bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RELAÇÕES HÍDRICAS E SOLUTOS ORGÂNICOS EM PLANTAS JOVENS DE <i>Jatropha curcas</i> L. SOB DIFERENTES REGIMES HÍDRICOS
Authors: Moura Adenilda Ribeiro de , Nogueira Rejane Jurema Mansur Custódio , Silva José Antônio Aleixo da , Lima Tarcísio Viana de 
Published: July 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as relações hídricas e os solutos orgânicos em plantas de Jatropha curcas L. submetidas a deficit hídrico e cultivadas em casa de vegetação. O delineamento foi o inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos hídricos (T1 -100%, T2 - 80%, T3 - 60% e T4 - 40% da Capacidade de Pote) e seis repetições, durante 120 dias. Foi avaliado o potencial hídrico foliar (Ψf), teor relativo de água, teores de clorofila a, b e total, carotenoides e a estimativa desses pigmentos pelo medidor de clorofila (SPAD). Para a avaliação bioquímica foram quantificados os teores de carboidratos, proteínas, aminoácidos e prolina nas folhas aos 60, 90 e 120 dias, e no final do experimento foram avaliados os mesmos solutos nas raízes. Houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos para Ψf nas três épocas de avaliação e entre os tratamentos. As plantas com 60% e 40% CP apresentaram valores mais negativos em relação às plantas-controle ao meio-dia. Aos 120 dias, o tratamento T4 apresentou uma redução de 22,2% no teor relativo de água em relação ao controle. Os carotenoides, aos 120 dias, oscilaram entre 0,29 a 0,39 mg/g MF. Os aminoácidos e carboidratos aumentaram nas folhas do tratamento com 80% Capacidade de Pote aos 120 dias de diferenciação hídrica. Aos 60, 90 e 120 dias, a clorofila a apresentou um aumento no T4 em relação ao controle. Os teores de clorofila pelo o Índice SPAD variaram de (26,1 a 34,5). Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a Jatropha curcas é uma espécie tolerante à seca e com grandes potencialidades econômicas para o semiárido brasileiro.
AVALIAÇÃO DA RESTAURAÇÃO PASSIVA DE UMA ÁREA DE MATA ATLÂNTICA APÓS O CORTE RASO DE UMA PLANTAÇÃO DE <i>Cupressus lusitanica </i>MILL
Authors: Cielo-Filho Roque , Souza Joice Aparecida Dias de 
Published: July 2016

Cupressus lusitanica Mill. possui um potencial relativamente baixo para promover a regeneração de espécies nativas sob o dossel da floresta. Entretanto, após o corte raso de uma plantação de Cupressus lusitanica na Floresta Estadual de Avaré (FEA), sudeste do Brasil, uma vigorosa regeneração de espécies arbustivoarbóreas da floresta Atlântica foi observada. Avaliou-se a restauração passiva desse sítio comparando sua vegetação com a vegetação estabelecida em clareiras artificiais abertas em floresta secundária no Parque Estadual da Cantareira (PEC), sudeste do Brasil. A distribuição de frequência de síndromes de dispersão para espécies e a taxa de redução da abundância das espécies pioneiras em um gráfico de rol de abundância não diferiram entre as duas áreas. As curvas de rarefação para riqueza de espécies e diversidade do PEC ficaram abaixo das curvas correspondentes da FEA. As proporções de espécies não pioneiras e de indivíduos de espécies não pioneiras foram maiores na FEA. A distribuição de frequência de síndromes de dispersão para indivíduos diferiu entre as duas áreas devido a uma predominância mais acentuada de zoocoria na FEA. A taxa de redução da abundância das espécies não pioneiras em um gráfico de rol de abundância foi menor na FEA. Concluiu-se que a restauração passiva pode recuperar atributos da vegetação nativa após o corte raso de plantações florestais desprovidas de conspícua regeneração de espécies nativas no sub-bosque. No entanto, esse fenômeno pode ser influenciado por propriedades particulares da espécie florestal, práticas de exploração e integridade da dispersão de sementes pela fauna.
CLOSED-FORM SOLUTION TO AN ECONOMIC GROWTH LOGISTIC MODEL WITH CONSTANT MIGRATION
Authors: Juchem Neto João Plínio , Claeyssen Julio Cesar Ruiz , Ritelli Daniele , Scarpello Giovanni Mingari 
Published: July 2016

This paper considers a Solow-Swan economic growth model with the labor force ruled by the logistic equation added by a constant migration rate, I. We prove the global asymptotic stability of the capital and production per capita. Considering a Cobb-Douglas production function, we show this model to have a closed-form solution, which is expressed in terms of the Beta and Appell F1 special functions. We also show, through simulations, that if I>0, it implies in a smaller capital and product per capita in the short term, but in a higher capital and product per capita in the middle and long terms. In both cases, these per capita variables converge to the same steady-state given by the model without migration. If I<0 the transient behavior is the opposite. Finally, if I=0, we recover the solution for the pure logistic case, involving Gauss' Hypergeometric Function 2F1.
INFORMATION MEASURES FOR RECORD RANKED SET SAMPLES
Authors: Tahmasebi Saeid , Afshari Mahmoud , Eskandarzadeh Maryam 
Published: July 2016

Salehi and Ahmadi (2014) introduced a new sampling scheme for generating record-breaking data called record ranked set sampling. In this paper, we consider the uncertainty and information content of record ranked set samples (RRSS) in terms of Shannon entropy, Rényi and Kullback-Leibler (KL) information measures. We show that the difference between the Shannon entropy of RRSS and the simple random samples (SRS) is depends on the parent distribution F. We also compare the information content of RRSS with a SRS data in the uniform, exponential, Weibull, Pareto, and gamma distributions. We obtain similar results for RRSS under the Rényi information. Finally, we show that the KL information between the distribution of SRS and distribution of RRSS is distribution-free and increases as the sample size increases.
ESTUDO DA VIABILIDADE DE IMPLANTAÇÃO DE UM ROTEIRO TURÍSTICO COM ÊNFASE AO TURISMO CEMITERIAL
Authors: Santos Nara Rejane Zamberlan dos , Vogel Hamilton Munari , Weber Mirla Andrade 
Published: July 2016

The cemeteries, nowadays, can be understood as places for reflections since we’ve lived in a world with profound transformations. The cemetery space from São Gabriel-RS was the object of study as well as another burial places in the city as Capela dos Fuzilados and Capela dos Noivinhos and the funerary niche with the monsignor Henrique Rech remains, at Matriz Church, for the purpose of a history reading, assets and throught their attractives, check the possibility of actions for valuation of those places to make a city sightseeing tour. Based on literature review, place visits and documentation, the research developed at the city main site – cemetery, more places of the city where it’s admitted to find buried people who became popular saints in the collective imagination. The collected data matches to expectation of high valued cultural, historical and patrimonial places, however it points to a need of public or private initiatives both to this patrimony safeguard and to the possibility of exploration as a city sightseeing tour.
AVALIAÇÃO DA GESTÃO DOS RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS DE SAÚDE DA IRMANDADE SANTA CASA DE CARIDADE DE SÃO GABRIEL-RS SOB A ÓTICA DA NOVA LEGISLAÇÃO BRASILEIRA
Authors: Pereira Ana Paula da Motta , Moraes Beatriz Stoll 
Published: July 2016

The increasing awareness about the risks on public health and environment, caused by solid residues generated by health service, is mainly due to its infectious fractions. In Brazil, there's thousand health units producing these residues and, in most cities, the handling issue and final arrangement are not yet resolved. The Irmandade da Santa Casa of São Gabriel, RS, acknowledging its responsability as generator of health residues sought to adjust to the legislation and minimize the impacts caused on the environment and others afected by its activities. Thus, the present study sought to, through exploratory research, analyze the conditions of the management of solid wastes on health services which are produced by Irmandade da Santa Casa in order to verify the compliance with the existing legal standards. The present study used the resolution of the executive board ( DC ) 306/2004 of the National Health Surveillance Agency ( ANVISA ), the Resolution 358/2005 of the National Environment Council ( CONAMA ) , and 2010 12.305 law which establishes the national policy on solid waste to evaluate and compare the reality of the institution. Through research it was possible to identify strengths and weaknesses on the management of waste as well as some necessary adjustments based on the current legislation.
Effect of Function-Enhanced Mesenchymal Stem Cells Infected With Decorin-Expressing Adenovirus on Hepatic Fibrosis
Authors: Jang Yoon Ok , Cho Mee-Yon , Yun Chae-Ok , Baik Soon Koo , Park Kyu-Sang , Cha Seung-Kuy , Chang Sei Jin , Kim Moon Young , Lim Yoo Li , Kwon Sang Ok 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are known to have an antifibrotic effect and could be used as vehicles for targeted gene delivery. Decorin plays a protective role against fibrogenesis by modulating the degradation of the extracellular matrix. The aim of this study was to determine whether the antifibrotic effect of a combination treatment consisting of BM-MSCs and decorin on hepatic fibrosis is superior to BM-MSCs alone. The effects of BM-MSCs infected with decorin-expressing adenovirus (DCN-MSCs) on hepatic fibrosis were examined in a rat model of thioacetamide (TAA)-induced cirrhosis. The effects of infection with decorin-expressing adenovirus and of incubation with the conditioned medium of DCN-MSCs on transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling were analyzed in immortalized human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). According to the Laennec fibrosis scoring system, cirrhotic livers from rats treated with DCN-MSCs exhibited histological improvement compared with cirrhotic livers from rats treated with control adenovirus-infected MSCs (CA-MSCs). DCN-MSC treatment reduced hepatic collagen distribution, lowered the hydroxyproline content, and rescued liver function impairment in rats with TAA-induced cirrhosis. These protective effects were more potent with DCN-MSCs than with CA-MSCs. The upregulation of collagen-1, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), TGF-β1, and Smad3 phosphorylation in cirrhotic livers was prevented by DCN-MSC administration. Intriguingly, medium from cultured DCN-MSCs blocked both Smad3 phosphorylation and exogenous TGF-β1 stimulated α-SMA synthesis in HSCs. DCN-MSCs exert strong protective effects against hepatic fibrosis by suppressing TGF-β/Smad signaling. Thus, treatment with DCN-MSCs is a potentially novel and efficient therapeutic approach for patients with intractable cirrhosis.

Significance
A combination treatment consisting of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and decorin strongly inhibited the progression of thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats, compared with BM-MSCs alone. Furthermore, the significant inhibitory effect of BM-MSCs infected with decorin-expressing adenovirus was attributed to suppressing transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway, supported by attenuation of TGF-β1 expression and inhibition of Smad3 phosphorylation. Therefore, treatment with BM-MSCs infected with decorin-expressing adenovirus could constitute a novel and efficient therapeutic approach for patients with intractable cirrhosis.
Quantitative Description of Medical Student Interest in Neurology and Psychiatry
Authors: Ramos Raddy L. , Cuoco Joshua A. , Guercio Erik , Levitan Thomas 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Context: Given the well-documented shortage of physicians in primary care and several other specialties, quantitative understanding of residency application and matching data among osteopathic and allopathic medical students has implications for predicting trends in the physician workforce.

Objectives: To estimate medical student interest in neurology and psychiatry based on numbers of applicants and matches to neurology and psychiatry osteopathic and allopathic residency programs. Also, to gauge students’ previous academic experience with brain and cognitive sciences.

Methods: The number of available postgraduate year 1 positions, applicants, and matches from graduating years 2011 through 2015 were collected from the National Matching Services Inc and the American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine for osteopathic programs and the National Resident Matching Program and the Association of American Medical Colleges for allopathic programs. To determine and compare osteopathic and allopathic medical students’ interest in neurology and psychiatry, the number of positions, applicants, and matches were analyzed considering the number of total osteopathic and allopathic graduates in the given year using 2-tailed χ2 analyses with Yates correction. In addition, osteopathic and allopathic medical schools’ websites were reviewed to determine whether neurology and psychiatry rotations were required. Osteopathic medical students’ reported undergraduate majors were also gathered.

Results: Compared with allopathic medical students, osteopathic medical students had significantly greater interest (as measured by applicants) in neurology (χ2
1=11.85, P<.001) and psychiatry (χ2
1=39.07, P<.001), and an equal proportion of osteopathic and allopathic medical students matched in neurology and psychiatry residency programs. Approximately 6% of osteopathic vs nearly 85% of allopathic medical schools had required neurology rotations. Nearly 10% of osteopathic applicants and matriculants had undergraduate coursework in brain and cognitive sciences.

Conclusion: Osteopathic medical students demonstrated greater interest than allopathic medical students in neurology and psychiatry based on the proportion of residency program applicants but similar interests as measured by matches. Required rotations did not appear to influence students’ interests.
Assessment of Research Interests of First-Year Osteopathic Medical Students
Authors: Carter John , McClellan Nicholas , McFaul Derek , Massey Blaine L. , Guenther Elisabeth , Kisby Glen 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Context: According to a 2014 survey, 59% of students entering allopathic medical school reported previous research experience. However, limited data exist on the amount of research experience that students have before entering osteopathic medical school. A strong understanding of the research skills and level of interest of first-year osteopathic medical students is essential for developing research programs at osteopathic medical schools. Limited data exist on the amount of research experience that students have before starting osteopathic medical school. A strong understanding of the research skills and level of interest of first-year medical students is essential for developing research programs at osteopathic medical schools.

Objective: To determine the amount of previous research experience of first-year osteopathic medical students, their level of interest in participating in research during medical school, the factors influencing their interest in research, and their research fields of interest.

Methods: First-year osteopathic medical students (class of 2019) at the Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific in Pomona, California (WesternU/COMP), and Pacific-Northwest in Lebanon, Oregon (WesternU/COMP-Northwest), campuses were surveyed about their previous research experiences and whether they were interested in participating in research during medical school. Surveys were administered through an anonymous online portal. Responses were evaluated for evidence of interest in conducting research.

Results: Of the 346 osteopathic medical students invited to participate in the study, the response rate was 77% (N=266). A total of 167 from WesternU/COMP and 99 from the WesternU/COMP-Northwest responded. More than 215 students (81%) reported they had participated in research before entering medical school. In addition, 200 students (75%) either expressed a strong interest in participating in research during medical school or were currently conducting research. Among research areas, clinical research was the overwhelming favorite, with 218 students (82%) expressing interest.

Conclusion: First-year osteopathic students may have comparable amounts of research experience as allopathic medical students. Although these findings are limited to 2 campuses of 1 osteopathic medical school, they suggest that first-year osteopathic medical students are highly motivated to participate in research while in medical school.
Representing 3‐D cloud radiation effects in two‐stream schemes: 2. Matrix formulation and broadband evaluation
Authors: Hogan Robin J. , Schäfer Sophia A. K. , Klinger Carolin , Chiu J. Christine , Mayer Bernhard 
Published: July 2016

AbstractEstimating the impact of radiation transport through cloud sides on the global energy budget is hampered by the lack of a fast radiation scheme suitable for use in global atmospheric models that can represent these effects in both the shortwave and longwave. This two‐part paper describes the development of such a scheme, which we refer to as the Speedy Algorithm for Radiative Transfer through Cloud Sides (SPARTACUS). The principle of the method is to add extra terms to the two‐stream equations to represent lateral transport between clear and cloudy regions, which vary in proportion to the length of cloud edge as a function of height. The present paper describes a robust and accurate method for solving the coupled system of equations in both the shortwave and longwave in terms of matrix exponentials. This solver has been coupled to a correlated‐k model for gas absorption. We then confirm the accuracy of SPARTACUS by performing broadband comparisons with fully 3‐D radiation calculations by the Monte Carlo model “MYSTIC” for a cumulus cloud field, examining particularly the percentage change in cloud radiative effect (CRE) when 3‐D effects are introduced. In the shortwave, SPARTACUS correctly captures this change to CRE, which varies with solar zenith angle between −25% and +120%. In the longwave, SPARTACUS captures well the increase in radiative cooling of the cloud, although it is only able to correctly simulate the 30% increase in surface CRE (around 4 W m−2) if an approximate correction is made for cloud clustering.
Cutaneous Mucinoses
Authors: Rongioletti Franco 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe cutaneous mucinoses are a heterogeneous group of disorders whose main characteristic is abnormal mucin deposition in the skin. The aetiopathogenesis of cutaneous mucinoses is unknown, although cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor α and β, interleukin 1, interleukin 6 and transforming growth factor β and/or polyclonal and monoclonal immunoglobulins and other unidentified factors in the serum of affected patients may induce up‐regulation of glycosaminoglycan synthesis. The cutaneous mucinoses are divided into two categories: (i) primary cutaneous mucinoses in which the mucin deposit is the main histological feature resulting in clinically distinctive lesions; and (ii) secondary mucinoses in which the mucin deposition is only an additional histological epiphenomenon. Primary mucinoses can be divided into dermal and follicular mucinoses. The former includes lichen myxoedematosus, reticular erythematous mucinosis, scleroedema, mucinoses in thyroid disease, papular and nodular mucinosis in connective tissue diseases, self‐healing juvenile cutaneous mucinosis, cutaneous focal mucinosis, digital myxoid cyst; the latter include Pinkus follicular mucinosis and urticaria‐like follicular mucinosis. Associated disorders include paraproteinaemia (scleromyxoedema, scleroedema), diabetes mellitus (scleroedema), hyperthyroidism (pretibial myxoedema), hypothyroidism (generalized myxoedema) and lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis or scleroderma (papular and nodular mucinosis in connective tissue diseases).
Cutaneous Vasculitis
Authors: Levell Nick J. , Mukhtyar Chetan 
Published: July 2016

OverviewVasculitis is usually a multisystem disorder that presents in a myriad of ways. Diagnosis is based on a detailed history and careful examination. Patients may present to different specialties and their care should be led by a multidisciplinary team involving physicians with a specialist interest in vasculitis. Vasculitis can be classified by aetiology or by calibre of the vessel involved. The accepted nomenclature was defined by an international consensus meeting held in 2012; cutaneous vasculitides are considered under the umbrella of ‘single organ vasculitis’, although the classification has been expanded in this chapter. Ill‐defined entities that do not have an identified pathological basis have not been included. It should be recognized that names and classifications will change in the future with greater understanding of the underlying mechanisms of disease. The treatment of primary vasculitis involves immunosuppression. The balance between disease severity and adverse effects of treatment requires expertise and experience in management of these rare conditions. Secondary vasculitis may be due to infection, drugs, malignancy or inflammatory disease. Treating the underlying condition may resolve the vasculitis.
Membranen aus zweidimensionalen Materialien: eine neue Familie hochleistungsfähiger Trennmembranen
Authors: Liu Gongping , Jin Wanqin , Xu Nanping 
Published: July 2016

AbstractSeit einiger Zeit werden zweidimensionale (2D‐)Materialien mit einer Dicke im atomaren Bereich als Nanobaueinheiten verwendet, um hochleistungsfähige Trennmembranen zu entwickeln, die einzigartige Nanoporen und/oder Nanokanäle bieten. Diese 2D‐Material‐Membranen zeigen außergewöhnliche Permeationseigenschaften, was einen neuen Weg zu ultraschnellen und hoch selektiven Membranen für die Wasser‐ und Gastrennung ebnet. In diesem Kurzaufsatz fassen wir die letzten richtungsweisenden Studien zu 2D‐Material‐Membranen in Form von Nanoblättern und schichtförmigen Membranen zusammen, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf den Ausgangsmaterialien, den Nanostrukturen und den Transporteigenschaften liegen wird. Außerdem diskutieren wir kurz Herausforderungen und zukünftige Richtungen der 2D‐Material‐Membran für eine verbreitete Umsetzung in der Praxis.