bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamical Models for the Sculptor Dwarf Spheroidal in a ΛCDM Universe
Authors: Strigari Louis E. , Frenk Carlos S. , White Simon D. M. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy appears to contain two distinct stellar populations of differing metallicity. Several authors have argued that in order for these two populations to reside in the same gravitational potential, the dark matter halo must have a core similar to that observed in the stellar count profile. This would exclude cuspy Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) density profiles of the kind predicted for halos and subhalos by dark matter-only simulations of the ΛCDM cosmological model. We present a new theoretical framework to analyze observations of stellar count and velocity in a self-consistent manner based on separable models,

, for the distribution function of an equilibrium spherical system. We use this machinery to analyze available photometric and kinematic data for the two stellar populations in Sculptor. We find, contrary to some previous claims, that the data are consistent with populations in equilibrium within an NFW dark matter potential with structural parameters in the range expected in ΛCDM; we find no statistical preference for a potential with a core. Our models allow a maximum circular velocity for Sculptor between 20 and 35 km s−1. We discuss why some previous authors came to a different conclusion.
Evolution of Dust-obscured Star Formation and Gas to z = 2.2 from HiZELS
Authors: Thomson A. P. , Simpson J. M. , Smail Ian , Swinbank A. M. , Best P. N. , Sobral D. , Geach J. E. , Ibar E. , Johnson H. L. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We investigate the far-infrared (far-IR) properties of galaxies selected via deep, narrow-band imaging of the Hα emission line in four redshift slices from

over ∼1 deg2 as part of the High-redshift Emission Line Survey (HiZELS). We use a stacking approach in the Herschel PACS/SPIRE far-IR bands, along with

imaging from SCUBA-2 and Very Large Array 1.4 GHz imaging, to study the evolution of the dust properties of Hα-emitters selected above an evolving characteristic luminosity threshold,

. We investigate the relationship between the dust temperatures, T
dust, and the far-infrared luminosities, L
IR, of our stacked samples, finding that our Hα-selection identifies cold, low-L
IR galaxies (

K;

) at z = 0.40, and more luminous, warmer systems (

K;

) at z = 2.23. Using a modified graybody model, we estimate “characteristic sizes” for the dust-emitting regions of Hα-selected galaxies of ∼0.5 kpc, nearly an order of magnitude smaller than their stellar continuum sizes, which may provide indirect evidence of clumpy interstellar medium structure. Lastly, we use measurements of the dust masses from our far-IR stacking along with metallicity-dependent gas-to-dust ratios (

) to measure typical molecular gas masses of

for these bright Hα-emitters. The gas depletion timescales are shorter than the Hubble time at each redshift, suggesting probable replenishment of their gas reservoirs from the intergalactic medium. Based on the number density of Hα-selected galaxies, we find that typical star-forming galaxies brighter than

comprise a significant fraction (35 ± 10%) of the total gas content of the universe, consistent with the predictions of the latest state-of-the-art cosmological simulations.
Unveiling the First Black Holes With JWST:Multi-wavelength Spectral Predictions
Authors: Natarajan Priyamvada , Pacucci Fabio , Ferrara Andrea , Agarwal Bhaskar , Ricarte Angelo , Zackrisson Erik , Cappelluti Nico 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Growing supermassive black holes (

) that power luminous

quasars from light seeds—the remnants of the first stars—within a Gyr of the Big Bang poses a timing challenge. The formation of massive black hole seeds via direct collapse with initial masses

alleviates this problem. Viable direct-collapse black hole formation sites, the satellite halos of star-forming galaxies, merge and acquire stars to produce a new, transient class of high-redshift objects, obese black hole galaxies (OBGs). The accretion luminosity outshines that of the stars in OBGs. We predict the multi-wavelength energy output of OBGs and growing Pop III remnants at z = 9 for standard and slim disk accretion, as well as high and low metallicities of the associated stellar population. We derive robust selection criteria for OBGs—a pre-selection to eliminate blue sources, followed by color–color cuts

and the ratio of X-ray flux to rest-frame optical flux

. Our cuts sift out OBGs from other bright, high- and low-redshift contaminants in the infrared. OBGs with predicted

are unambiguously detectable by the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI), on the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). For parameters explored here, growing Pop III remnants with predicted

will likely be undetectable by JWST. We demonstrate that JWST has the power to discriminate between initial seeding mechanisms.
ALMA Observations of Starless Core Substructure in Ophiuchus
Authors: Kirk H. , Dunham M. M. , Francesco J. Di , Johnstone D. , Offner S. S. R. , Sadavoy S. I. , Tobin J. J. , Arce H. G. , Bourke T. L. , Mairs S. , Myers P. C. , Pineda J. E. , Schnee S. , Shirley Y. L. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Compact substructure is expected to arise in a starless core as mass becomes concentrated in the central region likely to form a protostar. Additionally, multiple peaks may form if fragmentation occurs. We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Cycle 2 observations of 60 starless and protostellar cores in the Ophiuchus molecular cloud. We detect eight compact substructures which are

from the nearest Spitzer young stellar object. Only one of these has strong evidence for being truly starless after considering ancillary data, e.g., from Herschel and X-ray telescopes. An additional extended emission structure has tentative evidence for starlessness. The number of our detections is consistent with estimates from a combination of synthetic observations of numerical simulations and analytical arguments. This result suggests that a similar ALMA study in the Chamaeleon I cloud, which detected no compact substructure in starless cores, may be due to the peculiar evolutionary state of cores in that cloud.
A Probabilistic Approach to Fitting Period–luminosity Relations and Validating Gaia Parallaxes
Authors: Sesar Branimir , Fouesneau Morgan , Price-Whelan Adrian M. , Bailer-Jones Coryn A. L. , Gould Andy , Rix Hans-Walter 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Pulsating stars, such as Cepheids, Miras, and RR Lyrae stars, are important distance indicators and calibrators of the “cosmic distance ladder,” and yet their period–luminosity–metallicity (PLZ) relations are still constrained using simple statistical methods that cannot take full advantage of available data. To enable optimal usage of data provided by the Gaia mission, we present a probabilistic approach that simultaneously constrains parameters of PLZ relations and uncertainties in Gaia parallax measurements. We demonstrate this approach by constraining PLZ relations of type ab RR Lyrae stars in near-infrared W1 and W2 bands, using Tycho-Gaia Astrometric Solution (TGAS) parallax measurements for a sample of ≈100 type ab RR Lyrae stars located within 2.5 kpc of the Sun. The fitted PLZ relations are consistent with previous studies, and in combination with other data, deliver distances precise to 6% (once various sources of uncertainty are taken into account). To a precision of 0.05 mas (1σ), we do not find a statistically significant offset in TGAS parallaxes for this sample of distant RR Lyrae stars (median parallax of 0.8 mas and distance of 1.4 kpc). With only minor modifications, our probabilistic approach can be used to constrain PLZ relations of other pulsating stars, and we intend to apply it to Cepheid and Mira stars in the near future.
Long-term Longitudinal Recurrences of the Open Magnetic Flux Density in the Heliosphere
Authors: Dósa M. , Erdős G. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Open magnetic flux in the heliosphere is determined from the radial component of the magnetic field vector measured onboard interplanetary space probes. Previous Ulysses research has shown remarkable independence of the flux density from heliographic latitude, explained by super-radial expansion of plasma. Here we are investigating whether any longitudinal variation exists in the 50 year long OMNI magnetic data set. The heliographic longitude of origin of the plasma package was determined by applying a correction according to the solar wind travel time. Significant recurrent enhancements of the magnetic flux density were observed throughout solar cycle 23, lasting for several years. Similar, long-lasting recurring features were observed in the solar wind velocity, temperature and the deviation angle of the solar wind velocity vector from the radial direction. Each of the recurrent features has a recurrence period slightly differing from the Carrington rotation rate, although they show a common trend in time. Examining the coronal temperature data of ACE leads to the possible explanation that these long-term structures are caused by slow–fast solar wind interaction regions. A comparison with MESSENGER data measured at 0.5 au shows that these longitudinal magnetic modulations do not exist closer to the Sun, but are the result of propagation.
Knowledge, attitude & practice on human papillomavirus vaccination
Authors: Chawla P. Cheena , Chawla Anil , Chaudhary Seema 
Published: March 2017

Background & objectives:
Cervical cancer is a major health problem and a leading cause of death among women in India. Of all the associated risk factors, high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections being the principal aetiologic agent, two HPV vaccines are in use for the control of cervical cancer. The present study was undertaken to explore the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on HPV vaccination among the healthcare providers in India.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 590 healthcare professionals from 232 hospitals and 80 PHCs of nine districts of Delhi-NCR (National Capital Region). A total of 590 (526 female, 64 male) healthcare providers were surveyed.

Results:
Only 47 per cent of respondents recommended young women to get vaccinated against HPV. Majority of respondents (81%) were found to be aware about the existence of vaccines for cervical cancer prevention. District-wise, highest (88.3%) awareness about the existence of vaccines against HPV was reported from Gautam Budh Nagar and lowest (64%) in Faridabad. Although 86 per cent of gynaecologists were aware about the names of HPV vaccines available in the market, only 27 per cent of paramedical staff had this knowledge. There was a significant difference between the respondents from government and private sectors regarding their awareness about HPV vaccines. Lack of awareness about the principal cause, risk factors and symptoms for cervical cancer and HPV vaccination was significantly (P< 0.05) reported in the respondents from paramedical staff category.

Interpretation & conclusions:
The findings reinforce continued medical education of healthcare providers, particularly those from the government sector on HPV vaccination for cervical cancer prevention. Public education is also pertinent for a successful HPV vaccination programme in the country.
Preventive role of carvedilol in adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy
Authors: Jhorawat Rajesh , Kumari Savita , Varma Subhash C. , Rohit Manoj K. , Narula Nidhi , Suri Vikas , Malhotra Pankaj , Jain Sanjay 
Published: March 2017

Background & objectives:
Adriamycin though considered as an effective anticancer drug, leads to irreversible cardiomyopathy (CMP) and congestive heart failure (CHF). The aim of this study was to determine the protective effect of carvedilol in adriamycin (ADR)-induced cardiomyopathy (CMP) in cancer patients.

Methods:
Patients with lymphoreticular malignancy in whom ADR therapy was planned were randomized into two groups: carvedilol and control. Twenty seven patients each were enrolled in carvedilol and control groups. In the carvedilol group, 12.5 mg once daily oral carvedilol was given during six months. The patients were evaluated by echocardiography before and after chemotherapy. Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and systolic and diastolic diameters were calculated.

Results:
At six months of follow up, six patients in the carvedilol group and five in the control group had died. The mean EF (63.19 vs. 63.88%) and fraction shortening (FS) (34 vs. 34.6) of the carvedilol group were similar at follow up, but in the control group, the mean EF (67.27 vs. 60.82%, P=0.003) and FS (38.48 vs. 34.6, P<0.05) at control echocardiography were significantly lower. In carvedilol group, both systolic and diastolic diameters were not changed, but in control group, systolic diameters were significantly increased compared with basal measures (left ventricular end systolic diameter = 28.26±5.50 mm vs. 31.25± 6.50 mm; P< 0.05).

Interpretation & conclusions:
Prophylactic use of carvedilol in patients receiving anthracycline protected systolic functions of the left ventricle. Carvedilol can be a potential drug which can ameliorate ADR-induced CMP.
Navigating the Hidden Curriculum of Higher Education for Postsecondary Students With Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Berg Lucretia A. , Jirikowic Tracy , Haerling Katie , MacDonald Ginger 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Students with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDD) increasingly pursue postsecondary education (PSE). Navigating the hidden curriculum—including meeting prerequisites for PSE and employment, using support systems and community transportation, and carrying out adulthood expectations—is an area of challenge. This exploratory case study examined experiences of students with IDD attending a PSE program and stakeholder perspectives. Thirty-two participants (10 students with IDD, 5 parents or guardians, 4 college administrators, 8 college instructors, 4 occupational therapists, and a transition specialist) were interviewed. Conventional content analysis revealed navigating the hidden curriculum as a key theme and three subthemes: (1) adult-based system navigation, (2) persisting challenges with adaptive behaviors, and (3) disability awareness and disclosure. Limited awareness of disability and supports and services needed for a successful PSE outcome were contributing factors. Occupational therapists have the skills to support students with IDD in skill acquisition to successfully transition to and navigate PSE and the hidden curriculum.
Feasibility of Pediatric Game-Based Neurorehabilitation Using Telehealth Technologies: A Case Report
Authors: Reifenberg Grace , Gabrosek Gabrielle , Tanner Kelly , Harpster Karen , Proffitt Rachel , Persch Andrew 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This case report is the first in a series of reports designed to determine the feasibility of implementing game-based neurorehabilitation using telehealth technologies (GbN+TT) for children with cerebral palsy, evaluate the responsiveness of relevant outcome measures to changes in motor impairment and activity participation after intervention, and identify technological challenges associated with implementation of GbN+TT. The participant completed more than 56 hr of game-based neurorehabilitation over 8 wk using the Timocco platform in his home. The primary measures of motor impairment (Bruininks–Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition) and function (Pediatric Motor Activity Log) were both sensitive to change. Results indicate that it is feasible to administer GbN+TT to a child with cerebral palsy and monitor outcomes using standardized assessments.
Occupational Therapy Interventions for Adults With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Wheeler Steven , Acord-Vira Amanda , Arbesman Marian , Lieberman Deborah 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This Evidence Connection describes a case report of an adult with traumatic brain injury (TBI), applying the evidence for intervention from the systematic reviews on TBI that were conducted in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s (AOTA’s) Evidence-Based Practice Project. The occupational therapy assessment and treatment processes for hospital, home, and community settings are described. Evidence Connection articles provide a clinical application of systematic reviews developed in conjunction with AOTA’s Evidence-Based Practice Project.
The Influence of Trust on Project Management Practice within the Construction Industry
Authors: Strahorn Scott , Brewer Graham , Gajendran Thayaparan 
Published: March 2017

Given that any construction project is inherently a human endeavour, it follows that issues of trust are significant in terms of the stakeholder interactions that deliver eventual project outcomes. Previous research indicates that the relational basis upon which projects are undertaken are intended to influence the likelihood of trusting relationships between stakeholders. Thus, experiences of trust in a construction project environment are likely to be influenced by the contextual specifics of respective transactional and relational contracting (RC) procurement mechanisms, given the divergent theoretical principles upon which they are founded. The influence of trust has therefore been examined through the lived experiences of construction practitioners. A phenomenological interview study consisting of thirty-five (35) participants was conducted with sensitivity to the procurement of experiences being recounted. Issues of trust were shown to be integral to stakeholder experiences in both procurement environments, with the benefits of trust acknowledged in many instances. However, little understanding was evident regarding methods for building and maintaining trust, nor for repairing trust when problems arose. Importantly, despite the differing principles that underpin transactional and relational procurement, and particularly the contention that relational procurement would increase trust between trading partners, this was not evident; with individual personalities and appropriate risk apportionment shown to be greater influences upon the likelihood of trusting relationships. It is reasonable to conjecture that relational contracts actually diminish the need for trust, given that the objective is to reduce uncertainty through formulaic approaches to risk distribution and reward; the absence of risk negates the need for trust. Ultimately, the potential to deliver improved project outcomes as a result of proactive approaches to developing and maintaining trust, as well as repairing trust after difficulties, was shown to apply under all procurement conditions.
North Pacific twentieth century decadal‐scale variability is unique for the past 342 years
Authors: Williams B. , Halfar J. , Delong K. L. , Smith E. , Steneck R. , Lebednik P. A. , Jacob D. E. , Fietzke J. , Moore G. W. K. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractReconstructed sea surface temperatures (SSTs) derived from Mg/Ca measurements in nine encrusting coralline algal skeletons from the Aleutian archipelago in the northernmost Pacific Ocean reveal an overall increase in SST from 1665 to 2007. In the Aleutian SST reconstruction, decadal‐scale variability is a transient feature present during the 1700s and early 1800s and then fully emerging post‐1950. SSTs vary coherently with available instrument records of cyclone variance and vacillate in and out of coherence with multicentennial Pacific Northwest drought reconstructions as a response to SST‐driven alterations of storm tracks reaching North America. These results indicate that an influence of decadal‐scale variability on the North Pacific storm tracks only became apparent during the midtwentieth century. Furthermore, what has been assumed as natural variability in the North Pacific, based on twentieth century instrumental data, is not consistent with the long‐term natural variability evident in reconstructed SSTs predating the anthropogenic influence.
Introduction to special issue of the 2015 URSI‐Japan Radio Science Meeting
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuya , Yagitani Satoshi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe “2015 URSI‐Japan Radio Science Meeting” (URSI‐JRSM 2015) was held at Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan, on 3–4 September 2015 (http://www.ursi.jp/jrsm2015/). This special issue provides a collection of excellent papers presented at URSI‐JRSM 2015.
Fusion Learning
Authors: Cheng Jerry Q. , Liu Regina Y. , Xie Min‐ge 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIt is well known that combining inferences from more data sources can often greatly enhance the overall inference over the individual inferences. Fusion learning refers to the study of combining inference results obtained from different sources to achieve a more efficient or better overall inference result.This article reviews several fusion learning methods that are developed under the framework of combining confidence distributions and have been shown to be effective and broadly applicable. They include robust fusion learning, exact fusion learning for discrete data, fusion learning for heterogeneous studies, nonparametric fusion learning, split‐conquer‐combine approach, and even individualized fusion (i‐Fusion, etc.). An R package gmeta, implementing many of these methods, is available from CRAN.
Sustainable Catalytic Process with a High Eco‐Scale Score for the Synthesis of Five‐, Six‐, and Seven‐Membered Heterocyclic Compounds Using Nanocrystalline Zeolites
Authors: Sarmah Bhaskar , Srivastava Rajendra 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNanocrystalline ZSM‐5 and Beta zeolites were evaluated as catalysts for the one‐pot synthesis of a wide range of five‐, six‐, and seven‐membered heterocyclic compounds. Seven‐membered compounds were prepared by the reaction of o‐phenylenediamine and ketones, whereas five‐membered compounds were obtained when o‐aminothiophenol was reacted with ketones under the same reaction condition. Several other seven‐membered compounds were prepared by the reaction of (E)‐chalcone with o‐phenylenediamine/o‐aminothiophenol, whereas the six‐membered compounds described in this study were prepared by the reaction of o‐phenylenediamine with 2‐bromoacetophenone/2‐hydroxy acetophenone. Two other five‐membered compounds were prepared by the reaction of aniline with benzaldehyde and thioglycolic acid, and the reaction of glycerol with acetone. The mechanisms responsible for the formation of the different products were elucidated based on the results of time‐dependent 1H NMR experiments. To the best of our knowledge, this work represents the first reported systematic assessment of the catalytic activity of nanocrystalline zeolites for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. Notably, the catalysts were readily recovered and reused without any considerable decrease in their catalytic activity. The high eco‐scale score and low E‐factor value of this process clearly demonstrate that it represents a green and sustainable synthetic route for the preparation of a wide range of heterocyclic compounds of significant industrial importance.