bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovating Lubrication with Polyelectrolyte Hydrogels: Sustained Performance Through Lipid Dynamics
Authors: Wang Zhongrui , Li Panpan , Li Benyou , Yang Shenghao , Zhao Ting , Meng Yuwen , Li Qiang , Hao Jingcheng , Wang Xu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe lubrication process of natural joint cartilage involves a series of coordinated mechanisms, a key aspect of which is its ability to continuously extract lubricating components from synovial fluid to achieve sustained lubrication. Inspired by this natural phenomenon, this study reports a novel polyelectrolyte hydrogel, specifically integrating ε‐poly‐L‐lysine (ε‐PL), adeptly captures lipids from environment to achieve effective lubrication similar to human joints. The ε‐PL within the hydrogel facilitates the dynamic sequestration of lipids, fostering interfacial self‐assembly. This setup, enriched with highly hydrated lipid head groups, enhances boundary lubrication capabilities for extended performance. Through rigorous evaluation of friction coefficients and supramolecular interactions between the hydrogel and lipids, it identified hydrogen bonding, charge‐dipole, and hydrophobic interactions as key to this self‐assembly. The findings affirm the versatility of polyelectrolytes in synthesizing lubricating hydrogels, bridging the gap to the creation of biomimetic hydrogels that mimic natural lubrication with enhanced durability and efficiency.
Dynamic Adhesive Fibers for Remote Capturing of Objects
Authors: Presti Marco Lo , Portoghese Marina , Farinola Gianluca M. , Omenetto Fiorenzo G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractB. mori silk has been extensively utilized to create Regenerated Silk Fibroin solutions (RSF) for a wide range of technological applications, including tissue engineering, drug delivery, biomaterials, and adhesives. In this study, an RSF‐dopamine (DA) composite is introduced that yields easily deployable hydrogel fibers possessing adhesive properties that can be released on demand to capture and retrieve loads from a distance. The RSF‐DA serves as an artificial dope, combining the functional attributes of silk fibroin (i.e., hydrogel formation) and dopamine (i.e., adhesion) to instantly generate adjustable hydrogel fibers displaying a sticky behavior. The mechanical strength and adhesive characteristics of this material are assessed using tensile and lap‐shear tests. Furthermore, the possibility of tuning these properties is demonstrated by adding chitosan (Ch) and borate ions (BB), leading to remarkable mechanical and adhesive performances up to 107 MPa and 280 kPa, respectively, which allows the retrieval of objects from the ejected structure. This process can be finely tuned to achieve a controlled fabrication of instantaneously formed adhesive hydrogel fibers for manifold applications, mimicking living organisms’ ability to eject tunable adhesive functional threads.
Effective Regulation of Morphologies and Exciton‐Generation Process Enables Quasi‐Planar All‐Polymer Organic Solar Cells Exceed 18% Efficiency
Authors: Wang Jiaying , Chen Tianqi , Zhao Wenkai , Tang Xian , Bai Yuyang , Zhou Wenying , Long Guankui , Ji Xinyi , Lu Guanghao , Feng Wanying , Wan Xiangjian , Kan Bin , Chen Yongsheng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDisordered polymer chain entanglements within all‐polymer blends limit the formation of optimal donor–acceptor phase separation, and thus the performance of all‐polymer organic solar cells (all‐PSCs). Considering the challenge and importance of morphology regulation in all‐PSCs, a diluted layer‐by‐layer (N‐LBL) strategy is thereby adopted to fine‐tuning the properties of all‐polymer blends. When comparing the traditional PM6:PY‐IT based bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) film and PM6/PY‐IT layer‐by‐layer (LBL) film, the N‐LBL film, which is prepared from diluted PM6 (with 3% PY‐IT) bottom layer and diluted PY‐IT (with 6% PM6) top layer, displayed a clearer bi‐continuous fibrillar network and a higher exciton generation process. Benefiting from these unique characters, the all‐PSC consisting the N‐LBL active layer exhibited a short‐circuit current density over 26 mA cm−2 and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.33%, which are both higher than those of BHJ (16.88%) and LBL (17.13%) devices. Moreover, the universality of the dilution strategy in other all‐polymer blends (PM6 and PY‐DT, PM6 and PY‐FT‐o) is also demonstrated with unanimously improved device performance. This work underscores the effectiveness of the diluted layer‐by‐layer method in tuning the morphologies and charge dynamics for high‐performance all‐PSCs.
From Bulk to Nanosheet: How Tellurene Can Influence the Performance of Li‐S Batteries on Both Electrodes
Authors: Han Bin , Cao Xinrui , Liu Xingfa , Chen Kai , Xiao Liangping , Xu Qingchi , Wu Shunqing , Xu Jun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the face of growing environmental challenges and the need for alternative energy storage, lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries stand out for their high theoretical energy density and sulfur's eco‐friendliness. However, the practical application of Li‐S batteries faces significant obstacles, particularly at the cathode and anode. This study explores the transformative impact of 2D tellurene, focusing on how its dimensional variations influence Li‐S battery performance. At the cathode, tellurene not only improves the conductivity and sulfur utilization but also accelerates the conversion of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). Its reduced size, compared to the bulk counterpart, offers numerous active sites for efficient Li‐ion migration and promotes LiPSs decomposition. At the anode, the protective polytellurosulfides are formed, thereby establishing a stable solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) and enhancing reversible lithium deposition. Diminishing the dimensions of tellurene improves its catalytic interface, leading to faster polysulfide conversion kinetics at the cathode and robust SEI formation at the anode. Li‐S batteries equipped with ultra‐thin tellurene‐modified separators demonstrate exceptional performance, exhibiting high areal capacity and significantly reduced capacity decay. Computational simulations further validate the advantages of optimizing tellurene dimensions, confirming its essential role in LiPSs decomposition and overall battery efficiency.
Label‐Free Exosome Analysis by Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering Spectroscopy with Laser‐Ablated Silver Nanoparticle Substrate
Authors: Park Jong‐Eun , Nam Hyeono , Hwang June Sik , Kim Seunggyu , Kim Seong Jae , Kim Sanha , Jeon Jessie S. , Yang Minyang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEarly diagnostics of breast cancer is crucial to reduce the risk of cancer metastasis and late relapse. Exosome, which contains distinct information of its origin, can be the target object as a liquid biopsy. However, its low sensitivity and inadequate diagnostic tools interfere with the point‐of‐care testing (POCT) of the exosome. Recently, Surface‐enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) spectroscopy, which amplifies the Raman scattering, has been proved as a promising tool for exosome detection. However, the fabrication process of SERS probe or substrate is still inefficient and far from large‐scale production. This study proposes rapid and label‐free detection of breast cancer‐derived exosomes by statistical analysis of SERS spectra using silver‐nanoparticle‐based SERS substrate fabricated by selective laser ablation and melting (SLAM). Employing silver nanowires and optimizing laser process parameters enable rapid and low‐energy fabrication of SERS substrate. The functionalities including sensitivity, reproducibility, stability, and renewability are evaluated using rhodamine 6G as a probe molecule. Then, the feasibility of POCT is examined by the statistical analysis of SERS spectra of exosomes from malignant breast cancer cells and non‐tumorigenic breast epithelial cells. The presented framework is anticipated to be utilized in other biomedical applications, facilitating cost‐effective and large‐scale production performance.
Microstructural Passivation of Patterned Al2O3 Back Contacts on CdS/CdTe Solar Cells
Authors: Roy Etee Kawna , Mamun Ashraful , Lee Chungho , Xiong Gang , Yoon Heayoung P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPatterned aluminum oxide (Al2O3) back contact on cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar cells can effectively mitigate the loss of the majority carriers while retaining the passivation benefits for minority carriers. This study investigates the impact of the point‐contact geometry on cell performance, where the spacing of the microholes is systematically varied at a constant microhole diameter (≈16 µm). Microhole arrays are created on an evaporated Al2O3 layer (≈30 nm) on CdTe using laser‐beam lithography and selective wet etching processes. Comparative analysis indicates a significant decrease in fill factor (FF) and short‐circuit current (ISC) when the contact fraction falls below 30%, likely due to the Al2O3 barrier impeding majority carriers. Above this fraction, FF and ISC are comparable to those of baseline CdTe cells without Al2O3. Open‐circuit voltage (VOC) shows a gradual decrease as Al2O3 coverage is reduced but exhibits a slight increase (<15 mV) when the contact fraction exceeds 30%. Cathodoluminescence (CL) characterization reveals that significantly improved radiative recombination occurs within the CdTe grain bulk with Al2O3, whereas this effect on grain boundaries is minimal. The findings imply complex local carrier dynamics in the patterned back‐contact region, closely tied to the microstructural properties of CdTe‐based solar cells.
In Situ Surface Polymerization of PANI/SWCNT Bilayer Film: Effective Composite for Improving Seebeck Coefficient and Power Factor
Authors: Ji Dezhuang , Li Baosong , Raj Balamurugan Thirumal , Li Xuan , Zhang Dawei , Rezeq Moh'd , Cantwell Wesley , Zheng Lianxi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFlexible thermoelectric composites are promising in harvesting low‐temperature energies and have a wide range of applications in wearable devices. However, the uncontrollable interfaces between the components significantly scatter the transport of electrons leading to a reduced thermoelectric performance. In this research, hydrochloride acid doped polyaniline (PANI) is directly prepared on the surface of a single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) film to form a bilayer structure in controlling the interfacial filtering effect and preserve the high conductivity. Under optimal conditions, a PANI/SWCNT bilayer composite exhibits a Seebeck coefficient of 26 µVK−1 at near room temperature, and a high electrical conductivity of 1320 S cm−1 is maintained. The Seebeck coefficient is a twofold increase compared to a pure SWCNT film, while the power factor is three times the value from a pure SWCNT film and 500 times that from a solution‐mixed PANI/SWCNT composite. The enhanced thermoelectric performance is attributed to SWCNT‐assisted growth through π–π interaction promoting the formation of an oriented and compacted PANI layer, and the bilayer structure can also maximally maintain the electrical conductivity of the composite. The bilayer composite has then been investigated as an energy harvester and a temperature sensor, indicating its reliable performance in wearable applications.
Visible Light Photoredox‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Reaction of Styrenes with Malonic Esters and CO2
Authors: Kharlamova Alisa D. , Averin Alexei D. , Bondarenko Grigoriy N. , Abel Anton S. , Beletskaya Irina P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA visible light photoredox‐catalyzed bifunctionalization of styrenes with malonic esters and CO2 to form two C(sp3)−C bonds has been developed. The reaction proceeds at room temperature with 0.1 mol% of the organic photocatalyst (4DPAIPN) and cesium carbonate as a base at a CO2 pressure of 4 atm. This results in the production of 3‐arylpropane‐1,1,3‐tricarboxylic acid esters in yields ranging from 48% to 99%.
Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Alkyl Grignard Reagents with Alkenyl Carbonate
Authors: Qin Hongjian , Yang Xingbang , Mintah Bonku Emmanuel , Zhu Fuqiang , Abduahadi Safomuddin , Yang Peng , Shen Jingshan , Akber Aisa Haji 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHerein, we report the alkylation of alkenyl carbonates using alkyl Grignard reagents and iron catalysis to generate C(sp2)−C(sp3) bonds and provide synthetically useful yields over a range of substrates. The transformation allows the alkylation of a wide range of substrates, including aromatic rings, alkanes, cycloalkanes, heterocycles. This reaction has introduced a new family of electrophiles to the iron‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions.
Self‐Powered Biological UV Photodetector Based on Live Freshwater Green Algae
Authors: Chatterjee Anamika , A Kathirvel , Manivasagam Thirugnasambandam G. , Batabyal Sudip K. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study introduces a remarkably sensitive self‐powered Ultra Violet (UV) photodetector utilizing photosynthetic algae coupled with modified electrodes. The device achieves exceptional sensitivity and stability in photodetection under self‐powered operation by leveraging photosynthetic green algae. Notably, the device demonstrates impressive responsivity, and detectivity of 0.44 A W−1, and 4 ×1010 Jones respectively for 365 nm of the incident light with the lowest intensity of 530 nW cm−2 at zero bias condition. Additionally, it exhibits rapid rise and decay times, clocking in at 0.15 and 0.16 s, respectively, for optimized performance. This self‐powered algal UV photodetector offers high sensitivity, stability, and swift response/recovery rates, presenting a promising solution for current challenges in UV detection applications for sustainable society.
Plasma Cell‐Free DNA Concentration and Fragmentomes Predict Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Cervical Cancer Patients
Authors: Peng Ting , Zhang Haiqiang , Li Lingguo , Cao Canhui , Xu Miaochun , Liu Xiaojie , Lin Shitong , Wu Ping , Chu Tian , Liu Binghan , Xu Yashi , Zhang Yan , Wang Yeqin , Yu Jinjin , Ding Wencheng , Jin Xin , Wu Peng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCervical cancer remains one of the most lethal gynecological malignancies. However, biomarkers for more precise patient care are an unmet need. Herein, the concentration of 285 plasma cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) samples are analyzed from 84 cervical patients and the clinical significance of cfDNA fragmentomic characteristics across the neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) treatment. Patients with poor NACT response exhibit a significantly greater escalation in cfDNA levels following the initial cycle of treatment, in comparison to patients with a favorable response. Distinctive end motif profiles and promoter coverages of cfDNA in initial plasma are observed between patients with differing NACT responses. Notably, the DNASE1L3 analysis further demonstrates the intrinsic association between cfDNA characteristics and chemotherapy resistance. The cfDNA and motif ratios show a good discriminative capacity for predicting non‐responders from responders (area under the curve (AUC) > 0.8). In addition, transcriptional start sites (TSS) coverages around promoters discern the alteration of biological processes associated with chemotherapy resistance and reflect the potential value in predicting chemotherapy response. These findings in predictive biomarkers may optimize treatment selection, minimize unnecessary treatment, and assist in establishing personalized treatment strategies for cervical cancer patients.
ProT‐Diff: A Modularized and Efficient Strategy for De Novo Generation of Antimicrobial Peptide Sequences by Integrating Protein Language and Diffusion Models
Authors: Wang Xue‐Fei , Tang Jing‐Ya , Sun Jing , Dorje Sonam , Sun Tian‐Qi , Peng Bo , Ji Xu‐Wo , Li Zhe , Zhang Xian‐En , Wang Dian‐Bing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising solution for treating antibiotic‐resistant pathogens. However, efficient generation of diverse AMPs without prior knowledge of peptide structures or sequence alignments remains a challenge. Here, ProT‐Diff is introduced, a modularized deep generative approach that combines a pretrained protein language model with a diffusion model for the de novo generation of AMPs sequences. ProT‐Diff generates thousands of AMPs with diverse lengths and structures within a few hours. After silico physicochemical screening, 45 peptides are selected for experimental validation. Forty‐four peptides showed antimicrobial activity against both gram‐positive or gram‐negative bacteria. Among broad‐spectrum peptides, AMP_2 exhibited potent antimicrobial activity, low hemolysis, and minimal cytotoxicity. An in vivo assessment demonstrated its effectiveness against a drug‐resistant E. coli strain in acute peritonitis. This study not only introduces a viable and user‐friendly strategy for de novo generation of antimicrobial peptides, but also provides potential antimicrobial drug candidates with excellent activity. It is believed that this study will facilitate the development of other peptide‐based drug candidates in the future, as well as proteins with tailored characteristics.
Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on Transition Metal Carbo‐Chalcogenide (Nb2S2C and Ta2S2C) for Energy Harvesting and Self‐Powered Sensing
Authors: Xiao Yana , Li Zihua , Tan Di , Carsten Gachot , Xu Bingang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWith burgeoning considerations over energy issues and carbon emissions, energy harvesting devices such as triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are developed to provide renewable and sustainable power. Enhancing electric output and other properties of TENGs during operation is the focus of research. Herein, two species (Nb2S2C and Ta2S2C) of a new family of 2D materials, Transition Metal Carbo‐Chalcogenides (TMCCs), are first employed to develop TENGs with doping into Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Compared with control samples, these two TMCC‐based TENGs exhibit higher electric properties owing to the enhanced permittivity of PDMS composite, and the best performance is achieved at a concentration of 3 wt. ‰ with open circuit voltage (Voc) of 112 V, short circuit current (Isc) of 8.6 µA and charge transfer (Qsc) of 175 nC for Nb2S2C based TENG, and Voc of 127 V, Isc of 9.6 µA, and Qsc of 230 nC for Ta2S2C based TENGs. These two TENGs show a maximum power density of 1360 and 911 mW m−2 respectively. Moreover, the tribology performance is also evaluated with the same materials, revealing that the Ta2S2C/PDMS composite as the electronegative material presented a lower coefficient of friction (COF) than the Nb2S2C/PDMS composite. Their applications for energy harvesting and self‐powered sensing are also demonstrated.
Selective Chemical Etching to Remove 0D Cs4Pb(IBr)6 from Mixed‐Dimensional Perovskite Surface Achieving High Efficiency Flexible All‐Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells with Superior Mechanical Durability
Authors: Liu Huijing , Zhang Zhiyu , Xu Jia , Han Huifang , Zhao Chenxu , Fu Yao , Lang Kun , Shen Fan , Zou Pengchen , Liu Xuewei , Shi Ruifeng , Su Zhenhuang , Gao Xingyu , Liu Shengzhong Frank , Yao Jianxi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAll‐inorganic cesium lead halide flexible perovskite solar cells (f‐PSCs) exhibit superior thermal stability compared to their organic‐inorganic hybrid counterparts. However, their flexibility and efficiency are still below‐par for practical viability. This study presents an approach involving the introduction of multifunctional molecule ammonium benzenesulfonate (ABS) to selectively etch 0D‐Cs4Pb(IBr)6 from the mixed‐dimensional perovskite film surface, to attain more contact area between the perovskite and hole transport layer for improved hole extraction and transport. It is found that the ABS molecules bind to the perovskite lattice surface via O atoms and NH4+, effectively passivating surface defects and enhancing phase stability. The hydrophobic nature of the benzene ring in ABS further contributes to operational stability, leading to high cell efficiency of 15.00%, accompanied by enhanced operational stability. Even after undergoing 60 000 flexing cycles at a curvature radius of 5 mm, the ABS‐treated f‐PSC still retains over 98.5% of its initial efficiency. This multifunctional strategy for modifying typical mixed‐dimensional perovskite compositions significantly enhances the photovoltaic performance and stability of flexible all‐inorganic f‐PSCs.
Durable Quantum Dot‐Based Luminescent Solar Concentrators Enabled by a Photoactive Block Copolymer
Authors: Terricabres‐Polo Raimon , de Bruin Thomas A. , Kaul Annanta , van Sark Wilfried G.J.H.M. , Donega Celso de Mello 
Published: September 2024

AbstractQuantum dot (QD)‐based luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) promise to revolutionize solar energy technology by replacing building materials with energy‐harvesting devices. However, QDs degrade under air, limiting the long‐term performance of QD‐LSCs. This study introduces an innovative approach to prevent QDs degradation by utilizing a photoactive polymer matrix (maleic anhydride‐grafted poly(styrene‐b‐ethylene‐co‐butylene‐b‐styrene, SEBS‐g‐MA). This strategy has been tested outdoors over a 2‐year period on five LSCs, followed by characterization of the weathered devices. The tested LSCs consist of three QD‐LSCs (CuInS2/ZnS, InP/ZnSe/ZnS, CdSe/CdS/ZnS core/shell QDs), alongside a Lumogen dye‐based LSC and a luminophore‐free LSC. The study yields several findings: 1) SEBS‐g‐MA undergoes photochemistry outdoors, 2) SEBS‐g‐MA accelerates the photodegradation of Lumogen, 3) the power conversion efficiency of CdSe‐based QD‐LSC drops by 80% due to reduction of the photoluminescence quantum yield, and 4) under illumination SEBS‐g‐MA protects CuInS2 and InP‐based QDs from degradation, ensuring a stable performance during the entire study. This work thus demonstrates for the first time that the interaction between the luminophores and the matrix is a critical determinant of the long‐term success of LSCs. Leveraging on the fact that this is the longest outdoor study to date, we propose design rules for highly efficient and stable QD‐LSCs.
Using Sensory Analysis and Stated Preference Valuation to Assess the Willingness to Pay for Fresh Tomato Attributes
Authors: Zapata Samuel D. , Villavicencio Xavier A. , Marconi Thiago G. , Avila Carlos A. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis study combines sensory analysis and stated preference valuation techniques to assess the monetary value of organoleptic attributes of new tomato varieties. The tomatoes evaluated included two new varieties adapted to South Texas growing conditions, a commercial check, and tomatoes imported from Mexico. In a blind sensory test, participants sampled, rated, and valued the attributes of all tomato varieties. Willingness to pay responses were collected using a payment card elicitation approach and jointly analyzed with a multivariate ordered probit model. Price premiums were associated with males, smaller households, younger consumers, higher income, and the liking of different organoleptic attributes.
Measurable residual disease monitoring in AML: Prospects for therapeutic decision‐making and new drug development
Authors: Short Nicholas J. , Dillon Richard 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMeasurable residual disease (MRD) is strongly associated with risk of relapse and long‐term survival outcomes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Apart from its clear prognostic impact, MRD information is also increasingly used to guide therapeutic decision‐making, including selection of appropriate patients for stem cell transplant, use of post‐transplant maintenance, and candidacy for non‐transplant maintenance therapies or MRD‐directed clinical trials. While much progress has been made in accurately assessing MRD and understanding its clinical importance, many questions remain about how to optimize MRD testing and guide treatment decisions for individual patients. In this review, we discuss the common methods to assess MRD in AML and the prognostic impact of MRD across common clinical scenarios. We also review emerging and investigational strategies to target MRD and discuss some of the important unanswered questions and challenges in the field.