bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Rigid and Kinesio Taping on Shoulder Rotation Motions, Posterior Shoulder Tightness, and Posture in Overhead Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gulpinar Damla , Tekeli Ozer Sibel , Yesilyaprak Sevgi Sevi 
Published: July 2017

Context:Alterations in posture and motion patterns are thought to play a role in developing shoulder injuries in overhead athletes. Taping is widely used in the sporting population, but there are limited empirical data regarding its effectiveness.Objectives:To determine and compare the effects of rigid and kinesio taping on shoulder rotation motions, posterior shoulder tightness (PST), and posture in overhead athletes.Design:Randomized controlled trial.Setting:Athletic training rooms.Participants:Eighty-six asymptomatic elite overhead athletes.Interventions:Participants were randomly divided into 4 groups: rigid taping group (RTG) that underwent therapeutic rigid taping, kinesio taping group (KTG) that underwent therapeutic kinesio taping, placebo group that underwent placebo kinesio taping (shoulder and scapular region taping for taping groups), and control group (no taping).Main Outcome Measures:Shoulder rotation motions, PST, and head and shoulder posture were evaluated at baseline, immediately after application and 60 to 72 hours after application for all groups.Results:Glenohumeral internal rotation increased immediately (P < .001) and at 60 to 72 hours after application in the KTG (P = .01), whereas it decreased immediately after application in the RTG (P < .001). Immediately after application, total rotation range of motion increased in the KTG (P =.02) and decreased in the RTG (P < .001), and there was a difference between groups (P = .02). Immediately after application, PST increased in the RTG (P < .001); after 60 to 72 hours, it decreased in the KTG (P = .04) and increased in the RTG (P = .01). Posture outcomes did not change significantly (P > .05).Conclusions:Kinesio taping may improve and rigid taping may worsen glenohumeral internal rotation and PST in overhead athletes. For increasing total rotation range of motion, kinesio taping is superior to rigid taping. Taping did not affect posture. Short-term kinesio taping in overhead athletes may be useful to improve glenohumeral internal rotation, total rotation range of motion, and PST.
Acute rehabilitation after resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) in major trauma
Authors: Rich Jessica Anne , Coleman Julia , Devaux Camille , Hoffman Karen 
Published: July 2017

We report a 23-year-old woman admitted post cyclist versus heavy goods vehicle accident in December 2014. This was the second case the life-saving procedure, that is, resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) was performed on at the roadside. This advanced procedure was performed due to the extensive haemorrhage from this patient’s complex pelvic fracture . As a result of REBOA, the patient consequently lost her left lower limb and underwent a variety of complex pelvic and lower limb surgeries.The patient was admitted to the acute critical care unit and underwent repeated operations and was not ready to start active rehabilitation until 12 days into her admission. Prior to this she was on movement restrictions and received physiotherapy for limb care and dietetics in order to meet her nutritional requirements. The patient was stepped down to a ward setting and started on an extensive physiotherapy programme and was then transferred to the rehabilitation unit for amputees at Roehampton.
EFFECTS OF A PREVENTION PROGRAM FOCUSED ON HIP JOINT FUNCTION ON THE INCIDENCE OF ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURIES IN FEMALE BASKETBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Ohmi Yorikatsu , Hirose Norikazu 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundPrevious meta-analyses have revealed that effective programs to prevent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in female basketball players have not been established.ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of an ACL injury prevention program focused on improving hip joint function in female basketball players.DesignCohort study.SettingIntervention study for well-trained varsity athletes.Patients (or Participants)Four hundred eighty-nine (180 intervention and 309 control) female varsity division II basketball players (18–22 years of age) participated in this study.Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)The prevention program consisted of education (injury mechanism, neutral position, etc.) and neuromuscular training to improve hip joint function (jump-landing exercise with a band, hip external rotator and abductor strength training, and balance exercises). Players were guided through this program by several physical therapists. They were instructed to keep the knee and toe in a neutral position in the jump-landing exercise. The intervention group performed this program three times a week throughout the season. The control group maintained their routine warm-up session. All ACL injuries were verified by arthroscopy or magnetic resonance imaging findings.Main Outcome MeasurementsThe 1000 athlete-exposure (1000 AE) and relative risk index (intervention vs. control) of ACL injuries were calculated and compared between the groups using the χ2test. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.ResultsThree ACL injuries occurred in the intervention group, whereas 16 occurred in the control group. The incidence of injury in the intervention and control groups was 0.08/1000 AE and 0.25/1000 AE, respectively. The relative risk index was 0.32 (95% CI, 0.092–1.086; P=0.053, χ2test).ConclusionsPrevention programs to reduce ACL injuries may be beneficial in well-trained female basketball players.
Homeless people’s access to primary care physiotherapy services: an exploratory, mixed-method investigation using a follow-up qualitative extension to core quantitative research
Authors: Dawes Jo , Deaton Stuart , Greenwood Nan 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to appraise referrals of homeless patients to physiotherapy services and explore perceptions of barriers to access.DesignThis exploratory mixed-method study used a follow-up qualitative extension to core quantitative research design. Over 9 months, quantitative data were gathered from the healthcare records of homeless patients referred to physiotherapy by a general practitioner (GP) practice, including the number of referrals and demographic data of all homeless patients referred. Corresponding physiotherapy records of those people referred to physiotherapy were searched for the outcome of their care. Qualitative semi-structured telephone interviews, based on the quantitative findings, were carried out with staff involved with patient care from the referring GP practice and were used to expand insight into the quantitative findings.SettingTwo primary care sites provided data for this study: a GP practice dedicated exclusively to homeless people and the physiotherapy department receiving their referrals.ParticipantsQuantitative data from the healthcare records of 34 homeless patient referrals to physiotherapy were collected and analysed. In addition, five staff involved in patient care were interviewed.Results34 referrals of homeless people were made to physiotherapy in a 9-month period. It was possible to match 25 of these to records from the physiotherapy department. Nine (36%) patients did not attend their first appointment; seven (28%) attended an initial appointment, but did not attend a subsequent appointment and were discharged from the service; five (20%) completed treatment and four patients (16%) had ongoing treatment. Semi-structured interviews revealed potential barriers preventing homeless people from accessing physiotherapy services, the complex factors being faced by those making referrals and possible ways to improve physiotherapy access.ConclusionsHomeless people with musculoskeletal problems may fail to access physiotherapy treatment, but opportunities exist to make access to physiotherapy easier.
The job content questionnaire in various occupational contexts: applying a latent class model
Authors: Santos Kionna Oliveira Bernardes , Araújo Tânia Maria de , Carvalho Fernando Martins , Karasek Robert 
Published: July 2017

ObjectiveTo evaluate Job Content Questionnaire(JCQ) performance using the latent class model.MethodsWe analysed cross-sectional studies conducted in Brazil and examined three occupational categories: petroleum industry workers (n=489), teachers (n=4392) and primary healthcare workers (3078)and 1552 urban workers from a representative sample of the city of Feira de Santana in Bahia, Brazil. An appropriate number of latent classes was extracted and described each occupational category using latent class analysis, a multivariate method that evaluates constructs and takes into accountthe latent characteristics underlying the structure of measurement scales. The conditional probabilities of workers belonging to each class were then analysed graphically.ResultsInitially, the latent class analysis extracted four classes corresponding to the four job types (active, passive, low strain and high strain) proposed by the Job-Strain model (JSM) and operationalised by the JCQ. However, after taking into consideration the adequacy criteria to evaluate the number of extracted classes, three classes (active, low strain and high strain) were extracted from the studies of urban workers and teachers and four classes (active, passive, low strain and high strain) from the study of primary healthcare and petroleum industry workers.ConclusionThe four job types proposed by the JSM were identified among primary healthcare and petroleum industry workers—groups with relatively high levels of skill discretion and decision authority. Three job types were identified for teachers and urban workers; however, passive job situations were not found within these groups. The latent class analysis enabled us to describe the conditional standard responses of the job types proposed by the model, particularly in relation to active jobs and high and low strain situations.
Predicting death over 8 years in a prospective cohort of HIV-infected women: the Women’s Interagency HIV Study
Authors: Gustafson Deborah R , Shi Qiuhu , Holman Susan , Minkoff Howard , Cohen Mardge H , Plankey Michael W , Havlik Richard , Sharma Anjali , Gange Stephen , Gandhi Monica , Milam Joel , Hoover Donald R 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesPredicting mortality in middle-aged HIV-infected (HIV+) women on antiretroviral therapies (ART) is important for understanding the impact of HIV infection. Several health indices have been used to predict mortality in women with HIV infection. We evaluated: (1) an HIV biological index, Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS); (2) a physical index, Fried Frailty Index (FFI); and (3) a mental health index, Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D). Proportional hazards regression analyses were used to predict death and included relevant covariates.DesignProspective, observational cohort.SettingMulticentre, across six sites in the USA.Participants1385 multirace/ethnic ART-experienced HIV+ women in 2005.Primary and secondary outcomesAll deaths, AIDS deaths and non-AIDS deaths up to ~8 years from baseline.ResultsIncluded together in one model, VACS Index was the dominant, significant independent predictor of all deaths within 3 years (HR=2.20, 95% CI 1.83, 2.65, χ2=69.04, p<0.0001), and later than 3 years (HR=1.55, 95% CI 1.30, 1.84, χ2=23.88, p<0.0001); followed by FFI within 3 years (HR=2.06, 95% CI 1.19, 3.57, χ2=6.73, p=0.01) and later than 3 years (HR=2.43, 95% CI 1.58, 3.75, χ2=16.18, p=0.0001). CES-D score was not independently associated with mortality.Conclusions and relevanceThis is the first simultaneous evaluation of three common health indices in HIV+ adults. Indices reflecting physical and biological ageing were associated with death.
Pragmatic, consensus-based minimum standards and structured interview to guide the selection and development of cancer support group leaders: a protocol paper
Authors: Pomery Amanda , Schofield Penelope , Xhilaga Miranda , Gough Karla 
Published: July 2017

IntroductionAcross the globe, peer support groups have emerged as a community-led approach to accessing support and connecting with others with cancer experiences. Little is known about qualities required to lead a peer support group or how to determine suitability for the role. Organisations providing assistance to cancer support groups and their leaders are currently operating independently, without a standard national framework or published guidelines. This protocol describes the methods that will be used to generate pragmatic consensus-based minimum standards and an accessible structured interview with user manual to guide the selection and development of cancer support group leaders.Methods and analysisWe will: (A) identify and collate peer-reviewed literature that describes qualities of support group leaders through a systematic review; (B) content analyse eligible documents for information relevant to requisite knowledge, skills and attributes of group leaders generally and specifically to cancer support groups; (C) use an online reactive Delphi method with an interdisciplinary panel of experts to produce a clear, suitable, relevant and appropriate structured interview comprising a set of agreed questions with behaviourally anchored rating scales; (D) produce a user manual to facilitate standard delivery of the structured interview; (E) pilot the structured interview to improve clinical utility; and (F) field test the structured interview to develop a rational scoring model and provide a summary of existing group leader qualities.Ethics and disseminationThe study is approved by the Department Human Ethics Advisory Group of The University of Melbourne. The study is based on voluntary participation and informed written consent, with participants able to withdraw at any time. The results will be disseminated at research conferences and peer review journals. Presentations and free access to the developed structured interview and user manual will be available to cancer agencies.
Socially disparate trends in lifespan variation: a trend study on income and mortality based on nationwide Danish register data
Authors: Brønnum-Hansen Henrik 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundSocial inequality trends in life expectancy are not informative as to changes in social disparity in the age-at-death distribution. The purpose of the study was to investigate social differentials in trends and patterns of adult mortality in Denmark.MethodsRegister data on income and mortality from 1986 to 2014 were used to investigate trends in life expectancy, life disparity and the threshold age that separates ‘premature’ and ‘late’ deaths. Mortality compression was quantified and compared between income quartiles.ResultsSince 1986, male life expectancy increased by 4.2 years for the lowest income quartile and by 8.4 years for the highest income quartile. The clear compression of mortality apparent in the highest income quartile did not occur for the lowest income quartile. Premature and late deaths accounted both by 2.1 years of the increase in life expectancy in the lowest income quartile and by 6.0 and 2.4 years, respectively, in the highest income quartile. Life expectancy increased by 5.2 years among women in the lowest income quartile, 2.4 years due to premature deaths and 2.8 years due to late deaths. The gain in life expectancy among women in the highest income quartile of 5.6 years was distributed by 5.0 and 0.6 years due to premature and late deaths, respectively.ConclusionThe study demonstrates that the increasing social gap in mortality appears differently in the change of the age-at-death distribution. Thus, no compression of mortality was seen in the lowest income quartile. The results do not provide support for a uniformly extension of pension age for all.
Prospective observational study in two Dutch hospitals to assess the performance of inflammatory plasma markers to determine disease severity of viral respiratory tract infections in children
Authors: Ahout Inge M L , Brand Kim H , Zomer Aldert , van den Hurk Wilhelma H , Schilders Geurt , Brouwer Marianne L , Neeleman Chris , Groot Ronald de , Ferwerda Gerben 
Published: July 2017

IntroductionRespiratory viruses causing lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are a major cause of hospital admissions in children. Since the course of these infections is unpredictable with potential fast deterioration into respiratory failure, infants are easily admitted to the hospital for observation. The aim of this study was to examine whether systemic inflammatory markers can be used to predict severity of disease in children with respiratory viral infections.MethodsBlood and nasopharyngeal washings from children <3 years of age with viral LRTI attending a hospital were collected within 24 hours (acute) and after 4–6 weeks (recovery). Patients were assigned to a mild (observation only), moderate (supplemental oxygen and/or nasogastric feeding) or severe (mechanical ventilation) group. Linear regression analysis was used to design a prediction rule using plasma levels of C reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), pentraxin 3 (PTX3), serum amyloid P component and properdin. This rule was tested in a validation cohort.ResultsOne hundred and four children (52% male) were included. A combination of CRP, SAA, PTX3 and properdin was a better indicator of severe disease compared with any of the individual makers and age (69% sensitivity (95% CI 50 to 83), 90% specificity (95% CI 80 to 96)). Validation in 141 patients resulted in 71% sensitivity (95% CI 53 to 85), 87% specificity (95% CI 79 to 92), negative predictive value of 64% (95% CI 47 to 78) and positive predictive value of 90% (95% CI 82 to 95). The prediction rule was not able to identify patients with a mild course of disease.ConclusionA combination of CRP, SAA, PTX3 and properdin was able to identify children with a severe course of viral LRTI disease, even in children under 2 months of age. To assess the true impact on clinical management, these results should be validated in a prospective randomised control study.
A cluster-randomised, controlled proof-of-concept study to explore the feasibility and effect of a patient-directed intervention on quality of life in patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Schuler Markus , Richter Stephan , Ehninger Gerhard , Bornhäuser Martin , Hentschel Leopold 
Published: July 2017

IntroductionEven with evolving and expanding therapeutical options for the treatment of advanced sarcomas over recent years, the balance between efficacy and toxicity still remains a major concern. Moreover, the symptom burden in patients with sarcoma remains high compared with other malignant diseases. It is, therefore, crucial to assess treatment effectiveness not only in terms of disease-related outcomes (eg, overall survival) but also from an individual and patient-centred perspective using the assessment of patient-reported outcomes (PROs). By focusing on PROs as a primary study endpoint, we aim to address key issues for patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS) undergoing palliative treatment.Methods and analysisThe protocol of the YonLife study describes a multicentre, cluster-randomised, controlled, open-label proof-of-concept study conducted in patients with advanced or metastatic STS treated with trabectedin in seven German hospitals. The primary objective of the study is to exploratively compare overall quality of life between the patients receiving a multidimensional intervention based on individual PROs and those receiving usual supportive treatment. This complex intervention consists of the (1) electronic assessment of PRO, (2) creation of a case vignette based on PRO and clinical data and (3) treatment suggestions based on the discussion of these vignettes in a regularly meeting expert panel. Additionally, the YonLife trial assesses the applicability of a tablet-based assessment of PROs. Patients’ and physicians’ acceptance and challenges concerning the implementation process will be evaluated.Ethics and disseminationThe YonLife trial has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Dresden as well as by the relevant institutions of each participating centre before patient enrolment. The findings will be reported via relevant peer-reviewed journals as well as through presentation at international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT02204111, pre-results.
Assessment of the effect of an Interactive Dynamic Referral Interface (IDRI) on the quality of referral letters from general practitioners to gastroenterologists: a randomised cross-over vignette trial
Authors: Eskeland Sigrun Losada , Brunborg Cathrine , Rueegg Corina Silvia , Aabakken Lars , Lange Thomas de 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesWe evaluated whether interactive, electronic, dynamic, diagnose-specific checklists improve the quality of referral letters in gastroenterology and assessed the general practitioners’ (GPs’) acceptance of the checklists.DesignRandomised cross-over vignette trial.SettingPrimary care in Norway.Participants25 GPs.InterventionThe GPs participated in the trial and were asked to refer eight clinical vignettes in an internet-based electronic health record simulator. A referral support, consisting of dynamic diagnose-specific checklists, was created for the generation of referral letters to gastroenterologists. The GPs were randomised to refer the eight vignettes with or without the checklists. After a minimum of 3 months, they repeated the referral process with the alternative method.Main outcome measuresDifference in quality of the referral letters between referrals with and without checklists, measured with an objective Thirty Point Score (TPS).Difference in variance in the quality of the referral letters and GPs’ acceptance of the electronic dynamic user interface.ResultsThe mean TPS was 15.2 (95% CI 13.2 to 16.3) and 22.0 (95% CI 20.6 to 22.8) comparing referrals without and with checklist assistance (p<0.001), respectively. The coefficient of variance was 23.3% for the checklist group and 39.6% for the non-checklist group. Two-thirds (16/24) of the GPs thought they had included more relevant information in the referrals with checklists, and considered implementing this type of checklists in their clinical practices, if available.ConclusionsDynamic, diagnose-specific checklists improved the quality of referral letters significantly and reduced the variance of the TPS, indicating a more uniform quality when checklists were used. The GPs were generally positive to the checklists.