bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning of length‐scale and observation‐error for radar data assimilation using four dimensional variational (4D‐Var) method
Authors: Choi Yonghan , Cha Dong‐Hyun , Kim Joowan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe effects of tuning of length‐scale and observation‐error on heavy rainfall forecasts are investigated. Length scale and observation error are tuned based on observation minus background (O − B) covariances and theoretically expected cost function values, respectively. Tuned length scale and observation error are applied to radar data assimilation using the Four Dimensional Variational (4D‐Var) method. Length‐scale tuning leads to improved Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (QPF) skill for heavy precipitation, better analyses, and reduced errors of wind, temperature, humidity, and hydrometeor forecasts. The effects of observation‐error tuning are not as significant as those of length‐scale tuning, and they are limited to improvements in QPF skill. This is because tuned observation errors are close to pre‐assumed values. Proper tuning of length‐scale and observation‐error is essential for radar data assimilation using the 4D‐Var method.
Simultaneous determination of amlodipine and metoprolol in their combined dosage form using a synchronous fluorescence spectrofluorimetric method
Authors: Mabrouk Mokhtar M. , Hammad Sherin F. , El‐Malla Samah F. , Elshenawy Eman A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHighly sensitive, rapid, accurate and precise synchronous fluorescence spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for simultaneous analysis of a mixture of amlodipine (AMD) and metoprolol (MET). The method relies on measuring the relative synchronous fluorescence intensity of both drugs at Δλof 90 nm in acetate buffer solution at pH 5. The experimental parameters influencing the developed method were investigated and optimized. The method was linear over the ranges 0.2–2 μg/ml and 0.5–10 μg/ml for AMD and MET, respectively. The limits of detection were 50 ng/ml for AMD and 130 ng/ml for MET while the limits of quantitation were 150 ng/ml for AMD and 390 ng/ml for MET. The developed method was applied successfully for the determination of the two drugs in their co‐formulated tablet. The mean percent recoveries were found to be 100.51 and 99.57 for AMD and MET, respectively.
Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast has a better long‐term survival than invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast in spite of its aggressive clinical presentations: a comparison based on large population database and case–control analysis
Authors: Chen Hongliang , Wu Kejin , Wang Maoli , Wang Fuwen , Zhang Mingdi , Zhang Peng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThere are controversies in the comparison of overall survival between invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast (IMPC) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). The objective of this study was to compare the long‐term survival outcome between non‐metastatic IMPC and IDC. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was searched to identify women with non‐metastatic IMPC and IDC diagnosed between 2001 and 2013. Comparisons of patient and tumor characteristics were performed using Pearson's chi‐square. The propensity score matching method was applied with each IMPC matched to one IDC. Breast cancer‐specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier product limit method and compared across groups using the log‐rank statistic. Multivariate analysis was performed through Cox models. IMPC was presented with aggressive clinical presentations such as larger tumor, more positive lymph nodes, and more advanced stage compared with IDC. A higher rate of estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) positivity was also observed in IMPC. With a median follow‐up of 64 months, IMPC had a better BCSS (P = 0.031) and OS (P = 0.012) compared with IDC. In a case–control analysis IMPC was still an independent favorable prognostic factor for BCSS (HR = 0.410, P < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.293–0.572) and OS (HR = 0.497, P < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.387–0.637). In subgroup analysis, IMPC always showed a better survival outcome compared with IDC except in AJCC stage I and histologic grade I disease. IMPC has a better long‐term survival outcome compared with IDC in spite of its highly aggressive clinical presentation.
Low‐Cost and Scaled‐Up Production of Fluorine‐Free, Substrate‐Independent, Large‐Area Superhydrophobic Coatings Based on Hydroxyapatite Nanowire Bundles
Authors: Chen Fei‐Fei , Yang Zi‐Yue , Zhu Ying‐Jie , Xiong Zhi‐Chao , Dong Li‐Ying , Lu Bing‐Qiang , Wu Jin , Yang Ri‐Long 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTo date, the scaled‐up production and large‐area applications of superhydrophobic coatings are limited because of complicated procedures, environmentally harmful fluorinated compounds, restrictive substrates, expensive equipment, and raw materials usually involved in the fabrication process. Herein, the facile, low‐cost, and green production of superhydrophobic coatings based on hydroxyapatite nanowire bundles (HNBs) is reported. Hydrophobic HNBs are synthesised by using a one‐step solvothermal method with oleic acid as the structure‐directing and hydrophobic agent. During the reaction process, highly hydrophobic C−H groups of oleic acid molecules can be attached in situ to the surface of HNBs through the chelate interaction between Ca2+ ions and carboxylic groups. This facile synthetic method allows the scaled‐up production of HNBs up to about 8 L, which is the largest production scale of superhydrophobic paint based on HNBs ever reported. In addition, the design of the 100 L reaction system is also shown. The HNBs can be coated on any substrate with an arbitrary shape by the spray‐coating technique. The self‐cleaning ability in air and oil, high‐temperature stability, and excellent mechanical durability of the as‐prepared superhydrophobic coatings are demonstrated. More importantly, the HNBs are coated on large‐sized practical objects to form large‐area superhydrophobic coatings.
Chemistry of Graphene Derivatives: Synthesis, Applications, and Perspectives
Authors: Sturala Jiri , Luxa Jan , Pumera Martin , Sofer Zdeněk 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe chemistry of graphene and its derivatives is one of the hottest topics of current material science research. The derivatisation of graphene is based on various approaches, and to date functionalization with halogens, hydrogen, various functional groups containing oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus, boron, and several other elements have been reported. Most of these functionalizations are based on sp3 hybridization of carbon atoms in the graphene skeleton, which means the formation of out‐of‐plane covalent bonds. Several elements were also reported for substitutional modification of graphene, where the carbon atoms are substituted with atoms like nitrogen, boron, and several others. From tens of functional groups, for only two of them were reported full functionalization of graphene skeleton and formation of its stoichiometric counterparts, fluorographene and hydrogenated graphene. The functionalization of graphene is crucial for most of its applications including energy storage and conversion devices, electronic and optic applications, composites, and many others.
One‐Step Synthesis of B/N Co‐doped Graphene as Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Synergistic Effect of Impurities
Authors: Mazánek Vlastimil , Matějková Stanislava , Sedmidubský David , Pumera Martin , Sofer Zdeněk 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn the last decade, numerous studies of graphene doping by various metal and nonmetal elements have been done in order to obtain tailored properties, such as non‐zero band gap, electrocatalytic activity, or controlled optical properties. From nonmetal elements, boron and nitrogen were the most studied dopants. Recently, it has been shown that in some cases the enhanced electrocatalytic activity of graphene and its derivatives can be attributed to metal impurities rather than to nonmetal elements. In this paper, we investigated the electrocatalytical properties of B/N co‐doped graphene with respect to the content of metallic impurities introduced by the synthesis procedures. For this purpose, a permanganate (Hummers) and a chlorate (Hofmann) route were used for the preparation of the starting graphene oxides (GO). The GO used for the synthesis of B/N co‐doped graphene had significantly difference compositions of oxygen functionalities as well as metallic impurities introduced by the different synthetic procedures. We performed a detailed structural and chemical analysis of the doped graphene samples to correlate their electrocatalytic activity with the concentration of incorporated boron and nitrogen as well as metallic impurities.
C−H Insertions by Iron Porphyrin Carbene: Basic Mechanism and Origin of Substrate Selectivity
Authors: Khade Rahul L. , Zhang Yong 
Published: October 2017

AbstractRecent experimental reports of heme carbene C−H insertions show promising results for sustainable chemistry due to good yield and selectivity, low cost of iron, and low/no toxicity of hemes. But mechanistic details are mostly unknown. Despite structural similarity and isoelectronic nature between heme carbene and the FeIV=O intermediate, our quantum chemical studies with detailed geometric and electronic information for the first time reveal an FeII‐based, concerted, hydride‐transfer mechanism, which is different from the FeIV‐based stepwise hydrogen atom transfer mechanism for C−H functionalization by native heme enzymes. A trend of broad range experimental C−H insertion yields (0–88 %) of five different C−H bonds, including mostly non‐functionalized moieties, was well reproduced. Results suggest that the substrate selectivity originates from the hydride formation capability. The predicted kinetic isotope effects were also in excellent agreement with experiment. Useful geometry, charge, and energy parameters well correlated with barriers were reported. These results provide the first theoretical evidence that carbene formation is the overall rate‐limiting step, and suggest a key role of the formation of strong electrophilic heme carbene in developing heme‐based C−H insertion catalysts and biocatalysts.
Synthetic Approaches to Trifluoromethylselenolated Compounds
Authors: Tlili Anis , Ismalaj Ermal , Glenadel Quentin , Ghiazza Clément , Billard Thierry 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe association of trifluoromethyl group to chalcogens gives new fluorinated substituents with specific properties, mainly in term of lipophilicity. The trifluoromethylselenyl group is the last of the series that has been studied and despite pioneering approaches in the late 1960s, CF3Se chemistry has been scarcely developed over the last decades. Some modern and efficient methods to obtain trifluoromethylselenolated molecules have recently emerged. This Review describes the advancements that have been reported.
Circular Economy 4.0 – Technological Changes, Challenges, and Approaches, a Recycler's Point of View
Authors: Kempkes Philipp , Fendel Ansgar , von Smuda Jörg , Wilms Herwart , Zahn Herbert 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn vielen Bereichen der Kreislaufwirtschaft zeichnen sich deutliche Veränderungen ab, die zu großen Teilen durch den Einzug der Informatisierung in die moderne industrielle Produktion bedingt sind. Mit diesem Beitrag sollen die Auswirkungen dieser Veränderungen auf die Stoffströme der Kreislaufwirtschaft und insb. der Recyclingindustrie aus Sicht der letzteren näher beleuchten und, wo möglich, Wege aufgezeigt werden, sich auf die neue Situation einzustellen und weiterhin marktgerecht und wirtschaftlich zu agieren.
Sleep disturbance in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer: The role of hot flashes and nocturia
Authors: Gonzalez Brian D. , Small Brent J. , Cases Mallory G. , Williams Noelle L. , Fishman Mayer N. , Jacobsen Paul B. , Jim Heather S.L. 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUNDPatients with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) are at risk of sleep disturbance; however, to the authors' knowledge, the mechanisms by which ADT may affect sleep are not well understood. The current study compared objective and subjective sleep disturbance in ADT recipients and controls and examined whether sleep disturbance in ADT recipients is attributable to the influence of ADT on hot flashes and nocturia.METHODSPatients with prostate cancer were assessed before or within 1 month after the initiation of ADT as well as 6 months and 12 months later (78 patients). Patients with prostate cancer were treated with prostatectomy only (99 patients) and men with no history of cancer (108 men) were assessed at similar intervals. Participants self‐reported their sleep disturbance (Insomnia Severity Index) and interference from hot flashes (Hot Flash Related Daily Interference Scale). One hundred participants also wore actigraphs for 3 days at the 6‐month assessment to measure objective sleep disturbance and reported their nocturia frequency.RESULTSADT recipients reported worse sleep disturbance, higher rates of clinically significant sleep disturbance, and greater hot flash interference than controls (Ps≤.03). In cross‐sectional analyses among those with actigraphy data, ADT recipients had greater objective sleep disturbance and more episodes of nocturia (Ps<.01). Cross‐sectional mediation analyses demonstrated that the association between ADT and objectively and subjectively measured sleep disturbance was partly attributable to nocturia and hot flashes (Ps<.05).CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study suggest that the association between ADT and sleep may be partly explained by nocturia and hot flash interference. Future studies should examine behavioral and pharmacologic interventions to address these symptoms among ADT recipients.Cancer2018;124:499‐506.©2017 American Cancer Society.
Long‐term patient‐reported outcomes from an open‐label safety and efficacy study of bosutinib in Philadelphia chromosome–positive chronic myeloid leukemia patients resistant or intolerant to prior therapy
Authors: Kantarjian Hagop M. , Mamolo Carla M. , Gambacorti‐Passerini Carlo , Cortes Jorge E. , Brümmendorf Tim H. , Su Yun , Reisman Arlene L. , Shapiro Mark , Lipton Jeff H. 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUNDHealth‐related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with chronic‐phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is important because of the requirement for long‐term treatment. This study assessed HRQOL in bosutinib‐treated patients with Philadelphia chromosome–positive CML and resistance or intolerance to 1 (chronic‐phase second‐line [CP2L]) or more (chronic‐phase third‐line [CP3L]) tyrosine kinase inhibitors who had 264 weeks or more of follow‐up (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00261846).METHODSPatient‐reported HRQOL was assessed with the EuroQol 5‐Dimensions Questionnaire (EQ‐5D) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Leukemia (FACT‐Leu).RESULTSIn total, 284 and 119 patients composed the CP2L and CP3L cohorts, respectively. At treatment completion, more than 50% of the patients in the CP2L and CP3L cohorts completed the EQ‐5D and FACT‐Leu assessments. The EQ‐5D and EQ‐5D visual analog scale scores were stable in both cohorts throughout treatment. The mean FACT‐Leu scores were generally stable over time but were lower in magnitude in the CP3L cohort versus the CP2L cohort. The FACT‐Leu scale scores of a subset of patients with chronic diarrhea (CP2L, n = 101; CP3L, n = 30) were similar to the scores of the larger cohorts. Minimally important differences (MIDs) from baseline for the FACT‐Leu scale scores were observed for the following: emotional well‐being (EWB), Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–General (FACT‐G) Total, FACT‐Leu Total, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Trial Outcome Index (FACT‐TOI) in the CP2L cohort and FACT‐Leu Total in the CP3L cohort. Among patients with chronic diarrhea, MIDs were observed for EWB, FACT‐G Total, FACT‐Leu Total, and FACT‐TOI in the CP2L cohort and for EWB, FACT‐G Total, and FACT‐Leu Total in the CP3L cohort.CONCLUSIONSHRQOL was maintained with long‐term bosutinib treatment for patients with CP2L and CP3L CML. Cancer 2018;124:587‐95. © 2017 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
DNER and NFIA are expressed by developing and mature AII amacrine cells in the mouse retina
Authors: Keeley Patrick W. , Reese Benjamin E. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe present study has taken advantage of publicly available cell type specific mRNA expression databases in order to identify potential genes participating in the development of retinal AII amacrine cells. We profile two such genes, Delta/Notch‐like EGF repeat containing (Dner) and nuclear factor I/A (Nfia), that are each heavily expressed in AII amacrine cells in the mature mouse retina, and which conjointly identify this retinal cell population in its entirety when using antibodies to DNER and NFIA. DNER is present on the plasma membrane, while NFIA is confined to the nucleus, consistent with known functions of each of these two proteins. DNER also identifies some other subsets of retinal ganglion and amacrine cell types, along with horizontal cells, while NFIA identifies a subset of bipolar cells as well as Muller glia and astrocytes. During early postnatal development, NFIA labels astrocytes on the day of birth, AII amacrine cells at postnatal (P) day 5, and Muller glia by P10, when horizontal cells also transiently exhibit NFIA immunofluorescence. DNER, by contrast, is present in ganglion and amacrine cells on P1, also labeling the horizontal cells by P10. Developing AII amacrine cells exhibit accumulating DNER labeling at the dendritic stalk, labeling that becomes progressively conspicuous by P10, as it is in maturity. This developmental time course is consistent with a prospective role for each gene in the differentiation of AII amacrine cells.
Image enhancement variational methods for enabling strong cost reduction in OLED‐based point‐of‐care immunofluorescent diagnostic systems
Authors: Lazzaro D. , Morigi S. , Melpignano P. , Loli Piccolomini E. , Benini L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractImmunofluorescence diagnostic systems cost is often dominated by high‐sensitivity, low‐noise CCD‐based cameras that are used to acquire the fluorescence images. In this paper, we investigate the use of low‐cost CMOS sensors in a point‐of‐care immunofluorescence diagnostic application for the detection and discrimination of 4 different serotypes of the Dengue virus in a set of human samples. A 2‐phase postprocessing software pipeline is proposed, which consists in a first image‐enhancement stage for resolution increasing and segmentation and a second diagnosis stage for the computation of the output concentrations. We present a novel variational coupled model for the joint super‐resolution and segmentation stage and an automatic innovative image analysis for the diagnosis purpose. A specially designed forward backward–based numerical algorithm is introduced, and its convergence is proved under mild conditions. We present results on a cheap prototype CMOS camera compared with the results of a more expensive CCD device, for the detection of the Dengue virus with a low‐cost OLED light source. The combination of the CMOS sensor and the developed postprocessing software allows to correctly identify the different Dengue serotype using an automatized procedure. The results demonstrate that our diagnostic imaging system enables camera cost reduction up to 99%, at an acceptable diagnostic accuracy, with respect to the reference CCD‐based camera system. The correct detection and identification of the Dengue serotypes have been confirmed by standard diagnostic methods (RT‐PCR and ELISA).
A Templateless Electropolymerization Approach to Nanorings Using Substituted 3,4‐Naphthalenedioxythiophene (NaPhDOT) Monomers
Authors: Gbilimou André , Darmanin Thierry , Godeau Guilhem , Guittard Frédéric 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe formation of highly ordered surface structures is fundamental for various applications. Due to their rapidity of implementation and their cost, templateless processes are extremely interesting alternatives to the use of templates or lithographic processes. With the aim to prepare porous structures such as nanotubes, templateless electropolymerization was found to be a unique process. Based on previous works, we have synthesized 3,4‐naphthalenedioxythiophene (NaPhDOT) monomers substituted with alkyl chains (n=2 to 10), phenyl and naphthalene substituents. In particular, NaphDOT substituted with naphthalene (NaphDOT−Na) leads for the first time to relatively densely packed nanorings while their internal diameter is controllable with the number of deposition scans. Compared to previous works, which lead to nanotubes from non‐substituted NaphDOT and 3,4‐phenylenedioxythiophene substituted with naphthalene (PheDOT−Na), with NaphDOT−Na we observe a very important decrease in the polymer growth. As a consequence, only the initial peripherical nucleation around the gas bubbles is possible, leading to nanorings, because their growth into nanotubes is impeded by their low conductivity.
Multi‐Component Uptake of Dye Molecules by Films of Nanoporous Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Saghanejhadtehrani Mahnaz , Schneider Erik K. , Heinke Lars 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNanoporous materials, such as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), enable the separation of various molecular mixtures. Thus, detailed knowledge of multi‐component diffusion properties of the guest molecules in the pores is vital. Here, UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy combined with step‐by‐step‐synthesized MOF films with high transparency are used to measure the multi‐component dye uptake and diffusion in a straightforward fashion. The time‐resolved single‐component, binary‐ and ternary‐mixture uptakes of methylene blue (MB), nuclear fast red (NFR) and acid yellow 17 (AY) by MOF films of type HKUST‐1 from ethanolic solutions with low dye concentrations were investigated. It was found that the diffusion of MB is approximately one order of magnitude slower than the diffusion of NFR or AY, independent of whether it is a single‐component uptake or a mixture uptake.