bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Event and community involvement of sport event volunteers
Authors: Hallmann Kirstin , Zehrer Anita 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential interrelationship between different types of volunteer involvement (event involvement and community involvement) and their impact on the behavioural intentions of different types of events.

Design/methodology/approach
By means of a survey, data from an one-off sport event (n=316), including volunteer tourists, and from annual sport events (n=278) in Germany were collected. Structural equation modelling was employed for data analysis.

Findings
Findings show that event involvement and community involvement are significantly correlated. Both influence future behavioural intentions for one-off events. But only event involvement and not community involvement influences behavioural intentions for annual events.

Research limitations/implications
The findings are underpinning the rationale of social identity theory from a theoretical perspective.

Practical implications
Volunteer managers learn that not only the volunteers’ involvement with event organisations, but also with the community (i.e. hosting destination) seems to be a key contributor of behavioural intentions and should therefore be fostered during the recruitment process and prior to the event.

Originality/value
This study is the first to compare involvement with two objects for different types of events. Therefore, this study adds to the rare literature looking at different event types in which an individual can volunteer.
The validity of two diagnostic systems for personality disorder in people with intellectual disabilities: a short report
Authors: Lindsay William R. , van Logten Anne , Didden Robert , Steptoe Lesley , Taylor John L. , Hogue Todd E. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeOver the last ten years, there has been greater interest in the diagnosis of personality disorder (PD) in people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). One important characteristic of a diagnostic system is that it should have validity as a contribution to utility. PD has been found to have a predictive relationship with violence and the purpose of this paper is to review two methods for the diagnosis of PD in offenders with IDD in order to evaluate the utility of the diagnoses.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 212 offenders with ID were recruited from three settings – maximum-security, medium/low security and community services. Diagnoses of PD in the case files were compared with a structured system of diagnosis based on DSM-IV traits.FindingsThere were significant differences between the two systems with a significantly higher frequency of PD diagnosis in the community forensic setting in the structured assessment system. There was no relationship between the case files diagnosis of PD and future violence but there was a significant predictive relationship between the structured diagnosis of PD and future violence with an AUC=0.62.Research limitations/implicationsAs with all such studies, the research is limited by the quality of the case files available to the researchers.Practical implicationsOnly the structured assessment of PD had utility for the prediction of violence. Reasons for the differences between the systems are discussed and suggestions made on how a diagnosis of PD can be structured for the busy clinician.Social implicationsThe accurate diagnosis of PD has important implications since the PD is a crucial addition to any violence risk evaluation.Originality/valueThis study is the first of its kind to review the way in which clinicians assess PD.
Social-moral awareness and theory of mind in adult offenders who have intellectual disabilities
Authors: Hammond Sarah , Beail Nigel 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
There has been little empirical investigation into the theoretical relationship between moral reasoning and offending in people with intellectual disabilities (ID). The purpose of this paper is to compare offending and non-offending ID groups on a new measure of social-moral awareness, and on theory of mind (ToM).

Design/methodology/approach
A between groups design was used. The scores of 21 male offenders and 21 male non-offenders, all with ID and matched for IQ, were compared on the Social-Moral Awareness Test (SMAT) and on two ToM tasks.

Findings
There was no significant difference in SMAT scores or on first- or second-order ToM tasks between offending and non-offending groups. Better ToM performance significantly predicted higher SMAT scores and non-offending groups. Better ToM performance significantly predicted higher SMAT scores.

Research limitations/implications
Results were inconsistent with previous research. Further work is required to establish the validity and theoretical underpinnings of the SMAT. Development in the measurement of ToM for people with ID is also required.

Originality/value
This is the first use of the SMAT with a population of offenders who have ID. The findings suggest caution in its use in clinical settings.
Gen Y-ers’ brand loyalty drivers in emerging devices
Authors: Giovanis Apostolos , Athanasopoulou Pinelopi 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
In emerging devices (smartphones, tablets, and notebooks) markets, increasing brand loyalty is critical for suppliers. Generation Y (Gen Y) is the first global target group and the best customer segment for emerging devices. The purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework that assesses the brand value of emerging devices as perceived by Gen Y-ers, identify the components that contribute to its formulation, and investigate its relative influence on the development of brand relationships, represented by satisfaction and brand trust, and on brand loyalty.

Design/methodology/approach
A mall-intercept survey of a sample of 1,109 Gen Y consumers was implemented using a structured questionnaire with established scales. Data were analyzed with PLS-PM, a SEM methodology.

Findings
Results show that brand satisfaction and reliability are the main drivers of Gen Y-ers’ brand loyalty followed by brand intentions, while both trust dimensions (reliability and intentions) and satisfaction partially mediate the relationship between brand value and brand loyalty. Brand value is also directly related to brand loyalty irrespective of consumer-brand relationship quality. Also, functional value-quality and emotional value are shown to be the most important components for brand value formulation followed by functional value-price and brand reputation (BRP) whereas symbolic value is the least important.

Research limitations/implications
The sample is country specific and this may affect generalizability of findings. Also, the cross-sectional design adopted does not reflect temporal changes.

Practical implications
Emerging devices should provide customers both functional (e.g. advanced features, attractive style, quality, durability) and emotional (entertainment, communication) benefits in order to increase brand loyalty. Furthermore, firms should manage their BRP since it can affect significantly brand value, customer-brand relationship quality, and brand loyalty.

Originality/value
The model developed provides a useful guideline for marketers in identifying the most important brand benefits for Gen Y-ers for developing relationships and stay loyal to a brand.
Plant Polyphenols as Antioxidant and Antibacterial Agents for Shelf‐Life Extension of Meat and Meat Products: Classification, Structures, Sources, and Action Mechanisms
Authors: Papuc Camelia , Goran Gheorghe V. , Predescu Corina N. , Nicorescu Valentin , Stefan Georgeta 
Published: September 2017

AbstractOxidative processes and meat spoilage bacteria are major contributors to decreasing the shelf‐life of meat and meat products. Oxidative processes occur during processing, storage, and light exposure, lowering the nutritional and sensory value and acceptability of meat and generating toxic compounds for humans. Polyphenols inhibit oxidative processes in 3 ways: as reactive species scavengers, lipoxygenase inhibitors, and reducing agents for metmyoglobin. Thus, polyphenols are candidate antioxidants for meat and meat products. The cross‐contamination of meat with spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms can occur in production lines and result in economic losses. The ability of polyphenols to interact with bacterial cell wall components and the bacterial cell membrane can prevent and control biofilm formation, as well as inhibit microbial enzymes, interfere in protein regulation, and deprive bacterial cell enzymes of substrates and metal ions. Thus, polyphenols are candidate antimicrobial agents for use with meat and meat products. Commercially available polyphenols can decrease primary and secondary lipid peroxidation levels, inhibit lipoxygenase activity, improve meat color stability, minimize the degradation of salt‐soluble myofibrillar protein and sulfhydryl groups, and retard bacterial growth. Further studies are now needed to clarify the synergistic/antagonistic action of various polyphenols, and to identify the best polyphenol classes, concentrations, and conditions of use.
The Causal Role of Alcohol Use in Adolescent Externalizing and Internalizing Problems: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Chao Miao , Li Xinying , McGue Matt 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundThe co‐occurrence of alcohol use and externalizing/internalizing problems threatens adolescents’ mental health. Research on whether alcohol use and these problems are causal and the direction of the potential causal relationships is needed to understand the mechanisms of the co‐occurrence.MethodsA Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted in which the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) rs671 polymorphism was used as an instrumental variable for alcohol use phenotypes. In total, 1,608 Chinese adolescents (mean age 14.11 ± 1.83 years) were genotyped for the ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism. Three externalizing problems (aggression, delinquency, and attention problems) were measured with the Youth Self‐Report inventory, and 2 internalizing problems (depression and anxiety) were measured with the self‐reported Children's Depression Inventory and the Trait subscale of the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory.ResultsAlcohol use was positively associated with all 3 externalizing and 2 internalizing problems, and the ALDH2 polymorphism had a significant effect on alcohol use. Aggression and attention problems were also significantly affected by the ALDH2 polymorphism, whereas no significant association was observed between the ALDH2 polymorphism and delinquency, anxiety, or depression.ConclusionsThe results suggest that alcohol use is a cause of adolescent aggression and attention problems but not adolescent delinquency, anxiety, or depression.
Neurotensin in the posterior thalamic paraventricular nucleus: inhibitor of pharmacologically relevant ethanol drinking
Authors: Pandey Surya , Badve Preeti S. , Curtis Genevieve R. , Leibowitz Sarah F. , Barson Jessica R. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIndividuals prone to ethanol overconsumption may have preexisting neurochemical disturbances that contribute to their vulnerability. This study examined the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT), a limbic structure recently shown to participate in ethanol intake. To identify individuals prone to ethanol overconsumption, we tested Long–Evans rats in behavioral paradigms and found high levels of vertical time (rearing behavior) in a novel activity chamber to be a consistent predictor of subsequent excessive 20 percent ethanol drinking under the intermittent access model. Examining neurochemicals in the PVT, we found before ethanol exposure that prone rats with high rearing, compared with non‐prone rats, had significantly lower levels of neurotensin (NTS) mRNA and peptide in the posterior (pPVT) but not anterior (aPVT) subregion of the PVT. Our additional finding that ethanol intake has no significant impact on either rearing or NTS levels indicates that these measures, which are different in prone rats before ethanol consumption, remain stable after ethanol consumption. The possibility that NTS directly controls ethanol drinking is supported by our finding that NTS administration specifically suppresses ethanol drinking when injected into the pPVT but not aPVT, with this effect occurring exclusively in higher drinkers that presumably have lower endogenous levels of NTS. Further, an NTS antagonist in the pPVT augments intake in lower drinkers with presumably more endogenous NTS, while NTS in the pPVT inhibits novelty‐induced rearing that predicts excessive drinking. Together, these results provide strong evidence that low endogenous levels of NTS in the pPVT contribute to an increased propensity toward excessive ethanol drinking.
‘It's like a frog leaping about in your chest’: Illness and treatment perceptions in persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Taylor Elaina C. , O'Neill Mark , Hughes Lyndsay D. , Carroll Susan , Moss‐Morris Rona 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesPersistent atrial fibrillation (AF) is an abnormal heart rhythm associated with low quality of life (QoL) and significant health‐related costs. The purpose of the study was to examine patients’ illness and treatment beliefs and ways of coping with AF symptoms, to provide insight into promoting better QoL and treatment‐specific management.DesignBeliefs were explored across three procedural treatment groups using a qualitative cross‐sectional design.MethodsThirty semi‐structured interviews were carried out with patients undertaking cardioversion (n = 10), catheter ablation (n = 11) and atrioventricular node ablation (n = 9). Interviews were transcribed and analysed using inductive thematic analysis with elements of grounded theory.ResultsAn overarching theme of a vicious cycle was evident, which related to perceived lack of knowledge and understanding of AF, attempts to control symptoms and negative emotional reactions to failed control attempts. This vicious cycle related to three subordinate themes: (1) unpredictability and uncertainty of AF and symptoms; (2) coping with symptoms through (a) avoidance (b) all‐or‐nothing‐ (c) slowing down behaviours; and (3) concerns and expectations about treatment.ConclusionsPatients outlined a need to gain control of unpredictable symptoms by monitoring and varying activity levels. These behaviours were often appraised as ineffective at controlling symptoms, leading to heightened uncertainty and increased activity avoidance. Treatment concerns escalated with increasing number and invasiveness of procedures. Improving AF patients’ perceived understanding of their illness and treatment and promoting more effective symptom‐management strategies may alleviate psychological distress and improve QoL. Themes elaborated on the common‐sense model whereby patients’ beliefs about illness and treatment interact with coping behaviours.
Statement of contribution

What is already known about this subject?

Quality of life (QoL) is disproportionately low in people with persistent atrial fibrillation (psAF).

The common‐sense model suggests illness perceptions and coping predict QoL in chronic illnesses.

No previous studies have examined the idiosyncratic beliefs and coping behaviours of psAF patients.

What does this study add?

A vicious cycle of perceived lack of understanding of AF, attempts to control AF and distress at failed attempts at control, was a key theme.

PsAF patients reported continued avoidance/all‐or‐nothing behaviours despite symptomatic relief post‐procedure, and disengagement from enjoyable activities.

PsAF patients reported procedure‐specific concerns/expectations, which could be targeted in future interventions aimed at reducing distress.
Selective HDAC6 inhibition decreases early stage of lupus nephritis by down-regulating both innate and adaptive immune responses
Authors: Ren J , Liao X , Vieson M D , Chen M , Scott R , Kazmierczak J , Luo X M , Reilly C M 
Published: September 2017

SummaryWe have demonstrated previously that histone deacetylase (HDAC6) expression is increased in animal models of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and that inhibition of HDAC6 decreased disease. In our current studies, we tested if an orally active selective HDAC6 inhibitor would decrease disease pathogenesis in a lupus mouse model with established early disease. Additionally, we sought to delineate the cellular and molecular mechanism(s) of action of a selective HDAC6 inhibitor in SLE. We treated 20-week-old (early-disease) New Zealand Black (NZB)/White F1 female mice with two different doses of the selective HDAC6 inhibitor (ACY-738) for 5 weeks. As the mice aged, we determined autoantibody production and cytokine levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and renal function by measuring proteinuria. At the termination of the study, we performed a comprehensive analysis on B cells, T cells and innate immune cells using flow cytometry and examined renal tissue for immune-mediated pathogenesis using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Our results showed a reduced germinal centre B cell response, decreased T follicular helper cells and diminished interferon (IFN)-γ production from T helper cells in splenic tissue. Additionally, we found the IFN-α-producing ability of plasmacytoid dendritic cells was decreased along with immunoglobulin isotype switching and the generation of pathogenic autoantibodies. Renal tissue showed decreased immunoglobulin deposition and reduced inflammation as judged by glomerular and interstitial inflammation. Taken together, these studies show selective HDAC6 inhibition decreased several parameters of disease pathogenesis in lupus-prone mice. The decrease was due in part to inhibition of B cell development and response.
Incorporating fragmentation and non‐native species into distribution models to inform fluvial fish conservation
Authors: Taylor Andrew T. , Papeş Monica , Long James M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractFluvial fishes face increased imperilment from anthropogenic activities, but the specific factors contributing most to range declines are often poorly understood. For example, the range of the fluvial‐specialist shoal bass (Micropterus cataractae) continues to decrease, yet how perceived threats have contributed to range loss is largely unknown. We used species distribution models to determine which factors contributed most to shoal bass range loss. We estimated a potential distribution based on natural abiotic factors and a series of currently occupied distributions that incorporated variables characterizing land cover, non‐native species, and river fragmentation intensity (no fragmentation, dams only, and dams and large impoundments). We allowed interspecific relationships between non‐native congeners and shoal bass to vary across fragmentation intensities. Results from the potential distribution model estimated shoal bass presence throughout much of their native basin, whereas models of currently occupied distribution showed that range loss increased as fragmentation intensified. Response curves from models of currently occupied distribution indicated a potential interaction between fragmentation intensity and the relationship between shoal bass and non‐native congeners, wherein non‐natives may be favored at the highest fragmentation intensity. Response curves also suggested that >100 km of interconnected, free‐flowing stream fragments were necessary to support shoal bass presence. Model evaluation, including an independent validation, suggested that models had favorable predictive and discriminative abilities. Similar approaches that use readily available, diverse, geospatial data sets may deliver insights into the biology and conservation needs of other fluvial species facing similar threats.
The effects of pirfenidone in patients with an acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia
Authors: Matsumura Takuma , Tsushima Kenji , Abe Mitsuhiro , Suzuki Kenichi , Yamagishi Kazutaka , Matsumura Akane , Ichimura Yasunori , Ikari Jun , Terada Jiro , Tatsumi Koichiro 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIntroductionThe prognosis of patients with an acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia (AE‐IP) is poor. Pirfenidone (PFD) reduces the disease progression in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was evaluating whether the administration of PFD improved the outcomes of AE‐IP.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of 31 patients with AE‐IP who did not recover between 7 and 14 days after an initial treatment. Fourteen patients received PFD within 2 weeks (PFD group) of the AE, while 17 patients were treated without PFD (non‐PFD group). The patients’ clinical data and computed tomography (CT) scores were analyzed.ResultsThe survival rate in the PFD group was not significantly different from non‐PFD group at 30 (78.6% vs 64.7%, P = .46) and 90 days (64.3% vs 52.9%, P = .72). The white blood cell counts in the PFD group were significantly lower on PFD day 14 than on PFD days 1 and 7. The C‐reactive protein levels in the PFD group were also significantly lower on PFD day 7 than on PFD day 1. There were no significant differences regarding the changes of the CT scores.ConclusionsPFD may reduce the inflammation in AE‐IP patients undergoing corticosteroid treatment.
Cognitive functioning over 2 years after intracerebral hemorrhage in school‐aged children
Authors: Murphy Lexa K , Compas Bruce E , Gindville Melissa C , Reeslund Kristen L , Jordan Lori C 
Published: September 2017

AimPrevious research investigating outcomes after pediatric intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has generally been limited to global and sensorimotor outcomes. This study examined cognitive outcomes after spontaneous ICH in school‐aged children with serial assessments over 2 years after stroke.MethodSeven children (age range 6–16y, median 13; six males, one female; 57% white, 43% black) presenting with spontaneous ICH (six arteriovenous malformations) were assessed at 3 months, 12 months, and 24 months after stroke. The Pediatric Stroke Outcome Measure (PSOM) quantified neurological outcome and Wechsler Intelligence Scales measured cognitive outcomes: verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed.ResultsPSOM scales showed improved neurological function over the first 12 months, with mild to no sensorimotor deficits and moderate overall deficits at 1‐ and 2‐year follow‐ups (median 2‐year sensorimotor PSOM=0.5, total PSOM=1.5). Changes in cognitive function indicated a different trajectory; verbal comprehension and perceptual reasoning improved over 24 months; low performance was sustained in processing speed and working memory. Age‐normed centile scores decreased between 1‐ and 2‐year follow‐ups for working memory, suggesting emerging deficits compared with peers.InterpretationEarly and serial cognitive testing in children with ICH is needed to assess cognitive functioning and support children in school as they age and cognitive deficits become more apparent and important for function.What this paper adds

In children with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), motor function improved between 3 months and 24 months.

Improvements in cognitive function were variable between 3 months and 24 months.

Working memory centiles declined, suggesting emerging deficits compared with peers.

Processing speed improved but remained significantly below the 50th centile.

Cognitive impact of ICH may increase with age in children.