bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Assessment of a Drama Therapy Process for Patients with Severe Psychiatric Patients
Authors: Sancar F. , Şahin S. , Şahin G. , Eren N. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionDrama therapy is a useful therapy method for improving the life quality of psychiatric patients. Drama therapy is a rehearsal of everyday life. In this therapy method, clients actively join the creative process in order to better understand their life experiences.ObjectivesDrama therapy may improve patients’ ego functions, psycho-social and self-expression abilities, problem-solving skills, real-life adaptations and contribute to patient's psychiatric treatment.AimThe main aims were to examine the curative effects of drama group therapy and the effects of drama therapy on functionality in psychiatric patients.MethodThe study was performed at the Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine. Patients were referred from the Psychiatry Polyclinic of this university to Art Therapy and Rehabilitation Program. Drama therapy is an applied drama-based art group therapy. The 10 subjects in our study, ranged from 20 to 50 years old. This therapy group gathered once a week for a ninety minute session. Subjects continued their medical care and received psychotherapy throughout the 24-week study. The therapy plan included an introduction, a warm-up session, a drama therapy work and a sharing session. Patients were assessed in pre and post-treatment with Global Assessment of Functioning and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used for statistical analysis. Yalom's Group Curative Factors Scale was applied.ResultThere was a significant decrease in loss of functioning (P < .05). In Group Curative Factors, the means of hope, identification, group cohesion and altruism were determined high.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that drama therapy has positive effects on patients with severe psychiatric patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Attitudes Towards Psychiatry Among Physiotherapy Students in Poland – pilot Study
Authors: Szczegielniak A.R. , Szczegielniak J. 
Published: June 2017

Poor knowledge regarding mental health in general population in Poland, along with media coverage limited to repetition of harmful stereotypes towards patients treated at psychiatric wards and reinforcement of discriminative attitudes, results in an unfair evaluation and stigmatization of mental healthcare services. As a consequence, psychiatry, in comparison to many other medical fields, is unpopular among physiotherapy students, even though there is a compulsory subject in the university curriculum that covers, in theory, all the important knowledge that healthcare worker should possess in this regards. Young physical therapists are not taught about specific needs of the psychiatric patients. After graduation, they are lacking all basic skills on how to communicate with the patient. Being devoid of a direct contact with people suffering from mental disorders, physical therapists do not feel comfortable placed in the mental healthcare facilities. The aim of the study was to assess the extent of a basic psychiatric knowledge and general attitudes towards mentally ill of the physiotherapy students. The group consisted of 147 students. The pilot study has been limited to those studying physical therapy within borders of the Opole voivodship. Authors’ questionnaire has been developed in order to reach the aim and answers were gathered between January and June 2016. The results will be used to develop questionnaire suitable to share with physiotherapy students within the whole country and, consequently, formulate recommendations on necessary changes that must be introduced to the physical therapy curriculum in Poland by Polish Society of Physiotherapy (Psychiatry Section).Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Feelings of Guilt and Fantasies in Life Experiences of Brazilian Parents Due to Death of their Newborn: A Clinical-qualitative Study Conducted at a University Hospital
Authors: Rodrigues L. , Freitas-de-Jesus J.V. , Lavorato-Neto G. , Lima D.D. , Turato E.R. , Campos C.J.G. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe relationship between parents and children is a complex link. In the process of pregnancy-birth-puerperium, frequent feelings such as responsibility, love, fear, uncertainty, generate strong expectations at birth. The death of a newborn may not be perceived as natural by the parents, considering the local culture and the context of great technological development of neonatology.ObjectiveTo explore possible guilt and fantasies in life experiences of parents during mourning process due to death of their newborn.MethodClinical-qualitative design, a particularization of qualitative methods here applied in clinical assistance settings with highlight to psychological aspects. Data collection with the technique of semi-directed interview with open-ended questions, in-depth. Sample intentionally constructed, with closure by theoretical saturation of information. The participants were 7 parents, mourning by the death of their child at the neonatal intensive care unit, in a university hospital of Campinas, São Paulo State.ResultsFeelings of guilt - conscious or not - lead to an internal and particular movement so that mourning can be lived. The participants showed certain embarrassment, accompanied by natural suffering facing to the cultural pattern that permeates the emotional experience. It predicts types of psychological meanings that the experience will give to the person.ConclusionHealth professionals working with bereaved parents should consider more deeply the moment these one experienced, with emphasis on the details of the death scenery, beside the problems of illness and death properly so called.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Stigma as an Obstacle to Paradigm Change in Mental Health Care in Lithuania
Authors: Sumskiene E. 
Published: June 2017

The paper is based on the data gathered during implementation of the “Project paradigm change of mental health and Well-being in Lithuania: towards empirically valid model”. This project is aimed to contribute to the paradigmatic change by scientific research and evaluation of efficacy of pharmaceutical and psychotherapeutical treatment to psychological and social functioning and to estimate economic burden of treatment and mental diseases. Aim of the research is to analyse stigma as an obstacle for transition from biomedical to bio-psycho-social paradigm. Objectives are as follows: to evaluate manifestations of stigma in mental health care from the point of view of different experts; to discuss influence of stigma on different levels of mental health care; to identify consequences of stigma to mental health care reform. A qualitative experts’ research was implemented in order to reveal professional discourse around stigmatization of mental health and consequences of this phenomenon to mental health care reform. Research data reveal the strong prevalence of stigma on all levels mental health care. Individuals with psychosocial disabilities tend to choose medication instead of psychotherapy. Under influence of stigma, they prefer rapid daily consumption of medication as a substitute to active participation in the process of treatment. Politicians are influenced by stigmatizing attitudes in the society towards individuals with psychosocial disabilities, the persisting pressure to isolate them in closed facilities. Under influence of stigma, the process of reform lingers or obtains a shape reverse to a modern transformation.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Vascular Disease and Trajectories of Late-life Major Depressive Disorder in Secondary Psychiatric Care
Authors: Musliner K. , Laursen T. , Munk-Olsen T. , Liu X. , Mortensen P. , Zandi P. , Eaton W. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesTo examine 5 years trajectories of secondary-treated late-life major depressive disorder (MDD), and evaluate whether pre-existing cerebrovascular disease and related risk factors are associated with more severe trajectories of late-life MDD.MethodsData were obtained from Danish registers. The sample included 11,184 adults ≥ 60 at index MDD diagnosis. Trajectories of in or outpatient contact at psychiatric hospitals for MDD over the 5 years period following index MDD diagnosis were modeled using latent class growth analysis. Risk factors included cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, and vascular dementia defined based on hospital diagnoses and prescription medications, demographic characteristics and characteristics of the index MDD diagnosis.ResultsThe final model included classes with consistently low (66%), high decreasing (19%), consistently high (9%) and moderate fluctuating (6%) probabilities of contact at a psychiatric hospital for MDD during the 5 year period following the index MDD diagnosis (Fig. 1). Older age, greater severity, inpatient treatment and > 12 antidepressant prescriptions within 5 years of the index MDD diagnosis predicted membership in more severe trajectory classes. Cerebrovascular disease and related risk factors were not associated with trajectory class membership.ConclusionsA substantial proportion (34%) of individuals diagnosed with MDD in late-life require specialized psychiatric treatment for extended periods of time. We found no evidence that cerebrovascular disease or related risk factors predicted course trajectories in secondary-treated late-life MDD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Self-stigma, Hope, Dissociation, and Personality Features in Treatment of Depressive Inpatients Resistant to Pharmacotherapy
Authors: Prasko J. , Ociskova M. , Sigmundova Z. , Kasalova P. , Grambal A. , Holubova M. , Marackova M. , Vrbova K. , Latalova K. , Slepecky M. , Zatkova M. , Kotianova A. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to examine the influence of dissociation, hope, personality trait and selected demographic factors in treatment response of this group of patients.MethodsPharmacoresistant depressive inpatients completed clinical global impression – both objective and subjective form, Beck depression inventory, and Beck anxiety inventory at baseline and after six weeks of combined pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy (group cognitive behavioral or group psychodynamic). The Internalized Stigma Of Mental Illness Scale, Dissociative Experience Scale Adult Dispositional Hope Scale, and temperament and character inventory were completed at the start of the treatment with the intention to find predictors of treatment efficacy.ResultsThe study included 72 patients hospitalized for the pharmacoresistant major depression, 63 of them finished the study. The mean scores of BDI-II, BAI, subjCGI, and objCGI significantly decreased during the treatment. BDI-II relative change statistically significantly correlated with the total ISMI score, discrimination experience (ISMI subscale), and harm avoidance (TCI-R personality trait). According to stepwise regression, the strongest factors connected to BDI-II relative change were the duration of the disorder and discrimination experience (ISMI). ObjCGI relative change significantly correlated with the level of dissociation, the total ISMI score, and hope in ADHS total score, and self-directedness. According to stepwise regression, the strongest factor connected to objCGI relative change was discrimination experience (ISMI).ConclusionsAccording to our results, the patients with pharmacoresistant depressive disorders, who have had more experience with discrimination because of their mental struggles, showed a poorer response to treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Mental Health Stigma: What's Been Done? Where to Go?
Authors: Macedo P. , Silva M. , Fornelos A. , Figueiredo A.R. , Nunes S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionNegative attitudes towards psychiatric patients still exist in our society. Persons suffering from mental illness frequently encounter public stigma and may internalize it leading to self-stigma. Discrimination occurs across many aspects of economic and social existence. It may represent a barrier for patients to receive appropriate care. Many anti-stigma campaigns have been taken to decrease people's prejudice, but its effects are not well documented.ObjectivesTo characterize anti-stigma initiatives and its effects on diminishing negative consequences of stigma.MethodsBibliographical research using PubMed using the keywords “stigma” and “mental illness”.ResultsDespite several approaches to eradicate stigma, it shows a surprising consistency in population levels. It was expected that focus on education would decrease stigma levels. The same was expected following concentration on the genetic causation of pathology. Most studies have revealed that education has little value and endorsing genetic attributions has led to a greater pessimism on the efficacy of mental health services, sense of permanence and guilty feelings within the family.ConclusionPublic stigma has had a major impact on many people with mental illness, especially when leading to self-stigma, interfering with various aspects in life, including work, housing, health care, social life and self-esteem. As Goffman elucidated, stigma is fundamentally a social phenomenon rooted in social relationships and shaped by the culture and structure of society. Social inclusion has been pointed as a potential direction of change.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Pharmacological Issues in Cancer Patients
Authors: Alves M. , Tavares A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionDepression and anxiety are the main causes of psychiatric disorder in cancer patients, associated with a decreased tolerance and adherence to cancer treatment, longer hospital stays, decreased quality of life and possibly influence prognosis and mortality.ObjectivesThis review will address psychopharmacological options in cancer patients, side effects and possible drug interactions between psychotropic drugs and chemotherapy, either by toxicity, to which these patients are more sensitive, or a reduction in efficacy in anti-tumor treatment.MethodsNon systematic literature review through the Medline and clinical key databases, with time constraints.ResultsSelective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors are the first line treatment for depression, because of their tolerability and safety profile. Venlafaxine is the safer choice for the treatment of depression and hot flushes in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy with tamoxifen. Tricyclic antidepressants are used in patients with neuropathic pain, due to its analgesic properties. Haloperidol is the safest antipsychotic, with less drug interactions and lower metabolic risk. Benzodiazepines are used in anxiety states for short periods. Psychostimulants are an option in patients with depression and life expectancy of less than one month. Mood stabilizers are recommended to treat mania, commonly induced by corticosteroids.ConclusionsTreatment of psychiatric disease in cancer patients leads to an increased adherence to anti-tumoral treatment and improves quality of life. Regardless of the cancer stage there is indication to start treatment. We must, however, take into account possible side effects and drug interactions between psychotropic drugs and chemotherapy, through toxicity or diminished efficacy, when combined with anti-tumoral treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Suicides and Cancer Mortality in Russia: A Comparative Analysis of Trends
Authors: Razvodovsky Y. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe association between suicide and cancer is complex. Hopelessness and depression are the common risk factors for both suicide and cancer. There is also evidence that suicide rate in cancer patients are higher than in the general population. However, the real occurrence of suicide in cancer patients is considered to be underreported. This is a good reason to expect a positive relationship between cancer mortality and suicide rates at the population level.AimsThe present study aims to test the hypothesis of the close aggregate level link between cancer mortality and the suicide rates in Russia.MethodsTrends in sex-specific cancer mortality and the suicide rates from 1956 to 2010 were analyzed employing a distributed lags analysis.ResultsThe results of analysis indicate the presence of a statistically significant association between trends in suicides and cancer of the upper digestive tract (mouth, oral cavity and pharynx), larynx, bronchus and lungs, stomach, colorectal, uretus and leukemia for male. There is also a statistically significant association between trends in suicides and cancer of the upper digestive tract (mouth, oral cavity and pharynx), larynx, bronchus and lungs, stomach, colorectal, uretus, breast, cervix, uterus and leukemia for female.ConclusionsCommon confounding variables, including binge drinking and psychosocial distress, may explain positive aggregate-level association between the cancer mortality and suicides time series in Russia.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Vulnerable Narcissism as Key Link Between Dark Triad Traits, Mental Toughness, Sleep Quality and Stress
Authors: Annen H. , Nakkas C. , Sadeghi Bahmani D. , Gerber M. , Holsboer-Trachsler E. , Brand S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe concept of the Dark Triad (DT) consists of the dimensions of Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy, and has gained increased interest within the last 15 years for its predictive power to explain success in the fields of economy, politics, and professional sport. However, recent research suggests that the associations between DT and behavior are not as uniform as expected.AimsInvestigating the associations between DT traits and vulnerable narcissism, mental toughness, sleep quality, and stress perception.MethodsA total of 720 participants between 18 and 28 years took part in the study. The sample consisted of military cadres in the US (n = 238), Switzerland (n = 220), and of students from the university of Basel (n = 262). Participants completed self-rating questionnaires covering DT traits, mental toughness, vulnerable narcissism, sleep quality, and perceived stress.ResultsIrrespective of the sample, participants scoring high on vulnerable narcissism also reported higher DT traits, lower mental toughness, poor sleep quality, and higher scores on perceived stress.ConclusionsThe present pattern of results suggests a more fine-grained association between DT traits and further behavior, calling into question to what extent DT traits might be a predictor for greater success in the fields of economy, politics or elite sports. Specifically, vulnerable narcissism seems to be key for more unfavourable behavior.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Effect of Treatment Recognition Based on Mental Conscious on Decreasing Depression and Stress on Those Affected by Lupus Disease and by 3 Months Follow Up
Authors: Farrokhi N. , Golmohammadi A. , Ghahari S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSystemic lupus erythemataus is a chronic inflammatory disease of the multimedia system that appear on renal involvement, cortical-mucous, bloody, and neurotic.AimThe target of this study is to examine the effect of treatment recognition based on mental conscious on decreasing depression intensity on lupus disease and three month follow up.MethodThe method of study is semi test by targeted random selection in access in which we have used of pre-test by observe group. Volume of sample includes 200 women afflicted by lupus and among them about 20 ones were ready to cooperate and in study duration were in related improvement situation and has been evaluated. They have been grouped in the two test group (ten persons) and observe one (10 persons) in which two persons has been excluded from test group and we have excluded two persons from observe group, too. Test group have received eight MBCT treatment sessions but observe group has not received any treatment. Beck depression questionnaire (BDI-II) and brief signs of psychology questionnaire (BSI-53) has been performed as pre-test and after clinical test, post-test and three-month-follow up has been done. We have used of descriptive statics and co-variance for analysis.ResultsFindings has shown that treatment recognition based on mental consciousness, meaningfully have an effect on decreasing remained signs of depression.ConclusionThree-month-follow up has shown that treatment recognition based on mental consciousness, had an effect on depression disorder, anxiety disorder, and lupus patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Factors Underlying Distressful and Recurrent Hallucinations, Perceptual Distortions, Dissociations and Impulses Associated with Playing Video Games
Authors: Ortiz de Gortari A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionFailures in cognitive and behavioural inhibition are the core of mental disorders, but they are also part of everyday life. Research on Game Transfer Phenomena (GTP) has shown that images, sounds and thoughts from the game manifest, and involuntary actions toward game-related cues are performed, after playing. GTP is generally not associated with psychopathology, substance use, distress or dysfunction but a small number of gamers reported severe GTP (i.e. different types and frequently).AimUnderstand the underlying factors (e.g. medical conditions, drugs, problematic/gaming addiction) associated with experiencing several episodes of particular GTP (e.g. hallucinations).MethodsA total of 1,782 participants who experienced GTP “many times” or “all the time” was extracted from a larger sample recruited via an online survey. The 20 GTP-related items were categorized into: (i) hallucinations, (ii) distorted perceptions, (iii) dissociations, and (iv) urges/impulses.ResultsPearson's Chi2 test showed that: (i) 18–22-year-olds were more prone to experience several episodes of GTP and females were more susceptible to hallucinations; (ii) all four categories were associated with mental disorders and distress/dysfunction; (iii) drugs were associated with almost all categories with the exception of distorted perceptions; (iv) visual disorders were associated with hallucinations and dissociations; and (v) problematic/gaming addiction was associated with all categories except urges/impulses.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that individuals with mental disorders are more prone to experience several episodes of GTP, which can lead to distress/dysfunction. Substance use appears relevant but not for all manifestations of recurrent GTP. The relation between gaming disorder and GTP requires further investigation.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.