bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UnLynx: A Decentralized System for Privacy-Conscious Data Sharing
Authors: Froelicher David , Egger Patricia , Sousa João Sá , Raisaro Jean Louis , Huang Zhicong , Mouchet Christian , Ford Bryan , Hubaux Jean-Pierre 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCurrent solutions for privacy-preserving data sharing among multiple parties either depend on a centralized authority that must be trusted and provides only weakest-link security (e.g., the entity that manages private/secret cryptographic keys), or leverage on decentralized but impractical approaches (e.g., secure multi-party computation). When the data to be shared are of a sensitive nature and the number of data providers is high, these solutions are not appropriate. Therefore, we present UnLynx, a new decentralized system for efficient privacy-preserving data sharing. We considermservers that constitute a collective authority whose goal is to verifiably compute on data sent fromndata providers. UnLynxguarantees the confidentiality, unlinkability between data providers and their data, privacy of the end result and the correctness of computations by the servers. Furthermore, to support differentially private queries, UnLynxcan collectively add noise under encryption. All of this is achieved through a combination of a set of new distributed and secure protocols that are based on homomorphic cryptography, verifiable shuffling and zero-knowledge proofs. UnLynxis highly parallelizable and modular by design as it enables multiple security/privacy vs. runtime tradeoffs. Our evaluation shows that UnLynxcan execute a secure survey on 400,000 personal data records containing 5 encrypted attributes, distributed over 20 independent databases, for a total of 2,000,000 ciphertexts, in 24 minutes.
Fingerprinting Keywords in Search Queries over Tor
Authors: Oh Se Eun , Li Shuai , Hopper Nicholas 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Search engine queries contain a great deal of private and potentially compromising information about users. One technique to prevent search engines from identifying the source of a query, and Internet service providers (ISPs) from identifying the contents of queries is to query the search engine over an anonymous network such as Tor.
In this paper, we study the extent to which Website Fingerprinting can be extended to fingerprint individual queries or keywords to web applications, a task we call Keyword Fingerprinting (KF). We show that by augmenting traffic analysis using a two-stage approach with new task-specific feature sets, a passive network adversary can in many cases defeat the use of Tor to protect search engine queries.
We explore three popular search engines, Google, Bing, and Duckduckgo, and several machine learning techniques with various experimental scenarios. Our experimental results show that KF can identify Google queries containing one of 300 targeted keywords with recall of 80% and precision of 91%, while identifying the specific monitored keyword among 300 search keywords with accuracy 48%. We also further investigate the factors that contribute to keyword fingerprintability to understand how search engines and users might protect against KF.
Certificate Transparency with Privacy
Authors: Eskandarian Saba , Messeri Eran , Bonneau Joseph , Boneh Dan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCertificate transparency (CT) is an elegant mechanism designed to detect when a certificate authority (CA) has issued a certificate incorrectly. Many CAs now support CT and it is being actively deployed in browsers. However, a number of privacy-related challenges remain. In this paper we propose practical solutions to two issues. First, we develop a mechanism that enables web browsers to audit a CT log without violating user privacy. Second, we extend CT to support non-public subdomains.
Privacy-Preserving Distributed Linear Regression on High-Dimensional Data
Authors: Gascón Adrià , Schoppmann Phillipp , Balle Borja , Raykova Mariana , Doerner Jack , Zahur Samee , Evans David 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We propose privacy-preserving protocols for computing linear regression models, in the setting where the training dataset is vertically distributed among several parties. Our main contribution is a hybrid multi-party computation protocol that combines Yao’s garbled circuits with tailored protocols for computing inner products. Like many machine learning tasks, building a linear regression model involves solving a system of linear equations. We conduct a comprehensive evaluation and comparison of different techniques for securely performing this task, including a new Conjugate Gradient Descent (CGD) algorithm. This algorithm is suitable for secure computation because it uses an efficient fixed-point representation of real numbers while maintaining accuracy and convergence rates comparable to what can be obtained with a classical solution using floating point numbers. Our technique improves on Nikolaenko et al.’s method for privacy-preserving ridge regression (S&P 2013), and can be used as a building block in other analyses. We implement a complete system and demonstrate that our approach is highly scalable, solving data analysis problems with one million records and one hundred features in less than one hour of total running time.
A Study of MAC Address Randomization in Mobile Devices and When it Fails
Authors: Martin Jeremy , Mayberry Travis , Donahue Collin , Foppe Lucas , Brown Lamont , Riggins Chadwick , Rye Erik C. , Brown Dane 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Media Access Control (MAC) address randomization is a privacy technique whereby mobile devices rotate through random hardware addresses in order to prevent observers from singling out their traffic or physical location from other nearby devices. Adoption of this technology, however, has been sporadic and varied across device manufacturers. In this paper, we present the first wide-scale study of MAC address randomization in the wild, including a detailed breakdown of different randomization techniques by operating system, manufacturer, and model of device.
We then identify multiple flaws in these implementations which can be exploited to defeat randomization as performed by existing devices. First, we show that devices commonly make improper use of randomization by sending wireless frames with the true, global address when they should be using a randomized address. We move on to extend the passive identification techniques of Vanhoef et al. to effectively defeat randomization in ~96% of Android phones. Finally, we identify a previously unknown flaw in the way wireless chipsets handle low-level control frames which applies to 100% of devices we tested. This flaw permits an active attack that can be used under certain circumstances to track any existing wireless device.
Theoretical vocabularies and styles of explanation of robot behaviours in children
Authors: Datteri Edoardo , Zecca Luisa 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHow do children describe and explain the behaviour of robotic systems? In this paper, some distinctions between different types of explanations, drawing from the philosophy of science literature, are proposed and exemplified by reference to an activity in which primary school children are asked to describe and explain the behaviour of a pre-programmed Braitenberg-like vehicle. The proposed distinctions are also discussed against other studies drawn from the related scientific literature. A qualitative study has provided insights to further refine the analysis described here, through the introduction of other sub-categories of explanation of robotic behaviours.
Exploring factors related to college student expertise in digital games and their relationships to academics
Authors: Hamlen Karla R. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Digital game play is a common pastime among college students and monopolizes a great deal of time for many students. Researchers have previously investigated relationships between subject-specific game play and academics, but this study fulfills a need for research focusing on entertainment game strategies and how they relate to strategies and success in other contexts. Utilizing a survey of 191 undergraduate students, the goal was to investigate students’ digital game play habits, strategies, and beliefs that predict gaming expertise, and to determine if these relate to academic success. Factor analysis revealed three latent variables that predict expertise: dedication, solo mastery, and strategic play. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine whether these three components could also predict academic outcome variables. Findings point to the absence of a relationship between these variables and academic GPA, but to the presence of a tentative relationship between confidence in game play and confidence in personal control over academic success.
Educational robots and children’s imagery: a preliminary investigation in the first year of primary school
Authors: Bruni Filippo , Nisdeo Michela 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
This study, within the dual context of media education and the use of educational robots, presents a preliminary investigation relating children’s imagery of robots achieved through the analysis of 44 drawings done by children in the first year of primary school. In addition to identifying a set of analytical criteria to be further investigated, the research shows (i) some sources of children’s imagery about robots, (ii) the difficulties of a specific age group to clearly distinguish between toys, robots and human beings and (iii) some possible indications for educational paths.
Preparation and characterization of low-cost high-performance mullite-quartz ceramic proppants for coal bed methane wells
Authors: Wang Kaiyue , Wang Huijun , Zhou Yi , Li Guomin , Wu Yaqiao , Hao Jianying , Tian Yuming 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In this study, the mullite-quartz-based proppants were successfully prepared by using the coal gangue as the raw materials. Then, the effects of the additive and the sintering temperature on the composition, microstructure, and properties of the proppants were investigated. Results showed that the proppants sintered at 1250°C with the 10 wt% bauxite additive presented the best performance, which was very close to that of the quartz-proppant, and met the operational requirements of the 52 MPa coal bed methane wells. The viscous flow mechanism of the liquid phase formed during the sintering process also promoted the arrangement of the grains, thus benefiting the densification and the strength of the proppants.
Selection of Superior Clones by Stability Analysis of Growth Performance in Populus davidiana Dode at Age 12
Authors: Koo Y. B. , Yeo J. K. , Woo K. S. , Kim T. S. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Stability parameters and clone x site interactions for 12-year volume were investigated in seven Populus davidiana (Korean aspen) clonal trials in South Korea. Either 24 or 38 clones were tested in each of the seven sites. All sources of variables such as clone, site, and clone x site interaction were statistically significant (p < 0.01) in the analysis of variance. The average volume of 3,199 trees was 0.043 m3. The different types of stability were shown from selected clones against the test means for volume. Clone Palkong 2 represents a relatively unstable clone that is sensitive to site changes and had greater adaptability to favorable sites. Five clones, Odae 19, Taehyun 9, Sunyeo 4, Sokwang 31, and Taehyun 3, were selected as superior clones based on stability parameters and mean volume. The selected clones have average stability and performed in a predictable manner over different planting sites. A positive relationship between stability parameters and the clone mean performance for volume was noted in this study.
Growth, Stem Quality and age-age Correlations in a Teak Provenance Trial in Tanzania
Authors: Pedersen A. P. , Hansen J. K. , Mtika J. M. , Msangi T. H. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
This study examines the growth and stem straightness variation between teak (Tectona grandis L. f.) provenances in a 30-year-old field trial in the coastal lowland of Tanzania. The results are compared with earlier results. The findings demonstrate that it is possible to find large height and yield differences between teak provenances. The best performing provenance grows some 10% (height) to 40% (volume) better than the average. The provenance Topslip, India, consistently proved to be outstanding in terms of growth and stem quality confirming earlier evaluations at age 5 and 17 years. Tanzanian land races also proved to be superior, especially as regards stem straightness.
Evaluation of Resistance to the Beech Scale Insect (Cryptococcus fagisuga) and Propagation of American Beech (Fagus grandifolia) by Grafting
Authors: Ramirez M. , Loo J. , Krasowski M. J. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Scions collected from diseased trees and from those without symptoms of beech bark disease (BBD) were cleft-grafted in 2003 and 2004 onto rootstock of unknown resistance to BBD. Grafting success varied among genotypes and year (30% in 2003 and 12% in 2004), and improved with increasing rootstock diameter. Successful grafts were used to test resistance to the beech scale insect, Cryptococcus fagisuga (the initiating agent of BBD) by introducing eggs onto the bark of scions and allowing time for the emergence of all developmental stages of the insects. Significantly fewer insects colonized scions collected from putatively resistant trees than those collected from diseased trees. In some cases, where egg placement overlapped a portion of the rootstock, insect colonies developed on the rootstock but not on the scion collected from resistant trees. Occasionally, scions from putatively resistant trees were colonized, whereas some of those from diseased trees were not. When scions from putatively resistant trees were heavily colonized, only adult insects were present and no eggs or other life stages of the insect were found. The findings indicate that the extent of resistance to the scale insect (hence to BBD) ranges from partial to total resistance.
Multivariate Analysis of Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Germplasm in Nigeria
Authors: Aliyu O. M. , Awopetu J. A. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Multivariate analyses were carried out on fifty-nine germplasm accessions of cashew derived from both local and exotic populations established at the research plots of Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN), Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria, to assess the extent of variability and pattern of genetic diversity among these cashew populations. Data collected on 36 quantitative and 33 qualitative plant characters were subjected to taximetric tools of Euclidean distance of complete linkage (furthest neighbour) and principal component analysis (PCA). The multivariate analyses tentatively grouped the selections into four distinct morphogenetically diverse clusters. The groupings appear to be a function of origin, eco-geographical distribution, genetic and/or agronomic affinity of the selections. Brazilian populations distinctly clustered together in two major groups while local clones and Indian selections dominated the other two major clusters with each group having its unique fruiting and tree growth habits. The clustering pattern at sub-cluster levels clearly reflects affinity of each genetic population. The principal component analysis and the potency indices showed that fruit characters are the most discriminating parameters for delineating cashew at the varietal level.
Genotype-Site Interactions in Growth, Physiological and Biochemical Parameters in Clones of Dalbergia Sissoo Roxb
Authors: Rawat R. S. , Nautiyal S. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryA plantation trial of six selected clones of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. laid out in randomized block design at four sites in northern India during July, 1996 was evaluated for growth, physiological and biochemical parameters. Genotype-site interactions were significant for collar diameter increment, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble protein, total soluble sugar and starch content at 5 per cent level of significance. The variability estimates for these characters also indicated strong genetic control than the environment. However, stomatal conductance amongst these clones exhibited strong influence of environment that was non-additive in nature.
Genetic Relationships among Schizolobium parahybum (Vell.) Blake (Leguminosae) Ecotypes from Ecuador and other Countries
Authors: Canchignia-Martínez H. F. , Hernández-Delgado S. , González-Paz M. , Motte E. , Mayek-Pérez N. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFifteen ecotypes of Schizolobium parahybum (Vell.) Blake collected in Ecuador (9), Brazil (3), Bolivia (1) Costa Rica (1), and Peru (1) were analyzed using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPDs), Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs) and microsatellites (SSRs) in order to determine their genetic relationships and diversity patterns among ecotypes and to identify the origin of cultivated germplasm in Ecuador. Although AFLP markers were the most informative technique based on amplified products, SSRs clearly differentiated the ecotypes of Ecuador based on their geographical origin or genetic status into two groups: commercial ecotypes growing at western Ecuador very similar to the ecotype from Costa Rica, and native germplasm from eastern Ecuador and ecotypes from Brazil, Peru and Bolivia.
Fertility Variation and its Implications on Relatedness in Seed Crops in Seedling Seed Orchards of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and E. tereticornis
Authors: Kamalakannan R. , Varghese M. , Lindgren D. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSeedling seed orchards of Eucalyptus tereticornis (N =192 & 505) and E. camaldulensis (N =182 & 525) were established at two sites (one moist and one dry) in southern India. The fertility (based on the number of flowers and fruits) was registered for each tree at age eight and nine years. E. camaldulensis on the moist location had 73% fertile trees and low fertility difference (sibling coefficient, Ψ, was 2.27) at eight years. whereas Only 23% trees were fertile in the E. tereticornis orchard at the same site and the fertility variation was high (Ψ =11.71). In the dry location, fertility was almost the same in both species at nine years, with 45 & 51% fertile trees in E. camaldulensis (Ψ =5.4) and E. tereticornis (Ψ = 5.2) respectively. Though the fertility trends were the same in both years, the number of fertile trees was comparatively higher at nine years (except in the low flowering E. tereticornis orchard at the moist site) in both the sites. Gene diversity values of the seed crop estimated for two consecutive years are fairly high except for the E. tereticornis (GD = 0.9650 and 0.9690) orchard located in the moist site. The implications of fertility variation on diversity of progeny have been discussed in the light of domestication strategies and tree breeding programs implemented for eucalypts.
Morphological Differentiation and Hybridization between Quercus alnifolia Poech and Quercus coccifera L. (Fagaceae) in Cyprus
Authors: Neophytou Ch. , Palli G. , Dounavi A. , Aravanopoulos F. A. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Analysis of morphological traits was carried out in order to provide insights regarding differentiation and hybridization between two evergreen oak species, the golden oak (Quercus alnifolia Poech) and the holly oak (Quercus coccifera L.) in Cyprus. The holly oak shows a higher degree of morphological diversity, in comparison to the endemic golden oak, which is confined to the ultrabasic rock formations of the Troodos Massif. The parental species can be clearly distinguished. Each species forms both pure and sympatric populations; no significant differences were observed at the within species level. Analysis of mixed stands indicates active but limited genetic introgression and hybridization between the two oaks. Designated hybrids form a distinct group in multivariate space being morphologically closer to the golden oak. Backcrossing events have been implicated from multivariate analysis, while hybrids appear to be more similar to Q. alnifolia.
Genetic Gain and Diversity under Different Selection Methods in a Breeding Seed Orchard of Quercus serrata
Authors: Kang K. S. , Cheon B. H. , Han S. U. , Kim C. S. , Choi W. Y. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Genetic gain and diversity were estimated in a 13- year old Quercus serrata breeding seed orchard under three selection (rouging) methods. The selections were based on individual selection, family selection, and family plus within family selection. Genetic gain was for stem volume and gene diversity was estimated by status number concept. Both estimated genetic gain and gene diversity were compared to those before selection and among selection scenarios. Estimated genetic gain for tree volume ranged from 4.0% to 9.1% for three selection methods under 50% selection intensity. Individual selection was better than family selection for retaining higher genetic gain and status number. Family plus within family selection was the best selection method, while individual selection was more efficient at the strong selection intensity. An optimal point, which maximized gain and diversity, was occurred at 50% selection intensity that would be applied for genetic thinning in the breeding seed orchard of Quercus serrata. The effect of genetic relatedness among families and possible pollen contamination on both genetic gain and gene diversity, although were not studied but their impact, are discussed. The selection method and intensity level applied should be chosen after careful consideration of the impacts on both genetic gain and diversity for seeds produced from the seed orchard.
Genetic Diversity of Hippophae rhamnoides Populations at Varying Altitudes in the Wolong Natural Reserve of China as Revealed by ISSR Markers
Authors: Chen G. , Wang Y. , Zhao C. , Korpelainen H. , Li C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHippophae rhamnoides L., a dioecious and deciduous shrub species, occupies a wide range of habitats in the Wolong Nature Reserve, Southwest China. Our present study investigated the pattern of genetic variation and differentiation among five natural populations of H. rhamnoides, occurring along an altitudinal gradient that varied from 1,800 to 3,400 m above sea level in the Wolong Natural Reserve, by using ISSR markers. Based on fingerprinting patterns generated by fifteen primers, high levels of genetic variation were present within populations and subpopulations. Substantial genetic divergence was observed among populations, and also among female and male subpopulations, the GSTvalues equaling 0.182, 0.222, and 0.238, respectively. Such considerable divergence present among populations and subpopulations may be caused by complex topography which effectively restricts gene flow, and by variable climatic conditions at different altitudes which may cause varying selective pressures. A significantly positive correlation between genetic and altitudinal distances was detected for the five populations and female subpopulations of H. rhamnoides. The cluster analysis including all populations or male subpopulations resulted in three altitude groups. Our results suggest that altitudinal gradients may be the prime cause affecting the genetic variation pattern of different populations and subpopulations in H. rhamnoides in the Wolong Nature Reserve, Southwest China.