bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SERUM MAGNESIUM LEVEL IN CHILDREN WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN DUHOK CITY
Authors: Al-Mezori Azad , Atrushi Akrem 
Published: August 2017

Background
Asthma is an increasingly common disease over the last century. It is caused by chronic inflammation of lung airways with increased airway responsiveness and airflow obstruction. Magnesium is the fourth most common cation in the body and the major intracellular divalent cation. Mg+2 in extracellular fluid is crucial for normal neuromuscular activities. Magnesium deficiency is associated with increased contractility of smooth muscle cells including bronchiolar resulting in bronchospasm.
Objectives
To detect the prevalence of hypomagnesemia among asthmatic children and to find out any significant correlation of hypomagnesemia with asthma in children.
Patients and Methods
A case control study conducted in Duhok, North of Iraq in the period between January the 1st 2014 and January the 1st 2015. One hundred asthmatic patients aged between 1 and 15 years were examined. All patients had acute asthmatic attacks with features of respiratory distress for which they were admitted to Heevi Pediatric Teaching Hospital. Those with fever, dehydration, localized wheezing, pneumonia, cardiac, renal, or hepatic dysfunction were excluded. They were all studied in terms of age, gender, duration of asthma, drugs used for treatment, severity of asthma and the patients’ growth as measured by Body Mass index. Control group included 100 children who were healthy non asthmatic and visited the hospital with their parents. Samples of blood were taken to measure serum magnesium level.Statistical analysis were performed by using the SPSS 19 where P<0.05 is significant.
Results
The mean serum magnesium in patients group was 1.91± 0.33 mg/dl while in the control group it was 2.03± 0.33 mg/dl. Serum magnesium levels were lower in the asthmatic patients than controls P= 0.01. Male gender predominated in both groups (68% , 61%) and the most common age among cases was 1- < 3 years and controls 5- <10 years. Serum magnesium level indirectly correlated with duration of asthma but not significantly (P=0.1). Serum magnesium level was not significantly related to body mass index P=0.3.Serum magnesium level decreased with increasing severity of asthma symptoms P= 0.05. Serum level is slightly lower in asthmatics on steroids and bronchodilators than those who were not P=0.7, P=0.9 respectively.
Conclusion
Serum magnesium level is significantly lower in asthmatic children as compared to the control group. Serum Mg+2 level decreases as the duration of asthma is longer but not significantly. There is an inverse relation between serum Mg+2 and the severity of asthma. No significant change in serum Mg+2 develops when steroids and bronchodilators are used.
SEPTOPLASTY VERSUS SEPTOPLASTY WITH MINIMAL NASAL VALVE REPAIR
Authors: Said Said 
Published: August 2017

Background
Nasal obstruction is a highly prevalent problem in that can negatively affect quality of life. One of the common causes of nasal obstructions a deviated septum. In the presence of such nasal obstruction, nasal septoplasty and Minimal Nasal Valve Surgery procedures can improve the nasal airway and nasal scale score. Septoplasty procedure alone use commonly to overcome this nasal obstruction.
Objective
To compare the effectiveness of combination of septoplasty with minimal nasal valve surgery versus the septoplasty alone in the treatment of nasal obstruction and improving the nasal scale score.
Patients and Methods
This is a comparative prospective study conducted at tertiary center and private hospital from Nov. 2014 to June 2016. The study included 60 patients suffering from nasal obstruction for more than 6 months. The patients were selected for the type of surgery randomly. Following rigid nasal endoscopy of the nose and valve area to exclude other pathologies, assessment of nasal obstruction 1 week before surgery was done according to Nasal Obstruction Symptoms Evaluation (NOSE) Scale. The patients were divided into two groups according to the type of surgery. Group A: Septoplasty with minimal nasal valve repair. Group B: Septoplasty alone.
Results
Significant improvement in the treatment of nasal obstruction was achieved in group A with mean Nasal scores of [14.43] preoperatively and [4.20] 3 months postoperatively.No significant difference in the nasal score in early post-operative time in both groups. P value found significant in both group regarding the improvement in the airway breathing and overcoming the nasal obstructions in mean of nasal score in both groups A and B in two main period. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding local nasal pain by VAS , P value were non-significant. here was no significant differenc regarding the bleeding in both groups A and B after removal of the silastic intranasal splintafter oneweek. No significant difference regarding crustation in both Groups.
Conclusion
Both groups in this study had good outcome in treating nasal obstruction and nasal scale with the superiority of the group A in long term after 3 months.
THE EFFICACY OF THE STANDARD TRIPLE ANTI HELICOBACTER PYLORI THERAPY IN ENDOSCOPY–PROVEN DUODENAL AND GASTRIC ULCERS
Authors: Al-Sheikhani Mohammad , Saida Bnar 
Published: August 2017

Background
Helicobacter pylori infection has a high global prevalence and carries a significant disease burden. For more than 10 years now, the recommended therapy worldwide for eradication has been a standard triple therapy with amoxicillin, clarithromycine and a proton pump inhibitor. The success of this therapy has been declined in the recent years due to many factors.
Objectives
To determine the efficacy of the current standard triple anti-Helicobacter pylori treatment in Slemani.
Patients and Methods
This is a prospective study enrolling 62 patients carried out at Shar teaching hospital endoscopy department during a period from January 2015 through January 2016. Patients with gastric and duodenal ulcer underwent biopsy taken from body and antrum of their stomach (one sample from each part), along with stool samples for monoclonal stool antigen testing. They were subjected to standard triple therapy for 2 weeks. After 4 weeks of completion of the treatment they underwent stool antigen test to confirm the eradication.
Results
The eradication rate was 58%. Male gender, smoking, diabetes and non-steroidal anti inflammatory dug use had reduced chance of cure.
Conclusion
The eradication rate was low in our locality for the standard triple therapy. Possibly due to many factors, including rising numbers of antibiotic resistance, smoking, poor compliance and comorbidities like diabetes mellitus.
An Evaluation of the Impact of “Learning Design” on the Distance Learning and Teaching Experience
Authors: Clifton Grace 
Published: August 2017

<p class="3">This paper evaluates the implementation of Learning Design on the production of a core FHEQ level 6 (QAA, 2008)<a title="" href="#_ftn1">[1]</a> unit of study at a UK distance learning institution. By comparing student (n=656) and tutor (n=42) survey data with questionnaire responses (n=9) from the unit of study’s core production team, this paper assesses the impact of incorporating the Open University Learning Design Initiative (OULDI) methodology into curriculum production by looking specifically at barriers and facilitators in the application of Learning Design and its impact on module development, delivery, and the resulting student and tutor learning experience. With a focus on developing and embedding Learning Design into the curriculum planning and production process, the paper explores how lessons learned from this experience have helped to guide and inform the future implementation of Learning Design into module and qualification level frameworks. </p><div><br clear="all" /><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /><div><p><a title="" href="#_ftnref1">[1]</a> Frameworks for Higher Education Qualifications in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, produced by the Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (2008) – this framework provides a reference point for all Higher Education providers for the setting and assessing of academic standards.</p></div></div>
Dirichlet series and analytical solutions of MHD viscous flow with suction / blowing
Authors: Awati Vishwanath B. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
This paper presents Dirichlet series and approximate analytical solutions of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow due to a suction / blowing caused by boundary layer of an incompressible viscous flow. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations of momentum equations are reduced into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODE) by using a classical similarity transformation along with appropriate boundary conditions. Both nonlinearity and infinite interval demand novel mathematical tools for their analysis. We use elegant fast converging Dirichlet series and approximate analytical solutions (method of stretching of variables) of these nonlinear differential equations. These methods have advantages over pure numerical methods for obtaining derived quantities accurately for various values of the parameters involved at a stretch and also they are valid in much larger parameter domains as compared with DTM-Padé and classical numerical schemes.
SCREENING OF TOXIC MARINE NITZSCHIA SPECIES (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE) IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Su Nyun Pau Suriyanti , Nasir Dzulhelmi Muhammad , Usup Gires 
Published: August 2017

<p>Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP) is a type of intoxication caused by the neurotoxin domoic acid (DA). The diatom genus <em>Nitzschia</em> is capable of producing this toxin. Screening for the presence of toxic <em>Nitzschia</em> spp. was carried out at various estuaries in Malaysia. <em>Nitzschia</em>-like cells were isolated and established into clonal cultures. Late stationary phase of cultures were harvested and tested for toxin production using HPLC. Toxin production and compound was verified by LC-MS. From the analyses, at least three cultures were detected with DA, while the rest of the cultures did not show detectable amounts of DA. The localities of the toxic species are Johor and Sabah. Here we conclude that toxic <em>Nitzschia</em> species are present in Malaysian water.</p><p>Keywords: diatom, estuary, intoxication, safety, toxic </p>
Simulated identification on dynamic characteristics of large heavy-load bearing
Authors: Ouyang Wu , Peng Lin , Chen Runlin , Yuan Xiaoyang 
Published: August 2017

It’s difficult to test repeatedly for large heavy-load bearings (LHLBs) with full-scale and real load due to complexity and costliness, so simulated identification on dynamic characteristics of 1750 MW nuclear generator bearing with diameter 800 mm and specific pressure 3.3 MPa is provided in this paper. The identification model of bearing dynamic characteristic is established, the calculating method of positive and negative dynamic problems is provided, and effects of signal disturbances on identification precision are analyzed. The results show that the LHLBs’ permitted displacement disturbance should not be over 5 μm and the permitted ratio of dynamic load and static load is about 1 %-2 %, which is different from common knowledge of 15 %-20 % for small light-load bearings. If identification error of the main stiffness and main damping coefficients is less than 5 %, the amplitude of periodical disturbance of the dynamic load and displacement signals should be less than 5 %. If identification error of the main damping coefficients is less than 10 %, the phase of these two signals should be less than 1°. The roundness error and rotation error of the large shaft should be eliminated.
Evaluation of an environmentally sustainable UV-assisted water treatment system for the removal of Bacillus globigii spores in water
Authors: Silva R. G. , Szabo J. , Namboodiri V. , Krishnan E. R. , Rodriguez J. , Zeigler A. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Development of greener water treatment technologies is important for the production of safe drinking water and water security applications, such as decontamination. Chlorine assisted disinfection is common and economical, but can generate disinfection byproducts (DBPs) that may be of health concern. DBPs are formed due to the reaction of chlorine with naturally occurring organic and inorganic substances in water. Currently, various innovative technologies are being developed as alternative approaches for preventing DBPs during water treatment. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a novel combination of high efficiency flow filtration and UV disinfection treatment system for the removal of Bacillus globigii (B. globigii) spores in water. The filtration system consists of a charged membrane filter (CMF) that not only helps to remove suspended particles but also reduces the impact of other impurities including bio organisms. In order to get most performance details, the CMF was evaluated at clean, half-life, and end of life (EOL) conditions along with 100% UV transmittance (UVT). In addition, the effectiveness of the UV system was evaluated as a stand alone system at 100% and 70% EOL intensity. The study was conducted at the US EPA's Test and Evaluation (T&E) Facility in Cincinnati, OH, using B. globigii, a surrogate for B. anthracis spores. This non-chemical environmentally-friendly CMF/UV combination system and the stand alone UV unit showed greater than 6.0 log removal of B. globigii during the tests.
Constructed wetlands for improving stormwater quality and health of urban lakes
Authors: Natarajan Sai Kiran , Hagare Dharmappa , Maheshwari Basant 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Urban lakes and wetlands are being more commonly used for the purpose of storing and treating stormwater. In some instances, a combination of both constructed wetlands and lakes are designed to further improve the efficiency of the system. The main aim of this paper is to compare the water quality between two urban stormwater lakes. A standalone lake system and a combined wetland/lake system were monitored for water quality. The results indicate that an integrated wetland and urban lake performs better than the urban lake alone. The improved performance was particularly significant in terms of physical parameters such as turbidity, suspended solids, total solids (TS) and nutrients (particularly nitrogen). The significance of the wetland in the integrated system is highlighted as it helped, on an average, to reduce the concentration of TS, ammonium and phosphate by 50%, 62% and 53%, respectively.
Assessment on inflow and infiltration in sewerage systems of Kuantan, Pahang
Authors: Yap Hiew Thong , Ngien Su Kong 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Inflow and infiltration are important aspects of sewerage systems that need to be considered during the design stage and constantly monitored once the sewerage system is in operation. The aim of this research is to analyse the relationship of rainfall as well as inflow infiltration with sewage flow patterns through data collected from fieldwork. Three sewer pipelines were selected at the residential areas of Taman Lepar Hilir Saujana, Bandar Putra and Kota Sas for data collection. Sewage flow data were collected in terms of flowrate, velocity and depth of flow using flowmeters with ultrasonic sensors that utilize the continuous Doppler effect in the sewer pipelines, while rainfall intensity data were collected using rain gauges installed at the study locations. Based on the result, the average infiltration rates of Qpeak and Qave for the locations were 17% and 21%, which exceeded the respective values of 5% and 10% stated in Hammer and Hammer. The flowrate of wastewater in the sewer pipelines was found to be directly proportional to rainfall. These findings indicate that the sewer pipelines in the study areas may have been affected by capacity reduction, whereas the sewerage treatment plants receiving the wastewater influent may have been overloaded.
Non-Japanese Asian Female English Teachers Speak Out: Dismantling White Privilege in Japan
Authors: Kim Margaret , Lee Nancy Shzh-chen 
Published: August 2017

<p><em>Issues surrounding white privilege have been in continuous debate. In Japan, the subject of white privilege is also not straightforward. Past research has been conducted about white privileged males in Japanese universities. We decided to take a different standpoint and examine the presence of white privilege in Japan through the alternative voices of non-Japanese Asian female university English teachers. By interviewing and analyzing their experiences and identities, we were able to examine incidences of white privilege that happened and influenced their lives as non-Japanese Asian female English teachers in Japan. We hope that our work generates interest and attention to the current gender and racial imbalance of native-speaker university English teachers in Japan—an issue that directly or indirectly relates to all students, teachers, administrators and policy makers.</em></p><p> </p>
Gêneros jornalísticos na escola
Authors: Deon Robson 
Published: August 2017

Este trabalho objetiva discutir e expor uma experiência realizada através do PIBID de Linguística foi pautada sobre um projeto de estudo, compreensão e produção de textos do gênero jornalístico na escola. Os teóricos usados neste artigo, que fundamentaram a teoria e a prática do projeto na escola, são principalmente Bakhtin (2011), com sua concepção de linguagem e postulações sobre gêneros, Geraldi (1990; 2012), adotado aqui principalmente pela sua metodologia, que se subdivide em três etapas: a) Leitura e interpretação; b) Produção textual contextualizada; c) Análise Linguística. Como resultado, os alunos interpretaram, apreenderam e produziram novas modalidades de texto de modo eficaz.
Situación fiscal del departamento de Santander en el marco del proceso de descentralización fiscal en Colombia, 2000-2013
Authors: Asela-Molina Jorge Enrique 
Published: August 2017

Este documento presenta el proceso de descentralización en Colombia desde su plano fiscal, a través del marco normativo que lo comprende y cómo es su relación con las finanzas públicas del departamento de Santander, esto mediante la identificación de la situación fiscal del departamento en el periodo 2000-2013. La reflexión se genera tomando como base los ingresos y gastos presupuestales del departamento y los indicadores de esfuerzo fiscal, dependencia intergubernamental y autonomía fiscal departamental, indicadores planteados por el Departamento Nacional de Planeación (DNP), que dejan ver la falta de autonomía financiera y el grado de dependencia de los recursos provenientes del Sistema General de Participación (SGP) y de regalías
Can Secure Patient-Provider Messaging Improve Diabetes Care?
Authors: Chung Sukyung , Panattoni Laura , Chi Jeffrey , Palaniappan Latha 
Published: August 2017

OBJECTIVE
Internet-based secure messaging between patients and providers through a patient portal is now common in the practice of modern medicine. There is limited evidence on how messaging is associated with use and clinical quality measures among patients with type 2 diabetes. We examine whether messaging with physicians for medical advice is associated with fewer face-to-face visits and better diabetes management.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Patients with diabetes who were enrolled in an online portal of an outpatient health care organization in 2011–2014 were studied (N = 37,762 patient-years). Messages from/to primary care physicians or diabetes-related specialists for medical advice were considered. We estimated the association of messaging with diabetes quality measures, adjusting for patient and provider characteristics and patient-level clustering.

RESULTS
Most patients (72%) used messaging, and those who made frequent visits were also more likely to message. Given visit frequency, no (vs. any) messaging was negatively associated with the likelihood of meeting an HbA1c target of &lt;8% (64 mmol/mol) (odds ratio [OR] 0.83 [95% CI 0.77, 0.90]). Among message users, additional messages (vs. 1) were associated with better outcome (two more messages: OR 1.17 [95% CI 1.06, 1.28]; three more messages: 1.38 [1.25, 1.53]; four more messages: 1.55 [1.43, 1.69]). The relationship was stronger for noninsulin users. Message frequency was also positively associated, but to a smaller extent, with process measures (e.g., eye examination). Physician-initiated messages had effects similar to those for patient-initiated messages.

CONCLUSIONS
Patients with diabetes frequently used secure messaging for medical advice in addition to routine visits to care providers. Messaging was positively associated with better diabetes management in a large community outpatient practice.
KAJIAN PENGEMBANGAN PEMBELAJARAN MODEL AKTIF KNOWLEDGE SHARING DAN TEAM ASISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION DALAM MENDUKUNG ANDRAGOGI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SMA DI PROPINSI RIAU
Authors: M. Nuh Zulkifli , Thahir Musa , Marzuqo Khusnal 
Published: August 2017

Pemanfatan terhadap teknologi internet untuk pembelajaran di Indonesia sudah dimulai pada tahun 1996. Kondisi tersebut, kemudian disikapi oleh Direktorat Jenderal Manajemen Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah (Ditjen Mandikdasmen) Departemen Pendidikan Nasional (Depdiknas) dengan menerapkan proses belajar mengajar berbasis teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK) kepada siswa SMP. Bahkan pada tahun 2009 telah tersambung 18000 sambungan internet tercapai pada 27 Desember 2009. Akan tetapi, berdasarkan hasil penelitian Heru Suhartanto pada tahun 2009 pada sekolah-sekolah di Provinsi Riau, bahwa perkembangan Learning Management System (misalnya Moodle) dan situs tersebut mempunyai lebih dari sepuluh mata pelajaran yang dipraktekkan namun hanya ada satu sekolah yang memanfaatkan perkembangan tersebut.
IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM APLIKASI MAPLE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA PADA PERKULIAHAN KALKULUS INTEGRAL
Authors: Suhandri Suhandri 
Published: August 2017

Kalkulus merupakan salah satu pelajaran yang sulit bagi mahasiswa, membuat para pengajar berusaha membuat terobosan baru dalam proses mentransfer ilmu dikelas, salah satunya adalah memanfaatkan teknologi komputasi dengan menggunakan software Maple sebagai upaya meningkatkan Prestasi dan motivasi belajar mahasiswa. Suatu penelitian eksperimen dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruh pembelajaran kalkulus integral dengan menggunakan teknologi komputer program aplikasi Maple. Subyek dari penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa pendidikan matematika semester dua. Dua kelas dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik sampling untuk dijadikan kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari tes matematika untuk menunjukkan prestasi belajar yang berisi soal-soal kalkulus integral dan angket skala sikap motivasi belajar. Dari hasil analisis data secara statistik pada tingkat signifikansi α = 0,05, ditemukan bahwa pencapaian prestasi belajar mahasiswa kelas eksperimen yang diberikan perlakuan dengan menggunakan bantuan program aplikasi Maple lebih baik secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan pencapaian siswa kelas kontrol, yaitu kelas yang diajar dengan metode klasikal. Berdasarkan jawaban-jawaban dari angket sikap mahasiswa, ternyata mahasiswa termotivasi dan memberikan sikap positif terhadap pembelajaran dengan menggunakan program aplikasi Maple.keywords : program maple, prestasi dan motivasi belajar.