bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of gastric emptying time, gastrointestinal transit time, sedation score, and nausea score associated with intravenous constant rate infusion of lidocaine hydrochloride in clinically normal dogs
Authors: Johnson Rebecca A. , Kierski Katharine R. , Jones Brian G. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify nausea and sedation scores, gastric emptying time, and gastrointestinal transit time after IV administration of a lidocaine hydrochloride bolus followed by a constant rate infusion (CRI) in clinically normal dogs.
ANIMALS 6 Beagles.
PROCEDURES In a crossover study, dogs were fed thirty 1.5-mm barium-impregnated spheres (BIPS) and received a saline (0.9% NaCl) solution bolus (0.05 mL/kg) IV (time 0) followed by a CRI at 10 mL/h, a lidocaine bolus (1 mg/kg) IV followed by a CRI at 25 μg/kg/min, or a lidocaine bolus (1 mg/kg) IV followed by a CRI at 50 μg/kg/min; CRIs were for 12 hours. Nausea and sedation scores were assessed and abdominal radiographs obtained immediately after feeding of BIPS and every hour for 12 hours and again 16 hours after CRI start. Percentage of BIPSs in the small and large intestines, gastric emptying time, and gastrointestinal transit time were assessed.
RESULTS Gastric emptying time did not differ significantly among treatments. Significantly more BIPS were in the large intestine 4 to 7 hours after treatment start for the 50-μg/kg/min treatment than for the other 2 treatments. Six hours after treatment start, significantly more BIPS were in the large intestine for the 25-μg/kg/min treatment than for the saline solution treatment. Higher sedation and nausea scores were associated with the 50-μg/kg/min CRI.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In clinically normal dogs, lidocaine CRI did not significantly affect gastric emptying. However, gastrointestinal transit time was mildly decreased and sedation and nausea scores increased in dogs administered a lidocaine CRI at clinically used doses.
Situs Kesuben: Suatu Bukti Peradaban Hindu-Buddha di Pantai Utara Jawa Tengah.
Authors: Susetyo Sukawati 
Published: April 2017

Sejarah kuno Indonesia mencatat bahwa masa sejarah tertua di Jawa Tengah adalah Kerajaan Matarām Kuno (abad ke-8-10). Pada waktu yang sama di pantai timur Sumatera terdapat Kerajaan Sriwijaya. Di lain pihak, berita Cina menginformasikan bahwa kerajaan di Jawa sudah ada pada abad ke-5, yaitu Ho-ling (She-po). Penelitian mutakhir di pesisir pantai utara Jawa Barat dan timur Sumatera memberikan bukti adanya hubungan antara Indonesia dengan bangsa asing berupa artefak-artefak dari luar negeri, meskipun tidak didukung oleh data prasasti. Hal tersebut memberikan petunjuk untuk mencari bukti awal hubungan dengan bangsa lain di daerah pesisir pantai. Penelitian di pesisir pantai utara Jawa Tengah ini dilakukan dengan survei, ekskavasi, dan wawancara mendalam, metode penulisan menggunakan metode deskriptif komparatif. Penelitian ini berhasil menambahkan data baru berupa temuan candi di Desa Kesuben, Kecamatan Lebaksiu, Kabupaten Tegal, Jawa Tengah.Temuan yang dihasilkan berupa struktur bangunan candi dari bata, antefiks-antefiks, dan arca batu. Hingga saat ini dari penelitian ini belum diketahui latar keagamaan Candi Kesuben karena belum ditemukan artefak yang mendukung. Abstract. The Indonesian Ancient History has recorded that the oldest historical period in Central Java was the period of the Ancient Matarām Kingdom (8th – 10th centuries CE). At the same period there was the kingdom of Srivijaya on the east coast of Sumatera. On the other hand, according to Chinese chronicles, there had been a kingdom in Java in 5th century CE, namely Ho-ling (She-po). Recent investigations along the north coast of West Java and the east coast of Sumatera have yielded evidences of relations between Indonesia and foreign countries in forms of imported artifacts, although this is not supported by inscriptions. This indicates that evidences of international relations have to be searched in coastal areas because it was where the relations began. The research on the north coast of Central Java was carried out in forms of survey, excavation, and thorough interviews, and the writing method is descriptive-comparative. This research has provided new evidence in form of a candi (temple) at Kesuben Village in Lebaksiu District, Tegal Regency, Central Java. The finds include structure of candi made of bricks, antefixes, and stone statues. Unfortunately we have not been able to identify the religious background of the Candi Kesuben (Kesuben Temple) because there has not been any artifact that can support the identification.
Improving Students’ vocabulary Mastery By Using Blended Learning Model in State Polytechnic Padang
Authors: Damaiyanti Muthia , Sari Indah 
Published: April 2017

<p class="IJSSEAAbtract">The research aims at improving the vocabulary mastery of students at Padang’s State Polytechnics for the 2015/2016 academic year by applying a blended learning model. Blended learning is an interactive learning model which combines face-to-face with web-based learning. Vocabulary is a vital sub-skill in mastering a language and thus a suitable topic for a classroom action research (CAR). . The CAR theory applied is by Kemmis, <span style="text-decoration: line-through;">S</span> and McTaggart (2005) and the Blended Learning theory used is by Bersin (2004). The instruments are test, observation, field note and interview. Quantitative data are collected by a test result in which it is used to see how the student’s vocabulary mastery progresses after applying the blended learning model. Qualitative data gathered included observation, field note and interview analyzed descriptively in order to find out the factors affecting student’s vocabulary mastery by implementing blended</p><p> </p><p class="IJSSEAAbtract"> </p>
Persepsi Generasi Muda Terhadap Profesi Pengrajin Batik Tulis di Purbalingga
Authors: Suliyanto Suliyanto , Novandari Weni , Setyawati Sri Murni 
Published: April 2017

<p><em>The aims of this study were to analyze the perception of young generationto the</em><br /><em>profession of batik craftsmen and to analyze the reasons of young generation are reluctant to become batik craftsmen in Purbalingga. The study was conducted in Purbalingga with the younger generation who located in centers of painting batik. The data was collected using in-depth interviews, Focus group discussion (FGD), and questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and nonparametric statistic analysis of binomial test and Cochran test. Based on the result, it can be concluded that perception of young generation to batik craftmen profession as a job are low income job, requires the soul of art, requires persistence, can be done as a side job, no clear career path, providing the freedom of expression, more flexible compared to other jobs, less prestigious, does not require large capital and income uncertainty. The young generations are not willing to become batik craftsmen because of uncertain income, do not have the taste of art, and do not have enough capital.</em></p>
Pendekatan Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Sebagai Alternatif Bagi Bank Indonesia Dalam Menentukan Tingkat Inflasi Di Indonesia
Authors: Akhirson Armaini , Heruseto Brahmantyo 
Published: April 2017

<p><em>In uncertain economic like today, research and modeling the inflation rate is considered necessary to provide estimates and predictions of inflation rates in the future. Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy approach is a combination of Neural Network and Fuzzy Logic. This study aims to describe the movement ofinflation(output variable ) so it can beestimated by observing four Indonesia's macroeconomic data, namely the exchange rate, money supply, interbank interest rates, and the output gap (input variable). Observation period started from the data in 2001<sub>1</sub> to 2011<sub>3</sub>. After the learning process is complete, fuzzy systems generate 45 fuzzy rules that can define the input-output behavior. The results of this study indicate a fairly high degree of accuracy with an average error rate is 0.5315.</em></p>
Analisis Nilai Perusahaan pada Implementasi Program Kepemilikan Saham pada Karyawan/Manajemen
Authors: Aribawa Dwitya 
Published: April 2017

<p><em>This research aims to investigate whether there is a significant difference of Economic Value Added (EVA) before and after Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) or Management Stock Ownership Plan (MSOP) implementation years. It is widely considered that EVA is a complex indicator that also take firms’ risk factor (beta) into consideration. We used firms listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) as the sampling frame with 17 firms as our final sample, representing various industries. After running data normality test, we performed paired sample t-test to test our hypothesis. The results show that the pre- and post- ESOP implementation years have significantly different EVA.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis economic value added (EVA) sebelum dan sesudah implementasi program kepemilikan saham pada karyawan/ manajemen dengan objek penelitian ini adalah perusahaan publik yang menggunakan kebijakan ESOP/MSOP sebagai sarana benefit/incentive berupa pembagian sebagian saham untuk karyawan/ manajemen. Variabel yang digunakan sebagai indikator nilai perusahaan adalah EVA. Nilai EVA dianggap sebagai indikator yang kompleks dan mempertimbangkan faktor resiko (beta) dari perusahaan. Perusahaan yang dianalisis adalah perusahaan yang listing di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Terdapat 17 perusahaan yang layak untuk dilakukan analisis berdasarkan kriteria yang ditentukan peneliti. Pengumpulan dan data dianalisis secara pooling, hal ini melihat dari tidak dibedakannya perusahaan berdasarkan industri (multi industri). Paired sample test digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis pada penelitian dan sebelumnya dilakukan uji normalitas data. Hasil analisis bahwa hasil perbandingan rata-rata EVA sebelum dan sesudah implementasi program kepemilikan saham pada karyawan/manajemen terdapat perbedaan yag signifikan.<em><br /></em></p>
Puerperal Morbidities After Delivery in a Tertiary Care Referral Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Malla Rosy , Manandhar Reeta 
Published: April 2017

Introduction: : In a developing country like Nepal maternal morbidity in the post partum period is a major healthcare concern. This study aims to analyze the maternal morbidities in women following delivery at Shree Birendra Hospital.Methods: This is a prospective, observational, hospital based study, carried out at Shree Birendra Hospital from 13th August 2012 to 13th Feb 2016. Women who underwent delivery in Shree Birendra Hospital with subsequent morbidities within the study period were included in this study. The variables considered in this study were pattern of postpartum morbidities, age, parity, mode of delivery and average duration of hospital stay.Results: During the study period, a total number of 3407 deliveries were conducted in Shree Birendra Army Hospital. Out of these, 54 patients (1.58%) had postpartum morbidities. Puerperal sepsis was the most frequent diagnosis seen in 18 patients (33.3%), followed by surgical wound infection in 14 (25.9%) and secondary postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in 10 (18.5%).Conclusion: Puerperal sepsis remains the most common cause of postpartum morbidity.
Les faits divers dans le Diario fiorentino de Luca Landucci
Authors: Schuller Michelle 
Published: April 2017

I faits divers nel Diario fiorentino di Luca Landucci
Il Diario fiorentino di Luca Landucci (1437-1516) — «speziale al Canto dei Tornaquinci» — è un'opera singolare, tra le grandi cronache medievali e i «Libri di famiglia» dei mercanti fiorentini, e costituisce una fonte d'informazioni di prima importanza sulla storia di Firenze dal tempo dei primi Medici alla battaglia di Marignano, soprattutto per quanto riguarda la vicenda di Savonarola. L'originalità di Landucci è che, oltre a questi grandi eventi storici, egli registra numerosi «fatti di cronaca», fenomeni naturali (temporali, terremoti, ecc., e nascite di mostri) come gli altri cronisti della stessa epoca, ma anche molti fatti di «cronaca nera» (assassini, stupri, rapine, suicidi, ecc.), che prendono semplicemente posto nell'ordine cronologico, unica struttura del testo. La tipologia di questi mirabilia che hanno sempre colpito gli uomini potrebbe trovare una lontanissima ed anacronistica similitudine con i faits divers odierni. Ma il loro interesse sta, soprattutto, nel modo con cui vengono narrati, che rivela alcuni aspetti della società fiorentina del tempo, e i suoi valori morali. Questi fatti straordinari, eccessivi, urtano le menti perché sono trasgressivi, rompono sia l'ordine della natura, sia l'ordine sociale. Richiedono quindi un'interpretazione : i fenomeni naturali sono letti come manifestazioni della giustizia divina ; gli atti umani devono essere sottomessi alla giustizia umana, perciò sono sempre inseriti nel discorso della giustizia e nella descrizione del castigo ; è da notare che gli atti di profanazione scandalizzano più di tutti gli altri. La narrazione di tali eventi, di cui per la più parte l'autore è stato testimone di persona, rivela una società violentissima, e anche profondamente impregnata dalla religione, dal timore, in un'epoca così turbata, di un Dio spietato. Landucci non ha, certo, una riflessione filosofica sulla storia, ci porta solo la testimonianza di un cittadino come gli altri. Il suo Diario costituisce una preziosa raccolta di momenti della vita della gente comune.
L'ordinaire et l'impondérable dans la «nuova poesia» de Cesare Viviani
Authors: Gatti Laura 
Published: April 2017

L'ordinario e l'imponderabile nella «nuova poesia » di Cesare Viviani
Negli anni Novanta Cesare Viviani pubblica due raccolte poetiche (Preghiera del nome, 1990 e L'opera lasciata sola, 1993) in cui la presenza di forze destabilizzanti, estranee e imponderabili minaccia il quotidiano e fa affiorare sulla pagina un'idea di fait divers come accidente inspiegabile e straordinario che sfugge alla comprensione umana. Il confronto con l'indicibile si riflette in un linguaggio che rompe la coerenza stessa del discorso.
La relazione analizza le dicotomie ordinario / inesplicabile, quotidiano / acci¬ dentale, nome / indicibile, nel quadro di una scrittura che risente dell'influsso della neoavanguardia ma riesce ad andare oltre.
«La vita copia dall'arte»
Authors: Giannetti-Karsenti Valeria 
Published: April 2017

«La vita copia dall'arte». Il fait divers ne Il fu Mattia Pascal
I «casi strani e diversi» messi in scena da Pirandello hanno sovente tutte le caratteristiche del fait divers : si producono a capriccio, senza ordine apparente, quando un evento improvviso e imprevedibile sopravviene a «contrariare» la vita. Convinto che la narrazione non può che nascere dai «fatti», dalla «realtà vera», Pirandello fa del fait divers la forma moderna del «documento umano» ; un documento nel quale si accusa lo scacco delle teorie sull'arte elaborate dalla «metafisica del positivismo». Se il romanzo non è più che racconto di eventi dal carattere anarchico, imponderabile, è proprio in quanto esso non ha potuto convertirsi in scienza del fatto umano. Il fu Mattia Pascal è in questa prospettiva opera paradigmatica. Il fait divers all'origine del racconto non si lascia analizzare come effetto di fattori o leggi determinate ; esso si rivela piuttosto espressione del «conflitto degli elementi», del «caos organico e naturale». Non governata né regolata, la vita, come la scrittura, non «conclude».
Storia di Michele Padovani, dimesso dal manicomio di Venezia il giorno della rivoluzione del Quarantotto
Authors: Brunello Piero 
Published: April 2017

Histoire de Michele Padovani relâché de l'asile de Venise le jour de la révolution de 1848
Les biographes de Daniele Manin connaissent bien l'histoire de Michele Padovani, un modeste tailleur originaire de la province de Rovigo. Parce que l'avocat Daniele Manin, qui allait prendre, l'année suivante, la tête de la révolution vénitienne, lança en 1847 une protestation publique auprès de la police autrichienne à propos du sort de Padovani, interné depuis 1844 dans l'asile de Venise, sur l'île de San Servolo.
Padovani avait été enfermé car il avait affiché place Saint-Marc des placards contre l'Empereur. Ce n'était pas la première fois qu'il était interné ; cela s'était produit quelques années auparavant, pour des raisons semblables : il protestait alors «contre le système présent». Dans les deux cas, les autorités avaient hésité entre l'enfermement en hôpital, en asile, ou dans une prison.
Padovani fut relâché le 22 mars 1848, exactement le jour où éclata la révolution qui parvint à chasser les Autrichiens de Venise. Alors qu'il était transféré sur une barque de l'île de San Servolo au centre ville, les emblèmes et les insignes de l'Empire étaient enlevés des portes et des murs des maisons, et jetés dans les canaux. Autrement dit, on faisait bien pire que ce que Padovani avait commis en 1844. Et personne n'était inquiété à cause de cela. Au contraire, il n'y avait aucun garde dans les rues, les hommes s'embrassaient et partout résonnaient les chansons et les «viva» pour l'Italie, Pie IX, la République et Saint Marc.
Est-ce que ce qui arriva à Michele Padovani fait partie de l'histoire de 1848 ? Les chroniques de la révolution n'enregistrent pas son départ de l'asile. Et pourtant ses vicissitudes sont étroitement liées aux événements de 1848, car elles montrent l'espace de la révolution : les contextes dans lesquels liberté et fraternité pouvaient se manifester et ceux dans lesquels, au contraire, elles ne pouvaient pas pénétrer.
Fragments d'un discours politique
Authors: Tosatti Ada 
Published: April 2017

Frammenti d'un discorso politico. La violenza illustrata di Nanni Balestrini
Interamente costruito attraverso il collage di testi preesistenti, secondo una pratica ricorrente di Nanni Balestrini fin dall'epoca neo-avanguardista, il romanzo La violenza illustrata (1976) si fonda su una poetica che mira a svelare, tramite il riuso metalinguistico di frammenti d'articoli di giornale, la valenza ideologica e l'apparente neutralità del linguaggio della comunicazione. Nel corso del romanzo, utilizzando come materiale di partenza il linguaggio giornalistico, Balestrini illustra svariati episodi di quella violenza politica o sociale che nel decennio Settanta esplodeva nelle fabbriche e nelle piazze, e costruisce un percorso che legittima la violenza rivoluzionaria come risposta alla violenza del sistema capitalistico. Partendo dalla celebre definizione del «fatto di cronaca» data da Roland Barthes, ci siamo soffermati in particolare su due capitoli del romanzo il cui contenuto è ascrivibile a questa categoria. Si è trattato di dimostrare come, tramite l'utilizzo di tecniche letterarie di scomposizione e ripetizione, Balestrini non solo perviene a mettere a nudo la «violenza simbolica» — per dirla con Pierre Bourdieu — che permea il linguaggio mediatico, obbligando il lettore a costituirsi in soggetto critico rispetto all'informazione, ma dà riprova del fatto che anche i «fatti di cronaca» possono essere interpretati come frammenti d'un discorso politico.
Bilinguisme et sociétés bilingues [Bilingualism and bilingual societies]
Authors: Garmadi Salah 
Published: April 2017

By stressing both the general characteristics and the complexity of those situations in which bilingualism occurs today, the author sets out a brief typology of bilingual societies which distinguishes the following categories :
1) «Developed» countries with an official language in international use ; 2) «developed» countries with an official language confined to the state within which it is spoken ; and 3) «developing» countries which have recently attained independence and possess languages or dialects which are little used outside the national frontiers and which are sometimes confined to the rôle of a popular vernacular alongside the language bequeathed by the former colonizing nation. Strictly speaking, bilingualism presents no problem in the first two types of society. In the last case, it gives rise to a major problem culminating in the national choice of an official language.
The author then goes on within this context to examine the linguistic situation which has evolved in Tunisia. The linguistic situation in Tunisia was marked before independence by the opposition of French, imposed by French rule, and Arabic. The situation was complicated further by the division of the latter language into classical Arabic and its spoken dialectic variety. At the present time the linguistic debate mirrors the stratification of this society which belongs to the third category mentioned above. One current of opinion, represented by the governmental leaders and the State civil servants, is in favour of a combination of French and a form of Arabic spoken by the masses ; the educated elite aims at maintaining the norms of classical Arabic ; and, lastly, the bulk of the population favours the use of spoken Arabic. There results the division between the use of French for written communication and a form of Arabic half-way between the classical and dialectic varieties for everyday speech. In this context of Franco-Arabic bilingualism, French has not declined since independence as a result of the approval it enjoys from the governing body, and this in spite of the desire for a widespread extension of Arabic. In fact, a resolution to uphold bilingualism definitively appears to have been taken. Arabic is now defined as the language of culture and French as a medium of communication. The essential reason behind this choice lies, it would seem, in the fact the people responsible for realizing the propagation of Arab culture are in fact a French-speaking elite. The author concludes with the observation that, ultimately, language is one sign among others of a nation's wealth, and the poor or richer disposition of language can create diverse states of imbalance within both the individual and the nation. If bilingualism is desirable, it is only on condition that the imported language or languages make some contribution to the indigenous language which, in the present instance, would be Arabic.
Orbits for the Impatient: A Bayesian Rejection-sampling Method for Quickly Fitting the Orbits of Long-period Exoplanets
Authors: Blunt Sarah , Nielsen Eric L. , De Rosa Robert J. , Konopacky Quinn M. , Ryan Dominic , Wang Jason J. , Pueyo Laurent , Rameau Julien , Marois Christian , Marchis Franck , Macintosh Bruce , Graham James R. , Duchêne Gaspard , Schneider Adam C. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We describe a Bayesian rejection-sampling algorithm designed to efficiently compute posterior distributions of orbital elements for data covering short fractions of long-period exoplanet orbits. Our implementation of this method, Orbits for the Impatient (OFTI), converges up to several orders of magnitude faster than two implementations of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) in this regime. We illustrate the efficiency of our approach by showing that OFTI calculates accurate posteriors for all existing astrometry of the exoplanet 51 Eri b up to 100 times faster than a Metropolis–Hastings MCMC. We demonstrate the accuracy of OFTI by comparing our results for several orbiting systems with those of various MCMC implementations, finding the output posteriors to be identical within shot noise. We also describe how our algorithm was used to successfully predict the location of 51 Eri b six months in the future based on less than three months of astrometry. Finally, we apply OFTI to 10 long-period exoplanets and brown dwarfs, all but one of which have been monitored over less than 3% of their orbits, producing fits to their orbits from astrometric records in the literature.