bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of lipid changes in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) spermatozoa during in-vitro capacitation and acrosome reaction
Authors: Kant* Ravi , Atreja S.K. , Hasan1 S.S. 
Published: December 2015

In this study, buffalo spermatozoa were in-vitro capacitated and acrosome reacted using modified Tyrode’s bicarbonate-buffered medium (sp-TALP media). Lipids were extracted from freshly ejaculated, in-vitro capacitated and acrosome reacted buffalo spermatozoa. The total lipid content of freshly ejaculated spermatozoa (171.5±2.90 µg/108 cells), capacitated spermatozoa (128.2±3.29 µg/108 cells) and acrosome reacted spermatozoa (115.7±2.04 µg/108 cells) were found significantly (P less than 0.05) different. During the process of capacitation and acrosome reaction (AR) there was substantial loss of total lipids. The total Lipid content of freshly ejaculated, capacitated and acrosome reacted spermatozoa were fractionated into three major classes namely, Phospholipids, Neutral lipids and Glycolipids. Among the classes of lipids; there was no change in concentration of glycolipids. Phospholipids in fresh, capacitated and acrosome reacted spermatozoa were 84.27±1.96, 58.40±2.40 and 50.51±1.27 µg/108 cells respectively. In case of Neutral lipids, the concentration were 33.63±2.62,22.55±1.86 and 11.61±0.87 µg/108 cells in fresh, capacitated and acrosome reacted spermatozoa respectively. The results generated by this study will be one step further to understand the lipid changes in buffalo spermatozoa during capacitation, acrosome reaction and fertilization process.
Further Evidence that Human Endogenous Retrovirus K102 is a Replication Competent Foamy Virus that may Antagonize HIV-1 Replication
Authors: Laderoute Marian P. , Larocque Louise J. , Giulivi Antonio , Diaz-Mitoma Francisco 
Published: December 2015

Objective:The goals of the research were to determine if a foamy effect on macrophages was due to human endogenous retrovirus K102 (HERV-K102) replication, and to further address its potential significance in HIV-1 infection.Methods:An RT-PCR HERV-K HML-2 pol method was used to screen the unknown HERV, and isolated bands were sent for sequencing. Confirmation of RNA expression was performed by a real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) pol ddCt method. Rabbit antibodies to Env peptides were used to assess expression by immunohistology and processing of Env by western blots. A qPCR pol ddCt method to ascertain genomic copy number was performed on genomic DNA isolated from plasma comparing HIV-1 exposed seronegative (HESN) commercial sex workers (CSW) to normal controls and contrasted with HIV-1 patients.Results:HERV-K102 expression, particle production and replication were associated with foamy macrophage generation in the cultures of cord blood mononuclear cells under permissive conditions. A five-fold increased HERV-K102 pol genomic copy number was found in the HESN cohort over normal which was not found in HIV-1 positive patients (p=0.0005).Conclusions:This work extends the evidence that HERV-K102 has foamy virus attributes, is replication competent, and is capable of high replication rate in vivo and in vitro. This may be the first characterization of a replication-competent, foamy-like virus of humans. High particle production inferred by increased integration in the HESN cohort over HIV-1 patients raises the issue of the clinical importance of HERV-K102 particle production as an early protective innate immune response against HIV-1 replication.
Formation of Fine and Coarse Grain Layer by Atmosphere Control in Case Hardening*
Authors: Ando T. , Inoue K. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Grain coarsening can cause decrease of the fatigue strength of carburized steel components. This artefact is considered to derive from a change in crack-initiation behaviour at the surface. However, grain coarsening can increase the hardenability of steel and thereby avoid the addition of alloying elements bringing about such hardenability. Thus, it is expected that steel with a dual-layer structure of a fine grain layer at the surface and a coarse grain layer in the inside achieves good fatigue strength and high hardenability while saving alloy elements. In this study, low pressure carburizing of JIS SCR420-Low N steels were carried out at 1323 K, both with and without the use of NH3 gas as a source of N to precipitate AlN. After carburizing without NH3 gas, only coarse grains were observed from the surface to the inside of the specimens. In contrast, after carburizing with NH3 gas, a dual layer structure with only fine grains at the surface and only coarse grains at the inside was observed. These results show that a dual-layer structure can be successfully obtained through the control of the AlN precipitation behavior by optimizing NH3 gas conditions during low pressure carburizing.
Jouer avec l’échelle du monde : la pratique de World of Warcraft sur un serveur privé
Authors: Zabban Vinciane 
Published: December 2015

Les jeux en ligne ont connu depuis les années 2000, parallèlement à la diffusion des usages d’Internet, un accroissement et une diversification conséquente de leur audience. Le succès de World of Warcraft (WoW) a ainsi souvent été décrit comme un phénomène participant d’une sorte « globalisation culturelle » de ce type de divertissement. Partant de travaux antérieurs concernant l’usage et la régulation de ces univers de jeu, ce texte s’appuie sur une enquête exploratoire pour interroger la pratique de WoW sur des serveurs privés, soit à la marge de la version officielle. L’exploration amène à souligner, plus qu’un désir de contestation des choix des concepteurs ou de réinterprétation du monde de jeu, le goût chez les joueurs rencontrés pour la plus petite échelle d’interaction que ces espaces présentent. Jouer avec l’échelle du monde de jeu favorise ainsi la formation d’entre-soi qui se développent dans espaces techniques locaux, mais restent ancrés dans l’infrastructure globale du jeu. La pratique du jeu sur des serveurs privés renvoie alors à un questionnement plus large vers la complexité avec laquelle s’articulent logiques locales et globales au travers des médiations numériques.
Les conservateurs de données satellitales
Authors: Claveras Gemma Cirac 
Published: December 2015

Les études sur la variabilité et les tendances du climat de la Terre nécessitent des séries de données sur le long-terme du fait qu’un bon nombre des changements environnementaux sont minuscules aux échelles annuelles ou décennales. La stabilité des données sur le long terme implique donc un travail de conservation des données collectées. Si cette agenda est bien établi, il est moins clair qui va s’en occuper dans le contexte qui est le nôtre, marqué par les sociétés de l’information. Nous retraçons l’évolution historique de la production, de l’archivage et de la diffusion des données satellitales en France entre 1960 et 2005, ce qui nous permet de montrer comment le travail de conservation des données satellitaires a progressivement été rendu invisible (aux yeux de certains) au sein d’une organisation sociotechnique qui s’est configurée et reconfigurée au cours des années. Ce papier explore donc l’organisation de la conservation de données satellitales et met en lumière un des enjeux pour les groupes qui sont mandatés pour une telle tâche : la reconnaissance sociale de leur travail.
Les objets numériques : perception des utilisateurs et tactiques d’appropriation
Authors: Guillemot Samuel , Gourmelen Andréa , Kovesi Klara , Tamaro Annick 
Published: December 2015

Une partie des objets autrefois tangibles, tels que les photos, les correspondances, les films et les musiques est aujourd’hui démocratisée sous forme numérique. Peut-on pour autant parler d’objets numériques ? Est-il possible de se les approprier ? Si oui, par quel(s) processus ? Cet article prend le parti d’aborder le numérique en termes d’objets, supports de diverses formes d’appropriation et de manipulations. Ces questions ne sont pas dénuées d’intérêt ; en témoigne le cas du célèbre acteur américain Bruce Willis qui a menacé de poursuivre en justice la société Apple quand il s’est rendu compte qu’il ne pouvait pas transmettre sa bibliothèque iTunes à ses enfants.
Vessel Density Calculated from OCT Angiography in 3 Peripapillary Sectors in Normal, Ocular Hypertensive, and Glaucoma Eyes
Authors: Holló Gábor 
Published: December 2015

Purpose Disturbed peripapillary microcirculation may have a role in the development of glaucoma. Recently, using noninvasive optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography with the AngioVue OCT (Optovue Inc., ­Fremont, CA, USA), reduced peripapillary vessel density was found in glaucoma. In this case series, we investigate the relationship between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) damage and peripapillary angioflow density (PAFD, % of the analyzed retinal area) in the superotemporal (ST), inferotemporal (IT), and temporal (T) peripapillary sectors in normal, ocular hypertensive (OHT), and primary open-angle glaucoma eyes. Case report The AngioVue OCT and the 2015.100.0.33 software version was used for PAFD measurements. The PAFD in the radial peripapillary capillary layer was similar (approximately 60%) in all 3 sectors in healthy eyes. In glaucoma with severe ST and/or IT RNFL defect, PAFD declined to 32%-45% in the damaged sectors but remained above 55% in the T sector. In the OHT eyes with no visual field defect and no RNFL sector outside the normal limits but with mild ST or IT RNFL damage, PAFD declined to 54% in the involved sector in all cases, while it remained around 60% in the other sectors. Conclusions Our cases suggest that PADF measurements can identify decreased peripapillary perfusion early in the glaucomatous RNFL thinning process, prior to the development of clinically significant RNFL damage and visual field deterioration. Decreased PAFD corresponds spatially with the damaged RNFL bundles. The results suggest that prospective studies using PAFD may help to understand the role of vascular dysfunction in glaucoma.
Dexamethasone Implant in Pseudophakic and Nonglaucomatous Subgroup of Diabetic Macular Edema Patients: A Real Life Experience
Authors: Ozkaya Abdullah , Alagoz Cengiz , Alagoz Nese , Gunes Hasan , Yilmaz Ihsan , Perente Irfan , Yazici Ahmet T. , Taskapili Muhittin 
Published: December 2015

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal dexamethasone implant (IDI) for the treatment of persistent diabetic macular edema (DME) in a subgroup of pseudophakic and nonglaucomatous eyes over a 12-month follow-up period. Methods This was a retrospective, interventional study. Patients with persistent DME who were pseudophakic and did not have a glaucoma or ocular hypertension history, or a family history of glaucoma, were included. After an initial IDI injection, reinjections were performed on an as-needed basis. Changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), intraocular pressure (IOP), and number of injections at month 12 were evaluated. Results The study included 50 eyes of 43 patients. Mean BCVA at baseline and at months 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 were 0.22 ± 0.17, 0.31 ± 0.21, 0.25 ± 0.17, 0.25 ± 0.17, and 0.29 ± 0.19 Snellen equivalent, respectively (p<0.05 for all). Mean CRT at baseline and at months 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 were 606 ± 202 μm, 330 ± 97 μm, 347 ± 104 μm, 405 ± 149 μm, 383 ± 129 μm, and 397 ± 144 μm, respectively (p<0.0001 for all). Seven of the 50 eyes (14 %) showed an increase in IOP of ≥10 mm Hg and only 2 of them (4%) needed chronic antiglaucoma medication. The mean number of injections at month 12 was 2.04 ± 0.5. Conclusions In pseudophakic and nonglaucomatous eyes with DME, IDI was found to be beneficial in regard to visual and anatomic success and seemed safe in this selected group of patients.
Rationale and Protocol of CML Study: Cognitive and Emotional Impact of Discontinuation of Therapy in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Riva Silvia , Mazzocco Ketti , Pravettoni Gabriella 
Published: December 2015

Introduction Discontinuation of therapy can be proposed to patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) who reach a sustained deep molecular response (DMR) for a minimum and stable period. Today, a considerable number of patients reach a sustained DMR, especially when they are treated with the latest drugs. Although new-generation treatments may provide significant improvement in terms of patient health and health-related quality of life, many patients are uncertain about discontinuation and may refuse a treatment switch. Methods This study is an observational research project aimed at investigating, from a psychological point of view, possible cognitive and emotional components that can influence treatment discontinuation and treatment decisions in a cohort sample of 120 CML patients. Results The expected results indicate that cognitive and emotional factors may influence decision-making in this setting and may prevent appropriate risk-and-benefit evaluation of new treatment approaches. Conclusions This is the first study that will analyze in depth all possible psychological variables that can interfere with the medical decision process of treatment discontinuation in CML, providing new insights for clinical practice.
The taxonomy, life cycle and pathology of Sarcoptes scabiei and Notoedres cati (Acarina, Sarcoptidae): A review in a Fennoscandian wildlife perspective
Authors: Kraabøl Morten , Gundersen Vegard , Fangel Kirstin , Olstad Kjetil 
Published: December 2015

Mites constitute an old cosmopolitan group, abundant in various terrestrial and aquatic habitats of considerable environmental variations. The majority of mites are free-living, whereas some have evolved parasitic relationships with a variety of animals either as endo- or ectoparasites. The ectoparasitic and skin burrowing Sarcoptes scabiei and Notoedres cati, cause sarcoptic and notoedric mange among a variety of mammalian species, including humans. In a non-adequate host these mites lead to pseudo-scabies which is often self-curable. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent knowledge on the taxonomy, life cycles and pathology of these two mites, which are of relevance to Fennoscandian wildlife, by considering knowledge on transmission vectors, host immunology, and some documented outbreaks. These mites affect the health and survival of mammals in four ways; 1) skin tissue damages, 2) loss of body fluids, 3) allergic reactions and 4) secondary bacterial infections. A short-term effect of outbreaks is usually high mortality, and long-term effects vary from extinction to biased population structure to no effect at all. Red foxes are generalist predators that are important end-hosts for mites that develop disease depending on their immunity status, and transmit mites to other hosts. Outbreaks of mange may possibly have ecological consequences on a wider scale. In an endangered species, like the arctic fox or Eurasian lynx, loss of only a few individuals can be critical. It might be wise for management authorities to develop emergency plans to minimize consequences of outbreaks of sarcoptic or notoedric mange in threatened species such as the arctic fox and the lynx.
Increasing Learning Potential in Entry Level Nutrition Students through Online Tutorial
Authors: Litchford April , Wengreen Heidi 
Published: December 2015

<p>The objective of this study was to assess whether implementation of an online tutoring program, MasteringNutrition©, would produce measurable gains in student learning outcomes. Research conducted by Pearson©, the creator of MasteringNutrition©, indicates that the inclusion of Mastering© tutoring programs into existing courses has the ability to increase student performance on assessments and total course grades. Students of a general education, nutrition course were invited to participate in this study: spring of 2013 (no Mastering; n=182), fall of 2013 (Mastering; n=86), and spring of 2014 (Mastering; n=410). NDFS 1020 is an introductory nutrition course taught in a blended style. Course structure includes course lectures (60% of instruction time) and online assignments (40% of instruction time), Mastering© is included as part of required assignments. Learning outcome progress was measured by questions on a pre-semester quiz, final exam, and posttest six months after course completion. Assessments measured student progress based on course learning objectives. Results of statistical tests reported no significant difference in test scores for each group over time. Students who scored lower than the mean on the pretest and used the Mastering© program demonstrated greater improvements in final and posttest scores compared to those who scored higher than the mean on the pretest (p=&lt;.001). Implementation of online tutoring program did not significantly improve overall student outcomes. Online tutorial programs may be helpful for students who are enrolled in courses where they have little prior knowledge of subject matter.</p><p> </p>
Un diálogo entre naturaleza y libertad en el horizonte del ser. Kant y Heidegger
Authors: Garrido Periñán Juan José 
Published: December 2015

Kant intentó resolver la cuestión del ser: ésta no puede constituirse como un predicado real. La importancia de la intuición (sensibilidad), que circunda la primera crítica kantiana, parece dejar la cuestión en un estado de ambigüedad. Por eso, bajo un horizonte que se ha preocupado por aunar naturaleza y libertad, hemos intentado promover una interpretación fenomenológica para recuperar la noción del ser mismo, a fin de perseguir: a) una comprensión radical de la finitud de la subjetividad humana; b) la interpretación de la naturaleza en tanto facticidad de la misma vida, en una relación con la tarea fenomenológica heideggeriana; c) la noción de libertad no como espontaneidad absoluta, sino como actividad que permite llevar a término lo que se da, el ser.
Tiempo de decisión: Heidegger y Benjamin en torno al tiempo
Authors: Marzan Trujillo Carlos , Hernández Jorge Marcos 
Published: December 2015

Resumen: en este artículo se exponen las críticas que Benjamin esbozó a las tesis de Heidegger sobre el tiempo y la historia. Asimismo se muestra como, a partir de un mismo contexto histórico, se plantean dos concepciones del tiempo y de la historia radicalmente diferentes.
Simone Weil, Reflexiones sobre las causas de la libertad y de la opresión social
Authors: Gómez Vaquero Alberto 
Published: December 2015

La editorial Trotta ha publicado el opúsculo titulado «Reflexiones sobre las causas de la libertad y de la opresión social» (Trotta, 2015), una obra que Simone Weil terminó de escribir en 1934 y cuya primera parte —una crítica al marxismo— apareció por primera vez esbozada en forma de artículo en La CritiqueEl propósito principal de esta obra, tal y como anuncia su título, no es otro que el de captar el mecanismo de la opresión en las condiciones materiales de la organización social.
Molecular investigations of prevalence of human papillomavirus in Lithuania
Authors: Ambrasienė Daiva , Paulauskas Algimantas , Girdauskaitė Neringa , Gudlevičienė Živilė 
Published: December 2015

HPV is one of the major risk factors of cervical cancer and precancerous changes. Infection with its oncogenic types determines a faster progress of pre-cancer changes. Women infected with oncogenic HPV types or multiple HPV infection must be under careful observation of a gynaecologist. The aim of this article is to identify infection of women who have various cytological changes in the cervix with the HPV and its genotypes by means of molecular methods. A total of 99 women took part in the investigation (the experimental group is 33 women, the control group is 66). Flat epithelium cells from the cervix were taken to determine HPV, and DNA was isolated from all samples. The isolated DNA was studied to determine general HPV, and positive samples were genotyped (HV6/11, HPV16, HPV18, HPV31, HPV33, HPV45 and HPV59) by multiplex PCR. Having carried out HPV tests, twice as high incidence rate of infection with HPV in the experimental group than that in the control group was established (40 and 21%, respectively). High cancer risk HPV genotypes were determined in 62% of women in the experimental group, whereas in the control group oncogenic HPVs of HPV16 and HPV31 genotypes were identified in 36% of women. Double HPV infection was diagnosed in 4 women in the experimental group, which can determine a faster progress of pre-cancer intra-epithelial lesions.
Effect of animal species on muscle colour characteristics
Authors: Razmaitė Violeta , Jatkauskienė Virginija , Bajorinaitė Aušra , Šveistienė Rūta , Šiukščius Artūras 
Published: December 2015

The objective of the study was to determine and compare the colour characteristics as a distinctive biological feature of animals from different domestic and wild animal species. Colour measurements were made on the fresh cuts of <i>m. longissimus</i> of pigs, beef cattle, red deer, rabbit, brown hare, on the <i>m. pectoralis profundus</i> of horse, on the <i>m. pectoralis major</i> of goose and on the hind leg muscles of red deer, rabbit, brown hare and goose within 5 min of blooming. CIE colour expressions, such as lightness (L*), redness (a*), yellowness (b*), chroma (C) and hue angle (h) were measured using a chromameter CR-410. Differences in colour parameters of different muscles within species were negligible, but species highly affected all studied parameters. Rabbit and pig showed the highest meat lightness. Brown hare and red deer showed the highest redness and colour saturation followed by beef and horse, but the highest meat yellowness was in rabbit and horse followed by pig. Negative Pearson’s correlation coefficients between the meat pH and colour parameters were found in pork and beef, however, no significant correlations were estimated between these traits in meat of red deer, horse and rabbit.
O processo de formação didático‑pedagógica em saúde: aprendizagens percebidas na voz dos pós‑graduandos
Authors: Abensur Patricia Lima Dubeux , Carvalho Gabrielle Passarini Mendes de , Ruiz‑Moreno Lídia 
Published: December 2015

Introdução: O presente estudo integra o projeto “Formação de professor: estratégia dialógica problematizadora com uso de ambiente virtual de aprendizagem”, desenvolvido na disciplina de Formação Didático Pedagógica em Saúde (FDPS), ofertada pelo Centro de Desenvolvimento do Ensino Superior em Saúde (CEDESS) da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), no formato bimodal (presencial e a distância). Objetivo: Analisar as aprendizagens construídas pelos pós‑graduandos no processo de formação docente ao longo da disciplina FDPS. Métodos: Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram onze profissionais de diversas áreas da saúde. Para a coleta de dados, foi solicitada a cada pós‑graduando, antes do início da disciplina, uma carta de apresentação, manifestando as suas expectativas e, ao término da disciplina, uma autoavaliação, sobre as aprendizagens construídas durante o processo. A análise temática partiu dos seguintes núcleos orientadores: expectativas Iniciais, aprendizagens construídas e perspectivas futuras na docência. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes manifestou aintenção de conhecer técnicas de transmissão de conteúdos com centralidade no docente, em menor proporção também foi expressoo desejo de compartilhar informações e refletir sobre o cenário da educação e da saúde no país. No núcleo, aprendizagens construídas, os pós‑graduandos valorizaram as estratégias utilizadas no decorrer da disciplina, destacando a construção e apresentação do planejamento educacional em grupos multiprofissionais. Nas perspectivas futuras, muitos demonstraram o reconhecimento de continuar sua formação docente para melhor exercício da profissão. Conclusão: A educação permanente do processo de formação docente parece ser uma demanda crescente, o que valoriza essa atividade e sua profissionalização.