bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case Study: Successful Applications of Weak Emulsifying Surfactants in the Wolfcamp Formation of Reagan County, TX
Authors: Jones Marcus , Stratton Jay , Newton Robert , Oekerman Mark , Xu Liang , Martin Kyle 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Surfactants have long been used to prevent emulsions from limiting flow paths. Weak emulsifying surfactants (WES), however, create reverse oil-in-water emulsions. These emulsions solubilize oil and reduce interfacial tension between oil and water, allowing for increased mobility of oil molecules to be produced through laminated shales and small pore throat sizes. This paper evaluates the successful application of this technology to enhance oil recovery in the Wolfcamp formation.
A data set of 163 wells was selected in Reagan County, Texas. Within the data set, 43 wells were fracture stimulated with WES additives included. Variables, including sand/fluid volume, lateral length, and initial artificial lift method, were analyzed to compare the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) of wells stimulated with and without WES. The data show that an increase in average EUR was achieved using WES.
Grouping wells by geological bench within the Wolfcamp shows varying results, with significant uplift in particular flow units. Differentiating the unique flow units of the Wolfcamp through log analysis provides clarity to the results. Two common challenges to long-term fracture conductivity are laminated reservoirs that pinch off as pressure declines and lower-permeability formations that experience creep. The mechanisms that restrict flow in each case can be partially mitigated by the ability of solubilized oil globules to flow through tighter pore throats. Additionally, oil globules that are mobilized because of reduced surface tension resulting from the use of WES yield higher recovery efficiencies within a given stimulated rock volume (SRV) than those without.
In addition to greater initial EURs, it has been observed that older producing wells that experience fracture interference by new wells using WES recover production rates more quickly than wells interfered by stimulation treatments not using WES. In some cases, additional reserves are added to older wells that experience hydraulic communication with WES; whereas, wells without WES-included stimulations are less likely to add reserves with hydraulic communication. This suggests that the mechanism for added reserves might not be limited to additional SRV but include a higher recovery factor from the trapped oil molecules that are mobilized by WES.
Optimizing Lateral Well Spacing by Improving Directional Survey Accuracy
Authors: DeVerse Shawn , Maus Stefan 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Optimizing lateral well spacing is a challenging problem that has significant economic consequences. The intent is to drill the fewest number of horizontal wells that will effectively maximize reservoir drainage. Successful field development requires spacing horizontal wellbores at an optimum distance that minimizes overlapping drainage areas without stranding reserves. There are many variables that must be considered when determining lateral spacing such as hydraulic fracture geometry and reservoir properties. However, a variable that is often overlooked is wellbore positional uncertainty. It is common to ignore the contribution that inaccurate directional surveying has on lateral wellbore spacing. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how inaccuracy in standard directional surveying methods impacts wellbore position and to recommend practices to improve surveying accuracy for greater confidence in lateral spacing.
Standard directional surveying by measurement while drilling (MWD) is subject to numerous error sources which can be estimated by the Industry Steering Committee on Wellbore Survey Accuracy (ISCWSA) error model (Grinrod 2016). These error sources are quantified and modeled as three dimensional Ellipsoids of Uncertainty (EOUs) which provide drillers a mechanism for measuring positional uncertainty associated with the wellbore trajectory. The ISCWSA error model can be used to predict the statistical distribution of wellbore positions in order to gain an understanding of how far actual well paths might deviate from the surveyed position. Furthermore, some of the greatest error sources represented in the error model can be significantly reduced using In-Field geomagnetic Referencing (IFR) and Multi-Station Analysis (MSA) in order to improve the accuracy of the MWD surveys (Maus 2015). Performing advanced survey management analysis to raw MWD data and correcting identified systematic errors in real-time improves the accuracy of the well placement as the wellbore is drilled.
In order to reliably determine the most optimal lateral well spacing, positional uncertainty should be considered and applied to reservoir simulations and production models. Furthermore, applying IFR and MSA survey corrections to standard MWD surveying can improve horizontal wellbore positional accuracy by 50 to 60 percent (Maus 2015), thus leading to better decisions for optimizing field development and maximizing wellbore value.
La humanidad de Dios
Authors: Sepúlveda Romero Luis Vicente 
Published: August 2016

En los tiempos actuales, caracterizados por una implacable secularización y agnosticismo, lo religioso se enfrenta a nuevos y no fáciles retos. Uno de ellos, es una adecuada comprensión de los puntos centrales de un cristianismo situado en un contexto globalizado y dinámico.
Multicultural evidence-based assessment using the achenbach system of empirically based assessment (ASEBA) for ages 1½-90+
Authors: Achenbach Thomas 
Published: August 2016

Evidence-based assessment is a prerequisite for evidence-based mental health services. This article reviews the development, components, and multicultural applications of the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA). The ASEBA includes standardized forms for obtaining self- and collateral-reports of evidence for behavioral, emotional, social, and thought problems and strengths. The problems are scored on empirically based syndromes and DSM-oriented scales. The syndromes have been supported by confirmatory factor analyses of ASEBA data from 54 societies. The strengths are scored on competence, adaptive functioning, and personal strengths scales. Translations of ASEBA forms are available in more than 100 languages. Reports of the ASEBA’s use have been published for more than 100 societies and cultural groups. Multicultural norms incorporate data from population samples in 54 societies. ASEBA software enables users to systematically compare data from self- and informant-reports regarding the person being assessed. The Multicultural Family Assessment Module (MFAM) compares scores for children and their parents in relation to norms for age, gender, the type of informant, and user-selected societies. Standardized multicultural evidence-based assessment facilitates communication and collaboration between mental health providers and researchers around the world.
Impacts of free market and US foreign policy on Colombian and Latin American revolution
Authors: Chomsky Noam 
Published: August 2016

After several coups assisted by US agencies since the fifties in Latin America, and deep economic crises in the eighties and the nineties in South America explained by “the rule of markets” enforced by multilateral organizations, the US leadership in the Americas has been lost, and democratic countries have turned against neoliberalism with wide popular support inside a new “South American revolution” with important projects of integration. Colombia has become the capital in South America for US leadership in economics and politics, and the only country that still has guerrillas, paramilitary armies, and internal conflict. What has been the role of the US in Colombian conflict? What is in stake with the new peace process in Colombia? How this process will affect the US leadership in Latin America? These are some questions that will be reviewed by Noam Chomsky, one of the most influential thinkers of our times.
In-line Process Control in the Active Screen Plasma Nitrocarburizing Using a Combined Approach Based on Infrared Laser Absorption Spectroscopy and Bias Power Management*
Authors: Burlacov I. , Hamann S. , Spies H.-J. , Röpcke J. , Biermann H. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

The active screen plasma nitrocarburizing (ASPNC) technology is an extension of the ASPN method in that carbon-bearing gases such as CH4 are admixed to the N2-H2 process gas. Besides process gas composition and working pressure, a bias power applied to the component surface is an important parameter in the nitrocarburizing process governing the competing uptake between nitrogen and carbon on the metallic surface. A variation of the bias power during the treatment provides the possibility of the dynamic control of both the nitriding and the carburizing potential without change of process gas composition. A two-stage process was implemented to improve the quality of the compound layer. The application of advanced in-situ and non-intrusive spectroscopic method of laser absorption spectroscopy in the mid infrared spectral range provides the valuable information about the plasma chemical reactions in the afterglow plasma, supplying the absolute concentrations of stable and transient molecular species monitored direct in process. The amount of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) measured in-situ by QCLAS diagnostics was found to be a reliable parameter to control the carburizing potential of the nitrocarburizing atmosphere.
Acciones de las mujeres contra la violencia feminicida en Ciudad Juárez, México
Authors: Ravelo Blancas Patricia , Querales Mendoza May-ek 
Published: August 2016

[Full article is in Spanish]English:
Femicide has become a serious problem in Mexico. The recorded number
of murders of girls and women increased by 68% in 2007 alone; between
2008 and 2015, more than 1,000 such murders took place in Ciudad Juárez. This article examines femicide in Mexico through a discussion of
the protest groups that have organized around this problem. The article
is divided into four sections. Following the introduction, part two conceptually
discusses femicide and examines its different characteristics.
Part three then presents the situation in Ciudad Juárez. This is followed
in part four by a description of three important protest groups against femicide
in Ciudad Juárez and a discussion of how they have affected public
debates on this subject, particularly by bringing the debate on femicide
in Ciudad Juárez to the attention of the Permanent Peoples’ Tribunal.Spanish:
El feminicidio se ha convertido en un problema grave en México.
Sólo en el 2007 los asesinatos de niñas y mujeres aumentaron en un
68% de los registros anteriores; y entre 2008 y 2015, más de un millar de
tales asesinatos tuvieron lugar en Ciudad Juárez. Este artículo examina
el feminicidio en México a través de un análisis de los grupos de protesta
que se han organizado en torno a este problema. El artículo se divide en
cuatro secciones. Después de la introducción, la segunda parte se analiza
conceptualmente el feminicidio y examina sus diferentes características.
La tercera parte presenta la situación en Ciudad Juárez, seguida de una
cuarta parte donde se describen tres importantes grupos de protesta contra
el feminicidio en Ciudad Juárez, así como una discusión de cómo dichos
movimientos han afectado los debates públicos sobre este tema. En
particular el debate sobre el feminicidio en Ciudad Juárez para la atención
del Tribunal Permanente de los Pueblos.French:
Au Mexique, le féminicide s’est converti en un problème de plus en plus
grave si on considère uniquement qu’en 2007 les assassinats de filles et
de femmes ont augmenté de 68% et qu’entre 2008 et 2015 à Ciudad Juárez
ont été commis plus de mille assassinats. Cett e extrême violence vis-à-vis
des femmes n’a pas pu être éradiquée dans aucune région du Mexique
et au contraire, elle a augmenté de manière exponentielle malgré l’organisation
depuis 1993 de groupes de la société civile et de mères des
femmes et filles assassinées pour exiger justice et sécurité, ce qui a donné
lieu à un débat public qui a cherché à transformer la conscience collective
sur le féminicide et a fait l’objet d’une audience au Tribunal Permanent
des Peuples comme un de ses évènements notables. Ce travail prétend
décrire et analyser ces actions protestataires, en se centrant sur la participation
des mères et des jeunes dans cett e lutt e.
THE PROPERTIES OF HYPERVELOCITY STARS AND S-STARS ORIGINATING FROM AN ECCENTRIC DISK AROUND A SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLE
Authors: Šubr Ladislav , Haas Jaroslav 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Hypervelocity stars (HVSs), which are observed in the Galactic halo, are believed to be accelerated to large velocities by a process of tidal disruption of binary stars passing close to the supermassive black hole (SMBH) which resides in the center of the Galaxy. It is, however, still unclear where these relatively young stars were born and what dynamical process pushed them to nearly radial orbits around the SMBH. In this paper we investigate the possibility that the young binaries originated from a thin eccentric disk, similar to the one currently observed in the Galactic center. By means of direct N-body simulations, we follow the dynamical evolution of an initially thin and eccentric disk of stars with a 100% binary fraction orbiting around the SMBH. Such a configuration leads to Kozai–Lidov oscillations of orbital elements, bringing a considerable number of binaries to the close vicinity of the black hole. Subsequent tidal disruption of these binaries accelerates one of their components to velocities well above the escape velocity from the SMBH, while the second component becomes tightly bound to the SMBH. We describe the main kinematic properties of the escaping and tightly bound stars within our model, and compare them qualitatively to the properties of the observed HVSs and S-stars, respectively. The most prominent feature is strong anisotropy in the directions of the escaping stars, which is observed for Galactic HVSs but has not yet been explained.
ASASSN-15LH: A SUPERLUMINOUS ULTRAVIOLET REBRIGHTENING OBSERVED BY SWIFT AND HUBBLE*
Authors: Brown Peter J. , Yang Yi , Cooke Jeff , Olaes Melanie , Quimby Robert M. , Baade Dietrich , Gehrels Neil , Hoeflich Peter , Maund Justyn , Mould Jeremy , Wang Lifan , Wheeler J. Craig 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We present and discuss ultraviolet and optical photometry from the Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope, X-ray limits from the X-Ray Telescope on Swift, and imaging polarimetry and ultraviolet/optical spectroscopy with the Hubble Space Telescope, all from observations of ASASSN-15lh. It has been classified as a hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova (SLSN I), making it more luminous than any other supernova observed. ASASSN-15lh is not detected in the X-rays in individual or co-added observations. From the polarimetry we determine that the explosion was only mildly asymmetric. We find the flux of ASASSN-15lh to increase strongly into the ultraviolet, with an ultraviolet luminosity 100 times greater than the hydrogen-rich, ultraviolet-bright SLSN II SN 2008es. We find that objects as bright as ASASSN-15lh are easily detectable beyond redshifts of ∼4 with the single-visit depths planned for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope. Deep near-infrared surveys could detect such objects past a redshift of ∼20, enabling a probe of the earliest star formation. A late rebrightening—most prominent at shorter wavelengths—is seen about two months after the peak brightness, which is itself as bright as an SLSN. The ultraviolet spectra during the rebrightening are dominated by the continuum without the broad absorption or emission lines seen in SLSNe or tidal disruption events (TDEs) and the early optical spectra of ASASSN-15lh. Our spectra show no strong hydrogen emission, showing only Lyα absorption near the redshift previously found by optical absorption lines of the presumed host. The properties of ASASSN-15lh are extreme when compared to either SLSNe or TDEs.
INTRA-BINARY SHOCK HEATING OF BLACK WIDOW COMPANIONS
Authors: Romani Roger W. , Sanchez Nicolas 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
The low-mass companions of evaporating binary pulsars (black widows and similar) are strongly heated on the side facing the pulsar. However, in high-quality photometric and spectroscopic data, the heating pattern does not match that expected for direct pulsar illumination. Here we explore a model where the pulsar power is intercepted by an intra-binary shock (IBS) before heating the low-mass companion. We develop a simple analytic model and implement it in the popular “ICARUS” light curve code. The model is parameterized by the wind momentum ratio β and the companion wind speed

, and assumes that the reprocessed pulsar wind emits prompt particles or radiation to heat the companion surface. We illustrate an interesting range of light curve asymmetries controlled by these parameters. The code also computes the IBS synchrotron emission pattern, and thus can model black widow X-ray light curves. As a test, we apply the results to the high-quality asymmetric optical light curves of PSR J2215+5135; the resulting fit gives a substantial improvement upon direct heating models and produces an X-ray light curve consistent with that seen. The IBS model parameters imply that at the present loss rate, the companion evaporation has a characteristic timescale of

Myr. Still, the model is not fully satisfactory, indicating that there are additional unmodeled physical effects.
MICROARCSECOND VLBI PULSAR ASTROMETRY WITH PSRπ. I. TWO BINARY MILLISECOND PULSARS WITH WHITE DWARF COMPANIONS
Authors: Deller A. T. , Vigeland S. J. , Kaplan D. L. , Goss W. M. , Brisken W. F. , Chatterjee S. , Cordes J. M. , Janssen G. H. , Lazio T. J. W. , Petrov L. , Stappers B. W. , Lyne A. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Model-independent distance constraints to binary millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are of great value to both the timing observations of the radio pulsars and multiwavelength observations of their companion stars. Astrometry using very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) can be employed to provide these model-independent distances with very high precision via the detection of annual geometric parallax. Using the Very Long Baseline Array, we have observed two binary MSPs, PSR J1022+1001 and J2145–0750, over a two-year period and measured their distances to be

pc and

pc respectively. We use the well-calibrated distance in conjunction with revised analysis of optical photometry to tightly constrain the nature of their massive (

) white dwarf companions. Finally, we show that several measurements of the parallax and proper motion of PSR J1022+1001 and PSR J2145–0750 obtained by pulsar timing array projects are incorrect, differing from the more precise VLBI values by up to 5σ. We investigate possible causes for the discrepancy, and find that imperfect modeling of the solar wind is a likely candidate for the errors in the timing model given the low ecliptic latitude of these two pulsars.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of Retinal Perfusion in Chiasmal Compression
Authors: Higashiyama Tomoaki , Ichiyama Yusuke , Muraki Sanae , Nishida Yasuhiro , Ohji Masahito 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the retinal perfusion in patients with chiasmal compression using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Retinal perfusion was evaluated using OCT angiograms in eight eyes of four patients with visual field (VF) defects due to chiasmal compression treated by tumor resection. The retinal perfusion in the area corresponding to the quadrants of the VF defects was investigated in each image. The vessel density was defined as the percentage area occupied by the vessels in the image.

RESULTS:
The decreased peripapillary retinal perfusion correlated with the quadrants of the VF defects on OCT angiograms in all patients. The binarized vessel density decreased, corresponding to the degree of VF defects in all patients.

CONCLUSIONS:
A decrease in peripapillary retinal perfusion correlates with the quadrants of the VF defects due to chiasmal compression. This decrease can be noninvasively measured by OCTA.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:724–729.]
Silence, Sympathy, and Violence: A Meditation
Authors: Bhalla Alok 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Through a variety of literary texts (including Ramayana) and historical events (India's 1947 Partition; 1992 Demolition of the Babri Masjid), I offer a brief meditation on three intertwined themes: the possibilities of nonviolence; identity politics, which almost always leads to violence and genocide; and the need for sympathy as invoked by poet William Blake and philosopher Simone Weil. Blake reminds us that there is, on any given day when violence threatens to disrupt the life cycle, an unexpected moment of peace or love—let's call it “the good”—that tempts us to act with sympathy and imagination toward the Other, who is radically different from us. A similar double-consciousness marks Weil's deeply troubled thoughts on brute power, the “sleep of reason” and the “disasters of war.” We must acknowledge, she insists, that violence, used to resolve human affairs, is both intoxicating and degrading. Only if we understand this in the quietude of our being, she avers, can we overcome hate and find imaginative ways of living with all that is sentient and nonsentient on earth.
Altered Realities, New Experiences: Bhisham Sahni, Nirmal Verma, and the “Nayi Kahani” Movement
Authors: Singh Madhu 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The Nayi Kahani (New Story) movement was a new trend in the post-Independence Hindi short fiction that flourished between 1954 and 1963, with writers like Mohan Rakesh, Bhisham Sahni, Nirmal Verma, Rajendra Yadav, Kamleshwar, and Amarkant among its established practitioners. These writers believed that art could not be alienated from the material world and hence thought and emotion were equally important in the context of Nayi Kahani. Disintegration in middle class families, erosion of values, insecurity, melancholy, loneliness, and anxiety became the major concerns in Hindi short fiction. It was felt that Hindi fiction was experiencing literary modernism with a new shift in the writer's sensibility grown out of the changed social and cultural contexts. However, “New Story” did not share a common ideology, trends, or concerns, but represented and grappled with multiple realities and tendencies. Although critics often linked Sahni and Verma as practitioners of this “new” genre, I argue that as writers of urban sensibilities they apprehended and rendered life experiences differently. Therefore, it is problematic to identify common denominators and fit them in a single mold. As part of my project, I examine select stories to understand how the two writers navigate through time and place to express reality. Finally, I explore how Verma's stories stand at the confluence of “native” and “Western” sensibilities.