bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Endocrines Play an Etiological Role in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Sexual Dysfunctions?
Authors: FICHER MIGUEL , ZUCKERMAN MARVIN , FISHKIN RALPH E. , GOLDMAN ARLENE , NEEB MICHAEL , FINK PAUL J. , COHEN STANLEY N. , JACOBS JOSEPH A. , WEISBERG MARTIN 
Published: December 2015

Sexually dysfunctional diabetic and nondiabetic males were compared with a group of normal controls using different endocrinological, psychophysiological, and psychological parameters. One hundred male subjects participated in this study: 47 diabetics with sexual dysfunction (DD), 31 nondiabetics with sexual dysfunction (NDD), and 22 normal controls (C). They were evaluated by an internist (physical examination and medical history), a psychologist (psychological and sexual functioning tests), a psychiatrist (psychiatric history and mental status examination), a urologist (genitourinary physical examination), and an endocrine biochemist (evaluation of endocrine factors). Additionally, subjects were evaluated for nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) during three nights in the sleep laboratory to obtain a differential diagnosis of impotence, that is, psychogenic vs. organic.Both sexually dysfunctional groups showed significant differences on several measures in the psychological and psychophysiological evaluations. There were also significant differences between these two groups and the control group. Plasma levels of total testosterone and serum levels of prolactin, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) showed no significant differences among the three groups, but there were some significant correlations between the endocrine and psychological measures. No significant correlations were found between the endocrine and psychophysiological measures.
Effects of Ethanol Consumption on the Morphology of the Rat Seminiferous Epithelium
Authors: WEINBERG JOANNE , VOGL A. WAYNE 
Published: December 2015

The effects of ethanol consumption on the morphology of the seminiferous epithelium, with particular emphasis on Sertoli cell ultrastructure, were examined during and following pubertal development. Sprague‐Dawley rats were maintained on chronically high levels of ethanol for 7 weeks beginning at 29 days of age. Animals in Group 1 were fed a liquid diet containing ethanol (36% ethanol‐derived calories) ad libitum. Group 2 animals were paired with animals in Group 1 and fed a liquid control diet in the amount consumed by their ethanol partners (g/kg body wt/day). Animals in Group 3 were fed Purina rodent chow ad libitum. Blood samples were collected at 60 days for determination of plasma testosterone levels. On day 79, each epididymis, the adrenals and the right testis were removed from anesthetized animals and weighed; the left testis was removed and processed for light and electron microscopy.Blood alcohol levels were consistently high throughout the feeding period, averaging 272.6 ± 9.7 mg/100 ml at 1900 hours (1 hour after lights off) and 178.8 ± 20.8 mg/100 ml at 1330 hours. Testosterone levels were lower in ethanol‐consuming animals than in pair‐fed or control subjects. Testis weight was also somewhat reduced in ethanol‐consuming animals; however, when adjusted for body weight, relative testis weights were found to be increased in ethanol and pair‐fed animals. Epididymal weights were reduced in both ethanol and pair‐fed animals. Relative adrenal weights were increased by ethanol.The most dramatic effect of ethanol consumption was on the morphology of the seminiferous tubules. Although intercellular junctions appeared intact in all groups, there was a dramatic increase in lipid at the base of Sertoli cells in alcohol‐fed animals. Lipid was also observed in spermatogenic cells. Pair‐fed animals were similar to controls. Lipid accumulation may be indicative of ethanol‐induced damage to Sertoli cells and/or the associated germ cells.
Dynamic metabolome profiling reveals significant metabolic changes during grain development of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Zhen Shoumin , Dong Kun , Deng Xiong , Zhou Jiaxing , Xu Xuexin , Han Caixia , Zhang Wenying , Xu Yanhao , Wang Zhimin , Yan Yueming 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDMetabolites in wheat grains greatly influence nutritional values. Wheat provides proteins, minerals, B‐group vitamins and dietary fiber to humans. These metabolites are important to human health. However, the metabolome of the grain during the development of bread wheat has not been studied so far. In this work the first dynamic metabolome of the developing grain of the elite Chinese bread wheat cultivar Zhongmai 175 was analyzed, using non‐targeted gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for metabolite profiling.RESULTSIn total, 74 metabolites were identified over the grain developmental stages. Metabolite–metabolite correlation analysis revealed that the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, organic acids, amines and lipids was interrelated. An integrated metabolic map revealed a distinct regulatory profile. The results provide information that can be used by metabolic engineers and molecular breeders to improve wheat grain quality.CONCLUSIONThe present metabolome approach identified dynamic changes in metabolite levels, and correlations among such levels, in developing seeds. The comprehensive metabolic map may be useful when breeding programs seek to improve grain quality. The work highlights the utility of GC/MS‐based metabolomics, in conjunction with univariate and multivariate data analysis, when it is sought to understand metabolic changes in developing seeds. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Conditions for confounding of interactions
Authors: Liu Aihua , Abrahamowicz Michal , Siemiatycki Jack 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPurposePharmaco‐epidemiology increasingly investigates drug–drug or drug–covariate interactions. Yet, conditions for confounding of interactions have not been elucidated. We explored the conditions under which the estimates of interactions in logistic regression are affected by confounding bias.MethodsWe rely on analytical derivations to investigate the conditions and then use simulations to confirm our analytical results and to quantify the impact of selected parameters on the bias of the interaction estimates.ResultsFailure to adjust for a risk factor U results in a biased estimate of the interaction between exposures E1 and E2 on a binary outcome Y if the association between U and E1 varies depending on the value of E2. The resulting confounding bias increases with increase in the following: (i) prevalence of confounder U; (ii) strength of U–Y association; and (iii) heterogeneity in the association of E1 with U across the strata of E2. A variable that is not a confounder for the main effects of E1 and E2 may still act as an important confounder for their interaction.ConclusionsStudies of interactions should attempt to identify—as potential confounders—those risk factors whose associations with one of the exposures in the interaction term may be modified by the other exposure. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Les Acides β‐Méthyl‐p‐Méthoxyhydrocinnamique,P‐Méthoxyphényldiméthylacétique, γ‐p‐Méthoxyphényl‐n‐Valérique et α‐Hydroxy‐α‐Méthyl‐γ‐p‐Méthoxyphényl‐n‐Butyrique
Authors: van der Zanden J. M. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractEn prévision des recherches sur la structure des polymères du méthylchavicole, CH3O ·. C6H4· CH2CH: CH21) et de ceux de l'anéthole, CH3O · C6H4· CH: CH · CH22), nous avons pensé qu'il était utile de connaître les substances mentionnées ci‐dessus. C'est pourquoi nous les avons synthétisées.
Crystal and molecular structure of N‐acetyl N‐hydroxy α‐amino acids
Authors: Busetti V. , Ottenheijm H. C. J. , Zeegers H. J. M. , Ajò D. , Casarin M. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe crystal and molecular structures of racemic (DL) N‐acetyl‐N‐hydroxyvaline and 2‐(N‐acetyl‐N‐hydroxyamino)butyric acid have been determined from three‐dimensional X‐ray data. The crystals of both compounds are monoclinic, space group P21/a.The molecular conformation of these amino acid derivatives is similar, as far as the Φ torsion angle is concerned, but the ψ values are significantly different. In the crystal structures of both compounds, two series of intermolecular hydrogen bonds (HB's) are present: NOH…O  COH HB's link the N‐hydroxy and carboxylic groups, while OCOH…OCN HB's link the carboxylic and N‐hydroxyamidic groups.
Hetero‐metallic clusters. Synthesis and characterization of [PtAu8 (PPh3)8] (NO3)2 and [HPtAu7(PPh3)8](NO3)2
Authors: Bour J. J. , Kanters R. P. F. , Schlebos P. P. J. , Bosman W. P. , Behm H. , Beurskens P. T. , Steggerda J. J. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTwo new mixed Pt‐Au cluster compounds are reported. In PtAu8(PPh3)82+ a central Pt is surrounded by 8 Au atoms, each of which is bonded to a phosphine. This cluster ion can be reduced in two reversible steps to the +1 ion and the neutral state respectively. In HPtAu7(PPh3)82+ all the metal atoms are bonded to a phosphine and the Pt also to a hydride. These clusters can be interconverted in simple reactions.
Further results on finite‐time consensus of second‐order multi‐agent systems without velocity measurements
Authors: Liu Xiaoyang , Chen Michael Z. Q. , Du Haibo , Yang Shaofu 
Published: December 2015

SummaryThis paper investigates the problem of finite‐time consensus (FTC) for second‐order nonlinear multi‐agent systems when the velocity information is unavailable. Based on the global finite‐time stability theory and homogeneity with dilation, a class of novel finite‐time consensus protocols are proposed for the multi‐agent systems. The protocol design is divided into two parts. First, when all the state information of the agents are measurable, a new continuous state feedback is designed to achieve FTC. Then, when the velocity information is unmeasurable, two finite‐time convergent discontinuous observers are presented to estimate the velocities of the followers and the leader, respectively, which further ensure the final FTC for the multi‐agent systems. Finally, one example is given to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Factors Affecting Hospital Mortality in Patients with Esophagogastric Anastomotic Leak: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Bin , Xiang Jiaqing , Zhang Yawei , Hu Hong , Sun Yihua , Chen Haiquan 
Published: December 2015

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to clarify the association between anastomotic leak and leak‐associated mortality to assist decision‐making and reduce hospital mortality.BackgroundAnastomotic leak is a common complication after esophagectomy, but the nature of its relationship to leak‐associated mortality has not been established.MethodsA retrospective review of all esophagogastric anastomotic leaks that had occurred between 2008 and 2012 at our institution (n = 246) was performed. Risk factors for leak‐associated mortality were determined using a multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsOf the 246 patients with anastomotic leaks, 14 (5.7 %) died. Leak‐associated mortality rates were similar regardless of anastomosis location (cervical vs. thoracic anastomosis), surgical approaches (retrosternal vs. prevertebral reconstruction route) and anastomotic techniques (hand‐sewn vs. mechanical anastomosis). When a leak occurred, risk factors for leak‐associated mortality as determined by multivariate logistic analysis included patient age >60 years (P = 0.029) and the occurrence of the leak within 1 week of surgery (P = 0.039). When disease worsened after treatment, leak‐associated mortality was more frequent in patients requiring reintubation (25.6 vs. 1.4 %, P < 0.001). Fatal bleeding and sepsis were the most common causes of leak‐associated mortality.ConclusionIn patients with anastomotic leaks, patient age >60 years and the occurrence of the leak within 1 week of surgery were risk factors for leak‐associated mortality. Increased efforts to reduce the incidence of early anastomotic leaks within 1 week after surgery and prevent the need for reintubation are important for improving patient prognosis.
Evaluation of the First Year of National Reporting on a New Healthcare Personnel Influenza Vaccination Performance Measure by US Hospitals
Authors: Dolan Samantha B. , Kalayil Elizabeth J. , Lindley Megan C. , Ahmed Faruque 
Published: December 2015

One thousand hospitals were surveyed on a new measure of healthcare personnel influenza vaccination for the 2012–2013 influenza season. Facilities found it easier to collect data on employees than nonemployees; larger facilities reported more challenges than smaller facilities. Barriers may decrease over time as facilities become accustomed to the measure.Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2016;37(2):222–225
Evaluation of a pilot interprofessional education programme for eating disorder training in mental health services
Authors: McDevitt S. , Passi V. 
Published: December 2015

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of an Interprofessional Education (IPE) programme in eating disorders for mental health practitioners using a case-based learning approach.MethodsA total of 25 mental health clinicians were asked to evaluate their IPE programme as part of training for the National Clinical Programme in Eating Disorders. They completed a Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS), a learner reaction questionnaire after each session and a final open evaluation at 4 months. Non-parametric statistical analysis was employed to analyse learner attitudes and reactions, and qualitative information was coded.ResultsA total of 23 (92%) clinicians from five disciplines participated. Baseline attitudes towards IPE were positive on all RIPLS subscales, and those with prior IPE experience had most positive views as to its benefits for teamwork and patient care (p=0.036). Learner reactions on content, delivery, outcome and structure indicated that individual learning experience was strongly positively endorsed. Change in clinical practice behaviour was reported in terms of communication, clinical activity, outcome evaluation and confidence. Barriers included other demands on time, organisational support, not having enough patients or co-workers to practice skills, and knowledge differentials between learners.ConclusionsIPE using a case based learning approach is an effective and acceptable means of developing specialist training across existing service, team and professional boundaries. It has potential for positive impact on knowledge, clinical behaviour and service delivery. Recommendations include the introduction of IPE group guidelines, wider circulation of learning points and content, and the use of self-competency ratings and reflective logs.
Hunting Gravitational Waves with Multi-Messenger Counterparts: Australia’s Role
Authors: Howell E. J. , Rowlinson A. , Coward D. M. , Lasky P. D. , Kaplan D. L. , Thrane E. , Rowell G. , Galloway D. K. , Yuan Fang , Dodson R. , Murphy T. , Hill G. C. , Andreoni I. , Spitler L. , Horton A. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe first observations by a worldwide network of advanced interferometric gravitational wave detectors offer a unique opportunity for the astronomical community. At design sensitivity, these facilities will be able to detect coalescing binary neutron stars to distances approaching 400 Mpc, and neutron star–black hole systems to 1 Gpc. Both of these sources are associated with gamma-ray bursts which are known to emit across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Gravitational wave detections provide the opportunity for ‘multi-messenger’ observations, combining gravitational wave with electromagnetic, cosmic ray, or neutrino observations. This review provides an overview of how Australian astronomical facilities and collaborations with the gravitational wave community can contribute to this new era of discovery, via contemporaneous follow-up observations from the radio to the optical and high energy. We discuss some of the frontier discoveries that will be made possible when this new window to the Universe is opened.
Simultaneous cochlear implantation and labyrinthectomy for advanced Ménière's disease
Authors: Heywood R L , Atlas M D 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackground:Patients with Ménière's disease can develop unaidable sensorineural hearing loss. Cochlear implantation has recently been utilised in this group with favourable results. A more challenging group are those with intractable vertigo, and they have traditionally posed a significant management dilemma.Case report:Two female patients with unaidable hearing and recurrent incapacitating vertigo attacks despite conservative management underwent simultaneous labyrinthectomy and cochlear implantation. There was complete resolution of vertigo in both patients. Speech perception in quiet conditions and the ability to hear in background noise improved considerably.Conclusion:Surgical labyrinthectomy is effective for the elimination of vertigo in Ménière's disease patients. The major disadvantage in the past was loss of residual hearing. Cochlear implantation is now an option in these patients. The benefits of simultaneous labyrinthectomy with cochlear implantation include the prevention of implantation of a fibrosed or ossified cochlea, a decrease in the duration of deafness, and a single operative procedure.
Anglo-American development, the Euromarkets, and the deeper origins of neoliberal deregulation
Authors: Green Jeremy 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis article challenges existing accounts of the development of the Euromarkets by arguing that their emergence constituted the foundational moment in the advent of a postwar Anglo-American developmental field. The account contends the notion of a postwar order shaped predominantly by the outward expansion of American financial power, by deprivileging the exclusivity of American power and arguing that co-constitutive Anglo-American developmental processes were the generative force that produced the Euromarkets. Drawing upon new archival material, the article suggests that an Anglo-American developmental sphere, in which Britain continued to play a crucial but subordinate role, was key to the unfolding of postwar financial globalisation. The Anglo-American developmental processes occasioned by the Euromarkets gave rise to a ‘transatlantic regulatory feedback loop’ that stimulated deregulation on both sides of the Atlantic and placed Anglo-American capitalist interdependence at the centre of the politics of globalisation. The deeper origins of financial deregulation lie in the transformation of Anglo-American finance during the 1960s.
Teaching types with a cognitively effective worked example format
Authors: TIRRONEN VILLE , ISOMÖTTÖNEN VILLE 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTeaching functional programming as a second programming paradigm is often difficult as students can have strong preconceptions about programming. When most of these preconceived ideas fail to be confirmed, functional programming may be seen as an unnecessarily difficult topic. A typical topic that causes such difficulties is the language of types employed by many modern functional languages. In this paper, we focus on addressing this difficulty through the use of step-by-step calculations of type expressions. The outcome of the study is an elaboration of a worked example format and a methodical approach for teaching types to beginner functional programmers.
The transcriptional coregulator PGC-1β controls mitochondrial function and anti-oxidant defence in skeletal muscles
Authors: Gali Ramamoorthy Thanuja , Laverny Gilles , Schlagowski Anna-Isabel , Zoll Joffrey , Messaddeq Nadia , Bornert Jean-Marc , Panza Salvatore , Ferry Arnaud , Geny Bernard , Metzger Daniel 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe transcriptional coregulators PGC-1α and PGC-1β modulate the expression of numerous partially overlapping genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and energetic metabolism. The physiological role of PGC-1β is poorly understood in skeletal muscle, a tissue of high mitochondrial content to produce ATP levels required for sustained contractions. Here we determine the physiological role of PGC-1β in skeletal muscle using mice, in which PGC-1β is selectively ablated in skeletal myofibres at adulthood (PGC-1β(i)skm−/−mice). We show that myofibre myosin heavy chain composition and mitochondrial number, muscle strength and glucose homeostasis are unaffected in PGC-1β(i)skm−/−mice. However, decreased expression of genes controlling mitochondrial protein import, translational machinery and energy metabolism in PGC-1β(i)skm−/−muscles leads to mitochondrial structural and functional abnormalities, impaired muscle oxidative capacity and reduced exercise performance. Moreover, enhanced free-radical leak and reduced expression of the mitochondrial anti-oxidant enzyme Sod2 increase muscle oxidative stress. PGC-1β is therefore instrumental for skeletal muscles to cope with high energetic demands.
Giant barocaloric effect in hexagonal Ni2In-type Mn-Co-Ge-In compounds around room temperature
Authors: Wu Rong-Rong , Bao Li-Fu , Hu Feng-Xia , Wu Hui , Huang Qing-Zhen , Wang Jing , Dong Xiao-Li , Li Guan-Nan , Sun Ji-Rong , Shen Fei-Ran , Zhao Tong-Yun , Zheng Xin-Qi , Wang Li-Chen , Liu Yao , Zuo Wen-Liang , Zhao Ying-Ying , Zhang Ming , Wang Xian-Cheng , Jin Chang-Qing , Rao Guang-Hui , Han Xiu-Feng , Shen Bao-Gen 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe most widespread cooling techniques based on gas compression/expansion encounter environmental problems. Thus, tremendous effort has been dedicated to develop alternative cooling technique and search for solid state materials that show large caloric effects. An application of pressure to a material can cause a change in temperature, which is called the barocaloric effect. Here we report the giant barocaloric effect in a hexagonal Ni2In-type MnCoGe0.99In0.01 compound involving magnetostructural transformation, Tmstr, which is accompanied with a big difference in the internal energy due to a great negative lattice expansion(ΔV/V ~ 3.9%). High resolution neutron diffraction experiments reveal that the hydrostatic pressure can push the Tmstr to a lower temperature at a rate of 7.7 K/kbar, resulting in a giant barocaloric effect. The entropy change under a moderate pressure of 3 kbar reaches 52 Jkg−1K−1, which exceeds that of most materials, including the reported giant magnetocaloric effect driven by 5 T magnetic field that is available only by superconducting magnets.
Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is associated with heavy metal exposure in welding workers
Authors: Chuang Kai-Jen , Pan Chih-Hong , Su Chien-Ling , Lai Ching-Huang , Lin Wen-Yi , Ma Chih-Ming , Ho Shu-Chuan , Bien Mauo-Ying , Chen Cheng-Hsien , Chuang Hsiao-Chi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractMetals cause nephrotoxicity with acute and/or chronic exposure; however, few epidemiological studies have examined impacts of exposure to metal fumes on renal injury in welding workers. In total, 66 welding workers and 12 office workers were recruited from a shipyard located in southern Taiwan. Urine samples from each subject were collected at the beginning (baseline) and end of the work week (1-week exposure). Personal exposure to PM2.5 was measured. The 8-h mean PM2.5 was 50.3 μg/m3 for welding workers and 27.4 μg/m3 for office workers. iTRAQs coupled with LC-MS/MS were used to discover the pathways in response to welding PM2.5 in the urine, suggesting that extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interactions are a critical mechanism. ECM-receptor interaction-related biomarkers for renal injury, kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), were significantly elevated in welding workers post-exposure, as well as were urinary Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni levels. NGAL was more significantly associated with Al (r = 0.737, p < 0.001), Cr (r = 0.705, p < 0.001), Fe (r = 0.709, p < 0.001) and Ni (r = 0.657, p < 0.001) than was KIM-1, suggesting that NGAL may be a urinary biomarker for welding PM2.5 exposure. Nephrotoxicity (e.g., renal tubular injury) may be an emerging concern in occupational health.