bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the levels of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque and saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis
Authors: Venkata Tejaswini , Chickanna Rudrakshi , Prabhuji M. L. V. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Objectives: Presence of Helicobacter pylori in the oral cavity may enhance the risk for gastric re-infection; hence, the present study was carried out to detect and compare the levels of H. pylori in subgingival plaque and saliva of patients with periodontal health and chronic periodontitis at baseline and 3 months following scaling and root planing (SRP). Methods: A total of 45 patients with 30 patients having chronic periodontitis (test group) and 15 periodontally healthy patients (control group) were considered. H. pylori was detected in subgingival plaque and saliva samples, collected at baseline and at 3 months using polymerase chain reaction. Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months. Results: At the baseline, in test group 60% and 40% of the samples were positive for H. pylori and in control group 26.7% and 13.3% of the samples were positive for H. pylori in subgingival plaque and saliva, respectively. At 3 months, 26.7% and 20% samples were positive for H. pylori in the test group and in control group 13.3% and 6.7% samples were positive for H. pylori in subgingival plaque and saliva, respectively, demonstrating higher levels of H. pylori in dental plaque than in saliva. There was a significant reduction in the percentage of H. pylori in subgingival plaque following SRP. Conclusion: Periodontal treatment has shown to be effective in reducing the levels of H. pylori from the oral cavity.
Early interception of mandibular shifting: A longitudinal approach from deciduous through mixed and permanent dentitions
Authors: Fornazari Isabelle Adad , Antelo Oscar Mario , Locks Leonardo Likes , Saga Armando Yukio , Tanaka Orlando Motohiro 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA Class II malocclusion with a unilateral posterior crossbite in the late deciduous dentition is a challenging type of malocclusion to intercept. The objective is to analyze the long-term changes in a patient with a skeletal Class II division 1 malocclusion. A 5-year-old female child who was referred from a pediatric dentist came for consultation. Correction of posterior crossbite involves expansion of the maxillary arch with the aim of removal of occlusal interferences and elimination of the functional shift of the mandible. The treatment comprised three stages: (1) Expansion of the maxillary arch was performed with a modified Haas palatal expander and the clinical procedures thus resulted in improved facial symmetry and satisfactory functional occlusion in the mixed dentition (8 years 10 months). (2) Distalization of maxillary first molars was done with a Kloehn type headgear and a lip bumper was placed in the mandible to maintain the arch perimeter (12 years). (3) A 0.022 inch × 0.028 inch standard edgewise fixed appliance was used for comprehensive orthodontic treatment and the objectives were accomplished (14 years 5 months). The results showed great improvements in function and esthetics, and posttreatment stability was good after 7 years and 5 months.
A Time Second-Order Mass-Conserved Implicit-Explicit Domain Decomposition Scheme for Solving the Diffusion Equations
Authors: Zhou Zhongguo , Liang Dong 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn the paper, a new time second-order mass-conserved implicit/explicit domain decomposition method (DDM) for the diffusion equations is proposed. In the scheme, firstly, we calculate the interface fluxes of sub-domains from the obtained solutions and fluxes at the previous time level, for which we apply high-order Taylor’s expansion and transfer the time derivatives to spatial derivatives to improve the accuracy. Secondly, the interior solutions and fluxes in sub-domains are computed by the implicit scheme and using the relations between solutions and fluxes, without any correction step. The mass conservation is proved and the convergence order of the numerical solutions is proved to be second-order in both time and space steps. The super-convergence of numerical fluxes is also proved to be second-order in both time and space steps. The scheme is stable under the stable conditionr≤3/5. The important feature is that the proposed domain decomposition scheme is mass-conserved and is of second order convergence in time. Numerical experiments confirm the theoretical results.
Convergence Rates of a Class of Predictor-Corrector Iterations for the Nonsymmetric Algebraic Riccati Equation Arising in Transport Theory
Authors: Dong Ning , Jin Jicheng , Yu Bo 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we analyse the convergence rates of several different predictor-corrector iterations for computing the minimal positive solution of the nonsymmetric algebraic Riccati equation arising in transport theory. We have shown theoretically that the new predictor-corrector iteration given in [Numer. Linear Algebra Appl., 21 (2014), pp. 761–780] will converge no faster than the simple predictor-corrector iteration and the nonlinear block Jacobi predictor-corrector iteration. Moreover the last two have the same asymptotic convergence rate with the nonlinear block Gauss-Seidel iteration given in [SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 30 (2008), pp. 804–818]. Preliminary numerical experiments have been reported for the validation of the developed comparison theory.
Numerical Simulation for the Variable-Order Fractional Schrödinger Equation with the Quantum Riesz-Feller Derivative
Authors: Sweilam N. H. , Abou Hasan M. M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this paper the space variable-order fractional Schrödinger equation (VOFSE) is studied numerically, where the variable-order fractional derivative is described here in the sense of the quantum Riesz-Feller definition. The proposed numerical method is the weighted average non-standard finite difference method (WANSFDM). Special attention is given to study the stability analysis and the convergence of the proposed method. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to show that this method is reliable and computationally efficient.
Secondary Analysis of an Electronic Surveillance System Combined with Multi-focal Interventions for Early Detection of Sepsis
Authors: Westra Bonnie , Landman Sean , Yadav Pranjul , Steinbach Michael 
Published: January 2017

SummarySummary: To conduct an independent secondary analysis of a multi-focal intervention for early detection of sepsis that included implementation of change management strategies, electronic surveil-lance for sepsis, and evidence based point of care alerting using the POC AdvisorTM application. Methods: Propensity score matching was used to select subsets of the cohorts with balanced covariates. Bootstrapping was performed to build distributions of the measured difference in rates/ means. The effect of the sepsis intervention was evaluated for all patients, and High and Low Risk subgroups for illness severity. A separate analysis was performed patients on the intervention and non-intervention units (without the electronic surveillance). Sensitivity, specificity, and the positive predictive values were calculated to evaluate the accuracy of the alerting system for detecting sepsis or severe sepsis/ septic shock.Results: There was positive effect on the intervention units with sepsis electronic surveillance with an adjusted mortality rate of –6.6%. Mortality rates for non-intervention units also improved, but at a lower rate of –2.9%. Additional outcomes improved for patients on both intervention and non-intervention units for home discharge (7.5% vs 1.1%), total length of hospital stay (-0.9% vs –0.3%), and 30 day readmissions (-6.6% vs –1.6%). Patients on the intervention units showed better outcomes compared with non-intervention unit patients, and even more so for High Risk patients. The sensitivity was 95.2%, specificity of 82.0% and PPV of 50.6% for the electronic surveillance alerts. Conclusion: There was improvement over time across the hospital for patients on the intervention and non-intervention units with more improvement for sicker patients. Patients on intervention units with electronic surveillance have better outcomes; however, due to differences in exclusion criteria and types of units, further study is needed to draw a direct relationship between the electronic surveillance system and outcomes.
International Trauma System Development Program: Estrategía para el Desarrollo de Politicas de Prevención Basado en Datos Reales
Authors: Badiel Marisol , Pino Luis Fernando , Morales Mónica , Herrera Juan Pablo , Rojas-Mirquez Johanna Carolina , Toro David Alejandro Mejía , Abutanos Michael 
Published: January 2017

RESUMEN

Objetivo
Describir la experiencia y utilidad del registro de trauma durante dos años en un hospital de alta complejidad del suroccidente Colombiano.

Materiales y métodos
Registro poblacional a partir del cual se realizó un estudio de corte transversal durante dos años con pacientes con lesiones externas y/o traumáticas que ingresaron al Hospital Universitario del Valle de la ciudad de Cali. Se recolectaron variables demográficas, relacionadas con mecanismos de trauma, severidad (ISS) y mortalidad.

Resultados
Se registraron 16.579 pacientes. El 71,8% eran hombres con edad promedio de 29 (±20) años y la mayoría de ellos tenían entre 18 a 35 años de edad (37,8%). El 20,7% de las lesiones fueron secundarias a hechos violentos, ocurridas en un 50,2% en calles y avenidas de la ciudad. Las caídas como mecanismo de trauma representan un 33,2% de los pacientes, seguido de lesiones de tránsito en un 22,3%, lesión por arma de fuego 11,9% y lesión por arma blanca 10%. El 29,4% de los pacientes presentaron trauma múltiple, 26,7% trauma en miembros inferiores y 22% trauma en cabeza. Los pacientes con ISS ≥15 en su mayoría se encontraron entre los 18-35 años (7,5%). La mayoría de pacientes (25%) que sufrieron lesión por arma de fuego presentaron un ISS ≥15, y la mortalidad de estos pacientes fue de 77,9%.

Conclusión
Un porcentaje importante de la población entre los 18-35 años presentó algún tipo de trauma, en quienes se hace imperativo la implementación y seguimiento de programas enfocados a prevenir la violencia y disminuir las conductas de riesgo. El registro de trauma ha demostrado ser útil y efectivo para la institución y para la población del suroccidente Colombiano, pues permite el desarrollo de nuevos procesos de atención e investigación clínica basado en datos reales que mejoraran la calidad del servicio y la capacidad instalada en atención del trauma.

How to cite this article
Ordoñez CA, Rojas-Mirquez JC, Morales M, Badiel M, Pino LF, Herrera JP, Puyana JC, Toro DAM, Abutanos M, Ivatury RR. International Trauma System Development Program: Estrategía para el Desarrollo de Politicas de Prevención Basado en Datos Reales. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2016;5(3):117-125.
Combination of Serum C-reactive Protein and D-lactate: Predictors of Strangulation in Intestinal Obstruction
Authors: Pal Ajay K , Ansari Maulana M , Islam Najmul 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionSerum C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-lactate have been proposed as markers of intestinal ischemia. The purpose of this prospective observational study is to find whether serum CRP and serum D-lactate can help in predicting strangulation in cases of acute intestinal obstruction.Materials and methodsA total of 50 consecutive patients were included in the study after excluding patients of comorbid medical illness and patients with findings other than obstruction or strangulation. The serum values of CRP and D-lactate were measured and compared between obstruction with strangulation and obstruction without strangulation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn and cutoff values for the diagnosis of strangulation were calculated along with calculation of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPVs), and negative predictive values (NPVs).ResultsA total of 14 patients who were diagnosed with strangulated bowel obstruction had significantly higher values of serum CRP and D-lactate when compared with 36 patients with simple bowel obstruction (116vs40 mg/L and 5.4vs2.7 mmol/L respectively, p < 0.05). Using ROC analysis, the area under the curve of serum CRP and D-lactate was found to be 0.785 and 0.775 respectively, for bowel strangulation. Using a cutoff value of 60 mg/L for CRP, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 87.5, 58.3, 48.3, 91.3% respectively. Using a cutoff value of 4.5 mmol/L for D-lactate, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 75.0, 69.4, 52.7, 86.2% respectively.ConclusionSerum CRP and D-lactate can be useful and reasonable markers for predicting strangulation in cases of acute intestinal obstruction in an emergency setting.How to cite this articlePal AK, Ansari MM, Islam N. Combination of Serum C-reactive Protein and D-lactate: Predictors of Strangulation in Intestinal Obstruction. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2016;5(3):134-139.
Object impaled in the Thorax: Review Study
Authors: Botelho-Filho Fabio , Drumond Domingos AF , Starling Sizenando V , Peixoto Leonardo C , Zille Diego P , Constantino Gabriela DC 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
The aim of this study is to describe the management of a patient who presents with a penetrating chest trauma due to impalement by an offending object, be it a knife, metal structure, or other type of object.

Background
Until today, many institutions have treated this type of injury with urgent thoracotomy, despite advances in thoracoscopy and radiologic studies. A review was performed principally to discuss the use of nonoperative treatment, thoracoscopy, and thoracotomy. Thirty-two patients described as case reports in 27 articles were reviewed to carry out this descriptive study. For each patient, the following variables were studied: Age, gender, trauma mechanism, hemodynamic stability upon admission, treatment type, injuries encountered and associated with the condition, complications, and the final disposition of death vs survival.

Review results
Twenty-one patients were treated with thoracotomy or sternotomy, seven patients with removal of the impaling object without surgery, and five patients with removal of the object using thoracoscopic assistance (one patient was treated with the assistance of thoracoscopy on the right side and with direct removal on the left side). A summary of the evidence reviewed is provided in a flowchart.

Conclusion
With technological advancements, especially in thoracoscopy and computed tomography, many of these injuries are responsive to less invasive treatment. Thoracotomy, considered the standard of care in many trauma centers, can be reserved for specific cases.

Clinical significance
Pursuant to some of the criteria listed in this study, as occurs in our institution, the thoracotomy rate can be reduced, thereby reducing mortality and benefiting patients.

How to cite this article
Botelho-Filho F, Drumond DAF, Starling SV, Peixoto LC, Zille DP, Constantino GDC. Object impaled in the Thorax: Review Study. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2016;5(3):148-154.
Hérnias Diafragmáticas Traumáticas com Lesão Pericárdica: Apresentação e Complicaçōes Específicas
Authors: Netto Fernando Spencer , Mierzwa Tiago Cesar , Silva Mariana Thalita Bertolin , Oliveira Luan Geraldo Ocaña de , Santos Djoney Rafael dos , Barbosa Jean Carlo 
Published: January 2017

RESUMEN

Introducción
Hernia diafragmática traumática (HDT) se puede evolucionar con diversas complicaciones. Pacientes con lesión asociada al pericárdico, presentan risco de evolucionar con complicaciones específicas que se pueden llevar al óbito.

Objetivo
Este estudio tiene como objetivo dos casos de HDT con extensión pericárdico, con presentación o complicación grave e específica.

Casos clínicos
Primer caso: Paciente masculino de 34 años fue víctima de una caída de nivel de 8 metros de altura. Tomografía computadorizada (TC) mostró herniación del estómago para la cavidad torácica, líquido intraperitoneal y fracturas de la pelvis y acetabular. Fue sometido a laparotomía exploratoria por inestabilidad hemodinámica. En el postoperatorio inmediato, se observó la saída de alto flujo sanguíneo por tubo torácico, necesitando acercamiento por toracotomía, siendo realizado ligación del vaso sangrante del pericárdico. Presentó Buena evolución postoperatorio y sigue en la asistencia. Segundo caso: Paciente masculino de 54 años fue víctima de atropellamiento por motocicleta. Tomografía computadorizada mostró herniación del estómago para el saco pericárdico. Desarrollo un cuadro clínico de tamponamiento cardíaco y fue sujeto a laparotomía, que mostró hernia diafragmática intrapericárdica, la cual fue reducida, con mejora hemodinámica inmediata. Sin embargo, el paciente evolucionó con disfunción de múltiple órganos y sistemas, y falleció, dos días después de la admisión.

Conclusiones
La HDT con extensión pericárdica puede tener presentación o complicaciones específicas, como tamponamiento pericárdico por vísceras abdominales y sangría del pericárdico, que pueden llevar a óbito si no identificado y tratada rápidamente.

Importancia clínica
Debido la alta morbilidad y mortalidad, el diagnóstico precoz de la lesión pericárdica asociada a la hernia diafragmática a través de imagen y mientras la cirugía es de gran importancia, permitiendo un enfoque dirigido, que se pueda mejorar el desenlace clínico del paciente.

How to cite this article
Netto FS, Mierzwa TC, Bertolin Silva MT, de Oliveira LGO, dos Santos DR, Barbosa JC. Hernias Diafragmaticas Traumaticas com Lesao Pericardica: Apresentacao e Complicacōes Especifiçãs. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2016;5(3):161-165.
Endovascular Stenting for Traumatic Common Iliac Pseudoaneurysm as an Adjunct following Exploratory Laparotomy in a Stab Injury Patient
Authors: Biswas Saptarshi , Nagarakanti Nishaan 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Traumatic iliac vessel injuries, especially secondary to penetrating wounds, are often associated with a very high mortality rate. The patients usually present to the trauma bay in profound hemorrhagic shock, which, in turn, triggers the vicious cycle of hypothermia, coagulopathy, and acidosis. Iliac artery injuries should be managed promptly because of the high incidence of late complications of pseudoaneurysm and arteriovenous fistulae and risks of subsequent arterial thrombosis and distal ischemia.
We report a case of a 17-year-old female who was brought in following a stab wound in the right lower quadrant (RLQ). A postlaparotomy computed tomography (CT) scan performed revealed a pseudoaneurysm on the right common iliac. A pelvic angiography was performed, which was followed by an endovascular placement of a covered stent on the right common iliac artery.
We discuss an interesting case along with discussion of relevant literature.

How to cite this article
Biswas S, Nagarakanti N. Endovascular Stenting for Traumatic Common Iliac Pseudoaneurysm as an Adjunct following Exploratory Laparotomy in a Stab Injury Patient. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2016;5(3):172-176.
Impact of dust size parameterizations on aerosol burden and radiative forcing in RegCM4
Authors: Tsikerdekis Athanasios , Zanis Prodromos , Steiner Allison L. , Solmon Fabien , Amiridis Vassilis , Marinou Eleni , Katragkou Eleni , Karacostas Theodoros , Foret Gilles 
Published: January 2017

Abstract. We investigate the sensitivity of aerosol representation in the regional climate model RegCM4 for two dust parameterizations for the period 2007–2014 over the Sahara and the Mediterranean. We apply two discretization methods of the dust size distribution keeping the total mass constant: (1) the default RegCM4 4-bin approach, where the size range of each bin is calculated using an equal, logarithmic separation of the total size range of dust, using the diameter of dust particles, and (2) a newly implemented 12-bin approach with each bin defined according to an isogradient method where the size ranges are dependent on the dry deposition velocity of dust particles. Increasing the number of transported dust size bins theoretically improves the representation of the physical properties of dust particles within the same size bin. Thus, more size bins improve the simulation of atmospheric processes. The radiative effects of dust over the area are discussed and evaluated with the CALIPSO dust optical depth (DOD). This study is among the first studies evaluating the vertical profile of simulated dust with a pure dust product. Reanalysis winds from ERA-Interim and the total precipitation flux from the Climate Research Unit (CRU) observational gridded database are used to evaluate and explain the discrepancies between model and observations. The new dust binning approach increases the dust column burden by 4 and 3 % for fine and coarse particles, respectively, which increases DOD by 10 % over the desert and the Mediterranean. Consequently, negative shortwave radiative forcing (RF) is enhanced by more than 10 % at the top of the atmosphere and by 1 to 5 % on the surface. Positive longwave RF locally increases by more than 0.1 W m−2 in a large portion of the Sahara, the northern part of the Arabian Peninsula and the Middle East. The four-bin isolog method is to some extent numerically efficient, nevertheless our work highlights that the simplified representation of the four-bin approach produces less dust optical depth and RF, a fact that should be taken into account by future studies of the same region.
Accurate simulation of transient landscape evolution by eliminating numerical diffusion: the TTLEM 1.0 model
Authors: Campforts Benjamin , Schwanghart Wolfgang , Govers Gerard 
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Landscape evolution models (LEMs) allow the study of earth surface responses to changing climatic and tectonic forcings. While much effort has been devoted to the development of LEMs that simulate a wide range of processes, the numerical accuracy of these models has received less attention. Most LEMs use first-order accurate numerical methods that suffer from substantial numerical diffusion. Numerical diffusion particularly affects the solution of the advection equation and thus the simulation of retreating landforms such as cliffs and river knickpoints. This has potential consequences for the integrated response of the simulated landscape. Here we test a higher-order flux-limiting finite volume method that is total variation diminishing (TVD-FVM) to solve the partial differential equations of river incision and tectonic displacement. We show that using the TVD-FVM to simulate river incision significantly influences the evolution of simulated landscapes and the spatial and temporal variability of catchment-wide erosion rates. Furthermore, a two-dimensional TVD-FVM accurately simulates the evolution of landscapes affected by lateral tectonic displacement, a process whose simulation was hitherto largely limited to LEMs with flexible spatial discretization. We implement the scheme in TTLEM (TopoToolbox Landscape Evolution Model), a spatially explicit, raster-based LEM for the study of fluvially eroding landscapes in TopoToolbox 2.
Chivalric Men and Good(?) Women: Chaucer, Gender, and John Bossewell's Workes of Armorie
Authors: Warren Nancy Bradley 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This article considers the ways in which John Bossewell draws upon Chaucer's Wife of Bath's Tale, Book of the Duchess, and Legend of Good Women in his Workes of Armorie to examine complex questions about the construction and maintenance of English masculine identity. The ways in which Bossewell uses the Legend in dialogue with the Wife of Bath's Tale and the Book of the Duchess serve, at least superficially, to promote a subordinated, passive model of femininity that works as an enhancing foil for chivalric English masculinity. However, the Chaucerian material he includes works in ways almost inexorably contrary to his aims.