bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure of complement C3(H2O) revealed by quantitative cross-linking/mass spectrometry and modeling
Authors: Chen Zhuo A. , Pellarin Riccardo , Fischer Lutz , Sali Andrej , Nilges Michael , Barlow Paul N. , Rappsilber Juri 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe slow but spontaneous and ubiquitous formation of C3(H2O), the hydrolytic and conformationally rearranged product of C3, initiates antibody-independent activation of the complement system that is a key first line of antimicrobial defense. The structure of C3(H2O) has not been determined. Here we subjected C3(H2O) to quantitative cross-linking/mass spectrometry (QCLMS). This revealed details of the structural differences and similarities between C3(H2O) and C3, as well as between C3(H2O) and its pivotal proteolytic cleavage product, C3b, which shares functionally similarity with C3(H2O). Considered in combination with the crystal structures of C3 and C3b, the QCMLS data suggest that C3(H2O) generation is accompanied by the migration of the thioester-containing domain of C3 from one end of the molecule to the other. This creates a stable C3b-like platform able to bind the zymogen, factor B, or the regulator, factor H. Integration of available crystallographic and QCLMS data allowed the determination of a 3D model of the C3(H2O) domain architecture. The unique arrangement of domains thus observed in C3(H2O), which retains the anaphylatoxin domain (that is excised when C3 is enzymatically activated to C3b), can be used to rationalize observed differences between C3(H2O) and C3b in terms of complement activation and regulation.
Changing priorities for female managers in mid-career
Authors: Cole Graham 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies.

Design/methodology/approach
This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.

Findings
Middle-age is regarded as a significant stage of life. It is typically either perceived as a time of crisis or an ideal opportunity for new beginnings. The common denominator is that major decisions are the norm on both sides of this particular debate. The issue is especially pertinent in the context of careers. Reaching a mid-career point often prompts individuals to evaluate current and past experiences and relationships in order to guide future direction.

Practical implication
The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world's leading organizations.

Originality/value
The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent, information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.
Test of a mediational model of organization mission fulfillment: evidence from the hotel industry
Authors: Karatepe Osman M. , Kaviti Rashin 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to propose and test a conceptual model, guided by conservation of resources theory, that examines whether emotional exhaustion is a mediator between organization mission fulfillment and critical outcomes such as turnover intentions, lateness attitude, job performance and extra-role customer service.

Design/methodology/approach
The aforesaid relationships were assessed via data gathered from customer-contact employees two weeks apart in three waves and their immediate supervisors in the international five-star chain hotels in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates. The relationships in the model were gauged via structural equation modeling.

Findings
The results reveal that organization mission fulfillment influences the above-mentioned outcomes only through emotional exhaustion. Specifically, organization mission fulfillment mitigates customer-contact employees’ emotional exhaustion. Under these circumstances, these employees report desirable outcomes such as low levels of quitting intentions and lateness attitude as well as higher in- and extra-role performances.

Research limitations/implications
In future research, collecting data from different service settings in different countries would enable the researcher to conduct a cross-national study and make further generalizations. In future research, including actual turnover and absenteeism as well creative and service recovery performances in the model would enrich the understanding about the outcomes of organization mission fulfillment and emotional exhaustion.

Practical implications
Management needs to use several intra-organizational communication tools so that customer-contact employees can have an understanding of how the organization is trying to accomplish its mission. When employees participate in and contribute to the preparation of the organization’s mission statement, they own the mission statement and do their best to achieve the organizational objectives. Management should also offer a work environment where employees can avail themselves of psychosocial support to be provided by mentors. Such psychosocial support would enable employees to manage problems emerging from emotional exhaustion.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to current knowledge by testing the effect of the organization’s fidelity to its mission statement on emotional exhaustion and the above-mentioned job outcomes using data obtained from employees in frontline service jobs in the hotel industry.
Service quality models in the context of the fitness industry
Authors: Polyakova Olga , Mirza Mohammed T 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to review the concept of perceived service quality in the fitness industry by considering the service-dominant logic (Vargo and Lusch, 2004) and examining existing service quality models in the context of sport and fitness.Design/methodology/approach– The paper critically reviews generic and industry-specific models of service quality in the fitness industry. The examination of the models is intended to identify the role that the perspective of customers and the dynamics of service co-creation play in these models.Findings– Consideration of the context in a particular industry plays an important role in the development of service quality models. If underestimated, it can result in a model being inadequate or having limited explanatory potential. The review shows that both generic and fitness industry-specific models have methodological and conceptual limitations. This requires researchers to consider developing new contextual models that acknowledge service as co-creation of experience/value between suppliers and customers; and the goal of this co-creation as fulfilment of customers’ aspirations. Such an approach brings a new light to the meaning of “a customer’s perspective” and emphasises the dynamics of service co-creation in the fitness industry.Practical implications– The study provides an agenda for future research to consider perceived service quality models from the customers’ perspective. It suggests researchers to take into account various factors of consumer behaviour (e.g. motivation) which are unique to sport and fitness services. Also, managers of fitness facilities need to revisit their tools for capturing customers’ perceptions and to update the areas included in customer satisfaction surveys.Originality/value– The paper provides an insight into the role of co-creation for service quality in fitness services. It contributes towards establishing revised relations between service quality in fitness and contextual industry-specific factors suggested by numerous studies previously.
Developing House of Quality by integrating top roof and side roof matrices and service TRIZ with a case study in banking services
Authors: Shahin Arash , Bagheri Iraj Elham , Vaez Shahrestani Hossein 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to propose an innovative solution for prioritizing “Whats” and “Hows” and resolving contradictions among “Whats” in House of Quality (HoQ).

Design/methodology/approach
– Prioritization of the influence of the weights in correlation matrices of “Whats” and “Hows” (i.e. top roof and side roof) of HoQ and integration with TRIZ contradiction matrix have been studied. Explained through a case example of banking services, initially, contradictions among requirements of 180 customers have been identified by side roof matrix and then, the 12 by 12 non-technical contradictions matrix of service TRIZ have been used to suggest principles for resolving contradictions.

Findings
– Findings imply that the use of roof and side roof weights can influence the priorities of “Whats” and “Hows.”

Research limitations/implications
– Findings may assist researchers and practitioners in resolving ambiguity of the voice of customers, which in turn make the results of HoQ more accurate.

Originality/value
– A new approach has been proposed in this paper for resolving contradictions of customer requirements by service TRIZ and adjusting priorities of “Whats” and “Hows” in HoQ.
Auditor Quality and Debt Covenants
Authors: Robin Ashok , Wu Qiang , Zhang Hao 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis study examines the impact of auditor quality on financial covenants in debt contracts. We conjecture that high‐quality auditors have two related effects on these debt covenants: (i) they encourage fewer and less restrictive covenants by providing assurance to lenders at contract inception and, consequently, (ii) they ensure a lower probability of eventual covenant violations. Consistent with the conjectures, we find that auditor quality is negatively associated with the intensity and tightness of financial covenants. Specifically, high‐quality auditors are associated with fewer covenants (especially performance covenants) and less binding covenants. Additionally, we find that auditor quality is negatively associated with the likelihood of covenant violations. In an ancillary test, we provide evidence that high‐quality auditors mitigate the detrimental effect of covenant violations on the cost of borrowing. Together, these findings highlight the important role of auditors in debt contracting.
Increased short‐ and long‐term mortality in 8146 hospitalised peptic ulcer patients
Authors: Malmi H. , Kautiainen H. , Virta L. J. , Färkkilä M. A. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryBackgroundIncidence and complications of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) have declined, but mortality from peptic ulcer bleeding has remained unchanged. The few recent studies on mortality associated with both uncomplicated and complicated patients with peptic ulcer disease provide contradictory results.AimsTo evaluate short‐ and long‐term mortality, and the main causes of death in peptic ulcer disease.MethodsIn this retrospective epidemiologic cohort study, register data on 8146 adult patients hospitalised with peptic ulcer disease during 2000–2008 were collected in the capital region of Finland. All were followed in the National Cause of Death Register until the end of 2009. The data were linked with the nationwide Drug Purchase Register of the Finnish Social Insurance Institution.ResultsMean follow‐up time was 4.9 years. Overall mortality was substantially increased, standardised mortality ratio 2.53 (95% CI: 2.44–2.63); 3.7% died within 30 days, and 11.8% within 1 year. At 6 months, the survival of patients with perforated or bleeding ulcer was lower compared to those with uncomplicated ulcer; hazard ratios were 2.06 (1.68–2.04) and 1.32 (1.11–1.58), respectively. For perforated duodenal ulcers, both the short‐ and long‐term survival was significantly impaired in women. The main causes of mortality at 1 year were malignancies and cardiovascular diseases. Previous use of statins was associated with significant reduction in all‐cause mortality.ConclusionsOne‐year mortality in patients hospitalised with peptic ulcer disease remained high with no change. This peptic ulcer disease cohort had a clearly decreased survival rate up to 10 years, especially among women with a perforated duodenal ulcer, most likely explained by poorer survival due to underlying comorbidity.
Efficacy of CT‐guided localization followed by video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery in children with tiny pulmonary nodules
Authors: Nara Keigo , Oue Takaharu , Uehara Shuichiro , Ueno Takehisa , Ibuka Souji , Nakahata Kengo , Zenitani Masahiro , Umeda Satoshi , Yamamichi Taku , Honda Osamu , Okuyama Hiroomi 
Published: June 2016

AbstractCT‐guided localization followed by video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery was performed in three children with pulmonary nodules less than 5 mm in diameter. The patients' respective primary diagnoses were Wilms tumor, hepatoblastoma, and osteosarcoma of the femur. The pulmonary nodules were marked preoperatively by a percutaneously placed hook‐wire or dye under CT guidance. Although none of the nodules was grossly detected during the operation, they were correctly resected under the guidance of the hook‐wire wound or dye. A histological assessment revealed viable metastatic lesions in the case of hepatoblastoma, completely necrotic lesions in the case of Wilms tumor, and inflammatory nodules in the case of osteosarcoma. CT‐guided localization followed by video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery appears to be a beneficial procedure in children with tiny pulmonary nodules.
Anti‐fibrotic actions of relaxin
Authors: Samuel C S , Royce S G , Hewitson T D , Denton K M , Cooney T E , Bennett R G 
Published: June 2016

AbstractFibrosis refers to the hardening or scarring of tissues that usually results from aberrant wound healing in response to organ injury, and its manifestations in various organs have collectively been estimated to contribute to around 45–50% of deaths in the Western world. Despite this, there is currently no effective cure for the tissue structural and functional damage induced by fibrosis‐related disorders. Relaxin meets several criteria of an effective anti‐fibrotic based on its specific ability to inhibit pro‐fibrotic cytokine and/or growth factor‐mediated, but not normal/unstimulated, fibroblast proliferation, differentiation and matrix production. Furthermore, relaxin augments matrix degradation through its ability to up‐regulate the release and activation of various matrix‐degrading matrix metalloproteinases and/or being able to down‐regulate tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase activity. Relaxin can also indirectly suppress fibrosis through its other well‐known (anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anti‐hypertrophic, anti‐apoptotic, angiogenic, wound healing and vasodilator) properties. This review will outline the organ‐specific and general anti‐fibrotic significance of exogenously administered relaxin and its mechanisms of action that have been documented in various non‐reproductive organs such as the cardiovascular system, kidney, lung, liver, skin and tendons. In addition, it will outline the influence of sex on relaxin's anti‐fibrotic actions, highlighting its potential as an emerging anti‐fibrotic therapeutic.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on Recent Progress in the Understanding of Relaxin Family Peptides and their Receptors. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.10/issuetoc
Prediction of individual implant bone levels and the existence of implant “phenotypes”
Authors: Papantonopoulos Georgios , Gogos Christos , Housos Efthymios , Bountis Tassos , Loos Bruno G. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectivesTo cluster implants placed in patients of a private practice and identify possible implant “phenotypes” and predictors of individual implant mean bone levels (IIMBL).Materials and methodsClinical and radiographical variables were collected from 72 implant‐treated patients with 237 implants and a mean 7.4 ± 3.5 years of function. We clustered implants using the k‐means method guided by multidimensional unfolding. For predicting IIMBL, we used principal component analysis (PCA) as a variable reduction method for an ensemble selection (ES) and a support vector machines models (SVMs). Network analysis investigated variable interactions.ResultsWe identified a cluster of implants susceptible to peri‐implantitis (96% of the implants in the cluster were affected by peri‐implantitis) and two overlapping clusters of implants resistant to peri‐implantitis. The cluster susceptible to peri‐implantitis showed a mean IIMBL of 5.2 mm and included implants placed mainly in the lower front jaw and in mouths having a mean of eight teeth. PCA extracted the parameters such as number of teeth, full‐mouth plaque scores, implant surface, periodontitis severity, age and diabetes as significant in explaining the data variability. ES and SVMs showed good results in predicting IIMBL (root‐mean‐squared error of 0.133 and 0.149, 10‐fold cross‐validation error of 0.147 and 0.150, respectively). Network analysis revealed limited interdependencies of variables among peri‐implantitis‐affected and non‐affected implants and supported the hypothesis of the existence of distinct implant “phenotypes.”ConclusionTwo implant “phenotypes” were identified, one with susceptibility and another with resistance to peri‐implantitis. Prediction of IIMBL could be achieved by using six variables.
Tropical amphibians in shifting thermal landscapes under land‐use and climate change
Authors: Nowakowski A. Justin , Watling James I. , Whitfield Steven M. , Todd Brian D. , Kurz David J. , Donnelly Maureen A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractLand‐cover and climate change are both expected to alter species distributions and contribute to future biodiversity loss. However, the combined effects of land‐cover and climate change on assemblages, especially at the landscape scale, remain understudied. Lowland tropical amphibians may be particularly susceptible to changes in land cover and climate warming because many species have narrow thermal safety margins resulting from air and body temperatures that are close to their critical thermal maxima (CTmax). We examined how changing thermal landscapes may alter the area of thermally suitable habitat (TSH) for tropical amphibians. We measured microclimates in 6 land‐cover types and CTmax of 16 frog species in lowland northeastern Costa Rica. We used a biophysical model to estimate core body temperatures of frogs exposed to habitat‐specific microclimates while accounting for evaporative cooling and behavior. Thermally suitable habitat area was estimated as the portion of the landscape where species CTmax exceeded their habitat‐specific maximum body temperatures. We projected changes in TSH area 80 years into the future as a function of land‐cover change only, climate change only, and combinations of land‐cover and climate‐change scenarios representing low and moderate rates of change. Projected decreases in TSH area ranged from 16% under low emissions and reduced forest loss to 30% under moderate emissions and business‐as‐usual land‐cover change. Under a moderate emissions scenario (A1B), climate change alone contributed to 1.7‐ to 4.5‐fold greater losses in TSH area than land‐cover change only, suggesting that future decreases in TSH from climate change may outpace structural habitat loss. Forest‐restricted species had lower mean CTmax than species that occurred in altered habitats, indicating that thermal tolerances will likely shape assemblages in changing thermal landscapes. In the face of ongoing land‐cover and climate change, it will be critical to consider changing thermal landscapes in strategies to conserve ectotherm species.
Distinct genetic profiles of extracranial and intracranial acral melanoma metastases
Authors: Sharma Gaurav , Lian Christine G. , Lin William M. , Amin‐Mansour Ali , Jané‐Valbuena Judit , Garraway Levi , Bao Wendi , Yoon Charles H. , Ibrahim Nageatte 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundThere is limited knowledge of the genetic alterations in acral melanoma metastases at different anatomic sites. Here, we characterized the genetic abnormalities of metastases in a 51‐year‐old man with stage IIIC heel melanoma who developed concomitant brain and cutaneous metastases in spite of multiple treatment modalities.MethodsMelanoma cells were isolated following palliative resection of the patient's cortical tumor and biopsy of cutaneous thigh metastasis. Mutational analysis using polymerase chain reaction amplification and BLAST, as well as exome sequencing (160 Mb coverage) was performed on the tumors, cell lines generated thereof and normal lymph nodes.ResultsAll specimens had neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog Q61K mutations. There was a 40‐fold higher somatic mutation frequency in the brain metastasis compared to the cutaneous metastasis. The former showed truncations of DNA mismatch repair genes (MLH1 and MSH2), and non‐canonical BRAF (v‐raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1), PIK3CA and NF‐1 mutations not observed in the extracranial lesion. Genomic profiling of each cell line was concordant with the respective original tumor tissue.ConclusionsWe present the mutational differences between brain and cutaneous acral melanoma metastases in a patient with concomitant lesions. Further genetic and functional studies are needed to understand the biology of metastatic disease appearing at different sites.
Evaluation of laser phototherapy (λ 780 nm) after dental replantation in rats
Authors: de Carvalho Fabíola Bastos , Andrade Aline Silva , Barbosa Artur Felipe dos Santos , Aguiar Márcio Cajazeira , Cangussu Maria Cristina Teixeira , Pinheiro Antônio Luiz Barbosa , Ramalho Luciana Maria Pedreira 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackground/AimTooth replantation is the treatment of choice in cases of avulsion although the outcomes are variable. The teeth can be lost due to external root resorption. The aim of this study was to histologically assess of the effect of laser phototherapy (λ780 nm) on replanted teeth in rats.Material and MethodsSixty Wistar Albinus rats had their maxillary right incisors extracted and were then divided into four groups: G1–absence of storage medium; G2–milk as storage medium; G3–milk as storage medium followed by a laser irradiation of the root surfaces and entrance of the alveolus (λ = 780 nm; P = 70 mW; CW; DE = 21 J/cm2); G4–milk as storage medium, laser irradiation as in G3 before replantation. After this procedure, laser irradiation was performed on the buccal and palatal mucosa (8.4 J/cm2 per session) every 48 h for 15 days. The animals were euthanized 15, 30, and 60 days after replantation.ResultsThe histological results showed that after 15 days, G4 exhibited intense chronic inflammation with the presence of clastic cells and moderate external inflammatory root resorption (P < 0.05) when compared with G3, in which these outcomes were not observed. At the 30th day, G1, G2, and G4 showed chronic inflammation varying from discrete to moderate, as well as intense external inflammatory root resorption. G3 remained without any inflammation and external inflammatory root resorption up to the 60th day.ConclusionsThe use of laser phototherapy on the root surface and at the entrance of the alveolus prior to replantation had a positive biomodulative effect on alveolar repair after tooth replantation in rats.