bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional outcomes following various reconstructive methods following various forms of maxillectomies- a tertiary centre experience
Authors: Shankar Amritha Prabha , B. R. Keerthi , M. S. Ganesh 
Published: February 2017

Background: The maxilla is the pivotal structure of the midface, separating the oral, antral, and orbital cavities, and providing support to the globes, lower eyelids, cheeks, lips, and nose. In addition, the maxilla play a critical role in speech, swallowing, and mastication. To evaluate the functional outcomes following various reconstructive methods following various forms of maxillectomiesMethods: Retrospective analysis of medical records of patients who underwent various forms of maxillectomies from January 2011 to December 2013. Postmaxillectomy defects were managed by either prosthesis or local flaps.Results: Forty patients had various forms of maxillectomies. Fifteen patients had Browns class 1 maxilectomy and all of these patients underwent reconstruction with Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap. Ten patients underwent class 2a maxillectomy and reconstruction with obturator and Split skin thickness grafting. Nine patients underwent class 3a-b resection and four patients class 4a-b resection and all had reconstruction with temporalis myofascial flap. Two patients underwent orbitomaxillary resection with palate preserved and reconstruction with temporalis myofascial and forehead flap. Mean follow up period was 8 months (Range 6- 24 months). Two patients developed moderate grade of trismus after completion of radiotherapy. One patient developed recurrence in neck after 6 months of completion of adjuvant radiotherapy. All had moderate to fair speech and eating function which improved over time.Conclusions: There was no difference between flap reconstruction or obturator intervention of maxillary defects in speech and eating function. Small and lateral defects are better reconstructed with obturator and defects involving orbit and total maxilla are better reconstructed with regional flaps. Hence even in the era of microvascular flaps, obturator and regional flaps can still be considered for reconstruction of maxillectomy defects with fairly good outcome.
A comparative study between laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy in cases of cholecystitis with cholelithiasis: one year experience in tertiary care center
Authors: Shukla Ashutosh , Seth Sharad , Ranjan Alok 
Published: February 2017

Background: Gall stones are a major cause of morbidity all over the world. Until the end of 1980’s, open cholecystectomy was the gold standard for treatment of stones in the gall bladder. Laparoscopy has revolutionized surgery causing a re-evaluation of treatment strategies including cholecystectomy, however, it is not completely devoid of pitfalls. This study was undertaken to determine whether laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be recommended over open cholecystectomy as the procedure of choice for the treatment of cholecystitis with cholelithiasis.Methods: This study included a total of 100 patients in the age group 20-70 years diagnosed as calculous cholecystitis on ultrasonography and admitted to the surgical wards of Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India between November 2014 to October 2015. They were divided into two groups. Group I (n = 50) who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and Group II (n = 50) who underwent open cholecystectomy.Results: A comparison of the two groups showed that the duration of surgery was significantly more in Group I (mean 52.32 minutes) as compared to Group II (mean 37.66 minutes) (p <0.001). There was <100 ml blood loss in the majority of Group I cases (94%), however, in Group II, majority had blood loss ≥100 ml (96%) (p <0.001). Mean duration of post-operative pain was 14.68 hours in group I and 27.92 hours in group II (p <0.001). Time taken to restoration of oral feeds, was less in group I (mean 11.68 hours) as compared to group II (mean 17.24 hours). Post-operative hospital stay was a mean of 1.18±0.52 days in Group I and a mean of 4.78±1.42 days in Group II (p<0.001). The time taken for resumption of normal activity was two days and three days (p <0.001) in group I and II respectively. In Group I, average cost of treatment was rupees 10870, but in Group II it was significantly more at rupees 12152 (p = 0.007).Conclusions: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy as a surgical procedure can be recommended over open cholecystectomy in carefully selected patients of gall stone disease.
Sinonasal tumours: a clinical study and management
Authors: Sawant Shweta , Megalamani Somanath B. 
Published: February 2017

Background: Sinonasal tumours are rare. Malignant lesions are more common than benign ones and prognosis is grave. This study was undertaken to understand clinical and histological features in addition to diagnostic workup, treatment outcomes, survival and prognostic factors of sinonasal tumours.Methods: Time bound descriptive study at Department of ENT, KIMS, HUBLI, of 31 patients presenting with features suggestive of sinonasal tumours from October 2014 to September 2016. All patients were subjected to diagnostic nasal endoscopy, biopsy and radiological assessment of nose and paranasal Sinuses.Results: 31 patients with sinonasal tumours were included in study group. Male patients outnumbered the female patients (2.4:1). Cigarette smoking was found to be important risk factor and was statistically significant(p<0.05). Patients mainly presented with complaints like nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, headache, hyposmia/ anosmia, facial swelling, facial pain, etc. Malignant tumours were more than benign tumours. JNA and IP were most common among benign and SCC was most common among malignant tumours.Conclusions: Sinonasal tumours are rare. Early diagnosis is important. Nasal endoscopic examination and CT scan can diagnose sinonasal tumours at an early stage. With many etiological factors analysed, cigarette smoking was found to be an important risk factor even for sinonasal tumours.
Role of uterine artery embolisation in the treatment of symptomatic fibroids
Authors: Ingole Shivraj M. , Chavan Reshma P. , Pant Rochan , Malvadkar Sharad M. 
Published: February 2017

Background: Uterine fibroids are the most common tumor in the female reproductive tract with high incidence of 40%. The objectives were to evaluate the technical success of the uterine artery embolisation in symptomatic fibroids and to evaluate improvement of symptoms and determine complications. Methods: Total 15 patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids were undergone uterine artery embolisation over a period of two years. The patients were followed with pelvic ultrasound immediately after the procedure and at 2 and 6 months intervals after procedure.Results: There was significant reduction in size of fibroids and improvement of symptoms after the procedure. Technical success rate and clinical success rate are 96% and 93% respectively which are comparable with other international studies. The complications with this procedure are few. The most common complication is pelvic pain.Conclusions: Uterine fibroids are the most common benign pelvic neoplasms, affecting nearly 40% of women of reproductive age. In the management of symptomatic fibroids uterine artery embolisation is a safe and effective alternative to surgery with markedly reduced morbidity and mortality.
IMPORTANCE OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOVEMENT RHYTHM AND RESPIRATION IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND IN TOP-LEVEL SPORT
Authors: Starosta Włodzimierz 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The existence of a human body is conditioned by: food, sleep, respiration. Without air man can live approximately 4 minutes. A longer break in access of oxygen to the brain results in irreversible changes of its functioning. Majority of adults
cannot breathe economically and rhythmically. If respiration has such importance for the normal life of a man it should
constitute a significant part of educational system. Only in few national cultures, including Asia (e.g. in Japan and
China) the ability to breathe was made into an art. There, this art is subject to special care throughout many years of life of a person and is an essential component of mental hygiene. Respiration has particular importance while practicing physical exercise. The correct combination of respiration rhythm and movement is a prerequisite to remain healthy and to keep the ability to work, as well as to achieve high results in sport. Scarce information about this important issue could be found in some handbooks concerning health maintenance, but they were not found in the theory of: movement teaching, recreation, anthropokinesiology. It was a little number of papers publish about this very important problem [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]. The issue of rational respiration was the subject of particular interest of scientists several years ago, but recently it has become only marginal. Consequently, the aim of this paper was to: 1. Study the literature connected with respiration and movement rhythm. 2. To define which phase of respiration: expiration or inspiration is more important in different sport exercises. 3. Elaboration a classification of kind respiration phase and different sports. 4. Methods for creating the art of rational respiration. 5. Relation of rational respiration rhythm to endurance.
IMPACT OF THE “DANUBE CYCLING ROUTE” ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CYCLING TOURISM IN SERBIA
Authors: Vujko Aleksandra , Plavša Jovan , Ostojić Natalija 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Introduction. Based on the hypothesis H that the Danube Cycling Route is the basis for the development of cycling tourism in Serbia, the research goal was to adequately demonstrate the impact that the route may have on the development of cycling tourism, using LoNGPESTEL analysis. Material and methods. The research data were collected by direct investigation, applying the survey method. The sample included 264 DBR cyclists of both genders from nine countries. Results. The research resulted in the following conclusions: that Fruška Gora Mountain (FGM) has great potential for the development of cycling tourism, and the "Danube Cycling Route" can be its backbone. Conclusions. In relation to the “Danube Cycling Route” the research has shown that one of the main advantages of FGM are: ground mobility, availability and easy access from many points on the mountain. Also, due to favourable conditions, many natural and cultural values and numerous training activities can complement the stay there.
New ALMA and Fermi/LAT Observations of the Large-scale Jet of PKS 0637−752 Strengthen the Case Against the IC/CMB Model
Authors: Meyer Eileen T. , Breiding Peter , Georganopoulos Markos , Oteo Iván , Zwaan Martin A. , Laing Robert , Godfrey Leith , Ivison R. J. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The Chandra X-ray observatory has discovered several dozen anomalously X-ray-bright jets associated with powerful quasars. A popular explanation for the X-ray flux from the knots in these jets is that relativistic synchrotron-emitting electrons inverse-Compton scatter cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons to X-ray energies (the IC/CMB model). This model predicts a high gamma-ray flux that should be detectable by the Fermi/Large Area Telescope (LAT) for many sources. GeV-band upper limits from Fermi/LAT for the well-known anomalous X-ray jet in PKS 0637−752 were previously shown in Meyer et al. to violate the predictions of the IC/CMB model. Previously, measurements of the jet synchrotron spectrum, important for accurately predicting the gamma-ray flux level, were lacking between radio and infrared wavelengths. Here, we present new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the large-scale jet at 100, 233, and 319 GHz, which further constrain the synchrotron spectrum, supporting the previously published empirical model. We also present updated limits from the Fermi/LAT using the new “Pass 8” calibration and approximately 30% more time on source. With these deeper limits, we rule out the IC/CMB model at the 8.7σ level. Finally, we demonstrate that complete knowledge of the synchrotron SED is critical in evaluating the IC/CMB model.
Feedback Limits to Maximum Seed Masses of Black Holes
Authors: Pacucci Fabio , Natarajan Priyamvada , Ferrara Andrea 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The most massive black holes observed in the universe weigh up to ∼1010
M
⊙, nearly independent of redshift. Reaching these final masses likely required copious accretion and several major mergers. Employing a dynamical approach that rests on the role played by a new, relevant physical scale—the transition radius—we provide a theoretical calculation of the maximum mass achievable by a black hole seed that forms in an isolated halo, one that scarcely merged. Incorporating effects at the transition radius and their impact on the evolution of accretion in isolated halos, we are able to obtain new limits for permitted growth. We find that large black hole seeds (M
• ≳ 104
M
⊙) hosted in small isolated halos (M

h
≲ 109
M
⊙) accreting with relatively small radiative efficiencies (ϵ ≲ 0.1) grow optimally in these circumstances. Moreover, we show that the standard M
•–σ relation observed at z ∼ 0 cannot be established in isolated halos at high-z, but requires the occurrence of mergers. Since the average limiting mass of black holes formed at z ≳ 10 is in the range 104–6
M
⊙, we expect to observe them in local galaxies as intermediate-mass black holes, when hosted in the rare halos that experienced only minor or no merging events. Such ancient black holes, formed in isolation with subsequent scant growth, could survive, almost unchanged, until present.
Solar Ellerman Bombs in 1D Radiative Hydrodynamics
Authors: Reid A. , Mathioudakis M. , Kowalski A. , Doyle J. G. , Allred J. C. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Recent observations from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph appear to show impulsive brightenings in high temperature lines, which when combined with simultaneous ground-based observations in Hα, appear co-spatial to Ellerman Bombs (EBs). We use the RADYN one-dimensional radiative transfer code in an attempt to try and reproduce the observed line profiles and simulate the atmospheric conditions of these events. Combined with the MULTI/RH line synthesis codes, we compute the Hα, Ca ii 8542 Å, and Mg ii h and k lines for these simulated events and compare them to previous observations. Our findings hint that the presence of superheated regions in the photosphere (>10,000 K) is not a plausible explanation for the production of EB signatures. While we are able to recreate EB-like line profiles in Hα, Ca ii 8542 Å, and Mg ii h and k, we cannot achieve agreement with all of these simultaneously.
Loss of CMAH during Human Evolution Primed the Monocyte–Macrophage Lineage toward a More Inflammatory and Phagocytic State
Authors: Okerblom Jonathan J. , Schwarz Flavio , Olson Josh , Fletes William , Ali Syed Raza , Martin Paul T. , Glass Christopher K. , Nizet Victor , Varki Ajit 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Humans and chimpanzees are more sensitive to endotoxin than are mice or monkeys, but any underlying differences in inflammatory physiology have not been fully described or understood. We studied innate immune responses in Cmah−/− mice, emulating human loss of the gene encoding production of Neu5Gc, a major cell surface sialic acid. CMP–N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) loss occurred ∼2–3 million years ago, after the common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees, perhaps contributing to speciation of the genus Homo. Cmah−/− mice manifested a decreased survival in endotoxemia following bacterial LPS injection. Macrophages from Cmah−/− mice secreted more inflammatory cytokines with LPS stimulation and showed more phagocytic activity. Macrophages and whole blood from Cmah−/− mice also killed bacteria more effectively. Metabolic reintroduction of Neu5Gc into Cmah−/− macrophages suppressed these differences. Cmah−/− mice also showed enhanced bacterial clearance during sublethal lung infection. Although monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages from humans and chimpanzees exhibited marginal differences in LPS responses, human monocyte-derived macrophages killed Escherichia coli and ingested E. coli BioParticles better. Metabolic reintroduction of Neu5Gc into human macrophages suppressed these differences. Although multiple mechanisms are likely involved, one cause is altered expression of C/EBPβ, a transcription factor affecting macrophage function. Loss of Neu5Gc in Homo likely had complex effects on immunity, providing greater capabilities to clear sublethal bacterial challenges, possibly at the cost of endotoxic shock risk. This trade-off may have provided a selective advantage when Homo transitioned to butchery using stone tools. The findings may also explain why the Cmah−/− state alters severity in mouse models of human disease.
La opinión de los estudiantes sobre metodologías docentes
Authors: Carbó S. , Meseguer S. , Juan P. 
Published: February 2017

<p style="margin-bottom: 0.2cm; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%;" lang="es-ES" align="justify"><span style="font-size: small;">Se realiza una investigación sobre ciertas metodologías descritas por Finkel en su libro «Como dar clase con la boca cerrada». Esta investigación consiste en una valoración que realizan los alumnos del I.E.S. Bovalar de Castellón mediante una encuesta. </span><span style="font-weight: normal;">L</span><span style="font-weight: normal;">a investigación pretende ver si hay relación entre aquellas metodologías que a los alumnos les parecen más participativas, y las que les gustaría que sus profesores utilizaran, es decir, si los alumnos prefieren usar metodologías didácticas en que ellos se impliquen más, </span><span style="font-weight: normal;">y</span><span style="font-weight: normal;"> donde ellos son el centro del proceso de Enseñanza-Aprendizaje. </span><span style="font-size: small;">Después de un análisis estadístico mediante el programa SPSS, podemos concluir que si que existe una relación directa entre las metodologías más participativas desde el punto de vista de los alumnos, y las que les gustaría que sus profesores pusieran en práctica. </span><span style="font-size: small;">Finalmente, realizamos una valoración de la importancia de ampliar el uso de este tipo de estrategias para conseguir que el aprendizaje sea significativo y que los alumnos mejoren en la adquisición de las competencias básicas.</span></p>
Cephalometric Soft Tissue Standard and Gender Dimorphism in Nasal Prominence estimated By Holdaway's Analysis in Patients visiting College of Dentistry, Aljouf University
Authors: Kundi Ibadullah 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe objectives were to see the nasal prominence norm and the gender dimorphism in nasal prominence measured by Holdaway's soft tissue analysis.Materials and methodsThe sample size was 100 (50 males and 50 females). The subjects included in the study were of Saudi origin with class I skeletal and dental relationship and all teeth present. The age group of the patients was between 18 and 28 years. The radiographs were traced and analyzed by two students and cross-checked by an orthodontist. The nasal prominence was measured according to the technique described by Holdaway.ResultsThe descriptive statistics were calculated for both male and female groups. The mean value of nasal prominence when male and female samples were combined was 14.08 mm. No statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.083) when genders were compared. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.ConclusionNo statistically significant difference was found when genders were compared. The value for males was normal while the value for females was less than Holdaway's normal.Clinical significanceThese values would aid in treatment planning for orthognathic surgery and orthodontic treatment.How to cite this articleKundi I. Cephalometric Soft Tissue Standard and Gender Dimorphism in Nasal Prominence estimated by Holdaway's Analysis in Patients visiting College of Dentistry, Aljouf University. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017; 18(2):152-155.
Assessment of Knowledge and Practice of Mothers of Children under Five regarding Zinc Therapy in Childhood Diarrhea
Authors: Dhar Dipak Kumar , Majumder Nilratan , Paul Debasish 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
Zinc is now considered as an important treatment intervention along with low-osmolarity oral rehydration salts in diarrhea. But awareness about the use of zinc remains low. The present study was conducted with an objective of assessing knowledge and practice of mothers of under-5 children about zinc supplementation in diarrhea.

Materials and methods
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out in the Paediatric Outpatient Department Agartala Government Medical College and GB Pant Hospital, Agartala, Tripura, India, with a sample size of 700 mothers of under-5 children over 2 months. Convenience sampling technique was employed and the data were collected in a structured, interview schedule. Descriptive statistics and tests like chi-square test were used for analysis.

Results
Only 1.9% of all the respondents (13 out of 700) had heard about zinc therapy in diarrhea. Out of them, 11 mothers had actually used zinc in practice and 7 could tell the duration of therapy. None of them were aware of what benefit is conferred by zinc in an episode of diarrhea. An association between knowledge levels and educational status and occupation of mothers was found to be statistically significant.

Conclusion
The study reaffirmed the abysmally low level of awareness about zinc supplementation among mothers. Therefore, health education can be used as a tool to promote knowledge and practice of zinc supplementation in diarrhea to reduce mortality and morbidity.

How to cite this article
Dhar DK, Majumder N, Paul D. Assessment of Knowledge and Practice of Mothers of Children under Five regarding Zinc Therapy in Childhood Diarrhea. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(4):169-172.
Brugada Syndrome: Killer Genetic Heart Disorder
Authors: Agarwal Nitin , Chaudhary Payodh , Kulshrestha Malini , Chaudhary RR 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT
Brugada syndrome is a rare inherited arrhythmic disorder, which predisposes to ventricular arrhythmia that is responsible for sudden and unexpected nocturnal death syndrome.

How to cite this article
Chaudhary P, Agarwal N, Kulshrestha M, Chaudhary RR. Brugada Syndrome: Killer Genetic Heart Disorder. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016; 1(4):186-187.