bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study on Continuous and Discontinuous Dorling Maps
Authors: Yang Nai , Pang Xujing , Lv Junpeng , Wei Zhiwei 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe Dorling map, a special type of thematic map, is a widely employed tool for visualizing geospatial statistical data. It transforms regions into circles with areas proportionate to statistical values while endeavoring to maintain regional spatial relationships. Notably, two types of Dorling maps emerge, distinguished by their consideration of regional continuity: continuous and discontinuous Dorling maps. However, as of yet, the discrepancies between these two types remain inconclusive. In this paper, we employ an eye‐tracking method to investigate the efficacy of Dorling maps in two common application scenarios, namely unpurposed browsing tasks and purposeful reading tasks. To this end, we administer tasks involving region search, attribute comparison/recognition/memory, conditional selection, relationship judgment, summary, and subjective evaluation. Subsequently, we perform a statistical analysis of the eye movement data of participants when they complete the above tasks in the continuous and discontinuous Dorling maps. The results indicate that the discontinuous Dorling maps are significantly better than the continuous ones in interpretation time for forward and reverse region search, selecting conditions, and judging adjacent relationships. Continuous Dorling maps significantly outperform discontinuous maps in terms of search efficiency during attribute comparison. Moreover, continuous maps significantly outperformed discontinuous maps in terms of cognitive supplementation or reprocessing of previous regions during conditional selection. This study can help users choose the right form of Dorling map visualization according to their needs.
Food and inhaled allergens may play a more prominent role in allergic transfusion reactions than previously recognized
Authors: Yasui Kazuta , Takihara Yoshihiro , Hirayama Fumiya 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Correlations between allergic transfusion reactions (ATRs) and allergic predisposition to food and inhaled allergens have been consistently reported.
Food or pollen allergens circulating in the blood can be indirectly identified using the basophil activation test.
In some cases, food or pollen allergens have been identified in transfused blood products that cause ATRs.
Reconstruction of deep and perforating corneal defects in dogs—A review (Part III/III): The use of corneal sutures and reporting of ocular discomfort
Authors: Sanchez R. F. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe surgical reconstruction of severe corneal disease is a common and crucial component of the clinical practice of veterinary ophthalmology. The first part of the present review described procedures that utilize autogenous ocular tissues, homologous donor tissues, and heterologous donor tissues in dogs, while the second part reviewed the use of biomaterials and keratoprosthetics in this species. This third part is dedicated to the review of the use of corneal sutures including suture type and suture pattern in corneal reconstruction of small animals including dogs and cats. The review also focused on the way studies report postoperative ocular discomfort/pain and how this is treated. Lastly, the author briefly presents the simple but effective techniques available to bury corneal knots for corneal reconstructive surgery in small animal patients, such as the “tugging” and “deep‐superficial‐superficial‐deep” methods for simple interrupted sutures, and the adaptation of the latter for simple continuous sutures.
Optimizing Flow and Heat Transfer With Guiding Pin Fins in a Wedge-Shaped Cooling Channel for Gas Turbine Blade Trailing Edge
Authors: Chen Jianian , Rao Yu , Wang Qi , Liang Ce , Yang Li 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this study, an innovative guiding pin-fin array optimization has been developed through three-dimensional numerical simulations to enhance the cooling efficiency of gas turbine blade trailing edge. The guiding pin-fin array is optimized using the Kriging surrogate model and Genetic Algorithm (GA), aiming to significantly improve the heat transfer rates and uniformity within the wedge-shaped channel. The design parameter chosen for optimization is the deflection angle of each guiding pin fin, and the optimization process is conducted in two rounds. The first-round optimization yields a first-optimized guiding pin-fin array, which exhibits superior overall heat transfer performance and reasonable pressure loss compared to conventional circular, oblong, and parallel pin-fin arrays. For the first-optimized guiding pin-fin (1st-OGP) channel at the Reynolds number of Re = 50,000, the total Nusselt number and pressure loss are 44.1% higher and 9.9% lower than those of the baseline circular pin-fin array (CP), respectively. An experimental validation using the transient liquid crystal (TLC) thermography method is carried out and proves the effectiveness of the optimization process. However, it is noted that the first-optimized guiding pin-fin exhibits even lower heat transfer at a low Reynolds number of Re = 10,000, particularly in the channel middle region, which is mainly due to the incapable turning flow control in the root region of the wedged channel. To address this issue and further improve the heat transfer performance at low Reynolds numbers, a second-round optimization is performed by specifically adjusting the deflection angle of the selected guiding pin fins near the root region of the wedged channel. This secondary optimization demonstrates significant heat transfer improvements over the whole studied Reynolds number range with a reasonably reduced consumption of computational resources. The total Nusselt number and pressure loss are 69.3% higher and 11.9% lower than those of the baseline circular pin-fin array, respectively, at Re = 50,000. The optimization process proposed in this paper produces a high-performance cooling structure design with elaborate guiding pin-fin arrangements in the wedge-shaped channel, which indicates high heat transfer enhancement and relatively lower pressure loss in the wedged channel for the turbine blade trailing edge.
The Effect of U-Bend Zone, Rotation, and Corrugation on Two-Pass Channel Flow
Authors: Abdulrasool Ali A. , Kurji Hayder J. , Kadhim Thualfaqir J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Further consideration on the two-pass channel flow is still necessary due to the complexity of 180-deg turn, rotation, and wall ribs. Numerical investigations have repeatedly revealed differences from experiments, with the primary focus of the smooth walls. Thus, this work deals with newly added ribs and three-equation variant of the shear stress transport (SST) k–ω model to the current fluid flow and heat transfer depending on an existing experiment as a reference. The adapted turbulence model thought to be more susceptible to U-bend zone, rotation, and wall corrugation is applied using comsolmultiphysics program. A two-pass profile with leafy characteristics, derived from a prior work by the first author, is implemented for the first time and contrasted against alternative corrugation designs. The findings demonstrated that applying the suggested model reduces the percentage error between the computational and experimental data to less than 20%. The Nusselt numbers computed at different leafy-corrugated channel divisions are augmented to 30% with 70% surface temperature reduction; however, the friction penalty rises too.
Finite Element Method Modeling for Extended Depth of Focus Acoustic Transducer
Authors: Shukla Kaushik , Habib Anowarul , Melandsø Frank , Ahmad Azeem 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Extended depth of focus (DOF) with high lateral resolution is the primary requirement of the transducer in scanning acoustic microscopy to generate high-resolution images of the three-dimensional sample over a large depth. Traditionally, focused ultrasonic spherical transducers are used to tightly focus the acoustic waves generated from a piezoelectric material for a wide range of applications in industrial, medical, and other fields. Such transducers have a problem of narrow DOF which restricts the imaging range in depth. In the present work, we propose three different transducer designs such as single axicon, central flat axicon, and double axicon, which enable the possibilities of high transverse resolution imaging over greater depths due to the significant increase in DOF. Finite element modeling (FEM) in comsol of a spherical, single axicon, central flat axicon, and double axicon transducer is systematically performed and compared in terms of transverse resolution, DOF, and acoustic pressure in the central lobe. In addition, the single axicon and double axicon transducer modeling is done for different apex angles. It is observed that the central flat axicon transducer allows customizable DOF and the double axicon transducer provides high lateral resolution and reduced pressure in the side lobes compared to a single axicon lens.
Research of Productivity and Interlayer Interference Mechanism of Multilayer Co-Production in Reservoirs With Multipressure Systems
Authors: Cui Chunxue , Liu Yuewu , Zhang Guoqing , Ren Yangqi , Chai Xiaolong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Due to the differences in physical and fluid properties in vertical oil layers, the interlayer contradictions are prominent and affect the reservoir utilization degree seriously. Therefore, the coordination between reasonable bottom-hole flow pressure and optimal production, as well as the reduction of interlayer interference are the primary concerns during the co-production of multilayer oil reservoirs. Based on the reservoir engineering and fluid mechanics in porous media theory, this work adopts the comprehensive pressure system and considers the interlayer interference to establish a multibranch horizontal well productivity model and interlayer interference mathematical model. By analyzing the main controlling factors and interference mechanisms, this article demonstrates a pattern of interlayer interference and improves the quantitative characterization interlayer interference theory in multilayer combined mining. The study has shown that (1) the interlayer interference is beneficial for balancing the production of different layers and improving development efficiency, and it is greatly affected by interlayer heterogeneity; (2) when the number of layers exceeds two layers, the interference coefficient increases; with the increase of the layer thickness, the thicker oil layers have higher productivity, and the thickness of the layer has a significant effect on the production of low-pressure layer; as the viscosity difference increases, the interlayer interference coefficient becomes larger, and the contribution rate of high viscosity oil layer decreases continuously. When the production pressure difference increases, the interlayer interference can be reduced; (3) the interlayer interference mathematical model constructed in this article has high prediction accuracy and strong practicality, which has theoretical guidance significance for the division of strata in the comprehensive adjustment of reservoirs.
Intrapulmonary pharmacokinetics of SPR719 following oral administration of SPR720 to healthy volunteers
Authors: Rodvold Keith A. , Gotfried Mark H. , Ussery Xilla T. , Wong Shekman L. , Hamed Kamal A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

SPR720 is a phosphate ester prodrug that is converted rapidly
in vivo
to SPR719, the active moiety, which exhibits potent
in vitro
activity against clinically relevant mycobacterial species including
Mycobacterium avium
complex (MAC) and
Mycobacterium abscessus
. SPR720 is in clinical development for the treatment of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) due to MAC. This study evaluated the safety and the intrapulmonary pharmacokinetics of SPR719 in healthy volunteers. A total of 30 subjects received oral SPR720 1,000 mg once daily for 7 days followed by bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage, with blood samples collected for plasma pharmacokinetic assessments. Mean SPR719 area under the concentration-time curve from time 0 to 24 hours (AUC
0–24
) and maximum concentration (
C
max
) for plasma, epithelial lining fluid (ELF), and alveolar macrophages (AM) were 52,418 ng·h/mL and 4,315 ng/mL, 59,880 ng·h/mL and 5,429 ng/mL, and 128,105 ng·h/mL and 13,033 ng/mL, respectively. The ratios of ELF to total plasma concentrations of SPR719 based on AUC
0–24
and
C
max
were 1.14 and 1.26, and the ratios of AM to total plasma concentrations of SPR719 based on AUC
0–24
and
C
max
were 2.44 and 3.02, respectively. When corrected for protein binding, the ratios of ELF to unbound plasma concentrations of SPR719 for AUC
0–24
and
C
max
were 19.87 and 21.88, and the ratios of AM to unbound plasma concentrations of SPR719 for AUC
0–24
and
C
max
were 42.50 and 52.53, respectively. No unexpected safety findings were observed. Results from this study of the intrapulmonary disposition of SPR719 support further investigation of SPR720 as a potential oral agent for the treatment of patients with NTM-PD.

This study is registered with
Clinicaltrials.gov
as
NCT05955586
.
The onset of Paleo-Pacific subduction: Key evidence from the Kaishantun Accretionary Complex, northeastern Eurasia
Authors: Wang Hong-Yan , Zhou Jian-Bo , Wilde Simon A. , Li Gong-Yu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Subduction of the Paleo-Pacific oceanic lithosphere has dominated the tectonic evolution of northeastern Eurasia since the Mesozoic. We document the time of subduction initiation based on the age, character, and paleogeographic record of the Jilin-Yanji Suture that separates the Jiamusi-Khanka Block (of Northeast China) from the northeastern North China Craton. The suture contains a series of accretionary complexes that provide abundant information for elucidating the evolution of the oceanic plates. Zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotope, as well as zircon trace element data, from nine sedimentary rock samples from the Kaishantun Accretionary Complex in the easternmost segment of the Jilin-Yanji Suture document a volcanic arc setting in the end-Permian to Middle Triassic (255–244 Ma) involving the addition of juvenile crust. Based on our new data and previous studies, we propose that southwestern-directed subduction of the Jilin-Heilongjiang Ocean dominated the evolution of regional tectonics between 260 Ma and 230 Ma, which resulted in the formation of arc-related volcano-sedimentary rocks and the generation of accretionary complexes within the Jilin-Yanji Suture. The Paleo-Pacific Ocean started to subduct beneath northeastern Eurasia at ca. 235 Ma, which accelerated the closure of the Jilin-Heilongjiang Ocean and provided the major driving force for the final amalgamation of the northeastern North China Craton and the Jiamusi-Khanka Block.
Identifying postpartum depression: Using key risk factors for early detection
Authors: Zacher Kjeldsen Mette-Marie , Bang Madsen Kathrine , Liu Xiaoqin , Mægbæk Merete Lund , Robakis Thalia , Bergink Veerle , Munk-Olsen Trine 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundPersonal and family history of psychiatric disorders are key risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD), yet their combined contribution has been understudied.ObjectiveTo examine personal and family psychiatric history, alone and combined, and their effect on absolute risk and relative risk (RR) of mild/moderate or severe PPD.MethodsIn this cohort study, we used data from 142 064 childbirths with PPD screenings from 2015 to 2021 merged with population registers. Exposures were personal and family psychiatric history defined as a psychiatric hospital contact or psychotropic prescription fills by index mothers and their parents prior to delivery. Outcomes were mild/moderate PPD (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, cut-off: ≥11 within 12 weeks post partum) and severe PPD (antidepressant fill or depression diagnosis within 6 months post partum). We calculated absolute risks and RRs using Poisson regression models adjusted for parity, education, maternal age, and calendar year.FindingsOf the 142 064 participants, 23.4% had no psychiatric history, 47.4% had only family history, 6.0% had only personal history, and 23.2% had both. The latter group had the highest risk of PPD: absolute risk of mild/moderate PPD was 11.7% (95% CI 11.5%; 11.8%), and adjusted RR: 2.35 (95% CI 2.22; 2.49). Alone, personal psychiatric history was the most potent risk factor. Dose–response relationship based on severity of personal and family psychiatric history was found.DiscussionOur study documents a substantial association between personal and family psychiatric history and PPD risk.Clinical implicationsEvaluating combinations of risk factors is important to improve risk assessment.
Predictors of perinatal mortality in Ghana: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Punguyire Damien , Abiiro Gilbert Abotisem , Koray Munawar Harun 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionPerinatal mortality is a major public health issue in sub-Saharan Africa, with Ghana experiencing consistently high rates. This poses challenges for achieving the maternal and child health-related sustainability development goals by 2030. While some studies have explored factors behind perinatal mortality in Ghana, a comprehensive analysis considering multifactorial predictors remains absent. This scoping review, guided by Anderson’s framework of healthcare utilisation, aims to address this. The primary objective is to map the predictors of perinatal mortality in Ghana using Anderson’s framework. It aims to identify interpersonal, social structural and health beliefs as predisposing factors; evaluate access to healthcare, social support and health literacy as enabling factors; and outline maternal and foetal conditions as need factors, concluding with identified knowledge gaps.Methods and analysisThe Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions will be used to guide the conduct of this review. Four main electronic databases, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature, will be searched. Eligible studies will be charted and synthesised, focussing on Anderson’s primary domains: predisposing factors, enabling factors and need factors. Studies published in the English language from January 2000 to June 2024 will be included in the study to cover the most recent factors associated with perinatal mortality in Ghana.Ethics and disseminationThis review will rely on already published peer-reviewed articles and therefore will not require ethical approval. The review results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed scientific publications and annual health services review conferences in Ghana.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42024564968.
Dietary habit and lifestyle of postpartum women in South China: a mixed methods research
Authors: Chen Wanhe , Zhai Jinguo , Yuan Cairu , Liang Yulian , Lu Xiaoqin , Guo Yingui , Yao Yongzi 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the dietary and hygiene behaviours and influencing factors of women during the puerperium in South China.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingThree tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province, ChinaParticipantsFrom November 2022 to March 2023, 327 women with puerperal experience were enrolled using the purposive sampling method, with 323 valid questionnaires collected for data analysis. Semistructured interviews were conducted with six puerperium women and five primary caregivers.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThis study used a questionnaire survey to collect and analyse the current postpartum dietary and hygiene behaviours among women in the South China region, along with their influencing factors.ResultsMultinomial logistics regression revealed women residing in urban-rural fringe were more likely to use ventilated rooms (OR 4.496, 95% CI 2.363 to 8.552) and avoid hair washing (OR 0.345, 95% CI 0.159 to 0.749) compared with urban residents. Additionally, women who practiced Buddhism were more likely to wash their hair (OR 11.070, 95% CI 2.339 to 52.379) and take baths (OR 6.856, 95% CI 2.057 to 22.855) compared with those with no religious affiliation. Lastly, those whose primary caregiver was their husband were more likely to consume watermelon (OR 2.235, 95% CI 1.119 to 4.463), persimmon (OR 4.395, 95% CI 1.886 to 10.242) and longan (OR 2.612, 95% CI 1.362 to 5.010). The qualitative study identified five themes: dietary practices, hygiene habits, personal attitude, sources of information and support.ConclusionThe dietary and hygiene behaviours of puerperium women in South China are significantly influenced by the residen, primary caregivers and religious beliefs. Medical care providers should adopt a precision postpartum care strategy to improve the quality of care.
SIGNET: protocol for a multicentre, single-blind prospective, group sequential, randomised controlled trial to evaluate the benefits of a single dose of simvastatin given to potential organ donors declared dead by neurological criteria on outcomes in organ recipients
Authors: Evans Amy , Mawson Phil , Thomas Helen , Keen Katie , Watson Christopher JE , McAuley Daniel Francis , MacGowan Guy A , Sheerin Neil S , Fisher Andrew , Shaw James , Yates Hilary , Fallow Andrea , Kounali Daphne , Banks Jennifer , Stevens Margaret , Paul Roshni , Hodge Renate , Lawson Emma , Harvey Dan , Dark John 
Published: October 2024

Introduction
Successful organ transplantation in patients with end-stage organ failure improves long-term survival, improves quality of life and reduces costs to the NHS. Despite an increase in the number of deceased organ donors over the last decade, there remains a considerable shortfall of suitable organs available for transplantation. Over half of UK donors are certified dead by neurological criteria following brain stem compression, which leads to severe physiological stress in the donor, combined with a hyperinflammatory state. Brain stem death-related dysfunction is an important reason for poor organ function and hence utilisation. For example, more than 30% of donation after brain stem death cardiac transplant recipients need short-term mechanical cardiac support, reflecting donor heart dysfunction.
A small, randomised study previously showed improved outcomes for cardiac transplant recipients if the donor was given simvastatin. SIGNET takes inspiration from that study and hypothesises a potential reduction in damage to the heart and other organs during the period after diagnosis of death and prior to organ retrieval in donors that receive simvastatin.

Methods and analysis
SIGNET is a multicentre, single-blind, prospective, group sequential, randomised controlled trial to evaluate the benefits of a single high dose of simvastatin given to potential organ donors diagnosed dead by neurological criteria on outcomes in all organ recipients. The trial will run across a minimum of 89 UK sites with a recruitment target of 2600 donors over 4 years.

Ethics and dissemination
SIGNET received a favourable opinion from the London, Queen Square Research Ethics Committee (Ref: 21/LO/0412) and following approval of substantial amendment 1 in January 2023, the current protocol is version 2 (7 December 2022). Substantial amendment 1 clarified consent procedures and added additional sites and prescribers. Findings from the study will be publicly available and disseminated locally and internationally through manuscript publications in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations at national and international platforms.

Trial registration number

NCT11440354