bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pesquisa de percepções e práticas de avaliação no ensino universitário português
Authors: Fernandes Domingos 
Published: February 2016

O propósito deste artigo foi analisar percepções e práticas de avaliação de docentes e estudantes de quatro universidades portuguesas. As percepções foram estudadas por meio de um questionário administrado a docentes e estudantes. As práticas de avaliação foram pesquisadas através de observações de aulas e de entrevistas a docentes e estudantes. Os resultados mostraram que, em geral, as percepções e as práticas de avaliação eram mais consistentes com uma pedagogia centrada nos docentes, baseada na exposição das matérias e na avaliação para classificar, do que numa pedagogia em que os estudantes estão no centro das dinâmicas pedagógicas, baseada na avaliação para aprender e na distribuição de feedback. As percepções e práticas enquadráveis nessa última perspetiva, ainda que minoritárias, revelaram que é possível evoluir para uma pedagogia mais progressiva e inovadora no ensino superior.
Metodología integral para la valoración social y económica del humedal Santa María del Lago
Authors: Diaz Lozano Yolanda , Pinilla Rivera Maribel 
Published: February 2016

<p>Esta investigación presenta la aplicación de Metodologías Integrales para la valoración social y económica de la función ecológica del humedal Santa María del Lago. Está ubicado al noroccidente de Bogotá, en la localidad de Engativá. Originalmente se encontraba conectado al río Juan Amarillo pero actualmente ya está aislado, registra un área total de 10,2 Ha, y es el único humedal en Bogotá que tiene un espejo de agua de tamaño importante con una superficie reportada de 5.64 Ha. Para la forma metodológica social se utilizó la Evaluación Ambiental Integral (EAI), vinculando el análisis del estado y las tendencias del medio ambiente con el análisis de políticas, identificando problemáticas y prioridades ambientales a través de fuerzas motrices, presiones, estado, impactos y respuestas. Para la valoración económica se optó por el modelo de Precios Hedónicos, con una muestra de 53.898 datos, arrojando como resultado las identificaciones socioeconómicas, avaluó catastral, perímetro del predio, área del predio y avaluó por metro cuadrado, resultados que permiten sustentar económicamente las decisiones de conservación de este humedal basados en la cercanía al humedal, la calidad del mismo y el avalúo de los predios circunvecinos.</p>
Las redes sociales como herramienta para la educación ambiental
Authors: Osorno Acosta Viviana 
Published: February 2016

<p>La educación ambiental es un tema que cada día tiene más relevancia, sin embargo este tipo de educación se ve frustrada por la falta de herramientas que permitan la sensibilización del estudiante frente a estos temas. Por otro lado los estudiantes se ven más atraídos a las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TICs), como las redes sociales, que permiten a los estudiantes obtener información amplia y actualizada a cualquier hora y lugar. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo explorar de qué manera las redes sociales podrían llegar a ser un apoyo en la sensibilización y concientización ambiental de los estudiantes de primeros semestres de Ingeniería Ambiental de la Universidad El Bosque. Para lograrlo se realizan entrevistas a estudiantes y docentes y una prueba piloto en Facebook. Los resultados fueron categorizados a través del programa Atlas.ti y analizados por medio de una triangulación en donde se compara la realidad, la teoría y la opinión del investigador, en donde se obtiene un análisis por cada categoría. Adicionalmente se realizan varias actividades en la prueba piloto en Facebook y su respectivo análisis.</p>
Resiliencia, un método dinámico en la ingeniería industrial - clúster plásticos
Authors: Correa Chaparro Carlos Gabriel , Vega Marín Laura Juliana 
Published: February 2016

<p>El objetivo principal de este artículo es dar a conocer aspectos relacionados con la identificación sistemática de eventos de resiliencia tales como accidentes y enfermedades que se vienen presentando en el Clúster Plástico y/o quizá se vayan a presentar en el futuro si no se toman medidas oportunas y pertinentes ahora. La metodología usada para dicha identificación tuvo como fundamento la elaboración de un conjunto de instrumentos de acopio de datos relacionados con los eventos causales, entre ellas: visitas directas a las empresas, entrevistas a empleados, registros descriptivos y en algunos casos información sistemática que las empresas han acopiado en dicho clúster. A partir de lo anterior, es posible concluir que las empresas agrupadas en el clúster plásticos repiten de manera reiterada eventos de resiliencia, los cuales reflejan la carencia en la prevención de accidentes y de enfermedades de origen profesional, lo que impacta en la necesidad de implementar y mantener políticas y directrices en un modelo de obligatorio cumplimiento, basados en experiencias aprendidas.</p>
Movilidad sostenible en Bogotá D.C. – caso metro Bogotá
Authors: Moré Jaramillo Rafael Andrés , Giret Matthieu 
Published: February 2016

<p>La situación actual de la movilidad en la ciudad de Bogotá es crítica, el transporte público no es suficiente y eficiente en horas pico para soportar la demanda, por lo cual se requiere de una alternativa de transporte público masivo y limpio que este alineado con las políticas del Plan de Desarrollo de la Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá y el Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial de Bogotá. Los estudios iniciales muestran la viabilidad de la implementación del metro, sobre todo por los beneficios que trae a nivel ambiental en donde los aportes a la disminución de emisiones atmosféricas como gases efecto Invernadero (CO2) son evidentes al tratarse de un sistema cuyo combustible es la energía eléctrica. Para determinar inicialmente si el metro de Bogotá sería un sistema de transporte público viable, se deben realizar los estudios de prefactibilidad y factibilidad en las áreas financieras, técnicas, urbanísticas, ambientales, jurídicas, operativas, socioeconómicas y de demanda de las líneas previamente establecidas, sin embargo, se realizó inicialmente un comparativo del sistema eléctrico férreo con los sistemas de transporte existentes en las variables emisión de CO2, generación de ruido y velocidad promedio del viaje, en las cuales se muestra que el metro es más beneficioso que los sistemas de transporte público existentes en la ciudad.</p>
Cuantificación de azúcares reductores en las cáscaras de naranja y banano
Authors: Cortes Ortiz William Giovanni , Ibla Gordillo Jose Francisco , Calderon Velasquez Lina Maria , Herrera Bueno Andres Felipe 
Published: February 2016

En este trabajo se evaluó la hidrólisis ácida de la cáscara de banano y de naranja para la extracción de azúcares presentes en la biomasa de dicho material, para ello se cuantificó la cantidad de azúcares reductores presentes en las muestras de cáscara de naranja y cáscara de banano. Este proceso inició con un pre-tratamiento físico de los residuos: lavado y reducción de las muestras, para luego llevar a cabo la eliminación de la lignina (polímero que protege los azúcares presentes en la biomasa ligno-celulósica) presente en las cáscaras de naranja y banano mediante una inmersión en solución básica de NaOH 0,100 M, obteniendo muestras con presencia de celulosa (bio-polímero compuesto principalmente de glucosa) y carentes de lignina; posteriormente se llevo a cabo un proceso de hidrólisis ácida con una solución de H2SO4 al 5,0 N bajo 3 condiciones diferentes de calentamiento y agitación con el fin de comparar y encontrar el método más efectivo para la separación o fragmentación de dicha celulosa en moléculas de glucosa. Luego se realiza el ajuste del pH, para finalmente determinar los azúcares reductores mediante una técnica de colorimetría denominada DNS.
Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor: Better molecular understanding revolutionizes treatment outcome
Authors: Shash Emad 
Published: February 2016

<p>Tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TGCTs) are rare tumors, which are primarily treated via surgery with a low likelihood of metastasis. Although wide excision is an excellent choice for local control, tumors located within or close to major joints, along with the benign nature of the disease, make such resection impractical. An increase in local recurrences and the need for multiple surgical procedures promoted the interest in targeted-therapies for this disease. TGCTs contain a mixture of giant cells, mononuclear cells and inflammatory cells, with clonal cytogenetic abnormalities through rearrangements involving 1p11–13. Colony stimulating factor (<em>CSF1</em>) gene encodes for the ligand of CSF1 receptor (CSF1R). The <em>CSF1</em> gene is located at the chromosome 1p13 breakpoint and is found to be translocated in 63%–77% of patients with TGCTs. Selective CSF1R inhibitors yield high response rate and disease control, demonstrating the integration of a new drug development technology that could revolutionize treatment outcomes. </p>
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans‐Induced AIM2 Inflammasome Activation Is Suppressed by Xylitol in Differentiated THP‐1 Macrophages
Authors: Kim Seyeon , Park Mi Hee , Song Yu Ri , Na Hee Sam , Chung Jin 
Published: February 2016

Background: Aggressive periodontitis is characterized by rapid destruction of periodontal tissue caused by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Interleukin (IL)‐1β is a proinflammatory cytokine, and its production is tightly regulated by inflammasome activation. Xylitol, an anticaries agent, is anti‐inflammatory, but its effect on inflammasome activation has not been researched. This study investigates the effect of xylitol on inflammasome activation induced by A. actinomycetemcomitans.Methods: The differentiated THP‐1 macrophages were stimulated by A. actinomycetemcomitans with or without xylitol and the expressions of IL‐1β and inflammasome components were detected by real time PCR, ELISA, confocal microscopy and Immunoblot analysis. The effects of xylitol on the adhesion and invasion of A. actinomycetemcomitans to cells were measured by viable cell count.Results: A. actinomycetemcomitans increased pro IL‐1β synthesis and IL‐1β secretion in a multiplicity of infection‐ and time‐dependent manner. A. actinomycetemcomitans also stimulated caspase‐1 activation. Among inflammasome components, apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) proteins were upregulated by A. actinomycetemcomitans infection. When cells were pretreated with xylitol, proIL‐1β and IL‐1β production by A. actinomycetemcomitans infection was significantly decreased. Xylitol also inhibited ASC and AIM2 proteins and formation of ASC puncta. Furthermore, xylitol suppressed internalization of A. actinomycetemcomitans into differentiated THP‐1 macrophages without affecting viability of A. actinomycetemcomitans within cells.Conclusions: A. actinomycetemcomitans induced IL‐1β production and AIM2 inflammasome activation. Xylitol inhibited these effects, possibly by suppressing internalization of A. actinomycetemcomitans into cells. Thus, this study proposes a mechanism for IL‐1β production via inflammasome activation and discusses a possible use for xylitol in periodontal inflammation caused by A. actinomycetemcomitans.
Pemaknaan Jihad Dan Problem Aplikasinya Dalam Tataran Sosial
Authors: Adnan Patompo 
Published: February 2016

The precise meaning of jihad is confusing to even moslem themselves and, let alone, nonmoslem. Many conceive jihad as a sort of physical war against enemies. Jihad also means conquering and subjugating nonmuslims and forcing them to convert to Islamic faith as their religion. But, if we look at in detail the Quranic verses and the hadith, we shall underline that jihad could also be meant as any kind of holding God’s commands.
Observing religious practices, helping the poor, being patient and all good deeds are also jihad. Jihad in terms of the war is only allowed when muslims are being attacked by enemies, as what now happens in Afghanistan and Palestine. The association of jihad with violence, especially after the September 11 attack in the U.S. is a more political trick of the West, especially the U.S., rather than an exact definition of jihad itself.
Tasawuf Sunda dalam Naskah Asmarandana Ngagurit Kaburu Burit (OR. 7876)
Authors: Rohmana Jajang A. 
Published: February 2016

The spread of Islam in the Archipelago was closely tied to the roles of Sufi ulama. The circulation of Sufi work in Nusantara proves a strong connection between this region and the Middle East. In West Java, a number of these work expose Sufi teachings in the form of Sundanese Sufi literature, such as the work by Haji Hasan Mustafa. He is considered the greatest Sundanese poet whose work features strong influences of wahdat al-wujud. This paper aims to examine Sundanese Sufism expressed in Mustafa’s work of Asmarandana Ngagurit Kaburu Burit. This study shows that this work contains Sufi’s path that explores the self and its encounters with Supreme Being and the self’s diffusion, where there is no longer existence except the One. Mustafa called his Sufi poetry imperfect suluk because it was written in late afternoon. His work reveals local Sufi accommodation to wah}dat al-wujud in Sundanese language and culture.
Wacana Intelektual Muslim Indonesiatentang Kompatibilitas Islam Dengan Demokrasi
Authors: Winengan Winengan 
Published: February 2016

In the beginning era of Islam, contextual and highly abstract terms like democracy was unknown. Therefore, when the term exists and is applied in the context of muslims’ states, it is responded in various ways due to some reasons. First, respond under genealogical reasons that assumes that democracy was first applied in the Western countries as a product of secular and liberal thinking process. Second, respond under philosophical reasons which looks at democracy through its political aspect that is closely related to state power in which people are found as the source of the power. In the meantime, as for a muslims, the dignity of power is in the Hand of Allah, the Creator.
The problem arouses due to the application of democracy in Islam interest some Indonesian Moslem scholars. By using Islamic teaching value study approaches, this article is aimed at describing their opinions about the meaning of term democracy. Among them are M. Amien Rais, Nurcholish Madjid, Ismail Sunny, Syafi’i Ma’arif, Abdoerraoef, Jalaluddin Rakhmat, Muhammad Natsir, Muhammad Tahir Azhary, M. Dawam Rahardjo, Abdurrahman Wahid, and Munawir Sadzali.
Based on their point of views, it seems that they do not question the meaning of democracy genealogically. They agree, even, support the concept of democracy which is understood contemporarily, in terms of the power of majority, people’s voice (political participations), and free and responsible election. About the philosophical definition, although they accept the concept of people power, they still perceive the supremacy of God’s order (Syariah) as the basis and is treated as the highest source of power.
Etanercept Increases Bone Mineral Density in Ankylosing Spondylitis, but Does Not Prevent Vertebral Fractures: Results of a Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: van der Weijden Maria A.C. , van Denderen J. Christiaan , Lems Willem F. , Nurmohamed Michael T. , Dijkmans Ben A.C. , van der Horst-Bruinsma Irene E. 
Published: February 2016

Objective.Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is characterized by chronic inflammation leading to ankylosis, but also to low bone mineral density (BMD) and vertebral fractures (VFx). Treatment with tumor necrosis factor-α blockers decreases inflammation and has shown to be effective in increasing BMD. We studied the effects of etanercept (ETN) on BMD and VFx in patients with AS after 2 years of treatment. Further, we studied changes in bone turnover markers and radiological damage.Methods.Patients with active AS, treated with ETN for 2 years, were included. BMD lumbar spine and hip were measured at baseline and after 2 years, as well as radiological damage (modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score with the addition of the thoracic spine), VFx (Genant method), and change in bone turnover markers.Results.Forty-nine patients with AS were included. After 2 years of ETN, hip BMD increased by 2.2% (p = 0.014) and lumbar spine BMD by 7.0% (p < 0.001). The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index decreased significantly (p < 0.001), as well as C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p < 0.001). Despite ETN therapy, the number of patients with VFx more than doubled (from 6 to 15 patients, p = 0.003). Also, the radiological damage increased significantly over time (from 12.1 to 18.5, p < 0.001); however, no significant change in bone turnover markers was found.Conclusion.This prospective longitudinal observational cohort study showed that after 2 years of ETN, BMD of the hip and spine increased significantly, but the number of patients with VFx and the severity of VFx increased as well. Besides that, radiological progression, including the thoracic spine, increased significantly. Thus, the favorable bone-preserving effect is accompanied by unfavorable outcomes on VFx and radiological damage.
The Influence of Age and Central Foveal Thickness on Foveal Zone Size in Healthy People
Authors: Gong Di , Zou Xuan , Zhang Xiao , Yu Weihong , Qu Yi , Dong Fangtian 
Published: February 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the influence of age and central foveal thickness (CFT) on the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) size in healthy people using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A cross-section study. One hundred thirty-two healthy subjects (224 eyes) were included. All participants underwent examination with OCTA. CFT and FAZ size, including vertical radius (VR), horizontal radius (HR), and area, were measured.

RESULTS:

Linear regression analysis showed a positive correlation between age and FAZ size. The HR, VR, and area had an increase of 0.001 mm (
P
= .002), 0.001 mm (
P
= .001), and 0.001 mm
2
(
P
= .000) each year, respectively. There was a negative correlation between CFT and FAZ size. When the CFT increased per 1 µm, the HR, VR, and area decreased by 0.002 mm (
P
= .000), 0.001 mm (
P
= .000), and 0.003 mm
2
(
P
= .000), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
FAZ size increases with age and decreases with CFT. OCTA is a novel method to study the FAZ in healthy people.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Imaging Lasers Retina
. 2016;47:142–148.]
Post-Marketing Survey of Adverse Events Following Ocriplasmin
Authors: Shah Sumit P. , Jeng-Miller Karen W. , Fine Howard F. , Wheatley H. Matthew , Roth Daniel B. , Prenner Jonathan L. 
Published: February 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To study the post-marketing safety profile of ocriplasmin (Jetrea; ThromboGenics, Iselin, NJ) as experienced by retinal physicians in the United States.

STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Two thousand four hundred sixty-five retinal physicians were surveyed regarding their frequency of use of ocriplasmin and reports of ocular adverse events.

RESULTS:
There were 270 respondents (11%) who reported treating 1,056 eyes with ocriplasmin. The reports of adverse events (AE) were as follows: acute decline in visual acuity (16.95%), development of submacular fluid or serous retinal detachment (10.23%), dyschromatopsia (9.09%), progression of vitreomacular traction to macular hole (8.71%), development of retinal detachment (2.65%), development of retinal tear (1.99%), development of afferent pupillary defect (1.80%), electroretinography abnormalities (0.57%), crystalline lens instability (0.38%), and vasculitis (0.28%).

CONCLUSION:
Although the frequency of some ocular AEs reported in this study are comparable to those reported in the phase 3 registration trials, additional phase 4 safety studies are warranted to better understand the pathophysiology and clinical relevance of ocular AEs of ocriplasmin.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Imaging Lasers Retina
. 2016;47:156–160.]
White Sturgeon Spawning in the San Joaquin River, California, and Effects of Water Management
Authors: Jackson Zachary J. , Gruber Joshua J. , Van Eenennaam Joel P. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Inadequate recruitment is a hallmark of declining sturgeon populations throughout the world. Efforts to understand and address the processes that regulate recruitment are of foremost importance for successful management and recovery. Fish biologists previously only knew San Francisco Estuary white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to spawn in the Sacramento River, California. We assessed potential white sturgeon spawning locations by deploying artificial substrate samplers during late winter and spring of 2011 and 2012 from river kilometers 115.2 to 145.3 of the San Joaquin River. Collections of fertilized eggs, coupled with hydrology data, confirm that white sturgeon spawned within one and four sites in the San Joaquin River during wet (2011; n = 23) and dry (2012; n = 65) water-year conditions. Small pulse flow augmentations intended to benefit juvenile salmonids appear to have triggered white sturgeon spawning within this system. Understanding the effects of water management on spawning and subsequent recruitment is necessary to increase white sturgeon recruitment to the San Francisco Estuary.
Numerical Approaches for Linear Left-invariant Diffusions onSE(2), their Comparison to Exact Solutions, and their Applications in Retinal Imaging
Authors: Zhang Jiong , Duits Remco , Sanguinetti Gonzalo , ter Haar Romeny Bart M. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractLeft-invariant PDE-evolutions on the roto-translation groupSE(2)(and their resolvent equations) have been widely studied in the fields of cortical modeling and image analysis. They include hypo-elliptic diffusion (for contour enhancement) proposed by Citti & Sarti, and Petitot, and they include the direction process (for contour completion) proposed by Mumford. This paper presents a thorough study and comparison of the many numerical approaches, which, remarkably, are missing in the literature. Existing numerical approaches can be classified into 3 categories: Finite difference methods, Fourier based methods (equivalent toSE(2)-Fourier methods), and stochastic methods (Monte Carlo simulations). There are also 3 types of exact solutions to the PDE-evolutions that were derived explicitly (in the spatial Fourier domain) in previous works by Duits and van Almsick in 2005. Here we provide an overview of these 3 types of exact solutions and explain how they relate to each of the 3 numerical approaches. We compute relative errors of all numerical approaches to the exact solutions, and the Fourier based methods show us the best performance with smallest relative errors. We also provide an improvement of Mathematica algorithms for evaluating Mathieu-functions, crucial in implementations of the exact solutions. Furthermore, we include an asymptotical analysis of the singularities within the kernels and we propose a probabilistic extension of underlying stochastic processes that overcomes the singular behavior in the origin of time-integrated kernels. Finally, we show retinal imaging applications of combining left-invariant PDE-evolutions with invertible orientation scores.