bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Echocardiographic parameters for weaning from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation—the role of longitudinal function and cardiac time intervals
Authors: Tavazzi Guido , Colombo Costanza Natalia Julia , Klersy Catherine , Dammassa Valentino , Civardi Luca , Degani Antonella , Biglia Alessio , Via Gabriele , Camporotondo Rita , Pellegrini Carlo , Price Susanna 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aims
Limited data exist on echocardiographic predictors of weaning from veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO). We aimed to test the performance of different echocardiographic indices to predict weaning from V-A ECMO and free survival after weaning

Methods and results
Observational study including patients with cardiogenic shock submitted to V-AECMO. Echocardiography was performed after V-AECMO placement and daily during the weaning trial to assess cardiac recovery. Echocardiography data after V-A ECMO implantation and during the last weaning trial before V-A ECMO removal were analysed. Besides traditional parameters, total isovolumic time (t-IVT, a left ventricular performance index) and mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) were also tested. Seventy-six patients were included. A greater ventricular velocity time integral (LVOT VTI) at baseline was associated with a five-fold increase in weaning success (P &lt; 0.001) as MAPSE lateral &gt;6.15 mm (P = 0.001) did. TAPSE and S′ at tricuspid annulus showed an analogous association. During the weaning trial t-IVT, LVEF, MAPSE, LVOT VTI, and TAPSE all improved significantly (P &lt; 0.001 for all). At regression analysis t-IVT &lt;14.4 s/min (&lt;0.001), LVOT VTI &gt;12.3 cm (P &lt; 0.001), MAPSE &gt; 8.9 mm (P &lt; 0.001), TAPSE &gt; 16 mm (&lt;0.001), and E/eʹ &lt; 15.5 (P = 0.001) were associated with weaning success and free survival after weaning. LVEF did not predict the weaning success and survival at any time-point (P = 0.230).

Conclusion
Longitudinal function, t-IVT and native ejection, measured with LVOT VTI, are reliable parameters to predict weaning success in V-A ECMO whereas the LVEF, although dynamically changing during weaning trial, it is not.
Explosive eruption processes inferred from high-frequency seismic waveforms of eruption tremor and explosion events
Authors: Mori Azusa , Kumagai Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARY
We investigated the relation between high-frequency seismic signals and eruption size and duration using seismic data of eruption tremor and explosion events generated during sub-Plinian and Vulcanian eruptions, respectively, at various volcanoes. We estimated source amplitude functions from seismic envelope seismograms in the 5–10 Hz band, in which S waves are assumed to radiate isotropically. Because seismic data associated with explosive eruptions can be contaminated by infrasound signals, we confirmed that contamination did not significantly affect the source amplitude functions quantified from our analysed waveforms. We approximated the source amplitude functions of eruption tremor and explosion events by quadrilateral and triangular shapes. For eruption tremor, the durations of the source amplitude functions increased with decreasing slope of the initial phase, that is between onset and maximum amplitude. For explosion events, both the maximum and cumulative amplitudes of the source amplitude functions increased with increasing slope of the initial phase, but the overall durations clustered around a typical value. Moreover, the initial phase durations of eruption tremor were longer than those of explosion events. Based on eruption models proposed by previous studies, Vulcanian and sub-Plinian eruptions have been thought to be triggered by accumulation of magma at a shallow part in a conduit and mixing of cool mushy magma with hot fresh magma in a reservoir, respectively. The above differences between the source amplitude functions of eruption tremor and explosion events can be explained by the distinct eruption triggering processes of sub-Plinian and Vulcanian eruptions. Our results suggest that source amplitude functions are useful for investigating eruption processes and estimating eruption sizes and durations for seismic eruption monitoring.
Möbius Invariant Y-systems (Cluster Structures) for Miquel Dynamics
Authors: Affolter Niklas C 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Miquel dynamics is a discrete time dynamics for circle patterns, which relies on Miquel’s six circle theorem. Previous work shows that the evolution of the circle centers satisfy the dSKP equation on the octahedral lattice $A_{3}$. As a consequence, Miquel dynamics is a discrete integrable system. Moreover, Miquel dynamics give rise to a real-valued cluster structure. The evolution of the cluster variables under Miquel dynamics is also called a Y-system in the discrete integrable systems community. If the Y-system is real positive-valued then the circle pattern is accompanied by an invariant dimer model, an exactly solvable model studied in statistical physics. However, while circle patterns are Möbius invariant, the circle centers and the Y-system are not Möbius invariant, which violates the so called transformation group principle. In this article we show that half the intersection points satisfy the dSKP equation as well, and we introduce two new real-valued Y-systems for Miquel dynamics that involve only the intersection points. Therefore, the new Y-systems are Möbius invariant, and thus satisfy the transformation group principle. We also show that the circle centers and intersection points combined satisfy the dSKP equation on the 4-dimensional octahedral lattice $A_{4}$. In addition, we present two more complex-valued Y-systems for Miquel dynamics, which are real-valued in and only in the case of integrable circle patterns. We also investigate the special cases of harmonic embeddings and s-embeddings, which relate to the spanning tree and Ising model, respectively.
Review: Diagnostic Potential for Collaborative Pharyngitis Biomarkers
Authors: Ledeboer Nathan A , Caldwell Jane M , Boyanton Bobby L 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Pharyngitis is an inflammatory condition of the pharynx and/or tonsils commonly seen in both children and adults. Viruses and bacteria represent the most common encountered etiologic agents—yeast/fungi and parasites are infrequently implicated. Some of these are predominantly observed in unique populations (eg, immunocompromised or unvaccinated individuals). This manuscript (part 3 of 3) summarizes the current state of biomarker diagnostic testing and highlights the expanding role they will likely play in the expedited diagnosis and management of patients with acute pharyngitis. Biomarkers, in conjunction with rapid antigen and/or nucleic acid amplification testing, will likely become the standard of care to accurately diagnose the etiologic agent(s) of pharyngitis. This novel testing paradigm has the potential to guide appropriate patient management and antibiotic stewardship by accurately determining if the cause of pharyngitis is due to a viral or bacterial etiology.
Comparative analysis of biofilm bacterial communities developed on different artificial reef materials
Authors: Sajid Sumbal , Zhang Guoqiang , Zhang Zongyao , Chen Lianguo , Lu Yishan , Fang James Kar-Hei , Cai Lin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aims
Artificial reefs play a vital role in restoring and creating new habitats for marine species by providing suitable substrates, especially in areas where natural substrates have been degraded or lost due to declining water quality, destructive fishing practices, and coral diseases. Artificial reef restoration aimed at coral larval settlement is gaining prominence and initially depends on the development of biofilms on reef surfaces. In this study, we hypothesized that different artificial reef materials selectively influence the composition of biofilm bacterial communities, which in turn affected coral larval settlement and the overall success of coral rehabilitation efforts. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the impact of six different reef-made materials (porcelain, granite, coral skeleton, calcium carbonate, shell cement, and cement) on the development of biofilm bacterial communities and their potential to support coral larval settlement.

Methods and results
The biofilm bacterial communities were developed on different artificial reef materials and studied using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and analysis. The bacterial species richness and evenness were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) low in the seawater, while these values were high in the reef materials. At the phylum level, the biofilm bacterial composition of all materials and seawater was majorly composed of Pseudomonadota, Cyanobacteria, and Bacteroidetes; however, significantly (P &lt; 0.05) low Bacteroidetes were found in the seawater. At the genus level, Thalassomonas, Glaciecola, Halomicronema, Lewinella, Hyphomonas, Thalassospira, Polaribacter, and Tenacibaculum were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) low in the coral skeleton and seawater, compared to the other reef materials. The genera Pseudoaltermonas and Thalassomonas (considered potential inducers of coral larval settlement) were highly abundant in the shell-cement biofilm, while low values were found in the biofilm of the other materials.

Conclusion
The biofilm bacterial community composition can be selective for different substrate materials, such as shell cement exhibited higher abundances of bacteria known to facilitate coral larval settlement, highlighting their potential in enhancing restoration outcomes.
Advancing patient-centered clinical decision support in today’s health care ecosystem: key themes from the Clinical Decision Support Innovation Collaborative’s 2023 Annual Meeting
Authors: Dullabh Prashila , Dhopeshwarkar Rina , Cope Elizabeth , Gauthreaux Nicole , Zott Courtney , Peterson Caroline , Leaphart Desirae , Hoyt Sarah , Hammer Amy , Ryan Sofia , Swiger James , Lomotan Edwin A , Desai Priyanka ,   CDSiC Annual Meeting Planning Committee, Adams Lauren , Catlett Marley , Correa Kiran , Dungan Rachel , Gordon Janna , Heaney-Huls Krysta , Jiménez Frances , Jones Troi , Weinberg Sarah 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
This perspective summarizes key themes that arose from stakeholder discussions at the inaugural Clinical Decision Support Innovation Collaborative (CDSiC) 2023 Annual Meeting. The CDSiC is an Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)-funded innovation hub for patient-centered clinical decision support (PC CDS).

Materials and Methods
The meeting took place on May 16-17, 2023, and engaged 73 participants that represented a range of stakeholder groups including researchers, informaticians, federal representatives, clinicians, patients, and electronic health record developers. Each meeting session was recorded and had 2 notetakers. CDSiC leadership analyzed the compiled meeting notes to synthesize key themes.

Results
Participants discussed 7 key opportunities to advance PC CDS: (1) establish feedback loops between patients and clinicians; (2) develop new workflows; (3) expand the evidence base; (4) adapt the CDS Five Rights for the patient perspective; (5) advance health equity; (6) explore perceptions on the use of artificial intelligence; and (7) encourage widespread use and scalability of PC CDS.

Discussion and Conclusion
Innovative approaches are needed to ensure patients’ and caregivers’ voices are meaningfully included to advance PC CDS.
The Influence of Muscle Wasting on Patient Outcomes among Burn Patients: A Burn Care Quality Platform Study
Authors: Blears Elizabeth , Murton Andrew , Caffery Julie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The hypermetabolism that occurs after large burns leads to muscle wasting that can result in weakness, difficulty fighting infections, and other challenges to healing. Overall, rates of muscle wasting are not well established across burn centers. The Burn Care Quality Platform (BCQP), the largest available dataset on burn patients globally, was used to explore the rate of Muscle Wasting using data collected from more than 100 burn centers. “Muscle Wasting” was defined from relevant ICD codes (sarcopenia, muscle cachexia, protein malnutrition). Binomial and logistic regression were used to analyze the role of Muscle Wasting in burn mortality and other outcomes after controlling for demographic and comorbid characteristics. In total, the BCQP provided data from 84 438 adult and pediatric burn patients injured between 2000 and 2018. Only 2.6% (N = 2159) of the patients in the BCQP were diagnosed with having Muscle Wasting at some point during their admission. While Muscle Wasting was not associated with a statistically significant impact on mortality, it remained an independent predictor of inability to discharge to independent living, longer inpatient days, as well as an average of 10 additional surgical procedures (P &lt; .001 for all) as compared to patients who did not have Muscle Wasting. Muscle Wasting is an independent risk factor for several adverse outcomes in burn patients, but not mortality in the BCQP. Confidence in these findings would be improved with more accurate data collection, as the diagnosis of Muscle Wasting is likely under-reported, under-diagnosed, or both.
Therapy with transitions from one bone-forming agent to another: a retrospective cohort study on teriparatide and romosozumab
Authors: Kobayakawa Tomonori , Kanayama Yasuhide , Hirano Yuji , Yukishima Toshitaka , Nakamura Yukio 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of sequential therapy with a bone formation-promoting agent (either teriparatide or romosozumab) for osteoporosis treatment following prior treatment with the other bone-forming agent (teriparatide or romosozumab). This is a multicenter retrospective cohort study observing 2 groups for comparison: one with 69 patients transitioning from teriparatide to romosozumab (the T2R group) and the other with 25 patients transitioning from romosozumab to teriparatide (the R2T group), monitored for 12 months on the second drug. Key outcomes included changes in bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover marker changes, and adverse events. The mean ages of each group were 72.3 years in the T2R group and 67.6 years in the R2T group, with the proportions of women being 91.3% and 80.0%, respectively. The percent changes of BMD in the lumbar spine after 12 months of sequential therapy were +10.8% in the T2R group (p &lt; .001 versus baseline) and −0.0% in the R2T group (p = .875). The percent changes in BMD in the total hip and femoral neck were +4.4% and +4.4% in the T2R group, and −1.3% and −0.8% in the R2T group, respectively. When comparing the 2 groups, BMD changes at all sites in the T2R group were significantly higher than those in the R2T group (p &lt; .001). Furthermore, when examining the changes in the proportion of patients who achieved the osteoporosis treatment goal of a T-score exceeding −2.5, no significant increase was observed in the R2T group, whereas a significant increase was observed in the lumbar spine in the T2R group. Regarding therapy switching between bone-forming agents, this study suggests that transitioning from teriparatide to romosozumab increases BMD more effectively than transitioning in the opposite sequence.
Computational analysis of unsteady oscillatory flow of nanofluid with variable electric conductivity: gear-generalized differential quadrature approach
Authors: Afridi Muhammad Idrees , Khan Muhammad Sabaoon , Qasim Muhammad , Chamkha Ali J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study numerically investigated the entropy production in nanofluids’ dissipative unsteady oscillatory flow characterized by variable electric conductivity and magnetic heating effects. The imposition of the non-isothermal boundary condition on the oscillatory stretching sheet plays a crucial role in establishing the self-similar solution in the presence of viscous heating. An external magnetic field (uniform in space and time) is imposed perpendicular to the plane of the oscillating stretched boundary. The energy equation, incorporating viscous dissipation effects and momentum equation, is reduced to nonlinear coupled partial differential equations and numerically solved using the Gear-generalized differential quadrature scheme.Additionally, to ensure the precision and reliability of the outcomes, the numerical code undergoes a thorough validation process that involves comparing its outputs to the findings of previous available studies. The Corcione model is implemented to describe the nanofluid’s effective viscosity and thermal conductivity. Furthermore, expressions for entropy production and relative irreversibility parameter (Bejan number), considering variable electric conductivity, are derived and computed based on solutions obtained from momentum and energy equations. The impacts of parameters such as magnetic parameter, variable electric conductivity parameter, Eckert number, Strouhal number, Prandtl number and temperature difference parameters on flow, heat transfer, entropy generation, and Bejan number are systematically illustrated and examined. We observed that increasing the variable electric conductivity parameters reduces the velocity profiles while improving the thermal fields. Similar behavior is found when the strength of a magnetic field is increased. The skin friction coefficient exhibits an augmentation in response to the Eckert number, dimensionless time, Strouhal number, nanoparticle volume fraction, magnetic parameter, and variable thermal conductivity parameter. Conversely, the Nusselt number increases concerning the Strouhal number and nanoparticle volume fraction. At the same time, it declines in association with the magnetic parameter, dimensionless time, Eckert number, and variable electric conductivity parameter.This comprehensive investigation enhances our understanding of nanofluid dynamics and provides valuable insights for optimizing thermal management systems across various engineering disciplines.
Systematic review of associations between anxiety, depression, and functional/biological aging among cancer survivors
Authors: Streck Brennan Parmelee , Sass Dilorom , Brick Rachelle , Fisk Leah , Livinski Alicia A , Guida Jennifer L 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Evidence suggests a mind-body component to aging through which psychological distress from anxiety and depression drives molecular changes that promote early decline (ie, accelerated aging). Cancer survivors experience particularly high rates of anxiety and depression. Some survivors also have accelerated aging, though the relationships between anxiety and depression and aging are not clear. A synthesis of evidence is needed to understand the state of the science and impending priorities.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PsycNet databases were searched for studies that measured associations between depression, anxiety, and nonchronological aging in cancer survivors (2012-2022). Data were methodologically evaluated.

Results
Survivorship studies were included if they were peer reviewed, published in English from 2012 to 2022, and measured associations between anxiety and depression and aging. In total, 51 studies were included. Just over half were cross-sectional (53%). Foci included functional (n = 35 [69%]) and biological (n = 16 [31%]). Functional aging measures included frailty, sarcopenia, geriatric assessment, and cognition. Biological aging measures included telomere length, telomerase, age-related inflammatory blood-based biomarkers, renal insufficiency, anemia, and DNA methylation. We tested 223 associations. Associations between anxiety, depression, and aging were generally positive, though with varying strengths. Most compelling were associations between functional aging and depression. There were concerns for selection and measurement biases.

Conclusions
Findings suggest positive associations between anxiety, depression, and aging among cancer survivors. Future work is needed to clarify temporality, develop a consensus on the measurement of aging, and diversify cohorts.
Alleviating vascular calcification with Bushen Huoxue formula in rats with chronic kidney disease by inhibiting the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway through exosomal microRNA-32
Authors: Guo Xingyun , Liu Shiwei , Wu Xiaoyi , Yang Ronglu , Ren Qiuyue , Zhou Yanyan , Shi Kaifeng , Yuan Lisha , Zhang Ning , Liu Shiyi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Vascular calcification (VC) significantly raises cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. VC is characterized by the phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to osteoblast-like cells, mediated by exosomes derived from calcified VSMCs and the exosomal microRNAs (miRNA) which may trigger some signals to recipient VSMCs. Bushen Huoxue (BSHX) formula has demonstrated its clinical efficacy in CKD and its protective role in CKD-VC rats has also been observed. However, little is known about its underlying mechanism.

Methods
To establish a VC model, aortic VSMCs from rats were induced to osteogenic differentiation by high-level phosphate (HP) in vitro. The expression of exosome and calcification makers were analyzed by western blot, including CD9, CD63, α-SMA, BMP-2, and Runx2, respectively. Differential expression of exosomal miRNAs in normal and HP-induced VSMCs were identified by using whole miRNA microarray technology. GO and KEGG analyses were performed to determine the significant enrichment of functions and signaling pathways in the target genes. In vivo, the CKD-VC rat model was established by administering adenine gavage combined with a high phosphorus diet. The rats were divided into normal control, model, low-dose BSHX, medium-dose BSHX, high-dose BSHX groups, and sevelamer groups. The blood biochemical parameters were measured. Renal histopathology and aortic calcification were observed. Western blot detected the levels of the calcification markers. Quantitative real–time PCR (qPCR) assay detected exosomal microRNA-32 (miR-32) mRNA expression in the aorta, the most differentially expressed exosomal miRNA previously identified. Phosphatase and tensin homolog located on chromosome ten (PTEN)/phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway components were also tested by western blot.

Results
Exosomal miRNA-32 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways were highly differentially expressed between normal and HP-induced VSMCs. In vivo, BSHX improved blood biochemical parameters, renal histopathology, and aortic calcification in CKD-VC rats. BSHX increased the expression level of α-SMA and decreased the level of BMP-2 and Runx2. BSHX also lowered the expression level of exosomal miR-32 mRNA, enhanced PTEN expression, therefore, reduced p-PI3K and p-AKT levels in the aorta.

Conclusion
BSHX alleviated VC in CKD rats by downregulating exosomal miR-32 expression in the aorta, thereby promoting PTEN expression and inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.