bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of l-sorbose dehydrogenase by docking strategy for 2-keto-l-gulonic acid production in Ketogulonicigenium vulgare and Bacillus endophyticus consortium
Authors: Chen Si , Jia Nan , Ding Ming-Zhu , Yuan Ying-Jin 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Improving the yield of 2-keto-l-gulonic acid (2-KGA), the direct precursor of vitamin C, draws more and more attention in industrial production. In this study, we try to increase the 2-KGA productivity by computer-aided selection of genes encoding l-sorbose dehydrogenases (SDH) of Ketogulonicigenium vulgare. First, six SDHs were modeled by docking strategy to predict the binding mode with co-factor PQQ. The binding energy between SSDA1-H/SSDA1-L and PQQ was the highest, followed by SSDA3/SSDA2. The binding energy between SSDA1-P/SSDB and PQQ was the lowest. Then, these genes were overexpressed, respectively, in an industrial strain K. vulgare HKv604. Overexpression of ssda1-l and ssda1-h enhanced the 2-KGA production by 7.89 and 12.56 % in mono-cultured K. vulgare, and by 13.21 and 16.86 % when K. vulgare was co-cultured with Bacillus endophyticus. When the engineered K. vulgare SyBE_Kv000116013 (overexpression of ssda1-p) or SyBE_Kv000116016 (overexpression of ssdb) was co-cultured with B. endophyticus, the 2-KGA production decreased significantly. The docking results were in accordance with the experimental data, which indicated that computer-aided modeling is an efficient strategy for screening more efficient enzymes.
Effect of Enzyme Pre‐treatments on Bioactive Compounds in Extracted Tiger Nut Oil and Sugars in Residual Meals
Authors: Ezeh Onyinye , Niranjan Keshavan , Gordon Michael H. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractTiger nut oil is a novel oil that requires more research data on its characteristics. In this study, the oil was extracted using both enzyme‐aided pressing (EAP) and aqueous enzymatic extraction (AEE) methods. Using enzymes as a pre‐treatment prior to mechanical pressing increased the concentration of some phenolic acids and tocopherols present in extracted oils compared to controls. High pressure processing as a pre‐treatment before aqueous enzymatic extraction also enhanced tocopherols and total polyphenolic content in oils. The percentage free fatty acid and peroxide values indicated that under the initial extraction parameters, the oils were stable and they all met the standards for virgin olive oil set by the International Olive Oil Council. Residual meals from both extraction processes contained low protein contents ranging from 2.4 to 4.6 %. Additionally, EAP and AEE meals contained low DP (degree of polymerisation) sugars that appeared as 1‐kestose (DP3) and nystose (DP4). EAP had the highest total DP3 and DP4 sugar content of 82.5 mg/g. These sugars would need further assessment to verify their identity and determine their suitability as a potential food.
Techniques, Advantages, and Pitfalls of Ultrasound-Guided Internal Jugular Cannulation: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Shelton Clifford L. , Mort Maggie M. , Smith Andrew F. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Background: National guidelines advocating ultrasound guidance for internal jugular venous cannulation were introduced in the United Kingdom in 2002, followed by international guidelines a decade later. However, the benefits of ultrasound guidance do not appear to have universally translated into clinical practice. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ultrasound on the practice of internal jugular vein cannulation.
Methods: We conducted an ethnographic study incorporating observations, interviews, and focus groups in 2 hospitals in the north of England over a 4-month period.
Results: Twenty-seven clinical observations, 10 interviews, and 3 focus groups were conducted. In 25 clinical episodes, ultrasound guidance was used. Four distinct needling techniques were observed, which we classified in terms of needle angulation: the traditional landmark technique, the ultrasound-guided traditional approach, ultrasound-guided medial angulation, and the ultrasound-guided steep approach. The latter 2 techniques represent a departure from conventional practice and appear to have developed alongside ultrasound guidance. Although no serious complications were observed, there appears to be enhanced potential for complications to occur with medial angulation and the steep approach. Participants described a loss of anatomic knowledge and a false sense of security associated with the adoption of ultrasound guidance, which may account for the emergence of new, potentially riskier needling techniques.
Conclusions: The introduction of safe technologies may lead to unintended consequences, and clinicians should attempt to recognize and mitigate them when they occur. Education to increase awareness of the pitfalls of ultrasound guidance is recommended.
Indications for Peripheral, Midline, and Central Catheters: Summary of the Michigan Appropriateness Guide for Intravenous Catheters Recommendations
Authors: Moureau Nancy , Chopra Vineet 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Patients admitted to acute care frequently require intravenous access to effectively deliver medications and prescribed treatment. For patients with difficult intravenous access; those requiring multiple attempts; and those who are obese, have diabetes, or have other chronic conditions, determining the vascular access device (VAD) with the lowest risk that best meets the needs of the treatment plan can be confusing. Selection of a VAD should be based on specific indications for that device. In clinical settings, requests for central venous access devices are frequently precipitated simply by failure to establish peripheral access. Selection of the most appropriate VAD is necessary to avoid the potentially serious complications of infection and/or thrombosis. An international panel of experts convened to establish a guide for indications and appropriate use for VADs. This article summarizes the work and recommendations of the panel that created the Michigan Appropriateness Guide for Intravenous Catheters.
Verhaltensauffälligkeiten und Lebensqualität bei männlichen unbegleiteten minderjährigen Flüchtlingen in Jugendhilfe einrichtungen in Deutschland
Authors: Möhrle Birgit , Dölitzsch Claudia , Fegert Jörg M. , Keller Ferdinand 
Published: August 2016

Zusammenfassung. Unbegleitete minderjährige Flüchtlinge (UMF) gelten als Hochrisikogruppe für die Entwicklung psychischer Erkrankungen. Hinsichtlich Häufigkeit und Art psychischer Störungen sowie gesundheitsbezogener Lebensqualität (LQ) fehlen für Deutschland bislang Originalarbeiten. Anhand der Daten von 191 männlichen UMF, erhoben in Jugendhilfeeinrichtungen in Deutschland, wurden emotionale und Verhaltensauffälligkeiten (SDQ) sowie gesundheitsbezogene LQ (ILK) untersucht und Vergleiche zur Normstichprobe durchgeführt. Internalisierende Verhaltensauffälligkeiten zeigten sich laut Selbst- und Fremdbeurteilung bei 35 bis 61 % der Jugendlichen signifikant häufiger als in der Normstichprobe (20 %). Hyperaktivitätssymptome waren dagegen sehr selten (4 bis 7 %). Externalisierende Verhaltensprobleme wurden von Betreuungspersonen häufiger (20 %) berichtet als von den Jugendlichen (8 %). Gesundheitsbezogene LQ wurde niedrig eingeschätzt, als Ressource konnte prosoziales Verhalten identifiziert werden.
Selbstberichtetes Gesundheitsverhalten von Kindern
Authors: Eschenbeck Heike , Meier Stefanie , Eisele Julia , Kohlmann Carl-Walter 
Published: August 2016

Zusammenfassung. Mit dem Ziel der Validierung des „Fragebogens zum Gesundheitsverhalten von Kindern“ (GEKI, Meier, Eschenbeck & Kohlmann, 2013 ) wurden Zusammenhänge gesundheitsbezogener Verhaltensweisen von Kindern im Selbstbericht mit Fremdeinschätzungen durch Eltern sowie Mitschüler geprüft. In Studie 1 nahmen 284 Eltern-Kind-Paare sowie 82 Mitschüler-Kind-Paare teil, in Studie 2 396 Kind-Eltern-Mitschüler-Triaden. In allen korrespondierenden Bereichen des Schutzverhaltens (Sicherheit im Straßenverkehr, Sonnenschutz, Zahnhygiene) und des Ernährungsverhaltens (Ungesunde Ernährung, Gesunde Ernährung, Schulfrühstück) zeigten sich substantielle Bezüge zwischen den Selbstberichten der Kinder und den Fremdeinschätzungen. Am deutlichsten waren die Zusammenhänge für Sicherheit im Straßenverkehr und Schulfrühstück, schwächer für Sonnenschutz und Zahnhygiene. Geschlecht und Alter moderierten (mit einer Ausnahme) die Assoziation zwischen Selbst- und Fremdeinschätzungen nicht. Auch nach Kontrolle von Geschlecht und Alter trugen für alle Gesundheitsverhaltensskalen die Fremdeinschätzungen von Eltern und Mitschülern substanziell zur Varianzaufklärung im Selbstbericht bei. Eltern schätzten insbesondere für Sicherheit im Straßenverkehr und Ungesunde Ernährung das Verhalten ihrer Kinder günstiger ein als die Kinder selbst und deren Mitschüler. Die Ergebnisse sprechen für die Validität des GEKI-Fragebogens.
Implementation und Evaluation eines multimodalen Stressbewältigungstrainings bei Lehramtsstudierenden
Authors: Karing Constance , Beelmann Andreas 
Published: August 2016

Zusammenfassung. Auf Basis des transaktionalen Stressmodells von Lazarus wurde ein multimodales Stressbewältigungsprogramm für Studierende entwickelt. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Implementation und Evaluation dieses Programms bei einer Stichprobe von 75 Lehramtsstudierenden (Trainingsgruppe: n = 33, Kontrollgruppe: n = 42, Posttest: n = 73, Follow-Up: n = 53 Studierende). Die Trainingseffekte wurden anhand eines quasi-experimentellen Prä-Post-Kontrollgruppendesigns mit Follow-Up-Messung geprüft. Neben allgemeinen Effekten wurden auch konditionale Trainingseffekte überprüft. Die Ergebnisse zeigten positive kurz- und mittelfristige Effekte. Dabei ergab sich der stärkste Effekt für das Wissen, während für die Bewältigungsstrategien, die Achtsamkeit und die Selbstwirksamkeit die Effekte überwiegend in geringer bis mittlerer Höhe lagen. Keine Effekte zeigten sich dagegen für die emotionale Erschöpfung sowie die psychischen und psychosomatischen Beschwerden. Es ließen sich nur wenige konditionale Effekte für Vortestwert und Geschlecht feststellen. Darüber hinaus zeigte sich, dass die Wirksamkeit des Trainings mit dem Kooperationsverhalten der Teilnehmer zusammenhing.
Pim2 is important for regulating DNA damage response in multiple myeloma cells
Authors: Ramachandran J , Santo L , Siu K T , Panaroni C , Raje N 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPan proviral integrations of Moloney virus (PIM) inhibition in multiple myeloma (MM) results in reduced cell viability in tested human-derived MM cell lines and reduces tumor burden in xenograft mouse models, making PIMs important therapeutic targets for the disease. PIM kinase inhibitors are currently being tested clinically in MM. We sought to elucidate the role of the various PIMs in MM. Our data demonstrate that Pim2 has a significant role in MM cell cytotoxicity. Our data provide evidence for a novel role for Pim2 in the regulation of the DNA damage response (DDR). Knockdown of Pim2 upregulates several downstream DDR markers, mimicking the effects of doxorubicin (Dox) treatment of MM cells, and suggesting a role for the kinase as a negative regulator of this pathway. Dox-induced DNA damage results in a decrease in Pim2 levels, placing the kinase directly downstream of the site of Dox-DNA binding. Overexpression of Pim2 confers a slight survival advantage against Dox through antiapoptotic activity, further underscoring its relevance in the DDR pathway. These data provide insights into a novel mechanism of PIM kinase activity and provide the framework for designing therapeutic approaches in MM.
Simultaneous atomic-resolution electron ptychography and Z-contrast imaging of light and heavy elements in complex nanostructures
Authors: Yang H. , Rutte R. N. , Jones L. , Simson M. , Sagawa R. , Ryll H. , Huth M. , Pennycook T. J. , Green M.L.H. , Soltau H. , Kondo Y. , Davis B. G. , Nellist P. D. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) has emerged as a key tool for atomic resolution characterization of materials, allowing the use of imaging modes such as Z-contrast and spectroscopic mapping. The STEM has not been regarded as optimal for the phase-contrast imaging necessary for efficient imaging of light materials. Here, recent developments in fast electron detectors and data processing capability is shown to enable electron ptychography, to extend the capability of the STEM by allowing quantitative phase images to be formed simultaneously with incoherent signals. We demonstrate this capability as a practical tool for imaging complex structures containing light and heavy elements, and use it to solve the structure of a beam-sensitive carbon nanostructure. The contrast of the phase image contrast is maximized through the post-acquisition correction of lens aberrations. The compensation of defocus aberrations is also used for the measurement of three-dimensional sample information through post-acquisition optical sectioning.
A moving contact line as a rheometer for nanometric interfacial layers
Authors: Lhermerout Romain , Perrin Hugo , Rolley Etienne , Andreotti Bruno , Davitt Kristina 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHow a liquid drop sits or moves depends on the physical and mechanical properties of the underlying substrate. This can be seen in the hysteresis of the contact angle made by a drop on a solid, which is known to originate from surface heterogeneities, and in the slowing of droplet motion on deformable solids. Here, we show how a moving contact line can be used to characterize a molecularly thin polymer layer on a solid. We find that the hysteresis depends on the polymerization index and can be optimized to be vanishingly small (<0.07°). The mechanical properties are quantitatively deduced from the microscopic contact angle, which is proportional to the speed of the contact line and the Rouse relaxation time divided by the layer thickness, in agreement with theory. Our work opens the prospect of measuring the properties of functionalized interfaces in microfluidic and biomedical applications that are otherwise inaccessible.
Automated optogenetic feedback control for precise and robust regulation of gene expression and cell growth
Authors: Milias-Argeitis Andreas , Rullan Marc , Aoki Stephanie K. , Buchmann Peter , Khammash Mustafa 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDynamic control of gene expression can have far-reaching implications for biotechnological applications and biological discovery. Thanks to the advantages of light, optogenetics has emerged as an ideal technology for this task. Current state-of-the-art methods for optical expression control fail to combine precision with repeatability and cannot withstand changing operating culture conditions. Here, we present a novel fully automatic experimental platform for the robust and precise long-term optogenetic regulation of protein production in liquid Escherichia coli cultures. Using a computer-controlled light-responsive two-component system, we accurately track prescribed dynamic green fluorescent protein expression profiles through the application of feedback control, and show that the system adapts to global perturbations such as nutrient and temperature changes. We demonstrate the efficacy and potential utility of our approach by placing a key metabolic enzyme under optogenetic control, thus enabling dynamic regulation of the culture growth rate with potential applications in bacterial physiology studies and biotechnology.
Reaction-induced rheological weakening enables oceanic plate subduction
Authors: Hirauchi Ken-ichi , Fukushima Kumi , Kido Masanori , Muto Jun , Okamoto Atsushi 
Published: August 2016

AbstractEarth is the only terrestrial planet in our solar system where an oceanic plate subducts beneath an overriding plate. Although the initiation of plate subduction requires extremely weak boundaries between strong plates, the way in which oceanic mantle rheologically weakens remains unknown. Here we show that shear-enhanced hydration reactions contribute to the generation and maintenance of weak mantle shear zones at mid-lithospheric depths. High-pressure friction experiments on peridotite gouge reveal that in the presence of hydrothermal water, increasing strain and reactions lead to an order-of-magnitude reduction in strength. The rate of deformation is controlled by pressure-solution-accommodated frictional sliding on weak hydrous phyllosilicate (talc), providing a mechanism for the ‘cutoff’ of the high peak strength at the brittle-plastic transition. Our findings suggest that infiltration of seawater into transform faults with long lengths and low slip rates is an important controlling factor on the initiation of plate tectonics on terrestrial planets.
Cep295 is a conserved scaffold protein required for generation of a bona fide mother centriole
Authors: Tsuchiya Yuki , Yoshiba Satoko , Gupta Akshari , Watanabe Koki , Kitagawa Daiju 
Published: August 2016

AbstractCentrioles surrounded by pericentriolar material (PCM) serve as the core structure of the centrosome. A newly formed daughter centriole grows into a functional mother centriole. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we show that Cep295, an evolutionarily conserved protein, is required for generation of a bona fide mother centriole organizing a functional centrosome. We find that Cep295 is recruited to the proximal centriole wall in the early stages of procentriole assembly. Cep295 then acts as a scaffold for the proper assembly of the daughter centriole. We also find that Cep295 binds directly to and recruits Cep192 onto the daughter centriole wall, which presumably endows the function of the new mother centriole for PCM assembly, microtubule-organizing centre activity and the ability for centriole formation. These findings led us to propose that Cep295 acts upstream of the conserved pathway for centriole formation and promotes the daughter-to-mother centriole conversion.
TNIK inhibition abrogates colorectal cancer stemness
Authors: Masuda Mari , Uno Yuko , Ohbayashi Naomi , Ohata Hirokazu , Mimata Ayako , Kukimoto-Niino Mutsuko , Moriyama Hideki , Kashimoto Shigeki , Inoue Tomoko , Goto Naoko , Okamoto Koji , Shirouzu Mikako , Sawa Masaaki , Yamada Tesshi 
Published: August 2016

AbstractCanonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling is essential for maintaining intestinal stem cells, and its constitutive activation has been implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis. We and others have previously identified Traf2- and Nck-interacting kinase (TNIK) as an essential regulatory component of the T-cell factor-4 and β-catenin transcriptional complex. Consistent with this, Tnik-deficient mice are resistant to azoxymethane-induced colon tumorigenesis, and Tnik−/−/Apcmin/+ mutant mice develop significantly fewer intestinal tumours. Here we report the first orally available small-molecule TNIK inhibitor, NCB-0846, having anti-Wnt activity. X-ray co-crystal structure analysis reveals that NCB-0846 binds to TNIK in an inactive conformation, and this binding mode seems to be essential for Wnt inhibition. NCB-0846 suppresses Wnt-driven intestinal tumorigenesis in Apcmin/+ mice and the sphere- and tumour-forming activities of colorectal cancer cells. TNIK is required for the tumour-initiating function of colorectal cancer stem cells. Its inhibition is a promising therapeutic approach.
Asymmetric synthesis using chiral-encoded metal
Authors: Yutthalekha Thittaya , Wattanakit Chularat , Lapeyre Veronique , Nokbin Somkiat , Warakulwit Chompunuch , Limtrakul Jumras , Kuhn Alexander 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of chiral compounds is of crucial importance in many areas of society and science, including medicine, biology, chemistry, biotechnology and agriculture. Thus, there is a fundamental interest in developing new approaches for the selective production of enantiomers. Here we report the use of mesoporous metal structures with encoded geometric chiral information for inducing asymmetry in the electrochemical synthesis of mandelic acid as a model molecule. The chiral-encoded mesoporous metal, obtained by the electrochemical reduction of platinum salts in the presence of a liquid crystal phase and the chiral template molecule, perfectly retains the chiral information after removal of the template. Starting from a prochiral compound we demonstrate enantiomeric excess of the (R)-enantiomer when using (R)-imprinted electrodes and vice versa for the (S)-imprinted ones. Moreover, changing the amount of chiral cavities in the material allows tuning the enantioselectivity.
Insight into the template effect of vesicles on the laccase-catalyzed oligomerization of N-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine from Raman spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry measurements
Authors: Ležaić Aleksandra Janoševic , Luginbühl Sandra , Bajuk-Bogdanović Danica , Pašti Igor , Kissner Reinhard , Rakvin Boris , Walde Peter , Ćirić-Marjanović Gordana 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe report about the first Raman spectroscopy study of a vesicle-assisted enzyme-catalyzed oligomerization reaction. The aniline dimer N-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine (= p-aminodiphenylamine, PADPA) was oxidized and oligomerized with Trametes versicolor laccase and dissolved O2 in the presence of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) vesicles (80–100 nm diameter) as templates. The conversion of PADPA into oligomeric products, poly(PADPA), was monitored during the reaction by in situ Raman spectroscopy. The results obtained are compared with UV/vis/NIR and EPR measurements. All three complementary methods indicate that at least some of the poly(PADPA) products, formed in the presence of AOT vesicles, resemble the conductive emeraldine salt form of polyaniline (PANI-ES). The Raman measurements also show that structural units different from those of “ordinary” PANI-ES are present too. Without vesicles PANI-ES-like products are not obtained. For the first time, the as-prepared stable poly(PADPA)-AOT vesicle suspension was used directly to coat electrodes (without product isolation) for investigating redox activities of poly(PADPA) by cyclic voltammetry (CV). CV showed that poly(PADPA) produced with vesicles is redox active not only at pH 1.1–as expected for PANI-ES–but also at pH 6.0, unlike PANI-ES and poly(PADPA) synthesized without vesicles. This extended pH range of the redox activity of poly(PADPA) is important for applications.