bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Googling Service Boundaries for Endovascular Clot Retrieval Hub Hospitals in a Metropolitan Setting
Authors: Phan Thanh G. , Beare Richard , Chen Jian , Clissold Benjamin , Ly John , Singhal Shaloo , Ma Henry , Srikanth Velandai 
Published: March 2017

Background and Purpose—
There is great interest in how endovascular clot retrieval hubs provide services to a population. We applied a computational method to objectively generate service boundaries for such endovascular clot retrieval hubs, defined by traveling time to hub.

Methods—
Stroke incidence data merged with population census to estimate numbers of stroke in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia. Traveling time from randomly generated addresses to 4 endovascular clot retrieval–capable hubs (Royal Melbourne Hospital [RMH], Monash Medical Center [MMC], Alfred Hospital [ALF], and Austin Hospital [AUS]) estimated using Google Map application program interface. Boundary maps generated based on traveling time at various times of day for combinations of hubs.

Results—

In a 2-hub model, catchment was best distributed when RMH was paired with MMC (model 1a, RMH 1765 km
2
and MMC 1164 km
2
) or with AUS (model 1c, RMH 1244 km
2
and AUS 1685 km
2
), with no statistical difference between models (
P
=0.20). Catchment was poorly distributed when RMH was paired with ALF (model 1b, RMH 2252 km
2
and ALF 676 km
2
), significantly different from both models 1a and 1c (both
P
<0.05). Model 1a had the greatest proportion of patients arriving within ideal time of 30 minutes followed by model 1c (
P
<0.001). In a 3-hub model, the combination of RMH, MMC, and AUS was superior to that of RMH, MMC, and ALF in catchment distribution and travel time. The method was also successfully applied to the city of Adelaide demonstrating wider applicability.

Conclusions—
We provide proof of concept for a novel computational method to objectively designate service boundaries for endovascular clot retrieval hubs.
Dynamics of White Matter Plasticity Underlying Working Memory Training: Multimodal Evidence from Diffusion MRI and Relaxometry
Authors: Metzler-Baddeley Claudia , Foley Sonya , de Santis Silvia , Charron Cyril , Hampshire Adam , Caeyenberghs Karen , Jones Derek K. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Adaptive working memory (WM) training may lead to cognitive benefits that are associated with white matter plasticity in parietofrontal networks, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We investigated white matter microstructural changes after adaptive WM training relative to a nonadaptive comparison group. Microstructural changes were studied in the superior longitudinal fasciculus, the main parietofrontal connection, and the cingulum bundle as a comparison pathway. MRI-based metrics were the myelin water fraction and longitudinal relaxation rate R1 from multicomponent relaxometry (captured with the mcDESPOT approach) as proxy metrics of myelin, the restricted volume fraction from the composite hindered and restricted model of diffusion as an estimate of axon morphology, and fractional anisotropy and radial diffusivity from diffusion tensor imaging. PCA was used for dimensionality reduction. Adaptive training was associated with benefits in a “WM capacity” component and increases in a microstructural component (increases in R1, restricted volume fraction, fractional anisotropy, and reduced radial diffusivity) that predominantly loaded on changes in the right dorsolateral superior longitudinal fasciculus and the left parahippocampal cingulum. In contrast, nonadaptive comparison activities were associated with the opposite pattern of reductions in WM capacity and microstructure. No group differences were observed for the myelin water fraction metric suggesting that R1 was a more sensitive “myelin” index. These results demonstrate task complexity and location-specific white matter microstructural changes that are consistent with tissue alterations underlying myelination in response to training.
How Frequent is Precipitation over the Contiguous United States? Perspectives from Ground-Based and Spaceborne Radars
Authors: Smalley Mark , Kirstetter Pierre-Emmanuel , L’Ecuyer Tristan 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
High temporal and spatial resolution observations of precipitation occurrence from the NEXRAD-based Multi-Radar Multi-Sensor (MRMS) system are compared to matched observations from CloudSat for 3 years over the contiguous United States (CONUS). Across the CONUS, precipitation is generally reported more frequently by CloudSat (7.8%) than by MRMS (6.3%), with dependence on factors such as the NEXRAD beam height, the near-surface air temperature, and the surface elevation. There is general agreement between ground-based and satellite-derived precipitation events over flat surfaces, especially in widespread precipitation events and when the NEXRAD beam heights are low. Within 100 km of the nearest NEXRAD site, MRMS reports a precipitation frequency of 7.54% while CloudSat reports 7.38%. However, further inspection reveals offsetting biases between the products, where CloudSat reports more snow and MRMS reports more rain. The magnitudes of these discrepancies correlate with elevation, but they are observed in both the complex terrain of the Rocky Mountains and the relatively flat midwestern areas of the CONUS. The findings advocate for caution when using MRMS frequency and accumulations in complex terrain, when temperatures are below freezing, and at ranges greater than 100 km. A multiresolution analysis shows that no more than 1.88% of CloudSat pixels over flat terrain are incorrectly identified as nonprecipitating as a result of shallow showers residing the CloudSat clutter-filled blind zone when near-surface air temperatures are above 15°C.
A Feasibility Study on Using an Internet-Panel Survey to Measure Perceptions of E-cigarettes in 3 Metropolitan Areas, 2015
Authors: Miller Eric A. , Berman Lewis , Atienza Audie , Middleton Deirdre , Iachan Ronaldo , Tortora Robert , Boyle John 
Published: March 2017

Objectives: Internet-panel surveys are emerging as a means to quickly and cost-effectively collect health data, and because of their large memberships, they could be used for community-level surveys. To determine the feasibility of using an internet-panel survey to quickly provide community-level data, we conducted a pilot test of a health survey in 3 US metropolitan areas. Methods: We conducted internet-panel surveys in Cleveland, Ohio; New York, New York; and Seattle, Washington, in 2015. Slightly more than 500 people responded to the survey in each city. We compared weighted unadjusted prevalence estimates from the internet-panel data with estimates from the 2014 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) for the following question in each survey: “Compared to smoking cigarettes, would you say that electronic cigarettes are…much less harmful, less harmful, just as harmful, more harmful, much more harmful, or I’ve never heard of electronic cigarettes.” We used multivariable logistic regression to compare associations of respondents’ demographic and health characteristics with perceived harm from e-cigarettes. Results: The prevalence of the perception that e-cigarettes are less harmful than smoking cigarettes ranged from 35.9% to 39.9% in the internet-panel sites and was 43.0% in HINTS. Most patterns of beliefs and respondent characteristics in the internet-panel data were consistent with patterns in HINTS. We found inconsistent patterns between internet-panel sites and HINTS by race/ethnicity and education. Conclusions: This feasibility study found that internet-panel surveys could quickly produce community-level data for targeted public health interventions and evaluation, but they may be limited in producing estimates among subgroups.
Noninvasive prenatal screening for fetal common sex chromosome aneuploidies from maternal blood
Authors: Zhang Bin , Lu Bei-Yi , Yu Bin , Zheng Fang-Xiu , Zhou Qin , Chen Ying-Ping , Zhang Xiao-Qing 
Published: March 2017

Objective To explore the feasibility of high-throughput massively parallel genomic DNA sequencing technology for the noninvasive prenatal detection of fetal sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs). Methods The study enrolled pregnant women who were prepared to undergo noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) in the second trimester. Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) was extracted from the mother’s peripheral venous blood and a high-throughput sequencing procedure was undertaken. Patients identified as having pregnancies associated with SCAs were offered prenatal fetal chromosomal karyotyping. Results The study enrolled 10 275 pregnant women who were prepared to undergo NIPT. Of these, 57 pregnant women (0.55%) showed fetal SCA, including 27 with Turner syndrome (45,X), eight with Triple X syndrome (47,XXX), 12 with Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY) and three with 47,XYY. Thirty-three pregnant women agreed to undergo fetal karyotyping and 18 had results consistent with NIPT, while 15 patients received a normal karyotype result. The overall positive predictive value of NIPT for detecting SCAs was 54.54% (18/33) and for detecting Turner syndrome (45,X) was 29.41% (5/17). Conclusion NIPT can be used to identify fetal SCAs by analysing cffDNA using massively parallel genomic sequencing, although the accuracy needs to be improved particularly for Turner syndrome (45,X).
Association Between Early Idiopathic Neonatal Jaundice and Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Özcan Murat , Sarici S Ümit , Yurdugül Yüksel , Akpinar Melis , Altun Demet , Özcan Begüm , Serdar Muhittin A , Sarici Dilek 
Published: March 2017

Background and purpose: Etiologic role, incidence, demographic, and response-to-treatment characteristics of urinary tract infection (UTI) among neonates, its relationship with significant neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, and abnormalities of the urinary system were studied in a prospective investigation in early (≤10 days) idiopathic neonatal jaundice in which all other etiologic factors of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were ruled out. Patients and methods: Urine samples for microscopic and bacteriologic examination were obtained with bladder catheterization from 155 newborns with early neonatal jaundice. Newborns with a negative urine culture and with a positive urine culture were defined as group I and group II, respectively, and the 2 groups were compared with each other. Results: The incidence of UTI in whole of the study group was 16.7%. Serum total and direct bilirubin levels were statistically significantly higher in group II when compared with group I ( P = .005 and P = .001, respectively). Decrease in serum total bilirubin level at the 24th hour of phototherapy was statistically significantly higher in group I compared with group II ( P = .022). Conclusions: Urinary tract infection should be investigated in the etiologic evaluation of newborns with significant hyperbilirubinemia. The possibility of UTI should be considered in jaundiced newborns who do not respond to phototherapy well or have a prolonged duration of phototherapy treatment.
Embodied Value Co-creation: A Turn-taking Perspective on Service Encounter Interactions
Authors: Echeverri Per , Salomonson Nicklas 
Published: March 2017

This article aims at advancing research on value creation in service marketing by applying theories of turn-taking and multimodality. It is argued that there is a need to uncover what is inherent in the prefix ‘co’ in value co-creation and that focus needs to be broadened, from perception of value to the production of value, that is, the specific reciprocal and embodied actions in service encounters. For the analysis, an empirical study of complex interactions between service providers and customers is used. A practice approach is applied, combining interviews and observations of interactants in situ. The article identifies four specific turn-taking patterns, ranging from ‘simple’ to ‘elaborated’, defined by their character and that uncover how the interactants reciprocally use multiple modes in the production of social outcomes. Theoretically, the study contributes to more fine-grained explanations to what explains the creation (and destruction) of value.
Fogoite-(Y), Na3Ca2Y2Ti(Si2O7)2OF3, a Group I TS-block mineral from the Lagoa do Fogo, the Fogo volcano, São Miguel Island, the Azores: Description and crystal structure
Authors: Cámara F. , Sokolova E. , Abdu Y. A. , Hawthorne F. C. , Charrier T. , Dorcet V. , Carpentier J. -F. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFogoite-(Y), Na3Ca2Y2Ti(Si2O7)2OF3, is a new mineral from the Lagoa do Fogo, São Miguel Island, the Azores. It occurs in cavities as highly elongated (on [001]) prisms, up to 2000 μm long and 50 μm× 50 μm in cross-section, associated with sanidine, astrophyllite, fluornatropyrochlore, ferrokentbrooksite, quartz and ferro-katophorite. Crystals are generally transparent and colourless, with vitreous lustre, occasionally creamy white. Fogoite-(Y) has a white streak, splintery fracture and very good {100} cleavage. Mohs hardness is ∼5.Dcalc.= 3.523 g/cm3. It is biaxial (+) with refractive indices (λ = 590 nm) α = 1.686(2), β = 1.690(2), γ = 1.702(5); 2Vmeas.= 57(1)° and 2Vcalc.= 60°. It is nonpleochroic. Fogoite-(Y) is triclinic, space groupP1,a= 9.575(6),b= 5.685(4),c= 7.279(5) Å, α = 89.985(6), β = 100.933(4), γ = 101.300(5)°,V= 381.2 (7) Å3. The six strongest reflections in the powder X-ray diffraction data [d(Å), I, (hkl)] are: 2.954, 100, (1̄1̄2, 3̄10); 3.069, 42, (300, 01̄2); 2.486, 24, (310, 21̄2); 3.960, 23, (1̄1̄1, 2̄10); 2.626, 21, (2̄20); 1.820, 20, (1̄04). Electron microprobe analysis gave the following empirical formula calculated on 18 (O + F) (Na2.74Mn0.15)∑2.89Ca2[Y1.21(La0.01Ce0.03Nd0.03Sm0.02Gd0.08Dy0.08Er0.05Yb0.04Lu0.01)∑0.35Mn0.16Zr0.11Na0.09Fe0.072+Ca0.01]∑2(Ti0.76Nb0.23Ta0.01)∑1(Si4.03O14)O1.12F2.88,Z= 1. The crystal structure was refined on a twinnedcrystal toR1= 2.81% on the basis of 2157 unique reflections (Fo> 4σFo) and is a framework of TS (Titanium Silicate) blocks, which consist of HOH sheets (H – heteropolyhedral, O – octahedral) parallel to (100). In the O sheet, the the[6]MO(1) site is occupied mainly by Ti, <MO(1)–ϕ> = 1.980 Å, and the[6]MO(2) and[6]MO(3) sites are occupied by Na and Na plus minor Mn, <MO(2)–ϕ>= 2.490 Å and <MO(3)–ϕ> = 2.378 Å. In the H sheet, the two[4]Si sites are occupied by Si, with <Si–O> = 1.623 Å; the[6]MHsite is occupied by Y and rare-earth elements (Y >REE), with minor Mn, Zr, Na, Fe2+and Ca, <MH–ϕ> = 2.271 Å and the[6]APsite is occupied by Ca, <AP–ϕ> = 2.416 Å. The MHand APoctahedra and Si2O7groups constitute the H sheet. The ideal compositions of the O and two H sheets are Na3Ti(OF)F2and Y2Ca2(Si2O7)2apfu. Fogoite-(Y) is isostructural with götzenite and hainite. The mineral is named after the type locality, the Fogo volcano in the Azores.
Leukocyte phosphodiesterase expression after lipopolysaccharide and during sepsis and its relationship with HLA-DR expression
Authors: Lelubre Christophe , Medfai Hayfa , Akl Israa , Leentjens Jenneke , Kox Matthijs , Pickkers Peter , Rousseau Alexandre , Biston Patrick , Piagnerelli Michael , Vanhaeverbeek Michel , Uzureau Pierrick , Vincent Jean-Louis , Vanhamme Luc , Boudjeltia Karim Zouaoui 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) may modulate inflammatory pathways, but PDE expression is poorly documented in humans with sepsis. Using quantitative PCR on whole blood leukocytes, we characterized PDE mRNA expression in healthy volunteers (n = 20), healthy volunteers given lipopolysaccharide (LPS; n = 18), and critically ill patients with (n = 20) and without (n = 20) sepsis. PDE4B protein expression was also studied in magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS)–isolated CD15+ neutrophils (from 7 healthy volunteers, 5 patients without and 5 with sepsis). We studied relationships between PDE expression, HLA-DR (mRNA and expression on CD14+ monocytes), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-10 levels. LPS administration in volunteers was associated with increases in PDE4B and PDE4D and decreases in PDE4A and PDE7A mRNAs. The observed global down-regulation of the HLA-DR complex was correlated with PDE7A. Critically ill patients had lower TNF-α/IL-10 mRNA ratios than the volunteers had and global down-regulation of the HLA-DR complex. Septic patients had persistently lower mRNA levels of PDE7A, PDE4A, and 4B (also at a protein level) and decreasing levels of PDE4D over time. Low PDE4D mRNA levels correlated negatively with HLA-DMA and HLA-DMB. LPS administration and sepsis are, therefore, associated with different PDE mRNA expression patterns. The effect of PDE changes on immune dysfunction and HLA-DR expression requires further investigation.
Cigarette Smoking and Pancreatic Cancer Survival
Authors: Yuan Chen , Morales-Oyarvide Vicente , Babic Ana , Clish Clary B. , Kraft Peter , Bao Ying , Qian Zhi Rong , Rubinson Douglas A. , Ng Kimmie , Giovannucci Edward L. , Ogino Shuji , Stampfer Meir J. , Gaziano John Michael , Sesso Howard D. , Cochrane Barbara B. , Manson JoAnn E. , Fuchs Charles S. , Wolpin Brian M. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose Cigarette smoking is associated with increased incidence of pancreatic cancer. However, few studies have prospectively evaluated the association of smoking with patient survival. Patients and Methods We analyzed survival by smoking status among 1,037 patients from two large US prospective cohort studies diagnosed from 1986 to 2013. Among 485 patients from four prospective US cohorts, we also evaluated survival by prediagnostic circulating levels of cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine that is proportional to tobacco smoke exposure. On the basis of prediagnosis cotinine levels, we classified patients as nonsmokers (< 3.1 ng/mL), light smokers (3.1-20.9 ng/mL), or heavy smokers (≥ 21.0 ng/mL). We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for death by using Cox proportional hazards models, with adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index, diabetes status, diagnosis year, and cancer stage. Results The multivariable-adjusted HR for death was 1.37 (95% CI, 1.11 to 1.69) comparing current smokers with never smokers ( P = .003). A statistically significant negative trend in survival was observed for increasing pack-years of smoking ( Ptrend = .008), with HR for death of 1.49 (95% CI, 1.05 to 2.10) for > 60 pack-years of smoking versus never smoking. Survival among former smokers was similar to that for never smokers, regardless of time since quitting. Heavy smokers defined by prediagnostic circulating cotinine levels had a multivariable-adjusted HR for death of 1.76 (95% CI, 1.23 to 2.51) compared with nonsmokers. Among patients with circulating cotinine levels measured within 5 years before diagnosis, heavy smokers had a multivariable-adjusted HR for death of 2.47 (95% CI, 1.24 to 4.92) compared with nonsmokers. Conclusion Cigarette smoking was associated with a reduction in survival among patients with pancreatic cancer.
Matching target dose to target organ
Authors: Bannon Desmond I. , Williams Marc A. 
Published: March 2017

In vitro assays have become a mainstay of modern approaches to toxicology with the promise of replacing or reducing the number of in vivo tests required to establish benchmark doses, as well as increasing mechanistic understanding. However, matching target dose to target organ is an often overlooked aspect of in vitro assays, and the calibration of in vitro exposure against in vivo benchmark doses is often ignored, inadvertently or otherwise. An example of this was recently published in Environmental Health Perspectives by Wagner et al (2016), where neural stems cells were used to model the molecular toxicity of lead. On closer examination of the in vitro work, the doses used in media reflected in vivo lead doses that would be at the highest end of lead toxicity, perhaps even lethal. Here we discuss the doses used and suggest more realistic doses for future work with stem cells or other neuronal cell lines.
An Analytical Throughput Approximation for Closed Fork/Join Networks
Authors: Sönmez Erkut , Scheller-Wolf Alan , Secomandi Nicola 
Published: March 2017

Queueing networks featuring fork/join stations are natural models for a variety of computer and manufacturing systems. Unfortunately, an exact solution for a Markovian fork/join network can only be obtained by analyzing the underlying Markov chain using numerical methods, and these methods are computationally feasible only for networks with small population sizes and numbers of service stations. In this paper we present a new, simple, and accurate analytical approximation method to estimate the throughput (and other performance metrics) of a closed queueing network that features a single fork/join station receiving inputs from general subnetworks. An extensive numerical study illustrates the high accuracy of our proposed technique, especially for networks with large populations and numbers of stations. It also shows that the accuracy of our approximation method improves with increasing population size, deteriorating network balance, and increasing number of stations when the added stations weaken the network balance. Furthermore, our method has significant computational advantages compared to simulation and existing approximation techniques, the latter of which are in general less accurate than ours and in many cases even fail to provide a solution in our numerical study. We also bound analytically the relative error of our method for a broad class of networks, which provides theoretical support for some of our numerical observations. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2016.0727 .
How to Deal with Liars? Designing Intelligent Rule-Based Expert Systems to Increase Accuracy or Reduce Cost
Authors: Cai Yuanfeng , Jiang Zhengrui , Mookerjee Vijay 
Published: March 2017

Input distortion is a common problem faced by expert systems, particularly those deployed with a Web interface. In this study, we develop novel methods to distinguish liars from truth-tellers, and redesign rule-based expert systems to address such a problem. The four proposed methods are termed split tree (ST), consolidated tree (CT), value-based split tree (VST), and value-based consolidated tree (VCT), respectively. Among them, ST and CT aim to increase an expert system’s accuracy of recommendations, and VST and VCT attempt to reduce the misclassification cost resulting from incorrect recommendations. We observe that ST and VST are less efficient than CT and VCT in that ST and VST always require selected attribute values to be verified, whereas CT and VCT do not require value verification under certain input scenarios. We conduct experiments to compare the performances of the four proposed methods and two existing methods, i.e., the traditional true tree (TT) method that ignores input distortion and the knowledge modification (KM) method proposed in prior research. The results show that CT and ST consistently rank first and second, respectively, in maximizing the recommendation accuracy, and VCT and VST always lead to the lowest and second lowest misclassification cost. Therefore, CT and VCT should be the methods of choice in dealing with users’ lying behaviors. Furthermore, we find that KM is outperformed by not only the four proposed methods, but sometimes even by the TT method. This result further confirms the advantage necessity of differentiating liars from truth-tellers when both types of users exist in the population. A supplemental video can be found at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2016.0728 .