bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INTEGRATION OF THE RUSSIAN YOUTH INTO POLITICAL PROCESS: SEARCH OF CONDITIONS AND FACTORS OF EFFICIENCY
Authors: Малик  , Malik Elena 
Published: November 2015

In the article the problems of formation and realization of participation of new generation of the Russian youth in political life of the society are revealed. The author shows specifics of formation of the political position of young citizens. Differentiation of valuable representations of youth group joining to political process is given.
The author reasons the influence of the factors effecting political expression and self-determination of young citizens. On the one hand, the youth has the necessary potential of influence on the political sphere of state institutes, and on the other hand, it needs the support of social and political activity from state and public institutes. The importance of the conditions necessary for effective activization of participation opportunities of young citizens in the political process of the country is presented.
FORMATION OF THE MODEL ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF PREPARATION OF MASTERS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Строева  , Stroeva Olesya , Иващенко  , Ivashchenko Tatyana 
Published: November 2015

In the article the background of the quality assessment model of training Master students is examined. Based on the analysis of foreign experience academic models are structured formed as a result of several factors. The criteria of the formation of the institutional framework for transforming the system of higher education in general and Master training in particular.
On the basis of the study the problems of functioning of Master Institute in the Russian Federation are systematized. Indicators of compliance of competencies of Master passport with the competencies of Master program are presented.
O princípio da prevalência dos direitos humanos
Authors: Teixeira Flavia Veras 
Published: November 2015

<p class="Default"> A reflexão realizada nesse artigo abordará a evolução dos direitos humanos. O nascimento da Declaração Universal de Direitos Humanos e seus ideais advindos da Revolução Francesa, sob o lema da igualdade, liberdade e fraternidade, a evolução da soberania dos Estados em prol dos direitos humanos. O Brasil e os princípios da dignidade da pessoa humana e a prevalência dos direitos humanos previstos na Constituição de 1988. Bem como os critérios utilizados para incorporação dos tratados e convenções de direitos humanos no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro antes e após a Emenda Constitucional nº 45 de 30 de dezembro de 2004.</p>
O município e o enigma da competência comum constitucional
Authors: Carvalho Filho José Dos Santos 
Published: November 2015

<p>O presente estudo propõe-se a examinar alguns aspectos controvertidos a respeito do papel do Município numa das categorias previstas em nosso sistema de distribuição constitucional de poder – a competência comum do art. 23 da<br />vigente Constituição. O Município, expressamente contemplado na competência comum, não é mero coadjuvante das demais pessoas federativas concorrentes, mas, ao contrário, reclama seja resguardada a sua autonomia e as decorrentes competências que o sistema lhe atribuiu.</p>
Equidade nas decisões judiciais: hipótese de cumprimento pelo estado de sua função social
Authors: Silva Carlos Roberto da 
Published: November 2015

<p class="Default">O presente artigo científico tem como objeto o estudo da Equidade como princípio que prevê a adaptação da lei ao caso concreto, através da análise dos caracteres pertinentes, dentro do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, com espe­cial atenção dada aos Juizados Especiais. Faz-se também um estudo sobre o surgimento do Estado, acesso à justiça e Equidade, com uma breve linha do tempo da Grécia Antiga até os dias contem­porâneos, apresentando conceitos filosóficos e doutrinários. Contextualiza o microssistema dos Juizados Especiais como ferramenta de ampliação do acesso à justiça e base fomentadora da Equi­dade. Ainda, explicita-se o conteúdo legal que prevê o acesso à justiça e a aplicação da Equidade nas decisões judiciais, bem como a pertinência e relevância desses conceitos ao senso de justiça. A pesquisa demonstra que a efetiva aplicação da Equidade se revela indispensável instrumento de aproximação do justo nas decisões judiciais e de cumprimento pelo Estado de sua função social. </p>
Da personalidade jurídica e sua desconsideração e previsões do novo CPC
Authors: Lovato Luiz Gustavo 
Published: November 2015

<p> A personalidade jurídica de direito privado é um instituto de direito que visa garantir a regularidade dos atos de comércio relacionados à atividade empresarial. Através dela as obrigações são assumidas em nome de alguém, de uma enti­dade e, com isso, a responsabilidade recai sobre o seu patrimônio. Porém, existem casos em que os sócios abusam da personalidade jurídica, causando danos a terceiros, especialmente credores. Essa modalidade de abuso de direito, além da previsão genérica do art. 187 do Código Civil, é regulada por artigo específico, que a reconhece nos casos de desvio da atividade fim ou confusão patrimonial entre os bens da sociedade empresarial e os de seus sócios. O grande problema para a operaciona­lização do instituto da desconsideração da perso­nalidade jurídica sempre foi a falta de previsão expressa na norma processual, o que dava certa liberdade ao magistrado, que conduzia o incidente com base exclusiva nos princípios gerais de direito. O Novo Código de Processo Civil traz uma previsão modesta sobre tal incidente, limitando a instrução ao magistrado em determinar a citação de todos os envolvidos. Surgiu então, uma questão: o inci­dente de desconsideração da personalidade jurí­dica se assemelhará ao da fraude contra credores ou ao da intervenção de terceiros? A importância dessa discussão se justifica, pois a presença ou não de interesse público no procedimento poderá limitar ou liberar a atuação do magistrado na busca pela satisfação do crédito do autor e da efetividade da tutela jurisdicional.</p>
Effects of the kinds of sports and some variables on the communication skills level of students in physical education and sports<p>Spor türü ve diğer bazı değişkenlerin beden eğitimi ve spor yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin iletişim beceri düzeylerine etkisi
Authors: Yanık Mehmet 
Published: November 2015

<p>This research was conducted to determine the impact of the type of sports done by School of Physical Education and Sports students and other variables on their level of communication skills. Target population of the study is Balıkesir University, School of Physical Education and Sports; and the sample group consists of 330 students selected by random sampling method from 2014-2015 academic year in this institution. The data was collected using “Communication Skills Assessment Scale” which was developed by Korkut (1996) and tested in terms of validation (0.86) and reliability (0.78), and “Personal Information Form” prepared by the researcher was used in order to determine the demographic features of students. Collected data was examined in terms of statistically different variables (gender, class level, academic department, branch of sports, perceived academic success level); results were discussed and suggestions were offered.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Özet</strong></p><p>Bu araştırma, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin yaptıkları spor türü ve diğer bazı değişkenlerin iletişim beceri düzeylerine etkisinin ne olduğunu belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini; Balıkesir Üniversitesi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu öğrencileri, Örneklem grubunu ise bu kurumda 2014-2015 eğitim-öğretim yılında öğrenim gören ve tesadüfi örneklem metodu ile seçilen toplam 330 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında Korkut (1996) tarafından geliştirilmiş, geçerlilik (0.86) ve güvenilirlik (0.78) testleri yapılmış “İletişim Becerilerini Değerlendirme Ölçeği” ve öğrencilerin demografik özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler istatistiksel olarak farklı değişkenler (cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi, okuduğu bölüm, spor branşı türü, algılanan akademik başarı düzeyi) açısından incelenmiş ve sonuçlar tartışılarak öneriler sunulmuştur.</p>
Pseudohyperthyroxinemia in a hypothyroid patient secondary to chronic phlegmon
Authors: Parmar Malvinder S. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Background: Elevated free thyroxine could be primary or secondary, endogenous or exogenous and often presents with symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Thyroxine levels are low in hypothyroidism, where the individual requires exogenous supplementation to maintain a euthyroid state. However, thyroxine levels may be elevated in a hypothyroid patient because of over-supplementation/over-suppression with exogenous agent(s) or secondary to other pathologies and rarely, laboratory error or assay interference may cause alteration in the levels of the thyroid hormones.

Case report: A 44-year-old man with well controlled hypothyroidism was referred for assessment of markedly elevated TSH and free thyroxine levels with low free T3. Clinically the patient was hypothyroid with symptoms of fatigue and weight gain of 30 pounds over the past 3-months and the TSH levels were consistent with marked hypothyroidism. However, free thyrxoine was markedly elevated, opposite of what to be expected. A systematic evaluation, presented here, was helpful in the diagnosis of pseudohyperthyroxinemia secondary to assay interferences in a timely fashion, avoiding unnecessary further investigations.

Conclusions: Interference in immunoassays is an important clinical problem that is underestimated and can have important clinical consequences. It is important to recognize the possibility of such interferences early in the diagnostic process and to implement protocols to identify these whenever possible, in a timely fashion, to prevent untoward consequences. Vigilance by both the clinician and the laboratory staff is important.
Prospective risk analysis adjusted to the reality of clinical and fertility laboratory processes
Authors: Janssens Pim M.W. , Scholten Anja , Waard Harm De , Tiemens Natascha , Van Uum Monique , Schrijver Everlien , Roozenburg Brigitte , Verhaagen Ron , Harmsen Sander , Rabeling Jolanda , Katz Eva , Lentink Belinda , Keijzer Henry , Van Welt Ellen 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Background: Prospective risk analysis (PRA) is a valuable instrument in quality assurance. The practical application of PRA in clinical laboratories according to the method we have described elsewhere leaves room for a number of adaptations to make it more applicable to and consistent with actual laboratory processes.

Methods: We distinguished between more and less critical tests and products in the laboratory processes and scored the consequences of failures at different steps in line with the previously described failure type and effect analysis (FMEA) method. PRA was carried out for two typical laboratory processes: standard clinical laboratory testing and the cryopreservation of semen.

Results: Tests in standard clinical laboratory in processes were labeled critical, semi-critical or non-critical. Consequence scoring (C) and assessed risk (R) were significantly higher for processes containing tests considered to be critical (C=6.6±1.5, R=19.3±13.5) as compared to processes containing tests considered semi- or non-critical (C=3.0±1.4, R=8.2±5.3 and C=3.2±1.8, R=8.6±5.9, respectively). There were no differences in the C and R scores for processes with tests considered semi- or non-critical. In the semen cryopreservation process, a distinction between the processes involving private semen and generally accessible semen was made. The C scores for these were significantly different (C=5.9±2.2 and 5.0±2.0, respectively), the R scores did not differ.

Conclusions: Introduction of a test criticality classification for the purpose of consequence scoring led to an improved PRA methodology, better reflecting the reality of clinical laboratory practice. We found that two levels of criticality, critical and less critical, were sufficient to achieve this improvement.
Framing the difference between sources and goals in Change of Possession events
Authors: Georgakopoulos Thanasis , Sioupi Athina 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis paper investigates the hypothesis of the preference of Goals over Sources in the representation of Change of Possession events. Applying a corpus- based methodology, we analyse two verbs belonging to this event type, namely BUY and SELL, in German and Modern Greek, two languages that differ with respect to the patterns they use to encode motion events (i.e. a Satelliteand a Verb-framed language respectively). We find that both languages conform to the general tendency reported across languages to give prominence to the Goal: SELL is more likely to occur with the optional Goal Prepositional Phrase than BUY is with the optional Source Prepositional Phrase. Additionally, we address the question as to whether languages showing different patterns regarding the encoding of the Path differ with respect to the predominance of the Goal over the Source in events that express non-prototypical dislocation. Our findings indicate that the typological difference of the two languages has an indirect effect on the representation of Path elements for these particular verbs: German expresses the optional Prepositional Phrase (the TO- and the FROM-Phrase) more often than Greek, the critical factor for the observed difference being the Goal optional element in German (the TO-Phrase). Therefore, we conclude that the degree of robustness of the Goal bias is higher in German than it is in Greek.
How bizarre!
Authors: Trotzke Andreas 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis paper demonstrates that syntax-external factors at the level of pragmatics are responsible for certain constraints on word order variation in phrasal idioms. I propose a new constraint in this context by referring to the fact that idioms can be distinguished by the criterion of having either a plausible or a ‘bizarre’ literal reading. Since this constraint on topicalization of subparts of idiomatic strings cannot be accounted for in syntactic terms, this paper contributes to an understanding of how to approach marked word order options from a pragmatic perspective in general.
Let’s go look at usage
Authors: Flach Susanne 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe English go-VERB construction as in I go get the paper every morning is said to be subject to the BARE STEM CONDITION, which states that neither verb can bear inflection (thus resulting in the ungrammaticality of *she went see/saw a doctor). Studies that address the constraint attribute it to underlying formal parameters, without paying attention to functional properties and/or usage events. The fact that we find occasional violations of the constraint in large amounts of data raises the question of the systematicity of this data and how to account for it. Arguing from a usage-based perspective, this paper assumes that the entrenched schema of go-VERB is hortatory (e.g., commands, advice, invitations), which make inflectional variants increasingly unlikely for semanticfunctional reasons. But where exceptions do occur, they are assumed to occur in contexts predicted by the construction’s semantics. These assumptions are borne out by data from a large corpus of web data. Potential counterexamples are tested for systematicity vs. random noise in (web) data using collostructional analysis and simple correlation measurements. The central arguments are thus (i) that the BARE STEM CONDITION is better conceived of as the result of go- VERB’s constructional semantics, and (ii) that rare exceptions can be framed in terms of likelihood of occurrence and distance from the licensing schema.
Decision Support System, Based on the Paradigm of the Petri Nets, for the Design and Operation of a Dairy Plant
Authors: Latorre-Biel J. I. , Jiménez-Macías E. , Blanco-Fernández J. , Martínez-Cámara E. , Sáenz-Díez J. C. , Pérez-Parte M. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Despite its worldwide presence, the characteristics of dairy industry may vary largely from one country to another and also between the different regions of a country. Farmers can form co-operatives or operate individually, while processors may transform very different amounts of milk into a diversity of dairy products. Moreover, the variety of dairy products that can be found in the market, the short-term expiry date of some of them, as well as the strong competition for a saturated market, lead to a complex environment, where the design and operation of the dairy factories require decision support tools for helping the decision makers. In this paper, it is considered the development of a decision support system for improving the survival chances of dairy plants in a competitive worldwide market. This tool is based in the implementation of an optimization process, where the performance evaluation of the feasible decisions is performed by means of simulation. The objective of the decision making covers the complete life cycle of the dairy plant from its design to its operation.
1.3 How hard is it to create values?
Authors: Dries Manuel 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis article examines what Nietzsche might mean by the proposition that “values are created”. It further raises the issue whether there is a “hard problem of value” analogous to the “hard problem” in the philosophy of mind. Nietzsche could be seen as a philosopher who tried to shift people’s views about values away from any realist-objectivist intuitions. He was optimistic that these views could be eliminated, and that eventually most or all would come to conceive of values as perspectival and created. It is shown first that Nietzsche rejects value realism in favour of a compelling anti realist conception of value, which he takes to be superior due to one specific property of values, their “aliveness”. If there is a “hard problem of value”, however, i.e. that for the realist any created value simply does not count as a value, it is unclear if Nietzsche’s conception is constructive.
1.6 Nietzsche’s Highest Value (Affirmation of Life) and its Limits
Authors: Porter James I. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe highest value in Nietzsche’s scale of values is without exception life itself. This value asserts itself whenever a subject makes an affirmation (a “Bejahung”), which is the most fundamental expression of willing and of life. To will - to create and affirm value - is simply to affirm life. The most immediate source of this logic is to be found in Schopenhauer, but its conceptual roots go back to the rationalist philosophy of Leibniz and Wolff and then later to Kant, in the form of the determinative predicates and judgments of objects qua real. In this ontology, reality cannot be negated, just as in Nietzsche’s ontology even the negations of the will have an affirmative value that can be neither eliminated nor denied. The consequences of this position create dilemmas for Nietzsche’s subsidiary value-systems: for if no act of will can be seen as a diminution of life, what does it mean to condemn any given volition - any positing of value - by any subject whatsoever? The dilemmas prove to be the source of Nietzsche’s richest and most telling reflections on human agency.
2.4 Nietzsche über Werte. Zum kulturphilosophischen Aspekt der Rezeption
Authors: Reschke Renate 
Published: November 2015

ZusammenfassungDie Haupttendenz der Beiträge, Nietzsches Auffassung über die Werte (Entstehung, Inhalte, Wandel) im Kontext von Kulturgeschichte und moderner Kultur zu diskutieren, ist sehr produktiv. Die philosophischen Begriff e müssen aber historisch und inhaltlich konkreter bestimmt werden, um die Differenz zwischen Nietzsche und seinen modernen Interpretationen in den aktuellen Diskursen deutlicher zu machen.
2.6 Why Nietzsche Opposes the Creation of Values
Authors: Porter James 
Published: November 2015

AbstractValues are not ex nihilo creations for Nietzsche; they are signs of a human, all-too-human perspectival limitation. The inability to live without values is not a value that is made; it is a condition under which life is lived. The very idea that values exist is imposed by our natural constitution and habits, not something we have any agency to control.
2.9 Defending the Creation of Values
Authors: Clark Maudemarie 
Published: November 2015

AbstractNietzsche claims that the philosopher’s task is to create values. Authors 1 [Henning Ottmann] and 2 [Martin Saar] interpret this in the most literal sense: philosophers are to confer value on things. 1.1 criticizes Nietzsche on that basis; 1.2 suggests that we ignore his pose as creator or prophet of new values and focus on more reasonable points he makes about values. No one defends value creation (VC) in the exact sense in which 1.1 interprets it, but other authors take the obvious objections to it as reasons to seek a different account of what Nietzsche means by it. I do this explicitly in 1.9, and others do so implicitly in their contributions. Here I focus on the criticisms of Nietzsche offered by 1.1 and how they might be countered by 1.3 [Manuel Dries]’s interpretation of what Nietzsche means by VC. I explain why 1.3’s interpretation is not sufficient, but how it might be supplemented by 1.9. I also use my account to answer 1.6 [James Porter]’s challenge concerning the limits of the affirmation of life.
3.2 Angriff als Verteidigung. Nietzsches Revolutionen
Authors: Saar Martin 
Published: November 2015

ZusammenfassungNietzsches Haltung zu den Werten ist kritisch, d. h. weder rein destruktiv noch rein affirmativ, sondern ,dekonstruktiv‘. Eine solche Haltung ist nicht widersprüchlich, aber unbequem, und sie hat existenzielle Folgen für das Subjekt, das sie - mit Nietzsches Hilfe - einnimmt und sich damit gegen die bisher geltenden Werte und Normen stellt und in diesem Sinne andere, ,neue‘ Werte braucht oder sogar schon lebt.
„Du solltest das Perspektivische in jeder Werthschätzung begreifen lernen“. Zum Problem des Perspektivischen in der Vorrede zu Menschliches, Allzumenschliches I
Authors: Dellinger Jakob 
Published: November 2015

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel demonstriert, dass es philologisch problematisch ist, die berühmte Passage über ‚das Perspektivische‘ aus MA I, Vorrede 6, isoliert zu zitieren, wie als ob es sich um eine direkte Anweisung an den Leser handelte. Vielmehr sollten der Kontext der gesamten Vorrede sowie insbesondere deren narrative Struktur, Erzählverhalten und Figurengestaltung berücksichtigt werden. Die vorgeschlagene Lektüre zeigt dabei, dass die Aussagen über das Perspektivische im Rahmen eines Komplexes ineinander verschränkter Perspektivierungen ihrerseits perspektiviert werden. Diese selbstbezügliche Struktur ermöglicht nicht nur eine Interpretation der Passage als poeseologische Reflexion, sondern lässt die gesamte Vorrede als eine ‚Schule des Verdachts‘ erscheinen, die das Problem des Perspektivischen performativ vorführt.