bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: CONJUGATE ADDITION OF TRIMETHYSILYLLITHIUM. A PREPARATION OF 3‐SILYL KETONES
Authors: STILL W. C. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractHexamethyldisilan (I) gibt mit Methyllithium das Trimethylsilyllithium (II), das mit 2‐Cyclohexenon (III) definiert das Addukt (IV) gibt.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,2,4,3‐TRIAZAPHOSPHOLE. A NEW DICOORDINATED PHOSPHORUS COMPOUND. I. SYNTHESIS AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ITS DERIVATIVES
Authors: CHARBONNEL Y. , BARRANS J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractSynthesen von l,2,4,3‐Tri‐ azaphospholen werden beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION, IR AND NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE STUDIES ON THE RARE‐EARTH PERCHLORATE COMPLEXES OF 3‐METHYLPYRIDINE‐1‐OXIDE
Authors: KOPPIKAR D. K. , SOUNDARARAJAN S. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Darstellung der Komplexe (I) erfolgt aus den Komponenten.
ChemInform Abstract: DOUBLE ACETATES OF LEAD(IV) AND TIN(IV) ACETATES
Authors: MALHOTRA K. C. , KATOCH D. S. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDurch Leitfähigkeitsmessungen wird in Acetanhydridlösungen von Pb‐ und Sn‐tetraacetaten und Alkalimetallacetaten die Bildung von Komplexen (I) als Acetanhydridsolvate nachgewiesen.
ChemInform Abstract: Darstellung und Trennung der Isomeren des Natrium‐bis‐(L‐aspartato)chromat(III).
Authors: GROUHI‐WITTE G. , WEISS E. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractCr(III)‐chlorid und L‐Asparaginsäure reagieren in Gegenwart von NaOH zu einem Komplexgemisch (Gesamtausbeute 98%) das durch Ionenaustausch in die Diastereoisomeren (I), (II) und (III) getrennt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: TRANSITION METAL‐CARBENE COMPLEXES. 91. DIMETHYLCARBENE‐ AND METHYLPHENYLCARBENEDICARBONYL(η‐CYCLOPENTADIENYL)MANGANESE
Authors: FISCHER E. O. , CLOUGH R. L. , BESL G. , KREISSL F. R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Reaktion der kationischen Carbinkomplexe (I) mit Methyllithium liefert die Titelkomplexe (II), die ersten Ubergangsmetall‐Carben‐Komplexe, in denen ein Dialkyl‐ oder Alkylarylcarben als Ligand an einem Metall stabilisiert ist.
ChemInform Abstract: β‐STYRYLCOBALOXIMES‐ MECHANISM OF FORMATION FROM β‐STYRYL HALIDES AND MECHANISM OF CLEAVAGE BY ELECTROPHILES
Authors: DODD D. , JOHNSON M. D. , MEEKS B. S. , TITCHMARSH D. M. , DUONG K. N. V. , GAUDEMER A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie cis‐β‐Halogen‐styrole (I) reagieren mit Bis‐[dimethylglyoximato]‐pyridin‐cobaltat(I)‐Ion (Z′) stereospezifisch zu dem Substitutionsprodukt (II); besonders leicht reagieren dabei die J od‐, auch noch die Bromstyrole (I).
ChemInform Abstract: FIVE COORDINATE NICKEL(II) ISOTHIOCYANATO AND CHLORO COMPLEXES OF TRIAZACYCLOALKANES
Authors: NONOYAMA M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAlle Komplexe wurden durch Reaktion des Liganden mit Ni‐dichlorid ‐ bei den Verbindungen (I) und (II) in Gegenwart von KNCS ‐ in wäßriger Lösung dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHROMIC PROPERTIES OF 2‐(3‐OXONAPHTHO(1,8‐BC)THIOPYRANYLIDENO)‐2‐BENZO(B)SELENOPHEN‐3‐ONE
Authors: MOSTOSLAVSKII M. A. , YUGAI G. A. , YADRIKHINSKII V. V. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie photochromen Eigenschaften der durch eine Kondensation des Aryliminonaphthothiopyranons (I) mit dem Benzoselenophenon (II) dargestellten Titelverbindung (III) werden untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: HORMONE‐RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS. SYNTHESIS AND CONFORMATIONAL STUDY OF CYCLO‐L‐CYSTATHIONINE
Authors: FAUCHERE J.‐L. , MUTHUKUMARASWAMY N. , TUN‐KYI A. , SCHWYZER R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAus dem entsprechenden Cystin wird durch Spaltung der Disulfidbrücke mit Na das Cystein (I) erhalten, das mit dem Bromaminoester (II) zu (IIIa) kondensiert wird (nach Rudinger).
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Method for N4‐Benzoylation of Cytidylic and Deoxycytidylic Acids by Means of O‐Ethyl S‐Benzoyldithiocarbonate.
Authors: TAKAKU H. , SHIMADA Y. , MORITA Y. , HATA T. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractO‐Äthyl‐S‐benzoyldithiocarbonat (I) ergibt mit Cytidin‐5′‐phosphat bzw. Desoxycytidin‐5′‐phosphat über die Verbindungen (III) die Benzoylderivate (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW SYNTHESIS OF CEPHEM COMPOUNDS
Authors: PETRZILKA TH. , FEHR C. , SCHMID G. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractMichael‐Addition von Propiolsäure (IIIa) bzw. dem Ester (IIIb) (hier in Gegenwart von Dowex 1) an das aus der Verbindung (I) erhältliche Mercaptan (II) liefert die Derivate (IV) (trennbare cis‐trans‐Gemische).
Prevalence and predictors of anxiety and depression after completion of chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Kunin‐Batson Alicia S. , Lu Xiaomin , Balsamo Lyn , Graber Kelsey , Devidas Meenakshi , Hunger Stephen P. , Carroll William L. , Winick Naomi J. , Mattano Leonard A. , Maloney Kelly W. , Kadan‐Lottick Nina S. 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDThe months immediately after the completion of treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are often regarded as a stressful time for children and families. In this prospective, longitudinal study, the prevalence and predictors of anxiety and depressive symptoms after the completion of treatment were examined.METHODSParticipants included 160 children aged 2 to 9 years with standard‐risk ALL who were enrolled on Children's Oncology Group protocol AALL0331. Parents completed standardized rating scales of their children's emotional‐behavioral functioning and measures of coping and family functioning at approximately 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months after diagnosis and again 3 months after the completion of chemotherapy.RESULTSAt 3 months off therapy, approximately 24% of survivors had at‐risk/clinically elevated anxiety scores and 28% had elevated depression scores, which are significantly higher than the expected 15% in the general population (P = .028 and .001, respectively). Patients with elevated anxiety 1 month after diagnosis were at greater risk of off‐therapy anxiety (odds ratio, 4.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.31‐12.73 [P = .022]) and those with elevated depressive symptoms 6 months after diagnosis were at greater risk of off‐therapy depression (odds ratio, 7.88; 95% confidence interval, 2.61‐23.81 [P = .0002]). In adjusted longitudinal analyses, unhealthy family functioning (P = .008) and less reliance on social support coping (P = .009) were found to be associated with risk of emotional distress. Children from Spanish‐speaking families (P = .05) also were found to be at a greater risk of distress.CONCLUSIONSA significant percentage of children experience emotional distress during and after therapy for ALL. These data provide a compelling rationale for targeted early screening and psychosocial interventions to support family functioning and coping skills. Cancer 2016;122:1608–17. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Glomerular identification in the antennal lobe of the male moth Helicoverpa armigera
Authors: Zhao Xin‐Cheng , Chen Qiu‐Yan , Guo Pei , Xie Gui‐Ying , Tang Qing‐Bo , Guo Xian‐Ru , Berg Bente G. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTThis study investigates anatomical organization of the antennal lobe (AL) glomeruli of the male cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera by synaptic antibody staining combined with three‐dimensional reconstruction. To identify all glomeruli, their boundaries were accurately determined by means of several additional staining techniques visualizing the neuron categories forming the characteristic spherical neuropils. In total, 78–80 glomeruli were identified in the male H. armigera. The number of glomeruli was considerably larger than that previously reported in this species. Thus, compared with previous studies, we identified 15 new glomeruli, G63–G77. Most of them are located in the posterior part of the AL, which was previously considered to be a part of the protocerebrum. From the general anatomical organization of the AL glomeruli of H. armigera, we classified these neuropil structures into four groups, the macroglomerular complex, posterior complex, labial‐palp pit organ glomerulus, and ordinary glomeruli. The complete identification of glomeruli is important for future studies seeking to explore further the coding mechanisms residing within the primary olfactory center of the moth brain. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:2993–3013, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A simulator for opportunistic networks
Authors: Chilipirea Cristian , Petre Andreea‐Cristian , Dobre Ciprian , Pop Florin , Suciu George 
Published: March 2016

SummaryWhen mobile devices involved in a communication process are unable to establish a direct connection, or when communication should be offloaded to cope with large throughputs, mobile collaboration can be used to enable communication through opportunistic networks. These types of networks are formed when mobile devices communicate only using short‐range transmission protocols, usually when users are close. Routes are built dynamically, because each mobile device is acting according to the store‐carry‐and‐forward paradigm. Thus, contacts are seen as opportunities to move data towards the destination. In such networks, the routing protocol is of vital importance, and today, we witness quite a number of routing algorithms that have been proposed to maximize the success rate of message delivery whilst minimizing the communication cost. Such protocols take advantage of the devices history of contacts, or information about users carrying the mobile devices, to make their forwarding decision. This paper extends our previous work with the following: First, we describe a new simplified, fast simulator, designed to minimize the work needed to conduct extensive tests for opportunistic routing algorithm on multiple traces; next, we analyze extensively several of the most popular routing algorithms through extensive simulations conducted using our simulation platform. We highlight their pros and cons in different scenarios, considering different real‐world mobility data traces, such as Global Positioning System traces. The raw Global Positioning System traces are converted to a format based on encounters between participating entities. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cytochrome c‐Capped Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters: Imaging of Live Cells and Delivery of Cytochrome c
Authors: Chattoraj Shyamtanu , Amin Md. Asif , Bhattacharyya Kankan 
Published: March 2016

AbstractCytochrome c‐capped fluorescent gold nanoclusters (Au‐NCs) are used for imaging of live lung and breast cells. Delivery of cytochrome c inside the cells is confirmed by covalently attaching a fluorophore (Alexa Fluor 594) to cytochrome c‐capped Au‐NCs and observing fluorescence from Alexa 594 inside the cell. Mass spectrometry studies suggest that in bulk water, addition of glutathione (GSH) to cytochrome c‐capped Au‐NCs results in the formation of glutathione‐capped Au‐NCs and free apo‐cytochrome c. Thus glutathione displaces cytochrome c as a capping agent. Using confocal microscopy, the emission spectra and decay of Au‐NCs are measured in live cells. From the position of the emission maximum it is shown that the Au‐NCs exist as Au8 in bulk water and as Au13 inside the cells. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer from cytochrome c–Au‐NC (donor) to Mitotracker Orange (acceptor) indicates that the Au‐NCs localise in the mitochondria of live cells.
Dual‐Responsive Viscoelastic Lyotropic Liquid Crystal Fluids to Control the Diffusion of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Molecules
Authors: Wang Dong , Cao Yueying , Cao Meiwen , Sun Yawei , Wang Jiqian , Hao Jingcheng 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA smart lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) system was prepared to control the diffusion rate of hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules. The LLC system is composed of a nonionic surfactant (tetraethylene glycol monododecylether; C12EO4) and an anionic azobenzene surfactant (Azo‐surfactant). C12EO4 was the main component of the LLC system. The Azo‐surfactant, which can undergo photo‐isomerization, played the role of trigger in this system. LLC gels formed in a solution comprised of Azo‐surfactant (10 mm) and C12EO4 (300 mm). The LLC gels became broken when more Azo‐surfactant was added (e.g., up to 15 mm) and the viscoelasticity was lost. Surprisingly, when we used UV light to irradiate the 300 mm C12EO4/15 mm Azo‐surfactant sample, the gel was recovered and high viscoelasticity was observed. However, under visible‐light irradiation, the gel became broken again. The gel formation could also be triggered by heating the sample. On heating the 300 mm C12EO4/15 mm Azo‐surfactant sample, the system thickened to a point at which typical gel behavior was registered. When the sample was cooled, the gel broke again. The LLC could be used for controlled release of hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules, and could be considered as a versatile vehicle for the delivery of actives in systems of practical importance.
Deciphering Noncovalent Interactions Accompanying 7,7,8,8‐Tetracyanoquinodimethane Encapsulation within Biphene[n]arenes: Nucleus‐Independent Chemical Shifts Approach
Authors: Lande Dipali N. , Rao Soniya S. , Gejji Shridhar P. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBinding of novel biphene[n]arene hosts to antiaromatic 7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) are investigated by DFT. Biphene[4]arene favors the inclusion complex through noncovalent interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, π–π stacking, C−H⋅⋅⋅π, and C−H⋅⋅⋅H−C dihydrogen bonding. Donor–acceptor complexation renders aromatic character to the guest through charge transfer. The formation of TCNQ anionic radicals through supramolecular π stacking significantly influences its chemical and photophysical behavior. Electron density reorganization consequent to encapsulation of TCNQ reflects in the shift of characteristic vibrations in the IR spectra. The accompanying aromaticities arising from the induced ring currents are analyzed by employing nucleus‐independent chemical shifts based profiles.
Influence of cigarette smoking on cardiac biomarkers: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Nadruz Wilson , Gonçalves Alexandra , Claggett Brian , Querejeta Roca Gabriela , Shah Amil M. , Cheng Susan , Heiss Gerardo , Ballantyne Christie M. , Solomon Scott D. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAimsCigarette smoking has been associated with incident heart failure independent of coronary artery disease (CAD), but the mechanisms linking smoking to cardiac damage are not well understood. This study sought to evaluate the relationship between smoking and N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and high‐sensitivity Troponin T (hs‐TnT), which are, respectively, biomarkers of myocardial wall stress and injury, in a large community‐based cohort.Methods and resultsWe examined the association between smoking history and NT‐proBNP and hs‐TnT in 9649 participants free of overt CAD or heart failure from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study who attended Visit 4 (1996–1998), as well as the association with change in these biomarkers from Visit 4 to Visit 5 (2011–2013) in 3151 participants. At Visit 4, higher cumulative cigarette exposure, assessed by total pack‐years, was associated with elevated levels of NT‐proBNP (P < 0.001) and hs‐TnT (P = 0.01) among ever smokers in multivariable analyses adjusted for potential confounders. After 15 years of follow‐up, participants who were active smokers at Visit 4 had greater incidence of elevated NT‐proBNP {adjusted proportion = 48% [95% confidence interval (CI) 41, 54] vs. 35 (95% CI 32, 39); P = 0.006} and hs‐TnT [adjusted proportion = 32% (95% CI 26, 38) vs. 23 (95% CI 20, 26); P = 0.021] compared with never smokers, adjusting for baseline and follow‐up covariates.ConclusionsIn a large community‐based cohort free of overt CAD and heart failure, cigarette smoking was associated with biomarkers of myocardial wall stress and injury at baseline as well as with a continued measurable increase in these biomarkers after 15 years of follow‐up.
A novel IL‐23p19/Ebi3 (IL‐39) cytokine mediates inflammation in Lupus‐like mice
Authors: Wang Xiaoqian , Wei Yinxiang , Xiao He , Liu Xiaoling , Zhang Yu , Han Gencheng , Chen Guojiang , Hou Chunmei , Ma Ning , Shen Beifen , Li Yan , Egwuagu Charles E. , Wang Renxi 
Published: March 2016

Interleukin‐12 family cytokines have emerged as critical regulators of immunity with some members (IL‐12, IL‐23) associated with disease pathogenesis while others (IL‐27, IL‐35) mitigate autoimmune diseases. Each IL‐12 family member is comprised of an α and a β chain, and chain‐sharing is a key feature. Although four bona fide members have thus far been described, promiscuous chain‐pairing between alpha (IL‐23p19, IL‐27p28, IL‐12/IL‐35p35) and beta (IL‐12/IL‐23p40, IL‐27/IL‐35Ebi3) subunits, predicts six possible heterodimeric IL‐12 family cytokines. Here, we describe a new IL‐12 member composed of IL‐23p19 and Ebi3 heterodimer (IL‐39) that is secreted by LPS‐stimulated B cells and GL7+ activated B cells of lupus‐like mice. We further show that IL‐39 mediates inflammatory responses through activation of STAT1/STAT3 in lupus‐like mice. Taken together, our results show that IL‐39 might contribute to immunopathogenic mechanisms of systemic lupus erythematosus, and could be used as a possible target for its treatment.
Ni3Cl2+x(OH)4–x·2H2O: Structural, Thermal, Spectral, and Magnetic Properties in Dependence of the Chloride Content
Authors: Bette Sebastian , Dinnebier Robert E. , Kremer Reinhard K. , Freyer Daniela 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe previously unknown nickel chloride hydroxide phases Ni3Cl2+x(OH)4–x·2H2O (x = 0.26, 0.48, 0.82) have been synthesized in concentrated aqueous NiCl2 solutions and investigated in detail. Crystal structure determination from X‐ray powder diffraction data revealed triple chains of distorted, edge‐linked NiO6 and NiO3(O/Cl)3 octahedra as the main building blocks. The chains exhibit a layer‐like configuration and therefore great structural similarity to nickel‐layered hydroxy halides (Cl, Br, I) and β‐Ni(OH)2. Increasing chloride content in Ni3Cl2+x(OH)4–x·2H2O leads to a reduction of the space group symmetry from C2/m (12) for x = 0.26 and 0.48 to P$\bar {1}$ (2) for x = 0.82 and to distinct shifts in their thermal, spectral, and magnetic properties. Each solid exhibits a maximum magnetic susceptibility in the range 5.9–9.7 K, which indicates antiferromagnetic ordering. Positive Curie–Weiss temperatures, θ, were found, which points to predominantly ferromagnetic spin‐exchange interactions. In addition, broad maxima of the magnetic susceptibility evidence a low‐dimensional magnetic character as the most prominent feature of the magnetic properties of the investigated phases.
Conversion of biodiesel‐derived glycerol into biotechnological products of industrial significance by yeast and fungal strains
Authors: Papanikolaou Seraphim , Rontou Maria , Belka Aikaterini , Athenaki Maria , Gardeli Chryssavgi , Mallouchos Athanasios , Kalantzi Ourania , Koutinas Apostolis A. , Kookos Ioannis K. , Zeng An‐Ping , Aggelis George 
Published: March 2016

Oleochemical activities (e.g. biodiesel production, fat saponification) generate annually very high amounts of concentrated glycerol‐containing waters (called crude glycerol) as the principal residues of these processes. Crude glycerol is an industrial residue the valorization of which attracts remarkable and constantly increasing interest. In the current investigation, biodiesel‐derived glycerol was employed as substrate for yeast and fungal strains cultivated under nitrogen‐limited conditions in shake flasks. Glucose was employed as reference substrate. Several yeasts (Candida diddensiae, Candida tropicalis, Pichia ciferrii, Williopsis saturnus, Candida boidinii, and Candida oleophila) rapidly assimilated glucose and converted it into ethanol, despite aerobic conditions imposed, and were Crabtree‐positive. None of these yeasts produced ethanol during growth on glycerol or accumulated significant quantities of lipid during growth on glucose or glycerol. Only Rhodosporidium toruloides produced notable lipid quantities from glucose and to lesser extent from glycerol. Yarrowia lipolytica LFMB 20 produced citrate ≈58 g/L growing on high‐glucose media, while on high‐glycerol media ≈42 g/L citrate and ≈18 g/L mannitol. During growth on glucose/glycerol blends, glycerol was assimilated first and thereafter glucose was consumed. Fungi produced higher lipid quantities compared with yeasts. High lipid quantities were produced by Mortierella ramanniana, Mucor sp., and mainly Mortierella isabellina, with glycerol being more adequate for M. ramanniana and glucose for Mucor sp. and M. isabellina. M. isabellina ATHUM 2935 produced lipids of 8.5 g/L, 83.3% w/w in dry cell weight (DCW) and conversion yield per unit of glucose consumed ≈0.25 g/g. The respective values on glycerol were 5.4 g/L, 66.6% w/w in DCW and ≈0.22 g/g. Lipids of all microorganisms were analyzed with regards to their fatty acid composition, and M. isabellina presented the closest similitude with rapeseed oil. Crude lipids produced by this fungus and extracted with chloroform/methanol blend, were composed mostly of triacylglycerols, thus indicating that these solvents are adequate for triacylglycerol extraction.
Effect of actionable somatic mutations on racial/ethnic disparities in head and neck cancer prognosis
Authors: Wu Evan S. , Park Jong Y. , Zeitouni Joseph A. , Gomez Carmen R. , Reis Isildinha M. , Zhao Wei , Kwon Deukwoo , Lee Eunkyung , Nelson Omar L. , Lin Hui‐Yi , Franzmann Elizabeth J. , Savell Jason , McCaffrey Thomas V. , Goodwin W. Jarrard , Hu Jennifer J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackgroundHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and minorities have the worst survival. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying survival disparities have not been elucidated.MethodsIn a retrospective study, we assessed association between HNSCC early death (<2 years) and 208 somatic mutations of 10 cancer‐related genes in 214 patients: 98 non‐Hispanic whites (46%), 72 Hispanic whites (34%), and 44 African Americans (20%).ResultsHispanic whites and African Americans had significantly higher mutation rates for EGFR, HRAS, KRAS, and TP53. HNSCC early death was significantly associated with 3+ mutations (odds ratio [OR] = 2.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16, 6.69), NOTCH1 mutations in non‐Hispanic whites (OR = 5.51; 95% CI = 1.22–24.83) and TP53 mutations in Hispanic whites (OR = 3.84; 95% CI = 1.08–13.68) in multivariable analysis adjusted for age, sex, tumor site, and tumor stage.ConclusionWe have provided the proof‐of‐principal data to link racial/ethnic‐specific somatic mutations and HNSCC prognosis and pave the way for precision medicine to overcome HNSCC survival disparities. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38:1234–1241, 2016
Safety and tolerability of pomalidomide‐based regimens (pomalidomide‐carfilzomib‐dexamethasone with or without cyclophosphamide) in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma and severe renal dysfunction: a case series
Authors: Richter Joshua , Biran Noa , Duma Narjust , Vesole David H. , Siegel David 
Published: March 2016

AbstractRenal dysfunction negatively impacts outcomes in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Few treatment options are currently available for patients with MM and comorbid renal dysfunction, and as they are generally excluded from clinical trials, data on the use of immunomodulatory drugs in this population are scarce. In this paper, we describe a case series of five women with MM and severe renal dysfunction or dialysis dependency who were refractory to both bortezomib and either lenalidomide or thalidomide and were treated with full‐dose (4 mg) pomalidomide. As part of their treatment regimen, these patients also received carfilzomib and dexamethasone with or without cyclophosphamide. All five patients achieved at least a partial response to pomalidomide‐based therapy, which was relatively well tolerated. Our findings suggest that pomalidomide may represent a valuable and tolerable treatment option for MM patients with severe renal impairment. The fact that pomalidomide is extensively metabolized prior to urinary excretion may explain the improved tolerability of pomalidomide versus lenalidomide in such patients. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.