bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional and Aesthetic Lower Lip Reconstruction With Depressor Anguli Oris Muscle Flap and Reverse Superior Labial Artery Flap
Authors: Turan Aydın 
Published: October 2024

Background
The lower lip is an important anatomical structure involved in daily activities such as eating, drinking, and speaking, as well as in facial expressions. Lower lip defects should be repaired to preserve lip function without disrupting the aesthetic harmony of the lips within the face. This goal is difficult for plastic surgeons because, for functional and aesthetic repair, it is necessary to replace the mucosa, muscle (especially contractile), and skin tissues present in the lip.

Methods
Subtotal lower lip repair was performed using an innervated depressor anguli oris muscle flap and a desepithelialized reverse superior labial artery flap in seven male patients with a mean age of 63 years. A depressor anguli oris muscle flap was used to repair the orbicularis oris muscle defect. The desepithelialized part of the reverse superior labial artery flap was used for mucosal defect repair, whereas the remaining part was used for skin defect repair. Patients were followed up for an average of 15 months. Patient lips, epithelialization, sensation, and sphincter function were clinically evaluated. Electromyography (EMG) was performed at 6 and 12 months to evaluate the function of the depressor anguli oris muscle flap.

Results
All the reverse superior labial artery flaps survived without any loss. Trapdoor deformity developed in the flaps of two patients. The desepithelialized parts of the flaps were completely epithelialized (covered with mucosa) by approximately 6th week. In the EMG controls of the patients at 6 months, the depressor anguli oris muscle was contractible. Sensation regained in the operated lip during the follow-up period.

Conclusions
The combination of an innervated depressor anguli oris muscle flap and a desepithelialized reverse superior labial artery flap is an important surgical option for the functional and aesthetic repair of subtotal lower lip defects.
Preoperative Factors Affecting Graft Survival After ABO-incompatible Adult Liver Transplantation
Authors: Nam Hyun-Jun , Kim Deok-Gie , Min Eun-Ki , Lee Jae Geun , Han Dai Hoon , Kim Sinyoung , Lee Kyung-A , Choi Gi Hong , Joo Dong Jin , Kim Hyun Ok , Kwon Soon Sung , Kim Myoung Soo 
Published: October 2024

Background.
Although ABO-incompatible liver transplantation (ABOi LT) has undergone remarkable progress, the prognostic factors are poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the preoperative factors affecting graft survival after ABOi LT.

Methods.
Patients who underwent ABOi LT between January 2012 and December 2020 at a single institution in South Korea were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 146 recipients, including 34 patients with graft loss, were analyzed.

Results.
In the multivariate Cox proportional hazard model, recipient age (≥55 y; hazard ratio, 2.47; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-5.19; P = 0.017) and donor ABO type (donor A, hazard ratio, 3.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.33-7.33; P = 0.009) were significantly associated with an increased risk of graft loss. The most common cause of graft loss was recipient death due to bacterial infection (15/34, 44.1%). Both recipient age and donor ABO type were associated with an increased risk of recipient death due to bacterial infections. The incidence of complications after ABOi LT, including antibody-mediated rejection and diffuse intrahepatic biliary stricture, did not differ according to recipient age or donor ABO type.

Conclusions.
These findings suggest that recipient age and donor ABO type should be considered when preparing for ABOi LT. Careful monitoring and care after transplantation are required for recipients with preoperative risk factors.
Inter-laboratory harmonization of microsphere immunoassays for SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection in dried blood spots and oral fluids
Authors: DeRosa Kate L. , Pisanic Nora , Kruczynski Kate , Heaney Christopher D. , Styer Linda M. , Mantis Nicholas J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTDried blood spots (DBS) and oral fluids (OF) are easily attainable biospecimen types that have enabled population scale antibody monitoring for SARS-CoV-2 exposure and vaccination. However, the degree to which the two different biospecimen types can be used interchangeably remains unclear. To begin to address this question, we generated contrived DBS (cDBS) and OF (cOF) from serum panels from SARS-CoV-2 infected, vaccinated, and uninfected individuals. The contrived samples were evaluated using SARS-CoV-2 multiplexed microsphere immunoassays (MIAs) at two different institutions. Intra-laboratory tests revealed near perfect agreement between cDBS and cOF for N and S antigens, as evidenced by κ = 0.97-1 and 98%-100% agreement. Inter-laboratory comparisons were equally robust for both N (κ = 0.94-0.96; 97.5%-98 % agreement) and S (κ = 0.98 -1.0; 99.0%-100%). Furthermore, assays were transferred between labs, including methods and reagents, and a subset of cDBS and cOF samples (n = 52) were tested. Qualitative concordance remained high (κ = 0.94-1.0; 97.5%-100% agreement), confirming that integrity of the assays is retained upon transfer. In summary, our results provide evidence that DBS and OF can be used interchangeably across laboratories and institutions for the qualitative assessment of SARS-CoV-2 antibody determinations.
Shc1 cooperates with Frs2 and Shp2 to recruit Grb2 in FGF-induced lens development
Authors: Wang Qian , Li Hongge , Mao Yingyu , Garg Ankur , Park Eun Sil , Wu Yihua , Chow Alyssa , Peregrin John , Zhang Xin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling elicits multiple downstream pathways, most notably the Ras/MAPK cascade facilitated by the adaptor protein Grb2. However, the mechanism by which Grb2 is recruited to the FGF signaling complex remains unresolved. Here we showed that genetic ablation of FGF signaling prevented lens induction by disrupting transcriptional regulation and actin cytoskeletal arrangements, which could be reproduced by deleting the juxtamembrane region of the FGF receptor and rescued by Kras activation. Conversely, mutations affecting the Frs2-binding site on the FGF receptor or the deletion of Frs2 and Shp2 primarily impact later stages of lens vesicle development involving lens fiber cell differentiation. Our study further revealed that the loss of Grb2 abolished MAPK signaling, resulting in a profound arrest of lens development. However, removing Grb2’s putative Shp2 dephosphorylation site (Y209) neither produced a detectable phenotype nor impaired MAPK signaling during lens development. Furthermore, the catalytically inactive Shp2 mutation (C459S) only modestly impaired FGF signaling, whereas replacing Shp2’s C-terminal phosphorylation sites (Y542/Y580) previously implicated in Grb2 binding only caused placental defects, perinatal lethality, and reduced lacrimal gland branching without impacting lens development, suggesting that Shp2 only partially mediates Grb2 recruitment. In contrast, we observed that FGF signaling is required for the phosphorylation of the Grb2-binding sites on Shc1 and the deletion of Shc1 exacerbates the lens vesicle defect caused by Frs2 and Shp2 deletion. These findings establish Shc1 as a critical collaborator with Frs2 and Shp2 in targeting Grb2 during FGF signaling.
Enhanced human sensorimotor integration via self-modulation of the somatosensory activity
Authors: Iwama Seitaro , Ueno Takamasa , Fujimaki Tatsuro , Ushiba Junichi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractKinesthetic motor imagery, the mental rehearsal of movement and its associated sensations1,2, activates somatosensory and motor cortices3,4. Motor imagery improves performance in neurorehabilitation5, sports6, and instrument play7. However, the mechanism that enhances performance through repetitive motor imagery remains unclear. Here, we combined individually tailored motor imagery training combined with closed-loop neurofeedback training, neurophysiology, and behavioral assessment to characterize how the training can modulate the somatosensory system and improve performance. The closed-loop training using real-time feedback of human electroencephalogram (EEG) signals enhanced participants’ self-modulation ability of intrinsic neural oscillations in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) within 30 minutes. Further, the short-term reorganization in S1 was corroborated by the post-training reactivity enhancement revealed by changes in somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) amplitude of early component originating from S18. Meanwhile those derived from peripheral sensory fibers were maintained, suggesting that the closed-loop training manipulated cortical activities. Behavioral evaluation demonstrated improved performance during keyboard touch-typing indexed by resolved the speed-accuracy trade-off9. Collectively, our results provide evidence that mentally rehearsed movement during kinesthetic motor imagery induces functional reorganization of S1 activities that can contribute to performance improvement.
Relative stability of different conformations and pathways of ligand escape in LIV-binding protein: A molecular dynamics simulation study
Authors: Das Jayita 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPeriplasmic binding proteins (PBPs) are a large family of receptors and transporters, present in gram-negative bacteria, which play a pivotal role in transport, chemotaxis and quorum sensing. These class of proteins have a distinct two domain architecture that undergo large conformational transitions through a hinge motion. In particular, Leucine-Isoleucine-Valine (LIV) binding protein can sense these specific side chains and undergoes a transition from a open to a closed conformation which is traditionally viewed as ligand induced conformational change. Here, atomistic molecular dynamics simulations and well-tempered metadynamics simulations are used to understand the role of ligand (namely, Isoleucine) in the conformational transition/selection of the LIV-binding protein. Furthermore, the pathway, energetics, and sequence of events during ligand escape/unbinding are unveiled from a microscopic perspective. Two distinct ligand binding pathways are identified: (i) domain separation followed by ligand escape, and (ii) ligand escape either followed by or synchronous with domain separation. The former is found to be energetically more favorable. Water is found to play an important role in the ligand unbinding process as well as providing stability to the closed conformation in the absence of the ligand, by forming bridging hydrogen bonds between two domains.
5-HT2Creceptors in the nucleus accumbens constrain the rewarding effects of MDMA
Authors: Pomrenze Matthew B. , Vaillancourt Sam , Salgado Juliana S. , Raymond Kendall B. , Llorach Pierre , Touponse Gavin C. , Pinto Daniel F. Cardozo , Rastegar Zahra , Casey Austen B. , Eshel Neir , Malenka Robert C. , Heifets Boris D. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMDMA is a promising adjunct to psychotherapy and has well-known abuse liability, although less than other amphetamine analogs. While the reinforcing dopamine (DA)-releasing properties of MDMA are on par with methamphetamine (METH), MDMA is a far more potent serotonin (5-HT) releaser, via the 5-HT transporter (SERT). MDMA-mediated 5-HT release in a major reward center, the nucleus accumbens (NAc), drives prosocial behaviors via 5-HT1BR activation. We hypothesized that this prosocial mechanism contributes to the reduced reinforcing properties of MDMA compared to METH and used a platform of assays to predict the balance of prosocial and abuse-linked effects of (R)-MDMA, a novel entactogen in clinical development. NAc DA release, measured by GRAB-DA photometry in vivo, increased in proportion to MDMA (7.5 and 15 mg/kg, i.p.) and METH (2 mg/kg i.p.)-conditioned place preference (CPP). Using conditional knockouts (cKOs) for DAT and SERT, microdialysis, and photometry, we found that MDMA-released 5-HT limited MDMA-released DA through actions in the NAc, rather than at ventral tegmental area DAergic cell bodies. SERT cKO reduced the MDMA dose required for CPP three-fold. This enhanced MDMA-CPP and increased DA release were replicated by intra-NAc infusion of either a 5-HT reuptake inhibitor (escitalopram) to prevent MDMA interaction with SERT, or a 5-HT2CR antagonist (SB242084), but not by the 5-HT1BR antagonist NAS-181. These data support separate mechanisms for the low abuse potential versus prosocial effect of MDMA. Using this platform of assays, (R)-MDMA is predicted to have prosocial effects and low abuse potential.
Dissecting Breast Cancer Heterogeneity Through Transcriptomics Insights of Diverse Etiological Factors for Common Biomarker Discovery
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Uzzal , Mehak Mariam Ahmed , Hasan SM Sajid , Sakib Mohammad Nazmus , Rahman A.B.Z. Naimur , Bhattacharjee Arittra , Chowdhury Zeshan Mahmud , Ahammad Ishtiaque , Sohag Md. Mehadi Hasan , Das Keshob Chandra , Salimullah Md. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBreast cancer has many different causes, and the key to finding effective treatments is understanding the disease’s heterogeneity. The present study used three gene expression datasets from 110 female samples related to stress, drug and hormonal imbalance, diet and nutrition, and physical activity and light exposure at night to predict differential gene expression. Interestingly, all gene expression datasets shared 22 upregulated and 4 downregulated genes, regardless of etiology. This suggests these genes share the core molecular mechanism and the biological pathway that causes breast cancer. Notably, these genes were significantly enriched in some important pathways, including cycle regulation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and transcriptional regulation, demonstrating their potential as therapeutic targets. Further, we found UBE2J2 from upregulated genes and ZCCHC7 from downregulated genes as the top hub and bottleneck genes, which may help network connectivity and functional gene interactions. Computational study further asserted the strong binding affinity of drug-target complexes. Later, molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the predicted drug-target complexes’ stability and dynamic behavior, demonstrating these two genes as potential therapeutic targets. The findings from this analysis provide the molecular basis into the complex interplay between diverse etiologic factors and breast cancer pathogenesis, paving the way for innovative biomarker-targeted therapies.
Peptide-Based Complex Coacervates Stabilized by Cation-π Interactions for Cell Engineering
Authors: Sun Yue , Wu Xi , Li Jianguo , Verma Chandra Shekhar , Yu Jing , Miserez Ali 
Published: October 2024

AbstractComplex coacervation is a form of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), whereby two types of macromolecules, usually bearing opposite net charges, self-assemble into dense microdroplets driven by weak molecular interactions. Peptide-based coacervates have recently emerged as promising carriers to deliver large macromolecules (nucleic acids, proteins and complex thereof) inside cells. Thus, it is essential to understand their assembly/disassembly mechanisms at the molecular level in order to tune the thermodynamics of coacervates formation and the kinetics of cargo release upon entering the cell. In this study, we design histidine-rich peptides consisting of modular sequences in which we systematically incorporate cationic, anionic, or aromatic residues at specific positions along the sequence in order to modulate intermolecular interactions and the resulting coacervation stability. We show that cation-π interactions between arginine and aromatic side chains are particularly efficient in stabilizing complex coacervates, and these interactions can be disrupted in the protein-rich intracellular environment, triggering the disassembly of complex coacervates followed by cargo release. With the additional grafting of a disulfide-based self-immolative sidechain, these complex coacervates exhibit enhanced stability and can deliver proteins, mRNA, and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tools with tunable release kinetics into cells. This capability extends to challenging cell types, such as macrophages. Our study highlights the critical role of cation-π interactions in the design of peptide-based coacervates, expanding the biomedical and biotechnology potential of this emerging innovative intracellular delivery platform.Table of ContentTandem peptides designed from histidine-rich beak proteins are modified with either negative, positive, or aromatic residues that can undergo complex coacervation through cation-πrather than electrostatic interactions. These complex coacervates can effectively recruit various macromolecular cargos and deliver them intracellularly with controlled release kinetics, including in hard-to-transfect macrophages.
Remote force modulation of the T-cell receptor reveals an NFAT-threshold for CD4+T cell activation
Authors: Clarke Joseph , Pike Jeremy , Bending David , Owen Dylan , Wraith David C. , El Haj Alicia J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract/SummaryMechano-modulation of cell surface proteins to influence cell activation has been shown as a promising new advanced therapy for regenerative medicine applications. These strategies rely on the manipulation of mechanosensitive cell surface receptors to initiate intracellular signal transduction. The cell surface receptor of T lymphocytes (TCR), which recognises peptide-MHC molecules central to driving the adaptive immune response, has recently been suggested to be mechano-responsive. Despite this advance, little is known as to whether the TCR can be mechanically modulated to achieve TCR signalling and subsequent T cell activation, and whether these characteristics can be exploited for immunotherapies. Here, we describe a magnetic particle-based platform for mechanical modulation of the TCR and outline how this platform can be utilised to achieve CD4+T cell activation. We demonstrate that mechanical manipulation of the TCR induces cell surface clustering of the TCR and downstream TCR signalling, leading to eventual TCR downregulation and T cell activation. We investigate the temporal relationship between mechanical modulation of the TCR and subsequent T cell activation, hereby identifying that accumulation of signalling events within the NFAT-pathway is required to reach the threshold required for CD4+T cell activation, outlining an axis which controls the CD4+T cell response to external mechanical cues. These findings identify how CD4+T cells can modulate their function in response to such cues, whilst also outlining a remote-magnetic particle-based platform that may be used for the control of T cell responses.
A 128-channel receive array with enhanced SNR performance for 10.5 tesla brain imaging
Authors: Lagore Russell L , Sadeghi-Tarakameh Alireza , Grant Andrea , Waks Matt , Auerbach Edward , Jungst Steve , DelaBarre Lance , Moeller Steen , Eryaman Yigitcan , Lattanzi Riccardo , Giannakopoulos Ilias , Vizioli Luca , Yacoub Essa , Schmidt Simon , Metzger Gregory J. , Wu Xiaoping , Adriany Gregor , Ugurbil Kamil 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeTo develop and characterize the performance of a 128-channel head array for brain imaging at 10.5 tesla and evaluate the potential of brain imaging at this unique, >10 tesla magnetic field.MethodsThe coil is composed of a 16-channel self-decoupled loop transmit/receive array with a 112-loop receive-only (Rx) insert. Interactions between the outer transmitter and the inner 112Rx insert were mitigated using coaxial cable traps placed every 1/16 of a wavelength on each feed cable, locating most preamplifier boards outside the transmitter field and miniaturizing those placed directly on individual coils.ResultsThe 128-channel array described herein achieved 77% of ultimate intrinsic SNR in the center of the brain. Transmit field maps obtained experimentally on a phantom with and without the receive array were similar and matched EM simulations, leading to FDA approval for human imaging. Anatomical and functional data, including with power demanding sequences, were acquired successfully on human volunteers.ConclusionsCounterintuitive to expectations based on magnetic fields ≤7T, the higher channel counts provided SNR gains centrally, capturing ∼80% uiSNR. Fraction of uiSNR achieved centrally in 64Rx, 80Rx, and 128Rx arrays suggested that a plateau was being reached at 80%. At this plateau, linear to approximately quadratic B0dependent SNR gains for the periphery and the center, respectively, were observed for 10.5T relative 7T.
Avifauna composition in Rice plantations: effects of Harvesting Stage and Surrounding Vegetation. Insights from Weppa Farm, Agenebode
Authors: Ibrahim Ilyas , Antonio Benhilda , Tongken Damen , Clement Bethel , Bello Barnabas Sani , Ugomeh Othniel , Samuel Jemima Amos , Patrik Hassanatu , Dike Chukuma 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTRice plantations provide important habitats for diverse avian communities which support both resident and migratory species. These ecosystems serve as breeding grounds, provide foraging resources and temporary habitats for various bird species, including waterbirds, shorebirds, and passerines. This study was conducted in Weppa Farm (total farm size ∼13000 hector), Agenebode, Etsako East local government area in Edo State, Nigeria to investigate the avifauna compositions in pre-harvested and post-harvested rice plantations and the influence of surrounding vegetation on avian abundance. Four line transects were surveyed around the rice plantation. The transects were 400m long and split into 4, 100m sections. Surveys were done on the rice field before harvest (Unharvested), during harvest (partially harvested) and post-harvest (harvested). Surveys were done in the morning (7:00-9:00 GMT) and repeated in the evening (16:00-18:00 GMT). Vegetation parameters were measured at the beginning of each section of the transect. A total of 48 different bird species from 6 feeding guilds were recorded. Granivorous birds were the most abundant feeding guild (n=599). The Unharvested rice plantation had the highest abundance (n=1453), highest richness (r=37) but not diversity (H=5.18), partially harvested farm had the least abundance (n=592) and least diversity (H=4.95). The surrounding vegetations had a significant effect on bird abundance. Granivores mainly weavers were the most abundant species. The were mainly observed foraging and using weeds as nesting material. Insectivorous birds were the second must abundant species and could serve as biocontrol for arthropod invasions on the farm. Surrounding vegetation influences the abundance of birds in a rice plantation. There was high bird abundance in areas that had trees and shrubs nearby.
Viral vectors with cluster of differentiation gene promoters to target specific cell types in the brain
Authors: Uesaka Naofumi , Sekiguchi Mariko , Takeuchi Atsuya , Masumura Ryo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUnderstanding brain function and developing targeted therapies for neurological disorders require precise access to specific cell types, but current methods are limited. Here, we report the development of cell-type specific adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors utilizing promoters of cluster of differentiation genes (CD promoters) for targeted gene delivery in the brain. We newly identified CD promoters that induce gene expression selectively in specific cell types in the mouse brain. These AAVs enable in vivo calcium imaging and chemogenetic applications in specific cerebellar cells, revealing distinct and shared roles of two types of cerebellar interneurons. Notably, chemogenetic modulation of cerebellar molecular layer interneurons using a CD promoter rescued social behavior and motor deficits in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder. Our findings demonstrate the utility of these AAVs in elucidating the functions of individual cell types in brain function and in developing novel, cell-type specific therapies for brain diseases.