bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Droits fondamentaux et hospitalité
Authors: Cavalié Jean-Pierre 
Published: October 2016

L’accueil des migrants et réfugiés montre que dire la loi n’est plus ouvrir des droits. De nouvelles attitudes sont à développer chez les militants de l’hospitalité : la désobéissance civile, la défense des droits premiers que sont la dignité, la circulation et l’établissement, qui sont hiérarchiquement supérieurs au droit de propriété. Il faut chercher à développer les capabilités des personnes accueillies et se soucier de l’effectivité des droits reconnus. Cela implique de chercher à développer le « bien vivre ensemble ». Il n’y a pas à distinguer de motifs économiques, politiques, climatiques de migration. Les pratiques d’hospitalité qui se font jour un peu partout concernent toutes les victimes de l’exclusion sociale, y compris locales.
Le génocide des Amérindiens d’Amazonie brésilienne
Authors: Caubet Christian G. 
Published: October 2016

Les politiciens brésiliens, au nom du « développement », laissent envahir par les forestiers et les nouveaux ruraux les terres dont l’usage est garanti aux Amérindiens par la constitution de 1988. Les violences contre les Amérindiens sont permanentes, et les assassinats, objet d’une recension officielle, sont sous-évalués. Les pratiques génocidaires sont liées au maintien du paradigme colonial qui fait de l’expansion territoriale la condition de la croissance.
La lutte contre la cybercriminalité : de l’abondance de la norme à sa perfectibilité
Authors: Pereira Brigitte 
Published: October 2016

Le développement des réseaux de communication, la généralisation d’Internet, de même que l’accès facilité et continu aux informations sensibles au sein des entreprises, ont conduit à l’accroissement de la cybercriminalité. Si la criminalité est inhérente aux sociétés, elle n’en demeure pas moins une problématique quant à son évolution : liée au développement économique des espaces terrestre, maritime et aérien, elle l’est désormais aussi à celui du cyberespace. C’est la raison pour laquelle la lutte contre la cybercriminalité a fait l’objet d’un développement normatif dense. Toutefois, la norme de nature répressive, même très développée, recouvre une certaine relativité quant à son efficacité. Alors qu’il existe une multitude d’infractions commises dans le cyberespace, la détermination des responsabilités comporte des difficultés, qu’il s’agisse des hébergeurs, des fournisseurs d’accès à Internet ou des éditeurs. Par ailleurs, parce que cette délinquance recouvre une dimension mondiale, la localisation des actes suscite des débats sur l’application de la territorialité du cybercrime. Compte tenu des difficultés spécifiques à appréhender ce type de délinquance affectant fortement le secteur économique, la coopération internationale est présentée comme un moyen efficace de l’enrayer. Or, le développement de la coopération internationale est conditionné.
Diagnosis of del(5q) MDS, 14 years after JAK-2 positive PV appearance: complete remission of both diseases with lenalidomide monotherapy
Authors: Vaccarino Antonella , Dogliotti Irene , Marletto Fabio , Demarchi Andrea , Bazzan Mario 
Published: October 2016

This is the report of the clinical case of a patient who presents the association of a JAK-2 positive chronic myeloproliferative neoplasia to a subsequent 5q- myelodysplastic syndrome, developed after about 14 years from the first diagnosis. Patient’s symptoms had rapidly worsened, and she became transfusion-dependent. Therapy with low-dose Lenalidomide quickly reduced the splenomegaly, and completely brought white cells counts, haemoglobin and platelets back to normal. After more than one year from start, blood cell count is still normal. As far as we know this is the first case of an effective treatment with Lenalidomide reported in this clinical setting.
Association of organochlorine pesticides with the mRNA expression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) & cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) genes in idiopathic preterm birth
Authors: Tyagi Vipin , Mustafa M.D. , Sharma Tusha , Banerjee B.D. , Ahmed Rafat S. , Tripathi A.K. , Guleria Kiran 
Published: October 2016

Background & objectives:
Preterm birth (PTB) is an important cause of prenatal death, neonatal morbidity and mortality and adult illness. Increased inflammation occurs in normal parturition, and inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress are found to be higher in PTB cases. The present study was planned to investigate the association of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) with mRNA expression of inflammatory pathway genes such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in preterm delivery (PTD) cases.

Methods:
Maternal blood samples of PTD (n=30) cases and equal number of term delivery (n=30) were collected at the time of labour. Women occupationally exposed to OCPs and other high risk factors such as anaemia, hypertension, bacterial vaginosis, renal and heart disease, diabetes, etc. were excluded. The OCP levels were estimated by gas chromatography, and mRNA expressions of TNF-α and COX-2 genes were analysed using real-time PCR (qPCR).

Results:
Significantly higher levels of β-HCH (beta-hexachlorocyclohexane, 95% CI=2.08-4.633, P=0.001), p’p’-DDE (para, para-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene, 95% CI=0.546-2.551, P=0.003), and o’p’-DDD (ortho, para-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane, 95% CI=0.004-0.690, P=0.047) were observed in maternal blood of PTB cases as compared to term delivery. The mRNA expressions of COX-2 and TNF-α genes were 3.13 and 2.31 folds higher in PTB cases in comparison to term delivery. Linear positive correlations were observed between period of gestation (POG) and ΔCt of COX-2 and TNF-α genes.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Environmental factors such as OCPs may be associated with inflammatory events showing gene-environment interaction in PTB cases. Evaluating the molecular control of inflammation along with gene environment interaction may be used as a model to explore the aetiology of idiopathic PTB cases and may be considered for the prognosis of adverse reproductive outcomes.
Nucleophosmin mutation analysis in acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Chopra Anita , Soni Sushant , Pati Haraprasad , Kumar Dev , Diwedi Rahul , Verma Deepak , Vishwakama Garima , Bakhshi Sameer , Kumar Suman , Gogia Ajay , Kumar Rajive 
Published: October 2016

Background & objectives:
Mutation of nucleophosmin (NPM1) gene in the absence of FLT3-ITD (FMS related tyrosine kinase 3 - internal tandem duplications) mutation carries a good prognosis in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). NPM1, a multifunctional nucleolar phosphoprotein that shuttles between nucleus and cytoplasm, gets trapped in the cytoplasm when mutated. Immunohistochemical (IHC) demonstration of its aberrant cytoplasmic location (NPMc+) has been suggested as a simple substitute for the standard screening molecular method. This study was aimed to assess the diagnostic utility of IHC on formalin fixed bone marrow biopsies in comparison with the reference molecular method (allele specific oligonucleotide - polymerase chain reaction; ASO-PCR) to predict NPM1 mutation status in AML patients.

Methods:
NPM protein IHC was performed using mouse anti-NPM monoclonal antibody on 35 paraffin-embedded bone marrow biopsies of patients with primary AML of any French-American-British (FAB) subtype. Results of IHC were compared with those of ASO-PCR.

Results:
Of the 35 AML patients, 21 (60%) were positive for NPM1 exon 12 gene mutation by ASO-PCR, 19 (90.47%) of these 21 were NPMc+. Thirteen of the 35 patients were negative by both the methods. One NPMc+ patient was not detected by ASO-PCR. IHC had a sensitivity and specificity of 90 and 93 per cent, respectively, compared to the molecular screening gold standard.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Mutation of NPM1 determined by the widely available and inexpensive IHC agrees closely with results of the standard molecular methods. Thus, technically and financially not well endowed laboratories can provide the prognostically and potentially therapeutically important information on NPM1 mutation using IHC.
Cleistanthus collinus poisoning
Authors: Mohan Alladi , Naik G. Sivaram , Harikrishna J. , Kumar D. Prabath , Rao M.H. , Sarma K.V.S. , Guntupalli K.K. 
Published: October 2016

Background & objectives:
Ingestion of Cleistanthus collinus causes hypokalemia and cardiac arrhythmias leading to mortality in most cases. We undertook this retrospective study to evaluate the clinical presentation and predictors of outcome in critically ill patients admitted with C. collinus poisoning.

Methods:
The case records of 56 patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit (MICU) of a tertiary care teaching hospital in south India (2000-2014) with C. collinus poisoning were retrospectively analysed.

Results:
The mean age of patients was 36.7±13.3 yr; there were 30 males. Salient clinical manifestations included hypokalemia (58%), neutrophilic leucocytosis (48.2%), acute kidney injury (AKI) (42.9%), acute respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation (AcRFMv) (32.1%), shock (21.4%); cardiac arrhythmias and neuromuscular weakness (19.6% each); 21 patients (37.5%) had adverse outcome. Longer time-lapsed from consumption to reaching emergency room [median (interquartile range)] (hours) [49 (22-97) vs. 28 (7-56), P=0.038]; higher acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score at presentation [14 (8.25-14.75) vs. 2 (0-6) P<0.001]; and presence of the following [odds ratio (95% confidence intervals)] at initial presentation: shock [37.40 (4.29-325.98), P=0.001]; AcRFMv [26.67 (5.86-121.39), P<0.001]; elevated alanine aminotransferase [5.71 (1.30-25.03), P=0.021]; metabolic acidosis [5.48 (1.68-17.89), P=0.005]; acute kidney injury (AKI) [5 (1.55-16.06), P=0.007]; hyponatremia [4.67 (1.25-17.44), P=0.022]; and neutrophilic leucocytosis [3.80 (1.02-14.21), P=0.047] predicted death. A significant (P<0.001) increasing trend in mortality was observed with increasing International Program on Chemical Safety Poisoning Severity Score (IPCS-CSS) grade.

Interpretation & conclusions:

C. collinus is a lethal poison associated with high mortality for which there is no specific antidote. Careful search and meticulous monitoring of the predictors of death and initiating appropriate corrective measures can be life saving.
Impact of community-based health insurance in rural India on self-medication & financial protection of the insured
Authors: Dror David M. , Chakraborty Arpita , Majumdar Atanu , Panda Pradeep , Koren Ruth 
Published: October 2016

Background & objectives:
The evidence-base of the impact of community-based health insurance (CBHI) on access to healthcare and financial protection in India is weak. We investigated the impact of CBHI in rural Uttar Pradesh and Bihar States of India on insured households’ self-medication and financial position.

Methods:
Data originated from (i) household surveys, and (ii) the Management Information System of each CBHI. Study design was “staggered implementation” cluster randomized controlled trial with enrollment of one-third of the treatment group in each of the years 2011, 2012 and 2013. Around 40-50 per cent of the households that were offered to enroll joined. The benefits-packages covered outpatient care in all three locations and in-patient care in two locations. To overcome self-selection enrollment bias, we constructed comparable control and treatment groups using Kernel Propensity Score Matching (K-PSM). To quantify impact, both difference-in-difference (DiD), and conditional-DiD (combined K-PSM with DiD) were used to assess robustness of results.

Results:
Post-intervention (2013), self-medication was less practiced by insured HHs. Fewer insured households than uninsured households reported borrowing to finance care for non-hospitalization events. Being insured for two years also improved the HH's location along the income distribution, namely insured HHs were more likely to experience income quintile-upgrade in one location, and less likely to experience a quintile-downgrade in two locations.

Interpretation & conclusions:
The realized benefits of insurance included better access to healthcare, reduced financial risks and improved economic mobility, suggesting that in our context health insurance creates welfare gains. These findings have implications for theoretical, ethical, policy and practice considerations.
A Class of Preconditioned TGHSS-Based Iteration Methods for Weakly Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Zeng Min-Li , Zhang Guo-Feng 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we first construct a preconditioned two-parameter generalized Hermitian and skew-Hermitian splitting (PTGHSS) iteration method based on the two-parameter generalized Hermitian and skew-Hermitian splitting (TGHSS) iteration method for non-Hermitian positive definite linear systems. Then a class of PTGHSS-based iteration methods are proposed for solving weakly nonlinear systems based on separable property of the linear and nonlinear terms. The conditions for guaranteeing the local convergence are studied and the quasi-optimal iterative parameters are derived. Numerical experiments are implemented to show that the new methods are feasible and effective for large scale systems of weakly nonlinear systems.
From Campuses to Communities: Community-Based Cultism and Local Responses in the Niger Delta Region, Nigeria
Authors: Owonikoko Babajide Saheed , Ifukor Uche 
Published: October 2016

Campus cultism which began in Nigeria in the 50s has dispersed into residential communities. This paper examined the infiltration of cultism from campuses to residential communities in the Niger Delta region (NDR) of Nigeria. It traced the origin of cultism in the NDR, investigated the diffusion of cultism to residential communities, examined community response to it and implications of community response for peace and security of the region. Using both primary and secondary sources of data collection, the paper traced campus cultism in the NDR to the establishment of universities in the region in the 70s and 80s. Cultism dispersed into residential communities through establishment of affiliate groups in communities by major cult groups and expulsion of students from campuses for belonging to cult groups during the federal government anti-cultism campaigns in 1999. Due to the criminal activities of the cult groups in the NDR and ineptitude of the police, communities have responded by creating vigilante groups but this has only promoted cycle of violence. The paper recommended that government should tackle community-based cultism and also strengthen the Nigeria Police Force to be responsive to insecurity.
Canopy-scale biophysical controls of transpiration and evaporation in the Amazon Basin
Authors: Mallick Kaniska , Trebs Ivonne , Boegh Eva , Giustarini Laura , Schlerf Martin , Drewry Darren T. , Hoffmann Lucien , von Randow Celso , Kruijt Bart , Araùjo Alessandro , Saleska Scott , Ehleringer James R. , Domingues Tomas F. , Ometto Jean Pierre H. B. , Nobre Antonio D. , de Moraes Osvaldo Luiz Leal , Hayek Matthew , Munger J. William , Wofsy Steven C. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Canopy and aerodynamic conductances (gC and gA) are two of the key land surface biophysical variables that control the land surface response of land surface schemes in climate models. Their representation is crucial for predicting transpiration (λET) and evaporation (λEE) flux components of the terrestrial latent heat flux (λE), which has important implications for global climate change and water resource management. By physical integration of radiometric surface temperature (TR) into an integrated framework of the Penman–Monteith and Shuttleworth–Wallace models, we present a novel approach to directly quantify the canopy-scale biophysical controls on λET and λEE over multiple plant functional types (PFTs) in the Amazon Basin. Combining data from six LBA (Large-scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia) eddy covariance tower sites and a TR-driven physically based modeling approach, we identified the canopy-scale feedback-response mechanism between gC, λET, and atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (DA), without using any leaf-scale empirical parameterizations for the modeling. The TR-based model shows minor biophysical control on λET during the wet (rainy) seasons where λET becomes predominantly radiation driven and net radiation (RN) determines 75 to 80 % of the variances of λET. However, biophysical control on λET is dramatically increased during the dry seasons, and particularly the 2005 drought year, explaining 50 to 65 % of the variances of λET, and indicates λET to be substantially soil moisture driven during the rainfall deficit phase. Despite substantial differences in gA between forests and pastures, very similar canopy–atmosphere "coupling" was found in these two biomes due to soil moisture-induced decrease in gC in the pasture. This revealed the pragmatic aspect of the TR-driven model behavior that exhibits a high sensitivity of gC to per unit change in wetness as opposed to gA that is marginally sensitive to surface wetness variability. Our results reveal the occurrence of a significant hysteresis between λET and gC during the dry season for the pasture sites, which is attributed to relatively low soil water availability as compared to the rainforests, likely due to differences in rooting depth between the two systems. Evaporation was significantly influenced by gA for all the PFTs and across all wetness conditions. Our analytical framework logically captures the responses of gC and gA to changes in atmospheric radiation, DA, and surface radiometric temperature, and thus appears to be promising for the improvement of existing land–surface–atmosphere exchange parameterizations across a range of spatial scales.
Soil denitrifier community size changes with land use change to perennial bioenergy cropping systems
Authors: Thompson Karen A. , Deen Bill , Dunfield Kari E. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Dedicated biomass crops are required for future bioenergy production. However, the effects of large-scale land use change (LUC) from traditional annual crops, such as corn–soybean rotations to the perennial grasses (PGs) switchgrass and miscanthus, on soil microbial community functioning is largely unknown. Specifically, ecologically significant denitrifying communities, which regulate N2O production and consumption in soils, may respond differently to LUC due to differences in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) inputs between crop types and management systems. Our objective was to quantify bacterial denitrifying gene abundances as influenced by corn–soybean crop production compared to PG biomass production. A field trial was established in 2008 at the Elora Research Station in Ontario, Canada (n  =  30), with miscanthus and switchgrass grown alongside corn–soybean rotations at different N rates (0 and 160 kg N ha−1) and biomass harvest dates within PG plots. Soil was collected on four dates from 2011 to 2012 and quantitative PCR was used to enumerate the total bacterial community (16S rRNA) and communities of bacterial denitrifiers by targeting nitrite reductase (nirS) and N2O reductase (nosZ) genes. Miscanthus produced significantly larger yields and supported larger nosZ denitrifying communities than corn–soybean rotations regardless of management, indicating large-scale LUC from corn–soybean to miscanthus may be suitable in variable Ontario climatic conditions and under varied management, while potentially mitigating soil N2O emissions. Harvesting switchgrass in the spring decreased yields in N-fertilized plots, but did not affect gene abundances. Standing miscanthus overwinter resulted in higher 16S rRNA and nirS gene copies than in fall-harvested crops. However, the size of the total (16S rRNA) and denitrifying bacterial communities changed differently over time and in response to LUC, indicating varying controls on these communities.
Predictores del miedo y las habilidades sociales en adolescentes del contexto pluricultural de Ceuta
Authors: Pulido Acosta Federico , Herrera Clavero Francisco 
Published: October 2016

ResumenEl objetivo fundamental perseguido en este trabajo fue el de conocer los predictores del Miedo y las Habilidades Sociales, así como las relaciones existentes entre ambos de alumnos de 12 a 18 años, en la ciudad de Ceuta. Para ello se contó con 557 participantes, de 4 institutos distintos, que reflejan las características del contexto pluricultural de la ciudad. De ellos el 54.2 % fueron chicas, mientras que el 45.8 % fueron varones. El 64.5 % pertenecían a la cultura/religión musulmana, mientras que el 35.5 % eran cristianos. Como instrumentos de evaluación se emplearon la adaptación de Ascensio, Vila, Robles-García, Páez, Fresán y Vázquez (2012) del Inventario de Miedo para Niños (FSSC-II), junto con la EHS (Escala de Habilidades Sociales, Gismero, 2000). Los resultados reflejan niveles medio-bajos de Miedo y medio-altos en las Habilidades Sociales. Las Habilidades Sociales sólo se encuentran bajo la influencia de las variables sociodemográficas Género y Cultura. En el Miedo los predictores son el Género y la Cultura/Religión. Existe relación entre Miedo y las Habilidades Sociales, aumentado estas últimas a medida que descienden las puntuaciones en Miedo. AbstractThe main objective of this paper is to reflect the pre­dictors of Fear and Social Skills, and the influence over each other, of teenagers from 12 to 18 in the city of Ceuta. To make it possible we focused on 557 participants from 4 different high schools that clearly reflect the city's pluricultural features; 45.8 % of them are boys and 54.2 % are girls; 64.5 % are Mus­lims and 35.5 % are Christians. The techniques used in this survey are Fear Survey Schedule for Children (FSSC-II), adapted for its use in the Spanish language by Ascensio et al. (2012) as well as the EHS (Gis­mero, 2000). The results show medium-low levels on Fear and medium-high levels on Social Skills. The Social Skills only are influenced by the sociodemo­graphic factors of gender and custom/religion. The Fear is influenced only by gender and cus­toms/religion. We have also found a relationship between Fear and Social Skills
Dialogando sobre emociones con niños en riesgo de exclusión social: un estudio preliminar
Authors: Fernández Angulo Alberto , Quintanilla Laura , Gimenez-Dasi Marta 
Published: October 2016

ResumenEste trabajo tiene como objetivo principal probar de forma preliminar el funcionamiento de un programa de intervención para mejorar las competencias emocionales en niños de entre 9 y 10 años en situación de riesgo de exclusión social. El programa se centra en la mejora de algunos componentes del conocimiento y la regulación emocional. Para ello, se utilizó un diseño pre-experimental de un solo grupo con pretest y postest (N=14). Los niños asistieron a las sesiones una vez por semana durante cuatro meses. Los resultados mostraron una mejora estadísticamente significativa en manejo de emociones, adaptabilidad e inestabilidad emocional, además de una utilización más efectiva de estrategias de regulación emocional. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre niños de familias españolas e inmigrantes. En la discusión se señala la utilidad de estos programas para prevenir problemas de salud mental en este tipo de población.AbstractThe aim of this work was to pilot the efficacy of an intervention programme to enhance emotional com­petences in children aged 9 and 10 living in poverty and risk of social exclusion. The programme focuses on specific components of emotion knowledge and emotion regulation. A one group pre-experimental design with pre and posttest measures was used (N = 14). Children attended weekly sessions during four months. Results showed a significant improve­ment in emotion managing, adaptability and emo­tional instability. Children also showed a more effi­cient use of emotion regulation strategies. No differ­ences were found among Spanish children and chil­dren from other countries. In the discussion section we point out the convenience of this kind of pro­grammes to prevent mental health problems in this population.