bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Engagement: Effective Strategies for EFL Teachers in Online Classes during the Pandemic Era
Authors: Irlina Andi , Nor Hidayah , Zaini Akhmad 
Published: September 2024

In online learning, teachers use a number of support strategies to engage learners. The right strategies at the right time make distance learning effective and keep students engaged. The purpose of the research is to find out the strategies that teachers use to maintain performance in English language learners during the pandemic, and to find the most appropriate strategy that teachers use to maintain performance in English language courses during the pandemic. The researchers used descriptive qualitative research to examine the strategies of teachers in online English lessons in this study. It explains the teaching strategies used in MTs Negeri 1 Banjarmasin and the participants were three English teachers which teach on VII A, VII B, and VII C. The researchers uses two techniques to collect data. There are observations and interviews. Observations were made in Online Class VII (A, B and C) MTs Negeri 1 Banjarmasin. The interview was then conducted face-to-face with three English teachers. The results showed that the teacher's strategy in teaching VII grade students (A, B and C), the researchers concluded that six active learning strategies were used in the online learning of the three participating teachers. Learning strategies include discussion, problem solving, brainstorming, peer teaching, case studies and discussions. The researchers also found that three teachers preferred to use the conversational strategy because that strategy is very easy for teachers to implement, especially in class VII, where that strategy has become the most suitable strategy for teaching English in online learning.
Efektivitas Aromaterapi Peppermint (Mentha Piperita L) untuk Mengatasi Kecemasan Sebelum Ekstraksi Gigi
Authors: Lestari Nurasisa , Amran Ardian J. , Mawaddah Besse 
Published: September 2024

Abstract: During tooth extraction, patients sometimes feel anxious that can cause mental disorders. One way to reduce anxiety is by using peppermint-based aromatherapy. This study aimed to find out the effectiveness of peppermint aromatherapy (Mentha piperita L) before tooth extraction. This was a quasi exprimental study with a cross sectional design. Samples were patients that came to Azka Nadhifa Clinic for tooth extraction, obtained by using accidental sampling. Level of anxiety was based on pulse rate measured with oximeter. The results obtained 44 patients as samples. Before aromatherapy treatment, the mean pulse rate of patients was 105.64 (SD±2.90) meanwhile after treatment the mean pulse rate was 82.95 (SD±6.62). The T-paired showed that the mean difference of pulse rate before and after aromatherapy treatment was 22.68, with a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05), meaning a sifnificant difference between before and after treatment. In conclusion, peppermint aromatherapy (Mentha piperita L) is effective to overcome anxiety before tooth extraction.

Abstrak: Saat melakukan prosedur ekstraksi gigi pasien terkadang merasa cemas hingga mengalami gangguan mental. Salah satu cara menurunkan kecemasan ialah dengan menggunakan aromaterapi berbahan peppermint (Mentha piperita L). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas aromaterapi peppermint terhadap tingkat kecemasan pasien sebelum tindakan ekstraksi gigi. Metode penelitian ialah kuasi eksprimental dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian ialah pasien yang berkunjung ke klinik Azka Nadhifa utnuk tindakan ekstraksi gigi, diperoleh dengan menggunakan accidental sampling. Tingkat kecemasan diukur berdasarkan denyut nadi dengan menggunakan oximeter. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 44 pasien sebagai sampel penelitian. Sebelum perlakuan aromaterapi didapatkan rerata denyut nadi pasien sebesar 105,64 (SD±2,90) sedangkan setelah perlakuan didapatkan rerata denyut nadi sebesar 82,95 (SD±6,62). Hasil uji T-paired menunjukkan bahwa selisih rerata denyut nadi sebelum dan setelah perlakuan sebesar 22,68, dengan nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05), yang menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara sebelum dan setelah diberikan aromaterapi peppermint. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pemberian aromaterapi peppermint (Mentha piperita L) efektif dalam mengatasi kecemasan sebelum ekstraksi gigi.
Kata kunci: ekstraksi gigi; kecemasan; aromaterapi; peppermint
Reseña de un libro
Authors: Gómez-Jordán Santiago , Núñez-Ramos José Atilio 
Published: September 2024

La quinta edición de "Evidence-Based Physical Diagnosis", escrito por Steven McGee, es una piedra angular en la educación médica clínica y enfatiza el papel crucial de la interpretación de los hallazgos del examen físico. Si bien los libros clásicos de semiología médica a menudo carecen de datos completos sobre la precisión diagnóstica, este libro es un recurso esencial para la práctica médica moderna. Para aprovechar todo su potencial, los lectores deben comprender el concepto de probabilidades, sensibilidad, especificidad y proporción de verosimilitud (likelihood ratios o LR) antes y después de la prueba. El libro cubre 71 capítulos bien estructurados, brinda información invaluable de pies a cabeza y ofrece una calculadora basada en evidencia para el diagnóstico de probabilidad posterior a la prueba. Es un compañero esencial para los médicos, ya que sirve como referencia confiable para los exámenes físicos y la toma de decisiones diagnósticas, lo que lo convierte en una herramienta imprescindible en el conjunto de herramientas de todo profesional de la salud.
Parto Humanizado: O papel da enfermagem na prevenção da violência obstétrica
Authors: Mesquita Elizabeth de Paula , Bataglion Dos Santos Maria Eduarda , Cavalcante Pereira Ingrid Caroline , Moraes de Farias João Vitor , Scherer Anderson 
Published: September 2024

Introdução: As altas taxas de violência obstétrica (VO) no Brasil suscitam a discussão acerca de medidas de prevenção e combate às práticas abusivas e degradantes no atendimento à pessoa gestante no país. Nesse cenário, entender o papel dos profissionais de saúde é decisivo para efetivar políticas públicas já existentes no cotidiano da práxis obstétrica. Objetivos: Compreender a relevância da atuação do profissional de Enfermagem na prevenção e combate à VO e definir estratégias de intervenção práticas. Métodos: Trata-se de revisão de literatura coletada a partir de pesquisas em bases de dados virtuais, como PubMed e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), a partir de critérios estabelecidos previamente. Resultados: A atuação do enfermeiro obstetra é primordial para prevenir e conter a VO no atendimento à pessoa gestante em todos os momentos do atendimento pré-natal, trabalho de parto, intraparto, pós-parto e puerpério. Entretanto, a existência de importante déficit na compreensão técnica da VO entre esses profissionais dificulta o exercício de sua função plena e corrobora para a perpetuação do ciclo de violência. Conclusão: Destaca-se o potencial impacto da atuação de enfermeiros na contenção de situações de VO e possíveis práticas de humanização do atendimento a serem adotadas, bem como identifica lacunas que dificultam a redução dos índices de abusos ocorridos durante o cuidado materno-fetal.
Perspectiva interdisciplinaria: Innovación de los Procesos Pedagógicos del Lenguaje mediante la Lectura Crítica para la Comprensión de Textos, Competencias Cognitivas y Lingüísticas
Authors: Gallo Espín Erika Alexandra , Galarza Garcés Tatiana Vanessa , Paucar Tinajero Pablo Patricio , Solís López Daniela Elizabeth , López Pazmiño Mónica Narciza 
Published: September 2024

Considerando que la lectura crítica tiene un carácter holístico e integrador de los saberes, que posibilita el logro la alfabetización, al promover las competencias cognitivas lingüísticas - discursivas, pragmáticas - culturales, valorativas – afectivas, el estudio es efectuado para fortalecer los procesos cognitivos que abarcan el análisis, reflexión, evaluacion, expresión y discriminacion, con enfasis en la comprensión lectora para entender, analizando afirmaciones y argumentos con el fin de emitir juicios de valor. El objetivo fue evaluar el nivel de lectura crítica en los estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Pilahuín, con respecto a textos literarios. La metodología incluye un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño no experimental transversal, de nivel exploratorio y descriptivo. La población engloba la participación de 60 estudiantes. Los resultados que se obtuvieron mediante la aplicación de la prueba PISA 2018 de la OCDE exteriorizan que los educandos se encuentran en un nivel 1 de lectura crítica, en el nivel de comprensión lectora se identificó un bajo desempeño con la calificación promedio de 12,2 sobre 20 en la aplicación de la prueba dentro de las debilidades se ubica la limitada capacidad de realizar análisis y argumentaciones. Ante lo expuesto, el nivel de comprensión involucra un ejercicio de valoración y de formación de juicios propios del lector iniciando en el texto y conocimientos previos, con respuestas subjetivas sobre personajes, autor, contenido e imágenes literarias.
Filamentary Structures Formation around a Magnetic Pore Using High-resolution Observations of the Goode Solar Telescope
Authors: Zhao Jie , Yu Fu , Zhu Xiaoshuai , Yang Xu , Su Jiangtao , Schmieder Brigitte , Li Hui , Cao Wenda 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
With the aid of high-resolution spatial and temporal observations from the Goode Solar Telescope, we present an investigation of the emergence, coalescence, and submergence of a moving magnetic feature (MMF) in the region surrounding a magnetic pore located at the periphery of a large sunspot. The results show that the MMF has a magnetic field strength greater than 500 G and is dominated by the horizontal magnetic component. We observe upflow at the inner part and downflow at the outer part, indicating a pattern of Evershed flow. The MMF emergence is accompanied by the expansion of a granule, which has several striations inside just like the twisted features found in the penumbra filament. Our analysis shows that although these striations have different properties of magnetic field and kinematics during the expansion of the granule, the overall magnetic and dynamic properties of the MMF remain stable. We find that the region where the MMF emerges and submerges becomes more penumbra-like, i.e., adjacent positive and negative values of elongated magnetic features that are parallel to each other, while the optical penumbra-like features are not apparent at the same time. Our work indicates that the dynamics of the MMF near the magnetic pore is important for the development of filamentary structure. The magnetic configuration produced by an MMF together with the elongation of a granule could thus be key to understand the formation of penumbra filaments.
The Kraft Break Sharply Divides Low-mass and Intermediate-mass Stars
Authors: Beyer Alexa C. , White Russel J. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Main-sequence stars transition at mid-F spectral types from slowly rotating (cooler stars) to rapidly rotating (hotter stars), a transition known as the Kraft Break and attributed to the disappearance of the outer convective envelope, causing magnetic braking to become ineffective. To define this Break more precisely, we assembled spectroscopic measurements of 405 F stars within 33.33 pc. Once young, evolved, and candidate binary stars are removed, the distribution of projected rotational velocities shows the Break to be well defined and relatively sharp. Nearly all stars redder than G
BP − G
RP = 0.60 mag are slowly rotating (vsini ≲20 km s−1), while only 4 of 32 stars bluer than G
BP − G
RP = 0.54 mag are slowly rotating, consistent with that expected for a random distribution of inclinations. The Break is centered at an effective temperature of 6550 K and has a width of about 200 K, corresponding to a mass range of 1.32–1.41 M
⊙. The Break is ∼450 K hotter than the stellar temperature at which hot Jupiters show a change in their obliquity distribution, often attributed to tidal realignment. The Break, as defined above, is nearly but not fully established in the ∼650 Myr Hyades cluster; it should be established in populations older than 1 Gyr. We propose that the Kraft Break provides a more useful division, for both professional and pedagogical purposes, between what are called low-mass stars and intermediate-mass stars; the Kraft Break is observationally well defined and is linked to a change in stellar structure.
Not-so-little Red Dots: Two Massive and Dusty Starbursts at z ∼ 5–7 Pushing the Limits of Star Formation Discovered by JWST in the COSMOS-Web Survey
Authors: Gentile Fabrizio , Casey Caitlin M. , Akins Hollis B. , Franco Maximilien , McKinney Jed , Berman Edward , Cooper Olivia R. , Drakos Nicole E. , Hirschmann Michaela , Long Arianna S. , Magdis Georgios , Koekemoer Anton M. , Kokorev Vasily , Shuntov Marko , Talia Margherita , Allen Natalie , Harish Santosh , Ilbert Olivier , McCracken Henry Joy , Kartaltepe Jeyhan S. , Liu Daizhong , Paquereau Louise , Rhodes Jason , Rich Michael R. , Robertson Brant E. , Toft Sune , Gozaliasl Ghassem 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We present the properties of two candidate massive (M
⋆ ∼ 1011
M
⊙) and dusty (A
v > 2.5 mag) galaxies at z = 5–7 in the first 0.28 deg2 of the COSMOS-Web survey. One object is spectroscopically confirmed at z
spec = 5.051, while the other has a robust z
phot = 6.7 ± 0.3. Thanks to their extremely red colors (F277W–F444W ∼ 1.7 mag), these galaxies satisfy the nominal color selection for the widely studied “little red dot” (LRD) population with the exception of their spatially resolved morphologies. The morphology of our targets allows us to conclude that their red continuum is dominated by highly obscured stellar emission and not by reddened nuclear activity. Using a variety of spectral energy distribution fitting tools and star formation histories, we estimate the stellar masses to be

log
(

M

⋆

)
=

11.32

−
0.15

+
0.07

M

⊙

and

log
(

M

⋆

)
=

11.2

−
0.2

+
0.1

M

⊙

, respectively, with a red continuum emission dominated by a recent episode of star formation. We then compare their number density to the halo mass function to infer stellar baryon fractions of ϵ
⋆ ∼ 0.25 and ϵ
⋆ ∼ 0.5. Both are significantly higher than what is commonly observed in lower-z galaxies or more dust-obscured galaxies at similar redshifts. With very bright ultra-high-z Lyman-Break Galaxies and some non-AGN-dominated LRDs, such “extended” LRDs represent another population that may require very efficient star formation at early times.
Insight-HXMT, NICER, and NuSTAR Views to the Newly Discovered Black Hole X-Ray Binary Swift J151857.0–572147
Authors: Peng Jing-Qiang , Zhang Shu , Shui Qing-Cang , Chen Yu-Peng , Zhang Shuang-Nan , Kong Ling-Da , Santangelo A. , Yu Zhuo-Li , Ji Long , Wang Peng-Ju , Chang Zhi , Li Jian , Li Zhao-sheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The systematic properties are largely unknown for the black hole X-ray binary Swift J151857.0–572147 newly discovered in the 2024 outburst. The nature of a black hole can be completely defined by specifying the mass and dimensionless spin parameter. Therefore, accurate measurement of the two fundamental parameters is important for understanding the nature of black holes. The joint spectral fitting of a reflection component with simultaneous observations from Insight-HXMT, NICER, and NuSTAR reveals for the first time a black hole dimensionless spin of

0.84

−
0.26

+
0.17

and an inclination angle of

21.1

−
3.6

+
4.5

degrees for this system. Monitoring of the soft state by NICER results in disk flux and temperature following

F

disk

∝

T

in

3.83
±
0.17

. For the standard thin disk,

L

disk

≈
4
π

R

in

2

σ

T

in

4

, so the relationship between the flux and temperature of the disk we measured indicates that the inner radius of the disk is stable and the disk is in the innermost stable circular orbit. With an empirical relation built previously between the black hole outburst profile and the intrinsic power output, the source distance is estimated as 5.8 ± 2.5 kpc according to the outburst profile and peak flux observed by Insight-HXMT and NICER. Finally, a black hole mass of 3.67 ± 1.79–8.07 ± 4.20M
⊙ can be inferred from a joint diagnostic of the aforementioned parameters measured for this system. This system is also consistent with most black hole X-ray binaries with high spin and a mass in the range of 5–20 M
⊙.
New Transit Timing Observations of WASP-12b from TESS Sectors 71 and 72
Authors: Shen Zoutong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
I present new transit and occultation timing measurements for the hot Jupiter WASP-12b using data from TESS Sectors 71 and 72, observed in 2023. Using full-phase curve fitting for the first time, I precisely locate both transits and occultations. I report 34 new transit times and sector-specific occultation times, updating the orbital decay rate to −26.310 ± 0.901 ms yr−1. My analysis strongly favors the orbital decay model over constant period and apsidal precession models.
New Sample of Ultracool Dwarf Benchmarks with Detailed Chemical Characterization
Authors: Fisher Lucia , Gerasimov Roman , Kirby Evan N. , Burgasser Adam J. , Hsu Chih-Chun , Weiss Lauren M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Ultracool dwarfs (UCDs) are considered prime targets for galactic archeology due to their abundance, long lifespans, and the sensitivity of their spectra to chemical composition. To calibrate larger surveys, a sample of benchmark UCDs with robust abundances is necessary. We present [Fe/H], [α/Fe] and abundances of 13 elements, inferred from high-resolution spectra of 13 FGK primaries hosting a UCD companion. For a subset of our sample with APOGEE observations, individual abundances agree within 0.06 dex on average.
Re-description of 1st instar larva of Osmylus fulvicephalus (Scopoli, 1763) (Neuroptera, Osmylidae) based on naming system of sclerites
Authors: Mao Haohan , Liu Zhiqi , Wu San-An , Xu Han 
Published: September 2024

Osmylus fulvicephalus (Scopoli, 1763), the type species of the Osmylidae, has garnered significant research interest in taxonomy, particularly regarding its larval stages. To date, most studies have focused on the third instar larvae, but ignore the first instar larvae with the rough and incomplete morphological descriptions. This lack of studies has led to an unclear understanding of the morphological differences between larval stages, making it challenging to identify larvae, distinguish different osmylid species or even reconstruct phylogeny.
In this study, the first instar larva of O. fulvicephalus was re-described in detail and illustrated, based on the naming system of sclerites. Based on this, it could be effectively distinguished from other species by the following characteristics: i) number of segments in the labial palpi; ii) the setae beard on the apex of antenna; iii) the number of transversal rows of the anal hooks. In addition, we compared the sclerites and other morphological characteristics with the third instar larvae of Osmylus fulvicephalus to better distinguish larvae at different developmental stages.
Au présent des livres. Judith Schlanger lectrice
Authors: Neefs Jacques 
Published: September 2024

La singularité et la force de l’œuvre de Judith Schlanger, telle qu’on peut la suivre dans son temps long, tiennent à l’attention que cette œuvre porte aux temporalités et aux champs divers de « l’invention intellectuelle » : considérer celle-ci comme une « activité poétique », consiste à s’attacher aux redistributions profondes qui marquent diversement les présents de la pensée. Le neuf, l’oubli, la reprise qui déplace, sont l’objet d’investigations attachées à la vertu du langage dans la constitution de « la mémoire des œuvres ». Explorer la mémoire culturelle impose de se déprendre du temps comme durée séquentielle au profit de la fécondité d’une « coexistence focalisée ». L’anachronique peut devenir une carrière pour la compréhension des temps et des présents, en particulier par l’intensité conjointe d’une lecture et d’une écriture, comme en témoigne la lecture de La Guerre et la paix que Judith Schlanger donne dans Une histoire de l’intense.
Juan de Pareja : figure historique et personnage dramatique au XIX e siècle
Authors: Cooper Barbara T. 
Published: September 2024

La vie de Juan de Pareja, esclave afro-hispanique du peintre espagnol Vélasquez, puis artiste autonome, est racontée dans des textes encyclopédiques, journalistiques, historiques et littéraires tout au long du xix e siècle. Cet article propose d’examiner Pareja tel qu’il figure dans deux pièces de théâtre non jouées sur des scènes institutionnelles : Juan de Paréja, drame en un acte, en vers de Jacques Bornet et Le Mulâtre, ou l’Atelier de Vélasquez, comédie historique en trois actes d’Auguste de Roosmalen, afin de voir comment ces auteurs ont retracé l’histoire de la vie de cet homme pour des lecteurs et d’éventuels spectateurs du xix e siècle. Les éléments propres à l’écriture dramatique aident-ils à le présenter comme un individu doté d’une intériorité psychologique, d’une conscience de son statut d’artiste et d’homme « dévalorisé » par la couleur de sa peau malgré son génie ?
« Cette vaste fourmilière de têtes noires » : formes et usage de la foule noire dans le roman d’aventures
Authors: Faggianelli Paule 
Published: September 2024

Cet article se propose d’analyser l’image de la foule noire dans le roman d’aventure, au croisement des impératifs génériques qui viennent structurer l’utilisation du stéréotype. En tant qu’élément spectaculaire, elle vient construire une typicité africaine, investissant des tropes descriptifs pour les insérer dans une narration marquée par des péripéties violentes. Nous cherchons à analyser l’usage de ce stéréotype dans le roman d’aventures en étudiant son fonctionnement sémantique, pour montrer comment il s’insère dans les formes populaires de l’exotisme dans la seconde partie du xix e siècle. Informée par une lecture brutale de la confrontation des « races », la stéréotypie associée à la foule prend alors part, depuis le récit, aux discours impériaux en métropole.
N-Glycan Branching Regulates BTLA Opposite to PD-1 to Limit T Cell Hyperactivity Induced by Branching Deficiency
Authors: Mkhikian Haik , Zhou Raymond W , Saryan Hayk , Sánchez Christofer Daniel , Balakrishnan Aswath , Dang Justin , Mortales Christie-Lynn , Demetriou Michael 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
N-glycan branching is a potent and multifaceted negative regulator of proinflammatory T cell and B cell function. By promoting multivalent galectin–glycoprotein lattice formation at the cell surface, branching regulates clustering and/or endocytosis of the TCR complex (TCR+CD4/CD8), CD45, CD25, BCR, TLR2 and TLR4 to inhibit T cell and B cell activation/proliferation and proinflammatory TH1 and TH17 over TH2 and induced T regulatory cell responses. In addition, branching promotes cell surface retention of the growth inhibitory receptor CTLA-4. However, the role of N-glycan branching in regulating cell surface levels of other checkpoint receptors such as BTLA (B and T lymphocyte attenuator) and PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1) is unknown. In this study, we report that whereas branching significantly enhances PD-1 cell surface expression by reducing loss from endocytosis, the opposite occurs with BTLA in both T cells and B cells. T cell hyperactivity induced by branching deficiency was opposed by BTLA ligation proportional to increased BTLA expression. Other members of the BTLA/HVEM (herpesvirus entry mediator) signaling axis in T cells, including HVEM, LIGHT, and CD160, are largely unaltered by branching. Thus, branching-mediated endocytosis of BTLA is opposite of branching-induced inhibition of PD-1 endocytosis. In this manner, branching deficiency–induced upregulation of BTLA appears to serve as a checkpoint to limit extreme T cell hyperactivity and proinflammatory outcomes in T cells with low branching.