bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asthma and health-related quality of life at 16–20 years of age in a prospectively followed post-bronchiolitis cohort
Authors: Laitinen Sonja , Lauhkonen Eero , Saarikallio Sanna , Riikonen Riikka , Keränen Ninni , Korppi Matti , Heikkilä Paula 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe aim was to evaluate asthma and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes in adolescents, after hospital-treated bronchiolitis experienced in less than 6 months of age. A prospective cohort study started in 2001–2004 and followed up 166 children hospitalised for bronchiolitis in early infancy. At 16–20 years of age, 76 cases and 41 population-based controls without a history of bronchiolitis participated in the current study. Clinical asthma, presumptive symptoms and HRQoL data were collected with a structured questionnaire and the St. Georges Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Flow-volume spirometry was measured before and after bronchodilator administration. Asthma was present in 21.1% of cases in the post-bronchiolitis cohort compared to 9.8% in the control group (p = 0.21). Also, 35.5% of cases and 19.5% of controls reported dyspnea during the last 12 months (p = 0.04). In addition, total SGRQ scores were higher in the bronchiolitis group (4.26) than in the control group (1.67, p < 0.001) referring to a reduced health-related quality of life. Conclusion: Viral bronchiolitis in early infancy was associated with increased respiratory symptoms and lower health-related quality of life at age 16–20 years.

What is known:• The prevalence of asthma at the school age and adolescence is increased after hospitalisation required bronchiolitis in infancy compared to those without hospitalisation due to bronchiolitis.

What is new:• Viral bronchiolitis requiring hospitalisation in early infancy was associated with increased respiratory symptoms, such as dyspnoea, and lower health-related quality of life at age 16–20 years in a prospectively followed post-bronchiolitis cohort.
Sonifying gait kinematics: generating water wading sounds through a digital Foley approach
Authors: Kantan Prithvi Ravi , Dahl Sofia , Serafin Stefania , Spaich Erika G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the growing field of sonic interaction design, increasing emphasis is being placed on walking-based interactions within an array of applications, including virtual reality, interactive media, and rehabilitation. Our study focuses on recreating the aural experience of wading through water, specifically the challenge of eliciting accurate and natural movement-sound associations for wading, both in interactive and listening-only contexts. We engineered a real-time wading simulation using a digital Foley technique that maps lower limb angular velocity contours to the intensity of steady-state flowing sounds. Our first iteration was evaluated in a perceptual experiment involving 16 participants, as well as an interactive test with 9 participants, which revealed the need for additional sensors along with time-domain preprocessing to ensure a consistently natural sound envelope across walking cadences (step tempi). We then refined the mapping function and incorporated more sound layers. In our subsequent listening test, 55 participants compared the realism of the initial and refined versions with real-life wading sounds at various step cadences. While the refined version demonstrated a notable improvement over the initial one and was deemed fairly realistic overall, it fell just short of the authenticity of the real-life recordings at faster cadences, suggesting room for further improvement of our simulation. Nevertheless, this research marks a stride in the evolution of walking-based sonic interactions, instigating wider acceptance and application of such systems in the future.
Virtual reality: towards a better prediction of full body illusion — a mediation model for healthy young women
Authors: Meschberger-Annweiler Franck-Alexandre , Ascione Mariarca , Porras-Garcia Bruno , Mendoza-Medialdea Maria Teresa , Prieto-Perpiña Julia , Fuste-Escolano Adela , Ruiz-Rodriguez Jose , Ferrer-Garcia Marta , Gutierrez-Maldonado Jose 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe application of advanced embodied technologies, particularly virtual reality (VR), has been suggested as a means to induce the full-body illusion (FBI). This technology is employed to modify different facets of bodily self-consciousness, which involves the sense of inhabiting a physical form, and is influenced by cognitive inputs, affective factors like body dissatisfaction, individual personality traits and suggestibility. Specifically, VR-based Mirror Exposure Therapies are used for the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN). This study aims to investigate whether the “Big Five” personality dimensions, suggestibility, body dissatisfaction and/or body mass index can act as predictors for FBI, either directly or acting as a mediator, in young women of similar gender and age as most patients with AN. The FBI of 156 healthy young women immersed in VR environment was induced through visuomotor and visuo-tactile stimulations, and then assessed using the Avatar Embodiment Questionnaire, comprising four dimensions: Appearance, Ownership, Response, and Multi-Sensory. Data analysis encompassed multiple linear regressions and SPSS PROCESS macro’s mediation model. The findings revealed that the “Big Five” personality dimensions did not directly predict FBI in healthy young women, but Openness to experience, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism exerted an indirect influence on some FBI components through the mediation of suggestibility.
Point cluster analysis using weighted random labeling
Authors: Sadahiro Yukio , Yamada Ikuho 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a new method of point cluster analysis. There are at least three important points that we need to consider in the evaluation of point clusters. The first is spatial inhomogeneity, i.e., the inhomogeneity of locations where points can be located. The second is aspatial inhomogeneity, which indicates the inhomogeneity of point characteristics. The third is an explicit representation of the geographic scale of analysis. This paper proposes a method that considers these points in a statistical framework. We develop two measures of point clusters: local and global. The former permits us to discuss the spatial variation in point clusters, while the latter indicates the global tendency of point clusters. To test the method’s validity, this paper applies it to the analysis of hypothetical and real datasets. The results supported the soundness of the proposed method.
Insoluble HIFa protein aggregates by cadmium disrupt hypoxia-prolyl hydroxylase (PHD)-hypoxia inducible factor (HIFa) signaling in renal epithelial (NRK-52E) and interstitial (FAIK3-5) cells
Authors: Schreiber Timm , Scharner Bettina , Thévenod Frank 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe kidney is the main organ that senses changes in systemic O2 pressure by hypoxia-PHD-HIFa (HPH) signaling, resulting in adaptive target gene activation, including erythropoietin (EPO). The non-essential transition metal cadmium (Cd) is nephrotoxic and disrupts the renal HPH pathway, which may promote Cd-associated chronic renal disease (CKD). A deeper molecular understanding of Cd interference with renal HPH signaling is missing, and no data with renal cell lines are available. In rat kidney NRK-52E cells, which model the proximal tubule, and murine fibroblastoid atypical interstitial kidney (FAIK3-5) cells, which mimic renal EPO-producing cells, the chemical hypoxia mimetic dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG; 1 mmol/l) or hypoxia (1% O2) activated HPH signaling. Cd2+ (2.5–20 µmol/l for ≤ 24 h) preferentially induced necrosis (trypan blue uptake) of FAIK3-5 cells at high Cd whereas NRK-52E cells specially developed apoptosis (PARP-1 cleavage) at all Cd concentrations. Cd (12.5 µmol/l) abolished HIFa stabilization and prevented upregulation of target genes (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting) induced by DMOG or hypoxia in both cell lines, which was caused by the formation of insoluble HIFa aggregates. Strikingly, hypoxic preconditioning (1% O2 for 18 h) reduced apoptosis of FAIK3-5 and NRK-52E cells at low Cd concentrations and decreased insoluble HIFa proteins. Hence, drugs mimicking hypoxic preconditioning could reduce CKD induced by chronic low Cd exposure.
Emotion Regulation and Academic Burnout Among Youth: a Quantitative Meta-analysis
Authors: Iuga Ioana Alexandra , David Oana Alexandra 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEmotion regulation (ER) represents an important factor in youth’s academic wellbeing even in contexts that are not characterized by outstanding levels of academic stress. Effective ER not only enhances learning and, consequentially, improves youths’ academic achievement, but can also serve as a protective factor against academic burnout. The relationship between ER and academic burnout is complex and varies across studies. This meta-analysis examines the connection between ER strategies and student burnout, considering a series of influencing factors. Data analysis involved a random effects meta-analytic approach, assessing heterogeneity and employing multiple methods to address publication bias, along with meta-regression for continuous moderating variables (quality, female percentage and mean age) and subgroup analyses for categorical moderating variables (sample grade level). According to our findings, adaptive ER strategies are negatively associated with overall burnout scores, whereas ER difficulties are positively associated with burnout and its dimensions, comprising emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and lack of efficacy. These results suggest the nuanced role of ER in psychopathology and well-being. We also identified moderating factors such as mean age, grade level and gender composition of the sample in shaping these associations. This study highlights the need for the expansion of the body of literature concerning ER and academic burnout, that would allow for particularized analyses, along with context-specific ER research and consistent measurement approaches in understanding academic burnout. Despite methodological limitations, our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of ER's intricate relationship with student burnout, guiding future research in this field.
The entrainment of polyester microfibers modifies the structure and function of periphytic biofilms
Authors: Liddick Mitchell J. , Rier Steven T. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
As plastics undergo degradation, they give rise to microplastics (MPs), such as polyester microfibers (PMFs), which are increasingly recognized for their potential impact on microbial communities. Despite a growing body of the literature on MP effects, there is a gap in understanding prolonged PMF exposure (≥ 1 month) on stream periphyton across an extensive concentration gradient. This study addresses this gap by investigating the response of periphyton exposed to increasing PMF concentrations (0–22,000 PMF L−1) in stream mesocosms. As PMF concentrations increased, total periphyton biomass remained unaffected, while algal and bacterial biomass decreased and increased, respectively. Higher PMF concentrations also modified coarse algal community structure (measured as changes in chlorophyll b:c) and decreased light harvesting efficiency. Increased bacterial abundance was accompanied by elevated respiration, shifting the system from net autotrophy to net heterotrophy at 10,000–12,000 PMF L−1. Additionally, bacterial community composition was altered along with reductions in β-1,4-glucosidase activities. Despite reduced algal biomass, higher PMF concentrations appeared to support bacterial growth. Many periphyton attributes, including nutrient composition, phosphorus removal, gross primary production, and maximum electron transport rate of photosystem II, were unaffected. This study underscores the multifaceted implications of PMF contamination on the structure and function of periphyton in stream ecosystems.
Comparative Analysis of Canonical Inflammasome Activation by Flow Cytometry, Imaging Flow Cytometry and High-Content Imaging
Authors: Wittmann Nico , Bekeschus Sander , Biedenweg Doreen , Kuthning Daniela , Pohl Christopher , Gramenz Jana , Otto Oliver , Bossaller Lukas , Meyer-Bahlburg Almut 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInflammasome activation occurs in various diseases, including rare diseases that require multicenter studies for investigation. Flow cytometric analysis of ASC speck+ cells in patient samples can be used to detect cell type-specific inflammasome activation. However, this requires standardized sample processing and the ability to compare data from different flow cytometers. To address this issue, we analyzed stimulated and unstimulated PBMCs from healthy donors using seven different flow cytometers. Additionally, human PBMCs were analyzed by fluorescence microscopy, imaging flow cytometry and high-content imaging (HCI). Flow cytometers differed significantly in their ability to detect ASC speck+ cells. Aria III, Astrios EQ, and Canto II performed best in separating ASC speck+ from diffuse ASC cells. Imaging flow cytometry and HCI provided additional insight into ASC speck formation based on image-based parameters. For optimal results, the ability to separate cells with diffuse ASC from ASC speck+ cells is decisive. Image-based parameters can also differentiate cells with diffuse ASC from ASC speck+ cells. For the first time, we analyzed ASC speck detection by HCI in PBMCs and demonstrated advantages of this technique, such as high-throughput, algorithm-driven image quantification and 3D-rendering. Thus, inflammasome activation by ASC speck formation can be detected by various technical methods. However, the results may vary depending on the device used.
Gradient Descent Provably Escapes Saddle Points in the Training of Shallow ReLU Networks
Authors: Cheridito Patrick , Jentzen Arnulf , Rossmannek Florian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDynamical systems theory has recently been applied in optimization to prove that gradient descent algorithms bypass so-called strict saddle points of the loss function. However, in many modern machine learning applications, the required regularity conditions are not satisfied. In this paper, we prove a variant of the relevant dynamical systems result, a center-stable manifold theorem, in which we relax some of the regularity requirements. We explore its relevance for various machine learning tasks, with a particular focus on shallow rectified linear unit (ReLU) and leaky ReLU networks with scalar input. Building on a detailed examination of critical points of the square integral loss function for shallow ReLU and leaky ReLU networks relative to an affine target function, we show that gradient descent circumvents most saddle points. Furthermore, we prove convergence to global minima under favourable initialization conditions, quantified by an explicit threshold on the limiting loss.
Trends in climate adaptation solutions for mountain regions
Authors: Muccione Veruska , Aguilera Rodriguez Julia , Scolobig Anna , Witton Rosie , Zwahlen Johanna , Mackey Alex , Barrott Julia , Simonett Otto , Stoffel Markus , Allen Simon K. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study addresses the critical need for documented adaptation progress in mountain regions by reviewing recently implemented or ongoing adaptation solutions collected from the Adaptation at Altitude Solutions Portal (A@A Solution Portal). Using a data driven approach, the research explores the characteristics, feasibility, and transformative potential of these solutions. Findings reveal a predominant focus on addressing droughts and floods, aligning with the IPCC’s emphasis on water-related impacts in mountains. Notably, watershed management practices emerge as popular solutions, showcasing their capacity to address multiple concerns beyond climate impacts. Education and awareness, along with land use practices, dominate the types of solutions, reflecting their positive impact on project acceptability and low associated risk of maladaptation. Agricultural land and forests are the main ecosystems where solutions are reported, with an evident association with education and awareness and land use change solutions. Most SDGs and Sendai targets are found to be addressed by the solutions emphasising the importance of documenting project experiences as way to bridge previously reported gaps between policy frameworks and on-the-ground implementation. Despite community involvement being high in many of the solutions, challenges such as gender inequality persists. While solutions often demonstrate local relevance and depth of change, upscaling remains challenging, with limited evidence of mainstreaming and replication. Sustainability criteria are moderately met, incorporating inclusive decision-making but with uncertainty regarding long-term plans. Furthermore, findings underscore the significance of co-developing and maintaining adaptation solution portals, illustrating how this approach enriches our understanding of adaptation progress in mountains. Moreover, this research contributes to broadening the scope of systematic adaptation assessments by providing a nuanced perspective that integrates local needs and diverse knowledge systems. In essence, this study makes a valuable contribution to the evolving landscape of adaptation research, emphasizing the importance of practical insights and collaborative efforts to address the complex challenges posed by climate-related impacts and corresponding adaptation efforts.
Sexual dysfunction after surgery for primary sporadic cranial meningiomas: prevalence and risk factors
Authors: Basaran Alim Emre , Arlt Felix , Güresir Erdem , Vychopen Martin , Wach Johannes 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Although postoperative quality of life (QoL) has been studied in relation to a variety of aspects following meningioma resection, the impact of meningiomas on sexual life has not been investigated. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of cranial meningioma surgery on patients’ postoperative sexual life.

Methods
A standardized questionnaire, anonymous and based on the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX), was sent to 87 patients who had been selected for participation in the study based on the following criteria: a postoperative Karnofsky performance of ≥ 80 and below 60 years of age at diagnosis.

Results
53 patients (53/87; 61%) responded to the survey. The study identified eleven patients (20.8%) who reported sexual dysfunction (SD) according to ASEX criteria. Six of these patients were women (55%) and five were men (45%). Univariable analysis revealed that SD was observed with greater frequency in patients with non-skull base tumors (p = 0.006) and in those with a left-hemispheric meningioma (p = 0.046). Multivariable analysis revealed that non-skull base tumor location is the only independent factor being associated with SD (OR = 5.71, 95% CI = 1.02–31.81, p = 0.047).

Conclusion
This first investigation of sexual functioning post-surgery for cranial meningiomas indicates that SD is a prevalent issue among non-skull base meningioma patients. Consequently, we recommend that pre- and postoperative sexual health should be further addressed in future QoL investigations of cranial meningioma patients.

Graphical Abstract
Capital is not a factor of production but organizes the allocation and distribution of resources in capitalism
Authors: Braun Eduard 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEconomists usually define capital as a factor of production—roughly speaking, as physical equipment. This paper demonstrates the limits of this common approach and develops a meaningful alternative. In actual business life, capital refers to the monetary value of business assets, regardless of what the assets consist of, and as such, it is an important aspect of economic calculations that helps to guide entrepreneurial activities. In this sense, capital is pervasive in capitalist societies. Virtually all goods and services are produced by profit-oriented enterprises. Natural resources, intermediate goods, and finished products all appear on the balance sheets of enterprises and are consequently part of business capital. Likewise, the majority of people are employees of enterprises. They receive their pay because the employing firms consider this to be a profitable investment of their capital. Despite its extreme practical importance, this business notion of capital is ignored by nearly the entire economics profession. The paper shows how economists could profit from adopting the business notion of capital, irrespective of their ideological backgrounds.
Evaluating background and local contributions and identifying traffic-related pollutant hotspots: insights from Google Air View mobile monitoring in Dublin, Ireland
Authors: Chen Jiayao , Mölter Anna , Gómez-Barrón José Pablo , O’Connor David , Pilla Francesco 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMobile monitoring provides high-resolution observation on temporal and spatial scales compared to traditional fixed-site measurement. This study demonstrates the use of high spatio-temporal resolution of air pollution data collected by Google Air View vehicles to identify hotspots and assess compliance with WHO Air Quality Guidelines (AQGs) in Dublin City. The mobile monitoring was conducted during weekdays, typically from 7:00 to 19:00, between 6 May 2021 and 6 May 2022. One-second data were aggregated to 377,113 8 s road segments, and 8 s rolling medians were aggregated to hourly and daily levels for further analysis. We assessed the temporal variability of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations at hyperlocal levels. The average daytime median concentrations of NO2 (28.4 ± 15.7 µg/m3) and PM2.5 (7.6 ± 4.7 µg/m3) exceeded the WHO twenty-four hours (24 h) Air Quality Guidelines in 49.4% and 9% of the 1-year sampling time, respectively. For the diurnal variation of measured pollutants, the morning (8:00) and early evening (18:00) showed higher concentrations for NO2 and PM2.5, mostly happening in the winter season, while the afternoon is the least polluted time except for O3. The low-percentile approach along with 1-h and daytime minima method allowed for decomposing pollutant time series into the background and local contributions. Background contributions for NO2 and PM2.5 changed along with the seasonal variation. Local contributions for PM2.5 changed slightly; however, NO2 showed significant diurnal and seasonal variability related to traffic emissions. Short-lived event enhancement (1 min to 1 h) accounts for 36.0–40.6% and 20.8–42.2% of the total concentration for NO2 and PM2.5. The highly polluted days account for 56.3% of total NO2, highlighting local traffic is the dominant contributor to short-term NO2 concentrations. The longer-lived events (> 8 h) enhancement accounts for 25% of the monitored concentrations. Additionally, conducting optimal hotspot analysis enables mapping the spatial distribution of “hot” spots for PM2.5 and NO2 on highly polluted days. Overall, this investigation suggests both background and local emissions contribute to PM2.5 and NO2 pollution in urban areas and emphasize the urgent need for mitigating NO2 from traffic pollution in Dublin.