bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review of the evidence on orthotic devices for the management of knee instability related to neuromuscular and central nervous system disorders
Authors: McDaid Catriona , Fayter Debra , Booth Alison , O'Connor Joanne , Rodriguez-Lopez Rocio , McCaughan Dorothy , Bowers Roy , Iglesias Cynthia P , Lalor Simon , O'Connor Rory J , Phillips Margaret , Ramdharry Gita 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesTo assess the effectiveness of orthotic devices for the management of instability of the knee in adults with a neuromuscular disorder or central nervous system disorder.DesignA systematic review of primary studies.SettingCommunity.ParticipantsAdults with a neuromuscular disorder or central nervous system disorder and impaired walking ability due to instability of the knee.InterventionsOrthoses with the clinical aim of controlling knee instability, for example, knee-ankle-foot orthoses, ankle-foot orthoses and knee orthoses or mixed design with no restrictions in design or material.Primary and secondary outcome measuresCondition-specific or generic patient-reported outcome measures assessing function, disability, independence, activities of daily living, quality of life or psychosocial outcomes; pain; walking ability; functional assessments; biomechanical analysis; adverse effects; usage; patient satisfaction and the acceptability of a device; and resource utilisation data.ResultsTwenty-one studies including 478 patients were included. Orthotic devices were evaluated in patients with postpolio syndrome, poststroke syndrome, inclusion body myositis and spinal cord injury. The review included 2 randomised controlled trials (RCTs), 3 non-randomised controlled studies and 16 case series. Most were small, single-centre studies with only 6 of 21 following patients for 1 year or longer. They met between one and five of nine quality criteria and reported methods and results poorly. They mainly assessed outcomes related to gait analysis and energy consumption with limited use of standardised, validated, patient-reported outcome measures. There was an absence of evidence on outcomes of direct importance to patients such as reduction in pain and falls.ConclusionsThere is a need for high-quality research, particularly RCTs, of orthotic devices for knee instability related to neuromuscular and central nervous system conditions. This research should address outcomes important to patients. There may also be value in developing a national registry.Registration number systematic reviewPROSPERO (CRD42014010180).
Cohort profile: maternal lifestyle and diet in relation to pregnancy, postpartum and infant health outcomes in Vietnam: A multicentre prospective cohort study
Authors: Nguyen Cong Luat , Nguyen Phung Thi Hoang , Chu Tan Khac , Ha Anh Vo Van , Pham Ngoc Minh , Duong Dat Van , Do Dung Van , Tang Hong Kim , Binns Colin W , Lee Andy H 
Published: September 2017

PurposeTo determine modifiable maternal risk factors for adverse pregnancy, postpartum maternal and child health outcomes in Vietnam.ParticipantsThis prospective cohort study included pregnant women seeking prenatal care at six hospitals in three large cities in Vietnam. After enrolment, eligible participants who gave their consent to participate in the study were interviewed at 24–28 weeks' gestation. Glucose testing was conducted and blood pressure was measured during this period. Each participant will be assessed prospectively during their postnatal visits at delivery, 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months, and will be followed up for 5 years.Findings to dateOf 2248 eligible pregnant women, 2030 were recruited (participation rate 90.3%) between August 2015 and July 2016. All participants completed the baseline assessment. Their mean (SD) age was 27.6 (5.3) years. The mean pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) was 20.2 (SD 2.6) kg/m2, with nearly two-thirds of participants having a normal pre-pregnancy BMI (18.5 to <23.0 kg/m2) and one-quarter being underweight (pre-pregnancy BMI <18.5 kg/m2). Overweight or obese mothers (pre-pregnancy BMI ≥23.0 kg/m2) accounted for 12.8%. No pregnant women reported smoking during their pregnancy while 13.4% of them had continued drinking. 22.8% of participants had hyperglycaemia. Their mean systolic blood pressure was 105.6 (SD 8.2) mm Hg, and diastolic blood pressure was 67.4 (SD 7.5) mm Hg.Future plansThe relationships of maternal lifestyle and nutritional status with the health outcomes of pregnancy, postpartum maternity and infants will be analysed. Meanwhile, participants will be closely tracked to minimise loss to follow-up.
Effects of complex interventions in ‘skin cancer prevention and treatment’: protocol for a mixed-method systematic review with qualitative comparative analysis
Authors: Beifus Karolina , Breitbart Eckhard , Köberlein-Neu Juliane 
Published: September 2017

IntroductionOccurring from ultraviolet radiation combined with impairing ozone levels, uncritical sun exposure and use of tanning beds an increasing number of people are affected by different types of skin cancer. But preventive interventions like skin cancer screening are still missing the evidence for effectiveness and therefore are criticised. Fundamental for an appropriate course of action is to approach the defined parameters as measures for effectiveness critically. A prerequisite should be the critical application of used parameter that are defined as measures for effectiveness. This research seeks to establish, through the available literature, the effects and conditions that prove the effectiveness of prevention strategies in skin cancer.Method and analysisA mixed-method approach is employed to combine quantitative to qualitative methods and answer what effects can display effectiveness considering time horizon, perspective and organisational level and what are essential and sufficient conditions to prove effectiveness and cost-effectiveness in skin cancer prevention strategies. A systematic review will be performed to spot studies from any design and assess the data quantitatively and qualitatively. Included studies from each key question will be summarised by characteristics like population, intervention, comparison, outcomes, study design, endpoints, effect estimator and so on. Beside statistical relevancies for a systematic review the qualitative method of qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) will be performed. The estimated outcomes from this review and QCA are the accomplishment and absence of effects that are appropriate for application in effectiveness assessments and further cost-effectiveness assessment.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethical approval is not required as primary data will not be collected.Trial registration numberInternational Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews number CRD42017053859.
Alcohol, Physical Activity, Smoking, and Breast Cancer Subtypes in a Large, Nested Case–Control Study from the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Program
Authors: Ellingjord-Dale Merete , Vos Linda , Hjerkind Kirsti Vik , Hjartåker Anette , Russnes Hege G. , Tretli Steinar , Hofvind Solveig , dos-Santos-Silva Isabel , Ursin Giske 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Background: To what extent alcohol, smoking, and physical activity are associated with the various subtypes of breast cancer is not clear. We took advantage of a large population-based screening cohort to determine whether these risk factors also increase the risk of the poor prognosis subtypes.
Methods: We conducted a matched case–control study nested within the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Program during 2006–2014. A total of 4,402 breast cancer cases with risk factor and receptor data were identified. Five controls were matched to each case on year of birth and year of screening. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs of breast cancer subtypes adjusted for potential confounders.
Results: There were 2,761 luminal A–like, 709 luminal B–like HER2-negative, 367 luminal B–like HER2-positive, 204 HER2-positive, and 361 triple-negative cancers. Current alcohol consumption was associated with breast cancer risk overall [OR 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09–1.45] comparing 6+ glasses a week to never drinkers. However, this risk increase was found only for luminal A–like breast cancer. Smoking 20+ cigarettes a day was associated with an OR of 1.41 (95% CI, 1.06–1.89) overall, with significant trends for luminal A–like and luminal B–like HER2-negative cancer. Current physical activity (4+ hours/week compared with none) was associated with 15% decreased risk of luminal A–like cancer, but not clearly with other subtypes.
Conclusions: In this large study, alcohol, smoking, and physical activity were predominantly associated with luminal A–like breast cancer.
Impact: Alcohol, smoking, and physical activity were associated with luminal A–like breast cancer subtype. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(12); 1736–44. ©2017 AACR.
E.E. Green’s collection of scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) in The Natural History Museum, London, U.K.
Authors: WILLIAMS D.J. 
Published: September 2017

In 1940, E.E. Green’s collection of scale insects, consisting of 6505 microscope slides and 2172 boxes of dry material, was donated to the The Natural History Museum, London, U.K. (then the British Museum (Natural History)). Green was a tea and coffee planter in Sri Lanka, and later became Government Agricultural Entomologist there before retiring to England in 1913. He continued to work on scale insects and became one of the foremost scale insect specialists at the time. His collection includes most of the species he described as new, but is also important because it contains authentic material sent to Green by other contemporary workers on scale insects. The collection is listed as it was when originally donated, firstly giving the names of species that Green recognised at the time, followed by the number of microscope slides, followed by numbers of developmental stages in the material; lastly is provided the current name of each species. The list is divided into the 31 extant families represented in Green’s collection.
Predictors of Neonatal Tetanus Mortality in Katsina State, Northwestern Nigeria
Authors: Nass Shafique Sani , Danawi Hadi , Cain Loretta , Sharma Manoj 
Published: September 2017

Background: The mortality rate of neonatal tetanus (NNT) remains high in Nigeria. The study was guided by Mosley and Chen’s model for the elements of child survival in developing countries. The goal of the study was to assess the associations between selected NNT risk factors, number of maternal tetanus toxoid injections, frequency of antenatal visits, place of delivery, and cord care with neonatal mortality as the outcome variable. Methods: The study is a retrospective record review using data from 332 NNT records and analyzed using a logistic regression model. Findings: Neonates whose mothers had 1 dose of tetanus toxoid vaccine were found to be 4% less prone to NNT mortality compared to neonates whose mothers did not have any dose of tetanus toxoid vaccine during pregnancy ( P < .05, odds ratio = 4.12, 95% confidence interval = 1.04-16.29. Frequency of antenatal visits, place of delivery, and cord care were all not significant predictors of NNT mortality. Conclusion: The study shows that there is association between NNT risk factors and neonatal mortality, hence the need to further strengthen the NNT surveillance system for early detection of potential risk factors. This would help develop specific public health interventions aimed at improving the outcome of NNT. Implications: The identification and analysis of NNT mortality risk factors and promoting tetanus toxoid vaccination among pregnant women are effective strategies toward attaining NNT elimination goals in Nigeria.
Predictive validity of the Braden scale for assessing risk of developing pressure ulcers and dependence-related lesions
Authors: Roca-Biosca A. , Rubio-Rico L. , Fernández M.I. de Molina , Grau N. García , Garijo G. Tuset , Fernández F.P. García 
Published: September 2017

Objective: In 2014, a new theoretical model explained the mechanism of the development of pressure ulcers (PUs) and that of seven types of lesions known as dependence-related lesions (DRL). The aim of this study was to calculate the incidence of DRL that have been classified as PUs and to check the predictive validity of the Braden scale for assessing DRL in accordance with the new theoretical model in an intensive care unit (ICU). Method This longitudinal, prospective study was conducted in a Spanish ICU. The patients were monitored for 14 days in the ICU until they developed DRL, died, or were discharged. The patients' risk of developing DRL was assessed each day using the Braden scale. The following parameters were taken as reference for validating the scale: sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV, respectively), relative risk (RR) and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Of the 295 patients included in the study, 27.5% developed DRL, which 50.6% were categorised as PUs, 17.3% caused by moisture, and 13.6% caused by friction. The rest were categorised as caused by a combination of factors. Risk according to the Braden scale was greater in the group of patients with DRL than in the group of patients without. The highest risk score provided the best predictive validity parameters for the DRL (Se 0.90, Sp 0.26, PPV 0.31, NPV 0.78 and RR 3.15 [confidence interval (CI) 95%: 1.42–6.96]). These vaules show the individuals at risk are well detected, although it is at the expense of generating a number of false positive cases. Conclusions: The Braden scale has demonstrated a moderate capacity for predicting PUs and DRL caused by moisture, but no capacity for predicting DRL caused by friction.
‘No, there is no room for you’: Audience reception and televised interculturality in Spain
Authors: Pineda Antonio , García-Jiménez Leonarda , Rodrigo-Alsina Miquel 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In Spain, a country characterized by multiculturalism and high television consumption, the way television represents interculturality becomes a relevant object of study. This article analyses how Spanish audiences (divided into two age groups, 20 to 30 year olds and 40 to 60 years olds) decode the way interculturality is represented on television. The most significant finding is that audiences decode mediated intercultural relationships in a polarized way, with critical positions coexisting with interpretations in line with hegemonic readings. Audiences consider TV news to be irrelevant and perceive that cultures are treated differently by the media. Paradoxically, dominant readings coexist with a tendency to scepticism, with news stories regarded as banal and biased. The study sheds light on the idea that audiences interpret and evaluate televised information differently, and that the way this information is decoded depends on factors such as the experience of the viewer.
Stitching web tables for improving matching quality
Authors: Lehmberg Oliver , Bizer Christian 
Published: September 2017

HTML tables on web pages ("web tables") cover a wide variety of topics. Data from web tables can thus be useful for tasks such as knowledge base completion or ad hoc table extension. Before table data can be used for these tasks, the tables must be matched to the respective knowledge base or base table. The challenges of web table matching are the high heterogeneity and the small size of the tables.
Though it is known that the majority of web tables are very small, the gold standards that are used to compare web table matching systems mostly consist of larger tables. In this experimental paper, we evaluate T2K Match, a web table to knowledge base matching system, and COMA, a standard schema matching tool, using a sample of web tables that is more realistic than the gold standards that were previously used. We find that both systems fail to produce correct results for many of the very small tables in the sample. As a remedy, we propose to stitch (combine) the tables from each web site into larger ones and match these enlarged tables to the knowledge base or base table afterwards. For this stitching process, we evaluate different schema matching methods in combination with holistic correspondence refinement. Limiting the stitching procedure to web tables from the same web site decreases the heterogeneity and allows us to stitch tables with very high precision. Our experiments show that applying table stitching before running the actual matching method improves the matching results by 0.38 in F1-measure for T2K Match and by 0.14 for COMA. Also, stitching the tables allows us to reduce the amount of tables in our corpus from 5 million original web tables to as few as 100,000 stitched tables.
Flower
Authors: Khoshkbarforoushha Alireza , Ranjan Rajiv , Wang Qing , Friedrich Carsten 
Published: September 2017

A data analytics flow typically operates on three layers: ingestion, analytics, and storage, each of which is provided by a data-intensive system. These systems are often available as cloud managed services, enabling the users to have pain-free deployment of data analytics flow applications such as click-stream analytics. Despite straightforward orchestration, elasticity management of the flows is challenging. This is due to: a) heterogeneity of workloads and diversity of cloud resources such as queue partitions, compute servers and NoSQL throughputs capacity, b) workload dependencies between the layers, and c) different performance behaviours and resource consumption patterns.
In this demonstration, we present Flower, a holistic elasticity management system that exploits advanced optimization and control theory techniques to manage elasticity of complex data analytics flows on clouds. Flower analyzes statistics and data collected from different data-intensive systems to provide the user with a suite of rich functionalities, including: workload dependency analysis, optimal resource share analysis, dynamic resource provisioning, and cross-platform monitoring. We will showcase various features of Flower using a real-world data analytics flow. We will allow the audience to explore Flower by visually defining and configuring a data analytics flow elasticity manager and get hands-on experience with integrated data analytics flow management.
Ciceros supplicatio und aristokratische Konkurrenz im Senat der Späten Republik
Authors: Rollinger Christian 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung:
Ciceros Wunsch nach einer supplicatio im Anschluss an sein kilikisches Prokonsulat ist bislang, von wenigen Ausnahmen abgesehen, kaum Beachtung geschenkt worden, die über eine gelegentliche Skizze im Rahmen biographischer Abhandlungen hinausgekommen wäre. Dabei zeigt aber gerade die Korrespondenz Ciceros während und unmittelbar nach seinem Prokonsulat sehr eindringlich, wie heftig der inneraristokratische Kampf um Auszeichnung und Prestige geführt wurde und bietet uns einen zeitgenössischen Einblick in die Mechaniken dieses Wettstreites, wie er informell im persönlichen und brieflichen Umgang und formell in den Sitzungen des Senates ausgetragen wurde. Ciceros Briefverkehr illustriert, wie komplexe Geflechte aus Verbindlichkeiten und gelegentlichen Abneigungen bei Senatsdebatten und Entscheidungen über öffentliche Auszeichnungen zum Tragen kamen und welche Mittel den Betroffenen zur Durchsetzung ihres Anliegens offenstanden. Somit geben sie uns auch einen wertvollen Blick auf die Bedeutung aristokratischen Prestiges, dessen standesinterne Verhandlung und die politische Praxis am Ende der Republik frei.
MicroRNA let-7g directly targets forkhead box C2 (FOXC2) to modulate bone metastasis in breast cancer
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Ming , Zhou Yongxin , Zhao Yu 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAberrantly expressed microRNAs have been implicated in lots of cancers. Reduced amounts of let-7g have been found in breast cancer tissues. The function of let-7g in bone metastasis of breast cancer remains poorly understood. This study is to explore the significance of let-7g and its novel target gene in bone metastasis of breast cancer.The expression of let-7g or forkhead box C2 (FOXC2) was measured in human clinical breast cancer tissues with bone metastasis by using quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). After transfection with let-7g or anti-let-7g in breast cancer cell linesMDA-MB-231or SK-BR3, qRT-PCR and Western blot were done to test the levels of let-7g and FOXC2. The effect of anti-let-7g and/ or FOXC2 RNA interference (RNAi) on cell migration in breast cancer cells was evaluated by using wound healing assay.Clinically, qRT-PCR showed that FOXC2 levels were higher in breast cancer tissues with bone metastasis than those in their noncancerous counterparts. Let-7g was showed to be negatively correlated with FOXC2 in human breast cancer samples with bone metastasis. We found that enforced expression of let-7g reduced levels of FOXC2 protein by using Western blot in MDA-MB-231 cells. Conversely, anti-let-7g enhanced levels of FOXC2 in SK-BR3 cells. In terms of function, anti-let-7g accelerated migration of SK-BR3 cells. Interestingly, FOXC2 RNAi abrogated anti-let-7g-mediated migration in breast cancer cells. Thus, we conclude that let-7g suppresses cell migration through targeting FOXC2 in breast cancer. Our finding provides a new perspective for understanding the mechanism of bone metastasis in breast cancer.
Sozialpharmazie: ein Überblick
Authors: Puteanus Udo 
Published: September 2017

ZusammenfassungSozialpharmazie ist innerhalb der universitären Pharmazie in der Bundesrepublik nicht verankert – im Ausland schon. Vereinzelt werden sozialpharmazeutische Themen in anderen universitären Fächern und von Behörden aufgegriffen, jedoch fehlt die systematische Forschung zu sozialen und gesellschaftlichen Fragen der Arzneitherapie, zu Versorgungsprozessen, zu interessengeleiteten Einflüssen und zur Bedeutung von Apotheken und Apothekern in der Versorgung. Der sozialkompensatorische Auftrag des ÖGD wird bei Arzneimitteln – außer in NRW – ebenfalls nur rudimentär wahrgenommen.
Personalized medicine and global health
Authors: Kohler Stefan 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
More and more new drug substances are personalized medicines. Their impact on population health is globally small because mortality from many major causes of death is not reduced. More than half of all deaths worldwide can be attributed to behavioral, environmental and occupational, or metabolic risks. Broad personalized medicine approaches, which collect and use information also to better target interventions on major health risks are needed to improve global population health.
Veränderte Konstellationen von Elternschaft in der Gegenwart
Authors: Feldhaus Michael , Schlegel Monika 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung:
Der vorliegende Artikel zeigt die hohe Komplexität gegenwärtiger Elternschaftskonstellationen und Familienstrukturen auf, bei denen sich eine besondere Dynamik insbesondere infolge der Trennung der Eltern bzw. deren Wiederverheiratung zeigt. Im Beitrag wird diskutiert, welche Herausforderungen solche Neukonstellationen insbesondere für Eltern und Kinder mit sich bringen. Darüber hinaus wird untersucht, ob sich unterschiedliche Familientypen im Blick auf Rollenerwartungen, Familiennormen und Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen voneinander unterscheiden.
Hierbei zeigen sich insbesondere für Stieffamilien und Alleinerziehende deutliche Unterschiede.