bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suppression of Aluminum Current Collector Dissolution by Protective Ceramic Coatings for Better High‐Voltage Battery Performance
Authors: Heckmann Andreas , Krott Manuel , Streipert Benjamin , Uhlenbruck Sven , Winter Martin , Placke Tobias 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBatteries based on cathode materials that operate at high cathode potentials, such as LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO), in lithium‐ion batteries or graphitic carbons in dual‐ion batteries suffer from anodic dissolution of the aluminum (Al) current collector in organic solvent‐based electrolytes based on imide salts, such as lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI). In this work, we developed a protective surface modification for the Al current collector by applying ceramic coatings of chromium nitride (CrxN) and studied the anodic Al dissolution behavior. By magnetron sputter deposition, two different coating types, which differ in their composition according to the CrN and Cr2N phases, were prepared and characterized by X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and their electronic conductivity. Furthermore, the anodic dissolution behavior was studied by cyclic voltammetry and chronocoulometry measurements in two different electrolyte mixtures, that is, LiTFSI in ethyl methyl sulfone and LiTFSI in ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate 1:1 (by weight). These measurements showed a remarkably reduced current density or cumulative charge during the charge process, indicating an improved anodic stability of the protected Al current collector. The coating surfaces after electrochemical treatment were characterized by means of SEM and XPS, and the presence or lack of pit formation, as well as electrolyte degradation products could be well correlated to the electrochemical results.
Zika Virus: Quantification, Propagation, Detection, and Storage
Authors: Agbulos Darrell S. , Barelli Larissa , Giordano Bryan V. , Hunter Fiona F. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractZika virus (ZIKV), belonging to the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, is an arthropod‐borne virus that was first discovered from the Zika forest in Uganda in 1947. Recent outbreaks in South America have linked ZIKV to cases of microcephaly and Guillain‐Barré syndrome in humans. With the increased interest in ZIKV, protocols must be established to facilitate proper research. Here we describe the laboratory techniques required to quantify, propagate, and store ZIVK. We also review the proper safety protocol for the handling of ZIKV, which is classified as a Biosafety Level 2 pathogen by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Synthesis of TiC Nanoparticles Anchored on Hollow Carbon Nanospheres for Enhanced Polysulfide Adsorption in Li–S Batteries
Authors: Cao Bokai , Chen Yong , Li De , Yin Lihong , Mo Yan 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA novel spatial confinement strategy based on a carbon/TiO2/carbon sandwich structure is proposed to synthesize TiC nanoparticles anchored on hollow carbon nanospheres (TiC@C) through a carbothermal reduction reaction. During the synthesis process, two carbon layers not only serve as reductant to convert TiO2 into TiC nanoparticles, but also create a spatial confinement to suppress the aggregation of TiO2, resulting in the formation of well‐dispersed TiC nanoparticles. This unique TiC@C structure shows an outstanding long‐term cycling stability at high rates owing to the strong physical and chemical adsorption of lithium polysulfides (i.e., a high capacity of 732.6 mA h g−1 at 1600 mA g−1) and it retains a capacity of 443.2 mA h g−1 after 1000 cycles, corresponding to a decay rate of only 0.0395 % per cycle. Therefore, this unique TiC@C composite could be considered as an important candidate for the cathode material in Li–S batteries.
Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Vesicles with Dual Iron‐Based Sites for Efficient Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Li Qianru , Wan Gang , Zhao Han , Pan Linyu , Wang Ning , Zhao Wanpeng , Zhou Xiaoxia , Cui Xiangzhi , Chen Hangrong 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA nitrogen‐doped vesicle‐like porous carbon with well‐integrated dual iron‐based catalytic sites was developed through direct pyrolysis of inexpensive and abundant precursors. Benefiting from the mesoporous structures with synchronous construction of Fe–Nx and Fe/Fe3C@NC sites, the optimized catalyst exhibited outstanding performance for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline media, even superior to the commercial Pt/C catalyst. Detailed characterizations revealed that Fe/Fe3C@NC sites can make major catalytic contributions in basic media, whereas the Fe–Nx sites were found to play an indispensable role for ORR in acidic media.
Efficient Hydrogen Storage and Production Using a Catalyst with an Imidazoline‐Based, Proton‐Responsive Ligand
Authors: Wang Lin , Onishi Naoya , Murata Kazuhisa , Hirose Takuji , Muckerman James T. , Fujita Etsuko , Himeda Yuichiro 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA series of new imidazoline‐based iridium complexes has been developed for hydrogenation of CO2 and dehydrogenation of formic acid. One of the proton‐responsive complexes bearing two −OH groups at ortho and para positions on a coordinating pyridine ring (3 b) can catalyze efficiently the chemical fixation of CO2 and release H2 under mild conditions in aqueous media without using organic additives/solvents. Notably, hydrogenation of CO2 can be efficiently carried out under CO2 and H2 at atmospheric pressure in basic water by 3 b, achieving a turnover frequency of 106 h−1 and a turnover number of 7280 at 25 °C, which are higher than ever reported. Moreover, highly efficient CO‐free hydrogen production from formic acid in aqueous solution employing the same catalyst under mild conditions has been achieved, thus providing a promising potential H2‐storage system in water.
Area‐oriented comparison of lightweight block ciphers implemented in hardware for the activation mechanism in the anti‐counterfeiting schemes
Authors: Marchand Cédric , Bossuet Lilian , Gaj Kris 
Published: November 2016

SummaryOver the past 10 years, the multitude of highly constrained applications such as radio‐frequency identification and sensor networks has led to a new trend in the development of cryptographic primitives. Many algorithms categorized as lightweight cryptographic algorithms have been developed specifically for these new applications. Comparing them is very important but also very challenging because every application has its own constraints. This fact leads to a different choice of design strategies, and the best algorithm for one application is not necessarily the best for all applications. Moreover, the definition of what is lightweight is not always the same because lightweight covers a reduction in power and energy consumption just as well as a reduction in area for hardware. This article proposes and compares lightweight hardware implementations of four recent block ciphers (Klein, Led, Lilliput, and Ktantan). This work is included in a large project that aims to protect the hardware against cloning and counterfeiting. The main constraint in this field is the area required by the protection scheme. As a result, we chose to target only the smallest possible area for each selected algorithm. Consequently, two strategies are presented: full width and serial hardware implementations. All results were generated and verified for Xilinx Spartan‐6 and Spartan‐3 field‐programmable gate arrays and also for application‐specific integrated circuit. Additionally, all the design files are available online. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Balancing competition for resources with multiple pest regulation in diversified agroecosystems: a process‐based approach to reconcile diversification and productivity
Authors: Poeydebat Charlotte , Carval Dominique , de Lapeyre de Bellaire Luc , Tixier Philippe 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAgroecosystem plant diversification can enhance pest biological regulation and is a promising alternative to pesticide application. However, the costs of competition for resources between plants may exceed the benefits gained by pest regulation. To disentangle the interactions between pest regulation and competition, we developed a generic process‐based approach that accounts for the effects of an associated plant and leaf and root pests on biomass production. We considered three crop–plant associations that differ in competition profiles, and we simulated biomass production under wide ranges of both pest regulation rates and resources’ availability. We analyzed outputs to quantify the pest regulation service level that would be required to attain monoculture yield and other production goals. Results showed that pest regulation requirements were highly dependent on the profile of resource interception of the associated plant and on resources’ availability. Pest regulation and the magnitude of competition between plants interacted in determining the balance between nitrogen and radiation uptake by the crop. Our findings suggest that productivity of diversified agroecosystems relative to monoculture should be optimized by assembling plants whose characteristics balance crops’ resource acquisition. The theoretical insights from our study draw generic rules for vegetation assemblage to optimize trade‐offs between pest regulation and production. Our findings and approach may have implications in understanding, theorizing and implementing agroecosystem diversification. By its generic and adaptable structure, our approach should be useful for studying the effects of diversification in many agroecosystems.
Application of different thermal analysis techniques to characterize oxidized olive oils
Authors: Vecchio Ciprioti Stefano , Paciulli Maria , Chiavaro Emma 
Published: November 2016

The deep changes caused by oxidation on virgin olive oil (VOO), which is a high‐quality product, not subjected to ameliorative refining, make this phenomenon one of the most studied. Among the techniques used to study oxidation in olive oil, thermal analysis (TA) provides useful information about the thermal behavior of the samples as affected by oxidation. Thermogravimetry (TG), measuring the changes in the sample mass, can monitor the kinetics of oil mass loss in decomposition processes or oxidation and has been found particularly useful, especially when operating simultaneously with Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) or Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The DSC thermal curves of olive oil, both on cooling and heating, has been found to be largely influenced by the oxidative status of the samples and different statistical approaches have been successfully proposed to correlate the thermal parameters with the conventional chemical indicators of oxidation. DSC can be also used to study the kinetics of phase transition phenomena as affected by oxidation. This review provides an exhaustive survey about the application of the thermoanalytical techniques on this topic proposing them as as a fast and green alternative to conventional chemical methods.Practical applications:The evaluation of the oxidative status of olive oil requires the development of simple and fast analytical techniques. The most used analytical methods are based on the chemical evaluation of the presence of molecules markers of lipid oxidation, but thermal analysis may provide a fast and green tool in this field, as it does not require sample preparation and use of solvents. The application of thermal analysis for the assessment of the oxidative degradation of olive oil has today reached numerous evidences that attest its actual applicability, and they are all summarized in this review. By these studies it is possible to put in evidence its ability to give qualitative information about the oxidative status of olive oil, both in terms of fatty substance degradation and presence of oxidation molecules that could be very helpful in the field of quality assurance for this high‐quality vegetable oil.Thermal analysis as a valuable tool to evaluate olive oil oxidation without sample preparation or use of solvents.
AgNP/Bi/Nafion‐modified Disposable Electrodes for Sensitive Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II) Detection in Aerosol Samples
Authors: Mettakoonpitak Jaruwan , Mehaffy John , Volckens John , Henry Charles S. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA new method for modifying electrodes with Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) using electrospray deposition for sensitive, selective detection of Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II) in aerosol samples when combined with Bismuth and Nafion coating and square‐wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) is reported. Carbon stencil‐printed electrodes (CSPEs) fabricated on a polyethylene transparency (PET) sheet were produced for an inexpensive, simple to fabricate, disposable sensor that can be used with the microliter sample volumes for analysis. Sensor performance was improved by modifying the electrode surface with electrospray‐deposited AgNPs. The use of electrospray deposition resulted in more uniform particle dispersion across the electrode surface when compared to drop‐casting. Using AgNP‐modified electrodes combined with Bi and Nafion, experimental detection limits (LODs) of 5.0, 0.5, and 0.1 μg L−1 for Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II), respectively, were achieved. The linear working ranges were 5.0–400.0 μg L−1, 0.5–400.0 μg L−1, and 0.1–500.0 μg L−1 for Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II), respectively. Interference studies showed Cu(II) was the only metal that interfered with this assay but inference could be eliminated with the addition of ferricyanide directly to the sample solution. This electrochemical sensor was applied for the simultaneous determination of Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II) within source particulate matter (PM) samples collected on filters using an aerosol test chamber.
Does the host tree exert any influence on the aromatic composition of the black truffle (Tuber melanosporum)?
Authors: Culleré Laura , Ferreira Vicente , Marco Pedro , Venturini María E. , Blanco Domingo 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis work examines whether the host tree influences the aroma of Tuber melanosporum truffles. Samples were gathered in the same place (Teruel, Spain) and on the same day from four host trees: hazel, Portuguese oak, kermes oak and holm oak. The truffles were subjected to sensory and chemical analysis. The sensory analysis comprised two stages. The first was based on a sorting task while the second consisted of a descriptive analysis of the samples selected from the first test. The chemical analysis examined the volatile compounds having the greatest influence on the aroma of Tuber melanosporum by means of headspace‐solid phase microextraction followed by analysis by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS‐SPME‐GC‐MS). The sensory tests demonstrated that truffles gathered from the Portuguese oak had a more intense aroma than the rest of the samples, and significantly more than the holm oak truffles. The same pattern occurred for the animal descriptor which was considerably more intense in Portuguese oak truffles and significantly higher than that of holm oak truffles. Chemically, these differences can be explained by the levels of isoamyl alcohol and 3‐ethyl‐5‐methylphenol which were significantly greater in the Portuguese oak than the holm oak samples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The concept of generalized stresses for computational manufacturing and beyond
Authors: Mahnken Rolf , Cheng Chun , Düsing Martin , Ehlenbröker Ulrich , Leismann Thorben 
Published: November 2016

AbstractComputational manufacturing aims at predicting the physical state of a part, structure or respectively its components resulting from a production process. Applicants of computational manufacturing expect reliable and predictive simulation results for various physical effects. Therefore, extended continuum models become increasingly important in modern field theories of materials. To this end, Gurtin and Forest propose the concept of generalized stresses, which shows a strong link between extended continuum mechanics in macroscopic modelling and phase field models in mesoscopic modelling. In this exposition, the concept of generalized stresses is exploited to three different scenarios of computational manufacturing: 1. Micromorphic elasticity considering rotational as well as deformable microstructural effects motivated for a cold box sand in a casting process. 2. Visco‐plasticity coupled to gradient phase transformation at large strains with applications to a cutting process and a hybrid forming process, each showing phase transformations and TRIP‐effects. 3. Multiphase field modelling coupled to Cahn‐Hilliard diffusion to simulate the complex lower bainite transformation in steel as a mesoscopic application of computational manufacturing. Each prototype model is illustrated by a representative finite‐element simulation. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Hydrogeochemical characteristics of deep saline aquifers in sedimentary basins in China and implications for CO2 geological storage with emphasis on total dissolved solids (TDS) and water type
Authors: Li Yiman , Pang Zhonghe 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe hydrogeochemistry of deep saline aquifers in sedimentary basins, in particular total dissolved solids, is one of the key criteria for CO2 storage because CO2 solubility is greatly affected by it. A detailed investigation of total dissolved solids (TDS) and water type of formation water is presented in the paper to assess the suitability of sedimentary basins in China for CO2 sequestration. Deep saline aquifers are divided into three categories based on TDS and water type: fresh‐slightly saline water with TDS less than 10 g/L, semi saline–saline water with TDS ranging from 10 g/L to 50 g/L, and salty water with TDS higher than 50 g/L. The fresh, slightly saline water is dominated by water type of Cl·HCO3‐Na in sedimentary basins in East China. Semi saline‐saline and salty waters are of Cl‐Na type existing in the southeast and mid‐west. TDS limits are suggested for different regions of China to optimize the use of formation water. Solubility of CO2 in formation water with TDS of 1g/L∼260g/L is calculated. Results show it exhibits exponential correlation to water TDS and two sharp inflections are observed at 10 g/L and 50 g/L. For fresh‐slightly saline aquifer, TDS limit is defined as 3 g/L in East China while in West China, 5 g/L is suggested. For formation water with TDS of 10 g/L∼150 g/L, 10 g/L is proposed for the main sedimentary basins in China. For deep saline aquifers with TDS higher than 150 g/L, CO2 storage is not suggested to avoid conflicts with salts mineral resources exploration. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ecotoxicological hazard and risk assessment of endocrine active substances
Authors: Leopold Annegaaike , Roberts Mike , Matthiessen Peter 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

This collection of papers provides state-of-the-art science on a complex topic that has been challenging for scientists and regulators for a long time. The papers emanated from the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) Pellston Workshop® Environmental Hazard and Risk Assessment Approaches for Endocrine-Active Substances (EHRA). Forty-eight international experts met in early February 2016 to discuss whether the environmental risks posed by endocrine-disrupting substances (EDS) can be reliably assessed. The primary conclusion of the workshop was that if data on environmental exposure, effects on sensitive species and life-stages, delayed effects, and effects at low concentrations are robust, initiating environmental risk assessment of EDS is scientifically sound and reliable. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2017;13:264–266. © 2016 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC)

Key Points
A SETAC Pellston Workshop “Environmental Hazard and Risk Assessment Approaches for Endocrine-Active Substances (EHRA)” was held in February 2016 to discuss whether the environmental risks posed by endocrine-disrupting substances (EDS) can be reliably assessed. The workshop and resulting papers address a clear need for objective advice, based on the current level of scientific understanding, to allow regulators and policy makers to make comprehensive, science-based decisions on the risk and hazard assessment of endocrine-disrupting substances.
Lactation-Induced Changes in the Volume of Osteocyte Lacunar-Canalicular Space Alter Mechanical Properties in Cortical Bone Tissue
Authors: Kaya Serra , Basta-Pljakic Jelena , Seref-Ferlengez Zeynep , Majeska Robert J , Cardoso Luis , Bromage Timothy G , Zhang Qihong , Flach Carol R , Mendelsohn Richard , Yakar Shoshana , Fritton Susannah P , Schaffler Mitchell B 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Osteocytes can remove and remodel small amounts of their surrounding bone matrix through osteocytic osteolysis, which results in increased volume occupied by lacunar and canalicular space (LCS). It is well established that cortical bone stiffness and strength are strongly and inversely correlated with vascular porosity, but whether changes in LCS volume caused by osteocytic osteolysis are large enough to affect bone mechanical properties is not known. In the current studies we tested the hypotheses that (1) lactation and postlactation recovery in mice alter the elastic modulus of bone tissue, and (2) such local changes in mechanical properties are related predominantly to alterations in lacunar and canalicular volume rather than bone matrix composition. Mechanical testing was performed using microindentation to measure modulus in regions containing solely osteocytes and no vascular porosity. Lactation caused a significant (∼13%) reduction in bone tissue-level elastic modulus (p &lt; 0.001). After 1 week postweaning (recovery), bone modulus levels returned to control levels and did not change further after 4 weeks of recovery. LCS porosity tracked inversely with changes in cortical bone modulus. Lacunar and canalicular void space increased 7% and 15% with lactation, respectively (p &lt; 0.05), then returned to control levels at 1 week after weaning. Neither bone mineralization (assessed by high-resolution backscattered scanning electron microscopy) nor mineral/matrix ratio or crystallinity (assessed by Raman microspectroscopy) changed with lactation. Thus, changes in bone mechanical properties induced by lactation and recovery appear to depend predominantly on changes in osteocyte LCS dimensions. Moreover, this study demonstrates that tissue-level cortical bone mechanical properties are rapidly and reversibly modulated by osteocytes in response to physiological challenge. These data point to a hitherto unappreciated role for osteocytes in modulating and maintaining local bone mechanical properties. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.