bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphanchalkogenide und ihre Metallkomplexe. III. Halogenierungsprodukte der Gold(I)komplexe Ph3PEAuX (E = S oder Se; X = Cl, Br oder I)
Authors: Taouss Christina , Jones Peter G. , Upmann Daniel , Bockfeld Dirk 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The complexes Ph3PEAuI (E = S, Se; 1, 2) were obtained from the reaction of Ph3PEAuCl with KI; they are appreciably less stable than their chloro and bromo analogues. The X-ray structures were determined, whereby 1 proved to be contaminated by a small amount of Ph3PS·I2. Oxidation of 1 and 2 with elemental iodine led to the adducts Ph3PEAuI·0.5I2 (3 and 4), but X-ray investigation of a crystal initially assumed to be 3 proved it to be a 1:1 mixture of 3 with the adduct Ph3PS·1.5I2, while in 4 the iodine molecule was severely disordered, which prevented successful refinement of the structure. Decomposition of 4 by loss of gold led to Ph3PSeI2·1.5I2
4a. Complexes Ph3PEAuX (E = S, Se; X = Br, Cl) were oxidized by elemental bromine (X = Br) or PhICl2 (X = Cl) to Ph3PEAuX
3 (5, 6, 9, 10); none of these X-ray structures could be refined satisfactorily because of diffuse scattering phenomena. Further oxidation led to the ionic compounds [Ph3PEX]+ [AuX
4]– (X = Br, E = S, Se: 7, 8; X = Cl, E = S, 11) or [Ph3PSeCl]+ 0.5[Au4Cl10Se2]2– (12), containing the novel groupings P–E–X. X-ray structures confirmed the nature of all four of these compounds, which display longer P–E bonds than the gold(I) starting materials and short X···X and/or E···X contacts between cations and anions.
Eu2+-Containing Luminescent Perovskite-Type Hydrides Studied by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance
Authors: Kunkel Nathalie , Böttcher Rolf , Pilling Tilo , Kohlmann Holger , Pöppl Andreas 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Metal hydrides exhibit interesting properties as hosts for
Eu(II) containing luminescent compounds due to the
nephelauxetic effect and the strong ligand field of the hydride
anion. In order to elucidate the lattice site symmetry of europium
dopants, Q-band and X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)
spectra were collected on LiMH3 : Eu2+ and
LiMD3 : Eu2+ (M = Sr,
Ba) powders with europium concentrations between 0.0037 and
0.27 mol %. They show well resolved hyperfine splitting in
the central part of the spectra due to magnetic electron spin-nuclear
spin coupling of 151Eu and 153Eu, and are in
good agreement with simulated spectra based upon cubic site
symmetry. Spin Hamiltonian parameters were extracted by spectral
analysis and are reported. Low intensity rhombic spectra contributions
could be assigned to small amounts of MH2 : Eu2+
or the respective deuterides as impurities in the samples. The results
of this EPR investigation and size considerations suggest that
europium is divalent and occupies the alkaline earth metal (M)
positions in LiMH3 : Eu2+ and
LiMD3 : Eu2+ (M = Sr,
Ba).
Does power output vary accordingly with high load resistance training? - A comparative study between Bulk-up and Strength-up resistance training
Authors: Shibata Keisuke , Takizawa Kazuki , Mizuno Masao 
Published: November 2015

<p>The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of six weeks of high-intensity resistance training on the power output of 14 university basketball players. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups: a hypertrophy-oriented group (bulk-up) and a neuromuscular improvement oriented-group (strength-up). The bulk-up group performed three sets of squat exercises at 75% of 1RM with 10 repetitions and 1-minute rest period between sets. The strength-up group performed six sets of squat exercises at 90% of 1RM with four repetitions and 3-minute rest period between sets. Both groups performed the squat exercises twice a week over a period of six weeks. The one repetition maximum (1RM) and muscle power of the squat were measured before training (0-wk), after three weeks of training (3-wk), and after six weeks of training (6-wk). The thigh circumference of each subject was measured at 0-wk and 6-wk. It is found that the 1RM of the squat increases significantly after the training period for both groups, and the rate of improvement does not differ between the groups at 6-wk (bulk-up group: 13.1 ± 9.3%, strength-up group: 12.6 ± 6.3%). It is also found that there is a significant increase in the thigh circumference (p &lt; 0.01) in the left leg for the bulk-up group. In contrast, there is a significant increase in the peak muscle power (POWmax) (p &lt; 0.05) for the strength-up group. The rate of increase for POWmax is different even after three weeks of training (bulk-up group: -4.5 ± 9.6%, strength-up group: 13.9 ± 13.6%). The results suggest that the effects of resistance training on the power output and thigh circumference vary according to the training programme even if the total work load remains the same. It is recommended that strength-up resistance training is implemented to increase muscle power. </p>
Effect of Catheter Dwell Time on Risk of Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infection in Infants
Authors: Greenberg Rachel G. , Cochran Keith M. , Smith P. Brian , Edson Barbara S. , Schulman Joseph , Lee Henry C. , Govindaswami Balaji , Pantoja Alfonso , Hardy Doug , Curran John , Lin Della , Kuo Sheree , Noguchi Akihiko , Ittmann Patricia , Duncan Scott , Gupta Munish , Picarillo Alan , Karna Padmani , Cohen Morris , Giuliano Michael , Carroll Sheri , Page Brandi , Guzman-Cottrill Judith , Walker M. Whit , Garland Jeff , Ancona Janice K. , Ellsbury Dan L. , Laughon Matthew M. , McCaffrey Martin J. 
Published: November 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Central venous catheters in the NICU are associated with significant morbidity and mortality because of the risk of central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of catheter dwell time on risk of CLABSI.METHODS:Retrospective cohort study of 13 327 infants with 15 567 catheters (93% peripherally inserted central catheters [PICCs], 7% tunneled catheters) and 256 088 catheter days cared for in 141 NICUs. CLABSI was defined using National Health Surveillance Network criteria. We defined dwell time as the number of days from line insertion until either line removal or day of CLABSI. We generated survival curves for each week of dwell time and estimated hazard ratios for CLABSI at each week by using a Cox proportional hazards frailty model. We controlled for postmenstrual age and year, included facility as a random effect, and generated separate models by line type.RESULTS:Median postmenstrual age was 29 weeks (interquartile range 26–33). The overall incidence of CLABSI was 0.93 per 1000 catheter days. Increased dwell time was not associated with increased risk of CLABSI for PICCs. For tunneled catheters, infection incidence was significantly higher in weeks 7 and 9 compared with week 1.CONCLUSIONS:Clinicians should not routinely replace uninfected PICCs for fear of infection but should consider removing tunneled catheters before week 7 if no longer needed. Additional studies are needed to determine what daily maintenance practices may be associated with decreased risk of infection, especially for tunneled catheters.
Nontherapeutic Use of Antimicrobial Agents in Animal Agriculture: Implications for Pediatrics
Authors: Paulson Jerome A. , Zaoutis Theoklis E. ,   THE COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH,   THE COMMITTEE ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Paulson Jerome A. , Ahdoot Samantha , Baum Carl R. , Bole Aparna , Brumberg Heather L. , Campbell Carla C. , Lanphear Bruce P. , Lowry Jennifer A. , Pacheco Susan E. , Spanier Adam J. , Trasande Leonardo , Byington Carrie L. , Maldonado Yvonne A. , Barnett Elizabeth D. , Davies H. Dele , Edwards Kathryn M. , Jackson Mary Anne , Murray Dennis L. , Nyquist Ann-Christine , Rathore Mobeen H. , Sawyer Mark H. , Schutze Gordon E. , Willoughby Rodney E. , Zaoutis Theoklis E. 
Published: November 2015

This Technical Report was revised. See https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2024-068467.
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most serious threats to public health globally and threatens our ability to treat infectious diseases. Antimicrobial-resistant infections are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. Infants and children are affected by transmission of susceptible and resistant food zoonotic pathogens through the food supply, direct contact with animals, and environmental pathways. The overuse and misuse of antimicrobial agents in veterinary and human medicine is, in large part, responsible for the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Approximately 80% of the overall tonnage of antimicrobial agents sold in the United States in 2012 was for animal use, and approximately 60% of those agents are considered important for human medicine. Most of the use involves the addition of low doses of antimicrobial agents to the feed of healthy animals over prolonged periods to promote growth and increase feed efficiency or at a range of doses to prevent disease. These nontherapeutic uses contribute to resistance and create new health dangers for humans. This report describes how antimicrobial agents are used in animal agriculture, reviews the mechanisms of how such use contributes to development of resistance, and discusses US and global initiatives to curb the use of antimicrobial agents in agriculture.
Respuestas fisiológicas de Theobroma cacao L. en etapa de vivero a la disponibilidad de agua en el suelo
Authors: Garcia Lozano Jairo , Moreno Fonseca Liz Patricia 
Published: November 2015

En el estudio se evaluó el efecto del déficit de agua en el potencial hídrico foliar y el intercambio de gases de plantas de tres clones de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) en etapa de vivero. El experimento se estableció en un diseño de parcela dividida con arreglo de bloques aleatorizados y cinco repeticiones. La parcela principal correspondió a cuatro niveles de agua disponible en el suelo y la subparcela a plántulas injerta-das de tres meses de edad. Los resultados mostraron diferencias altamente significativas (P &lt; 0.01) para los contenidos de agua en el suelo, pero no se encontraron diferencias entre los materiales evaluados. La pérdida de agua en el suelo disminuyó el potencial hídrico foliar (Ψf) y ocasionó el cierre de estomas alte-rando el intercambio de gases. El déficit de presión de vapor (DPV) se acentuó principalmente en horas del mediodía cuando aumentó la evapotranspiración. La magnitud del impacto del déficit hídrico depende de las variaciones climáticas a lo largo del día. Las variables climáticas que afectaron el desarrollo de la planta fueron la temperatura y la humedad relativa en forma de DPV. La fotosíntesis neta y el crecimien-to de las plántulas de cacao son variables fisiológicas muy sensibles al exceso y especialmente al déficit de agua.
Saberes e fazeres docentes: uma reflexão sobre autonomia e sucesso no ensino superior
Authors: Sá Maria José , Ferreira Elisabete , Ramos Katia Maria da Cruz 
Published: November 2015

Este trabalho tem como objetivo destacar o processo de ensino e aprendizagem no ensino superior (ES) como um espaço privilegiado para a (re)afirmação da autonomia acadêmica e construção da autonomia profissional. Para tanto, congrega uma reflexão sobre fatores que afetam o (in)sucesso de estudantes no ES e duas experiências formativas – uma que centra a atenção na relação estabelecida na supervisão de ensino como possibilidade de desencadear diálogos com o conhecimento autônomo, e outra que tem como foco a construção da profissionalidade docente de estudantes em processo de formação inicial, no âmbito do desafio da gestão compartilhada da organização do trabalho pedagógico. Nesse contexto, ao indiciar possibilidades da participação ativa na gestão da aula e alternativas de intervenção formativa, o estudo tem como horizonte contribuir na reflexão sobre saberes e fazeres docentes no âmbito da complexidade de se pensar o sucesso acadêmico do estudante em formação.
Ninguém tem a exclusividade do patrimônio humano e social. O movimento inclusivo
Authors: Gardou Charles 
Published: November 2015

Diante da amplitude dos fenômenos de exclusão, o presente artigo utiliza como tema os fundamentos para a vida compartilhada. A partir dos princípios e exigências de uma sociedade inclusiva, pretende estabelecer uma outra visão do patrimônio humano e social, do qual frequentemente permanecem privados os mais frágeis. O argumento explicita o alcance das discriminações permanentemente reproduzidas, revelando as violações de direitos que sofrem, dentre outros desfavorecidos ou marginalizados, aqueles marcados pela deficiência – expressão das fragilidades. Ser inclusivo não é fazer inclusão, para corrigir a posteriori os danos das iniquidades, das categorizações e dos ostracismos. É redefinir e dar novamente sentido à vida social na comunidade, admitindo que cada um de é legatário do que a sociedade tem de mais precioso.
A PRODUÇÃO DE CASTANHA DE CAJU E A DINÂMICA SOCIOESPACIAL DO MUNICÍPIO DE CARAÚBAS – RN
Authors: Fernandes Larissa Vieira 
Published: November 2015

A cultura do cajueiro começou a se desenvolver na zona rural do município de Caraúbas – RN na década de 1960. Observando a alta produção de caju, um grupo de empresários da cidade de Mossoró – RN instalou uma fábrica de beneficiamento da castanha de caju na zona urbana de Caraúbas denominada de Ademos Ferreira da Silva - Indústria, Comércio e Exportação (AFICEL). Após a instalação da unidade industrial, a vida urbana de Caraúbas foi dinamizada elevando-se o número de empregos gerados e a consequente indução do incremento na oferta dos serviços na cidade, como também, permitiu o surgimento de vários empreendimentos comerciais e a implantação da feira de confecção. Desse modo, o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a dinâmica socioespacial de Caraúbas – RN decorrente da atividade de produção de castanha de caju, no período compreendido entre os anos de 1980 e 2009. Para alcançarmos tal objetivo, fizemos uso de pesquisa bibliográfica, observações diretas na área de estudo, além da aplicação de formulários junto aos administradores da indústria de beneficiamento da castanha de caju, e aos agricultores que fornecem a matéria-prima. Com o estudo observou-se que a cajucultura e a fábrica de beneficiamento de castanha de caju contribuem significativamente para a atual dinâmica socioespacial do município de Caraúbas – RN
ARTERIAL ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION AND MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM DISTURBANCES
Authors: Tatarchenko I. P. , Pozdnyakova N. V. , Mordovina A. G. , Morozova O. I. 
Published: November 2015

Aim.To assess the role of vasomotor dysfunction and impaired flowdependent vasodilatation as a risk factor of silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2).Material and methods.The study included 128 patients (66 men and 62 women; mean age 59,3±4,7 years), who underwent Holter ECG monitoring, stress test (Bruce protocol), echocardiography, vascular ultrasound, and brachial artery endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDVD) assessment.Results.Patients with coronary heart disease and DM-2 demonstrated reduced EDVD levels (3,7±1,1%) and highly prevalent SMI (93,3%). There was a correlation between EDVD and the number (r=–0,68; p<0,05) or duration of SMI episodes (r=–0,53; p<0,01).Conclusion.Patients with DM-2 require the assessment of vasomotor endothelial function in order to predict cardiovascular complications. Coronary artery endothelial dysfunction, which manifests in inadequate vasodilatation in response to increased myocardial demand for oxygen, plays an important role in the ischemia development and progression.
INTERRELATION BETWEEN CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS AND TELOMERE BIOLOGY WITH THE SIGNS OF VASCULAR AGING
Authors: Kruglikova A. S. , Strajesko I. D. , Tkacheva O. N. , Akasheva D. U. , Plokhova E. V. , Pykhtina V. S. , Dudinskaya E. V. , Isaykina O. Yu. , Sharashkina N. V. , Ozerova I. N. , Vygodin V. A. , Gomyranova N. V. 
Published: November 2015

Aim.To study interrelationship between cardiovascular risk factors and cellular and vascular aging processes. Material and methods. Totally 136 patients were included having no signs of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes 2nd type and receiving no drug therapy, but with one or several risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (smoking, arterial hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, fasting hyperglycemia). The telomere length and telomerase activity was measured by polymerase chain reaction. The thickness of intima-media complex (TIMC) and presence of atherosclerotic plaques (ASP) were measured by duplex scanning of right and left carotid arteries. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured by applanation tonometry. Biochemical tests done by standard.Results.PWV significantly correlated with age, body mass index, glycosilated hemoglobin level, fasting glycemia and telomere length. Presence of ASP and increased TIMC significantly correlated with age, body mass index, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia.Conclusion.Increase of arterial wall stiffness and subclinical atherosclerotic disease have different causes. The level of PWV more linked with carbohydrate metabolism disorder, and TIMC and ASP are linked with lipid disorders.
SPECIFICS OF HEART RATE VARIABILITY AND PARAMETERS OF ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Kurdanova M. Kh. , Umetov M. A. , Beslaneev I. A. , Batyrbekova L. M. , Kurdanov Kh. A. 
Published: November 2015

Aim. Investigation of heart rate variability parameters (HRV), α- & β-rhythms of electroencephalography (EEG) and their interrelations in patients with arterial hypertension (AH).Material and methods. Totally 55 persons studied at the age 35-64 y.o. – 35 pts. with AH 2 stage and 20 healthy volunteers. All patients underwent clinical examination, including HRV and EEG. The HRVs were determined in frequency field of shared specter (SS) — VLF, LF, HF and static values – dynamic digits SDNN, SDANN and CV etc. EEG was done at 21-lead pattern with mono- and bipolar electrodes. The data obtained was processed by the parametric and nonparametric statistics software.Results. HRV parameters — SS, VLF, LF and SNDD were significantly decreased in the group of AH patients. Among HRV parameters (TP, VLF, LF, HF) and frequency and amplitude EEG values were found correlational linkages more prominent in AH patients.Conclusion. The data obtained witnesses close interconnections and relationships of HRV, bioelectricity of the brain and hemodynamic in patients with AH.
The Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment in Nonprofit Long Term Care Organizations: The Direct Care Worker Perspective
Authors: Porter Jeanette A. 
Published: November 2015

<p>The United States population is rapidly aging, and retaining direct care workers (DCWs) will continue to be a workforce concern for the industry in addressing the demand for long term care services. To date, scant literature exists that addresses the DCW perspective of leadership behaviors and their influence on organizational commitment. To respond to this deficiency, this research studied leadership behaviors of direct importance for DCWs at the immediate supervisor level, and provided empirical insight into organizational commitment among workers closest to patient care. Research on leader behaviors has focused on managerial and executive levels, with scant consideration in long term care at the lower hierarchical levels. Transformational leadership was hypothesized to have a significant positive relationship with organizational commitment, specifically affective and normative commitments, and a significant inverse relationship with continuance commitment. The quantitative correlational study explored the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment among 322 direct care workers employed by nonprofit, multi-level long term care organizations located in the Midwest. Results revealed a statistically significant relationship between overall transformational leadership and organizational commitment as well as affective and normative commitment dimensions, with no significant relationship found between transformational leadership and continuance commitment. The study results are beneficial to industry leaders, researchers, and policymakers for addressing operational policies, leadership training, human resource practices, and workforce policy development. Operational policies should reflect the values of the organization and follow from a compelling, collective vision and mission. Human resources practices warrant review if not aligned with the vision, mission, and values. Leadership development training should considered for continuing education for supervisors at all levels as well as for potential policy alternatives.</p><div> </div>
Promoción de la lectura en el marco educativo
Authors: Monar van Vliet Maite 
Published: November 2015

La investigación ofrece una visión teóricopráctica de la promoción de la lectura en un marco educativo concreto. Por una parte, se muestra el estado de la cuestión centrándose en el marco legislativo, la investigación y la promoción de la lectura virtual y, más en concreto, en el caso del País Valenciano, donde se ubica la investigación práctica llevada a cabo. A partir de la UNESCO, la LOE y los planes de lectura se plantea una panorámica de la legislación actual. Diferentes estudios realizados por especialistas en la materia enriquecen la visión y con las plataformas virtuales se completa la descripción teórica planteada. Por otra parte, se realiza un trabajo de campo cualitativo con el objetivo de evaluar los beneficios de la web, el blog y el wiki en el aula para la promoción lectora durante el curso escolar 2010-2011 con tres grupos de tres centros diferentes. El trabajo consiste en observar la aplicación de las plataformas digitales para la promoción de la lectura en el aula y en analizar su utilidad a través del estudio de casos, el grupo de discusión y la triangulación. La investigación concluye con unas reflexiones que invitan al lector a acercarse a la promoción de la lectura en el marco educativo con tecnologías virtuales.
Jóvenes y adolescentes hablan de lectura en la red
Authors: Lluch Gemma 
Published: November 2015

Este artículo documenta los espacios virtuales que congregan diariamente a cientos de adolescentes y jóvenes entre 13 y 29 años para hablar de libros, lectura y de autores. En estos espacios intercambian lecturas, reseñan sus relatos preferidos en sus blogs, debaten sobre si el narrador es adecuado para la narración o se quejan de cómo se trata la lectura en la escuela. La investigación se ha realizado a partir del estudio de dos casos: los foros de Laura Gallego y la campaña de promoción de venta del libro Delirium, de la Editorial SM, a través de los blogs administrados por los adolescentes y de las redes sociales Twitter y Facebook. Se han analizado 1.466 documentos de 452 sujetos para conocer cómo son estos espacios y qué características tienen. Se han combinado niveles de análisis: observación, descripción densa y análisis textual y se han analizado tanto los discursos (posts, comentarios, tuits y comentarios en foros) como los escenarios (blog, foro y Twitter). En esta investigación, las redes de comunicación virtual como el Twitter y los blogs se conciben como un fenómeno de comunicación social pero sobre todo como una herramienta para la promoción de la lectura entre los más jóvenes.