bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preferencias de Universidad y Carreras con mayor demanda en la Región San Martín 2017 - 2019
Authors: Paz Vilchez José Eber , López Díaz Kimberly , Romero Chinguel Lory Clarita 
Published: April 2017

<p class="BodyText">La presente investigación se desarrolló en el departamento de San Martin. El objetivo principal de este estudio es conocer las preferencias demandadas por los estudiantes al momento de elegir una carrera universitaria, así también la preferencia de la universidad para realizar sus estudios superiores. El método de estudio fue de tipo descriptivo, de diseño transversal. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por 1435 estudiantes de 14 a 20 años que vienen cursando del 3er año al 5to de secundaria la cual se tuvo como referencia las Provincias y Distritos de la Región San Martín. Tarapoto, Rioja, Moyobamba, Nueva Cajamarca, Juanjui, Yurimaguas, Bellavista Lamas y Tocache. Se aplicó el instrumento que se utilizó para medir las preferencias de las carreras más demandantes. Por las cuales se realizaron diferentes preguntas, basadas la elección de una carrera y el centro educativo donde estudiar. El resultado obtenido ubica en primer lugar a la Universidad Nacional de San Martín con un 25.6%, (368), seguido por la Universidad Peruana Unión con un 18.8% (270), teniendo como carreras banderas medicina con 15.7% (225), seguido por Ingeniería civil 14.4% (217) y Administración de Empresas 11.2% (161). Se concluye que en la Región de San Martín existe demanda por las Universidades y carreras tradicionales. </p>
Capacidades institucionales para la vinculación científico-tecnologica en una universidad de gestión estatal
Authors: Fernanda Di Meglio 
Published: April 2017

<p>Desde una perspectiva teórica proveniente de la ciencia política, en este artículo se identifican y analizan las distintas <em>capacidades institucionales universitarias </em>implicadas en el desarrollo de la política de vinculación científico-tecnológica en una universidad argentina de gestión estatal. Los datos empíricos en los que se basa esta investigación se generaron a través de análisis documental proveniente de la universidad objeto de estudio y se complementó con entrevistas semi-estructuradas aplicadas a distintos funcionarios vinculados a la temática. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la universidad estudiada desarrolló <em>capacidades institucionales </em>vinculadas a la creación de una estructura de interacción <em>ad hoc</em> que cumple la función de enlace entre el entorno y la universidad, a la implementación de una política de incentivos para promover la participación de la comunidad</p>
Randomized controlled trial of rectal misoprostal and intramuscular oxytocin in the prevention of PPH
Authors: A. Savitha , H. Sarita , Gumma Kashinath 
Published: April 2017

Background: PPH accounts for merely 23% of maternal mortality in developing countries. Misoprostol is a uterotonic agent and is a PGE analogue commonly used in management of PPH. Oxytocin is another uterotonic agent which is now been introduced as intramuscularly effective agent to prevent PPH.This study aims to compare rectal misoprostol with intramuscular oxytocin in reducing blood loss in third stage of labor to prevent PPH. Objective of present study is to compare the clinical effect of rectal misoprostol with intramuscular oxytocin in prevention of PPH.Methods: A randomized study was conducted over duration of 3 months, at Department of OBG, BRIMS, Bidar, Karnataka, India. Patients with singleton pregnancy with the history of one previous LSCS and opting for elective LSCS were included in the study. Patients with risk pregnancy, such as pre eclampsia, cardiac disease and asthma or grand multipara were excluded from the study. Immediately after spinal anesthesia rectal misoprostol was given while oxytocin was administered after delivery of the baby. Incidence of PPH and amount of blood loss was observed and compared.Results: The difference in both the groups with regard to mean amount of blood loss, mean duration of the third stage of labor, and mean amount of fall in hemoglobin level was not statistically significant as P value was >0.05. The incidence of PPH and the need for additional oxytocic are slightly more in the misoprostol group. The incidence of shivering and pyrexia was more in the misoprostol group, but not so disturbing so as to lead to disuse of this drug.Conclusions: Oral misoprostol, though not a replacement of parenterally administered oxytocin, can be used safely in all deliveries for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage.
A review of the blood transfusion practices in neuroanesthesia in the perioperative period in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Ali Zulfiqar , Hassan Nelofar , Mehdi Saqib , Shah Mubashir A. , Bijli Akram Hussain , Khan Talib 
Published: April 2017

Background: Blood transfusion involves the administration of blood and blood components. Neurosurgical procedures are associated with significant blood loss with the need for blood transfusion in the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative period to maintain optimal hemodynamic and cerebral oxygenation. Various neurosurgical procedures as traumatic brain injury, complex spinal surgeries, and endovascular neurosurgical procedures may need blood transfusions to maintain the optimal physiology.Methods: This study was performed prospectively at a tertiary care hospital in northern India with about a work load of 800 to 1000 elective neurosurgical surgical procedures being done per year. This data was collected prospectively over a period of one year from the patients being operated for elective neurosurgical procedures and later on shifted to the neurosurgical intensive care unit and the neurosurgical wards. The patients operated for emergency procedures for traumatic brain surgery were not included in the study.Results: A total of 455 elective neurosurgical procedures were done during the study period. Out of these 455 patients there were 95 patients who were in the paediatric age group with age less than 12 years. Out of 360 adult patients 85 patients were in need of blood transfusion which constituted 23.6 percent of the operated patients. Out of these 85 patients 45 patients needed two transfusions in the form of whole blood or packed cells, 40 patients needed a single transfusion.42 units of fresh frozen plasma were transfused to 17 patients with 15 patients receiving platelet transfusions.Conclusions: In conclusion, neurosurgical population is associated with significant blood loss and a requirement of blood transfusion. About 47 percent of paediatric population needed blood transfusion in our study with around 24 percent of adult population. The transfusion requirement was mainly seen in patients with craniostenosis, meningiomas, cerebello pontine tumours and meningiomas.
Comparative study of duration of analgesia with epidural bupivacaine and bupivacaine with tramadol in lower limb surgeries
Authors: Saxena Dipti , Sanwatsarkar Sadhana , Dixit Atul , Arya Bipin 
Published: April 2017

Background: The administration of local anaesthetic and opioid mixture via epidural route is excellent for post-operative pain during lower limb surgeries. This combination provides better quality of analgesia, lower side effects and high level of patient satisfaction. Therefore, this study was taken up to evaluate the efficacy safety, tolerance and side effects for the combination of tramadol and bupivacaine in the management of post-operative pain.Methods: This was a prospective study where a total of 40 patients; 20 each in group I and II were selected. Patients who were admitted for lower limb surgeries in age range of 18-50yrs and belonged to ASA grade I &II. Group A was given epidural bupivacaine 0.5% and group B was given epidural bupivacaine 0.5% with tramadol 50mg. The parameters studied were onset of action, quality of anesthesia, degree of motor blockade, duration of analgesia, hemodynamic alterations, intraoperative and postoperative complications. Pain was evaluated with verbal score. Results were evaluated statistically.Results: The mean duration of analgesia was significantly longer in patients with tramadol. The quality of analgesia and pain scores were better in patients who were administered tramadol. The number of drug doses required was significantly reduced by addition of tramadol.Conclusions: Tramadol is a safe and effective adjuvant to epidural bupivacaine for prolongation of total duration of analgesia in lower limb surgeries.
Medical thoracoscopy- an experience
Authors: Shah Naveed Nazir , Mehfooz Nazia , Farooq Syed Suraya , Dar Khurshid A. , Shumayl . , Tariq . 
Published: April 2017

Background: Medical thoracoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure for diagnosing and treating pleural diseases especially undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion. It is cost effective and safe. The diagnostic yield in undiagnosed pleural effusion is excellent.Methods: This prospective observational study was done in Government Chest Disease hospital of Government Medical College, Srinagar during the period between December 2015 to Dec 2016.Thirty undiagnosed pleural effusion patients after thoracocentesis and who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria’s were included in the study. Medical thoracoscopy using rigid thoracoscope was started for the first time in our hospital and was done in these enrolled patients. Clinical, Thoracoscopic findings and histopathological data of the patients were collected prospectively and analysed.Results: Maximum patients were in the age group of 41-50 years. Most common Thoracoscopic finding was multiple nodules (40%) followed by sago grain infiltration (33.4%). Malignancy was the most common HPE finding of pleural biopsy (46.6%) followed by TB (33.3%). All nodules (13) turned out to be malignant while all sago grain appearance pleura (10) turned out of to be TB. The overall diagnostic yield is 80% as a whole and 96% among patients who had thoracoscopic pleural findings.Conclusions: Medical Thoracoscopy is a safe and easy outpatient procedure and an excellent diagnostic tool for undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion. The diagnostic yield is quite high and complications of procedure are negligible.
Profile of newborns discharged from the intensive neonatal care unit submitted to the kangaroo ward
Authors: Souza Karla Camila Lima de , Carvalho ANNY Caroline Ferreira de , Evangelista Natália Maria Chagas , Nascimento Magnely Moura do , Braide Andrea Stopiglia Guedes , Silveira Maria Goretti Alves de Oliveira da , Viana Márcia Cardinalle Corrêa , Araújo Maria Valdeleda Uchoa Moraes 
Published: April 2017

Background: Describe the profile of newborns discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) sent to a kangaroo ward and their neonatal variables.Methods: Retrospective and documentary study with a quantitative approach, performed at the General Hospital César Cals, whose sample consisted of 30 charts. The following variables were analyzed: weight, gestational age, Apgar score, gender, race, adequacy of the pregnancy and assistance provided in the NICU and kangaroo ward. The variables were analyzed using Microsoft Excel® 2010 program to obtain percentages.Results: There was a prevalence of extremely premature infants with high underweight and small size for the gestational age, male gender and browns, with Apgar score at 1st and 5th minutes more than 7, born by cesarean section, who used mechanical ventilation and surfactant, with prevalence of respiratory distress syndrome, with admission weight in Kangaroo ward less than 1.250g, making use of exclusive breast milk, who were attended by physiotherapy and with weight less than 1.600g at discharge, of the variables studied.Conclusions: Kangaroo care is an excellent cost-effective model for the newborn coming from the neonatal intensive care unit.
Cross sectional study on nutritional status and prevalence of anemia in rural adolescents
Authors: A. Dharmalingam , Mena Raju , S. Raghupathy N. , M. Sowmiya 
Published: April 2017

Background: This study is targeted to find out the nutritional status of adolescents in rural population. Studies were done in urban areas of India on nutritional status and anemia prevalence these studies do not reveal the actual prevalence of anemia and malnutrition among adolescents in the rural areas. The purpose of this study is therefore to determine the nutritional status and prevalence of anemia in rural adolescents.Methods: Five hundred and eight rural adolescent school going and non-school going living in villages around A.V.M.C. and H., Pondicherry of age 10 to 19 years of both sexes were chosen by systemic random sampling. Migration populations were excluded from the study.Results: Among 24 Villages, of which 20 Camps were conducted and 508 Adolescents were included. The non-school going constituted 8.27% among male and 27.39% among female. Among the school going males were 42.2% and female were 30.5%. Among male, in the school going group, 33.96% in early, 36.14% of middle and 43.94% of late adolescents were under nourished, whereas in non-school going male, 50% in early, 58.33% of middle and 20% of late adolescents were under nourished. In case of female adolescent, in the school going group, 49.18% in early, 20.59% of middle and 18.42% of late adolescents were under nourished whereas in non-school going female, 14.29% in early, 36.84% of middle and 45.95% of late adolescents were under nourished. Stunting is more common among boys from 10 years of age to 14 years of age than girls. After 14 years of age stunting is more common in girls than boys. The average stunting was 46.18% in male and to 48.1% in females.Conclusions: Under nutrition was found to be a significant problem in both sexes of rural adolescents. Late adolescents were more undernourished in both sexes. Under nutrition was more common in boys than in girls. Anemia was more common in female than in male in both school going and non-school going. Anemia was more common in non-school going than in school going in both sexes. Severe anemia was more common in female of non-school going group.
Effect of antenatal corticosteroid on early neonatal outcome in preterm neonates: a prospective observational study
Authors: H. Joy Christ , K. Praveen B. 
Published: April 2017

Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is the most common complication observed in preterm neonates. It has been observed in many studies done till date that neonates born to mothers who have received antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) have shown significantly lesser incidence in developing RDS as compared to neonates born to mothers who have not received ACS. The aim of the present study is to observe and compare the outcome of the neonates born to the mothers who have received and not received ACS between 24 weeks + 0 days to 36 weeks + 6 days of gestation.Methods: This was a hospital based prospective observational study, consisting of 201 neonates born to the mothers who have received and not received ACS between 24 weeks + 0 days and 36 weeks + 6 days of gestation. The outcome of neonates was observed and the data was analyzed by using frequency percentage and pearson’s chi square test.Results: Two hundred and one neonates were included in our study. It was concluded that the need of surfactant (P=0.004), CPAP (P=0.001) was significantly less and the rate of survival (P=0.000) was better in babies born to mothers who have received ACS in comparison to neonates born to mothers who have not received ACS. Conclusions: It was observed that in neonates there was significantly lesser incidence of respiratory distress syndrome, use of surfactant, CPAP, ventilation and number of deaths. But there was no significant statistical difference in incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, and PDA as compared to neonates born to mothers who have not received ACS. Hence it will require further study and analysis in a larger population.
A hospital based prospective study to determine incidence of retinopathy of prematurity among premature and low birth weight babies admitted to NICU in Rajarajeshwari Medical College and Hospital
Authors: Raj Darshan K. , E. Adarsh , R. Prema , Jayaprakash . , M. Dhanyatha , Naseer Sherin 
Published: April 2017

Background: ROP is a disorder of the developing retinal blood vessels in the premature infant retina. Objective of present study is to determine the number of babies affected with ROP among the premature and low birth weight babies admitted to neonatal intensive care unit or attending neonatal follow up clinic at RRMCH Hospital during a period of one year.Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted in Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital Bangalore for 12 months. All eligible babies were screened at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit where temperature is well controlled and the place to handle any emergencies. The pupils were dilated using 2.5% phenylephrine and 0.5% tropicamide eye drops instilled three times into each eye at intervals of 15 minutes about one hour before the scheduled examination.Results: 100 babies were screened and followed up. The incidence of ROP is 40%. Gestational age (<37weeks) and low birth weight (2500g) are important risk factors for ROP. Our study concluded that ROP is an important complication of prematurity.Conclusions: The present study highlights the magnitude of the problem due to ROP in a tertiary care centre. Meticulous fundus examination with indirect ophthalmoscopy in all preterm babies with gestational age <37weeks and birth weight ≤2500gms is essential non invasive method for early detection of ROP and its progression.
Thrombocytosis as an additional predictor of serious bacterial infection in febrile young infants
Authors: Eapen Merin , R. Sreelatha P. , C. Jayakumar 
Published: April 2017

Background: To estimate the incidence of Reactive Thrombocytosis among febrile young infants and to assess the utility of platelet count as a potential predictor of Serious bacterial infection (SBI).Methods: This study was conducted as a prospective study between January 2014 to September 2015 at the tertiary care pediatric unit, Alappuzha, India. The participants were all infants 30 to 89 days of age, admitted with rectal temperature >38°C. The results of the sepsis evaluation on admission were recorded. SBI included cases of occult bacteremia, urinary tract infection, bacterial meningitis, pneumonia, bacterial gastroenteritis and infections of the soft tissues and bones.Results: Of the 120 infants studied, 24 (28%) had SBI. Platelet count was significantly higher in infants with SBI compared to those without {Platelet count ≥ 4.5lakhs /mm3 in SBI (70.3%) vs. Non SBI (30.2%). Mean platelet count 4.82±1.4 in SBI vs. 3.9±1.2 in non SBI which was statistically significant (p<0.05). Thrombocytosis had moderate ability in predicting SBI (Area under curve area under the curve: 0.720). The combination of platelet count ≥450,000/mm3, WBC ≥15,000/mm3, C-reactive protein ≥1 mg/dl, pyuria ≥5 White blood cells (WBC) per High power field (HPF) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) >30mm/hr resulted in identification of all infants with SBI.Conclusions: Thrombocytosis in combination with leukocytosis, elevated C-reactive protein, ESR, and pyuria, may help in early recognition of febrile young infants at risk for SBI.
Simple and feasible blood markers-as predictors of perinatal asphyxia
Authors: Koreti Sunita , Gupta Akriti 
Published: April 2017

Background: The objective of this research work was to study the hematological parameters as predictors of perinatal asphyxia and to assess their correlation with severity. Setting: Postnatal Wards, Kamla Raja Hospital and SNCU, Department of Pediatrics, Kamla Raja Hospital, Gajra Raja Medical College, Gwalior. Design: A prospective case control study. Participants :100 cases and 100 controls enrolled based on the selection criteria, on day 1 of life.Methods: New born on day 1, who fits the selection criteria was enrolled. Birth details, relevant perinatal history, findings on physical examination and systemic signs were recorded on a predesigned proforma. Staging was done and new born classified as HIE stage I, II or III. Cord blood samples were collected and results analysed. Results: This study included 100 cases and 100 controls. Presence of maternal illness and birth history were found to have significance (p value <0.001) when compared between cases and controls. Number of nucleated RBCs/100 WBCs were found to be 6±1.93 in HIE-I; 9.5±4.8 in HIE-II and 16.45±6.6 in HIE-III as compared to 5.9±3.6 among the controls. The results are found to be significant (p value <0.001). Mean value of hemoglobin found among the controls was 16±2.5. This was 17.4±2.18 in HIE-I; 17.45±1.8 in HIE-II and 15.5±3.07 in HIE-III. The results are significant on comparison between cases and controls and among cases (p value <0.015, <0.001 respectively). Mean value of hematocrit among the controls was 49.24±7.98. This was 52.5±6.57 in HIE-I;52.56±5.46 in HIE-II and 47.6±5.8 in HIE-III. The difference was significant (p value <0.001) when comparison was done among the cases. Value of total leucocyte count (TLC) among the controls was 14.14±4.15; 14.06±6.8 in HIE-I;15.8±5.6 in HIE-II; 21.14±7.90 in HIE-III. The results were significant (p value <0.001) when comparing cases with controls and cases among themselves. There was no correlation seen with platelet count. Polychromatophilia was found significant (p value <0.001) when compared between cases and controls and among cases themselves.Conclusions:Hematological parameters are altered in perinatal asphyxia and can be used to predict the severity and outcome.
Health emergency preparedness: an assessment of primary schools in Abakaliki, South-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Ezeonu Chinonyelum Thecla , Okike Clifford Onuorah , Anyansi Maria Nwakaego , Ojukwu James Osaeloka 
Published: April 2017

Background: Children spend a significant proportion of their day in school, thus pediatric emergencies such as exacerbation of medical conditions, accidental and intentional injuries are likely to occur. An estimate of 10 -25% of injuries occur while the children are at school. It is the legal responsibility of the schools to ensure the safety and well-being of the pupils/students and staff during school hours working towards prevention of accidents and being prepared for immediate solutions when the accidents occur.Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study of 31 registered primary schools in Abakaliki Metropolis. A prepared check list of facilities necessary for emergency care at schools derived from the school health programme evaluation scale was used for the assessment. Data was analyzed using the SPSS statistical package version 8, comparing findings in public schools with the private schools using Chi square. The level of significance was set at p<0.05.Results: A health room was available in 9.7% of schools exclusively private schools. Nurses, doctors and trained first aiders were found in 6.5%, 9.7% and 32.3% respectively of schools. First aid boxes were available in 80.6% of the schools but only 67.7% of the schools could offer first aid treatment at emergencies. None of the public schools had a school safety patrol or a fire extinguisher in contrast to the private schools.Conclusions: Schools, especially the public schools in Abakaliki metropolis are ill prepared for emergencies.