bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addressing health disparities. Measuring body composition as a complementary predictor of cardiovascular risk
Authors: Alcañiz-Martín Fátima , Arenal-Ferreira Elena , Martínez-Martínez Valle , Gómez-Paredes Laura , Muñoz-Gutiérrez Juan , Pérez-Herreras María Cristina 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Obesity, increased waist circumference and elevated visceral fat are positively correlated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, in contrast to Mediterranean Diet. Objective: To analyze the association between increased waist circumference (WC), visceral fat (VF), body mass index (BMI), age, sex, total cholesterol, total fat percentage, muscle mass and adherence to a Mediterranean Diet.
Methods. 566 office workers with increased WC (WHO criteria) were included in this multicentre, cross-sectional observational study, when they attended to their job-specific health checkup in Madrid (2023). BMI and body fat distribution (VF, total fat and muscle mass) was obtained using bioimpedance (TANITA™). Sex, age, waist circumference, total cholesterol and PREDIMED questionnaire (adherence to Mediterranean diet) were also collected.
Results. 95.3% of the employees were obese or overweight (BMI). 76.3% had increased TF or were in the obese range. 63% had medium or low adherence to the Mediterranean diet. 50.5% had normal visceral fat. 51.2% had normal cholesterol levels. High VF showed a statistically significant association (P<0.001) with BMI ≥30 (obesity).Being male was associated to greater obesity (P<0.001), high VF (P<0.001) and lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet (P<0.03).Being a woman was associated to high TF (P<0.001).A low adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated to more VF (P<0.017).
Conclusions.Individual CVR prediction can be completed by clinicians using tools like bioimpedance that considers sex, VF, TF, in addition to BMI and WC.
The effect of gene polymorphism on ticagrelor metabolism: an in vitro study of 22 CYP3A4 variants in Chinese Han population
Authors: Hu Xiaoxia , Wang Peng , Zeng Dali , Hu Guo-xin 
Published: September 2024

Background
Ticagrelor is a novel oral antiplatelet agent which can selectively inhibit P2Y12 receptor. Bleeding and dyspnea are common adverse reactions of ticagrelor in clinic. The side effects of ticagrelor are correlated with the plasma concentration of ticagrelor.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the catalytic characteristics of 22 CYP3A4 alleles identified in the Chinese Han population on the metabolism of ticagrelor in vitro, focusing on the effect of CYP3A4 polymorphism on ticagrelor metabolism.

Methods
In this study, insect cells were used to express 22 CYP3A4 variants, which were then incubated with 1–50 µM ticagrelor at 37 °C for 30 minutes to obtain the metabolite (AR-C124910XX). AR-C124910XX was detected by UHPLC-MS/MS to calculate the kinetic parameters, including Km, Vmax and CLint.

Results
Compared to the wild-type, most CYP3A4 alleles exhibited significant differences in intrinsic clearance. The intrinsic clearance of CYP3A4*11, *18 and *33 was much higher than that of wild-type; four variants exhibited similar intrinsic clearance values as the wild-type enzyme; The remaining 14 variants showed significantly reduced intrinsic clearance values, ranging from 1.48% to 75.11% of the wild-type; CYP3A4*30 displayed weak or no activity.

Conclusion
This study conducted a comprehensive assessment of the effect of CYP3A4 variants on ticagrelor’s metabolism. The results suggested that there is allele-specific activity towards ticagrelor in vitro. These findings can provide some insights and predictions for treatment strategies and risk assessments associated with ticagrelor in clinical practice.
Morphometric analysis of the skull base and palatal regions for gender identification using CBCT: a retrospective study
Authors: Uthman Asmaa , Marei Hesham , Elsayed Walid , Al-Bayati Sura F. , Shams Aldeen Hawraa , Shetty Shishir , Saeed Musab Hamed , Al-Rawi Natheer H. 
Published: September 2024

Objectives
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the accuracy of morphometry of skull base and palate in gender discrimination using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning and to assess the accuracy of the results among a sample of the Arab population

Materials & Methods
Using CBCT scans, a cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 142 consented patients who underwent various dental procedures at the University Dental Hospital, Sharjah (UDHS). Of these patients, 70 were females and 72 were males, with respective means of 38.5 and 36.2 years. Eleven parameters related to skull base and palatal region were measured on the CBCT scans by two expert radiologists followed by statistical analysis.

Results
There was significant gender-based difference in the mean palatal width (PW) (p = 0.001), mean palatal height (PH) (p = 0.005). Among other skull base region parameters that were significant in term of gender-based difference like; the clivus length (CL) (p < 0.001), occipital condyle height (OCH) (p < 0.001), basal angle (BA) (p = 0.006) and transverse diameter of foramen magnum (p = 0.003). Only palate variables showed a significant age difference. Discriminant analysis related to gender showed that occipital condyle height was the most accurate and best discriminator among the skull base region parameters.

Conclusion
The use of discriminant analysis in CBCT based on skull base and palatal region variables provides an efficient method for determining gender, which is particularly valuable in forensic science and anthropological research.

Significance of study
Accurate gender identification is crucial in forensic investigations, and the skull base region, being a stable and sexually dimorphic anatomical feature, can serve as a reliable marker for this purpose.
The relationship between the severity and complications of Henöch-Schönlein purpura in children and dietary inflammatory index: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Jinshu , Chen Pihou , Song Yijin , Wei Jiaxin , Wu Shiya , Wu Fan , Xu Zhiquan 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
To investigate the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and disease severity as well as complications in children diagnosed with Henöch-Schönlein purpura (HSP), shedding light on the potential influence of dietary factors on HSP.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted, enrolling children aged 2–14 years diagnosed with HSP. Participants were divided into low and Pro-inflammatory dietary groups based on their DII scores. Biomarkers, nutrient intake, blood lipid profiles and disease complications were compared between the two groups. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between DII and complications.

Results
A total of 115 patients, including 56 patients with anti-inflammatory dietary and 59 with pro-inflammatory dietary, were included. The pro-inflammatory dietary group demonstrated significantly elevated of C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood cell count, eosinophils, IgE, consumption of total calories, protein, carbohydrates, fiber, fat intake, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL cholesterol, complications of renal, skin, gastrointestinal, coagulation and respiratory in comparison to the anti-inflammatory dietary group. DII was positively correlated with renal, skin, gastrointestinal, coagulation and respiratory complications.

Conclusion
The study highlights the potential influence of dietary inflammatory potential, as quantified by the DII, on disease severity and complications in children with HSP. Understanding the interplay between dietary patterns and inflammatory responses in pediatric vasculitis has implications for the management of HSP, emphasizing the relevance of considering dietary interventions to optimize clinical outcomes and improve the overall well-being of affected children.
Soil Fertility Changes and Crop Productivity of Banana by Continuous Adoption of Banana-Cowpea Intercropping with Nutrient Management Practices
Authors: S. Sathya, , N.Akila  , K.Velmurugan  , S.Paulpandi  , N.Muthusamy  
Published: September 2024

A front line demonstration was conducted in farmer’s field in an area of 8 ha with Poovan Banana variety taken as test crop. Banana is being cultivated to an extent of 2000 ha in six major banana growing blocks in the Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu. Indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers and mono cropping of banana leads to widespread deficiency in available nutrients (OC-62%, N -67%, Zn-98%, B-58%). This leads to tremendous yield loss. Hence this study was conducted in randomized block design. From this study, it can be concluded that growing of cowpea as intercrop in banana along with application of integrated nutrient management practice (demo plot) observed higher available nutrient status than farmers practice. Among the all soil parameters, a noticeable increase was 29 kg in available nitrogen and 0.30% in organic carbon observed in soil after incorporation of cowpea along with recommended dose of nutrient application at timely interval. Growth and yield attributing characteristics also was recorded higher in demo plot than farmers practice (check). Highest banana yield of 34.80 t ha-1 was recorded in the demo plot (KVK intervention from sowing to harvest) whereas farmers practice (check) recorded 30.2 t ha-1. The demo yield proved its superiority by recording 15.07 % yield increase over check and having higher net return of Rs.1,89,543 with BC ratio 2.30 than check.
Effect of Soil Application of Organic Amendments on Flowering and Yield Parameters of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: S. R. Arya , M.M. Viji , R.V.Manju  , B Aparna , S. Sarada , Bhasi. Smitha 
Published: September 2024

The present investigation was conducted at Department of Plant physiology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani during the period from January 2023 to May 2023 with an objective to evaluate the effect of soil application of organic amendments on flowering and yield parameters of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.). Research was conducted to identify the best organic soil amendment suited to the chilli variety, Vellayani Athulya. Work consisted of 8 treatments and 3 replications with the design simple CRD. The treatments were T1-Control 1 [KAU Organic POP (OPOP) (2017) with FYM (25 t ha-1)], T2-Control 2 [KAU POP (2016)], T3-FYM substituted with vermicompost (12.5 t ha-1) as per KAU OPOP (2017), T4 -FYM substituted with goat manure (1t ha-1) as per KAU OPOP (2017), T5 -T1+ Rice husk biochar (0.5% w/w), T6- T2+ Rice husk biochar (0.5% w/w), T7- T3+ Rice husk biochar (0.5% w/w ) and T8- T4+ Rice husk biochar (0.5% w/w). The results revealed that the treatment T8-FYM substituted with goat manure (1t ha-1) as per KAU Organic POP(OPOP) (2017)+ rice husk biochar (0.5% w/w) resulted in better flowering and yield attributes in chilli. Also the same treatment showed superior performance in terms of number of flowers plant-1 (44.67), days to first flowering (22 days), days to first harvest (41 days), percentage of fruit setting (64.18%), number of fruits plant-1 (28.67), fruit length (15.30cm), fruit girth (9.30cm), fruit weight (17.70 g fruit -1) and yield (507.41 g plant-1). Thus, the combined application of goat manure (1t ha-1) as per KAU OPOP + rice husk biochar (0.5% w/w) proved to be a better soil organic amendment for chilli variety Vellayani Athulya.
Anthropogenic carbon in the ocean—Surface to interior connections
Authors: Groeskamp Sjoerd , Lenton Andrew , Matear Richard , Sloyan Bernadette M. , Langlais Clothilde 
Published: October 2016

AbstractQuantifying the surface to interior transport of anthropogenic carbon (CA) is critical for projecting future carbon uptake and for improved understanding of the role of the oceans in the global carbon cycle. Here we develop and apply a diagnostic tool that provides a volumetric stream function in (CA,σ0) coordinates to calculate the total diapycnal CA transport in the ocean, where σ0 is the surface referenced potential density anomaly. We combine this with air‐sea fluxes of CA to infer the internal ocean mixing of CA to obtain a closed globally integrated budget analyses of the ocean's CA transport. This diagnostic separates the contribution from the mean flow, seasonal cycles, trend, surface fluxes, and mixing in the distribution and the accumulation of CA in the ocean. We find that the redistribution of CA from the surface to the interior of the ocean is due to an interplay between circulation and mixing. The circulation component is dominated by the mean flow; however, effects due to seasonal cycles are significant for the CA redistribution. The two most important pathways for CA subduction are through the transformation of thermocline water (TW) into subantarctic mode water and by transformation of Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) into lighter Antarctic Intermediate Water. The results suggest that an accurate representation of intermediate and mode water formation, deep water formation, and spatial and temporal distribution of ocean mixing in ocean models is essential to simulate and project the oceanic uptake of CA.
The initiation of the poleward boundary intensification of auroral emission by fast polar cap flows: A new interpretation based on ionospheric polarization
Authors: Ohtani S. , Yoshikawa A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe auroral intensification at the poleward boundary of the auroral oval is often considered to be the ionospheric manifestation of the distant reconnection. In the present study, however, we propose that the poleward boundary intensifications (PBIs) are initiated by ionospheric polarization due to fast polar cap flows, which are known to be well correlated with PBIs. The current continuity at the ionosphere can be described in two different ways, that is, the reflection of an Alfvén wave and the closure of Pedersen and Hall currents with field‐aligned currents (FACs). The required consistency between the two approaches sets a framework for modeling the ionospheric polarization, and we numerically test the aforementioned idea focusing on an induced upward FAC as indicative of PBIs. The results show that in case the polar cap flow channel approaches the auroral oval perpendicularly from poleward, (i) upward and downward FACs are induced at the poleward boundary to the west and east of the longitudinal center of the flow channel, respectively; (ii) those induced FACs extend much wider in longitude than the flow channel; (iii) the peak densities of those induced FACs are significantly larger than those of the incident FACs; (iv) those induced FACs are distributed almost symmetrically in longitude, indicating that the Pedersen polarization dominates the Hall polarization; and (v) if the polar cap flow inclined dawnward (duskward), an upward (downward) FAC is induced first. These results are consistent with the reported characteristics of PBIs, which are rather difficult to explain otherwise.
Repeat‐associated non‐AUG translation from antisense CCG repeats in fragile X tremor/ataxia syndrome
Authors: Krans Amy , Kearse Michael G. , Todd Peter K. 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveRepeat‐associated non‐AUG (RAN) translation drives production of toxic proteins from pathogenic repeat sequences in multiple untreatable neurodegenerative disorders. Fragile X‐associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is one such condition, resulting from a CGG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the 5′ leader sequence of the FMR1 gene. RAN proteins from the CGG repeat accumulate in ubiquitinated inclusions in FXTAS patient brains and elicit toxicity. In addition to the CGG repeat, an antisense mRNA containing a CCG repeat is also transcribed from the FMR1 locus. We evaluated whether this antisense CCG repeat supports RAN translation and contributes to pathology in FXTAS patients.MethodsWe generated a series of CCG RAN translation‐specific reporters and utilized them to measure RAN translation from CCG repeats in multiple reading frames in transfected cells. We also developed antibodies against predicted CCG RAN proteins and used immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence on FXTAS patient tissues to measure their accumulation and distribution.ResultsRAN translation from CCG repeats is supported in all 3 potential reading frames, generating polyproline, polyarginine, and polyalanine proteins, respectively. Their production occurs whether or not the natural AUG start upstream of the repeat in the proline reading frame is present. All 3 frames show greater translation at larger repeat sizes. Antibodies targeted to the antisense FMR polyproline and polyalanine proteins selectively stain nuclear and cytoplasmic aggregates in FXTAS patients and colocalize with ubiquitinated neuronal inclusions.InterpretationRAN translation from antisense CCG repeats generates novel proteins that accumulate in ubiquitinated inclusions in FXTAS patients. Ann Neurol 2016;80:871–881
Inflationary universe with a viscous fluid avoiding self‐reproduction
Authors: Brevik I. , Elizalde E. , Obukhov V. V. , Timoshkin A. V. 
Published: October 2016

We consider a universe with a bulk viscous cosmic fluid, in a flat Friedmann‐Lemaitre‐Robertson‐Walker geometry. We derive the conditions for the existence of inflation, and those which at the same time prevent the occurrence of self‐reproduction. Our theoretical model gives results which are in perfect agreement with the most recent data from the PLANCK surveyor.image
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution with Silicon Electrophiles: Catalytic Friedel–Crafts C−H Silylation
Authors: Bähr Susanne , Oestreich Martin 
Published: October 2016

AbstractElectrophilic aromatic substitution is a fundamental reaction in synthetic chemistry. It converts C−H bonds of sufficiently nucleophilic arenes into C−X and C−C bonds using either stoichiometrically added or catalytically generated electrophiles. These reactions proceed through Wheland complexes, cationic intermediates that rearomatize by proton release. Hence, these high‐energy intermediates are nothing but protonated arenes and as such strong Brønsted acids. The formation of protons is an issue in those rare cases where the electrophilic aromatic substitution is reversible. This situation arises in the electrophilic silylation of C−H bonds as the energy of the intermediate Wheland complex is lowered by the β‐silicon effect. As a consequence, protonation of the silylated arene is facile, and the reverse reaction usually occurs to afford the desilylated arene. Several new approaches to overcome this inherent challenge of C−H silylation by SEAr were recently disclosed, and this Minireview summarizes this progress.
A Metallaanthracene and Derived Metallaanthraquinone
Authors: Frogley Benjamin J. , Wright L. James 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMetalla‐analogues of archetypal aromatic molecules are attracting ever increasing interest. Although metallabenzenes (which fall within this class) have been well studied, fused‐ring metallabenzenes are rare and of the linear polycyclic metallaaromatic hydrocarbons, only metallanaphthalene is known. Herein we report the first metallaanthracene, [Ir(C13H8{CH2CO2Me‐5})Cl(PPh3)2]O3SCF3 (5), which represents the next member of this series of polycyclic compounds. Structurally, 5 has a number of features in common with anthracene including fused‐ring planarity and bond‐length alternation. In analogues of classic reactions of anthracene, 5 forms a Diels–Alder adduct with maleic anhydride and on oxidation the unprecedented fused‐ring metallaanthraquinone, [Ir(C15H6O{Br‐6}{OMe‐7}{=O‐8}{=O‐15})Br(PPh3)2], is obtained.
ECSPECT prospective multicentre registry for single-port laparoscopic colorectal procedures
Authors: Weiss H , Zorron R , Vestweber K-H , Vestweber B , Boni L , Brunner W , Sietses C , Morales Conde S , Bulut O , Gash K , Dixon A R , Mittermair C , Klaus A , Stanger O , Weiss M , Muratore A , Hell T , Brunner E , Schirnhofer J , Pimpl K , Obrist C , Junghans T , Rink A , Straub E , Giehl J , Cassionotti E , Widmann B , Bischofberger S , Kalak N , Socas M , Alarcón I , Barranco A , Prunner U , Haunold I , Fink M , Marsanic P 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Background
The international multicentre registry ECSPECT (European Consensus of Single Port Expertise in Colorectal Treatment) was established to evaluate the general feasibility and safety of single-port colorectal surgery with regard to preoperative risk assessment.

Methods
Consecutive patients undergoing single-port colorectal surgery were enrolled from 11 European centres between March 2010 and March 2014. Data were analysed to assess patient-, technique- and procedure-dependent parameters. A validated sex-adjusted risk chart was developed for prediction of single-port colorectal surgery-related conversion and complications.

Results
Some 1769 patients were enrolled, 937 with benign and 832 with malignant conditions. Procedures were completed without additional trocars in 1628 patients (92·0 per cent). Conversion to open surgery was required in 75 patients (4·2 per cent) and was related to male sex and ASA fitness grade exceeding I. Conversions were more frequent in pelvic procedures involving the rectum compared with abdominal procedures (8·1 versus 3·2 per cent; odds ratio 2·69, P &lt; 0·001). Postoperative complications were observed in a total of 224 patients (12·7 per cent). Independent predictors of complications included male sex (P &lt; 0·001), higher ASA grade (P = 0·006) and rectal procedures (P = 0·002). The overall 30-day mortality rate was 0·5 per cent (8 of 1769 patients); three deaths (0·2 per cent; 1 blood loss, 2 leaks) were attributable to surgical causes.

Conclusion
The feasibility and safety, conversion and complication profile demonstrated here provides guidance for patient selection.
Recycling and Oligomerization Activity of Ni/Al Catalyst in a Biphasic System with Ionic Liquids
Authors: Behr Arno , Bayrak Zeynep , Samli Güner , Yildiz Dilbar , Korkmaz Vedat , Peitz Stefan , Stochniol Guido 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe catalyst decomposition in homogeneously catalyzed reactions is a very important factor that has been studied for the oligomerization of n‐butenes in a system of two liquid phases. A highly active catalyst [NiCl2(PMe3)2] was investigated with an emphasis on the long‐term catalyst activity using N‐methylpyrrole as a buffer. The recycling experiments indicated that this catalyst is viable for five runs. Furthermore, introducing aluminum chloride or an ionic liquid in small concentrations led to increased stability, though fine adjustments were necessary to arrive at optimal results.
Bifunctional Ammonium Salt Catalyzed Asymmetric α‐Hydroxylation of β‐Ketoesters by Simultaneous Resolution of Oxaziridines
Authors: Novacek Johanna , Izzo Joseph A. , Vetticatt Mathew J. , Waser Mario 
Published: October 2016

AbstractChiral bifunctional urea‐containing ammonium salts were found to be very efficient catalysts for asymmetric α‐hydroxylation reactions of β‐ketoesters with oxaziridines under base‐free conditions. The reaction is accompanied by a simultaneous kinetic resolution of the oxaziridine and a plausible and so far unprecedented bifunctional transition‐state model has been obtained by means of DFT calculations.