bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dictionaries of “Hard Words” and Semantic Drift in England XVII–XVIII Centuries
Authors: Шпак Г.В. 
Published: September 2024

Изменения в семантическом наполнении средств языковой выразительности служат характерным маркером общественных трансформаций. Причиной могут быть социальные, культурно-религиозные, мировоззренческие и иные структурные изменения, происходящие в ареале бытования языка. Революционные события английской общественной жизни середины XVII в. позволяют предположить, что изменения произошли и в языковой семантике. «Усложнение» английского языка за счет переводов текстов латинских авторов, публикации путешественниками слов чужеземцев, распространение неологизмов и «лексических инноваций» за счет усложнения структуры научного познания – все это требовало кодификации и синтагматизации языка. В статье рассматриваются особенности первых английский словарей «трудных слов». На примере сопоставления словарей Г. Кокерэма и словаря С. Джонсона продемонстрированы изменения, произошедшие в семантическом наполнении слов в Англии XVII в. Делается вывод, что в середине XVIII в. стремление составителей толковых словарей зафиксировать окончательное значение слов наталкивается на изменчивость языка и культурных норм, вынуждая признать утопичность проектов по созданию унифицированных и не требующих дальнейших исправлений словарей.
Changes in the semantics of words serve as a characteristic marker of mental transformations. The reason may be social, cultural, religious, ideological and other structural changes occurring in the area where the language exists. The revolutionary events of English social life in the mid-17th century suggest that characteristic transformations also occurred in the semantics of the language. The “complication” of the English language through translations of texts by Latin authors, the publication by travelers of the words of strangers, the spread of neologisms and “lexical innovations” due to the complication of the structure of scientific knowledge - all this required the codification and syntagmatization of the language. The article discusses the features of the first English dictionaries of “hard words”. Using the example of a comparison of the dictionaries of H. Cockeram and the later dictionary of Samuel Johnson, the changes that occurred in the semantic content of words in England in the 17th century are demonstrated. It is concluded that in the middle of the 18th century, the desire of compilers of explanatory dictionaries to fix the final meaning of words ran into the variability of language and cultural norms. They have to admit the utopian nature of projects to create unified dictionaries that do not require further corrections.
Hans Delbrück: between science and politics
Authors: Баранов Н.Н. 
Published: September 2024

В статье предпринята попытка реконструкции интеллектуальной биографии немецкого историка, основоположника военной истории как самостоятельного направления исторической науки Г. Дельбрюка. Его обширное академическое и публицистическое наследие до сих пор слабо введено в научный оборот. Дельбрюк был не только ученым, который предложил оригинальную концепцию истории военного искусства в рамках политической истории от античности до нового времени, но также активным участником общественно-политической жизни кайзеровской империи вплоть до ее краха и в Веймарской республике. Будучи убежденным сторонником монархии, он критиковал чуждые ему явления вильгельминской Германии: пангерманцев, политику в отношении польского меньшинства, флотскую программу адмирала Тирпица. Он тяжело пережил падение кайзеровского режима, но поддержал новый строй как «республиканец разумом». В его биографии нашли отражение многие противоречия, свойственные немецкому обществу на переломе эпох.
The article attempts to reconstruct the intellectual biography of the German historian, the founder of military history as a substantive direction of historical science, G. Delbrück (1848–1929). His large academic and journalistic heritage is still practically unexplored in historiography. Delbrück was not only a scholar-historian who proposed an original concept of the history of military art within the framework of political history from antiquity to modern times, but also an active participant in the socio-political life in the Kaiser's empire and in the Weimar Republic. Being a strong supporter of the monarchy, he criticized the Pan-Germans, the Polish minority policy, the Naval program of Admiral Tirpitz during the period of Wilhelmine Germany. The fall of the Kaiser's regime shocked him, but he supported the Weimar Republic as a “republican in mind.” His biography reflected many of the contradictions inherent in German society at this turning point of German history.
Is it Possible to Reform a Theater? Austrian Federal Theaters as an Object of Cultural Policy Since 1945
Authors: Головлев А.И. 
Published: September 2024

В данной статье Австрийские Федеральные театры анализируются как важнейший объект в культурной политике и экономике Второй республики. Долголетие этого театрального конгломерата скорее объясняется зависимостью от траектории и доминирующими моделями мышления в бюрократии, культурной среде и обществе Австрии чем настоящей борьбой за экономическую эффективность. Австрийское экономическое чудо способствовало благожелательному отношению «государства-патрона» к Федеральным театрам, однако растущий дефицит потребовал структурных реформ в неолиберальном ключе во время подготовки вступления Австрии в Европейский союз. Вместе с тем реформы 1971 и 1998 г. не переломили существующих практик театрального менеджмента и не привели к значительному улучшению экономических показателей, что подтверждает тезис о превалировании долгосрочных тенденций в развитии театров, преобладающей роли культурного капитала и способности театров успешно нейтрализовать реформы извне.
In this paper, the Austrian Federal Theatres are analyzed as the most important object of Austrian cultural policies in the Second Republic. The longevity of this theatre conglomerate is better explained by path dependence and predominant patterns of thinking within Austria’s bureaucracy, cultural milieu and society than as a genuine strife for economic efficiency. The Austrian economic miracle contributed to a benevolent stance of the “patron state” towards the Federal Theatres, yet growing deficits called for structural reforms in a neoliberal key during the preparatory stages of Austria’s accession to the European Union. However, the 1971 and 1998 reforms did not break with the existing practices of theatre management and did not lead to a significant improvement of economic figures confirming the thesis that long-term tendencies in theatre development prevailed, cultural capital played a dominant role, and theatres have been capable to successfully neutralize external reforms.
“I confirm that you are my representative” D.S. Merezhkovsky and Chaliapins: New materials for biographies
Authors: Мартынов А.В. 
Published: September 2024

Статья посвящена непростым отношениям между Мережковским, Гиппиус и Шаляпиным. Хотя до эмиграции писатели отрицательно отнеслись к политическим взглядам Шаляпина, а также критически оценивали его артистическое дарование и связанную с ним популярность, в эмиграции они стремились организовать совместные проекты. Мережковский написал сценарий фильма о Борисе Годунове, главную роль в котором должен был сыграть Шаляпин. Также Мережковский рассчитывал, что сын артиста будет представлять его интересы в Голливуде. Несмотря на предпринятые шаги, планы писателя-эмигранта не осуществились.
The article is devoted to the difficult relationship between Merezhkovsky, Gippius and Chaliapin. Although before emigration the writers had a negative attitude towards Chaliapin’s political views, and also critically assessed his artistic talent and the popularity associated with it, in emigration they sought to organize joint projects. Merezhkovsky wrote the script for a film about Boris Godunov, in which Chaliapin was to play the main role. Merezhkovsky also hoped that the artist’s son would represent his interests in Hollywood. Despite the steps taken, the plans of the emigrant writer did not come true.
European Idea by Charles de Gaulle and Georges Pompidou
Authors: Арзаканян М.Ц. 
Published: September 2024

В статье представлены концепции «объединенной Европы», выдвинутые двумя первыми президентами Пятой республики во Франции Шарлем де Голлем и Жоржем Помпиду. На основе высказываний самих глав французского государства рассмотрены их предложения по устройству и развитию Европейского экономического сообщества и воплощение идей двух политиков в жизнь.
The article presents the concepts of “united Europe” put forward by the first two presidents of the Fifth Republic in France, Charles de Gaulle and Georges Pompidou. On the basis of the statements of the heads of state, their proposals for the structure and development of the European Economic Community and the implementation of their ideas were considered.
“The naturalist's and traveller's companion”: attempt of translation
Authors: Шипицына Ю.С. 
Published: September 2024

Статья посвящена необычному источнику по истории научной культуры Англии XVIII в.. «Спутник натуралиста и путешественника» (1772) собрал под своей обложкой перечень инструкций по взаимодействию с миром природы и список вопросов, на которые в ходе этого взаимодействия надлежит ответить читателю. Источник представляет собой пример популярного издания, приобщающего, с одной стороны, непрофессиональных ученых к миру науки, а с другой, способствующего интеграции потенциальных достижений этого мира в социум. «Спутник…» иллюстрирует подход к познанию, связанный с принципом всеохватного наблюдения, а также стремление автора мотивировать читателя идеей служения на благо общества. Фрагменты источника публикуются на русском языке впервые.
The article is devoted to unusual source of the English scientific culture in the 18th century. “The naturalist's and traveller's companion” (1772) collects under its cover the list of instructions on interaction with the world of nature and the index of questions, which should be ansewered by a reader in the process of this interaction. The source is the example of popular edition, on the one hand, introducing unprofessional scietists to the world of science, but on the other hand, helpful to integration of the potential advantages of this world to the society. “The Companion…” demonstrates such approach to perception, which is connected with the principle of universal watching, along with author’s untention to motivate his reader with idea of attendance to the good of common. The fragments of the source is published in the Russian language in first.
Robert and Horace Walpole: Politician and Intellectual
Authors: Соколов А.Б. 
Published: September 2024

Данная публикация является рецензией на монографию Н.С. Креленко «Отражение культурной жизни эпохи Просвещения в письмах, книгах и домах Хораса Уолпола» (2023). Главная мысль автора состоит в том, что Уолпола-младшего неправомерно считать дилетантом, как полагал ряд известных авторов, он не тень своего отца, а деятель культуры, внесший значительный вклад в публицистику и литературу, коллекционирование произведений искусства, архитектуру и даже историографию. Через призму его биографии представлена широкая панорама культурной жизни Англии в эпоху Просвещения.
This publication is a review on monograph of N. S. Krelenko “The Reflection of Cultural Life in the epoch of Enlightenment in Letters, Books and Houses of Horace Walpole”. The main idea of the author is to show that it is wrong to present him as an amateur, what some distinguished historians supposed, he is not a shadow of his father. He is a representative of European culture who made important contribution to political literature and fiction, collecting works of art, architecture and even historiography. The wide panorama of the cultural life of England in the time of Enlightenment is presented through his biography.
The Formation of the Idea of Authorship in Modern European Thought
Authors: Артамонова Ю.Д. 
Published: September 2024

Анализируется поворотный этап истории понятий «автор», «текст» — XIV–XV вв.; именно в это время они из периферийных понятий превращаются в центральные для процесса толкования текстов, изменяя как традиционное содержание, так и модель толкования. Сопоставляются традиционные трактовки и интерпретации итальянских гуманистов (прежде всего, Лоренцо Валлы), для которых авторство уже не жестко связанное с auctoritas, тем не менее не предполагает уникальности; понятие «текст» универсализируется; к тексту начинает предъявляться требование «истинности». Рассматриваются различные трактовки произошедшего поворота (Ж. Мишле, Э. Па-нофски, Е.А. Косминский, М. Фуко и др.). При анализе текста «Критики Константинова Дара» показываются и объясняются новые ходы, предпринимаемые Лоренцо Валлой; они сопоставляются как с рассуждениями современников, так и классиков предшествующей традиции. Тем самым объясняется трансформация модели извлечения смысла – текст впервые обретает целостность, внутреннее смысловое и стилевое единство; появляется идея контекста и герменевтического круга, а автор становится «гарантом» этой связанности. Тем не менее, понятие «смысл», несмотря на контекстную связанность, претендует на объективность. В результате появляется новое понятие этого времени – «коммуникация».
The article analyzes a turning point in the history of the concepts of “author” and “text” in XIV-XV centuries; it was at this time that they turned from peripheral concepts into central ones for the process of interpreting texts, changing both the traditional content and the model of interpretation. The traditional interpretations and interpretations in the works of Italian humanists (first of all, Lorenzo Valla) are compared, for whom authorship no longer rigidly associated with auctoritas, nevertheless does not imply uniqueness; the concept of “text” is universalized; the text begins to be required to be “true”. Various interpretations of the turn that took place are considered (J. Michelet, E. Panofsky, E.A. Kosminsky, M. Foucault, M. McLuhan, etc.). When analyzing the text of the “Criticism of Constantine's Gift”, new moves undertaken by Lorenzo Valla are shown and explained; they are compared both with the arguments of contemporaries and classics of the previous tradition. This explains the transformation of the meaning extraction model – the text for the first time acquires integrity, internal semantic and stylistic unity; the idea of context and hermeneutical circle appears, and the author becomes the “guarantor” of this connectedness. Nevertheless, the concept of “meaning”, despite its contextual connectedness, claims to be objective. As a result, a new concept of this time appears – “communication”.
Investigating water quality dynamics in distribution networks with dynamically adaptive connectivity
Authors: Jenks Bradley , Aisopou Angeliki , Ulusoy Aly-Joy , Stoianov Ivan 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Water distribution networks with dynamically adaptive connectivity offer greater operational flexibility. While this strategy has demonstrated improvements in pressure management and network resiliency, further research is needed to better understand its impact on water quality dynamics. This paper investigates the short-term variability of disinfectant residuals in a real-world distribution network operated with dynamic connectivity. We simulate water quality dynamics under two control configurations with pressure control and automatic flushing valve operations. Our simulation results inform the development of flow variability metrics to reveal the relationship between changing hydraulic conditions and increased water quality dynamics. These metrics can (i) improve observability by supporting the placement of additional water quality monitoring locations and (ii) enhance controllability by enabling the formulation of optimization problems that incorporate hydraulic surrogates for modelling water quality. Furthermore, we validate the identified regions of increased water quality dynamics using continuous disinfectant data from a large-scale experimental programme. Our findings emphasize the need for further analytical and experimental research to manage water quality in distribution networks with dynamically adaptive connectivity and hydraulic control.
Water temperature modeling through regression and artificial neural network using short-term data for a Philippine River
Authors: Bautista Princess Mae , Duka Maurice Alfonso , Delos Reyes Aurelio , Sobremisana Antonio Gabino 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Predicting river water temperature is vital for monitoring water quality and managing water resources, yet tropical countries such as the Philippines often lack adequate monitoring systems. This study addresses this gap by developing predictive models using linear regression and artificial neural networks (ANNs) with short-term data from the Sapian River. The multiple linear regression model, which included same-day air temperature (AT), AT from 2 days prior, and the time of year, performed better than simpler models. Results show Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of 0.63 and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.56°C, suggesting that incorporating lagged AT enhances model accuracy compared to the best simple linear model, using only same-day AT, with NSE of 0.61 and RMSE of 0.57°C. The ANN model, which utilized daily AT, the previous day's temperature, and time of year, was the most effective, achieving the highest NSE of 0.69 and the lowest RMSE of 0.51°C. This demonstrates its capability to capture non-linear relationships in the data. This research pioneers river water temperature modeling in the Philippines, offering baseline data and methodologies for future studies. The findings highlight the importance of comprehensive approaches and improved monitoring systems to better manage river ecosystems.
Development of an effective rainwater harvesting system using sponge concrete
Authors: Joshi Tejas , Shivam Akbari , Dave Urmil 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Conventional concrete systems for rainwater harvesting often face challenges with water absorption and clogging. This study proposes an innovative approach: sponge concrete. By integrating absorbent sponge pieces, this method enhances rainwater absorption, overcomes limitations of conventional concrete, and improves water management during rainfall. Five different types of sponges were evaluated for their water absorption capabilities and the quality of water passing through them, assessed based on parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total dissolved solids (TDS), and electrical conductivity. Concrete was cast using these sponges to investigate properties such as density, void ratio, and compressive strength with various mix proportions. Among the sponges tested, the one with the lowest density showed the best water absorption results. The quality of water passing through all sponges remained within safety standards. A lower water-to-cement (w/c) ratio proved effective for achieving higher void ratio and lower density which is required for thereby achieving higher water absorption capacity. Although a higher void ratio resulted in relatively lower compressive strength, incorporating supplementary cementitious materials mitigated this issue to some extent. Hence, this study suggests that sponge concrete provides a promising solution for enhancing rainwater harvesting efficiency, offering an environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional concrete systems.
OPTIMASI PARAMETER PROSES 3D PRINTING TERHADAP KELENGKUNGAN SOFT PNEUMATIC GRIPPER DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN FILAMENT EFLEX
Authors: Hasdiansah Hasdiansah , Viniolita Thala Viniolita , Pristiansyah Pristiansyah , Herianto Herianto 
Published: September 2024

The emergence of 3D Printing technology has influenced several industries.3D Printing quickly produced mechanical components and prototype products with low production volumes. This research uses Cartesian DIY (Do It Yourself) 3D Printer and Eflex filament as material. This study aims to obtain the optimal process parameters set on the slicing software with the soft actuator angular response by giving two variations of 0.4 MPa and 0.6 MPa compressed air. Process parameters used in this study are flowrate, nozzle temperature, printing speed, and fan speed. This study aims to obtain the 3D printing process parameters using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology in producing soft actuators with the most optimal curvature angle using the Taguchi L9OA method. Measurement of soft actuator curvature angle using Fiji Image software. Based on the test results and the calculation of Taguchi analysis on the soft actuator curvature angle, the process parameter settings obtained in the slicing software for a pressure of 0.4 MPa are a flowrate of 105%, a nozzle temperature of 225 ºC, a printing speed of 30 mm/s, and a fan speed of 50%. Testing 0.6 MPa pressure is flowrate 105%, nozzle temperature 225 ºC, fan speed 50%, and printing speed 30 mm/s.
DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF NON-PNEUMATIC TIRES WITH HONEYCOMB SPOKES ON SPEED BUMPS
Authors: Sriwijaya Rachmat , Ghiffari Fakhri , Ra’if Zahran , Wijaya Burhani 
Published: September 2024

The Non-Pneumatic Tire (NPT) has rapidly developed as an alternative to the Pneumatic Tire since it was created by Michelin in 2005. This research aims to investigate the influence of load and speed on the stress experienced by honeycomb-structured spokes of NPT tires when passing over speed bumps and the behavior of stress distribution in honeycomb spokes. Using the ANSYS Explicit Dynamics module, the chosen simulation method is the finite element method with transient dynamics. Several simulations were conducted by varying the load and initial speed of the NPT. The results of this study indicate that the higher the initial speed of the NPT, the higher the stress experienced by the spokes. Conversely, for all examined speeds, load variations do not significantly impact the stress level in the spokes. Further study on the behavior of NPT tires on inclined roads was also conducted.