bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Average Coverage of Sprayed Objects Depending on the Coefficient of Spray Surface for the Selected Nozzles
Authors: Dereń Katarzyna , Cieniawska Beata , Szewczyk Antoni 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The primary objective of the experiment was to determine the average coverage of the sprayed liquid on the plant surface according to the adopted coefficient of the spray surface of plants (Wpo). Examinations were performed under laboratory conditions, using a sprayer, which was moving with a constant operating speed, at various operating pressures. During the study four types of nozzles were used: standard and ejector. They sprayed objects, which were artificial plants, equipped with probes in the form of water-sensitive papers. Probes were placed on the horizontal and vertical surfaces of the plants. The degree of coverage was determined by computer image analysis. The analysis of obtained results showed that the coefficient of the surface spray has a significant impact on the size of the average surface coverage of sprayed objects. It was found that in case where the Wpo <1, standard nozzles are better for spraying, and when Wpo > 1, ejector nozzles and standard double may be used more successfully.
The Influence of Steam Cold Trap in the Vacuum Chamber Installation on the Ice Sublimation Speed
Authors: Diakun Jarosław , Dolik Kamil , Kopeć Adam 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This work is a continuation of research on the differences in the sublimation speed of free ice and ice contained in the porous material. The results of previous research were published in Technica Agraria 12(1-2)/2013 (Diakun, Dolik, Kopec “The sublimation speed of free ice and ice in the sprat carcass”). A test stand used in studies was supplemented by a cold trap to prevent the steam flow into the vacuum pump and for the intensification of the ice sublimation process. The comparative tests: with the cold trap and without were performed. The research material (samples) was in the form of ice nugget, frozen sprat carcasses and ice frozen within the sponge (porous material model). The aim of the study was to examine the cold trap impact on the conditions within the vacuum chamber during sublimation and the speed of the process. The differences in the sublimation speed for the free ice, the ice from the frozen sprat and from the model were rated. The results showed a significant increase in the sublimation speed during the process with the active cold trap.
The Change in Spectrum of Drops in the Exploitation Process of Agricultural Nozzles
Authors: Subr Alaa Kamel , Sawa Józef , Parafiniuk Stanisław 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Agricultural nozzles usually produce a different drops size depending on the pressure and the physical condition (work life) of the nozzle besides producing a wide range of the drops spectrum in the spray cloud. In this paper the standard flat fan nozzles were investigated regarding the effect of the working pressure and the nozzle physical condition (new and worn nozzles). The size of drops and the spectrum of drops across the long axis of the spray pattern were examined by using Sympatec GmbH Laser Diffraction. Reducing the working pressure from 3 to 2 and then to 1 caused production of larger drops, also using worn nozzles (especially with lower pressure) changed the drops size which is expected to be produced from the new nozzles. The standard flat fan nozzles produced a wide range of the drops spectrum inside the spray cloud, generally small drops (less than 150 µm) concentrated in the middle of the spray pattern while the big drops (250-350µm) were situated on the edge positions (70 cm from the centerline) of the spray pattern.
The Impact of Dr Green Foliar Fertilization on Plant Health During the Growing Period as well as on the Potato Yield and Quality (Jelly Variety)
Authors: Witek Grzegorz , Gorzelany Józef , Matłok Natalia 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the four major crops in Poland. In 2013 the area used for potato cultivation in Poland reached 270 thousand hectares. Among the important factors influencing the potato yield and quality are: soil cultivation and protection of plants. One of the most essential factors affecting the potato yield and quality is fertilization. The aim of the field trials carried out in 2014 on experimental potato plots was to determine the effect of dr Green foliar feed nutrients on plant health and on potato quality and yield (Jelly variety). The results of the studies and observations revealed that the application of Dr Green Ziemniak, Dr Green Start and Dr Green Energy foliar feeds favourably affected the quality, yield and structure of Jelly potato tuber crop.
Migratory connectivity of Golden-crowned Sparrows from two wintering regions in California
Authors: Cormier Renée L , Humple Diana L , Gardali Thomas , Seavy Nathaniel E 
Published: August 2016

AbstractKnowledge of migratory connectivity is critical
to understanding the consequences of habitat loss and
climate change on migratory species. We used light-level
geolocators to determine breeding locations and migratory
routes of wintering Golden-crowned Sparrows (Zonotrichia
atricapilla) in two regions of California, USA. Eight out of
9 birds tagged at coastal-wintering sites in Marin County
went to breeding sites along the Gulf Coast of Alaska, while
7 out of 8 inland-wintering birds in Placer County migrated
to interior sites in the Yukon, Northwest Territories, and
British Columbia, Canada. Our estimate of the strength
of migratory connectivity was relatively high (rm = 0.66).
Coastal-wintering birds followed a coastal migration route
while inland-wintering birds migrated inland. Coastalwintering
birds migrated significantly farther than inland
birds (3,624 km versus 2,442 km). Coastal birds traveled
at a greater rate during spring migration (179 km/d) than
did inland birds (118 km/d), but there was no statistical
difference in the rate of fall migration (167 km/d and
111 km/d, respectively). Dates of arrival and departure,
and duration of spring and fall migration, did not differ
between groups, nor did return rates. Rates of return
also did not differ between tagged and control birds. The
distinct migration routes and breeding areas suggests that
there may be more structuring in the migratory geography
of the Golden-crowned Sparrow than in a simple panmictic
population.
Closed form evaluation of sums containing squares of Fibonomial coefficients
Authors: Kiliç Emrah , Prodinger Helmut 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
We give a systematic approach to compute certain sums of squares of Fibonomial coefficients with finite products of generalized Fibonacci and Lucas numbers as coefficients. The technique is to rewrite everything in terms of a variable q, and then to use generating functions and Rothe's identity from classical q-calculus.
Rejecting Racism in Any Form: Latter-day
Saint Rhetoric, Religion, and Repatriation
Authors: Murphy Thomas W , Baca Angelo 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints issued an online statement in February 2012
rejecting all racism, in any form. The statement followed nearly two centuries of tortured struggles with
racism promulgated by church leaders, instituted in everyday practices, and integrated into Latter-day
Saint scriptures. While rhetoric renouncing racism from the LDS Church is a welcome step, religions need
to compliment language undoing racism with concrete actions. This article examines ways that the LDS
Church may work towards actually ending various forms of racism. It focuses attention on the role of settler
colonial grave robbery, the loot from which was used in the production of Mormon scriptures advocating
white privilege. These acts of violence against Native people continue into the present, as illustrated by
the recent occupation of the Malheur Wildlife Refuge by Mormon militiamen, extensive trade networks in
antiquities in Mormon communities, unethical uses of Native American DNA, and ongoing efforts by Utah
legislators to undermine tribal sovereignty. Current rhetoric condemning racism appears to serve as a mask
for the continued imbalance of power in a land-rich institution in which the highest positions of authority
remain exclusively in the hands of white men. Reciprocal acts of repatriation, initiated but never finished
by early LDS Church leaders, need to be re-activated if Mormons are to effectively repudiate racism in its
many forms.
The connections between postural reactions, scoliosis postures and scoliosis in girls aged 12-15 years old examined using the Spearman’s Rank OrderCorrelation
Authors: Wilczyński Jacek , Karolak Przemysław , Karolak Joanna , Wilczyński Igor , Pedrycz Agnieszka 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The aim of the research was to analyse the Spearman's Rank Order Correlation between the postural reactions, scoliosis postures and scoliosis in girls aged 12-15 years old. Throughout the whole group of girls, positive correlations between attitude parameters in the frontal plane and the postural reactions were observed: The angle of primary curvature/anteroposterior speed with which eyes closed, angle of primary curvature /average speed with which eyes closed, angle of primary curvature /path length eyes closed, absolute value shoulders angle line/mean loading point X eyes closed, absolute value pelvic inclination angle/lateral speed eyes closed. Negative correlations occurred in cases: absolute value angle of secondary curvature/ mean loading point X eyes open, depth of secondary curvature/mean loading point X eyes open, length of secondary curvature/mean loading point X eyes open, angle of secondary curvature/mean loading point X eyes closed. Statistically significant correlations occurred more frequent when the Romberg’s test was held with eyes closed (CE): angle of primary curvature/anteroposterior speed, torso inclination angle/mean loading point X, angle of primary curvature/average speed, angle of primary curvature/path length, absolute value shoulders angle line/mean loading point X, absolute value pelvic inclination angle/ lateral speed, angle of secondary curvature/mean loading point Y. Among the correlations with eyes closed six were positive: angle of primary curvature/anteroposterior speed, torso inclination angle/mean loading point X, angle of primary curvature/ average speed, angle of primary curvature/ path length, absolute value shoulders angle line/mean loading point X, absolute value pelvic inclination angle/lateral speed, and one was negative: angle of secondary curvature/ mean loading point Y. Among the correlations with eyes open (OE) only three negative correlations occurred: absolute value angle of secondary curvature/mean loading point X, depth of secondary curvature/ mean loading point X, length of secondary curvature/mean loading point X.
Rogue Wave and Breather Structures with “High Frequency” and “Low Frequency” in 𝒫𝒯-Symmetric Nonlinear Couplers with Gain and Loss
Authors: Yu Dang-Jun , Zhang Jie-Fang 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Based on the modified Darboux transformation method, starting from zero solution and the plane wave solution, the hierarchies of rational solutions and breather solutions with “high frequency” and “low frequency” of the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation in parity-time symmetric nonlinear couplers with gain and loss are constructed, respectively. From these results, some basic characteristics of multi-rogue waves and multi-breathers are studied. Based on the property of rogue wave as the “quantum” of pattern structure in rogue wave hierarchy, we further study the novel structures of the superposed Akhmediev breathers, Kuznetsov-Ma solitons and their combined structures. It is expected that these results may give new insight into the context of the optical communications and Bose-Einstein condensations.
Interconversion of Prenyl Pyrophosphates and Subsequent Reactions in the Presence of FMC 57020
Authors: Sandmann Gerhard , Böger Peter 
Published: August 2016

In vitro studies of the influence of FMC 57020 on terpenoid biosynthesis have shown that this herbicide acts at an early stage. It affects the conversion of isopentenyl pyrophosphate to geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate catalyzed by isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase and prenyl transferase. An inhibition of the carotenogenic enzymes phytoene desaturase, ζ-carotene desaturase, and lycopene cyclase could be excluded.
Comparison of I50 values for in vivo chlorophyll, carotenoid, ergosterol and gibberellin biosynthesis as well as in vitro formation of phytoene. phytol and kaurene in various autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms have shown that terpenoid biosynthesis in the chloroplast is much stronger affected than extraplastidic terpenoid formation.
Ascorbic Acid and Glutathione Contents of Spruce Needles from Different Locations in Bavaria
Authors: Osswald W. F. , Senger H. , Elstner E. F. 
Published: August 2016

Spruce Decline, Ascorbic Acid, Glutathione Green and bleached needles or needle segments were analyzed for their ascorbic acid and glutathione contents. All bleached needles or segments exhibited higher amounts of both sub­ stances as com pared to green controls.
The physiological significance of the increase in ascorbic acid and in glutathione is discussed in content with their roles as antioxidants.
Control of light-dependent keto carotenoid biosynthesis inNostoc7120 by the transcription factor NtcA
Authors: Sandmann Gerhard , Mautz Jürgen , Breitenbach Jürgen 
Published: August 2016

AbstractInNostocPCC 7120, two different ketolases, CrtW and CrtO are involved in the formation of keto carotenoids from β-carotene. In contrast to other cyanobacteria, CrtW catalyzes the formation of monoketo echinenone whereas CrtO is the only enzyme for the synthesis of diketo canthaxanthin. This is the major photo protective carotenoid in this cyanobacterium. Under high-light conditions, basic canthaxanthin formation was transcriptionally up-regulated. Upon transfer to high light, the transcript levels of all investigated carotenogenic genes including those coding for phytoene synthase, phytoene desaturase and both ketolases were increased. These transcription changes proceeded via binding of the transcription factor NtcA to the promoter regions of the carotenogenic genes. The binding was absolutely dependent on the presence of reductants and oxo-glutarate. Light-stimulated transcript formation was inhibited by DCMU. Therefore, photosynthetic electron transport is proposed as the sensor for high-light and a changing redox state as a signal for NtcA binding.
Preparation and Characterization of Al2O3 Doped TiO2 Nanocomposites Prepared from Simple Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Sriharan N. , Muthukumarasamy N. , Senthil T.S. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Al2O3 doped TiO2 samples were prepared by the simple sol-gel method. The prepared samples were annealed at 400°C for 1 h in an open air atmosphere. The dielectric properties, AC electrical conductivity (σac), dielectric constant (ε′), dielectric loss (ε″) and the loss tangent (tan δ) of the prepared Al2O3 doped TiO2 nanocomposites were studied under a wide frequency and temperature range. The dielectric loss values of the prepared samples were measured at 50 Hz and 5 MHz and the values were found to be in the range of 0.11–1.73 at 40°C and 0.13–4.39 at 100°C. The microstructures of the prepared samples were also studied using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis.
Relaxation of Multiple Quantum NMR Coherences in Quasi-One-Dimensional Spin Systems
Authors: Bochkin Georgy A. , Fel’dman Edward B. , Vasil’ev Sergey G. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Dynamics and relaxation of the multiple quantum (MQ) NMR coherences of the zeroth and second orders are studied experimentally and theoretically in a quasi-one-dimensional chain of nuclear spins 19F in calcium fluorapatite. The dependencies of the intensities of those coherences on the time of the preparation period of the MQ NMR experiment is obtained. A good agreement of the experiment with theoretical predictions is demonstrated. Dipolar relaxation of the MQ NMR coherences is investigated on the evolution period of the MQ NMR experiment. A theory of dipolar relaxation of the MQ NMR coherences is developed for the model in which only the ZZ part of the secular dipole–dipole interactions is taken into account (ZZ model). It is shown that the MQ NMR coherence of the zeroth order is not subject to dipolar relaxation in the ZZ model. The experimental data qualitatively agree with the results of the developed theory for the MQ NMR coherence of the second order.
Risk Factors for Hip Osteoarthritis: Insight for the Strength and Conditioning Professional
Authors: Kolber Morey J. , Hanney William J. , Cheatham Scott W. , Salamh Paul A. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
HIP OSTEOARTHRITIS (OA) WILL AFFECT APPROXIMATELY 25% OF THE POPULATION AT SOME POINT IN THEIR LIFETIME. ALTHOUGH THE ETIOLOGY OF HIP OA IS MULTIFACTORIAL, RISK FACTORS SEEM TO HAVE A ROLE IN BOTH THE INCIDENCE AND ESCALATION OF SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS. THIS ARTICLE PRESENTS AN OVERVIEW OF RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HIP OA. EVIDENCE UNDERPINNING AND REFUTING SOME OF THE COMMONLY PURPORTED RISK FACTORS IS DISCUSSED WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF PROVIDING THE STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING PROFESSIONAL WITH EVIDENCE-BASED RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THEIR CLIENTS.
The Split Alternating Foot Snatch
Authors: Hedrick Allen 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
THE SNATCH IS ONE OF 2 LIFTS IN THE SPORT OF WEIGHTLIFTING. THE SPLIT CATCH POSITION WAS THE TECHNIQUE OF CHOICE IN THE PAST. HOWEVER, VIRTUALLY ALL WEIGHTLIFTING ATHLETES NOW CATCH THE SNATCH IN A SQUAT POSITION. WITH ATHLETES IN SPORTS OTHER THAN WEIGHTLIFTING THERE MAY BE ADVANTAGES IN CATCHING IN AN ALTERNATING SPLIT POSITION.
Statistical Use in Applied Sport Research: Methodological and Ethical Challenges
Authors: Shalfawi Shaher A. I. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
ONE OF THE MAJOR ISSUES IN THE FIELD OF APPLIED SPORT SCIENCE RESEARCH IS ASSOCIATED WITH RESEARCHERS DRAWING BIASED CONCLUSIONS CAUSED BY INCORRECT DATA ANALYSIS AND/OR EXPLANATIONS OF THE RESULTS. THE PURPOSE OF THIS ARTICLE IS INTENDED TO ADDRESS THE ISSUE FROM THE RESEARCHER'S METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH AND ETHICAL STANDPOINT.
The Impact of Laterality on Soccer Performance
Authors: Petro Bela , Szabo Attila 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
THE PURPOSE OF THIS ANALYSIS IS TO DETERMINE WHETHER THERE IS A LEFT FOOT ADVANTAGE IN SOCCER PERFORMANCE. THE OUTCOME OF THE REVIEWED ARTICLES SUGGESTS THAT THERE IS A LEFT FOOT ADVANTAGE IN SOCCER, NO MATTER HOW SMALL THAT MAY BE. NEVERTHELESS, THIS CONCLUSION MAY BE TENTATIVE BECAUSE LITTLE WORK WAS CONDUCTED IN THIS AREA AND THE FOCUS IS VERY DIVERSE. THE CURRENT REVIEW RAISES IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR FUTURE WORK. THE EXAMINATION OF THE TEMPORAL OCCLUSION PARADIGM AND THE COMPARISON OF SPATIAL ORIENTATIONS AND THE ATTENTIONAL ABILITIES OF RIGHT- AND LEFT-FOOTED SOCCER PLAYERS MAY GENERATE EMPIRICAL WORK IN THE FIELD.
Training Doctors to Manage Patients with Multimorbidity: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lewis Cliona , Wallace Emma , Kyne Lorraine , Cullen Walter , Smith Susan M. 
Published: August 2016

Background Patients with multimorbidity (two or more chronic conditions) are now the norm in clinical practice, and place an increasing burden on the healthcare system. Management of these patients is challenging, and requires doctors who are skilled in the complexity of multiple chronic diseases. Objective To perform a systematic review of the literature to ascertain whether there are education and training formats which have been used to train postgraduate medical doctors in the management of patients with multimorbidity in primary and/or secondary care, and which have been shown to improve knowledge, skills, attitudes, and/or patient outcomes. Methods Overall, 75,110 citations were screened, of which 65 full-text articles were then independently assessed for eligibility by two reviewers, and two studies met the inclusion criteria for the review. Results The two included studies implemented and evaluated multimorbidity workshops, and highlight the need for further research addressing the learning needs of doctors tasked with managing patients with multimorbidity in their daily practice. Conclusion While much has been published about the challenges presented to medical staff by patients with multimorbidity, published research regarding education of doctors to manage these problems is lacking. Further research is required to determine whether there is a need for, or benefit from, specific training for doctors to manage patients with multimorbidity. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42013004010.
Stress hormone release is a key component of the metabolic response to lipopolysaccharide: studies in hypopituitary and healthy subjects
Authors: Bach Ermina , Møller Andreas B , Jørgensen Jens O L , Vendelbo Mikkel H , Jessen Niels , Pedersen Steen B , Nielsen Thomas S , Møller Niels 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveAcute and chronic inflammatory and metabolic responses are generated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) during acute illness and in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, but whether these responses depend on intact pituitary release of hormones are not clearly identified. We compared the metabolic effects of LPS in hypopituitary patients (HPs) (in the absence of growth hormone (GH) and ACTH responses) and healthy control subjects (CTR) (with normal pituitary hormone responses).DesignSingle-blind randomized.MethodsWe compared the effects of LPS on glucose, protein and lipid metabolism in eight HP and eight matched CTR twice during 4-h basal and 2-h hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp conditions with muscle and fat biopsies in each period during infusion with saline or LPS.ResultsLPS increased cortisol and GH levels in CTR but not in HP. Also, it increased whole-body palmitate fluxes (3-fold) and decreased palmitate-specific activity (SA) 40–50% in CTR, but not in HP. G(0)/G(1) Switch Gene 2 (G0S2 – an inhibitor of lipolysis) adipose tissue (AT) mRNA was decreased in CTR. Although LPS increased phenylalanine fluxes significantly more in CTR, there was no difference in glucose metabolism between groups and intramyocellular insulin signaling was unaltered in both groups.ConclusionsLPS increased indices of lipolysis and amino acid/protein fluxes significantly more in CTR compared with HP and decreased adipocyte G0S2 mRNA only in CTR. Thus, in humans intact pituitary function and appropriate cortisol and GH release are crucial components of the metabolic response to LPS.