bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Legitimizing Security in the Ivory Tower: Canadian University Corporate Security Services’ Public Quest for Legitimacy
Authors: Wilkinson Blair 
Published: May 2016

This article examines how university corporate security (UCS) services engage in legitimation work in their attempts to make their university communities (i.e., faculty, staff, students) and political masters (i.e., university administrators, boards of governors, senators) believe that they are honest, trustworthy, and caring and have authority that should be deferred to. This is accomplished through the analysis of interview and observational data collected as part of a research project exploring UCS services at five Canadian universities and an examination of how UCS services at 14 Canadian universities communicate using the social media service Twitter. These UCS services were found to primarily use Twitter for the purposes of soliciting or requesting information and for networking. In communicating through Twitter, UCS services engage in public legitimation work in which they make claims about and attempt to demonstrate their expertise, authority, and accountability. This article argues that both UCS services’ particular legitimacy problem (i.e., their possession of both private and public attributes) and the interactive nature of public legitimation work create tensions that may serve to disrupt UCS services’ ability to attain legitimacy.Cet article examine la manière dont les services de sécurité d'entreprise à l'université (SEU) s'engagent à légitimer leurs tentatives de persuader leurs communautés universitaires (c'est‐à‐dire le corps professoral, le personnel et les étudiants) ainsi que la haute administration (c'est‐à‐dire les administrateurs de l'université, le conseil des gouverneurs et les sénateurs) qu'ils sont honnêtes, attentifs, dignes de confiance, et qu'ils possèdent un niveau d'autorité auquel quiconque devrait se référer. Ceci sera accompli en analysant un corpus d'entrevues et d'observations dans le cadre d'un projet de recherche examinant les services de type SEU dans cinq universités canadiennes, ainsi qu'une étude sur la manière dont les services de SEU dans quatorze universités canadiennes gèrent leurs communications sur le réseau de médias sociaux Twitter. Il a été établi que ces services de SEU utilisent principalement Twitter pour la sollicitation ou la demande d'informations, et pour le réseautage. En communiquant par Twitter, les services de SEU s'engagent dans un processus de légitimation par lequel ils revendiquent et tentent de démontrer leur expertise, autorité, transparence et responsabilité. Cet article propose l'argument suivant: la question de la légitimité particulière des services de SEU (c'est‐à‐dire leur possession d'attributs à la fois privés et publics) combinée avec la nature interactive du processus de légitimation publique crée des tensions qui peuvent en fin de compte perturber la capacité des services de SEU à atteindre réellement cette légitimité.
Gender and Off‐farm Employment: Evidence from Rural China
Authors: Wang Xiaobing , Han Linghui , Huang Jikun , Zhang Linxiu , Rozelle Scott 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe goal of the present paper is to examine how the expansion of the economy from 2000 has affected rural off‐farm labor market participation. Specifically, we seek to determine whether off‐farm labor increased after 2000, what forms of employment are driving trends in off‐farm labor and whether gender differences can be observed in off‐farm employment trends. Using a nationally representative dataset that consist of two waves of surveys conducted in 2000 and 2008 in six provinces, this paper finds that off‐farm labor market participation continued to rise steadily in the early 2000s. However, there is a clear difference in the trends associated with occupational choice before and after 2000. In addition, we find that rural off‐farm employment trends are different for men and women. Our analysis also shows that the rise of wage‐earning employment corresponds with an increasing unskilled wage for both men and women.
To Board or Not to Board: Evidence from Nutrition, Health and Education Outcomes of Students in Rural China
Authors: Wang Aiqin , Medina Alexis , Luo Renfu , Shi Yaojiang , Yue Ai 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe debate over whether boarding school is beneficial for students still exists in both developing and developed countries. In rural China, as a result of a national school merger program that began in 2001, the number of boarding students has increased dramatically. Little research has been done, however, to measure how boarding status may be correlated with nutrition, health and educational outcomes. In this paper, we compare the outcomes of boarding to those of non‐boarding students using a large, aggregate dataset that includes 59 rural counties across five provinces in China. We find that for all outcomes boarding students perform worse than non‐boarding students. Despite these differences, the absolute levels of all outcomes are low for both boarding and non‐boarding students, indicating a need for new policies that will target all rural students regardless of their boarding status.
Implementation of Teacher Training in China and Its Policy Implications
Authors: Liu Hongyan , Liu Chengfang , Chang Fang , Loyalka Prashant 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis study describes the current teacher training system in China, including the prevalence of teacher training, the types of training, training content and the ways that training is delivered. The paper presents subjective evaluations of training for principals and teachers using four diverse datasets. The results show that the National Teacher Training Project (NTTP) deviates from official policy objectives in several respects. The subjects of training programs and training content are not fully compliant with policy objectives. In addition, training opportunities are offered to a smaller proportion of rural teachers than urban teachers. It is found that the proportion of teachers and principals satisfied with the NTTP is lower than that for other types of training. Therefore, measures should be taken to increase training opportunities for rural teachers and to ensure the quality of training for all teachers.
ADAM12‐deficient zebrafish exhibit retardation in body growth at the juvenile stage without developmental defects
Authors: Tokumasu Yudai , Iida Atsuo , Wang Zi , Ansai Satoshi , Kinoshita Masato , Sehara‐Fujisawa Atsuko 
Published: May 2016

ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) constitutes a family of multi‐domain proteins that are involved in development, homeostasis, and disease. ADAM12 plays important roles in myogenesis and adipogenesis in mice; however, the precise physiological mechanisms are not known, and the function of this gene in other vertebrates has not been examined. In this study, we used a simple model vertebrate, the zebrafish, to investigate the functions of ADAM12 during development. Zebrafish adam12 is conserved with those of mammals in the synteny and the amino‐acid sequence. We examined adam12 expression in zebrafish embryos by whole mount in situ hybridization and the promoter activity of the adam12 upstream sequence. We found that adam12 is strongly expressed in the cardiovascular system, erythroid progenitors, brain, and jaw cartilage during zebrafish development, and adam12‐knockout zebrafish exhibited reduced body size in the juvenile stage without apparent morphological defects. Taken together, these results suggest that adam12 plays a significant role in the regulation of body growth during juvenile stage in zebrafish, although the precise molecular mechanisms await further study.
Making Up Your Mind: How Language Enables Self‐Knowledge, Self‐Knowability and Personhood
Authors: Pettit Philip 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIf language is to serve the basic purpose of communicating our attitudes, we must be constructed so as to form beliefs in those propositions that we truthfully assert on the basis of careful assent. Thus, other things being equal, I can rely on believing those things to which I give my careful assent. And so my ability to assent or dissent amounts to an ability to make up my mind about what I believe. This capacity, in tandem with a similar capacity in respect of other attitudes, supports three important lessons. It means that I can know what I believe by seeing what commands my assent, that I can put aside the possibility of error in committing myself to holding such a belief, and that I can therefore perform as a person: I can organize my mind around commitments to which others are invited to hold me.
GR gene polymorphism is associated with inter‐subject variability in response to glucocorticoids in patients with myasthenia gravis
Authors: Xie Y. , Meng Y. , Li H.‐F. , Hong Y. , Sun L. , Zhu X. , Yue Y.‐X. , Gao X. , Wang S. , Li Y. , Kusner L. L. , Kaminski H. J. 
Published: May 2016

Background and purposeGlucocorticoids (GCs) are the mainstay treatment of myasthenia gravis (MG). However, wide inter‐individual variability exists in the response to GCs.MethodsA Chinese cohort of 257 MG patients treated with GCs was evaluated for the association between 19 single nucleotide polymorphisms in the GR gene and clinical response to the initial 3 month GC therapy. A quantitative MG score decreasing by ≥3 units or becoming zero was defined as sensitivity to GCs.ResultsThe rs17209237* G allele was less frequent in the GC insensitive group compared with the GC sensitive group [P = 0.013, odds ratio (OR) 0.119]. The rs9324921* A allele was more frequent in the GC insensitive group than in the GC sensitive group (P = 0.046, OR 1.94). Carriers of the rs17209237 G allele were less frequent in the GC insensitive group than in the GC sensitive group (dominant model, P = 0.009). Carriers of the rs9324921 A allele were more frequent in the GC insensitive group than in the GC sensitive group (dominant model, P = 0.037). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that the rs17209237 G allele carrier (P = 0.037, OR 0.12) and disease duration before GC treatment (P = 0.011, OR 3.45) were independent factors that contributed to GC efficacy.Conclusionrs17209237 in the GR gene was identified as an independent factor that contributes to GC efficacy in MG patients. The genetic variations of the GR gene may play a role in predicting response to GC treatment.
Effect of temperature on high‐cycle fatigue and very high cycle fatigue behaviours of a low‐strength Cr–Ni–Mo–V steel welded joint
Authors: Wu W. , Zhu M.‐L. , Liu X. , Xuan F.‐Z. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAxially push–pull fatigue tests of a low‐strength Cr–Ni–Mo–V steel welded joint were conducted up to very high cycle fatigue regime at room temperature and 370 °C. The S–N curve at room temperature shows a duplex shape, while the S–N curve at 370 °C is continuously decreasing with lower fatigue strength. The welds at 370 °C undergoes dynamic strain ageing and has an enhanced load–defects interaction, leading to equal distribution of failures among different parts of the welds. The Z parameter model, with micro‐defect location incorporated, having sound physical representation, is life‐controlling of the welds at high temperature.
A new occurrence of ambient inclusion trails from the ~1900‐million‐year‐old Gunflint Formation, Ontario: nanocharacterization and testing of potential formation mechanisms
Authors: Wacey D. , Saunders M. , Kong C. , Kilburn M. R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAmbient inclusion trails (AITs) are tubular microstructures thought to form when a microscopic mineral crystal is propelled through a fine‐grained rock matrix. Here, we report a new occurrence of AITs from a fossilized microbial mat within the 1878‐Ma Gunflint Formation, at Current River, Ontario. The AITs are 1–15 μm in diameter, have pyrite as the propelled crystal, are infilled with chlorite and have been propelled through a microquartz (chert) or chlorite matrix. AITs most commonly originate at the boundary between pyrite‐ and chlorite‐rich laminae and chert‐filled fenestrae, with pyrite crystals propelled into the fenestrae. A subset of AITs originate within the fenestrae, rooted either within the chert or within patches of chlorite. Sulphur isotope data (34S/32S) obtained in situ from AIT pyrite have a δ34S of −8.5 to +8.0 ‰, indicating a maximum of ~30 ‰ fractionation from Palaeoproterozoic seawater sulphate (δ34S ≈ +20 ‰). Organic carbon is common both at the outer margins of the fenestrae and in patches of chlorite where most AITs originate, and can be found in smaller quantities further along some AITs towards the terminal pyrite grain. We infer that pyrite crystals now found within the AITs formed via the action of heterotrophic sulphate‐reducing bacteria during early diagenesis within the microbial mat, as pore waters were becoming depleted in seawater sulphate. Gases derived from this process such as CO2 and H2S were partially trapped within the microbial mat, helping produce birds‐eye fenestrae, while rapid microquartz precipitation closed porosity. We propose that propulsion of the pyrite crystals to form AITs was driven by two complementary mechanisms during burial and low‐grade metamorphism: firstly, thermal decomposition of residual organic material providing CO2, and potentially CH4, as propulsive gases, plus organic acids to locally dissolve the microquartz matrix; and secondly, reactions involving clay minerals that potentially led to enhanced quartz solubility, plus increases in fluid and/or gas pressure during chlorite formation, with chlorite then infilling the AITs. This latter mechanism is novel and represents a possible way to generate AITs in environments lacking organic material.
Public Statistics and Private Experience: Varying Feedback Information in a Take-or-Pass Game
Authors: Danz David , Jehiel Philippe , Huck Steffen 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
We study how subjects in an experiment use different forms of public information about their opponents’ past behavior. In the absence of public information, subjects appear to use rather detailed statistics summarizing their private experiences. If they have additional public information, they make use of this information even if it is less precise than their own private statistics - except for very high stakes. Making public information more precise has two consequences: It is also used when the stakes are very high and it reduces the number of subjects who ignore any information - public and private. That is, precise public information crowds in the use of own information. Finally, our results shed some light on unraveling in centipede games.
Hemothorax caused by replacement of hemodialysis catheter: A case report
Authors: Zhang Wenbo , Liu Tao , Wang Xinling , Huo Yanhong , Jia Yingmin , Su Li , Liu Yuanyuan 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCentral venous catheters (CVC) are widely used in clinics to gain vascular access, but the risk and prevalence of catheter‐related complications remains a serious issue. We report a long‐term dialysis catheter accidentally inserted into the mediastinum via the right jugular vein in a hemodialysis patient. We also review complications associated with vascular catheterization and propose immediate therapeutic interventions for such cases.
Disrupted trabecular bone micro‐architecture in middle‐aged male HIV‐infected treated patients
Authors: Sellier P , Ostertag A , Collet C , Trout H , Champion K , Fernandez S , Lopes A , Morgand M , Clevenbergh P , Evans J , Souak S , de Vernejoul M‐C , Bergmann J‐F 
Published: May 2016

ObjectivesHIV‐infected individuals are at increased risk of incident fractures. Evaluation of trabecular bone micro‐architecture is an important tool to assess bone strength, but its use has not yet been reported in middle‐aged HIV‐infected male individuals. The aim of the study was to compare bone micro‐architecture between HIV‐infected and HIV‐uninfected men.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, 53 HIV‐infected male individuals with a mean (± standard deviation) age of 49 ± 9 years who had been receiving antiretroviral therapy including tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (DF) for at least 60 months were compared with 50 HIV‐uninfected male controls, matched for age and ethnic origin. We studied the volumetric bone density and micro‐architecture of the radius and tibia using high‐resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR‐p QCT).ResultsVolumetric trabecular bone density was 17% lower in the tibia (P < 10−4) and 16% lower in the radius (P < 10−3) in HIV‐infected patients compared with controls. By contrast, the cortical bone density was normal at both sites. The tibial trabecular micro‐architecture differed markedly between patients and controls: bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) and trabecular number were each 13% lower (P < 10−4 for both). Trabecular separation and inhomogeneity of the network were 18% and 24% higher in HIV‐infected patients than in controls, respectively. The radial BV/TV and trabecular thickness were each 13% lower (P < 10−3 and 10−2, respectively). Cortical thickness was not different between the two groups.ConclusionsThe findings of lower volumetric trabecular bone density and disrupted trabecular micro‐architectural parameters in middle‐aged male HIV‐infected treated patients help to explain bone frailty in these patients.
Preparation and purification of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from hydrolysate of shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) shell waste
Authors: Feng Simin , Limwachiranon Jarukitt , Luo Zisheng , Shi Xudan , Ru Qiaomei 
Published: May 2016

SummaryAngiotensin I‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides from the shrimp shell waste (SSW) were isolated using different proteases. The orthogonal test results showed alcalase hydrolysates with ACE inhibitory activity of 67.07% under the optimal hydrolysis conditions of 60 °C hydrolysis temperature, pH = 9.5, 25 g L−1 substrate and 4000 U g−1 of enzyme, whereas neutral protease hydrolysates had an ACE inhibitory activity of 84.04% under the hydrolysis temperature of 50 °C at pH = 7.0 with 25 g L−1 of substrate and in the presence of 2000 U g−1 of enzyme. Neutral protease was more suitable for the production of ACE inhibitory peptides from SSW, where peptides with MW <5 kDa were recommended. The results of this study indicated that peptides obtained from SSW are as beneficial as antihypertension compounds in the functional food resources.
A reflection on information systems strategizing: the role of power and everyday practices
Authors: Marabelli Marco , Galliers Robert D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe review the IS strategizing literature and highlight its main strengths and weaknesses. Strengths include an account given to the relevance of tensions between planned and executed strategy, and associated tradeoffs such as rigidity and flexibility, formal and informal strategizing and the exploitation of static resources vis à vis the exploration of novel capabilities. Weaknesses relate to a predominant focus on an organizational level of analysis and a lack of power considerations. In this paper we aim to build on these strengths and to ameliorate these weaknesses by proposing a comprehensive IS strategizing framework that uses extant IS strategizing research as a foundation, rejuvenated by insights from the emerging strategy‐as‐practice literature. The paper extends our understanding of IS strategizing in light of the practice perspective by providing a multilevel account and incorporating power considerations.
The roles of mood and conscientiousness in reporting of self‐committed errors on IT projects
Authors: Lee Hyung Koo , Keil Mark , Smith H. Jeff , Sarkar Sumantra 
Published: May 2016

AbstractOver the past two decades, several studies have investigated the factors that lead to and away from individuals' reporting of truthful status information on IT projects. These studies have typically considered the reporting decisions of an individual who is aware of negative status information that is attributed to others' errors. These previous studies have seldom examined the situation in which the individual is considering whether to report information about his or her own self‐committed error on the project. In this study, we consider this largely unexamined phenomenon. In this context, we focus on the influences that different affective states and a personality trait (conscientiousness) can have on error reporting decisions. Specifically, we investigate how different moods (i.e. positive vs. negative) and conscientiousness can influence error reporting decisions in the context of an IT project. Based on the results from a controlled laboratory experiment, we find that individuals in a negative mood are more willing to report their errors compared to individuals in a positive mood. Conscientiousness also positively influences individuals' willingness to report errors, and it also has an indirect effect through cost–benefit differential (i.e. one's perceptions of benefits relative to costs). Additionally, mood is found to moderate the relationship between conscientiousness and willingness to report. We discuss the implication of our findings and directions for future research and for practice. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Genetically manipulated Brassica genotypes affect demography and performance of Diadegma semiclausum parasitizing Plutella xylostella
Authors: Nikooei M. , Fathipour Y. , Javaran M. Jalali , Soufbaf M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe performance of Diadegma semiclausum (Hellen) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) on Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) reared on canola's progenitor (Brassica rapa L.), two cultivated canola cultivars (Opera and RGS003), one hybrid (Hyula401), one gamma‐ray mutant‐RGS003 and one transgenic (PF) genotype was compared using the age‐stage, two‐sex life table parameters. All experiments were carried out in a growth chamber at 25 ± 1°C, 65 ± 5% RH and a photoperiod of 16 : 8 (L : D) h. There were significant differences in duration of different life stages of D. semiclausum on its host larvae reared on different plant genotypes. The shortest (12.27 days) and longest (15.21 days) pre‐adult developmental times were observed on cultivar‐RGS003 and hybrid‐Hyula401, respectively. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) in D. semiclausum ranged between 0.189/day (cultivar‐Opera) and 0.141/day (transgenic‐PF). Moreover, the highest (20.078 offspring) and lowest (12.027 offspring) net reproductive rates (R0) were observed on cultivar‐Opera and hybrid‐Hyula401. The mean generation time (T) of D. semiclausum was the highest (18.34 days) and lowest (15.05 days) on mutant‐RGS003 and cultivar‐RGS003. The maximum and minimum parasitism values of this parasitoid were observed on canola's progenitor (44.28%) and hybrid‐Hyula401 (37.09%). The heaviest pupae (3.82 mg) and females (3.22 mg) of the parasitoid were found on canola's progenitor and cultivar‐Opera, respectively. The results showed that performance of this parasitoid was better on canola's progenitor and cultivated plants known to have higher levels of glucosinolates concentration than others.