bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“It was like leaving your family”: Gentrification and the impacts of displacement on public housing tenants in inner‐Sydney
Authors: Morris Alan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn March 2014, the minister responsible announced that all of the approximately 600 public housing tenants of Millers Point and the Sirius Building in inner Sydney are to be moved and the properties sold. Millers Point is probably the oldest public housing area in Australia. The Sirius Building was purpose built for public housing tenants in the late 1970s. The article briefly examines the gentrification process in the Millers Point area. However, the main focus, drawing on six in‐depth interviews with public housing tenants who are still residents in the area and 13 who have moved, is an examination of the impact of the government's removal announcement and the actual displacement of residents. What this article illustrates is that the place attachment of most of the interviewees was profound and the removal announcement and the actual move were devastating. Interviewees spoke of deep sadness and anxiety at the thought of leaving what they considered a unique and genuine community. Residents who had moved told of their isolation and melancholy at having lost their local social network. The research shows that the human cost of policies and not revenue should always be the central consideration.
Seventeen‐Coordinate Actinide Helium Complexes
Authors: Kaltsoyannis Nikolas 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe geometries and electronic structures of molecular ions featuring He atoms complexed to actinide cations are explored computationally using density functional and coupled cluster theories. A new record coordination number is established, as AcHe173+, ThHe174+, and PaHe174+are all found to be true geometric minima, with the He atoms clearly located in the first shell around the actinide. Analysis of AcHen3+(n=1–17) using the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) confirms these systems as having closed shell, charge‐induced dipole bonding. Excellent correlations (R2>0.95) are found between QTAIM metrics (bond critical point electron densities and delocalization indices) and the average Ac−He distances, and also with the incremental He binding energies.
AibA/AibB induziert eine intramolekulare Decarboxylierung in der De‐novo‐Biosynthese von Isovalerat aus Myxococcus xanthus
Authors: Bock Tobias , Luxenburger Eva , Hoffmann Judith , Schütza Vlad , Feiler Christian , Müller Rolf , Blankenfeldt Wulf 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIsovaleryl‐Coenzym A (IV‐CoA) ist eine wichtige Vorstufe für Isofettsäuren und Lipide, die in Myxobakterien essentiell für die Entwicklung sind. Myxobakterien können IV‐CoA aus Acetyl‐CoA über eine alternative IV‐CoA‐Biosynthese (aib) herstellen. Die zentrale Reaktion in aib wird durch die kofaktorfreie Decarboxylase AibA/AibB katalysiert. Wir entwickelten ein effizientes Expressionssystem für AibA/AibB, das die Bestimmung hochaufgelöster Kristallstrukturen im Komplex mit verschiedenen Liganden ermöglichte. Durch Mutation zeigen wir, dass ein Cystein, das als katalytisch wichtig beschrieben wurde, für die enzymatische Aktivität nicht benötigt wird. Stattdessen scheint AibA/AibB eine intramolekulare Decarboxylierung zu induzieren, indem es das Substrat in eine gebogene Konformation in der hydrophoben Tasche zwingt. Da AibA/AibB in der Produktion von Isobuten, einem Vorläufer für Biotreibstoff, eingesetzt werden könnte, eröffnet unsere Arbeit neue Wege in der synthetischen Biologie.
Photocatalytic Self‐Doped SnO2−x Nanocrystals Drive Visible‐Light‐Responsive Color Switching
Authors: Han Dan , Jiang Baolai , Feng Ji , Yin Yadong , Wang Wenshou 
Published: May 2017

AbstractVisible‐light‐responsive reversible color‐switching systems are attractive to many applications because visible light has superior penetration and causes far less damage to organic molecules than UV. Herein, we report that self‐doping of SnO2−x nanocrystals with Sn2+ red‐shifts their absorption to the visible region and simultaneously produces oxygen vacancies, which can effectively scavenge photogenerated holes and thus enable the color switching of redox dyes using visible light. Wavelength‐selective switching can also be achieved by coupling the photocatalytic activity of the SnO2−x NCs with the color‐switching kinetics of different redox dyes. The fast light response enables the further fabrication of a solid film that can be repeatedly written on using a visible laser pen or projection printing through a photomask. This discovery represents a big step forward towards practical applications, especially in areas in which safety issues and photodamage by UV light are of concern.
Synthese und Nachweis von Iminoboranen durch M=B/C=N‐Bindungsmetathese
Authors: Nutz Marco , Borthakur Bitupon , Dewhurst Rian D. , Deißenberger Andrea , Dellermann Theresa , Schäfer Marius , Krummenacher Ivo , Phukan Ashwini K. , Braunschweig Holger 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWährend die Metathese von Metall‐Bor‐Doppelbindungen mit elementaren Chalkogeniden gut beschrieben ist, kann keine vergleichbare Reaktivität für Element‐Stickstoff‐Bindungen beobachtet werden. Solche Reaktionen würden einen neuen Zugang zu Iminoboranen (RB≡NR′) eröffnen, die seit kurzem wieder Interesse auf sich ziehen. Im Nachfolgenden stellen wir die erstmalige Beobachtung von M=B/C=N‐Metathesereaktionen vor, die zur Bildung eines stabilen Iminoborans sowie zu weiteren Iminoboran‐Cycloadditionsprodukten führen.
1‐Substituted 2‐Azaspiro[3.3]heptanes: Overlooked Motifs for Drug Discovery
Authors: Kirichok Alexander A. , Shton Iryna , Kliachyna Maria , Pishel Iryna , Mykhailiuk Pavel K. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe 2‐substituted piperidine core is found in drugs (18 FDA‐approved drugs), however, their spirocyclic analogues remain unknown. Described here is the synthesis of spirocyclic analogues for 2‐substituted piperidines and a demonstration of their validation in drug discovery.
Bottom‐Up Design of a Copper–Ruthenium Nanoparticulate Catalyst for Low‐Temperature Ammonia Oxidation
Authors: Chakraborty Debasish , Damsgaard Christian Danvad , Silva Hugo , Conradsen Christian , Olsen Jakob Lind , Carvalho Hudson W. P. , Mutz Benjamin , Bligaard Thomas , Hoffmann Max J. , Grunwaldt Jan‐Dierk , Studt Felix , Chorkendorff Ib 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA novel nanoparticulate catalyst of copper (Cu) and ruthenium (Ru) was designed for low‐temperature ammonia oxidation at near‐stoichiometric mixtures using a bottom‐up approach. A synergistic effect of the two metals was found. An optimum CuRu catalyst presents a reaction rate threefold higher than that for Ru and forty‐fold higher than that for Cu. X‐ray absorption spectroscopy suggests that in the most active catalyst Cu forms one or two monolayer thick patches on Ru and the catalysts are less active once 3D Cu islands form. The good performance of the tuned Cu/Ru catalyst is attributed to changes in the electronic structure, and thus the altered adsorption properties of the surface Cu sites.
Unsaturated polyester/montmorillonite nanocomposites with improved mechanical and thermal properties fabricated by in situ polymerization
Authors: Wu Shan , Wang Lei , Wu Lixin , Weng Zixiang , Zhou Yu 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTAlthough organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) has been incorporated into unsaturated polyester (UP) resin to enhance properties, the aggregation often leads to defects which directly affect the properties of nanocomposites. In this work, OMMT slurry modified by a new allyl surfactant with carbon–carbon double bond, hexadecyl allyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (C16‐DMAAC), was employed to prepare nanocomposites by in situ polymerization. The results illustrated that the existence of OMMT slurry helped monomers enter the OMMT galleries, leading to well‐dispersed OMMT in the UP matrix. The mechanical properties and thermal properties of OMMT nanocomposites were improved. With OMMT loading of 5 wt %, the tensile strength and flexural strength can be improved by 22% and 38%, respectively. Meanwhile, the onset thermal decomposition temperature (T–10) value was ameliorated from 310.6 °C to 330.6 °C. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45251.
A study on the curing kinetics of epoxy molding compounds with various latent catalysts using differential scanning calorimetry
Authors: Lee Da Eun , Kim Hyun Woo , Kong Byung‐Seon , Choi Hyung Ouk 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTWe performed kinetic analysis in an epoxy curing system with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) using a dynamic approach to investigate the reaction behavior of epoxy molding compounds (EMCs) according to three types of catalysts with varying latencies: triphenyl phosphine (TPP), triphenylphosphine‐1,4‐benzoquinone (TPP‐BQ), and tetraphenylphosphonium tetraphenylborate (TPP‐TPB). In dynamic approach, the well‐known model free kinetic (MFK) method was applied first to find out the variation of activation energy by the extent of conversion. By applying the MFK method, it was found that activation energy as a function of reaction conversion was nearly constant for TPP‐BQ and TPP‐TPB, but significantly reduced for TPP. By the dependence of activation energy, the model fitting method with single step reaction could be applied for TPP‐BQ and TPP‐TPB, and the nth order model was in good agreement with the MFK results. By contrast, in TPP, the reaction curve derived from MFK did not match with plot from nth order model. Isothermal curing experiments were also carried out to determine whether the assumption on kinetic predictions for the three catalysts was correct or not. As a result, TPP‐TPB and TPP‐BQ followed both MFK and nth order model. Nevertheless, TPP was more likely to follow MFK rather than nth order model. In addition, TPP‐TPB showed definitely lower conversion rate and degree of conversion compared with TPP, TPP‐BQ as expected from the catalyst structure and basicity. This study indicates the curing kinetic reaction of EMC depends on the latency of catalysts, and the MFK method can be used to describe the kinetics of curing reaction more accurately. These results help engineers in relevant fields to improve the reliability of EMCs by understanding the curing kinetic reaction of EMC with various latent catalysts. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45252.
Association of Increased F4/80high Macrophages With Suppression of Serum‐Transfer Arthritis in Mice With Reduced FLIP in Myeloid Cells
Authors: Huang Qi‐Quan , Birkett Robert , Doyle Renee E. , Haines G. Kenneth , Perlman Harris , Shi Bo , Homan Philip , Xing Lianping , Pope Richard M. 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveMacrophages are critical in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We recently demonstrated that FLIP is necessary for the differentiation and/or survival of macrophages. We also showed that FLIP is highly expressed in RA synovial macrophages. This study was undertaken to determine if a reduction in FLIP in mouse macrophages reduces synovial tissue macrophages and ameliorates serum‐transfer arthritis.MethodsMice with Flip deleted in myeloid cells (Flipf/fLysMc/+ mice) and littermate controls were used. Arthritis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of K/BxN serum. Disease severity was evaluated by clinical score and change in ankle thickness, and joints were examined by histology and immunohistochemistry. Cells were isolated from the ankles and bone marrow of the mice and examined by flow cytometry, real‐time quantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction, or Western blotting.ResultsIn contrast to expectations, Flipf/fLysMc/+ mice developed more severe arthritis early in the clinical course, but peak arthritis was attenuated and the resolution phase more complete than in control mice. Prior to the induction of serum‐transfer arthritis, the number of tissue‐resident macrophages was reduced. On day 9 after arthritis induction, the number of F4/80high macrophages in the joints of the Flipf/fLysMc/+ mice was not decreased, but increased. FLIP was reduced in the F4/80high macrophages in the ankles of the Flipf/fLysMc/+ mice, while F4/80high macrophages expressed an antiinflammatory phenotype in both the Flipf/fLysMc/+ and control mice.ConclusionOur observations suggest that reducing FLIP in macrophages by increasing the number of antiinflammatory macrophages may be an effective therapeutic approach to suppress inflammation, depending on the disease stage.
Microwave fluidized bed for biomass pyrolysis. Part I: Process design
Authors: Adam Mohamed , Beneroso Daniel , Katrib Juliano , Kingman Sam , Robinson John P. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe production of bio‐oils from microwave pyrolysis has received increasing attention from bioenergy researchers, but no studies reported to date have proposed reliable solutions to avoid thermal runaway. The motivation of this paper is to develop and demonstrate a systematic methodology to exploit the benefits of microwave heating for biomass pyrolysis, and to overcome previously reported challenges of heating heterogeneity and thermal runaway. The multidisciplinary design methodology for a microwave fluidized bed system is presented, which is based on processing raw biomass without the need for added microwave susceptors. The design process considers the minimum fluidizing velocity of biomass particles, a heat‐transfer model to establish the power density requirements, and electromagnetic simulations to determine the optimal dimensions. It was found that a minimum power density of 54 MW m−3 was necessary to reach temperatures of 400 °C for particles with an average size of 600 µm at the minimum fluidization velocity (0.38 m s−1). Higher gas velocities required higher power levels; however, the energy efficiency of the process could be improved when using a high power at low gas velocities, with 1.07 kJ g−1 attainable at power densities in excess of 100 MW m−3. A microwave fluidized bed system was subsequently designed, and shown to be effective in enabling pyrolysis whilst limiting heterogeneity and thermal runaway effects. Thermal runaway could be controlled by ensuring an appropriate fluidization regime to prevent liquid condensation and solid deposition within areas of high electric field intensity. The developed design opens opportunities for large‐scale production of bio‐oil using microwaves. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Efflux Pumps Might Not Be the Major Drivers of QAC Resistance in Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Jennings Megan C. , Forman Megan E. , Duggan Stephanie M. , Minbiole Kevin P. C. , Wuest William M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractQuaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are commonly used antiseptics that are now known to be subject to bacterial resistance. The prevalence and mechanisms of such resistance, however, remain underexplored. We investigated a variety of QACs, including those with multicationic structures (multiQACs), and the resistance displayed by a variety of Staphylococcus aureus strains with and without genes encoding efflux pumps, the purported main driver of bacterial resistance in MRSA. Through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)‐, kinetic‐, and efflux‐based assays, we found that neither the qacR/qacA system present in S. aureus nor another efflux pump system is the main reason for bacterial resistance to QACs. Our findings suggest that membrane composition could be the predominant driver that allows CA‐MRSA to withstand the assault of conventional QAC antiseptics.
Constructing a Robust Fluorescent DNA‐Stabilized Silver Nanocluster Probe Module by Attaching a Duplex Moiety
Authors: Lin Ruoyun , Tao Guangyu , Chen Yang , Chen Mingxing , Liu Feng , Li Na 
Published: May 2017

AbstractFluorescent DNA‐templated silver nanoclusters (DNA‐Ag NCs) have served as excellent luminescent probes and operation units in various applications. However, the fluorescence property of DNA‐Ag NCs is very sensitive to elongation or modification of the DNA template, limiting the breadth of applications. In this work, we propose a strategy for constructing a robust fluorescent DNA‐Ag NCs probe module by attaching a duplex moiety to the nanocluster‐bearing sequence. The fluorescence intensity of the DNA‐Ag NCs can be enhanced 90‐fold upon hybridization of the elongated moiety. Adenine in the linker sequence has a further enhancing effect on the fluorescence intensity, whereas thymine has a quenching effect. The transformation from a non‐fluorescent species to fluorescent nanoclusters is responsible for the fluorescence enhancement with duplex formation of the elongated moiety. We hope that this design will aid future diversification of experimental designs to facilitate more applications that are currently limited by the aforementioned problems.
Burkholderia thailandensis: Genetic Manipulation
Authors: Garcia Erin C. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Burkholderia thailandensis is a Gram‐negative bacterium endemic to Southeast Asian and northern Australian soils. It is non‐pathogenic; therefore, it is commonly used as a model organism for the related human pathogens Burkholderia mallei and Burkholderia pseudomallei. B. thailandensis is relatively easily genetically manipulated and a variety of robust genetic tools can be used in this organism. This unit describes protocols for conjugation, natural transformation, mini‐Tn7 insertion, and allelic exchange in B. thailandensis. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Isolation of Stem Cells and Progenitors from Mouse Epidermis
Authors: Kostic Lana , Sedov Egor , Soteriou Despina , Yosefzon Yahav , Fuchs Yaron 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe epidermis consists of several distinct compartments including the interfollicular epidermis (IFE), sweat glands, sebaceous glands (SGs), and the hair follicle (HF). While the IFE and SGs are in a constant state of self‐renewal, the HF cycles between phases of growth, destruction, and rest. The hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) that fuel this perpetual cycle have been well described and are located in a niche termed the bulge. These bulge SCs express markers such as CD34 and Keratin 15 (K15), enabling the isolation of these cells. Here, we describe a powerful method for isolating HFSCs and epidermal progenitors from mouse skin utilizing fluorescence activated cell‐sorting (FACS). Upon isolation, cells can be expanded and utilized in various in vivo and in vitro models aimed at studying the function of these unique cells. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Isolation of Ready‐to‐Use Adipose‐Derived Stem Cell (ASC) Pellet for Clinical Applications and a Comparative Overview of Alternate Methods for ASC Isolation
Authors: Raposio Edoardo , Bertozzi Nicolò 
Published: May 2017

AbstractCurrent literature does not offer a standardized method to isolate adipose‐derived stem cells (ASCs) for clinical applications and hence clinical studies using ASCs often show inconsistent results. Most of these studies borrow laboratory or benchside‐derived protocols, which are complex, time consuming, and involve the use of chemical, animal‐derived reagents. In this unit we describe a relatively simple and faster isolation protocol that allows collection of a ready‐to‐use ASC pellet for clinical application. All steps are performed in a closed circuit in order to guarantee maximum process sterility. Once the adipose tissue is harvested by means of a standard liposuction procedure, it undergoes a first centrifugation in order to remove the oil and serous fractions. Then ASCs are released by enzymatic digestion from the surrounding connective tissue scaffold. Finally a double series of washing and centrifugation allows one to obtain the ASC pellet alone. We usually graft this ASC pellet onto the skin edge and to the bottom of chronic skin ulcers as ASCs proved to be effective in promoting wound healing processes. Moreover, an increasing number of clinical studies are currently ongoing to test their potential in every medical field, from orthopedics to cardiology, oncology, autoimmune diseases, and tissue engineering. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Asymmetric paternal effect on offspring size linked to parent‐of‐origin expression of an insulin‐like growth factor
Authors: Saldivar Lemus Yolitzi , Vielle‐Calzada Jean‐Philippe , Ritchie Michael G. , Macías Garcia Constantino 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSexual reproduction brings together reproductive partners whose long‐term interests often differ, raising the possibility of conflict over their reproductive investment. Males that enhance maternal investment in their offspring gain fitness benefits, even if this compromises future reproductive investment by iteroparous females. When the conflict occurs at a genomic level, it may be uncovered by crossing divergent populations, as a mismatch in the coevolved patterns of paternal manipulation and maternal resistance may generate asymmetric embryonic growth. We report such an asymmetry in reciprocal crosses between populations of the fish Girardinichthys multiradiatus. We also show that a fragment of a gene which can influence embryonic growth (Insulin‐Like Growth Factor 2; igf2) exhibits a parent‐of‐origin methylation pattern, where the maternally inherited igf2 allele has much more 5′ cytosine methylation than the paternally inherited allele. Our findings suggest that male manipulation of maternal investment may have evolved in fish, while the parent‐of‐origin methylation pattern appears to be a potential candidate mechanism modulating this antagonistic coevolution process. However, disruption of other coadaptive processes cannot be ruled out, as these can lead to similar effects as conflict.
A Probabilistic Estimation Method of Reactive Power Controlled by PCS using Measurement Data of Switchgears with Sensors
Authors: KOIDE AKIRA , TSUJI TAKAO , OYAMA TSUTOMU , GODA TADAHIRO , KOJIMA YASUHIRO , SHINJI TAKAO , UCHIDA KENKO , MAGOULÈS FRÉDÉRIC 
Published: May 2017

SUMMARYIt becomes an important issue to maintain voltage profile within the allowable range in distribution systems with a large number of distributed generators (DGs), such as Photovoltaic (PV). Although reactive power control by power conditioning system (PCS) is effective to mitigate the voltage increase, there is a possibility that active power curtailment is needed to provide enough amount of reactive power due to current limitation. Here, it is expected that the active power curtailment can be avoided if a cooperative voltage control between load ratio tap controller (LRT) and PCS is realized. To this end, system operators have to know the amount of reactive power controlled by PCS. Hence, in this paper, we developed a new state estimation method of the reactive power using the measurement data obtained by the switchgears with sensors. In addition, a probabilistic approach was applied because an accurate estimation is theoretically impossible only by using the limited number of measurement data. The proposed method was tested in a hierarchic distribution system model and its effectiveness was shown through simulations.