treatments. Collectively, our results suggest that the salt‐induced photorespiration in vascular cells mediates N‐reallocation in Populus, an essential process for the adaptation of trees to adverse conditions.
Furosemide for patent ductus arteriosus during cyclooxygenase inhibitor therapy: A systematic review
Authors: Kitaoka Hiroki , Terada Yusuke , Tanaka Kosuke , Nozaki Masatoshi , Masutani Satoshi , Isayama Tetsuya , Toyoshima Katsuaki 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough furosemide is used during cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor therapy for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), there are concerns regarding increased ductal closure failure and acute renal failure (ARF). This systematic review explores the effects of furosemide during COX inhibitor therapy.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Igaku Chuo Zasshi databases for randomized clinical trials that assessed furosemide during COX inhibitor therapy for PDA in preterm infants. The primary outcome measure was PDA closure failure. Mortality and other complications were also assessed. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool for randomized control trials, and the certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria.ResultsOverall, three trials involving 121 patients were included in the analysis. The overall incidence of PDA closure failure was 28%. Although the result of PDA closure failure, mortality, and ARF were obtained, other outcomes were not described in any of the studies. The risk of bias was high. The risk of PDA closure failure did not increase with furosemide administration. Furosemide was not associated with decreased mortality but was associated with an increased risk of ARF (risk ratio, 4.96 [95% confidence interval: 1.80–13.6]). The certainty of evidence for all outcomes was very low.ConclusionAlthough furosemide is not associated with an increased risk of PDA closure failure or mortality, the risk of ARF increases after furosemide administration during COX inhibitor therapy.
Types and timing of trauma exposure across the life course and maternal hypertension
Authors: Stanhope Kaitlyn K. , Michopoulos Vasiliki , Powers Abigail , Boulet Sheree L. , Kramer Michael R. , Suglia Shakira F. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundExposure to trauma across the life course may be associated with cardio‐metabolic dysfunction during pregnancy; however, previous research has been inconsistent, particularly in highly exposed populations.ObjectivesTo estimate associations between types and timing (first occurrence) of trauma exposure and hypertension experienced during pregnancy in a safety‐net hospital in Atlanta, Georgia, 2011–2022.MethodsParticipants completed a 14‐item trauma screener. We linked that information to data from the medical record on hypertension (including chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension or preeclampsia). We fit logistic regression models and used the estimates to calculate risk ratios for each trauma type and each critical window (0–9 years, 10–19 and 20+). We fit unadjusted models and adjusted for age, parity and education.ResultsWe included 704 individuals with a delivery within 12 months following screening. The majority (94%, 661) reported at least one traumatic event, most commonly witnessing violence (79.4%). Overall, 18% experienced gestational hypertension, 10.8% chronic hypertension and 11.9% preeclampsia. Among individuals who reported trauma, 31.5% screened positive for probable posttraumatic stress disorder and 30.9% for probable depression, compared to 0 and 2.3% among those without reported trauma. No trauma type (violence, witnessing violence, non‐interpersonal or sexual assault) was associated with increased hypertensive risk, regardless of timing.ConclusionsIn this sample with a high trauma and hypertension burden, trauma was not associated with an elevated risk of hypertension during pregnancy, despite a high burden of PTSD and depressive symptoms among people with trauma exposure.
Women exposed to famine in early gestation have increased mortality up to age 76 years
Authors: Wiegersma Aline Marileen , Roseboom Tessa J. , de Rooij Susanne R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe have previously shown that exposure to famine in early gestation was associated with poorer adult health and, in women, with reduced survival up to age 64.ObjectivesHere, we explore the association between prenatal famine exposure and mortality up to age 76 for men and women separately.MethodsWe studied adult mortality (>18 years) in men (n = 989) and women (n = 1002) born as term singletons around the time of the 1944–1945 Dutch famine. We compared overall and cause‐specific mortality among men and women exposed to famine in late, mid, or early gestation to that among unexposed persons (born before or conceived after the famine) using Cox regression.ResultsIn total, 500 persons (25.1%) had died after age 18. Women exposed to famine in early gestation had higher overall (HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.00, 2.23), cancer (HR 2.17, 95% CI 1.32,3.58) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 2.33, 95% CI 0.91, 5.95) compared to unexposed women. Mortality rates among men were not different between exposure groups.ConclusionThis study showed that women, but not men, exposed to famine in early gestation had increased overall, cardiovascular and cancer mortality up to age 76. Although prenatal famine exposure affects adult health of both men and women, it seems to only lead to increased mortality among women.
The Dignity of Nonworking Men*
Authors: Halpern‐Meekin Sarah , Cho Seungmi L. , Landrum Grace , Talkington Adam 
Published: October 2024

AbstractStudies have demonstrated the centrality of work and dignity in men's understanding of themselves and their place in society, especially in rural areas. However, previous studies of work and identity among men have generally drawn from the perspectives of the employed. From interviews with nonmetro prime‐age men (25–54 years old) who were out of the formal labor force (N = 61), we find that men present themselves as deserving of dignified treatment. They do so by drawing on the values of work—describing themselves as skilled, hard workers with a strong sense of personal responsibility. Ironically, this sense of self‐worth can conflict with them remaining in the formal labor force because of how they are treated and how others conduct themselves on the job. In this rural setting, hegemonic market‐based values guide men even when outside the institution of work, yet some men find they can only resolve tension between these values and the realities of employment outside the formal labor market.
Cold Plasma Ameliorates Imiquimod‐Induced Psoriasis‐Like Skin Inflammation in Mice
Authors: Kim Yu‐Jin , Kim Beom Joon , Seok Joon , Han Hye Sung , Yoo Kwang Ho , Choi Sun Young 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesCold plasma has shown efficacy in various dermatological applications by reduces inflammatory responses and modulating cytokine expression. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of cold plasma on psoriasis.MethodsIn psoriasis HaCaT cells with cold plasma, we confirmed the expression of inflammatory cytokines involved in psoriasis formation and MAPK pathway, cell cycle, and apoptosis‐related factors. In psoriasis‐like BALB/c mice model, the effects of cold plasma treatment on skin were visually assessed. The expression of psoriasis‐related factors was confirmed through qPCR, Western blotting, and Immunohistochemistry.ResultsCold plasma led to a reduction in inflammatory cytokines including IL‐17A, IL‐23A, IL‐24, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α in the psoriasis cell line. It also modulated factors involved in the MAPK pathway and the cell cycle. In the psoriasis‐like mice model, cold plasma resulted in improvements in skin thickness, erythema, scaling, and PASI. Additionally, decreases in inflammatory cytokines like INF‐γ, IL‐23, and S100a7 were observed, along with improvements in MAPK pathway activation, apoptosis, and other psoriasis‐related factors.ConclusionThrough in vitro and in vivo studies, our research highlights the potential of cold plasma as a novel therapeutic approach for psoriasis. Furthermore, cold plasma could serve as an adjunctive treatment for skin immunological diseases.
Ability to do otherwise, reasons, and causes
Authors: Milczarek Karol 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWhat does it tell us about the compatibility of freedom and determinism to recognize that, while acting freely, we typically have good reasons for whatever we are doing? More than it seems, I suppose. In this paper, it is argued that two well‐established accounts of human freedom—libertarianism and local miracle compatibilism—understate the connection between reasons and actions, leaving us only with the causal part of the explanation. This is so because on the basis of these views, a majority of alternate actions relevant for the ascription of the ability to do otherwise turn out to be either unreasonable or irrational. Hence, by denying that free agents possess an ability to do otherwise rationally, these accounts fail to provide an adequate characterization of free action. Then, it is shown that the necessary requirement of reasons‐responsiveness may be satisfied by the altered‐reasons analysis of the ability to do otherwise. This particular kind of multiple‐past compatibilism, while providing a plausible response to the incompatibilist argument, also corresponds to a version of conditional analysis that is resistant to the classical objections to desire‐, choice‐, or try‐based conditionalism.
Long‐term survival and complications following small intestinal resection and partially stapled, functional end‐to‐end anastomosis
Authors: Kopec Elizabeth Katherine , Stevens Martha , Crowe Oliver , Wright Chris , Suthers Joanna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to investigate the long‐term survival and postoperative complications in horses that had undergone small intestinal resection and a modified anastomosis technique using a partially stapled, functional end‐to‐end anastomosis.Study designObservational retrospective case series.AnimalsA total of 25 horses underwent small intestinal resection and a partially stapled, functional end‐to‐end anastomosis.MethodsA modified technique to create a partially stapled, functional end‐to‐end anastomosis is described. The clinical case records of all horses that fulfilled the criteria between January 1, 2010 and January 1, 2020 were reviewed. Data on short‐term survival and postoperative complications were collated. A telephone questionnaire of owners was undertaken to evaluate long‐term survival.ResultsDuration of follow up was from one to 4232 days (median 785 days). A total of 21/25 (84%) of horses survived to discharge, 19/25 (76%) horses were alive at 6 and 12 months and 64% survived to 2 years. A total of 64% of horses developed at least one postoperative complication. Two horses developed a small intestinal volvulus necessitating repeat laparotomy. One horse had kinking at the anastomosis site diagnosed at post‐mortem examination.ConclusionPartially stapled functional end‐to‐end anastomosis technique in this study had similar short‐ and long‐term survival to those reported in previous studies using handsewn techniques, but severe complications at the anastomosis site occurred in >10% of cases.Clinical relevanceThe anastomosis technique described appears to have similar short‐ and long‐term survival and complication rates, compared to more commonly used anastomosis techniques. However, there is potential for severe complications at the anastomosis site.
Numerical and Optimization Studies on Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition Engine With Hydrogen and Split Injections
Authors: Amba Prasad Rao G. , Balaji Lakkisetty Venkata 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Effective abatement of harmful tail-pipe emissions from fossil fuel run engines is achieved through low-temperature combustion strategies; the reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) mode of operation has been successful among such concepts. The present work deals with numerical work performed using ansys forte software with n-heptane as a high-reactivity fuel and hydrogen in different proportions as a low-reactivity fuel, respectively. With total energy fixed, the amount of hydrogen is varied from 0% to 80% fuel injection is regulated accordingly. Pertinent engine in-cylinder parameters with patterns are extracted, emphasizing the combustion phenomena of RCCI operation with the lowest possible emissions targeted, with the combined effects of hydrogen induction, start of injection, and split injections. The contours of fuel vapor and emission parameters are obtained to relate the performance with emissions. It is noted that with a split injection strategy at 50/50 and 75/25 split strategy and 45–50% energy share from hydrogen, the NOx, soot reductions, and thermal efficiency penalty are in the range of about 5.5%, 24%, and 7.5%, respectively, also, with 30% exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), about 95% NOx reduction but with higher soot values. A 75/25 split and advanced injection timing of 25 deg bTDC resulted in the RCCI mode of operation with reduced soot emissions, and the use of EGR has resulted in high levels of soot and poor fuel efficiency. Among the models of machine learning tested, random forest regressor emerged as the most suitable, with higher R2 values, indicating better predictive capability.
Enrichment of Chlorophyta Growth Via Cerium Oxide and Utilized for Hydrogen Production Via a Hydrothermal Gasification Process
Authors: Soudagar Manzoore Elahi M. , Upadhyay Viyat Varun , Naga Bhooshanam N. , Kumar Niraj , Venkatesh R. , Prabagaran S. , Wei Hua-Rong , Al Obaid Sami , Alharbi Sulaiman Ali 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The growing interest in alternative fuels stems from the need to address energy security and economic challenges. Hydrogen fuel is considered a promising solution due to its versatility, efficiency, and potential for zero emissions, as well as continuous technological advancements and increasing policy support. This study intends to enhance Chlorophyta growth by incorporating different volume percentages of cerium oxide (CeO2) as feedstock for hydrogen production through hydrothermal gasification. The research findings indicate that the highest concentration (0.2 vol%) of CeO2 resulted in the maximum growth of 0.63 µ/day, which was utilized for hydrogen extraction. Additionally, the investigation explored the impact of Chlorophyta algae loading (0.05–0.15 g/mL) and processing temperature (500–650 °C) on molar fraction, hydrogen yield, gasification efficiency, carbon efficiency, and total hydrogen production. Higher feedstock (0.15 g/mL) and gasification temperature (650 °C) were found to improve hydrogen fraction (61.8%), yield (10.2 mol/kg), gasification efficiency (43.8%), and total hydrogen production (62.5%).
Using digital tools and antigen rapid testing to support household-level SARS-CoV-2 detection by community health workers in Rwanda: an operational pilot study
Authors: Nshimiyimana Ladislas , Bigirimana Noella , Ngabonziza Jean-Claude S , Rwabihama Jean-Paul , Rutayisire Robert , Semakula Muhammed , Rukundo Gilbert , Mugabo Hassan , Mutabazi Josue , Mukamana Beatrice , Mazarati Jean-Baptiste , Kadam Rigveda , Akinwusi Olukunle , Suleiman Khairunisa , Muvunyi Claude Mambo , Akugizibwe Paula 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo evaluate the use of antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) alongside a digital tool to deliver household-level COVID-19 testing by community health workers (CHWs), in line with Rwanda’s ambition to decentralise COVID-19 testing.DesignThis was an operational pilot study to evaluate the impact and operational characteristics of using the digital e-ASCov tool combined with Ag-RDTs to support COVID-19 symptom screening and rapid testing by CHWs across eight districts in Rwanda. A total of 800 CHWs selected from both rural and urban areas were trained in delivering Ag-RDTs for COVID-19 testing and using the e-ASCOV application for data capture on a smartphone. Laboratory technicians repeated a subset of Ag-RDTs to assess the concordance of results obtained by CHWs. The study also assessed CHWs’ experience of the intervention using a mixed-methods approach.SettingEight rural, urban and semiurban districts in Rwanda.ParticipantsA total of 19 544 individuals were enrolled and screened for signs and symptoms of COVID-19.InterventionsCommunity-based screening for COVID-19 by CHWs using the digital tool e-ASCov combined with rapid testing using Ag-RDTs.Main outcome measuresNumber of participants screened and tested; concordance of Ag-RDT results between CHWs and laboratory technicians; feasibility of study procedures by CHWs and CHWs perceptions of the digital tool and Ag-RDT testing.ResultsFrom February to May 2022, CHWs screened 19 544 participants, of whom 4575 (23.4%) had COVID-19-related symptoms or a history of exposure to the infection. Among them, 86 (1.9%) were positive on Ag-RDTs. Concordance of Ag-RDT results between CHWs and laboratory technicians was 100%. Of the 800 trained CHWs, 746 (93.3%) were independently able to conduct household-based COVID-19 screening, perform the Ag-RDTs and send data to the central server. Most CHWs (>80%) found Ag-RDTs and e-ASCOV easy to use.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the feasibility of deploying a digital tool and Ag-RDTs for household-level SARS-CoV-2 detection in Rwanda. The findings support a broader roll-out of digitally supported rapid testing by CHWs to broaden access to testing for priority diseases.