bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blind faith in the web? Internet use and empowerment among visually and hearing impaired adults: a qualitative study of benefits and barriers
Authors: Abeele Mariek Vanden , de Cock Rozane , Roe Keith 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In this article we explore and contrast the uses and gratifications (sought and obtained) of the internet for blind/visually impaired and deaf/hearing impaired individuals. The uses and gratifications approach integrates the different issues that surround disabled persons’ internet use into one rich and coherent framework which allows a better understanding of the relationship between benefits obtained from internet use, underlying needs and the barriers that create gaps between gratifications sought and obtained. Based on 21 in-depth interviews, our study shows that both visually and hearing impaired individuals use the internet mostly for gathering information and for communicating with friends and family; meeting new people online was not a priority need. To a great extent these internet uses are driven by the underlying need for independence and active agency. Although our visually and hearing impaired informants share this need, the two groups differ in the gratifications obtained from the internet due to different barriers that hinder their use.
A mixed report: The effects of strategic and substantive news content on political cynicism and voting
Authors: Adriaansen Maud L. , van Praag Philip , de Vreese Claes H. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This article examines the effects of strategic and substantive news on political cynicism, turnout intention and voter uncertainty, drawing on two experiments (n = 451, 18–25 year-olds). We found that among less politically knowledgeable citizens, all news mobilizes, but strategic news also induces cynicism. For the more knowledgeable citizens, we found that the combination of strategic and substantive news yields slightly less cynicism and that substantive news makes these citizens reconsider their voting choice. Overall, we only found favorable or neutral effects among the more knowledgeable, while we found both favorable and unfavorable effects among the less knowledgeable. The implications for news effects research are discussed.
How much sex is there in soap operas on British TV?
Authors: Al-Sayed Rami , Gunter Barrie 
Published: July 2016

AbstractSexual depictions were analyzed in 139 episodes of seven drama serials on British mainstream television over a four-week period in November–December 2006. Scenes that depicted sexual behavior and talk about sexual matters were counted separately. Further distinctions were made on the basis of the levels of intimacy and the graphic nature of portrayals. A total of 506 sexual scenes were found that occurred at the rate of 6.5 per hour across the seven soaps, but this figure was inflated by one late-night serial that averaged 16.0 scenes per hourly episode. Nearly two-thirds of these scenes were restricted to talk about sexual matters, while the others contained overt depictions of sexual behavior. Sexual intercourse was relatively rare and restricted in terms of overt depictions to the late-night serial. Passionate kissing was far more prevalent throughout these programs regardless of the time of day the program was transmitted. When sexual intercourse was featured, this was generally in the context of loss of virginity or of infidelity.
The internet and sexual identity formation: Comparing Internet use before and after coming out
Authors: Szulc Łukasz , Dhoest Alexander 
Published: July 2016

AbstractEven in its early years, the Internet was recognized as a medium with great potential for lesbians, gay men, and bisexual individuals (LGBs), especially for LGB youths struggling with their sexual identity. Yet, Internet research related to coming out tends to focus on particular cases or Internet use before and during coming out. Consequently, as such research emphasizes the opportunities and positive aspects of the Internet for LGBs, it may lead to an overestimation of the importance of sexual identity in terms of LGB Internet use. Therefore, in this paper we explore the LGB-specific Internet use of a broad crosssection of the LGB community both before or during and after coming out. Our quantitative online survey and in-depth interviews show that LGBs use the Internet for LGB-oriented purposes less after coming out than before or during it. The results suggest that sexual identity becomes a less salient topic in terms of everyday Internet use after coming out.
Young people’s news orientations and uses of traditional and new media for news
Authors: Van Cauwenberge Anna , d’Haenens Leen , Beentjes Hans 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis article reports on Flemish college students’ news orientations and their uses of traditional and new media for news within a public service media environment. We used five homogeneous focus groups that covered variation in news media use. The analysis of the focus groups revealed major differences in news behaviors and attitudes between participants who mainly depended on traditional media for news, and those who also went online for news. While a growing body of research reports on young people’s increasing use of online media for news, particularly among those that are most disengaged with traditional news media, our findings indicated that only the most eager news-users were motivated to gather information online. Additionally, we found that traditional media, in particular national quality papers and the Flemish public service newscast, were still the main reference points for public affairs information among our participants.
In the footsteps of Bob and Angelina: Celebrities’ diverse societal engagement and its ability to attract media coverage
Authors: Panis Koen , Van den Bulck Hilde 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWhile media coverage is a main aim of celebrities’ societal engagement, academic analysis of its news-making ability is scarce. As a diverse phenomenon, we argue that the ability of celebrities’ societal engagement to attract media attention depends on how certain characteristics (i.e., celebrities’ claim to fame, roles they take on and issues they support) fit news selection criteria to a greater or lesser extent. First, this article determines how the three studied components (claim to fame, role and issue) relate to each other by means of an internet search and analysis. Second, using the internet data as a benchmark, the article looks at how celebrities’ engagement is covered in Flemish newspapers. Results suggest that certain forms of celebrities’ societal engagement are more likely than others to generate media coverage, as Flemish newspapers tend to focus more on the issue of development aid, ad hoc celebrity roles, and local Flemish celebrities and issues.
Save me, save them! Trash talk shows and the third-person effect
Authors: Guerrero-Solé Frederic , Besalú Reinald , López-González Hibai 
Published: July 2016

AbstractSince Davison (1983) proposed the hypothesis regarding the Third-Person Effect (TPE), it has been widely accepted by researchers in communication. The objective of this study is to test both perceptual and behavioral components of TPE in Spain related to media in general, violent, pornographic, and trash TV shows (in particular, the TV show
Assessing the role of adhesives in durability of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) by fracture mechanics
Authors: Mirzaei Babak , Sinha Arijit , Nairn John A. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This study explored the suitability of fracture toughness properties for durability assessment of wood composite panels by observing changes in fracture toughness during crack propagation following cyclic exposure to moisture conditions. The main objective was to develop a new method for ranking the role of adhesives in the durability of wood-based composites. This new approach was compared to conventional mechanical performance tests, such as observing strength and stiffness loss after exposure. Comparing changes in fracture toughness as a function of crack length after moisture cycling shows that this approach can distinguish different adhesive systems on the basis of their durability, while conventional tests fail in this regard. The most and least durable adhesives (polyvinyl acetate and phenol formaldehyde) could be distinguished based on steady-state toughness alone, but this was not the case for the performance of two other adhesives (emulsion polymer isocyanate and phenol resorcinol formaldehyde). Further analysis of experimental R curves (toughness as a function of crack length) based on kinetics of degradation was able to rank all adhesives confidently. Probably, the failure of conventional tests in this context is that they are based on initiation of failure, while the fracture tests require consideration of fracture properties after a significant amount of crack propagation has occurred.
Changes of antioxidant enzymes of mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] in response to host and non-host bacterial pathogens
Authors: Farahani Ali Safaie , Taghavi Mohsen 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The natural resistance against the majority of potential pathogens that exist in most plant species is known as non-host resistance. Several reports suggest the role of antioxidant enzymes in non-host resistance. We assayed the expression or activity of four scavenging enzymes during non-host pathogen-plant interaction (Xanthomonas hortorum pv. pelargonii/mung bean) and host pathogen-plant interaction (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli/mung bean). The expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and the enzyme activity of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) were investigated. The activities of CAT and POX were higher during non-host pathogen invasion vs. host pathogen attack. The expression of SOD and APX were also different between compatible and incompatible interactions. The expression of SOD and APX were higher in the incompatible compared to the compatible interaction. Additionally, induction of the antioxidant enzymes in response to non-host pathogen was earlier than induction in response to host pathogen. Such information is important for plant breeders, and useful when looking for alternative control strategies as well.
Die Rolle der Selbstbestimmung in der Rechtfertigung passiver und aktiver Sterbehilfe
Authors: Müller Andreas 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Wann und auf welche Weise dürfen Ärzte am Tod eines Patienten mitwirken? Der vorliegende Beitrag widmet sich der argumentativen Rolle, die die Selbstbestimmung des Patienten in der Auseinandersetzung über diese Frage spielt. Auf der Grundlage einer detaillierten Untersuchung der moralischen Relevanz von Einwilligungen als einer wesentlichen Ausprägung dieser Selbstbestimmung wird zum einen dafür argumentiert, dass es einen moralisch signifikanten Unterschied zwischen passiver - d. h. mit dem Verzicht auf eine lebensverlängernde medizinische Maßnahme einhergehender - und aktiver Sterbehilfe gibt. Die Zulässigkeit der aktiven Sterbehilfe kann folglich nicht schon mittels eines Äquivalenzarguments aus der Zulässigkeit der passiven abgeleitet werden. Zum anderen aber lässt sich auf derselben Grundlage zeigen, wie ein am Selbstbestimmungsrecht des Patienten ansetzendes Argument für die Zulässigkeit mancher Fälle von aktiver Sterbehilfe präzisiert und gegen zwei verbreitete Einwände verteidigt werden kann.
Reduzierung von Tierversuchen durch stammzellbasierte Testsysteme?
Authors: Ach Johann S. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Aus humanen embryonalen Stammzellen (hES-Zellen) sowie aus humanen induzierten pluripotenten Zellen (hiPS-Zellen) abgeleitete Zellen können sowohl für die Testung neuer Substanzen auf mögliche pharmakologische Wirkungen (drug screening), als auch für die frühzeitige Bestimmung möglicher toxischer Effekte von Substanzen genutzt werden. Als ein Vorzug der pharmakologischen und toxikologischen Nutzung von stammzellbasierten in-vitro-Testsystemen wird genannt, dass entsprechende Systeme einen Beitrag zur Verminderung, Verbesserung oder Vermeidung von Tierversuchen leisten können. Dies wirft eine Reihe von Fragen auf, die im Fokus der nachstehenden Ausführungen stehen, die auf einen am Centrum für Bioethik der Universität Münster entstandenen Bericht zurückgehen, der im Februar 2015 im Auftrag und mit Mitteln der ethisch-rechtlich-sozialwissenschaftlichen Arbeitsgemeinschaft des Kompetenznetzwerks Stammzellforschung NRW erstellt worden ist.
Fertile Contradictions: A Reconsideration of “The Seducer’s Diary”
Authors: Stan Leo 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The present article wishes to question and complicate the longestablished portrayal of Johannes the seducer as an unambiguously evil character. After a careful psycho-existential analysis of his personality, I will draw attention to his fundamentally contradictory nature. Next, turning to his relation to Cordelia, I will indicate different existential possibilities available to her after the traumatic experience of seduction. The article ends with a multifaceted hypothesis about the kind of selfhood Johannes may embody in Kierkegaard’s philosophical universe.
Kierkegaard und das ‚jüdische Denken‘: Die Rezeption Sören Kierkegaards in der jüdischen Moderne im Kontext des Orientalismus
Authors: Nowotny Joanna 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Starting after 1900, there was an intense and fruitful discussion of the philosophy and literature of the “Christian author” Kierkegaard amongst Jewish intellectuals in many different fields. This raises the question of why and in what way Kierkegaard’s work became particularly relevant in the context of Jewish Modernity. The paper outlines some ways in which Kierkegaard could be appropriated into Jewish thinking, paying particular attention to the discourse of Orientalism. By assimilating Kierkegaard’s thinking to orientalist notions of “Jewish thought” that were constructed in opposition to “Christian” or “Western” thought, writers like Martin Buber, Max Brod, Gershom Scholem or Lev Shestov see him as a mediator between Judaism and Christianity, or, in more extreme cases, explicitly claim him as “Jewish.” The Jewish reception of Kierkegaard therefore gives prime examples of how differences between “Jewish” and “Christian” thinking get constructed through debates concerned with identity.
Andreas Frederik Beck’s Review of Philosophical Fragments
Authors: Stewart Jon 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The present article presents the Danish theologian Andreas Frederik Beck and provides an English translation of his book review of Philosophical Fragments. In Kierkegaard’s time, Beck was a proponent of left Hegelianism and a follower of Bruno Bauer and David Friedrich Strauss. As a student of the University of Copenhagen, Beck was acquainted with Kierkegaard personally and had a special interest in The Concept of Irony, which he reviewed in 1842. In 1845 Beck published an anonymous book review in German of Philosophical Fragments in a theological journal in Berlin. This review, which appears here in English translation for the first time, provides some insight into the contemporary reception of this important work.
In-vitro effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with methylene blue in two different genera of dermatophyte fungi
Authors: Spezzia-Mazzocco Teresita , Torres-Hurtado Susana A. , Ramírez-San-Juan Julio Cesar , Ramos-García Rubén 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Background and objectives:
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a technique that combines the photoactivation properties of an innocuous chromophore or photosensitizer (PS) and light, producing reactive oxygen molecules that trigger cell death processes. In this study the in-vitro application of aPDT to fight fungal infections was investigated using methylene blue (MB) as the PS.

Materials and methods:
The antimicrobial PDT process was carried out with MB and red laser light (λ=633 nm) to activate the PS. Testing was performed with suspensions of various species of dermatophyte fungi (Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis and Microsporum gypseum), including a fungus, which to our knowledge, has not been previously studied using this dye (Trichophyton tonsurans). For T. tonsurans further optimization tests were carried out.

Results and discussion:
The fungicidal effect of MB-aPDT was evident. Microsporum strains were slightly more sensitivity to the treatment than Trichophyton strains. The response of T. tonsurans to aPDT was less than to the other fungi tested under the same conditions, or even with higher fluence. However, repetitive aPDT treatment with very low doses of light can achieve a good effectiveness with this strain effecting total growth inhibition. Light may even disturb fungi growth in some circumstances, especially in strain such as T. tonsurans.

Conclusion:
This study with Trichophyton and Microsporum strains showed that MB was an effective PS to inhibit fungal growth through aPDT, reaching a total inhibition in most of the fungi tested. It was found that repeated exposure with low-power light within the framework of aPDT treatment can achieve better results than a single exposure at higher power.
Implied basket correlation dynamics
Authors: Härdle Wolfgang Karl , Silyakova Elena 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Equity basket correlation can be estimated both using the physical measure from stock prices, and also using the risk neutral measure from option prices. The difference between the two estimates motivates a so-called “dispersion strategy”. We study the performance of this strategy on the German market and propose several profitability improvement schemes based on implied correlation (IC) forecasts. Modelling IC conceals several challenges. Firstly the number of correlation coefficients would grow with the size of the basket. Secondly, IC is not constant over maturities and strikes. Finally, IC changes over time. We reduce the dimensionality of the problem by assuming equicorrelation. The IC surface (ICS) is then approximated from the implied volatilities of stocks and the implied volatility of the basket. To analyze the dynamics of the ICS we employ a dynamic semiparametric factor model.
Palpation thyroiditis following subtotal parathyroidectomy for hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Madill Elizabeth M , Cooray Shamil D , Bach Leon A 
Published: July 2016

Summary
Thyrotoxicosis is an under-recognised but clinically important complication of parathyroidectomy. We report a case of a 37-year-old man with tertiary hyperparathyroidism who initially developed unexplained anxiety, diaphoresis, tachycardia, tremor and hyperreflexia one day after subtotal parathyroidectomy. Thyroid biochemistry revealed suppressed thyroid stimulating hormone and elevated serum free T4 and free T3 levels. Technetium-99m scintigraphy scan confirmed diffusely decreased radiotracer uptake consistent with thyroiditis. The patient was diagnosed with thyrotoxicosis resulting from palpation thyroiditis. Administration of oral beta-adrenergic antagonists alleviated his symptoms and there was biochemical evidence of resolution fourteen days later. This case illustrates the need to counsel patients about thyroiditis as one of the potential risks of parathyroid surgery. It also emphasises the need for biochemical surveillance in patients with unexplained symptoms in the post-operative period and may help to minimise further invasive investigations for diagnostic clarification.

Learning points
Thyroiditis as a complication of parathyroidectomy surgery is uncommon but represents an under-recognised phenomenon.
It is thought to occur due to mechanical damage of thyroid follicles by vigorous palpation.
Palpation of the thyroid gland may impair the physical integrity of the follicular basement membrane, with consequent development of an inflammatory response.
The majority of patients are asymptomatic, however clinically significant thyrotoxicosis occurs in a minority.
Patients should be advised of thyroiditis/thyrotoxicosis as a potential complication of the procedure.
Testing of thyroid function should be performed if clinically indicated, particularly if adrenergic symptoms occur post-operatively with no other cause identified.
Seventy two-hour glucose monitoring profiles in mild gestational diabetes mellitus: differences from healthy pregnancies and influence of diet counseling
Authors: Carreiro Marina Pimenta , Lauria Márcio W , Naves Gabriel Nino T , Miranda Paulo Augusto C , Leite Ricardo Barsaglini , Rajão Kamilla Maria Araújo Brandão , de Aguiar Regina Amélia Lopes Pessoa , Nogueira Anelise Impeliziere , Ribeiro-Oliveira Antônio 
Published: July 2016

Objective
To study glucose profiles of gestational diabetes (GDM) patients with 72 h of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) either before (GDM1) or after (GDM2) dietary counseling, comparing them with nondiabetic (NDM) controls.

Design and methods
We performed CGM on 22 GDM patients; 11 before and 11 after dietary counseling and compared them to 11 healthy controls. Several physiological and clinical characteristics of the glucose profiles were compared across the groups, including comparisons for pooled 24-h measures and hourly median values, summary measures representing glucose exposure (area under the median curves) and variability (amplitude, standard deviation, interquartile range), and time points related to meals.

Results
Most women (81.8%) in the GDM groups had fasting glucose <95mg/dL, suggesting mild GDM. Variability, glucose levels 1 and 2h after breakfast and dinner, peak values after dinner and glucose levels between breakfast and lunch, were all significantly higher in GDM1 than NDM (P<0.05 for all comparisons). The GDM2 results were similar to NDM in all aforementioned comparisons (P>0.05). Both GDM groups spent more time with glucose levels above 140mg/dL when compared with the NDM group. No differences among the groups were found for: pooled measurements and hourly comparisons, exposure, nocturnal, fasting, between lunch and dinner and before meals, as well as after lunch (P>0.05 for all).

Conclusion
The main differences between the mild GDM1 group and healthy controls were related to glucose variability and excursions above 140mg/dL, while glucose exposure was similar. Glucose levels after breakfast and dinner also discerned the GDM1 group. Dietary counseling was able to keep glucose levels to those of healthy patients.