bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy outcomes in female childhood cancer survivors: Nationwide survey in Japan
Authors: Sekiguchi Masaki , Miyoshi Yoko , Kikuchi Norihiko , Sago Haruhiko 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes of pregnancy in female childhood cancer survivors (CCS) in Japan, to encourage greater attention to the reproductive health of CCS.MethodsThis was a retrospective nationwide questionnaire survey of delivery at ≥22 weeks of gestation in CCS at perinatal centers registered with the Japanese Perinatologists Association between 2010 and 2014. We evaluated the maternal characteristics, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes and the relationship between cancer treatment and these outcomes.ResultsThe total number of CCS was 61, and the total number of deliveries was 71, corresponding to 0.019% of total deliveries. Regarding cancer, 46% of the patients had had leukemia. Epilepsy was seen in seven (11%). Mean gestational age at delivery was 37.9 weeks. The rate of preterm delivery was 24%. Mean birthweight was 2,718 g. There were three congenital anomalies (4.2%). The rate of preterm delivery was higher and mean birthweight lower in the women treated with radiotherapy than in those without radiotherapy (42% vs 16%, P = 0.025; 2,436 ± 737 g vs 2,827 ± 483 g, P = 0.010). The adjusted OR of radiotherapy for preterm deliveries was 3.53 (P = 0.049).ConclusionsAlthough the number of deliveries by CCS was low in Japan, the pregnancy outcomes were favorable. The important points for managing pregnancy in CCS were preterm delivery as an obstetric complication, especially in CCS who had been treated with radiotherapy, and epilepsy as a maternal complication, which may be related to previously received treatment.
Event‐related potentials of attentional bias toward faces in the dot‐probe task: A systematic review
Authors: Torrence Robert D. , Troup Lucy J. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe dot‐probe task is a common task to assess attentional bias toward different stimuli and how groups differ (e.g., attentional bias in anxiety disorders). However, measuring reaction time has been suggested to be unreliable. Neuroimaging methods such as fMRI were shown to be more reliable in assessing attentional bias, but fMRI has poor temporal resolution and therefore cannot assess timing of attention. ERPs have been used to examine the time course of attentional bias. Although ERP research may be more reliable than reaction time, there have been inconsistencies in the literature. This review systematically searched for articles that used the dot‐probe task with facial expressions and measured neural correlates with ERP. We found that some of the inconsistencies might be the cause of methodological differences (e.g., timing of stimuli), differences in emotional expression, and/or sample differences (e.g., sex, age, etc.). Suggestions on how future research could address the issues presented in this review were discussed.
Terrestrial fatty acids as tracers of finfish aquaculture waste in the marine environment
Authors: White Camille A. , Woodcock Skye H. , Bannister Raymond J. , Nichols Peter D. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWaste from open‐cage aquaculture flows directly into the marine environment from uneaten feeds, faecal material and dissolved nutrients. Sustainable management outcomes are regularly based on the dispersal patterns of the waste, with biochemical tracing a key tool in understanding the footprint of aquaculture. We examined the use of fatty acid (FA) analysis to trace aquaculture waste for this purpose, with the aim of identifying specific biomarkers for environmental applications, as well as identifying challenges that are regularly encountered. Overall, the widespread use of terrestrial‐based oils in the production of marine aquaculture feeds has increased the use of FA biomarkers to trace aquaculture waste across benthic and pelagic systems, in vertebrates, invertebrates and environmental samples such as sediment and seston. A combination of linoleic acid (LA), oleic acid (OA) and α‐linolenic acid (ALA), which are dominant C18 FA in terrestrial seed and animal oils, is the most commonly used biomarkers, along with overall shifts in FA profile related to diet. A challenge regularly encountered, particularly in lower trophic species, was the capacity of an organism to biomodify or selectively spare certain dietary FA, which can mask assimilation of aquaculture‐derived FA. In these species, controlled feeding studies are needed to properly understand FA metabolism and to ensure correct interpretation of FA data collected from wild samples. Overall, as FA biomarkers have the capacity to link aquaculture waste in the environment with potential effect, they are a valuable and increasingly applied tool for examining the overall influence of aquaculture in marine ecosystems.
Plant cell wall‐mediated immunity: cell wall changes trigger disease resistance responses
Authors: Bacete Laura , Mélida Hugo , Miedes Eva , Molina Antonio 
Published: December 2017

SummaryPlants have evolved a repertoire of monitoring systems to sense plant morphogenesis and to face environmental changes and threats caused by different attackers. These systems integrate different signals into overreaching triggering pathways which coordinate developmental and defence‐associated responses. The plant cell wall, a dynamic and complex structure surrounding every plant cell, has emerged recently as an essential component of plant monitoring systems, thus expanding its function as a passive defensive barrier. Plants have a dedicated mechanism for maintaining cell wall integrity (CWI) which comprises a diverse set of plasma membrane‐resident sensors and pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). The PRRs perceive plant‐derived ligands, such as peptides or wall glycans, known as damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). These DAMPs function as ‘danger’ alert signals activating DAMP‐triggered immunity (DTI), which shares signalling components and responses with the immune pathways triggered by non‐self microbe‐associated molecular patterns that mediate disease resistance. Alteration of CWI by impairment of the expression or activity of proteins involved in cell wall biosynthesis and/or remodelling, as occurs in some plant cell wall mutants, or by wall damage due to colonization by pathogens/pests, activates specific defensive and growth responses. Our current understanding of how these alterations of CWI are perceived by the wall monitoring systems is scarce and few plant sensors/PRRs and DAMPs have been characterized. The identification of these CWI sensors and PRR–DAMP pairs will help us to understand the immune functions of the wall monitoring system, and might allow the breeding of crop varieties and the design of agricultural strategies that would enhance crop disease resistance.
Long Term Performance of Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Stainless Steel Grade UNS S31035
Authors: Chai Guocai , Hernblom Johan , Hottle Keith , Forsberg Urban , Peltola Timo 
Published: December 2017

UNS S31035 austenitic stainless steel grade is a newly developed advanced heat resistant material for use in coal fired boilers at material temperatures up to 700°C. This new grade that has recently obtained two AMSE code cases shows good resistance to steam oxidation and flue gas corrosion and higher creep rupture strength than other austenitic stainless steels available today. This paper will mainly focus on the characterization of long term structure stability and performances such as the creep behaviors at different temperatures for up to 86 000 hours and low cycle fatigue behaviors at high temperatures. The creep and fatigue damage mechanisms were studied using electron transmission microscopy and electron channeling contrast image analysis. The testing results were discussed combining with the safety and structure reliability of the material in 700°C power plants. The material is an excellent alternative for superheaters and reheaters in future high-efficient coal fired boilers.
Paper published with permission.
Research on the Water Wall Material Selections of USC Boiler With 700°C Steam Parameter
Authors: Chongbin Wang , Xueyuan Xu , Danhua Yao , Zhengran Lu , YuFeng Zhu , Bo Zhang , Yongqiang Jin , Wangyu  , Xiaoli Lu 
Published: December 2017

This paper discusses the materials properties of candidate water wall materials for USC boiler with 700°C steam parameter, and analyzes the serviceability of water wall panels made of different tubes, such as T12, 12Cr1MoVG, T23, T24, T91, T92, T122(HCM12A), VM12, 617 and 617 mod. In addition, some suggestions and optimization measures on the material selection have been proposed.
Paper published with permission.
Predicting Remaining Life Using Damage Mechanics Principles
Authors: Le May Iain 
Published: December 2017

Continuum damage principles have been used to characterize damage occurring in pressurized components operating under creep conditions. Following a review of the concepts of damage and its measurement, analysis has been presented to show how damage can be estimated using continuum damage concepts and how the remaining life can be estimated in terms of the current creep rate of a component. It is shown how such damage can be estimated using measurements of the local creep rate.
Paper published with permission.
Simulated Fireside Corrosion of Ni-Base Alloys in Oxy-Fired Conditions at 700°–800°C
Authors: Pint Bruce A. 
Published: December 2017

One future objective for coal-fired power generation is to develop advanced ultrasupercritical (A-USC) boilers that incorporate oxy-firing to facilitate carbon capture. The steam condition goals of 760°C/34.5 MPa will require major materials changes throughout the boiler, including Ni-base alloys in the hottest sections. Solution hardened alloys such as 740 and 282 are needed to meet the strength requirements for 760°C. In previous work, little difference in corrosion rate was found between air- and oxy-firing for alloy 740 at 600°–800°C so laboratory testing focused on the “worst case” oxy-firing conditions with higher CO2, H2O and SO2 than expected with air-firing. Model alloys were made to investigate the roles of Cr, Al, Ti, Co and Mo on the fireside corrosion behavior. Exposures conducted for 500h at 700° and 800°C found that Al and Ti additions typically reduced the extent of attack under these conditions. As expected, the alloy Cr content had a substantial effect between 18 and 22%. Additions of 4% and 8%Mo to Ni-20Cr-(0-20)Co alloys increased the metal loss at 800°C and Ni-20Cr-20Co-(0-8%)Mo showed the highest attack at 700°C. The much higher attack of alloy 282 at 800°C can likely be attributed to its lower Cr content compared to alloy 740, which was developed to have excellent fireside corrosion resistance.
Paper published with permission.
Materials Selection and Design Issues for Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Power Systems
Authors: Stein Arthur , Perkins Carl 
Published: December 2017

Current materials and designs limit the service life of key components in supercritical CO2 power cycles. There are few economical materials which have a long term track record operating in the creep range that can support a practical and economical plant design. This paper outlines some of the specific materials and design limitations that challenge the economical implementation of this technology and proposes design approaches that may be more practical and economical.
Paper published with permission.
Comparison and Reference Between RSE-M and ASME Section XI Regulations on In-Service Inspection for China Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Haitao Sun , Qinghua Zhang , Panpan Jia , Ligong Ling , Chen Wang , Yunhe Lv 
Published: December 2017

RSE-M and ASME Section XI regulations are currently recognized as NPP ISI regulations which are most extensively used, most detailed in content and most mature in technology in the world. In China, RSE-M or ASME section XI regulations are used to guide the ISI program preparation, ISI activities implementation and management. There are many differences between RSE-M and ASME Section XI regulations, such as application of regulation, scope of application, main frame and content, basic requirements of ISI, acceptance and evaluation of ISI results, repairing and change. At the same time, some technical clauses can be used for reference by each other, such as qualification and inspection items.
By comparison of RSE-M and ASME Section XI regulations for in-service inspection rules of China pressurized water reactor power plant, the technical differences between the two rules are analyzed. Combined with application and engineer practices for in-service inspection of China nuclear power plant, some technical terms used for mutual reference are summarized to provide assistance for establishing the in-service inspection program and specific implementation.
During ISI activity, applicable regulation should be chosen according to the requirements of design in consideration of inspection items, examination methods, defect acceptance criteria and evaluation. Meanwhile, implementation of RSE-M and ASME Section XI regulations should be combined with the design features, experience feedback and aging management of mechanical equipment, and draw lessons from mature technical clauses of other regulations.
Research on Testing Adequacy Criterion of Reactor Physics Code of NESTOR
Authors: Meng Li , Li-Jun Wang , Yu-Yan Li , Xiao-Hua Yang 
Published: December 2017

In view of the characteristics of the physical code Nestor the focus is on the correctness of calculation for which the test adequacy criterion has been established. This is based on structural coverage and the input domain.
According to such test adequacy criterion, testing strategies have been applied on the entire testing process. They consist of unit static, unit dynamic, integration, system and regression test strategy. Each strategy is composed of test target, test range, technology and method, entry criterion, completion criterion, test focus and priority.
After compared with 11 basic benchmarks from nuclear power plants and calculation result of benchmark programs, the ELEMENT program result is correct and credible; the relative error of result is less than three percent.
The ELEMENT testing is adequacy. Its test cases covers fuel grid element types, fuel types, non-combustible grid element types, and control rod computational models. Furthermore, it puts forward a research direction in the future.
An Image-Based Micro-Scale Fracture Model for Weld Zone in Nuclear Pipe and Component
Authors: Bai Xiaoming , Zheng Liangang , Wang Xinjun , Lv Xi 
Published: December 2017

The mechanical analysis of weld zone is a significant problem during the nuclear power plant design due to the fact that the material property of weld zone is complex. In most of the standards and codes, the weld zone is assumed as an effective homogeneous material. However, the weld zone is non-homogeneous at micro-scale, and the microstructure has great effect on the mechanical property, especially the fracture behaviors. Therefore, how to propose an accurate and convenient model to analyze fracture behavior of the weld zone of nuclear pipe or components becomes a major issue.
The objective of present work is to develop an accurate method to investigate the fracture behavior of weld zone from the microstructure of weld zone. To achieve the objective, a double smoothed image based reconstruction method is developed to generate the finite element mesh from digital image of weld zone directly. Then a cohesive finite element framework is utilized to simulate the initiation and propagation of micro-cracks in weld zone. Moreover, a damping boundary condition is used to apply the complex loading case on the micro-scale model.
Dynamic Seismic Response Analysis of Nuclear Storage Tank Based on Fluid-Structure Coupling Method
Authors: Weng Yu , Liu Lang , Jiang Yang , Gu Hongfang , Wang Haijun 
Published: December 2017

The storage tanks in nuclear facilities has a significant impact on the safety of the reactor and the radiation shielding, so its mechanical property analysis has been widely concerned in the field of engineering and scientific research. Meanwhile, the storage tank is usually filled with gas and liquid medium. In the presence of external disturbances (such as external force, displacement, earthquake etc.), the position and structure of the vessel changes, that lead to changing of the gas-liquid interface. This characteristic can make the storage tank system as a tightly fluid-structure coupling system.
In this paper, a storage tank which stored radioactive gas liquid medium is choosing to study such fluid-structure coupling system phenomenon, and a typical dynamic seismic condition is assumed. A two-way fluid-structure coupling method is used with CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) and FEM (Finite Element Method) numerical method. The study considered interaction between structure and two phase turbulent fluid. In FEM calculation, the time history seismic acceleration load is applied to the support of tank, and the flow loading coming from fluid medium is applied to the wall of tank which is send from CFD code. Then, the structure displacement which is calculate by FEM is transferred to CFD code. In CFD calculation, multiphase fluid numerical model is applied to simulate the flow characteristics of gas-water two phase fluid, and the turbulent properties are also considered in the calculation. Mesh deformation method is used to simulate the displacement of flow passage boundary which is send by FEM code. After CFD calculation, flow loading is transferred to the tank wall of FEM code again. Such loop of FEM and CFD calculation continues to go on with the seismic time history, the response characteristics of the tank will be solved.
In order to evaluate the difference between the above method and the traditional analysis method. An independent calculation used added mass approach is carrying out, in which the effect of steady state water is applied to the wall of the vessel, and this load will not change with the earthquake. All others load and constraint mode are same with the above method.
According to the two-way fluid-structure coupling analysis, the detailed characteristics of liquid free surface distribution and structural response of the vessel are obtained. The results show that the response vibration amplitude of the tank structure increases with the earthquake, and the response is mainly affected by the liquid sloshing. According to comparative analysis, the advantages of coupling method are proved. The method from this study can be used for the same type of analysis.
Methodology for Assessing Shock Effect due to Aircraft Impact Considering the Nonlinear of Impact Zone and Soil-Structure Interaction
Authors: Sun Yugang , Cheng Shujian , Ge Honghui , Wang Xiaowen , Yuan Fang , Li Shuaixi 
Published: December 2017

Based on the shock damage propagation distances and the median fragility limit of the equipments, the NEI 07–13 employs the shock damage rules for determining the potential for affecting safe shutdown and fuel cooling equipments. However, the NEI 07–13 does not provide more detailed guidance for performing the shock damage assessments, because both the shock damage distances and the methodology for developing the median fragility limit are not provided in NEI 07–13.
This paper discussed methodology developed for performing simplified assessments for shock effects considering the material nonlinearity of the impact zone and the soil-structure interaction. Three different models (i.e., linear model, nonlinear mode, and SSI model) were developed to calculate the in-structure shock response. The results of the linear model show the shock response due to aircraft impact would completely propagate from the center of initial impact zone and then along a structure pathway (e.g. wall, floor, basemat) to the in-structure without any energy dissipation. As a result, the in-structure shock response spectra are considerably higher than the spectra associated with the design-basis earthquake in the high frequency range.
In order to reduce the shock effects on the in-structure safety-related systems and equipments, the material nonlinearity of the impact zone and the soil-structure interaction were incorporated in the dynamic analysis.
The numerical results show that both the material nonlinearity and the soil-structure interaction would obviously absorb the energy of the shock waves, so the in-structure shock response spectra were reduced due to these two factors. Finally, the representative shock response spectra were compared with those used in the seismic margin assessment in order to assess specific equipment survival.
Design and Implementation of Redundant Sensors in Active Magnetic Bearing
Authors: Shi Zhengang , Yang Jiaji , Mo Ni , Liu Xingnan , Zhou Yan 
Published: December 2017

With the advantages of frictionless, no need of lubrication, no pollution, low consuming and long life, active magnetic bearing (AMB) is applied in the primary helium circulator of the High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor-Pebble bed Module (HTR-PM), which is under construction in Shidao Bay Nuclear Power Plant.
Active magnetic bearing is a typical mechatronic system with interconnection of mechanical and electronic components with the function of picking up signals, processing and producing. Displacement sensor is an important component to pick up signals for stability control, and also the most susceptible part to fail due to variation of air temperature and vibration of high rotation speed. However, rotating system can’t run normally if a single sensor fails in AMB without redundancy design. For security considerations, higher reliability is required in some special equipment, especially in primary helium circulator of HTR-PM. Design and implementation of redundant sensors is an effective method.
This paper reviewed the present research of fault diagnosis and redundant control of displacement sensors, simulation of coil’s short-circuit and open-circuit fault was made with MATLAB/SIMULINK. Parameters were optimized for fault diagnostic circuit by Multisim. Based on the high reliability demand, redundancy design was applied both on structure and control system in AMB. Schematic drawing and PCB board were finished by Altium Design, and experiments were carried out. The result showed that if the coils of sensor failed, AMB system could still work normally by switching to the redundant sensors automatically.