bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature‐controlled laminar airflow (TLA) device in the treatment of children with severe atopic eczema: Open‐label, proof‐of‐concept study
Authors: Gore C. , Gore R. B. , Fontanella S. , Haider S. , Custovic A. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryBackgroundChildren with severe, persistent atopic eczema (AE) have limited treatment options, often requiring systemic immunosuppression.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of the temperature‐controlled laminar airflow (TLA) treatment in children/adolescents with severe AE.MethodsWe recruited 15 children aged 2‐16 years with long‐standing, severe AE and sensitization to ≥1 perennial inhalant allergen. Run‐in period of 6‐10 weeks (3 visits) was followed by 12‐month treatment with overnight TLA (Airsonett®, Sweden). The primary outcome was eczema severity (SCORAD‐Index and Investigator Global Assessment‐IGA). Secondary outcomes included child/family dermatology quality of life and family impact questionnaires (CDQLI, FDQLI, DFI), patient‐oriented eczema measure (POEM), medication requirements and healthcare contacts. The study is registered as ISRCTN65865773.ResultsThere was a significant reduction in AE severity ascertained by SCORAD and IGA during the 12‐month intervention period (P < .001). SCORAD was reduced from a median of 34.9 [interquartile range 28.75‐45.15] at Baseline to 17.2 [12.95‐32.3] at the final visit, and IGA improved significantly from 4 [3‐4] to 2 [1‐3]. We observed a significant improvement in FDQLI (16.0 [12.25‐19.0] to 12 [8‐18], P = .023) and DFI (P = .011), but not CDQLI or POEM. Compared to 6‐month period prior to enrolment, there was a significant reduction at six months after the start of the intervention in potent topical corticosteroids (P = .033). The exploratory cluster analysis revealed two strongly divergent patterns of response, with 9 patients classified as responders, and 6 as non‐responders.Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceAddition of TLA device to standard pharmacological treatment may be an effective add‐on to the management of difficult‐to‐control AE.
Variation in practice of pouch surgery in England – using SWORD data to cut to the chase and justify centralization
Authors: Fearnhead N. S. , Lee M. J. , Acheson A. G. , Worley G. , Faiz O. D. , Brown S. R. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAimIncreasing scrutiny on both individual and unit outcomes after surgical procedures is now expected. In the field of inflammatory bowel disease, this is particularly pertinent for outcomes after ileoanal pouch surgery.MethodThe Surgical Workload and Outcomes Research Database (SWORD) relies on administrative data derived from Hospital Episode Statistics collected in England. The platform was interrogated for pouch procedures undertaken in England between April 2009 and December 2016 to assess national caseload and, between April 2012 and December 2016, to assess variation in caseload and outcomes after pouch surgery.ResultsIn England there is a suggestion that numbers of pouch procedures may be decreasing. Over 80% of Trusts offering pouch surgery do so at very low volume with less than five procedures per year. There is also a clear phenomenon of the occasional pouch surgeon with 126 surgeons undertaking just one pouch operation during the study period of almost 5 years. Laparoscopic practice varies but 60% of pouches overall were done via an open approach. Mean length of stay was 10.1 days and average 30‐day readmission rates were 27.4%. Outside London there appears to be an increasing trend for higher volume units to do more adult pouch procedures and lower volume units to do fewer.ConclusionLow volume units and occasional pouch surgeons present a strong argument for centralization of pouch surgery. Data from England outside London suggest that this may already be happening.
TRAP1 regulates autophagy in lung cancer cells
Authors: Barbosa Inês A. , Vega‐Naredo Ignacio , Loureiro Rute , Branco Ana F. , Garcia Rita , Scott Patricia M. , Oliveira Paulo J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundExpression of TRAP1, a member of the HSP90 chaperone family, has been implicated in tumour protective effects, based on its differential mitochondrial localization and function.DesignThis work was designed to provide new insights into the pathways involved in TRAP1‐provided cytoprotection on NSCLC. For this, TRAP1‐depleted A549 human NSCLC cells and MRC‐5 normal lung fibroblasts were produced using a siRNA approach and main cellular quality control mechanisms were investigated.ResultsTRAP1‐depleted A549 cells displayed decreased cell viability likely due to impaired mitochondrial function including decreased ATP/AMP ratio, oxygen consumption and membrane potential, as well as increased apoptotic indicators. Furthermore, the negative impact of TRAP1 depletion on mitochondrial function was not observed in normal MRC‐5 lung cells, which might be due to the differential intracellular localization of the chaperone in tumour versus normal cells. Additionally, A549 TRAP1‐depleted cells showed increased autophagic flux. Functionally, autophagy inhibition resulted in decreased cell viability in both TRAP1‐expressing and TRAP1‐depleted tumour cells with minor effects on MRC‐5 cells. Conversely, autophagy stimulation decreased cell viability of both A549 and MRC‐5 TRAP1‐expressing cells while in A549 TRAP1‐depleted cells, increased autophagy augmented viability.ConclusionsOur results show that even though TRAP1 depletion affects both normal MRC‐5 and tumour A549 cell proliferation, inhibition of autophagy per se led to a decrease in tumour cell mass, while having a reduced effect on the normal cell line. The strategy of targeting TRAP1 in NSCLC shows future potential therapeutic applications.
Cyclic fatigue resistances of several nickel‐titanium glide path rotary and reciprocating instruments at body temperature
Authors: Yılmaz K. , Uslu G. , Gündoğar M. , Özyürek T. , Grande N. M. , Plotino G. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAimTo compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of the One G, ProGlider, HyFlex EDM and R‐Pilot glide path NiTi files at body temperature.MethodologyTwenty One G (size 14, .03 taper), 20 ProGlider (size 16, .02 taper), 20 HyFlex EDM (size 10, .05 taper) and 20 R‐Pilot (size 12.5, .04 taper) instruments were operated in rotation at 300 rpm (One G, ProGlider and HyFlex) or in reciprocation (R‐Pilot) at 35 °C in artificial canals that were manufactured by reproducing the size and taper of the instrument until fracture occurred. The time to fracture was recorded in seconds using a digital chronometer, and the length of the fractured fragments was registered. Mean data were analysed statistically using the Kruskal–Wallis test and post hoc Tukey tests via SPSS 21.0 software. The statistical significance level was set at 5%.ResultsThe cyclic fatigue resistance of the R‐Pilot files was significantly greater than the other instruments, and the One G was significantly lower (P < 0.05). There was no difference between the HyFlex EDM and the ProGlider (P > 0.05). No significant difference (P > 0.05) was evident in the mean length of the fractured fragments of the various instruments.ConclusionsThe cyclic fatigue resistance of the R‐Pilot reciprocating glide path file was significantly greater than that of the rotary HyFlex EDM, ProGlider and One G glide path files.
Variables That Influence US Midwife and Physician Management of the Third Stage of Labor
Authors: Schorn Mavis N. , Dietrich Mary S. , Donaghey Beth , Minnick Ann F. 
Published: January 2018

IntroductionMidwives and physicians incorporate their knowledge, experiences, and other variables in making clinical decisions. Variations in the management of the third stage of labor may be a result of variables that influence providers’ decision making. The purpose of this study was to describe variables that influence US midwives’ and physicians’ management of the third stage of labor.MethodsA randomly selected national sample of certified nurse‐midwives and certified midwives, certified professional midwives, obstetricians, and family physicians was surveyed about the extent to which maternal characteristics, maternal history, and current birth characteristics influence their third‐stage management. The extent of influence was defined in terms of always to never altering management. Descriptive summaries, group comparisons, and partial correlations were used to determine differences in influences between midwives and physicians. One free‐text question was analyzed using qualitative methods.ResultsA total of 1243 clinicians responded. There was considerable variability in the response patterns in that the same variable was reported to always alter management during the third stage of labor for some participants yet did not influence the management practices of others at all. Differences between responses from midwives and physicians were explored as a possible explanation for some of the variability. In response to the free‐text inquiry about variables that most influenced changes in participants’ usual management of the third stage, the participants most often included active bleeding, current recommendations or guidelines, and maternal or family preferences.DiscussionThis study identifies variables reported as influencing clinical decision making during the third stage of labor. Therefore, these variables are important to consider when evaluating interventions and outcomes related to management of the third stage of labor and any attempts to design new interventions. The findings are descriptive of practice; they are not intended to guide changes in practice.
Detecting the Presence of Bacterial DNA and RNA by Polymerase Chain Reaction to Diagnose Suspected Periprosthetic Joint Infection after Antibiotic Therapy
Authors: Fang Xin‐yu , Li Wen‐bo , Zhang Chao‐fan , Huang Zi‐da , Zeng Hui‐yi , Dong Zheng , Zhang Wen‐ming 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTo explore the diagnostic efficiency of DNA‐based and RNA‐based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI).MethodsTo determine the detection limit of DNA‐based and RNA‐based qPCR in vitro, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli strains were added to sterile synovial fluid obtained from a patient with knee osteoarthritis. Serial dilutions of samples were analyzed by DNA‐based and RNA‐based qPCR. Clinically, patients who were suspected of having PJI and eventually underwent revision arthroplasty in our hospital from July 2014 to December 2016 were screened. Preoperative puncture or intraoperative collection was performed on patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria to obtain synovial fluid. DNA‐based and RNA‐based PCR analyses and culture were performed on each synovial fluid sample. The patients’ demographic characteristics, medical history, and laboratory test results were recorded. The diagnostic efficiency of both PCR assays was compared with culture methods.ResultsThe in vitro analysis demonstrated that DNA‐based qPCR assay was highly sensitive, with the detection limit being 1200 colony forming units (CFU)/mL of S. aureus and 3200 CFU/mL of E. coli. Meanwhile, The RNA‐based qPCR assay could detect 2300 CFU/mL of S. aureus and 11 000 CFU/mL of E. coli. Clinically, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 65.7%, 100%, and 81.6%, respectively, for the culture method; 81.5%, 84.8%, and 83.1%, respectively, for DNA‐based qPCR; and 73.6%, 100%, and 85.9%, respectively, for RNA‐based qPCR.ConclusionsDNA‐based qPCR could detect suspected PJI with high sensitivity after antibiotic therapy. RNA‐based qPCR could reduce the false positive rates of DNA‐based assays. qPCR‐based methods could improve the efficiency of PJI diagnosis.
On the Relationship between Safety and Decision Significance
Authors: Borgonovo Emanuele , Cillo Alessandra , Smith Curtis L. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractRisk analysts are often concerned with identifying key safety drivers, that is, the systems, structures, and components (SSCs) that matter the most to safety. SSCs importance is assessed both in the design phase (i.e., before a system is built) and in the implementation phase (i.e., when the system has been built) using the same importance measures. However, in a design phase, it would be necessary to appreciate whether the failure/success of a given SSC can cause the overall decision to change from accept to reject (decision significance). This work addresses the search for the conditions under which SSCs that are safety significant are also decision significant. To address this issue, the work proposes the notion of a θ‐importance measure. We study in detail the relationships among risk importance measures to determine which properties guarantee that the ranking of SSCs does not change before and after the decision is made. An application to a probabilistic safety assessment model developed at NASA illustrates the risk management implications of our work.
DIVARICATA AND RADIALIS INTERACTING FACTOR (DRIF) also interacts with WOX and KNOX proteins associated with wood formation in Populus trichocarpa
Authors: Petzold H. Earl , Chanda Bidisha , Zhao Chengsong , Rigoulot Stephen B. , Beers Eric P. , Brunner Amy M. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryDIVARICATA AND RADIALIS INTERACTING FACTOR (DRIF) from snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) is a MYB/SANT protein that interacts with related MYB/SANT proteins, RADIALIS and DIVARICATA, through its N‐terminal MYB/SANT domain. In addition to the MYB/SANT domain, DRIF contains a C‐terminal domain of unknown function (DUF3755). Here we describe novel protein–protein interactions involving a poplar (Populus trichocarpa) homolog of DRIF, PtrDRIF1. In addition to interacting with poplar homologs of RADIALIS (PtrRAD1) and DIVARICATA (PtrDIV4), PtrDRIF1 interacted with members of other families within the homeodomain‐like superfamily, including PtrWOX13c, a WUSCHEL‐RELATED HOMEOBOX protein, and PtrKNAT7, a KNOTTED1‐LIKE HOMEOBOX protein. PtrRAD1 and PtrDIV4 interacted with the MYB/SANT‐containing N‐terminal portion of PtrDRIF1, whereas DUF3755 was both necessary and sufficient for interactions with PtrWOX13c and PtrKNAT7. Of the two MYB/SANT domains present in PtrDIV4, only the N‐terminal MYB/SANT domain interacted with PtrDRIF1. GFP‐PtrDRIF1 expressed alone or with PtrRAD1 localized to the cytoplasm, whereas co‐expression of GFP‐PtrDRIF1 with PtrDIV4, PtrWOX13c or PtrKNAT7 resulted in nuclear localization of GFP‐PtrDRIF1. Modified yeast two‐hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) experiments using PtrDRIF1 as a bridge protein revealed that PtrDRIF1 simultaneously interacted with PtrRAD1 and PtrWOX13c, but could not form a heterotrimeric complex when PtrDIV4 was substituted for PtrRAD1. Moreover, a Y2H competition assay indicated that PtrKNAT7 inhibits the interaction between PtrRAD1 and PtrDRIF1. The discovery of an additional protein–protein interaction domain in DRIF proteins, DUF3755, and its ability to form heterodimers and heterotrimers involving MYB/SANT and wood‐associated homeodomain proteins, implicates DRIF proteins as mediators of a broader array of processes than previously reported.
A toolkit for studying cellular reorganization during early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Liao Che‐Yang , Weijers Dolf 
Published: January 2018

SummaryConsiderable progress has been made in understanding the influence of physical and genetic factors on the patterns of cell division in various model systems. However, how each of these factors directs changes in subcellular structures has remained unclear. Generic machineries for the execution of cell expansion and division have been characterized, but how these are influenced by genetic regulators and physical cell properties remains an open question. To a large degree, the complexity of growing post‐embryonic tissues and a lack of precise predictability have prevented the extraction of rigid correlations between subcellular structures and future orientation of cell division. The Arabidopsis embryo offers an exquisitely predictable and simple model for studying such correlations, but so far the tools and methodology for studying subcellular structures in the early embryo have been lacking. Here, we describe a set of markers to visualize a range of subcellular structures in the early Arabidopsis embryo. We have designed a series of fluorescent cellular reporters optimized for embryos, and demonstrate the effectiveness of using these ‘ACE’ reporters with simple three‐dimensional imaging procedures that preserve delicate cellular structures. We describe the ontogeny of subcellular structures in the early embryo and find that central/peripheral cell polarity is established much earlier than suspected. In addition, we show that the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton has distinct topologies in the embryo. These tools and methods will allow detailed analysis of the events of cellular reorganization that underlie morphogenesis in the Arabidopsis embryo.
Interplay between cytochrome c and gibberellins during Arabidopsis vegetative development
Authors: Racca Sofía , Welchen Elina , Gras Diana E. , Tarkowská Danuše , Turečková Veronika , Maurino Veronica G. , Gonzalez Daniel H. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryWe studied the effect of reducing the levels of the mitochondrial electron carrier cytochrome c (CYTc) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plants with CYTc deficiency have delayed growth and development, and reach flowering several days later than the wild‐type but with the same number of leaves. CYTc‐deficient plants accumulate starch and glucose during the day, and contain lower levels of active gibberellins (GA) and higher levels of DELLA proteins, involved in GA signaling. GA treatment abolishes the developmental delay and reduces glucose accumulation in CYTc‐deficient plants, which also show a lower raise in ATP levels in response to glucose. Treatment of wild‐type plants with inhibitors of mitochondrial energy production limits plant growth and increases the levels of DELLA proteins, thus mimicking the effects of CYTc deficiency. In addition, an increase in the amount of CYTc decreases DELLA protein levels and expedites growth, and this depends on active GA synthesis. We conclude that CYTc levels impinge on the activity of the GA pathway, most likely through changes in mitochondrial energy production. In this way, hormone‐dependent growth would be coupled to the activity of components of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
1066 and all that: Some deep determinants of voting shares in the 2016 referendum on EU membership
Authors: Fielding David 
Published: January 2018

AbstractRecent evidence from UK opinion surveys suggests that inhabitants of areas where there is a high density of universities have opinions that are significantly more liberal with regard to immigration and minority rights; this effect is robust to controlling for the individual's own age and education level, suggesting that university towns have a distinctive culture. Moreover, variation in the density of universities is explained partly by variation in the density of earlier educational institutions, and the variation in the density of these earlier institutions is associated with medieval exposure to religious and ethnic diversity. Support for EU membership is known to be correlated with liberalism, and this paper shows that patterns of voting in the 2016 referendum are also associated with the density of universities and earlier educational institutions, and with medieval exposure to religious and ethnic diversity.
Draft Genome Sequences of
Anaplasma phagocytophilum
,
A. marginale
, and
A. ovis
Isolates from Different Hosts
Authors: Diaz-Sanchez Sandra , Hernández-Jarguín Angélica , Fernández de Mera Isabel G. , Alberdi Pilar , Zweygarth Erich , Gortazar Christian , de la Fuente José 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequences of isolates of
Anaplasma phagocytophilum
,
Anaplasma marginale
, and
Anaplasma ovis
. The genomes of
A. phagocytophilum
(human),
A. marginale
(cattle), and
A. ovis
(goat) isolates from the United States were sequenced and characterized. This is the first report of an
A. ovis
genome sequence.
Complete Genome Sequence of a New Halophilic Archaeon,
Haloarcula taiwanensis
, Isolated from a Solar Saltern in Southern Taiwan
Authors: Chen Pei-Chun , Chen Ting-Wen , Han Yi-An , Ng Wailap Victor , Yang Chii-Shen 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

We report here the completion of the genome sequence of a new species of haloarchaea,
Haloarcula taiwanensis
, isolated in southern Taiwan. The 3,721,706-bp genome consisted of chromosome I (2,966,258 bp, 63.6% GC content), chromosome II (525,233 bp, 59.6% GC content), plasmid pNYT1 (129,893 bp, 55.3% GC content), and plasmid pNYT2 (100,322 bp, 55.7% GC content).
Complete Genome Sequence of a Type Strain of
Mycobacterium abscessus
subsp.
bolletii
, a Member of the
Mycobacterium abscessus
Complex
Authors: Yoshida Mitsunori , Fukano Hanako , Miyamoto Yuji , Shibayama Keigo , Suzuki Masato , Hoshino Yoshihiko 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium abscessus
subsp.
bolletii
is a rapidly growing mycobacterial organism for which the taxonomy is unclear. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of a
Mycobacterium abscessus
subsp.
bolletii
type strain. This sequence will provide essential information for future taxonomic and comparative genome studies of these mycobacteria.
Complete Nucleotide Sequence of an
Escherichia coli
Sequence Type 410 Strain Carrying
bla
NDM-5
on an IncF Multidrug Resistance Plasmid and
bla
OXA-181
on an IncX3 Plasmid
Authors: Overballe-Petersen Søren , Roer Louise , Ng Kim , Hansen Frank , Justesen Ulrik S. , Andersen Leif P. , Stegger Marc , Hammerum Anette M. , Hasman Henrik 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Using Nanopore sequencing, we describe here the circular genome of an
Escherichia coli
sequence type 410 (ST410) strain with five closed plasmids. A large 111-kb incompatibility group F (IncF) plasmid harbored
bla
NDM-5
and 16 other resistance genes. A 51-kb IncX3 plasmid carried
QnrS1
and
bla
OXA-181
.
E. coli
isolates with both
bla
NDM-5
and
bla
OXA-181
carbapenemases are rare.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Legionella sainthelensi
Isolated from a Patient with Legionnaires’ Disease
Authors: Slow Sandy , Anderson Trevor , Biggs Patrick , Kennedy Martin , Murdoch David , Cree Simone 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Legionella sainthelensi
is an aquatic environmental bacterium that in humans can cause Legionnaires’ disease (LD), an often severe form of pneumonia. Here, we report the first complete genome of a
L. sainthelensi
clinical isolate obtained in 2001 from a patient with LD in Canterbury, New Zealand.