bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manual thromboaspiration technique as a first approach for endovascular stroke treatment: A single-center experience
Authors: Romano DG , Cioni S , Leonini S , Gennari P , Vallone IM , Zandonella A , Puliti A , Tassi R , Casasco A , Martini G , Bracco S 
Published: June 2016

Background For intracranial large vessel occlusion in acute ischemic stroke (AIS), a high degree of revascularization in the minimal amount of time predicts good outcomes. Recently, different studies have shown that the direct aspiration first pass technique (ADAPT technique) for AIS obtains high recanalization rates, fast interventions and low costs when it works as first attempt. This study retrospectively describes revascularization efficacy, duration of procedure, intra and post-procedural complications, early and after 90-days clinical outcome in a group of patients who underwent ADAPT as the primary endovascular approach, eventually followed by stent retriever thrombectomy, for recanalization of large vessels in the anterior circulation. Materials and methods We analyzed clinical and procedural data of patients treated from April 2014 to August 2015. Recanalization was assessed according to the Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score. Clinical outcome was evaluated at discharge and after 3 months (modified Rankin Scale, mRS). Results Overall, 71 patients (mean age of 69.7 years) were treated. Sites of occlusion were anterior circulation (including seven tandem extracranial-intracranial occlusions). In 39 patients i.v. rtPA was attempted. Recanalization of the target vessel was obtained in 87.3% of cases whereas direct aspiration alone was successful in 46/71cases (64.8%) with an average puncture-to-revascularization time of 43.1 minutes. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage occurred in 7.8% and embolization to new territories in 5.6%. In total, 38 patients (53.5%) had a good outcome at 90 days follow-up. Conclusions In our series, the manual thromboaspiration technique has been shown as fast and safe, with good rates of vessel revascularization in 87.3% of patients and neurological outcome <3 mRS in 53.5% of patients.
Blood Glucose Levels of Subelite Athletes During 6 Days of Free Living
Authors: Thomas Felicity , Pretty Chris G. , Desaive Thomas , Chase J. Geoffrey 
Published: June 2016

Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices, with their 1-5 min measurement interval, allow blood glucose (BG) concentration dynamics to be captured more frequently and less invasively than traditional BG measures. One cohort CGM could provide insight is athletes. This study investigates what impact their heightened energy expenditure and dietary intake may have on their ability to achieve optimal BG. Methods: Ten subelite athletes (resting HR<60 bpm, training>6 hrs per week) were recruited. Two Ipro2 CGM devices (Medtronic Minimed, Northridge, CA) were inserted into the abdomen and remained in place for ~6 days. Time in band was calculated as the percentage of CGM BG measurements with in the 4.0-6.0 mmol/L. Fasting glucose was calculated using CGM calibration BG measurements and postprandial glucose response was also calculated using the CGM values. Results: 4/10 athletes studied spent more than 70% of the total monitoring time above 6.0 mmol/L even with the 2-hour period after meals is excluded. Fasting BG was also in the ADA defined prediabetes range for 3/10 athletes. Only 1 participant spent substantial time below 4.0 mmol/L which was largely due to significantly lower energy intake compared to recommendations. Conclusions: Contrary to expectations high BG appears to be more of a concern for athletes then low BG even in those with the highest energy expenditure and consuming below the recommended carbohydrate intake. This study warrants further investigation on the recommended diets and the BG of athletes to better determine the causes and impact of this hyperglycemia on overall athlete health.
Glycemic Control, Renal Complications, and Current Smoking in Relation to Excess Risk of Mortality in Persons With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Ahlén Elsa , Pivodic Aldina , Wedel Hans , Dahlqvist Sofia , Kosiborod Mikhail , Lind Marcus 
Published: June 2016

Background: A substantial excess risk of mortality still exists in persons with type 1 diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the excess risk of mortality in persons with type 1 diabetes without renal complications who target goals for glycemic control and are nonsmokers. Furthermore, we evaluated risk factors of death due to hypoglycemia or ketoacidosis in young adults with type 1 diabetes. Methods: We evaluated a cohort based on 33 915 persons with type 1 diabetes and 169 249 randomly selected controls from the general population matched on age, sex, and county followed over a mean of 8.0 and 8.3 years, respectively. Hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality for persons with type 1 diabetes versus controls were estimated. Results: The adjusted HRs for all-cause and CVD mortality for persons with type 1 diabetes without renal complications (normoalbuminuria and eGFR ≥ 60 ml/min) and HbA1c ≤ 6.9% (52 mmol/mol) compared to controls were 1.22 (95% CI 0.98-1.52) and 1.03 (95% CI 0.66-1.60), respectively. The HRs increased with higher updated mean HbA1c. For nonsmokers in this group, the HRs for all-cause and CVD mortality were somewhat lower: 1.11 (95% CI 0.87-1.42) and 0.89 (95% CI 0.53-1.48) at updated mean HbA1c ≤ 6.9% (52 mmol/mol). HRs for significant predictors for deaths due to hypoglycemia or ketoacidosis in persons < 50 years were male sex 2.40 (95% CI 1.27-4.52), smoking 2.86 (95% CI 1.57-5.22), lower educational level 3.01 (95% CI 1.26-7.22), albuminuria or advanced kidney disease 2.83 (95% CI 1.63-4.93), earlier hospital diagnosis of hypoglycemia or ketoacidosis 2.30 (95% CI 1.20-4.42), and earlier diagnosis of intoxication 2.53 (95% CI 1.06-6.04). Conclusions: If currently recommended HbA1c targets can be reached, renal complications and smoking avoided in persons with type 1 diabetes, the excess risk of mortality will likely converge substantially to that of the general population.
In Silico Testing of an Artificial-Intelligence-Based Artificial Pancreas Designed for Use in the Intensive Care Unit Setting
Authors: DeJournett Leon , DeJournett Jeremy 
Published: June 2016

Background: Effective glucose control in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting has the potential to decrease morbidity and mortality rates which should in turn lead to decreased health care expenditures. Current ICU-based glucose controllers are mathematically derived, and tend to be based on proportional integral derivative (PID) or model predictive control (MPC). Artificial intelligence (AI)–based closed loop glucose controllers may have the ability to achieve control that improves on the results achieved by either PID or MPC controllers. Method: We conducted an in silico analysis of an AI-based glucose controller designed for use in the ICU setting. This controller was tested using a mathematical model of the ICU patient’s glucose-insulin system. A total of 126 000 unique 5-day simulations were carried out, resulting in 107 million glucose values for analysis. Results: For the 7 control ranges tested, with a sensor error of ±10%, the following average results were achieved: (1) time in control range, 94.2%, (2) time in range 70-140 mg/dl, 97.8%, (3) time in hyperglycemic range (>140 mg/dl), 2.1%, and (4) time in hypoglycemic range (<70 mg/dl), 0.09%. In addition, the average coefficient of variation (CV) was 11.1%. Conclusions: This in silico study of an AI-based closed loop glucose controller shows that it may be able to improve on the results achieved by currently existing ICU-based PID/MPC controllers. If these results are confirmed in clinical testing, this AI-based controller could be used to create an artificial pancreas system for use in the ICU setting.
Prevalence of Cytauxzoon felis infection in healthy free-roaming cats in north-central Oklahoma and central Iowa
Authors: Nagamori Yoko , Slovak Jennifer E , Reichard Mason V 
Published: June 2016

Case summary Cytauxzoonosis is a tick-borne disease of cats, and Oklahoma (OK), USA, is considered an enzootic state. To determine the prevalence of Cytauxzoon felis, blood was collected from free-roaming cats, as they are frequently exposed to tick vectors. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of C felis infection in free-roaming cats in north-central Oklahoma and central Iowa (IA). Infection with C felis was determined using DNA extracted from blood and PCR amplification. Blood was collected from 380 free-roaming cats between January and April in 2014 in OK. DNA from C felis was detected in 3/380 (0.8%; 95% confidential interval [CI] 0.22–2.3%). In IA, 292 blood samples were collected between 2012 and 2014. No C felis-infected cats were detected (0; 95% CI 0–0%). Relevance and novel information The prevalence of C felis (0.8%) in north-central OK reported herein was lower than the previously reported 3.4% in domestic cats in OK. Our study supports that the prevalence in a given enzootic area can vary by location and from the pool of cats sampled. None of 291 (0%) cats were infected with C felis in central IA. To date, only one case of cytauxzoonosis in a domestic cat has been reported in IA. It is important to monitor cats for C felis infections in northern US states, as geographic distribution of Amblyomma americanum expands northward. As free-roaming cats have more contact with the tick vectors of C felis, this population allows us to monitor the expansion of C felis distribution.
Modeling altered T-cell development with induced pluripotent stem cells from patients with RAG1-dependent immune deficiencies
Authors: Brauer Patrick M. , Pessach Itai M. , Clarke Erik , Rowe Jared H. , Ott de Bruin Lisa , Lee Yu Nee , Dominguez-Brauer Carmen , Comeau Anne M. , Awong Geneve , Felgentreff Kerstin , Zhang Yuhang H. , Bredemeyer Andrea , Al-Herz Waleed , Du Likun , Ververs Francesca , Kennedy Marion , Giliani Silvia , Keller Gordon , Sleckman Barry P. , Schatz David G. , Bushman Frederic D. , Notarangelo Luigi D. , Zúñiga-Pflücker Juan Carlos 
Published: June 2016

Key Points
Upon in vitro differentiation, iPSCs obtained from patients with SCID and OS show a similar block in T-cell development. Presence of unresolved single-strand DNA breaks in developing T cells from OS patient-derived iPSCs affects their differentiation.
Setdb1 maintains hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by restricting the ectopic activation of nonhematopoietic genes
Authors: Koide Shuhei , Oshima Motohiko , Takubo Keiyo , Yamazaki Satoshi , Nitta Eriko , Saraya Atsunori , Aoyama Kazumasa , Kato Yuko , Miyagi Satoru , Nakajima-Takagi Yaeko , Chiba Tetsuhiro , Matsui Hirotaka , Arai Fumio , Suzuki Yutaka , Kimura Hiroshi , Nakauchi Hiromitsu , Suda Toshio , Shinkai Yoichi , Iwama Atsushi 
Published: June 2016

Key Points
Setdb1, an H3K9 histone methyltransferase, is essential for the maintenance of HSPCs. Setdb1 restricts the activation of nonhematopoietic genes, such as gluconeogenic pathway genes, to maintain HSPCs.
Nitric oxide mediates stretch-induced Ca2+ oscillation in smooth muscle
Authors: Zheng Ji , Zhai Kui , Chen Yingxiao , Zhang Xu , Miao Lin , Wei Bin , Ji Guangju 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
The stretching of smooth muscle tissue modulates contraction through augmentation of Ca2+ transients, but the mechanism underlying stretch-induced Ca2+ transients is still unknown. We found that mechanical stretching and maintenance of mouse urinary bladder smooth muscle strips and single myocytes at 30% and 18% beyond the initial length, respectively, resulted in Ca2+ oscillations. Experiments indicated that mechanical stretching remarkably increased the production of nitric oxide (NO) as well as the amplitude and duration of muscle contraction. Stretch-induced Ca2+ oscillations and contractility increases were completely abolished by the NO inhibitor L-NAME or eNOS (also known as NOS3) gene inactivation. Moreover, exposure of eNOS-knockout myocytes to exogenous NO donor induced Ca2+ oscillations. The stretch-induced Ca2+ oscillations were greatly inhibited by the selective inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) inhibitor xestospongin C and partially inhibited by ryanodine. Moreover, the stretch-induced Ca2+ oscillations were also suppressed by the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002, but not by the soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) inhibitor ODQ. These results suggest that stretching myocyte and maintenance at a certain length results in Ca2+ oscillations that are NO dependent , and sGC and cGMP independent, and results from the activation of PI3K in smooth muscle.
Ultrafast Dynamics in Aromatic Cation Based Ionic Liquids: A Femtosecond Raman-Induced Kerr Effect Spectroscopic Study
Authors: Shirota Hideaki , Kakinuma Shohei , Takahashi Kotaro , Tago Akito , Jeong Hocheon , Fujisawa Tomotsumi 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
We studied the ultrafast dynamics of 40 aromatic cation based ionic liquids (ILs) by means of femtosecond Raman-induced Kerr effect spectroscopy. The low-frequency Kerr spectra (ca. 0.3–700 cm−1) of the ILs were obtained from the Kerr transients by Fourier-transform deconvolution analysis. The low-frequency Kerr spectra in the frequency range less than 200 cm−1 coming mainly from the intermolecular vibrations for the ILs were discussed in terms of (i) anion dependence, (ii) imidazolium cations vs. pyridinium cations, (iii) alkyl group dependence, and (iv) effect of methylation in aromatic cations. Several liquid properties, such as density, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and surface tension, of the present sample ILs at 293 K were also estimated in this study. We clarified that the aromatic cation based ILs show a different relation of the first moment of the low-frequency spectral band to the bulk liquid parameter, which is the square root of surface tension divided by liquid density, from aprotic molecular liquids. The slope of the first moment to the bulk parameter for the aromatic cation based ILs is gentler than that for aprotic molecular liquids.
The identity and application of Coletia madida and notes on the typification of Mayacaceae
Authors: Pellegrini Marco Octávio de O. , de Carvalho Maria Luiza S. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA great deal of doubt surrounds the name Coletia madida concerning its identity, application and relation to Mayaca sellowiana. In order to better understand this issue we analyzed Vellozo's original description and plate, as well as the original description for M. sellowiana. We conclude that C. madida is a synonym of M. fluviatilis and that M. sellowiana is the older name for the species with one‐flowered inflorescences and anthers that are dehiscent through an apical tube. Also, we designate a lectotype and an epitype for C. madida and comment on the typification of M. fluviatilis (the type of the family).
Bentham and Hooker's Genera Plantarum and priority relating to the publication of the names of four African genera
Authors: Turner I.M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPriority concerning publication of the generic names Allanblackia (Clusiaceae), Alsodeiopsis (Icacinaceae), Campylostemon (Celastraceae) and Scaphopetalum (Malvaceae: Byttnerioideae) is investigated. Volume 1 part 3 of Bentham and Hooker's Genera Plantarum was probably published before 19 September 1867, but, in the absence of concrete evidence for effective publication on or before 5 September 1867, priority is considered to lie with papers by Masters and Oliver published in the Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany. The correct full citation of the names is given.
A tool for the analysis of chromosomes: KaryoType
Authors: Altınordu Fahim , Peruzzi Lorenzo , Yu Yan , He Xingjin 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe software KaryoType, an improved and completely renewed version of the previously existing NucType, was developed for plant chromosomes. The primary function of the software is to allow efficient chromosome measurements and karyotype analysis from microphotographs. Karyotype characterization usually includes chromosome number, size, arm ratio, centromeric index, relative lengths and karyotype formula. Moreover, KaryoType is also capable of measuring karyotype asymmetry indices such as CVCL, CVCI and MCA, and can recognize chromosome homologues based on chromosome length and arm ratio automatically or manually. This program runs on Windows 7 and above and Mac OS X and is freely available at the website of the University of Sichuan (http://mnh.scu.edu.cn/soft/blog/karyotype/).
The Literati, the Eunuch, and a Memorial: The Nelson-Atkins's Red Cliff Handscroll Revisited
Authors: Xue Lei 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art's Illustration to the Second Prose Poem on the Red Cliff, attributed to Qiao Zhongchang, has been long celebrated as a major achievement of early Chinese literati painting. Nevertheless, the lifelike portraiture of Su Shi and the depiction of an actual site, as well as the contemporary colophons, all point to a memorial function for the scroll. The early provenance of this handscroll indicates that Liang Shicheng, the eunuch at Emperor Huizong's court, was the one who commissioned it. The painting bears witness to the appropriation of the Li Gonglin style in the late Northern Song court.
King Jeongjo's Patronage of Kim Hong-do
Authors: Kim Kumja Paik 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The eighteenth-century Korean painter Kim Hong-do 金弘道 (1745–ca. 1806) still dazzles today's viewers with his paintings of genre scenes and Daoist immortals, just as he astonished his contemporaries with his talent and versatility. Although he had numerous patrons, none had as much impact on his art as King Jeongjo 正祖 (r. 1776–1800). By examining written records and Kim's extant paintings, this paper explores and assesses the significance of King Jeongjo's patronage in unlocking the opportunities that enabled Kim Hong-do to reach his full potential as the most versatile painter in Korea.
The Thousand-armed Mañjuśrī at Dunhuang and Paired Images in Buddhist Visual Culture
Authors: Wang Michelle C. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The Thousand-armed Mañjuśrī is an enigmatic form of the bodhisattva that appeared primarily in the Mogao cave shrines in northwestern China. There, the deity was nearly always paired with the Thousand-armed Avalokiteśvara on opposite walls or on opposite sides of a doorway. Curiously, this pairing is absent from any of the Buddhist sutras associated with the two. This article argues that texts were a starting point rather than an end point for the establishment of the Thousand-armed Mañjuśrī's iconographic characteristics, and that the pairing of the two deities is crucial for understanding the gaps between the deity's textual description and its visual representation.
Centralité des marges
Authors: Satia Priya 
Published: June 2016

RésuméL’auteure soutient dans cet article que l’impact culturel de la Première Guerre mondiale en Grande-Bretagne ne peut être compris que si l’on donne aux campagnes du Moyen- Orient la place centrale qui est la leur. Il montre qu’un des effets généralement attribués au front de l’Ouest – une totale perte de foi dans la technique et dans l’héroïsme individuel – a été compensé, à bien des égards, par les leçons tirées de la guerre en Palestine et en Mésopotamie, où cette même foi a connu chez les Britanniques un formidable regain. Si l’on prend en compte cet héritage culturel, on comprend mieux pourquoi ce peuple est resté engagé dans la guerre et a continué de croire dans le développement industriel et la guerre impérialiste une fois le conflit mondial terminé. L’aura héroïque de Thomas Edward Lawrence (Lawrence d’Arabie) et l’image du développement des infrastructures entrepris par l’armée britannique en Mésopotamie ont en effet donné un nouvel essor à la foi dans la technique et dans l’empire, tandis que le front de l’Ouest en révélait un visage autrement plus terrible. Le texte s’ouvre sur l’étude des tactiques militaires originales que les Britanniques, influencés par une vision singulière d’une « Arabie » largement imaginaire, ont adoptées à un degré sans précédent dans la région : la ruse, la guerre irrégulière et la force aérienne. L’auteur montre ensuite comment le gouvernement, à mesure que les succès se multipliaient, s’est efforcé de capitaliser sur la propagande entourant ces « théâtres secondaires » de guerre. Il s’agissait notamment de mettre en avant l’idée que l’empire trouverait une rédemption dans la restauration de l’antique « berceau de la civilisation », entretenant ainsi des notions d’un idéalisme achevé, quand, sur le front de l’Ouest, un nouveau type de cynisme faisait rage.
Avocat sous Staline
Authors: Cadiot Juliette 
Published: June 2016

RésuméFondé sur une recherche dans les archives russes et ukrainiennes, cet article étudie la profession d’avocat en URSS à la fin de la période stalinienne (1945-1953). Les différentes dimensions du métier – trajectoires sociales et pratiques quotidiennes – sont abordées à propos d’une période qui vit le nombre d’affaires traitées par les tribunaux considérablement augmenter et le discours sur la réhabilitation d’une « légalité socialiste » se renforcer. Si leur influence demeura faible et peu fondée sur le maniement du droit, les avocats soviétiques développèrent des compétences économiques et relationnelles leur permettant à la fois de préserver leur autonomie et de participer pleinement aux dynamiques sociales propres à la société soviétique telle qu’elle se dessine au sortir de la guerre. Malgré leur faiblesse et les purges dont ils firent l’objet, les avocats surent aussi s’informer des affaires et certains jouèrent un rôle d’intermédiaire entre l’appareil répressif et les notables soviétiques, notamment en participant au système d’échanges de pots-de-vin et de relations clientélistes. Leur action est exemplaire de la manière dont les Soviétiques se sont accommodés de la dictature stalinienne, en tentant de faire évoluer les règles et de constituer des poches de protection, d’entraide et d’échanges situées au coeur de l’État et du parti.
Géographies de la mobilisation et territoires de la belligérance durant la Premiére Guerre mondiale
Authors: Compagnon Olivier , Purseigle Pierre 
Published: June 2016

RésuméPrenant acte du fait que l’histoire globale de la Première Guerre mondiale n’en est encore qu’à ses balbutiements, cet article propose de « déseuropéaniser » l’historiographie du conflit en dépassant la dialectique des « centres » et des « périphéries » et en combinant les échelles spatiales de l’analyse. D’une part, il s’agit de déplacer le regard depuis les théâtres européens de la guerre vers des espaces communément considérés comme marginaux, mais dont l’éloignement de l’épicentre des combats n’empêcha pourtant pas qu’ils soient parcourus de tensions directement liées au conflit et qu’ils connaissent des mutations majeures entre 1914 et 1918. D’autre part, il convient également de placer la focale sur des objets de recherche tels que l’environnement, les ressources naturelles ou les diasporas, qui se prêtent particulièrement bien à des approches émancipées des cadres nationaux de la réflexion et permettent de restituer l’impact global de la Grande Guerre. De cette double démarche émergent ainsi les bases d’une nouvelle géographie des mobilisations et de la belligérance entre 1914 et 1918, susceptible de rendre compte du caractère authentiquement mondial que revêtit la Première Guerre mondiale et de la diversité des expériences vécues du conflit.