bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum pepsinogen 1 and anti‐Helicobacter pylori IgG antibodies as predictors of gastric cancer risk in Finnish males
Authors: Song M. , Camargo M. C. , Weinstein S. J. , Murphy G. , Freedman N. D. , Koshiol J. , Stolzenberg‐Solomon R. Z. , Abnet C. C. , Männistö S. , Albanes D. , Rabkin C. S. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryBackgroundSerum pepsinogen 1 (SPG1) and anti‐Helicobacter pylori serology have been used for gastric risk stratification in Asia.AimTo assess utility of these markers in a Western population.MethodsSPG1 measurements were available for 21 895 Finnish male smokers in the Alpha‐Tocopherol, Beta‐Carotene Cancer Prevention Study. We used Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for potential confounders to estimate gastric cancer hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for low SPG1 (<25 μg/L). In a subset (n = 3555) with anti‐H. pylori serology, these markers jointly defined the following: Group A (H. pylori[−], SPG1[normal]; reference group), Group B (H. pylori[+], SPG1[normal]), Group C (H. pylori[+], SPG1[low]) and Group D (H. pylori[−], SPG1[low]). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CI were calculated using multivariate logistic regression.ResultsThere were 329 gastric cancers diagnosed an average of 13.9 years after baseline. Pre‐diagnostic low SPG1 was significantly associated with increased gastric cancer risk (HR 2.68, 95% CI 1.99‐3.61). Among subjects with both SPG1 and H. pylori serology, groups B, C and D had increased gastric cancer ORs (95% CI) of 1.79 (1.21‐2.64), 3.85 (2.36‐6.28) and 6.35 (2.20‐18.34), respectively. CagA seropositives had significantly higher ORs than CagA seronegatives within group B (Pheterogeneity = 0.01). For groups B and C, repeat SPG1 level at 3 years did not further stratify gastric cancer risk.ConclusionsLow SPG1 was associated with increased gastric cancer risk in our large Finnish cohort. A single measurement of SPG1 along with H. pylori whole cell and CagA serology provides potentially useful prediction of gastric cancer risk.
Effect of fructo‐oligosaccharides on nutrient digestibility and digesta retention time in adult guinea pigs
Authors: Kawasaki Kiyonori , Min Xiao , Sakaguchi Ei 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA previous study suggested that addition of fructo‐oligosaccharides (FOS) to the diet improved nitrogen (N) utilization and decreased acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestibility in guinea pigs. The present study was conducted to clarify the relationship between ADF digestibility and gastrointestinal mean retention time (MRT) in guinea pigs under FOS supplementation. Adult male guinea pigs were fed a commercial diet (50 g/day) with either 5% glucose (glucose group) or 5% FOS (FOS group) for 12 days in individual metabolism cages. Unlike the glucose group, N utilization improved, but ADF digestibility significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in the FOS group. MRT of solid digesta also significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in the FOS group compared with that in the glucose group. We concluded that reduction of MRT of solid digesta containing FOS decreased ADF digestibility in guinea pigs.
Ovarian cancer risk, ALDH2 polymorphism and alcohol drinking: Asian data from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium
Authors: Ugai Tomotaka , Kelemen Linda E. , Mizuno Mika , Ong Jue‐Sheng , Webb Penelope M. , Chenevix‐Trench Georgia ,   on behalf of the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Wicklund Kristine G. , Doherty Jennifer Anne , Rossing Mary Anne , Thompson Pamela J. , Wilkens Lynne R. , Carney Michael E. , Goodman Marc T. , Schildkraut Joellen M. , Berchuck Andrew , Cramer Daniel W. , Terry Kathryn L. , Cai Hui , Shu Xiao‐Ou , Gao Yu‐Tang , Xiang Yong‐Bing , Van Den Berg David , Pike Malcom C , Wu Anna H. , Pearce Celeste Leigh , Matsuo Keitaro ,   on behalf of the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium
Published: December 2017

The aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) polymorphism rs671 (Glu504Lys) causes ALDH2 inactivation and adverse acetaldehyde exposure among Asians, but little is known of the association between alcohol consumption and rs671 and ovarian cancer (OvCa) in Asians. We conducted a pooled analysis of Asian ancestry participants in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium. We included seven case‐control studies and one cohort study comprising 460 invasive OvCa cases, 37 borderline mucinous OvCa and 1274 controls of Asian descent with information on recent alcohol consumption. Pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for OvCa risk associated with alcohol consumption, rs671 and their interaction were estimated using logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. No significant association was observed for daily alcohol intake with invasive OvCa (OR comparing any consumption to none = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.58‐1.18) or with individual histotypes. A significant decreased risk was seen for carriers of one or both Lys alleles of rs671 for invasive mucinous OvCa (OR = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.20‐0.97) and for invasive and borderline mucinous tumors combined (OR = 0.48; 95% CI = 0.26‐0.89). No significant interaction was observed between alcohol consumption and rs671 genotypes. In conclusion, self‐reported alcohol consumption at the quantities estimated was not associated with OvCa risk among Asians. Because the rs671 Lys allele causes ALDH2 inactivation leading to increased acetaldehyde exposure, the observed inverse genetic association with mucinous ovarian cancer is inferred to mean that alcohol intake may be a risk factor for this histotype. This association will require replication in a larger sample.
Clinical and radiographic peri‐implant parameters and proinflammatory cytokine levels among cigarette smokers, smokeless tobacco users, and nontobacco users
Authors: Akram Zohaib , Vohra Fahim , Bukhari Ishfaq A. , Sheikh Saeed A. , Javed Fawad 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundIt is postulated that clinical and radiographic peri‐implant parameters are worse and levels of interleukin (IL)‐1β and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐9 in the peri‐implant sulcular fluid (PISF) are higher in cigarette‐smokers (CS) and smokeless‐tobacco users (STU) compared with nontobacco user (NTU).PurposeThe present study aimed to compare clinical and radiographic peri‐implant inflammatory parameters and levels of IL‐1β and MMP‐9 levels among CS, STU, and NTU.Materials and MethodsForty‐five CS (Group‐1), 42 STU (Group‐2), and 44 NTU (Group‐3) were included. Demographic data was collected using a structured baseline questionnaire. Peri‐implant plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and probing depth (PD) were recorded and crestal bone loss (CBL) were assessed using standardized digital radiographs. PISF volume and levels of IL‐1β and MMP‐9 in PISF were quantified using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical peri‐implant parameters and PISF IL‐1β and MMP‐9 concentrations were analyzed with Kruskal‐Wallis test. Bonferroni post hoc adjustment test was used for multiple comparisons. P‐value was set at .05.ResultsPeri‐implant PI and PD were significantly worse in group‐1 and group‐2 patients as compared to group‐3 individuals (P < .05). Peri‐implant CBL was also significantly higher in group‐1 and group‐2 compared with group‐3 (P < .05). Peri‐implant BOP was significantly higher in group‐2 and group‐3 as compared to group‐1 individuals (P < .05). The PISF volume (P < .05) collected and levels of IL‐1β and MMP‐9 were statistically significantly elevated among individuals in group‐1 and group‐2 compared with group‐3 (P < .01). There was no significant difference in PI, PD, CBL, and PISF levels of IL‐1β and MMP‐9 among participants in groups 1 and 2.ConclusionClinical and radiographic peri‐implant parameters were compromised among CS and STU as compared to NTU. Increased expression of local proinflammatory cytokines may explain greater susceptibility of CS and STU to peri‐implant breakdown.
The Tyneside Pegboard Test: development, validation, and observations in unilateral cerebral palsy
Authors: Basu Anna P , Kirkpatrick Emma V , Wright Blythe , Pearse Janice E , Best Kate E , Eyre Janet A 
Published: December 2017

AimThe aims of this study were twofold: first, to develop and validate a timed test of unimanual and bimanual dexterity suitable for those with disability affecting hand function; second, to explore relationships between unimanual and bimanual completion times.MethodWe developed the Tyneside Pegboard Test (TPT), an electronically timed test with three peg sizes, incorporating an asymmetrical bimanual task. Nine hundred and seventy‐four participants (455 males, 519 females; age range 4–80y) provided normative data. Test–retest reliability and construct validity were assessed (50 adults: 14 males, 36 females; 15–73y) on two occasions 2 weeks apart. Bimanual and unimanual completion times were measured in 87 children (51 males, 36 females) with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP) and 498 individuals in a comparison group (238 males, 260 females; 5–15y).ResultsThe comparison group showed an asymmetrical U‐shaped relationship between completion times and age. Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.74 to 0.91, indicating moderate test–retest reliability. There was a negative relationship between average TPT bimanual times and Purdue pegboard bimanual scores (Spearman's rho −0.611, degrees of freedom 44, p<0.001). Children with unilateral CP had greater prolongation of bimanual than unimanual completion times compared with the comparison group (mean difference 20.31s, 95% confidence interval 18.13–22.49, p<0.001).InterpretationThe TPT is accessible for those with impaired hand function. Children with unilateral CP demonstrated disproportionate bimanual deficits, even allowing for unimanual dexterity: this has implications for therapy.What this paper adds

We developed an adapted, electronically timed 9‐hole pegboard test.

Our modifications facilitate use by those with disability affecting hand function.

The test incorporates an asymmetrical bimanual task.

Children with unilateral cerebral palsy showed disproportionate bimanual dexterity deficits even allowing for unimanual dexterity.
Venous leg ulcer management in clinical practice in the UK: costs and outcomes
Authors: Guest Julian F , Fuller Graham W , Vowden Peter 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to estimate the patterns of care and annual levels of health care resource use attributable to managing venous leg ulcers (VLUs) in clinical practice by the UK's National Health Service (NHS) and the associated costs of patient management. This was a retrospective cohort analysis of the records of 505 patients in The Health Improvement Network (THIN) Database. Patients' characteristics, wound‐related health outcomes and health care resource use were quantified, and the total NHS cost of patient management was estimated at 2015/2016 prices. Overall, 53% of all VLUs healed within 12 months, and the mean time to healing was 3·0 months. 13% of patients were never prescribed any recognised compression system, and 78% of their wounds healed. Of the 87% who were prescribed a recognised compression system, 52% of wounds healed. Patients were predominantly managed in the community by nurses with minimal clinical involvement of specialist clinicians. Up to 30% of all the VLUs may have been clinically infected at the time of presentation, and only 22% of patients had an ankle brachial pressure index documented in their records. The mean NHS cost of wound care over 12 months was an estimated £7600 per VLU. However, the cost of managing an unhealed VLU was 4·5 times more than that of managing a healed VLU (£3000 per healed VLU and £13 500 per unhealed VLU). This study provides important insights into a number of aspects of VLU management in clinical practice that have been difficult to ascertain from other studies and provides the best estimate available of NHS resource use and costs with which to inform policy and budgetary decisions.
Molecular and dissociative adsorption of a single water molecule on a β‐dicalcium silicate (100) surface explored by a DFT approach
Authors: Zhang Yue , Lu Xinying , He Zhen , Song Dongsheng 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe adsorption of water on a C2S surface initiates belite to hydrate. In the present work, the adsorption behavior of single water molecule on a β‐C2S (100) surface is explored using density functional theory (DFT) due to the lack of alternative approaches for direct observation. Four possible calcium atom sites on the β‐C2S (100) surface slab are considered in our calculations. The results show that water can adsorb on the 2 five‐coordinated calcium sites only via molecular adsorption with adsorption energies of 0.59 and 0.85 eV, respectively, but can dissociate on the other 2 six‐coordinated calcium sites with higher adsorption energies of 0.96 and 0.99 eV, respectively. The energy barriers to the dissociative adsorption of water at the Ca(III) site(0.10 eV) is much lower than that at the Ca(IV) site, indicating that water prefers to adsorb and dissociate on Ca(III) sites. The dissociative adsorption of water causes more obvious surface calcium shifts and Si–O bond length increases than molecular adsorption. The dissociative adsorption of a water molecule changes the electron distribution, and the overlap between Ca 2p and O 2s orbitals leads to new Ca–O bond formations.
Effect of the densification of C–S–H on hydration kinetics of tricalcium silicate
Authors: Joseph Shiju , Bishnoi Shashank , Van Balen Koen , Cizer Özlem 
Published: December 2017

AbstractEffect of water to cement (w/c) ratio and temperature profiles on the densification of C–S–H (calcium silicate hydrate gel) and hydration kinetics of triclinic tricalcium silicate (C3S) is studied beyond the first day of hydration. Calorimetry and quantitative X‐ray diffraction/Rietveld analysis show that degree of hydration is unaffected by w/c up to 7 days and marginally thereafter. Coupling the degree of hydration with the portlandite content measured from thermal analysis indicate that C/S ratio of C–S–H decreases with increasing w/c. There is a clear increase in the portlandite content with increasing w/c, even though the degree of hydration is unchanged, due to the variations in C/S ratio of C–S–H. On the other hand, when C3S is initially cured at a lower temperature (20°C) and then at a higher temperature (40°C), there is a significant increase in the reactivity even until 28 days and vice versa. These experimental results were explained using the densified volumetric growth hypothesis, which assumes that hydration kinetics are dependent on the internal surface area of C–S–H.
A cross‐country study on the relationship between financial development and earnings management
Authors: Enomoto Masahiro , Kimura Fumihiko , Yamaguchi Tomoyasu 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This study investigates whether a country's level of financial development is associated with earnings management in an international setting. Financial development is likely to heighten the monitoring and scrutiny of accounting numbers because of strengthened investor protection laws and regulations as well as sophisticated market participants. Therefore, we first hypothesize that both accrual‐based and real earnings management decrease with greater financial development. However, research shows that managers tend to apply real earnings management, instead of accrual‐based earnings management, under strict accounting standards, regulations, and close auditor scrutiny. Thus, we explore the alternative hypothesis that accrual‐based earnings management decreases but real earnings management increases along with higher financial development. We examine the relationship between financial development and both types of earnings management using 56,830 observations in 37 countries covering the period 2009–2012. The results indicate that both types of earnings management are more restrained under higher levels of financial development.
Intensive care survivor‐reported symptoms: a longitudinal study of survivors' symptoms
Authors: Langerud Anne Kathrine , Rustøen Tone , Småstuen Milada Cvancarova , Kongsgaard Ulf , Stubhaug Audun 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere is growing interest in potential long‐term outcomes following intensive care, but few researchers have studied the prevalence of multiple symptoms or the association between pain and other symptoms.AimsTo investigate the prevalence of anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance and post‐traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) among intensive care survivors 3 months and 1 year after being discharged from an intensive care unit (ICU) and to determine whether pain is associated with higher prevalence of these symptoms 3 months and 1 year after ICU stay.Study designExploratory, longitudinal cohort of intensive care survivors from two mixed ICUs in a tertiary referral hospital in Norway.MethodsIntensive care survivors completed surveys at 3 months (n = 118) and 1 year (n = 89) after ICU discharge. Clinical Trials: NCT02279212.ResultsPrevalence rates of intensive care survivors' symptoms were pain 58 (49·2%), anxiety/depression 24/118 (20·8%), fatigue 18/118(15·3%), PTSS 15 (12·8%) and sleep disturbance 58/118 (49·2%) at 3 months after ICU discharge (n = 118). Prevalence rates at 1 year (n = 89) changed only slightly to pain 34 (38·2%), anxiety/depression 17 (20·0%), fatigue 12 (13·8%), PTSS 13 (15·1%) and sleep disturbance 40/89 (46·5%). Associations were strong between pain and presence of sleep disturbance, anxiety/depression, PTSS and fatigue.ConclusionsIntensive care survivors have multiple symptoms and the prevalence rates of these symptoms remained almost unchanged from 3 months to 1 year after ICU discharge. The presence of pain was associated with high odds for the presence of sleep disturbance, anxiety/depression, PTSS and fatigue, compared to a no‐pain group. ICU survivors may benefit from targeted interventions designed to alleviate the symptom burden.Relevance to clinical practiceKnowledge about ICU survivor's prevalence and risk for having multiple symptoms may help health care professionals to give better care, if needed, to the ICU survivors.
Normal reference intervals and the effects of sample handling on dynamic viscoelastic coagulometry (Sonoclot) in healthy adult horses
Authors: Jamieson Camilla A. , Hanzlicek Andrew S. , Payton Mark E. , Holbrook Todd C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo determine reference intervals and the effect of sample agitation and rest time on Sonoclot analysis in healthy adult horses.DesignOriginal prospective study.SettingUniversity veterinary medical teaching hospital.AnimalsSixty healthy adult horses.InterventionsBlood was collected for assessment of complete blood count, serum biochemical analysis, and Sonoclot analysis.Measurements and Main ResultsHorses were determined to be healthy based upon physical examination, CBC, and serum biochemistry analysis. Blood was analyzed in a glass bead‐containing cuvette using the Sienco Sonoclot analyzer following 2 rest periods (30 mins and 240 min) and with 2 sample handling interventions (agitated and nonagitated), to obtain values for clot rate, time‐to‐peak, activated clotting time, and platelet function. This study failed to detect a significant difference when a rest time of 30 minutes was compared with 240 minutes, but based on wide limits of agreement the 2 rest times were not considered interchangeable. Agitation at both rest times significantly affected all Sonoclot analyses leading to changes indicative of hypercoagulability.ConclusionsSample agitation and rest time should be taken into consideration when developing preanalytical guidelines for Sonoclot analysis in horses. Calculated reference intervals were relatively wide. Further research is needed to evaluate the clinical utility of Sonoclot analysis in horses.
Effect of patient rotation on ovary observation during laparoscopic ovariectomy in dogs
Authors: Liehmann Lea M. , Seny Tanja , Dupré Gilles 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the optimal recumbency for laparoscopic ovariectomy (LapOVE) in dogs.Study DesignProspective clinical trial.AnimalsSixteen healthy client‐owned female dogs undergoing routine single‐port LapOVE.MethodsAnesthetized dogs were placed in dorsal recumbency on a tilting operation table. The operating laparoscope was introduced and, after inspection of abdominal organs, directed toward the randomly assigned ovary. Fifteen‐second video recordings were taken at each table rotation of 0°, 22.5°, and 45°. LapOVE was performed using the single‐port technique. The procedure was repeated on the contralateral side. Blinded observers (3 inexperienced [IO], 3 experienced [EO], 1 expert [EE]) evaluated the recordings postoperatively for visibility of ovary/ovarian bursa, ovario‐uterine transition, and other organs.ResultsIn the 0° position, ovarian structures were rarely visualized (IO, 13/96 [13.5%]; EO, 7/96 [7.3%]; EE, 5/32 [15.6%]). In the 22.5° position, visualization improved significantly for EO (26/96 [27.1%], P < .001). There was a marked improvement in visualization for all groups when the positioning angle was altered to 45° (IO, 62/96 [64.6%]; EO, 67/96 [69.8%]; EE, 25/32 [78.1%]). The differences between 0° and 45° and between 22.5° and 45° were significant for all groups of observers (all P < .001). There was an advantage for ovary visualization when procedures were started with left ovariectomy.ConclusionThe 45° table rotation provided the best ovary visualization, regardless of body side or observer experience. There is evidence that procedures should be started with the left ovary when body side declination is used for organ retraction from the ovaries.
First‐Line Antiarrhythmic Transplacental Treatment for Fetal Tachyarrhythmia: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Alsaied Tarek , Baskar Shankar , Fares Munes , Alahdab Fares , Czosek Richard J , Murad Mohammad Hassan , Prokop Larry J , Divanovic Allison A 
Published: December 2017

Background
There is no consensus on the most effective and best tolerated first‐line antiarrhythmic treatment for fetal tachyarrhythmia. The purpose of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to compare the efficacy, safety, and fetal–maternal tolerance of first‐line monotherapies for fetal supraventricular tachycardia and atrial flutter.

Methods and Results

A comprehensive search of several databases was conducted through January 2017. Only studies that made a direct comparison between first‐line treatments of fetal tachyarrhythmia were included. Outcomes of interest were termination of fetal tachyarrhythmia, fetal demise, and maternal complications. Ten studies met inclusion criteria, with 537 patients. Overall, 291 patients were treated with digoxin, 137 with flecainide, 102 with sotalol, and 7 with amiodarone. Digoxin achieved a lower rate of supraventricular tachycardia termination compared with flecainide (odds ratio [
OR
]: 0.773; 95% confidence interval [
CI
], 0.605–0.987; I
2
=34%). In fetuses with hydrops fetalis, digoxin had lower rates of tachycardia termination compared with flecainide (
OR
: 0.412; 95%
CI
, 0.268–0.632; I
2
=0%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of maternal side effects between digoxin and flecainide groups (
OR
: 1.134; 95%
CI
, 0.129–9.935; I
2
=80.79%). The incidence of maternal side effects was higher in patients treated with digoxin compared with sotalol (
OR
: 3.148; 95%
CI
, 1.468–6.751; I
2
=0%). There was no difference in fetal demise between flecainide and digoxin (
OR
: 0.767; 95%
CI
, 0.140–4.197; I
2
=44%).

Conclusions
Flecainide may be more effective treatment than digoxin as a first‐line treatment for fetal supraventricular tachycardia.