bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytogenetic Characteristic the Patients of Both Sexes with Phobic-anxiety Disorders
Authors: P.T.  , Bagatska N. , Mykhailova E. , Glotka L. , Reshetovska N. , Matkovska T. , Goloborodko A. 
Published: June 2017

Background and aimsAnxiety-phobic disorders are caused both by environmental and hereditary factors. The study was designed to determine the level of chromosomal aberrations in the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of children and adolescents of both sexes with phobic-anxiety disorders (PAD).Patients and methodsCytogenetic analysis was performed in 27 children and adolescents of both sexes with PAD, aged 9–15 years; the control group consisted of 50 healthy peers of both genders. Statistical analysis-Excel and SPSS statistics 17.0.ResultsCytogenetic analysis of patients with PAD and in healthy age-matched individuals has established normal female (46,XX) and male (46,XY) karyotypes. The frequency of the chromosomal aberrations (CA) spontaneous level in the PBL is 4.6 times higher than the CA frequency in healthy persons. In children and adolescents with the disease, the spontaneous frequency of aberrations of chromatid and chromosome types is also significantly higher than the same in healthy children and adolescents. Single acentric fragments and exchanges prevail among the chromatid–type aberrations; pair acentric fragments prevail among the chromosome–type aberrations. An increase in the frequency of the chromosome-type aberrations has been revealed in boys with PAD (1.72 vs.0.55 per100 cells in healthy boys, P < 0.001 by pair acentric fragments), in comparison with healthy boys; and the chromatid–type aberrations have been observed in girls with PAD (3.22 vs.0.94 per 100 cells in healthy girls, P < 0.001 by single acentric fragments), in comparison with healthy girls. A pronounced individual variability of CA frequency, which ranges in our patients from 2.0 to18.0 per 100 metaphase plates, has been found along with an increase in the CA level in patients with PAD.ConclusionChildren and adolescents with PAD require a careful cytogenetic analysis and the consequent therapeutic measures for genome stabilization.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Human neuropsin gene – new target in depression?
Authors: Gałecki P. , Jasionowska J. , Talarowska M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionNeuropsin (NP, kallikrein 8, KLK8)–a kallikrein gene-related (KLK) endoprotease–plays a key role in neuroplasticity processes. Neuropsin expression takes places both extracellularly and inside neurons within the area of the hippocampus. Various forms of electrophysiological stimulation (kindling, LTP, stress) increase neuropsin expression within the hippocampus and in many other regions of the brain (e.g. neocortex, amygdala). Neuropsin is mainly engaged in the early stage of LTP and in the process of synaptogenesis. Social cognition deficits (difficulties with identification, naming and analysing experienced emotional states) in the group of people suffering from depression have been described in scientific papers published in recent years. They are considered the core features of major depressive disorders.AimsThe aim of this study is to link the human neuropsin gene (hNP) expression with the ability of the examined subjects to use nonverbal communication in social interactions.Methods120 individuals meeting the diagnostic criteria for a recurrent depressive disorders (rDE) were qualified to participate in the study. The Emotional Intelligence Scale–Faces task and two subtests from The Right Hemisphere Language Battery (RHLB) were used in the study.ResultsSignificant interrelations between expression on the mRNA level for the hNP gene and the variables used to assess social competences were confirmed. Results of the statistical analysis make it possible to confirm an inversely proportional correlation between the analysed variables.ConclusionsIncreased hNP expression is associated with a reduction of interpersonal abilities in the people affected by depression.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The impact of residual symptoms on relapse and quality of life among Thai depressive patients
Authors: Tantrarungroj T. , Nakawiro D. , Wongpakaran T. , Wongpakaran N. , Bookkamana P. , Pinyopornpanish M. , Lueboonthavatchai P. , Apisiridej N. , Saisavoey N. , Wannarit K. , Srichan T. , Ruktrakul R. , Satthapisit S. , Temboonkiat A. , Tubtimtong N. , Rakkhajeekul S. , Wongtanoi B. , Tanchakvaranont S. , Srisutasanavong U. , Nivataphand R. , Petchsuwan D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionResidual symptoms of depressive disorder are major predictors of relapse of depression and lower quality of life. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of residual symptoms, relapse rates and quality of life among Thai patients with depressive disorders.MethodsHamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and EQ-5D were used to measure the symptoms of depression and quality of life, respectively. Prevalence of residual symptoms of depression was collected. Regression analysis was administered to predict relapse and patients’ quality of life at the 6 months post-baseline.ResultsTwo hundred and twenty-four depressive disorder patients were recruited. Most of patients (93.3%) had at least one residual symptom, and the most common residual symptom was anxiety symptoms (76.3%; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.82). After 3 months post-baseline, 114 patients (50.9%) were in remission and within 6 months, 44 of them (38.6%) relapsed. Regression analysis showed that residual insomnia symptoms were significantly associated with these relapse cases (OR = 5.290, 95% CI, 1.42 to 19.76). Regarding quality of life, residual core mood and insomnia significantly predicted the EQ5D scores at 6 months post-baseline (B = −2.670, 95% CI, −181 to −.027, and B = −3.109, 95% CI, −172 to −.038, respectively).DiscussionResidual symptoms are common in patients receiving treatment for depressive disorder and were found to be associated with relapses and quality of life. Clinicians need to be aware of these residual symptoms when carrying out follow-up treatment in patients with depressive disorders, so that prompt action can be taken to mitigate the risk of relapse.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
From Hampstead to Norwich: Ritual violence or coaching?
Authors: Kurz R. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionVideo-recorded disclosures of two siblings emerged describing ritual violence activities in a Hampstead “cult” including human sacrifice murder. The UK court processes judged that the mother “coached” the children to make false allegations. In parallel, Marie Black, Jason Adams and Michael Roger were found guilty of child sexual abuse purely based on historical accounts of five children.ObjectivesThe presentation outlines two cases that illustrate the “unbelievable” nature of organized child abuse and what aspects make court rulings “unsafe”.AimsThe presentation aims to compare the Hampstead where the videos were watched by 4 million individuals world-wide with the little that is known about the “Norwich Three” case due to court reporting restrictions.MethodsMaterials posted on websites, books and videos were reviewed alongside discussions with whistle-blowers, relatives and friends of people involved.ResultsThe disclosures in the Hampstead case were very extreme but similar accounts can be found in books by Sara Scott (UK) and De Camp (US). Those accused of sexual abuse claim that the children have been coached by their mother to make these allegations–the view that the judge adopted. In the Norfolk case, 7 of the 10 defendants were cleared of child sexual abuse allegations but three individuals were found guilty. It remains unclear what the basis was for the conviction as the disclosures could have been classed as the result of “coaching”.ConclusionsAnyone operating in forensic settings should familiarise themselves with the “hall of mirrors” that cases involving child sexual abuse routinely constitute.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Methylphenidate challenge followed by therapeutic drug monitoring in adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Clinical effects and its predictors
Authors: Piacentino D. , Giupponi G. , Maniscalco I. , Holzer S. , Pompili M. , Girardi P. , Conca A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAttention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects 5–6% of adults. Methylphenidate challenge is used to test functions such as concentration. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) identifies optimal drug ranges in plasma.Objectives/AimsWe aimed to: assess the clinical impact of the drug challenge in adults with ADHD; analyze the relationship with the drug plasma levels after the challenge; identify predictors of the challenge's clinical impact.MethodsIn 2015–2016, we recruited 45 consecutive adult DSM-5 ADHD outpatients (mean age ± SD = 35.3 ± 2.1 years; females = 64.4%) at the Bolzano hospital department of psychiatry. Before and after administration of methylphenidate 10 mg, we measured concentration, impulsivity, tension, and general well-being with a VAS and an interview. After two hours, TDM was performed. Deltas were calculated for pre-/post-challenge measures. Correlations were measured with Pearson's r/point-biserial coefficient. A generalized linear mixed model estimated the size of association between tension/general well-being improvement and patient characteristics.ResultsAfter the challenge, the mean improvement ± SD was 24 ± 22 for concentration, 17 ± 23 for impulsivity, 21 ± 28 for tension, 16 ± 24 for general well-being. The mean TDM ± SD was 4.6 ± 0.5 ng/mL. A negative correlation between TDM, tension (P = 0.009), and general well-being (P = 0.028) after the challenge emerged: higher drug plasma levels relate to less tension and greater general well-being. At the GLMM the main predictor for tension/general well-being improvement was psychopharmacological treatment (P = 0.011/P = 0.05, respectively). Older age and difficult tasks prevented improvement.ConclusionsMethylphenidate challenge had a positive effect on all patients’ performance. TDM values were lower than literature ones, although the latter are usually obtained after the administration of methylphenidate 20 mg.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Dissemination of DBT for borderline personality disorder in Egypt, facts and challenges
Authors: Abdelkarim A. , Rizk D. Nagui , Ivanoff A. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundDBT proved to be effective in reducing suicidal behavior, non-suicidal self-injury, psychiatric hospitalization, treatment dropout, substance use, anger, and depression and improving social and global functioning in Borderline personality disorder. As a step towards increasing utilization of evidence based treatments in the Egyptian healthcare system, the team at Alexandria university started a comprehensive DBT program.AimTo describe the implementation and dissemination experience of DBT in Egypt.MethodsThe implementation of DBT is examined quantitatively. Numbers were calculated retrospectively from the records at the implementation start in December 2013 and after 3 years in September 2016.ResultsNumber of therapists increased from one team of 2 therapists and one observer to 16 therapists organized in 3 teams plus 4 observers. The initial team, 7 psychiatrists and 2 clinical psychologists, could host and attend the first DBT Intensive Training in the middle east in 2014. DBT intensive training is the official training model developed by Dr. Linehan. We started with 8 clients one group for adults in Alexandria at 2013, increasing to 150 clients in 12 groups for adults, adolescent and SUD patients in 2016 with an average increase of 18.75 folds. The team participated and presented about DBT in 23 local and regional scientific meetings and hosted two workshops in collaboration with BehavioralTech, the official training institute.ConclusionsAlthough the DBT implementation in Egypt represented a great challenge, results are showing a promising increase in the number of trained therapists and participating clients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A RCT of a staff training intervention to promote quality of care in long-term residential facilities–the PromQual study
Authors: Cardoso G. , Papoila A. , Caldas-de-Almeida J. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe shift of hospital-based to community-based mental health care, introduced the need to assess and promote quality of residential services.ObjectivesThis RCT aimed at assessing the effectiveness of a staff training intervention to improve quality of care in residential facilities.MethodsTwenty-three units with at least 12-hour on-site staff support per day in Portugal were assessed with the quality instrument for rehabilitative care (QuIRC) filled online by the manager. A random sample of service users were interviewed using standardised measures of autonomy, experiences of care, quality of life, and the time user diary (TUD) for level of activity. The intervention group units (n = 12) received workshops and a four-week hands-on training of the staff versus TAU in the control group (n = 11). All units and users were reassessed at 8-months. The staff knowledge gained during the workshops was assessed using pre- post-test. Generalized linear mixed effects models were used.ResultsThe residential units were mainly in the community (n = 17, 73.9%), and had QuIRC mean scores above 50% in the following dimensions : living environment, self-management and autonomy, social inclusion, and human rights. Service users’ level of activity (TUD) at 8-months did not differ between intervention and control groups. At 8 months, all QuIRC dimensions scored higher in the Intervention group, without reaching statistical significance. Pre- post-tests comparison showed a significant increase in the knowledge acquired by the staff.ConclusionsThe intervention had impact on the staff's knowledge without reaching significant change of users’ activity and quality of care of the units.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Satisfaction with psychiatric in-patient care across 11 countries: Final report of the IDEA-study (inpatient discharge: experiences and analysis)
Authors: Krupchanka D. , Khalifeh H. , Thornicroft G. , Sartorius N. ,   IDEA research group
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSatisfaction of patients with in-patient care is a relatively rare focus of research in mental health.ObjectivesThe IDEA-study (inpatient discharge: experiences and analysis) was initiated to shed the light on the issue internationally.AimThe IDEA project aimed to:– develop a collaborative network of young psychiatrists;– use this network to explore satisfaction of people treated in psychiatric in-patient facilities in a range of high-, middle- and low-income countries.MethodsStudy was conducted in 25 hospitals across 11 countries. We measured satisfaction with in-patient care using the 5-item study-specific questionnaire. Individual and institution level correlates of “low satisfaction” were examined by comparisons of binary and multivariate associations in multilevel regression models.ResultsA final study sample consisted of 673 participants. Total satisfaction scores were highly skewed towards positive responses. After taking clustering into account, the only independent correlates of low satisfaction were schizophrenia diagnosis and low psychiatrist to patient ratio.ConclusionWe could successfully establish a collaborative network of early career psychiatrists from different parts of the world and collect data in regards to the study aims. The positive skew of satisfaction scores need to be carefully considered in the context of literature and study limitations. In particularly, we suggest further studies on patients’ satisfaction to pay more attention to treatment expectations formed by the previous experience of treatment, service-related knowledge, stigma and patients’ disempowerment, power imbalance.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Program for the use of antipsychotics with metabolic monitoring in North Carolina medicaid children
Authors: Wegner S. , McKee J. , Trygstad T. , Wegner L. , Stiles A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionChildren are at greater risk than adults for weight gain and metabolic disorders including hyperlipidemia and diabetes with newer antipsychotics. A web-based safety-monitoring program using a prior documentation model required submission of patient safety data (prior documentation) for insurance coverage at the pharmacy point of sale. This program launched in April of 2011, covering all NC Medicaid and Health Choice recipients under age 18. Clinical monitoring parameters and interactive educational features were developed with pediatric psychiatric experts and key mental health stakeholder groups.ObjectivesUsing a four-year run in period and a full 9 months of post implementation claims data, evaluate the rates of antipsychotic prescribing and safety monitoring before and after the implementation of the A + KIDS program.ResultsImplementation of this program was associated with a consistent monthly decrease in overall antipsychotic use and increases in patient monitoring of glucose and lipid (Figure. 1, Table 1).ConclusionsThe prior documentation registry was effective in decreasing antipsychotic use and increasing safety monitoring. The impact of changing to more traditional prior authorization on the same clinical endpoints is currently under evaluation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Effort-based reward task, a behavioral measure to study negative symptoms in schizophrenia
Authors: Arcos A. , Berge D. , Pretus C. , Pous A. , Diez-Aja C. , Gomez L. , Vilarroya O. 
Published: June 2017

Negative symptoms in schizophrenia, and specifically amotivation/apathy, have been correlated with impaired general functioning. Its neurobiological basis are thought to rely on an aberrant reward system. To study the association of reward deficits and negative symptoms, 25 schizophrenia patients and 35 controls underwent a new reward behavioral task. Briefly, patients had to choose a level of effort (1 to 3), each one corresponding to a progressively increasing number of required button presses and 3 different probabilities to win an economic reward. We compared the chosen effort between groups and correlated this output with the score of the Brief negative symptoms scale in the group of patients. Patients chose less effort than controls but without reaching significance level (mean patients effort: 2.49 vs controls: 2.76, P = 0.064). A negative correlation was found between BNSS score and effort chosen for the maximum reward corrected by sex (t: −0.021, P = 0.045). When the group of patients was split according to negative symptoms score, patients with more negative symptoms (BNSSS score > 23) chose significantly less effort than patients with less negative symptoms and controls (Fig. 1). Our reward task correlates well with negative symptoms. Thus, it could offer a behavioral measure of negative symptoms. It could be a good instrument to study the neurobiological basis of negative symptoms using functional techniques.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Neural correlates of behavioral inhibition in healthy people and in patients with borderline personality disorder and ADHD
Authors: Linhartová P. , Kuhn M. , Damborská A. , Lamoš M. , Mikl M. , Barteček R. , Theiner P. , Kašpárek T. , Bareš M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionDeficits in behavioral inhibition leading to impulsivity occur frequently in many otherwise different psychiatric diseases, mainly ADHD and borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, the research is complicated by using of different tests and their parameters. Further, the role of frontoparietal network in behavioral inhibition has been questioned recently.ObjectivesThe aims of our studies were:– to present the influence of differences in inhibition tasks parameters;– to describe neural correlates of behavioral inhibition in healthy people;– to compare them with BPD and ADHD patients.MethodsWe implemented two different variants of Go/NoGo Task, one designed for behavioral research and the second for neuroimaging. Thirty healthy participants (37% of women, age range 15 to 33 years) underwent behavioral and fMRI measurement. Further, groups of patients with BPD, ADHD and their healthy controls underwent the Go/NoGo Task under both fMRI and EEG.ResultsThe results show differences in behavioral performance based on different task parameters. The fMRI results in healthy people show specific activation patterns within the frontoparietal network associated with inhibition trials (mainly inferior frontal gyrus, insula, cingulate gyrus, SMA, inferior parietal lobule). Further, we present differences between patients with BPD, ADHD and controls in BOLD signal and ERPs.ConclusionsGo/NoGo Task design substantially influences the subjects’ behavioral performance. Our results with methodologically upgraded Go/NoGo Task design provide support for the inhibition frontoparietal brain network and its different activations in BPD and ADHD patients. The research was supported by Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic, grant nr. 15-30062A.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Factors influencing the rate of incidents in a United Kingdom high secure psychiatric hospital: Weekend, ward round and diagnostic effect?
Authors: Lewis F. , Blott H. , Bhattacherjee S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionBroadmoor is a high secure psychiatric hospital divided into personality disorder (PD) and mental illness (MI) pathways. Whenever an incident occurs, it should be recorded. To better understand which factors influence the rate of incidents, such as diagnosis or intervention by medical and psychological staff, we examined the difference in the number of incidents recorded on weekdays versus weekends, ward round (WR) versus non-WR days and the PD versus MI pathways.MethodAll incidents recorded over a one-year period (3.11.2014–2.11.2015) were examined. Extraneous incidents were excluded, leaving subgroups of “aggressive” (physical and verbal) and “physical” (excluding verbal) incidents which were analysed. Data were adjusted for the difference in number of beds in each pathway.ResultsOf the 2369 incident reports included, more were recorded per day on weekdays than weekends, with little difference on WR versus non-WR days. The rates of both types of incidents were similar on both PD and MI admission wards, although the rate of “physical” incidents was 2.6 times higher and “aggressive” incidents 3.3 times higher in PD compared to MI rehabilitation wards.ConclusionThe findings suggest the presence of medical and psychological staff during the week, and possibly the requirements they place on patients, may increase the rate of incidents within the hospital. Despite comparable rates on admission, MI rehabilitation wards have far fewer incidents than PD rehab wards, which may reflect the more intractable nature of PD versus MI. More work is required to confirm these findings.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.