bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance Enhancement of Solar Still Couples With Solar Water Heater by Using Different PCM's and Nanoparticle Combinations
Authors: Gupta Santosh Kumar , Kumar Devesh 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe majority of the water on Earth roughly 97% is contaminated or salty, only 3% is fresh water, and only 1% of pure water is easily available for human use. In rural areas and remote locations suffering from pure drinking water scarcity.Water purification techniques are generally dependent on electricity, which relies on coal and gas plants, these poses a risk to the environment and society. Solar desalination is being recognized as the most practical way to deal with the scarcity of pure drinking water in all aspects of sustainable development. This paper describes the creation of a single slope solar still (SSSS) using opaque and crystal‐clear toughened glass with a thickness of 6 mm as a cover and also another setup of a single slope phase change material (PCM)‐based solar still (MSSSS). In this paper, a flat plate solar collector coupled with water heater is used to enhance the productivity of still. In this study, an experimental model has been developed to experimentally analyze exercise productivity performance of SSSS and MSSSS of MMIT Kushinagar, India on April 10, 2023 to April 15, 2023. Combination of stearic acid, lauric acid, and paraffin wax combined with CuO (nanoadditive) is used to enhance the solar still productivity. Also, basin temperature for different PCM's such as paraffin wax, lauric acid, and stearic acid are compared. Different combinations of PCM's and nanoadditives are compared to find the better productivity. It is observed that maximum output is obtained at 3:00 p.m. afternoon on experimental setup. Paraffin wax, stearic acid, and lauric acid still increases productivity by 38.8%, 20.3%, and 30.5%, respectively, when compared to simple solar still. On experimentation of various combinations, it is found that the use of PCM paraffin wax and nanoadditives CuO gives 55% better productivity compared to other combinations. This innovative system is suitable and ideal for desalinating water in isolated and rural locations with low traffic and limited demand.
Benefits of simulation on multidisciplinary management of severe pre‐eclampsia/severe eclampsia in 15 health districts in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo: A randomized educational trial
Authors: Cikwanine Jean Paul Buhendwa , Yoyu Jonathan Tunangoya , Mapatano Emile Shalamba , Lebdai Souhil , Mukwege Denis , Martin Ludovic 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to assess the benefits of simulation for advancing knowledge and assisting healthcare staff in optimization of procedures when managing severe pre‐eclampsia/eclampsia (sPE/E).MethodsA randomized educational trial was conducted with two groups: Group I received theoretical training, while group II received the same training along with simulation scenarios based on the management of sPE/E. The study involved 199 healthcare providers, including physicians, midwives, skilled birth attendants, and nurses. The study analyzed the percentage of correct answers on both the multiple‐choice questions (MCQ) and the objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE) to evaluate theoretical knowledge and clinical skills objectively.ResultsStatistically significant differences were found immediately after training between groups I and II, whose mean percentages were 65.0% (±11.2) versus 71.0% (±9.8) (P < 0.001). A statistically significant reduction in the percentage of correct answers was found in both groups and demonstrated a discrepancy between immediate post‐training test and post‐training test at 3 months scores of 11.6% (±1.3) in group I versus 7.2% (±0.6) in group II. OSCE1 and OSCE2 scores were significantly higher in group II than in group I (P < 0.001).ConclusionSimulation combined with theoretical training would appear to be an interesting method of training for advancing knowledge and improving skills of healthcare providers in their management of sPE/E. Our goal is for this method to be used to reduce real‐life maternal mortality in the South Kivu region of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Effects of management of heavy menstrual bleeding of patients undergoing haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Han Ruxue , Zhang Feifeng , Jiang Xiaolin , Wang Chaohua , Yang Xin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the benefits of menstrual management in women undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), in whom heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) can be an underestimated bleeding complication.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study. Patients who had undergone HSCT in the Gynecological Endocrinology Clinic of Peking University People's Hospital were included over 10 years. The data of hematology and menstruation for all participants were collected. The management methods of the intervention group include gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa), combined oral contraceptives (COC), or low‐dose mifepristone. Patients who did not receive management were included in the control group.ResultsThere were 112 patients included in the intervention group and 218 patients included in the control group. In all, 90.0%(297/330) of patients presented with HMB before HSCT. In the control group, 83.5%(182/218) of patients experienced menstruation in the laminar air‐flow room (LAFR), whereas only 22.3%(25/112) did in the intervention group. After leaving the LAFR, the incidence of recurrent uterine bleeding was significantly reduced in the intervention group (17.9%(20/112/) versus 50.9%(111/218), p < 0.001). Patients who did not undergo menstrual management had a higher risk of bleeding than those who did (odds ratio 18.12, p < 0.001).ConclusionMenstrual management significantly reduces the incidence of HMB in HSCT patients and acts as a protective factor to prevent menstrual bleeding in the LAFR.
Gender differences in adolescents' life satisfaction: A replication study in Kazakhstan
Authors: Brisson Romain , Adayeva Assel , Abdrakhmanova Shynar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionWhether adolescents' life satisfaction varies with gender is unclear. In a recently published study, Brisson et al. found unadjusted mean scores of life satisfaction to be higher in boys than in girls in Luxembourg, a country ranking high in gender‐equality indexes. However, gender was no longer predictive of life satisfaction when well‐identified predictors of life satisfaction were included in the model. The present work aimed to replicate Brisson et al.'s study in Kazakhstan, a less gender‐equal country than Luxembourg, and test the gender‐equality‐paradox hypothesis.MethodsWe used cross‐sectional data from the Health‐Behavior in School‐aged Children study conducted in 2022 to mirror Brisson et al.'s study design. We relied on a nationally representative sample of 7369 school attendees in Kazakhstan (MAGE = 13.4; SDAGE = 1.7; 52.3% female). We performed general linear modeling analyses to achieve our research goals.Results and ConclusionsIn keeping with Brisson et al.'s study, we found unadjusted mean scores of life satisfaction to be higher in boys than in girls. The magnitude of the gender gap was lower in Kazakhstan than in Luxembourg. In contrast to Brisson et al.'s study, controlling for well‐identified predictors of life satisfaction did not annul the gap in question but changed its sign. This result suggests that, ceteris paribus, girls were more satisfied with their life than boys. Overall, our replication study supports the gender‐equality‐paradox hypothesis. Future studies may investigate whether this paradox stems from gendered criteria of life satisfaction assessment and/or sociobiological differences in health profiles.
Antioxidant enzyme Prdx1 inhibits osteoclastogenesis via suppressing ROS and NFATc1 signaling pathways
Authors: Wang Chao , Wang Gang , Song Fangming , Zhao Jinmin , Liu Qian , Xu Jiake 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBone is a dynamic organ which continuously undergoes remodeling throughout one's lifetime. Cellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is essential for regulating bone homeostasis. Osteoclasts, multinucleated giant cells differentiated from macrophage lineage, are responsible for osteolytic bone conditions which are closely linked to ROS signaling pathways. In this study, an anti‐ROS enzyme, peroxiredoxin 1 (Prdx1) was found to be expressed both in bone marrow macrophages and osteoclasts. Recombinant Prdx1 protein was found to dose‐dependently inhibit ROS production and osteoclast differentiation. Mechanistically, Prdx1 protein also attenuated NFATc1 activation as well as the expression of C‐Fos, V‐ATPase‐d2, Cathepsin K, and Integrin αV. Collectively, Prdx1 is a negative regulator on osteoclast formation via inhibiting RANKL‐mediated ROS activity, thus suggesting its potential application for treating osteoclast related disorders.
Clinical genetic counselors' use of people‐ and identity‐first language in regard to patients' identification with disability
Authors: Lepard Tiffany , Dugan Mary , Cleveland Elizabeth , Menke Chelsea 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe language surrounding disabilities has evolved from derogatory terms to the adoption of people‐first language. However, identity‐first language is being advocated for by some within the disability community. Using the preferred terminology is crucial to demonstrate respect and prevent stigmatization, especially in healthcare settings like genetic counseling, where language can impact relationships with the community. However, the specific language practices of genetic counselors and their underlying reasons are unclear. This qualitative study explored the language practices employed by genetic counselors when interacting with individuals with disabilities. Fifteen interviews were conducted with genetic counselors who had clinical experience. Reflexive thematic analysis revealed that the perceptions and practices about language used with patients and disability communities overall varied, with overarching themes of people‐first language is the preferred and default language, counselors mirror patient language with some exceptions, acknowledging the evolving nature of language, recognizing differences in language preferences, and reacting to outdated terminology. These findings show the importance of continuing education to stay abreast of preferred verbiage within communities and individual patients.
Epidemiology and molecular evolution of GI.1 sapovirus in the recent era
Authors: Hoque Sheikh A. , Akari Yuki , Khamrin Pattara , Phan Tung , Onda Yuko , Okitsu Shoko , Komoto Satoshi , Hayakawa Satoshi , Komine‐ Aizawa Shihoko , Yuki Yoshikazu , Kiyono Hiroshi , Ushijima Hiroshi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSapovirus (SaV) infection is increasing worldwide. Herein, we provided evidence of a significant increase in SaV infection in Japan during 2010–2022, primarily due to the considerable (p = 0.0003) rise of the GI.1 genotype. Furthermore, we found that all major and minor SaV outbreaks in Japan, including the largest SaV outbreak in 2021–2022, were caused by the GI.1 genotype. Therefore, to get insight into the underlying molecular mechanism behind this rising trend of the SaV GI.1 type, we selected 15 SaV GI.1 outbreak strains for complete genome analysis through next‐generation sequencing. Phylogenetically, our strains remained clustered in different branches in lineages I and II among the GI.1 genotype. We showed all amino acid (aa) substitutions in different open reading frames (ORFs) in these strains. Importantly, we have demonstrated that the strains involved in the largest SaV outbreak in Japan in 2021–2022 belonged to lineage II and possessed the third ORF. We have identified some unique aa mutations in these major outbreak strains in the NS1 and NS6‐NS7 regions that are thought to be associated with viral pathogenicity, cell tropism, and epidemiological competence. Thus, in addition to enriching the database of SaV's complete sequences, this study provides insights into its important mutations.
Mid‐Infrared Hyperuniform Disordered Solids Waveguide Devices with Morphology Engineering and Wall‐Network Regulation
Authors: Chen Si , Sun Yuhan , Zhang Hong , Xu Tianping , Zhang Zunyue , Han Qun , Liu Tiegen , Zou Yi , Cheng Zhenzhou 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHyperuniform disordered solids (HUDS) waveguides, a type of emerging artificial photonic bandgap (PBG) devices, are demonstrated to possess large, complete, and isotropic PBGs, being promising for developing applications in optoelectronics, nonlinear optics, and sensing. However, optical losses of HUDS waveguides are usually limited by giant light scattering from the irregular distribution of HUDS cells. Herein, HUDS waveguide devices are demonstrated with low optical losses and large PBGs by exploring a morphology‐engineering and wall‐network‐regulation method of developing HUDS structures. The results show that the proposed device can achieve a 3.0 dB transmittance improvement for a 36‐µm‐long silicon HUDS waveguide. Based on the proposed HUDS structure, a waveguide‐coupled HUDS‐cladding nanocavity is also demonstrated with a quality factor of ≈70 at 2.250 µm wavelengths and a theoretical refractive index sensitivity of 446 nm RIU−1. The study opens an avenue to develop intriguing HUDS waveguide devices for on‐chip applications.
Investigation on Air Drag Reduction and Stabilisation of Bionic Multiscale Wetting Gradient Surfaces
Authors: Xu Jing , Yang Junyan , Zhang GuiMing , Mahfoudi Wissal , Lian Jiadi 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTConsidering the rapid liquid transport characteristics of bionic dragonfly wings, an experimental investigation into the stability and drag reduction properties of an air film on various textured surfaces is being conducted. The study examines the impact of different wetting gradient textures on the stability and drag reduction properties of air film. Experimental results demonstrate an enhanced fluid transport efficiency, resulting in a maximum drag reduction of 9.1%, attributed to the size effect of the multi‐scale structure of bionic dragonfly wings. Surfaces featuring wetting gradients exhibit increased stability of the air film within the texture and the ability to trap air bubbles. Based on a near‐wall flow two‐phase flow theory model, the simulation considers the morphological changes of the air film at structured interfaces and their influence on near‐wall flow characteristics. The results indicate that the drag reduction effect arise from the slippage effect between the internal vortex in the air film inside the texture and the flow field near the wall surface. The synergistic effect of near‐wall flow fields among multiple texture layers is evident. This interplay across different regions contributes to the sustained drag reduction within the near wall area.
Output feedback control of anti‐linear systems using adaptive dynamic programming
Authors: Yu Li , Wang Hai 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces an adaptive optimal feedback control approach for discrete‐time anti‐linear systems (ALSs). The method utilizes sampling and measurable input–output data. By employing the Adaptive Dynamic Programming (ADP) technique, this study iteratively solves the discrete‐time algebraic Anti‐Riccati equation (AARE). Initially, an output feedback model is established for ALSs, and a model‐based algorithm is developed based on this model. The feasibility of this algorithm is based on the premise that the system dynamic information is completely known. Subsequently, for the scenario where the model is unknown, we further developed a model‐free ADP algorithm specifically designed to address optimal control problems in the presence of model uncertainty. With this algorithm, we achieve effective control optimization even in cases where detailed system dynamics information is lacking. Finally, through simulation experiments, we validated the feasibility and effectiveness of this algorithm.
A spring‐mass chain multi‐body approach for modeling yarn balloon dynamics in ring spinning
Authors: Perez‐Delgado Yves Jesus , Beitelschmidt Michael , Hossain Mahmud , Cherif Chokri , Abdkader Anwar , Baloochi Mostafa , Hühne Ruben 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe ring spinning technology is widely used in the textile industry to produce high‐quality yarn. One of the challenges for higher productivity is the limited spindle speed due to friction in its conventional ring/traveler twisting system. However, it was recently shown that a superconducting magnetic bearing twisting system might overcome this limitation due to significantly reduced friction, which allows the use of higher spindle speeds and thereby increases productivity.To analyze the impact of speed increments on the yarn formation, it is crucial to model the yarn balloon dynamics. This is of particular importance as new challenges arise for such high‐speed processes, including the increase in yarn tension due to higher centrifugal forces and increased air resistance of the yarn itself.Therefore, in this work, a model based on a chain of springs and masses as an alternative to traditional continuous models was developed. In the proposed model, each mass corresponds to a yarn segment, while the springs represent the interactions between adjacent segments. This discrete approach allows for a simplified simulation of the three‐dimensional yarn balloon dynamics, leading to a reduced computational load, which allows to analyze the yarn path more easily under different conditions.
Ultraviolet curing technology plus chemical copper plating: A novel method for producing highly durable fabric‐based flexible circuit
Authors: Zhang Maojiang , Cui Kexin , Zhang Xinwei , Wang Jinghua , Wang Minglei , Wu Yanfu , Dong Chunlei , Gan Jie , Hu Jiangtao , Wu Guozhong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe construction of flexible circuits is a crucial and challenging aspect in the design and fabrication of fabric‐based flexible electronics, which hold significant potential for various applications. In this study, we successfully developed high‐precision and durable fabric‐based flexible circuits by ingeniously combining ultraviolet light (UV)‐curing technology with chemical plating. Specifically, a UV coating containing Ag/Fe3O4 catalysts was applied onto polyester fabric surface, followed by printing the designed circuit structure diagram onto the fabric using UV light‐directed curing of the coating, and fabric‐based flexible circuits were then fabricated through chemical plating process. The fabric‐based flexible circuits exhibit only minimal increases in resistance following durability testing, including bending (8000 times), abrasion (2000 times), high and low temperature stability (−30 to 60°C), and high temperature/humidity stability (65°C, RH = 95%, 48 h), which remains consistently stable. This developed technology holds immense potential across various applications for smart wearable devices.
Electrophoretic Deposition of Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes: The Key Role of Plasma Functionalization and Polymerization
Authors: Hein Lynn , Coulombe Sylvain , Cecere Renzo , Mongrain Rosaire 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe electrophoretic deposition of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) has been well‐researched; however, preparatory steps lead to MWCNT coating contamination and deposits often have weak adhesion to the substrate. This work targets these two weaknesses. First, MWCNTs were functionalized by nonthermal, radiofrequency plasma, producing oxygenated MWCNTs (O‐MWCNTs), with which water‐based suspensions were prepared. Second, an ethane‐based plasma polymer was applied on the metallic substrate as an interlayer to improve coating adhesion. O‐MWCNT coatings were produced at 5–40 V for 1–60 min. Homogeneous coatings with thicknesses up to 10 µm were achieved, the composition was 90‐95 at% carbon with the balance element being oxygen, and coating adhesion without damage was confirmed for shear stresses up to 16 Pa.
Revolutionizing cancer treatment: The role of radiopharmaceuticals in modern cancer therapy
Authors: Varghese Treesa P. , John Anish , Mathew Jithin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRadiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) is a precision medicine approach that involves the targeted delivery of radioactive atoms to tumor cells, representing a breakthrough strategy for cancer treatment. Radiopharmaceuticals typically consist of a small amount of radioactive material, a radionuclide, paired with a chemical that specifically targets the cell. Some radionuclides naturally target specific cells or biological processes without the need for modification. RPT is a novel cancer treatment method that offers various advantages over current traditional treatment approaches. One of the primary advantages of RPT is its ability to target cancer cells, including those in metastatic areas. Another key advantage of RPT is that radiation can be delivered systemically, locally, or physiologically to specific cells internally rather than being applied externally. Moreover, radiotracer imaging can be utilized to determine radiopharmaceutical absorption in target tissues before providing a therapeutic dose. Compared to all other cancer treatment approaches, RPT has demonstrated high efficacy with minimal toxicity. The recent approval of multiple RPT medicines by the US Food and Drug Administration highlights the tremendous potential of this treatment. This article provides a detailed review of RPT, including insights into manufacturing procedures, safety measures, and its applications in cancer therapy.
Predicting clinically significant prostate cancer in elderly patients: A nomogram approach with shear wave elastography
Authors: Liu Xiang , Zhu Jia , Shi Meng‐Qi , Pan Yong‐Sheng , Cao Xin‐Yu , Zhang Zhong‐Xin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study was to construct a nomogram utilizing shear wave elastography and assess its efficacy in detecting clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa).Methods290 elderly people with suspected PCa who received prostate biopsy and shear wave elastography (SWE) imaging were respectively registered from April 2022 to December 2023. The elderly participants were stratified into two groups: those with csPCa and those without csPCa, which encompassed cases of clinically insignificant prostate cancer (cisPCa) and non‐prostate cancer tissue, as determined by pathology findings. The LASSO algorithm, known as the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, was utilized to identify features. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to establish models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves were utilized to evaluate the discriminatory ability of the nomogram. Bootstrap (1000 bootstrap iterations) was employed for internal validation and comparison with two models. A decision curve and a clinical impact curve were employed to assess the clinical usefulness.ResultsOur nomogram, which contained Emean, ΔEmean, prostate volume, prostate‐specific antigen density (PSAD), and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), showed better discrimination (AUC = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.83−0.94), compared to the clinical model without SWE parameters (p = 0.0007). Its accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were 0.83, 0.89 and 0.78, respectively. Based on the analysis of decision curve, the thresholds ranged from 5% to 90%. According to our nomogram, biopsying patients at a 20% probability threshold resulted in a 25% reduction in biopsies without missing any csPCa. The clinical impact curve demonstrated that the nomogram's predicted outcome is closer to the observed outcome when the probability threshold reaches 20% or greater.ConclusionOur nomogram demonstrates efficacy in identifying elderly individuals with clinically significant prostate cancer, thereby facilitating informed clinical decision‐making based on diagnostic outcomes and potential clinical benefits.