bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ARistotle. On Sleep and WaKing (A TRanslation and Notes)
Authors: Месяц Светлана Викторовна 
Published: September 2024

Трактат Аристотеля О сне и бодрствовании () входит в число малых психологических сочинений философа, традиционно объединяемых в сборник под названием . Основную тему трактата составляет поиск развернутого определения сна, включающего в себя указание на формальную, материальную, целевую и действующую причины этого состояния. Аристотель спрашивает, что такое сон, каково его назначение, состоянием какой части тела и души он является и какие причины отвечают за его возникновение. Проведенное исследование позволяет философу установить, что сон представляет собой временное прекращение ощущения, вызванное неспособностью главного органа чувств осуществлять естественную для него деятельность; что причиной сна является периодическое вытеснение тепла из верхней части тела в малую область сердца под давлением стекающих вниз тяжелых и влажных испарений; а целью и назначением - отдых, без которого животное не могло бы продолжать бодрствовать. Предлагаемый читателю первый перевод трактата на русский язык снабжен подробными комментариями, в которых анализируется ход рассуждения Аристотеля, раскрывается содержание основных понятий его учения о душе и обсуждаются отдельные сложные места этого сочинения.
Aristotle’s treatise () belongs to the series of short psychological works of the philosopher traditionally grouped together under the title . Considering sleep as one of the most important vital functions in which both soul and body share, Aristotle seeks a definition of sleep that would indicate not only its essential form and goal, but also its material and efficient causes. In order to define sleep in terms of his theory of four causes, Aristotle considers what it is, what its purpose is, in which part of the body and soul it takes place, and what agent brings it about. In the course of the study it becomes clear that sleep consists in a temporary inactivity of senses caused by the incapacity of the primary sense-organ to carry out its natural activity. The inability of this organ is in its turn due to the periodic displacement of the natural heat from the upper part of the body into the small region of the heart under the pressure of heavy and moist vapors flowing down. And the final cause of sleep is to give rest to the senses so that the animal can stay awake. This publication of the first Russian translation of Aristotle’s treatise is provided with detailed commentary, which analyzes the course of Aristotle’s argument, explains basic concepts of his doctrine of the soul and discusses the most challenging passages.
The Metamorphosis Goliae Episcopi (Text, Translation, and Notes)
Authors: Гараджа Алексей Викторович 
Published: September 2024

В публикации представлены текст и комментированный русский перевод «голиардской» поэмы xii века «Метаморфоза епископа Голиафа», приписываемой перу Уолтера Мапа (1130 – ок. 1210), придворного английского короля Генриха II, но в действительности написанной кем-то из учеников либо последователей Петра Абеляра (ок. 1079 – 1142) вскоре после осуждения философа на соборе в Сансе (1141) под давлением Бернарда Клервосского (1090–1153). Первая половина xii века ознаменована возрождением интереса к платоновской философии и к академическим — университетским — формам организации научной деятельности. Вместе с тем это время проведения Григорианских реформ в католической церкви, важным моментом которых было насаждение целибата среди священнослужителей, закрепленного Вторым Латеранским собором (1139). Но именно клирики занимались наукой и преподаванием в школах, создававшихся при культовых центрах. Отсюда коллизия между ученостью и любовью — полноценной и полнокровной, за которую Абеляр был наказан особенно жестоко. Автор поэмы старается показать, что любовь и ученость должны не противопоставляться и разлучаться, а подпитывать и дополнять друг друга. Естественным образцом берется при этом «Бракосочетание Филологии и Меркурия» Марциана Капеллы (fl. ок. 410–420). «Метаморфоза» подразумевает, по-видимому, осуществление именно такого проекта сочетания любви и науки в пику церковному мракобесию. Перевод выполнен по изданию Уинтропа Уэзерби (2017).
The publication presents the text and a commented Russian translation of the xii-century Goliardic poem , wrongly attributed to Walter Mapes (1130 – ок. 1210), a courtier of King Henry II of England, but in reality written by a student or champion of Peter Abelard (c. 1079 – 1142) soon after the philosopher’s condemnation at the Council of Sens (1141) executed under the pressure of Bernard of Clairvaux (1090–1153). The first half of the xii century is marked by the renascent interest for the Platonic philosophy, and for academic or “universitarian” forms of organization of scholarly activities. At the same time, it was the epoch of Gregorian reforms within the Catholic Church, including, as an important point, the imposition of celibacy among the clergy, which had been prescribed by the Second Lateran Council (1139). But it was precisely the clerics who learned and taught at the schools that were created at various ecclectical centers, cathedrals and abbeys. Hence a collision between learning and love, a full-fledged and full-blown love, for which Abelard had been punished with an especial cruelty. The author of the poem attempts to show that love and learning are not to be opposed and separated, but on the contrary, are supposed to nourish and complement each other. The obvious model is supplied by by Martianus Capella (fl. c. 410–420). The “metamorphosis” apparently intends an implementation of such a purported mating of love and scholarship against ecclesiastical monastic obscurantism. The translation is based on Winthrop Wetherbee’s edition of the text (2017).
Relationships between Running Biomechanics, Hip Muscle Strength, and Running-Related Injury in Female Collegiate Cross-country Runners
Authors: Venable Elena N. , Seynaeve Lily A. , Beale Scott T. , Gamez Jr. Albert , Domingo Antoinette , Rosenthal Michael D. , Rauh Mitchell J. 
Published: September 2024

Background Female collegiate cross-country (XC) runners have a high incidence of running-related injury (RRI). Limited reports are available that have examined potential intrinsic factors that may increase RRI risk in this population. Purpose To examine the relationships between RRI, hip muscle strength, and lower extremity running kinematics in female collegiate XC runners. Study Design Prospective observational cohort. Methods Participants included twenty female NCAA collegiate XC runners from Southern California universities who competed in the 2019-20 intercollegiate season. A pre-season questionnaire was used to gather demographic information. Hip muscle strength was measured with isokinetic dynamometry in a sidelying open-chain position and normalized by the runner’s body weight (kg). Running kinematic variables were examined using Qualisys 3D Motion Capture and Visual 3D analysis. RRI occurrence was obtained via post-season questionnaires. Independent t-tests were used to determine mean differences between injured and non-injured runners for hip abductor muscle strength and selected running kinematics. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to examine relationships between hip muscle performance and kinematic variables. Results End-of-the-season RRI information was gathered from 19 of the 20 participants. During the 2019-20 XC season, 57.9% (11 of 19) of the runners sustained an RRI. There were no significant differences between mean hip abductor normalized muscle strength (p=0.76) or mean normalized hip muscle strength asymmetry (p=0.18) of injured and non-injured runners during the XC season. Similarly, no significant differences were found between mean values of selected kinematic variables of runners who did and who did not report an RRI. Moderate relationships were found between hip abductor strength variables and right knee adduction at footstrike (r=0.50), maximum right knee adduction during stance (r=0.55), left supination at footstrike (r=0.48), right peak pronation during stance (r=-0.47), left supination at footstrike (r=0.51), and right peak pronation during stance (r=-0.54) (all p≤0.05). Conclusions Hip abduction muscle strength, hip abduction strength asymmetry, and selected running kinematic variables were not associated with elevated risk of RRI in female collegiate XC runners. Level of Evidence 1. 2.
The Role of the Employment Service in Reducing the Number of Unemployed in the City of Makassar
Authors: Sakawati Herlina , Alfikri Wirdianul , Sulmiah Sulmiah 
Published: September 2024

Makassar City is still the area with the highest unemployment rate in South Sulawesi. One of the reasons is that the number of workforce and the number of jobs available are not yet able to accommodate the workforce in Makassar City. This research aims to determine the role of the Manpower Office in reducing unemployment in Makassar City. The study uses a qualitative approach and produces descriptive data. Data collection is carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data is analyzed using qualitative analysis.The research findings indicate the role of the Manpower Office in reducing unemployment in Makassar. Based on Suharto's five dimensions of roles, namely: Policy Role, Strategy Role, Communication Tool Role, Conflict Resolution Tool Role, and Therapy Role. From the research results, in the Policy Role, the Manpower Office implements programs such as Jobfair, Pre-Employment Card, and training in collaboration with educational institutions. In the Strategy Role, the Manpower Office has increased public participation, especially through Job Fair and social media. In the Communication Tool Role, the Manpower Office provides information through social media and websites, as well as accepts criticism and suggestions from the public. In the Conflict Resolution Tool Role, the Manpower Office responds to unemployment with training, placement, and entrepreneurial support. In the Therapy Role, the Manpower Office provides motivation and training to job seekers, emphasizing individual responsibility. Future research recommendations include focused policy development, strategy evaluation, improved information access, and mediation service development
Implementation of Smart Indonesia Card (KIP) Policy in Poverty Alleviation in Maros Regency
Authors: Aslinda Andi , Kalsum Umi , Nur Andi Cudai 
Published: September 2024

This study aims to determine the implementation of local government policies in poverty reduction in Maros Regency through the Smart Indonesia Card (KIP). This research uses a qualitative approach and produces descriptive data. Data collection is done by observation, interviews and documentation. Data is processed using interactive model analysis, namely data condensation, data presentation and conclusion testing. The focus of this research is based on the policy implementation model proposed by George C Edward III. 4 (four) variables that affect policy implementation, namely communication, resources, disposition and bureaucratic structure. Based on the results of the research obtained, it can be concluded that the Maros Regency Social Office has implemented and implemented the Smart Indonesia Card (KIP) policy as an effort to overcome poverty in Maros Regency. To measure the implementation using four indicators, namely 1). Communication, Communication is considered very important in policy implementation, in the context of communication there are three things that are considered, namely a) Information, regarding the implementation of the KIP policy has been made by the government as the President's flagship program in overcoming poverty in Maros Regency through the transmission of delegations given through the Regent of Maros to the Social Service, b) Clarity, communication received by KIP implementers must be clear and not confusing. c) Consistently, Maros district social service employees must be consistent in implementing the KIP smart Indonesia card policy. 2) Resources, sources that support effective policies, namely a) staff, employees who handle KIP participants are still lacking, b) information, employees in the Maros Regency Social Service must know what to do in the future through information submitted by superiors, c) the authority runs through the Maros Regency Social Service Government in terms of implementing the KIP smart Indonesia Card policy. d) facilities, advice and infrastructure in the Maros Regency Social Office, especially in the Smart Indonesia Card policy program, the KIP still lacks supporting facilities in carrying out duties, 3) Disposition, has been carried out well by the government and stakeholders as evidenced by various kinds of support and supervision.4) bureaucratic structure, factors that have an influence on the policy implementation process, namely a) bureaucratic structure, The existing structure in the Maros Regency Social Office has been made based on the main duties and functions of each, b) Standard Operating SOP procedures, the Maros Regency Social Office already has clear SOPs and clear organizational structures as well.
ADAPTASI GURU DALAM MENERAPKAN KURIKULUM MERDEKA DI UPT SPF SMP NEGERI 40 MAKASSAR
Authors: Ropu Muh. Homsur Homang 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui 1) adaptasi guru dalam menerapkan kurikulum merdeka DI UPT SPF SMP Negeri 40 Makassar dan 2) hambatan dalam adaptasi kurikulum merdeka di UPT SPF SMP Negeri 40 Makassar. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dan pendekatan Studi Kasus, Jumlah Informan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 8 orang guru yang ditentukan melalui purposive Sampling dengan kriteria guru yaitu: 1) Guru yang yang saat ini mengajar di UPT SPF SMP Negeri 40 Makassar dan 2) Guru yang telah menerapkan 2 kurikulum (Kurikulum merdeka dan K13). Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Pemeriksaan keabsahan data dilakukan dengan member check. Analisis data yaitu kondensasi data, Penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Adaptasi guru dalam menerapkan kurikulum merdeka di UPT SPF SMP Negeri 40 Makassar terdiri dari beberapa yaitu a) beradaptasi terhadap perubahan RPP ke Modul Ajar, b) adaptasi terhadap perubahan sistem penilaian, c) adaptasi terhadap perubahan waktu mengajar dan d) adaptasi terhadap pembelajaran baru P5 2) Faktor Penghambat guru dalam proses adaptasi kurikulum merdeka di UPT SPF SMP Negeri 40 Makassar yaitu a) Kurangnya Pemahaman Guru terhadap kurikulum merdeka, b) Kurangnya konsistensi dari siswa,dan c) Sarana dan prasarana yang kurang memadai.
Dampak Hamil Pranikah Pada Remaja Di Kelurahan Lantora Kecamatan Polewali Kabupaten Polewali Mandar
Authors: Azizah Nurainun , Arifin Zainal 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) Dampak sosial remaja hamil pranikah di Kelurahan Lantora Kecamatan Polewali Kabupaten Polewali Mandar 2) Dampak psikologis remaja hamil pranikah di Kelurahan Lantora Kecamatan Polewali Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Pendekatan dan jenis penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Jumlah informan sebanyak 11 orang yang ditentukan melalui purposive random sampling dengan kriteria informan remaja hamil pranikah dan orangtua remaja hamil pranikah. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Pengecekan keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi. Teknik analisis data meliputi kondensasi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Dampak sosial hamil pranikah pada remaja di Kelurahan Lanro Kecamatan Polewali Kabupaten Polewali Mandar yaitu, a) keterbatasan bergaul dan b) menjauh dari keluarga 2) Dampak psikologis remaja hamil pranikah di Kelurahan Lanro Kecamatan Polewali Kabupaten Polewali Mandar yaitu, a) perasaan takut, b) perasaan malu, dan c) ketidaksiapan mental.
INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON BOTH BUSINESSES, SOCIETY'S DYNAMICS AND INTERACTION: THE SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: N Vijayalakshmi , S. J. Shylendra Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Technology has a significant impact on various aspects of our life, and the Internet is rapidly becoming a major venue for young people to socialise. Due to its voracious capacity to rapidly retrieve desired information, the Internet has become an essential tool for teenagers or anyone of many age groups seeking access to knowledge. Consequently, it is become a form of learning process identified by both parents and children’s and are struggling to deny their children. In addition, it has been a platform enabling individuals to express their thoughts and opinions, as well as interact with people who share similar interests globally. The impact of social media platforms can vary based on the user's aims and the level of attention and involvement of its members. It can either be advanced–to–facetious or harmful. Recognize that the digital engagement strategies that work in urban and suburban areas may not have the same results in rural communities. They can enhance connectedness and access to information, but excessive use may disrupt face – to face communication and mental health. Additionally, social media can lead to cyberbullying, false information, unrealistic expectations, and reduced in-person interaction, Social Media Interaction is the volume of likes, comments, and shares on the social platform, the content satisfaction of users, the right product, and the right targeted audience and ad engagement rate increases.
USING INSTAGRAM TO IMPROVE STUDENTS WRITING SKILL OF RECOUNT TEXT AT THE ELEVENTH GRADE OF MAS PAB 2 HELVETIA MEDAN
Authors: Ayuning Tias Lita 
Published: September 2024

<p>This research was aimed to find out the improving of the students’ writing skill of recount text by using Instagram. The subject of this research were the eleventh grade of MAS PAB 2 Helvetia Medan which consisted of 35 students. This research applied classroom action research. The data of this research were qualitative and quantitative data and the instruments of collecting data were used such as: Pre-test and Post-test, interview sheet, observation sheet, and photography evidence. The quantitative data were taken from the test. The test was given to the students in form of pretest, post test in the first cycle, and the post-test in the second cycle. The result of the analyzing the data showed that there was an improving on the students’ writing skill from each cycles. It was showed from the mean of pre-test was 69. Where, there were 12 student got successfull score criteria or it was only 34,2% and 23 students’ got unsuccessful or it was 65,7 %. After doing cycle I by using Instagram, there was an improving of the result of the students’ mean was 73. Where, 17 students got successful criteria score or it was only 48,5% and 18 students’ got unseccessful criteria score or it was 51,4%. Then doing repairing for second cycle after reflection on the first cycle, there was improving of students’ mean was 78. Where, 27 students’ got successful criteria score or it was 77,1% and 8 students’ got unsuccessful criteria score or it was 22,8%. In other words, it could be concluded that the use of Instagram improved the students’ writing skill and their interest in writing.</p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Writing, Recount text, Instagram, Improvement
परालको आगो कथाको विमर्शप्रस्तुतिमा दृष्टिविन्दुपात्र
Authors: बरई Barai त्रिभुवन Tribhuvan 
Published: September 2024

प्रस्तुत लेखमा दृष्टिविन्दुपात्रको सैद्धान्तिक पर्याधारको केन्द्रीयतामा गुरुप्रसाद मैनालीद्वारा लिखित ‘परालको आगो’ कथामा अङकित विमर्शको मूल्याङकन गरिएको छ । ‘परालको आगो’ कथाको दृष्टिविन्दुपात्रका माध्यमबाट अभिव्यक्त विमर्श पहिल्याउनाका निम्ति यो अध्ययन गरिएको हो । प्राथमिक एवम द्वितीयक स्रोतका सामग्रीको उपयोग गरी दृष्टिविन्दुपात्रको सैद्धान्तिक पर्याधारलाई आधार बनाई गुणात्मक शोधविधि अपनाई यस लेखलाई पूर्णता प्रदान गरिएको छ । लैङगिक समानतायुक्त अवधारणाको प्रस्तुति, महिला र पुरुषको सहकार्यात्मक सम्बन्धमा जोड तथा सीमान्तीयतासम्बन्धी अवधारणाको अभिव्यक्ति गरी तीनओटा सूचकका केन्द्रीयतामा प्रस्तुत कथाको मूल्याङकन यस लेखमा गरिएको छ । यस लेखको अन्त्यमा लैङगिक समता, महिला र पुरुषबिचको सहकार्यात्मक सम्बन्ध एवम सम्मान, समानता, साझेदारी र शक्तिसन्तुलनमा आधारित आचरण र व्यवहार इमानदारीपूर्वक अवलम्बन गर्दा मात्र पारिवारिक जीवन सुखद, समुन्नत र अनुकरणीय बन्ने, यस्तो विमर्शको प्रस्तुति गर्ने विशिष्ट प्रकारको सामथ्र्य र कला गुरुप्रसाद मैनालीमा रहेको कुरा उल्लेख गरिएको छ । यसका साथै आख्यानकारलाई एकल दृष्टिविन्दुपात्रको केन्द्रीयतामा आख्यानात्मक कृतिको विमर्शको व्यवस्थापन, समालोचक र अध्येतालाई दृष्टिविन्दुपात्रको केन्द्रीयतामा आख्यानात्मक कृतिमा निहित विमर्शको अध्ययन एवम पाठकलाई दृष्टिविन्दुपात्रको सेरोफेरोमा आख्यानात्मक कृतिको सारवस्तुगत पक्षको बोध गर्न र लैङगिक समानता, सहकार्य र साझेदारीयुक्त अवधारणाअनुसारको आचरण र व्यवहार अपनाई मानवजीवनको गरिमा, श्रेष्ठता र सार्थकता सिद्ध गर्ने कार्यमा सघाउने निष्कर्ष प्राप्त हुनुलाई निष्कर्षात्मक प्राप्तिका रूपमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ ।
The Influence of Harness Design on Forelimb Biomechanics in Pet Dogs
Authors: Dowdeswell Lauren , Churchill Lucianna 
Published: September 2024

Dog harnesses are a popular walking aid for pet dogs. Research has focused on the biomechanical impact of assistance dog harnesses; however, this is lacking in the pet dog harness industry. This study aimed to explore the impact of six different harness types on canine biomechanics compared to a standard (base) collar, specifically analysing shoulder extension, shoulder flexion, elbow extension and elbow flexion. A high-speed recording device recorded a total of 21 videos per dog (n=30), and analysis demonstrated that the straight-front harness allowed for the most elbow and shoulder extension and flexion, whereas the front clip allowed for the least elbow and shoulder flexion and extension. By directly comparing the six harnesses, three of which are new to research inclusion, the evidence drawn demonstrates which harnesses should be utilised more and which should potentially be avoided. These results provide a foundation for future research, and recommendations have been outlined, specifically considering breed difference, morphological impacts and long-term effects of harness design on canine gait. With advancements in the canine industry, this research is crucial for maximising safety and potentially preventing or delaying various musculoskeletal disorders.
Radioprotective Properties of Fullerenol: Cellular, Biochemical and Physicochemical Approaches
Authors: Kolesnik Olga V. , Grabovoy Aleksey S. , Badun Gennadii A. , Churilov Grigoriy N. , Kudryasheva Nadezhda S. 
Published: September 2024

The search for optimal radioprotective methods and tools under low-dose radiation exposures represents a pressing issue in the field of modern radioecology. The objective of the study was to investigate the radioprotective properties of fullerenol C60,70Oy(OH)x, (x+y = 24–28), a water-soluble polyhydroxylated fullerene derivative with an electron-deficient aromatic carbon structure. Tritium, a radionuclide of low decay energy, was selected to simulate an exposure to low-dose irradiation (< 0.05 Gy). We applied luminous marine bacteria Photobacterium phosporeum as a model cellular object to monitor radiation bioeffects; the bioluminescence intensity of the bacteria was used as a tested biological parameter. Tritium activated the bacterial luminescence; the addition of fullerenol (< 3·10–3 g/L) “mitigated” the activation, thus revealing the radioprotective capacity of fullerenol for the marine microorganism. To evaluate the mechanisms of radioprotection of fullerenol in tritiated water, we investigated the effects of fullerenol on: (1) the content of reactive oxygen species and (2) the intensity of bioluminescence in the bacterial enzymatic reaction. Tritiated water produced moderate deviations from the control values, whereas the addition of fullerene brought these values closer to the ‘control’ ones. All observed effects were attributed to variations in the ionic balance of the aqueous medium, which resulted in the activation of bacterial functions through cell membranes.