bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Should Body Mass Index Affect the Choice of Probe Frequency in the Clinical Assessment of Varicose Veins Using Hand-Held Doppler?
Authors: Kent P. J. , Weston M. J. 
Published: January 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether an increased body mass index should influence the choice of continuous-wave Doppler probe frequency in the clinical assessment of patients with varicose veins. Design: Prospective assessment of the effect of raised body mass index on the accuracy of clinical assessment of venous reflux using 4 and 8 MHz Doppler probes compared with duplex scanning. Setting: The ultrasound department of a university teaching hospital. Patients: Seventy-two patients with symptomatic primary varicose veins (108 limbs), who had not undergone previous injection sclerotherapy or surgical treatment. Main outcome measures: Measurement of body mass index and assessment of reflux with hand-held Doppler using 4 and 8 MHz probes immediately followed by duplex scanning. Results: There was no significant difference between the 4 and 8 MHz Doppler probes in the accuracy of detection of reflux at the sapheno-femoral junction, in the long saphenous vein or at the sapheno-popliteal junction in the whole patient group or in the obese subgroup. Conclusion: Body mass index should not influence the choice of probe frequency (between 4 and 8 MHz) in the clinical assessment of patients with primary previously untreated varicose veins.
A Double-Blind Comparative Study with Dolo-Neurobion® and its Separate Constituents in the Treatment of Polyneuritis
Authors: Reyes-Armijo E 
Published: January 2017

A double-blind study was carried out with Dolo-Neurobion® and matching tablets containing: the vitamin B combination, and the metamizol component of the preparation. Forty-five patients suffering from polyneuritis were each treated with eight tablets a day for fourteen days. All fifteen patients who received Dolo-Neurobion were free from pain after treatment but this result was not observed in the patients treated with the vitamin combination alone nor with the metamizol component of the preparation. Dolo-Neurobion also proved more successful after the first half of the treatment (one week), the degree of pain being reduced more significantly than with the other two forms of medication.
Sites of Action of a New Muscle Relaxant (Baclofen, Lioresal®, Ciba 34 647–Ba)
Authors: Fehr H U , Bein H J 
Published: January 2017

Baclofen exerts a pronounced muscle-relaxant effect in non-anaesthetized animals. It reduces experimental rigidity in surgically and in anaemically decerebrated cats. It decreases monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflex transmission, as well as post-tetanic potentiation of the monosynaptic mass reflex in about the same dosage range. It reduces the activity of γ-moioneurones. It has no effect on neuromuscular transmission or on the sensory input from de-efferented muscle spindles and from slowly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors. The compound affords protection against convulsions induced by thiosemicarbazide and pentetrazole but not against those due to electric shock strychnine or picrotoxin.
Oxprenolol in Hypertension: A Report on 187 Patients in General Practice Originally Treated with Clonidine
Authors: Forrest W A 
Published: January 2017

Substitution, in part or totally, of the β- receptor antagonist, oxprenolol, for clonidine in 187 hypertensive patients resulted in significant reduction in blood pressure levels, particularly of systolic pressure. The incidence of unwanted side-effects was markedly reduced, with an accompanying improvement in the quality of the patient's life.
Topical Treatment of Eczema with Triamcinolone Acetonide Benzoyl-β-Amino-Isobutyrate: A Double-Blind Comparison with Betamethasone Dipropionate
Authors: Roessei F E 
Published: January 2017

The results are reported of a double-blind study of the topical efficacy of triamcinolone acetonide benzoyl-β-amino-isobutyrate (TBI), in 21 patients with symmetrically paired lesions of acute eczema. The effects were compared with those of betamethasone dipropionate. On the indication chosen, the two corticosteroids were equally efficacious; tolerance, also, was the same for both substances.
An Experimentally Controlled Evaluation of the Effect of Inositol Nicotinate upon the Digital Blood Flow in Patients with Raynaud's Phenomenon
Authors: Holti G 
Published: January 2017

The vaso-active effects of inositol nicotinate (Hexopal®) were investigated in thirty patients with primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon using several non-invasive experimental techniques under controlled conditions. The earlier formed impression that this drug requires a prolonged ‘build-up’ period was confirmed. Recording the time required to induce Raynaud's phenomenon as well as assessments of total and nutrient digital blood flow showed significant beneficial therapeutic effects upon the skin's microcirculation by inositol nicotinate. This study suggests that the therapeutic effect of this drug is not merely due to vasodilation but that other mechanisms such as enhanced fibrinolysis and lowering of serum lipids may play a significant part in its overall effect. Smokers responded slower than non-smokers, but even elderly patients with longstanding vasospastic disease showed measurably improved digital circulation. Unlike some other drugs in this field inositol nicotinate was found to be effective orally and to be devoid of unwanted side-effects. However, in the majority of patients it failed to abolish their increased vascular spasm although it diminished it significantly in most. It appears to be a safe and well tolerated drug, which, together with other symptomatic measures, merits to be used in the management of vasospastic disease of the extremities even in the presence of partial obliteration of the microcirculation.
The Treatment of Atrophic Vaginal Conditions with Ortho-Gynest: A Pilot Study
Authors: Karoussos K E , Studer S , Wyss H J 
Published: January 2017

A clinical study was undertaken, in twenty-four patients with atrophic vaginal changes, to assess the efficacy and the acceptability of treatment with Ortho-Gynest vaginal suppositories, which have as their active constituent the naturally occurring substance oestriol. A regenerative effect on the vaginal epithelium could be objectively demonstrated by an increase in the proportion of superficial cells following treatment. Changes in the vaginal epithelium were accompanied by a diminution in the incidence of infection and inflammation. Subjective complaints such as dyspareunia, pruritis and kraurosis vulvae, which could also be ascribed to a relative oestrogen deficiency, responded well to treatment.
Prophylactic Disopyramide: Its Clinical Effects Related to Plasma Concentration in Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Hillson Rowan Mary , Boyd E , Cunningham J 
Published: January 2017

Sixty-three patients, fifty-two with acute myocardial infarction and eleven with ischaemic heart disease or non-cardiac chest pain, were given either disopyramide phosphate or placebo, orally, in a randomized double-blind study. Thirty-two patients on disopyramide (twenty-six with acute myocardial infarction) received an initial dose of 300 mg followed by 150 mg six-hourly for 3 days. There was a reduction in the number of patients with cardiac dysrhythmias on the first 3 days following infarction in subjects taking disopyramide as compared with controls. This reduction was not statistically significant. There was a significant reduction in the mean ectopic count per hour in patients taking disopyramide compared with those taking placebo on the second day only (p < 0.005). Urinary retention, dry mouth and jaundice were recorded more frequently in the test group. There were wide ranges of pre-dose plasma concentrations on all 3 days. (Day 1: 1.3 to 7.7 μg per ml. Day 2: 2.5 to 8.9 μg/ml and Day 3: 2.5 to 11.5 μg per ml). The mean plasma concentration of disopyramide was higher but not significantly so, in the treatment group without evidence of dysrhythmias than those with dysrhythmias (3.8 ± S.D. 1.5 μg/ml and 3.0 ± 0.8 μg/ml respectively). The mean plasma level in patients who required anti-emetic therapy was significantly lower than those who did not (2.8 ± 0.8 μg/ml and 3.8 ± 1.9 μg/ml respectively, p < 0.025). The wide range of plasma levels observed is probably due in part to irregular absorption with vomiting after myocardial infarction. If disopyramide is to be used prophylactically following myocardial infarction, a therapeutic plasma level will be achieved quickly in all cases only by giving an intravenous starting dose.
Study of Migraine and the Treatment of Acute Attacks in Industry
Authors: Jones Alan , Harrop Christine 
Published: January 2017

A simple study of migraine was undertaken in an industrial setting to identify facts about the condition of migraine which had previously been unrecorded in industry. The study was based on a definition of migraine encompassing headache accompanied by visual or gastro-intestinal disturbances. During the period from April 1979 to December 1979 there were 111 separate incidents reported to this department, with 281 working days lost in this period, which would give an average annual loss of 420 working days through migraine. Approximately 6% of the workforce were seen to be affected by migraine. Using a simple treatment it was possible to return the majority of the workforce to the place of work within 1 hour, with no subsequent problem caused to their health, either through migraine or accident.
Long-Term Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Disalcid®
Authors: Fazarinc Prim dr Franc , Steen Stephen N 
Published: January 2017

Disalcid®, a salicylic acid pro-drug, was administered for 3 months to eighteen rheumatoid arthritis patients, with monitoring of clinical response, side-effects and laboratory changes. The drug produced a satisfactory to excellent response in fourteen patients and was unsatisfactory in four. Gastric side-effects occurred in three patients and allergic reaction in one. Serum salicylic acid concentrations were adequately maintained between 15 to 25 mg/100 ml. Funduscopic monitoring revealed one retinal defect in a patient with hypertension. Laboratory examinations, blood chemistry and urine analyses remained within normal limits during the 12-week trial.
Local Therapy of Atrophic Vaginal Conditions with Oestriol Suppositories
Authors: Michalas S , Papandrikos A , Koutselini E , Tzingounis V 
Published: January 2017

Twenty post-menopausal women were treated using oestriol vaginal suppositories (Ortho-Gynest®*). Subjective disturbances such as dyspareunia, pruritis, and kraurosis vulvae showed a good response to the therapy, while the anaplastic activity of the vaginal epithelium to the suppositories was shown by an increase in the vaginal superficial cells which followed the course of treatment. Side-effects were minimal and disappeared following cessation of treatment.
Assessment of Pharmacodynamics of a New “Controlled-Release” Form of Diazepam (Valium® CR Roche) by Quantitative EEG and Psychometric Analysis in Neurotic Subjects
Authors: Saletu B , Grünberger J , Amrein R , Skreta M 
Published: January 2017

In a double-blind, double dummy, placebo-controlled study, the encephalotropic, psychotropic and pharmacodynamic properties of a new controlled-release form of diazepam (Valium CR) and the standard 5 mg tablets were compared by means of quantitative EEG and psychometric analysis methods. Ten patients exhibiting emotional and vegetative lability, nervousness and phobias, with an elevated neuroticism score (Eysenck), were recruited for the study. They were treated according to a crossover design with placebo, 15 mg diazepam CR and 3×5 mg diazepam with a 3-day wash-out interval between each administration period. They all received one tablet t.i.d. (8 a.m., 2 p.m. and 8 p.m.) and one capsule in the evening (8 p.m.). The main difference between the two forms of diazepam can be illustrated by the fact that in the morning, i.e. 8 hours after the evening medication, the increase in the anxiolytic drug effect on the CNS was consistently greater, to a statistically significant degree, during the Valium CR schedule than during the 5 mg tablet schedule. This was the case even after chronic administration of the drug over 5 days. The two forms of diazepam also differed with regard to their acute effects on attention, CFF and CNS activation. Attention deteriorated significantly less after the administration of the controlled-release forms than after 3 × 5 mg diazepam (3 hours after the morning medication). CFF was significantly more augmented in the morning after 5 mg diazepam than after 15 mg diazepam CR. There were no significant psychotropic inter-drug differences after chronic administration. The absence of clinically relevant changes in pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and side-effects indicates extremely good tolerance of both forms of diazepam by neurotic patients.
How Capable of Driving are Hospitalized Psychiatric Patients under Psycho-Active Drug Therapy?
Authors: Hobi V , Kielholz P , Gilsdorf U 
Published: January 2017

In an open investigation design two patient groups, under neuroleptics (n = 30) and under antidepressants (n = 31), were examined three times, the third time under steady-state conditions. A matched control group (n = 32) provided the normative values. Various variables, thought to be psychologically relevant in traffic situations, were measured on two test apparatus (tracking and complex reaction time). The result shows that the antidepressant group closely approaches the achievement of the control group on the most important variables measured. It may be concluded that psychopharmacologically well balanced depressive patients at the time of the steady-state are capable of producing results comparable to a control group with respect to traffic-relevant cognitive-psychomotor functions. The neuroleptic group, however, exhibits deviations on the same variables. In this sub-sample the primary disturbances of the underlying morbus (maintaining attention, continuous focusing ability) become conspicuous. From the medical point of view, the call for an individual clinical judgement of driving capacity by the treating physician continues to remain necessary, although the results produced offer some general decision aids.
Efficacy and Tolerance of Betamethasone Dipropionate Propylene Glycol for Resistant Psoriasis and other Resistant Steroid-Responsive Dermatoses
Authors: Aldana Guillermo Gutierrez 
Published: January 2017

Betamethasone dipropionate, 0 05%, in a propylene glycol ointment vehicle (Diprolene Ointment(R)) was administered to forty-seven patients with resistant psoriasis or other resistant steroid-responsive dermatoses in a 2-week open study. The efficacy and tolerance of this new topical corticosteroid preparation were evaluated. Response was rapid, as illustrated by the sharp decrease in the severity of signs and symptoms. All patients improved. Lesions cleared in 25.5% of cases (twelve patients), showed marked improvement in 66% (thirty-one patients) and showed moderate improvement in 8.5% (four patients). Six patients developed folliculitis which did not necessitate discontinuation of Diprolene therapy. No changes in adrenal function were detected.
Tizanidine (DS 103-282) in the Treatment of Acute Paravertebral Muscle Spasm: A Controlled Trial Comparing Tizanidine and Diazepam
Authors: Fryda-Kaurimsky Z , Müller-Fassbender H 
Published: January 2017

In a double-blind trial tizanidine (DS 103-282: S-Chloro-4-(2-imidazolin-2-yl-amino)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole), a new muscle relaxant, was compared with diazepam in twenty in-patients suffering from acute paravertebral muscle spasm. All the patients had suffered from degenerative spinal disease for some years. Ten patients received tizanidine and the other ten received diazepam. Both drugs were administered t.i.d. for a period of 7 days. Significant improvements were reported in eight of the sixteen variables. Tizanidine was significantly superior to diazepam for two of these variables (lateral flexion of the lumbar spine, right and left). A centrally mediated blood-pressure-lowering effect was observed with both drugs. Tizanidine was generally better tolerated, only two patients reporting transient side-effects compared with five patients in the diazepam group. Like diazepam, tizanidine is a suitable drug for the treatment of acute paravertebral muscle spasm.
Sublingual Buprenorphine versus Oral Dihydrocodeine in Post-Operative Pain
Authors: Masson A H B 
Published: January 2017

The effect of sublingual buprenorphine (0.4 mg) was compared with that of oral dihydrocodeine (60 mg) in patients experiencing post-operative pain following general surgery. Pain relief was significantly greater for buprenorphine than for dihydrocodeine, based on both peak effect and total effect. Both treatments were effective from 30 minutes. There was evidence that buprenorphine had a slightly slower onset of action, but a distinctly longer duration of action, than dihydrocodeine. Unwanted effects were similar for both treatments.
Benzbromarone Therapy in Hyperuricaemia; Comparison with Allopurinol and Probenecid
Authors: Schepers Gerrit Willem 
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare the serum uric acid lowering effect of benzbromarone (Minuric®), allopurinol, probenecid and placebo in patients suffering from confirmed hyperuricaemia. This was a multiple dose, placebo-controlled, crossover study in six hyperuricaemic patients to compare the effects on uric acid of three different active treatments: benzbromarone 100 mg daily, probenecid 1000 mg daily and allopurinol 300 mg daily. Each patient was assessed clinically and biochemically before and after the study and blood samples for serum uric acid determinations were taken thirteen times during the study period. For the six trialists it was found that benzbromarone is superior to both probenecid and allopurinol in the lowering of serum uric acid, and that probenecid is also superior to allopurinol.
Comparative Pharmacokinetics of 400 mg Bezafibrate after a Single Oral Administration of a New Slow-Release Preparation and the Currently Available Commercial Form
Authors: Ledermann H , Kaufmann B 
Published: January 2017

Bezafibrate is a new lipid-lowering agent with a more pronounced pharmacological effect, a different metabolism and a much shorter apparent half-life than clofibrate. The serum concentration curves and the urinary excretion were determined in seventeen healthy volunteers after administration of 400 mg of a new slow-release preparation. The results were compared with those of a similar experiment in twenty healthy volunteers who received 400 mg as a single dose in the form of 2 tablets of Cedur®, which is the currently marketed form in Germany (each tablet contains 200 mg bezafibrate). The areas under the serum concentration curves were not statistically significantly different (median of 31.3 mg.h/l for the slow-release and of 39.4 mg.h/l for the marketed preparation). Renal clearance differed only within the margin of biological variation. It can be assumed that the relative biological availability of both preparations is similar. In none of the volunteers were subjective or objective side-effects observed.
A Fixed Combination of Metoprolol Slow-Release and Chlorthalidone, Given Once Daily, in the Long-Term Treatment of Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Floris Bruno , Franchetta Gianni , Palestini Nicola , Sonaglioni Giulio , Verdecchia Paolo , Bichisao Ettore 
Published: January 2017

A fixed combination of metoprolol slow-release 200 mg and chlorthalidone 25 mg was given once daily over a 3 months period in forty out-patients with mild-to-moderate arterial hypertension stage I or II WHO. The combination elicited a clear-cut antihypertensive effect lasting at least 24 hours after drug. As compared with pre-treatment values, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were gradually reduced within the first month of treatment, remaining nearly constant in the following 2 months. Treatment was well tolerated by all patients. Neither serum potassium nor any other laboratory test (creatinine, glucose, uric acid, etc.) showed significant changes. In conclusion, slow-release metoprolol in fixed association with chlorthalidone provides a safe and effective treatment of arterial hypertension even on a long-term basis. The once daily dosing schedule may considerably improve patient's compliance.
Long-Term Treatment of Essential Hypertension with Nadolol and Hydrochlorothiazide: A Two-Year Follow-Up
Authors: El-Mehairy M M , Shaker A , Ramadan M , Hamza S , Tadros S S 
Published: January 2017

After 3 weeks of placebo administration, thirty-two mildly or moderately hypertensive patients were treated with hydrochlorothiazide (HCZ) for 3 weeks, then with HCZ plus nadolol, a new beta-adrenergic blocker, for 2 years. The dose of HCZ was 50 mg once daily for all except two patients, who received 50 mg twice a day. The dose of nadolol ranged from 40 mg to 240 mg, once daily. The average supine blood pressure decreased from 182/110 mm Hg at the end of the placebo period to 170/104 mm Hg at the end of treatment with HCZ alone. Nadolol was added to the regimen, and the average supine blood pressure decreased further to 132/88 mm Hg at the end of 3 months of combined therapy. It remained essentially unchanged for the duration of the 2-year study, and no increases in the dosage of either drug were needed. Side-effects were mild, and none required a change in dosage. A once-daily dose of nadolol combined with HCZ appears to be safe and effective therapy for the long-term treatment of mild or moderate essential hypertension.
Nimesulide in the Short-Term Treatment of Osteoarthrosis: A Pilot Study for Assessing the Minimal Effective Dose
Authors: Reiner Michele 
Published: January 2017

Eleven patients suffering from osteoarthritis of the cervical spine were admitted to a pilot study aimed at establishing the effective dose and the tolerability of Nimesulide. The patients received a basic treatment of Nimesulide 100 mg/day, increasable up to 300 mg/day, in conformity with the patient's need. The treatment over a period of 15 days showed that Nimesulide 200 mg/day has good anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Several critical parameters were significantly improved. The incidence of usually mild side-effects was very low.
Indoprofen versus Indomethacin in Acute Painful Shoulder and other Soft-Tissue Rheumatic Complaints
Authors: Soave G , Bruni G , Lavezzari M , Parrinello L 
Published: January 2017

In a double-blind, parallel-group study indoprofen 800 mg daily was compared with indomethacin 100 mg daily in forty patients suffering from acute painful shoulder and other soft-tissue rheumatic complaints. Both drugs were administered orally for 14 days. Clinical assessments, carried out at baseline and on Days 4, 8 and 15, included pain (at rest, upon pressure, on motion under load), quality of sleep, range of active motion and patient's opinion. A significant improvement in all variables was found for both indoprofen and indomethacin at each time of observation, almost reaching its maximum within the first week. Excellent or good results, as judged by the patients, were obtained in 90% of cases in both treatment groups. No significant differences were observed between the two drugs. One patient taking indomethacin developed headache and dizziness, requiring discontinuation of treatment; three patients on indoprofen complained of mild or moderate gastric pain.