bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria and Their Effect on Growth Promotion of Brassica napus L.
Authors: Vishnu  , Sharma Poonam , Kaur Jupinder , Gosal Satwant Kaur , Walia Sohan Singh 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTOil seeds sector is one of the major dynamic components of the agriculture world. Oil seeds such as canola (Brassica napus) require a higher quantity of sulfur (S), which is supplied through inorganic fertilizers. However, the overapplication of agro‐chemicals to get higher yields of crops is harming the soil health. Therefore, the application of bacterial cultures with plant growth‐promoting activity as biofertilizers ensures soil health maintenance and enhances crop productivity. To achieve this aim, the present research was initiated by procuring three sulfur‐oxidizing bacteria (SOBs), namely, SOB 5, SOB 10, and SOB 38, from the Microbiology Department, PAU. In the initial assessment, all three SOB cultures showed resilience to pesticide toxicity at the recommended dosage, with the exception of ridomil. These cultures were later characterized morphologically, biochemically, and at the molecular level using 16s rRNA resulting in their identification as Enterobacter ludwigii strain Remi_9 (SOB 5), Enterobacter hormaechei strain AUH‐ENM30 (SOB 10), and Bacillus sp. 5BM21Y12 (SOB 38). Functional characterization of these SOB cultures revealed their ability to exhibit multifarious plant growth‐promoting traits. Bacillus sp. 5BM21Y12 showed greater functional activity, including high P solubilization (14.903 µg/mL), IAA production (44.28 µg/mL), siderophore production (13.89 µg/mL), sulfate ion production (0.127 mM), ammonia excretion (2.369 µg/mL), and Zn solubilization (22.62 mm). Based on the results of functional and molecular characterization, Bacillus sp. 5BM21Y12 was selected for field trials by formulating different treatments. Composite treatment, T8 (100% S + Bacillus sp. + pesticides) significantly enhanced growth parameters (plant height, root, and shoot biomass), yield attributes (siliqua length, test weight, number of siliqua/plant), yield parameter (total biomass and seed yield), quality parameter (crude protein and oil) as compared to all other sole treatments employed in the field. A combined application of non‐pathogenic Bacillus sp. 5BM21Y12, with good functional activity enhanced yield of crop due to synergistic and additive interaction with fertilizer/pesticides. As biofertilizer application reduces the input of pesticides/fertilizers new inoculant formulations with cell protectors and the development of compatible pesticides should be searched to assure the benefits of integrated treatment.
Spatial Interpolation of Seasonal Precipitations Using Rain Gauge Data and Convection‐Permitting Regional Climate Model Simulations in a Complex Topographical Region
Authors: Dura Valentin , Evin Guillaume , Favre Anne‐Catherine , Penot David 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn mountainous areas, accurately estimating the long‐term climatology of seasonal precipitations is challenging due to the lack of high‐altitude rain gauges and the complexity of the topography. This study addresses these challenges by interpolating seasonal precipitation data from 3189 rain gauges across France over the 1982–2018 period, using geographical coordinates, and altitude. In this study, an additional predictor is provided from simulations of a Convection‐Permitting Regional Climate Model (CP‐RCM). The simulations are averaged to obtain seasonal precipitation climatology, which helps capture the relationship between topography and long‐term seasonal precipitation. Geostatistical and machine learning models are evaluated within a cross‐validation framework to determine the most appropriate approach to generate seasonal precipitation reference fields. Results indicate that the best model uses a machine learning approach to interpolate the ratio between long‐term seasonal precipitation from observations and CP‐RCM simulations. This method successfully reproduces both the mean and variance of observed data, and slightly outperforms the best geostatistical model. Moreover, incorporating the CP‐RCM outputs as an explanatory variable significantly improves interpolation accuracy and altitude extrapolation, especially when the rain gauge density is low. These results imply that the commonly used altitude‐precipitation relationship may be insufficient to derive seasonal precipitation fields. The CP‐RCM simulations, increasingly available worldwide, present an opportunity for improving precipitation interpolation, especially in sparse and complex topographical regions.
Electromagnetic bone segment tracking in multiplanar osteotomies: A saw bone study
Authors: Geisbüsch Andreas , Gramer Carina , Dreher Thomas , Hagen Niclas , Hagmann Sébastien , Renkawitz Tobias , Götze Marco 
Published: October 2024

AbstractComputer assisted orthopedic surgery is used to improve precision. Electro‐magnetic tracking has been shown to improve precision in mono‐planar derotational osteotomies. However, studies are lacking to investigate its use in multiplanar osteotomies. For this purpose, 60 complex (derotation and extension) osteotomies were performed in standardized sawbones. Correction amount was randomly planned before the procedures. In 30 bones, the amount of correction was determined intraoperatively using conventional goniometric measurement while in the other 30 bones electro‐magnetic tracking was used to guide the amount of correction. CT‐scans were done before and after the procedures in all bones and the amount of correction was determined to compare the precision of the two techniques. Electromagnetic tracking resulted in a precision of 2.25° ± 1.77° for derotation and 1.38° ± 1.29° for extension, while precision for the conventional method was significantly lower. There was a significant relationship between goniometer measurement deviation and the absolute angle change for derotation and extension measurements with larger deviations for greater angle changes. For the electro‐magnetic tracking, this correlation was observed only for derotation measurement. Electro‐magnetic tracking represents an accurate method to control complex, multiplanar corrective osteotomies with superior precision in comparison to conventional goniometric measurement. Further research is needed to investigate the in‐vivo accuracy and the effects on clinical outcome.
Impact of acid blocker therapy on growth, gut microbiome, and lung disease in young children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Liu Cathy , Bach Taiya R. , Farrell Philip M. , Pavelec Derek , Antos Nicholas J. , Rock Michael J. , Asfour Fadi , Howenstine Michelle , Gaffin Jonathan M. , Lai HuiChuan J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveAcid blocker therapy (ABT) has become common in cystic fibrosis (CF), despite insufficient evidence for benefits and studies showing potentially negative effects. We examined associations between ABT usage and growth, gut microbiome (GM), and early‐onset lung disease in young children with CF.MethodsOne hundred and forty‐five infants with CF born during 2012–2017, diagnosed through newborn screening by age 3 months and followed to 36 months of age at six CF centers were evaluated. Longitudinal data on growth, pancreatic functional status, pulmonary symptoms, and acid blocker medications were prospectively collected. Early‐onset lung disease severity was evaluated by a clinical scoring system. GM composition was assessed by 16S rRNA methodology.ResultsABT use before age 3 years was frequent, with 81 (56%) of patients on H2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) or proton pump inhibitor (PPI), and higher among pancreatic insufficient (60%) versus pancreatic sufficient (26%) children. H2RA was commonly prescribed in infancy before transitioning to PPI. Growth improvements were not significantly greater, while GM α‐diversity at 3 years of age was significantly lower and early‐onset lung disease more severe, in persistent ABT users compared to nonusers of ABT.ConclusionIn our cohort of young children with CF, early and persistent ABT use was not associated with significant growth benefits and instead showed associations with reduced GM diversity and negative effects on early‐onset lung disease. Consequentially, there is a critical need for systematic evaluation and comprehensive risk–benefit analysis of ABT to ensure proper guidelines for children with CF.
Water‐soluble chlorogenic acid‐chitosan and polydatin‐chitosan conjugates: antibacterial activity and inhibition of lipid and protein oxidation
Authors: Duan Tianfang , Xu Zeru , Xiong Shanbai , Du Hongying 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDChitosan (CS), an abundant alkaline polysaccharide, is valued for its biocompatibility, non‐toxicity, and antibacterial properties. However, its limited solubility and modest antioxidant activity constrain its utility. Grafting polyphenols onto chitosan through the use of grafting reactions can enhance both the solubility and bioactivity of chitosan. Among the techniques employed, the free radical grafting method is favored for its simplicity, environmental sustainability, and its effectiveness in preserving biological activity.RESULTSIn this study, chlorogenic acid (CGA) and polydatin (PLD) were conjugated successfully to chitosan by a Vc/H2O2 redox system. Analytical techniques such as ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐visible) spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) were employed to confirm the formation of covalent bonding between the polyphenol molecules and the chitosan backbone. The novel conjugates displayed superior antioxidant properties in comparison with pristine chitosan, as evidenced by their enhanced 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, 2,2'‐azinobis‐(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical, and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacities, and Fe2+ reducing power. Both CGA‐CS and PLA‐CS exhibited excellent lipid and protein oxidation inhibition capabilities. Furthermore, the conjugates were shown to have significant antibacterial effects against four common pathogenic bacteria: Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida, and Staphylococcus aureus (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONThe newly synthesized water‐soluble polyphenol‐chitosan conjugates demonstrated remarkable biological activity, particularly CGA‐CS. This study offers new insights and a strong theoretical foundation for developing natural food preservation materials with potential applications in the food industry. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Essential oils of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and oregano (Origanum vulgare) as an alternative for the control of pesticide‐resistant Fusarium spp. in quinoa seeds
Authors: Fonseca‐Guerra Ingrid Rocio , Posada Adriana Marcela Valero , Rozo Martha Elizabeth Benavidez , Pineda Mayra Eleonora Beltrán 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe phytopathogenic genus Fusarium can cause damage such as root and stem rot in economically important crops, with significant implications. To seek a sustainable method for controlling this phytopathogen in seeds, the antifungal activity of essential oils (EOs) from thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and oregano (Origanum vulgare) was evaluated against isolates of F. graminearum, F. equiseti, F. culmorum and F. oxysporum originating from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) crops in the Boyacá (Colombia).RESULTSInitially, the effectiveness of commercial fungicides against the mentioned phytopathogenic fungi was evaluated. Upon verifying that these isolates exhibited high resistance to these compounds, the EOs were assessed as a potential control alternative. A disk diffusion assay demonstrated complete in vitro inhibition of the growth of the evaluated phytopathogens when undiluted EOs were used. Subsequently, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these oils was determined using the agar well diffusion technique, revealing a MIC of 10 and 1 μL mL−1 for thyme and oregano oil, respectively. Following this, the antifungal activity of the EOs applied to quinoa seeds was evaluated, and germination indices were measured as an indirect indicator of their toxicity.CONCLUSIONDespite both EOs successfully inhibiting microbial growth in the seeds, it was also found that thyme EO at 100 μL mL−1 and oregano EO at 10 μL mL−1 inhibited seed emergence and germination. However, lower concentrations exhibited a reduction in fungal population without affecting these germination indices. Therefore, it is suggested that the use of these compounds has potential in the treatment and disinfection of quinoa seeds. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
A novel spine tester TO GO
Authors: Jansen Jan Ulrich , Zengerle Laura , Steiner Marcel , Sciortino Vincenza , Tryfonidou Marianna , Wilke Hans‐Joachim 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundOften after large animal experiments in spinal research, the question arises—histology or biomechanics? While biomechanics are essential for informed decisions on the functionality of the therapy being studied, scientists often choose histological analysis alone. For biomechanical testing, for example, flexibility, specimens must be shipped to institutions with special testing equipment, as spine testers are complex and immobile. The specimens must usually be shipped frozen, and, thus, biological and histological investigations are not possible anymore. To allow both biomechanical and biological investigations with the same specimen and, thus, to reduce the number of required animals, the aim of the study was to develop a spine tester that can be shipped worldwide to test on‐site.MethodsThe “Spine Tester TO GO” was designed consisting of a frame with three motors that initiate pure moments and rotate the specimen in three motion planes. A load cell and an optical motion tracking system controlled the applied loads and measured range of motion (ROM) and neutral zone (NZ). As a proof of concept, the new machine was validated and compared under real experimental conditions with an existing testing machine already validated employing fresh bovine tail discs CY34 (n = 10).ResultsThe new spine tester measured reasonable ROM and NZ from hysteresis curves, and the ROM of the two testing machines formed a high coefficient of determination R2 = 0.986. However, higher ROM results of the new testing machine might be explained by the lower friction of the air bearings, which allowed more translational motion.ConclusionsThe spine tester TO GO now opens up new opportunities for on‐site flexibility tests and contributes hereby to the 3R principle by limiting the number of experimental animals needed to obtain full characterization of spine units at the macroscopic, biomechanical, biochemical, and histological level.
Vortex‐Assisted Magnetic Solid‐Phase Extraction of Heavy Metals in Water and Food Samples Using Iron Oxide Nanoparticle‐Impregnated Carboxymethyl‐β‐Cyclodextrin
Authors: Ahmad Mansoor , Badshah Amir , Li Hongji , Asad Muhammad , Ibrahim Mohamed A. , Ali Essam A. , Shahat Abdelaaty A. , Nishan Umar , Khan Mansoor , Sun Wei 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe excessive accumulation of heavy metals has adverse effects on the human body. Here, magnetic iron oxide‐impregnated carboxymethyl‐β‐cyclodextrin was synthesized. The synthesized material was employed as a magnetic solid‐phase extracting adsorbent for specific heavy metals like lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and cobalt (Co). Characterization was performed by X‐ray diffraction, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. The analytical merits, like detection limits (Pb: 1.38 ng/mL, Ni: 0.5 ng/mL, Co: 0.14 ng/mL, and Cu: 0.55 ng/mL) and quantification limits (Pb: 4.14 ng/mL, Ni: 1.62 ng/mL, Co: 1.85 ng/mL, and Cu: 1.82 ng/mL) were calculated. Similarly, the preconcentration and enhancement factors (15) and relative standard deviation (Pb: 3.5, Ni: 0.92, Co: 2.7, and Cu: 1.5) were also calculated. The interfering study shows that the method is highly selective. For validation, it was applied to certified reference materials such as the Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology ornamental Basma tobacco leaves and trace metal double addition 63.4 environmental water with good percent recovery values (92%–99%). Real water and food samples were also used with satisfactory (90%–99%) recovery results.
Suture anchor and transtibial pullout refixation of the posterior medial meniscus root tears restore tibiofemoral contact pressure and area to intact meniscus levels
Authors: Itthipanichpong Thun , Choentrakool Chitapoom , Limskul Danaithep , Thamrongskulsiri Napatpong , Tanpowpong Thanathep , Virulsri Chanyaphan , Tangpornprasert Pairat , Kuptniratsaikul Somsak 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeTo compare the load distributed to the medial tibial articular cartilage after refixation of posterior medial meniscus root tears between the suture anchor and transtibial pullout techniques in posterior medial meniscus root tears.MethodsTwelve Thiel's embalmed human cadaveric knees are used and divided into three groups (four knees in each group): (1) intact meniscus (IM), (2) fixation with suture anchor technique (SA) and (3) fixation with transtibial pullout technique (TP). Each group applies an axial compression load up to 1500 N by Instron E 10000 at two knee flexion angles (0° and 60°). A Tekscan 4000 pressure sensor is used to record the contact pressure and the contact area for each testing condition.ResultsThe contact pressure and the contact area between the three conditions are not significantly different at 0° and 60° knee flexion angles. The peak contact pressure and contact area are 3734.8 ± 2642.2 kPa, 288.2 ± 115.0 mm2, 4510 ± 2930.5 kPa, 204.4 ± 36.8 mm2 and 5328.8 ± 2607.7 kPa, 219.2 ± 84.7 mm2 in IM, SA and TP, respectively.ConclusionBoth suture anchor and transtibial pullout refixation of PMMRT can restore contact pressure and contact area similar to the intact meniscus. This finding suggests that either technique can be reliably used in clinical practice to preserve joint function and potentially reduce the risk of osteoarthritis progression following posterior medial meniscus root tear repairs.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
AMIC achieves sustained clinical improvement in isolated patellar cartilage defects over 5 years, correlating with MRI
Authors: Joshi Jubert Nayana , Vinaixa Mercè Reverté , Torres Irene Portas , Moreno Martínez Daniel , Casaccia Marcelo , Garcia Marc Aguilar , Bueno Joan Pijoan , Feliu Enric Castellet , Monyart Joan Minguell 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate 5‐year postoperative clinical outcomes of autologous matrix‐induced chondrogenesis (AMIC) for isolated ICRS grade 3–4 patellar cartilage defects and correlate outcomes with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The hypothesis was that AMIC would improve clinical symptoms and induce neocartilage formation, visible on MRI, making it a safe and effective option for repairing focal patellar cartilage defects.MethodsThe cohort comprised 13 focal patellar lesions in 12 patients. Pain visual analogue scale (VAS), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Kujala score, EuroQol‐5D Health Survey questionnaire and MRI data were assessed preoperatively and at 2 and 5 years postoperatively. All MRI scans were evaluated using the Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue System. Descriptive statistics were calculated on all data. Inferential analysis comparing outcome scores before and after surgery employed the nonparametric Wilcoxon signed‐rank test, with the nonparametric Friedman test used to detect differences across multiple test attempts. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsTwelve patients (23–52 years old) with patellofemoral chondral full‐thickness defects (2–4 cm2) were treated. At a 5‐year follow‐up, eleven knees showed MRI improvement. Two were asymptomatic and nine showed clear clinical improvement. Only one knee showed no clinical improvement. MRI revealed a defect filling with newly formed cartilage characterized by a less compact and heterogeneous signal. Cartilage degradation or joint damage was observed in two knees, and bone formation within the plate was identified in four. AMIC significantly improved patients' VAS pain, KOOS, EuroQol‐5D and Kujala scores compared to preoperative baseline for up to 5 years postoperatively.ConclusionsSatisfactory clinical outcomes and new cartilage formation, as observed by MRI, are achieved with AMIC at mid‐term follow‐up for ICRS grade 3–4 in small‐to‐medium‐sized patellar defects in patients under 52 years of age, with improvements maintained for up to 5 years.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Novel Applicator Utilizing HIFES and Enhanced Synchronized Radiofrequency+ for Subcutaneous Fat Reduction: Porcine Model Study
Authors: Robb Chris W. , Bernardy Jan , Jarosova Rea , Hodkovicova Nikola 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesSubmental fullness has been associated with being perceived as unattractive. Technology combining radiofrequency and muscle stimulation offers submental contouring through fat reduction, muscle stimulation, and skin tightening. This study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of fat reduction aspect with a novel submentum applicator delivering HIFES and synchronized radiofrequency+ (RF+) energies.Materials and MethodsSix white pigs (sus scrofa domesticus, n = 6, 60–80 kg) were recruited for this study, five in the active group (n = 5) received four treatments on the abdominal area, one sow served as a control (n = 1). Ultrasound, histological, and RT‐qPCR methods were used as evaluation methods.ResultsFat thickness decreased at 1 month by −17.35% and at 2 month by 31.40%. Proapoptotic caspase‐9 gene expression increased (at 1 h, 6 h, 24 h to +43.45%, +21.22%, −8.36%), as well as caspase‐3 (+15.28%, +21.77%, −6.71%), while bcl2l1 activity decreased (−11.46% at 1 h, −17.02% at 6 h, −3.9% at 24 h). While the AI in the control animal had minimal change (at 1 h −0.08%, at 6 h −0.09%, and at 24 h −0.025%), the active group's AI increased from the baseline of 9.14 to 44.85 at 1 h (+391%), peaked at 6 h to 53.50 (+485%), and at 24 h to 38.17 (+318%).ConclusionThe study results indicate the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous fat reduction following the novel technology combining HIFES and RF+ energies, designed to target small localized areas.
Managing Pharmaceutical Promotion Mix in the Rise of Social Media
Authors: Chaudhuri Malika , Hirunyawipada Tanawat , Pan Yue 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTA manufacturer of a branded prescription drug typically uses traditional promotional tools to communicate with consumers (i.e., direct‐to‐consumer advertising) and physicians (i.e., detailing, sampling, and journal advertising). These promotions seek to enhance brand drug visibility and, eventually, increase brand sales. As medical communication norms generally dictate how healthcare information is communicated, the emergence of social media challenges such norms and potentially inflates (or deflates) the efficacy of pharmaceutical marketing communication. In such situations, a crucial research question revolves around how marketers will adjust their promotional strategies. In this study, the authors analyze the longitudinal data of 41 brand drugs from 7 therapeutic classes between 2007 and 2014. Through the lens of signaling theory, they empirically show that the volume and valence of social media posts can enhance or hinder the sales impacts of different promotional activities. Specifically, the volume and valence of social media posts have the potential to amplify the sales impact of detailing and direct‐to‐consumer advertising, while diminishing the effects of sampling and journal advertising. The volume and valence of brand drug mentions as well as consumer passion toward the brand drug display similar effects on the efficacy of pharmaceutical promotions. The findings shed new light on conventional pharmaceutical promotion practices in the presence of social media and provide novel implications for promotion mix management.