bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Confrontations in the New World: Grete Weil's Happy, sagte der Onkel (1968)
Authors: Nussbaum Laureen 
Published: April 2017

In her essay “Travel Writing and Gender,” the British scholar Susan Bassnett makes two points that are relevant in analyzing Grete Weil’s travel tales, Happy, sagte der Onkel (Happy, Said My Uncle). Bassnett remarks that “increasingly in the twentieth century, male and female travelers have written self-reflexive texts that defy easy categorization as autobiography, memoir, or travel account.” This observation certainly holds true for Grete Weil’s slim volume, and so does Bassnett’s gender-specific assertion that there is a “strand of women’s travel writing that has grown in importance in the twentieth century: the journey that leads to greater self-awareness and takes the reader simultaneously on that journey.
Comparison Between Unilateral and Bilateral Plyometric Training on Single- and Double-Leg Jumping Performance and Strength
Authors: Bogdanis Gregory C. , Tsoukos Athanasios , Kaloheri Olga , Terzis Gerasimos , Veligekas Panagiotis , Brown Lee E. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Bogdanis, GC, Tsoukos, A, Kaloheri, O, Terzis, G, Veligekas, P, and Brown, LE. Comparison between unilateral and bilateral plyometric training on single- and double-leg jumping performance and strength. J Strength Cond Res 33(3): 633–640, 2019—This study compared the effects of unilateral and bilateral plyometric training on single- and double-leg jumping performance, maximal strength, and rate of force development (RFD). Fifteen moderately trained subjects were randomly assigned to either a unilateral (U, n = 7) or bilateral group (B, n = 8). Both groups performed maximal effort plyometric leg exercises 2 times per week for 6 weeks. The B group performed all exercises with both legs, whereas the U group performed half the repetitions with each leg, so that total exercise volume was the same. Jumping performance was assessed by countermovement jumps (CMJs) and drop jumps (DJs), whereas maximal isometric leg press strength and RFD were measured before and after training for each leg separately and both legs together. Countermovement jump improvement with both legs was not significantly different between U (12.1 ± 7.2%) and B (11.0 ± 5.5%) groups. However, the sum of right- and left-leg CMJ only improved in the U group (19.0 ± 7.1%, p < 0.001) and was unchanged in the B group (3.4 ± 8.4%, p = 0.80). Maximal isometric leg press force with both legs was increased similarly between groups (B: 20.1 ± 6.5%, U: 19.9 ± 6.2%). However, the sum of right- and left-leg maximal force increased more in U compared with B group (23.8 ± 9.1% vs. 11.9 ± 6.2%, p = 0.009, respectively). Similarly, the sum of right- and left-leg RFD0-50 and RFD0-100 were improved only in the U group (34–36%, p < 0.01). Unilateral plyometric training was more effective at increasing both single- and double-leg jumping performance, isometric leg press maximal force, and RFD when compared with bilateral training.
Neural Mechanisms of Cognitive Dissonance (Revised): An EEG Study
Authors: Colosio Marco , Shestakova Anna , Nikulin Vadim V. , Blagovechtchenski Evgeny , Klucharev Vasily 
Published: April 2017

Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that our preferences are modulated by the mere act of choosing. A choice between two similarly valued alternatives creates psychological tension (cognitive dissonance) that is reduced by a postdecisional reevaluation of the alternatives. We measured EEG of human subjects during rest and free-choice paradigm. Our study demonstrates that choices associated with stronger cognitive dissonance trigger a larger negative frontocentral evoked response similar to error-related negativity, which has in turn been implicated in general performance monitoring. Furthermore, the amplitude of the evoked response is correlated with the reevaluation of the alternatives. We also found a link between individual neural dynamics (long-range temporal correlations) of the frontocentral cortices during rest and follow-up neural and behavioral effects of cognitive dissonance. Individuals with stronger resting-state long-range temporal correlations demonstrated a greater postdecisional reevaluation of the alternatives and larger evoked brain responses associated with stronger cognitive dissonance. Thus, our results suggest that cognitive dissonance is reflected in both resting-state and choice-related activity of the prefrontal cortex as part of the general performance-monitoring circuitry.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTContrary to traditional decision theory, behavioral studies repeatedly demonstrate that our preferences are modulated by the mere act of choosing. Difficult choices generate psychological (cognitive) dissonance, which is reduced by the postdecisional devaluation of unchosen options. We found that decisions associated with a higher level of cognitive dissonance elicited a stronger negative frontocentral deflection that peaked ∼60 ms after the response. This activity shares similar spatial and temporal features as error-related negativity, the electrophysiological correlate of performance monitoring. Furthermore, the frontocentral resting-state activity predicted the individual magnitude of preference change and the strength of cognitive dissonance-related neural activity.
Intracellular,In Vivo, Dynamics of Thalamocortical Synapses in Visual Cortex
Authors: Sedigh-Sarvestani Madineh , Vigeland Leif , Fernandez-Lamo Ivan , Taylor M. Morgan , Palmer Larry A. , Contreras Diego 
Published: April 2017

Seminal studies of the thalamocortical circuit in the visual system of the cat have been central to our understanding of sensory encoding. However, thalamocortical synaptic properties remain poorly understood. We used paired recordings, in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and primary visual cortex (V1), to provide the firstin vivocharacterization of sensory-driven thalamocortical potentials in V1. The amplitudes of EPSPs we characterized were smaller than those previously reportedin vitro. Consistent with prior findings, connected LGN-V1 pairs were only found when their receptive fields (RFs) overlapped, and the probability of connection increased steeply with degree of RF overlap and response similarity. However, surprisingly, we found no relationship between EPSP amplitudes and the similarity of RFs or responses, suggesting different connectivity models for intracortical and thalamocortical circuits. Putative excitatory regular-spiking (RS) and inhibitory fast-spiking (FS) V1 cells had similar EPSP characteristics, showing that in the visual system, feedforward excitation and inhibition are driven with equal strength by the thalamus. Similar to observations in the somatosensory cortex, FS V1 cells received less specific input from LGN. Finally, orientation tuning in V1 was not inherited from single presynaptic LGN cells, suggesting that it must emerge exclusively from the combined input of all presynaptic LGN cells. Our results help to decipher early visual encoding circuits and have immediate utility in providing physiological constraints to computational models of the visual system.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTo understand how the brain encodes the visual environment, we must understand the transfer of visual signals between various regions of the brain. Therefore, understanding synaptic dynamics is critical to our understanding of sensory encoding. This study provides the first characterization of visually evoked synaptic potentials between the visual thalamus and visual cortex in an intact animal. To record these potentials, we simultaneously recorded the extracellular potential of presynaptic thalamic cells and the intracellular potential of postsynaptic cortical cells in input layers of primary visual cortex. Our characterization of synaptic potentialsin vivodisagreed with prior findingsin vitro. This study will increase our understanding of thalamocortical circuits and will improve computational models of visual encoding.
The Severity of Vestibular Dysfunction in Deafness as a Determinant of Comorbid Hyperactivity or Anxiety
Authors: Antoine Michelle W. , Vijayakumar Sarath , McKeehan Nicholas , Jones Sherri M. , Hébert Jean M. 
Published: April 2017

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxiety-related disorders occur at rates 2–3 times higher in deaf compared with hearing children. Potential explanations for these elevated rates and the heterogeneity of behavioral disorders associated with deafness have usually focused on socio-environmental rather than biological effects. Children with the 22q11.2 deletion or duplication syndromes often display hearing loss and behavioral disorders, including ADHD and anxiety-related disorders. Here, we show that mouse mutants with either a gain or loss of function of the T-Box transcription factor gene,Tbx1, which lies within the 22q11.2 region and is responsible for most of the syndromic defects, exhibit inner ear defects and hyperactivity. Furthermore, we show that (1) inner ear dysfunction due to the tissue-specific loss ofTbx1orSlc12a2, which encodes a sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter and is also necessary for inner ear function, causes hyperactivity; (2) vestibular rather than auditory failure causes hyperactivity; and (3) the severity rather than the age of onset of vestibular dysfunction differentiates whether hyperactivity or anxiety co-occurs with inner ear dysfunction. Together, these findings highlight a biological link between inner ear dysfunction and behavioral disorders and how sensory abnormalities can contribute to the etiology of disorders traditionally considered of cerebral origin.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study examines the biological rather than socio-environmental reasons why hyperactivity and anxiety disorders occur at higher rates in deaf individuals. Using conditional genetic approaches in mice, the authors show that (1) inner ear dysfunction due to eitherTbx1orSlc12a2mutations cause hyperactivity; (2) it is vestibular dysfunction, which frequently co-occurs with deafness but often remains undiagnosed, rather than auditory dysfunction that causes hyperactivity and anxiety-related symptoms; and (3) the severity of vestibular dysfunction can predict whether hyperactivity or anxiety coexist with inner ear dysfunction. These findings suggest a need to evaluate vestibular function in hearing impaired individuals, especially those who exhibit hyperactive and anxiety-related symptoms.
Immune-Induced Fever Is Dependent on Local But Not Generalized Prostaglandin E2Synthesis in the Brain
Authors: Eskilsson Anna , Matsuwaki Takashi , Shionoya Kiseko , Mirrasekhian Elahe , Zajdel Joanna , Schwaninger Markus , Engblom David , Blomqvist Anders 
Published: April 2017

Fever occurs upon binding of prostaglandin E2(PGE2) to EP3receptors in the median preoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus, but the origin of the pyrogenic PGE2has not been clearly determined. Here, using mice of both sexes, we examined the role of local versus generalized PGE2production in the brain for the febrile response. In wild-type mice and in mice with genetic deletion of the prostaglandin synthesizing enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 in the brain endothelium, generated with an inducible CreERT2under theSlco1c1promoter, PGE2levels in the CSF were only weakly related to the magnitude of the febrile response, whereas the PGE2synthesizing capacity in the hypothalamus, as reflected in the levels of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA, showed strong correlation with the immune-induced fever. Histological analysis showed that the deletion of cyclooxygenase-2 in brain endothelial cells occurred preferentially in small- and medium-sized vessels deep in the brain parenchyma, such as in the hypothalamus, whereas larger vessels, and particularly those close to the neocortical surface and in the meninges, were left unaffected, hence leaving PGE2synthesis largely intact in major parts of the brain while significantly reducing it in the region critical for the febrile response. Furthermore, injection of a virus vector expressing microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) into the median preoptic nucleus of fever-refractive mPGES-1 knock-out mice, resulted in a temperature elevation in response to LPS. We conclude that the febrile response is dependent on local release of PGE2onto its target neurons and not on the overall PGE2production in the brain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTBy using mice with selective deletion of prostaglandin synthesis in brain endothelial cells, we demonstrate that local prostaglandin E2(PGE2) production in deep brain areas, such as the hypothalamus, which is the site of thermoregulatory neurons, is critical for the febrile response to peripheral inflammation. In contrast, PGE2production in other brain areas and the overall PGE2level in the brain do not influence the febrile response. Furthermore, partly restoring the PGE2synthesizing capacity in the anterior hypothalamus of mice lacking such capacity with a lentiviral vector resulted in a temperature elevation in response to LPS. These data imply that the febrile response is dependent on the local release of PGE2onto its target neurons, possibly by a paracrine mechanism.
Short FtsZ filaments can drive asymmetric cell envelope constriction at the onset of bacterial cytokinesis
Authors: Yao Qing , Jewett Andrew I , Chang Yi‐Wei , Oikonomou Catherine M , Beeby Morgan , Iancu Cristina V , Briegel Ariane , Ghosal Debnath , Jensen Grant J 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFtsZ, the bacterial homologue of eukaryotic tubulin, plays a central role in cell division in nearly all bacteria and many archaea. It forms filaments under the cytoplasmic membrane at the division site where, together with other proteins it recruits, it drives peptidoglycan synthesis and constricts the cell. Despite extensive study, the arrangement of FtsZ filaments and their role in division continue to be debated. Here, we apply electron cryotomography to image the native structure of intact dividing cells and show that constriction in a variety of Gram‐negative bacterial cells, including Proteus mirabilis and Caulobacter crescentus, initiates asymmetrically, accompanied by asymmetric peptidoglycan incorporation and short FtsZ‐like filament formation. These results show that a complete ring of FtsZ is not required for constriction and lead us to propose a model for FtsZ‐driven division in which short dynamic FtsZ filaments can drive initial peptidoglycan synthesis and envelope constriction at the onset of cytokinesis, later increasing in length and number to encircle the division plane and complete constriction.
VEGFR2 but not VEGFR3 governs integrity and remodeling of thyroid angiofollicular unit in normal state and during goitrogenesis
Authors: Jang Jeon Yeob , Choi Sung Yong , Park Intae , Park Do Young , Choe Kibaek , Kim Pilhan , Kim Young Keum , Lee Byung‐Joo , Hirashima Masanori , Kubota Yoshiaki , Park Jeong‐Won , Cheng Sheue‐Yann , Nagy Andras , Park Young Joo , Alitalo Kari , Shong Minho , Koh Gou Young 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThyroid gland vasculature has a distinguishable characteristic of endothelial fenestrae, a critical component for proper molecular transport. However, the signaling pathway that critically governs the maintenance of thyroid vascular integrity, including endothelial fenestrae, is poorly understood. Here, we found profound and distinct expression of follicular epithelial VEGF‐A and vascular VEGFR2 that were precisely regulated by circulating thyrotropin, while there were no meaningful expression of angiopoietin–Tie2 system in the thyroid gland. Our genetic depletion experiments revealed that VEGFR2, but not VEGFR3, is indispensable for maintenance of thyroid vascular integrity. Notably, blockade of VEGF‐A or VEGFR2 not only abrogated vascular remodeling but also inhibited follicular hypertrophy, which led to the reduction of thyroid weights during goitrogenesis. Importantly, VEGFR2 blockade alone was sufficient to cause a reduction of endothelial fenestrae with decreases in thyrotropin‐responsive genes in goitrogen‐fed thyroids. Collectively, these findings establish follicular VEGF‐A–vascular VEGFR2 axis as a main regulator for thyrotropin‐dependent thyroid angiofollicular remodeling and goitrogenesis.
Accessibility, Availability, and Potential Benefits of Psycho-Oncology Services: The Perspective of Community-Based Physicians Providing Cancer Survivorship Care
Authors: Zimmermann-Schlegel Verena , Hartmann Mechthild , Sklenarova Halina , Herzog Wolfgang , Haun Markus W. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Background
As persons of trust, community-based physicians providing survivorship care (e.g., general practitioners [GPs]) often serve as the primary contacts for cancer survivors disclosing distress. From the perspective of physicians providing survivorship care for cancer patients, this study explores (a) the accessibility, availability, and potential benefits of psycho-oncology services; (b) whether physicians themselves provide psychosocial support; and (c) predictors for impeded referrals of survivors to services.

Methods
In a cross-sectional survey, all GPs and community-based specialists in a defined region were interviewed. In addition to descriptive analyses, categorical data were investigated by applying chi-square tests. Predictors for impeded referrals were explored through logistic regression.

Results
Of 683 responding physicians, the vast majority stated that survivors benefit from psycho-oncology services (96.8%), but the physicians also articulated that insufficient coverage of psycho-oncology services (90.9%) was often accompanied by impeded referrals (77.7%). A substantial proportion (14.9%) of physicians did not offer any psychosocial support. The odds of physicians in rural areas reporting impeded referrals were 1.91 times greater than the odds of physicians in large urban areas making a similar report (95% confidence interval [1.07, 3.40]).

Conclusion
Most community-based physicians providing survivorship care regard psycho-oncology services as highly beneficial. However, a large number of physicians report tremendous difficulty referring patients. Focusing on those physicians not providing any psychosocial support, health policy approaches should specifically (a) raise awareness of the role of physicians as persons of trust for survivors, (b) highlight the effectiveness of psycho-oncology services, and (c) encourage a proactive attitude toward the assessment of unmet needs and the initiation of comprehensive care.
Argentina en el espacio: política internacional en relación a la política tecnológica y el desarrollo industrial
Authors: Blinder Daniel 
Published: April 2017

El presente artículo de reflexión tiene como principal propósito desallorar y comprender de forma analítica el recorrido de medio siglo de tecnología espacial que se ha venido desarrollado en la República Argentina. El estilo de la evolución puede tipificarse como un caso de desarrollo de tecnología capital intensiva, considerada “sensible” por los países centrales, y que dominan la contextualización de territorios como el gaucho, aunque este no se tilde de periférico sino de uno que comprende a la semiperiferia. La tecnología capital intensiva, implica niveles importantes de industrialización, pero también de poder militar. El objetivo general consiste en exponer cuál es la manera en que una serie de rupturas políticas y económicas transformaron los lineamientos que debían orientar la trayectoria del desarrollo de tecnología espacial así como su aplicación en el uso civil y en el bélico. Igualmente, el artículo explica cómo funciona la disciplina de las Relaciones Internacionales a partir de una política tecnológica, permitiéndose mostrar los principales resultados de este sector transversal y supranacional.
Intervencionismo y medio ambiente: el caso de la Amazonía Brasileña
Authors: Guevara Gisela da Silva 
Published: April 2017

El presente artículo busca debatir conceptos tales como la internacionalización de la Amazonía y la soberanía de los Estados en el ámbito ambiental, reflexionando sobre los aportes de autores que se dedicaron a estos temas. La metodología es cualitativa, utilizando diversidad de obras y artículos académicos, así como fuentes primarias, donde se puede verificar la variedad de posiciones sobre los mencionados conceptos. Reflexionaremos acerca del significado del concepto de internacionalización de la Amazonía, por una parte visto del Sur, sobre todo desde Brasil, y por otra, de los países del Norte, debatiendo las implicaciones de la confrontación de enfoques entre los países desarrollados y las naciones en vías de desarrollo para las relaciones internacionales. Partimos de la premisa de que el obstáculo para un consenso entre el Norte y el Sur sobre la internacionalización de la Amazonía brasileña se basa en nociones divergentes de soberanía y responsabilidad ambiental de los Estados, las cuales hasta nuestros días no pudieron ser resueltas.
Naród polski jako żywa struktura. Kształtowanie się poczucia odrębności narodowej Ślązaków pod wpływem uwarunkowań geograficzno-historycznych i geograficzno-politycznych
Authors: Rykała Andrzej , Sobczyński Marek 
Published: April 2017

W artykule dokonano analizy terytorialnego formowania się i zmian przynależności państwowej Śląska, interpretując je w kategorii uwarunkowań kształtowania się poczucia odrębności narodowej jego mieszkańców. Przedstawiono liczebność osób deklarujących w początkach XXI w. śląską narodowość oraz podjęto próbę identyfikacji jej elementów składowych i instytucjonalnych form wyrażania. Ustalono, że poczucie odrębności narodowej Ślązaków ukształtowało się na podstawie terytorialno-politycznych i ekonomicznych odniesień do historycznych „dużych ojczyzn” oraz tej „małej”, jaką jest Śląsk i jego historia, znaczona zmienną przynależnością państwową, a co za tym idzie wpływami kulturowymi trzech głównych narodów – Polaków, Niemców i Czechów. Wpływy tych kultur krzyżowały się najczęściej w zachodniej części regionu, tj. na obszarze Górnego Śląska, gdzie koncentruje się w głównej mierze ludność identyfikująca się z narodem śląskim.
Biomarkers and Bacteria Around Implants and Natural Teeth in the Same Individuals
Authors: Gürlek Önder , Gümüş Pınar , Nile Christopher J. , Lappin David F. , Buduneli Nurcan 
Published: April 2017

Background: This cross‐sectional study assesses cytokine levels in peri‐implant crevicular fluid (PICF)/gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and a selection of subgingival/submucosal plaque bacteria from clinically healthy or diseased sites in the same individuals.Methods: Samples from 97 implants/teeth (58 implants [19 healthy, 20 mucositis, 19 peri‐implantitis] and 39 natural teeth [19 healthy, 12 gingivitis, eight periodontitis] in 15 systemically healthy patients were investigated by immunoassay and real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Samples were obtained first, with probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, plaque index scores, and keratinized tissue width then recorded. Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon, Mann–Whitney U, and permutation tests on dependent, independent, and mixed dependent and independent samples and Spearman correlation.Results: Interleukin (IL)‐1β levels were significantly higher in PICF samples of healthy implants than in GCF samples of healthy teeth (P = 0.003), and soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (sRANKL) concentrations were significantly higher in the gingivitis than the mucositis group (P = 0.004). Biomarker levels were similar in peri‐implantitis and periodontitis groups (P >0.05). Actinomyces naeslundi and Streptococcus oralis levels were significantly higher in the healthy implant group than in healthy teeth (P <0.05). Prevotella intermedia and Treponema denticola (Td) levels were lower in the mucositis group than the gingivitis group (P <0.05). Prevotella oralis and S. oralis levels were significantly higher in the periodontitis group (P <0.05), and Td levels were significantly higher in the peri‐implantitis group (P <0.05).Conclusion: There were many similarities but, crucially, some differences in biomarker levels (IL‐1β and sRANKL) and bacterial species between peri‐implant and periodontal sites in the same individuals, suggesting similar pathogenic mechanisms.