bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of sustainability incentives in executive remuneration contracts
Authors: Abdelmotaal Heba , Abdel-Kader Magdy 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine which firm characteristics affect the usage of sustainability incentives in executive remuneration contracts, and whether these sustainability incentives have an impact on shareholders’ return.

Design/methodology/approach
The analysis is based on a sample of 212 firms from the FTSE 350 firms over the period of 2009-2011.

Findings
The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between the adoption of sustainability incentives in executive remuneration and firm size, compensation committee independence, the corporate social responsibility (CSR) sustainability committee, CSR sustainability index, and resource efficiency policy variables. Further, there is evidence to support a positive impact on the shareholders’ return.

Research limitations/implications
The results of this study should be interpreted within two limitations. First, the limited numbers of the sample years due to the limited number of firms used sustainability incentives. Second, the use of a dummy variable in the measurement of the adoption of sustainability incentives in the analysis.

Practical implications
The paper includes implications for the development of sustainability incentives within the performance measurement system and compensation contracts that could be a solution for the agency problem.

Originality/value
This study provides empirical evidence on an increased use of sustainability incentives in UK firms, and identifies firm’s characteristics that explain such increase in the sustainability incentives, finally its positive impact on the shareholders’ return.
Public spaces as workplace for mobile knowledge workers
Authors: Ng Cheuk Fan 
Published: September 2016

PurposeThis purpose of this paper is to review the relationships between the physical and social characteristics of public and semi-public spaces and work behaviors of mobile knowledge workers employed by organizations.Design/methodology/approachThis is a literature review of research from several disciplines on teleworking from multiple settings, particularly in public and semi-public spaces.FindingsThis review suggests that both the physical and social characteristics of public and semi-public spaces can constrain the cognitive work and communication of knowledge workers. The physical characteristics include amount of space, layout, ambient conditions and internet and Wi-Fi connectivity. To be effective, mobile workers perform different tasks at different workplaces that support those specific work tasks. Planning and coordinating work tasks for different workplaces is time-consuming and requires anticipation of constraints and effort to overcome obstacles encountered in these places.Research limitations/implicationsLittle empirical research focusing on these new workplaces is available. There is much need for future research that uses larger, representative samples and a diversity of methods. As this paper is based on a review of a small number of studies currently available in peer-reviewed journals written in English, the findings should be considered tentative.Practical implicationsUnderstanding how the design of the physical workplace, work processes, organizational support and its interface with the virtual space support successful mobile work is crucial for organizations. Corporate real estate and facility managers of public and semi-public spaces should support mobile workers’ needs for internet and Wi-Fi connectivity and provide separate spaces for cognitive work and private business conversations.Originality/valueThis paper extends the research about teleworking from home to working in public and semi-public spaces.
The impact of the ambient environment and building configuration on occupant productivity in open-plan commercial offices
Authors: Mulville Mark , Callaghan Nicola , Isaac David 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
This paper sets out to understand the impact of the ambient environment on perceived comfort, health, wellbeing and by extension productivity in the workplace.

Design/methodology/approach
The research combined an occupant survey considering satisfaction with the ambient environment, health and wellbeing and workplace behaviour with the monitoring of ambient environmental conditions.

Findings
The paper demonstrates that the ambient environment can have a significant impact on occupant comfort, health and wellbeing, which in turn has implications for built asset performance. Within the ambient environmental factors considered, a hierarchy may exist with noise being of particular importance. Occupant behaviour within the workplace was also found to be influential.

Research limitations/implications
The research was limited to a single commercial office building, and a wider range of case studies would therefore be of benefit. The research was also limited to the summer months.

Practical implications
The findings show that an active approach to asset management is required, by continuously monitoring internal environment and engaging with occupants. This must carefully consider how ambient environmental factors and workplace behaviour impact upon occupants’ comfort, health and wellbeing to ensure the performance of the built asset is maximised.

Originality/value
This paper demonstrates that both occupiers’ workplace behaviour and ambient environmental conditions can have an impact on occupant comfort, health, wellbeing and productivity. The paper strengthens the case for the active management of the workplace environment through environmental monitoring and behaviour change campaigns supported by corresponding changes to workplace culture.
Testing for bubbles in the BRICS stock markets
Authors: Chang Tsangyao , Gil-Alana Luis , Aye Goodness C. , Gupta Rangan , Ranjbar Omid 
Published: September 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate whether there exist multiple bubbles in the Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) stock markets.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the authors apply the generalized sup Augmented Dickey-Fuller test, a new recursive test proposed by Phillipset al.(2015) and use monthly data on stock price-dividend ratio.FindingsThe empirical results indicate that there exist multiple bubbles in the stock markets of the BRICS. Further, the dates of the bubbles also correspond to specific events in the stock markets of these economies. This finding has important economic and policy implications.Originality/valueThe authors declare that this paper is original and has not been published by another journal previously.
The effects of the global financial crisis on the Colombian local currency bonds prices
Authors: Cayon Edgardo , Sarmiento-Sabogal Julio , Shukla Ravi 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to perform an event study using high frequency data on peso-denominated Colombian government bonds to measure the effects of news during the global financial crisis (GFC).

Design/methodology/approach
Using standard event study methodology, the authors want to see if a surprise (originating from macroeconomic news and GFC events) has a significant effect on asset prices measurable as abnormal returns. The authors also assume that the US market acted as a transmission mechanism for the crisis in a standard market model framework and control for confounding effects from events that originated from the crisis by taking into account the effect of global, regional and local macroeconomic surprises in the period before, during and after the GFC.

Findings
The results show that there was resilience and decoupling of the Colombian local currency bond market from the events of the GFC.

Research limitations/implications
The results show that there was resilience (in terms of abnormal returns) and decoupling of the Colombian local currency bond market from the events of the GFC. The paper also finds that, on an average, Colombian bonds performed better during the period of the GFC than the period before and after the GFC.

Practical implications
In the event study using individual bonds the paper finds that, in most cases, negative news had a positive impact in Colombian bond prices during the GFC.

Social implications
These results have important policy implications in emerging markets economies in terms of the benefits of substituting foreign currency debt with local currency debt.

Originality/value
This paper provides a date and time-specific timeline (Table III) of the most significant GFC events and news. The paper finds that for all the periods under observation local news related to inflation had the greatest impact in bond prices. In the case of global and regional news, inflation and trade-related surprises had also significant effects on bond prices but to a lesser extent.
On poverty and the persistence of poverty in Benin
Authors: Alia Didier Yelognisse , Jossa-Jouable Alia Katia A.S.M. , Fiamohe Edwige Rose 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of poverty and the persistence of poverty in Benin using a longitudinal data for the years 2006-2011. The paper also seeks to understand the dynamic of poverty and what factors explain households’ mobility across poverty status over time.

Design/methodology/approach
To answer the research questions, the paper develops and estimates logit and probit models of poverty. In addition to households’ characteristics as explanatory variables, the models control for the previous years’ poverty status to test for the hypothesis of persistence in poverty. Next, the paper extends the analysis to compute poverty transition matrix and estimates a multinomial models of the determinants of these transitions.

Findings
The paper finds that households’ demographic and socio-economic characteristics are strongly correlated with their poverty status. It also finds a strong evidence of persistence of poverty: being poor in a year increases the likelihood of remaining poor in the following years. The analysis of the dynamic of poverty reveals that there is a large and rapid change in poverty with households moving in and out of poverty. Across all models, it appears that human capital accumulation through education and labor skills are the strongest forces lifting households out of poverty and persistence of poverty.

Practical implications
Taken together, the results suggest that public policies should not only seek to lift households out of poverty, but also seek to reduce re-entries into poverty by investing in education and improving employment skills.

Originality/value
A key contribution of the study is the characterization of the profile of poor and persistently poor households in Benin, and the analysis of the factors explaining the dynamic of poverty. It updates and complements previous studies on poverty in Benin using the most recent nationally representative longitudinal data. The findings stress the crucial importance of human capital as a key force to lift households out of poverty.
Perceived organizational support and well-being: a weekly study
Authors: Caesens Gaëtane , Stinglhamber Florence , Ohana Marc 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
Prior research has conceptualized perceived organizational support (POS) as a stable variable over time varying from one individual to another. Nevertheless, it can be assumed that POS fluctuates within the same person over the course of several weeks due to different experiences lived at work. The authors suggested in the present study that weekly POS is predictive of employees’ weekly subjective well-being at work (i.e. increased positive affect toward the organization, and decreased negative affect toward the organization and psychological strains at work). In addition, the purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role played by weekly work engagement in these relationships.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 20 employees completed a first general questionnaire and then completed an online questionnaire during 12 consecutive weeks.

Findings
Results of hierarchical linear models indicated that weekly POS positively predicts weekly employees’ work engagement which, in turn, positively predicts weekly employees’ well-being (i.e. increasing positive affect toward the organization and decreasing negative affect toward the organization and psychological strains at work).

Research limitations/implications
Overall, these findings contribute to the POS and work engagement literatures. It shows that POS fluctuates within person over the course of several weeks and is a predictor of weekly employees’ well-being through its effects on weekly work engagement.

Originality/value
To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to examine within-person weekly variations in POS as a predictor of employees’ weekly work engagement and its subsequent consequences.
Party differences in political content on social media
Authors: Vraga Emily 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
Social networking sites (SNS) increasingly serve as a source of political content for Americans. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationships between types of political content exposure, especially congruent vs incongruent content, and its effects on political expression and participation. This study pays special attention to whether these relationships differ depending on whether an individual affiliates with the Republican or Democratic party.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a representative national sample to examine the relationships among exposure to congruent vs incongruent political content via SNS, political expression, and political participation. This study also tests whether these relationships are consistent for Democrats vs Republicans.

Findings
The results suggest the effects of political content exposure on political expression on SNS depend on how many friends post about politics, as well as whether that content is congruent or incongruent with one’s political beliefs. Moreover, the relationship between exposure to congruent vs incongruent content, political expression, and political participation differs for Republicans and Democrats.

Originality/value
This study highlights the need for researchers to take more care in distinguishing the type of and the audience for political content exposure via social media websites. Further, if the relationships between seeing political content via social media and acting upon such content – either through posting behaviors or participatory activities – differs by political group, it raises the potential for disparities in democratic engagement.
“Games with learning”: adpositions and the lusory attitude
Authors: Duncan Sean C. 
Published: September 2016

PurposeGames and learning research has diverged into “games for learning” and “games as learning” research. This paper aims to provide a third framing, “games with learning”, that can help address the lived experiences learners have with these media outside of formal, instructional contexts.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a critical analysis of the current games and learning field, considering what has been missed by recent research in the field and how we might benefit from further consideration of what Bernard Suits calls the “lusory attitude” or voluntary choice to accept inefficiencies in achieving goals. The paper analyzes dominant rhetoric of educational game research, with the intent of revealing the implicit assumptions about play and choice that much recent “games for learning” and “games as learning” work may have ignored.FindingsThe paper reveals that the further consideration of learning through extant play with games (characterized here as “games with learning”) can be a means of shifting the direction of educational games research toward investigations of how games are played “in the wilds” of out-of-school contexts. The paper advocates for a shifting of focus from compulsory contexts to the study of voluntary game play.Social implicationsThe paper argues for the complex value of games and gameplay in non-institutional settings, and advocates for further research to understand games in non-institutional spaces.Originality/valueThe key argument is that games and learning to date has focused inordinately on how games can further educational design, rather than how the use of games can reveal important new contexts for learning.
Playing (with) POST cards
Authors: Holden Jeremiah Isaac , Poggione Pagan , Kupperman Jeff 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
This article illustrates through word, image and design the back-and-forth exchange characteristic of Project Oriented Semantic Trading (POST) Cards, a game-based professional learning ritual relevant to educators’ problems of practice. In describing the iterative designs and features of POST Cards, this article intentionally depicts alternative means of narrative and scholarship via imaginative, playful and visual (re)presentation.

Design/methodology/approach
Both POST Cards and this inquiry use a design-based process driven by theory about play, intended to improve education practice, and iteratively co-created with participants. As an annotated and dialogical worked example, this representation of game play moves beyond the monolithic medium of printed text. With the intention to provoke discussion about the content and configuration of inquiry, this article traces the literal and figurative tradeoffs associated with the development and play of POST Cards.

Findings
In surveying the design and enactment of POST Cards across two iterations, and a related Quote Cards mutation, three design principles are relevant to fostering greater playfulness in higher education: embrace the inevitability of tradeoffs, invite players to co-create new features and iterations, and create conditions whereby everyday rituals and social practices are transformed into improvisational and discursive play.

Originality/value
As an annotated narrative constructed in the form and spirit of POST Cards, this inquiry is notable for presenting an experimental form of multimodal literacy and also for revealing how higher education settings and practices may be designed as playgrounds upon which to render visionary, risky and expressive approaches to game-based collaboration and creative scholarship.
Masculinized females produce heavier offspring in a group living rodent
Authors: Correa Loreto A. , León Cecilia , Ramírez‐Estrada Juan , Soto‐Gamboa Mauricio , Sepúlveda Roger D. , Ebensperger Luis A. 
Published: September 2016

Summary

Alternative morphotypes have been reported less frequently in females than in males. An exception to this rule is the gradient of phenotypical masculinization reported in some female mammals, in which feminized and masculinized females represent two opposite ends along this gradient. These phenotypical differences originate during prenatal development as the consequence of maternal effects. Feminized and masculinized females differ in several traits, including morphological, physiological, behavioural and reproductive traits.

Differences previously reported in reproductive traits between feminized and masculinized females come mostly from mechanistic studies performed in the laboratory, and not necessarily on social species. As a result, it is unclear to what extent these reported differences between female alternative morphotypes materialize in wild, natural populations.

We quantified the effect of female alternative morphotype on female reproductive traits in a natural population of Octodon degus, a highly social rodent. We assessed female alternative morphotype through a continuous gradient of anogenital distance. Thus, feminized females were close to the short end of anogenital distance, while masculinized females were close to the long end of this gradient. We also tested the hypothesis that the social environment interacts with female morphotype to influence female reproductive traits.

In female degus, only body weight affected litter size, where heavier females weaned more offspring. Masculinized females delivered male‐biased litters and weaned heavier offspring. Lastly, masculinized females gave birth later in the breeding season compared to feminized females.

Contrary to previous claims, our findings do not support that masculinized females are less fertile than feminized females. Moreover, masculinized females produced heavier, potentially higher quality offspring compared with feminized females.
UHPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS for the Quantification of Eight Major Gingerols and Shogaols in Ginger Products: Effects of Ionization Polarity and Mobile Phase Modifier on the Sensitivity
Authors: Park Su Yeon , Jung Mun Yhung 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe developed and validated an improved ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)‐electrospray ionization (ESI)‐tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method for the fast separation and quantification of 8 major gingerols and shogaols (4‐, 6‐, 8‐, 10‐, and 12‐gingerols, and 6‐, 8‐, and 10‐shogaols) in gingerol products. The ionization polarity and mobile phase modifier greatly affected the mass ion profiles and sensitivity of the analytes. A mobile phase modifier of 0.05 mM ammonium formate dramatically decreased the sodium adduct ions and greatly increased the protonated ions of the gingerols and shogaols. Positive ion UHPLC‐MS/MS with the ammonium formate in mobile phase showed greatly higher (4.5‐ to 15.7‐fold) sensitivities than negative ion UHPLC. The positive ion UHPLC‐MS/MS method showed excellent linearities (r2 > 0.999), low limits of detection (LOD = 2.5 to 8.2 pg), high accuracy and precision, and no considerable matrix effect. Baseline separation of the 8 target compounds was achieved in 1 min by the UHPLC with a short C18 core‐shell column. The method was successfully applied to analyze the compounds in fresh and dried powdered gingers, and dietary supplements. The total contents of the major compounds in the fresh gingers, dried powdered gingers, and dietary supplements were in the range of 1114 to 1478, 4380 to 11324, and 2915 to 29998 mg/kg, respectively. There was about 10‐fold variation of the content in the dietary supplements with the commercial brands. This represents the 1st report on the ionization polarity and mobile phase modifier on the sensitivity of gingerols and shogaols in LC‐mass spectrometry. Furthermore, the established method provided great improvement in chromatographic separation of the target gingerols.
Fractionation and assimilation of Mg isotopes by fungi is species dependent
Authors: Fahad Zaenab A. , Bolou‐Bi Emile B. , Köhler Stephan J. , Finlay Roger D. , Mahmood Shahid 
Published: September 2016

SummarySymbiotic ectomycorrhizal fungi mobilize nutrients from both organic and inorganic substrates and supply them to their host plants. Their role in mobilizing base cations and phosphorus from mineral substrates through weathering has received increasing attention in recent years but the processes involved remain to be elucidated. We grew selected ectomycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal fungi in axenic systems containing mineral and organic substrates and examined their capacity to fractionate and assimilate stable isotopes of magnesium. The mycorrhizal fungi were significantly depleted in heavy isotopes with the lowest Δ26Mg values (the difference between δ26Mg in fungal tissue and δ26Mg in the substrate) compared with nonmycorrhizal fungi, when grown on mineral substrates containing granite particles. The ectomycorrhizal fungi accumulated significantly higher concentrations of Mg, K and P than the nonmycorrhizal fungi. There was a highly significant statistical relationship between δ26Mg tissue signature and mycelial concentration of Mg, with a clear separation between most ectomycorrhizal fungi and the nonmycorrhizal fungi. These results are consistent with the idea that ectomycorrhizal fungi have evolved efficient mechanisms to mobilize, transport and store Mg within their mycelia.