bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in nearshore waves during the active sea/land breeze period off Vengurla, central west coast of India
Authors: Amrutha M. M. , Sanil Kumar V. , Singh J. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract. A unique feature observed in the tropical and subtropical coastal area is the diurnal sea-breeze/land-breeze cycle. We examined the nearshore waves at 5 and 15 m water depth during the active sea/land breeze period (January–April) in the year 2015 based on the data measured using the waverider buoys moored in the eastern Arabian sea off Vengurla, central west coast of India. Temporal variability of diurnal wave response is examined. Numerical model Delft3D is used to study the nearshore wave transformation. The wave height increased due to the sea breeze and reached its peak at  ∼ 13:00 UTC at 15 m water depth, whereas the peak significant wave height is at 12:00 UTC at 5 m water depth. Due to the influence of the land/sea breeze system, the range of the peak wave period in 1 day varied up to 8 s. Reduction in the wave height of wind-sea is around 20 % and that of the swell is around 10 % from 15 to 5 m water depth.
Small-scale disturbances in the stratigraphy of the NEEM ice core: observations and numerical model simulations
Authors: Jansen D. , Llorens M.-G. , Westhoff J. , Steinbach F. , Kipfstuhl S. , Bons P. D. , Griera A. , Weikusat I. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract. Disturbances on the centimetre scale in the stratigraphy of the North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling (NEEM) ice core (North Greenland) can be mapped by an optical line scanner as long as the ice has visual layering, such as, for example, cloudy bands. Different focal depths allow, to a certain extent, a three-dimensional view of the structures. In this study we present a detailed analysis of the visible folds, discuss their characteristics and frequency, and present examples of typical fold structures. We also analyse the structures with regard to the deformation boundary conditions under which they formed. The structures evolve from gentle waves at about 1500 m to overturned z folds with increasing depth. Occasionally, the folding causes significant thickening of layers. Their similar fold shape indicates that they are passive features and are probably not initiated by rheology differences between alternating layers. Layering is heavily disturbed and tracing of single layers is no longer possible below a depth of 2160 m. C axes orientation distributions for the corresponding core sections were analysed, where available, in addition to visual stratigraphy. The data show axial-plane parallel strings of grains with c axis orientations that deviate from that of the matrix, which shows a single maximum fabric at the depth where the folding occurs. Numerical modelling of crystal viscoplastic deformation and dynamic recrystallisation was used to improve the understanding of the formation of the observed structures during deformation. The modelling reproduces the development of bands of grains with a tilted-lattice orientation relative to the single maximum fabric of the matrix, and also the associated local deformation. We conclude from these results that the observed folding can be explained by formation of these tilted-lattice bands.
Collective Bargaining Worker Union of Fspsi Surabaya: Study on Concept and Practice of Industrial Relation
Authors: Sridadi Ahmad Rizki 
Published: February 2016

The purpose of this paper is to examine collective bargaining (negotiation) exercised by worker union as the attempt to arrange collective agreement from the aspect of: concept and approach, Indonesia regulation, and practices by working unit official (PUK) under all indonesia worker union (SPSI) in Surabaya. This paper applies qualitative exploratory method with case study approach by which data collection was implemented through structured interview, obeservation and literature review. The implication of this paper is its contribution in literatur riching concerning principles, techniques, approaches, and process of collective bargaining both in conceptual and empirical side. Besides, practical implication is for company and working unit official as learning material in subsequent collective bargaining. This paper reveals variations among practices and its concordance with the relevant concept and implementing regulations.
Adherence to European Society for Cataract and Refractive Surgery Recommendations among Italian Cataract Surgeons: A Survey
Authors: Grosso Andrea , Pertile Grazia , Marchini Giorgio , Scarpa Giuseppe , Ceruti Piero , Prigione Guido , Romano Mario R. , Bert Fabrizio , Gili Renata , Panico Claudio , Siliquini Roberta , Engelbert Michael 
Published: February 2016

Purpose To survey the surgical routines with regards to prophylactic strategies in a sample of Italian hospitals and compare these with European Society for Cataract and Refractive Surgery (ESCRS) guidelines. Methods Six private and 18 public hospitals were included in this clinical-based retrospective study. The overall volume of cataract operations in the 24 centers in 2013 was 43,553. Main outcome measure was incidence of endophthalmitis per 1,000. An incidence of less than 0.13% was considered acceptable. Results Our study provides the first Italian data on the use of intracameral antibiotics in cataract surgery as recommended by the ESCRS. Thirteen centers (54%) used intracameral cefuroxime at the end of surgery. Of the 13 centers that used cefuroxime, 8 (62%) had an incidence of endophthalmitis less than 0.13%. Of the 7 (29%) centers that did not use intracameral cefuroxime, all had an endophthalmitis rate of greater than 0.13%. This difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Among the 4 centers not included, 2 used vancomycin in the infusion bottle, 1 a fluoroquinolone, and the last a combination of antibiotics. The majority of surgeons (71%) used preoperative antibiotic eyedrops, but this measure was not shown to be significantly protective. Conclusions Slightly more than half of the centers surveyed in this study adhered to the recommendations of the ESCRS and routinely employed prophylactic intracameral cefuroxime. An incidence of endophthalmitis greater than 0.13% was encountered significantly more frequently among centers that did not employ intracameral cefuroxime.
Selecting Fuchs Patients for Drug Trials Involving Endothelial Cell Proliferation
Authors: Shearer Thomas R. , Chamberlain Winston D. , Fujii Atsuko , Azuma Mitsuyoshi 
Published: February 2016

Purpose Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) might be managed by drug treatment before becoming severe enough to require surgery. For a clinical trial of such a drug, we hypothesize that selecting an adequate number of patients with FECD with only moderately compromised cell densities will be challenging. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to measure the prevalence of patients with FECD exhibiting moderately decreased corneal cell densities. Methods A retrospective data mining study (cross-sectional study) was performed on patient charts presenting at a large US northwestern academic health center by searching for diagnosis ICD-9 code 371.57 and Fuchs corneal dystrophies, including those with prior cataract surgeries and/or existing glaucoma. Patients with prior corneal transplants were excluded. Noncontact specular photomicroscopic data (Topcon 2000) were obtained from the central region whenever possible, and individual eyes were grouped according to cell density (cells/mm2): severe (<800), moderate (800-1,500), and mild (>1,500). Results The values for 98 eyes from 61 patients with FECD were as follows (mean ± SD): corneal thickness 573 ± 59 μm, cell size 627 ± 336 μm2/cell, coefficient of variation 23 ± 7, and density 1,883 ± 703 cells/mm2. The moderate subgroup with cell density values averaging 1,184 ± 212 (26) comprised 27% of the total FECD patient pool. Conclusions Only approximately 1 out of 4 patients with FECD will show moderately compromised corneal cell densities. A moderate level of damage may be optimal for clinical trials for testing topical drugs on endothelial cell viability. Thus, investigators will need to initially screen a fourfold excess of all patients with FECD.
Modular Neck Total HIP Arthroplasty – A Perfect Storm
Authors: Humadi Ali , Jamieson Richard , Chao Tat , Tacey Mark , Khoury Elie 
Published: February 2016

Purpose This study was aimed to highlight neck notching as a potential cause of failure in modular neck total hip arthroplasty. It aimed to identify both the combination of modular components that place patients at greatest risk of failure and the potential mechanism for failure. Methods This study involved a retrospective review of 301 total hip arthroplasties (THA) using Kinectiv modular neck Technology (Zimmer, Warsaw, Indiana). The primary outcome was the presence of neck notching requiring revision. Patient records, operative notes and postoperative radiographs were reviewed. A statistical analysis was performed. Results A total of 301 THA were performed on 290 patients. There were 7 failures (2.3%). All 7 failures involved a modular combination of an anteverted neck, extended offset and length code -8 (failure rate of 36.8%, p<0.001). Conclusions We identified femoral neck notching as a potential cause of failure in modular neck THA. The combination of an anteverted neck, extended offset and length code -8 was associated with a high rate of neck notching using the Kinectiv modular neck Technology (Zimmer, Warsaw, Indiana). Based on our experience with this prosthesis we advise caution when using this particular combination of implants.
Debridement, Antibiotics and Implant Retention in Early Periprosthetic Joint Infection
Authors: Bergkvist Magnus , Mukka Sebastian S. , Johansson Lars , Ahl Torbjörn E. , Sayed-Noor Arkan S. , Sköldenberg Olof G. , Eisler Thomas 
Published: February 2016

Introduction Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication in hip arthroplasty surgery. Debridement, antibiotics (AB) and implant retention (DAIR) is recommended in early PJI in association with stable implants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the success rate of DAIR in early PJI (<4 weeks) and to identify factors predicting the outcome. Methods This cohort study included a consecutive series of 35 patients (median age 74 years, 25 women, 26 primary arthroplasties) treated with DAIR for an early PJI in a regional hospital. Results 28 patients (80%) had their infection eradicated. DAIR-only eradicated the PJI in 22 (63%) patients with a median follow-up of 50 (24-84) months. In 17 (49%) patients, oral AB had been given prior to intraoperative cultures, which delayed first debridement with average 6 days and delayed hospital stay. Primary surgery for a hip fracture increased the risk of DAIR-failure. Surgical experience did not affect the outcome. 17% (n = 6) of the patients sustained a secondary infection during their hospital stay; the majority was beta-lactam resistant coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusions The success rate of DAIR was inferior to pervious controls from experienced revision centers. Hip fracture patients should be informed about the increased risk of DAIR treatment failure. In order not to delay surgery, empirically based oral AB should not be administered prior to deep cultures. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02087020.
Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes after Femoral Varus Derotation Osteotomy for Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease at 25 Years Follow-Up: What are the Determinants of Outcome in the Long Term?
Authors: Aydin Bahattin K. , Sofu Hakan , Konya Mehmet N. , Er Turgay , Sahin Vedat 
Published: February 2016

Objective The main purposes of the present study were to analyse the long-term clinical and radiographic results of femoral varus derotation osteotomy performed in a group of patients with the diagnosis of Legg-Calvé-Perthes (LCP) disease and to compare the effects of age, lateral pillar classification, radiographic stage according to Waldenström's classification, and the amount of varisation obtained on long-term results. Design The study group consisted of 21 hips. The mean postoperative follow-up time was 25.1 years. The effect of age at the time of surgery, preoperative lateral pillar classification, Waldenström's classification, and the amount of varisation on Merle d'Aubigne score, Stulberg class, and presence of degenerative arthritis of the hip joint were assessed at the final follow-up. Results Better clinical and radiographic outcomes were detected in patients operated younger than 10 years. The hips with lateral pillar group C involvement preoperatively were found to be significantly associated with worse clinical scores, worse radiographic outcome, and higher rate of degenerative arthritis. The overall rate of the hips with good radiologic outcome was 52.4%. 7 hips had degenerative arthritis at the final follow-up. Conclusions Femoral varus derotation osteotomy revealed a congruent joint in half of the operated hips and arthritis-free hip joint in 2/3 at 25 years follow-up. Age at the time of surgery and preoperative lateral pillar classification were the main determinants of the radiographic outcome whereas the factors significantly correlated with progression to degenerative arthritis were determined preoperative lateral pillar classification and Stulberg group at maturity.
Comparison of Nafamostat Mesilate and Unfractionated Heparin as Anticoagulants during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy
Authors: Makino Shohei , Egi Moritoki , Kita Hiroshi , Miyatake Yuji , Kubota Kenta , Mizobuchi Satoshi 
Published: February 2016

Purpose Nafamostat mesilate (NM) can be used as a regional anticoagulant for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). The primary aim of this study was to assess the association of the use of NM with risk of bleeding complications and compare it with the use of unfractionated heparin (UFH). Methods We conducted a single-center retrospective observational study. We included adult patients who required CRRT in our intensive care unit from 2011 to 2013. The primary outcome was the risk of bleeding complications during CRRT and the secondary outcome was filter life for the first filter of CRRT. Results We included 101 patients (76 with NM, 25 with UFH). Among the 101 patients, use of NM tended to be associated with lower risk of bleeding complications (6.6% vs. 16%; odds ratio, 0.37; p = 0.16). Propensity score matching generated 30 patients with NM and 15 patients with UFH with well-balanced baseline characteristics. Among the propensity score-matched cohorts, use of NM was significantly associated with decreased risk of bleeding complications (3.3% vs. 27%; odds ratio, 0.09; p = 0.04). In multivariate logistic analysis using the inverse probability of treatment weighting for sensitive analysis, the use of NM was independently associated with reduced risk of bleeding complications (p = 0.02). The median filter life was not significantly different for patients with NM and patients with UFH (25.5 hours vs. 30.5 hours, p = 0.16). Conclusions In our retrospective analysis, the use of NM as an anticoagulant during CRRT was associated with decreased incidence of bleeding complications compared with the use of UFH.
Morphometric Analysis of the Infraorbital Foramen, Canal and Groove Using Cone Beam CT: Considerations for Creating Artificial Organs
Authors: Orhan Kaan , Misirli Melis , Aksoy Secil , Hincal Umut Seki Evren , Ormeci Tugrul , Arslan Ahmet 
Published: February 2016

Purpose The aim of this study was to examine the anatomy and variations of the infraorbital foramen and its surroundings via morphometric measurements using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans derived from a 3D volumetric rendering program. Methods 354 sides of CBCT scans from 177 patients were examined in this study. DICOM data from these images were exported to Maxilim® software in order to generate 3D surface models. The morphometric measurements were done for infraorbital foramen (IOF), infraorbital groove (IOG) and infraorbital canal (IOC). All images were evaluated by 1 radiologist. To assess intra-observer reliability, the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test was used. Differences between sex, side, age and measurements were evaluated using chi-square and paired t-test and measurements were evaluated using 1-way ANOVA tests. Differences were considered significant when p<0.05. Results The most common shape was oval for IOF and parallel for IOC without any accessory foramen. The results showed that females have smaller dimensions for the measurements between the two foramen rotundum (FR), FR-IOF, sella-FR, center of the IOF (cIOF)-nasion (N), cIOF-NB (nasion-B) (p>0.05). No significant difference was found according to age groups (p>0.05). Conclusions These results provide detailed knowledge of the anatomical characteristics in this particular area. CBCT imaging with lower radiation dose and thin slices can be a powerful tool for anesthesia procedures like infra orbital nerve blocks, for surgical approaches like osteotomies and neurectomies and also for generating artificial prostheses.
HOTAIR in Relation to Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Stem Cells in Molecular Subtypes of Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Łuczak Agata , Supernat Anna , Łapińska-Szumczyk Sylwia , Jachimowicz Daniel , Majewska Hanna , Gulczyński Jacek , Żaczek Anna J. 
Published: February 2016

Background Endometrial cancer (EC) is a hormone-related disease, showing highly diverse features of ER/PR/HER2 status-based molecular subtypes. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HOX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) has recently emerged as a key molecule in many cancers, triggering epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)–mediated cancer stem cell (CSC) formation, but little is known about its significance in EC. Thus, we aimed to investigate the clinical significance of HOTAIR itself in different molecular subtypes of EC and possible links between HOTAIR, EMT and CSC-related markers. Methods The study group included 156 consecutive, stage I-IV EC patients treated between 2000 and 2010. ER, PR and HER2 protein expression were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue microarrays. RT-qPCR was used to analyze the expression levels of HOTAIR, EMT-related genes – SNAIL and SLUG – and the CSCs marker CD133. Results Molecular subtypes, defined as ER/PR+HER2+, ER/PR+HER2-, ER-PR-HER2+ and ER-PR-HER2-, occurred in 40.2%, 52.3%, 4.7% and 1.9% of cases, respectively. The expression of HOTAIR did not differ between the subtypes, but high HOTAIR expression correlated with shorter overall survival (p = 0.04) in the entire group. The expression levels of HOTAIR, SNAIL, SLUG and CD133 were similar in defined EC molecular subtypes. Conclusions Our data do not confirm the role of HOTAIR in EMT-mediated CSC formation in EC. Neither does the diversity of EC molecular subtypes influence these processes. But HOTAIR expression could serve as an independent prognostic factor in EC. The clinical importance of the above discoveries requires further studies.
HPV Testing of Biobanked Liquid-Based Cytology – a Validation Study
Authors: Larsson Gabriella Lillsunde , Karlsson Mats G. , Helenius Gisela 
Published: February 2016

Introduction The aim of the study was to investigate whether biobanked liquid-based cytology (LBC) vaginal samples could be reanalyzed for the biomarkers HPV DNA and mRNA without loss of sensitivity. Methods One hundred LBC samples with ASCUS or CIN1 were tested for HPV DNA and mRNA before and after biobanking. DNA analysis targeted the viral genes E6 and E7, 12 high-risk and 2 low-risk HPV types together with the human control gene HBB, using real-time PCR. The Aptima HPV assay was used for mRNA analysis of 14 high-risk HPV types. Results With Aptima there was 84% agreement between results before and after biobanking. The sensitivity and specificity were 0.79 (95% CI, 0.68-0.88) and 0.94 (95% CI, 0.80-0.99), respectively. With the DNA-based method, the agreement between results was 87%, the sensitivity 0.85 (95% CI, 0.75-0.92) and the specificity 0.95 (95% CI, 0.77-1.00). Both methods presented a significant difference between positive results before and after biobanking; McNemar test: p = 0.004, p = 0.003, Cohen's kappa: 0.67 (95% CI, 0.53-0.81), 0.68 (95% CI, 0.52-0.84). Cycle threshold values for the DNA method were higher for all genotypes after biobanking, except for HPV-59. Some loss of sensitivity was seen after biobanking but the concordance between HPV detection before and after biobanking was good for both evaluated methods. Conclusions Biobanking of LBC vaginal samples offers a good platform for HPV testing and could be extended to further molecular analyses. However, in order to ensure a valid test result a larger portion needs to be analyzed from the biobanked sample.
Ultrasound-Guided Block of Selective Branches of the Brachial Plexus for Vascular Access Surgery in the Forearm: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Matsuda Hiroaki , Oka Yoshinari , Takatsu Shigeko , Katsube Ryoichi , Yoshida Ryuichi , Oyama Takanori , Takeda Yoshimasa , Miyazaki Masashi 
Published: February 2016

Purpose The operative field for vascular access (VA) surgery in the forearm is on the volar surface, and motor nerve block is not necessary for regional anesthesia. Therefore, selective block of branches of the brachial plexus may be a more efficient anesthesia technique. Methods Individual nerve blocks in the axillary brachial plexus and selective blocks of the musculocutaneous and medial antebrachial cutaneous nerves in the upper arm were performed using low doses and concentrations of a local anesthetic mixture of lidocaine and ropivacaine under ultrasound (US) guidance in patients undergoing VA surgery in the forearm. The targeted nerves were identified by continuous US tracing along the upper arm to the axilla in a short-axis view. We performed three VA surgeries in the forearm using an axillary brachial plexus block and four using a selective two-nerve bock in the upper arm. We recorded any additional anesthetic requirement and evaluated intraoperative pain using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBFRS; 0 = no pain; 10 = worst pain). Results All of the target nerve branches were clearly identified by US tracing. All patients had satisfactory intraoperative pain control (0 or 2 score on WBFRS). Four patients required small additional doses of local anesthetic. Conclusions US-guided block of individual branches of the brachial plexus at the axilla achieved effective anesthesia using small amounts of local anesthetic. An advanced selective nerve block in the upper arm allows minimum necessary anesthesia and provides safe and efficient analgesia for VA surgery in the forearm.