bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Globalización, relaciones internacionales y crecimiento económico
Authors: Páez Pérez Pedro Nel , Isaza Quebrada Jorge , Zamora Luz Amanda 
Published: March 2017

Este documento recoge los resultados preliminares del proyecto de investigación «Globalización, Relaciones Internacionales y Crecimiento Económico: una aproximación a América Latina», es el primer informe entregado como resultado de la investigación. Recoge básicamente el desarrollo del ciclo de la teoría económica y sus implicaciones para las relaciones internacionales aunque por ser un informe preliminar no profundiza en las relaciones entre la teoría económico, la globalización y las relaciones internacionales, más bien bosqueja algunas ideas de la forma en que se interrelacionan estas variables pero son desarrolladas en profundidad en el texto final. La idea central considera que al igual que sucede con la actividad real, la recesión y la crisis económica implica un cambio en el paradigma teórico predominante de manera que teóricamente hablando, también puede hablarse de un ciclo de la teoría económica. El documento presenta, en forma concisa el análisis del desarrollo de la teoría económica desde el pensamiento mercantilista hasta la contrarrevolución de Chicago. A partir de esta revisión teórica se quiere mostrar posteriormente como la globalización, primero no es un fenómeno espontáneo; es más bien el fruto de un cuidadoso desarrollo teórico, especialmente a partir de los trabajos de Stigler y Friedman y segundo, la revisión teórica permite afrontar el problema de la globalización, el cambio en las relaciones internacionales y el crecimiento económico desde esa perspectiva histórico-teórica y que se manifiesta como un fenómeno multidisciplinar, complejo y que no se reduce simplemente al ámbito económico.problema de la globalización, el cambio en las relaciones internacionales y el crecimiento económico desde esa perspectiva histórico-teórica y que se manifiesta como un fenómeno multidisciplinar, complejo y que no se reduce simplemente al ámbito económico.
Los ejes de la política de defensa estadounidense en la posguerra fría
Authors: Colom Piella Guillem 
Published: March 2017

El artículo estudia la Revolución Americana en los Asuntos Militares, eje del planeamiento estratégico estadounidense de la inmediata posguerra fría, promotora de su proceso de Transformación militar y responsable de los logros iniciales y de los fracasos posteriores en las largas campañas de Afganistán e Irak.
La crisis del orden mundial. Globalización y terrorismo
Authors: Mercado Maldonado Asael , González Velásquez Guillermo , Olvera García Jorge 
Published: March 2017

El artículo tiene como propósito ofrecer una visión desde la teoría del conflicto sobre el terrorismo específicamente en su vertiente islámica, sus antecedentes, bases ideológicas y perspectivas, considerando el impacto de la globalización como catalizador principal de su expansión mundial. El atentado del 11 de septiembre estableció un nuevo período en la política internacional, la nueva era rompió con la etapa de la estructura bipolar producto de la guerra fría y dio paso a los conflictos originados por las luchas de identidad local. Acabó la era de posguerra fría e inició el orden mundial de carácter unipolar en el cual la globalización acelera las desigualdades y la integración de la economía mundial
Relaciones entre España y América Latina en el ámbito de la defensa
Authors: Bartolomé Mariano César 
Published: March 2017

El presente trabajo se enmarca en las relaciones existentes entre España y América Latina, ámbito en el cual se registra una continua presencia latinoamericana dentro de los objetivos prioritarios de la política exterior española. En ese contexto se insertan las vinculaciones bilaterales en materia de Defensa, observándose que en ese plano Madrid ha implementado diferentes formas de vinculación con la contraparte. Nuestro objetivo es aportar información sobre las relaciones entre España y América Latina en materia de Defensa, encuadradas conceptualmente en una Diplomacia de Defensa. Con esa meta, en primer lugar se efectuará un breve repaso sobre las relaciones desarrolladas entre las partes en los últimos tiempos, para luego enmarcar en ese plano las acciones de la Diplomacia de Defensa. Luego se analizan en detalle dos expresiones de ese despliegue: la comercialización de material de Defensa de procedencia española en el mercado latinoamericano y el empleo del instrumento militar en el marco de iniciativas multilaterales que involucren a la contraparte. Finalmente, en el apartado de conclusiones se evaluará lo actuado y las opciones a futuro que ofrece el campo de la Defensa, para las relaciones entre España y América Latina.
La importancia del accountability social para la consolidación de la democracia en América Latina
Authors: Jiménez Magda Catalina 
Published: March 2017

El accountabilty se ha convertido en un tema de interés no sólo para indagar el grado de control de la política y de quienes la ejercen, sino en un indicador sobre la calidad de la democracia. Así, dentro de la rendición de cuentas, el accountabilty social podría entenderse como una forma de fortalecimiento de la política, debido a que en ella existe una profunda interrelación entre gobierno, instituciones, ciudadanos y medios de comunicación. Por lo tanto, este artículo reflexivo busca hacer un primer análisis sobre el desarrollo de esta forma de control político en Latinoamérica, con el fin de establecer si existe una correlación entre esta práctica y los indicadores de democratización de la región.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND Α -AMYLASE INHIBITORY POTENTIAL OF ROSA CANINA L
Authors: Jemaa` Houda Ben , Jemia Amani Ben , Khlifi Sarra , Ahmed Halima Ben , Slama Fethi Ben , Benzarti Anis , Elati Jalila , Aouidet Abdallah 
Published: March 2017

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrinal disorders and medicinal plants continue to play an important role in the management of this disease. In this study, Rosa canina was investigated for the antioxidant and α-amylase inhibition activities.
Materials and Methods: Methanolic extract of Rosa canina was investigated for its potential antioxidant activity. The extracts' total phenolic and flavonoid contents and scavenging capacity for free radicals were evaluated. The α-amylase inhibition assay was also carried.
Results: Rosa canina extract exhibits a total Phenolic and flavonoid levels respectively (21.918 mg GAE/g and 2.647mg ER/g). The free radical scavenging activity was found to be prominent against DPPH with an IC50 of 0.668 mg/ml and against ABTS with an IC50 of 0.467 mg/ml. Extract showed a significant ferric ion reducing activities with an IC50 of4.962 mg/ml.
Conclusion: Rosa canina exerted a higher inhibitory activity against α-amylase. The obtained results support the antidiabetic use of rosa canina.
EVALUATION OF THE CHELATING EFFECT OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CORIANDRUM SATIVUM AND ITS FRACTIONS ON WISTAR RATS POISONED WITH LEAD ACETATE
Authors: TÃ©llez-LÃ³pez Miguel Ãngel , Mora-Tovar Gabriela , Ceniceros-MÃ©ndez Iromi Marlen , GarcÃ­a-Lujan ConcepciÃ³n , Puente-Valenzuela Cristo Omar , Vega-Menchaca MarÃ­a del Carmen , Serrano-Gallardo Luis BenjamÃ­n , Garza RubÃ©n GarcÃ­a , MorÃ¡n-MartÃ­nez Javier 
Published: March 2017

Background: The rate of lead poisoning has decreased in recent years due to increased health control in industries that use this metal.
However, it is still a public health problem worldwide. The use of various plants with chelating properties has been a topic of research
today. In traditional medicine, it is said that Coriandrum sativum has chelating properties, but there is no scientific evidence to support
this fact. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the chelating effect of methanol extract of coriander and its fractions on Wistar
rats intoxicated with lead.
Materials and Methods: In this research, male Wistar rats were poisoned with 50 mg/kg of lead acetate and treated with 50 mg/kg of
methanol extract and its fractions. The extract and its fractions were administered to four treatment groups. Positive and negative
controls were established. Hemoglobin, hematocrit and lead concentrations were analyzed; liver was evaluated histologically in
control and treatment groups.
Results: The methanol extract of coriander presented a LD50 ˃1000 mg/dL. The group administered with the methanol extract showed
significant difference in the levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit compared to the negative control group. Lead concentration in
treatment groups showed a decrease compared to the positive control. Histological evaluation of tissue showed less damage in groups
administered with methanolic extract and its fractions compared to the positive control which presented structural alterations.
Conclusion: Coriander extracts protect liver and lower lead concentration in rats intoxicated with lead in contrast to the positive
control group.
MOXIBUSTION ALLEVIATES GASTRIC PRECANCEROUS LESIONS IN RATS BY PROMOTING CELL APOPTOSIS AND INHIBITING PROLIFERATION-RELATED ONCOGENES
Authors: Peng Li , Xie Yu-feng , Wang Chen-guang , Wu Huan-gan , Liu Mi , Wang Ya-dong , Ma Fu-qiang , Chang Xiao-rong , Yang Zong-bao 
Published: March 2017

Background: It is well known that gastric mucosa dysplasia and intestinal metaplasia are gastric precancerous lesions (GPL).
Moxibustion treatment of Liangmen (ST21) and Zusanli (ST36) alleviated the inflammatory response and dysplasia of gastric
mucosa in our previous study. The purpose of this study was to further examine the underlying mechanism of moxibustion
treatment of ST21 and ST36 on GPL.
Materials and Methods: Sixty SD rats were divided into five groups and rats with GPL were treated with either moxibustion
(ST), moxibustion (Sham), or vitacoenzyme. B-cell lymphoma 2 (bcl-2), tumor protein p53 (P53) and cellular Myc (C-MYC),
which are related to cell apoptosis, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),
argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region proteins (Ag-NORs), which are associated with cell proliferation, and cell signaling
proteins, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and phosphorylated extracellular signal
regulated kinase (p-ERK), were measured after moxibustion treatment.
Results: Compared with Control group, gastric mucosa in GPL group showed abnormal mucosal proliferation and pathological
mitotic figure, the mRNA expression of bcl-2, P53 and C-MYC increased significantly (P < 0.01), the protein expression of
PCNA, VEGF, Ag-NORs and the activity of NF-κB as well as EGFR/ERK signaling proteins also increased significantly (P <
0.01). Moxibustion treatment decreased gastric mucosal proliferation and pathological mitotic figure, down-regulated the mRNA
expression of bcl-2, P53, C-MYC (P < 0.01), decreased the protein expression of PCNA, VEGF, Ag-NORs and the activity of
NF-κB as well as EGFR/ERK signaling proteins significantly (P < 0.01). But moxibustion treatment of Sham didn’t show the
same effect on GPL.
Conclusion: Moxibustion treatment inhibited cell apoptosis and reduced gastric mucosa dysplasia by inhibiting the expression of
bcl-2, P53, C-MYC and decreased the activity of NF-κB as well as EGFR/ERK signaling proteins.
SIGNALING PATHWAYS REGULATED BY BRASSICACEAE EXTRACT INHIBIT THE FORMATION OF ADVANCED GLYCATED END PRODUCTS IN RAT BRAIN
Authors: Al-Malki Abdulrahman L. , Barbour Elie K. , Huwait EA , Moselhy Said S. , Saeed ALZahrani Anas Hassan , Kumosani Taha A. 
Published: March 2017

Background: The goal of this study was identification signaling molecules mediated the formation of AGEs in brain of
rats injected with CdCl2 and the role of camel whey proteins and Brassicaceae extract on formation of AGEs in brain.
Methods: Ninety male rats were randomly grouped into five groups; Normal control (GpI) and the other rats (groups
II-V) were received a single dose of cadmium chloride i.p (5 μg/kg/b.w) for induction of neurodegeneration. Rats in
groups III-V were treated daily with whey protein (1g/kg b.w) or Brassicaceae extract (1mg/kg b.w) or combined
respectively for 12 weeks.
Results: It was found that whey protein combined with Brassicaceae extract prevented the formation of AGEs and
enhance the antioxidant activity compared with untreated group (p
IN VITRO EFFICACY OF EXTRACTS FROM PLANTS USED BY SMALL-HOLDER FARMERS IN THE TREATMENT OF DERMATOPHILOSIS IN CATTLE
Authors: Ndhlovu Daud N , Masika Patrick J 
Published: March 2017

Background: Bovine dermatophilosis, an important skin disease of cattle caused by Dermatophilus congolensis,
negatively impacts the livelihoods of small-holder farmers in Zimbabwe. This impact is through, morbidity, loss of
draught animal power, costs incurred to manage the disease, losses associated with devalued damaged hides and the
resultant culling of some of the affected cattle. Due to the inaccessibility of conventional drugs to manage bovine
dermatophilosis, farmers have been reported to use local medicinal plants to manage the disease. The aim of the study
was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activities of three plants that small-holder farmers in Zimbabwe used to
manage bovine dermatophilosis.
Methods: Dried plant materials were ground into powder and extracted individually using, water, 80 % acetone and 80
% methanol. The antimicrobial properties of the plants were evaluated against two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli
and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and one Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) reference bacterial strains. They were
further evaluated against a field isolate of Dermatophilus congolensis. The assays used were the disc diffusion,
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC).
Results: Acetone and methanol extracts had superior inhibitory activities than did those of water. Pterocarpus
angolensis DC extracts had better inhibitory properties with absolute MIC values of 0.156 – 5 mg/ml, Cissus
Quadrangularis L had MIC values in the range 0.156 – 5 mg/ml while that of Catunaregam spinosa Thunb, Terveng
was 0.156 – 10 mg/ml. Dermatophilus congolensis was more sensitive to Pterocarpus angolensis DC average MIC =
0.63 mg/ml than to Cissus quadrangularis L average MIC = 1.25 mg/ml and Catunaregam. spinosa Thunb, Terveng
average MIC = 2.08 mg/ml.
Conclusion: These results suggest the potential antibacterial activities of extracts of the three plants and hence farmers
are, in a way, justified in using the plants. Better results (lower MIC) could be obtained by extracting and evaluating
pure active compounds of the plants.
WITHAFERIN A INDUCES APOPTOSIS IN RAT C6 GLIOMA CELLS THROUGH REGULATING NF- ΚB NUCLEAR TRANSLOCATION AND ACTIVATION OF CASPASE CASCADE
Authors: Hou Wei-chen , Miao Xiao-hui , Ma Lian-jun , Bai Xiao-xue , Liu Qun , Song Lei 
Published: March 2017

Background: The demand for the chemopreventive drug from the plant source is increasing in recent times, owing to
its various biological activities without any adverse effect. The intention of this current study was to examine the antiglioma
effect of Withaferin A (WFA) on C6 glioma cell line model.
Materials and Methods: C6 glioma cells were administrated with different concentration of WFA (50, 100, 200 and
500 μg/mL) and DMSO (control) group to examine its anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic activities.
Results: Treatment with WFA showed a significant decline in the glioma cell count in a dose-dependent manner and
thus proving its anti-proliferative effect. Similarly, inflammatory markers were also substantially lowered upon
treatment with different concentration of WFA. However, DNA fragmentation and apoptotic markers like Caspase-3
and 9 were concomitantly enhanced after co-cultured with different concentration of WFA and thus exhibiting its
cytotoxicity efficacy. Furthermore, the protein expression of Bcl2 and Bax were markedly downregulated and
upregulated respectively; upon treatment with WFA on C6 glioma cells.
Conclusion: The outcome of this study evidently demonstrates that C6 glioma cells co-cultured with increased
concentration of WFA, showed an anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effect in a dose-dependent
fashion.
HERBAL PRODUCT USE BY THE CANCER PATIENTS IN BOTH THE PRE AND POST SURGERY PERIODS AND DURING CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: KoÃ§aÅŸlÄ± Sema , Demircan Zehra 
Published: March 2017

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate of the use of herbal products in patients in both pre- and postsurgery
periods and during chemotherapy, and to determine the factors behind it.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a descriptive study with 281 patients in 4 centers. The data of
the study were collected by using a survey form prepared by the researcher, depending on literature and interview with
the participants face-to-face.
Results: While the average age of the patients involved in the study is 49.1±12.8, 51.6% of them were females, 34.6%
graduate of elementary school, and 34.5% were housewives. While the prevelance of the use of herbal product prior to
surgical treatment is 38.9%, it was observed that this rate increased to 54.1% during chemotherapy. It was observed
that the most frequently used product was garlic prior to surgical treatment (19.2%), that it was urtica dioica (13.8%)
during chemotherapy. Before the surgical treatment, 94.3% of the patients, and during chemotherapy treatment, 81.7%
of the patients, stated that the use of herbal product had not been questioned by the physician or nurse.
Conclusion: Analysis of the results indicates that health professionals need to obtain information regarding the use of
herbal products by cancer patients during both pre- and post- surgery periods, as well as during chemotherapy. Patients
should be provided with information and guidance about the advantages and disadvantages of using herbal products.
THE USE OF RHEUM PALMATUM L. IN THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME: A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED, CONTROLLED TRIALS
Authors: Yang Tie-zhu , Liu Yan , Liu Yue-Yun , Ding Xiu-Fang , Chen Jia-Xu , Kou Mei-Jing , Zou Xiao-Juan 
Published: March 2017

Background: Chinese medicine theory shows that “lung being connected with large intestine”, and the modern western
medicine also shows that the lung and intestinal tract affect each other in physiological and pathological conditions. If
the lung ventilation dysfunction is caused by inflammatory exudate or secretions obstruction of the small airway
ventilation, blood gas partial pressure is increased and intestinal gas absorption difficulty may lead to intestinal
inflation and dysfunction (Wang N et al., 2011). Rheum palmatum L. can play the roles of anti-coagulation and
anti-thrombosis, and improve microcirculation through lowering the endotoxin-induced permeability of microvascular
tissue, reducing tissue oedema, decreasing inflammatory exudation and necrosis, and enhancing cyto-protection
mechanism (Yang TZ et al., 2014). Therefore, systemic evaluation of the evidence pertaining to the usage of Rheum
palmatum L. in treating acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has significant
clinical significance.
Materials and Methods: Various Electronic Databases CBM, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, PubMed and Cochrane Library
were searched until December 2015. Numerous randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of
Rheum palmatum L. for the treatment of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome were
collected. The quality of the included studies was evaluated and a meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan5.0
software.
Results: Eight RCTs involving 489 patients were selected for this review. The results of the Meta-analysis revealed that
Rheum palmatum L. therapy, combined with routine comprehensive treatment, was significantly superior to that of
routine comprehensive treatment alone, in the areas of decreasing mortality, the mechanical ventilation time, the level
of interleukin-6,8 and the untoward effect, and also in improving arterial blood gas (PaO2/FiO2, PaO2) (P
IN VIVO CARBON TETRACHLORIDE-INDUCED HEPATOPROTECTIVE AND IN VITRO CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITIES OF GARCINIA HOMBRONIANA (SEASHORE MANGOSTEEN)
Authors: Jamila Nargis , Khan Naeem , Khan Amir Atlas , Khan Imran , Khan Sadiq Noor , Zakaria Zainal Amiruddin , Khairuddean Melati , Osman Hasnah , Su Kim Kyong 
Published: March 2017

Background: Garcinia hombroniana, known as “manggis hutan” (jungle mangosteen) in Malaysia, is distributed in
tropical Asia, Borneo, Thailand, Andaman, Nicobar Islands, Vietnam and India. In Malaysia, its ripened crimson sour
fruit rind is used as a seasoning agent in curries and culinary dishes. Its roots and leaves decoction is used against skin
infections and after child birth. This study aimed to evaluate in vivo hepatoprotective and in vitro cytotoxic activities of
20% methanolic ethyl acetate (MEA) G. hombroniana bark extract.
Materials and Methods: In hepatoprotective activity, liver damage was induced by treating rats with 1.0 mL carbon
tetrachloride (CCl4)/kg and MEA extract was administered at a dose of 50, 250 and 500 mg/kg 24 h before intoxication
with CCl4. Cytotoxicity study was performed on MCF-7 (human breast cancer), DBTRG (human glioblastoma), PC-3
(human prostate cancer) and U2OS (human osteosarcoma) cell lines. 1H, 13C-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), and
IR (infrared) spectral analyses were also conducted for MEA extract.
Results: In hepatoprotective activity evaluation, MEA extract at a higher dose level of 500 mg/kg showed significant
(p
JIEYUANSHEN DECOCTION EXERTS ANTIDEPRESSANT EFFECTS ON DEPRESSIVE RAT MODEL VIA REGULATING HPA AXIS AND THE LEVEL OF AMINO ACIDS NEUROTRANSMITTER
Authors: Qiuxia Zhang , Xinlong Ma , Yilong Yang , Hui Zhao , Yali Wang , Xiaoquan Yao , Lei Wang , Jiahui Chang , Haiyan Zou 
Published: March 2017

Background: Jieyuanshen decoction (JYAS-D) - a traditional Chinese medicine was invented by Professor Nie based
on classic formulas, chaihu jia longgu muli decoction has been proved as having favorable curative effects on
depression in clinical practices. The aim of this study was to investigate the antidepressant effects and its molecular
mechanism of JYAS-D.
Materials and Methods: The model of depression was established by Chronic Unpredictable Stress. Different doses
(8.2 g/kg, 16.3 g/kg, 32.7 g/kg) of JYAS-D was orally administered; Fluoxetine was orally administered with 10mg/kg.
All treatments lasted for 28 days. Sucrose preference and open-field tests were adopted to observe the behavior of rats.
OPA (ortho-phthalaldehyde) derivatization method was used to detect the contents of amino acid neurotransmitter. RIA
(Radiation immunity analysis) method was used to measure the serum concentrations of CORT (Corticosterone),
ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) and CRH (Corticotropin-releasing hormone). ELISA (Enzyme linked
immunosorbent assay) method was adopted to examine the contents of Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and
Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in hippocampus.
Results: Compared with the model group, sucrose preference was increased in all treatment groups. The concentration
of serum CORT was reduced in the middle dose of JYAS-D and control groups; the concentration of serum ACTH was
reduced in the low and high-dose of JYAS-D; the concentration of serum CRH was reduced in the middle and
high-dose of JYAS-D. The content of hippocampus GR was increased in the middle and high-dose of JYAS-D; the
content of hippocampus Glu (Glutamic acid) was reduced among the low, middle and high-dose of JYAS-D and
fluoxetine group, the ratio of Glu/γ-GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid was reduced in the low and high-dose of JYAS-D.
Conclusion: JYAS-D had a significant antidepressant-like effect on rat model through regulating serum concentration
of CORT, ACTH and CRH, increasing the content of hippocampus GR and regulating the equilibrium of amino acids
neurotransmitter.