bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐Assembly of Bare/Polymer‐Grafted Nanoparticle Blends in Homopolymer
Authors: Sriramoju Kishore Kumar , Padmanabhan Venkat 
Published: October 2016

The self‐assembly of a binary blend of nanoparticles in a homopolymer matrix using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations is studied here. The systems consist of polymer matrix, “bare” ungrafted spherical nanoparticles and polymer‐grafted nanoparticles, where the particle cores are identical and grafted chains are similar to matrix polymer. It is observed that addition of grafted nanoparticles to a blend of polymer and bare particles can result in the formation of anisotropic structures. By carefully selecting the graft density and molecular weight of the grafted chains, the clusters go from spherical to cylindrical to branched cylinders. This study suggests that it is indeed possible to control the morphology of bare nanoparticles in polymer without directly modifying their surface properties. It is believed that this phenomenon might be of high importance, especially in cases such as polymer‐based solar cells, where it is not feasible to graft the nanoparticles with polymer chains to achieve a greater level of control over the morphology.
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Quantum state transfer control based on the optimal measurement
Authors: Harraz Sajede , Yang Jingbei , Li Kezhi , Cong Shuang 
Published: October 2016

SummaryThis paper explores the optimal control of quantum state transfer in a two‐dimensional quantum system by a sequence of non‐selective projection measurements. We show that for a given initial state, one can always find the corresponding projection operator that can effectively drive the given initial state to any arbitrary target pure state. An external control field is proposed to compensate the effect of the free evolution of system. Numerical simulations and characteristics analysis are given in three cases: without considering free evolution, considering free evolution, and with the action of external control field. The simulating experimental results show that the optimal measurement control is more effective by using proposed external control field. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dissociation pathways for the molecular cation of 3,4‐dichloro‐1,2,5‐thiadiazole: A time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and computational study
Authors: Srinivas D. , Upadhyaya Hari P. 
Published: October 2016

Rationale1,2,5‐Thiadiazoles are an important class of compounds mostly used in synthetic chemistry, and as herbicides, insecticides, drugs, organic conductors, etc. Recently, they have been used as a source for the generation and study of nitrile N‐sulfides, RCNS, and its isomers. In this study, we monitor the fragmentation pattern of ionic halogenated 1,2,5‐thiadiazoles, namely, 3,4‐dichloro‐1,2,5‐thiadiazole, which generates the nitrile sulfides, to establish its various dissociation mechanisms.MethodsThe molecular cation of 3,4‐dichloro‐1,2,5‐thiadiazole was prepared using multiphoton excitation using a laser at 235 nm. Various product ions upon fragmentation of the molecular ion were mass analyzed using time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Laser power dependence studies were conducted for various product ions to arrive at the dissociation mechanism. Theoretical calculations were performed for the estimation of the ΔH values for various reactions to support the experimental data.ResultsThe most abundant product ion was observed to be the NS+ radical cation followed by the S+ ion and the SCl+ radical cation. The other product ions such as the CNS+ radical cation and the ClCNS+ and ClCN+ cations were also observed to a lesser extent in the fragmentation pattern of the parent molecular ion. Various dissociation channels were identified and supported with ab initio calculations.ConclusionsIn conclusion, we have studied the fragmentation pattern of the molecular cation of 3,4‐dichloro‐1,2,5‐thiadiazole and the formation mechanisms of various product ions have been assigned. It has been also observed that most of the product ions are nitrile N‐sulfides. Finally, it is inferred that there are two primary paths for the fragmentation of the parent molecular cation, namely, (1) Cl atom migration and subsequent ring opening by N–S bond cleavage and (2) direct ring opening by N–S bond cleavage. The ionization energies were accurately predicted for various species using ab initio calculations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A provably secure anonymous authentication scheme for Session Initiation Protocol
Authors: Chaudhry Shehzad Ashraf , Khan Imran , Irshad Azeem , Ashraf Muhammad Usman , Khan Muhammad Khurram , Ahmad Hafiz Farooq 
Published: October 2016

AbstractRecently, Lu et al. presented a mutual authentication scheme for Session Initiation Protocol. Lu et al. claimed their scheme provides safeguard against familiar attacks and offers efficient authentication facility. However, this paper divulges that the scheme of Lu et al. is prone to server and user impersonation attacks. Additionally, the scheme of Lu et al. implicates correctness concerns. Consequently, an enhanced scheme is proposed, not only to resolve correctness concerns but also to provide robustness against server and user impersonation attacks. The proposed scheme makes use of a user‐specific secret parameter to deal with the security and correctness issues. The formal and informal security analysis proves the robustness and efficiency of the proposed scheme against all familiar attacks. Furthermore, security analysis is also substantiated through popular automated tool PROVERIF. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theoretical and practical aspects of multiple samples correlation power analysis
Authors: Zhang Hailong , Zhou Yongbin , Feng Dengguo 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThere is more than one sample in a power trace, corresponding to the process of the target intermediate value, which are known as interesting points. One can exploit the power leakages at multiple samples to recover the secret key used by the crypto device, and that is the idea of multiple samples correlation power analysis (MSCPA). Considering that the leakage exploitation of MSCPA is more efficient than that of correlation power analysis (CPA), the power of MSCPA should be stronger than that of CPA. We theoretically prove and practically verify this fact. Theoretically, we show the advantage of MSCPA over CPA in terms of the correct key distinguishing level. We show that compared with CPA, MSCPA enlarges the gap between the correlation coefficient computed under the correct key and the correlation coefficients computed under wrong key guesses, which makes the correct key easier to be distinguished. Practically, we evaluate the performance of MSCPA in real scenarios. Using power traces provided by DPA Contest v2 and v4.1, we compare the key‐recovery efficiency of MSCPA with that of CPA. Experimental results show that compared with CPA, MSCPA can reach a higher key‐recovery efficiency in the same scenario. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bio‐based Epoxy Resins from Epoxidized Plant Oils and Their Shape Memory Behaviors
Authors: Tsujimoto Takashi , Takeshita Kohei , Uyama Hiroshi 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn this study, bio‐based epoxy materials containing functionalized plant oil, such as epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and epoxidized linseed oil (ELO), were processed with 4‐methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (MHPA) as a curing agent. In the presence of tetraethylammonium bromide, the curing reaction of epoxidized plant oil and MHPA proceeded at 130 °C to give transparent plant oil‐based epoxy materials. The resulting bio‐based epoxy materials exhibited relatively soft and flexible characters, due to the aliphatic chains of plant oil. The thermal and mechanical properties of the ESO/MHPA polymers depended on the feed molar ratio of anhydride to oxirane. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength and Young's modulus of the ELO/MHPA polymer increased, compared with those of the ESO/MHPA polymer. The glass transition temperature of the ELO/MHPA polymer was higher than that of the ESO/MHPA polymer, because of the high oxirane number of ELO. Furthermore, the ELO/MHPA polymer showed excellent shape memory property.
Dexamethasone‐induced diuresis is associated with inhibition of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system in rats
Authors: Liu Chao , Ge Ning , Zhai Jian‐Long , Zhang Jian‐Xin 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn heart failure (HF) patients, diuretics remain the cornerstone of therapy to relieve fluid retention. However, the resulting volume loss activates the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS), which blunts the decline in volume depletion and blood pressure. RAAS activation, in turn, compromises the diuretic decongesting effect. Although corticosteroids can induce potent diuresis in HF patients, the effects of corticosteroids on RAAS activation remain unclear. Therefore, we assessed the effects of dexamethasone (Dex) on urine output and plasma angiotensin II and aldosterone levels in rats following water deprivation‐induced dehydration, following induction of chronic HF (CHF), and following induction of CHF and volume expansion therapy. In the dehydration model, Dex significantly increased urine output and inhibited dehydration‐induced RAAS activation. This favorable effect was abolished by the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU486, suggesting involvement of the glucocorticoid receptor. In the CHF model, Dex treatments doubled urine output without activating RAAS. Moreover, in acute volume expansion experiments, Dex pretreatments led to potent diuresis during the pretreatment period and restored renal adaptation to acute volume expansion without activating RAAS in rats with CHF. Collectively, these data show that corticosteroids induce potent diuresis without activating RAAS in rats.
Do demographics and tumour-related factors affect nodal yield at neck dissection? A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lim R S , Evans L , George A P , de Alwis N , Stimpson P , Merriel S , Giddings C E B , Billah B , Smith J A , Safdar A , Sigston E 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackground:Nodal metastasis is an important prognostic factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. This study aimed to determine the average nodal basin yield per level of neck dissection, and to investigate if age, gender, body mass index, tumour size, depth of tumour invasion and p16 status influence nodal yield.Method:A retrospective review of 185 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma generated 240 neck dissection specimens.Results:The respective mean nodal yields for levels I, II, III, IV and V were 5.27, 9.43, 8.49, 7.43 and 9.02 in non-cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma patients, and 4.2, 7.57, 9.65, 4.33 and 12.29 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma patients. Multiple regression analysis revealed that p16-positive patients with mucosal squamous cell carcinoma yielded, on average, 2.4 more nodes than their p16-negative peers (p = 0.04, 95 per cent confidence interval = 0.116 to 4.693). This figure was 3.84 (p = 0.008, 95 per cent confidence interval = 1.070 to 6.605) for p16-positive patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.Conclusion:In mucosal squamous cell carcinoma, p16-positive status significantly influenced nodal yield, with the impact being more pronounced in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma patients.
Survival of halophilic Archaea in Earth's cold stratosphere
Authors: DasSarma P. , Laye V.J. , Harvey J. , Reid C. , Shultz J. , Yarborough A. , Lamb A. , Koske-Phillips A. , Herbst A. , Molina F. , Grah O. , Phillips T. , DasSarma S. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractHalophilic Archaea are known to tolerate multiple extreme conditions on Earth and have been proposed as models for astrobiology. In order to assess the importance of cold-adaptation of these microorganisms in surviving stratospheric conditions, we launched live, liquid cultures of two species, the mesophilic model Halobacterium sp. NRC-1 and the cold-adapted Antarctic isolate Halorubrum lacusprofundi ATCC 49239, on helium balloons. After return to Earth, the cold-adapted species showed nearly complete survival while the mesophilic species exhibited slightly reduced viability. Parallel studies found that the cold-adapted species was also better able to survive freezing and thawing in the laboratory. Genome-wide transcriptomic analysis was used to compare the two haloarchaea at optimum growth temperatures versus low temperatures supporting growth. The cold-adapted species displayed perturbation of a majority of genes upon cold temperature exposure, divided evenly between up-regulated and down-regulated genes, while the mesophile exhibited perturbation of only a fifth of its genes, with nearly two-thirds being down-regulated. These results underscore the importance of genetic responses of H. lacusprofundi to cold temperature for enhanced survival in the stratosphere.
Long-term orbital stability of exosolar planetary systems with highly eccentric orbits
Authors: Antoniadou Kyriaki I. , Voyatzis George 
Published: October 2016

AbstractNowadays, many extrasolar planetary systems possessing at least one planet on a highly eccentric orbit have been discovered. In this work, we study the possible long-term stability of such systems. We consider the general three body problem as our model. Highly eccentric orbits are out of the Hill stability regions. However, mean motion resonances can provide phase protection and orbits with long-term stability exist. We construct maps of dynamical stability based on the computation of chaotic indicators and we figure out regions in phase space, where the long-term stability is guaranteed. We focus on regions where at least one planet is highly eccentric and attempt to associate them with the existence of stable periodic orbits. The values of the orbital elements, which are derived from observational data, are often given with very large deviations. Generally, phase space regions of high eccentricities are narrow and thus, our dynamical analysis may restrict considerably the valid domain of the system's location.
Tidal evolution of stars hosting massive close-in planets
Authors: Ferraz-Mello S. , Moda L. F. R. , do Nascimento J. D. , Pereira E. S. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractClose-in massive planets transfer angular momentum to their host stars and influence their rotation through the torques associated with the tides raised on the star by the planet. For a star hosting a hot Jupiter, the limit of distance below which tidal torques cannot be neglected grows from a ~0.04 to a ~0.07 AU as the mass of the planet grows from 0.5 to 4MJup.
As international as they would let us be
Authors: Trimble Virginia 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAstronomers wanting to chart the whole sky, or even part of it, 24/7, must collaborate across nations, continents, and hemispheres. The Greeks were perhaps the first to do this, though Eratosthenes' measurement of the diameter of the earth was done when Alexandria and Syene were both part of Ptolemaic Egypt. The Golden Age of Arabic/Moslem astronomy coincided with times when there were very large caliphates and similar empire-like structures. The situation was very different for European astronomy at all times, with periods of successful international collaborations alternating with periods of disaster. Von Zach's “celestial police” agreed in 1800 at Lilienfeld to divide up the sky and look for the “missing” planet between Mars and Jupiter. The observatory was ransacked and papers burned by retreating Napoleonic soldiers in 1813. Skipping ahead most of a century, the Carte du Ciel, George Ellery Hale's Solar Union, Kapteyn's selected areas, and several other cooperative projects had scarcely started when the Great War broke out, and a German eclipse expedition under Erwin Freundlich, which had gone to the Crimea to look for bending of starlight, was imprisoned. All members eventually got home, but the equipment was never recovered.While British eclipse expeditions organized by Eddington saw the bending of light from Sobral and Principe in 1919, the IAU, founded in the same year, explicitly excluded Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, and the other central powers (even neutrals were not admitted for several years). Indeed Germany did not adhere until 1952. IAU membership now is generally driven by financial issues, but the solution of one nation, two adhering organizations for China was a major victory for international compromise. Coming down to the present, it is interesting that Europe, the site of the outbreak of both the World Wars, has led in the establishment of the European Southern Observatory, the European Space Research Organization (now ESA), and Astronomy and Astrophysics. Even the USA is gradually learning to cooperate with other astronomical nations (though we are still not brilliantly good at it). And the current projects for very large ground-based observing facilities, with acronyms like LOFAR, SKA, GMT, EVLT, and TMT, involve most of Europe, North America, China, Japan, India, and other parts of Asia and South America. A printed version of my FM2 presentation is in press for Vol. 43 (December 2015 issue) of the Journal of American Association of Variable Star Observers (roughly half of whose membership resides outside the US).I thank Gudrun Wolfschmidt for a list of the astronomers who made up the “celestial police”.
The Development of Mauna Kea as an Astronomical Site Panelists: John Jefferies, Ann Boesgaard, Alan Stockton, Eric Becklin, and Alan Tokunaga
Authors: Harmony Teasel Muir , DeVorkin David ,   (moderators)
Published: October 2016

AbstractOn August 11 we held a panel discussion at the 2015 IAU General Assembly, within the three-day Focus Meeting FM2, “Astronomical Heritage: Progressing the UNESCO–IAU Initiative”. Our purpose was to both honor and explore the contributions of John Jefferies to the creation and development of Mauna Kea as an astronomical site.
Behind the Spam: A “Spectral Analysis” of Predatory Publishers
Authors: Beall Jeffrey 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMost researchers today are bombarded with spam email solicitations from questionable scholarly publishers. These emails solicit article manuscripts, editorial board service, and even ad hoc peer reviews. These “predatory” publishers exploit the scholarly publishing process, patterning themselves after legitimate scholarly publishers yet performing little or no peer review and quickly accepting submitted manuscripts and collecting fees from submitting authors. These counterfeit publishers and journals have published much junk science? especially in the field of cosmology? threatening the integrity of the academic record. This paper examines the current state of predatory publishing and advises researchers how to navigate scholarly publishing to best avoid predatory publishers and other scholarly publishing-related perils.
Reliable inference of light curve parameters in the presence of systematics
Authors: Gibson Neale P. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractTime-series photometry and spectroscopy of transiting exoplanets allow us to study their atmospheres. Unfortunately, the required precision to extract atmospheric information surpasses the design specifications of most general purpose instrumentation. This results in instrumental systematics in the light curves that are typically larger than the target precision. Systematics must therefore be modelled, leaving the inference of light-curve parameters conditioned on the subjective choice of systematics models and model-selection criteria. Here, I briefly review the use of systematics models commonly used for transmission and emission spectroscopy, including model selection, marginalisation over models, and stochastic processes. These form a hierarchy of models with increasing degree of objectivity. I argue that marginalisation over many systematics models is a minimal requirement for robust inference. Stochastic models provide even more flexibility and objectivity, and therefore produce the most reliable results. However, no systematics models are perfect, and the best strategy is to compare multiple methods and repeat observations where possible.
Active Asteroids: Main-Belt Comets and Disrupted Asteroids
Authors: Hsieh Henry H. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe study of active asteroids has attracted a great deal of interest in recent years since the recognition of main-belt comets (which orbit in the main asteroid belt, but exhibit comet-like activity due to the sublimation of volatile ices) as a new class of comets in 2006, and the discovery of the first disrupted asteroids (which, unlike MBCs, exhibit comet-like activity due to a physical disruption such as an impact or rotational destabilization, not sublimation) in 2010. In this paper, I will briefly discuss key areas of interest in the study of active asteroids.
The asteroid-comet continuum from laboratory and space analyses of comet samples and micrometeorites
Authors: Engrand Cécile , Duprat Jean , Bardin Noémie , Dartois Emmanuel , Leroux Hugues , Quirico Eric , Benzerara Karim , Remusat Laurent , Dobrică Elena , Delauche Lucie , Bradley John , Ishii Hope , Hilchenbach Martin ,   the COSIMA team
Published: October 2016

AbstractComets are probably the best archives of the nascent solar system, 4.5 Gyr ago, and their compositions reveal crucial clues on the structure and dynamics of the early protoplanetary disk. Anhydrous minerals (olivine and pyroxene) have been identified in cometary dust for a few decades. Surprisingly, samples from comet Wild2 returned by the Stardust mission in 2006 also contain high temperature mineral assemblages like chondrules and refractory inclusions, which are typical components of primitive meteorites (carbonaceous chondrites - CCs). A few Stardust samples have also preserved some organic matter of comet Wild 2 that share some similarities with CCs. Interplanetary dust falling on Earth originate from comets and asteroids in proportions to be further constrained. These cosmic dust particles mostly show similarities with CCs, which in turn only represent a few percent of meteorites recovered on Earth. At least two (rare) families of cosmic dust particles have shown strong evidences for a cometary origin: the chondritic porous interplanetary dust particles (CP-IDPs) collected in the terrestrial stratosphere by NASA, and the ultracarbonaceous Antarctic Micrometeorites (UCAMMs) collected from polar snow and ice by French and Japanese teams. Analyses of dust particles from the Jupiter family comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko by the dust analyzers on Rosetta orbiter (COSIMA, GIADA, MIDAS) suggest a relationship to interplanetary dust/micrometeorites. A growing number of evidences highlights the existence of a continuum between asteroids and comets, already in the early history of the solar system.
Ice-gas interactions during planet formation
Authors: Öberg Karin I. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPlanets form in disks around young stars. In these disks, condensation fronts or snowlines of water, CO2, CO and other abundant molecules regulate the outcome of planet formation. Snowline locations determine how the elemental and molecular compositions of the gaseous and solid building blocks of planets evolve with distance from the central star. Snowlines may also locally increase the planet formation efficiency. Observations of snowlines have only become possible in the past couple of years. This proceeding reviews these observations as well as the theory on the physical and chemical processes in disks that affect snowline locations.
Comet composition and Lab
Authors: Bockelée-Morvan Dominique , Biver Nicolas 
Published: October 2016

AbstractComet composition and properties provide information on chemical and physical processes that occurred in the early Solar system, 4.6 Gyr ago. The study of comets and of star-forming regions both help for a better understanding of the formation of planetary systems. A review of our present knowledge of cometary composition is presented. We also discuss laboratory studies that would be helpful for data analysis.