bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Team Approach: Repair and Rehabilitation Following Flexor Tendon Lacerations
Authors: Morrell Nathan T. , Hulvey Anne , Elsinger Jennifer , Zhang George , Shafritz Adam B. 
Published: January 2018

➢ The treatment of flexor tendon laceration has 3 major phases: initial evaluation with referral to an appropriate surgeon, operative treatment, and postoperative hand therapy.➢ The initial provider must perform a comprehensive history and physical examination, including evaluations of tendon function, neurological function, and the vascular viability of the injured digit.➢ Operative repairs of flexor tendon injuries are best done as soon as reasonably possible with use of a variety of acceptable anesthetic options, suture configurations, and postoperative therapy protocols.➢ It is necessary to have a complete and interactive team—patient, surgeon, and therapist—in order to obtain the best possible outcome following flexor tendon laceration.
Tenosynovial Giant-Cell Tumors of the Foot and Ankle
Authors: Fraser Ethan J. , Sullivan Martin , Maclean Fiona , Nesbitt Alexander 
Published: January 2018

➢ Tenosynovial giant-cell tumor (TGCT) is the common term used to describe a group of soft-tissue tumors that share a common etiological link. Historically, the multiplicity of terms used to describe these tumors, in addition to contention regarding etiology, has led to confusion regarding their diagnosis and treatment.➢ An overexpression of colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) caused by a specific chromosomal translocation t(1;2) has been identified in both localized and diffuse tumors and has led to an interest in pharmacological therapies targeting the CSF-1/CSF-1R (CSF-1 receptor) axis.➢ Operative treatment remains the mainstay of treatment for TGCT of the foot and ankle; however, given the rarity of these tumors, treatment recommendations have not been verified on the basis of large cohort studies or high-level evidence.➢ A multidisciplinary approach is important in TGCT treatment. Open surgical excision or synovectomy is considered to be the first-line treatment. While the roles of arthroscopic excision, radiation therapy, and targeted pharmacological therapies have not been validated, these therapies may be of use for selected patients, particularly those with recurrent or unresectable lesions.➢ A clear definition of tumor recurrence based on radiographic evidence of progression and/or return of symptoms is required to quantify the outcomes of treatment, to reduce heterogeneity between studies, and to avoid morbidity associated with repeated surgical excisions.
Measurement Properties of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Used in Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Gagnier Joel J. , Huang Hsiaomin , Mullins Megan , Marinac-Dabić Danica , Ghambaryan Anna , Eloff Benjamin , Mirza Faisal , Bayona Manuel 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Many patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have been developed to evaluate patient conditions before and after total hip arthroplasty. Also, many studies have been conducted to evaluate and compare the qualities of these instruments. Previously published reports suggest that most of these studies have poor methodology. Recently, 2 sets of criteria were developed for guiding and assessing the methodological and psychometric quality of these PROMs. We reviewed PROMs for total hip arthroplasty patients and appraised the methodological quality and psychometric evidence of evaluations of each identified instrument.

Methods:
Databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, and others were searched for English-language articles published on or before April 14, 2017, using search terms related to outcome instrument, the condition or procedure of interest (hip arthroplasty), and psychometric properties. The methodological quality of the studies and the evidence of the psychometric properties were summarized and appraised using the COSMIN (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments) checklist and the psychometric evidence criteria. Overall psychometric ratings were derived by combining the 2 criteria.

Results:
Seventy-three studies investigating 26 instruments were included. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Oxford Hip Score, Harris hip score, and the Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) were the most frequently assessed instruments. The WOMAC had 5 properties with positive evidence and was the highest-quality instrument overall, followed by the HOOS and the European Health Interview Survey (EUROHIS)-Quality of Life 8-item index.

Conclusions:
Despite a large number of included studies, many had low COSMIN ratings. We recommend additional rigorous studies to explore the psychometric properties of these instruments. Furthermore, the development of a core outcome set for total hip arthroplasty clinical trials is needed.
Combined ACL and Anterolateral Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Saithna Adnan , Thaunat Mathieu , Delaloye Jean Romain , Ouanezar Hervé , Fayard Jean Marie , Sonnery-Cottet Bertrand 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Clinical results of combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and anterolateral ligament (ALL) reconstruction have demonstrated a significant reduction in ACL graft rupture rates and improved rates of return to sports compared with isolated ACL reconstruction
1
. This finding is supported by laboratory studies that have demonstrated that combined ACL reconstruction and lateral extra-articular tenodesis procedures protect the ACL graft by load-sharing with it and by more reliably restoring normal knee kinematics compared with isolated ACL reconstruction.

Description:
The ACL graft is formed from a tripled semitendinosus tendon and a single strand of gracilis tendon. The femoral tunnel is drilled to provide an anatomic location intra-articularly and to exit the femur just posterior and proximal to the lateral epicondyle. The additional length of gracilis therefore exits the femoral tunnel at the anatomic origin of the ALL and is then routed (under the iliotibial band [ITB]) through a tibial tunnel, and back to the femoral origin, to reconstruct the ALL.

Alternatives:
Many different types of nonanatomic lateral extra-articular tenodesis procedures have been reported. The most frequently performed were the Lemaire and MacIntosh procedures; however, these, and others, were widely abandoned after poor results were reported in the 1980s.

Rationale:
ALL reconstruction differs from other lateral extra-articular tenodesis-type procedures because the procedure is anatomically based and can be percutaneously performed. Nonanatomic procedures (typically with a strand of ITB passed under the lateral collateral ligament [LCL]) have been reported to be associated with overconstraint, early arthritis, and an increased risk of infection
2–5
. In contrast, ALL reconstruction has been shown to restore normal knee kinematics and to avoid overconstraint when correctly fixed in full extension and neutral rotation6. The main concern with any type of lateral extra-articular tenodesis is based on historical reports of poor outcomes
2,3
. However, a recent study has demonstrated that combined ACL and ALL reconstruction is associated with a reoperation rate that is comparable with the rate seen after isolated ACL reconstruction, and it has a very low rate of complications
7
. This makes a compelling argument for anatomic ALL and ACL reconstruction being the procedure of choice when considering an extra-articular procedure. This is further supported by the fact that, even though previous studies have demonstrated a trend toward reduced ACL graft rupture with nonanatomic lateral extra-articular tenodesis procedures, they have not shown a significant improvement in outcomes
8
. Combined ACL and ALL reconstruction is currently the only type of lateral extra-articular procedure that has been demonstrated to significantly reduce the risk of ACL graft rupture and improve the rate of return to sports
1
.
Case Study - Bhit Gas Field Compression for Recovery Enhancement
Authors: Shah Naseem Munawar , Kalhoro Waheed Ali , Maniscalco Giuseppe , Giacomo Corecella , Haider Syed Afraz , Qureshi Abdul Qayyum , Zahidi Shahid 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Gas compression has been widely adopted by the petroleum industry and is validated as a reliable method for improving reserves base. As depletion drive gas fields mature, their reservoir pressure declines with an associated reduction in gas production rates. This phenomenon is even more pronounced in fields where aquifer water breaks through and results in rapidly falling well head pressures which naturally result in reduced reserves recovery over the producing life of the field. Compression at wellhead or at the facility elongates well and field life resulting in tapping additional reserves, which may be left behind in case surface compression facilities are not put in place in a timely and phased manner.
Compression was initiated at Bhit Gas Field from 2009 and implemented in a phased manner over several years. In first phase, well head compression was deployed to ensure a continuous plateau rate and provide additional gas recovery at 100 psig suction pressure which was selected through matching compressor curves against well deliverability. In second phase, booster compressors at selected wellheads were installed to further drop pressures d upto 50 psig. This was followed by optimization where existing compressors were not only swapped, relocated and reconfigured but also spare compression capacity was utilized by merging wellhead to nodal compression to further drop pressures upto 20 psig leading to increased recovery. Surface optimization actions were justified by set of forecasted results from simulation model utilizing compressor curves.
This paper will demonstrate the continuous surface optimization performed as a function of reservoir and well response with the ultimate aim of enhancing reserves recovery by comparing actual field performance with Forecasts from a numerical simulation model. Highlights on the benefits of timely identification and implementation of compression needs achieved through significant cost savings and reduced project time to market will also be presented
Drilling and Well Engineering Management System - An Innovative Project Management Approach for Efficient Drilling
Authors: Ullah Safi , Zahid Salman , Hasan Naveed , Ali Muhammad 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The importance of improving the drilling performance in an E&P company cannot be under estimated as it directly impacts the overall cost of the project. The objective of drilling and well engineering management system is to address the technical and organizational aspects of Drilling operations and deliver the wells in safe and cost effective manner. The different tools that are the vital part of the Drilling and well engineering management system include gates review process for well delivery; section-wise after action review, lesson learned tracking system and non-productive time(NPT) tracking system for continuous improvement from the previous wells. Tools for knowledge and data management and analysis (including technical limits& field specific KPIs) and their input for the upcoming wells is also the part of the system. A cross deliberation, peer review process and auditing system is in place in the process for the compliance check.
Notable impacts of the Drilling well engineering management system include rigorous well examination during the gates review process, enhanced risk assessments of various aspects of well planning. The system provides accurate and detailed monitoring of the drilling operations through various tools during the execution phase.
Within one year of its implementation, the operator was able to improve the drilling performance by achieving huge benchmarks in exploratory and development prospects across the entire operated blocks. In some of the fields, where the drilling activity is progress for more than 50 years; the implementation of the management system provided around 100 to 150 % decrease in drilling time and cost in the benchmark wells. This paper includes the results from one of the major challenging fields; Adhi field in which subject changes were implemented successfully.
This paper provides an overview of the management system, its implementation in the organization and outcomes and benefits achieved in the drilling efficiency through the system.
Improved Oil Recovery through Cost Effective In-Situ Gas Injection - A Case Study of Badin
Authors: Noman Muhammad , Mehmood Faisal , Ghouri Waqar M. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Poor recovery of oil rims is a common challenge for most operators. The reasons are inherent subsurface risks and capital intensive EOR and IOR projects. This paper presents a similar case of reservoir with oil rim where a cost effective method was employed to increase oil recovery. The idea was to inject high pressure gas from a shallower gas reservoir into zone with oil rim.
The case study is about B Field located in Sindh Province of Pakistan discovered through drilling of well B-1 in 1989. The well encountered hydrocarbon bearing Lower Goru X&Y Sands. Formation testing results and Open-hole logs showed X Sand to be gas bearing, whereas, Y Sand found thin oil rim overlain by gas cap. B-1 was put on production from Y Sand and it flowed at around 300 bopd with 500 scf/stb GOR. However, rapid decline in oil rates and reservoir pressure was witnessed due to gas coning. Based on engineering and G&G analysis, it was decided to re-pressurize oil rim in Y Sand using gas of X Sand at virgin pressure. Considering Y Sand to be laterally extensive body, effect of gas injection at B-1 should be observed at wells B-2 and B-6 in the same structure.
Nodal analysis was performed to estimate injection rate while tank models were used to estimate additional recovery. The X Sand was then perforated and cross-flow established. Performance of gas injection was monitored through surveillance at B-2 and B-6 that recorded increasing Y Sand pressures. Success of in-situ gas injection was established as considerable improvement in oil recovery was achieved.
In-situ gas injection, wherever applicable, could be an efficient technique to maintain reservoir pressure of oil reservoir without additional surface footprints or facilities thus incurring marginal capital expenditure. The efficacy of this technique could be easily monitored through regular surveillance and well production behavior.
A Success Case of Water Blockage Treatment at Gas Well Through Alcohol Based Recipe
Authors: Khan Zaeem Hasan , Noman Muhammad , Hadi Abdul 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Water blockage is a common phenomenon that significantly deteriorates well deliverability. It is caused by introduction of external water in critical matrix which changes parent saturations thus damaging relative permeability to oil or gas. This paper discusses the case of a gas well that suffered complete loss of production due to water blockage which, however, was later successfully treated and revived using alcohol based recipe.
The well K-1 was drilled By UEP in Sindh, Pakistan and encountered hydrocarbon hearing BS-1 and BS-2 Sands. The well was put on commingle production from BS-1 & BS-2. After few months of production, water breakthrough was observed from BS-2 and was subsequently isolated, based on production logging results, using mechanical plug. However, well behavior indicated integrity issue of mechanical plug with well ceased to flow from BS-1. Attempts to revive the well proved futile as K-1 did not revive. Detailed investigations identified that well loaded up due to cross flow of BS-2 water into BS-1 resulting in water blockage.
In order to treat water blockage, alcohol based system was used. It is a volatile non-aqueous solvent which basically lowers the surface tension of acid and thereby achieves deeper penetration into rock matrix. Alcohol based recipe proved successful in curing water blockage and reviving the well's production.
Biomass Production and Environmental Considerations from Reed Canarygrass Fertilized with Organic Residues in Northern Environments
Authors: Bélanger Gilles , Cambouris Athyna N. , Ziadi Noura , Parent Gaétan , Mongrain Danielle , Lajeunesse Julie , Martel Huguette , Seguin Philippe 
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas
Liquid swine manure and municipal biosolid provide sufficient N for reed canarygrass.Liquid swine manure and municipal biosolid use do not cause nitrate leaching and heavy metal accumulation.Kura clover with reed canarygrass improves DM yield but less than fertilizers.
Sustainable biomass production on marginal lands of northern areas using cool‐season perennial grasses and under‐exploited N sources requires development. We determined the biomass production of reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) fertilized with municipal biosolid (MB), liquid swine manure (LSM), mineral fertilizer (M), or grown with a legume species and harvested either in July or October along with the consequences of soil contamination by nitrates and heavy metals. The experiment, conducted at two sites from 2009 to 2011, included three target N rates (40, 80, and 120 kg total N ha−1) applied in spring as either MB, LSM, or M along with an unfertilized control treatment and a treatment with kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. B.). Reed canarygrass responded positively to N application from all sources. Both sources of organic fertilization resulted in DM yield close to that obtained with mineral fertilization but seasonal DM yield was greater with LSM than with MB. Kura clover improved DM yield compared with reed canarygrass without N fertilization, but it was not sufficient to reach DM yields obtained with N fertilization. The three N sources did not affect residual soil nitrates in the fall at both sites, the soil solution nitrate concentrations measured during the growing season at one site, nor the soil accumulation of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, and Cd) in the fall of the last year at both sites. Our results confirm that, as an alternative to M use, MB and LSM are valuable N sources for reed canarygrass biomass in northern areas.
Genotypic Variation and Genotype × Environment Interaction for Yield‐Related Traits in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheats under a Range of Optimal and Heat‐Stressed Environments
Authors: Aziz Abdul , Mahmood Tariq , Mahmood Zahid , Shazadi Kanwal , Mujeeb‐Kazi Abdul , Rasheed Awais 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTAdaptation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to high temperature could be improved by introgressions from wild relatives. The response of 137 D genome synthetic hexaploid wheats (SHWs) to high temperature was evaluated to determine their potential for wheat improvement. Field experiments were conducted in two temperature scenarios (normal sowing time [NOR] and late sowing time to expose the plants to heat stress [HS]) for 2 yr at three locations to assess the effect of terminal high temperature on yield‐related traits. High temperature stress overall led to a 46.9% reduction in grain yield and significant reductions of 25.2% in days to heading, 26.6% in plant height, 16.1% in grain number per square meter, and 18.3% in thousand grain weight. In ridge regression analysis, agronomic traits explained 8.74 to 35.2% of the variation in grain yield in the HS treatments with an average of 30.47%. In NOR treatments, agronomic traits explained 8.85 to 45.5% of the variation in grain yield, with an average of 34.5%. Days to heading was negatively correlated with grain yield in the heat‐stressed environments but did not explain significant variation in grain yield in optimal environments. Thousand‐grain weight explained the highest variation in grain yield in all environments, followed by grain number per square meter. The top ten highest grain‐yielding SHWs in the HS treatment were also tolerant to heat stress, with a heat susceptibility index ranging from 0.33 to 0.40. These SHWs could be a promising source to introduce yield‐related traits to develop high‐yielding wheat cultivars for heat‐stressed environments.
Boron Adsorption and Desorption on Volcanic Ash–Derived Soils
Authors: Terraza Pira Maria Fernanda , Sumner Malcolm E. , Cabrera Miguel L. , Thompson Aaron 
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas
Soil B availability in volcanic soils is governed by SRO minerals.
Analyzing whole‐soil reactivity based on mineral surface abundance is proposed.
Volcanic soils adsorb as much as 18‐fold higher than non‐volcanic soils.
The reversibility of adsorption reactions decreases as andic character increases.
pH in NaF can be used to reflect field B availability and application rates.
Many crops in volcanic regions exhibit symptoms of B deficiency but do not respond to B fertilizer rates that solve deficiency problems in non–volcanic‐influenced soils. The US recommended rates are routinely adopted in these regions without accounting for differences in soil B dynamics. Because of the paucity of investigations and the resulting lack of understanding of B adsorption/desorption dynamics in volcanic ash–derived soils over the past 40 yr, it would be incorrect to extrapolate the few data available to all volcanic ash–derived soils because they have not been analyzed as a function of andic character. This paper aims to create an understanding of what soil properties govern B availability in volcanic‐influenced soils and to establish if there are low‐cost testing methods that can help estimate appropriate field B application rates in these soils. Boron adsorption/desorption isotherms were constructed for a group of volcanic ash–derived and non‐volcanic ash–derived soils, and the derived parameters were compared with various standard soil tests. Our results show that soil B availability in volcanic‐influenced soils is governed mainly by strong and stable B complexation with short‐range‐order (SRO) minerals. Boron adsorption maxima exhibit a wide variability not directly correlated with clay content but rather with reactivity quantified by SRO mineral and organic matter contents. Organic matter is not a significant variable explaining specific surface area for the overall group of soils, but it becomes significant for soils containing <200 g clay kg‐1, suggesting that a new approach to analyzing whole‐soil reactivity based on mineral surface abundance is needed. The maximum adsorption capacities of volcanic‐influenced soils can be as much as 18‐fold higher than for non‐volcanic soils, with the reversibility of adsorption reactions decreasing as andic character increases. These findings explain why standard B fertilizer rates fail to solve deficiency problems in volcanic‐influenced soils. Because pH in NaF is strongly related with acid‐oxalate Al (SRO minerals) and B desorption index, this low‐cost test can potentially be used as a measure of soil andic character to better reflect B availability and corresponding field application rates.