bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel method for rapid fluorescence in-situ hybridization of ALK rearrangement using non-contact alternating current electric field mixing
Authors: Fujishima Satoshi , Imai Kazuhiro , Nakamura Ryuta , Nanjo Hiroshi , Saito Yoshitaro , Saito Hajime , Terata Kaori , Sato Yusuke , Motoyama Satoru , Akagami Yoichi , Minamiya Yoshihiro 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEchinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 gene and anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene (EML4-ALK) rearrangement is a key driver mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although Break-Apart ALK fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a reliable diagnostic method for detecting ALK gene rearrangement, it is too costly and time-consuming for use as a routine screening test. Our aim was to evaluate the clinical utility of a novel rapid FISH (RaFISH) method developed to facilitate hybridization. RaFISH takes advantage of the non-contact mixing effect of an alternating current (AC) electric field. Eighty-five specimens were used from patients diagnosed with NSCLC identified immunohistochemically as ALK 0, (1/2+) or (3+). With RaFISH, the ALK test was completed within 4.5 h, as compared to 20 h needed for the standard FISH. Although RaFISH produced results more promptly, the staining and accuracy of the ALK evaluation with RaFISH was equal to the standard. We found 97.6% agreement between FISH and RaFISH based on the status of the ALK signals. These results suggest RaFISH could be used as a clinical tool to promptly determine ALK status.
Band Gap Engineering of Hexagonal SnSe2 Nanostructured Thin Films for Infra-Red Photodetection
Authors: Mukhokosi Emma P. , Krupanidhi Saluru B. , Nanda Karuna K. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe, for the first time, provide the experimental demonstration on the band gap engineering of layered hexagonal SnSe2 nanostructured thin films by varying the thickness. For 50 nm thick film, the band gap is ~2.04 eV similar to that of monolayer, whereas the band gap is approximately ~1.2 eV similar to that of bulk for the 1200 nm thick film. The variation of the band gap is consistent with the the theoretically predicted layer-dependent band gap of SnSe2. Interestingly, the 400–1200 nm thick films were sensitiveto 1064 nm laser iradiation and the sensitivity increases almost exponentiallly with thickness, while films with 50–140 nm thick are insensitive which is due to the fact that the band gap of thinner films is greater than the energy corresponding to 1064 nm. Over all, our results establish the possibility of engineering the band gap of SnSe2 layered structures by simply controlling the thickness of the film to absorb a wide range of electromagnetic radiation from infra-red to visible range.
A Solution-Processable, Nanostructured, and Conductive Graphene/Polyaniline Hybrid Coating for Metal-Corrosion Protection and Monitoring
Authors: Kim Saerona , Le Thanh-Hai , Park Chul Soon , Park Geunsu , Kim Kyung Ho , Kim Semin , Kwon Oh Seok , Lim Gyun Taek , Yoon Hyeonseok 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA smart and effective anticorrosive coating consisting of alternating graphene and polyaniline (PANI) layers was developed using top-down solution processing. Graphite was exfoliated using sonication assisted by polyaniline to produce a nanostructured, conductive graphene/polyaniline hybrid (GPn) in large quantities (>0.5 L of 6 wt% solution in a single laboratory-scale process). The GPn was coated on copper and exhibited excellent anticorrosion protection efficiencies of 46.6% and 68.4% under electrochemical polarization in 1 M sulfuric acid and 3.5 wt% sodium chloride solutions, chosen as chemical and seawater models, respectively. Impedance measurements were performed in the two corrosive solutions, with the variation in charge transfer resistance (Rct) over time indicating that the GPn acted as an efficient physical and chemical barrier preventing corrosive species from reaching the copper surface. The GPn-coated copper was composed of many PANI-coated graphene planes stacked parallel to the copper surface. PANI exhibits redox-based conductivity, which was facilitated by the high conductivity of graphene. Additionally, the GPn surface was found to be hydrophobic. These properties combined effectively to protect the copper metal against corrosion. We expect that the GPn can be further applied for developing smart anticorrosive coating layers capable of monitoring the status of metals.
A spot laser modulated resistance switching effect observed on n-type Mn-doped ZnO/SiO2/Si structure
Authors: Lu Jing , Tu Xinglong , Yin Guilin , Wang Hui , He Dannong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this work, a spot laser modulated resistance switching (RS) effect is firstly observed on n-type Mn-doped ZnO/SiO2/Si structure by growing n-type Mn-doped ZnO film on Si wafer covered with a 1.2 nm native SiO2, which has a resistivity in the range of 50–80 Ω∙cm. The I–V curve obtained in dark condition evidences the structure a rectifying junction, which is further confirmed by placing external bias. Compared to the resistance state modulated by electric field only in dark (without illumination), the switching voltage driving the resistance state of the structure from one state to the other, shows clear shift under a spot laser illumination. Remarkably, the switching voltage shift shows a dual dependence on the illumination position and power of the spot laser. We ascribe this dual dependence to the electric filed produced by the redistribution of photo-generated carriers, which enhance the internal barrier of the hetero-junction. A complete theoretical analysis based on junction current and diffusion equation is presented. The dependence of the switching voltage on spot laser illumination makes the n-type Mn-doped ZnO/SiO2/Si structure sensitive to light, which thus allows for the integration of an extra functionality in the ZnO-based photoelectric device.
A Microdevice Platform Recapitulating Hypoxic Tumor Microenvironments
Authors: Ando Yuta , Ta Hoang P. , Yen Daniel P. , Lee Sang-Sin , Raola Sneha , Shen Keyue 
Published: November 2017

AbstractHypoxia plays a central role in cancer progression and resistance to therapy. We have engineered a microdevice platform to recapitulate the intratumor oxygen gradients that drive the heterogeneous hypoxic landscapes in solid tumors. Our design features a “tumor section”-like culture by incorporating a cell layer between two diffusion barriers, where an oxygen gradient is established by cellular metabolism and physical constraints. We confirmed the oxygen gradient by numerical simulation and imaging-based oxygen sensor measurement. We also demonstrated spatially-resolved hypoxic signaling in cancer cells through immunostaining, gene expression assay, and hypoxia-targeted drug treatment. Our platform can accurately generate and control oxygen gradients, eliminates complex microfluidic handling, allows for incorporation of additional tumor components, and is compatible with high-content imaging and high-throughput applications. It is well suited for understanding hypoxia-mediated mechanisms in cancer disease and other biological processes, and discovery of new therapeutics.
Targeted mitochondrial therapy using MitoQ shows equivalent renoprotection to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition but no combined synergy in diabetes
Authors: Ward Micheal S. , Flemming Nicole B. , Gallo Linda A. , Fotheringham Amelia K. , McCarthy Domenica A. , Zhuang Aowen , Tang Peter H. , Borg Danielle J. , Shaw Hannah , Harvie Benjamin , Briskey David R. , Roberts Llion A. , Plan Manuel R. , Murphy Michael P. , Hodson Mark P. , Forbes Josephine M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction is a pathological mediator of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Our objective was to test the mitochondrially targeted agent, MitoQ, alone and in combination with first line therapy for DKD. Intervention therapies (i) vehicle (D); (ii) MitoQ (DMitoQ;0.6 mg/kg/day); (iii) Ramipril (DRam;3 mg/kg/day) or (iv) combination (DCoAd) were administered to male diabeticdb/dbmice for 12 weeks (n = 11–13/group). Non-diabetic (C)db/mmice were followed concurrently. No therapy altered glycaemic control or body weight. By the study end, both monotherapies improved renal function, decreasing glomerular hyperfiltration and albuminuria. All therapies prevented tubulointerstitial collagen deposition, but glomerular mesangial expansion was unaffected. Renal cortical concentrations of ATP, ADP, AMP, cAMP, creatinine phosphate and ATP:AMP ratio were increased by diabetes and mostly decreased with therapy. A higher creatine phosphate:ATP ratio in diabetic kidney cortices, suggested a decrease in ATP consumption. Diabetes elevated glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate and oxidised (NAD+ and NADP+) and reduced (NADH) nicotinamide dinucleotides, which therapy decreased generally. Diabetes increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption (OCR) at complex II-IV. MitoQ further increased OCR but decreased ATP, suggesting mitochondrial uncoupling as its mechanism of action. MitoQ showed renoprotection equivalent to ramipril but no synergistic benefits of combining these agents were shown.
Structure and photoluminescence properties of red-emitting apatite-type phosphor NaY9(SiO4)6O2:Sm3+ with excellent quantum efficiency and thermal stability for solid-state lighting
Authors: Mei Lefu , Liu Haikun , Liao Libing , Zhang Yuanyuan , Kumar R. Vasant 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA novel red-emitting phosphor NaY9(SiO4)6O2:Sm3+ (NYS:Sm3+) was synthesized and the X-ray diffraction and high-resolution TEM testified that the NYS compound belongs to the apatite structure which crystallized in a hexagonal unit cell with space group P63/m. The novel phosphor boasts of such three advantageous properties as perfect compatible match with the commercial UV chips, 73.2% quantum efficiency and 90.9% thermal stability at 150 °C. Details are as follows. NYS:Sm3+ phosphor showed obvious absorption in the UV regions centered at 407 nm, which can be perfectly compatible with the commercial UV chips. The property investigations showed that NYS:Sm3+ phosphor emitted reddish emission with CIE coordination of (0.563, 0.417). The optimum quenching concentration of Sm3+ in NYS phosphor was about 10%mol, and the corresponding concentration quenching mechanism was verified to be the electric dipole–dipole interaction. Upon excitation at 407 nm, the composition-optimized NYS:0.10Sm3+ exhibited a high quantum efficiency of 73.2%, and its luminescence intensity at 150 °C decreased simply to 90.9% of the initial value at room temperature. All of the results indicated that NYS:Sm3+ is a promising candidate as a reddish-emitting UV convertible phosphor for application in white light emitting diodes (w-LEDs).
DNA methylation regulates TMEM16A/ANO1 expression through multiple CpG islands in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Finegersh Andrey , Kulich Scott , Guo Theresa , Favorov Alexander V. , Fertig Elana J. , Danilova Ludmila V. , Gaykalova Daria A. , Califano Joseph A. , Duvvuri Umamaheswar 
Published: November 2017

AbstractANO1 is a calcium-activated chloride channel that is frequently overexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and other cancers. While ANO1 expression negatively correlates with survival in several cancers, its epigenetic regulation is poorly understood. We analyzed HNSCC samples from TCGA and a separate dataset of HPV+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) samples to identify differentially methylated regions. E6 and E7 transfected normal oral keratinocytes (NOK) were used to induce hypermethylation of the ANO1 promoter. We found three CpG islands that correlated with ANO1 expression, including two positively correlated with expression. Using two HNSCC datasets with differential expression of ANO1, we showed hypermethylation of positively correlated CpG islands potentiates ANO1 expression. E7 but not E6 transfection of NOK cells led to hypermethylation of a positively correlated CpG island without a change in ANO1 expression. ANO1 promoter methylation was also correlated with patient survival. Our results are the first to show the contribution of positively correlated CpG’s for regulating gene expression in HNSCC. Hypermethylation of the ANO1 promoter was strongly correlated with but not sufficient to increase ANO1 expression, suggesting methylation of positively correlated CpG’s likely serves as an adjunct to other mechanisms of ANO1 activation.
Activin A in Inflammation, Tissue Repair, and Fibrosis: Possible Role as Inflammatory and Fibrotic Mediator of Uterine Fibroid Development and Growth
Authors: Protic Olga , Islam Md , Greco Stefania , Giannubilo Stefano , Lamanna Pasquale , Petraglia Felice , Ciavattini Andrea , Castellucci Mario , Hinz Boris , Ciarmela Pasquapina 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe growth factor activin A belongs to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily and was initially isolated as an inducer of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion. Activin A was later found to play roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolism. More recently, activin A has also been recognized as a novel player in mediating inflammation, immunity, wound repair, and fibrosis. Elevated levels of activin A during inflammation are responsible for the increased production of extracellular matrix in different pathological conditions, including fibroids. Our group has demonstrated a profibrotic role of activin A in leiomyoma growth. Uterine leiomyoma can be considered as a fibrotic disorder that initiates from myometrial smooth muscle layer of uterus in reproductive-age women and that is driven by a strong inflammatory component. In fertile women, transient inflammation is a physiological and essential process during menstruation, ovulation, and parturition. However, tissue injury from extravasated menstrual blood and/or an altered response to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants, can establish chronic inflammation in the uterus, ultimately leading to dysregulated tissue repair. Myofibroblasts are key cells in normal repair and the chronic tissue remodeling characteristic for fibrosis and uterine leiomyoma. In this review, we discuss the role of activin A in inflammation, tissue repair, and fibrosis and we elaborate the hypothesis that it plays a central role in myofibroblast activation and leiomyoma development and growth.
A Cross-sectional Survey of the North American Skull Base Society: Current Practice Patterns of Vestibular Schwannoma Evaluation and Management in North America
Authors: Van Gompel Jamie , Wiet R. , Tombers Nicole , Devaiah Anand , Lal Devyani , Morcos Jacques , Link Michael , Carlson Matthew 
Published: November 2017

Background Very few studies have examined vestibular schwannoma (VS) management trends across centers and between providers. The objective of this study is to examine current practice trends, variance in treatment philosophies, and nuanced or controversial aspects of VS care across North America.
Methods This is a cross-sectional survey of North American Skull Base Society (NASBS) members who report regular involvement in VS care.
Results A total of 57 completed surveys were returned. Most respondents claimed to have over 20 years of experience and the majority reported working in an academic practice with an affiliated otolaryngology and/or neurosurgery residency program. Sixty-three percent of respondents claimed to evaluate VS patients in clinic with both an otolaryngologist and neurosurgeon involved. Eighty-six percent of respondents claimed to operate on VS with both an otolaryngologist and neurosurgeon involved, while only 18% of neurosurgeons and 9% of otolaryngologists performed surgery alone. There was a wide range in the number of cases evaluated at each center annually. Similarly, there was wide variation in the number of patients treated with microsurgery and radiation at each center. Additional details regarding management preferences for microsurgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, stereotactic radiotherapy, and conservative observation are presented.
Conclusion VS management practices vary between providers and centers. Overall, most centers employ a multidisciplinary approach to management with collaboration between otolaryngology and neurosurgery. Overall, survey responses concur with previous studies suggesting a shift toward conservatism in management.
Long-Term Facial Nerve Outcomes after Microsurgical Resection of Vestibular Schwannomas in Patients with Preoperative Facial Nerve Palsy
Authors: Mooney Michael , Hendricks Benjamin , Sarris Christina , Spetzler Robert , Porter Randall , Almefty Kaith 
Published: November 2017

Objectives This study aimed at evaluating facial nerve outcomes in vestibular schwannoma patients presenting with preoperative facial nerve palsy.
Design A retrospective review.
Setting Single-institution cohort.
Participants Overall, 368 consecutive patients underwent vestibular schwannoma resection. Patients with prior microsurgery or radiosurgery were excluded.
Main Outcome Measures Incidence, House–Brackmann grade.
Results Of 368 patients, 9 had confirmed preoperative facial nerve dysfunction not caused by prior treatment, for an estimated incidence of 2.4%. Seven of these nine patients had Koos grade 4 tumors. Mean tumor diameter was 3.0 cm (range: 2.1–4.4 cm), and seven of nine tumors were subtotally resected. All nine patients were followed up clinically for ≥ 6 months. Of the six patients with a preoperative House–Brackmann grade of II, two improved to grade I, three were stable, and one patient worsened to grade III. Of the three patients with grade III or worse, all remained stable at last follow-up.
Conclusions Preoperative facial nerve palsy is rare in patients with vestibular schwannoma; it tends to occur in patients with relatively large lesions. Detailed long-term outcomes of facial nerve function after microsurgical resection for these patients have not been reported previously. We followed nine patients and found that eight (89%) of the nine patients had either stable or improved facial nerve outcomes after treatment. Management strategies varied for these patients, including rates of subtotal versus gross-total resection and the use of stereotactic radiosurgery in patients with residual tumor. These results can be used to help counsel patients preoperatively on expected outcomes of facial nerve function after treatment.
Anticipatory Corticosteroid Administration to Asymptomatic Women with a Short Cervix
Authors: Wong Luchin , Esplin M. , Collingridge Dave , Richards Douglas 
Published: November 2017

Objective A short cervix is an important risk factor for spontaneous preterm birth. There is substantial evidence that antenatal exposure to corticosteroids significantly benefits infants that are born when delivery occurs between 24 and 34 weeks' gestation and after 48 hours but within 7 days of their administration. Our study was to evaluate whether asymptomatic women who are given a course of antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) at the time a short cervix is identified deliver within the window of proven steroid benefit.
Study Design This was a retrospective chart review of patients who had a cervical length of < 2.5 cm between 23 and 34 weeks and who did not have cervical dilation or significant symptoms of preterm labor.
Results Of 367 asymptomatic patients with a short cervix, only two (0.5%) delivered within 7 days of the time a short cervix was identified. With a policy of giving ACS at the time an ultrasound shows a short cervix, 184 patients would have to be treated for each one who realizes a steroid benefit by delivering within 7 days.
Conclusion We conclude that unless future studies show that neonates benefit from ACS given more than 7 days before delivery, giving ACS to asymptomatic women solely because the cervix is short is not advised.
A Cross-sectional Survey of the North American Skull Base Society on Vestibular Schwannoma, Part 2: Perioperative Practice Patterns of Vestibular Schwannoma in North America
Authors: Carlson Matthew , Wiet R. , Tombers Nicole , Devaiah M Anand , Lal Devyani , Morcos Jacques , Link Michael , Van Gompel Jamie 
Published: November 2017

Introduction Perioperative care of vestibular schwannoma (VS) patients is extremely variable across surgeons and institutions making practice patterns difficult to standardize. No data currently exist detailing this practice variability.
Methods The North American Skull Base Society membership was electronically surveyed regarding perioperative care of surgically operated VS patients.
Results There were 87 respondents to the survey. Surgical positioning, surgical approach utilized, and perioperative medical adjuncts are quite variable. However, of those performing retrosigmoid approaches, 49% perform this in the supine position, while 33% use a park-bench position with only 2% using the sitting position. In those performing translabyrinthine approaches, 86% perform this in supine position. Although the use of neuromonitoring appears to be standard of care (98%), other than the seventh nerve, there is substantial variability between respondents regarding monitoring of additional cranial nerves. Postoperative antibiotics are used by 65%, postoperative steroids 81%, and postoperative chemical deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis in 68% of survey respondents.
Conclusion Although the perioperative adjuncts to VS surgery are variable, there does appear to be a trend in common practice. Therefore, making surgeons aware of these trends may lead to standardized practice or alternatively trials of these variances to instruct which truly improve patient outcomes.
Guidelines Regarding §16 of the German Transplantation Act – Initial Experiences with Structured Reporting
Authors: Pinto dos Santos Daniel , Arnhold Gordon , Mildenberger Peter , Düber Christoph , Kloeckner Roman 
Published: November 2017

Purpose To transfer the report sheet from the guidelines regarding the German Transplantation Act to a standards-compliant report template and to evaluate it in the clinical routine.
Materials and Methods The template was developed using the freely available software brackets.io. It was implemented in the clinical routine using a reporting platform developed in-house. Interfaces to the department RIS and PACS allowed for integration into the usual reporting workflow. The evaluation period was 70 days.
Results Developing the template for implementation of the guidelines was possible without any difficulties. The content of the report sheet provided in the guidelines was transferred one to one. Additionally, a text field was included to allow for further remarks. In the period under review, 7 radiologists performed 44 evaluations in line with § 16 of the German Transplantation Act. Users of the template, referring physicians and the employees of the transplantation office reported a high degree of satisfaction.
Conclusion Implementing report sheets that are required by law (e. g. in the guidelines regarding § 16 of the German Transplantation Act) in the clinical routine electronically is easy and achieves a high degree of acceptance. The standard supported by the German Radiological Society (IHE – "Management of radiology report templates") allows for a quick response to the growing demand for structured and standardized reporting.
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Prävention durch Ernährung
Authors: Friedrichsen Hans-Peter 
Published: November 2017

SummaryIn den letzten 100 Jahren hat sich die Ernährung grundlegend verändert. Zahlreiche Zivilisationskrankheiten werden durch die fehlende Anpassung des Stoffwechsels an diese moderne Nahrung mitverursacht. Im Vergleich zu heute zeichnete sich die Ernährung der Jäger und Sammler aus durch deutlich höhere Aufnahme von Fettsäuren mit günstigen Stoffwechseleigenschaften wie ALA, EPA und DHA sowie von hochwertigen Eiweißen, Obst und Gemüse bei gleichzeitig fehlendem Konsum von Getreide, Zucker und Kuhmilch. Eine stoffwechseladaptierte Ernährung zur Prävention orientiert sich an der Steinzeiternährung.