bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Nano-Nozzles Cross-Sectional Geometry on Fluid Flow: Molecular Dynamic Simulation
Authors: Nowruzi H. , Ghassemi H. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractNano-nozzles are an essential part of the nano electromechanical systems (NEMS). Cross-sectional geometry of nano-nozzles has a significant role on the fluid flow inside them. So, main purpose of the present study is related to the effects of different symmetrical cross-sections on the fluid flow behavior inside of nano-nozzles. To this accomplishment, five different cross-sectional geometries (equilateral triangle, square, regular hexagon, elliptical and circular) are investigated by using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. In addition, TIP4P is used for atomistic water model. In order to evaluate the fluid flow behavior, non-dimensional physical parameters such as Fanning friction factor, velocity profile and density number are analyzed. Obtained results are shown that the flow behavior characteristics appreciably depend on the geometry of nano-nozzle's cross-section. Velocity profile and density number for five different cross sections of nano-nozzle at three various measurement gauges are presented and discussed.
The Magneto-Elastic Internal Resonances of Rectangular Conductive Thin Plate With Different Size Ratios
Authors: Li J. , Hu Y. D. , Wang Y. N. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBased on the basic equations of electromagnetic elastic motion and the expression of electromagnetic force, the electromagnetic vibration equation of the rectangular thin plate in transverse magnetic field is obtained. For a rectangular plate with one side fixed and three other sides simply supported, its time variable and space variable are separated by the method of Galerkin, and the two-degree-of-freedom nonlinear Duffing vibration differential equations are proposed. The method of multiple scales is adopted to solve the model equations and obtain four first-order ordinary differential equations governing modulation of the amplitudes and phase angles involved via 1:1 or 1:3 internal resonances with different size ratios. With a numerical example, the time history response diagrams, phase portraits and 3-dimension responses of two order modal amplitudes are respectively captured. And the effects of initial values, thickness and magnetic field intensities on internal resonance characteristics are discussed respectively. The results also present obvious characteristics of typical nonlinear internal resonance in this paper.
How work–family enrichment influence innovative work behavior: Role of psychological capital and supervisory support
Authors: Mishra Pavitra , Bhatnagar Jyotsna , Gupta Rajen , Wadsworth Shelley MacDermid 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis paper examines the relationship between bi-directional work–family enrichment, psychological capital, and supervisor support in promoting innovative work behavior. We hypothesized that work-to-family enrichment and family-to-work enrichment would have a positive relation with psychological capital. Further, we examined that psychological capital would mediate the relationship between (i) work-to-family enrichment and innovative work behavior, and (ii) family-to-work enrichment and innovative work behavior. We also studied the role of supervisor support as a predictor or moderator for catalyzing innovative work behavior. Data were collected through questionnaire survey from 398 service-sector employees. We analyzed the data using structural equation modeling. Building on the theoretical foundation of broaden-and-build theory, we establish that both work-to-family enrichment and family-to-work enrichment were positively related to psychological capital. Psychological capital fully mediated between bi-directional enrichment and innovative work behavior. Supervisor support was directly related to innovative work behavior. We also suggest interventions for facilitating innovative work behavior.
The effect of position on the precision of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and correlation with body condition score in dogs and cats
Authors: Bjørnvad Charlotte R. , Nielsen Mie E. , Hansen Susanna E. M. , Nielsen Dorte H. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) has been used to assess body composition in dogs and cats in several studies, but studies are difficult to compare for several reasons. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether positioning of dogs or cats in either dorsal or ventral recumbency during DEXA scanning influences results. Dogs and cats that were brought to the University Hospital for Companion Animals for euthanasia during the period 15 September–6 November 2015 were consecutively recruited if owners signed a written consent. Following euthanasia and before rigor mortis, the animals were body condition scored (BCS, nine-point scale) and DEXA scanned. DEXA measurements of total body mass (TBM), bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), lean soft tissue mass (LSTM) and body fat (BF) were performed five times in ventral and two times in dorsal recumbency on each animal. Differences between positioning were analysed using Student's t test or Wilcoxon's test depending on normality of the data. A total of thirteen dogs and seven cats of different breeds, size, sexes and age were included. The CV for DEXA parameters in ventral or dorsal recumbency were, for dogs, TBM ≤ 0·1 %, BMC ≤ 1·63 %, BMD ≤ 1·29 %, LSTM ≤ 0·89 % and BF ≤ 1·52 %; and, for cats, TBM ≤ 0·08 %, BMC ≤ 0·61 %, BMD ≤ 0·49 %, LSTM ≤ 0·45 % and BF ≤ 0·88 %. In both positions, a good correlation was found for dogs (r 0·84–0·85; P < 0·0003) and cats (r 0·89–0·90; P < 0·0081) between the nine-point BCS system and BF percentage measured by DEXA. Ventral and dorsal recumbency provides comparable results, except that BMD measures were higher in dorsal recumbency (P < 0·0004).
The impact of time of neutering on weight gain and energy intake in female kittens
Authors: Allaway David , Gilham Matthew , Colyer Alison , Morris Penelope J. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractNeutering is a risk factor for obesity in companion animals. In a study to determine the total energy requirements of kittens (15–52 weeks) the impact of neutering and age when neutered on intake and body weight (BW) was investigated. Females (n14), neutered when 19 (early neuter; EN) or 31 (conventional neuter; CN) weeks old (n7/group), were individually fed to maintain an ideal body condition score (BCS). EN kittens gained weight gradually whilst CN kittens’ BW gain slowed from week 24, weighing less than EN kittens from week 30 with a reduced energy intake (kcal/kg BW0·67) in weeks 24–32 (P< 0·05). Following neutering, CN cats’ BW and energy intake increased rapidly (energy intake CN > EN in weeks 36–40). Although EN required earlier diet restriction, acute hyperphagia and increased rate of BW gain following neutering were not observed. Earlier neutering may aid healthy weight management through growth when regulating intake to maintain an ideal BCS.
ANALYSIS OF CONTACT CAUCHY–RIEMANN MAPS II: CANONICAL NEIGHBORHOODS AND EXPONENTIAL CONVERGENCE FOR THE MORSE–BOTT CASE
Authors: OH YONG-GEUN , WANG RUI 
Published: May 2017

This is a sequel to the papers Oh and Wang (Real and Complex Submanifolds, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics 106 (2014), 43–63, eds. by Y.-J. Suh and et al. for ICM-2014 satellite conference, Daejeon, Korea, August 2014; arXiv:1212.4817; Analysis of contact Cauchy–Riemann maps I: a priori$C^{k}$estimates and asymptotic convergence, submitted, preprint, 2012, arXiv:1212.5186v3). In Oh and Wang (Real and Complex Submanifolds, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistics 106 (2014), 43–63, eds. by Y.-J. Suh and et al. for ICM-2014 satellite conference, Daejeon, Korea, August 2014; arXiv:1212.4817), the authors introduced a canonical affine connection on $M$ associated to the contact triad $(M,\unicode[STIX]{x1D706},J)$. In Oh and Wang (Analysis of contact Cauchy–Riemann maps I: a priori$C^{k}$estimates and asymptotic convergence, submitted, preprint, 2012, arXiv:1212.5186v3), they used the connection to establish a priori$W^{k,p}$-coercive estimates for maps $w:\dot{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F4}}\rightarrow M$ satisfying $\overline{\unicode[STIX]{x2202}}^{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}}w=0$, $d(w^{\ast }\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}\circ j)=0$without involving symplectization. We call such a pair $(w,j)$ a contact instanton. In this paper, we first prove a canonical neighborhood theorem of the locus $Q$ foliated by closed Reeb orbits of a Morse–Bott contact form. Then using a general framework of the three-interval method, we establish exponential decay estimates for contact instantons $(w,j)$ of the triad $(M,\unicode[STIX]{x1D706},J)$, with $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}$ a Morse–Bott contact form and $J$ a CR-almost complex structure adapted to $Q$, under the condition that the asymptotic charge of $(w,j)$ at the associated puncture vanishes.We also apply the three-interval method to the symplectization case and provide an alternative approach via tensorial calculations to exponential decay estimates in the Morse–Bott case for the pseudoholomorphic curves on the symplectization of contact manifolds. This was previously established by Bourgeois (A Morse–Bott approach to contact homology, Ph.D. dissertation, Stanford University, 2002) (resp. by Bao (On J-holomorphic curves in almost complex manifolds with asymptotically cylindrical ends, Pacific J. Math. 278(2) (2015), 291–324)), by using special coordinates, for the cylindrical (resp. for the asymptotically cylindrical) ends. The exponential decay result for the Morse–Bott case is an essential ingredient in the setup of the moduli space of pseudoholomorphic curves which plays a central role in contact homology and symplectic field theory (SFT).
Physics moves to the provinces: the Siberian physics community and Soviet power, 1917–1940
Authors: JOSEPHSON PAUL , SOROKIN ALEKSANDR 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe rich tradition of Siberian science and higher education is little known outside Russian academic circles. Using institutional history, this article focuses on the founding and pre-war period of the Siberian Physical Technical Institute, the establishment of its research focus and its first difficult steps to become a leading centre of R & D in Siberia. Based on archival materials, the article describes how local and national physicists justified the institute's creation by demonstrating ties with industry and building on the presence of a cohort of locally trained physicists, whose numbers were augmented by Leningrad specialists. The strength of local cadres enabled the institute to navigate civil war and cultural revolution successfully. Physicists were able to take advantage of ongoing industrialization campaigns to gain support to create the institute, although local disputes and economic problems slowed its further development. The article describes the circulation of scientific, political and philosophical knowledge between Moscow, Leningrad and the provinces, and the impact of Bolshevik rule and Stalinism on the Siberian physics enterprise.
JUDICIAL UNCERTAINTIES CONCERNING TERRITORIAL SEA DELIMITATION UNDER ARTICLE 15 OF THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEA
Authors: Lando Massimo 
Published: May 2017

AbstractRecent international jurisprudence has shown considerable uncertainty with regard to the delimitation of the territorial sea. While international tribunals endorse a two-stage approach to territorial sea delimitation, there is a lack of judicial consensus on the practical implementation of such an approach. This article argues that the rule-exception relationship between equidistance and special circumstances, as reflected in the drafting history of LOSC Article 15 and in jurisprudence prior to 2007, should inform the delimitation of the territorial sea. Cases since 2007 which have strayed from the earlier jurisprudence on LOSC Article 15, should be seen as a misconstruction of the law applicable to territorial sea delimitation.
“Mind Forg’d Manacles” and Recent Pathways to “New” Labor Histories
Authors: Palmer Bryan D. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSince the 1990s, labor history has been presented as “in crisis”. This negative evaluation is an overstatement. It has nevertheless prodded historians, often productively, to rethink the basic orientations of working-class history. This survey article explores three recent pathways to a “new” labor history: the turn to transnational and global study; the “new” history of capitalism; and the study of slavery as unfree labor. These new approaches to labor history highlight an old dilemma: how the structured determinations of laboring life are balanced alongside dimensions of human agency in understanding the complex experience of the working-class past. It is argued that we need to consider both structureandagency in the researching and writing of labor history. If an older “new” labor history accented agency, new pathways to labor history too often seem constrained by “mind forg’d manacles” that limit understandings of workers’ past lives by emphasizing structure and determination.
Use of acellular dermal matrices in laryngotracheal and pharyngeal reconstruction: systematic review
Authors: Hui A , Hong P , Bezuhly M 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackground:Acellular dermal matrices are increasingly used in laryngotracheal and pharyngeal reconstruction, but specific indications and the type of acellular dermal matrix used vary. The authors systematically reviewed outcomes relating to acellular dermal matrix use in head and neck reconstruction.Methods:Electronic databases were searched through 1 May 2016 for literature on acellular dermal matrix use in laryngotracheal and pharyngeal reconstruction. Studies were appraised for surgical indications, outcomes and study design.Results:Eleven publications with 170 cases were included. Eight articles reported on acellular dermal matrix use in oncological reconstruction. Most studies were case series; no high-level evidence studies were identified. Graft extrusion was more common in non-oncological applications. In general, post-oncological reconstruction with an acellular dermal matrix demonstrated complication rates similar to those reported without an acellular dermal matrix.Conclusion:Evidence in support of acellular dermal matrix use in head and neck reconstruction is generally poor. Prospective comparative studies are required to define the indications, safety and effectiveness of acellular dermal matrices in laryngotracheal and pharyngeal reconstruction.
Diet selection by wintering Lesser White-fronted GooseAnser erythropusand the role of food availability
Authors: KARMIRIS ILIAS , KAZANTZIDIS SAVAS , PLATIS PANAGIOTIS , PAPACHRISTOU THOMAS G. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryThe Fennoscandian population of the Lesser White-fronted GooseAnser erythropus(LWfG) is on the verge of extinction and migrates from northern Fennoscandia to Greece on a regular seasonal basis. For the first time, diet selection was investigated during two years at Kerkini Lake, a wintering site in Greece. The relative use of LWfG’s feeding habitats was systematically recorded by visual observations of the LWfG flocks. Food availability was measured by the relative cover of available vegetation types while the diet composition was determined by the microhistological analysis of droppings. In addition, we determined crude protein, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and acid detergent lignin content of the most preferred plant species by LWfG and all vegetation categories that contributed to LWfG diet in the middle of the duration of their stay at Kerkini Lake and after their departure from the lake. LWfG feeding habitat was exclusively marshy grassland in water less than 5 cm deep up to 300–400 m away from the shore. LWfG selected a diverse number of plant species (33), however, grass made up the 58% of their diets. The most preferred plant species wereEchinochloa crus-galli,Cyperus esculentus,Scirpus lacustrisandRanunculus sceleratus. LWfG departed from Kerkini Lake in mid-December to the Evros Delta (Thrace, eastern Greece), when either food availability falls in very low levels or flooding occurred in their main feeding habitat. Consequently, as long as food and habitat resources are available for LWfG, it is very likely that the birds will winter mainly at Kerkini Lake and not at the Evros Delta, which will contribute to further minimisation of the theoretical risk of accidental shooting of LWfG at the latter wintering habitat. Thus, future conservation actions should primarily focus on the grassland improvement at Kerkini Lake enhancing the availability of food resources for LWfG (mainly grasses) and the protection of the feeding habitat from flooding.
Profiles of Executive Function Across Children with Distinct Brain Disorders: Traumatic Brain Injury, Stroke, and Brain Tumor
Authors: Araujo Gabriel C. , Antonini Tanya N. , Anderson Vicki , Vannatta Kathryn A. , Salley Christina G. , Bigler Erin D. , Taylor H. Gerry , Gerhardt Cynthia , Rubin Kenneth , Dennis Maureen , Lo Warren , Mackay Mark T. , Gordon Anne , Hajek Koterba Christine , Gomes Alison , Greenham Mardee , Owen Yeates Keith 
Published: May 2017

AbstractObjectives:This study examined whether children with distinct brain disorders show different profiles of strengths and weaknesses in executive functions, and differ from children without brain disorder.Methods:Participants were children with traumatic brain injury (N=82; 8–13 years of age), arterial ischemic stroke (N=36; 6–16 years of age), and brain tumor (N=74; 9–18 years of age), each with a corresponding matched comparison group consisting of children with orthopedic injury (N=61), asthma (N=15), and classmates without medical illness (N=68), respectively. Shifting, inhibition, and working memory were assessed, respectively, using three Test of Everyday Attention: Children’s Version (TEA-Ch) subtests: Creature Counting, Walk-Don’t-Walk, and Code Transmission. Comparison groups did not differ in TEA-Ch performance and were merged into a single control group. Profile analysis was used to examine group differences in TEA-Ch subtest scaled scores after controlling for maternal education and age.Results:As a whole, children with brain disorder performed more poorly than controls on measures of executive function. Relative to controls, the three brain injury groups showed significantly different profiles of executive functions. Importantly, post hoc tests revealed that performance on TEA-Ch subtests differed among the brain disorder groups.Conclusions:Results suggest that different childhood brain disorders result in distinct patterns of executive function deficits that differ from children without brain disorder. Implications for clinical practice and future research are discussed. (JINS, 2017,23, 529–538)
PENEPMA: A Monte Carlo Program for the Simulation of X-Ray Emission in Electron Probe Microanalysis
Authors: Llovet Xavier , Salvat Francesc 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe Monte Carlo program PENEPMA performs simulations of X-ray emission from samples bombarded with both electron and photon beams. It is based on the general-purpose Monte Carlo simulation package PENELOPE, an elaborate system for the simulation of coupled electron-photon transport in arbitrary materials, and on the geometry subroutine package PENGEOM, which tracks particles through complex material structures defined by quadric surfaces. After a brief description of the interaction models implemented in the simulation subroutines and of the structure and operation of PENEPMA, we provide an overview of the capabilities of the program along with several examples of its application to the modeling of electron probe microanalysis measurements.
Overcoming essentialisation: a comparative study of ‘living-together’ conceptions
Authors: Patrignani Emma 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis paper compares two judgments of constitutional courts (French and German) assessing the constitutionality of statutes concerning veil-wearing and focuses on the underlying conceptions of ‘living together’. This means that what is actually compared is the self-understanding of the respective majority in the two societies as stated in the decisions. This is done by disassembling the concept of ‘living together’ into three elements: the notion of the individual, the meaning of belonging to the national community and the space accorded to religion in public. Each section of this paper examines one of these elements as they are entailed in the judgments and positions them critically within the respective legal cultural and historical contexts. The main aim of this paper is methodological in nature and is namely to show how comparative legal cultural studies can avoid essentialisation and rather highlight the complexity of every cultural context.
Constitutional Mobilisation in China
Authors: Son Bui Ngoc 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis paper examines recent constitutional mobilisation in China, embodied in the weiquan (right defence) movement, Charter 08 and the 2013 constitutionalism debate. It contrasts Chinese and Vietnamese experience of constitutional mobilisation. This paper argues that constitutional mobilisation in China presents both convergence and divergence with those in Vietnam. The convergence stems from domestic dynamics, the impact of globalisation and the shared features of socialist/communist institutional settings. The divergence is due to Chinese constitutional exceptionalism and Vietnam's instrumentalist approach to global constitutionalism. Particularly, without necessary constitutional opportunity created by the constitution-making process, constitutional mobilisation in China has not created a national constitutional dialogue as has happened in Vietnam. This paper draws attention to the new function of socialist constitutions as a frame for social mobilisation and has general implications for the comparative inquiry into the social dynamics of constitutional law.
Diffusive and martensitic nucleation kinetics in solid-solid transitions of colloidal crystals
Authors: Peng Yi , Li Wei , Wang Feng , Still Tim , Yodh Arjun G. , Han Yilong 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSolid–solid transitions between crystals follow diffusive nucleation, or various diffusionless transitions, but these kinetics are difficult to predict and observe. Here we observed the rich kinetics of transitions from square lattices to triangular lattices in tunable colloidal thin films with single-particle dynamics by video microscopy. Applying a small pressure gradient in defect-free regions or near dislocations markedly transform the diffusive nucleation with an intermediate-stage liquid into a martensitic generation and oscillation of dislocation pairs followed by a diffusive nucleus growth. This transformation is neither purely diffusive nor purely martensitic as conventionally assumed but a combination thereof, and thus presents new challenges to both theory and the empirical criterion of martensitic transformations. We studied how pressure, density, grain boundary, triple junction and interface coherency affect the nucleus growth, shape and kinetic pathways. These novel microscopic kinetics cast new light on control solid–solid transitions and microstructural evolutions in polycrystals.