bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revision of the early crocodylomorph Trialestes romeri (Archosauria, Suchia) from the lower Upper Triassic Ischigualasto Formation of Argentina: one of the oldest‐known crocodylomorphs
Authors: Lecuona Agustina , Ezcurra Martín D. , Irmis Randall B. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractTrialestes romeri (Reig) is an early crocodylomorph from the Ischigualasto Formation (late Carnian – early Norian; Ischigualasto – Villa Unión Basin, Argentina) and one of the oldest‐known members of this clade. Two specimens of this species are known, the holotype (PVL 2561) and a referred specimen (PVL 3889), both consisting of associated cranial and postcranial remains. These specimens are incomplete and poorly preserved thus leading previous authors to propose different phylogenetic hypotheses for the species. Trialestes romeri was originally interpreted as a basal dinosaur, subsequently considered to be a crocodylomorph with some dinosaurian characters (e.g. mesotarsal ankle joint, functionally tridactyl pes), and even proposed as a chimera representing two different genera. Some recent workers have mentioned and discussed Trialestes, but none have described it in detail or included it in a quantitative phylogenetic analysis. Here, we describe in detail all the material assignable to the species and test its phylogenetic relationships using a comprehensive data matrix focused on early archosaurs. We support the referral of PVL 3889 to Trialestes and reject the presence of a mesotarsal ankle joint in this specimen. We recovered Trialestes within Crocodylomorpha, closer to Crocodyliformes than Pseudhesperosuchus, Hesperosuchus, Dromicosuchus and Sphenosuchus. Several stratigraphical units worldwide approximately coeval with the Ischigualasto Formation, have also yielded early crocodylomorph remains, such as the upper Santa María (Brazil), Pekin (USA), and lower Maleri (India) formations. However, the crocodylomorph specimens recovered from those units are more incomplete, possess uncertain phylogenetic affinities, or are part of chimaerae. Therefore, Trialestes represents the most completely known of the earliest non‐crocodyliform crocodylomorph taxa known to date.
Modellbasierte Planung und Bauausführung des räumlichen Stahltragwerkes bei der Müllverbrennungsanlage Amager Bakke
Authors: Hauptenbuchner Johannes , Bergmann Kai Uwe 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAmager Bakke (übersetzt: Amager Berg), so nennen die Kopenhagener den Neubau des Müllverbrennungskraftwerks auf der Halbinsel Amager in Kopenhagen. Es wird zu einer der größten Müllverbrennungsanlagen in Nordeuropa gehören und dient der kombinierten Fernwärme‐ und Stromerzeugung. Auf dem Dach der Kraftwerksanlage sollen ein Landschaftspark mit künstlichen Skipisten und eine Aussichtsplattform entstehen. Das Tragwerk des Gebäudes wird hauptsächlich durch eine komplexe, dreidimensionale Stahlstruktur gebildet, dessen modellbasierte Planung und Bauausführung eine anspruchsvolle Aufgabe für alle beteiligten Ingenieure und Firmen war.Model based design and construction of the complex steel structure at the Amager Bakke incinerator. Amager Bakke (translated: Amager hill), is the name of Copenhagen's new waste‐to‐energy‐plant located on the Amager peninsula. When finished, it will be one of the largest incinerators in northern Europe and used for the combined production of district heating and electricity. Atop the waste‐to‐energy plant will rest a landscape park featuring artificial ski slopes and a viewing platform. The support structure is mainly formed by a steel structure. The model based design and construction of the complex, three‐dimensional steel structure has proven a challenging task for all engineers and companies involved.
Symbiose aus Stahl und Stein – Eine innovative Stahlverbundlösung für komplexe innerstädtische Bauprojekte
Authors: Schäfer Markus , Radermacher Christoph , Braun Matthias , Hettinger Rheinhold , Freis Claus , Pesch Antoine , Benyahia Faiza 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDas Immobilienprojekt KONS sieht innerhalb von zweieinhalb Jahren den Abriss und die neue Überbauung eines großen Areals gegenüber des Hauptbahnhofs in zentraler, innerstädtischer Lage der Stadt Luxemburg vor. Die Anforderungen der Investoren wie auch die Auflagen der Verwaltung konnten nur durch einen integrativen und intelligenten Planungsprozess erfüllt werden. Die komplexen Verflechtungen zwischen logistischen und baubetrieblichen Abläufen, konstruktiven Detailfragen und wirtschaftlicher Gesamtbetrachtung fanden ihre Lösung in einer in jeder Hinsicht leistungsfähigen Stahlverbundkonzeption.Symbiosis of steel and stone – An innovative solution realized by a composite structure in steel and concrete for complex intra‐urban projects. The real estate project KONS encountered a two and a half year process of demolition of an existing building and construction of a new building complex in a central, urban location of Luxembourg City opposite of the main railway station. Thereby the ambitious specifications of the investor as well as the requirements of the local authorities could be met only through a comprehensive and intelligent planning process. The complex interrelation between logistics and construction management processes, detailing and overall economic assessmentfound the solution of steel‐composite design highly performant and efficient in every aspect.
Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation and Transfer Hydrogenation: Sustainable Chemistry to Access Bioactive Molecules
Authors: Ayad Tahar , Phansavath Phannarath , Ratovelomanana‐Vidal Virginie 
Published: October 2016

AbstractOver the last few decades, the development of new and highly efficient synthetic methods to obtain chiral compounds has become an increasingly important and challenging research area in modern synthetic organic chemistry. In this account, we review recent work from our laboratory toward the synthesis of valuable chiral building blocks through transition‐metal‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation and transfer hydrogenation of C=O, C=N and C=C bonds. Application to the synthesis of biologically relevant products is also described.
Social exclusion of older persons: a scoping review and conceptual framework
Authors: Walsh Kieran , Scharf Thomas , Keating Norah 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAs a concept, social exclusion has considerable potential to explain and respond to disadvantage in later life. However, in the context of ageing populations, the construct remains ambiguous. A disjointed evidence-base, spread across disparate disciplines, compounds the challenge of developing a coherent understanding of exclusion in older age. This article addresses this research deficit by presenting the findings of a two-stage scoping review encompassing seven separate reviews of the international literature pertaining to old-age social exclusion. Stage one involved a review of conceptual frameworks on old-age exclusion, identifying conceptual understandings and key domains of later-life exclusion. Stage two involved scoping reviews on each domain (six in all). Stage one identified six conceptual frameworks on old-age exclusion and six common domains across these frameworks: neighbourhood and community; services, amenities and mobility; social relations; material and financial resources; socio-cultural aspects; and civic participation. International literature concentrated on the first four domains, but indicated a general lack of research knowledge and of theoretical development. Drawing on all seven scoping reviews and a knowledge synthesis, the article presents a new definition and conceptual framework relating to old-age exclusion.
Colossal magnetic phase transition asymmetry in mesoscale FeRh stripes
Authors: Uhlíř V. , Arregi J. A. , Fullerton E. E. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractCoupled order parameters in phase-transition materials can be controlled using various driving forces such as temperature, magnetic and electric field, strain, spin-polarized currents and optical pulses. Tuning the material properties to achieve efficient transitions would enable fast and low-power electronic devices. Here we show that the first-order metamagnetic phase transition in FeRh films becomes strongly asymmetric in mesoscale structures. In patterned FeRh stripes we observed pronounced supercooling and an avalanche-like abrupt transition from the ferromagnetic to the antiferromagnetic phase, while the reverse transition remains nearly continuous over a broad temperature range. Although modest asymmetry signatures have been found in FeRh films, the effect is dramatically enhanced at the mesoscale. The activation volume of the antiferromagnetic phase is more than two orders of magnitude larger than typical magnetic heterogeneities observed in films. The collective behaviour upon cooling results from the role of long-range ferromagnetic exchange correlations that become important at the mesoscale and should be a general property of first-order metamagnetic phase transitions.
Imaging and controlling plasmonic interference fields at buried interfaces
Authors: Lummen Tom T. A. , Lamb Raymond J. , Berruto Gabriele , LaGrange Thomas , Dal Negro Luca , García de Abajo F. Javier , McGrouther Damien , Barwick B. , Carbone F. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractCapturing and controlling plasmons at buried interfaces with nanometre and femtosecond resolution has yet to be achieved and is critical for next generation plasmonic devices. Here we use light to excite plasmonic interference patterns at a buried metal–dielectric interface in a nanostructured thin film. Plasmons are launched from a photoexcited array of nanocavities and their propagation is followed via photon-induced near-field electron microscopy (PINEM). The resulting movie directly captures the plasmon dynamics, allowing quantification of their group velocity at ∼0.3 times the speed of light, consistent with our theoretical predictions. Furthermore, we show that the light polarization and nanocavity design can be tailored to shape transient plasmonic gratings at the nanoscale. This work, demonstrating dynamical imaging with PINEM, paves the way for the femtosecond and nanometre visualization and control of plasmonic fields in advanced heterostructures based on novel two-dimensional materials such as graphene, MoS2, and ultrathin metal films.
Impact of splenic artery ligation after major hepatectomy on liver function, regeneration and viability
Authors: Carrapita Jorge , Abrantes Ana Margarida , Campelos Sofia , Gonçalves Ana Cristina , Cardoso Dulce , Sarmento-Ribeiro Ana Bela , Rocha Clara , Santos Jorge Nunes , Botelho Maria Filomena , Tralhão José Guilherme , Farges Olivier , Barbosa Jorge Maciel 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIt was reported that prevention of acute portal overpressure in small-for-size livers by inflow modulation results in a better postoperative outcome. The aim is to investigate the impact of portal blood flow reduction by splenic artery ligation after major hepatectomy in a murine model. Forty-eight rats were subjected to an 85% hepatectomy or 85% hepatectomy and splenic artery ligation. Both groups were evaluated at 24, 48, 72 and 120 post-operative hours: liver function, regeneration and viability. All methods and experiments were carried out in accordance with Coimbra University guidelines. Splenic artery ligation produces viability increase after 24 h, induces a relative decrease in oxidative stress during the first 48 hours, allows antioxidant capacity increment after 24 h, which is reflected in a decrease of half-time normalized liver curve at 48 h and at 72 h and in an increase of mitotic index between 48 h and 72 h. Splenic artery ligation combined with 85% hepatectomy in a murine model, allows portal inflow modulation, promoting an increase in hepatocellular viability and regeneration, without impairing the function, probably by inducing a less marked elevation of oxidative stress at first 48 hours.
Tool transfers are a form of teaching among chimpanzees
Authors: Musgrave Stephanie , Morgan David , Lonsdorf Elizabeth , Mundry Roger , Sanz Crickette 
Published: October 2016

AbstractTeaching is a form of high-fidelity social learning that promotes human cumulative culture. Although recently documented in several nonhuman animals, teaching is rare among primates. In this study, we show that wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes)in the Goualougo Triangle teach tool skills by providing learners with termite fishing probes. Tool donors experienced significant reductions in tool use and feeding, while tool recipients significantly increased their tool use and feeding after tool transfers. These transfers meet functional criteria for teaching: they occur in a learner’s presence, are costly to the teacher, and improve the learner’s performance. Donors also showed sophisticated cognitive strategies that effectively buffered them against potential costs. Teaching is predicted when less costly learning mechanisms are insufficient. Given that these chimpanzees manufacture sophisticated, brush-tipped fishing probes from specific raw materials, teaching in this population may relate to the complexity of these termite-gathering tasks.
Global disruption of degree rank order: a hallmark of chronic pain
Authors: Mansour Ali , Baria Alex T. , Tetreault Pascal , Vachon-Presseau Etienne , Chang Pei-Ching , Huang Lejian , Apkarian A. Vania , Baliki Marwan N. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractChronic pain remains poorly understood; yet it is associated with the reorganization of the nervous system. Here, we demonstrate that a unitary global measure of functional connectivity, defined as the extent of degree rank order disruption, kD, identifies the chronic pain state. In contrast, local degree disruption differentiates between chronic pain conditions. We used resting-state functional MRI data to analyze the brain connectome at varying scales and densities. In three chronic pain conditions, we observe disrupted kD, in proportion to individuals’ pain intensity, and associated with community membership disruption. Additionally, we observe regional degree changes, some of which were unique to each type of chronic pain. Subjects with recent onset of back pain exhibited emergence of kD only when the pain became chronic. Similarly, in neuropathic rats kD emerged weeks after injury, in proportion to pain-like behavior. Thus, we found comprehensive cross-species evidence for chronic pain being a state of global randomization of functional connectivity.
Systems-level analysis reveals selective regulation of Aqp2 gene expression by vasopressin
Authors: Sandoval Pablo C. , Claxton J’Neka S. , Lee Jae Wook , Saeed Fahad , Hoffert Jason D. , Knepper Mark A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractVasopressin-mediated regulation of renal water excretion is defective in a variety of water balance disorders in humans. It occurs in part through long-term mechanisms that regulate the abundance of the aquaporin-2 water channel in renal collecting duct cells. Here, we use deep DNA sequencing in mouse collecting duct cells to ask whether vasopressin signaling selectively increases Aqp2 gene transcription or whether it triggers a broadly targeted transcriptional network. ChIP-Seq quantification of binding sites for RNA polymerase II was combined with RNA-Seq quantification of transcript abundances to identify genes whose transcription is regulated by vasopressin. (View curated dataset at https://helixweb.nih.gov/ESBL/Database/Vasopressin/). The analysis revealed only 35 vasopressin-regulated genes (of 3659) including Aqp2. Increases in RNA polymerase II binding and mRNA abundances for Aqp2 far outstripped corresponding measurements for all other genes, consistent with the conclusion that vasopressin-mediated transcriptional regulation is highly selective for Aqp2. Despite the overall selectivity of the net transcriptional response, vasopressin treatment was associated with increased RNA polymerase II binding to the promoter proximal region of a majority of expressed genes, suggesting a nearly global positive regulation of transcriptional initiation with transcriptional pausing. Thus, the overall net selectivity appears to be a result of selective control of transcriptional elongation.
Defining cutaneous molecular pathobiology of arsenicals using phenylarsine oxide as a prototype
Authors: Srivastava Ritesh K. , Li Changzhao , Weng Zhiping , Agarwal Anupam , Elmets Craig A. , Afaq Farrukh , Athar Mohammad 
Published: October 2016

AbstractArsenicals are painful, inflammatory and blistering causing agents developed as chemical weapons in World War I/II. However, their large stockpiles still exist posing threat to public health. Phenylarsine oxide (PAO), a strong oxidant and a prototype arsenical is tested for its suitability to defining molecular mechanisms underlying arsenicals-mediated tissue injury. Topically applied PAO induces cutaneous erythema, edema and micro-blisters. These gross inflammatory responses were accompanied by the enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, ROS and unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling activation. To demonstrate the involvement of UPR in the pathobiology of these lesions, we employed chemical chaperone, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) which attenuates UPR. 4-PBA significantly reduced PAO-induced inflammation and blistering. Similar to its effects in murine epidermis, a dose- and time-dependent upregulation of ROS, cytokines, UPR proteins (GRP78, p-PERK, p-eIF2α, ATF4 and CHOP) and apoptosis were observed in PAO-treated human skin keratinocytes NHEK and HaCaT. In addition, 4-PBA significantly restored these molecular alterations in these cells. Employing RNA interference (RNAi)-based approaches, CHOP was found to be a key regulator of these responses. These effects are similar to those manifested by lewisite suggesting that PAO could be used as a prototype of arsenicals to define the molecular pathogenesis of chemical injury.
Light-triggered Supramolecular Isomerism in a Self-catenated Zn(II)-organic Framework: Dynamic Photo-switching CO2 Uptake and Detection of Nitroaromatics
Authors: Song Wei-Chao , Cui Xun-Zhe , Liu Zhong-Yi , Yang En-Cui , Zhao Xiao-Jun 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA self-catenated Zn(II)-organic framework formulated as [Zn2(3,3′-bpeab)(oba)2]·DMF (1) exhibiting a six-connected 44·610·8 topology has been successfully synthesized through the mixed-ligand of kinked 3,3′-bis[2-(4-pyridyl)ethenyl]azobenzene (3,3′-bpeab) and 4,4′-oxybis-benzoic acid (H2oba) under solvothermal condition. UV light triggers isomerization of complex 1 in a single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) manner, giving rise to a conformational supramolecular isomer 1_UV through the pedal motion of photoresponsive double bonds. Dynamic photo-switching in the obtained light-responsive supramolecular isomers leads to instantly reversible CO2 uptake. Furthermore, the ligand originated fluorescence emission of water-resistant complex 1 is selectively sensitive to 4-nitrotoluene (4-NT) owing to a higher quenching efficiency of the perilous explosive over other structurally similar nitroaromatics, prefiguring the potentials of 1 as a fluorescence sensor towards 4-NT in aquatic media.
Decoupling of nutrient element cycles in soil and plants across an altitude gradient
Authors: Tan Qiqi , Wang Guoan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPrevious studies have examined the decoupling of C, N, and P under rapid changes in climate. While this may occur in different environment types, such climactic changes have been reported over short distances in mountainous terrain. We hypothesized that the decoupling of C, N, and P could also occur in response to increases in altitude. We sampled soil and plants from Mount Gongga, Sichuan Province, China. Soil C and N were not related to altitude, whereas soil P increased with altitude. Soil N did not change with mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP), vegetation and soil types, whereas soil P varied with MAT and vegetation type. Plant C remained constant with increasing altitude; plant N exhibited a quadratic change trend along the altitude gradient, with a turning point at 2350 m above average sea level; and plant P decreased with altitude. MAP mostly accounted for the variation in plant P. MAT was responsible for the variation of plant N at elevations below 2350 m, whereas MAT and vegetation type were the dominant influential factors of plants growing above 2350 m. Thus, the decoupling of C, N, and P in both soil and plants was significantly affected by altitude.
Impaired socio-emotional processing in a developmental music disorder
Authors: Lima César F. , Brancatisano Olivia , Fancourt Amy , Müllensiefen Daniel , Scott Sophie K. , Warren Jason D. , Stewart Lauren 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSome individuals show a congenital deficit for music processing despite normal peripheral auditory processing, cognitive functioning, and music exposure. This condition, termed congenital amusia, is typically approached regarding its profile of musical and pitch difficulties. Here, we examine whether amusia also affects socio-emotional processing, probing auditory and visual domains. Thirteen adults with amusia and 11 controls completed two experiments. In Experiment 1, participants judged emotions in emotional speech prosody, nonverbal vocalizations (e.g., crying), and (silent) facial expressions. Target emotions were: amusement, anger, disgust, fear, pleasure, relief, and sadness. Compared to controls, amusics were impaired for all stimulus types, and the magnitude of their impairment was similar for auditory and visual emotions. In Experiment 2, participants listened to spontaneous and posed laughs, and either inferred the authenticity of the speaker’s state, or judged how much laughs were contagious. Amusics showed decreased sensitivity to laughter authenticity, but normal contagion responses. Across the experiments, mixed-effects models revealed that the acoustic features of vocal signals predicted socio-emotional evaluations in both groups, but the profile of predictive acoustic features was different in amusia. These findings suggest that a developmental music disorder can affect socio-emotional cognition in subtle ways, an impairment not restricted to auditory information.
Cerebral Activity Associated with Transient Sleep-Facilitated Reduction in Motor Memory Vulnerability to Interference
Authors: Albouy Geneviève , King Bradley R. , Schmidt Christina , Desseilles Martin , Dang-Vu Thien Thanh , Balteau Evelyne , Phillips Christophe , Degueldre Christian , Orban Pierre , Benali Habib , Peigneux Philippe , Luxen André , Karni Avi , Doyon Julien , Maquet Pierre , Korman Maria 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMotor memory consolidation is characterized, in part, by a sleep-facilitated decrease in susceptibility to subsequent interfering experiences. Surprisingly, the cerebral substrates supporting this phenomenon have never been examined. We used fMRI to investigate the neural correlates of the influence of sleep on interference to motor memory consolidation. Healthy young adults were trained on a sequential motor task, and subsequently practiced a second competing sequence after an interval including diurnal sleep or wakefulness. Participants were then retested on the initial sequence 8 h and 24 h (including nocturnal sleep) after training. Results demonstrated that a post-training nap significantly protected memory against interference at 8 h and modulated the link between cerebral activity and behavior, such that a smaller post-interference decrease in cortico-striatal activity was associated with better performance. Interestingly, the protective effect of a nap was only transitory, as both groups performed similarly at 24 h. Activity in cortico-striatal areas that was disrupted during the day, presumably due to interference and accentuated in the absence of a nap, was restored overnight. Altogether, our findings offer the first evidence that cortico-striatal areas play a critical role in the transient sleep-facilitated reduction in motor memory vulnerability and in the overnight restoration of previously degraded memories.