bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract LB-366: miRNA as markers of CIN risk and persistence for optimization of HPV-based cervical cancer screening
Authors: Naccarati Alessio , De Maria Daniela , Cordero Francesca , Pardini Barbara , Gouzounis Stavrula , Arigoni Maddalena , Rizzolo Raffaella , De Marco Laura , Gillio-Tos Anna , Vineis Paolo , Ronco Guglielmo 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is caused by oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) infection and exhibits well-defined clinical stages associated with different steps of tumorigenesis. Screening for CC based on HPV is more effective than cytology, but it may increase costs and over treatment of spontaneously regressive high-grade lesions (hgCIN). Thus triage of HPV positive women is needed. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) are dysregulated in CC and hgCIN. However, the studies so far are based on miRNA candidate genes or array approach, mainly in tumor/healthy tissues. The aim of this study is to investigate, for the first time, miRNA profiles by next-generation sequencing in exfoliated cervical cells of HPV-positive women in relation to the presence of hgCIN lesions or as predictors of persistence/progression of CIN lesions. The study is nested in a large Italian multi-centre randomised controlled trial recruiting women in population-based screening programs that actively invite women aged 25-64 years. The study population includes HPV-positive women with CIN2 and CIN3 or without hgCIN lesion. For the discovery phase libraries of 100 samples of exfoliated cervical cells have been set up for miRNA sequencing. For the validation an additional set of 250 samples has already been selected.
Preliminary results shows that, after correction for multiple testing, 44 miRNAs resulted dysregulated in women with vs. those without prevalent hgCIN. This set includes some miRNAs previously reported in the literature, such as miR-100 and miR-126, and other additional miRNAs not included in arrays before. The association of miRNAs with occurrence of hgCIN and clearance of infection during follow up reveals other significantly differentially expressed miRNAs under investigation for their biological roles. The high stability of miRNAs, in contrast to the fast degradation of mRNA and proteins, allows their accurate determination also in samples of exfoliated cervical collected during screening. Validation of the results, associations with other investigated markers and with HPV genotypes will be performed.
Study supported by Italian Association on Cancer Research (AIRC, IG2013 N.14119).
Citation Format: Alessio Naccarati, Daniela De Maria, Francesca Cordero, Barbara Pardini, Stavrula Gouzounis, Maddalena Arigoni, Raffaella Rizzolo, Laura De Marco, Anna Gillio-Tos, Paolo Vineis, Guglielmo Ronco. miRNA as markers of CIN risk and persistence for optimization of HPV-based cervical cancer screening. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-366.
Abstract LB-370: Fine mapping of 32 breast cancer risk loci in women of East Asian ancestry
Authors: Zeng Chenjie , Cai Qiuyin , Long Jirong , Zheng Ying , Xiang Yong-Bing , Shi Jiajun , Shu Xiao-Ou , Zheng Wei 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified multiple genetic susceptibility loci for breast cancer risk. The majority of these loci, however, were identified in studies conducted in European descendants. A comprehensive evaluation of these risk loci using densely genotyped data in East Asians may help to identify independent association signals and risk variants that are more closely related to breast cancer risk in East Asian women than those reported initially.
Methods: We performed a fine-scale mapping of 32 breast cancer susceptibility loci identified in previous GWAS in 5,703 breast cancer cases and 5,766 controls in studies conducted in Shanghai, China, Nearly 4,100 variants in these 32 loci were genotyped. We imputed genotypes using the 1000 Genomes Project (Phase 3) as the reference. Included in this analysis were 4,086 genotyped and more than 17,000 well-imputed common variants. At each locus, analyses using logistic regression models were conducted to identify variants that better capture the association with breast cancer risk and new risk variants that are not correlated with the risk variants reported from the initial studies (index SNPs). To identify additional independent risk variants, logistic regression conditional on the most significantly associated variant was performed.
Results: We identified risk variants that better captured the association than the index SNPs at 3 loci (2q35, rs1478596, OR = 1.14, P = 5.6×10-6; 6q25.1, rs9322344, OR = 0.89, P = 3.1×10-5;11q24.3, rs11221769, OR = 1.12, P = 6.1 ×10-5), new risk variants at 2 loci (1p13.2, rs3789614, OR = 1.31, P = 0.002; 2q31.1, rs117055746, OR = 0.87, P = 0.004), and independent risk variants at two loci (6q14.1, rs200626240, OR = 0.89, P = 0.001; 6q25.1 rs2982684, OR = 0.87, P = 2.7×10-5, Chr6:152107810, OR = 0.91, P = 1.4×10-4).
Conclusion: This study identified multiple risk variants that were more relevant to East Asians than the index SNPs. These risk variants combined explained a further 2% of the familial relative risk in this population. This study highlighted the need of fine-mapping studies in non-European ancestral populations to search for additional risk variants.
Citation Format: Chenjie Zeng, Qiuyin Cai, Jirong Long, Ying Zheng, Yong-Bing Xiang, Jiajun Shi, Xiao-Ou Shu, Wei Zheng. Fine mapping of 32 breast cancer risk loci in women of East Asian ancestry. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-370.
Abstract LB-378: Ankyrin repeat domain 30A as a novel molecular marker of columnar alterations in benign breast disease and subsequent breast cancer in African American women
Authors: Holowatyj Andreana N. , Ali-Fehmi Rouba , Ruterbusch Julie J. , Abdulfatah Eman , Pardeshi Vishakha , Roquiz Woodlyne , Alosh Baraa , Bandyopadhyay Sudeshna , Radisky Derek , Cote Michele L. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
An estimated 1.6 million breast biopsies are performed annually in the United States, and the vast majority are benign. Benign breast disease is an established breast cancer risk factor for both Caucasian and African American women. Yet little is still known about benign breast tissue from African American women, who suffer from disproportionately high-grade tumors and poorer breast cancer survival. To better characterize the risk of breast cancer among African American women with benign breast disease, we assessed benign breast disease pathology of African American women in our metropolitan Detroit cohort (n = 3,737). We classified benign breast lesions for pathological characteristics and used logistic regression to estimate subsequent breast cancer risk with histological characteristics. We observed that women whose biopsies showed columnar alterations, columnar cell lesions of the breast, were 1.78-fold more likely to develop an invasive breast cancer [odds ratio (OR) 1.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-2.65] after adjusting for age at biopsy, biopsy year, and overall impression. Columnar alterations were not found to be significantly associated with risk of developing ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) among African American women [OR 1.53, 95% CI 0.83-2.82]. Next, to identify molecular markers associated with columnar alterations in benign breast lesions, we performed gene expression analyses on biopsy tissues from 27 African American women that subsequently developed an invasive breast cancer. Transcriptional profiling of these lesions identified differentially expressed genes significantly associated with columnar alterations, including ankyrin repeat domain 30A (ANKRD30A). ANKRD30A, also known as NY-BR-1, is a mammary tissue-specific differentiation antigen that is overexpressed in breast cancers. Increased expression of ANKRD30A in benign breast lesions with columnar alterations may be indicative of subsequent breast cancer development. Taken together, novel molecular markers, including ANKRD30A, and ethnicity can lead to better risk assessment and earlier diagnosis of breast cancer.
Citation Format: Andreana N. Holowatyj, Rouba Ali-Fehmi, Julie J. Ruterbusch, Eman Abdulfatah, Vishakha Pardeshi, Woodlyne Roquiz, Baraa Alosh, Sudeshna Bandyopadhyay, Derek Radisky, Michele L. Cote. Ankyrin repeat domain 30A as a novel molecular marker of columnar alterations in benign breast disease and subsequent breast cancer in African American women. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-378.
Abstract PL03-02: The AML genome(s)
Authors: Ley Timothy J. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a clonal disorder of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. These cells have been shown to accumulate random mutations as a function of time; however, some of these mutations are non-random and can cause the expansion of the stem cells that contain them, creating a benign ‘preleukemic’ state that has recently been dubbed “Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential” (CHIP). As these clones expand, they can occasionally acquire additional mutations that create a profound advantage for these cells, yielding an AML “ founding clone”. Founding clones generate subclones that have unique properties that are probably defined by the specific mutations that they contain. These subclones, found in virtually all AML cases, shape the responses of AML patients to therapy, and often contribute to relapse. Clonal heterogeneity is therefore a hallmark of AML at presentation, and approaches to assess risk of relapse must take this into account. Further, approaches to cure this disease will probably require successful targeting of the mutations that initiate the disease, which are the only ones that are found in all the cells within the tumor. Frequently, the initiating mutations that expand the preleukemic clone are persistent when patients are in clinical remission, strongly suggesting that these events are important for relapse. The precise mechanisms by which canonical initiating events predispose to AML are largely unknown, but many of these mutations do cause significant changes in the epigenome that are probably relevant for pathogenesis.
Citation Format: Timothy J. Ley. The AML genome(s). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr PL03-02.
Abstract SY04-01: The in vivo gain-of-function activities of mutant p53
Authors: Lozano Guillermina 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The p53 tumor suppressor is the most often altered gene in human cancers with missense mutations in the DNA binding domain accounting for approximately 70% of alterations. Mutant p53 proteins have gain-of-function activates that contribute to more aggressive tumors with increased metastatic properties. Mechanisms by which mutant p53 exerts its gain of function will be discussed. In addition, I will discuss the generation of a novel mouse model that allows Cre-mediated expression of mutant p53 in specific cell types leaving the surrounding stroma and immune system wild type for p53 as occurs in human somatic tumors.
Citation Format: Guillermina Lozano. The in vivo gain-of-function activities of mutant p53. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr SY04-01.
Abstract SY09-01: The tumor immunity continuum as a framework for rational combinations
Authors: Hegde Priti S. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The PD-L1/PD-1 pathway is emerging as a central axis for immune-based therapeutic strategies in the treatment of multiple cancers. While these therapies are defined by durable responses extending to impressive overall survival improvement, this clinical benefit is limited to a few. We utilized gene signature analysis of cell subsets associated with the TME and molecular classification of disease using whole transcriptome analysis, PD-L1 IHC, CD8 IHC and tumor mutational load to identify signatures associated with immune response to atezolizumab (ati-PDL1) therapy from large Phase II trials and describe signatures associated with immune escape. Namely, we demonstrate that a preexisting immune response associated with inflamed tumors is highly predictive of clinical benefit to checkpoint inhibition. In addition, we describe both histological and molecular phenotypes associated with immune escape. The biological drivers of PD-L1 expression on tumor cells and tumor infiltrating immune cells will be presented. Using the lessons learned from human tumor immunology, we propose the concept of the tumor immunity continuum as a framework to expand the patient pool that derive long-term clinical benefit by harnessing their immune system.
Citation Format: Priti S. Hegde. The tumor immunity continuum as a framework for rational combinations. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr SY09-01.
Abstract SY38-02: Immune-related changes in breast tumor evolution
Authors: Polyak Kornelia 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Increasing evidence supports a role for the immune system in tumor initiation and progression. Immune cells shape tumor evolution directly (e.g., anti-tumor immune response) and indirectly (e.g., changing the microenvironment) by selecting for cancer cells with certain properties. Immunotherapy is one of the most promising current therapeutic options and almost the only one that can effectively cure metastatic disease. However, thus far its success has been limited to a subset of patients. This may be a consequence of heterogeneity among tumors for mechanisms by which they escape immune surveillance. We hypothesized that the in situ to invasive carcinoma transition is a critical tumor progression step for immune escape in breast cancer that defines subsequent tumor evolution. This is due to the fact that in DCIS (ductal carcinoma in situ) cancer cells are still physically separated from the stroma by the basement membrane and myoepithelial cell layer, and tumor-infiltrating leukocytes are rarely detected in direct contact with cancer cells. In contrast, with invasive progression, cancer cells and leukocytes are intermingled, thus, only cancer cells that can survive in this environment will play a role in disease progression. To begin dissecting mechanisms of immune escape during breast tumor progression, we analyzed the composition of leukocytes in normal breast tissues, DCIS, and invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC) by polychromatic FACS and found significant changes in multiple cell types. We also analyzed the gene expression profiles of T cells from each of these tissue types and found that T cells in DCIS are different from those in normal breast and invasive tumors. We validated some of these changes by multicolor immunofluorescence. We also performed high throughput sequencing of T cell receptor (TCR) of T cells in DCIS and found potential clonal expansions shared among patients. Lastly, we performed multicolor immunofluorescence analysis of checkpoint proteins in DCIS and IDC of different subtypes, and detected significant differences in expression patterns. Our results imply that analyzing immune-related changes during DCIS to IDC transition will identify novel targets for immunotherapy in breast cancer.
Citation Format: Kornelia Polyak. Immune-related changes in breast tumor evolution. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr SY38-02.
A first report of egg parasitism in the Tropical Tasar Silkworm Antheraea mylitta (Drury) occurring on cashew
Authors: Vanitha K. , Santhosh S. 
Published: July 2016

The present study has documented egg parasitism in Tropical Tasar Silkworm for the first time. The parasitoid is Anastatus leithi (Walker) belonging to Eupelmidae family. It is a solitary koinobiont endoparasitoid, emerges out as adults from the tasar eggs in 17-20 days during August- September. The parasitism rate was recorded at 11.90 percentage.
On the distribution of Aeshna petalura Martin, 1908 (Odonata: Anisoptera: Aeshnidae) in the Indian subcontinent
Authors: Babu R. , Srinivasan G. 
Published: July 2016

Aeshna petalura Martin, is documented for the first time from the high ranges of the eastern Himalaya (above 4,000m) and also a new record from the Tawang Region of Arunachal Pradesh, India. The description of the species along with a distribution range map is also provided. The type locality and distribution within India is also discussed.
Methodological Credibility
Authors: Jacobson Miriam R. , Azzam Tarek 
Published: July 2016

Background: When evaluations are broadly disseminated, the public can use them to support a program or to advocate for change. Methods: To explore how evaluations are perceived and used by the public, individuals in a sample of 425 people in the United States were recruited through an online crowdsourcing service called Mechanical Turk ( www.mturk.com ). Participants were randomly assigned to receive different versions of a press release describing a summative evaluation of a program. Each condition contained a unique combination of methods (e.g., randomized controlled design) and findings (positive or negative) to describe the evaluation and its findings. Participants in each condition responded to questions about their trust in the content of the evaluation findings and their attitudes toward the program. Results: Results indicated that the type of evaluation methods and the direction of the findings both influenced the credibility of the findings and that the credibility of the findings moderated the relationship between the direction of the evaluation findings and attitudes toward the evaluated program. Additional evaluation factors to explore in future research with the public are recommended.
Freedom Constrained Liner for the Treatment and Prevention of Dislocation in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Karvonen M. , Karvonen H. , Seppänen M. , Liukas A. , Koivisto M. , Mäkelä K. T. 
Published: July 2016

Background and Purpose: Dislocation is one of the most common complications following total hip arthroplasty. The aim of our study was to assess failure rate of the Biomet Freedom constrained liner (Biomet, Warsaw, IN, USA) either in revision surgery for recurrent dislocation, or as a preventive method in high dislocation risk patients. Patients and Methods: We assessed retrospectively 105 consecutive surgical procedures in 103 patients where a Freedom constrained liner or cup was used in Turku University Hospital over a 7-year period from 2007 to 2014. The mechanical failure rate of the device was assessed based on medical records. The average age of the patients was 73.4 years. The number of male patients was 53 (51%). Mean follow-up time was 2.5 years. The association between failure of the device and potential risk factors—age, gender, indication, and approach—was analyzed with logistic regression. Results were expressed by odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results: The mechanical failure rate of the Freedom device was 6 out of 105 (5.7%). None of the 11 preventive primary THAs against dislocation failed, 4 out of 52 (7.7%) preventive revision THAs against dislocation failed, and 2 out of 42 (4.8%) of the treated dislocation cases failed. Four out of six failures were dislocations due to impingement and failure of the locking mechanism. Two liners failed because of loosening. The risk factors assessed were not associated with failure of the device. Interpretation: We found out that the mechanical failure rate of a Freedom constrained device was low. These results encourage us to continue using the device.
Kinematics of Shooting in High School and Collegiate Lacrosse Players With and Without Low Back Pain
Authors: Wasser Joseph G. , Chen Cong , Vincent Heather K. 
Published: July 2016

Background: Low back pain (LBP) and motion alterations can occur in athletes who engage in high-speed throwing motions. The relationship between LBP and shooting motion in lacrosse players is not yet known. Purpose: To quantify the effects of LBP on key kinematic parameters of the lacrosse shot and determine the contribution of the severity of LBP on specific kinematic parameters of the shooting motion. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: High school and collegiate players (N = 24) were stratified into 2 groups based on back pain symptoms (LBP or no pain). Three-dimensional motion capture of overhead throws was used to collect data on knee, pelvis, trunk, and shoulder kinematics as well as crosse stick (the stick capped with a strung net) and ball speed. Results: Mean low back numeric pain rating scale (NRSpain) score was 2.9. Knee flexion at ball release was greater in the LBP than no pain group, indicating a more bent knee ( P = .04). The LBP group demonstrated less angular velocity transfer from pelvis to trunk than the no pain group ( P = .05). Total range of motion of the pelvis and shoulders during the shot and follow-through were less in the LBP group than the no pain group (83.6° ± 24.5° vs 75.9° ± 24.5°, P = .05). Age- and sex-adjusted regression analyses revealed that the low back NRSpain rating contributed 6.3% to 25.0% of the variance to the models of shoulder transverse rotation range of motion, trunk and shoulder rotation angular velocities, and knee flexion angle ( P < .05). Conclusion: LBP severity significantly contributes to trunk and shoulder motion restriction during lacrosse shooting. Inclusion of lumbopelvic and core training and prehabilitation programs for high school and collegiate players may reduce pain in affected players as well as help them to attain appropriate motion parameters and avoid secondary musculoskeletal injuries. Clinical Relevance: This research identified a prehabilitation need in the understudied lacrosse population. Therapeutic strategies can be developed to strengthen the throwing motion, which could control mechanical loading patterns on the low back and minimize pain symptoms in players with chronic LBP.
Toward Objective Measures of Team Dynamics During Healthcare Simulation Training
Authors: Stevens Ronald , Galloway Trysha , Gorman Jamie , Willemsen-Dunlap Ann , Halpin Don 
Published: July 2016

Three-person teams of fourth-year medical students or experienced operating room practitioners performed simulations around the construct of ventilation. Team member communications together with EEG-derived brainwaves were collected and classified each second and the changing neurodynamic as well as communication organizations of the team were modeled. The fluctuating neurodynamic organizations were obtained from symbolic representations of the EEG power levels of team members while changes in communication were determined by Latent Semantic analysis – derived measures of communication content. The neurodynamic organizations of the teams at the 10 Hz (alpha) and 39 Hz (gamma) EEG frequencies fluctuated with task demands. The frequency, magnitudes, and durations of these fluctuations differed between novice and expert teams, and these changes in the team’s neurodynamic organizations were paralleled by dynamic changes in communication and improvements in TeamSTEPPS® ratings. Neurodynamic and communication measures of team organization may therefore be valuable tools for understanding and assessing the short term dynamics of teams during simulation training, complementing and extending observational evaluations of teams.