bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linearly polarized GHz magnetization dynamics of spin helix modes in the ferrimagnetic insulator Cu2OSeO3
Authors: Stasinopoulos I. , Weichselbaumer S. , Bauer A. , Waizner J. , Berger H. , Garst M. , Pfleiderer C. , Grundler D. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLinear dichroism — the polarization dependent absorption of electromagnetic waves— is routinely exploited in applications as diverse as structure determination of DNA or polarization filters in optical technologies. Here filamentary absorbers with a large length-to-width ratio are a prerequisite. For magnetization dynamics in the few GHz frequency regime strictly linear dichroism was not observed for more than eight decades. Here, we show that the bulk chiral magnet Cu2OSeO3 exhibits linearly polarized magnetization dynamics at an unexpectedly small frequency of about 2 GHz at zero magnetic field. Unlike optical filters that are assembled from filamentary absorbers, the magnet is shown to provide linear polarization as a bulk material for an extremely wide range of length-to-width ratios. In addition, the polarization plane of a given mode can be switched by 90° via a small variation in width. Our findings shed a new light on magnetization dynamics in that ferrimagnetic ordering combined with antisymmetric exchange interaction offers strictly linear polarization and cross-polarized modes for a broad spectrum of sample shapes at zero field. The discovery allows for novel design rules and optimization of microwave-to-magnon transduction in emerging microwave technologies.
Visualization of Synthetic Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Atherosclerotic Carotid Rat Arteries by F-18 FDG PET
Authors: Pahk Kisoo , Joung Chanmin , Jung Se-Mi , Young Song Hwa , Yong Park Ji , Woo Byun Jung , Lee Yun-Sang , Chul Paeng Jin , Kim Chunsook , Kim Sungeun , Kim Won-Ki 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSynthetic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play important roles in atherosclerosis, in-stent restenosis, and transplant vasculopathy. We investigated the synthetic activity of VSMCs in the atherosclerotic carotid artery using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). Atherosclerosis was induced in rats by partial ligation of the right carotid artery coupled with an atherogenic diet and vitamin D injections (2 consecutive days, 600,000 IU/day). One month later, rats were imaged by F-18 FDG PET. The atherosclerotic right carotid arteries showed prominent luminal narrowing with neointimal hyperplasia. The regions with neointimal hyperplasia were composed of α-smooth muscle actin-positive cells with decreased expression of smooth muscle myosin heavy chain. Surrogate markers of synthetic VSMCs such as collagen type III, cyclophilin A, and matrix metallopeptidase-9 were increased in neointima region. However, neither macrophages nor neutrophils were observed in regions with neointimal hyperplasia. F-18 FDG PET imaging and autoradiography showed elevated FDG uptake into the atherosclerotic carotid artery. The inner vessel layer showed higher tracer uptake than the outer layer. Consistently, the expression of glucose transporter 1 was highly increased in neointima. The present results indicate that F-18 FDG PET may be a useful tool for evaluating synthetic activities of VSMCs in vascular remodeling disorders.
Antitumoral effects of γCdcPLI, a PLA2 inhibitor from Crotalus durissus collilineatus via PI3K/Akt pathway on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell
Authors: Gimenes Sarah N. C. , Lopes Daiana S. , Alves Patrícia T. , Azevedo Fernanda V. P. V. , Vecchi Lara , Goulart Luiz R. , Rodrigues Thais C. S. , Santos André L. Q. , Brites Vera L. de C. , Teixeira Thaise L. , da Silva Cláudio V. , Dias Matheus H. , Teixeira Samuel C. , Rodrigues Renata S. , Yoneyama Kelly A. G. , Oliveira Ricardo A. , Rodrigues Veridiana de M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPhospholipases A2(PLA2s) overexpression is closely associated with the malignant potential of breast cancers. Here, we showed for the first the antitumoral effects of γCdcPLI, a PLA2 inhibitor from Crotalus durissus collilineatus via PI3K/Akt pathway on MDA-MB-231 cell. Firstly, γCdcPLI was more cytotoxic to MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells than other cell lines (MCF-7, HeLa, PC3 and A549) and did not affect the viability of non-tumorigenic breast cell (MCF 10A). In addition, γCdcPLI induced modulation of important mediators of apoptosis pathways such as p53, MAPK-ERK, BIRC5 and MDM2. γCdcPLI decreased MDA-MB-231 adhesion, migration and invasion. Interestingly, the γCdcPLI also inhibited the adhesion and migration of endothelial cells and blocked angiogenesis by inhibiting tube formation by HUVECs in vitro and sprouting elongation on aortic ring assay ex vivo. Furthermore, γCdcPLI reduced the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). γCdcPLI was also able to decrease PGE2 levels in MDA-MB-231 and inhibited gene and protein expression of the PI3K/Akt pathway. In conclusion, γCdcPLI showed in vitro antitumoral, antimestatatic and anti-angiogenic potential effects and could be an attractive approach for futures studies in cancer therapy.
Fabrication of Epitaxial Fe3O4 Film on a Si(111) Substrate
Authors: Takahashi Nozomi , Huminiuc Teodor , Yamamoto Yuta , Yanase Takashi , Shimada Toshihiro , Hirohata Atsufumi , Nagahama Taro 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe application of magnetic oxides in spintronics has recently attracted much attention. The epitaxial growth of magnetic oxide on Si could be the first step of new functional spintronics devices with semiconductors. However, epitaxial spinel ferrite films are generally grown on oxide substrates, not on semiconductors. To combine oxide spintronics and semiconductor technology, we fabricated Fe3O4 films through epitaxial growth on a Si(111) substrate by inserting a γ-Al2O3 buffer layer. Both of γ-Al2O3 and Fe3O4 layer grew epitaxially on Si and the films exhibited the magnetic and electronic properties as same as bulk. Furthermore, we also found the buffer layer dependence of crystal structure of Fe3O4 by X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscope. The Fe3O4 films on an amorphous-Al2O3 buffer layer grown at room temperature grew uniaxially in the (111) orientation and had a textured structure in the plane. When Fe3O4 was deposited on Si(111) directly, the poly-crystal Fe3O4 films were obtained due to SiOx on Si substrate. The epitaxial Fe3O4 layer on Si substrates enable us the integration of highly functional spintoronic devices with Si technology.
ARC is essential for maintaining pancreatic islet structure and β-cell viability during type 2 diabetes
Authors: McKimpson Wendy M. , Zheng Min , Chua Streamson C. , Pessin Jeffrey E. , Kitsis Richard N. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPancreatic β-cell loss through apoptosis is an important disease mechanism in type 2 diabetes. Apoptosis Repressor with CARD (ARC) is a cell death inhibitor that antagonizes multiple death programs. We previously reported that ARC is abundant in pancreatic β-cells and modulates survival of these cells in vitro. Herein we assessed the importance of endogenous ARC in maintaining islet structure and function in vivo. While generalized loss of ARC did not result in detectable abnormalities, its absence in ob/ob mice, a model of type 2 diabetes, induced a striking pancreatic phenotype: marked β-cell death, loss of β-cell mass, derangements of islet architecture, and impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in vivo. These abnormalities contributed to worsening of hyperglycemia and glucose-intolerance in these mice. Mechanistically, the absence of ARC increased levels of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) in wild type isolated islets stimulated with ER stress and in ob/ob isolated islets at baseline. Deletion of CHOP in ob/ob; ARC −/− mice led to reversal of β-cell death and abnormalities in islet architecture. These data indicate that suppression of CHOP by endogenous levels of ARC is critical for β-cell viability and maintenance of normal islet structure in this model of type 2 diabetes.
CDHR1 mutations in retinal dystrophies
Authors: Stingl Katarina , Mayer Anja K. , Llavona Pablo , Mulahasanovic Lejla , Rudolph Günther , Jacobson Samuel G. , Zrenner Eberhart , Kohl Susanne , Wissinger Bernd , Weisschuh Nicole 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe report ophthalmic and genetic findings in patients with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (RP), cone-rod dystrophy (CRD) or cone dystrophy (CD) harboring potential pathogenic variants in the CDHR1 gene. Detailed ophthalmic examination was performed in seven sporadic and six familial subjects. Mutation screening was done using a customized next generation sequencing panel targeting 105 genes implicated in inherited retinal disorders. In one family, homozygosity mapping with subsequent candidate gene analysis was performed. Stringent filtering for rare and potentially disease causing variants following a model of autosomal recessive inheritance led to the identification of eleven different CDHR1 variants in nine index cases. All variants were novel at the time of their identification. In silico analyses confirmed their pathogenic potential. Minigene assays were performed for two non-canonical splice site variants and revealed missplicing for the mutant alleles. Mutations in CDHR1 are a rare cause of retinal dystrophy. Our study further expands the mutational spectrum of this gene and the associated clinical presentation.
Hypomethylation of CNTFRα is associated with proliferation and poor prognosis in lower grade gliomas
Authors: Fan Kun , Wang Xiaowen , Zhang Jingwen , Ramos Romela Irene , Zhang Haibo , Li Chunjie , Ye Dan , Kang Jiansheng , Marzese Diego M. , Hoon Dave S. B. , Hua Wei 
Published: July 2017

AbstractCiliary neurotrophic factor receptor α subunit (CNTFRα) and CNTF play important roles in neuron survival, glial differentiation and brain tumor growth. However, the molecular mechanisms of CNTFRα regulation and its clinical significance in glioma remain largely unknown. Here, we found CNTFRα was overexpressed in lower grade gliomas (LGG) compared with glioblastoma (GBM) and normal brain specimens in TCGA datasets and in an independent cohort. Bioinformatics analysis revealed a CpG shore of the CNTFRα gene regulated its mRNA expression in TCGA datasets. This observation was further validated with clinical specimens and functionally verified using demethylating agents. Additionally, we observed that independent of IDH mutation status, methylation of CNTFRα was significantly correlated with down-regulated CNTFRα gene expression and longer LGG patient survival. Interestingly, combination of CNTFRα methylation and IDH mutation significantly (p < 0.05) improved the prognostic prediction in LGG patients. Furthermore, the role of CNTFRα in glioma proliferation and apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT pathways was demonstrated by supplementation with exogenous CNTF in vitro and siRNA knockdown in vivo. Our study demonstrated that hypomethylation leading to CNTFRα up-regulation, together with autocrine expression of CNTF, was involved in glioma growth regulation. Importantly, DNA methylation of CNTFRα might serve as a potential epigenetic theranostic target for LGG patients.
Quantitative Proteomics of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Paediatric Pneumococcal Meningitis
Authors: Gómez-Baena Guadalupe , Bennett Richard J. , Martínez-Rodríguez Carmen , Wnęk Małgorzata , Laing Gavin , Hickey Graeme , McLean Lynn , Beynon Robert J. , Carrol Enitan D. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractStreptococcus pneumoniae is responsible for diseases causing major global public health problems, including meningitis, pneumonia and septicaemia. Despite recent advances in antimicrobial therapy, pneumococcal meningitis remains a life-threatening disease. Furthermore, long-term sequelae are a major concern for survivors. Hence, a better understanding of the processes occurring in the central nervous system is crucial to the development of more effective management strategies. We used mass spectrometry based quantitative proteomics to identify protein changes in cerebrospinal fluid from children with Streptococcus pneumoniae infection, compared with children admitted to hospital with bacterial meningitis symptoms but negative diagnosis. Samples were analysed, by label free proteomics, in two independent cohorts (cohort 1: cases (n = 8) and hospital controls (n = 4); cohort 2: cases (n = 8), hospital controls (n = 8)). Over 200 human proteins were differentially expressed in each cohort, of which 65% were common to both. Proteins involved in the immune response and exosome signalling were significantly enriched in the infected samples. For a subset of proteins derived from the proteome analysis, we corroborated the proteomics data in a third cohort (hospital controls (n = 15), healthy controls (n = 5), cases (n = 20)) by automated quantitative western blotting, with excellent agreement with our proteomics findings. Proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD004219.
The potential of using semitendinosus tendon as autograft in rabbit meniscus reconstruction
Authors: Li Chenxi , Hu Xiaoqing , Meng Qingyang , Zhang Xin , Zhu Jingxian , Dai Linghui , Cheng Jin , Zhong Mingjin , Shi Weili , Ren Bo , Zhang Jiying , Fu Xin , Duan Xiaoning , Ao Yingfang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSince transplantation of meniscal allograft or artificial menisci is limited by graft sources and a series of adverse events, substitution for meniscus reconstruction still needs to be explored. Natural biomaterials, which can provide a unique 3-D microenvironment, remain a promising alternative for tissue engineering. Among them, autograft is a preferred option for its safety and excellent biocompatibility. In this study, we utilized semitendinosus tendon autograft in meniscus reconstruction to investigate its fibrochondrogenic metaplasticity potential and chondroprotective effect. Tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs) and synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs), two most important stem cell sources in our strategy, exhibited excellent viability, distribution, proliferation and fibrochondrogenic differentiation ability in decellularized semitendinosus tendon (DST) scaffolds in vitro. Histologic evaluation of the tendon grafts in vivo suggested endogenous stem cells differentiated into fibrochondrocytes, synthesized proteoglycan, type II collagen and radial type I collagen at 12 weeks and 24 weeks post-surgery. As for elastic modulus and hardness of the grafts, there were no significant differences between native meniscus and regenerated meniscus at 24 weeks. The protection of condylar cartilage from degeneration was significantly better in the reconstruction group comparing to control group. Overall, semitendinosus tendon autograft seems to be a promising substitution in meniscus reconstruction.
Thermal conductivity measurements of proton-heated warm dense aluminum
Authors: McKelvey A. , Kemp G. E. , Sterne P. A. , Fernandez-Panella A. , Shepherd R. , Marinak M. , Link A. , Collins G. W. , Sio H. , King J. , Freeman R. R. , Hua R. , McGuffey C. , Kim J. , Beg F. N. , Ping Y. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThermal conductivity is one of the most crucial physical properties of matter when it comes to understanding heat transport, hydrodynamic evolution, and energy balance in systems ranging from astrophysical objects to fusion plasmas. In the warm dense matter regime, experimental data are very scarce so that many theoretical models remain untested. Here we present the first thermal conductivity measurements of aluminum at 0.5–2.7 g/cc and 2–10 eV, using a recently developed platform of differential heating. A temperature gradient is induced in a Au/Al dual-layer target by proton heating, and subsequent heat flow from the hotter Au to the Al rear surface is detected by two simultaneous time-resolved diagnostics. A systematic data set allows for constraining both thermal conductivity and equation-of-state models. Simulations using Purgatorio model or Sesame S27314 for Al thermal conductivity and LEOS for Au/Al release equation-of-state show good agreement with data after 15 ps. Discrepancy still exists at early time 0–15 ps, likely due to non-equilibrium conditions.
Implication of REDD1 in the activation of inflammatory pathways
Authors: Pastor Faustine , Dumas Karine , Barthélémy Marie-Astrid , Regazzetti Claire , Druelle Noémie , Peraldi Pascal , Cormont Mireille , Tanti Jean-François , Giorgetti-Peraldi Sophie 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn response to endotoxemia, the organism triggers an inflammatory response, and the visceral adipose tissue represents a major source of proinflammatory cytokines. The regulation of inflammation response in the adipose tissue is thus of crucial importance. We demonstrated that Regulated in development and DNA damage response-1 (REDD1) is involved in inflammation. REDD1 expression was increased in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM) and in epidydimal adipose tissue. Loss of REDD1 protected the development of inflammation, since the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β) was decreased in adipose tissue of REDD1−/− mice injected with LPS compared to wild-type mice. This decrease was associated with an inhibition of the activation of p38MAPK, JNK, NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome leading to a reduction of IL-1β secretion in response to LPS and ATP in REDD1−/− BMDM. Although REDD1 is an inhibitor of mTORC1, loss of REDD1 decreased inflammation independently of mTORC1 activation but more likely through oxidative stress regulation. Absence of REDD1 decreases ROS associated with a dysregulation of Nox-1 and GPx3 expression. Absence of REDD1 in macrophages decreases the development of insulin resistance in adipocyte-macrophage coculture. Altogether, REDD1 appears to be a key player in the control of inflammation.
Telomerase reverse transcriptase promotes chemoresistance by suppressing cisplatin-dependent apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Zhang Zhengpei , Yu Ling , Dai Guo , Xia Kezhou , Liu Gaiwei , Song Qi , Tao Chunjie , Gao Tian , Guo Weichun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractCisplatin is one of the most efficacious antimitotic drugs used in the treatment of a range of malignant tumors. However, treatment failures are common due to the development of chemoresistance. In addition to its telomere maintenance function, telomerase plays a pro-survival role, inducing decreased apoptosis and increased resistance against DNA damage. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect is critical to improve treatment outcomes. Previously, our group showed higher telomerase reverse transcriptase(TERT) expression in cisplatin resistant osteosarcoma cells. In this study, confocal fluorescence microscopy experiments revealed that TERT translocates from the nucleus to mitochondria in cisplatin treated osteosarcoma cells. We observed decreased apoptosis rate and improved mitochondrial function in TERT-overexpressing cells following cisplatin treatment. Based on these results, we further established that TERT inhibits cisplatin-induced apoptosis independently of telomerase reverse transcriptase activity. Moreover, TERT suppressed cisplatin-induced apoptosis and improved mitochondrial function via alleviating intracellular ROS in osteosarcoma cells. Our finding that TERT shuttles from the nucleus to the mitochondrion in response to cisplatin treatment and inhibits cisplatin-induced apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells may be especially important to overcome drug resistance.
Transferring arbitrary d-dimensional quantum states of a superconducting transmon qudit in circuit QED
Authors: Liu Tong , Su Qi-Ping , Yang Jin-Hu , Zhang Yu , Xiong Shao-Jie , Liu Jin-Ming , Yang Chui-Ping 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA qudit (d-level quantum system) has a large Hilbert space and thus can be used to achieve many quantum information and communication tasks. Here, we propose a method to transfer arbitrary d-dimensional quantum states (known or unknown) between two superconducting transmon qudits coupled to a single cavity. The state transfer can be performed by employing resonant interactions only. In addition, quantum states can be deterministically transferred without measurement. Numerical simulations show that high-fidelity transfer of quantum states between two superconducting transmon qudits (d ≤ 5) is feasible with current circuit QED technology. This proposal is quite general and can be applied to accomplish the same task with natural or artificial atoms of a ladder-type level structure coupled to a cavity or resonator.
The East Asian summer monsoon variability over the last 145 years inferred from the Shihua Cave record, North China
Authors: Li Xianglei , Cheng Hai , Tan Liangcheng , Ban Fengmei , Sinha Ashish , Duan Wuhui , Li Hanying , Zhang Haiwei , Ning Youfeng , Kathayat Gayatri , Edwards R. Lawrence 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe precipitation variability associated with the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) has profound societal implications. Here, we use precisely dated and seasonally-resolved stalagmite oxygen isotope (δ18O) records from Shihua Cave, North China to reconstruct the EASM variability over the last 145 years. Our record shows a remarkable weakening of the EASM strength since the 1880s, which may be causally linked to the warming of the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans. The δ18O record also exhibits a significant ~30-year periodicity, consistent with the instrumental, historical and proxy-based rainfall records from North China, plausibly driven by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Together, these observations imply that ~30-year periodicity is a persistent feature of the EASM, which remains significant with or without anthropogenic forcing. If indeed, the EASM rainfall in North China might decline significantly in the near future, which may affect millions of people in this region.
Bacterial membrane vesicles transport their DNA cargo into host cells
Authors: Bitto Natalie J. , Chapman Ross , Pidot Sacha , Costin Adam , Lo Camden , Choi Jasmine , D’Cruze Tanya , Reynolds Eric C. , Dashper Stuart G. , Turnbull Lynne , Whitchurch Cynthia B. , Stinear Timothy P. , Stacey Katryn J. , Ferrero Richard L. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are extracellular sacs containing biologically active products, such as proteins, cell wall components and toxins. OMVs are reported to contain DNA, however, little is known about the nature of this DNA, nor whether it can be transported into host cells. Our work demonstrates that chromosomal DNA is packaged into OMVs shed by bacteria during exponential phase. Most of this DNA was present on the external surfaces of OMVs, with smaller amounts located internally. The DNA within the internal compartments of Pseudomonas aeruginosa OMVs were consistently enriched in specific regions of the bacterial chromosome, encoding proteins involved in virulence, stress response, antibiotic resistance and metabolism. Furthermore, we demonstrated that OMVs carry DNA into eukaryotic cells, and this DNA was detectable by PCR in the nuclear fraction of cells. These findings suggest a role for OMV-associated DNA in bacterial-host cell interactions and have implications for OMV-based vaccines.