bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tata Cara Perkawinan Adat Amanatun Utara (Timor) Dalam Pelaksanaan Proses“Mafe Mamoen” di Tinjau Dari Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan
Authors: Omri Yori Linome  , Reny Masu  , A.Resopijani  
Published: September 2024

Overall, Nasi Village can be seen from the topography of the hilly and mountainous area with a height of 726 km and an average rainfall of 15-20% per year. Some of the community's livelihoods are as farmers and livestock breeders with a land area of ​​670 ha/family. East Nusa Tenggara has a variety of cultures, such as traditional ceremonies, which of course differ from one region to another. The main problems in this research are (1) What are the marriage procedures for the North Timor Amanatun traditional tribe and the values ​​contained therein according to Law no. 16 of 2019? (2) What efforts have traditional leaders made to preserve the marriage procedures of the North Timorese Amanatun tribe in accordance with Law no. 16 of 2019? (3) What is the impact of marriages from the Timorese traditional tribe (North Amanatun) which are not in accordance with Law no. 16 of 2019? This research is empirical research, so the data sources used are primary data sources obtained from the field and secondary data sources obtained from the literature. The results of this research show that (1) Traditional marriage procedures in Amanatun are meeting to eat betel nut (mahine or makahina), marriage proposal (Tam Hen Tote), marriage blessing (Leutus), (2) Efforts to preserve traditional marriages in the North Amanatun Tribe (Timor) By maintaining the culture in the village of Nasi, the traditional elders do not allow other cultures to enter the village of Nasi, let alone take part in the implementation of customs. (3) The impact of traditional tribal marriages is that unexpected events occur such as "lasi maten" or death, or also the occurrence of "kan muifa ana" not having children. So the conclusion is that if you do a traditional marriage wrong, mystical things can happen.
Meningkatkan Kekuatan Pukulan Jab: Analisis Latihan Plyometric Untuk Atlet Tinju
Authors: Intanna  , Alghani Rafli , Yopi Hutomo Bhakti  
Published: September 2024

The strength of a jab in boxing is a crucial factor influencing match outcomes. The Plyometric training regimen, which combines strength training, plyometrics, and specific boxing techniques, aims to enhance both the power and speed of athletes' jabs. This research seeks to analyze the impact of this training program on improving jab strength and refining boxing technique. The study aims to identify significant changes in jab technique and strength following the implementation of the Plyometric regimen. The research methodology involves a descriptive approach, data collection from relevant sources, and statistical analysis to measure training effectiveness. Previous studies have shown that combining strength and plyometric training can improve punch speed and power. Syarifuddin & Ali, (2017) reported significant improvements in power and accuracy in amateur boxers following similar training programs. Firmansyah, (2019) also confirmed that plyometric training can increase punch strength without reducing speed.
Although specific data on the direct effects of Plyometric training are not yet available, this study concludes that training methods combining strength and plyometric elements have the potential to enhance jab strength. This conclusion is based on previous research supporting the benefits of similar training methods. Therefore, Plyometric training could be an effective approach for improving boxing performance when applied consistently. Further research is needed to provide more concrete empirical evidence on the direct effects of Plyometric training on jab strength. Coaches and athletes are advised to consider this training program as part of their routine, with guidance from sports experts to ensure effectiveness and safety. This conclusion provides a strong foundation for further exploration and practical application in the boxing world.
Asiatic acid reduces lipopolysaccharides-induced pulp inflammation through activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in rats
Authors: Cilmiaty Risya , Nurhapsari Arlina , Prayitno Adi , Rahma Annisa Aghnia , Ilyas Muhana Fawwazy 
Published: September 2024

Background
Dental pulp inflammation, often initiated by Gram-negative microorganisms and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), can lead to pulpitis and, subsequently, dental pulp necrosis, compromising tooth structure and increasing susceptibility to fracture. Asiatic acid, derived from Centella asiatica, has demonstrated pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, making it a potential candidate for mitigating LPS-induced pulp inflammation. This in vivo study aims to investigate the impact of Asiatic acid on the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway in Rattus norvegicus with LPS-induced pulp inflammation.

Methods
This quasi-laboratory experimental in vivo study employed a post-test-only control group design to investigate the effects of Asiatic acid on LPS-induced pulp inflammation in Wistar rats. Thirty rats were randomly divided into six groups subjected to various interventions. LPS was administered to all groups for 6 h except the standard control group (CG, n = 5). The negative control group (NCG, n = 5) received only glass ionomer cement. The positive control group (PCG, n = 5) received Eugenol with glass ionomer cement. Intervention groups 1, 2, and 3 (IG1, IG2, IG3; n = 5 each) received Asiatic acid at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%, respectively, with glass ionomer cement. Dental pulp inflammation was confirmed through immunological (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels), histopathological (inflammatory parameters), and physiological (pain assessment using the rat grimace scale) analyses. Additionally, Nrf2 levels were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results
Asiatic acid administration significantly influenced Nrf2 levels in rats with LPS-induced pulp inflammation. Nrf2 levels were significantly higher in groups treated with 0.5% (IG1) (8.810 ± 1.092 ng/mL; p = 0.047), 1.0% (IG2) (9.132 ± 1.285 ng/mL; p = 0.020), and 2.0% (IG3) (11.972 ± 1.888 ng/mL; p = 0.000) Asiatic acid compared to NCG (7.146 ± 0.706). Notably, Nrf2 levels were also significantly higher in the 2.0% Asiatic acid group (IG3) compared to the PCG treated with Eugenol (8.846 ± 0.888 ng/mL; p = 0.001), as well as IG1 (p = 0.001) and IG2 (p = 0.002). However, no significant difference was observed between administering 0.5% Asiatic acid (IG1), 1.0% Asiatic acid (IG2), and Eugenol (PCG).

Conclusion
This research showed that Asiatic acid significantly impacted the Nrf2 levels in rats with LPS-induced pulp inflammation. This suggests that it has the potential to be used as a therapeutic agent for reducing dental pulp inflammation. These findings support the need to further explore Asiatic acid as a promising intervention for maintaining dental pulp health.
Overview of Transgenic Glioblastoma and Oligoastrocytoma CNS Models and Their Utility in Drug Discovery
Authors: Chen Fuyi , Becker Albert , LoTurco Joseph 
Published: March 2016

AbstractMany animal models have been developed to investigate the sources of central nervous system (CNS) tumor heterogeneity. Reviewed in this unit is a recently developed CNS tumor model using the piggyBac transposon system delivered by in utero electroporation, in which sources of tumor heterogeneity can be conveniently studied. Their applications for studying CNS tumors and drug discovery are also reviewed. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Distinct responses of planktonic foraminiferal B/Ca to dissolution on seafloor
Authors: Dai Yuhao , Yu Jimin , Johnstone Heather J. H. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe have measured B/Ca in four core‐top planktonic foraminiferal species (Globigerinoides ruber (white), Globigerinoides sacculifer (without final sac‐like chamber), Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, and Pulleniatina obliquiloculata) from three depth transects (the Caribbean Sea, the southwestern Indian Ocean, and the Ontong Java Plateau) to evaluate the effect of dissolution on planktonic foraminiferal B/Ca. At each transect, G. ruber (w) and G. sacculifer (w/o sac) show decreasing B/Ca with increasing water depth. This decrease in B/Ca is accompanied with decreases in shell weights, Mg/Ca, and bottom water calcite saturation state. This indicates a postdepositional dissolution effect on B/Ca in these two species. The strong correlation observed between changes in B/Ca and bottom water calcite saturation state offers an approach to correcting for the dissolution bias. By contrast, B/Ca in N. dutertrei and P. obliquiloculata remains unchanged along depth transects, although shell weights and Mg/Ca display significant declines. Overall, our core‐top results suggest species‐specific dissolution effects on B/Ca in different planktonic foraminiferal species.
Asian dust transport during the last century recorded in Lake Suigetsu sediments
Authors: Nagashima Kana , Suzuki Yoshiaki , Irino Tomohisa , Nakagawa Takeshi , Tada Ryuji , Hara Yukari , Yamada Kazuyoshi , Kurosaki Yasunori 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAsian dust has a significant impact on the natural environment. Its variability on multiple timescales modulates the ocean biogeochemistry and climate. We demonstrate that temporal changes in the deposition flux of Aeolian dust recorded in sediments from Lake Suigetsu, central Japan, during the last century exhibit a continuous decreasing trend and a decadal‐scale decrease in 1952–1974. The former decreasing trend can be explained by a decrease in the dust storm frequency at source regions due to the warming of Mongolia in the twentieth century, suggesting future decrease of Asian dust transport with further warming in Mongolia. Decadal‐scale decrease of Aeolian dust is explained by weaker westerlies in lower latitudes in central Japan, reflecting a weaker Aleutian Low during the corresponding period. Decadal‐scale westerly change probably causes north–south shifts of the dominant dust transport path, which affects subarctic northern Pacific Ocean biogeochemistry by changing the micronutrient iron supply.
Seismo‐electromagnetic thin‐bed responses: Natural signal enhancements?
Authors: Grobbe N. , Slob E. C. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe study if nature can help us overcome the very low signal‐to‐noise ratio of seismo‐electromagnetic converted fields by investigating the effects of thin‐bed geological structures on the seismo‐electromagnetic signal. To investigate the effects of bed thinning on the seismo‐electromagnetic interference patterns, we numerically simulate seismo‐electromagnetic wave propagation through horizontally layered media with different amounts and thicknesses of thin beds. We distinguish two limits of bed thickness. Below the upper limit, the package of thin beds starts acting like an “effective” medium. Below the lower limit, further thinning does not affect the seismo‐electromagnetic interface response signal strength anymore. We demonstrate seismo‐electromagnetic sensitivity to changes in medium parameters on a spatial scale much smaller than the seismic resolution. Increasing amounts of thin beds can cause the interface response signal strength to increase or decrease. Whether constructive or destructive interference occurs seems to be dependent on the seismo‐electromagnetic coupling coefficient contrasts. When the combined result of the contrast, between upper half‐space and package of thin beds and the internal thin‐bed contrast, is positive, constructive interference occurs. Destructive interference occurs when the combined contrast is negative. Maximum amplitude tuning occurs for thicknesses of thin‐bed packages similar to the dominant pressure and shear wavelengths. Artifacts due to model periodicity are excluded by comparing periodic media with random models. By simulating moving oil/water contacts during production, where the oil layer is gradually being thinned, seismo‐electromagnetic signals are proven very sensitive to oil/water contacts. An oil layer with a thickness of <1% of the dominant shear wavelength is still recognized.
Tipping elements of the Indian monsoon: Prediction of onset and withdrawal
Authors: Stolbova Veronika , Surovyatkina Elena , Bookhagen Bodo , Kurths Jürgen 
Published: March 2016

AbstractForecasting the onset and withdrawal of the Indian summer monsoon is crucial for the life and prosperity of more than one billion inhabitants of the Indian subcontinent. However, accurate prediction of monsoon timing remains a challenge, despite numerous efforts. Here we present a method for prediction of monsoon timing based on a critical transition precursor. We identify geographic regions—tipping elements of the monsoon—and use them as observation locations for predicting onset and withdrawal dates. Unlike most predictability methods, our approach does not rely on precipitation analysis but on air temperature and relative humidity, which are well represented both in models and observations. The proposed method allows to predict onset 2 weeks earlier and withdrawal dates 1.5 months earlier than existing methods. In addition, it enables to correctly forecast monsoon duration for some anomalous years, often associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation.
Schools and Families
Authors: Parcel Toby L. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Children spend considerable time in both their families and their schools, making each of these institutions critical for child socialization. That these two institutions are separate in contemporary society renders their intersection important. Both are sites for investing in children; resources from each may combine to promote child well‐being. Social class often influences parental child socialization strategies, which have implications for child school success and subsequent placement in stratification systems. Families and schools may also conflict, with parents often having the power to change children's school assignments.
S
pain, Families in
Authors: Meil Gerardo , Rogero‐García Jesús 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Spain is characterized by a growing diversification of family patterns. Family size is significantly lower than in other European countries, partly because both emancipation and age at first childbirth occur fairly late in life. Broken marriages, cohabitation, and same‐sex unions have been consolidated as routine events. Child care and care for the elderly are also now in the hands of a broader base of agents, while the functions traditionally assumed by families are being increasingly commoditized. Gender inequalities in the domestic domain have declined, although the divide is still wider than in Europe on average. The economic crisis of 2007–8 has shaped family patterns: the number of broken marriages has decreased; some families are experiencing material shortfalls and finding it harder to harmonize work and family responsibilities; and intergenerational assistance, both financial and in the form of caregiving, has intensified.
Social Fathers
Authors: Hendricks Justin J. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The term “social father” refers to the social element of fatherhood in contrast with the biological. Demographic trends and advances in technology since the 1980s have brought social fathers to the forefront of theoretical and legal debates. Contemporary research on social fathers focuses on comparing the differences between social and biological fathers while assessing child outcomes. Other researchers focus on how fathers construct their social identity regardless of their genetic relationship with the child.
Friends with Benefits
Authors: Mongeau Paul A. , Van Raalte Lisa J. , Generous Mark Alan , Bednarchik Lori A. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Friends with benefits relationships (FWBRs) represents a relationship where partners (who do not identify their relationship as romantic) engage in repeated sexual interactions. This relational hybrid attempts to combine the safe environment (i.e., closeness and trust) of a friendship with the access to sexual interaction characteristic of a romantic relationship. Although communicative rules of friendship imply openness between partners, communication about the FWBR (especially discussion of emotions such as love and jealousy) are typically frowned upon. Research suggests that considerable variety characterizes FWBRs in terms of how well partners know each other as well as their partners' romantic motivations and feelings. Thus, FWBRs are very complex and heterogeneous.
Fathers as Caregivers
Authors: Yeung Wei‐Jun Jean 
Published: March 2016

AbstractExpectations for fathers to play a greater role as caregiver has heightened as female educational attainment and labor force participation rates increase in most societies. Studies have shown an increase in fathers' involvement in childrearing since the 1970s, albeit at varying rates and in diverse nature in different socioeconomic, cultural, and policy contexts. In general, fathers in Nordic countries are shown to be most involved while those in Asian countries and many developing countries are less involved. Among a wide range of factors that influence fathers' caregiving behavior, men's educational attainment is has been found to be a key determinant in all societies. This entry summarizes the general trends and determinants of paternal involvement in caretaking, reasons for variation across societies, and consequences for fathers' caregiving on children's development.
Family Relations
(Journal)
Authors: Hans Jason D. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Family Relations: Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies
is a peer‐reviewed academic journal launched by the National Council on Family Relations in 1952. The journal's applied focus means that articles are expected to have clear implications for practice; that is, to provide guidance on how the findings can be used to address challenges or enhance experiences in families or romantic relationships. Many family scientists view
Family Relations
as the premier scientific journal for finding this type of applied research.
Family Law in the
U
nited
S
tates
Authors: Duncan Melanie L. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Family law encompasses a wide range of legal concerns that impact families in some manner. Modern family law is an interdisciplinary field that takes into consideration the fields of law, sociology, psychology, and economics. The areas addressed within family law include marriage, relationship recognition, divorce, custody and support, and the rights of parents and children. This entry covers the history of US family law, the areas that it addresses, and the future of family law.
Biodegradation of Isotactic Polypropylene (iPP)/Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and iPP/PLA/Nano Calcium Carbonates Using Phanerochaete chrysosporium
Authors: Shimpi Navinchandra , Borane Mahesh , Mishra Satyendra , Kadam Meghraj , Sonawane S. S. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTPhanerochaete chrysosporium species was used to study the degradation of polymeric composites of (a) isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and (PLA) (iPP/PLA), and (b) iPP/PLA filled with calcium carbonate nanoparticles (nCaCO3). PLA was synthesized using l‐lactic acid under the controlled ultrasound cavitation technique, dried and used for composite preparation. Meanwhile, the synthesis and subsequent surface modification of nCaCO3 was done using the ultrasound cavitation technique. Owing to ultrasound cavitation, a reaction mixture is dispersed uniformly but at the same time strong electrostatic force of attraction is developed over the surface of nCaCO3 particles, which forms the agglomeration of particles. The deagglomeration as well as charge nullification was achieved using surface modification of CaCO3 nanoparticles with triethoxy vinyl silane (TEVS) under controlled stirring. The sheets of iPP/PLA and iPP/PLA/nCaCO3 were prepared at normal condition and subjected to a degradation study in minimal medium using P. chrysosporium microorganism up to 28 days. The growth of microorganism and fractures inside the polymer matrix before and after degradation was observed using a scanning electron microscope. Changes in extracellular protein content, biomass production, and percent degradation with respect to time of incubated samples have also been studied. It was found that the iPP/PLA/nCaCO3 (5 phr) and iPP/PLA (at 30% PLA) composites show an increment in degradation. The presence of nCaCO3 leads to faster degradation of iPP/PLA/nCaCO3 nanocomposites, which decreases the mechanical property by 30% of PLA and 5 wt% of nCaCO3 content.
Cold stress improves the production of artemisinin depending on the increase in endogenous jasmonate
Authors: Liu Wanhong , Wang Huanyan , Chen Yupei , Zhu Shunqin , Chen Min , Lan Xiaozhong , Chen Guoping , Liao Zhihua 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPrevious publications reported that the artemisinin level was increased in Artemisia annua following a night‐frost period. However, the molecular mechanism was not clear. In this study, we found that exogenous jasmonate (JA) effectively enhanced the freezing tolerance of A. annua. The JA biosynthetic genes (LOX1, LOX2, allene oxide cyclase [AOC], and jasmonate resistant 1 [JAR1]) were induced by cold stress, leading to an increase in endogenous JA in cold‐treated A. annua. Increased endogenous JA enhanced the expression of three JA‐responsive transcription factors, ethylene response factor 1, ethylene response factor 2, and octadecanoid‐responsive AP2/ERF, all of which were reported to transcriptionally activate the expression of artemisinin biosynthetic genes, such as amorpha‐4,11‐diene synthase (ADS), CYP71AV1, DBR2, and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1). Furthermore, the expression levels of the four artemisinin biosynthetic genes were also significantly increased under cold stress. Consequently, the levels of artemisinin and related secondary metabolites, such as dihydroartemisinic acid, artemisinin B, and artemisinic acid, were increased in A. annua under cold stress. Our study points to a molecular mechanism in which the production of artemisinin is regulated by cold stress in A. annua.
Definition and clinical significance of tumour rupture in gastrointestinal stromal tumours of the small intestine
Authors: Hølmebakk T , Bjerkehagen B , Boye K , Bruland Ø , Stoldt S , Sundby Hall K 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Background
Tumour rupture is a risk factor for recurrence of gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST). In this study, patterns of recurrence after potential tumour seeding were investigated, and a new definition of tumour rupture, based on major and minor defects of tumour integrity, is proposed.

Methods
Patients undergoing surgery for non-metastatic small intestinal GIST from 2000 to 2012 were included in the study. Tumour spillage, tumour fracture or piecemeal resection, bowel perforation at the tumour site, blood-tinged ascites, microscopic tumour infiltration into an adjacent organ, and surgical biopsy were defined as major defects of tumour integrity. Peritoneal tumour penetration, iatrogenic peritoneal laceration and microscopically involved margins were defined as minor defects.

Results
Seventy-two patients were identified. Median follow-up was 58 (range 7–122) months. Radical surgery was performed in 71 patients. A major defect was recorded in 20 patients, and a minor defect in 21. The 5-year recurrence rate was 64, 29 and 31 per cent in patients with major, minor and no defect respectively (P = 0·001). The hazard ratio (HR) for major defect versus no defect was 3·55 (95 per cent c.i. 1·51 to 8·35). Peritoneal recurrence rates for major, minor and no defect were 52, 25 and 19 per cent respectively (P = 0·002), and the HR for major defect versus no defect was 4·98 (1·69 to 14·68). On multivariable analysis, mitotic index, major defect of tumour integrity, tumour size and age were independently associated with risk of recurrence.

Conclusion
Recurrence rates were increased after major, but not minor tumour ruptures.