bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exposure to online hate material and subjective well-being
Authors: Keipi Teo , Räsänen Pekka , Oksanen Atte , Hawdon James , Näsi Matti 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between subjective well-being (SWB) and exposure to online hate material using samples of Finnish and American youth and young adults. The authors aim to identify socio-demographic determinants of SWB and the social ties prevalent both online and offline that may be relevant to the discussion of how hate material associates with well-being.

Design/methodology/approach
The data are derived from online survey responses from both Finnish (n=555) and American (n=1,014) young people aged 15-30. The authors control for the possible effects of social trust, offline friendships, online victimisation and economic status, which have been found to associate with SWB in earlier studies.

Findings
The findings show a clear association that highlights the uniformity in how negatively intended material online affects young people, despite the inclusion of a cross-national comparison. The study confirms previous work concerning happiness and life satisfaction.

Research limitations/implications
The survey used was not designed solely to address issues of SWB and as such a more targeted set of questions may have resulted in more in-depth data. Also, structural determinants of SWB, social spheres, and tie strength were analysed through proxy measures.

Practical implications
The findings concerning new variables linked to well-being and victimization in the cross-national context provide a new point of reference in terms of online hate being associated with happiness.

Originality/value
The authors consider a number of descriptive characteristics, determining the relationship between these variables and participants’ happiness. Through this cross-national data set, new comparisons were made possible between internet users of both countries. The study combines many earlier findings with new variables and theoretical frameworks to add new perspectives to the understanding of how well-being is affected online among young people.
Pathological integration, or, how East Europeans use racism to become British
Authors: Fox Jon E. , Mogilnicka Magda 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEast Europeans are integrating into life in the UK. This entails learning to get along with their new neighbours, but it also involves not getting along with certain neighbours. Integration is not confined to benevolent forms of everyday cosmopolitanism, multiculturalism and conviviality; it can also include more pathological forms, like racism. Whilst integration is generally seen as desirable, the learning that it entails necessarily includes less desirable practices and norms. The aim of this article is to show how East Europeans in the UK have been acquiring specifically British competencies of racism. This doesn't mean all East Europeans are racist or they always use racism; it does mean, however, that racism is a part of the integration equation. We focus on the racist and racializing practices of Poles, Hungarians and Romanians in Bristol in the UK. These East Europeans are using racism to insert themselves more favourably into Britain's racialized status hierarchies. This is a kind of integration.
Immunoglobulin free light chains in saliva: a potential marker for disease activity in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Kaplan B , Golderman S , Ganelin-Cohen E , Miniovitch A , Korf E , Ben-Zvi I , Livneh A , Flechter S 
Published: November 2017

Summary
A new procedure was developed and applied to study immunoglobulin free light chains (FLC) in saliva of healthy subjects and patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The procedure was based on a Western blot analysis for detection and semiquantitative evaluation of monomeric and dimeric FLCs. The FLC indices accounting for the total FLC levels and for the monomer/dimer ratios of κ and λ FLC were calculated, and the cut-off values of the FLC indices were determined to distinguish healthy state from MS disease. The obtained FLC index values were statistically different in the saliva of three groups: active MS patients, MS patients in remission and healthy subjects groups. Our FLC monomer–dimer analysis allowed differentiation between healthy state and active MS with specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 88·5%. The developed technique may serve as a new non-invasive complementary tool to evaluate the disease state by differentiating active MS from remission with sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 80%.
Factors associated with adoption of coping strategies among Chinese patients with heart failure in ethnic minority regions
Authors: Rong Xiaoshan , Peng Youqing , Yu Haiping , Li Dan 
Published: November 2017

Aims and objectivesTo examine the coping strategies in patients with heart failure (HF) in the ethnic minority regions of China and to explore the factors affecting the adoption of coping strategies.BackgroundEffective coping with illness is an important element that influences the adaptation and increases the patient quality of life. Although different factors have been proposed to be determinants of coping strategy, findings are inconclusive, especially when it comes to the cultural background.DesignA cross‐sectional study was performed.MethodsA total of 360 HF patients in four districts of Xinjiang were enrolled. All participants completed the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire, the Minnesota Living with HF Questionnaire and self‐management Questionnaire.ResultsHeart failure patients had lower scores in confrontation and higher scores in avoidance and acceptance resignation than patients in the Chinese norm. The multiple regression analysis revealed several factors that indicate confrontation coping including symptom management, employment status and psychological and social management, whereas religion (R2), disease duration, employment status and payment system (P2) were identified as indicators of avoidance coping. In addition, ethnicity (E1), disease duration and employment status were indicators of acceptance resignation coping.ConclusionsOur findings from this study suggest that HF patients in the ethnic minority regions may use less confrontation coping and more avoidance and acceptance resignation coping than patients in the Chinese norm. Moreover, the cultural background, duration of disease, quality of life and self‐management play important roles in the selection of HF coping strategy.Relevance to clinical practiceThe disparities of racial/ethnic exist in coping strategy. Healthcare providers are required to better understand the role of religion in the coping process and how it contributes to the selection of coping strategies.
Caught between a rock and a hard place: An intrinsic single case study of nurse researchers’ experiences of the presence of a nursing research culture in clinical practice
Authors: Berthelsen Connie Bøttcher , Hølge‐Hazelton Bibi 
Published: November 2017

Aims and objectivesTo explore how nurse researchers in clinical positions experience the presence of a nursing research culture in clinical practice.BackgroundHigher demands in the hospitals for increasing the quality of patient care engender a higher demand for the skills of health professionals and evidence‐based practice. However, the utilisation of nursing research in clinical practice is still limited.DesignIntrinsic single case study design underlined by a constructivist perspective.MethodsData were produced through a focus group interview with seven nurse researchers employed in clinical practice in two university hospitals in Zealand, Denmark, to capture the intrinsic aspects of the concept of nursing research culture in the context of clinical practice. A thematic analysis was conducted based on Braun and Clarke's theoretical guideline.Results“Caught between a rock and a hard place” was constructed as the main theme describing how nurse researchers in clinical positions experience the presence of a nursing research culture in clinical practice. The main theme was supported by three subthemes: Minimal academic tradition affects nursing research; Minimal recognition from physicians affects nursing research; and Moving towards a research culture.ConclusionsThe nurse researchers in this study did not experience the presence of a nursing research culture in clinical practice, however; they called for more attention on removing barriers against research utilisation, promotion of applied research and interdisciplinary research collaboration, and passionate management support.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results of this case study show the pressure which nurse researchers employed in clinical practice are exposed to, and give examples on how to accommodate the further development of a nursing research culture in clinical practice.
Proteasome‐independent functions of lysine‐63 polyubiquitination in plants
Authors: Romero‐Barrios Natali , Vert Grégory 
Published: November 2017

Contents

Summary
995

I.
Introduction
995

II.
The plant Ub machinery
996

III.
From Ub to Ub linkage types in plants
997

IV.
Increasing analytical resolution for K63 polyUb in plants
998

V.
How to build K63 polyUb chains?
998

VI.
Cellular roles of K63 polyUb in plants
999

VII.
Physiological roles of K63 polyUb in plants
1004

VIII.
Future perspectives: towards the next level of the Ub code
1006

Acknowledgements
1006

References
1007

SummaryUbiquitination is a post‐translational modification essential for the regulation of eukaryotic proteins, having an impact on protein fate, function, localization or activity. What originally appeared to be a simple system to regulate protein turnover by the 26S proteasome is now known to be the most intricate regulatory process cells have evolved. Ubiquitin can be arranged in countless chain assemblies, triggering various cellular outcomes. Polyubiquitin chains using lysine‐63 from ubiquitin represent the second most abundant type of ubiquitin modification. Recent studies have exposed their common function in proteasome‐independent functions in non‐plant model organisms. The existence of lysine‐63 polyubiquitination in plants is, however, only just emerging. In this review, we discuss the recent advances on the characterization of ubiquitin chains and the molecular mechanisms driving the formation of lysine‐63‐linked ubiquitin modifications. We provide an overview of the roles associated with lysine‐63 polyubiquitination in plant cells in the light of what is known in non‐plant models. Finally, we review the crucial roles of lysine‐63 polyubiquitin‐dependent processes in plant growth, development and responses to environmental conditions.
The plant hormone salicylic acid interacts with the mechanism of anti‐herbivory conferred by fungal endophytes in grasses
Authors: Bastías Daniel A. , Alejandra Martínez‐Ghersa M. , Newman Jonathan A. , Card Stuart D. , Mace Wade J. , Gundel Pedro E. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe plant hormone salicylic acid (SA) is recognized as an effective defence against biotrophic pathogens, but its role as regulator of beneficial plant symbionts has received little attention. We studied the relationship between the SA hormone and leaf fungal endophytes on herbivore defences in symbiotic grasses. We hypothesize that the SA exposure suppresses the endophyte reducing the fungal‐produced alkaloids. Because of the role that alkaloids play in anti‐herbivore defences, any reduction in their production should make host plants more susceptible to herbivores. Lolium multiflorum plants symbiotic and nonsymbiotic with the endophyte Epichloë occultans were exposed to SA followed by a challenge with the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi. We measured the level of plant resistance to aphids, and the defences conferred by endophytes and host plants. Symbiotic plants had lower concentrations of SA than did the nonsymbiotic counterparts. Consistent with our prediction, the hormonal treatment reduced the concentration of loline alkaloids (i.e., N‐formyllolines and N‐acetylnorlolines) and consequently decreased the endophyte‐conferred resistance against aphids. Our study highlights the importance of the interaction between the plant immune system and endophytes for the stability of the defensive mutualism. Our results indicate that the SA plays a critical role in regulating the endophyte‐conferred resistance against herbivores.
‘If You Lose Your Youth, You Lose Your Heart and Your Future’: Affective Figures of Youth in Community Tensions Surrounding a Proposed Coal Seam Gas Project
Authors: Coffey Julia , Threadgold Steven , Farrugia David , Sherval Meg , Hanley Jo , Askew Michael , Askland Hedda 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe article discusses the tensions regarding the challenge to balance agriculture with a proposed coal seam gas mine in Narrabri, a regional centre in New South Wales, Australia, which revolved around notions of youth and ‘the future’. ‘Youth’ as a symbolic category were positioned at the heart of the issues associated with land‐use in the region on both sides of the debate. Young people were described throughout the study as an abstract symbol of ‘the future’. How exactly ‘the future’ was related to youth as a symbolic category depended largely on participants’ perspectives on the proposed Coal Seam Gas (CSG) mining project. For those who supported the CSG project, the figure of youth signified hope of economic invigoration. For those who opposed the CSG project, the loss of landscape for future generations of youth was a key concern due the potential irreversible environmental impacts associated with the extractive industry in the area. We argue ‘youth’ becomes a ‘figure’ imbued with the region's affective anxieties surrounding land‐use change. The concept of affect is developed to aid understanding of the collective and embodied dynamics at play in the differing perspectives on CSG extraction and its impact for the future of Narrabri.
Dark Current in the SAPHIRA Series of APD Arrays
Authors: Atkinson Dani E. , Hall Donald N. B. , Jacobson Shane M. , Baker Ian M. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We present the dark current performance of the SAPHIRA series of HgCdTe APD arrays, characterized as a function of bias voltage and temperature. We measure a gain-normalized dark current in multiple SAPHIRA arrays of

from unity gain (

) up to an avalanche gain of ∼5 (

). Under a restricted subarray and long exposures, we set an implied upper limit on intrinsic dark current in the SAPHIRA of

. These values are still dominated by glow, NIR illumination generated by the readout integrated circuit.
Dynamical Characterization of Galaxies at z ∼ 4–6 via Tilted Ring Fitting to ALMA [C ii] Observations
Authors: Jones G. C. , Carilli C. L. , Shao Y. , Wang R. , Capak P. L. , Pavesi R. , Riechers D. A. , Karim A. , Neeleman M. , Walter F. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Until recently, determining the rotational properties of galaxies in the early universe (

, universe age

Gyr) was impractical, with the exception of a few strongly lensed systems. Combining the high resolution and sensitivity of ALMA at (sub-)millimeter wavelengths with the typically high strength of the [C ii] 158 μm emission line from galaxies and long-developed dynamical modeling tools raises the possibility of characterizing the gas dynamics in both extreme starburst galaxies and normal star-forming disk galaxies at

. Using a procedure centered around GIPSY’s rotcur task, we have fit tilted ring models to some of the best available ALMA [C ii] data of a small set of galaxies: the MS galaxies HZ9 and HZ10, the damped Lyα absorber host galaxy ALMA J0817+1351, the submm galaxies AzTEC/C159 and COSMOS J1000+0234, and the quasar host galaxy ULAS J1319+0950. This procedure directly derives rotation curves and dynamical masses as functions of radius for each object. In one case, we present evidence for a dark matter halo of

. We present an analysis of the possible velocity dispersions of two sources based on matching simulated observations to the integrated [C ii] line profiles. Finally, we test the effects of observation resolution and sensitivity on our results. While the conclusions remain limited at the resolution and signal-to-noise ratios of these observations, the results demonstrate the viability of the modeling tools at high redshift, and the exciting potential for detailed dynamical analysis of the earliest galaxies, as ALMA achieves full observational capabilities.
Exploration of Chemical Space Through Automated Reasoning
Authors: Clymo Judith , Collins Christopher M. , Atkinson Katie , Dyer Matthew S. , Gaultois Michael W. , Gusev Vladimir V. , Rosseinsky Matthew J. , Schewe Sven 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe vast size of composition space poses a significant challenge for materials chemistry: exhaustive enumeration of potentially interesting compositions is typically infeasible, hindering assessment of important criteria ranging from novelty and stability to cost and performance. We report a tool, Comgen, for the efficient exploration of composition space, which makes use of logical methods from computer science used for proving theorems. We demonstrate how these techniques, which have not previously been applied to materials discovery, can enable reasoning about scientific domain knowledge provided by human experts. Comgen accepts a variety of user‐specified criteria, converts these into an abstract form, and utilises a powerful automated reasoning algorithm to identify compositions that satisfy these user requirements, or prove that the requirements cannot be simultaneously satisfied. In contrast to machine learning techniques, explicitly reasoning about domain knowledge, rather than making inferences from data, ensures that Comgen's outputs are fully interpretable and provably correct. Users interact with Comgen through a high‐level Python interface. We illustrate use of the tool with several case studies focused on the search for new ionic conductors. Further, we demonstrate the integration of Comgen into an end‐to‐end automated workflow to propose and evaluate candidate compositions quantitatively, prior to experimental investigation. This highlights the potential of automated formal reasoning in materials chemistry.
Synthesis, Characterization, DFT Calculations, and Pharmacological Activity of Azo Dye Ligand and Its Cu(II) Complex Comprising Nitrogen and Oxygen Donor Atoms
Authors: Mousa Ibtisam , Madkhali Marwah M. M. , Siddiq Hind Ahmed , Alaghaz Abdel‐Nasser M. A. , Rezk Ghada N. , El‐Bindary Ashraf A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCoupling the diazonium salt of sulfadiazine with dibenzoylmethane afforded the 4‐(2‐(1,3‐dioxo‐1,3‐diphenylpropan‐2‐ylidene)hydrazinyl)‐N‐(pyrimidin‐2‐yl)benzene sulfonamide ligand (HL). The ligand (HL) and its Cu(II) complex structure have been investigated via magnetic attraction testing, TGA, FTIR, UV–visible, XRD, and CHN analyses. The spectrum data indicate that the ligand demonstrates monobasic bidentate behavior via deprotonating opposite the oxygen atom of the carbonyl (CO) group and linking using the NH of the hydrazone group (NNH). Copper (II) complex present in octahedral structure. A number of TGA steps (Ea, A, ΔH*, ΔS*, and ΔG*) had their dynamical characteristics computed and described using the Coats–Redfern and Horowitz–Metzger formulas. Molecular studio programmer was utilized to perform density functional theory (DFT) calculations in order to investigate the ideal configuration of HL and its Cu(II) complex. The HL and its copper (II) complex exhibited antitumor effects against MCF‐7 and HepG‐2 cell lines. Furthermore, the width of the inhibition zone was employed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial effect of HL and a specific complex towards Gram‐negative organisms Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram‐positive organisms Staphylococcus aureus. The ligand and its Cu(II) complex were examined using both the viscosity and spectrum of absorption of calf thymus DNA binding experiments.
Evaluation of Extended Decision Outcomes
Authors: Gärling Tommy 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTSome decision outcomes consist of sequences of single experiences. The aim is to propose a conceptualization of how such sequences are evaluated if affective evaluations of single experiences evoke transient emotional responses with lasting changes in current mood. The conceptualization implies three modes in which the sequences of single experiences are evaluated: (i) Aggregation of affective evaluations of the single experiences retrieved from memory; (ii) Aggregation of current moods associated with emotional responses to the single experiences retrieved or reconstructed from memory; and (iii) Updating of current mood. Simulations of parametrized models are used to compare the different evaluation modes to each other and to show to which extent the simulation results are consistent with some common findings in previous research. The previous research has primarily investigated different rules for aggregation of affective evaluations of single experiences. The simulation results motivate research comparing this mode to the other proposed modes.
18F‐Fluoro‐2‐Deoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Measures of Spatial Heterogeneity for Predicting Platinum Resistance of High‐Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Zhang Xin , Lin Yuhe , He Dianning , Sun Mingli , Xu Lanlan , Chang Zhihui , Liu Zhaoyu , Li Beibei 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe purpose of this study is to construct models for predicting platinum resistance in high‐grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) derived from quantitative spatial heterogeneity indicators obtained from 18F‐FDG PET/CT images.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on patients diagnosed with HGSOC. Quantitative indicators of spatial heterogeneity were generated using conventional features and Haralick texture features from both CT and PET images. Three groups of predictive models (conventional, heterogeneity, and integrated) were built. Each group's optimal model was the one with the highest area under curve (AUC). Postoperative immunohistochemical staining for Ki‐67 and p53 was conducted. The correlation between the heterogeneity indicators and scores for Ki‐67 and p53 was assessed by Spearman's correlation coefficient (ρ).ResultsA total of 286 patients (54.6 ± 9.3 years) were enrolled. And 107 spatial heterogeneity indicators were extracted. The optimal models for each group were obtained using the Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) algorithm. There was an AUC of 0.790 (95% CI: 0.696, 0.885) in the conventional model for the validation set, and an AUC of 0.904 (95% CI: 0.842, 0.966) in the heterogeneity model for the validation set. The integrated model achieved the highest predictive performance, with an AUC value of 0.928 (95% CI: 0.872, 0.984) for the validation set. Spearman's correlation showed that HU_Kurtosis had the strongest correlation with p53 scores with ρ = 0.718, while cluster site entropy had the strongest correlation with Ki‐67 scores with ρ = 0.753.ConclusionsAdding quantitative spatial heterogeneity indicators derived from PET/CT images can improve the prediction of platinum resistance in patients with HGSOC. Spatial heterogeneity indicators were related to Ki‐67 and p53 scores.
Raman Measurements in the Hydroformylation of Decene with Laser Powers of 1 mW in Ex Zones
Authors: Spoor Erik , Manser Steffen , Mandal Oliver , Bruch Melanie , Nagler Franz‐Josef , Duch Karsten , Illner Markus , Repke Jens‐Uwe , Rädle Matthias 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA custom‐made Raman setup is improved and adjusted to allow its use in Ex zones by using a 1‐mW laser and no optical focusing elements. The application under consideration is the hydroformylation of decene to undecanal, which must take place under explosion protection. To investigate the dispersive mixture, a separation takes place in a phase separation cell in which the Raman probe performs measurements. It can be shown that, with the use of highly sensitive detectors, even very low excitation powers can lead to a processable signal, and thus the application of Raman measurement technology far below the requirements of explosion protection is possible.