bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fostering trusting relationships with older immigrants hospitalised for end-of-life care
Authors: Johnstone Megan-Jane , Rawson Helen , Hutchinson Alison Margaret , Redley Bernice 
Published: September 2016

Background: Trust has been identified as a vital value in the nurse–patient relationship. Although increasingly the subject of empirical inquiries, the specific processes used by nurses to foster trust in nurse–patient relationships with older immigrants of non-English speaking backgrounds hospitalised for end-of-life care have not been investigated. Aims: To explore and describe the specific processes that nurses use to foster trust and overcome possible cultural mistrust when caring for older immigrants of non-English speaking backgrounds hospitalised for end-of-life care. Research design: A qualitative descriptive approach was used. Twenty-two registered nurses were recruited from four metropolitan health services in Melbourne, Australia. Ethical considerations: Research approval was granted by the Human Research Ethics Committees of the host institution and four participating health services. Findings: Thematic analysis revealed that fostering trust encompassed the following three commensurate stages: establishing trust, strengthening trust and sustaining trust. Underpinning the successful achievement of these stages was the nurses’ moral commitment (reflected in their intentional, conscious and conscientious approach) to fostering trust as an essential ingredient of quality end-of-life care. Discussion: This study has shown that while professional competencies are important to providing quality end-of-life care to older immigrant patients of non-English speaking backgrounds, it is a nurse’s moral commitment to fostering trust that may ultimately lay the foundations for a trusting quality care relationship to be established and sustained. Conclusion: This study has captured the processes used by nurses to foster trust as an essential element of quality end-of-life care in older immigrants. The characteristics of trust and the different factors influencing its expression in diverse cultural contexts are, however, under-researched. Accordingly, gaps remain in the knowledge and understanding of the specific cultural nuances and manifestations of trust across and within different cultures. This is an area that is germane to further cross-cultural and international collaborative scholarly inquiry and research.
Expert consensus on facilitators and barriers to return-to-work following surgery for non-traumatic upper extremity conditions: a Delphi study
Authors: Peters S. E. , Johnston V. , Ross M. , Coppieters M. W. 
Published: September 2016

This Delphi study aimed to reach consensus on important facilitators and barriers for return-to-work following surgery for non-traumatic upper extremity conditions. In Round 1, experts ( n = 42) listed 134 factors, which were appraised in Rounds 2 and 3. Consensus (⩾85% agreement) was achieved for 13 facilitators (high motivation to return-to-work; high self-efficacy for return-to-work and recovery; availability of modified/alternative duties; flexible return-to-work arrangements; positive coping skills; limited heavy work exertion; supportive return-to-work policies; supportive supervisor/management; no catastrophic thinking; no fear avoidance to return-to-work; no fear avoidance to pain/activity; return to meaningful work duties; high job satisfaction) and six barriers (mood disorder diagnosis; pain/symptoms at more than one musculoskeletal site; heavy upper extremity exertions at work; lack of flexible return-to-work arrangements; lack of support from supervisor/management; high level of pain catastrophizing). Future prognostic studies are required to validate these biopsychosocial factors to further improve return-to-work outcomes. Level of evidence: V
Leiomyoma of the Foot and Ankle: A Case Series
Authors: Szolomayer Lauren K. , Talusan Paul G. , Chan Wayne F. , Lindskog Dieter M. 
Published: September 2016

Leiomyoma is a benign soft-tissue tumor that can arise in any soft tissue; however, in the extremities, it is usually a subcutaneous mass. Masses in the foot and ankle in general are rare, and few reports in the literature describe leiomyoma in this region of the body. We present a series of 8 cases of leiomyoma of the foot and ankle, 4 of which are subclassified as angioleiomyomas. The characteristic patient presentation, imaging, and histological findings are presented here to increase awareness of this soft-tissue mass in the foot and ankle. Levels of Evidence: Level V
Therapeutic drug monitoring of mexiletine at a large academic medical center
Authors: Nei Scott D , Danelich Ilya M , Lose Jennifer M , Leung Lydia Yuk Ting , Asirvatham Samuel J , McLeod Christopher J 
Published: September 2016

Introduction: The therapeutic trough range for mexiletine (0.8–2 mcg/mL) was largely established in the setting of arrhythmia prophylaxis following myocardial infarction. Objective: Describe the usage patterns of serum mexiletine concentrations and the impact of these concentrations on mexiletine dosing in modern practice for ventricular arrhythmia treatment. Methods: A single-center, retrospective analysis was conducted using the electronic medical record to identify serum mexiletine concentrations drawn between December 2004 and December 2014. The primary endpoint was the incidence of mexiletine concentrations drawn as troughs. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of mexiletine concentrations that prompted a dose change, association between adverse events and elevated concentrations, and association between baseline characteristics and mexiletine concentrations. Results: A total of 237 individual concentrations were included for analysis with 109 (46.0%) drawn appropriately as trough concentrations. Only 31 (13.1%) of the 237 concentrations drawn prompted a dose change. Mexiletine was primarily used for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias (96.2%), and 108 (45.6%) concentrations were drawn in an effort to assess efficacy. The median concentration was statistically different between patients with and without an adverse event (0.8 vs 0.7 mcg/mL, respectively; p = 0.017), but may not represent a clinical significance. Patients with hepatic dysfunction had higher median concentrations compared to those without hepatic dysfunction (1.30 vs 1.07 mcg/mL; p = 0.01). Conclusion: Mexiletine concentrations are often drawn at inappropriate times and seldom influence a dose change. This study suggests that routine monitoring of mexiletine concentrations may not be necessary; however, therapeutic drug monitoring may be considered in patients with hepatic dysfunction or to confirm mexiletine absorption in patients where this represents a concern.
A case study of stakeholder perceptions of patient held records: the Patients Know Best (PKB) solution
Authors: Bidmead Elaine , Marshall Alison 
Published: September 2016

Introduction Patients Know Best (PKB) provides a patient portal with integrated, patient-controlled digital care records. Patient-controlled personal health records facilitate coordinated management of chronic disease through improved communications among, and about, patients across professional and organisational boundaries. An NHS foundation trust hospital has used PKB to support self-management in patients with inflammatory bowel disease; this paper presents a case study of usage. Methods The stakeholder empowered adoption model provided a framework for consulting variously placed stakeholders. Qualitative interviews with clinical stakeholders and a patient survey. Results Clinicians reported PKB to have enabled a new way of managing stable patients, this facilitated clinical and cost effective use of specialist nurses; improved two-way communications, and more optimal use of outpatient appointments and consultant time. The portal also facilitated a single, rationalised pathway for stable patients, enabling access to information and pro-active support. For patients, the system was a source of support when unwell and facilitated improved communication with specialists. Three main barriers to adoption were identified; these related to concerns over security, risk averse attitudes of users and problems with data integration. Conclusions Patient-controlled personal health records offer significant potential in supporting self-management. Digital connection to healthcare can help patients to understand their condition better and access appropriate, timely clinical advice.
solveME: fast and reliable solution of nonlinear ME models
Authors: Yang Laurence , Ma Ding , Ebrahim Ali , Lloyd Colton J. , Saunders Michael A. , Palsson Bernhard O. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Background
Genome-scale models of metabolism and macromolecular expression (ME) significantly expand the scope and predictive capabilities of constraint-based modeling. ME models present considerable computational challenges: they are much (>30 times) larger than corresponding metabolic reconstructions (M models), are multiscale, and growth maximization is a nonlinear programming (NLP) problem, mainly due to macromolecule dilution constraints.

Results
Here, we address these computational challenges. We develop a fast and numerically reliable solution method for growth maximization in ME models using a quad-precision NLP solver (Quad MINOS). Our method was up to 45 % faster than binary search for six significant digits in growth rate. We also develop a fast, quad-precision flux variability analysis that is accelerated (up to 60× speedup) via solver warm-starts. Finally, we employ the tools developed to investigate growth-coupled succinate overproduction, accounting for proteome constraints.

Conclusions
Just as genome-scale metabolic reconstructions have become an invaluable tool for computational and systems biologists, we anticipate that these fast and numerically reliable ME solution methods will accelerate the wide-spread adoption of ME models for researchers in these fields.
Alantolactone selectively ablates acute myeloid leukemia stem and progenitor cells
Authors: Ding Yahui , Gao Huier , Zhang Yu , Li Ye , Vasdev Neil , Gao Yingdai , Chen Yue , Zhang Quan 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Background
The poor outcomes for patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are largely attributed to leukemia stem cells (LSCs) which are difficult to eliminate with conventional therapy and responsible for relapse. Thus, new therapeutic strategies which could selectively target LSCs in clinical leukemia treatment and avoid drug resistance are urgently needed. However, only a few small molecules have been reported to show anti-LSCs activity.

Methods
The aim of the present study was to identify alantolactone as novel agent that can ablate acute myeloid leukemia stem and progenitor cells from AML patient specimens and evaluate the anticancer activity of alantolactone in vitro and in vivo.

Results
The present study is the first to demonstrate that alantolactone, a prominent eudesmane-type sesquiterpene lactone, could specifically ablate LSCs from AML patient specimens. Furthermore, in comparison to the conventional chemotherapy drug, cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C), alantolactone showed superior effects of leukemia cytotoxicity while sparing normal hematopoietic cells. Alantolactone induced apoptosis with a dose-dependent manner by suppression of NF-kB and its downstream target proteins. DMA-alantolactone, a water-soluble prodrug of alantolactone, could suppress tumor growth in vivo.

Conclusions
Based on these results, we propose that alantolactone may represent a novel LSCs-targeted therapy and eudesmane-type sesquiterpene lactones offer a new scaffold for drug discovery towards anti-LSCs agents.
Repair of human periodontal bone defects by autologous grafting stem cells derived from inflammatory dental pulp tissues
Authors: Li Ye , Zhao Shanmei , Nan Xi , Wei Hong , Shi Jianfeng , Li Ang , Gou Jianzhong 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Background
Recently, stem cells derived from inflammatory dental pulp tissues (DPSCs-IPs) have demonstrated regenerative potential, but the real effect remains to be examined. This pilot study attempted to isolate DPSCs-IPs from two patients and to evaluate the feasibility and the effect of reconstructing periodontal intrabone defects in each patient.

Methods
DPSCs-IPs were harvested from two patients with periodontal intrabone defects with their approval. After discussing the biological characteristics of DPSCs-IPs in each patient, DPSCs-IPs were loaded onto the scaffold material β-tricalcium phosphate and engrafted into the periodontal defect area in the root furcation. After 1, 3, and 9 months, the outcome was evaluated by clinical assessment and radiological study. Furthermore, new samples were collected and the biological characteristics of DPSCs-IPs were further studied compared with normal dental pulp stem cells. The primary cell culture success rate, cell viability, cell cycle analysis, and proliferation index were used to describe the growth state of DPSCs-IPs. In-vitro differentiation ability detection was used to further discuss the stem cell characteristics of DPSCs-IPs.

Results
As expected, DPSCs-IPs were able to engraft and had an effect of regeneration of new bones to repair periodontal defects 9 months after surgical reconstruction. Although the success rate of primary cell culture and growth status was slightly inhibited, DPSCs-IPs expressed comparable levels of stem cell markers as well as retaining their multidifferentiation ability.

Conclusions
We developed a standard procedure that is potentially safe and technological for clinical periodontal treatment using human autologous DPSCs-IPs.

Trial registration
According to the editorial policies, the present study is a purely observational study, so trial registration is not required.
Spectroscopic analysis used to uncover the original paint colour of the Helsinki Government Palace tower clock faces
Authors: Castro Kepa , Knuutinen Ulla , de Vallejuelo Silvia Fdez-Ortiz , Maguregui Maite , Madariaga Juan Manuel , Laakso Raili 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The paint stratigraphy of the two clock faces from the tower clock of the Government Palace in Helsinki (Finland) was analysed in order to determine their original colour before restoration works. Paint cross-section samples from both clock faces were analysed by confocal Raman microscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled to an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM–EDS). The results revealed the complex superimposition of paint layers applied over the original black colour. FTIR/ATR analyses proved that the original paint was prepared with linseed oil-resin media. Most likely not all of the different layer colours were visible. Some of the layers were likely to have been a primer or for rust protection.
The use of carbon dioxide angiography for renal sympathetic denervation: a technical report
Authors: Renton Mary , Hameed Mohammad A , Dasgupta Indranil , Hoey Edward T D , Freedman Jonathan , Ganeshan Arul 
Published: September 2016

Objective:
Hypertension is the leading attributable cause of cardiovascular mortality worldwide. Patients with hypertension have multiple comorbidities including high rates of concomitant renal disease. Current pharmacological approaches are inadequate in the treatment of resistant hypertension. Renal sympathetic denervation (RDN) has been shown to effectively treat resistant hypertension. The traditional use of iodinated contrast in RDN is contraindicated in patients with significant renal insufficiency. In patients with renal impairment, carbon dioxide (CO2) can be used as an alternative contrast material for RDN. This article describes the technical aspects of RDN using CO2 angiography.

Methods:
Our centre is experienced in the innovative RDN procedure using CO2 angiography. We describe the protocol for CO2 angiography for RDN using a home-made CO2 delivery system and the Symplicity™ (Minneapolis MN 55432 USA) catheter (Medtronic) device.

Results:
CO2 angiography is an excellent alternative to iodinated contrast for RDN procedures.

Conclusion:
CO2 angiography for RDN is a safe and effective alternative to iodinated contrast. RDN using CO2 angiography is an easy and feasible procedure that can be used in patients with renal insufficiency or iodinated contrast allergies.

Advances in knowledge:
There is a paucity of descriptive reports for CO2 angiography for RDN and we provide details of the optimal protocol for the procedure. In particular, we describe the use of a Symplicity Spyral™ catheter (Medtronic), which has not been reported to date for use in this procedure.
Tension pneumoperitoneum: a very rare complication of acute gangrenous appendicitis
Authors: Das P , Mukherjee R , Pathak D , Gangopadhyay A , Halder S , Singh SK 
Published: September 2016

Tension pneumoperitoneum is a very rare consequence of acute gangrenous appendicitis. We report a case of a 32-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain, progressively increasing abdominal distension, profound hemodynamic instability and ventilatory compromise. The diagnosis of tension pneumoperitoneum was confirmed by computed tomography, which showed compression of the intra-abdominal viscera and liver (saddlebag sign) by a large volume of intraperitoneal free air. Urgent needle decompression was done as an emergency measure. Exploratory laparotomy, planned due to persistent peritonitis, revealed gangrenous appendicitis with perforation near its base. Appendicectomy with excision of gangrenous portion of caecum was performed. The purpose of the reporting this case is to highlight that the tension pneumoperitoneum can be, very rarely, associated with gangrenous appendicitis and timely diagnosis is very important for the emergency management of this deadly condition.
short subject: Creativity, protest, training: Three modes of independent film-making in Denmark
Authors: Hansen Kim Toft 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
This short subject explores Danish independent film production from around the turn of the millennium until today, highlighting three, non-exclusive modes of independent film-making: protest, creativity and training. Digital innovation within modes of production and distribution has laid the ground for this development, which only to a limited degree has attracted the attention of the general public.
short subject: An alternative digital film culture: The new independent Norwegian film production
Authors: Iversen Gunnar 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
In Norway, a number of independent feature films have been produced in the last fifteen years that received no government support and are distributed digitally. I argue that new digital tools have made it possible to create a new Norwegian film culture, outside or on the margins of ordinary film culture. These new, mostly B-films challenge the concept of art cinema, ‘quality’ film production and Norwegian cultural values, and have become a vibrant complement to mainstream film culture.
Energy and area minimizers in metric spaces
Authors: Lytchak Alexander , Wenger Stefan 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
We show that in the setting of proper metric spaces one obtains a
solution of the classical 2-dimensional Plateau problem by minimizing
the energy, as in the classical case, once a definition of area has been chosen appropriately.
We prove the quasi-convexity of this new definition of area. Under the assumption of a quadratic isoperimetric inequality we establish regularity results for energy minimizers
and improve Hölder exponents of some area-minimizing discs.
Performance of point-of-care HbA1ctest devices: implications for use in clinical practice – a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hirst Jennifer A. , McLellan Julie H. , Price Christopher P. , English Emma , Feakins Benjamin G. , Stevens Richard J. , Farmer Andrew J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackground:Point-of-care (POC) devices could be used to measure hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) in the doctors’ office, allowing immediate feedback of results to patients. Reports have raised concerns about the analytical performance of some of these devices. We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis using a novel approach to compare the accuracy and precision of POC HbA1cdevices.Methods:Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched in June 2015 for published reports comparing POC HbA1cdevices with laboratory methods. Two reviewers screened articles and extracted data on bias, precision and diagnostic accuracy. Mean bias and variability between the POC and laboratory test were combined in a meta-analysis. Study quality was assessed using the QUADAS2 tool.Results:Two researchers independently reviewed 1739 records for eligibility. Sixty-one studies were included in the meta-analysis of mean bias. Devices evaluated were A1cgear, A1cNow, Afinion, B-analyst, Clover, Cobas b101, DCA 2000/Vantage, HemoCue, Innovastar, Nycocard, Quo-Lab, Quo-Test and SDA1cCare. Nine devices had a negative mean bias which was significant for three devices. There was substantial variability in bias within devices. There was no difference in bias between clinical or laboratory operators in two devices.Conclusions:This is the first meta-analysis to directly compare performance of POC HbA1cdevices. Use of a device with a mean negative bias compared to a laboratory method may lead to higher levels of glycemia and a lower risk of hypoglycaemia. The implications of this on clinical decision-making and patient outcomes now need to be tested in a randomized trial.
Material Distribution Optimization for the Shell Aircraft Composite Structure
Authors: Shevtsov S. , Zhilyaev I. , Oganesyan P. , Axenov V. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractOne of the main goal in aircraft structures designing isweight decreasing and stiffness increasing. Composite structures recently became popular in aircraft because of their mechanical properties and wide range of optimization possibilities.Weight distribution and lay-up are keys to creating lightweight stiff strictures. In this paperwe discuss optimization of specific structure that undergoes the non-uniform air pressure at the different flight conditions and reduce a level of noise caused by the airflowinduced vibrations at the constrained weight of the part. Initial model was created with CAD tool Siemens NX, finite element analysis and post processing were performed with COMSOL Multiphysicsr and MATLABr. Numerical solutions of the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations supplemented by k-w turbulence model provide the spatial distributions of air pressure applied to the shell surface. At the formulation of optimization problem the global strain energy calculated within the optimized shell was assumed as the objective. Wall thickness has been changed using parametric approach by an initiation of auxiliary sphere with varied radius and coordinates of the center, which were the design variables. To avoid a local stress concentration, wall thickness increment was defined as smooth function on the shell surface dependent of auxiliary sphere position and size. Our study consists of multiple steps: CAD/CAE transformation of the model, determining wind pressure for different flow angles, optimizing wall thickness distribution for specific flow angles, designing a lay-up for optimal material distribution. The studied structure was improved in terms of maximum and average strain energy at the constrained expense ofweight growth. Developed methods and tools can be applied to wide range of shell-like structures made of multilayered quasi-isotropic laminates.