bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brand-Name Alphabet Books and Reading the Victorian Marketplace
Authors: Hoffman A Robin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
“Chapter 5: Brand-Name Alphabet Books and Reading the Victorian Marketplace” looks at alphabetical illustrations designed by Kate Greenaway and Hablot Knight Browne, or “Phiz”—Charles Dickens’s best-known illustrator—to show how branding combined with the rise of photomechanical reproduction in England during the last quarter of the nineteenth century. Greenaway’s bestselling A Apple Pie (1886) and Phiz’s Funny Alphabet (1883) disregarded both visual and textual literacy in order to commodify nostalgic ideas about childhood, glorifying domestic reading instruction over schooling. In the process, such works undermined contemporary efforts to revitalize craft and aesthetics within an increasingly text-based print culture. Literacy education was an incidental goal in the face of appeals to the heartstrings and pocketbooks of nostalgic adults.
Inevitable Literacy and the Alphabet at the Fin de Siècle
Authors: Hoffman A Robin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
“Chapter 6: Inevitable Literacy and the Alphabet at the Fin de Siècle” concludes this survey of nineteenth-century works by arguing that widely circulated late Victorian representations of the alphabet tended to reinforce the alphabet’s bureaucratic and even colonizing functions rather than its visual character. After nationalized elementary education normalized textual literacy in childhood, alphabet books were less useful for promoting aesthetics or design—especially after photographic modes of representation and reproduction had saturated print culture. Rudyard Kipling’s Just So stories about “How the Alphabet Was Made” (1902) instead satirized evolutionary theory, while Hilaire Belloc’s A Moral Alphabet (1899) expressed cynicism about schooling. Both writers exploited alphabetical illustration and nostalgia in order to advocate for the survival of individualized inscription alongside industrial modes.
Integrating datasets from herbarium specimens and images to treat a Neotropical myrtle species complex
Authors: Gaem Paulo Henrique , Andrella Giovani Carlos , Maurin Olivier , Bittrich Volker , Mazine Fiorella Fernanda , Lucas Eve , Estanislau do Amaral Maria do Carmo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Herbaria are the most important source of information for plant taxonomic work. Resources and technologies available today, such as digitized collections and herbarium DNA sequencing, can help accelerate taxonomic decisions in challenging plant groups. Here we employ an integrative methodology relying exclusively on herbarium specimens to investigate species boundaries in the Neotropical Myrcia neoobscura complex (Myrtaceae).

Methods
We collected morphometric data from high-resolution images of herbarium sheets and analysed them using hierarchical clustering. We posteriorly tested the obtained morpho-groups with phylogenomics using the Angiosperms353 probe kit. We also gathered phenological and geographical information from specimen labels and built phenological histograms and ecological niche models to investigate ecological differences amongst taxa.

Key Results
Current circumscriptions of Myrcia arenaria, Myrcia neoglabra and Myrcia neoregeliana are confirmed in this study. Conversely, the four pieces of evidence together support Calyptranthes langsdorffii var. grandiflora, Marlierea regeliana var. parviflora and Marlierea warmingiana as separate from Myrcia marliereana, Myrcia neoriedeliana and Myrcia neoobscura, respectively, contrary to arrangements proposed by previous authors. Integrated analyses also support separation between Myrcia excoriata and two similar, undescribed taxa.

Conclusions
Our data reveal the need for major changes in the systematics of the group, with recognition of 12 species. The successful delivery of our study aims was possible due to obtaining robust, high-quality data from museum specimens. We emphasize the importance of maintaining botanical collections physically and digitally available for taxonomic work and advocate their use to accelerate taxonomic solutions of tropical species complexes hollistically. This is urgent, given the paucity of funds for fieldwork and unprecedented rates of habitat loss in the tropics.
Laissez-Passer: Papering over the French Revolutionary Past
Authors: Taws Richard 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In France, the last decade of the eighteenth century saw an explosion in papers of diverse kinds, put to new political uses. However, in the aftermath of the French Revolution, paper was also instrumentalised to articulate histories of revolutionary participation, as well as changing ideas about revolutionary identification. Some of these were coded as virtuous: paper objects found a place at the heart of sentimental accounts of personal sacrifice, such as that of prison warder Joseph Cange. Conversely, paper was central to claims for culpability or reparation—most strikingly, assorted papers were mobilised as defence against recrimination for involvement in regicide, as discussed here in relation to printmaker and politician Antoine-Louis-François Sergent-Marceau. This essay considers how the apparent abundance that characterised the period’s paper ecology, along with new attitudes toward paper’s proliferation, preservation and disposal, bore the imprint of political justification, evasion and historical revisionism—all framed by the need to ‘pass’ as post-revolutionary.
Gallstone ileus causing perforation of multiple segments of small bowel
Authors: Eiref Andrew D , Hester Karri , Glaspy Tyler , Sarkisova Anna , Anand Sohini , Zimmerman Patrick W , Nicoara Michael , Patel Krishan , Walden Heath , Eiref Simon D 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Gallstone ileus results in a mechanical small bowel obstruction when an itinerant gallstone tumbles downstream and obstructs the bowel lumen. Associated proximal intestinal injury with perforation is rare, and concomitant perforation of multiple segments of bowel in the setting of gallstone ileus has never been reported in the literature. We are reporting the case of a 67-year-old female patient who had gallstone ileus causing perforation of multiple segments of small bowel. At operation, she was found to have a 3.2-cm gallstone lodged at the terminal ileum, perforation of both the mid ileum and mid jejunum, and gross enteric spillage. She underwent removal of the gallstone and small bowel resection × 2. She was initially left in discontinuity with an open abdomen. She returned to the operating room 2 days later for bowel anastomosis and abdominal closure. She recovered well after surgery and was discharged home.
Care-theoretic semantics
Authors: Ferguson Thomas Macaulay , Kadlečíková Jitka 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper argues for two claims, one conservative and the other one less so. First is the thesis that the range of linguistic features that can be considered authentically semantic is far wider in breadth than is typically acknowledged. In particular, linguistic phenomena that are entirely orthogonal to veridical considerations—including ethical matters—are sufficiently robust to support e.g. theories of meaning and inference. Second, we aim to argue that philosophy’s prioritization of truth obscures the existence of an important prior concern for care or the reduction of harm. Specifically, we offer a topic-theoretic interpretation of the bounds consequence reading of sequents put forward by Restall and Ripley. We argue that this reading allows us to provide a rigorous semantics using the newly introduced categories of care and harm. An important objection may be that philosophy requires the centrality and priority of truth above all else insofar as truth-like features are necessary to ground theories of meaning or reasoning. Anticipating such an objection, we will argue that care not only is an authentically semantic feature but also that care is sufficient to ground such theories.
Procalcitonin-Guided Management and Duration of Antibiotic Therapy in Critically Ill Cancer Patients With Sepsis (Pro-Can Study): A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Nazer Lama H. , Awad Wedad , Thawabieh Hadeel , Abusara Aseel , Abdelrahman Deema , Addassi Awad , Abuatta Osama , Sughayer Maher , Shehabi Yahya 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES:
To evaluate the effect of procalcitonin-guided management on the duration of antibiotic therapy in critically ill cancer patients with sepsis.

DESIGN:
Randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial.

SETTING:
A comprehensive multidisciplinary cancer hospital in Jordan.

PATIENTS:
Adults with cancer treated in the ICU who were started on antibiotics for suspected infection, met the SEPSIS-3 criteria, and were expected to stay in the ICU greater than or equal to 48 hours.

INTERVENTIONS:
Patients were randomized to the procalcitonin-guided or standard care (SC) arms. All patients had procalcitonin measured daily, up to 5 days or until ICU discharge or death. For the procalcitonin arm, a procalcitonin-guided algorithm was provided to guide antibiotic management, but clinicians were allowed to override the algorithm, if clinically indicated. In the SC arm, ICU clinicians were blinded to the procalcitonin levels.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Primary outcome was time to antibiotic cessation. We also evaluated the number of antibiotic-free days at 28 days, hospital discharge, or death, whichever came first, and antibiotic defined daily doses (DDDs). We enrolled 77 patients in the procalcitonin arm and 76 in the SC arm. Mean age was 58 ± 14 (sd) years, 67% were males, 74% had solid tumors, and 13% were neutropenic. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores were 7 (6–10) and 7 (5–9) and procalcitonin concentrations (ng/mL) at baseline were 3.4 (0.8–16) and 3.4 (0.5–26), in the procalcitonin and SC arms, respectively. There was no difference in the median (IQR) time to antibiotic cessation in the procalcitonin and SC arms, 8 (4–11) and 8 (5–13), respectively (p = 0.463). Median (IQR) number of antibiotic-free days were 20 (17–24) and 20 (16–23), (p = 0.484) and total DDDs were 1541.4 and 2050.4 in the procalcitonin and SC arms, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
In critically ill cancer patients with sepsis, procalcitonin-guided management did not reduce the duration of antibiotic treatment.
Long-term exposure to air pollution and prevalent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Matthiessen Clara , Glaubitz Lina , Lucht Sarah , Kälsch Julia , Luedde Tom , Erbel Raimund , Stang Andreas , Schmidt Börge , Friedman Scott L. , Canbay Ali , Bechmann Lars P. , Hoffmann Barbara 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a disease characterized by lipid accumulation within hepatocytes, ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, in the absence of secondary causes of hepatic fat accumulation. Although air pollution (AP) has been associated with several conditions related to NAFLD (e.g., metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus), few studies have explored an association between AP and NAFLD. The aim of the study was to investigate whether exposure to AP is associated with NAFLD prevalence.

Methods:
We used baseline cross-sectional data (2000–2003) of the Heinz–Nixdorf–Recall cohort study in Germany (baseline n = 4,814), a prospective population-based cohort study in the urbanized Ruhr Area. Mean annual exposure to size-fractioned particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5, PMcoarse, and PM2.5abs), nitrogen dioxide, and particle number was assessed using two different exposure models: a chemistry transport dispersion model, which captures urban background AP exposure on a 1 km2 grid at participant’s residential addresses, and a land use regression model, which captures point-specific AP exposure at participant’s residential addresses. NAFLD was assessed with the fatty liver index (n = 4,065), with NAFLD defined as fatty liver index ≥60. We estimated ORs of NAFLD per interquartile range of exposure using logistic regression, adjusted for socio-demographic and lifestyle variables.

Results:
We observed a NAFLD prevalence of 31.7% (n = 1,288). All air pollutants were positively associated with NAFLD prevalence, with an OR per interquartile range for PM2.5 of 1.11 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00, 1.24) using chemistry transport model, and 1.06 (95% CI = 0.94, 1.19) using the land use regression model, respectively.

Conclusion:
There was a positive association between long-term AP exposure and NAFLD.
Spinal lumbar Urocortin 3-expressing neurons are associated with both scratching and Compound 48/80-induced sensations
Authors: Franck Marina C. M. , Weman Hannah M. , Ceder Mikaela M. , Ahemaiti Aikeremu , Henriksson Katharina , Bengtsson Erica , Magnusson Kajsa A. , Koning Harmen K. , Öhman-Mägi Caroline , Lagerström Malin C. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Urocortin 3 is a neuropeptide that belongs to the corticotropin-releasing hormone family and is involved in mechanosensation and stress regulation. In this study, we show that Urocortin 3 marks a population of excitatory neurons in the mouse spinal cord, divided into 2 nonoverlapping subpopulations expressing protein kinase C gamma or calretinin/calbindin 2, populations previously associated with mechanosensation. Electrophysiological experiments demonstrated that lumbar spinal Urocortin 3 neurons receive both glycinergic and GABAergic local tonic inhibition, and monosynaptic inputs from both Aβ and C fibers, which could be confirmed by retrograde trans-synaptic rabies tracing. Furthermore, fos analyses showed that subpopulations of lumbar Urocortin 3 neurons are activated by artificial scratching or Compound 48/80-induced sensations. Chemogenetic activation of lumbar Urocortin 3-Cre neurons evoked a targeted biting/licking behavior towards the corresponding dermatome and chemogenetic inhibition decreased Compound 48/80-induced behavior. Hence, spinal lumbar Urocortin 3 neurons represent a mechanically associated population with roles in both scratching and Compound 48/80-induced sensations.
Alpha transcranial alternating current stimulation modulates pain anticipation and perception in a context-dependent manner
Authors: Li Xiaoyun , Jin Richu , Lu Xuejing , Zhan Yilin , Jiang Naifu , Peng Weiwei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Pain perception is closely tied to the brain's anticipatory processes, particularly involving the suppression of sensorimotor α-oscillations, which reflect the system's readiness for incoming pain. Higher sensorimotor α-oscillation levels are correlated with lower pain sensitivity. Alpha transcranial alternating current stimulation (α-tACS) can enhance these oscillations, potentially reducing pain perception, with effects that may be sustained and influenced by the certainty of pain expectations. Hence, this study investigated the immediate and sustained effects of α-tACS on pain anticipation and perception, focusing on how these effects are shaped by the certainty of expectations. In a double-blind, sham-controlled design, 80 healthy participants underwent a 20-minute session of real or sham α-tACS over the right sensorimotor region. Behavioral and neural responses related to pain anticipation and perception were recorded before, immediately after, and 30 minutes poststimulation under both certain and uncertain conditions. Compared with sham stimulation, real α-tACS disrupted the habituation of laser-evoked potentials (N2-P2 complex), particularly under certain expectations, with effects persisting 30 minutes poststimulation. In anticipatory brain oscillations, real α-tACS enhanced somatosensory α1-oscillations and increased midfrontal θ-oscillations in conditions of certainty, with θ-oscillation modulation showing sustained effects. Mediation analysis revealed that α-tACS reduced pain reactivity by enhancing somatosensory α1-oscillations but increased pain reactivity through the enhancement of midfrontal θ-oscillations, with the latter effect being more pronounced. These findings suggest that while α-tACS may provide pain relief through somatosensory α-oscillation augmentation, its stronger and longer-lasting impact on midfrontal θ-oscillations could lead to hyperalgesia, particularly in the context of certain pain expectations.
Multicenter study of OPRM1 A118G and promoter-region DNA methylation associations with opioid outcomes and chronic postsurgical pain after pediatric musculoskeletal surgery
Authors: Upton Brian A. , Krolick Kristen N. , Zhang Xue , Pilipenko Valentina , Martin Lisa J. , Ji Hong , Glynn Susan , Barnett Kristi , Ganesh Arjunan , Monitto Constance L. , Einhorn Lisa M. , Ramamurthi Radhamangalam J. , Chidambaran Vidya 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Mu opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) variant rs1799971 introduces a CpG site, which may influence DNA methylation (DNAm) and opioid/pain outcomes.

Objectives:
In this nested analysis, we investigated both OPRM1 A118G genotype and promoter/immediate downstream blood DNAm sequencing data for associations with opioid effects and chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) in a surgical cohort.

Methods:
Prospectively recruited opioid naïve patients undergoing Nuss procedure or spinal fusion with rs1799971 genotypes (Illumina arrays), DNAm (next generation enzymatic methylation sequencing at Chr6:154,039,209-154,039,803) and outcomes—opioid analgesia (integrated opioid use + pain over postoperative days 0 and 1 normalized to surgery type), safety—respiratory depression (RD) in high opioid use groups, and CPSP (Numerical Rating Scale >3/10 2-12 months postsurgery)—were included. Linear and logistic regression were performed to test genetic and epigenetic associations, adjusted for sociodemographics, cell types, and analgesics.

Results:
In this cohort (N = 112; 15.3 ± 2.0 years, 50% female, 83% White, 55% had CPSP, 13% had RD), DNAm at Chr6:154039216-154039217 was associated with CPSP (odds ratio [OR], 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00-1.57; P = 0.03), Chr6:154039661-154039662 with acute integrated pain (β = −20.9, 95% CI, −40.70 to −1.10, P = 0.04), Chr6:154039520-154039521 (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.09-2.03; P = 0.01), and Chr6:154039571-154039572 (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.08-2.01; P = 0.02) with RD. Significant CpG sites were located in Repressed Polycomb chromatin states. Genotype was not associated with DNAm or outcomes.

Conclusion:
Our analyses support OPRM1 DNAm as predictors of acute and chronic pain/opioid outcomes in children after painful surgery. Study limitations included absent GG genotype, low sequencing coverage, and lack of correction for multiple testing.
An innovative phase 2 chronic pain master protocol design to assess novel mechanisms in multiple pain types
Authors: Knopp Kelly L. , Downing AnnCatherine M. , Anthony Leslie , Chaterjee Saptarshi , Price Karen , Sparks JonDavid 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The phase 2 chronic pain master protocol (CPMP) presented here provides a construct to accelerate the investigation of novel analgesics, broadly referred to here as mechanisms. Designed to address historical challenges in analgesic research and development, such as the choice of indication, this protocol enables the efficient evaluation of potential therapeutics with different mechanisms of action in 3 pain types: nociceptive pain (osteoarthritis), neuropathic pain (diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain), and mixed pain (chronic low back pain).

Methods:
The study design was determined before the identification of any specific molecule. Statistical simulations were conducted to optimize the methodology and design, the culmination of which were submitted to and accepted by the Complex Innovative Trial Design Pilot Meeting Program, a unique collaboration with the United States Food and Drug Administration. Benefits of the CPMP include limiting the number of study participants exposed to placebo and reducing the total sample size over time by leveraging placebo data across studies within a pain type and efficacy data across pain types for a specific molecule. The CPMP design enables: (1) efficient evaluation of multiple novel mechanisms of action; (2) the study of multiple molecules simultaneously or serially; (3) direct statistical comparison of molecules within a pain type; and (4) efficient planning and conduct of clinical studies. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT05986292.

Perspective:
By evaluating novel mechanisms across different pain types, therapeutic potential can be assessed more efficiently compared with traditional individual clinical studies.
Exploring the Meta-debrief
Authors: Kumar Prashant , Collins Kathleen , Oliver Nathan , Duys Rowan , Park-Ross Jocelyn Frances , Paton Catherine , Laws-Chapman Colette , Eppich Walter , McGowan Neil 
Published: October 2024

Summary Statement
Otherwise known as debriefing the debrief, meta-debriefing describes the practice of debriefing simulation facilitators after they have facilitated, or observed, a debriefing. It is a vital component of enhancing debriefing skills, irrespective of where debriefers may be in terms of their professional development journey from novice to expert. We present the following 4 fundamental pillars, which underpin the creation of an impactful meta-debriefing strategy: theoretically driven, psychologically safe, context dependent, and formative in function. Furthermore, we describe various strategies that, underpinned by these 4 key pillars, contribute to a toolbox of techniques that enable meta-debriefers to develop proficiency and flexibility in their practice. We have synthesized and critically reviewed the current evidence base, derived mostly from the debriefing literature, and highlighted gaps to address in meta-debriefing contexts. We hope this article stimulates discussion among simulation practitioners, progresses the science and art of meta-debriefing, and prompts further research so that meta-debriefing can become an integral evidence-based component of our faculty development processes.
Literature Review on the Effectiveness and Required Dosages of Cognitive Interventions for Older Adults
Authors: Winningham Robert G. , Pacheco Alexis J. 
Published: October 2024

Objective:
The purpose of this article is to review interventions that have been shown to improve cognitive abilities in older adults, including aerobic training, resistance training, yoga, tai chi, dual tasking, and meditation. The purpose of this article is to identify findings that can lead to recommendations regarding optimal dosages of the above interventions.

Methods:
This literature review relied heavily on meta-analyses that combined data from randomized controlled studies in order to identify interventions that reliably produce meaningful improvements in cognition. In addition, the meta-analyses were used to find dosage recommendations that appeared when similar studies were analyzed.

Conclusions:
There is ample evidence that various physical exercise and cognitive stimulation interventions can lead to meaningful improvements in cognition. The results often vary as a function of the participants’ cognitive abilities and presence of cognitive impairment or dementia. In many cases, it is possible to begin making recommendations in terms of the length of sessions and the length of interventions for various populations.