bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C Viruses among Blood Donors in Sulaimani Major Blood Bank for the Years 2006 and 2007: A Comparative Study
Authors: Hussein Ali 
Published: August 2017

Background: Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viral infections are a serious global public health
problem. The objective of this study was to verify the trend of HBV and HCV infections among blood
donors in Major Blood Bank of Sulaimani in the years 2006 and 2007. Patients and Methods: The study
analyzed the data of blood donors in Sulaimani city who donated blood at Major Blood Bank of
Sulaimani during the year 2006 and their correspondence in 2007. HBsAg status was determined by
using BIOELISA HBsAg TEST KIT and antibodies to HCV using BIOELISA Anti-HCV TEST KIT.
Samples repeatedly reactive for HBsAg or anti-HCV were considered positive for HBV or HCV infection
respectively. We set up a hypothesis that to be tested using Chi-Square test at 95% confidence level and
degree of freedom equal to one. Results: The overall seroprevalence of HBV infection among donors was
0.48% in 2006 and changed significantly in the next year to 0.25%, (P<0.05). The overall seroprevalence
of HCV among donors was 0.11% and did not changed significantly in the next year, (p > 0.05).
Significant decrease in HBsAg seroprevalence was particularly seen in non–first time donors in 2007, (p
< 0.05). All female donors were negative for HBV and HCV in both years. Conclusion: There are low
rates of both HBV and HCV infections among blood donors in 2006 and 2007, HCV is less
seroprevalence than HBV, and the decreased rate of HBV infection in 2007 than in 2006 indicates good
control of known risk factors. Also, factors that led to zero% of infection among female donors should be
clarified and followed.
Determination of Some Chemical Constitutes of Oak Plants (Quercus spp) in the Mountain Oak Forest of Sulaimani Governorate
Authors: Ghafour Noori , Aziz Hoshyar , Almolla Ra'ad 
Published: August 2017

In this research work some chemical constitutes of Oak species were evaluated as a natural products in
acorn, pericarp and cupules in the tree oak species (Quercus aegilops, Q. infectoria and Q. libani).
The plant sample was collected in Khamza location district of Sulaimani Governorate during October- November 2004.
The preliminary chemical detection for the composition in acorn, pericarp and cupules in each of the
three species showed the presence of flavonoid, alkaloid, glycosides, tannins, phenolic compounds, resins,
saponins, terpenes and steroid while the detection gave a negative results for alkaloids and saponins in acorn
of the three test oak species.
Total phenols conc. was determined by folin-cioculate method, while the total tannins were determined by
radical diffusion method after extraction by dissolving samples in acetone (70%). Results indicated the
existence of significant differences in total phenols and total tannins, conc. at 5% LSD among the fruit parts
and species, indicating that pericarp of Q. aegilops contain the highest conc. of total phenols and total
tannins, reaching (268.38 and 180.814 mg/g) respectively. Conc. of these compounds in cupules of Q.
infectoria were the lowest reaching (171.49 and 51.802 mg/g) respectively.
Ellagic acids were separated and determined using HPLC technique (high performance liquid
chromatography), column (BD-C-18) type and mobile phase (0.01 M potassium phosphate buffer, methanol
70:30 v/v) after extraction by methanol (80%). The acorn of Q. infectoria contained the highest conc. of
ellagic acid (5.168 mg/g) while cupules of Q. libani contained the lowest conc. of these compounds (1.310 mg/g).
Physical properties of SnO2: Co thin films prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis
Authors: Hateef Areej , Hassan Marwa , Sumoom Najim , Jameel Sabah 
Published: August 2017

In this research, Co-doped SnO2 thin films were prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis technique using SnCl4.5H2O and CoCl2.6H2O, with impurity percentage are (0%-3%-6%-9%) on glass substrates preheated at (450oC) with spray rate 5sec./1min, and thickness (400nm). The investigation of (XRD) indicates that the (SnO2) films are polycrystalline type of (tetragonal), the optical properties and band gap energy was observed and it`s found varied from (3.361-2.855 eV) when increasing in percentage impurity the energy band gap decreased. The Hall coefficient, concentration and mobility of charge carriers of SnO2:Co films studied, and their results observed that the increase in impurity of cobalt caused increase in electrical properties generally.
Effect of Planting Dates and Plant Spacing on Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Iraqi Kurdistan Region
Authors: Mahmood Hekmat 
Published: August 2017

A field study was conducted in spring of 2011, at Kanipanka and Bakrajo, in the province of Sulaimani to evaluate the impact of planting dates and spacing on growth and yield of oilseed sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), variety "Flame". The experiment comprised of three planting dates (March15th, 30th and April15th), and three-plant spacing (15, 20, and 25 cm). Seed yields obtained from earlier planting date and narrow plant spacing were significantly higher. The results also showed that the early planting date March15th has a significant positive effect on plant height, stem diameter, head size, and seed weight than the late planting date April15th as an average of both locations. The interaction between planting dates and plant spacing as an average of both locations, showed that March15th planting date and 25 cm plant spacing had significantly higher 1000 seed weight and seed weight per plant, while the highest seed yield gained by the interaction of March 15th and plant spacing 15cm. Percentage seed oil content collected as an average of both locations was significantly higher from plants with late planting date April 15th at 20 cm plant spacing. All the studied characters except seed oil percentage shows higher significant values at Kanipanka location due to the favorable agro- climatic condition compared to Bakrajo location.
Evaluation Of Rehabilitation / Construction Of Irrigation Projects In West Of Sulaimani City
Authors: Aziz Salahaddin , Qadir Kamal 
Published: August 2017

This study was conducted to assess agricultural and irrigation projects in some locations of Sulaimani governorate were abandoned and the expulsion of its inhabitants because of political circumstances and brought them together in other areas. After the collapse of the Baath regime in Iraq and formation of parliamentary system of rule, led to the return of these families to their fields and that the humanitarian organizations and international collaborators in the re-rehabilitation of irrigation projects and construction, In this study, 13 irrigation projects were selected and questionnaires have been distributed to the peasants, and also visited the departments of agricultural to obtain information about the reality of agricultural production.
The results showed, that the channels repaired by concrete led to minimization of evaporation and leakage of them have increased the quantity of irrigation water and for this reason the level of living of farmers was raised in terms of increased agricultural production. With regard to the size of the channels, the results showed that the size of channels was not enough to fulfill the amount of rainfall. Also most of the farmers were dependent on the cultivation of crops with a high value in the market. The results also showed that the lack of irrigation water in some projects was due to the lack of distribution channels and structures in some areas.
Pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Educação Física na Educação Infantil
Authors: Gomes Manoel dos Santos 
Published: August 2017

Este artigo é um estudo exploratório que utiliza a abordagem qualitativa, sendo seu delineamento bibliográfico/documental. As análises dos documentos e das bibliografias se pautaram na ADTO – análise do discurso teoricamente orientada, referenciada em Norman Fairclough (2001), na realidade, um método que utiliza a interpretação do discurso em três dimensões: como texto, como prática discursiva e como prática social. Os objetivos deste artigo foram: caracterizar quais são as abordagens que direcionam a organização do trabalho pedagógico dos profissionais que atuam nas Instituições de educação infantil (nomeadas como creches e pré-escolas, na LDBEN 9394/96) e demonstrar como estas abordagens influenciam e determinam a prática pedagógica do profissional que trabalha com o componente curricular educação física, nestes espaços.Palavras-chave: Educação Física. Educação Infantil. Abordagens MetodológicasTheoretical-methodological assumptions of Physical Education in Early Childhood EducationABSTRACTThis article is an exploratory study that uses the qualitative approach and its bibliographic/documentary design. The analyzes of the documents and bibliographies were based on the ADTO - analysis of the theoretically oriented discourse, referenced in Norman Fairclough (2001), in reality, a method that uses the interpretation of discourse in three dimensions: as text, as discursive practice and as social practice. The objectives of this article were: to characterize the approaches that guide the organization of the pedagogical work of professionals working in Child Education Institutions (named nurseries and preschools in LDBEN 9394/96) and demonstrate how these approaches influence and determine the pedagogical practice of the professional who works with the physical education curricular component in these spaces.Keywords: Physical Education. Child Education. Methodological ApproachesPresupuestos teórico-metodológicos de la Educación Física en la Educación InfantilRESUMENEste artículo es un estudio exploratorio que utiliza el abordaje cualitativo, siendo su delineamiento bibliográfico / documental. Los análisis de los documentos y de las bibliografías se pautaron en la ADTO – análisis del discurso teóricamente orientada, referenciada en Norman Fairclough (2001), en realidad, un método que utiliza la interpretación del discurso en tres dimensiones: como texto, como práctica discursiva y como práctica Social. Los objetivos de este artículo fueron: caracterizar caules son los enfoques que orientan la organización del trabajo pedagógico de los profesionales que actúan en las Instituciones de educación infantil (nombradas como guarderías y preescolares, en la LDBEN 9394/96) y demostrar cómo estos enfoques influencian y determinan la práctica pedagógica del profesional que trabaja con el componente curricular educación física, en estos espacios. Palabras clave: Educación Física. Educación Infantil. Enfoques Metodológicos
Homosexualidad latente en el cine del siglo XX = Homosexuality hidden on Cinema of the XX century
Authors: Sánchez del Pulgar Legido Rosa María 
Published: August 2017

Resumen. Desde el principio del siglo XX en los Estados Unidos y Europa, las personas vivían su homosexualidad a escondidas por temor a las leyes que la castigaban; el cine pues, les representa del mismo modo creando una subcultura en la que pueden ser ellos mismos.La cinematografía clásica y los años posteriores se componen de numerosos filmes cargados de representaciones homosexuales de manera oculta. Interpretados desde una lectura queer, conoceremos las mil maneras de sugerir a los gais y a las lesbianas en la gran pantalla, descubriendo así la verdadera condición sexual de muchos personajes.La modalidad latente sugiere la homosexualidad sin llegar a expresarla explícitamente. Los filmes se producían y leían en clave heterosexual, pero a lo largo de todo el largometraje hay un subtexto homosexual.Este estudio atiende a la presencia de personajes gais y lesbianas, principales o secundarios; en los que su homosexualidad es latente por imposición de la censura. A fin de lograr una reflexión crítica sobre sus características y evolución, se estudian también algunos ejemplos claves de representación semilatente y explícita.El objetivo principal es conocer las razones de la censura y responder a cómo se podía ofrecer un relato con componentes homosexuales sin que ésta se percatara. La intención es analizar el contenido de esos filmes, la evolución de los roles y los significados que se han vinculado a cada uno de ellos y encontrar las relaciones en el discurso latente.Palabras clave: homosexualidad, representación latente, cine, LGBTI, gay, lesbiana.Abstract. From the beginning of the XX century in the United States and Europe people lived their homosexuality hidden for fear of the laws that punished it. The cinema represents them in the same way by creating a subculture where homosexuals can be themselves.Classical cinematography and beyond are composed of numerous films loaded with homosexual representations hidden. Interpreted from a ‘queer’ reading we know the thousand ways of suggesting gays and lesbians on the big screen, exposing the true sexual condition of many characters. Latent homosexuality suggests mode without explicitly express it. The films were produced and read in straight key but throughout the film there is a homosexual subtext.Gay statements had to be clear enough but care enough to avoid arousing the suspicion of the censors whonsometimes omitted so many movie scenes that were lacking a logical narrative.It pays attention the presence of gays and lesbians, major or minor characters, which their latent homosexuality is imposing by censorship.The main objective is to understand the reasons of censorship and respond to how they could offer a story with homosexual components without noticing it. The intention is to analyze the content of these films, the evolution of the roles and the meanings have been linked to each of them and find relationships in the latent discourse.Keywords: homosexuality, latent representation, cinema, LGBTI, gay, lesbian.
Revelles-Benavente, Beatriz y González Ramos, Ana Mª (Eds.). Teaching Gender: Feminist Pedagogy and Responsibility in Times of Political Crisis
Authors: Sola García Marina 
Published: August 2017

Este artículo reseña: Revelles-Benavente, Beatriz y González Ramos, Ana Mª (Eds.). Teaching Gender: Feminist Pedagogy and Responsibility in Times of Political Crisis. London: Routledge, 2017, 204 p. [978-1-13-870123-6]
Stemless Shoulder Arthroplasty: Review of Early Clinical and Radiographic Results
Authors: Brolin Tyler J. , Cox Ryan M. , Abboud Joseph A. , Namdari Surena 
Published: August 2017

➢ Stemless anatomic and reverse shoulder arthroplasty designs have been shown to have equivalent short-term clinical outcomes compared with stemmed designs; however, to our knowledge, there have been no published long-term follow-up studies.➢ Radiographic results in the short-term follow-up period show a low prevalence of component loosening, stress shielding, or osteolysis.➢ Stemless arthroplasty requires an accurate humeral-head osteotomy to properly restore humeral anatomy because of the lack of a stem as a guide.➢ There is only 1 design approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) currently available, to our knowledge, but there are several ongoing Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) studies.
DINÂMICA DA PAISAGEM NA PRAIA DE VALHA-ME DEUS, CURURUPU-MA / LANDSCAPE DYNAMICS OF THE BEACH OF VALHA-ME DEUS IN CURURUPU – MA
Authors: Dias Costa Francisco Wendell 
Published: August 2017

Aborda-se a dinâmica da paisagem na área da Praia de Valha-me Deus, localizada no município de Cururupu, Estado do Maranhão. O estudo foi realizado com base na teoria geossistêmica, apoiada nos seguintes procedimentos metodológicos: levantamento e análise bibliográfica e cartográfica da área de estudo; trabalhos de campo para mensurações dos parâmetros climáticos e observações pautadas na dinâmica integrada da paisagem, envolvendo o comportamento dos agentes e processos morfogenéticos de origem: climática, oceanográfica, biótica e antrópica. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que a área possui formação sedimentar inconsolidada, constituída de areias quartzosas de granulometria fina a muito fina, submetida aos agentes e processos climáticos e oceanográficos que determinam: intensas alterações da morfologia, permitindo inferir o alto grau de vulnerabilidade da paisagem natural, apesar da mínima interferência do homem como agente morfogenético. As médias térmicas e velocidades do vento são maiores no período da estiagem em relação ao período chuvoso e a ação das ondas e correntes determina o padrão da morfodinâmica praial.
AS PRÁTICAS DE GEOGRAFIA ESCOLAR NA VISÃO SÓCIOCONSTRUTIVISTA: UMA ESTRATÉGIA DO ENSINO CENTRADO DO ALUNO / THE PRACTICES OF SCHOOL GEOGRAPHY IN THE SOCIO - CONSTRUCTIVIST VIEW: A STRATEGY OF STUDENT - CENTERED TEACHING
Authors: Mahumane Junior Albano Fernando 
Published: August 2017

Este artigo reflete sobre as práticas de geografia escolar baseando-se na teoria de aprendizagem no sócioconstrutivista. O mesmo sugere algumas práticas de geografia escolar no sentido se adequar ao que se pretende do aluno, partindo de diversas experiências tidas em pesquisas realizadas no GRUPEG (Grupo de Pesquisa em Ensino de Geografia) no sentido de analisar as práticas de ensino de Geografia em diferentes escolas secundárias na cidade de Maputo em Moçambique e que as mesmas (práticas) distanciam-se do que se recomenda em pedagogias e didáticas atuais. A reflexão sobre as práticas de geografia escolar na visão sócio – construtivista remeteu a questionar as estratégias metodológicas dos professores de geografia, I - será que elas se adequam ao que se pretende? E II- Como torna-las adequadas para responder os objectivos da geografia escolar? Para dar resposta a estas questões, fez-se um levantamento bibliográfico sobre as teorias de aprendizagem e as metodologias da geografia escolar. Assim, o estudo sugere que para responder os objetivos da geografia escolar é necessário colocar o aluno como centro da aprendizagem.
BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS URBANAS: QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA E CONFLITOS AMBIENTAIS NA CIDADE DE ILHÉUS – BA. / URBAN WHATERSHEDS: WATER QUALITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICTS IN THE CITY OF ILHÉUS – BA.
Authors: Spanghero Pedro Enrico Salamim Fonseca , Moreau Mauricio Santana , Macedo Samuel de Amaral 
Published: August 2017

As bacias hidrográficas são consideradas unidades sistêmicas ideais para a análise, o planejamento e a gestão ambiental em espaços rurais e urbanos. Os estudos qualitativos da água representam um instrumento valioso para a construção de indicadores ambient ais. Este artigo teve por objetivo analisar a relação do uso e ocupação do solo com a qualidade da água em sete subbacias de Ilhéus/BA, com diferentes níveis de densidade populacional. Foram utilizados os parâmetros de oxigênio dissolvido, pH, condutividade elétrica, temperatura da água, salinidade, sólidos totais dissolvidos no período de 20/01/2015 a 05/12/2015. Os parâmetros foram escolhidos devido à sua fácil realização em campo, baixo custo e pela importância dessas informações sobre a qualidade dos corpos hídricos. As sub-bacias apresentam a sua cobertura vegetal bem fragmentada, localizadas, em grande parte, em regiões declivosas e grande parte dos cursos d’água observados não possuem mata ciliar nas margens dos rios. Apenas a sub-bacia 2 apresenta uma relevante área com cobertura vegetal. Os resultados da qualidade da água enquadram as sub-bacias nas classes: II (utilização para o consumo humano após tratamento convencional); III (utilização para o consumo humano após tratamento convencional ou avançado); e IV (uso apenas para a navegação e à harmonia paisagística). Constataram-se grandes disparidades entre as bacias de alta e baixa ocupação urbana, devido às alterações dos resultados das análises dos parâmetros da água. Assim, percebe-se que uma alteração dos fatores físicos ou químicos, aliada à ação antrópica, compromete a qualidade da água para consumo humano, dentre outras atividades.
SEGURANÇA PÚBLICA EM PEQUENAS CIDADES DO NORTE DO PARANÁ / PUBLIC SECURITY IN SMALL TOWNS OF NORTHERN PARANA
Authors: Carnevalli Fernandes Pedro Henrique , Endlich Angela Maria 
Published: August 2017

O artigo contempla alguns aspectos da pesquisa realizada junto ao curso de doutorado do Programa de Pós-Graduação da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) e tem como objetivo abordar a segurança pública nas pequenas cidades do Norte do Estado do Paraná. Neste trabalho foram analisados os gastos municipais e as taxas de homicídios. Os procedimentos passam pelo levantamento bibliográfico e de dados secundários, sendo os gastos municipais pela base do Instituto Paranaense de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (Ipardes) e as taxas de homicídios construídas a partir do Datasus, pelo Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade (SIM), do Ministério da Saúde do Governo Federal. Os resultados comprovam a existência de ocorrências que geram insegurança em pequenas cidades. Apesar disso, foi observado pouco investimento público municipal com segurança pública, colaborando com a perspectiva de que o número de habitantes não define se a cidade é segura ou não para se viver.
Technology Update: Research Progresses on Improving Subsea Produced Water Measurement Sensors
Authors: Yang Ming 
Published: August 2017

Technology Update
Subsea separation and produced water reinjection (PWRI) or discharge comprise an integral part of the subsea processing strategy that can bring many benefits, including economic, operation-al, and environmental, for the oil and gas industry. The importance of subsea separation and PWRI to economics has been demonstrated through work done by Statoil, which installed the world’s first full-scale subsea separation system at its Tordis field in the North Sea.
Statoil estimated that the system’s installation would enable the company to achieve an additional total field oil recovery of 6%, which is equivalent to an extra 26 million bbl of oil. At a price of USD 50/bbl, this would lead to more than USD 1 billion of extra revenue.
Continuous Measurement
The most economic means of implementing subsea separation and PWRI or discharge operations is to use continuous online subsea water-quality measurement devices.
The alternative of using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to extract and deliver produced water samples to the surface for offline analysis has been estimated by the Research Partnership to Secure Energy for America (RPSEA) to cost as much as USD 250,000 per day. It is also time consuming, and the processing conditions could change before the results are obtained.
However, few subsea online continuous monitoring devices exist for measuring produced water quality. But there are moves within the industry to address this problem, given the enabling status that the technology holds for deepwater/ultradeepwater and marginal field development.
A number of joint industry projects (JIPs) and other initiatives have been launched globally and have made progress in developing technical specifications, identifying possible technologies, and assessing the performance of potential sensors under laboratory and field (at surface) conditions.
Technical Specifications
The most obvious consideration is that subsea separation and PWRI or discharge require online monitors to operate reliably and accurately at a water depth of up to 9,850 ft, which brings the additional challenge of operation at high temperatures and pressures.
Depending upon the type of operations, there are also differences in the technical requirements. For subsea discharges, the focus will be on the measurement of oil-in-water, while for reinjection, the emphasis will be on the measurement of solids and oil for concentration and particle size.