bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional connectivity alterations in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: A multimodal MRI study
Authors: Kharabian Masouleh S. , Herzig S. , Klose L. , Roggenhofer E. , Tenckhoff H. , Kaiser T. , Thöne‐Otto A. , Wiese M. , Berg T. , Schroeter M. L. , Margulies D. S. , Villringer A. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryChronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with fatigue and depression. Cognitive impairments are also reported in a smaller number of HCV‐positive patients. Recent studies linked HCV to low‐grade inflammation in brain. Here, we test the hypothesis that chronic HCV is associated with 3T‐neuroimaging‐derived grey matter volume (GMV) and functional connectivity alterations in a sample of chronic HCV (1b), without severe liver disease. Regional GMV and resting‐state fMRI‐derived eigenvector centrality (EC) were compared between 19 HCV‐positive patients and 23 healthy controls (all females, 50‐69 and 52‐64 years, respectively), controlling for white matter hyperintensities and age. Standard tests were used to assess fatigue, depression and cognitive performance. Also, liver fibrosis stage and viral load were quantified among patients. In comparison with controls, HCV‐positive patients had higher scores in fatigue and depression, and worse alertness scores. The groups performed similarly in other cognitive domains. We report higher EC in a cluster in the right anterior superior parietal lobule in patients, while no differences are found in GMV. Post hoc functional connectivity analysis showed increased connectivity of this cluster with primary and secondary somatosensory cortex, and temporal and occipital lobes in patients. Higher mean EC in the superior parietal cluster, adjusted for mean framewise displacement, was associated with better memory and attention performance, but not with fatigue, depression, viral load or level of liver fibrosis, among patients. These results suggest a compensatory mechanism in chronic hepatitis C and explain equivocal results in the literature about cognitive deficits in infected persons. Further studies should define the relation of these connectivity changes to the brain's inflammatory activity.
Establishment limitation may be more important than species dispersal: insights from dry grasslands and old‐fields
Authors: Knappová Jana , Hemrová Lucie , Knapp Michal , Münzbergová Zuzana 
Published: November 2016

AbstractQuestionsOld‐fields and their succession often played crucial role in dynamics of species‐rich semi‐natural grasslands. Our objective was to assess whether colonization of old‐fields by grassland species is limited by the availability of seeds, dispersal abilities, habitat requirements of the species or biotic interactions. In particular, we asked following questions: (1) What are the main constrains limiting frequency of grassland species in old‐fields? (2) Is frequency in source habitat (grasslands) and target habitat (old‐fields) limited by the same factors/processes? And (3) how the results and their interpretation change after considering species phylogeny?LocationOld‐fields and grasslands in northern Bohemia, Czech Republic, Europe.MethodsFrequency in old‐fields and grasslands of 29 plant species was related to a set of species characteristics representing source, dispersal, abiotic and biotic limitation using phylogenetic regression.ResultsSpecies frequency in old‐fields was significantly correlated with frequency in grasslands. In general, habitat (biotic and abiotic) limitation was more important for frequency in both habitat types without phylogenetic correction. Specifically, frequency in both habitat types was mostly limited by soil preference and in grasslands also by niche width. Old‐fields were relatively more colonized by species with better competitiveness. Phylogenetic signal was not detected during phylogenetic regression.ConclusionsTo preserve high diversity in grasslands, the effort should be directed towards maintenance of soil quality (minimize the use of fertilizers, pesticides and heavy machinery). Colonization of old‐fields could be enhanced by reduction of competitive species by introduction of traditional management (e.g., mowing or grazing).
Temperature‐compensated cell production rate and elongation zone length in the root of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Yang Xiaoli , Dong Gang , Palaniappan K. , Mi Guohua , Baskin Tobias I. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractTo understand how root growth responds to temperature, we used kinematic analysis to quantify division and expansion parameters in the root of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plants were grown at temperatures from 15 to 30 °C, given continuously from germination. Over these temperatures, root length varies more than threefold in the wild type but by only twofold in a double mutant for phytochrome‐interacting factor 4 and 5. For kinematics, the spatial profile of velocity was obtained with new software, Stripflow. We find that 30 °C truncates the elongation zone and curtails cell production, responses that probably reflect the elicitation of a common pathway for handling severe stresses. Curiously, rates of cell division at all temperatures are closely correlated with rates of radial expansion. Between 15 to 25 °C, root growth rate, maximal elemental elongation rate, and final cell length scale positively with temperature whereas the length of the meristem scales negatively. Non‐linear temperature scaling characterizes meristem cell number, time to transit through either meristem or elongation zone, and average cell division rate. Surprisingly, the length of the elongation zone and the total rate of cell production are temperature invariant, constancies that have implications for our understanding of how the underlying cellular processes are integrated.
Poplar PtabZIP1‐like enhances lateral root formation and biomass growth under drought stress
Authors: Dash Madhumita , Yordanov Yordan S. , Georgieva Tatyana , Tschaplinski Timothy J. , Yordanova Elena , Busov Victor 
Published: November 2016

SummaryDeveloping drought‐resistance varieties is a major goal for bioenergy crops, such as poplar (Populus), which will be grown on marginal lands with little or no water input. Root architecture can affect drought resistance, but few genes that affect root architecture in relation to water availability have been identified. Here, using activation tagging in the prime bioenergy crop poplar, we have identified a mutant that overcomes the block of lateral root (LR) formation under osmotic stress. Positioning of the tag, validation of the activation and recapitulation showed that the phenotype is caused by the poplar PtabZIP1‐like (PtabZIP1L) gene with highest homology to bZIP1 from Arabidopsis. PtabZIP1L is predominantly expressed in roots, particularly in zones where lateral root primordia (LRP) initiate and LR differentiate and emerge. Transgenics overexpressing PtabZIP1L showed precocious LRP and LR development, while PtabZIP1L suppression significantly delayed both LRP and LR formation. Transgenic overexpression and suppression of PtabZIP1L also resulted in modulation of key metabolites like proline, asparagine, valine and several flavonoids. Consistently, expression of both of the poplar Proline Dehydrogenase orthologs and two of the Flavonol Synthases genes was also increased and decreased in overexpressed and suppressed transgenics, respectively. These findings suggest that PtabZIP1L mediates LR development and drought resistance through modulation of multiple metabolic pathways.
IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF DIFFUSE LEPTOMENINGEAL OLIGODENDROGLIOMATOSIS IN A DOG WITH “DURAL TAIL SIGN”
Authors: Lobacz Monika Anna , Serra Fabienne , Hammond Gawain , Oevermann Anna , Haley Allison C. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA case of diffuse leptomeningeal oligodendrogliomatosis affecting the brain and spinal cord of a dog is presented. A 7.5‐year old, male neutered Staffordshire bull terrier presented for evaluation of a chronic history of tetraparesis and seizures, with a multifocal neuroanatomical localization was determined. Extra‐axial intradural lesions with an atypical presentation of a dural tail sign were seen on MRI. Histologically, the lesions were consistent with leptomeningeal oligodendrogliomatosis. To the authors’ knowledge, a dural tail sign has not previously been reported as an MRI characteristic of diffuse leptomeningeal oligodendrogliomatosis in dogs.
Draft Genome Sequence of Streptococcus agalactiae Serotype Ia Strain M19, a Multidrug-Resistant Isolate from a Cow with Bovine Mastitis
Authors: Yang Feng , Li Hongsheng , Zhang Shidong , Wang Xurong 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Streptococcus agalactiae
is a major contagious pathogen causing bovine mastitis worldwide. We report here the draft sequence of
S. agalactiae
Ia strain M19, a multidrug-resistant isolate from a bovine mastitis case in Ningxia Hui autonomous region, China.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Alkaliphilus metalliredigens
Strain QYMF, an Alkaliphilic and Metal-Reducing Bacterium Isolated from Borax-Contaminated Leachate Ponds
Authors: Hwang C. , Copeland A. , Lucas S. , Lapidus A. , Barry K. , Detter J. C. , Glavina del Rio T. , Hammon N. , Israni S. , Dalin E. , Tice H. , Pitluck S. , Chertkov O. , Brettin T. , Bruce D. , Han C. , Schmutz J. , Larimer F. , Land M. L. , Hauser L. , Kyrpides N. , Mikhailova N. , Ye Q. , Zhou J. , Richardson P. , Fields M. W. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Alkaliphilus metalliredigens
strain QYMF is an anaerobic, alkaliphilic, and metal-reducing bacterium associated with phylum
Firmicutes
. QYMF was isolated from alkaline borax leachate ponds. The genome sequence will help elucidate the role of metal-reducing microorganisms under alkaline environments, a capability that is not commonly observed in metal respiring-microorganisms.
Eph Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Tumor Immunity
Authors: Shiuan Eileen , Chen Jin 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The family of Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and their ephrin ligands regulate a diverse array of physiologic processes, such as axonal guidance, bone remodeling, and immune cell development and trafficking. Eph/ephrin interactions have also been implicated in various pathologic processes, including inflammation, cancer, and tumor angiogenesis. Because Eph receptors play prominent roles in both the immune system and cancer, they likely impact the tumor immune microenvironment, an area in which Eph receptors remain understudied. Here, we provide the first comprehensive review of Eph receptors in the context of tumor immunity. With the recent rise of cancer immunotherapies as promising therapeutic interventions, further elucidation of the roles of Eph receptors in the tumor immune microenvironment will be critical for understanding and developing novel targets against tumor immune evasion. Cancer Res; 76(22); 6452–7. ©2016 AACR.
Adverse Metaphase Cytogenetics Can Be Overcome by Adding Bortezomib and Thalidomide to Fractionated Melphalan Transplants
Authors: Jethava Yogesh S. , Mitchell Alan , Epstein Joshua , Zangari Maurizio , Yaccoby Shmuel , Tian Erming , Waheed Sarah , Khan Rashid , Papanikolaou Xenofon , Grazziutti Monica , Cottler-Fox Michele , Petty Nathan , Steward Douglas , Panozzo Susan , Bailey Clyde , Hoering Antje , Crowley John , Sawyer Jeffrey , Morgan Gareth , Barlogie Bart , van Rhee Frits 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPurpose: To determine whether a reduction in the intensity of Total Therapy (TT) reduces toxicity and maintains efficacy.Experimental Design: A total of 289 patients with gene expression profiling (GEP70)-defined low-risk multiple myeloma were randomized between a standard arm (TT4-S) and a light arm (TT4-L). TT4-L employed one instead of two inductions and consolidations. To compensate for potential loss of efficacy of TT4-L, bortezomib and thalidomide were added to fractionated melphalan 50 mg/m2/d for 4 days.Results: Grade ≥3 toxicities and treatment-related mortalities were not reduced in TT4-L. Complete response (CR) rates were virtually identical (P = 0.2; TT4-S, 59%; TT4-L, 61% at 2 years), although CR duration was superior with TT4-S (P = 0.05; TT4-S, 87%; TT4-L, 81% at 2 years). With a median follow-up of 4.5 years, there was no difference in overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Whereas metaphase cytogenetic abnormalities (CAs) tended to be an adverse feature in TT4-S, as with predecessor TT trials, the reverse applied to TT4-L. Employing historical TT3a as training and TT3b as test set, 51 gene probes (GEP51) significantly differentiated the presence and absence of CA (q &lt; 0.0001), seven of which function in DNA replication, recombination, and repair. Applying the GEP51 model to clinical outcomes, OS and PFS were significantly inferior with GEP51/CA in TT4-S; such a difference was not observed in TT4-L.Conclusions: We identified a prognostic CA-linked GEP51 signature, the adversity of which could be overcome by potentially synergizing anti–multiple myeloma effects of melphalan and bortezomib. These exploratory findings require confirmation in a prospective randomized trial. Clin Cancer Res; 23(11); 2665–72. ©2016 AACR.
Penfluridol Represses Integrin Expression in Breast Cancer through Induction of Reactive Oxygen Species and Downregulation of Sp Transcription Factors
Authors: Hedrick Erik , Li Xi , Safe Stephen 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
It was recently demonstrated the penfluridol inhibited breast tumor growth and metastasis and this was associated with downregulation of α6- and β4-integrins. In this study, we observed the penfluridol induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and this was the primary mechanism of action. Penfluridol-mediated growth inhibition, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of breast cancer cell migration was attenuated after cotreatment with glutathione. Penfluridol also downregulated Sp transcription factors Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 through epigenetic downregulation of cMyc and cMyc-regulated miRNAs (miR27a and miR20a/miR17) and induction of the miR-regulated Sp transcriptional repressors ZBTB10 and ZBTB4. α6- and β4-integrins as well as α5- and β1-integrins are Sp-regulated genes that are also coregulated by the orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1 and these integrins can be targeted by agents such as penfluridol that suppress Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 and also by NR4A1 antagonists. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(1); 205–16. ©2016 AACR.
New synonyms for Premna yunnanensis (Lamiaceae) in China
Authors: TAN YUNHONG , CHEN YONGJUN , LI BO 
Published: November 2016

Among 46 species of Premna Linnaeus (1771: 587) recognized in the Flora of China (Chen & Gilbert 1994), P. yunnanensis Smith (1916: 120) and 13 more species form a well supported monophyletic group (Li et al. 2016) assigned to ser. Congestiflorae P’ei & Chen (1982: 211), under sect. Premnos Briquet (1897: 170). Congestiflorae is characterized by having cymes in a dense capitate inflorescence, leaves and calyces densely covered with golden, orange or red glands, and calyces with five long distinct calyx-lobes. The 14 species are all endemic to southwest China, particularly to Yunnan and Sichuan provinces. Premna yunnanensis is the most widespread, occurring throughout the north of Yunnan and southwest of Sichuan (P’ei & Chen 1982, Chen & Gilbert 1994). This species is characterized by having ovate-lanceolate to ovate leaves, abaxially densely gray circinate pilose, pinkish to purple corolla, and fruiting calyces equal or subequal to fruits (Fig. 1). However, while examining herbarium specimens, it is found that the types of P. anthopotamica Handel-Mazzetti (1921: 231) (Fig. 2B), P. parvilimba P’ei (1932: 62) (Fig. 2C), P. pilosa P’ei (1932: 66) (Fig. 2D), P. steppicola Handel-Mazzetti (1936: 902) (Fig. 2E) and P. subcapitata Rehder (1917: 458) (Fig. 2F) are morphologically very similar to P. yunnanensis. Further critical qualitative and quantitative examination of more herbarium specimens—including types- (from A, CBDI, E, HITBC, IBK, IBSC, KUN, NAS, NY, PE, W and WU herbaria), living plants (field explorations in Yunnan and Sichuan during 2010 and 2014), and protologues, do not support the distinction of these species from P. yunnanensis. Furthermore, geographical analysis reveals that the type locality of each species is encompassed in the natural distribution of P. yunnanensis. Thus, P. anthopotamica, P. parvilimba, P. pilosa, P. steppicola and P. subcapitata are determined as conspecific with P. yunnanensis.
Carex concava (Carex sect. Rhomboidales, Cyperaceae), a new species from Hainan, China
Authors: YANG HU-BIAO , LI XIAO-XIA , BAI CHANG-JUN , WANG WEN-QIANG , LIU GUO-DAO 
Published: November 2016

A new species of Carex sect. Rhomboidales, Carex concava, is described and illustrated from Hainan, China. The new species is similar to C. paracheniana but differs in having wider blades and longer sheaths of bracts; inflorescence with 3 spikes; terminal spike 2–6 cm long and with a 4–14 cm long peduncle; lateral spikes 3–6 cm long, loosely flowered and with 8–15 cm long peduncles; staminate glume ovate, 1-veined costa excurrent into a shortly awn ca. 0.3 mm; pistillate glume ovate, ca. 4 mm long, 1-veined costa excurrent into a awn ca. 1 mm; perigynia fusiform and green; nutlets inclined-oval, brownish black, with 3 angles deeply constricted at the middle and the side toward of spike-stalk deeply concave at base.
Impact of the South and North Pacific Meridional Modes on the El Niño–Southern Oscillation: Observational Analysis and Comparison
Authors: Min Qingye , Su Jingzhi , Zhang Renhe 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
An interannual variability mode in the southeast Pacific with a physical interpretation similar to that of the Pacific meridional mode (PMM) in the North Pacific was recently identified. Both modes have been shown to influence the subsequent development of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. This study investigates the relationship between ENSO and the two PMMs using observational and reanalysis data. The results show that the South Pacific meridional mode (SPMM) mainly favors the development of sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in the eastern equatorial Pacific, whereas the North Pacific meridional mode (NPMM) mainly favors the development of SSTAs in the central equatorial Pacific. Both of the meridional modes are considered to be analogous in terms of their physical interpretation and can be important predictors of ENSO when considering different flavors of ENSO. Neither the NPMM nor the SPMM can be precluded as accurate indicators when forecasting particular flavors of ENSO.
Collecting Empirically Derived SAR Characteristic Values over One Year of Sea Ice Environments for Use in Data Assimilation
Authors: Pogson Lynn , Geldsetzer Torsten , Buehner Mark , Carrieres Tom , Ross Michael , Scott K. Andrea 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A new tool has been developed to calculate dynamic, state-specific tie points, to aid in the assimilation of various types of satellite data into Environment and Climate Change Canada’s Regional Ice Ocean Prediction System. These tie points are referred to as characteristic values (CVs). In this study, CVs are calculated for RadarSat-2 ScanSAR-Wide-A HH-HV backscatter data from October 2010 to September 2011. In this collection, the mean, standard deviation, and percentile distribution of backscatter at locations and times identified as being either ice or open water are represented over different relevant categories affecting the signal. The resulting water CVs are compared with modeled backscatter values, and are in close agreement at midrange wind speeds (5–14 m s−1), where wind slicks are not present. When compared against previously reported values, the ice CVs correspond best for ice conditions with fairly uniform backscatter distributions, such as the Arctic during the spring. When the ice and water CVs are compared to each other, the best cases for the assimilation of RadarSat-2 data are evident. In these cases, the CV distributions at a given incidence angle and wind speed are well separated from each other, such as in the far range (40°–50°) at midrange wind speeds. This set of CVs will be used for an initial assimilation of binary ice and open water retrievals. Future work will include a more complex treatment of ice CVs to address mixed ice types, and the application of CVs to other types of satellite data, including those from passive microwave sensors.
Stability of ionized calcium measurements at concentrations less than 0.3 mmol/L by point-of-care blood gas instruments: application for postfilter calcium quality control in patients with citrate anticoagulation during extracorporeal circulation
Authors: Averina Maria , Jakobsen Raymond 
Published: November 2016

Background Measurements of ionized calcium (Ca2+) at concentrations less than 0.3 mmol/L are required for postfilter control in patients who receive extracorporeal circulation with sodium citrate anticoagulation. This study evaluates the stability of the Ca2+ measurements at such concentrations. Methods The stability of the Ca2+ measurements was tested by measuring daily the external standard Qualicheck concentration 3 s7950, Radiometer (0.22–0.25 mmol/L) by blood gas instruments ABL800 and ABL90, Radiometer. Two different Ca2+ membrane lots were tested for the usual membrane lifetime of 12 weeks at ABL800 instruments. For the ABL90 instrument, the sensor cassette (with Ca2+ membrane and electrode) was replaced after four weeks as required. Results We observed over 40% Ca2+ increase within the usual 12 weeks lifetime of the Ca2+ membrane at the ABL800 instruments. Measurements of Ca2+ at concentrations less than 0.3 mmol/L were within acceptable limits for both ABL800 and ABL90 instruments when Ca2+ membrane and sensor cassette were replaced after four weeks. Conclusions For ABL800 instruments, it is necessary to use an extra quality control (<0.3 mmol/L) in addition to the usual quality controls to monitor Ca2+ measurements below 0.3 mmol/L. The acceptable stability of the Ca2+ measurements can be achieved by the Ca2+ membrane and sensor cassette replacement after four weeks. If the usual 12 weeks of Ca2+ membrane lifetime is maintained, it may result in a clinically significant overestimation of Ca2+ by ABL800 instruments.