bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Need for More Aggressive Therapy for Men with Gleason 9-10 Disease Compared to Gleason ≤8 High-Risk Prostate Cancer
Authors: Safdieh Joseph J. , Schwartz David , Weiner Joseph P. , Nwokedi Emmanuel , Schreiber David 
Published: February 2016

Purpose To evaluate the outcomes of prostate cancer patients with high-risk disease stratified by Gleason Score (GS) (GS ≤8 vs GS ≥9) treated with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). Methods The medical records of patients who underwent EBRT between 2003 and 2011 and had nonmetastatic high-risk disease were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were treated with EBRT and all patients received a dose ≥7,560 cGy. Androgen deprivation therapy was given in most patients (90%). Results A total of 155 patients were identified (GS ≤8 n = 104, GS ≥9 n = 51), and they had a median presenting prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of 14.7 ng/mL. At a median follow-up of 69 months, the 7-year biochemical failure-free survival was 59.1% in those with GS ≥9 and 69.2% in those with GS ≤8 (p = 0.12). On MVA, Gleason 9-10 (HR 1.83, p = 0.08) was not associated with an increased risk of biochemical recurrence, while a PSA >20 ng/mL (HR 2.39, p = 0.04) was associated with an increased likelihood of biochemical recurrence. Patients with GS ≥9 were noted to have worse 7-year distant metastatic-free survival (79.6% vs 90.5% p = 0.02) and cancer-specific survival (88.5% vs 97.9%, p = 0.006). On MVA, GS ≥9 was a significant indicator of distant metastatic failure and cancer-related death. Seven-year overall survival rates remained similar between the groups. Conclusions In this high-risk cohort, patients with GS 9-10 had significantly worse prostate cancer-related outcomes than other high-risk patients, suggesting that this group may warrant more aggressive treatment modalities than their high-risk counterparts.
The Role of Radiotherapy in Local Control of Nonextremity Ewing Sarcomas
Authors: Akagunduz Ozlem O. , Kamer Serra A. , Kececi Burcin , Demirag Bengu , Oniz Haldun , Kantar Mehmet , Cetingul Nazan , Sabah Dundar , Anacak Yavuz 
Published: February 2016

Purpose To evaluate the results of radiotherapy and the prognostic factors affecting local control in nonextremity Ewing sarcomas. Methods Between 1995 and 2011, 44 patients with nonextremity Ewing sarcomas were treated with radiotherapy. Tumor localizations were pelvis in 23, spine in 13, thoracic region in 5, and cranium in 3 patients. Tumor size was ≥8 cm in 56.8% of patients. Distant metastases were present in 19 of the patients at the time of diagnosis (43.1%). All patients were treated with 12 weeks of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery and radiotherapy (45-54 Gy) or radiotherapy alone (54-64.8 Gy). Radiotherapy was applied due to microscopic residue (R1) in 5 patients after the operation and macroscopic tumor in 39 patients (macroscopic residue [R2] and nonresectable tumor). Results Median follow-up was 49 months (range 9-195). Local failures developed in 7 patients (15.9%) and local control at 5 years was 81.4%. Local recurrence was detected in 6 patients (6/38) who did not have residual tumor after RT. Progression was detected in 1 patient (1/6) who had residual tumor. All those patients with local failure experienced further distant metastases. Possible prognostic factors such as age (≤17 vs >17), tumor localization, tumor volume (≤8 cm vs >8 cm), and M status at diagnosis (0 vs 1) were not related to local control. Conclusions Radiotherapy, either alone or adjuvant to surgery, provides local control in 80% of nonextremity Ewing sarcomas and plays an important role in treatment.
Bilateral Ureteroarterial Fistula: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Melegari Sara , Paparella Stefano , Follini Matteo L. , Cappellano Francesco , Ciotti Mariano G. , Giollo Alessandro , Marzorati Giuliano , Airoldi Flavio , Losa Sergio , Verweij Fabrizio 
Published: February 2016

Ureteral arterial fistula (UAF) is an uncommon condition characterized by a direct fistulous communication between a ureter and an iliac artery resulting in bleeding into the ureter, which can be massive and life-threatening because of hemodynamic instability, as confirmed by the high mortality rate (7-23% overall). This condition is actually increasing in frequency because of its relation to predisposing factors such as vascular pathology, previous radiation therapy, previous surgery, and necessity of ureteral stenting. Diagnosis is often challenging, as in most patients, the only symptom is hematuria and the treatment may require a multidisciplinary approach, including the expertise of the urologist, vascular surgeon, and interventional radiologist. Endovascular approach offers advantages over open surgery decreasing morbidity (reduced risk of injury to adjacent structure) and shortening hospital staying. There is no consensus regarding the safety of intentional occlusion of the hypogastric artery: proximal occlusion of a hypogastric artery typically produces little or no clinical symptoms due to well-collateralized pelvic arterial networks. On the contrary, significant complications, such as colonic ischemia, spinal cord paralysis, buttock claudication, or erectile dysfunction, are well-recognized adverse events after hypogastric artery embolization, especially in bilateral cases. We describe our experience of a bilateral UAF treated with bilateral endvascular approach.
Nietzsche's Early Ethical Idealism
Authors: Church Jeffrey 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
Many recent scholars have interpreted Nietzsche as an ethical naturalist in the long tradition of Aristotle. This article challenges that interpretation by arguing that the early period Nietzsche is an ethical idealist in the tradition of Kant. I focus on the early period writings, since Nietzsche is clearest in them about the neo-Kantian influences on his thought, the meaninglessness of natural existence, his distinction between the ideal of humanity and the enslavement to our animality, and the ethical need for redemption to live a good life.
Validation of the Applied Biosystems 7500 Fast Instrument for Detection of Listeria Species with the SureTect Listeria Species PCR Assay
Authors: Cloke Jonathan , Arizanova Julia , Crabtree David , Simpson Helen , Evans Katharine , Vaahtoranta Laura , Palomäki Jukka-Pekka , Artimo Paulus , Huang Feng , Liikanen Maria , Koskela Suvi , Chen Yi 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The Thermo Scientific™ SureTect™ Listeria species Real-Time PCR Assay was certified during 2013 by the AOAC Research Institute (RI) Performance Tested MethodsSM program as a rapid method for the detection of Listeria species from a wide range of food matrixes and surface samples. A method modification study was conducted in 2015 to extend the matrix claims of the product to a wider range of food matrixes. This report details the method modification study undertaken to extend the use of this PCR kit to the Applied Biosystems™ 7500 Fast PCR Instrument and Applied Biosystems RapidFinder™ Express 2.0 software allowing use of the assay on a 96-well format PCR cycler in addition to the current workflow, using the 24-well Thermo Scientific PikoReal™ PCR Instrument and Thermo Scientific SureTect software. The method modification study presented in this report was assessed by the AOAC-RI as being a level 2 method modification study, necessitating a method developer study on a representative range of food matrixes covering raw ground turkey, 2% fat pasteurized milk, and bagged lettuce as well as stainless steel surface samples. All testing was conducted in comparison to the reference method detailed in International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 6579:2002. No significant difference by probability of detection statistical analysis was found between the SureTect Listeria species PCR Assay or the ISO reference method methods for any of the three food matrixes and the surface samples analyzed during the study.
New Methods for Robotic Perception by Using in-Air Sonar Data
Authors: Giannoccaro Nicola Ivan , Spedicato Luigi 
Published: February 2016

In recent years, the authors studied the possibility of using low frequency in-air ultrasonic sensors in several applications of robotic interest related to the perception and the reconstruction of the external environment. They introduced several methods based on innovative mathematical tools for solving problems, such as the position detection and orientation of a mobile robot with respect to a corridor wall, the correct reconstruction of two orthogonal panels in spite of the effect of multiple reflections affecting the data in the corner zone, and the reconstruction of the boundary walls of a room environment. All the proposed innovative strategies were tested on a designed mechatronic scanning system consisting of ultrasonic sensors rotated by a servo modular actuator and also with the data from a scanning validated model. In this review, the main steps and achievements will be presented so as to summarize the research work of recent years as well as reflect on the importance of appropriate and innovative techniques regarding ultrasonic data processing. The originality of the present work concerns the possibility of disposing all the developed approaches as a whole in order to use in-air ultrasonic sensors for robotic perception in several environmental situations.
Clinical Validation of Anyplex II HPV HR Detection Test for Cervical Cancer Screening in Korea
Authors: Jung Sunkyung , Lee Byungdoo , Lee Kap No , Kim Yonggoo , Oh Eun-Jee 
Published: February 2016

Context
The Anyplex II HPV HR detection kit (Seegene Inc, Seoul, Korea) is a new, multiplex, real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to detect individual 14 high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) types in a single tube.

Objective
To evaluate the clinical performance of the HPV HR kit in predicting high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and cervical intraepithelial lesions grade 2 or worse in cervical cancer screening.

Design
We analyzed 1137 cervical samples in Huro Path medium (CelltraZone, Seoul, Korea) from Korean women. The clinical performance of the HPV HR kit was compared with Hybrid Capture 2 (Qiagen, Valencia, California) using the noninferiority score test in a routine cervical cancer screening setting. The intralaboratory and interlaboratory agreements of HPV HR were also evaluated.

Results
Overall agreement between the 2 assays was 92.4% (1051 of 1137) with a κ value of 0.787. Clinical sensitivity of HPV HR for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and cervical intraepithelial lesions grade 2 or worse was 94.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 89.2–99.7) and 92.5% (95% CI, 84.3–100.0), respectively. The respective values for Hybrid Capture 2 were 93.1% (95% CI, 87.2–98.9) and 87.5% (95% CI, 77.3–99.7). Clinical sensitivity and specificity of HPV HR were not inferior to those of Hybrid Capture 2 (P = .005 and P = .04, respectively). The HPV HR showed good intralaboratory and interlaboratory reproducibility at 98.0% (κ = 0.953) and 97.4% (κ = 0.940), respectively.

Conclusions
The HPV HR demonstrates comparable performance to the Hybrid Capture 2 test and can be useful for HPV-based cervical cancer screening testing.
Lung Transplantation: The State of the Airways
Authors: Husain Aliya N. , Garrity Edward R. 
Published: February 2016

Context
Lung transplantation has become a viable option for definitive treatment of several end-stage lung diseases for which there are no other options available. However, long-term survival continues to be limited by chronic lung allograft dysfunction, which primarily affects the airways.

Objective
—To highlight the complications occurring mainly in the airways of the lung transplant recipient from the early to late posttransplant periods.

Data Sources
Review literature focusing on the airways in patients with lung transplants and clinical experience of the authors.

Conclusions
Postsurgical complications and infections of the airways have decreased because of better techniques and management. Acute cellular rejection of the airways can be distinguished from infection pathologically and on cultures. Separating small from large airways need not be an issue because both are risk factors for bronchiolitis obliterans. Grading of airway rejection needs to be standardized. Chronic lung allograft dysfunction consists of both bronchiolitis obliterans and restrictive allograft syndrome, neither of which can be treated very effectively at present.
Between the capture and dissemination of data: the importance of the dnv and its adequate completion
Authors: Farias Maria do Carmo Andrade Duarte de , Oliveira Karla Maria Duarte Silva , Diniz Alcides Da Silva , Maia Paula Christianne Gomes Gouveia Souto , Abrantes Kennia Sibelly Marques de , Abreu Luiz Carlos de , Valenti Vitor Engrácia 
Published: February 2016

ResumoIntrodução: O Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC) se propõe a captar e divulgar informações acerca dos nascidos vivos, da genitora, da gestação, do parto, do recém nascido; levando em consideração que a informação sobre os nascidos vivos de um país ou de determinada região é fundamental, pois os nascimentos fazem parte da composição de vários indicadores demográficos e epidemiológicos, como as taxas de mortalidade infantil, baixo peso ao nascer, natalidade e de fecundidade. Objetivo: Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de comparar os dados contidos nas DNV (via Branca) frente aos divulgados no SINASC/DATASUS, no município de Cajazeiras, PB (2006-2010). Método: É um estudo descritivo, por meio de revisão das 3972 DNV de 2006 a 2010, arquivadas no setor da Vigilância Epidemiológica, e também dos dados divulgados no SINASC, relativos às mães residentes no referido município. resultados: Percebeu-se falha significativa no preenchimento da DNV e ambiguidades entre os dados SMS e DATASUS, comprometendo a confiabilidade e pondo em dúvida a precisão e completeza dos registros desse sistema de informação, frente aos da SMS. Desse modo, além de ter havido falha no preenchimento adequado da DNV no local do nascimento, houve falha na digitação eletrônica dos dados.Conclusão: Assim, os resultados apontam a necessidade em que a Secretaria Municipal de Saúde promova treinamentos e orientações para a pessoa responsável pelo preenchimento da DNV e pela digitação eletrônica do sistema, para se obter um total e correto preenchimento de todos os itens da DNV; enfatizando a importância deste documento e do seu preenchimento integral.
Food consumption among healthy and overweight adolescents
Authors: Vieira Mariana Vilela , Del Ciampo Ieda Regina Lopes , Del Ciampo Luiz Antonio 
Published: February 2016

Objetivo: Avaliar os hábitos e o consumo alimentar de adolescentes matriculados em duas escolas públicas da região oeste da cidade de Ribeirão Preto (SP). Método: Estudo tipo casocontrole que analisou o consumo alimentar de adolescentes eutróficos e com excesso de peso, pareados por idade e sexo, utilizando questionários de frequência alimentar e registro alimentar de 3 dias, comparados com o Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira e analisados peloSoftware Virtual Nutri. Resultados: a média de idade dos 130 adolescentes estudados foi 196,8 meses. As médias de IMC e de porcentagem de gordura corporal foram de 29,5 e 49,4% e 21,0 e 29,1% para os grupos de excesso de peso e eutróficos, respectivamente (p < 0,01). Entre os eutróficos a média de ingestão diária foi 1915,5 calorias, enquanto os adolescentes com excesso de peso ingeriram 1761,8 calorias. A maioria dos adolescentes realizou as três refeições principais: café da manhã (86%), almoço (98,9%) e jantar (96,8%). Para os adolescentes eutróficos os percentuais médios de energia consumidos foram de 56,7% para carboidratos, 15,4% para proteínas, e 27,9% para lipídeos, enquanto que o grupo com excesso de peso consumiu 52,7%, 17,1% e 30,2%, respectivamente. Conclusões: o hábito alimentar dos adolescentes vem sendo modificado, com o consumo cada vez maior de alimentos com pequena contribuição nutricional e que podem trazer grandes prejuízos à saúde, daí a necessidade da atuação dos profissionaisda saúde no sentido de orientar e sensibilizá-los para a importância de medidas que contribuam para a adoção de um estilo de vida saudável.
Motor development of brazilian breastfeeding infants in socially unfavorable condition of life
Authors: Mello Eduardo Queiroz de , Gallo Sophia Motta , Goulart Flavia Cristina , Herrero Dafne , Gallo Paulo Rogerio 
Published: February 2016

Os primeiros anos de vida são de importância essencial para o desenvolvimento infantil. O desenvolvimento neurosensoriomotor de crianças, vivendo em condição de pobreza, pode ser prejudicado, sendo a detecção precoce de anormalidades essencial para um desenvolvimento saudável. Objetivo. Avaliar o uso da AIMS como instrumento de avaliação para detecção precoce de anormalidades. Método. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo transversal, realizado com lactentes brasileiros matriculados no “Programa educativo de promoção do crescimento e desenvolvimento”, do ambulatório de uma unidade de saúde gerenciada por um Hospital de referência do Sistema Público de Saúde, na Comunidade de Paraisópolis, São Paulo. A amostra (n = 71) foi composta por lactentes menores de 18 meses, eutróficos, de baixo risco biológico ao nascimento, nascidos de parto único, termo, peso ao nascer entre 2.000g e 4.500g, semassociação com patologias congênitas neurológicas, cardíacas ou ortopédicas no exame clinico. Resultados. Este estudo apresenta prevalência de atraso motor quando comparado com a população de referencia da AIMS. Primeiro, 8,5% dos lactentes foram classificados como mdA e 7% como dmS, além da categoria mdT conter 84,5% dos lactentes, a media do escore Z tem modificado o ponto central da distribuição padronizada, apenas 33,7% do grupo, isto e, 24 em 71, estão igual ou acima do Z = 0 (p < 0.05). Conclusão. A utilização da AIMS neste estudo foi eficiente na avaliação do desenvolvimento motor, prática, de baixo custo e rápida aplicação. Forneceu rápida visualização da posição do lactente. Característica que permite tomada de decisões oportunas pelos profissionais que integram as equipes de saúde.
Study on capacitance–voltage characteristics of diamond field-effect transistors with NO2 hole doping and Al2O3 gate insulator layer
Authors: Kasu Makoto , Hirama Kazuyuki , Harada Kazuya , Oishi Toshiyuki 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
We study the capacitance–voltage (C–V) characteristics of thermally stable high-performance diamond field-effect transistors (FETs) with NO2 hole doping and an Al2O3 gate insulator layer. We measured C–V characteristics and obtained the results reproducibly. Then, we fitted the experimental C–V results by solving the Poisson equations self-consistently, and determined the interface parameters such as the interface fixed charge and interface states. On the basis of the results, we constructed band diagrams of the metal–oxide–semiconductor structure in a diamond FET and explained the interface properties.
Investigation of channel mobility in AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors
Authors: Chang Sung-Jae , Kang Hee-Sung , Lee Jae-Hoon , Yang Jie , Bhuiyan Maruf , Jo Young-Woo , Cui Sharon , Lee Jung-Hee , Ma Tso-Ping 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
We have investigated the channel mobility in the gated region of a set of high-quality AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs). The resistances in the contact, access, and gated regions were extracted from straightforward I
D(V
G) measurements on sets of HEMTs with four different gate-to-drain distances. By correcting for the effects of the contact and access resistances, much more accurate effective mobility curves in the gated region, compared to those reported in the past, have been obtained. The maximum effective mobility in that region has been found to be 1100 cm2 V−1 s−1 at carrier density n
s = 7 × 1012 cm−2 at room temperature. We have extracted the mobility curves in a wide range of temperatures (80 to 520 K) and carrier concentrations (up to 1.3 × 1013 cm−2). Our systematic measurements have revealed various dominant scattering mechanisms as the temperature and carrier concentration change.
Detection of mercury(II) ion in water using an organic field-effect transistor with a cysteine-immobilized gold electrode
Authors: Minami Tsuyoshi , Minamiki Tsukuru , Tokito Shizuo 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
In this note, we report on the electrical detection of a mercury(II) ion (Hg2+) in water using an organic field-effect transistor (OFET). The fabricated OFET device possesses an extended-gate gold electrode functionalized with l-cysteine (known as a Hg2+ ligand). We have investigated the detection ability of the OFET by immersing the extended-gate electrode in an aqueous solution with various Hg2+ concentrations. As a result, we have successfully observed the decrease in the drain current of the OFET upon the addition of incremental amounts of Hg2+ in water. The limit of detection for Hg2+ in this device is estimated to be 31 ppb.
Turn-on analysis of silicon insulated gate bipolar transistors with emitter trenches
Authors: Machida Satoru , Yamashita Yusuke 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
In this study, we analyzed the turn-on of silicon insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) with an emitter trench. The tail of collector-to-emitter voltage during turn-on fluctuated when an emitter trench was inserted. Interestingly, the gate-to-collector capacitance of IGBTs with an emitter trench was lower than that without an emitter trench. The internal hole current distribution at the time of the tail of collector-to-emitter voltage was investigated by device simulation. The hole current was diverted, passing adjacent to the emitter trench. It was clarified that the fluctuation in the tail of collector-to-emitter voltage originates from a decrease in PNP transistor gain associated with this change of the hole current path. We demonstrated that this fluctuation in the tail of collector-to-emitter voltage can be suppressed by connecting the emitter trench to a gate electrode.
150 A SiC V-groove trench gate MOSFET with 6 × 6 mm2 chip size on a 150 mm C-face in-house epitaxial wafer
Authors: Saitoh Yu , Itoh Hironori , Wada Keiji , Sakai Mitsuhiko , Horii Taku , Hiratsuka Kenji , Tanaka So , Mikamura Yasuki 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
We report the successful demonstration of large current and high-speed switching properties of SiC V-groove trench gate MOSFETs (VMOSFETs). A drain current of 150 A (at V
DS = 2 V and V
GS = 18 V) and breakdown voltage of 960 V were achieved from a packaged 6 × 6 mm2 single chip. Moreover, short switching times of t
r = 81 ns and t
f = 32 ns were also obtained. To fabricate such VMOSFETs with high yield, highly uniform in-house epitaxial growth technology on a 150-mm-diameter wafer is also one of the keys, owing to its characteristic dependence on drift layer carrier concentration.
Al doping of 4H-SiC by laser irradiation to coated Al film and its application to junction barrier Schottky diode
Authors: Ikeda Akihiro , Sumina Rikuho , Ikenoue Hiroshi , Asano Tanemasa 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is doped into 4H-SiC by excimer laser irradiation to a coated Al film on the 4H-SiC surface. Deep (∼200 nm in the depth) and high-concentration (over 1 × 1021/cm3 on the surface) Al doping is realized by adjusting the Al film thickness for the laser fluence. Optical emission measurements clearly show that Al plasma is generated on and above the sample surface by laser irradiation. Surface morphology observation suggests that, under an optimum combination between Al thickness and laser fluence, high-temperature molten Al is formed on the 4H-SiC surface and the molten Al serves as the dopant source. We adopt this laser Al doping to fabricate a junction barrier Schottky (JBS) diode. Selective doping is performed by using SiO2 as the doping mask. The fabrication is thoroughly carried out without heating the substrate except for film deposition and metal sintering processes. The fabricated JBS diode shows satisfactory operation as compared with a pn junction diode.