bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase in the central amygdala alleviates co‐morbid expression of innate anxiety and excessive alcohol intake
Authors: Stopponi Serena , Fotio Yannick , Domi Ana , Borruto Anna Maria , Natividad Luis , Roberto Marisa , Ciccocioppo Roberto , Cannella Nazzareno 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is an enzyme that prominently degrades the major endocannabinoid N‐arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide). Inhibition of this enzyme leads to increased anandamide levels in brain regions that modulate stress and anxiety. Recently, we found that genetically selected Marchigian Sardinian alcohol‐preferring (msP) rats display hyperactive FAAH in amygdalar regions that was associated with increased stress sensitivity and a hyper‐anxious phenotype. Our previous work has also demonstrated that msPs display an innate preference for and excessive consumption of alcohol, potentially reflecting a form of self‐medication to gain relief from hyper‐anxious states. Here, we expand on our previous work by microinjecting the selective FAAH inhibitor URB597 (vehicle, 0.03, 0.1 and 1.0 μg per rat) into the central amygdala (CeA) and basolateral amygdala in msP versus non‐selected Wistar rats to evaluate the effects of localized FAAH inhibition on operant alcohol self‐administration and restraint‐induced anxiety using the elevated plus maze. Intra‐CeA URB597 significantly reduced alcohol self‐administration in msP but not in Wistar rats. Intra‐basolateral amygdala URB597 also attenuated alcohol drinking in msPs, although the effect was less pronounced relative to CeA treatment. In contrast, control experiments administering URB597 into the ventral tegmental area produced no genotypic differences in drinking. We also found that URB597 treatment in the CeA significantly reduced the anxiogenic effects of restraint stress in msPs, although no effects were detected in Wistars. Dysregulation of FAAH regulated systems in the major output region of the amygdala may drive the propensity for co‐morbid expression of anxiety and excessive alcohol use.
Comparative risks of diabetes‐related complications of basal insulins: a longitudinal population‐based cohort of type 1 diabetes 1999–2013 in Taiwan
Authors: Ou Huang‐Tz , Lee Tsung‐Ying , Du Ye‐Fong , Li Chung‐Yi 
Published: October 2017

AimWe compared the effects of two types of basal insulin: long‐acting insulin analogues vs. intermediate/long‐acting human insulin, on diabetes‐related complications in type 1 diabetes.MethodsA total of 1188 patients with type 1 diabetes who had recently started on long‐acting insulin analogues or intermediate/long‐acting human insulin were identified in 2004–2008 and followed until death or the end of 2013. Clinical outcomes included acute (i.e. hyperglycaemia, hypoglycaemia) and chronic (i.e. nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, cardiovascular diseases) complications. Diabetes‐related complications were measured as a composite outcome which included acute and chronic complications. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the time to event hazard ratio. Three propensity score (PS) methods were applied to adjust for baseline imbalances between basal insulin groups, including the PS‐matching approach (as the main analysis), standardized mortality ratio weighting (SMRW) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW).ResultsLong‐acting insulin analogues vs. intermediate/long‐acting human insulin had a lower risk for a composite of diabetes‐related complications {adjusted hazards ratios [aHRs] [95% confidence interval (CI)] 0.782 [0.639, 0.956], 0.743 [0.598, 0.924] and 0.699 [0.577, 0.846] according to the PS‐matching approach, SMRW and IPTW, respectively}. Compared with intermediate/long‐acting human insulin, using long‐acting insulin analogues had a lower hypoglycaemia risk: aHRs (95% CI) 0.681 (0.498, 0.930), 0.662 (0.466, 0.943) and 0.639 (0.471, 0.867) from the PS‐matching approach, SMRW and IPTW, respectively. No statistical differences were found between two types of insulin on individual chronic complications.ConclusionA trend of lower diabetes‐related complications associated with long‐acting insulin analogues vs. intermediate/long‐acting human insulin was observed. A reduced hypoglycaemia risk with long‐acting insulin analogues was confirmed in this ‘real‐world’ study.
Bar versus ball attachments for implant‐supported overdentures in complete edentulism: A systematic review
Authors: Anas El‐Wegoud Marwah , Fayyad Ahmed , Kaddah Amal , Nabhan Ashraf 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundImplant‐supported overdenture is one of the most predictable treatment options used in complete edentulism. However, differences have been reported between bar and ball attachments used to retain overdentures in terms of patient satisfaction and prosthesis retention.PurposeThe purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of bar and ball attachments for conventionally loaded implant‐supported overdentures in completely edentulous patients to improve patient satisfaction and prosthesis retention.Materials and methodsWe conducted the review according to the Cochrane methods and following MECIR standards. We searched Cochrane Oral Health Group Trial register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, and the WHO ICTRP (March 31, 2017). Two review authors assessed trials for inclusion and risk of bias, extracted data, and checked for accuracy. We have expressed results as risk ratio or mean differences, together with their 95% confidence intervals.ResultsWe included 10 trials (465 participants). After 5 y, one trial reported higher patient satisfaction when bar attachment was used (MD 1.30, 95% CI 0.20–2.40), and reported no difference between both systems in prosthesis retention (MD −0.90, 95% CI −1.90 to 0.10). Two trials reported no implant failures after 1 and 5 y in both attachments. Downgrading of evidence was based on the unclear risk of bias of included studies and the wide CI crossing the line of no effect.ConclusionsThere is insufficient evidence to support bar or ball attachment to be used with implant‐supported overdentures in completely edentulous patients to improve patient satisfaction and prosthesis retention (PROSPERO 2014:CRD42014014594).
Effects of modified abutment characteristics on peri‐implant soft tissue health: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sanz‐Martín Ignacio , Sanz‐Sánchez Ignacio , Carrillo de Albornoz Ana , Figuero Elena , Sanz Mariano 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the impact of the abutment characteristics on peri‐implant tissue health and to identify the most suitable material and surface characteristics.MethodsA protocol was developed aimed to answer the following focused question: “Which is the effect of the modification of the abutment design in regard to the maintenance of the peri‐implant soft tissue health?” Further subanalysis aimed to investigate the impact of the abutment material, macroscopic design, surface topography and surface manipulation. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with a follow‐up of at least 6 months after implant loading were considered as inclusion criteria. Meta‐analyses were performed whenever possible.ResultsNineteen final publications from thirteen investigations were included. The results from the meta‐analysis indicated that zirconia abutments (Zi) experienced less increase in BOP values over time [n = 3; WMD = −26.96; 95% CI (−45.00; −8.92); p = .003] and less plaque accumulation [n = 1; MD = −20.00; 95% CI (−41.47; 1.47); p = .068] when compared with titanium abutments (Ti). Bone loss was influenced by the method of abutment decontamination [n = 1; MD = −0.44; 95% CI (−0.65; −0.23); p < .001]. The rest of the studied outcomes did not show statistically significant differences.ConclusionsThe macroscopic design, the surface topography and the manipulation of the implant abutment did not have a significant influence on peri‐implant inflammation. In contrast, the abutment material demonstrated increased BOP values over time for Ti when compared to Zi abutments.
See and be seen: Infant–caregiver social looking during locomotor free play
Authors: Franchak John M. , Kretch Kari S. , Adolph Karen E. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFace‐to‐face interaction between infants and their caregivers is a mainstay of developmental research. However, common laboratory paradigms for studying dyadic interaction oversimplify the act of looking at the partner's face by seating infants and caregivers face to face in stationary positions. In less constrained conditions when both partners are freely mobile, infants and caregivers must move their heads and bodies to look at each other. We hypothesized that face looking and mutual gaze for each member of the dyad would decrease with increased motor costs of looking. To test this hypothesis, 12‐month‐old crawling and walking infants and their parents wore head‐mounted eye trackers to record eye movements of each member of the dyad during locomotor free play in a large toy‐filled playroom. Findings revealed that increased motor costs decreased face looking and mutual gaze: Each partner looked less at the other's face when their own posture or the other's posture required more motor effort to gain visual access to the other's face. Caregivers mirrored infants' posture by spending more time down on the ground when infants were prone, perhaps to facilitate face looking. Infants looked more at toys than at their caregiver's face, but caregivers looked at their infant's face and at toys in equal amounts. Furthermore, infants looked less at toys and faces compared to studies that used stationary tasks, suggesting that the attentional demands differ in an unconstrained locomotor task. Taken together, findings indicate that ever‐changing motor constraints affect real‐life social looking.
A solanum beetle on a fabaceous weed: Host plant generalization and specialization are two sides of the same coin
Authors: Ueno Hideki , Fujiyama Naoyuki , Kahono Sih , Hartini Sri , de Jong Peter W. , Katakura Haruo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractInvestigations of the ongoing evolutionary change of host specificity, especially of that in the initial phase, contribute largely to our understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the diversification of phytophagous insects. However, empirical studies of this aspect in natural systems are very scanty. In the present study, we document the evolutionary change of the degree of adaptation to an introduced legume centro by adults and larvae of the herbivorous ladybird beetle Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (Fabricius), which depends normally on various solanaceous plants. Results obtained through experiments conducted in seven successive years revealed a fluctuating degree of adaptation, but with a gradual increase, to centro by H. vigintioctopunctata, showing a tendency towards host plant generalization. Of particular importance, our results suggest that both host plant specialization and generalization are possible evolutionary outcomes of a dynamic initial phase of ongoing host range expansion. In addition, results of quantitative genetic analyses on larval development and other circumstantial evidence suggested that the evolutionary trajectories to specialization/generalization are largely determined by ecological conditions rather than by the insects' intrinsic genetic architecture. We also discuss some special aspects of acquisition of, and adaptation to, novel hosts by H. vigintioctopunctata and other herbivorous beetles, of which adults also feed on plant leaves.
Contribution to the knowledge of the adult feeding of Nemouroidea stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera)
Authors: Rúa Jacobo , Tierno De Figueroa José Manuel , Garrido Josefina 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe feeding habits of 17 species of Nemouroidea stoneflies (belonging to the families Nemouridae, Leuctridae and Capniidae) from the north‐western Iberian Peninsula are described and quantified by means of gut content analyses. As a whole, fungi, followed by pollen (both from angiosperm and, in a lesser degree, Pinaceae), leaf fragments (CPOM), detritus and, more punctually, lichens and animal matter are the most common items found in their guts. Nevertheless, variations among species were observed. For a species with a flight period that extends throughout the year, Protonemura globosa, variations in the diet were noticed among seasons, with pollen being more important during the spring and summer period. Together with a few previous studies, the present one reaffirms that feeding is an important aspect of the adult life in males and females of Nemouroidea.
Intra‐specific variability in Rhinoleucophenga punctulata populations (Diptera: Drosophilidae) from Neotropical biomes: Combined analyses of morphological and molecular data
Authors: Poppe Jean Lucas , Deprá Maríndia , Schmitz Hermes José , Valente Vera Lúcia da Silva 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDespite the fact that Drosophilidae is a very diverse and well‐studied taxon, the New World genus Rhinoleucophenga is yet poorly understood even in regard to species distribution and morphological variability pattern. In this sense, R. punctulata is a species widely distributed in the Neotropical region. Specimens of R. punctulata were collected from different biomes in Brazil: Pampa, Cerrado and Caatinga sensu strictu, and a southern Amazonian savannah enclave area. Geographical variations in the external body morphology and in the morphology of spermatheca were noticed among the different populations. The hypothesis that each population could be a different species was tested through molecular data. A fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxydase subunit I (COI) gene was sequenced to perform phylogenetic analyses through neighbor‐joining and Bayesian inferences. Pairwise genetic divergences of COI sequences were calculated using DNA barcode premises. The analyzed populations presented different variation levels in both morphology and molecular traits. However, new species were not proposed because the intra‐population nucleotide variations exceeded the inter‐population ones. The noticeable morphological and genetic variations revealed among the four studied populations of R. punctulata in different biomes of Brazil suggest the necessity that morphological, distributional and molecular data at the population level should be integrated into complementary datasets to better understand the biological diversity of Rhinoleucophenga through Neotropical environments.
Updating the knowledge of assassin bug cockroaches (Blattodea: Blaberidae:ParanauphoetaBrunner von Wattenwyl): Species from China and taxonomic changes
Authors: Li Xin‐Ran , Wang Zong‐Qing 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe investigation into the cockroach genusParanauphoetaBrunner von Wattenwyl is insufficient, and there is a lack of taxonomic documentation of this genus from China. Recently, the authors obtained some newly collected specimens which facilitated this study. In this paper the generalized morphology ofParanauphoetais interpreted in detail, particularly for the male phallic complex, which is illustrated as a whole rather than in pieces. The taxonomy ofParanauphoetaspecies from China is revised. One out of four species recorded from China,P. indicaSaussure & Zehntner, is removed; instead,P. kirbynom. nov.is recorded from China. Together with three new species described in this paper, namely,P. anulatasp. nov.,P. brachypterasp. nov.andP. lineolasp. nov., a total of sevenParanauphoetaspecies are now known to occur in China, whose habitus photos are provided. The new species confirm that this genus is wing‐polymorphic. Male structures, if available, are illustrated. Female structures and oothecae, of which knowledge is limited in this genus and also in cockroach taxonomy, are illustrated or documented, respectively. A key to and a distribution map of theParanauphoetaspecies from China are provided. In addition,P. atraShelfordnom. rev.,P. sinicaBey‐Bienkostat. nov.andP. vietnamensisAnisyutkinstat. nov.are regarded as valid separate species.
First record of the host plant and larvae of Pachyrhynchus sonani (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on Lanyu Island, Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Chen‐Fu , Tseng Hui‐Yun , Hsiao Yun , Ko Chiun‐Cheng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPachyrhynchus sonani Kôno, 1930, a legally protected species in Taiwan, is endemic to Lanyu Island (Orchid Island) and Ludao Island (Green Island). Because of its unclear life history, the host and immature stages of this species in the wild have not so far been recorded. On Lanyu Island, we recently identified Barringtonia asiatica as a host plant of P. sonani, with several larvae feeding on its xylem. Herein, we describe its biology and the habitat surrounding the host plant.
Prey‐dependent benefits of sown wildflower strips on solitary wasps in agroecosystems
Authors: Hoffmann Uta Sophie , Jauker Frank , Lanzen Jonathan , Warzecha Daniela , Wolters Volkmar , Diekötter Tim 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Sown wildflower strips can support insects that collect pollen for their larvae. How these strips affect flower visitors with carnivorous larvae, however, is almost unknown. We studied the impact of wildflower strips and their surroundings on two common solitary wasps: the caterpillar‐hunting Ancistrocerus nigricornis Curtis and the spider‐hunting Trypoxylon figulus Linnaeus.

Trap‐nest locations at 22 semi‐natural habitats in central Germany formed independent gradients in landscape complexity and distance to either one or several wildflower strips in their surroundings. For each brood cell, we recorded the number of prey items, total caterpillar weight and spider species richness.

Ancistrocerus nigricornis built more cells in proximity to wildflower strips and with increasing amount of surrounding grassland. Fewer prey items provided in landscapes with large shares of semi‐natural habitats suggest that in these landscapes high‐quality prey is available. In contrast, T. figulus built more cells with increasing distance of nests to wildflower strips. If there were few strips, T. figulus built more cells in grassland‐rich landscapes, whereas low shares of grassland were compensated when several wildflower strips were present. Benefits of flowering strips for T. figulus seem related to flower resources for adults, rather than through prey provisioning.

In conclusion, wildflower strips promote prey‐hunting wasps through species‐specific effects on adult and larval food provisioning. Considering the differential effects of wasps on crop pests (caterpillars) and natural enemies (spiders), the functional role of wildflower strips in agroecosystems may be much greater than assumed when solely focusing on pollination.
Clinical effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of nurse‐led care in Chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A randomized trial comparing with rheumatologist‐led care
Authors: Wang Junru , Zou Xiulan , Cong Ling , Liu Huina 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackground and aimThe concept of nurse‐led care (NLC) was not familiar in China. This study was designed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of NLC versus rheumatologist‐led care (RLC) in Chinese patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsPatients of either gender (aged ≥18 years) with RA were enrolled at Wenhai Central Hospital, China (January 2015 to December 2015). The participants were then randomized to NLC or RLC. Outcomes of both the groups were compared in terms of effectiveness by measuring the Disease Activity Score 28, visual analogue scores pertaining to pain and fatigue, and duration of morning stiffness. Costs associated with resource use for RA were assessed and compared between both groups.ResultsA total of 214 RA patients in 2 groups (n = 107 in each group) were enrolled and analysed. Improvements in clinical outcomes (disease activity, pain, fatigue, and morning stiffness) over 12 months were significantly greater in the NLC group compared to RLC (P < 0.001). Overall, costs associated with resource use were higher in the RLC group compared to the NLC group (P < 0.05).ConclusionsOur preliminary finding suggested that RA patients managed by NLC compared to RLC may have better clinical outcomes and more cost‐effective care in China.
Practical strategies and perceptions from community pharmacists following their experiences with conducting pharmacy practice research: a qualitative content analysis
Authors: De Vera Mary A , Campbell Natasha K J , Chhina Harpreet , Galo Jessica S , Marra Carlo 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Objectives
While prior research identified barriers to conducting research in community pharmacies, there remains a need to better understand facilitators to ensure successful collaborations between academic researchers and pharmacists. Our objective was to determine the experiences and perspectives of community pharmacists who have recently conducted a pharmacy practice-based research study to gain in-depth understanding of challenges as well as facilitators and identify strategies and solutions.

Methods
We conducted a qualitative study involving one-on-one semi-structured telephone interviews with community pharmacists following the completion of a practice-based research study in their pharmacies. Interview transcripts were analysed using inductive content analysis involving open coding, creating categories and abstraction into final themes.

Key findings
Eleven pharmacists participated in the qualitative interviews. We identified six major themes including: (1) barriers (e.g. time constraints); (2) facilitators (e.g. ideal pharmacy layout); (3) support and resources from academic researchers (e.g. helpfulness of training, easy-to-use study materials); (4) pharmacist-initiated strategies for conducting research (beyond prior suggestions from researchers); (5) suggestions for future pharmacy practice research; and (6) motivation for conducting pharmacy practice research. These findings informed practical strategies targeted at academic researchers and pharmacists, respectively, to facilitate the conduct of research in community pharmacists across various stages of the research process.

Conclusions
Our study adds to better understanding of community pharmacists' perspectives on conducting research and identifies practical solutions that can be readily implemented by academic researchers and pharmacists participating in research.