bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis B in Pregnancy Screening, Treatment, and Prevention of Vertical Transmission
Authors: Dionne-Odom J. , Tita A.T. , Silverman N.S. 
Published: November 2016

(Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016;214(1):6–14)
Obstetric providers are challenged continuously with the evaluation of the potential benefits and harms of new diagnostic and therapeutic procedures or treatments for patients (mother and fetus), often in the setting of limited high-quality data (eg, from randomized clinical trials). Between 800,000 and 1.4 million people in the United States and >240 million people worldwide are infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Specific to pregnancy, an estimated prevalence of 0.7% to 0.9% for chronic hepatitis B infection among pregnant women in the United States has been reported, with >25,000 infants at risk for infection born annually to these women. The purpose of this document is to aid clinicians in counseling their patients regarding the risk and management options available after receiving a positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test result.
Early Onset Preeclampsia and Cerebral Palsy: A Double Hit Model?
Authors: Mor O. , Stavsky M. , Yitshak-Sade M. , Mastrolia S.A. , Beer-Weisel R. , Rafaeli-Yehudai T. , Besser L. , Hamou B. , Mazor M. , Erez O. 
Published: November 2016

(Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016;214:105.e1–105.e9)
Premature birth, especially at <28 weeks of gestation, is the leading risk factor for the development of cerebral palsy (CP) at 2 to 3 years of age. The prevalence of CP rises in a positive correlation with the severity of premature delivery and can reach up to 15% in preterm neonates who are delivered at 24 to 27 weeks of gestation. Therefore, the aims of this study were to determine (1) the association between preeclampsia and CP and (2) the risk factors for the development of CP in these patients.
Planned Home VBAC in the United States, 2004 to 2009: Outcomes, Maternity Care Practices, and Implications for Shared Decision Making
Authors: Cox K.J. , Bovbjerg M.L. , Cheyney M. , Leeman L.M. 
Published: November 2016

(Birth 2015;42(4):299–308)
Approximately 32.7% of parturients in the United States had a cesarean delivery in 2013 and will have to choose between a repeat cesarean delivery or a trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) during subsequent pregnancies. Vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) rates decreased from 28.3% to 10.6% as hospitals and obstetricians stopped offering TOLAC services due to concerns regarding safety as there is risk for uterine rupture. Consequently, the proportion of home births in women who have undergone previous cesarean delivery has increased. Earlier studies using data from the Midwives Alliance of North America Statistics Project (MANA Stats) 2.0 cohort reported the outcomes of 16,924 planned home births of which 87% undergoing a TOLAC had a successful VBAC.
Incidence, Risk Factors, Management and Outcomes of Amniotic-fluid Embolism: A Population-based Cohort and Nested Case-Control Study
Authors: Fitzpatrick K.E. , Tuffnell D. , Kurinczuk J.J. , Knight M. 
Published: November 2016

(BJOG 2016;123:100–109)
Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare disorder, but it remains a leading cause of maternal mortality in high-income countries. The typical presentation includes sudden cardiovascular collapse without an obvious etiology, respiratory distress and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Because AFE is a rare condition with its diagnosis being one of exclusion, it is difficult to obtain reliable data about the disease. The goal of this study was to report on the incidence, risk factors, management, and outcomes of AFE based on recent data.
A Longitudinal Study to Evaluate Pregnancy-induced Endogenous Analgesia and Pain Modulation
Authors: Carvalho Brendan , Granot Michal , Sultan Pervez , Wilson Hilary , Landau Ruth 
Published: November 2016

(Reg Anesth Pain Med 2016;41:175–180)
Pregnancy-induced analgesia has been demonstrated in both animal and human studies, although the latter has yielded mixed results. The authors of the present study thus assessed inhibitory and excitatory pain modulation pathways during each trimester of pregnancy and during the postpartum period in healthy pregnant women. The objectives were to determine if conditioned pain modulation (CPM), mechanical temporal summation (mTS), and temperature-inducing pain 6 of 10 (pain-6) underwent pregnancy-related changes. CPM evaluates descending inhibitory pathways, and mTS evaluates excitatory pathway modulation. The authors hypothesized that there would be an increase in CPM and decrease in mTS during pregnancy, with changes resolving in the postpartum period.
A Smartphone-based Decision Support Tool Improves Test Performance Concerning Application of the Guidelines for Managing Regional Anesthesia in the Patient Receiving Antithrombotic or Thrombolytic Therapy
Authors: McEvoy M.D. , Hand W.R. , Stiegler M.P. , DiLorenzo A.N. , Ehrenfeld J.M. , Moran K.R. , Lekowski R. , Nunnally M.E. , Manning E.L. , Shi Y. , Shotwell M.S. , Gupta R.K. , Corey J.M. , Schell R.M. 
Published: November 2016

(Anesthesiology 2016;124:186–198)
Decision support tools (DSTs) are used by clinicians for easy decision-making due to a number of difficulties associated with using clinical guidelines. American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (ASRA) guidelines on regional anesthesia in the patient receiving antithrombotic or thrombolytic therapy are recognized guidelines world-wide, but due to the length of the document, most clinicians are unfamiliar with all the details mentioned in the guidelines.
Intracranial Subdural Hematoma Following Neuraxial Anesthesia in the Obstetric Population: A Literature Review With Analysis of 56 Reported Cases
Authors: Cuypers V. , Van de Velde M. , Devroe S. 
Published: November 2016

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2016;25:58–65)
Intracranial subdural hematoma is a rare but life-threatening complication of dural puncture that can occur following epidural or spinal anaesthesia. Severe neurological sequelae can be avoided, however, if early diagnosis is made and prompt treatment initiated. The objective of this study was to identify cases of intracranial subdural hematoma following neuraxial anesthesia in obstetric patients, summarize presentation and outcomes and identify risk factors.
Nationwide Incidence of Serious Complications of Epidural Analgesia in the United States
Authors: Rosero E.B. , Joshi G.P. 
Published: November 2016

(Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2016;60:810–820)
Epidural analgesia (EA) is the gold standard for labor analgesia and provides effective pain relief after cesarean delivery. However, serious complications like spinal hematoma and abscess can occur. Currently, published data on the incidence of these complications are conflicting and involve variable methodology, sample size limitations, and exclusive patient populations. In order to address these issues, the authors of the present study used a large, administrative national database to describe the incidence of in-hospital spinal hematoma and epidural abscess associated with EA in obstetric and nonobstetric patients. They also investigated the factors associated with an increased likelihood of these complications.
Surgical Management of Abnormally Invasive Placenta: A Retrospective Cohort Study Demonstrating the Benefits of a Standardized Operative Approach
Authors: Brennan D.J. , Schulze B. , Chetty N. , Crandon A. , Petersen S.G. , Gardener G. , Perrin L. 
Published: November 2016

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2015;94:1380–1386)
Research has established that one of the major causes of maternal morbidity and mortality is an abnormally invasive placenta (AIP). AIP occurs when all parts or particular parts of the placenta do not separate from the uterine wall following delivery; this includes placenta accreta, increta and percreta. Complications of surgery to treat this problem include urologic and bowel injury, sepsis, fistula formation, and complications associated with massive blood loss and transfusion. Hence the objective of this study was to assess the role of a gynecologic oncologist’s (GO) involvement in AIP cases with an emphasis on the surgical approach used and how this might affect maternal and neonatal morbidity.
Increasing Incidence of Postpartum Hemorrhage: The Dutch Piece of the Puzzle
Authors: Van Stralen G. , Von Schmidt Auf Altenstadt J.F. , Bloemenkamp K.W. , Van Roosmalen J. , Hukkelhoven C.W. 
Published: November 2016

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2016. [Epub ahead of print])
The global maternal mortality ratio has declined significantly since the 1990s and, currently, is very low in countries like the Netherlands (7/100,000 live births). One of the leading causes of maternal mortality is postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), defined in this study as >1000 mL blood loss within 24 hours of childbirth, regardless of delivery mode. PPH has recently been linked to several potential risk factors, ranging from ethnicity and obesity to cesarean section (planned and emergency) and augmented labor. However, studies are not consistent. In order to elucidate PPH trends and any associations that PPH may have with such risk factors, the authors of the present study described the incidence of PPH in the Netherlands over a period of 13 years (2000 to 2013).
Oral Nifedipine Versus Intravenous Labetalol for Severe Hypertension During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Shekhar S. , Gupta N. , Kirubakaran R. , Pareek P. 
Published: November 2016

(BJOG. 2016;123(1):40–47)
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy affect 10% of pregnant women, and are a major cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Oral nifedipine, along with intravenous labetalol and hydralazine, are recommended for the treatment of severe hypertension in parturients by most authorities. Despite the low cost, wide availability and easy administration of nifedipine, usage patterns suggest a strong preference among most physicians for the use of labetalol. This may reflect a lack of trust in oral nifedipine use for pregnant women among health care providers, perhaps due to reports of adverse cardiovascular events or concern about a potential effect on uterine activity. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of oral nifedipine for treatment of severe hypertension of pregnancy, compared with that of intravenous labetalol.
Immediate Delivery Compared With Expectant Management After Preterm Prelabor Rupture of the Membranes Close to Term (PPROMT Trial): A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Morris Jonathan M. , Roberts Christine L. , Bowen Jennifer R. , Patterson Jillian A. , Bond Diana M. , Algert Charles S. , Thornton Jim G. , Crowther Caroline A. 
Published: November 2016

(Lancet. 2016;387:444–452)
Rupture of the membranes before the onset of labor is a common problem, occurring in 20% of all births and 40% of preterm births. The management of preterm prelabor rupture of membranes close to term varies among different countries. The professional obstetric societies in the United States and United Kingdom do recommend immediate delivery from 34 weeks gestation onward. However, these recommendations are based on scant scientific evidence. The goal of this current study (named the PPROMT trial) was to establish whether immediate birth or expectant management resulted in better outcomes in the setting of ruptured membranes close to term in singleton pregnancies.
Comparing Variation in Hospital Rates of Cesarean Delivery Among Low-risk Women Using 3 Different Measures
Authors: Armstrong J.C. , Kozhimannil K.B. , McDermott P. , Saade G.R. , Srinivas S.K. 
Published: November 2016

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;214(2):153–163)
Maternity care clinicians and health care delivery systems have been working toward safely lowering the cesarean delivery rate in low-risk pregnancies. Currently, there are 2 low-risk cesarean delivery rate measures that are being used for hospital reporting: the first developed by The Joint Commission (TJC); and the second developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). The definition of “low-risk” according to both these measures includes term, singleton, live birth deliveries without high-risk diagnoses. However, both these measures are not clinically comprehensive.
Effects of Intrathecal κ-Opioid Receptor Agonist on Morphine-induced Itch and Antinociception in Mice
Authors: Sakakihara M. , Imamachi N. , Saito Y. 
Published: November 2016

(Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016;41:69–74)
The μ-opioid receptor agonist-induced itch is a common adverse effect associated with opioid pain treatment administered through systemic, spinal, and epidural routes. Studies have suggested that systemically administered κ-opioid receptor (KOR) agonists alleviate intrathecal morphine-induced itch; moreover, systemic KOR agonists in combination with intrathecal morphine display additive antinociceptive effects against a thermal stimulus in primates. However, adverse effects, such as insomnia induced by systemically administered KOR agonists, may limit the usefulness of their antipruritic effects in patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of intrathecal TRK-820 a KOR agonist, on intrathecal morphine-induced itch, antinociception, and sedation.
Anesthetic Management of a Parturient With Hypermobility Phenotype but Possible Vascular Genotype Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
Authors: Fedoruk Kelly , Chong Karen , Sermer Mathew , Carvalho Jose C.A. 
Published: November 2016

(Can J Anesth. 2015;62:1308–1312)
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a rare connective tissue disorder that has 6 major subtypes; it displays diverse symptoms. This syndrome poses a host of challenges in parturients. It causes hypermobility, pelvic pain, preterm delivery, perineal lacerations, and postpartum hemorrhage. Patients with vascular type EDS are susceptible to vascular and visceral fragility. Obstetricians and anesthesiologists face significant challenges in managing both vaginal and cesarean deliveries. The case report discussed the care of a woman who was diagnosed with hypermobility type EDS.
The PTSD Toolkit for Nurses
Authors: Hanrahan Nancy P. , Judge Kate , Olamijulo Grace , Seng Lisa , Lee Matthew , Wall Pamela Herbig , Leake Sandy C. , Czekanski Elizabeth , Thorne-Odem Suzanne , DeMartinis Erika E. , Kelly Ursula A. , Blair Lucas , Longmire Warren 
Published: November 2016

Abstract:
Approximately 20% of veterans suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). NPs are well positioned to provide early detection and assist veterans with access to life-saving treatment. The PTSD Toolkit for Nurses helps nurses improve their skills in assessing PTSD and provides a specialized intervention and referral procedure that promotes help-seeking behavior among veterans.
The follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer and noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP)
Authors: Scharpf Joseph , Kamani Dipti , Sadow Peter M. , Randolph Gregory W. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose of review
Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) is a new terminology proposed for encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (EFVPTC). Recently, thyroid cancer incidence has increased dramatically, without affecting related mortality rate. This increase is widely attributed to the intensified surveillance leading to a substantial increase in the diagnosis of small classic papillary thyroid cancers and EFVPTCs. Recent studies emphasize the indolent behavior of the EFVPTC. Recently, there has been a reclassification of EFVPTC as NIFTP, a benign entity. The financial and emotional burden of ‘cancer’ diagnosis and treatment can be significant.

Recent findings
This review recapitulates the literature supporting the reclassification of EFVPTC as NIFTP, a benign entity, and reviews standardized diagnostic criteria for EFVPTC.

Summary
The information highlighted in this review will affect surgical decision making and may promote the offering of hemithyroidectomy over a total thyroidectomy to some patients with ‘indeterminate’ cytopathological category; postoperative radioiodine ablation will not be required for NIFTP patients.
Amygdala-mediated mechanisms regulate visceral hypersensitivity in adult females following early life stress: importance of the glucocorticoid receptor and corticotropin-releasing factor
Authors: Prusator Dawn K. , Greenwood-Van Meerveld Beverley 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Alterations in amygdala activity are apparent in women who report a history of early life stress (ELS) and those diagnosed with chronic pain disorders. Chronic stress in adulthood induces visceral hypersensitivity by alterations in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) expression within the central amygdala (CeA). Here, we hypothesized that unpredictable ELS, previously shown to induce visceral hypersensitivity in adult female rats, alters GR and CRF expression in the CeA. After neonatal ELS, visceral sensitivity and GR and CRF gene expression were quantified in adult female rats. After unpredictable ELS, adult female rats exhibited visceral hypersensitivity and increased expression of GR and CRF in the CeA. After predictable ELS, adult female rats demonstrated normosensitive behavioral pain responses and upregulation of GR but not CRF in the CeA. After the ELS paradigms, visceral sensitivity and gene expression within the CeA were unaffected in adult male rats. The role of GR and CRF in modulating visceral sensitivity in adult female rats after ELS was investigated using oligodeoxynucleotide sequences targeted to the CeA for knockdown of GR or CRF. Knockdown of GR increased visceral sensitivity in all rats but revealed an exaggerated visceral hypersensitivity in females with a history of predictable or unpredictable ELS compared with that of controls. Knockdown of CRF expression or antagonism of CRF1R in the CeA attenuated visceral hypersensitivity after unpredictable ELS. This study highlights a shift in GR and CRF regulation within the CeA after ELS that underlies the development of visceral hypersensitivity in adulthood.
An Autoethnographic Story of Abuse: Healing and Finding Hope Through a Sexual Health Promotion Project for Adolescents With Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Murray B. Lee 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
This case report is the story of my son's alleged abuse, told from my perspective. At the time, Jordan, a boy with Down syndrome, was 14 years old when his disclosure of sexual abuse by a school employee occurred. As part of the healing process, I use autoethnography to tell the story. I also describe and discuss a school-based program, which I developed and deliver, to provide sexual health promotion and sexual abuse prevention to adolescents with developmental disabilities.
The Experiences of Registered Nurses Who are Injured by Interpersonal Violence While on Duty in an Emergency Department
Authors: Wright-Brown Salena , Sekula Kathleen , Gillespie Gordon , Zoucha Rick 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
A successful career as an emergency department registered nurse (RN) requires the ability to respond quickly to a wide variety of potentially life-threatening illnesses and injuries. The unpredictable nature of this work can evoke emotional and physical stress on the RN beyond that which might be experienced by nurses who work in more stable, controlled, and predictable environments. Emergency healthcare is predicated on unexpected illness or injury leading to unscheduled episodic work. Additional stress is placed on the RN by the potential for violence that occurs in emergency departments. This mixed method pilot study describes the experiences of RNs who have been injured by violence while working in an emergency department. The study included an assessment of the job satisfaction of RNs in the emergency department based on Porter's Need Satisfaction Scale. This scale addresses need fulfillment in five categories: security, social, esteem, autonomy, and self-actualization. The self-actualization subscale measures satisfaction with personal growth, worthwhile accomplishments, and self-fulfillment. During the second strand of the study, phenomenological informed interviews were held with RNs who had been injured while on duty in an emergency department. The findings indicate that the largest reported gaps between the current state and the desired state were found in the area of security and self-actualization. RNs in the emergency department who answered the survey indicated that they desired a safe, secure worksite where they could achieve personal growth, worthwhile accomplishments, and self-fulfillment; but they were not satisfied with their current status in these areas.
SANE-A-PALOOZA: Logistical Development and Implementation of a Clinical Immersion Course for Sexual Assault Nurse Examiners
Authors: Baker Jodi , Kelly Patricia J. , Carlson Kimberly , Colbert Sharon , Cordle Carolyn , Witt Jacki S. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
SANE-A-PALOOZA, a continuing education program that utilizes hands-on practice with standardized patients and human simulators, was developed to fulfill a portion of the required supervised clinical experience for certification as a sexual assault nurse examiner. The program is designed to provide concentrated clinical skill practice application, eliminate the time gap between gaining and applying clinical knowledge, and decrease discontinuity among multiple preceptors. This article provides an overview of SANE-A-PALOOZA logistics, with the goal of aiding other organizations in developing skill-building experiences for new or less-experienced sexual assault nurse examiners.
Gender Differences in Self-Perceptions About Aging and Sleep Among Elderly Chinese Residents in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Jong-Ni 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Background:
Previous research has revealed the existence of gender differences in sleep patterns among older adults from various ethnic groups. Data on how gender affects the sleep patterns of Taiwanese are limited.

Purpose:
The purposes of the current study were to (a) describe perceptions about aging and the influence of these perceptions on sleep in elderly men and women, respectively, and (b) determine whether there are gender differences in perceptions and appraisal of sleep.

Methods:
A mixed method design was used. In-depth interview data from 23 men and 27 women were integrated with data from the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI).

Results:
The mean CPSQI score for the entire sample was 6.1 ± 3.5 (men: 4.8 ± 1.6, women: 7.1 ± 4.3). Participants who held negative attitudes about aging were more likely to report poor sleep quality, short sleep duration, and difficulty in falling asleep than those who did not hold negative attitudes. Women had more negative perceptions about aging (e.g., feelings of powerlessness) and more sleep complaints than men. Furthermore, women reported significantly poorer sleep quality (p = .02) and lower sleep efficiency (p = .03) on the CPSQI than men.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice:
Negative perceptions about aging are associated with reports of poor sleep quality. There are gendered differences in perceptions about aging and appraisals of sleep. As the process of aging and patterns of sleep change over time, longitudinal research designs are recommended for future studies.