bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergency department evaluation and 30-day readmission after craniotomy for primary brain tumor resection in New York State
Authors: Missios Symeon , Bekelis Kimon 
Published: January 2017

OBJECTIVEFragmentation of care has been recognized as a major contributor to 30-day readmissions after surgical procedures. The authors investigated the association of evaluation in the hospital where the original procedure was performed with the rate of 30-day readmissions for patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) after craniotomy for primary brain tumor resection.METHODSA cohort study was conducted, involving patients who were evaluated in the ED within 30 days after discharge following a craniotomy for primary brain tumor resection between 2009 and 2013, and who were registered in the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) database of New York State. A propensity score–adjusted model was used to control for confounding, whereas a mixed-effects model accounted for clustering at the hospital level.RESULTSOf the 610 patients presenting to the ED, 422 (69.2%) were evaluated in a hospital different from the one where the original procedure was performed (28.9% were readmitted), and 188 (30.8%) were evaluated at the original hospital (20.3% were readmitted). In a multivariable analysis, the authors demonstrated that being evaluated in the ED of the original hospital was associated with a decreased rate of 30-day readmission (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.41–0.98). Similar associations were found in a mixed-effects logistic regression model (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.40–0.96) and a propensity score–adjusted model (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.41–0.98). This corresponds to one less readmission per 12 patients evaluated in the hospital where the original procedure was performed.CONCLUSIONSUsing a comprehensive all-payer cohort of patients in New York State who were evaluated in the ED after craniotomy for primary brain tumor resection, the authors identified an association of assessment in the hospital where the original procedure was performed with a lower rate of 30-day readmissions. This underscores the potential importance of continuity of care in readmission prevention for these patients.
Midterm results of T-stent–assisted coiling of wide-necked and complex intracranial bifurcation aneurysms using low-profile stents
Authors: Aydin Kubilay , Sencer Serra , Barburoglu Mehmet , Berdikhojayev Mynzhylky , Aras Yavuz , Sencer Altay , İzgi Nail 
Published: January 2017

OBJECTIVECoiling of wide-necked and complex bifurcation aneurysms frequently requires implantation of double stents in various configurations. T-stent–assisted coiling involves the nonoverlapping implantation of 2 stents to protect the daughter vessels of bifurcation and is followed by coiling of the aneurysm. The authors studied the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of the T-stent–assisted coiling procedure as well as the midterm angiographic/clinical outcomes of patients with wide-necked bifurcation intracranial aneurysms treated using this technique.METHODSThe authors retrospectively identified patients with wide-necked bifurcation intracranial aneurysms treated using double-stent–assisted coiling with a T-stent configuration.RESULTSTwenty-four patients with 24 aneurysms and a mean of age of 51.91 years were identified. The most common locations were the middle cerebral bifurcation (45.8%) and anterior communicating artery (35.7%). T stentings were performed using low-profile stents. The procedures were performed with a technical success rate of 95.8%, and an immediate total occlusion rate of 79.2% was achieved. We observed periprocedural complications in 16.7% of cases and a delayed thromboembolic event in 4.2%. The complications caused permanent morbidity in 1 patient (4.2%). No deaths occurred. The mean angiographic follow-up duration was 9.3 months. The total occlusion rate at the last follow-up was 81.2%. The recanalization rate was 4.5%. Modified Rankin Scale scores of all patients at the last follow-ups were between zero and 2.CONCLUSIONST-stent–assisted coiling using low-profile stents is a feasible, effective, and relatively safe endovascular technique used to treat wide-necked and complex intracranial aneurysms. The midterm angiographic and clinical outcomes are outstanding.
Death of Dementia Patients in Psychiatric Hospitals and Regional Supply of Psychiatric Services: Study of the National Data from 1996 to 2014 in Japan
Authors: Nakanishi Miharu , Niimura Junko , Yamasaki Syudo , Nishida Atsushi 
Published: January 2017

Background: Japan designates psychiatric inpatient care for behavior management of individuals with dementia and for helping dementia patients discharge to home. However, there has been no examination of the effectiveness of this strategy. Objective: The present study investigated the association between dementia and the discharge destination of patients in psychiatric hospitals. Methods: Data from the National Patient Survey, which is a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of inpatient care, were used. The 96,420 patients with dementia or other mental illness who were discharged from psychiatric hospitals in September of every 3 years from 1996 to 2014 were included in analyses. Results: Of the 96,420 discharged patients, 13,823 had dementia as the primary disease. Of the 13,823 dementia patients, 3,865 (28.0%) were discharged to home, 3,870 (28.0%) were admitted to a facility or other care settings, 3,574 (25.9%) were admitted to another hospital, and 2,514 (18.2%) died. Patients were more likely to die in psychiatric hospital if their primary disease was dementia, and they had resided in a region that provided fewer home visits for psychiatric nursing care or had available a larger number of psychiatric hospital beds per capita. Conclusion: Psychiatric inpatient care may be ineffective as a treatment for the challenging behaviors of dementia. A community mental health system for behavior management should be constructed in parallel with a reduction in the number of hospital beds allotted for psychiatric care.
Whole body vibration (WBV) following spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats: Timing of intervention
Authors: Manthou Marilena , Abdulla Diana Saad Yousif , Pavlov Stoyan Pavlov , Jansen Ramona , Bendella Habib , Nohroudi Klaus , Stein Gregor , Meyer Carolin , Ozsoy Ozlem , Ozsoy Umut , Behram Kandemir Yasemin , Sarikcioglu Levent , Semler Oliver , Schoenau Eckhard , Dunlop Sarah , Angelov Doychin Nikolov 
Published: January 2017

Background: Following spinal cord injury (SCI), exercise training provides a wide range of benefits and promotes activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. Whole body vibration (WBV) in SCI patients improves walking and spasticity as well as bone and muscle mass. However, little is known about the effects of timing or frequency of intervention. Objective: To determine which WBV-onset improves locomotor and bladder functions and influences synaptic plasticity beneficially. Methods: SCI was followed by WBV starting 1, 7, 14, 28 days after injury (WBV1, WBV7, etc.) and continued for 12 weeks. Intact animals and those receiving SCI but no WBV (No WBV), SCI plus WBV twice daily (2×WBV) and SCI followed by passive hindlimb flexion-extension (PFE) served as controls. Locomotor [BBB rating, foot stepping angle (FSA) and rump-height index (RHI)] as well as bladder function were determined at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks. Following perfusion fixation at 12 weeks, lesion volume and immunofluorescence for astrogliosis (GFAP), microglia (IBA1) and synaptic vesicles (synaptophysin, SYN) were determined. Results: Compared to the No WBV group, the WB7 and WBV14 groups showed significantly faster speeds of BBB score recovery though this effect was temporary. Considering RHI we detected a sustained improvement in the WBV14 and PFE groups. Bladder function was better in the WBV14, WBV28, 2×WBV and PFE groups. Synaptophysin levels improved in response to WBV7 and WBV14, but worsened after WBV28 in parallel to an increased IBA1 expression. Correlation- and principal components analysis revealed complex relationships between behavioural (BBB, FSA, RHI) and morphological (GFAP, IBA1, SYN) measurements. Conclusions: WBV started 14 days after SCI provides the most benefit (RHI, bladder); starting at 1day after SCI provides no benefit and starting at 28 days may be detrimental. Increasing the intensity of WBV to twice daily did not provide additional benefit.
Bupivacaine increases the rate of motoneuron death following peripheral nerve injury
Authors: Byram Susanna C. , Byram Scott W. , Miller Nicholas M. , Fargo Keith N. 
Published: January 2017

Background: Appropriate management of pain after an injury or surgical procedure has been shown to improve patient outcomes. While infrequent, nerve damage resulting from regional anesthesia can be devastating, however the mechanism remains unknown. Local anesthetics are neurotoxic yet are frequently applied to sites where peripheral nerves are regenerating. Therefore, understanding their effects on injured and growing neurons may have important implications for clinical practice. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if local anesthetics exacerbate the rate of motoneuron death following axotomy. Methods: Mice were subjected to a unilateral transection of the facial motor nerve, and either normal saline, 2% lidocaine, or 0.75% bupivacaine was placed at the injury site. Four weeks post-axotomy, percent survival was determined by comparing the number of motoneuron cell bodies on the injured side and the uninjured control side. Results: The average facial motoneuron survival in the saline, lidocaine, and bupivacaine groups 4 weeks after axotomy was 80%, 78% and 35%, respectively. Conclusion: Our data suggest that bupivacaine exacerbates levels of cell death in injured motoneurons. It has been proposed that once a nerve is damaged, it becomes more susceptible to injury elsewhere along the nerve. Thus, an improved understanding of the effects of local anesthetics on neuron survival and axon regeneration may lead to strategies to identify patients at higher risk for permanent neural deficits after peripheral nerve blocks and/or decrease the risk of neural deficit following peripheral nerve blocks.
Related allopolyploids display distinct floral pigment profiles and transgressive pigments
Authors: McCarthy Elizabeth W. , Berardi Andrea E. , Smith Stacey D. , Litt Amy 
Published: January 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Both polyploidy and shifts in floral color have marked angiosperm evolution. Here, we investigate the biochemical basis of the novel and diverse floral phenotypes seen in allopolyploids in Nicotiana (Solanaceae) and examine the extent to which the merging of distinct genomes alters flavonoid pigment production.METHODS:We analyzed flavonol and anthocyanin pigments from Nicotiana allopolyploids of different ages (N. tabacum, 0.2 million years old; several species from Nicotiana section Repandae, 4.5 million years old; and five lines of first‐generation synthetic N. tabacum) as well as their diploid progenitors.KEY RESULTS:Allopolyploid floral pigment profiles tend not to overlap with their progenitors or related allopolyploids, and allopolyploids produce transgressive pigments that are not present in either progenitor. Differences in floral color among N. tabacum accessions seems mainly to be due to variation in cyanidin concentration, but changes in flavonol concentrations among accessions are also present.CONCLUSIONS:Competition for substrates within the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway to make either flavonols or anthocyanins may drive the differences seen among related allopolyploids. Some of the pigment differences observed in allopolyploids may be associated with making flowers more visible to nocturnal pollinators.
Retrospective analysis of heavy metal contamination in Rhode Island based on old and new herbarium specimens
Authors: Rudin Sofia M. , Murray David W. , Whitfeld Timothy J. S. 
Published: January 2017

Premise of the study:Herbarium specimens may provide a record of past environmental conditions, including heavy metal pollution. To explore this potential, we compared concentrations of copper, lead, and zinc in historical and new collections from four sites in Rhode Island, USA.Methods:We compared historical specimens (1846 to 1916) to congener specimens collected in 2015 at three former industrial sites in Providence, Rhode Island, and one nonindustrial site on Block Island. Leaf material was prepared by UltraWAVE SRC Microwave Digestion, and heavy metal concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectroscopy.Results:Heavy metal concentrations in the historical and new specimens were measurable for all elements tested, and levels of copper and zinc were comparable in the historical and 2015 collections. By contrast, the concentration of lead declined at all sites over time. Significant variability in heavy metal concentration was observed between taxa, reflecting their varied potential for elemental accumulation.Discussion:It seems clear that herbarium specimens can be used to evaluate past levels of pollution and assess local environmental changes. With careful sampling effort, these specimens can be a valuable part of environmental science research. Broadening the possible applications for herbarium collections in this way increases their relevance in an era of reduced funding for collections‐based research.
Development of microsatellite markers in Garcinia paucinervis (Clusiaceae), an endangered species of karst habitats
Authors: Hu Gang , Zhang Zhong‐Hua , Yang Ping , Zhang Qi‐Wei , Yuan Chang‐An 
Published: January 2017

Premise of the study:Microsatellite markers were developed for Garcinia paucinervis (Clusiaceae), an endangered and endemic tree species of karst habitats, to analyze its genetic diversity and genetic structure.Methods and Results:Using shotgun sequencing on an Illumina MiSeq platform, a total of 22 microsatellite primer sets were characterized, of which 17 were identified as polymorphic. For these polymorphic loci, the total number of alleles per locus ranged from two to 12 across 54 individuals from three populations. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.000 to 1.000 and from 0.000 to 0.850, respectively. No pair of loci showed significant linkage disequilibrium. Three loci in one population deviated significantly from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (P < 0.05). Seven loci (JSL3, JSL5, JSL22, JSL29, JSL32, JSL39, and JSL43) were successfully amplified in G. bracteata.Conclusions:These markers will be useful in studies on genetic diversity and population structure of G. paucinervis.
COMMON ENVELOPE EJECTION FOR A LUMINOUS RED NOVA IN M101
Authors: Blagorodnova N. , Kotak R. , Polshaw J. , Kasliwal M. M. , Cao Y. , Cody A. M. , Doran G. B. , Elias-Rosa N. , Fraser M. , Fremling C. , Gonzalez-Fernandez C. , Harmanen J. , Jencson J. , Kankare E. , Kudritzki R.-P. , Kulkarni S. R. , Magnier E. , Manulis I. , Masci F. J. , Mattila S. , Nugent P. , Ochner P. , Pastorello A. , Reynolds T. , Smith K. , Sollerman J. , Taddia F. , Terreran G. , Tomasella L. , Turatto M. , Vreeswijk P. M. , Wozniak P. , Zaggia S. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
We present the results of optical, near-infrared, and mid-infrared observations of M101 OT2015-1 (PSN J14021678+5426205), a luminous red transient in the Pinwheel galaxy (M101), spanning a total of 16 years. The light curve showed two distinct peaks with absolute magnitudes

and

, on 2014 November 11 and 2015 February 17, respectively. The spectral energy distributions during the second maximum show a cool outburst temperature of

K and low expansion velocities (

km s−1) for the H i, Ca ii, Ba ii, and K i lines. From archival data spanning 15–8 years before the outburst, we find a single source consistent with the optically discovered transient, which we attribute to being the progenitor; it has properties consistent with being an F-type yellow supergiant with L ∼ 8.7

L
⊙,

K, and an estimated mass of

M
⊙. This star has likely just finished the H-burning phase in the core, started expanding, and is now crossing the Hertzsprung gap. Based on the combination of observed properties, we argue that the progenitor is a binary system, with the more evolved system overfilling the Roche lobe. Comparison with binary evolution models suggests that the outburst was an extremely rare phenomenon, likely associated with the ejection of the common envelope of a massive star. The initial mass of the primary fills the gap between the merger candidates V838 Mon (5−10 M
⊙) and NGC 4490-OT (30 M
⊙).
ISOPHOTE SHAPES OF EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES IN MASSIVE CLUSTERS AT z ∼ 1 AND 0
Authors: Mitsuda Kazuma , Doi Mamoru , Morokuma Tomoki , Suzuki Nao , Yasuda Naoki , Perlmutter Saul , Aldering Greg , Meyers Joshua 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
We compare the isophote shape parameter a
4 of early-type galaxies (ETGs) between z ∼ 1 and 0 as a proxy for dynamics to investigate the epoch at which the dynamical properties of ETGs are established, using cluster ETG samples with stellar masses of

which have spectroscopic redshifts. We have 130 ETGs from the Hubble Space Telescope Cluster Supernova Survey for z ∼ 1 and 355 ETGs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey for z ∼ 0. We have developed an isophote shape analysis method, which can be used for high-redshift galaxies and has been carefully compared with published results. We have applied the same method for both the z ∼ 1 and 0 samples. We find similar dependence of the a
4 parameter on the mass and size at z ∼ 1 and 0; the main population of ETGs changes from disky to boxy at a critical stellar mass of

with the massive end dominated by boxy. The disky ETG fraction decreases with increasing stellar mass both at z ∼ 1 and 0, and is consistent between these redshifts in all stellar mass bins when the Eddington bias is taken into account. Although uncertainties are large, the results suggest that the isophote shapes and probably dynamical properties of ETGs in massive clusters are already in place at z > 1 and do not significantly evolve in z < 1, despite significant size evolution in the same galaxy population. The constant disky fraction favors less violent processes than mergers as the main cause of the size and morphological evolution of intermediate mass ETGs in z < 1.
SEARCHING FOR DARK MATTER ANNIHILATION IN RECENTLY DISCOVERED MILKY WAY SATELLITES WITH FERMI-LAT
Authors: Albert A. , Anderson B. , Bechtol K. , Drlica-Wagner A. , Meyer M. , Sánchez-Conde M. , Strigari L. , Wood M. , Abbott T. M. C. , Abdalla F. B. , Benoit-Lévy A. , Bernstein G. M. , Bernstein R. A. , Bertin E. , Brooks D. , Burke D. L. , Rosell A. Carnero , Kind M. Carrasco , Carretero J. , Crocce M. , Cunha C. E. , D’Andrea C. B. , da Costa L. N. , Desai S. , Diehl H. T. , Dietrich J. P. , Doel P. , Eifler T. F. , Evrard A. E. , Neto A. Fausti , Finley D. A. , Flaugher B. , Fosalba P. , Frieman J. , Gerdes D. W. , Goldstein D. A. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Honscheid K. , James D. J. , Kent S. , Kuehn K. , Kuropatkin N. , Lahav O. , Li T. S. , Maia M. A. G. , March M. , Marshall J. L. , Martini P. , Miller C. J. , Miquel R. , Neilsen E. , Nord B. , Ogando R. , Plazas A. A. , Reil K. , Romer A. K. , Rykoff E. S. , Sanchez E. , Santiago B. , Schubnell M. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Smith R. C. , Soares-Santos M. , Sobreira F. , Suchyta E. , Swanson M. E. C. , Tarle G. , Vikram V. , Walker A. R. , Wechsler R. H. ,   (The Fermi-LAT and DES Collaborations)
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
We search for excess γ-ray emission coincident with the positions of confirmed and candidate Milky Way satellite galaxies using six years of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). Our sample of 45 stellar systems includes 28 kinematically confirmed dark-matter-dominated dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) and 17 recently discovered systems that have photometric characteristics consistent with the population of known dSphs. For each of these targets, the relative predicted γ-ray flux due to dark matter annihilation is taken from kinematic analysis if available, and estimated from a distance-based scaling relation otherwise, assuming that the stellar systems are DM-dominated dSphs. LAT data coincident with four of the newly discovered targets show a slight preference (each

2σ local) for γ-ray emission in excess of the background. However, the ensemble of derived γ-ray flux upper limits for individual targets is consistent with the expectation from analyzing random blank-sky regions, and a combined analysis of the population of stellar systems yields no globally significant excess (global significance

). Our analysis has increased sensitivity compared to the analysis of 15 confirmed dSphs by Ackermann et al. The observed constraints on the DM annihilation cross section are statistically consistent with the background expectation, improving by a factor of ∼2 for large DM masses (

and

) and weakening by a factor of ∼1.5 at lower masses relative to previously observed limits.
OPTICAL VARIABILITY OF AGNs IN THE PTF/iPTF SURVEY
Authors: Caplar Neven , Lilly Simon J. , Trakhtenbrot Benny 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
We characterize the optical variability of quasars in the Palomar Transient Factory and intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (PTF/iPTF) surveys. We re-calibrate the r-band light curves for ∼28,000 luminous, broad-line active galactic nuclei from the SDSS, producing a total of ∼2.4 million photometric data points. We utilize both the structure function (SF) and power spectrum density (PSD) formalisms to search for links between the optical variability and the physical parameters of the accreting supermassive black holes that power the quasars. The excess variance (SF2) of the quasar sample tends to zero at very short time separations, validating our re-calibration of the time-series data. We find that the the amplitude of variability at a given time-interval, or equivalently the timescale of variability to reach a certain amplitude, is most strongly correlated with luminosity with weak or no dependence on black hole mass and redshift. For a variability level of SF(τ) = 0.07 mag, the timescale has a dependency of

. This is broadly consistent with the expectation from a simple Keplerian accretion disk model, which provides

. The PSD analysis also reveals that many quasar light curves are steeper than a damped random walk. We find a correlation between the steepness of the PSD slopes, specifically the fraction of slopes steeper than 2.5, and black hole mass, although we cannot exclude the possibility that luminosity or Eddington ratio are the drivers of this effect. This effect is also seen in the SF analysis of the (i)PTF data, and in a PSD analysis of quasars in the SDSS Stripe 82.
Mohamed’s Corner
Authors: Larchet Nicolas 
Published: January 2017

Les relations entre les commerçants étrangers et les habitants des quartiers populaires noirs américains ont rarement retenu l’attention des ethnographes, si ce n’est pour souligner la position de ces premiers comme « minorités intermédiaires » pris dans les conflits entre communautés blanche et noire. À partir de l’observation du quotidien d’un commerçant mauritanien établi dans le quartier de Central City à La Nouvelle‑Orléans, nous découvrirons comment celui‑ci est parvenu à accomplir un petit « miracle social » : entretenir des relations de confiance et de proximité avec sa clientèle malgré toute la distance sociale et culturelle qui l’en séparait.
Les marchés de plein vent
Authors: Navarro Aurore 
Published: January 2017

En s’appuyant sur des enquêtes qualitatives réalisées dans la région Rhône‑Alpes, cet article s’intéresse à un groupe professionnel peu connu : les commerçants alimentaires des marchés de plein vent qui se rendent quotidiennement dans les villes pour reconduire des événements hebdomadaires et des lieux commerciaux éphémères. Leurs mobilités, sociales et géographiques, ainsi que les critères personnels qui dessinent leurs choix d’ancrage offrent un kaléidoscope éclairant les dynamiques en cours dans la fabrique de la ville.