bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le paysage durant le Néolithique dans le Nord de la France : nouvelles données polliniques sur le subboréal
Authors: Boulen Muriel 
Published: September 2016

Ces dernières années, des interventions d’archéologie préventive nous ont donné l’occasion d’aborder des contextes particuliers de bords de berges anciennes, où les conditions de piégeage et de conservation du pollen étaient propices à leur analyse. De plus, ces couches étant datées par du matériel archéologique -Néolithique moyen et récent et âge du Bronze dans le cas de ces études -le calage chronologique y est bien plus précis et plus fiable que dans des séquences en contextes naturels, où les attributions chronologiques sont basées sur des corrélations et des datations radiocarbones.
L’étude des séquences de Bazoches-sur-Vesle " Le Muisemont" (Aisne) et de Houplin-Ancoisne " Le Marais de Santes" (Nord) nous a ainsi permis d’appréhender l’environnement végétal durant le Subboréal, témoignant ici d’une grande stabilité du paysage par rapport à la période précédente, à savoir l’Atlantique, contemporaine du Mésolithique récent et du Néolithique ancien/ moyen.
L’enceinte Michelsberg de Crécy-sur-Serre (Aisne, France). Présentation préliminaire
Authors: Naze Gilles 
Published: September 2016

The site is located on a low plateau next to the river Serre, a tributary of the Oise. The ditch, only feature dating from middle Neolithic II, is 850 metres long and delineates three sides of a sub-rectangular area of about fifteen hectares. It is formed by a succession of segments of very variable length. The eastern end of the ditch coincides with a locally marked escarpment, while there is no topographic break between the western end and the alluvial zone. The section and dimensions of the ditch show considerable variation, rendering unlikely the presence of a regular bank along the whole length of the enclosure. No traces of an internal palissade were preserved. Various domestic features were observed in the ditch fill, including an oven, hearths and a feature with burnt stones. Most finds come from the western part. As well as classic domestic waste, there are deposits which seem to reflect more symbolic behaviour. The ceramic typology offers numerous comparisons with the early Michelsberg sites of the Aisne and Vesle valleys, further to the south. Some vessels are of Chasséen inspiration and are more comparable with finds from ditched sites in the Oise, defining the early northern Chasséen. However, use of moss and burnt flint as pottery temper indicates a technological connection with Belgium and the Nord -Pas-de-Calais region. The flint industry includes blades, which is a characteristic of
Michelsberg.
Les fosses à profil « en V-Y-W » / Schlitzgruben : retour sur une énigme
Authors: Achard-Corompt Nathalie , Auxiette Ginette , Fromont Nicolas , Ghesquière Emmanuel , Giazzon David , Kasprzyk Michel , Marcigny Cyril , Riquier Vincent 
Published: September 2016

D ieses Poster wurde gemeinsam mit einem anderem Poster (vgl. K. Fechner et al.) ausgearbeitet, um die archäologischen und umweltlichen Aspekte der Gräben mit V-Profil oder Schlitzgruben zu veranschaulichen. Die Untersuchungen in der Champagne und der Normandie zeigen, dass es sich um ein Phänomen handelt, das sich nicht auf ein weites Territorium in Nordfrankreich beschränkt, sondern auch Mittel-und Westeuropa berührt, zudem betrifft es eine sehr lange Zeitspanne, vom Beginn des Neolithikums bis zum Beginn der Bronzezeit. Einige Fallstudien bieten die Möglichkeit, die morphologische Variabilität dieser Gräben zu präzisieren,
den Rhythmus ihrer Nutzung und die Umgebung, in der sie ausgehoben wurden. Seit einem Jahrhundert wird ihre Funktion diskutiert, hauptsächlich aufgrund ihrer Unergiebigkeit in Hinsicht auf archäologisches Material. Die zahlreichen neuen umweltlichen und archäologischen Daten und ethnoarchäologischen Belegen lassen die Frage aufkommen, ob es sich hier um Fallen für wilde Pflanzenfresser gehandelt haben könnte. Diese Hypothese muss mit höchster Aufmerksamkeit überprüft werden.
Brumetz "La Grange Coeuret", Aisne : un site producteur de lames au Néolithique ancien identifié dans la collection de surface de Mr. Fossé
Authors: Bostyn Françoise 
Published: September 2016

Cet article présente un mobilier issu de ramassages de surface provenant de la collection privée de Mr Fossé. Le secteur géographique couvert par ce prospecteur s’étend dans la vallée de l’Ourcq et sur les plateaux environnants entre la confluence avec la Marne et la limite de département où le cours de l’Ourcq change
brusquement d’orientation, mais seul le site de Brumetz est présenté ici. Le mobilier dont plus de mille artefacts ont été étudiés rassemble à la fois des témoins d’une production laminaire en silex bartonien (nucléus à lame, entretien, produits de débitage) et un abondant outillage sur éclat au sein duquel le tranchet est largement dominant. La richesse et la qualité des artefacts récoltés permettent d’envisager l’existence d’un nouveau site producteur de lames Villeneuve-Saint-Germain, comparable à celui d’Ocquerre.
Les fermes d’Herneuse à Verberie (Oise). Deux fermes voisines des XVIe-début XVIIIe siècles
Authors: Bruley-Chabot Gaëlle , Clavel Benoît , Jouanin Gaëtan , Facquez Dorothée , Legros Vincent , Bernard Jean-Louis 
Published: September 2016

Deux fermes, des XVIe siècle-début XVIIIe siècle, ont été fouillées au nord de Verberie, entre l’Oise et la forêt royale de Compiègne. Bien qu’arasés, les vestiges permettent la reconnaissance de l’organisation des fermes, de leur mobilier céramique et métallique (vaisselle et outils) et des témoignages liés au bétail et à l’alimentation carnée. Quelques éléments documentaires, recueillis aux archives départementales, ont permis d’étayer les hypothèses quant à la nature et la fonction des vestiges reconnus à la fouille et d’initier un panorama historique de l’environnement de ces établissements. De statuts différents, propriété ecclésiastique pour l’une et civile pour l’autre, elles ont fait l’objet de baux successifs dont seules de rares mentions ont été
pour l’heure retrouvées. Ces exemples archéologiques sont rares, ils apparaissent, à leur échelle, comme des illustrations des fermes du Valois de l’époque moderne, compris entre la période de crise du XVe siècle et la phase de concentration foncière de la fin du XVIIe siècle.
Nitrogen addition does not influence pre‐infection partner choice in the legume–rhizobium symbiosis
Authors: Grillo Michael A. , Stinchcombe John R. , Heath Katy D. 
Published: September 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Resource mutualisms such as the symbiosis between legumes and nitrogen‐fixing rhizobia are context dependent and are sensitive to various aspects of the environment, including nitrogen (N) addition. Mutualist hosts such as legumes are also thought to use mechanisms such as partner choice to discriminate among potential symbionts that vary in partner quality (fitness benefits conferred to hosts) and thus impose selection on rhizobium populations. Together, context dependency and partner choice might help explain why the legume–rhizobium mutualism responds evolutionarily to N addition, since plant‐mediated selection that shifts in response to N might be expected to favor different rhizobium strains in different N environments.METHODS:We test for the influence of context dependency on partner choice in the model legume, Medicago truncatula, using a factorial experiments with three plant families across three N levels with a mixed inoculation of three rhizobia strains.KEY RESULTS:Neither the relative frequencies of rhizobium strains occupying host nodules, nor the size of those nodules, differed in response to N level.CONCLUSIONS:Despite the lack of context dependence, plant genotypes respond very differently to mixed populations of rhizobia, suggesting that these traits are genetically variable and thus could evolve in response to longer‐term increases in N.
Salix transect of Europe: patterns in the most abundant chrysomelid beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) herbivores of willow from Greece to Arctic Norway
Authors: Canty Roy , Ruzzier Enrico , Cronk Quentin , Percy Diana 
Published: September 2016

Chrysomelid beetles associated with willow (Salix spp.) were surveyed at 41 sites across Europe, from Greece (lat. 38.8 °N) to arctic Norway (lat. 69.7 °N).
In all, 34 willow-associated chrysomelid species were encountered, of which eight were very abundant. The abundant species were: Crepidodera aurata Marsham, 1802 at 27 sites, Phratora vitellinae (Linnaeus, 1758) at 21 sites, Galerucella lineola (Fabricius, 1781) at 19 sites, Crepidodera fulvicornis (Fabricius, 1792) at 19 sites, Plagiodera versicolora (Laicharting, 1781) at 11 sites, Crepidodera plutus (Latreille, 1804) at nine sites, Chrysomela vigintipunctata Scopoli, 1763 at nine sites and Gonioctena pallida (Linnaeus, 1758) at eight sites. The mean number of willow associated chrysomelid morphospecies at each site was 4.2. Around 20% of the total variance in chrysomelid distribution could be accounted for by latitude, but this is mainly due to distinctive occurrence patterns at the northern and southern parts of the transect. There was a paucity of chrysomelids at Greek sites and a distinctively northern faunal composition at sites north of Poland. Considerable site-to-site variation in colour was noted, except in G. lineola, which was chromatically invariant.
Taxonaut: an application software for comparative display of multiple taxonomies with a use case of GBIF Species API
Authors: Ytow Nozomi 
Published: September 2016

The Species API of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) provides public access to taxonomic data aggregated from multiple data sources. Each data source follows its own classification which can be inconsistent with classifications from other sources. Even with a reference classification e.g. the GBIF Backbone taxonomy, a comprehensive method to compare classifications in the data aggregation is essential, especially for non-expert users.
A Java application was developed to compare multiple taxonomies graphically using classification data acquired from GBIF’s ChecklistBank via the GBIF Species API. It uses a table to display taxonomies where each column represents a taxonomy under comparison, with an aligner column to organise taxa by name. Each cell contains the name of a taxon if the classification in that column contains the name. Each column also has a cell showing the hierarchy of the taxonomy by a folder metaphor where taxa are aligned and synchronised in the aligner column. A set of those comparative tables shows taxa categorised by relationship between taxonomies. The result set is also available as tables in an Excel format file.
Determinants of participation and intensity of participation in collective action: evidence from smallholder avocado farmers in Kenya
Authors: Gyau A. , Mbugua M. , Oduol J. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Access to markets is one important strategy which can assist smallholder farmers to move out of poverty. Collective action through farmers’ groups has been identified as a strategy to improve the participation of farmers in markets. This study analyzes the determinants of participation and intensity of participation of collective action in production and marketing of avocado in Kenya. Group participation and the intensity were modelled as a binary choice decision and analyzed using logit models. Interviews were conducted with 301 farmers in avocado production zones in Kenya. The result showed that age, education, gender and perceptions on knowledge and improved technology influence farmers’ decision to participate in group activities. Occupation, area of residence and farmers’ perception on knowledge and improved technology use, and economic benefits had a significant influence on the intensity of participation. We conclude that it is crucial to educate farmers through trainings, workshops and seminars before group formation in order to ensure that they understand the importance and impacts of collective action. Finally, development practitioners and government organizations which intend to intervene through farmers’ groups should understand farmers’ perceptions and hence expectations from the groups.
Science learning motivation as correlate of students’ academic performances
Authors: P. Libao Nhorvien Jay , B. Sagun Jessie John , Tamangan Elvira A. , P. Pattalitan Agaton , D. Dupa Maria Elena , Bautista Romiro Gordo 
Published: September 2016

This study was designed to analyze the relationship of students’ learning motivation and their academic performances in science. The study made use of 21 junior and senior Biological Science students to conclude on the formulated research problems. The respondents had a good to very good motivation in learning science. In general, the extent of their motivation do not vary across their sex, age, and curriculum year. Moreover, the respondents had good academic performances in science. Aptly, extrinsic motivation was found to be related with their academic performances among the indicators of motivations in learning science.
Potential Effects of Drought on Carrying Capacity for Wintering Waterfowl in the Central Valley of California
Authors: Petrie Mark J. , Fleskes Joseph P. , Wolder Mike A. , Isola Craig R. , Yarris Gregory S. , Skalos Daniel A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe used the bioenergetics model TRUEMET to evaluate potential effects of California's recent drought on food supplies for waterfowl wintering in the Central Valley under a range of habitat and waterfowl population scenarios. In nondrought years in the current Central Valley landscape, food supplies are projected to be adequate for waterfowl from fall through early spring (except late March) even if waterfowl populations reach North American Waterfowl Management Plan goals. However, in all drought scenarios that we evaluated, food supplies were projected to be exhausted for ducks by mid- to late winter and by late winter or early spring for geese. For ducks, these results were strongly related to projected declines in winter-flooded rice fields that provide 45% of all the food energy available to ducks in the Central Valley in nondrought water years. Delayed flooding of some managed wetlands may help alleviate food shortages by providing wetland food resources better timed with waterfowl migration and abundance patterns in the Central Valley, as well as reducing the amount of water needed to manage these habitats. However, future research is needed to evaluate the impacts of delayed flooding on waterfowl hunting, and whether California's existing water delivery system would make delayed flooding feasible. Securing adequate water supplies for waterfowl and other wetland-dependent birds is among the greatest challenges facing resource managers in coming years, especially in the increasingly arid western United States.
Antigen Targeting to Human HLA Class II Molecules Increases Efficacy of DNA Vaccination
Authors: Grodeland Gunnveig , Fredriksen Agnete Brunsvik , Løset Geir Åge , Vikse Elisabeth , Fugger Lars , Bogen Bjarne 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
It has been difficult to translate promising results from DNA vaccination in mice to larger animals and humans. Previously, DNA vaccines encoding proteins that target Ag to MHC class II (MHC-II) molecules on APCs have been shown to induce rapid, enhanced, and long-lasting Ag-specific Ab titers in mice. In this study, we describe two novel DNA vaccines that as proteins target HLA class II (HLA-II) molecules. These vaccine proteins cross-react with MHC-II molecules in several species of larger mammals. When tested in ferrets and pigs, a single DNA delivery with low doses of the HLA-II–targeted vaccines resulted in rapid and increased Ab responses. Importantly, painless intradermal jet delivery of DNA was as effective as delivery by needle injection followed by electroporation. As an indication that the vaccines could also be useful for human application, HLA-II–targeted vaccine proteins were found to increase human CD4+ T cell responses by a factor of ×103 in vitro. Thus, targeting of Ag to MHC-II molecules may represent an attractive strategy for increasing efficacy of DNA vaccines in larger animals and humans.
Antigen-Specific Immune Modulation Targets mTORC1 Function To Drive Chemokine Receptor–Mediated T Cell Tolerance
Authors: Chen Weirong , Wan Xiaoxiao , Ukah Tobechukwu K. , Miller Mindy M. , Barik Subhasis , Cattin-Roy Alexis N. , Zaghouani Habib 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
To contain autoimmunity, pathogenic T cells must be eliminated or diverted from reaching the target organ. Recently, we defined a novel form of T cell tolerance whereby treatment with Ag downregulates expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 and prevents diabetogenic Th1 cells from reaching the pancreas, leading to suppression of type 1 diabetes (T1D). This report defines the signaling events underlying Ag-induced chemokine receptor-mediated tolerance. Specifically, we show that the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a major target for induction of CXCR3 downregulation and crippling of Th1 cells. Indeed, Ag administration induces upregulation of programmed death-ligand 1 on dendritic cells in a T cell–dependent manner. In return, programmed death-ligand 1 interacts with the constitutively expressed programmed death-1 on the target T cells and stimulates docking of Src homology 2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase 2 phosphatase to the cytoplasmic tail of programmed death-1. Active Src homology 2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase 2 impairs the signaling function of the PI3K/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway, leading to functional defect of mTORC1, downregulation of CXCR3 expression, and suppression of T1D. Thus, mTORC1 component of the metabolic pathway serves as a target for chemokine receptor-mediated T cell tolerance and suppression of T1D.
Antigen-Specific Development of Mucosal Foxp3+RORγt+ T Cells from Regulatory T Cell Precursors
Authors: Solomon Benjamin D. , Hsieh Chyi-Song 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Foxp3+retinoic acid–related orphan receptor (ROR)γt+ T cells have recently been characterized as an immunoregulatory population highly enriched in the colon lamina propria. However, their developmental origin and relationship to RORγt− regulatory T and Th17 cells remain unclear. In this study, we use a fixed TCRβ system to show that the TCR repertoire of the Foxp3+RORγt+ population is mostly distinct compared with other colonic T cell subsets. However, of these TCRs, a fraction is also found in the Th17 subset, suggesting that TCR repertoire overlap may contribute to the reported ability of Foxp3+RORγt+ cells to regulate Th17 immunity. Naive transgenic T cells expressing a Foxp3+RORγt+-restricted TCR first acquire a Foxp3+RORγt− phenotype before coexpressing RORγt, suggesting that Foxp3+RORγt+ cell development can occur via an RORγt− regulatory T cell intermediate.
Political economy and citizen empowerment: Strategies and challenges of Emiratisation in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Thompson Paul , Wissink Henry 
Published: September 2016

Orientation: The United Arab Emirates’ labour market by design is inclined to exclude generally the Emirati population from active participation in the private sector, in order to take advantage of cheap labour primarily from South Asia.Research purpose: The aim of this article was to explain, using labour market segmentation theory, how the present epoch of free market capitalism in the ‘minority state’ of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has socially excluded its’ citizens.Motivation for the study: The pro-national Emiratisation or employment policy project implemented by the federal government in 1998 provided an opportunity for UAE citizens to be fully absorbed in the private and public sectors. Researching the process as it unfolded, insights are unearthed as to why Emirati citizens are still on the periphery of the country’s labour market.Research design, approach and method: The article employed a qualitative methodology using the UAE as a single case study.Main findings: The research on the UAE’s Emiratisation or labour nationalisation policies found that there are a number of systemic and structural barriers that have hampered the successful implementation of government policies in both the private and public sectors.Practical/managerial implications: Policy makers need to be able to differentiate between the systemic, structural and institutional factors that have stymied government’s attempt at addressing the country’s demographic imbalance and the social exclusion of Emirati citizens from the labour market.Contribution/value-add: This research has filled a gap in literature on the theme, and has also deviated from earlier research findings on the barriers to achieving policy targets.
Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis Without Previous History of Visceral Leishmaniasis
Authors: Hasnain Golam , Shomik Mohammad Sohel , Ghosh Prakash , Rashid Mamun Or , Hossain Shakhawat , Hamano Shinjiro , Mondal Dinesh 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) without previous visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a rare dermatological manifestation of Leishmania infection. To date, most of the reported cases neither showed parasitological confirmation nor explained the outcome of treatment. Herein, we report three confirmed cases that were were successfully cured after miltefosine treatment.