bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of different yeast/lactic acid bacteria combinations on the aromatic profile of red Bordeaux wine
Authors: Gammacurta Marine , Marchand Stéphanie , Moine Virginie , de Revel Gilles 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe typical fruity aroma of red Bordeaux wines depends on the grape variety but also on microbiological processes, such as alcoholic and malolactic fermentations. These transformations involve respectively the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the lactic acid bacterium Oenococcus oeni. Both species play a central role in red winemaking but their quantitative and qualitative contribution to the revelation of the organoleptic qualities of wine has not yet been fully described. The aim of this study was to elucidate the influence of sequential inoculation of different yeast and bacteria strains on the aromatic profile of red Bordeaux wine.RESULTSAll microorganisms completed fermentations and no significant difference was observed between tanks regarding the main oenological parameters until 3 months' aging. Regardless of the yeast strain, B28 bacteria required the shortest period to completely degrade the malic acid, compared to the other strain. Quantification of 73 major components highlighted a specific volatile profile corresponding to each microorganism combination. However, the yeast strain appeared to have a predominant effect on aromatic compound levels, as well as on fruity aroma perception.CONCLUSIONYeasts had a greater impact on wine quality and have more influence on the aromatic style of red wine than bacteria. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis and Characterization of Stimuli‐Responsive Star‐Like Polypept(o)ides: Introducing Biodegradable PeptoStars
Authors: Holm Regina , Weber Benjamin , Heller Philipp , Klinker Kristina , Westmeier Dana , Docter Dominic , Stauber Roland H. , Barz Matthias 
Published: February 2017

Star‐like polymers are one of the smallest systems in the class of core crosslinked polymeric nanoparticles. This article reports on a versatile, straightforward synthesis of three‐arm star‐like polypept(o)ide (polysarcosine‐block‐polylysine) polymers, which are designed to be either stable or degradable at elevated levels of glutathione. Polypept(o)ides are a recently introduced class of polymers combining the stealth‐like properties of the polypeptoid polysarcosine with the functionality of polypeptides, thus enabling the synthesis of materials completely based on endogenous amino acids. The star‐like homo and block copolymers are synthesized by living nucleophilic ring opening polymerization of the corresponding N‐carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) yielding polymeric stars with precise control over the degree of polymerization (Xn = 25, 50, 100), Poisson‐like molecular weight distributions, and low dispersities (Đ = 1.06–1.15). Star‐like polypept(o)ides display a hydrodynamic radius of 5 nm (μ2 < 0.05) as determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). While star‐like polysarcosines and polypept(o)ides based on disulfide containing initiators are stable in solution, degradation occurs at 100 × 10–3m glutathione concentration. The disulfide cleavage yields the respective polymeric arms, which possess Poisson‐like molecular weight distributions and low dispersities (Đ = 1.05–1.12). Initial cellular uptake and toxicity studies reveal that PeptoStars are well tolerated by HeLa, HEK 293, and DC 2.4 cells.
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Psychometric Properties and Characteristics of the North‐East Visual Hallucinations Interview in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Holiday Kelsey A. , Pirogovsky‐Turk Eva , Malcarne Vanessa L. , Filoteo J. Vincent , Litvan Irene , Lessig Stephanie L. , Song David , Schiehser Dawn M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundVisual hallucinations (VH) are a common symptom experienced by individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD); however, a validated measure of VH has yet to be established for this population. The North‐East Visual Hallucinations Interview (NEVHI), a promising VH measure, has not been well validated in patients with PD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the convergent and discriminant validity of the NEVHI as well as the proportional identification and characteristics of VH in PD.MethodsOne hundred seventeen individuals with PD completed the NEVHI along with evaluations of psychological, cognitive, motor, and visual functioning as measures of convergent and divergent validity. The hallucination items from the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and the Movement Disorder Society‐sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Scale (MDS‐UPDRS) were used to assess convergent validity.ResultsThe NEVHI identified 20.5% of patients who had PD with VH, which included all individuals identified by the MDS‐UPDRS and NPI and 9 additional individuals who were not identified using the other measures. The NEVHI was strongly correlated with the MDS‐UPDRS hallucinations item and weakly correlated with the NPI VH item. Weak to nonsignificant correlations were observed between the NEVHI and measures of psychological, cognitive, motor, visual, and demographic characteristics.ConclusionThe NEVHI identified a greater number of individuals with VH than either the MDS‐UPDRS or the NPI. The current results demonstrated good convergent validity between the NEVHI and a clinician‐administered, patient‐report measure of VH and excellent divergent validity, supporting the NEVHI as a valid and preferable measure for assessing the presence of VH in PD
A constrained slice‐dependent background suppression scheme for simultaneous multislice pseudo‐continuous arterial spin labeling
Authors: Shao Xingfeng , Wang Yi , Moeller Steen , Wang Danny J.J. 
Published: February 2017

PurposeTo present a constrained slice‐dependent (CSD) background‐suppression (BS) scheme in 2D arterial spin labeling (ASL) using simultaneous multislice acquisition with blipped‐CAIPIRINHA (controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration).MethodsBackground suppression for 2D acquisition is challenging because of the multiple nulling points required for sequential slice readout. Constrained slice‐dependent BS exploits the simultaneous multislice technique to reduce the readout duration, and uses slice‐dependent premodulation pulses to achieve BS across slice groups. The proposed scheme was evaluated by in vivo brain experiments at 3 Tesla with multiband acceleration factors up to four. The utility of CSD BS was demonstrated through comparison against standard 2D acquisitions as well as 3D‐BS pseudo‐continuous ASL (pCASL).ResultsAn average of 95% background signal reduction was achieved with CSD BS. As a result, the temporal signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) increased 48.2/39.9/36.9/36.0% and spatial SNR increased 132.5/80.0/63.5/54.2 in CSD‐BS MB‐1/2/3/4 scans, respectively. Whole‐brain coverage was achievable with CSD‐BS pCASL with MB‐4, which yielded comparable spatial SNR as 3D BS pCASL.ConclusionsThe proposed CSD‐BS scheme for 2D‐SMS pCASL offers a promising approach for effective suppression of background signals across a wide range of T1 to achieve whole‐brain perfusion imaging. Magn Reson Med 79:394–400, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Generation of conditional oncogenic chromosomal translocations using CRISPR–Cas9 genomic editing and homology‐directed repair
Authors: Spraggon Lee , Martelotto Luciano G , Hmeljak Julija , Hitchman Tyler D , Wang Jiang , Wang Lu , Slotkin Emily K , Fan Pang‐Dian , Reis‐Filho Jorge S , Ladanyi Marc 
Published: February 2017

AbstractChromosomal rearrangements encoding oncogenic fusion proteins are found in a wide variety of malignancies. The use of programmable nucleases to generate specific double‐strand breaks in endogenous loci, followed by non‐homologous end joining DNA repair, has allowed several of these translocations to be generated as constitutively expressed fusion genes within a cell population. Here, we describe a novel approach that combines CRISPR–Cas9 technology with homology‐directed repair to engineer, capture, and modulate the expression of chromosomal translocation products in a human cell line. We have applied this approach to the genetic modelling of t(11;22)(q24;q12) and t(11;22)(p13;q12), translocation products of the EWSR1 gene and its 3' fusion partners FLI1 and WT1, present in Ewing's sarcoma and desmoplastic small round cell tumour, respectively. Our innovative approach allows for temporal control of the expression of engineered endogenous chromosomal rearrangements, and provides a means to generate models to study tumours driven by fusion genes. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanical performance of Nano‐Al2O3‐modified composites at cryogenic and room temperatures
Authors: Liang Wenyan , Duan Zhiwei , Sun Kuo , Liang He , Wang Zhenqing , Guo Chunhuan 
Published: February 2017

Mechanical properties of fiber‐reinforced plastic composites at room temperature can be enhanced by adding nanoparticles. However, the damage mechanisms of nanocomposites at low temperatures are still not understood. In this article, different contents of nano‐Al2O3 particles were added on fiber surface by solid–liquid separation method, and vacuum‐assisted resin injection was adopted to manufacture composites laminates. A comparative study on the mechanical behavior of nano‐Al2O3‐filled composite at room and low temperatures was presented. Effect of nano‐Al2O3 particle contents (0, 0.5, 1, and 2 wt%) on the mechanical properties of glass fiber‐reinforced vinyl ester resin (GF/vinyl ester) composite laminates at different temperatures was investigated. The damage mechanism of these composite laminates in various environments was studied. The results showed that to a certain extent, nanoparticles could improve the mechanical properties of composites at 25 and −60°C. With assistance of scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation, the damage mechanisms of the composite laminates in various temperature conditions were further analyzed. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:3006–3012, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers
New route to functional polyolefins: sulfonation of poly[ethylene‐co‐(5,7‐dimethylocta‐1,6‐diene)] and evaluation of properties
Authors: Vicente Ana I , Ferreira Ana E , Ribeiro M Rosário 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAn ethylene/5,7‐dimethylocta‐1,6‐diene copolymer was sulfonated using two different approaches, solution and surface modification, varying parameters such as reaction time, temperature and concentration of the sulfonation reagent. Techniques such as attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and elemental analysis confirmed the successful sulfonation of the copolymer by both methods. Water uptake studies showed that the polarity of the initial copolymer was markedly changed upon functionalization and that the sulfonation by the in‐solution method produced more hydrophilic polymers compared to the surface procedure. Moreover, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis pointed out additional changes to the thermal properties of the sulfonated polymers relative to the copolymer precursor. This study showed that the sulfonation process of the non‐polar ethylene–diene copolymer led to a new hydrophilic material with a potential wide range of applications. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Rapid characterization of trace aflatoxin B1 in groundnuts, wheat and maize by dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction followed by direct electrospray probe tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Satarpai Thiphol , Siripinyanond Atitaya , Su Hung , Shiea Jentaie 
Published: February 2017

RationaleAflatoxins are poisonous and cancer‐related chemical compounds commonly found in crops and plants. Aflatoxin B1 is the most toxic compound among aflatoxins and has been classified as group 1 carcinogenic to humans, especially in liver cancer. Herein, an ambient mass spectrometric method was developed for rapid characterization of trace aflatoxin B1 in peanuts.MethodsDirect electrospray probe tandem mass spectrometry (DEP‐MS/MS) was used to detect aflatoxin B1 in peanuts. To avoid the matrix effect, the aflatoxin B1 in the samples was extracted and concentrated by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. The mass spectrometer was operated in the positive ion mode to monitor the intact molecular ion (m/z 313, MH+) and product ion (m/z 241) of aflatoxin B1 using multiple reaction monitoring.ResultsSince no clean‐up procedure of the sample was required, the sampling step and the subsequent mass spectrometric detection of the aflatoxin B1 was completed in less than 5 min. The limit of detection of aflatoxin B1 is at the sub‐ppb level. The results obtained by DEP‐MS/MS were also validated by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Recovery of aflatoxin B1 in the sample was evaluated by analyzing spiked aflatoxin B1 with LC/MS/MS to be 85% and DEP‐MS/MS to be 84%.ConclusionsDEP‐MS/MS combined with a simple dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction procedure was successfully used for the quantitative analysis of AFB1 in nut samples. Due to its high efficiency, it is promising in providing important toxicological information for food safety in the real world. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Progenitors in Peripheral Nerves Launch Heterotopic Ossification
Authors: Olmsted-Davis Elizabeth A. , Salisbury Elizabeth A. , Hoang Diana , Davis Eleanor L. , Lazard ZaWaunyka , Sonnet Corinne , Davis Thomas A. , Forsberg Jonathan A. , Davis Alan R. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Studies presented here, using a murine model of bone morphogenetic protein type 2 (BMP2)-induced heterotopic ossification (HO) show that the protein initiates HO by signaling through progenitors in the endoneurium of peripheral nerves. In the mouse, these cells were identified in the endoneurium one day after BMP2 induction using antibody against phosphoSMAD (PS) 1, 5, and 8. Studies conducted in a tracking mouse that contains a tamoxifen-regulated Wnt1-Cre recombinase crossed with a td Tomato red (TR) reporter (Wnt1CreErt:Ai9Tm) confirmed their neural origin. In this model both BMP2 induction and tamoxifen are absolutely required to induce TR. SP7+(osterix+)TR+ cells were found in the endoneurium on day 1 and associated with bone on day 7. Quantification of TR+ and TR− cells isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting showed that all SP7+ cells were found in the TR+ population, whereas only about 80% of the TR+ cells expressed SP7. Pre-chondrocytes (Sox 9+) and transient brown fat (tBAT, UCP1+) also coexpressed TR, suggesting that the progenitor in nerves is multi-potential. The endoneurium of human nerves near the site of HO contained many PS+ cells, and SP7+ cells were found in nerves and on bone in tissue from patients with HO. Control tissues and nerves did not contain these PS+ and SP7+ cells. Some osteoblasts on bone from patients with HO were positive for PS, suggesting the continued presence of BMP during bone formation. The data suggests that the progenitors for HO are derived from the endoneurium in both the mouse model of HO and in humans with HO.
Do cognitive distortions explain the longitudinal relationship between life adversity and emotional and behavioural problems in secondary school children?
Authors: Panourgia Constantina , Comoretto Amanda 
Published: February 2017

AbstractResearch has shown that children exposed to life adversity are at higher risk of negative developmental outcomes than those enduring lower stress levels. Life adversity can lead, among other things, to emotional and behavioural problems. Several factors have been studied to explain this relationship, with several investigators underlining the role of thought structures such as cognitive distortions, which refer to negatively biased information‐processing of external events. This can help explain why some individuals characterised by adverse personal life stories interpret ambiguous events in a negatively biased way. This study was aimed at assessing the mediating role of cognitive distortions in the longitudinal relationship between life adversity and two dimensions of psychopathology, namely, emotional and behavioural problems in 247 secondary school children attending three state secondary schools in one county in the South East of England. An increase in life adversity was associated with an increase in cognitive distortions, which was in turn related to a higher number of symptoms reflecting behavioural issues. In terms of practical applications, an effort to protect children from further exposure to adverse life events could represent a step forward to prevent the development of future behavioural problems in at‐risk children.
Ganzheitliche Analyse von Stahl‐ und Verbundeisenbahnbrücken
Authors: Kuhlmann Ulrike , Breunig Stephanie , Pascual Ana , Mensinger Martin , Pfaffinger Marjolaine 
Published: February 2017

AbstractUntersuchungen zur Nachhaltigkeit von Infrastrukturprojekten unterscheiden sich von vergleichbaren Untersuchungen zu Hochbauten besonders durch die lange Lebensdauer der Objekte. Fragen zur Nachhaltigkeit sind also immer auch Fragen zur Dauerhaftigkeit und einfacher und möglichst störungsfreier Instandhaltung über die lange Lebenszeit. Durch die Ausführung innovativer Eisenbahnbrücken in Stahl‐ und Verbundbauweise können Sperrzeiten, die aus dem Bau selbst bzw. von Instandhaltungsmaßnahmen während der Nutzung resultieren, auf ein Minimum reduziert werden. Außerdem wirkt sich die Optimierung entscheidender ermüdungskritischer Details positiv auf die Bilanz im Lebens zyklus des Brückenbauwerks aus. Im Rahmen des FOSTA‐AiF‐Forschungsprojekts „Ganzheitliche Bewertung von Stahl‐ und Verbundeisenbahnbrücken nach Kriterien der Nachhaltigkeit” wurden verschiedene innovative Eisenbahnbrückentypen ihren korrespondierenden herkömmlichen Brückenbauarten gegenübergestellt und über den gesamten Lebenszyklus bewertet.Während in diesem Beitrag die untersuchten innovativen Brückenvarianten in konstruktiver Hinsicht dargestellt und Optimierungsvorschläge und Bemessungsansätze erläutert werden, werden im zweiten Beitrag der ganzheitliche Bewertungsansatz und Ergebnisse der Nachhaltigkeitsbewertung für die untersuchten Stahl‐ und Verbundeisenbahnbrücken vorgestellt [4].
Planung und Prüfung der Talbrücke
Authors: Mansperger Tobias , Jung Rolf , Köberlin Thomas , Hertle Robert 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDie am südlichen Stadtrand der Residenzstadt Würzburg ge legene im Jahr 1964 errichtete Talbrücke Heidingsfeld im Zuge der BAB A3 wird gegenwärtig durch eine moderne Verbundbrücke ersetzt. Aufgrund der exponierten Lage der Brücke, die vom Würzburger Stadtgebiet weithin sichtbar ist, wurde im Vorfeld ein Realisierungswett bewerb durchgeführt. Für jede Richtungsfahrbahn wird der einzellige Stahlkasten des 635 m langen Überbaus über bis zu 120 m lange Felder eingeschoben. Anschließend wird die Fahrbahnplatte mit auf Konsolen aufgelegten Halbfertigteilen im Bereich der Kragarme und im Bereich des Kastens durch direkte Betonage auf das geschlossene Deckblech hergestellt. Diese Bauweise zeichnet sich durch eine hohe Torsionssteifigkeit des Stahlkastens im Bauzustand, geringes Zusatzgewicht der Stahlbetonfahrbahnplatte und eine kurze und damit wirtschaftliche Herstellung aus.
Therapeutic genome engineering via CRISPR‐Cas systems
Authors: Moreno Ana M. , Mali Prashant 
Published: February 2017

Differences in genomes underlie most organismal diversity, and aberrations in genomes underlie many disease states. With the growing knowledge of the genetic and pathogenic basis of human disease, development of safe and efficient platforms for genome and epigenome engineering will transform our ability to therapeutically target human diseases and also potentially engineer disease resistance. In this regard, the recent advent of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–CRISPR‐associated (Cas) RNA‐guided nuclease systems have transformed our ability to target nucleic acids. Here we review therapeutic genome engineering applications with a specific focus on the CRISPR‐Cas toolsets. We summarize past and current work, and also outline key challenges and future directions. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2017, 9:e1380. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1380This article is categorized under:

Laboratory Methods and Technologies > Genetic/Genomic Methods
Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine > Therapeutic Methods
Transcriptomic Analysis of THP‐1 Macrophages Exposed to Lipoprotein Hydrolysis Products Generated by Lipoprotein Lipase
Authors: Thyagarajan Narmadaa , Marshall Jenika D. , Pickett Arthur T. , Schumacher Clemens , Yang Yanbo , Christian Sherri L. , Brown Robert J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMacrophage lipoprotein lipase (LPL) induces lipid accumulation and promotes atherosclerosis. However, the effects of lipoprotein hydrolysis products generated by LPL on macrophage‐derived foam cell formation are not clearly understood. Thus, we analyzed the transcriptomic response to hydrolysis products via microarray analyses on RNA isolated from human THP‐1 macrophages incubated with total lipoprotein hydrolysis products generated by LPL. The expression of 183 transcripts was significantly upregulated and 133 transcripts were significantly downregulated. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that there was a significant over‐representation of genes involved in cell cycling, stress response, type I interferon signaling, cellular metal ion homeostasis, sterol metabolism, and nuclease activity. Interestingly, transcripts for 63 small nucleolar RNA were significantly upregulated. We verified the microarray data by quantitative real‐time PCR and found that the expression of SNORA56, as well as the expression of genes associated with the cell cycle (PCNA and DKC1 variant 3), stress response (ATF3), type I interferon signaling (IFITM1), and lipid metabolism (CD36 and PLIN2) were significantly affected by LPL hydrolysis products. To determine if the free fatty acid (FFA) component of total lipoprotein hydrolysis products is sufficient to alter the expression of these genes, THP‐1 macrophages were also incubated with the total FFA or individual classes of the FFA component. The gene regulation by the FFA component did not mimic that of the hydrolysis products, suggesting that the regulation of gene expression in THP‐1 macrophages depends on the specific combination and concentration of lipid species present in the hydrolysis products, and not solely on FFA.
Tannin-caprolactam and Tannin-PEG formulations as outdoor wood preservatives: biological properties
Authors: Hu Jinbo , Thevenon Marie-France , Palanti Sabrina , Tondi Gianluca 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Key Message
This article presents the enhancement in boron fixation as well as the improved biological resistance against fungi and termites for wood samples treated with tannin-caprolactam and tannin-PEG formulations.

Context
Although the recently developed tannin-boron wood preservatives have shown high biological protection, they presented also average resistance against weathering. The tannin-caprolactam formulations have shown improved weathering resistances and dimensional stability.

Aims
For this reason, more detailed biological tests were performed to evaluate the influence of the caprolactam and PEG on the biological resistance.

Methods
In this paper, the boron leaching of the tannin-caprolactam and tannin-PEG impregnated Scots pine specimens was observed and the biocidal effect against fungi (Antrodia spp. and Coniophora puteana) and insects (Reticulitermes flavipes and Hylotrupes bajulus) were determined according to the guidelines of EN 113, EN 117, and EN 47.

Results
The advanced formulations containing PEG have shown interesting resistance against fungal decay, but very low penetration and weak resistance against larvae while the tannin-caprolactam preservatives have shown overall improved biological performances and higher boron fixations.

Conclusion
The biocidal activity of the caprolactam-added formulations was overall enhanced and therefore these formulations are confirmed to be an interesting alternative for the wood preservation in outdoor environment.