bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress-Dosed Glucocorticoids and Mineralocorticoids Before Intensive Endurance Exercise in Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Authors: Bonnecaze Alex K. , Reynolds Patrick , Burns Cynthia A. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract:
Patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) require increased doses of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids during stressors, such as surgery, trauma, and sepsis. Although current guidelines exist for dose adjustments in these situations, there is no accepted dosing regimen for patients with PAI participating in intensive endurance exercise. Given the extensive physiologic stress of events, such as marathons, triathlons, and similar events, it is likely that a “stress-dose” of adrenal replacement therapy will not only prevent adrenal crisis, but also improve performance. A 50-year-old male endurance athlete with known PAI reported severe fatigue, nausea, and malaise after competing in prior marathons and intensive endurance exercise. After supplementing with glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids before competition, he experienced decreased symptoms and improved performance. To better care for these patients, further studies should be conducted to provide safe and effective glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid dose adjustments before intensive endurance exercise.
False-Positive Heat-Damaged RBC Scan for Splenosis
Authors: Donald Joseph S. , Chen Delphine L. , Peterson Jessica , Perry Mark 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is a well-known compensatory response to severe anemia, most commonly due to a chronic hemolytic anemia such as thalassemia or sickle cell disease. We present a case of a 72-year-old man with autoimmune hemolytic anemia refractory to steroids and splenectomy. An incidental retroperitoneal mass on CT was suggestive of ectopic splenic tissue. However, an alternative diagnosis of EMH was considered, given an atypical appearance on heat-damaged 99mTc-RBC scan, and was confirmed with biopsy. The case report illustrates the imaging characteristics of EMH, widely known to have increased activity on 99mTc-sulfur colloid scans.
18F-FDG PET/CT and MRI in Necrotizing Autoimmune Myopathy
Authors: Pelissou Coralie , Lerolle Nathalie , Labeyrie Céline , Durand Emmanuel , Besson Florent L. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Necrotizing autoimmune myopathy (NAM) is a relatively newly recognized subgroup of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. The common histopathologic features are myocyte necrosis without significant inflammation. Necrotizing autoimmune myopathy can be associated with connective tissue disorders but can also be triggered by viral infections such as human immunodeficiency virus or malignancy, be statin-induced NAM, or be idiopathic. Here, the authors present the case of a 58-year-old man who was referred to our PET unit for a suspected paraneoplastic syndrome in a context of NAM. Complementary contrast-enhanced CT and 3-dimensional T1-weighted MRI were carried out subsequently in order to resolve the PET/CT abnormalities.
Cleaning clinical genomic data: Simple identification and removal of recurrently miscalled variants in single genomes
Authors: Field Matthew A. , Burgio Gaetan , Shekaili Jalila Al , Foote Simon J. , Cook Matthew C. , Andrews T. Daniel 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIdentification of sequence variation from short-read sequence data is subject to common-yet-intermittent miscalling that occurs in a sequence intrinsic manner. We identify that recurrent false positive single nucleotide variants are strongly present in databases of human sequence variation and demonstrate how each individual sample generates a unique set of recurrent false positive variants. These recurrent miscalls result from known difficulties aligning short-read sequence data between redundant genomic regions. We could replicate, catalogue and remove three quarters of these recurrent miscalls for any given exome with as little as ten rounds of read resampling, realignment and recalling. The removal of such misleading variants reduces the search space for identification of disease causing variants.List of AbbreviationsSNVsingle nucleotide variantRFPrecurrent false positiveENUN-ethyl-N-nitrosourea
Impact of chromosome fusions on 3D genome organization and gene expression in budding yeast
Authors: Stefano Marco Di , Giovanni Francesca Di , Baù Davide , Carey Lucas B. , Marti-Renom Marc A. , Mendoza Manuel 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTThe three-dimensional organization of chromosomes can influence transcription. However, the frequency and magnitude of these effects remains debated. To determine how changes in chromosome positioning affect transcription across thousands of genes with minimal perturbation, we characterized nuclear organization and global gene expression in budding yeast containing chromosome fusions. We used computational modelling and single cell imaging to determine chromosome position and integrated these data with genome-wide transcriptional profiles from RNA sequencing. We find that chromosome fusions dramatically alter 3D nuclear organization without leading to strong genome-wide changes in transcription. However, we observe a mild but significant and reproducible increase in expression of genes near fusion sites. Modeling suggests that this is due to both disruption of telomere-associated silencing and the displacement of genes relative to the nuclear periphery. A 10% decrease in the predicted time a gene spends near the nuclear periphery is associated with a 10% increase in expression. These data suggest that basal transcriptional activity is sensitive to radial changes on gene position, and provide insight into the functional relevance of budding yeast chromosome-level three-dimensional organization in gene expression.
A new mixed repetitive group sampling plan based on the process capability index for product acceptance
Authors: Saminathan Balamurali , Mahalingam Usha 
Published: December 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose a new mixed repetitive group sampling (RGS) plan based on the process capability index,Cpk, where the quality characteristics of interest follow the normal distribution with unknown mean and unknown variance. Tables are constructed to determine the optimal parameters for practical applications for both symmetric and asymmetric fraction non-conforming cases. The advantages of this proposed mixed sampling plan are also discussed. The proposed sampling plan is also compared with other existing sampling plans.Design/methodology/approachIn order to determine the optimal parameters of the proposed mixed RGS plan based onCpk, the authors constructed tables for various combinations of acceptable and limiting quality levels (LQLs). For constructing tables, the authors followed the approach of two points on the operating characteristic (OC) curve. The optimal problem is formulated as a non-linear programming where the objective function to be minimized is the average sample number (ASN) and the constraints are related to lot acceptance probabilities at acceptable quality level and LQL under the OC curve.FindingsThe proposed mixed RGS plan will be a new addition to the literature of acceptance sampling. It is shown that the proposed mixed plan involves minimum ASN with desired protection to both producers and consumers compared to other existing sampling plans. The practical application of the proposed mixed sampling plan is also explained with an illustrative real-time example.Originality/valueIn this paper, the authors propose a new mixed RGS plan based on the process capability indexCpk, where the quality characteristic of interest follows the normal distribution with unknown mean and unknown variance. Tables are constructed to determine the optimal parameters for practical applications. The proposed mixed sampling plan can be used in all production industries. This kind of mixed RGS plan is not available in the literature.
Comparing reputation vs h-index rankings of doctoral programs
Authors: Smith Thomas E. , Carter Tyler Edison , Osteen Philip J. , Panisch Lisa S. 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
This study builds on previous investigations on the scholarship of social work faculty using h-index scores. The purpose of this paper is to compare two methods of determining the excellence of social work doctoral programs.

Design/methodology/approach
This study compared rankings in 75 social work doctoral programs using h-index vs the US News and World Report (USNWR) list. The accuracy of predicting scholarly productivity from USNWR rankings was determined by joint membership in the same quantile block. Information on USNWR rankings, h-index, years of experience, academic rank, and faculty gender were collected. Regression analysis was used in creating a predictive model.

Findings
Only 39 percent of USNWR rankings accurately predicted which programs had their reputation and scholarly productivity in the same rating block. Conversely, 41 percent of programs had reputations in a higher block than their scholarly productivity would suggest. The regression model showed that while h-index was a strong predictor of USNWR rank (b=0.07, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.08), additional variance was explained by the unique contributions of faculty size (b=0.01, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.02), college age (b=0.002, 95% CI: <0.001, 0.003), and location in the southeast (b=−0.22, 95% CI: −0.39, −0.06).

Originality/value
For many programs, reputation and scholarly productivity coincide. Other programs have markedly different results between the two ranking systems. Although mean program h-indices are the best predictor of USNWR rankings, caution should be used in making statements about inclusion in the “top 10” or “top 20” programs.
Organic carbon availability limiting microbial denitrification in the deep vadose zone
Authors: Chen Shuaimin , Wang Fenghua , Zhang Yuming , Qin Shuping , Wei Shoucai , Wang Shiqin , Hu Chunsheng , Liu Binbin 
Published: December 2017

SummaryMicrobes in the deep vadose zone play an essential role in the mitigation of nitrate leaching; however, limited information is available on the mechanisms of microbial denitrification due to sampling difficulties. We experimentally studied the factors that affect denitrification in soils collected down to 10.5 meters deep along the soil profile. After an anoxic pre‐incubation, denitrification rates moderately increased and the N2O/(N2O + N2) ratios declined while the microbial abundance and diversity did not change significantly in most of the layers. Denitrification rate was significantly enhanced and the abundance of the denitrification genes was simultaneously elevated by the increased availability of organic carbon in all studied layers, to a greater extent in the subsurface layers than in the surface layers, suggesting the severe scarcity of carbon in the deep vadose zone. The genera Pseudomonas and Bacillus, which are made up of a number of species that have been previously identified as denitrifiers in soil, were the major taxa that respond to carbon addition. Overall, our results suggested that the limited denitrification in the deep vadose zone is not because of the lack of denitrifiers, but due to the low abundance of denitrifiers which is caused by low carbon availability.
Field study reveals core plant microbiota and relative importance of their drivers
Authors: Hamonts Kelly , Trivedi Pankaj , Garg Anshu , Janitz Caroline , Grinyer Jasmine , Holford Paul , Botha Frederik C. , Anderson Ian C. , Singh Brajesh K. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryHarnessing plant microbiota can assist in sustainably increasing primary productivity to meet growing global demands for food and biofuel. However, development of rational microbiome‐based approaches for improving crop yield and productivity is currently hindered by a lack of understanding of the major biotic and abiotic factors shaping the crop microbiome under relevant field conditions. We examined bacterial and fungal communities associated with both aerial (leaves, stalks) and belowground (roots, soil) compartments of four commercial sugarcane varieties (Saccharumspp.) grown in several growing regions in Australia. We identified drivers of the sugarcane microbiome under field conditions and evaluated whether the plants shared a core microbiome. Sugarcane‐associated microbial assemblages were primarily determined by plant compartment, followed by growing region, crop age, variety and Yellow Canopy Syndrome (YCS). We detected a core set of microbiota and identified members of the core microbiome that were influenced by YCS incidence. Our study revealed key hub microorganisms in the core microbiome networks of sugarcane leaves, stalks, roots and rhizosphere soil despite location and time‐associated shifts in the community assemblages. Elucidating their functional roles and identification of the keystone core microbiota that sustain plant health could provide a technological breakthrough for a sustainable increase in crop productivity.
The sol–gel transition temperature of skim milk concentrated by microfiltration as affected by pH and protein content
Authors: Schäfer Johannes , Läufle Ingrid , Schmidt Christian , Atamer Zeynep , Nöbel Stefan , Sonne Alina , Kohlus Reinhard , Hinrichs Jörg 
Published: December 2017

This study aimed at determining sol–gel transition temperatures of microfiltered skim milk retentates for different protein levels (6, 8 and 10% (w/w)) and a wide pH range (native pH to 4.6) by means of small‐amplitude oscillatory shear rheology. For a pH of 5.4 to 5.0, the sol–gel transition temperatures decreased significantly with increasing protein content, which did not differ for pH 4.8 and 4.6. The sol–gel transition temperatures of retentates with 10% (w/w) protein at pH 5.4 and 4.6 were 58.4 °C and 10.9 °C, respectively.
Benchmarking Local Commercial Real Estate Returns: Statistics Meets Economics
Authors: Peng Liang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIt is challenging to estimate granular‐level indices of infrequently traded assets because data can be extremely scarce—the degree of freedom can be near zero if the estimation only uses local properties. This article applies a parameter‐reduction approach to U.S. commercial real estate data, and estimates metro‐level total return indices by property types from 1997 to 2014. This article further evaluates the economic merits of the indices. Test results suggest that the estimated metro indices have significant explanatory power, both in‐ and out‐of‐sample, for local property returns.
The effect of perineural dexamethasone on duration of sciatic nerve blockade: a randomized, double‐blind study
Authors: Hauritz R. W. , Hannig K. E. , Henriksen C. W. , Børglum J. , Bjørn S. , Bendtsen T. F. 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundMajor hindfoot and ankle surgery is associated with severe postoperative pain, which is effectively alleviated by combined sciatic and saphenous nerve blockade. Local anaesthetics with added dexamethasone consistently prolongs the duration of pain relief compared to local anaesthetics alone. However, whether the extended duration of pain relief is due to an effect on duration of sensorimotor block per se vs. systemic absorption of the dexamethasone is still not fully elucidated. We aimed to investigate the postoperative duration of sensorimotor blockade with either dexamethasone or saline added to bupivacaine‐epinephrine.MethodsFifty six patients scheduled for surgery were randomly assigned to a popliteal sciatic nerve block of 18 ml 0.5% bupivacaine‐epinephrine with either 2 ml of 0.4% dexamethasone or 2 ml 0.9% normal saline added. Sensory and motor functions were tested every 30 min until normalized nerve functions. Primary outcome was time until complete return of sensorimotor functions.ResultsMean (SD) time until return of normal sensory and motor functions was 26 (6) vs. 16 (4) hours, P < 0.001, postponing block remission by 10 (95% CI: 8–13) hours. Mean (SD) time until first opioid request was 34 (11) vs. 15 (7) hours, P < 0.001, extending first opioid request by 19 (95% CI: 13–25) hours. Total oral morphine equivalents administered 0–48 h differed significantly between the two groups by 39 (95% CI: 23–55) mg.ConclusionsAddition of 8 mg dexamethasone to 0.5% bupivacaine‐epinephrine significantly prolongs the duration of sensorimotor popliteal sciatic nerve blockade, and reduces pain and opioid consumption in patients after major hind foot and ankle surgery.
Grafts for Peyronie's disease: a comprehensive review
Authors: Garcia‐Gomez B. , Ralph D. , Levine L. , Moncada‐Iribarren I. , Djinovic R. , Albersen M. , Garcia‐Cruz E. , Romero‐Otero J. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryThe difficulty implicit in combining all the characteristics that an ideal patch to treat Peyronie's disease with a lengthening procedure should have, together with the challenges of comparing results from different series, means that the ideal patch has yet to be determined. Our objective with this review was to determine whether any given patch type is preferable to the others based on the evaluation of the results of published studies. A systematic search of the literature was conducted from PubMed until December 2016. Articles reporting basic research, animal research, reviews or meta‐analyses and studies in children were eliminated. Series with patients undergoing some kind of other surgical intervention were only included if results were reported separately. Case reports and series of five patients were excluded. Five variables were selected to evaluate the results: number of patients, follow‐up period, straightening rate, shortening rate and post‐operative ED rate. For this purpose, 69 papers were included for review, and the outcomes of the use of autologous dermis, tunica vaginalis, dura mater, fascia, saphenous vein, tunica albuginea, buccal mucosa, porcine intestinal submucosa, pericardium, TachoSil® and synthetic materials were presented and analysed separately. The different series published are extremely variable and heterogeneous in terms of the number of patients included, patient selection, follow‐up periods, and in the measurement and interpretation of the outcomes analysed. Given these facts, it is not possible to draw any definitive conclusion, homogeneous, prospective studies using validated tools are required to determine which the ideal graft is.
Safety and efficacy of parenteral iron in children with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Papadopoulos Michael , Patel Deepa , Korologou‐Linden Roxanna , Goto Eunice , Soondrum Krishna , Fell John M. E. , Epstein Jenny 
Published: December 2017

AimsIron deficiency anaemia frequently complicates inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children and adults. Oral iron may exacerbate gastrointestinal symptoms and absorption may be insufficient in intestinal inflammation. Even where oral iron is successful, repletion of iron stores can be unacceptably slow. Intravenous iron compounds were in the past associated with serious adverse reactions and historically were considered a last resort in children. New generation preparations have a safer profile in adults, although reluctance to use them in children may persist, where safety data are lacking. We investigate the safety and efficacy of ferric carboxymaltose and iron sucrose in children.MethodsWe retrospectively identified all children with IBD who received parenteral iron over a 38‐month period in a single regional referral centre. Safety, tolerability and adverse events were established by case note review. Efficacy was assessed by change in haematinic indices pre‐ and post‐treatment.ResultsForty‐one children (18 male; median age 14 years, range 3–17) received a total of 104 iron infusions. Of these, 44% (18) had Crohn's disease; 56% (23) ulcerative colitis. Thirty‐five received ferric carboxymaltose, seven iron sucrose and one both. Three children developed mild rash post infusion which resolved quickly with chlorphenamine. Mean increase in haemoglobin was 2.5 g dl–1 (0.3–5.8). Iron levels increased by a mean of 8.4 g dl–1 (1–25), transferrin saturation by 16.2% (2–47). Transferrin decreased by 0.84 g dl–1 (0.3–3.4).ConclusionsNew generation parenteral iron preparations are safe, well tolerated and efficacious in children with iron deficiency anaemia and IBD.
Clinical features and autoimmune associations in patients presenting with Idiopathic Isolated ACTH deficiency
Authors: Hannon Anne Marie , Hunter Steven , Smith Diarmuid , Sherlock Mark , O'Halloran Domhnall , Thompson Christopher J. ,   the Irish Pituitary Database Group
Published: December 2017

SummaryObjectiveIdiopathic Isolated ATCH deficiency (IIAD) is a rare cause of secondary adrenal insufficiency. As the condition is rare, and the diagnostic criteria ill‐defined, there are few good clinical descriptions in the literature. We have described presenting features, autoimmune associations, natural history and responses to CRF, in a large case series of patients presenting with IIAD.DesignThis is a retrospective case note analysis with data derived from the recently commenced National Pituitary Database of Ireland.PatientsTwenty‐three patients with isolated ACTH deficiency were identified. A thorough chart and biochemistry review was performed.ResultsTwenty‐three patients were examined (18 women and 5 men). Age at presentation ranged from 17 to 88 years, (median 48 years). Most patients complained of fatigue; 9 patients presented with hyponatraemia, 13 had autoimmune illnesses (primary hypothyroidism, n = 9). CRF stimulation testing was available in 12 of the 23 patients, 5 of whom demonstrated a rise in plasma ACTH concentrations, indicating hypothalamic, rather than pituitary aetiology. Two patients recovered ACTH secretion, and 2 patients progressed to have other pituitary hormone deficiencies.ConclusionsIIAD typically presents with insidious symptoms. Euvolaemic hyponatraemia is common at diagnosis. It is associated with autoimmune diseases, particularly primary hypothyroidism. As two patients recovered ACTH secretion, and two progressed to other pituitary hormone deficits, repeat pituitary testing should be considered, to identify recovery of function, or progression to other hormone deficits.
Quantifying progress toward a conservation assessment for all plants
Authors: Bachman Steven P. , Nic Lughadha Eimear M. , Rivers Malin C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) set an ambitious target to achieve a conservation assessment for all known plant species by 2020. We consolidated digitally available plant conservation assessments and reconciled their scientific names and assessment status to predefined standards to provide a quantitative measure of progress toward this target. The 241,919 plant conservation assessments generated represent 111,824 accepted land plant species (vascular plants and bryophytes, not algae). At least 73,081 and up to 90,321 species have been assessed at the global scale, representing 21–26% of known plant species. Of these plant species, at least 27,148 and up to 32,542 are threatened. Eighty plant families, including some of the largest, such as Asteraceae, Orchidaceae, and Rubiaceae, are underassessed and should be the focus of assessment effort if the GSPC target is to be met by 2020. Our data set is accessible online (ThreatSearch) and is a baseline that can be used to directly support other GSPC targets and plant conservation action. Although around one‐quarter of a million plant assessments have been compiled, the majority of plants are still unassessed. The challenge now is to build on this progress and redouble efforts to document conservation status of unassessed plants to better inform conservation decisions and conserve the most threatened species.