bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Workflow Scheduling in Cloud–Fog Computing Environments: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Bouabdallah Raouia , Fakhfakh Fairouz 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe Internet of Things (IoT) facilitates the connectivity of billions of physical devices for exchanging information and enabling a wide range of applications. These applications can be presented in the form of dependent tasks, as outlined in a workflow. These workflows face limitations due to constraints in IoT sensors. To address these limitations, cloud computing has emerged to offer a large capacity of computing and storing with a great capability to adjust resources according to the need. However, cloud computing might not adequately meet the low‐latency of IoT workflow requirements when scheduling a workflow composed of IoT tasks due to its centralized nature. Moreover, cloud computing is not ideal for delay‐sensitive workflows and may increase communication costs. In response to these challenges, the use of fog computing as an extension to cloud computing scheme is recommended. Fog computing aims to process workflow tasks close to IoT devices. While fog computing offers various advantages, integrating these systems into workflow scheduling remains one of the most formidable challenges in distributed environments. Indeed, significant issues arise due to the timely execution and the resource limitations. In this survey paper, we present a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on the current state of the art in this domain. We propose a taxonomy to compare and evaluate the existing studies on workflow scheduling approaches in cloud–fog computing environments. This taxonomy encompasses various criteria, including scheduling techniques, performance metrics, workflow dependencies, scheduling policies, and evaluation tools. We highlight certain recommendations for open issues which require more investigations. Our aim is to provide valuable insights for researchers and developers interested in understanding the contributions and challenges of current workflow scheduling approaches in cloud–fog computing environments.
Stat stimulates histone H3K4 methylation via KDM5 inhibition in adult stem cells of budding tunicates
Authors: Kimura‐Nagano Yuri , Kishimoto Kanoko , Sekida Satoko , Kawamura Kaz 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe branchial epithelium is one of the main tissues in which histone H3K4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) occurs in the budding tunicate, Polyandrocarpa misakiensis. It contains proliferating and undifferentiated cell aggregates at the bottom of each pharyngeal cleft, providing the nest for the adult stem cell niche. We examined the sustainable mechanism enabling epigenetic histone methylation in adult stem cells.ResultsHistone H3K4 demethylase (PmisKdm5) was not co‐expressed in vivo with the transcription factor, signal transduction and activator of transcription (PmisStat) in the same cells. PmisStat mRNA, when electroporated into zooids, suppressed the gene expression of PmisKdm5 and facilitated the trimethylation of H3K4. A STAT5 inhibitor blocked the nuclear localization of PmisStat. It stimulated PmisKdm5 gene expression irrespective of PmisStat mRNA. The KDM5 inhibitor, CPI‐455, stimulated H3K4me3 similarly to PmisStat mRNA. PmisStat mRNA and CPI‐455 both induced the gene expression of PmisAp2 and PmisSp8, which were recently identified as budding/regeneration‐related genes. When zooid tissues were treated with both CPI‐455 and the STAT5 inhibitor, CPI‐455 overwhelmed the effects of the STAT inhibitor on PmisAp2 and PmisSp8.ConclusionPmisStat is involved in epigenetic histone methylation at H3K4 through the inhibition of PmisKdm5. H3K4me3 affects downstream gene expression more directly and strongly than PmisStat.
Investigating the Impact of Hydrogen Bonding on Silicon Nitride (SiNx) Film
Authors: Yousuf Hasnain , Khan Alamgeer , Khokhar Muhammad Quddamah , Rahman Rafi ur , Madara Polgampola Chamani , Jony Jaljalalul Abedin , Zahid Muhammad Aleem , Kim Youngkuk , Yi Junsin 
Published: October 2024

The deposition of amorphous hydrogenated silicon nitride (a‐SiNx:H) via plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition is critical for optimizing the performance of crystalline silicon (c‐Si) solar cells. This study investigates the impact of varying gas ratios (GR = NH3/SiH4) on the optical and physical properties of deposited SiNx films. Results show that the refractive index (RI) ranges from 1.8 to 2.3 with changing gas compositions. Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy reveals shifts in [SiNH] and [SiH] stretching modes, indicating changes in hydrogen passivation and nitrogen incorporation. Hydrogen bonding densities of [SiH] and [SiNH] correlate positively with the RI. For example, the hydrogen bonding density [NH] ranges from 4.53 × 1023 to 6.32 × 1023 cm−3 for [SiNH] bonds while [Si‐H] varies from 6.93 × 1023 to 1.06 × 1024 cm−3. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) analysis shows stable hydrogen intensity, contrasting with a decrease in nitrogenhydrogen bonds. These findings highlight the key role of hydrogen bonding in determining SiNx film properties, with significant implications for semiconductor and photovoltaic applications.
A comparative analysis of game‐based learning and conventional learning in dental education
Authors: Fernández‐Gómez Fernando , Cosin‐Villanueva Maria , Almiñana‐Pastor Pedro , López‐Roldán Andrés 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of traditional teaching versus traditional teaching supplemented by serious gaming in imparting knowledge of periodontal indices among dentistry students. Additionally, the study seeks to measure the level of satisfaction among students engaging with the assessed teaching method.Materials and methodThis comparative study was approved by the ethics committee of the University of Valencia with file number: 2479311. A sample of 61 subjects was divided randomly into two groups: the test group (n = 36) and the control group (n = 25). Baseline knowledge of community index of periodontal treatment need was assessed through a questionnaire completed by both groups before receiving a comprehensive explanation of the topic. The test group, in addition to the conventional explanation, received supplementary training via an educational gaming experience. Both groups underwent a final evaluation and, subsequently, a satisfaction survey was completed by the test group. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed using a non‐parametric Brunner–Langer model. The relationship between scores was examined using Mann–Whitney and Wilcoxon tests, with a significance level set at α = 0.05.ResultsThe training, in general, was effective as both the test group (p = 0.003) and the control group (p = 0.015) demonstrated an increase in scores with both teaching modalities, but no significant difference was observed between the groups. The test group expressed a high level of satisfaction with the instructional approach.ConclusionNo statistically significant difference in learning outcomes was identified between the traditional lecture teaching method and the approach supplemented by gaming. There was an elevated level of student satisfaction with the gaming method.
Efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) hepaticogastrostomy (HGS) versus choledochoduodenostomy (CDS) in ERCP‐failed malignant biliary obstruction: A systematic review and META‐analysis
Authors: Rizqiansyah Chrisandi Y , Awatara Putu I D , Amar Nasim , Lesmana Cosmas R A , Mustika Syifa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEndoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the gold standard in managing malignant biliary obstruction. The success of ERCP has limitations, whereas surgical biliary bypass and percutaneous transhepatic approaches, as alternative modalities, come with significant costs, longer durations, and higher levels of mortality and morbidity. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)‐guided biliary drainage with two approaches, hepaticogastrostomy (EUS‐HGS) and choledochoduodenostomy (EUS‐CDS), is a favored and evolving alternative modality. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of EUS‐HGS and EUS‐CDS. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis by searching PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Scholar databases up to August 2023, based on the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. We identified randomized and nonrandomized studies comparing the efficacy and safety of EUS‐HGS and EUS‐CDS. Outcome measures included technical and clinical success, side effects, and mean procedure time. Nine nonrandomized studies and two randomized controlled trials involving 537 patients (225 EUS‐HGS, 312 EUS‐CDS) were analyzed. No difference was found in technical success (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.41–1.68; I2 = 0%) and clinical success between the two procedures (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.51–1.81; I2 = 9.94%). Side effects were significantly higher in EUS‐HGS (OR, 2.01, 95% CI, 1.14–3.59; I2 = 0%). No significant difference in mean procedure time was observed between the two procedures (0.13; 95% CI, −0.15–0.41; I2 = 34.89%). There are differences in efficacy and safety between EUS‐HGS and EUS‐CDS. EUS‐CDS has a faster procedure time, lower risk of side effects, and ease of puncture during the procedure.
Effectiveness of nonsurgical re‐instrumentation: Tooth‐related factors
Authors: Bumm Caspar Victor , Schwendicke Falk , Pitchika Vinay , Heck Katrin , Walter Elias , Ern Christina , Heym Richard , Werner Nils , Folwaczny Matthias 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate tooth‐related factors that influence pocket closure (PC) and the reduction of pocket probing depths (PPD) after nonsurgical re‐instrumentation (NSRI) as part of step 3 therapy.MethodsA total of 480 patients (10,807 teeth) presenting with residual pockets 6.33 ± 3.79 months after steps 1 and 2 of periodontal therapy were included and retrospectively analyzed before and 5.93 ± 4.31 months after NSRI. Reduction of PPD and PC rates following NSRI were associated with tooth‐related factors, namely tooth type, arch, number of roots, furcation involvement (FI), pulp vitality, mobility, type of restoration, presence of plaque, and bleeding on probing (BOP), using mixed‐effects regression models.ResultsNSRI reduced periodontal pockets persisting after initial cause‐related therapy by (mean ± SD) 1.32 ± 1.79 mm in PPD, and PC rate was 40%. Moderate pockets (4–5 mm) responded better to NSRI than deep pockets (≥ 6 mm) in terms of PC (51% vs. 16%). Both PPD reduction and PC rates of deep residual pockets were significantly influenced by tooth type, arch, number of roots, and presence of BOP.ConclusionTooth type, arch, number of roots, and presence of BOP at re‐evaluation (before NSRI) had a significant and clinically relevant influence on NSRI as part of step 3 therapy. Considering these factors, particularly for deep residual pockets, may allow more tailored re‐intervention.Plain language summaryThe present study aimed to investigate the influence of tooth‐related factors on the outcome of repeated nonsurgical therapy of periodontitis. Therefore, 480 patients (10,807 teeth) presenting with clinical symptoms of persistent periodontitis after initial therapy were administered repeated nonsurgical therapy and retrospectively analyzed. Therapy outcomes were associated with tooth‐related factors, namely tooth type, tooth location (maxilla/mandible), number of roots, involvement of the root furcation area in multi‐rooted teeth, pulp vitality, mobility, restoration, presence of plaque and bleeding upon periodontal probing, using mixed‐effects models. The results revealed that repeated nonsurgical therapy was effective in reducing inflammation and clinical signs of disease, with moderate residual periodontal defects responding better than deep defects. Healing of deep defects after repeated nonsurgical therapy; however, was significantly influenced by the factors: tooth type, location, number of roots, and bleeding on probing. Considering these factors, particularly in deep residual defects which are commonly suggested to be treated surgically, may allow less invasiveness and thus a more tailored re‐intervention.
Addressing the non‐ideality of an application relevant surfactant mixture within the hydrophilic–lipophilic‐deviation concept
Authors: Optatzi Jörn Phillipp , Schmiedel Peter , Glüsen Birgit , Hesami Mahdis 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn cleaning products, selecting the right surfactants for the specific soil or contamination is crucial. The hydrophilic–lipophilic deviation (HLD) concept serves as a useful formulation tool by describing the interactions between surfactants, oil and water. However, for mixtures of ionic and non‐ionic surfactants, the HLD concept assumes ideal mixing behavior, which does not hold true. Therefore, interactions between different surfactants must be considered. This can be achieved by introducing the interaction term GEX/RT. Evaluating this interaction term using a set of equilibrated surfactant/oil/water (SOW) systems under various conditions is both time‐consuming and resource intensive. This work aims to demonstrate the rapid determination of this interaction term using the dynamic phase salinity inversion (DSPI) method. We determined the phase behavior of a ternary surfactant system, consisting of sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, alkyl polyglucoside, and fatty alcohol ethoxylate, through both equilibrated systems and the DSPI method. Differences between the theoretical HLD calculations and actual experiments allowed us to access interaction terms. To validate GEX/RT obtained by DSPI, we employed net‐average‐curvature concept to model the interfacial tension under different conditions. Spinning drop measurements showed excellent agreement between theoretical and measured values, confirming the applicability of DSPI for determining interactions in this surfactant system.
The Impact of Sleep Deprivation on Video Head Impulse Test Results
Authors: Keren Shir , Hazan Itai , Ungar Omer J. , Peled Chilaf , Gimmon Yoav , Abu Freh Ismael , Kaminer Benyamin , Kaplan Daniel M. , Ziv Oren 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between sleep deprivation and vestibular dysfunction by Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT).MethodsThis prospective clinical trial explores the impact of acute sleep deprivation on the vestibular‐ocular reflex (VOR) in medical residents. The study involved healthy physicians from diverse medical disciplines. Participants underwent vHIT assessments before and after a 26‐h shift. The examinations focused solely on the right lateral semicircular canal. Participants further completed a demographics and fatigue questionnaire, including the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) questionnaire and a Visual Analog Fatigue Score (VAFS).ResultsThe study involved 30 medical residents. Participants experienced a statistically significant decrease in VOR gain in the right horizontal semicircular canal during a 26‐h shift (p < 0.01). While the FSS and VAFS questionnaires showed no significant difference before and after the shift, the analysis of ∆VOR gain indicated a statistically significant increase associated with decreased sleep time during the shift (p = 0.018, 95% Confidence Interval [0.08, 0.68]). The most substantial increase in ∆VOR occurred between 22–26 h of sleep deprivation. No significant differences were observed in ∆VOR between genders, ages, disciplines, department shifts versus emergency room shifts, or years of residency.ConclusionvHIT can be used as an objective, reliable screening tool for severe sleep deprivation among physicians. The decrease in the VOR gain may indicate that vestibular function is influenced by sleep deprivation. The clinical significance of these findings is still questioned, more studies may help to assess this effect.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 135:1177–1182, 2025
Simulation and experimental study on surface modification of 6061‐T651 aluminum alloy by machine hammer peening
Authors: Lin X. , Xu J. , Sun G. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMachine hammer peening is a surface treatment technique employed to enhance the surface properties of the treated samples. In this present work, the theoretical analysis, finite element simulation and experiment of single peening are carried out to investigate the relationship between the machine hammer peening force and geometric dimensions of the single peening indentation deformation, including diameter and depth. The single peening experimental results are in accordance with theoretical and simulation analysis. The machine hammer peening experiment with grate tool path are done and the results including surface topography, surface roughness, surface hardness, x‐ray diffraction analysis and wear resistance are discussed. This work seeks to explore the effects of process parameters like machine hammer peening force, indentation and pitch spacing on surface roughness and hardness. The results reveal that the surface hardness and roughness are positively associated with machine hammer peening force and small indentation and pitch spacing lead to high hardness. The x‐ray diffraction analysis validate machine hammer peening is a mechanical treatment without new compound generated. The friction test results in an enhancement in wear resistance of treated samples.
Relapse and survival after relapse among children with cancer in Denmark: 2001–2021
Authors: Andersen Mie Mølgaard , Sørensen Marie Christine Lundius , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Sehested Astrid Marie , Rostgaard Klaus , Olsen Marianne , Mikkelsen Torben Stamm , Wehner Peder Skov , Hjalgrim Lisa Lyngsie , Søegaard Signe Holst 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn recent decades, new first and subsequent lines of anticancer treatment and supportive care have improved survival for children with cancer. We investigated recent temporal changes in the incidence of relapse and survival after relapse among children with cancer in Denmark.ProcedureThis register‐based study included 2890 children diagnosed before age 15 years with haematological cancers and solid tumours (2001–2021) and central nervous system (CNS) tumours (2010–2021). We used the Aalen–Johansen and Kaplan–Meier estimators to assess cumulative incidence of relapse—defined as cancer recurrence or progression—and survival probability after relapse.ResultsComparing the periods 2001–2010 and 2011–2021, the 5‐year cumulative incidence of relapse decreased from 14% to 11% among children with haematological cancers (p = .07), and from 21% to 18% among children with solid tumours (p = .26). Concurrently, the 5‐year survival after relapse increased among children with haematological cancers (from 44% to 61%, p = .03) and solid tumours (from 38% to 46%, p = .25). Among children with malignant CNS tumours, the 5‐year cumulative incidence of relapse and the 5‐year survival after relapse remained stable (49% and 51%, p = .82; and 20% and 18%, p = .90) comparing 2010–2015 and 2016–2021.ConclusionsIn recent decades in Denmark, improvements were observed in reducing relapse incidence and increasing survival after relapse in children with haematological cancers and solid tumours. However, the persistent survival gap between children who relapse and those who do not across all childhood cancers underlines the need for intensified and highly targeted treatments for children at high risk of relapse.
Multifunctional TiO2(R)/Fe2O3 Photocatalytic Composites Obtained from Ilmenite Ore
Authors: Fabela‐Cedillo Mayte G. , Rodríguez‐Alfaro Luis F. , Torres‐Martínez Leticia M. , Vallejo Odín Reyes , Luévano‐Hipólito Edith 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe commercialization of the photocatalysis technology requires that the synthesis of the photocatalytic material is easy to scale up. Thus, the synthesis from earth‐abundant minerals represents one plausible solution to obtain materials by a scalable process with a lower environmental impact. So far, the most promising photocatalyst for this application is titanium dioxide (TiO2), which can be obtained from ilmenite ore; however, its synthesis usually implies toxic solvents and complicated reaction conditions. Thus, here is proposed an optimized method to extract higher amounts of TiO2 by a multivariable Plackett‐Burman design of experiments considering the mass of the ore precursor, the addition of phosphoric acid (H3PO4), the digestion temperature, the amount of base to adjust the pH, and the final thermal treatment. From this design, it was possible to minimize the heat treatment and the amount of base used to favor higher TiO2 (rutile) content with the presence of additional phases of iron oxides (Fe2O3) that act as co‐catalyst to enhance the photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO2/Fe2O3 composites obtained was investigated in four model reactions to obtain solar fuels (H2 evolution and CO2 reduction) and to remove endocrine water pollutants (bisphenol A and dyeing water), using visible and natural solar irradiation, respectively.
Lung MRI: The future is now
Authors: Woods Jason C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTomographic imaging via MRI can capture structural abnormalities at high resolution and reveal functional abnormalities if acquired during respiration. In infants and children with chronic lung diseases, MRI can serve as a safe and effective tool to characterize cardiorespiratory disease where PFTs are not feasible. Functional lung imaging via hyperpolarized Xe MRI has been shown to have very high sensitivity to regional airway obstruction, changes in alveolar‐airspace size/structure, and gas‐exchange due to abnormalities in the interstitium or blood‐flow; the technique is routinely used in ages 5 and up. This summary outlines each of the functional measures currently available using Xe MRI.
Stability, Electronic, and Piezoelectric Properties of H‐ and F‐Functionalized BP Sheets
Authors: Shi Jing , Han Chang , Dong Siyuan , Niu Haibo , Zhu Youzhang , Zhao Bei , Liu Huiling 
Published: October 2024

Herein, the electronic and piezoelectric properties of different types of (chair form and boat form) H/F‐functionalized boron phosphide (BP) sheets are examined by density‐functional theory calculations. After H/F atoms adsorb on both sides of pristine hexagonal boron phosphide (h‐BP) cell, the functionalized BP structure undergoes significant flatness distortion. The H/F‐functionalized BP sheets are predicted to be thermodynamically and dynamically stable. According to the calculations, it is demonstrated that chemical functionalization is an effective method to modulate the bandgap of h‐BP in a wide range (0.80–3.63 eV). The chair form F–BP–H shows large e31 (−0.7 × 10−10 C m−1) and d31 (−0.68 pm V−1). The d11 of boat form F–BP–H is 4.32 pm V−1, which is 95.5% higher than the pristine h‐BP monolayer (2.21 pm V−1). The study provides a possible way to modulate the intrinsic characteristics of the pristine h‐BP sheet, which would broaden its potential applications in the future for wider range of applications.