bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Open Access in the Economic Sphere or the Political Sphere: Evidence from Japan
Authors: Yu Guanghua 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe article uses the case of Japan to argue that the theory of open access order advocated by North and his colleagues goes beyond what is necessary. Although their theory of open access order explains the West relatively well, it does not always apply to contemporary non-Western countries. Similar to the case of India examined elsewhere, the case of Japan reveals that what is more important to economic and human development is the open access in the economic sphere and the interconnected institutions in the areas of property rights protection and contract enforcement, financial market, rule of law, and human resource accumulation. In other words, countries without open access in the political sphere may also be able to achieve a great deal of success in terms of economic and human development if they ensure open access in the economic sphere and devote adequate resources to establishing the necessary interconnected institutions examined in this article. Further research elsewhere on Singapore and China will shed more light on this debate.
Elisha Coles and the Group of Entries: His Use of Linking Phrases and Search for Derivatives and Their Root Forms
Authors: Miyoshi Kusujiro 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The first monolingual dictionaries of English shared a simple microstructural principle: each entry treated one word. Elisha Coles’s English Dictionary (1676) was the first to group related words together in linked entries. Concerning the point, I (2012) have shown that three quarters of the words in these linked entries had been registered in earlier English dictionaries, especially Thomas Blount’s Glossographia (1656). However, this leaves two crucial questions unexamined. First, how did Coles develop the technique of holding these entries together with linking phrases? Second, how did he search for the words which appear in his linked entries and not in previous English dictionaries? From an overall viewpoint, answers to the two questions are judged to lie in Coles’s fresh awareness of word classes, especially of the noun and the adjective, and creative use of the contents of English dictionaries in the 17th century before his.
Der Europäische Master für Lexikographie im Erasmus Mundus Joint Master Degree Programm
Authors: Hollós Zita , Schierholz Stefan J. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The following report reflects on the activities and changes of EMLex concerning the implementation of the programme as an Erasmus Mundus Joint Master Degree and gives a short overview over the international summer term which took place 2016 at the Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Hungary (Budapest).
Theory and applications of toroidal moments in electrodynamics: their emergence, characteristics, and technological relevance
Authors: Talebi Nahid , Guo Surong , van Aken Peter A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDipole selection rules underpin much of our understanding in characterization of matter and its interaction with external radiation. However, there are several examples where these selection rules simply break down, for which a more sophisticated knowledge of matter becomes necessary. An example, which is increasingly becoming more fascinating, is macroscopic toroidization (density of toroidal dipoles), which is a direct consequence of retardation. In fact, dissimilar to the classical family of electric and magnetic multipoles, which are outcomes of the Taylor expansion of the electromagnetic potentials and sources, toroidal dipoles are obtained by the decomposition of the moment tensors. This review aims to discuss the fundamental and practical aspects of the toroidal multipolar moments in electrodynamics, from its emergence in the expansion set and the electromagnetic field associated with it, the unique characteristics of their interaction with external radiations and other moments, to the recent attempts to realize pronounced toroidal resonances in smart configurations of meta-molecules. Toroidal moments not only exhibit unique features in theory but also have promising technologically relevant applications, such as data storage, electromagnetic-induced transparency, unique magnetic responses and dichroism.
All-integrated terahertz modulators
Authors: Degl’Innocenti Riccardo , Kindness Stephen J. , Beere Harvey E. , Ritchie David A. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Terahertz (0.1–10 THz corresponding to vacuum wavelengths between 30 μm and 3 mm) research has experienced impressive progress in the last few decades. The importance of this frequency range stems from unique applications in several fields, including spectroscopy, communications, and imaging. THz emitters have experienced great development recently with the advent of the quantum cascade laser, the improvement in the frequency range covered by electronic-based sources, and the increased performance and versatility of time domain spectroscopic systems based on full-spectrum lasers. However, the lack of suitable active optoelectronic devices has hindered the ability of THz technologies to fulfill their potential. The high demand for fast, efficient integrated optical components, such as amplitude, frequency, and polarization modulators, is driving one of the most challenging research areas in photonics. This is partly due to the inherent difficulties in using conventional integrated modulation techniques. This article aims to provide an overview of the different approaches and techniques recently employed in order to overcome this bottleneck.
Specialized directional beaming through a metalens and a typical application
Authors: Zhao Kangyi , Zhang Hui , Fu Yongqi , Zhu Shaoli 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The anomalous beaming effect of the periodic metallic corrugations functioning as a special case of k
SP=2π/Λ is discussed and verified by means of both theoretical calculation and experimental probing. A metalens is designed on the basis of the special case. Unlike the conventional beaming of convergence or divergence, the metalens can realize beam collimating, which is useful for practical applications. As a typical application example of the metalens, we integrate the metalens together with a vertical cavity surface emission laser (VCSEL) on the top surface of the aperture area. Our experimental results demonstrate that the integrated metalens is capable of suppressing the divergence angle of the VCSEL for collimation use.
Color display and encryption with a plasmonic polarizing metamirror
Authors: Song Maowen , Li Xiong , Pu Mingbo , Guo Yinghui , Liu Kaipeng , Yu Honglin , Ma Xiaoliang , Luo Xiangang 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Structural colors emerge when a particular wavelength range is filtered out from a broadband light source. It is regarded as a valuable platform for color display and digital imaging due to the benefits of environmental friendliness, higher visibility, and durability. However, current devices capable of generating colors are all based on direct transmission or reflection. Material loss, thick configuration, and the lack of tunability hinder their transition to practical applications. In this paper, a novel mechanism that generates high-purity colors by photon spin restoration on ultrashallow plasmonic grating is proposed. We fabricated the sample by interference lithography and experimentally observed full color display, tunable color logo imaging, and chromatic sensing. The unique combination of high efficiency, high-purity colors, tunable chromatic display, ultrathin structure, and friendliness for fabrication makes this design an easy way to bridge the gap between theoretical investigations and daily-life applications.
Crystal structure of ethyl 1-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylate, C14H17N3O2
Authors: Brito Iván , Kesternich Victor , Pérez-Ferhmann Marcia , Narea Pilar , Cárdenas Alejandro 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
C14H17N3O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 14.9289(7) Å, b = 7.8070(4) Å, c = 12.4664(7) Å, β = 106.821(4)°, V = 1390.79(13) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0646, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1682, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of ethyl 5-methyl-1-(pyridin-3-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylate, C11H12N4O2
Authors: Brito Iván , Kesternich Victor , Pérez-Fehrmann Marcia , Araneda Catherine , Cárdenas Alejandro 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
C11H12N4O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.0258(15) Å, b = 8.0563(10) Å, c = 12.4478(13) Å, β = 104.157(4)°, V = 1169.4(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0619, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1616, T = 293(2) K.
La sémiotique des passions : hier, aujourd’hui, demain
Authors: Biglari Amir 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
This paper presents the semiotics of passions. It first retraces the establishment and evolution of this theory, and sets out its objectives and issues, especially its relationship to tensivity. Next, it highlights devices suggested for approaching textual manifestations of passions, notably the canonical schema of passions and codes of passions: perspective codes, modal codes, somatic codes, rhythmic and aspectual codes, perceptive and figurative codes. Finally, it underlines the importance of concrete analyses in this field, by situating them alongside cultural studies.
Refinanzierung als Organisationsproblem
Authors: Kette Sven 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungEs ist unübersehbar, dass Organisationen auf Geld angewiesen sind – sei es um Mitarbeiter zu bezahlen, Geräte anzuschaffen oder Geschäftsräume zu mieten. Trotz der empirischen Evidenz des Refinanzierungsproblems hat dieses in der organisationssoziologischen Theorie bisher so gut wie keine Beachtung gefunden. Der Beitrag unterbreitet ein heuristisches Angebot, das Fragen des organisationalen Geldbedarfs sichtbar hält. Hierzu arbeitet der Text zunächst die Gründe für die Geldvergessenheit der Organisationssoziologie heraus (Abschnitt 2). Für eine entsprechende Justierung schlägt der Beitrag die Konzeptualisierung von Geld als organisationaler Meta-Ressource sowie die Unterscheidung von vier Refinanzierungsformen vor (Abschnitt 3). Die Abschnitte 4 und 5 präsentieren am Beispiel von Non-Profit-Organisationen Erträge für die empirische Organisationsforschung und am Beispiel des Neo-Institutionalismus sowie der Systemtheorie Konsequenzen für die organisationssoziologische Theorieentwicklung.
Geschlecht und wissenschaftliche Produktivität
Authors: Jaksztat Steffen 
Published: October 2017

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag betrachtet den Zusammenhang zwischen dem Geschlecht und der wissenschaftlichen Produktivität während der Promotionsphase. Es wird untersucht, inwiefern Produktivitätsunterschiede als Folge unterschiedlicher Effekte von Elternschaft oder als Folge einer geschlechterdifferenten Ausstattung mit wissenschaftlichem Sozialkapital betrachtet werden können. Diese Forschungsfragen werden mit Daten des DZHW-Promoviertenpanels bearbeitet. Die Analysen zeigen, dass es Frauen während der Promotionsphase nicht in gleichem Umfang wie Männern gelingt, wissenschaftliche Publikationen zu veröffentlichen. Die in diesem Sinne geringere wissenschaftliche Produktivität von Wissenschaftlerinnen kann teilweise dadurch erklärt werden, dass Frauen von ihrem wissenschaftlichen Umfeld weniger gefördert und unterstützt werden. Entgegen den theoretischen Erwartungen können keine Effekte von Elternschaft auf die Publikationszahlen nachgewiesen werden. Produktivitätsunterschiede dürften einen erheblichen negativen Einfluss auf die Karrierechancen von Frauen innerhalb der Wissenschaft haben.
Unter welchen Bedingungen bilden Betriebe an- und ungelernte Beschäftigte weiter?
Authors: Wotschack Philip 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungNur knapp ein Drittel der Beschäftigten hat 2014 an betrieblich geförderter Weiterbildung teilgenommen. An- und Ungelernte waren besonders selten vertreten. Im Rahmen einer qualitativen Studie konnten auf Basis von Fallstudien verschiedene institutionelle betriebliche Rahmenbedingungen identifiziert werden, die zur Integration an- und ungelernter Beschäftigter in betriebliche Weiterbildung beitragen. Aufbauend auf den Befunden dieser Studie verfolgt der vorliegende Beitrag das Ziel, den Einfluss des institutionellen betrieblichen Kontextes im Rahmen eines quantitativen Forschungsdesigns zu untersuchen. Dazu werden auf der Basis der Transaktionskostentheorie und des Konzepts der sozialen Einbettung Hypothesen formuliert und getestet. Die Auswertung von Daten des IAB-Betriebspanels (Welle 2011) mittels Cluster- und Regressionsanalysen zeigt, dass Konstellationen der institutionellen Einbettung eine wichtige Rolle für die Integration an- und ungelernter Beschäftigter in betriebliche Weiterbildung spielen. Als förderlich erweisen sich formalisierte Verfahren in der betrieblichen Personalarbeit im Zusammenspiel mit betrieblichen Interessenvertretungsstrukturen und einer mitarbeiterorientierten Personalpolitik.
On the dimorphism of Pr6Mo10O39
Authors: Rudolph Daniel , Laufer Sonja , Hartenbach Ingo 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Attempts to synthesize Pr4Mo7O27 using Pr, Pr6O11 and MoO3 in a molar ratio of 8:6:77 led to a main product of scheelite-type Pr0.667[MoO4] and few single crystals of the triclinic A-type Pr6Mo10O39. The latter crystallizes in space group P1̅ (a=945.25(1), b=1058.49(2), c=1815.16(3) pm; α=104.149(1), β=95.220(1), γ=102.617(1)°, Z=2). Its crystal structure comprises six crystallographically independent Pr3+ cations, eight tetrahedral [MoO4]2− units, and one [Mo2O7]2− entity. The cations display coordination numbers of seven (1×) and eight (5×), while the [MoO4]2− tetrahedra are surrounded by five Pr3+ cations each. The [Mo2O7]2− anions exhibit a coordination environment of seven Pr3+ cations. The attempt to synthesize PrF[MoO4] using PrOF (from in situ thermal decomposition of PrF[CO3]) as reagent did not lead to the desired product but to monoclinic B-type Pr6Mo10O39. This slightly less dense modification compared to its triclinic analogue crystallizes in space group C2/c (a=1247.93(3), b=1989.68(6), c=1392.52 (4) pm, β=100.505(2)°, Z=4) with three crystallographically independent Pr3+ cations, four [MoO4]2− tetrahedra, and again one [Mo2O7]2− unit in the crystal structure. Thus, both Pr6Mo10O39 modifications are better described with the structured formula Pr6[MoO4]8[Mo2O7]. The coordination numbers around the Pr3+ cations are seven (1×) and eight (2×) while all four [MoO4]2− anions are again surrounded by five Pr3+ cations each. Six of the latter represent the coordination environment around the [Mo2O7]2− entities. Besides the thorough comparison of the crystal structures single crystal Raman spectra were recorded for both Pr6Mo10O39 phases.
Coordination of the ambiphilic phosphinoborane tBu2PCH2BPh2 to Cu(I)Cl
Authors: Boom Devin H.A. , Ehlers Andreas W. , Nieger Martin , Slootweg J. Chris 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
A chloro-bridged dimeric copper(I) complex with the ambiphilic phosphinoborane ligand tBu2PCH2BPh2 is reported. The molecular structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, revealing a secondary η
1-C interaction of the ligand with the metal center. The complex exhibits green fluorescence when exposed to UV light at 366 nm.
Anatomical and Electrophysiological Clustering of Superficial Medial Entorhinal Cortex Interneurons
Authors: Martínez Joan José , Rahsepar Bahar , White John A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLocal GABAergic interneurons regulate the activity of spatially-modulated principal cells in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), mediating stellate-to-stellate connectivity and possibly enabling grid formation via recurrent inhibitory circuitry. Despite the important role interneurons seem to play in the MEC cortical circuit, the combination of low cell counts and functional diversity has made systematic electrophysiological studies of these neurons difficult. For these reasons, there remains a paucity of knowledge on the electrophysiological profiles of superficial MEC interneuron populations. Taking advantage of glutamic acid decarboxylase 2 (GAD2)-IRES-tdTomato and PV-tdTomato transgenic mice, we targeted GABAergic interneurons for whole-cell patch-clamp recordings and characterized their passive membrane features, basic input/output properties and action potential (AP) shape. These electrophysiologically characterized cells were then anatomically reconstructed, with emphasis on axonal projections and pial depth. K-means clustering of interneuron anatomical and electrophysiological data optimally classified a population of 106 interneurons into four distinct clusters. The first cluster is comprised of layer 2- and 3-projecting, slow-firing interneurons. The second cluster is comprised largely of PV+ fast-firing interneurons that project mainly to layers 2 and 3. The third cluster contains layer 1- and 2-projecting interneurons, and the fourth cluster is made up of layer 1-projecting horizontal interneurons. These results, among others, will provide greater understanding of the electrophysiological characteristics of MEC interneurons, help guide future in vivo studies, and may aid in uncovering the mechanism of grid field formation.
Dendritic and Axonal L-Type Calcium Channels Cooperate to Enhance Motoneuron Firing Output duringDrosophilaLarval Locomotion
Authors: Kadas Dimitrios , Klein Aylin , Krick Niklas , Worrell Jason W. , Ryglewski Stefanie , Duch Carsten 
Published: October 2017

Behaviorally adequate neuronal firing patterns are critically dependent on the specific types of ion channel expressed and on their subcellular localization. This study combinesin situelectrophysiology with genetic and pharmacological intervention in larvalDrosophila melanogasterof both sexes to address localization and function of L-type like calcium channels in motoneurons. We demonstrate that Dmca1D (Cav1 homolog) L-type like calcium channels localize to both the somatodendritic and the axonal compartment of larval crawling motoneurons.In situpatch-clamp recordings in genetic mosaics reveal that Dmca1D channels increase burst duration and maximum intraburst firing frequencies during crawling-like motor patterns in semi-intact animals. Genetic and acute pharmacological manipulations suggest that prolonged burst durations are caused by dendritically localized Dmca1D channels, which activate upon cholinergic synaptic input and amplify EPSPs, thus indicating a conserved function of dendritic L-type channels fromDrosophilato vertebrates. By contrast, maximum intraburst firing rates require axonal calcium influx through Dmca1D channels, likely to enhance sodium channel de-inactivation via a fast afterhyperpolarization through BK channel activation. Therefore, in unmyelinatedDrosophilamotoneurons different functions of axonal and dendritic L-type like calcium channels likely operate synergistically to maximize firing output during locomotion.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNervous system function depends on the specific excitabilities of different types of neurons. Excitability is largely shaped by different combinations of voltage-dependent ion channels. Despite a high degree of conservation, the huge diversity of ion channel types and their differential localization pose challenges in assigning distinct functions to specific channels across species. We find a conserved role, from fruit flies to mammals, for L-type calcium channels in augmenting motoneuron excitability. As in spinal cord, dendritic L-type channels amplify excitatory synaptic input. In contrast to spinal motoneurons, axonal L-type channels enhance firing rates in unmyelinatedDrosophilamotoraxons. Therefore, enhancing motoneuron excitability by L-type channels seems an old strategy, but localization and interactions with other channels are tuned to species-specific requirements.
The Reduction of Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex Gray Matter Volume Correlates with Loss of Economic Rationality in Aging
Authors: Chung Hui-Kuan , Tymula Agnieszka , Glimcher Paul 
Published: October 2017

The population of people above 65 years old continues to grow, and there is mounting evidence that as humans age they are more likely to make errors. However, the specific effect of neuroanatomical aging on the efficiency of economic decision-making is poorly understood. We used whole-brain voxel-based morphometry analysis to determine where reduction of gray matter volume in healthy female and male adults over the age of 65 years correlates with a classic measure of economic irrationality: violations of the Generalized Axiom of Revealed Preference. All participants were functionally normal with Mini-Mental State Examination scores ranging between 26 and 30. While our elders showed the previously reported decline in rationality compared with younger subjects, chronological age per se did not correlate with rationality measures within our population of elders. Instead, reduction of gray matter density in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex correlates tightly with irrational behavior. Interestingly, using a large fMRI sample and meta-analytic tool with Neurosynth, we found that this brain area shows strong coactivation patterns with nearly all of the value-associated regions identified in previous studies. These findings point toward a neuroanatomic locus for economic rationality in the aging brain and highlight the importance of understanding both anatomy and function in the study of aging, cognition, and decision-making.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAge is a crucial factor in decision-making, with older individuals making more errors in choices. Using whole-brain voxel-based morphometry analysis, we found that reduction of gray matter density in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex correlates with economic irrationality: reduced gray matter volume in this area correlates with the frequency and severity of violations of the Generalized Axiom of Revealed Preference. Furthermore, this brain area strongly coactivates with other reward-associated regions identified with Neurosynth. These findings point toward a role for neuroscientific discoveries in shaping long-standing economic views of decision-making.