bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal cardiovascular function at 35–37 weeks' gestation: relation to maternal characteristics
Authors: Guy G. P. , Ling H. Z. , Garcia P. , Poon L. C. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo examine the possible effects of maternal characteristics and obstetric and medical history on maternal cardiovascular parameters at 35–37 weeks' gestation.MethodsIn 3013 singleton pregnancies at 35–37 weeks, maternal characteristics and medical history were recorded; uterine artery pulsatility index, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and maternal cardiovascular parameters were measured. Multivariable regression analysis was used to determine significant predictors of the cardiovascular parameters among gestational age (GA), maternal characteristics and medical history.ResultsMultivariable regression analysis demonstrated that significant independent prediction of log10cardiac output and log10cardiac power was provided by GA, maternal age, weight, weight gain from the first trimester, height, racial origin, smoking, assisted conception and previous neonatal birth‐weight Z‐score in parous women. For log10total peripheral resistance, significant prediction was provided by GA, maternal age, height, racial origin, chronic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, assisted conception, previous neonatal birth‐weight Z‐score and prior pre‐eclampsia (PE) in parous women. For log10stroke volume, significant prediction was provided by maternal age, height, racial origin, smoking, chronic hypertension and diabetes mellitus. For heart rate, significant prediction was provided by GA, weight, weight gain, height, racial origin, chronic hypertension, previous neonatal birth‐weight Z‐score and prior PE in parous women. For log10MAP, significant prediction was provided by maternal weight, racial origin, family history of PE, chronic hypertension and diabetes mellitus. For log10thoracic fluid capacity, significant prediction was provided by GA, maternal age, weight, height, racial origin and systemic lupus erythematosus or antiphospholipid syndrome. For log10ventricular ejection time, significant prediction was provided by GA, weight, height and racial origin.ConclusionMaternal cardiovascular parameters are affected by maternal characteristics and medical and obstetric history, and they should therefore be converted into multiples of the normal median adjusted for significant independent predictors before their inclusion in combined screening for PE. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Nano-machining of materials: understanding the process through molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Cui Dan-Dan , Zhang Liang-Chi 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation has been widely applied in various complex, dynamic processes at atomistic scale, because an MD simulation can provide some deformation details of materials in nano-processing and thus help to investigate the critical and important issues which cannot be fully revealed by experiments. Extensive research with the aid of MD simulation has provided insights for the development of nanotechnology. This paper reviews the fundamentals of nano-machining from the aspect of material structural effects, such as single crystalline, polycrystalline and amorphous materials. The classic MD simulations of nano-indentation and nano-cutting which have aimed to investigate the machining mechanism are discussed with respect to the effects of tool geometry, material properties and machining parameters. On nano-milling, the discussion focuses on the understanding of the grooving quality in relation to milling conditions.
Myotonic Dystrophy and Huntington’s Disease Care: “We Like to Think We’re Making a Difference”
Authors: LaDonna Kori A. , Watling Christopher J. , Ray Susan L. , Piechowicz Christine , Venance Shannon L. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackground: Patient-centered care for individuals with myotonic dystrophy (DM1) and Huntington’s disease (HD)—chronic, progressive, and life-limiting neurological conditions—may be challenged by patients’ cognitive and behavioral impairments. However, no research has explored health care providers’ (HCPs’) perspectives about patient-centered care provision for these patients along their disease trajectory. Methods: Constructivist grounded theory informed the iterative data collection and analysis process. Eleven DM1 or HD HCPs participated in semistructured interviews, and three stages of coding were used to analyze their interview transcripts. Codes were collapsed into themes and categories.Results: Three categories including an evolving care approach, fluid roles, and making a difference were identified. Participants described that their clinical care approach evolved depending on the patient’s disease stage and caregivers’ degree of involvement. HCPs described that their main goal was to provide hope to patients and caregivers through medical management, crisis prevention, support, and advocacy. Despite the lack of curative treatments, HCPs perceived that patients benefited from ongoing clinical care provided by proactive clinicians. Conclusions: Providing care for individuals with DM1 and HD is a balancing act. HCPs must strike a balance between (1) the frustrations and rewards of patient-centered care provision, (2) addressing symptoms and preventing and managing crises while focusing on patients’ and caregivers’ quality of life concerns, and (3) advocating for patients while addressing caregivers’ needs. This raises important questions: Is patient-centered care possible for patients with cognitive decline? Does chronic neurological care need to evolve to better address patients’ and caregivers’ complex needs?
The International Incidence of Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nguyen Rita , Fiest Kirsten M. , McChesney Jane , Kwon Churl-Su , Jette Nathalie , Frolkis Alexandra D. , Atta Callie , Mah Sarah , Dhaliwal Harinder , Reid Aylin , Pringsheim Tamara , Dykeman Jonathan , Gallagher Clare 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackground: Understanding the epidemiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is essential to shape public health policy, implement prevention strategies, and justify allocation of resources toward research, education, and rehabilitation in TBI. There is not, to our knowledge, a systematic review of population-based studies addressing the epidemiology of TBI that includes all subtypes. We performed a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the worldwide incidence of TBI. Methods: A search was conducted on May 23, 2014, in Medline and EMBASE according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Abstracts were screened independently and in duplicate to identify original research. Study quality and ascertainment bias were assessed in duplicate using a previously published tool. Demographic data and incidence estimates from each study were recorded, along with stratification by age, gender, year of data collection, and severity. Results: The search strategy yielded 4944 citations. Two hundred and sixteen articles met criteria for full-text review; 144 were excluded. Hand searching resulted in ten additional articles. Eighty-two studies met all eligibility criteria. The pooled annual incidence proportion for all ages was 295 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval: 274-317). The pooled incidence rate for all ages was 349 (95% confidence interval: 96.2-1266) per 100,000 person-years. Incidence proportion and incidence rate were examined to see if associated with age, sex, country, or severity. Conclusions: We conclude that most TBIs are mild and most TBIs occur in males among the adult population. The incidence of TBI varies widely by ages and between countries. Despite being an important medical, economic, and social problem, the global epidemiology of TBI is still not well-characterized in the current literature. Understanding the incidence of TBI, particularly mild TBI, remains challenging because of nonstandardized reporting among neuroepidemiological studies.
Lignes directrices facultatives en matière de pensions alimentaires pour époux – Pertinence de leur application au Québec?
Authors: Jarry Jocelyne , Lapierre-Adamcyk Évelyne , Le Bourdais Céline , Roy Alain 
Published: September 2016

Résumé
L’approche sur laquelle reposent les Lignes directrices facultatives en matière de pensions alimentaires pour époux vise à instaurer plus de certitude et de prévisibilité dans la détermination des pensions alimentaires entre époux et ex-époux, divorcés ou en instance de l’être. Au moyen de formules basées sur les revenus des deux époux, leur âge respectif et la durée de leur cohabitation, ces lignes permettent de situer le montant et la durée de la pension alimentaire payable par le débiteur, à l’intérieur de fourchettes préétablies. L’analyse qui suit montre que les pensions alimentaires octroyées par les tribunaux québécois sont moins généreuses que celles qui résultent de l’application des Lignes directrices facultatives. En conclusion, on s’interroge sur les raisons des différences observées et sur la pertinence des Lignes directrices facultatives au Québec.
The Tyrolean Iceman and His Glacial Environment During the Holocene
Authors: Kutschera Walter , Patzelt Gernot , Steier Peter , Wild Eva Maria 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis paper summarizes the present knowledge on the variation of summer temperatures in the European Alps throughout the Holocene by combining the results of an extraordinary archaeological find with the information gathered from glacier and tree-line movements. As it turns out, there were several distinct periods were the glaciers were smaller than today, allowing in some periods the growth of trees in areas, which even now are still covered with ice. On average, the first half of the Holocene was warmer than the second half, with temperatures starting to decrease around the time of the Iceman some 5000 yr ago. One of the coldest periods during the Holocene, the so-called Little Ice Age (LIA), lasted from about AD 1300 to 1850. It is well known that since then the Alpine glaciers have been receding, most likely amplified by anthropogenic impact. The study of temperature variations before human influence may help to eventually disentangle natural and anthropogenic causes for the global warming of our time.
Association between dietary patterns and low bone mineral density among adults aged 50 years and above: findings from the North West Adelaide Health Study (NWAHS)
Authors: Melaku Yohannes Adama , Gill Tiffany K. , Adams Robert , Shi Zumin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractStudies on the association between dietary patterns and bone mineral density (BMD) have reported inconsistent findings. Data from the North West Adelaide Health Study, a population-based cohort study undertaken in Australia, were used to assess this association among adults aged 50 years and above. In this specific study, 1182 adults (545 males, 45·9 %) had dietary data collected using a FFQ and also had BMD measurements taken using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Factor analysis with principal component method was applied to ascertain dietary patterns. Two distinct dietary patterns were identified. Pattern 1 (‘prudent pattern’) was characterised by high intake of fruits, vegetables, sugar, nut-based milk, fish, legumes and high-fibre bread. In contrast, pattern 2 (‘Western pattern’) was characterised by high levels of processed and red meat, snacks, takeaway foods, jam, beer, soft drinks, white bread, poultry, potato with fat, high-fat dairy products and eggs. Compared with the study participants in the first tertile (T1, lowest consumption) of the prudent pattern, participants in the third tertile (T3) had a lower prevalence of low BMD (prevalence ratio (PR)=0·52; 95 % CI 0·33, 0·83) after adjusting for socio-demographic, lifestyle and behavioural characteristics, chronic conditions and energy intake. Participants in T3 of the Western pattern had a higher prevalence of low BMD (PR=1·68; 95 % CI 1·02, 2·77) compared with those in T1. In contrast to the Western diet, a dietary pattern characterised by high intake of fruits, vegetables and dairy products is positively associated with BMD.
A randomised, single-blind comparison of high-level disinfectants for flexible nasendoscopes
Authors: Hitchcock B , Moynan S , Frampton C , Reuther R , Gilling P , Rowe F 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObjectives:To compare the microbiological efficacy, turnaround time, cost, convenience, and patient and user tolerance of Tristel Trio Wipes, PeraSafe solution and Cidex OPA solution for the high-level disinfection of flexible nasendoscopes.Methods:Flexible nasendoscopes were used in routine clinical encounters. They were then disinfected with one of the three disinfectant methods. Surveillance cultures were taken before and after each disinfection process. Data relating to each of the study parameters were recorded.Results:Positive bacterial cultures were discovered on nasendoscopes disinfected with PeraSafe and Cidex OPA. Tristel Trio Wipes have no capital outlay cost, the lowest running cost, the greatest convenience and the fastest turnaround time. PeraSafe had a faster turnaround time than Cidex OPA, and lower running costs.Conclusion:Tristel Trio Wipes are equal to PeraSafe and Cidex OPA in terms of microbiological efficacy. Turnaround time and cost are dramatically reduced when using Tristel Trio Wipes compared to the other disinfectant methods.
Lecanora inaurata, a new member of theL. subfuscagroup from central North America
Authors: MORSE Caleb A. , LADD Douglas 
Published: September 2016

AbstractLecanora inaurata, a corticolous member of theL.subfuscagroup, is described as new to science. This species is characterized by typically epruinose, reddish brown apothecial discs, achlarotera-type epihymenium,pulicaris-type amphithecium, and chloroatranorin and zeorin as major constituents, often with accessory calycin in the thalline margins of the apothecia, imparting a distinctive yellow halo appearance when present in sufficient concentrations.Lecanora inaurataoccurs in open hardwood-dominated woodlands of the Edwards Plateau and grasslands of the southern Great Plains in Oklahoma and Texas.
Photobiont associations in co-occurring umbilicate lichens with contrasting modes of reproduction in coastal Norway
Authors: HESTMARK Geir , LUTZONI François , MIADLIKOWSKA Jolanta 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe identity and phylogenetic placement of photobionts associated with two lichen-forming fungi,Umbilicaria spodochroaandLasallia pustulatawere examined. These lichens commonly grow together in high abundance on coastal cliffs in Norway, Sweden and Finland. The mycobiont ofU. spodochroareproduces sexually through ascospores, and must find a suitable algal partner in the environment to re-establish the lichen symbiosis.Lasallia pustulatareproduces mainly vegetatively using symbiotic propagules (isidia) containing both symbiotic partners (photobiont and mycobiont). Based on DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) we detected seven haplotypes of the green-algal genusTrebouxiain 19 pairs of adjacent thalli ofU. spodochroaandL. pustulatafrom five coastal localities in Norway. As expected,U. spodochroaassociated with a higher diversity of photobionts (seven haplotypes) than the mostly asexually reproducingL. pustulata(four haplotypes). The latter was associated with the same haplotype in 15 of the 19 thalli sampled. Nine of the lichen pairs examined share the same algal haplotype, supporting the hypothesis that the mycobiont ofU. spodochroamight associate with the photobiont ‘pirated’ from the abundant isidia produced byL. pustulatathat are often scattered on the cliff surfaces. Up to six haplotypes ofTrebouxiawere found within a single sampling site, indicating a low level of specificity of both mycobionts for their algal partner. Most photobiont strains associated with species ofUmbilicariaandLasallia, including samples from this study, represent phylogenetically closely related taxa ofTrebouxiagrouped within a small number of main clades (Trebouxiasp.,T. simplex/T. jamesii, andT. incrustata+T. gigantea). Three of the photobiont haplotypes were found only inU. spodochroathalli.
New and overlooked species from the Galapagos Islands: the generic concept ofDiploiciareassessed
Authors: BUNGARTZ Frank , ELIX John A. , KALB Klaus , GIRALT Mireia 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThree new species ofDiploiciaare described from the Galapagos Islands and a fourth,D. glebosa, is transferred fromPyxine; all four are considered endemic to the archipelago. In order to accommodate these species, the generic concept ofDiploiciahas been emended. Two of the species are sterile;D. leproidicais placodioid-leproid, where the thalli derive from pseudocorticate granules aggregating into small, placodioid rosettes with distinctly lobate margins. The second sterile species,D. squamulosa, forms scattered squamules that eventually aggregate into small, placodioid rosettes. The two fertile species,D. glebosa, with an olivaceous to beige, smooth, epruinose upper surface, andD. neotropica, with a white to grey-white, roughened, pruinose upper surface, form larger thalli typical ofDiploicia, have apothecia that are initially lecideine, but are soon engulfed and hidden by a thick thalline margin. Anatomically the proper exciple remains visible for a considerable part of the ontogeny, although it eventually becomes almost completely reduced to a few pigmented or almost hyaline hyphae. This transition from lecideine to lecanorine apothecia is similar to thephysciaeformis-type ontogeny observed in somePyxinespecies. Several species currently accommodated inBuellias. lat. with diploicin and effigurate thalli that lack distinctly lobate margins are discussed and the Socotran endemicPhyscia endopyxineais transferred intoDiploicia.
Two new species ofAcarosporaceaefrom North America with carbonized epihymenial accretions
Authors: KNUDSEN Kerry , KOCOURKOVÁ Jana , WESTBERG Martin , WHEELER Tim 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAcarospora brodoanaK. Knudsen, Kocourk. & M. Westb. is described from the San Bernardino Mountains in southern California. A black hypothecium distinguishes it from other species with a carbonized epihymenium.Sarcogyne albothallinaK. Knudsen, Wheeler & M. Westb. is described from the Missouri Breaks in Montana. A white non-farinose thallus and production of 4-O-methylhiascic acid distinguishes it from other species with a carbonized epihymenium. Both species would previously have been placed inPolysporina.The current reported diversity ofAcarosporaceaein North America north of Mexico is 93 species.
Lichens on the Hudson Bay Lowlands: a long-term survey in Wapusk National Park, Manitoba
Authors: PIERCEY-NORMORE Michele D. , BRODO Irwin M. , DEDUKE Chris 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWapusk National Park is part of the Hudson Bay Lowlands in Manitoba and covers 11 475 km2. Lichen surveys were initiated in 2002 but none have reported all species incorporating broad habitat types or a baseline on which to make management decisions. The objectives of this study were: 1) to determine species diversity, including species richness and evenness of the lichens present; 2) to explore species distributions; and 3) to compare lichen growth form and substratum relationships among physiographic regions. Fifty-six locations in four habitat types (physiographic regions: open coastal beach ridge, forested coastal beach ridge, boreal transition forest, and peat plateau bog) and three burned locations were visited over nine years and specimens were collected at each location. A total of 276 species and subspecies were collected. One species is new to Canada (Buellia uberior Anzi) and ten species are new to Manitoba. Species diversity, evenness, and richness were highest in the coastal beach ridge. The open coastal beach ridge, boreal transition forest, and peat plateau bogs formed separate clusters in the non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMS) but the forested coastal beach ridge overlapped with the open coastal beach ridge. Unique species in each region may serve as indicators to monitor long-term changes. While the coastal beach ridge facilitates travel along the coast, it also represents the region with the highest need for intervention to conserve species diversity.
Microchemical and molecular investigations reveal Pseudephebe species as cryptic with an environmentally modified morphology
Authors: BOLUDA Carlos G. , HAWKSWORTH David L. , DIVAKAR Pradeep K. , CRESPO Ana , RICO Víctor J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe results of the first molecular phylogenetic study of Pseudephebe are presented; a three-locus phylogeny. The genus is confirmed as monophyletic within the alectorioid clade of Parmeliaceae. Two major clades were recovered, which can be assigned to the two traditional taxa, P. minuscula and P. pubescens, with modifications of the species delimitation, especially the variable P. minuscula. These species are cryptic and cannot be confidently distinguished morphologically due to phenotypic convergence. Therefore, the use of P. pubescens aggr. is recommended for samples not molecularly analyzed. Contrary to previous studies, specimens of both species might have indistinct pseudocyphellae and also contain lichen substances; norstictic acid was detected in c. 60% of specimens tested. An SSU 1516 Group I intron is usually present in P. minuscula but always absent in P. pubescens. The species-level nomenclature is summarized and sequenced reference specimens (RefSpec) for both Pseudephebe species are selected. Sequences from Bryoria mariensis established that this name was a synonym of P. minuscula.
Supervised approach to recognise Polish temporal expressions and rule-based interpretation of timexes
Authors: KOCOŃ JAN , MARCIŃCZUK MICHAŁ 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA key challenge of the Information Extraction in Natural Language Processing is the ability to recognise and classify temporal expressions (timexes). It is a crucial source of information about when something happens, how often something occurs or how long something lasts. Timexes extracted automatically from text, play a major role in many Information Extraction systems, such as question answering or event recognition. We prepared a broad specification of Polish timexes – PLIMEX. It is based on the state-of-the-art annotation guidelines for English, mainly TIMEX2 and TIMEX3 (a part of TimeML – Markup Language for Temporal and Event Expressions). We have expanded our specification for a description of the local meaning of timexes, based on LTIMEX annotation guidelines for English. Temporal description supports further event identification and extends event description model, focussing on anchoring events in time, events ordering and reasoning about the persistence of events. We prepared the specification, which is designed to address these issues, and we annotated all documents in Polish Corpus of Wroclaw University of Technology (KPWr) using our annotation guidelines. We also adapted our Liner2 machine learning system to recognise Polish timexes and we propose two-phase method to select a subset of features for Conditional Random Fields sequence labelling method. This article presents the whole process of corpus annotation, evaluation of inter-annotator agreement, extending Liner2 system with new features and evaluation of the recognition models before and after feature selection with the analysis of statistical significance of differences. Liner2 with presented models is available as open source software under the GNU General Public License.