bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ventilation-Induced Modulation of Pulse Oximeter Waveforms: A Method for the Assessment of Early Changes in Intravascular Volume During Spinal Fusion Surgery in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Alian Aymen A. , Atteya Gourg , Gaal Dorothy , Golembeski Thomas , Smith Brian G. , Dai Feng , Silverman David G. , Shelley Kirk 
Published: June 2016

BACKGROUND:
Scoliosis surgery is often associated with substantial blood loss, requiring fluid resuscitation and blood transfusions. In adults, dynamic preload indices have been shown to be more reliable for guiding fluid resuscitation, but these indices have not been useful in children undergoing surgery. The aim of this study was to introduce frequency-analyzed photoplethysmogram (PPG) and arterial pressure waveform variables and to study the ability of these parameters to detect early bleeding in children during surgery.

METHODS:
We studied 20 children undergoing spinal fusion. Electrocardiogram, arterial pressure, finger pulse oximetry (finger PPG), and airway pressure waveforms were analyzed using time domain and frequency domain methods of analysis. Frequency domain analysis consisted of calculating the amplitude density of PPG and arterial pressure waveforms at the respiratory and cardiac frequencies using Fourier analysis. This generated 2 measurements: The first is related to slow mean arterial pressure modulation induced by ventilation (also known as DC modulation when referring to the PPG), and the second corresponds to pulse pressure modulation (AC modulation or changes in the amplitude of pulse oximeter plethysmograph when referring to the PPG). Both PPG and arterial pressure measurements were divided by their respective cardiac pulse amplitude to generate DC% and AC% (normalized values). Standard hemodynamic data were also recorded. Data at baseline and after bleeding (estimated blood loss about 9% of blood volume) were presented as median and interquartile range and compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests; a Bonferroni-corrected P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:
There were significant increases in PPG DC% (median [interquartile range] = 359% [210 to 541], P = 0.002), PPG AC% (160% [87 to 251], P = 0.003), and arterial DC% (44% [19 to 84], P = 0.012) modulations, respectively, whereas arterial AC% modulations showed nonsignificant increase (41% [1 to 85], P = 0.12). The change in PPG DC% was significantly higher than that in PPG AC%, arterial DC%, arterial AC%, and systolic blood pressure with P values of 0.008, 0.002, 0.003, and 0.002, respectively. Only systolic blood pressure showed significant changes (11% [4 to 21], P = 0.003) between bleeding phase and baseline.

CONCLUSIONS:
Finger PPG and arterial waveform parameters (using frequency analysis) can track changes in blood volume during the bleeding phase, suggesting the potential for a noninvasive monitor for tracking changes in blood volume in pediatric patients. PPG waveform baseline modulation (PPG DC%) was more sensitive to changes in venous blood volume when compared with respiration-induced modulation seen in the arterial pressure waveform.
A Bio-Inspired Integration Method for Object Semantic Representation
Authors: Wei Hui 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
We have two motivations. Firstly, semantic gap is a tough problem puzzling almost all sub-fields of Artificial Intelligence. We think semantic gap is the conflict between the abstractness of high-level symbolic definition and the details, diversities of low-level stimulus. Secondly, in object recognition, a pre-defined prototype of object is crucial and indispensable for bi-directional perception processing. On the one hand this prototype was learned from perceptional experience, and on the other hand it should be able to guide future downward processing. Human can do this very well, so physiological mechanism is simulated here. We utilize a mechanism of classical and non-classical receptive field (nCRF) to design a hierarchical model and form a multi-layer prototype of an object. This also is a realistic definition of concept, and a representation of denoting semantic. We regard this model as the most fundamental infrastructure that can ground semantics. Here a AND-OR tree is constructed to record prototypes of a concept, in which either raw data at low-level or symbol at high-level is feasible, and explicit production rules are also available. For the sake of pixel processing, knowledge should be represented in a data form; for the sake of scene reasoning, knowledge should be represented in a symbolic form. The physiological mechanism happens to be the bridge that can join them together seamlessly. This provides a possibility for finding a solution to semantic gap problem, and prevents discontinuity in low-order structures.
Studies on BVPs for IFDEs involved with the
Riemann-Liouville type fractional derivatives
Authors: Liu Yuji 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In this article, we present a new method for converting the boundary value problems for impulsive
fractional differential systems involved with the Riemann-Liouville type derivatives to integral systems, some
existence results for solutions of a class of boundary value problems for nonlinear impulsive fractional differential
systems at resonance case and non-resonance case are established respectively. Our analysis relies on
the well known Schauder’s fixed point theorem and coincidence degree theory. Examples are given to illustrate
main results. This paper is motivated by [Solvability of multi-point boundary value problem of nonlinear
impulsive fractional differential equation at resonance, Electron. J. Qual. Theory Differ. Equ. 89(2011), 1-19],
[Existence result for boundary value problem of nonlinear impulsive fractional differential equation at resonance,
J, Appl, Math, Comput. 39(2012) 421-443] and [Solvability for a coupled system of fractional differential
equations with impulses at resonance, Bound. Value Probl. 2013, 2013: 80].
Crystal structure of pentacalcium tetranitridovanadate(V) mononitride based on a powder diffraction study, Ca5[VN4]N
Authors: Ovchinnikov Alexander , Höhn Peter 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Ca5N5V, orthorhombic, Pbcm (no. 57), a = 6.0371(3) Å, b = 16.6146(7) Å, c = 6.7815(3) Å, V = 680.21(5) Å3, Z = 4, R(P) = 0.0100, RF(all) = 0.0348, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of bis(μ2-2-fluorobenzoato-κ2
O:O:O′) bis(μ2-2-fluorobenzoato-κ2
O:O′)dinitrato-κ2
O,O′ bis(1,10-phenathroline-κ2
N,N′)diterbium(III), C52H32F4N6O14Tb2
Authors: Wen-Hua Wu , Du Lin , Zheng Yan-Rui , Qu Ya-Jie 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
C52H32F4N6O14Tb2, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 10.745(2) Å, b = 10.993(2) Å, c = 11.141(2) Å, α = 84.45(3)°, β = 81.22(3)°, γ = 69.46(3)°, V = 1216.6(4) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt
(F) = 0.0345, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.0992, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of 4,4′-di(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1,1′-biphenyl, C36H28N8
Authors: Wu Hai-Xia , Zheng Min , Guo Jin-Bo 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
C36H28N8, triclinic, P1̅, a = 10.5381(10) Å, b = 11.2172(11) Å, c = 14.0925(13) Å, α = 73.912(3)°, β = 68.626(3)°, γ = 62.739(3)°, V = 1366.7(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0593, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1429, T = 293(2) K.
Leaching of selected metals from a landfill of the closed down Siersza coal mine in Trzebinia (S Poland)
Authors: Kicińska Alicja , Kosa Beata 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Landfills of waste generated by coal mining could pose a serious environmental threat if not properly reclaimed. The study focuses on leaching select heavy metals from the waste disposed of by the closed down Siersza hard coal mine in Trzebinia (Silesian- Cracow area). The solid waste samples were analysed with the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) method for Zn, Pb, Cd, Mn and Fe contents. The eluates were obtained by leaching the solid samples with distilled water at the ratio 1:10 and analysed with the atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) method. The most prone for leaching were Mn and Zn (78 and 73% of the total contents), the medium prone Pb and Cd (around 50% each), and the least prone Fe (30%). In the western part of the landfill, zinc occurs in unexpectedly high amounts (0.64-3.3 wt.%), which may be related to the presence of slag of unknown provenience. The concentrations of Zn, Pb and Cd (averages in mg∙kg−1: 6727, 2.3 and 10.3, respectively) in the leachates exceed the limits of Polish environmental standards. The landfill should be properly monitored and fully reclaimed.
Changes of Spleen in Wistar Rats Exposed to Therapeutic Doses of Dexamethasone and Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Evaluated by Stereological Parameters
Authors: Mitevska Elida , Kostadinova-Petrova Irena , Kostovska Nevena 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The aim of our investigation was to evaluate the immunosuppressive effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) determining the volume densities of the structural components of the spleen. The volume densities of the same structural components of spleen were determined after administration of dexamethasone too, in order to see whether the morphological changes induced by MPA are in the same line with the changes caused by dexamethasone.
60 female Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups. The control group of rats was administered physiological solution. The remaining, 4 experimental groups were administered: dexamethasone at a therapeutic daily dose of 0.6 mg/kg bw and maximal therapeutic dose of 3 mg/kg bw, and MPA at a therapeutic dose of 30 mg/kg bw and maximal therapeutic dose of 150 mg/kg bw. The drugs were applied intramuscularly for 7 days. Spleen paraffin sections were stained according to the methods: hematoxylin-eosin, Masson and Elastica van-Gieson. Stereological measurements were performed by using the Weibl′s multipurpose test system (M-42).
The histological analyses of the structural components of the spleen in rats treated with dexamethasone and MPA have shown reduction of the white pulp and the marginal zone and an apparent decrease of the cellular density of the lymphocyte component of the pulp. The stereological analysis of the spleen showed significant decrease of the splenic pulp volume density and significant increase of the connective tissue volume density. Reducing the presence of splenic pulp was mainly due to the decrease in the volume density of all structural components of the white pulp. Changes were observed in all drug treated groups of rats.
Our results have shown that the MPA provoked changes suggested atrophy of the spleen lymphoid tissue. Although the atrophic changes of the spleen were significant after the application of both dexamethasone and MPA, the white pulp was significantly more sensitive substrate for dexamethasone than for the MPA.
Adenoid Vegetations – Reservoir of Bacteria for Chronic Otitis Media with Effusion and Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Davcheva-Chakar Marina , Kaftandzhieva Ana , Zafirovska Beti 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Introduction: Otitis media and rhinosinusitis are commonly encountered illnesses in pediatric population. Literature reports have documented the association between the occurrence of these two conditions and even their almost identical microbiological findings. Until recently, the key factor in the association of these two conditions was considered to be the hypertrophic adenoid tissue, but within the past few years there have been evidences in the literature about the presence of bacterial biofilms on the adenoids suggesting biofilms to be also responsible for both conditions, chronic otitis media with effusion and chronic rhinosinusitis.
Aim: The aim of this study was to make a microbiological analysis of the adenoid tissue specimens taken from patients with chronic otitis media with effusion and chronic or recurrent rhinosinusitis and to determine their potential for biofilms formation.
Methods: After the surgical intervention, adenoidectomy, microbiological evaluation and analysis of the adenoid tissue specimens taken from 20 patients were made. Having in mind the disease history, chronic otitis media with effusion was diagnosed in all 20 patients and chronic rhinosinusitis in 9 patients.
Results: The results obtained from the microbiological analyses showed many potentially pathogenic bacteria in the adenoids that were almost identical with the most common organisms incorporated in the etiopathogenesis of both conditions, in chronic otitis media with effusion and in chronic rhinosinusitis. In 7 (35%) patients Haemophylus influenzae was isolated, in 6 (30%) Streptococcus pneumoniae, in 4 (20%) Moraxella catаrrhalis, in 2 (10%) patients Staphylococcus aureus and in 1 (5%) patient Streptococcus pyogenes - group A was isolated. One bacterium was isolated from all adenoid vegetations, except in one case when two bacteria (Haemophylus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus) were concurrently isolated.
Conclusion: Our results have shown that the key role in adenoid vegetations in chronic otitis media with effusion and chronic rhinosinusitis is not only the mechanism of rhinopharyngeal obstruction, but also the presence of bacterial strains with a large potential for formation of biofilms adhered to their surface, especially in cases with symptoms of chronic otitis media with effusion and chronic rhinosinusitis that were resistant to antibiotic therapy.
Neonatal Hypoglycemia: A Continuing Debate in Definition and Management
Authors: Stomnaroska-Damcevski Orhideja , Petkovska Elizabeta , Jancevska Snezana , Danilovski Dragan 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Neonatal hypoglycemia (NH) is one of the most common abnormalities encountered in the newborn. Maintaining glucose homeostasis is one of the important physiological events during fetal-to-neonatal transition. Transient low blood glucose concentrations are frequently encountered in the majority of healthy newborns and are the reflections of normal metabolic adaptation processes. Nevertheless, there is a great concern that prolonged or recurrent low blood glucose levels may result in long-term neurological and developmental consequences.
Strikingly, it was demonstrated that the incidence and timing of low glucose concentrations in the groups most at risk for asymptomatic neonatal hypoglycemia, did not find association between repetitive low glucose concentrations and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. On the contrary, NH due to hyperinsulinism is strongly associated with brain injury.
Fundamental issue of great professional controversy is concerning the best manner to manage asymptomatic newborns NH. Both, overtreating NH and undertreating NH are poles with significant potential disadvantages.
Therefore, NH is one of the most important issues in the day-to-day practice. This article appraises the critical questions of definition (widely accepted blood glucose concentration: < 2.6 mmol/l or 47 mg/dl), follow-up ad management of NH.
Influence of the Ethnic Affiliation, Level of Education and Place of Living on Oral Health at Geriatric Population with Total and Partial Dentures in Republic of Macedonia
Authors: Stavreva Natasha , Guguvcevchi Ljuben , Kapusevska Biljana 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Introduction. Health is the main component of the quality of life, while oral health is component of the general health. The socio-demographic characteristics are one of the important factors for perception of the oral health and the quality of life. The main purpose of this study was to perform an evaluation of the quality of life of geriatric patients (older than 65) with built-in oral prosthetic dentures depending on the ethnic affiliation, level of education and place of living, as socio-demographic characteristics.
Materials and methods. The survey was a prospective transversal (cross-sectional) study conducted among 165 institutionally sheltered patients at the Gerontology Institute (inspected group - IG) and 170 patients from the dental specialist clinics (control group CG) at the age of 65 and older. The statistical program SPSS for Windows ver. 13.0 was used for statistical processing.
Results and discussion. Patients with upper and lower total dentures dominated (43.6% vs. 26.5%). The highest GOHAI score had the other ethnicities of IC (32.08) and Roma of IG (31.00), while the lowest was in the Albanians of CG (25.91). The highest value of 30.15 had the IG of patients living in urban areas.
Conclusion. The quality of life and oral health of the geriatric patients are at unsatisfactory level, with significant influence of the place of living and insignificant influence of the ethnic affiliation and level of education.
5. Uro-Oncology Winter Congress
Authors: Polenakovic Momir , Popov Zivko 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The 5th Uro-oncology Winter Congress was held in Skopje, at the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts on January 30 - February 03, 2013. The Congress was co-organized by the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, the Istanbul University, the Turkish Urology Association, Macedonian Society of Urology and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Macedonia. Topics of the Congress were tumors of urinary tract (kidney, vesica urinaria) and prostate. The latest achievements in the diagnosis and treatment of the above-mentioned disease were presented. Around 300 participants from the Balkans took part at the meeting. There were simultaneous sessions on different uro-oncological issues with around 60 presentations. In addition, there were poster presentations and training courses. It is important to point out that we had a session with participation of Balkan uro-oncologists - Balkan Urology Session, which is the first time in recent years.
Social inequalities and health: monitoring in the era of non-communicable diseases
Authors: Bozorgmehr Kayvan , Razum Oliver 
Published: June 2016

Abstract:
Social inequalities in health have persisted or increased in the era of non-communicable diseases. They are sensitive to changes in underlying structural mechanisms which are ‘socialy produced’. Research in this field is increasingly concerned with changes over time in the magnitude of health inequalities between social groups and related structural mechanisms contributing to this change. Equity-oriented monitoring systems are essential for this task, but not yet well established in Germany.
Kosten des Rauchens in Deutschland
Authors: Effertz Tobias 
Published: June 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Rauchen führt zu schweren Erkrankungen und vorzeitigem Tod. Diese Erkenntnis ist lange bekannt. Dennoch ist die Raucherquote in Deutschland mit 27% noch immer relativ hoch. Mit dem Rauchen sind hohe Kosten verbunden, die nicht nur das Individuum trägt, sondern auch die dem Tabakrauch ausgesetzte Familie und unbeteiligte Dritte. Insgesamt 79 Mrd. € fallen jedes Jahr an sozialen Kosten an, die überwiegend von den gesetzlichen Sozialversicherungen bezahlt werden. Eine wirkungsvolle Präventionsmaßnahme wären höhere Tabaksteuern, die den Raucher mit den wahren Kosten des Rauchens konfrontieren und die Rauchprävalenz damit wirkungsvoll zurückführen würden.
Diabetes mellitus in Deutschland
Authors: Icks Andrea , Roden Michael 
Published: June 2016

Zusammenfassung:
In Deutschland sind rund 7% der Bevölkerung von einem diagnostizierten Diabetes mellitus betroffen. Die größten Einschränkungen der Lebensqualität und Lebenserwartung sind durch diabetesbezogene Begleit- und Folgekrankheiten bedingt. Trotz erheblicher Verbesserungen ist davon auszugehen, dass noch immer ein relevanter Anteil von Patienten nicht oder unzureichend therapiert wird. Weitere Forschung ist erforderlich wie auch die Implementierung vorhandenen Wissens in die flächendeckende Versorgung.
Genderspezifische Aspekte von Zivilisationserkrankungen
Authors: Kloepfer Martina 
Published: June 2016

Zusammenfassung:Eine erfolgreiche Behandlung von Zivilisationskrankheiten wie Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen und Diabetes, aber auch von psychischen Erkrankungen und Krebs kann von der Berücksichtigung des biologischen und des soziokulturellen Geschlechts abhängen. Tradierte Geschlechterrollen, auf Seiten der Patienten und der Ärzteschaft können zu geschlechtsspezifischen Zuordnungen von Krankheiten führen und damit Diagnosen beeinflussen. Hier nehmen der Herzinfarkt und psychische Erkrankungen eine prominente Rolle ein.
Depression – eine Volkskrankheit: gesundheitspolitische und präventive Anmerkungen
Authors: Wolfersdorf Manfred , Rätzel-Kürzdörfer Walter 
Published: June 2016

Zusammenfassung:
In einer modernen Dienstleistungsgesellschaft mit hohen Anpassungsanforderungen an sich ändernde Arbeits- und Sozialbeziehungen werden psychische Erkrankungen immer bedeutsamer für Public Health Entscheidungen. Arbeitsunfähigkeitstage, Frühberentungen und Krankschreibungen wegen psychischer Störungen haben in den letzten 10 Jahren deutlich zugenommen. Die Depression ist darunter die häufigste und wegen der großen Nähe zu Hoffnungslosigkeit, Suizidalität und Chronifizierung auch die bedrohlichste psychische Erkrankung.
Zum Zusammenhang zwischen Depression und koronarer Herzkrankheit
Authors: Mittag Oskar 
Published: June 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Die Depression stellt eine häufige Komorbidität der koronaren Herzkrankheit dar, wobei die genaue Art der Beziehung zwischen beiden Erkrankungen noch nicht letztendlich verstanden ist. Es gibt eine Reihe von behavioralen und physiologischen Wirkpfaden, die erklären könnten, auf welche Weise die Depression das koronare Risiko erhöht. Aber das Bedingungsgefüge ist komplex, und die Behandlung der Depression verbessert die kardiale Prognose nicht.
Gastrointestinal Non-Infectious Complications in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Kostović Milica , Cvetkovic Milica , Petrovic Dejan 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Gastrointestinal complications are common among patients on peritoneal dialysis. Risk factors for the development of gastrointestinal complications in this patient population include: toxic effects of uremic toxins, frequent use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Helicobacter pylori infection, angiodysplasia, increased intra-abdominal pressure, use of bioincompatible solution for peritoneal dialysis, increased glucose in solutions for peritoneal dialysis, secondary hyperparathyroidism (hypercalcemia), a disorder of lipid metabolism (hypertriglyceridemia), and the duration of peritoneal dialysis treatment. The most important non-infectious gastrointestinal complications in patients on peritoneal dialysis are: gastrointestinal bleeding, herniation and leaking of the dialysate from the abdomen (increased intra-abdominal pressure), impaired lung function (intra-abdominal hypertension), acute pancreatitis, and encapsulating sclerosis of the peritoneum. Intra-abdominal hypertension is defined as IAP ≥ 12 mmHg. Pouring the peritoneal dialysis solution leads to increased intra-abdominal pressure, which results in the development of hernias, pleuro-peritoneal dialysate leakage (hydrothorax), and restrictive pulmonary dysfunction. Risk factors for the development of acute pancreatitis in this patient population include: uraemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism with hypercalcemia, hypertriglyceridemia, features of the peritoneal dialysis solution (osmolarity, acidity, glucose, chemical irritation, and calcium in the solution for peritoneal dialysis lead to “local hypercalcemia”), toxic substances from the dialysate, the bags and tubing, and peritonitis and treatment of peritonitis with antibiotics and anticoagulants. Encapsulating sclerosis of the peritoneum is rare and is the most serious complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis. It is characterized by thickening of the peritoneum, including cancer, and signs and symptoms of obstructive ileus. Diagnosis is based on clinical, laboratory and radiological parameters. Encapsulating sclerosis of the peritoneum can be indicated by an AR-CA-125 concentration of less than 33 U/min and a concentration of AR-IL-6 greater than 350 pg/min in the effluent of patients with ultrafiltration weakness. Treatment consists of stopping peritoneal dialysis, using anti-inflammatory (corticosteroids) and anticicatricial drugs (tamoxifen), while surgical treatment includes enterolysis and adhesiolysis.