bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Degradation of Diuron and Hexazinone Herbicides by Photo-Fenton: Assessment of Concentrations of H2O2 and Fe2+ by the Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Martins Alysson S. , Vasconcelos Vanessa M. , Ferreira Tanare C. R. , Pereira-Filho Edenir R. , Lanza Marcos R. V. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPesticides are often reported in aquatic environments contamination as being a result of soil leaching and improper disposal of agricultural packages. Advanced oxidation processes have been studied as alternatives to treat such compounds in aqueous media. The aim of this study was to determine the best concentrations of H
Semiconductor Mediated Photocatalytic Degradation of Plastics and Recalcitrant Organic Pollutants in Water: Effect of Additives and Fate of Insitu Formed H2O2
Authors: Phonsy P. D. , Anju S. G. , Jyothi K. P. , Yesodharan Suguna , Yesodharan E. P. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractContamination of water by chemical and bacterial pollutants as well as ‘white pollution’ caused by carelessly discarded waste plastics are major environmental problems. In the current study, the possibility of using semiconductor photocatalysis for the removal of last traces of organic water pollutants of different types is investigated. Semiconductors ZnO and TiO
Experimental Study on NO Removal Using Non-thermal Plasma Oxidation-alkali Absorption
Authors: Ding Shuilan , Yu Qi , Zhang Yingzhou , Liu Yuan , Xie Chunxue , Yu Gang 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA non-thermal plasma oxidation-alkali absorption NO removal system is designed by connecting sequentially an alkali aqueous solution absorption device to a gas discharge reactor. An experimental system of simulated flue gas NO removal using non-thermal plasma oxidation and Ca(OH)
Factors Influencing the Ferric Ion-mediated Photochemical Decomposition of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) in Water
Authors: Jin Ling , Zhang Pengyi , Shao Tian 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPerfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has received increasing attention due to its persistence in the environment, accumulation and global occurrence. The enhancement of the photochemical oxidative degradation of perfluorooctane sulfonate upon addition of ferric ions under 254-nm UV and 185-nm vacuum UV (VUV) light was observed for the first time. In the presence of ferric ions (100 μM) and at pH 3.0, 85.3% of the initial PFOS (20 μM) was decomposed, with the rate constant of 1.92 d
The Influence of Irradiance and Humidity on the Photocatalytic Conversion of Nitrogen(II) Oxide
Authors: Engel Astrid , Große Julia , Dillert Ralf , Bahnemann Detlef W. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractExperimental results of an investigation of the photocatalytic oxidation of nitrogen(II) oxide, NO, in air in the presence of UV(A) irradiated titanium dioxide powder are presented. In the experimental runs the NO inlet concentration, the UV(A) irradiance, and the absolute humidity was varied at constant temperature employing a flow-through plate-type photoreactor which is assumed to operate as a plug-flow reactor in a steady state with respect to the probe gas. The fractional conversion of NO increases with increasing irradiance in a non-linear manner, while it decreases with increasing water concentration in the gas phase. The data have been analysed employing a rate law recently proposed by Dillert et al. (Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2013, 15, 20876-20886).
The Photocatalytic Performance of Benzene- Modified TiO2 Photocatalysts under UV-vis Light Irradiation
Authors: Kusiak-Nejman Ewelina , Wanag Agnieszka , Kowalczyk Łukasz , Tryba Beata , Kapica-Kozar Joanna , Morawski Antoni W. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this study a photocatalytic performance of new carbon-modified titanium dioxide photocatalysts was discussed. Benzene was used as carbon precursor. It was found that the photocatalytic activity of obtained samples increases with the increase of modification temperature and decrease of carbon concentration present in TiO
Study of Continuous Ozonation Using A Venturi System of an Effluent Contaminated with Pharmaceuticals: Ibuprofen, Sodium Diclofenac and Sulfamethoxazole
Authors: Rojas Diego I. , Acevedo Ana L. , Muñoz Florinella 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe use of ozone in water treatment is considered an advanced oxidation process (AOPs) because •OH radicals can be generated, depending on the water conditions. Since ozone is a gas, it has a limited mass transfer in a liquid, which depends on the applied system. In this study, we used a Venturi to inject ozone during the treatment of solutions prepared with three commonly prescribed pharmaceuticals: ibuprofen (anti-inflammatory), sodium diclofenac (analgesic) and sulfamethoxazole (antibiotic). We evaluated the effects of pH, alkalinity, the effluent flow rate and the number of recycles on the degradation of the pharmaceuticals during the ozonation. Under the best conditions of treatment, removals of 80.90% of sulfamethoxazole, 84.38% of sodium diclofenac and 44.26% of ibuprofen were reached. These and other drugs are currently classified as emerging pollutants, and the effect of their accumulation during the water cycle has not been clearly determined yet. This research presents an alternative for the treatment of effluents contaminated with these products.
Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanorod Films on PET for Photocatalytic Disinfection of Water
Authors: Sanchez Luis , Guz Lucas , García Pilar , Ponce Silvia , Goyanes Silvia , Marchi María Claudia , Candal Roberto , Rodriguez Juan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractZnO nanorods (ZnO NRs) were grown on ZnO seeded polyethylene tert-phtalate (PET) substrates obtained from recycled soda bottles at low temperatures (90 °C) from Zn
Influence of the Iodide Source on the Photocatalytic Activity of Bismuth Oxyiodide
Authors: Pei Xule , Li Wentao , Deng Fang , Luo Xubiao , Li Fengcong , Liao Limei 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA series of bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI) photocatalysts were synthesized via a hydrothermal process using KI, 1- vinyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide (VPI), and the mixture of KI and VPI as iodide source, and the obtained products were referred to as BiOI-KI, BiOI-VPI and BiOI-KI+VPI, respectively. The effect of iodide source on the physical-chemical properties and photocatalytic activities of BiOI was investigated. The BET surface areas of BiOI-KI, BiOI-KI+VPI and BiOI-VPI were 41.2, 24.9 and 15.5 m
Iron on Carbon Catalaysts for the Photocatalytic Degradation Orange II
Authors: Celis-Salazar Paula , Zea Hugo , Luhrs Claudia , Phillips Jonathan , Ramirez Jose 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOrange II decomposition was studied on a variety of iron/carbon supported catalysts and control studies of the supports alone (carbon), and iron/alumina (non-active support). Variables tested included the impact of UV radiation, inclusion of hydrogen peroxide, catalyst treatment methods (oven treated and plasma torch treated) and type of the support. Results obtained for Orange II degradation indicated that active sites on carbon are more active for the catalytic decomposition of Orange II molecules, than metal sites. Oven-treated iron catalysts showed higher OII removal than catalysts prepared by plasma torch due to the fact that iron blocks carbon catalytic sites. XRD experiment on the non-active support allowed concluding that the oxidation state of Fe on the catalyst is not the main factor in the photocatalytic degradation of Orange II.
Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles: Characterization and Performance Exemplified by the Degradation of Methylene Blue in the Presence of Persulfate
Authors: Hung Chang-Mao , Chen Chiu-Wen , Jhuang Yu-Zhe , Dong Cheng-Di 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this study, the oxidation of methylene blue (MB) over iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (Fe
Fenton’s Oxidation Kinetics, Pathway, and Toxicity Evaluation of Diethyl Phthalate in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Zhang Qinqin , Wang Chuan , Lei Yangming 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA comprehensive study of the chemical oxidation degradation of diethyl phthalate (DEP) was conducted through Fenton processes. Effects of various operating parameters that considerably affect DEP decomposition were investigated, including solution pH, H
Purification Mechanism Analysis and performance Characterization of Mn-zeolite Catalyst
Authors: Li Tianxin , Zhang Xin , Wu Shiling , Meng Linglong , Ikhumhen Harrison Odion 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this study, the clinoptilolite is taken as the matrix, manganese nitrate as a modifier; through a medium temperature calcination pore making technique. Mostly, the micro pores in the matrix have been enlarged through the means of dipping and high temperature calcination modification. A small amount of active catalytic components are exchanged stably between the pores and surface. The mechanism of manufacturing new catalyst is analyzed using test methods of TEM, SEM, EDS, XRD and BET. These test methods testify the existence of active catalytic components of manganese in the Mn-Zeolite, while researching a new type of Mn-zeolite catalyst heterogeneous catalytic mechanism of Fenton and ozone oxidation process. The results show that added Mn-zeolite could improve the oxidation rate from 51% to 100%. Addition of free radical inhibitor, t-butanol, significantly inhibited the catalytic reaction of Fenton and ozone oxidation. This indicated that the mechanism of the reaction of Fenton and ozonation followed the hydroxyl radical.
On the Difference Between Air-cleaning and Self-cleaning
Authors: Abbas Nijmeh , Paz Yaron 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThere is a common notion in the field of photocatalysis that the same requirements for air purification hold also for self-cleaning surfaces, and that the same product may be adequate for the two purposes. This notion was tested on cementitious objects by comparing the activity of a series of commercially available TiO
Akkadographic Analytic Case Markers in Hittite
Authors: Cajnko Mojca 
Published: December 2016

Abstract:
The introductory part of the paper is devoted to the notions case, semantic roles, Sumerograms, Akkadograms and hybrid writings. The main part of the paper presents possible competing uses of Akkadographic analytic case markers and Hittite case endings and local adverbs. It further describes the written norm of Akkadographic analytic case markers with Sumerographic and Akkadographic common nouns, numerals, proper nouns and hybrid writings. The paper thus tries to point out that the use and semantics of Akkadographic analytic case markers is more limited than that of Hittite case endings and local adverbs.
Les effets narratifs de la position supérieure du lecteur en Josué 7
Authors: Wénin André 
Published: December 2016

Résumé:Le récit de l’infidélité d’Akan en Jos 7 offre un bel exemple d’un procédé narratif particulier: la position supérieure du lecteur. Dès le verset 1, en effet, le lecteur est informé d’un événement que tous les personnages humains du récit ignorent, à savoir la faute d’Akan qui a violé le
Praktiken erhöhter Dialogizität: onymische Anredeformen als Gesten personifizierter Zuwendung
Authors: Günthner Susanne 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOn the basis of a dialogically oriented and contextually situated approach, this study aims at investigating uses of addressing present co-participants in cases in which the subsequent order of speakership is not at issue. Starting out from Lerner’s (2003: 184) observation that address terms “appear to be deployed to do more than simply specify whom the speaker is addressing”, the article explores turn-initial as well as turn-final uses of address terms as practices of increased dialogism in everyday interaction. The paper argues that address terms function as a means to display a personified “orientation and sensitivity to the particular other(s)” (Sacks/Schegloff/Jefferson 1978: 43) – frequently used in disaffiliating activities.
Phase-Dependent Interactions in Visual Cortex to Combinations of First- and Second-Order Stimuli
Authors: Hutchinson Claire V. , Ledgeway Timothy , Baker Curtis L. 
Published: December 2016

A fundamental task of the visual system is to extract figure–ground boundaries between objects, which are often defined, not only by differences in luminance, but also by “second-order” contrast or texture differences. Responses of cortical neurons to both first- and second-order patterns have been studied extensively, but only for responses to either type of stimulus in isolation. Here, we examined responses of visual cortex neurons to the spatial relationship between superimposed periodic luminance modulation (LM) and contrast modulation (CM) stimuli, the contrasts of which were adjusted to give equated responses when presented alone. Extracellular single-unit recordings were made in area 18 of the cat, the neurons of which show responses to CM and LM stimuli very similar to those in primate area V2 (Li et al., 2014). Most neurons showed a significant dependence on the relative phase of the combined LM and CM patterns, with a clear overall optimal response when they were approximately phase aligned. The degree of this phase preference, and the contributions of suppressive and/or facilitatory interactions, varied considerably from one neuron to another. Such phase-dependent and phase-invariant responses were evident in both simple- and complex-type cells. These results place important constraints on any future model of the underlying neural circuitry for second-order responses. The diversity in the degree of phase dependence between LM and CM stimuli that we observed could help to disambiguate different kinds of boundaries in natural scenes.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMany visual cortex neurons exhibit orientation-selective responses to boundaries defined by differences either in luminance or in texture contrast. Previous studies have examined responses to either type of boundary in isolation, but here we measured systematically responses of cortical neurons to the spatial relationship between superimposed periodic luminance-modulated (LM) and contrast-modulated (CM) stimuli with contrasts adjusted to give equated responses. We demonstrate that neuronal responses to these compound stimuli are highly dependent on the relative phase between the LM and CM components. Diversity in the degree of such phase dependence could help to disambiguate different kinds of boundaries in natural scenes, for example, those arising from surface reflectance changes or from illumination gradients such as shading or shadows.
Frontal, Striatal, and Medial Temporal Sensitivity to Value Distinguishes Risk-Taking from Risk-Aversive Older Adults during Decision Making
Authors: Goh Joshua O.S. , Su Yu-Shiang , Tang Yong-Jheng , McCarrey Anna C. , Tereshchenko Alexander , Elkins Wendy , Resnick Susan M. 
Published: December 2016

Aging compromises the frontal, striatal, and medial temporal areas of the reward system, impeding accurate value representation and feedback processing critical for decision making. However, substantial variability characterizes age-related effects on the brain so that some older individuals evince clear neurocognitive declines whereas others are spared. Moreover, the functional correlates of normative individual differences in older-adult value-based decision making remain unclear. We performed a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in 173 human older adults during a lottery choice task in which costly to more desirable stakes were depicted using low to high expected values (EVs) of points. Across trials that varied in EVs, participants decided to accept or decline the offered stakes to maximize total accumulated points. We found that greater age was associated with less optimal decisions, accepting stakes when losses were likely and declining stakes when gains were likely, and was associated with increased frontal activity for costlier stakes. Critically, risk preferences varied substantially across older adults and neural sensitivity to EVs in the frontal, striatal, and medial temporal areas dissociated risk-aversive from risk-taking individuals. Specifically, risk-averters increased neural responses to increasing EVs as stakes became more desirable, whereas risk-takers increased neural responses with decreasing EV as stakes became more costly. Risk preference also modulated striatal responses during feedback with risk-takers showing more positive responses to gains compared with risk-averters. Our findings highlight the frontal, striatal, and medial temporal areas as key neural loci in which individual differences differentially affect value-based decision-making ability in older adults.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFrontal, striatal, and medial temporal functions implicated in value-based decision processing of rewards and costs undergo substantial age-related changes. However, age effects on brain function and cognition differ across individuals. How this normative variation relates to older-adult value-based decision making is unclear. We found that although the ability make optimal decisions declines with age, there is still much individual variability in how this deterioration occurs. Critically, whereas risk-averters showed increased neural activity to increasingly valuable stakes in frontal, striatal, and medial temporal areas, risk-takers instead increased activity as stakes became more costly. Such distinct functional decision-making processing in these brain regions across normative older adults may reflect individual differences in susceptibility to age-related brain changes associated with incipient cognitive impairment.
Selective Neuronal Activation by Cochlear Implant Stimulation in Auditory Cortex of Awake Primate
Authors: Johnson Luke A. , Della Santina Charles C. , Wang Xiaoqin 
Published: December 2016

Despite the success of cochlear implants (CIs) in human populations, most users perform poorly in noisy environments and music and tonal language perception. How CI devices engage the brain at the single neuron level has remained largely unknown, in particular in the primate brain. By comparing neuronal responses with acoustic and CI stimulation in marmoset monkeys unilaterally implanted with a CI electrode array, we discovered that CI stimulation was surprisingly ineffective at activating many neurons in auditory cortex, particularly in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the CI. Further analyses revealed that the CI-nonresponsive neurons were narrowly tuned to frequency and sound level when probed with acoustic stimuli; such neurons likely play a role in perceptual behaviors requiring fine frequency and level discrimination, tasks that CI users find especially challenging. These findings suggest potential deficits in central auditory processing of CI stimulation and provide important insights into factors responsible for poor CI user performance in a wide range of perceptual tasks.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe cochlear implant (CI) is the most successful neural prosthetic device to date and has restored hearing in hundreds of thousands of deaf individuals worldwide. However, despite its huge successes, CI users still face many perceptual limitations, and the brain mechanisms involved in hearing through CI devices remain poorly understood. By directly comparing single-neuron responses to acoustic and CI stimulation in auditory cortex of awake marmoset monkeys, we discovered that neurons unresponsive to CI stimulation were sharply tuned to frequency and sound level. Our results point out a major deficit in central auditory processing of CI stimulation and provide important insights into mechanisms underlying the poor CI user performance in a wide range of perceptual tasks.
Postnatal Odor Exposure Increases the Strength of Interglomerular Lateral Inhibition onto Olfactory Bulb Tufted Cells
Authors: Geramita Matthew , Urban Nathan N. 
Published: December 2016

Lateral inhibition between pairs of olfactory bulb (OB) mitral cells (MCs) and tufted cells (TCs) is linked to a variety of computations including gain control, decorrelation, and gamma-frequency synchronization. Differential effects of lateral inhibition onto MCs and TCs via distinct lateral inhibitory circuits are one of several recently described circuit-level differences between MCs and TCs that allow each to encode separate olfactory features in parallel. Here, using acute OB slices from mice, we tested whether lateral inhibition is affected by prior odor exposure and if these effects differ between MCs and TCs. We found that early postnatal odor exposure to the M72 glomerulus ligand acetophenone increased the strength of interglomerular lateral inhibition onto TCs, but not MCs, when the M72 glomerulus was stimulated. These increases were specific to exposure to M72 ligands because exposure to hexanal did not increase the strength of M72-mediated lateral inhibition. Therefore, early life experiences may be an important factor shaping TC odor responses.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTResponses of olfactory (OB) bulb mitral cells (MCs) and tufted cells (TCs) are known to depend on prior odor exposure, yet the specific circuit mechanisms underlying these experience-dependent changes are unknown. Here, we show that odor exposure alters one particular circuit element, interglomerular lateral inhibition, which is known to be critical for a variety of OB computations. Early postnatal odor exposure to acetophenone, a ligand of M72 olfactory sensory neurons, increases the strength of M72-mediated lateral inhibition onto TCs, but not MCs, that project to nearby glomeruli. These findings add to a growing list of differences between MCs and TCs suggesting that that these two cell types play distinct roles in odor coding.
Vectored Intracerebral Immunization with the Anti-Tau Monoclonal Antibody PHF1 Markedly Reduces Tau Pathology in Mutant Tau Transgenic Mice
Authors: Liu Wencheng , Zhao Lingzhi , Blackman Brittany , Parmar Mayur , Wong Man Ying , Woo Thomas , Yu Fangmin , Chiuchiolo Maria J. , Sondhi Dolan , Kaminsky Stephen M. , Crystal Ronald G. , Paul Steven M. 
Published: December 2016

Passive immunization with anti-tau monoclonal antibodies has been shown by several laboratories to reduce age-dependent tau pathology and neurodegeneration in mutant tau transgenic mice. These studies have used repeated high weekly doses of various tau antibodies administered systemically for several months and have reported reduced tau pathology of ∼40–50% in various brain regions. Here we show that direct intrahippocampal administration of the adeno-associated virus (AAV)-vectored anti-phospho-tau antibody PHF1 to P301S tau transgenic mice results in high and durable antibody expression, primarily in neurons. Hippocampal antibody levels achieved after AAV delivery were ∼50-fold more than those reported following repeated systemic administration. In contrast to systemic passive immunization, we observed markedly reduced (≥80–90%) hippocampal insoluble pathological tau species and neurofibrillary tangles following a single dose of AAV-vectored PHF1 compared with mice treated with an AAV-IgG control vector. Moreover, the hippocampal atrophy observed in untreated P301S mice was fully rescued by treatment with the AAV-vectored PHF1 antibody. Vectored passive immunotherapy with an anti-tau monoclonal antibody may represent a viable therapeutic strategy for treating or preventing such tauopathies as frontotemporal dementia, progressive supranuclear palsy, or Alzheimer's disease.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe have used an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector to deliver the genes encoding an anti-phospho-tau monoclonal antibody, PHF1, directly to the brain of mice that develop neurodegeneration due to a tau mutation that causes frontotemporal dementia (FTD). When administered systemically, PHF1 has been shown to modestly reduce tau pathology and neurodegeneration. Since such antibodies do not readily cross the blood–brain barrier, we used an AAV vector to deliver antibody directly to the hippocampus and observed much higher antibody levels and a much greater reduction in tau pathology. Using AAV vectors to deliver antibodies like PHF1 directly to brain may constitute a novel approach to treating various neurodegenerative disorders, such as FTD and Alzheimer's disease.