bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Training of Attentional Filtering, but Not of Memory Storage, Enhances Working Memory Efficiency by Strengthening the Neuronal Gatekeeper Network
Authors: Schmicker Marlen , Schwefel Melanie , Vellage Anne-Katrin , Müller Notger G. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Memory training (MT) in older adults with memory deficits often leads to frustration and, therefore, is usually not recommended. Here, we pursued an alternative approach and looked for transfer effects of 1-week attentional filter training (FT) on working memory performance and its neuronal correlates in young healthy humans. The FT effects were compared with pure MT, which lacked the necessity to filter out irrelevant information. Before and after training, all participants performed an fMRI experiment that included a combined task in which stimuli had to be both filtered based on color and stored in memory. We found that training induced processing changes by biasing either filtering or storage. FT induced larger transfer effects on the untrained cognitive function than MT. FT increased neuronal activity in frontal parts of the neuronal gatekeeper network, which is proposed to hinder irrelevant information from being unnecessarily stored in memory. MT decreased neuronal activity in the BG part of the gatekeeper network but enhanced activity in the parietal storage node. We take these findings as evidence that FT renders working memory more efficient by strengthening the BG–prefrontal gatekeeper network. MT, on the other hand, simply stimulates storage of any kind of information. These findings illustrate a tight connection between working memory and attention, and they may open up new avenues for ameliorating memory deficits in patients with cognitive impairments.
On Known Unknowns: Fluency and the Neural Mechanisms of Illusory Truth
Authors: Wang Wei-Chun , Brashier Nadia M. , Wing Erik A. , Marsh Elizabeth J. , Cabeza Roberto 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The “illusory truth” effect refers to the phenomenon whereby repetition of a statement increases its likelihood of being judged true. This phenomenon has important implications for how we come to believe oft-repeated information that may be misleading or unknown. Behavioral evidence indicates that fluency, the subjective ease experienced while processing information, underlies this effect. This suggests that illusory truth should be mediated by brain regions previously linked to fluency, such as the perirhinal cortex (PRC). To investigate this possibility, we scanned participants with fMRI while they rated the truth of unknown statements, half of which were presented earlier (i.e., repeated). The only brain region that showed an interaction between repetition and ratings of perceived truth was PRC, where activity increased with truth ratings for repeated, but not for new, statements. This finding supports the hypothesis that illusory truth is mediated by a fluency mechanism and further strengthens the link between PRC and fluency.
Disentangling Representations of Object Shape and Object Category in Human Visual Cortex: The Animate–Inanimate Distinction
Authors: Proklova Daria , Kaiser Daniel , Peelen Marius V. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Objects belonging to different categories evoke reliably different fMRI activity patterns in human occipitotemporal cortex, with the most prominent distinction being that between animate and inanimate objects. An unresolved question is whether these categorical distinctions reflect category-associated visual properties of objects or whether they genuinely reflect object category. Here, we addressed this question by measuring fMRI responses to animate and inanimate objects that were closely matched for shape and low-level visual features. Univariate contrasts revealed animate- and inanimate-preferring regions in ventral and lateral temporal cortex even for individually matched object pairs (e.g., snake–rope). Using representational similarity analysis, we mapped out brain regions in which the pairwise dissimilarity of multivoxel activity patterns (neural dissimilarity) was predicted by the objects' pairwise visual dissimilarity and/or their categorical dissimilarity. Visual dissimilarity was measured as the time it took participants to find a unique target among identical distractors in three visual search experiments, where we separately quantified overall dissimilarity, outline dissimilarity, and texture dissimilarity. All three visual dissimilarity structures predicted neural dissimilarity in regions of visual cortex. Interestingly, these analyses revealed several clusters in which categorical dissimilarity predicted neural dissimilarity after regressing out visual dissimilarity. Together, these results suggest that the animate–inanimate organization of human visual cortex is not fully explained by differences in the characteristic shape or texture properties of animals and inanimate objects. Instead, representations of visual object properties and object category may coexist in more anterior parts of the visual system.
Influence of immunoglobulin isotype on therapeutic antibody function
Authors: Beers Stephen A. , Glennie Martin J. , White Ann L. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMonoclonal antibody (mAb) therapeutics are revolutionizing cancer treatment; however, not all tumors respond, and agent optimization is essential to improve outcome. It has become clear over recent years that isotype choice is vital to therapeutic success with agents that work through different mechanisms, direct tumor targeting, agonistic receptor engagement, or receptor-ligand blockade, having contrasting requirements. Here we summarize how isotype dictates mAb activity and discuss ways in which this information can be used for the development of enhanced therapeutics.
Innovative Management Specifics of the Crimea Resort Complex
Authors: Ермоленко  , Ermolenko G. , Панаско  , Panasko Daniil 
Published: January 2016

Innovative management of a health resort comprises the complex and rational
distribution of different types of resources, as well as boosting the investment
attractiveness of the Republic of Crimea, and expanding the range of services
of the sanatorium-and-spa resort complex. These innovations can provide
economic efficiency and result in positive social and environmental effects. The
economic efficiency refers to economic growth through the introduction
of scientific achievements that can accelerate the development of the resort
complex, ensure their economic security, and provide for high stable rates
of growth and rightful place among all the sectors of the national economy.
Studying the Cyclical Components of the Real Per Capita GDP Trend in Norway and Switzerland
Authors: Коржов  , Korzhov Vladimir 
Published: January 2016

The purpose of the paper is to date the long waves lowest points and thus
to identify the moments of technological modes changes and the emergence
of the next dominant technological modes in the economies of Norway and
Switzerland. Considered are the cyclical components of the real per capita GDP
trends for these countries. The results allow to put forward assumptions
concerning the Kondratieff waves periodization and to determine precise dates
of technological modes shifts, using the system of indicators. The study is based
on data on real per capita GDP for Norway and Switzerland, for certain periods,
measured in the 1990 Gehry-Hemis dollars.
The censor, the steam fitter and Anita Loos: Or, the silent film adaptation of Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1928)
Authors: Wilson Leslie Kreiner 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
While a plethora of research exists examining the 1953 musical starring Marilyn Monroe and Jane Russell as well as the bestselling novel from which it is adapted, Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1925), very little exists regarding the silent film adaptation produced by Paramount in 1927 and released in 1928. Presumably, this absence is due to the fact that the film is now considered lost. The script survives, however, and a close reading of the novel contrasted against the 1927 scenario exposes the social and censorship forces under which the American screenwriter Anita Loos labored as she altered the characterization of the protagonist, Lorelei, to make her more palatable for the tastes of 1920s film audiences, censors and studio executives alike.
State interference, para-politics and editorial control: The political economy of ‘Mirrorgate’ in Zimbabwe
Authors: Ureke Oswelled 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This article explores the events leading to the closure of the Zimbabwe Mirror Newspapers Group (ZMNG) in 2007. It narrates how the state in Zimbabwe, through its intelligence arm, the Central Intelligence Organisation (CIO), covertly took over the privately owned newspaper stable, publishers of the Daily Mirror and Sunday Mirror, leading to the organization’s demise. The article is informed by critical political economy theory, particularly the Propaganda Model and the concept of Social Control in the newsroom, linking Mirrorgate to the narrative of media control by the state in Zimbabwe. Interviews were conducted with key personnel – former Mirror staff members – to collect data. Archival newspaper reports were also analysed to trace the development of Mirrorgate and its consequences on the Mirror’s performance as a media entity. The article also benefits from experiential data accumulated through observation by the author as a former Mirror employee. The article shows that the Mirror takeover by the state had debilitating consequences on the organization’s performance, and can be attributed as the major reason behind the newspaper stable’s eventual collapse. The article also speculates on the possible reasons why the state could have taken over the newspaper company, particularly to manipulate public opinion during a time of political strife.
The dialectics of mobile communication in South African romantic relationships
Authors: Ngcongo Mthobeli 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Communication technology such as the mobile phone often presents a double-edged sword in romantic relationships. While the mobile phone can enhance the quality of communication, it can simultaneously become a source of conflict. The dialectic framework of Communication Privacy Management presents a nuanced lens from which to investigate the rules for the use of the mobile phone in the dyad of romantic relationships. This study sought to investigate mobile phone usage rules that are negotiated by South African adolescents and young adults in their romantic relationships and the factors that influence the negotiation. The study specifically focused on rules around mobile privacy management. Findings from survey data indicate that the negotiation of mobile phone usage rules is a crucial part of the health of young adult relationships. Variables of gender and length of relationship were important factors in the rule development process. Implications, limitations and future research are discussed.
Applications and Comparison of Continuous Wavelet Transforms on Analysis of A-wave Impulse Noise
Authors: Qin Jun , Sun Pengfei 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a serious occupational related health problem worldwide. The A-wave impulse noise could cause severe hearing loss, and characteristics of such kind of impulse noise in the joint time-frequency (T-F) domain are critical for evaluation of auditory hazard level. This study focuses on the analysis of A-wave impulse noise in the T-F domain using continual wavelet transforms. Three different wavelets, referring to Morlet, Mexican hat, and Meyer wavelets, were investigated and compared based on theoretical analysis and applications to experimental generated A-wave impulse noise signals. The underlying theory of continuous wavelet transform was given and the temporal and spectral resolutions were theoretically analyzed. The main results showed that the Mexican hat wavelet demonstrated significant advantages over the Morlet and Meyer wavelets for the characterization and analysis of the A-wave impulse noise. The results of this study provide useful information for applying wavelet transform on signal processing of the A-wave impulse noise.
Music Mood Visualization Using Self-Organizing Maps
Authors: Plewa Magdalena , Kostek Bożena 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Due to an increasing amount of music being made available in digital form in the Internet, an automatic organization of music is sought. The paper presents an approach to graphical representation of mood of songs based on Self-Organizing Maps. Parameters describing mood of music are proposed and calculated and then analyzed employing correlation with mood dimensions based on the Multidimensional Scaling. A map is created in which music excerpts with similar mood are organized next to each other on the two-dimensional display.
Thermal Self-Action of Acoustic Beams Containing Several Shock Fronts
Authors: Perelomova Anna 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThermal self-action of an acoustic beam with one discontinuity or several shock fronts is studied in a Newtonian fluid. The stationary self-action of a single sawtooth wave with discontinuity (or some integer number of these waves), symmetric or asymmetric, is considered in the cases of self-focusing and self- defocusing media. The results are compared with the non-stationary thermal self-action of the periodic sound. Thermal self-action of a single shock wave which propagates with the various speeds is considered.
Solving Nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equations in .NET Framework Environment with X-MPIR
Authors: Dzhambov Velichko 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This paper concerns high precision numerical computing of nonlinear ordinary differential equations in .NET Framework environment. It describes a part of the research undertaken for the purpose of creating a tool library for arbitrary precision calculations and may be concerned as a continuation of the beginning in this direction, previously described in [10], including special functions computing. Some possible applications are described on the basis of the extensions, added to the library. A brief description is given of the library part, connected with the extensions being added.
Nonmeasurable subgroups of compact groups
Authors: Hernández Salvador , Hofmann Karl H. , Morris Sidney A. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In 1985 S. Saeki and K. Stromberg published the following question:
Does every infinite compact group have
a subgroup which is not Haar measurable?
An affirmative answer is given for all compact groups with
the exception of some metric profinite groups which are almost perfect
and strongly complete. In this
spirit it is also shown that every compact group contains a
non-Borel subgroup.
Performances’ Estimation by Tests of Composite Material Structures With Respect to the Lay-Up Configuration and Mixing the Position of Tape and Fabric Laminae
Authors: Di Leo R. , De Fenza A. , Barile M. , Gambino B. , Russo S. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This paper presents an estimation of performances by tests on composite material structures. In order to evaluate the effects on the structural behavior, tests changing the percentage of orientation of the fiber at 0, 45 and 90 degrees and mixing the unidirectional plies with the fabric ones have been done. Fixed the lay-up configuration and so the stacking sequence, two typology of structures have been analyzed; the first one having only unidirectional plies while the second one having a fabric ply (plain weave 0/90) in place of the top and bottom unidirectional plies. The openhole compressive strength and the filled-hole tensile strength and moduli have been characterized by test. A total of 72 specimens have been used in the test campaign. In order to well compare the test results a Performance Weight Index (PWI) has been introduced by authors in order to normalize the strength of each laminate with respect to its weight/unit of surface. Results and different laminate behaviors have been evaluated and discussed.
Acoustomagnetoelectric Effect in Graphene Nanoribbon in the Presence of External Electric and Magnetic Fields
Authors: Dompreh Kwadwo A. , Mensah Samuel Y. , Abukari Sulemana S. , Edziah Raymond , Mensah Natalia G. , Quaye Harrison A. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAcoustomagnetoelectric Effect (AME) in Graphene Nanoribbon (GNR) in the presence of an external electric and magnetic fields was studied using the Boltzmann kinetic equation. On open circuit, the Surface Acoustomagnetoelectric field (ESAME) in GNR was obtained in the region ql >> 1, for energy dispersion "(p) near the Fermi level. The dependence of ESAME on the dimensional factor (ɳ), the sub-band index (pi), and the width (N) of GNR were analyzed numerically. For ESAME versus ɳ, a non-linear graph was obtained. From the graph, at ɳ < 0.62, the obtained graph qualitatively agreed with that experimentally observed in graphite. However at ɳ > 0.62, the ⃗ESAME falls rapidly to a minimum value. We observed that in GNR, the maximum ⃗ESAME was obtained at magnetic field H = 3.2Am−1. The graphs obtainedwere modulated by varying the subband index pi with an inversion observed when pi = 6. The dependence of ESAME on the width N for various pi was also studied where, ⃗ESAME decreases for increase in pi. To enhanced the understanding of ESAME on the N and ɳ, a 3D graph was plotted. This study is relevant for investigating the properties of GNR.
The effect of a hydrological model structure and rainfall data on the accuracy of flood description in an upland catchment
Authors: Wałęga Andrzej , Książek Leszek 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The effect of a hydrological model structure and rainfall data on the accuracy of flood description in an upland catchment. The aim of this paper was to determine the influence of a hydrological model structure and rainfall- -related data on flood parameters obtained from a simulation. The study included an upland river Stobnica, right tributary of the Wisłok. The following assumptions were investigated: (i) the greater number of rainfall stations, the more accurate a flood description, i.e. the resulting hydrograph much better describes the actual flood, (ii) a distributed parameter model provides a more precise description of a catchment response to rainfall than a lumped parameter model. All calculations were performed using HEC-HMS 3.4 software. The analyses showed that increasing the number of rainfall stations slightly improved the model performance (by on average 4.1%). Furthermore, it was showed that in the catchment characterized by low topographical variability and stable land use, more reliable flood simulation results were obtained in the lumped parameter model than in the distributed parameter model. Considering the calibration process slightly improved the model performance, irrespective of its structure and the number of rainfall stations. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed that the resulting differences in the model efficiency for individual variants were not significant. Considering limited empirical evidence on rainfall-runoff episodes, uncertainty of these results is probably high and thus they should be treated as a starting point for further studies.
Noise equalisation and quasi loss-less image data compression – or how many bits needs an image sensor?
Authors: Jähne Bernd , Schwarzbauer Martin 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Modern high-end image sensors require up to 16 bit
quantisation. Uniform quantisation is, however, not well adapted to the
signal, because the temporal noise strongly increases with the grey
value. Here a non-linear transform h(g) is proposed, which yields an image
sensor signal with an adjustable, grey-value independent temporal noise. The
number of bits required to represent the noise-equalised signal is in good
approximation equal to the maximum signal-to-noise ratio
(SNRmax). Thus the noise-equalised signal of any imaging sensor
with a full-well capacity of less than 216 can be quantised with
8 bit or less. The only disadvantage is an insignificant increase
in the overall noise level caused by additional quantisation noise.
The effect of GH treatment on serum FGF23 and Klotho in GH-deficient children
Authors: Efthymiadou Alexandra , Kritikou Dimitra , Mantagos Stefanos , Chrysis Dionisios 
Published: January 2016

BackgroundNormal phosphate homeostasis is essential for normal linear growth. The phosphaturic fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23)/Klotho axis is a major regulator of phosphate homeostasis; therefore, an intact FGF23/Klotho axis is important for normal linear growth. On the other hand, GH/IGF1 axis has opposing effects on phosphate homeostasis, but the underline mechanisms remain unclear.AimThe main objective of this study was to investigate the possible interactions of FGF23 and its co-receptor Klotho, with growth hormone (GH)/IGF1 axis in the regulation of phosphate metabolism in GH-deficient children under GH treatment.MethodsWe studied 23 GH-deficient children, before and 3 months after the onset of GH treatment. Anthropometry and assessment of biochemical parameters were performed, as well as measurement of FGF23 (intact FGF23/iFGF23 and C-terminal FGF23/cFGF23) and soluble α-Klotho (sKlotho) levels.ResultsAfter 3 months on GH treatment, the elevation of serum phosphate and TmPO4/GFR (P<0.0001 and P<0.01 respectively) was accompanied by a significant increase in cFGF23 (P<0.01), iFGF23 (P<0.0001), sKlotho (P<0.0001) and IGF1 (P<0.0001). Serum phosphate and TmPO4/GFR were positively associated with iFGF23 (P<0.01 and P<0.05) and IGF1 (P<0.05 and P<0.05). iFGF23 levels were positively correlated with sKlotho (P<0.001), IGF1 (P<0.0001) and height SDS (P<0.0001), whereas sKlotho was positively associated with IGF1 (P<0.0001) and height SDS (P<0.001).ConclusionThe increase in serum phosphate, which we found in GH-deficient children under GH treatment, is not associated with suppression but rather than with upregulation of the phosphaturic FGF23/Klotho axis.
Novel calcium-sensing receptor cytoplasmic tail deletion mutation causing autosomal dominant hypocalcemia: molecular and clinical study
Authors: Obermannova Barbora , Sumnik Zdenek , Dusatkova Petra , Cinek Ondrej , Grant Michael , Lebl Jan , Hendy Geoffrey N 
Published: January 2016

ObjectiveAutosomal dominant hypocalcemia (ADH) is a rare disorder caused by activating mutations of the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR). The treatment of ADH patients with 1α-hydroxylated vitamin D derivatives can cause hypercalciuria leading to nephrocalcinosis.Design and methodsWe studied a girl who presented with hypoparathyroidism and asymptomatic hypocalcemia at age 2.5 years. Mutations of CASR were investigated by DNA sequencing. Functional analyses of mutant and WT CASRs were done in transiently transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells.ResultsThe proband and her father are heterozygous for an eight-nucleotide deletion c.2703_2710delCCTTGGAG in the CASR encoding the intracellular domain of the protein. Transient expression of CASR constructs in kidney cells in vitro suggested greater cell surface expression of the mutant receptor with a left-shifted extracellular calcium dose-response curve relative to that of the WT receptor consistent with gain of function. Initial treatment of the patient with calcitriol led to increased urinary calcium excretion. Evaluation for mosaicism in the paternal grandparents of the proband was negative.ConclusionsWe describe a novel naturally occurring deletion mutation within the CASR that apparently arose de novo in the father of the ADH proband. Functional analysis suggests that the cytoplasmic tail of the CASR contains determinants that regulate the attenuation of signal transduction. Early molecular analysis of the CASR gene in patients with isolated idiopathic hypoparathyroidism is recommended because of its relevance to clinical outcome and treatment choice. In ADH patients, calcium supplementation and low-dose cholecalciferol avoids hypocalcemic symptoms without compromising renal function.