bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute doses of caffeine shift nervous system cell expression profiles toward promotion of neuronal projection growth
Authors: Yu Nancy Y. , Bieder Andrea , Raman Amitha , Mileti Enrichetta , Katayama Shintaro , Einarsdottir Elisabet , Fredholm Bertil B. , Falk Anna , Tapia-Páez Isabel , Daub Carsten O. , Kere Juha 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCaffeine is a widely consumed psychoactive substance, but little is known about the effects of caffeine stimulation on global gene expression changes in neurons. Here, we conducted gene expression profiling of human neuroepithelial stem cell-derived neurons, stimulated with normal consumption levels of caffeine (3 μM and 10 μM), over a period of 9 h. We found dosage-dependent activation of immediate early genes after 1 h. Neuronal projection development processes were up-regulated and negative regulation of axon extension processes were down-regulated at 3 h. In addition, genes involved in extracellular matrix organization, response for wound healing, and regulation of immune system processes were down-regulated by caffeine at 3 h. This study identified novel genes within the neuronal projection guidance pathways that respond to acute caffeine stimulation and suggests potential mechanisms for the effects of caffeine on neuronal cells.
Progressive Tinnitus Management Level 3 Skills Education: A 5-Year Clinical Retrospective
Authors: Edmonds Catherine M. , Ribbe Cheri , Thielman Emily J. , Henry James A. 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether progressive tinnitus management Level 3 skills education workshops conducted at the Bay Pines and Boston Veterans Affairs hospitals result in consistent use of the presented tinnitus management strategies by patients 1–5 years after completing the workshops.

Method
In fiscal year (FY) 2015, the tinnitus workshop follow-up form was mailed to all veterans who completed the Level 3 workshops between FY 2010 and FY 2014. Data were compiled to determine which, if any, of the skills taught in the workshops were being used 1–5 years after completion of the workshops and the impact on quality-of-life indicators.

Results
All self-management skills were being utilized up to 5 years postcompletion; therapeutic sound was utilized the most. The majority of patients reported an improved ability to manage reactions to tinnitus and improved quality-of-life indicators. Over 90% of patients from both sites recommended the program to others with tinnitus.

Conclusion
The self-management skills taught in the progressive tinnitus management Level 3 workshops are sustained over time even when limited resources prevent the full complement of workshops or the involvement of mental health services. The workshops can also be successfully implemented through remote delivery via videoconferencing (telehealth).

Supplemental Materials

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.5370883
Ist die Beweglichkeit der HWS bei Patienten mit chronischem Nackenschmerz eingeschränkt?
Authors: Wolf U. , Mendoza S. , Kiselev J. , Unverzagt S. , Behrens J. , Franke R. 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die Untersuchung des Bewegungsumfangs ist fester Bestandteil des Assessments bei Patienten mit Nackenschmerz. Bewegungseinschränkungen gelten als sicheres Zeichen für akute Schmerzzustände. Bei chronischem Nackenschmerz ist das Vorhandensein von Bewegungseinschränkungen jedoch fraglich.
Ziel: Die vorliegende Erhebung untersuchte, ob Patienten mit chronischem Nackenschmerz Bewegungseinschränkungen aufweisen.
Methode: 60 gesunde Probanden und 60 Patienten mit chronischem Nackenschmerz wurden mittels Ultraschalltopometrie während zyklischer Bewegungen der HWS bezüglich des Bewegungsumfangs untersucht und die Mittelwerte beider Gruppen auf signifikante Unterschiede überprüft. Ferner erfolgte die Klassifikation der gemessenen Bewegungsumfänge anhand geschlechts- und altersspezifischer Normwerte als normal, hypermobil oder hypomobil. Für die Validität des Befundes „hypomobil“ in Bezug auf die Erkennung des chronischen Nackenschmerzes wurden die Sensitivität, die Spezifität sowie die positive (LR+) und die negative Likelihood Ratio (LR–) ermittelt.
Ergebnisse: Die durchschnittlichen Bewegungsumfänge beider Gruppen unterschieden sich in alle Richtungen signifikant. Im Vergleich zu den Normwerten wiesen mehr als drei Viertel der Teilnehmer beider Gruppen eine normale Beweglichkeit auf. Die Sensitivität des Kriteriums „Hypomobilität“ lag bei maximal 0,23, die Spezifität bei über 0,9, die LR+ bei maximal 0,93 und der niedrigste Wert der LR– bei 0,65.
Schlussfolgerung: Beim chronischen Nackenschmerz ist das Bewegungsausmaß der HWS nicht vermindert. Für das Assessment fehlt ein objektiver Parameter, der mit psychosozialen Variablen korreliert und von Physiotherapeuten gemessen werden kann.
Evidence for the Use of Tranexamic Acid in Subarachnoid and Subdural Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review
Authors: Anker-Møller Thorkil , Troldborg Anne , Sunde Niels , Hvas Anne-Mette 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDespite neurosurgical treatment, a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) can cause a debilitating stroke. The case fatality rate ranges from 27 to 44%, and many survivors are left permanently disabled; therefore, the need for improved treatment is obvious. Furthermore, subdural hemorrhages (SDHs) have a cumulative recurrence rate of 14% in the first year and are potentially fatal. The aim of this systematic review is to assess and discuss the evidence for the role of tranexamic acid (TXA) in treatment of SAH and SDH. Systematic literature searches were performed in MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science (1946–2016). The inclusion criteria were TXA-treated group and control group; SAH or SDH verified by imaging, intraoperatively or at autopsy; human subjects; English; and an objective outcome. The search terms matched 443 records. Eight studies including nontraumatic SAH patients and one study including traumatic intracranial bleeding met the inclusion criteria. Comparing TXA-treated nontraumatic patients with controls, we found an overall odds ratio (OR) for rebleeding of 0.41 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26–0.64), six studies reported the mortality rate with an overall OR of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.68–1.12), four studies reported no statistically significant difference on the Glasgow Outcome Scale, and one study showed a statistically significant increased risk of cerebral ischemia, whereas seven studies found no statistically significant difference. No studies including SDH patients met the inclusion criteria. TXA reduced the overall risk of rebleeding following nontraumatic SAH. A nonsignificant reduction in mortality was demonstrated in nontraumatic SAH without substantial indication of increased risk of ischemic lesions.
The 2014–2015 National Impact of the 2014 American Academy of Pediatrics Guidance for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immunoprophylaxis on Preterm Infants Born in the United States
Authors: Kong Amanda , Krilov Leonard , Fergie Jaime , Goldstein Mitchell , Diakun David , Wade Sally , Pavilack Melissa , McLaurin Kimmie 
Published: September 2017

Objective This article aims to compare respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) immunoprophylaxis (IP) use and RSV hospitalization rates (RSVH) in preterm and full-term infants without chronic lung disease of prematurity or congenital heart disease before and after the recommendation against RSV IP use in preterm infants born at 29 to 34 weeks' gestational age (wGA).
Study Design Infants in commercial and Medicaid claims databases were followed from birth through first year to assess RSV IP and RSVH, as a function of infant's age and wGA. RSV IP was based on pharmacy or outpatient medical claims for palivizumab. RSVH was based on inpatient medical claims with a diagnosis of RSV.
Results Commercial and Medicaid infants 29 to 34 wGA represented 2.9 to 3.5% of all births. RSV IP use in infants 29 to 34 wGA decreased 62 to 95% (p < 0.01) in the 2014–2015 season relative to the 2013–2014 season. Compared with the 2013–2014 season, RSVH increased by 2.7-fold (p = 0.02) and 1.4-fold (p = 0.03) for infants aged <3 months and 29 to 34 wGA in the 2014–2015 season with commercial and Medicaid insurance, respectively. In the 2014–2015 season, RSVH for infants 29 to 34 wGA were two to seven times higher than full-term infants without high-risk conditions.
Conclusion Following the 2014 RSV IP guidance change, RSV IP use declined and RSVH increased among infants born at 29 to 34 wGA and aged <3 months.
Diagnostik implantatassoziierter Infektionen und Stellenwert der Sonikation
Authors: Feihl Susanne , Trampuz Andrej , Renz Nora 
Published: September 2017

ZusammenfassungDer Behandlungserfolg implantatassoziierter Infektionen ist in hohem Maße von einer angemessenen Diagnostik abhängig. Insbesondere „low-grade“-Infektionen präsentieren sich oft mit wenig ausgeprägten und unspezifischen klinischen Symptomen und erfordern deshalb eine optimierte diagnostische Aufarbeitung. Für die Diagnosestellung werden Anamnese, klinische Zeichen, Laborparameter, bildgebende Verfahren sowie histologische und mikrobiologische Untersuchungen herangezogen. Mikroorganismen bilden auf Implantatoberflächen einen Biofilm aus amorpher Polymermatrix, in der die Bakterien eingebettet sind. Dies erschwert den Nachweis der verursachenden Erreger mit konventionellen mikrobiologischen Methoden. Mittels Sonikation können Biofilme durch Ultraschallwellen von Oberflächen abgelöst und die resultierende Sonikationsflüssigkeit anschließend mikrobiologisch analysiert werden. Mit diesem Verfahren gelingt die Erregeridentifikation bei implantatassoziierten Infektionen deutlich häufiger und ermöglicht somit eine gezielte Antibiotikatherapie.
Versuch über die Sehnsucht
Authors: Danzer Gerhard 
Published: September 2017

ZusammenfassungWas heißt und was bedeutet Sehnsucht? Handelt es sich dabei um ein pathologisches oder um ein weit verbreitet „normales“ Phänomen? Wie wird die Sehnsucht in der Tiefenpsychologie, Anthropologie, Literatur und Kunst ausgedrückt und bewertet, und gibt es – ausgehend von diesen verschiedenen Bewertungen – Gemeinsamkeiten der Einordnung und des Verständnisses von Sehnsucht?
Use of Smoking Cessation Methods Among Patients Receiving Office-based Buprenorphine Maintenance Treatment
Authors: Shah Pooja A. , Cunningham Chinazo O. , Brisbane Mia T. , DeLuca Joseph P. , Nahvi Shadi 
Published: September 2017

Objectives:
Provision of smoking-cessation treatment is limited in office-based buprenorphine maintenance treatment (BMT) settings. This study describes smoking and smoking-cessation behaviors among patients receiving office-based BMT.

Methods:
Cross-sectional study of patients receiving office-based BMT at a community health center in the Bronx, NY. We interviewed patients assessing sociodemographic, and substance use and tobacco use characteristics, including methods used for smoking cessation. We reported simple frequencies and explored associations of BMT characteristics with smoking behaviors.

Results:
Of 68 patients, 87.7% were current cigarette smokers, 7.9% were former smokers, and 4.4% had never smoked. Of lifetime smokers, 83.1% reported at least 1 prior quit attempt, and 78.5% had used medication (75.4% used nicotine replacement therapy, 29.2% varenicline, and 9.2% bupropion). Ten patients (15.4%) reported using electronic cigarettes to try to quit smoking. Stopping “cold turkey” (40.0%) and gradually decreasing the number of cigarettes smoked (32.3%) were nonpharmacological methods of quitting tried most often. Use of behavioral support, including stop-smoking programs and counseling, was low. Higher dose and longer duration of BMT was associated with greater smoking frequency.

Conclusions:
Patients receiving BMT have a high prevalence of cigarette smoking, though most have tried to quit, and have prior experience with pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation. Efforts to optimize smoking-cessation treatments among BMT patients are needed.
Be Sweet to Babies During Painful Procedures
Authors: Harrison Denise , Larocque Catherine , Reszel Jessica , Harrold JoAnn , Aubertin Cheryl 
Published: September 2017

Background:
Breastfeeding (BF), skin-to-skin care (SSC), and sucrose effectively reduce babies' pain during newborn blood work, but these strategies are infrequently used. Our team developed a parent-targeted video intervention showing the effectiveness of the 3 pain management strategies.

Purpose:
To evaluate neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) parents' (1) baseline knowledge and previous use of BF, SSC, and sucrose for procedural pain management; (2) intention to advocate/use BF, SSC, or sucrose for their infants' future blood work after viewing the video; (3) intention to recommend the video to other parents; and (4) perceptions of the video and identify areas for improvement.

Methods:
Cross-sectional survey of parents in an NICU.

Results:
Fifty parents were enrolled: 33 mothers and 17 fathers. More than two-thirds (68%) of parents had prior knowledge of analgesic effects of sucrose; knowledge of SSC and BF as pain-reduction strategies was lower: 44% and 34%, respectively. Eighty-six percent of parents felt the video was the right length; 7 (14%) felt the video was too long. After viewing the video, 96% of parents intended to advocate for BF, SSC, or sucrose for pain management and 88% parents would recommend the video to other parents.

Implications for practice:
The video is acceptable to parents, is feasible to deliver to parents in an NICU, and has potential to increase parents' intent to advocate for pain management strategies for their infants.

Implications for research:
Future studies are required to evaluate the effectiveness of this parent-targeted intervention on increasing actual use of pain management in clinical practice.
Change in Human Papillomavirus Prevalence Among U.S. Women Aged 18–59 Years, 2009–2014
Authors: Berenson Abbey B. , Hirth Jacqueline M. , Chang Mihyun 
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE:
To examine changes in prevalence of vaginal human papillomavirus (HPV) between 2009–2010 and 2013–2014 among both vaccinated and unvaccinated U.S. women.

METHODS:
We evaluated HPV prevalence among women 18–59 years old using cross-sectional survey data from three different cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Data were stratified into four age groups (18–26, 27–34, 35–44, and 45–49 years) to examine trends over time among women of different ages in the postvaccine era. Multivariable analyses, which controlled for descriptive variables, were used to examine the prevalence of quadrivalent vaccine-type HPV by vaccination status.

RESULTS:
We observed a significant decrease in the prevalence of vaccine-type HPV among women 18–59 years of age from 2009–2010 to 2013–2014. This decline was only significant in those 18–26 years old when the sample was stratified into the four age groups. Among vaccinated 18–26 year olds, HPV prevalence remained low from 2009–2010 (3.9%) to 2013–2014 (2.0%; prevalence ratio 0.51, 95% CI 0.18–1.46). Unvaccinated women 18–26 years old also demonstrated a significant decrease over time from 19.5% in 2009–2010 to 9.7% in 2013–2014 (prevalence ratio 0.44, 95% CI 0.22–0.91). Prevalence did not significantly change among unvaccinated women 26 years old or older.

CONCLUSIONS:
The decline in HPV infections among unvaccinated 18- to 26-year-old women suggests that young women in the United States are beginning to benefit from herd immunity resulting from the introduction of the HPV vaccine.
Improvement in Outcomes of Major Obstetric Hemorrhage Through Systematic Change
Authors: Skupski Daniel W. , Brady David , Lowenwirt Isaac P. , Sample Jason , Lin Stephanie N. , Lohana Rahul , Eglinton Gary S. 
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE:
To report the outcomes over 14 years of sustained systematic institutional focus on the care of women with major obstetric hemorrhage, defined as estimated blood loss greater than 1,500 mL.

METHODS:
A retrospective cohort study of women with major obstetric hemorrhage at our hospital from 2000 to 2014 compares baseline conditions (age, multiparity, prior cesarean delivery, morbidly adherent placenta), morbidity (lowest mean temperature, lowest mean pH, coagulopathy, hysterectomy), and mortality among three time periods (period 1=January 2000 to December 2001, period 2=January 2002 to August 2005, period 3=September 2005 to December 2014). We also describe the systematic changes that helped to sustain our improved outcomes.

RESULTS:
During the three time periods, there were 5,811, 12,912, and 38,971 births; the rate of major obstetric hemorrhage increased over these periods: 2.1, 3.8 and 5.3 cases per 1,000 births, respectively. Two deaths from hemorrhage occurred in period 1 and none thereafter. Among women who experienced massive hemorrhage, morbidity significantly improved in each successive period: median lowest pH increased from 7.23 to 7.34 to 7.35 (periods 2 and 3 significantly higher than period 1), median lowest maternal temperature (°C) improved, 35.2 to 36.1 to 36.4 (all difference significant), and the rate of coagulopathy decreased, 58.3% to 28.6% to 13.2% (period 3 significantly lower than periods 1 and 2) (all P values <.001). Peripartum hysterectomies were more frequent and more frequently planned over time rather than urgent in each successive period: 0 of 6 to 6 of 18 (33%) to 31 of 64 (48.4%) (P=.044). During period 3, we reorganized the obstetric rapid response team, instituted a massive transfusion protocol and use of uterine balloon tamponade, and promoted a culture of safety in two ways—through more intensive education regarding hemorrhage and escalation (encouraging all staff to contact senior leaders).

CONCLUSION:
A sustained level of patient safety is achievable when treating major obstetric hemorrhage, as shown by a progressive decrease in morbidity despite increasing rates of hemorrhage.
Early Second-Trimester Fetal Growth Restriction and Adverse Perinatal Outcomes
Authors: Temming Lorene A. , Dicke Jeffrey M. , Stout Molly J. , Rampersad Roxane M. , Macones George A. , Tuuli Methodius G. , Cahill Alison G. 
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE:
To estimate the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes among women with isolated fetal growth restriction from 17 to 22 weeks of gestation.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective cohort study of all singleton, nonanomalous pregnancies undergoing ultrasonography to assess fetal anatomy between 17 and 22 weeks of gestation at a single center from 2010 to 2014. After excluding patients with fetal structural malformations, chromosomal abnormalities, or identified infectious etiologies, we compared perinatal outcomes between pregnancies with and without fetal growth restriction, defined as estimated fetal weight less than the 10th percentile for gestational age. Our primary outcome was small for gestational age (SGA) at birth, defined as birth weight less than the 10th percentile. Secondary outcomes included preterm delivery at less than 37 and less than 28 weeks of gestation, preeclampsia, abruption, stillbirth, neonatal death, neonatal intensive care unit admission, intraventricular hemorrhage, need for respiratory support, and necrotizing enterocolitis.

RESULTS:
Of 12,783 eligible patients, 355 (2.8%) had early second-trimester fetal growth restriction. Risk factors for growth restriction were African American race and tobacco use. Early second-trimester growth restriction was associated with a more than fivefold increase in risk of SGA at birth (36.9% compared with 9.1%, adjusted odds ratio [OR] 5.5, 95% CI 4.3–7.0), stillbirth (2.5% compared with 0.4%, OR 6.2, 95% CI 2.7–12.8), and neonatal death (1.4% compared with 0.3%, OR 5.2, 95% CI 1.6–13.5). Rates of indicated preterm birth at less than 37 weeks of gestation (7.3% compared with 3.3%, OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.5–3.5) and less than 28 weeks of gestation (2.5% compared with 0.2%, OR 10.8, 95% CI 4.5–23.4), neonatal need for respiratory support (16.9% compared with 7.8%, adjusted OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.2), and necrotizing enterocolitis (1.4% compared with 0.2%, OR 7.7, 95% CI 2.3–20.9) were also significantly higher for those with growth restriction. Rates of preeclampsia, abruption, and other neonatal outcomes were not significantly different.

CONCLUSION:
Although fetal growth restriction in the early second trimester occurred in less than 3% of our cohort and most of those with isolated growth restriction did not have adverse outcomes, it is a strong risk factor for SGA, stillbirth, neonatal death, and indicated preterm birth.
Reducing Pain During Intrauterine Device Insertion
Authors: Akers Aletha Y. , Steinway Caren , Sonalkar Sarita , Perriera Lisa K. , Schreiber Courtney , Harding Jennifer , Garcia-Espana J. Felipe 
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE:
To estimate the effect of a 1% lidocaine paracervical nerve block on pain during intrauterine device (IUD) insertion compared with a sham block in adolescents and young women.

METHODS:
We conducted a multisite, single-blind, sham-controlled randomized trial in adolescents and young women having a 13.5-mg levonorgestrel IUD inserted. Enrollment occurred at three family planning clinics in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Eligible adolescents and young women were aged 14–22 years, nulliparous, not currently or recently pregnant, and English-speaking. Participants were randomized using computer-generated allocation in block sizes of four to receive a 10-mL 1% lidocaine paracervical block or a sham block (1 cm depression of the vaginal epithelium at paracervical block sites with a wooden cotton-tipped applicator). Only patients were blinded. The primary outcome was pain after IUD insertion measured with a 100-mm visual analog scale. Using a two-sided t test and assuming a 20-mm difference in visual analog scale scores, a SD of 28 mm, an α of 0.05, and 90% power, a sample of 43 participants per group was estimated.

RESULTS:
Between March 2015 and July 2016, 95 participants enrolled (47 lidocaine block group; 48 sham block group). All were included in the analysis. Forty-four percent were white, 36% black, 65% privately insured, and 79% previously used contraception. The median visual analog scale score after IUD insertion was 30.0 (95% CI 20.0–58.0) in the lidocaine block group and 71.5 (95% CI 66.0–82.0) in the sham block (P<.001).

CONCLUSION:
A 10-mL 1% lidocaine paracervical nerve block reduces pain during IUD insertion in adolescents and young women compared with a sham block with pressure on the vaginal epithelium.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02352714.