bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anaerobic co‐digestion of perennials: Methane potential and digestate nitrogen fertilizer value
Authors: Müller‐Stöver Dorette Sophie , Sun Guotao , Kroff Pablo , Thomsen Sune Tjalfe , Hauggaard‐Nielsen Henrik 
Published: September 2016

AbstractCo‐digestion of crop biomass improves the traditional manure‐based biogas yield due to an increased content of easily degradable carbon compounds. In this study, the methane potential of three perennials (grass, legumes, and grass+legume) was determined using various amounts together with animal manure. The nitrogen (N) mineralization dynamics in soil and the N‐fertilizer value of the derived digestates were subsequently tested in both a soil incubation study and a pot experiment with spring barley. Digestion of all tested perennials together with a manure‐based inoculum increased the cumulative methane yield four to five times compared to digestion of the inoculum alone, with the highest increases observed with pure grass. However, the methane potential decreased along with increasing grass biomass concentration. In the plant pot experiment, all tested digestates increased barley shoot biomass by 40–170%, to an extent statistically comparable to mineral N fertilizer. However, the application of the digestate originating from fermentation with pure grass resulted in lower plant growth and a more fluctuating soil mineral N content throughout the incubation study compared to the other digestates. Considering the high dry matter and methane yield ha−1, the possibility to substitute mineral N fertilizer inputs by leguminous biological N2 fixation capacity, and the digestate fertilizer value, the integration of grass–legume mixtures or sole legumes into anaerobic digestion systems as co‐substrate for manure seems to be promising. This could furthermore contribute to the diversification of cropping systems for bioenergy production.
Removal of six pesticide residues in cowpea with alkaline electrolysed water
Authors: Han Yongtao , Song Le , An Quanshun , Pan Canping 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDReduction of six pesticide residues (isoprocarb, chlorpyrifos, bifenthrin, beta‐cypermethrin, difenoconazole and azoxystrobin) in cowpea by alkaline electrolysed water (AlEW) solutions with different pH was investigated. The commonly used washing treatments in household processing were used for comparison.RESULTSThe residue magnitudes were determined by gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GC‐MS/MS). Results showed that the removal effect of AlEW solution on the six pesticides was superior to tap water, 5% sodium chloride, 5% sodium carbonate and 5% acetic acid solution. AlEW with pH 12.2 had more potential to eliminate the six pesticides in cowpeas. Moreover, the reduction of pesticide residues gradually increased with the increase of washing time.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated that AlEW solution with pH of 12.2 could be used to reduce pesticide residues on fresh cowpea samples. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Advantages of day‐before lymphoscintigraphy and undiluted methylene blue dye injections for sentinel lymph node biopsies for melanoma
Authors: Dinh Kate H. , Harris Ariana F. , LaFemina Jennifer , Whalen Giles F. , Sullivan Mary , Licho Robert , Hill Thomas , Lambert Laura A. 
Published: September 2016

Background and ObjectivesLymphatic mapping (LM) and blue dye injections are essential to identification of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) for melanoma. LM is performed the day before (DB) or the same day (SD) of surgery, but the optimal timing is unknown. Similarly, methylene blue (MB), used during SLN biopsy (SLNB), is administered diluted (dMB) or undiluted (uMB), but the relative efficacies are unknown.MethodsPatients who underwent SLNB for melanoma from 2009 to 2013 at our institution were evaluated. Outcomes included operative correlation with LM, SLN identification, and postoperative complications.ResultsOne hundred seventy‐one patients underwent SLNB. Sixty‐seven (39%) had DB LM. Sixty‐seven (39%) received uMB. Operative findings correlated with both LM groups, though the DB patients had lower background count (P = 0.018) and lower highest SLN radioactive signal count (P = 0.046). More uMB patients had blue SLNs (90% vs. 68%, P = 0.001). There was no difference in the total number of SLNs or complication rates in the LM and MB groups.ConclusionsThis is the first study to compare the use of DB LM with SD LM and the efficacy of uMB versus dMB. DB LM and uMB offer advantageous alternatives for patients and their surgeons without loss of accuracy or increased morbidity. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:947–950. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Association between age and overall survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatic resection
Authors: Tan Jun‐Tao , Zhao Chang , Peng Ning‐Fu , Yang Yang , Zhong Jian‐Hong , Yang Tian , Zheng Ming‐Hua , Wang Yan‐Yan , Gong Wen‐Feng , Xiang Bang‐De , Li Le‐Qun 
Published: September 2016

AimThe suitability of hepatic resection for older patients remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate whether age influences overall survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after resection.MethodsRecords of 1,132 patients with HCC after hepatic resection were retrospectively reviewed. Overall survival (OS) was compared between younger and older patients based on five cut‐off ages (30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 years).ResultsAcross all patients, OS was 89.7% at 1 year, 67.7% at 3 years, and 47.7% at 5 years. OS was similar between younger and older patients at all cut‐off ages (all P > 0.1), but OS was marginally lower among patients >70 years old than those ≤70 (P = 0.090). Multivariate analyses identified several risk factors for lower OS: preoperative serum albumin <35 g/L, alanine aminotransferase >80 U/L, α‐fetoprotein ≥400 ng/ml, presence of esophagogastric varices or macrovascular invasion, incomplete/absent tumor capsule, tumor size >10 cm, tumor number ≥3, and major hepatectomy.ConclusionAge does not influence the prognosis of patients with HCC after hepatic resection. Older patients should be considered for curative resection if remnant liver volume and liver function are adequate. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:966–970. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Actual 10‐year survivors following resection of adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: Tran Thuy B. , Postlewait Lauren M. , Maithel Shishir K. , Prescott Jason D. , Wang Tracy S. , Glenn Jason , Phay John E. , Keplinger Kara , Fields Ryan C. , Jin Linda X. , Weber Sharon M. , Salem Ahmed , Sicklick Jason K. , Gad Shady , Yopp Adam C. , Mansour John C. , Duh Quan‐Yang , Seiser Natalie , Solorzano Carmen C. , Kiernan Colleen M. , Votanopoulos Konstantinos I. , Levine Edward A. , Hatzaras Ioannis , Shenoy Rivfka , Pawlik Timothy M. , Norton Jeffrey A. , Poultsides George A. 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundAdrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with limited therapeutic options beyond surgical resection. The characteristics of actual long‐term survivors following surgical resection for ACC have not been previously reported.MethodPatients who underwent resection for ACC at one of 13 academic institutions participating in the US Adrenocortical Carcinoma Group from 1993 to 2014 were analyzed. Patients were stratified into four groups: early mortality (died within 2 years), late mortality (died within 2–5 years), actual 5‐year survivor (survived at least 5 years), and actual 10‐year survivor (survived at least 10 years). Patients with less than 5 years of follow‐up were excluded.ResultsAmong the 180 patients available for analysis, there were 49 actual 5‐year survivors (27%) and 12 actual 10‐year survivors (7%). Patients who experienced early mortality had higher rates of cortisol‐secreting tumors, nodal metastasis, synchronous distant metastasis, and R1 or R2 resections (all P < 0.05). The need for multi‐visceral resection, perioperative blood transfusion, and adjuvant therapy correlated with early mortality. However, nodal involvement, distant metastasis, and R1 resection did not preclude patients from becoming actual 10‐year survivors. Ten of twelve actual 10‐year survivors were women, and of the seven 10‐year survivors who experienced disease recurrence, five had undergone repeat surgery to resect the recurrence.ConclusionSurgery for ACC can offer a 1 in 4 chance of actual 5‐year survival and a 1 in 15 chance of actual 10‐year survival. Long‐term survival was often achieved with repeat resection for local or distant recurrence, further underscoring the important role of surgery in managing patients with ACC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:971–976. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development of Novel Photoinitiators as Substitutes of Camphorquinone for the LED Induced Polymerization of Methacrylates: A Bis‐Silyl Ketone
Authors: Graff Bernadette , Klee Joachim E. , Fik Christoph , Maier Maximilian , Fouassier Jean Pierre , Lalevée Jacques 
Published: September 2016

A new photoinitiator based on a bis‐silylketone (BSK) structure is proposed as a novel compound leading to highly efficient initiating silyl radicals for the polymerization of methacrylates (e.g., a bisphenol A‐glycidyl methacrylate/triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate blend (70%/30% w/w)) upon exposure to a blue light emitting diode and a green laser diode. The polymerization profiles are recorded by real time Fourier transform IR (FTIR) spectroscopy. Absorption, fluorescence, electron spin resonance (ESR), and steady state experiments are used to investigate the involved chemical mechanisms. Molecular orbital calculations are also carried out. Remarkably, BSK efficiently works in the presence of an iodonium salt. The overall mechanism for the initiation step is clarified. This novel class of silyl radical generating photoinitiators is really promising for the photopolymerization of methacrylates, e.g., in dental materials.
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Ectopic implantation of an avulsed scalp with a tissue expander on a forearm for combined total scalp avulsion and spine injuries: A case report
Authors: Xu Hua , Zhang Yi , He Jinguang , Lin Yuan , Wang Tao , Dong Jiasheng 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTotal scalp avulsion with severe cervical spine injury is a contraindication for emergency replantation of the scalp to its anatomical site. We describe a case involving the ectopic implantation of an avulsed scalp on the forearm. A 41‐year‐old woman presented with severe total scalp avulsion and tears in the intervertebral discs at the C4/5 and C5/6 levels. The avulsed scalp was ectopically implanted on the left forearm with a tissue expander to provide support. Two‐stage replantation of the scalp at its anatomical site was performed 19 and 40 days later. Replantation was successful, and the avulsed tissue exhibited excellent viability. In conclusion, this case shows that the ectopic implantation of the avulsed scalp on the forearm may be an option for total scalp avulsion with cervical spine injury.
Combining a reduced field of excitation with SENSE‐based parallel imaging for maximum imaging efficiency
Authors: Mooiweer Ronald , Sbrizzi Alessandro , Raaijmakers Alexander J.E. , van den Berg Cornelis A.T. , Luijten Peter R. , Hoogduin Hans 
Published: September 2016

PurposeTo show that a combination of parallel imaging using sensitivity encoding (SENSE) and inner volume imaging (IVI) combines the known benefits of both techniques. SENSE with a reduced field of excitation (rFOX) is termed rSENSE.Theory and MethodsThe noise level in SENSE reconstructions is reduced by removing voxels from the unfolding process that are rendered silent by using rFOX. The silent voxels need to be identified beforehand, this is done by using rFOX in the coil sensitivity maps. In vivo experiments were performed at 7 Tesla using a 32‐channel receive coil.ResultsGood image quality could be obtained in vivo with rSENSE at acceleration factors that are higher than could be obtained using SENSE or IVI alone. With rSENSE we were also able to accelerate scans using an rFOX that was purposely designed to be imperfect or incompatible at all with IVI.ConclusionrSENSE has been demonstrated in vivo with two‐dimensionally selective radiofrequency pulses. Besides allowing additional scan acceleration, it offers a greater robustness and flexibility than IVI. The proposed method can be used with other field strengths, anatomies and other rFOX techniques. Magn Reson Med 78:88–96, 2017. © 2016 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
Oligomeric bisphenol A‐based PEEK‐like phthalonitrile‐cure and polymer properties
Authors: Keller Teddy M. , Dominguez Dawn D. , Laskoski Matthew 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTThe cure behavior and properties of oligomeric bisphenol A‐based PEEK‐like phthalonitrile (PN) are thoroughly examined in this article. The resin is easily processed from the melt at a relatively low temperature (150–200 °C) and the monomer cure occurs in a controlled manner as a function of the amine content and processing thermal conditions. Dynamic mechanical measurements and thermogravimetric analysis show that the polymer properties improve as the maximum PN postcure temperature is increased to 415 °C. The effects of the amine and polymer postcure conditions on the flexural and tensile properties of the PN polymer are investigated. The mechanical properties of the polymer are maximized after postcuring to moderate temperatures (330–350 °C). The polymer exhibits an average flexural strength and tensile strength at break of 117 and 71 MPa, respectively. After oxidative aging at 302 °C for 100 h, the polymer retains excellent mechanical properties. The average flexural and tensile strength retention of the polymers are 81 and 75%, respectively. Microscale calorimetric measurements reveal that the flammability parameters of the oligomeric PN are low compared to other thermosets. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016, 54, 3769–3777
Flash DSC crystallization study for blown film grade bimodal HDPE resins. I. Isothermal kinetics and its application of the blown film modeling
Authors: Treviño‐Quintanilla Cecilia D. , Krishnamoorti Ramanan , Bonilla‐Ríos Jaime 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTIsothermal ultra‐cooling crystallization tests were conducted on three blown film grade bimodal HDPE resins using an ultrafast scanning calorimeter, the Flash DSC. Isothermal tests were performed to study the regime transition, the thermal nucleation and the spherulitical growth using the Hoffman‐Lauritzen theory in a range between 90 °C and 116 °C. Temperature profile estimations using such data were in good agreement with actual blown film process data. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016, 54, 2425–2431
Solution structure of protein synthesis initiation factor 1 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Hu Yanmei , Bernal Alejandra , Bullard James M. , Zhang Yonghong 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen and a primary cause of nosocomial infection in humans. The rate of antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa is increasing worldwide leading to an unmet need for discovery of new chemical compounds distinctly different from present antimicrobials. Protein synthesis is an essential metabolic process and a validated target for the development of new antibiotics. Initiation factor 1 from P. aeruginosa (Pa‐IF1) is the smallest of the three initiation factors that act to establish the 30S initiation complex during initiation of protein biosynthesis. Here we report the characterization and solution NMR structure of Pa‐IF1. Pa‐IF1 consists of a five‐stranded β‐sheet with an unusual extended β‐strand at the C‐terminus and one short α‐helix arranged in the sequential order β1‐β2‐β3‐α1‐β4‐β5. The structure adopts a typical β‐barrel fold and contains an oligomer‐binding motif. A cluster of basic residues (K39, R41, K42, K64, R66, R70, and R72) located on the surface of strands β4 and β5 near the short α‐helix may compose the binding interface with the 30S subunit.
Effect of La doping on interface barrier between Si‐passivated Ge and insulating HfO2
Authors: Kolomiiets Nadiia M. , Afanas'ev Valery V. , Madia Oreste , Cott Daire J. , Collaert Nadine , Thean Aaron , Stesmans Andre 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBy analyzing internal photoemission of electrons from Si/SiOx‐passivated Ge into insulating HfO2 we found that insertion of additional La interlayer between SiOx and HfO2 leads to dramatic increase (more than by factor of 20) of the barrier transparency. However, no measurable variation of the interface barrier height is observed suggesting that La induces intermixing of near‐interface oxide stack resulting in development of additional density of states corresponding to conduction band of LaOx and HfOx sub‐networks. At the same time, photoemission results indicate the presence of discrete positive charges in the near‐interface oxide layer which may explain the observed ∼1 V shift of capacitance‐voltage curves. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Theoretical study of selenium and tellurium impurities in (ZnO)6 clusters using DFT and TDDFT
Authors: Bensiradj Nour El Houda , Saal Amar , Dekhira Azeddine , Ouamerali Ourida 
Published: September 2016

AbstractZinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures have attracted much interest due to their potential applications in various fields including optoelectronics, glass industries, and solar cells. These compounds hold the promise of creating new materials that can advance energy technologies. In this work, a series of (ZnO)6 clusters with selenium and tellurium applied as substitutional impurities has been studied. The investigated structures have been produced through the doping of (ZnO)6 clusters by replacing an oxygen atom with a selenium or a tellurium atom at each time. The ground state geometric parameters of (ZnO)6 structures, containing selenium or tellurium atoms as substitutional impurities, were calculated using density functional theory (DFT) with B3LYP and LanL2DZ basis set. Excited state energies and absorption wavelengths were computed using time‐dependent‐DFT (TDDFT). For the calculation of emission wavelengths, Hartree–Fock configuration interaction singles (HF/CIS) has been used in order to perform the excited state geometry optimization. This work led to some important results that can be helpful for developing novel THz sensitive materials and imaging detectors that may be an alternative to x‐rays detectors for radiology as well as for the development of solar cells and electroluminescent diodes. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures have attracted growing interest due to their potential applications in many technological fields, including optoelectronics, the glass industry, and energy. The presence of impurities, in particular selenium and tellurium, in ZnO‐based clusters can affect their structural and spectroscopic properties. Some of these doped nanostructures have favorable Terahertz emission characteristics that make them good candidates for applications in biology and medicine.
Robust weighted fusion Kalman estimators for multisensor systems with multiplicative noises and uncertain‐covariances linearly correlated white noises
Authors: Liu Wen‐Qiang , Wang Xue‐Mei , Deng Zi‐Li 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThis paper addresses the design of robust weighted fusion Kalman estimators for a class of uncertain multisensor systems with linearly correlated white noises. The uncertainties of the systems include the same multiplicative noises perturbations both on the systems state and measurement output and the uncertain noise variances. The measurement noises and process noise are linearly correlated. By introducing two fictitious noises, the system under consideration is converted into one with only uncertain noise variances. According to the minimax robust estimation principle, based on the worst‐case systems with the conservative upper bounds of the noise variances, the four robust weighted fusion time‐varying Kalman estimators are presented in a unified framework, which include three robust weighted state fusion estimators with matrix weights, diagonal matrix weights, scalar weights, and a modified robust covariance intersection fusion estimator. The robustness of the designed fusion estimators is proved by using the Lyapunov equation approach such that their actual estimation error variances are guaranteed to have the corresponding minimal upper bounds for all admissible uncertainties. The accuracy relations among the robust local and fused time‐varying Kalman estimators are proved. The corresponding robust local and fused steady‐state Kalman estimators are also presented, a simulation example with application to signal processing to show the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Composition–controlled Synthesis of PtCuNPs Shells on Copper Nanowires as Electrocatalysts
Authors: Cheng Daojian , Wu Dengfeng , Xu Haoxiang , Fisher Adrian 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPtCuNPs‐shells with adjustable composition on copper nanowires (CuNWs) are synthesized in an organic solvent. Transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurement techniques are used to analyze the structure and surface composition of the as‐prepared PtCuNPs‐coated CuNWs (PtCu/CuNWs). The XPS results verify that the incorporation of Cu in the PtCuNPs‐shells modified electronic state of Pt, which could further tune the formic acid oxidation (FAO) activity. Electrochemical measurements show that their FAO activities are strongly dependent on the PtCuNPs‐shells composition. Our results show that PtCu/CuNWs with atom Pt:Cu ratio of 2:15 (PtCu/CuNWs‐(2:15)) have the optimal shell composition and show the best FAO performance, with a specific activity of 0.92 mA cmPt−2 and a mass activity of 0.54 A mgpt−1 at 0.5 V (vs. RHE), which are 6.6‐ and 6.0‐fold enhancements over those of the commercial Pt/C (0.14 mA cmPt−2 and 0.09 A mgpt−1) catalyst.
Pd‐Catalyzed Reductive Carbonylation‐Ring Closure of Aryl Halides: A Direct Approach for Synthesis of Benzimidazoles
Authors: Etemadi‐Davan Elham , Iranpoor Nasser , Khalili Dariush 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA novel protocol is reported for the facile one‐pot benzimidazole derivatives formation from Pd‐catalyzed reaction of aryl halides (X=I, Br, ‐Cl), Fe(CO)5, and o‐diaminobenzene or o‐nitroaniline. Aryl halides are first converted to aryl aldehydes using Fe(CO)5 which then undergo ring closure with o‐diaminobenzene or o‐nitroaniline in DMF at 110 °C under Ar. In the case of o‐nitroaniline, the reduction of the nitro group takes place before the cyclization step in the presence of reducing agents such as Fe(CO)5, released CO, Pd(0) and also P(III) in the reaction mixture. There is no need for employing P(III) ligand in case of aryl iodides while P(III) ligand is necessary for aryl bromides and chlorides to facilitate the reaction. In this reaction, Fe(CO)5 is not only responsible as the CO source and reduction of ‐NO2 functionality in o‐nitroaniline, but also produces iron oxides residue in the reaction which are responsible for the dehydrogenation step.