bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transplanted miR-219-overexpressing oligodendrocyte precursor cells promoted remyelination and improved functional recovery in a chronic demyelinated model
Authors: Fan Hong-Bin , Chen Li-Xia , Qu Xue-Bin , Ren Chuan-Lu , Wu Xiu-Xiang , Dong Fu-Xing , Zhang Bao-Le , Gao Dian-Shuai , Yao Rui-Qin 
Published: February 2017

AbstractOligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) have the ability to repair demyelinated lesions by maturing into myelin-producing oligodendrocytes. Recent evidence suggests that miR-219 helps regulate the differentiation of OPCs into oligodendrocytes. We performed oligodendrocyte differentiation studies using miR-219-overexpressing mouse embryonic stem cells (miR219-mESCs). The self-renewal and multiple differentiation properties of miR219-mESCs were analyzed by the expression of the stage-specific cell markers Nanog, Oct4, nestin, musashi1, GFAP, Tuj1 and O4. MiR-219 accelerated the differentiation of mESC-derived neural precursor cells (NPCs) into OPCs. We further transplanted OPCs derived from miR219-mESCs (miR219-OPCs) into cuprizone-induced chronically demyelinated mice to observe remyelination, which resulted in well-contained oligodendrocyte grafts that migrated along the corpus callosum and matured to express myelin basic protein (MBP). Ultrastructural studies further confirmed the presence of new myelin sheaths. Improved cognitive function in these mice was confirmed by behavioral tests. Importantly, the transplanted miR219-OPCs induced the proliferation of endogenous NPCs. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that miR-219 rapidly transforms mESCs into oligodendrocyte lineage cells and that the transplantation of miR219-OPCs not only promotes remyelination and improves cognitive function but also enhances the proliferation of host endogenous NPCs following chronic demyelination. These results support the potential of a therapeutic role for miR-219 in demyelinating diseases.
Dentist age, period and cohort effects on provision of dental services in Australia: 1983‐84 to 2009‐10
Authors: Ju Xiangqun , Spencer A. John , Brennan David S. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo examine age, period and cohort factors of dentists in relation to diagnostic, preventive and total dental services over time in Australia.MethodThe Longitudinal Study of Dentists’ Practice Activity (LSDPA) was designed to monitor dental practice activity and service provision in Australia. Participating dentists were sampled randomly from the dental registers in Australia from 1983 to 1984, and dental services provision was collected by mailed questionnaire with a log of dental services provided over one or two typical days. The data collection has been repeated every 5 years until 2009‐2010. Sample supplementation of newly registered dentists occurred at successive waves. This study focused on diagnostic, preventive and total services. The time trends in the mean rates of the services were described using a standard cohort table, and negative binomial regression was applied to estimate age, period and cohort effects.ResultsThe response rates were 73%, 75%, 74%, 71%, 76% and 67% in 1983, 1988, 1993, 1998, 2003 and 2009, respectively. The mean rates of diagnostic, preventive and total services increased between 1983 and 2009 across all age groups. The period effect showed a higher rate of diagnostic (rate ratios [RR]: 1.21 in 1993 to 1.80 in 2009), preventive (RR: 1.19 in 1988 to 1.85 in 2009) and the total service (RR: 1.08 in 1988 to 1.39 in 2009) over time, compared with the reference group of 1983. Older cohorts had a lower rate, and the younger cohorts had a higher rate of diagnostic, preventive and the total number of services over the study period. The highest rate of diagnostic (RR=2.53), preventive (RR=2.44) and the total service (RR=1.52) was in those aged 25‐29 years in 1983 compared with the reference group of 30‐34 years in 1983.ConclusionsTrends in dental services provision can be associated with age, period and cohort effects. The study found the rate of diagnostic, preventive and total services increased over time. Meanwhile, an increasing rate of diagnostic, preventive and the total services was observed when moving from older cohorts to younger cohorts among Australian dentists suggesting a sustained shift towards these services into the future.
Approximation properties of (p, q)-Bernstein type operators
Authors: Finta Zoltán 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We introduce a new generalization of the q-Bernstein operators involving (p, q)-integers, and we establish some direct approximation results. Further, we define the limit (p, q)-Bernstein operator, and we obtain its estimation for the rate of convergence. Finally, we introduce the (p, q)-Kantorovich type operators, and we give a quantitative estimation.
The Commander-in-Chief in Command and Control System of the Republic of Poland
Authors: Kołodziejczak Malwina Ewa 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces in the Republic of Poland is one of the main authorities in wartime. But, in Polish legal acts it is not completely clear when the Commander-in-Chief should be appointed. According to Polish law, the Commander-in-Chief shall be appointed in certain situations - for the duration of the war and (sometimes) in the martial law period. In this paper the author will describe these situations and analyse the provisions of his functioning in peace time and in war.
Also, it should be noted, that today in Poland decision-makers adopted some very important changes in the Act of 21 November 1967 - Universal duty to defend the Republic of Poland. These changes are to be basis for new rules for the functioning of the Commanderin- Chief and it is a result of the reform of the command and control system. But, the problem is that some parts of legislation were challenged in the Constitutional Court and the case is pending… Every single act of the packet might be not in accordance with the Act of Constitution.
Personal and Popular
Authors: Lövheim Mia 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWhile early blogging research focused on top-ranked blogs commenting on public events, recent research confirms that most blogs today concern the personal life of the blogger. The present article focuses on a particular case of blogs that falls in between these categories. In Sweden, personal blogs written by young women have dominated the ranking lists of the most popular blogs during recent years. This new phenomenon is approached through an analysis of the characteristics and content of 20 top-ranked blogs authored by young women. Through their popularity, these bloggers have come to introduce commercial and professional aspects of blogging that challenge the conventions of personal blogs. The article analyses how the bloggers negotiate these conventions in self-presentations, postings and relations to readers and how they seek to perform a self through the blog that integrates different aspects of blogging. A crucial part of this process is identification with the gender conventions of “ordinary girls”.
Experts in Election News Coverage
Authors: Albæk Erik , Elmelund-Præstekær Christian , Hopmann David Nicolas , Klemmensen Robert 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that experts appearing in the media are increasingly speculating about trends and developments rather than presenting their own research. With respect to political journalism, this raises the question of whether increased use of expert sources has also led to an increased focus on process relative to substance in election news coverage. The study, conducted in 1998 and 2007, surveys what types of experts are referred to in the election coverage, what topics the experts comment on (in particular whether they focus on substance or process), and whether the number and types of experts as well as topics have changed over time. As expected, there is an increase in newspapers’ references to experts in their election campaign coverage. However, contrary to our expectations, in both 1998 and 2007, there is an equal number of articles referring to the election campaign’s political content (i.e., they mentioned the topics promoted by the political actors during the campaign) and to the political process. And extremely few articles included meta-discussions.
Fisher Concord: Efficiency of Quantum Measurement
Authors: Li Nan , Luo Shunlong 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBy comparing measurement-induced classical Fisher information of parameterized quantum states with quantum Fisher information,we study the notion of Fisher concord (as abbreviation of the concord between the classical and the quantum Fisher information), which is an information-theoretic measure of quantum states and quantum measurements based on both classical and quantum Fisher information. Fisher concord is defined by multiplying the inverse square root of quantum Fisher information matrix to measurement-induced classical Fisher information matrix on both sides, and quantifies the relative accessibility of parameter information from quantum measurements (alternatively, the efficiency of quantum measurements in extracting parameter information). It reduces to the ratio of the classical Fisher information to quantum Fisher information in any single parameter scenario. In general, Fisher concord is a symmetric matrix which depends on both quantum states and quantum measurements. Some basic properties of Fisher concord are elucidated. The significance of Fisher concord in quantifying the interplay between classicality and quantumness in parameter estimation and in characterizing the ef- ficiency of quantum measurements are illustrated through several examples, and some information conservation relations in terms of Fisher concord are exhibited.
Water Quality and Haematological Indices of Clarias gariepinus from Ogun River (Nigeria)
Authors: Olopade Olaniyi Alaba , Taiwo Iyabode Olusola , Oluwoleand Comfort Opeoluwa , Akankali Justin Ayaegbunem 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This study was conducted to assess the effect of water quality of the Ogun River on the haematological indices of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus. Samples of water and Clarias gariepinus were collected from Ogun River (Station I, Opeji and Station II, Lafenwa) to determine and compare effects of possible differences in water quality on haematological parameters of Clarias gariepinus. The results demonstrate that higher index values were recorded at station II than Station I for almost all the physicochemical parameters and only sulphate values from Stations I and II were statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Reaction of the Female Body to Stress in a Chemical Protective Clothing
Authors: Slabotinský Jiří , Bernatíková Šárka 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This article deals with the reaction of the female body to the use of an insulation chemical protective clothing combined with working - thermal and mental stress to which the female is exposed. The article provides a concise overview of protective chemical clothings and factors affecting their comfort; it describes the regularities corresponding to the physiological reaction, important for the body’s reaction to the use of a chemical protective clothing. Further, the article contains a description of the measurement and evaluation of physiological parameters of non-acclimated women during testing of these clothings and, finally, comparison with the results for males under the same stress which is unfavourable for women.
Unrelated und Related Variety im Kontext öffentlicher F&E: empirische Evidenz aus deutschen Arbeitsmarktregionen
Authors: Mewes Lars , Broekel Tom 
Published: February 2017

Zusammenfassung:
Eine Vielzahl von empirischen Studien beleuchtet die Vielfalt heterogener Branchen (Unrelated Variety) und technologisch verwandter Branchen (Related Variety) im Kontext regionaler Wissenserzeugung. Während Unrelated Variety vor allem als Motor für radikale Erneuerungen gilt, befördert Related Variety in erster Linie regional branching Prozesse und damit die Verzweigung bereits existierender, technologischer Pfade in einer Region. Die existierenden Studien betrachteten jedoch in erster Linie die Wirkung von Unrelated und Related Variety auf die regionale Ökonomie. Bisher ist allerdings wenig darüber bekannt, welche regionalen Faktoren mit ihnen einhergehen. Öffentliche F&E gilt dabei als wichtiger Akteur für die Generierung und Diffusion neuen Wissens, weshalb sie die regionale F&E-Landschaft maßgeblich prägt. Die vorliegende Studie betrachtet daher die Beziehung zwischen öffentlicher F&E und Unrelated bzw. Related Variety. Mithilfe von Patentdaten werden die regionale Unrelated sowie Related Variety bestimmt und ihre Beziehung zur öffentlichen F&E in 258 deutschen Arbeitsmarktregionen analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sowohl Universitäten als auch Fachhochschulen in positiver Beziehung zur regionalen Related Variety stehen.
People Who Cannot Move During a Disaster – Initiatives and Examples in Japan Disaster Victim Support
Authors: Yamasaki Eiichi ,   Faculty of Societal Safety Science, Kansai University  7-1 Hakubai-cho, Takatsuki-shi, Osaka, Japan, Hayashi Haruo ,   National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster, Ibaraki, Japan
Published: February 2017

The main purpose of this paper is to explore the vulnerability of disaster victims from the perspective of immobility, in contrast to the conventional perspective of mobility. What causes immobility in Japan? And how have immobile people been treated? In this article, I will attempt to answer these questions using some concrete examples. Immobile people have been recognized as “people requiring assistance during a disaster” (PRADD). This term helps us understand immobility in Japan. The Sanjou flood (2004) prompted the formulation of the “Guidelines for Evacuation Support of People Requiring Assistance during a Disaster.” The national government has encouraged local governments and residents to be prepared for a disaster using the guidelines. Nevertheless, preparations for disasters have not progressed very well. It was in this context that the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) occurred.
During the GEJE, immobility raised the risk of death for PRADD due to the tsunami. After the tsunami, there were also PRADD who could not evacuate to shelters because they were anxious about how life would be there. Now many victims live in temporary housing. There will be people who cannot move to temporary housing in the future. It is likely that they will be mainly PRADD. These cases make it clear that immobility causes vulnerability to disasters.
I will also provide an example of how mobility causes vulnerability in a disaster – a stranded commuter or person during the GEJE.
The Grand Challenge of Carbon Capture and Sequestration
Authors: Koperna George J. , Gupta Neeraj , Godec Michael , Tucker Owain , Riestenberg David , Cumming Lydia 
Published: February 2017

Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) is designed to reduce atmospheric emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). The CCS process captures carbon dioxide (CO2) generated at large-scale industrial sources (power plants, refineries, gasification facilities, etc.) and transports it to an injection site to be permanently stored in the subsurface. With extensive research linking GHG concentrations in the atmosphere to observed changes in global temperature patterns, CCS technology could play an important role in policy efforts to limit the global average temperature rise.
Even with the wealth of experience already in place within the oil and gas industry, the obstacles to advancing CCS to the forefront of GHG mitigation technologies remain significant. Large-scale CO2 injection projects remain primarily in the realm of commercial CO2-EOR (enhanced oil recovery) projects. The key challenges to enabling CCS include cost-effective capture and transport of industrial CO2, clear access to pore space for CO2 storage in geologic formations, proven methodologies for demonstrating storage integrity, and dissemination of best practices. SPE members can play a significant role in addressing these challenges.
Cost-Effective Capture of Power Sector and Industrial CO2
A major technical challenge facing capture at electric generating facilities is that the CO2 concentration in large-volume flue streams is quite low. Current removal technologies include techniques that apply amines, chilled ammonia, membranes, and ionic liquids to strip the CO2 from the flue stream. However, these technologies were developed to handle smaller-scale operations and higher-CO2-purity streams. When applied to large electric generating plants, process efficiency is reduced, and the energy penalty associated with the capture process drives up costs, increasing the levelized cost of electricity by 50% or more, depending on local factors. Also, to accommodate the substantial volumes of the CO2 and flue gas at full-scale industrial sources, the removal technologies require significant scale up and footprint for deployment.
While early movers are developing large-scale capture demonstrations such as SaskPower’s Boundary Dam Project, Southern Company’s Kemper Energy Facility (Fig. 1), and NRG’s Petro Nova Facility, we are still very early on the “learning curve.” Support for more development of next-generation capture technologies and large demonstrations is required to push us down the cost curve. This involves reducing the cost of materials and construction, parasitic costs related to energy for operations, compression, and operation and maintenance costs.
Physicochemical and functional parameters of Cochlospermum vitifolium (bototo) gum exudate
Authors: Martínez Maritza Coromoto , Vera Antonio José , Parra Juan Carlos , Beltrán Olga , Morillo Angel 
Published: February 2017

<p>The physicochemical parameters of <em>Cochlospermum vitifolium they </em>were evaluated and were linked to certain functional properties of industrial interest. The physicochemical parameters were determined by the classic methodology used for carbohydrates and the functional properties, as reported in the literature. The results obtained showed that the gum object of this study is low soluble in water, which corresponds with relatively high values of swelling indexes and water absorption capacity. Also, the intrinsic viscosity of the <em>C. vitifolium</em> exudate was related to a high molar mass, in the order of 10<sup>6</sup>. Its emulsifying capacity is high, which is attributed to hydrophobic groups present in its structure. The gum gels at a minimum concentration, similar to that of the gum karaya (4.5%), but the gel that forms agglomerates, it is not uniform. The <em>C. vitifolium</em> gum exhibits important physicochemical and functional parameters which could serve as a criterion for testing its use in various industries.</p>
Reducing Acute Kidney Injury Due to Contrast Material: How Nurses Can Improve Patient Safety
Authors: Lambert Peggy , Chaisson Kristine , Horton Susan , Petrin Carmen , Marshall Emily , Bowden Sue , Scott Lynn , Conley Sheila , Stender Janette , Kent Gertrude , Hopkins Ellen , Smith Brian , Nicholson Anita , Roy Nancy , Homsted Brenda , Downs Cindy , Ross Cathy S. , Brown Jeremiah 
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUND
Acute kidney injury due to contrast material occurs in 3% to 15% of the 2 million cardiac catheterizations done in the United States each year.

OBJECTIVE
To reduce acute kidney injury due to contrast material after cardiovascular interventional procedures.

METHODS
Nurse leaders in the Northern New England Cardiovascular Disease Study Group, a 10-center quality improvement consortium in Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont, formed a nursing task force to reduce acute kidney injury due to contrast material after cardiovascular interventional procedures. Data were prospectively collected January 1, 2007, through June 30, 2012, on consecutive nonemergent patients (n = 20 147) undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions.

RESULTS
Compared with baseline rates, adjusted rates of acute kidney injury among the 10 centers were significantly reduced by 21% and by 28% in patients with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2. Key qualitative system factors associated with improvement included use of multidisciplinary teams, standardized fluid orders, use of an intravenous fluid bolus, patient education about oral hydration, and limiting the volume of contrast material.

CONCLUSIONS
Standardization of evidence-based best practices in nursing care may reduce the incidence of acute kidney injury due to contrast material.
The wavelength dependence of gold nanorod‐mediated optical breakdown during infrared ultrashort pulses
Authors: Davletshin Yevgeniy R. , Kumaradas J. Carl 
Published: February 2017

This paper investigates the wavelength dependence of the threshold of gold nanorod‐mediated optical breakdown during picosecond and femtosecond near infrared optical pulses. It was found that the wavelength dependence in the picosecond regime is governed solely by the changes of a nanorod's optical properties. On the other hand, the optical breakdown threshold during femtosecond pulse exposure falls within one of two regimes. When the ratio of the maximum electric field from the outside to the inside of the nanorod is less then 7 (the absorption regime) the seed electrons are initiated by photo‐thermal emission, and the wavelength dependence in the threshold of optical breakdown is the result of optical properties of the nanoparticle. When the ratio is greater than 7 (the near‐field regime) more seed electrons are initiated by multiphoton ionization, and the wavelength dependence of the threshold of optical breakdown results from a combination of nanorod's optical properties and transitions in the order of multiphoton ionization. The findings of this study can guide the design of nanoparticle based optical breakdown applications. This analysis also deepens the understanding of nanoparticle‐mediated laser induced breakdown for picosecond and femtosecond pulses at near infrared wavelengths.
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Anaerobe‐Inspired Anticancer Nanovesicles
Authors: Qian Chenggen , Feng Peijian , Yu Jicheng , Chen Yulei , Hu Quanyin , Sun Wujin , Xiao Xuanzhong , Hu Xiuli , Bellotti Adriano , Shen Qun‐Dong , Gu Zhen 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAnaerobic bacteria, such as Clostridium and Salmonella, can selectively invade and colonize in tumor hypoxic regions (THRs) and deliver therapeutic products to destroy cancer cells. Herein, we present an anaerobe nanovesicle mimic that can not only be activated in THRs but also induce hypoxia in tumors by themselves. Moreover, inspired by the oxygen metabolism of anaerobes, we construct a light‐induced hypoxia‐responsive modality to promote dissociation of vehicles and activation of bioreductive prodrugs simultaneously. In vitro and in vivo experiments indicate that this anaerobe‐inspired nanovesicle can efficiently induce apoptotic cell death and significantly inhibit tumor growth. Our work provides a new strategy for engineering stimuli‐responsive drug delivery systems in a bioinspired and synergistic fashion.
Induction of Strong and Tunable Circularly Polarized Luminescence of Nonchiral, Nonmetal, Low‐Molecular‐Weight Fluorophores Using Chiral Nanotemplates
Authors: Goto Taisei , Okazaki Yutaka , Ueki Masahiro , Kuwahara Yutaka , Takafuji Makoto , Oda Reiko , Ihara Hirotaka 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA new strategy is described for generating strong circularly polarized luminescence with highly tunable emission bands through chiral induction in nonchiral, totally organic, low‐molecular‐weight fluorescent dyes by chiral nanotemplate systems. Our approach allows the first systematic investigation to clarify the correlation between the circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence intensities. As a result, a dilute solution system with the highest circularly polarized luminescence intensity achieved to date and a dissymmetry factor of over 0.1 was identified.