bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Rationale for Targeted Therapies and Stereotactic Radiosurgery in the Treatment of Brain Metastases
Authors: Moraes Fabio Ynoe , Taunk Neil K. , Marta Gustavo Nader , Suh John H. , Yamada Yoshiya 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBrain metastases are the most common intracranial malignancy. Many approaches, including radiation therapy, surgery, and cytotoxic chemotherapy, have been used to treat patients with brain metastases depending on the patient’s disease burden and symptoms. However, stereotactic surgery (SRS) has revolutionized local treatment of brain metastases. Likewise, targeted therapies, including small-molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies that target cancer cell metabolism or angiogenesis, have transformed managing systemic disease. Prospective data on combining these treatments for synergistic effect are limited, but early data show favorable safety and efficacy profiles. The combination of SRS and targeted therapy will further individualize treatment, potentially obviating the need for cytotoxic chemotherapy or whole-brain radiation. There is a great need to pursue research into these exciting modalities and novel combinations to further improve the treatment of patients with brain metastases. This article discusses reported and ongoing clinical trials assessing the safety and efficacy of targeted therapy during SRS.
La XXVI Legislatura frente a Victoriano Huerta, ¿un caso de parlamentarismo?
Authors: MacGregor Josefina 
Published: January 2016

<p>Hipótesis innovadoras sobre la gestión Huerta. Explica la clausura de la Legislatura por las relaciones entre distintas esferas de gobierno y por la influencia del movimiento revolucionario. La coyuntura generada por la revolución obliga a que cada poder defina sus facultades en relación al otro.</p>
Plutarco Elías Calles y su política agraria
Authors: Herrera Serna Laura 
Published: January 2016

<p>Análisis de los siete aspectos que fundamentan la "Reforma Agraria Integral", .ideario agrarista de Calles, a fin de demostrar su vigencia; financiamiento; infraestructura; tecnología; colonización, etc. Manejo de estadísticas y gráficas.</p>
Reseña del libro: "Documentos relativos al general Felipe Ángeles", Matute, Álvaro, comp.
Authors: Villa G. Guadalupe 
Published: January 2016

Aportación al estudio de etapas poco conocidas de la trayectoria de Ángeles: la reincorporación con Villa, la campaña en Morelos para combatir a Zapata; sus contactos con exiliados políticos en EU, que permiten nuevas posibilidades en el estudio de la revolución. Compila reportes del Departamento de Inteligencia Militar norteamericano, epistolario, etc
La vida con Villa en la hacienda de Canutillo
Authors: Meyer Eugenia , Pastor Ma. Alba , Sepúlveda Ximena , Souza María Isabel 
Published: January 2016

<p>Segunda edición corregida y aumentada de un artículo que publicó el INAH. Reconstruye aspectos de la vida comunitaria de los villistas entre 1920 Y ­1923. Estudio metodológicamente basado en entrevistas grabadas, de historia oral, a los sobrevivientes del periodo.</p>
Trabajadores y lucha por el poder político en el gobierno de Carranza. Los orígenes de la acción múltiple (1917-1920)
Authors: Cárdenas García Nicolás 
Published: January 2016

<p>La represión carrancista a los intentos de organización del movimiento obrero preparó el transito del anarcosindicalismo al "oportunismo creativo", que buscaba alianzas con sectores revolucionarios para obtener concesiones. Establecida su hegemonía, la CROM selló una alianza de subordinación con Obregón, a fin de lograr reformas.</p>
Jamaica: las fuerzas de seguridad ¿fiel de la balanza en el futuro?
Authors: García Muñiz Humberto 
Published: January 2016

<p>Análisis de la situación política jamaiquina entre 1972-1984 y de la relación de las fuerzas armadas con el gobierno de Manley y de Seaga. Sostiene que las fuerzas de seguridad se han convertido en factor importante para la definición de la situación política. Cuadros estadísticos evidencian el papel de la variable externa.</p>
Reseña del libro: Desorden y progreso, bandidos, policías y desarrollo mexicano, Siglo XXI, Vanderwood, Paul J.
Authors: Suárez de la Torre Laura B. 
Published: January 2016

<p>El autor analiza a partir de extenso material bibliográfico y de archivos la incidencia de los policías y ladrones, en el devenir de la historia mexicana del siglo XIX. Estudio de tipos sociales que permiten vislumbrar aspectos económicos, políticos y la problematica determinante del desorden social.</p>
Primeros meses de 1854, según Manuel Díez de Bonilla
Authors: Muriá José María 
Published: January 2016

<p>Versión oficial que el gobierno de Santa Anna da al exterior de acontecimientos de la vida política del país, a través de su Secreta­rio de Relaciones Exteriores, Diez de Bonilla. Transcripción de 3 crónicas mensuales y breve estudio introductorio del autor.</p>
Internacional Socialista. Contradicciones e incoherencias de su presencia en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Selser Gregorio 
Published: January 2016

Análisis de las orientaciones que esta organización dio a sus miembros en su XVII Con­greso celebrado en Lima, en junio de 1986, y de las posiciones de la socialdemocracia en torno a America Central. Valora el docu­mento final como una concesión tributaria a los sectores más conservadores de la organización
Crítica y contracrítica en torno a la historiografía soviética iberoamericanista
Authors: Ortega y Medina Juan A. 
Published: January 2016

<p>Réplica del autor a una reseña critica, que el historiador soviético Mashbits hizo a su obra <em>Historiografía </em><em>soviética iberoamericanista </em>(1945­19ó0). Transcribe el texto crítico de Mashbits, traducido de la revista <em>Problemas de Historia. </em>Critica y replica se centran en el método histórico de los latinoamericanistas Alperovich, Rudenko, Lavrov y Lavretskii</p>
Reseña del libro: México y Estados Unidos: orígenes de una relación. 1819-1861, Moyano Pahissa, Ángela
Authors: Suárez Argüello Ana Rosa 
Published: January 2016

<p>Aporte al conocimiento de las relaciones y rescate temático de aspectos de la historia mexicana. La explicación histórica es crítica y científica, a la vez que respetuosa y analítica de la individualidad social del México mestizo y del modo de ser y pensar norteamericano, conformado sobre la base de culturas europeas de origen inglés y protestante.</p>
Fabricantes y trabajadores en el siglo XIX (1850: motín de Tareal)
Authors: Illades Carlos 
Published: January 2016

<p>Después de analizar las transformaciones en la base económica de la sociedad mexicana de la primera mitad del siglo XIX, estudia el <em>motín </em>de 1850 en la fábrica de rebozos Tareal de Guadalajara, valorado como "punta de lanza" en la prolongada transición hacia el capitalismo en México. El establecimiento era propiedad de franceses y ocupaba a 500 trabajadores.</p>
Cien textos sobre Estados Unidos en el siglo XX
Authors: Moyano Pahissa Ángela , Parra Alma , Suárez Argüello Ana Rosa 
Published: January 2016

<p>Los cien libros elegidos tienen en común SU validez histórica. De una u otra manera proporcionan una idea de lo que han sido y son los norteamericanos en el siglo XX incluye obras de historiadores, politólogos, políticos, economistas, sociólogos, periodistas y psicólogos. Registra los libros encontrados en bibliotecas de la ciudad de México, la biblioteca en que se localiza y un breve comentario sobre su contenido.</p>
De la multinacionalización a la expropiación de la empresa alemana I. G. Farben y la creación
Authors: Schuler Friedrich E. 
Published: January 2016

<p>Dentro del contexto de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, la política nacionalista y de desarrollo tecnológico o industrial del gobierno mexicano se vio reforzada con la expropiación de la empresa química alemana I. G. Farben. La naturaleza de dicha expropiación obedeció a la coyuntura del enfrentamiento norteamericano-alemán, mas no a un objetivo predeterminado del gobierno de Ávila Camacho.</p>
Reseña del libro: La sociedad de la azucar en Puerto Rico: 1870-1910, Ramos Mattei, Andrés A.
Authors: Pensado Leglise Patricia 
Published: January 2016

<p>Analiza distintos aspectos de la transición del sistema productor de hacienda azucarera, con relaciones sociales pre capitalistas, al de "central" con predominio de formas asalariadas en las distintas zonas productoras de Puerto Rico. Destaca el papel de la hacienda en la economía dependiente del país.</p>
Reseña del libro: Historia de Centroamérica, Pastor, Rodolfo
Authors: Rodríguez de Ita Guadalupe 
Published: January 2016

<p>Partiendo de la idea de la anhelada unión centroamericana, que exponía a Panamá, el historiador hondureño analiza la historia política de la zona y su fragmentación regional, desde la época precolombina hasta nuestros días. Obra dirigida a fundamentar el proyecto político de integración de las cinco naciones en una confederación respetuosa de las autonomías y autodeterminaciones locales que, según el autor, ayudará a solucionar la crisis actual.</p>
Reseña del libro: The Mexican Revolution, Knigth, Alan
Authors: Rodríguez Kuri Ariel 
Published: January 2016

<p>Recupera la interpretación de la revolución mexicana como una lucha popular y retoma la perspectiva de conjunto del proceso en tres grupos sociopolíticos; la oposición civil de tendencia modernizante por la clase media, sustento del rey ismo y maderismo; un levantamiento campesino formalizado en los promotores de la revolución agraria zapatista; y otro originado en la economía de frontera</p>
Cuestión social, prácticas culturales y modelo asistencial en la modernidad liberal. Córdoba, Argentina, 1900-1930
Authors: Moreyra Beatriz I. , Moretti Nicolás Domingo 
Published: January 2016

<p>Esta contribución tiene por objetivo estudiar las prácticas y representaciones culturales articuladas por las elites asistenciales como estrategias tendentes a lograr un consenso activo acerca del modelo benéfico asistencial y como mecanismos de legitimación y reproducción de las relaciones de poder imperantes en Córdoba en la modernidad liberal. Este consenso es entendido como el ordenamiento de las distintas configuraciones mentales para la percepción de la protección social como una cultura asistencial que consideraba que la atención de la pobreza y de los marginales era competencia de la filantropía y la beneficencia con la ayuda subsidiaria del Estado. <strong></strong></p> <p> </p>
REMARKS ON THE FORMULA FOR THE MOMENTS OF THE PÓLYA PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
Authors: Gerstenkorn Tadeusz 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT The probability distribution of a random variable can be characterized by some numbers called parameters of the distribution. The moments belong to the most frequently used parameters. We focus on the Pólya distribution because it is easy to obtain from it as special cases some very important in the statistics distributions, as binomial, negative binomial and Poisson (the last one in the limit procedure). In 1972 G. Mühlbach gave very interesting formulae for the moments of the Pólya distribution. The author did not investigate the evaluation of the numerical efficacy of the formula for the moments. We will show that it is possible to demonstrate this formula in a simpler form, which has a practical significance and importance.
Switch preference analysis by the drift vector method
Authors: Zaborski Artur 
Published: January 2016

The matrix of switch preference data (e.g. one’s preference for brand j, given that one has already defined his/her first choice for brand i) is not symmetric. The averaging of appropriate off-diagonal proximity entries for such data leads to the loss of information, hence the necessity to use appropriate methods for asymmetric data. Among the chosen methods of asymmetric multidimensional scaling, particular attention was paid to the drift vectors method. This method enables to present simultaneously on the perceptual map both the configuration of points representing the analyzed objects and the vectors indicating the direction and the strength of changes in the respondents preferences.
MAQÂSHID SYARÎ’AH DALAM FATWA DEWAN HISBAH PERSIS
Authors: Huda Alamul 
Published: January 2016

This article discuss about Hisbah Council (Dewan Hisbah) as an institution of The Organisation of Islamic Unity (PERSIS) which has the authority to product fatwa. This research is aimed to elaborate the concept of maqâshid syarî’ah used by Hisbah Council in issuing fatwa. To issue fatwa, they use the methodology (manhaj) and system (thurûq) that has the character and ideology to implements the concept of back to the al Qur’an and al Sunnah. It means that the fuqaha who engaged in Hisbah Council makes and put of school (madhab) position "only" as a comparison of legal opinion in all istinbâth process. By his approach they hope the development of Islamic law (fiqh/ fatwa) can answer any muslim problems of any where and every time (sholihun likulli makan wa zaman).
Bilateral Hemiarthroplasty in a Patient with Below-Knee and Above-Knee Amputations
Authors: Arango Dillon , Tiedeken Nathan C. , Gershkovich Grigory , Shaffer Gene 
Published: January 2016

Case:
This case involved a sixty-two-year-old male patient with bilateral femoral neck fractures that occurred six months apart in the setting of bilateral lower-extremity amputation. Hemiarthroplasty was performed at each presentation, with the use of a standard femoral stem on the right side and a short stem on the left. At the time of follow-up, the patient had returned to his preoperative ambulatory status.

Conclusion:
This case report illustrates successful bilateral hemiarthroplasty in a patient who had previously undergone bilateral lower-extremity amputation, with use of an implant with a short stem for the limb with above-knee amputation.
Strategies of the treatment of spontaneous esophageal rupture: Report of thirteen cases from Xingtai, Hebei Province, China
Authors: Yonghui Di 
Published: January 2016

Aims and Objectives: To explore the treatment of spontaneous esophageal rupture.Materials and Methods: The treatments of thirteen patients hospitalized with spontaneousesophageal rupture were analyzed retrospectively. Initially three cases of hospitalized patients were given operative treatments. During the surgery, food residue and necrotic tissue were removed, and repair of esophageal rupture and jejunostomy were implemented. One closed chest drainage tube was placed at the end of the surgery. All the patients were given nutritional support through vein and nutrient canal placed into the jejunum. The remaining ten cases were given conservative treatments. Early treatments included closed chest drainage, and irrigation with normal saline by the patients’ swallowing. At the same time were given intravenous nutrition. When the patients’ conditions were improved, three cases were given nutrition through nasogastric tube at the same time. The remaining seven cases were given jejunostomy and were given nutritional support through vein and nutrient canal placed into the jejunum.Results: In the fi rst 3 patients, who were given emergency operative treatments, two cases died, only single case (33%) recovered. In the other ten cases, one case gave up treatment and discharged from hospital (died of infection with multiple organ failure after discharge). One case had encapsulated pyothorax with atelectasis after chest drainage, and the healing of esophagus rupture were infl uenced, so at the 25th day after esophageal rupture, pyothorax removal and repair of esophageal rupture were implemented, and the patient was recovered well after surgery. The rest eight cases were recovered well after closed chest drainage treatment (80%) without surgery.Conclusion: For the treatment of spontaneous esophageal rupture, we think that it should be given priority to conservative treatment. With adequate drainage and irrigation, and keeping balance of nutritional condition and water-electrolyte, a good therapeutic effect can usually be achieved.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol. 7(3) 2016 89-93
Pharmacokinetics of Intraperitoneal Cefalothin and Cefazolin in Patients Being Treated for Peritoneal Dialysis-Associated Peritonitis
Authors: Roberts Darren M. , Ranganathan Dwarakanathan , Wallis Steven C. , Varghese Julie M. , Kark Adrian , Lipman Jeffrey , Roberts Jason A. 
Published: January 2016

Background The standard treatment of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis (PD-peritonitis) is intraperitoneal (IP) administration of antibiotics. Only limited data on the pharmacokinetics and appropriateness of contemporary dose recommendations of IP cefalothin and cefazolin exist. The aim of this study was to describe the pharmacokinetics of IP cefalothin and cefazolin in patients treated for PD-peritonitis. Methods As per international guidelines, IP cefalothin or cefazolin 15 mg/kg once daily was dosed with gentamicin in a 6-hour dwell to patients with PD-peritonitis during routine care. Serial plasma and PD effluent samples were collected over the first 24 hours of therapy. Antibiotic concentrations were quantified using a validated chromatographic method with pharmacokinetic analysis performed using a non-compartmental approach. Results Nineteen patients were included (cefalothin n = 8, cefazolin n = 11). The median bioavailability for both antibiotics exceeded 92%, but other pharmacokinetic parameters varied markedly between antibiotics. Both antibiotics achieved high PD effluent concentrations throughout the antibiotic dwell. Cefazolin had a smaller volume of distribution compared with cefalothin (14 vs 40 L, p = 0.003). The median trough total plasma antibiotic concentration for cefazolin and cefalothin during the dwell differed (plasma 56 vs 13 mg/L, p < 0.0001) despite a similar concentration in PD effluent (37 vs 38 mg/L, p = 0.58). Lower antibiotic concentrations were noted during PD dwells not containing antibiotic, particularly cefalothin, which was frequently undetectable in plasma and PD effluent. The median duration that the unbound antibiotic concentration was above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was approximately 13% (plasma) and 25% (IP) for cefalothin, and 100% (plasma and IP) for cefazolin, of the dosing interval. Conclusions When IP cefalothin or cefazolin is allowed to dwell for 6 hours, sufficient PD effluent concentrations are present for common pathogens during this time. However, with once-daily IP dosing, in contrast to cefazolin, there is a risk of subtherapeutic plasma and PD effluent cefalothin concentrations, so more frequent dosing may be required.
Center-Specific Factors Associated with Peritonitis Risk—A Multi-Center Registry Analysis
Authors: Nadeau-Fredette Annie-Claire , Johnson David W. , Hawley Carmel M. , Pascoe Elaine M. , Cho Yeoungjee , Clayton Philip A. , Borlace Monique , Badve Sunil V. , Sud Kamal , Boudville Neil , McDonald Stephen P. 
Published: January 2016

Background Previous studies have reported significant variation in peritonitis rates across dialysis centers. Limited evidence is available to explain this variability. The aim of this study was to assess center-level predictors of peritonitis and their relationship with peritonitis rate variations. Methods All incident peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients treated in Australia between October 2003 and December 2013 were included. Data were accessed through the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry. The primary outcome was peritonitis rate, evaluated in a mixed effects negative binomial regression model. Peritonitis-free survival was assessed as a secondary outcome in a Cox proportional hazards model. Results Overall, 8,711 incident PD patients from 51 dialysis centers were included in the study. Center-level predictors of lower peritonitis rates included smaller center size, high proportion of PD, low peritoneal equilibration test use at PD start, and low proportion of hospitalization for peritonitis. In contrast, a low proportion of automated PD exposure, high icodextrin exposure and low or high use of antifungal prophylaxis at the time of peritonitis were associated with a higher peritonitis rate. Similar results were obtained for peritonitis-free survival. Overall, accounting for center-level characteristics appreciably decreased peritonitis variability among dialysis centers ( p = 0.02). Conclusion This study identified specific center-level characteristics associated with the variation in peritonitis risk. Whether these factors are directly related to peritonitis risk or surrogate markers for other center characteristics is uncertain and should be validated in further studies.
H I AND CO VELOCITY DISPERSIONS IN NEARBY GALAXIES
Authors: Mogotsi K. M. , Blok W. J. G. de , Caldú-Primo A. , Walter F. , Ianjamasimanana R. , Leroy A. K. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
We analyze the velocity dispersions of individual H i and CO profiles in a number of nearby galaxies from the high-resolution HERACLES CO and THINGS H i surveys. Focusing on regions with bright CO emission, we find a CO dispersion value

= 7.3 ± 1.7 km s−1. The corresponding H i dispersion

= 11.7 ± 2.3 km s−1, yielding a mean dispersion ratio

= 1.4 ± 0.2, independent of radius. We find that the CO velocity dispersion increases toward lower peak fluxes. This is consistent with previous work where we showed that when using spectra averaged (“stacked”) over large areas, larger values for the CO dispersion are found, and a lower ratio

= 1.0 ± 0.2. The stacking method is more sensitive to low-level diffuse emission, whereas individual profiles trace narrow-line, GMC-dominated, bright emission. These results provide further evidence that disk galaxies contain not only a thin, low velocity dispersion, high density CO disk that is dominated by GMCs, but also a fainter, higher dispersion, diffuse disk component.
Une approche socio-historique pour l’étude spatiale des sciences
Authors: Grossetti Michel , Milard Béatrice , Maisonobe Marion 
Published: January 2016

À rebours de l’idée d’une activité scientifique détachée du sol, du milieu dans lequel elle se déploie, l’approche socio-historique des sciences examine la configuration spatiale des activités scientifiques à différentes échelles géographiques : villes, régions, pays et monde. Le développement de cette ligne de recherche accompagne l’émergence de la géographie des sciences, un domaine qui n’est pas encore vraiment établi en tant que spécialité, comme peuvent l’être la sociologie ou l’histoire des sciences, mais qui acquiert une certaine consistance depuis quelques années. Dans ce nouveau paysage, plusieurs orientations se dessinent dont nous donnons un aperçu d’ensemble avant de revenir sur le développement de l’approche socio-historique que nous portons. Cette dernière se fonde sur des données issues d’analyses bibliométriques et d’enquêtes empiriques.
Histoire de la Société d’histoire et d’épistémologie des sciences du langage (SHESL)
Authors: Léon Jacqueline , Colombat Bernard , Lazcano Élisabeth 
Published: January 2016

Créée en 1978, la Société d’histoire et d’épistémologie des sciences du langage (SHESL) est la première société savante du domaine et a joué un rôle central dans son institutionnalisation par la création d’une revue, l’organisation de colloques, notamment d’un colloque international régulier en association avec les autres sociétés savantes. Elle a été à l’origine de la création d’une unité de recherche CNRS (implantée à l’université Paris 7). Elle a contribué à donner une orientation résolument épistémologique à l’histoire des sciences du langage. L’article retrace les conditions de son émergence et les étapes de son développement.