bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Previous reproductive success and environmental variation influence nest‐site fidelity of a subarctic‐nesting goose
Authors: Thompson Jordan M. , Uher‐Koch Brian D. , Daniels Bryan L. , Riecke Thomas V. , Schmutz Joel A. , Sedinger Benjamin S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNest‐site fidelity is a common strategy in birds and is believed to be adaptive due to familiarity with local conditions. Returning to previously successful nest sites (i.e., the win‐stay lose‐switch strategy) may be beneficial when habitat quality is spatially variable and temporally predictable; however, changes in environmental conditions may constrain dispersal decisions despite previous reproductive success. We used long‐term (2000–2017) capture‐mark‐reencounter data and hierarchical models to examine fine‐scale nest‐site fidelity of emperor geese (Anser canagicus) on the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta in Alaska. Our objectives were to quantify nest‐site dispersal distances, determine whether dispersal distance is affected by previous nest fate, spring timing, or major flooding events on the study area, and determine if nest‐site fidelity is adaptive in that it leads to higher nest survival. Consistent with the win‐stay lose‐switch strategy, expected dispersal distance for individuals that failed their nesting attempt in the previous year was greater (207.7 m, 95% HPDI: 151.1–272.7) than expected dispersal distance for individuals that nested successfully in the previous year (125.5 m, 95% HPDI: 107.1–144.9). Expected dispersal distance was slightly greater following years of major flooding events for individuals that nested successfully, although this pattern was not observed for individuals that failed their nesting attempt. We did not find evidence that expected dispersal distance was influenced by spring timing. Importantly, dispersal distance was positively related to daily survival probability of emperor goose nests for individuals that failed their previous nesting attempt, suggesting an adaptive benefit to the win‐stay lose‐switch strategy. Our results highlight the importance of previous experience and environmental variation for informing dispersal decisions of a long‐lived goose species. However, it is unclear if dispersal decisions based on previous experience will continue to be adaptive as variability in environmental conditions increases in northern breeding areas.
Identifying Key Environmental Drivers of Reach‐Scale Salmonid eDNA Recovery With Random Forest
Authors: Melendy Shawn A. , Olson John R. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) sampling from rivers has emerged as a promising new method for monitoring freshwater organisms of management concern. However, eDNA sampling cannot yet offer reliable estimates of a target species' abundance/biomass or confident determinations of a species' absence from a river segment. To unlock these abilities—and thereby greatly improve eDNA as a tool for management decision‐making—the influence of local environmental factors on eDNA fate must be better understood. At nine river sites across the central California coast, we added a known quantity of novel eDNA (Brook Trout, Salvelinus fontinalis) and collected eDNA at sequential downstream distances for qPCR analysis. We then used random forest modeling to identify the most important environmental factors to reach‐scale (≤ 200 m) sampling outcomes and characterize salmonid eDNA fate. Our final model identified six factors important to sampling outcomes, including five environmental factors (discharge, local catchment calcium oxide content, average depth of the sampling cross‐section, presence of pools, and impervious cover of the watershed) and one factor regarding our experimental design (the number of qPCR technical replicates). Our results highlight the notable effects of cross‐sectional area, turbulence, and catchment geology on eDNA fate, and we suggest the discharge and presence of pools as useful proxies for evaluating a site's favorability for eDNA recovery.
V9 Hypervariable Region Metabarcoding Primers for Euglenozoa and Metamonada
Authors: Novák Jiří , Treitli Sebastian Cristian , Füssy Zoltán , Záhonová Kristína , Hamplová Blanka , Hrdá Štěpánka , Hampl Vladimír 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTShort amplicon sequencing is a commonly used method to study the diversity of organisms in various habitats. The hypervariable regions of the small subunit rRNA gene (18S rDNA) are the most general barcodes for eukaryotes, which can provide detailed taxonomic information across a wide range of eukaryotic diversity. However, some organisms are often missed by universal primers, which have difficulty amplifying their barcodes. In this study, specific primers were designed for the amplification of the highly diverse 18S‐V9 region of the Euglenozoa and Metamonada groups. The performance of the newly designed primers—V9Eug and V9Meta—was compared with the universal V9 primer on cultured communities derived from a range of freshwater environments of the Soos Natural Reserve and the Slavkov Forest in the Czech Republic. The V9Eug primer was more specific with Euglenozoa representing 91.8% of reads and 57.0% of OTUs, while the V9Meta primer showed lower specificity with only 48.4% of reads and 19.7% of OTUs assigned to Metamonada. Both the Euglenozoa and Metamonada primer pairs significantly improved recovery of their target groups compared to the universal V9 primer pair, detecting 2.7 and 1.8 times more OTUs, respectively. These results provide a more sensitive protocol for studying the diversity of these eukaryotic taxa.
Multi‐Environment Quantification of Parasite and Intermediate Host DNA on Pasture for Fine‐Scale Disease Risk Assessment
Authors: McFarland Christopher , McCann Emer , McCann Peter , Morgan Eric R. , Marks Nikki J. , McVeigh Paul , Gobert Geoffrey N. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTParasite transmission occurs in complex environments comprising multiple matrices. Trematode parasites of ruminant livestock such as the liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica and the rumen fluke, Calicophoron daubneyi, show affinity with freshwater environments shared with their amphibious snail intermediate host, Galba truncatula. Isolation of environmental DNA (eDNA) from these parasites and their snail hosts in water draining from grazing land provides opportunities for improved molecular diagnostic detection and can help identify infection risks at farm level. The detection and quantification of eDNA from other environmental matrices has received less attention but would improve the understanding of parasite dynamics on pasture. Our study has considerably extended eDNA sampling methods for the detection of parasitic trematodes of ruminant livestock and their snail intermediate host by including for the first time the analysis of soil and herbage environmental samples alongside water collections. A droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) workflow was developed to detect parasite and snail eDNA from soil, herbage, and water collected from livestock farms. For the first time, C. daubneyi eDNA was isolated from agricultural soil alongside water samples and G. truncatula eDNA was detected in water, soil, and herbage samples. No environmental samples were positive for F. hepatica eDNA. Assessing multiple environmental matrices increased the number of positive sites. Future implementation of eDNA detection methods alongside traditional parasite diagnostics can underpin more holistic evaluations of the environmental components of parasite epidemiology and facilitate adaptation to changing disease patterns.
Lower thresholds and stronger adaptation to pain in musicians reflect occupational‐specific adaptations to contact heat stimulation
Authors: Divarco Rebecca , Sternkopf Fabian , Karst Matthias , Altenmüller Eckart , Ramasawmy Perianen , Antal Andrea , Lee André 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundExtensive audio‐motor training and psychological stress can cause professional musicians acute overstrain‐injury and chronic pain, resulting in damaged careers and diminished quality of life. It has also been previously shown that musicians might perceive pain differently than non‐musicians. Therefore, the aim of our study was to quantify differences between musicians and non‐musicians regarding their subjective responses to painful contact heat stimuli and assess how emotional traits might influence these responses.MethodsUpon completing the StateTrait‐Anxiety‐Depression Inventory, 15 healthy musicians and 15 healthy non‐musicians from German universities received 15 noxious contact heat stimuli at the dorsal side of each hand and foot. After each stimulation, participants were asked to provide a pain rating from 0 to 10.ResultsMusicians not only reported significantly higher pain ratings after the first stimulation but also showed a significantly higher degree of habituation compared to non‐musicians. Additionally, musicians showed a significantly less pronounced difference regarding the pain rating of the hands compared to the feet than non‐musicians. Trait anxiety and trait depression scores had no effect on the pain rating or the habituation.ConclusionThe more pronounced habituation of musicians might hint at a neuroplastic nociceptive alteration in musicians. The lack of significance between the psychological traits and their effect on the pain ratings is surprising but could be a result of both participant groups having stressful careers.SignificanceThe findings of this report justify musicians' repetitive sensorimotor training as an important model for plasticity and contribute to a better understanding of pain perception in musicians.
Absence of genotoxicity following pulmonary exposure to metal oxides of copper, tin, aluminum, zinc, and titanium in mice
Authors: Gutierrez Claudia Torero , Hadrup Niels , Loizides Charis , Hafez Iosif , Biskos George , Roursgaard Martin , Saber Anne Thoustrup , Møller Peter , Vogel Ulla 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInhalation of nanosized metal oxides may occur at the workplace. Thus, information on potential hazardous effects is needed for risk assessment. We report an investigation of the genotoxic potential of different metal oxide nanomaterials. Acellular and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were determined for all the studied nanomaterials. Moreover, mice were exposed by intratracheal instillation to copper oxide (CuO) at 2, 6, and 12 μg/mouse, tin oxide (SnO2) at 54 and 162 μg/mouse, aluminum oxide (Al2O3) at 18 and 54 μg/mouse, zinc oxide (ZnO) at 0.7 and 2 μg/mouse, titanium dioxide (TiO2) and the benchmark carbon black at 162 μg/mouse. The doses were selected based on pilot studies. Post‐exposure time points were 1 or 28 days. Genotoxicity, assessed as DNA strand breaks by the comet assay, was measured in lung and liver tissue. The acellular and intracellular ROS measurements were fairly consistent. The CuO and the carbon black bench mark particle were potent ROS generators in both assays, followed by TiO2. Al2O3, ZnO, and SnO2 generated low levels of ROS. We detected no increased genotoxicity in this study using occupationally relevant dose levels of metal oxide nanomaterials after pulmonary exposure in mice, except for a slight increase in DNA damage in liver tissue at the highest dose of CuO. The present data add to the body of evidence for risk assessment of these metal oxides.
EDTA‐modified cellulose from sago bark (Metroxylon sagu) for anionic and cationic dyes removal
Authors: Fauzia Syiffa , Yuliani Fitri , Suherman Suherman , Kamasinta Shafa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe present research employed ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA) modified cellulose to remove basic violet 10 (BV10) and reactive orange 16 (RO16) dyes. The cellulose was obtained from sago bark which was solid waste of sago starch industries. Sago bark contains 56.86% cellulose so that it can provide significant amount of active site. The optimum condition was examined using batch method investigating some parameters including pH, initial dye concentration, contact time, and thermodynamics. The adsorption capacity of cellulose (Cell) itself was also investigated for the comparison. The characterization of adsorbent showed the presence of ester bond, amine groups and escalating of surface area and pores after EDTA modification. The adsorption capacity of EDTA‐modified cellulose (Cell‐EDTA) was 73.53 mg/g for BV10 and 22.42 mg/g for RO16. The adsorption of both dyes onto Cell‐EDTA followed Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous, endothermic and feasible. Desorption studies proved that NaOH was an effective desorbing agent of BV10 and RO16. Based on research, Cell‐EDTA was more favorable in cationic dye, basic violet 10 than anionic dye, reactive orange 16.
Childhood adversity, stress reactivity, and structural brain measures in stress‐related/neurodevelopmental disorders, and their comorbidity: A large transdiagnostic cross‐sectional study
Authors: van der Weerd Nelleke , Mulders Peter , Vrijsen Janna , van Oort Jasper , Collard Rose , van Eijndhoven Philip , Tendolkar Indira 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChildhood adversity (CA), including childhood adverse life events, increases the risk for development of psychiatric disorders later in life. Both CA and psychiatric disorders are associated with structural brain changes and dysfunctional hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal‐axis. However, many studies investigated single diagnostic and single regions of interest of the brain, and did not take stress reactivity into account. We investigated associations of CA and cortisol levels with gray matter volume and cortical thickness, in a whole‐brain manner. Primary analysis constituted of a transdiagnostic approach, followed by a moderation analysis to investigate the influence of diagnosis. Patients with stress‐related and/or neurodevelopmental disorders and matched healthy controls underwent an magnetic resonance imaging scan, next to assessing hair cortisol levels and CA/life events. CA was reported by 62–72% of the patients versus 33% of the controls. Primary transdiagnostic linear regression analyses revealed that CA was not associated with gray matter volume, while childhood life events were associated with lower right thalamic volume. Hair cortisol was not associated with any lobe volume. None of the associations were moderated by diagnosis. In conclusion, CA is a risk factor that needs to be taken into account when investigating psychiatric disorders. Yet the relationship with structural brain changes and stress reactivity is less clear than postulated on the basis of more seed‐based studies.
Neural Representations of Emotions in Visual, Auditory, and Modality‐Independent Regions Reflect Idiosyncratic Conceptual Knowledge
Authors: Gao Chuanji , Oh Sewon , Yang Xuan , Stanley Jacob M. , Shinkareva Svetlana V. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTGrowing evidence suggests that conceptual knowledge influences emotion perception, yet the neural mechanisms underlying this effect are not fully understood. Recent studies have shown that brain representations of facial emotion categories in visual‐perceptual areas are predicted by conceptual knowledge, but it remains to be seen if auditory regions are similarly affected. Moreover, it is not fully clear whether these conceptual influences operate at a modality‐independent level. To address these questions, we conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging study presenting participants with both facial and vocal emotional stimuli. This dual‐modality approach allowed us to investigate effects on both modality‐specific and modality‐independent brain regions. Using univariate and representational similarity analyses, we found that brain representations in both visual (middle and lateral occipital cortices) and auditory (superior temporal gyrus) regions were predicted by conceptual understanding of emotions for faces and voices, respectively. Additionally, we discovered that conceptual knowledge also influenced supra‐modal representations in the superior temporal sulcus. Dynamic causal modeling revealed a brain network showing both bottom‐up and top‐down flows, suggesting a complex interplay of modality‐specific and modality‐independent regions in emotional processing. These findings collectively indicate that the neural representations of emotions in both sensory‐perceptual and modality‐independent regions are likely shaped by each individual's conceptual knowledge.
Lung cancer incidence rates in young women and men by state in the United States
Authors: Jemal Ahmedin , Schafer Elizabeth J. , Star Jessica , Bandi Priti , Sung Hyuna , Islami Farhad , Siegel Rebecca L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPrevious studies reported higher lung cancer incidence in women than men among persons aged 35–54 years in the United States, a reversal of historically higher rates in men. We examined whether this pattern varies by state. Based on lung cancer incidence (2015–2019) data among adults aged 35–54 years from Cancer in North America database and historical cigarette smoking prevalence data (2004–2005) among adults 20–39 years from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, incidence rates in women were equal to or higher than rates in their male counterparts in 40 of 51 states, with statistically significant differences in 20 states (two‐sided, p < .05). In contrast, current and ever smoking prevalence in women compared to men was statistically significantly lower (33 and 34 states, respectively) or similar. Furthermore, there was no association between differences in historical smoking prevalence and lung cancer incidence by sex. Lung cancer incidence rate is higher in young women than young men in most states and is unexplained by differences in smoking prevalence.
Residential exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and risk of childhood hematological malignancies in Switzerland: A census‐based cohort study
Authors: Coste Astrid , Kreis Christian , Backes Claudine , Bulliard Jean‐Luc , Folly Christophe , Brack Eva , Renella Raffaele , Vernez David , Spycher Ben D. ,   for the SNC study group
Published: October 2024

AbstractStill little is known about possible environmental risk factors of childhood hematological malignancies (CHM). Previous studies suggest that ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is associated with a lower risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children. We investigated the association between solar UVR exposure and risk of CHM in Switzerland, a country with greatly varying topography and weather conditions. We included all resident children aged 0–15 years from the Swiss National Cohort during 1990–2016 and identified incident cancer cases through probabilistic record linkage with the Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry. We estimated the overall annual mean UV level and the mean level for the month of July during 2004–2018 at children's homes using a climatological model of the midday (11 am–3 pm) UV‐index (UVI) with a spatial resolution of 1.5–2 km. Using risk‐set sampling, we obtained a nested case–control data set matched by birth year and fitted conditional logistic regression models (virtually equivalent to analyzing full cohort data using proportional hazards models) adjusting for sex, neighborhood socio‐economic position, urbanization, air pollution, and background ionizing radiation. Our analyses included 1446 cases of CHM. Estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HR) per unit increase in UVI in July were 0.76 (95% CI 0.59–0.98) for leukemia and 0.74 (0.55–0.98) for ALL. Results for annual exposure were similar but confidence intervals were wider and included one. We found no evidence for an association for lymphoma overall (HR 1.14, 95% CI 0.59–2.19 for annual exposure) or diagnostic subgroups. Our study provides further support for an inverse association between exposure to ambient solar UVR and childhood ALL.
Diagnostic performance of tomosynthesis plus synthetic mammography versus full‐field digital mammography with or without tomosynthesis in breast cancer screening: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hamad Wasim , Michell Michael J. , Myles Jonathan P. , Gilbert Fiona J. , Chen Yan , Jin Huajie , Loveland John , Halling‐Brown Mark , Satchithananda Keshthra , Morel Juliet , Wasan Rema , Taylor Caroline , Sharma Nisha , Valencia Alexandra , Teh Will , Majid Faisal , De Visser Ronald M , Iqbal Asif , Duffy Stephen W. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDigital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) with full‐field digital mammography (FFDM) exposes women to a higher radiation dose. A synthetic 2D mammogram (S2D) is a two‐dimensional image constructed from DBT. We aim to evaluate the S2D performance when used alone or combined with DBT compared to FFDM alone or with DBT. Studies were included if they recruited screening participants and reported on S2D performance. Studies were excluded if they included symptomatic patients, imaging was for diagnostic purposes, or if participants had a breast cancer history. Meta‐analyses for cancer detection rates (CDR) and Specificities were conducted where available. Differences in the performance of imaging modalities were calculated within individual studies, and these were pooled by meta‐analysis. Out of 3241 records identified, 17 studies were included in the review and 13 in the meta‐analysis. The estimated combined difference in CDRs per thousand among individual studies that reported on DBT plus S2D vs. FFDM and those reporting on DBT plus S2D versus DBT plus FFDM was 2.03 (95% CI 0.81–3.25) and − 0.15 (95% CI −1.17 to 0.86), respectively. The estimated difference in percent specificities was 1.13 (95% CI −0.06 to 2.31) in studies comparing DBT plus S2D and FFDM. In studies comparing DBT plus S2D and DBT plus FFDM, the estimated difference in specificities was 1.08 (95% CI 0.59–1.56). DBT plus S2D showed comparable accuracy to FFDM plus DPT and improved cancer detection to FFDM alone. Integrating S2D with DBT in breast cancer screening is safe and preserves performance.
Latent class analysis‐derived classification improves the cancer‐specific death stratification of lymphomas: A large retrospective cohort study
Authors: Liang Xiaojie , Wu Yuzhe , Lu Weixiang , Li Tong , Liu Dan , Lin Bingyu , Zhou Xinyu , Jin Zhihao , Luo Baiwei , Liu Yang , Tian Shengyu , Wang Liang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLymphomas have diverse etiologies, treatment approaches, and prognoses. Accurate survival estimation is challenging for lymphoma patients due to their heightened susceptibility to non‐lymphoma‐related mortality. To overcome this challenge, we propose a novel lymphoma classification system that utilizes latent class analysis (LCA) and incorporates demographic and clinicopathological factors as indicators. We conducted LCA using data from 221,812 primary lymphoma patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and identified four distinct LCA‐derived classes. The LCA‐derived classification efficiently stratified patients, thereby adjusting the bias induced by competing risk events such as non‐lymphoma‐related death. This remains effective even in cases of limited availability of cause‐of‐death information, leading to an enhancement in the accuracy of lymphoma prognosis assessment. Additionally, we validated the LCA‐derived classification model in an external cohort and observed its improved prognostic stratification of molecular subtypes. We further explored the molecular characteristics of the LCA subgroups and identified potential driver genes specific to each subgroup. In conclusion, our study introduces a novel LCA‐based lymphoma classification system that provides improved prognostic prediction by accounting for competing risk events. The proposed classification system enhances the clinical relevance of molecular subtypes and offers insights into potential therapeutic targets.