bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DEPENDENCE OF OCCURRENCE RATES OF SOLAR FLARES AND CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS ON THE SOLAR CYCLE PHASE AND THE IMPORTANCE OF LARGE-SCALE CONNECTIVITY
Authors: Lee Kangjin , Moon Y.-J. , Nakariakov V. M. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
We investigate the dependence of the occurrence rates of major solar flares (M- and X-class) and front-side halo coronal mass ejections (FHCMEs), observed from 1996 to 2013, on the solar cycle (SC) phase for six active McIntosh sunspot group classes: Fkc, Ekc, Dkc, Fki, Eki, and Dki. We classify SC phases as follows: (1) ascending phase of SC 23 (1996–1999), (2) maximum phase of SC 23 (2000–2002), (3) descending phase of SC 23 (2003–2008), and (4) ascending phase of SC 24 (2009–2013). We find that the occurrence rates of major flares and FHCMEs during the descending phase are noticeably higher than those during the other phases for most sunspot group classes. For the most active sunspot group class, Fkc, the occurrence rate of FHCMEs during the descending phase of SC 23 is three times as high as that during the ascending phase of SC 23. The potential of each McIntosh sunspot group class to produce major flares or FHCMEs is found to depend on the SC phase. The occurrence rates (R) of major flares and FHCMEs are strongly anti-correlated with the annual average latitude of the sunspot groups (L):

for major flares and

for FHCMEs. This finding indicates the possible role of large-scale coronal connectivity, e.g., trans-equatorial loops, in powerful energy releases. Interestingly, this relationship is very similar to that between the volumetric coronal heating rate and X-ray loop lengths, indicating common energy release mechanisms.
UNIFICATION OF THE FUNDAMENTAL PLANE AND SUPER MASSIVE BLACK HOLE MASSES
Authors: Bosch Remco C. E. van den 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
According to the virial theorem, all gravitational systems in equilibrium sit on a plane in the three-dimensional parameter space defined by their mass, size, and second moment of the velocity tensor. While these quantities cannot be directly observed, there are suitable proxies: the luminosity L

k
, half-light radius R

e
, and dispersion

. These proxies indeed lie on a very tight fundamental plane (FP). How do the black holes (BHs) in the centers of galaxies relate to the FP? Their masses are known to exhibit no strong correlation with total galaxy mass, but they do correlate weakly with bulge mass (when present), and extremely well with the velocity dispersion through the

relation. These facts together imply that a tight plane must also exist defined by BH mass, total galaxy mass, and size. Here, I show that this is indeed the case using a heterogeneous set of 230 BHs. The sample includes BHs from zero to 10 billion solar masses and host galaxies ranging from low surface brightness dwarfs, through bulgeless disks, to brightest cluster galaxies. The resulting BH–size–luminosity relation

has the same amount of scatter as the M
•–σ relation and is aligned with the galaxy FP, such that it is just a reprojection of

. The inferred BH–size–mass relation is

. These relationships are universal and extend to galaxies without bulges. This implies that the BH is primarily correlated with its global velocity dispersion and not with the properties of the bulge. I show that the classical bulge–mass relation is a projection of the M
•–σ relation. When the velocity dispersion cannot be measured (at high z or low dispersions), the BH–size–mass relation should be used as a proxy for BH mass in favor of just galaxy or bulge mass.
CHANDRA VIEW OF MAGNETICALLY CONFINED WIND IN HD 191612: THEORY VERSUS OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Nazé Yaël , ud-Doula Asif , Zhekov Svetozar A. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
High-resolution spectra of the magnetic star HD 191612 were acquired using the Chandra X-ray Observatory at both maximum and minimum emission phases. We confirm the flux and hardness variations previously reported with XMM-Newton, demonstrating the high repeatability of the behavior of HD 191612 over a decade. The line profiles appear typical for magnetic massive stars: no significant line shift, relatively narrow lines for high-Z elements, and formation radius at about

. Line ratios confirm the softening of the X-ray spectrum at the minimum emission phase. Shift or width variations appear of limited amplitude at most (slightly lower velocity and slightly increased broadening at minimum emission phase, but within 1–2σ of values at maximum). In addition, a fully self-consistent 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the confined wind in HD 191612 was performed. The simulation results were directly fitted to the data, leading to a remarkable agreement overall between them.
KMOS3D: DYNAMICAL CONSTRAINTS ON THE MASS BUDGET IN EARLY STAR-FORMING DISKS*
Authors: Wuyts Stijn , Schreiber Natascha M. Förster , Wisnioski Emily , Genzel Reinhard , Burkert Andreas , Bandara Kaushala , Beifiori Alessandra , Belli Sirio , Bender Ralf , Brammer Gabriel B. , Chan Jeffrey , Davies Ric , Fossati Matteo , Galametz Audrey , Kulkarni Sandesh K. , Lang Philipp , Lutz Dieter , Mendel J. Trevor , Momcheva Ivelina G. , Naab Thorsten , Nelson Erica J. , Saglia Roberto P. , Seitz Stella , Tacconi Linda J. , Tadaki Ken-ichi , Übler Hannah , Dokkum Pieter G. van , Wilman David J. , Wuyts Eva 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
We exploit deep integral-field spectroscopic observations with KMOS/Very Large Telescope of 240 star-forming disks at

to dynamically constrain their mass budget. Our sample consists of massive (

) galaxies with sizes

. By contrasting the observed velocity and dispersion profiles with dynamical models, we find that on average the stellar content contributes

of the total dynamical mass, with a significant spread among galaxies (68th percentile range

). Including molecular gas as inferred from CO- and dust-based scaling relations, the estimated baryonic mass adds up to

of the total for the typical galaxy in our sample, reaching

at

. We conclude that baryons make up most of the mass within the disk regions of high-redshift star-forming disk galaxies, with typical disks at

being strongly baryon-dominated within R

e
. Substantial object-to-object variations in both stellar and baryonic mass fractions are observed among the galaxies in our sample, larger than what can be accounted for by the formal uncertainties in their respective measurements. In both cases, the mass fractions correlate most strongly with measures of surface density. High-

galaxies feature stellar mass fractions closer to unity, and systems with high inferred gas or baryonic surface densities leave less room for additional mass components other than stars and molecular gas. Our findings can be interpreted as more extended disks probing further (and more compact disks probing less far) into the dark matter halos that host them.
Gene Expression Profiling in Blood and Affected Muscle Tissues Reveals Differential Activation Pathways in Patients with New-onset Juvenile and Adult Dermatomyositis
Authors: López De Padilla Consuelo M. , Crowson Cynthia S. , Hein Molly S. , Pendegraft Richard S. , Strausbauch Michael A. , Niewold Timothy B. , Ernste Floranne C. , Peterson Erik , Baechler Emily C. , Reed Ann M. 
Published: November 2016

Objective.To identify shared and differential molecular pathways in blood and affected muscle between adult dermatomyositis (DM) and juvenile DM, and their association with clinical disease activity measures.Methods.Gene expression of transcription factors and cytokines involved in differentiation and effector function of T cell subsets, regulatory T cells and follicular Th cells, were analyzed in the blood from 21 newly diagnosed adult and 26 juvenile DM subjects and in 15 muscle specimens (7 adult and 8 juvenile DM) using a custom RT2 Profiler PCR Array. Disease activity was determined and measured by established disease activity tools.Results.The most prominent finding was the higher blood expression of Th17-related cytokines [retinoic acid-related orphan receptor-γ, interferon regulatory factor 4, interleukin (IL)-23A, IL-6, IL-17F, and IL-21] in juvenile DM at baseline. In contrast, adult patients with DM showed increased blood levels of STAT3 and BCL6 compared with juvenile DM. In muscle, GATA3, IL-13, and STAT5B were found at higher levels in juvenile patients with DM compared with adult DM. Among 25 patients (11 adult and 14 juvenile DM) who had blood samples at baseline and at 6 months, increased expression ofIL-1β, STAT3, STAT6, STAT5B, andBCL6was associated with an improvement in global extramuscular disease activity.Conclusion.We observed differences in gene expression profiling in blood and muscle between new-onset adult and juvenile DM. Cytokine expression in the blood of juvenile patients with new-onset DM was dominated by Th17-related cytokines compared with adult patients with DM. This may reflect the activation of different Th pathways between muscle and blood.
Conservatisme et choix de l’objet
Authors: Erdem Atak Irem 
Published: November 2016

Le conservatisme est précisément une démarche de restauration. Authentique, il ne renonce jamais à ses propres valeurs avec un minimum d’intervention possible pour protéger, sans être dévastateur... C’est renoncer à l’histoire et au savoir-faire de la tradition dans l’élaboration de la structure sociale. Les nouveaux nés ne peuvent subvenir à leurs besoins, donc ils ont besoin de soins et sont dépendants de leur environnement pour survivre et assurer leur ascendance ou la continuité de l’espèce. La nécessité de l’objet commence depuis le début. Que l’être humain n’est pas parfait et considère que l’intelligence de ce dernier est limitée, en conséquence, cela exige une vie sociale. Freud (1914) prétend que le premier état mental du bébé est un état de narcissisme primaire qui ne produit aucune différence et dont le bébé forme un ensemble avec le monde et toute l’énergie libidinale est en lui. La transition vers les relations avec la réalité et les objets n’est possible qu’en s’éloignant de l’uniformité après l’illusion de l’omnipotence vécue grâce aux fonctions d’harmonie d’une mère suffisamment positive ou bénéfique. Les objets peuvent changer de place entre eux, et ils seront investis pour être ou ne pas être une chose déterminée. L’individu a le choix soit de maintenir une relation avec le premier objet en s’investissant dans des relations similaires qu’il entretient avec l’objet qui l’assouvit et l’entretient par l’intermédiaire du choix de l’objet analytique ; soit de maintenir le narcissisme primaire en s’investissant sur l’objet qu’il considère comme faisant partie de sa personnalité, qui était comme lui dans le passé et comme il souhaitait devenir en choisissant un objet narcissique. La continuité des objets et le développement des relations de l’objet peuvent être considérées dans le conservatisme comme une proportion directe de l’effort pour harmoniser le développement et la continuité.
L’affaire Dreyfus : la patrie française contre les droits de l’homme
Authors: Demeure Brigitte 
Published: November 2016

En 1898, l’Affaire Dreyfus cristallise l’opposition entre les nationalistes et les tenants des droits de l’homme. La patrie ouverte des droits de l’homme se voit confrontée à une nouvelle patrie, nationaliste et fermée, dont Maurice Barrès est le porte-parole ; elle correspond à une représentation maternelle, archaïque et toute-puissante, qui exige la soumission, et dont l’individu « jouit par symbiose », pour reprendre l’expression de Sophie de Mijolla-Mellor. Mais est-ce que les arguments rationnels de F. de Pressensé et de J. Jaurès suffisent dans le combat contre la diffusion de cette notion ?
Jehanne ou l’anticonformisme au féminin
Authors: Hedjem Louisa 
Published: November 2016

La trajectoire de Jeanne d’Arc appelée Jeanne la Pucelle en son temps médiéval met en tension la problématique du conformisme et de l’anticonformisme au féminin en Occident. Son sexe de naissance la destine à la tyrannie de l’anatomie et à un conformisme éducatif qui vise la transmission de l’identité féminine par la mère – identité qui se confond avec le conjugalisme et la maternité par introjection de l’autorité masculine et de la position de sujet de la femme. La mère s’affirme vecteur et support identificatoires en vue de la reproduction mimétique. Mais en un temps où l’expression de soi n’est pas de mise, surtout pour une fille, l’originalité de Jeanne est de multiplier les recours à l’acte désignant en terme freudien les actes transgressifs et de créer un soi nouveau anticonformiste qui dépasse la limite interne-externe. Introjectant l’identification à la piété maternelle et projetant l’identification à l’idéal de justice du père, elle crée un mix hybride synthétisant la valence féminine (attribut narcissique de la virginité de corps et d’esprit) et la valence masculine (attributs phalliques, guerrière, parole subversive) et conquiert une existence visible dans l’espace public interdit aux femmes. Jeanne anticonformiste ne respecte pas la position asymétrique du féminin-masculin, de jeune/adulte, de l’analphabète/érudit et bafoue tous les préjugés d’ordre sexuel, social et culturel des hommes de son temps. Cette vierge de référence crée son propre personnage suffisamment flexible et protéiforme pour servir de base à des identifications et des idéaux nombreux et divers en fonction des orientations politiques ou sociales.
Réflexions autour de certains détournements du langage
Authors: Sibony-Malpertu Yaelle 
Published: November 2016

Cet article part de l’impossibilité de la culture à éviter de produire ou d’être vulnérable au fanatisme. Il décrit certaines failles de notre société dans lesquelles ce dernier peut s’engouffrer, à commencer par ce que Hannah Arendt nomme le « refus de juger », souvent confondu avec une position d’ouverture à l’autre. Il approfondit ensuite à différents niveaux les détournements et torsions opérés par un usage pervers du langage. Ces derniers attaquent la liberté de pensée d’un individu et insinue dans son esprit des termes qui induisent une conformité à une certaine censure totalitaire. Enfin, il rappelle que la psychanalyse, tout comme elle est régulièrement confrontée aux mécanismes pervers, peut se saisir de certains repères cliniques pour aider à réagir à cette utilisation totalitaire du langage.
A Novel Efficient Numerical Solution of Poisson's Equation for Arbitrary Shapes in Two Dimensions
Authors: Ma Zu-Hui , Chew Weng Cho , Jiang Li Jun 
Published: November 2016

AbstractEven though there are various fast methods and preconditioning techniques available for the simulation of Poisson problems, little work has been done for solving Poisson's equation by using the Helmholtz decomposition scheme. To bridge this issue, we propose a novel efficient algorithm to solve Poisson's equation in irregular two dimensional domains for electrostatics through a quasi-Helmholtz decomposition technique—the loop-tree basis decomposition. It can handle Dirichlet, Neumann or mixed boundary problems in which the filling media can be homogeneous or inhomogeneous. A novel point of this method is to first find the electric flux efficiently by applying the loop-tree basis functions. Subsequently, the potential is obtained by finding the inverse of the gradient operator. Furthermore, treatments for both Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions are addressed. Finally, the validation and efficiency are illustrated by several numerical examples. Through these simulations, it is observed that the computational complexity of our proposed method almost scales as, whereNis the triangle patch number of meshes. Consequently, this new algorithm is a feasible fast Poisson solver.
A Discrete-Ordinate Discontinuous-Streamline Diffusion Method for the Radiative Transfer Equation
Authors: Wang Cheng , Sheng Qiwei , Han Weimin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe radiative transfer equation (RTE) arises in many different areas of science and engineering. In this paper, we propose and investigate a discrete-ordinate discontinuous-streamline diffusion (DODSD) method for solving the RTE, which is a combination of the discrete-ordinate technique and the discontinuous-streamline diffusion method. Different from the discrete-ordinate discontinuous Galerkin (DODG) method for the RTE, an artificial diffusion parameter is added to the test functions in the spatial discretization. Stability and error estimates in certain norms are proved. Numerical results show that the proposed method can lead to a more accurate approximation in comparison with the DODG method.
Construyendo un modelo de gestión de las emociones a través del deporte
Authors: García Mínguez Jesús , Sánchez Ramos Juan Manuel 
Published: November 2016

El presente estudio tiene el propósito de convertir en medio educativo un problema generalizado entre adolescentes, como es la gestión de las emociones experimentadas durante la práctica de actividades lúdicas y deportivas. La Asociación Aldeas Infantiles SOS y la Fundación Rafa Nadal, buscan canalizar sus ideales de promoción social a través de la creación de un programa denominado “Integración y Deporte”, escenario apropiado para desarrollar la investigación. Niños y niñas de 10 a 16 años (un total de 20) en situación de riesgo de exclusión son el objeto de estudio, todos participantes del mencionado programa. El método empleado ha girado en torno al estudio de caso, un ejemplo espejo, donde intentamos descubrir la forma en que los menores gobiernan el caudal emotivo generado por los estímulos externos, provocadores de emociones primarias como repeler la agresión con patadas, puñetazos, incultos verbales, ansiedad… Los resultados conforman un modelo educativo de autogestión de las emociones tejido en base al hallazgo de tres categorías: habilidades cognitivas, dialógicas y evitativas-distractivas.
Effect of Different Acidic Beverages on Microhardness of Nanohybrid Composite, Giomer, and Microhybrid Composite
Authors: Somayaji SK , Amalan Arul 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Degradation in the oral cavity is a complex phenomenon, i.e., related to disintegration and dissolution of restorative materials in the oral cavity. Consumption of acidic food, fruit juices, and soft drinks can result in decrease in microhardness and bad esthetic appearance.

Materials and methods
Twenty-four disk-shaped specimens (10 mm in diameter and 2 mm thickness) were made from each nanohybrid composite, giomer, and microhybrid composite. The specimens were dipped in Appy fizz, Nimbooz, and Thumbs Up for 50 seconds and washed with saline. This cycle was continued for six times each day. Such hardness test was carried out in regular intervals, that is, 7, 14, and 21 days.

Results
There was reduction in hardness after 7 and 14 days but no significant difference (p > 0.05). There was significant difference after 21 days of experimental models for giomer, ceramic, and spectra (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The microhardness of materials was reduced after 7 and 14 days, but significant difference was seen after 21 days.

How to cite this article
Somayaji SK, Amalan A, Ginjupalli K. Effect of Different Acidic Beverages on Microhardness of Nanohybrid Composite, Giomer, and Microhybrid Composite. World J Dent 2016;7(3):126-128.
Ocular Injuries in Association with Middle Third Facial Injuries in Developing Countries: A Prospective Study
Authors: Mohanavalli S , Suma E , Senthamarai G , Vijayabala G Sree 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The middle third of the face is the most common site of injury and is frequently complicated by associated ocular injuries. It may be simple laceration, ecchymosis, circumorbital edema, or severe as globe injury or injury to the optic nerve and vision loss. Even severe injury like internal bleeding causes increased intraocular pressure and damages the optic nerve; if managed earlier, it could prevent further damage and dysfunction of the eye. Midfacial fractures associated with ocular injuries should have an early ophthalmological examination to detect ocular injuries. Little is known about the current epidemiology of midface fractures and associated ocular injuries in Tamil Nadu, the state of India. The aim was to study the etiology and pattern of middle third fracture and associated ocular injuries.

Materials and methods
This prospective study on midface fractures was carried out in the Department of Dentistry to analyze etiology, incidence, and patterns of midface fractures and associated ocular injuries. A total of 201 patients who reported with the history of midface injuries were included in the study. These patients were examined clinically and routine radiographs and computerized tomography magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were taken to confirm the diagnosis. All the patients sustaining confirmed middle third fractures with or without eye signs were referred to an ophthalmology department for the evaluation and management of associated ophthalmic injury. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 16.0 was used for data analysis. The outcome of the study was measured using percentages, mean, standard deviation, and test of proportion as appropriate.

Results
Traffic accident was the major cause of injury, mainly by motorized two wheelers (MTWs). Males in the 21 to 40 age group were common victims. Zygomatic complex fracture was the most common fracture type. Subconjunctival hemorrhage and infraorbital nerve injuries were common clinical findings.

Conclusion
Midthird facial injury cases should have an early ophthalmological examination for timely management to prevent dysfunction of the eye.

How to cite this article
Mohanavalli S, Suma E, Senthamarai G, Vijayabala GS. Ocular Injuries in Association with Middle Third Facial Injuries in Developing Countries: A Prospective Study. World J Dent 2016;7(3):135-140.
Endodontic Management of a Maxillary Lateral Incisor fused with Supernumerary Tooth using Spiral Computed Tomography as Diagnostic Aid
Authors: Dua Deepti , Dua Ankur 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
Fusion is a developmental anomaly in tooth morphology, which may be due to either union of two separate tooth buds or partial splitting of a single tooth bud. A thorough understanding of root canal anatomy is an essential prerequisite for a successful endodontic treatment. This case report describes successful endodontic management of a maxillary left lateral incisor fused with a supernumerary tooth using spiral computed tomography (SCT) as a diagnostic aid. A patient reported with a painless swelling in the maxillary anterior region associated with a fused maxillary lateral incisor. Spiral CT was performed to better understand the complex root canal anatomy. Endodontic treatment was done using methyl trioxide aggregate (MTA) as apical plug and obturation by thermoplasticized gutta-percha. The tooth was completely asymptomatic at 1-year follow-up showing signs of healing. The present case report emphasizes on the importance of three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques, such as SCT in cases of developmental anomalies having complicated root canal morphology for successful endodontic therapy.

How to cite this article
Dua D, Dua A, Patil AC. Endodontic Management of a Maxillary Lateral Incisor fused with Supernumerary Tooth using Spiral Computed Tomography as Diagnostic Aid. World J Dent 2016;7(4):199-202.