bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sea Cucumber‐Inspired Polyurethane Demonstrating Record‐Breaking Mechanical Properties in Room‐Temperature Self‐Healing Ionogels
Authors: Xu Fuchang , Li Hongli , Li Yang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPractical applications of existing self‐healing ionogels are often hindered by the trade‐off between their mechanical robustness, ionic conductivity, and temperature requirements for their self‐healing ability. Herein, this challenge is addressed by drawing inspiration from sea cucumber. A polyurethane containing multiple hydrogen‐bond donors and acceptors is synthesized and used to fabricate room‐temperature self‐healing ionogels with excellent mechanical properties, high ionic conductivity, puncture resistance, and impact resistance. The hard segments of polyurethane, driven by multiple hydrogen bonds, coalesce into hard phase regions, which can efficiently dissipate energy through the reversible disruption and reformation of multiple hydrogen bonds. Consequently, the resulting ionogels exhibit record‐high tensile strength and toughness compared to other room‐temperature self‐healing ionogels. Furthermore, the inherent reversibility of multiple hydrogen bonds within the hard phase regions allows the ionogels to spontaneously and efficiently self‐heal damaged mechanical properties and ionic conductivity multiple times at room temperature. To underscore their application potential, these ionogels are employed as electrolytes in the fabrication of electrochromic devices, which exhibit excellent and stable electrochromic performance, repeatable healing ability, and satisfactory impact resistance. This study presents a novel strategy for the fabrication of ionogels with exceptional mechanical properties and room‐temperature self‐healing capability.
Mineral Interface Doping: Hydroxyapatite Deposited on Silicon to Trigger the Electronic Properties
Authors: Thissen Peter , Longo Roberto C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDoping silicon wafers without using highly toxic or corrosive chemical substances has become a critical issue for semiconductor device manufacturing. In this work, ultra‐thin films of hydroxyapatite (Ca5(PO4)3OH) are prepared by tethering by aggregation and growth (T‐BAG), and further processed by spike annealing. Via in situ infrared (IR), the decomposition of hydroxyapatite and intermixing with the native silicon oxide is observed already at temperatures as low as 200 °C. Phosphate transport through the native silicon oxide is driven by a phase transformation into a more stable thermal oxide. At 700 °C, diffusion of phosphorus into the sub‐surface region of oxide‐free silicon is observed. In situ IR combined with electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements allows to conclude that the phosphorus is: i) transported through the silicon oxide barrier, ii)) diffused inside the oxide‐free silicon, and iii) finally modified the electrical activity of the silicon wafer. To further explain the experimental findings, density‐functional theory (DFT) is used to demonstrate the extent of the effect of phosphorus doping on the electronic nature of silicon surfaces, showing that even small amounts of doping can have a measurable effect on the electrical performance of semiconductor wafers.
Machine‐Learning Analysis of Streptomyces coelicolor Transcriptomes Reveals a Transcription Regulatory Network Encompassing Biosynthetic Gene Clusters
Authors: Lee Yongjae , Choe Donghui , Palsson Bernhard O. , Cho Byung‐Kwan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractStreptomyces produces diverse secondary metabolites of biopharmaceutical importance, yet the rate of biosynthesis of these metabolites is often hampered by complex transcriptional regulation. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of transcriptional regulation in Streptomyces is key to fully harness its genetic potential. Here, independent component analysis (ICA) of 454 high‐quality gene expression profiles of the model species Streptomyces coelicolor is performed, of which 249 profiles are newly generated for S. coelicolor cultivated on 20 different carbon sources and 64 engineered strains with overexpressed sigma factors. ICA of the transcriptome dataset reveals 117 independently modulated groups of genes (iModulons), which account for 81.6% of the variance in the dataset. The genes in each iModulon are involved in specific cellular responses, which are often transcriptionally controlled by specific regulators. Also, iModulons accurately predict 25 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters encoded in the genome. This systemic analysis leads to reveal the functions of previously uncharacterized genes, putative regulons for 40 transcriptional regulators, including 30 sigma factors, and regulation of secondary metabolism via phosphate‐ and iron‐dependent mechanisms in S. coelicolor. ICA of large transcriptomic datasets thus enlightens a new and fundamental understanding of transcriptional regulation of secondary metabolite synthesis along with interconnected metabolic processes in Streptomyces.
Fracture Behavior of a 2D Imine‐Based Polymer
Authors: Zhang Bowen , Liu Xiaohui , Bodesheim David , Li Wei , Clausner André , Liu Jinxin , Jost Birgit , Dianat Arezoo , Dong Renhao , Feng Xinliang , Cuniberti Gianaurelio , Liao Zhongquan , Zschech Ehrenfried 
Published: September 2024

Abstract2D polymers have emerged as a highly promising category of nanomaterials, owing to their exceptional properties. However, the understanding of their fracture behavior and failure mechanisms remains still limited, posing challenges to their durability in practical applications. This work presents an in‐depth study of the fracture kinetics of a 2D polyimine film, utilizing in situ tensile testing within a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Employing meticulously optimized transferring and patterning techniques, an elastic strain of ≈6.5% is achieved, corresponding to an elastic modulus of (8.6 ± 2.5) GPa of polycrystalline 2D polyimine thin films. In step‐by‐step fractures, multiple cracking events uncover the initiation and development of side crack near the main crack tip which toughens the 2D film. Simultaneously captured strain evolution through digital image correlation (DIC) analysis and observation on the crack edge confirm the occurrence of transgranular fracture patterns apart from intergranular fracture. A preferred cleavage orientation in transgranular fracture is attributed to the difference in directional flexibility along distinct orientations, which is substantiated by density functional‐based tight binding (DFTB) calculations. These findings construct a comprehensive understanding of intrinsic mechanical properties and fracture behavior of an imine‐linked polymer and provide insights and implications for the rational design of 2D polymers.
Densely Imidazolium Functionalized Water Soluble Poly(Ionic Liquid) Binder for Enhanced Performance of Carbon Anode in Lithium/Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Patra Amarshi , Matsumi Noriyoshi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe binder's choice holds immense significance in the quest for robust electrochemical performances of lithium/sodium‐ion battery's (LIB/SIB) electrodes. Conventional PVDF binder is a passive polymer lacking the ability to transport Li+/Na+ and facilitate ion kinetics. This limitation poses constraints in achieving high specific capacity, fast charging, and long cycle life. Herein, a novel water‐soluble concentrated imidazolium functionalized poly(ionic liquid), poly(oxycarbonylmethylene 1‐allyl‐3‐methyimidazolium) (PMAI) is synthesized, and evaluated it as binder in LIB/SIB. PMAI‐based anodic‐half cell exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, achieving higher capacities (297 mAhg−1 at 1C for LIBs and 250 mAhg−1 at 60 mAg−1 for SIBs) and good cycle stability (80 % capacity retention after 750 cycles for LIBs; 96% capacity retention after 200 cycles for SIBs), compared to PVDF binder. In addition, PMAI/Gr delivers a higher discharge capacity of 85 mAhg−1 than PVDF/Gr with 47 mAhg−1 at 5C. PMAI‐containing electrodes show better rate capability at different current densities than PVDF binder in LIB/SIB. The enhanced ion diffusion coefficient, lower resistance and decreased activation energy of desolvation, are ascribed to densely polar ionic liquid groups along the polymer and formation of a functionalized SEI via binder reduction. The novel PMAI binder's design and full‐cell examination confirm its potential in secondary‐ion battery applications.
Synthesis and Evaluations of Cleavable Triazene‐Modified Nucleotide for DNA Sequencing
Authors: Wang Pingyang , Tang Bowei , Shen Yumei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA fluorescence‐labeled nucleotide with a cleavable triazene linker was designed and synthesized as a potential reversible terminator for DNA sequencing by synthesis (SBS). The key intermediate, a triazene‐modified nucleotide, was successfully synthesized through the triazenylation of an amino‐modified nucleotide, followed by fluorescence labeling to yield the desired product. The synthesized triazene‐modified nucleotide can effectively serve as a substrate for Klenow Fragment (exo−) DNA polymerase and be incorporated into DNA strands. Once the first modified nucleotide is incorporated, no further extension is possible, even with an unblocked 3′‐OH group. After the fluorescent label is completely removed under acidic conditions, the triazene reversible terminator can be incorporated into DNA strands again, thereby enabling the DNA sequencing cycles.
Kinetic Resolution of α‐Allyl‐α‐Cinnamyl Carboxylic Acids Bearing an All‐Carbon Quaternary Stereocenter via Bromolactonization Catalyzed by a Chiral Bifunctional Sulfide
Authors: Okuno Ken , Sumida Sao , Shirakawa Seiji 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCatalytic kinetic resolutions of racemic carboxylic acids are important methods for preparing chiral carboxylic acids in their optically active forms. While several effective methods for the catalytic kinetic resolution of chiral α‐tertiary carboxylic acids have been reported, the efficient kinetic resolution of α‐quaternary carboxylic acids remains a significant challenge. In this context, we aimed to develop methods for the kinetic resolution of α‐quaternary carboxylic acids. Our approach involves a BINOL‐derived chiral bifunctional sulfide‐catalyzed bromolactonization technique, which was developed by our research group. In this work, we report the kinetic resolution of α‐allyl‐α‐cinnamyl carboxylic acids bearing an α‐quaternary stereocenter via chemo‐ and stereoselective bromolactonizations. The use of a BINOL‐derived chiral bifunctional sulfide catalyst with a hydroxy group was key for the efficient kinetic resolution of racemic α‐allyl‐α‐cinnamyl carboxylic acids.
Cognitive resilience to Alzheimer's disease characterized by cell‐type abundance
Authors: O'Neill Nicholas , Stein Thor D. , Olayinka Oluwatosin A. , Empawi Jenny A. , Hu Junming , Tong Tong , Zhang Xiaoling , Farrer Lindsay A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe molecular basis of cognitive resilience (CR) among pathologically confirmed Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases is not well understood.METHODSAbundance of 13 cell types and neuronal subtypes in brain bulk RNA‐seq data from the anterior caudate, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) obtained from 434 AD cases, 318 cognitively resilient AD cases, and 188 controls in the Religious Orders Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project was estimated by deconvolution.RESULTSPVALB+ neuron abundance was negatively associated with cognitive status and tau pathology in the DLPFC and PCC (Padj < 0.001) and the most reduced neuronal subtype in AD cases compared to controls in DLPFC (Padj = 8.4 × 10−7) and PCC (Padj = 0.0015). We identified genome‐wide significant association of neuron abundance with TMEM106B single nucleotide polymorphism rs13237518 in PCC (p = 6.08 × 10−12). rs13237518 was also associated with amyloid beta (p = 0.0085) and tangles (p = 0.0073).DISCUSSIONHigh abundance of PVALB+ neurons may be a marker of CR. TMEM106B variants may influence CR independent of AD pathology.Highlights
Neuron retention and a lack of astrocytosis are highly predictive of Alzheimer's disease (AD) resilience.
PVALB+ GABAergic and RORB+ glutamatergic neurons are associated with cognitive status.
A TMEM106B single nucleotide polymorphism is related to lower AD risk, higher neuron count, and increased AD pathology.
Transforming Element Sulfur to High Performance Closed‐Loop Recyclable Polymer via Proton Transfer Enabled Anionic Hybrid Copolymerization
Authors: Yang Hongjun , Zhang Jikai , Huang Wenyan , Zhang Guangzhao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe utilization of sulfur has been a global issue. Copolymerization of element sulfur (S8) with other monomers is a promising route to convert it to useful materials but is limited by the comonomers. Here, we report anionic hybrid copolymerization of S8 with acrylate and epoxide at room temperature, where S8 does not copolymerize with epoxide in the absence of acrylate. Yet, the proton transfer from the methyne in acrylate to the oxygen anion enables the ring‐opening of the cyclic comonomer and hence the copolymerization. The cyclic comonomers can be expanded to lactone and cyclic carbonate. Specifically, the copolymer of S8 with bisphenl A diglycidyl ether and diacrylate displays mechanical properties comparable to those of most common plastics, namely, it has ultimate tensile strength as high as 60.8 MPa and Young's modulus up to 680 MPa. It also exhibits high UV resistance and good transparency. Particularly, it has excellent UV‐induced self‐healing, reprocessability and closed‐loop recyclability due to the abundant dynamic S−S bonds and ester groups. This study provides an efficient strategy to turn element sulfur into closed‐loop recyclable polymer with high mechanical and optical performances.
Screening of Silver‐Based Single‐Atom Alloy Catalysts for NO Electroreduction to NH3 by DFT Calculations and Machine Learning
Authors: Liu Jieyu , Wang Shuoao , Tian Yunyan , Guo Haiqiang , Chen Xing , Lei Weiwei , Yu Yifu , Wang Changhong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractExploring NO reduction reaction (NORR) electrocatalysts with high activity and selectivity toward NH3 is essential for both NO removal and NH3 synthesis. Due to their superior electrocatalytic activities, single‐atom alloy (SAA) catalysts have attracted considerable attention. However, the exploration of SAAs is hindered by a lack of fast yet reliable prediction of catalytic performance. To address this problem, we comprehensively screened a series of transition‐metal atom doped Ag‐based SAAs. This screening process involves regression machine learning (ML) algorithms and a compressed‐sensing data‐analytics approach parameterized with density‐functional inputs. The results demonstrate that Cu/Ag and Zn/Ag can efficiently activate and hydrogenate NO with small Φmax(η), a grand‐canonical adaptation of the Gmax(η) descriptor, and exhibit higher affinity to NO over H adatoms to suppress the competing hydrogen evolution reaction. The NH3 selectivity is mainly determined by the s orbitals of the doped single‐atom near the Fermi level. The catalytic activity of SAAs is highly correlated with the local environment of the active site. We further quantified the relationship between the intrinsic features of these active sites and Φmax(η). Our work clarifies the mechanism of NORR to NH3 and offers a design principle to guide the screen of highly active SAA catalysts.
Self‐healable corrosion‐protective alkyd resin based on microencapsulated natural tung oil
Authors: Jafarabadi Shakiba , Shakeri Alireza , Kachoei Zahra 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article introduces a new method in which tung oil is employed as a bio‐friendly curative substance enclosed within melamine‐urea‐formaldehyde microcapsules. Due to the high reactivity of melamine, particle agglomeration can occur. To tackle this issue, this study focuses on optimizing the quantity of emulsifiers to achieve the best microcapsules with 15% melamine in the shell structure without particle agglomeration. The impact of melamine content and the quantity of emulsifier on the morphology of the synthesized microcapsules, the reaction yield, core content, and the hardness of the microcapsule shell were investigated. The presence of tung oil in melamine‐urea‐formaldehyde microcapsules was proven by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed the spherical morphology of the capsules with a mean diameter of 2.29 μm. UV–vis analysis and nano‐indentation tests were used to evaluate the core content and the hardness of the result microcapsules, respectively. Finally, one sample, as the best microcapsule, was dispersed in an alkyd‐based resin in the amount of 1, 2.5, and 5 wt% and applied on a steel substrate for its ability to prevent corrosion. The study also highlights the adverse effect of excessive capsule usage in the resin, as demonstrated by reduced resin adhesion to the substrate, according to electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and salt spray tests. The study found that the best long‐term anticorrosion properties are achieved by including 1 wt% of microcapsules in an alkyd resin.
Health‐promoting worms? Prospects and pitfalls of helminth therapy
Authors: Lamminpää Ingrid , Boem Federico , Amedei Amedeo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this manuscript, we explore the potential therapeutic use of helminths. After analyzing helminths’ role in connection with human health from the perspective of their symbiotic and evolutionary relationship, we critically examine some studies on their therapeutic applications. In doing so, we focus on some prominent mechanisms of action and potential benefits, but also on the exaggerations and theoretical and methodological difficulties of such proposals. We conclude that further studies are needed to fully explore the potential benefits of this perspective, and we encourage the scientific community in doing so.
The safety and effectiveness of music medicine as an intervention for depression: A systematic evaluation and re‐evaluation
Authors: Zhong Dayuan , Cheng Hui , Pan Zhenghua , Liu Yumei , Liu Pingwen , Li Jiarong , Chen Jiaqi , Deng Yihui , Ou Xueming , Li Huanjie , Kong Xiangbo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAs the methodological quality and evidence level of the existing systematic reviews (SRs) on music as an intervention for depression have not been thoroughly evaluated, a systematic evaluation and re‐evaluation (SERE) was conducted.MethodsMultiple databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, SinoMed, Wanfang, and the VIP database were searched for SRs and meta‐analyses (MAs) on the effectiveness of music as an intervention for depression. The literature screening, evaluation of methodological quality, and assessment of evidence level were carried out by a team of researchers. The methodological quality was evaluated using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2) scale in accordance with the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria were utilized to assess the level of evidence.ResultsA total of 18 SRs were included in the analysis. The 2020 PRISMA guidelines were utilized to evaluate various aspects such as search terms, funding sources, statistical methods for missing values, subgroup and sensitivity analyses, certainty assessment, excluded literature citations, assessment of publication bias, protocol information, conflicts of interest, and data availability, which were rarely reported. The evaluation of the studies using the AMSTAR 2 scale revealed that one article was rated as high quality, six were rated as low quality, and 11 were rated as very low quality. Based on the GRADE criteria evaluation, the quality of the evidence was found to be inconsistent, with reports primarily consisting of medium‐quality evidence.ConclusionThe methodological quality of SRs/MAs of music as an intervention in depression is generally poor, and the level of evidence is generally low.
Pain neuroscience education and motor imagery‐based exercise protocol for patients with fibromyalgia: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kircali Selin , Özcan Öznur Özge , Karahan Mesut 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study is a randomized controlled, biopsychosocial study investigating the effectiveness of pain neuroscience education (PNE) and motor imagery‐based exercise protocol (MIEP) on fibromyalgia pain.MethodsOur study has four groups (MIEP n = 12, PNE n = 12, MIEP + PNE n = 14, Control n = 12) and all participants (n = 50) consist of patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia with chronic back pain. The primary outcome measure was pain intensity, and secondary outcome measures were beliefs, kinesiophobia, anxiety–depression, cognitive–mood, self‐esteem, and body awareness.ResultsA statistically significant decrease in pain intensity was observed in all experimental groups, without any group being superior (Visual Analog Scale [VAS]: MIEP + PNE p = .003, 95% confidence interval [CI], −4.7078 to −0.9922; MIEP p = .003, 95% CI, −5.4806 to −1.0194; PNE p = .002, 95% CI, −3.6139 to −1.5461). There was a significant improvement in organic beliefs in both groups where PNE was applied (MIEP + PNE: p = .017, 95% CI, −7.8211 to −0.3189; PNE: p = .003, 95% CI, −9.7999 to −0.0401). A significant superiority in organic pain beliefs was detected in the MIEP + PNE group compared to the control group (p = .008, 95% CI, 1.7241–9.4959).ConclusionsAccording to this study, in which MIEP and PNE were combined, there was a decrease in pain intensity when both applications were applied together and when they were applied one by one. MIEP has improved her motor imagery ability, improved pain and increased body awareness. PNE has improved people's organic pain beliefs; removed people from fears, catastrophizing, and negative thoughts about pain; improved easier management of psychological processes and cognitive–emotion regulation ability.
C‐reactive protein/albumin ratio as a novel predictor for nutritional status of geriatric patients
Authors: Kaya Tezcan , Ulaş Sena Boncuk , Nalbant Ahmet , Yıldırım İlhan , İşsever Kubilay , Karacaer Cengiz , Bilgin Cahit , Vatan Aslı , Acar Türkan , Acar Bilgehan Atılgan , Aras Yeşim Güzey , Köroğlu Mehmet 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsThe C‐reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) is a novel parameter that has been reported as a significant prognostic marker in some diseases. The purpose of the present research was to investigate the predictive value of this ratio with regard to nutritional status in geriatric patients.Methods and resultsA total of 154 geriatric patients (age ≥65 years) who consecutively presented to the internal medicine outpatient clinic were included in this cross‐sectional study. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was used as a reference to determine the nutritional status of the patients. Based on the MNA results, the patients were divided into two groups: normal nutrition and malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. The median CAR of malnourished patients or those at risk of malnutrition was significantly higher than that of patients with normal nutritional status (p = .012). A significant negative correlation was also observed between the MNA score and the CAR (r = −0.196, p = .015). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the CAR was a significant predictor of malnourishment or the risk of malnutrition (p = .012).ConclusionThe CAR could predict which geriatric patients were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. CAR may be used as a new tool in the nutritional screening of geriatric patients.