bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissociation and Immune Dysregulation: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Bizik Gustav , Bob Petr , Raboch Jiri , Svetlak Miroslav , Simek Jakub , Pec Ondrej , Benakova Hana , Uhrova Jana , Zima Tomas 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that various types of interactions between nervous and immune system are important in pathogenesis of depression. These findings show that a significant role in developing depression play proinflammatory cytokines that may mediate its psychological and neurobiological manifestations. Great importance among these cytokines plays tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) and there is growing evidence that inflammatory processes related to depression may be influenced by psychological stress as well as organic inflammatory conditions. These findings suggest that specific influences related to traumatic stress and dissociation could be found in close relationship to increased level of cytokine TNF-a. In the present study we have performed psychometric measurement of depression (BDI-II), traumatic stress symptoms (TSC-40) and dissociation (DES), and immunochemical measure of serum TNF-a in 40 inpatients with unipolar depression (mean age 38.4±8.2). The results show that TNF-a is significantly related to DES (Spearman R= -0.36, p<0.05), but not to BDI-II and TSC-40. Results of the present study suggest that TNF-a alterations related to dissociation could present a specific process of immunomodulation that may be explained by mutual influences between stress and neuroimmune system.
The Frequency of Law Breaking and Compulsory Hospitalization Among the Mentally Ill People in Katowice, Poland
Authors: Górniak Eliza , Furczyk Karolina , Krysta Krzysztof 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
It is a common belief that mental disorders are widely associated with dangerous, threat-posing behavior and law-breaking. The paper analyzes the problem of law-breaking by the mentally disordered. We performed an analysis of cases concerning compulsory psychiatric treatment or confinement in a medical institution on the grounds of mental incompetence to commit an offence or mental unfitness to stand the trial obtained from the court and the public prosecutor’s office in Silesia from 2007 to 2009. 14 cases were analyzed. All the offenders were male, mean age was 44,6. All the offenders were diagnosed by psychiatrists, most of them with schizophrenia (n=10 cases). Other diagnoses included paranoic syndrome (n=1), bipolar affective disorder with manic episode (n=1), schizoaffective disorder (n=1), delusion syndrome (n=1). 9 out of 14 offenders were diagnosed prior to the offence, some of whom were also hospitalized (n=5). 8 of analyzed cases concerned use of violence, 3 concerned larceny, 2 concerned posing a threat to others’ life or health and 1 concerned fraud. 2 of the offenders were previously sentenced for other offences. 12 of the offenders were compulsory treated by psychiatrists, 10 out of whom are still hospitalized at the time of writing this report. The small number of the cases analyzed (14 cases in the whole of a few thousands) suggests that mentally disordered persons do not break law often. There seems to be a higher risk associated with male gender, though. Also, the frequency of violent acts and offences committed despite previous treatment is disturbing.
Neural Binding, Consciousness, and Mental Disorders: Complexity as a Common Element
Authors: De Assis Leonardo P. G. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Concepts from complex systems have been widely used in model building and experiments in neuroscience. This article presents a short overview of synchronization and chaos theory in studies of perception, and consciousness. In addition, these findings seem to have serious implications for the understanding of mental disorders. Finally some consequences for the future of psychiatry are discussed.
Non-Traditional Interpretation of Conventional EEG Curve Analyses
Authors: Faber Josef , Novak Mirko , Votruba Zdenek , Kovaljov Michal 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The electroencephalographic (EEG) curve is a highly complex formation representing cerebral system activities. On the one hand it may resemble featureless oscillations in alpha activity, on the other hand it looks like a very irregular tangle of mostly quite random lines even when the proband or patient is in a waking state. Recent findings also indicate that the EEG signal can be studied as a complex numerical series using signal analysis in terms of chaodynamic processes and describe its outcome as fractals or attractors. Using spectral Gabor analysis (GA), local coherence (LCA) and amplitude analyses (AA) we report results with regard to clinical experience and atractor character of epileptic activity. We have developed a simple coefficient method showing the state of EEG synchronisation and, at the same time, also the actual state of integration or complexity of the systems in the brain. Amplitude analysis shows the fractal feature of alpha activity and attractor descriptions related to of epileptic activity. These results might be useful for detection of mental states related to levels of wakefulness or somnolence.
Advanced theory of mind in adolescence: Do age, gender and friendship style play a role?
Authors: Białecka‐Pikul Marta , Kołodziejczyk Anna , Bosacki Sandra 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTThe ability to recursively infer the mental states of others to explain their complex behavior in ambiguous social situation may be called Advanced Theory of Mind (aToM). The relations between two components of aToM, cognitive and affective, measured on a behavioral level in 151 Polish 13‐year‐olds and 174 16‐year‐olds was examined. The role of age, gender and friendship style and its relations to the cognitive and affective aToM was explored. Cognitive aToM was only weakly to moderately related to affective aToM. Across both age groups females scored higher than males. Males' aToM abilities did not differ according to age, but they scored higher in the cognitive aToM than affective ToM. Also, different aspects of friendship style were significant predictors of both aToM abilities. The implications for two aToM components within a gendered social context were discussed.
Front propagation for reaction-diffusion equations of bistable type
Authors: Barles G. , Bronsard L. , Souganidis P.E. 
Published: February 2017

We present a direct PDE approach to study the behavior as

ε → 0

of the solution

u^ε

of the reaction-diffusion equation:

u_{t}^{\mathrm{\varepsilon }}−\mathrm{\varepsilon }\mathrm{\Delta }u^{\mathrm{\varepsilon }} = \left(1/ \mathrm{\varepsilon }\right)f\left(u^{\mathrm{\varepsilon }}\right)

in

ℝ^N × (0, ∞)

in the case when

f

is the derivative of a bistable potential. Such singular perturbation problems arise in the study of large time wavefront propagations generated by such equations following a method introduced by M. Freidlin.

Résumé

Nous présentons une méthode EDP directe pour étudier le comportement, quand

ε → 0

de la solution

u^ε

de l’équation de réaction-diffusion :

u_{t}^{\mathrm{\varepsilon }}−\mathrm{\varepsilon }\mathrm{\Delta }u^{\mathrm{\varepsilon }} = \left(1/ \mathrm{\varepsilon }\right)f\left(u^{\mathrm{\varepsilon }}\right)

dans

ℝ^N × (0, ∞)

dans le cas où

f

est la dérivée d’un potentiel bistable. De tels problèmes de perturbation singulière interviennent dans l’étude asymptotique des fronts de propagations générés par de telles équations, en suivant une méthode introduite par M. Freidlin.
Travelling fronts in cylinders
Authors: Berestycki Henri , Nirenberg Louis 
Published: February 2017

This work is concerned with travelling front solutions of semilinear parabolic equations in an infinite cylindrical domain

Σ = \textup{R} × ω

where

ω ⊂ \textup{R}^{n−1}

is a bounded domain. We write for

x

in

Σ

,

x = (x_1, y)

, with

y \in ω

. The problems we consider are of the following type

\begin{cases}
\mathrm{\Delta }u−\left(c + \mathrm{\alpha }\left(y\right)\right)∂_{1}\:u + f\left(u\right) = 0&\text{in }\mathrm{\Sigma } \\
\frac{∂u}{∂\mathrm{\nu }} = 0 &\mathrm{on }∂\sum \\
u\left(−∞,.\right) = 0,\qquad u\left( + ∞,.\right) = 1
\end{cases}

where the unknowns are the parameter

c \in \textup{R}

and the function

u

. The function

\alpha \in C^0\left(\bar\omega \right)

and the nonlinear term

f:[0, 1] → \textup{R}

are given. (More general coefficients than

c + α (y)

,

β (y, c)

are also treated.)

We obtain a fairly general resolution of this problem. The results depend on the type of nonlinearity considered. When

f

is of the bistable type, or of the “ignition temperature” type in combustion, we show the existence and uniqueness of

c

and of the profile

u

. In the case that

f > 0

in

(0, 1)

, we show the existence of

c^*\in \textup{R}

such that a solution exists if and only if

c ≧ c^*

. These results extend to higher dimensions various classical results. In particular they extend the result of Kolmogorov, Petrovsky and Piskounov.

Résumé

Cet article a pour objet les solutions de type
front progressif
pour des équations paraboliques semi-linéaires dans un domaine cylindrique infini

\mathrm{\Sigma } = \mathrm{R} \times \mathrm{\omega }\:o\mathrm{ù}\:\mathrm{\omega } \subset \mathrm{R}^{n−1}

est un domaine borné. Pour

x

dans

Σ

, nous noterons :

x = (x_1,y)

, avec

y\in ω

. Les problèmes que nous envisageons sont de la forme

\begin{cases}
\mathrm{\Delta }u−\left(c + \mathrm{\alpha }\left(y\right)\right)∂_{1}\:u + f\left(u\right) = 0&\text{in }\mathrm{\Sigma } \\
\frac{∂u}{∂\mathrm{\nu }} = 0 &\mathrm{on }∂\sum \\
u\left(−∞,.\right) = 0,\qquad u\left( + ∞,.\right) = 1
\end{cases}

où l’on cherche à déterminer le paramètre

c\in \textup{R}

et la fonctions

u

. Le coefficient

{\alpha } \in \mathrm{C}^{0}\left(\bar {\omega }\right)

ainsi que le terme non linéaire

f: [0, 1] → \textup{R}

sont donnés. (Des coefficients plus généraux que

c+ α(y)

, du type

β(y, c)

sont également traités.)

Nous obtenons une résolution essentiellement complète de ce problème. Les résultats varient avec le type de nonlinéarité

f

. Lorsque

f

est du type « bistable » ou bien du type avec température d’ignition dans les modèles de combustion, nous montrons l’existence et l’unicité de

c

et du profil

u

. Dans le cas où

f > 0

sur

(0, 1)

, nous montrons lexistence de

c^* \in \textup{R}

tel quune solution existe si et seulement si

c ≧ c^*

. Ces résultats étendent aux dimensions supérieures divers travaux classiques en dimension un. En particulier, ils généralisent le résultat de Kolmogorov, Petrovsky et Piskounov.
A general approach to the existence of minimizers of one-dimensional non-coercive integrals of the calculus of variations
Authors: Botteron Bernard , Marcellini Paolo 
Published: February 2017

We present a general approach to get the existence of minimizers for a class of one-dimensional non-parametric integrals of the calculus of variations with non-coercive integrands. Motivated by the concrete applicative relevance of the problems, we extend the notion of solution to a class of locally absolutely continuous functions with generic boundary values. We extend by lower semi-continuity the functionals and we prove for them representation formulae. Assuming some structure conditions on the partial derivatives of the integrand, we obtain some

\mathrm{W}_{\mathrm{loc}}^{1,\:∞}

a priori
estimates that we use as a main tool to get existence. The results are then applied to get existence theorems for the classical Fermat’s problem and for recent optimal foraging models of behavioural ecology.

Résumé

On présente une approche générale pour obtenir l’existence de minimiseurs pour une classe d’intégrales unidimensionnelles non paramétriques du calcul des variations avec intégrandes non coercitives. En vue des applications concrètes, on étend la notion de solution à une classe de fonctions absolument continues localement ayant des valeurs aux bords génériques. On étend par semi-continuité les fonctionnelles pour lesquelles on prouve des formules de représentation. Supposant quelques conditions de structure sur les dérivées partielles de l’intégrande, on obtient
a priori
des estimations

\mathrm{W}_{\mathrm{loc}}^{1,\:∞}

que l’on utilise pour obtenir l’existence. Les résultats sont ensuite appliqués à des exemples classiques (notamment au problème de Fermât) et à des modèles récents d’approvisionnement optimal en écologie du comportement, pour lesquels on démontre des théorèmes d’existence.
Removable singularities for the Yang-Mills-Higgs equations in two dimensions
Authors: Smith P.D. 
Published: February 2017

We prove that under a holonomy decay condition; with

L^1

growth of curvature and integral growth bounds on the Higgs field (depending on the sign of the coupling constant) that isolated point singularities of the Yang–Mills–Higgs equations on a vector bundle over a 2-dimensional manifold are removable by a smooth gauge transformation.

Résumé

Sujet à la condition d’une holonomie asymptotiquement triviale, avec croissance de courbure dans

L^1

et des bornes sur 1 a croissance du champ de Higgs (qui dépendent du signe de la constante de couplage), données par des intégrales, nous prouvons que les points singuliers isolés des équations de Yang–Mills–Higgs d’un espace fibré vectoriel sur une variété de dimension 2 peuvent être enlevés par une transformation de jauge lisse.
On the non-existence of energy stable minimal cones
Authors: Dierkes Ulrich 
Published: February 2017

We show that there are no non-trivial (potential) energy stable minimal cones in

ℝ^n × ℝ^+

with singularity at

0

, if

2 ≦ n ≦ 5

. The sharpness of this result is demonstrated by proving that a certain six dimensional cone in

ℝ^7

is stable. Moreover, we extend all results to the more general

α

-energy functional.

Résumé

L’on démontre que, si

2 ≦ n ≦ 5

, il n’existe pas dans

ℝ^n × ℝ^+

de cônes minimaux stables en énergie. Ce résultat est optimal, car l’on exhibe dans

ℝ^7

un cône de dimension 6 qui est stable. On étend également ces résultats à des fonctionnelles d’énergie plus générales.
On removable singularities of p-harmonic maps
Authors: Duzaar F. , Fuchs M. 
Published: February 2017

For the unit ball

\mathrm B_1

in

ℝ^n

and a Riemannian manifold

\mathrm M

we consider mappings

u: \mathrm B_1 – \{0\} → \mathrm M

of class

\mathrm{C}^{1}\left(\mathrm{B}_{1}−\left\{0\right\},\mathrm{M}\right) \cap \mathrm{H}^{1,p}\left(\mathrm{B}_{1},ℝ^{k}\right)

which are stationary points of the

p

-energy functional

\mathbb E_1(u)=\int_{\mathrm B_1} | Du|^p dx

for some exponent

p ≧ 2

. We shall prove that the point singularity at the origin is removable provided the

p

-energy is sufficiently small. There are no
a priori
assumptions on the image of

u

in

\mathrm M

.

Résumé

On considère la fonctionnelle d’énergie d’ordre

p

:

\mathbb E_1(u)=\int_{\mathrm B_1} | Du|^p dx

où

\mathrm B_1

est la boule unité de

ℝ^n

,

\mathrm M

est une variété riemannienne, et

u: \mathrm B_1 – \{0\} → \mathrm M

est de classe

\mathrm C^1 ∩ \mathrm H^1

,

p

avec

p ≧ 2

.On montre que si

u

est un point critique de , la singularité à l’origine disparaît dès que est assez petit, sans qu’il soit besoin de faire d’hypothèse sur l’image de

u

dans

\mathrm M

.
Homoclinic orbits for a singular second order Hamiltonian system
Authors: Tanaka Kazunaga 
Published: February 2017

We consider the second order Hamiltonian system:

\"q + \mathrm{V}'(q) = 0

where

q = (q_1, …, q_N) \in \mathbf R^N

(

N ≧ 3

) and

\mathrm V:\mathbf R^N\setminus \{e\} → \mathbf R

(

e\in \mathbf R^N

) is a potential with a singularity,
i.e
.,

|\mathrm V(q)| → ∞

as

q →e

. We prove the existence of a homoclinic orbit of (HS) under suitable assumptions. Our main assumptions are the strong force condition of Gordon [8] and the uniqueness of a global maximum of

\mathrm V

.

Résumé
On considère le système hamiltonien du second ordre

\"q + \mathrm{V}'(q) = 0

où

q = (q_1, …, q_N) \in \mathbf R^N

(

N ≧ 3

) et

\mathrm V:\mathbf R^N\setminus \{e\} → \mathbf R

est un potentiel singulier :

|\mathrm V(q)| → ∞

quand

q →e

. On montre alors l’existence d’une orbite homocline, sous l’hypothèse dite de « strong farce » (Gordon [8]) et à condition que le maximum de

\mathrm V

soit unique.
A characterization of maps in H1(B3, S2) which can be approximated by smooth maps
Authors: Bethuel F. 
Published: February 2017

We characterize the maps in

H^1(B^3, S^2)

which can be approximated by smooth ones.

Résumé

Nous caractérisons les applications de

H^1(B^3, S^2)

qui peuvent être approchées par des applications régulières.
A new approach to initial traces in nonlinear filtration
Authors: Andreucci D. , Di Benedetto E. 
Published: February 2017

For weak solutions of equations of the type of nonlinear filtration in

\mathbf R^N × (0, T)

,

0 < T < ∞

, we prove precise sup-estimates and local and global Harnack type inequalities. These estimations permit to identify the initial traces and describe the behavior of such solutions as

|x| → ∞

.

The main point is to introduce a new approach, free of the specific features of the porous medium equation such as homogeneity, scaling, quasi-convexity, etc. This approach on one hand allows generalizations to a large variety of equations and on other yields new results on gradient averages.

Résumé

On démontre des inégalités de Harnack locales et globales, ainsi des majorations pour des solutions faibles des équations de filtrage non linéaire dans

\mathbf R^N × (0, T)

, pour

T < ∞

. Ces estimations permettent d’identifier les traces initiales et de décrire le comportement des solutions quand

|x| → ∞

.
On a partial differential equation involving the Jacobian determinant
Authors: Dacorogna Bernard , Moser Jürgen 
Published: February 2017

Let

Ω ⊂ ℝ^n

a bounded open set and

f > 0

in

\bar{\mathrm{\Omega }}

satisfying

\int _{\mathrm{\Omega }}f(x)\:dx = \text{meas}\:\mathrm{\Omega }

. We study existence and regularity of diffeomorphismsn

u:\bar{\mathrm{\Omega }}\rightarrow \bar{\mathrm{\Omega }}

such that

\begin{cases}
\det \nabla \:u\:\:(x) = f(x),&\:x \in \mathrm{\Omega } \\
u\:(x) = x,&\:x \in ∂\mathrm{\Omega }.
\end{cases}

Résumé

Soit

Ω ⊂ ℝ^n

un ouvert borné et soit

ƒ > 0

dans

\bar{\mathrm{\Omega }}

satisfaisant

\int _{\mathrm{\Omega }}f(x)\:dx = \text{mes}\:\mathrm{\Omega }

. On étudie l’existence et la régularité de difféomorphismes

u:\bar{\mathrm{\Omega }}\rightarrow \bar{\mathrm{\Omega }}

tels que

\begin{cases}
\det \nabla \:u\:\:(x) = f(x),&\:x \in \mathrm{\Omega } \\
u\:(x) = x,&\:x \in ∂\mathrm{\Omega }.
\end{cases}
Cats, Crocodiles, Cattle, and More: Initial Steps Toward Establishing a Chronology of Ancient Egyptian Animal Mummies
Authors: Richardin Pascale , Porcier Stéphanie , Ikram Salima , Louarn Gaëtan , Berthet Didier 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe ancient Egyptians mummified animals as part of cultic activity from the Late Period into the Roman era (7th century BC to the 4th century AD). Necropolises have provided millions of animal mummies, reflecting the religious fervor of Egyptians with regard to sacred animal cults during this period. Despite the number of sites containing mummies, and the number of mummies themselves, surprisingly little is known with regard to the nuances in the dating of the cults’ popularity and activities. As part of a multidisciplinary project, we have conducted a series of radiocarbon dates based on a group of animal mummies from the collection of the Musée des Confluences in Lyon, France. Thus, 63 specimens of animal mummies and their wrappings were analyzed to provide a range of dates for this practice. Results show that some correlations can be made between the popularity of particular species and the time period in which they were mummified. Monkeys and goats appear to have been among the first mummified species (from 800 BC), while antelopes appear to be a later addition to the corpus (30 BC to 4th century AD), thereby reflecting changes in thought processes, religious beliefs, and economic imperatives over time.
Readiness and Age of School Entry: In Context
Authors: Miller Steve 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTIn this paper I put forward the view that a number of forces come to bear in educational policy decisions of the nature of age of school entry, and suggest that pressures exerted by community groups and parental expectations have a more direct influence on those decisions than the positions that researchers may propose. The debate in fact moves away somewhat from considerations of the psychological evidence on the optimal age of entry to achieving administratively workable policies, and to ensuring that educationalsystems create programs which are appropriate for young children.
Anti-leukemic activity and tolerability of anti-human CD47 monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Pietsch E C , Dong J , Cardoso R , Zhang X , Chin D , Hawkins R , Dinh T , Zhou M , Strake B , Feng P-H , Rocca M , Santos C Dos , Shan X , Danet-Desnoyers G , Shi F , Kaiser E , Millar H J , Fenton S , Swanson R , Nemeth J A , Attar R M 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCD47, a broadly expressed cell surface protein, inhibits cell phagocytosis via interaction with phagocyte-expressed SIRPα. A variety of hematological malignancies demonstrate elevated CD47 expression, suggesting that CD47 may mediate immune escape. We discovered three unique CD47-SIRPα blocking anti-CD47 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with low nano-molar affinity to human and cynomolgus monkey CD47, and no hemagglutination and platelet aggregation activity. To characterize the anti-cancer activity elicited by blocking CD47, the mAbs were cloned into effector function silent and competent Fc backbones. Effector function competent mAbs demonstrated potent activityin vitroandin vivo,while effector function silent mAbs demonstrated minimal activity, indicating that blocking CD47 only leads to a therapeutic effect in the presence of Fc effector function. A non-human primate study revealed that the effector function competent mAb IgG1 C47B222-(CHO) decreased red blood cells (RBC), hematocrit and hemoglobin by >40% at 1 mg/kg, whereas the effector function silent mAb IgG2σ C47B222-(CHO) had minimal impact on RBC indices at 1 and 10 mg/kg. Taken together, our findings suggest that targeting CD47 is an attractive therapeutic anti-cancer approach. However, the anti-cancer activity observed with anti-CD47 mAbs is Fc effector dependent as are the side effects observed on RBC indices.
Spin-dependent quantum interference in photoemission process from spin-orbit coupled states
Authors: Yaji Koichiro , Kuroda Kenta , Toyohisa Sogen , Harasawa Ayumi , Ishida Yukiaki , Watanabe Shuntaro , Chen Chuangtian , Kobayashi Katsuyoshi , Komori Fumio , Shin Shik 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSpin–orbit interaction entangles the orbitals with the different spins. The spin–orbital-entangled states were discovered in surface states of topological insulators. However, the spin–orbital-entanglement is not specialized in the topological surface states. Here, we show the spin–orbital texture in a surface state of Bi(111) by laser-based spin- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (laser-SARPES) and describe three-dimensional spin-rotation effect in photoemission resulting from spin-dependent quantum interference. Our model reveals that, in the spin–orbit-coupled systems, the spins pointing to the mutually opposite directions are independently locked to the orbital symmetries. Furthermore, direct detection of coherent spin phenomena by laser-SARPES enables us to clarify the phase of the dipole transition matrix element responsible for the spin direction in photoexcited states. These results permit the tuning of the spin polarization of optically excited electrons in solids with strong spin–orbit interaction.