bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Russian-speaking immigrants’ adaptation in Canada
Authors: Morozovskaia Uliana , Makarova Veronika 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article examines acculturation among Russian speakers in Canada focusing on immigration goals achievement, integration, feeling at home in Canada, and self-identity vis-à-vis the participants’ socio-demographic characteristics and language use. The study draws on data from a survey which was completed by 100 native speakers of Russian. The survey included Likert-scale responses and short answers analyzed quantitatively using Pearson correlations and chi-squares. The results indicate that most participants feel well-adjusted in Canada, they view immigration as the right decision and believe they have reached their immigration goals. However, about half of the respondents report experiencing discrimination, and only 20 % consider Canada their true home. In their self-identity expressions, their country of origin is prioritized. Correlations have been observed between the adaptation parameters and self-identity on the one hand, and the length of stay in Canada, participants’ age and age upon immigration, gender, and language use, on the other hand. These findings are crucial for immigrant help centers, ESL teachers, local governments and immigrants themselves (facilitating comparisons with peers’ immigration experiences). The results are interpreted in the light of Acculturation and Linguistic Equilibrium theories.
Magnetic Kidney Stone Removal
Authors: Schwaminger Sebastian P. , Busse Madleen , Amiel Thomas , Srinivasan Shyam , Turrina Chiara , Ebel Florian , Straub Michael 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Residual fragments can remain after kidney stone extraction which may necessitate another intervention. A new approach needs to be developedis needed to lower the risk of disease severe side effects caused by these fragments. Magnetic nanoparticles can be applied due to their properties of being able to bind to residual fragments and to be extracted by an external magnetic field. Fractals and magnetic nanoparticles have been synthesized and characterized thoroughly. The small nanoparticles bind covalently to the kidney stones and a magnetic extraction of calcium oxalate fractals with magnetic nanoparticles is possible. The aggregation of nanoscale iron oxide nanoparticles can be induced with the addition of salt which improves the extraction process. The separation is validated by simulation and experimentally in a porcine kidney as well as in artificial kidney models. This proof-of-concept study successfullyis the fundament for a new waydemonstrated of extracting kidney stones extraction and including their fractals and might pave the way for new procedures in urology.
Application of gas grafting with palmitoyl chloride to manufacture hydrophobic decorative wood veneer
Authors: Choi Kyoung-Hwa , Lee Cheol-Woo , Lee Kwang-Seob , Martinez Philippe , Ryu Jeong-Yong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this study, the feasibility of hydrophobizing pine wood veneers through gas grafting with palmitoyl chloride using a hot press was explored. To achieve this, the hydrophobization characteristics of wood veneer were analyzed under various conditions, including pressing temperature, time, and concentration of palmitoyl chloride. The results showed that the gas grafting treatment successfully hydrophobized the pine wood veneer, and that the pressing temperature and concentration of palmitoyl chloride were the main factors influencing the grafting. The hydrophobization efficiency increased with an increase in the pressing temperature and palmitoyl chloride concentration, whereas the pressing time had little effect. However, under conditions of excessively high palmitoyl chloride concentration, pressing temperature, and excessively long pressing time, relatively large color changes and a pH drop in the veneer were observed. Therefore, it was concluded that to treat pine wood veneer with a diluted solution of 0.5 % palmitoyl chloride at 180 °C for 6 s was appropriate.
From “The Bosnian Danger” to Forest for the People: Bosnia’s Timber Frontier in the Age of Empires
Authors: Lučić Iva 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article examines the evolution of an industrialized and capital-driven timber extraction in Bosnia and Herzegovina under Habsburg governance from 1878–1914 and its social and ecological effects on the region. It emphasizes the role of both imperial policy-making and local socio-ecological factors that determined the advancement of the timber frontier in the region. The first part on early Habsburg governance illustrates how logging operations were determined by state-devised regulations of property relations and state-induced facilities that eventually resulted in industrialized extraction by means of foreign private companies. The second part on late Habsburg governance shows how forests successively acquired a political dimension. In conflicts with the local population, the Habsburg authorities prioritized social stability over the companies’ interests, whereas the Bosnian government tried to secure economic self-determination of the region by advocating for the takeover of industrial logging by domestic enterprises.
Looking East and West for Pulpwood, Pulp and Paper: Great Britain as an Anomaly in Europe, 1860–1960
Authors: Kuhlberg Mark , Särkkä Timo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The years 1860 to 1960 witnessed the birth and rapid expansion of the modern pulp and paper industry. Its sine qua non was access to enormous volumes of conifer trees that grew in the northern hemisphere’s temperate and boreal forests. Predictably, countries in northern Europe with large swaths of these woodlands became home to substantial pulp and paper industries. This article explains why Great Britain represented Europe’s glaring exception to this rule. Unique circumstances allowed it to become Europe’s largest newsprint producer even though it suffered from a dearth of conifers. Britain’s newspaper publishers grew their circulations and created the largest newsprint market in Europe for most of the period under examination. To meet their exploding demand for paper, they gained control over their country’s newsprint industry. Like producers in other western European countries, they looked to Scandinavia to address their lack of domestic wood supplies, but they also exploited their imperial connection to access a prodigious supply of fibre and pulps in Canada and Newfoundland. Britain’s competitive advantage in this regard was political and not economic because tapping this distant source of raw materials was costly. Nevertheless, British producers were able to absorb the higher costs because their business was vertically integrated. However, British producers could not outrun their resource deficit forever. Changing global industry conditions after World War II caused them to lose their preponderant standing.
Reach of Globalization in 18th Century Germany: Atlantic Products from Hamburg to Saxon Markets
Authors: Kikuchi Yuta 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study explores the economic cohesion of two German areas, Hamburg and Saxony, in the 18th century, created through the inflow of Atlantic colonial groceries from the former to the latter. Combining different kinds of sources revealed the following. The trade flow from Hamburg to German lands began to shift from Prussia to Saxony in the middle of the 18th century. Within Saxony, the market was concentrated in two locations: the court city Dresden and proto-industrial district of Upper Lusatia. What made Saxony stand out were its liberal commercial policy and the development of rural trade. However, given that the growth of the market in Saxony was confined to geographically narrow zones, and that Prussia refused to be integrated with Hamburg, I concluded that the German market was distorted.
Secondary predicates and motion events: the rise of complex predicates in Vedic Sanskrit
Authors: Casaretto Antje 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In Late Vedic and Classical Sanskrit, a periphrastic construction consisting of a desemanticized motion or position verb and a participle is used to express a continuous, habitual or iterative action. Since in Early Vedic the finite verb still retains its lexical meaning, the grammaticalization must have taken place in post-Rigvedic times. Still, there are some ambiguous sentences in the Rigveda where interpretation as motion event and as continuous etc. event appear equally plausible and which are possible bridging contexts for the later reanalysis as a periphrasis. This paper focuses on the start of the development and re-evaluates the Rigvedic data. Two factors that have not been considered yet seem to have played a decisive role in the grammaticalization process: (1) the synchronic function of the participle as secondary predicate, a participant-oriented adjunct that overlaps temporally with the time frame set by the finite verb, and (2) the usage of motion verbs in non-directional contexts, i.e. in sentences without overt complements. Both factors are fundamental for the interpretational switch from motion to non-motion event, which is a prerequisite for the rise of the later periphrastic construction.
Pigmentation anomalies and lesions in bats from Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: Hernández-Aguilar Itandehui , Lorenzo Consuelo , Santos-Moreno Antonio 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Pigmentation anomalies and lesions are aspects of wild bat populations that have been rarely addressed and scarcely documented. We captured a total of 4,118 bats belonging to 30 species during 2020, 2021, and 2022 in the municipalities of Santa Maria Huatulco and San Miguel Lachiguiri, Oaxaca, southeastern Mexico. Of these, 9 individuals (0.21 %) showed piebaldism (6 females and 3 males), and 11 individuals (0.26 %) had skin and hair lesions (7 females and 4 males). The highest number of piebaldism and lesions was observed in Natalus mexicanus (6 of the 20 individuals), followed by Mormoops megalophylla (n = 4), Pteronotus mesoamericanus (n = 3), Pteronotus fulvus (n = 3), Glossophaga mutica (n = 2), and Artibeus lituratus (n = 2). The months with the highest number of bats with piebaldism and lesions were October (n = 6) and July 2021. Seventeen records occurred in caves, two in the medium sub-evergreen forest, and one in a human settlement. To date, it has not been confirmed that skin depigmentation in bats affects the social life and reproductive activity of bats, but they could be more susceptible to predation events. Furthermore, lesions could negatively affect flight performance and, consequently, foraging efficiency.
Mechanism exploration of ion-implanted epoxy on surface trap distribution: An approach to augment the vacuum flashover voltages
Authors: Haq Inzamam Ul , Akram Shakeel , Fang Zhi , Tariq Nazir Muhammad , Al-Ammar Essam A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The augmentation of the epoxy (EP) resin surface to advance flashover performance has become a pivotal point of global interest. This research introduces a novel surface modification method and its mechanism for insulation materials. The research follows an electron cyclotron resonance ion implantation system to subject the surface of EP insulation to ion beams with diverse energies, i.e., 6, 10, 20, 40, 50, and 60 keV for a consistent time of 300 s at an angle of 90°. The experimental phase includes the DC flashover examination under negative polarity. Besides, the simulation phase includes the Monte Carlo model constructed using SRIM software to examine the range and distribution of bombarded ions in the targeted insulation. Results reveal that the flashover properties are affected by the surface potential, surface conductivity, trap distribution, water contact angle, and elemental composition. Likewise, based on the outcomes and theoretical point of view, it is revealed that the bombardment of energetic ions enhances the trap depth, assisting in a reduction in surface conductivity, confining the surface charge movements, and extensively suppressing the secondary electron emission yield. Also, the enhanced trap depth induces homo-charge formation near triple junctions. Synergistically, the factors contribute to high flashover voltages.
Prediction of flexural strength of concrete with eggshell and glass powders: Advanced cutting-edge approach for sustainable materials
Authors: Liu Xiaofei , AlAteah Ali H. , Alsubeai Ali , Alahmari Turki S. , Mostafa Sahar A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Currently, there is a lack of research comparing the efficacy of machine learning and response surface methods in predicting flexural strength of Concrete with Eggshell and Glass Powders. This research aims to predict and simulate the flexural strengths of concrete that replaces cement and fine aggregate with waste materials such as eggshell powder (ESP) and waste glass powder (WGP). The response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) techniques are used. A dataset comprising previously published research was used to assess predictive and generalization abilities of the ANN and RSM. A total of 225 research article samples were collected and split into three subsets for model development: 70% for training (157 samples), 15% for validation (34 samples), and 15% for testing (34 samples). ANN used seven independent variables to model and improve the model, whereas RSM used three variables (cement, WGP, and ESP) to improve the model. The k-fold cross-validation validated the generalizability of the model, and the statistical metrics demonstrated favorable outcomes. Both ANN and RSM techniques are effective instruments for predicting flexural strength, according to the statistical results, which include the mean squared error, determination coefficient (R
2), and adjusted coefficient (R
2 adj). RSM was able to achieve an R
2 of 0.7532 for flexural strength, whereas the accuracy of the results for ANN was 0.956 for flexural strength. Moreover, the correlation between the ANN and RSM models and the experimental data was high. However, the ANN model exhibited superior accuracy.
Antibiotic Appropriateness for Urinary Tract Infections in Children
Authors: Dantas Marina , Eckard Allison Ross , Morrisette Taylor , Williams Daniel , Thacker Stephen A. , Teufel Ronald J. 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES
We examined local prescribing patterns across the entire treatment course for children treated for uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) to determine opportunities for antibiotic stewardship initiatives.

METHODS
We conducted a retrospective review of emergency department and inpatient encounters for febrile and afebrile UTI in a children’s hospital from 2021 to 2022. An antibiotic spectrum ranking was established, and providers’ choices were assessed for appropriateness on the basis of the individuals’ urine culture (UCx). Groups were stratified by fever presence and compared using χ2, Fisher’s exact, and Mann-Whitney U tests.

RESULTS
Of 172 encounters (83% emergency department), 99 (58%) had a positive UCx. Eighty (80%) grew Escherichia coli, with 67 (84%) being susceptible to cefazolin (minimum inhibitory concentration ≤16 mg/L). There were 229 antibiotic regimens and 39 (17%) were appropriate. Inappropriate antibiotic choices included unnecessary use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and misdiagnosed UTI. Grouping by encounter, at least 1 dose of a third cephalosporin was given in 51% of encounters, and 80% of these received it unnecessarily because of UTI misdiagnosis or suitability of a narrower-spectrum antibiotic. The median prescribed antibiotic duration was 7 days (interquartile range 7–10). Of 73 encounters with UCx growing mixed flora or a nonuropathogen, only 29 (40%) had antibiotics discontinued. Confirmed UTI was associated with fever and nitrite positivity.

CONCLUSIONS
Our study revealed high prevalence of inappropriate antibiotics, particularly unnecessary prescribing of third cephalosporin, prescriptions not supported by laboratory data, and prolonged treatment courses. Our results identify factors that can be used to support UTI treatment pathways and ensure antibiotic stewardship.
Pottery Production Changes During the Transition from Byzantine to Umayyad Rule
Authors: Al-Shorman Ahmed , Shiyab Atef , Tarboush Maher 
Published: October 2024

Pottery is the most affected tool by the changes in human societies; this is due to its flexibility during forming. In order to estimate the effect of the transition of inhabitants of the urban center of Umm Qais (Gadara), north Jordan, from Byzantine (Christianity) to Umayyad (Islam) rule on pottery production traditions, a total of 29 cooking pots and sherds of pottery jars were selected. The samples were dated according to stratigraphy, archaeological context, and parallel examples to the proposed periods. The samples were investigated following the typological and archaeometric approaches. The raw materials and firing technology of the pottery during the two periods were determined following chemical and mineralogical methods using petrography, XRD, ED-XRF, and EDX-SEM techniques. The results revealed that many styles and forms of pottery continued to be produced and some new styles emerged at the urban center of Gadara. Technically, the potters inherited the knowledge of selecting the available raw materials and firing conditions of pottery during the Byzantine and Umayyad periods. During these periods, Umm Qais potters used the local raw materials—non-calcareous ferruginous illite clays mixed with medium to high amounts of coarse quartz grains and fired at temperatures around 1000° in an oxidizing atmosphere to produce cooking pots. They used the available medium to highcalcareous ferruginous illite clays and fired them at temperatures between 850° and 950° in an oxidizing atmosphere to produce the jars. Importing fine fabric jars and cooking pots during the seventh century from Jarash are indicated too. Thus, the types and forms of everyday use pottery were more affected by the political and religious changes than the technical aspects.
Effect of the Communities That HEAL Intervention on Overdose Education and Naloxone Distribution: A Cluster-Randomized, Wait-List Controlled Trial
Authors: Freeman Patricia R. , Walley Alexander Y. , Winhusen T. John , Oga Emmanuel A. , Villani Jennifer , Hunt Timothy , Chandler Redonna K. , Oyler Douglas R. , Reilly Brittni , Gelberg Kitty , Douglas Christian , Lyons Michael S. , Holloway JaNae , Vandergrift Nathan A. , Adams Joella W. , Asman Katherine , Baker Trevor J. , Brancato Candace J. , Cheng Debbie M. , Childerhose Janet E. , David James L. , Feaster Daniel J. , Gilbert Louisa , Glasgow LaShawn M. , Goddard-Eckrich Dawn A. , Knott Charles , Knudsen Hannah K. , Lofwall Michelle R. , Marks Katherine R. , McMullan Jason T. , Oser Carrie B. , Roberts Monica F. , Shoben Abigail B. , Stein Michael D. , Walters Scott T. , Watson Josie , Zarkin Gary A. , Jackson Rebecca D. , Samet Jeffrey H. , Walsh Sharon L. , Bassel Nabila El 
Published: October 2024

Objectives. To determine whether the Communities That HEAL (CTH) intervention is effective in increasing naloxone distribution compared with usual care. Methods. The HEALing (Helping to End Addiction Long-Term) Communities Study (HCS) is a cluster-randomized, parallel-arm, wait-list controlled implementation science trial testing the impact of the CTH intervention on increasing the use of evidence-based practices to lower opioid-related overdose deaths. Communities (n = 67) highly impacted by opioid overdose in Kentucky, Massachusetts, New York, and Ohio were allocated to CTH intervention (n = 34) or wait-list comparison (usual care; n = 33) arms. The primary outcome for this study was the number of naloxone units distributed in HCS communities during the comparison period (July 1, 2021‒June 30, 2022), examined using an intent-to-treat negative binomial regression model. Results. Naloxone distribution was 79% higher in the CTH intervention versus usual care arm (adjusted relative rate = 1.79; 95% confidence interval = 1.28, 2.51; P = .001; adjusted rates of naloxone distribution 3378 vs 1884 naloxone units per 100 000 residents), when controlling for urban‒rural status, state, baseline opioid-related overdose death rate, and baseline naloxone distribution rate. Conclusions. The CTH intervention increased naloxone distribution compared with usual care in communities highly impacted by the opioid crisis. Trial Registration. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04111939. ( Am J Public Health. 2025;115(1):83–94. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307845 )
Emulsion-Stabilized Hydrate Slurries: An Operational Flow Assurance Reality or a False Sense of Security
Authors: Wylde J. J. , Majid A. A. A. , Bbosa B. , Smith R. , Hernandez O. , Asheim C. , Patel Z. 
Published: October 2024

Summary
In this paper, we provide a detailed case study on a laboratory-to-field strategy evaluating the use of flowline emulsions as a method of chemical-free hydrate control up to 25 vol% water cut. This is now ready to be put into successful operational practice in the deepwater production environment. The oil in question was known to have a strong tendency to emulsify, and a detailed study of the separability of oil and water was necessary to understand the propensity for emulsions to form and, more importantly, break. Rheology studies were used to determine the thermal and shear influences on emulsion stability. These results better aligned the hydrate application testing performed using rocking cell and autoclave methods to determine hydrate formation under dynamic conditions and the propensity for hydrates to form at ever-increasing water cuts. Customized test protocols were required for the hydrate testing to better risk manage the nuanced aspects of hydrate formation, including agglomeration amount and bedding (settling) propensity. The emulsion testing showed a very stable and tight water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion formed that did not invert until &gt;50 vol% water cut. The emulsions were rheologically complex and very temperature and shear dependent. At typical steady-state subsea conditions, significant separation was not anticipated to occur up to and beyond 25 vol% water cut. Hydrate performance testing was able to demonstrate that at shear stresses approximating the flowline, 25 vol% water cut was able to remain emulsified for the whole of the test and was not available to create a significant hydrate slurry. At 30 vol% water cut, significant hydrates formed and were deemed too operationally risky to go untreated. As of the time of this writing, the field is not producing significant amounts of water requiring hydrate control; however, the testing enabled a risk management approach that will require no hydrate control (“do nothing”) for water cuts below 25 vol% for extended shutdowns and cold restart scenarios. Flow assurance strategies and procedures are being updated to reflect this approach. Taking advantage of the use of naturally occurring emulsions to solve deepwater hydrate flow assurance challenges is a novel and developing technique. Successfully risk-managed cases are required to be shared with the industry to drive toward a lower carbon footprint production future coupled with less chemical exposure to the environment.