bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of catastrophic floods in shaping the morphology of river beds in small mountain catchment areas
Authors: Franczak Paweł 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMountain streams are subjected to the continuous reshaping of their river beds during floods, with the greatest changes occurring during extreme floods caused by sudden and heavy rainfall. River bed transformations during these flash floods are more severe in forested areas, where wooden logs carried by swollen streams are more likely to be deposited on the ground, which in turn leads to the greater accumulation of other transported material and debris.The study was conducted in the Rybny Potok catchment area (Babia Góra National Park). An extreme flash flood occurred on 15–16 May 2014 because of heavy rainfall, which, on 15 May amounted to 138 mm. The total amount of precipitation in the catchment area was 216.5 mm in three days. This resulted in sudden and full streams in spate, contributing to significant geomorphological transformations reaching all the way to the bottom of the river beds. During the flash flood, already established river beds and streams increased in size and many new river courses were formed.
Genetic variability and health of Norway spruce stands in the Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Krosno
Authors: Gutkowska Justyna , Borys Małgorzata , Tereba Anna , Tkaczyk Miłosz , Oszako Tomasz , Nowakowska Justyna Anna 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The study was conducted in 2015 in six spruce stands situated in different forest districts administratively belonging to the Regional Directorate of State Forests in Krosno. Each spruce population was represented by 30 trees and assessed in terms of their current health status. Genetic analyses were performed on shoot samples from each tree using nine nuclear DNA markers and one mitochondrial DNA marker (nad1). The health status of the trees was described according to the classification developed by Szczepkowski and Tarasiuk (2005) and the correlation between health classes and the level of genetic variability was computed with STATISTICA (α = 0.05).
Nuclear DNA analyses revealed a low level of genetic variability among spruce populations (only 3% of the total genetic variation (F
ST = 0.028) and a high variability within populations (97%). The total heterozygosity in all stands (H
T) was calculated as 0.646. Based on UPGMA analysis, the most genetically similar populations are spruce stands in the Bieszczady National Park and the Ustrzyki Dolne Forest District, which have the smallest genetic divergence of all populations (D
N = 0.0165).
Our analysis of the mitochondrial gene nad1 revealed the presence of six different haplotypes ‘a’, ‘a1’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’ and ‘d1’. Comprising 56% of all haplotypes, ‘a’ was the most common showing a predominant impact on spruce migration from the Carpathian area. The analysis based on mitochondrial markers (by Nei) revealed a heterozygosity of 0.525.
Based on the observations of disease symptoms, 29% of the trees belong to health class 1, 30% to class 2, 28% to class 3 and class 4 contains 13% of trees. The comparison between health status and the level of genetic variation in the analysed stands showed a positive correlation. Spruce stands with better health were also characterised by a greater degree of genetic variability.
Since most of the investigated spruce populations shared the mitochondrial haplotype ‘a’, we have ascertained their Hercynian–Carpathian origin. Only one stand (Cisna) had a high frequency (43.3%) of the Nordic haplotype ‘c’ suggesting that this provenance is derived from the Baltic post-glacial refugium of P. abies in europe.
The twinflower in the Augustów Forest: occurrence, condition and threats
Authors: Zawadzka Dorota , Zawadzki Grzegorz , Bednarek Jerzy , Bednarek Joanna B. , Piechowska Dorota , Mikitiuk Artur 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe twinflowerLinnaea borealisL. is a rare, boreal plant species that grows in coniferous forests and is partly protected in Poland. We studied its distribution and the condition in the Augustów Forest (NE Poland) describing 22 twinflower patches in total. The following features were assessed: (1) patch area, (2) distance between individual twinflowers, (3) patch density, (4) intensity of flowering, (5) fruiting, (6) main accompanying plant species, (7) plant community structure, (8) species composition and age of the forest stands, (9) canopy cover of the forest stands, (10) existing and potential threats. In the northern part of the forest where suitable pine sites dominated, twinflowers were distributed irregularly and unevenly. Twinflowers in the Augustów Forest occur in relatively big areas with individual patches covering from 100 m2to 3000 m2, but most commonly 500–1000 m2. The mean distance to the nearest neighbouring twinflower was 1600 m (range from 250 m to 6035 m). This pattern of distribution and separating distance does allow for sexual reproduction within the studied forest stand and blooming was confirmed in 21 out of 22 patches. In four locations, intensive blooming with >50 flowers shoot/m2was observed. We did not observe a dependency of the flowering intensity on patch size.Despite the intensive and frequent flowering, as well as the presence of fruits, which were found in 15 patches, the twinflower reproduces mainly vegetatively. Twinflowers grew in 34–166 years-old pine-spruce stands with moderate canopy cover, but there was no relationship between the age of forest stands and the size of a flower patch. Plant species, which commonly occurred with twinflowers were:Vaccinium myrtillus,Calamagrostis arundinacea,Goodyera repens,Rubus saxatilis, Fragaria vesca, Pleurosium schreberi.Twinflower communities are threatened by invasive species in the forest understory in two locations only, while in the other locations no active protection is needed and the plants should rather be protected and monitored through multifunctional forest management. We emphasise the importance of the Augustów Forest for the twinflower in Poland, because about 10% of the Polish population grows in this forest complex.
Should the whole Białowieża Forest be a national park?
Authors: Zientarski Jacek , Szmyt Janusz 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In Poland, the stormy discussion on the future of the Białowieża Forest has been ongoing already for a long time. The disputes are mostly focused on seeking answers to two questions: how to protect these unique forest ecosystems and whether forest management threatens their naturalness. The discussion has grown stronger after the recent, enormous outbreak of Ips ypographus in the Forest.
The Białowieża Forest has been managed for years with no significant negative effect. However, antagonists of foresters blame forest management for degradation of the Forest’s ecosystems, which is caused by favoring the economic value of timber expected to be harvested in keeping with the management plans of 3 forest districts located in the Białowieża Forest. At any rate, such assumption, has nothing to do with reality. During this discussion the idea to extend the national park for all the Białowieża Forest revived.
In this paper, we reviewed the economic, social and ecological dimensions which should be taken into consideration before making a decision on extending the Białowieża National Park. It should be underlined that the Park’s area is already under the strict protection; furthermore, 2/3 of the area of neighboring managed forests are under legal protection (the nature reserves, NATURA 2000, the so-called reference forests, etc.). All things considered, we cannot find any reasonable purpose (ecological, financial or social) for expanding the Park’s area from 10 500 ha (present status) to 62 500 ha (after extension). Also, we are convinced that sustainable forest management conducted in managed parts of the Białowieża Forest, which comprises the fulfillment of all forest functions and services, should not be perceived as a signifcant threat to naturalness of the Forest’s ecosystems.
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR STRONG REDUCTION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSION IN LIME AND CEMENT MANUFACTURE
Authors: Villachica Carlos A. , Villachica Joyce G. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The cement and lime industries are responsible for 8% of global CO2 emissions [1]. 35% of this CO2 share comes from fuel combustion to heat and decompose limestone to produce lime or “clinker” in an open atmosphere while the remaining 65% comes from limestone rock itself. Due to the new technology, high grades of both lime and CO2 were obtained faster and at much lower than conventional temperatures and CO2 was fully captured and utilized when using an HEVA reactor for limestone calcination. Clinker, a precursor of cement, was partly obtained at lower temperature when starting from HEVA lime and fine quartz after mechanochemical pretreatment.
NEW POSSIBILITIES OF CALCULATING THE VOLUMES OF EXTRACTED MASSES IN THE SURFACE MINING OF BROWN COAL
Authors: Vrublová Dana , Kapica Roman , Gibesová Beáta , Mudruňka Jaroslav 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The companies engaged in brown coal mining are looking for ways of managing the mining process as efficiently as possible. The principal mining technology used for brown coal mining in our country, but also in Germany and Poland, are wheel excavators. The evolving GNSS technology has enabled designing and realisation of systems for determining the spatial position of the excavator wheel. The visualisation of the wheel's spatial position and tracking of its real-time motion is performed in the Czech Republic by the program Mine Model developed by the company KVASoftware. One of the most important tasks of mine surveyors is the calculation of the volumes of the extracted masses. The described system performs this task in real-time. This article describes an application that is used to automate volume calculations.
SUPPLY CHAINS OF MINERAL RAW MATERIALS AND MONTANISTIC TOURISM
Authors: Schejbal Ctirad 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Supply chains in the mineral raw material industry take different forms depending on requirements, the placement of resources and points of consumption, and the nature of geological, morphological and botanical landscape type. Hitherto, in the context of montanistic tourism, the attention is paid primarily to the objects associated with the exploration and exploitation of mineral resources. Professionally and touristically, processes of transport of mineral raw materials and products of their processing can be interesting. Therefore, during the selection, development and implementation of montanistic tourism products, it will be useful to focus on these parts of a supply chain, especially if they are implemented in areas with high levels of geodiversity and biodiversity.
Nationalism and African Communal Identity in Marguerite Abouet’s and Clement Oubrerie’s Aya de Yopougon
Authors: Ajah Richard Oko 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Nationalism has become a contested construct because scholars doubt its ideological authenticity and global migratory consciousness, which promotes transcultural / transnational identity, and problematizes its raison d’être. Though Abouet and Oubrerie’s graphic novel could be read as a portrayal of the emerging urban center and its postmodern identities, this study rather investigates how Aya de Yopougon galvanizes juvenile nationalistic consciousness through age-long African communal identity. Using the postcolonial theory, the paper argues that the epistemology of nationalism, as a forerunner of nationhood, has been inherently encapsulated in African communal identity as manifested in the lives of middle-class dwellers of Yopougon, a suburb of Abidjan. It further deconstructs the symbolic Eurocentric paradigms of nationalism because nationalistic consciousness is located in the African definition of “family” and “community” revealed in the setting of Yopougon which contrasts with other spaces that bear the emblem of nationhood in the novel. Yopougon is not Anderson’s “imagined community”; its inhabitants reflect African communal identity that is located in gender complementarities and civic interdependence. The paper concludes that communalism could be an African brand of modern nationalism, used to develop the nationalistic and communalistic consciousness of the Ivorian youths who are faced with crude realities of a postcolonial society.
Investigating the Relationship Between Big Five Personality Traits and Cultural Intelligence on Football Coaches
Authors: Devin Hassan Fahim 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In this descriptive – correlative study we examined the relationship between big five personality traits with cultural intelligence in 113 active soccer coaches in the city of Mashhad in north-eastern of Iran. Anget. al (2004) cultural intelligence (CI) and Costa & McCrae (1992) Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI questionnaires were used to obtain coaches’ rate of cultural intelligence and personality traits. The results of the study revealed a significant positive relationship between personality traits (except for neuroticism) with Cultural intelligence. A significant reverse relationship was observed between neuroticism and Cultural intelligence. A significant difference was observed between coaches with A and B coaching degree, in comparison with C and D coaching degree in terms of cultural intelligence. No significant difference was observed between these two groups regarding personality traits. Our results show that some of the personality characteristics are crucial and related to a capability to function effectively in diverse settings.
Evolution of Voids in Mg/Al Diffusion Bonding Process
Authors: Long Luping , Liu Wensheng , Ma Yunzhu , Wu Lei , Tang Siwei 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe closure process of voids was very crucial for diffusion bonding, voids behaviors in Mg/Al bonding process were investigated, and the control mechanisms of diffusion at different predominant process parameters were discussed in this paper. Finite element simulation was utilized to investigate the influence of thermal residual stresses on the appearance of secondary voids. The results showed that: the dominant mechanism of void closure was plastic deformation in the initial stage of Mg/Al diffusion bonding. Numerical results indicated that secondary voids could be easily generated in the regions where tensile residual stress gradient achieves the maximum, corresponding to area that Al3Mg2 layer at the nearby Al/Al3Mg2 interface, the segregation of voids deteriorated the performances of the bonded joints.
Care of the S: Dynamics of the mind between social conflicts and the dialogicality of the self
Authors: Madzia Roman 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The paper deals predominantly with the theory of moral reconstruction in George H. Mead’s thinking. It also points out certain underdeveloped aspects of Mead’s social-psychological theory of the self and his moral philosophy, and attempts to develop them. Since Mead’s ideas concerning ethics and moral philosophy are anchored in his social psychology, the paper begins with a description of his theory and underlines some problematic areas and tries to solve them. The most important of these, as the author argues, is the hypothesis that social conflicts should be seen as the root of reflective, discursive thinking. Unlike some of his contemporaries (such as Vygotsky), Mead failed to appreciate this aspect of the genesis of the dynamics of the self.
Macroscopic Model for Momentum Transport in Down-Flow Fluidization
Authors: Benítez-Olivares Guillermo , Valdés-Parada Francisco J. , Alicia Meraz-Rodríguez Mónica , Soria-López Alberto 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Down-flow fluidization is an attractive unit operation because it allows having a smooth circulation of the fluid and the solid support material as well as an uninterrupted and controlled operation of the fluid. In addition, since the solid support material is less dense than the fluid, the pump energy consumption required for bed expansion is smaller in comparison with upward fluidization. Momentum transport in fluidized beds is usually modeled by macroscopic models, which are expressed in terms of effective-medium coefficients, by making analogies with transport in porous media. In practice, it is desirable to derive these models and to predict the involved coefficients in a reliable manner. For this reason, in this work we derive a macroscopic model for the hydrodynamics of down-flow fluidization, using the method of volume averaging obtaining a model with the form of Darcy’s law with a correction in the relative velocity of the fluid to the solid. A salient feature of the model is that it allows predicting the apparent permeability coefficient in different geometries, and under different transport conditions. Also, the average model obtained can be used for both types of fluidization, because it is not restricted by the flow direction.
Effects of Classical Background Music on Stress, Anxiety, and Knowledge of Filipino Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Authors: Evangelista Kevin , Macabasag Romeo Luis A. , Capili Brylle , Castro Timothy , Danque Marilee , Evangelista Hanzel , Rivero Jenica Ana , Gonong Michell Katrina , Diño Michael Joseph , Cajayon Sharon 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPrevious work on the use of background music suggests conflicting results in various psychological, behavioral, and educational measures. This quasi-experiment examined the effect of integrating classical background music during a lecture on stress, anxiety, and knowledge. A total of 42 nursing students participated this study. We utilized independent sample t-test and multivariate analysis of variance to examine the effect of classical background music. Our findings suggest that the presence or absence of classical background music do not affect stress, anxiety, and knowledge scores (Λ = 0.999 F(3, 78) = 0.029, p = 0.993). We provided literature to explain the non-significant result. Although classical music failed to establish a significant influence on the dependent variables, classical background music during lecture hours can be considered a non-threatening stimulus. We recommend follow up studies regarding the role of classical background music in regulating attention control of nursing students during lecture hours.
Influence of the Random System Parameters on the Nonlinear Dynamic Characteristics of Gear Transmission System
Authors: Wang Jingyue , Wang Haotian , Wang Huan , Guo Lixin 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In order to analyze the influence of the random parameters of the system on the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the gear transmission system, considering the random perturbation of damping ratio, gear backlash, meshing frequency, meshing stiffness and the low frequency excitation caused by torque fluctuation, the random vibration equations of three-degree-of-freedom gear transmission system are established according to the Newton’s law. The motion differential equations are solved by the Runge–Kutta method. The effects of different random parameters such as load ratio, tooth frequency ratio, damping ratio, gear backlash and meshing stiffness on the dynamic response of the gear transmission system are analyzed in light and heavy loads and low and high speeds.
Self-Aeration Modelling Using a Sub-Grid Volume-Of-Fluid Model
Authors: Lopes Pedro , Leandro Jorge , Carvalho Rita F. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The accurate prediction of self-aerated flow is not always easy to obtain, particularly if the computational performance is the main concern. Two-fluid formulation is suitable to simulate the dispersed air in a continuous water phase (e.g. bubbly flows) in a fine mesh, whereas the interface tracking methods are used for sharp interfaces with two continuous and contiguous phases (e.g. free-surface flows). Several approaches have emerged to combine both methods; however all found a gap in the transition between resolved and unresolved scales of air at the interface. Including a source term that predicts the self-aeration process is viewed as a promising step to overcome such difficulty. In this work, we added to the volume-of-fluid formulation an extra advection-diffusion equation connected to a source of air at the free surface to simulate the dispersed bubble phase. One-way coupling and two-way coupling versions of this model are tested along with sensitivity tests to show the accuracy of the new source term that does not require calibration. The location of the aeration is analysed and investigated. Results are obtained in terms of free-surface flow depths, air–concentration profiles and velocity fields and compared to experimental data acquired in a scaled stepped spillway model with good agreement. The free-surface given by the air-entrainment model is in good agreement in both non-aerated and aerated zone of the spillway.
Effect of the addition of mixture of plant components on the mechanical properties of wheat bread
Authors: Wójcik Monika , Dziki Dariusz , Biernacka Beata , Różyło Renata , Miś Antoni , Hassoon Waleed H. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Instrumental methods of measuring the mechanical properties of bread can be used to determine changes in the properties of it during storage, as well as to determine the effect of various additives on the bread texture. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the mixture of plant components on the physical properties of wheat bread. In particular, the mechanical properties of the crumb and crust were studied. A sensory evaluation of the end product was also performed. The mixture of plant components included: carob fiber, milled grain red quinoa and black oat (1:2:2) – added at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 % – into wheat flour. The results showed that the increase of the addition of the proposed additive significantly increased the water absorption of flour mixtures. Moreover, the use of the mixture of plant components above 5% resulted in the increase of bread volume and decrease of crumb density. Furthermore, the addition of the mixture of plant components significantly affected the mechanical properties of bread crumb. The hardness of crumb also decreased as a result of the mixture of plant components addition. The highest cohesiveness was obtained for bread with 10% of additive and the lowest for bread with 25% of mixture of plant components. Most importantly, the enrichment of wheat flour with the mixture of plant components significantly reduced the crust failure force and crust failure work. The results of sensory evaluation showed that the addition of the mixture of plant components of up to 10% had little effect on bread quality.
« Textes flottants » : l’exemple d’Abū Šāma. Une écriture de l’histoire dans le Proche-Orient aux VIIe–IXe/XIIIe–XVe siècles
Authors: Roiland Muriel , Sublet Jacqueline 
Published: November 2017

Abstract:Abū Šāma lived as an historian and a biographer in 7th/13th-century Damascus. Although he took care to transmit a fair copy (