bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Особливості морфометричної будови імаго Oesophagostomum venulosum (Rudolphi, 1809)
Authors: Melnychuk V.V. 
Published: November 2017

The study of biodiversity, morphological and biological peculiarities of pathogens of invasive animal diseases in natural and anthropogenically transformed ecosystems is an important task of modern population and applied ecological parasitology. The dominant position among helminthiasis of the digestive organs in ruminants occupy strongylatoses of the gastrointestinal tract. One of the components of the strongylates fauna, which parasitizes on sheep, is Oesophagostomum venulosum Rudolphi, 1809.In order to study the morphological features of the structure of imaginal forms of nematodes of the species Oe. venulosum and determination of their differential metric characteristics, the study of sexually mature oesophagostomes isolated from the intestines of sheep was conducted. Collection of helminths was carried out by the method of complete helminthology of the thick intestine of animals. The congenital morphological features of oesophagostomes are the presence of a clearly separated main vesicle, well-developed major papillae, the outer and inner radial corona around the mouth. Species Oe. venulosum in females is characterized by peculiarities in the structure of the caudal end, vulva, oviduct, vagina. It was found that the length of the body and main vesicle in females was 27.73 and 9.3% higher than that of males and averaged 18.75 ± 0.58 mm and 0.43 ± 0.01 mm, respectively. Indices of body width and major vesicles of mature males and females ranged 0,30–0,64 mm, 0,34–0,43 mm and did not differ significantly. New data on morphological and metric parameters of females Oe. venulosum, which increase the effectiveness of differentiation of helminths to the species. The parameters of the esophagus width in different sites, the width of the body in the vulva and the anus, the width and length of the spherical protrusion in the vulva area are determined. It was found that the length of the eggs in the femoral cavity and in the secretion it secretes significantly changes, the eggs are thickened, decreasing by 13.97%. The length and width of the eggs allocated by the female Oe. venulosum, on average, is 82.51 ± 2.37 and 53.51 ± 1.17 μm, respectively, and have a structure characteristic of the strongylidsc type eggs.
Екологічні особливості епізоотичних процесів
Authors: Kurtyak B.M. , Romanovych M.S. , Pundyak T.O. , Romanovych М.М. , Romanovych L.V. , Sobko G.V. 
Published: November 2017

In the emergence, development and flow of epizootics, environmental features are often not taken into account as causative agents of infectious diseases – stability in the external environment, range, adaptation to different types of animals, and vectors and reservoir of pathogens. Epizootology, studying the ecological interrelations of animals, reveals the patterns of prediction of epizootics, the elucidation of which is essential for the development of a plan for antiepizootic measures. A rational plan of measures, developed on the basis of an informed forecast, ensures its effectiveness.Epizootological geography, which studies the spread of infectious animal diseases in various natural and geographical conditions, allows us to disclose the significance of various external factors. In addition, with its help you can not only describe the territory of the spread of various infectious diseases, but also explain the geography of diseases, the history of their origin and development. As a result, it is possible to draw up prognostic maps that identify areas with favorable and unfavorable conditions for the spread of diseases and give predictions of some epizootics that occur seasonally or after a certain number of years. A significant number of infectious diseases are anthropozoonoses, and the areas of their spread are associated with physical and geographical zones in which natural foci are historically formed.The study of epizootology, from the point of view of ecology, enriches the knowledge of epizootological regularities. The ecology of animals studies the interrelationships of living organisms, the way of their life in connection with the conditions of existence in the environment, the dynamics of the number of species and the peculiarity of biocenoses.
Порівняльна оцінка препаратів фенбендазолу за інвазії курей-несучок нематодами Heterakis gallinarum
Authors: Danko M.M. , Tishyn O.L. , Khomiak R.V. , Perih Zh.M. 
Published: November 2017

The article presents data on the effectiveness of two fenbendazole-based drugs for oral application: «Feboral» (in the form of a solution) and «Brovadazol 20%» (the reference drug in the form of powder). For this purpose, 420-day-old chickens were examined by a flotation coproscopic method in order to detect intestinal invasions. The therapeutic efficacy of the drugs was determined according to the data of the coproscopic examinations carried out using the modified quantitative McMaster counting method. The study of the efficacy of «Febboral» and «Brovadazol 20%» preparations was performed under the conditions of vivarium of the State scientific-research control institute of veterinary medicinal products and feed additives.During the experiment birds of experimental groups used preparations on the basis of fenbendazole: hens of the first experimental group, the drug «Feboral» was poured out with water (1.0 ml of the preparation for 10 kg of b. w., twice for two days), the second – the drug «Brovadazol 20%» they were given with food (0.5 g of the preparation at 10 kg b. w., for five days). Birds in the control group were given water and food without the contents of drugs.According to the results of research in hens were found invasion by Heterakis galinarum. The average rate of invasion of hens by nematodes during treatment with drugs was 176 eggs per 1 g of litter. In the hens of the first and second experimental groups, the average intensity of the helminth infestation on the seventh day of the experiment was 84.5 eggs per 1 g of litter, while the intensity of the infection of the control group was 211 eggs per 1 g of litter. On the fourteenth day of the experiment, the excretion of eggs from the pathogen in the hens of both experimental groups was not noted, while in the hens of the control group, the intensity of the invasion amounted to 238 eggs heterakis in 1 gram of litter.Consequently, the extenseffectivity of the drug «Febboral» and the reference drug «Brovadazol 20%» for heterakoses of chickens was 100%.
Ритмічність статевих циклів корів та рівень прихованої ранньої ембріопатії
Authors: Sidashova S.O. , Gumenny O.G. 
Published: November 2017

Results of a monitoring research of rhythm of sexual cycles of cows between repeated inseminations are presented. It is authentically established that in the conditions of loose housing keeping of cows the unevenness of a sexual cycles of cows after the inseminations which did not end with stylishness is considerably widespread in the production lactic complex (by results of ultrasonography in 35–45 days). At the same time the significant influence of seasonal and fodder factors is noted: duration of intervals between inseminations averaged 70.41 days in the winter, and in the summer of 38.54 days, respectively, that demonstrated presence of the hidden early embryonic mortality at cows. Only in 7.58 and 22.70% (winter-summer) of observations the interval between repeated inseminations within specific physiological norm was established, the shortened cycles fixed at 3.03–10.75% of cows, extended – at 89.39–65.95%, respectively. The analysis of a complex ethological and the morph functional of indexes of dairy herd authentically revealed a critical interval of the hidden fetal mortality of the period between implantation of a nucleus and formation of fruit envelopes (40–63 days between repeated inseminations). Ultrasonography by scanning at cows it is not established inflammatory processes in a cavity of the uterus, but 73% of cases degenerately – dystrophic damages of ovaries are diagnosed that shows need of use gisto- and cytological methods of researches for studying of possible destructive processes in structure of the cells and fabrics of a reproductive path.
Характеристика морфологічних ознак та фізіологічних властивостей штамів сальмонел, ізольованих від птиці і телят
Authors: Boiko O.P. , Sen O.M. , Boiko P.K. , Kurtiak B.M. , Pundiak T.O. , Sobko G.V. 
Published: November 2017

In order to develop effective domestic drugs for the prevention of animal salmonella, in our previous studies, 30 isolates of salmonella were obtained from different collections, including those isolated from epizootic centers of salmonellosis. From this collection, six strains of salmonella were selected as promising production strains for constructing vaccine preparations against salmonellosis and as controls for the study of the immunogenic properties of vaccines.The article presents the results of comparative study of morphological characteristics, tinctorial, culture, biochemical, virulent and antigenic properties of six selected salmonella strains.It was established that the strains studied have morphological characteristics characteristic for salmonella, tinctorial, cultural and biochemical properties and typical for each type of antigenic structure. The highest antigenic activity was S. typhimurium (1:256 ± 154 – 1:192 ± 82) and S. dublin (1:192 ± 51), and the lowest was S. gallinarum (1:72 ± 43). S. infantis and S. gallinarum were not virulent for white mice, while virulent properties of other strains had significant differences.Some regularities in the manifestation of virulent and antigenic properties of the studied salmonella strains were revealed. In particular, it was found that the higher the virulence of the strain, the higher its antigenic activity, and the more distant the term from the date of isolation of the strain from the epizootic center of salmonellosis, the less its virulence, that is, the prolonged storage of strains of salmonella leads to a decrease or to a complete loss of their virulence.
D-вітамінний статус корів та їхніх телят у ранній постнатальний період у зимово-стійловий період
Authors: Yuskiv L.L. 
Published: November 2017

The article presents data about the content of active metabolite of vitamin D3 – 25OHD3, calcium (total, bounded with protein and ultrafiltrated), inorganic phosphorus, magnesium and alkaline phosphatase activity and its isoenzymes in the blood of cows and their calves in the early postnatal period.Studies were conducted in the cows of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed and calves obtained from them. The experiment was performed during the winter housing period in pilot farm «Pasichna» of Institute of forage and agricultural Podillya NAAS of Ukraine, located in the natural geographical areas of Podillya. The blood for tests was collected from the jugular vein before morning feeding in the 5th−7th day since calving. The blood from the calves was collected in the following dates: at 5th−7th days old and at 28–30th days old. Vitamin D provision rate of animal organism was evaluated for the content of 25OH D3 concentration in blood. The level of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol is considered as a total reflection of the endogenous formation of cholecalciferol in the skin and its receipts from feed or vitaminpreparations. The concentration of 25ОНD3 in the blood of the examined animals was detected by means of the enzymelinked immunoassay using the test system developed by the Immunodiagnostik. The method is based on the competitive binding of 25OHD3 serum and 25OH D3-biotin with vitamin D3-binding protein (VDBP), that immobilized on 96-well immunological plates. The content of calcium (total, bounded with protein and ultrafiltrated), inorganic phosphorus, magnesium and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were detected usingthe biological test kits produced by the Pliva Lachema firm (the Czech Republic). The performed research reported that the content of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in serum of calves at 5–7-days age old was in the range of 29 to 34 nmol/l and slightly increased for the 28–30-days. It was established the dynamics of changes in the content of total calcium and its fractions, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium and activity of alkaline phosphatase and its isoenzymes in calves blood from 5–7- to 28–30-day-olds. The concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in the blood of calves in the first days after birth was lower, and the concentration of calcium and inorganic phosphorus – higher compared with their values in the blood of mothers in the postpartum period. It was found that the activity of alkaline phosphatase in the calf serum was higher, compared with its value in the serum of mothers. The increase in activity of alkaline phosphatase in the calf serum is expressed to a greater extent due to its bone enzyme.
Африканська чума свиней в Україні
Authors: Hoetskуу P.B. , Pokhaliuk O.M. , Shelepylo A.V. 
Published: November 2017

The spread of African swine fever in Ukraine is analyzed. During the period of 2012–2017, the disease cases of domestic and wild pigs were registered in the territory of 131 administrative districts of 23 regions. Wild pigs are not the primary source of spreading the ASF virus. Within four years (2008–2011), the ASF, through the southern and central territories of Russia, reached the northeastern regions of Ukraine. However, the first case of the disease in the Zaporizhye region (2012) showed that the cause of the African swine fever in the territory of Ukraine was not wild pigs, but humans. The ASF was found at a considerable distance from the area of the spread of the disease. In the north-eastern regions of Ukraine, the disease was detected only in 2014. This disease could result from penetration of infected wild pigs from the territory of the neighboring state into Ukraine, in particular into Luhansk-, Chernihiv-, and Sumy regions. Evidence of this is the fact that of the 16 cases in 2014 – 12 cases were recorded in wild pigs and four – in the private sector. As of April 2017, out of 208 detected cases, only 14% was identified among wild pigs due to the small number of the species in Ukraine compared to other European countries. In 16.7% of 478 administrative districts of Ukraine, wild pigs are not found in game hunting grounds; in 2.7% of the districts area, the density of animals is less than 0.1 individual per 1000 ha, and in 65.0% of the area it is insignificant: from 0.1 to 1.4 individuals. Intense hunting (13–22% harvesting of the game stock) during 2015–2016 led to a decrease in the numbers by 33.8% in 2017. As of 2017, the number of wild pigs is more than 40 thousand individuals. Most cases with fever were recorded in the period from July to March. More than 18% of cases of pig disease were detected in August. In general, in summer, about 30% of diseases were recorded, during the autumn – about 27%, in winter – 34%, in spring – only 9%. Wild pigs were most often infected in the autumn-winter period, not recorded – in April, June and September. Over 65% of animal disease cases were detected during the hunting season. The major cause of the spread of African swine fever are humans. Localization of the disease among wild pigs can be achieved through rational use and management of the species population.
Дослідження ембріотоксичної дії препарату для зовнішнього використання «Мазь для ран» на лабораторних тваринах
Authors: Sachuk R.N. 
Published: November 2017

The results of experiments showed one of the aspects of the application safety of the new preparation «Ointment for Wounds», which is intended for external use to bovine cattle, horses, sheep, goats, swine, fur-bearing animals, rabbits, dogs and cats. The preparation formula includes essential oils of Siberian Cedar, Eucalyptus, Tea Tree, Cedar, Clove, and chlorophyllipt oil solution. Pre-clinical trial of the «Ointment for Wounds» were carried out on pregnant rats, through repeated dermal application in the period from the 1st to the 19th day of pregnancy, and it did not cause toxic effects on animals. At the autopsy post-mortem examination of the rats on the 20th day of pregnancy, the quantity of yellow bodies in the ovaries, the implantation and resorption sites in the uterus, the number of live and dead fetuses were estimated. It was defined that the gestation course in control and experimental groups of animals did not differ significantly. The pre-implantation and total embryonic mortality in the experimental group (intervention group) of rats for which «Ointment for Wounds», was used dermally proved to be lower than that of the control group, respectively, by 16.3% and 10.2%. Post-implantation mortality exceeded by 7.0% the similar indicator of the control group. Morphometry of embryos did not reveal the growth retardation of the fetuses. During the external examination, significant visible development anomalies (deformities) of the fetuses extracted from the uterus have not been observed. During the external examination, significant visible development anomalies (deformities) of the fetuses extracted from the uterus have not been observed. Investigation of the fetuses’ internal organs did not reveal defects in their development, as well as defects in the development of the bone system have not been established, that suggests that this preparation does not cause a violation in the osteogenesis processes.The skin application of «Ointment for Wounds» to rats in a dose of 0.5 g/kg in the studied period of pregnancy effects neither on the number of newborns, nor the percentage of stillborns. Parturation of the experimental does took place, as a rule, at the 23rd day of pregnancy, as well as in control group. Consequently, the drug does not cause embryotoxic effects, does not affect the parameters of preimplantation, post-implantation, general embryonic mortality and postnatal development of offspring. Further research will focus on clinical trials of the preparation in the treatment of hyperkeratosis of the dams of the cow dummy.
Мікроскопічна будова та морфометричні показники грудної і поперекової частин спинного мозку свійського собаки
Authors: Horalskyi L.P. , Sokulskyi I.M. , Kolesnik N.L. , Demus N.V. 
Published: November 2017

The article describes the features of the macroscopic and microscopic structure of the spinal cord of the chest and lumbar parts of a mature dog for the use of morphological, neurohistological, morphometric and statistical methods of research. According to the results of histomorphology, the area and shape of the transverse section of the spinal cord is determined, the latter in the thoracic region has a round shape, in the lumbar – oval. Gray substance of the spinal cord in the form of a butterfly on a transverse section is formed by ventral, dorsal and lateral horns, in which are centers of the sympathetic nervous system. According to our research, in the gray matter of the spinal cord of a domestic dog, the core of the dorsal horn, the Clark core, the lateral and medial intermediate nuclei, the lateral and medial ventral nuclei are clearly differentiated.According to histometry of the spinal cord of the mature dog, conducted by us, the largest cross-sectional area is characteristic of the lumbar spinal cord (23.32 ± 0.44 mm²), is slightly lower in the breast (21.31 ± 0.34 mm2). In this case, the ratio of gray cerebrospinal fluid to white in the lumbar part is 1: 3.32, which is 2 times less in comparison with the such indicator of the thoratic part.The cytopupulation of the nerve cells is represented by large, medium and small neurocytes, which, in its turn, depend on their placement in certain areas of the gray matter of the spinal cord: the most small neurons are found in the lumbar part of the cord (22.58%), the least are in the thoracic (19.88%), medium neurons are the highest in the thoracic part (44.11%), the least are in the lumbar (24.37%), the largest cells are in the lumbar part (44.11%), the least are in the thoracic (36.01%).Our cytomorphometric studies indicate that the nerve cells of the gray matter of the spinal cord of mature dogs have a different volume of pericarions and their nuclei and, accordingly, a different nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (NCR), which is an indicator of the functional activity of nerve cells. The largest average volume of pericarios of nerve cells is found in the lumbar part (17723.26 ± 816.72 mcm³), the smallest are in the chest (12913.53 ± 915.41 mcm³). The largest nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio was found in the thoracic part of the cord (0.120 ± 0.005), less are in the lumbar (0.110 ± 0.004).
Видовий склад циркулюючої мікрофлори та її стійкість до антибактеріальних препаратів в умовах ПАФ «Бережниця» Жидачівського району Львівської області
Authors: Kisera Y.V. , Storchak Y.G. , Bozsik L.Y. 
Published: November 2017

The main issue today is the provision of safe and high-quality livestock products, taking into account all aspects of food production, from farm to table. In order to preserve the young animals, increase the resistance of the immune system of the organism, prevent the influence of infectious pathogens on macroorganism and the environment, studies have been conducted to determine the microflora circulating in the conditions of the economy. In particular, from the point of view of food safety, E. coli is a dangerous factor affecting their quality, causing various diseases in humans and animals. In the body of a healthy bovine animal, Escherichia coli may be present in an admissible concentration of up to 107 CFUs, Escherichia coli haemolitica is normally absent in the animal body. Bacteriological studies included seeding of the test material on the nutrient medium, their identification and the study of antibiotic susceptibility. For the analysis of the sensitivity of microorganisms to medicinal (antibacterial) substances by disco-diffusion method, they used a nutrient medium of AGV, on which the «lawn» was sown analyzing cultures and used discs with antibacterial preparations. According to the results of bacteriological studies of milk samples, it has been determined that 70% of the examined samples of pathogenic microflora have not been isolated. In 30% of the tested samples, the presence of pathogenic microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus vulgaris in milk samples was established. Bacteriological studies of vaginal exudate taken from cows after the calving have shown that they have Streptococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherišhia coli, Proteus vulgaris and fungus of the genus Aspergillus spp. Investigations of the exudate from the nasal passages and the calving of the calves have revealed that Escherichia coli is present in all the samples tested. The results of studies of calf sturgeon revealed the presence of a number of microorganisms: Escherihia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Escherihia coli haemolitica, Staphylococcus haemoliticus, molds of the genus Aspergillus in different percentages. When determining the sensitivity of isolated cultures to antibacterial drugs by the disc diffusion method, it has been established that Staphylococcus and Escherihia coli haemolitica cultures are susceptible to all antibiotics; Proteus vulgaris exhibits resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin.