bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Associations between Knee Joint Effusion Synovitis and Knee Pain in Older Adults
Authors: Wang Xia , Jin Xingzhong , Han Weiyu , Cao Yuelong , Halliday Andrew , Blizzard Leigh , Pan Faming , Antony Benny , Cicuttini Flavia , Jones Graeme , Ding Changhai 
Published: November 2015

Objective.To describe the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between knee regional effusion synovitis and knee pain in older adults.Methods.Data from a population-based random sample (n = 880, mean age 62 yrs, 50% women) were used. Baseline knee joint effusion synovitis was graded (0–3) using T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the suprapatellar pouch, central portion, posterior femoral recess, and subpopliteal recess. Effusion synovitis of the whole joint was defined as a score of ≥ 2 in any subregion. Other knee structural (including cartilage, bone marrow, and menisci) lesions were assessed by MRI at baseline. Knee pain was assessed by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index questionnaire at baseline and 2.6 years later. Multivariable analyses were performed after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and other structural lesions.Results.The prevalence of effusion synovitis was 67%. Suprapatellar pouch effusion synovitis was significantly and independently associated with increased total and nonweight-bearing knee pain in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses (for an increase in total knee pain of ≥ 5, RR 1.26 per grade, 95% CI 1.04–1.52), and increased weight-bearing knee pain in longitudinal analysis only. Effusion synovitis in posterior femoral recess and central portion were independently associated with increases in nonweight-bearing pain (RR 1.63 per grade, 95% CI 1.32–2.01 and RR 1.29 per grade, 95% CI 1.01–1.65, respectively) in longitudinal analyses only.Conclusion.Knee joint effusion synovitis has independent associations with knee pain in older adults. Suprapatellar pouch effusion synovitis is associated with nonweight-bearing and weight-bearing knee pain, while posterior femoral recess and central portion effusion synovitis are only associated with nonweight-bearing pain.
Optimal Monitoring For Coronary Heart Disease Risk in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tselios Konstantinos , Sheane Barry J. , Gladman Dafna D. , Urowitz Murray B. 
Published: November 2015

Objective.Premature coronary heart disease (CHD) significantly affects morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Several studies have detected factors influencing the atherosclerotic process, as well as methods to quantify the atherosclerotic burden in subclinical stages. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the minimum investigations to optimally monitor CHD risk in SLE.Methods.English-restricted literature review was performed using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines through Ovid Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central databases, from inception until May 2014 (Medline until October 2014). Specific search terms included, among others, “SLE,” “atherosclerosis,” “CHD,” “myocardial ischemia,” “acute coronary syndrome,” “myocardial infarction,” and “angina pectoris.” We identified 101 eligible articles, 23 with cardiovascular events (CVE) as endpoints and 78 with measures of subclinical atherosclerosis. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used for quality assessment.Results.Certain traditional and disease-specific factors were identified as independent predictors for CHD. Among the former were age (particularly postmenopausal state), male sex, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, and smoking. Disease activity and duration, cumulative damage, antiphospholipid antibodies, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and renal disease were the most consistent disease-related factors. Corticosteroids were linked to increased CHD risk whereas antimalarials were protective. Concerning imaging techniques, carotid ultrasonography (intima-media thickness and plaque) was shown to independently predict CVE.Conclusion.Premature CHD in SLE is multifactorial; modifiable variables should be monitored at frequent intervals to ensure prompt management. Disease-specific factors also affect the atherogenic process and should be evaluated regularly. Carotid ultrasonography may hold promise in predicting CVE in selected high-risk patients.
Outcome Measures in Polymyalgia Rheumatica. A Systematic Review
Authors: Duarte Cátia , Ferreira Ricardo Jorge de Oliveira , Mackie Sarah Louise , Kirwan John Richard , Pereira da Silva José António ,   The OMERACT Polymyalgia Rheumatica Special Interest Group
Published: November 2015

Objective.To identify the instruments used to assess polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) in published studies.Methods.A systematic literature review of clinical trials and longitudinal observational studies related to PMR, published from 1970 to 2014, was carried out. All outcome and assessment instruments were extracted and categorized according to core areas and domains, as defined by the OMERACT (Outcome Measures in Rheumatology) Filter 2.0.Results.Thirty-five articles (3221 patients) were included: 12 randomized controlled trials (RCT); 3 nonrandomized trials; and 20 observational studies. More than 20 domains were identified, measured by 29 different instruments. The most frequently used measures were pain, morning stiffness, patient global assessment and physician global assessment, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein. The definition of outcomes varied considerably between studies.Conclusion.The outcome measures and instruments used in PMR are numerous and diversely defined. The establishment of a core set of validated and standardized outcome measurements is needed.
Knee Pain Patterns and Associations with Pain and Function in Persons with or at Risk for Symptomatic Radiographic Osteoarthritis: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Riddle Daniel L. , Makowski Mateusz 
Published: November 2015

Objective.Knee pain location is routinely assessed in clinical practice. We determined the patterns of patient-reported pain locations for persons with knee osteoarthritis (OA). We also examined associations between knee pain patterns and severity of self-reported pain with activity and self-reported functional status.Methods.The Osteoarthritis Initiative data were used to examine reports of pain location (localized, regional, or global) and type and extent of knee OA. Multivariable ANCOVA models were used to determine associations between the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Survey (KOOS) Pain and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) Function scales and pain location after adjusting for potential confounding. We also used radar graphs to illustrate pain patterns for various locations and severity of knee OA.Results.Radar graphs of 2696 knees indicated that pain pattern and location and extent of knee OA demonstrate substantial overlap. An interaction between race and pain location was found for WOMAC Function, but not for KOOS Pain scores. Global knee pain was associated (p < 0.001) with substantially worse function (by 6.5 points in African Americans) compared with pain that was localized. Knee pain reported as global was independently associated (p < 0.001) with clinically important lower (worse by 3.9 points) KOOS Pain scores compared with pain that was localized.Conclusion.Pain patterns are not useful for inferring potential location or severity of knee OA in individual patients, but knee pain patterns that are global are independently associated with worse pain and function compared with localized pain, and associations differ for function based on race.
Barriers to Care in Gout: From Prescriber to Patient
Authors: Vaccher Stefanie , Kannangara Diluk R.W. , Baysari Melissa T. , Reath Jennifer , Zwar Nicholas , Williams Kenneth M. , Day Richard O. 
Published: November 2015

Objective.To explore the understanding of gout and its management by patients and general practitioners (GP), and to identify barriers to optimal gout care.Methods.Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 GP and 22 patients in Sydney, Australia. Discussions were focused on medication adherence, experiences with gout, and education and perceptions around interventions for gout. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed for themes using an analytical framework.Results.Adherence to urate-lowering medications was identified as problematic by GP, but less so by patients with gout. However, patients had little appreciation of the risk of acute attacks related to variable adherence. Patients felt stigmatized that their gout diagnosis was predominantly related to perceptions that alcohol and dietary excess were causal. Patients felt they did not have enough education about gout and how to manage it. A manifestation of this was that uric acid concentrations were infrequently measured. GP were concerned that they did not know enough about managing gout and most were not familiar with current guidelines for management. For example and importantly, the strategies for reducing the risk of acute attacks when commencing urate-lowering therapy (ULT) were not well appreciated by GP or patients.Conclusion.Patients and GP wished to know more about gout and its management. Greater success in establishing and maintaining ULT will require further and better education to substantially benefit patients. Also, given the prevalence, and personal and societal significance of gout, innovative approaches to transforming the management of this eminently treatable disease are needed.
Quand les « Diables » deviennent de bien jeunes maires
Authors: Dos Santos Irène 
Published: November 2015

Le présent article vise à travers l’étude de la Fête des garçons, un rite d’initiation et de régénération entrepris au cœur de l’hiver, à interroger la place assignée aux jeunes et celle qu’ils revendiquent dans une société portugaise en mutation. La Fête des garçons constitue une arène où se donnent à voir les tensions autour de la redéfinition de la « tradition », au sens des normes relatives aux rapports de genre et à un projet de société, dont les jeunes sont le vecteur. Les antagonismes qui affleurent lors des différentes séquences rituelles sont révélateurs de la tension entre la volonté des jeunes d’imposer leur autorité, de montrer qu’ils sont capables d’être responsables et de perpétuer la tradition, et la dépréciation de leur autorité rituelle par les aînés et partant de la prétention des jeunes à exister. L’absence des filles, fiancées potentielles, marque le refus de la domination masculine et indique la fin possible de la raison d’être du rituel.
Hot water epilepsy: A form of reflex epilepsy - from infancy to adolescence
Authors: Pejaver Rajath , Srinivasa V. , Basavanthappa S. P. , Murthy C. L. Srinivasa 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTHot water epilepsy (HWE) is a type of reflex epilepsy which occurs when hot water is poured over the head. Most cases have been reported from Southern India. Genetic, cultural, and geographical factors can be responsible for HWE. HWE can be treated by clobazam 1–2 h prior to take a bath rather than continuous anti-epileptic therapy. Medication prior to bathing may be useful in treating older children, eliminating the need to be accompanied by an adult during bathing. It can also be treated by reducing the temperature of the water used for bathing. Here, we report three cases of HWE in varying age groups.
Experienced Harm from Other People's Drinking: A Comparison of Northern European Countries
Authors: Moan Inger Synnøve , Storvoll Elisabet E. , Sundin Erica , Lund Ingunn Olea , Bloomfield Kim , Hope Ann , Ramstedt Mats , Huhtanen Petri , Kristjánsson Sveinbjörn 
Published: November 2015

Objective This study addresses how experienced harm from other people's drinking varies between six Northern European countries by comparing 1) the prevalence of experienced harm and 2) the correlates of harm. Method The data comprise 18ȓ69-year olds who participated in general population surveys in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and Scotland during the period 2008–2013. Comparative data were available on five types of harm: physical abuse, damage of clothes/belongings, verbal abuse, being afraid, and being kept awake at night. Results This study shows that harms from other's drinking are commonly experienced in all six countries. Being kept awake at night is the most common harm, while being physically harmed is the least common. The proportions that reported at least one of the five problems were highest in Finland and Iceland and lowest in Norway, but also relatively low in Sweden. Across countries, the level of harm was highest among young, single, urban residents, and for some countries among women and those who frequently drank to intoxication themselves. Conclusions The study revealed large differences in the prevalence of harm in countries with fairly similar drinking cultures. However, the correlates of such experiences were similar across countries. Possible explanations of the findings are discussed, including differences in study design.
The scientific method applied to the reconstructive hypothesis
Authors: Vico Lola , Vassallo Valentina 
Published: November 2015

<p>The literary review of Roman architecture virtual reconstructions elaborated with computer graphics techniques revealed that they often lack scientific rigour, the access to the reconstruction criteria most of the time is not possible and lack the transparency in the process of work and communication. This paper proposes a scientific method based on the architectural and constructive analysis applied to virtual reconstruction field, with an open and transparent process in the validation of the working hypothesis.</p>
El dibujo científico. Introducción al dibujo como lenguaje en el trabajo de campo
Authors: Mayor Iborra José , Flores Gutiérrez Mariano 
Published: November 2015

<p>The scientific drawing understood as a universal language is a tool of undoubted documentary value as well as daily use in our field work of any professional who is with the need to register with graphics, a work process in which, need to process the drawing as coach and illustrator information. The drawings scientists have always had the vocation of fidelity and accuracy, in order to collect objective truths. The scientific drawing has been compressed and discriminating, as the reading order of the drawing through the line by providing a clear exposition that the photograph is not enough to achieve.</p>
Serious Games Network
Authors: Vaz de Carvalho Carlos , Latorre Andrés Pedro M. , Serón Arbeloa Francisco José 
Published: November 2015

<p>“Serious games” can be defined as (digital) games used for purposes other than mere entertainment. Serious Games can be applied to a broad spectrum of areas, e.g. educational, healthcare, training in hazardous environments or situations. Game-based Learning, one aspect of Serious Games, are also more and more explored for all levels of education in different subjects, such as Ancient History. The SEGAN (SErious GAmes Network) will create a Community of Practice on the Serious Games subject. The main objective is to create a stable (but expanding) consortium to exchange ideas and experiences related to Serious Games. The SEGAN Network invites the people of the community of Archaeology, Cultural Heritage and Ancient History interested in Serious Games to join the net and to participate in their activities.</p>
The London Charter and the Seville Principles as sources of requirements for e-archaeology systems development purposes
Authors: Carrillo Gea Juan M. , Toval Ambrosio , Fernández Alemán José L. , Nicolás Joaquín , Flores Mariano 
Published: November 2015

<p>Requirements engineering (RE) is a discipline of critical importance in software development. This paper provides a process and a set of software artefacts to help in the production of e-archaeology systems with emphasis on requirements reuse and standards. In particular, two important guidelines in the field of earchaeology, the London Charter and the Principles of Seville, have been shown as two sources of requirements to be considered as a starting point for developing this type of systems.</p>
Relationship of team learning and organizational culture with knowledge management in second grade high school teachers in Saveh city
Authors: Farshad Mahboobeh , Azizi Dr. Gholamreza 
Published: November 2015

<p>The purpose of the present research was to study the relationship of team learning and organizational culture with knowledge management in teachers of the second course of high schools in Saveh city in 2014. The method used in this research was practical in terms of objectives and correlational-descriptive in terms of data collection method. The statistical population consisted of 160 individuals including all the second grade high school teachers in Saveh city. In this regard, 113 individuals (65 males and 4 females) were considered as a sample size using the Cochran formula and the Stratified random sampling method. In order to collect the data, three standard questionnaires of team learning of Breso et al. (2008), knowledge management of Fong &amp; Choi (2009), and organizational culture of Denison (2000) were employed. In order to assess the reliability of the questionnaires, the Cronbach’s alpha method was used and the related coefficients were 0.84, 0.82, and 0.94 respectively for each of the questionnaires. Moreover, in order to assess the validity, the content validity was used, and the questionnaires were confirmed by the relevant experts. The analysis of the obtained data was performed through SPSS software in the two sections of descriptive and inferential (Pearson correlation and multivariable regression). The research findings indicated that there is a significant relationship between team learning and organizational culture, and knowledge management. The findings also demonstrated that the variables of team learning and organizational culture can predict the variable of knowledge management.</p>
The importance of child car seat safety
Authors: A. Khoja Tawfeeq 
Published: November 2015

Provoking the loss of a productive workforce and the waste of economic resources,
through death or disability, the social and economic ramifications of road accidents attract the attention of researchers and stakeholders alike. Accidents have detrimental social, health and psychological consequences for families and cause them financial burdens.
One of the means of protection against road accidents lies in taking preventive safety
measures and educating children about them in order to reduce the risk of exposing children to
accidents in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Excluding non-communicable diseases, road accidents
are the leading cause of death in the Kingdom. The safety belt in the vehicle is the first means of safety while driving. The 1998 Saudi Law on the use of safety belts defines the device as that part
which holds the user's body firmly on the seat. On account of the exponential increase in the rate
of road accidents and casualties, the need for the use of seatbelts cannot be overemphasized.
This does not exclusively concern adults but also children who should be provided with the
necessary means of protection and safety.
We all learn how to protect our children at home, prevent them from playing with fire and
sharp and harmful objects; we cover electric plugs and keep electric appliances away from them,
and moderate the temperature of the heater in order to protect our children from being burned.
We also learn the basics of first aid to rescue our children in case they are exposed to danger.
However, have we ever thought of protecting our children when they are outdoors? Have we ever
taught them how to cross the road and how important it is to use the safety belt in the car? Do
we actually use it ourselves? Do we use the safety child seat for our children from birth? Have we
ever shown them the importance of the car seat? The answer to all these questions is mostly in
the negative. In our hectic daily life, and in our desire to reach places quickly, we forget or ignore
the importance of safety in the car, and also forget or pretend to have forgotten the basic Islamic
principle which urges Muslims to be cautious and, after entrusting our fate to Allah, to make use
of all means. Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) said: “Trust in Allah but tether your camel.” The Holy
Koran forbids exposing oneself to harm. Allah, the Almighty, says: “and make not your own hands
contribute to (your) destruction.”
This paper examines the importance of the child car seat and its role in safeguarding
children. Some of the relevant issues this paper intends to raise include: What are the best types
of children's car seats and seatbelts? How should safety seats be used? Can a child use a seatbelt
and dispense with the safety seat? What happens when the child safety seat is not available in
the vehicle? In addition to other relevant issues, this paper discusses the psychological impact of
traffic accidents and the importance of reckoning with the Islamic principle of making use of all.
Towards safe driving: The relation between driving vehicles and drug addiction behaviour
Authors: Al-Otaibi Abdullah 
Published: November 2015

Traffic safety is one of the most important means to protect human life as well as
personal and public property from harm and to contribute to social and economic growth and development. Several factors have been linked to traffic safety, but the most prominent ones are: the driver, the vehicle and the road. This paper, however, focusses only on the driver as an essential factor that impacts others, and analyzes the driver’s behavior and how drug use and psychoactive substances relate to road accidents and traffic safety. On the one hand, official statistics in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia reveal that up to 2014, traffic accidents had increased by %400 in the previous ten years, and in the past 23 years more than half a million people were injured and sixty thousand died. This represents an annual average of 4200 deaths, 1200 permanent disabilities and 8000 temporary disabilities. On the other hand, official statistics in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia point out to a-ten-fold increase in the previous years in the use of drugs and psychoactive substances.
In 1980, drug cases were in the range of three thousand, but today there are more than 40,000 annually, %70 of which concern drug consumption. Since traffic safety requires that drivers observe a high degree of vigilance and caution in order to cope with road conditions, scientific studies indicate that drivers under the effect of narcotics and psychoactive substances lose the ability to deal with unexpected emergencies. They lose the ability to concentrate and they suffer from disequilibrium in perceiving road turns and intersections and slow eye response to light, among other factors. Owing to the fact that traffic safety is vital in safeguarding society, human life and economic resources, it is essential to study the relationship between traffic accidents and the driver's behavior under the effect of narcotics and psychoactive substances. This relationship should be examined in a profound and scientific way to enable us to take appropriate decisions and offer practical solutions and to ensure road safety. This paper addresses three issues: the size and type of traffic accidents in relation to the driver’s behavior, the size and type of traffic accidents related to the behavior of the driver under the influence of narcotics and psychoactive substances, and the practical solutions for these problems with a view to achieving the right to traffic safety for all.