bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linear Quadratic Optimal Regulator for Steady State Drifting of Rear Wheel Drive Vehicle
Authors: Chaichaowarat Ronnapee ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Wannasuphoprasit Witaya 
Published: April 2016

<div class=""abs_img""> <img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00270003/01.jpg"" width=""340"" />Single-track vehicle drifting</div> Drifting is a large sideslip cornering technique with counter steering, which is advantageous in some driving conditions where vehicle-handling capability over linear tire slip-friction characteristics is imperative. In this paper, the dynamics of a rear-wheel-drive (RWD) vehicle cornering at steady states was simplified using a single-track vehicle model. In addition, tire frictions in any slip conditions were estimated from the combination of the Pacejka's magic formula and the modified Nicolas-Comstock tire model. A computer program was developed, on the basis of the equations of motion (EOMs) derived via the body-fixed coordinate so that the suitable cornering speed and its corresponding steady-state driving control inputs (the steering angle and rear wheel slip ratio) could be calculated automatically for any given radius of curvature and vehicle sideslip. The other set of EOMs was derived via the normal-tangential coordinate and then linearized so that the state space description could be constructed. Eventually, the linear quadratic optimal regulator was designed and simulated via MATLAB for various regulation problems where the initial condition of each individual state deviated from its desired steady-state value. According to the simulation results, the physical explanation of the control inputs can be used as guidance for adjusting vehicle behavior in manual driving.
Simulated and Experimental Comparisons of Slip and Torque Control Strategies for Regenerative Braking in Instances of Parametric Uncertainties
Authors: Boisvert Maxime ,   Centre des Technologies Avancées, Université de Sherbrooke, Micheau Philippe , Mammosser Didier 
Published: April 2016

<div class=""abs_img""> <img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00270003/02.jpg"" width=""340"" />Slip efficiency map & control law</div> A three-wheel hybrid recreational vehicle was studied for the purpose of regenerative braking control. In order to optimize the amount of energy recovered from electrical braking, most of the existing literature presents optimal methods which consist in defining the optimal braking torque as a function of vehicle speed. The originality of the present study is to propose a new strategy based on the control of rear wheel slip. A simulator based on MATLAB/Simulink and validated with experimental measurements compared the two strategies and their sensitivities to variations in mass, slope and road conditions. Numerical simulations and experimental tests show that regenerative braking based on a slip controller was less affected by the majority of the parametric changes. Moreover, since the slip was limited, the longitudinal stability of the vehicle was thereby improved. It thus becomes possible to ensure optimal energy recovery and vehicle stability even in instances of parametric uncertainties.
Study on Identification of Damage to Wind Turbine Blade Based on Support Vector Machine and Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Gu Guimei ,   School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Hu Rang , Li Yuanyuan 
Published: April 2016

<div class=""abs_img""> <img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00270003/03.jpg"" width=""340"" />Classification results of SVM-PSO</div> In order to identify two failures of crack damage and edge damage to wind turbine blade, a damage identification system was designed by acoustic emission technique. This system took advantage of wireless technique for signal collection and transmission and upper computer for receiving and processing data. This system adopted acoustic emission sensor, NRF905 wireless transmission, upper computer designed by VB language, and the serial communication function of VB for data receiving. Data was firstly normalized after being received. Then, the energy features of data were abstracted by db wavelet. With the abstracted features, support vector machine model was established and verified, and the machine parameters were optimized by particle swarm optimization. Results show that the system is reliable in data collection and transmission, and the correctness of damage identification obviously increases by optimizing the support vector machine with particle swarm. The design provides method to monitor the status of rotating object, so this system can provide model base for subsequent studies.
Energy-Saving High-Speed Pick-and-Place Robot Using In-Frame Parallel Spring
Authors: Arata Jumpei ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Isogai Yuji , Sumida Junya , Sakaguchi Masamichi , Nakadate Ryu , Oguri Susumu , Hashizume Makoto ,   Department of Engineering Physics, Electronics and Mechanics, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology,   Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University,   Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University
Published: April 2016

<div class=""abs_img""> <img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00270003/06.jpg"" width=""340"" />Concept prototype</div> Robotic instruments have recently been widely introduced into industrial automation. As energy supply and demand have become global issues, energy saving in industrial robots has become urgent. In general industrial pick-and-place robots, servomotors periodically repeat acceleration and deceleration, consequently lose much energy in motion. We propose a mechanism using an in-frame parallel spring for the pick-and-place robot. During motion, spring blades deform and store energy, then release it as energy of motion, enabling the mechanism to recycle energy that have been lost in conventional mechanisms. In this paper, a 1 DOF proof-of-concept prototype and preliminary feasibility tests are described. In this study, we applied in-frame parallel springs to a mechanism for pick-and-place robot. The parallel springs are fabricated from spring steel SK85M (Young’s modulus: 210 GPa) with 252 mm long, 50 mm wide and 0.3 mm thick. The results suggest that the prototype can achieve a repeated motion with the range of ±145.7 mm in 2.56 Hz by 1.17 W, greatly reduced from that of the the traditional mechanisms. In addition, it is desired to stop the robot immediately in regular motion if anomalies occurred in industrial applications. The prototype showed that an immediate stop in 0.6 s was feasible by dissipating elastic energy stored in spring blades, confirming the feasibility of our proposed mechanism.
Power Assist Chair
Authors: Miyawaki Kazuto ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Akita College
Published: April 2016

<div class=""abs_img""> <img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00270003/10.jpg"" width=""340"" />Power assist chair</div> Medical and nursing care of the elderly is becoming a significant social burden. Welfare equipment is also being developed to help the elderly use their potential. Against this background, we developed a power assist chair for helping the elderly live life as independently as possible.
Development of Autonomous Mobile Robot Using Articulated Steering Vehicle and Lateral Guiding Method
Authors: Ohkawa Shinya ,   Department of Computer Science, National Defense Academy of Japan, Takita Yoshihiro , Date Hisashi , Kobayashi Kazuhiro 
Published: April 2016

<div class=""abs_img"">	<img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00270004/03.jpg"" width=""300"" />	Autonomous robot “AR Chair”</div> This paper is discusses an autonomous mobile robot entered in the Real World Robotics Challenges 2014 (RWRC) in Tsukuba. Our project was to develop a wheelchair able to navigate stairs autonomously. Step 1 develops a center articulated vehicle, called the AR Chair, which has 4 wheels and a controller including LIDARs. The center articulated vehicle has a stiff structure and travels with the front and rear wheels on the same path, so there is no inner wheels difference. The robotic vehicle carries users weighing up to 100 kg. The autonomous controller is the same as the Smart Dump 7 combined with the RWRC 2013 to achieve the challenge, excluding the geometrical relationship of the steering angle and communication command for motor drivers to the AR Chair. The advantage of the robot is shown by experimental data from the RWRC 2014’s final run.	</span>
Chaotic Vibration and Comfort Analysis of Nonlinear Half-Vehicle Mode Excited by Consecutive Speed-Control Humps
Authors: Yang Zhiyong ,   College of Automation, Chongqing University, Liang Shan , Zhu Qin , Sun Yongsheng , Zhan Shanbing ,   Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Oyama College
Published: April 2016

<div class=""abs_img"">	<img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00270005/07.jpg"" width=""300"" />	Consecutive speed-control humps road</div>	Complicated dynamic behavior will happen while nonlinear four degree-of-freedom (DOF) semi-vehicle model is under irregular road excitation. The complex nonlinear vibration influences the ride comfort and safety. In this paper, the study is aimed at analyzing the chaotic vibration and comfort analysis of a vehicle passing the consecutive speed control humps (SCHs). A four-DOF half-vehicle model and combined sine-trapezoidal wave of variable frequency are applied. Occurrence of chaotic vibration is analyzed by bifurcation diagram, time history, Poincarée map. The numerical simulation results show that chaotic vibration phenomenon possibly appears as vehicles are driven on consecutive SCHs. In addition, the exact range of vehicle speed that results in chaotic vibration is derived. Further studies indicate that the influence of quasi-periodic motion state to vehicle on driving comfort is the biggest. This paper uses direct variable feedback control method to control chaotic vibration, and analyzes the control effect from the feedback gain control effect and the delay of the feedback control. The results will help dynamic characteristic analysis of vehicles and the design of the continuous speed bumps.	</span>
Gait Analysis with Automatic Speed-Controlled Treadmill
Authors: Kikuchi Takehito ,   Faculty of Engineering, Oita University, Sakai Kohei , Ishiya Kohei 
Published: April 2016

<div class=""abs_img"">	<img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00270005/09.jpg"" width=""300"" />	Automatic speed-controlled treadmill</div>	Gait training is an important rehabilitation exercise that requires large space and support. To help it succeed, we developed an automatic speed-controlled treadmill with a sensor frame. A Microsoft Kinect sensor detects the user's legs, measuring step length and stride width. Leg information is used to control treadmill belt speed. Force sensors in the sensor frame measure support force and its center. Gait analysis using these values is discussed without including treadmill speed control. Subjects were healthy young males aged 22 to 23. Step length indicates the suitable belt speed for a subject. In experiments with automatic belt-speed control, the controller adjusts belt speed automatically based on how a user walks.	</span>
Development of an Acetic Acid Injection Device for Crown-of-Thorns Starfish Controlled by a Remotely Operated Underwater Robot
Authors: Takemura Fumiaki ,   Department of Mechanical System Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Okinawa College, Kobashigawa Shuta , Hirayama Keita , Kawabata Kuniaki , Sagara Shinichi , Yamashiro Hideyuki , Kuraya Eisuke ,   Advanced Course, National Institute of Technology, Okinawa College,   The Naraha Remote Technology Development Center,  Japan Atomic Energy Agency,   Department of Mechanical and Control Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology,   Sesoko Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus,   Science and Technology Division, National Institute of Technology, Okinawa College
Published: April 2016

<div class=""abs_img"">	<img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00270005/14.jpg"" width=""300"" />	Injection into the starfish</div>	We have been studying and developing an underwater robot for coral reef conservation. This paper describes the development of an acetic acid injection device mounted on an underwater robot for use in exterminating crown-of-thorns starfish that damage corals. First, we outlined the ecology and morphology of the crown-of-thorns starfish to identify requirements for the acetic acid injection device. Based on the requirements identified, we designed and prototyped an acetic acid injection device to be installed on an underwater robot. Next, we installed the developed injection device on a remotely operated vehicle and injected acetic acid into crown-of-thorns starfish under water. We describe the effectiveness of this acetic acid injection device for exterminating crown-of-thorns starfish. The experimental results prove that the developed acetic acid injection device can inject acetic acid into crown-of-thorns starfish just as intended, and that an underwater robot installed with such device can be used effectively to aid in the extermination of crown-of-thorns starfish.	</span>
Development of a Series of RT-Mover, Which is a Four-Wheel Type of Mobile Platform with an Ability of Negotiating Obstacles
Authors: Nakajima Shuro ,   Wakayama University
Published: April 2016

<div class=""abs_img"">	<img src=""[disp_template_path]/JRM/abst-image/00270005/16.jpg"" width=""300"" />	Personal mobility vehicles</div>	We have developed the RT-Mover series of mobile robots because of the strong demand for mobile robot platforms for use on rough terrain. They look like ordinary four-wheel vehicles but are mobile enough to operate on targeted rough terrain encountered in daily life. The advantage of this series is that individual wheels negotiate obstacles with their own leg motion mechanisms.	</span>
Diffusion of an Evidence-Based Smoking Cessation Intervention Through Facebook: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cobb Nathan K. , Jacobs Megan A. , Wileyto Paul , Valente Thomas , Graham Amanda L. 
Published: April 2016

Objectives. To examine the diffusion of an evidence-based smoking cessation application (“app”) through Facebook social networks and identify specific intervention components that accelerate diffusion. Methods. Between December 2012 and October 2013, we recruited adult US smokers (“seeds”) via Facebook advertising and randomized them to 1 of 12 app variants using a factorial design. App variants targeted components of diffusion: duration of use (t), “contagiousness” (β), and number of contacts (Z). The primary outcome was the reproductive ratio (R), defined as the number of individuals installing the app (“descendants”) divided by the number of a seed participant’s Facebook friends. Results. We randomized 9042 smokers. App utilization metrics demonstrated between-variant differences in expected directions. The highest level of diffusion (R = 0.087) occurred when we combined active contagion strategies with strategies to increase duration of use (incidence rate ratio = 9.99; 95% confidence interval = 5.58, 17.91; P < .001). Involving nonsmokers did not affect diffusion. Conclusions. The maximal R value (0.087) is sufficient to increase the numbers of individuals receiving treatment if applied on a large scale. Online interventions can be designed a priori to spread through social networks.
Demographic, Insurance, and Health Characteristics of Newly Enrolled HIV-Positive Patients After Implementation of the Affordable Care Act in California
Authors: Satre Derek D. , Parthasarathy Sujaya , Altschuler Andrea , Silverberg Michael J. , Storholm Erik , Campbell Cynthia I. 
Published: April 2016

Objectives. To examine changes in HIV-positive patient enrollment in a large health care delivery system before and after key Affordable Care Act (ACA) provisions went into effect in 2014. Methods. Analyses compared HIV-positive patients newly enrolled in Kaiser Permanente Northern California between January and June 2012 (n = 339) to those newly enrolled between January and June 2014 through the California insurance exchange or via other mechanisms (n = 549). Results. After the ACA, the HIV-positive patient enrollment increased. These new enrollees were more likely to be male (93.6% vs 89.1%; P = .01), to be enrolled in high-deductible benefit plans (≥ $1000; 18.8% vs 5.5%; P = .01), and to have better HIV viral control (HIV RNA levels below limits of quantification 79.5% vs 73.6%; P = .05) compared with pre-ACA new enrollees. Among post-ACA new enrollees, there were more patients in the lowest and highest age groups. Post-ACA exchange enrollees (22%) were more likely to be male and to have high-deductible plans than those enrolled through other mechanisms. Conclusions. More men, higher deductibles, and better HIV viral control characterize newly enrolled HIV-positive patients after the ACA in California. Public health implications. Evolving characteristics of HIV-positive enrollees may affect HIV policy, patient care needs, and service utilization.
Diffusion of Pharmacy-Based Influenza Vaccination Over Time in the United States
Authors: Chun Grace J. , Sautter Jessica M. , Patterson Brandon J. , McGhan William F. 
Published: April 2016

Objectives. To examine pharmacy-based influenza vaccination using diffusion of innovation theory. Methods. We used 1993 to 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data to generate weighted prevalence rates of influenza vaccination, stratified by age (18–64 years vs ≥ 65 years) and state of residence. The diffusion of innovation theory adopter categories were residents of states allowing pharmacist vaccination before 1996 (“innovator/early adopters”), between 1996 and 1998 (“early majority”), between 1999 and 2004 (“late majority”), and in 2007 or later (“laggards”). Results. For adults aged 18 to 64 years, vaccination rates were similar before the innovation (1993), diverged as the innovation reached the majority (2003), and were significantly lower for laggard states by 2013. Younger adults’ vaccination rates steadily increased from 12% to 16% in 1993 to 29% to 36% in 2013. For older adults, there was no significant difference in vaccination rates between adopter categories in any year and no advantage associated with adoption category. Conclusions. Key features of pharmacy-based vaccination, including relative advantage and compatibility, are most relevant to younger adults; different interventions are warranted for older adults.
Estimating Potential Reductions in Premature Mortality in New York City From Raising the Minimum Wage to $15
Authors: Tsao Tsu-Yu , Konty Kevin J. , Van Wye Gretchen , Barbot Oxiris , Hadler James L. , Linos Natalia , Bassett Mary T. 
Published: April 2016

Objectives. To assess potential reductions in premature mortality that could have been achieved in 2008 to 2012 if the minimum wage had been $15 per hour in New York City. Methods. Using the 2008 to 2012 American Community Survey, we performed simulations to assess how the proportion of low-income residents in each neighborhood might change with a hypothetical $15 minimum wage under alternative assumptions of labor market dynamics. We developed an ecological model of premature death to determine the differences between the levels of premature mortality as predicted by the actual proportions of low-income residents in 2008 to 2012 and the levels predicted by the proportions of low-income residents under a hypothetical $15 minimum wage. Results. A $15 minimum wage could have averted 2800 to 5500 premature deaths between 2008 and 2012 in New York City, representing 4% to 8% of total premature deaths in that period. Most of these avertable deaths would be realized in lower-income communities, in which residents are predominantly people of color. Conclusions. A higher minimum wage may have substantial positive effects on health and should be considered as an instrument to address health disparities.
FORMING DISK GALAXIES IN WET MAJOR MERGERS. I. THREE FIDUCIAL EXAMPLES
Authors: Athanassoula E. , Rodionov S. A. , Peschken N. , Lambert J. C. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Using three fiducial N-body+SPH simulations, we follow the merging of two disk galaxies that each have a hot gaseous halo component, and examine whether the merger remnant can be a spiral galaxy. The stellar progenitor disks are destroyed by violent relaxation during the merging and most of their stars form a classical bulge, while the remaining stars, as well as stars born during the merging times, form a thick disk and its bar. A new stellar disk forms subsequently and gradually in the remnant from the gas accreted mainly from the halo. It is vertically thin and well extended in its equatorial plane. A bar starts forming before the disk is fully in place, which is contrary to what is assumed in idealized simulations of isolated bar-forming galaxies, and has morphological features such as ansae and boxy/peanut bulges. Stars of different ages populate different parts of the box/peanut. A disky pseudobulge also forms, so that by the end of the simulation all three types of bulges coexist. The oldest stars are found in the classical bulge, followed by those of the thick disk, then by those in the thin disk. The youngest stars are in the spiral arms and the disky pseudobulge. The disk surface density profiles are of type II (exponential with downbending); the circular velocity curves are flat and show that the disks are submaximum in these examples: two clearly so and one near-borderline between maximum and submaximum. On average, only roughly between 10% and 20% of the stellar mass is in the classical bulge of the final models, i.e., much less than in previous simulations.
La France et la tragédie syrienne
Authors: Kodmani Bassma , Chagnollaud Jean-Paul 
Published: April 2016

Après avoir connu un soulèvement civil en 2011, la Syrie est entrée dans une guerre civile dont les populations paient massivement le prix. Cette guerre revêt une forte dimension régionale et internationale et, dans cette arène, la France occupe une position importante. Au travers de cet entretien, Bassma Kodmani, très impliquée sur la question, analyse l’attitude française depuis le début du conflit, relevant sa constance mais également ses limites et ses erreurs.
La situation de la Palestine devant la Cour pénale internationale : un recours imminent ?
Authors: Aoun Alia 
Published: April 2016

L’entrée de la Palestine à la Cour pénale internationale, début 2015, agita le monde politique. Après avoir mobilisé ses alliés dans une campagne de dénigrement visant l’institution internationale et usé de l’arme des sanctions financières contre l’Autorité palestinienne, l’Etat hébreu accepta discrètement, au mois de juillet dernier, d’entamer un dialogue avec le Bureau du Procureur. À La Haye, Fatou Bensouda procède à un examen préliminaire de la situation en Palestine. Le Statut de Rome, texte fondateur de la Cour, n’impose aucun délai au Procureur pour convertir l’examen préliminaire en enquête. La décision d’ouvrir une enquête doit se fonder sur une base raisonnable dont les critères sont énoncés dans le Statut. La situation dans les territoires et à Gaza satisfait-elle aux conditions légales ? Le refus de coopérer et les réalités sur le terrain peuvent-elles impacter le processus judiciaire ?
Le concept de pulsion dans le travail avec des patients somatisants
Authors: Perris-Myttas Marina , Hacker Anne-Lise 
Published: April 2016

Au travers du développement de symptômes somatiques dans les dernières années d’une analyse, l’auteur propose d’examiner le matériel à la lumière du concept de pulsion comme union du somatique avec le psychique et comme vicissitudes de la constitution de la représentation.	– Elle montre ensuite la corrélation concevable entre le concept freudien de pulsion et celui d’éléments-bêta que Bion définit comme « sensations brutes » : le « purement physique ».