bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biodegradation of DDT using multi‐species mixtures: From genome‐mining prediction to practical assessment
Authors: Vu Phuong Ha , Nguyen Dang Huy , Vu Tung Son , Le Anh Hien , Tran Trang Quynh Thi , Nguyen Yen Thi , Nguyen Thuy Thu Thi , Mai Linh Dam Thi , Bui Ha Viet Thi , Tran Hanh My , Nguyen Huy Quang , Nguyen Thao Kim Nu , Truong Bao Gia , Tran Huyen Thanh Thi , Pham Hai The 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) is a commonly used insecticide that is recalcitrant and highly stable in the environment. Currently, DDT residue contamination, especially in agricultural soil, is still a concern in many countries, threatening human health and the environment. Among the approaches to resolve such an issue, novel biodegradation‐based methods are now preferred to physicochemical methods, due to the sustainability and the effectiveness of the former. In this study, we explored the possibility of building mixed microbial cultures that can offer improved DDT‐degrading efficiencies and be more environmentally transilient, based on genome annotation using the KEGG database and prediction of interactions between single strains using the obtained metabolic maps. We then proposed 10 potential DDT‐degrading mixed cultures of different strain combinations and evaluated their DDT degradation performances in liquid, semi‐solid and solid media. The results demonstrated the superiority of the mixtures over the single strains in terms of degrading DDT, particularly in a semi‐solid medium, with up to 40–50% more efficiency. Not only did the mixed cultures degrade DDT more efficiently, but they also adapted to broader spectra of environmental conditions. The three best DDT‐degrading and transilient mixtures were selected, and it turned out that their component strains seemed to have more metabolic interactions than those in the other mixtures. Thus, our study demonstrates the effectiveness of exploiting genome‐mining techniques and the use of constructed mixed cultures in improving biodegradation.
Wolbachia modify host cell metabolite profiles in response to short‐term temperature stress
Authors: Zhu Yu‐Xi , Zhang Yi‐Yin , Wang Xin‐Yu , Yin Yue , Du Yu‐Zhou 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWolbachia are common heritable endosymbionts that influence many aspects of ecology and evolution in various insects, yet Wolbachia‐mediated intracellular metabolic responses to temperature stress have been largely overlooked. Here, we introduced the Wolbachia strain wLhui from the invasive Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard) into a Drosophila Schneider 2 cell line (S2) and investigated the metabolite profile of wLhui‐infected (S2_wLhui) and uninfected cell lines (S2_wu) under short‐term exposure to either high (37°C), moderate (27°C), or low (7 and 17°C) temperatures. We find that Wolbachia infection, temperature stress, and their interactions significantly affect cellular metabolic profiles. Most significantly, when comparing the changes in metabolites between S2_wLhui and S2_wu, glycerophospholipids, amino acids, and fatty acids associated with metabolic pathways, microbial metabolism in diverse environments, and other pathways were significantly accumulated at either low or high temperatures. Our findings suggest Wolbachia‐induced cellular physiological responses to short‐term temperature stress, which may in turn affect the fitness and adaptive ability of its host as an invasive species.
USP22 promotes gefitinib resistance and inhibits ferroptosis in non‐small cell lung cancer by deubiquitination of MDM2
Authors: Lu Peng , Li Zhaoguo , Xu Hang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe emergence of chemoresistance markedly compromised the treatment efficiency of human cancer, including non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the present study, we aimed to explore the effects of ubiquitin‐specific peptidase 22 (USP22) and murine double minute 2 (MDM2) in gefitinib resistance in NSCLC.MethodsImmunohistochemistry (IHC) assay, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) assay and western blot assay were carried out to determine the expression of USP22 and MDM2. Transwell assay and flow cytometry analysis were performed to evaluate cell migration and apoptosis. Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay was employed to assess gefitinib resistance. The phenomenon of ferroptosis was estimated by related commercial kits. The oxidized C11‐BODIPY fluorescence intensity by C11‐BODIPY staining. The relation between USP22 and MDM2 was analyzed by ubiquitination assay and co‐immunoprecipitation (Co‐IP) assay.ResultsUSP22 was abnormally upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cells, and USP22 silencing markedly repressed NSCLC cell migration and facilitated apoptosis and ferroptosis. Moreover, our results indicated that ferroptosis could enhance the suppressive effect of gefitinib on NSCLC cells. Besides, USP22 overexpression enhanced gefitinib resistance and ferroptosis protection in NSCLC cells. Mechanically, USP22 stabilized MDM2 and regulated MDM2 expression through deubiquitination of MDM2. MDM2 deficiency partially restored the effects of USP22 on gefitinib resistance and ferroptosis in NSCLC cells. Of note, we validated the promotional effect of USP22 on gefitinib resistance in NSCLC in vivo through establishing the murine xenograft model.ConclusionUSP22/MDM2 promoted gefitinib resistance and inhibited ferroptosis in NSCLC, which might offer a novel strategy for overcoming gefitinib resistance in NSCLC.
Early detection and prediction of non‐fatal drug‐related incidents and fatal overdose outbreaks using the Farrington algorithm
Authors: Patton Thomas , Trillo‐Park Sharon , Swift Bethan , Bórquez Annick 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to assess the validity of undertaking time‐series analyses on both fatal and non‐fatal drug overdose outcomes for the surveillance of emerging drug threats, and to determine the validity of analyzing non‐fatal indicators to support the early detection of fatal overdose outbreaks.Design, setting and participantsTime‐series analyses using county‐level data containing fatal overdoses and non‐fatal overdose counts were collected at monthly intervals between 2015 and 2021 in California and Florida, USA. To analyze these data, we used the Farrington algorithm (FA), a method used to detect aberrations in time‐series data such that an abnormal increase in counts relative to previous observations would result in an alert. The FA's performance was compared with a bench‐mark approach, using the standard deviation as an aberration detection threshold. We evaluated whether monthly alerts in non‐fatal overdose can aid in identifying fatal drug overdose outbreaks, defined as a statistically significant increase in the 6‐month overdose death rate. We also conducted analyses across regions, i.e. clusters of counties.MeasurementsMeasurements were taken during emergency department and emergency medical service visits.FindingsBoth methods yielded a similar proportion of alerts across scenarios for non‐fatal overdoses, while the bench‐mark method yielded more alerts for fatal overdoses. For both methods, the correlations between surveillance evaluations were relatively poor in the detection of aberrations (typically < 35%) but were high between evaluations yielding no alerts (typically > 75%). For ongoing fatal overdose outbreaks, a strategy based on the detection of alerts at the county level from either method yielded a sensitivity of 66% for both California and Florida. At the regional level, the equivalent analyses had sensitivities of 81% for California and 77% for Florida.ConclusionAberration detection methods can support the early detection of fatal drug overdose outbreaks, particularly when methodologies are applied in combination rather than individual methods separately.
Control and Resistance in Automated Shops: Retail Transparency, Deep Learning, and Digital Refusal
Authors: Dekeyser Thomas , Lynch Casey R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThrough the enrolment of big data, deep learning, sensor fusion, and computer vision technologies, Amazon Go and similar shops pursue the automated management of retail subjects, goods, and transactions. Tracing the logics of automated shop technology, the paper makes two contributions. First, it proposes a theory of “retail transparency” to attend to how automated shops reimagine space as a series of pockets of excess (actions that escape circuits of capitalist valuation) to be countered through acts of making‐transparent (datafication for integration into digital systems of control). Retail transparency is underpinned by interventions aimed at perceiving, incorporating, and productivising excess. Second, we argue that logics of deep learning raise important challenges to traditional conceptions of resistance in digital geographies, as these tend to rely on a celebration or cultivation of excess. Instead, we offer a speculative reflection outlining a politics of “circuit‐breaking” which refuses to engage algorithmic logics on their own terms.
Centralisation of extremely preterm births and decreased early postnatal mortality in Sweden, 2004‐2007 versus 2014‐2016
Authors: Gadsbøll Christian , Björklund Lars J. , Norman Mikael , Abrahamsson Thomas , Domellöf Magnus , Elfvin Anders , Farooqi Aijaz , Hellström‐Westas Lena , Håkansson Stellan , Källén Karin , Normann Erik , Serenius Fredrik , Sävman Karin , Um‐Bergström Petra , Ådén Ulrika , Ley David 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimWe evaluated the increased centralisation of extremely preterm (EPT) births in Sweden in relation to the changes in mortality and morbidity.MethodsPopulation‐based data covering Swedish live births from 22 + 0 to 26 + 6 weeks of gestation during 2004–2007 and 2014–2016 were analysed for associations between time‐period, birth within (inborn) or outside (outborn) regional centres, and outcomes.ResultsAmong 1626 liveborn infants, 703 were born in 2004–2007 and 923 in 2014–2016. Birth outside (vs. within) regional centres was associated with a higher infant mortality even after adjustment for birth cohort, gestational age, birthweight standard deviation score and infant sex (adjusted odds ratio 2.01, 95% confidence interval 1.31–3.07, p = 0.001). The higher 1‐year mortality in outborn infants was mainly due to more deaths within 24 h after birth. Outborn infants had a higher incidence of intraventricular haemorrhage grade 3–4 than inborn infants (22% vs. 14% in 2004–2007, and 22% vs. 13% in 2014–2016, both p < 0.05). While survival to 1 year without major morbidity increased in inborn infants (33%–40%, p = 0.008), it remained unchanged in outborn infants (29% vs. 30%, p = 0.88).ConclusionCentralisation of EPT births contributed to a lower 1‐year mortality in 2014–2016 than that in 2004–2007, attributed to a decrease in deaths before 24 h among inborn infants.
New French height velocity growth charts: An innovative big‐data approach based on routine measurements
Authors: Scherdel Pauline , Taine Marion , Bergerat Manon , Werner Andreas , Breton Julien Le , Polak Michel , Linglart Agnès , Reynaud Rachel , Frandji Bruno , Carel Jean‐Claude , Brauner Raja , Chalumeau Martin , Heude Barbara 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimHeight velocity is considered a key auxological tool to monitor growth, but updated height velocity growth charts are lacking. We aimed to derive new French height velocity growth charts by using a big‐data approach based on routine measurements.MethodsWe extracted all growth data of children aged 1 month–18 years from the electronic medical records of 42 primary care physicians, between 1 January 1990 and 8 February 2018, throughout the French metropolitan territory. We derived annual and biannual height velocity growth charts until age 15 years by using the Lambda‐Mu‐Sigma method. These new growth charts were compared to the 1979 French and 2009 World Health Organisation (WHO) ones.ResultsNew height velocity growth charts were generated with 193 124 and 209 221 annual and biannual values from 80 204 and 87 260 children, respectively, and showed good internal fit. Median curves were close to the 1979 French or 2009 WHO ones, but SD curves displayed important differences. Similar results were found with the biannual height velocity growth charts.ConclusionWe produced new height velocity growth charts until age 15 years by using a big‐data approach applied to measurements routinely collected in clinical practice. These updated growth charts could help optimise growth‐monitoring performance.
Long‐term stability of five atypical antipsychotics (risperidone, olanzapine, paliperidone, clozapine, quetiapine) and the antidepressant mirtazapine in human serum assessed by a validated SPE LC–MS/MS method
Authors: Fruekilde Palle Bach Nielsen , Nielsen Flemming 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLong‐term sample stability of five atypical antipsychoticdrugs risperidone, paliperidone, clozapine, quetiapine and olanzapine and the antidepressant drug mirtazapine in serum was studied by use of a newly developed and validated analytical method based on solid‐phase extraction and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Ascorbic acid was used as an antioxidative agent to stabilize olanzapine during storage and sample preparation.We assessed analyte stability on long‐term storage in serum samples at 25°C, 5°C, −20°C and −80°C, and during five freeze–thaw cycles. Analytes were stable for 23 days at room temperature except for olanzapine and mirtazapine (17 days). All analytes were stable for at least 30 days at 5°C. All analytes were stable for 270 days at −20°C, except for paliperidone and mirtazapine with 60 days and 180 days, respectively. All analytes were stable for 270 days at −80°C. Furthermore, all analytes were stable for five freeze–thaw cycles.We recommend storage at −80°C when samples drawn for analysis of antipsychotic drugs are stored for more than 60 days, whereas a temperature of −20°C is sufficient for storage less than 60 days.
Reasons for Neonatal Presentations to Pediatric Emergency Departments in Catania: Multicentric Cross‐Sectional Analysis and Exhaustive Review of the Literature
Authors: Falsaperla Raffaele , Meli Mariaclaudia , Sortino Vincenzo , Marino Silvia , Tardino Lucia , Trobia Gian Luca , Barbagallo Massimo , Scalia Bruna ,   the Sicilian Group of the Italian Society of Neonatology (SIN)
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis study aimed to characterize neonatal admissions to pediatric emergency departments (PEDs) in Catania, to analyze the primary pediatric conditions leading to these admissions, and to explore the association between the demographic characteristics of the population and the severity of their presentations.Materials and MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on neonates (aged <28 days) admitted to three PEDs in Catania between January 2015 and December 2019. Additionally, a comprehensive review of the literature on this topic was performed.ResultsA total of 5183 neonates presented during the study period, with a median age of 14 days at admission. The top three diagnoses were neonatal jaundice (15%), abdominal discomfort (12%), and upper airway inflammation (11%). The majority of cases were classified as non‐urgent (green) at triage (59%). Overall, 1296 patients (25%) required hospitalization; 95% of those assigned a yellow triage color at admission required hospitalization. Only 33% of hospitalized patients were referred by parents, while the majority were referred by primary care pediatricians. The highest number of admissions occurred in August, while the peak in hospitalizations was in February.ConclusionsThe majority of neonatal PED admissions are for non‐acute conditions that do not require immediate medical attention. This concerning trend leads to increased workloads for PED staff, higher healthcare costs, and potential risks to neonates. Possible causes include insufficient caregiver knowledge, inadequate parental education, and suboptimal transition from hospital to primary care pediatric services.
Oral decitabine–cedazuridine in acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Bouligny Ian M. , DiNardo Courtney D. 
Published: September 2024

In a randomized crossover study involving 89 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia ineligible for intensive chemotherapy, Geissler et al. compared intravenous decitabine and oral decitabine–cedazuridine. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the two formulations were similar. The clinical efficacy of oral decitabine–cedazuridine was consistent with historical data of intravenous decitabine.Commentary on: Geissler et al. Oral decitabine/cedazuridine versus intravenous decitabine for acute myeloid leukaemia: A randomised, crossover, registration, pharmacokinetics study. Br J Haematol 2024; 205:1734‐1745.
Early screening of post‐stroke fall risk: A simultaneous multimodal fNIRs‐EMG study
Authors: Yang Zheng , Ye Liu , Yang Lining , Lu Qiuyi , Yu Anqi , Bai Dingqun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundStroke is the third‐leading cause of death and disability, and poststroke falls (PSF) are common at all stages after stroke and could even lead to injuries or death. Brain information from functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRs) may precede conventional imaging and clinical symptoms but has not been systematically considered in PSF risk prediction. This study investigated the difference in brain activation between stroke patients and healthy subjects, and this study was aimed to explore fNIRs biomarkers for early screening of PSF risk by comparing the brain activation in patients at and not at PSF risk.MethodsIn this study, we explored the differences in brain activation and connectivity between stroke and healthy subjects by synchronizing the detection of fNIRs and EMG tests during simple (usual sit‐to‐stand) and difficult tasks (sit‐to‐stand based on EMG feedback). Thereby further screened for neuroimaging biomarkers for early prediction of PSF risk by comparing brain activation variability in poststroke patients at and not at fall risk during simple and difficult tasks. The area under the ROC curve (AUROC), sensitivity, and specificity were used to compare the diagnostic effect.ResultsA total of 40 patients (22 not at and 18 at PSF risk) and 38 healthy subjects were enrolled. As the difficulty of standing task increased, stroke patients compared with healthy subjects further increased the activation of the unaffected side of supplementary motor area (H‐SMA) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex‐Brodmann area 46 (H‐DLFC‐BA46) but were unable to increase functional connectivity (Group*Task: p < 0.05). More importantly, the novel finding showed that hyperactivation of the H‐SMA during a simple standing task was a valid fNIRs predictor of PSF risk [AUROC 0.74, p = 0.010, sensitivity 77.8%, specificity 63.6%].ConclusionsThis study provided novel evidence that fNIR‐derived biomarkers could early predict PSF risk that can facilitate the widespread use of real‐time assessment tools in early screening and rehabilitation. Meanwhile, this study demonstrated that the higher brain activation and inability to increase the brain functional connectivity in stroke patients during difficult task indicated the inefficient use of brain resources.
Linoleic Acid Promotes Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Alleviates Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Liu Jie , Jiang Yu , Zhang Qiuhong , Qin Yin , Li Kexin , Xie Yu , Zhang Tingting , Wang Xiaoliang , Yang Xi , Zhang Li , Liu Gang 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionAcute lung injury (ALI) is a critical and lethal medical condition. This syndrome is characterized by an imbalance in the body's oxidation stress and inflammation. Linoleic acid (LA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid, has been extensively studied for its potential health benefits, including anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, the therapeutic effects of LA on ALI remain unexplored.MethodsLipopolysaccharide (LPS), found in gram‐negative bacteria's outer membrane, was intraperitoneally injected to induce ALI in mice. In vitro model was established by LPS stimulation of mouse lung epithelial 12 (MLE‐12) cells.ResultsLA treatment demonstrated a significant amelioration in LPS‐induced hypothermia, poor state, and pulmonary injury in mice. LA treatment resulted in a reduction in the concentration of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) protein and an increase in myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in LPS‐induced mice. LA treatment reduced the generation of white blood cells. LA treatment reduced cell‐free (cfDNA) release and promote adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. LA increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) but decreased the production of malondialdehyde (MDA). LA treatment enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential. LA attenuated LPS‐induced elevations of inflammatory cytokines in both mice and cells. Additionally, LA exerted its protective effect against LPS‐induced damage through activation of the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator l alpha (PGC‐1α)/nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1)/transcription factor A of the mitochondrion (TFAM) pathway.ConclusionLA may reduce inflammation and stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis in ALI mice and MLE‐12 cells.
Characterisation of Kürsteiner canals of parathyroid: imparting relevance to a one‐and‐a‐quarter‐century‐old concept
Authors: Corbin Haley , Yip Linwah , Carty Sally E , Reyes‐Múgica Miguel , Seethala Raja R 
Published: September 2024

AimsKürsteiner canals (KC) were described at least 125 years ago as pharyngeal pouch embryological remnants of parathyroid and thymic development. While considered precursors for a subset of parathyroid cysts and salivary heterotopias (SH), they remain enigmatic. We now define a comprehensive phenotype of KC remnants and investigate their role in a spectrum of parathyroid lesions.Methods and results`Sixty‐two cystic and 22 non‐cystic parathyroid lesions (73 patients) were retrieved from our institutional archive (2011–23) and evaluated for the presence of KC and prevalence of KC phenotype in parathyroid hormone (PTH)‐positive and PTH‐negative cysts. KC phenotype was defined as: cysts and tubules with surrounding sclerosis; bland, unilayered lining with frequent nuclear indentation of lumina; vesicular chromatin relative to chief cells; attenuated eosinophilic to ‘hyper‐cleared’ cytoplasm; and staining pattern PTH‐negative, SOX‐10‐positive, CK7‐positive, GATA‐3‐positive and PAX‐9 dim, a subset with oestrogen/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) positivity. Thirty PTH‐negative cysts were identified in the neck/mediastinum; 14 of this group also showed SH. Thirty‐two PTH‐positive cysts included: 11 cystic parathyroid adenomas, 17 hyperplastic parathyroids, and four carcinomas. KC showed two distinct subtypes and were often found near PTH‐negative cysts. PTH‐negative cysts were associated with inferior parathyroids, SOX‐10 positivity, fibrosclerosis, vesicular nuclei indenting cyst lumina and hyper‐cleared or attenuated eosinophilic cytoplasm.ConclusionsKC are common in parathyroids and show a distinct histological and immunohistochemical profile, with an inferior predilection favouring branchial cleft III distribution. Diagnostically, the high prevalence of this phenotype in PTH‐negative cysts and salivary heterotopia supports derivation of non‐functioning cysts from KC. Conversely, PTH‐positive cysts are more compatible with cystic change within hyperfunctioning glands.