bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome‐wide proteomics analysis on longissimus muscles in Qinchuan beef cattle
Authors: He Hua , Chen Si , Liang Wei , Liu Xiaolin 
Published: September 2016

SummaryTo gain further insight into the molecular mechanism of bovine muscle development, we combined mass spectrometry characterization of proteins with Illumina deep sequencing of RNAs obtained from bovine longissimus muscle (LD) at prenatal and postnatal stages. For the proteomic study, each group of LD proteins was extracted and labeled using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) method. Among the 1321 proteins identified from six samples, 390 proteins were differentially expressed in embryos at day 135 post‐fertilization (Emb135d) vs. 30‐month‐old adult cattle (Emb135d vs. 30M) samples. Gene Ontology, Cluster of Orthologous Groups and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were further conducted to better understand the different functions. Furthermore, we analyzed the relationship between transcript and protein regulation between samples by direct comparison of expression levels from transcriptomic and iTRAQ‐based proteomics. Association results indicated that 1295 of 1321 proteins could be mapped to transcriptome sequencing data. This study provides the most comprehensive, targeted survey of bovine LD proteins to date and has shown the power of combining transcriptomic and proteomic approaches to provide molecular insights for understanding the developmental characteristics in bovine muscle, and even in other mammals.
Trends in pathology and long‐term outcomes after resection of colorectal cancer: 1971–2013
Authors: Dent Owen F. , Newland Ronald C. , Chan Charles , Bokey Les , Chapuis Pierre H. 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to describe temporal trends in tumour pathology and long‐term outcomes in 5217 patients recorded in a registry of colorectal cancer resections initiated at Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia, in 1971.MethodsThis report is based on consecutive resections up to December 2013, with no exclusions. Categories in variables examined were expressed as percentages over annual totals of relevant patients or annual mean values. The statistical significance of temporal trends was examined by least squares regression.ResultsThe percentages of patients with local spread beyond the muscularis propria, nodal metastasis, distant metastasis and tumour in a line of resection all declined significantly. In consequence, the percentage of stage D patients fell, whereas the percentage in stage A rose. Other tumour variables that increased significantly were polypoid morphology, contiguous adenoma and invasion of a free serosal surface. Tumours in which an adherent adjacent structure was partly or completely removed also increased. There were significant declines in high‐grade malignancy, venous invasion and tumour size. The recurrence rate for rectal cancers declined significantly, whereas for rectal and colonic cancers combined, both the overall 5‐year survival rate and the 5‐year cancer‐specific survival rate increased markedly.ConclusionThese results show a reduction in adverse pathology findings and favourable trends in recurrence and survival after colorectal cancer resections in a high‐incidence country over a period of 43 years.
Human papillomavirus and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a New Zealand cohort study
Authors: Ou Peter , Gear Kim , Rahnama Fahimeh , Thomas Stephen , Nagappan Radhika , Kee Dennis , Waldvogel‐Thurlow Sharon , Jain Ravi , McIvor Nick , Izzard Mark , Douglas Richard 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV)‐related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) are clinically, epidemiologically and prognostically distinct from other OPSCCs. The incidence of HPV‐related OPSCCs has increased significantly worldwide over the past few decades. However, no studies of OPSCC with direct molecular HPV testing has been conducted in New Zealand.AimsTo estimate the proportion of OPSCCs attributable to HPV infections in a New Zealand population with a validated HPV testing algorithm.Methods
HPV‐status was determined by p16 immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of both L1 and E6/7 genes on 55 OPSCCs diagnosed in 2010 and 2011 in Central and South Auckland. Baseline and survival analyses were performed according to HPV status.ResultsForty‐one (75%) of OPSCC tumours had HPV infections. There was 98% concordance between p16 immunohistochemistry and real‐time E6/E7 PCR. After a median follow‐up period of 2.6 years, patients with OPSCC of HPV aetiology had more favourable outcomes compared to patients with HPV‐negative OPSCC (hazard ratio 0.14, P = 0.02) after adjustment for other variables.ConclusionThis study highlights the significant role that HPV plays in the aetiology of OPSCC in New Zealand, and confirms the high rate of accuracy of p16 immunostaining.
Surgical capacity building in Timor‐Leste: a review of the first 15 years of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons‐led Australian Aid programme
Authors: Guest Glenn D. , Scott David F. , Xavier Joao P. , Martins Nelson , Vreede Eric , Chennal Antony , Moss Daliah , Watters David A. 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundTimor‐Leste suffered a destructive withdrawal by the Indonesian military in 1999, leaving only 20 Timorese‐based doctors and no practising specialists for a population of 700 000 that has now grown to 1.2 million.MethodsThis article assesses the outcomes and impact of Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS) specialist medical support from 2001 to 2015. Three programmes were designed collaboratively with the Timor‐Leste Ministry of Health and Australian Aid. The RACS team began to provide 24/7 resident surgical and anaesthesia services in the capital, Dili, from July 2001. The arrival of the Chinese and Cuban Medical Teams provided a medical workforce, and the Cubans initiated undergraduate medical training for about 1000 nationals both in Cuba and in Timor‐Leste, whilst RACS focused on specialist medical training.ResultsAustralian Aid provided AUD$20 million through three continuous programmes over 15 years. In the first 10 years over 10 000 operations were performed. Initially only 10% of operations were done by trainees but this reached 77% by 2010. Twenty‐one nurse anaesthetists were trained in‐country, sufficient to cover the needs of each hospital. Seven Timorese doctors gained specialist qualifications (five surgery, one ophthalmology and one anaesthesia) from regional medical schools in Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Indonesia and Malaysia. They introduced local specialist and family medicine diploma programmes for the Cuban graduates.ConclusionsTimor‐Leste has developed increasing levels of surgical and anaesthetic self‐sufficiency through multi‐level collaboration between the Ministry of Health, Universidade Nacional de Timor Lorosa'e, and sustained, consistent support from external donors including Australian Aid, Cuba and RACS.
Trends in short‐term outcomes after resection of colorectal cancer: 1971–2013
Authors: Dent Owen F. , Bokey Les , Chapuis Pierre H. , Chan Charles , Newland Ronald C. 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to describe temporal trends in presentation, surgical management and immediate postoperative outcomes in patients recorded in a registry of colorectal cancer resections that was initiated at Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia, in 1971. A companion paper describes tumour pathology and long‐term recurrence and survival.MethodsThis report is based on 5217 consecutive resections up to 2013, with no exclusions. Categories in variables examined were expressed as percentages over annual totals of relevant patients or annual mean values. The statistical significance of trends was examined by least squares regression.ResultsThe percentage of asymptomatic patients increased over time, whereas urgent presentations declined. Tumour size declined. The percentage of rectal cancers fell but the percentage of low rectal tumours rose. Initially, restorative rectal resections increased rapidly but later remained stable. There was no trend in medical complications, whereas surgical complications declined. Anastomotic leakage after restorative rectal resections declined but it was low and stable for colonic tumours. The rate of early reoperation remained stable, whereas 30‐day mortality declined. Neoadjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer and adjuvant chemotherapy for stages B and C were introduced in 1992 and applied increasingly thereafter.ConclusionOur findings, based on a 43‐year prospective study, indicate sustained trends towards the earlier diagnosis of colorectal cancer and favourable short‐term outcomes following bowel resection.
Plasma Skimming in a Spiral Groove Bearing of a Centrifugal Blood Pump
Authors: Murashige Tomotaka , Sakota Daisuke , Kosaka Ryo , Nishida Masahiro , Kawaguchi Yasuo , Yamane Takashi , Maruyama Osamu 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPlasma skimming is a phenomenon in which discharge hematocrit is lower than feed hematocrit in microvessels. Plasma skimming has been investigated at a bearing gap in a spiral groove bearing (SGB), as this has the potential to prevent hemolysis in the SGB of a blood pump. However, it is not clear whether plasma skimming occurs in a blood pump with the SGB, because the hematocrit has not been obtained. The purpose of this study is to verify plasma skimming in an SGB of a centrifugal blood pump by developing a hematocrit measurement method in an SGB. Erythrocyte observation using a high‐speed microscope and a bearing gap measurement using a laser confocal displacement meter was performed five times. In these tests, bovine blood as a working fluid was diluted with autologous plasma to adjust the hematocrit to 1.0%. A resistor was adjusted to achieve a pressure head of 100 mm Hg and a flow rate of 5.0 L/min at a rotational speed of 2800 rpm. Hematocrit on the ridge region in the SGB was measured using an image analysis based on motion image of erythrocytes, mean corpuscular volume, the measured bearing gap, and a cross‐sectional area of erythrocyte. Mean hematocrit on the ridge region in the SGB was linearly reduced from 0.97 to 0.07% with the decreasing mean bearing gap from 38 to 21 μm when the rotational speed was changed from 2250 to 3000 rpm. A maximum plasma skimming efficiency of 93% was obtained with a gap of 21 μm. In conclusion, we succeeded in measuring the hematocrit on the ridge region in the SGB of the blood pump. Hematocrit decreased on the ridge region in the SGB and plasma skimming occurred with a bearing gap of less than 30 μm in the hydrodynamically levitated centrifugal blood pump.
Impella 5.0 as a Second‐Line Mechanical Circulatory Support Strategy After Extracorporeal Life Support
Authors: Schibilsky David , Kruger Tobias , Lausberg Henning F. , Eisenlohr Christoph , Haller Christoph , Nemeth Attila , Schibilsky Barbara , Haeberle Helene , Rosenberger Peter , Walker Tobias , Schlensak Christian 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe catheter‐based Impella 5.0 left ventricular assist device is a powerful and less invasive alternative for patients in cardiogenic shock. The use as second‐line therapy in patients with precedent extracorporeal life support (ECLS) has not been described before now. We analyzed our experience of consecutive patients treated with this alternative strategy. From April 2014 to December 2014, eight patients had been implanted as a second‐line option after ECLS support. The reason for the change from ECLS to Impella 5.0 was absence of cardiac recovery for primary weaning and complications of ECLS therapy. The mean time of ECLS support prior to Impella implantation was 12 ± 7 days. The implantation of the Impella 5.0/CP was technically successful in all patients, and the ECLS could be explanted in all eight patients who received Impella implantation as a second‐line treatment. The second‐line Impella 5.0 therapy resulted in two patients who turned into left ventricular assist device (LVAD) candidates, two primary weaning candidates, and four patients who died in the setting of sepsis or absent cardiac recovery and contraindications for durable LVAD therapy. Thereby, the overall hospital discharge survival as well as the 180‐day survival was 50% for Impella 5.0 implantations as second‐line procedure after ECLS. The latest follow‐up survival of this second‐line strategy after ECLS was three out of eight, as one patient died after 299 days of LVAD support due to sepsis. The use of Impella 5.0 constitutes a possible second‐line therapeutic option for those patients who do not show cardiac recovery during prolonged ECLS support or suffer from complications of ECLS therapy. This treatment allows additional time for decisions regarding cardiac recovery or indication for durable LVAD therapy.
Surgical outcomes of lamellar macular holes with and without lamellar hole‐associated epiretinal proliferation
Authors: Ko Jaesang , Kim Gyu Ah , Lee Sung Chul , Lee Jihwan , Koh Hyoung Jun , Kim Sung Soo , Byeon Suk Ho , Lee Christopher Seungkyu 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPurposeTo report the clinical findings and surgical outcomes of lamellar macular holes (LMHs) with and without lamellar hole‐associated epiretinal proliferation (LHEP).MethodsA retrospective review was performed of 73 eyes of 73 patients who underwent vitrectomy for LMH. Patients were grouped according to the presence of LHEP on preoperative spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT). Postoperative best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and OCT features were compared between LMH patients with and without LHEP.ResultsLamellar hole‐associated epiretinal proliferation (LHEP) was found in 15 of 73 eyes with LMHs (20.5%). The mean age was 65.0 years. The mean follow‐up duration was 21.5 months. Preoperatively, eyes with LHEP were characterized by a greater hole diameter (p = 0.007), thinner fovea (p = 0.002) and greater incidence of outer retinal disruption (p < 0.001). Best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) significantly improved after surgery in eyes without LHEP (p < 0.001), but showed no change in eyes with LHEP (p = 0.185). Initial BCVA was not different between the two groups; however, final BCVA was better in eyes without LHEP (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) BCVA, 0.10 ± 0.10 versus 0.33 ± 0.40, p = 0.003). OCT evaluations of postoperative foveal configurations showed no difference between the two groups (p = 0.171). No case developed a full‐thickness macular hole after surgery.ConclusionThere was no visual benefit after surgery in LMH patients with LHEP. Different surgical indications for LMHs may be warranted based on the presence of LHEP‐associated pathology.
Plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids are directly associated with cognition in overweight children but not in normal weight children
Authors: Haapala EA , Viitasalo A , Venäläinen T , Eloranta A‐M , Ågren J , Lindi V , Lakka TA 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimPolyunsaturated fatty acids are essential nutrients for the normal development of the brain. We investigated the associations between plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognition in normal weight and overweight children.MethodsThe study recruited 386 normal weight children and 58 overweight children aged six to eight years and blood samples were drawn after a 12‐hour fast. We assessed plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids using gas chromatography, cognition using Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices, and overweight and obesity using the age‐specific and sex‐specific cut‐offs from the International Obesity Task Force. The data were analysed by linear regression analyses adjusted for age and sex.ResultsHigher proportions of eicosapentaenoic acid in plasma triacylglycerols (β = 0.311, p = 0.020, p = 0.029 for interaction) and docosahexaenoic acid in plasma triacylglycerols (β = 0.281, p = 0.038, p = 0.049 for interaction) were both associated with higher Raven's scores in overweight children but not in normal weight children. Higher eicosapentaenoic acid to arachidonic acid ratios in triacylglycerols (β = 0.317, p = 0.019) and phospholipids (β = 0.273, p = 0.046) were directly associated with the Raven's score in overweight children but not in normal weight children.ConclusionThese findings suggest that increasing the consumption of fish and other sources of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid may improve cognition among overweight children.
Practice of skin‐to‐skin contact, exclusive breastfeeding and other newborn care interventions in Ethiopia following promotion by facility and community health workers: results from a prospective outcome evaluation
Authors: Callaghan‐Koru Jennifer A. , Estifanos Abiy Seifu , Sheferaw Ephrem Daniel , de Graft‐Johnson Joseph , Rosado Carina , Patton‐Molitors Rachel , Worku Bogale , Rawlins Barbara , Baqui Abdullah 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimTo assess the effects of a facility and community newborn intervention package on coverage of early skin‐to‐skin contact (SSC) and exclusive breastfeeding – the therapeutic components of kangaroo mother care.MethodsA multilevel community and facility intervention in Ethiopia trained health workers in 10 health centres and the surrounding communities to promote early SSC and exclusive breastfeeding for all babies born at home or in the facility. Changes in SSC and exclusive breastfeeding were assessed by comparing baseline and endline household surveys.ResultsOverall practice of SSC at any time following delivery increased significantly from 13.1 to 44.1% of mothers. Coverage of immediate SSC also increased significantly from 8.4 to 24.1%. Breastfeeding within the first hour increased from 51.4 to 67.9% and exclusive breastfeeding within the first three days increased from 86 to 95.8%. At endline, SSC was significantly higher among facility births than home births and community health workers had limited contact with mothers.ConclusionWhile targeted behaviours improved overall, the programme did not achieve adequate increases in SSC and exclusive breastfeeding among home deliveries to expect a reduction in mortality for low birthweight babies. Newborn care programs in Ethiopia should continue to encourage facility delivery while strengthening coverage of community programmes.
fMRI brain activation changes following treatment of a first bipolar manic episode
Authors: Strakowski Stephen M , Fleck David E , Welge Jeffrey , Eliassen James C , Norris Matthew , Durling Michelle , Komoroski Richard A , Chu Wen‐Jang , Weber Wade , Dudley Jonathan A , Blom Thomas J , Stover Amanda , Klein Christina , Strawn Jeffrey R , DelBello Melissa P , Lee Jing‐Huei , Adler Caleb M 
Published: September 2016

ObjectivesWe tested the hypothesis that, with treatment, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) regional brain activation in first‐episode mania would normalize – i.e., that differences from healthy subjects would diminish over time, and would be associated with clinical remission status, potentially identifying neuroanatomic treatment response markers.MethodsForty‐two participants with bipolar I disorder were recruited during their first manic episode, pseudo‐randomized to open‐label lithium or quetiapine, and followed for 8 weeks. fMRI scans were obtained at baseline and then after 1 and 8 weeks of treatment, while participants performed a continuous performance task with emotional distracters. Healthy participants received fMRI scans at these same intervals. Specific region‐of‐interest (ROI) activations within prefrontal emotional networks were assessed as potential measures of treatment response.ResultsROI data were reduced using exploratory factor analysis, which identified five factors that were organizationally consistent with functional anatomic models of human emotion modulation. Half of the participants with bipolar disorder achieved remission by Week 8 and were contrasted with the other half that did not. Analyses demonstrated that, in the bipolar disorder group in general, treatment led to decreases in activation across brain regions toward healthy subject values. However, differences in activation changes were observed between subjects with bipolar disorder who did or did not achieve remission in subcortical and amygdala factors.ConclusionsThese findings provide evidence for potential neuroanatomic treatment response markers in first‐episode bipolar disorder.
Fashion students choose how to learn by constructing videos of pattern making
Authors: Cavanagh Michaella , Peté Marí 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis paper analyses new learning experiences of first year pattern technology students at a university of technology, in the context of selected characteristics of authentic learning theories. The paper contributes to existing knowledge by proposing a method that could be followed for design‐based subjects in a vocational education setting. Students were competent when replicating demonstrated pattern making procedures, but struggled to transfer knowledge to different situations. Therefore, a project asked students to create their own pattern‐making video tutorials in an effort to deepen authentic learning. Examining the learning activity and its results through action research reflection, the lecturer recognised authentic learning characteristics. For example, students grasped the work, displaying a range of original responses that presented more than one correct answer. By creating their own practice‐based content, students were able to learn more in the same period, compared to other cohorts in past years. Students were better equipped to utilise this knowledge in later projects and tests, demonstrating deeper understanding and knowledge transfer to other environments. Ultimately active knowledge production deepened learners' motivation, engagement in the learning process, and increased performance.
Synchronous pattern of moisture availability on the southern Tibetan Plateau since 17.5 cal. ka BP – the Tangra Yumco lake sediment record
Authors: Ahlborn Marieke , Haberzettl Torsten , Wang Junbo , Henkel Karoline , Kasper Thomas , Daut Gerhard , Zhu Liping , Mäusbacher Roland 
Published: September 2016

A possible asynchronicity of the spatial and temporal moisture availability on the Tibetan Plateau has been a controversial subject of discussion in recent years. Here we present the first attempt to systematically investigate possible spatial and temporal variations in moisture availability by examining two lakes, Tangra Yumco and Nam Co, on an east–west transect on the southern Tibetan Plateau using identical proxies for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. In this study, an independent record from Tangra Yumco was analysed applying a multi‐proxy approach to reconstruct variations in moisture availability since the Lateglacial. Results were subsequently compared with previously published records from Nam Co and additional records from Tso Moriri (northwestern Himalaya) and Naleng Co (southeastern Tibetan Plateau). Our results show that Tangra Yumco was at least partially ice covered prior to 17.1 cal. ka BP. A temperature rise after 17.1 cal. ka BP probably resulted in thawing of the permafrost. At 16.0 cal. ka BP moisture availability increased, representing an initial monsoonal intensification. Warmer conditions between 13.0 and 12.4 cal. ka BP and cooler conditions between 12.4 cal. ka BP and the onset of the Holocene reflect the Bølling‐Allerød and Younger Dryas. At the onset of the Holocene moisture availability rapidly increased, with moisture highest prior to 8.5 cal. ka BP when temperatures were also highest. After 8.5 cal. ka BP the moisture availability gradually decreased and showed only minor amplitude variations. These findings are consistent with the records from large lakes like Nam Co, Tso Moriri, and Naleng Co, revealing a synchronous pattern of moisture availability on the southern Tibetan Plateau.