bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of meropenem levels in human serum by high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection
Authors: Roth Thomas , Fiedler Stella , Mihai Sidonia , Parsch Hans 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMeropenem is a β‐lactam broad‐spectrum antibiotic and belongs to the subgroup of carbapenems. It is primarily used in intensive care units for intravenous treatment of severe infections. To avoid bacterial resistance or toxic side effects, the determination of serum meropenem concentration is highly advisable. A simple and fast method for the quantitative determination of meropenem in human serum using high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC/UV) was developed and validated. Meropenem was determined by an isocratic HPLC using a tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane buffer (pH 8.5; 15% methanol) as a mobile phase and UV detection at 300 nm, with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and an analysis time of 10 min. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Kinetex C18 column (5 μm, 150 × 4.6 mm). In order to remove undesired serum components, solid‐phase extraction was used for sample preparation. Since meropenem is not stable in solution, sample and stock solution were stored at −80°C. After preparation, samples were stable at room temperature for at least 6 h. The calibration curve was linear from 3.5 to 200 mg/L with a correlation coefficient r2 of 0.999. The method is accurate with an intra‐ and inter‐assay precision <18.5%.
Ventriloquation and ghostwriting as responses to oppression in therapy
Authors: Simon Gail 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundPeople coming to therapy as part of their recovery from torture may choose not to speak or write about their experiences, yet the process of seeking asylum requires that they must hand over their life stories for a true–false adjudication with potentially life and death consequences. When people have been silenced and speaking has become dangerous, there are major ethical challenges for the activist practitioner who, along with the person who has experienced torture, sees the importance of stories not only being understood and shared in ways which are factual but which contain truth.MethodsI share my experiments with writing as a form of inquiry, specifically ghostwriting and ventriloquation.FindingsThese have the effects of (1) moving the therapeutic process into a collaborative inquiry between the client, an asylum seeker, and me as both counsellor and expert witness; (2) letting fictionalised tellings of ‘real life’ reveal the hidden and complex life stories of clients and counsellors and (3) sharing stories which would otherwise remain hidden and risk perpetuating oppressive practices.Implications for practiceGhostwriting and ventriloquation offer the practitioner‐researcher ways of speaking from a first‐person position, from ‘within’ experience rather than a distanced ‘about‐ness’ position. In this dialogical writing, I use actual and imagined inner and outer voices to enable the sound of talk and thought to be reflexively and empathically heard and felt by readers. Relational ethics are considered in how to imagine the other and manage ownership of stories without reproducing oppressive practices.
Reduction of radiation exposure during complex interventions for chronic total coronary occlusions: Implementing low dose radiation protocols without affecting procedural success rates
Authors: Werner Gerald S. , Glaser Peggy , Coenen Anja , Moehlis Hiller , Tischer Karl‐Heinz , Koch Matthias , Klingenbeck Reinhold 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundThe increasing complexity of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total coronary occlusions (CTO) leads to a significant increase of radiation exposure for both patient and operator.ObjectiveTo study the potential of modified settings of the X‐ray equipment combined with operator protocols to reduce radiation dose despite increasing procedural complexity.Patients and MethodsWe analyzed a consecutive cohort of 984 PCIs for CTOs in 863 patients between January 2010 and July 2015. During that period, the X‐ray equipment was changed from an analog to a digital detector system, and a subsequent filter and imaging modification was implemented. The fluoroscopy settings were reduced from 15 pulses/s to 7.5, and then to 6. The cine framerate was reduced from 15 to 7.5/s. For the last time period, with optimized settings, procedural, and lesion related factors influencing the radiation exposure were analyzed.ResultsThe lesion complexity increased from a J‐CTO score of 1.64 to 2.33 with an increase of retrograde procedures from 21.6 to 50.4%. With a similar fluoroscopy time, the dose area product was reduced from period 1 to 2 by 20%, and further by 7% to period 3. There was a significant reduction of Air Kerma from period 2 to 3 from 3.5 to 2.7 Gy. The operator exposure was reduced by more than half. The patient's weight and the complexity of the procedure were the main determinants of radiation exposure.ConclusionsThe radiation exposure for patient and operator was decreased considerably during the three observation periods despite an increase in lesion and procedural complexity. Rigorous implementation of radiation device settings did reduce radiation exposure without impeding procedural success. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The art of vaginal breech birth at term on all fours
Authors: Wildschut Hajo I. J. , van Belzen‐Slappendel Hinke , Jans Suze 
Published: January 2017

Key Clinical MessageDespite a shift in clinical practice favouring cesarean section for breech presentation, adequate skills are still needed for a safe vaginal breech birth. This case report illustrates the physiological mechanism of vaginal breech birth. The accompanying pictures are a testimony to the “hands‐off” approach and could be used for educational purposes.
Explicit Radial‐Basis‐Function‐Based Finite‐Difference Method for Interfacial Mass‐Transfer Problems
Authors: Falcone Manuel , Marschall Holger 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe development of an efficient and accurate numerical method, able to capture the very thin concentration boundary layer in cases of interfacial mass transfer at fluid interfaces in two‐phase systems, is a challenging task. In this study, a mesh‐less finite‐difference method based on radial basis functions has been adopted. The use of radial basis functions has proven to be helpful in multidimensional problems with complex geometries, in which the use of scattered sets of nodes is preferable. Unlike most of the applications reported in literature, the proposed method has been employed in two‐phase flows, with two regions connected by a surface, i.e., the fluid interface, on which additional boundary conditions have to be fulfilled. Two validation test cases with increasing complexity are presented.
Liquid Mixing Time in Dense Solid‐Liquid Stirred Tanks
Authors: Paglianti Alessandro , Carletti Claudio , Montante Giuseppina 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe liquid mixing time in solid‐liquid systems is difficult to determine by quantitative and non‐intrusive methods, particularly at high solid loadings. Three methods are considered for the post‐processing of raw conductivity data collected by electrical resistance tomography (ERT) in a baffled stirred tank. A novel approach is suggested to overcome the limitations of the section‐averaged conductivity evaluations and the problems associated with the solids disturbances affecting the local conductivity data. The new approach, which is based on the classic post‐processing method devised for the mixing time determination in optically accessible stirred tanks by planar laser‐induced fluorescence, is successfully applied to the ERT data collected either under single‐phase or two‐phase conditions.
Reversible C60 Ejection from a Metallocage through the Redox‐Dependent Binding of a Competitive Guest
Authors: Colomban Cédric , Szalóki György , Allain Magali , Gómez Laura , Goeb Sébastien , Sallé Marc , Costas Miquel , Ribas Xavi 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe reversible encapsulation of a tetrapyridyl extended‐tetrathiafulvalene (exTTF)‐based ligand (m‐Py)exTTF by a tetragonal Zn‐porphyrin‐based prismatic nanocage (1) is described. The reversible uptake and release of the (m‐Py)exTTF guest proceeds through drastic electronic and conformational changes occurring upon oxidation of the latter. This reversible system has been explored in a guest‐exchange process, by addition of (m‐Py)exTTF to the host–guest complex [C60⊂1], leading to fullerene C60 ejection from the host cavity. Remarkably, the subsequent redox‐triggered ejection of (m‐Py)exTTF, leads to the recovery of the empty cage 1, which remains available for further C60 encapsulation. The C60 ejection is justified by the preferable coordination of the pyridine anchors of (m‐Py)exTTF to the two Zn‐porphyrin units of 1. This approach, based on the use of a switchable competitive guest, offers a promising new strategy for guest‐delivery control.
THE VELOCITY DISPERSION AND ATTENUATION OF MARINE HYDRATE‐BEARING SEDIMENTS
Authors: Ru‐Wei ZHANG , Hong‐Qi LI , Peng‐Fei WEN , Bao‐Jin ZHANG 
Published: January 2017

AbstractP‐wave and S‐wave velocity will increase and the attenuation will vary when the concentration of gas hydrate increases. The analysis of velocity dispersion and attenuation for hydrate‐bearing sediments (GHBS) would contribute to the estimate of gas hydrate concentration. Based on effective medium theory (EMT), we study the nonlinear variation feature of P‐wave and S‐wave velocity for marine unconsolidated hydrate‐bearing sediments. Moreover, we use BISQ model to replace Gassmann equation in the EMT, and research the velocity dispersion and attenuation of hydrate‐bearing sediments in the full frequency band. Based on this model, the velocity and attenuation always increase with the increasing amount of gas hydrate, and the rock porosity and clay content doesn't make any differences to the attenuation. After the numeral modeling, we apply the sonic logging (20 kHz) and VSP (100 Hz) data from Ocean drilling Program (ODP) leg 164 in obtaining the concentration of gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ). In the application, the average hydrate concentration of GHSZ from site 995 in ODP leg 164 is about 5%∼7%, and corresponds to the pressure core sample (PCS) data, Helgerud et al.'s research conclusions and the prediction data from neural network (NN). Due to the velocity dispersion, the estimated hydrate concentration from VSP data would be lower than the estimated results from sonic logging data. The prediction results of three hydrate Sites (SH2, SH3 and SH7) from Shenhu area also coincide with the PCS, South China Sea. Moreover, based on the peak frequency method, the effective seismic quality factors (Q) of the BSR are estimated from the inline prestack seismic gathers. The Q‐values suggest that the effective saturation of gas hydrate estimated by this model fluctuates between 15%∼30%. The results of numeral modeling and applications indicate the velocity dispersion and attenuation of GHBS always vary with the concentration of hydrate. The study of velocity dispersion and attenuation feature for GHBS in the full frequency band would contribute to the estimate of gas hydrate concentration.
OPPOSING COILS TRANSIENT ELECTROMAGNETIC METHOD FOR SHALLOW SUBSURFACE DETECTION
Authors: Zhen‐Zhu XI , Xia LONG , Sheng ZHOU , Long HUANG , Gang SONG , Hai‐Tao HOU , Liang WANG 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTransient electromagnetic method (TEM) is a commonly‐used geophysical method of measuring the secondary electromagnetic field induced by transient pulse sources. Because of the inherent mutual‐induction between TX and RX coils, the measured field always contains the mutual‐induction field, which becomes stronger when TX coil becomes smaller and closer to RX coil. It influences the near‐surface TEM systems, which utilize small TX coils to effectively resolve the near surface explorations. The mixture of the mutual‐induction field with the secondary field at early period leads to a blind region in the shallow surface in TEM exploration. To solve this problem, we applied two concentric and parallel current coils in the TEM system. They are opposing coils, which means that the two coils are physically same, but the currents in them are of equal value and in reverse directions. The RX coil is equidistant to the two opposing coils. By means of this special arrangement, the mutual‐induction field received at the RX coil is zero, which means that the mutual induction effect is efficiently eliminated, and pure secondary field of the conductive underground will be measured. It is proved by theory and model calculation that opposing coils transient electromagnetic method has advantages in lateral resolution. It is quite suitable for small coil TEM system aiming at shallow subsurface detection.
GEOPHYSICAL ANALYSIS OF ABNORMAL SEISMIC (OCEANOGRAPHY) REFLECTION CHARACTERISTICS OF OCEANIC BOTTOM BOUNDARY LAYER
Authors: Jiang‐Xin CHEN , Yang BAI , Yong‐Xian GUAN , Sheng‐Xiong YANG , Hai‐Bin SONG , Bo‐Ran LIU 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTraditional seismic oceanography researches dominantly pay attention to the oceanographic phenomena within the water column, such as internal wave, eddy, thermohaline fine structure, water mass boundaries, internal tide, thermohaline staircase, lee wave and so on, and could provide extra information quantitatively and qualitatively as compared with physical oceanography method. So far, very few researches try to study the water column near the seafloor, which is a significant boundary layer where water‐sediment dynamic interaction, cold seepage, hydrothermal vents, biochemical activities and energy dissipation of many oceanic processes may occur. To be different from previous seismic oceanography researches, this paper mainly focuses on seismic reflections of seawater columns near the seafloor, by reprocessing a large amount of seismic sections acquired in the west and north of the South China Sea.In this paper, conventional seismic facies analysis method is used to analyze, classify and summarize the external geometry, internal configuration, continuity, amplitude and apparent frequency of some complex seismic reflections of seawater column near the seafloor. Combined with the past research results of seismic oceanography, theory of bottom boundary layer and other various processes near the seafloor, this article not only classifies the reflection characteristics of meso‐scale eddies, internal solitary wave and Lee wave, but also speculates that some possible processes could result in a few of the newly discovered abnormal seismic reflections. For example, sheet seismic facies unit may reflect turbulent bottom boundary layer; hair‐like reflection configuration can be caused by the sediment resuspension, resulted from the interaction of bottom current and high frequency undulating seafloor, such as sand dunes; plume seismic facies unit indicates the characteristic of seep plume; and broom seismic facies unit could be associated with the upwelling currents and sediment resuspension in pockmarks. Results indicate that seismic oceanography can image not only processes of the ocean water column, such as internal wave and eddy, but also some complex processes near the seafloor, which greatly expands the research field of seismic oceanography and provides a new method and research perspective for the field observation of processes near the seafloor. Here, bottom boundary layer refers to the water column near the seafloor, and we call all the processes of this region “seafloor processes”.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SEISMICITY OF THE XIAOWAN RESERVOIR IN AN AREA OF ACTIVE TECTONICS FROM DOUBLE‐DIFFERENCE RELOCATION ANALYSIS
Authors: Jin‐Zhong JIANG , Hong FU , Qi‐Fu CHEN 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe simultaneously relocate the M ≥ 1.0 earthquakes occurred from July 2005 to December 2014 in Xiaowan reservoir area, which is located in an active tectonic region in the middle and lower section of Lancang Jiang in western Yunnan province of China, using cross‐correlation (CC) and double‐difference (DD) method. The relocated epicenters are distinctly clustered in 8 subareas (subarea A to H), and the earthquakes located inside the Xiaowan reservoir area are generally shallower than that outside of the reservoir area. The relocated focal depths, the relation between the seismicity and water level, and the calculated b values in different subareas indicate that the characteristics of seismicity within Xiaowan reservoir area are quite complicated. The earthquakes occurred outside of the reservoir areas are likely to be tectonic earthquakes irrelevant to water filling of Xiaowan reservoir, and there are both reservoir‐triggered seismicity (RTS) and tectonic earthquake activities in Xiaowan reservoir area. The reservoir‐triggered earthquakes (RTE) are mainly located along the Heihui Jiang (subarea A) and Lancang Jiang (subarea B and C), and could be classified into rapid response RTS. In subarea A, a significant “migration” of hypocenters is observed in the first filling cycle along the Heihui valley and Qiaoxi‐Weihou fault zone, which probably indicates the water permeation process in this area. According to the distribution of active faults, rock properties and relocated focal depths in the reservoir area, we suggest that the karst action and fluid permeation caused by water filling, and fault movements are the key factors of RTS in Xiaowan reservoir. Further studies are needed to better understand the physical process of RTS and tectonic seismicity in some subareas in the reservoir.
Three‐dimensional assessment of impingement risk in geometrically parameterised hips compared with clinical measures
Authors: Cooper Robert J. , Mengoni Marlène , Groves Dawn , Williams Sophie , Bankes Marcus J.K. , Robinson Philip , Jones Alison C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAbnormal bony morphology is a factor implicated in hip joint soft tissue damage and an increased lifetime risk of osteoarthritis. Standard 2‐dimensional radiographic measurements for diagnosis of hip deformities, such as cam deformities on the femoral neck, do not capture the full joint geometry and are not indicative of symptomatic damage.In this study, a 3‐dimensional geometric parameterisation system was developed to capture key variations in the femur and acetabulum of subjects with clinically diagnosed cam deformity. The parameterisation was performed for computed tomography scans of 20 patients (10 female and 10 male). Novel quantitative measures of cam deformity were taken and used to assess differences in morphological deformities between males and females.The parametric surfaces matched the more detailed, segmented hip bone geometry with low fitting error. The quantitative severity measures captured both the size and the position of cams and distinguished between cam and control femurs. The precision of the measures was sufficient to identify differences between subjects that could not be seen with the sole use of 2‐dimensional imaging. In particular, cams were found to be more superiorly located in males than in females.As well as providing a means to distinguish between subjects more clearly, the new geometric hip parameterisation facilitates the flexible and rapid generation of a range of realistic hip geometries including cams. When combined with material property models, these stratified cam shapes can be used for further assessment of the effect of the geometric variation under impingement conditions.
Acid Inhibitory Effect of a Combination of Omeprazole and Sodium Bicarbonate (CDFR0209) Compared With Delayed‐Release Omeprazole 40 mg Alone in Healthy Adult Male Subjects
Authors: Kim Kyu‐Nam , Yang Sung‐Won , Kim Hyunil , Kwak Seong Shin , Kim Young‐Sang , Cho Doo‐Yeoun 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCDFR0209, a combination of an immediate‐release formulation of omeprazole 40 mg and sodium bicarbonate 1100 mg, has been developed to treat acid‐related disorders. We compared the acid inhibitory effects of CDFR0209 and delayed‐release omeprazole (omeprazole‐DR, Losec 40 mg) after repeated dosing in Helicobacter pylori–negative healthy adult male subjects. In this 2‐period crossover study, 30 subjects were randomized to CDFR0209 or omeprazole‐DR daily for 7 days. An ambulatory continuous 24‐hour intragastric pH recording was performed at baseline and on days 1 and 7 of each administration period. Integrated gastric acidity was calculated from time‐weighted average hydrogen ion concentrations at each hour of the 24‐hour record. An analysis of variance model was used to test the pharmacodynamic equivalence of CDFR0209 and omeprazole‐DR, using the natural logarithmic transformation of the percent decrease from baseline in integrated gastric acidity for the 24‐hour interval after the seventh dose of each omeprazole formulation. The geometric least‐squares mean ratios (CDFR0209/omeprazole‐DR) of the percent decrease from baseline in integrated gastric acidity was 0.98 (90%CI, 0.93–1.07). Both CDFR0209 and omeprazole‐DR are equally effective in decreasing integrated gastric acidity at steady state.
Rationalising Heteronuclear Decoupling in Refocussing Applications of Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Frantsuzov Ilya , Vasa Suresh K. , Ernst Matthias , Brown Steven P. , Zorin Vadim , Kentgens Arno P. M. , Hodgkinson Paul 
Published: January 2017

AbstractFactors affecting the performance of 1H heteronuclear decoupling sequences for magic‐angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy of organic solids are explored, as observed by time constants for the decay of nuclear magnetisation under a spin‐echo (
). By using a common protocol over a wide range of experimental conditions, including very high magnetic fields and very high radio‐frequency (RF) nutation rates, decoupling performance is observed to degrade consistently with increasing magnetic field. Inhomogeneity of the RF field is found to have a significant impact on
values, with differences of about 20 % observed between probes with different coil geometries. Increasing RF nutation rates dramatically improve robustness with respect to RF offset, but the performance of phase‐modulated sequences degrades at the very high nutation rates achievable in microcoils as a result of RF transients. The insights gained provide better understanding of the factors limiting decoupling performance under different conditions, and the high values of
observed (which generally exceed previous literature values) provide reference points for experiments involving spin magnetisation refocussing, such as 2D correlation spectra and measuring small spin couplings.