bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum concentration of anti‐Müllerian hormone is not associated with semen quality
Authors: Aksglaede L. , Olesen I. A. , Carlsen E. , Petersen J. H. , Juul A. , Jørgensen N. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryImpaired semen quality is frequent in Western countries and is the main reason or contributing reason in up to 50% of cases of couple infertility. Male factor infertility is mainly determined by examination of semen samples according to the World Health Organization's 2010 guidelines. AMH has both autocrine and paracrine properties through a direct effect via the AMH type II receptor and is therefore thought to be involved in spermatogenesis. We aimed to study the association between the serum concentration of AMH and semen quality in a cross‐sectional study including 970 young Danish men from the general population. All participants provided a semen sample, had a blood sample drawn, underwent a physical examination, and answered a questionnaire including information on lifestyle and medical history. Serum concentrations of reproductive hormones [AMH, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone (T), calculated free T, oestradiol (E2) and inhibin B] and semen parameters (semen volume, sperm concentration, and percentages of motile and morphologically normal spermatozoa) were determined. We found no association between serum AMH and semen quality, except for a significant (p = 0.011) trend for lower percentage of normal morphology with higher AMH. AMH quartile was positively associated with serum inhibin B (p < 0.001), inhibin B/FSH ratio (p < 0.001) and T/E2 ratio (0.016), and negatively associated with FSH (p = 0.004), LH (p = 0.005) and E2 (p = 0.028). There was no association between AMH quartile and T, calculated free T or total T/LH ratio. In conclusion, serum AMH is not useful as a marker of semen quality, and semen analysis using WHO criteria is still the golden standard in the evaluation of the infertile man.
Surgical management of plunging ranulas: a 10‐year case series in South East Queensland
Authors: Lomas Jonathan , Chandran Dhinashin , Whitfield Bernard C. S. 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundPlunging ranulas are rare mucous extravasation pseudocysts that arise in the floor of the mouth and pass into the submandibular space of the neck. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnosis, surgical management and outcomes of patients with a plunging ranula at our institution in South East Queensland over a 10‐year period.MethodsA retrospective analysis of adult patients diagnosed with and treated for plunging ranula between 2006 and 2016 at Logan Hospital was conducted. Patient demographics, preoperative investigations, surgical management and post‐operative outcomes were collected from medical records.ResultsA total of 18 adult patients were treated for plunging ranula. Of the 18 cases, 17 were treated via transoral excision of the sublingual gland. The mean age at presentation was 28.8 years with a 3:1 female to male predominance. Fifty‐six percent of patients were of Polynesian descent. The success rate was 94% with only one patient experiencing recurrence and requiring re‐excision of remnant sublingual gland tissue. Three patients (17%) developed complications related to post‐operative bleeding. There was a slight predominance for right‐sided disease (56%) compared with left and one case of bilateral plunging ranulas in this series.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that excision of the sublingual gland is an effective and safe treatment for plunging ranula. The majority of plunging ranulas occur in patients aged <30 years with a higher incidence in patients of Polynesian heritage, which is consistent with previous studies suggesting a possible underlying genetic predisposition for this condition.
Downregulation of heat shock protein B8 decreases osteogenic differentiation potential of dental pulp stem cells during in vitro proliferation
Authors: Flanagan M. , Li C. , Dietrich M. A. , Richard M. , Yao S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectivesTissue‐derived stem cells, such as dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), reduce differentiation capability during in vitro culture. We found that cultured DPSCs reduce expression of heat shock protein B8 (HspB8) and GIPC PDZ domain containing family member 2 (Gipc2). Our objectives were to evaluate the changes in DPSC composition during in vitro proliferation and to determine whether HspB8 and Gipc2 have function in differentiation potential of DPSCs.Materials and MethodsDifferent passages of rat DPSCs were evaluated for changes in CD90+ and/or CD271+ stem cells and changes in osteogenic potential. Real‐time RT‐PCR and immunostaining were conducted to determine expression of HspB8 and Gipc2. Expression of the genes in DPSCs was knocked down by siRNA, followed by osteogenic induction to evaluate the function of the genes.ResultsAbout 90% of cells in the DPSC cultures were CD90+ and/or CD271+ cells without dramatic change during in vitro proliferation. The DPSCs at passages 3 to 5 (P3 to P5) possess strong osteogenic potential, but such potential was greatly reduced at later passages. Expression of HspB8 and Gipc2 was significantly reduced at P11 versus P3. Knock‐down of HspB8 expression abolished osteogenic potential of the DPSCs, but knock‐down of Gipc2 had no effect.ConclusionsCD90+ and CD271+ cells are the major components of DPSCs in in vitro culture. High‐level expression of HspB8 was critical for maintaining differentiation potential of DPSCs.
Paediatric Rehabilitation Ingredients Measure: a new tool for identifying paediatric neurorehabilitation content
Authors: Forsyth Rob , Young David , Kelly Gemma , Davis Kathy , Dunford Carolyn , Golightly Andrew , Marshall Lindsay , Wales Lorna 
Published: December 2017

AimTo develop an instrument (Paediatric Rehabilitation Ingredients Measure [PRISM]) for quantitative estimation of contents of interdisciplinary neurorehabilitation for use in studies of relationships between rehabilitation treatment delivered and severity‐adjusted outcomes after acquired brain injury (ABI).MethodThe measure was developed using an ingredients–mediators–outcomes model consistent with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, a literature review, and other current initiatives in the development of rehabilitation treatment taxonomies, with item codevelopment in workshops with rehabilitation professionals. Interrater reliability was assessed in inpatient and residential paediatric rehabilitation settings.ResultsAlthough sometimes an initially unfamiliar perspective on rehabilitation practice, PRISM's acceptability amongst professionals was excellent. Internal consistency of scores was sometimes an issue for users unfamiliar with the tool; however, this improved with practice and interrater reliability (assessed by Kendall's W) was good. The tool was felt to have particular value in facilitating interdisciplinary communication and working. Modifications to the design of the tool have improved internal consistency.InterpretationPRISM supports identification of the ‘active ingredients’ of an interdisciplinary rehabilitation package and facilitates interdisciplinary communication. It also has potential as a research tool examining relationships between rehabilitation delivered and severity‐adjusted outcomes observed after paediatric ABI.What this paper adds

Identifying contribution of rehabilitation to outcomes after acquired brain injury requires quantification of rehabilitation ‘dose’ and ‘content’.

Previous approaches to ‘parsing’ of rehabilitation dose and content may have overemphasized one‐to‐one sessions with therapists.

We present a novel, holistic tool for identification of ingredients of an interdisciplinary rehabilitation package.

It supports interdisciplinary communication and has potential as a research tool.
Intranasal Oxytocin Attenuates Reactive and Ongoing, Chronic Pain in a Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Meidahl Anders C. , Eisenried Andreas , Klukinov Michael , Cao Longhui , Tzabazis Alexander Z. , Yeomans David C. 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundApproximately 1.7 million Americans sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI) each year and chronic pain is a common complication.ObjectiveWe studied the effects of intranasally administered oxytocin as a potential treatment for chronic pain in an animal model of mild TBI.MethodsThe lateral fluid percussion model of mild TBI was chosen for this purpose and after exposure to mild TBI the rats (n = 12) developed hind paw and facial allodynia compared to sham animals (n = 6). Oxytocin or a vehicle was afterwards administered intranasally and reactive pain was assessed by hind paw and facial von Frey testing. Some animals received the oxytocin receptor antagonist, atosiban, in addition to oxytocin/vehicle treatment (n = 12). The effect of oxytocin on ongoing and spontaneous pain was examined through conditioned place preference testing. To determine whether the effects of intranasal oxytocin could be attributed to delivery via the peripheral blood stream, some TBI animals received an intravenous injection of the same oxytocin dose that was given intranasally. ELISA immunoassays were carried out (n = 6) to measure concentrations of oxytocin in the trigeminal ganglia, pons, spinal cord, and olfactory bulb after intranasal administration and evaluate the most likely route of entry.ResultsThese studies confirmed that the fluid percussion model can be used to study post‐TBI facial allodynia. Oxytocin attenuated both reactive and spontaneous, ongoing non‐reactive pain following mild TBI for at least 3‐4 hours after intranasal administration by binding to OT or VA1‐receptors most likely by a peri‐trigeminal nerve mediated uptake.ConclusionsIntranasal oxytocin attenuates measures of reactive and non‐reactive pain in a model of mild TBI and may represent a novel treatment for chronic pain in TBI patients.
In Defence of Backyard Chickens
Authors: Fischer Bob , Milburn Josh 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSuppose that animals have rights. If so, may you go down to your local farm store, buy some chicks, raise them in your backyard, and eat their eggs? You wouldn't think so. But we argue, to the contrary, that you may. Just as there are circumstances in which it's permissible to liberate a slave, even if that means paying into a corrupt system, so there are circumstances in which it's permissible to liberate chickens by buying them. Moreover, we contend that restrictions on freedom of movement can be appropriate for chickens, but not humans, because of the obvious differences between the interests of healthy, adult humans versus those of chickens who have been bred for human use. We also argue that egg consumption is permissible based on the plausible assumption that no one's rights are violated in their consumption, and so while there may sometimes be morally preferable uses for eggs, you do nothing unjust in eating them. If we're right, then the rights view doesn't imply that veganism is obligatory; rather, it implies that the constraints on how we source animal products, though highly demanding, are not so demanding that they can't be met.
Clinical deterioration: A concept analysis
Authors: Padilla Ricardo M , Mayo Ann M 
Published: December 2017

Aims and objectivesTo present a concept analysis of clinical deterioration and introduce an operational definition.BackgroundHospitalised patients who endure cardiopulmonary arrest and unplanned intensive care unit admissions often exhibit physiological signs preceding these events. Clinical deterioration not promptly recognised can result in increased patient morbidity and mortality.A barrier to recognising and responding to clinical deterioration stems from practice variations among healthcare clinicians.DesignConcept analysis.MethodsEight‐step method of concept analysis proposed by Walker and Avant.ResultsDefining attributes include dynamic state, decompensation and objective and subjective determination. Antecedents identified include clinical state, susceptibility, pathogenesis and adverse event. Increased mortality, resuscitation, implementation of higher level of care and prolonged hospital admission were the consequences identified. Defining attributes, antecedents and consequences identified led to an operational definition of clinical deterioration as a dynamic state experienced by a patient compromising hemodynamic stability, marked by physiological decompensation accompanied by subjective or objective findings.ConclusionsClinical deterioration is a key contributor to inpatient mortality, and its recognition is often underpinned by contextual factors and practice variances. Variation in the uniformity of the concept of clinical deterioration causes a gap in knowledge and necessitated clarification of this phenomenon for nursing research and practice.Relevance to clinical practiceIdentifying and intervening on clinical deterioration plays a vital role in the inpatient setting demonstrated by the dynamic nature of a patients' condition during hospitalisation. It is anticipated that this concept analysis on clinical deterioration will contribute to further identification of clinically modifiable risk factors and accompanying interventions to prevent clinical deterioration in the inpatient setting.
Oral hygiene practices and knowledge among stroke‐care nurses: A multicentre cross‐sectional study
Authors: Ab. Malik Normaliza , Mohamad Yatim Saari , Hussein Norhayati , Mohamad Hanita , McGrath Colman 
Published: December 2017

Aims and objectivesTo investigate oral health knowledge for stroke care and the clinical practices performed for oral hygiene care in Malaysia.BackgroundOral hygiene care following stroke is important as the mouth can act as a reservoir for opportunistic infections that can lead to aspirational pneumonia.DesignA national cross‐sectional survey was conducted in Malaysia among public hospitals where specialist stroke rehabilitation care is provided.MethodsAll (16) hospitals were invited to participate, and site visits were conducted. A standardised questionnaire was employed to determine nurses' oral health knowledge for stroke care and existing clinical practices for oral hygiene care. Variations in oral health knowledge and clinical practices for oral hygiene care were examined.ResultsQuestionnaires were completed by 806 nurses across 13 hospitals. Oral health knowledge scores varied among the nurses; their mean score was 3.7 (SD 1.1) out of a possible 5.0. Approximately two‐thirds (63.6%, n = 513) reported that some form of “mouth cleaning” was performed for stroke patients routinely. However, only a third (38.3%, n = 309) reported to perform or assist with the clinical practice of oral hygiene care daily. Their oral health knowledge of stroke care was associated with clinical practices for oral hygiene care (p < .001).ConclusionsThe clinical practice of providing oral hygiene care is less than ideal, and there are deficiencies in oral health knowledge for stroke care. Oral health knowledge was associated with clinical practice of providing oral hygiene care. This has implications for training and integrating oral hygiene care within stroke rehabilitation.
Network on veterinary medicines initiated by the European Federation For Pharmaceutical Sciences
Authors: Mochel J. P. , Tyden E. , Hellmann K. , Vendrig J. C. , Şenel S. , Dencker L. , Cristina R. T. , Linden H. , Schmerold I. 
Published: December 2017

The European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences (EUFEPS) was founded 25 years ago by more than 20 national pharmaceutical societies and faculty members. As a pan‐European organization, it brings together pharmaceutical societies as well as academic, industrial and regulatory scientists engaged in drug research and development, drug regulation and education of professionals working in these fields. EUFEPS represents pharmaceutical sciences in Europe and is recognized as such by both the European Commission and the European Medicines Agency. EUFEPS cooperates with the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and other European organizations and maintains global connections with agencies such as the US Food and Drug Administration and the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists. EUFEPS has established specified networks forming the basis of its activities. The creation of a Network on Veterinary Medicines is prompted by the manifold problems resulting from the use of veterinary drugs and its inherent interconnections with human medicine, environmental and public health. A long‐term goal of this initiative was to expand the spectrum of available therapeutics for use in animals, including the development of innovative delivery systems.
Estimating average shock pressures recorded by impactite samples based on universal stage investigations of planar deformation features in quartz—Sources of error and recommendations
Authors: Holm‐Alwmark S. , Ferrière L. , Alwmark C. , Poelchau M. H. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPlanar deformation features (PDFs) in quartz are the most widely used indicator of shock metamorphism in terrestrial rocks. They can also be used for estimating average shock pressures that quartz‐bearing rocks have been subjected to. Here we report on a number of observations and problems that we have encountered when performing universal stage measurements and crystallographically indexing of PDF orientations in quartz. These include a comparison between manual and automated methods of indexing PDFs, an evaluation of the new stereographic projection template, and observations regarding the PDF statistics related to the c‐axis position and rhombohedral plane symmetry. We further discuss the implications that our findings have for shock barometry studies. Our study shows that the currently used stereographic projection template for indexing PDFs in quartz might induce an overestimation of rhombohedral planes with low Miller–Bravais indices. We suggest, based on a comparison of different shock barometry methods, that a unified method of assigning shock pressures to samples based on PDFs in quartz is necessary to allow comparison of data sets. This method needs to take into account not only the average number of PDF sets/grain but also the number of high Miller–Bravais index planes, both of which are important factors according to our study. Finally, we present a suggestion for such a method (which is valid for nonporous quartz‐bearing rock types), which consists of assigning quartz grains into types (A–E) based on the PDF orientation pattern, and then calculation of a mean shock pressure for each sample.
Loss of maximal explosive power of lower limbs after 2 weeks of disuse and incomplete recovery after retraining in older adults
Authors: Rejc Enrico , Floreani Mirco , Taboga Paolo , Botter Alberto , Toniolo Luana , Cancellara Lina , Narici Marco , Šimunič Boštjan , Pišot Rado , Biolo Gianni , Passaro Angelina , Rittweger Joern , Reggiani Carlo , Lazzer Stefano 
Published: December 2017

Key points
Disuse in older adults can critically decrease lower limb muscle power, leading to compromised mobility and overall quality of life.
We studied how muscle power and its determinants (muscle mass, single muscle fibre properties and motor control) adapted to 2 weeks of disuse and subsequent 2 weeks of physical training in young and older people.
Disuse decreased lower limb muscle power in both groups; however, different adaptations in single muscle fibre properties and co‐contraction of leg muscles were observed between young and older individuals.
Six physical training sessions performed after disuse promoted the recovery of muscle mass and power. However, they were not sufficient to restore muscle power to pre‐disuse values in older individuals, suggesting that further countermeasures are required to counteract the disuse‐induced loss of muscle power in older adults.
AbstractDisuse‐induced loss of muscle power can be detrimental in older individuals, seriously impairing functional capacity. In this study, we examined the changes in maximal explosive power (MEP) of lower limbs induced by a 14‐day disuse (bed‐rest, BR) and a subsequent 14‐day retraining, to assess whether the impact of disuse was greater in older than in young men, and to analyse the causes of such adaptations. Sixteen older adults (Old: 55–65 years) and seven Young (18–30 years) individuals participated in this study. In a subgroup of eight Old subjects, countermeasures based on cognitive training and protein supplementation were applied. MEP was measured with an explosive ergometer, muscle mass was determined by magnetic resonance, motor control was studied by EMG, and single muscle fibres were analysed in vastus lateralis biopsy samples. MEP was ∼33% lower in Old than in Young individuals, and remained significantly lower (−19%) when normalized by muscle volume. BR significantly affected MEP in Old (−15%) but not in Young. Retraining tended to increase MEP; however, this intervention was not sufficient to restore pre‐BR values in Old. Ankle co‐contraction increased after BR in Old only, and remained elevated after retraining (+30%). Significant atrophy occurred in slow fibres in Old, and in fast fibres in Young. After retraining, the recovery of muscle fibre thickness was partial. The proposed countermeasures were not sufficient to affect muscle mass and power. The greater impact of disuse and smaller retraining‐induced recovery observed in Old highlight the importance of designing suitable rehabilitation protocols for older individuals.
Resting heart rate, temporal changes in resting heart rate, and overall and cause-specific mortality
Authors: Seviiri Mathias , Lynch Brigid M , Hodge Allison M , Yang Yi , Liew Danny , English Dallas R , Giles Graham G , Milne Roger L , Dugué Pierre-Antoine 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveMost studies investigating the association between resting heart rate (RHR) and mortality have focused on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, and measured RHR at only one time point. We aimed to assess associations of RHR and changes in RHR over approximately a decade with overall and cause-specific mortality.MethodsWe used data from participants in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study with RHR measures at baseline (1990–1994; n=41 386; 9846 deaths) and at follow-up (2003–2007; n=21 692; 2818 deaths). RHR measures were taken by trained staff, using Dinamap monitors. Cox models were used to estimate HR and 95% CI for the associations between RHR and mortality. Vital status and cause of death were ascertained until August 2015 and December 2013, respectively.ResultsAfter adjustment for confounders, including blood pressure and known medical conditions but not arrhythmias or atrial fibrillation, RHR was associated with a higher risk of death of similar magnitude for CVD (HR per 10 beats per minute (bpm)=1.11, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.16), cancer (HR=1.10, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.13) and other causes (HR=1.20, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.25). Higher mortality was observed for most cancer sites, including breast (HR=1.16, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.31), colorectal (HR=1.18, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.29), kidney (HR=1.27, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.57) and lung cancer (HR=1.19, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.29). Temporal increases in RHR were associated with higher mortality, particularly for individuals whose RHR increased by more than 15 bpm.ConclusionsRHR and changes in RHR over a decade are associated with mortality risk, including from causes other than CVD such as breast, colorectal or lung cancer. Monitoring of RHR may have utility in identifying individuals at higher mortality risk.
Rate of oxygen loss from arterioles is an order of magnitude higher than expected
Authors: Popel Aleksander S. , Pittman Roland N. , Ellsworth Mary L. 
Published: December 2017

Pages H921–H924: Aleksander S. Popel, Roland N. Pittman, and Mary L. Ellsworth. “Rate of oxygen loss from arterioles is an order of magnitude higher than expected.” Page H922: Table 1 should appear as the following: (See PDF)