bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring choice for adults with an intellectual disability – a factor analysis of the adapted daily choice inventory scale
Authors: O'Donovan M.‐A. , Byrne E. , McCallion P. , McCarron M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundFor most people, choice making is an everyday occurrence, but for adults with an intellectual disability (ID), such opportunities are often limited, if not, absent. Defining choice, and related opportunity capacity and supports continue to feature prominently in academic, practice and policy discourse within the field of ID as reflected in the range of measures available. This paper examines the factor analytic properties of an adapted 14‐item choice inventory scale.MethodPresence and type of choice were recorded in wave 1 of the Intellectual Disability Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing using a choice inventory scale adapted for the Irish context for 753 participants with ID over age 40 years. Analysis included both an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Descriptive statistics on choice by type of living arrangement, type of interview (proxy, self or supported) and level of ID are presented.ResultsExploratory factor analysis indicates good model fit when using both a 3‐item and 4‐item response with the 4‐item version suggesting a two‐factor model. Further exploration of this two‐factor model through confirmatory factor analysis highlighted an improved fit for the 4‐item model. Further improvement in model fit is found when four item pairs are co‐varied within the model.ConclusionTwo broad types of choice were found to exist for adults with ID – everyday decisions and key life decisions. In addition, the factor analysis support for the inclusion of a ‘no choice’ response may help reduce the potential for missing data.
Asexual queen succession mediates an accelerated colony life cycle in the termite Silvestritermes minutus
Authors: Fougeyrollas R. , Křivánek J. , Roy V. , Dolejšová K. , Frechault S. , Roisin Y. , Hanus R. , Sillam‐Dussès D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMixed modes of reproduction, combining sexual processes with thelytokous parthenogenesis, occur in all major clades of social insects. In several species of termites, queens maximize their genetic input into nondispersing replacement queens through parthenogenesis, while maintaining genetically diverse sterile offspring and dispersing reproductives via sexual reproduction. This so‐called asexual queen succession (AQS) has multiple independent origins and its presumed advantages are diverse as well, ranging from multiplication of colony reproductive potential to extension of its lifespan beyond that of the foundress. However, how AQS shapes colony life cycles under natural conditions remains poorly known. The neotropical termite Silvestritermes minutus inhabits small but conspicuous nests, offering a unique opportunity to investigate the impact of AQS on life history. We report on its breeding system, life cycle and sex allocation using social structure census in 137 nests and genotyping of 12 colonies at 12 microsatellite loci. We show that colonies are established by an outbred pair of primary reproductives. In less than 2 years, the foundress is replaced by multiple neotenic queens, arising mostly through automixis with central fusion. Sterile castes, male and most (93%) female dispersers are produced sexually. Colony reproduction is usually restricted to a single dispersal of alates with unbiased sex ratio, taking place after 3 years. We conclude that S. minutus benefits from AQS to maximize colony growth rate and alate production within a very short life cycle rather than to extend colony lifespan. This highlights the versatile role of AQS in different cases of its polyphyletic origin.
Trade networks and colonial trade spillovers
Authors: Berthou Antoine , Ehrhart Hélène 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper provides new empirical evidence regarding the formation of international trade networks. Established trade relations may open the gate to new trade opportunities, as they allow meeting new trade partners over time. We test this prediction and its implications for aggregate trade patterns by using the experience of ancient trade linkages between former colonies and their former colonizers (colonial trade linkages). We first show, using aggregate trade data, that former colonies have more trade with former colonizer's neighbors (colonial trade spillovers). We then show that the past export and import experience of former colonies with the colonizer have an impact on the propensity to trade similar products with third countries. In particular, the trade spillover effect is negatively related to geographical distance between third countries and the colonizer, and positively affected by their degree of economic integration.
A spatial parallel heuristic approach for solving very large‐scale vehicle routing problems
Authors: Tu Wei , Li Qingquan , Li Qiuping , Zhu Jiasong , Zhou Baoding , Chen Biyu 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe vehicle routing problem (VRP) is one of the most prominent problems in spatial optimization because of its broad applications in both the public and private sectors. This article presents a novel spatial parallel heuristic approach for solving large‐scale VRPs with capacity constraints. A spatial partitioning strategy is devised to divide a region of interest into a set of small spatial cells to allow the use of a parallel local search with a spatial neighbor reduction strategy. An additional local search and perturbation mechanism around the border area of spatial cells is used to improve route segments across spatial cells to overcome the border effect. The results of one man‐made VRP benchmark and three real‐world super‐large‐scale VRP instances with tens of thousands of nodes verify that the presented spatial parallel heuristic approach achieves a comparable solution with much less computing time.
Exercise training reverses age‐induced diastolic dysfunction and restores coronary microvascular function
Authors: Hotta Kazuki , Chen Bei , Behnke Bradley J. , Ghosh Payal , Stabley John N. , Bramy Jeremy A. , Sepulveda Jaime L. , Delp Michael D. , Muller‐Delp Judy M. 
Published: March 2017

Key points
In a rat model of ageing that is free of atherosclerosis or hypertension, E/A, a diagnostic measure of diastolic filling, decreases, and isovolumic relaxation time increases, indicating that both active and passive ventricular relaxation are impaired with advancing age.
Resting coronary blood flow and coronary functional hyperaemia are reduced with age, and endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation declines with age in coronary resistance arterioles.
Exercise training reverses age‐induced declines in diastolic and coronary microvascular function.
Thus, microvascular dysfunction and inadequate coronary perfusion are likely mechanisms of diastolic dysfunction in aged rats.
Exercise training, initiated at an advanced age, reverses age‐related diastolic and microvascular dysfunction; these data suggest that late‐life exercise training can be implemented to improve coronary perfusion and diastolic function in the elderly.
AbstractThe risk for diastolic dysfunction increases with advancing age. Regular exercise training ameliorates age‐related diastolic dysfunction; however, the underlying mechanisms have not been identified. We investigated whether (1) microvascular dysfunction contributes to the development of age‐related diastolic dysfunction, and (2) initiation of late‐life exercise training reverses age‐related diastolic and microvascular dysfunction. Young and old rats underwent 10 weeks of exercise training or remained as sedentary, cage‐controls. Isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), early diastolic filling (E/A), myocardial performance index (MPI) and aortic stiffness (pulse wave velocity; PWV) were evaluated before and after exercise training or cage confinement. Coronary blood flow and vasodilatory responses of coronary arterioles were evaluated in all groups at the end of training. In aged sedentary rats, compared to young sedentary rats, a 42% increase in IVRT, a 64% decrease in E/A, and increased aortic stiffness (PWV: 6.36 ± 0.47 vs.4.89 ± 0.41, OSED vs. YSED, P < 0.05) was accompanied by impaired coronary blood flow at rest and during exercise. Endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation was impaired in coronary arterioles from aged rats (maximal relaxation to bradykinin: 56.4 ± 5.1% vs. 75.3 ± 5.2%, OSED vs. YSED, P < 0.05). After exercise training, IVRT, a measure of active ventricular relaxation, did not differ between old and young rats. In old rats, exercise training reversed the reduction in E/A, reduced aortic stiffness, and eliminated impairment of coronary blood flow responses and endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation. Thus, age‐related diastolic and microvascular dysfunction are reversed by late‐life exercise training. The restorative effect of exercise training on coronary microvascular function may result from improved endothelial function.
Genome Sequence of Historical Bacillus anthracis Strain Tyrol 4675 Isolated from a Bovine Anthrax Case in Austria
Authors: Antwerpen Markus , Wölfel Roman , Grass Gregor 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

In 1988, an outbreak of anthrax occurred among cattle in the Austrian state of Tyrol. Since then, Austria has been declared anthrax-free. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of one of these last outbreak strains,
Bacillus anthracis
Tyrol 4675, isolated from a diseased cow.
Draft Genome Sequences of 18 Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica
Serovar Oranienburg Strains Isolated from Rivers in Northwestern Mexico
Authors: Casteñeda-Ruelas Gloria M. , Carreón-Gaxiola César , Castelán-Sánchez Hugo G. , Acatzi-Silva Abraham , Romero-Martínez Salvador , García-Molina Alejandra , Jiménez-Edeza Maribel 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Salmonella enterica
subsp.
enterica
serovar Oranienburg is recognized as a foodborne pathogen widely distributed in the environment. Here, we report 18 draft genomes of
S
. Oranienburg strains isolated from rivers in the northwestern region of Mexico.
Draft Genome Sequences of Clinical Isolates of Serotype 6E Streptococcus pneumoniae from Five Asian Countries
Authors: Park In Ho , Baek Jin Yang , Song Jae-Hoon , Ko Kwan Soo , Kim Kyung-Hyo 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Although serotype 6E
Streptococcus pneumoniae
consistently expresses capsules of either vaccine-serotype 6A or 6B, certain genetic variants of serotype 6E may evade vaccine induced immunity. Thus, draft genome sequences from five clinical isolates of serotype 6E from each of five different Asian countries have been generated to provide insight into the genomic diversity in serotype 6E strains.
Draft Genome Assembly of
Colletotrichum chlorophyti
, a Pathogen of Herbaceous Plants
Authors: Gan P. , Narusaka M. , Tsushima A. , Narusaka Y. , Takano Y. , Shirasu K. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Colletotrichum chlorophyti
is a fungal pathogen that infects various herbaceous plants, including crops such as legumes, tomato, and soybean. Here, we present the genome of
C. chlorophyti
NTL11, isolated from tomato. Analysis of this genome will allow a clearer understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying fungal host range and pathogenicity.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Burkholderia pseudomallei Strain Isolated from a Pet Green Iguana in Prague, Czech Republic
Authors: Elschner Mandy C. , Thomas Prasad , El-Adawy Hosny , Mertens Katja , Melzer Falk , Hnizdo Jan , Stamm Ivonne 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Burkholderia pseudomallei
was isolated from pus from an abscess of a pet iguana living in a private household in Prague, Czech Republic. This paper presents the complete genome sequence of
B. pseudomallei
strain VB976100.
Power-Flow Development Based on the Modified Backward-Forward for Voltage Profile Improvement of Distribution System
Authors: Suyanto Suyanto , Rahmadhani Citra , Penangsang Ontoseno , Soeprijanto Adi 
Published: March 2017

<p>Unbalanced three-phase radial distribution system has a complex problem in power system. It has many branches and it is sometimes voltage profile’s not stable at every end branches. For improvement of voltage profile, it can be performed by penetrating of a distributed generation models. Information of voltage profile can be gained by study of power flow. The Modified Backward-Forward is one of the most widely used methods of development of power flow and has been extensively used for voltage profile analysis. In this paper, a study of power flow based on the Modified Backward-Forward method was used to capture the complexities of unbalanced three phase radial distribution system in the 20 kV distribution network in North Surabaya city, East Java, Indonesia within considering distributed generation models. In summary, for the informants in this study, the Modified Backward-Forward method has had quickly convergence and it’s just needed 3 to 5 iteration of power flow simulation which’s compared to other power flow development methods. Distributed Generation models in the modified the modified 34 BUS IEEE system and 20 kV distribution network has gained voltage profile value on limited range. One of the more significant findings to emerge from this development is that the Modified Backward-Forward method has average of error voltage about 0.0017 % to 0.1749%.</p>
An Unsupervised Classification Technique for Detection of Flipped Orientations in Document Images
Authors: CS Vijayashree , Rani Shobha , T Vasudev 
Published: March 2017

<table width="593" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="387"><p>Detection of text orientation in document images is of preliminary concern prior to processing of documents by Optical Character Reader. The text direction in document images should exist generally in a specific orientation, i.e., text direction for any automated document reading system. The flipped text orientation leads to an unambiguous result in such fully automated systems. In this paper, we focus on development of text orientation direction detection module which can be incorporated as the perquisite process in automatic reading system. Orientation direction detection of text is performed through employing directional gradient features of document image and adapts an unsupervised learning approach for detection of flipped text orientation at which the document has been originally fed into scanning device. The unsupervised learning is built on the directional gradient features of text of document based on four possible different orientations. The algorithm is experimented on document samples of printed plain English text as well as filled in pre-printed forms of Telugu script. The outcome attained by algorithm proves to be consistent and adequate with an average accuracy around 94%.</p></td></tr></tbody></table>
A CONSTRUÇÃO DEMOCRÁTICA DO DIREITO À ALIMENTAÇÃO ADEQUADA E A REGULAÇÃO DE ALIMENTOS
Authors: Rocha Eduardo Gonçalves 
Published: March 2017

Em 2006, foi promulgada a lei brasileira de segurança alimentar e nutricional ‒ Lei n. 11.346/2006 ‒, conhecida como Losan. Sem dúvidas, foi um marco e uma grande conquista no reconhecimento e na defesa do direito à alimentação no Brasil. É a primeira legislação pátria que enuncia a alimentação como um direito fundamental, trazendo já nos seus artigos 2o e 3o definições amplas, mas precisas, sobre o significado do direito à alimentação e da segurança alimentar e nutricional. Mais do que um ponto de chegada é um ponto solo inicial para as conquistas e discussões democráticas vindouras.
Reassembling the Centaurea tenorei group (Asteraceae) puzzle: typification of the names
Authors: SANTANGELO ANNALISA , DEL GUACCHIO EMANUELE , CENNAMO PAOLA , CAPUTO PAOLO 
Published: March 2017

The Centaurea tenorei group (Asteraceae), strictly endemic to the Peninsula of Sorrento (southern Italy), has been recently split into three microspecies: C. tenorei s.str., C. montaltensis and C. lacaitae. Seven pertinent names are typified in this work and preliminarily identified according to the three species concept. The selected types clearly reflect the variability of the group and some names may correspond to hybrids with other Centaurea or to intermediates between the three microspecies, which appear therefore hard to discriminate on morphological grounds.
Strong Intraseasonal Variability of Meridional Currents near 5°N in the Eastern Indian Ocean: Characteristics and Causes
Authors: Chen Gengxin , Han Weiqing , Li Yuanlong , McPhaden Michael J. , Chen Ju , Wang Weiqiang , Wang Dongxiao 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper reports on strong, intraseasonal, upper-ocean meridional currents observed in the Indian Ocean between the Bay of Bengal (BOB) and the equator and elucidates the underlying physical processes responsible for them. In situ measurements from a subsurface mooring at 5°N, 90.5°E reveal strong intraseasonal variability of the meridional current with an amplitude of ~0.4 m s−1 and a typical period of 30–50 days in the upper 150 m, which by far exceeds the magnitudes of the mean flow and seasonal cycle. Such prominent intraseasonal variability is, however, not seen in zonal current at the same location. Further analysis suggests that the observed intraseasonal flows are closely associated with westward-propagating eddylike sea surface height anomalies (SSHAs) along 5°N. The eddylike SSHAs are largely manifestations of symmetric Rossby waves, which result primarily from intraseasonal wind stress forcing in the equatorial waveguide and reflection of the equatorial Kelvin waves at the eastern boundary. Since the wave signals are generally symmetric about the equator, similar variability is also seen at 5°S but with weaker intensity because of the inclined coastline at the eastern boundary. The Rossby waves propagate westward, causing pronounced intraseasonal SSHA and meridional current in the upper ocean across the entire southern BOB between 84° and 94°E. They greatly weaken in the western Indian Basin, but zonal currents near the equator remain relatively strong.
Comparative studies on polyphenolic profile and antimicrobial activity of propolis samples selected from distinctive geographical areas of Hungary
Authors: Molnár Szabolcs , Mikuska Kata , Patonay Katalin , Sisa Krisztina , Daood Hussein G , Némedi Erzsébet , Kiss Attila 
Published: March 2017

The present paper reports about a comparative survey on the chemical composition, antioxidant activity and in vitro antimicrobial activity of selected propolis samples collected in Hungary. The total levels of polyphenolic compounds including flavonoids in ethanolic extracts of propolis were assessed. The major constituents of ethanolic extracts of propolis were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. Total phenolic content was determined spectrophotometrically using a Folin–Ciocalteu reagent. Free radical scavenging activities were evaluated by means of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. In vitro inhibitory activity was investigated against eight different bacterial strains by agar well diffusion assay. An extensive comparison was carried out regarding general parameters and specific polyphenolic components. The experimental data led to the observation that there is considerable variability in terms of the quality and the biological value of the distinctive propolis samples. These findings confirm the hypothesis of the study; versatile experimental results are required for proper, well-reasoned, balanced and standardised industrial applications. The major flavonoid components were found to be chrysin and pinocembrin; however, versatile minor components were also detected. The total polyphenol content of ethanolic extracts of propolis ranged between 104.6 mg/g and 286.9 mg/g (gallic acid equivalent). The radical scavenging activity of ethanolic extracts of propolis varied between 101.7 mg/g and 286.9 mg/g (ascorbic acid equivalent). As the quality of propolis depends on the season, vegetation and the area of collection, marked differences were found among the different products examined in terms of both composition and general characteristics. The studied samples exhibited significant differences in term of antimicrobial activities.
Does use of a trauma checklist increase discharges from the emergency department?
Authors: Jambhekar Amani , Lindborg Ryan , Chan Vincent , Laskey Daniel , Rucinski James , Fahoum Bashar 
Published: March 2017

Introduction Emergency department (ED) discharge is appropriate for patients with minor traumatic injuries. The objective of this study is to determine if use of a trauma checklist increases identification of patients with minor trauma who are safe for discharge. Methods Data were collected on trauma patients evaluated between 1 April 2015 and 31 January 2016 in two groups before and after introduction of a trauma checklist. The two groups were compared using age, mechanism of injury, and Injury Severity Score (ISS) using unpaired Student t-tests and Fisher’s exact test. Results A total of 841 trauma patients were included; 197 prior to the introduction of the checklist and 644 afterwards. Following the implementation of the trauma checklist, significantly more patients were discharged from the ED (18.2% vs. 7.6%, p = 0.0004). Discharged patients in the pre- and post-checklist groups had similar ISS (1.93 ± 1.49 vs. 1.87 ± 1.90, p = 0.90) and were of similar age (35.27 ± 11.06 vs. 41.99 years ± 18.20, p = 0.17). There was no increase in ‘bounce-backs’ to the ED in the post checklist group despite a significantly higher rate of discharge. Conclusion Use of a trauma checklist allows for better identification of those trauma patients who are safe to discharge from the ED and widespread use may decrease healthcare costs.
Factors modifying performance of a novel citizen text message alert system in improving survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Pijls Ruud WM , Nelemans Patty J , Rahel Braim M , Gorgels Anton PM 
Published: March 2017

Aims: Recently we found that the text message alert system increases survival of sudden out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The aim of the present study is to explore the contribution of the system to survival specifically in resuscitation settings with prolonged delay of start of resuscitation. Methods and results: Data were used from consecutive patients resuscitated for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during a two-year period in the Dutch province Limburg. Survival of 291 cases with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest where one or more volunteers attended (Scenario 2) was compared with survival of 131 cases with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest where no volunteers attended and only standard care was given (Scenario 1). Multivariable logistic regression models including terms for interaction between scenario and the covariate coding for resuscitation setting were used to test for effect modification. The highest impact on survival of the alert system was observed in cases of (a) witnessed arrests (odds ratio=2.25; 95% confidence interval: 1.27–4.00; p=0.005); (b) arrests that occurred in the home (odds ratio=2.28; 95% confidence interval: 1.21–4.28; p=0.011); (c) arrival of the ambulance with a delay of 7–10 min (odds ratio=2.63; 95% confidence interval: 1.09–6.35; p=0.032); and (d) arrests at evening/night (odds ratio=3.07; 95% confidence interval: 1.34–7.03; p=0.008). Due to the low sample size, p-values from tests for interaction were non-significant. Conclusion: The contribution of the alert system to survival is most substantial in cases of witnessed arrest, in the home situation, at slightly delayed arrival of the first ambulance and during the evening/night.