bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interannual homing to reproductive sites and transboundary migration in black seabream Spondyliosoma cantharus, with implications for management
Authors: Davies Peter , Stamp Thomas , Hall Alice , Atterborne Allison , Lewis Jen , Balchin George P , Tebb Alice , Ward Sarah , Binney Francis , Blampied Samantha , Plaster Alexander , Hubbard Charlie , Rogers Nick , Wiseman Matthew , Conlon Ronan , Reynell Shion E A , Sheehan Emma V 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Fish spawning aggregations are vulnerable to overexploitation, which can have severe ecological, social, and economic consequences. Knowledge on the spatial ecology of aggregating species is often lacking, but is crucial for their effective conservation. This study explores the spawning site residency, interannual fidelity, and migration of black seabream Spondyliosoma cantharus using acoustic (n = 55) and conventional (n = 2397) tagging within and outside Marine Conservation Zones in the southern UK. Detections and recaptures of tagged fish indicated that black seabream display significant interannual fidelity to nesting areas, but that residency of individuals at nesting areas was short relative to current temporal management of these areas. Locations of detection and recapture during autumn/winter indicated migration by black seabream into deeper waters of the English Channel and coastal waters of France and the Channel Islands. The results indicate spatial structuring of black seabream populations maintained by homing of adults to previously occupied sites. However, short residency periods within protected reproductive sites, and evidence of transboundary migrations emphasize the importance of effective fisheries management, i.e. collaborative between European nations. These findings highlight the importance of international-scale telemetry studies and networks for informing ecosystem-based fisheries management of sensitive migratory species.
Anti-Indigenous racism in Canadian healthcare: a scoping review of the literature
Authors: Cooke Martin , Shields Tasha 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Health inequity between Indigenous (First Nations, Inuit, and Métis) peoples and other citizens is an important policy concern in Canada, as in other colonial countries. Racism in healthcare has been identified as contributing to poorer care and to worse outcomes. Despite a large literature regarding racism in other healthcare contexts, the dimensions of the existing literature on anti-Indigenous racism in Canadian healthcare are unclear. A scoping review examined the evidence of anti-Indigenous racist experiences in healthcare in the research literature, including the types of racist behaviours identified, settings studied, and Indigenous populations and geographic regions included. We identified English and French language journal articles on anti-Indigenous racism in Canadian healthcare settings in Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, and the Bibliography of Indigenous Peoples in North America, and grey literature reports. A total of 2250 journal articles and 9 grey literature reports published since 2000 were included in screening, and 66 studies were included in the final review. Most used qualitative interviews with patients, but a large proportion included healthcare providers. Most were conducted in urban settings, a majority in Ontario or British Columbia, with mixed Indigenous populations. The largest proportion focussed on patient experiences with healthcare in general, rather than specific clinical contexts.
Most racist experiences identified were ‘covert’ racism, including patients feeling treated differently from non-Indigenous patients, being ignored, treated more slowly, or not believed. Stereotyping of Indigenous peoples as substance users, poor patients, or poor parents was also commonly reported. ‘Overt racism’, including the use of racist slurs, was not widely found. Some quantitative studies did use standardized or validated instruments to capture racist experiences, but most did not result in generalizable estimates of their prevalence. The few studies linking racism to health outcomes found that experiencing racism was related to reluctance to seek healthcare, potentially leading to higher unmet healthcare needs. Gender was the intersecting dimension most identified as shaping healthcare experiences, with Indigenous women and girls at risk to specific stereotypes. Some papers suggested that socio-economically disadvantaged Indigenous people were at the highest risk to experiencing racism. Types of anti-Indigenous racism identified in Canadian healthcare appear similar to those reported in other jurisdictions. Indigenous peoples facing multiple dimensions of disadvantage, especially gender and social class, may be the most likely to experience racism. It is likely that the experience of racism in healthcare has implications for Indigenous peoples’ health, mainly by reducing healthcare access.
Ammonia leakage can underpin nitrogen-sharing among soil microorganisms
Authors: Richards Luke , Cremin Kelsey , Coates Mary , Vigor Finley , Schäfer Patrick , Soyer Orkun S 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Soil microbial communities host a large number of microbial species that support important ecological functions such as biogeochemical cycling and plant nutrition. The extent and stability of these functions are affected by inter-species interactions among soil microorganisms, yet the different mechanisms underpinning microbial interactions in the soil are not fully understood. Here, we study the extent of nutrient-based interactions among two model, plant-supporting soil microorganisms, the fungi Serendipita indica, and the bacteria Bacillus subtilis. We found that S. indica is unable to grow with nitrate - a common nitrogen source in the soil - but this inability could be rescued, and growth restored in the presence of B. subtilis. We demonstrate that this effect is due to B. subtilis utilising nitrate and releasing ammonia, which can be used by S. indica. We refer to this type of mechanism as ammonia mediated nitrogen sharing (N-sharing). Using a mathematical model, we demonstrated that the pH dependent equilibrium between ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH+4) results in an inherent cellular leakiness, and that reduced amonnium uptake or assimilation rates could result in higher levels of leaked ammonia. In line with this model, a mutant B. subtilis – devoid of ammonia uptake - showed higher S. indica growth support in nitrate media. These findings highlight that ammonia based N-sharing can be a previously under-appreciated mechanism underpinning interaction among soil microorganisms and could be influenced by microbial or abiotic alteration of pH in microenvironments.
Cigarette smoking, e-cigarette use, and sociodemographic correlates of mental health and tobacco-related disease risk in the All of Us Research Program
Authors: Kirchner Thomas R , Tian Danning , Li Jian , Srivastava Pranjal , Zheng Yihao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Significance
Research on the conditions under which electronic cigarette (EC) use produces a net reduction in the population harm attributable to combusted cigarette (CC) use requires the triangulation of information from cohort(s) of smokers, non-smokers, EC users, and dual-users of all varieties.

Materials and Methods
This project utilizes data from the All of Us Research Program to contrast a panel of wellness and disease-risk indicators across a range of self-reported tobacco-use profiles, including smokers, current, and former EC users. This article focuses on the tobacco use history and current tobacco use status among All of Us participants enrolled between May 2017 and February 2023 (Registered Controlled Tier Curated Data Repository [CDR] v7).

Results
The present analytic sample included an unweighted total of N = 412 211 individuals with information on ever-use of both CC and EC. Among them, 155 901 individuals have a history of CC use, with 65 206 identified as current smokers. EC usage is reported by 64 002 individuals, with 16 619 being current users. Model predicted analyses identified distinct patterns in CC and EC usage across demographic and socioeconomic variables, with younger ages favoring ECs.

Discussion
Age was observed to significantly affect EC usage, and gender differences reveal that males were significantly more likely to use CC and/or EC than females or African Americans of any gender. Higher educational achievement and income were associated with lower use of both CC and EC, while lower levels of mental health were observed to increase the likelihood of using CC and EC products.

Conclusion
Findings suggest the potential for the All of Us Research Program for investigation of causal factors driving both behavioral use transitions and cessation outcomes.
Sexually dimorphic characteristics and their functions in a native crab Leptochryseus kuwaitense (Jones & Clayton, 1983) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Camptandriidae) from the Persian Gulf
Authors: Azizi Sedigh , Naderloo Reza , Ranjbar Mohammad Sharif , Shahdadi Adnan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Understanding population dynamics requires knowledge of reproductive aspects such as sexual maturity, fertility, and growth changes of body components. We analyzed the relative growth and morphometry in a native brachyuran crab, Leptochryseus kuwaitense (Jones & Clayton, 1983), that dominates mud flats along the Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. The carapace (length, width, height, front), pleon (abdomen) (length and width of the first, third, fifth, and sixth segments), second, third, and fourth walking legs (total length, length, and width of the merus), cheliped propodus (length and width), and eye dimentions (distance between the two eyes and eye-stalk length), and total weight were recorded for 83 specimens. A regression model with a segmented relationship was employed to examine the relative growth patterns of the characteristics in question. The breakpoints identified in the analysis provided insights into the body size at which crabs attain sexual maturity. The carapace length of sexual morphometric maturity in males and females was 20.43 mm and 19.20 mm, respectively. Males exhibited a positive allometric growth for most traits, with adults having a greater slope than juveniles with the exception of body height, weight, and in some traits (e.g., cheliped length and width) this slope is more than double. By contrast, the growth equation for females is positive allometric for the majority of traits in juveniles, whereas were negative allometric in mature individuals. Juvenile individuals of both sexes exhibited morphological similarities, but females tended to have a smaller body size compared to males. The carapace length of the largest male was 24.2 mm (with mean of 21.71 mm, N = 43), 21.7 and (with mean of 20.14 mm, N = 40) for females, a characteristic that is likely associated with their reproductive biology. Because males are larger in body size, energy investment in the growth of walking legs and chelipeds may be crucial for mating and intreasexual cambating. The rate of growth thus exhibited a more rapid increase in males. Our results indicate that the chelipeds do not play a role in combat, but the coloration of the male cheliped plays a role in its selection by females.
Demography of the Gambian Epauletted Fruit Bat (Epomophorus gambianus) in Ghana
Authors: Amponsah-Mensah Kofi , Hudson Michael A , Cunningham Andrew A , Wood James L N , Ntiamoa-Baidu Yaa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We provide the first estimates of survival and reproductive rates for a population of the Gambian Epauletted Fruit Bat Epomophorus gambianus in Ghana. We focused on a large colony of ca. 5,000 bats over 3 years to estimate population parameters including population size, birth rates, survival, and sex ratios for this species. Reproduction chronology was confirmed as seasonal bimodal polyestry, with births occurring in March/April and August/September each year. The estimated birth rate was 0.89 (95% CI = 0.85 to 0.92) per reproductive season. The overall sex ratio (female to male ratio) of the study population was male-dominated (0.69, 95% CI = 0.64 to 0.75), but female-biased for adults (62% female, χ21 = 42, P &lt; 0.0001), and showed temporal and age-specific variations. By radiotracking 60 bats for 10 months, we obtained the first estimates of minimum monthly survival for this species as 0.81 (95% CI = 0.74 to 0.86), but this could be an underestimate due to possible undetected emigration of tagged bats.
Precise positional alignment of atom-resolved HAADF images of heteroepitaxial interface with low signal-to-noise ratio
Authors: Aso Kohei , Oshima Yoshifumi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Heteroepitaxial interfaces are important because they determine the performance of devices such that career mobility is sensitive to the distribution of roughness, strain and composition at the interface. High-angle annular dark field imaging in scanning transmission electron microscopy has been utilized to capture them at an atomic scale. For precise identification of atomic column positions, a technique has been proposed to average multiple image frames taken at a high scanning rate by their positional alignment for increasing signal-to-noise ratio. However, the positional alignment between frames is sometimes incorrectly estimated because of the almost perfect periodic structure at the interfaces. Here, we developed an approach for precise positional alignment, where the images are first aligned by two consecutive images and then are aligned more precisely against the integrated image of the first alignment. We demonstrated our method by applying it to the heterointerface of Si0.8Ge0.2 (Si: silicon, Ge: germanium) epitaxial thin films on a Si substrate.
Effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention to promote physical activity among Japanese remote workers: a pilot open-label randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kim Jihoon , Mizushima Ryoko , Morimoto Masahiro , Fujita Yukako , Shibuichi Saki , Kato Mafuyu , Gosho Masahiko , Nakata Yoshio 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objectives: Remote work (ie, teleworking) may adversely affect physical activity (PA) among workers, but no strategies have been effectively implemented to address this issue. We aimed to test whether a multicomponent intervention program could promote the PA of remote workers.
Methods: This study was an 8-week pilot open-label randomized controlled trial. Fifty-one participants (19 women) aged 23-58 years were recruited via an information technology company in Tokyo, Japan, and randomly assigned to the control (n = 26) or intervention (n = 25) group. The intervention group was provided a multicomponent intervention that comprised individual (lecture, print material, goal setting, feedback, and posters), sociocultural (supportive atmosphere and team building), and organizational (encouraging message from an executive) strategies. The control group only received posters. The primary outcome was an 8-week change in objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). The secondary outcomes were changes in light PA, moderate PA, vigorous PA, steps, and sedentary time. We also conducted subdomain analyses divided into working and nonworking days.
Results: No significant difference was observed in MVPA changes between the 2 groups. However, the intervention group showed significant improvement in light PA by +14.0 min/d (95% CI, 1.7-26.2). Subdomain analyses also showed no significant differences in MVPA changes between the 2 groups. However, MVPA in the intervention group significantly increased by +9.4 min/d (95% CI, 2.5-16.2) on working days.
Conclusions: The present multicomponent intervention was feasible for remote workers, although some revisions are necessary to enhance the effect size.
Inflammatory pseudotumor: big similarities and diagnostic challenges
Authors: Mohtarim Rihane El , Derqaoui Sabrine , Sassi Samia , Belkouchi Omar , Babana Amina El Alaoui , Boumeriem Khaoula , Imrani Kaoutar , Nassar Ittimade , Jahid Ahmed , Zouaidia Fouad , Znati Kaoutar , Belkouchi Abdelkader , Bernoussi Zakia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Inflammatory pseudotumors are reactive and rare lesions of unknown origin. They are locally aggressive, but they generally do not extend beyond the affected organ, with a favorable prognosis after radical surgical resection. Symptoms and radiologic features are often nonspecific, and pathological examination plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of inflammatory pseudotumors along with immunohistochemical staining to rule out differential diagnosis, especially myofibroblastic inflammatory tumor. Molecular biology can play a decisive role when these latter cannot establish a definitive diagnosis. Herein, we present a case study that describes a 65-year-old woman presenting a mesocolic mass. The patient underwent a surgical excision, which included a wedge gastric resection, transverse colectomy, and colocolic side-to-side stapled anastomosis. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed an inflammatory pseudotumor. Surgery remains the main treatment and depends on the location of the tumor. No recurrences are noted; however, a standardized follow-up protocol for inflammatory pseudotumors has yet to be established.
Implementation, Cooperation, Penalties and Enforcement
Authors: Wilman Folkert , Kalėda Saulius Lukas , Loewenthal Paul-John 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter outlines the provisions concerned with the implementation, cooperation, penalties, and enforcement of the Digital Services Act (DSA). It elaborates on the foundations for the system of supervision of providers of intermediary services and enforcement of the DSA. Typically, the supervision and enforcement of the DSA is a task shared between the national authorities and the Commission. The chapter then explains that the enforcement of DSA extends to the EU and national levels while setting out coordination mechanisms between the national authorities with other national authorities, the Board, and the Commission. The chapter then provides an overview of Articles 49 to 88 of the DSA.
Challenges nurses face in providing care to older patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A qualitative study
Authors: Fusama Mie , Nakahara Hideko , Urata Yukitomo , Kawahata Kimito , Kawahito Yutaka , Kojima Masayo , Sugihara Takahiko , Hashimoto Motomu , Miyamae Takako , Murashima Atsuko , Mori Masaaki , Yajima Nobuyuki , Matsui Toshihiro 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
This study aims to identify challenges nurses face in providing care to older patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Japan.

Methods
Nurses certified by the Japan Rheumatism Foundation were requested via mail to describe challenges in providing care to older RA patients. Qualitative content analysis was used.

Results
One hundred and eighty-two issues were identified from 152 responses. Twenty categories were grouped into seven components, five of which focused on patients: (1) lack of patient understanding, (2) lack of understanding and support from surrounding people, (3) numerous comorbidities and complications, (4) challenges related to physical strength, and (5) financial issues. Two focused on nurses: (6) lack of knowledge of nurses and (7) inadequate systems and environment in the workplace. Various difficulties, such as polypharmacy due to multimorbidity, lifestyle issues due to aged couples or those living alone, and inadequate decision-making and informed consent due to cognitive decline, were also identified.

Conclusions
Nurses experienced numerous medical and nonmedical difficulties in providing care to older RA patients. Assessing patients’ comprehension and self-management and grasping their situations at home are necessary. Along with the improvement of nurses’ knowledge and skills, support from their workplace and multidisciplinary team care, including families, are crucial.
Spin-dependent electrocatalysis
Authors: Chen Zhengjie , Li Xiaoning , Ma Hao , Zhang Yuwei , Peng Jing , Ma Tianyi , Cheng Zhenxiang , Gracia Jose , Sun Yuanmiao , Xu Zhichuan J 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The shift towards sustainable energy requires efficient electrochemical conversion technologies, emphasizing the crucial need for robust electrocatalyst design. Recent findings reveal that the efficiency of some electrocatalytic reactions is spin-dependent, with spin configuration dictating performance. Consequently, understanding the spin's role and controlling it in electrocatalysts is important. This review succinctly outlines recent investigations into spin-dependent electrocatalysis, stressing its importance in energy conversion. It begins with an introduction to spin-related features, discusses characterization techniques for identifying spin configurations, and explores strategies for fine-tuning them. At the end, the article provides insights into future research directions, aiming to reveal more unknown fundamentals of spin-dependent electrocatalysis and encourage further exploration in spin-related research and applications.
Transfusion of Blood Products and Clinical Outcomes for Patients With Dengue Fever: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Goh Zhi Jie , Li Ruiqi , Wang Min Xian , Chia Po Ying , Lim Jue Tao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze the effects of transfusing “nonpacked red blood cell” blood products in patients with dengue and evaluate the effectiveness in reducing mean hospital stay, bleeding, mortality rate, and intensive care unit requirements.

Methods
Four databases were searched for relevant articles. Inclusion criteria were prospective or retrospective randomized or nonrandomized studies investigating the effects of transfusion of blood products in patients with dengue.

Results
Nine studies were included in the final meta-analysis. Transfusion of blood products was associated with significantly higher mortality rate (9 studies; odds ratio [OR], 3.59 [95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07–15.98]; I2 = 0%; P = .04) and significantly longer mean hospital stay (6 studies; 0.56 day [95% CI, .03–1.08 day]; I2 = 95%; P = .04). There was no significant difference in the incidence of clinical bleeding (7 studies; OR, 1.13 [95% CI, .77–1.65]; I2 = 39%; P = .54) or intensive care unit requirement (3 studies; OR, 1.59 [.40–6.39]; I2 = 0%; P = .51).

Conclusions
Transfusing blood products for patients with dengue showed no benefit and may even be harmful.