bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engagement of the Rat Hindlimb Motor Cortex across Natural Locomotor Behaviors
Authors: DiGiovanna Jack , Dominici Nadia , Friedli Lucia , Rigosa Jacopo , Duis Simone , Kreider Julie , Beauparlant Janine , van den Brand Rubia , Schieppati Marco , Micera Silvestro , Courtine Grégoire 
Published: October 2016

Contrary to cats and primates, cortical contribution to hindlimb locomotor movements is not critical in rats. However, the importance of the motor cortex to regain locomotion after neurological disorders in rats suggests that cortical engagement in hindlimb motor control may depend on the behavioral context. To investigate this possibility, we recorded whole-body kinematics, muscle synergies, and hindlimb motor cortex modulation in freely moving rats performing a range of natural locomotor procedures. We found that the activation of hindlimb motor cortex preceded gait initiation. During overground locomotion, the motor cortex exhibited consistent neuronal population responses that were synchronized with the spatiotemporal activation of hindlimb motoneurons. Behaviors requiring enhanced muscle activity or skilled paw placement correlated with substantial adjustment in neuronal population responses. In contrast, all rats exhibited a reduction of cortical activity during more automated behavior, such as stepping on a treadmill. Despite the facultative role of the motor cortex in the production of locomotion in rats, these results show that the encoding of hindlimb features in motor cortex dynamics is comparable in rats and cats. However, the extent of motor cortex modulations appears linked to the degree of volitional engagement and complexity of the task, reemphasizing the importance of goal-directed behaviors for motor control studies, rehabilitation, and neuroprosthetics.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe mapped the neuronal population responses in the hindlimb motor cortex to hindlimb kinematics and hindlimb muscle synergies across a spectrum of natural locomotion behaviors. Robust task-specific neuronal population responses revealed that the rat motor cortex displays similar modulation as other mammals during locomotion. However, the reduced motor cortex activity during more automated behaviors suggests a relationship between the degree of engagement and task complexity. This relationship emphasizes the importance of the behavioral procedure to engage the motor cortex during motor control studies, gait rehabilitation, and locomotor neuroprosthetic developments in rats.
Achieving High Adolescent HPV Vaccination Coverage
Authors: Farmar Anna-Lisa M. , Love-Osborne Kathryn , Chichester Katherine , Breslin Kristin , Bronkan Kristi , Hambidge Simon J. 
Published: October 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Despite national recommendations for adolescent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, rates have lagged behind those of other adolescent vaccines. We implemented interventions and examined rates of vaccination coverage in a large, urban, safety net health care system to understand whether our tactics for achieving high rates of adolescent vaccination were successful.

METHODS:
Denver Health is an integrated urban safety net health system serving &gt;17 000 adolescents annually. The process for achieving high vaccination rates in our health system includes “bundling” of vaccines, offering vaccines at every visit, and standard orders. Data from vaccine registry and utilization statistics were used to determine vaccination rates in adolescents aged 13 to 17 years from 2004 to 2014, and these findings were compared with state and national rates for 2013. Regression analysis was used to identify characteristics associated with vaccination.

RESULTS:
In 2013 (N = 11 463), HPV coverage of ≥1 dose was 89.8% (female subjects) and 89.3% (male subjects), compared with national rates of 57.3% and 34.6%. Rates of HPV coverage (≥3 doses) were 66.0% for female subjects and 52.5% for male subjects, versus 37.6% and 13.9% nationally. For both sexes, tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis, adsorbed, vaccine coverage was 95.9% (86.0% nationally), and meningococcal conjugate vaccine coverage was 93.5% (77.8% nationally). Female subjects, Hispanic subjects, non-English speakers, and teenagers &lt;200% below the federal poverty level were more likely to have received 3 doses of HPV.

CONCLUSIONS:
Through low-cost, system-wide standard procedures, Denver Health achieved adolescent vaccination rates well above national coverage rates. Avoiding missed opportunities for vaccination and normalizing the HPV vaccine were key procedures that contributed to high coverage rates.
UJI APLIKASI VAKSIN HYDROVAC UNTUK PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT MERAH PADA IKAN MAS (Cyprinus carpio) DAN GURAME (Osphronemus gouramy) DI BALAI BENIH IKAN PANDAK KABUPATEN BANYUMAS
Authors: Indrawati Indrawati , Supriyadi Hambali 
Published: October 2016

Uji aplikasi vaksin ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian vaksin hydrovac terhadap perkembangan kesehatan ikan mas dan gurami, serta mendapatkan informasi tentang cara pengendalian, melalui tindakan pencegahan ikan air tawar yang terserang wabah penyakit Aeromonas hydrophila. Sebanyak 39 ekor ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) dengan bobot rata-rata 1 kg dan panjang rata-rata 30 cm dan108 ekor ikan gurami (Osphronemus gouramy L.) dengan bobot rata-rata 250 g dan panjang rata-rata 10 cm yang berasal dari Balai Benih Ikan (BBI) Pandak Kabupaten Banyumas, digunakan sebagai ikan uji. Vaksin yang digunakan adalah “vaksin hydrovac” yang diproduksi oleh Laboratorium Patologi Ikan. Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Tawar, Bogor. Vaksin diaplikasikan dengan cara dicampur pelet dengan dosis 2--3 mL per kilogram bobot badan ikan yang diberikan selama 5--7 hari berturut-turut dan setelah satu bulan kemudian dilakukan vaksinasi ulangan (booster) terhadap ikan yang telah divaksin dengan cara yang sama. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa ikan baik ikan mas maupun gurame yang divaksin menunjukkan angka sintasan yang cukup tinggi apabila dibandingkan dengan ikan yang tidak divaksin. Mortalitas ikan uji yang tidak divaksin terjadi mulai minggu ke-5 dan ke-6.
PEMANFATAAN LIMBAH INDUSTRI MINYAK KELAPA (BUNGKIL KOPRA) DALAM PAKAN PEMBESARAN IKAN BARONANG (Siganus guttatus) DI KERAMBA JARING APUNG
Authors: Kamaruddin Kamaruddin 
Published: October 2016

Usaha budidaya ikan secara intensif menuntut tersedianya pakan dalam jumlah yang cukup, berkualitas, tepat waktu, dan berkesinambung. Pemanfaatan bahan baku lokal yang berasal dari limbah industri seperti bungkil kopra dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu bahan penyusun pakan ikan baronang dengan pertimbangan murah, mudah diperoleh, tersedia setiap saat, dan mempunyai kandungan gizi baik. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah dengan penambahan bungkil kopra dalam pakan bisa memberikan respons pertumbuhan pada ikan baronang. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di keramba jaring apung (KJA) menggunakan waring hitam ukuran 1 m x 1 m x 2 m, dengan kepadatan 37 ekor. Benih yang digunakan berasal dari alam dengan bobot rata-rata 84,10 g/ekor. Penambahan bungkil kopra ke dalam pakan pembesaran ikan baronang sebanyak 43%, dapat memberikan laju pertambahan bobot 76,4 g dan sintasan 75,7% selama 90 hari pemeliharaan.
MENGENAL JENIS-JENIS CACING LAUT DAN PELUANG BUDIDAYANYA UNTUK PENYEDIAAN PAKAN ALAMI DI PEMBENIHAN UDANG
Authors: Rasidi Rasidi 
Published: October 2016

Cacing laut merupakan salah satu jenis pakan alami yang banyak digunakan sebagai pakan induk udang di pembenihan udang. Jenis-jenis cacing laut yang dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan alami induk udang di pembenihan udang antara lain dari famili Nereidae dan Eunicidae. Famili Nereidae terdiri atas Nereis sp., Namalycastis, Perinereis nuntia. Famili Eunicidae terdiri atas Marphysa sp.-1, dan Marphysa sp.-2. Berbagai jenis cacing laut tersebut mempunyai nama lokal yang berbeda-beda di beberapa wilayah seperti di Kabupaten Serang, Cilacap, Situbondo, dan Barru. Masyarakat setempat memperoleh cacing laut tersebut dari penangkapan di alam antara lain di kawasan mangrove, tambak, dan pantai. Pembenihan udang sebagai pengguna sangat mengharapkan cacing laut dapat dibudidayakan sehingga kebutuhan pakan alami tidak tergantung dari hasil penangkapan saja. Pembenihan udang telah siap menerima produksi cacing laut dari hasil budidaya jika cacing laut berhasil dikembangkan, hal ini menjadi peluang pasar yang menjanjikan sehingga potensi dan peluang sebagai salah satu komoditas penting untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pakan alami dalam industri akuakultur terpenuhi.
EVALUASI PRODUKSI LARVA BEBERAPA VARIETAS INDUK IKAN NILA UNGGUL
Authors: Nugroho Estu 
Published: October 2016

Berbagai varietas induk ikan nila unggul telah dihasilkan oleh anggota Jejaring Pemuliaan Ikan di antaranya adalah Nirwana, BEST, Selfam (Selabintana), dan Central Pertiwi (CP). Kualitas dari benih yang dihasilkan telah menunjukkan tren yang positif dalam pertumbuhan. Peningkatan kualitas ini perlu diimbangi dengan jumlah larva yang dihasilkan sehingga perpaduan antara keduanya dapat menaikkan efisiensi produksi yang merupakan salah satu pilar dalam prinsip “blue economy” yang sekarang sedang dikembangkan oleh Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. Evaluasi dilakukan untuk melengkapi informasi tentang ikan nila unggul yang telah dihasilkan. Pasangan NC (jantan Nirwana x betina CP) dan NN (jantan Nirwana dan betina Nirwana) menghasilkan jumlah larva yang paling banyak yaitu 132 ribu dan 104,467 ekor.
Pułapka szczęścia współczesnego człowieka
Authors: Żmuda Barbara 
Published: October 2016

W artykule podejmuję się próby analizy koncepcji szczęścia, dominującej we współczesnym społeczeństwie, wskazującej, że „szczęśliwy jest ten, kto posiada wszystko, czego pragnie”. W społeczeństwie ukierunkowanym na wydajność i konkurencję o szczęściu mówimy najczęściej jak o czymś nie tyle już istniejącym, ile będącym do osiągnięcia. Wszędzie słyszy się, że szczęście można zdobyć, należy o nie walczyć i dopaść celu możliwie przed innymi lub szybko posiąść to, co inni już posiadają. Pojawia się gorąca żądza i nieskończone pragnienie posiadania tego, co wydaje się konieczne do szczęścia. Z tego powodu rodzi się problem braku nasycenia i w rezultacie braku osiągnięcia szczęścia: gdy jakieś dobro, do którego dążymy, osiągnie pewną wielkość, przestaje już być gwarantem naszego szczęścia – zaczynamy pragnąć więcej, wpadamy w pewną „pułapkę szczęścia”. W gonitwie za spełnianiem pragnień pojawia się paradoksalna tajemnica pełni i pustki, powstaje poczucie, że jest się człowiekiem nieszczęśliwym.Celem artykułu jest próba odpowiedzi na pytania: dlaczego w świecie, gdzie wiele dóbr mamy na wyciągniecie ręki, wciąż czujemy się nieszczęśliwi? Czy owa pogoń za szczęściem może czynić nas nieszczęśliwymi? I w końcu, czy istnieje prawdziwe szczęście i jakie są jego warunki?
Predictive Factors For Three Pronuclear Zygote In Ivf Cycle
Authors: Wiweko Budi 
Published: October 2016

<p>Introduction: Preimplantation Genetic Testing is one of the methods to screen genetic defects in embryos created through In Vitro Fertilization. In developing country this technique is still new and expensive method. Thus, knowing several factors in predicting the occurrence of three-pronuclear zygote can help much.</p><p>Method: 472 cycles in 449 subjects who underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in IVF cycles between January 2013 and August 2014 were included in the study. Categorical variables were compared using Chi Square test and continuous variables were analyzed using Independent t-test, and statistically significant was considered when p &lt; 0.05. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed in order to correlate clinical variables and the occurrence of three-pronuclear zygote (3pn). </p><p>Results: There were 38 3pn was identified in this study (8.05%). No correlation was found between age of the women, number of mature follicles, which are less than six with the incidence of 3pn. However, level of Anti Mullerian Hormones (AMH) found to be the strongest predictor with the incidence of 3PN (p &lt; 0,01, RR 2.5, CI95% 1,55; 4.16).</p><p>Conclusion: level of AMH is known to be strong predictor of thee pronuclear zygote after IVF cycle.</p>
Planning and Results of Ultra Extended Reach Well Drilling in the Chayvo Field
Authors: Ganichev D. , Makarov E. , Bardin V. , Bovykin A. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
One of the priority tasks for Rosneft Oil Company is the offshore project implementation on oil and gas field development. One of the first large-scale offshore projects in the Russian Federation on PSA terms is the Sakhalin-1 project. It is a field development project for three offshore fields located on the northeastern shelf of the Sakhalin Island: Chayvo, Odoptu, and Arkutun-Dagi.
In 2014, Rosneft commissioned development of the Chayvo northernmost part. At the first phase of the North Chayvo development plan, targeted for production from pay zones XVII-XVIII and XIX-XX, the need in detailed planning and geosteering was revealed for the Ultra ERD well drilling.
The paper describes the progressive steps of well drilling planning accounting for the uncertainties in reservoir geological structure and demonstrates the results of Ultra ERD well drilling.
A New Method of Joint Inversion of Seismic and Electromagnetic Magnetotelluric Data for Oil and Gas Prospecting on a Continental Shelf
Authors: Molodtsov D. M. , Bobrov N. Yu. , Polovkov V. V. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
An effective method of two-dimensional (2D) joint inversion of seismic and electromagnetic (magnetotelluric, MT) data for oil and gas prospecting on Arctic shelf is developed. The inverted data are the first-arrival traveltimes of seismic waves and the components of MT impedance tensor. The employed regularization allows taking into account various prior information about the models of the medium, that increases reliability of inversion. The method develops structural approach to joint inversion and utilizes several structural constraints: cross-gradient, constraint of parallel/antiparallel orientation of the velocity and resistivity gradients, as well as joint total variation.
In the present paper we describe basic principles of seismic traveltime tomography and 2D magnetotellurics as well as the corresponding forward problem solvers, which lie in the core of the inverse problem. We also describe the algorithm of joint inversion and the structural constraints it uses. The efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated on a synthetic model based on geological and geophysical data for the North Kara sedimentary basin.
Application of Horizontal Wells with Complex Completion Systems for Efficient Recovery of Tight Oil Reserves of Thin Under-Gas Rims with Bottom Water
Authors: Yazkov A. V. , Gorobets V. E. , Zagaynov A. N. , Yazkov A. V. , Kudrin P. A. , Poushev A. V. , Nerodenko D. G. , Minikayev F. M. , Milushkin A. M. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Recovery of tight oil reserves related to thin under-gas rims complicated by a presence of bottom water represents a crucial task for a huge number of operators throughout the world.
The main problem of development of such reserves are represented by almost inevitable processes of gas and water coning leading to gas and water breakthrough to the bottom of producing wells which in its turn affects process and economic performance indicators of development and prevents reaching high oil recovery factor (ORF) values.
This article represents an efficient approach to recovery of tight oil reserves related to thin under-gas rims with bottom water providing for the use of multipurpose wells with complex design allowing efficiently using the gas cap energy and managing the risks related to water coning.
Systematic Study of Viscoelastic Properties During Polymer-Surfactant Flooding in Porous Media
Authors: Elhajjaji R. R. , Hincapie R. E. , Tahir M. , Rock A. , Wegner J. , Ganzer L. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Based on the currently discussed ability of HPAM-polymer to increase displacement efficiency due to viscoelastic properties, a comprehensive evaluation of the possible impact on the design of polymer-surfactant mixtures is presented in this investigation. This assessment includes a comprehensive analysis of laboratory experiments.
Experimental data was obtained from different sources and furthermore crosschecked, such as: rheological characterization, flooding through microfluidics devices, and core flooding experiments. First, solutions were characterized by the analysis of different rheological techniques. Second, flooding experiments were performed in a microfluidic device which has a hyperbolical contraction-expansion geometry, capable to provide apparent extensional viscosity. Third, single phase core flooding experiment was conducted using Bentheimer core plugs to evaluate the flow behavior of polymer and surfactant in porous media. Finally, flow paths of polymer-surfactant mixtures were described using streamline visualization techniques. The latter was performed injecting the solutions at different flow rates in a Glass-Silicon-Glass (GSG) micromodel generated from a micro CT scan images of a real porous media.
Polymer-surfactant mixtures depicted a pseudoplastic behavior with an increasing in polymer's apparent viscosity due to the presence of a surfactant. Polymer extensional viscosity has been slightly improved due to the addition of Polyethylene oxide (PEO) at 0.5wt% and 1.5wt% using a solvent of 4.0 g/l TDS. Increasing in the measured extensional pressure drops suggested that the viscoelastic properties are improved by using polymer-surfactant combination at apparent rates below 720s-1. Shear rate coefficients resulted in an acceptable match between the rheometer and the core flooding measurements. At a critical value of adjusted shear rates (40-50 S-1), viscosity of three solutions was almost the same value of 30 mPa.S (Critical apparent viscosity). After this critical value, HPAM with no PEO and with 0.5wt% PEO showed shear thickening behavior, while with 1.5wt% PEO showed shear thinning behavior till shear rate value of 95 S-1, after this rate, it was dominated by shear thickening behavior. Moreover, different flow regimes were observed through the streamline visualization in GSG micromodels; a zone mainly considered by laminar flow in case of HPAM with 0.5wt% PEO, remarkable vortex was observed in an open pore geometry and crossing streamlines especially in the wall areas in case of HPAM with no PEO.
This evaluation leads to understanding the viscoelastic behavior in porous media when polymer and surfactant flooding are applied in combination and provide a proper understanding to complement the few literature resources available about this topic.
First Four-Lateral Well at the Umseyskoe Oilfield: A Case Study
Authors: Anton Ablaev , Vyacheslav Kretsul , Igor Petukhov , Vitaliy Kiselev 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This paper describes the experience of the construction of the first Gazpromneft multilateral well on Umseyskoe oil field. The joint work of the operator and service companies applying an integrated engineering approach enabled the successful construction and completion complex wells.
When preparing for the project, two-, three-, and five-lateral well designs were evaluated. As a result, based on economic feasibility and minimization of technological risks, a four-lateral well design was choosen. Drilling of these type of multilateral wells requires greater flexibility in changing the actual profiles and sidetrack depths, taking into account actual lithology, which will reduce the risks associated with BHA (bottom hole assembly) sticking at the sidetrack intervals.
To reduce risk during geosteering of multilateral wells it is extremely important to obtain operational geological and technological information during the drilling process. Obtaining this information is enabled by telemetry systems that transmit data to the surface, providing directional indications of natural radioactivity of rocks and their electrical resistivity.
An RSS (rotary steerable system) was used in combination with a postivie displacement motor (PDM) BHA and special drilling mud to provide high-quality openhole laterals during well construction. As a result, liner completion was successfully run to the final fourth lateral through three upper sidetrack points for other laterals.
A comprehensive engineering approach to solving the well construction issues enabled the successful construction of the first four-lateral well at Umseyskoe oil field.
Engineered Solution Helps Cure Total Losses in Bashkortostan, Russia
Authors: Ivanov Aleksey , Slavich Vladimir , Kharitonov Andrey , Lischuk Vasily , Gnativ Vladimir , Mukhametzyanov Irek 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Severe losses into the Upper Carbon, Lower Carbon, and Myachkovsky horizons in Bashkortostan, Russia have been a major issue for many years and impact the operator’s ability to reduce well construction time and costs. Well No. 5 experienced total fluid loss while drilling, resulting in no returns while circulating and a fluid level of 160 m rotary kelly bushing (RKB) while static.
Over a period of 30 days, multiple methods and lost circulation materials (LCMs) were used by various companies without significant and/or long-term success. The service company’s previous experience in the area showed that high fluid-loss (HFL) pills work to completely seal troublesome zones or to minimize losses to an acceptable level. After analysis of the approaches used to date and their efficiency, a HFL pill was designed that contained materials with a multimodal size distribution to widen the range of fractures that would be sealed. To enhance the effectiveness of the treatment, reticulated foam material was added to the pill.
Engineering calculations indicated that a total of 15 m3 of the engineered LCM blend should be pumped down hole. The HFL LCM pill was prepared in a batch mixer; it consisted of 280 kg/m3 of the multimodal material and 1.3 kg/m3 of a proprietary reticulated foam material. The blend was delivered into the loss zones, using 89-mm drillpipe at low pump rates of only 10 to 12 L/sec. Full returns of drilling fluid were observed after pumping only 13 m3 of the LCM blend. The pill was left static for several minutes (with pressure applied) and then circulated back to surface. A return rate of 100% of the fluid was reported when circulating at full rate, indicating that the specially designed HFL LCM pill was effective and robust, creating an effective long-term seal that was resistant to erosion.
A 100% return of the drilling fluid was reported for the first time since the losses were observed while drilling the well. Notably, the approach used required minimal time, equipment, and LCM materials. Following the successful application of the HFL pill, the strategy to prevent lost circulation was adjusted to account for this new technology. It has since been extended to other areas in the country.