bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolite Profiling of Preneoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions of Oral Cavity Tissue Samples Revealed a Biomarker Pattern
Authors: Musharraf Syed Ghulam , Shahid Najia , Naqvi Syed Muhammad Ali , Saleem Mahwish , Siddiqui Amna Jabbar , Ali Anwar 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOral cancer is a major health challenge in the Indian subcontinent and a dreadful form of cancers worldwide. The current study is focused on the identification of distinguished metabolites of oral cancer tissue samples in comparison with precancerous and control tissue samples using gas chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry and chemometric analyses. Metabolites obtained were identified through National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) mass spectral (Wiley registry) library. Mass Profiler Professional (MPP) software was used for the alignment and for all the statistical analysis. 31 compounds out of 735 found distinguishing among oral cancer, precancerous and control group samples using p-value ≤ 0.05. Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLSDA) model was generated using statistically significant metabolites gave an overall accuracy of 90.2%. Down-regulated amino acid levels appear to be the result of enhanced energy metabolism or up-regulation of the appropriate biosynthetic pathways, and required cell proliferation in cancer tissues. These results suggest that tissue metabolic profiles have great potential in detecting oral cancer and may aid in understanding its underlying mechanisms.
Effects of light attenuation on the sponge holobiont- implications for dredging management
Authors: Pineda Mari-Carmen , Strehlow Brian , Duckworth Alan , Doyle Jason , Jones Ross , Webster Nicole S. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDredging and natural sediment resuspension events can cause high levels of turbidity, reducing the amount of light available for photosynthetic benthic biota. To determine how marine sponges respond to light attenuation, five species were experimentally exposed to a range of light treatments. Tolerance thresholds and capacity for recovery varied markedly amongst species. Whilst light attenuation had no effect on the heterotrophic speciesStylissa flabelliformisandIanthella basta,the phototrophic speciesCliona orientalisandCarteriospongia foliascensdiscoloured (bleached) over a 28 day exposure period to very low light (<0.8 mol photons m−2d−1). In darkness, both species discoloured within a few days, concomitant with reduced fluorescence yields, chlorophyll concentrations and shifts in their associated microbiomes. The phototrophic speciesCymbastela coralliophilawas less impacted by light reduction.C. orientalisandC. coralliophilaexhibited full recovery under normal light conditions, whilstC. foliascensdid not recover and showed high levels of mortality. The light treatments used in the study are directly relevant to conditions that can occurin situduring dredging projects, indicating that light attenuation poses a risk to photosynthetic marine sponges. Examining benthic light levels over temporal scales would enable dredging proponents to be aware of conditions that could impact on sponge physiology.
Evidence for the transition from primary to peritectic phase growth during solidification of undercooled Ni-Zr alloy levitated by electromagnetic field
Authors: Lü P. , Zhou K. , Wang H. P. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe Ni83.25Zr16.75 peritectic alloy was undercooled by electromagnetic levitation method up to 198 K. The measured dendritic growth velocity shows a steep acceleration at a critical undercooling of ΔTcrit = 124 K, which provides an evidence of the transition of the primary growth mode from Ni7Zr2 phase to peritectic phase Ni5Zr. This is ascertained by combining the temperature-time profile and the evolution of the solidified microstructures. Below the critical undercooling, the solidified microstructure is composed of coarse Ni7Zr2 dendrites, peritectic phase Ni5Zr and eutectic structure. However, beyond the critical undercooling, only a small amount of Ni7Zr2 phase appears in the solidified microstructure. The dendritic growth mechanism of Ni7Zr2 phase is mainly governed by solute diffusion. While, the dendritic growth mechanism of Ni5Zr phase is mainly controlled by thermal diffusion and liquid-solid interface atomic attachment kinetics.
Aniline-containing guests recognized by α,α’,δ,δ’-tetramethyl-cucurbit[6]uril host
Authors: Lin Rui-Lian , Fang Guo-Sheng , Sun Wen-Qi , Liu Jing-Xin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe host−guest complexation of symmetrical α,α’,δ,δ’-tetramethyl-cucurbit[6]uril (TMeQ[6]) and cucurbit[7]uril (Q[7]) with a series of aniline-containing guests has been investigated by various experimental techniques including NMR, ITC, and X-ray crystallography. Experimental results indicate that both TMeQ[6] and Q[7] hosts can encapsulate aniline-containing guests to form stable inclusion complexes. However, the oval cavity of TMeQ[6] is more complementary in size and shape to the aromatic ring of the guests than the spherical cavity of Q[7]. Shielding and deshielding effects of the aromatic ring on guests lead to the remarkable chemical shifts of the TMeQ[6] host protons. The rotational restriction of the guests in the oval cavity of TMeQ[6] results in the large negative values of entropy. The X-ray crystal structure of the 1:1 inclusion complex between TMeQ[6] and N,N′-diethyl-benzene-1,4-diamine unambiguously reveals that the aromatic ring of the guest resides in the oval cavity of TMeQ[6].
Toxicity of nine insecticides on four natural enemies of Spodoptera exigua
Authors: Liu Yongqiang , Li Xiangying , Zhou Chao , Liu Feng , Mu Wei 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSpodoptera exigua, which feeds on various crops worldwide, has natural enemies that are susceptible to the insecticides used against S. exigua. We investigate the toxicity and residue risk of 9 insecticides on the development of H. axyridis, C. sinica, S. manilae and T. remus. S. manilae and T. remus adults were sensitive to all 9 insecticides (LC50 less than 2.75 mg a.i. liter−1), while H. axyridis and C. sinica adults were less sensitive (LC50 between 6 × 10−5 mg a.i. liter−1 and 78.95 mg a.i. liter−1). Emamectin benzoate, spinosad, indoxacarb, alpha-cypermethrin, chlorfenapyr and chlorantraniliprole showed no toxicity on H. axyridis, C. sinica, S. manilae and T. remus pupae with the recommended field concentrations. The risk analysis indicated that chlorantraniliprole is harmless to larvae of four natural enemies and adult of H. axyridis, C. sinica and S. manilae. Emamectin benzoate and spinosad had higher safety to the development of H. axyridis, C. sinica, S. manilae and T. remus with the risk duration less than 4d. Indoxacarb, tebufenozide, chlorfenapyr, methomyl, alpha-cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos showed dangerously toxic and long risk duration on S. manilae and T. remus adults.
Ultrathin Terahertz Quarter-wave plate based on Split Ring Resonator and Wire Grating hybrid Metasurface
Authors: Nouman Muhammad Tayyab , Hwang Ji Hyun , Jang Jae-Hyung 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPlanar metasurface based quarter-wave plates offer various advantages over conventional waveplates in terms of compactness, flexibility and simple fabrication; however they offer very narrow bandwidth of operation. Here, we demonstrate a planar terahertz (THz) metasurface capable of linear to circular polarization conversion and vice versa in a wide frequency range. The proposed metasurface is based on horizontally connected split ring resonators and is realized on an ultrathin (0.05λ) zeonor substrate. The fabricated quarter waveplate realizes linear to circular polarization conversion in two broad frequency bands comprising 0.64–0.82 THz and 0.96–1.3 THz with an insertion loss ranging from −3.9 to −10 dB. By virtue of ultrathin sub wavelength thickness, the proposed waveplate design is well suited for application in near field THz optical systems. Additionally, the proposed metasurface design offers novel transmission phase characteristics that present further opportunities to realize dynamic polarization control of incident waves.
Identification and characterization of human testis derived circular RNAs and their existence in seminal plasma
Authors: Dong Wei-Wei , Li Hui-Min , Qing Xing-Rong , Huang Dong-Hui , Li Hong-Gang 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as novel molecules of interest in gene regulation as other noncoding RNAs. Though they have been explored in some species and tissues, the expression and functions of circRNAs in human reproductive systems remain unknown. Here we revealed the expression profiles of circRNAs in human testis tissue using high-throughput sequencing. The conformation of these testis-derived circRNAs in seminal plasma was also investigated, aiming to provide a non-invasive liquid biopsy surrogate for testicular biopsy. We predicted >15,000 circRNAs in human testis, with most of them (10,792; 67%) new. In all the 5,928 circRNA forming genes, 1,017 are first reported by us to generate circRNAs. Interestingly, these genes are mostly related to spermatogenesis, sperm motility, fertilization, etc. The sequence feature, chromosome location, alternative splicing and other characteristics of the circRNAs in human testis were also explored. Moreover, we found that these testis-derived circRNAs could be stably detected in seminal plasma. Most of them were probably bound with proteins in seminal plasma and were very stable at room temperature. Our work has laid the foundations to decipher regulation mechanisms of circRNAs in spermatogenesis and to develop circRNAs as novel noninvasive biomarkers for male infertile diseases.
Perceived Occupational Stress is associated with Decreased Cortical Activity of the Prefrontal Cortex: A Multichannel Near-infrared Spectroscopy Study
Authors: Chou Po-Han , Lin Wei-Hao , Hung Chao-An , Chang Chiung-Chih , Li Wan-Rung , Lan Tsuo-Hung , Huang Min-Wei 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDespite an increasing number of reports on the associations between chronic occupational stress and structural and functional changes of the brain, the underlying neural correlates of perceived occupational stress is still not clear. Perceived stress reflects the extents to which situations are appraised as stressful at a given point in one’s life. Using near-infrared spectroscopy, we investigated the associations between perceived occupational stress and cortical activity over the bilateral frontotemporal regions during a verbal fluency test. Sixty-eight participants (17 men, 51 women), 20–62 years of age were recruited. Perceived occupational stress was measured using the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire, and the Chinese version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. We found statistically significant negative associations between occupational burnout and brain cortical activity over the fronto-polar and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during the VFT (r = −0.343 to −0.464). In conclusion, our research demonstrated a possible neural basis of perceived occupational stress that are distributed across the prefrontal cortex.
Comparative Systems Analyses Reveal Molecular Signatures of Clinically tested Vaccine Adjuvants
Authors: Olafsdottir Thorunn A. , Lindqvist Madelene , Nookaew Intawat , Andersen Peter , Maertzdorf Jeroen , Persson Josefine , Christensen Dennis , Zhang Yuan , Anderson Jenna , Khoomrung Sakda , Sen Partho , Agger Else Marie , Coler Rhea , Carter Darrick , Meinke Andreas , Rappuoli Rino , Kaufmann Stefan H. E. , Reed Steven G. , Harandi Ali M. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA better understanding of the mechanisms of action of human adjuvants could inform a rational development of next generation vaccines for human use. Here, we exploited a genome wide transcriptomics analysis combined with a systems biology approach to determine the molecular signatures induced by four clinically tested vaccine adjuvants, namely CAF01, IC31, GLA-SE and Alum in mice. We report signature molecules, pathways, gene modules and networks, which are shared by or otherwise exclusive to these clinical-grade adjuvants in whole blood and draining lymph nodes of mice. Intriguingly, co-expression analysis revealed blood gene modules highly enriched for molecules with documented roles in T follicular helper (TFH) and germinal center (GC) responses. We could show that all adjuvants enhanced, although with different magnitude and kinetics, TFH and GC B cell responses in draining lymph nodes. These results represent, to our knowledge, the first comparative systems analysis of clinically tested vaccine adjuvants that may provide new insights into the mechanisms of action of human adjuvants.
Site-Selective Controlled Dealloying Process of Gold-Silver Nanowire Array: a Simple Approach towards Long-Term Stability and Sensitivity Improvement of SERS Substrate
Authors: Wiriyakun Natta , Pankhlueab Karuna , Boonrungsiman Suwimon , Laocharoensuk Rawiwan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractLimitations of achieving highly sensitive and stable surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate greatly concern the suitable method for fabrication of large-area plasmonic nanostructures. Herein we report a simple approach using template-based synthesis to create a highly ordered two-dimensional array of gold-silver alloy nanowires, followed by the controlled dealloying process. This particular step of mild acid etching (15%v/v nitric acid for 5 min) allowed the formation of Raman hot spots on the nanowire tips while maintaining the integrity of highly active alloy composition and rigid nanowire array structure. Full consideration of SERS substrate performance was accomplished using 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) as a probe molecule. Exceedingly higher SERS signal (150-fold) can be achieved with respect to typical gold film substrate. Moreover, an excellent stability of SERS substrate was also determined for over 3 months storage time. In contrast to the previous studies which stability improvement was accomplished at a cost of sensitivity reduction, the simultaneous improvement of sensitivity and stability makes the controlled dealloying process an excellent choice of SERS substrate fabrication. In addition, uniformity and reproducibility studies indicated satisfactory results with the acceptable values of relative standard deviation.
Broadband asymmetric light transmission through tapered metallic gratings at visible frequencies
Authors: Tang Bin , Li Zhongyang , Liu Zizhuo , Callewaert Francois , Aydin Koray 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAsymmetric transmission phenomenon has attracted tremendous research interest due to its potential applications in integrated photonic systems. Broadband asymmetric transmission (BAT) is a highly desirable but challenging functionality to achieve in the visible regime due to the limitation of material dispersion. In this paper, we propose and numerically demonstrate that a tapered-metal-grating structure (TMGS) can achieve high-contrast BAT spectra covering the entire visible region. The transmission efficiency reaches ~95% for the forward illumination and ~35% for the backward illumination at the same wavelengths, respectively, and the corresponding transmission ratio is larger than 2.5 over a broadband wavelength regime. Such a design with high performance suggests applications for unidirectional optical transmission, optical diode, and so on.
Global map of oxytocin/vasopressin-like neuropeptide signalling in insects
Authors: Liutkeviciute Zita , Koehbach Johannes , Eder Thomas , Gil-Mansilla Esther , Gruber Christian W. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOxytocin and vasopressin mediate a range of physiological functions that are important for osmoregulation, reproduction, social behaviour, memory and learning. The origin of this signalling system is thought to date back ~600 million years. Oxytocin/vasopressin-like peptides have been identified in several invertebrate species and they appear to be functionally related across the entire animal kingdom. There is little information available about the biology of this peptide G protein-coupled receptor signalling system in insects. Recently over 200 insect genome/transcriptome datasets were released allowing investigation of the molecular structure and phylogenetic distribution of the insect oxytocin/vasopressin orthologue – inotocin peptides and their receptors. The signalling system is present in early arthropods and representatives of some early-diverging lineages. However, Trichoptera, Lepidoptera, Siphonaptera, Mecoptera and Diptera, lack the presence of inotocin genes, which suggests the peptide-receptor system was probably lost in their common ancestor ~280 million-years-ago. In addition we detected several losses of the inotocin signalling system in Hemiptera (white flies, scale insects and aphids), and the complete absence in spiders (Chelicerata). This unique insight into evolutionarily patterns and sequence diversity of neuroendocrine hormones will provide opportunities to elucidate the physiology of the inotocin signalling system in one of the largest group of animals.
Insights into psychosis risk from leukocyte microRNA expression
Authors: Jeffries C D , Perkins D O , Chandler S D , Stark T , Yeo E , Addington J , Bearden C E , Cadenhead K S , Cannon T D , Cornblatt B A , Mathalon D H , McGlashan T H , Seidman L J , Walker E F , Woods S W , Glatt S J , Tsuang M 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDysregulation of immune system functions has been implicated in schizophrenia, suggesting that immune cells may be involved in the development of the disorder. With the goal of a biomarker assay for psychosis risk, we performed small RNA sequencing on RNA isolated from circulating immune cells. We compared baseline microRNA (miRNA) expression for persons who were unaffected (n=27) or who, over a subsequent 2-year period, were at clinical high risk but did not progress to psychosis (n=37), or were at high risk and did progress to psychosis (n=30). A greedy algorithm process led to selection of five miRNAs that when summed with +1 weights distinguished progressed from nonprogressed subjects with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.86. Of the five, miR-941 is human-specific with incompletely understood functions, but the other four are prominent in multiple immune system pathways. Three of those four are downregulated in progressed vs. nonprogressed subjects (with weight -1 in a classifier function that increases with risk); all three have also been independently reported as downregulated in monocytes from schizophrenia patients vs. unaffected subjects. Importantly, these findings passed stringent randomization tests that minimized the risk of conclusions arising by chance. Regarding miRNA–miRNA correlations over the three groups, progressed subjects were found to have much weaker miRNA orchestration than nonprogressed or unaffected subjects. If independently verified, the leukocytic miRNA biomarker assay might improve accuracy of psychosis high-risk assessments and eventually help rationalize preventative intervention decisions.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor increase during treatment in severe mental illness inpatients
Authors: Nuernberg G L , Aguiar B , Bristot G , Fleck M P , Rocha N S 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMeta-analytical evidence suggests that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is altered in various psychiatric disorders. However, meta-analyses may be hampered by the heterogeneity of BDNF assays, lack of BDNF standard values and heterogeneity among the populations included in the studies. To address these issues, our study aimed to test, in a ‘true-to-life’ setting, the hypothesis that the serum BDNF level is nonspecifically reduced in acute severe mental illness (SMI) patients and increases during inpatient treatment. Consecutive samples of 236 inpatients with SMI and 100 healthy controls were recruited. SMI includes schizophrenia and severe mood disorders, and is characterized in the sample by the presence of at least 2 years of psychiatric treatment and disability. Generalized estimating equations were used to analyze BDNF serum levels at admission and upon discharge controlled by confounding factors. BDNF levels increased significantly between admission and discharge in SMI patients. BDNF levels showed significant reductions compared with controls both at admission and upon discharge. In addition, BDNF levels showed no difference among SMI patient diagnostic subgroups (unipolar depression, bipolar depression, schizophrenia and manic episode). The increase but non-restoration of BDNF levels, even with the general acute improvement of clinical scores, may reflect the progression of the disorder characteristically seen in these patients. BDNF levels could be considered as a marker for the presence of a nonspecific psychiatric disorder and possibly a transdiagnostic and nonspecific marker of disease activity.
Experiments on Auditory-Visual Perception of Sentences by Users of Unilateral, Bimodal, and Bilateral Cochlear Implants
Authors: Dorman Michael F. , Liss Julie , Wang Shuai , Berisha Visar , Ludwig Cimarron , Natale Sarah Cook 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
Five experiments probed auditory-visual (AV) understanding of sentences by users of cochlear implants (CIs).

Method
Sentence material was presented in auditory (A), visual (V), and AV test conditions to listeners with normal hearing and CI users.

Results
(a) Most CI users report that most of the time, they have access to both A and V information when listening to speech. (b) CI users did not achieve better scores on a task of speechreading than did listeners with normal hearing. (c) Sentences that are easy to speechread provided 12 percentage points more gain to speech understanding than did sentences that were difficult. (d) Ease of speechreading for sentences is related to phrase familiarity. (e) Users of bimodal CIs benefit from low-frequency acoustic hearing even when V cues are available, and a second CI adds to the benefit of a single CI when V cues are available. (f) V information facilitates lexical segmentation by improving the recognition of the number of syllables produced and the relative strength of these syllables.

Conclusions
Our data are consistent with the view that V information improves CI users' ability to identify syllables in the acoustic stream and to recognize their relative juxtaposed strengths. Enhanced syllable resolution allows better identification of word onsets, which, when combined with place-of-articulation information from visible consonants, improves lexical access.