bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic insights into the connection between pulmonary TB and non-communicable diseases: An integrated analysis of shared genes and potential treatment targets
Authors: Mahjabeen Amira , Hasan Md. Zahid , Rahman Md. Tanvir , Islam Md. Aminul , Khan Risala Tasin , Kaiser M. Shamim 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundPulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) is a significant global health issue due to its high incidence, drug resistance, contagious nature, and impact on people with compromised immune systems. As mentioned by the World Health Organization (WHO), TB is responsible for more global fatalities than any other infectious illness. On the other side, WHO also claims that noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) kill 41 million people yearly worldwide. In this regard, several studies suggest that PTB and NCDs are linked in various ways and that people with PTB are more likely to acquire NCDs. At the same time, NCDs can increase susceptibility to active TB infection. Furthermore, because of potential drug interactions and therapeutic challenges, treating individuals with both PTB and NCDs can be difficult. This study focuses on seven NCDs (lung cancer (LC), diabetes mellitus (DM), Parkinson’s disease (PD), silicosis (SI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA)) and rigorously presents the genetic relationship with PTB regarding shared genes and outlines possible treatment plans.ObjectivesBlueThis study aims to identify the drug components that can regulate abnormal gene expression in NCDs. The study will reveal hub genes, potential biomarkers, and drug components associated with hub genes through statistical measures. This will contribute to targeted therapeutic interventions.MethodsNumerous investigations, including protein-protein interaction (PPI), gene regulatory network (GRN), enrichment analysis, physical interaction, and protein-chemical interaction, have been carried out to demonstrate the genetic correlation between PTB and NCDs. During the study, nine shared genes such as TNF, IL10, NLRP3, IL18, IFNG, HMGB1, CXCL8, IL17A, and NFKB1 were discovered between TB and the above-mentioned NCDs, and five hub genes (NFKB1, TNF, CXCL8, NLRP3, and IL10) were selected based on degree values.Results and conclusionIn this study, we found that all of the hub genes are linked with the 10 drug components, and it was observed that aspirin CTD 00005447 was mostly associated with all the other hub genes. This bio-informatics study may help researchers better understand the cause of PTB and its relationship with NCDs, and eventually, this can lead to exploring effective treatment plans.
Racial disparities in maternal blood transfusion in the United States by mode of delivery
Authors: Hossein-Pour Parnian , Rajasingham Maya , Zeller Michelle P. , Muraca Giulia M. 
Published: October 2024

Background
Despite well-documented racial disparities in maternal health in the United States, gaps remain in characterizing the distribution of these disparities in maternal blood transfusion.

Objective
To assess racial disparities in maternal blood transfusion using detailed, self-identified racial groupings in the United States overall and stratified by mode of delivery.

Study design
We performed a population-based, retrospective cohort study of full term, live births (2016–2021) using the National Vital Statistics System’s Natality Files. Regression models were constructed to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of maternal blood transfusion by self-identified maternal race in the total population, and among subgroups stratified by mode of delivery. Models were adjusted for maternal and obstetric practice factors.

Results
The study included 17,905,699 deliveries; maternal blood transfusion occurred in 3.4 per 1,000 deliveries. Compared with individuals who identified as White (3.3 per 1,000 transfusion rate), higher odds of transfusion were found among those who identified as American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN; aOR 2.36, 95% CI 2.23–2.49), Black (aOR 1.15, 95% CI 1.12–1.17), Filipino (aOR 1.33, 95% CI 1.22–1.44), Korean (aOR 1.25, 95% CI 1.10–1.42), and Pacific Islander (aOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.45–1.83). The frequency of transfusion and racial disparities in transfusion varied substantially by mode of delivery. Lower rates of transfusion in Black vs White patients were observed in the spontaneous vaginal delivery (2.2 vs 2.3 per 1000; aOR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92–0.99), forceps (6.8 vs 8.9 per 1000; aOR 0.77, 95% CI 0.60–0.99), vacuum (4.2 vs 5.0 per 1000; aOR 0.85, 95% CI 0.74–0.97, and cesarean delivery with trial of labour (8.8 vs 8.9 per 1000; aOR 0.95, 95% CI 0.91–1.00) groups, while a higher rate was shown among cesarean deliveries without trial of labour (6.8 vs 4.3 per 1000; aOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.40–1.51).

Conclusion
Racial disparities in maternal blood transfusion persist after adjustment for several confounders, particularly for AIAN and Pacific Islander individuals, and vary by mode of delivery.
Landscape and meteorological determinants of malaria vectors’ presence and abundance in the rural health district of Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire, 2016–2018, and comparison with the less anthropized area of Diébougou, Burkina Faso
Authors: Taconet Paul , Zogo Barnabas , Ahoua Alou Ludovic P. , Amanan Koffi Alphonsine , Dabiré Roch Kounbobr , Pennetier Cedric , Moiroux Nicolas 
Published: October 2024

Background
Understanding how weather and landscape shape the fine-scale distribution and diversity of malaria vectors is crucial for efficient and locally tailored vector control. This study examines the meteorological and landscape determinants of (i) the spatiotemporal distribution (presence and abundance) of the major malaria vectors in the rural region of Korhogo (northern Côte d’Ivoire) and (ii) the differences in vector probability of presence, abundance, and diversity observed between that area and another rural West African region located 300 km away in Diébougou, Burkina Faso.

Methods
We monitored Anopheles human-biting activity in 28 villages of the Korhogo health district for 18 months (2016 to 2018), and extracted fine-scale environmental variables (meteorological and landscape) from high-resolution satellite imagery. We used a state-of-the-art statistical modeling framework to associate these data and identify environmental determinants of the presence and abundance of malaria vectors in the area. We then compared the results of this analysis with those of a similar, previously published study conducted in the Diébougou area.

Results
The spatiotemporal distribution of malaria vectors in the Korhogo area was highly heterogeneous and appeared to be strongly determined and constrained by meteorological conditions. Rice paddies, temporary sites filled by rainfall, rivers and riparian forests appeared to be the larval habitats of Anopheles mosquitoes. As in Diébougou, meteorological conditions (temperatures, rainfall) appeared to significantly affect all developmental stages of the mosquitoes. Additionally, ligneous savannas were associated with lower abundance of malaria vectors. Anopheles species diversity was lower in Korhogo compared to Diébougou, while biting rates were much higher. Our results suggest that these differences may be due to the more anthropized nature of the Korhogo region in comparison to Diébougou (less forested areas, more agricultural land), supporting the hypothesis of higher malaria vector densities and lower mosquito diversity in more anthropized landscapes in rural West Africa.

Conclusion
This study offers valuable insights into the landscape and meteorological determinants of the spatiotemporal distribution of malaria vectors in the Korhogo region and, more broadly, in rural west-Africa. The results emphasize the adverse effects of the ongoing landscape anthropization process in the sub-region, including deforestation and agricultural development, on malaria vector control.
Resonance and beat perception of ballroom dancers: An EEG study
Authors: Wang Xuru , Zhou Chenglin , Jin Xinhong 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
The ability to synchronize the perceptual and motor systems is important for full motor coordination and the core determinant of motor skill performance. Dance-related training has been found to effectively improve sensorimotor synchronization, however, the underlying characteristics behind these improvements still warrant further exploration. This study was conducted to investigate the behavioral and neuroactivity characteristics of ballroom dancers relative to those of non-dancers.

Participants and methods
Thirty-two dancers (19.8 ± 1.8 years old) and 31 non-dancers (22.6 ± 3.1 years old) were recruited to perform a finger-tapping task in synchrony with audiovisual beat stimuli at two intervals: 400 and 800 ms, while simultaneously recording EEG data. Behavioral and neural activity data were recorded during the task.

Results
The dancers employed a predictive strategy when synchronizing with the beat. EEG recordings revealed stronger brain resonance with external rhythmic stimuli, indicating heightened neural resonance compared to non-dancers (p < 0.05). The task was more challenging with an 800-ms beat interval, as observed through both behavioral metrics and corresponding neural signatures in the EEG data, leading to poorer synchronization performance and necessitating a greater allocation of attentional resources (ps < 0.05).

Conclusion
When performing the finger-tapping task involving audiovisual beats, the beat interval was the primary factor influencing movement synchronization, neural activity and attentional resource allocation. Although no significant behavioral differences were observed between dancers and non-dancers, dancers have enhanced neural resonance in response to rhythmic stimuli. Further research using more ecologically valid tasks and stimuli may better capture the full extent of dancers’ synchronization abilities.
Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) sebagai Organisasi Antar-Pemerintah Regional di Kawasan Teluk Persia dalam Menangani Krisis Diplomasi Qatar-Arab Saudi
Authors: Azizah Annisa Noor 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe diplomatic crisis between Qatar and Saudi Arabia in 2017 had a significant impact on relation and regional stability in the Persian Gulf. Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Bahrain severed diplomatic relations with Qatar by withdrawing their ambassadors from Doha, imposing an embargo, and blockading Qatar's territory. This internal dispute was considered to be the worst dispute in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) defence and security history. In the midst of a crisis like this, the GCC, as a regional intergovernmental organization in Persian Gulf, should have a certain role and influence to improve relations and maintain regional stability. The purpose of this research is to analyse GCC’s role and influence in the Qatar-Saudi diplomatic crisis. The author will use Clive Archer's institutional liberalism which defines the roles of international organizations as arena, instrument, or actor. The qualitative data used in this research was obtained from journals, books, websites, and documentations or official statements from the GCC and the parties. The results of this research indicate that GCC’s role was a tool or instrument used by its member countries to carry out foreign policy and achieve their respective national interest. Key words: Diplomatic Crisis, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), Institutional Liberalism
Dampak Sengketa Kepulauan Senkaku antara Jepang - Cina Terhadap Stabilitas Keamanan Jepang
Authors: Pramaiseilla Tjhang Zahra Anisa 
Published: October 2024

The Senkaku Islands are rich in oil and gas resources, which has led Japan and Cina to claim each other that the Senkaku Islands belong to them. The impact of the dispute on Japan's security stability makes the senkaku islands and Japanese territories threatened and insecure because Cina conducts military operations by arming fishermen to become "maritime militias" and Cina has also increased their air activities, conducted training for their pilots and even created and enforcing air defense zones so that Japan's security stability becomes insecure and causes the Japanese state to be wary of attacks given by Cina because Cina sends military forces to Japan's territory which makes the Japanese region less secure while it has an impact on the economy and relations between Japan and the United States. Cina is going bad. The Japanese government's passive attitude that has been applied so far has turned into a proactive one by strengthening the military and surveillance system with advanced technology. To improve its national security, Japan increased their military budget and created military bases to deal with possible invasions from Cina in certain places around the Senkaku Islands.This study uses qualitative methods with descriptive explanatory data collection techniques. Techniques for data collection were carried out using literature studies obtained from journals, articles and books. The author will analyze the data with Process Tracing which will track a conflict process that can occur and explain the data according to the framework of each country's thinking because Japan and Cina mutually claim the Senkaku island belongs to each other and are a threat to the security of the Japanese region. The author uses the concept of National Security in analyzing the dispute between the senkaku islands of Japan and Cina as well as threats to the security stability of the Japanese region. Keywords: Dispute, Japan, Cina, Senkaku Island, UNCAFE, National Security.
Kampanye #IBELONG UNHCR Dalam Membantu Mengakhiri Isu Statelessness di Kirgizstan
Authors: Azahara Medina 
Published: October 2024

One of the fundamental rights that humans have is the right to have nationality. When someone is granted a nationality by a country, he or she has been fully recognized by that country which will automatically protect the other rights that they have. However, there are many people who still do not have a nationality, known as statelessness. In 2019, among developed and developing countries that are still experiencing difficulties to end this issue, Kyrgyzstan became the first country in the world that successfully end statelessness through a campaign issued by UNHCR, #IBELONG, in 2014. The author obtains data through literature study such as journals, books, reports of international organizations, websites, and international news. This research is a qualitative research using the process-tracing method in conducting data analysis. By using institutionalism theory, this research argues that Kyrgyzstan’s success in ending statelessness is driven by the cooperation between the Kyrgyz government and UNHCR through #IBELONG Campaign and its supporting program where the awareness of civil society increases and then moves together in carrying out legal advocacy to stateless people in various regions of Kyrgyzstan which then had a major influence in ending the issue of statelessness.Key Words: Human Rights, Nationality, Statelessness, UNHCR, Campaign
CHINA-SOUTH AFRICA HIGH-LEVEL PEOPLE TO PEOPLE EXCHANGE MECHANISM SEBAGAI SOFT DIPLOMACY TIONGKOK DI REPUBLIK AFRIKA SELATAN
Authors: Yasa Naufal Rizki Putra , Windiani Reni , Wahyudi Fendy Eko 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT This research aims to describe how China’s soft diplomacy policy forms in spreading culture in the Republic of South Africa through the China-South Africa High-Level People to People Exchange Mechanism to increase the arrival of African tourists to China and to find out the dynamics of China’s tourism cooperation with the Republic of South Africa. This research based on the promotion of Chinese culture in the Republic of South Africa under cultural cooperation through the China-South Africa High-Level People to People Exchange Mechanism policy and its relation with tourism cooperation between China and the Republic of South Africa. Using the Soft Diplomacy Concept, this research analyses the cultural promotion activities carried out by China in the Republic of South Africa under the China-South Africa High-Level People to People Exchange Mechanism in 2017. The result shows that there was an increase in African tourist arrival to China in 2018, a year after the promotion of Chinese culture under the China-South Africa High-Level People to People Exchange Mechanism, this increase also exceeded the average percentage of African tourist arrivals to China in a period of 10 years (2008-2018). In 2019, two years after the soft diplomacy measure was implemented, there was a very drastic increase in the arrival of African tourists in China. Based on that result, this research suggested for further research to continue to examine China’s use of soft diplomacy, because soft power itself has been refered to in the 17th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. Keywords: China, Republic of South Africa, China-South Africa High-Level People to People Exchange Mechanism, Tourism, Soft diplomacy
STABILITAS POLITIK DAN EKONOMI UNI EMIRAT ARAB SELAMA TERJADINYA ARAB SPRING
Authors: Azhardiati Firsthy Brina 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT The United Arab Emirates (UEA), located in the Arabian Peninsula, has managed to remain relatively stable in the face of the widespread conflict and unrest brought about by the Arab Spring. This stability can be attributed to the country's political strength and economic power, which have enabled it to effectively respond to the challenges posed by the Arab Spring.This study aims to examine the relationship between the Failed States Index and the stability of the United Arab Emirates during the Arab Spring period. The research methodology utilized a combination of literature review, government reports, international journals, and online resources, with the annual Fragile States Index serving as the primary data source.Using the Failed States concept, the study suggest that the United Arab Emirates was able to remain stable due to the government's ability to manage the conflict by addressing some of the demands of its citizens. According to the Failed States Index, the United Arab Emirates satisfies the criteria that define a stable country.It is recommended that the UAE government approach its citizens to maintain the stability of its country as silencing opposing voices without international repercussions becomes increasingly difficult.Keywords: United Arab Emirates; Arab Spring; Failed States Index
The Potential and Distributional Effects of CBAM Revenues as a New EU Own Resource
Authors: Hillebrandt Ruben 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) revenues are increasingly being discussed as a potential new EU own resource. The aim of this paper is to quantify the revenue potential of the CBAM for the EU budget until 2035. Furthermore, this paper examines the distributional implications of CBAM revenues for Member States. It proposes a methodology to quantify the revenue potential of CBAM and calculates a number of revenue scenarios. The distribution of CBAM revenue among all Member States is compared with the distribution of the GNI-based resource in order to illustrate the distributional effects. According to these results, the annual revenue potential of the CBAM is of the order of €1 billion in the first years after its introduction, rising to around €14 billion by 2035. The distributional effects compared to GNI proportionality are small. The scenario analysis shows the sensitivity of the CBAM revenue forecasts, as they depend crucially on various parameters.
StExCell: novel steam-explosion-based biorefinery concept for dissolving pulp production
Authors: Lê Huy Quang , She Jialin , Fang Wenwen , Sixta Herbert 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
StExCell, a novel sulfur-free and chlorine-free biorefinery concept, based on mild steam explosion followed by mild caustic extraction, oxygen delignification and bleaching, is introduced to produce dissolving pulp for textile application. Steam explosion of Betula pendula at 210 °C for 7 isothermal min (equivalent to a P-factor of ca. 1,250), combined with a total-chlorine-free purification sequence resulted in a fully bleached pulp with only 3.6 % xylan, a slightly wider cellulose molar mass distribution and a higher pulp yield, while consuming only about half of the chemicals, in reference to a prehydrolysis-kraft process. The chemical recovery and valorization of the extracted wood component were not covered by the scope of this work but speculated to be simpler than in a kraft process.
A systematic review and quality assessment of estimated daily intake of microplastics through food
Authors: Heo Su Ji , Moon Nalae , Kim Ju Hee 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Plastic waste enters the oceans and soil and is consumed by organisms and humans. Some of the ingested microplastics may remain in the human body and cause toxicity. We conducted a systematic review to estimate the extent to which humans are exposed to microplastics through consumption and performed a quality assessment of research results. We searched for studies published up to December 2023 and included studies that reported on the characteristics and estimated intake of microplastics. The quality assessment tool reported in previous studies was used for food and drinking water studies. We included 76 studies in the analysis, and the types of foods were classified into seven categories: seafood, drinking water, table salt, fruits and vegetables, beverages, condiments, and meat. The estimated daily intake of microplastics via food was 0.0002–1,531,524 MP/day, with the highest value in bottled water. The quality of food and drinking water studies was evaluated using a quantitative tool to assess reliability. The quality of food studies was 11.50 out of 20 points and the quality of drinking water studies was 11.16 out of 19 points. These results indicate that the closer the score is to the maximum, the more reliable the research findings. The quantitative assessment can be used as an indicator for evaluating the risks of microplastics and can help reduce biases that may occur during the research process. This study confirmed microplastics in foods and human exposure to up to one million microplastics daily. Our study emphasizes the potential for microplastic exposure through food intake and subsequent accumulation in the human body; therefore, efforts are needed to reduce exposure to microplastics in daily life.