bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reclaiming Citizenship in the Post-Democratic Condition
Authors: Siapera Eugenia 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article reviews the central problematique of citizenship, arguing that the challenges imposed by neoliberal globalisation involve the loss of political, social and civil rights. By negating the mediations performed by citizenship between the people and the state, post-democracy renders citizenship meaningless. The article traces two main responses to this, a reactionary and a progressive one, none of which can address the problems of citizenship. The grains of a new response are found in three developments: a new ontology of the citizen, brought into being through digital acts; the existence of dual power, creating new forms of governance and social reproduction from below; and between these, the development of new procedures that directly engage with state power. Taken together, these considerations indicate a new possibility for the radicalisation of citizenship rather than a return to the former state of affairs.
National Identity Formation in Pakistan: Analysis of the Anti-Secular Narrative
Authors: Ahmed Zahid Shahab 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSoon after its declaration as an Islamic Republic in 1956, Islamists have experienced numerous ups and downs in Pakistan. Islamists not only try to maintain the status quo of the Islamic state but also endeavour to expand the scope ofsharia. Despite insignificant achievements in elections, Islamists have mostly been able to dictate civilian and military governments in matters of national identity. One of the greatest challenges for the promotion of pluralism is the Islamists’ anti-secular narrative, which holds significant backing from both the civil and the military elites. The goal of this paper is to analyse such narrative with reference to Pakistan’s continuous struggle for national identity. ‘The analyses propose that anti-secular voices are occupying centre stage in Pakistan, leaving little room for diverse opinions. Anti-secular groups use violence as a tool to silence any opposition against their ideology for Pakistan, which is evident by regular attacks on not only the religious minorities but also the moderate or liberal Muslim thinkers. The conflict over national identity between extremists and moderates is also one of the main causes of rising violent extremism in Pakistan.
PCI-PSO: Preference-Based Component Identification Using Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Hasheminejad Seyed Mohammad Hossein , Gholamshahi Shabnam 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Nowadays, component identification is one of the main challenges of software analysis and design. The component identification process aims at clustering classes into components and subcomponents. There are a number of methods to identify components in the literature; however, most of them cannot be customized to software architect’s preferences. To address this limitation, in this paper, we propose a preference-based method by the name of preference-based component identification using particle swarm optimization (PCI-PSO) to identify logical components. PCI-PSO provides a novel method to handle the software architect’s preferences using an interactive (i.e. human in the loop) search. PCI-PSO employs a customized PSO to automatically classify classes into suitable logical components and avoid the problem of identifying the proper number of components. We evaluated the effectiveness of PCI-PSO with four real-world cases. Results revealed that PCI-PSO has an ability to identify more cohesive and independent components with respect to the software architect’s preferences in comparison to the existing component identification methods.
Serum AFU, 5’-NT and AFP as biomarkers for primary hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis
Authors: Junna Zhu , Gongde Chen , Jinying Xu , Xiu Zhou 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
To evaluate the clinical value of serum α-L-fucosidase (AFU), 5’-nucleotidase (5’-NT) and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) as biomarkers for primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) diagnosis. Methods: Thirty six primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) patients and 36 healthy controls were recruited in this study from February 2014 to January 2016 in the Second People’s Hospital of Tianjin. The serum level of AFU, 5’-NT and AFP were examined and compared between the two groups. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were calculated by STATA11.0 software. Results: The serum level of AFU, 5’-NT, AFP were 30.87±10.43(U/L), 5.58±3.89(U/L), 233.60±226.60 (μg/L) respectively for primary hepatocellular carcinoma group and 19.96±6.73 (U/L), 1.87±0.84 (U/L), 16.64±14.17 (μg/L) for healthy control groups. The serum level of AFU, 5’-NT and AFP in primary hepatocellular carcinoma group were significant higher than those of healthy control group (P<0.001). The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 0.78 (95%CI:l0.61-0.90), 0.64 (95%CI:0.46-0.79) for serum AFU, 0.75(95%CI:0.58-0.88), 0.72(95%CI:0.55- 0.86) for serum 5’-NT and 0.72 (95%CI:0.55-0.86), 0.92 (95%CI:0.78-0.98) for serum AFP respectively. The AUC under the ROC curve were 0.80 (0.69-0.90), 0.80 (0.69-0.91) and 0.87 (0.780-0.96) for serum AFU, 5’-NT and AFP respectively. Positive correlation between AFU and 5’-NT (rpearson=0.63, P<0.05), AFU and AFP (rpearson=0.49, P<0.05), 5’-NT and AFP(rpearson=0.44, P<0.05) were found in the primary hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Conclusion: Serum AFU, 5’-NT and AFP were higher in PHC patients than those of healthy controls. The difference between PHC patients and healthy controls made serum AFU, 5’-NT and AFP potential biomarker for PHC diagnosis.
Cultivation of Agaricus bisporus (button mushroom) and its usages in the biosynthesis of nanoparticles
Authors: Owaid Mustafa Nadhim , Barish Anson , Ali Shariati Mohammad 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
White button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus), Higher Basidiomycota, is a very important nutritional and medicinal species which is used for recycling agrowastes including wheat straw, reed plant wastes, waste paper, oat straw, waste tea leaves, some water plants and others. A. bisporus has many usages in human dietary and pharmaceutical fields due to its composition of essential amino acids, fatty acids, carbohydrates, low calories, crude fibers, trace elements and vitamins. Recently synthesized nanoparticles from A. bisporus were used to treat cancer, viral, bacterial and fungal diseases. The goal of this review is to highlight recent data about recycling wastes for Agaricus production and applications of A. bisporus as a reducing agent in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles. Organically produced foods are currently highly desirable, but it can also be used for ecofriendly biosynthesis of nanoparticles.
Enhancement photocatalytic activity of spinel oxide (Co, Ni)3O4 by combination with carbon nanotubes
Authors: Kahdum Bashaer J. , Lafta Abbas J. , Johdh Amir M. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In this study, some types of composites consisting of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and spinel oxide (Co, Ni)3O4 were synthesized by simple evaporation method. These composites were characterized by UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-rays diffraction(XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and specific surface area(SBET). The photocatalytic activity of the prepared composites was investigated by the following removal of Bismarck brown G (BBG) dye from its aqueous solutions. The obtained results showed that using MWCNTs in combination with spinel oxide to produced composites (spinel/MWCNTs) which succeeded in increasing the activity of spinel oxide and exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than spinel oxide alone. Also it was found that, multiwalled carbon nanotubes were successful in increasing the adsorption and improving the activity of photocatalytic degradation of Bismarck brown G dye(BBG). The obtained results showed that spinel/MWCNTs was more active in dye removal in comparison with each of spinel oxide and MWCNTs alone under the same reaction conditions. Also band gap energies for the prepared composites showed lower values in comparison with neat spinel. This point represents a promising observation as these composites can be excited using a lower energy radiation sources.
Mass transfer and thermodynamic modeling of carbon dioxide absorption into MEA aqueous solution
Authors: Ghaemi Ahad 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In this research, thermodynamic and absorption rate of carbon dioxide in monoethanolamine (MEA) solution was investigated. A correlation based on both liquid and a gas phase variable for carbon dioxide absorption rate was presented using the π-Buckingham theorem. The correlation was constructed based on dimensionless numbers, including carbon dioxide loading, carbon dioxide partial pressure, film parameter and the ratio of liquid phase film thickness and gas phase film thickness. The film parameter is used to apply the effect of chemical reactions on absorption rate. A thermodynamic model based on the extended-UNIQUAC equations for the activity coefficients coupled with the Virial equation of state for representing the non-ideality of the vapor phase was used to predict the CO2 solubility in the CO2-MEA-H2O system. The average absolute error of the results for the correlation was 6.4%, which indicates the accuracy of the proposed correlation.
Effectiveness factor of two-dimensional ring-shaped catalyst pellets
Authors: Asif Mohammad , Ibrahim Ahmed A. , Mohammed Yahya A. , Al-Ghurabi Ebrahim H. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The use of hollow catalytic support improves the utilization of the catalytic material because of the absence of the pellet core, and moreover ensures low reactor pressure drop owing to enhanced bed voidage. In this study, the expressions for the efficient computation of the effectiveness factor are derived for a ring-shaped catalyst pellet undergoing first-order irreversible reaction. The methodology consists of using solutions of one-dimensional problems to remove non-homogeneous boundary conditions. The expressions obtained exhibit significantly faster convergence behavior than those reported in literature. The shape parameters, namely, the height-to-diameter ratio and the inner-to-outer radii ratio, significantly affect the catalyst utilization, such that several-fold improvement in the effectiveness factor is achievable.
PANI/NaTaO3 composite photocatalyst for enhanced hydrogen generation under UV light irradiation
Authors: Zielińska Beata , Schmidt Beata , Mijowska Ewa , Kaleńczuk Ryszard 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
A PANI/NaTaO3 composite was successfully synthesized by an oxidative polymerization of aniline monomer in hydrochloric acid solution containing sodium tantalate. NaTaO3 at a monoclinic structure was produced via hydrothermal method. The photocatalytic activities of the unmodified NaTaO3 and PANI/NaTaO3 were evaluated for hydrogen generation from an aqueous HCOOH solution and under UV light irradiation. The results showed that the evolution rate of H2 increased significantly when NaTaO3 was modified with PANI. The enhancement of the photocatalytic activity of PANI/NaTaO3 composite was ascribed to the effective charge transfer and separation between NaTaO3 and PANI, which reduced their recombination. This indicates that PANI modification of tantalate photocatalysts may open up a new way to prepare highly efficient catalytic materials for H2 generation.
Effect of the two-stage thermal disintegration and anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge on the COD fractions
Authors: Ciaciuch Anna , Gaca Jerzy , Lelewer Karolina 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The research presents the changes in chemical oxygen demand (COD) fractions during the two-stage thermal disintegration and anaerobic digestion (AD) of sewage sludge in municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Four COD fractions have been separated taking into account the solubility of substrates and their susceptibility to biodegradation: inert soluble organic matter SI, readily biodegradable substrate SS, slowly biodegradable substrates XS and inert particulate organic material XI. The results showed that readily biodegradable substrates SS (46.8% of total COD) and slowly biodegradable substrates XS (36.1% of total COD) were dominant in the raw sludge effluents. In sewage effluents after two-stage thermal disintegration, the percentage of SS fraction increased to 90% of total COD and percentage of XS fraction decreased to 8% of total COD. After AD, percentage of SS fraction in total COD decreased to 64%, whereas the percentage of other fractions in effluents increased.
New corpus-linguistic approaches to the investigation of poetic occasionalisms: The case of Johann Nepomuk Nestroy
Authors: Dressler Wolfgang U. , Tumfart Barbara 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper reports on new approaches to the analysis of poetic occasionalisms, i.e. of words created by an author for a specific place in a literary text, and exemplifies them with the occasionalisms found in three comedies by Johann Nepomuk Nestroy, the greatest Austrian comedy writer and creator of new words in the 19th century. Corpuslinguistic search in Nestroy’s complete works and in large German electronic corpora enables better decisions with regard to whether an unfamiliar word was really an occasionalism. Comparison with Nestroy’s French models (never done so far) shows that these occasionalisms are really Nestroy’s original creations. Two new analyses of their relative audacity offer novel insights, which are corroborated by a first comparison between Nestroy’s and a rival’s occasionalisms. Next, the results of a cotextual and contextual analysis of occasionalisms are offered. Finally, for the first time it is studied to which actors the presentation of most occasionalisms was assigned in order to achieve optimal theatrical effects.
Survival of BRCA2-Deficient Cells Is Promoted by GIPC3, a Novel Genetic Interactor of BRCA2
Authors: Ding Xia , Philip Subha , Martin Betty K , Pang Yan , Burkett Sandra , Swing Deborah A , Pamala Chinmayi , Ritt Daniel A , Zhou Ming , Morrison Deborah K , Ji Xinhua , Sharan Shyam K 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
BRCA2 loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH) is frequently observed in BRCA2-mutated tumors, but its biallelic loss causes embryonic lethality in mice and inhibits proliferation of normal somatic cells. Therefore, it remains unclear how loss of BRCA2 contributes to tumorigenesis. One possibility is that mutation in potential genetic interactors of BRCA2, such as TRP53, is required for cell survival/proliferation in the absence of BRCA2. In this study, using an insertional mutagenesis screen in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC), we have identified GIPC3 (GAIP-interacting protein C-terminus 3) as a BRCA2 genetic interactor that contributes to survival of Brca2-null mESC. GIPC3 does not compensate for BRCA2 loss in the repair of double-strand breaks. Mass-spectrometric analysis resulted in the identification of G-protein signaling transducers, APPL1 and APPL2, as potential GIPC3-binding proteins. A mutant GIPC3 (His155Ala) that does not bind to APPL1/2 failed to rescue the lethality of Brca2-null mESC, suggesting that the cell viability by GIPC3 is mediated via APPL1/2. Finally, the physiological significance of GIPC3 as a genetic interactor of BRCA2 is supported by the observation that Brca2-null embryos with Gipc3 overexpression are developmentally more advanced than their control littermates. Taken together, we have uncovered a novel role for GIPC3 as a BRCA2 genetic interactor.
A Comprehensive Review of Sequencing and Combination Strategies of Targeted Agents in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Ciombor Kristen K. , Bekaii-Saab Tanios 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

The emergence of targeted therapies for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has considerably improved survival, but has also resulted in a dilemma of identifying the optimal sequence and combination of various agents in the mCRC treatment landscape. A number of cytotoxic agents, including irinotecan, oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, and TAS-102, are available for treatment of mCRC. Additionally, whereas patients harboring rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (RAS)–wild type mCRC can be treated with the anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab or antiangiogenic agents (bevacizumab, ziv-aflibercept, and ramucirumab), patients with RAS-mutant mCRC are limited to antiangiogenic agents as biologic options. Regorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor, can be used in both RAS subgroups. As such, the recommended sequence of therapies that should be received by each subgroup must also be considered separately. This review provides an overview of recent clinical data for approved and investigational targeted therapies that have been studied across different mCRC treatment lines and patient subgroups. It also examines emerging trends in the treatment landscape for mCRC, including treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors and the utilization of genomic profiling.

Implications for Practice
Currently, there are no established guidelines for optimal sequencing of cytotoxic or targeted agents in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This review provides a snapshot of the current mCRC treatment paradigm and examines the latest clinical data that support the utilization of several targeted agents alone or in combination with backbone chemotherapy across different lines of treatment and patient populations, highlighting recommendations for their usage. Recent advances in the treatment landscape are also summarized, including genomic profiling and preliminary results with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Underutilize Immune Response Monitoring
Authors: Connell Claire M. , Raby Sophie E.M. , Beh Ian , Flint Thomas R. , Williams Edward H. , Fearon Douglas T. , Jodrell Duncan I. , Janowitz Tobias 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Immune-related radiological and biomarker monitoring in cancer immunotherapy trials permits interrogation of efficacy and reasons for therapeutic failure. We report the results from a cross-sectional analysis of response monitoring in 685 T-cell checkpoint-targeted cancer immunotherapy trials in solid malignancies, as registered on the U.S. National Institutes of Health trial registry by October 2016. Immune-related radiological response criteria were registered for only 25% of clinical trials. Only 38% of trials registered an exploratory immunological biomarker, and registration of immunological biomarkers has decreased over the last 15 years. We suggest that increasing the utilization of immune-related response monitoring across cancer immunotherapy trials will improve analysis of outcomes and facilitate translational efforts to extend the benefit of immunotherapy to a greater proportion of patients with cancer.
Outcomes of a Specialized Interdisciplinary Approach for Patients with Cancer with Aberrant Opioid-Related Behavior
Authors: Arthur Joseph , Edwards Tonya , Reddy Suresh , Nguyen Kristy , Hui David , Yennu Sriram , Park Minjeong , Liu Diane , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background
Data on the development and outcomes of effective interventions to address aberrant opioid-related behavior (AB) in patients with cancer are lacking. Our outpatient supportive care clinic developed and implemented a specialized interdisciplinary team approach to manage patients with AB. The purpose of this study was to report clinical outcomes of this novel intervention.

Materials and Methods
The medical records of 30 consecutive patients with evidence of AB who received the intervention and a random control group of 70 patients without evidence of AB between January 1, 2015, and August 31, 2016, were reviewed.

Results
At baseline, pain intensity (p = .002) and opioid dose (p = .001) were significantly higher among patients with AB. During the course of the study, the median number of ABs per month significantly decreased from three preintervention to 0.4 postintervention (p &lt; .0001). The median morphine equivalent daily dose decreased from 165 mg/day at the first intervention visit to 112 mg/day at the last follow-up (p = .018), although pain intensity did not significantly change (p = .984). “Request for opioid medication refills in the clinic earlier than the expected time” was the AB with the highest frequency prior to the intervention and the greatest improvement during the study period. Younger age (p &lt; .0001) and higher Edmonton Symptom Assessment System anxiety score (p = .005) were independent predictors of the presence of AB.

Conclusion
The intervention was associated with a reduction in the frequency of AB and opioid utilization among patients with cancer receiving chronic opioid therapy. More research is needed to further characterize the clinical effectiveness of this intervention.

Implications for Practice
There are currently no well-defined and evidence-based strategies to manage cancer patients on chronic opioid therapy who demonstrate aberrant opioid-related behavior. The findings of this study offer a promising starting point for the creation of a standardized strategy for clinicians and provides valuable information to guide their practice regarding these patients. The study results will also help clinicians to better understand the types and frequencies of the most common aberrant behaviors observed among patients with cancer who are receiving chronic opioid therapy. This will enhance the process of timely patient identification, management, or referral to the appropriate specialist teams.
The role of social dimensions on the urban sustainability (Study on the form and social structure integration in the peri-urban areas in Sulaimanyiah city)
Authors: Rasul Dr. Hoshyar , Muhammed Dr. Othman 
Published: October 2017

Urban development and urban expansion, usually followed by transformations of cities and their surroundings (rural, urban or both). Communities , which have been lived in environments different from those experienced today, became living in hybrid environment, where different urban environments blend. Addressed to the State that result from this development and expansion, emerging negative social effects, which took as a base in exploring a rule of design strategies in restructuring of these areas. It is necessary in thus rapid urbanization situations, which causes an increased fragmentation and heterogeneity around cities, to create urban forms most appropriate for residual growth of these peri-urban settlements on the one hand, and for overall growth of the city as a unified unit, on the other hand. The importance of the study emerged from solving the problem of (integration of urban form and social structure) that may occur during and after the change in peri- urban areas surrounding the southern part of Sulaimaniyah city, due to building a new city (2020) as planned. The paper is trying to explore an appropriate strategy and a mechanism for how this process (reshaping) will occurred, in order to achieve the urban sustainability. So the social dimensions which have a crucial influences on sustainable re-configuration of the city, took as a study hypothec, in order to avoid a state of (urban segregation). To reach this goal, the (Qualitative methods) based as methodology, depending on the introspective views and inductive approaches to draw the proposed frame work, which treated by the study as a (new context), requires the new strategy, for areas around the city described as fragmented, affecting the overall view of urban form, and social cohesion in each settlement as well.
The study at last, achieved that the configuration will come from the human interaction with both dynamic (social environment), and fixed attributes (natural environment). Besides of that, the social dimensions have had the crucial influences on the urban form in one side, and on the sustainable re-configurations process in the peri-urban areas in the other side.