bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability and consistency of a finite difference scheme for compressible viscous isentropic flow in multi-dimension
Authors: Hošek Radim , She Bangwei 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Motivated by the work of Karper [29], we propose a numerical scheme to compressible Navier-Stokes system in spatial multi-dimension based on finite differences. The backward Euler method is applied for the time discretization, while a staggered grid, with continuity and momentum equations on different grids, is used in space. The existence of a solution to the implicit nonlinear scheme, strictly positivity of the numerical density, stability and consistency of the method for the whole range of physically relevant adiabatic exponents are proved. The theoretical part is complemented by computational results that are performed in two spatial dimensions.
POD-ROM for the Darcy–Brinkman equations with double-diffusive convection
Authors: Eroglu Fatma G. , Kaya Songul , Rebholz Leo G. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This paper extends proper orthogonal decomposition reduced order modeling to flows governed by double diffusive convection, which models flow driven by two potentials with different rates of diffusion. We propose a reduced model based on proper orthogonal decomposition, present a stability and convergence analyses for it, and give results for numerical tests on a benchmark problem which show it is an effective approach to model reduction in this setting.
A state-of-the-art review of built environment information modelling (BeIM)
Authors: Tah J.H.M. , Oti A.H. , Abanda F.H. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Elements that constitute the built environment are vast and so are the independent systems developed to model its various aspects. Many of these systems have been developed under various assumptions and approaches to execute functions that are distinct, complementary or sometimes similar. Furthermore, these systems are ever increasing in number and often assume similar nomenclatures and acronyms, thereby exacerbating the challenges of understanding their peculiar functions, definitions and differences. The current societal demand to improve sustainability performance through collaboration as well as whole-system and through-life thinking is driving the need to integrate independent systems associated with different aspects and scales of the built environment to deliver smart solutions and services that improve the well-being of citizens. The contemporary object-oriented digitization of real-world elements appears to provide a leeway for amalgamating the modelling systems of various domains in the built environment which we termed as built environment information modelling (BeIM). These domains include architecture, engineering, construction as well as urban planning and design. Applications such as building information modelling, geographic information systems and 3D city modelling systems are now being integrated for city modelling purposes. The various works directed at integrating these systems are examined, revealing that current research efforts on integration fall into three categories: (1) data/file conversion systems, (2) semantic mapping systems and (3) the hybrid of both. The review outcome suggests that good knowledge of these domains and how their respective systems operate is vital to pursuing holistic systems integration in the built environment.
Fetal “Aortic Coarctation” and Different Neonatal Follow-Up in 3 Cases
Authors: Swięchowicz Barbara , Respondek-Liberska Maria 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Heart defects which includes narrowing of aortic isthmus - aortic coarctation (CoA) are one of the most prevalent birth defects. Making a correct prenatal diagnosis of CoA is very difficult and problematic. We are still observing many false (+) and false (-) diagnoses. In presenting 3 cases with prenatal suspicion of CoA only one patient confirmed this defect in the postnatal life. In the fetal echocardiography inappropriate dimensions of great vessels and PA/Ao ratio are very relevant in the CoA diagnostics. Based on such suspicion before delivery we can select a group in which birth in the tertiary center, prostin infusion, control ECHO examinations and planned cardiac surgery will be needed. But wide differential diagnosis including pulmonary dilatation (due to pulmonary hypertension or fetal blood redistribution due to possible infection) is required.
Synthetic polymer materials for forward osmosis (FO) membranes and FO applications: a review
Authors: Xu Wenxuan , Ge Qingchun 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) has played an important role in alleviating the problems caused by freshwater shortage and water contamination in recent years. However, issues of low water permeability, reverse solute diffusion, concentration polarization and membrane fouling are still widely present in FO processes. These challenges are the current research focus in exploring novel FO membranes. Fabricating FO membranes from chemically modified commercial polymers is a relatively novel approach and has proven effective in obtaining appropriate FO membranes. This paper focuses on the progress of FO membranes made specially from chemically modified polymer materials. First of all, a brief overview of commercial polymers commonly used for FO membrane fabrication is provided. Secondly, the chemical modification strategies and synthesis routes of novel polymer materials as well as the resultant FO membrane performance are presented. The strengths and weaknesses of chemical modifications on polymer materials are assessed. Then, typical FO applications facilitated by the FO membranes made from modified polymer materials are exemplified. Finally, challenges and future directions in exploring novel polymers through chemical modifications for FO membrane fabrication are highlighted. This review may provide new insights into the future advancement of both novel membrane materials and FO membranes.
Another step toward the solution of the real structure of zinkenite
Authors: Biagioni Cristian , Bindi Luca , Moëlo Yves 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The crystal structure of Cu-bearing zinkenite from Saint-Pons (Alpes Maritimes department, France), having idealized chemical composition Cu0.7Pb9.7Sb21.3S42, has been studied. It has a pronounced hexagonal sub-cell, with unit-cell parameters a=22.1219(11), c=4.3207(3) Å, V=1831.2(2) Å3, space group P63, Z=1. The sub-cell crystal structure was refined to R
1=0.072 on the basis of 3905 reflections with F
o>4σ(F
o) and 133 refined parameters. It can be described as formed by one kind of rod, with walls of columns of (Pb/Sb)-centered polyhedra flanking both the rods and the sites located along the 63 screw axis. Minor Cu is hosted in the tetrahedral voids between the rods and the walls of polyhedra. Alternatively, the crystal structure of zinkenite can be described as formed by trigonal rods, delimited by lone electron-pair micelles, and tunnels hosting (Pb/Sb) atoms. The occurrence of weak superstructure reflections points to a triclinic unit cell with parameters a=38.271(2), b=22.1219(13), c=8.6475(5) Å, α=89.931(3), β=90.030(3), γ=89.957(3)°, V=7323.6(7) Å3, space group P1, Z=4. The twin laws making the twin lattice hexagonal have been taken into account and the crystal structure has been solved and refined. Notwithstanding the very low R
1 value (R
1=0.038 on the basis of 22563 reflections with F
o>4σ(F
o) and 1194 refined parameters), several shortcomings, mainly due to the low diffraction quality of the available crystals, allow only the description of the main structural features of the superstructure of zinkenite, indicating the correctness of the triclinic model hypothesized by previous authors.
Classification and Recursion Operators of Dark Burgers’ Equation
Authors: Chen Mei-Dan , Li Biao 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
With the help of symbolic computation, two types of complete scalar classification for dark Burgers’ equations are derived by requiring the existence of higher order differential polynomial symmetries. There are some free parameters for every class of dark Burgers’ systems; so some special equations including symmetry equation and dual symmetry equation are obtained by selecting the free parameter. Furthermore, two kinds of recursion operators for these dark Burgers’ equations are constructed by two direct assumption methods.
Dust Ion-Acoustic Shock Waves in a Multicomponent Magnetorotating Plasma
Authors: Kaur Barjinder , Saini N.S. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The nonlinear properties of dust ion-acoustic (DIA) shock waves in a magnetorotating plasma consisting of inertial ions, nonextensive electrons and positrons, and immobile negatively charged dust are examined. The effects of dust charge fluctuations are not included in the present investigation, but the ion kinematic viscosity (collisions) is a source of dissipation, leading to the formation of stable shock structures. The Zakharov–Kuznetsov–Burgers (ZKB) equation is derived using the reductive perturbation technique, and from its solution the effects of different physical parameters, i.e. nonextensivity of electrons and positrons, kinematic viscosity, rotational frequency, and positron and dust concentrations, on the characteristics of shock waves are examined. It is observed that physical parameters play a very crucial role in the formation of DIA shocks. This study could be useful in understanding the electrostatic excitations in dusty plasmas in space (e.g. interstellar medium).
Age-Dependent Decline in Fate Switch from NG2 Cells to Astrocytes After Olig2 Deletion
Authors: Zuo Hao , Wood William M. , Sherafat Amin , Hill Robert A. , Lu Q. Richard , Nishiyama Akiko 
Published: January 2018

NG2 cells are a resident glial progenitor cell population that is uniformly distributed throughout the developing and mature mammalian CNS. Those in the postnatal CNS generate exclusively myelinating and non-myelinating oligodendrocytes and are thus equated with oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Prenatally, NG2 cells in the ventral gray matter of the forebrain generate protoplasmic astrocytes as well as oligodendrocytes. The fate conversion from NG2 cells into protoplasmic astrocytes is dependent on downregulation of the key oligodendrocyte transcription factor Olig2. We showed previously that constitutive deletion of Olig2 in NG2 cells converts NG2 cells in the neocortex into protoplasmic astrocytes at the expense of oligodendrocytes. In this study, we show that postnatal deletion of Olig2 caused NG2 cells in the neocortex but not in other gray matter regions to become protoplasmic astrocytes. However, NG2 cells in the neocortex became more resistant to astrocyte fate switch over the first 3 postnatal weeks. Fewer NG2 cells differentiated into astrocytes and did so with longer latency after Olig2 deletion at postnatal day 18 (P18) compared with deletion at P2. The high-mobility group transcription factor Sox10 was not downregulated for at least 1 month after Olig2 deletion at P18 despite an early transient upregulation of the astrocyte transcription factor NFIA. Furthermore, inhibiting cell proliferation in slice culture reduced astrocyte differentiation from Olig2-deleted perinatal NG2 cells, suggesting that cell division might facilitate nuclear reorganization needed for astrocyte transformation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNG2 cells are glial progenitor cells that retain a certain degree of lineage plasticity. In the normal postnatal neocortex, they generate mostly oligodendrocyte lineage cells. When the oligodendrocyte transcription factor Olig2 is deleted in NG2 cells in the neocortex, they switch their fate to protoplasmic astrocytes. However, the efficiency of the fate switch decreases with age over the first 3 postnatal weeks and is reduced when cell proliferation is inhibited. As the neocortex matures, sustained expression of the oligodendrocyte lineage-specific key transcription factor Sox10 becomes less dependent on Olig2. Together, our findings suggest a gradual stabilization of the oligodendrocyte lineage genes and loss of lineage plasticity during the first 3 weeks after birth, possibly due to nuclear reorganization.
Generalized Point Estimators for Fuzzy Multivariate Data
Authors: Sunanta Owat 
Published: January 2018

Data analysis methods are necessary tools in evaluating and better understanding the information of interest. However, there are limitations in applying standard statistical methods to specific data analyses. The data obtained from different sources are often clouded by imprecision and uncertainty. To overcome this problem, data analysis methods have to be generalized to capture the data uncertainty through statististical methods for fuzzy data. The existing methods are based on the extension principle or require other generalized procedures, such as the calculation of statistics, the extimation of parameters, and the construction of fuzzy confidence regions. The development of these methods to evaluate univariate data has been flourished. However, to solve complex real-world problems, these methods have to be extended and generalized to handle multivariate fuzzy data. In this research, the methods of generalized point estimators, i.e. sample mean, variance-covariance, and correlation coefficient, are extended for the multivariate case through concepts of fuzzy vector and combined fuzzy sample.
A rare case of Homicidal Mercury poisoning
Authors: Kaur Rupinder , Garg Parveen , Kaur Simran , Singh Jagminder , Chahal Harmandeep Singh 
Published: January 2018

Mercury poisoning results from exposure to mercury in various forms. We report a case of homicidal ingestion of elemental mercury. Patient was managed with gastric lavage and chelation with British anti-Lewisite (BAL). Patient remained asymptomatic and developed no complications. He was discharged after 5 days in stable condition. Homicidal cases of mercury poisoning are rare. Elemental mercury ingestion usually does not produce complications as absorption from gastrointestinal tract is minimal. Patient with mercury poisoning is managed with abstinence of exposure, gastric lavage and chelation therapy. Although elemental mercury poisoning usually does not cause complications but should be managed with care to minimize the risk if any.
Towards Improving South Africa's Legislation On Tax Evasion: A Comparison Of Legislation On Tax Evasion Of The USA, UK, Australia And South Africa
Authors: Storm Ansia , Coetzee Katrina 
Published: January 2018

The fight against tax evasion in South Africa is an ongoing battle. The tools available to law enforcement boil down to legislation and the enforcement thereof. The purpose of the study that was done for this article was to compare available legislation of the United States of America, United Kingdom, Australia and South Africa to determine if South Africa’s legislation can be improved. This was done by studying the relevant literature and legislation of all four countries. The findings, that there is some clauses that can be added to improve South Africa’s legislation, were confirmed by analyzing the legislation available. In theory, the results have proven that although South Africa’s legislation can compete with that of the United States of America, United Kingdom and Australia, there is some improvement that can be considered. This is of value to the individuals and professionals who deal with the offence of tax evasion on a daily basis, ensuring that the reviewed legislation will deter perpetrators or that the charges brought against them in the court of law will ensure harsher punishment.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KEPUASAN MUTU HIDANGAN DENGAN TINGKAT KONSUMSI ENERGI DAN MAKRONUTRIEN PADA REMAJA DI BPSAA PAGADEN SUBANG
Authors: Sela Gina , Nuraeni Indah , Agustia Friska Citra 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

To examine the association between the level of food quality satisfaction with energy and macronutrient intake in adolescents at Balai Perlindungan Sosial Anak (BPSAA) Pagaden Subang. This was a cross sectional study included 45 respondents selected by simple random sampling. Respondents fill the questionare of the level of food quality satisfaction and recall 24 hours. Bivariate analysis used Rank-Spearman test. Most of respondents were satisfied with food appeareance (95.2%), food flavor (95.7%) and a food variation (93.3%). The average intake of energy and macronutrients of respondents are lower than normal value (energy = 1207.15 kcal; Protein = 42.97 g; Fat = 56.4 g; KH = 131.90 g). The results of the bivariate analysis showed no relationship between the level of food quality satisfaction with energy and macronutrient intake (p> 0.05). There was no association between level of food appearance, food flavor and food variation with energy and macronutrient intake in adolescents at BPSAA Pagaden Subang.

Keywords : Food Satisfaction Level, Energy intake, Macronutrient intake, Adolescence, Ophranage

ABSTRAK

Penyelenggaraan makanan di panti asuhan melayani anak asuh yang masih berada dalam masa pertumbuhan. Remaja memerlukan energi dan zat gizi yang lebih banyak karena pada masa tersebut merupakan masa dimana percepatan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tubuh. Tingkat konsumsi energi dan zat gizi salah satunya ditentukan oleh kuantitas dan kualitas hidangan. Mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat kepuasan mutu hidangan sebagai salah satu output dari penyelenggaraan makanan dengan tingkat konsumsi energi dan makronutrien pada remaja di BPSAA Pagaden Subang. Desain penelitian cross sectional. Sampel sebanyak 45 remaja yang diambil secara random sampling mengisi kuesioner tingkat kepuasan mutu hidangan dan recall 24 jam. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Rank-Spearman. Hampir seluruh responden merasa puas dengan penampilan makanan (95,2%), cita rasa makanan (95,7%) dan variasi makanan (93,3%). Rata-rata asupan energi dan makronutrien responden tergolong kurang (energi = 1207,15 Kkal; Protein = 42,97 gr; Lemak = 56,4 gr; KH = 131,90 gr). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat kepuasan mutu hidangan dengan tingkat konsumsi energi dan makronutrien (p > 0,05). Tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat kepuasan penampilan makanan, cita rasa makanan dan variasi makanan dengan tingkat konsumsi energi dan makronutrien pada remaja di BPSAA Pagaden Subang.
Kata Kunci : Tingkat Kepuasan Mutu Hidangan, Tingkat Konsumsi Energi, Tingkat Konsumsi Makronutien, Remaja, Panti Asuhan
Keanekaragaman dan Potensi Lobster (Malacostraca: Palinuridae) di Pantai Pameungpeuk, Garut Selatan, Jawa Barat
Authors: Pratiwi Rianta 
Published: January 2018

Coral shrimp (Panulirus spp.) or known as lobster is a potential fishery commodity and economic value. The demand for domestic and export market continues to increase both as local consumption and export. Indonesia is the largest lobster fishery producer in almost all Indonesian waters, from the west coast of Sumatra to the east coast Jayapura, one of which is Pameungpeuk beach, South Garut, West Java. As a result of increasing demand, fishermen try to catch as many lobsters and the impact of lobster prices also in creases and whereas fishermen continuously take it from nature. This study was conducted to determine the diversity and potential of lobster species especially living in high wavy waters along the southern coast of Garut (Pamengpeuk), West Java.The results of observation are only three types of crayfish, namely: a. Panulirus homarus (green lobster sand); b. Panulirus longipes (lobster flower/ red lobster) and Panulirus versicolor (green lobster/bamboo); is most commonly found in the area of south Garut, Pameungpeuk beach with high and strong waves. The percentage of female P longipes species (42.88%) was higher compared to male P. homarus (40%) and ovigerous female of P. versicolor (37.14%). While the sexual ratio between P. homarus (1:2.0:2.0); P. longipes (1:1.2:1.0) and P. versicolor: 1:1.2:1.2 which statistically showed significantly different p <0.05.
DIVERSITY AND CAPABILITY ANALYSES OF FERTILITY RESTORER GENES OF CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILE RICE LINES USING SSR
Authors: Widyastuti Yuni , Yunus Muhamad , Purwoko Bambang Sapta , Satoto Satoto 
Published: January 2018

<p class="abstrakinggris">Development of hybrid rice depends on the effectivity of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and restorer (R) lines. The molecular genetic approach is expected to help the breeder in identification of suitable parental lines to hybrid rice improvement. The study aimed to assess genetic relationship among three types of CMS systems (wild abbortive/WA Kalinga and Gambiaca) as female parents and to identify diversity of genes controlling fertility restoration in rice. The study used nine F<sub>1</sub> hybrids and F<sub>2</sub> populations obtained from the hybridization of three different CMS lines (IR58025A-WA, IR80156A-Kalinga and IR80154A-Gambiaca) with three restorer lines (PK90, PK12 and BP11). Fifteen SSR markers were used to select genomic regions of chromosome 1 and 10 on which <em>Rf3</em> and <em>Rf4</em> genes located in the hybrids. The results showed that fertility restoration in CMS-WA and CMS-Gambiaca was governed by two independent and dominant genes (<em>Rf3</em> and <em>Rf4</em>), while in CMS-Kalinga the fertility restoration was controlled by one single dominant gene. Biological processes occurred in the fertility restoration of the hybrids were the same based on the pollen and spikelet fertilities of F<sub>1</sub> hybrids derived from three CMS and R lines, i.e. 76.1–78.3% and 69.1–76.6%, respectively. A restorer line PK12 had a higher capability in fertility restoration than PK90 and BP11. The SSR primers RM490 and RM258 were capable of identifying the <em>Rf3</em> and <em>Rf4</em> genes controlled fertility restoration in CMS-WA. The study supports the use of male sterile WA in rice hybridization. </p><p class="keyword"> </p>