bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Taming interfacial electronic properties of platinum nanoparticles on vacancy-abundant boron nitride nanosheets for enhanced catalysis
Authors: Zhu Wenshuai , Wu Zili , Foo Guo Shiou , Gao Xiang , Zhou Mingxia , Liu Bin , Veith Gabriel M. , Wu Peiwen , Browning Katie L. , Lee Ho Nyung , Li Huaming , Dai Sheng , Zhu Huiyuan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTaming interfacial electronic effects on Pt nanoparticles modulated by their concomitants has emerged as an intriguing approach to optimize Pt catalytic performance. Here, we report Pt nanoparticles assembled on vacancy-abundant hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets and their use as a model catalyst to embrace an interfacial electronic effect on Pt induced by the nanosheets with N-vacancies and B-vacancies for superior CO oxidation catalysis. Experimental results indicate that strong interaction exists between Pt and the vacancies. Bader charge analysis shows that with Pt on B-vacancies, the nanosheets serve as a Lewis acid to accept electrons from Pt, and on the contrary, when Pt sits on N-vacancies, the nanosheets act as a Lewis base for donating electrons to Pt. The overall-electronic effect demonstrates an electron-rich feature of Pt after assembling on hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets. Such an interfacial electronic effect makes Pt favour the adsorption of O2, alleviating CO poisoning and promoting the catalysis.
11% efficiency solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells with copper(II/I) hole transport materials
Authors: Cao Yiming , Saygili Yasemin , Ummadisingu Amita , Teuscher Joël , Luo Jingshan , Pellet Norman , Giordano Fabrizio , Zakeeruddin Shaik Mohammed , Moser Jacques -E. , Freitag Marina , Hagfeldt Anders , Grätzel Michael 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSolid-state dye-sensitized solar cells currently suffer from issues such as inadequate nanopore filling, low conductivity and crystallization of hole-transport materials infiltrated in the mesoscopic TiO2 scaffolds, leading to low performances. Here we report a record 11% stable solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell under standard air mass 1.5 global using a hole-transport material composed of a blend of [Cu (4,4′,6,6′-tetramethyl-2,2′-bipyridine)2](bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide)2 and [Cu (4,4′,6,6′-tetramethyl-2,2′-bipyridine)2](bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide). The amorphous Cu(II/I) conductors that conduct holes by rapid hopping infiltrated in a 6.5 μm-thick mesoscopic TiO2 scaffold are crucial for achieving such high efficiency. Using time-resolved laser photolysis, we determine the time constants for electron injection from the photoexcited sensitizers Y123 into the TiO2 and regeneration of the Y123 by Cu(I) to be 25 ps and 3.2 μs, respectively. Our work will foster the development of low-cost solid-state photovoltaic based on transition metal complexes as hole conductors.
The influence of Antarctic subglacial volcanism on the global iron cycle during the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Frisia Silvia , Weyrich Laura S. , Hellstrom John , Borsato Andrea , Golledge Nicholas R. , Anesio Alexandre M. , Bajo Petra , Drysdale Russell N. , Augustinus Paul C. , Rivard Camille , Cooper Alan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMarine sediment records suggest that episodes of major atmospheric CO2 drawdown during the last glacial period were linked to iron (Fe) fertilization of subantarctic surface waters. The principal source of this Fe is thought to be dust transported from southern mid-latitude deserts. However, uncertainty exists over contributions to CO2 sequestration from complementary Fe sources, such as the Antarctic ice sheet, due to the difficulty of locating and interrogating suitable archives that have the potential to preserve such information. Here we present petrographic, geochemical and microbial DNA evidence preserved in precisely dated subglacial calcites from close to the East Antarctic Ice-Sheet margin, which together suggest that volcanically-induced drainage of Fe-rich waters during the Last Glacial Maximum could have reached the Southern Ocean. Our results support a significant contribution of Antarctic volcanism to subglacial transport and delivery of nutrients with implications on ocean productivity at peak glacial conditions.
Ruthenium(II)-catalysed remote C–H alkylations as a versatile platform to meta-decorated arenes
Authors: Li Jie , Korvorapun Korkit , De Sarkar Suman , Rogge Torben , Burns David J. , Warratz Svenja , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe full control of positional selectivity is of prime importance in C–H activation technology. Chelation assistance served as the stimulus for the development of a plethora of ortho-selective arene functionalizations. In sharp contrast, meta-selective C–H functionalizations continue to be scarce, with all ruthenium-catalysed transformations currently requiring difficult to remove or modify nitrogen-containing heterocycles. Herein, we describe a unifying concept to access a wealth of meta-decorated arenes by a unique arene ligand effect in proximity-induced ruthenium(II) C–H activation catalysis. The transformative nature of our strategy is mirrored by providing a step-economical entry to a range of meta-substituted arenes, including ketones, acids, amines and phenols—key structural motifs in crop protection, material sciences, medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical industries.
Genome-wide approach identifies a novel gene-maternal pre-pregnancy BMI interaction on preterm birth
Authors: Hong Xiumei , Hao Ke , Ji Hongkai , Peng Shouneng , Sherwood Ben , Di Narzo Antonio , Tsai Hui-Ju , Liu Xin , Burd Irina , Wang Guoying , Ji Yuelong , Caruso Deanna , Mao Guangyun , Bartell Tami R. , Zhang Zhongyang , Pearson Colleen , Heffner Linda , Cerda Sandra , Beaty Terri H. , Fallin M. Daniele , Lee-Parritz Aviva , Zuckerman Barry , Weeks Daniel E. , Wang Xiaobin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPreterm birth (PTB) contributes significantly to infant mortality and morbidity with lifelong impact. Few robust genetic factors of PTB have been identified. Such ‘missing heritability’ may be partly due to gene × environment interactions (G × E), which is largely unexplored. Here we conduct genome-wide G × E analyses of PTB in 1,733 African-American women (698 mothers of PTB; 1,035 of term birth) from the Boston Birth Cohort. We show that maternal COL24A1 variants have a significant genome-wide interaction with maternal pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity on PTB risk, with rs11161721 (PG × E=1.8 × 10−8; empirical PG × E=1.2 × 10−8) as the top hit. This interaction is replicated in African-American mothers (PG × E=0.01) from an independent cohort and in meta-analysis (PG × E=3.6 × 10−9), but is not replicated in Caucasians. In adipose tissue, rs11161721 is significantly associated with altered COL24A1 expression. Our findings may provide new insight into the aetiology of PTB and improve our ability to predict and prevent PTB.
DNA exonuclease Trex1 regulates radiotherapy-induced tumour immunogenicity
Authors: Vanpouille-Box Claire , Alard Amandine , Aryankalayil Molykutty J. , Sarfraz Yasmeen , Diamond Julie M. , Schneider Robert J. , Inghirami Giorgio , Coleman C. Norman , Formenti Silvia C. , Demaria Sandra 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRadiotherapy is under investigation for its ability to enhance responses to immunotherapy. However, the mechanisms by which radiation induces anti-tumour T cells remain unclear. We show that the DNA exonuclease Trex1 is induced by radiation doses above 12–18 Gy in different cancer cells, and attenuates their immunogenicity by degrading DNA that accumulates in the cytosol upon radiation. Cytosolic DNA stimulates secretion of interferon-β by cancer cells following activation of the DNA sensor cGAS and its downstream effector STING. Repeated irradiation at doses that do not induce Trex1 amplifies interferon-β production, resulting in recruitment and activation of Batf3-dependent dendritic cells. This effect is essential for priming of CD8+ T cells that mediate systemic tumour rejection (abscopal effect) in the context of immune checkpoint blockade. Thus, Trex1 is an upstream regulator of radiation-driven anti-tumour immunity. Trex1 induction may guide the selection of radiation dose and fractionation in patients treated with immunotherapy.
Anthropogenic climate change has altered primary productivity in Lake Superior
Authors: O’Beirne M. D. , Werne J. P. , Hecky R. E. , Johnson T. C. , Katsev S. , Reavie E. D. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAnthropogenic climate change has the potential to alter many facets of Earth’s freshwater resources, especially lacustrine ecosystems. The effects of anthropogenic changes in Lake Superior, which is Earth’s largest freshwater lake by area, are not well documented (spatially or temporally) and predicted future states in response to climate change vary. Here we show that Lake Superior experienced a slow, steady increase in production throughout the Holocene using (paleo)productivity proxies in lacustrine sediments to reconstruct past changes in primary production. Furthermore, data from the last century indicate a rapid increase in primary production, which we attribute to increasing surface water temperatures and longer seasonal stratification related to longer ice-free periods in Lake Superior due to anthropogenic climate warming. These observations demonstrate that anthropogenic effects have become a prominent influence on one of Earth’s largest, most pristine lacustrine ecosystems.
Genome-wide association study identifies multiple risk loci for renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Scelo Ghislaine , Purdue Mark P. , Brown Kevin M. , Johansson Mattias , Wang Zhaoming , Eckel-Passow Jeanette E. , Ye Yuanqing , Hofmann Jonathan N. , Choi Jiyeon , Foll Matthieu , Gaborieau Valerie , Machiela Mitchell J. , Colli Leandro M. , Li Peng , Sampson Joshua N. , Abedi-Ardekani Behnoush , Besse Celine , Blanche Helene , Boland Anne , Burdette Laurie , Chabrier Amelie , Durand Geoffroy , Le Calvez-Kelm Florence , Prokhortchouk Egor , Robinot Nivonirina , Skryabin Konstantin G. , Wozniak Magdalena B. , Yeager Meredith , Basta-Jovanovic Gordana , Dzamic Zoran , Foretova Lenka , Holcatova Ivana , Janout Vladimir , Mates Dana , Mukeriya Anush , Rascu Stefan , Zaridze David , Bencko Vladimir , Cybulski Cezary , Fabianova Eleonora , Jinga Viorel , Lissowska Jolanta , Lubinski Jan , Navratilova Marie , Rudnai Peter , Szeszenia-Dabrowska Neonila , Benhamou Simone , Cancel-Tassin Geraldine , Cussenot Olivier , Baglietto Laura , Boeing Heiner , Khaw Kay-Tee , Weiderpass Elisabete , Ljungberg Borje , Sitaram Raviprakash T. , Bruinsma Fiona , Jordan Susan J. , Severi Gianluca , Winship Ingrid , Hveem Kristian , Vatten Lars J. , Fletcher Tony , Koppova Kvetoslava , Larsson Susanna C. , Wolk Alicja , Banks Rosamonde E. , Selby Peter J. , Easton Douglas F. , Pharoah Paul , Andreotti Gabriella , Freeman Laura E. Beane , Koutros Stella , Albanes Demetrius , Männistö Satu , Weinstein Stephanie , Clark Peter E. , Edwards Todd L. , Lipworth Loren , Gapstur Susan M. , Stevens Victoria L. , Carol Hallie , Freedman Matthew L. , Pomerantz Mark M. , Cho Eunyoung , Kraft Peter , Preston Mark A. , Wilson Kathryn M. , Michael Gaziano J. , Sesso Howard D. , Black Amanda , Freedman Neal D. , Huang Wen-Yi , Anema John G. , Kahnoski Richard J. , Lane Brian R. , Noyes Sabrina L. , Petillo David , Teh Bin Tean , Peters Ulrike , White Emily , Anderson Garnet L. , Johnson Lisa , Luo Juhua , Buring Julie , Lee I-Min , Chow Wong-Ho , Moore Lee E. , Wood Christopher , Eisen Timothy , Henrion Marc , Larkin James , Barman Poulami , Leibovich Bradley C. , Choueiri Toni K. , Mark Lathrop G. , Rothman Nathaniel , Deleuze Jean-Francois , McKay James D. , Parker Alexander S. , Wu Xifeng , Houlston Richard S. , Brennan Paul , Chanock Stephen J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPrevious genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified six risk loci for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We conducted a meta-analysis of two new scans of 5,198 cases and 7,331 controls together with four existing scans, totalling 10,784 cases and 20,406 controls of European ancestry. Twenty-four loci were tested in an additional 3,182 cases and 6,301 controls. We confirm the six known RCC risk loci and identify seven new loci at 1p32.3 (rs4381241, P=3.1 × 10−10), 3p22.1 (rs67311347, P=2.5 × 10−8), 3q26.2 (rs10936602, P=8.8 × 10−9), 8p21.3 (rs2241261, P=5.8 × 10−9), 10q24.33-q25.1 (rs11813268, P=3.9 × 10−8), 11q22.3 (rs74911261, P=2.1 × 10−10) and 14q24.2 (rs4903064, P=2.2 × 10−24). Expression quantitative trait analyses suggest plausible candidate genes at these regions that may contribute to RCC susceptibility.
Distinct homotypic B-cell receptor interactions shape the outcome of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Minici Claudia , Gounari Maria , Übelhart Rudolf , Scarfò Lydia , Dühren-von Minden Marcus , Schneider Dunja , Tasdogan Alpaslan , Alkhatib Alabbas , Agathangelidis Andreas , Ntoufa Stavroula , Chiorazzi Nicholas , Jumaa Hassan , Stamatopoulos Kostas , Ghia Paolo , Degano Massimo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCell-autonomous B-cell receptor (BcR)-mediated signalling is a hallmark feature of the neoplastic B lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). Here we elucidate the structural basis of autonomous activation of CLL B cells, showing that BcR immunoglobulins initiate intracellular signalling through homotypic interactions between epitopes that are specific for each subgroup of patients with homogeneous clinicobiological profiles. The molecular details of the BcR–BcR interactions apparently dictate the clinical course of disease, with stronger affinities and longer half-lives in indolent cases, and weaker, short-lived contacts mediating the aggressive ones. The diversity of homotypic BcR contacts leading to cell-autonomous signalling reconciles the existence of a shared pathogenic mechanism with the biological and clinical heterogeneity of CLL and offers opportunities for innovative treatment strategies.
Diversity spurs diversification in ecological communities
Authors: Calcagno Vincent , Jarne Philippe , Loreau Michel , Mouquet Nicolas , David Patrice 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDiversity is a fundamental, yet threatened, property of ecological systems. The idea that diversity can itself favour diversification, in an autocatalytic process, is very appealing but remains controversial. Here, we study a generalized model of ecological communities and investigate how the level of initial diversity influences the possibility of evolutionary diversification. We show that even simple models of intra- and inter-specific ecological interactions can predict a positive effect of diversity on diversification: adaptive radiations may require a threshold number of species before kicking-off. We call this phenomenon DDAR (diversity-dependent adaptive radiations) and identify mathematically two distinct pathways connecting diversity to diversification, involving character displacement and the positive diversity-productivity relationship. Our results may explain observed delays in adaptive radiations at the macroscale and diversification patterns reported in experimental microbial communities, and shed new light on the dynamics of ecological diversity, the diversity-dependence of diversification rates, and the consequences of biodiversity loss.
Zinc-dependent regulation of zinc import and export genes by Zur
Authors: Choi Seung-Hwan , Lee Kang-Lok , Shin Jung-Ho , Cho Yoo-Bok , Cha Sun-Shin , Roe Jung-Hye 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn most bacteria, zinc depletion is sensed by Zur, whereas the surplus is sensed by different regulators to achieve zinc homeostasis. Here we present evidence that zinc-bound Zur not only represses genes for zinc acquisition but also induces the zitB gene encoding a zinc exporter in Streptomyces coelicolor, a model actinobacteria. Zinc-dependent gene regulation by Zur occurs in two phases. At sub-femtomolar zinc concentrations (phase I), dimeric Zur binds to the Zur-box motif immediately upstream of the zitB promoter, resulting in low zitB expression. At the same time, Zur represses genes for zinc uptake. At micromolar zinc concentrations (phase II), oligomeric Zur binding with footprint expansion upward from the Zur box results in high zitB induction. Our findings reveal a mode of zinc-dependent gene activation that uses a single metalloregulator to control genes for both uptake and export over a wide range of zinc concentrations.
Real-time observation of cation exchange kinetics and dynamics at the muscovite-water interface
Authors: Lee Sang Soo , Fenter Paul , Nagy Kathryn L. , Sturchio Neil C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIon exchange at charged solid–liquid interfaces is central to a broad range of chemical and transport phenomena. Real-time observations of adsorption/desorption at the molecular-scale elucidate exchange reaction pathways. Here we report temporal variation in the distribution of Rb+ species at the muscovite (001)–water interface during exchange with Na+. Time-resolved resonant anomalous X-ray reflectivity measurements at 25 °C reveal that Rb+ desorption occurs over several tens of seconds during which thermodynamically stable inner-sphere Rb+ slowly transforms to a less stable outer-sphere Rb+. In contrast, Rb+ adsorption is about twice as fast, proceeding from Rb+ in the bulk solution to the stable inner-sphere species. The Arrhenius plot of the adsorption/desorption rate constants measured from 9 to 55 °C shows that the pre-exponential factor for desorption is significantly smaller than that for adsorption, indicating that this reduced attempt frequency of cation detachment largely explains the slow cation exchange processes at the interface.
MicroRNA-34a Encapsulated in Hyaluronic Acid Nanoparticles Induces Epigenetic Changes with Altered Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Apoptosis in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Trivedi Malav , Singh Amit , Talekar Meghna , Pawar Grishma , Shah Parin , Amiji Mansoor 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTherapies targeting epigenetic changes for cancer treatment are in Phase I/II trials; however, all of these target only nuclear DNA. Emerging evidence suggests presence of methylation marks on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA); but their contribution in cancer is unidentified. Expression of genes encoded on mtDNA are altered in cancer cells, along with increased glycolytic flux. Such glycolytic flux and elevated reactive oxygen species is supported by increased antioxidant; glutathione. MicroRNA-34a can translocate to mitochondria, mediate downstream apoptotic effects of tumor suppressor P53, and inhibit the antioxidant response element Nrf-2, resulting in depleted glutathione levels. Based on such strong rationale, we encapsulated microRNA-34a in our well-established Hyaluronic-Acid nanoparticles and delivered to cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant A549-lung adenocarcinoma cells. Successful delivery and uptake in cells resulted in altered ATP levels, decreased glycolytic flux, Nrf-2 and glutathione levels, ultimately resulting in caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. Most important were the concurrent underlying molecular changes in epigenetic status of D-loop on the mtDNA and transcription of mtDNA-encoded genes. Although preliminary, we provide a novel therapeutic approach in form of altered mitochondrial bioenergetics and redox status of cancer cells with underlying changes in epigenetic status of mtDNA that can subsequently results in induction of cancer cell apoptosis.
Novel bioactive glass based injectable bone cement with improved osteoinductivity and its in vivo evaluation
Authors: zhu Tengjiao , Ren Huihui , Li Ailing , Liu Bingchuan , cui Caiyun , Dong Yanmei , Tian Yun , Qiu Dong 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRecently, more and more attention has been paid to the development of a new generation of injectable bone cements that are bioactive, biodegradable and are able to have appropriate mechanical properties for treatment of vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). In this study, a novel PSC/CS composite cement with high content of PSC (a phytic acid-derived bioactive glass) was prepared and evaluated in both vitro and vivo. The PSC/CS cement showed excellent injectability, good resistance to disintegration, radiopacity and suitable mechanical properties. The in vitro test showed that the cement was bioactive, biocompatible and could maintain its shape sustainably, which made it possible to provide a long-term mechanical support for bone regeneration. Radiography, microcomputed tomography and histology of critical sized rabbit femoral condyle defects implanted with the cements proved the resorption and osteoinductivity of the cement. Compared with the PMMA and CSPC, there were more osteocyte and trabeculae at the Bone-Cement interface in the group PSC/CS cement. The volume of the residual bone cement suggested that PSC/CS had certain ability of degradation and the resorption rate was much lower than that of the CSPC cement. Together, the results indicated that the cement was a promising bone cement to treat the VCFs.
Multimode quantum states with single photons carrying orbital angular momentum
Authors: Song Xin-Bing , Fu Shi-Yao , Zhang Xiong , Yang Zhen-Wei , Zeng Qiang , Gao Chunqing , Zhang Xiangdong 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe propose and experimentally demonstrate a scheme for generating multimode quantum states with single photons carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM). Various quantum states have been realized by superposing multiple OAM modes of single photons in two possible paths. These quantum states exhibit NOON-like “super-resolving” interference behavior for the multiple OAM modes of single photons. Compared with the NOON states using many photons, these states are not only easily prepared, but also robust to photon losses. They may find potential applications in quantum optical communication and recognizing defects or objects. The method to identify a particular kind of defect has been demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally.
Urinary metabolomics reveals the therapeutic effect of HuangQi Injections in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxic rats
Authors: Li Chang-Yin , Song Hui-Ting , Wang Xiao-Xiao , Wan Yao-Yao , Ding Xuan-Sheng , Liu Shi-Jia , Dai Guo-Liang , Liu Yue-Heng , Ju Wen-Zheng 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe side effects of cisplatin (CDDP), notably nephrotoxicity, greatly limited its use in clinical chemotherapy. HuangQi Injections (HI), a commonly used preparation of the well-known Chinese herbal medicine Astragali radix, appeared to be promising treatment for nephrotoxicity without compromising the anti-tumor activity of CDDP. In this study, the urinary metabolomics approach using liquid chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF/MS) was developed to assess the toxicity-attenuation effects and corresponding mechanisms of HI on CDDP-exposed rats. As a result, successive administration of HI significantly recovered the decline of body weight and downregulated the abnormal increase of serum creatinine and urea. HI partly restored the CDDP-induced alteration of metabolic profiling back into normal condition. Totally 43 toxicity-attenuation potential biomarkers were screened and tentatively identified, which were involved in important metabolic pathways such as amino acid metabolism, TCA cycle, fatty acid metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism and purine metabolism. The results clearly revealed that HI could alleviate CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity and improve the disturbed metabolic balance induced by repeated CDDP exposure. The present study provided reliable evidence for the protective effect of HI on CDDP-induced toxicity with the multi-target pharmacological characteristics.