bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Compliance of Randomized Controlled Trial Abstracts in Plastic Surgery Journals with CONSORT Guidelines Using GPT-4 AI
Authors: Al Qurashi Abdullah A. , Hajja Amro , Alabdul Razzak Ghazi F. , Alkuwaity Dana Waleed , Chaudhri Eman Naeem , Alharbi Ruba Ibrahim , Al Dwehji Adnan M. Osama , Almusa Hala Abdullah , Asaad Alanoud Hammam , Alobaidi Hussain Amin , Halawani Ibrahim R. , Gelidan Adnan G. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
The quality of reporting in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is crucial for accurate interpretation and synthesis of evidence. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines provide a standardized framework for reporting RCT abstracts. This study aimed to evaluate the adherence of RCT abstracts published in three major plastic surgery journals to the CONSORT tool guideline for reporting abstracts, utilizing Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 artificial intelligence (GPT-4 AI) technology.

Methods:
Abstracts of RCTs published between 2010 and 2023 were collected. The GPT-4 AI model was utilized to assess the abstracts based on the CONSORT criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to report the compliance scores and identify areas where abstracts lacked compliance.

Results:
Of the initially identified 500 abstracts, a total of 371 RCT abstracts met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. The mean CONSORT score was 10.05 (±2.22), with a median score of 10.72. Specific areas where abstracts lacked compliance included trial design (39.6%), participant details (28.8%), intervention descriptions (15.6%), randomization process (25.3%), and the number of participants analyzed (33.4%). Trial registration (18.3%) and funding information (15.1%) were also frequently missing.

Conclusions:
Our study’s innovative use of the GPT-4 AI model for analysis demonstrated the potential of AI technology in streamlining and enhancing the evaluation of research compliance. We advocate for heightened awareness and more rigorous application of CONSORT guidelines among authors, reviewers, and journal editors. Emphasizing the role of AI technology in the evaluative process can further improve the reporting quality of future RCTs in plastic surgery, contributing to more reliable and transparent research in the field.
A Case Report of Proximal Palm Giant Lipoma Leading to Double Nerve Compression, with a Brief Literature Review
Authors: Alelyani Rakan H. , Rasheed Faryal S. , Alazzmi Hana A. , Alfadhel Emad A. , Alaqil Sultan N. , Alobaidi Hussain A. , Alkadi Danah Y. , Assad Majd A. , Hanawi Maha D. , Nawwab Eyad A. 
Published: October 2024

Summary:
Lipomas are frequently found as benign neoplasms in humans, mainly in the head, neck, and upper limb regions. Because of their rare occurrence in hands and digits, such cases attract researchers’ attention. A case description of a 28-year-old Saudi male patient is presented with a large-size lipoma at the distal forearm, carpal tunnel, and Guyon canal area, with numbness of the central three digits and grip strength weakness of his left hand. The nature of the lesion was a benign, subcutaneous, multilobulated lipoma, removed surgically to prevent malignant transformation and deterioration in neuropathy.
The impact of a pediatric malnutrition telehealth clinic on anthropometric measurements in children aged 6–59 months in rural Guatemala
Authors: Sobczak Bernadette , Jennings Gregory , Henderson Rochelle , Lyerla Frank 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Guatemala, a country with high rates of pediatric malnutrition, has significant challenges including food and potable water insecurity and a lack of health care providers.

Purpose:
This study examined the impact of telehealth clinic attendance on pediatric malnutrition scores.

Methodology:
A sample of 42 Guatemalan children aged 6–59 months with malnutrition were recruited to participate in eight clinic events, including two in-person and six telehealth clinics. Six telehealth clinics were held at 4- to 6-week intervals, bookended by an initial and concluding in-person event. Nonparametric tests were used to analyze changes between baseline and last visit z-scores for height, weight for length, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and body mass index (BMI) and to examine the relationship between the number of telehealth visits and z-score measurements at baseline and last visit.

Results:
The number of children with severe malnutrition at baseline by weight for length, BMI, and MUAC decreased by the last visit. A decrease occurred in the number of children with stunted height. Changes in z-scores for height, weight for length, BMI, and MUAC between study onset and last visit did not reach statistical significance. Statistically significant relationships existed between clinic attendance and baseline and last visit weight for height/length z-scores and baseline MUAC z-scores.

Conclusions:
Positive improvements in nutritional status occurred, especially among children with severe malnutrition. Children with severe malnutrition had significantly better telehealth attendance.

Implications:
Studies with larger sample sizes are needed. Study results indicate that telehealth may be a tool to battle global pediatric malnutrition.
Measuring Professional Governance
Authors: Lundmark Martina , Antonsson Linda , Nobrell Anette , Hommel Ami , Ramji Rathi 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE
To translate the Verran Professional Governance Scale© (VPGS©) into Swedish, adapt it to the Swedish context, and validate it.

BACKGROUND
Magnet®-recognized hospitals have proven successful in reversing negative trends regarding nursing shortage. A change in organizational and management structures is required, and professional governance is fundamental. However, in a Swedish context, there are no validated instruments to measure professional governance.

METHODS
The instrument was translated from English to Swedish and synthesized into a unified version. It was back translated, discussed in an expert panel, and pilot tested with cognitive interviews of nurses.

RESULTS
A new Swedish version of the VPGS© was developed. The expert group reached a consensus, and the scale-level Content Validity Index value shows high relevance. Some words and sentences were revised, and an introduction was added.

CONCLUSIONS
The study generated a Swedish version of the VPGS©, which can be used to measure nurses' perceptions of professional governance behaviors.
Aligning the World Health Organization's (WHO) package of interventions for rehabilitation for cancer with the mission of the International Psycho-Oncology Society's: promoting psychosocial care for all people affected by cancer
Authors: Signorelli Christina , Hart Nicolas H. , Mullen Louise , Nekhlyudov Larissa , Travado Luzia , Lam Wendy W. T. , Henry Melissa , László Dégi Csaba , Haywood Darren , Jefford Michael 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The number of people living with and beyond cancer continues to increase worldwide, bringing significant attention to their rehabilitation needs. Globally, psychosocial services are largely inadequate, with many cancer survivors experiencing unmet psychosocial needs. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes rehabilitation as an essential component of universal health coverage to prevent disease-related conditions, while also improving physical and mental functioning and overall well-being. The Package of Interventions for Rehabilitation (PIR) was developed by the WHO to address the global need for rehabilitation across 20 conditions with high prevalence and high levels of associated disability, including cancer. Many aspects of the WHO PIR align with the mission and focus of the International Psycho-Oncology Society (IPOS). This commentary describes the WHO PIR for Cancer and proposes opportunities to advance cancer rehabilitation research, policy, and practice as they align with recent and ongoing initiatives of IPOS.
Multiorgan Crystal Deposition in Acute Ethylene Glycol Toxicity
Authors: Uy Matthew , Molina Kimberley 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Ethylene glycol (EG) is a widely available chemical and a well-known toxin in forensic pathology, which can lead to severe metabolic acidosis and death. Its metabolism in the body leads to formation of calcium oxalate (CO) crystals, which can precipitate in the kidney leading to renal failure. Although the identification of CO crystals in the kidney is widely known, the deposition of CO crystals in other organs has only occasionally been reported and seldom studied. This report examines 18 deaths due to EG toxicity for the presence of CO crystals in various organs. CO crystals were identified most often in the kidneys, followed by the brain and lungs. It is hypothesized that crystal deposition in these other organs may contribute to the toxicity of EG.
Immersive virtual reality for chronic neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury: a pilot, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Tabacof Laura , Salazar Sophia I. , Breyman Erica , Nasr Leila , Dewill Sophie , Aitken Annie , Canori Alexandra , Kypros Michael , Cortes Mar , Fry Adam , Wood Jamie , Putrino David 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Neuropathic pain (NP) poses significant challenges for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), often inadequately managed by current interventions. Immersive virtual reality (IVR) has emerged as a promising approach for pain modulation, yet robust evidence is lacking.

Objectives:
This pilot study investigated the analgesic effects of different IVR environments (scenic, somatic) compared with a control environment, and explored psychomotor properties influencing pain attenuation.

Methods:
Twenty-two participants with NP caused by SCI were randomized into 3 IVR environments: somatic (n = 8), scenic (n = 7), and control (n = 8), undergoing 3 weekly sessions over 4 weeks with baseline, postintervention, and one-month follow-ups.

Results:
There was a significant interaction effect between VR environment and time point on Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory scores (F(4,37.0) = 2.80, P = 0.04). Scenic VR participants exhibited reduced scores postintervention and at follow-up, with no significant changes in somatic VR or control environments. Similar trends were observed in secondary measures, such as Neuropathic Pain Scale and pain numeric rating scale. Enjoyment and presence were associated with decreased pain-change scores (F(1, 252) = 4.68, P = 0.03 for enjoyment; F(1, 223.342) = 7.92, P = 0.005 for presence), although not significantly influenced by VR environment or time point.

Conclusion:
Both environments showed reduced pain outcomes, underscoring the need for personalized IVR pain therapies and informing further technology development for NP management.
Diffusely Increased FDG Uptake of the Kidney Caused by Severe Renal Artery Stenosis
Authors: Jiao Benzheng , Yang Liping , Ma Xiaobo , Dong Aisheng , Zhao Hongguang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Renal artery stenosis can result in renovascular hypertension and ischemic nephropathy. We describe FDG PET/CT and delayed abdominal FDG PET/MRI findings in a kidney associated with severe renal artery stenosis resulting from renal artery invasion in retroperitoneal alveolar echinococcosis. The renal parenchyma showed diffusely increased activity on both FDG PET/CT and delayed FDG PET/MRI. There was no activity in the renal collecting system on FDG PET/CT and focal urine activity in the renal calyces on delayed FDG PET/MRI. This case indicates that renal artery stenosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of diffuse renal parenchymal FDG uptake.
Spatial Transcriptomic Signatures of Early Acute T Cell–mediated Rejection in Kidney Transplants
Authors: Kang Minji , Kwon Haeyoon , Song Jeongin , Jang Yunyoung , Yang Seung Hee , Cha Seung-Min , Moon Ji Hwan , Kim Yong Chul , Kim Hyun Je 
Published: October 2024

Background.
Kidney transplantation significantly improves the quality of life for those with end-stage renal failure, yet allograft rejection resulting from immune cell interactions remains a persistent challenge. Although T cell–directed immunosuppressive drugs effectively contain graft rejection in most patients, a notable proportion still experiences acute T cell–mediated rejection (TCMR). Despite an emphasis on suppressing T cell–mediated immune responses, successful control over TCMR is not always achieved, suggesting the potential involvement of factors beyond T cells.

Methods.
Biopsy samples from suspicious (borderline) for acute TCMR (borderline TCMR) and non-TCMR patients were obtained 9 d postsurgery, and spatial transcriptomics profiling was conducted using the GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler platform. Regions of interest in the glomerulus and interstitium were selected on the basis of immunohistochemistry staining anti-CD3 to identify areas with T-lymphocyte infiltration. Differential gene expression analysis was performed using unpaired t tests.

Results.
Unbiased clustering of transcriptional profiles across all regions of interest showed distinct transcriptional profiles between glomeruli and interstitium in non-TCMR samples, whereas borderline TCMR samples displayed no distinct transcriptional profiles between these regions. Contrary to the prevailing T cell–centric view, we observed pathways and genes associated with innate immunity-related inflammatory conditions expressed in glomerular regions of borderline TCMR biopsies. Immunofluorescence staining for CD68 confirmed the presence of macrophages in the glomeruli of the post-TCMR sample in a validation cohort, indicating macrophage involvement in the glomerular response after TCMR.

Conclusions.
Activation of the innate immune response in borderline TCMR appears to impact not only the interstitium but also the glomerulus. Glomerulus-specific immune signatures suggest the role of the innate immune system in rejection. This nuanced understanding proposes the necessity for tailored therapeutic interventions targeting both innate and adaptive immune pathways to enhance transplant outcomes.
Nova Scotia’s Deemed Consent for Deceased Organ Donation: Family Member Perspectives and Experiences in the ICU Setting
Authors: Sarti Aimee J. , Sutherland Stephanie , Weiss Matthew J. , Landry Alain , Hemming Heather , Dirk Jade , Lotherington Ken , Beed Stephen 
Published: October 2024

Background.
The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of family members of potential organ donors in the intensive care unit following the change to deemed consent legislation in Nova Scotia.

Methods.
This was a qualitative study with semistructured, in-depth interviews with 17 family members who were asked to make an organ donation decision on behalf of patients admitted to the intensive care unit in Nova Scotia. We analyzed themes using a descriptive approach. Participants were recruited from the organ donation organization in Nova Scotia, Canada.

Results.
Participant awareness and knowledge of the Human Organ and Tissue Donation Act legislation varied from individuals having no awareness and knowledge of the bill to those who had awareness and optimism that the legislation would be beneficial for increasing organ donation rates in the province. Other themes emerging from the interviews included (1) COVID context, (2) quality of healthcare professional care, (3) family support, and (4) barriers to donation (waiting, consent questionnaire, and patient transfers).

Conclusions.
The Human Organ and Tissue Donation Act legislation included enhanced support, which was viewed positively by family members. There is a need for continued evaluation as most participants felt it was too early to see the tangible impacts of the newly implemented legislation.
A Novel GelMA-OrnMA Electrically Conductive Bioink for Developing Engineered Neural Tissues
Authors: Sakr Mahmoud A. , Dixit Kartikeya , Hyun Kinam , Siddiqua Sumi , Shin Su Ryon , Kumar Hitendra , Kim Keekyoung 
Published: October 2024

AbstractElectrical conductivity is a crucial requirement of matrices for developing engineered neural tissues. A conductive matrix not only supports cell growth but also provides potential to stimulate the cells. However, electrically conductive matrices often require inclusion of synthetic polymers, nanomaterials and large number of ionic species. While enhancing electrical conductivity, often properties like transparency, mechanical stiffness and biocompatibility are compromised which can render the resulting matrices partially suitable for neural tissue engineering. Further, the byproducts of matrix degradation can have unforeseen influences. Therefore, electrically active matrices are required which provide a suitable combination of electrical conductivity, mechanical properties and biocompatibility. In this work, a novel biomaterial is described which results in optically transparent, electrically conductive and highly biocompatible matrices along with ability to match the native neural tissue stiffness. Using gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) as base hydrogel, we covalently incorporated zwitterionic functional groups to obtain a composite matrix. The zwitterion moieties were derived from Ornithine by synthesizing ornithine methacryloyl (OrnMA) and blending with GelMA inks. Through systematic characterization we demonstrated the suitability of GelMA-OrnMA hydrogels in providing mechanical stiffness matching the native neural tissues, supporting proliferation of human astrocytes in 3D culture and electrical conductivity in the range required for electrically active cell types like astrocytes. Owing to their electrical conductivity, these matrices also influenced the growth of astrocytes which manifested as significant changes in their organization and morphology. These findings suggest that GelMA-OrnMA has immense potential as a bioink for developing engineered neural tissues.
Benchmarking Sequence-Based and AlphaFold-Based Methods for pMHC-II Binding Core Prediction: Distinct Strengths and Consensus Approaches
Authors: Ko Soobon , Li Honglan , Kim Hongeun , Shin Woong-Hee , Ko Junsu , Choi Yoonjoo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundInteractions between peptide and MHC class II (pMHC-II) are crucial for T-cell recognition and immune responses, as MHC-II molecules present peptide fragments to T cells, enabling the distinction between self and non-self antigens. Accurately predicting the pMHC-II binding core is particularly important because it provides insights into pMHC-II interactions and T-cell receptor engagement. Given the high polymorphism and peptide-binding promiscuity of MHC-II molecules, computational prediction methods are essential for understanding pMHC-II interactions. While sequence-based methods are widely used, recent advances in AlphaFold-based structure prediction have opened new possibilities for improving pMHC-II binding core predictions.ResultsWe benchmarked four recent pMHC-II prediction methods with a focus on binding core prediction: two sequence-based methods, NetMHCIIpan and DeepMHCII, and two AlphaFold-based structure prediction methods, AlphaFold2 fine-tuned for peptide interactions (AF2-FT) and AlphaFold3 (AF3). The AlphaFold-based methods showed strong performance in predicting positive binders, with AF3 achieving the highest positive recall (0.86) and AF2-FT performing similarly (0.81). However, both methods frequently misclassified unbound peptides as binders. NetMHCIIpan excelled at identifying non-binders, achieving the highest negative recall (0.93), but had lower positive recall (0.44). In contrast, DeepMHCII demonstrated moderate performance without any notable strength. Consensus approaches combining AlphaFold-based methods for binder identification with filtering using NetMHCIIpan improved overall prediction precision (0.94 and 0.87 for known and unknown binding status, respectively).ConclusionsThis study highlights the complementary strengths of AlphaFold-based and sequence-based methods for predicting pMHC-II binding core regions. AlphaFold-based methods excel in predicting positive binders, while NetMHCIIpan is highly effective at identifying non-binders. Future research should focus on improving the prediction of unbound peptides for AlphaFold-based models. Since NetMHCIIpan’s binding core predictive ability is already high, future efforts should concentrate on enhancing its binding prediction to further improve overall accuracy.
Unraveling the Potential of Hypericin: A Novel Approach to Targeting PCSK9 Mutations in Cholesterol Management
Authors: Ferrari Ivan Vito 
Published: October 2024

AbstractProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) plays a pivotal role in regulating cholesterol metabolism by promoting the degradation of low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR), leading to elevated levels of LDL cholesterol in the bloodstream. Recent studies have identified key residues—Arg-194, Asp-374, and Phe-379—that are crucial for the interaction between PCSK9 and LDLR, and mutations in these residues can significantly alter this interaction. In this study, we employed molecular docking and in silico mutational analysis to assess the binding affinities of natural compounds, including Hypericin, amentoflavone, Bilobetin, Gingetin, and Progesterone, to wild-type and mutant PCSK9. We explored nine specific PCSK9 mutations (R194, D374Y, F379), targeting changes in residues known to influence LDLR binding affinity. Our results indicate that Hypericin demonstrates favorable binding to wild-type PCSK9, interacting with the critical residues involved in LDLR binding, while other mutations yield diverse effects on compound affinities. Notably, certain mutations, such as R194A and D374Y, significantly impact binding affinities, revealing both potential benefits and challenges in targeting PCSK9 with natural compounds. This study provides insights into potential therapeutic strategies for modulating PCSK9 activity and suggests new avenues for developing safer, more effective treatments for hypercholesterolemia.
Relation of CMV and brain atrophy to trajectories of immunosenescence in diverse populations
Authors: Touil Hanane , Luquez Tain , Comandante-Lou Natacha , Lee Annie J , Fujita Masashi , Habeck Christian , Kroshilina Alex , Hegewisch-Solloa Everardo , McInvale Julie , Zuroff Leah , Isnard Stephane , Walker Elisabeth , Zhang Lili , Routy Jean-Pierre , Zhang Ya , Mace Emily M. , Klotz Luisa , Wiendl Heinz , Xia Zongqi , Bar-Or Amit , Menon Vilas , Stern Yaakov , De Jager Philip L. 
Published: October 2024

SummaryImmunosenescence (ISC), the aging of the immune system, has largely been studied in populations of European descent. Here, circulating immune cell cytometric data from African-American, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White participants were generated. Known and novel age effects were identified using either a meta-analysis approach or a parallel genetic approach. Most results are consistent across the three populations, but some cell populations display evidence of heterogeneity, such as a PD-L1+CD56+NK cell subset. The study estimated “Immunological Age” (IA) during physiologic aging. While we found no relation of IA to Multiple Sclerosis, IA is associated with entorhinal cortex atrophy, a presymptomatic feature of Alzheimer’s disease, linking neurodegeneration and peripheral immunity. ISC trajectories were also inferred, highlighting age, CMV status, and genetic ancestry as key influences. Our assessment offers reference ISC trajectories for personalization of assessments of immune function over the life course in diverse populations.