bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complete Genome Sequences of Two Chikungunya Viruses Isolated in the Central African Republic in the 1970s and 1980s
Authors: Tricou Vianney , Desdouits Marion , Nakouné Emmanuel , Gessain Antoine , Kazanji Mirdad , Berthet Nicolas 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
Some arboviruses threaten human global health with potentially explosive emergence. Analysis of whole-genome sequences of decades-old isolates might contribute to the understanding of the complex dynamics which drive their circulation and emergence. Here, we report the whole-genome sequences of two Chikungunya viruses isolated in the Central African Republic in the 1970s and 1980s.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Immunobiotic Strain Lactobacillus jensenii TL2937
Authors: Villena Julio , Masumizu Yuki , Iida Hikaru , Ikeda-Ohtsubo Wakako , Albarracin Leonardo , Makino Seiya , Ohkawara Sou , Kimura Katsunori , Saavedra Lucila , Hebert Elvira Maria , Kitazawa Haruki 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

The genome of the immunomodulatory strain
Lactobacillus jensenii
TL2937 is described here. The draft genome has a total length of 1,678,416 bp, a G+C content of 34.3%, and 1,470 predicted protein-coding sequences. The genome information will be useful for gaining insight into the immunomodulatory properties of the TL2937 strain in the porcine host.
Draft Genome Sequence of Desulfuromonas acetexigens Strain 2873, a Novel Anode-Respiring Bacterium
Authors: Katuri Krishna P. , Albertsen Mads , Saikaly Pascal E. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Desulfuromonas acetexigens
strain 2873, which was originally isolated from digester sludge from a sewage treatment plant in Germany. This bacterium is capable of anode respiration with high electrochemical activity in microbial electrochemical systems. The draft genome contains 3,376 predicted protein-coding genes and putative multiheme c-type cytochromes.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Plant Growth–Promoting Rhizobacterium Acinetobacter radioresistens Strain SA188 Isolated from the Desert Plant
Indigofera argentea
Authors: Lafi Feras F. , Alam Intikhab , Bisseling Ton , Geurts Rene , Bajic Vladimir B. , Hirt Heribert , Saad Maged M. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Acinetobacter radioresistens
strain SA188 is a plant endophytic bacterium, isolated from root nodules of the desert plants
Indigofera
spp., collected in Jizan, Saudi Arabia. Here, we report the 3.2-Mb draft genome sequence of strain SA188, highlighting characteristic pathways for plant growth–promoting activity and environmental adaptation.
Novel Single-Stranded DNA Virus Genomes Recovered from Chimpanzee Feces Sampled from the Mambilla Plateau in Nigeria
Authors: Walters Matthew , Bawuro Musa , Christopher Alfred , Knight Alexander , Kraberger Simona , Stainton Daisy , Chapman Hazel , Varsani Arvind 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
Metagenomic approaches are rapidly expanding our knowledge of the diversity of viruses. In the fecal matter of Nigerian chimpanzees we recovered three gokushovirus genomes, one circular replication-associated protein encoding single-stranded DNA virus (CRESS), and a CRESS DNA molecule.
Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas fluorescens ML11A, an Endogenous Strain from Brook Charr with Antagonistic Properties against Aeromonas salmonicida subsp.
salmonicida
Authors: Gauthier Jeff , Charette Steve J. , Derome Nicolas 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas fluorescens
ML11A, isolated from brook charr, showed a strong
in vitro
inhibitory effect against
Aeromonas salmonicida
subsp.
salmonicida
, a bacterial fish pathogen. Its genome harbors gene clusters for siderophore and bacteriocin biosynthesis and shares 99% whole-genome identity with
P. fluorescens
A506, a biological control strain used in agriculture.
Genome Sequences of Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica
Serovar Infantis Strains from Hungary Representing Two Peak Incidence Periods in Three Decades
Authors: Wilk Tímea , Szabó Móni , Szmolka Ama , Kiss János , Olasz Ferenc , Nagy Béla 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Four strains of
Salmonella enterica
subsp.
enterica
serovar Infantis isolated from humans (1980 to 1982) and broiler chickens (2016) have been sequenced. They represent the early and recent peak incidences of this serovar in Hungary. Genome sequences of these isolates provide comparative data on the evolution and rise of an endemic
S
. Infantis clone in Hungary.
Draft Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi IMR_TP298/15, a Strain with Intermediate Susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin, Isolated from a Typhoid Outbreak
Authors: Ahmad Norazah , Hii Shirley Yi Fen , Hashim Rohaidah , Issa Rahizan 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Salmonella enterica
serovar Typhi with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin is increasingly being reported globally. An outbreak caused by
Salmonella
Typhi with decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility has not been reported before in Malaysia. We present here the annotated draft genome of a
Salmonella
Typhi strain involved in a typhoid outbreak.
Complete Genome Sequence of Variant Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Strain CH/HNZZ47/2016 Isolated from Suckling Piglets in China
Authors: Liu Xinsheng , Zhang Qiaoling , Fang Yuzhen , Zhou Peng , Lu Yanzhen , Xiao Shuai , Dong Zhaoliang , Zhang Yongguang , Wang Yonglu 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) could cause an acute and highly contagious enteric disease in swine. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of PEDV strain CH/HNZZ47/2016 isolated from suckling piglets with mild diarrhea in Henan Province, China. It will help understand the molecular and evolutionary characteristics of PEDV in China.
Genome Sequence of Delftia acidovorans HK171, a Nematicidal Bacterium Isolated from Tomato Roots
Authors: Han Jae Woo , Oh Mira , Choi Gyung Ja , Kim Hun 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Delftia acidovorans
strain HK171, isolated from tomato roots, exhibited nematicidal activity against
Meloidogyne incognita
. Here, we present the genome sequence of
D. acidovorans
strain HK171, which consists of one circular chromosome of 6,430,384 bp, with 66.9% G+C content.
Genome Sequence of Serratia marcescens MSU97, a Plant-Associated Bacterium That Makes Multiple Antibiotics
Authors: Matilla Miguel A. , Udaondo Zulema , Krell Tino , Salmond George P. C. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Serratia marcescens
MSU97 was isolated from the Guayana region of Venezuela due to its ability to suppress plant-pathogenic oomycetes. Here, we report the genome sequence of MSU97, which produces various antibiotics, including the bacterial acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) carboxylase inhibitor andrimid, the chlorinated macrolide oocydin A, and the red linear tripyrrole antibiotic prodigiosin.
The Insect Pathogens
Authors: Lovett Brian , St. Leger Raymond J. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTFungi are the most common disease-causing agents of insects; aside from playing a crucial role in natural ecosystems, insect-killing fungi are being used as alternatives to chemical insecticides and as resources for biotechnology and pharmaceuticals. Some common experimentally tractable genera, such asMetarhiziumspp., exemplify genetic diversity and dispersal because they contain numerous intraspecific variants with distinct environmental and insect host ranges. The availability of tools for molecular genetics and multiple sequenced genomes has made these fungi ideal experimental models for answering basic questions on the genetic and genomic processes behind adaptive phenotypes. For example, comparative genomics of entomopathogenic fungi has shown they exhibit diverse reproductive modes that often determine rates and patterns of genome evolution and are linked as cause or effect with pathogenic strategies. Fungal-insect pathogens represent lifestyle adaptations that evolved numerous times, and there are significant differences in host range and pathogenic strategies between the major groups. However, typically, spores landing on the cuticle produce appressoria and infection pegs that breach the cuticle using mechanical pressure and cuticle-degrading enzymes. Once inside the insect body cavity, fungal pathogens face a potent and comprehensively studied immune defense by which the host attempts to eliminate or reduce an infection. The Fungal Kingdom stands alone in the range, extent, and complexity of their manipulation of arthropod behavior. In part, this is because most only sporulate on cadavers, so they must ensure the dying host positions itself to allow efficient transmission.
Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Cell Fusion and Heterokaryon Formation in Filamentous Fungi
Authors: Daskalov Asen , Heller Jens , Herzog Stephanie , Fleißner André , Glass N. Louise 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
For the majority of fungal species, the somatic body of an individual is a network of interconnected cells sharing a common cytoplasm and organelles. This syncytial organization contributes to an efficient distribution of resources, energy, and biochemical signals. Cell fusion is a fundamental process for fungal development, colony establishment, and habitat exploitation and can occur between hyphal cells of an individual colony or between colonies of genetically distinct individuals. One outcome of cell fusion is the establishment of a stable heterokaryon, culminating in benefits for each individual via shared resources or being of critical importance for the sexual or parasexual cycle of many fungal species. However, a second outcome of cell fusion between genetically distinct strains is formation of unstable heterokaryons and the induction of a programmed cell death reaction in the heterokaryotic cells. This reaction of nonself rejection, which is termed heterokaryon (or vegetative) incompatibility, is widespread in the fungal kingdom and acts as a defense mechanism against genome exploitation and mycoparasitism. Here, we review the currently identified molecular players involved in the process of somatic cell fusion and its regulation in filamentous fungi. Thereafter, we summarize the knowledge of the molecular determinants and mechanism of heterokaryon incompatibility and place this phenomenon in the broader context of biotropic interactions and immunity.
Melanin, Radiation, and Energy Transduction in Fungi
Authors: Casadevall Arturo , Cordero Radames J. B. , Bryan Ruth , Nosanchuk Joshua , Dadachova Ekaterina 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
Melanin pigments are found in many diverse fungal species, where they serve a variety of functions that promote fitness and cell survival. Melanotic fungi inhabit some of the most extreme habitats on earth such as the damaged nuclear reactor at Chernobyl and the highlands of Antarctica, both of which are high-radiation environments. Melanotic fungi migrate toward radioactive sources, which appear to enhance their growth. This phenomenon, combined with the known capacities of melanin to absorb a broad spectrum of electromagnetic radiation and transduce this radiation into other forms of energy, raises the possibility that melanin also functions in harvesting such energy for biological usage. The ability of melanotic fungi to harness electromagnetic radiation for physiological processes has enormous implications for biological energy flows in the biosphere and for exobiology, since it provides new mechanisms for survival in extraterrestrial conditions. Whereas some features of the way melanin-related energy transduction works can be discerned by linking various observations and circumstantial data, the mechanistic details remain to be discovered.
Correlation study of adenosine deaminase and its isoenzymes in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sapkota Lokendra Bahadur , Thapa Sangita , Subedi Nuwadatta 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveAdenosine deaminase (ADA) plays an important role in cell-mediated immunity and modulation of insulin activity. Its clinical and diagnostic significance in Nepalese type 2 diabetes is not yet characterized. So, this study's objective was to determine the isoenzymatic activities of ADA (ADA1, ADA2, and total ADA) and show its correlation with demographic, anthropometric, and biochemical characteristics of type 2 Nepalese subjects with diabetes.Research design and methodsThis is a hospital-based cross-sectional study including 80 type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and same number of age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls. Data were collected using preformed set of questionnaires and biochemical data were obtained from the laboratory analysis of the patient's blood samples. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS V.20.ResultsA significantly higher (p<0.001) mean values of body mass index (BMI), fasting blood sugar (FBS), postprandial blood sugar (PPBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipid profiles except high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were found in type 2 diabetic cases compared with controls. Serum ADA activities were significantly higher in cases compared with controls (p<0.001) showing significant positive correlation (p<0.05) with FBS, PPBS, HbA1c, and alcoholism; while no correlation was found with age, sex, ethnicity, BMI, waist–hip ratio, dietary habits, smoking, and duration of diabetes.ConclusionsSerum ADA activities were significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients compared with controls having significant positive correlation with glycemic parameters. Serum ADA and its isoenzymes could be used as biomarkers for assessing glycemic status in patients with type 2 DM.
Effectiveness of problem gambling interventions in a service setting: a protocol for a pragmatic randomised controlled clinical trial
Authors: Abbott M , Bellringer M , Vandal A C , Hodgins D C , Battersby M , Rodda S N 
Published: March 2017

IntroductionThe primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the relative effectiveness of 2 of the best developed and most promising forms of therapy for problem gambling, namely face-to-face motivational interviewing (MI) combined with a self-instruction booklet (W) and follow-up telephone booster sessions (B; MI+W+B) and face-to-face cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT).Methods and analysisThis project is a single-blind pragmatic randomised clinical trial of 2 interventions, with and without the addition of relapse-prevention text messages. Trial assessments take place pretreatment, at 3 and 12 months. A total of 300 participants will be recruited through a community treatment agency that provides services across New Zealand and randomised to up to 10 face-to-face sessions of CBT or 1 face-to-face session of MI+W+up to 5 B. Participants will also be randomised to 9 months of postcare text messaging. Eligibility criteria include a self-perception of having a current gambling problem and a willingness to participate in all components of the study (eg, read workbook). The statistical analysis will use an intent-to-treat approach. Primary outcome measures are days spent gambling and amount of money spent per day gambling in the prior month. Secondary outcome measures include problem gambling severity, gambling urges, gambling cognitions, mood, alcohol, drug use, tobacco, psychological distress, quality of life, health status and direct and indirect costs associated with treatment.Ethics and disseminationThe research methods to be used in this study have been approved by the Ministry of Health, Health and Disability Ethics Committees (HDEC) 15/CEN/99. The investigators will provide annual reports to the HDEC and report any adverse events to this committee. Amendments will also be submitted to this committee. The results of this trial will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and as a report to the funding body. Additionally, the results will be presented at national and international conferences.Trial registration numberACTRN12615000637549.
Acceptability of the Cytosponge procedure for detecting Barrett's oesophagus: a qualitative study
Authors: Freeman Madeleine , Offman Judith , Walter Fiona M , Sasieni Peter , Smith Samuel G 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveTo investigate the acceptability of the Cytosponge, a novel sampling device to detect Barrett's oesophagus (BE), a precursor to oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), among people with risk factors for this condition.DesignA qualitative study using semistructured interviews and focus group discussions. Data were explored by three researchers using thematic analysis.SettingCommunity setting in London, UK.ParticipantsA recruitment company identified 33 adults (17 men, 16 women) aged 50–69 years with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a risk factor for BE. The majority of participants were white British (73%). The focus groups were stratified by gender and education. 10 individuals were interviewed and 23 participated in four focus groups.Results3 key themes emerged from the data: the anticipated physical experience, preferences for the content of information materials and comparisons with the current gold-standard test. Overall acceptability was high, but there was initial concern about the physical experience of taking the test, including swallowing and extracting the Cytosponge. These worries were reduced after handling the device and a video demonstration of the procedure. Knowledge of the relationship between GERD, BE and EAC was poor, and some suggested they would prefer not to know about the link when being offered the Cytosponge. Participants perceived the Cytosponge to be more comfortable, practical and economical than endoscopy.ConclusionsThese qualitative data suggest the Cytosponge was acceptable to the majority of participants with risk factors for BE, and could be used as a first-line test to investigate GERD symptoms. Concerns about the physical experience of the test were alleviated through multimedia resources. The development of patient information materials is an important next step to ensuring patients are adequately informed and reassured about the procedure. Patient stakeholders should be involved in this process to ensure their concerns and preferences are considered.Trial registration numberISRCTN68382401; pre-results.
Knowledge is Power. A quality improvement project to increase patient understanding of their hospital stay
Authors: Nicholson Thomas Eleanor , Edwards Lloyd , McArdle Paul 
Published: March 2017

Patients frequently leave hospital uninformed about the details of their hospital stay with studies showing that only 59.9% of patients are able to accurately state their diagnosis and ongoing management after discharge. 1 2 This places patients at a higher risk of complications. Educating patients by providing them with accurate and understandable information enables them to take greater control, potentially reducing readmission rates, and unplanned visits to secondary services whilst providing safer care and improving patient satisfaction. 3 4We wished to investigate whether through a simple intervention, we could improve the understanding and retention of key pieces of clinical information in those patients recently admitted to hospital.A leaflet was designed to trigger patients to ask questions about key aspects of their stay. This was then given to inpatients who were interviewed two weeks later using telephone follow up to assess their understanding of their hospital admission. Patients were asked about their diagnosis, new medications, likely complications, follow up arrangements and recommended points of contact in case of difficulty. Sequential modifications were made using PDSA cycles to maximise the impact and benefit of the process.Baseline data revealed that only 77% of patients could describe their diagnosis and only 27% of patients knew details about their new medications. After the leaflet intervention these figures improved to 100% and 71% respectively.Too often patients are unaware about what happens to them whilst in hospital and are discharged unsafely and dissatisfied as a result. A simple intervention such as a leaflet prompting patients to ask questions and take responsibility for their health can make a difference in potentially increasing patient understanding and thereby reducing risk.
Patient values informing medical treatment: a pilot community and advance care planning survey
Authors: Milnes S , Corke C , Orford N R , Bailey M , Savulescu J , Wilkinson D 
Published: March 2017

Medicine regards the prevention of death as an important priority. Yet patients may have a range of priorities of equal or greater importance. These other priorities are often not discussed or appreciated by treating doctors.ObjectivesWe sought to identify priorities of care for patients attending an advance care planning (ACP) clinic and among the general population, and to identify factors associated with priorities other than prolonging life.MethodsWe used a locally developed survey tool ‘What Matters Most’ to identify values. Choices presented were: maintaining dignity, avoiding pain and suffering, living as long as possible, and remaining independent. Participants rated the importance of each and then selected a main priority for their doctor. Participant groups were a purposive sample of 382 lay people from the general population and 100 attendees at an ACP clinic.ResultsLiving as long as possible was considered to be less important than other values for ACP patients and for the general population. Only 4% of ACP patients surveyed and 2.6% of our general population sample selected ‘living as long as possible’ as their top priority for medical treatment.Conclusions‘Living as long as possible’ was not the most important value for ACP patients, or for a younger general population. Prioritisation of other goals appeared to be independent of extreme age or illness. When end of life treatment is being discussed with patients, priorities other than merely prolonging life should be considered.
Impact thromboelastometry (ITEM) for point-of-injury detection of trauma-induced coagulopathy: a pilot study
Authors: Doyle Gerard S , Theodore Aristotle A , Hansen J Nicholas 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundAcute coagulopathy of trauma is associated with high mortality and extensive use of blood products. Hemostatic resuscitation, the early administration of blood products with higher ratios of procoagulant components, may improve trauma outcomes in select cases, but can also worsen outcome if inappropriately used. Evolving approaches to hemostatic resuscitation utilize viscoelastic tests to provide a more rational basis for choosing blood component therapy regimens, but these tests are logistically rigorous. We hypothesized that coagulopathy could be detected by the failure of blood clots to remain intact when subjected to a predefined impact force.MethodsWe aim to develop a point-of-injury test for coagulopathy. We created coagulopathic blood using an ex vivo normal saline (NS) dilution model and allowed blood of varying dilutions to clot, then examined the behavior of the clotted blood when subjected to a uniform gravitationally induced sheer force.ResultsClots created from coagulopatic blood (diluted to ≤50% with NS) failed under gravitational challenge at a significantly higher rate than non-coagulopathic blood dilutions.DiscussionImpact thromboelastometry (ITEM) represents a simple, logistically lean method for detecting dilutional coagulopathy that may facilitate detection of trauma-induced coagulopathy. ITEM may thus function as a point-of-injury or point-of-care screening test for the presence of coagulopathy.Level of evidenceDiagnostic studies, Level IV.
Spin jumping in the context of a QCD effective model
Authors: de Gracia G. B. 
Published: March 2017

The tensor formulation for the effective theory of QCD vector resonances, whose model we denote by TEVR, is given by an antisymmetric tensor field and describes spin 1 particles. Our goal is to show, by different approaches, that the Abelian version of this model presents the so-called “spin jumping” when we consider its massless limit. Classically we find, by the use of the equations of motion and the Hamiltonian constraint analysis, that the massive phase of the model describes spin 1 particles while its massless phase describes spin 0 particles. From the quantum point of view, we derive these conclusions via tree-level unitarity analysis and the master action approach.