bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SUBSCRIPTION FRAUD DETECTION USING AUTOENCODER IN CASE OF ETHIOTELECOM
Authors: Wassie Getahun 
Published: October 2024

Nowadays, telecom services are becoming an essential communication and business facilitators. However, the development of telecom services motivates fraudsters for illegal use. Hence, telecom fraud becomes a serious challenge in telecommunication sector by losing telecom revenue. It also results in poor quality of services for their customers. Telecom data, SMS and voice call are not free from security issues. Despite SMS, and USSD services becomes good options over installable mobile based or web based applications due to lesser cost and real time support, the methods provide fixed amount requirements which is not dynamic way to address the need of these services subscribers. The other challenge of these services is that; the services are not safe from frauds as such, especially in GSM switches. Subscription fraud is one type of fraud in today’s telecom business which is a common telecom fraud. The need of fraudsters is to make money illegally or getting telecom services with the intention of not to pay for the service they used. The prime objective of this study is to build a predictive model using deep auto-encoder to detect subscription fraud in case of Ethiotelecom. The performance of fraud detection model is 98.95% validation accuracy on ethiotelecom call detail record dataset using deep neural network autoencoder and CNN-LSTM autoencder algorithms at threshold of 0.0103 and 0173 respectively.
Single-cell RNA-seq analysis revealed the stemness of a specific cluster of B cells in acute lymphoblastic leukemia progression
Authors: Wang Guifang , Zhang Ensheng , Chen An , Meng Dachuan 
Published: October 2024

Background
Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a common pediatric cancer. The heterogeneous characterization of B cells in ALL progression poses new challenges to researchers. We used single-cell sequencing to explore the critical role of B cells in regulating the ALL immune microenvironment.

Method
We collected the single cell (sc) RNA-seq data of ALL and health sample from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database, the “Seurat” and “harmony” R package was used for quality control and scRNA-seq analysis, in which the CellMarker2.0 database was used for cell type annotation. Subsequently, the FindAllMarkers function was used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among various cell types and the DAVID database was applied for the biological process of DEGs. Then, the “inferCNV” package was used for copy number variation, regulons and cell communication were performed by SCENIC tool and CellChat package. The role of the target gene in regulating ALL progression was assessed using RT-qPCR, Transwell and scratch healing assays.

Results
We identified nine mainly cell clusters after scRNA-seq analysis, in which the B cells had higher infiltration proportion in the ALL samples and were sub-clustered into five cell sub-groups. The B cells 1 is closely associated with cell proliferation and stemness (TNFAIP3 and KDM5B), and the significant CNV of amplification occurred on chr6 and chr21 that supported stemness of B cells1. RXRB is a key transcription factor mediated the proliferation of B cells 1, which in turn suppressed hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) proliferation and promoted cytotoxic NK/T cells activation through diverse cell communication ways. One of the key regulators of B cells is MYC, which promotes the migration and invasive ability of cell line leukemia cell lines.

Conclusion
This study reveals the stemness characteristics of B cells and their critical role in ALL progression, a finding that provides new potential directions for the development of targeted therapies against ALL.
Assessing acute effects of two motor-cognitive training modalities on cognitive functions, postural control, and gait stability in older adults: a randomized crossover study
Authors: Li Ran , Qu Ping , Hu Xue , Li Xiaojing , Zeng Haiqing , Gao Binghong , Sun Zhiyuan 
Published: October 2024

Background
The process of aging often accompanies a decline in cognitive function, postural control, and gait stability, consequently increasing the susceptibility to falls among older individuals. In response to these challenges, motor-cognitive training has emerged as a potential intervention to mitigate age-related declines.

Objective
This study aims to assess the acute effects of two distinct motor-cognitive training modalities, treadmill dual-task training (TMDT) and interactive motor-cognitive training (IMCT), on cognitive function, postural control, walking ability, and dual-task performance in the elderly population.

Method
In this randomized crossover study, 35 healthy elderly individuals (aged 60–75) participated in three acute training sessions involving TMDT, IMCT, and a control reading condition. Assessments of executive function, postural control, gait performance, and cognitive accuracy were conducted both before and after each session.

Results
Both TMDT and IMCT improved executive functions. Notably, IMCT resulted in a significant enhancement in correct response rates and a reduction in reaction times in the Stroop task (p < 0.05) compared to TMDT and the control condition. IMCT also led to an increase in dual-task gait speed (p < 0.001) and showed a trend towards improved cognitive accuracy (p = 0.07). Conversely, TMDT increased postural sway with eyes open (p = 0.013), indicating a potential detriment to postural control.

Conclusion
The findings suggest that IMCT holds greater immediate efficacy in enhancing cognitive function and gait stability among older adults compared to TMDT, with a lesser adverse impact on postural control. This underscores the potential of IMCT as a preferred approach for mitigating fall risk and enhancing both cognitive and physical functions in the elderly population.
Indigo alleviates psoriasis through the AhR/NF-κB signaling pathway: an in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Lin Yu , Yang Lihong , Wang Dongxiang , Lei Haiqing , Zhang Yuelin , Sun Wen , Liu Jing 
Published: October 2024

Background
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. A strong association between the AhR/ NFκB axis and the inflammatory response in psoriasis. Indigo (IDG) has demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to assess the anti-psoriatic efficacy of IDG while investigating the underlying mechanisms involved.

Methods
In the in vitro experiments, cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8. qRT-PCR was employed to measure the mRNA levels of NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, AhR, and CYP1A1. Western blotting was conducted to examine alterations in cytoplasmic and nuclear AhR protein levels. Additionally, an IDG nanoemulsion (NE) cream was prepared for the in vivo experiments. A psoriasis-like skin lesion mice model was induced using IMQ (62.5 mg/day for 7 days). The severity of psoriasis was evaluated using PASI, and skin lesions were scored while epidermal thickness was assessed via HE staining. The expression of inflammatory markers, including IL-6, IL-13, IL-17A, MCP-1, and TNF-α, was detected in skin lesions using Luminex. The levels of CYP1A1, p65, and p-p65 proteins were determined by Western blotting.

Results
LPS stimulation significantly elevated TNF-α, IL-6, and NF-κB mRNA levels, which were notably reduced by IDG treatment. Additionally, IDG significantly enhanced the expression of AhR and CYP1A1 mRNA. Further investigation revealed that IDG facilitated AhR translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. In the IMQ-induced psoriasis-like mouse model, IDG NE substantially ameliorated the severity of skin lesions. Moreover, IDG NE treatment reduced the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-17A, MCP-1, and TNF-α in IMQ-induced skin lesions. It was also observed that IDG NE treatment increased CYP1A1 protein expression while inhibiting p65 and p-p65 protein expression.

Conclusion
IDG emerges as a promising treatment for psoriasis, demonstrating effective therapeutic outcomes. Its mechanism of action is likely linked to the modulation of the AhR/NFκB signaling pathway.
Coconut Cultivation in South Konkan Region of Maharashtra: A Study of Economic Well-being
Authors: Jachak R. S. , Gawas O. M. , Koli A. K. , Phadte P. V. , Torane S. R. 
Published: October 2024

A study on economic well-being was conducted in the South Konkan region with 144 sample coconut growers. The objective behind this study was to estimate cost, returns, profitability and financial feasibility of coconut production. The study was conducted by means of adoption index, standard cost concept and financial feasibility measures. Numerous technologies have been suggested by the Regional Coconut Research Station, Bhatye, Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, to enhance the quality of coconut production after extensive research in the field. The extent up to which the technologies were adopted was 45.51 per cent overall. This suggested a wide scope for raising the adoption rate. The economic analysis of coconut production in the research area showed that growing coconuts through the use of recommended technology was profitable. It was observed that farmers are saving more on each expense due to the high adoption rate. In coconut cultivation, the net present value was positive (Rs. 230665). The B: C ratio is greater than one (1.41) and the internal rate of return (IRR) is higher than the going interest rate (23.01%). This demonstrated the economic viability of coconut production. The policy should be made to spread the recommendations to the farmers and training should be provided to farmers on larger scale for more profitable production.
Effect of Different Nitrogen Levels and Plant Growth Regulators on Stomatal Resistance, Leaf Temperature and Transpiration Rate and Yield of Banana cv Ney Poovan
Authors: Tamilselvi C. , Arulselvi S. , Sathish G. , Punitha A. , Vijayashanthi V. A. , Yogameenakshi P. , Sivagamy K. , Preehi T. L. , Banumathy S. 
Published: October 2024

The present Study was carried out to understand the effects of certain plant growth regulators under different nitrogen levels on different gas exchanging parameters viz., stomatal resistance, leaf temperature, transpiration rate and yield of banana cv. neypoovan. Different levels of nitrogen viz.,150 g Nplant-1 (45g + 75g +30g N plant-1 at 3,5 and 7 MAP, respectively), M1 + Urea 2% foliar spray, 200 g N plant-1 (60g + 100g + 40g N plant-1 at 3,5 and 7 MAP respectively), M3 + Urea 2% foliar spray and foliar spray of salicylic acid 100 ppm, mepiquat chloride 500 ppm, chlormequat chloride 1000 ppm, nitrobenzene 50 ppm, benzyl adenine 20 ppm and 25 ppm of 2, 4-D at 3rd , 5th and 7th month after planting were given and compared with untreated control.Salicylic acid treated leaves showed high stomatal resistance with low transpiration.
The yield components were favourably influenced by higher level of N application. Soil application of 200 g N plant-1 and giving two per cent urea spray on 3rd, 5th,and 7th month after planting distinctly enhanced all the yield components. Salicylic acid spray at 100 ppm improved the number of hands, fingers and finger size. Benzyl adenine at 20 ppm spray also was found beneficial in increasing yield components. More number of fingers per bunch were observed in benzyl adenine treatment. With maximum fruit weight, salicylic acid spray surpassed benzyl adenine by recording maximum bunch weight of 12.58 kg (13.9 % increase over control), while benzyl adenine recorded 12.52 kg (13.4 % increase).
The Role of Solar Wind Density in Cross Polar Cap Potential Saturation Under Northward Interplanetary Magnetic Field
Authors: Lin Dong , Zhang Binzheng , Scales Wayne, A. , Wiltberger Michael , Clauer C. Robert , Xu Zhonghua 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe role of solar wind density in the cross polar cap potential (CPCP) response under northward interplanetary magnetic field is investigated with observation‐based global simulations. A rare event was reported by Clauer et al. (2016) during which the ionospheric electric field EISP does not saturate under extreme interplanetary electric field (IEF) of ∼15 mV/m. While commonly utilized coupling functions based on IEF fail to provide an unambiguous explanation for the linear response, the Lyon‐Fedder‐Mobarry‐Magnetosphere‐Ionosphere Coupler/Solver model is used to explore the mechanisms in this study. The model first reproduces the observed linear features of the EISP. The simulated CPCP also responds linearly to IEF variations. A controlled simulation is designed with solar wind density artificially reduced to 10% of the observed value while all other parameters such as the IEF are kept the same. The controlled simulation shows saturation of the EISP as well as the CPCP. Further analysis shows the difference in the magnetosheath plasma β, implying the distinct dominant forces between the two simulations. The Lopez magnetosheath force balance theory is used to explain the CPCP responses under different solar wind densities. This comparison study highlights the role of solar wind density in determining the magnetosphere‐ionosphere response to extreme interplanetary drivings.
Zonal Wind Indices to Reconstruct CONUS Winter Precipitation
Authors: Farnham David J. , Steinschneider Scott , Lall Upmanu 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSeasonal precipitation forecasts over the contiguous United States (CONUS) during the 2015–2016 El Niño exhibited significant bias over many regions, especially in the western United States where seasonal information is particularly valuable for reservoir operation. Diagnosing the origin of this bias requires understanding the empirical signal from tropical heating to midlatitude precipitation. In this paper, we find that atmospheric zonal wind indices computed over the region typically associated with the winter jet stream provide a skillful, spatially distributed, linear prediction of precipitation over CONUS, over all winters (January–March; JFM). Furthermore, we show that more (less) central (eastern) Pacific Ocean heating may have contributed to the unexpected 2016 JFM CONUS precipitation and that this was likely predictable based on antecedent (December) sea surface temperatures. The zonal wind indices act as intermediate variables in a causal chain, and our analyses provide support for the potential for empirical prediction and also a diagnostic for physics‐based models to help improve forecasts.
Evaluating Modeled Impact Metrics for Human Health, Agriculture Growth, and Near‐Term Climate
Authors: Seltzer K. M. , Shindell D. T. , Faluvegi G. , Murray L. T. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSimulated metrics that assess impacts on human health, agriculture growth, and near‐term climate were evaluated using ground‐based and satellite observations. The NASA GISS ModelE2 and GEOS‐Chem models were used to simulate the near‐present chemistry of the atmosphere. A suite of simulations that varied by model, meteorology, horizontal resolution, emissions inventory, and emissions year were performed, enabling an analysis of metric sensitivities to various model components. All simulations utilized consistent anthropogenic global emissions inventories (ECLIPSE V5a or CEDS), and an evaluation of simulated results were carried out for 2004–2006 and 2009–2011 over the United States and 2014–2015 over China. Results for O3‐ and PM2.5‐based metrics featured minor differences due to the model resolutions considered here (2.0° × 2.5° and 0.5° × 0.666°) and model, meteorology, and emissions inventory each played larger roles in variances. Surface metrics related to O3 were consistently high biased, though to varying degrees, demonstrating the need to evaluate particular modeling frameworks before O3 impacts are quantified. Surface metrics related to PM2.5 were diverse, indicating that a multimodel mean with robust results are valuable tools in predicting PM2.5‐related impacts. Oftentimes, the configuration that captured the change of a metric best over time differed from the configuration that captured the magnitude of the same metric best, demonstrating the challenge in skillfully simulating impacts. These results highlight the strengths and weaknesses of these models in simulating impact metrics related to air quality and near‐term climate. With such information, the reliability of historical and future simulations can be better understood.
The Post‐Eocene Evolution of the Doruneh Fault Region (Central Iran): The Intraplate Response to the Reorganization of the Arabia‐Eurasia Collision Zone
Authors: Tadayon Meisam , Rossetti Federico , Zattin Massimiliano , Nozaem Reza , Calzolari Gabriele , Madanipour Saeed , Salvini Francesco 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe Cenozoic deformation history of Central Iran has been dominantly accommodated by the activation of major intracontinental strike‐slip fault zones, developed in the hinterland domain of the Arabia‐Eurasia convergent margin. Few quantitative temporal and kinematic constraints are available from these strike‐slip deformation zones, hampering a full assessment of the style and timing of intraplate deformation in Iran and the understanding of the possible linkage to the tectonic reorganization of the Zagros collisional zone. This study focuses on the region to the north of the active trace of the sinistral Doruneh Fault. By combing structural and low‐temperature apatite fission track (AFT) and (U‐Th)/He (AHe) thermochronology investigations, we provide new kinematic and temporal constraints to the deformation history of Central Iran. Our results document a post‐Eocene polyphase tectonic evolution dominated by dextral strike‐slip tectonics, whose activity is constrained since the early Miocene in response to an early, NW‐SE oriented paleo‐σ1 direction. A major phase of enhanced cooling/exhumation is constrained at the Miocene/Pliocene boundary, caused by a switch of the maximum paleo‐σ1 direction to N‐S. When integrated into the regional scenario, these data are framed into a new tectonic reconstruction for the Miocene‐Quaternary time lapse, where strike‐slip deformation in the intracontinental domain of Central Iran is interpreted as guided by the reorganization of the Zagros collisional zone in the transition from an immature to a mature stage of continental collision.
Fluid‐Enhanced Annealing in the Subcontinental Lithospheric Mantle Beneath the Westernmost Margin of the Carpathian‐Pannonian Extensional Basin System
Authors: Aradi L. E. , Hidas K. , Kovács I. J. , Tommasi A. , Klébesz R. , Garrido C. J. , Szabó C. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMantle xenoliths from the Styrian Basin Volcanic Field (Western Pannonian Basin, Austria) are mostly coarse granular amphibole‐bearing spinel lherzolites with microstructures attesting for extensive annealing. Olivine and pyroxene CPO (crystal‐preferred orientation) preserve nevertheless the record of coeval deformation during a preannealing tectonic event. Olivine shows transitional CPO symmetry from [010]‐fiber to orthogonal type. In most samples with [010]‐fiber olivine CPO symmetry, the [001] axes of the pyroxenes are also dispersed in the foliation plane. This CPO patterns are consistent with lithospheric deformation accommodated by dislocation creep in a transpressional tectonic regime. The lithospheric mantle deformed most probably during the transpressional phase after the Penninic slab breakoff in the Eastern Alps. The calculated seismic properties of the xenoliths indicate that a significant portion of shear wave splitting delay times in the Styrian Basin (0.5 s out of approximately 1.3 s) may originate in a highly annealed subcontinental lithospheric mantle. Hydroxyl content in olivine is correlated to the degree of annealing, with higher concentrations in the more annealed textures. Based on the correlation between microstructures and hydroxyl content in olivine, we propose that annealing was triggered by percolation of hydrous fluids/melts in the shallow subcontinental lithospheric mantle. A possible source of these fluids/melts is the dehydration of the subducted Penninic slab beneath the Styrian Basin. The studied xenoliths did not record the latest large‐scale geodynamic events in the region—the Miocene extension then tectonic inversion of the Pannonian Basin.
Estimating Discharge and Nonpoint Source Nitrate Loading to Streams From Three End‐Member Pathways Using High‐Frequency Water Quality Data
Authors: Miller Matthew P. , Tesoriero Anthony J. , Hood Krista , Terziotti Silvia , Wolock David M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe myriad hydrologic and biogeochemical processes taking place in watersheds occurring across space and time are integrated and reflected in the quantity and quality of water in streams and rivers. Collection of high‐frequency water quality data with sensors in surface waters provides new opportunities to disentangle these processes and quantify sources and transport of water and solutes in the coupled groundwater‐surface water system. A new approach for separating the streamflow hydrograph into three components was developed and coupled with high‐frequency nitrate data to estimate time‐variable nitrate loads from chemically dilute quick flow, chemically concentrated quick flow, and slowflow groundwater end‐member pathways for periods of up to 2 years in a groundwater‐dominated and a quick‐flow‐dominated stream in central Wisconsin, using only streamflow and in‐stream water quality data. The dilute and concentrated quick flow end‐members were distinguished using high‐frequency specific conductance data. Results indicate that dilute quick flow contributed less than 5% of the nitrate load at both sites, whereas 89 ± 8% of the nitrate load at the groundwater‐dominated stream was from slowflow groundwater, and 84 ± 25% of the nitrate load at the quick‐flow‐dominated stream was from concentrated quick flow. Concentrated quick flow nitrate concentrations varied seasonally at both sites, with peak concentrations in the winter that were 2–3 times greater than minimum concentrations during the growing season. Application of this approach provides an opportunity to assess stream vulnerability to nonpoint source nitrate loading and expected stream responses to current or changing conditions and practices in watersheds.
Passivity‐based adaptive output tracking control for switched nonlinear systems with uncertain parameters
Authors: Sun Yaowei , Zhao Jun 
Published: November 2017

SummaryThis paper addresses the issue of the adaptive output tracking control for switched nonlinear systems with uncertain parameters. The solvability of the tracking control problem for each subsystem is not necessary to hold. Individual update laws corresponding to different unknown parameters are adopted to reduce the conservativeness produced from the adoption of a common undated law. By means of the dual design of the adaptive controllers and a state‐dependent switching law using multiple storage functions technique, several conditions are obtained under which the adaptive output tracking control problem for switched nonlinear systems is solvable. Finally, an example shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.