bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping of Intracerebral Hemorrhages at Various Stages
Authors: Chang Shixin , Zhang Jingwei , Liu Tian , Tsiouris Apostolos John , Shou Jian , Nguyen Thanh , Leifer Dana , Wang Yi , Kovanlikaya Ilhami 
Published: December 2015

PurposeTo investigate the magnetic susceptibility of intracerebral hemorrhages (ICH) at various stages by applying quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM).Materials and MethodsBlood susceptibility was measured serially using QSM after venous blood withdrawal from healthy subjects. Forty‐two patients who provided written consent were recruited in this Institutional Review Board‐approved study. Gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of the 42 patients (17 females; 64 ± 12 years) with ICH were processed with QSM. The susceptibilities of various blood products within hematomas were measured on QSM.ResultsBlood susceptibility continually increased and reached a plateau 96 hours after venous blood withdrawal. Hematomas at all stages were consistently hyperintense on QSM. Susceptibility was 0.57 ± 0.48, 1.30 ± 0.33, 1.14 ± 0.46, 0.40 ± 0.13, and 0.71 ± 0.31 ppm for hyperacute, acute, early subacute, late subacute, and chronic stages of hematomas, respectively. The susceptibility decrease from early subacute (1.14 ppm) to late subacute (0.4 ppm) was significant (P < 0.01).ConclusionQSM reveals positive susceptibility in hyperacute hematomas, indicating that even at their hyperacute stage, deoxyhemoglobin may exist throughout the hematoma volume, not just at its rim, as seen on conventional
imaging. QSM also reveals a reduction of susceptibility from early subacute to late subacute ICH, suggesting that methemoglobin concentration decreases at the late subacute stage. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:420–425.
Protective effects of β‐casofensin, a bioactive peptide from bovine β‐casein, against indomethacin‐induced intestinal lesions in rats
Authors: Bessette Claudine , Benoit Bérengère , Sekkal Soraya , Bruno Jérémie , Estienne Monique , Léonil Joelle , Ferrier Laurent , Théodorou Vassilia , Plaisancié Pascale 
Published: December 2015

Scopeβ‐casofensin, also known as peptide β‐CN(94‐123), is a milk bioactive peptide that modulates the intestinal barrier through its action on goblet cells. Here, we evaluated whether oral administration of β‐casofensin can prevent indomethacin‐induced injury of the jejunum in rats.Methods and resultsRats received β‐casofensin (0.01–100 μM) or tap water by daily gavage (4 μL/g) for eight days, then two subcutaneous injections of indomethacin (10 mg/kg, days 9 and 10) and were euthanized on day 12. In vitro, we investigated the effects of β‐casofensin on the restitution of a wounded monolayer. Preventive administration of β‐casofensin (100 μM) reduced intestinal macroscopic and microscopic damage induced by indomethacin. β‐casofensin also prevented the depletion of goblet cells and increased myeloperoxidase activity, as well as tumor necrosis factor‐ɑ (TNF‐ɑ) expression and immunostaining of active caspase‐3 in the jejunum of rats treated with indomethacin. In wound healing experiments, β‐casofensin promoted epithelial restitution with no effect on cell proliferation. This effect was inhibited by pre‐incubation with an anti‐CC chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) neutralizing antibody.Conclusionsβ‐casofensin exerts protective effects in indomethacin‐induced enteritis through preservation of goblet cells and improvement in wound healing. β‐casofensin could therefore become vital in nutritional programs for the prevention of intestinal diseases.
Patterns of early dietary exposures have implications for maternal and child weight outcomes
Authors: Rose Chelsea M. , Savage Jennifer S. , Birch Leann L. 
Published: December 2015

ObjectiveThis article examines relations between patterns of dietary exposures at 9 months and infant and maternal weight status at 1 year postpartum.MethodsParticipants were part of the Infant Feeding Practices Study II and included 1807 mothers participating through the first year postpartum. All data were self‐reported monthly by mothers. Latent class analysis was conducted to identify patterns of infant dietary exposures at 9 months. Factors that predicted dietary pattern class membership were examined including infant sleep and parity. Dietary pattern membership was used to predict child and maternal weight outcomes at 1 year postpartum.ResultsFive patterns of dietary exposures were identified, characterized by differences in milk‐feeding and solid foods at 9 months: “Breastfed Fruits and Vegetables,” “Breastfed Low Variety,” “Formula‐Fed Fruits and Vegetables,” “Formula‐Fed Low Variety,” and “Mixed High Energy Density.” Infants in the Mixed High Energy Density dietary pattern were more likely to be overweight at 1 year.ConclusionsDietary classes that capture different combinations of several aspects of infant feeding may be more useful than single dietary predictors, for example, breastfeeding, formula‐feeding, or early introduction to solids, to describe differences in infants' early dietary experience and risk for overweight.
Ear wound regeneration in the African spiny mouse Acomys cahirinus
Authors: Matias Santos Dino , Rita Ana Martins , Casanellas Ignasi , Brito Ova Adélia , Araújo Inês Maria , Power Deborah , Tiscornia Gustavo 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWhile regeneration occurs in a number of taxonomic groups across the Metazoa, there are very few reports of regeneration in mammals, which generally respond to wounding with fibrotic scarring rather than regeneration. A recent report described skin shedding, skin regeneration and extensive ear punch closure in two rodent species, Acomys kempi and Acomys percivali. We examined these striking results by testing the capacity for regeneration of a third species, Acomys cahirinus, and found a remarkable capacity to repair full thickness circular punches in the ear pinna. Four‐millimeter‐diameter wounds closed completely in 2 months in 100% of ear punches tested. Histology showed extensive formation of elastic cartilage, adipose tissue, dermis, epidermis and abundant hair follicles in the repaired region. Furthermore, we demonstrated abundant angiogenesis and unequivocal presence of both muscle and nerve fibers in the reconstituted region; in contrast, similar wounds in C57BL/6 mice simply healed the borders of the cut by fibrotic scarring. Our results confirm the regenerative capabilities of Acomys, and suggest this model merits further attention.
Twist-1 Enhances Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Support of Hematopoiesis by Modulating CXCL12 Expression
Authors: Arthur Agnieszka , Cakouros Dimitrios , Cooper Lachlan , Nguyen Thao , Isenmann Sandra , Zannettino Andrew C.W. , Glackin Carlotta A. , Gronthos Stan 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Twist-1 encodes a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, known to contribute to mesodermal and skeletal tissue development. We have reported previously that Twist-1 maintains multipotent human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSC) in an immature state, enhances their life-span, and influences cell fate determination. In this study, human BMSC engineered to express high levels of Twist-1 were found to express elevated levels of the chemokine, CXCL12. Analysis of the CXCL12 proximal promoter using chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis identified several E-box DNA sites bound by Twist-1. Functional studies using a luciferase reporter construct showed that Twist-1 increased CXCL12 promoter activity in a dose dependent manner. Notably, Twist-1 over-expressing BMSC exhibited an enhanced capacity to maintain human CD34 + hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in long-term culture-initiating cell (LTC-IC) assays. Moreover, the observed increase in HSC maintenance by Twist-1 over-expressing BMSC was blocked in the presence of the CXCL12 inhibitor, AMD3100. Supportive studies, using Twist-1 deficient heterozygous mice demonstrated a significant decrease in the frequency of stromal progenitors and increased numbers of osteoblasts within the bone. These observations correlated to a decreased incidence in the number of clonogenic stromal progenitors (colony forming unit–fibroblasts) and lower levels of CXCL12 in Twist-1 mutant mice. Furthermore, Twist-1 deficient murine stromal feeder layers, exhibited a significant decrease in CXCL12 levels and lower numbers of hematopoietic colonies in LTC-IC assays, compared with wild type controls. These findings demonstrate that Twist-1, which maintains BMSC at an immature state, endows them with an increased capacity for supporting hematopoiesis via direct activation of CXCL12 gene expression.
Developing a Model of Advanced Training to Promote Career Advancement for Certified Genetic Counselors: An Investigation of Expanded Skills, Advanced Training Paths, and Professional Opportunities
Authors: Baty Bonnie J. , Trepanier Angela , Bennett Robin L. , Davis Claire , Erby Lori , Hippman Catriona , Lerner Barbara , Matthews Anne , Myers Melanie F. , Robbins Carol B. , Singletary Claire N. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThere are currently multiple paths through which genetic counselors can acquire advanced knowledge and skills. However, outside of continuing education opportunities, there are few formal training programs designed specifically for the advanced training of genetic counselors. In the genetic counseling profession, there is currently considerable debate about the paths that should be available to attain advanced skills, as well as the skills that might be needed for practice in the future. The Association of Genetic Counseling Program Directors (AGCPD) convened a national committee, the Committee on Advanced Training for Certified Genetic Counselors (CATCGC), to investigate varied paths to post‐master's training and career development. The committee began its work by developing three related grids that view career advancement from the viewpoints of the skills needed to advance (skills), ways to obtain these skills (paths), and existing genetic counselor positions that offer career change or advancement (positions). Here we describe previous work related to genetic counselor career advancement, the charge of the CATCGC, our preliminary work in developing a model through which to view genetic counselor advanced training and career advancement opportunities, and our next steps in further developing and disseminating the model.
Testicular function among testicular cancer survivors treated with cisplatin‐based chemotherapy
Authors: Namekawa Takeshi , Imamoto Takashi , Kato Mayuko , Sazuka Tomokazu , Fuse Miki , Sakamoto Shinichi , Kawamura Koji , Ichikawa Tomohiko 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPurposeThe aim of our study was to identify the clinical predictors of spermatogenesis recovery in testicular cancer (TC) patients after chemotherapy and to determine the recuperation period for spermatogenesis.MethodsPatients treated for TC from January 1982 to November 2001 at Chiba University Hospital were retrospectively assessed. Thirty‐five patients who met the following criteria were examined—(i) underwent both high orchiectomy and cisplatin‐based chemotherapy; (ii) had semen analyses and hormonal measurements; and (iii) were alive with no evidence of disease. Clinical variables associated with normalization of spermatogenesis after chemotherapy were examined. Time to recover normospermia was also evaluated using Kaplan–Meier analysis.ResultsThe observation period was 13.3 ± 5.6 years. Reappearance of sperm was confirmed in 85.7 % of patients, and 54.3 % of patients recovered normospermia. Age at diagnosis <25 years (p = 0.0057), number of chemotherapy cycles <4 cycles (p = 0.0042), and follicle‐stimulating hormone at the end of chemotherapy <18 mIU/ml (p = 0.0220) were independent factors related to post‐chemotherapy normalization of semen findings. The median (95 % CI) time to recover normospermia was 40 (range 22–96) months.ConclusionsThese findings help to predict whether spermatogenesis will recover and its timing. They may also help clinicians identify and manage TC patients at a higher risk of prolonged azoospermia after chemotherapy.
Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma: Early termination versus standard termination of ablation procedure
Authors: Cheng Ya‐Ting , Ong Arlinking , Lin Chen‐Chun , Lin Chun‐Jung , Chen Wei‐Ting , Lin Shi‐Ming 
Published: December 2015

SummaryObjectiveTo compare the effectiveness of early termination (ET) and standard termination (ST) of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using internally cooled electrodes.MethodsEighty‐three treatment naïve patients with HCC with 101 index tumor underwent RFA. ET was defined as termination of ablation if after 6 minutes the power emission was < 10 seconds for three times per minute under maximal power. Standard termination was defined as termination of ablation according to manufactures’ algorithms of 12 minutes’ procedure. Primary end point was complete ablation of index tumor after 4 weeks of RFA.ResultsNineteen patients (22.9%) underwent ET and 64 patients (77.1%) underwent ST. The mean size of the index tumor was 2.2 + 0.9 cm. Patient had complete ablation of the index tumor at 92.0% for the ET and 88.2% for the ST (p = 0.593). Eight of 25 (32.0%) for the ET and 18 of 73 (24.7%) for the ST group had local tumor progression on last follow‐up (p = 0.473). After a median follow‐up of 23 weeks (range, 9–33 weeks), the 24 weeks cumulative probability of local tumor progression was not different between ET (46.2%) and ST (25.6%; p = 0.387). Complete ablation at 4 weeks was the only independent factor associated with local tumor progression (adjusted hazard ratio 0.04, 95% confidence interval 0.01–0.16, p < 0.001).ConclusionUsing ET in RFA is as effective as the ST in achieving complete ablation and local tumor progression.
Factors Disrupting the Preference Card Management Process: A Root Cause Analysis
Authors: Dizon Jennifer M. , Richesson Rachel L. , Lytle Kathryn S. , Hawks Sharon J. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPreference cards, the nexus of an efficient OR, help ensure that OR personnel have what they need to safely and efficiently care for surgical patients. In June 2013, a new electronic health record (EHR) was implemented in the ORs of the Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina. Although it was an integrated system, the EHR disrupted supply management in the OR, which affected the availability of correct resources. The project team performed a process‐improvement project using root cause analysis (RCA) to identify the factors that led to the disruption in the preference card management process for orthopedic surgical procedures. Team members identified that a chief cause of resource disruption was the mistiming of interface messages that created the pick lists and requisition forms. Based on the results of the RCA, the project team developed and implemented recommendations for process improvement.
Effect of intranasal steroids on rhinosinusitis after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: clinical study
Authors: Feng S , Fan Y , Liang Z , Yang G , Liao Z , Guo L 
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjective:Post-irradiation rhinosinusitis is one of the most common untoward side effects in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray on post-irradiation rhinosinusitis.Methods:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients who had undergone radiotherapy and subsequently developed chronic rhinosinusitis were randomised to receive either fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray 200 µg plus nasal irrigation or a single nasal irrigation, for six months. A questionnaire, nasal endoscopy and computed tomography were used to evaluate rhinosinusitis severity, at the beginning of treatment, and at three and six months after treatment.Results:The group who received fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray combined with irrigation had fewer nasal complaints (overall symptoms, blocked nose and headache were reduced), a better quality of life and less severe endoscopic findings than those who only received nasal irrigation at three and six months after treatment.Conclusion:Nasal steroids are a safe and effective therapy for patients with post-irradiation rhinosinusitis.
Role of two sequence motifs of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor in its survival-promoting activity
Authors: Mätlik K , Yu Li-ying , Eesmaa A , Hellman M , Lindholm P , Peränen J , Galli E , Anttila J , Saarma M , Permi P , Airavaara M , Arumäe U 
Published: December 2015

AbstractMesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is a prosurvival protein that protects the cells when applied intracellularlyin vitroor extracellularlyin vivo. Its protective mechanisms are poorly known. Here we studied the role of two short sequence motifs within the carboxy-(C) terminal domain of MANF in its neuroprotective activity: the CKGC sequence (a CXXC motif) that could be involved in redox reactions, and the C-terminal RTDL sequence, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal. We mutated these motifs and analyzed the antiapoptotic effect and intracellular localization of these mutants of MANF when overexpressed in cultured sympathetic or sensory neurons. As anin vivomodel for studying the effect of these mutants after their extracellular application, we used the rat model of cerebral ischemia. Even though we found no evidence for oxidoreductase activity of MANF, the mutation of CXXC motif completely abolished its protective effect, showing that this motif is crucial for both MANF’s intracellular and extracellular activity. The RTDL motif was not needed for the neuroprotective activity of MANF after its extracellular application in the stroke modelin vivo. However,in vitrothe deletion of RTDL motif inactivated MANF in the sympathetic neurons where the mutant protein localized to Golgi, but not in the sensory neurons where the mutant localized to the ER, showing that intracellular MANF protects these peripheral neuronsin vitroonly when localized to the ER.
Effect of different oxide thickness on the bending Young’s modulus of SiO2@SiC nanowires
Authors: Ma Jinyao , Liu Yanping , Hao Peida , Wang Jin , Zhang Yuefei 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe surface or sheath effect on core-shell nanowires plays an important role in the nanomechanical test. In the past few years, SiC nanowires have been synthesized using various methods with an uneven and uncontrollable amorphous silicon dioxide sheath. The bending Young’s modulus of the SiC nanowires has scarcely been measured and the effect of the oxide sheath has not been taken into account. In this paper, SiO2-coated SiC (SiO2@SiC) nanowires were synthesized using the chemical vapor deposition method, followed by thermal reduction. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy show that the SiO2@SiC nanowires in this paper have diameters ranging from 130 ~ 150 nm, with the average thickness of SiO2 layer approximately 14 nm. After different processing times with 1 mol/L NaOH, approximately 5 nm, 9 nm, 14 nm silicon dioxide layers were obtained. The results of the three-point-bending test show that the modulus of SiO2@SiC nanowires is found to clearly decrease with the increase in oxide thickness and the influence of the oxide sheath should not be ignored when the layer thickness is above 5 nm. Young’s modulus of the SiO2@SiC nanowires calculated in this study by the core-shell structure model is in good agreement with the theoretical value.
Nonnative SOD1 trimer is toxic to motor neurons in a model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Proctor Elizabeth A. , Fee Lanette , Tao Yazhong , Redler Rachel L. , Fay James M. , Zhang Yuliang , Lv Zhengjian , Mercer Ian P. , Deshmukh Mohanish , Lyubchenko Yuri L. , Dokholyan Nikolay V. 
Published: December 2015

Significance
Protein aggregation is a hallmark of neurodegenerative disease and is hypothesized to cause neuron death. Despite extensive study of disease-associated aggregating proteins, mechanisms of neuron death remain a mystery, and no cures or effective treatments yet exist. Here, we demonstrate the toxicity of a small aggregate of the Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) protein, associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We present an experimentally verified structural model of this toxic species and show that SOD1 mutants designed to promote formation of this aggregate increase cell death, providing a direct link between aggregate presence and neuron death. Knowledge of toxic species and the ability to manipulate their formation provides a valuable direction for pursuit of therapeutic strategies in ALS.
Production of a YY Male Brook Trout Broodstock for Potential Eradication of Undesired Brook Trout Populations
Authors: Schill Daniel J , Heindel Jeff A , Campbell Matthew R , Meyer Kevin A , Mamer Elizabeth R J M 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis introduced outside of their native range often negatively impact native aquatic fauna or provide marginal fisheries and are frequently targeted for manual or piscicide removal in lakes and streams. Unfortunately, complete eradication of exotic Brook Trout populations via these methods is rarely achieved; new approaches are needed. A potential alternative is a Trojan Y Chromosome (TYC) program in which hatchery-produced genetically YY male fish would be regularly released into an undesired population over time, skewing the population towards 100% males, theoretically resulting in wild population extirpation. We developed two genetic sex markers for Brook Trout and employed juvenile sex reversal methods commonly used in commercial aquaculture to develop a YY broodstock that can produce offspring for possible future use as biological control agents. Our search for genetic sex markers proved successful, with genotypic sex determination for two assays matching the observed phenotype for 90 out of 90 individuals. In the first phase of the program, estradiol-infused feed readily feminized genetic XY males into neofemales (FXY fish) at a high rate (99.6%; n = 224). Survival of progeny from such egg-laying FXY fish averaged 88% to eye-up and 91% from eye-up to ponding, values similar to untreated Brook Trout reared at the same facility. In the second program phase, we cultured both sperm- and egg-producing supermales (YY fish), a vital step towards development of TYC technology on a large aquaculture scale. Results showed that, in the hatchery, estradiol treatment does not reduce Brook Trout growth. This study demonstrates that hatchery production of a YY Brook Trout broodstock is feasible, modest in cost (less than US$10,000), and can be completed in 4 years. Although several hurdles remain before a full-scale stocking program could occur, we believe that future work on the TYC strategy for Brook Trout is warranted.