bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its treatment in the Russian Federation: Results of a cross-sectional assessment from the CORSAIR observational study
Authors: Arkhipov V. V. , Avdeev S. N. , Trofimov V. I. , Osipova G. L. , Vishneva E. M. , Shangina О. A. , Kirillova N. A. , Lagutina Т. A. , Van’kova E. I. , Shipilova I. A. , Ilkovich J. M. , Ananeva О. Y. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract Up-to-date data on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the Russian Federation are necessary to improve medical care effectiveness.This article presents the results of the retrospective part and the cross-sectional assessment of the CORSAIR study, which aimed to assess the distribution of COPD patients in the Russian population by symptom severity and exacerbation risk as per GOLD (2020) classification groups A, B, C, D.Methods. The observational multicenter study CORSAIR included a cross-sectional assessment with data collection during the previous 12 months (retrospective part) and subsequent follow-up for 12 months (prospective part). Data from 704 patients obtained at 18 study sites from August 2021 to November 2022 are presented. At the first visit, the physician recorded medical history, clinical data on the disease course, and COPD therapy, assessed compliance of treatment with national guidelines, and determined whether treatment change was needed considering the predominant treatable trait (dyspnea or exacerbation).Results. Upon inclusion, most patients had severe COPD symptoms (mMRC score ≥ 2; САТ score ≥ 10) and severe and very severe airflow obstruction (GOLD III and GOLD IV; FEV1 < 50% оf predicted). More than half of the patients had at least one moderate or severe COPD exacerbation within the previous 12 months. As per the GOLD (2020) classification, 57.2% of patients belonged to Group B (severe symptoms and low risk of exacerbations) and 30.3% to Group D (severe symptoms and high risk of exacerbations). 58.8% of patients received treatment that was not compliant with national clinical guidelines in force at the study initiation. 31.7% of patients had not COPD control. Blood eosinophil count was above 300 cells/μL in 15.1% of patients.Conclusion. In most cases, patients had severe COPD symptoms with frequent exacerbations, and the prescribed treatment did not comply with national clinical guidelines. These data will be analyzed alongside the prospective study results.
Intrapulmonary electronic auscultation for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Glotov S. I. , Uryasev O. M. , Byalovskiy Yu. Yu. , Bulatetskiy S. V. , Ponomareva I. B. 
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study was to develop and perform clinical testing of the intrapulmonary electronic auscultation method for audio and video recording at various levels of the tracheobronchial tree for the diagnosis of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods. We examined 31 patients with moderate (n = 17) and severe (n = 14) COPD with severe symptoms outside of exacerbation and 35 patients with moderate (n = 19) and severe (n = 16) partially controlled asthma. Traditional bronchoscopy was performed, including intrabronchial recording of acoustic noise with a microphone (introduced into the instrumental channel of the bronchoscope) at various levels of the tracheobronchial tree. Video recording in various modes revealed the causes of wheezing. At the same time, pulmonary sounds were recorded in the interscapular region of the chest at the projection points of the bronchoscope in the tracheobronchial tree using a 3M™ Littmann® 3200 electronic stethoscope (USA).Results. The greatest intergroup differences between patients with moderate and severe COPD were demonstrated by intrapulmonary sound parameters (frequency and duration of wheezing, р < 0.0001) and frequency response (amplitude-frequency characteristics) of wheezing in the lumen of the 4th order bronchi (р < 0.0001), significantly exceeded the corresponding sound phenomena during auscultation from the surface of the chest (р < 0.01). The most significant intergroup differences in the groups of BA patients with moderate and severe disease were observed in the frequency response of wheezing during intrapulmonary auscultation in the lumen of the 3rd order (р < 0.0001) and 4th order (р < 0.0001) bronchi; smaller differences were observed in the frequency response during auscultation from the chest surface (р < 0.001).Conclusion. Intrapulmonary auscultation is a modern auscultatory method which can improve the quality and efficiency of diagnosis of asthma and COPD in pulmonology.
Erdosteine in the treatment of acute and chronic diseases of the respiratory system: resolution of the scientific forum of experts “In the Spotlight”
Authors: Trofimenko I. N. , Avdeev S. N. , Aisanov Z. R. , Zaicev A. A. 
Published: October 2024

Airway mucus hypersecretion is a pathophysiologic manifestation of acute and chronic airway inflammatory disease. Mucolytics can reduce mucus viscosity and promote mucus discharge and therefore can be considered pathogenetically based therapy.The purpose of this publication with the resolution of the scientific forum of experts was to discuss pharmacological features, efficacy, and safety of erdosteine.Results. Experts of thescientific forum not only reviewed the results of clinical trials, but also voted on the use of mucoactive drugs according to the principle of Delphi consensus. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of mucoactive drugs (erdosteine, acetylcysteine, carbocysteine, ambroxol) in patients with respiratory diseases by the experts during voting showed that the highest level of agreement among the experts was achieved for the drug Elmucin® (erdosteine) in terms of its mucolytic activity and other pharmacological features, as well as when discussing the safety of the compared drugs in the officially recommended doses. The highest level of agreement was also noted on the erdosteine efficacy in COPD patients in reducing the frequency and duration of disease exacerbations, as well as reducing the risk of hospitalization of COPD patients when used long-term as part of combination therapy. The demonstrated safety profile was the most beneficial among the reviewed mucoactive drugs.Conclusion. Elmucin® is a mucolytic with pleiotropic effects such as complex mucoactive action, potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity with anti-adhesive effect for pathogens that determine its clinical efficacy in the treatment of acute and chronic airway diseases.
Choice of therapy for patients who do not achieve control over bronchial asthma on basic therapy with medium doses of inhaled glucocorticosteroids/long-acting β2-agonists. Resolution of the Expert Council
Authors: Avdeev S. N. , Aisanov Z. R. , Arkhipov V. V. , Belevskiy A. S. , Ilyina N. I. , Kurbacheva O. M. , Nenasheva N. M. 
Published: October 2024

Recently, new drugs for the treatment of bronchial asthma (BA) have been registered in the Russian Federation: fixed triple combinations, which include inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), long-acting β2-agonists (LABA) and anticholinergics, high-dose combinations of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) and formoterol (FORM) in the form of an extrafine metered-dose aerosol, which allows prescribing 800 mcg of extrafine BDP and 24 mcg of FORM per day.The aim of publishing the resolution of the Expert Council “Choice of therapy for patients who do not achieve control over bronchial asthma on basic therapy with medium doses of inhaled corticosteroids/long-acting β2-agonists” was to compare possible ways of therapy optimization and propose criteria for choosing therapeutic alternatives based on the individual clinical and phenotypic characteristics.Conclusion. If a patient does not achieve asthma control (or had asthma exacerbations over the past year) with alternative therapy at step 4, it is advisable to switch to a maintenance and relief therapy (MART) regimen with fixed combination of inhaled corticosteroids/formoterol and with medium doses of ICS in the maintenance part of the regimen. In patients with poor control on alternative therapy with a medium dose of ICS, it is advisable to consider increasing the dose of ICS as part of an ICS/LABA combination or as part of a triple combination instead of switching to MART. Switching to a medium- or high-dose triple combination is especially useful for patients with fixed obstruction and when bronchial asthma is combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In patients who require high-dose therapy, it is advisable to consider prescribing high doses of ICS using an extrafine combination of BDP/FORM (400/12 mcg in the morning and evening). If MART with a medium dose of ICS does not prevent exacerbations, provide normal spirometry results and/or good control of symptoms, MART in combination with an anticholinergic drug should be used at step 5. If triple therapy or high doses of ICS/LABA are insufficiently effective, biological therapy should be considered.
Prospects of vaccination against pneumococcal infection based on the asthma phenotype
Authors: Kostinov A. M. , Konishcheva A. Yu. 
Published: October 2024

According to recent studies, bronchial asthma is characterized by a wide variability of the mechanisms of occurrence and progression. This heterogeneity is caused by patterns of predominant cells and inflammatory mediators, which determine differences in immunological parameters observed in patients with certain endotypes depending on the dominant type of mediators (high and low T2 inflammation). In long-term observations, a substantial research base has been accumulated justifying the effectiveness of vaccination against pneumococcal infection in patients with asthma. The vaccination decreases the frequency of exacerbations of the disease and hospitalizations in the short and medium term. However, these studies evaluated the asthma patients as a wholesome population, and it remains unexplored whether the effect of pneumococcal vaccines on asthma differs depending on the endotype of the disease and what are the mechanisms of such a differentiated effect.The aim of this work is to present the results of recent quality studies on changes in the profile of inflammatory asthma mediators under the action of immunobiological substances based on Streptococcus pneumoniae antigens, primarily from the vaccines.Conclusion. The asthma heterogeneity can lead to different clinical outcomes in pneumococcal infection and, respectively, the clinical effects of immunization in patients differentiate according to the nature of inflammation. In other words, the uniformity of the clinical effect of vaccination against pneumococcal infection in all patients in ongoing studies may represent the combined effect of molecular mechanisms regulating the specific activity of Th1-, Th2-, Th17-, NKT-, and Treg-cells. The results of studies proving the ability of pneumococcal vaccines to modulate the Th1-, Th2-, Th17-, Treg immune response in patients with asthma contributed to increased interest in developing new immunoregulatory therapeutic agents based on S. pneumoniae antigens.
Correlation of Tongue Dimensions and Posture with Lower Central Incisor Inclination and Alveolar Bone Thickness in Skeletal Class I and II Malocclusion: A CBCT Study
Authors: Dalaie Kazem , Rafsanjan Katayoun Talebi , Safi Yaser , Tahmasbi Soodeh , Hajimiresmail Yasaman Sadat 
Published: October 2024

Background: In this study, Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) was used to assess the dimension and posture of the tongue, as well as Alveolar Bone Thickness (ABT) and labiolingual inclination of mandibular central incisors in order to look for any correlations.
Methods: A total of 200 CBCT images of skeletal Class I and II individuals were studied. Each group of malocclusion was divided into three subgroups: low-angle, normal-angle, and high-angle. Buccal and lingual alveolar bone thickness (BT & LT), and the Inclination of Mandibular Plane Angle (IMPA) were measured and compared by using T-test. The spearman rank correlations test analyzed the correlations between dental variables and tongue measurements (p<0.05).
Results: Significant weak correlations were identified between dental variables and tongue measurements. In Cl I malocclusion, IMPA and Tongue Length (TGL) were found to be significantly correlated with a correlation value of 0.324 (p=0.001). In Cl II malocclusion, there was a significant correlation between BT3 and TGH. About BT3, there was a significant correlation with D4’ and a negative correlation with D5’. Further comparison among vertical subgroups revealed the same results.
Conclusion: Class I patients with superior tongue posture may have thicker lingual alveolar bone around mandibular incisors and Class II patients showed that thicker labial alveolar bone of lower incisor and thinner alveolar bone at the lingual side may be associated with a superior position of the posterior portion of the tongue.
Estratégia para o lançamento de um produto inovador na indústria farmacêutica brasileira
Authors: Maluf Ligia Maura Primo , Caldeira Adilson , Marcondes Reynaldo Cavalheiro 
Published: October 2024

Com o objetivo de promover o desenvolvimento de negócios de uma empresa do setor farmacêutico mediante o lançamento de um medicamento inovador para o tratamento de pacientes internados por Covid-19, em estágios moderado e grave, a ação intervencionista descrita seguiu método para a construção de trabalhos práticos aplicados à resolução de problemas organizacionais e aproveitamento de oportunidades. Chegou-se, assim, à definição, avaliação e implementação das estratégias adotadas para a finalidade proposta, mediante inovação radical em produto, de uma molécula farmacêutica inédita patenteada, inovação de posição, por sua aplicação a finalidades diversas, visto que anteriormente estava em testes para outras enfermidades, assim como inovação de paradigma, por envolver estudos clínicos realizados no Brasil de um produto composto por uma molécula desenvolvida por uma empresa norte-americana. Desse modo, atingiu-se o objetivo estabelecido, pois amplia-se o portfólio de negócios da empresa por meio da oferta de um produto inédito e patenteado, que, por atender à demanda de melhoria da saúde pública, constitui uma importante contribuição à sociedade. A adoção de procedimentos metodológicos de natureza científica confere ao projeto o potencial de replicação em situações assemelhadas enfrentadas pela própria empresa ou por outras, similares.
Teoría de la mente en los subtipos de deterioro cognitivo leve: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Guerrero Oyarzún Eduardo , Bernal-Ruiz Francisca 
Published: October 2024

Los procesos de cognición social se encuentran alterados en la enfermedad de Alzheimer y otras demencias, pero se sabe menos respecto a su funcionamiento en los distintos subtipos de deterioro cognitivo leve. Objetivo: Revisión sistemática basada en la recopilación de estudios que analizan el funcionamiento y la trayectoria de la teoría de la mente en pacientes con deterioro cognitivo leve de tipo amnésico, no amnésico, unidominio y/o multidominio. Materiales y métodos: Siguiendo las directrices PRISMA, se procedió a la búsqueda, selección y extracción de estudios cuya calidad fue luego evaluada de acuerdo con la guía STROBE. Resultados: Se analizaron los hallazgos de 16 estudios publicados entre 2013 y 2023 que cumplían los criterios de inclusión. Entre estos estudios, 15 muestran que la teoría de la mente está alterada en todos los tipos de deterioro cognitivo leve, especialmente en el de tipo amnésico, independientemente de la etiología y los criterios diagnósticos utilizados. Conclusiones: El deterioro cognitivo leve se asocia con déficits significativos en la teoría de la mente, especialmente en el subtipo amnésico. Futuros estudios de corte longitudinal deberán investigar el curso de tales déficits y explorar más a fondo sus correlatos conductuales y neurales.
Athletes and Iron - Challenges and Future of Sports Nutrition
Authors: Takahashi Ryunosuke , Hata Katsuhiko , Okamura Koji , Fujii Takako 
Published: October 2024

One of the most common nutritional problems in athletes is iron deficiency. Although a lot of research has been done, the problem is still not solved. It is believed that iron deficiency is basically a lack of iron intake due to low dietary intake. Therefore, athletes who are found to be iron deficient are required to increase their iron intake (supplementation or intravenous administration). However, there are many supplements available on the market today, and if the problem is simply a lack of iron intake, it is a nutritional problem that should have been solved. In other words, there are reasons why the problem cannot be solved by simply taking iron, and it is important to conduct further research on the relationship between iron status and physical activity in the future.
In this paper, we summarize our recent research, focusing on the studies we have done so far.
Methylglyoxal: A Key Factor for Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Effects on Retinal Damage
Authors: Klochkov Vladlen , Chan Chi-Ming , Lin Wan-Wan 
Published: October 2024

Diabetic retinopathy is the most common retinal vascular disease, affecting the retina&#039;s blood vessels and causing chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and ultimately, vision loss. Diabetes-induced elevated glucose levels increase glycolysis, the main pathway for methylglyoxal (MGO) formation. MGO is a highly reactive dicarbonyl and the most rapid glycation compound to form endogenous advanced glycation end products (AGEs). MGO can act both intra- and extracellularly by glycating molecules and activating the RAGE pathway. This review summarizes the sources of MGO formation and its actions on various cell pathways in retinal cells such as oxidative stress, glycation, autophagy, ER stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Finally, the detoxification of MGO by glyoxalases is discussed.
Photocatalytic Reactions over TiO<sub>2</sub>-Based Interfacial Charge Transfer Complexes
Authors: Lazić Vesna , Nedeljković Jovan M. 
Published: October 2024

The present review is related to the novel approach for improvement of the optical properties of wide bandgap metal oxides, in particular TiO2, based on the formation of the inorganic-organic hybrids that display absorption in the visible spectral range due to the formation of interfacial charge transfer (ICT) complexes. We outlined the property requirements of TiO2-based ICT complexes for efficient photo-induced catalytic reactions, emphasizing the simplicity of the synthetic procedure, the possibility of the fine-tuning of the optical properties supported by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and the formation of a covalent linkage between inorganic and organic components of hybrids, i.e., the nature of the interface. In addition, this study provides a comprehensive insight into potential applications of TiO2-based ICT complexes in photo-driven catalytic reactions (water splitting and degradation of organic molecules), including the identification of reactive species that participate in photocatalytic reactions by the spin-trapping electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique. Considering the practically limitless number of combinations between inorganic and organic components capable of forming oxide-based ICT complexes and with the knowledge that this research area is unexplored, we are confident it is worth studying, and we emphasized some further perspectives.
Analysis of the effectiveness of the implementation of investment projects projects of the eaeu regions
Authors: Ershova I. G. , Fraymovich D. Yu. , Kolosova M. S. 
Published: October 2024

Relevance. The Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is the most important instrument of cooperation between Russia, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, as well as the most important strategic entity in the context of modern geopolitical realities. It is in such an unstable period that joint cooperation is an integral feature of the long-term development of the member states of the union. The article examines the processes of development and implementation of the largest construction projects within the EAEU, as well as examines the issues of financing these projects, and evaluates the effectiveness of their implementation for each participating country.The purpose of the work is to identify the role of the EAEU in the development of the participating countries, their points of contact and cooperation.Objectives: to analyze the volume of completed construction works of the EAEU member states, the number of housing squares commissioned on the territory of the EAEU; to estimate the amount of investments invested in the largest investment projects of the EAEU in the participating countries.Methodology. The basis of the study is the database of the official portal of the Eurasian Union and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The materials of Russian and foreign experts published in the official publication of the Eurasian Union "Bulletin of the EEA" were also used in this study. Methods of comparison, synthesis and analysis of information resources were used in the study. Results. The unified strategy for the economic development of the EAEU member states, taking into account internal and external challenges, is implemented mainly through the active development and development of the largest investment programs throughout the Union.Conclusions. The active work of the EAEU brings tangible benefits and advantages to each member country of the union through the exchange of technologies, production experience and resources, as well as through the development of transport infrastructure. At the same time, questions remain about the sufficiency of the contribution of specific States to joint development, since some of them do not have a sufficient level of development and a sufficient amount of natural resources.