bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavior of external and internal load in the exercise training of elderly people with cardiovascular risk factors
Authors: Delevatti Rodrigo Sudatti , Danielevicz Angelica , Juchem Gabriel , Duzzioni Maria Eduarda , Moraes Janara A. , Heberle Isabel , Gerage Aline Mendes 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Few studies evaluate the behavior of training loads in clinical populations. Purpose: Analyze the behavior of external and internal load in combined progressive training (aerobic and strength), for nine weeks, in elderly of both sexes with cardiometabolic risk factors, participants in a Cardiorespiratory Rehabilitation Program.
Methods: The program were composed of strong and moderate sessions, divided into three mesocycles composed of three microcycles. Parameters of external load (push-up and squat repetitions and distance covered) and internal load (RPE session) were collected. Data were analyzed using Student's t test for paired samples and one-way analysis of variance, with Tukey's post-hoc. The significance level adopted was 5%.
Results: 31 participants (67.5 ± 5.53 years) were evaluated. Strong sessions presented greater external load (p < 0.001) than moderate sessions. Microcycles 3 had a higher number of squat repetitions than microcycles 1 (p = 0.030). Mesocycle 3 showed higher values in the two external load repetition variables (push-up, p = 0.001; squat, p < 0.001). The last strong session showed an increase in external load (push-up repetitions, p < 0.001; squat repetitions, p < 0.001; distance covered, p = 0.001) in relation to the first strong session.
Conclusion: There was maintenance or decrease of the internal load and increase of the external training load, which demonstrates the effectiveness of training program in the adaptation and improvement of the physical capacity of trained elderly with cardiometabolic risk factors, being possible for the trainer to check the progression of his students' training.
Clinical outcome of heart transplantation in children and young adults with congenital and acquired heart disease in a middle-income country: a 20-year single-center experience
Authors: Cavalcante Candice Torres de Melo Bezerra , Júnior Valdester Cavalcante Pinto , Pompeu Ronald Guedes , Maia Isabel Cristina Leite , Pontes Isabelle Barbosa , Teles Andrea Consuelo de Oliveira , Onofre Raimunda Selma Antero Sousa , Chan Titus , Schaffer Charlotte , Branco Klébia Magalhães Pereira Castello 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT) has become the standard of care for children with end-stage heart failure refractory to medical or conventional surgical therapy. Despite the improvement in perioperative survival in the last decades, the long-term complications and mortality remain significant. This report examines the experience of a single center in Brazil with pediatric OHT, focusing on long-term results and mortality.
Methods
This is a retrospective study from January 2002 to December 2022. Data collection consisted of demographic data, indication, immunosuppression, main complications and mortality.
Results
There were 77 OHT in 74 patients. The median age at the time of OHT was 11.5 years (IQR 0.25–22 years). The indications for OHT were congenital heart disease in 36 (46.8%), cardiomyopathy in 35 (45.5%), and re-transplantation in 3 patients (primary diagnosis: 2 cardiomyopathy − 3.9%). There was an average of 2.2 rejection episodes/patient and 1.3 infection episodes/patient during the first year of follow-up. The most common complications were: acute kidney injury (51%), systemic hypertension (41.9%), anemia (24.3%) and type 2 diabetes (10.4%). Overall survival after 1 year of OHT was 89.6% while 5- and 10-year survival, were 80% and 59%, respectively. Despite late complications, such as infection and acute rejection, all survivors report a significant improvement in functional status.
Conclusion
Heart transplant is an acceptable therapeutic option for children and young adults in middle-upper resourced countries, with outcomes and long term follow up close to those higher resourced countries.
The relationship between gender identity and depressive symptoms in adolescents: A moderated mediation model of self-efficacy and family functioning
Authors: Hou Chenyu , Yan Hanchun , Xiang Zhibiao , Leng Chenyang , Tao Haojuan , Liu Zhening , Lei Hui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

【Background】 Gender identity is associated with adolescent depression, but the relationship remains unclear. To further clarify the relationship between gender identity and mental health, this study targets adolescents with significant fluctuations in gender identity, constructs a moderated mediation effect model, examines the relationship between gender identity and depression, and explores the mediating role of self-efficacy and the moderating role of family functioning, to provide scientific references for proposing effective psychological interventions for different gender identity groups. 【Methods】Using whole group convenience sampling method, 2340 students from a school in Changsha, Hunan Province, were selected for the survey, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9), the Family Care Index Scale(APGAR), the General Self-Efficacy Scale-Schwarzer (GSES), and gender identity-related questions were used for the assessment of mental health. 【Results】The prevalence of depression was 40.5% among transgender adolescents, which was significantly higher than that of cisgender adolescents (15.6%). At the same time, gender identity, self-efficacy, family functioning, and depression constituted a moderated mediation model, with family functioning moderating the posterior path of this mediation process. Specifically, self-efficacy was progressively less predictive of depression as family functioning increased. 【Conclusion】Transgender adolescents showed significantly poorer mental health than cisgender adolescents. There was a partial mediating effect of self-efficacy between gender identity and adolescent depression, with family functioning moderating the latter half of this mediation effect. This study advances our understanding of the relationship between depression and self-efficacy or family functioning in adolescents of different gender identities.
The morphological characteristics and risk of rupture of ruptured and unruptured internal carotid siphon aneurysms: a preliminary study
Authors: Huang Zhong , Liao Ruikun , Wang Zhi , Xie Guoqing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
To compare the morphologic features of unruptured and ruptured aneurysms of the siphon of the internal carotid artery to find a more valuable reference to assess the rupture risk of aneurysms.
Methods
156 patients with internal carotid siphon aneurysms were retrospectively enrolled in the study, all of whom were examined by volume computed tomographic digital subtraction angiography (VCTDSA). 49 patients (51 aneurysms) in the ruptured group and 107 patients (120 aneurysms) in the unruptured group, respectively. A total of 21 indices, such as aneurysm inclination angle and width, were compared between the unruptured and ruptured groups., The univariate analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves judging the specificity and sensitivity of the indices to determine the maximum critical value, and multifactorial logistic regression were used to analyze the results.
Results
The univariate analysis method revealed statistically significant differences in size, morphology, width, height, site, neck, inflow angle, inclination angle, parent-daughter angle, SR (Size ratio), AR (Aspect ratio), S1/S2 (area ratio), aneurysm width/neck width, maximum diameter, multiplicity, and age between the ruptured and unruptured groups of siphonotic aneurysms. The multifactorial study approach suggested that the angle of inclination (OR = 4.062, 95% CI = 1.570 ~ 10.513, P = 0.004), aneurysm size (OR = 12.607, 95% CI = 4.4 ~ 36.124, P < 0.001), and the presence of a multifocal aneurysm (OR = 4.274, 95% CI = 1.620 ~ 11.272 P = 0.003) were independent risk factors for the rupture of internal carotid siphon aneurysms.
Conclusions
The angle of inclination of the internal carotid siphon aneurysm, whether it is multiple or not, and its size are more risk factors for the morphological prediction of aneurysm rupture and valuable in assessing the risk of aneurysm rupture.
Bioequivalence of Cefdinir Dispersible Tablets in healthy Chinese subjects under fasting and fed conditions: A Single-Centred, Randomized, Open, Single-Dose, Two-Preparation, Two-Cycle, Two-Sequence, Double-Crossover Trial
Authors: Mao Nan , Xu Zuoheng , Su Jianfen , Wang Bingna , Zheng Diqun , Liao Jianxing , Liu Xiaoyan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Cefdinir is a broad-spectrum antibiotic with good antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and can be used for the treatment of various sensitive bacterial infections, such as community-acquired pneumonia, urinary tract infection and gonorrhea. Herein, a single-centred, randomized, open, single-dose, two-preparation, two-cycle, two-sequence, double-crossover trial with a 7-day washout was conducted to investigate the pharmacokinetics, bioequivalence and safety of cefdinir dispersible tablets and the reference formulation of cefdinir capsules in healthy Chinese volunteers. Fifty-six healthy subjects were recruited and randomly assigned to the fasting and fed groups. After a single oral dose of the test or reference formulation (0.1 g), the cefdinir concentrations in the plasma were determined via HPLC-MS/MS, and pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained from the concentration‒time profiles. Overall, 24 and 31 individuals completed the evaluation under fasting and fed conditions, respectively. The mean concentration‒time profiles for both formulations were similar, and the Cmax, AUC0–t and AUC0–∞ values were entirely within the bioequivalence range of 80.00–125.00%. 3 subjects reported 5 AEs and 8 subjects experienced 13 AEs in the fasting and fed group, respectively, but no participants withdrew from the trial because of AEs. All adverse reactions were grade I in severity, and no serious AEs or deaths occurred. The results demonstrated that these formulations were bioequivalent in healthy Chinese subjects under fasting and fed conditions, supporting the further clinical development of cefdinir dispersible tablets. This trial was registered in the China Drug Trials Registry (registration number: CTR20210441; registration date: March 11, 2021).
Acquisition of high-sensitivity human aqueous humor Raman spectra
Authors: Shinojima Ari , Sawada Mio , Kuroda Mizuki , Lee Deokho , Kinoshita Taku , Negishi Kazuno , Kurihara Toshihide 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aqueous humor metabolites could serve as novel biomarkers for real-time diagnosis of pathological conditions if analyzed using minimally invasive in vivo methods. This study aimed to develop a low-energy, sensitive detection system by obtaining Raman spectra from aqueous humor with reduced laser irradiation. Aqueous humor was collected during cataract surgery from five consenting patients and analyzed using a specialized Raman spectrometer. Raman spectra were obtained through irradiation with a 420 mJ laser light, approximately one-fourth of the energy used in previous Raman spectroscopy studies. The spectra were interpolated using the Savitzky-Golay method, and second-order differentiation was performed to verify the Raman signals. Specific vibrations were observed in the in vivo Raman spectra of aqueous humor, including CH2 symmetric, C-N stretching, and CH2 antisymmetric stretching vibrations attributed to “glucose”, “urea”, and “glucose and lactate” at 2890, 1006, and 2950 cm⁻¹, respectively. These signals were consistent with those previously reported, despite the use of significantly lower excitation energy. Aqueous humor Raman spectra can be obtained at much lower energy levels than previously reported, indicating the potential for a highly sensitive, minimally invasive metabolite detection system.
Portfolio carbon footprints and decarbonization progress of China's asset managers: a decade analysis
Authors: Guan Dabo , Wang Jinglei , Yu Xiang , Wang Wenqiang , Gesang Gesangyangji , Li Jie , Li Shuping , Zhang Ning , Zhang Zengkai 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Despite repeated calls to reduce CO2 emissions, asset managers continue to invest heavily in carbon-intensive assets, creating hidden carbon bombs within their equity portfolios. Timely tracking of portfolio carbon footprints is essential as a dynamic tool for monitoring companies' efforts to reduce carbon reduction. However, the availability and quality of firm-level CO2 emissions data present significant challenges in measuring financed emissions. As a result, potential climate-related risks for asset managers are likely to be severely underestimated. This study analyses CO2 emissions embodied in the equity portfolios of 105 Chinese asset managers from 2010 to 2020. Results show that over 50% of financed emissions comes from carbon-intensive assets, primarily emitted by individual high-emitting companies. Positively, some managers have reallocated capital towards High-tech Industries and Advanced Services during the period, and achieved over 50% reduction in carbon intensity. Comparison between asset managers' commitments versus actual mitigation actions shows that five out of six leading asset managers in China have failed to take their mitigation actions, despite their commitment to the UN Principles for Responsible Investment (UNPRI). Our qualitative analysis provide scientific evidence for China's asset managers in measuring companies’ portfolio carbon footprints and supporting their decarbonization pathways.
Electrodriven H2 Production in Escherichia coli: Rational Design and Mechanistic Studies of the Electron Uptake Process
Authors: Sekretareva Alina , Ganguli Sagar , Kurth Larissa , Gamache Mira , Pavliuk Olha , Zamader Afridi , Kostopoulos Nikolaos , Filmon Dawit , Plumeré Nicolas , Ugalde Sandra Ortega , Berggren Gustav 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Electromicrobial production systems, which use electrons from renewable energy sources to drive microbial metabolism towards desired products, are considered a promising strategy for future energy conversion and sustainable synthesis technologies. However, electron transport to microbes remains a critical yet poorly understood process. This hinders the rational design of these systems for viable energy efficiencies. Here, we report the construction of an efficient redox power-transport unit that converts electrons into internally generated H₂, which can either be harvested directly or used as reducing power within the cell to drive Escherichia coli metabolism towards more complex products. Efficient conversion of electrons supplied by the electronic circuit to H₂ within the cell is achieved by engineering E. coli with functional [Fe-Fe] hydrogenase from the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (CrHydA1) and selecting a suitable electron transfer mediator. The system's design is guided by a developed kinetic model, which provides insights into the mechanism and kinetics of the electron uptake process.
Predictive goal coding by somatostatin-expressing interneurons is rapidly updated by current experience
Authors: Bartos Marlene , Yuan Mei , Cazala Aurore , Sauer Jonas-Frederic 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

To select appropriate behaviour, individuals need to rely on the encoding of relevant features within their environment in the context of current and past experiences. This function has so far been related to goal-associated activity patterns of hippocampal principal cells. By applying single unit recordings of optogenetically identified somatostatin-expressing interneurons (SOMIs) in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of head-fixed mice trained on a spatial goal-oriented reward-learning task in a virtual reality, we show that in expert mice characterized by goal anticipatory behaviour, SOMIs activity temporally precedes reward-locations. Predictive goal-coding by SOMIs is lost after translocation of learned goals to novel previously unrewarded sides resulted in rapid reduction of anticipatory behaviour, and rapid reconfiguration of SOMI activity to times after reward onset in association with reward consumption at novel goal-sides. Chemogenetic silencing of SOMIs caused a loss in memorizing that trained goal-sides are no longer available. Thus, our data show a so far unrecognized ability of SOMIs to flexibly encode goal-locations depending on current and past experiences to bias behavioral outcomes.
Learning local and semi-local density functionals from exact exchange-correlation potentials and energies
Authors: Gavini Vikram , Kanungo Bikash , Hatch Jeffery , Zimmerman Paul 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Finding accurate exchange-correlation (XC) functionals remains the defining challenge in density functional theory (DFT). Despite 40 years of active development, the desired chemical accuracy is still elusive with existing functionals. We present a data-driven pathway to learn the XC functionals by utilizing the exact density, XC energy, and XC potential. While the exact densities are obtained from accurate configuration interaction (CI), the exact XC energies and XC potentials are obtained via inverse DFT calculations on the CI densities. We demonstrate how simple neural network (NN) based local density approximation (LDA) and generalized gradient approximation (GGA), trained on just five atoms and two molecules, provide remarkable improvement in total energies, densities, atomization energies, and barrier heights for hundreds of molecules outside the training set. Particularly, the NN-based GGA functional attains similar accuracy as the higher rung SCAN meta-GGA, highlighting the promise of using the XC potential in modeling XC functionals. We expect this approach to pave the way for systematic learning of increasingly accurate and sophisticated XC functionals.
Spatio-temporal variation and simulation prediction of carbon storage in Lijiang River Basin based on PLUS- InVEST model
Authors: Xinran Zhou , Jinye Wang , Wen He , Liang Tang , Hui Li 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Quantitative assessment and simulation of terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage are of significant importance for future climate regulation and ecosystem management. In this paper, focusing on the Lijiang River Basin, we utilized the PLUS model and the InVEST model to evaluate the dynamic changes in land use and carbon storage from 2001 to 2041 under different development scenarios. The results indicate: (1) From 2001 to 2021, the areas of forest, shrub, grassland, and water bodies decreased, while the areas of cropland and impervious land increased. (2) Under the three scenarios, the changes in land use areas exhibited distinct characteristics. (3) From 2001 to 2021, the carbon storage in the Basin exhibited an overall declining trend. Under the scenarios of inertial development, ecological priority, and urban development, the projected carbon storage in Basin for 2041 will be 144.27×106t, 145.72×106t, and 143.8×106t, respectively. (4) The carbon storage in the karst landform area decreased by 3.85%, and the carbon storage in the non-karst landform area decreased by 2.57%. Those results suggest that implementing reasonable planning and restrictions in construction areas, as well as controlling the conversion of high carbon density land to low carbon density land, can contribute to increasing regional carbon storage. Therefore, the results obtained can provide scientific references for optimizing regional land use structure, improving regional ecosystem carbon storage, and serving the construction of Guilin National sustainable development agenda innovation demonstration zone.
Phase-dependent thermoluminescence properties of zinc sulphide
Authors: Farouk Shrouk , Farouk Amany , El-Faramawy Nabil , Elewa Nancy N 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In the current study, the effects of heat treatment on the thermoluminescence (TL) and structural properties of zinc blend samples were studied. The samples were annealed after being heated for different time periods from 2 up to 10 hours. The wurtzite hexagonal phase was observed upon heat treatment; however, its percentage decreased with the treatment period. The morphology of ZnS particles was studied by the HR-TEM analysis and it displayed an aggregated ZnS nanoparticles with almost uniform shape and size. The TL-glow curves for each sample were analysed using the CGCD method. Six trapping peaks exist between 0.98 and 1.45 eV through the deconvolution of the glow curves. The number of peaks were increased to 8 peaks for the fourth treatment, located between 0.95 and 1.56 eV. The activation energies and the frequency factors for getting traps were evaluated.
Optimization of Iron Ore Flotation Parameters Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: DE BRITO TARCISIO GONCALVES , Nunes Tiago Caixeta , de Paiva Emerson José , de Lacerda José Carlos , Brito Rogério Fernandes , de Brito Ricardo Luiz Perez 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study proposes a method to optimize the flotation parameters of quartz for concentrating iron ore into pellets. With the reduction in mineral deposits with high iron contents and the increasing demand for low ore contaminants for steel production, it is important to evaluate the effects of parameters that influence flotation performance. Seventeen bench flotation tests were conducted using a Central Composite Design (CCD) to identify the process response conditions. Optimization using the Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) algorithm resulted in dosage values of 500 g/t for feed, 75 g/t for SiO2, and a pH of 9.80 for starch, amine, and pH, respectively. The calculated iron recovery was 95.21%, with a SiO2 content in the concentrate of 0.46%. Tests under optimal conditions confirmed an iron recovery of 93.86% and a SiO2 of 0.51% in the flotation concentrate. These findings contribute to maximizing the utilization of mineral resources and obtaining high-quality ores.
Prediction of surface roughness of tempered steel AISI 1060 under effective cooling using super learner machine learning.
Authors: Ziyad Firi , Alemayehu Habtamu , Wogaso Desalegn , Dadi Firomsa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Surface roughness is essential to evaluate the quality of the surface of the product. To predict the surface roughness researchers have been using statistical and empirical methodologies both of which lack generalizability when applied to unseen data. To overcome the limitation of existing models’ scholars have developed machine learning and artificial intelligence. Machine learning can predict the surface roughness of machined parts accurately. It has high generalization ability when applied to unseen data. For instance, this research endeavor has formulated a super learner machine learning model aimed at predicting surface roughness by leveraging a diverse array of machine learning techniques, including decision trees, random forests, gradient boosting, and extreme gradient boosting. The optimization of these models was achieved through the application of grid search hyperparameter tuning and K-fold cross-validation methodologies. The predictive efficacy of the proposed super learner model is compared with that of all alternative models. Achieving a coefficient of determination (R²) of 99.8% between the experimental and predicted values for surface roughness in the test dataset, the suggested super learner model exhibited superior predictive capabilities relative to its counterparts. This model is identified as the most accurate, distinguished by the highest coefficient of determination (R²), the lowest mean absolute error (1.92%), the lowest mean absolute percentage error (1.76%), and the lowest root mean square error (2.29%). In addition, the interpretations of the model's predictions are clarified using the Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) technique, thereby shedding light on the significant variables that affect the surface roughness of tempered steel AISI 1060.