bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Batman: Film, fortælling: Det hyperbevidste
Authors: Collins Jim 
Published: March 2016

Populærtekster har fra 1980'erne og frem udviklet sig til at være hybrid-
tekster, der med udgangspunkt i mobile betydningsbærere som Batman
figuren bevæger sig på tværs af diskursformer og genreskel, samtidig
med at de aktivt inddrager tidligere aktiveringer af de mobile betydnings-
bærere fra populærkulturens historie. 'Handlingen' kan derfor ikke ad-
skilles fra dens kodificerede repræsentation, og de mange lag af inter-
tekster undergraver ideen om 'teksten i sig selv.' Med eksempler fra
Tim Burton's film Batman, Frank Millers grafiske roman The Dark Knight
Returns og Alan Moore's Watchmen argumenterer Jim Collins i denne
artikel for, at såvel forfattere som publikum til populærtekster er blevet
semiotisk sofistikerede og derved hyperbevidste om populærteksternes
intertekstualiteter. Dette har betydning for det generelle mediebillede, og
ikke mindst for den måde vi bruger medier på.
Travel Series as TV Entertainment: Genre characteristics and touristic views on foreign countries
Authors: Waade Anne Marit 
Published: March 2016

Why is it not the deprived developing country, but rather the tempting destination the host arrives in when guiding the audience in a travel series? And how can we explore the specific combination of entertainment and education that travel series represent? Basically the travel series genre is a hybrid of journalistic documentary, entertaining lifestyle series and TV ads and the different series put different emphasis on the different genre elements. Travel series represent a certain kind of mediated consumption and they reflect lifestyle identity in relation to touristic consumer cultures. Like other lifestyle series dealing with consumption products and lifestyle markers encompassing fashion, food, garden, design and interior that balance somewhere between journalism and advertising, travel series typically deal with destinations, travel modes, cultural experiences and food as commodities.
To understand the cultural and democratic value of travel series as a popular TV genre in the context of public service broadcasting, it is not the fact that the series contain educative and enlightening information about foreign cultures told in an entertaining and popular way that are of my interest. Rather it is tourism and media consumer culture as such, one has to expound as valuable democratic and cultural practice. The article presents different matrices of the respectively cultural and consumer knowledge that the different types of travel series include.
De danske medieværksteder
Authors: Andersen Peder 
Published: March 2016

Der findes mindst tre slags videoer: De film man lejer på benzintanken,
de kommercielle videoer: Virksomhedsportrætter, produktionsfremstød
etc. - og så findes der dem fra værkstederne, i dag mindst 25, hvor alle
med interesse i at lave video, kan låne udstyr og bånd, hvis de brænder
nok for sagen og passerer de brugerstyrede redationsudvalg.

De mange små og de to store statsstøttede værksteder i København og
Haderslev, har nu gennem mere end 10 år produceret temmelig mange
videoer om alle mulige emner. Begge de store værksteder har i 1987 ud-
sendt et katalog over de sidste 10 års produktioner. Vi har bedt lederen af
et af de mindre og senere tilkomne værksteder, Peder Andersen fra Århus,
præsentere tre aktuelle publikationer om værkstedsvideo og forklare hvor-
for video stadig er et ret upåagtet medie i Danmark. Men både forsknings-
mæssigt og undervisningsmæssigt synes videomiljøerne omkring værk-
stederne at være mindst "en rejse værd".
Semiologi i den kvalitative pretest af reklamefilm
Authors: Alsted Christian 
Published: March 2016

Semiologi, kunstteori og æstetisk teori er traditionelt hjemmehørende i den
analyse, der finder sted "post festum" - i værkanalysen af kunstnerisk
produktion eller i indholdanalysen af massekommunikation. Tilsvarende
har psykologien i bred forstand været den herskende tilgang til analysen
af reklamer, både hvad angår kvantitative og kvalitative indholdsaspekter.

Spørgsmålet er imidlertid om denne opdeling ikke er mere traditionelt
bestemt end egentlig hensigtsmæssig? Om reklameforskningen ikke kan
drage nytte af æstetisk teori, tegnteori - og massekommunikationsforsk-
ningen af psykologien?

I disse år ser vi tiltag, der arbejder på oplødning af disse traditionelle skel.
Vi ser tilnærmelser mellem de såkaldte kvantitative og kvalitative paradig-
mer. Vi ser tilnærmelser mellem den ikke-kommercielle og kommercielle
massekommunikationsforskning, som synes frugtbare.

I artiklen gør Christian Alsted rede for hvordan områder som semiologi,
kunstteori og æstetisk teori inddrages i den praktiske pretest af relkame-
film. Artiklen sluttes med en fyldig bibliografi over danske og udenlandske
publikationer inden for Marketing and Semiotics.
Mediefag og fagets grænser
Authors: Brøndgaard Povl Erik 
Published: March 2016

Den 9. -11. december 1988 blev der på Danmarks Lærerforenings kursus-
center "Skarrildhus" ved Herning afholdt en nordisk konference om "De
elektroniske billedmedier og mediepædagogikken" arrangeret af SMID. I
konferencen deltog bl.a. forskere og undervisere inden for folkeskolen,
gymnasiet og HF.

Artiklen her er et indlæg i debatten på konferencen, hvor Povl Erik Brønd-
gaard kan forestille sig "et mere bredt anlagt massekommunikationsfag,
hvor journalistiske arbejdsprocesser og arbejdsmetoder er et væsentligt
aspekt".
Oplysning og telematik
Authors: Duelund Peter 
Published: March 2016

Lokalforsøgene med informatik er blevet udforsket ud fra forskellige syns-
vinkler. På Lolland blev der gennemført et forsøg på Fejø i Ravnsborg
Kommune. Kultursociologen Peter Duelund var følgeforsker på dette forsøg.
I denne artikel analyserer han forsøget ud fra en oplysningspolitisk syns-
vinkel. Peter Duelund fremdrager, at en væsentlig barriere i oplysnings-
projektets succes, er de indvolverede personers kulturelle kompetence.
Manglende kulturel kompetence viser sig som manglende beredvillighed til
at indgå i forsøgsprocessen.
Public Service radio - fra monopol til niche
Authors: Lønsmann Leif 
Published: March 2016

Radioen har nået pensionsalderen. I hvert fald hvis man måler med den
målestok, man pensionerer mennesker efter. BBC rundede de 67 år i
1989, DR gør det i 1993. Men på trods af sin alder er radioen i live - i
bevægelse og udvikling - på godt og ondt. Der findes i dag til flere radio-
stationer end no- gensinde, der tilsammen sender mere radio end nogen-
sinde til flere lyttere end nogensinde før i radioens historie. Radioen er
det mest brugte massemedium i verden, målt i tidsforbrug.
Artiklen skitserer de centrale problemer for den monopolradio, som nu
er under forandring. Ikke alene er dens unikke status ophævet, men
dens almene forpligtelser udtrykt i public-service princippet er også
under revurdering. Hvordan bør politikere og DR reagere på den ny
situation - hvordan skal public-service principperne forvaltes? Det er
de centrale temaer for diskussion i den følgende artikel.
Fra rockkoncert til musikvideo - et opbrud i rockens betydninger
Authors: Ihlemann Lisbeth 
Published: March 2016

Diskussionen om rockmusikkens oprindelighed og ægthed har eksi-
steret lige så længe som rocken selv. Både kritikere og fans forsøger
at trække fronter mellem "god rockmusik", der opfattes som udtryk-
kende noget ægte og spontant og "dårlig rcokmusik", som lader sig
iscenesætte og omklamre af den kommercielle musikindustrie.
I denne artikel diskuteres de autencitetsforestillinger, der gennem
tiderne har præget vores vurdering af rockmusikken. Med rockkon-
certen som udgangspunkt for en forståelse af det komplekse og mod-
sætningsfyldte forhold mellem autenticitet, ægthed og iscenesættelse,
undersøger Lisbeth Ihlemann musikvideoen. Den er rockens ægteskab
med TV, og opfattes af nogle kritikere som det afgørende skridt væk fra
rødderne. Bl.a. fordi video-mediet via distancen til tilhører/tilskuer bryder
med den tilstedeværelse-her-og-nu, som er et centralt element i den
"ægte" rockmusik.
Lisbeth Ihlemann argumenterer i artiklen dels for at rockens autentictets-
begreb er dynamisk og flertydigt, og dels for at vores forståelse af det
autentiske hele tiden er i bevægelse - ganske som rockmusikkens
udtryksformer.
Faktion - en farlig blanding!
Authors: Kjørup Søren 
Published: March 2016

Medieforskningens emner er ikke fri for at komme i modebølger. I dansk
medieforskning i anden halvdel af 1980´erne drejede det sig ikke mindst
om faktion. Interessen blandt forskerne for fjernsynet generelt havde ført
til en interesse for fjernsynets genrer og fortælleformer, og det førte igen
til en skærpet interesse for programmer der ikke lader sig kategorisere
som typiske faktaprogrammer eller typiske fiktionsprogrammer fordi de
indeholder træk fra begge grupper. Men ligesom faktionens blanding af
virkelighedsskildring og digtning kan være en farlig og provokerende sag
i den offentlige debat, har den vist sig at være en farlig blanding for medie-
forskningen.
Medieetnografiske problemstillinger - en oversigt
Authors: Drotner Kirsten 
Published: March 2016

Hvorfor er medieetnografi blevet så populær inden for kvalitativ medie-
forskning på blot få år? Hvorledes defienrer og bruger forskerne begre-
bet medieetnografi? Hvilke problemstillinger er de vigtigste i medieetno-
grafien? Oversigtsartiklen giver svar på disse spørgsmål, og Drotner
argumenterer samtidig for, at begrebet medieetnografi bør defineres
som et alternativ til receptionsforskningen og ikke som en udvidelse,
således som de fleste gør det i den internationale faglitteratur. En mere
præcis definition og refeksiv brug af medieetnografien, hævder hun, vil
medvirke til at skærpe bevidstheden om den kvalitative medieforsknings
muligheder og begrænsninger.
Factors associated with loss to follow‐up among women in Option B+ PMTCT programme in northeast Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mitiku Israel , Arefayne Mastewal , Mesfin Yonatal , Gizaw Muluken 
Published: March 2016

IntroductionEthiopia has recently adopted lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all HIV‐positive pregnant and breastfeeding women (Option B+ strategy), regardless of CD4 count or clinical stage. However, the exact timing and predictors of loss to follow‐up (LFU) are unknown. Thus, we examined the levels and determinants of LFU under Option B+ among pregnant and breastfeeding women initiated on lifelong ART for prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission (PMTCT) in Ethiopia.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study among 346 pregnant and breastfeeding women who started ART at 14 public health facilities in northeast Ethiopia from March 2013 to April 2015. We defined LFU as 90 days since the last clinic visit among those not known to have died or transferred out. We used Kaplan‐Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate cumulative LFU and identify the predictors of LFU, respectively.ResultsOf the 346 women included, 88.4% were pregnant and the median follow‐up was 13.7 months. Overall, 57 (16.5%) women were LFU. The cumulative proportions of LFU at 6, 12 and 24 months were 11.9, 15.7 and 22.6%, respectively. The risk of LFU was higher in younger women (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 18 to 24 years/30 to 40 years: 2.3; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2 to 4.5), in those attending hospitals compared to those attending health centres (aHR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.1 to 3.2), in patients starting ART on the same day of diagnosis (aHR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.1 to 3.2) and missing CD4 cell counts at ART initiation (aHR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.2 to 4.4).ConclusionsThe level of LFU we found in this study is comparable with previous findings from other resource‐limited settings. However, high early LFU shortly after ART initiation is still a major problem. LFU was high among younger women, those initiating ART on the day of HIV diagnosis, those missing baseline CD4 count and those attending hospitals. Thus, targeted HIV care and treatment programmes for these patients should be part of future interventions to improve retention in care under the Option B+ PMTCT programme.
French validation of the Barcelona Music Reward Questionnaire
Authors: Saliba Joe , Lorenzo-Seva Urbano , Marco-Pallares Josep , Tillman Barbara , Zeitouni Anthony , Lehmann Alexandre 
Published: March 2016

Background.The Barcelona Music Reward Questionnaire (BMRQ) questionnaire investigates the main facets of music experience that could explain the variance observed in how people experience reward associated with music. Currently, only English and Spanish versions of this questionnaire are available. The objective of this study is to validate a French version of the BMRQ.Methods.The original BMRQ was translated and adapted into an international French version. The questionnaire was then administered through an online survey aimed at adults aged over 18 years who were fluent in French. Statistical analyses were performed and compared to the original English and Spanish version for validation purposes.Results.A total of 1,027 participants completed the questionnaire. Most responses were obtained from France (89.4%). Analyses revealed that congruence values between the rotated loading matrix and the ideal loading matrix ranged between 0.88 and 0.96. Factor reliabilities of subscales (i.e., Musical Seeking, Emotion Evocation, Mood Regulation, Social Reward and Sensory-Motor) also ranged between 0.88 and 0.96. In addition, reliability of the overall factor score (i.e., Music reward) was 0.91. Finally, the internal consistency of the overall scale was 0.85. The factorial structure obtained in the French translation was similar to that of the original Spanish and English samples.Conclusion.The French version of the BMRQ appears valid and reliable. Potential applications of the BMRQ include its use as a valuable tool in music reward and emotion research, whether in healthy individuals or in patients suffering from a wide variety of cognitive, neurologic and auditory disorders.
Facial width-to-height ratio relates to dominance style in the genusMacaca
Authors: Borgi Marta , Majolo Bonaventura 
Published: March 2016

Background.Physical, visual, chemical, and auditory cues signalling fighting ability have independently evolved in many animal taxa as a means to resolve conflicts without escalating to physical aggression. Facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR, i.e., the relative width to height of the face) has been associated with dominance-related phenotypes both in humans and in other primates. In humans, faces with a larger fWHR are perceived as more aggressive.Methods.We examined fWHR variation among 11 species of the genusMacaca. Macaques have been grouped into four distinct categories, from despotic to tolerant, based on their female dominance style. Female dominance style is related to intra- and inter-sexual competition in both males and females and is the result of different evolutionary pressure across species. We used female dominance style as a proxy of intra-/inter-sexual competition to test the occurrence of correlated evolution between competitive regimes and dominance-related phenotypes. fWHR was calculated from 145 2D photographs of male and female adult macaques.Results.We found no phylogenetic signal on the differences in fWHR across species in the two sexes. However, fWHR was greater, in females and males, in species characterised by despotic female dominance style than in tolerant species.Discussion.Our results suggest that dominance-related phenotypes are related to differences in competitive regimes and intensity of inter- and intra-sexual selection across species.
Activities of Daily Living
Authors: Klimczuk Andrzej 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Measurement of ability or inability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) is important to in describing the functional status of a person and then implementing an intervention. Evaluations of ADLs are mainly used in nursing and in rehabilitation of people with disabilities and the elderly. Measuring ability to perform ADLs is crucial for the management of healthcare in aging societies. It is important to understand differences between categories of ADLs and challenges in their evaluation that are connected to the roles of family members.
Breadwinner Role
Authors: Train Kelly Amanda 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The concept of the “breadwinner role” became prominent between 1790 and 1865 in the west under industrialization. Until this period, both men's and women's participation in production were considered essential to family survival. In agrarian societies, the lines separating the gender division of labor were often blurred. With the onset of industrialization, the gender division of labor became rigid, and men and women became associated with separate and different spheres of work. Women became associated with the domestic sphere, which included all household work and caregiving, while men became entirely responsible for the financial support of the family as the “breadwinner.”
A
ustralia, Families in
Authors: Cook Kay 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Australia is a Commonwealth country with a high standard of living and a growing population of over 23 million people. Like other western nations, Australians are marrying later, having fewer children, and experiencing relationship breakdown at an increasing rate. Within families, the division of domestic labor falls disproportionately on women, who tend to do the lion's share of household and childrearing work and assume the responsibility of care for elderly parents. However, while most Australians enjoy high average incomes and quality of life, these figures obscure the third‐world conditions faces by many Aboriginal Australians. Closing the gap between Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal life expectancy and well‐being outcomes is a pressing and popular policy issue, as is the recognition of same‐sex marriage by the federal parliament.
AfricanAmerican Families
Authors: Graham Roderick 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe African American family has been a topic of interest among scholars since the late nineteenth century. Scholars initially questioned the effect of plantation patterns on the families of free men and women. As African Americans began migrating into northern urban centers in the late nineteenth century, scholars noted stark class differences within black communities. Daniel P. Moynihan's report in 1965 identified patterns within poor families that he asserted would reproduce poverty for generations. Scholars responded by highlighting the cultural uniqueness of the black family and its resilience in the face of discrimination. In the twenty‐first century, African American family patterns continue to be a major area of study. African Americans experience lower marriage rates and higher divorce rates. Meanwhile, African American women have reached economic parity with their white counterparts, and a burgeoning middle class works to pass on class status and racial identity to their children.
Alternative Schools in the
U
nited
S
tates
Authors: Kokkinakis Alexandra S. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Alternative schools are designed to meet the needs of adolescent students who do not find success in a traditional school setting. Many of the students who attend these schools are considered at risk of failing or dropping out for various reasons, including academic, behavioral, social, and personal struggles. Alternative schools attempt to act as a form of drop‐out prevention, offering students a second chance to complete their education. They tend to offer a more flexible and tailored learning environment in which students can find personal success and positive self‐esteem. Additional assistance for unique student needs including day care and meal programs are also often offered to further deter students from dropping out. While many students who attend alternative schools do find success, there is a stigma associated with these schools as they are labeled a “dumping ground” for deviant or problematic students.
Bigamy
Authors: Karas Emily , Puhlman Daniel J. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Bigamy is a form of polygamous marriage in which one individual intentionally and knowingly marries two individuals simultaneously and unbeknownst to each spouse, and is a criminal act in monogamous cultures. Bigamy dates back to the the advent of marriage; it is rooted in the history of several religions. Bigamy arose as a result of problematic record keeping, divorce laws, and desertion of spouses. In the early twenty‐first century, bigamy remains illegal in most countries worldwide and all 50 US states; however, it occurs voluntarily as a result of religious beliefs. People who believe they are legally divorced also may unknowingly commit bigamy.
[1+1+1] Cyclotrimerization for the Synthesis of Cyclopropanes
Authors: Manna Srimanta , Antonchick Andrey P. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of small rings by functionalization of C(sp3)−H bonds remains a great challenge. We report for the first time a copper‐catalyzed [1+1+1] cyclotrimerization of acetophenone derivatives under mild reaction conditions. The reaction has a broad scope for the stereoselective synthesis of cyclopropanes by trimerization of acetophenone. The developed transformation is based on an extraordinary copper‐catalyzed cascade process that allows saturated carbocycles to be obtained for the first time by cyclotrimerization through functionalization of C(sp3)−H bonds. The cascade of sixfold C(sp3)−H bond functionalization allows the synthesis of cyclopropanes in a highly stereoselective approach.
High‐Yield Excited Triplet States in Pentacene Self‐Assembled Monolayers on Gold Nanoparticles through Singlet Exciton Fission
Authors: Kato Daiki , Sakai Hayato , Tkachenko Nikolai V. , Hasobe Taku 
Published: March 2016

AbstractOne of the major drawbacks of organic‐dye‐modified self‐assembled monolayers on metal nanoparticles when employed for efficient use of light energy is the fact that singlet excited states on dye molecules can be easily deactivated by means of energy transfer to the metal surface. In this study, a series of 6,13‐bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene–alkanethiolate monolayer protected gold nanoparticles with different particle sizes and alkane chain lengths were successfully synthesized and were employed for the efficient generation of excited triplet states of the pentacene derivatives by singlet fission. Time‐resolved transient absorption measurements revealed the formation of excited triplet states in high yield (172±26 %) by suppressing energy transfer to the gold surface.
A comparative study of characteristics of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers manufactured by various processes
Authors: Xu Yukang , Huang Chen , Jin Xiangyu 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTA series of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fibers were manufactured by three processing methods including extrusion process, split‐sheet process and split‐film process. The influence of processing methods on fiber properties were systematically studied using four PTFE powders with various molecular weights (3.86 × 107, 4.71 × 107, 4.92 × 107 and 5.11 × 107, respectively). Morphology, crystallinity, tensile behavior and friction properties of PTFE fibers were compared by scanning electron micrograph, X‐ray diffraction pattern, strength‐elongation curves and friction coefficients, respectively. The results showed that the in terms of flat filaments, mechanical properties became weak with the increase of molecular weight of PTFE powders at first, but were improved dramatically with further enhancement of molecular weight. In the case of both round filaments and split‐film fibers, fiber properties were improved with growth of molecular weight. Based on characteristics and friction coefficients, potential applications of three types of PTFE samples were analyzed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43553.