bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of employee autonomy for open innovation performance
Authors: Burcharth Ana , Præst Knudsen Mette , Søndergaard Helle Alsted 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how organisational activities that formally provide employees with work autonomy explain the performance of open innovation (OI).Design/methodology/approachThe study reports the results of mediation analyses conducted on the basis of survey data from 307 firms.FindingsThe economic benefits of both inbound and outbound OI are fully captured only if firms provide employees with time, freedom and independence. The results show that employee autonomy fully mediates the relationship between openness and innovation sales, while the adoption of inbound OI is positively associated with the introduction of new products.Practical implicationsThe opening of innovation induces managers to provide employees with discretion, as OI requires high levels of flexibility and experimentation.Originality/valueThe paper addresses theoretically and empirically the role of job design in the implementation of OI, while also distinguishing between the effects of inbound and outbound practices on innovation performance.
Fatigue design of a twin internal combustion engine for a light helicopter by a CAE-based approach
Authors: Gilioli Andrea , Braconi Dario , Guagliano Mario 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to apply a computer-aided engineering approach in order to improve the performance and the reliability of an innovative internal combustion engine. The engine is called twin engine packs system and it consists into the presence of two independent piston engines working in the same crankcase, thus allowing the helicopter to meet the safety standards of the fail-safe design approach, as happens with the twin-turbine helicopters, but with reduced operative costs. The goal is to propose to the designers modifications aimed to improve the performance of the components.

Design/methodology/approach
The crankshaft, connecting rod and the piston of the engine have been investigated by means of numerical FE models. Numerical fatigue assessments have been performed along with vibrational modes and buckling analysis in order to verify the structural integrity of the system.

Findings
On the basis of the numerical results, some modifications have been proposed to the designers and the originally proposed geometry has been modified. Eventually, the mass of the engine has been reduced keeping a high reliability level.

Practical implications
The prototype of the engine has been built following the modifications proposed in this paper. This paper represents a comprehensive application of a CAE methodology to a real industrial application.

Originality/value
This paper shows a complete CAE procedure applied to a real working engine whose performances and reliability have been improved by following the findings of this paper.
National Registration of Health Practitioners: A Comparative Study of the Complaints and Notification System Under the National System and in New South Wales – Decision Makers who Handle Complaints/Notifications About Regulated Health Practitioners in Australia
Authors: Chiarella Mary , Nagy Marie , Satchell Claudette S. , Walton Merrilyn , Carney Terry , Bennett Belinda , Pierce Suzanne M. , Kelly Patrick J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWhen the National Registration and Accreditation Scheme (NRAS) for health practitioners commenced in Australia in 2010, all jurisdictions joined the scheme for the registration and accreditation of health practitioners, but NSW retained its existing co‐regulatory complaint‐handling system. We sought to compare the new National notifications and the NSW complaints handling processes, as NSW has an independent investigative and prosecutory body to manage serious complaints. Decision makers from both the National and NSW schemes, who handled notifications/complaints at assessment, were invited to participate in a survey consisting of case studies. A qualitative thematic approach was used to determine and compare contributing factors to decision makers’ priorities when assessing a notification/complaint for the National and NSW schemes. The 123 completed surveys comprised 50 NSW respondents and 73 National respondents from the other jurisdictions. No consistent differences in contributory factors when assessing a complaint/notification were observed between the two schemes. This evidence points towards national consistency in decisions about assessment of complaints and notifications in Australia.
Entomopathogenic nematodes as potential biological control agents of Popillia japonica (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) in Piedmont Region (Italy)
Authors: Marianelli L. , Paoli F. , Torrini G. , Mazza G. , Benvenuti C. , Binazzi F. , Sabbatini Peverieri G. , Bosio G. , Venanzio D. , Giacometto E. , Priori S. , Koppenhöfer A. M. , Roversi P. F. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn 2014, the Japanese beetle Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) was first spotted in northern Italy in the Nature Park of the Ticino Valley, its first detection in continental Europe. This polyphagous invasive species has the potential to cause serious losses to horticulture and agriculture. Particularly for its management in a Nature Park, environmentally friendly strategies are necessary. To develop baseline data for a biological control approach to the Italian outbreak of P. japonica, we conducted laboratory and field experiments testing several indigenous and commercial strains of the entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) species Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema carpocapsae against P. japonica larvae. In the laboratory, strains of H. bacteriophora caused greater mortality (ranging from 57% to 100%) than those of S. carpocapsae (3% to 77%). In micro‐plot field tests carried out at three different times, the most virulent indigenous EPN strain, H. bacteriophora ItH‐LU1, showed again the best results ranging from 44% to 93% against young larvae. Finally, in a large‐plot field trial, the commercial H. bacteriophora product provided 46% larval mortality. This study shows that H. bacteriophora strains have good potential as biological control agents of larvae of the invasive P. japonica in northern Italy.
Effectiveness of aromatic plant species for repelling and preventing oviposition of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
Authors: Wagan T. A. , He Y. P. , Long M. , Chakira H. , Zhao J. , Hua H. X. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study assesses the effectiveness of essential oils for repelling whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), and deterring oviposition. We evaluated essential oils from four plants: Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae), Litsea cubeba (Lauraceae), Piper nigrum (Piperaceae) and Zanthoxylum bungeanum (Rutaceae), under laboratory and glasshouse conditions. In the laboratory, ethanol‐extracted essential oils were applied uniformly on both sides of a tomato leaf in the treatment groups, and the same volume of liquid but without essential oil was used for the control. Results showed that essential oils from L. cubeba, P. nigrum, C. longa and Z. bungeanum provided some repellency of whiteflies and reduced oviposition. Oils from L. cubeba repelled adult females (69.14% and 62.49% repellency at 24 and 48 hr, respectively), and oils from C. longa deterred oviposition (68.46% and 65.94% at 24 and 48 hr exposures, respectively). In the glasshouse, potted tomato plants with eight leaves were sprayed with treatments and control material. Five‐day‐old adult female whiteflies were released in a cage between both pots. Essential oils from L. cubeba repelled females 54.77 at 24 hr and P. nigrum 44.37% at 48 hr whereas oils from P. nigrum reduced oviposition by 43.35 at 24 hr and Z. bungeanum 21.08% at 48 hr, under glasshouse conditions. Essential oils show potential to be used to reduce feeding and oviposition, and thus being important components of integrated pest management programs. However, future research is needed to investigate individual compounds of these oils against whitefly, and to enhance their effectiveness.
Diel flight pattern and size‐dependent flight speed of kudzu bug, Megacopta cribraria (Fabricius)
Authors: Merwin A. C. , Yilmaz A. R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractKudzu bug, Megacopta cribraria (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), was introduced to North America in 2009 and has since spread across the eastern and south‐eastern United States, where it poses an economic threat to leguminous crop production, especially soya bean. However, we still lack an understanding of many basic aspects of their flight‐related biology, including descriptions of their pattern of diel flight activity, their dispersal capacity and the determinants of each. Using cross‐vane bucket traps and flight mills, we found that kudzu bug exhibits a diel flight activity pattern in the field that is well characterized by temperature and a quadratic relationship with time of day. In general, the number of adults collected in the cross‐vane bucket traps rose from 07:30 and declined from 17:30 to 19:30. No kudzu bugs were collected before 07:30 or after 19:30 during any of the replicates. We also demonstrate on flight mills that females fly faster than males, and that this difference is due to differences in their size. These basic biological findings may help to inform management decisions and improve our understanding of the invasion dynamics of M. cribraria.
Identification of risk factors for sessile and traditional serrated adenomas of the colon by using big data analysis
Authors: Pyo Jeung Hui , Ha Sang Yun , Hong Sung Noh , Chang Dong Kyung , Son Hee Jung , Kim Kyoung‐Mee , Kim Hyeseung , Kim Kyunga , Kim Jee Eun , Choi Yoon‐Ho , Kim Young‐Ho 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackground and AimLittle is known about the risk factors associated with serrated polyps, because the early studies, which occurred before the new World Health Organization classification was introduced, included mixtures of serrated polyps. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with the presence of sessile serrated adenomas (SSAs) and traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs) using big data analytics.MethodsUsing a case–control design, we evaluated the risk factors associated with the presence of SSAs and TSAs. Subjects who underwent colonoscopies from 2002 to 2012 as part of the comprehensive health screening programs undertaken at the Samsung Medical Center, Korea, participated in this study.ResultsOf the 48 677 individuals who underwent colonoscopies, 183 (0.4%) had SSAs and 212 (0.4%) had TSAs. The multivariate analysis determined that being aged ≥ 50 years (odds ratio [OR] 1.91, 95% confidential interval [CI] 1.27–2.90, P = 0.002) and a history of colorectal cancer among first‐degree relatives (OR 3.14, 95% CI 1.57–6.27, P = 0.001) were significant risk factors associated with the presence of SSAs and that being aged ≥ 50 years (OR 2.61, 95% CI 1.79–3.80, P < 0.001), obesity (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.12–2.36, P = 0.010), and a higher triglyceride level (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.12–2.36, P = 0.010) were independent risk factors associated with the presence of TSAs.ConclusionsWe used big data analytics to determine the risk factors associated with the presence of specific polyp subgroups, and individuals who have these risk factors should be carefully scrutinized for the presence of SSAs or TSAs during screening colonoscopies.
Dermatological and environmental toxicological impact of the sunscreen ingredient oxybenzone/benzophenone‐3
Authors: DiNardo Joseph C , Downs Craig A 
Published: October 2017

SummaryOxybenzone (Benzophenone‐3) is an emerging human and environmental contaminant used in sunscreens and personal care products to help minimize the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation. The Center for Disease Control fourth national report on human exposure to environmental chemicals demonstrated that approximately 97% of the people tested have oxybenzone present in their urine, and independent scientists have reported various concentrations in waterways and fish worldwide. Oxybenzone can also react with chlorine, producing hazardous by‐products that can concentrate in swimming pools and wastewater treatment plants. Moreover, adverse reactions could very well be increased by the closed loop of ingesting fish contaminated with oxybenzone and/or washing the ingredient off our bodies and having it return in drinking water as treatment plants do not effectively remove the chemical as part of their processing protocols. In humans, oxybenzone has been reported to produce contact and photocontact allergy reactions, implemented as a possible endocrine disruptor and has been linked to Hirschsprung's disease. Environmentally, oxybenzone has been shown to produce a variety of toxic reactions in coral and fish ranging from reef bleaching to mortality. Lastly, with the rise in skin cancer rates and the availability of more effective sunscreen actives such as micronized zinc oxide and titanium dioxide, serious doubts about the relative prevention benefit of personal care products containing oxybenzone must be raised and compared with the potential negative health and environmental effects caused by the accumulation of this and other chemicals in the ecosystem.
Analysis of Shade Matching in Natural Dentitions Using Intraoral Digital Spectrophotometer in LED and Filtered LED Light Sources
Authors: Chitrarsu Vijai Krishnan , Chidambaranathan Ahila Singaravel , Balasubramaniam Muthukumar 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the shade matching capabilities in natural dentitions using Vita Toothguide 3D‐Master and an intraoral digital spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade Advance 4.0) in various light sources.Materials and MethodsParticipants between 20 and 40 years old with natural, unrestored right maxillary central incisors, no history of bleaching, orthodontic treatment, or malocclusion and no rotations were included. According to their shades, subjects were randomly selected and grouped into A1, A2, and A3. A total of 100 participants (50 male and 50 female) in each group were chosen for this study. Shade selection was made between 10 am and 2 pm for all light sources. The same examiner selected the shade of natural teeth with Vita Toothguide 3D‐Master under natural light within 2 minutes. Once the Vita Toothguide 3D‐Masterwas matched with the maxillary right central incisor, the L*, a*, and b* values, chroma, and hue were recorded with Vita Easyshade Advance 4.0 by placing it on the shade tab under the same light source. The values were statistically analyzed using one‐way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD post hoc test with SPSS v22.0 software.ResultsThe mean ∆E*ab values for shades A1, A2, and A3 for groups 1, 2, and 3 were statistically significantly different from each other (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe intraoral digital spectrophotometer showed statistically significant differences in shade matching compared to Vita Toothguide 3D‐Master. Incandescent light showed more accurate shade matching than the filtered LED, LED, and daylight.
Synergistic effect of photodynamic therapy and alendronate on alveolar bone loss in rats with ligature‐induced periodontitis
Authors: Camacho‐Alonso F. , Davia‐Peña R. S. , Vilaplana‐Vivo C. , Tudela‐Mulero M. R. , Merino J. J. , Martínez‐Beneyto Y. 
Published: October 2017

Background and ObjectivePhotodynamic therapy (PDT) and antiresorptive drugs, such as alendronate (ALN), have been shown to reduce alveolar bone loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible synergic effects of combining PDT and ALN on bone loss in periodontitis in rats.Material and MethodsPeriodontitis was induced by ligature in 60 Wistar rats randomized into the following groups: control (Group 1); PDT (Group 2); ALN 0.01 mg/kg (Group 3); ALN 0.25 mg/kg (Group 4); PDT + ALN 0.01 mg/kg (Group 5); and PDT + ALN 0.25 mg/kg (Group 6). The rats were killed on day 12 and the mandibles were processed for macroscopic morphometric analysis, micro‐computed tomography to analyze bone mineral density (BMD) and histological analysis. Gingival samples were collected to evaluate myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malonaldehyde (MDA) levels.ResultsBone loss and inflammatory activity in histological studies, from the greatest to least was: control > ALN 0.01 mg/kg > PDT > ALN 0.25 mg/kg > PDT + ALN 0.01 mg/kg > PDT + ALN 0.25 mg/kg, while the order from least to greatest BMD was: control < ALN 0.01 mg/kg < PDT < ALN 0.25 mg/kg < PDT + ALN 0.01 mg/kg < PDT + ALN 0.25 mg/kg. The order of MPO and MDA activity from greatest to least was: control > ALN 0.01 mg/kg > PDT > ALN 0.25 mg/kg > PDT + ALN 0.01 mg/kg > PDT + ALN 0.25 mg/kg. The positive results obtained in the group treated with PDT + ALN 0.25 mg/kg showed statistically significant differences (P ≤ .05) compared with the other 5 groups for BMD, MPO and MDA.ConclusionCombined approach therapy of PDT + ALN 0.25 mg/kg demonstrated a protective effect on alveolar bone loss.
The Emergence of the Allophonic Perception of Unfamiliar Speech Sounds: The Effects of Contextual Distribution and Phonetic Naturalness
Authors: Noguchi Masaki , Kam Carla L. Hudson 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn human languages, different speech sounds can be contextual variants of a single phoneme, called allophones. Learning which sounds are allophones is an integral part of the acquisition of phonemes. Whether given sounds are separate phonemes or allophones in a listener's language affects speech perception. Listeners tend to be less sensitive to acoustic differences between sounds that are allophones. This study investigated the mechanisms behind the learning of allophones by looking at adults’ sensitivity to acoustic differences between two unfamiliar sounds when they were exposed to input in which the sounds behave like separate phonemes versus allophones in terms of their contextual distribution. The results of two experiments showed that adults became less sensitive to acoustic differences between two unfamiliar sounds after being exposed to input in which the sounds were in complementary distribution and that the emergence of allophonic perception was constrained by the phonetic naturalness of complementary distribution.
Genomics and telemetry suggest a role for migration harshness in determining overwintering habitat choice, but not gene flow, in anadromous Arctic Char
Authors: Moore Jean‐Sébastien , Harris Les N. , Le Luyer Jérémy , Sutherland Ben J.G. , Rougemont Quentin , Tallman Ross F. , Fisk Aaron T. , Bernatchez Louis 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMigration is a ubiquitous life history trait with profound evolutionary and ecological consequences. Recent developments in telemetry and genomics, when combined, can bring significant insights on the migratory ecology of nonmodel organisms in the wild. Here, we used this integrative approach to document dispersal, gene flow and potential for local adaptation in anadromous Arctic Char from six rivers in the Canadian Arctic. Acoustic telemetry data from 124 tracked individuals indicated asymmetric dispersal, with a large proportion of fish (72%) tagged in three different rivers migrating up the same short river in the fall. Population genomics data from 6,136 SNP markers revealed weak, albeit significant, population differentiation (average pairwise FST = 0.011) and asymmetric dispersal was also revealed by population assignments. Approximate Bayesian computation simulations suggested the presence of asymmetric gene flow, although in the opposite direction to that observed from the telemetry data, suggesting that dispersal does not necessarily lead to gene flow. These observations suggested that Arctic Char home to their natal river to spawn, but may overwinter in rivers with the shortest migratory route to minimize the costs of migration in nonbreeding years. Genome scans and genetic–environment associations identified 90 outlier markers putatively under selection, 23 of which were in or near a gene. Of these, at least four were involved in muscle and cardiac function, consistent with the hypothesis that migratory harshness could drive local adaptation. Our study illustrates the power of integrating genomics and telemetry to study migrations in nonmodel organisms in logistically challenging environments such as the Arctic.
Rhizosphere‐associated Pseudomonas induce systemic resistance to herbivores at the cost of susceptibility to bacterial pathogens
Authors: Haney Cara H. , Wiesmann Christina L. , Shapiro Lori R. , Melnyk Ryan A. , O'Sullivan Lucy R. , Khorasani Sophie , Xiao Li , Han Jiatong , Bush Jenifer , Carrillo Juli , Pierce Naomi E. , Ausubel Frederick M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPlant‐associated soil microbes are important mediators of plant defence responses to diverse above‐ground pathogen and insect challengers. For example, closely related strains of beneficial rhizosphere Pseudomonas spp. can induce systemic resistance (ISR), systemic susceptibility (ISS) or neither against the bacterial foliar pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pto DC3000). Using a model system composed of root‐associated Pseudomonas spp. strains, the foliar pathogen Pto DC3000 and the herbivore Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper), we found that rhizosphere‐associated Pseudomonas spp. that induce either ISS and ISR against Pto DC3000 all increased resistance to herbivory by T. ni. We found that resistance to T. ni and resistance to Pto DC3000 are quantitative metrics of the jasmonic acid (JA)/salicylic acid (SA) trade‐off and distinct strains of rhizosphere‐associated Pseudomonas spp. have distinct effects on the JA/SA trade‐off. Using genetic analysis and transcriptional profiling, we provide evidence that treatment of Arabidopsis with Pseudomonas sp. CH267, which induces ISS against bacterial pathogens, tips the JA/SA trade‐off towards JA‐dependent defences against herbivores at the cost of a subset of SA‐mediated defences against bacterial pathogens. In contrast, treatment of Arabidopsis with the ISR strain Pseudomonas sp. WCS417 disrupts JA/SA antagonism and simultaneously primes plants for both JA‐ and SA‐mediated defences. Our findings show that ISS against the bacterial foliar pathogens triggered by Pseudomonas sp. CH267, which is a seemingly deleterious phenotype, may in fact be an adaptive consequence of increased resistance to herbivory. Our work shows that pleiotropic effects of microbiome modulation of plant defences are important to consider when using microbes to modify plant traits in agriculture.