bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CONSISE statement on the reporting of Seroepidemiologic Studies for influenza (ROSES‐I statement): an extension of the STROBE statement
Authors: Horby Peter W. , Laurie Karen L. , Cowling Benjamin J. , Engelhardt Othmar G. , Sturm‐Ramirez Katharine , Sanchez Jose L. , Katz Jacqueline M. , Uyeki Timothy M. , Wood John , Van Kerkhove Maria D. ,   the CONSISE Steering Committee
Published: July 2016

BackgroundPopulation‐based serologic studies are a vital tool for understanding the epidemiology of influenza and other respiratory viruses, including the early assessment of the transmissibility and severity of the 2009 influenza pandemic, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. However, interpretation of the results of serologic studies has been hampered by the diversity of approaches and the lack of standardized methods and reporting.ObjectiveThe objective of the CONSISE ROSES‐I statement was to improve the quality and transparency of reporting of influenza seroepidemiologic studies and facilitate the assessment of the validity and generalizability of published results.MethodsThe ROSES‐I statement was developed as an expert consensus of the CONSISE epidemiology and laboratory working groups. The recommendations are presented in the familiar format of a reporting guideline. Because seroepidemiologic studies are a specific type of observational epidemiology study, the ROSES‐I statement is built upon the STROBE guidelines. As such, the ROSES‐I statement should be seen as an extension of the STROBE guidelines.ResultsThe ROSES‐I statement presents 42 items that can be used as a checklist of the information that should be included in the results of published seroepidemiologic studies, and which can also serve as a guide to the items that need to be considered during study design and implementation.ConclusionsWe hope that the ROSES‐I statement will contribute to improving the quality of reporting of seroepidemiologic studies.
Class I HDACs specifically regulate E‐cadherin expression in human renal epithelial cells
Authors: Choi Sin Y. , Kee Hae J. , Kurz Thomas , Hansen Finn K. , Ryu Yuhee , Kim Gwi R. , Lin Ming Q. , Jin Li , Piao Zhe H. , Jeong Myung H. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractEpithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and renal fibrosis are closely involved in chronic kidney disease. Inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) has an anti‐fibrotic effect in various diseases. However, the pathophysiological role of isoform‐specific HDACs or class‐selective HDACs in renal fibrosis remains unknown. Here, we investigated EMT markers and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in a human proximal tubular cell line (HK‐2) by using HDAC inhibitors or by knockdown of class I HDACs (HDAC1, 2, 3 and 8). Trichostatin A (TSA), MS275, PCI34051 and LMK235 inhibited ECM proteins such as collagen type I or fibronectin in transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1)‐induced HK2 cells. However, restoration of TGF‐β1‐induced E‐cadherin down‐regulation was only seen in HK‐2 cells treated with TSA or MS275, but not with PCI34051, whereas TGF‐β1‐induced N‐cadherin expression was not affected by the inhibitors. ECM protein and EMT marker levels were prevented or restored by small interfering RNA transfection against HDAC8, but not against other class I HDACs (HDAC1, 2 and 3). E‐cadherin regulation is mediated by HDAC8 expression, but not by HDAC8 enzyme activity. Thus, class I HDACs (HDAC1, 2, 3 and 8) play a major role in regulating ECM and EMT, whereas class IIa HDACs (HDAC4 and 5) are less effective.
Three‐dimensional visualization of green fluorescence protein‐labelled Edwardsiella tarda in whole Medaka larvae
Authors: Kataoka C , Tomiyama H , Kashiwada S 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe invasive fish pathogen Edwardsiella tarda is common in aquatic environments and causes the environmentally and economically destructive emphysematous putrefactive disease called edwardsiellosis. In order to understand the organism's infection pathway, medaka larvae (Oryzias latipes) were immersion‐infected with E. tarda labelled with green fluorescence protein (GFP) and then visualized in three dimensions under confocal laser microscopy and light‐sheet fluorescence microscopy. Confocal microscopy revealed GFP‐labelled E. tarda in the mouth, head, gill bridges, gill cover, skin, membrane fin, gastrointestinal tract and air bladder, and in the caudal vein, somite veins, caudal artery and caudal capillaries. Light‐sheet microscopy additionally showed GFP‐labelled E. tarda in the pharyngeal cavity, muscle of the pectoral fin and cardiac atrium and ventricle. These findings suggest that during its infection of fish, E. tarda initially adheres to, and invades, the epithelial cells of the skin, gills and gastrointestinal tract (through the pharyngeal cavity); E. tarda then enters the blood vessels to access organs, including the air bladder and heart.
Hyper Production of Β‐Galactosidase From Newly Isolated Strain of Aspergillus nidulans
Authors: Kamran Aysha , Bibi Zainab , Aman Afsheen , Qader Shah Ali Ul 
Published: July 2016

AbstractSeveral Aspergillus species were isolated from soil samples collected from local dairy farms and screened for the production of β‐galactosidase. The potent isolate was identified as Aspergillus nidulans on the basis of microscopic and phenotypic characteristics. The production of β‐galactosidase from A. nidulans was optimized in batch fermentation using one‐variable‐at‐a‐time approach. Evaluation of process parameters indicated that A. nidulans produced high titer of β‐galactosidase at 35°C after 10.0 days of fermentation. It was found that A. nidulans is capable of releasing 60.0 U mg−1 of β‐galactosidase at pH 3.0. Among various carbon sources xylose (0.5%) showed maximum enzyme production. Glucose (1.0%), tri‐sodium citrate (0.7%), and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0.3%) indicated positive affect by inducing the culture for maximum synthesis of β‐galactosidase. Various organic and inorganic nitrogen sources were also tested and it was noticed that peptone (0.5%), yeast extract (0.5%), ammonium sulfate (0.2%), and ammonium nitrate (0.2%) improved the production of β‐galactosidase. These results suggested the feasibility of A. nidulans for the large scale production of β‐galactosidase.Practical ApplicationsBeta galactosidase has potential applications in food processing industry and enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose is best process as compared to high temperature and acids treatment as it retains maximum quality of product. This enzyme is used to obtain the hydrolyzed lactose from milk and milk whey for utilization in bakery products, animal feeds and as a sugar source for several fermentation products. This enzyme is also used in ice creams and condensed dairy products to avoid lactose crystallization. The syrup produced by lactose conversion using enzyme hydrolysis is used in dairy and soft drink industries. In pharmaceutical industry, it is used to produce lactose‐free milk for lactose intolerant consumers who are unable to digest the milk lactose.
Fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for the detection of proximal synchronous lesions in patients with obstructive colorectal cancer
Authors: Kim Wan Soo , Lee Hyo Sang , Lee Jeong‐Mi , Kwak Min Seob , Hwang Sung Wook , Park Sang Hyoung , Yang Dong‐Hoon , Kim Kyung‐Jo , Myung Seung‐Jae , Yang Suk‐Kyun , Byeon Jeong‐Sik 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackground and AimWe aimed to investigate the ability of fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) to detect synchronous neoplasms, specifically obstructive colorectal cancer (CRC) and CRC in the proximal colon and to suggest a management strategy based on FDG PET/CT findings.MethodsFrom the CRC surgery database of our institution, 518 patients with obstructive CRC whose proximal colon could not be examined by colonoscopy and who underwent preoperative FDG PET/CT were eligible for this study. Of these, final analyses were performed in 345 patients who had reference standards for the proximal colon, which were a surgical colectomy specimen and/or postsurgical colonoscopy. The per‐patient and per‐lesion performances of FDG PET/CT for synchronous CRC diagnosis were determined.ResultsOf 345 patients, 14 (4.1%) had 14 proximal synchronous CRCs. Thirty‐four patients showed 39 areas of abnormal FDG uptake on PET/CT in the colon proximal to the obstructive CRC. PET/CT detected all of the 14 proximal synchronous CRCs. The per‐patient PET/CT sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for proximal synchronous CRC were 100%, 93.9%, 41.2%, and 100%, respectively. Per‐lesion values were 100%, 92.6%, 35.9%, and 100%, respectively. The per‐lesion sensitivity and negative predictive value of PET/CT for advanced adenoma were 45.5% and 92.7%, respectively.ConclusionsThe FDG PET/CT shows a high sensitivity and negative predictive value for the detection of proximal synchronous CRC in patients with obstructive CRC, enabling negative findings in the proximal colon on PET/CT to definitively exclude proximal synchronous CRC. Preoperative PET/CT recommended to determine the proper surgical plan in patients with obstructive CRC.
Prospective clinical study of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided biliary drainage using novel balloon catheter (with video)
Authors: Amano Mio , Ogura Takeshi , Onda Saori , Takagi Wataru , Sano Tastsushi , Okuda Astushi , Miyano Akira , Masuda Daisuke , Higuchi Kazuhide 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackground and AimOn endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)‐guided biliary drainage, fistula dilation may be accompanied by leakage of bile juice, potentially along with bacteria or air, so this procedure should be kept as simple and short as possible. To date, various techniques to dilate the fistula have been reported. This prospective, single‐center, single‐arm study evaluated the technical feasibility and safety of EUS‐guided biliary drainage using novel balloon catheters.MethodsTip of novel balloon catheters is only 3 Fr and tapered, and the catheters also show favorable push ability. First, biliary tract was punctured using 19‐G fine needle aspiration needle. Next, we immediately inserted the novel balloon catheter, and the biliary tract and intestinal wall were dilated. Then, we performed metallic stent placement without any dilation fistula.ResultsA total of 20 patients were prospectively enrolled in this study. Technical success rate was 100%. Eleven patients underwent EUS‐guided choledochoduodenostomy, and nine patients underwent EUS‐guided hepaticogastrostomy. Median procedure time was only 11 min (range, 8–16 min) for EUS‐guided choledochoduodenostomy and 14 min (range, 11–18 min) for EUS‐guided hepaticogastrostomy. Adverse events were seen in 15% (3/20; self‐limited abdominal pain n = 2, peritonitis n = 1).ConclusionsAlthough additional cases and a randomized controlled comparison with another dilation technique such as the graded dilation or cystotome dilation technique are needed, our technique may be helpful for EUS‐guided biliary drainage.
Thermoregulatory responses to combined moderate heat stress and hypoxia
Authors: Low David A. , Bailey Tom G. , Timothy Cable Nigel , Jones Helen 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the cutaneous vascular and sudomotor responses to combined moderate passive heat stress and normobaric hypoxia.MethodThirteen healthy young males, dressed in a water‐perfused suit, underwent passive heating (Δcore temperature ~0.7°C) twice (Normoxia; 20.9% O2 and Hypoxia; 13% O2). Chest and forearm skin blood flow (SkBF; laser‐Doppler flux) and sweat rate (SR; capacitance hygrometry), core (intestinal pill), and skin temperatures, were recorded.ResultsHypoxia reduced baseline oxygen saturation (98±1 vs 89±6%, P<.001) and elevated chest (P=.03) and forearm SkBF (P=.03), and HR (64±9 vs 69±8 beats.min−1, P<.01). During heating, mean body temperature () thresholds for SkBF (P=.41) and SR (P=.28) elevations were not different between trials. The SkBF: linear sensitivity during the initial phase of heating was lower at the chest (P=.035) but not different at the forearm (P=.17) during hypoxia. With increasing levels of heating chest SkBF was not different (P=.55) but forearm SkBF was lower (P<.01) during hypoxia. Chest (P=.85) and forearm (P=.79) SR: linear sensitivities were not different between trials.ConclusionWhile sudomotor responses and the initiation of cutaneous blood flow elevations are unaffected, hypoxia differentially effects regional SkBF responses during moderate passive heating.
Spirochetes flagellar collar protein FlbB has astounding effects in orientation of periplasmic flagella, bacterial shape, motility, and assembly of motors in Borrelia burgdorferi
Authors: Moon Ki Hwan , Zhao Xiaowei , Manne Akarsh , Wang Juyu , Yu Zhou , Liu Jun , Motaleb Md A. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryBorrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, is a highly motile spirochete, and motility, which is provided by its periplasmic flagella, is critical for every part of the spirochete's enzootic life cycle. Unlike externally flagellated bacteria, spirochetes possess a unique periplasmic flagellar structure called the collar. This spirochete‐specific novel component is linked to the flagellar basal body; however, nothing is known about the proteins encoding the collar or their function in any spirochete. To identify a collar protein and determine its function, we employed a comprehensive strategy that included genetic, biochemical, and microscopic analyses. We found that BB0286 (FlbB) is a novel flagellar motor protein, which is located around the flagellar basal body. Deletion of bb0286 has a profound effect on collar formation, assembly of other flagellar structures, morphology, and motility of the spirochete. Orientation of the flagella toward the cell body is critical for determination of wild‐type spirochete's wave‐like morphology and motility. Here, we provide the first evidence that FlbB is a key determinant of normal orientation of the flagella and collar assembly.
Nystatin and miconazole: pharmacological and clinical evidence regarding interactions with warfarin
Authors: Pemberton MN 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveA retrospective case series published in 2012 concluded that miconazole and nystatin used as topical antifungal drugs appear to interact equally strongly with warfarin. If confirmed, this finding has significant implications for clinical practice. This study evaluates the evidence.Materials and methodsEvidence from the pharmacology literature, the medical literature and the ‘yellow card’ adverse drug reaction surveillance reports was analysed regarding possible interactions of nystatin and miconazole with warfarin.ResultsThere is strong evidence to support the derangement of warfarin anticoagulation by miconazole oral gel in all areas of evidence studied. No postulated mechanism of interaction, no additional published reported cases and no supportive data from adverse drug reports were identified which would corroborate the case for a significant interaction between nystatin and warfarin.ConclusionMiconazole and nystatin used as topical antifungal drugs do not interact equally strongly with warfarin. Miconazole oral gel can clearly interact with warfarin to cause derangement of anticoagulation. Nystatin appears unlikely to interact with warfarin.
OsASR5 enhances drought tolerance through a stomatal closure pathway associated with ABA and H2O2 signalling in rice
Authors: Li Jinjie , Li Yang , Yin Zhigang , Jiang Jihong , Zhang Minghui , Guo Xiao , Ye Zhujia , Zhao Yan , Xiong Haiyan , Zhang Zhanying , Shao Yujie , Jiang Conghui , Zhang Hongliang , An Gynheung , Paek Nam‐Chon , Ali Jauhar , Li Zichao 
Published: July 2016

SummaryDrought is one of the major abiotic stresses that directly implicate plant growth and crop productivity. Although many genes in response to drought stress have been identified, genetic improvement to drought resistance especially in food crops is showing relatively slow progress worldwide. Here, we reported the isolation of abscisic acid, stress and ripening (ASR) genes from upland rice variety, IRAT109 (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica), and demonstrated that overexpression of OsASR5 enhanced osmotic tolerance in Escherichia coli and drought tolerance in Arabidopsis and rice by regulating leaf water status under drought stress conditions. Moreover, overexpression of OsASR5 in rice increased endogenous ABA level and showed hypersensitive to exogenous ABA treatment at both germination and postgermination stages. The production of H2O2, a second messenger for the induction of stomatal closure in response to ABA, was activated in overexpression plants under drought stress conditions, consequently, increased stomatal closure and decreased stomatal conductance. In contrast, the loss‐of‐function mutant, osasr5, showed sensitivity to drought stress with lower relative water content under drought stress conditions. Further studies demonstrated that OsASR5 functioned as chaperone‐like protein and interacted with stress‐related HSP40 and 2OG‐Fe (II) oxygenase domain containing proteins in yeast and plants. Taken together, we suggest that OsASR5 plays multiple roles in response to drought stress by regulating ABA biosynthesis, promoting stomatal closure, as well as acting as chaperone‐like protein that possibly prevents drought stress‐related proteins from inactivation.
Osmoconditioning prevents the onset of microtubular cytoskeleton and activation of cell cycle and is detrimental for germination ofJatropha curcasL. seeds
Authors: de Brito C. D. , Loureiro M. B. , Ribeiro P. R. , Vasconcelos P. C. T. , Fernandez L. G. , de Castro R. D. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractJatropha curcasis an oilseed crop renowned for its tolerance to a diverse range of environmental stresses. In Brazil, this species is grown in semiarid regions where crop establishment requires a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying appropriate seed, seedling and plant behaviour under water restriction conditions. In this context, the objective of this study was to investigate the physiological and cytological profiles ofJ. curcasseeds in response to imbibition in water (control) and in polyethylene glycol solution (osmoticum).Seed germinability and reactivation of cell cycle events were assessed by means of different germination parameters and immunohistochemical detection of tubulin and microtubules,i.e. tubulin accumulation and microtubular cytoskeleton configurations in water imbibed seeds (control) and in seeds imbibed in the osmoticum.Immunohistochemical analysis revealed increasing accumulation of tubulin and appearance of microtubular cytoskeleton in seed embryo radicles imbibed in water from 48 h onwards. Mitotic microtubules were only visible in seeds imbibed in water, after radicle protrusion, as an indication of cell cycle reactivation and cell proliferation, with subsequent root development. Imbibition in osmoticum prevented accumulation of microtubules,i.e. activation of cell cycle, therefore germination could not be resumed.Osmoconditioned seeds were able to survive re‐drying and could resume germination after re‐imbibition in water, however, with lower germination performance, possibly due to acquisition of secondary dormancy. This study provides important insights into understanding of the physiological aspects ofJ. curcasseed germination in response to water restriction conditions.
Cumulative and residual effects of different potato cropping system management strategies on soilborne diseases and soil microbial communities over time
Authors: Larkin R. P. , Honeycutt C. W. , Griffin T. S. , Olanya O. M. , He Z. , Halloran J. M. 
Published: July 2016

Soilborne potato diseases and soil microbial community characteristics were evaluated over 8 years in different potato cropping systems designed to address specific management goals of soil conservation, soil improvement and disease suppression. Results were compared to a standard rotation and non‐rotation control in field trials in Maine. Standard rotation consisted of barley underseeded with red clover, followed by potato (2‐year). Soil‐conserving system (SC) featured an additional year of forage grass and reduced tillage (3‐year, barley/timothy–timothy–potato). Soil‐improving system (SI) added yearly compost amendments to SC, and the disease‐suppressive system (DS) featured crops with known disease‐suppressive capability (3‐year, mustard/rapeseed–sudangrass/rye–potato). Systems were established in 2004, evaluated with and without irrigation, and actively managed until 2010, with potato also planted in 2011 and 2012 to examine residual effects. All rotations reduced soilborne diseases black scurf and common scab, and increased yield after one rotation cycle (3 years), but diseases increased overall after two rotation cycles. DS maintained lower soilborne disease levels than all other rotations, as well as high yields, throughout the study. Cropping system effects became more pronounced after multiple cycles. SI system and irrigation both resulted in higher yields, but also higher levels of soilborne disease. Cropping system and irrigation effects were significant even after systems were no longer maintained. Soil microbial community data showed significant changes associated with cropping system, and differences increased over time. Cropping system strategy had significant and lasting effects on soil microbiology and soilborne diseases, and can be used to effectively enhance potato production.
Age‐related risk factors for bacterial aetiology in community‐acquired pneumonia
Authors: Sahuquillo‐Arce José M. , Menéndez Rosario , Méndez Raúl , Amara‐Elori Isabel , Zalacain Rafael , Capelastegui Alberto , Aspa Javier , Borderías Luis , Martín‐Villasclaras Juan J. , Bello Salvador , Alfageme Inmaculada , de Castro Felipe Rodriguez , Rello Jordi , Molinos Luis , Ruiz‐Manzano Juan , Torres Antoni 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of age and comorbidities, smoking and alcohol use on microorganisms in patients with community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP).MethodsA prospective multicentre study was performed with 4304 patients. We compared microbiological results, bacterial aetiology, smoking, alcohol abuse and comorbidities in three age groups: young adults (<45 years), adults (45–64 years) and seniors (>65 years).ResultsBacterial aetiology was identified in 1522 (35.4%) patients. In seniors, liver disease was independently associated with Gram‐negative bacteria (Haemophilus influenzae and Enterobacteriaceae), COPD with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (OR = 2.69 (1.46–4.97)) and Staphylococcus aureus (OR = 2.8 (1.24–6.3)) and neurological diseases with S. aureus. In adults, diabetes mellitus (DM) was a risk factor for Streptococcus pneumoniae and S. aureus, and COPD for H. influenzae (OR = 3.39 (1.06–10.83)). In young adults, DM was associated with S. aureus. Smoking was a risk factor for Legionella pneumophila regardless of age. Alcohol intake was associated with mixed aetiology and Coxiella burnetii in seniors, and with S. pneumoniae in young adults.ConclusionIt should be considered that the bacterial aetiology may differ according to the patient's age, comorbidities, smoking and alcohol abuse. More extensive microbiological testing is warranted in those with risk factors for infrequent microorganisms.
Parathyroid Ultrasonography in Renal Secondary Hyperparathyroidism: An Overlooked and Useful Procedure
Authors: Vulpio Carlo , Bossola Maurizio 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), ultrasonography (US) can accurately define the size and structure of parathyroid glands as well as differentiate diffuse and nodular hyperplasia. US may be also useful to predict the response of SHPT to vitamin D analogs and cinacalcet and to assess for regression of parathyroid glands hyperplasia by measurement of parathyroid gland volume. There is increasing evidence that US can potentially identify patients who will benefit from prompt surgical intervention. Therefore, US should be part of the diagnostic armamentarium in the treatment of SHPT in the daily clinical practice.