bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iodine Pentoxide Nano‐rods for High Density Energetic Materials
Authors: Hobosyan Mkhitar A. , Martirosyan Karen S. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe iodine pentoxide is one of the most advanced oxidizers for nanostructured energetic formulations among the thermites due to the highest energy release per volume 25.7 kJ cm−3. The size and shape of iodine pentoxide particles have a strong impact on the pressurization rates during the reaction. Although micro‐sized iodine pentoxide particles are commercially available, nano‐sized particles, which are desired for various nano‐energetic applications, are not available on the market. Conventional wet chemical methods are unable to produce iodine pentoxide nanoparticles due to high solubility in water. In this study, we demonstrate fabrication of iodine pentoxide nano‐rods by high energy mechanical treatment of micro‐sized I2O5 particles. Tuning the energy dose in high‐energy ball milling is allowing to produce I2O5 nano‐rods with diameter of 50–100 nm and length of 300–600 nm. The produced nano‐rods exhibited 10 % smaller decomposition energy compared to the precursor of micro particles. The experiments showed that the nano‐energetic materials prepared with nano‐sized I2O5 rods have pressure discharge value of 43.4 MPa g−1 which is two times higher than using commercial iodine pentoxide particles.
Efficient Sensitivity Reducing and Hygroscopicity Preventing of Ultra‐Fine Ammonium Perchlorate for High Burning‐Rate Propellants
Authors: Yang Zhijian , Gong Feiyan , Ding Ling , Li Yubin , Yang Guangcheng , Nie Fude 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn this research, several inert materials, including some functional carbon materials, paraffin wax and the well‐known insensitive energetic material 1,3,5‐triamino‐2,4,6‐trinitrobenzene (TATB) were selected to reduce the undesirable high sensitivity and hygroscopicity of ultra‐fine ammonium perchlorate (UF‐AP) via polymer modified coating. Structure, sensitivity, thermal and hygroscopicity performances of the UF‐AP based composites were systematically studied by scanning electron microscopy, sensitivity tests, thermal experiments, contact angle, and hygroscopicity analysis. The results showed that both the impact and friction sensitivity of UF‐AP can be remarkably reduced, respectively, with only a small amount of 2 % (in mass) desensitization agents. Meanwhile, improved thermal decomposition was gained, and the hygroscopicity can also be reduced to a large extent. Propellants containing 10 % coated UF‐AP in mass were processed and tested, the burning rate reached 45.7 mm s−1, 50 % higher compared with that of normal AP, with remarkably reduced impact sensitivity from 11.5 J to 29.6 J and friction sensitivity from 76 % to 28 %.
BECN2 interacts with ATG14 through a metastable coiled‐coil to mediate autophagy
Authors: Su Minfei , Li Yue , Wyborny Shane , Neau David , Chakravarthy Srinivas , Levine Beth , Colbert Christopher L. , Sinha Sangita C. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractATG14 binding to BECN/Beclin homologs is essential for autophagy, a critical catabolic homeostasis pathway. Here, we show that the α‐helical, coiled‐coil domain (CCD) of BECN2, a recently identified mammalian BECN1 paralog, forms an antiparallel, curved homodimer with seven pairs of nonideal packing interactions, while the BECN2 CCD and ATG14 CCD form a parallel, curved heterodimer stabilized by multiple, conserved polar interactions. Compared to BECN1, the BECN2 CCD forms a weaker homodimer, but binds more tightly to the ATG14 CCD. Mutation of nonideal BECN2 interface residues to more ideal pairs improves homodimer self‐association and thermal stability. Unlike BECN1, all BECN2 CCD mutants bind ATG14, although more weakly than wild type. Thus, polar BECN2 CCD interface residues result in a metastable homodimer, facilitating dissociation, but enable better interactions with polar ATG14 residues stabilizing the BECN2:ATG14 heterodimer. These structure‐based mechanistic differences in BECN1 and BECN2 homodimerization and heterodimerization likely dictate competitive ATG14 recruitment.
Revisiting Bloch oscillations in homogeneous and binary chains from an exact quantum mechanical perspective
Authors: Lyra M. L. , Caetano R. A. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe present an exact analytic approach to study Bloch oscillations which allows to study cases where the semiclassical arguments are not valid. The method is focused on the velocity operator V. Two representative examples are addressed here: (i) the superposition of AC and DC electric fields in a one‐dimensional chain and (ii) the binary uni‐dimensional chain under the action of a static electric field. For the first case, it is demonstrated that, depending on the frequency of the AC field, an unidirectional movement emerges whose velocity depends on the magnitude of the AC and DC fields, on the phase of the AC field and on the convolution of the initial wavepacket with itself displaced by one lattice spacement. We also show the limit where the semiclassical approach can be used. For the second case, we show that the transition between two mini‐bands plays a significant role in the dynamics of the electronic wavepacket. In this case, the Bloch oscillations are characterized by two main frequencies and combinations of them.
Experimental evaluation of magnified haptic feedback for robot‐assisted needle insertion and palpation
Authors: Meli Leonardo , Pacchierotti Claudio , Prattichizzo Domenico 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundHaptic feedback has been proven to play a key role in enhancing the performance of teleoperated medical procedures. However, due to safety issues, commercially‐available medical robots do not currently provide the clinician with haptic feedback.MethodsThis work presents the experimental evaluation of a teleoperation system for robot‐assisted medical procedures able to provide magnified haptic feedback to the clinician. Forces registered at the operating table are magnified and provided to the clinician through a 7‐DoF haptic interface. The same interface is also used to control the motion of a 6‐DoF slave robotic manipulator. The safety of the system is guaranteed by a time‐domain passivity‐based control algorithm.ResultsTwo experiments were carried out on stiffness discrimination (during palpation and needle insertion) and one experiment on needle guidance.ConclusionsOur haptic‐enabled teleoperation system improved the performance with respect to direct hand interaction of 80%, 306%, and 27% in stiffness discrimination through palpation, stiffness discrimination during needle insertion, and guidance, respectively.
Adaptation and disturbance rejection for output synchronization of incrementally output–feedback passive systems
Authors: Kim Hongkeun , De Persis Claudio 
Published: February 2017

SummaryThis paper addresses the output synchronization problem of incrementally output–feedback passive nonlinear systems in the presence of exogenous disturbances. Two kinds of distributed controllers are proposed: one placed at the nodes and the other placed at the edges. Each of them is synthesized on the basis of the adaptive control method to cope with the shortage of passivity and on the internal model principle to deal with the disturbances. The proposed controllers synchronize the outputs of the nonlinear systems when the solution of the closed‐loop system is bounded. On the basis of this, we present a class of systems for which the boundedness of the solutions is guaranteed. The analysis used in this paper is also applicable to a case where systems are coupled via links modeled by dynamical systems. Simulation results of a network of Van der Pol oscillators show the effectiveness of the proposed methods. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust direct data‐driven controller tuning with an application to vehicle stability control
Authors: Formentin S. , Garatti S. , Rallo G. , Savaresi S. M. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryIn direct data‐driven controller tuning, a mathematical model of the plant is not needed, as the control law is directly derived from experimental data. Because the most widely used data‐driven techniques are based on the assumption that the underlying dynamics – albeit unknow – is linear, the performance of the resulting controller may not be acceptable with systems whose operating region vary along the time. In this paper, we discuss how to robustify linear data‐driven design by exploiting the features of scenario optimization. More specifically, we carry out a modified version of the well known virtual reference feedback tuning approach where probabilistic performance guarantees are given also when the current operating condition is different from the one observed in the controller identification experiment. We validate the proposed approach on a vehicle stability control problem, via a thorough simulation campaign on a multibody simulator. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach in a complex real‐world setting. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Certificateless encryption secure against selective opening attack
Authors: Wang Huige , Chen Kefei , Qin Baodong , Wang Liangliang 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe notion of selective opening attacks (SOAs) was first introduced by Dwork et al. at FOCS'99. Informally, an encryption scheme is SOA secure if an adversary is given a vector of ciphertexts and can adaptively corrupt some fraction of them by obtaining not only their messages but also their randomness, the uncorrupted ciphertexts retain secure. Provably achieving security against SOA has been proven extremely challenging. In this paper, we propose a security model to capture simulation‐based selective opening chosen‐plaintext attacks (SIM‐SO‐CPA) for certificateless encryption. We provide a concrete construction and prove its security in our simulation‐based selective opening chosen‐plaintext attack security model, based on the real or random and computational Diffie–Hellman assumptions. Compared with previous SOA‐secure public key encryption and identity‐based encryption, our certificateless encryption scheme is more simple and efficient. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
TMAP: Discovering relevant API methods through text mining of API documentation
Authors: Pandita Rahul , Jetley Raoul , Sudarsan Sithu , Menzies Timothy , Williams Laurie 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDevelopers often migrate their applications to support various platform/programming‐language application programming interfaces (APIs) to retain existing users and to attract new users. To migrate an application written using 1 API (source) to another API (target), a developer must know how the methods in the source API map to the methods in the target API. Given that a typical platform or language exposes a large number of API methods, manually discovering API mappings is prohibitively resource‐intensive and may be error prone. The goal of this research is to support software developers in migrating an application from a source API to a target API by automatically discovering relevant method mappings across APIs using text mining on the natural language API method descriptions. This paper proposes text mining based approach (TMAP) to discover relevant API mappings. To evaluate our approach, we used TMAP to discover API mappings for 15 classes across (1) Java and C# API; and (2) Java ME and Android API. We compared the discovered mappings with state‐of‐the‐art source code analysis‐based approaches: Rosetta and StaMiner. Our results indicate that TMAP on average found relevant mappings for 56% and 57% more methods compared to the Rosetta and the StaMiner approaches, respectively.
Particle fracture and debonding during orthogonal machining of metal matrix composites
Authors: Pramanik A. , Zhang L. C. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This paper investigates the particle fracture and debonding during machining of metal matrix composite (MMC) due to developed stress and strain, and interaction with moving tool by finite element analysis. The machining zone was divided into three regions: primary, secondary and tertiary deformation zones. The tendency of particles to fracture in each deformation zone was investigated. The findings of this study were also discussed with respect to the experimental results available in the literature. It was found that particles at the cutting path in the tertiary deformation zone fractured as it interacted with tool. In the secondary deformation zone, particles interacted with other particles as well as cutting tool. This caused debonding and fracture of huge number of particles as those were moving up along the rake face with the chips. No particle fracture was noted at the primary deformation zone. The results obtained from finite element analysis were very similar to those obtained from experimental studies.
Salience, central executive, and sensorimotor network functional connectivity alterations in failed back surgery syndrome
Authors: Kolesar Tiffany A. , Bilevicius Elena , Kornelsen Jennifer 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Objective
This study examined the altered patterns of functional connectivity in task-positive resting state networks in failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) patients compared to healthy controls using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This work stems from a previous study in which alterations in the task-negative default mode network were investigated.

Design
Participants underwent a 7-minute resting state fMRI scan in which they lay still, with eyes closed, in the absence of a task.

Setting
Scanning took place at the National Research Council’s 3 Tesla MRI magnet in Winnipeg, Canada.

Subjects
Fourteen patients with FBSS and age- and gender-matched controls participated in this study. Three patients were removed from the analyses due to image artefact (n = 1) and effective pain treatment (n = 2). Eleven patients (5 female, mean age 52.7 years) and their matched controls were included in the final analyses.

Methods
Resting state fMRI data were analyzed using an independent component analysis, yielding three resting state networks of interest: the salience network (SN), involved in detection of external stimuli, central executive network (CEN), involved in cognitions, and sensorimotor network (SeN), involved in sensory and motor integration. Analysis of Variance contrasts were performed for each network, comparing functional connectivity differences between FBSS patients and healthy controls.

Results
Alterations were observed in all three resting state networks, primarily relating to pain and its processing in the FBSS group. Specifically, compared to healthy controls, FBSS patients demonstrated increased functional connectivity in the anterior cingulate cortex within the SN, medial frontal gyrus in the CEN, and precentral gyrus within the SeN. FBSS patients also demonstrated decreased functional connectivity in the medial frontal gyrus in the SeN compared to healthy controls. Interestingly, we also observed internetwork functional connectivity in the SN and SeN.

Conclusions
FBSS is associated with altered patterns of functional connectivity in the SN, CEN, and SeN. Taken together with our previous work, this reveals that a chronic pain condition can have a dramatic effect on the connectivity of multiple resting state networks.

Implications
These data suggest that a chronic pain condition—FBSS—is associated with disruptions to networks of functional connectivity in brain areas that are involved in numerous functions, including pain processing, sensation, and movement. It is possible that the alterations in these networks may contribute to other common chronic pain comorbidities, such as disrupted cognitions or anxiety. Previous research shows that during experimentally-induced pain, these networks can return to initial levels of functioning, indicating that these functional alterations are likely not permanent.
Tolerability and safety of the intake of bovine milk oligosaccharides extracted from cheese whey in healthy human adults
Authors: Smilowitz Jennifer T. , Lemay Danielle G. , Kalanetra Karen M. , Chin Elizabeth L. , Zivkovic Angela M. , Breck Melissa A. , German J. Bruce , Mills David A. , Slupsky Carolyn , Barile Daniela 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMechanistic research suggests a unique evolutionary relationship between complex milk oligosaccharides and cognate bifidobacteria enriched in breast-fed infants. Bovine milk oligosaccharides (BMO) were recently identified as structurally and functionally similar to human milk oligosaccharides. The present single-blind three-way crossover study is the first to determine the safety and tolerability of BMO consumption by healthy human participants (n 12) and its effects on faecal microbiota and microbial metabolism. Participants consumed each supplement (placebo-control; low- and high-BMO doses) for eleven consecutive days, followed by a 2-week washout period prior to initiating the next supplement arm. Low and high BMO doses were consumed as 25 and 35 % of each individual's daily fibre intake, respectively. Safety and tolerability were measured using standardised questionnaires on gut and stomach discomfort and stool consistency. Faecal extracts were profiled for bacterial populations by next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bifidobacteria presence was confirmed using quantitative PCR. Urine was analysed for changes in microbial metabolism using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). Consumption of both the low and high BMO doses was well tolerated and did not change stool consistency from baseline. Multivariate analysis of the NGS results demonstrated no change in faecal microbiota phyla among the placebo-control and BMO supplement groups. In conclusion, BMO supplementation was well tolerated in healthy adults and has the potential to shift faecal microbiota toward beneficial strains as part of a synbiotic treatment with probiotic cultures that selectively metabolise oligosaccharides.
Photometric Asymmetry Between Clockwise and Counterclockwise Spiral Galaxies in SDSS
Authors: Shamir Lior 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWhile galaxies with clockwise and counterclockwise handedness are visually different, they are expected to be symmetric in all of their other characteristics. Previous experiments using both manual analysis and machine vision have shown that the handedness of Sloan Digital Sky Survey galaxies can be predicted with accuracy significantly higher than mere chance using its photometric data alone. However, some of these previous experiments were based on manually classified galaxies, and the results may therefore be subjected to bias originated from the human perception. This paper describes an experiment based on a set of 162,514 galaxies classified automatically to clockwise and counterclockwise spiral galaxies, showing that the source of the asymmetry in Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) database is not the human perception bias. The results are compared to two smaller datasets, and confirm the observation that the handedness of SDSS galaxies can be predicted by their photometry. The experiment also shows statistically significant differences in the measured magnitude of SDSS galaxies, according which galaxies with clockwise patterns are brighter than galaxies with counterclockwise patterns. The magnitude of that difference changes across RA ranges, and exhibits a strong correlation with the cosine of the right ascension.
DEFINING TERRORISM: ONE SIZE FITS ALL?
Authors: Greene Alan 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis article challenges the idea, both in domestic and international law, of defining terrorism. Using section 1 of the UK's Terrorism Act 2000 as an illustrative example, this article argues that a single definition of terrorism is invariably broad owing to the need to accommodate the lowest common denominator. This is damaging to the ‘principle of legality’ as recognized in British public law and the ECHR. Moreover, this problem is further exacerbated by the increasing application of counterterrorism legislation to non-international armed conflicts. This article therefore suggests an alternative solution: multiple definitions of terrorism whose breadth is dependent upon the specific circumstances for which they are designed. Fears that such an approach may amount to an ‘expression of inconsistency’ will be addressed by arguing that law's capacity to shape and frame public and political debate on the concept of terrorism is over-exaggerated. Legal definitions of terrorism therefore should remain primarily concerned with the legal rather than political function of defining terrorism.
Physiological determinants of storage root yield in three cassava genotypes under different nitrogen supply
Authors: PHUNTUPAN K. , BANTERNG P. 
Published: February 2017

SUMMARYPhysiological traits can be used to improve the efficiency of selecting suitable genotypes to grow under nitrogen (N) limitation. The objective of the current study was to investigate the relationship between physiological characteristics and storage root yield of three cassava genotypes under three rates of N fertilizer. The experiments were conducted from 2014 to 2016 at farm fields in Thailand. A split-plot randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Three different rates of N fertilizer, i.e., 46·9, 90·0 and 133·2 kg N/ha and three cassava genotypes, Rayong 9, Rayong 11 and Kasetsart 50, were used. Kasetsart 50 had the highest mean performance for most crop traits. Growth rate of stem (SGR), storage root (SRGR) and crop (CGR) during 180–210 days after planting (DAP) and leaf area index (LAI) at 120 DAP were related to storage root dry weight for all three rates of N fertilizer. Storage root growth during 90–120 DAP, CGR during 180–210 DAP and specific leaf area (SLA) at 210 DAP contributed most to storage root dry weight of the three genotypes grown at 46·9 kg N/ha, while the combination of SRGR during 90–120 DAP, SRGR during 180–210 DAP, LAI at 210 DAP and SLA at 210 DAP was best for N fertilizer at 90·0 kg N/ha and the combination of leaf growth rate (LGR) during 180–210 DAP and LAI at 210 DAP was best for N fertilizer at 133·2 kg N/ha.
Helminth parasites of the chub mackerelScomber coliasoff the Tunisian coast and their use in stock discrimination
Authors: Feki M. , Châari M. , Neifar L. , Boudaya L. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractNine helminth parasites were used as biological tags to discriminate diverse areas ofScomber coliasGmelin, 1789. During three seasons, a total of 369 fish were examined in four zones off the Tunisian coast, including Bizerte in the north, Kelibia and Mahdia in the centre and Zarzis in the south. Discriminant analyses were used to identify distinct areas ofS. colias. Fish from Bizerte were grouped as one area and were correlated negatively with the monogeneanGrubea cochlearand the digeneanLecithocladium excisum. Specimens from Kelibia and Mahdia were grouped together and were characterized by the ectoparasitePseudokuhnia minorand by endoparasitesProdistomum orientalis, Monascus filiformisand anisakid larvae. Fish from Zarzis were grouped as one area and were positively correlated with the monogeneanG. cochlearand the digeneanL. excisum. These results were corroborated by comparing the prevalence and mean abundance of parasites among zones. Results of other discriminant analyses used for the classification ofS. coliasbetween localities after pooling specimens from the central areas of Kelibia and Mahdia also allowed the identification of three distinct areas: one in the north, correlated negatively withG. cochlearandL. excisum;one in the centre, characterized byP. minor, P. orientalis, M. filiformisand anisakid larvae; and one in the south, from Zarzis, characterized byG. cochlearandL. excisum. Results of comparisons of infection parameters between seasons and those of seasonal discrminant analyses showed a seasonal stability of communities from the northern and the southern areas. Specimens from the central regions showed variability between seasons, suggesting migratory movements.