bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cajueiro revisitado: ou dez anos de relato crítico em construção
Authors: Mendonça Bartolomeu Rodrigues , Marinho Samarone Carvalho 
Published: August 2016

Este artigo apresenta os processos de luta vividos nos últimos dez anos (2005-2015) pela comunidade Cajueiro, situada no município de São Luís - MA, e suas coirmãs. Relatam-se os processos de desarticulação que, combinando ação estatal e empresarial, colocam em risco a sociabilidade, os meios e os modos de vida de comunidades como Cajueiro. Por fim, pontuam-se os relatos de resistência face à lógica de desenvolvimento hegemônico e suas consequências para toda a Ilha do Maranhão.
García Jurado, Francisco, Teoría de la tradición clásica. Concepto, historia y métodos, México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2016, 272 págs.
Authors: Espino Martín Javier 
Published: August 2016

La Teoría de la tradición clásica representa no sólo una visión históricoanalíticade la obra de Highet, sino que, por sus páginas, desfilan toda una serie de teorías que enriquecen las perspectivas de la tradición clásica y le dan sentido y sustancia como materia científica y disciplina universitaria. En el libro se van sucediendo las tesis de Genette, la de los polisistemas de Even Zohar, la teoría de las metáforas cotidianas de Lakoff, o la teoría que desarrolla el propio García Jurado sobre “encuentros complejos”, en la que podemos destacar el interesante modelo “a en b” que plantea la tradición clásica, frente al “a y b” que propone la recepción.
XIV Congreso Internacional de la FIEC (Burdeos, 25 a 30 de agosto de 2014)
Authors: Irigoyen Troconis Martha Patricia 
Published: August 2016

En la ciudad de Burdeos, Francia, del 25 al 30 de agosto de 2014, se llevó a cabo el XIV Congreso de la Fédération Internationale des Associations d’Études Classiques (FIEC), cuya organización comenzó a planearse con cinco años de antelación, prácticamente de manera inmediata al congreso anterior, celebrado exitosamente en Berlín en 2009.
DOMESTIFIKASI IKAN BETOK Anabas testudineus MELALUI PEMIJAHAN DI WADAH BUDIDAYA (CLIMBING PERCH, Anabas testudineus DOMESTICATION THROUGH SPAWNING)
Authors: Bijaksana Untung , R Balantek Septiodrian 
Published: August 2016

<p>Penelitian ini dimaksudkan sebagai upaya domestikasi Ikan Betok melalui pemijahan dalam wadah budidaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Basah Program Studi Budidaya Perairan Universitas Lambung Mangkurat . Tiga poin utama dalam mendukung keberhasilan pemijahan ikan, yaitu : perkembangan gonad , ovulasi dan pemijahan . Tentu perkembangan panjat bertengger gonad ikan terjadi pada awal musim kemarau puncak musim dan di awal musim hujan atau saat musim hujan , pemijahan terjadi . Keadaan alami ini mencoba untuk diadopsi dalam budidaya kontainer , dengan fashting selama 1 , 2 dan 3 hari dengan tingkat air , 10 , 15 dan 20 cm . Hasilnya adalah waktu yang laten dari 11,7 jam sampai 39 jam , fekunditas antara 5310-7376 butir , diameter telur 0,5 hingga 0,8 mm , tingkat fertilisasi antara 88,2-93,2 persen dan tingkat menetas antara 87 , 0-91,6 persen.</p><p>The study is intended as an attempt domestication through climbing perch spawning in the container cultivation. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Wetlands Program University Faculty of Fisheries Aquaculture Lambung Mangkurat. Three main points in support of the spawning success of fish, namely: gonadal development, ovulation and spawning. Naturally development climbing perch fish gonads occurred in the early dry season to peak season and at the beginning of the rainy season or during the rainy season, spawning occurred. This natural state is trying to be adopted in the cultivation of container, with fashting for 1, 2 and 3 days with water levels, 10, 15 and 20 cm. The result is a latent time of 11.7 hours to 39 hours, fecundity between 5310 to 7376 grains, egg diameter 0.5 to 0.8 mm, the degree of fertilization between 88.2 to 93.2 percent and the degree of hatching between 87, 0 to 91.6 percent.</p>
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN TINGKAT PROTEIN DAN RASIO PROTEIN PAKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN IKAN SEPAT (Trichogaster pectoralis)
Authors: Fran Syachradjad , Akbar Junius 
Published: August 2016

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat protein dan energi pakan terbaik pada ikan sepat. Manfaat penelitian ini untuk dapat dijadikan informasi dasar mengenai tingkat protein dan energi yang sesuai bagi kebutuhan konsumsi pakan dan pertumbuhan benih ikan sepat. Ikan uji yang digunakan ikan sepat (<em>Trichogaster pectoralis</em>) dengan bobot individu berkisar antara 5±2 gram dan panjang baku berkisar 5±3 cm. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimen, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 macam perlakuan dan masing-masing diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Perlakuan yang diberikan terdiri atas tingkat energi protein yang berbeda, yaitu perlakuan A (2800 kkal/35%), perlakuan B (3150 kkal/35%), perlakuan C (3150 kkal/40%), perlakuan D (3600 kkal/ 40%), perlakuan E (3600 kkal/45%), dan perlakuan F (4050 kkal/45%). Parameter yang diamati meliputi pertumbuhan mutlak, laju pertumbuhan relatif, konversi pakan, efisiensi pakan, kelangsungan hidup, dan kualitas air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pakan dengan tingkat protein 40% dan energi 3150 kkal/kg menghasilkan pertumbuhan mutlak, laju pertumbuhan relatif, konversi pakan, dan efisiensi pemberian pakan yang terbaik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Kelangsungan hidup ikan sepat berkisar antar 96,67-100%. Kualitas air (suhu, pH, DO, NH<sub>3</sub>, dan CO<sub>2</sub>) pada tiap perlakuan masih memenuhi standar untuk kehidupan ikan sepat.
PENGARUH WAKTU PERPINDAHAN PAKAN ALAMI KE PAKAN BUATAN BERENZIM TERHADAP SINTASAN, PERTUMBUHAN PADA PEMELIHARAAN LARVA IKAN BAUNG (Mystus nemurus cv)
Authors: Aysah Siti 
Published: August 2016

This study aimed to determine the switching time from natural food to artificial food with the addition of mix enzyme in baung larval rearing. The results showed that the survival rate of baung larvae had the highest score in treatment E (natural feed Artemia salina aged 3 days to 7 days followed by artificial feed in the form of pasta until age 30 days), did not differ with treatment A. Treatment A (Natural Food Artemia salina was given at the age of 3 days to 8 days and then followed by artificial food (shrimp flour + mix enzyme) from the age of 9 days to 15 days artificial feeding was continued until the age of 30 days) showed the highest absolute growth was 0.62 grams and the value of relative growth rate of 14.25 grams did not differ with B, C and E treatments. The highest Individual weight, protein content and mix enzyme activity on all measurement of baung larvae found in treatment A. Water quality of maintenance media of eel was the temperature 27,33oC, pH 7,86, dissolve oxygen 4,76 mg/l and ammonia 0,93 mg/l.
Cultivating Sustainability Literacy and Public Engagement in Intag, Ecuador
Authors: D’Amico Linda 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis article describes ways rural women and men in the Ecuadorian Cloud Forests created regional and trans-regional institutions to develop and sustain effective environmental governance. It traces their interpretation of political ecology within local realities, based on household concerns centred upon water and food security, and how they came to draw upon global discourse and increased civic participation. The article shows how they created communities of practice that came to define local (and glocal1) sustainability. Their proactive and generative approaches to environmentalism – expressed through actions and institutions – are significant, offering examples of expanded social equity and adaptive resilience in the face of change.1Glocal is the connectivity and co-presence of local and global people, ideas and institutions.
Local Trade and Exchange/Employment Systems (LETS) in Future Eco-sustainable Societies
Authors: Westra Richard 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAll communities of practice must face questions relating to the material economic foundations of future sustainable societies. David Graeber, Karl Polanyi and Karl Marx each have produced typologies of possible types of economy, synthesised as: (1) the principle of individual reciprocity, (2) the market principle of capitalism, and (3) the planning principle of the state. I apply this synthesis to recent proposals for community change advanced by Bill McKibben and David Korten concerning economic scale and the re-localising of production and consumption sundered by globalisation, focused on the local exchange and trading system (LETS). The operationalising of LETS draws upon Adam Smith’s view of markets as face-to-face exchanges of goods taking place in small morality-bound communities. Smith, McKibben and Korten conflate two different meanings of the term ‘exchange’. To understand the role LETS may play in future sustainable economies in communities of practice demands treatment of this problem.
Narratives of Development
Authors: Ramchandani Taapsi 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe Chaguanas Borough Corporation in Trinidad and Tobago is currently the fastest-growing borough where economic development is complemented by investment in residential, commercial and infrastructural programmes. In tandem with the local government, an inter-governmental organisation (IGO) sought to understand the sociohistorical context within which economic growth has taken place to inform the IGO’s development plans for the area. This article focuses on local narratives collected in 2013 as part of a historical case study that reveals a complex relationship of citizens to the state within the context of a post-colonial, multi-ethnic society. Using an interpretivist framework of narratives as language, metaphor and knowledge, I examine how narratives reflect the lived experience of economic development as a confluence of history, ethnic identity and neoliberal ideas of entrepreneurship. Their inclusion as a source of enquiry in development planning will ensure that exogenous intervention remains holistic, equitable and informed by historical institutions of social practice.
GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE OBSERVATIONS MAY CONSTRAIN GAMMA-RAY BURST MODELS: THE CASE OF GW150914–GBM
Authors: Veres P. , Preece R. D. , Goldstein A. , Mészáros P. , Burns E. , Connaughton V. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
The possible short gamma-ray burst (GRB) observed by Fermi/GBM in coincidence with the first gravitational-wave (GW) detection offers new ways to test GRB prompt emission models. GW observations provide previously inaccessible physical parameters for the black hole central engine such as its horizon radius and rotation parameter. Using a minimum jet launching radius from the Advanced LIGO measurement of GW 150914, we calculate photospheric and internal shock models and find that they are marginally inconsistent with the GBM data, but cannot be definitely ruled out. Dissipative photosphere models, however, have no problem explaining the observations. Based on the peak energy and the observed flux, we find that the external shock model gives a natural explanation, suggesting a low interstellar density (∼10−3 cm−3) and a high Lorentz factor (∼2000). We only speculate on the exact nature of the system producing the gamma-rays, and study the parameter space of a generic Blandford–Znajek model. If future joint observations confirm the GW–short-GRB association we can provide similar but more detailed tests for prompt emission models.
Folate Receptor β Regulates Integrin CD11b/CD18 Adhesion of a Macrophage Subset to Collagen
Authors: Machacek Christian , Supper Verena , Leksa Vladimir , Mitulovic Goran , Spittler Andreas , Drbal Karel , Suchanek Miloslav , Ohradanova-Repic Anna , Stockinger Hannes 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Folate, also known as vitamin B9, is necessary for essential cellular functions such as DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation. It is supplied to the cell via several transporters and receptors, including folate receptor (FR) β, a GPI-anchored protein belonging to the folate receptor family. As FRβ shows a restricted expression to cells of myeloid origin and only a subset of activated macrophages and placental cells have been shown to express functional FRβ, it represents a promising target for future therapeutic strategies. In this study, we performed affinity purification and mass spectrometric analysis of the protein microenvironment of FRβ in the plasma membrane of human FRβ+ macrophages and FRβ-transduced monocytic THP-1 cells. In this manner, we identified a novel role of FRβ: that is, we report functional interactions of FRβ with receptors mediating cellular adhesion, in particular the CD11b/CD18 β2 integrin heterodimer complement receptor type 3/Mac-1. This interaction results in impeded adhesion of FRβ+ human primary macrophages and THP-1 cells to collagen in comparison with their FRβ− counterparts. We further show that FRβ is only expressed by human macrophages when differentiated with M-CSF. These findings thus identify FRβ as a novel CD11b/CD18 regulator for trafficking and homing of a subset of macrophages on collagen.
Human Invariant NKT Cells Induce IL-1β Secretion by Peripheral Blood Monocytes via a P2X7-Independent Pathway
Authors: Felley Laura E. , Sharma Akshat , Theisen Erin , Romero-Masters James C. , Sauer John-Demian , Gumperz Jenny E. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The cytokine IL-1β plays a central role in inflammatory responses that are initiated by microbial challenges, as well as in those that are due to endogenous processes (often called sterile inflammation). IL-1β secretion that occurs independently of microbial stimulation is typically associated with the presence of endogenous alarmins, such as extracellular ATP (an indicator of cytopathic damage). In this study, we show that IL-2–activated human invariant NKT (iNKT) cells stimulate the secretion of IL-1β protein by human peripheral blood monocytes in a manner that requires neither the presence of microbial compounds nor signaling through the extracellular ATP receptor P2X7. Monocyte IL-1β production was specifically induced by iNKT cells, because similarly activated polyclonal autologous T cells did not have this effect. Secretion of IL-1β protein occurred rapidly (within 3–4 h) and required cell contact between the iNKT cells and monocytes. Similar to IL-1β production induced by TLR stimulation, the iNKT-induced pathway appeared to entail a two-step process involving NF-κB signaling and IL1B gene transcription, as well as assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome and activation of caspase-1. However, in contrast to the classical inflammasome-mediated pathway of IL-1β production, activation of monocytes via P2X7 was dispensable for iNKT-induced IL-1β secretion, and potassium efflux was not required. Moreover, the iNKT-induced effect involved caspase-8 activity, yet it induced little monocyte death. These results suggest that IL-2–activated human iNKT cells induce monocytes to produce IL-1β through a distinctive pathway that does not require the presence of microbial danger signals or alarmins associated with cytopathic damage.
Blood-Borne RNA Correlates with Disease Activity and IFN-Stimulated Gene Expression in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Doedens John R. , Jones Wendell D. , Hill Kay , Mason Michael J. , Gersuk Vivian H. , Mease Philip J. , Dall’Era Maria , Aranow Cynthia , Martin Richard W. , Cohen Stanley B. , Fleischmann Roy M. , Kivitz Alan J. , Burge Daniel J. , Chaussabel Damien , Elkon Keith B. , Posada James A. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The loss of tolerance and the presence of circulating autoantibodies directed against nuclear Ags is the hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Many of these Ags are complexed with short, noncoding RNAs, such as U1 and Y1. The amount of U1 and Y1 RNA complexed with SLE patient Abs and immune complexes was measured in a cross-section of 228 SLE patients to evaluate the role of these RNA molecules within the known biochemical framework of SLE. The study revealed that SLE patients had significantly elevated levels of circulating U1 and/or Y1 RNA compared with healthy volunteers. In addition, the blood-borne RNA molecules were correlated with SLE disease activity and increased expression of IFN-inducible genes. To our knowledge, this study provides the first systematic examination of the role of circulating RNA in a large group of SLE patients and provides an important link with IFN dysregulation.
Neurosurgery in rural Nigeria: A prospective study
Authors: Rabiu Taopheeq Bamidele , Komolafe Edward Oluwole 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Background: Africa has very few neurosurgeons. These are almost exclusively in urban centers. Consequently, people in rural areas, most of the African population, have poor or no access to neurosurgical care. We have recently pioneered rural neurosurgery in Nigeria. Objectives: This report details our initial experiences and the profile of neurosurgical admissions in our center. Methods: A prospective observational study of all neurosurgical patients managed at a rural tertiary health institution in Nigeria from December 2010 to May 2012 was done. Simple descriptive data analysis was performed. Results: A total of 249 males (75.2%) and 82 females (24.8%) were managed. The median age was 37 years (range: Day of birth – 94 years). Trauma was the leading cause of presentation with 225 (68.0%) and 35 (10.6%) having sustained head and spinal injuries, respectively. Operative intervention was performed in 54 (16.3%). Twenty-four (7.2%) patients discharged against medical advice, mostly for economic reasons. Most patients (208, 63.4%) had satisfactory outcome while 30 (9.1%) died. Conclusion: Trauma is the leading cause of rural neurosurgical presentations. There is an urgent need to improve access to adequate neurosurgical care in the rural communities.
Longitudinal assessment of depression, stress, and burnout in medical students
Authors: Goel Akhil D. , Akarte Sulbha V. , Agrawal Sumita P. , Yadav Vikas 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Background: Medical students can and do suffer from mental disorders is a concept yet to get wide acceptance. There are few studies comprehensively evaluating depression, stress, and burnout in medical students, especially in a longitudinal way in India. The current study aims to assess the impact of medical education on the development of psychological morbidities and the role of personality. Materials and Methods: First-year medical students of a leading medical college of India were enrolled on admission and given anonymized, validated, self-administered questionnaires assessing depression, stress, burnout, and personality. This was repeated at the end of 1st year. Data were analyzed independently as questionnaires were anonymized. Results: We found that 1st year of medical college showed a significantly increasing depression (P < 0.01) and stress (P < 0.01). Overall burnout did not increase significantly. However, only disengagement dimension of burnout increased significantly. Personalities with weak capacity to adjust had a significant positive correlation with depression (r = 0.277, P< 0.001) and stress scores (r = 0.210, P = 0.008). However, burnout did not correlate with any of the personality dimensions. Conclusion: Right from the 1st year of medical education students perceive high-stress levels and have a high risk of depression. Burnout starts to creep in at least in the form of disengagement. This study provides a sound groundwork for planning interventions to reduce student’s mental morbidity and avoid burnout.
Ki-67 immunostaining in astrocytomas: Association with histopathological grade – A South Indian study
Authors: Shivaprasad Nandish Vastrad , Satish Suchitha , Ravishankar Sunila , Vimalambike Manjunath Gubbi 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Background: Astrocytomas are the most common primary tumor of the central nervous system. The distinction between different tumor grades can be tested despite criteria given by the World Health Organization (WHO). Ki-67 is a potent biological marker used in grading of astrocytomas, which estimates growth of the neoplasm quantitatively and will help in predicting prognosis accurately. Objectives: The aim of this was to study the proliferative activity using Ki-67 immunostaining and to assess the relationship of Ki-67 staining with the histopathological grading of astrocytomas. Patients and Methods: Thirty cases of histologically proven astrocytomas were studied. The histopathological grade was assessed using the 2007 WHO criteria. Immunohistochemistry for Ki-67 was done on paraffin-embedded wax sections. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Thirty cases of astrocytomas studied showed a male preponderance (M:F = 1.72:1) with a mean age of 48.1 years. Of these, Grade I, (n = 1, 3.33%), Grade II, (n = 7, 23.3%), Grade III (n = 6, 20%), and Grade IV (n = 16, 53.3%) astrocytomas were analyzed. The mean Ki-67 labeling index (LI) in Grades I, II, III, and IV was 0.02, 0.81, 9.14, and 17.81, respectively. Statistically significant difference was seen in the Ki-67 LI of low-grade (Grade II) and high-grade astrocytomas (Grades III and IV). There was concordance between histopathological grading and Ki-67 LI in 27 (90%) and discordance in 3 (10%) cases. Conclusion: Ki-67 LI varies considerably in different grades of astrocytomas and considerable overlaps can be observed between them. It can be of great help in situations where there is a lack of correlation between clinical parameters and histopathological diagnosis. Determination of Ki-67 LI should constitute a part of routine investigations in patients with astrocytomas.
On the Singular Sheaves in the Fine Simpson Moduli Spaces of 1-dimensional Sheaves
Authors: Iena Oleksandr , Leytem Alain 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn the Simpson moduli space M of semi-stable sheaves with Hilbert polynomial dm − 1 on a projective plane we study the closed subvariety M' of sheaves that are not locally free on their support. We show that for d ≥4 , it is a singular subvariety of codimension 2 in M. The blow up of M along M' is interpreted as a (partial) modification of M \ M' by line bundles (on support).
Quantitative experimental monitoring of molecular diffusion in clay with
positron emission tomography
Authors: Kulenkampff Johannes , Zakhnini Abdelhamid , Gründig Marion , Lippmann-Pipke Johanna 
Published: August 2016

Abstract. Clay plays a prominent role as barrier material in the geosphere. The small particle sizes cause extremely small pore sizes and induce low permeability and high sorption capacity. Transport of dissolved species by molecular diffusion, driven only by a concentration gradient, is less sensitive to the pore size. Heterogeneous structures on the centimetre scale could cause heterogeneous effects, like preferential transport zones, which are difficult to assess. Laboratory measurements with diffusion cells yield limited information on heterogeneity, and pore space imaging methods have to consider scale effects. We established positron emission tomography (PET), applying a high-resolution PET scanner as a spatially resolved quantitative method for direct laboratory observation of the molecular diffusion process of a PET tracer on the prominent scale of 1–100 mm. Although PET is rather insensitive to bulk effects, quantification required significant improvements of the image reconstruction procedure with respect to Compton scatter and attenuation. The experiments were conducted with 22Na and 124I over periods of 100 and 25 days, respectively. From the images we derived trustable anisotropic diffusion coefficients and, in addition, we identified indications of preferential transport zones. We thus demonstrated the unique potential of the PET imaging modality for geoscientific process monitoring under conditions where other methods fail, taking advantage of the extremely high detection sensitivity that is typical of radiotracer applications.