bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Janus Micromotors for Electrochemical Sensing and Biosensing Applications: A Review
Authors: Jurado‐Sánchez Beatriz , Escarpa Alberto 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSelf‐propelled micromotors offer considerable promise to solve electroanalytical challenges. This timely review provides a comprehensive overview of the potential of Janus micromotors for new electroanalytical and biosensing applications. We will describe first the use of Janus micromotors to assist electrochemical measurements using strip‐based microvolume electrodes. Recent advances on actively moving electrochemical (bio)sensors, ranging from enzyme‐powered to light‐emitting electrochemically powered Janus micromotors, will be also described. We hope that this Review provides the reader with some general knowledge and future prospect of the potential of Janus micromotors for electroanalysis.
Spectral response measurements of multijunction solar cells with low shunt resistance and breakdown voltages
Authors: Babaro Juan P. , West Kevin G. , Hamadani Behrang H. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSpectral response measurements of germanium‐based triple‐junction solar cells were performed under a variety of light and voltage bias conditions. Two of the three junctions exhibited voltage and light bias‐dependent artifacts in their measured responses, complicating the true spectral response of these junctions. To obtain more insight into the observed phenomena, a set of current‐voltage measurement combinations were also performed on the solar cells under identical illumination conditions, and the data were used in the context of a diode‐based analytical model to calculate and predict the spectral response behavior of each junction as a function of voltage. The analysis revealed that both low shunt resistance and low breakdown voltages in two of the three junctions influenced the measured quantum efficiency of all three junctions. The data and the modeling suggest that combination of current‐voltage measurements under various light bias sources can reveal important information about the spectral response behavior in multijunction solar cells.
Linking hydrology and sediment dynamics of large alluvial rivers to landscape diversity in the Ganga dispersal system, India
Authors: Roy Nonigopal G. , Sinha Rajiv 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDischarge and sediment load data for several stations along the Ganga River and its major tributaries in the western Ganga plains (WGP) for a period of ~30 years have been analysed to understand the hydrological characteristics and sediment dynamics. In terms of hydrology, the rivers are less flood‐prone than believed, exceeding bankfull discharges less frequently than the expected 1.5 year return interval. This has been attributed to the rivers of this region occupying incised valleys formed in the Late Quaternary period. Rivers draining the WGP are supply‐limited systems compared to those draining the eastern Ganga plains (EGP) which have been characterized as transport‐limited systems. We suggest that such geomorphic diversity as a function of spatial variability in precipitation regime and hinterland geology has existed for at least the Late Quaternary period and they in turn influence the modern day hydrology of the river systems in a significant way. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental and modeling investigation of mass transfer during combined infrared‐vacuum drying of Hayward kiwifruits
Authors: Aidani Emad , Hadadkhodaparast Mohammadhossein , Kashaninejad Mahdi 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn this work, we tried to evaluate mass transfer during a combined infrared‐vacuum drying of kiwifruits. Infrared radiation power (200–300 W) and system pressure (5–15 kPa), as drying parameters, are evaluated on drying characteristics of kiwifruits. Both the infrared lamp power and vacuum pressure affected the drying time of kiwifruit slices. Nine different mathematical models were evaluated for moisture ratios using nonlinear regression analysis. The results of regression analysis indicated that the quadratic model is the best to describe the drying behavior with the lowest SE values and highest R value. Also, an increase in the power led to increase in the effective moisture diffusivity between 1.04 and 2.29 × 10−9 m2/s. A negative effect was observed on the ΔE with increasing in infrared power and with rising in infrared radiation power it was increased. Chroma values decreased during drying.
A Non‐Intrusive Signal‐Based Method for a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Pahon E. , Yousfi‐Steiner N. , Jemei S. , Hissel D. , Moçotéguy P. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis paper presents an experimental study dealing with a non‐intrusive signal‐based method for a fault diagnosis of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The aim of this tool is to define a specific signature of different operating conditions. First, a healthy state has to be defined: an operating condition with fixed parameters values for current, temperature, pressure is used as a reference state. When the operating conditions divert from this state of functioning, a fault is considered. Thanks to the wavelet transform of different signals from the fuel cell system, a signature can be extracted and linked to the considered operating conditions. The energy contents of the wavelet transform is used as an indicator of the state‐of‐health (SoH) of the fuel cell system with the purpose to detect deviations from healthy state operating conditions and to detect the fault related to. The diagnosis tool presented in this paper is based on existing signals acquired on the fuel cell system, in order to minimize the number of actual sensors. The other goals are to minimize the number of extracted parameters from the fuel cell system and to be as less intrusive as possible in the fuel cell system.
Predictors of suicidal ideation in Korean American older adults: analysis of the Memory and Aging Study of Koreans (MASK)
Authors: Na Peter J. , Kim Kim B. , Lee‐Tauler Su Yeon , Han Hae‐Ra , Kim Miyong T. , Lee Hochang B. 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveOur aim is to investigate the prevalence and predictors of suicidal ideation among Korean American older adults and assess the self‐rated mental health of Korean American older adults with suicidal ideation with or without depressive syndrome.MethodsThe Memory and Aging Study of Koreans is a cross‐sectional, epidemiologic study of a community‐representative sample of Korean American older adults (N = 1116) residing in the Baltimore–Washington area. Participants were interviewed using the Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9K). In addition, demographic information, self‐rated mental health, and self‐rated physical health status were obtained.ResultsIn this study, 14.7% of Korean American older adults reported suicidal ideation. Predictors of suicidal ideation included living alone, major or minor depressive syndrome (diagnosed by the PHQ‐9K), shorter duration of residency in the USA, and poorer self‐rated mental health status. Of those who reported suicidal ideation, 64% did not have minor or major depressive syndrome. However, their self‐rated mental health was as poor as that of those with major or minor depressive syndrome but without suicidal ideation.ConclusionSuicidal ideation without depressive syndromes was common among Korean American older adults. For this group of elders with poor self‐rated mental health, future studies should look to improving early detection of suicide risks and developing feasible suicide prevention interventions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Compilation and Analysis of Enzymes, Engineered Antibodies, and Nanoparticles Designed to Interfere with Amyloid‐β Aggregation
Authors: Zhao Jun , Ma Buyong , Nussinov Ruth 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe abnormal accumulation and aggregation of amyloid β (Aβ) is one of the key factors of the synaptic impairment in Alzheimer's disease. Biomolecules, e.g., apolipoproteins, and membrane receptors, are implicated in the aggregation and toxicity of Aβ. Engineered molecules, such as enzymes, antibodies, and nanoparticles, are designed to interfere with these processes. We compile structural information on these molecules and their essential roles in the complex processes of aggregation, disaggregation, degradation, clearance, and inhibition of Aβ. The interactions between Aβ and its partners have no obvious emerging commonalities. One exception is the recognition of the N‐terminal region of Aβ peptides by antibody heavy and light chains, which are facilitated by cooperative interaction not observed in other Aβ‐peptide molecules. Overall, the emerging picture charts a diverse, to date unexplored, landscape and serves as the first‐of‐its‐kind partner‐ and scenario‐specific analysis.
Characteristics of mesoscale convective systems in central East China and their reliance on atmospheric circulation patterns
Authors: He Zhiwei , Zhang Qinghong , Bai Lanqiang , Meng Zhiyong 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTBased on mosaics of composite radar reflectivity for a 4‐year period from July 2007 to June 2011, a total of 354 mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) over central East China were identified and their characteristics were investigated. Using the objective classification method of obliquely rotated principal analysis in T mode, the atmospheric circulation patterns over central East China were classified into nine typical types based on the geopotential height fields at 850 hPa. It was found that 62.2% of daytime MCSs and 67.7% of nocturnal MCSs occurred in meridional atmospheric circulations, which were associated with the Western North Pacific Subtropical High (WNPSH) to the east and a low‐pressure system to the west. The relationship between atmospheric circulation types and characteristics of MCSs was also investigated. Composite analyses revealed two different atmospheric circulation patterns at 500 hPa in meridional atmospheric circulations, the pre‐short‐trough pattern and the cold vortex pattern. The former featured relatively stronger vertical wind shear, warm advection, and convergence at the exit region of low‐level jets (LLJs), while the latter was associated with relatively stronger frontal zones and frontogenesis process. Numbers of MCSs decreased significantly from 2008 to 2010, which might be attributed to changes in the location of WNPSH, the trough to the west and LLJs between the two systems.
Spatial and temporal variability of the frost‐free season in Central Europe and its circulation background
Authors: Wypych Agnieszka , Ustrnul Zbigniew , Sulikowska Agnieszka , Chmielewski Frank‐M. , Bochenek Bogdan 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTThe aim of the study was to investigate the temporal and spatial variability of last spring and first autumn frost events as well as the length of the frost‐free season (FFS) in Central Europe in relation to atmospheric circulation. Studies were conducted for the period 1951–2010 using gridded, daily minimum air temperature data obtained from the E‐OBS dataset at 0.25° spatial resolution. To assess the possible impact of air temperature variability on plants, late spring frost events and severe frost events were also examined with respect to the beginning of the thermal growing season. The role of atmospheric circulation was described using Grosswetterlagen circulation types and NAO index, and finally estimated using empirical orthogonal function analysis (EOF). The results confirm a significant increase in the length of the FFS, up to 10 days per decade in the western parts of Europe. This is mostly a result of earlier occurrence of last spring frost in the west up to 5 days. The occurrence of first autumn frost shows no significant trend in most of the studied regions. The obtained spatial pattern of the trends reflects oceanic (west) and continental (east) climatic conditions of the study area. Detailed analysis of circulation types favouring the occurrence of frost in Central Europe indicates that anti‐cyclonic situations are mainly responsible. EOF analyses for the springtime confirm that the first mode, which accounts for 56% of total variance, is related to an extensive high pressure system over eastern Ukraine and Belarus, which brings an inflow of cold, continental air masses to Central Europe. The results provide a broaden information on the region climatologically important due to its transitional location, which may be relevant for investigating past and future trends in spring freeze risk for perennial crops, as changes in the frequency of these airflow patterns will result in changes in the risk of frost damage.
Preliminary investigation of mineral content of pollen collected from different Serbian maize hybrids – is there any potential nutritional value?
Authors: Kostić Aleksandar Ž , Kaluđerović Lazar M , Dojčinović Biljana P , Barać Miroljub B , Babić Vojka B , Mačukanović‐Jocić Marina P 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDBee pollen has already proved to be a good supplement rich in iron and zinc. Studies on the application of flower pollen in the food industry and medicine have begun. Bearing in mind the prevalence of maize as a crop culture, its pollen will be easily available. The mineral composition of pollen of seven Serbian maize hybrids was analyzed in order to establish its nutritional value and the benefits of its implementation in the human diet using the inductively coupled plasma method.RESULTSThe presence of twenty four different macro‐ (nine) and micronutrients (fifteen) was detected. The most common minerals were phosphorus and potassium, while arsenic, cobalt, lead, nickel and molybdenum were found in some samples.CONCLUSIONComparing the results obtained with recommended or tolerable dietary intake references for adults, it was found that maize pollen can be used as a very good source of zinc, iron, chromium and manganese for humans. With regard to selenium content, pollen samples proved to be moderately good source of this important micronutrient. Contents of some elements (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cr, Se, Al and V) showed significant differences depending on hybrid type. In some samples increased concentrations of aluminum and vanadium were recorded, which may pose a potential problem due to their toxicity. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Physiochemical, texture properties, and the microstructure of set yogurt using whey protein–sodium tripolyphosphate aggregates as thickening agents
Authors: Cheng Jianjun , Xie Siyu , Yin Yuan , Feng Xianmin , Wang Shuai , Guo Mingruo , Ni Chunlei 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDPolymerized whey protein–sodium tripolyphosphate can be induced to gel in an acidic environment provided during fermentation. The variety of thickening agent has an influence on texture that is an essential aspect of yogurt quality affecting consumer preference. Similar to polysaccharide stabilizers, the cold gelation properties of whey proteins can improve the body texture of yogurt products. Polymerized whey protein–sodium tripolyphosphate could be a favorable and interesting thickening agent for making set yogurt.RESULTSThe effects of whey protein isolate (WPI), heat‐treated whey protein–sodium tripolyphosphate (WPI‐STPP), heat‐treated WPI and pectin on the storage properties and microstructure of yogurt were investigated. All samples were analyzed for syneresis, pH, titratable acidity, viscosity, texture profile and microstructure during storage. The results showed that incorporating heat‐treated WPI‐STPP had a significant impact on syneresis (32.22 ± 0.60), viscosity (10 956.67 ± 962.1) and hardness (209.24 ± 12.48) (p < 0.05) with uniform body texture.CONCLUSIONYogurt fermented with modified WPI‐STPP had higher levels of protein and better hardness compared with yogurt using pectin. The microstructure was observed to be a uniform and denser, complicated network. Heat‐treated WPI‐STPP may be useful for improving yogurt texture. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Hospital costs of colorectal cancer surgery for the oldest old: A Dutch population‐based study
Authors: Govaert Johannes A. , Govaert Marc J.P.M. , Fiocco Marta , van Dijk Wouter A. , Tollenaar Rob A.E.M. , Wouters Michel W.J.M. ,   the Dutch Value Based Healthcare Study Group
Published: October 2016

Background Due to increasing healthcare costs, discussions regarding increased hospital costs when operating on high‐risk patients is rising. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze if oldest‐old colorectal cancer patients have a greater impact on hospital costs than their younger counterparts.MethodsAll colorectal cancer procedures performed in 29 Dutch hospitals between 2010 and 2012 and listed in the Dutch Surgical Colorectal Audit were analyzed. Oldest‐old patients (≥85 years) were compared to patients <85 years. Ninety‐day hospital costs were measured uniformly in all hospitals based on time‐driven activity‐based costs.ResultsCompared to <85‐year‐old patients (n = 9130), the oldest old (n = 783) had longer hospital stays (LOS) (11.3 vs. 13.2, P < 0.001), more severe complications (21.8% vs. 29.0%, P < 0.001), more failure to rescue (13.9% vs. 37.0%, P < 0.001) and higher mortality (3.0% vs. 10.7%, P < 0.001). Deceased oldest‐old patients had significantly less LOS and less LOS ICU. Total hospital costs were 3% lower for oldest‐old patients (€13,168) than for <85‐year‐old patients (€13,644, P < 0.001). In cases of severe complications or death, hospital costs for the oldest old were 25% and 31% lower than those of <85‐year‐old patients (both P < 0.001).ConclusionAlthough frequently assumed to be more expensive, operating on oldest‐old patients with colorectal cancer does not increase hospital costs compared to younger patients. This was most likely due to faster deterioration or less aggressive treatment of oldest‐old patients when (severe) complications occurred. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:1009–1015. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Istamycin aminoglycosides profiling and their characterization in Streptomyces tenjimariensis ATCC 31603 culture using high‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Hoang Nguyen Huu , Huong Nguyen Lan , Kim Byul , Sohng Jae Kyung , Yoon Yeo Joon , Park Je Won 
Published: October 2016

A high‐performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization ion trap tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the robust profiling and characterization of biosynthetic congeners in the 2‐deoxy‐aminocyclitol istamycin pathway, from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces tenjimariensis ATCC 31603. Gradient elution on an Acquity CSH C18 column was performed with a gradient of 5 mM aqueous pentafluoropropionic acid and 50% acetonitrile. Sixteen natural istamycin congeners were profiled and quantified in descending order; istamycin A, istamycin B, istamycin A0, istamycin B0, istamycin B1, istamycin A1, istamycin C, istamycin A2, istamycin C1, istamycin C0, istamycin X0, istamycin A3, istamycin Y0, istamycin B3, and istamycin FU‐10 plus istamycin AP. In addition, a total of five sets of 1‐ or 3‐epimeric pairs were chromatographically separated using a macrocyclic glycopeptide‐bonded chiral column. The lower limit of quantification of istamycin‐A present in S. tenjimariensis fermentation was estimated to be 2.2 ng/mL. The simultaneous identification of a wide range of 2‐deoxy‐aminocyclitol‐type istamycin profiles from bacterial fermentation was determined for the first time by employing high‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis and the separation of istamycin epimers.
Comparative Endocytosis Mechanisms and Anticancer Effect of HPMA Copolymer‐ and PAMAM Dendrimer‐MTCP Conjugates for Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Mohammadpour Raziye , Safarian Shahrokh , Buckway Brandon , Ghandehari Hamidreza 
Published: October 2016

Polymer architecture can influence biodistribution and the mode of presentation of bioactive agents to cells. Herein delivery, loading efficiency, and mode of cellular entry of polymer conjugates of the photosensitizer Meso‐Tetra (4‐Carboxyphenyl) Porphyrine (MTCP) are examined when attached to hyperbranched amine terminated poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) dendrimer or random coil linear N‐(2‐hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer containing free amines in the side chains. The in vitro dark cytotoxicity and phototoxicity of MTCP and related conjugates are assessed on mouth epidermal carcinoma (KB) and human adenocarcinoma alveolar basal epithelial (A549) cells. Phototoxicity of polymeric conjugates increases by ≈100 and 4000 fold in KB and A549 cells compared with nonconjugated MTCP. The increase in phototoxicity activity is shown to result from increased rate of cellular uptake, whereas, cellular internalization of MTCP is negligible in comparison with the conjugated forms. The results of this study suggest the superiority of amine‐terminated HPMA copolymer versus PAMAM dendrimer under study for delivery of MTCP. Treatment with various pharmacological inhibitors of endocytosis shows that polymer architecture influences the mechanism of cellular uptake of the conjugated photosensitizer. Results show that polymeric conjugates of MTCP improve solubility, influence the route and the rate of cellular internalization, and drastically enhance the uptake of the photosensitizer.
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Cold pressor gel test: A safe alternative to the cold pressor test in fMRI
Authors: Lapotka Maryna , Ruz María , Salamanca Ballesteros Alberto , Ocón Hernández Olga 
Published: October 2016

PurposeThis study describes a new methodology—the cold pressor gel test (CPGT)—for delivering an accessible experimental pain stimulus, which is reproducible and safe for functional MRI (fMRI).MethodsThe cold pressor test was modified to put safety precautions into the CPGT. The material used is cool gelled water with a thickening product, which provides a stable temperature at 0.2 °C. Thirteen women with chronic pelvic pain were scanned using a 3 Tesla (T) MR scanner equipped with a 12‐channel head coil. Changes in BOLD activation during cold‐induced pain were estimated.ResultsThe results have demonstrated that gel substances maintain a stable temperature during the experiment, resulting in an insignificant variation. Before the experiment, the mean temperature was 0.2 ± 0.11 °C, and at the end it was 0.7 ± 0.15 °C. The time taken by participants to reach the maximum level of pain during the CPGT was 56.92 ± 11.09 s. The pain intensity during the experiments was 6.92 ± 1.66 on the visual analog scale (VAS). The fMRI analysis showed significant BOLD activation in the main brain regions involved in chronic pain processing.ConclusionThe CPGT is an experimental tool to deliver pain that is easily reproducible, particularly in brain functional imaging studies. Moreover, it is cost‐effective, safe, and compatible with fMRI. Magn Reson Med 78:1464–1468, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.