bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Trajectory of Anhedonic and Depressive Symptoms in Anorexia Nervosa: A Longitudinal and Cross‐Sectional Approach
Authors: Boehm Ilka , Flohr Luisa , Steding Julius , Holzapfel Larissa , Seitz Jochen , Roessner Veit , Ehrlich Stefan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAnhedonia, the inability to experience pleasure, is associated with depression, schizophrenia and also anorexia nervosa (AN). However, it remains unanswered whether anhedonic symptoms in AN are undernutrition‐dependent depressive symptoms or a core feature of AN. Therefore, we aim at investigating the trajectory of anhedonic and depressive symptoms over the course of the disorder. Self‐reported symptoms were collected in 35 nonmedicated acutely ill, 33 long‐term recovered patients and 62 healthy females. The majority of the acutely ill (n = 24) were followed up after >15% weight restoration (short‐term recovery). Anhedonia was found to be increased during the acute, short‐term as well as long‐term recovered state while depressive symptoms showed a reduction over time. Additionally, depressive symptoms were negatively associated with body mass index in acute patients. This provides evidence of anhedonia being a trait‐characteristic of AN, relatively unrelated to undernutrition‐dependent depressive symptoms. Results are discussed with regard to implications for treatment and prevention. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Toward improved analysis of concentration data: Embracing nondetects
Authors: Shoari Niloofar , Dubé Jean-Sébastien 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Various statistical tests on concentration data serve to support decision-making regarding characterization and monitoring of contaminated media, assessing exposure to a chemical, and quantifying the associated risks. However, the routine statistical protocols cannot be directly applied because of challenges arising from nondetects or left-censored observations, which are concentration measurements below the detection limit of measuring instruments. Despite the existence of techniques based on survival analysis that can adjust for nondetects, these are seldom taken into account properly. A comprehensive review of the literature showed that managing policies regarding analysis of censored data do not always agree and that guidance from regulatory agencies may be outdated. Therefore, researchers and practitioners commonly resort to the most convenient way of tackling the censored data problem by substituting nondetects with arbitrary constants prior to data analysis, although this is generally regarded as a bias-prone approach. Hoping to improve the interpretation of concentration data, the present article aims to familiarize researchers in different disciplines with the significance of left-censored observations and provides theoretical and computational recommendations (under both frequentist and Bayesian frameworks) for adequate analysis of censored data. In particular, the present article synthesizes key findings from previous research with respect to 3 noteworthy aspects of inferential statistics: estimation of descriptive statistics, hypothesis testing, and regression analysis. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:643–656. © 2017 SETAC
Regional oligodendrocytopathy and astrocytopathy precede myelin loss and blood–brain barrier disruption in a murine model of osmotic demyelination syndrome
Authors: Bouchat Joanna , Couturier Bruno , Marneffe Catherine , Gankam‐Kengne Fabrice , Balau Benoît , De Swert Kathleen , Brion Jean‐Pierre , Poncelet Luc , Gilloteaux Jacques , Nicaise Charles 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) is a non‐primary inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system myelin that is often associated with a precipitous rise of serum sodium concentration. To investigate the physiopathology of ODS in vivo, we generated a novel murine model based on the abrupt correction of chronic hyponatremia. Accordingly, ODS mice developed impairments in brainstem auditory evoked potentials and in grip strength. At 24 hr post‐correction, oligodendrocyte markers (APC and Cx47) were downregulated, prior to any detectable demyelination. Oligodendrocytopathy was temporally and spatially correlated with the loss of astrocyte markers (ALDH1L1 and Cx43), and both with the brain areas that will develop demyelination. Oligodendrocytopathy and astrocytopathy were confirmed at the ultrastructural level and culminated with necroptotic cell death, as demonstrated by pMLKL immunoreactivity. At 48 hr post‐correction, ODS brains contained pathognomonic demyelinating lesions in the pons, mesencephalon, thalamus and cortical regions. These damages were accompanied by blood–brain barrier (BBB) leakages. Expression levels of IL‐1β, FasL, TNFRSF6 and LIF factors were significantly upregulated in the ODS lesions. Quiescent microglial cells type A acquired an activated type B morphology within 24 hr post‐correction, and reached type D at 48 hr. In conclusion, this murine model of ODS reproduces the CNS demyelination observed in human pathology and indicates ambiguous causes that is regional vulnerability of oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, while it discards BBB disruption as a primary cause of demyelination. This study also raises new queries about the glial heterogeneity in susceptible brain regions as well as about the early microglial activation associated with ODS.
Adolescents' responses to online peer conflict: How self‐evaluation and ethnicity matter
Authors: Novin Sheida , Bos Marieke G.N. , Stevenson Claire E. , Rieffe Carolien 
Published: November 2017

AbstractFor parents, online platforms where their children interact with others often feel like a “black box” in terms of what exactly is happening. In this study, we developed an ecologically valid online computer game in which a (computer‐generated) peer teammate tried to provoke frustration, in order to examine (a) adolescents' responses and (b) how indices of self‐evaluation (i.e., sense of coherence and self‐esteem) and demographic variables (i.e., gender and ethnicity) matter to these responses. Like gender, being a member of a minority or majority group may influence how provocations by peers are interpreted, influencing how one responds. Fifteen‐year‐old Dutch and Moroccan‐Dutch adolescents (N = 167) completed self‐reports and played the online computer game. The game indeed elicited frustration, with increased self‐reported anger. Moreover, expressions of displeasure were much more common during and after provocation than before provocation. Crucially, perceived self‐evaluation mattered; higher levels of sense of coherence but lower levels of self‐esteem (only in Moroccan‐Dutch group) contributed to fewer expressions of displeasure. Gender did not play a moderating role. Our findings provide initial insights into individual differences in adolescents' responses in an online peer‐conflict situation.Highlights

We studied Dutch and Moroccan-Dutch adolescents' responses during online peer provocation and how self-evaluation and demographic variables matter.
Provocation by the (computer-generated) peer teammate increased expressions of displeasure.
More sense of coherence but less self-esteem was associated with fewer expressions of displeasure, but ethnicity moderated the effect with self-esteem.
Stimuli‐Responsive Cucurbit[n]uril‐Mediated Host‐Guest Complexes on Surfaces
Authors: Wiemann Maike , Jonkheijm Pascal 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSupramolecular functional surfaces are at the heart of many materials and medical applications. Increasing interest can be seen for devising new supramolecular functionalization strategies of surfaces. In this review we place particular emphasis on the use of cucurbit[n]uril‐mediated host‐guest complexation as surface functionalization strategy. The state of the art of cucurbit[n]uril‐mediated host‐guest complexes on surfaces is reviewed. Cucurbit[n]urils (CB[n]) are able to form strong host‐guest complexes with affinities that span several orders of magnitudes up to the regime of the biotin‐streptavidin pair and that can be modulated by applying remote stimuli provided suitably sensitive guests were selected. Strategies to fabricate stimuli‐responsive surfaces creates versatile supramolecular systems and several applications of these types of surfaces are outlined.
Using Regional Virtual Water Trade and Water Footprint Accounting for Optimizing Crop Patterns to Mitigate Water Crises in Dry Regions
Authors: Mojtabavi Seyed Amin , Shokoohi Alireza , Ramezani Etedali Hadi , Singh Vijay 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe Qazvin Plain is one of the most important crop‐producing regions in Iran that are facing water shortage crises. Therefore, agricultural water management has been taken into consideration. In this study, water footprint (WF) accounting and virtual water (VW) trade were employed to determine the current condition of the plain's water resources. The total WF was obtained as 2050 MCM yr−1, of which green, blue, grey and white WF accounted for 31, 25, 2 and 42%, respectively. Having 44% of the total WF as the sum of the grey and white WFs revealed the low irrigation efficiency and overuse of nitrogen fertilizers. VW, water resources footprint (WRF) and net benefit achieved through export of agricultural crops were about 1020 MCM yr−1, 783 MCM yr−1 and US$95.2 million, respectively. Twelve scenarios were defined to determine the best crop patterns. Scenarios 9 and 11 were close to the current situation in terms of keeping the cultivated area and net benefit, as they would save 23.3 and 23.8% of WRF, respectively. Furthermore, in these scenarios economic water footprint (WFE) would improve from 21.5 to 15.9 and 15.5 m3 US$−1, respectively. This study showed that accepting the VW trade concept and using WF accounting for agricultural water planning and management can lead to sustainable development in areas suffering from water shortage. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fabrication, characterization, and biocompatibility assessment of a novel elastomeric nanofibrous scaffold: A potential scaffold for soft tissue engineering
Authors: Shamirzaei Jeshvaghani Elham , Ghasemi‐Mobarakeh Laleh , Mansurnezhad Reza , Ajalloueian Fatemeh , Kharaziha Mahshid , Dinari Mohammad , Sami Jokandan Maryam , Chronakis Ioannis S. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWith regard to flexibility and strength properties requirements of soft biological tissue, elastomeric materials could be more beneficial in soft tissue engineering applications. The present work investigates the use of an elastic polymer, (polycaprolactone fumarate [PCLF]), for fabricating an electrospun scaffold. PCLF with number‐average molecular weight of 13,284 g/mol was synthetized, electrospun PCLF:polycaprolactone (PCL) (70:30) nanofibrous scaffolds were fabricated and a novel strategy (in situ photo‐crosslinking along with wet electrospinning) was applied for crosslinking of PCLF in the structure of PCLF:PCL nanofibers was presented. Sol fraction results, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and mechanical tests confirmed occurrence of crosslinking reaction. Strain at break and Young's modulus of crosslinked PCLF:PCL nanofibers fabricated was found to be 114.5 ± 3.9% and 0.6 ± 0.1 MPa, respectively, and dynamic mechanical analysis results revealed elasticity of nanofibers. MTS assay showed biocompatibility of PCLF:PCL (70:30) nanofibrous scaffolds. Our overall results showed that electrospun PCLF:PCL nanofibrous scaffold could be considered as a candidate for further in vitro and in vivo experiments and its application for engineering of soft tissues subjected to in vivo cyclic mechanical stresses. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2371–2383, 2018.
Chemotherapy: adding to the risk of falls?
Authors: Chan Jenny Tse Kwan , Jones Ellen 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundFalls significantly impact morbidity and mortality. The contributing factors to falls are multifactorial and apart from well‐documented risk factors, such as age, gender, adverse effects from medications and other comorbidities, chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is overlooked as a contributing cause in cancer patients.Clinical detailsWe report a case involving a generally healthy 70‐year‐old woman who presented with a fall following several cycles of paclitaxel‐based chemotherapy for early breast cancer.OutcomesCurrently there is insufficient data to recommend treatment for CIPN. The patient's progressive worsening of paclitaxel‐induced peripheral neuropathy and fatigue were deemed to be the main contributing factors to her fall. The scheduled paclitaxel was discontinued prematurely due to the negative impacts on the patient's quality of life outweighing the benefits of completing the course of treatment. This case also highlights the use of a multi‐disciplinary approach to optimise patient care and treatment outcome.ConclusionCIPN may easily be overlooked, especially in the context of assessing risk of falls in patients at risk of CIPN. This could be monitored and managed effectively by the multidisciplinary team.
Successful autologous stem cell transplant with LACE‐chemotherapy on the background of human immunodeficiency virus
Authors: Maleki Sam , Coutsouvelis John , Booth Diana L. , Patil Sushrut 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimTo describe a case of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and successful engraftment in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patient with lymphoma while continuing anti‐retroviral treatment (ART).Clinical CaseA 55‐year‐old man was admitted for LACE (lomustine, etoposide, cytarabine and cyclophosphamide) ASCT for anaplastic large cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma, initially treated with CHO(E)P (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, etoposide, prednisolone) chemotherapy. Medical history included HIV (CD4 count 329 cells per/μL and suppressed viral load for last 10 years) and doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity. After a complete remission demonstrated on positron emission tomography (PET) scan and bone marrow biopsy, it was decided to proceed to ASCT to consolidate treatment. Pre‐existing regimen of raltegravir and emtricitabine/tenofovir was continued and full dose conditioning regimen LACE was utilised. Post‐ASCT complications included culture positive Enterobacter and Enterococcal neutropenic hypotensive septicaemia and Clostridium difficile diarrhoea. After a nadir of 0.0 × 109/L, neutrophils recovered to 0.86 × 109/L on day 16.OutcomeEngraftment was successful, with neutrophils at >1.0 × 109/L and all complications had resolved by day 30 post‐transplant. At 6 months follow‐up, CD4 count dropped to 201.6 cells per/μL and viral load remained stable.ConclusionASCT, with full‐dose conditioning, can be performed while ART therapy continues, with no adverse impact on engraftment or HIV control.
Innovative food products for cancer patients: future directions
Authors: Tueros Itziar , Uriarte Matxalen 
Published: November 2017

AbstractOne of the main challenges for cancer patients under treatment is to prevent and tackle malnutrition. The current clinical nutrition market offers different food supplements or oral nutritional support products (mainly milkshakes or modified texture products) for cancer patients under risk of malnutrition. However, it is worth mentioning that these products do not address the pleasure of eating, since they do not meet sensory requirements, such as taste and smell alterations, nor patients' food preferences, leading to a big impact on their quality of life (QOL). Still, controversy remains regarding the specific nutritional requirements for cancer patients during the disease. Several randomized controlled clinical trials yield opposite results when using different bioactive compounds such as omega‐3 fatty acids or antioxidants in order to prevent malnutrition or improve QOL. The use of ‘omics’ technologies in oncology, such as membrane lipidomics, as a powerful tool to provide new insights for the understanding of diet and cancer and their interacting metabolic pathways, will be discussed. The better knowledge of specific requirements (nutrients, sensory parameters and food preferences) for cancer patients provides valuable information for the food industry in the design of customized food products capable of preventing malnutrition, alleviating symptoms and improving QOL. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Structural and Kinetic Considerations for the Application of the Traceless Staudinger Ligation to Future 18F Radiolabeling Using XRD and 19F NMR
Authors: Köckerling Martin , Mamat Constantin 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTA 4‐fluorobenzoate‐functionalized phosphane was synthesized and reacted with different azides using the traceless Staudinger ligation as a representative sample reaction for future radiolabeling purposes with short‐lived radionuclides like fluorine‐18. For this purpose, the reaction rate was evaluated at different temperatures. The effect of starting material concentrations and the influence of the steric effect coming from the applied azides were investigated. 19F NMR was used to determine the reaction half‐live (τ1/2) and the reaction rate constant (kobs) of this ligation under mild reaction conditions in a water–acetonitrile mixture. Furthermore, the phosphane key compound 1 (orthorhombic, space group Pna21, a = 18.6363(9), b = 8.3589(4), c = 18.5480(9) Å, V = 2889.4(2) Å3, Z = 8, Dobs = 1.277 g/cm3), which acts as starting material for all subsequent syntheses, and the fluorine‐containing phosphane 3 (monoclinic, space group P21/c, a = 8.321(2), b = 16.160(4), c = 14.940(4) Å, β = 99.51(1)°, V = 1981.4(8) Å3, Z = 4, Dobs = 1.342 g/cm3) were analyzed by single‐crystal XRD.
APOE, thought disorder, and SPARE‐AD predict cognitive decline in established Parkinson's disease
Authors: Tropea Thomas F. , Xie Sharon X. , Rick Jacqueline , Chahine Lana M. , Dahodwala Nabila , Doshi Jimit , Davatzikos Christos , Shaw Leslie M. , Van Deerlin Vivianna , Trojanowski John Q. , Weintraub Daniel , Chen‐Plotkin Alice S. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundPeople with PD are at high risk of developing cognitive impairment and dementia. Cross‐sectional studies have identified candidate biomarkers associated with cognitive decline. However, longitudinal studies on this topic are rarer, and few have investigated the use of biomarker panels encompassing multiple modalities. The objective of this study was to find baseline predictors of cognitive decline in longitudinally followed, nondemented Parkinson's disease patients.MethodsWe performed a prospective cohort study of 100 PD patients with a median disease duration of 6.4 years. All participants were nondemented at baseline. We examined 16 baseline biomarkers from clinical, genetic, biochemical, and MRI‐based imaging modalities for their association with longitudinal cognitive decline for up to 8 years. We investigated biomarkers individually, as well as in a multivariate linear mixed‐effects model encompassing multimodal biomarkers, with change in the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale‐2 over time as the primary outcome. Annual consensus process‐derived cognitive diagnosis was used for Cox proportional hazards modeling of risk for cognitive decline.ResultsIn multivariate analysis, the presence of the APOE E4 allele, thought disorder, and an Alzheimer's disease pattern of brain atrophy (spatial pattern of abnormality for recognition of early Alzheimer's disease index) best predicted cognitive decline, with APOE E4 genotype exerting the greatest effect. The presence of the APOE E4 allele was associated with a 3.5 times higher risk of worsening cognitive diagnosis over time (HR, 3.53; 95% CI, 1.52‐8.24; P < 0.05). The APOE genotype effect was not specific to any Mattis Dementia Rating Scale‐2 domain.ConclusionsOur results confirm the importance of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers as risk factors for cognitive decline in established Parkinson's disease. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Brazilian Northeast Jet Stream: association with synoptic‐scale systems
Authors: Fedorova Natalia , Levit Vladimir , Campos Antonio Marcos Vianna 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTThe association of the Brazilian Northeast Jet Stream (BNEJS) with synoptic‐scale systems was analysed over 16 years (1994–2009) using reanalysis data from the National Center for Environmental Prediction – National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP‐NCAR). BNEJS events were divided into three groups, which show the location of the jet stream between synoptic systems at high levels: Type I, a southerly BNEJS between the Bolivian High and upper tropospheric cyclonic vortexes (UTCVs) and/or the trough (UTT) over the ocean; Type II, a northerly BNEJS between the South Atlantic Subtropical High (SASH) and the UTCV (and/or the UTT) over the continent; and Type III, a westerly BNEJS between the UTCV in the Northern Hemisphere and a UTT in the Southern Hemisphere. Throughout the year depending on the characteristics of the BNEJS, three distinct meteorological features were observed. A dry period from December to February in the coastal region was characterized by a relatively small number of fast BNEJSs with a low wind speed in the core, with a dominant southeast direction and with the BNEJS's location between the UTCV and the Bolivian High. A period between April and October (a rainy period and the transition to a dry season in the coastal region) was characterized by a rather high number of fast BNEJSs, with high wind speed in the core, a predominant northwesterly direction, and the location of the BNEJS between the UTT and the SASH. Transitional periods (March and November) have a moderate number of BNEJSs without a high wind speed in the core, with a predominant southwesterly direction, and the BNEJS's position between the UTT and the Bolivian High.
Study of mechanical and tribological properties of nylon 66‐titanium dioxide microcomposite
Authors: Guglani Lalit , Gupta T.C. 
Published: November 2017

Nylon 66 microcomposites with various weight percentage of titanium dioxide (TiO2) were prepared by a twin screw extruder and investigated for mechanical and tribological properties. Mechanical properties of the composite such as tensile strength/modulus, flexural strength/modulus, impact, and compressive strength first showed an increase up to 6 wt% TiO2 followed by a decrease at higher filler loading. The value of heat deflection temperature increased with the increase in wt% of TiO2. Sliding wear tests were performed on pin‐on‐disk equipment under different loads, sliding velocity, and sliding distance combinations. It was found that micro‐TiO2‐Nylon 66 composite exhibited reduced wear and coefficient of friction up to 6 wt% TiO2. Micro‐TiO2 at 2 wt% was most effective in improving the tribological properties of plain nylon 66. The worn surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscopy to understand the wear mechanism. The optimal combination from 2 wt% to 6 wt% micro‐TiO2‐Nylon 66 can be used depending upon the application requiring improvement in tribological or mechanical properties, respectively.