bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of high‐frequency bio‐oxidative ozone therapy for masticatory muscle pain: a double‐blind randomised clinical trial
Authors: Celakil T. , Muric A. , Gokcen Roehlig B. , Evlioglu G. , Keskin H. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryTo evaluate the effect of bio‐oxidative ozone application at the points of greatest pain in patients with chronic masticatory muscle pain. A total number of 40 (40 women, with a mean age of 31·7) were selected after the diagnosis of myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for temporomandibular disorder (RDC/TMD). The patients were randomly divided into two groups: patients received the ozone therapy at the point of greatest pain, ozone group (OG; n = 20); patients received the sham ozone therapy at the point of greatest pain, placebo group (PG; n = 20). Ozone and placebo were applied three times per week, for a total of six sessions. Mandibular movements were examined, masticator muscles tenderness were assessed and pressure pain threshold (PPT) values were obtained. Subjective pain levels were evaluated using visual analogue sale (VAS). These assessments were performed at baseline, 1 month and 3 months. Ozono therapy decreased pain intensity and increased PPT values significantly from baseline to 1 month and 3 months in OG compared with PG. PPTs of the temporal (OG = 24·85 ± 6·65, PG = 20·65 ± 5·43, P = 0.035) and masseter (OG = 19·03 ± 6·42, PG = 14·23 ± 2·95, P = 0.007) muscles at 3 months of control (T2) were significantly higher in the OG group. PPT value of the lateral pole was also significantly higher at T2 in the OG group (OG = 21·25 ± 8·43, PG = 15·35 ± 4·18, P = 0.012). Mandibular movements did not show significant differences between treatment groups except right lateral excursion values at T2 (OG = 8·90 ± 1·77, PG = 6·85 ± 2·41, P = 0.003); however, OG demonstrated significantly better results over time. Overall improvements in VAS scores from baseline to 3 months were OG 67·7%; PG 48·4%. Although ozone therapy can be accepted as an alternative treatment modality in the management of masticatory muscle pain, sham ozone therapy (placebo) showed significant improvements in the tested parameters.
How to treat two adjacent missing teeth with dental implants. A systematic review on single implant‐supported two‐unit cantileverFDP's and results of a 5‐year prospective comparative study in the aesthetic zone
Authors: Van Nimwegen W. G. , Raghoebar G. M. , Tymstra N. , Vissink A. , Meijer H. J. A. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryTo conduct a systematic review on the clinical outcome of single implant‐supported two‐unit cantileverFDP's and to conduct a 5‐year prospective comparative pilot study of patients with a missing central and lateral upper incisor treated with either a single implant‐supported two‐unit cantileverFDPor two implants with solitary implant crowns in the aesthetic zone. Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched (last search 1 August 2016) for eligible studies. In the comparative pilot study, an implant‐cantilever group of five patients with a single implant‐supported two‐unit cantileverFDP(NobelReplace Groovy Regular Platform) was compared with an implant‐implant group of five patients with two adjacent single implant‐supported crowns (NobelReplace Groovy Regular Platform) in the aesthetic zone. Implant survival, marginal bone level (MBL) changes, pocket probing depth, papilla index and patient satisfaction were assessed during a 5‐year follow‐up period. Five of 276 articles were considered eligible for data extraction. Implant survival ranged from 96·6% to 100%. Marginal bone level changes were higher in the anterior region than in the posterior region. Technical complications occurred more often in the posterior than anterior region. In the 5‐year comparative pilot study, no clinically significant differences in hard and soft peri‐implant tissue levels occurred between both groups. Single implant‐supported two‐unit cantileverFDP’s can be a viable alternative to the placement of two adjacent single implant crowns in the aesthetic zone. Due to technical complications, placement of two‐unit cantilever crowns in the posterior region can be considered unwise.
Non‐operative control of cavitated approximal caries lesions in primary molars: a prospective evaluation of cases
Authors: Hansen N. V. , Nyvad B. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe effect of non‐operative caries control at cavity level is often questioned. This prospective study of cases aimed to evaluate the suitability of non‐operative treatment of active cavitated approximal caries lesions in primary molars by assessing clinical changes of lesions over time. Further, we evaluate children's and parents’ attitudes in response to non‐operative cavity treatment. Thirty‐nine children attending a community dental service, aged 5–11 years, joined the evaluation based on the following criteria: (i) the presence of at least one active cavitated caries lesion in the distal surface of first primary molar or mesial surface of the second primary molar extending up to two‐thirds into dentin assessed radiographically, (ii) the absence of spontaneous pain, (iii) the absence of pulpal or periapical pathology. After informed consent, one randomly selected lesion per child had overhanging enamel margins adjusted and was treated non‐operatively by the child/parent performing daily site‐specific oral hygiene with a fluoridated toothpaste, supplemented by professional topical fluoride treatment and dietary advice. Nine lesions/children dropped out. Fifteen lesions survived without pulpal or periapical pathology for an average of 26 m (range 9–44). Lesion failure was associated with poor compliance or lesions not suited for the method. Children and parents were highly satisfied with the treatment. Our study identifies key factors in the performance of non‐operative cavity treatment in a dental practice setting. It is concluded that non‐operative cavity treatment can be a helpful method to control caries lesion progression in primary teeth and may familiarise the child with dental treatment.
The formation of a host-guest inclusion complex system between β-cyclodextrin and baicalin and its dissolution characteristics
Authors: Li Jing , Jiang Qihua , Deng Ping , Chen Qian , Yu Mingan , Shang Jingchuan , Li Wei 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Objectives
Baicalin (BCL) has potential therapeutic benefits, but its clinical outcomes are restricted mainly because of low water solubility. This study sought to improve the water solubility of BCL by the formation of inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD).

Methods
The inclusion complex was studied by solubility test, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), 1H Nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Molecular docking was conducted to verify the experimental findings. The dissolution rate was determined by dialysis membrane method. In vivo absorption studies in rats were conducted and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyse the plasma level of BCL after oral administration.

Key findings
The DSC, FTIR, XRD, 1HNMR and SEM findings suggested the formation of inclusion complex between BCL and β-CD in 1 : 1 stoichiometry. Molecular docking demonstrated the insertion of benzene ring of BCL into β-CD cavity by hydrophobic interactions and possible H-bond formation. Moreover, β-CD markedly improved the solubility of BCL and displayed AL-type phase diagrams. The improvement in dissolution rate of the inclusion complex was reflected in the earlier Tmax, higher Cmax and larger AUC0–t than that of BCL after oral administration.

Conclusions
β-cyclodextrin complex can be used as an effective formulation strategy for development of BCL-loaded delivery system with better therapeutic outcomes.
Psychopathy, criminal intentions, and abnormal appraisal of the expected outcomes of theft
Authors: Próspero‐Luis João , Moreira Pedro S. , Paiva Tiago O. , Teixeira Cátia P. , Costa Patrício , Almeida Pedro R. 
Published: March 2017

PurposeImpaired emotional learning is one of the hallmark features of psychopathy. The abnormal processing of cues of reward and punishment, and its impact in decision‐making, has mostly been supported by laboratorial studies. In this report, we have analysed the effect of psychopathy in the formation of attitudes towards committing theft, and its impact in the intention to reoffend after release.MethodsA self‐report instrument to characterize the predictors of the intention to reoffend was developed and administrated, along with the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure, to a sample of 91 male inmates convicted for theft.ResultsThe perceived rewards of theft mediated the association between psychopathic traits and the intention to reoffend. The analysis of the expectancy and value components of the attitude towards theft showed that psychopathic traits are associated with reduced expectancy of negative outcomes and increased expectancy of positive outcomes as a consequence of reoffending.ConclusionsOur results add support to the role of disrupted expectancy–value learning and increased reward sensitivity as mediators of the increased probability to reoffend in psychopathy.
UGT1A polymorphisms as genetic biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma risk in Caucasian population
Authors: De Mattia Elena , Cecchin Erika , Polesel Jerry , Lupo Francesco , Tiribelli Claudio , Crovatto Marina , Buonadonna Angela , Toffoli Giuseppe 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsThe definition of new biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk, especially in high‐risk HBV/HCV‐positive population, is urgently needed to improve HCC clinical management. This study focused on variants of UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase 1A (UGT1A) enzymes that catalyse the reaction of glucuronidation, one of the most important chemical defence pathway of the body. The aim of this study was to elucidate the contribution of UGT1A polymorphisms in predicting HCC susceptibility in Caucasians.MethodsIn this retrospective case‐control analysis, 192 HCC liver transplanted patients represent the study group. Two age/sex‐matched groups were used as control, one composed of 167 HBV‐ and/or HCV‐infected individuals, and the other of 192 healthy subjects. All the cases were characterized for a panel of UGT1A1, UGT1A7 and UGT1A9 variants. The study end‐point was the association between UGT1A markers and HCC onset.ResultsUGT1A7*3 allele emerged as a protective marker for HCC development among both high‐risk HBV/HCV‐positive patients (OR=0.64, P=.0026), and healthy subjects (OR=0.47, P=.0051). UGT1A1*28 (OR=0.61, P=.0013) and UGT1A9*22 (OR=2.18, P=.0003) alleles were also associated to HCC occurrence, especially among healthy subjects. UGT1A haplotype, summarizing the UGT1A genetic alterations, confirmed the protective role against HCC development emerged for low‐activity alleles. The observed associations could probably be linked to an increase of serum levels of health‐beneficial molecules including free bilirubin.ConclusionA predictive effect of UGT1A polymorphisms on HCC risk was identified. If confirmed, these findings could contribute to improve the HCC surveillance, treatment tailoring and patients care.
Clinical risk scoring for predicting non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in metabolic syndrome patients (NAFLD‐MS score)
Authors: Saokaew Surasak , Kanchanasuwan Shada , Apisarnthanarak Piyaporn , Charoensak Aphinya , Charatcharoenwitthaya Phunchai , Phisalprapa Pochamana , Chaiyakunapruk Nathorn 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can progress from simple steatosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. None of tools have been developed specifically for high‐risk patients. This study aimed to develop a simple risk scoring to predict NAFLD in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS).MethodsA total of 509 patients with MetS were recruited. All were diagnosed by clinicians with ultrasonography‐confirmed whether they were patients with NAFLD. Patients were randomly divided into derivation (n=400) and validation (n=109) cohort. To develop the risk score, clinical risk indicators measured at the time of recruitment were built by logistic regression. Regression coefficients were transformed into item scores and added up to a total score. A risk scoring scheme was developed from clinical predictors: BMI ≥25, AST/ALT ≥1, ALT ≥40, type 2 diabetes mellitus and central obesity. The scoring scheme was applied in validation cohort to test the performance.ResultsThe scheme explained, by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AuROC), 76.8% of being NAFLD with good calibration (Hosmer‐Lemeshow χ2=4.35; P=.629). The positive likelihood ratio of NAFLD in patients with low risk (scores below 3) and high risk (scores 5 and over) were 2.32 (95% CI: 1.90‐2.82) and 7.77 (95% CI: 2.47‐24.47) respectively. When applied in validation cohort, the score showed good performance with AuROC 76.7%, and illustrated 84%, and 100% certainty in low‐ and high‐risk groups respectively.ConclusionsA simple and non‐invasive scoring scheme of five predictors provides good prediction indices for NAFLD in MetS patients. This scheme may help clinicians in order to take further appropriate action.
Cathodoluminescence of moldavites
Authors: Fritzke B. , Götze J. , Lange J.‐M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA systematic study of a large set of moldavites and the application of cathodoluminescence (CL)‐spectroscopy with a detailed discussion of spectral features is presented. Optical CL microscopy and spectroscopy (OM‐CL) were performed on 57 moldavite samples from different substrewn‐fields in Germany and the Czech Republic. The extracted CL data were supported by SEM‐EDX analysis. In general, two different kinds of CL colors can be distinguished: different shades of green in the matrix of the tektite glasses and a variation of blue color for lechatelierite inclusions (a pure silica‐glass phase). Spectral analysis of these colors shows three CL emission bands for green and five bands for blue c. Most CL activators are structural defects of the local glass network, influenced by the crystal field. The visible green CL emission is caused by defects related to strong local disorder as well as Al‐O−‐Al defects. The blue CL emission is activated by different types of lattice defects such as nonbridging oxygen‐hole center (NBOHC), self‐trapped excitons (STE), and oxygen deficiency centers (ODC). Intensity variations of the CL emissions were observed for samples from the different localities, but there is no direct correlation between substrewn‐fields and CL characteristics. Nevertheless, CL microscopy is a powerful tool for the high‐contrast visualization of internal textures such as streaks and lechatelierite in the tektite matrix due to the luminescence properties of the defect structures in the glassy network.
Functional niche partitioning in Therizinosauria provides new insights into the evolution of theropod herbivory
Authors: Lautenschlager Stephan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDietary specialization is generally considered to be a crucial factor in driving morphological evolution across extant and extinct vertebrates. The ability to adapt to a specific diet and to exploit ecological niches is thereby influenced by functional morphology and biomechanical properties. Differences in functional behaviour and efficiency can therefore allow dietary diversification and the coexistence of similarly adapted taxa. Therizinosauria, a group of secondarily herbivorous theropod dinosaurs, is characterized by a suite of morphological traits thought to be indicative of adaptations to an herbivorous diet. Digital reconstruction, theoretical modelling and computer simulations of the mandibles of therizinosaur dinosaurs provides evidence for functional niche partitioning in adaptation to herbivory. Different mandibular morphologies present in therizinosaurians were found to correspond to different dietary strategies permitting coexistence of taxa. Morphological traits indicative of an herbivorous diet, such as a downturned tip of the lower jaw and an expanded postdentary region, were identified as having stress mitigating effects. The more widely distributed occurrence of these purported herbivorous traits across different dinosaur clades suggests that these features also could have played an important role in the evolution and acquisition of herbivory in other groups.
The wheat Lr34 multipathogen resistance gene confers resistance to anthracnose and rust in sorghum
Authors: Schnippenkoetter Wendelin , Lo Clive , Liu Guoquan , Dibley Katherine , Chan Wai Lung , White Jodie , Milne Ricky , Zwart Alexander , Kwong Eunjung , Keller Beat , Godwin Ian , Krattinger Simon G. , Lagudah Evans 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe ability of the wheat Lr34 multipathogen resistance gene (Lr34res) to function across a wide taxonomic boundary was investigated in transgenic Sorghum bicolor. Increased resistance to sorghum rust and anthracnose disease symptoms following infection with the biotrophic pathogen Puccinia purpurea and the hemibiotroph Colletotrichum sublineolum, respectively, occurred in transgenic plants expressing the Lr34res ABC transporter. Transgenic sorghum lines that highly expressed the wheat Lr34res gene exhibited immunity to sorghum rust compared to the low‐expressing single copy Lr34res genotype that conferred partial resistance. Pathogen‐induced pigmentation mediated by flavonoid phytoalexins was evident on transgenic sorghum leaves following P. purpurea infection within 24–72 h, which paralleled Lr34res gene expression. Elevated expression of flavone synthase II, flavanone 4‐reductase and dihydroflavonol reductase genes which control the biosynthesis of flavonoid phytoalexins characterized the highly expressing Lr34res transgenic lines 24‐h post‐inoculation with P. purpurea. Metabolite analysis of mesocotyls infected with C. sublineolum showed increased levels of 3‐deoxyanthocyanidin metabolites were associated with Lr34res expression, concomitant with reduced symptoms of anthracnose.
A reconfigured Kennedy pathway which promotes efficient accumulation of medium‐chain fatty acids in leaf oils
Authors: Reynolds Kyle B. , Taylor Matthew C. , Cullerne Darren P. , Blanchard Christopher L. , Wood Craig C. , Singh Surinder P. , Petrie James R. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryMedium‐chain fatty acids (MCFA, C6‐14 fatty acids) are an ideal feedstock for biodiesel and broader oleochemicals. In recent decades, several studies have used transgenic engineering to produce MCFA in seeds oils, although these modifications result in unbalance membrane lipid profiles that impair oil yields and agronomic performance. Given the ability to engineer nonseed organs to produce oils, we have previously demonstrated that MCFA profiles can be produced in leaves, but this also results in unbalanced membrane lipid profiles and undesirable chlorosis and cell death. Here we demonstrate that the introduction of a diacylglycerol acyltransferase from oil palm, EgDGAT1, was necessary to channel nascent MCFA directly into leaf oils and therefore bypassing MCFA residing in membrane lipids. This pathway resulted in increased flux towards MCFA rich leaf oils, reduced MCFA in leaf membrane lipids and, crucially, the alleviation of chlorosis. Deep sequencing of African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and coconut palm (Cocos nucifera) generated candidate genes of interest, which were then tested for their ability to improve oil accumulation. Thioesterases were explored for the production of lauric acid (C12:0) and myristic (C14:0). The thioesterases from Umbellularia californica and Cinnamomum camphora produced a total of 52% C12:0 and 40% C14:0, respectively, in transient leaf assays. This study demonstrated that the introduction of a complete acyl‐CoA‐dependent pathway for the synthesis of MFCA‐rich oils avoided disturbing membrane homoeostasis and cell death phenotypes. This study outlines a transgenic strategy for the engineering of biomass crops with high levels of MCFA rich leaf oils.
Examining the Evolution of the Field of Public Administration through a Bibliometric Analysis of Public Administration Review
Authors: Ni Chaoqun , Sugimoto Cassidy R. , Robbin Alice 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
In 2015, Public Administration Review celebrated its 75th year of publication. For this milestone, the PAR Editorial Board selected the 75 most influential articles in the history of the journal and invited scholars to “revisit a selection of these articles” in order “to take stock of what these articles meant for the field.” Bibliometrics offers a complementary view of the history of a discipline and the evolution of its research and practice agendas through an analysis of its published literature. This article examines the changes over time in PAR from 1940 through 2013 in authorship: contributions, impact, gender composition, institutional and national affiliation, profession as scholar or practitioner, collaboration networks, and the status of the 75 influential articles. Through an extensive quantitative analysis of scholarly production, this article demonstrates PAR’s centrality to the discipline of public administration and its bridging role between public administration and political science.
Self‐Organisation in Oosterwold, Almere: Challenges with Public Goods and Externalities
Authors: Van Straalen Fennie M. , Witte Patrick , Buitelaar Edwin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAttention to self‐organisation and spontaneous order in urban development is growing both in academia and in planning practice. One of the current academic discussions centres around the desirability of self‐organisation. This paper evaluates the case of self‐organisation in Oosterwold Almere in the Netherlands — an atypical case as it is a large‐scale experimental project of organic urban development. We analysed how this case deals with traditional welfare‐economic justifications for urban planning by the government. Several challenges of self‐governing communities in dealing with public goods and negative externalities are identified. The case of Oosterwold highlights the continued importance of collective action, both in the provision and management of public goods and services, and in the prevention of free‐rider behaviour and inefficient use of space. In Oosterwold, collective solutions are being established to deal with challenges concerning institutions, common costs, and the liability of replacing the urban planning by the government.
Clinical Manifestations, Treatment, and Diagnosis of Tropheryma whipplei Infections
Authors: Dolmans Ruben A. V. , Boel C. H. Edwin , Lacle Miangela M. , Kusters Johannes G. 
Published: March 2017

SUMMARY

Whipple's disease is a rare infectious disease that can be fatal if left untreated. The disease is caused by infection with
Tropheryma whipplei
, a bacterium that may be more common than was initially assumed. Most patients present with nonspecific symptoms, and as routine cultivation of the bacterium is not feasible, it is difficult to diagnose this infection. On the other hand, due to the generic symptoms, infection with this bacterium is actually quite often in the differential diagnosis. The gold standard for diagnosis used to be periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining of duodenal biopsy specimens, but PAS staining has a poor specificity and sensitivity. The development of molecular techniques has resulted in more convenient methods for detecting
T. whipplei
infections, and this has greatly improved the diagnosis of this often missed infection. In addition, the molecular detection of
T. whipplei
has resulted in an increase in knowledge about its pathogenicity, and this review gives an overview of the new insights in epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of
Tropheryma whipplei
infections.