bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of minimum dietary diversity on undernutrition among children aged 6–23 months in Ethiopia: a multilevel mixed-effect analysis based on 2019 Ethiopian mini demographic and health survey
Authors: Shibeshi Abdu Hailu , Asfaw Zeytu Gashaw 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundUndernutrition persists as a critical issue in developing countries like Ethiopia due to poor feeding practices for infants and young children. The impact of dietary diversity on children’s health in Ethiopia remains unclear, necessitating further investigation to develop effective prevention strategies.ObjectiveTo examine the association between minimum dietary diversity and undernutrition among children aged 6–23 months in Ethiopia.MethodsData from the 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey, including 1,501 women with children aged 6–23 months, were analyzed using STATA version 17 software. Child stunting, wasting, and underweight were assessed using Z-scores. Dietary diversity was measured using minimum dietary diversity. Multilevel logistic regression analysis determined associations, presenting results as crude odds ratios (COR) and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsOverall, 10.99% of children had adequate minimum dietary diversity, with Addis Ababa (44.57%) and Somalia (1.47%) showing the highest and lowest prevalences, respectively. The highest stunting prevalence was in the Amhara region (45.86%), while Addis Ababa had the lowest (9.78%). Wasting was lowest in Addis Ababa (1.09%) and highest in Tigray (17.07%). Underweight prevalence ranged from 2.17% in Addis Ababa to 33.33% in Tigray. Children with adequate minimum dietary diversity (MDD) had significantly lower odds of stunting (AOR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.45, 0.96), underweight (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.27, 0.99), and wasting (AOR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.17, 0.97) compared to those who had inadequate minimum dietary diversity (MDD).ConclusionThis study highlights the association between minimum dietary diversity and stunting, wasting, and underweight among Ethiopian children aged 6–23 months. Urgent nutrition-specific interventions are needed, particularly in regions with high undernutrition rates and low dietary diversity. Targeted interventions focusing on promoting diverse and nutritious diets for children, along with improving access to essential healthcare services, are imperative to mitigate the burden of undernutrition and ensure the well-being of Ethiopia’s youngest population and reinforcing existing programs is crucial to address this public health issue effectively.
Respiratory pathogen analysis in pediatric inpatients unraveled the infection pattern of Mycoplasma pneumoniae post the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chen Qihong , Xu Ruizhi , Gu Ying , Peng Jie , Ma Chiyuan , Su Dubin , Liu Shuai , Ge Dandan , Yang Yungang , Ning Wanshan 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundTo counteract the COVID-19 pandemic, nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were implemented globally, exerting a profound influence on a wide spectrum of infectious diseases, encompassing respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Subsequent to the easing of NPIs, China experienced a significant outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP).MethodsOver a decade from 2015 to 2024, our study scrutinized 12 common infectious diseases among pediatric children. Etiologically diagnostic data and clinical outcome metrics of children with RTIs, tested for 13 pathogens, were analyzed to evaluate changes during and after the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic periods, with a notable emphasis on age profile and coinfection patterns of MP.ResultsAmong 57,471 hospitalized children, 23,178 were diagnosed with infectious diseases. Under NPIs, most respiratory infections declined compared to pre-pandemic levels, rebounding by 69.64% in 2023. While the infection rate of common respiratory pathogens decreased, cases of respiratory syncytial virus increased during the period of extensive NPI implementation. In 2023, pediatric intensive care unit durations for these pathogens increased, suggesting greater severity of illness compared to 2019. MP exhibited the highest infection rate (31.38% average), with a notable outbreak post-pandemic due to severity increase in &lt;3 year olds and rise among older children. NPIs reduced MP coinfections and mitigated their severity, while exerting a significant influence on bacterial coinfections with MP over the span of 5 years, in contrast to their impact on viral pathogens.ConclusionNPIs effectively curb transmission of respiratory infections by most pathogens, resulting in increased average age of MP infections and altered patterns of coinfection post-pandemic.
Systematic preoperative approach for bariatric surgery, perioperative results, and economic impact
Authors: Freire-Moreira Iolanda , Sanchez-Conde Maria Pilar , Sousa Gilles Barreira-de , Garrido-Gallego Maria Isabel , Rodríguez-López José María , Juárez-Vela Raúl , Bragado Juan Alonso , Carretero-Hernández Marta , Vargas-Chiarella Carlos Ricardo , Calderón-Moreno Jesús , Lorenzo-Gómez María Fernanda , Vaquero-Roncero Luis Mario 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionObesity is a complex systemic condition, involving numerous anatomical and metabolic changes. Therefore, a comprehensive preoperative assessment is essential for each patient contemplating bariatric surgery.ObjetiveThis study presents the findings of a proposed protocol designed to streamline the pre-anesthesia consultation process. Our aim was to compare the efficiency and costs of consultations guided by the protocol with those conducted without a specific strategy. The secondary outcomes assessed included postoperative (PO) length of hospital stay and surgical duration.Matherial and methodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis involving 206 clinical cases. Statistical analyses, including the chi-squared test, Student’s t-test, and Mann–Whitney U test, were utilized based on the type of variables.ResultsThe results showed a significant reduction in the costs, pre-anesthesia consultation duration, time spent in the recovery unit, and the need for referrals. However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the delay before surgery and length of hospital stays, measured in days.ConclusionThis algorithm offers a promising approach for optimizing perioperative management in bariatric surgery, demonstrating its effectiveness in cutting costs and reducing the need for referrals.
The implementation of a “safety officer” program: an innovative approach to improve infection prevention and control practices in Ethiopia
Authors: Woldeamanuel Solomon Abebe , Thumba Linda , Gabul Warku Habte , Ahmed Kowsar , Mekonnen Gebeyehu Asire , Tarekegn Blen , Nhanala Aristides Cabral , Kent Paula S. , Ashengo Tigistu Adamu , Wu Albert W. , Dagoye Damtew Woldemariam , Curless Melanie S. , Fisseha Sarah , Ayalew Firew , Gebremichael Melaku , Hansoti Bhakti 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundEffective infection prevention and control (IPC) was central to keeping healthcare workers (HCWs) safe during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, as the pandemic continued, the maintenance of high-quality IPC practices waned, placing HCWs at increased risk of infection. A COVID-19 Safety Officer (SO) program was piloted by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)-funded Reaching Impact, Saturation and Epidemic Control (RISE) project across two health facilities in Ethiopia, which trained clinical and non-clinical HCWs on IPC protocols to promote safe practices in patient care areas. We sought to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of the SO program in improving IPC practices within the clinical setting.MethodsThis is a post-implementation evaluation of the SO program, implemented in two hospitals in Ethiopia between May 2022 and December 2022. Participants completed a 4-day course on COVID-19 epidemiology, IPC, safety communication, and learning theory as a part of the Training of Trainers component (n = 23), and were posted in clinical wards to provide staff training and support to maintain IPC protocols. The program was evaluated at 6 months using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework. Effectiveness was measured using direct observation of IPC practices across intervention sites. Implementation outcomes were measured using surveys and qualitative interviews to capture training cascade, knowledge, comfort, acceptability, and maintenance.ResultsParticipants were able to cascade training to an additional 167 clinical (67.6%) and 80 non-clinical (32.3%) staff across both sites. Direct observation of clinical staff at 6 months showed that 95% (59/62) wore at least a surgical mask with patients and were compliant with masking and/or distancing protocol. Clinical interviews revealed that SOs contributed to increased perceived comfort with screening and isolation procedures and environmental cleaning procedures.ConclusionThe SO training program was widely adopted, and effective in improving the implementation and comfort of maintaining IPC practices in clinical settings.
The impact of a positive discipline group intervention on parenting self-efficacy among mothers of young children
Authors: Liu Jian , Liu Xiaojuan , Ding Meifang 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionInstilling healthy behaviors in early childhood is crucial as they can have lifelong impacts. However, many Chinese mothers lack effective parenting strategies, resulting in low self-efficacy. Positive Discipline, a non-punitive and non-indulgent approach, can help enhance maternal parenting self-efficacy and promote healthy lifestyle behaviors in children. This study explores the impact of a Positive Discipline group intervention on the parenting self-efficacy of Chinese mothers and how it can contribute to promoting diet and healthy lifestyle behaviors in early childhood.MethodsWe randomly selected 70 mothers with low parenting self-efficacy from a kindergarten in China, dividing them into an intervention group (35 participants) and a control group (35 participants). The intervention group received a 6-week Positive Discipline intervention, while the control group received no intervention. The intervention aimed at helping mothers nurture their children in a kind and firm manner. We used paired samples t-tests and independent samples t-tests to compare changes in parenting self-efficacy scores before and after the intervention.ResultsResults showed that the intervention group's parenting self-efficacy scores significantly improved after the intervention, from an average score of 25.00 ± 4.08 to 36.29 ± 2.99 (p &lt; 0.05, Cohen's d = 3.156). Significant improvements were observed in areas like “believing their parenting style benefits their child's growth” and “knowing how to effectively parent their children.” The control group's average scores showed no significant changes between pre- and post-intervention (pre: 25.07 ± 5.33; post: 24.86 ± 5.75, p &gt; 0.05, Cohen's d = 0.076). Furthermore, 3 months post-intervention, the intervention group's scores remained significantly higher than pre-intervention (p &lt; 0.05), demonstrating the intervention's lasting effect.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the Positive Discipline group intervention significantly enhances parenting self-efficacy in Chinese mothers, promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors in early childhood. Providing continuous support and guidance to mothers can help solidify their parenting confidence, ensuring long-term intervention success. Future research should explore how group interventions can effectively integrate healthy behaviors into early childhood routines and impact children's diet and lifestyle behaviors.
Handwashing sinks as reservoirs of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in the intensive care unit: a prospective multicenter study
Authors: Wei Li , Feng Yu , Lin Ji , Kang Xia , Zhuang Hongdi , Wen Hongxia , Ran Shasha , Zheng Lan , Zhang Yujing , Xiang Qian , Liu Yan , Wu Xueqin , Duan Xiaofei , Zhang Wensheng , Li Qu , Guo Hua , Tao Chuanmin , Qiao Fu 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe extent to which sinks are contaminated by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) in intensive care units (ICUs) and the association between these contaminated sinks and hospital-acquired CRAB infections during the non-cluster period remains largely unknown. Here, we performed a prospective multicenter study in 16 ICUs at 11 tertiary hospitals in Chengdu, China.MethodsWe sampled sinks, collected CRAB clinical isolates, and conducted whole-genome sequencing and analysis.ResultsA total of 789 swabs were collected from 158 sinks, and 16 CRAB isolates were recovered from 16 sinks, resulting in a contamination rate of 10.16%. Twenty-seven clinical isolates were collected during the study period. The majority (97.67%, 42/43) of the CRAB isolates belonged to ST2, and 36 (83.72%) of them had both blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-66. The 43 strains belonged to 12 clones. One certain clone caused multiple contaminations of seven sinks in one GICU. Two clones of ST2 blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-66-carrying sink strains were likely the sources of the two clusters in the two GICUs, respectively. Five ST2 blaOXA-23-carrying isolates were found to be common clones but were recovered from two hospitals.ConclusionThe contamination rate of CRAB in handwashing sinks is high in some local ICUs, and the contaminated sinks can serve as environmental reservoirs for CRAB clusters.
Are there kinematic and kinetic parameters correlated with racket velocity during the tennis serve? A preliminary comparison between a slow and a fast serve for performance improvement
Authors: Gorce Philippe , Jacquier-Bret Julien 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe tennis serve is a complex motion with numerous rotations which are important to manage for performance. The main aim of this study was to investigate kinematic parameters, including the evolution of the center of gravity, and kinetic parameters correlated with racket velocity over all phases of the tennis serve. The secondary objective was to find out which of the correlated parameters differed between a slow and a fast serve. The advantage of such an approach would be to propose biomechanical parameters that coaches and teachers could use to optimize performance or learn how to serve.MethodsQuantitative analysis was carried out on 5 flat serves performed by four ranked players using an optoelectronic system (82 markers located on whole body and racket) composed of 10 infrared cameras (150 Hz) and two force platforms (750 Hz).ResultsA descriptive statistical analysis highlighted 11 very large and almost perfect correlations with racket velocity: vertical ground reaction force of back foot in release backward, trunk axial rotation during loading phase, back and front knee flexions, dominant shoulder and hip mediolateral rotation during cocking phase, and center of gravity vertical velocity, dominant shoulder medial rotation velocity, dominant elbow flexion, trunk flexion/extension and axial rotation during acceleration phase. Differences were observed for some of the correlated parameters between slow and fast serve.DiscussionConsequently, all these correlated kinematic and kinetics parameters constitute information that coaches, instructors and athletes can use to improve, optimize or teach the tennis serve.
Esophagojejunostomy using a circular stapler vs. a linear stapler for gastric cardia cancer patients: impact of upper margin length and tumor size on the survival rate
Authors: Dieudonne Maniragaba , Lv Renguang , Xie Wenjie , Liu Qi , Jiang Jianwu , Fu Yang 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe incidence of gastric cancer is concomitantly rising with gastric cardia cancer worldwide. While the improvement of gastric cancer surgical techniques is glowing, this study assesses the impact of the upper margin length and tumor size on the survival rate for gastric cardia cancer patients who underwent total laparoscopic total gastrectomy(TLTG) or laparoscopic assisted total gastrectomy(LATG).Materials and methodsA total of 63 patients with gastric cardia cancer who underwent laparoscopic total gastrectomy were retro-prospectively collected from January 2021 to May 2023. While assessing the impact of upper margin length and tumor size on the survival rate, esophagojejunostomy using a linear stapler has been compared to a circular stapler.ResultsThe sixty-three patients met inclusion criteria; 32 (51%) underwent LATG and 31 (49%) underwent TLTG. Their mean age was 65 years (range, 45–77). The blood loss means in LATG and TLTG was 74.69 and 50.16 ml, respectively (p = 0.005), and surgery duration was higher in LATG than LATG with respective means of 247 min and 222.42 min. (p = 0.006). However, the tumor size means (p = 0.5), and upper margin length means (p = 0.052) were not significantly different in the LATG and TLTG groups, respectively. The number of resected and assessed lymph node was adequate in the LATG and TLTG groups. The current study still does not find an independent related risk from the upper margin length and tumor size to the survival rate according to the multiple regression analysis (p = 0.080).ConclusionThe upper margin length and tumor size do not have a relationship with the survival rate of the compared esophagojejunostomy (EJS) methods. The EJS using a linear stapler requires a shorter surgery duration and less blood loss than EJS using a circular stapler.
Periodontal ligament stem cell tissue engineering scaffolds can guide and promote canine periodontal tissue regeneration
Authors: Dai Pengxiu , Qi Guixiang , Zhu Mingde , Du Qingjie , Wang Keyi , Gao Yaxin , Li Mengnan , Feng Xiancheng , Zhang Xinke 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe immunogenicity of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is significantly enhanced after transplantation or differentiation, and these cells can be recognized and cleared by recipient immune cells. Graft rejection has become a major obstacle to improving the therapeutic effect of allogeneic MSCs or, after their differentiation, transplantation in the treatment of diabetes and other diseases. Solving this problem is helpful for prolonging the time that cells play a role in the recipient body and for significantly improving the clinical therapeutic effect.MethodsIn this study, canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) were used as seed cells, and gene editing technology was used to knock out the B2M gene in these cells and cooperate with the overexpression of the PD-L1 gene. Gene-edited ADSCs (GeADSCs), whose biological characteristics and safety are not different from those of normal canine ADSCs, have been obtained.ResultsThe immunogenicity of GeADSCs is reduced, the immune escape ability of GeADSCs is enhanced, and GeADSCs can remain in the body for a longer time. Using the optimized induction program, the efficiency of the differentiation of GeADSCs into new islet β-cells was increased, and the maturity of the new islet β-cells was increased. The immunogenicity of new islet β-cells decreased, and their immune escape ability was enhanced after the cells were transplanted into diabetic dogs (the graft site was prevascularized by the implantation of a scaffold to form a vascularized pouch). The number of infiltrating immune cells and the content of immune factors were decreased at the graft site.ConclusionsNew islet β-cell transplantation, which has low immunogenicity, can reverse diabetes in dogs, and the therapeutic effect of cell transplantation is significantly enhanced. This study provides a new method for prolonging the survival and functional time of cells in transplant recipients and significantly improving the clinical therapeutic effect.
Análise da influência dos fotopolimerizadores no grau de conversão de cimentos resinosos nos últimos 15 anos: revisão integrativa
Authors: Figueiredo Rodrigo Silveira Tosta , Andrade Marli Daniela de , Silva Geovana Pires da , Soares Paulo Vinícius 
Published: October 2024

O avanço das resinas compostas fotopolimerizáveis suscitou o surgimento de novas tecnologias para a fotoativação, como os aparelhos com luz ultravioleta halógena, luz de arco de plasma, laser de argônio e a luz emitida por diodos (LEDs). Considerando que a qualidade da ativação dos produtos resinosos e sua longevidade na cavidade bucal dependem do fotopolimerizador utilizado, este artigo tem como objetivo determinar a influência do fotopolimerizador no grau de conversão de cimento resinosos. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura com consulta na base de dados PubMed, delimitando o período de 2010 a 2024. Dos 491 artigos obtidos pela estratégia de busca, 21 foram selecionados para síntese qualitativa. Observou-se que a literatura não apresenta uma uniformidade no valor do grau de conversão dos cimentos resinosos, podendo variar de 14% a 92,91%. Logo, para a obtenção de resultados com maior longevidade, é necessário que o cirurgião-dentista atente-se aos fatores intrínsecos dos fotopolimerizadores, mas também àqueles relativos ao cimento resinoso de escolha e ao ambiente de trabalho.
Cuidados de enfermagem em paciente com HIV/aids e monkeypox: relato de caso
Authors: Costa Dáfiny do Nascimento , Sousa Alzelene Ferreira de , Cabral Luciana da Rocha , Costa Luana Jeniffer Souza Duarte da , Dourado Emanoela Patricia Gonçalves , Maranhão Thamyres Silva Pena de Albuquerque , Andrade Maria Sandra 
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A monkeypox (MPX) é uma doença zoonótica que requer planejamento nos cuidados de enfermagem. Objetivo: Descrever um caso grave de monkeypox em pessoa vivendo com HIV e apresentar o planejamento do processo de enfermagem. Metodologia: Pesquisa descritiva do tipo relato de caso. Foi utilizado o processo de enfermagem como método norteador do estudo e a classificação de linguagem padronizada da NANDA Internacional para elaboração dos diagnósticos de enfermagem. Ademais, como fundamentação do caso, foi selecionada à teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas. Resultados: Relato de um caso grave de monkeypox em adulto jovem, vivendo com HIV em abandono de tratamento, que evoluiu com lesões disseminadas graves e choque séptico, necessitando dos cuidados da equipe de enfermagem com alto nível de complexidade. Tratamento com tecovirimat e evolução para óbito 2 meses após internação. Conclusão: Trata-se de doença pouco conhecida, na qual o papel da enfermagem é de grande relevância na prevenção de danos ao paciente. Destaca-se a importância das medidas de prevenção de infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde, além da utilização de pacotes e intervenções oportunas decorrentes de cada diagnóstico de enfermagem realizado.