bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medicago truncatula copper transporter 1 (MtCOPT1) delivers copper for symbiotic nitrogen fixation
Authors: Senovilla Marta , Castro‐Rodríguez Rosario , Abreu Isidro , Escudero Viviana , Kryvoruchko Igor , Udvardi Michael K. , Imperial Juan , González‐Guerrero Manuel 
Published: January 2018

Summary

Copper is an essential nutrient for symbiotic nitrogen fixation. This element is delivered by the host plant to the nodule, where membrane copper (Cu) transporter would introduce it into the cell to synthesize cupro‐proteins.

COPT family members in the model legume Medicago truncatula were identified and their expression determined. Yeast complementation assays, confocal microscopy and phenotypical characterization of a Tnt1 insertional mutant line were carried out in the nodule‐specific M. truncatula COPT family member.

Medicago truncatula genome encodes eight COPT transporters. MtCOPT1 (Medtr4g019870) is the only nodule‐specific COPT gene. It is located in the plasma membrane of the differentiation, interzone and early fixation zones. Loss of MtCOPT1 function results in a Cu‐mitigated reduction of biomass production when the plant obtains its nitrogen exclusively from symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Mutation of MtCOPT1 results in diminished nitrogenase activity in nodules, likely an indirect effect from the loss of a Cu‐dependent function, such as cytochrome oxidase activity in copt1‐1 bacteroids.

These data are consistent with a model in which MtCOPT1 transports Cu from the apoplast into nodule cells to provide Cu for essential metabolic processes associated with symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
Test Procedures to Assess Somatosensory Abnormalities in Individuals with Peripheral Joint Pain: A Systematic Review of Psychometric Properties
Authors: Alqarni Abdullah Mohammad , Manlapaz Donald , Baxter David , Tumilty Steve , Mani Ramakrishnan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundTest procedures that were developed to assess somatosensory abnormalities should possess optimal psychometric properties (PMPs) to be used in clinical practice. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the literature to assess the level of evidence for PMPs of test procedures investigated in individuals with peripheral joint pain (PJP).MethodsA comprehensive electronic literature search was conducted in 7 databases from inception to March 2016. The Quality Appraisal for Reliability Studies (QAREL) checklist and the Consensus‐based Standards for the Selection of Health Status Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) tool were used to assess risk for bias of the included studies. Level of evidence was evaluated based on the methodological quality and the quality of the measurement properties.ResultsForty‐one studies related to PJP were included. The majority of included studies were considered to be of insufficient methodological quality, and the level of evidence for PMPs varied across different test procedures. The level of evidence for PMPs varied across different test procedures in different types of PJP. Hand‐held pressure algometry is the only test procedure that showed moderate positive evidence of intrarater reliability, agreement, and responsiveness, simultaneously, when it was investigated in patients with chronic knee osteoarthritis.ConclusionsThis systematic review identified that the level of evidence for PMPs varied across different testing procedures to assess somatosensory abnormalities for different PJP populations. Further research with standardized protocols is recommended to further investigate the predictive ability and responsiveness of reported test procedures in order to warrant their extended utility in clinical practice.
Cardiac function on 3‐D speckle tracking imaging and cytokines in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Kato Masataka , Ayusawa Mamoru , Watanabe Hirofumi , Komori Akiko , Abe Yuriko , Nakamura Takahiro , Kamiyama Hiroshi , Takahashi Shori 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundSerum N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) tends to rise in acute phase Kawasaki disease (KD), but the cause of NT‐proBNP elevation has not been clarified. In a previous study, cardiac function evaluated on 2‐D echocardiography (2D‐E) such as ejection fraction was normal, but this does not reflect subtle changes in cardiac dysfunction, and hence the association between cardiac function and NT‐proBNP elevation is still controversial. The aim of this study was therefore to elucidate the influence of cardiac function on NT‐proBNP elevation, by evaluating cardiac function via strain on 3‐D speckle tracking imaging (3D‐STI), in acute and subacute KD patients. Given that cytokines are also thought to induce NT‐proBNP in acute phase KD, serum cytokines and cytokine receptors were measured at the same time.MethodsLaboratory data and echocardiography in 52 KD patients in the acute and subacute phases were reviewed.ResultsMedian NT‐proBNP was significantly elevated in the acute phase compared with the subacute phase (356.5 pg/mL; IQR, 145–904 pg/mL vs 103.5 pg/mL; IQR, 59–150 pg/mL, P < 0.01). All cytokines were also significantly elevated in the acute phase compared with the subacute phase. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, soluble TNF receptor (sTNFR)1, and sTNFR2 concentration were all significantly higher in the acute phase. Indices of cardiac function were not significant different between phases. NT‐proBNP in the acute and subacute phases correlated with sTNFR1 (r = 0.63/0.43, P < 0.01), sTNFR2 (r = 0.50/0.31, P < 0.05), and interleukin‐6 (r = 0.58/0.43, P < 0.01). NT‐proBNP did not correlate with global longitudinal strain (GLS) on 3D‐STI.ConclusionAlthough no correlation was seen between NT‐proBNP and GLS on 3D‐STI, correlations between NT‐proBNP and cytokines were clear. NT‐proBNP might be a marker of inflammation in KD, but is not a marker of cardiac function.
A novel PKLR gene mutation identified using advanced molecular techniques
Authors: He Yunyan , Luo Jianming , Lei Yonghong , Jia Siyuan , Liao Ning 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study's purposes were to diagnose intractable hemolytic anemia and to provide guiding treatment for the affected family members. We performed NGS in a panel of 600 genes for blood diseases on a patient with obscure hemolytic anemia and her parents. We confirmed the diagnosis of pyruvate kinase deficiency, identified a novel homozygous mutation of the PKLR gene (NM_000298: exon 6: c.T941C: p.I314T), and ruled out other blood diseases in the Chinese family. Furthermore, amniotic fluid was taken from the mother during the second trimester, and DNA was extracted to analyze the type of PKLR gene mutation. The proband received cord blood and bone marrow from the second child of the mother for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and achieved normal hematopoiesis. The genetic characterization analysis and genotype‐phenotype correlation study of PKLR gene suggested that NGS was an effective method to confirm the molecular diagnosis of intractable hemolytic anemia. The identification of the mutation aided in prenatal diagnosis in the second pregnancy and the effective clinical management of the affected family.
Review of the Comparative Susceptibility of Microbial Species to Photoinactivation Using 380–480 nm Violet‐Blue Light
Authors: Tomb Rachael M. , White Tracy A. , Coia John E. , Anderson John G. , MacGregor Scott J. , Maclean Michelle 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAntimicrobial violet‐blue light is an emerging technology designed for enhanced clinical decontamination and treatment applications, due to its safety, efficacy and ease of use. This systematized review was designed to compile the current knowledge on the antimicrobial efficacy of 380–480 nm light on a range of health care and food‐related pathogens including vegetative bacteria, bacterial endospores, fungi and viruses. Data were compiled from 79 studies, with the majority focussing on wavelengths in the region of 405 nm. Analysis indicated that Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative vegetative bacteria are the most susceptible organisms, while bacterial endospores, viruses and bacteriophage are the least. Evaluation of the dose required for a 1 log10 reduction of key bacteria compared to population, irradiance and wavelength indicated that microbial titer and light intensity had little effect on the dose of 405 nm light required; however, linear analysis indicated organisms exposed to longer wavelengths of violet‐blue light may require greater doses for inactivation. Additional research is required to ensure this technology can be used effectively, including: investigating inactivation of multidrug‐resistant organisms, fungi, viruses and protozoa; further knowledge about the photodynamic inactivation mechanism of action; the potential for microbial resistance; and the establishment of a standardized exposure methodology.
Diagnoses and ordering practices driving blood demand for treatment of anemia in Tanzania
Authors: Apata Ibironke W. , Drammeh Bakary , De Anindya K. , Bjork Adam , Pathak Sonal , Lyimo Magdalena , Juma Abdu , Kutaga Regina , Mahmoud Mwanakheir , Nkya Efesper , Kuehnert Matthew , Marfin Anthony 
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUNDResource‐limited countries in Africa experience blood shortages. Understanding clinical drivers of blood demand can inform strategies to increase blood availability.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSFrom a national representative sample of 42 hospitals in Tanzania, patient records and requests for whole blood (WB) and red blood cells (RBCs) to treat anemia were analyzed using data collected prospectively from June through September 2013. Abstracted data included cause of anemia, number of requested units, clinical signs, and pretransfusion hemoglobin (Hb) levels. Weighted projections of nationwide drivers of blood demand for the year, 2013, were calculated. Mean posttransfusion Hb levels were estimated, and blood requests were assessed for clinical appropriateness.RESULTSMalaria was the leading driver of blood demand for anemia among children, accounting for 67% (55,949 units; standard deviation [SD], 1911 units) of projected units requested for children in 2013. Maternal hemorrhage was the leading driver of blood demand for anemia among adults, accounting for 21% (31,321 units; SD, 963 units) of projected units requested. Seventeen percent (26,133 units; SD, 1013 units) of projected requested units were deemed inappropriate. Adults with severe anemia had a mean Hb level of 3.7 g/dL and a mean of 1.6 WB or RBC units per request, resulting in an estimated mean posttransfusion Hb level of 5.3 g/dL.CONCLUSIONSStrategies to prevent and treat underlying causes of anemia and decrease inappropriate blood requests will likely increase blood availability. Restrictive blood ordering practices seen in adults with severe anemia suggests undertreatment of anemia and may result in an underestimation of the national blood demand.
P17 Pharmco-stability of plasma-lyte 148 and plasma-lyte 148% glucose 5% with frequently used infused therapeutic agents
Authors: Andrew Wignell , Patrick Davies , Sophie Hammond , Paul Cooling , David Barrett 
Published: January 2018

AimsPlasma-Lyte148 is a balanced, crystalloid fluid which has been shown to circumvent the hyperchloraemic metabolicacidosis associated with 0.9% Saline. There is limited compatibility data available to support the co-administration of this fluid with commonly infused medications. Such data is essential to support the safe introduction of this fluid, especially in children where intravenous access is often limited. This study aimed to expandon knowledge in this area by assessing the chemical and physical compatibility of Plasma-Lyte with a range of medicines.MethodsAdrenaline, Dobutamine, Dopamine, Furosemide, Midazolam, Milrinone and Morphine were mixed with Plasma-Lyte, Plasma-Lyte with 5% Glucose, and the two control solutions 0.9% Saline and 5% Glucose. Chemical compatibility was assessed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography using the Thermo Scientific UltiMate 3000 system. Physical compatibility was assessed by checking for colour changes and precipitate formation. pH of the admixtures was recorded using a Fisherbrand Hydrus 3000 pH metre. 6 repeats were carried out for HPLC and 2 for physical compatibility checks and pH measurements, with all admixtures assayed at 0, 2 and 24 hours. Chemical stability was defined as <5% change in concentration and pH was considered acceptable for peripheral administration if it was between 5 and 9 at all time points.ResultsAdrenaline, Dobutamine, Dopamine, Morphine and Milrinone were chemically and physically stable when diluted with Plasma-Lyte 148 and Plasma-Lyte 148 with 5% Glucose. Furosemide was compatible with Plasma-Lyte 148, but not Plasma-Lyte 148 with 5% glucose. Midazolam was not compatible with Plasma-Lyte 148 or Plasma-Lyte 148%–5% glucose at the tested concentration of 3 mg/mL. Only Dobutamine, Dopamine, Furosemide and Morphine remained within the pH range 5–9 when mixed with Plasma-Lyte 148 and Plasma-Lyte 148 with glucose.ConclusionAdrenaline, Dobutamine, Dopamine, Morphine and Milrinone can be mixed with Plasma-Lyte 148 and Plasma-Lyte 148 with glucose in clinical practice. Furosemide can beco-administered with Plasma-Lyte 148, but not Plasma-Lyte 148 with 5% glucose. Midazolam should not be mixed with Plasma-Lyte 148 and Plasma-Lyte 148 with glucose at a concentration of 3 mg/mL.
P39 Start smart: improving the quality of empiric antimicrobial prescribing at a tertiary paediatric hospital
Authors: Kirrane Michelle , Cunney Rob , McNamara Roisin , Okafor Ike 
Published: January 2018

Appropriate choice of empiric antibiotic therapy, in line with local guidelines, improves outcome for children with infection, while reducing adverse drug effects, cost, and selection of antimicrobial resistance. Data from national point prevalence surveys showed compliance with local prescribing guidelines at our hospital was suboptimal. A team with representatives from the pharmacy, microbiology and emergency departments collaborated with prescribers to improve the quality of empiric antibiotic prescribing. The project aim was, using the ‘Model for Improvement’, to ensure ≥90% of children admitted via the Emergency Department (ED) and commenced on antibiotic therapy, have a documented indication and a choice of therapy in line with local antimicrobial guidelines.MethodResults of weekly audits of the first ten children admitted via ED and started on antibiotics were fed back to prescribers. Front line ownership techniques were used to develop ideas for change, including; regular antibiotic prescribing discussion at Monday morning handover meeting, antibiotic ‘spot quiz’ for prescribers, updates to prescribing guidelines (along with improved access and promotion of prescribing app), printed ID badge guideline summary cards, reminders and guideline summaries at point of prescribing in ED.Collection of audit data initially proved challenging, but was resolved through a series of rapid PDSA cycles. Initial support from ED consultants and other ED staff facilitated establishment of the project. Presentation of weekly run charts to prescribers fostered considerable support among consultants and non-consultant doctors (NCHDs). We saw a shift in perspective from ‘how is your project going?’ to ‘How are we doing?’.ResultsDocumentation of indication and guideline compliance increased from a median of 30% in December 2014/January 2015 to 100% consistently from February 2015 to the present. It is felt that a change in approach to antimicrobial prescribing is now embedded in our hospital culture as this improvement has remained constant through three NCHD changeovers. A comparison of 2014 Antimicrobial expenditure to 2015 figures shows a reduction in expenditure of €101,078.44.ConclusionThis project has inspired other departments to develop local QIPs and has encouraged the surgical teams to lead their own audits in antimicrobial stewardship. An improvement in other areas of antimicrobial prescribing has also been noted e.g. documentation of review date.The initiative has been shared with other hospitals throughout Ireland via presentations at the National Patient Safety Conference, Antimicrobial Awareness day and the Irish Antimicrobial Pharmacist’s Group meeting. It has also been shared at both European and international conferences. The project was a shortlisted finalist for a national healthcare excellence award and has been rolled out as part of a national quality improvement collaborative.
Proportion of women presenters at medical grand rounds at major academic centres in Canada: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Buell Danielle , Hemmelgarn Brenda R , Straus Sharon E 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTo assess the proportion of women who presented research or medical grand rounds at five major academic hospitals in Canada.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingFive major university-affiliated hospitals in Toronto and Calgary.ResultsOverall, at all sites and types of academic rounds, there were an average of 17% fewer women presenting than men (P<0.001). There were an average of 32% and 21% more men presenting at the city-wide grand rounds in cities A and B, respectively (P<0.001, P=0.002). There were more male speakers at four out of five types of rounds. The proportion of women presenting on average was proportional to the Canadian workforce, but on average, below the proportion of female residents and medical students (median ratio 1.1, 0.7 and 0.8, respectively).ConclusionOur study demonstrated a lower proportion of females in an important outlet for academic recognition and role modelling. This provides a possible contributing factor to the under-representation of women in academic medicine and an area that can be systematically targeted to promote equity.
Public transport policy, social engagement and mental health in older age: a quasi-experimental evaluation of free bus passes in England
Authors: Reinhard Erica , Courtin Emilie , van Lenthe Frank J , Avendano Mauricio 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundSocial engagement and social isolation are key determinants of mental health in older age, yet there is limited evidence on how public policies may contribute to reducing isolation, promoting social engagement and improving mental health among older people. This study examines the impact of the introduction of an age-friendly transportation policy, free bus passes, on the mental health of older people in England.MethodsWe use an instrumental variable (IV) approach that exploits eligibility criteria for free bus passes to estimate the impact of increased public transportation use on depressive symptoms, loneliness, social isolation and social engagement.ResultsEligibility for the free bus travel pass was associated with an 8% (95% CI 6.4% to 9.6%) increase in the use of public transportation among older people. The IV model suggests that using public transport reduces depressive symptoms by 0.952 points (95% CI −1.712 to −0.192) on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. IV models also suggest that using public transport reduces feelings of loneliness (β −0.794, 95% CI −1.528 to −0.061), increases volunteering at least monthly (β 0.237, 95% CI 0.059 to 0.414) and increases having regular contact with children (β 0.480, 95% CI 0.208 to 0.752) and friends (β 0.311, 95% CI 0.109 to 0.513).ConclusionFree bus travel is associated with reductions in depressive symptoms and feelings of loneliness among older people. Transportation policies may increase older people’s social engagement and consequently deliver significant benefits to mental health.
Effect of the Smoke-Free Illinois Act on casino admissions and revenue
Authors: Tauras John A , Chaloupka Frank J , Moor Gregg , Henderson Patricia Nez , Leischow Scott J 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveAs part of the Smoke-Free Illinois Act, smoking on the gambling floors of all commercial casinos in Illinois became prohibited. This study examined the effects of the Smoke-Free Illinois Act on casino admissions per-capita and real per-capita adjusted gross receipts using 18 years of data (10 years before and 8 years after the Illinois law went into effect).MethodsWe employed a difference-in-difference regression technique using monthly data for the states of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa and Missouri and control for numerous determinants expected to affect casino admissions and revenue.ResultsThe Smoke-free Illinois Act was found not to be a statistically significant determinant of per-capita casino admissions and of real per-capita gross adjusted receipts in all the models we estimated.ConclusionsThe estimates from this study clearly indicated that the Illinois law that banned smoking in casinos has had no significant negative economic consequences for casinos in terms of per-capita admissions or revenues.
A primeira viagem de Vasco da Gama à Índia
Authors: Souza T. O. Marcondes de 
Published: January 2018

(Ensaio Crítico) A primeira viagem de Vasco da Gama à índia tem dado margem a discussões, sendo que três são os principais pontos controvertidos, a saber:— Foi essa viagem uma navegação de grande cabotagem? — Vasco da Gama ao partir da ilha de Santiago, tendo-se aproximado da Serra Leoa, afastou-se em demasia da costa ocidental da África para poder atingir o cabo da Boa Esperança? — Nesse afastamento passou bem próximo do litoral brasileiro a ponto de ter avistado terras do Brasil?
A descoberta e identificação do "Schistosoma Mansoni" por Pirajá da Silva, em 1908, na Bahia (Brasil)
Authors: Falcão Dr. Edgard de Cerqueira 
Published: January 2018

Começa o Autor analisando a observação de Bilharz, o descobridor do S. hisematobittm, o qual botou a presença de dois tipos de ovos espiculados de esquistossomof, parasitos do homem (dotados de acúleos lateral e terminal), na cavidade, uterina de um mesmo verme fêmea. Tal fato, verdadeira ilusão óptica microscópica, foi o ponto de partida para que os helmintologistas do Cairo, A. Lonas à frente, não quisessem aceitar a realidade da existência de duas espécies diferentes do trematóide, sugerida por Manson, em 1903. A seguir, apresenta o Autor a contribuição original do sábio brasileiro Pirajá da Silva, que veio a descobrir e identificar cabalmente a segunda espécie, criada por Sambou em 1907, com o nome de Schistosoma mansoni. Os estudos de P. da Silva ocorreram na Bahia, em 1908.
Relação de 134 Códices valiosos para uma eventual história local de Santana do Parnaíba (1660-1932)
Authors: Rodrigues Maria Regina da Cunha 
Published: January 2018

Correspondendo ao apêlo do Diretor da Revista de História, no sentido do arrolamento de fontes primárias regio-nais, julgamos oportuno divulgar uma relação de 134 Códices sôbre Santana do Parnaíba, no período de 1660-1932, existen-tes na secção histórica do Departamento do Arquivo do Esta-do de São Paulo. Trata-se de documentação provavelmente inédita, recolhida àquela secção especializada em 8 de outubro de 1940.
Memória histórica de Cananéia (IV)
Authors: Almeida Antônio Paulino de 
Published: January 2018

Como simples nota explicativa precisamos dizer algo sôbre a palavra Cananéia ou as Ilhas de Cananéia, a que continua-mente aludem os escritores da época. Como se sabe, o município é formado por uma faixa de ter-ras situada no continente, além de diversas ilhas, que formam o "Arquipélago de Cananéia", como disse o dr. Afonso A. de Freitas em sua Geografia do Estado de São Paulo.
Arrolamento das fontes históricas do Município de Pinhal, Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Casalecchi José Ênio 
Published: January 2018

INTRODUÇÃO. O município de Pinhal está localizado na zona fisiográfi-ca cristalina do norte, tendo por coordenadas geográficas 22° 12' de latitude sul e 46° 44' de longitude W. Gr. Sua área é de 394 km2 e sua altitude é de 870 metros.
Resenha de: Ocean Indien et Méditerranée
Authors: Paula Eurípedes Simões de 
Published: January 2018

Oceán Indien et Méditerranéé (Travaux du VIe Colloque International d'Histoire Maritime et du Deuxième Congrès de l'Association Historique Internationale de l'Océan Inclien). Paris. S. E. V. P. E. N. 1965. Publicação da "École Pratique des Hautes Études (6e section)". Coleção "Bibliothèque Generale".