bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MUC16 Regulates TSPYL5 for Lung Cancer Cell Growth and Chemoresistance by Suppressing p53
Authors: Lakshmanan Imayavaramban , Salfity Shereen , Seshacharyulu Parthasarathy , Rachagani Satyanarayana , Thomas Abigail , Das Srustidhar , Majhi Prabin D. , Nimmakayala Rama Krishna , Vengoji Raghupathy , Lele Subodh M. , Ponnusamy Moorthy P. , Batra Surinder K. , Ganti Apar Kishor 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Purpose: MUC16, a tumor biomarker and cell surface–associated mucin, is overexpressed in various cancers; however, its role in lung cancer pathogenesis is unknown. Here, we have explored the mechanistic role of MUC16 in lung cancer.
Experimental Design: To identify the functional role of MUC16, stable knockdown was carried in lung cancer cells with two different shRNAs. Clinical significance of MUC16 was evaluated in lung cancer patient tissues using IHC. We have generated genetically engineered mouse model (KrasG12D; AdCre) to evaluate the preclinical significance of MUC16.
Results: MUC16 was overexpressed (P = 0.03) in lung cancer as compared with normal tissues. MUC16 knockdown (KD) in lung cancer cell lines decreased the in vitro growth rate (P &lt; 0.05), migration (P &lt; 0.001), and in vivo tumor growth (P = 0.007), whereas overexpression of MUC16-carboxyl terminal (MUC16-Cter) resulted in increased growth rate (P &lt; 0.001). Transcriptome analysis of MUC16 KD showed a downregulation (P = 0.005) of TSPYL5 gene, which encodes for a testis-specific Y-like protein. Rescue studies via overexpression of MUC16-Cter in MUC16 KD cells showed activation of signaling proteins, such as JAK2 (Y1007/1008), STAT3 (Y705), and glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which constitutes an important axis for the regulation of TSPYL5 for oncogenic process. Further, inhibition of STAT3 (Y705) led to decreased GR and TSPYL5, suggesting that MUC16 regulates TSPYL5 through the JAK2/STAT3/GR axis. Also, MUC16 overexpression induced cisplatin and gemcitabine resistance by downregulation of p53.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate a significant role of MUC16 in tumorigenesis and metastasis of lung cancer cells possibly via regulation of TSPYL5 through the JAK2/STAT3/GR axis. Clin Cancer Res; 23(14); 3906–17. ©2017 AACR.
A Global Dynamic Long-Term Inundation Extent Dataset at High Spatial Resolution Derived through Downscaling of Satellite Observations
Authors: Aires Filipe , Miolane Léo , Prigent Catherine , Pham Binh , Fluet-Chouinard Etienne , Lehner Bernhard , Papa Fabrice 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
A new procedure is introduced to downscale low-spatial-resolution inundation extents from Global Inundation Extent from Multi-Satellites (GIEMS) to a 3-arc-s (90 m) dataset (known as GIEMS-D3). The methodology is based on topography and hydrography information from the HydroSHEDS database. A new floodability index is introduced and an innovative smoothing procedure is developed to ensure a smooth transition, in the high-resolution maps, between the low-resolution boxes from GIEMS. Topography information is pertinent for natural hydrology environments controlled by elevation but is more limited in human-modified basins. However, the proposed downscaling approach is compatible with forthcoming fusion of other, more pertinent satellite information in these difficult regions. The resulting GIEMS-D3 database is the only high-spatial-resolution inundation database available globally at a monthly time scale over the 1993–2007 period. GIEMS-D3 is assessed by analyzing its spatial and temporal variability and evaluated by comparisons to other independent satellite observations from visible (Google Earth and Landsat), infrared (MODIS), and active microwave (synthetic aperture radar).
On the Accuracy of Overturn-Based Estimates of Turbulent Dissipation at Rough Topography
Authors: Jalali Masoud , Chalamalla Vamsi K. , Sarkar Sutanu 
Published: February 2017

AbstractEvidence in support of overturn-based methods, often used to infer turbulent dissipation rate from density profiles, is typically from regions with weaker turbulence than that at rough-topography hotspots. The present work uses direct numerical simulations (DNS) of an idealized problem of sloping topography as well as high-resolution large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent flow at more realistic topography in order to investigate the accuracy of overturn-based methods in sites with internal wave breaking. Two methods are assessed: Thorpe sorting, where the overturn length LT is based on local distortion of measured density from the background, and inversion sorting, where the inversion length scale LI measures the statically unstable local region. The overturn boundaries are different between the two methods. Thorpe sorting leads to an order of magnitude overestimate of the turbulent dissipation in the DNS during large convective overturn events when inversion sorting is more accurate. The LES of steep, realistic topography leads to a similar conclusion of a substantial overestimate of dissipation by Thorpe sorting. Energy arguments explain the better performance of inversion sorting in convectively driven turbulence and the better performance of Thorpe sorting in shear-driven turbulence.
Neurocognitive Function Is Associated With Serum Iron Status in Early Adolescents
Authors: Ji Xiaopeng , Cui Naixue , Liu Jianghong 
Published: February 2017

Objective: The association between iron and neurocognition remains underexplored in adolescents, and the neurocognitive effects of low and high iron levels have yet to be established. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships of low and high iron levels with neurocognitive domains in early adolescents. Method: The sample comprised 428 adolescents (12.0 ± 0.4 years) from Jintan, China. Serum iron concentrations were analyzed from venous blood samples and classified into low, normal, and high levels according to the clinical reference range 75–175 μg/dl. Neurocognition was measured by the Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery and Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Generalized linear regression was used to analyze relationships. Results: Prevalence rates of iron deficiency, normal iron, and high iron were 13.8%, 76.4%, and 9.8%, respectively. Compared with normal levels, iron deficiency was associated with slower performance in tasks that measured abstraction and mental flexibility (β = 107.5, p = .03) and spatial processing ability (β = 917.2, p = .04). High serum iron was associated with less accuracy in the spatial processing ability task (β = −2.2, p = .03) and a longer reaction time in the task assessing abstraction and mental flexibility (β = 702.8, p = .046) compared to normal levels. Conclusion: Both iron deficiency and high iron levels contribute to reduced neurocognitive performance in a domain-specific manner in early adolescents. The dual burden of iron under- and overnutrition should be incorporated into future interventions for improving brain development and cognitive function in adolescents, especially in a Chinese context.
Waiora and Cultural Identity: Water quality assessment using the Mauri Model
Authors: Morgan Te Kipa Kepa Brian 
Published: February 2017

The New Zealand Government's Freshwater for a sustainable future (2004a) discussion paper raises the need for an effective process for the inclusion of Māori input on water management issues. Few processes have been developed specifically for Aotearoa/New Zealand. In Aotearoa/New Zealand, for Māori communities, a more appropriate level of resource management decision making is at the hapū (sub-tribe) level and it is here that input from Māori communities affected by proposals under the Resource Management Act must be considered. Hapū have direct relationships to puna (springs), other water bodies and a geographic region that are reinforced in their pepeha (tribal sayings) and whakataukī (proverbs). Water bodies, such as streams, rivers, lakes and wetlands are key elements in the identity, whakapapa (genealogy) and mana (prestige) of the hapū. Water and all living things have their own mauri (life force or principle), which is important for a hapū to protect from degradation and damage. Therefore consultation and other forms of Māori involvement should incorporate representation of relevant hapū. Such a step would be consistent with the Treaty of Waitangi. Mauri is the central concept that the Mauri Model uses to interpret hapū values in the context of contemporary development. The Mauri Model has a strong foundation in the traditional values of tangata whenua (people of the land) and also parallels the current policy direction being taken by central government in New Zealand. This enables a direct comparison between the results of conventional engineering analysis and results based on analysis of impacts on mauri within the Mauri Model.
The Forked Centre: Duality & Privacy in Polynesian Spaces & Architecture
Authors: Refiti Albert L 
Published: February 2017

This paper will focus on a spatial duality paradigm that exists at the heart of Polynesian spaces where the notion of private and public is opposite to the Western concept of space. The centre as a limit in Polynesian thinking is the point of extreme transparency where the private individual becomes obliterated. It is the domain of what is termed in Samoa the vā resides. So what is central to any sense of space in Polynesia is the vā or the in-between space, a relational opening up inhabited by deities/community/land/family. According to Alfred Gell, this relational space in tattooing exists in the folding and doubling of skin on the tattooed body collapsing the distinctions between an inside and an outside marking an ambivalent limit. The paper explores this ambivalent limit in the maga or forked configuration of the main central post of the Samoan Faletele or Guesthouse. The maga doubles and complicates a simplistic reading of the centre as the domain of privacy and stability. This motif in Samoan architecture reinforces on one hand the centre as a limit that is marked in space—a location where focus is amplified; on the other hand, it marks a region of the unlimited, a foci charged with ambiguity and duality—a place inhabited by the vā or sacred in-between space that allows entities/time/space to collapse together in an interconnectedness. The centre in Polynesia architecture becomes only an act that assist in the opening up of/to the vā space.
Ko E Hā Ha'Atau Poa Ki he Mole ‘Etau Lea Faka-Tongá?
Authors: Manu'atu Linitā , Fale Luhama ‘Ofeina ‘E He Langi , Finau Mele Pisila , Kaufusi 'Alekisanita , Malupo Talita Kiumi , Manu 'Anaseini , Pau'Uvale Lorraine Dorothy , Pau'Uvale Meleane , Pale Maryanne Feifai , Prescott James , Tautakitaki Mele ‘Ileini , Tautakitaki Pasinamu , Teisina Jeanne , Tu'Itahi Sione 
Published: February 2017

The aim of this commentary is to address, in the Tongan language, the challenges of language and cultural loss by Tongan people in Aotearoa/New Zealand, and what Tongan people are doing about the imposition. The comments, ideas and perspectives advanced here are based on the assumption that Tongan language and culture are knowledge-and wisdom-different from the philosophies of the West. The discussion focuses on talanoa, a Tongan social construct conceptualized and applied as an approach to good living and the creation of cultural relationships in social, spiritual and political contexts. The second half of the commentary discusses talanoa as a Tongan pedagogical approach in the education of Tongan adults and children at all stages of the education system. Talanoa is a deep and meaningful approach, and by using it (Tongan) teachers, educators and researchers can promote and encourage critical and advanced thinking, leading to higher learning and deeper understanding. In academia, talanoa is becoming a Tongan research method. The commentary concludes by calling on Tongan people to further our talanoa in Tongan language and culture as a way to deepen our thinking and develop our critical perspectives of the relationship between the body, soul (heart) and mind, these being the “sites” of Tongan knowledge and wisdom.
Māori Health Promotion
Authors: Boulton Amohia , Gifford Heather , Kauika Anne , Parata Kiri 
Published: February 2017

Aim: This article presents results from an evaluation of a Māori obesity prevention initiative, Te Kahui Whai Ora—Healthy Lifestyles & Tamariki Programme, and questions whether the use of children as agents of change in health-promotion activity is best practice for Māori health promotion. Methods: Health promotion programme evaluation collected information on the activities, characteristics, context and impact of the programme. We report on data from document reviews and from interviews with 24 programme participants. Results: Improved self-esteem in children, enhanced cultural identity, emerging youth leadership qualities, strengthening of family relationships, and positive changes to lifestyle behaviours. Conclusions: Children can be very powerful agents of change in public health interventions; however, Māori health-promotion best practice demands that we be mindful of our responsibility to protect children and encourage healthy lifestyles in a way that empowers every member of the whānau (family). Collective effort, in conjunction with timely and appropriate stakeholder support, is necessary to reduce the burden of obesity on our population.
Commentary: The Dynamics between Indigenous Rights and Environmental Governance: A Preliminary Analysis and Focus on the Impact of Climate Change Governance through the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) Programme
Authors: Ayari Inès 
Published: February 2017

This piece discusses the complex relationship between international environmental governance, sometimes referred to as “earth system governance”, and indigenous rights. These two sets of governing institutions are theoretically envisioned as complementary, as both incorporate the important notion of environmental and natural resource protection. Emphasis has been progressively put on the natural symbiosis and correlation between the overall goals of sustainable development and indigenous self-determination and identity preservation. The specific connections forest dwellers and other indigenous populations have with their lands, the knowledge stemming from this connection and the significant role this plays in resource protection have been increasingly acknowledged. This commentary focuses on the interplay of indigenous rights and climate change governance embodied in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its corollary, the initiative on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) in developing countries, later extended to Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation “plus” conservation, the sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks (REDD+). Discussion then turns to the potential opportunities and harm REDD+ mechanisms represent for indigenous communities and their rights.
Outcomes of the six-strand M-Tang repair for zone 2 primary flexor tendon repair in 54 fingers
Authors: Zhou X. , Li X.R. , Qing J. , Jia X.F. , Chen J. 
Published: February 2017

We repaired complete divisions of flexor tendons in zone 2 in 54 fingers using a six-strand core M-Tang repair method. Partial active digital motion started with early passive digital motion carried out first in the first 3–4 weeks after surgery and full range of active motion in later weeks. The patients were followed for 4–27 months. According to Strickland criteria or Tang criteria, 24 (83%) had excellent or good, four fair and one poor results in 28 fingers with follow-up of more than one year. In the other 25 fingers which were followed for less than 12 months, 19 (76%) had excellent and good, four fair and two poor results. There were no repair ruptures. We analysed outcomes against ages, gender, pulley integrity, accompanied injuries and follow-up times. The patients younger than 37 years old, male patients and with their A2 pulley(s) vented there were significantly better outcomes. The patients with longer than one year follow-up had significantly smaller extension deficits than those with less than one year follow-up. Level of evidence: IV
Indicator washcloth for detecting alkaline washing solutions to prevent dermatitis patients and babies from skin irritation
Authors: Schaude Cindy , Mohr Gerhard J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA washcloth with a colour indicator appears green when immersed into skin friendly washing agents with a pH of around 6, and red when immersed into irritant washing solutions with a pH above 9. This traffic light colour change of the washcloth helps parents and elderly people avoid allergic reactions caused by alkaline personal care products. The washcloth operates fully reversibly and thus can be used multiple times, and it can be washed without leaching because the dye chemistry is covalently immobilised to the fabric. Testing according to OekoTex 100 product class 1 approves contact with babies, certifying the high stability of immobilisation. The washcloth can be used for proper choice of skin care products and for general dermatology applications.
Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced osteoclast formation and bone resorption in vitro and in vivo by cysteine proteinase inhibitors
Authors: Strålberg Fredrik , Kassem Ali , Kasprzykowski Franciszek , Abrahamson Magnus , Grubb Anders , Lindholm Catharina , Lerner Ulf H 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Inflammation-induced bone destruction is a major treatment target in many inflammatory skeletal diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate if the cysteine proteinase inhibitors cystatin C, fungal cysteine proteinase inhibitor (E-64), and N-benzyloxycarbonyl-arginyl-leucyl-valyl-glycyl-diazomethane acetate (Z-RLVG-CHN2) can inhibit LPS-induced osteoclast formation. Mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) were isolated and primed with receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) for 24 h, followed by stimulation with LPS, with and without inhibitors. Adult mice were injected locally with LPS and then treated with E-64 and osteoclast formation assessed by the number of cathepsin K+ multinucleated cells. Cystatin C inhibited LPS-induced osteoclast formation time and concentration dependently (IC50 = 0.3 μM). The effect was associated with decreased mRNA and protein expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and cathepsin K and of the osteoclastogenic transcription factors c-Fos and NFATc1. LPS-induced osteoclast formation on bone slices was also inhibited by cystatin C, resulting in decreased pit formation and release of bone matrix proteins. Similar data were obtained with E-64 and Z-RLVG-CHN2. Cystatin C was internalized in BMMs stimulated by LPS but not in unstimulated BMMs. Osteoclast formation induced by LPS was dependent on TNF-α, and the 3 inhibitors abolished LPS-induced TNF superfamily 2 (gene encoding TNF-α; Tnfsf2) mRNA expression without affecting Il1b, Il6, or oncostatin M (Osm) expression. Formation of osteoclasts in the skull bones after local LPS stimulation was inhibited by E-64. It is concluded that cysteine proteinase inhibitors effectively inhibit LPS-induced osteoclast formation in vivo and in vitro by inhibition of TNF-α expression. The targeting of cysteine proteinases might represent a novel treatment modality for prevention of inflammatory bone loss.
Velocity anisotropy of Upper Jurassic organic-rich shales, Norwegian Continental Shelf
Authors: Koochak Zadeh Mohammad , Haque Mondol Nazmul , Jahren Jens 
Published: February 2017

This study investigates the seismic velocity anisotropy of two organic-rich shales from the Norwegian Continental Shelf. The tested organic-rich shale samples were from the Upper Jurassic Draupne and Hekkingen formations collected from two wells (16/8-3S and 7125/1-1) drilled in the central North Sea and western Barents Sea, respectively. The two tested shales are different in organic matter richness and thermal maturation, and they have experienced different burial histories. The shale core plugs were tested in a triaxial cell under controlled pore pressure. Seismic velocities ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) were measured along different orientations with respect to layering to identify the complete tensor of the rock elastic moduli, and to investigate the velocity anisotropy as a function of increasing effective stress. The measured velocity values exhibit strong anisotropy for the two tested organic-rich shales. The anisotropy for both shales is strongest for [Formula: see text]. Seismic velocities follow an increasing trend as the effective stress increases. The anisotropy decreases somewhat with increasing consolidation, probably due to the closing of preexisting fractures and microcracks. The reduction of anisotropy is more evident for the P-wave because it decreases from 0.32 to 0.25 for the Draupne sample and from 0.28 to 0.24 for the Hekkingen sample when the vertical effective stress increases from 26 to 50 MPa. In general, the Hekkingen sample indicates slightly higher velocity values than the Draupne sample due to more compaction and lower porosity. In spite of major differences between the two shale formations in terms of organic matter content, maturity and burial history, they indicate almost the same degree of velocity anisotropy. The outcomes of this study can contribute to better imaging of organic-rich Draupne and Hekkingen shales by constraining the rock-physics properties.
Factors Associated With Early Discontinuation of Study Treatment in the Mammary Prevention.3 Breast Cancer Chemoprevention Trial
Authors: Meggetto Olivia , Maunsell Elizabeth , Chlebowski Rowan , Goss Paul , Tu Dongsheng , Richardson Harriet 
Published: February 2017

Purpose Aromatase inhibitors are established breast cancer chemoprevention interventions. However, nonadherence remains a significant challenge. We investigated the association between worsening menopause-specific quality of life, baseline participant characteristics, and early treatment discontinuation within the Mammary Prevention.3 (MAP.3) breast cancer prevention trial. Methods In the MAP.3 randomized, placebo-controlled trial evaluating exemestane, participants completed the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL) at entry and at 6 months. Multivariable log-binomial regression was used to assess the associations of baseline participant characteristics and clinically meaningful worsening in menopause-specific quality of life (QOL) with treatment discontinuation at 1 year. Results Of the 4,501 participants eligible for this analysis, 724 (17%) discontinued assigned treatment within the first year of random assignment of treatment (19% of the exemestane group and 13% of the placebo group). Between 19% and 35% of women experienced a clinically meaningful worsening in the vasomotor, sexual, physical, and psychosocial domains of the MENQOL within 6 months of treatment initiation. Regardless of receiving exemestane or not, experiencing a worsening in any MENQOL domain or, especially, overall menopause-specific QOL, was associated with early treatment discontinuation (relative risk, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.53 to 2.10 for overall worsening). Assignment to exemestane, having a smoking history, and current employment also were significantly associated with early discontinuation. Conclusion Negative changes in menopause-specific QOL influence a woman’s decision to stop chemoprevention therapy. Attention to such symptoms may improve QOL and potentially improve chemoprevention adherence.