bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nursing Philosophy 2016, response to Peter Allmark's article, “Aristotle for Nursing”
Authors: Whelton Beverly J. B. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPreparing to lecture on Aristotle's contribution to Nursing at the International Philosophy of Nursing Conference August 22, 2016, in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, I came upon the recently published article by my IPONS colleague, Allmark (2016), “Aristotle for Nursing.” Allmark (2016) provides a comprehensive and understandable overview of Aristotle's philosophical system including the substantial nature of being and the four causes of change. Nurses using Aristotle to support practice and theoretical research will benefit from a careful reading of Allmark to enrich their use of the realist understanding of knowledge of nature (epistemology) and the matter–form causal relationships within natural being (ontology and teleology). Allmark carefully displays the distinction between good health and flourishing; a distinction sometimes hard to grasp. Nurses are concerned with the end of health, but cannot achieve for others, the fullness of living which is flourishing.We will limit ourselves to expanding three areas that seem important, first, that nursing is much more than a productive science or craft, second, that Aristotle does provide an important note on the persistence of the soul, and, third, while Aristotle does not address the possibility of a personal creative highest being as Allmark says, his references to the divine are worth considering.
Weight‐loss interventions and gut microbiota changes in overweight and obese patients: a systematic review
Authors: Seganfredo F. B. , Blume C. A. , Moehlecke M. , Giongo A. , Casagrande D. S. , Spolidoro J. V. N. , Padoin A. V. , Schaan B. D. , Mottin C. C. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryImbalances in the gut microbiota, the bacteria that inhabit the intestines, are central to the pathogenesis of obesity. This systematic review assesses the association between the gut microbiota and weight loss in overweight/obese adults and its potential manipulation as a target for treating obesity. This review identified 43 studies using the keywords ‘overweight’ or ‘obesity’ and ‘microbiota’ and related terms; among these studies, 17 used dietary interventions, 11 used bariatric surgery and 15 used microbiota manipulation. The studies differed in their methodologies as well as their intervention lengths. Restrictive diets decreased the microbiota abundance, correlated with nutrient deficiency rather than weight loss and generally reduced the butyrate producers Firmicutes, Lactobacillus sp. and Bifidobacterium sp. The impact of surgical intervention depended on the given technique and showed a similar effect on butyrate producers, in addition to increasing the presence of the Proteobacteria phylum, which is related to changes in the intestinal absorptive surface, pH and digestion time. Probiotics differed in strain and duration with diverse effects on the microbiota, and they tended to reduce body fat. Prebiotics had a bifidogenic effect and increased butyrate producers, likely due to cross‐feeding interactions, contributing to the gut barrier and improving metabolic outcomes. All of the interventions under consideration had impacts on the gut microbiota, although they did not always correlate with weight loss. These results show that restrictive diets and bariatric surgery reduce microbial abundance and promote changes in microbial composition that could have long‐term detrimental effects on the colon. In contrast, prebiotics might restore a healthy microbiome and reduce body fat.
Risk factors for early cardiovascular mortality in patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Tsai Shang‐Ying , Lee Chao‐Hsien , Chen Pao‐Huan , Chung Kuo‐Hsuan , Huang Shou‐Hung , Kuo Chian‐Jue , Wu Wen‐Cheng 
Published: May 2017

AimWe attempted to determine risk factors, particularly pathophysiological changes, for early cardiovascular mortality in bipolar disorder (BD).MethodsA total of 5416 inpatients with bipolar I disorder were retrospectively followed through record linkage for cause of death. A total of 35 patients dying from cardiovascular disease (CVD; ICD 9: 401–443) before the age of 65 years were identified. Two living BD patients and two mentally healthy adults were matched with each deceased patient as control subjects according to age (±2 years), sex, and date (±3 years) of the final/index admission or the date of general health screening. Data were obtained through medical record reviews.ResultsEighty percent of CVD deaths occurred within 10 years following the index admission. Conditional logistic regression revealed that the variables most strongly associated with CVD mortality were the leukocyte count and heart rate on the first day of the index hospitalization, as the deceased BD patients were compared with the living BD controls. Systolic pressure on the first day of the index hospitalization can be substituted for heart rate as another risk factor for CVD mortality.ConclusionIt is suggested that systemic inflammation and sympathetic overactivity during the acute phase of BD may be risk factors for early CVD mortality.
Skin pH and Transepidermal Water Loss Values in Children with Diaper Dermatitis in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Owa Adewale , Oladokun Regina , Osinusi Kikelomo 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesDiaper dermatitis (DD) is one of the most common skin conditions in infants and young children. Among the factors associated with greater frequency of DD are high skin pH and transepidermal water loss (TEWL). This study examined the prevalence of DD in healthy black children in Nigeria and evaluated the association between skin surface pH, TEWL, and DD in this population.MethodsThe study was cross‐sectional in design and involved children younger than 2 years attending eight immunization clinics in Ibadan, Nigeria (N = 424). Children were recruited into the study using multistage sampling. Information collected included sociodemographic data, diapering and feeding practices. Physical examination of the diaper area was performed on each child to determine whether dermatitis was present. TEWL and skin pH were measured on the anterior chest wall and gluteal areas of each child.ResultsA total of 165 (38.9%) children had clinical evidence of DD. The mean skin pH and TEWL values were higher in the gluteal area than the anterior chest wall in all subjects, with or without dermatitis. The mean skin pH and TEWL were significantly higher on the anterior chest wall and in the gluteal area in children with DD.ConclusionIn Nigerian children with DD, skin pH and TEWL are higher in the diaper area and at an unaffected skin site.
Phacomatosis Pigmentokeratotica: A Mosaic RASopathy with Malignant Potential
Authors: Om Amit , Cathey Sara S. , Gathings Robert M. , Hudspeth Michelle , Lee Jennifer A. , Marzolf Sean , Wine Lee Lara 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPhacomatosis pigmentokeratotica (PPK) is a rare epidermal nevus syndrome characterized by the co‐occurrence of a nevus sebaceous arranged along the lines of Blaschko with a speckled lentiginous nevus (SLN). We report a novel KRAS mutation in a patient with a large nevus sebaceous and an SLN who subsequently developed a vaginal botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma, an association not previously reported in the literature. This case expands our knowledge of the genetic basis for phacomatosis, in which mutations in HRAS have been previously described, although this report provides evidence that activating mutations in KRAS or HRAS may cause PPK. This report confirms that PPK is a mosaic RASopathy with malignant potential and raises the question of whether screening for other RAS‐associated malignancies should be performed for all children with PPK.
Xanthoma Disseminatum in a Young Patient with Diabetes Insipidus
Authors: Hui Yun , Zhang Cheng‐Zhen , Chen Jun , Kong Qing‐Tao , Chen Huan , Du Xue , Sang Hong 
Published: May 2017

AbstractXanthoma disseminatum (XD) is a nonfamilial type of normolipidemic mucocutaneous xanthomatosis that belongs to the group of non–Langerhans cell histiocytoses. More than 100 cases of XD have been reported. In this study we report a case of XD in a 4‐year‐old boy with diabetes insipidus (DI). This boy is one of the youngest patients ever to present with XD combined with DI.
Allergic Contact Dermatitis Due to Methylisothiazolinone in a Young Girl's Laundry Detergent
Authors: Cotton Colleen H. , Duah Cliff G. , Matiz Catalina 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMethylisothiazolinone (MI) is an emerging and increasing cause of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in children. We present the case of a 7‐year‐old girl with an unusual dermatitis suspicious for contact allergy. Patch testing confirmed allergy to MI, found only in the patient's laundry detergent. This case highlights the importance of checking household product ingredients and the role of MI as an increasing cause of ACD in children.
Halolike Phenomenon Around a Café au Lait Spot Superimposed on a Mongolian Spot
Authors: Neri Iria , Lambertini Martina , Tengattini Vera , Rivalta Beatrice , Patrizi Annalisa 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAn 8‐month‐old Caucasian infant with neurofibromatosis type 1 presented with a congenital plexiform neurofibroma and multiple café au lait spots. A pale area surrounded one of the café au lait spots located on the left gluteus in the area of dermal melanocytosis. This halolike phenomenon results from the disappearance of the Mongolian spot around the café au lait spots, revealing normal pigmented skin. This sign has been described rarely in the literature and the pathogenic mechanism is unclear.
A Young Child with Eosinophilia, Rash, and Multisystem Illness: Drug Rash, Eosinophilia, and Systemic Symptoms Syndrome After Receipt of Fluoxetine
Authors: Vignesh Pandiarajan , Kishore Janak , Kumar Ankur , Vinay Keshavamurthy , Dogra Sunil , Sreedharanunni Sreejesh , Prasun Giri Prabhas , Pal Priyankar , Ghosh Apurba 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDrug rash, eosinophilia, and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a severe systemic hypersensitivity reaction that usually occurs within 6 weeks of exposure to the offending drug. Diagnosis is usually straightforward in patients with pyrexia, skin rash, hepatitis, and eosinophilia with a preceding history of exposure to agents often associated with DRESS syndrome, such as aromatic anticonvulsants and sulfa drugs, but diagnosis of DRESS may still be a challenge. We report a 4‐year‐old child with probable DRESS syndrome complicated by multiple hematologic complications that developed 1 month after exposure to fluoxetine, a drug not known to be associated with such severe reactions.
Intraepidermal Type VII Collagen by Immunofluorescence Mapping: A Specific Finding for Bullous Dermolysis of the Newborn
Authors: Heinecke Gillian , Marinkovich M. Peter , Rieger Kerri E. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundBullous dermolysis of the newborn (BDN) is a subtype of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) characterized by skin fragility and blister formation at birth that typically resolves within the first year of life. Abnormal intraepidermal retention of type VII collagen (C7) has been reported as a characteristic feature of BDN, but few studies have investigated the specificity of this finding.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed pathology reports of patients diagnosed with DEB using immunofluorescence mapping from January 2001 to January 2015. For cases describing intraepidermal accumulation of C7, we collected information on patient characteristics, including genetic testing results, clinical outcome, and concurrent electron microscopy findings, where available.ResultsOf the 143 cases of DEB with immunofluorescence mapping, eight patients had intracytoplasmic epidermal retention of C7. Of these eight patients, two were lost to follow‐up, four had complete resolution of bullae, and two had marked improvement with rare residual bullae. Concurrent electron microscopic findings available for three patients were consistent with BDN.ConclusionsOur review of immunofluorescence mapping findings in patients with DEB found that 5.6% had abnormal intracytoplasmic epidermal retention of C7, a finding previously reported in BDN. All such patients with clinical outcomes available had resolution or marked improvement of bullae, consistent with clinical outcomes expected in BDN.
Case Series Study of the Efficacy of Compounded Antibacterial, Steroid, and Moisturizer in Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Lakhani Fatima , Lee Kachiu , Lio Peter A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesPrevious studies have demonstrated that the use of a topical antimicrobial combined with a steroid may benefit patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), but modern guidelines discourage the use of antimicrobials in treating this condition. We sought to evaluate the degree of improvement in the severity and extent of AD lesions after using a compounded antibacterial, steroid, and moisturizer (CASM).MethodsThis was a nonblinded retrospective review of patients with AD treated using CASM. Multiple patients in the study had previously failed mid‐ or higher‐potency topical steroids, systemic immunosuppressives, or phototherapy (standard therapy [ST] group). Patients were assessed at baseline and at one follow‐up visit, with an average follow‐up period of 49.5 days. We included all patients with AD in the database who were prescribed CASM and had one subsequent follow‐up appointment. We excluded patients who had newly started a systemic immunosuppressant or phototherapy at the time of beginning CASM.ResultsWe included 116 patients in the study. We observed a decrease in mean severity of 1.4 points on a 6‐point scale and an average decrease in body surface area (BSA) affected of 23.2 ± 2.5% overall and a decrease in mean severity of 1.4 points and average decrease in BSA affected of 19.7 ± 2.8% in the ST group.ConclusionCASM appears to be effective in the management of AD and may offer additional benefit for patients who have plateaued with standard therapies.
Bumps in the Road: Panniculitis in Children and Adolescents Treated with Vemurafenib
Authors: Finelt Nika , Lulla Rishi R. , Melin‐Aldana Hector , Ruth Jennifer Shuley , Lin Frank Y. , Su Jack M. , Pourciau Crystal Y. , Hunt Raegan D. , Kenner‐Bell Brandi M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractVemurafenib is increasingly being used to treat nonmelanoma tumors that are positive for the BRAF V600E mutation. We report three children who presented with panniculitis induced by vemurafenib while undergoing treatment for central nervous system tumors and review the literature.
Pediatric Pemphigus Herpetiformis: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Peterman Caitlin M. , Vadeboncoeur Sophie , Schmidt Birgitta A. , Gellis Stephen E. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPemphigus herpetiformis (PH) is a rare autoimmune bullous condition usually seen in adults and likely underrecognized in children. We describe a 2‐year‐old girl who presented with a chronic, generalized, blistering rash consistent with pediatric PH based on histology and immunohistochemistry and review the literature. Prognosis is generally more favorable in children than adults. Prednisone and dapsone should be considered as first‐line agents to induce remission.
The role of circadian clock genes in the photoperiodic timer of the linden bug Pyrrhocoris apterus during the nymphal stage
Authors: Kotwica‐Rolinska Joanna , Pivarciova Lenka , Vaneckova Hanka , Dolezel David 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMany insects survive seasonal adversities during diapause, a form of programmed developmental and metabolic arrest. Photoperiodically regulated entry into diapause allows multivoltine insect species to optimize the number of generations. The molecular mechanism of the photoperiodic timer is unknown in insects. In the present study, we take advantage of the robust reproductive diapause response in the linden bug Pyrrhocoris apterus and explore the fifth‐instar nymphal stage, which is the most photoperiod‐sensitive stage. The nymphs display daily changes in locomotor activity during short days; this differs from the activity observed during long days. We find evidence of cyclical expression of the circadian clock genes, per and cyc, in nymphal heads; in addition, per expression is also photoperiod‐dependent. The RNA interference‐mediated knockdown of the two circadian clock genes, Clk and cyc, during the nymphal stage results in reproductive arrest in adult females. Furthermore, Clk and cyc knockdown induces the expression of the storage protein hexamerin in the fat body, whereas the expression of vitellogenin diminishes. Taken together, these data support the involvement of circadian clock genes in photoperiodic timer and/or diapause induction.
Oral contraceptive pills: Risky or protective in case of Trichinella spiralis infection?
Authors: Hasby Saad M. A. , Radi D. A. , Hasby E. A. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate how Trichinella spiralis infection can be affected by contraceptive pills in vivo. Methods included six groups of female Wistar rats; healthy, Trichinella infected, receiving combined contraceptive pills (COCPs), receiving progestin only pills (POPs), infected receiving COCPs and infected receiving POPs. Parasite burden was measured; adult worm counts, gravidity, larvae and reproductive capacity index). Histopathological examination, immunohistochemical detection of C‐kit+ mast cells and Foxp3+ T‐reg. cells in intestinal sections, eosinophils muscle infiltration and CPK level were performed. Rats infected and receiving COCPs showed a significant increase in parasitic burden, and infected receiving POPs showed a significant reduction compared to infected only, with a significant increase in nongravid females (Mean total worms=964.40±55.9, 742±52.63, 686±31.68, larvae/g=5030±198.75, 2490±143.18 and 4126±152,91, respectively). Intestinal sections from infected receiving COCPs showed intact mucosa (though the high inflammatory cells infiltrate), and significant increase in C‐kit+ mast cells number and intensity (30.20±4.15 and 60.40±8.29), and Foxp3+ T‐reg. cells (10±1.58). Infected receiving POPs showed a significantly less CPK (5886±574.40) and eosinophilic muscle infiltration (58±13.51). Oestrogen‐containing pills established a favourable intestinal environment for Trichinella by enhancing Foxp+T‐reg. cells and stabilizing C‐kit+mast cells, while POPs gave a potential protection with less gravidity, larval burden and eosinophilic infiltrate.
Inference for Empirical Wasserstein Distances on Finite Spaces
Authors: Sommerfeld Max , Munk Axel 
Published: May 2017

SummaryThe Wasserstein distance is an attractive tool for data analysis but statistical inference is hindered by the lack of distributional limits. To overcome this obstacle, for probability measures supported on finitely many points, we derive the asymptotic distribution of empirical Wasserstein distances as the optimal value of a linear programme with random objective function. This facilitates statistical inference (e.g. confidence intervals for sample-based Wasserstein distances) in large generality. Our proof is based on directional Hadamard differentiability. Failure of the classical bootstrap and alternatives are discussed. The utility of the distributional results is illustrated on two data sets.
To be or not to be? A caregiver's question: the lived experience of a stroke family during the first 18 months poststroke
Authors: Olivier Cheryl L , Phillips Jill , Roy Dianne E 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundDisability following a stroke often requires family, commonly a spouse, to provide care enabling the stroke survivor to return home. Immediate or extended family and friends may help provide direct care or support the primary caregiver. While family members share the common stroke experience, this is lived within the context of separate lives. Research examining the individual nuances, roles and contribution of family and/or friends forming part of collective stroke networks, has largely been overlooked.AimThis New Zealand study aimed to explore the lived experience of three stroke family members during the 18 months following a first‐ever stroke.MethodHermeneutic phenomenology guided the study. Informed consent was obtained prior to individual interviews conducted 6 weeks, 12 months and 18 months poststroke.FindingsThree main themes emerged: (i) Being prepared, (ii) Where you stand changes the view and (iii) Relinquishing and reclaiming. Being prepared revealed how these family members anticipated the stroke and drew on personal and professional experience in facing the phenomenon. The second theme showed the influence of expectation and positionality on family members' experiences. Relinquishing and reclaiming identified loss, grief and a quest for equity in the synthesis of competing stroke survivor and caregiver desires.ConclusionsFamiliarity with the caregiving role and experience of unreliable community services led stroke family members to question the primary caregiver's ability to resume caregiving following a family member's stroke. The primary caregiver was physically and emotionally spent, and rest home care for the survivor became the only self‐preserving option. A new caring arrangement was formulated seeking equity for both stroke survivor and caregiver.
Do nurses and other health professionals’ in elderly care have education in family nursing?
Authors: Sunde Olivia Sissil , Øyen Karianne Røssummoen , Ytrehus Siri 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundFamily caregivers are an important resource for providing care to elderly living at home. How nurses and other health professionals interact with family caregivers can have both a positive and a negative impact on the family caregivers’ situation. We lack knowledge of Norwegian nurses’ and other health professionals’ participation in educational programmes about family caregivers’ needs and situations.AimThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether nurses and other health professionals working in home‐care nursing had participated in educational programmes about family caregivers. Additionally, the study aimed to determine whether participation in educational programmes was associated with awareness of family caregivers’ contributions to elder care.MethodsThis is a quantitative study, and it was conducted as a cross‐sectional study. The participants were required to be educated as nurses, nursing assistants or other health professionals with relevant health education and to be working with the elderly in home‐care nursing settings. Descriptive statistics and trivariate table analysis using the Pearson Chi‐square t‐test were conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).ResultA total of 152 nurses and health professionals in home‐care nursing in 23 municipalities have participated (in one county in Norway). The results showed that only half of the respondents had participated in educational programmes about family caregivers’ needs and situations. The study did not provide a clear answer regarding the association between participation in educational programmes and awareness of family caregivers’ contributions.ConclusionsThe results indicate that nurses and other health professionals, to a small extent, have participated in educational programmes about family caregivers. Our findings indicate that participation in educational programmes may be particularly important for health professionals in leadership positions and for health professionals with vocational training.