bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteinuria as an independent risk factor for contrast-induced acute kidney injury and mortality in patients with stroke undergoing cerebral angiography
Authors: Tao Yiming , Dong Wei , Li Zhilian , Chen Yuanhan , Liang Huaban , Li Ruizhao , Mo Liyi , Xu Lixia , Liu Shuangxin , Shi Wei , Zhang Li , Liang Xinling 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe correlation between proteinuria and contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in patients with cerebrovascular disease is still unknown.ObjectiveTo determine whether proteinuria is a risk factor for CI-AKI and death in patients with stroke undergoing cerebral angiography.MethodsData from 2015 patients with stroke undergoing cerebral angiography between January 2009 and December 2013 were retrospectively collected. Clinical parameters were obtained from the hospital's computerized database. All variables were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsCI-AKI was seen in 85 patients (4.2%). After adjustment for potential confounding risk factors, patients with proteinuria had a fivefold higher risk of CI-AKI than patients without proteinuria (OR=5.74; 95% CI 2.23 to 14.83; p<0.001). Other independent risk factors for CI-AKI were estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, anemia, and a high National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score. Proteinuria did not increase in-hospital mortality (OR=1.25; 95% CI 0.49 to 3.17; p=0.639) but did increase 1-year mortality (HR=2.30, 95% CI 1.55 to 3.41, p<0.001).ConclusionsProteinuria is an independent risk factor for CI-AKI and 1-year mortality in patients with stroke undergoing cerebral angiography. More attention should be paid to the development of CI-AKI in patients with stroke with proteinuria.
A decrease in blood pressure is associated with unfavorable outcome in patients undergoing thrombectomy under general anesthesia
Authors: Treurniet Kilian M , Berkhemer Olvert A , Immink Rogier V , Lingsma Hester F , Ward-van der Stam Vivian M C , Hollmann Markus W , Vuyk Jaap , van Zwam Wim H , van der Lugt Aad , van Oostenbrugge Robert J , Dippel Diederik W J , Coutinho Jonathan M , Roos Yvo B W E M , Marquering Henk A , Majoie Charles B L M 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundUp to two-thirds of patients are either dependent or dead 3 months after thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Loss of cerebral autoregulation may render patients with AIS vulnerable to decreases in mean arterial pressure (MAP).ObjectiveTo determine whether a fall in MAP during intervention under general anesthesia (GA) affects functional outcome.MethodsThis subgroup analysis included patients from the MR CLEAN trial treated with thrombectomy under GA. The investigated variables were the difference between MAP at baseline and average MAP during GA (ΔMAP) as well as the difference between baseline MAP and the lowest MAP during GA (ΔLMAP). Their association with a shift towards better outcome on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) after 90 days was determined using ordinal logistic regression with adjustment for prognostic baseline variables.ResultsSixty of the 85 patients treated under GA in MR CLEAN had sufficient anesthetic information available for the analysis. A greater ΔMAP was associated with worse outcome (adjusted common OR (acOR) 0.95 per point mm Hg, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.99). An average MAP during GA 10 mm Hg lower than baseline MAP constituted a 1.67 times lower odds of a shift towards good outcome on the mRS. For ΔLMAP this association was not significant (acOR 0.97 per mm Hg, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.00, p=0.09).ConclusionsA decrease in MAP during intervention under GA compared with baseline is associated with worse outcome.Trial registration numberNTR1804;ISRCTN10888758; post-results.
In vivo biocompatibility and pacing function study of silver ion-based antimicrobial surface technology applied to cardiac pacemakers
Authors: Shawcross James , Bakhai Ameet , Ansaripour Ali , Armstrong James , Lewis David , Agg Philip , De Godoy Roberta , Blunn Gordon 
Published: April 2017

IntroductionEvidence suggests that the rate of cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infections is increasing more rapidly than the rates of CIED implantation and is associated with considerable mortality, morbidity and health economic impact. Antimicrobial surface treatments are being developed for CIEDs to reduce the risk of postimplantation infection within the subcutaneous implant pocket.Methods and analysisThe feasibility of processing cardiac pacemakers with the Agluna antimicrobial silver ion surface technology and in vivo biocompatibility were evaluated. Antimicrobially processed (n=6) and control pacemakers (n=6) were implanted into subcutaneous pockets and connected to a part of thesacrospinalismuscle using an ovine model for 12 weeks. Pacemaker function was monitored preimplantation and postimplantation.ResultsNeither local infection nor systemic toxicity were detected in antimicrobial or control devices, and surrounding tissues showed no abnormal pathology or over-reactivity. Semiquantitative scores of membrane formation, cellular orientation and vascularity were applied over five regions of the pacemaker capsule and average scores compared. Results showed no significant difference between antimicrobially processed and control pacemakers. Silver analysis of whole blood at 7 days found that levels were a maximum of 10 parts per billion (ppb) for one sample, more typically ≤2 ppb, compared with <<2 ppb for preimplantation levels, well below reported toxic levels.ConclusionsThere was no evidence of adverse or abnormal pathology in tissue surrounding antimicrobially processed pacemakers, or deleterious effect on basic pacing capabilities and parameters at 12 weeks. This proof of concept study provides evidence of basic biocompatibility and feasibility of applying this silver ion-based antimicrobial surface to a titanium pacemaker surface.
Topological field theories on manifolds with Wu structures
Authors: Monnier Samuel 
Published: April 2017

We construct invertible field theories generalizing abelian prequantum spin Chern–Simons theory to manifolds of dimension [Formula: see text] endowed with a Wu structure of degree [Formula: see text]. After analyzing the anomalies of a certain discrete symmetry, we gauge it, producing topological field theories whose path integral reduces to a finite sum, akin to Dijkgraaf–Witten theories. We take a general point of view where the Chern–Simons gauge group and its couplings are encoded in a local system of integral lattices.The Lagrangian of these theories has to be interpreted as a class in a generalized cohomology theory in order to obtain a gauge invariant action. We develop a computationally friendly cochain model for this generalized cohomology and use it in a detailed study of the properties of the Wu Chern–Simons action. In the 3-dimensional spin case, the latter provides a definition of the “fermionic correction” introduced recently in the literature on fermionic symmetry protected topological phases.In order to construct the state space of the gauged theories, we develop an analogue of geometric quantization for finite abelian groups endowed with a skew-symmetric pairing.The physical motivation for this work comes from the fact that in the [Formula: see text] case, the gauged 7-dimensional topological field theories constructed here are essentially the anomaly field theories of the 6-dimensional conformal field theories with [Formula: see text] supersymmetry, as will be discussed elsewhere.
CIC-DUX4 Induces Small Round Cell Sarcomas Distinct from Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: Yoshimoto Toyoki , Tanaka Miwa , Homme Mizuki , Yamazaki Yukari , Takazawa Yutaka , Antonescu Cristina R. , Nakamura Takuro 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
CIC-DUX4 sarcoma (CDS) or CIC-rearranged sarcoma is a subcategory of small round cell sarcoma resembling the morphological phenotypes of Ewing sarcoma (ES). However, recent clinicopathologic and molecular genetic analyses indicate that CDS is an independent disease entity from ES. Few ancillary markers have been used in the differential diagnosis of CDS, and additional CDS-specific biomarkers are needed for more definitive classification. Here, we report the generation of an ex vivo mouse model for CDS by transducing embryonic mesenchymal cells (eMC) with human CIC-DUX4 cDNA. Recipient mice transplanted with eMC-expressing CIC-DUX4 rapidly developed an aggressive, undifferentiated sarcoma composed of small round to short spindle cells. Gene-expression profiles of CDS and eMC revealed upregulation of CIC-DUX4 downstream genes such as PEA3 family genes, Ccnd2, Crh, and Zic1. IHC analyses for both mouse and human tumors showed that CCND2 and MUC5AC are reliable biomarkers to distinguish CDS from ES. Gene silencing of CIC-DUX4 as well as Ccnd2, Ret, and Bcl2 effectively inhibited CDS tumor growth in vitro. The CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib and the soft tissue sarcoma drug trabectedin also blocked the growth of mouse CDS. In summary, our mouse model provides important biological information about CDS and provides a useful platform to explore biomarkers and therapeutic agents for CDS. Cancer Res; 77(11); 2927–37. ©2017 AACR.
Molecular Pathways: Metabolic Control of Histone Methylation and Gene Expression in Cancer
Authors: Tran Thai Q. , Lowman Xazmin H. , Kong Mei 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Epigenetic alterations contribute to tumor development, progression, and therapeutic response. Many epigenetic enzymes use metabolic intermediates as cofactors to modify chromatin structure. Emerging evidence suggests that fluctuation in metabolite levels may regulate activities of these chromatin-modifying enzymes. Here, we summarize recent progress in understanding the cross-talk between metabolism and epigenetic control of gene expression in cancer. We focus on how metabolic changes, due to diet, genetic mutations, or tumor microenvironment, regulate histone methylation status and, consequently, affect gene expression profiles to promote tumorigenesis. Importantly, we also suggest some potential therapeutic approaches to target the oncogenic role of metabolic alterations and epigenetic modifications in cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 23(15); 4004–9. ©2017 AACR.
MIDAS (Modafinil in Debilitating Fatigue After Stroke)
Authors: Bivard Andrew , Lillicrap Thomas , Krishnamurthy Venkatesh , Holliday Elizabeth , Attia John , Pagram Heather , Nilsson Michael , Parsons Mark , Levi Christopher R. 
Published: April 2017

Background and Purpose—
This study aimed to assess the efficacy of modafinil, a wakefulness-promoting agent in alleviating post-stroke fatigue ≥3 months after stroke. We hypothesized that 200 mg of modafinil daily for 6 weeks would result in reduced symptoms of fatigue compared with placebo.

Methods—
This single-center phase 2 trial used a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design. The key inclusion criterion was a multidimensional fatigue inventory score of ≥60. Patients were randomized to either modafinil or placebo for 6 weeks of therapy, then after a 1 week washout period swapped treatment arms for a second 6 weeks of therapy. The primary outcome was the multidimensional fatigue inventory; secondary outcomes included the Montreal cognitive assessment, the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS), and the Stroke-Specific Quality of Life (SSQoL) scale. The multidimensional fatigue inventory is a self-administered questionnaire with a range of 0 to 100. Treatment efficacy was assessed using linear regression by estimating within-person, baseline-adjusted differences in mean outcomes after therapy. This trial was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12615000350527).

Results—

A total of 232 stroke survivors were screened and 36 were randomized. Participants receiving modafinil reported a significant decrease in fatigue (multidimensional fatigue inventory, −7.38; 95% CI, −21.76 to −2.99;
P
<0.001) and improved quality of life (SSQoL, 11.81; 95% CI, 2.31 to 21.31;
P
=0.0148) compared with placebo. Montreal cognitive assessment and DASS were not significantly improved with modafinil therapy during the study period (
P
>0.05).

Conclusions—
Stroke survivors with nonresolving fatigue reported reduced fatigue and improved quality of life after taking 200 mg daily treatment with modafinil.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=368268
. Unique identifier: ACTRN12615000350527.
Cooperation: The Path to Agricultural Development in China (合作：中国农业发展道路的讨论)
Authors: Wang (王小鲁) Xiaolu , Jiang (姜斯栋) Sidong 
Published: April 2017

Chinese agriculture underwent a tortuous development process. Given relative scarcity in land, the trend of continued increases in grain output is currently close to its limit. Meanwhile, along with increasing income and diversifying demand, the agricultural sector needs to change its pattern of development from quantitative to qualitative. Farm size will increase moderately along with urbanization and labor migration, but capitalized large farms should not become the main pattern. Household farming plus cooperation suits China’s natural endowment and efficiency needs better.
中国农业过去经历了曲折的发展过程。目前在有限土地上推动粮食等传统农产品不断增产的农业道路已经临近极限，同时随着居民收入水平提高和需求变化，农业发展需要从数量满足向质量优化转型。伴随城市化进展和劳动力转移，农业会适度扩大经营规模，但资本化大农场不应成为农业的主流经营方式。农户家庭经营加合作的方式将更加适合中国的资源禀赋和总体效率要求。 (This article is in Chinese.)
The Role of Mesoscale-Convective Processes in Explaining the 21 November 2016 Epidemic Thunderstorm Asthma Event in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Grundstein Andrew , Shepherd Marshall , Miller Paul , Sarnat Stefanie Ebelt 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA major thunderstorm asthma epidemic struck Melbourne and surrounding Victoria, Australia, on 21 November 2016, which led to multiple deaths, a flood of residents seeking medical attention for respiratory problems, and an overwhelmed emergency management system. This case day had all the classic ingredients for an epidemic, including high rye grass pollen concentrations, a strong multicellular thunderstorm system moving across the region, and a large population of several million people in the vicinity of Melbourne. A particular characteristic of this event was the strong, gusty winds that likely spread the pollen grains and/or allergenic contents widely across the region to increase population exposure. This exploratory case study is the first to examine the usefulness of low-to-middle-atmospheric thermodynamic information for anticipating epidemic thunderstorm asthma outbreaks by allowing the forecast of strong downdraft winds. The authors investigated the utility of several mesoscale products derived from atmospheric soundings such as downdraft convective available potential energy (DCAPE) and indices for predicting surface wind gusts such as microburst wind speed potential index (MWPI) and a wind gust index (GUSTEX). These results indicate that DCAPE levels reached “high” to “very high” thresholds for strong downdraft winds in the lead-up to the thunderstorm, and the MWPI and GUSTEX indices accurately predicted the high maximum surface wind observations. This information may be useful for diagnostic and prognostic assessment of epidemic thunderstorm asthma and in providing an early warning to health practitioners, emergency management officials, and residents in affected areas.
Assessing the Effect of Preoperative Nutrition on Upper Body Function in Elderly Patients Undergoing Elective Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Sikder Tarifin , Maimon Geva , Sourial Nadia , Tahiri Mehdi , Teasdale Debby , Bernier Paule , Fraser Shannon A. , Demyttenaere Sebastian , Bergman Simon 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackground: Malnutrition among elderly surgical patients has been associated with poor postoperative outcomes and reduced functional status. Although previous studies have shown that nutrition contributes to patient outcomes, its long‐term impact on functional status requires better characterization. This study examines the effect of nutrition on postoperative upper body function over time in elderly patients undergoing elective surgery. Methods: This is a 2‐year prospective study of elderly patients (≥70 years) undergoing elective abdominal surgery. Preoperative nutrition status was determined with the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). The primary outcome was handgrip strength (HGS) at 1, 4, 12, and 24 weeks postsurgery. Repeated measures analysis was used to determine whether SGA status affects the trajectory of postoperative HGS. Results: The cohort included 144 patients with a mean age of 77.8 ± 5.0 years and a mean body mass index of 27.7 ± 5.1 kg/m2. The median (interquartile range) Charlson Comorbidity Index was 3 (2–6). Participants were categorized as well‐nourished (86%) and mildly to moderately malnourished (14%), with mean preoperative HGS of 25.8 ± 9.2 kg and 19.6 ± 7.0 kg, respectively. At 24 weeks, 64% of well‐nourished patients had recovered to baseline HGS, compared with 44% of mildly to moderately malnourished patients. Controlling for relevant covariates, SGA did not significantly affect the trajectory of postoperative HGS. Conclusion: While HGS values over the 24 weeks were consistently higher in the well‐nourished SGA group than the mildly to moderately malnourished SGA group, no difference in the trajectories of HGS was detected between the groups.
Effect of the Brazilian iron fortification of wheat and corn flour on the nutritional iron status in adolescents, 6 years after its implementation
Authors: Hirata Alexandre Massashi , Braga Josefina Aparecida Pellegrini , Vitalle Maria Sylvia de Souza , Silverio Amancio Olga Maria 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Background
As it is difficult to know the content of iron added in the Brazilian iron fortification of wheat and corn flour, and if the compound has good or poor bioavailability, the objective was to assess the effect of the Brazilian iron fortification program, as it was carried out, on iron nutritional status of adolescents, 6 years after its implementation.

Methods
A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted with adolescents aged 10 to 17 years, both sexes, treated at a primary health care center. Data were collected from medical records of patients and compared with those of a previous survey conducted at the same center in 2004. Anthropometry, iron biochemical indicators, food intake, pubertal stage, and transferrin saturation were assessed, with pubertal stage and transferrin saturation being the last two variables compared between 2004 and 2010. Mann-Whitney and chi-square tests were also used.

Results
In 2010, mean hemoglobin values and serum ferritin levels were within normal ranges for both sexes, and adolescents who consumed diets with low iron bioavailability constituted more than half of the sample (52.7%). In 2004, a 10.3 and 18.6% prevalence of iron deficiency was observed, based on low transferrin saturation, in females and males, respectively. It was noted that during the 6-year period, this prevalence decreased significantly, 4 and 10.4%.

Conclusions
Anemia and iron deficiency are not prevalent in this population, probably due to the implementation of flour fortification with iron; it is not possible, however, to attribute such a result only to the implementation of this strategy.
Book reviews
Authors: Leonard Neil , Steane Jamie 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Sustainable Graphic Design: Principles and Practices, Peter Claver Fine (2016) London: Bloomsbury, 256 pp., ISBN: 9780857850638, p/bk, £28.99
Becoming a Successful Graphic Designer, Neil Leonard (2016) London: Bloomsbury, 192 pp., ISBN: 9781472591197, p/bk, £26.99
Connecting learning from the graphic design project with thinking about approaches to design practice
Authors: Ellmers Grant 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
This study explores how a structured approach to reflective practice can guide graphic design students to connect their learning from the project with thinking about approaches to design practice. The research employed a case-study approach with a mixed-method research strategy, framed by theories of reflective practice and cognitive psychology. The results indicate that when guided to reflect in a structured and critical manner, students can identify and analyse learning from their project and connect this learning with thinking about approaches to practice. This occurred in a manner that has parallels with the concept of high- and low-road transfer. However, not all participants achieved this, and nor did participants achieve this all the time. This evidence-based study contributes to the limited empirical research in graphic design education, and to the role reflection can play to enhance learning opportunities from the design project.
Two methods to find analytical redundancy relations for fault diagnosis
Authors: Lunze Jan 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The paper deals with methods to derive analytical redundancy relations for diagnosable systems. The starting point is an
over-determined set of constraints, which is obtained by a structural analysis of the linear system under consideration.
The problem is to find analytical expressions for residuals in terms of the measured signals and
the derivatives of these signals. Two new methods are described. The first method provides a representation of the
residual in terms of the observability matrix of the diagnosable subsystem. The second method replaces the derivative
constraints by a series of equations that include the derivatives of the state variables and the outputs. The result is
a matrix-vector representation of the over-determined set of equations, which leads to the analytical redundancy
relations. The methods are illustrated by their application to an automotive example.
New results on semi-explicit and almost explicit MPC algorithms
Authors: Goebel Gregor , Allgöwer Frank 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
New results on a particular type of state-dependent parameterization for model predictive control (MPC) are
presented. Based on such parameterizations efficient MPC algorithms can be formulated, which combine the advantages of
explicit and online optimization-based MPC. The new results comprise an offline stability check for the parameterizations
to decide if a closed-loop MPC scheme applying the parameterizations is asymptotically stabilizing. Second, a novel way of
computing the parameterizations with improved scalability in the state space dimension is included. Furthermore, new
results and simplifications of almost explicit MPC schemes based on univariate parameterizations are contributed. The
results are presented in a common framework and are illustrated in numerical examples including an almost explicit
controller for an eight-dimensional spring-damper system.
A Stable Mixed Element Method for the Biharmonic Equation with First-Order Function Spaces
Authors: Li Zheng , Zhang Shuo 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
This paper studies the mixed element method for the boundary value problem of the biharmonic equation

Δ
2

⁢
u

=
f

{\Delta^{2}u=f}

in two dimensions.
We start from a

u
∼

∇
⁡
u

∼

∇
2

⁡
u

∼

div
⁢

∇
2

⁡
u

{u\sim\nabla u\sim\nabla^{2}u\sim\operatorname{div}\nabla^{2}u}

formulation that is discussed in [4] and construct its stability on

H
0
1

⁢

(
Ω
)

×

H
~

0
1

⁢

(
Ω
)

×

L
¯

sym
2

⁢

(
Ω
)

×

H

-
1

⁢

(
div
,
Ω
)

{H^{1}_{0}(\Omega)\times\tilde{H}^{1}_{0}(\Omega)\times\bar{L}_{\mathrm{sym}}^%
{2}(\Omega)\times H^{-1}(\operatorname{div},\Omega)}

.
Then we utilise the Helmholtz decomposition of

H

-
1

⁢

(
div
,
Ω
)

{H^{-1}(\operatorname{div},\Omega)}

and construct a new formulation stable on first-order and zero-order Sobolev spaces.
Finite element discretisations are then given with respect to the new formulation, and both theoretical analysis and numerical verification are given.