bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tripaddled Anterolateral Thigh Flap for the Reconstruction of Extensively Full-Thickness Cheek Defects by Stacking Two Skin Paddles as Kiss Pattern
Authors: Wang Fei , Pradhan Pralab , Li Ning , Jiang Canhua , liu Wen , Zeng Lijuan 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Extended anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap can provide a large amount of skin to reconstruct the extensively full-thickness defects of cheek. However when the width of 1 skin paddle exceeds 8 cm, it always results in that the donor site cannot be closed primarily and need to be covered by split-thickness skin grafting, which delivers lots of impacts on the functional and cosmetic outcome of the thigh. The aim of this study was to introduce the authors’ modification of stacking 2 skin paddles of the tripaddled ALT flap to reconstruct the extensive full-thickness defects in the cheek after the radical ablasion of advanced buccal squamous cell carcinoma. Ten patients of advanced buccal squamous cell carcinoma between March 2014 and December 2016 were enrolled in the authors’ hospital. All the patients were received the soft-tissue reconstructions for the extensively full-thickness cheek defects by using the tripaddled ALT chimeric flaps. Among 3 skin paddles, the distal paddle was used to reconstruct the inner mucosa defect, and the other 2 large skin paddles were stacked side by side for outer mega cheek defect. The mean area of the intraoral defect was 32.2 cm2 and the mean area of the extraoral defect was 106.34 cm2. The mean width of the outer skin defect was 9.5 cm. All the flaps survived and all the donor sites were closed primarily. So, stacking 2 skin paddles of a tripaddled ALT flap as a kiss pattern is a novel modification on conventional flap design to provide customized coverage for extensive and full-thickness buccal defects while minimizing donor-site morbidity.
Can Tumor Size Be a Predictive Factor of Olfactory Dysfunction After Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-Sphenoidal Approach?
Authors: Kim Do Hyun , Hong Yong Kil , Jeun Sin-Soo , Park Jae-Sung , Kim Soo Whan , Cho Jin Hee , Park Yong Jin , Jeong Jang-Won , Kim Sung Won 
Published: December 2017

Background and Objective:
The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships between tumor size, nasal symptoms including olfactory function, and posoperative atrophic mucosal changes after the endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach (EETSA).

Methods:
This was a retrospective review of the medical records of 112 patients who underwent the 2 nostrils/4 hands EETSA with bilateral modified nasoseptal rescue flaps between February 2009 and January 2016. Pre- and postoperative paranasal sinus computed tomography, nasal cavity endoscopic images, the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) test, Cross-Cultural Smell Identification Test (CCSIT), the Nasal Obstruction Symptoms Evaluation, and the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-20 were conducted. Nasal mucosal changes as determined by endoscopy were divided into 4 groups: normal to normal, Group A; atrophy to atrophy, Group B; normal to atrophy, Group C; and atrophy to more atrophy, Group D. The Mimics program was used to calculate nasal cavity volume changes after surgery.

Results:
There were significant differences between pre- and postoperative olfactory function as reflected by the CCCRC (P < 0.001) and CCSIT (P < 0.001) scores. There was also a correlation between tumor size and olfactory function scores such as the CCCRC (P = 0.012) or CCSIT (P = 0.015). Moreover, nasal mucosal atrophic changes were related to tumor size and olfactory function tests.

Conclusion:
The tumor size was related to olfactory function and atrophic mucosal changes. Therefore, patients with large tumors should be informed that, after the EETSA, their olfaction may be altered and that nasal symptoms related to mucosal atrophy could occur.
Computer-Assisted Volumetric Analysis and Quantitatively Anophthalmic Orbit Reconstruction With Dorsalis Pedis Flap and Bone Graft
Authors: Cheng Li-Ying , Bian Wei-Wei , Sun Xiao-Ming , Yu Zhe-Yuan , Zhang Ying , Zhang Lu , Zhang Yu-Guang , Jin Rong 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Current approaches to orbit reconstruction are based on the assumption of facial symmetry and surgeons’ experiences, and the reconstructed orbits are not precise. Through computer-assisted volumetric quantitative analysis, the volume of the bony orbit, and the volume of the soft tissues in both the anophthalmic orbit and the contralateral orbit are calculated in 39 anophthalmic patients. The rib graft is used for orbit reconstruction; the dosalis pedis flap and lipo-injection were used for soft tissue reconstruction and skin socket reconstruction. The size and the shape of the rib graft and soft tissues were designed according to the volumetric analysis. The size and the shape of the skin socket were designed according to measurement during surgery. Asymmetry eye sockets with adequate size were created in the 37 patients. Two patients presented with a poor asymmetry with the contralateral orbit, and got gradual extrusion of the eye prosthesis 4 months after operation, which was because of necrosis of the flaps. The flaps were remedied by frontal island flap and skin grafting. Further surgeries, such as lipoinjection, lid surgery, and canthoplasty, were applied to improve the surgical results. The eye prostheses fitted well in all of the reconstructed sockets using this technique. Our studies suggest that the computer-assisted volumetric analysis technique combined with quantitative bone graft and dorsalis pedis flap transfer, ± lipoinjection proved to be an accurate method and a quality assurance for optimization of bony orbit, soft tissue and skin socket reconstruction, and promised a successful postoperative outcome for patients’ functional and esthetic appearance.
Low-temperature atomic layer deposition of SiO
2
/Al
2
O
3
multilayer structures constructed on self-standing films of cellulose nanofibrils
Authors: Putkonen Matti , Sippola Perttu , Svärd Laura , Sajavaara Timo , Vartiainen Jari , Buchanan Iain , Forsström Ulla , Simell Pekka , Tammelin Tekla 
Published: December 2017

In this paper, we have optimized a low-temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) of SiO
2
using AP-LTO® 330 and ozone (O
3
) as precursors, and demonstrated its suitability to surface-modify temperature-sensitive bio-based films of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). The lowest temperature for the thermal ALD process was 80°C when the silicon precursor residence time was increased by the stop-flow mode. The SiO
2
film deposition rate was dependent on the temperature varying within 1.5–2.2 Å cycle
−1
in the temperature range of 80–350°C, respectively. The low-temperature SiO
2
process that resulted was combined with the conventional trimethyl aluminium + H
2
O process in order to prepare thin multilayer nanolaminates on self-standing CNF films. One to six stacks of SiO
2
/Al
2
O
3
were deposited on the CNF films, with individual layer thicknesses of 3.7 nm and 2.6 nm, respectively, combined with a 5 nm protective SiO
2
layer as the top layer. The performance of the multilayer hybrid nanolaminate structures was evaluated with respect to the oxygen and water vapour transmission rates. Six stacks of SiO
2
/Al
2
O with a total thickness of approximately 35 nm efficiently prevented oxygen and water molecules from interacting with the CNF film. The oxygen transmission rates analysed at 80% RH decreased from the value for plain CNF film of 130 ml m
−2
d
−1
to 0.15 ml m
−2
d
−1
, whereas the water transmission rates lowered from 630 ± 50 g m
−2
d
−1
down to 90 ± 40 g m
−2
d
−1
.

This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘New horizons for cellulose nanotechnology’.
Cellulose nanomaterials as green nanoreinforcements for polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Dufresne Alain 
Published: December 2017

Unexpected and attractive properties can be observed when decreasing the size of a material down to the nanoscale. Cellulose is no exception to the rule. In addition, the highly reactive surface of cellulose resulting from the high density of hydroxyl groups is exacerbated at this scale. Different forms of cellulose nanomaterials, resulting from a top-down deconstruction strategy (cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibrils) or bottom-up strategy (bacterial cellulose), are potentially useful for a large number of industrial applications. These include the paper and cardboard industry, use as reinforcing filler in polymer nanocomposites, the basis for low-density foams, additives in adhesives and paints, as well as a wide variety of filtration, electronic, food, hygiene, cosmetic and medical products. This paper focuses on the use of cellulose nanomaterials as a filler for the preparation of polymer nanocomposites. Impressive mechanical properties can be obtained for these materials. They obviously depend on the type of nanomaterial used, but the crucial point is the processing technique. The emphasis is on the melt processing of such nanocomposite materials, which has not yet been properly resolved and remains a challenge.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘New horizons for cellulose nanotechnology’.
Transparent wood for functional and structural applications
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Fu Qiliang , Yang Xuan , Berglund Lars 
Published: December 2017

Optically transparent wood combines mechanical performance with optical functionalities is an emerging candidate for applications in smart buildings and structural optics and photonics. The present review summarizes transparent wood preparation methods, optical and mechanical performance, and functionalization routes, and discusses potential applications. The various challenges are discussed for the purpose of improved performance, scaled-up production and realization of advanced applications.
This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘New horizons for cellulose nanotechnology’.
A study of Kibbutzim in Israel reveals risk factors for cardiometabolic traits and subtle population structure
Authors: Granot-Hershkovitz Einat , Karasik David , Friedlander Yechiel , Rodriguez-Murillo Laura , Dorajoo Rajkumar , Liu Jianjun , Sewda Anshuman , Peter Inga , Carmi Shai , Hochner Hagit 
Published: December 2017

AbstractGenetic studies in isolated populations have provided increased power for identifying loci associated with complex diseases and traits. We present here the Kibbutzim Family Study (KFS), initiated for investigating environmental and genetic determinants of cardiometabolic traits in extended Israeli families living in communes characterized by long-term social stability and homogeneous environment. Extensive information on cardiometabolic traits, as well as genome-wide genetic data, was collected on 901 individuals, making this study, to the best of our knowledge, the largest of its kind in Israel. We have thoroughly characterized the KFS genetic structure, observing that most participants were of Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) origin, and confirming a recent severe bottleneck in their recent history (point estimates: effective size ≈450 individuals, 23 generations ago). Focusing on genetic variants enriched in KFS compared with non-Finnish Europeans, we demonstrated that AJ-specific variants are largely involved in cancer-related pathways. Using linear mixed models, we conducted an association study of these enriched variants with 16 cardiometabolic traits. We found 24 variants to be significantly associated with cardiometabolic traits. The strongest association, which we also replicated, was between a variant upstream of the MSRA gene, ≈200-fold enriched in KFS, and weight (P=3.6·10−8). In summary, the KFS is a valuable resource for the study of the population genetics of Israel as well as the genetics of cardiometabolic traits in a homogeneous environment.
Glyoxalase (GLO1) inhibition or genetic overexpression does not alter ethanol’s locomotor effects: implications for GLO1 as a therapeutic target in alcohol use disorders
Authors: Barkley-Levenson Amanda M , Lagarda Frances A , Palmer Abraham A 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundGlyoxalase 1 (GLO1) is an enzyme that metabolizes methylglyoxal (MG), which is a competitive partial agonist at GABAA receptors. Inhibition of GLO1 increases concentrations of MG in the brain and decreases binge-like ethanol drinking. The present study assessed whether inhibition of GLO1, or genetic over expression of Glo1, would also alter the locomotor effects of ethanol, which might explain reduced ethanol consumption following GLO1 inhibition. We used the prototypical GABAA receptor agonist muscimol as a positive control.MethodsMale C57BL/6J mice were pretreated with aeither the GLO1 inhibitor S-bromobenzylglutathione cyclopentyl diester (pBBG; 7.5 mg/kg; Experiment 1) or muscimol (0.75 mg/kg; Experiment 2), or their corresponding vehicle. We then determined whether locomotor response to a range of ethanol doses (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5) was altered by either pBBG or muscimol pretreatment. We also examined the locomotor response to a range of ethanol doses in FVB/NJ wild type and transgenic Glo1 over expressing mice (Experiment 3). Anxiety-like behavior (time spent in the center of the open field) was assessed in all three experiments.ResultsThe ethanol dose-response curve was not altered by pretreatment with pBBG or by transgenic overexpression of Glo1. In contrast, muscimol blunted locomotor stimulation at low ethanol doses, and potentiated locomotor sedation at higher ethanol doses. No drug or genotype differences were seen in anxiety-like behavior after ethanol treatment.ConclusionsThe dose of pBBG used in this study is within the effective range shown previously to reduce ethanol drinking. Glo1 overexpression has been previously shown to increase ethanol drinking. However, neither manipulation altered the dose response curve for ethanol’s locomotor effects, whereas muscimol appeared to enhance the locomotor sedative effects of ethanol. The present data demonstrate that reduced ethanol drinking caused by GLO1 inhibition is not due to potentiation of ethanol’s stimulant or depressant effects.
Was maize domesticated in the Balsas Basin? Complex patterns of genetic divergence, gene flow and ancestral introgressions among Zea subspecies suggest an alternative scenario
Authors: Moreno-Letelier Alejandra , Aguirre-Liguori J.A. , Tenaillon Maud I. , Piñero Daniel , Gaut Brandon S. , Vázquez-Lobo Alejandra , Eguiarte Luis E. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe study of maize domestication has overlooked the genetic structure within maize’s wild relative teosinte. Prior to investigating the domestication history of maize (Zea mays subspecies mays), one should first understand the population history of teosintes and how they relate to maize. To achieve this, we used 32,739 SNPs obtained from a broad sampling of teosinte populations and 46 maize landraces and a) inferred current and past gene flow among teosinte populations and maize, b) analyzed the degree of introgression among Zea mays subspecies, and c) explored the putative domestication location of maize. We found geographic structure and introgression between Zea mays taxa. Teosinte subspecies have diverged significantly from maize, which indicates that current teosinte populations have evolved mainly independently from maize since the domestication. Our results further suggest that the likely ancestor of maize may maybe have come from Jalisco or the Pacific coast.One Sentence SummaryShared polymorphism in teosinte suggests a Jalisco origin of maize domestication.
Framework for sustainable construction practices in Sri Lanka
Authors: Athapaththu Kushani Ishara , Karunasena Gayani 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
Sustainability in construction is a challenging task for contractors due to diminishing natural resources and increasing energy costs. The purpose of this paper is to identify key issues that affect the adaptation of sustainable construction practices by Sri Lankan contracting organisations and propose a framework for successful adaptation.

Design/methodology/approach
Eight semi-structured interviews are conducted from three selected case studies to gather data on sustainable construction practices and related issues in contracting organisations in Sri Lanka. The proposed framework is validated and enhanced by interviews conducted with seven industry experts in Sri Lanka and the Persian Gulf region. A cross-case with code-based content analysis is used to analyse the data.

Findings
Gaps in the legal framework and weak enforcement of prevailing rules, less institutional intervention, less commitment of people especially key stakeholders, wrong perceptions on capital costs, and low levels of education and experience on sustainable construction are identified as key issues, similar to the Persian Gulf region. The proposed framework presents suggestions for successful adaptation of sustainable construction practices in the following eight key areas: legal framework, standards, guidelines or policies, design, procurement, technology, processes and innovations, people and organisational structure, education and training, and measurements and reporting.

Research limitations/implications
The scope of this research is limited to the data gathered from C1 category construction contractors in Sri Lanka and similar category in the United Arab Emirates of the Persian Gulf region.

Originality/value
The framework for the enhancement of sustainable construction practices via contracting organisations is proposed as an inaugural step to establishing a country-based and industry-specific model to achieve sustainability in the Sri Lankan construction industry.
Learning and usefulness stemming from collaboration in a maritime crisis management exercise in Northern Norway
Authors: Magnussen Leif Inge , Carlstrøm Eric , Sørensen Jarle Løwe , Torgersen Glenn-Egil , Hagenes Erlend Fritjof , Kristiansen Elsa 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
This research investigates the perceived collaboration between public, private, and volunteer organisations during maritime crisis work, with an emphasis on learning and collaboration. The purpose of this paper is to investigate participants’ perceived collaboration training in relation to learning and usefulness.

Design/methodology/approach
The exercise studied in this research was run in the far North in Norway. It was estimated by the participants to be Europe’s most extensive exercise in 2016. Mixed methods research approach was applied, i.e. on-site observations, photos and interviews were conducted during the exercise. After the exercise, an online survey was distributed to emergency personnel holding different positions in conjunction with this exercise.

Findings
As reported, the exercise contributed to new insights on the relationship between collaboration and learning. The study showed that collaborative elements in exercises contribute to perceived learning (R=0.86, R2=0.74), and that learning in turn had a perceived beneficial effect on actual emergency work (R=0.79, R2=0.62).

Research limitations/implications
The possible research implications from this study include more focus on collaboration and new training schemes that could increase learning and usefulness.

Practical implications
Collaboration between actors seemed to suffer from the size of the exercise. A smaller exercise, less dependency on predetermined scripts, and more receptivity towards improvisation could improve collaboration.

Social implications
Increased awareness on the outcomes of collaboration exercise might increase their learning and usefulness, providing societies with improved rescue services.

Originality/value
This research implies that increased perceived collaboration has an effect on learning and usefulness in maritime exercises.
Achieving sustainability through integrating risk management into the architectural design process
Authors: Othman Ayman Ahmed Ezzat , Abdelwahab Nermeen Mohamed Amin 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework integrating risk management (RM) into the architectural design process (ADP) as an approach for delivering sustainable construction projects.

Design/methodology/approach
A research methodology, which consisted of literature review and field study, is designed to accomplish four objectives. First, to provide a comprehensive literature review of the concepts of sustainability, ADP and RM. Second, to present and synthesis the results of two relevant studies focused on identifying, quantifying and classifying the risks associated with ADP; and investigating the perception and application of Egyptian architectural design firms (ADFs) towards integrating RM into ADP as an approach for delivering sustainable construction projects. Third, to develop a framework that integrates RM into ADP towards delivering sustainable construction projects. Finally, to draw conclusions and recommendations to improve the practice of delivering sustainable construction projects among ADFs, construction professionals and governmental authorities.

Findings
ADP is a fundamental phase of the construction process because the decisions adopted during this phase affect the project performance throughout its life cycle. While RM is widely applied in different sectors of the construction industry, its application in ADP received scant attention in construction literature. The research identified 18 key risks that affect the sustainable delivery of construction projects during ADP. The architect, the client and the project manager are the highest ranked responsible parties for the occurrence of these key risks. The field study highlighted the need to develop a framework to facilitate integrating RM into ADP.

Research limitations/implications
This paper focused only on the integration of RM into ADP.

Originality/value
The conducted literature review and field study provided an in-depth understanding of the key risks that affect the sustainable delivery of construction projects during ADP. Through its five stages, the proposed framework is expected to serve as a foundation for integrating RM into ADP as an approach for delivering sustainable projects. This ideology has received scant attention in construction literature. The developed framework represents a synthesis that is novel and creative in thought and adds value to the knowledge in a manner that has not previously occurred.
Users’ perceptions of e-learning environments and services effectiveness
Authors: Haq Anwar ul , Magoulas George , Jamal Arshad , Majeed Asim , Sloan Diane 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
E-learning environments and services (ELES) adoption and success rates challenge ELES designers, practitioners and organisations. Enterprise decision makers continue to seek effective instruments in launching such systems. The purpose of this paper is to understand users’ perceptions of ELES effectiveness and develop a theoretical framework which improves understanding of success factors for adoption.

Design/methodology/approach
Grounded theory method is used to reflect on the relationships between changing users’ requirements and expectations, technological advances and ELES effectiveness models. A longitudinal study collecting data from social media blogs over four years was authenticated based on the context evaluation, language structure and conversational constructs.

Findings
Identification of a new core dimension named “Concept Functionality” which can be used to understand the relationships between e-learning effectiveness factors including the relationships with other domains such as security. The findings are also used to validate major existing models for the success of ELES.

Practical implications
The new framework potentially improves system design process in the fields of education technology, enterprise systems, etc.

Originality/value
Concept functionality dimension can offer more insights to understand ELES effectiveness and further improve system design process in a variety of domains including enterprise systems, process modelling and education technology.