bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demyelination in rat model of mania-like behavior
Authors: Andrabi M. , Subbiah V. , Sagar R. , Mathur R. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAmple amount of data suggests role of REM sleep deprivation as the cause and effect of mania. In the present model, we have tried to implement behavioral sensitization to sleep deprivation, conditions mimicking natural circumstances, so as to produce an animal model with symptomatology resembling very close to human mania. Pre-clinical and clinical studies have shown that mania is often co-morbid with multiple sclerosis, therefore we sought to find out whether myelin integrity is disrupted and if lithium could protect against such damage.Objectives(1) To analyse mania-like behavior after REM sleep deprivation. (2) To analyse any damage to myelin under TEM.AimsWe wanted to see if there could be any damage to myelin after behavioral sensitization to stress.MethodsRats were sleep deprived by classical flowerpot or platform method. OFT was performed to assess behavior of rats. The analysis was performed over 5 min, separated into 5 bins of 1 min each. Behavioral scores included total square entries, inner square entries, time spent in center, rearing frequency, time spent rearing, number of grooming bouts, time spent grooming defecation and time spent still. TEM was performed to study changes in myelination in two distinct regions of brain, DG and VTA.ResultsIt was observed that the REM sleep deprived rats had mania like symptoms. REM sleep deprivation lead to demyelination in DG and VTA. Lithium treatment restored myelination per se.ConclusionsThe result suggests the involvement of myelin damage in the pathogenesis of mania, Li offers protection against such damage.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Reversible cognitive impairment associated with a high free fraction but subtherapeutic total blood level of valproic acid due to hypoalbuminemia in a bipolar patient
Authors: Dautzenberg G. , Nederlof M. , Heerdink E. , Beekman A. 
Published: June 2017

Valproic acid (VPA) is widely used in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder. It is largely bound to serum proteins (80–95%) in particular albumin, with a saturable binding capacity. Under conditions of hypoalbuminemia, protein binding of VPA will decrease and its pharmacologically-active free fraction will rise, even to toxic levels while measuring subtherapeutic VPA total blood levels [1].We present an elderly bipolar patient with (sub)clinical total levels of VPA and a high free fraction of VPA due to hypoalbuminemia (14–24 g/L) leading to severe reversible cognitive impairment.VPA and the free fraction in particular, was the most likely cause of the cognitive impairment [2]. There was a time-correlation with increasing blood levels of total VPA (68 mg/L, reference 80–120 mg/L [3]), notably the free fraction (37.5 mg/L, reference 5–15 mg/L), and the intoxication.For therapeutic drug monitoring in laboratories, generally, total VPA concentrations (free + protein-bound) are measured instead of free fractions, due to technical difficulties, a lack of established reference ranges [4] and (inter)national guidelines [5,6] not requiring it. This presentation and literature points out that it is clinically relevant to measure the free fraction [7,8], especially in patients with hypoalbuminemia [9–11] to prevent unnecessary side effects and toxicity.We recommend measuring albumin during VPA use; particularly in patients with nephrotic syndrome, liver disease [12] or older adults [13–15]. Hypoalbuminemia demands a free fraction measurement.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Correlation between alterations of inflammatory markers and treatment with atypical antipsychotics in patients diagnosed with bipolar affective disorder
Authors: Godio M. , Marino F. , Preve M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionClinical evidences suggests that cerebral inflammatory processes are involved in the development of major affective disorders [1].Obvious correlations exist between changes of inflammatory markers such as acute-phase protein C (PCR) and VES, in patients with bipolar spectrum diagnosis [2].ObjectivesOur aim is demonstrating the correlations between changes of PCR and VES and pharmacological treatment with atypical antipsychotics in patients with acute bipolar disorder, highlighting a trend.MethodTwenty patients with bipolar disorder were assessed at the entrance (T0), after three weeks (T1) and after six weeks (T2) of hospitalization using specific rating scales and blood tests routines include PCR and VES.ResultsIs possible to appreciate a correlation between the affective phase of bipolar disorder and inflammatory markers with a proportional trend (Table 1).Discussion and conclusionThe scores obtained seem to confirm the effect of antipsychotic in both sense of psychiatric symptomatology reduction and in anti-inflammatory action.A confirmation of a correlation between the resolution of affective disorders and normalization of inflammatory markers confirm the intrinsic anti-inflammatory activity of such drug compounds [3].Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and related factors after circumcision operation performed with general or local anesthesia
Authors: Kozanhan B. , Kocaoğlu C. , Gunduz M. , Akca O.F. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveElective circumcision operation for male children can affect their psychological status.AimWe aimed to investigate the traumatic effect of the circumcision procedure and the predictive factors that could contribute to this effect.MethodOne hundred and thirty-four children who admitted to urology and child surgery clinics to perform a circumcision procedure were included in the study. The whole group was divided into two groups including general anesthesia (GA) (n = 71) and local anesthesia (LA) (n = 63) groups. The procedure was performed under general and local anesthesia in the relevant groups. All of the participants filled the Child Depression invenTory (CDI), State (SA), and Trait (TA) Anxiety and Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity index (CASI) before the operation, and the Child Posttraumatic Stress Reaction index (CPSRI) 1 month after the operation.ResultsCDI, CASI and TA scores of the children were similar in both groups, however, SA scores of the LA group were higher than GA group (P < 0.001), and CPSRI scores of the GA group were higher than LA group (P = 0.04). When the other parameters were controlled in regression analysis, only CDI scores predicted CPSRI scores in LA group (P = 0.02), and TA scores predicted CPSRI scores in the GA group (P = 0.03).ConclusionChildren who witness the surgical procedure of the circumcision do not develop serious PTSD symptoms. In contrast, children who experience general anesthesia procedure during circumcision develop more serious PTSD symptoms than children operated with local anesthesia. Trait anxiety and depressive symptom severity may be important in developing PTSD symptoms after circumcision operation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Children with opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome: Types of psychological development
Authors: Burlakova N. , Mikadze Y. , Fedorova Y. , Bembeeva R. , Ilyina E. , Zavadenko N. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionOpsoclonus myoclonus syndrome (OMS) in childhood still remains unexplored from the perspective of clinical psychology.Objectives and aimsThe research was aimed at defining types of psychological development in the group of children with OMS. The study included 18 children between ages 2 years 4 months and 9 years with OMS (8 boys, 10 girls).MethodsThe following methods were used: analysis of patient's development and medical record, psychological interview with parents, neurological state assessment and pathopsychological assessment.ResultsPatients were divided into three groups according to cognitive development level:– group with normal intelligence level (n = 4);– group with developmental delay (n = 11);– group with intellectual disability in different forms (n = 3).Several children in group 1 (n = 3) and in group 2 (n = 4) expressed neurotic behavior with increased levels of anxiety and fear of trying unusual actions during psychological assessment. Children with delay in psychoverbal development (n = 7) and with developmental delay (n = 1) expressed psychopathy-like states with verbal aggression and had difficulties controlling their emotions. In some cases (n = 2), the psychological state of the patient was defined as borderline state with emotional instability, especially in mother–child interaction.ConclusionPsychological features of children with OMS indicate heterogeneity of their development types that implies different prognosis and developmental dynamics for each type. The results point out the necessity of detailed psychological examination aimed at correlation of psychological help to children with OMS and their families with their psychological state.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Sixteen-year population-based cohort study of main class International Classification of Diseases associated with psychiatric disorders in a sample under the age of two years
Authors: Cawthorpe D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThis paper illustrates the use of cohort data from a population to describe the early life prevalence and odds ratios (ORs) of the main classes of International Classification of Diseases (ICD) associated with any mental disorder arising at any time during the 16 year study period.ObjectivesThe main ICD disorder classes were examined in relation to psychiatric disorders over 16 years in a cohort under the age of two years between April 1st, 1993, and January 1st, 1995.AimsTo demonstrate the utility of studying the complete profile of associated diagnoses over time in a population cohort.MethodsThe total number of individuals under the age of two years before 1995 (n = 17,603) were tallied within each main class of ICD disorder by year and expressed as ORs of those with and without any 16-year psychiatric disorder.ResultsThe greatest annual rates observed in the early years of life were for the following main ICD classes of disease: respiratory system, sense organs, symptoms signs ill-defined conditions, no diagnosis, injury poisoning, and skin subcutaneous tissue disorders. These disorders also had the highest ORs in early life given the presence of a mental disorder at any time during the study period.DiscussionKnowing the early life main class diagnoses associated with psychiatric disorders could guide both basic science research as well as early intervention social and health investment policies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Determining the influence of game treatment on decreasing divorce children's’ stress
Authors: Ebrahimi F. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionOne of the main challenges facing the fact that every society has always called divorce. Phenomenon in modern societies is growing at a rapid rate and adverse effects of economic, social and especially psychological, parents and children.AimThis study pays to determining the influence of game treatment on decreasing divorce children's’ stress.MethodsThe method of study is of testing in which statistical society of study includes all children (girl and boy) of divorced parents. From all statistical society, we have selected a sample about 26 persons by randomly sampling. The instrument for gathering information in this study includes children stress test (SCARED) in which has been studied sample after measuring its narration and stability.ResultThe result of dependent t-test and covariance analysis showed game treatment has meaningful and positive influence on children stress.ConclusionsThe amount of its interference on decreasing divorce children stress is about 83%. It means 83% of the whole remained scores variance is related to game treatment interference.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Child and adolescent service and community mental health center: HoNOS findings in a joint take in charge model in Trieste
Authors: Bignotto A. , Celona D. , Pascolo Fabrici E. , Garino D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionA collaboration between the Child and Adolescent Unit 2 (Badof-2) and Community Mental Health 2 (CMHC-2) started several years ago in order to have a joint take in charge of under 25 people presenting needs to either one of the services. A major focus has been put, in this period, on early psychotic onset.ObjectivesThe impact of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders on daily life has been very well studied in clinical populations and in general ones, leaving some gaps on which are more heavily involved in the resulting disability. In this study, we have used the HoNOS scale, in the Italian validated version, in order to evaluate the single items.MethodsWe have enrolled all the under-30 people taken in charge by the two aforementioned services in the period 2013–2016 with a ICD-10 F20–F29 diagnosis, dividing them in two subgroups (′13–′14 and ′15–′16) in order to find if there was an impact of the prolonged time of take in charge. A HoNOS evaluation has been submitted to all the 21 people found.ResultsHoNOS scores of the first subgroup are generally lower than the ones of the second subgroup (median: 6 vs. 16.5). Self-harmness, cognitive disorders and post-psychotic depression have a heavier impact in daily life than the classic positive and negative symptomatology. Focusing on psychosocial recovery programs, this area has been partly marginally affected.ConclusionsThe two subgroups show different HoNOS scores, with lower ones in the ′13–′14 group. More studies on general population and covariates should be conducted.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Effect of multi-dimensional training program, using a combination method of TICH and ABA, on improve autistic children's behavior
Authors: Hayati M. , Rezaie Pelleshahi S. , Farrokhi N. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAutistic children could not organize their social life direction and understanding and interpreting other sensation and only achieve so many information by looking others and instinct for creating the best space for achieving success.ObjectiveThe present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of a multi-dimensional training program, using a combination of TICH and ABA on improving the behavior of autistic children in the city of Karaj.MethodThe population in this study was all autistic students in a boys exceptional children school in city of Karaj. All participants (n = 16) were randomly assigned in two groups, experimental group (n = 8), and control group (n = 8). This research was carried out experimentally, and multi-dimensional training program was carried out on experimental group in the context of 12 training session for 2 months and two-hour sessions per week. During this time, the control group did not receive any training. In order to collect data the Autism Diagnostic Inventory that was proven its validity and reliability has been used.The collected data were analyzed with co-variance method.ResultThe results showed that the multi-dimensional training program had significant influence on social and verbal communication skills and the reduction of stereotyped behaviors in autistic children.ConclusionTherefore, we can plan a multi-dimensional approach as a comprehensive training program for this group of children and used it weekly as an independent course in autistic children academic schedule.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The relationship between childhood traumas and depression and anxiety in high school students in Turkey
Authors: Sezer G. , Hızlı Sayar G. , Gulmez H. 
Published: June 2017

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between childhood traumas and depression and anxiety levels of high school students in Sakarya. The sample of the present study consisted of 145 students 79 are girls and 66 are boys are chosen from five different school. To measure depression levels of students “Beck Depression Inventory” is used. To measure anxiety levels “Beck Anxiety Inventory” is used. To collect data about childhood traumas “Childhood Trauma Questionnaire” is used. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.00. In result of this study, 86 people had symptoms of depression. And also there is a relationship between depression symptoms and anxiety symptoms. However, there is no relationship between childhood traumas and anxiety symptoms and depression symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Approach to somatomorphic disorders in children. A case presentation
Authors: Ortega Garcia M.D. , Marti Garnica M.V. , Garcia Marin S. , Lopez Bernal M.A. , Gomez Martinez R. , Martinez Martinez C. , Blanco del Valle P. 
Published: June 2017

Description of clinical casePatient 10-year-old pediatrics sent from service due to history of frequent admissions for recurrent abdominal pain. In the bypass request indicate that this is a patient of perfectionistic traits; detect dysfunctional family dynamics highlighting the rivalry in the phratry, and with an equal difficulty in the field. From 2010 to 2016, he has made more than 30 visits to hospital emergency combined intervention of psychiatry and psychology and multidisciplinary service available with a pediatric surgery and pediatrics is performed.Exploration and complementary testsFrom 2011 to 2016, it has made 44 blood tests, sonograms 9 full abdomen, abdominal renal scintigraphy without significant findings.DiagnosisF45.5 pain disorder.Differential diagnosisSymptoms due to a medical condition. Other symptoms substance-induced mental disorders: non-specific conversion disorder, pain disorder, hypochondriasis, body dysmorphic disorder, somatization disorder, simulation, factitious disorder, medical symptoms…ConclusionsPsychosomatic disorders are one of the most common clinical forms of mental disorders in childhood and adolescence expression. Knowing the stages of development and operating characteristics. In clinical practice, mainly in primary care, tend to find an organic cause somatic complaints in children, so prevalence data and/or referral to specialized services vary depending on mental consulted sources is critical to understand the pathogenesis of these disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Communication in ASD – parents as partners for improving language development
Authors: Sun I. , Fernandes F. , Pereira P. , Balestro J. 
Published: June 2017

The increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has important consequences to the health and educational systems. The need for specialized care that can improve the chances for a good prognosis must be considered in the research about intervention proposals. Parents can be very important participants in this process. Several intervention programs include the participation of parents but there is relatively little information in the literature about the results of these proposals. This poster will present the results of three different intervention programs with the participation of parents in three different regions of Brazil. In Rio de Janeiro, the parents were instructed about everyday attitudes and interactive management in six monthly group sessions discussing specific issues. In Rio Grande do Sul, specific themes regarding communication awareness and language development were discussed with parents in eight individual sessions conducted once each month. In Sao Paulo, parents were instructed once a week, during ten weeks, about executive functions stimulation. Participants were 18 children and they were all receiving regular speech-language therapy before, during and after the period of instruction to the parents. The results regarding the social-cognitive and communicative performance show a clear effect of the parents’ instruction. Each program's results will be discussed individually but the overall results point out to the value of including parents as partners in language and communication intervention processes.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A technology for providing therapeutic training of children with the anxiety-depressive disorders, comorbid with obesity
Authors: P.T.  , Mykhailova E. , Matkovska T. , Reshetovska N. , Goloborodko A. 
Published: June 2017

Background and aimsThe study considers the problem of the anxiety-depressive disorders (ADD) in children with concomitant obesity in the context of the search for effective methods of their correction.Materials and methodsIncluded 64 children at puberty with the anxiety-depressive disorders, comorbid with obesity. Design comprised: clinicopsychopathological, somatoneurological, psychological monitoring (CDRS-R); the Spielberger, “Me and my illness” and “Man in the Rain” projective drawing tests.ResultsThe symptoms of emotional and vegetative tension, depression registered in all studied children.In the developed model of support, the interventions of primary level are aimed on family and closest encirclement of the child (family psychotherapy, psycho-educational programs for children and their parents). Strategies:– stressful situation in the family (practical, psychological support and education of parents);– for relief of depressive and vegetative-anxious symptoms (using art therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy);– for education of patients in the wider context – quality of life, coping, motivation and modification of inappropriate behaviors (modeling of new cognitions).The technology includes the diagnosis of the psychosomatic core of the disease, areas of neurotic fixation of the child with ADD and obesity, correction of emotional homeostasis and cognitive imbalance by activation of the personality individual resources as a result using cognitive-behavioral and art-dynamic therapy, as well as a “Control of eating behavior” training program, and solving certain situational problems by a child with the disease.ConclusionOur method makes the tactics of psychotherapeutic and psycho-educational intervention at an early stage of the disease.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.