bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La contribution régionale Nord -Pas-de-Calais au projet de schéma national d'aménagement et de développement du territoire
Authors: Langrand Michel 
Published: January 2018

Conformément à la loi du 4 février 1995, l'Etat a mis à l'étude un schéma national d'aménagement et de développement du territoire à l'horizon 2015.
La préparation de ce texte profite des travaux prospectifs antérieurs : le chantier «Grand Nord» (1992), la stratégie de l'Etat en région (1993), le débat national en région (1993-1994). Elle a fait l'objet d'une concertation au niveau régional, au sein des services de l'Etat et des principales collectivités territoriales. Cette concertation a permis la rédaction d'une contribution conjointe État -Région.
Document prospectif, il entend fixer les grandes lignes de l'aménagement du Nord -Pas-de-Calais dans la France et l'Europe de demain.
Deux idées maîtresses servent d'armature aux propositions qui sont faites :
-la région représente un espace stratégique pour la France dans l'Europe du Nord-Ouest
-la poursuite de la conversion doit s'insérer dans une ambition de développement durable.
Est également proposée une réforme de certains moyens d'action. Ce document stratégique a une double portée :
-il doit contribuer de façon dynamique à l'élaboration du schéma national
-il amorce les travaux que le Conseil Régional sera appelé à mener pour mettre sur pied le futur schéma régional d'aménagement et de développement du territoire.
Fréquentation des sites naturels littoraux , Vers une meilleure connaissance du public : l'exemple de deux sites dunaires à l'Est du Dunkerque
Authors: Meur-Férec Catherine , Hoedt M. , Danes L. 
Published: January 2018

Toward a better knowledge of the public of natural coastal sites : the example of two coastal dunes east of Dunkirk (France) A survey was carried out on two coastal dunes managed by the Conseil Général du Nord (Local Authority) in order to determine what types of visitors frequent these sites and what are their expectations. The results of this survey, realised during a period of one year, are compared with previous work conducted on other coastal sites of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais.
The study sites, Dune Marchand and Dune Fossile de Ghyvelde, are both located east of Dunkirk, in a densely urbanised environment These sites show several differences in terms of morphology and management methods. The Dune Marchand is a coastal dune system on the shore of the North Sea while the Dune Fossile de Ghyvelde is a relict landform located several kilometres inland and stabilised by a dense vegetation cover. Although both sites are the propriety of the Conservatoire de l'Espace Littoral et des Rivages Lacustres and are managed by the Conseil Général du Nord, the public reception policy and the fréquentation are different The Dune Marchand is a natural reserve, enclosed between two sea resorts much frequented during summer, and has been open to the public for several decades. The Dune de Ghyvelde, however, is a protected site (site inscrit ; with fragile vegetation cover and was partially open to the public since July 1999 only.
This case study deals with the issue of nature leisure in protected natural sites in heavily urbanised areas. It highlights the problem of protecting the ecological qualities of natural sites while permitting admittance to the public, and the important issue of education to the environment.
L'épave de Pakoštane, Croatie (fin IVe -début Ve siècle apr. J.-C.). Résultats d'un projet de recherche franco-croate
Authors: Huguet Céline , Capelli C. , Guibal Frédéric , Greck Sandra , Cenzon-Salvayre Carine , Andrieu-Ponel Valérie , Dumas V. 
Published: January 2018

Under the supervision of Giulia Boetto, Irena Radiò Rossi, Sabrina Marlier and Zdenko Brusic, The late antiquity shipwreck of Pakostane (Croatia). The results of a Franco-Croatian research project,
This article présents the results of a Franco-Croatian research programme involving the excavation and study of the Pakostane shipwreck (end of 4th to beginning of 5th century AD) from 2007 to 2008. The town of Pakostane is located in northern Dalmatia between the two urban centres of Zadar to the north and Sibenik to the south. Its port faces three small islets named, from north to south, Babuljas, Veli Skolj and Sveta Justina. The wreck is situated between the islets of Veli Skolj and Sveta Justina, at a depth of between 2.50m (south) to 2.75m (north).
The article is composed of seven chapters written by 14 authors who have, for the most part, participated in on-site missions. The first chapter (I. Radié Rossi, Z. Brusié, M. Ilkié, M. Parica, M. Mestrov) begins with a géographie look at the territory of Pakostane and of its navigation space, then présents a historical summary of archaeological research undertaken along the littoral with the discovery of the harbour zone of Janice (south-east of Pakostane), of the wreck and of the structures hypothetical attributed to the sait pans in the small modem port.
The second chapter (G. Boetto, S. Marlier and I. Radié Rossi) presents the excavation and study of the wreck. The site is characterised by a sector that is very rich in material that has been associated with the galley and Storage zone. The dunnage indicates the presence of a cargo now almost entirely missing (essentially African in origin). Among the most remarkable features of the wreck is the large number of repairs in lead applied to the planking, as well as mends to the frames, and this is also reflected in the great différences in the taxa of wood used for the construction of the hull. The following studies are concerned with typological and archeometrical analyses of the ceramic material (C. Huguet and CI. Capelli respectively) ; determiningthe species of wood of the preserved vestiges of the hull and of the cargo load wedges (F. Guibal, S. Greck and C. Cenzon-Salvayre) ; ana-lysis of the pollen content of the pitch used to protect the hull (V. Andrieu-Ponel). A more technical contribution about digital photogrammetry as used during the opérations of 2008 (V. Dumas) complétés the article.
La donnée numérique, bien public ou instrument de profit
Authors: Isaac Henri 
Published: January 2018

La « mise en données du monde » s’est accélérée avec sa numérisation, provoquant l’émergence d’acteurs privés aptes à capter la valeur de données. L’examen des mécanismes de création de valeur à partir des données met en évidence la complexité de tels processus, ainsi que les investissements de forme nécessaires pour en extraire la valeur. Dès lors se pose la question de savoir si la seule ouverture des données publiques est en mesure de faire des données un bien public.
Objet et méthodes générales de l’écotoxicologie aquatique
Authors: Pérès G. 
Published: January 2018

Aims and general methods for aquatic ecotoxicology
Water ecotoxicology is different from general toxicology by its aims : research of xenobiotics’s effects on the living matter in the aquatic environment moreover by its methods adapted to ecology’s requirements and to practical finality.
However it must be more and more to be attentive a manifestness of mecanisms, by means of synthetical and explanatory ecophysiopathology in future prospects of a pertinent prophylaxis and even a efficient therapy.
¿Cómo incentivar la motivación por aprender en nuestros alumnos?
Authors: Tapia López María Catalina 
Published: January 2018

En la práctica docente se manifiesta preocupación por la falta de interés en aprender que muestran muchos alumnos. Lo que lleva a reflexionar y cambiar las estrategias didácticas utilizadas en el aula de clase, para que motiven a los alumnos a mejorar su desempeño académico. Sin embargo, estos cambios no siempre han dado los frutos deseados y se continúa en la búsqueda de esos “puntos claves”. El libro “Pedagogía de la Motivación”, de Brigitte Prot, permite realizar un análisis más profundo de los procesos pedagógicos que deben ser tomados como puntos de referencia para poder incentivar, día a día, la motivación en los alumnos, ya que la autora a través de esta obra, presenta un conjunto de elementos fundamentales encaminados a despertar el deseo de aprender. El presente artículo contiene una reflexión acerca de lo que se considera uno de los problemas más significativo que se encuentra en el ámbito académico: los alumnos carecen de motivación por aprender, así como algunos aspectos que han resultado positivos a lo largo de la práctica docente; partiendo de la premisa de que no sirve de nada cualquier cambio que se haga a nivel institucional, curricular, así como cualquier esfuerzo desarrollado por ellos sino incentivan a los alumnos a aprender.
Quantitative assessment of movements with inertial sensors in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Hobert Markus A 
Published: January 2018

A major problem in the field of Parkinson's disease (PD) is that there is no objective assessment tool for PD symptoms to date. At the moment data are mostly collected with questionaires, interviews, or clinical scales. This makes the assessment of changes in the course of the disease, due to training or due to medication very difficult for patients and medical staff. A way to solve this issue is the objective measurement of movements (in patients with PD) with (small) body-worn sensor units containing accelerometers, gyroscopes and magnetometers.
There are four main fields of applications of these sensor units in PD:
1) Measuring symptoms and instrumented clinical scales;
2) Instrumented functional assessments;
3) Quantification of daily activity;
4) Technology-assisted neurorehabilitation;
In the talk examples of these four fields of applications have been discussed.
Customization of psychosocial stress effects on human health: An intrapersonal conflict perspective
Authors: Sandoz Patrick 
Published: January 2018

From etiologic, clinical or public health perspectives, differences in psychosocial stress responses remain a huge scientific and medical challenge. We address the customization of psychosocial stress responses in humans by considering our dual character of independent organisms and interdependent social group members as a source of intrapersonal conflicts.
By challenging our subjective representations on our social identity, psychosocial stress triggers or exhibits intrapersonal conflicts and may enhance divergence between physiologically-driven and psycho-sociologically-driven internal forces. In this perspective, our individual-specific brain development constitutes a major cause of interindividual variability since it impacts the overall stress-to-disease links.
We propose a two-step stress-to-disease etiological chain: i) stress perception and appraisal and ii) response to actually perceived stress. We argue that the first step of stress perception and appraisal is more affected by interindividual variability than the second step of response to actually perceived stress. A psychocognitive approach correlating symptoms with actually perceived stress is proposed to address the epidemiology of psychosocial stress effects. The ability of this approach to reduce interindividual variability biases is discussed.
From this perspective, pathological effects of psychosocial stress might be questioned as possible conflict responses internally emerging as the lesser evil, thus corresponding to adaptation attempts.
Exploring the attitudes of medical faculty members and students in Pakistan towards plagiarism: a cross sectional survey
Authors: Rathore Farooq A , Waqas Ahmed , Zia Ahmad Marjan , Mavrinac Martina , Farooq Fareeha 
Published: January 2018

Objective:The objective of this survey was to explore the attitudes towards plagiarism of faculty members and medical students in Pakistan.
Methods:The attitudes toward plagiarism questionnaire (ATPQ) was modified and distributed among 550 medical students and 130 faculty members in 7 medical colleges of Lahore and Rawalpindi. Data was entered in the SPSS v.20 and descriptive statistics were analyzed. The questionnaire was validated by principal axis factoring analysis.
Results:Response rate was 93% and 73% respectively. Principal axis factoring analysis confirmed one factor structure of ATPQ in the present sample. It had an acceptable Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.73. There were 421 medical students (218 (52%) female, 46% 3rd year MBBS students, mean age of 20.93 ± 1.4 years) and 95 faculty members (54.7% female, mean age 34.5 ± 8.9 years). One fifth of the students (19.7%) trained in medical writing (19.7%), research ethics (25.2%) or were currently involved in medical writing (17.6%). Most of the faculty members were demonstrators (66) or assistant professors (20) with work experience between 1-10 years. Most of them had trained in medical writing (68), research ethics (64) and were currently involved in medical writing (64). Medical students and faculty members had a mean score of 43.21 (7.1) and 48.4 (5.9) respectively on ATPQ. Most of the respondents did not consider that they worked in a plagiarism free environment and reported that self-plagiarism should not be punishable in the same way as plagiarism. Opinion regarding leniency in punishment of younger researchers who were just learning medical writing was divided.
Conclusions:The general attitudes of Pakistani medical faculty members and medical students as assessed by ATPQ were positive. We propose training in medical writing and research ethics as part of the under and post graduate medical curriculum.
Divergent thermal specialisation of two South African entomopathogenic nematodes
Authors: Hill Matthew P , Malan Antoinette P , Terblanche John S 
Published: January 2018

Thermal physiology of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) is a critical aspect of field performance and fitness. Thermal limits for survival and activity, and the ability of these limits to adjust (i.e. show phenotypic flexibility) depending on recent thermal history, are generally poorly established, especially for non-model nematode species. Here we report the acute thermal limits for survival, and the thermal acclimation-related plasticity thereof for two key endemic South African EPN species, Steinernema yirgalemense and Heterorhabditis zealandica. Results including LT50 indicate S. yirgalemense (LT50 = 40.8±0.3°C) has greater high temperature tolerance than H. zealandica (LT50 = 36.7±0.2°C), but S. yirgalemense (LT50 = -2.4±0°C) has poorer low temperature tolerance in comparison to H. zealandica (LT50 = -9.7±0.3°C), suggesting these two EPN species occupy divergent thermal niches to one another.
Acclimation had both negative and positive effects on temperature stress survival of both species, although the overall variation meant that many of these effects were non-significant. There was no indication of a consistent loss of plasticity with improved basal thermal tolerance for either species at upper lethal temperatures. At lower temperatures measured for H. zealandica, the 5°C acclimation lowered survival until below -12.5°C, where after it increased survival. Such results indicate that the thermal niche breadth of EPN species can differ significantly depending on recent thermal conditions, and should be characterized across a broad range of species to understand the evolution of thermal limits to performance and survival in this group.
The use and evaluation of self-regulation techniques can predict health goal attainment in adults: an explorative study
Authors: Plaete Jolien , De Bourdeaudhuij Ilse , Verloigne Maite , Crombez Geert 
Published: January 2018

Background. Self-regulation tools are not always used optimally, and implementation intention plans often lack quality. Therefore, this study explored participants’ use and feasibility evaluation of self-regulation techniques and their impact on goal attainment.
Methods. Data were obtained from 452 adults in a proof of concept (POC) intervention of ‘MyPlan’, an eHealth intervention using self-regulation techniques to promote three healthy behaviours (physical activity(PA), fruit intake, or vegetable intake). Participants applied self-regulation techniques to a self-selected health behaviour, and evaluated the self-regulation techniques. The quality of implementation intentions was rated by the authors as a function of instrumentality (instrumental and non-instrumental) and specificity (non-specific and medium to high specific). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to predict goal attainment.
Results. Goal attainment was significantly predicted by the motivational value of the personal advice (OR:1.86), by the specificity of the implementation intentions (OR:3.5), by the motivational value of the action plan (OR:1.86), and by making a new action plan at follow-up (OR:4.10). Interaction-effects with behaviour showed that the specificity score of the implementation intention plans (OR:4.59), the motivational value of the personal advice (OR:2.38), selecting hindering factors and solutions(OR:2.00) and making a new action plan at follow-up (OR:7.54) were predictive of goal attainment only for fruit or vegetable intake. Also, when participants in the fruit and vegetable group made more than three plans, they were more likely to attain their goal (OR:1.73), whereas the reverse was the case in the PA group (OR:0.34).
Discussion. Feedback on goal feasibility, coping implementation intentions, further research to investigate the optimal number of plans for different behaviours, the optimal frequency and timing of follow-up modules and new ways to incorporate social support in eHealth interventions, are recommended.
Development and validation of gas chromatography methods for the control of volatile impurities in the pharmaceutical substance dutasteride
Authors: Groman Aleksandra , Stolarczyk Elżbieta U. , Jatczak Marta , Lipiec-Abramska Elżbieta 
Published: January 2018

Dutasteride, N-[2,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-oxo-4-aza-5α-androst-1-ene-17β-carboxamide, is an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) which inhibits the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. Dutasteride as a 5-reductase inhibitor is useful for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer. Because of a large variety of solvents and reagents used in the synthesis, it was necessary to develop new, sensitive and selective gas chromatography (GC) methods. The optimization of the methods consisted in selecting different types of sample injection and detection as well as optimization of experimental conditions that allowed to meet the appropriate range (10-120% of the specification limit) and suitable detection limits (LOD) of compounds. Significant differences in the volatility of these compounds forced the division into volatile solvents (methanol, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, heptane and toluene) analyzed with the use of the gas chromatography with headspace (GC-HS) and less volatile compounds (pyridine, dimethylformamide, 1,4-dioxane, acetic acid, ethylene glycol, 4-dimethylaminopyridine) analyzed with the use of gas chromatography with direct injection (GC-FID). Benzene, carbon tetrachloride and 1,2-dichloroethane are potential contaminants of toluene and dichloromethane, thus the control of these solvents was a limit test procedure. Due to the low specification limits for benzene (2 ppm), carbon tetrachloride (4 ppm) and 1,2-dichloroethane (5 ppm) it was neccesery to use gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (GC-MS).
All three new methods were validated according to the requirements of the ICH (International Conference on Harmonization) validation guideline Q2R1 and the guideline for residual solvents Q3C. Specificity, precision, accuracy, linearity, limits of detection and quantitation and robustness were determined and the results meeting the acceptance criteria were obtained.
Impact of agricultural management on bacterial laccase-encoding genes with possible implications for soil carbon storage in semi-arid Mediterranean olive farming
Authors: Moreno Beatriz , Benitez Emilio 
Published: January 2018

Background . Laccases, mostly laccase-like multicopper oxidases (LMCO), are probably the most common ligninolytic enzymes in soil. Although, in recent studies, laccase-encoding genes have been successfully used as molecular markers in order to elucidate the role of bacteria in soil organic C cycling , further research in this field is necessary . In this study, using rainfed olive farming as an experimental model, we determined the stability and accumulation levels of humic substances and appliedthese data to bacterial laccase-encoding gene expression and diversity in soils under four different agricultural management systems (bare soils under tillage/no tillage and vegetation cover under chemical/mechanical management).
Materials and Methods. Humic C (>10 4 Da) was subjected to isoelectric focusing. The GC-MS method was used to analyze aromatic hydrocarbons. Real-Time PCR quantification and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis ( DGGE) of DNA/RNA for functional bacterial laccase-like multicopper oxidase (LMCO)-encoding genes and transcripts were also carried out.
Results. Soils under spontaneous vegetation, eliminated in springtime using mechanical methods, showed the highest humic acid levels as well as the largest bacterial population, rich in laccase genes and transcripts after more than 30 years of experiments. The structure of the bacterial community based on LMCO genes also pointed to phylogenetic differences between these soils due to the impact of different management systems. Soils where herbicides were used to eliminate spontaneous vegetation once a year and those where pre-emergence herbicides resulted in bare soils clustered together for DNA-based DGGEanalysis, which indicated a certain amount of microbial selection due to the application of herbicides. When LMCO-encoding gene expression was studied, soils where cover vegetation was managed either with herbicides or with mechanical methods showed less than 10% similarity, suggesting that the different laccase substrates derived from vegetation cover decay when herbicides are used.
Conclusions. We suggest that the low humic acid content retrieved in the herbicide-treated soils was mainly related to the type (due to vegetal cover specialization ) and smaller quantity (due to lower vegetal biomass levels) of phenolic substrates for laccase enzymes involved in humification processes. We also found that spontaneous vegetal cover managed using mechanical methods could be the best option for achieving C stabilization in rainfed Mediterranean agroecosystems.