bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SAP97 Binding Partner CRIPT Promotes Dendrite GrowthIn VitroandIn Vivo
Authors: Zhang Lei , Jablonski Angela Marie , Mojsilovic-Petrovic Jelena , Ding Hua , Seeholzer Steven , Newton Ian Paterson , Nathke Inke , Neve Rachael , Zhai JinBin , Shang Yuan , Zhang Mingjie , Kalb Robert Gordon 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe dendritic tree is a key determinant of neuronal information processing. In the motor system, the dendritic tree of spinal cord neurons undergoes dramatic remodeling in an activity-dependent manner during early postnatal life. This leads to the proper segmental spinal cord connectivity that subserves normal locomotor behavior. One molecular system driving the establishment of dendrite architecture of mammalian motor neurons relies on AMPA receptors (AMPA-Rs) assembled with the GluA1 subunit, and this occurs in an NMDA receptor (NMDA-R)-independent manner. The dendrite growth promoting activity of GluA1-containing AMPA-Rs depends on its intracellular binding partner, SAP97, and SAP97’s PDZ3 domain. We show here that cysteine-rich interactor of PDZ3 (CRIPT) is abona fideSAP97 PDZ3-domain binding partner, localizes to synapses with GluA1 and SAP97 along the dendritic tree, and is a determinant of the dendritic growth of mammalian spinal cord neurons. We further show that CRIPT has a well-conserved ortholog in the nematode,Caenorhabditis elegans, and animals lacking CRIPT display decreased dendrite branching of the well-studied PVD neuronin vivo. The lack of CRIPT leads to a selective defect in touch perception, and this is rescued by expression of wild-type (WT) human CRIPT (hCRIPT) in the nervous system. This work brings new light into the molecular machinery that drives dendritic growth during development and may prove relevant to the promotion of nervous system plasticity following insult.
A Rare Association between Left Lobe Secondary Biliary Cirrhosis and Budd-Chiari Syndrome Secondary to Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Non-Cirrhotic Right Liver Lobe
Authors: Fodor Andreea , Fit Ana-Maria , Farcau Oana , Rusu Ioana , Stefanescu Horia , Procopet Bogdan 
Published: November 2017

Liver cirrhosis is a diffuse chronic liver disease affecting the entire liver. The fibrosis accumulation and distribution in the liver are known to be heterogeneous. „Localized” or „focal” cirrhosis is only anecdotically reported. Acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is uncommon in western countries, especially in temperate climate areas and is very often missed or underdiagnosed. However, it may be responsible of up to 15% of acute-on-chronic liver failure cases. We present the case of a 35-year-old patient with a very uncommon association of Budd-Chiari syndrome secondary to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) developed on a non-cirrhotic right liver lobe and secondary biliary cirrhosis of the left liver lobe, that further complicated with acute HEV infection leading to acute-on-chronic liver failure and death.Abbreviations: Alb: Albumin; AFP: alpha feto-protein; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; BCS: Budd-Chiari syndrome; CK7: cytokeratin 7; CMV: cytomegalovirus; EBV: Epstein-Barr virus; GGT: gamma glutamyl transpeptidase; HBV: hepatitis B virus; HCV: hepatitis C virus; HEV: hepatitis E virus; HSV: hepes simplex virus; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; IVC: inferior vena cava; MELD: model for end-stage liver disease; (MD)CT: (multi-detector) computer tomography; PT: prothrombin time; TB: total bilirubin.
The Orientation of Gastric Biopsy Samples Improves the Interobserver Agreement of the OLGA Staging System
Authors: Cotruta Bogdan , Gheorghe Cristian , Iacob Razvan , Dumbrava Mona , Radu Cristina , Bancila Ion , Becheanu Gabriel 
Published: November 2017

Background & Aims: Evaluation of severity and extension of gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia is recommended to identify subjects with a high risk for gastric cancer. The inter-observer agreement for the assessment of gastric atrophy is reported to be low. The aim of the study was to evaluate the inter-observer agreement for the assessment of severity and extension of gastric atrophy using oriented and unoriented gastric biopsy samples. Furthermore, the quality of biopsy specimens in oriented and unoriented samples was analyzed.Methods: A total of 35 subjects with dyspeptic symptoms addressed for gastrointestinal endoscopy that agreed to enter the study were prospectively enrolled. The OLGA/OLGIM gastric biopsies protocol was used. From each subject two sets of biopsies were obtained (four from the antrum, two oriented and two unoriented, two from the gastric incisure, one oriented and one unoriented, four from the gastric body, two oriented and two unoriented). The orientation of the biopsy samples was completed using nitrocellulose filters (Endokit®, BioOptica, Milan, Italy). The samples were blindly examined by two experienced pathologists. Inter-observer agreement was evaluated using kappa statistic for inter-rater agreement. The quality of histopathology specimens taking into account the identification of lamina propria was analyzed in oriented vs. unoriented samples. The samples with detectable lamina propria mucosae were defined as good quality specimens. Categorical data was analyzed using chi-square test and a two-sided p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: A total of 350 biopsy samples were analyzed (175 oriented / 175 unoriented). The kappa index values for oriented/unoriented OLGA 0/I/II/III and IV stages have been 0.62/0.13, 0.70/0.20, 0.61/0.06, 0.62/0.46, and 0.77/0.50, respectively. For OLGIM 0/I/II/III stages the kappa index values for oriented/unoriented samples were 0.83/0.83, 0.88/0.89, 0.70/0.88 and 0.83/1, respectively. No case of OLGIM IV stage was found in the present case series. Good quality histopathology specimens were described in 95.43% of the oriented biopsy samples, and in 89.14% of the unoriented biopsy samples, respectively (p=0.0275).Conclusion: The orientation of gastric biopsies specimens improves the inter-observer agreement for the assessment of gastric atrophy.Key words: – – – .Abbreviations: H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; OLGA: operative link for gastritis assessment; OLGIM: operative link on intestinal metaplasia assessment.
Refractory Anaemia Secondary to Small Bowel Angioectasias - Comparison between Endotherapy Alone versus Combination with Somatostatin Analogues
Authors: Zammit Stefania Chetcuti , Sidhu Reena , Sanders David 
Published: November 2017

Background & Aims: Patients with small bowel angioectasias (SBAs) can be difficult to manage as they are generally elderly with multiple co-morbidities. Angioectasias are multiple and tend to recur. Argon plasma coagulation (APC), despite being a commonly used method to treat these patients has an associated persistent rate of re-bleeding necessitating additional treatment to manage these patients.Methods: All patients with refractory iron deficiency anaemia secondary to SBAs were retrospectively subdivided into two groups. Patients in group 1 were managed with double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) and APC alone and those in group 2 received Lanreotide in addition to DBE and APC.Results: A total of 49 patients were included in this study: group 1: 37 patients (75.5%), group 2: 12 patients (24.5%). All had significant comorbidities and the mean duration of anaemia was 114.3, SD 307.0 months. Significant improvements in haemoglobin (Hb) (11g/L vs 3.2g/L p=0.043), transfusion requirements per month (0.8 vs 4.7 p=0.052) and mean bleeding episodes (1.08 vs 2.6 p=0.032) were demonstrated in group 2 when compared to group 1. One patient developed symptomatic gallstone disease and one patient stopped Lanreotide due to a lack of response.Conclusions: This is the first study comparing endotherapy to a combination of endotherapy and pharmacotherapy. It shows a significantly better outcome in patients receiving a combination of endotherapy and Lanreotide. Lanreotide can be a safe additional treatment in patients not responding to APC alone.Abbreviations: APC: argon plasma coagulation; CE: capsule endoscopy; DBE double balloon enteroscopy; Hb: hemoglobin; OGIB: over gastrointestinal bleeding; SBAs: small bowel angioectasias.
A Challenging Diagnosis of Jejunal Adenocarcinoma in a Celiac Patient: Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Zullo Angelo , De Francesco Vincenzo , Manta Raffaele , Ridola Lorenzo , Lorenzetti Roberto 
Published: November 2017

Celiac disease (CD) is a common and chronic disorder requiring a long-life gluten-free diet. There is evidence that asymptomatic or subclinical presentation of CD has increased in the last decades, so that several cases are diagnosed during adulthood or even in the elderly. Celiac disease patients are at an increased risk of developing malignancies, particularly when the disease is diagnosed in the elderly. We describe a case of a challenging diagnosis of small bowel adenocarcinoma which developed in a patient with CD discovered only in the elderly. We also performed a systematic review of the literature. A tailored follow-up in a sub-group of CD patients at an increased risk of developing intestinal adenocarcinoma could be implemented.Abbreviations: CD: Celiac disease; GP: General Practitioner; FOBT: faecal occult blood test; EMA: anti-endomysial antibodies; tTG: anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies; Hgb: hemoglobin; VCE: videocapsule endoscopy.
Growth of soil algae and cyanobacteria on gold mine tailings material
Authors: Seiderer Tanya , Venter Arthurita , Van Wyk Fanus , Levanets Anatoliy , Jordaan Anine 
Published: November 2017

The goal of revegetation of gold mine tailings storage facilities is to reduce aeolian pollution, nutrient leaching and erosion caused by exposure to wind and water. The establishment of biological soil crusts may prove to be a more cost-effective way to reach the same goal and the aim of this study was therefore to determine if it is possible to establish algae and cyanobacteria on gold mine tailings. Different treatments of Chlamydomonas, Microcoleus and Nostoc were inoculated on gold mine tailings in controlled conditions and algal growth was measured on all of the treatments after 6 weeks. Nostoc treatments had the highest chlorophyll-a concentrations and produced a surface crust, while Chlamydomonas treatments penetrated the tailings material and provided the strongest crust. The results were promising but more research is necessary to determine the best organism, or combination of organisms, to colonise mine tailings and to eventually produce biological crusts.

Significance:

Determination of the best organisms to colonise mine tailings and to produce biological crusts for the revegetation of gold mine tailings storage facilities.
Student throughput variables and properties: Varying cohort sizes
Authors: Stoop Lucas C.A. 
Published: November 2017

A recent research paper described how student throughput variables and properties combine to explain the behaviour of stationary or simplified throughput systems. Such behaviour can be understood in terms of the locus of a point in the triangular admissible region of the H-S plane, where H represents headcounts and S successful credits, each depending on the system properties at that point. The efficiency of the student throughput process is given by the ratio S/H. Simplified throughput systems are characterised by stationary graduation and dropout patterns of students as well as by annual intakes of student cohorts of equal size. The effect of varying the size of the annual intakes of student cohorts is reported on here. The observations made lead to the establishment of a more generalised student throughput theory which includes the simplified theory as a special case. The generalised theory still retains the notion of a triangular admissible region in the H-S plane but with the size and shape of the triangle depending on the size of the student cohorts. The ratio S/H again emerges as the process efficiency measure for throughput systems in general with unchanged roles assigned to important system properties. This theory provides for a more fundamental understanding of student throughput systems encountered in real life.

Significance:

A generalised stationary student throughput theory through varying cohort sizes allows for a far better understanding of real student throughput systems.
La vivienda prefabricada en procesos de alojamiento de transición para un desplazamiento sin precedentes
Authors: Muñiz Núñez Patricia 
Published: November 2017

La provisión de alojamiento después de una emergencia es una de las prioridades de la ayuda humanitaria, tanto en cuestión de catástrofes naturales como de desplazamiento por conflictos bélicos. No solo durante los primeros días sino, incluso más, durante el proceso de reconstrucción,momento en el que es determinante que las familias puedan establecerse en un lugar seguro y volver a una relativa normalidad, puesto que la consecución de una solución duradera podría dilatarse años.No obstante, también es una de las acciones más difíciles y costosas de llevar a cabo, lo que ha provocado en algunos expertos posturas disconformes con la dotación de alojamientos, diferentes a las tiendas, durante dicho proceso. En especial, de aquellos producidos en serie en una fábrica.Con el análisis de experiencias contemporáneas ponemos de manifiesto en este artículo la importancia de la prefabricación en la facilitación rápida de vivienda de transición, de fácil montaje, económicamente viable y culturalmente aceptada; que suponga una calidad de vida digna de forma temporal. Además de la necesidad de la implicación de los profesionales en una mayor investigación en dicho campo, siempre de la mano de los organismos de ayuda humanitaria, de manera que la teoría y la práctica juntas produzcan un resultado tangible.
A clinical comparative retrospective cohort study in the surgical management of enteric perforation, by comparing primary closure and closure with free omental sheet graft
Authors: G. S. Anantha Raju 
Published: November 2017

Background: Typhoid ileal perforations have high morbidity and mortality rates irrespective of the type of surgeries performed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the morbidity, mortality and cost-effectiveness of a free omental sheet graft in perforated typhoid enteritis, in comparison with a primary ileal perforation closure.Methods: This study includes a total of 81 patients with enteric perforations in a span of 5 years from March 2009 to February 2014. The study was divided into two groups; group 1 included 40 cases in which primary enteric perforation closure was done and group 2 included 41 cases in which a free omental sheet graft was used in typhoid enteritis with perforation. The outcomes were measured in relation to various postoperative complications and mortality.Results: 90% of the patients in Group 1 had surgical site infection and 65% of the patients in Group 2 had surgical site infection. Intra-abdominal abscess was seen in 5% of the patients in Group 1, whereas no such morbidity was found in Group 2. 25% of the Group 1 patients had fecal fistula compared to none in Group 2. The mortality rate in Group 1 was 10% and no mortalities were seen in Group 2.Conclusions: Primary closure with free omental sheet graft has shown better results, compared to primary closure alone, in terms of morbidity, mortality and length of hospital stay, irrespective of the site of perforation.
Liver abscess drainage by needle aspiration versus pigtail catheter: a prospective study
Authors: Khan Arshad , Tekam Vijay Kumar 
Published: November 2017

Background: Liver abscess is a disease of frequent occurrence which figures prominently in the differential diagnosis of upper abdominal and right lower respiratory tract diseases. These includes a recent increase in incidence reflecting more accurate diagnostic techniques especially after 1965 with the advent of radioisotopes scan and later on ultrasonography and CT scan. The reduction in mortality from 90% at the turn of century to the estimated 10-20% today cannot be ascribed to surgery alone.Methods: The study was conducted on 65 patients of liver abscess. Two compared modalities of percutaneous treatment of liver abscess were (1) needle aspiration and (2) pigtail catheter aspiration. All interventions were performed under ultrasonographic guidance. Only those patients having liver abscess/abscesses greater than 5 cm in at least one dimension, liquified & drainable were included in this study.Results: Amoebic liver abscess (63.33%) were more common than pyogenic liver abscess (26.67%). Clinical recovery was significantly earlier in catheter group (average 5 days) than in needle aspiration group (average 6.29 days) (p value 0.001). Average duration of i.v. antibiotic is significantly shorter in catheter group (6.4 days) than in needle aspiration group (9.5 days) (p value 0.002).Conclusions: Thus, our study concluded that in view of greater volume of pus drained in first sitting, early clinical recovery, shorter duration of hospital stay and slightly more success rate continuous catheter drainage is effective percutaneous treatment modality than intermittent needle aspiration.
Total Ankle Arthroplasty for Rheumatoid Arthritis in Japanese Patients
Authors: Hirao Makoto , Hashimoto Jun , Tsuboi Hideki , Ebina Kosuke , Nampei Akihide , Noguchi Takaaki , Tsuji Shigeyoshi , Nishimoto Norihiro , Yoshikawa Hideki 
Published: November 2017

Background:
Outcomes after total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) combined with additive techniques (augmentation of bone strength, control of soft-tissue balance, adjustment of the loading axis) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis were evaluated after intermediate to long-term follow-up. The influences of biologic treatment on the outcomes after TAA were also evaluated.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective observational study involving 50 ankles (44 patients) that underwent TAA for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The mean duration of follow-up was 7.1 years. Clinical outcomes were evaluated with use of the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Foot (JSSF) scale score and a postoperative self-administered foot-evaluation questionnaire (SAFE-Q). Radiographic findings were evaluated as well. These parameters also were compared between patients managed with and without biologic treatment.

Results:
This procedure significantly improved the clinical scores of the JSSF rheumatoid arthritis foot and ankle scale (p < 0.0001). Forty-eight of the 50 ankles had no revision TAA surgery. Subsidence of the talar component was seen in 8 ankles (6 in the biologic treatment group and 2 in the non-biologic treatment group); 2 of these ankles (both in the biologic treatment group) underwent revision TAA. The social functioning score of the SAFE-Q scale at the time of the latest follow-up was significantly higher in the biologic treatment group (p = 0.0079). The dosage of prednisolone (p = 0.0003), rate of usage of prednisolone (p = 0.0001), and disease-activity score (p < 0.01) at the time of the latest follow-up were all significantly lower in the biologic treatment group.

Conclusions:
TAA is recommended for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis if disease control, augmentation of bone strength, control of soft-tissue balance, and adjustment of the loading axis are taken into account. The prevention of talar component subsidence remains a challenge in patients with the combination of subtalar fusion, rheumatoid arthritis, and higher social activity levels.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Posteromedial Corner Knee Injuries: Diagnosis, Management, and Outcomes
Authors: Cinque Mark E. , Chahla Jorge , Kruckeberg Bradley M. , DePhillipo Nicholas N. , Moatshe Gilbert , LaPrade Robert F. 
Published: November 2017

* The posteromedial corner of the knee comprises the superficial medial collateral ligament (MCL), deep MCL, posterior oblique ligament, oblique popliteal ligament, and posterior horn of the medial meniscus. The main medial knee structure is the superficial MCL.* Injuries to the medial knee are the most common knee ligament injuries. A comprehensive history and physical examination are key to the diagnosis of a posteromedial corner injury. Patients often present with swelling and pain over the medial joint line after an injury involving a valgus and external rotation force. The valgus stress and anteromedial drawer tests can aid the clinician in deciphering whether an isolated medial structure was injured or if a complete posteromedial corner injury is likely.* Valgus stress radiographs can be utilized to quantify the amount of medial joint gapping. A side-to-side difference in gapping of 3.2 mm is consistent with an isolated superficial MCL tear, and a side-to-side difference of ≥9.8 mm is consistent with a complete posteromedial corner injury. Magnetic resonance imaging is also a useful tool in the detection of medial-sided injuries and has been reported to have an 87% accuracy.* Although a large number of medial knee injuries can be treated nonoperatively, complete posteromedial corner injuries may require surgical treatment to restore joint stability and biomechanics. There is heterogeneity between techniques with regard to the type of graft, the tibial and femoral tunnel position, and the tensioning protocol. Anatomic techniques have been reported to better restore knee kinematics and function.
Cross the Best with the Best, and Select the Best: HELP in Breeding Selfing Crops
Authors: van Ginkel Maarten , Ortiz Rodomiro 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTHybrid‐enabled line profiling (HELP) is a new integrated breeding strategy for self‐fertilizing crops that combines existing and recently identified elements, resulting in a strategy that synergistically exceeds existing breeding concepts. Heterosis in selfing crops is often driven by additive and additive × additive gene action, the molecular basis of which is increasingly being revealed. Unlike nonadditive heterosis, additive forms can be relatively easily fixed in homozygous lines, meaning that their seed can simply be resown to express the same “heterosis.” Crossing diverse, complementary “selfing” parents to create the desired trait or allele line profile requires strict male sterility of the female; this can now be achieved relatively easily through present and emerging chemical, environmental, or genetic techniques. Fairly small amounts of hybrid seed are needed, with no need to scale up seed production, as it is not the hybrid that will be commercialized. After multilocation testing, homozygous lines from only the most superior hybrids, driven mainly by additive effects and additive × additive gene action, are rapidly derived using techniques such as doubled haploids. Multilocation testing and molecular confirmation of target line profiles then identify superior lines for release to farmers. The HELP strategy integrates modern high‐throughput versions of existing and new concepts and methodologies into a breeding system strategy that focuses on the most superior crosses, <10% of all crosses. This focus results in significant increases in efficiency and can reverse the edible yield plateauing seen or feared in some of our major selfing food crops.