bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensory quality and fatty acid content of springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis) meat: influence of farm location and sex
Authors: Neethling Jeannine , Muller Magdalena , van der Rijst Marieta , Hoffman Louwrens C 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDSpringbok are harvested for meat production irrespective of farm location or sex from which the meat is derived. The present study investigated the influence of farm location (three farms containing different vegetation types) and sex on the sensory quality of springbok longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle. The sensory profile (aroma, flavour and texture) was determined by descriptive sensory analysis, in addition to determination of the physical meat quality, proximate and fatty acid composition.RESULTSFarm location had a significant influence on the sensory quality (gamey and liver‐like aroma; beef, liver‐like, lamb‐like and herbaceous flavour; sweet taste; tenderness; residue; mealiness; Warner‐Bratzler shear force; moisture, protein and intramuscular lipid content) and fatty acid content (oleic acid; α‐linolenic acid; total saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids; polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio; total omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid; and omega‐6 to omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio) of springbok meat. Sex influenced the chemical composition of springbok meat; however, the influence on the sensory profile was minor (sweet taste; P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONFarm location could influence the sensory quality and composition of springbok meat and should be considered when harvesting for meat production. Sex does not have to be considered for the marketing of springbok meat. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Cervicofacial‐facial artery myocutaneous flap (C‐FAM flap): A novel flap in oral cavity reconstruction
Authors: Rao S L.M. Chandrasekhara , Syed Nusrath , Nemade Hemantkumar O. , Gondi T Jonathan , Gangiti Krantikumar , Rao T Subramanyeshwar 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundReconstruction is an integral part of the surgical management of oral cancer. Local flaps are one of the options in reconstruction of small to moderate sized defects of oral cavity. Reconstruction is an integral part of the surgical management of oral cancer. Every defect needs to be assessed individually to tailor made the reconstruction because of its multidimensionality and complexity. Varieties of autologous tissues are being used in reconstruction like local, regional, or free flaps which can be simple or complex tissues. There is always a trend to identify the newer flaps/technique to personalize reconstruction. Local flaps are also one of the options in reconstruction of small to moderate sized defects of oral cavity. Local tissue if it is available is in the primary surgeon's purview and the flap can be raised without much technical difficulty and morbidity. We used perforator based tissue from the face and neck which is richly supplied by the facial vessels and named as the Cervicofacial‐ Facial Artery Myocutaneous flap (C‐FAM flap) for reconstruction of oral cavity.MethodsWe used perforator based local tissue from the face and neck which is supplied by facial vessels and named it as the C‐FAM flap for the reconstruction of oral cavity defects.ResultsTwenty‐eight patients underwent C‐FAM flap reconstruction in different subsites of the oral cavity with acceptable functional rehabilitation. There was no flap loss.ConclusionThe C‐FAM flap is a robust flap, which is reliable, pliable, and rich in its vascularity. It has to be one of the armamentarium for the oral cavity reconstruction. C‐FAM flap: A Novel flap in Oral cavity reconstruction.
Laparoscopic versus open surgery for rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation: Long‐term outcomes of a propensity score matched study
Authors: Seshadri Ramakrishnan Ayloor , Swaminathan Rajaraman , Srinivasan Ayyappan 
Published: October 2017

Background and ObjectivesLaparoscopic resection for rectal cancer has short‐term benefits when compared to open resection. The aim of this study was to compare the long‐term oncological outcomes of laparoscopic and open resection for rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NCRT).MethodsIn this propensity matched study, a series of 72 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer following NCRT between 2004 and 2010 (Lap group) were matched with 72 patients who underwent open surgery for rectal cancer in the same period (Open group). The survival and recurrence patterns were compared between the two groups.ResultsAfter a median follow‐up of 69.5 months (range 1‐138 months), local recurrence rate was observed in 4 patients (5.5%) and 7 patients (9.7%) in the Lap and Open groups, respectively (P = 0.35). The 5‐ and 10‐year disease‐free survival in the Lap and Open groups were 61.3% versus 47.9% and 48.8% versus 41%, respectively (P = 0.16). The 5‐ and 10‐year overall survival was 66.9% versus 60.2% and 49% versus 46.2% in the Lap and Open groups, respectively (P = 0.38).ConclusionLaparoscopic surgery following NCRT for low and mid third rectal cancers was associated with similar long‐term oncological outcomes when compared to open surgery.
Hepatic Complications of Umbilical Venous Catheters in the Neonatal Period: The Ultrasound Spectrum
Authors: Derinkuyu Betul Emine , Boyunaga Oznur Leman , Damar Cagri , Unal Sezin , Ergenekon Ebru , Alimli Ayse Gul , Oztunali Cigdem , Turkyilmaz Canan 
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesUmbilical venous catheterization is commonly used in the neonatal period; however, it has some complications. In this study, we evaluated neonates who underwent umbilical venous catheterization and developed hepatic complications. Furthermore, we aimed to define all of the possible lesions and to clarify the imaging findings of umbilical venous catheter–induced hepatic injury.MethodsTwo hundred forty‐four neonates who underwent umbilical venous catheterization between March 2013 and September 2015 in a single tertiary care referral center were included in this study. To determine whether they had any hepatic complications, all patients underwent abdominal grayscale and Doppler ultrasound examinations, and their clinical data were recorded.ResultsThe frequency of liver‐related complications from umbilical venous catheterization was 33.6% (82 of 244). Air in the portal venous system was the most frequent complication (20.1% [49 of 244]). Left portal venous thrombosis was noted in 6.1% (15 of 244). Parenchymal lesions in the liver related to umbilical venous catheterization were seen in 7.4% of patients (18 of 244) as follows: single nodular echogenic lesions (4.1% [10 of 244]), branching small nodular echogenic lesions (2.1% [5 of 244]), and large irregular heterogeneous lesions with laceration and perihepatic fluid (1.2% [3 of 244]). There was no statistical significance for any type of complication according to the gestational age (P > .05).ConclusionsHepatic complications due to umbilical venous catheters are not uncommon in the neonatal period. Ultrasound is the best imaging modality for confirming the diagnosis and for follow‐up.
Developing strategic innovation in large corporations—The dynamic capability view of the firm
Authors: Kodama Mitsuru 
Published: October 2017

Strategic innovation dynamically brings about strategic positioning through new products, services, and business models and is a dynamic view of strategy that enables a large corporation to maintain its competitiveness and establish sustainable growth. For these reasons, large corporations have to be innovators that can reinforce their existing positions (businesses) through incremental innovation, while at the same time, constantly renew or destroy existing business through radical innovation.From detailed reviews of existing dynamic capabilities theories and further theories deeply related to the characteristics of corporate or organizational capabilities, this article presents a theoretical model of a strategic innovation system as a corporate system capability to enable a large company to achieve strategic innovation. Furthermore, through in‐depth longitudinal case studies, the article also discusses the importance of strategic innovation capabilities to achieve a dynamic spiral of the 2 completely different ordinary and dynamic capabilities on the capabilities map, skillfully use and combine to achieve swift or slow incremental innovation as exploitation, or radical innovation as exploration.
Online quantification and compound‐specific stable isotopic analysis of black carbon in environmental matrices via liquid chromatography‐isotope ratio mass spectrometry
Authors: Wagner Sasha , Brandes Jay , Goranov Aleksandar I. , Drake Travis W. , Spencer Robert G. M. , Stubbins Aron 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBlack carbon (BC) is derived from the burning of biomass, a considerable portion of organic matter across terrestrial and marine ecosystems, and a major contributor to global carbon cycles. The benzenepolycarboxylic acid method, which converts condensed aromatic BC structures to molecular markers (BPCAs), has been widely adopted for environmental BC assessments. We present a novel analytical method for the online separation, quantification, and determination of compound‐specific stable carbon isotopes of individual BPCAs via high performance liquid chromatography‐stable carbon isotope ratio mass spectrometry (HPLC‐C‐IRMS). To assess δ13C values of environmental BC, the HPLC‐C‐IRMS method was applied to a variety of samples (soil, char, aerosol, and dissolved organic matter). The method reliably measured amounts and δ13C values of benzenepentacarboxylic acid (B5CA) and mellitic acid (B6CA) over a range of 8.3–130 μmol‐C of organic matter oxidized. BPCA‐specific δ13C values deviated from bulk OC δ13C values for different sample types. However, the stable carbon isotopic composition of B5CA and B6CA was found to be generally correlated with that of bulk organic carbon. The stable isotopic compositions of environmental samples covered a wide dynamic range, indicating BC‐specific δ13C values will be useful for tracking BC sources and processing. For instance, the BPCAs derived from marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) were enriched in 13C relative to BPCAs from riverine DOM, suggesting rivers are not the only source of dissolved black carbon to the oceans.
Regulatory Effects of Black Rice Extract on Helicobacter pylori Infection‐Induced Apoptosis
Authors: Kim Sa‐Hyun , Lee Min Ho , Park Min , Woo Hyun Jun , Kim Yoon Suk , Tharmalingam Nagendran , Seo Woo‐Duck , Kim Jong‐Bae 
Published: October 2017

ScopeBlack rice extract (BRE) contains cyanidin 3‐O‐glucoside (C3G), an anthocyanin, as the major component. In this study, we found that BRE inhibits the mRNA and protein expression of genes encoding cytotoxin‐associated protein A (cagA) and vacuolating protein A (vacA) in Helicobacter pylori 60190 strain.Methods and resultsWe performed RT‐PCR and western blotting to show that BRE inhibits the mRNA and protein expression of SecA. Because SecA is involved in VacA export in bacteria, our result suggests a positive correlation between BRE‐induced inhibition of secA expression and VacA secretion. Further, we perform MTT assay and flow cytometry to show that BRE decreases the apoptosis of H. pylori–infected KATO III cells. Finally, we perform western blotting to show that the cell‐protective effect of BRE is associated with decreased levels of active proapoptotic proteins caspases and PARP and increased levels of antiapoptotic proteins survivin and XIAP in H. pylori–infected cells.ConclusionThus, our results indicate that BRE acts as a potent inhibitor of the biogenesis of H. pylori virulence proteins and decreases the apoptosis of H. pylori–infected cells. Moreover, our results suggest that BRE can be used to exert beneficial effects in patients with gastroduodenal diseases caused by H. pylori.
Computationally Efficient Combination of Multi‐channel Phase Data From Multi‐echo Acquisitions (ASPIRE)
Authors: Eckstein Korbinian , Dymerska Barbara , Bachrata Beata , Bogner Wolfgang , Poljanc Karin , Trattnig Siegfried , Robinson Simon Daniel 
Published: October 2017

PurposeTo develop a simple method for combining multi‐echo phase information from a number of coils in an array that requires no volume coil or additional scans and yields signal‐to‐noise ratio‐optimal images that reflect only
‐related phase.Theory and MethodsTwo SNR optimal coil combination methods were developed which retrieve the
‐related phase by determining the coil‐dependent phase offsets. The first variant, MCPC‐3D‐S, requires the unwrapping of one phase image; the second variant, ASPIRE, allows unwrapping to be avoided if two echoes
and
satisfy the echo time relation
, where
is an integer, making this a particularly fast and robust approach. Both developed methods constitute improvements over a prior method, MCPC‐3D, in terms of robustness and computational expense.ResultsIn the brain at 7 T, phase matching and contrast‐to‐noise ratio were higher with MCPC‐3D‐S and ASPIRE than with phase difference reconstruction, and similar to the reference coil–dependent Roemer combination. Unlike the Roemer and virtual reference coil methods, the proposed approaches also eliminated all non–
‐related phase.ConclusionMCPC‐3D‐S is an improvement over prior multi‐echo methods, which is useful if the ASPIRE echo time condition cannot be fulfilled. ASPIRE is a particularly fast and robust approach that runs on the scanner's reconstructor in a small fraction of the acquisition time. Magn Reson Med 79:2996–3006, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Detecting structural orientation in isoprene rubber/multiwall carbon nanotube nanocomposites at different scales during uniaxial deformation
Authors: Fu Xuan , Xie Zhengtian , Wei Laiyun , Huang Cheng , Luo Mingchao , Huang Guangsu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEnhanced strain‐induced crystallization (SIC) behavior in isoprene rubber/multiwall carbon nanotube (IR/MWCNT) nanocomposites was analyzed in terms of structural orientation during uniaxial deformation. In situ synchrotron wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction and small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) reveal the molecular orientation in IR/MWCNT composites at different scales. The inclusion of MWCNTs leads to a decrease in the molecular orientation at small strain due to the promotion of SIC. Meanwhile, the presence of MWCNTs induces a large‐scale orientation within the vulcanized rubber network based on SAXS results. Considering the heterogeneous nature of the vulcanized network, the nucleation process during SIC is discussed from the viewpoint of thermodynamics. The oriented large‐scale structure in IR/MWCNT composites is composed of local rubber chains stretched up MWCNTs, from which the additional nuclei are induced. By forming a bound rubber layer around MWCNTs through attractive interactions, MWCNTs can amplify the local strain of rubber segments and form a highly oriented large‐scale structure, but without altering the overall molecular orientation level. The evolution of detailed structural orientation in MWCNT‐filled rubber composites during deformation is revealed for the first time. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Plasmon‐Exciton Coupling Interaction for Surface Catalytic Reactions
Authors: Wang Jingang , Lin Weihua , Xu Xuefeng , Ma Fengcai , Sun Mengtao 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this review, we firstly reveal the physical principle of plasmon‐exciton coupling interaction with steady absorption spectroscopy, and ultrafast transition absorption spectroscopy, based on the pump‐prop technology. Secondly, we introduce the fabrication of electro‐optical device of two‐dimensional semiconductor‐nanostructure noble metals hybrid, based on the plasmon‐exciton coupling interactions. Thirdly, we introduce the applications of plasmon‐exciton coupling interaction in the field of surface catalytic reactions. Lastly, the perspective of plasmon‐exciton coupling interaction and applications closed this review.
Empowering Students With Word‐Learning Strategies: Teach a Child to Fish
Authors: Graves Michael F. , Schneider Steven , Ringstaff Cathy 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article on word‐learning strategies describes a theory‐ and research‐based set of procedures for teaching students to use word‐learning strategies—word parts, context clues, the dictionary, and a combined strategy—to infer the meanings of unknown words. The article begins with a rationale for teaching word‐learning strategies, particularly to students with vocabularies smaller than those of many students their age. After this, the authors provide a definition of word‐learning strategies, a review of the most relevant research, and a brief description of the effects of the program. Next are descriptions of the curriculum, the instruction, and key aspects of the authors’ approach. The article concludes with a note stressing the importance of following initial instruction on word‐learning strategies with reviews, reminders, and prompts to use them over time and a description of two aspects of the program identified as particularly important by the teachers the authors worked with.
Phenotype, disease severity and pain are major determinants of quality of life in Fabry disease: results from a large multicenter cohort study
Authors: Arends Maarten , Körver Simon , Hughes Derralynn A. , Mehta Atul , Hollak Carla E. M. , Biegstraaten Marieke 
Published: October 2017

AbstractQuality of life (QoL) is decreased in patients with Fabry disease (FD). To improve QoL, it is important to understand the influence of FD related characteristics, symptoms, and complications. In this retrospective cohort study we explored the effect of pain (measured by the Brief Pain Inventory), phenotype, treatment, and FD‐related complications on QoL. QoL data of Fabry patients as assessed by the EuroQol five dimension questionnaire (EQ‐5D) from two international centers of excellence were collected. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sex, phenotype, age, different states of disease severity, pain, and ERT on EQ‐5D utilities. For 286 adult FD patients (mean age 42.5 years, 40% men, 60% classical phenotype) 2240 EQ‐5Ds were available. QoL is decreased in men as well as women with FD, especially in older men with a classical phenotype. At age 50, utility was lower in men with classical FD compared to those with non‐classical disease (β = −0.12, 95% CI: ‐0.23 – 0.01, p = 0.037) with further difference in the years thereafter. Cardiovascular complications, stroke or transient ischemic attacks, multiple FD‐related complications and pain were also associated with decreased utilities. Overall, no change in utility was seen in patients on ERT over a mean follow‐up of 6.1 years. FD leads to a decreased QoL compared to the general population. Disease complications and pain both negatively influence QoL. Adequate assessment and treatment of pain as well as improved strategies to prevent disease complications are needed to improve QoL in the FD population.
Acute urinary retention after Black Widow envenomation: a case report
Authors: Carere Matthew , Sterret Russel , Timmerman Nicholas , Taylor Ian 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLatrodectism following Black Widow envenomation is rare in Canada. We present the case of a previously healthy 50 year old male who presented with an acute abdomen, hypertension, and urinary retention. After a thorough work up it was determined to be as a result of a Black Widow spider bite. Due to climate change we may see more cases of Latrodectism in the future and it should be considered as a differential diagnosis in anyone presenting with an acute abdomen after an insect bite.
Latent class analysis of violence against adolescents and psychosocial outcomes in refugee settings in Uganda and Rwanda
Authors: Meyer S. R. , Yu G. , Hermosilla S. , Stark L. 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundLittle is known about violence against children in refugee camps and settlements, and the evidence-base concerning mental health outcomes of youth in refugee settings in low and middle-income countries is similarly small. Evidence is needed to understand patterns of violence against children in refugee camps, and associations with adverse mental health outcomes.MethodsSurveys were conducted with adolescent refugees (aged 13–17) in two refugee contexts – Kiziba Camp, Rwanda (n= 129) (refugees from Democratic Republic of Congo) and Adjumani and Kiryandongo refugee settlements, Uganda (n= 471) (refugees from South Sudan). Latent Class Analysis was utilized to identify classes of violence exposure (including exposure to witnessing household violence, verbal abuse, physical violence and sexual violence). Logistic regressions explored the association between latent class of violence exposure and symptoms of depression and anxiety.ResultsIn Rwanda, a two-class solution was identified, with Class 1 (n= 33) representing high levels of exposure to violence and Class 2 (n= 96) representing low levels of exposure. In Uganda, a three-class solution was identified: Class 1 (high violence;n= 53), Class 2 (low violence,n= 100) and Class 3 (no violence,n= 317). Logistic regression analyses indicated that latent violence class was associated with increased odds of high anxiety symptoms in Rwanda (AOR 3.56, 95% CI 1.16–0.95), and highv. no violence class was associated with depression (AOR 3.97, 95% CI 1.07–7.61) and anxiety symptoms (AOR 2.04, 95% CI 1.05–3.96) in Uganda.ConclusionsThe present results support the existing evidence-base concerning the association between violence and adverse mental health outcomes, while identifying differences in patterns and associations between refugee youth in two different contexts.
THE OTTOMAN QUAGMIRE: MALARIA, SWAMPS, AND SETTLEMENT IN THE LATE OTTOMAN MEDITERRANEAN
Authors: Gratien Chris 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDuring the late Ottoman period, a large influx of migrants and the expansion of cultivation created opportunities for new settlements in the countryside of Anatolia, Greater Syria, and Iraq. However, settlement often brought misery to newcomers in the form of malaria, especially when it occurred in the lowlands of the Mediterranean. This article traces the contours of the encounter with malaria that arose out of settlement, offering an overview of how Ottoman state and society confronted the conundrum of the swamp and examining the impact of this confrontation on local political economies. It demonstrates that swamps and malaria were a significant concern for late Ottoman state and society, and that policies adopted to address malaria sometimes facilitated the creation of large estates in the countryside of the Mediterranean littoral.
REFUGEES AND THE CASE FOR INTERNATIONAL AUTHORITY IN THE MIDDLE EAST: THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS AND THE UNITED NATIONS RELIEF AND WORKS AGENCY FOR PALESTINIAN REFUGEES IN THE NEAR EAST COMPARED
Authors: Robson Laura 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn the immediate aftermath of World War I, the newly formed League of Nations saw Middle Eastern refugees—particularly displaced Armenians and Assyrians scattered in camps across the Eastern Mediterranean—as venues for working out new forms of internationalism. In the late 1940s, following the British abandonment of the Palestine Mandate and the subsequent Zionist expulsion of most of the Palestinian Arab population, the new United Nations revived this concept of a refugee crisis requiring international intervention. This paper examines the parallel ways in which advocates for both the nascent League of Nations and the United Nations made use of mass refugee flows to formulate arguments for new, highly visible, and essentially permanent iterations of international authority across the Middle East.