bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incompatibilities and seclusion of patients with an autism spectrum disorder detained in high-secure psychiatric care
Authors: Murphy David , Bush Emma-Louise , Puzzo Ignazio 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
Whilst individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) represent a relatively small proportion of patients detained in high-secure psychiatric care (HSPC), previous research suggests that such individuals present with difficulties and needs significantly different from non-ASD patient groups. However, to date, there has not been any formal examination of how individuals with an ASD are represented in records of key risk management actions (i.e. seclusions and incompatibilities with other patients). The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
An observation of hospital data examining two key risk management actions for a group of individuals with an ASD is detained in one HSPC hospital. These include the number of formal incompatibilities with other patients and the number of, and hours in, seclusion. Both actions require extra staff and security provisions and can decelerate the rehabilitation and recovery process.

Findings
In addition to suggesting an overall increase in the general prevalence of ASD within the hospital compared to previous estimates, individuals with an ASD appear to have a disproportionately higher number of incompatibilities with other patients compared to those patients without an ASD and experience more and longer periods of seclusions.

Originality/value
Although the methodological limitations of the study are acknowledged, explanations for the findings are discussed along with future research and recommendations as to how ASD patients might be best managed in the hospital. It is argued that the findings add further support for a specialist ASD service within HSPC.
Football teams for people with intellectual disabilities living in the community: “it helps your self-esteem and that, don’t it?”
Authors: White Rose , Lister Katherine , Northend Kristian , Moore Stephen , Rayner Kelly 
Published: October 2017

PurposePeople with intellectual disabilities (ID) can be vulnerable to developing mental health problems. It has been found that participating in regular exercise can help to improve emotional well-being, both in typically developing people and those with ID. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the experiences of community clients with ID who have engaged in a football training programme, and the perceived impacts on attitudes, mood and behaviour.Design/methodology/approachInterviews with seven patients from generic or forensic community ID services were conducted. The transcripts were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.FindingsTwo master themes were identified from the interviews, “Striving” and “Togetherness”.Originality/valueThe most important factors related to taking part in the football programme were the social, emotional and personal growth associated with being part of a team and general enjoyment of being part of something. Although aspects of football knowledge and physical fitness were still evident, their impact seemed to be less significant. The experience of football was overwhelmingly positive.
A review of the pharmacological management of sexually offending behaviour in learning disabled offenders
Authors: Sloan Stephanie , Brewster Eleanor 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe management of sexual offending is a major challenge, particularly in men who have an intellectual disability. Psychological therapies have been shown beneficial, and programmes designed for use in the general population have been adapted for use in offenders who have an intellectual disability. There is also a role for pharmacological management, although the quality of evidence for this is noticeably lacking, most likely associated with the ethical and legal issues encountered in conducting well designed and controlled trials in this area. The purpose of this paper is to look at the pharmacological management options available.Design/methodology/approachA literature search of electronic databases was undertaken. Additionally, the references lists for identified papers were examined for any further relevant publications.FindingsThe two main categories of drugs used in the management of inappropriate sexual behaviour are the testosterone-lowering drugs and the psychotropic drugs. Most trials were open and utilised self-report measures of drug effectiveness, limiting their usefulness. Most trials noted beneficial effect. Side effect profiles and patient adherence can limit the effectiveness of anti-libidinal medication in practice.Originality/valueThere is very limited evidence available for the use of pharmacological agents in the management of inappropriate sexual behaviour, owing to the lack of adequately controlled clinical trials. New studies are therefore required, particularly of larger sample sizes, longer durations, and examining characteristics of those who benefit from pharmacological treatment, although the ethical issues of conducting such studies is duly acknowledged.
Investigating occupational disidentification: a resource loss perspective
Authors: Bentein Kathleen , Guerrero Sylvie , Jourdain Geneviève , Chênevert Denis 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of occupational disidentification through the lens of conservation of resources (COR) theory (Hobfoll, 1989, 1998). Occupational disidentification is conceptualized as a coping strategy, or an investment of resources to cope with poor perceived prestige of the occupation, which represents a threat to an individual’s resource: one’s self-esteem. However, occupational disidentification, as an avoidance coping strategy, generates a loss of cognitive and emotional resources leading to emotional exhaustion and, in turn, departure from the organization.

Design/methodology/approach
The research hypotheses are tested among two samples of employees working in health and social services (Study 1, N=544), and in home care services (Study 2, N=113). Measures of employees’ attitudes were collected at the same time, and turnover was collected 18 months (Study 1) and 12 months (Study 2) later.

Findings
Research hypotheses are all supported. Occupational disidentification partially mediates the occupational prestige-emotional exhaustion relationship, and emotional exhaustion partially mediates the occupational disidentification-turnover intention relationship. Perceived organizational support moderates the negative relationship between perceived occupational prestige and occupational disidentification.

Originality/value
The main contribution of this study is the conceptualization of occupational disidentification within the theoretical framework of COR. In that vein, the study provides: a deeper understanding of the mechanisms explaining and buffering occupational disidentification, and empirical evidence of the key role of emotional exhaustion to explain the consequences of occupational disidentification.
The long tail of search and topical queries in public libraries
Authors: Oliphant Tami , Shiri Ali 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to elaborate the long tail of topical search queries, including the influence of current events, posed to a large, urban public library discovery system.

Design/methodology/approach
Search queries from the months of June, July, August and September 2014 (1,488,339 total queries) were collected from the Edmonton Public Library’s BiblioCommons database using Google Analytics and exported to Excel. The data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics, frequency counts and textual analysis to explicate the long tail of search, (including the most popular searches) and to explore the relationship between topical search queries and current events.

Findings
The findings support the long tail theory, as the aggregate tail of topical search queries comprised the vast majority of the total searches and current events exert some influence on the nature and frequency of topical searches.

Research limitations/implications
Data collection was limited to four months of the year; thus, comparisons across the year cannot be made. There are practical implications for public libraries in terms of marketing and collections, as well as for improving catalogue functionality, to support user search behaviour.

Originality/value
Not much research attention has been focused on the nature of topical search queries in public libraries compared to academic libraries and the Web. The findings contribute to developing insight into the divergent interests of intergenerational public library users and the topics of materials they are searching for.
Intersectionality, mental health and Chinese people in the UK: a qualitative exploration
Authors: Tang Lynn , Pilgrim David 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide qualitative evidence from the experience of Chinese service users in the UK to expand the literature on the use of intersectionality analysis in research on the mental health of ethnic minority groups.

Design/methodology/approach
Repeated in-depth life-history interviews were carried out with 22 participants. Interviews were analysed using the constant comparative method.

Findings
Four areas of life are identified for their possible negative impact on mental health for this minority group: labour market and work conditions, marriage and family, education, and ageing. The findings illustrate how these intersecting variables may shape the social conditions this ethnic minority group face. For this ethnic minority group in the UK, inequalities can intersect at national as well as transnational level.

Originality/value
This paper highlights how power relations and structural inequalities including class, gender, age and ethnicity could be drawn upon to understand the interplay of determinants of mental health for ethnic minority groups. As the multi-factorial social forces are closely related to the emergence of poor mental health, it is suggested that interventions to reduce mental health problems in ethnic minority communities should be multi-level and not limited to individualised service responses.
Optimal design of a cylindrical composite panel of piecewise constant thickness
Authors: Belybekyan Ernest , Poghosyan Arevshat , Sharkhatunyan Hayk 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the problem of optimizing geometrical and physical parameters of a stepped shell that maximize its rigidity and strength for given overall shell dimensions and fixed weight equal to the weight of a shell of constant thickness.

Design/methodology/approach
A mathematical model of the construction’s stress-strain state is described by solving a system of differential equations for each of the constituent parts of the shell, conjugation conditions on the division lines and boundary conditions. The stated optimization problem is reduced to a nonlinear programming problem, which is solved by the deformable polyhedron method in combination with the method of direct search and using the parallel computing package in the Wolfram Mathematica software application.

Findings
As follows from the results of the calculation, optimizing the shell parameters allows for a substantial increase in rigidity (decrease of the greatest deflection) and strength (increase of the load-carrying capacity) of the shell of constant stepwise thickness, as opposed to a shell of constant thickness, with constant weight and dimensions.

Originality/value
A problem of optimal design of a cylindrical composite panel of piecewise constant thickness is solved in the presented work. Numerical examples demonstrate that a substantial increase in rigidity and strength of a stepped composite shell can be achieved by the optimal choice of its geometrical and physical parameters.
Despair and hope: cinematic identity in Hong Kong of the 2000s
Authors: Lee Joseph Tse-Hei 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The goal of this article is to examine the current trends of political cinema in postcolonial Hong Kong. Many leaders of the Hong Kong mainstream cinema have accepted the Chinese authoritarian rule as a precondition for expanding into the ever-expanding Mainland film market, but a handful of conscientious filmmakers choose to make political cinema under the shadow of a wealthy and descendant industry, expressing their desire for democracy and justice and critiquing the unequal power relations between Hong Kong and China.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper consults relevant documentary materials and cinematic texts to contextualize the latest development of political cinema in Hong Kong. It presents an in-depth analysis of the works of two local independent filmmakers Herman Yau and Vincent Chui.

Findings
This study reveals a glimpse of hope in the current films of Herman Yau and Vincent Chui, which suggests that a reconfiguration of local identity and communal relationship may turn around the collective despair caused by the oppressive measures of the Chinese authoritarian state and the end of the Umbrella Movement in late 2014.

Research limitations/implications
Despite the small sample size, this paper highlights the rise of cinematic localism through a closer look at the works of Hong Kong independent filmmakers.

Practical implications
This study reveals an ambivalent mentality in the Hong Kong film industry where critical filmmakers strive to assert their creativity and agency against the externally imposed Chinese hegemonic power.

Originality/value
This investigation is an original scholarly study of film and politics in postcolonial Hong Kong.
Mi Casa es Su Casa: how an intracellular symbiont manipulates host biology
Authors: Bhattacharya Tamanash , Newton Irene L.G. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryWolbachia pipientis, the most common intracellular infection on the planet, infects 40% of insects as well as nematodes, isopods and arachnids. Wolbachia are obligately intracellular and challenging to study; there are no genetic tools for manipulating Wolbachia nor can they be cultured outside of host cells. Despite these roadblocks, the research community has defined a set of Wolbachia loci involved in host interaction: Wolbachia effectors. Through the use of Drosophila genetics, surrogate systems and biochemistry, the field has begun to define the toolkit Wolbachia use for host manipulation. Below we review recent findings identifying these Wolbachia effectors and point to potential, as yet uncharacterized, links between known phenotypes induced by Wolbachia infection and predicted effectors.
UV‐B induced biosynthesis of a novel sunscreen compound in solar radiation and desiccation tolerant cyanobacteria
Authors: Shang Jin‐Long , Zhang Zhong‐Chun , Yin Xiao‐Yue , Chen Min , Hao Fu‐Hua , Wang Kai , Feng Jun‐Li , Xu Hai‐Feng , Yin Yan‐Chao , Tang Hui‐Ru , Qiu Bao‐Sheng 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThe small‐molecule sunscreen compounds, mycosporine‐like amino acids (MAAs), have strong ultraviolet (UV) absorption and can protect cyanobacteria against UV‐B damage. However, the molecular mechanism underlying UV‐B signaling and MAA chemical diversity remain largely unclear. Here, we identified a five‐gene cluster for MAA biosynthesis in the solar radiation and desiccation tolerant cyanobacterium Nostoc flagelliforme. A LuxR family protein OrrA was identified as a positive UV‐B responsive regulator binding to the promoter region of this gene cluster. OrrA functions as an activator mediating the UV‐B induced MAA biosynthesis. Overexpression of orrA strengthened its UV‐B tolerance during desiccation, and enhanced the photosynthetic recovery upon rehydration. Heterologous expression of this gene cluster in Anabaena PCC 7120 produces the same MAA as that in field samples of N. flagelliforme. The MAA structure is assigned as mycosporine‐2‐(4‐deoxygadusolyl‐ornithine) with a molecular weight of 756 Da, the structurally unique MAA compound reported to date. This MAA was catalyzed by mysD‐mysC2‐mysC1 encoding proteins from 4‐deoxygadusol, which was synthesized through the catalysis of mysA‐mysB products. Thus, we elucidated the transcriptional mechanism for a novel type MAA biosynthesis in solar radiation and desiccation tolerant cyanobacteria, which shed light on the identification of other components for UV‐B signaling in cyanobacteria.
Oceanic Barriers: The British–American Divide among Revolutionary Black Atlantic Writers
Authors: BULTHUIS KYLE T. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAs a distinct generation, the first authors of the British black Atlantic – writers of African descent writing in English in the last half of the eighteenth century – bridged differing worlds. The authors shared common experiences, with most having suffered in the slave trade and having celebrated evangelical religious conversions. While scholars have tended to focus on the transoceanic connections of these authors, the political schism between Britain and the United States in the 1780s divided those authors who lived in what became the United States and those who remained within the British Empire. This article explores that division, first by separating the authors into two groups, those labelled American for remaining in the United States, and those called British for residing in the British Isles or imperial possessions at their lives' end. Second, the article explores the different experiences of each group, and the themes or approaches both groups took in their works. Black American writers generally de‐emphasised political issues, forged local patronage connections, and offered a personal piety that minimised the issue of slavery. Black British writers, by contrast, would stress their African or international identity, embraced a piety that was more socially active, and focused more on issues of political rights and antislavery. The contrasts reflect different life experiences of the two groups, in part because they adapted to being governed under different polities. The larger global context of the American Revolution helps account for differences in narrative and experience among this literary generation.
‘Of Paramount Importance to Our Race’: H. O. Arnold‐Forster and South African Soldier‐Settlement
Authors: MELBY CHRISTIAN K. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn the aftermath of the opening months of the South African War, British imperialists considered the settling of retired soldiers in South Africa as an efficient way of creating a loyal colony. This article explores the 1900 South African Lands Settlement Commission, and specifically the role of its chairman, the Liberal Unionist politician Hugh Oakeley Arnold‐Forster. It shows how the findings and recommendations of Arnold‐Forster's commission were presented as a way of keeping the British empire together through government involvement rather than private initiative. While often ignored because of its failure, the commission and the ideas behind it illustrates the link between imperialism, military planning and nationalism in British politics. Proponents of soldier‐settlement in South Africa argued that only by creating a majority population of British veterans, combining the roles of farmers and military reservists, could the colony be secure. The article examines the commission and the settler plan in conjunction with Arnold‐Forster's background and imperial ideology, arguing that the commission's failure does not mean that such ideas were unimportant. The opposition to the settler scheme could utilise the language of anti‐imperialism alongside criticism of Arnold‐Forster's views on Ireland, showing how the soldier‐settlement idea could be larger than the sum of its conclusions. Rather than seeing the soldier‐settlement scheme in isolation, the article argues that the case of Arnold‐Forster and the Lands Settlement Commission provides a valuable insight into wider British political debates at the turn of the century.
The Hidden Origins of Intelligence History: Rehabilitating the ‘Airport Bookstall’
Authors: GASPARD JULES 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article is a clarion call for the rehabilitation of works on intelligence in what Christopher Andrew once referred to as the ‘airport bookstall’ genre. It argues that a more fitting epitaph for the literature from intelligence history's earliest days is better designated as the ‘Muckraker Era’, rather than the ‘airport bookstall’. My argument proceeds on three fronts. First, these writers from the latter half of the twentieth century – rather than being cast out as pariahs – should be thought of as trailblazers, as many of the techniques they pioneered have formed the methodological backbone of historical research into intelligence. Second, the literature from this period, triangulated with recent scholarship, should be re‐examined, as precious practical contributions can be identified. Lastly, throughout the article I will attempt to recast the literature from this period, offering a new more constructive perspective that is in keeping with the ethos of today's professional historian. My argument focuses on the works of three authors – Rebecca West, Gordon Brook‐Shepherd and John Bulloch – as emblematic authors of the Muckraker Era, in methods, contribution and the indifference of subsequent intelligence scholars to their work.
Retracted: Cervical mucus removal prior to intrauterine insemination: a randomized trial
Authors: Maher MA , Sayyed TM , Elkhouly N 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveTo detect if removing the cervical mucus before performing intrauterine insemination (IUI) could improve pregnancy outcomes in patients with unexplained infertility.DesignProspective randomized study.SettingAn Egyptian University Hospital.PopulationSeven hundred and fourteen couples with unexplained infertility who underwent intrauterine insemination (IUI) with or without cervical mucus removal.MethodsUsing computer‐generated numbers, patients were randomly allocated to cervical‐mucus‐removal (removed from both internal and external os) or non‐mucus‐removal groups. Only participants were blinded as to group assignment.Main outcome measuresThe clinical pregnancy rate.ResultsOf 714 IUI patients between November 2014 and March 2017, 361 were in the mucus removal group, and 353 in the non‐mucus‐removal group. Difficult catheterization was encountered in 17 cases out of 666 (2.6%) 12 in the cervical‐mucus‐removal group and five in the non‐mucus‐removal group). A total of 666 IUI cycles were completed while 48 were either cancelled or lost in their follow‐up. The clinical pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the mucus‐removal group [31.0% (n = 112)] than in the non‐mucus‐removal group [21.8% (n = 77); P = 0.005]. Ovarian hyperstimulation developed in 33 (4.6%) cases: 18 cervical mucus‐removal and 15 non‐mucus‐removal. All except one were mild and managed with outpatient care.ConclusionsCervical mucus removal before IUI could improve pregnancy outcomes in women with unexplained infertility.Tweetable abstractCervical mucus removal before IUI can improve pregnancy outcomes.