bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linking plant strategies and plant traits derived by radiative transfer modelling
Authors: Kattenborn Teja , Fassnacht Fabian Ewald , Pierce Simon , Lopatin Javier , Grime John Philip , Schmidtlein Sebastian 
Published: February 2017

AbstractQuestionDo spatial gradients of plant strategies correspond to patterns of plant traits obtained from a physically based model and hyperspectral imagery? It has previously been shown that reflectance can be used to map plant strategies according to the established CSR scheme. So far, these approaches have been based on empirical links and lacked transferability. Therefore, we test if physically based derivations of plant traits may help in finding gradients in traits that are linked to strategies.LocationA raised bog and minerotrophic fen complex, Murnauer Moos, Germany.MethodsSpatial distributions of plant traits were modelled by adopting an inversion of the PROSAIL radiative transfer model (RTM) on airborne hyperspectral imagery. The traits are derived from reflectance without making use of field data but only of known links between reflectance and traits. We tested whether previously found patterns in CSR plant strategies were related to the modelled traits.ResultsThe results confirm close relationships between modelled plant traits and C, S and R strategies that were previously found in the field. The modelled plant traits explained different dimensions of the CSR space. Leaf area index (LAI) and the reciprocal of specific leaf area appeared to be good candidates for reproducing CSR scores as community traits using remote sensing. LAI has not been used in previous studies to allocate plant strategies.ConclusionsCombining RTMs and the CSR model is a promising approach for establishing a robust link between airborne or spaceborne imagery and plant functioning. The demonstrated potential to map traits with a close relationship to CSR gradients using only our understanding of the relationship between traits and reflectance is a step forward towards operational use of the CSR model in remote sensing.
Distinctive genomic signature of neural and intestinal organoids from familial Parkinson's disease patient‐derived induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Son M.‐Y. , Sim H. , Son Y. S. , Jung K. B. , Lee M.‐O. , Oh J.‐H. , Chung S.‐K. , Jung C.‐R. , Kim J. 
Published: February 2017

AimsThe leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) G2019S mutation is the most common genetic cause of Parkinson's disease (PD). There is compelling evidence that PD is not only a brain disease but also a gastrointestinal disorder; nonetheless, its pathogenesis remains unclear. We aimed to develop human neural and intestinal tissue models of PD patients harbouring an LRRK2 mutation to understand the link between LRRK2 and PD pathology by investigating the gene expression signature.MethodsWe generated PD patient‐specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) carrying an LRRK2 G2019S mutation (LK2GS) and then differentiated into three‐dimensional (3D) human neuroectodermal spheres (hNESs) and human intestinal organoids (hIOs). To unravel the gene and signalling networks associated with LK2GS, we analysed differentially expressed genes in the microarray data by functional clustering, gene ontology (GO) and pathway analyses.ResultsThe expression profiles of LK2GS were distinct from those of wild‐type controls in hNESs and hIOs. The most represented GO biological process in hNESs and hIOs was synaptic transmission, specifically synaptic vesicle trafficking, some defects of which are known to be related to PD. The results were further validated in four independent PD‐specific hNESs and hIOs by microarray and qRT‐PCR analysis.ConclusionWe provide the first evidence that LK2GS also causes significant changes in gene expression in the intestinal cells. These hNES and hIO models from the same genetic background of PD patients could be invaluable resources for understanding PD pathophysiology and for advancing the complexity of in vitro models with 3D expandable organoids.
Do Smaller Classes Always Improve Students’ Long‐run Outcomes?
Authors: Falch Torberg , Sandsør Astrid Marie Jorde , Strøm Bjarne 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe exploit the strict class size rule in Norway and matched individual and school register information for 1982–2011 to estimate long‐run causal effects on income and educational attainment. Contrary to recent evidence from the US and Sweden, we do not find any significant average effect on long‐run outcomes of reduced class size. We further use the large register data set and quasi‐experimental strategy to estimate whether the class size effect depends on external conditions facing students and schools, such as teacher quality, extent of upper secondary school choice, school district size, local fiscal constraints and labour market conditions. Overall, we find that the class size effect does not depend on these factors measured at the school district level. The absence of class size effects on long‐run outcomes in Norway is consistent with earlier findings for short‐run outcomes, using comparable data and empirical strategies.
2p24.1p23.2 deletion and delayed recovery after a general anesthesia for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedure
Authors: Dewé Guillaume , Hermans Emmanuel , Lavand'homme Patricia 
Published: February 2017

SummaryInterstitial 2p deletions are very rare and may include proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene (2p23.3). Our 10‐year‐old patient, known to carry this genetic anomaly, underwent an endoscopic interventional procedure under general anesthesia. After a sevoflurane induction, alfentanil (8.5 μg·kg−1) was given. The procedure lasted 22 min. There was an unexpected delayed recovery likely reflecting an unexpected delayed recovery likely due to opioid hypersensitivity. The deletion of POMC may cause a deficit in endorphin and may lead to an up‐regulation of opioid receptors. Exogenous opioids should be used with particular caution in patients suffering a deficit of POMC.
Clonidine may have a beneficial effect on refractory nocturnal enuresis
Authors: Ohtomo Yoshiyuki 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the evidence‐based treatment for nocturnal enuresis is established, nearly one‐third of patients are still enuretic with desmopressin, anti‐cholinergic treatment and alarm. The fourth option, imipramine, is limited because of the risk of cardiotoxicity on overdose. Clonidine, an α2‐adrenoceptor agonist that also has noradrenergic effects like imipramine, is a new option for refractory enuresis.MethodsA total of 148 patients (6–14 years of age; mean, 9.1 years) with refractory enuresis under desmopressin, anti‐cholinergic treatment and alarm were enrolled. The patients consisted of 100 boys and 48 girls, of whom 23 had monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis and 125 had non‐monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis. Clonidine 4 μg/kg/day (maximum, 75 μg/day) orally 30 min before bedtime was added and its effects were evaluated after 4 weeks of treatment.ResultsA total of 83 patients (56.1%) achieved partial or complete response with the additional clonidine. No significant adverse reactions were noted.ConclusionsClonidine could be an aid for refractory enuresis, although further randomized controlled trials are needed.
Is Achilles tendon blood flow related to foot pronation?
Authors: Wezenbeek E. , Willems T. M. , Mahieu N. , Van Caekenberghe I. , Witvrouw E. , De Clercq D. 
Published: February 2017

In the etiology of Achilles tendinopathy (AT), it is frequently suggested that excessive pronation causes a vascular constriction of the Achilles tendon, described as the “whipping phenomenon” (Clement et al., 1984). Although previous studies focused on the association between pronation andAT, it is striking that the underlying association between foot pronation and blood flow has not been studied yet. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the amount of pronation during running influences the Achilles tendon blood flow. Twenty‐five experienced runners, aged 34.5±10.2 years, participated in this study. 2D‐lower limb kinematics during barefoot and shod running in both frontal and sagittal plane were assessed. Blood flow of the Achilles tendon was measured before and after barefoot and shod running, using the oxygen‐to‐see device. The results of this study showed a significant effect of eversion excursion on the increase in Achilles tendon blood flow after shod running. More specifically, the more the eversion excursion observed, the lower the increase in blood flow (P=.013). We therefore suggest, in individuals with increased inversion at touchdown and increased eversion around midstance during shod running, that antipronation measures could be useful in both preventing and managing Achilles tendinopathy.
ENCHONDROMATOSIS IN AN ADULT DOG
Authors: Movilla Rebeca , Dominguez Elisabet , Novellas Rosa , Martinez Jorge , Mesa Ignacio , Roura Xavier 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA 7‐year‐old crossbreed dog presented for lameness with diffuse soft tissue swelling in the right fore limb. Radiographs identified increased opacity of medullary cavity involving the radius and ulna. Whole‐body computed tomography (CT) revealed mineral attenuation in the medullary cavity of multiple bones. Histopathology of the right distal tibia showed a fibrocartilaginous matrix occupying intertrabecular spaces. The final diagnosis was enchondromatosis. Long‐term favorable progression of the dog's clinical condition further supported the benign histopathologic classification. This is the fifth case of canine enchondromatosis reported so far and the first documentation of further characterization with CT.
Influence of in‐house rehabilitation on the postoperative outcome of dogs with intervertebral disk herniation
Authors: Hodgson Michelle M. , Bevan John M. , Evans Richard B. , Johnson Thai I. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the influence of in‐house rehabilitation on the postoperative outcome of dogs with intervertebral disk herniation (IVDH).DesignRetrospective cohort study.AnimalsDogs (n = 248) under 20 kg of weight, with single site, thoracolumbar, Hansen Type I IVDH.Procedures: Medical records of non‐ambulatory dogs with IVDH treated via hemilaminectomy were reviewed. Dogs were classified in 2 groups depending on whether their postoperative management included an in‐house rehabilitation program. Preoperative and sequential postoperative modified Frankel scores (MFSs) were recorded. Time to ambulation, time to normal conscious proprioception, final MFS, and complications were compared between the groups.ResultsMore dogs returned to full neurologic function (final MFS of Grade 5) when in‐house rehabilitation was included in the postoperative management (33% compared to 9%). Normal conscious proprioception and ambulation returned earlier in the control group (42 days and 14 days, respectively) compared to the group with rehabilitation (49 days and 28 days, respectively). The complication rate was higher in the control group (29%) compared with the group with rehabilitation (16%).Conclusions and clinical relevance: In‐house rehabilitation should be included in the postoperative management in dogs after surgical treatment of IVDH to improve neurologic function and reduce postoperative complications.
Draft Genome Sequences of Enterotoxigenic Bacillus cereus Strains Obtained from Powdered Infant Formula
Authors: Carter Laurenda , Chase Hannah R. , Choi Hyerim , Jun SoYoung , Park JiHyeon , Jeong Seungeun , Kim MiJeong , Han KyuYoung , Lee ChaeYoon , Jeong HyeJin , Finkelstein Samantha , Negrete Flavia , Cinar Hediye N. , Tall Ben D. , Gopinath Gopal R. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

We introduce the draft genome sequences of five enterotoxigenic
Bacillus cereus
strains: Bc 12, Bc 67, Bc 111, Bc 112, and Bc 113, which were obtained from powdered infant formula. The genome sizes of the strains ranged from 5.5 to 5.8 Mb, and the G+C contents were ~35.2%.
Draft Genome Sequences of Carboxydothermus pertinax and
C. islandicus
, Hydrogenogenic Carboxydotrophic Bacteria
Authors: Fukuyama Yuto , Omae Kimiho , Yoneda Yasuko , Yoshida Takashi , Sako Yoshihiko 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Carboxydothermus
spp. are some of the most studied carbon monoxide–oxidizing anaerobic thermophiles. For further investigation into the carbon monoxide metabolism of
Carboxydothermus
spp., we report here the draft genome sequences of the hydrogenogenic carboxydotrophs
Carboxydothermus pertinax
(2.47 Mb; G+C content, 40.7%) and
C. islandicus
(2.39 Mb; G+C content, 42.0%).
First Complete Genome Sequences of Zika Virus Isolated from Febrile Patient Sera in Ecuador
Authors: Márquez S. , Carrera J. , Pullan S. T. , Lewandowski K. , Paz V. , Loman N. , Quick J. , Bonsall D. , Powell R. , Thézé J. , Pybus O. G. , Klenerman P. , Eisenberg J. , Coloma J. , Carroll M. W. , Trueba G. , Logue C. H. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT
Here, we present the complete genome sequences of two Zika virus (ZIKV) strains, EcEs062_16 and EcEs089_16, isolated from the sera of febrile patients in Esmeraldas City, in the northern coastal province of Esmeraldas, Ecuador, in April 2016. These are the first complete ZIKV genomes to be reported from Ecuador.
Genome Sequences of
Beet curly top Iran virus
,
Oat dwarf virus
,
Turnip curly top virus
, and
Wheat dwarf virus
Identified in Leafhoppers
Authors: Kamali Mehdi , Heydarnejad Jahangir , Pouramini Najmeh , Masumi Hossain , Farkas Kata , Kraberger Simona , Varsani Arvind 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Implementation of a vector-enabled metagenomics approach resulted in the identification of various geminiviruses. We identified the genome sequences of
Beet curly top Iran virus
,
Turnip curly top viruses
,
Oat dwarf viruses
, the first from Iran, and
Wheat dwarf virus
from leafhoppers feeding on beet, parsley, pumpkin, and turnip plants.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Archangium
sp. Strain Cb G35
Authors: Adaikpoh Barbara I. , Dowd Scot E. , Stevens D. Cole 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

In an effort to explore myxobacterial natural product biosynthetic pathways, the draft genome sequence of
Archangium
sp. strain Cb G35 has been obtained. Analysis of the genome using antiSMASH predicts 49 natural product biosynthetic pathways. This genome will contribute to the investigation of myxobacterial secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathways.
Genome Sequence of
Dehalobacter
sp. Strain TeCB1, Able To Respire Chlorinated Benzenes
Authors: Alfán-Guzmán Ricardo , Ertan Haluk , Manefield Mike , Lee Matthew 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Dehalobacter
sp. strain TeCB1 was isolated from groundwater contaminated with a mixture of organohalides and is able to respire 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. Here, we report its 3.13-Mb draft genome sequence.
Genome Sequence of Megasphaera cerevisiae NSB1, a Bacterium Isolated from a Canning Line and Able To Grow in Beer with High Alcohol Content
Authors: Bergsveinson Jordyn , Thomson Euan , Jacoby Derek , Coady Yvonne , Ziola Barry 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

The genome sequence of the brewery isolate
Megasphaera cerevisiae
NSB1 was determined. Strain NSB1 tolerates 5% (vol/vol) alcohol, which is higher than previously reported for
M. cerevisiae
. The NSB1 genome will help elucidate genetics required for alcohol tolerance and niche adaptation of this Gram-negative beer-spoilage bacterium.
Environmental Microbial Forensics and Archaeology of Past Pandemics
Authors: Fornaciari Antonio 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

The development of paleomicrobiology with new molecular techniques such as metagenomics is revolutionizing our knowledge of microbial evolution in human history. The study of microbial agents that are concomitantly active in the same biological environment makes it possible to obtain a picture of the complex interrelations among the different pathogens and gives us the perspective to understand the microecosystem of ancient times. This research acts as a bridge between disciplines such as archaeology, biology, and medicine, and the development of paleomicrobiology forces archaeology to broaden and update its methods. This chapter addresses the archaeological issues related to the identification of cemeteries from epidemic catastrophes (typology of burials, stratigraphy, topography, paleodemography) and the issues related to the sampling of human remains for biomolecular analysis. Developments in the field of paleomicrobiology are described with the example of the plague. Because of its powerful interdisciplinary features, the paleomicrobiological study of
Yersinia pestis
is an extremely interesting field, in which paleomicrobiology, historical research, and archeology are closely related, and it has important implications for the current dynamics of epidemiology.
The Pathogenic Potential of a Microbe
Authors: Casadevall Arturo 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Virulence is a microbial property that is realized only in susceptible hosts. There is no absolute measurement for virulence, and consequently it is always measured relative to a standard, usually another microbe or host. This article introduces the concept of pathogenic potential, which provides a new approach to measuring the capacity of microbes for virulence. The pathogenic potential is proportional to the fraction of individuals who become symptomatic after infection with a defined inoculum and can include such attributes as mortality, communicability, and the time from infection to disease. The calculation of the pathogenic potential has significant advantages over the use of the lethal dose that kills 50% of infected individuals (LD
50
) and allows direct comparisons between individual microbes. An analysis of the pathogenic potential of several microbes for mice reveals a continuum, which in turn supports the view that there is no dividing line between pathogenic and nonpathogenic microbes.
Gene expression profiling in persons with multiple chemical sensitivity before and after a controlled n-butanol exposure session
Authors: Dantoft Thomas M , Skovbjerg Sine , Andersson Linus , Claeson Anna-Sara , Engkilde Kaare , Lind Nina , Nordin Steven , Hellgren Lars I 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesTo investigate the pathophysiological pathways leading to symptoms elicitation in multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) by comparing gene expression in MCS participants and healthy controls before and after a chemical exposure optimised to cause symptoms among MCS participants.The first hypothesis was that unexposed and symptom-free MCS participants have similar gene expression patterns to controls and a second hypothesis that MCS participants can be separated from controls based on differential gene expression upon a controlled n-butanol exposure.DesignParticipants were exposed to 3.7 ppm n-butanol while seated in a windowed exposure chamber for 60 min. A total of 26 genes involved in biochemical pathways found in the literature have been proposed to play a role in the pathogenesis of MCS and other functional somatic syndromes were selected. Expression levels were compared between MCS and controls before, within 15 min after being exposed to and 4 hours after the exposure.SettingsParticipants suffering from MCS and healthy controls were recruited through advertisement at public places and in a local newspaper.Participants36 participants who considered themselves sensitive were prescreened for eligibility. 18 sensitive persons fulfilling the criteria for MCS were enrolled together with 18 healthy controls.Outcome measures17 genes showed sufficient transcriptional level for analysis. Group comparisons were conducted for each gene at the 3 times points and for the computed area under the curve (AUC) expression levels.ResultsMCS participants and controls displayed similar gene expression levels both at baseline and after the exposure and the computed AUC values were likewise comparable between the 2 groups. The intragroup variation in expression levels among MCS participants was noticeably greater than the controls.ConclusionsMCS participants and controls have similar gene expression levels at baseline and it was not possible to separate MCS participants from controls based on gene expression measured after the exposure.
Internet-based cognitive–behavioural writing therapy for reducing post-traumatic stress after intensive care for sepsis in patients and their spouses (REPAIR): study protocol for a randomised-controlled trial
Authors: Gawlytta Romina , Niemeyer Helen , Böttche Maria , Scherag André , Knaevelsrud Christine , Rosendahl Jenny 
Published: February 2017

IntroductionAs a consequence of sepsis and intensive care, considerable proportions of patients but also of their spouses develop a post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, only a very small number receive psychotherapeutic treatment. Internet-based cognitive–behavioural writing therapy (IB-CBWT) has proven to be an effective treatment option for PTSD. It seems to fit the specific needs of this cohort and to overcome treatment barriers. Aim of the REPAIR trial is to examine the efficacy, safety and applicability of IB-CBWT for PTSD in patients and their spouses after intensive care for sepsis.Methods and analysisParticipants will be assigned randomly either to a treatment or a wait-list (WL) control group. The treatment group receives IB-CBWT for PTSD, actively involving the partners of the participants. IB-CBWT will be guided by a therapist and comprises two written assignments per week over a 5 week period. After completing the assignments, the participants obtain individual responses from the therapist. Participants of the WL control group will receive treatment after a waiting period of 5 weeks. The primary outcome is PTSD symptom severity in self-rated PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Fifth Edition at the end of treatment and waiting time, respectively. Secondary outcomes are remission of PTSD, depression, anxiety, and somatisation measured by the Brief Symptom Inventory-18, marital satisfaction measured by the Relationship Assessment Scale, health-related quality of life measured by the EQ-5D-5L, and the feasibility of IB-CBWT for this cohort (ie, dropout rate). Statistical analysis will be performed according to the intent-to-treat principle.Ethics and disseminationThe study is conducted according to the principles of Good Clinical Practice and has been approved by the ethics committee of the Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Germany. Results will be disseminated at scientific conferences, published in peer-reviewed journals, and provided to consumers of healthcare.Trial registration numberPre-results, DRKS00010676.