bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adherence to Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy in Emergency Medicine Research
Authors: Gallo Lucas , Hua Nadia , Mercuri Mathew , Silveira Angela , Worster Andrew ,   Best Evidence in Emergency Medicine (BEEM; beem.ca)
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundDiagnostic tests are used frequently in the emergency department (ED) to guide clinical decision making and, hence, influence clinical outcomes. The Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) criteria were developed to ensure that diagnostic test studies are performed and reported to best inform clinical decision making in the ED.ObjectiveThe objective was to determine the extent to which diagnostic studies published in emergency medicine journals adhered to STARD 2003 criteria.MethodsDiagnostic studies published in eight MEDLINE‐listed, peer‐reviewed, emergency medicine journals over a 5‐year period were reviewed for compliance to STARD criteria.ResultsA total of 12,649 articles were screened and 114 studies were included in our study. Twenty percent of these were randomly selected for assessment using STARD 2003 criteria. Adherence to STARD 2003 reporting standards for each criteria ranged from 8.7% adherence (criteria—reporting adverse events from performing index test or reference standard) to 100% (multiple criteria).ConclusionJust over half of STARD criteria are reported in more than 80% studies. As poorly reported studies may negatively impact their clinical usefulness, it is essential that studies of diagnostic test accuracy be performed and reported adequately. Future studies should assess whether studies have improved compliance with the STARD 2015 criteria amendment.
Independent housing and support for people with severe mental illness: systematic review
Authors: Richter D. , Hoffmann H. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveTo systematically explore the outcomes of Independent Housing and Support (IHS) for people with severe mental disorders when compared to other residential settings.MethodSystematic review of Randomised and Non‐Randomised Controlled Trials of publications that analyse the outcomes of living in independent settings versus institutionalised accommodation. Risk of bias assessment was adapted from the Cochrane Collaboration's ACROBAT‐Tool. The analysis was conducted separately for publications with homeless and non‐homeless people.ResultsTwenty‐four publications from studies with homeless people and eight publications from studies with non‐homeless people were included. Risk of bias was much lower in studies with the homeless. No RCT was found in the sample of publications with the non‐homeless. Overall, results from Independent Housing and Support‐settings are not inferior to results from institutionalised settings.ConclusionThe results indicate that Independent Housing and Support‐settings provide at least similar outcomes than residential care. We propose that clients’ preferences should determine the choice of housing setting.
An unusual case of dental infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing a brain abscess: case report
Authors: Pereira RS , Bonardi JP , Ferreira ACD , Latini GL 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA brain abscess may result when dental infection reaches the brain through contiguous anatomic cavities such as the maxillary sinus, the ethmoid sinus and the orbital cavity. It is an important complication and should be treated aggressively. Such treatment would include the excision of the etiological factor, drainage and adjuvant antibiotic therapy. The present case concerns a 23 year old woman who presented at the General Hospital of Nova Iguaçu with complaints of pain in the right side of the face and was diagnosed with acute sinusitis. Antibiotics and analgesics were prescribed to treat the disease. However, after 10 days, she returned to the emergency room, presenting with proptosis of the right eyeball, subconjunctival haemorrhage, ophthalmoplegia and intense pain in the right orbit, in addition to headaches. After computed tomography was performed, she was diagnosed with a brain abscess in the frontal lobe with the involvement of the maxillary right first molar, the maxillary sinus, the ethmoid sinus and the orbital cavity. With culturing of the secretion, the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonies was evident. Treatment consisted of a craniotomy to drain the brain abscess, a Caldwell–Luc procedure to drain the right maxillary sinus, dental extraction and aggressive antibiotic therapy. After 6 weeks, the patient was discharged with no neurological sequelae.
Multiple external cervical root resorptions after home whitening treatment: a case report
Authors: Velloso GR , de Freitas MM , Alves ATNN , Silva ARS , Barboza ESP , Moraschini V 
Published: June 2017

AbstractInvasive multiple cervical root resorptions after vital tooth bleaching is a rare condition. The aim of this article is to present a case of multiple external cervical root resorptions (ECRR) after a misguided home whitening treatment. A 34 year old male patient presented with slight sensitivity and mobility in several teeth. Despite the manufacturer's recommendations, the patient used a 22% carbamide peroxide‐based tooth bleaching gel at home for 4 days consecutively, at night, on the upper and lower arches. Clinical examination revealed gingival swelling, probing depths ranging 5–7 mm on the buccal and proximal surfaces, and grade 2 mobility of the teeth affected by ECRR. Radiographs revealed presence of ECRR in several teeth during initial examination, and development of multiple new lesions 6 months later. The teeth were subsequently extracted. Histological analysis showed multiple dentine lacunae and areas of dentine reparation. The careful use of these products can prevent sequelae such as those reported in this clinical case. As the vital bleaching has a variable success rate, patients should be informed through a consent form of the benefits and risks of tooth bleaching treatment.
Can spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennisKirky) pheromone trap catches or stand conditions predict Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmanniiParry ex Engelm.) tree mortality in Colorado?
Authors: Negrón José F. , Popp John B. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) can cause extensive tree mortality in forests dominated by their hosts. Among these, the spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis) is one of the most important beetles in western North America causing Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) tree mortality.
Although pheromone traps with attractants are commonly used to monitor spruce beetle populations, the relationship between the numbers of beetles caught in pheromone traps and subsequent tree mortality has not been investigated adequately.
We used pheromone traps to catch spruce beetles in plots throughout the insect flight period, quantified subsequent tree mortality, and modelled spruce tree mortality as a function of spruce beetle trap catches and stand conditions.
The number of beetles caught was not different between years. It was also positively associated with tree mortality, as was the amount of available host. The year of sampling was significant in all models as a result of different mortality levels between years.
We conclude that, although the models had good fit, the difference in mortality between the years with a similar beetle catch negates reliable estimates of tree mortality across years. Managers and forest health specialists will be better served by continued monitoring of spruce beetle populations with pheromone traps and the use of stand variables to identify susceptible stands.
Molecular Characterisation of α‐ and β‐Thalassaemia among Indigenous Senoi Orang Asli Communities in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Koh Danny Xuan Rong , Raja Sabudin Raja Zahratul Azma , Mohd Yusoff Malisa , Hussin Noor Hamidah , Ahmad Rahimah , Othman Ainoon , Ismail Endom 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThalassaemia is a public health problem in Malaysia, with each ethnic group having their own common mutations. However, there is a lack on data on the prevalence and common mutations among the indigenous people. This cross‐sectional study was performed to determine the common mutations of α‐ and β‐thalassaemia among the subethnic groups of Senoi, the largest Orang Asli group in Peninsular Malaysia. Blood samples collected from six Senoi subethnic groups were analysed for full blood count and haemoglobin analysis (HbAn). Samples with abnormal findings were then screened for α‐ and β‐globin gene mutations. Out of the 752 samples collected, 255 showed abnormal HbAn results, and 122 cases showing abnormal red cell indices with normal HbAn findings were subjected to molecular screening. DNA analysis revealed a mixture of α‐ and β‐globin gene mutations with 25 concomitant cases. The types of gene abnormalities detected for α‐thalassaemia were termination codon (T>C) Hb CS (αCSα), Cd59 (G>A) haemoglobin Adana (Hb Adana) (αCd59α), initiation codon (ATG>A‐G) (αIniCdα), two‐gene deletion (–SEA), and single‐gene 3.7‐kb deletion (‐α3.7). For β‐thalassaemia, there were Cd26 (G>A) Hb E (βE), Cd19 (A>G) Haemoglobin Malay (Hb Malay) (βCd19), and IVS 1–5 (G>C) (βIVS 1–5).
Meaningful use of computers has a potential therapeutic and preventative role in dementia care: A systematic review
Authors: Liapis Jimmy , Harding Katherine E 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivePersonal computers provide an increasingly accessible resource for leisure, social engagement and activities of daily living. This systematic review aimed to explore preventative or therapeutic benefits of such technology in people at risk of, or living with, dementia.MethodsA systematic search of health databases combined key concepts of dementia and computer use. Inclusion criteria were applied, studies appraised for quality and results synthesised descriptively.ResultsNine studies met inclusion criteria: Four population‐based studies and five small observational/intervention studies. Findings show an association between computer use in older age and decreased risk of dementia and provide preliminary evidence that computer‐based activity interventions are feasible and enjoyable for people with dementia.ConclusionEarly findings are promising, but more rigorous studies are required to examine the nature of the relationship between computer use and dementia risk, and the potential of computer activities to improve outcomes for people experiencing cognitive decline.
Effects of Intradialytic Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Strength and Muscle Architecture in Patients With Chronic Kidney Failure: Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Schardong Jociane , Dipp Thiago , Bozzeto Camila Bassani , da Silva Marília Godoy , Baldissera Gabriela Leivas , Ribeiro Raíssa de Castro , Valdemarca Bruna Pan , do Pinho Alexandre Severo , Sbruzzi Graciele , Plentz Rodrigo Della Méa 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on muscle strength and architecture, functional capacity, and endothelial function in patients with chronic kidney failure (CKF) on hemodialysis (HD). Twenty‐one patients with CKF on HD were randomized into a control group (CG; n = 10) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation group (NMESG; n = 11) who received NMES in the quadriceps muscle for 8 weeks, 3 times/week (20–34 min) during HD sessions. The muscle strength of the lower limbs was evaluated by dynamometry and sit‐and‐stand test (SST); muscle architecture through ultrasonography; functional capacity by the distance covered in a 6‐min walk test and the endothelial function by flow‐mediated dilatation technique of the brachial artery. There was an increase in the strength of the lower limbs in the NMESG compared to the CG (dynamometry: 43.28 ± 16.94 vs. 35.84 ± 16.89, P = 0.006; SST: 16.10 ± 6.51 vs. 12.50 ± 4.7, P = 0.029). There was a significant reduction in pennation angles of the right vastus lateralis (RVL) and left vastus lateralis (LVL) in the CG when compared to the NMESG (RVL: 11.93 [10.70–15.11] vs. 13.57 [11.81–15.96], P = 0.039; LVL: 11.62 [9.00–14.20] vs. 15.52 [12.86–20.02], P = 0.042). There was no change in functional capacity and in the endothelial function for CG and NMESG, respectively. In conclusion, NMES increases muscle strength and has a protective effect against muscle atrophy of the lower limbs of patients with chronic kidney failure on HD.
Enhanced Skin Regeneration by Herbal Extract‐Coated Poly‐L‐Lactic Acid Nanofibrous Scaffold
Authors: Jouybar Aytak , Seyedjafari Ehsan , Ardeshirylajimi Abdolreza , Zandi‐Karimi Ali , Feizi Nikta , Khani Mohammad‐Mehdi , Pousti Iraj 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe wound healing process is directly related to the type of treatment. Existing methods of treatment are not responsive enough for severe wounds. The aim of this study was the potential capacity investigation of poly‐L‐lactic acid (PLLA) nanofibrous scaffolds coated by aloe vera gel for wound dressing applications. In this study, electrospinning method was used for preparing PLLA nanofibers, and after characterization by SEM and MTT, its influence on the wound healing process was investigated with and without aloe vera gel as a wound dressing in full‐thickness skin defect in mice. Band‐Aids were used as a positive control and vaseline gauze as a negative control. SEM and MTT assays confirmed the nanometer size and biocompatibility of fabricated nanofibers. Macroscopic and histopathological characteristics were evaluated at the end of days 7, 12, and 17 and their results showed that the gel‐coated scaffold accelerated the wound‐healing process compared with other groups. At the end of the experiment, it was shown that during the whole time of study, gel‐coated scaffold had the highest overall repair score. Therefore, gel‐coated PLLA scaffold would be an ideal construct for wound healing and skin regenerative medicine application.
Exercise Capacity and Functional Performance in Heart Failure Patients Supported by a Left Ventricular Assist Device at Discharge From Inpatient Rehabilitation
Authors: Schmidt Thomas , Bjarnason‐Wehrens Birna , Bartsch Petra , Deniz Ezin , Schmitto Jan , Schulte‐Eistrup Sebastian , Willemsen Detlev , Reiss Nils 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAdequate physical and functional performance is an important prerequisite for renewed participation and integration in self‐determined private and (where appropriate) professional lives following left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. During cardiac rehabilitation (CR), individually adapted exercise programs aim to increase exercise capacity and functional performance. A retrospective analysis of cardiopulmonary exercise capacity and functional performance in LVAD patients at discharge from a cardiac rehabilitation program was conducted. The results from 68 LVAD patients (59 males, 9 females; 55.9 ± 11.7 years; 47 HVAD, 2 MVAD, 15 HeartMate II, 4 HeartMate 3, and 4 different implanting centers) were included in the analysis. Exercise capacity was assessed using a cardiopulmonary exercise test on a bicycle ergometer (ramp protocol; 10 W/min). The 6‐min walk test was used to determine functional performance. At discharge from CR (53 ± 17 days after implantation), the mean peak work load achieved was 62.2 ± 19.3 W (38% of predicted values) or 0.79 ± 0.25 W/kg body weight. The mean cardiopulmonary exercise capacity (relative peak oxygen uptake) was 10.6 ± 5.3 mL/kg/min (37% of predicted values). The 6‐min walk distance improved significantly during CR (325 ± 106 to 405 ± 77 m; P < 0.01). No adverse events were documented during CR. The results show that, even following LVAD implantation, cardiopulmonary exercise capacity remains considerably restricted. In contrast, functional performance, measured by the 6‐min walk distance, reaches an acceptable level. Light everyday tasks seem to be realistically surmountable for patients, making discharge from inpatient rehabilitation possible. Long‐term monitoring is required in order to evaluate the situation and how it develops further.
Editorial: which iron preparation for patients with IBD? Authors’ reply
Authors: Aksan A. , Işık H. , Radeke H. H. , Dignass A. , Stein J. 
Published: June 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Kennedy et al and Aksan et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14105 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14043.
Letter: HBV/HCV coinfection in the era of direct‐acting antivirals
Authors: Hsu C.‐S. , Wang P.‐C. , Li C.‐H. , Lin H. H. 
Published: June 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Londoño et al paper. To view this article visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13985.
Development of a patient and institutional‐based model for estimation of operative times for robot‐assisted radical cystectomy: results from the International Robotic Cystectomy Consortium
Authors: Hussein Ahmed A. , May Paul R. , Ahmed Youssef E. , Saar Matthias , Wijburg Carl J. , Richstone Lee , Wagner Andrew , Wilson Timothy , Yuh Bertram , Redorta Joan P. , Dasgupta Prokar , Kawa Omar , Khan Mohammad S. , Menon Mani , Peabody James O. , Hosseini Abolfazl , Gaboardi Franco , Pini Giovannalberto , Schanne Francis , Mottrie Alexandre , Rha Koon‐ho , Hemal Ashok , Stockle Michael , Kelly John , Tan Wei S. , Maatman Thomas J. , Poulakis Vassilis , Kaouk Jihad , Canda Abdullah E. , Balbay Mevlana D. , Wiklund Peter , Guru Khurshid A. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesTo design a methodology to predict operative times for robot‐assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) based on variation in institutional, patient, and disease characteristics to help in operating room scheduling and quality control.Patients and MethodsThe model included preoperative variables and therefore can be used for prediction of surgical times: institutional volume, age, gender, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, history of prior surgery and radiation, clinical stage, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, type, technique of diversion, and the extent of lymph node dissection. A conditional inference tree method was used to fit a binary decision tree predicting operative time. Permutation tests were performed to determine the variables having the strongest association with surgical time. The data were split at the value of this variable resulting in the largest difference in means for the surgical time across the split. This process was repeated recursively on the resultant data sets until the permutation tests showed no significant association with operative time.ResultsIn all, 2 134 procedures were included. The variable most strongly associated with surgical time was type of diversion, with ileal conduits being 70 min shorter (P < 0.001). Amongst patients who received neobladders, the type of lymph node dissection was also strongly associated with surgical time. Amongst ileal conduit patients, institutional surgeon volume (>66 RARCs) was important, with those with a higher volume being 55 min shorter (P < 0.001). The regression tree output was in the form of box plots that show the median and ranges of surgical times according to the patient, disease, and institutional characteristics.ConclusionWe developed a method to estimate operative times for RARC based on patient, disease, and institutional metrics that can help operating room scheduling for RARC.
Awareness and use of systematic literature reviews and meta‐analyses by ministerial policy analysts
Authors: Bédard Pierre‐Olivier , Ouimet Mathieu 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSystematic literature reviews and meta‐analyses have been promoted as important types of evidence to inform policy analysis and policy decisions. Little is known, however, about ministerial policy analysts' knowledge of this type of evidence. Drawing from a survey conducted among policy analysts (Québec), we report on the extent to which these research methods and contributions are known and used across policy sectors, and develop a socio‐professional profile of users. We conclude with recommendations for researchers and policy makers to improve the uptake of systematic reviews and meta‐analyses and to more effectively implement evidence‐informed practices.
The emergence of public‐private partnerships (P3s) in Alberta: Lessons from the Anthony Henday highway
Authors: Opara Michael , Elloumi Fathi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis article traces the emergence of public‐private partnerships (P3) in Alberta from 2003‐2016, using a case study of Edmonton's Anthony Henday highway projects. We describe how P3s emerged following dissatisfaction with the conventional delivery model, specifically with late project delivery and over‐budget performance, and the need to attract private financing arising from Alberta's fiscal deterioration beginning in 2001. We also highlight how political, policy, and organizational support were critical enablers of the emergence, acceptance and normalization of Alberta's P3 model.
Single port laparoscopic ileocaecal resection for Crohn's disease: a multicentre comparison with multi‐port laparoscopy
Authors: Carvello M. , de Groof E. J. , de Buck van Overstraeten A. , Sacchi M. , Wolthuis A. M. , Buskens C. J. , D'Hoore A. , Bemelman W. A. , Spinelli A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAimSingle port (SP) ileocaecal resection (ICR) is an established technique but there are no large studies comparing SP and multi‐port (MP) laparoscopic surgery in Crohn's disease (CD). The aim of this study was to compare postoperative pain scores and analgesia requirements after SP and MP laparoscopic ICR for CD.MethodThis was a retrospective study of patients undergoing SP or MP ICR for CD in three tertiary referral centres from February 1999 to October 2014. Baseline characteristics (age, sex, body mass index and indication for surgery) were compared. Primary end‐points were postoperative pain scores, analgesia requirements and short‐term postoperative outcomes.ResultsSP ICR (n = 101) and MP ICR (n = 156) patients were included in the study. Visual analogue scale scores were significantly lower after SP ICR on postoperative day 1 (P = 0.016) and day 2 (P = 0.04). Analgesia requirements were significantly reduced on postoperative day 2 in the SP group compared with the MP group (P = 0.007). Duration of surgery, conversion to open surgery and stoma rates were comparable between the two groups. Surgery was more complex in terms of additional procedures when MP was adopted (P = 0.001). There were no differences in postoperative complication rates, postoperative food intake, length of stay and readmissions.ConclusionThese data suggest that in comparison to standard laparoscopic surgery SP ICR might be less painful and patients might require less opioid analgesia.