bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multi‐isotope investigation of diet and subsistence amongst island and mainland populations from early medieval western Britain
Authors: Hemer Katie A. , Lamb Angela L. , Chenery Carolyn A. , Evans Jane A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectivesThis is the first investigation of dietary practices amongst multiple early medieval populations (AD 500–1000) from Wales and the Isle of Man using carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur isotope analysis. The analysis will illuminate similarities or differences between the diets and subsistence strategies of populations occupying different geographical regions, specifically those living in marginal coastal regions in comparison to inland populations well‐connected to ecclesiastical centres and high‐status settlements.Materials and MethodsOne hundred and two human skeletons were sampled for carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis, and 69 human skeletons were sampled for sulphur isotope analysis from nine cemetery sites from western Britain (Isle of Man = 3, southwest Wales = 4, southeast Wales = 2). Thirteen faunal skeletons from St Patrick's Chapel (southwest Wales) were sampled for carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur isotope analysis.ResultsHuman δ13C values range from −19.4‰ to −21.2‰ (δ13C mean=−20.4 ±0.4‰, 1σ, n = 86), and δ15N values range from 9.1‰ to 13.8‰ (δ15N mean = 10.8 ± 0.9‰, 1σ, n = 86). δ34S values range from 1.2‰ to 18.4‰ (δ34S mean = 11.6 ± 4.5‰, 1σ, n = 66). Significant differences were noted between the mean δ13C, δ15N and δ34S values according to geographic region: Isle of Man (δ13C = −20.7 ± 0.4‰, δ15N = 11.4 ±0.6‰, n = 13/86; δ34S mean = 17.1 ±0.6, n = 4/66), southwest Wales (δ13C = −20.5 ± 0.4‰, δ15N = 11.0 ±1‰, n = 32/86; δ34S = 16.1 ± 2.1, n = 21/66), and southeast Wales (δ13C =−20.3 ±0.4‰, δ15N = 10.4 ±0.7‰, n = 41/86; δ34S= 8.8 ±3‰, n = 41/66). Faunal δ13C values range from −23.1‰ to −21.2‰ (δ13C mean= −22.1 ±0.5‰, 1σ, n = 13), and δ15N values range from 6.3‰ to 9.8‰ (δ15N mean = 7.3 ± 1.1‰, 1σ, n = 13). δ34S values range from 4.7‰ to 18.4‰ (δ34S mean= 16.3 ± 3.6‰, 1σ, n = 13).ConclusionsThe data reveal a reliance on terrestrial protein, however differences are observed between the resource consumption of populations from southwest Wales and the Isle of Man in comparison to the populations from southeast Wales. Populations from the west coast have a marine sulphur signature that reflects their coastal proximity and may also include a reliance on seaweed as a fertiliser/food source. Populations in the southeast were connected to ecclesiastical centres and high‐status settlements and had access to inland‐grown produce. The data add support to the suggestion that δ34S can be used as a mobility indicator.
Paranasal sinus size is decreased in CFTR heterozygotes with chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Calton Joshua B. , Koripella Pradeep C. , Willis Amanda L. , Le Christopher H. , Chiu Alexander G. , Chang Eugene H. 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundCystic fibrosis (CF) heterozygotes with a single mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene are at significantly higher risk to develop chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However the reasons why remain unknown. We tested the hypothesis that CFTR heterozygotes would have smaller sinus volumes than healthy controls. To exclude sinus disease as a confounding factor we also assessed paranasal sinus volume in those with CRS, but without known CFTR mutations.MethodsA total of 131 adults of white Northern European and Latino origin were recruited: 81 diagnosed with CRS and 50 healthy controls. Subjects were genotyped for 9 common CFTR mutations covering >80% of mutation prevalence. Those with CRS were separated by CFTR mutational status and matched demographically to healthy controls. Three‐dimensional sinus volume, mucosal opacification, and skull volume were quantified to obtain the percentage of pneumatization and extent of mucosal disease in each sinus. Twenty‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐20) and endoscopy scores were also analyzed.ResultsIn individuals diagnosed with CRS we identified 7 CFTR heterozygotes (8.64%); no CFTR mutations were identified in our healthy controls. There were no significant differences between the 3 matched groups other than sinus pneumatization. The frontal and maxillary sinuses were significantly smaller in CFTR heterozygotes with CRS compared to CFTR wild‐type subjects with or without disease.ConclusionCFTR heterozygotes with CRS have significantly smaller frontal and maxillary sinus size compared to those without mutations, irrespective of disease state. This sinus hypoplasia may contribute to impaired mucus clearance and chronic sinus disease development.
A Germylene Stabilized by Homoconjugation
Authors: Dong Zhaowen , Reinhold Crispin R. W. , Schmidtmann Marc , Müller Thomas 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of a bicyclic germylene from the reaction of a germole dianion with hafnocene dichloride is reported. This germylene is stabilized by a homoconjugative interaction of the dicoordinated germanium atom with a remote C=C double bond. First reactivity studies revealed its nucleophilic character and resulted in the synthesis of bimetallic hafnium/iron and hafnium/tungsten complexes with a germylene group linker.
Preparation of a functional reduced graphene oxide and carbon nanotube hybrid and its reinforcement effects on the properties of polyimide composites
Authors: Ma Lang , Wang Guojian , Dai Jinfeng 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTThe homogeneous dispersion and strong interfacial interactions of carbon nanomaterials are vital factors on enhancing the properties of polymer composites. Two‐dimensional reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and one‐dimensional carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were first grafted by 4,4′‐oxydianiline (ODA). The successful grafting of ODA onto the rGO and CNTs were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The hybrid carbon nanomaterials of the functionalized CNTs and rGO with different ratios were prepared via a solution‐mixing method, and their dispersion state was investigated. The hybrid carbon nanomaterials with good stability were introduced to polyimide (PI) via in situ polymerization. The morphology and properties of the polymer composites were studied. The results show that much better mechanical and electrical properties of the composites could be achieved in comparison with those of the neat PI. An improvement of 100.7% on the tensile strength and eight orders for the electrical conductivity were achieved at only a 1.0 wt % hybrid content. A significant enhancement effect was attributed to the homogeneous dispersion of the filler, filler–matrix strong interfacial interactions, and unique structure of the hybrid carbon nanomaterials in the composites. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44575.
Analysis of ribosomal inter‐subunit sites as targets for complementary oligonucleotides
Authors: Thoduka Sapna G. , Zaleski Paul A. , Dąbrowska Zofia , Równicki Marcin , Stróżecka Joanna , Górska Anna , Olejniczak Mikołaj , Trylska Joanna 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe bacterial ribosome has many functional ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sites. We have computationally analyzed the rRNA regions involved in the interactions between the 30S and 50S subunits. Various properties of rRNA such as solvent accessibility, opening energy, hydrogen bonding pattern, van der Waals energy, thermodynamic stability were determined. Based on these properties we selected rRNA targets for hybridization with complementary 2′‐O‐methyl oligoribonucleotides (2′‐OMe RNAs). Further, the inhibition efficiencies of the designed ribosome‐interfering 2′‐OMe RNAs were tested using a β‐galactosidase assay in a translation system based on the E. coli extract. Several of the oligonucleotides displayed IC50 values below 1 μM, which were in a similar range as those determined for known ribosome inhibitors, tetracycline and pactamycin. The calculated opening and van der Waals stacking energies of the rRNA targets correlated best with the inhibitory efficiencies of 2′‐OMe RNAs. Moreover, the binding affinities of several oligonucleotides to both 70S ribosomes and isolated 30S and 50S subunits were measured using a double‐filter retention assay. Further, we applied heat‐shock chemical transformation to introduce 2′‐OMe RNAs to E. coli cells and verify inhibition of bacterial growth. We observed high correlation between IC50 in the cell‐free extract and bacterial growth inhibition. Overall, the results suggest that the computational analysis of potential rRNA targets within the conformationally dynamic regions of inter‐subunit bridges can help design efficient antisense oligomers to probe the ribosome function.
Cholestyramine as a promising, strong anion exchange resin for direct capture of genetic biomarkers from raw pancreatic fluids
Authors: Hilmer Andrew J. , Jeffrey R. Brooke , Park Walter G. , Khosla Chaitan 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTThe ability to capture cell‐free DNA from the gastrointestinal tract, in a minimally invasive manner, could enhance our ability to diagnose gastrointestinal disease, or gain a better understanding of the spatial mapping of the intestinal microbiota. We, therefore, sought to identify a class of capture agents that could directly and efficiently sequester genetic material from intestinal fluids. As a particular case study, we examined the ability to capture DNA from pancreatic secretions, for potential application in enabling the sequestration of early, genetic biomarkers of pancreatic disease. We hypothesized that the cholestyramine series of strong cation exchange resins, which are FDA approved for the treatment of high cholesterol, may be capable of capturing DNA from pancreatic secretions. We identified a particular cholestyramine resin, DOWEX 1 × 2 100–200 mesh, which is able to efficiently capture and purify DNA from pancreatic fluid. Using only 200 μL of pancreatic secretions, we are able to recover 247 ± 182 ng of amplifiable human DNA, giving an estimated pancreatic fluid DNA content of 1.23 ± 0.91 ng/μL. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a material that can effectively capture and purify DNA directly from untreated pancreatic fluids. Thus, our approach could hold high utility for the in vivo capture of DNA and disease biomarkers if incorporated into an appropriate sampling device. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 934–938. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
K‐BILDS: A Kinase Substrate Discovery Tool
Authors: Embogama D. Maheeka , Pflum Mary Kay H. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractKinases catalyze protein phosphorylation to regulate cell signaling events. However, identifying kinase substrates is challenging due to the often low abundance and dynamic nature of protein phosphorylation. Development of novel techniques to identify kinase substrates is necessary. Here, we report kinase‐catalyzed biotinylation with inactivated lysates for discovery of substrates (K‐BILDS) as a tool to identify direct substrates of a kinase. As a proof of concept, K‐BILDS was applied to cAMP‐dependent protein kinase A (PKA) with HeLa cell lysates. Subsequent enrichment and MS/MS analysis identified 279 candidate PKA substrates, including 56 previously known PKA substrates. Of the candidate substrates, nuclear autoantigenic sperm protein (NASP), BCL2‐associated athanogene 3 (BAG3), and 14‐3‐3 protein Tau (YWHAQ) were validated as novel PKA substrates. K‐BILDS provides a valuable tool to identify direct substrates of any protein kinase.
Come one, come all…the sooner the better!
Authors: Sharma Rahul , Henry Timothy D. 
Published: November 2016

Key Points

This study demonstrates improved clinical outcomes with reduced D2B times in an “all‐comers no exclusion” population.
Implementation of systematic, hospital wide protocols to reduce D2B times consistently across a heterogeneous population may improve clinical outcomes and reduce costs.
These results should encourage registry reporting “without exclusions” and inclusion of challenging subgroups such as in‐hospital STEMI, transfer patients, and cardiac arrest.
Thrombus aspiration: Suck it up and keep looking for a niche
Authors: Blankenship James C. 
Published: November 2016

Key Points

Thrombus aspiration in acute coronary syndrome PCI decreased angiographic stenosis and decreased IVUS‐assessed volume of lesions. Decrease in culprit lesion volume correlated with better stent expansion.
This non‐randomized single‐center study demonstrated feasibility of thrombus aspiration pre‐PCI in ACS patients, but did not prove superiority to other methods of lesion preparation such as balloon pre‐dilatation. It is unlikely to be adopted into routine practice based on this study.
Randomized studies large enough to compare clinical outcomes (e.g., stroke and death) would be necessary to prove the efficacy of thrombus aspiration in ACS patients.
Routine invasive evaluation in non ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI‐ACS): Optimizing best
Authors: Sarraf Mohammad , Hillegass William 
Published: November 2016

Key Points

A routine invasive management strategy meaningfully reduces major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) compared to a selective invasive strategy in non‐ST elevation myocardial infarction–acute coronary syndrome (NSTEMI‐ACS) patients in the stent and dual anti‐platelet therapy era.
Subsequent improvements in stents, antiplatelet therapy, and the radial approach likely enhance the benefit of routine invasive management in NSTEMI‐ACS patients.
While routine invasive evaluation is the best general strategy for eligible NSTEMI‐ACS patients stabilized with initial medical therapy, further study to refine individual patient risk/benefit prediction and ideal timing provides a necessary pathway to fully optimize the benefits of invasive management
Experience of Mowat–Wilson syndrome prenatal diagnosis for a Chinese family
Authors: Jiang Qian , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Ma Yinan , Li Qi , Zheng Chunhua , Yan Yuchun , Zhang Zhen , Xiao Ping , Su Lin , Cheng Wei , Pan Hong , Li Long 
Published: November 2016

Key Clinical MessageMowat–Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a complex developmental disorder. We report the first prenatal diagnosis provided for a family in mainland China after identifying the causal mutation for the proband. Special focus on MWS‐related organs during prenatal ultrasound scan is described which is extremely important for genetic counseling of parents.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of the Pt‐Based Superconductor LaPt5As.
Authors: Fujioka Masaya , et al.  
Published: November 2016

AbstractLaPt5As is prepared by hot press sintering of pre‐sintered (500 °C, 10 h) stoichiometric mixtures of the elements (Kawai‐type apparatus, 1000 °C, 4—15 GPa, 1 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Phase Formation in Molten System (Na/K)2O‐TiO2‐P2O5. Crystal Structures of NASICON and Langbeinite‐Related Phosphates (K/Na)1+xTi2(PO4)3(x = 0 and 0.357).
Authors: Strutynska Nataliia , Bondarenko Marina , Slobodyanik Nikolay , Baumer Vyacheslav , Zatovsky Igor , Bychkov Kostyantin , Puzan Anna 
Published: November 2016

AbstractCrystallization within the high temperature self‐flux system Na2O—K2O—TiO2—P2 O5 is investigated over the temp.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Nonlinear Optical Silicate Carbonate K2Ca[Si2O5](CO3) with a Hybrid Structure of Kalsilite and Soda‐Like Layered Fragments.
Authors: Belokoneva Elena L. , Stefanovich Sergey Yu. , Volkov Anatoly S. , Dimitrova Olga V. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSingle crystals of K2Ca[Si2O5](CO3) are prepared by hydrothermal treatment of a 3:1:2:1 molar mixture of K2CO3, CaO, SiO2, and B2O3 (autoclave, 270—290 °C, 70—100 atm, 18—20 d).
ChemInform Abstract: The First Catalytic Asymmetric Cycloadditions of Imines with an Enolizable Anhydride.
Authors: Cronin Sarah A. , Gutierrez Collar Aaron , Gundala Sivaji , Cornaggia Claudio , Torrente Esther , Manoni Francesco , Botte Astrid , Twamley Brendan , Connon Stephen J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAn enantioselective cyclization of N‐mesyl aldimines with homophthalic anhydride gives 3,4‐dihydroisoquinolin‐1‐ones.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Sequential Asymmetric Hydrogenation of β‐Aryl‐β‐aryloxy Acroleins.
Authors: Liu Yufeng , Chen Jianzhong , Zhang Zhenfeng , Qin Jian , Zhao Min , Zhang Wanbin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA one‐pot sequential asymmetric hydrogenation of β‐aryl β‐aryloxy propenals provides chiral β‐(aryloxy)benzenepropanols with excellent yields and good enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Intramolecular C—H Insertion of Donor and Donor/Donor Carbenes by a Nondiazo Approach.
Authors: Zhu Dong , Ma Jun , Luo Kui , Fu Hongguang , Zhang Li , Zhu Shifa 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe enantioselective intramolecular C—H insertion and cyclopropanation reactions of donor‐ and donor/donor‐carbenes by a nondiazo approach are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel(II)‐Mediated Regioselective C—H Monoiodination of Arenes and Heteroarenes by Using Molecular Iodine.
Authors: Khan Bhuttu , Kant Ruchir , Koley Dipankar 
Published: November 2016

AbstractVarious arenes bearing a range of functional groups, some heteroarenes and cyclohexene derivative (IX) are transformed to the desired compounds bearing the iodine substituent ortho to the benzamide part.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Chemo‐ and Enantioselective C—O Bond Cleavage of α‐Acyloxy Ketones by Hydrogenolysis.
Authors: Chen Jianzhong , Zhang Zhenfeng , Liu Delong , Zhang Wanbin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA chemoselective C—O bond cleavage of the ester alkyl side‐chain of α‐acyloxy ketones is realized for the first time by a highly efficient palladium‐catalyzed hydrogenolysis (S/C=6000, the highest catalytic efficiency by far).
ChemInform Abstract: A Synthesis of Spirofuran‐Indenoquinoxalines via Isocyanid‐Based One‐Pot Four‐Component Reaction.
Authors: Sabouri Nahid , Mahdavinia Gholam Hossein , Notash Behrouz 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared in excellent yields by multicomponent reaction of ninhydrin, benzenediamines, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates, and isocyanides.
ChemInform Abstract: Expedient Synthesis of Substituted Benzoheterocycles Using 2‐Butoxy‐2,3‐dihydrofurans as [4 + 2] Benzannulation Reagents.
Authors: Liu Changhui , Huang Wenbo , Wang Man , Pan Bin , Gu Yanlong 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA series of substituted title furans is treated with pyrroles or indoles under catalytic conditions to produce indole or carbazole derivatives, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible Light Amination/Smiles Cascade: Access to Phthalazine Derivatives.
Authors: Brachet Etienne , Marzo Leyre , Selkti Mohamed , Koenig Burkhard , Belmont Philippe 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of a wide range of functionalized phthalazine derivatives from sulfonylhydrazone precursors under mild photoredox conditions is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Neopeapyran, an Unusual Furo[2,3b]pyran Analogue and Turnagainolide C from a Soil Streptomyces sp. S2236.
Authors: Zhou Hao , Yang Ya‐Bin , Duan Rong‐Ting , Yang Xue‐Qiong , Zhang Ju‐Cheng , Xie Xiao‐Guang , Zhao Li‐Xing , Ding Zhong‐Tao 
Published: November 2016

AbstractCompound (II) exhibits moderate antibacterial activities against C.
Mental distress and health care use among survivors of adolescent and young adult cancer: A cross‐sectional analysis of the National Health Interview Survey
Authors: Kaul Sapna , Avila Jaqueline C. , Mutambudzi Miriam , Russell Heidi , Kirchhoff Anne C. , Schwartz Cindy L. 
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUNDThe current study was conducted to examine the prevalence and correlates of mental distress among survivors of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer and a comparison group.METHODSA total of 875 AYA cancer survivors who were diagnosed between the ages of 15 and 39 years and who were at least 5 years from their initial diagnosis were identified from the 2013 and 2014 National Health Interview Surveys. A comparison group was created. The Kessler nonspecific mental/psychological distress scale was used to examine none/low, moderate, and severe distress. The issues of whether individuals talked to mental health professionals within the previous year and if they could afford mental health care also were examined. Variables (ie, demographics, behavioral [eg, smoking status], comorbidity, and mental health visits) associated with distress among the 2 groups were identified using multinomial logistic regressions.RESULTSSurvivors reported mental distress more often than the comparison group (moderate: 23.2% vs 16.9%; and severe: 8.4% vs 3.0% [P<.001]). Survivors cited not being able to afford mental health care more often (6.4% vs 2.3%; P = .002). Moreover, 74.7% and 52.2% of survivors, respectively, with moderate and severe distress had not talked to a mental health professional. Contrary to the comparison group, survivors who were current smokers reported severe distress more often compared with nonsmokers (relative risk, 3.59; 95% confidence interval, 1.46‐8.84 [P = .01]). Having public and no insurance versus private insurance and report of sleep‐related trouble within the previous week were found to be associated with greater distress among survivors.CONCLUSIONSAYA cancer survivors are more likely to demonstrate mental distress than individuals without cancer. Nevertheless, few survivors may be receiving professional mental health services. Survivors need greater access to mental health screening and counseling to address the current gaps in care delivery. Cancer 2017;123:869–78. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Intelligent Approach to Solvent Substitution: The Identification of a New Class of Levoglucosenone Derivatives
Authors: Alves Costa Pacheco Ana , Sherwood James , Zhenova Anna , McElroy Con R. , Hunt Andrew J. , Parker Helen L. , Farmer Thomas J. , Constantinou Andri , De bruyn Mario , Whitwood Adrian C. , Raverty Warwick , Clark James H. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWith the increasing restriction and control of hazardous solvents, safer alternatives need to be identified. Here a contemporary approach to solvent selection and substitution is presented that offers a more scientific alternative to the simple “like‐for‐like” exchange. A new family of levoglucosenonederived compounds is proposed, modeled to determine their solvent properties, synthesized, and tested. These new molecules show promise as replacements for polar aprotic solvents that have chronic toxicity issues, such as dichloromethane, nitrobenzene, and N‐methylpyrrolidinone. The success of this approach makes it possible for academia and industry to make calculated, intelligent choices for solvent substitution in the future.
Objective Evaluation of Subjective Complexity by Change in Oxygenated Hemoglobin Concentration and Hemodynamics
Authors: BANDO SHIZUKA , NOZAWA AKIO , MATSUYA YASUYUKI 
Published: November 2016

SUMMARYThe objective of this study is to objectively evaluate the subjective complexity by change in oxygenated hemoglobin and hemodynamics for the developing the relief method of stress based on improving preference by subjective complexity. The change in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (ΔoxyHb) and hemodynamic parameters as physiological indices and psychological intensity as psychological indices were measured when performing the four auditory stimuli repeatedly. As a result, comfort and subjective complexity indicated the inverted “U” shape function. The tendency of the correlation between ΔoxyHb and subjective complexity was categorized into three main types. Significant differences of stress coping were found by hemodynamics. It was clarified the physiological responses to subjective complexity were assessable objectively.