bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usefulness of bilateral cerebral regional oxygen saturation measurements in determining selective cerebral perfusion flow rate in a pediatric patient with aortic arch stenosis: a case report
Authors: Saito Junichi , Ichikawa Shino , Kudo Reiko , Saito Kurumi , Kiyokawa Masayo , Kushikata Tetsuya 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
We report a pediatric case where bilateral regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) measurements were useful in determining the selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) flow rate.

Case presentation
A 9-year-old Japanese boy, 128 cm tall and weighing 25.6 kg, was scheduled for aortic arch reconstruction due to a 90–100 mmHg pressure gradient. Pediatric-sized oximetry sensors were attached to the bilateral forehead area. The rSO2 levels were 70–80% on the right and 80–90% on the left during cardiopulmonary bypass. Immediately following deep hypothermic circulatory arrest with the body temperature cooled to 25 °C, SCP was initiated from the right brachiocephalic artery at 10 mL/kg/min. As the rSO2 decreased steeply to 43–45% on the right and to 32–38% on the left, the SCP flow was increased to 15 mL/kg/min. The right rSO2 increased promptly to 50–60%, but the left rSO2 remained at 30–40%. After the SCP flow was increased to 20 mL/kg/min, bilateral rSO2 levels of 50–60% were obtained, and the SCP flow rate was maintained. The patient was transferred to the ICU postoperatively and extubated on the second postoperative day with no neurological abnormalities.

Conclusions
Bilateral rSO2 measurements are essential even for a pediatric patient undergoing SCP, despite the limited forehead area.
Fluid intelligence but not need for cognition is associated with attitude change in response to the correction of misinformation
Authors: Hutmacher Fabian , Appel Markus , Schätzlein Benjamin , Mengelkamp Christoph 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMisinformation can profoundly impact an individual’s attitudes—sometimes even after the misinformation has been corrected. In two preregistered experiments (N1 = 355, N2 = 725), we investigated whether individual differences in the ability and motivation to process information thoroughly influence the impact of misinformation in a news media context. More specifically, we tested whether fluid intelligence and need for cognition predicted the degree to which individuals who were exposed to misinformation changed their attitudes after receiving a correction message. We found consistent evidence that higher fluid intelligence is associated with a more pronounced correction effect, while need for cognition did not have a significant effect. This suggests that integrating a correction message with a previously encountered piece of misinformation can be challenging and that correction messages consequently need to be communicated in a way that is accessible to a broad audience.
Investigating patellar motion using weight-bearing dynamic CT: normative values and morphological considerations for healthy volunteers
Authors: Buzzatti Luca , Keelson Benyameen , Héréus Savanah , Van den Broeck Jona , Scheerlinck Thierry , Van Gompel Gert , Vandemeulebroucke Jef , De Mey Johan , Buls Nico , Cattrysse Erik 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Patellar instability is a well-known pathology in which kinematics can be investigated using metrics such as tibial tuberosity tracheal groove (TTTG), the bisect offset (BO), and the lateral patellar tilt (LPT). We used dynamic computed tomography (CT) to investigate the patellar motion of healthy subjects in weight-bearing conditions to provide normative values for TTTG, BO, and LPT, as well as to define whether BO and LPT are affected by the morphology of the trochlear groove.

Methods
Dynamic scanning was used to acquire images during weight-bearing in 21 adult healthy volunteers. TTTG, BO, and LPT metrics were computed between 0° and 30° of knee flexion. Sulcus angle, sulcus depth, and lateral trochlear inclination were calculated and used with the TTTG for simple linear regression models.

Results
All metrics gradually decreased during eccentric movement (TTTG, -6.9 mm; BO, -12.6%; LPT, -4.3°). No significant differences were observed between eccentric and concentric phases at any flexion angle for all metrics. Linear regression between kinematic metrics towards full extension showed a moderate fit between BO and TTTG (R2 0.60, β 1.75) and BO and LPT (R2 0.59, β 1.49), and a low fit between TTTG and LPT (R2 0.38, β 0.53). A high impact of the TTTG distance over BO was shown in male participants (R2 0.71, β 1.89) and patella alta individuals (R2 0.55, β 1.91).

Conclusion
We provided preliminary normative values of three common metrics during weight-bearing dynamic CT and showed the substantial impact of lateralisation of the patella tendon over patella displacement.

Relevance statement
These normative values can be used by clinicians when evaluating knee patients using TTTG, BO, and LPT metrics. The lateralisation of the patellar tendon in subjects with patella alta or in males significantly impacts the lateral displacement of the patella.

Key Points

Trochlear groove morphology had no substantial impact on motion prediction.

The lateralisation of the patellar tendon seems a strong predictor of lateral displacement of the patella in male participants.

Participants with patella alta displayed a strong fit between the patellar lateral displacement and tilt.

TTTG, BO, and LPT decreased during concentric movement.

Concentric and eccentric phases did not show differences for all metrics.

Graphical Abstract
Development of a questionnaire to assess the patient perspective regarding challenges in psoriatic arthritis treatment—a mixed-methods study
Authors: Lucas Ribeiro André , Tessari Júlia Andressa , Lubianca Kohem Charles , Esther Palominos Penélope , Mendonça da Silva Chakr Rafael 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundLimited data exist on psoriatic arthritis (PsA) treatment in lower-income regions, particularly from the patient perspective. This study explores the challenges faced by socioeconomically vulnerable PsA patients and the reasons for non-adherence to treatment guidelines. The main objective of the study is to develop a questionnaire to identify the primary challenges in PsA treatment adherence and to analyze its feasibility while simultaneously understanding the target population’s unique characteristics.MethodsWe included PsA patients meeting the Classification Criteria for PsA (CASPAR), excluding those with other overlapping inflammatory diseases. The study, supported by two patient-research partners, began with focus groups to identify treatment challenges, leading to the creation of a 26-item questionnaire. Its reliability was verified using the test-retest method, targeting a percent agreement ≥ 0.8. Then, PsA patients at a rheumatology clinic completed the final survey.ResultsThe study involved 69 PsA patients. The final questionnaire contained 26-questions across five-domains, with a 92.2% agreement rate and an average completion time of 8.3 minutes. Diagnostic delays exceeded a year for 59% of patients and more than two years for 33%. Daily life disruptions affected 43.2% of patients, with 35.3% taking sick leave or retiring. Around 25% waited over 8 weeks for drug approval, and 17.6% required legal intervention to access medication. Drug dispensation issues impacted about 60% of patients. Furthermore, 66.7% lived far from their rheumatologist, with 49% traveling over an hour for appointments. Approximately 30% were unaware of the risks of methotrexatein relation to alcohol consumption and pregnancy.ConclusionsThe questionnaire was feasible and reliable, with its results underscoring patient-centric challenges in PsA management, particularly concerning diagnostic delays and medication access, as well as daily life disruptions and misinformation. These findings emphasize the urgency for healthcare reforms aimed at improving diagnosis efficiency, patient education, and streamlined medication access, emphasizing the need for tailored initiatives to improve the healthcare experience for PsA patients.
Ultrasound-guided combined intra-articular corticosteroids injection and suprascapular nerve block for pain control in patients with frozen shoulder
Authors: Shaaban Ebraheem Hassan Abubakr , El Shafei Mohamed Mahmoud , El Desouki Salah El Deen , Elnemr Rehab , Ezz Eldin Omnia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Frozen shoulder is an incapacitating disease that causes pain and limitation in the shoulder joint functional capacity. This work aimed to assess the efficacy of ultrasound-guided combined intra-articular corticosteroids (CS) injection and suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) in pain control in patients with frozen shoulders.

Results
Our prospective study included 40 patients, equally divided into two groups: group A; managed with combined ultrasound (US) guided intra-articular corticosteroids injection (IACSI) and SSNB, and group B patients managed with US-guided SSNB. The visual analog scale score statistically significantly improved after both injections. This success was maintained and showed mild improvement at 8-week intervals (with increased patient capability to do physiotherapy after pain control). Similarly, improvement in the functional capacity of the shoulder joint was identified and assessed by the Oxford shoulder score (OSS) in both groups. Mean OSS was statistically significantly higher at 4-week intervals than before the nerve block for groups A and B. At 8 weeks interval, this favorable result was sustained (p < .001).

Conclusions
US-guided SSNB is an effective, radiation-free method to alleviate frozen shoulder-related pains. However, US-guided combined SSNB and IACSI was more effective than SSNB alone in both pain alleviation and improved shoulder joint function.
Estimation of isoniazid by digital image colorimetry: an integration of green chemistry and smartphone technology
Authors: Yenduri Suvarna , Prashant K. Naga 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
This study proposes a simple digital image colorimetric method using a smartphone for the quantitative analysis of isoniazid in pharmaceutical medications. The analytical methodology employed in this study involved the utilization of the reaction between isoniazid and FC reagent under alkaline conditions. The chemical reaction led to the creation of a complex with a blue-gray color, exhibiting a peak absorption at a wavelength of 760 nm. An Android application was employed to perform a smartphone-based determination based on separating the captured color into different color channels such as red, blue, green, etc. The experimental procedure involved the utilization of three smartphones for the determination, which was subsequently followed by a comparative analysis of the results obtained from these devices using spectrophotometric measurements.

Results
The B channel had the highest level of optimization in terms of analytical parameters. The limits of detection (LOD) were 0.586, 2.478, and 1.396 µg/ml for S1, S2, and S3, respectively, and for the spectrophotometer, it was found to be 0.416 µg/ml. Similarly, LOQs were determined as 1.673, 7.511, 4.232, and 1.302 µg/ml. A %RSD of 1.3 for precision and an LOD of 0.013 g dm−3 were obtained for the spectroscopic method. The % recovery in the accuracy study was found to be 99.69, 101.804, 109.28, and 100.13 for S1, S2, S3, and spectrophotometer, respectively.

Conclusion
The colorimetric results from smartphone application are similar to those from spectrophotometric analyses.
Trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase in health and disease
Authors: Famutimi Oladoyin Grace , Adebiyi Victor Gbolahan , Akinmolu Bukola Grace , Dada Omoniyi Vincent , Adewale Isaac Olusanjo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Serine proteases represent over 1% of all proteins in humans. This family of proteins is found on cell surfaces, subcellular organelles like lysosomes or mitochondria, within the nucleus and the protoplasm.

Main body of the abstract
Among them, trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase have aroused great interest because of their numerous functions in pathophysiological processes. Altered expression of these enzymes in experimental animal models and humans has been related to various pathologies, like developmental defects, metabolic dysfunctions, cancer, peripheral vascular diseases and infectious diseases. Trypsin and chymotrypsin-like proteases activate, or less oftentimes inactivate, numerous substrates, together with growth factors, receptors, adhesion molecules, angiogenic factors and metalloproteases. Among these substrates, a number of them are key factors in cancer progression, metastasis and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease. Elastin-degrading enzyme- elastase, slowly damages elastin over the lifetime of an organism. The physiological processes triggered by elastase leads to the progression of different conditions such as cancer, metabolic syndrome, pulmonary emphysema, atherosclerosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These serine proteases are currently considered to be targets for the development of new potent therapeutics.

Short conclusion
The cumulative knowledge that outlined the physiological functions and pathological implications of these proteases and the proposed strategies to regulate a number of their activities and their targeting for therapeutic application and validation in selected disease states are highlighted. These should enhance our appreciation of their roles in aetiology of some diseases as well as the chemotherapeutic benefits of their inhibition or modulation.
Clinical factors associated with bone mineral density among individuals with osteoarthritis of the hip and/or knee: a systematic review
Authors: Adekanla Babatunde A. , Mbada Chidozie E. , Idowu Opeyemi A. , Ademoyegun Adekola A. , Onigbinde Omotola A. , Fawole Henrietta O. , Afolabi Joshua , Adeniji Tolulope , Akinpelu Aderonke O. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background and objective
The association of clinical factors of osteoarthritis (OA) with bone mineral density (BMD) is not well understood. We aimed to synthesize evidence regarding the associated clinical factors for low BMD in people with knee and/or hip osteoarthritis.

Methods
A systematic literature search limited to human studies was conducted from inception to September 12, 2022. CINAHL, Cochrane, Medline, PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, and African Journal online databases were searched for all clinical factors associated with low BMD (either as osteopenia or osteoporosis). Gray literature or abstracts or protocols, studies with a mixed population of OA without a subgroup analysis for hip and or KOA and non-English were excluded. Following the title and abstract, full-text, screenings, and data extraction, data from eligible studies were synthesized based on the main objective of the study. The Joanna Brigg’s Institute (JBI) Critical Assessment tool was used for quality appraisal. Narrative synthesis and best evidence synthesis were used in the study.

Result
Five studies (2 case–control, 3 cross-sectional) were included after screening 3355 titles and abstracts. Clinical factors reported in the five studies included: body mass index (BMI); pain, function, and stiffness; symptom duration; presence of varus/valgus deformity; quality of life; and knee function. Whilst there was limited evidence to support the association between BMD measured at any site of the body and BMI, as well as conflicting evidence for the association of BMD with age and gender, there was insufficient evidence to support the association of BMD with other identified clinical factors of hip and or/ knee OA (p < 0.05). In addition, there is conflicting evidence for the association between BMD measured at the lumbar spine and BMI.

Conclusion
There is insufficient evidence on the association between BMD and its associated clinical factors. With the attendant likelihood of bias in existing studies, there is a need for well-designed studies on bone health in OA.
Vocal dysfunction following thyroid surgery: a multidimensional subjective and objective study
Authors: Aref Essam Eldin Mohamed , Ahmed Gamal Abd El-Hamed , Ibrahim Reham AbdEl-Wakil , Shrkawy Aya Essam 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background and objective
Following thyroid surgery, vocal changes are a common complication and well-known morbidity that may be linked to neuronal and non-neuronal voice breakdown. Nevertheless, their effects on different voice characteristics are not fully understood, and their bases are still poorly characterized. In order to determine the diagnostic indicators that address the nature of such post-thyroidectomy voice alternations, this study was designed to provide a multidimensional assessment of vocal function after thyroid surgery.

Methods
This research was a 1-year prospective cohort study conducted on 100 adult patients aged 40.19 (± 12.82) years who were recruited from the outpatient clinic of Phoniatric Unit, Assiut University Hospital, and scheduled to undergo thyroid surgery during the period from November 2020 to November 2021. All subjects underwent vocal assessment preoperatively and 15 days, 1 month, and 2 months postoperatively by filled in subjective evaluation of voice complaints via voice handicap index (VHI-30), auditory perceptual assessment (APA) of the voice, and videolaryngoscopy in addition to acoustic analysis using computerized speech lab (CSL). Statistical analysis was performed to compare multi-parameter voice assessment tools across different assessment time points.

Results
The voice changes were significantly decreased from 51.0% after 15 days postoperatively to 33.0% after 2 months of follow-up. Among these cases, 35.0% cases developed vocal fold paralysis and complained of a breathy voice (27% developed unilateral vocal fold paralysis, and 8% developed bilateral focal fold lesions), and the remaining 16.0% cases had no paralytic manifestations. Also, only one case developed gross lesion “bilateral vocal fold nodules.” The subjective evaluation of voice outcome after thyroidectomy showed significant improvement in VHI subscales and total score from 15 days postoperatively to 2 months of follow-up (P < 0.001). All of the acoustic parameters except HNR showed a significant difference across the different assessment settings (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Thyroidectomy can result in significant vocal alterations, even in cases where the laryngeal nerve is unharmed. These changes should be taken into consideration in patient having thyroid surgery, especially a total thyroidectomy because of malignant lesions. More efforts are needed in order to determine the extent and pathophysiological reasons for the vocal alterations following thyroid surgery in order to reduce the morbidity associated with one of the most popular surgical procedures performed globally.
Dysgeusia and paresthesia following suspension microlaryngoscopy: review and recommendations for risk reduction
Authors: Al-Yahya Syarifah Nafisah , Rahim Norazila Abdul , Kailani Abdul Azim Al-Abrar Ahmad , Sobani Muhamad Ariff , Mansor Masaany 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Dysgeusia or altered taste is a rare complication following suspension microlaryngoscopy with the incidence ranging from 2.9 to 12.1%. We report this with recommendations to avoid similar complications following suspension laryngoscopy, tonsillectomy, and tongue base surgery which require pressure to be placed on the tongue for better surgical field visualization.

Case presentation
A 53-year-old man with underlying diabetes mellitus presented with long standing history of irritative cough, globus sensation, and evidence of laryngopharyngeal reflux. A left ventricle swelling was noted on flexible laryngoscopy and neck. He underwent direct laryngoscopy and biopsy of the left ventricle lesion which revealed to be acute on chronic inflammation. Day 1 postoperatively, patient complained of reduced sensation over left hemi-tongue. A referral to a neurologist was made for further examination and he was found to have loss of taste over anterior two-third of tongue and treated with vitamin B complex. To date, dysgeusia remains persistent. Patient relayed his grievances to the hospital following these complications. Review of literature on relevant topic was made through PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library Database by two reviewers, working independently. Twenty-three papers, available in full, written in English language, containing number of cases, type of surgery, and complications were extracted and studied.

Conclusions
Risk of dysgeusia and paresthesia postoperatively should be informed during consent taking for all patients undergoing tonsillectomy, laryngeal microsurgery, and tongue base surgery. Zinc deficiency should be investigated in patients with persistent taste disturbance post-tonsillectomy. Intermittent release during suspension laryngoscopy beyond 30 min to reduce post-surgical complications. Greater care should be taken to reduce the amount of force during the suspension laryngoscopy due to smaller oral and oropharyngeal structure in female. Keeping close to the tonsillar capsule particularly in mid and lower pole areas should be done in tonsillectomy using diathermy dissection.
Severity, mortality, and incidence of venous thromboembolism in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Ali Ahmed Al-Husseiny , Assal Hebatallah Hany , Ismail Mohamed Said , Mashaly Basem Abdelmonem , Elwafa Gihan Saad Abo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 is a global pandemic that negatively affected the world economy and the health care resources. It is associated with great health impact, mortality, and long-term sequelae.

Methods
History taking computed tomography of the chest and laboratory investigations including complete blood count, liver and kidney function tests, serum ferritin, C-reactive protein, and D-dimer were done.

Results
A total of 246 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were enrolled. Male predominance (67.1% of the total study population) was observed. The mean age was 57.26 ± 14.08 years. Moderate cases comprised 63.8% of the total study population, 22.4% were severe cases, and 13.8% were critical cases. The mortality rate was 8.13% and 6.1% developed venous thromboembolism.

Conclusion
Age, smoking, and the presence of previous pulmonary disease were among the most important factors affecting COVID-19 severity. The severity of the disease greatly influences the incidence of venous thromboembolism and the outcome of the disease.