bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercise attenuates alveolar bone loss and anxiety‐like behaviour in rats with periodontitis
Authors: Andrade Eric F. , Orlando Débora R. , Gomes Júlia A. S. , Foureaux Renata de C. , Costa Rafael C. , Varaschin Mary S. , Rogatto Gustavo P. , de Moura Rodrigo F. , Pereira Luciano J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effects of physical training on inflammatory and behavioural parameters of Wistar rats with periodontal disease (PD).Materials and MethodsTwenty four animals were distributed in a 2 × 2 factorial design (with and without exercise, with and without PD). Trained animals swimmed one hour daily during 8 weeks. PD was induced by ligature 14 days before the end of experiment, and in the last week, all animals were submitted to the Marble Burying Test. Histomorphometric analyses of the mandibles and expression of cytokines were conducted by Western blotting. We also evaluated the morphometry of hippocampal astrocytes using anti‐glial fibrillary acidic protein antibody.ResultsPhysical training attenuated bone loss and epithelial attachment loss levels of rats with PD. Trained animals with PD presented lower TNF‐α expression in periodontal tissues while IL‐10 was increased. TNF‐α/IL‐10 ratio was lower in trained animals with PD compared to those with induced periodontitis. PD increased anxiety‐like behaviour, and physical training attenuated this parameter. Exercise increased the ramifications of hippocampal astrocytes in rats without PD.ConclusionsExercise decreased anxiety behaviour, inflammatory proteins expression and bone loss in rats with PD.
Viscous drag on the flagellum activates Bacillus subtilis entry into the K‐state
Authors: Diethmaier Christine , Chawla Ravi , Canzoneri Alexandra , Kearns Daniel B. , Lele Pushkar P. , Dubnau David 
Published: August 2017

SummaryBacillus subtilis flagella are not only required for locomotion but also act as sensors that monitor environmental changes. Although how the signal transmission takes place is poorly understood, it has been shown that flagella play an important role in surface sensing by transmitting a mechanical signal to control the DegS‐DegU two‐component system. Here we report a role for flagella in the regulation of the K‐state, which enables transformability and antibiotic tolerance (persistence). Mutations impairing flagellar synthesis are inferred to increase DegU‐P, which inhibits the expression of ComK, the master regulator for the K‐state, and reduces transformability. Tellingly, both deletion of the flagellin gene and straight filament (hagA233V) mutations increased DegU phosphorylation despite the fact that both mutants had wild type numbers of basal bodies and the flagellar motors were functional. We propose that higher viscous loads on flagellar motors result in lower DegU‐P levels through an unknown signaling mechanism. This flagellar‐load based mechanism ensures that cells in the motile subpopulation have a tenfold enhanced likelihood of entering the K‐state and taking up DNA from the environment. Further, our results suggest that the developmental states of motility and competence are related and most commonly occur in the same epigenetic cell type.
Characterization and pathogenicity assessment of Plectosphaerella species associated with stunting disease on tomato and pepper crops in Italy
Authors: Raimondo M. L. , Carlucci A. 
Published: August 2017

This study follows a survey carried out in 2012 and 2013 on tomato and pepper crops in the Foggia province (southern Italy), for morphological, molecular and pathogenicity analyses of Plectosphaerella fungi. The Plectosphaerella genus includes several species that are pathogens of horticultural plants. The survey identified tomato and pepper crops that showed abundant wilt, leaf yellowing, and discolouration and necrosis of roots, plus collar and stem symptoms. Different fungi including Plectosphaerella spp. were isolated from tissues with and without symptoms. Subsequent molecular and morphological studies identified first records of P. citrulli infecting tomato and pepper, and P. pauciseptata and P. ramiseptata infecting pepper. Pathogenicity testing confirmed that most isolated species of Plectosphaerella caused symptoms on tomato and pepper, with P. ramiseptata the most aggressive. On the basis of these data, it is considered that Plectosphaerella species may cause stunting disease in tomato and pepper.
Perspectives on Cybersecurity Information Sharing among Multiple Stakeholders Using a Decision‐Theoretic Approach
Authors: He Meilin , Devine Laura , Zhuang Jun 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe government, private sectors, and others users of the Internet are increasingly faced with the risk of cyber incidents. Damage to computer systems and theft of sensitive data caused by cyber attacks have the potential to result in lasting harm to entities under attack, or to society as a whole. The effects of cyber attacks are not always obvious, and detecting them is not a simple proposition. As the U.S. federal government believes that information sharing on cybersecurity issues among organizations is essential to safety, security, and resilience, the importance of trusted information exchange has been emphasized to support public and private decision making by encouraging the creation of the Information Sharing and Analysis Center (ISAC). Through a decision‐theoretic approach, this article provides new perspectives on ISAC, and the advent of the new Information Sharing and Analysis Organizations (ISAOs), which are intended to provide similar benefits to organizations that cannot fit easily into the ISAC structure. To help understand the processes of information sharing against cyber threats, this article illustrates 15 representative information sharing structures between ISAC, government, and other participating entities, and provide discussions on the strategic interactions between different stakeholders. This article also identifies the costs of information sharing and information security borne by different parties in this public‐private partnership both before and after cyber attacks, as well as the two main benefits. This article provides perspectives on the mechanism of information sharing and some detailed cost–benefit analysis.
Dynamic Blowout Risk Analysis Using Loss Functions
Authors: Abimbola Majeed , Khan Faisal 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMost risk analysis approaches are static; failing to capture evolving conditions. Blowout, the most feared accident during a drilling operation, is a complex and dynamic event. The traditional risk analysis methods are useful in the early design stage of drilling operation while falling short during evolving operational decision making. A new dynamic risk analysis approach is presented to capture evolving situations through dynamic probability and consequence models. The dynamic consequence models, the focus of this study, are developed in terms of loss functions. These models are subsequently integrated with the probability to estimate operational risk, providing a real‐time risk analysis. The real‐time evolving situation is considered dependent on the changing bottom‐hole pressure as drilling progresses. The application of the methodology and models are demonstrated with a case study of an offshore drilling operation evolving to a blowout.
Gender asymmetries: Impacts of an early‐stage school intervention in the Philippines
Authors: Yamauchi Futoshi , Liu Yanyan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper examines long‐term impacts of improved school quality at the elementary school cycle on subsequent schooling investments and labor market outcomes using unique data from a survey that tracked nearly 3,500 former students in the Philippines. The Third Elementary Education Project (TEEP) intervention introduced a package of investments and management reforms at the school level, including classroom constructions, textbooks, teacher training, and school‐based management in the period of 2000 to 2006. The impacts on subsequent schooling investments and labor market earnings differ between females and males. The intervention significantly increased earnings among females, which reduced the existing wage gap by gender. However, the findings on schooling outcomes are mixed; the gender gap tended to widen, enhancing females’ existing relative advantage in schooling, though their impacts are insignificant for both females and males.
Interpopulation variability and adaptive potential for reduced glyphosate sensitivity in Alopecurus myosuroides
Authors: Davies L R , Neve P 
Published: August 2017

SummaryGlyphosate use in the United Kingdom has more than doubled in the last 20 years. Much of this increase is driven by efforts to control herbicide resistant weeds, particularly Alopecurus myosuroides, prior to crop drilling. There is precedent for evolution of glyphosate resistance in similar situations, raising concerns over the sustainability of glyphosate use in the UK. We used dose–response experiments to examine variation in glyphosate sensitivity amongst 40 field‐collected A. myosuroides populations. No populations were resistant to glyphosate, but ED90 values ranged between 354 and 610 g a.i. ha−1. Five populations had ED90 values significantly higher than the unexposed control population collected from a site at Rothamsted Research with no previous glyphosate exposure. Recurrent selection experiments were performed to determine whether variation in glyphosate sensitivity had a heritable basis. Following two rounds of selection, five of six field populations evolved significantly reduced sensitivity to glyphosate, with R/S ratios, based on estimated ED50 values, ranging from 1.2 to 1.5. These results confirm that there is a heritable basis to variation in glyphosate sensitivity. The response to selection was modest. Evolved populations were not highly resistant to glyphosate, although some twice‐selected individuals survived recommended field rates. These results do not represent definitive proof of the potential of A. myosuroides to evolve glyphosate resistance, although they do indicate caution is needed when considering the sustainability of increased glyphosate use to control this herbicide resistance‐prone species.
Mental practice for chronic pain in people with spinal cord injury: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Opsommer Emmanuelle , Korogod Natalya 
Published: August 2017

Review question/objective:
: The primary objective of this systematic review is to identify the effects of mental practice (MP) interventions on chronic neuropathic and nociceptive pain and motor function recovery in individuals after spinal cord injury (SCI). Where possible, this review will also describe the optimal type and dosage (i.e. frequency, intensity and duration) of MP interventions for patients with SCI.
Quality indicators for screening colonoscopies and colonoscopist performance and the subsequent risk of interval bowel cancer: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Lund Martin , Trads Mette , Erichsen Rune , Andersen Berit 
Published: August 2017

Review question/objective:
: The objective of this systematic review is to assess the association between quality indicators related to the individual colonoscopist's performance and subsequent interval cancers in patients participating in bowel cancer screening programs, following the JBI approach.
1

This systematic review of association will search all relevant literature on the subject to answer the following review questions:1. Are the commonly used quality indicators of cecal intubation rate (CIR), adenoma detection rate (ADR), polyp recovery (PR), withdrawal time (WT), and incomplete adenoma resection (IAR)/incomplete polyp resection (IPR) associated with the outcome of interval cancer?2. Is it possible to determine cut-off values that are significantly associated with each of the quality indicators mentioned above and the outcome of interval cancer?
Patient perspectives on interprofessional collaboration between healthcare professionals during hospitalization: a qualitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Didier Amélia , Campbell Joan , Franco Loris , Serex Magali , Staffoni-Donadini Liliana , Gachoud David , Zumstein-Shaha Maya 
Published: August 2017

Review question/objective:
: The objective of this qualitative systematic review is to examine the available evidence on interprofessional collaboration from the patients’ perspectives, specifically on: i) interprofessional collaboration in adult or pediatric wards during hospitalization; ii) the influence of interprofessional collaboration on the patient's care, safety and well-being in adult or pediatric wards during hospitalization; and (iii) the patient's role in the interprofessional collaboration process in adult or pediatric wards during hospitalization.
Draft Nuclear Genome, Complete Chloroplast Genome, and Complete Mitochondrial Genome for the Biofuel/Bioproduct Feedstock Species
Scenedesmus obliquus
Strain DOE0152z
Authors: Starkenburg S. R. , Polle J. E. W. , Hovde B. , Daligault H. E. , Davenport K. W. , Huang A. , Neofotis P. , McKie-Krisberg Z. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

The green alga
Scenedesmus obliquus
is an emerging platform species for the industrial production of biofuels. Here, we report the draft assembly and annotation for the nuclear, plastid, and mitochondrial genomes of
S. obliquus
strain DOE0152z.
Draft Genome Sequences from a Novel Clade of Bacillus cereus
Sensu Lato
Strains, Isolated from the International Space Station
Authors: Venkateswaran Kasthuri , Checinska Sielaff Aleksandra , Ratnayake Shashikala , Pope Robert K. , Blank Thomas E. , Stepanov Victor G. , Fox George E. , van Tongeren Sandra P. , Torres Clinton , Allen Jonathan , Jaing Crystal , Pierson Duane , Perry Jay , Koren Sergey , Phillippy Adam , Klubnik Joy , Treangen Todd J. , Rosovitz M. J. , Bergman Nicholas H. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

The draft genome sequences of six
Bacillus
strains, isolated from the International Space Station and belonging to the
Bacillus anthracis
-
B. cereus
-
B. thuringiensis
group, are presented here. These strains were isolated from the Japanese Experiment Module (one strain), U.S. Harmony Node 2 (three strains), and Russian Segment Zvezda Module (two strains).
IndOSS-Assam: investigating the feasibility of introducing a simple maternal morbidity surveillance and research system in Assam, India
Authors: Nair Manisha , Choudhury Manoj K , Choudhury Saswati S , Kakoty Swapna D , Sarma Umesh C , Webster Premila , Knight Marian 
Published: August 2017

ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of establishing a simple maternal morbidity surveillance system in Assam (Indian Obstetric Surveillance System-Assam (IndOSS-Assam)) to investigate the incidence and trends in severe maternal complications. This study presents the surveillance platform of IndOSS-Assam.DesignFour tasks were undertaken: (1) setting up of a steering committee; (2) establishing priorities for the region; (3) mapping of surveillance sites; (4) piloting case-notification systems in selected centres.SettingTwo government tertiary hospitals in the state.Study populationPregnant women delivering in the hospitals between March and August 2015.Main outcome measuresIncidence and case fatality rates with 95% CIs.ResultsLocal stakeholder ownership and a simple uncomplicated anonymous system for case notification were the key strengths of this project. Cases and deaths were reported for six conditions: eclampsia, postpartum haemorrhage, puerperal sepsis, septic abortion, uterine rupture and anaemic heart failure. Among 10 475 women delivering over 6 months, 402 had one of these conditions and 66 died (case fatality 16%). The incidence of eclampsia was 17 per 1000 deliveries (95% CI 14 to 19), postpartum haemorrhage was 11 per 1000 deliveries (95% CI 10 to 13) and anaemic heart failure was 3 per 1000 deliveries (95% CI 2 to 5). For each of the other three conditions—puerperal sepsis, septic abortion and uterine rupture—the incidence rate was 2 per 1000 deliveries.ConclusionsIndOSS-Assam was shown to be a feasible and simple system for ongoing surveillance of maternal morbidity that can be used to monitor the trends in the incidence of specific severe life-threatening conditions during pregnancy.
Role of atmospheric pollution on the natural history of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Sesé Lucile , Nunes Hilario , Cottin Vincent , Sanyal Shreosi , Didier Morgane , Carton Zohra , Israel-Biet Dominique , Crestani Bruno , Cadranel Jacques , Wallaert Benoit , Tazi Abdellatif , Maître Bernard , Prévot Grégoire , Marchand-Adam Sylvain , Guillot-Dudoret Stéphanie , Nardi Annelyse , Dury Sandra , Giraud Violaine , Gondouin Anne , Juvin Karine , Borie Raphael , Wislez Marie , Valeyre Dominique , Annesi-Maesano Isabella 
Published: August 2017

IntroductionIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has an unpredictable course corresponding to various profiles: stability, physiological disease progression and rapid decline. A minority of patients experience acute exacerbations (AEs). A recent study suggested that ozone and nitrogen dioxide might contribute to the occurrence of AE. We hypothesised that outdoor air pollution might influence the natural history of IPF.MethodsPatients were selected from the French cohort COhorte FIbrose (COFI), a national multicentre longitudinal prospective cohort of IPF (n=192). Air pollutant levels were assigned to each patient from the air quality monitoring station closest to the patient’s geocoded residence. Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the impact of air pollution on AE, disease progression and death.ResultsOnset of AEs was significantly associated with an increased mean level of ozone in the six preceding weeks, with an HR of 1.47 (95% CI 1.13 to 1.92) per 10 µg/m3 (p=0.005). Cumulative levels of exposure to particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5 were above WHO recommendations in 34% and 100% of patients, respectively. Mortality was significantly associated with increased levels of exposure to PM10 (HR=2.01, 95% CI 1.07 to 3.77) per 10 µg/m3 (p=0.03), and PM2.5 (HR=7.93, 95% CI 2.93 to 21.33) per 10 µg/m3 (p<0.001).ConclusionThis study suggests that air pollution has a negative impact on IPF outcomes, corroborating the role of ozone on AEs and establishing, for the first time, the potential role of long-term exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 on overall mortality.
Phase transformation in ultrathin Y–Ba–Cu–O films by high-pressure oxygen annealing
Authors: Zhang Chao , Zhang Hao , Wei John Y. T. 
Published: August 2017

To examine the thermodynamic phase stability of Y–Ba–Cu–O superconductors in ultrathin film form, we study the effects of high-pressure oxygen annealing and Cu enrichment on YBa2Cu3O[Formula: see text] films ranging from 8 nm to 15 nm in thickness. The films are grown epitaxially on SrTiO3 substrates by pulsed laser-ablated deposition, and post-annealed in 475 atm of oxygen at 800[Formula: see text]C while subjected to varying concentrations of excess CuO. X-ray diffraction (XRD) on the annealed films shows evidence for suppression of YBa2Cu3O[Formula: see text] and formation of Y2Ba4Cu8O[Formula: see text]. This structural transformation towards a higher-oxidation phase is expectedly correlated with film thinness and Cu enrichment.
A Model-Based Assessment of Potential Impacts of Man-Made Reservoirs on Precipitation
Authors: Winchester Jesse , Mahmood Rezaul , Rodgers William , Hossain Faisal , Rappin Eric , Durkee Joshua , Chronis Themis 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Land-use land-cover change (LULCC) plays an important role in weather and climate systems. Human modifications of land cover include building reservoirs and thus creating artificial lakes for multipurpose use. In this research, the authors have completed a Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model–based assessment of impacts of two large parallel lakes on precipitation. This area is located in the western part of the states of Kentucky and Tennessee and known as the Land between the Lakes (LBL). To determine the impacts, this study has replaced the lakes with grass, deciduous forests, and bare soil and conducted model simulations for three precipitation events of different magnitudes.
The analysis suggests that precipitation increased in some cases and reduced in others. One of the key impacts of LULCC in the LBL area is the relocation of precipitation cells and also the timing of precipitation. Local precipitation amounts increased or decreased with these relocations. In summary, establishment of lakes or replacement of lakes with alternate land cover may modify local precipitation in the LBL area.
Gender and evolutionary theory in workplace health promotion
Authors: Björklund Erika , Wright Jan 
Published: August 2017

Objective: Ideas from evolutionary theories are increasingly taken up in health promotion. This article seeks to demonstrate how such a trend has the potential to embed essentialist and limiting stereotypes of women and men in health promotion practice. Design: We draw on material gathered for a larger ethnographic study that examined how discourses of health were re-contextualised in four workplace health promotion interventions in Sweden. Method: This study provided the opportunity to investigate how ideas derived from evolutionary theories produced particular constructs of the healthy employee. A Foucauldian notion of governmentality was used to examine the rationalities, truths and techniques that informed what we have called a ‘Stone Age’ discourse as these contributed to shaping the desires, actions and beliefs of lecturers and participants in the interventions. Results: We focus on one intervention which used the Stone Age discourse as an organising idea to constitute differences in women’s and men’s health through references to women as gatherers and men as hunters, thereby positioning men as the physical, emotional and mental ideal and women as the problematic and lacking ‘other’. Conclusion: The paper concludes by discussing the implications of such ideas about health and gender for interventions aimed at changing behaviour and lifestyles.
Extracellular Matrix Cartilage Allograft and Particulate Cartilage Allograft for Osteochondral Lesions of the Knee and Ankle Joints: A Systematic Review
Authors: Seow Dexter , Yasui Youichi , Hurley Eoghan T. , Ross Andrew W. , Murawski Christopher D. , Shimozono Yoshiharu , Kennedy John G. 
Published: August 2017

Background: Extracellular matrix cartilage allografts (EMCAs) and particulate cartilage allografts (PCAs) are relatively new biologics that may improve the quality of cartilage regeneration after bone marrow stimulation. The increasing popularity of these novel biologics in the treatment of osteochondral lesions (OCLs) of the knee and ankle joints prompts a systematic evaluation of their efficacies. Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review was to clarify the effectiveness of EMCAs and PCAs on cartilage regeneration. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, IV. Methods: Two reviewers searched MEDLINE and Embase in February 2016 based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Predetermined variables from each study were extracted and analyzed. Results: For EMCAs, 1 in vitro study and 2 clinical studies for OCLs of the ankle joint were found. For PCAs, 3 in vitro studies, 5 clinical studies for OCLs of the knee joint, and 5 clinical studies for OCLs of the ankle joint were found. For all studies, in vitro chondrogenesis and clinical outcomes favored EMCAs and PCAs. However, the highest level of evidence was IV, and the methodological quality of evidence was indicated to be poor. Conclusion: Both EMCAs and PCAs have yielded favorable outcomes in both in vitro and clinical studies. However, the available studies were of limited data with significant confounding factors. Therefore, it is unclear whether the effectiveness of these novel biologics is any greater than that of bone marrow stimulation alone in the repair of knee and ankle cartilage.