bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are your cross‐ethnic friends ethnic and/or national group identifiers? The role of own and perceived cross‐ethnic friend's identities on outgroup attitudes and multiculturalism
Authors: Bagci Sabahat Cigdem , Çelebi Elif 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe investigated how own ethnic and national identities and perceived ethnic and national identities of close cross‐ethnic friends may predict outgroup attitudes and multiculturalism among Turkish (majority status, N = 197) and Kurdish (minority status, N = 80) ethnic group members in Turkey (Mage = 21.12, SD = 2.59, 69.7% females, 30.3% males). Compared with Turkish participants, Kurdish participants were more asymmetrical in rating their cross‐ethnic friend's identities relative to their own, reporting higher ethnic identity, but lower national identity for themselves. Own ethnic identity was negatively associated with attitudes and multiculturalism, whereas own national identity was positively associated with only attitudes. Perceived cross‐ethnic friend's national identity was positively related to both outgroup attitudes and multiculturalism. Shared national identification (high levels of own and friend's national identity) led to most positive outgroup attitudes and highest support for multiculturalism. Findings were discussed in the light of social identity and common ingroup identity models.
It is not quite cricket: Muslim immigrants' accounts of integration into UK society
Authors: Anjum Saliha , McVittie Chris , McKinlay Andrew 
Published: May 2017

AbstractRecent events demonstrate the need for greater understanding of intercultural relations between Muslim minorities and majority of cultures in host societies. We examine British Muslims' descriptions of their experiences of acculturation. Data from interviews with first‐generation Muslims were analysed by using discourse analysis. Participants' descriptions reflect the acculturation possibilities made available in local interactional contexts. Where invited to choose between assimilation and separation, participants provide ‘trouble‐telling’ accounts that detail the difficulties involved. In contexts involving integration, participants account for their own efforts. By contrast, contexts that allow participants to introduce acculturation in their own terms lead to descriptions of acculturation success. Thus, participants' accounts of relations with British culture reflect not simply orientations towards acculturation but rather how acculturation is framed and negotiated in local contexts: The success or failure of intercultural relations reflects as much how the issues are presented as they do immigrants' acceptance or non‐acceptance of British culture.
Social identity and health at mass gatherings
Authors: Hopkins Nick , Reicher Stephen David 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIdentifying with a group can bring benefits to physical and psychological health. These benefits can be found with both small‐scale and large‐scale social groups. However, groups can also be associated with health risks: A distinct branch of medicine (‘Mass Gathering Medicine’) has evolved to address the health risks posed by participating in events characterised by large crowds. We argue that emphasising either the positive or the negative health consequences of group life is one‐sided: Both positive and negative effects on health can occur (simultaneously). Moreover, both such effects can have their roots in the same social psychological transformations associated with a group‐based social identification. Reviewing evidence from across a range of mass gatherings, we offer a conceptual analysis of such mixed effects. Our account shows (i) how social identity analyses can enrich mass gathering medicine and (ii) how social identity analyses of health can be enriched by examining mass gatherings.
Social identity, self‐esteem, and mental health in autism
Authors: Cooper Kate , Smith Laura G. E. , Russell Ailsa 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe investigated Autism social identity and mental health in autistic people. Autistic people have social and communication deficits, and experience social stigma—factors that could interfere with the development of positive social identity. Indeed, autistic participants (N = 272) had significantly lower personal self‐esteem, and higher levels of depression and anxiety than typically developing controls (N = 267). Autism social identification was positively associated with personal self‐esteem, and this relationship was mediated by collective self‐esteem (perceived positivity of Autism identity). Furthermore, there were significant negative indirect effects between Autism identification and anxiety, and between Autism identification and depression, through increases in collective self‐esteem and personal self‐esteem. Thus, while autistic participants reported poorer mental health than average, having a positive Autism social identity appeared to offer a protective mechanism. This implies that to improve mental health in the Autism population, clinical approaches should aim to facilitate development of positive Autism identities.
Will we be harmed, will it be severe, can we protect ourselves? Threat appraisals predict collective angst (and its consequences)
Authors: Tabri Nassim , Wohl Michael J. A. , Caouette Julie 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAcross four studies, we applied the cognitive model of anxiety to explicate the appraisals that elicit collective angst (i.e., concern for the in‐group's future vitality). In Study 1a, consistent with the model, Québécois experienced collective angst when they appraised the following: (1) a threat as likely to harm their group, (2) a threat as severely harming their group, and (3) Québécois as not having efficacy to protect their group. In Study 1b, results were replicated in the context of the realistic threat that Islamic extremists pose to Christian‐Lebanese. In Studies 2a and 2b, we manipulated the three appraisals and found a similar pattern of results in the context of a potential terrorist attack on American soil by Islamic extremists. Importantly, collective angst mediated the threat appraisal effect on (non‐Muslim) Americans' prejudice towards Muslims. The utility of the appraisal model for regulating collective angst (and thus its consequences) is discussed.
Effects of movement speed and predictability in human–robot collaboration
Authors: Koppenborg Markus , Nickel Peter , Naber Birgit , Lungfiel Andy , Huelke Michael 
Published: May 2017

AbstractHuman–robot collaboration (HRC) is characterized by a spatiotemporal overlap between the workspaces of the human and the robot and has become a viable option in manufacturing and other industries. However, for companies considering employing HRC it remains unclear how best to configure such a setup, because empirical evidence on human factors requirements remains inconclusive. As robots execute movements at high levels of automation, they adapt their speed and movement path to situational demands. This study therefore experimentally investigated the effects of movement speed and path predictability of an industrial collaborating robot on the human operator. Participants completed tasks together with a robot in an industrial workplace simulated in virtual reality. A lower level of predictability was associated with a loss in task performance, while faster movements resulted in higher‐rated values for task load and anxiety, indicating demands on the operator exceeding the optimum. Implications for productivity and safety and possible advancements in HRC workplaces are discussed.
Effect of Surgery Versus Observation: Skeletal 5-Year Outcomes in a Randomized Trial of Patients With Primary HPT (the SIPH Study)
Authors: Lundstam Karolina , Heck Ansgar , Godang Kristin , Mollerup Charlotte , Baranowski Marek , Pernow Ylva , Aas Turid , Hessman Ola , Rosén Thord , Nordenström Jörgen , Jansson Svante , Hellström Mikael , Bollerslev Jens ,   on behalf of the SIPH Study Group
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Mild primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is known to affect the skeleton, even though patients usually are asymptomatic. Treatment strategies have been widely discussed. However, long-term randomized studies comparing parathyroidectomy to observation are lacking. The objective was to study the effect of parathyroidectomy (PTX) compared with observation (OBS) on bone mineral density (BMD) in g/cm2 and T-scores and on biochemical markers of bone turnover (P1NP and CTX-1) in a prospective randomized controlled study of patients with mild PHPT after 5 years of follow-up. Of 191 patients with mild PHPT randomized to either PTX or OBS, 145 patients remained for analysis after 5 years (110 with validated DXA scans). A significant decrease in P1NP (p &lt; 0.001) and CTX-1 (p &lt; 0.001) was found in the PTX group only. A significant positive treatment effect of surgery compared with observation on BMD (g/cm2) was found for the lumbar spine (LS) (p = 0.011), the femoral neck (FN) (p &lt; 0.001), the ultradistal radius (UDR) (p = 0.042), and for the total body (TB) (p &lt; 0.001) but not for the radius 33% (Rad33), where BMD decreased significantly also in the PTX group (p = 0.012). However, compared with baseline values, there was no significant BMD increase in the PTX group, except for the lumbar spine. In the OBS group, there was a significant decrease in BMD (g/cm2) for all compartments (FN, p &lt; 0.001; Rad33, p = 0.001; UDR, p = 0.006; TB, p &lt; 0.001) with the exception of the LS, where BMD was stable. In conclusion, parathyroidectomy improves BMD and observation leads to a small but statistically significant decrease in BMD after 5 years. Thus, bone health appears to be a clinical concern with long-term observation in patients with mild PHPT. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
MicroRNA‐328 is involved in the effect of selenium on hydrogen peroxide‐induced injury in H9c2 cells
Authors: Zheng Xiaolin , Hu Xiaoyan , Ge Tangdong , Li Mengdi , Shi Minxia , Luo Jincheng , Lai Hehuan , Nie Tingting , Li Fenglan , Li Hui 
Published: May 2017

AbstractOxidative stress induces apoptosis in cardiac cells, and antioxidants attenuate the injury. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are also involved in cell death; therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of miRNAs in the effect of selenium on oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis. The effects of sodium selenite were analyzed via cell viability, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate cell apoptosis. Fura‐2AM was used to calculate intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Sodium selenite could ameliorate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‐induced cell apoptosis and improve expression levels of glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase. Pretreatment with sodium selenite improved SOD activity and reduced MDA concentration. Treatments with H2O2 or sodium selenite decreased miR‐328 levels. MiR‐328 overexpression enhanced cell apoptosis, reduced ATP2A2 levels, and increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration, while inhibition produced opposite effects. MiR‐328 might be involved in the effect of sodium selenite on H2O2‐induced cell death in H9c2 cells.
Recent Advances in CRISPR‐Cas9 Genome Editing Technology for Biological and Biomedical Investigations
Authors: Singh Vijai , Gohil Nisarg , Ramírez García Robert , Braddick Darren , Fofié Christian Kuete 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTThe Type II CRISPR‐Cas9 system is a simple, efficient, and versatile tool for targeted genome editing in a wide range of organisms and cell types. It continues to gain more scientific interest and has established itself as an extremely powerful technology within our synthetic biology toolkit. It works upon a targeted site and generates a double strand breaks that become repaired by either the NHEJ or the HDR pathway, modifying or permanently replacing the genomic target sequences of interest. These can include viral targets, single‐mutation genetic diseases, and multiple‐site corrections for wide scale disease states, offering the potential to manage and cure some of mankind's most persistent biomedical menaces. Here, we present the developing progress and future potential of CRISPR‐Cas9 in biological and biomedical investigations, toward numerous therapeutic, biomedical, and biotechnological applications, as well as some of the challenges within. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 81–94, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Associations of TNF‐α ‐238 A/G and IL‐10 ‐1082 G/A Genetic Polymorphisms With the Risk of NONFH in the Chinese Population
Authors: Wei Biao‐Fang , Feng Zhi , Wei Wei , Chen Xiao 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTThe study aims to explore the roles of common polymorphisms of Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α (TNF‐α) (‐238 A/G and ‐308 A/G) and IL‐10 (‐819 T/C and ‐1082 G/A) genes in the risk of non‐traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (NONFH). One hundred and forty‐seven NONFH patients and 135 healthy individuals were selected as the case and control groups. qRT‐PCR and Western blotting techniques detected mRNA as well as protein expressions of TNF‐α and IL‐10 of each genotype in both the case and control groups. The GA genotype and the A allele of TNF‐α ‐238 A/G were higher in the case group than in the control group. Compared with the control group, AA, GA, and AG + AA genotypes as well as the A allele of IL‐10‐1082 G/A were all lower in the case group. In the case groups increased levels of TNF‐α as well as decreased levels of IL‐10 expression when compared with the control group. TNF‐α expression of TNF‐α‐238 GA genotype was significantly higher than that in patients with GG genotype, while the IL‐10 expression of GA and AA genotypes of IL‐10‐1082 was significantly lower than in that of patients with the GG genotype. TNF‐α protein expression in the GA genotype was significantly higher than in the GG genotype. In relation to TNF‐α ‐238, TNF‐α protein expression of GA and AA genotypes had significantly reduced more so than the GG genotype in IL‐10‐1082. TNF‐α‐238 A/G and IL‐10‐1082 G/A may be involved as risk factors of NONFH. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4872–4880, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Functional and Structural Assessment of the Effect of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Doxorubicin‐Induced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Abd Allah Somia H. , Hussein Samia , Hasan Mai M. , Deraz Raghda H. A. , Hussein Wafaa F. , Sabik Laila M. E. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTCardiomyopathy induced by doxorubicin (DOX) was recognized at an early stage and also several years after drug administration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have many properties that make them suitable for preventive and/or regenerative therapies. In this study, we evaluated the effect of MSCs in the functional and the structural improvement of DOX‐induced cardiomyopathy in rats. Ninety adult male albino rats were randomly divided into three equal groups of thirty rats each: Group I (control): rats received normal saline. Group II (DOX‐ group): rats received DOX. Group III (DOX‐MSCs group): rats received DOX for 2 weeks then human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB‐MSCs). Rats in all groups were evaluated for: physical condition, electrocardiography (ECG), and hemodynamic parameters. Serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and DNA fragmentation on heart tissue isolated DNA were estimated for evaluation of the mechanism and the extent of the damage. Hearts were examined histopathologically for detection of MSCs homing, structural evaluation, with counting of the collagen fibers for evaluation of fibrosis. DOX‐administered rats showed significant functional and structural deterioration. DOX‐MSCs treated rats (group III) showed improved functional and structural criteria with restoration of all biochemical indicators of cardiac damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to normal, as well. In Conclusion, hUCB‐MSCs significantly ameliorated the cardiotoxic manifestations as shown by biochemical, functional, and structural cardiac improvement. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3119–3129, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Neuroprotective Role of MiR‐124‐3p in a 6‐Hydroxydopamine‐Induced Cell Model of Parkinson's Disease via the Regulation of ANAX5
Authors: Dong Rui‐Fang , Zhang Bing , Tai Li‐Wen , Liu Hong‐Mei , Shi Fang‐Kun , Liu Ning‐Ning 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTParkinson's disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. Several pathogenetic factors have been involved in the onset and progression of PD, including inflammation, oxidative stress, unfolded protein accumulation, and apoptosis. Ample evidence indicates that miRNAs could regulate post‐transcriptional gene expression and neuronal disease. In this study, we evaluated the effects and mechanism of miR‐124‐3p on 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA)‐induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells and SH‐SY5Y cells. qRT‐PCR results showed that the level of miR‐124‐3p was downregulated in 6‐OHDA‐treated PC12 and SH‐SY5Y cells, and overexpression of miR‐124‐3p significantly promoted the cell viability of 6‐OHDA‐treated PC12 and SH‐SY5Y cells, whereas miR‐124‐3p inhibitor reversed these effects. In addition, PC12 or SH‐SY5Y cells were treated with miR‐124‐3p mimics or inhibitors following 6‐OHDA administration, which mediated cell apoptosis and downregulation or upregulation of Caspase‐3 activity, respectively. A luciferase reporter assay revealed that annexinA5 (ANXA5) is a direct target gene of miR‐124‐3p, and miR‐124‐3p overexpression markedly downregulated the level of ANXA5. Strikingly, further analysis showed that miR‐124‐3p enhanced the viability of 6‐OHDA‐treated PC12 or SH‐SY5Y cells by targeting ANXA5, which was associated with the stimulation of the ERK pathway. This study revealed that miR‐124‐3p may play a neuroprotective role in PD; this observation may provide new ideas and therapeutic targets for PD. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 269–277, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Transient Arrest of Germinal Vesicle Breakdown Improved In Vitro Development Potential of Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) Oocytes
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Kumar Manish , Dholpuria Sunny , Sarwalia Parul , Batra Vipul , De Sachinandan , Kumar Rakesh , Datta Tirtha Kumar 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTGerminal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) is the first milestone that an oocyte needs to achieve toward completing the maturation and gaining potential to fertilize. Significantly lower in vitro embryo production rate in buffaloes can be attributed to heterogeneity of GVBD occurrence among oocytes obtained from abattoir derived ovaries. Evidence from our earlier work had suggested that different qualities of buffalo oocytes differ significantly in their timing of GVBD. Besides, these oocytes also differ in terms of volume of Akt phosphorylation, which initiates the process of GVBD. With objective of synchronizing the oocytes for GVBD, immature buffalo oocytes were subjected to a two‐step culture protocol, initially in the presence of GVBD inhibitors and subsequently, in vitro maturation (IVM) with added SC79 (activates Akt). Expression of developmentally important genes was assessed along with embryo development rate and blastocyst health to interpret the consequences. Oocytes subjected to a short GVBD inhibition period of 6 h followed by IVM with SC79 resulted in improved cleavage and blastocyst rates. Resultant blastocysts also possessed higher ICM: TE ratio. Further, GVBD inhibited oocytes displayed a sustained cytoplasmic maturation status in terms of reorganization of cortical granules (CGs), mitochondrial membrane potential, and glutathione levels during the period of inhibition. We conclude that a temporary GVBD arrest of buffalo oocytes and modulation of Akt improves the in vitro embryo development rate as well as quality of resultant embryos. Besides, our meiotic arrest protocol does not affect the cytoplasmic maturation. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 278–289, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Integration of optical applicator with balloon catheter for photothermal treatment of biliary stricture
Authors: Bak Jinoh , Hwang Jieun , Park Suhyun , Kang Hyun Wook 
Published: May 2017

Background and ObjectiveBile duct stricture is an uncommon disease in gastroenterology resulting from postoperative trauma. In spite of non‐surgical treatments, clinical outcomes for the biliary strictures still encounter high restenosis and stent migration. The objective of the current study was to investigate the feasible application of a balloon catheter‐integrated diffing applicator to thermally treat the bile duct stricture.Materials and Methods400‐μm optical fibers were micro‐machined and then integrated with an inflatable balloon catheter. The fabricated applicator was tested on porcine bile ducts with 20‐W 980 nm laser light for 60 s, and a thermal camera was used to measure thermal response of the tissue. Due to mechanical pressure, the inflated balloon was able to expand the tissue lumen up to 6 mm in diameter.ResultsCompared to control, the inner area of the treated tissue was increased by four fold (i.e., 2.74±0.05 mm2 for treated vs. 0.73±0.14 mm2 for control) during the balloon catheter‐assisted laser irradiation. The laser‐induced tissue temperature reached up to 80.1±6.4 °C (thermal gradient = 1.2 °C/s). A thin layer of coagulation necrosis (0.5±0.1 mm) consistently formed around the lumen.ConclusionThe proposed balloon catheter‐integrated diffusing applicator can be a feasible minimally invasive device to photothermally treat the obstructive bile ducts. Lasers Surg. Med. 49:781–786, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development of Polyvinyl Alcohol Based High Strength Biocompatible Composite Films
Authors: Sonker Amit Kumar , Teotia Arun Kumar , Kumar Ashok , Nagarale Rajaram Krishna , Verma Vivek 
Published: May 2017

In the present work, the development of high strength biocompatible polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based composite films using citric acid (CA) as a crosslinker and bacterial cellulose nanowhiskers (BCNW) as nanofiller is reported. The interfacial binding between nanoreinforcement (BCNW) and polymer (PVA) is modified by covalently binding them by citric acid. These composite films demonstrate a highest tensile strength of 132 MPa in comparison to PVA (37 MPa). The composite also shows 10‐fold reduction in water swelling percentage and better thermal properties compared to PVA. Hemocompatibility and biocompatibility assays show that the developed high strength composite is nontoxic to blood and is favorable for cell growth. With the aforementioned strength and biocompatibility, the composite for development for bioimplants is proposed.
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Side‐Chain Effects on the Thermoelectric Properties of Fluorene‐Based Copolymers
Authors: Liang Ansheng , Zhou Xiaoyan , Zhou Wenqiao , Wan Tao , Wang Luhai , Pan Chengjun , Wang Lei 
Published: May 2017

Three conjugated polymers with alkyl chains of different lengths are designed and synthesized, and their structure–property relationship as organic thermoelectric materials is systematically elucidated. All three polymers show similar photophysical properties, thermal properties, and mechanical properties; however, their thermoelectric performance is influenced by the length of their side chains. The length of the alkyl chain significantly influences the electrical conductivity of the conjugated polymers, and polymers with a short alkyl chain exhibit better conductivity than those with a long alkyl chain. The length of the alkyl chain has little effect on the Seebeck coefficient. Only a slight increase in the Seebeck coefficient is observed with the increasing length of the alkyl chain. The purpose of this study is to provide comprehensive insight into fine‐tuning the thermoelectric properties of conjugated polymers as a function of side‐chain engineering, thereby providing a novel perspective into the design of high‐performance thermoelectric conjugated polymers.
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