bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual Minority Athletes Between Concealment and Disclosure: A Multilevel Perspective on Coming Out in Sport
Authors: Menzel Tobias , Braumüller Birgit , Schlunski Tim , Hartmann-Tews Ilse 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Sexual orientation disclosure is a complex, multifaceted process and has not yet been sufficiently explored with regard to LGB + athletes.

Methods
Based on a multilevel model for understanding sexual minority athletes’ (SMA) experiences in sports, we adopt a mixed-method approach, analysing data from a European survey conducted in 2018 with 1749 LGB + athletes to identify factors that influence the decision of disclosure in sports.

Results
Multivariate analyses include factors at the macro level (legal situation, population density and gender-typing of sport), meso level (composition of friendships, type of sport and performance level) and micro level (age, sexual orientation, education level and athletic capital). The analysis shows that sexual orientation disclosure is less likely when respondents were younger, had a bisexual or other sexual orientation (compared to lesbian or gay), lower athletic abilities, fewer non-heterosexual friends, participated in individual sports (rather than in team sports) and lived in a country with less inclusive LGB + laws and regulations. Responses to open-ended survey questions highlight the relevance of inclusive sport contexts in terms of trust, safety and LGB + visibility.

Conclusions
Coming out in sports is influenced by manifold factors on macro, meso and micro levels, and only few of them have gender impact.

Policy Implications
Policymakers, administrators, coaches, and teammates are relevant stakeholders in sports to establish an environment of trust and safety that eventually leads to an upward spiral of LGB + visibility and the coming out of other SMA.
How Effective is the Regional Joint Environmental Policy in China? Evidence from Inverse Difference-in-Differences
Authors: Zhang Ningning , Yu Huayi , Zhu Ke 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper aims to evaluate the effects of the “2+26” policy launched by the Chinese government to improve air quality in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei and its surrounding region. In order to evaluate such policy interventions, we propose a new inverse difference-in-differences (IDID) framework, which can identify the average quasi-causal effect under the inverse common trend condition. Using a baseline IDID regression model, we find that the “2+26” policy has a significant effect on improving the air quality, since the policy would reduce the value of Air Quality Index by 9.338 on average, if it had been implemented in the pre-treatment period. In the supplementary materials, we also investigate the co-existing spatial–seasonal policy effects by using several heterogeneous IDID regression models and show the remarkable long-run quasi-benefits over the quasi-costs of the “2+26” policy in Beijing and Tianjin through a cost–benefit analysis. Supplementary materials accompanying this paper appear online.
The Overflow Effects of Movement Behaviour Change Interventions for Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Feng Jie , Huang Wendy Yajun , Zheng Chen , Jiao Jiao , Khan Asaduzzaman , Nisar Mehwish , Wong Stephen Heung-Sang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Considering the finite time within a 24-h day, the distribution of time spent on movement behaviours has been found to be associated with health outcomes.

Objectives
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarise and evaluate the overflow effects of interventions targeting a single behaviour (physical activity, sedentary behaviour/screen time, or sleep) on other non-targeted behaviours among children and adolescents.

Methods
Six databases (MEDLINE [Ovid], PsycINFO [ProQuest], EMBASE [Ovid], PubMed, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus [EBSCO]) were searched for relevant studies published before 13 May, 2024. Randomised controlled trials and clustered randomised controlled trials that targeted a single behaviour and also assessed the effects on non-targeted behaviours, comprised of healthy children under the age of 18 years, were included. Movement behaviours can be measured either objectively or subjectively. The revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials was adopted to evaluate the risk of bias.

Results
A total of 102 studies with 45,998 participants from 21 countries were identified, and 60 of them with 26,183 participants were incorporated into the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis demonstrated that physical activity interventions led to a reduction in the proportion of each day spent in sedentary behaviour (mean difference =  − 0.95% of wear time, 95% confidence interval − 1.44, − 0.45, I2 = 39%). Sedentary behaviour interventions resulted in increased standing time (mean difference = 3.87%, 95% confidence interval 1.99, 5.75, I2 = 0%). Interventions targeting screen time did not yield changes in physical activity or sleep. The findings on the effectiveness of sleep interventions on non-targeted behaviours and of physical activity interventions on sleep were inconclusive.

Conclusions
Overall, the findings suggested that interventions aimed at increasing physical activity or reducing sedentary behaviour had overflow effects on non-targeted behaviours, but the effect sizes were small. Additional evidence is needed to reach definitive conclusions regarding the impact of behaviour change interventions on sleep and of the overflow effects of sleep interventions.
Engineered Tools to Advance Cell Transplantation in the Nervous System Towards a Clinical Reality
Authors: Cozzone Isabella G. , Ortega Victoria L. , Dumont Courtney M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose of the Review
The goal of this review is to highlight engineered tools for overcoming challenges in cell survival and engraftment for tissue regeneration and mitigation of neuropathic pain following cell transplantation for neural applications.

Recent Findings
There is a growing body of evidence supporting the safety of cell transplantation for the treatment of injuries to the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. However, the efficacy of these cell therapies is inconclusive, and the path forward remains unclear due to a lack of evidence of transplant survival and engraftment. Engineered biomaterials offer promising pre-clinical evidence of enhanced survival and engraftment of cells transplanted within the nervous system. Biomaterials have been used alone or in combination with drug and gene delivery to direct cell transplant outcomes and represent a future direction for clinical evaluation given pre-clinical survival rates that may eliminate reliance on systemic immunosuppression.

Summary
Biomaterial approaches under pre-clinical evaluation can support cell survival, localize cells in the injured tissue where they are needed, and enable tissue engraftment, yet have not advanced towards the clinic. Existing biomaterials provide passive support of survival during delivery and/or place a premium on supporting cell engraftment, but active remediation of tissue-local inflammation that inhibits transplant survival and leads to neuropathic pain has seen very little advancement in recent years. Combinatorial approaches capable of addressing challenges in both survival and engraftment of cell transplants in the nervous system represent an area for significant growth in the coming years.
Mechanism of microbial action of the inoculated nitrogen-fixing bacterium for growth promotion and yield enhancement in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Li Peng , Tian Yunhe , Yang Kun , Tian Meijie , Zhu Yi , Chen Xinyu , Hu Ruiwen , Qin Tian , Liu Yongjun , Peng Shuguang , Yi Zhenxie , Liu Zhixuan , Ao Hejun , Li Juan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe use of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in agriculture is increasingly recognized as a sustainable method to boost crop yields, reduce chemical fertilizer use, and improve soil health. However, the microbial mechanisms by which inoculation with nitrogen-fixing bacteria enhance rice production remain unclear. In this study, rice seedlings were inoculated with the nitrogen-fixing bacterium R3 (Herbaspirillum) at the rhizosphere during the seedling stage in a pot experiment using paddy soil. We investigated the effects of such inoculation on nutrient content in the rhizosphere soil, plant growth, and the nitrogen-fixing microbial communities within the rhizosphere and endorhizosphere. The findings showed that inoculation with the R3 strain considerably increased the amounts of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and available phosphorus in the rhizosphere by 14.77%, 27.83%, and 22.67%, respectively, in comparison to the control (CK). Additionally, the theoretical yield of rice was enhanced by 8.81% due to this inoculation, primarily through a 10.24% increase in the effective number of rice panicles and a 4.14% increase in the seed setting rate. Further analysis revealed that the structure of the native nitrogen-fixing microbial communities within the rhizosphere and endorhizosphere were altered by inoculation with the R3 strain, significantly increasing the α-diversity of the communities. The relative abundance of key nitrogen-fixing genera such asRalstonia,Azotobacter,Geobacter,Streptomyces, andPseudomonaswere increased, enhancing the quantity and community stability of the nitrogen-fixing community. Consequently, the nitrogen-fixing capacity and sustained activity of the microbial community in the rhizosphere soil were strengthened. Additionally, the expression levels of the nitrogen absorption and transport-related genesOsNRT1andOsPTR9in rice roots were upregulated by inoculation with the R3 strain, potentially contributing to the increased rice yield. Our study has revealed the potential microbial mechanisms through which inoculation with nitrogen-fixing bacteria enhances rice yield. This finding provides a scientific basis for subsequent agricultural practices and is of critical importance for increasing rice production and enhancing the ecosystem services of rice fields.
Energising the Energy Literacy Debate for Environmental Education: Exploring Citizens’ Interest Levels, Knowledge Gaps and Individual Differences
Authors: Rets Irina , Whitelock Denise , Edwards Chris , Perryman Leigh-Anne , Goshtasbpour Fereshte 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEnergy literacy can empower individuals to make informed decisions about energy use. However, the level of public interest in learning about energy-related topics remains uncertain, and there is a dearth of research exploring energy literacy-related knowledge gaps. This mixed-methods study aimed to address those issues. A survey of 3,843 citizens from four European countries revealed that most citizens have only a moderate interest in learning about energy. Age, gender, educational level, income level, living situation and environmental attitudes appear to have a significant effect on individuals’ interests. The study identified key knowledge demand areas regarding saving energy and reducing costs, becoming self-sufficient in energy production and cooperating with others for more efficient energy use. The findings indicate that engagement with energy-related topics could be improved by considering affective factors such as individual interest. The study also reveals a need for greater interdisciplinarity in energy research.
Bio-futures for transplanetary habitats: a summary and key outcomes from the 2022 symposium
Authors: van Ellen Layla , Belling Anne-Sofie , Brandić Lipińska Monika , Nerlich Paula , Azzopardi Harry , Ciardullo Christina , Dade-Robertson Martyn , Holt Amy , James Paul , Deakin Roberts Aled , Vermeulen Angelo , Zhang Meng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Bio-Futures for Transplanetary Habitats (BFfTH) is a Special Interest Group within the Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment that aims to explore and enable interdisciplinary research on transplanetary habitats and habitats within extreme environments through an emphasis on the biosocial and biotechnological relations. BFfTH organized the online and onsite networking symposium BFfTH to examine how emerging biotechnologies, living materials, and more-than-human life can be implemented in habitat design and mission planning. The two-day symposium aimed to serve as a catalyst in establishing an international network and to support the development of novel methodologies to move beyond discipline-specific approaches. The symposium consisted of five sessions, including Mycelium for Mars and Novel Biotechnologies for Space Habitats. This opinion paper presents key outcomes and trends from these sessions, a moderated panel, and informal discussions. The identified research trends explored the use of biotechnology and biodesign to enhance safety, sustainability, habitability, reliability, crew efficiency, productivity, and comfort in extreme environments on Earth and off-world. Beyond design and engineering, the symposium also examined sociotechnical imaginaries, focusing on desired experiences and characteristics of life and technology in transplanetary futures. Some of the specific topics included innovative material-driven processes for transplanetary habitat design, socio-political and ethical implications, and technology transfer for sustainable living on Earth. The outcomes emphasize the necessity for advancing biosocial and biotechnological research from an interdisciplinary perspective in order to ethically and meaningfully enable transplanetary futures. Such a focus not only addresses future off-world challenges but also contributes to immediate ecological and architectural innovations, promoting a symbiotic relationship between space exploration and sustainability on Earth.
The Ignored Impact of the Livestock Sector on Climate Change: An Analysis from the Perspective of International Law
Authors: Lima Melina Moreira Campos 
Published: September 2024

AbstractClimate change stands as the paramount challenge confronting humanity in the contemporary era. Attempting to address the problem, the main sectors responsible for it have been subject to domestic or international policies and laws aimed at reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, except one: livestock. Given that animal-sourced food production contributes a large portion of GHG emissions, this Article aims to analyze the impacts that the exclusion of the livestock sector, in efforts to tackle climate change, would have on compliance with international treaties on the subject, especially the Paris Agreement. One conclusion reveals that state parties, by ignoring the sector, will violate several articles of the Agreement, which will likely lead to the failure of its main purpose of holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C.
Multi-band optical variability on diverse timescales of blazar 1E 1458.8+2249
Authors: Özdönmez Aykut , Tekkeşinoğlu Murat 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study presents an analysis of the optical variability of the blazar 1E 1458.8+2249 on diverse timescales using multi-band observations, including observations in the optical BVRI bands carried out with the T60 and T100 telescopes from 2020 to 2023 and ZTF gri data from 2018 to 2023. On seven nights, we searched for intraday variability using the power-enhanced F-test and the nested ANOVA test, but no significant variability was found. The long-term light curve shows a variability behaviour in the optical BVRI bands with amplitudes of$\sim$100% and in the gri bands with amplitudes of$\sim$120%, including short-term variability of up to$\sim$1.1 mag. Correlation analysis revealed a strong correlation between the optical multi-band emissions without any time lag. From 62 nightly spectral energy distributions, we obtained spectral indices between 0.826 and 1.360, with an average of$1.128\pm0.063$. The relationships of both spectral indices and colour with respect to brightness indicate a mild BWB trend throughout the observation period, both intraday and long-term. We also performed a periodicity search using the weighted wavelet Z-transform and Lomb–Scargle methods. A recurrent optical emission pattern with a quasi-periodicity of$\sim$340 days is detected in the combined V- andR-band light curves. The observational results indicate that the blazar 1E 1458.8+2249 has a complex variability, while emphasising the need for future observations to unravel its underlying mechanisms.
Lesotho and the QwaQwa Ski Resort, 1975–82: Border Disputes and South Africa's Increasingly Deadly Responses
Authors: Aerni-Flessner John , Twala Chitja 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the late 1970s and early 1980s, the terrain of the diplomatic and security landscape of Southern Africa shifted dramatically. South Africa declared various Bantustans “independent,” but they were not recognized by other countries. Small regional states like Lesotho increasingly took more combative diplomatic stances, aided by Cold War connections and, in this case, a local border dispute. This article examines a proposed ski resort that South Africa wanted to build in the QwaQwa Bantustan on Lesotho's border starting in 1975. Because of Lesotho's diplomatic and military escalation, the Khoptjoane resort was never built, but the lengthy dispute contributed to the sidelining of the apartheid regime's diplomats in favor of its securocrats. Thus, we argue the failed ski resort contributed to the atmosphere in which Pretoria greenlit the Maseru Massacre of 1982, presaging the apartheid regime's increased 1980s willingness to use its military superiority against township residents and Southern African neighbors alike.
Companionship With God in Divine Solitude
Authors: Farrell Ambrose 
Published: September 2024

God not only loves his creatures as a craftsman does his work, but also by a kind of social friendship, as a friend does a friend, inasmuch as he attracts them into the society of his own enjoyment. This he does that their glory and blessedness may be that which is his.Saint Thomas is here speaking of the amicable society. between God, Three in One, and the soul endowed with grace, which finds its full enjoyment in the communion of saints to which God’s love attracts. This companionship in holiness is entirely suited to man’s social nature, though it transcends the powers of nature, and every human hope and aspiration. According to St John, those who see God have eternal life.—This is eternal life, that they may know thee, the only true God. (Jn. 17, 3.)In spite of this, Christians frequently do not live up to the ideals of their Master. The antidote for such human weakness cannot be to water down those very ideals so as to make them more acceptable to unbelieving critics.
On the Need for Recollection
Authors: Graef H. C. 
Published: September 2024

Nothing is really necessary for us except God. To find God means recollecting our mind in him. And in order better to recollect one’s mind, all superfluous intercourse and friendships as well as unnecessary talk must be cut out; nor should a man desire to learn novelties; but he should rather shun all things by which the mind is distracted, and begin to consider the abyss of his miseries… for in all the world I delight only in two things, namely in knowing God and myself.
Bl. Angela de Foligno.

These words were written in the fourteenth century, when Europe and Christendom were still synonymous terms. They speak of a state of mind and soul almost unknown in our modern world save to the few who profess to lead the contemplative life. Yet this state, which is called recollection, or the ‘gathering together’ of one’s thoughts and desires, is perhaps more necessary now than in other times, for it is the one means by which our age can be restored to sanity.
Clay sealings from Perlis, Malaysia, and the wider world of the Bodhigarbhālaṅkāralakṣa-Dhāraṇī
Authors: Ooi Eng Jin , Khaw Nasha Rodziadi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMultiple copies of a particular clay sealing bearing the Buddhist Bodhigarbhālaṅkāralakṣa-dhāraṇī (mantra) inscription were discovered in Gua Berhala—a cave in Perlis, Malaysia. These sealings can be roughly assigned to the tenth century and they appear to have been stamped with an identical seal. However, critical reading of the textual rendition of the dhāraṇī had not yet been done despite several attempts to study it. Therefore, based on several fragments of these sealings, this article provides a detailed reading and translation of the dhāraṇī and considers the cultural significance of their production. The article also examines the textual structure of this Perlis dhāraṇī and compares it with similar dhāraṇīs preserved in a palm-leaf manuscript and other materials found across Asia. This includes a survey on the wider transmission of the dhāraṇī in the continent. In this comparative exercise, the physical characteristics of the Perlis sealing appear to be unique and express a distinct artistic style, while its textual tradition is slightly compressed compared with others, with no identical equivalent found elsewhere. This observation suggests that Perlis, with its proximity to the Bujang Valley, participated in the wider network of dhāraṇī culture rooted in Eastern India and was just not a passive recipient of this practice.
Ibn Khaldūn's reception in colonial South Asia
Authors: Syed Baqar Hassan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractScholars commenting on the reception of the historian and theorist ‘Abd al-Raḥmān Ibn Khaldūn (1332–1406) in modern South Asia have held that it was orientalists and Westernised intellectuals rather than indigenous intellectuals who popularised him in the region. Contesting these impressions, I argue that local intellectuals displayed their agency in using the historian's work to respond to various crises of colonial modernity. They read, translated, and appropriated Ibn Khaldūn to seek inspiration for modern Muslim nationalism, as validation for sectarian convictions and the rhetoric of Islamic reform, and to resist colonial and Hindu revivalist narratives of despotic Muslim rule in India.
The role of political institutions in the Eurozone's economic convergence process
Authors: Lopez-Gomez Laura 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the nexus between per capita income convergence and political institutions within the Eurozone. Employing data spanning the years 2002–2019, the research initially identifies multiple convergence clusters and subsequently examines the relationship between the creation of these clusters and different aspects of political institutions. The findings reveal that there are multiple steady states in the Eurozone, and their formation is notably influenced by political institutions alongside other conventional economic determinants derived from the Solow model. Furthermore, the study underscores that improvements in regulatory quality, as well as in aspects such as democracy, government effectiveness, and corruption control, positively impact income convergence across all member countries. These findings carry significant policy implications.