bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Provinols on Cardiodynamics and Coronary Flow in Islodated Rat Hearts
Authors: Popovic Ana , Pechanova Olga , Rehakova Radoslava , Zivkovic Vladimir , Srejovic Ivan , Jeremic Nevena , Jeremic Jovana , Vranic Aleksandra , Jakovljevic Vladimir 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Provinols are an alcohol-free extract of red wine that contains a wide range of polyphenols. Polyphenols are a group of chemical compounds found in diverse plants. Polyphenols are considered to protect against cardiovascular disease. Although some older epidemiological studies have indicated that the positive effects of red wine on heart disease can be attributed to the alcohol content alone, there is now powerful evidence that polyphenols present in red wine are responsible for these positive effects. The hearts of male Wistar albino rats (n = 36, 12 in each experimental group, 10 weeks old, body mass 250 ± 30 g) were excised and retrogradely perfused according to the Langendorff technique at a gradually increasing perfusion pressure (40-120 cmH2O). Parameters of cardiac function (dp/dt max, dp/dt min, SLVP, DLVP, HR, CF) were measured after perfusion with three different concentrations of provinols (5 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml and 50 μg/ml). Administration of the highest dose (50 μg/ml) induced a significant increase in dp/dt max, dp/dt min, HR and CF compared with control conditions at CPP = 40 cmH2O, while an intermediate dose increased dp/dt max at the same CPP. Generally viewed, the results of the present study suggest that provinols may have a beneficial effect on the intact myocardium and coronary circulation. These findings could constitute an important step in further investigation of these polyphenols under different representative experimental conditions in the heart, as well as providing a good basis for potential clinical studies in this field.
Livolin Forte Ameliorates Cadmium-Induced Kidney Injury in Wistar Rats
Authors: Akomolafe Rufus O. , Imafidon Christian E. , Olukiran Olaoluwa Sesan , Oladele Ayowole A. , Ajayi Akande O. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The kidney, which is an integral part of the drug excretion system, was reported as one of the targets of cadmium toxicity. Early events of cadmium toxicity in the cell include a decrease in cell membrane fluidity, breakdown of its integrity, and impairment of its repair mechanisms. Phosphatidylcholine and vitamin E have a marked fluidizing effect on cellular membranes. We hypothesized that Livolin forte (LIV) could attenuate kidney damage induced by cadmium in rats. Twenty-five adult male Wistar rats were divided into five groups of five rats each: group I (control group) received 0.3 ml/kg/day of propylene glycol for six weeks; group II was given 5 mg/kg/day of cadmium (Cd) i.p for 5 consecutive days; group III rats were treated in a similar way as group II but were allowed a recovery period of 4 weeks; group IV was treated with LIV (5.2 mg/kg/day) for a period of 4 weeks after inducing renal injury with Cd similarly to group II; and group V was allowed a recovery period of 2 weeks after a 4-week LIV treatment (5.2 mg/kg/day) following Cd administration. A significant increase in plasma creatinine, urea, uric acid, and TBARS were observed in groups II and III compared to the control rats. Significant reductions in total protein, glucose, and GSH activity were also recorded. The urine concentrations of creatinine, urea, and uric acid in groups II and III were significantly lower than the control group. Th is finding was accompanied by a significant decrease in creatinine and urea clearance. Post-treatment with LIV caused significant decreases in plasma creatinine, urea, uric acid, and TBARS. Significant increases in total protein, glucose, and GSH activity of groups IV and V were observed compared to group II. A significant increase in urine concentrations of creatinine, urea, and uric acid and significant decreases in total protein, glucose, and GSH activity were observed in groups IV and V compared to group II. Photomicrographs of the rat kidneys in groups IV and V showed an improvement in the histology of their renal tissue when compared to group II, with features similar to the control rats. Additionally, group III showed an improvement in the histoarchitecture of the kidney compared with group II, although occasional atrophy of some glomeruli and shrinking of renal corpuscles was observed.
In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that LIV administration ameliorated Cd-induced kidney injury in rats. Thus, LIV represents a prospective therapeutic choice to prevent kidney injury inflicted by Cd exposure.
ACTUAL TICK-BORNE INFECTIONS IN CRIMEA
Authors: Gorovenko M. V. , Karimov I. Z. 
Published: June 2016

The Crimean Peninsula is located in the Northern part of the Black sea, from the East it is washed by the Sea of Azov, to the South and West by the Black Sea. The unique geographical and climatic conditions facilitate leptospirosis, tularemia, tick-borne encephalitis, Lyme disease, intestinal yersiniosis, pseudotuberculosis, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Mediterranean fever, Q-fever and other infectious diseases natural foci formation on the territory of Crimea Republic. Tick-borne natural focal infections have the most significance due to favorable epidemiologic conditions especially on the background of high raid ticks attacks on people. A leading role in the epizootology and epidemiology of tick-borne natural-focal infections of the Crimea are playing Ixodidae that occur in different landscape-climatic zones, with the greatest their species diversity is observed in mountain-foothill, forest and forest-steppe regions. There are about 30 species in Ixodidae fauna of the Crimean Peninsula. Ticks species composition identification shows that over 50% of people attacks episodes in the Crimea on recent years is caused by Ixodes ricinus ticks species, the remaining are associated with Haemophisalis punctata, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Hyalomma marginatum, Dermacentor marginatus and other. Refusal of treatment in medical institutions of the people affected by tick bites, and the possibility of an attack on people subtle phases of mites are lubricates the real picture of the frequency of contacts of the population with ticks and complicates the forecasting of the epidemiological situation. This review summarizes the available information about spreading of tick-borne encephalitis, Lyme disease, Mediterranean and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fevers on the territory of Crimea Republic and demonstrates the modern trends and manifestations of epidemic process of these nosological forms. The results obtained in the analysis of our investigations and literature data, showed that the conditions of globalization lead to an increase in the frequency of contacts of the population with natural foci, and one of the most common tick-borne natural focal infections on the territory of the Peninsula are Lyme disease and the Mediterranean fever. Epidemiological analysis of the prevalence of tick-borne encephalitis and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in Crimea revealed a decrease in the activity of natural foci of these infections at the present stage. The problem of tick-borne natural focal infections in Crimea Republic requires further careful study.
LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS AND CYTOKINES IN BLOOD AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID IN CHILDREN WITH VIRAL AND BACTERIAL MENINGITIS
Authors: Alekseeva L. A. , Zheleznikova G. F. , Zhirkov A. A. , Skripchenko N. V. , Vilnits A. A. , Monakhova N. E. , Bessonova T. V. 
Published: June 2016

Introduction of flow cytometry caused an increase in the investigation of liquor lymphocyte pool phenotype in the case of different brain disorders, including viral and bacterial meningitis, however this type of research in children has been relatively rare. Phenotype and lymphocyte functions are under cytokine control system, therefore detection of interconnections between lymphocyte pool subpopulation composition and cytokine level in blood and liquor of the patients concerns a great interest. The purpose of this research was to study lymphocyte subpopulation composition and the level of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFNα, IFNγ and IL-4, and also IgG in liquor and blood of children with viral and bacterial meningitis. There was performed blood and liquor investigation in 46 children aged from 1 to 16 years old with viral (n = 35) and bacterial (n = 11) meningitis. Immunophenotyping of blood and liquor cells was performed by the method of flow cytometry with the use of monoclonal antibodies to CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD16, CD56, CD25 and CD95. The content of cytokines was detected in ELISA, and that of IgG — by the method of quantitative immunoturbodimetry. During an acute period of viral meningitis there was detected a decrease in NK portion and activated CD25+ cells in the blood of patients accompanied by the increase in B-lymphocytes number, along with cytokine IFNγ, IL-8 and IL-10 serum level rise. There was determined T-lymphocytes accumulation in liquor with the prevalence of CD4+ Т-cells and, to a lesser degree, CD25+ and CD95+ cells, NK and B-lymphocytes. Intrathecally there was noted the predominance of IL-6 response accompanied by the growth of IL-8 and IL-10 concentration as well. During an acute period of bacterial meningitis there was noted a decrease in percentage of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ Т-lymphocytes, NK, CD25+ and CD95+ cells, along with, on the contrary, sharp increase in B-cells pool, simultaneously with an expressed system response of IL-8 and IL-10. Liquor T-lymphocyte content was relatively correlated with blood indicators whereas the fraction of NK exceeded it, and B-lymphocyte content was 3–4 times higher than in patients with viral meningitis. There was IL-6, IL-10, IFNγ and IL-4 response intrathecally, and 10-multiply-growth of IgG level. Thus, the redistribution of lymphocyte subpopulations, and system and local cytokine response in children with meningitis have both common and special features depending on the aetiology and severity of disease. Phenotyping of lymphocytes and determination of both cytokines and immunoglobulins simultaneously in two biologic fluid allow to clear up the pathogenetic value of immunologic abnormalities in blood and cerebrospinal fluid of the patients in the aspect of interactions between cell and humoral factors of system and local immune response in neuroinfections of various aetiology.
LIVING MICROORGANISM’S STABILYZATION IN BIOMASS BIOTECHNOLOGY AND PLAGUE VACCINE PREPARATION
Authors: Budika D. A. , Abzaeva N. V. , Gostischeva S. E. , Rakitina E. L. , Ivanova G. F. , Fisun A. A. 
Published: June 2016

Over the years, the production release of the plague vaccine is well developed its technology. The technological cycle of production of the preparation consists of regulated steps, however, despite their effectiveness it is necessary to modernize the manufactoring process, for example, solutions for some of the pressing needs of the customers, in particular, small groups of immunization. Our research has focused on obtaining experimental samples plague vaccine smaller compared to the commercial vaccine, the number of doses per vial prepared in a biomass production unit (ACM-Sh) surface by cultivation using all regulated processing steps, except step of combining content two swabs, and then an additional dilution of the cell suspension stabilizer. However, the time information and the subsequent preparation of such a vaccine is excluded us, since biomass is the second flush in quantitative terms is a ready raw material for the preparation of reduced dosage. The benefits of receiving the vaccine reduced the number of doses directly from the biomass of the second flush with the concentration of microbial cells Yersinia pestis EV 20–40 × 109 biotechnology greatly simplify the manufacture of such a preparation. The experimental vaccine series were tested by major regulated parameters: optical concentration, vitality, thermal stability, the loss on drying. In addition, the vaccine was prefabricated with high baseline viability to extreme temperatures (37±1)°C for 24 hours to exclude enough viable microbial cells for subsequent stabilization indicator of viability during storage. It should be noted that all the experimental samples preserved viability index not lower regulated (25%) during the experiment, in contrast to the commercial preparation. To determine the stability of the formulation during storage (over 3 years) was a comparative analysis of the viability of the experimental and commercial lots. To assess post vaccination immune analyzed the immune response to the introduction of a plague vaccine using FACSCalibur flow cytometer, considering that this technology has a high specificity, sensitivity and informativity. With regard to the immunogenic properties, the active component is recorded at a very high level as the white mice, and guinea pigs. Thus, the main biological indicators derived preparations (viability, thermal stability, storage stability) exceed those of commercial analog and provide effective immunological alterations and highly immunogenic in experimental animals.
Evaluating Public Health Interventions: 3. The Two-Stage Design for Confounding Bias Reduction—Having Your Cake and Eating It Two
Authors: Spiegelman Donna , Rivera-Rodriguez Claudia L. , Haneuse Sebastien 
Published: June 2016

In public health evaluations, confounding bias in the estimate of the intervention effect will typically threaten the validity of the findings. It is a common misperception that the only way to avoid this bias is to measure detailed, high-quality data on potential confounders for every intervention participant, but this strategy for adjusting for confounding bias is often infeasible. Rather than ignoring confounding altogether, the two-phase design and analysis—in which detailed high-quality confounding data are obtained among a small subsample—can be considered. We describe the two-stage design and analysis approach, and illustrate its use in the evaluation of an intervention conducted in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, of an enhanced community health worker program to improve antenatal care uptake.
MELAHIRKAN KEMBALI ULAMA PEREMPUAN DI INDONESIA: Refleksi atas Kelangkaan Ulama Perempuan di Indonesia
Authors: Ulfa Isnatin 
Published: June 2016

<p align="center"><strong>MELAHIRKAN KEMBALI ULAMA PEREMPUAN DI INDONESIA: Refleksi atas Kelangkaan Ulama Perempuan di Indonesia</strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"><em>Isnatin Ulfah</em><em></em></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Abstract:</strong> <em>Women discrimination judges as a reason of rare of women ula&gt;ma&gt;. Muh}ammad saw, in early Islam, places women as men as well; they can improve their intellectuality, can express amount of activities freely. Nevertheless, phases after Muh}ammad death, The condition goes back significantly. This condition reduces women’s role both at domestic aspect and at public areas such as education and other works and activities. It is real that nowadays, there are fiercely few women ula&gt;ma&gt;’ who work at an intellectual atmosphere including intellectual works, a political world, and a social sphere. Patriarch culture ‘drives’ to this condition. Men’s oriented interpretation of religious texts gives also this condition worse because of its bias. This bias of interpretation reduces women rights. ‘Women Perspective’, as a solution, can probably produce not only more fair religious law but also indiscriminative texts. Islamic world should ‘open’ and give women rights as human to raise their intellectual quality and to give birth of new women ula&gt;ma&gt;’.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key Word:</em></strong><strong> </strong><em>Ulama Perempuan, diskriminasi, gender<strong>.</strong></em><strong></strong></p>
The Effect of Information Choice on Auditors' Judgments and Confidence
Authors: Smith Steven D. , Tayler William B. , Prawitt Douglas F. 
Published: June 2016

SYNOPSIS
Previous research finds that individuals place more weight on information when they choose to obtain it than when they acquire the same information without explicit choice. We examine whether litigation risk and auditor experience influence auditors' susceptibility to the information choice effect, which has potential implications for audit effectiveness and efficiency. In our experiment, auditors evaluate the likelihood of an inventory obsolescence issue for a hypothetical client. We find that in a high litigation risk setting, less experienced auditors exhibit a choice effect. Surprisingly, in a low litigation risk setting, less experienced auditors appear to exhibit the reverse of a choice effect, weighting information they pursued less heavily than auditors who obtained the information without choice. We do not observe these effects of choice in the judgments of more experienced auditors. Further, we predict and find that auditors choosing to acquire information are more confident in their judgments than auditors who acquire the same information without choice. Interestingly, the effect of choice on confidence is exacerbated by experience, and is especially pronounced when litigation risk is high. Our study contributes to the auditing, management, and psychology literatures on information choice, with practical and theoretical implications for judgment and decision making in accounting settings.
Data Availability: Contact the authors.
Somatosensory evoked potential monitoring detection of carotid compression during ACDF surgery in a patient with a vascularly isolated hemisphere
Authors: Legatt Alan D. , Laarakker Avra S. , Nakhla Jonathan P. , Nasser Rani , Altschul David J. 
Published: June 2016

The authors report herein a case of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery in which findings on somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) monitoring led to the correction of carotid artery compression in a patient with a vascularly isolated hemisphere (no significant collateral blood vessels to the carotid artery territory). The amplitude of the cortical SSEP component to left ulnar nerve stimulation progressively decreased in multiple runs, but there were no changes in the cervicomedullary SSEP component to the same stimulus. When the lateral (right-sided) retractor was removed, the cortical SSEP component returned to baseline. The retraction was then intermittently relaxed during the rest of the operation, and the patient suffered no neurological morbidity. Magnetic resonance angiography demonstrated a vascularly isolated right hemisphere.
During anterior cervical spine surgery, carotid artery compression by the retractor can cause hemispheric ischemia and infarction in patients with inadequate collateral circulation. The primary purpose of SSEP monitoring during ACDF surgery is to detect compromise of the dorsal column somatosensory pathways within the cervical spinal cord, but intraoperative SSEP monitoring can also detect hemispheric ischemia. Concurrent recording of cervicomedullary SSEPs can help differentiate cortical SSEP changes due to hemispheric ischemia from those due to compromise of the dorsal column pathways. If there are adverse changes in the cortical SSEPs but no changes in the cervicomedullary SSEPs, the possibility of hemispheric ischemia due to carotid artery compression by the retractor should be considered.
Synchronising Effect of Microwave and Cytosine for the Synthesis of Hybrid Homogenised Nanosized Cerium Oxide and Cerium Oxycarbonate Hydrate Material
Authors: Verma Sarika , Amritphale S.S. , Das Satyabrata 
Published: June 2016

A novel microwave irradiation process has been developed for the synthesis of hybrid homogenised nanosized cerium oxide and cerium oxycarbonate hydrate material. Aqueous cerium(IV) sulfate and cytosine were reacted in the presence of microwave irradiation for 10–15 min at a temperature of 40–45 °C. Cytosine acts as a novel multifunctional agent, as a source of alkaline amine, a source of carbon-containing moieties and also as a highly effective capping agent. This enables the synthesis of light yellow hybrid homogenised nanosized advanced material. The synthesised material was characterised by various complementary techniques, namely X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The characterisation showed that the size of the nano particles were in the range 27–48.3 nm.
THE ROLE OF RADIATION PRESSURE IN THE NARROW LINE REGIONS OF SEYFERT HOST GALAXIES
Authors: Davies Rebecca L. , Dopita Michael A. , Kewley Lisa , Groves Brent , Sutherland Ralph , Hampton Elise J. , Shastri Prajval , Kharb Preeti , Bhatt Harish , Scharwächter Julia , Jin Chichuan , Banfield Julie , Zaw Ingyin , James Bethan , Juneau Stéphanie , Srivastava Shweta 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
We investigate the relative significance of radiation pressure and gas pressure in the extended narrow line regions (ENLRs) of four Seyfert galaxies from the integral field Siding Spring Southern Seyfert Spectroscopic Snapshot Survey (S7). We demonstrate that there exist two distinct types of starburst-active galactic nucleus (AGN) mixing curves on standard emission line diagnostic diagrams, which reflect the balance between gas pressure and radiation pressure in the ENLR. In two of the galaxies the ENLR is radiation pressure dominated throughout and the ionization parameter remains constant (log U ∼ 0). In the other two galaxies radiation pressure is initially important, but gas pressure becomes dominant as the ionization parameter in the ENLR decreases from log U ∼ 0 to −3.2 ≲ log U ≲ −3.4. Where radiation pressure is dominant, the AGN regulates the density of the interstellar medium on kiloparsec scales and may therefore have a direct impact on star formation activity and/or the incidence of outflows in the host galaxy to scales far beyond the zone of influence of the black hole. We find that both radiation pressure dominated and gas pressure dominated ENLRs are dynamically active with evidence for outflows, indicating that radiation pressure may be an important source of AGN feedback even when it is not dominant over the entire ENLR.
MASSIVE QUIESCENT CORES IN ORION. VI. THE INTERNAL STRUCTURES AND A CANDIDATE OF TRANSITING CORE IN NGC 2024 FILAMENT
Authors: Ren Zhiyuan , Li Di 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
We present a multiwavelength observational study of the NGC 2024 filament using infrared to submillimeter continuum and the

and

inversion transitions centered on FIR-3, the most massive core therein. FIR-3 is found to have no significant infrared point sources in the Spitzer/IRAC bands. But the

kinetic temperature map shows a peak value at the core center with

K, which is significantly higher than the surrounding level (

15–19 K). Such internal heating signature without an infrared source suggests an ongoing core collapse possibly at a transition stage from first hydrostatic core (FHSC) to protostar. The eight dense cores in the filament have dust temperatures between 17.5 and 22 K. They are much cooler than the hot ridge (

K) around the central heating star IRS-2b. Comparison with a dust heating model suggests that the filament should have a distance of 3–5 pc from IRS-2b. This value is much larger than the spatial extent of the hot ridge, suggesting that the filament is spatially separated from the hot region along the line of sight.