bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the ATHLET-SC code by trans-critical transient data
Authors: Liu X. , Cheng X. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
For the safety analysis of Supercritical Water-Cooled Reactor (SCWR), one of the challenge tasks is to predict the trans-critical behavior of the reactor system during some accidents. The current safety codes have some shortcomings when the pressure decreases from the supercritical condition to the subcritical state due to the void fraction discontinuity across the critical point. Another challenge is the validation of the system code, which needs the transient experimental data. To overcome the above-mentioned challenges, this paper validates the modified code ATHLET-SC, which is developed based on the pseudo two-phase method. The trans-critical transient data from SWAMUP test facility in Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU) are adopted to compare with the simulation results. The results obtained so far shows that the ATHLET-SC code has good feasibility to the trans-critical simulation of SCWR, and it can be used for transient analysis of SCWR in the future.
Critical flow phenomena and modeling in advanced nuclear safety technology
Authors: Chen Y. Z. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The discharge could be non-choking or choking, depending on the break shape, length and conditions. This presents a challenge in the calculation of standard problems. A stable experiment of water was performed to study the break flow rate in nozzles of diameter of 1.41 and 2.0 mm with rounded-edge and sharp-edge. The pressure covered the ranges of 0.5 to 29.5 MPa, inlet quality 0 to 1.0 and subcooling up to 350 °C. The results exhibited a close relation of thermal non-equilibrium with pressure. For supercritical pressure a modified equilibrium model in combination with the Bernoulli equation is presented.
La Commission des forêts d'Afrique centrale
Authors: Emmanuel Delphine-Edith 
Published: April 2016

La Commission des forêts d'Afrique Centrale (COMIFAC) est une organisation intergouvernementale instituée par le traité conclu à Brazzaville le 5 février 2005. Cette organisation régionale de conservation, dont le siège se trouve à Yaoundé, est dotée de la personnalité juridique internationale et elle bénéficie de l'appui de la communauté internationale.
Elle assure la mise en œuvre et le suivi des politiques de conservation des écosystèmes forestiers, menées aux niveaux sous-régional et national dans le cadre du Plan de Convergence.
Evaluation of Spontaneous Spinal Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks Disease by Computerized Image Processing
Authors: Kara Sadık , Albayram Mehmet , Okkesim Şükrü , Yıldırım Mustafa 
Published: April 2016

SummaryBackground: Spontaneous Spinal Cerebro -spinal Fluid Leaks (SSCFL) is a disease based on tears on the dura mater. Due to widespread symptoms and low frequency of the disease, diagnosis is problematic. Diagnostic lumbar puncture is commonly used for diagnosing SSCFL, though it is invasive and may cause pain, inflammation or new leakages. T2-weighted MR imaging is also used for diagnosis; however, the literature on T2-weighted MRI states that findings for diagnosis of SSCFL could be erroneous when differentiating the diseased and control. One another technique for diagnosis is CT-myelography, but this has been suggested to be less successful than T2-weighted MRI and it needs an initial lumbar puncture.Objectives: This study aimed to develop an objective, computerized numerical analysis method using noninvasive routine Magnetic Resonance Images that can be used in the evaluation and diagnosis of SSCFL disease.Methods: Brain boundaries were automatically detected using methods of mathematical morphology, and a distance transform was employed. According to normalized distances, average densities of certain sites were proportioned and a numerical criterion related to cerebrospinal fluid distribution was calculated.Results: The developed method was able to differentiate between 14 patients and 14 control subjects significantly with p = 0.0088 and d = 0.958. Also, the pre and post-treatment MRI of four patients was obtained and analyzed. The results were differentiated statistically (p = 0.0320, d = 0.853).Conclusions: An original, noninvasive and objective diagnostic test based on computerized image processing has been developed for evaluation of SSCFL. To our knowledge, this is the first computerized image processing method for evaluation of the disease. Discrimination between patients and controls shows the validity of the method. Also, post-treatment changes observed in four patients support this verdict.
HIERARCHICAL FORMATION IN ACTION: CHARACTERIZING ACCELERATED GALAXY EVOLUTION IN COMPACT GROUPS USING WHOLE-SKY WISE DATA
Authors: Zucker Catherine , Walker Lisa May , Johnson Kelsey , Gallagher Sarah , Alatalo Katherine , Tzanavaris Panayiotis 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Compact groups provide an environment to study the growth of galaxies amid multiple prolonged interactions. With their dense galaxy concentrations and relatively low velocity dispersions, compact groups mimic the conditions of hierarchical galaxy assembly. Compact group galaxies are known to show a bimodality in Spitzer IRAC infrared color space: galaxies are preferentially either quiescent with low specific star formation rates (SSFRs) or prolifically forming stars—galaxies with moderate levels of specific star formation are rare. Previous Spitzer IRAC studies identifying this “canyon” have been limited by small number statistics. We utilize whole-sky Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) data to study 163 compact groups, thereby tripling our previous sample and including more galaxies with intermediate mid-IR colors indicative of moderate SSFRs. We define a distinct WISE mid-IR color space

log

f

12

f

4.6

versus

log

f

22

f

3.4

that we use to identify canyon galaxies from the larger sample. We confirm that compact group galaxies show a bimodal distribution in the mid-infrared and identify 37 canyon galaxies with reliable photometry and intermediate mid-IR colors. Morphologically, we find that the canyon harbors a large population of both Sa–Sbc and E/S0 type galaxies, and that they fall on the optical red sequence rather than the green valley. Finally, we provide a catalog of WISE photometry for 567 of 652 galaxies selected from the sample of 163 compact groups.
BROWN DWARFS IN YOUNG MOVING GROUPS FROM PAN-STARRS1. I. AB DORADUS
Authors: Aller Kimberly M. , Liu Michael C. , Magnier Eugene A. , Best William M. J. , Kotson Michael C. , Burgett William S. , Chambers Kenneth C. , Hodapp Klaus W. , Flewelling Heather , Kaiser Nick , Metcalf Nigel , Tonry John L. , Wainscoat Richard J. , Waters Christopher 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Substellar members of young (≲150 Myr) moving groups are valuable benchmarks to empirically define brown dwarf evolution with age and to study the low-mass end of the initial mass function. We have combined Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) proper motions with optical–IR photometry from PS1, Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), and WISE to search for substellar members of the AB Dor Moving Group within ≈50 pc and with spectral types of late M to early L, corresponding to masses down to ≈30 M
Jup at the age of the group (≈125 Myr). Including both photometry and proper motions allows us to better select candidates by excluding field dwarfs whose colors are similar to young AB Dor Moving Group members. Our near-IR spectroscopy has identified six ultracool dwarfs (M6–L4; ≈30–100 M
Jup) with intermediate surface gravities (int-g) as candidate members of the AB Dor Moving Group. We find another two candidate members with spectra showing hints of youth but consistent with field gravities. We also find four field brown dwarfs unassociated with the AB Dor Moving Group, three of which have int-g gravity classification. While signatures of youth are present in the spectra of our ≈125 Myr objects, neither their J – K nor W1 – W2 colors are significantly redder than field dwarfs with the same spectral types, unlike younger ultracool dwarfs. We also determined PS1 parallaxes for eight of our candidates and one previously identified AB Dor Moving Group candidate. Although radial velocities (and parallaxes, for some) are still needed to fully assess membership, these new objects provide valuable insight into the spectral characteristics and evolution of young brown dwarfs.
TWO STARS TWO WAYS: CONFIRMING A MICROLENSING BINARY LENS SOLUTION WITH A SPECTROSCOPIC MEASUREMENT OF THE ORBIT
Authors: Yee Jennifer C. , Johnson John Asher , Skowron Jan , Gould Andrew , Pineda J. Sebastian , Eastman Jason , Vanderburg Andrew , Howard Andrew 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Light curves of microlensing events involving stellar binaries and planetary systems can provide information about the orbital elements of the system due to orbital modulations of the caustic structure. Accurately measuring the orbit in either the stellar or planetary case requires detailed modeling of subtle deviations in the light curve. At the same time, the natural, Cartesian parameterization of a microlensing binary is partially degenerate with the microlens parallax. Hence, it is desirable to perform independent tests of the predictions of microlens orbit models using radial velocity (RV) time series of the lens binary system. To this end, we present 3.5 years of RV monitoring of the binary lens system OGLE-2009-BLG-020 L, for which Skowron et al. constrained all internal parameters of the 200–700 day orbit. Our RV measurements reveal an orbit that is consistent with the predictions of the microlens light curve analysis, thereby providing the first confirmation of orbital elements inferred from microlensing events.
Religion et communautés juives : pour une approche spatiale de la diversité communautaire
Authors: Endelstein Lucine 
Published: April 2016

À partir de l’exemple du monde juif, on donne ici quelques éléments de réflexion sur l’usage et la pertinence de la notion de communauté, et sur l’intérêt de la dimension spatiale pour analyser le fait communautaire liée à la religion. En se démarquant des visions essentialisantes qui considèrent les communautés comme des groupes homogènes et fermés, on souligne le contraste entre la représentation très courante de l’existence d’ « une » communauté juive unie et uniforme, et la réalité de la diversité interne au monde juif. Il s’agit moins de poser des frontières autour d’une communauté que de comprendre la dimension spatiale dans la construction de communautés plurielles.
Les temples hindous et le développement local en Inde du Sud. L’exemple du Tamil Nadu
Authors: Trouillet Pierre-Yves 
Published: April 2016

Basé sur six cas d’étude pris dans le contexte régional du Tamil Nadu (le « pays tamoul » en Inde du Sud), l’article montre que les temples hindous participent de multiples façons au développement de leur localité et qu’ils produisent de la centralité capable de faire émerger des phénomènes de développement. Le cas des temples anciens indique notamment que ces lieux de culte ont un effet structurant sur la morphologie urbaine et que des activités économiques sont souvent installées sur des terres leur appartenant. L’étude des nouveaux temples confirme ces observations tout en mettant en valeur des processus d’émergence de développement local liés à différentes stratégies d’acteurs.
L’encadrement urbanistique des lieux de culte : le pouvoir local à l’épreuve de la diversité religieuse à travers l’exemple de Montréal
Authors: Dejean Frédéric 
Published: April 2016

Alors que la ville occidentale contemporaine apparaît de prime abord comme l’espace de prédilection du processus de sécularisation et, à ce titre, est la scène d’une crise profonde des institutions et des pratiques religieuses, l’exemple de Montréal que nous traitons dans cet article témoigne de l’émergence de dynamiques nouvelles des faits religieux dans l’espace urbain. Nous montrons, en particulier, comment les arrondissements montréalais se saisissent de la question du « zonage religieux » et expérimentent des cadres réglementaires nouveaux. À ce titre, nous proposons l’idée que l’analyse de la production de l’espace religieux doit tenir compte de ces nouveaux dispositifs qui ont pour effet d’orienter les dimensions spatiales des faits religieux dans l’espace urbain.
Grandir en une nuit : le discret redécoupage des municipalités allemandes
Authors: Florentin Daniel 
Published: April 2016

Le redécoupage des municipalités allemandes est un processus discret et souvent négligé par les études urbaines sur le pays. Il repose sur une situation paradoxale : les municipalités disposent d’une forte autonomie garantie par un droit municipal très touffu, mais le découpage des communes est l’apanage unique des Länder. Le découpage est ainsi une question traitée par l’échelon régional, qui a cherché, depuis une cinquantaine d’années, à constamment transformer la carte municipale en réduisant le nombre de communes. Ces processus de transformation territoriale sont l’objet de contestations, et participent de changements dans la façon de concevoir la ville (allemande) qui sont l’objet de cet article.
Cervical cytology as a diagnostic tool for female genital schistosomiasis: Correlation to cervical atypia and Schistosoma polymerase chain reaction
Authors: Pillay Pavitra , van Lieshout Lisette , Taylor Myra , Sebitloane Motshedisi , Zulu Siphosenkosi Gift , Kleppa Elisabeth , Roald Borghild , Kjetland Eyrun Floerecke 
Published: April 2016

Background:
Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) is a tissue reaction to lodged ova of Schistosoma haematobium in the genital mucosa. Lesions can make the mucosa friable and prone to bleeding and discharge. Women with FGS may have an increased risk of HIV acquisition, and FGS may act as a cofactor in the development of cervical cancer.

Objectives:
To explore cytology as a method for diagnosing FGS and to discuss the diagnostic challenges in low-resource rural areas. The correlation between FGS and squamous cell atypia (SCA) is also explored and discussed. Cytology results are compared to Schistosoma polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in vaginal lavage and urine and in urine microscopy.

Materials and Methods:
In a clinical study, 394 women aged between 16 and 23 years from rural high schools in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, underwent structured interviews and the following laboratory tests: Cytology Papanicolaou (Pap) smears for S. haematobium ova and cervical SCA, real-time PCR for Schistosoma-specific DNA in vaginal lavage and urine samples, and urine microscopy for the presence of S. haematobium ova.

Results:
In Pap smears, S. haematobium ova were detected in 8/394 (2.0%). SCA was found in 107/394 (27.1%), seven of these had high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). Schistosoma specific DNA was detected in 38/394 (9.6%) of vaginal lavages and in 91/394 (23.0%) of urines. Ova were found microscopically in 78/394 (19.7%) of urines.

Conclusion:
Schistosoma PCR on lavage was a better way to diagnose FGS compared to cytology. There was a significant association between S. haematobium ova in Pap smears and the other diagnostic methods. In low-resource Schistosoma-endemic areas, it is important that cytology screeners are aware of diagnostic challenges in the identification of schistosomiasis in addition to the cytological diagnosis of SCA. Importantly, in this study, three of eight urines were negative but showed Schistosoma ova in their Pap smear, and one of them was also negative for Schistosoma DNA in urine. In this study, SCA was not significantly associated with schistosomiasis. HSIL detected in this young population might need future consideration.
Using Telehealth to Reduce All-Cause 30-Day Hospital Readmissions among Heart Failure Patients Receiving Skilled Home Health Services
Authors: O’Connor Melissa , Dempsey Mary , Huffenberger Ann , Jost Sandra , Flynn Danielle , Norris Anne , Asdornwised Usavadee 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThe reduction of all-cause hospital readmission among heart failure (HF) patients is a national priority. Telehealth is one strategy employed to impact this sought-after patient outcome. Prior research indicates varied results on all-cause hospital readmission highlighting the need to understand telehealth processes and optimal strategies in improving patient outcomes.The purpose of this paper is to describe how one Medicare-certified home health agency launched and maintains a telehealth program intended to reduce all-cause 30-day hospital readmissions among HF patients receiving skilled home health and report its impact on patient outcomes.Using the Transitional Care Model as a guide, the telehealth program employs a 4G wireless tablet-based system that collects patient vital signs (weight, heart rate, blood pressure and blood oxygenation) via wireless peripherals, and is preloaded with subjective questions related to HF and symptoms and instructional videos.Year one all-cause 30-day readmission rate was 19.3%. Fiscal year 2015 ended with an all-cause 30-day readmission rate of 5.2%, a reduction by 14 percentage points (a 73% relative reduction) in three years. Telehealth is now an integral part of the University of Pennsylvania Health System’s readmission reduction program.Telehealth was associated with a reduction in all-cause 30-day readmission for one mid-sized Medicare-certified home health agency. A description of the program is presented as well as lessons learned that have significantly contributed to this program’s success. Future expansion of the program is planned. Telehealth is a promising approach to caring for a chronically ill population while improving a patient’s ability for self-care.
Uterine Atony: An Innovative Dutta's Scoring System for Elective Cesarean Section
Authors: Dutta Indranil , Dutta Indranil 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Uterine atony appears suddenly and is mostly unpredictable and accounts for 80% of causes of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), it is also one of the important causes of maternal death.

Objective
To analyze the efficacy of Dutta's score for early diagnosis and management of uterine atony during elective lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) to prevent PPH.
Study methods: This study was undertaken at JNM, NSGH, CN at Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India, from 1st June 2008 to 31st Dec 2012. Six hundred cases undergoing elective LSCS were selected for randomized trial. Clinical observations were made after placental expulsion for scoring which includes shape and size of uterus, rugosity, tone, placental localization and time of placental expulsion. Scores of 0, 1, 2 were given on each observation. Three groups are created depending on scoring: group A (n = 300)—8 to 10, group B (n = 220)—5 to 7 and group C (n = 80)—<5 for better management.
Management protocols were formulated in the three groups for prevention of PPH: group A—oxytocin 10 U (5U IM + 5U IV 30 drops/min in Ringer's lactate 500 ml), group B—oxytocin 15U (5U IM + 10U IV 30 drops/min in Ringer's-lactate 500 ml) + methylergometrine (0.25 mg IM) + anterior posterior uterine wall compression, group C—oxytocin 20 U (5U IM plus 15 U IV 30 drops in ringer lactate 500 ml) + methylergometrine (0.5 mg IM) + carboprost (250 mcg IM) + lateral followed by anterior posterior uterine wall compression + isthmus compression of uterus + misoprostol 800 mg per rectal during postoperative period.

Results
After adopting Dutta's score and management protocols, it was interesting to observe that intra and postoperative, blood loss (within 2 hours) were found to be significantly reduced in group A—73.3% (<300 cc), 88% (<200 cc) and group B—63.6% (<300 cc), 81.8% (<200 cc). Intraoperative blood loss >500 cc were also found to be reduce in group A—14.7%, group B—16.3%. In group C, intraoperative blood loss >500 cc were seen in 41.25% and postoperative —37.5% respectively. Hemoglobin level below 11 gm% were found to be not reduced in group A (1.4%), group B (2.6%) and group C (8.7%) after 24 hours of delivery hemodynamic status in all groups were found to be uneventful. Maternal mortality was found to be nil.

Conclusion
Early diagnosis and management of uterine atony during elective LSCS after adopting Dutta's score were found to be not only reduce intra- and postoperative blood loss but also was found to maintain a satisfactory hemoglobin level and hemodynamic status. Maternal mortality was found to be nil. This randomized trial highlighted the importance of prompt treatment in group C to reduce intra- and postoperative blood loss and maternal mobidity and mortality.

How to cite this article
Dutta DK, Dutta I. Uterine Atony: An Innovative Dutta's Scoring System for Elective Cesarean Section. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2015;7(3):113-117.
The Role of Natural Progesterone Administration on the Levels of Progesterone-induced Blocking Factor, Interleukin-10 and the Prolongation of Gestational Length in Impending Preterm Delivery
Authors: Thipasary Yanne , Effendi Jusuf Sulaeman , Anwar Anita Deborah 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTProgesterone plays an important role in maintaining pregnancy. The success of pregnancy depends on the balance of immune response between the mother and the fetus. Progesterone regulates the immunological response through progesteroneinduced blocking factor (PIBF) which is synthesized by lymphocytes. Progesterone-induced blocking factor inhibits the production of arachidonic acid, reduced NK cell activity, and modulates the cytokine balance by increasing interleukin-10 (IL-10) level that is produced by Th2. This study aims to determine the roles of natural progesterone administration on PIBF and IL-10 levels and the increase in gestational length.This is an experimental research with pre- and post-test design. Subjects were pregnant women who met the criteria (n = 22). The treatment was done for 7 days. Progesteroneinduced blocking factor and IL-10 levels were measured before and after the administration of natural progesterone and the length of gestation were noted. The study was conducted at Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital within July to December 2013.Results showed that after the administration of natural progesterone, there were increases on PIBF (p = 0.039) and IL-10 levels (p = 0.031). A positive correlation was noted between PIBF and IL-10 levels (r = 0.549; Spearman rank correlation test). There was also positive correlation between PIBF serum level (moderate strength correlation) and the length of gestation (r = 0.428; Point biserial correlation test). Progesterone-induced blocking factor serum level had more influence on the prolongation of the pregnancy compared to IL-10 level (OR: 1.016, 95% CI: 1.001 to 1.03; p = 0.033).Increased levels of PIBF and IL-10 after the administration of natural progesterone on the impending preterm delivery may prolong the gestation. Progesterone-induced blocking factor serum level have more dominant role in prolongation of gestation compared to IL-10.How to cite this articleThipasary Y, Effendi JS, Anwar AD. The Role of Natural Progesterone Administration on the Levels of Progesterone-induced Blocking Factor, Interleukin-10 and the Prolongation of Gestational Length in Impending Preterm Delivery. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2015;7(3):118-125.