bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The philosophical foundations of participatory action research: pragmatism, critical theory, constructivism, feminist epistemology and participatory democracy
Authors: De Oliveira Bruno 
Published: October 2024

PurposeThis paper provides a needed viewpoint discussion on Participatory Action Research's (PAR) foundations. It allows for reflections on how PAR enables the investigation of social issues and takes action to bring about social change.Design/methodology/approachWhat are the conceptual foundations of Participatory Action Research (PAR)? This article aims to review some of PAR's cornerstones as a research approach. It will first briefly describe PAR and consider this approach's particular features. The paper will then explore some foundations of this approach to research.FindingsThe aim of PAR is to systematically collect and analyse data to take action and make a change by generating practical knowledge. However, PAR as an approach to research has philosophical roots. There is a need to reflect on its foundation, and it reflects on how practice.Originality/valueThis paper discusses the foundations of PAR, seeking to bring academics, researchers, community organisations and practitioners closer to this approach's way of thinking. As PAR becomes more used, reflecting on its origins and importance to research and knowledge production is key.
Transpiration and plant hydraulics of Abies veitchii under fluctuating environmental conditions in cool montane forest
Authors: Miyazawa Yoshiyuki , Sugiura Daisuke , Sugiyama Taichi , Iwamoto Kojiro , Taneda Haruhiko 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn subalpine fir wave forests, strips of dead and weakened trees occur perpendicular to the slope next to strips of healthy trees. To reveal the transpiration by weakened Abies veitchii trees exposed to increased atmospheric evaporative demand, we investigated the ecophysiological traits closely related to the growth and transpiration, comparing them with those of the healthy trees and saplings in the fir wave of Mt. Shimagare in central Japan. The transpiration rate (E) was investigated using sap flux sensors to measure heat pulse velocity and compared with the surrogate for the needle water demand, which was computed using a multilayered gas and energy transfer model (modeled E, Emod). Weakened trees exhibited smaller diameter growth and narrower sapwood than healthy trees, as well as lower heat pulse velocity compared with healthy saplings. However, needle‐level traits did not differ significantly between weakened and healthy trees. Needle water potential at midday was as negative as the needle turgor loss point, and the measured heat pulse velocity increased linearly with Emod but leveled off above a certain Emod value in weakened trees and healthy saplings, suggesting that trees restricted E to balance the needle water budget. Heat pulse velocity of weakened trees leveled off at Emod lower than that of healthy saplings, probably due to lower capacity for water supply to the needles. Restriction of E would occur less frequently but be necessary for both weakened and healthy A. veitchii on Mt. Shimagare to avoid hydraulic failure, sacrificing photosynthetic carbon assimilation.
EVE‐X: Software to Identify Novel Viral Insertions in Wild‐Caught Arthropod Hosts From Next‐Generation Short Read Data
Authors: Havill Jessen , Strasburg Olivia , Udoh Tessy , Crawford Jacob E. , Gloria‐Soria Andrea 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTEukaryotic genomes harbour sequences derived from non‐retroviral RNA viruses, known as endogenous viral elements (EVEs) or non‐retroviral integrated RNA virus sequences (NIRVS). These sequences represent a record of past infections and have been implicated in host anti‐viral response. We have created a program to identify viral sequences integrated in a host genome. It begins with a specimen BAM file and outputs candidate NIRVS, along with putative host insertion sites and overlapping genomic features of the host genome in XML and visual formats, with minimal intermediary intervention. We ran through this software short‐read data derived from the genomes of 222 wild‐caught A. aegypti mosquitoes, from a dozen geographical regions, and located putative NIRVS from seven virus families. This program is as accurate as currently available software for NIRVS detection, and represents a significant improvement in adaptability and user‐friendliness. Furthermore, the flexibility of this pipeline allows the user to search for sequence integrations across the genome of any organism, as long as a query sequence database and a reference genome is provided. Potential extended applications include identification of integrated transgenic sequences used for research or vector control strategies.
Precision emergency medicine in health care delivery and access: Framework development and research priorities
Authors: Salhi Rama A. , Kocher Keith E. , Greenwood‐Ericksen Margaret , Khakhkhar Rishi , Lydston Melis , Vogel Jody A. , Zachrison Kori S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe integration of precision emergency medicine (EM) into our conceptualization of the health care system affords the opportunity to improve health care access, delivery, and outcomes for patients. As part of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) Consensus Conference, we conducted a rapid literature review to characterize the current state of knowledge pertaining to the intersection of precision EM (defined as the use of big data and technology to deliver acute care for individual patients and their communities) with health care delivery and access. We then used our findings to develop a proposed conceptual model and research agenda.MethodsWe completed a rapid review of the existing literature on the utilization of big data and technology to ensure and enhance access to acute/unscheduled care for individual patients and their communities. Literature searches were conducted using Ovid MEDLINE, Embase.com, Cochrane CENTRAL via Ovid, and ClinicalTrials.gov in January 2023. Using the identified articles, we determined core domains, developed a framework to guide the conceptualization of precision EM in health care delivery and access, and used these to identify a research agenda.ResultsOf the 815 studies identified for initial screening, 60 underwent full‐text review by our technical expert panel and 21 were included in the evaluation. Core domains identified included expedited/personalized prehospital care, delivery to the right level of care, personalized ED care, alternatives to ED care/post‐ED care, prediction tools for system readiness, and creation of equitable systems of care. A research agenda with four priority research questions was defined following identification of the core domains.ConclusionsPrecision EM includes consideration of the health care delivery system as a mechanism for improving access to emergency care using data‐driven strategies. This provides a unique opportunity to use data and technology to advance systems of care while also centering patients, communities, and equity in these advances.
Alcohol use and intimate partner violence victimization among young adults with a history of perpetration: An ecological momentary assessment study
Authors: Grocott Lauren R. , Brick Leslie A. , Armey Michael F. , Stuart Gregory L. , Shorey Ryan C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundIntimate partner violence (IPV) is a major public health concern among young adults and has shown a consistent association with alcohol use. However, previous research has used cross‐sectional and daily diary designs that may fail to pinpoint the effects of alcohol use within several hours of IPV occurring. The present study used novel ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methods to investigate the bidirectional effect of alcohol use and IPV victimization among young adults with a history of IPV perpetration.MethodsOne hundred and sixty‐eight young adults (age 18–25 years) in a dating relationship who reported IPV perpetration in the past year completed 28 days of randomly prompted EMA surveys (four surveys daily). The effect of alcohol use on IPV victimization and the effect of IPV victimization on alcohol use were examined.ResultsThe results indicated that alcohol use co‐occurs with psychological and physical IPV victimization. Further, alcohol use significantly increased the odds of physical (OR = 4.94; 95% CI = 2.24–10.87) and sexual (OR = 4.66; 95% CI = 1.64–13.22) IPV victimization, but not psychological IPV victimization, in the subsequent EMA survey. Finally, IPV victimization did not significantly increase the odds of reporting alcohol use in the subsequent EMA survey.ConclusionsUsing alcohol is proximally related to IPV victimization among those with a history of IPV perpetration. Intervention efforts would benefit from adapting EMA methods to provide resources the moment they are needed.
Comparison of waitlist and post‐transplant outcomes in patients supported with total artificial heart versus continuous biventricular assist devices
Authors: Ferrall Joel , Vaidya Ajay S. , Kawaguchi Eric S. , Patel Sanjeet G. , Lee Raymond C. , Lee Emily S. , Wolfson Aaron M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundDurable biventricular support may be necessary to bridge patients with end‐stage biventricular failure to heart transplantation. This study compares waitlist and post‐transplant outcomes between patients supported with continuous flow, durable biventricular assist devices (BiVAD), and total artificial heart (TAH).MethodsUsing the UNOS registry, we analyzed adult (≥18 years old), first‐time transplant candidates with TAH or BiVAD at the time of listing or transplantation from 10/1/2010–10/31/2020, with follow‐up through 3/31/2022. Multivariable proportional subdistribution hazards models and cause‐specific Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare death/deterioration or heart transplantation on the waitlist between cohorts. Kaplan–Meier and multivariable Cox proportional hazards model were used to evaluate one‐year post‐transplant survival and evaluate difference in outcomes based on annual transplant center volume.ResultsThe waitlist cohort included a total of 228 patients (25% BiVAD). Waitlist outcomes between device types were similar. The transplanted cohort included a total of 352 patients (25% BiVAD). There was a trend towards worse one‐year post‐transplant survival in patients bridged with TAH versus BiVAD (log‐rank p‐value = 0.072) that persisted after adjusting for age, gender, policy, and removing dual‐organ recipients (HR 1.94 (0.94, 3.98) p‐value = 0.07). There was a difference in one‐year post‐transplant survival amongst TAH‐bridged patients when stratified by annual transplant center volume (log‐rank p‐value = 0.013). One‐year post‐transplant survival between TAH‐supported patients from high annual transplant volume centers and BiVAD‐supported patients was similar (p‐value = 0.815).ConclusionsBiVAD and TAH are reasonable support strategies with TAH implantation at high‐volume transplant centers (51+ transplants/year) having similar 1‐year post‐transplant survival to BiVAD‐supported patients.
Parent–Child Relationship, Resilience Beliefs, Relationship Quality and Stress During the Pandemic in American Families: A Moderated Mediation Analysis
Authors: Brik Anis Ben , Wang Yunqi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe study aims to investigate factors within the double ABC‐X model to explain parents' stress during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic, with a focus on adaptive resources (i.e., parent–child relationship and relationship quality) and the moderating effect of appraisal (i.e., family resilience beliefs). Drawing on a sample of 1386 American parents, this study examines the moderated mediation effects to test the conditional indirect influence of a moderating variable (i.e., family resilience beliefs) on the relationship between a predictor (i.e., stressor pile‐up) and an outcome variable (i.e., stress) through potential mediators (i.e., family satisfaction and relationship quality). The results indicate that the relationship between stressor pile‐up and parent stress was mediated by both parent–child relationship and relationship quality. In addition, the direct association between the parent–child relationship and parent stress was moderated by family resilience beliefs. However, the moderation effects of family resilience beliefs on relationship quality and stress were not supported. Family resilience beliefs moderated the indirect effect of stressor pile‐up on parent stress through the parent–child relationship, but not through relationship quality. The study emphasized the contribution of stressors and adaptive resources in understanding parental adaptation and the role of the family system in maintaining well‐being during unprecedentedly challenging times.
Significant Links Between Photosynthetic Capacity, Atmospheric CO2 and the Diversification of C3 Plants During the Last 80 Million Years
Authors: Schweiger Andreas H. , Schweiger Julienne M.‐I. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTChanging CO2 concentrations will continue to affect plant growth with consequences for ecosystem functioning. The adaptive capacity of C3 photosynthesis to changing CO2 concentrations is, however, insufficiently investigated so far. Here, we focused on the phylogenetic dynamics of maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax) and maximum electron transport rate (Jmax)—two key determinants of photosynthetic capacity in C3 plants—and their relation to deep‐time dynamics in species diversification, speciation and atmospheric CO2 concentrations during the last 80 million years. We observed positive relationships between photosynthetic capacity and species diversification as well as speciation rates. We furthermore observed a shift in the relationships between photosynthetic capacity, evolutionary dynamics and prehistoric CO2 fluctuations about 30 million years ago. From this, we deduce strong links between photosynthetic capacity and evolutionary dynamics in C3 plants. We furthermore conclude that low CO2 environments in prehistory might have changed adaptive processes within the C3 photosynthetic pathway.
Establishing the minimum clinically important difference of the Quality of Life in Childhood Epilepsy Questionnaire
Authors: Leda Mariela , Puka Klajdi , Bax Karen , Gagnier Joel J. , Tassiopoulos Karina , Speechley Kathy Nixon 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) for the parent‐reported 55‐item Quality of Life in Childhood Epilepsy Questionnaire (QOLCE‐55) and its shortened 16‐item version, QOLCE‐16.MethodsData came from 74 children with epilepsy (CWE) (ages 4–10, mean age = 8 [SD = 1.8]) enrolled in the Making Mindfulness Matter in Epilepsy (M3‐E) trial, a pilot, parallel randomized‐controlled trial of a mindfulness‐based intervention. Both anchor‐based and distribution‐based methods were used to estimate MCID values for the QOLCE‐55 and QOLCE‐16. For the anchor‐based approach, the Patient Centered Global Ratings of Change (PCGRC) scale and linear regression analysis were used to estimate the MCID. For the distribution‐based approach, .5 SD of the health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) change score distribution was used to estimate the MCID.ResultsFor the QOLCE‐55, the MCID obtained using an anchor‐based approach was 10 points and using a distribution‐based method was 6 points. For the QOLCE‐16, the MCID obtained using an anchor‐based method was 13 points and using a distribution‐based method was 7 points.SignificanceThis is the first study to estimate MCID values for the QOLCE‐55 and the QOLCE‐16. It has been well documented that CWE are at risk of experiencing psychological, behavioral, and cognitive impairments, which can negatively impact their HRQOL. Reporting MCID values for the QOLCE‐55 and QOLCE‐16 is important in determining whether changes in HRQOL observed are meaningful to CWE themselves, as a key factor in shaping the nature of epilepsy care delivered.
Study on the Deformation and Energy Evolution of Skarn With Marble Band of Different Orientations Under Cyclic Loading: A Lab‐Scale Study
Authors: Wu Yunfeng , Wang Yu , Zhou Baokun , Li Changhong , Zhu Youdong , Sun Changkun , Tian Zicheng 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe aim of this work is to investigate the deformation and energy characteristics of skarn with different interlayer inclination angles under cyclic loading. The skarn samples with marble bands of various orientations (i.e., 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75°) were chosen as the test material. It is revealed from the testing results that the presence of interlayers changes the geomechanical properties of the rock, rock peak strength, and elastic modulus increases with increasing the interlayer inclination angle. Additionally, the growth rate of input energy exhibits an inverted “V” pattern with respect to the interlayer inclination angle. In terms of damage modes, intact marble and skarn predominantly exhibit tensile damage, whereas interlayered rocks exhibit a combination of tensile and shear failure pattern. Finally, a damage evolution model defined by axial strain is proposed and expressed to fit the experimental data. The results in this work would provide a crucial theoretical basis for the safety assessment of underground engineering constructions.
Fatal osmotic demyelination following urgent start hemodialysis in a patient with normal serum sodium
Authors: Sathiavageesan Subrahmanian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEnd stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients in the developing countries often present late for dialysis initiation with advanced uremia and life‐threatening complications. Urgent start dialysis in such emergent situations exposes the patient to risk of uremia related complications as well as iatrogenic insults. We report the case of a middle‐aged man with ESKD who presented late with acute pulmonary edema and hyperkalemia and developed osmotic demyelination syndrome following urgent start hemodialysis. Osmotic demyelination syndrome in this patient is noteworthy since there was no accompanying hyponatremia, the most commonly recognized antecedent. We propose that rapid lowering of serum osmolality by aggressive hemodialysis is sufficient to incite osmotic demyelination syndrome in patients who have long‐standing uremia and high blood urea level. Malnutrition resulting from uremia might be a compounding factor in this scenario. Our patient had a characteristic initial presentation of osmotic demyelination syndrome with locked‐in‐state which later progressed to respiratory failure and death.
Synergistic effects of alkaline and heat treatments on structural and functional properties of mung bean protein isolate: improving physicochemical stability of plant‐based emulsions
Authors: Limpisophon Kanokrat , Ma Xingfa , Sagis Leonard M. C. , Nonthakaew Athiya , Hirunrattana Pattariga 
Published: October 2024

SummaryPlant‐based meat alternatives often require fat replacers to mimic the texture of traditional products. This study aimed to develop plant‐based emulsion gels using mung bean protein isolate (MBPI) as a potential fat substitute. However, creating these gels via heat setting requires a high protein concentration, which demands modification of the MBPI structure to enhance emulsifying properties. This study investigated synergistic effects of alkaline treatment (0.3 or 3.5% Na2CO3) and heat treatments (40 or 70 °C) on the functional properties of MBPI at high protein levels, for potential application as a plant‐based emulsion. The combined treatments reduced the zeta potential of protein suspensions from −9 to −19 mV and altered the protein conformation to form smaller particles (from 426 to 166 μm) with increased β‐sheet content. These treatments improved dispersibility of 8% MBPI suspension (58 to 86%), emulsifying activity index (6.34–10.89 m2 g−1), and stability coefficient (43 to 96%). Notably, MBPI samples treated with 0.3% Na2CO3 at 40 and 70 °C exhibited excellent emulsifying properties, forming stable monolayers at the oil–water interface, likely due to the increased surface activity of MBPI. Increasing protein concentration to 11% facilitated heat‐set gel formation; however, addition of 3.5%‐Na2CO3 induced premature gelation, limiting its application in emulsions. At 0.3%‐Na2CO3, increasing the protein content from 8% to 11% and the oil content from 10% to 30% further reduced emulsion droplet size, especially for MBPI treated with 0.3% Na2CO3 at 70 °C (MB‐0.3%‐70 °C) from 5.10 to 2.61 μm, likely due to decreased coalescence. This treatment yielded superior MBPI‐stabilised emulsion gels with enhanced penetration, fluid retention, and stability by possibly reducing protein aggregation. These findings demonstrate the potential of MBPI modified by combined addition of 0.3% Na2CO3 and heat treatment, particularly MB‐0.3%‐70 °C, as a promising ingredient for producing plant‐based emulsions.
Decision regret after curative treatment and its association with the decision‐making process and quality of life for prostate cancer patients
Authors: Sato Miho , Osawa Takahiro , Nishioka Kentaro , Miyazaki Tomohiko , Takahashi Shuhei , Mori Takashi , Hashimoto Takayuki , Miyata Haruka , Matsumoto Ryuji , Abe Takashige , Ohashi Kazuki , Murai Sachiyo , Ito Yoichi M. , Shinohara Nobuo 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesTo determine how the treatment decision‐making process and posttreatment health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) are related to regret about treatment choice for prostate cancer patients in Japan.MethodsWe invited a total of 614 patients who were treated with radiation therapy (RT), radical prostatectomy (RP), or active surveillance/watchful waiting (AS/WW) from April 2007 to March 2021. Posttreatment regret was evaluated by the Decision Regret Scale. HRQOL was evaluated by the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite and the 12‐item Short Form Survey. The decision‐making process was assessed by patient evaluation of the decision‐making process. We compared the decision regret scale scores across treatment types, HRQOL, and decision‐making processes.ResultsData from 371 patients were analyzed (RT: 202, RP: 149, AS/WW: 20). The median length of time since treatment was 64 (IQR: 43–93) months. The decision regret scale scores were not significantly different among the treatment groups but were significantly greater (strong regret) in patients with poor urinary summary scores, bowel summary scores, and hormonal summary scores. The decision regret scale scores were significantly lower (less regret) for patients who reported being adequately informed at the time of the treatment decision and who had adequately communicated their questions and concerns to physicians than for patients who reported less adequate communication. This result was also observed among patients who reported low HRQOL scores.ConclusionsThese findings underline the important influence of posttreatment HRQOL and decision‐making as an interactive process between physicians and their patients on posttreatment regret in prostate cancer patients.