bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Static Condensation Reduced Basis Element Approach for the Reynolds Lubrication Equation
Authors: Bader Eduard , Grepl Martin A. , Müller Siegfried 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a Static Condensation Reduced Basis Element (SCRBE) approach for the Reynolds Lubrication Equation (RLE). The SCRBE method is a computational tool that allows to efficiently analyze parametrized structures which can be decomposed into a large number of similar components. Here, we extend the methodology to allow for a more general domain decomposition, a typical example being a checkerboard-pattern assembled from similar components. To this end, we extend the formulation and associateda posteriorierror bound procedure. Our motivation comes from the analysis of the pressure distribution in plain journal bearings governed by the RLE. However, the SCRBE approach presented is not limited to bearings and the RLE, but directly extends to other component-based systems. We show numerical results for plain bearings to demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach.
A Robust and Efficient Adaptive Multigrid Solver for the Optimal Control of Phase Field Formulations of Geometric Evolution Laws
Authors: Yang Feng Wei , Venkataraman Chandrasekhar , Styles Vanessa , Madzvamuse Anotida 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe propose and investigate a novel solution strategy to efficiently and accurately compute approximate solutions to semilinear optimal control problems, focusing on the optimal control of phase field formulations of geometric evolution laws. The optimal control of geometric evolution laws arises in a number of applications in fields including material science, image processing, tumour growth and cell motility. Despite this, many open problems remain in the analysis and approximation of such problems. In the current work we focus on a phase field formulation of the optimal control problem, hence exploiting the well developed mathematical theory for the optimal control of semilinear parabolic partial differential equations. Approximation of the resulting optimal control problemis computationally challenging, requiring massive amounts of computational time and memory storage. The main focus of this work is to propose, derive, implement and test an efficient solution method for such problems. The solver for the discretised partial differential equations is based upon a geometric multigrid method incorporating advanced techniques to deal with the nonlinearities in the problem and utilising adaptive mesh refinement. An in-house two-grid solution strategy for the forward and adjoint problems, that significantly reduces memory requirements and CPU time, is proposed and investigated computationally. Furthermore, parallelisation as well as an adaptive-step gradient update for the control are employed to further improve efficiency. Along with a detailed description of our proposed solution method together with its implementation we present a number of computational results that demonstrate and evaluate our algorithms with respect to accuracy and efficiency. A highlight of the present work is simulation results on the optimal control of phase field formulations of geometric evolution laws in 3-D which would be computationally infeasible without the solution strategies proposed in the present work.
Construction of Symplectic Runge-Kutta Methods for Stochastic Hamiltonian Systems
Authors: Wang Peng , Hong Jialin , Xu Dongsheng 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe study the construction of symplectic Runge-Kutta methods for stochastic Hamiltonian systems (SHS). Three types of systems, SHS with multiplicative noise, special separable Hamiltonians and multiple additive noise, respectively, are considered in this paper. Stochastic Runge-Kutta (SRK) methods for these systems are investigated, and the corresponding conditions for SRK methods to preserve the symplectic property are given. Based on the weak/strong order and symplectic conditions, some effective schemes are derived. In particular, using the algebraic computation, we obtained two classes of high weak order symplectic Runge-Kutta methods for SHS with a single multiplicative noise, and two classes of high strong order symplectic Runge-Kutta methods for SHS with multiple multiplicative and additive noise, respectively. The numerical case studies confirm that the symplectic methods are efficient computational tools for long-term simulations.
A Compact Scheme for Coupled Stochastic Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations
Authors: Chen Chuchu , Hong Jialin , Ji Lihai , Kong Linghua 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a compact scheme to numerically study the coupled stochastic nonlinear Schrödinger equations. We prove that the compact scheme preserves the discrete stochastic multi-symplectic conservation law, discrete charge conservation law and discrete energy evolution law almost surely. Numerical experiments confirm well the theoretical analysis results. Furthermore, we present a detailed numerical investigation of the optical phenomena based on the compact scheme. By numerical experiments for various amplitudes of noise, we find that the noise accelerates the oscillation of the soliton and leads to the decay of the solution amplitudes with respect to time. In particular, if the noise is relatively strong, the soliton will be totally destroyed. Meanwhile, we observe that the phase shift is sensibly modified by the noise. Moreover, the numerical results present inelastic interaction which is different from the deterministic case.
Fast Simulation of Lipid Vesicle Deformation Using Spherical Harmonic Approximation
Authors: Mikucki Michael , Zhou Yongcheng 
Published: December 2016

AbstractLipid vesicles appear ubiquitously in biological systems. Understanding how the mechanical and intermolecular interactions deform vesicle membranes is a fundamental question in biophysics. In this article we develop a fast algorithm to compute the surface configurations of lipid vesicles by introducing surface harmonic functions to approximate themembrane surface. This parameterization allows an analytical computation of the membrane curvature energy and its gradient for the efficient minimization of the curvature energy using a nonlinear conjugate gradient method. Our approach drastically reduces the degrees of freedom for approximating the membrane surfaces compared to the previously developed finite element and finite difference methods. Vesicle deformations with a reduced volume larger than 0.65 can be well approximated by using as small as 49 surface harmonic functions. The method thus has a great potential to reduce the computational expense of tracking multiple vesicles which deform for their interaction with external fields.
Factors Associated With Success in an Occupational Rehabilitation Program for Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Hardison Mark E. , Roll Shawn C. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are a significant burden; however, no consensus has been reached on how to maximize occupational rehabilitation programs for people with these disorders, and the impact of simulating work tasks as a mode of intervention has not been well examined. In this retrospective cohort study, the authors used logistic regression to identify client and program factors predicting success for 95 clients in a general occupational rehabilitation program and 71 clients in a comprehensive occupational rehabilitation program. The final predictive model for general rehabilitation included gender, number of sessions completed, and performance of work simulation activities. Maximum hours per session was the only significant predictor of success in the comprehensive rehabilitation program. This study identifies new factors associated with success in occupational rehabilitation, specifically highlighting the importance of intensity (i.e., session length and number of sessions) of therapy and occupation-based activities for this population.
Predictors of Disability and Quality of Life With an Upper-Extremity Peripheral Nerve Disorder
Authors: Stonner Macyn Miller , Mackinnon S. E. , Kaskutas Vicki 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We sought to understand the wide range of problems that patients with upper-extremity peripheral nerve disorders experience and to identify predictors of disability and quality of life (QOL).
METHOD. Data from standardized assessments of disability and QOL, physical examination results, and intake surveys from 627 patients were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. We compared results between groups and built multivariate models measuring disability, work disability, and physical and mental QOL.
RESULTS. The sample demonstrated substantial disability and even greater work disability, which both closely correlated with poorer QOL. Work status was integral in predicting disability. Common predictors across models included problems with sleep and intimate relationships, deficits in work and household performance, and higher pain.
CONCLUSION. To decrease disability and improve QOL, occupational therapy practitioners should help patients with upper-extremity peripheral nerve disorders identify strategies to maintain meaningful work and household roles, intimate relationships, and sleep, while continuing to address pain.
Validation of ACE-FTS version 3.5 NOy species profiles using correlative satellite measurements
Authors: Sheese Patrick E. , Walker Kaley A. , Boone Chris D. , McLinden Chris A. , Bernath Peter F. , Bourassa Adam E. , Burrows John P. , Degenstein Doug A. , Funke Bernd , Fussen Didier , Manney Gloria L. , McElroy C. Thomas , Murtagh Donal , Randall Cora E. , Raspollini Piera , Rozanov Alexei , Russell III James M. , Suzuki Makoto , Shiotani Masato , Urban Joachim , von Clarmann Thomas , Zawodny Joseph M. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. The ACE-FTS (Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment – Fourier Transform Spectrometer) instrument on the Canadian SCISAT satellite, which has been in operation for over 12 years, has the capability of deriving stratospheric profiles of many of the NOy (N + NO + NO2+ NO3+ 2  ×  N2O5+ HNO3+ HNO4+ ClONO2+ BrONO2) species. Version 2.2 of ACE-FTS NO, NO2, HNO3, N2O5, and ClONO2 has previously been validated, and this study compares the most recent version (v3.5) of these five ACE-FTS products to spatially and temporally coincident measurements from other satellite instruments – GOMOS, HALOE, MAESTRO, MIPAS, MLS, OSIRIS, POAM III, SAGE III, SCIAMACHY, SMILES, and SMR. For each ACE-FTS measurement, a photochemical box model was used to simulate the diurnal variations of the NOy species and the ACE-FTS measurements were scaled to the local times of the coincident measurements. The comparisons for all five species show good agreement with correlative satellite measurements. For NO in the altitude range of 25–50 km, ACE-FTS typically agrees with correlative data to within −10 %. Instrument-averaged mean relative differences are approximately −10 % at 30–40 km for NO2, within ±7 % at 8–30 km for HNO3, better than −7 % at 21–34 km for local morning N2O5, and better than −8 % at 21–34 km for ClONO2. Where possible, the variations in the mean differences due to changes in the comparison local time and latitude are also discussed.
ABDOME AGUDO OCLUSIVO POR HEMATOMA DE INTESTINO DELGADO: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Polonio Benur , Fontes Hector Sbaraini , Lupion Fabiola Grigoreto , Azevedo Emanoela Rodrigues , Neto Lydio Barbier , Ioshii Sérgio Ossamu 
Published: December 2016

OBJETIVO: Relatar o caso de uma paciente adulta com abdome agudo oclusivo causado por hematoma de intestino delgado.MÉTODO: Apresenta-se o caso de uma paciente atendido no serviço de urgência e emergência do HC-UFPR.RESULTADO: Paciente feminina, de 20 anos, apresentou dor no mesogástrio, distensão abdominal e vomitos. A tomografia abdominal evidenciou segmento de intestino delgado com espessamento da parede Foi submetida a laparotomia mediana onde se evidenciou um hematoma de intestino delgado em íleo há 40 cm da valvula ileocecal, causando obstrução. Realizou-se entrerectomia segmentar de 15cm e enteroenteroanastomose. O exame anatomopatológico evidenciou hematoma extenso de submucosa do segmento ressecado.CONCLUSÃO: Os casos de abdome agudo oclusivo por hematoma de intestino delgado expontâneo são raros e devem ser manejados com tratamento clínico. Indica-se a cirurgia apenas na falha deste ou em casos de complicações durante o tratamento clinico.
Lokale democratie doorgelicht: inleiding
Authors: Denters Bas , Boogers Marcel 
Published: December 2016

Local democracy audited: introduction
In recent years, attention has increasingly been focussing on the quality of local democracy. Through the transfer of central government tasks to the municipalities, the importance of local government for citizens in the Netherlands has increased. This also places higher demands on the way local democracy functions. For various reasons, it is not easy to meet these demands. The debate on the quality of local democracy can be reduced to two basic questions: what is local and what is democracy? Instead of answering these questions, the authors of the article (editors of this new series) demonstrate what knowledge is needed to do this. They outline broadly the agenda for a local democratic audit, for which this article is an introduction. After a short theoretical discussion of the importance of local democracy, the authors point out those knowledge gaps that still exist in their opinion. They do so on the basis of current research. After identifying the key relations in local democracy, they present an agenda for further research.
Integriteit van lokaal bestuur in de mediacratie
Authors: Schokker Peter , Schillemans Thomas 
Published: December 2016

Integrity of local government in the mediacracy
For aldermen in Dutch municipalities, ‘integrity’ increasingly seems to be an important factor causing their downfall. A lot of aldermen have resigned in the recent years because of ‘integrity’ and invariably local and national media were actively involved in this process. This article deals with the question of the role of the media in integrity affairs involving aldermen that have to resign. To answer this question, the authors analysed ten affairs that occurred in 2014 in which an alderman had to resigned (forced or voluntarily) because of integrity issues. The analysis shows that local media, regardless of how small they may be and how limited their means, often report extensively about integrity issues. In some cases, local media even act as accountability forums that call these aldermen to account. In other cases, the coverage in local media leads to further questions and calls for political accountability in the municipal council. Sometimes the media ‘merely’ report on the debates between the municipal council and the municipal board, but by doing so magnify the impact of an affair in the local community. In this way, the media fulfil their democratic role as watchdogs of local democracy, a role in which they bark loudly, often persistently and sometimes venomously about (alleged) integrity affairs.
Correlation of rheoencephalography and laser Doppler flow: a rat study
Authors: Bodo Michael , Sheppard Ryan , Hall Aaron , Baruch Martin , Laird Melissa , Tirumala Shravalya , Mahon Richard 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Measuring brain electrical impedance (rheoencephalography) is a potential technique for noninvasive, continuous neuro-monitoring of cerebral blood flow autoregulation in humans. In the present rat study, we compared changes in cerebral blood flow autoregulation during CO2 inhalation measured by rheoencephalography to changes measured by laser Doppler flowmetry, an invasive continuous monitoring modality. Our hypothesis was that both modalities would reflect cerebral blood flow autoregulation.
Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=28; 28 control and 82 CO2 challenges) were measured under anesthesia. The surgical preparation involved implantation of intracerebral REG electrodes and an LDF probe into the brain. Analog waveforms were stored in a computer.
CO2 inhalation caused transient, simultaneous increases in the signals of both laser Doppler flow (171.99 ± 46.68 %) and rheoencephalography (329.88 ± 175.50%). These results showed a correlation between the two measured modalities; the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.8394.
The similar results obtained by measurements made with laser Doppler flowmetry and rheoencephalography indicate that rheo-encephalography, like laser Doppler flowmetry, reflects cerebral blood flow autoregulation. Rheoencephalography therefore shows potential for use as a continuous neuro-monitoring technique.
Two-dimensional analytical model for asymmetric dual-gate tunnel FETs
Authors: Xu Hui Fang , Dai Yue Hua , Guan Bang Gui , Zhang Yong Feng 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
An analytical model for asymmetric dual-gate (ADG) tunnel field-effect transistors (TFETs) combining a TFET with a junctionless field-effect transistor (JL FET) is presented and investigated extensively for the first time in this paper, with the aim of addressing the challenges of conventional DG TFETs. The drain current is composed of the tunneling current of TFET and the drift-diffusion current of JL FET, which leads to high drain current. The model also predicts the impacts of the lengths of the source and intrinsic regions on the potential and drain current. The results show that ADG TFET can generate optimum results (in terms of on-state current I
on and on-to-off current ratio I
on/I
off) compared with the conventional DG TFET, higher I
on of 129 µA/µm and a larger I
on/I
off of 2.1 × 1010 are obtained when the optimized lengths of the source and intrinsic regions are almost 14 nm. Very good agreements for both the potential and the drain current are observed between the model calculations and the simulated results.
In Vitro Models for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration
Authors: Tusnim Jarin , Kutuzov Peter , Grasman Jonathan M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPeripheral nerve injury (PNI) resulting in lesions is highly prevalent clinically, but current therapeutic approaches fail to provide satisfactory outcomes in many patients. While peripheral nerves have intrinsic regenerative capacity, the regenerative capabilities of peripheral nerves are often insufficient to restore full functionality. This highlights an unmet need for developing more effective strategies to repair damaged peripheral nerves and improve regenerative success. Consequently, researchers are actively exploring a variety of therapeutic strategies, encompassing the local delivery of trophic factors or bioactive molecules, the design of advanced biomaterials that interact with regenerating axons, and augmentation with nerve guidance conduits or complex prostheses. However, clinical translation of these technologies remains limited, emphasizing the need for continued research on peripheral nerve regeneration modalities that can enhance functional restoration. Experimental models that accurately recapitulate key aspects of peripheral nerve injury and repair biology can accelerate therapeutic development by enabling systematic testing of new techniques. Advancing regenerative therapies for PNI requires bridging the gap between basic science discoveries and clinical application. This review discusses different in vitro models of peripheral nerve injury and repair, including their advantages, limitations, and potential applications.
Impact of the La2NiO4+δ Oxygen Content on the Synaptic Properties of the TiN/La2NiO4+δ/Pt Memristive Devices
Authors: Koroleva Aleksandra , Khuu Thoai‐Khanh , Magén César , Roussel Hervé , Jiménez Carmen , Ternon Céline , Vatajelu Elena‐Ioana , Burriel Mónica 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe rapid development of brain‐inspired computing requires new artificial components and architectures for its hardware implementation. In this regard, memristive devices emerged as potential candidates for artificial synapses because of their ability to emulate the plasticity of the biological synapses. In this work, the synaptic behavior of the TiN/La2NiO4+δ/Pt memristive devices based on thermally annealed La2NiO4+δ films is thoroughly investigated. Using electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), it is shown that post‐deposition annealing using inert (Ar) or oxidizing (O2) atmospheres affects the interstitial oxygen content (δ) in the La2NiO4+δ films. Electrical characterization shows that both devices exhibit long‐term potentiation/depression (LTP/LTD) and spike‐timing‐dependent plasticity (STDP). At the same time, the Ar annealed TiN/La2NiO4+δ/Pt device demonstrates filamentary‐like behavior, fast switching, and low energy consumption. On the other hand, the O2 annealed TiN/La2NiO4+δ/Pt devices are forming‐free, exhibiting interfacial‐like resistive switching with slower kinetics. Finally, the simulation tools show that spiking neural network (SNN) architectures with weight updates based on the experimental data achieve high inference accuracy in the digit recognition task, which proves the potential of TiN/La2NiO4+δ/Pt devices for artificial synapse applications.
Case Report of Friedreich's Ataxia and ALG1‐Related Biochemical Abnormalities in a Patient With Progressive Spastic Paraplegia
Authors: Quinlan Aisling , Rodan Lance , Barkoudah Elizabeth , Tam Amy , Saffari Afshin , Shammas Ibrahim , Ranatunga Wasantha , Morava‐Kozicz Eva , Oglesbee Devin , Berry Gerald , Ebrahimi‐Fakhari Darius , Srivastava Siddharth 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTFrataxin is an evolutionarily conserved mitochondrial protein responsible for iron homeostasis and metabolism. A deficiency of frataxin (encoded by FXN) leads to Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), a progressive disorder that affects both the central and peripheral nervous systems, most commonly via a pathogenic GAA trinucleotide expansion. In contrast, pathogenic variants in ALG1 in humans cause a form of congenital disorder of glycosylation. Here, we present a 15‐year‐old boy with a clinical presentation that raised concern for complex hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), with motor features including progressive spastic paraparesis, cervical dystonia, cerebellar dysfunction, and diminished lower extremity reflexes. The proband was initially found to have a novel compound heterozygous variant in ALG1 on exome sequencing, along with N‐glycan profiling revealing evidence of defective mannosylation and Western blot analysis demonstrating an 84% reduction in ALG1 expression. Although several of his clinical features could be explained by the ALG1 variant specifically or considered as part of the presentation of CDGs in general, there were additional phenotypes that suggested an alternative, or additional, genetic diagnosis. Subsequently, he was found to have biallelic pathogenic GAA repeat expansions in FXN on genome sequencing, leading to a diagnosis of FRDA. Given that FRDA explained all his clinical features, the ALG1 variant may have been a hypomorphic form and/or a biochemical phenotype. Our findings underscore the importance of considering FRDA as a differential diagnosis in cases of complex HSP and demonstrate the utility of unbiased genome sequencing approaches that include detection of trinucleotide repeat expansions for progressive motor disorders.