bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of smoking relapse after percutaneous coronary intervention in Chinese patients
Authors: Zhang Tingyu , Wang Lizi , Xu Zhenzhen , Zhang Qiongxiao , Ye Yawen 
Published: August 2017

Aims and objectivesTo evaluate the prevalence and predictors of smoking relapse after percutaneous coronary intervention in Chinese patients.BackgroundSmoking is considered a vital risk factor for coronary heart disease. Although smoking cessation could decrease the risks of adverse cardiac outcomes, many patients resume smoking following a short period of abstinence. However, little is known about smoking resumption in patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention.Design and methodsA longitudinal study was conducted among Chinese patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. Predictive variables were assessed at baseline through medical records and interviews with questionnaires including the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, Center for Epidemiologic Studies‐Depression scale and Smoking Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire. Smoking relapses were recorded at three, six, nine and 12 months by the self‐reporting through telephone or at routine visits to the cardiology outpatient clinics.ResultsA total of 221 patients who quit smoking immediately after percutaneous coronary intervention completed the whole study. Overall, 51.1%(n = 113) of the patients relapsed within 12 months after percutaneous coronary intervention.The prevalence showed a particular rise (49.6%, n = 56) in the first 3 months and a more gradual increase in the following months. The patients who were employed and had higher nicotine dependence, worse depressive symptoms and lower level of smoking self‐efficacy were more vulnerable to relapse to cigarettes.ConclusionThe prevalence of smoking relapse is high in the patients who stop smoking in the hospital due to percutaneous coronary intervention. The predictors of smoking relapse are employment, nicotine dependence, depression and smoking self‐efficacy in the post‐ percutaneous coronary intervention patients.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study may prompt the healthcare providers to focus on the issue of smoking relapse and provide some instructions for identification of the patients with a high‐risk of relapse after percutaneous coronary intervention.
Factors influencing the implementation of evidence in Chinese nursing practice
Authors: Cheng Lei , Broome Marion E , Feng Sheng , Hu Yan 
Published: August 2017

Aims and objectivesTo explore the influencing factors from staff nurses, nurse managers, nursing directors and a physician involved in nursing evidence implementation in Mainland China.BackgroundAlthough the need for evidence‐based nursing is well recognised, continuous efforts are needed to strive for closing the gap from evidence to action. Previous studies have explored influencing factors from individual and organisational perspectives in Western countries. However, it remains unclear what the influences (i.e., context and culture) in the developing countries as China.DesignA grounded theory design using in‐depth individual interviews was conducted.MethodsInterviews with 56 participants from 24 evidence‐based nursing implementation projects were conducted in Mainland China. Constant comparative analysis was used to discover the concepts describing the influencing factors during the implementation process.ResultsFactors that influenced implementation of evidence‐based practice in the Chinese context were identified. These included the leaders of the projects, the nature of the evidence, practising nurses, patients involved in the projects, the system where the projects were implemented, as well as the influence from outside of the system.ConclusionsA variety of factors influencing evidence implementation in Chinese nursing context were identified and further explored from the perspective of different project leaders and culture influence. There is apparently a strong demand for a supportive system, targeted strategies to facilitate various evidence implementations and integrated core elements of evidence‐based practice at the point care.Relevance to clinical practiceThe blurred boundaries and complexity of influencing factors call for a systematic and dynamic perspective during implementation. The competitive priorities emphasise the importance of integration between clinical nursing care and evidence‐based practice.
A comparison of food crispness based on the cloud model
Authors: Wang Minghui , Sun Yonghai , Hou Jumin , Wang Xia , Bai Xue , Wu Chunhui , Yu Libo , Yang Jie 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe cloud model is a typical model which transforms the qualitative concept into the quantitative description. The cloud model has been used less extensively in texture studies before. The purpose of this study was to apply the cloud model in food crispness comparison. The acoustic signals of carrots, white radishes, potatoes, Fuji apples, and crystal pears were recorded during compression. And three time‐domain signal characteristics were extracted, including sound intensity, maximum short‐time frame energy, and waveform index. The three signal characteristics and the cloud model were used to compare the crispness of the samples mentioned above. The crispness based on the Ex value of the cloud model, in a descending order, was carrot > potato > white radish > Fuji apple > crystal pear. To verify the results of the acoustic signals, mechanical measurement and sensory evaluation were conducted. The results of the two verification experiments confirmed the feasibility of the cloud model. The microstructures of the five samples were also analyzed. The microstructure parameters were negatively related with crispness (p < .01).Practical applicationsThe cloud model method can be used for crispness comparison of different kinds of foods. The method is more accurate than the traditional methods such as mechanical measurement and sensory evaluation. The cloud model method can also be applied to other texture studies extensively.
Hepatitis B Virus‐Hepatitis D Virus mother‐to‐child co‐transmission: A retrospective study in a developed country
Authors: Sellier Pierre O. , Maylin Sarah , Brichler Ségolène , Berçot Béatrice , Lopes Amanda , Chopin Dorothée , Pogliaghi Manuela , Munier Anne‐Lise , Delcey Véronique , Simoneau Guy , Evans John , Gordien Emmanuel , Simon François , Bergmann Jean‐François 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsHepatitis B Virus (HBV) DNA during chronic infection can reach levels at which mother‐to‐child (MTC) transmission frequently occurs despite passive‐active immunization of newborns. Hepatitis D Virus (HDV) RNA can reach high levels, we assessed HBV/HDV MTC co‐transmission.MethodsMonocentric retrospective study (registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02044055)), after informed consent in HBV/HDV co‐infected women pregnant between 01/01/2004 and 01/01/2015 in Paris, France. The children were tested when 24 months of age or older.ResultsTwenty‐two (3%) of 742 HBV infected women, HDV co‐infected, gave birth to 54 children during the study period. HBV DNA was above 5 Log10 I.U/mL in 10 pregnancies previous any treatment, with HDV RNA of less than 2.3 Log10 I.U/mL. HDV RNA was above 5 Log10 I.U/mL in eight pregnancies previous any treatment, with HBV DNA of less than 1.5 Log10 I.U/mL. Inverse patterns of HBV DNA and HDV RNA were observed in 17 of 35 (49%) pregnancies: 13 (76%) received no HBV treatment; four (24%) were treated. HBV DNA was under 5 Log10 I.U/mL in 46 of the 50 assessed women (92%) at birth. Of the 36 assessed children, given passive‐active immunization, 24 (66%) were protected, 10 (28%) were neither infected nor protected, one was chronically HBV infected, and one had a past HBV infection. HDV Ab was negative in the 36 children.ConclusionsThese results suggest that HBV/HDV MTC co‐transmission is exceptional. Studies are needed, mainly in developing countries.
Widespread generalist clones are associated with range and niche expansion in allopolyploids of Pacific Northwest Hawthorns (Crataegus L.)
Authors: Coughlan J. M. , Han S. , Stefanović S. , Dickinson T. A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractRange and niche expansion are commonly associated with transitions to asexuality, polyploidy and hybridity (allopolyploidy) in plants. The ability of asexual polyploids to colonize novel habitats may be due to widespread generalist clones, multiple ecologically specialized clones, or may be a neutral by‐product of multiple, independent origins of asexual polyploids throughout the range. We have quantified niche size and divergence for hawthorns of the Pacific Northwest using data from herbarium vouchers with known cytotypes. We find that all polyploid niches diverge from that of the diploid range, and allopolyploids have the broadest niches. Allotetraploids have the largest niche and the widest geographic distribution. We then assessed the genetic mechanism of range expansion by surveying the ecological and geographic distribution of genotypes within each cytotype from sites in which fine‐scale habitat assessments were completed. We find no isolation by either geographic or ecological distance in allopolyploids, suggesting high dispersal and colonization ability. In contrast, autotriploids and diploids show patterns of isolation by geographic distance. We also compared the geographic and ecological distributions of clonal genotypes with those of randomly drawn sites of the most widespread cytotype. We found that most clones are geographically widespread and occur in a variety of habitats. We interpret these findings to suggest that patterns of range and niche expansion in Pacific Northwest Hawthorns may stem from these widespread, ecologically generalist clones of hybrid origin.
Crew Allocation System for the Masonry Industry
Authors: Florez Laura 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMasonry construction is labor‐intensive. Processes require a large number of crews made up of masons with diverse skills, capabilities, and personalities. Often crews are reassembled and the superintendent in the site is responsible for allocating crews to balance between the complexity of the job and the need for quality and high production rates. However, the masonry industry still faces increased time and low productivity rates that result from inefficiencies in crew allocation. This article presents a system for efficient crew allocation in the masonry industry formulated as a mixed‐integer program. The system takes into consideration characteristics of masons and site conditions and how to relate these to determine the right crew for the right wall to increase productivity. With the system, superintendents are not only able to identify working patterns for each of the masons but also optimal crew formation, completion times, and labor costs. To validate the model, data from a real project in the United States is used to compare the crew allocation completed by the superintendent onsite with the one proposed by the system. The results showed that relating characteristics of workers with site conditions had a substantial impact on reducing the completion time to build the walls, maximizing the utilization of masons, and outlining opportunities for concurrent work.
LytM factors affect the recruitment of autolysins to the cell division site in Caulobacter crescentus
Authors: Zielińska Aleksandra , Billini Maria , Möll Andrea , Kremer Katharina , Briegel Ariane , Izquierdo Martinez Adrian , Jensen Grant J. , Thanbichler Martin 
Published: August 2017

SummaryMost bacteria possess a peptidoglycan cell wall that determines their morphology and provides mechanical robustness during osmotic challenges. The biosynthesis of this structure is achieved by a large set of synthetic and lytic enzymes with varying substrate specificities. Although the biochemical functions of these proteins are conserved and well‐investigated, the precise roles of individual factors and the regulatory mechanisms coordinating their activities in time and space remain incompletely understood. Here, we comprehensively analyze the autolytic machinery of the alphaproteobacterial model organism Caulobacter crescentus, with a specific focus on LytM‐like endopeptidases, soluble lytic transglycosylases and amidases. Our data reveal a high degree of redundancy within each protein family but also specialized functions for individual family members under stress conditions. In addition, we identify two lytic transglycosylases and an amidase as new divisome components that are recruited to midcell at distinct stages of the cell cycle. The midcell localization of these proteins is affected by two LytM factors with degenerate catalytic domains, DipM and LdpF, which may serve as regulatory hubs coordinating the activities of multiple autolytic enzymes during cell constriction and fission respectively. These findings set the stage for in‐depth studies of the molecular mechanisms that control peptidoglycan remodeling in C. crescentus.
Clinical and pathological features of anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody‐associated vasculitis in patients with minor urinary abnormalities
Authors: Hasegawa Jumpei , Hoshino Junichi , Sekine Akinari , Hayami Noriko , Suwabe Tatsuya , Sumida Keiichi , Mise Koki , Ueno Toshiharu , Yamanouchi Masayuki , Hazue Ryo , Sawa Naoki , Ohashi Kenichi , Fujii Takeshi , Takaichi Kenmei , Ubara Yoshifumi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimKidney biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis of anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)‐associated vasculitis (AAV), but it is unknown whether vasculitis can be detected from AAV patients with minor urinary abnormalities.MethodsNinety ANCA‐positive patients undergoing kidney biopsy were evaluated retrospectively after being divided into two groups, which were group A (minor urinary abnormalities with both proteinuria <0.5 g/day and red blood cells ≤5/high power field) and group B (major urinary abnormalities except group A).ResultsThirteen patients were included in group A and 77 patients were in group B. Crescentic glomeruli were detected less frequently in group A than in group B (61.5% vs. 92.2%, P < 0.01). The percentage of crescentic glomeruli relative to total glomeruli was significantly lower in group A than in group B (median [interquartile range]; 2.7% [0–5.2%] vs. 27.3% [8.1–56.1%], P < 0.01). Vasculitis of the small renal arteries was detected more frequently in group A than in group B without significant difference (30.8% vs. 19.5%, P = 0.46). Overall renal vasculitis (crescentic glomeruli and/or small renal artery vasculitis) was detected less frequently in group A than in group B (69.2% vs. 92.2%, P = 0.03).ConclusionsThese findings indicate that renal biopsy can be a useful tool for histological diagnosis of ANCA‐associated vasculitis in ANCA‐positive patients with minor urinary abnormalities, even though the rate of renal vasculitis to the total number of glomeruli sampled is lower in patients with minor urinary abnormalities than patients with major abnormalities.
Factors influencing behavioral intention to undergo Papanicolaou testing in early adulthood: Comparison of Japanese and Korean women
Authors: Kang Kyung‐Ah , Kim Shin‐Jeong , Kaneko Noriyo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this study, we identified the factors influencing behavioral intention to undergo Papanicolaou testing among Japanese and Korean women in early adulthood. Their behavioral intentions were compared in this cross‐sectional descriptive study. In total, 887 women (Japanese = 498, Korean = 389) aged 20–39 years participated in this study. Using a self‐report questionnaire, knowledge, attitudes, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention were surveyed. There were significant differences between Japanese and Korean women's scores on all main variables. For Japanese women, all the variables moderately correlated with behavioral intention. In comparison, for Korean women, all independent variables, except for knowledge, moderately correlated with behavioral intention. Through a multiple regression analysis, age, undergoing Papanicolaou testing, attitudes, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control were identified as significant predictors of behavioral intention among Japanese women. Among Korean women, job status, undergoing a Papanicolaou test, attitudes, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control were demonstrated as significant predictors of behavioral intention. Health professionals should consider these factors to encourage Papanicolaou testing in women in early adulthood.
Mechanobiology of limb musculoskeletal development
Authors: Arvind Varun , Huang Alice H. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWhile there has been considerable progress in identifying molecular regulators of musculoskeletal development, the role of physical forces in regulating induction, differentiation, and patterning events is less well understood. Here, we highlight recent findings in this area, focusing primarily on model systems that test the mechanical regulation of skeletal and tendon development in the limb. We also discuss a few of the key signaling pathways and mechanisms that have been implicated in mechanotransduction and highlight current gaps in knowledge and opportunities for further research in the field.
Coagulation and fibrinolysis in gastric cancer
Authors: Repetto Ombretta , De Re Valli 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCoagulation is a highly conserved process occurring after an injury to a blood vessel and resulting in hemostasis. In the thrombus microenvironment, finely orchestrated events restore vessel integrity through platelet activation, adhesion, and aggregation (primary hemostasis), followed by the coagulation cascades, thrombin generation, and fibrin clot deposition (secondary hemostasis). Several studies on cancer have provided insight into dramatic changes to coagulation‐related events (i.e., fibrin clot deposition, fibrinolysis) during tumor pathogenesis, progression, and metastasis, in addition to a tumor‐driven systemic activation of hemostasis and thrombosis (Trousseau's syndrome). Diverse molecular and cellular effectors participate in the cross talk between hemostasis and tumors. Here, we focus on some aspects of the interconnection between cancer biology and hemostatic components, with particular attention to some key coagulation‐related proteins (e.g., tissue factor, thrombin, fibrinogen, and D‐dimers) in the particular case of gastric cancer (GC). Recent advances in deciphering the complex molecular link between GC and the coagulation system are described, showing their important roles in better management of patients affected by GC.
Persistent C4d and antibody‐mediated rejection in pediatric renal transplant patients
Authors: South Andrew M. , Maestretti Lynn , Kambham Neeraja , Grimm Paul C. , Chaudhuri Abanti 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPediatric renal transplant recipient survival continues to improve, but ABMR remains a significant contributor to graft loss. ABMR prognostic factors to guide treatment are lacking. C4d staining on biopsies, diagnostic of ABMR, is associated with graft failure. Persistent C4d+ on follow‐up biopsies has unknown significance, but could be associated with worse outcomes. We evaluated a retrospective cohort of 17 pediatric renal transplant patients diagnosed with ABMR. Primary outcome at 12 months was a composite of ≥50% reduction in eGFR, transplant glomerulopathy, or graft failure. Secondary outcome was the UPCR at 12 months. We used logistic and linear regression modeling to determine whether persistent C4d+ on follow‐up biopsy was associated with the outcomes. Forty‐one percent reached the primary outcome at 12 months. Persistent C4d+ on follow‐up biopsy occurred in 41% and was not significantly associated with the primary outcome, but was significantly associated with the secondary outcome (estimate 0.22, 95% CI 0.19‐0.25, P < .001), after controlling for confounding factors. Persistent C4d+ on follow‐up biopsies was associated with a higher UPCR at 12 months. Patients who remain C4d+ on follow‐up biopsy may benefit from more aggressive or prolonged ABMR treatment.
Temporal and spatial field evaluations highlight the importance of the presymptomatic phase in supporting strong partial resistance in Triticum aestivum against Zymoseptoria tritici
Authors: Hehir J. G. , Connolly C. , O'Driscoll A. , Lynch J. P. , Spink J. , Brown J. K. M. , Doohan F. , Mullins E. 
Published: August 2017

Zymoseptoria tritici, the causal agent of septoria tritici blotch (STB), remains a significant threat to European wheat production with the continuous emergence of fungicide resistance in Z. tritici strains eroding the economic sustainability of wheat production systems. The life cycle of Z. tritici is characterized by a presymptomatic phase (latent period, LP) after which the pathogen switches to an aggressive necrotrophic stage, when lesions bearing pycnidia quickly manifest on the leaf. As minimal knowledge of the possible role of the LP in supporting STB resistance/susceptibility exists, the goal of this study was to investigate the spatial and temporal association between the LP and disease progression across three locations (Ireland – Waterford, Carlow; UK – Norwich) that represent commercially high, medium and low STB pressure environments. Completed over two seasons (2013–2015) with commercially grown cultivars, the potential of the LP in stalling STB epidemics was significant as identified with cv. Stigg, whose high level of partial resistance was characterized by a lengthened LP (c. 36 days) under the high disease pressure environment of Waterford. However, once the LP concluded it was followed by a rate of disease progression in cv. Stigg that was comparable to that observed in the more susceptible commercial varieties. Complementary analysis, via logistic modelling of intensive disease assessments made at Carlow and Waterford in 2015, further highlighted the value of a lengthened LP in supporting strong partial resistance against STB disease of wheat.
Musical training modulates the early but not the late stage of rhythmic syntactic processing
Authors: Sun Lijun , Liu Fang , Zhou Linshu , Jiang Cunmei 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSyntactic processing is essential for musical understanding. Although the processing of harmonic syntax has been well studied, very little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying rhythmic syntactic processing. The present study investigated the neural processing of rhythmic syntax and whether and to what extent long‐term musical training impacts such processing. Fourteen musicians and 14 nonmusicians listened to syntactic‐regular or syntactic‐irregular rhythmic sequences and judged the completeness of these sequences. Nonmusicians, as well as musicians, showed a P600 effect to syntactic‐irregular endings, indicating that musical exposure and perceptual learning of music are sufficient to enable nonmusicians to process rhythmic syntax at the late stage. However, musicians, but not nonmusicians, also exhibited an early right anterior negativity (ERAN) response to syntactic‐irregular endings, which suggests that musical training only modulates the early but not the late stage of rhythmic syntactic processing. These findings revealed for the first time the neural mechanisms underlying the processing of rhythmic syntax in music, which has important implications for theories of hierarchically organized music cognition and comparative studies of syntactic processing in music and language.