bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Erythropoietin Stimulating Agent’s Responsiveness and Associated Factors in Hemodialysis Patients with Anemia
Authors: Alzubaidy Salar Ahmed , Mohammed Mohammed Mahmood , Malik Arif Sami 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients often develop erythropoietin-deficient anemia. Erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESAs) are the conventional treatment for CKD anemia, but patient responses vary. About 10%–15% of erythropoietin-treated patients may not respond, thus identifying hyporesponsiveness causes may help overcome resistance.

Objective:
This study is designed to evaluate ESA therapy’s responsiveness and to identify possible contributing factors for ESA resistance.

Materials and Methods:
This observational cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2022 and February 2023 comprised 150 CKD and patients with anemia in a multicenter dialysis unit. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were obtained. The weekly body-weight-adjusted ESA dose divided by hemoglobin concentration is calculated as the erythropoietin resistance index (ERI). ERI values of 5 (responsive), 5–15 (hyporesponsive), and >15 (resistant).

Results:
A total of 150 patients were enrolled among whom 86 (57.3%) were males with a mean age 51.6 ± 14.9 years. Regarding responses of the patients to ESA, 81 patients (54%) were hyporesponsive, 66 patients (44%) were resistanct and 3 patients (2%) were responsive. There was a significant difference in response according to age, body mass index (BMI), and the presence of co-existing diseases among study groups. Phosphate level was directly associated with the presence of resistance. ERI was positively correlated with dialysis frequency, ESA dose, serum iron, and transferrin saturation.

Conclusion:
According to the findings of this study, many factors can influence response levels in patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis based on ERI (age, BMI, presence of co-existing diseases, serum phosphorus, serum iron, and transferrin saturation).
Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Roles in the Biomedical Field: A Review
Authors: Al-Gburi Nawres , Al-Hassnawi Alaa , Al-Bayati Lubna Abdulazeem 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Developing novel antibiotics, traditional pharmaceuticals, and chemically altered drugs addresses medical concerns and underscores the need for sustained and productive implementation of metallic nanotechnology across various domains. Nanoparticles (NPs) present a range of advantages over bulk particles due to their targeting capabilities, wound repair characteristics, capacity for biocomposite preparation, and potential as a gene and drug delivery system. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have garnered significant interest among researchers as a result of their exceptional conductivity, chemical stability, catalytic behavior, and antimicrobial properties compared with other metal NPs. This study aims to provide a basic understanding of AgNPs and their functions in biomedical research.
Effects of Remdesivir (GS-5734) on Anti-Müllerian Hormone Level and Ovarian Tissues Morphology in Experimental Female Rats
Authors: Aziz Zainab Waleed , Altutunji Amina Zakaria , Husain Enas Osama 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Remdesivir (GS-5734), an antiviral drug, recommended for the management of pandemic COVID-19 patients. This emergency medicine has not been fully investigated for its possible adverse effects on female reproductive capacity.

Objective:
To investigate the effects of remdesivir on the reproductive function through biochemical and morphological evaluation of ovaries, and to assess the conception outcomes and pups physical development in albino rat model study.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 24 adult female rats were equally divided into two groups. Experimental group was given a dose of 5 mg/kg of remdesivir intra-peritoneally for 10 consecutive days at intervals of 24 h. One day after treatment, half of rats (IIA) were weighted and sacrificed. The remaining rats (IIB) were housed with male. Following parturition, the weight of mothers and pups were measured, and the indices of physical development of nursing pups were recorded. Later, mothers were scarified on day 60 from last exposure. During the experiment, serum levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) was measured and the ovaries were subjected to morphologic and morphometric assessments. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 2.0 for statistically significant difference.

Results:
The mean concentration of AMH for the control group and the experimental groups (IIA) and (IIB) was 4.276 ± 1.582, 1.818 ± 1.554, and 3.339 ± 1.219 ng/mL, respectively. The IIA group had the lowest AMH level. There was slight recovery in the AMH level in experimental group IIB. The mean count of atretic follicles and corpus lutea was significantly different in experimental group IIA, with P-values of 0.041 and 0.033, respectively. The indices of physical development of nursing pups were significantly low (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion:
Remdesivir could produce an intermittent reproductive disruption shortly after administration manifested by transient decline in ovarian reserve. Therefore, more attention should be paid to when this medicine is prescribed for women, especially for reproductive-aged women seeking for near-future pregnancy.
Retrospective Analysis of Etiology, Pattern, and Determinants of Pediatric Maxillofacial Injuries
Authors: Kuye Olasunkanmi F. , Aborisade Adetayo O. , Njokanma Azuka Raphael , Omotuyole Aderinsola S. , Alonge Moradeke , Idowu Bolaji S. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context:
Children sustain facial skeletal and soft-tissue injuries, which are often seen in the preschool age; however, severe facial injuries involving facial bones occur in ages above 11 years. There have been several postulated reasons for the reduction in the incidence of skeletal fractures in children. These include sutural pliability of pediatric facial bones, increased subcutaneous fat, and a greater ratio of cranial to facial bones.

Aims:
The study aimed to report our institutional experience of the pattern of presentation in pediatric maxillofacial trauma and report its main etiologies.

Methods and Materials:
Clinical and demographic information was retrieved from the maxillofacial registers, day clinics, and pathology registers. The etiology of the trauma and associated injuries were also noted.

Statistical Analysis:
Descriptive statistics were performed on demographic variables such as age, gender, and location of trauma. Categorical variables were analyzed in frequencies and proportions. Association analyses across variables were done using student t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson’s Chi-square after normality test had been conducted. Dunn’s test and Tukey’s post-hoc analysis were conducted after significant observations.

Results:
The mean age observed in the study was 7.3 years ± 5.3 SD (range: 2.6 months–16 years). There was a slight male predilection with 58.6%. Falls were the most common etiology in the ≤5-years group. RTC accounted for most injuries in children above 11 years. Soft-tissue-only injuries were observed in 51.4% of all cases. In facial bone fractures, mandibular fractures accounted for 40% of all cases.

Conclusion:
Male children experienced the greatest impact from maxillofacial trauma. The primary factor contributing to this was falls among preschool children. Soft-tissue injuries were found to be more prevalent among preschool children, whereas the incidence of facial fractures increased as age advanced.
Preventive and Therapeutic Adjunctive Roles of Immune Optimization on Inflammatory and Infectious Diseases: A Mini Review
Authors: Okafor Michael T. , Ghasi Samuel I. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Inflammatory and infectious diseases encompass a wide array of pathologic processes underscored by inflammatory immune dysfunction and infections. They are commonly caused by immuno-toxic lifestyle habits (poor diet, inadequate sleep, lack of exercise) and infectious agents. Management of the disease spectrum is challenging. Immune dysfunction enhances their pathogenesis and clinical symptoms. Hence, immune optimization interventions are useful for their prevention and management. T-cell dysfunction disease mediating models describing inflammatory and infective disease processes underlying inflammatory and infectious diseases exist. However, they do not highlight inflammatory and infective dysfunctional processes underlying the diseases concerning toxin-mediated epigenetic T-cell dysfunction. Online searches were conducted on databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Biomed Central, and SciELO. Articles were reviewed using keywords such as Immune optimization/dysfunction, T lymphocyte activation/dysfunction, cytokines, inflammatory/infectious pathogenesis, therapeutic adjunct, and disease prevention. There is a putative T cell toxin-mediated dysfunction disease model for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases (IMIDs), which may apply to inflammatory and infectious diseases. The putative disease model may highlight the actual inflammatory/infective immune dysfunctional processes underlying T cell disease mediation in inflammatory and infectious diseases. We proposed putative inflammatory and infectious disease models that highlight inflammatory and infectious dysfunctional processes underlying T cell dysfunction disease mediation which may be validated by multi-omic studies. Validation of the putative disease models using inflammatory and infective heart diseases as classic examples should pave the way for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammatory and infectious diseases. Insights from these putative disease models can guide effective interventions.
Endoscopic-Assisted Balloon Dilatation of Eustachian Tube—Preliminary Report from a Tertiary Hospital in Northwestern Nigeria
Authors: Jibril Yasir Nuhu , Sa’idu Mustapha , Bello-Muhammad Nafisatu , Adamu Auwalu , Abdullahi Hamisu , Salisu Abubakar Danjuma 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context:
Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) results from failure of the Eustachian tube (ET) to ventilate the middle ear adequately. It is responsible for most cases of persistent middle ear disease. Management of ETD is classically conservative and limited to medical therapy. Surgery is usually reserved for cases that fail medical treatment. Recently, endoscopic balloon dilation of the cartilaginous ET has shown encouraging results and appears effective, safe, well tolerated, and affordable.

Aims:
To present a preliminary report of Endoscopic balloon dilatation of Chronic ETD in a tertiary hospital.

Settings and Design:
A retrospective study involving 5 patients with chronic ETD who had endoscopic-assisted balloon dilatation of the ET in a tertiary hospital.

Materials and Methods:
The patients’ records were retrieved, and relevant data were extracted. All patients had completed an otorhinolaryngological examination and tympanometry.

Statistical Analysis:
The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.

Results:
There was a symptomatic improvement in four patients (7 ETs) at 2 weeks post-operative review. No improvement was seen in one patient (2 ETs). Similarly, the result of tympanometry at 6 weeks follow-up showed a change in tympanogram from type-C to type-A in two patients and from type-B to type-C in one patient. There was persistence of type-C in one patient and type-B in one patient.

Conclusion:
Although findings from our experience showed mixed results, endoscopic-assisted balloon dilatation of ET is feasible and can be used as an option in managing patients with ETD in our environment.
Under Pressure: A Case of Developmental Glaucoma and Congenital Glaucoma in Sturge–Weber Syndrome
Authors: Kalaiselvi B , Ganesan Vidhubala , Sheela S , Ravi Prashanth Peta 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Sturge–Weber syndrome (SWS), also known as encephalo-trigeminal angiomatosis, is a sporadic, congenital neurocutaneous disorder. It is characterized by capillary malformation affecting the brain, meninges, eyes, and skin. The ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular distributions of the trigeminal nerve are involved. Eye involvement with vascular malformation produces glaucoma and can lead to vision loss. Here, we present a rare case of SWS with port-wine stain, painful vision loss in left eye, and open-angle glaucoma in the other eye of the same patient. The painful blind eye was treated with cyclocryotherapy with successful control of intraocular pressure.
Bilateral Subretinal Fluid Accumulation during Erdafitinib Therapy
Authors: Singh Rajneesh , Bagrecha Nipun , Pandey Suresh K. , Chabblani Deepesh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) plays a major role in maintaining retinal pigment epithelium cells. Drugs that inhibit the FGFR pathway block the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, leading to the synthesis of antiapoptotic proteins and secondary subretinal fluid accumulation. Erdafitinib, a potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) is one such antitumour drug that has shown significant efficacy in patients with urothelial carcinoma with FGFR alterations. We present a case report demonstrating the bilateral subretinal fluid accumulation due to erdafitinib.
Work Profile and Risk Factors of Presenile Cataract in the South Indian Population: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Sundaresan Sharmila , Sharmila B , Elangovan Suma , Chelliah Ramya , Senthamarai G 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
The percentage of cataract in the working population in the age group of less than 50 years is on the rise. This study was done to assess the work profile and identify the modifiable risk factors for presenile cataract.

Methods:
Patients in the age group of 20–50 years presenting to the Out-Patient Department of Ophthalmology with presenile cataracts were recruited as cases. Controls were age-matched patients without cataract. All details were collected using a questionnaire. A complete ocular examination and blood investigation were done. For normally distributed continuous data, for differences between the two groups, the Student’s t test was used, as was the Wilcoxon rank sum test for non-normal data and the Chi-square test for categorical variables. To look for an association between cataract and the risk factors, logistic regression was done, and the results were reported as the odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, and P value.

Results:
Seventy-five cases and 75 controls were recruited for the study after informed consent. The odds of developing presenile cataract were eight times higher for blue-collar workers, with an odds ratio of 8.154 (P < 0.001). 52% were of lower socio-economic status in cases compared to 34% of controls (P 0.04). Underweight was a risk factor for presenile cataract, with an odds ratio of 28.064. (P 0.02).

Conclusions:
Blue-collar workers, people belonging to lower socio-economic status, and underweight were risk factors for presenile cataract in the current study. We recommend a periodic screening of cataracts in occupational health centres for all blue-collar workers. Measures to improve the general health of the presenile population need to be taken, which will also address the risk factors for presenile cataracts.
Exploring Head-Mounted Virtual Visual Fields for Glaucoma: How do They Stack Up Against Humphrey Tests?
Authors: Sethi Sahebaan , Pocari Gjergji 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The integration of virtual reality (VR) technology into visual field (VF) testing has introduced innovative head-mounted perimetry devices, which offer numerous advantages over traditional methods. This review examines the features, accuracy, and reliability of commercially available head-mounted VR perimeters and compares them with the gold standard, the Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer (HFA). While traditional devices like the HFA and Goldmann Perimeter have been reliable for glaucoma management, they are limited by fixed testing environments, long testing durations, and high costs. VR-based perimetry addresses these limitations by providing portable, cost-effective, and engaging testing environments that can be conducted in various settings, including patients’ homes. Head-mounted displays (HMDs) equipped with high-resolution screens, motion sensors, and eye-tracking technology create an immersive testing experience that minimizes distractions and external light interference, potentially enhancing test accuracy. These devices also offer customizable testing protocols, improving patient comfort and compliance, especially among children and elderly patients. However, concerns remain about the reproducibility and accuracy of VR perimetry compared to established standards. Variability among VR platforms and the lack of large normative databases for visual fields pose challenges to their widespread adoption. This review highlights the need for further validation studies and the development of standardized testing protocols to ensure the reliability and accuracy of VR perimetry. Despite these challenges, the flexibility, reduced testing times, and potential for telemedicine applications make VR head-mounted perimetry a promising tool for improving glaucoma management and expanding access to VF testing in diverse clinical environments.
Regular models of modular curves in prime level over $\mathbb{Z}_{p}^{\mathrm{ur}}$
Authors: Edixhoven Bas , Parent Pierre 
Published: September 2024

We give regular models for modular curves associated with (normalizer of) split and non-split Cartan subgroups of

\operatorname{GL}_{2}(\mathbb{F}_{p})

(for

p

any prime). We then compute the group of connected components of the fiber at

p

of the Néron model of their Jacobians.
KOLABORASI CLASSCRAFT DAN BING IMAGE CREATOR (AI) SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Saroh Siti , Nurhamidah Didah 
Published: September 2024

Pada penelitian ini, penulis bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan terkait kolaborasi Classcraft dengan Bing Image Creator (AI) sebagai media pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan penjabaran analisis secara deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan data berupa pendapat dan tanggapan 20 mahasiswa UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi dan pengisian kuesioner yang telah disediakan oleh peneliti. Pengisian kuesioner dilakukan secara online melalui Google Form, yang disebarkan melalui platform WhatsApp. Kemudian, data yang terkumpul dianalisis berdasarkan hasil diagram yang menunjukkan persentase. Hasil dari penelitian ditemukan bahwa terdapat beberapa mahasiswa yang masih belum mengetahui media pembelajaran Classcraft dan Bing Image Creator (AI). Namun, mahasiswa setuju bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis game dapat menciptakan kelas yang menarik dan interaktif, terutama dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dalam materi puisi.AbstractIn this research, the author aims to describe the collaboration between Classcraft and Bing Image Creator (AI) as a medium for learning the Indonesian language. This research employs a qualitative method with descriptive analysis. The data consists of opinions and responses from 20 students of UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, majoring in Indonesian Language and Literature Education. The data collection techniques involve observation and the completion of questionnaires provided by the researcher. The questionnaires were filled out online via Google Forms and distributed through the WhatsApp platform. Subsequently, the collected data were analyzed based on the results presented in diagrams showing percentages. The findings of the study revealed that some students were still unaware of the learning media Classcraft and Bing Image Creator (AI). However, the students agreed that game-based learning media can create an engaging and interactive classroom, especially in teaching the Indonesian language with a focus on poetry.
Konstruksi Budaya Minoritas Anti Speaker Desa Cibalung, Cijeruk, Kabupaten Bogor (Dilihat Dari Pengaruh Puritanism Islam)
Authors: Pudjo Hartono Sulistyo 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini mengevaluasi pembentukan budaya minoritas anti-speaker di Desa Cibalung, Cijeruk, Kabupaten Bogor yang dipengaruhi oleh puritanisme Islam di kawasan tersebut. Dengan capaian kualitatif dan metode penetnografi, penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana mempertahankan nilai-nilai agama dan kebiasaan lokal terutama dalam menetapkan identitas kolektif unik komunitas tersebut. Penelitian tersebut menjabarkan keterlibatan tokoh kunci, proses pembangunan budaya anti speaker dalam masyarakat, dan dampaknya pada hubungan komunitas. Sambil menggunakan kerangka teoretis dari Pierre Bourdieu, penelitian ini meneliti proses habitus identitas kolektif yang meliputi dinamika kekuasaan, serta modal dan mode kolektifitas sebagai kekuatan publik. Penelitian ini juga mengamati bagaimana resistensi komunitas anti-speaker dalam menavigasi tantangan modernitas dan mengkendalikan identitas mereka ketika melintasi batas negara bahkan di era globlisasi. Wawancara mendalam, pengamatan partisipatif, dan analisis dokumen diharapkan menghasilkan kajian mendalam tentang pembentukan budaya minoritas dan resistensi terhadap perkembangan modernisasi dan globalisasi
Effect of Yonidhavan on Different Gynaecological Diseases - A Retrospective Study
Authors: Geeta Patki  , Rijuta Patil  
Published: September 2024

Gynecological diseases are increasing day by day. Among all, female genital infections bear a major component. It carries the specific attention of underlying diseases such as vaginitis, cervical erosions PIDs, to malignancies. Ayurveda highlights these disorders under Yonivyapadas. Classics have highlighted 20 types of Yonivypadas where pathogenesis takes place in genital areas. Local treatments such as Yonidhavan, Picu, Varti are described for the same. Yonidhavan refers to drug delivery through genital areas. The medicated fluid of Yonidhavan helps to clean genital areas, reduce inflammation and help to regrowth healthy tissue. Understanding these, a retrospective study on the effect of Yonidhavan with Panchawalkal Kwath for a sample of 100 patients was done for 1 year. Analysis of the symptoms as well as the result, with clinical evidence and statistical evaluation, proved that overall Yonidhavan gave excellent outcomes in 94.9% patients in relieving the symptoms. The therapy proved to be promising on criteria such as per vaginal discharge (Srava), tenderness (Sparasahatwa), and tissue swelling (Shoph). It proved most significant on per vaginal profuse discharge (96.5%) and tenderness (Sparasahatwa) (74.3%). The study revealed that no recurrence of the symptoms was noticed after one year in 73% of the patients. Twenty-two percent of patients showed recurrence of symptoms in one year. The use of Panchawalkal Yonidhavan not only gave symptomatic relief but helped to cure Yonivypadas. Yonidhavan proved helpful, economical, and accessible Ayurvedic treatment.