bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adolescent Perspectives on the Burden of a Parent's Migraine: Results from the CaMEO Study
Authors: Buse Dawn C. , Powers Scott W. , Gelfand Amy A. , VanderPluym Juliana H. , Fanning Kristina M. , Reed Michael L. , Adams Aubrey Manack , Lipton Richard B. 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTo assess the impact of parental migraine on adolescents (aged 13‐21 years) living within the parental home from the adolescent's perspective.BackgroundFamily members are affected by their parent's migraine. We surveyed adolescents on the social, academic, and emotional effects of their parent's migraine.MethodsThe Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes (CaMEO) study was a longitudinal Web‐based study with cross‐sectional modules designed to assess migraine symptoms, severity, frequency, and disability; migraine‐related consulting practices, healthcare utilization, medication use, comorbid health conditions, and family related burden associated with migraine. The Family Burden Module (adolescent version; FBM‐A) from the CaMEO study assessed parents with migraine and adolescent household members (dyads). Adolescents ranged in age from 13‐21 years and were living at home with their parent. The initial FBM‐A survey included 52 items covering five domains, which was refined and reduced by confirmatory factor analysis to 36 items covering four domains. Depression (9‐item Patient Health Questionnaire) and anxiety (7‐item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale) were assessed. Item responses were stratified by parent migraine status (episodic migraine [EM], <15 headache days/month; chronic migraine [CM], ≥15 headache days/month). Frequencies of activities/events missed because of parental headache were categorized as ≥1 time or ≥4 times/previous 30 days.ResultsThe sample included 1,411 parent‐adolescent dyads (parent with EM, n = 1,243 [88.1%]; parent with CM, n = 168 [11.9%]). Burden due to a parent's migraine was reported in four domains based on 36 items including: Loss of Parental Support and Reverse Caregiving (5 items); Emotional Experience (13 items); Interference with School (4 items); and Missed Activities and Events (14 items). Across domains, perceived burden was greater for adolescents of parents with CM vs EM. Rates of moderate‐to‐severe anxiety symptoms were higher among adolescents of parents with CM (6.2 vs 11.3%, P = .01), while moderate‐to‐severe depression symptom rates were similar (5.5 vs 8.9%, P = .08). More adolescents of CM vs EM parents reported having a headache within the previous 3 months (P < .001).ConclusionsParental migraine negatively impacts adolescent children, extending our understanding of the family burden of migraine and emphasizing the potential benefit to children of optimizing migraine care.
Examination of the skin barrier repair/wound healing process using a living skin equivalent model and matrix‐assisted laser desorption‐ionization‐mass spectrometry imaging
Authors: Lewis E. E. L. , Barrett M. R. T. , Freeman‐Parry L. , Bojar R. A. , Clench M. R. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveExamination of the skin barrier repair/wound healing process using a living skin equivalent (LSE) model and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI‐MSI) to identify lipids directly involved as potential biomarkers. These biomarkers may be used to determine whether an in vivo wound is going to heal for example if infected.MethodsAn in vitro LSE model was wounded with a scalpel blade and assessed at day 4 post‐wounding by histology and MALDI‐MSI. Samples were sectioned at wound site and were either formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) for histology or snapped frozen (FF) for MSI analysis.ResultsThe combination of using an in vitro wounded skin model with MSI allowed the identification of lipids involved in the skin barrier repair/wound healing process. The technique was able to highlight lipids directly in the wound site and distinguish differences in lipid distribution between the epidermis and wound site.ConclusionThis novel method of coupling an in vitro LSE with MSI allowed in‐depth molecular analysis of the skin barrier repair/wound healing process. The technique allowed the identification of lipids directly involved in the skin barrier repair/wound healing process, indicating these biomarkers may be potentially be used within the clinic. These biomarkers will help to determine, which stage of the skin barrier repair/wound healing process the wound is in to provide the best treatment.
Fabrication of calcium hexaluminate‐based porous ceramic with microsilica addition
Authors: Li Yuanbing , Xiang Ruofei , Xu Nana , Wang Qingheng , Li Shujing , Wu Mengfei , Yang Chunrui 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCalcium hexaluminate (CA6)‐based porous ceramic was prepared with α‐alumina powders and nanometer‐sized calcium carbonate using a direct foaming technique with the addition of calcium aluminate cement and microsilica. The microsilica leads to the acceleration of CA6 formation. Moreover, the shrinkage, densification, and elastic modulus at room temperature were enhanced with increasing microsilica content. But the hot elastic modulus showed obvious reduction between 1100°C and 1200°C if the microsilica content was over 0.5 wt%. Furthermore, α‐Al2O3 appeared in the specimens with and without microsilica after treatment at 1550°C, and the proportion of CA6 grains having a high aspect ratio increased after microsilica addition.
A case of paraneoplastic elastosis perforans serpiginosa associated with ovarian malignancy
Authors: Quinlan Catherine , Boggs Jennifer , Finan Megan , Mulligan Niall , Gulmann Christian , O'Kane Marina , Ralph Nicola 
Published: January 2018

AbstractElastosis perforans serpiginosa (EPS) is a rare skin disorder in which there is transepithelial elimination of elastin fibers. It belongs to a group of perforating disorders of which there are four classic types. The EPS type is extremely rare. There have been no previous reports of elastosis perforans serpiginosa occurring as a paraneoplastic phenomenon. We report a case of paraneoplastic elastosis perforans serpiginosa in the setting of stage 4 ovarian cancer.
Fermentation dynamics of Lactobacillus helveticus H9 revealed by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Mi Zhihui , Kwok Lai‐yu , Xue Jiangang , Wang Yuenan , Zhang Heping , Chen Yongfu 
Published: January 2018

SummaryLactobacillus (L.) helveticus H9 is a probiotic strain that can produce antihypertensive peptides during milk fermentation. This study analysed the dynamics of skim milk fermentation by L. helveticus H9 by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q‐TOF MS). A total of 1992 metabolites were detected from all of the fermented samples in the LC‐MS analysis by multivariate statistical analysis. Metabolites with variable importance in projection (VIP) values ≥2 were considered differentially abundant among samples and were responsible for the unique taste and nutritional and functional qualities of fermented milk. Valine, threonine, l‐methionine, tyrosine, asparagine and leucine were the predominant amino acids produced during fermentation, and their quantities changed remarkably during the fermentation process. Citric acid and uric acid were the major, and only detectable, organic acids. Some intermediate metabolites, such as N‐acryloylglycine and nicotinamide‐N‐oxide, were also detected. Moreover, certain oligopeptides such as Val‐Leu, Lys‐Gly, Ala‐Glu, Asp‐Ser, Leu‐Pro and Val‐Phe‐Ala were not detected until the middle and late fermentation periods. This study demonstrated dynamic metabolic changes, providing a strong foundation for deciphering the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of the fermentation process.
VIIaAT complexes, procoagulant phospholipids, and thrombin generation during postprandial lipemia
Authors: Silveira A. , Carlo A. , Adam M. , McLeod O. , Lundman P. , Boquist S. , Woodhams B. J. , Hamsten A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIntroductionFactor VII activation occurs postprandially. A proportion of activated factor VII (VIIa) circulates in complex with antithrombin (VIIaAT). Our primary objective was to assess the effects of postprandial lipemia on circulating VIIaAT, procoagulant phospholipid (PPL) activity, and thrombin generation.MethodsPlasma samples from postmyocardial infarction patients (n = 40) and controls (n = 39) were taken before and at 3 and 6 hours during a standardized oral fat tolerance test (OFTT). Fasting PPL activity measurements were also made in a second cohort of 108 postinfarction patients and 109 controls. VIIaAT was analyzed with the Asserachrom VIIaAT ELISA, PPL activity with the STA‐Procoag‐PPL kit, and thrombin generation with calibrated automated thrombogram with PRP‐Reagent as trigger (all Diagnostica Stago products).ResultsPostprandially, VIIaAT increased in all samples without significant case‐control differences in the overall response during the OFTT. Thrombin generation measures peak height and velocity, and PPL activity, were marginally affected by the test meal in the controls. Levels of all patient baseline measures were significantly different from controls, indicating a more hypercoagulable state, and these differences were maintained throughout the OFTT. Fasting samples from cases showed higher PPL activity than control samples.ConclusionViewing VIIaAT quantitation as a surrogate for TF activity measurement, postprandial increase in VIIaAT may reflect a mechanism that adds to the cardiovascular risk associated with postprandial lipemia. On the other hand, the impact of postprandial lipemia on PPL activity and thrombin generation seems to be minor.
1918 pandemic morbidity: The first wave hits the poor, the second wave hits the rich
Authors: Mamelund Svenn‐Erik 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundWhether morbidity from the 1918‐19 influenza pandemic discriminated by socioeconomic status has remained a subject of debate for 100 years. In lack of data to study this issue, the recent literature has hypothesized that morbidity was “socially neutral.”ObjectivesTo study the associations between influenza‐like illness (ILI) and socioeconomic status (SES), gender, and wave during the 1918‐19 influenza pandemic.MethodsAvailability of incidence data on the 1918‐19 pandemic is scarce, in particular for waves other than the “fall wave” October‐December 1918. Here, an overlooked survey from Bergen, Norway (n = 10 633), is used to study differences in probabilities of ILI and ILI probability ratios by apartment size as a measure of SES and gender for 3 waves including the waves prior to and after the “fall wave.”ResultsSocioeconomic status was negatively associated with ILI in the first wave, but positively associated in the second wave. At all SES levels, men had the highest ILI in the summer, while women had the highest ILI in the fall. There were no SES or gender differences in ILI in the winter of 1919.ConclusionsFor the first time, it is documented a crossover in the role of socioeconomic status in 1918 pandemic morbidity. The poor came down with influenza first, while the rich with less exposure in the first wave had the highest morbidity in the second wave. The study suggests that the socioeconomically disadvantaged should be prioritized if vaccines are of limited availability in a future pandemic.
Utility of perioperative skin perfusion pressure measurement for treatment of ulcers caused by arteriovenous access ischaemic steal
Authors: Atomura Daisuke , Aihara Junko , Omori Makoto , Terashi Hiroto 
Published: January 2018

Arteriovenous access ischaemic steal is a serious complication following arteriovenous fistula (AVF) construction. The aim of treatment is to improve distal circulation without impairing the function of the fistula. Therefore, any repair should be performed with intraoperative monitoring. We report 2 cases of this disorder treated using perioperative measurement of skin perfusion pressure (SPP) for preoperative surgical planning and intraoperative guidance.A 73‐year‐old woman with a left cubital AVF developed gangrene of the tip of the left little finger. Arteriovenous access ischaemic steal was suspected. The SPP of the little finger was 18 mm Hg, which increased to 65 mm Hg after manual occlusion of the fistula. A 58‐year‐old woman with a left antebrachial AVF had gangrene of the tip of the left middle finger. The SPP was 19 mm Hg, and steal syndrome was suspected based on angiography and the SPP with manual occlusion of the fistula.In both cases, serial plication of the fistula was performed based on intraoperative perfusion pressure monitoring, leading to the successful resolution of the ischaemic steal syndrome. In both cases, haemodialysis could be continued through the repaired fistula.
Additivity of nebivolol/valsartan single‐pill combinations versus other single‐pill combinations for hypertension
Authors: Ishak Jack , Rael Michael , Punzi Henry , Gradman Alan , Anderson Lynn M. , Patel Mehul , Ali Sanjida , Ferguson William , Neutel Joel 
Published: January 2018

The single‐pill combination (SPC) comprising nebivolol (5 mg), a vasodilatory β1‐selective antagonist/β3‐agonist, and valsartan (80 mg), a renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system inhibitor, is the only Food and Drug Administration–approved β‐blocker/renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system inhibitor SPC for hypertension. Additive effects of four nebivolol/valsartan SPC doses (5 mg/80 mg, 5/160 mg, 10/160 mg, 10/320 mg nebivolol/valsartan) were compared with five Food and Drug Administration–approved non–β‐blocker/renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system inhibitor SPCs (aliskiren/hydrochlorothiazide, aliskiren/amlodipine, valsartan/amlodipine, aliskiren/valsartan, and telmisartan/amlodipine). Additivity is the ratio of placebo‐adjusted SPC blood pressure (BP) reduction to the placebo‐adjusted monotherapy component BP reduction sums. A weighted average of comparator scores was calculated and compared vs nebivolol/valsartan. Additivity ratio scores for nebivolol/valsartan SPCs (diastolic BP range: 0.735–0.866; systolic BP range: 0.717–0.822) were similar to the comparator weighted average (diastolic BP: 0.837; systolic BP: 0.825). Among the nebivolol/valsartan SPCs, 5/80 mg had the greatest additivity (diastolic BP: 0.866; systolic BP: 0.822). BP reduction contributions with monotherapy were similar for nebivolol/valsartan 5/80 mg SPC. Additivity scores for nebivolol/valsartan and select non–β‐blocker/renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system inhibitor SPCs were comparable.
Framingham Stroke Risk Profile is related to cerebral small vessel disease progression and lower cognitive performance in patients with hypertension
Authors: Uiterwijk Renske , Staals Julie , Huijts Marjolein , de Leeuw Peter W. , Kroon Abraham A. , van Oostenbrugge Robert J. 
Published: January 2018

The Framingham Stroke Risk Profile (FSRP) was developed to predict clinical stroke. We investigated if FSRP is associated with more “silent” effects of cerebrovascular disease, namely progression of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD)‐related brain damage and cognitive performance in hypertensive patients. Ninety patients with essential hypertension underwent a brain MRI scan and FSRP assessment at baseline, and a second brain MRI scan and neuropsychological assessment at 9‐year follow‐up. We visually rated progression of cSVD‐related MRI markers. FSRP was associated with progressive periventricular white matter hyperintensities (P = .017) and new microbleeds (P = .031), but not after correction for the FSRP age component. FSRP was associated with lower overall cognitive performance (P < .001) and this remained significant after correction for the FSRP age component. A vascular risk score might be useful in predicting progression of cSVD‐related brain damage or future cognitive performance in hypertensive patients. Age seems to be the most important component in FSRP.
Creatine kinase and renal sodium excretion in African and European men on a high sodium diet
Authors: Brewster Lizzy M. , Oudman Inge , Nannan Panday Rani V. , Khoyska Inna , Haan Yentl C. , Karamat Fares A. , Clark Joseph F. , van Montfrans Gert A. 
Published: January 2018

Creatine kinase (CK) rapidly regenerates ATP for Na+/K+‐ATPase driven sodium retention throughout the kidney. Therefore, we assessed whether resting plasma CK is associated with sodium retention after a high sodium diet. Sixty healthy men (29 European and 31 African ancestry) with a mean age of 37.2 years (SE 1.2) were assigned to low sodium intake (< 50 mmol/d) during 7 days, followed by 3 days of high sodium intake (> 200 mmol/d). Sodium excretion (mmol/24‐h) after high sodium was 260.4 (28.3) in the high CK tertile versus 415.2 (26.3) mmol/24‐h in the low CK tertile (P < .001), with a decrease in urinary sodium excretion of 98.4 mmol/24‐h for each increase in log CK, adjusted for age and African ancestry. These preliminary results are in line with the energy buffering function of the CK system, but more direct assessments of kidney CK will be needed to further establish whether this enzyme enhances sodium sensitivity.
Interventions to improve retention in a surgical, clinical trial: A pragmatic, stakeholder‐driven approach
Authors: Leighton Paul A. , Brealey Stephen D. , Dias Joseph J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo explore stakeholder perspectives upon participant retention in clinical trials, and to generate strategies to support retention in a surgical, clinical trial.Study design and settingThe SWIFFT trial is a multicenter study comparing treatments for the fracture of the waist of the scaphoid bone in adults. Here we report upon a multistage, iterative consultative process with SWIFFT stakeholders, these include workshops with members of the public, with nurses involved in data collection, and with consultant clinicians. Structured discussions were digitally recorded and transcribed, data were handled and analyzed following a framework approach to qualitative data analysis.ResultsRemoving practical barriers were identified as important factors in supporting retention. Stakeholders also identified that (i) how well a study is understood and (ii) how much it is valued are important factors in an individual's willingness to maintain their involvement. A number of strategies resulted from this consultation, these include: in‐clinic data collection, co‐ordinated clinical and research appointments, a SWIFFT website, and newsletter.ConclusionA participatory approach to trial retention might engage all relevant stakeholders in the delivery of a clinical trial, it might also support the generation of specific and contextually relevant solutions to the challenge of participant retention.
The Brain Health Assessment for Detecting and Diagnosing Neurocognitive Disorders
Authors: Possin Katherine L. , Moskowitz Tacie , Erlhoff Sabrina J. , Rogers Kirsten M. , Johnson Erica T. , Steele Natasha Z. R. , Higgins Joseph J. , Stiver Jordan , Alioto Andrea G. , Farias Sarah T. , Miller Bruce L. , Rankin Katherine P. 
Published: January 2018

Background/ObjectivesBrief cognitive screens lack the sensitivity to detect mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or support differential diagnoses. The objective of this study was to validate the 10‐minute, tablet‐based University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Brain Health Assessment (BHA) to overcome these limitations.DesignCross‐sectional.SettingUCSF Memory and Aging Center.ParticipantsOlder adults (N = 347) (neurologically healthy controls (n = 185), and individuals diagnosed with MCI (n = 99), dementia (n = 42), and as normal with concerns (n = 21)).MeasurementsThe BHA includes subtests of memory, executive function and speed, visuospatial skills, and language and an optional informant survey. Participants completed the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and criterion‐standard neuropsychological tests. Standardized structural 3T brain magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 145 participants.ResultsAt a fixed 85% specificity rate, the BHA had 100% sensitivity to dementia and 84% to MCI; the MoCA had 75% sensitivity to dementia and 25% to MCI. The BHA had 83% sensitivity to MCI likely due to AD and 88% to MCI unlikely due to AD, and the MoCA had 58% sensitivity to MCI likely AD and 24% to MCI unlikely AD. The BHA subtests demonstrated moderate to high correlations with the criterion‐standard tests from their respective cognitive domains. Memory test performance correlated with medial temporal lobe volumes; executive and speed with frontal, parietal, and basal ganglia volumes; and visuospatial with right parietal volumes.ConclusionThe BHA had excellent combined sensitivity and specificity to detect dementia and MCI, including MCI due to diverse etiologies. The subtests provide efficient, valid measures of neurocognition that are critical in making a differential diagnosis.
Fiscal Multipliers at the Zero Lower Bound: The Role of Policy Inertia
Authors: HILLS TIMOTHY S. , NAKATA TAISUKE 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe presence of the lagged shadow policy rate in the interest rate feedback rule reduces the government spending multiplier nontrivially when the policy rate is constrained at the zero lower bound (ZLB). In the economy with policy inertia, increased inflation and output due to higher government spending during a recession speed up the return of the policy rate to the steady state after the recession ends, which in turn damps the expansionary effects of the government spending during the recession via expectations. In our baseline experiment intended to capture the effectiveness of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, the output multiplier at the ZLB is 1.9 when the weight on the lagged shadow rate is zero, and 0.5 when the weight is 0.85.
The Bullionist Controversy: Theory and New Evidence
Authors: HENDRICKSON JOSHUA R. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe Bullionist Controversy in the United Kingdom is one of the first debates about the determination of the price level and the exchange rate under a paper money standard. Despite the importance of the debate in the development of monetary theory, there remains little empirical evidence that uses modern, multivariate time series techniques. The evidence that does exist provides support for the Anti‐Bullionist position. The purpose of this paper is to review the debate and develop a dynamic general equilibrium model that is capable of capturing key features of the nineteenth‐century British financial system. The model is estimated using Bayesian procedures to test the competing hypotheses. The paper provides support for the Bullionist position.
Limitations of Vaginal Birth After Cesarean Success Prediction
Authors: Thornton Patrick 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe Society for Maternal‐Fetal Medicine endorses an algorithm for estimating the probability of successful vaginal birth for women undergoing trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC). The algorithm is available online in the form of an easy‐to‐use calculator. This calculator has significant limitations that are easily overlooked by women and providers alike. The calculator has much greater positive than negative predictive power, and it cannot predict unsuccessful TOLAC or uterine rupture. Furthermore, the calculator cannot predict rare catastrophes, such as unplanned hysterectomy, permanent injury, or death. Predictions are heavily influenced by race and ethnicity, which are social and not biological constructs. Relevant variables, such as provider attitudes and institutional differences, are not accounted for. Providers should be mindful and transparent about calculator limitations when counseling women, particularly Latina and African American women. It may be appropriate to use the calculator to inform but not restrict women's options.