bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MOF‐Templated Synthesis of Ultrasmall Photoluminescent Carbon‐Nanodot Arrays for Optical Applications
Authors: Gu Zhi‐Gang , Li De‐Jing , Zheng Chan , Kang Yao , Wöll Christof , Zhang Jian 
Published: May 2017

AbstractArrays of ultrasmall and uniform carbon nanodots (CDs) are of pronounced interest for applications in optical devices. Herein, we describe a low‐temperature calcination approach with rather inexpensive reactants. After glucose molecules had been loaded into the pores of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), well‐defined CD arrays were produced by heating to 200 °C. The size and spacing of the CDs could be controlled by the choice of templating MOF: HKUST‐1, ZIF‐8, or MIL‐101. The sizes of the obtained CDs were approximately 1.5, 2.0, and 3.2 nm, which are close to the corresponding MOF pores sizes. The CD arrays exhibited interesting photophysical properties, including photoluminescence with tunable emission and pronounced nonlinear optical (NLO) effects. The NLO properties of the obtained CD arrays were significantly different from those of a CD suspension, thus indicating the existence of collective phenomena.
Monitoring the Discontinuous Dodecamer–Icosamer Transition of a Calix[4]arene‐Derived Surfactant by Time‐Resolved Small‐Angle X‐ray Scattering
Authors: Takahashi Rintaro , Matsumoto Sakiko , Fujii Shota , Narayanan Theyencheri , Sakurai Kazuo 
Published: May 2017

AbstractCalix[4]arene‐derived surfactants form monodisperse micelles with a well‐defined aggregation number (Nagg) of 4, 6, 8, 12, or 20, corresponding to the Platonic solids. This feature is in strong contrast to conventional micelles. In this study, a transition from a dodecamer (Nagg=12) to an icosamer (Nagg=20) was induced by a rapid increase in the NaCl concentration (CNaCl) using a stopped‐flow device and directly observed by time‐resolved small‐angle X‐ray scattering. TheNaggremained unchanged during the first 60 s after the increase inCNaCl , and then abruptly increased to 20. This feature resembles phase transitions in supersaturated or supercooled states, or highly cooperative phenomena. We surmise that this finding may be due to the fact that only a fewNaggvalues are thermodynamically allowed whenNaggis sufficiently small. This is the first observation of such an induction time in micellar aggregation.
PrB7−: A Praseodymium‐Doped Boron Cluster with a PrII Center Coordinated by a Doubly Aromatic Planar η7‐B73− Ligand
Authors: Chen Teng‐Teng , Li Wan‐Lu , Jian Tian , Chen Xin , Li Jun , Wang Lai‐Sheng 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe structure and bonding of a Pr‐doped boron cluster (PrB7−) are investigated using photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemistry. The adiabatic electron detachment energy of PrB7− is found to be low [1.47(8) eV]. A large energy gap is observed between the first and second detachment features, indicating a highly stable neutral PrB7. Global minimum searches and comparison between experiment and theory show that PrB7− has a half‐sandwich structure with C6v symmetry. Chemical bonding analyses show that PrB7− can be viewed as a PrII[η7‐B73−] complex with three unpaired electrons, corresponding to a Pr (4f26s1) open‐shell configuration. Upon detachment of the 6s electron, the neutral PrB7 cluster is a highly stable PrIII[η7‐B73−] complex with Pr in its favorite +3 oxidation state. The B73− ligand is found to be highly stable and doubly aromatic with six delocalized π and six delocalized σ electrons and should exist for a series of lanthanide MIII[η7‐B73−] complexes.
Mapping Hydration Water around Alcohol Chains by THz Calorimetry
Authors: Böhm Fabian , Schwaab Gerhard , Havenith Martina 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTHz spectroscopy was used to probe changes that occur in the dynamics of the hydrogen bond network upon solvation of alcohol chains. The THz spectra can be decomposed into the spectrum of bulk water, tetrahedral hydration water, and more disordered (or interstitial) hydration water. The tetrahedrally ordered hydration water exhibits a band at 195 cm−1 and is localized around the hydrophobic moiety of the alcohol. The interstitial component yields a band at 164 cm−1 which is associated with hydration water in the first hydration shell. These temperature‐dependent changes in the low‐frequency spectrum of solvated alcohol chains can be correlated with changes of heat capacity, entropy, and free energy upon solvation. Surprisingly, not the tetrahedrally ordered component but the interstitial hydration water is found to be mainly responsible for the temperature‐dependent change in ΔCp and ΔG. The solute‐specific offset in free energy is attributed to void formation and scales linearly with the chain length.
Instant Hydrogelation Inspired by Inflammasomes
Authors: Wang Huaimin , Feng Zhaoqianqi , Lu Alvin , Jiang Yujie , Wu Hao , Xu Bing 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBased on the recent near‐atomic structures of the PYRIN domain of ASC in the protein filament of inflammasomes and the observation that the active form of vitamin B6 (pyridoxal phosphate, P5P) modulates the self‐assembly of ASC, we rationally designed an N‐terminal capped nonapeptide (Nap‐FFKKFKLKL, 1) to form supramolecular nanofibers consisting of α‐helix. The addition of P5P to the solution of 1 results in a hydrogel almost instantly (about 4 seconds). Several other endogenous small molecules (for example, pyridoxal, folinic acid, ATP, and AMP) also convert the solution of 1 into a hydrogel. As the demonstration of correlating assemblies of peptides and the relevant protein epitopes, this work illustrates a bioinspired approach to develop supramolecular structures modulated by endogenous small molecules.
Crystalline Hollow Microrods for Site‐Selective Enhancement of Nonlinear Photoluminescence
Authors: Chen Bing , Kong Wei , Liu Yong , Lu Yunhao , Li Mingyu , Qiao Xvsheng , Fan Xianping , Wang Feng 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA class of one‐dimensional hollow microstructure is described, which was formed by a kinetically controlled crystal growth process. A hexagonal‐phase NaYbF4 microrod comprising isolated holes along the longitudinal axis was synthesized by a one‐pot hydrothermal method with the assistance of citrate ligands. The structural void feature modulates light intensity across the microrods as a result of interference arising from light scattering and reflection by the inner walls. A single crystal comprising a structural void was doped with upconverting lanthanide ions. Upon near‐infrared excitation of the doped crystal spatially resolvable optical codes were produced.
Total Synthesis of Echinoside A, a Representative Triterpene Glycoside of Sea Cucumbers
Authors: Chen Xiaoping , Shao Xiaofei , Li Wei , Zhang Xiaheng , Yu Biao 
Published: May 2017

AbstractEchinoside A, a sulfonylated holostane tetrasaccharide with potent anticancer and antifungal activity, was synthesized in a longest linear sequence of 35 steps and 0.6 % overall yield. The synthetic approach is adaptable to the synthesis of congeners and analogues, as exemplified by the ready synthesis of ds‐echinoside A and echinoside B, and thus will facilitate in‐depth studies on the promising biological effects of echinoside A. Moreover, the present synthesis demonstrates the feasibility of synthetic access to the characteristic complex triterpene glycosides that occur ubiquitously in sea cucumbers.
Synthesis of Fe3O4@SiO2@DOPisatin‐Ni(II) and Cu(II) nanoparticles: Highly efficient catalyst for the synthesis of sulfoxides and disulfides
Authors: Hajjami Maryam , Sharifirad Fatemeh , Gholamian Fatemeh 
Published: May 2017

The catalytic activity of two magnetic catalysts Fe3O4@SiO2@DOPisatin‐M(II) (M = Ni, Cu) was investigated in the environmentally green H2O2 oxidant‐based oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides and oxidative coupling of thiols to disulfides. By using these catalysts, various substrates were successfully converted into their corresponding product. These catalysts could also be reused multiple time without significant loss of activity. The physical and chemical properties of the catalysts were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS).
Embedded silver‐nanowire electrode in an acrylic polymer–silicate nanoparticle composite for highly robust flexible devices
Authors: Hwang Byungil , Kim Minha , Cho Sung Min , Becker Stefan , Kim Yong‐Hoon , Kim Hyoungsub 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTIn this study, we explored Ag‐nanowire electrodes embedded on the surface of an elastic acrylic polymer–silicate nanoparticle composite resin (iGloss) for mechanically robust flexible electronic devices. Nanoindentation analysis indicated that the iGloss film was suitable for flexible electronic applications, having modulus and hardness values similar to those of a conventional poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate. In situ resistance monitoring for up to 3000 bending cycles revealed that the Ag‐nanowire–iGloss electrode was highly flexible without showing an increase in the resistance. In addition, while a PET substrate carrying Ag nanowires exhibited significantly degraded optical properties with an increase in scratch damage, the Ag‐nanowire–iGloss electrode exhibited superior wear resistance, even when it was subjected to a severe mechanical scratch test. Finally, as a possible application, we demonstrated a flexible, organic, light‐emitting diode with an Ag‐nanowire–iGloss electrode as both the anode and the substrate. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45203.
Performance of white light emitting diodes prepared by casting wavelength‐converting polymer on InGaN devices
Authors: Chang Chi‐Jung , Leong Yun‐Yi , Lai Chun‐Feng , Chiou Wei‐Yung , Su Min‐Ju , Chang Shinn‐Jen 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTUV‐curable siloxane oligomers prepared by a hydrosilylation reaction were used as encapsulant. Two fluorescent copolymers with emission covering the range of green and red light were synthesized and blended with the UV‐curable siloxane oligomers and photoinitiator to make the wavelength‐converting polymer (WCP). WCP was casted on blue light emitting InGaN diodes and UV cured to fabricate white light emitting diodes (WLEDs). Effects of monomer compositions on the fluidity of uncured oligomer, together with the optical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the cured polysiloxane were studied. We also investigated the influence of red fluorescent polymer which was comprised of repeating units of dioctylfluorene, bisthienyl‐benzothiadiazole, and benzothiadiazole segments on the color rendering index, correlated color temperature, and luminous efficacy of WLED. Because of the good match between the absorption and emission features of the segments in the fluorescent copolymers, white LEDs can be produced by fluorescent copolymer blends which can support incomplete energy transfer. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45210.
NLFXLMS and THF‐NLFXLMS Algorithms for Wiener‐Hammerstein Nonlinear Active Noise Control
Authors: Srazhidinov Radik , Kamil Raja , Mohd Noor Samsul Bahari 
Published: May 2017

AbstractNonlinear Filtered‐X LMS (NLFXLMS) is an indirect adaptive control algorithm for nonlinear active noise control (NANC) system. The algorithm has been developed for both Hammerstein and Wiener secondary paths where the nonlinearity is represented by scaled error function (SEF) and tangential hyperbolic function (THF). NLFXLMS algorithm is limited in practical application because the degree of nonlinearity has to be known in advance. This limitation leads to the development of the THF‐NLFXLMS algorithm where the degree of nonlinearity is estimated by modelling the secondary path. In this work, the NLFXLMS and THF‐NLFXLMS are extended to Wiener‐Hammerstein system. The performance of the proposed Wiener‐Hammerstein THF‐NLFXLMS is compared with NLFXLMS algorithm which is considered as the benchmark and second order Volterra algorithm of comparable computational complexity. Simulation results show that the THF‐NLFXLMS has a similar performance to NLFXLMS and outperforms the second order Volterra algorithm as the system becomes more nonlinear.
Fuzzy Sliding‐mode Strategy for Air–fuel Ratio Control of Lean‐burn Spark Ignition Engines
Authors: Wu Hsiu‐Ming , Tafreshi Reza 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMinimization of emissions of carbon dioxide and harmful pollutants and maximization of fuel economy for lean‐burn spark ignition (SI) engines relies to a large extent on precise air–fuel ratio (AFR) control. However, the main challenge of AFR control is the large time‐varying delay in lean‐burn engines. Since the system is usually subject to external disturbances and uncertainties, a high level of robustness in AFR control design must be considered. We propose a fuzzy sliding‐mode control (FSMC) to track the desired AFR in the presence of periodic disturbances. The proposed method is model free and does not need any system characteristics. Based on the fuzzy system input–output data, two scaling factors are first employed to normalize the sliding surface and its derivative. According to the concept of the if‐then rule, an appropriate rule table for the logic system is designed. Then, based on Lyapunov stability criteria, the output scaling factor is determined such that the closed‐loop stability of the internal dynamics with uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB) performance is guaranteed. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control scheme are evaluated under various operating conditions. The baseline controllers, namely, a PI controller with Smith predictor and sliding‐mode controller, are also used to compare with the proposed FSMC. It is shown that the proposed FSMC has superior regulation performance compared to the baseline controllers.
Transgenic SCs expressing GDNF‐IRES‐DsRed impair nerve regeneration within acellular nerve allografts
Authors: Ee Xueping , Yan Ying , Hunter Daniel A. , Schellhardt Lauren , Sakiyama‐Elbert Shelly E. , Mackinnon Susan E. , Wood Matthew D. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTProviding temporally regulated glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) to injured nerve can promote robust axon regeneration. However, it is poorly understood why providing highly elevated levels of GDNF to nerve can lead to axon entrapment in the zone containing elevated GDNF. This limited understanding represents an obstacle to the translation of GDNF therapies to treat nerve injuries clinically. Here, we investigated how transgenic Schwann cells (SCs) overexpressing GDNF‐IRES‐DsRed impact nerve regeneration. Cultured primary SCs were transduced with lentiviruses (GDNF‐overexpressing transgenic SCs), one of which provides the capability to express high levels of GDNF and regulate temporal GDNF expression. These SC groups were transplanted into acellular nerve allografts (ANAs) bridging a 14 mm rat sciatic nerve defect. GDNF‐overexpressing transgenic SCs expressing GDNF for as little as 1 week decreased axon regeneration across ANAs and caused extensive extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. To determine whether additional gene expression changes beyond GDNF transgene expression occurred in GDNF‐overexpressing transgenic SCs, microarray analysis of GDNF‐overexpressing transgenic SCs compared to untreated SCs was performed. Microarray analysis revealed a set of common genes regulated in transgenic SC groups expressing high levels of GDNF compared to untreated SCs. A co‐culture model of GDNF‐overexpressing transgenic SCs with fibroblasts (FBs) revealed differential FB ECM‐related gene expression compared to untreated SCs. These data suggest a component of axon entrapment is independent of GDNF's impact on axons. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 2121–2130. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rest and exercise hemodynamic and metabolic findings in active duty soldiers referred for cardiac catheterization to exclude heart disease: Insights from past invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing using multisensor high fidelity catheters
Authors: Watts James A. , Kelly Faith R. , Bauch Terry D. , Murgo Joseph P. , Rubal Bernard. J. 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveThis study describes results of iCPET from the past, which used submaximal stress and multisensor high‐fidelity catheters to exclude heart disease in a unique population of young adults.BackgroundThere has been resurgence in comprehensive hemodynamic evaluation of complex cardiovascular patients. Although dynamic assessments during cardiac catheterization have become commonplace, there remains limited information regarding left and right heart hemodynamic changes during supine exercise in young adults.MethodsThe study population was derived from a retrospective review of catheterization records at Brooke Army Medical Center for active duty patients (ages: 19–40 years) in whom hemodynamic waveforms were obtained with multisensor high‐fidelity catheters and supine exercise testing (53.1 ± 12.6 watts) and angiography performed to exclude heart disease. We report findings from 41 males and 1 female (ages: 19–40 years) found free of heart disease.ResultsSubmaximal exercise was associated with ≈ fourfold (P < 0.001) increase in minute ventilation (VE), O2 consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2). VE/VCO2 ratio decreased (−16.8 ± 13.9%, P < 0.001) and VE/VCO2 slope was 22.6 ± 0.6 (±SE). Cardiac index (CI) increased with VO2 (ΔCI/ΔVO2 slope = 7.6 ± 2.2). Heart rate increased nearly 10 bpm per 100 mL O2/min/M2, whereas, changes in stroke volume were more variable. Pulmonary artery (PA) saturations fell from 77 to 55% (P < 0.001). No change was noted in mean right atrial pressures; PA pressures increased ≈10 mm Hg (P < 0.001). Pulmonary capillary wedge and left ventricular end‐diastolic pressures increased ≈2 mm Hg (P < 0.001) but variability noted between individuals.ConclusionThis study provides insight into past practices of invasive cardiopulmonary testing and furthers the understanding of metabolic and hemodynamic changes in a young population during supine submaximal exercise. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of long‐term mortality according to obesity in patients with successful percutaneous chronic total occlusion interventions using drug‐eluting stents
Authors: Won Ki‐Bum , Yoon Hyuck‐Jun , Lee Sang‐Gon , Cho Yun‐Kyeong , Nam Chang‐Wook , Hur Seung‐Ho , Lee Seung‐Whan , Lee Pil‐Hyung , Ahn Jung‐Min , Park Duk‐Woo , Kang Soo‐Jin , Kim Young‐Hak , Lee Cheol‐Whan , Park Seong‐Wook , Park Seung‐Jung 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveTo evaluate the long‐term mortality according to obesity in patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO) lesions after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).BackgroundDespite the potential impact of coronary revascularization and lesion severity on the obesity paradox, the long‐term survival according to obesity in CTO patients after successful PCI has been unknown.Methods and resultsBetween January 2003 and September 2014, we examined 1,172 consecutive Korean patients with 1,190 CTO lesions who underwent successful drug‐eluting stent (DES) implantation in two tertiary academic medical centers. The primary and secondary endpoints were all‐cause and cardiac death, respectively. Obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥25.0 kg/m2, based on the criteria for Asians. The median follow‐up time was 4.4 years. The prevalence of obesity was 54.4%. During the follow‐up periods, the occurrence of all‐cause (6.1 vs. 10.7%) and cardiac death (3.8 vs. 6.7%) was lower in obese patients than in non‐obese patients (P <0.05, respectively). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that obese patients had lower cumulative rates of all‐cause and cardiac death than did non‐obese patients (log‐rank P <0.05, respectively). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that age ≥65 years (hazard ratio [HR], 3.62), diabetes mellitus (HR, 1.94), renal dysfunction (HR, 7.03), systolic heart failure (HR, 2.61), and obesity (HR, 0.58) were associated with all‐cause death (P <0.05). Multivariate Cox regression models showed that high BMI was independently associated with the decreased risk of all‐cause death.ConclusionsObese patients appear to have a lower long‐term mortality than do non‐obese patients in CTO after successful PCI using DES. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stable Performance of Aluminum‐Metal Battery by Incorporating Lithium‐Ion Chemistry
Authors: Yoo Dong‐Joo , Kim Joo‐Seong , Shin Jaeho , Kim Ki Jae , Choi Jang Wook 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBased on the recent discovery of the ionic liquid involving the AlCl4−‐Al2Cl7− redox couple as an electrolyte, aluminum (Al) rechargeable batteries have received revamped interest. However, the corrosive nature of the chloride ion and Al2Cl7− makes it challenging to find suitable current collectors and cathode materials. Here, we screen various metals and carbon materials as current collectors, and indeed find that none of the metals commonly used for battery current collectors is stable against corrosion from the electrolyte. Only pyrolytic graphite is stable, but exhibits undesired AlCl4− intercalation at 1.7 V vs. Al/Al3+. The addition of lithium chloride (LiCl) salt to the electrolyte not only eliminates AlCl4− intercalation through Li−AlCl4− coordination, but also extends the stable voltage window to 2.3 V vs. Al/Al3+. Moreover, the incorporation of Li ions allows us to engage the established LiFePO4 olivine cathode in Li‐ion batteries. This Al−Li hybrid cell exhibits an operation voltage of 1.3 V with robust cyclability (83.4 % retention after 400 cycles) and minimal self‐discharge. This series of results suggest that proper employment of Li‐ion chemistry can improve the electrochemical performance and safety of Al rechargeable batteries.
Tuning the Sensitivity of Fluorescent Porphyrin Dimers to Viscosity and Temperature
Authors: Vyšniauskas Aurimas , Ding Dong , Qurashi Maryam , Boczarow Igor , Balaz Milan , Anderson Harry L. , Kuimova Marina K. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractConjugated porphyrin dimers have emerged as versatile viscosity‐sensitive fluorophores that are suitable for quantitative measurements of microscopic viscosity by ratiometric and fluorescence lifetime‐based methods, in a concentration‐independent manner. Here, we investigate the effect of extended conjugation in a porphyrin‐dimer structure on their ability to sense viscosity and temperature. We show that the sensitivity of the fluorescence lifetime to temperature is a unique property of only a few porphyrin dimers.