bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and tolerability of switching to long-acting injectable (LAI) aripiprazole in outpatients with schizophrenia
Authors: Fernández-Abascal Puente B. , Juncal Ruiz M. , Landera Rodríguez R. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionSwitching antipsychotics is a therapeutic alternative for managing side-effects, or efficacy and compliance issues.AimTo evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of switching to LAI-aripiprazole in patients who had insufficient response or were intolerant to the previous antipsychotic, or required a more convenient treatment regimen.MethodsThis was a prospective, observational, 6-months study carried out in 45 outpatients with schizophrenia who were clinically stabilized but a switching to another antipsychotic was clinically indicated. Patients who required hospitalization, treatment discontinuation or adding another antipsychotic (including supplementation with oral-aripiprazole) were considered treatment failures. Switching was considered successful if the side-effect/symptom/adherence/convenience improved or, if applicable, disappeared.ResultsPatients aged 38 years, 51% women, and previous antipsychotics comprised: LAI-paliperidone (42%), oral-aripiprazole (22%), oral-olanzapine (11%), oral-risperidone (7%), LAI-risperidone (4%) and others (14%). The efficacy results of the switching are presented in the table. Of the 45 patients, 7 (15%) were considered treatment failures: 3 patients were hospitalized due to recurrence of psychotic symptoms, 2 discontinued LAI-aripiprazole, and 2 required supplementation with oral-aripiprazole (Fig 1).ConclusionsOur results suggest that switching to LAI-aripiprazole is an efficacious strategy for managing some antipsychotic-induced side-effects, persistence of negative symptoms and/or lack of treatment adherence.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Monotherapy treatment with cariprazine for the treatment of predominant negative symptoms of patients with schizophrenia: A double-blind, active comparator-controlled trial
Authors: Németh G. , Debelle M. , Laszlovszky I. , Szalai E. , Szatmári B. , Harsányi J. , Barabássy Á. , Durgam S. , Bitter I. , Galderisi S. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveTo examine the effect of cariprazine, a dopamine D3/D2 receptor partial agonist with preferential binding to D3 receptors, on predominant negative symptoms of schizophrenia.MethodsSubjects with schizophrenia and PANSS factor score for negative symptoms (PANSS-FSNS) ≥ 24 and no pseudospecific factors (e.g. extrapyramidal symptoms, depression) were randomized to cariprazine 4.5 mg/d (dose range: 3-6 mg/d) or risperidone 4 mg/d (dose range: 3-6 mg/d) for 6 months.ResultsFour hundred and sixty-one patients were randomized 1:1 to double-blind risperidone (n = 231) or cariprazine (n = 230) treatment. Change from Baseline (CfB) at week 26 in the primary parameter, PANSS-FSNS, was larger in the cariprazine group than in the risperidone group (LSMD = −1.47; 95% CI: [−2.39, −0.53]; P = 0.002) significant from week 14 onwards. CfB at week 26 in the functional parameter, Personal and Social Performance (PSP) total score, showed similarly greater improvement with cariprazine than risperidone (LSMD = 4.63; 95% CI: [2.71, 6.56]; P < 0.001) significant from week 10 onward. Statistically significant differences in favor of cariprazine at week 26 were shown in the PSP areas of self-care, socially useful activities and personal and social relationships. Most patients tolerated the study treatment well, as reflected by low discontinuation rates due to adverse events (AEs). Adverse event profiles of cariprazine and risperidone were similar. The most common AEs during study treatment were insomnia (10.0%), and headache (10.4%), both in the risperidone group.Conclusion26-week cariprazine treatment, given as antipsychotic monotherapy, was significantly more effective on negative symptoms and on functioning than risperidone in patients with predominant negative symptoms of schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
First-episode psychosis: What does it mean?
Authors: Marques S. , Godinho F. , Melo A.L. , Barrocas D. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionFirst-Episode Psychosis (FEP) is a variable condition, characterized by the emergence of new psychotic features for a period of at least 1 week. The majority of existing studies about FEP only address schizophrenia spectrum psychosis (SSP), which may limit the capacity to fully characterize this entity.Objectives/AimsReport the clinical and socio-demographic characteristics of patients with FEP in real-world setting, and compare the differences among SSP and affective FEP.MethodsRetrospective analysis of clinical files of patients admitted to our hospital unit with FEP diagnosis from January/2012 to April/2015. Clinician-rated dimensions of psychosis symptom severity scales (DSM-5) were applied.ResultsAnnual incidence of FEP was 11,3/100,000. From a total of 755 patients, 57 (7,5%) corresponded to FEP; 38 (66,7%) were diagnosed with SSP, 11 (19,3%) affective psychosis, 3 (5,2%) toxic psychosis and 5 (8,8%) organic psychosis. Most were female (61,4%), with a mean age of 49 years. The majority were unemployed (66,7%), lived with family (57,9%), and presented with moderate-severe delusions (80,1%), but without hallucinations (57,8%), disorganized speech (59,6%) or negative symptoms (85,9%). Affective FEP patients were older (61 vs 45 years), presented with less severe psychotic symptoms (7,2 vs 8,3 points), but with higher hospital admission (26,1 vs 21,1 days).ConclusionsRegardless the growing interest concerning FEP, its conceptualization and characterization remains controversial. Our results differ from pre-existing literature data, especially concerning gender and age. By including all the possible etiologies of FEP, we aimed to obtain a more realistic characterization of this entity in a real-world setting.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Neutrophin signalling in first-episode psychosis: relationship with treatment response 1 year after the illness onset
Authors: Martinez-cengotitabengoa M. , Macdowell K. , Alberich S. , Parellada M. , Saiz P. , Rodriguez R. , Berrocoso E. , Bernardo M. , Gonzalez-pinto A. , Leza J.C. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionPro/antiinflammatory imbalance has been found in first-episode psychotic (FEP) patients, even 12 months later. Current research is every time more focused in the need to find biomarkers to understand the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of this severe illness.ObjectivesTo assess peripherical levels of neurotrophins and their receptors and their correlation with inflammation, clinical symptomatology and response to antipsychotic treatment, over the time.MethodologyNinety-four FEP patients and 80 matched healthy controls were included. Blood samples were taken at baseline to measure BDNF and NGF and their receptor levels (TrkB-full, TrkB-truncated and TrkA) and pro/antiinflammatory parameters (NFkB, COX-2, iNOS, PPARgamma, 15d-PG12). Patients were followed-up during 12 months.ResultsBDNF TrkB-full receptor and NFG TrkA receptor levels increased during the follow-up whereas BDNF TrkB-truncated form receptor decreased. After adjusting for confounding variables, baseline levels of proinflamatory variables were significantly related to TrkB-full/TrkB-truncated ratio (FL/T), suggesting that a higher proinflammatory status is related to a higher FL/T ratio expression. Furthermore, baseline FL/T ratio could have a predictor role of patient's functionality 1 year after the illness onset, depending on whether patient is treated or not with antipsychotic drugs.ConclusionInflammatory processes, neurotrophic pathways and functional status of FEP patients seem to be related which is of great traslational relevance. Specific, the expression of the 2 isoforms of BDNF receptor should be taken into account before starting an antipsychotic drug treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Quality of Life Assessment in schizophrenia - development of a short version of the QLiS
Authors: Franz M. , Senin T. , Meyer T. 
Published: May 2016

The QLiS (Quality of Life in Schizophrenia) is a disease-specific questionnaire with high content validity and sound psychometric properties. It comprises 54 items related to 12 subscales. However, its use in surveys or clinical studies is limited due to its length. Our aim was to develop and validate a short form of the QLiS.Four steps were taken to develop the short form (QLiS-SF) using samples from the Clinical Analysis of the Treatment of Schizophrenia study. 1. A model with second order scales was developed using exploratory factor analysis. 2. The resulting model was tested in an independent sample using confirmative factor analysis (CFA). 3. Based on this model, items were selected on grounds of distributional properties, content reviews, and item loadings. 4. The resulting short form was validated independently through CFA.ResultsThree second order scales were constructed: illness-related quality of life, social life, and global subjective well-being. CFA of the new theoretical model resulted in a CFI of 0.67 and absolute fit indices of CMIN/df = 2.55, RMSEA = 0.08, SRMR = 0.09. We selected 13 items that showed good statistical properties and good fit of content to subscale. Fit of the underlying theoretical model with the 13 items was satisfactory (CFI = 0.95, CMIN/df = 2.23, RMSEA = 0.06, SRMR = 0.04). Composite reliability scores for the three subscales were above 0.70.The QLiS-SF showed adequate model fit and reliability. It offers a novel, well-founded opportunity to assess quality of life in persons with schizophrenia in situations in which the application of the long version is not considered possible.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The relationship between childhood trauma and theory of mind in schizophrenia
Authors: Mrizak J. , Trabelsi R. , Arous A. , Aissa A. , Ben Ammar H. , El Hechmi Z. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionA history of childhood trauma is reportedly more prevalent in people suffering from psychosis than in the general population. Previous studies linked childhood trauma (CT) to neurocognitive impairments in schizophrenia (SCZ), but rarely to theory of mind (TOM) deficits.ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between TOM deficits and CT in SCZ.MethodsFifty-eight outpatients with stable SCZ completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire retrospectively assessing five types of childhood trauma (emotional, physical and sexual abuse, and emotional and physical neglect). They also completed an intention-inferencing task, in which the ability to infer a character's intentions from information in a short story is assessed.ResultsOur results suggest a relationship between specific kinds of CT and TOM deficits. A history of childhood physical neglect was significantly correlated to a worse performance in the intention-inferencing task (P = 0,001). Patients with higher scores of CT denial also had less correct answers (P = 0,035) and more false answers (P = 0,013).ConclusionsOur results need replication but underline the necessity of investigating psychosocial mechanisms underlying the development of social cognition deficits, including deficits in TOM.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Self-criticism and self-compassion role in the occurrence of insomnia on college students
Authors: Teixeira I. , Simões S. , Marques M. , Espírito-Santo H. , Lemos L. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionTo our knowledge there are no research about the influence of self-criticism and self-compassion in the occurrence of insomnia.ObjectivesTo study the association between self-criticism, self-compassion and insomnia on university students; to explore differences in these associations on two moments of student's lives–examination and no examination period.AimsWe anticipate that the stress and pressure of the examination period have an impact on student's sleep and there are, also, differences by age and gender.MethodSelf-Criticism and Self-Reassurance Scale, Self-Compassion Scale, Pre-Activation Sleep Scale, Insomnia Assessment Scale and Anxiety and Depression and Stress Scales were answered by 160 college students (M = 26.45, SD = 7.98; range = 19–54 years) during an examination period and by 108 college students during a no examination period (M = 26.34; SD = 0.43; range = 19–54 years).ResultsIn both periods (examination and no examination period) older students (30–54 years) tended to be more self-compassionate and tolerant, such as less self-critical and punitive. During the examination period, younger students (19–29 years) showed higher levels of self-criticism, cognitive, and somatic activation before falling asleep. There was also a higher proportion of younger students in the insomniac and insomnia symptomatic groups. Moreover, significant correlations were found between cognitive and somatic activation and depression, anxiety, and stress in both moments.ConclusionsIn the examination period, the youngest students are more critical and less compassionate, what might lead to greater cognitive and somatic activation before sleep and, consequently, to insomnia symptoms and insomnia itself.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Spousal abuse in married women with suicidal attempt in Shiraz, Iran
Authors: Sahraian A. , Bahreini S. , Mani A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionEpidemiological studies revealed that 21 to 34 percent of women around the world have been victim of physical assault by their spouse and spouse abuse have been more prevalent in developing countries.ObjectivesThe most common form of violence against women is spousal abuse which is a dangerous factor and leads to serious psychological damages while it is one of the most important causes of suicide in married women.AimsThe study of factors related to spousal abuse in the population where they attempt to suicide is important for recognizing it and preventing spousal abuse, consequently, preventing suicide.MethodsThe study was conducted cross-sectional on 360 married women who attempted suicide and referred to Shoshtari Hospital in Shiraz. Instruments for data collection comprised of about spousal abuse questionnaire and demographic cases questionnaire which were filled through interview.ResultsA total of 43.9% of domestic violence prevalence, 61.7% of economic violence, 45.3% of psychological violence, 38.1% of social violence, 38.1% physical violence, 35.9% of sexual violence was reported. There was a relation between spousal abuse and some factors such as: age difference between spouses, wife and husband's education, husband's substance abuse, husband's medical illness, wife's psychiatry disorder, spouses’ obligatory marriage, polygamy and husband's job.ConclusionsConsidering relatively high prevalence of spousal abuse in people who attempted suicide and the relation between some demographic factors with violence, besides regarding spousal abuse as one causes of suicide, the women's screening, particularly those who attempt suicide in regard to spousal abuse and its related factors seems necessary.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Therapist-guided internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy for adult obsessive-compulsive disorder: A meta-analysis
Authors: Pozza A. , Andersson G. , Dèttore D. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionCognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is the first-line psychological treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, most individuals suffering from OCD do not receive CBT. An innovative approach to improve access to evidence-based care is the use of the Internet to deliver effective treatments. Therapist-guided Internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy (iCBT) involves the administration of structured online lessons that provide the same information and skills typically taught in clinician-administered CBT, often with email support from a therapist. Accumulating evidence on iCBT for OCD has been produced, but a meta-analysis has not been conducted.ObjectivesThrough meta-analytic methods, the present study summarized evidence on iCBT for OCD.AimsEfficacy on OCD symptoms and comorbid depression versus control conditions at post-treatment and follow-up was evaluated.MethodsA PRISMA meta-analysis was performed on randomized controlled trials. Treatments were classified as iCBT if they included CBT components for OCD (eg, exposure and response prevention) delivered through the Internet with or without email/phone support from a therapist.ResultsFour trials were included (n = 238), which were classified at low bias risk. At post-treatment iCBT outperformed control conditions with a high effect size on OCD symptoms (d = 0.85, P<.05) and a medium on comorbid depression (d = 0.52, P<.05). Treatment effects were stable at 4-month follow-up with a high effect size on OCD (d = 1.45, P<.05), but not on comorbid depression (d = 0.33, P<.05).ConclusionsiCBT seems a promising treatment modality for OCD. Further trials should assess log-term outcomes and effects on quality of life.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
DECIDE study: Effectiveness of shared decision making in treatment planning at discharge of inpatient with schizophrenia: Half sample interim analysis, preliminary conclusions
Authors: Pérez Revuelta J. , Lara Ruiz-Granados I. , Gonzalez Saiz F. , Pascual Paño J.M. , VIllagran Moreno J.M. 
Published: May 2016

DECIDE StudyEffectiveness of shared decision making in treatment planning at discharge of inpatient with schizophrenia: interim analysis.IntroductionShared decision-making denotes a structured process that encourages full participation by patient and provider in making complex medical decisions. Hamann et al. conducted a few years ago a randomized controlled trial with schizophrenic inpatients and found increased knowledge and perceived involvement in decisions about antipsychotic treatment at discharge by the experimental group, but not clear beneficial effects on long term outcomes. The present communication introduces the DECIDE study.Aims and objectivesOf the study: to demonstrate the effectiveness, measured as treatment adherence and readmissions at 3, 6 and 12 months, of shared decision making in the choice of antipsychotic treatment at discharge in a simple of schizophrenics hospitalized after an acute episode of their disorder. Of the oral presentation: to present preliminary conclusions with more of the half of the sample.MethodsRandomized controlled trial, prospective, two parallel groups, not masked, comparing two interventions (shared decision making and treatment as usual). Study population: inpatients diagnosed of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders (ICD-10/DSM-IV-R: F20 y F25) at Adult Acute Hospitalization Unit at Jerez General Hospital.ResultsAt discharge, increased scale score COMRADE, both subscales (Satisfacción in communication and trust in the decision) statistically significant. At 3 months follow-up, intensification of these differences in effect size and statistical significance and shows trends in health outcomes. We will present results for 6 and 12 months.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Gender differences in benzodiazepines prescription in old age patients
Authors: Martinez-Cengotitabengoa M. , Besga A. , Bermudez-Ampudia C. , Garcia-Alocen A. , Gonzalez-Ortega I. , Lopez M.P. , Diaz M.J. , Chicote N. , Enriquez J. , Abrain A. , Olles R. , Esnal S. , Salem H. , Cuesta E. , Duenas M. , Gonzalez-Pinto A. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectivesTo assess the prescription of benzodiazepines (BZD) in elderly patients, and to explore any gender differences.MethodsSix hundred and fifty-four patients (≥ 65) admitted in an emergency service of a general hospital due to a fall. BZD use information was collected (dose, half-life profile).ResultsBZD are significantly more prescribed to women (47.6%) than men (36.1%) (X2 = 8.097, P = 0.004). We conducted a logistic regression analysis using as dependent variable taking or not BZD and sex as the independent one, covariating the model by age. We noted that sex remains significant despite enter the age variable in the model (OR = 1.5, P = 0.013). A total of 21.6% of patients consumed intermediate or long half-life BZDs, appearing a greater tendency to prescribe such BZD to women (X2 = 3.606, P = 0.058). In the 58.0% of prescriptions, prescribed dose was higher than the recommended for the elderly. The percentage is significantly higher for men (70.0%) than women (53.1%). Furthermore, a total of 54 prescriptions (15.8%) were even higher than the recommended adult dose, with no significant differences between men and women.ConclusionsWe found evidence of a higher prescription of BZD in women independently of age. Despite not being recommended, prescription of intermediate or long half-life BZD continues, in a slightly higher manner in women. BZD are prescribed above the recommended dose for elderly in a large number of patients, especially in men. A considerable proportion of elderly patients (15.8%) consume BZD doses even higher than the recommended for adults.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Evaluation of suicide risk in psychiatric patients after discharge. A follow-up study
Authors: Giordano G. , Federica R. , Denise E. , Monica M. , Marco I. , Maurizio P. 
Published: May 2016

RésuméIntroductionSeveral studies show that the first period after discharge has an higher suicide risk.ObjectivesFollowing up psychiatric inpatients after discharge may be important in order to better understand the risk and the protective factors of suicide.AimThe aim of our follow-up study is to evaluate the predictive factors of suicide in a sample of psychiatric inpatients after discharge.MethodsWe analyzed the temperament and the levels of hopelessness, depression, suicide risk in a sample of 87 (54% males) inpatients at time T0 (during the hospitalization), T1 (12 months after discharge) and T2 (8 months after T1). We administered the following scales: BHS, MINI, TEMPS, GMDS, CGI.ResultsA statistically significant difference on the risk of suicide with substance abuse was found among patients who were followed up and who refused to participate, respectively at T1 (χ24 = 2.61; P < 0.05) and T2 (χ24 = 1.57; P = 0.05). At T1, 4 patients attempted suicide and 18 showed suicidal ideation. In the second follow-up, 1 patient successful committed suicide, 1 subject attempted suicide and 10 patients showed suicidal ideation. Patients with suicidal ideation at T1 showed higher levels of hopelessness and a diagnosis of bipolar disorder type I (χ24 = 10.28; P = 0.05). Sixty-seven percent of subjects with suicidal ideation showed higher scores in the BHS at T1. Significant differences were found on the anxious temperament at T2 between two groups.ConclusionsThe follow-up could represent a significant strategy to prevent suicide in psychiatric patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.