bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined effects of cadmium and salinity on juvenile Takifugu obscurus: cadmium moderates salinity tolerance; salinity decreases the toxicity of cadmium
Authors: Wang Jun , Zhu Xuexia , Huang Xin , Gu Lei , Chen Yafen , Yang Zhou 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObscure pufferTakifugu obscurus, a species of anadromous fish, experiences several salinity changes in its lifetime. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that can potentially induce oxidative stress in fish. The present study aimed to detect the combined effects of Cd (0, 5, 10, 20 and 50 mg L−1) and salinity (0, 15 and 30 ppt) on juvenileT. obscurus. Results showed the juveniles could survive well under different salinities; however, with Cd exposure, the survival rates significantly decreased at 0 and 30 ppt. At 15 ppt, tolerance to Cd increased. Cd exposure clearly induced oxidative stress and the responses among different tissues were qualitatively similar. Salinity acted as a protective factor which could reduce the reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels. In addition, salinity could enhance the antioxidant defense system, including superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione. Na+/K+–ATPase activity significantly decreased under Cd exposure in gill, kidney and intestine. These findings indicated that Cd could moderate the adaptability of juvenileT. obscurusto high salinity and low salinity played a protective role upon Cd exposure. Thus, the role of salinity should be considered when evaluating the effect of heavy metals on anadromous and estuarine fishes.
Thermal fluctuations affect the transcriptome through mechanisms independent of average temperature
Authors: Sørensen Jesper Givskov , Schou Mads Fristrup , Kristensen Torsten Nygaard , Loeschcke Volker 
Published: August 2016

AbstractTerrestrial ectotherms are challenged by variation in both mean and variance of temperature. Phenotypic plasticity (thermal acclimation) might mitigate adverse effects, however, we lack a fundamental understanding of the molecular mechanisms of thermal acclimation and how they are affected by fluctuating temperature. Here we investigated the effect of thermal acclimation in Drosophila melanogaster on critical thermal maxima (CTmax) and associated global gene expression profiles as induced by two constant and two ecologically relevant (non-stressful) diurnally fluctuating temperature regimes. Both mean and fluctuation of temperature contributed to thermal acclimation and affected the transcriptome. The transcriptomic response to mean temperatures comprised modification of a major part of the transcriptome, while the response to fluctuations affected a much smaller set of genes, which was highly independent of both the response to a change in mean temperature and to the classic heat shock response. Although the independent transcriptional effects caused by fluctuations were relatively small, they are likely to contribute to our understanding of thermal adaptation. We provide evidence that environmental sensing, particularly phototransduction, is a central mechanism underlying the regulation of thermal acclimation to fluctuating temperatures. Thus, genes and pathways involved in phototransduction are likely of importance in fluctuating climates.
Growth and wetting of water droplet condensed between micron-sized particles and substrate
Authors: Quang Tran Si Bui , Leong Fong Yew , An Hongjie , Tan Beng Hau , Ohl Claus-Dieter 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe study heterogeneous condensation growth of water droplets on micron-sized particles resting on a level substrate. Through numerical simulations on equilibrium droplet profiles, we find multiple wetting states towards complete wetting of the particle. Specifically, a partially wetting droplet could undergo a spontaneous transition to complete wetting during condensation growth, for contact angles above a threshold minimum. In addition, we find a competitive wetting behavior between the particle and the substrate and interestingly, a reversal of the wetting dependence on contact angles during late stages of droplet growth. Using quasi-steady assumption, we simulate a growing droplet under a constant condensation flux and the results are in good agreement with our experimental observations. As a geometric approximation for particle clusters, we propose and validate a pancake model and with it, show that a particle cluster has greater wetting tendency compared to a single particle. Together, our results indicate a strong interplay between contact angle, capillarity and geometry during condensation growth.
Tuning the anticancer activity of a novel pro-apoptotic peptide using gold nanoparticle platforms
Authors: Akrami Mohammad , Balalaie Saeed , Hosseinkhani Saman , Alipour Mohsen , Salehi Fahimeh , Bahador Abbas , Haririan Ismaeil 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPro-apoptotic peptides induce intrinsic apoptosis pathway in cancer cells. However, poor cellular penetration of the peptides is often associated with limited therapeutic efficacy. In this report, a series of peptide-gold nanoparticle platforms were developed to evaluate the anticancer activity of a novel alpha-lipoic acid-peptide conjugate, LA-WKRAKLAK, with respect to size and shape of nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were found to enhance cell internalization as well as anticancer activity of the peptide conjugates. The smaller nanospheres showed a higher cytotoxicity, morphological change and cellular uptake compared to larger nanospheres and nanorods, whereas nanorods showed more hemolytic activity compared to nanospheres. The findings suggested that the anticancer and biological effects of the peptides induced by intrinsic apoptotic pathway were tuned by peptide-functionalized gold nanoparticles (P-AuNPs) as a function of their size and shape.
Suppression of amyloid fibrils using the GroEL apical domain
Authors: Ojha Bimlesh , Fukui Naoya , Hongo Kunihiro , Mizobata Tomohiro , Kawata Yasushi 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn E. coli cells, rescue of non-native proteins and promotion of native state structure is assisted by the chaperonin GroEL. An important key to this activity lies in the structure of the apical domain of GroEL (GroEL-AD) (residue 191–376), which recognizes and binds non-native protein molecules through hydrophobic interactions. In this study, we investigated the effects of GroEL-AD on the aggregation of various client proteins (α-Synuclein, Aβ42, and GroES) that lead to the formation of distinct protein fibrils in vitro. We found that GroEL-AD effectively inhibited the fibril formation of these three proteins when added at concentrations above a critical threshold; the specific ratio differed for each client protein, reflecting the relative affinities. The effect of GroEL-AD in all three cases was to decrease the concentration of aggregate-forming unfolded client protein or its early intermediates in solution, thereby preventing aggregation and fibrillation. Binding affinity assays revealed some differences in the binding mechanisms of GroEL-AD toward each client. Our findings suggest a possible applicability of this minimal functioning derivative of the chaperonins (the “minichaperones”) as protein fibrillation modulators and detectors.
Parity-time-symmetry enhanced optomechanically-induced-transparency
Authors: Li Wenlin , Jiang Yunfeng , Li Chong , Song Heshan 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe propose and analyze a scheme to enhance optomechanically-induced-transparency (OMIT) based on parity-time-symmetric optomechanical system. Our results predict that an OMIT window which does not exist originally can appear in weak optomechanical coupling and driving system via coupling an auxiliary active cavity with optical gain. This phenomenon is quite different from these reported in previous works in which the gain is considered just to damage OMIT phenomenon even leads to electromagnetically induced absorption or inverted-OMIT. Such enhanced OMIT effects are ascribed to the additional gain which can increase photon number in cavity without reducing effective decay. We also discuss the scheme feasibility by analyzing recent experiment parameters. Our work provide a promising platform for the coherent manipulation and slow light operation, which has potential applications for quantum information processing and quantum optical device.
Supercritical Fluid Synthesis and Tribological Applications of Silver Nanoparticle-decorated Graphene in Engine Oil Nanofluid
Authors: Meng Yuan , Su Fenghua , Chen Yangzhi 
Published: August 2016

AbstractSilver nanoparticle-decorated graphene nanocomposites were synthesized by a facile chemical reduction approach with the assistance of supercritical CO2 (ScCO2). The silver nanoparticles with diameters of 2–16 nm are uniformly distributed and firmly anchored on graphene nanosheets. The tribological properties of the as-synthesized nanocomposites as lubricant additives in engine oil were investigated by a four-ball tribometer. The engine oil with 0.06~0.10 wt.% Sc-Ag/GN nanocomposites displays remarkable lubricating performance, superior than the pure engine oil, the engine oil containing zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP), as well as the oil dispersed with the single nanomaterial of graphene oxides (GOs) and nano-Ag particles alone. The remarkable lubricating behaviors of Sc-Ag/GN probably derive from the synergistic interactions of nano-Ag and graphene in the nanocomposite and the action of the formed protective film on the contact balls. The anchored nano-Ag particles on graphene expand the interlamination spaces of graphene nanosheets and can prevent them from restacking during the rubbing process, resulting in the full play of lubricating activity of graphene. The formed protective film on the friction pairs significantly reduces the surface roughness of the sliding balls and hence preventing them from direct interaction during the sliding process.
Design of CMOS‐MEMS broadband infrared emitter arrays integrated with metamaterial absorbers based on CMOS back‐end‐of‐line
Authors: Cheng Zhengxi , Toshiyoshi Hiroshi 
Published: August 2016

A new design of complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor microelectromechanical systems (CMOS‐MEMS) broadband infrared (IR) emitter arrays with integrated metamaterial absorbers (MAs) developed by the CMOS back‐end‐of‐line is presented. The IR emitter array is a promising broadband thermal radiation source for integrated gas sensors. Novel IR emitter arrays are designed using the Central Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation 0.5 μm 2‐poly‐3‐metal CMOS process. To improve the low emissivity that is commonly seen in CMOS‐MEMS type IR emitters due to the inherited low emissivity of SiO2 and SiN in CMOS process, we newly adopted tri‐layer metal–insulator–metal (MIM) and four‐layer insulator–MIM (IMIM) MA by using the CMOS back‐end metal layers and inter‐layer dielectrics, thereby to excite multi‐mode surface plasmon polariton resonances. The emitter integrated with IMIM MA can be electrically modulated up to 344 Hz, as theoretically predicated from thermal properties of the emitters and the radiation properties calculated based on Planck's radiation law. Simulated emissivity spectra through FEM show that the multi‐mode resonances in CMOS MIM and IMIM MAs enhance emissivity and broaden the waveband effectively.
Comparison of implant quality between intraoperatively built custom-linked seeds and loose seeds in permanent prostate brachytherapy using sector analysis
Authors: Katayama Norihisa , Takemoto Mitsuhiro , Takamoto Atsushi , Ihara Hiroki , Katsui Kuniaki , Ebara Shin , Nasu Yasutomo , Kanazawa Susumu 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
We compared the implant quality of intraoperatively built custom-linked (IBCL) seeds with loose seeds in permanent prostate brachytherapy. Between June 2012 and January 2015, 64 consecutive prostate cancer patients underwent brachytherapy with IBCL seeds ( n = 32) or loose seeds ( n = 32). All the patients were treated with 144 Gy of brachytherapy alone. Brachytherapy was performed using a dynamic dose calculation technique. Computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging fusion-based dosimetry was performed 1 month after brachytherapy. Post-implant dose–volume histogram (DVH) parameters, prostate sector dosimetry, operation time, seed migration, and toxicities were compared between the IBCL seed group and the loose seed group. A sector analysis tool was used to divide the prostate into six sectors (anterior and posterior sectors at the base, mid-gland, and apex). V100 (95.3% vs 89.7%; P = 0.014) and D90 (169.7 Gy vs 152.6 Gy; P = 0.013) in the anterior base sector were significantly higher in the IBCL seed group than in the loose seed group. The seed migration rate was significantly lower in the IBCL seed group than in the loose seed group (6% vs 66%; P &lt; 0.001). Operation time per seed was significantly longer in the IBCL seed group than in the loose seed group (1.31 min vs 1.13 min; P = 0.003). Other post-implant DVH parameters and toxicities did not differ significantly between the two groups. Our study showed more dose coverage post-operatively in the anterior base prostate sector and less seed migration in IBCL seed implantation compared with loose seed implantation.
THE ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK IN COMMUNIT (ARIC) STUDY: DESIGN AND OBJECTIVES
Authors:   THE ARIC INVESTIGATORS
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) is a new prospective study to investigate the etiology of atherosclerosis and its clinical sequelae and variation in cardiovascular risk factors, medical care, and disease by race, sex, place, and time. in each of four US communities—Forsyth County, North Carolina, Jackson, Mississippi, suburbs of Minneapolis, Minnesota, and Washington County, Maryland—4, 000 adults aged 45–64 years will be examined twice, three years apart. ARIC has coordinating, ultrasound, pulmonary, and electrocardiographic centers and three central laboratories. Three cohorts represent the ethnic mix of their communities; the Jackson cohort, its black population. Examinations include ultrasound scanning of carotid and popliteal arteries; lipids, lipoprotelns, and apolipoproteins assayed in the Lipid Laboratory; and coagulation, inhibition, and platelet and fibrinolytic actmty assayed in the Hemostasis Laboratory. Surveil lance for coronary heart disease will involve review of hospitalizations and deaths among community residents aged 35–74 years. ARIC aims to study atheroscle rosis by direct observation of the disease and by use of modem biochemistry.
Annual parallax and a dimming event of a Mira variable star, FV Bootis
Authors: Kamezaki Tatsuya , Nakagawa Akiharu , Omodaka Toshihiro , Inoue Kan-ichiro , Chibueze James O. , Nagayama Takumi , Ueno Yuji , Matsunaga Noriyuki 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
We present the first measurement of the trigonometric parallax of water masers associated with a Mira star, FV Bootis (FV Boo) using VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry (VERA). Based on our multi-epoch VERA observations, we derived the parallax to be 0.97 ± 0.06 mas, which corresponds to a distance of $1.03^{+0.07}_{-0.06}$ kpc. The water masers around FV Boo were spatially distributed over an area of 41 au × 41 au, and their internal motions indicate the presence of an outflow. Using the Kagoshima University 1 m optical/infrared telescope, we determined the period to be 305.6 d and the mean apparent magnitude to be +2.91 mag in the K′-band. On the period–luminosity plane, the obtained period and K′-band magnitude puts FV Boo slightly below the sequence of Miras, possibly due to circumstellar reddening. Combining our photometric data with COBE and 2MASS datasets spanning over 20 years, we found in the near infrared that FV Boo was significantly fainter in 2005 compared with preceding and later phases. Its color, however, did not show a large variation through this change. We infer that the dimming could be caused by an eclipse due to a cloud in a binary system.
Morphometric analysis ofPassifloraleaves: the relationship between landmarks of the vasculature and elliptical Fourier descriptors of the blade
Authors: Chitwood Daniel H. , Otoni Wagner C. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDLeaf shape amongPassifloraspecies is spectacularly diverse. Underlying this diversity in leaf shape are profound changes in the patterning of the primary vasculature and laminar outgrowth. Each of these aspects of leaf morphology—vasculature and blade—provides different insights into leaf patterning.RESULTSHere, we morphometrically analyze >3,300 leaves from 40 differentPassifloraspecies collected sequentially across the vine. Each leaf is measured in two different ways: using 1) 15 homologous Procrustes-adjusted landmarks of the vasculature, sinuses, and lobes and 2) Elliptical Fourier Descriptors (EFDs), which quantify the outline of the leaf. The ability of landmarks, EFDs, and both datasets together are compared to determine their relative ability to predict species and node position within the vine. Pairwise correlation of x and y landmark coordinates and EFD harmonic coefficients reveals close associations between traits and insights into the relationship between vasculature and blade patterning.CONCLUSIONSLandmarks, more reflective of the vasculature, and EFDs, more reflective of the blade contour, describe both similar and distinct features of leaf morphology. Landmarks and EFDs vary in ability to predict species identity and node position in the vine and exhibit a correlational structure (both within landmark or EFD traits and between the two data types) revealing constraints between vascular and blade patterning underlying natural variation in leaf morphology amongPassifloraspecies.
GSuite HyperBrowser: integrative analysis of dataset collections across the genome and epigenome
Authors: Simovski Boris , Vodak Daniel , Gundersen Sveinung , Domanska Diana , Azab Abdulrahman , Holden Lars , Holden Marit , Grytten Ivar , Rand Knut , Drabløs Finn , Johansen Morten , Mora Antonio , Lund-Andersen Christin , Fromm Bastian , Eskeland Ragnhild , Gabrielsen Odd Stokke , Nakken Sigve , Bengtsen Mads , Nederbragt Alexander Johan , Thorarensen Hildur Sif , Akse Johannes Andreas , Glad Ingrid , Hovig Eivind , Sandve Geir Kjetil 
Published: August 2016

AbstractGenome-wide, cell-type-specific profiles are being systematically generated for numerous genomic and epigenomic features. There is, however, no universally applicable analytical methodology for such data. We present GSuite HyperBrowser, the first comprehensive solution for integrative analysis of dataset collections across the genome and epigenome. The GSuite HyperBrowser is an open-source system for streamlined acquisition and customizable statistical analysis of large collections of genome-wide datasets. The system is based on new computational and statistical methodologies that permit comparative and confirmatory analyses across multiple disparate data sources. Expert guidance and reproducibility are facilitated via a Galaxy-based web-interface. The software is available athttps://hyperbrowser.uio.no/gsuite
How to develop emotional attachment amongst patients towards hospitals? A qualitative investigation in the context of emerging Indian market
Authors: Sarkar Abhigyan , Sarkar Juhi Gahlot , Rao K.S. Venu Gopal 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore the antecedents and consequences of hospital brand attachment and associated intervening factors amongst patients and attendants in the context of the emerging Indian market where the hospital industry has a heterogeneous structure consisting of state-owned and private hospitals.

Design/methodology/approach
Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted to collect data. Data were coded using the grounded theory method to explore and validate interrelationships between the constructs that emerged.

Findings
Based on the data analysis, a grounded theory framework has been developed, which recognizes hospital brand attachment as the central construct, and depicts its related antecedents, consequences and intervening or moderating factors.

Originality/value
The study contributes to the existing body of healthcare marketing research by having discovered actionable antecedents of hospital brand attachment that could help healthcare marketers in emerging markets to formulate branding strategies that strengthen the patient–hospital brand attachment relationships. Based on the concepts explored in this qualitative study, it has been put forth that the concept of brand love or brand attachment that is well-researched in the case of general consumer brands is also applicable in the case of hospital brands, without ignoring the specific idiosyncrasies of the hospital industry.
Search engine effectiveness using query classification: a study
Authors: Ali Sabha , Gul Sumeer 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to highlight the retrieval effectiveness of search engines taking into consideration both precision and relative recall.

Design/methodology/approach
– The study is based on search engines that are selected on the basis of Alexa (Actionable Analytics for the web) Rank. Alexa listed top 500 sites, namely, search engines, portals, directories, social networking sites, networking tools, etc. But the scope of study is confined to only general search engines on the basis of language which was confined to English. Therefore only two general search engines are selected for the study . Alexa reports Google.com as the most visited website worldwide and Yahoo.com as the fourth most visited website globally. A total of 15 queries were selected randomly from PG students of Department of Library and Information Science during a period of eight days (from May 8 to May 15, 2014) which are classified manually into navigational, informational and transactional queries. However, queries are largely distributed on the two selected search engines to check their retrieval effectiveness as a training data set in order to define some characteristics of each type. Each query was submitted to the selected search engines which retrieved a large number of results but only the first 30 results were evaluated to limit the study in view of the fact that most of the users usually look up under the first hits of a query.

Findings
– The study estimated the precision and relative recall of Google and Yahoo. Queries using concepts in the field of Library and Information Science were tested and were divided into navigational queries, informational queries and transactional queries. Results of the study showed that the mean precision of Google was high with (1.10) followed by Yahoo with (0.88). While as, mean relative recall of Google was high with (0.68) followed by Yahoo with (0.31), respectively.

Research limitations/implications
– The study highlights the retrieval effectiveness of only two search engines.

Originality/value
– The research work is authentic and does not contain any plagiarized work.