bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery and the SYNTAX score: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bundhun Pravesh Kumar , Yanamala Chandra Mouli , Huang Feng 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe SYNTAX [Synergy Between percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) With Taxus and coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG)] score is a decision-making tool in interventional cardiology. However, several facts still remain to be addressed: What about PCI or CABG with a low versus a high score respectively? And what about PCI with a low score versus CABG with a high score? Electronic databases were carefully searched for relevant publications. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and the analysis was carried out by RevMan 5.3. Eleven studies with a total number of 11,037 patients were included. In terms of clinical outcomes, this analysis showed PCI to have significantly favored patients with a low versus a high SYNTAX score. In patients who were re-vascularized by CABG, mortality and major adverse cardiac events were significantly lower with a low SYNTAX score. However, when PCI with a low SYNTAX score was compared with CABG with a high SYNTAX score, no significant difference in mortality and combined death/stroke/myocardial infarction were observed. In conclusion, the SYNTAX score might be considered useful in interventional cardiology. Nevertheless, the fact that it has limitations when compared to newer tools should also not be ignored.
Simultaneous imaging of magnetic field and temperature distributions by magneto optical indicator microscopy
Authors: Lee Hanju , Jeon Sunghoon , Friedman Barry , Lee Kiejin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe report a simultaneous imaging method of the temperature and the magnetic field distributions based on the magneto optical indicator microscopy. The present method utilizes an optical indicator composed of a bismuth-substituted yttrium iron garnet thin film, and visualizes the magnetic field and temperature distributions through the magneto-optical effect and the temperature dependent optical absorption of the garnet thin film. By using a printed circuit board that carries an electric current as a device under test, we showed that the present method can visualize the magnetic field and temperature distribution simultaneously with a comparable temperature sensitivity (0.2 K) to that of existing conventional thermal imagers. The present technique provides a practical way to get a high resolution magnetic and thermal image at the same time, which is valuable in investigating how thermal variation results in a change of the operation state of a micrometer sized electronic device or material.
The human two-pore channel 1 is modulated by cytosolic and luminal calcium
Authors: Lagostena Laura , Festa Margherita , Pusch Michael , Carpaneto Armando 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTwo-pore channels (TPC) are intracellular endo-lysosomal proteins with only recently emerging roles in organellar signalling and involvement in severe human diseases. Here, we investigated the functional properties of human TPC1 expressed in TPC-free vacuoles from Arabidopsis thaliana cells. Large (20 pA/pF) TPC1 currents were elicited by cytosolic addition of the phosphoinositide phosphatidylinositol-(3,5)-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2) with an apparent binding constant of ~15 nM. The channel is voltage-dependent, activating at positive potentials with single exponential kinetics and currents are Na+ selective, with measurable but low permeability to Ca2+. Cytosolic Ca2+ modulated hTPC1 in dual way: low μM cytosolic Ca2+ increased activity by shifting the open probability towards negative voltages and by accelerating the time course of activation. This mechanism was well-described by an allosteric model. Higher levels of cytosolic Ca2+ induced a voltage-dependent decrease of the currents compatible with Ca2+ binding in the permeation pore. Conversely, an increase in luminal Ca2+ decreased hTPC1 activity. Our data point to a process in which Ca2+ permeation in hTPC1 has a positive feedback on channel activity while Na+ acts as a negative regulator. We speculate that the peculiar Ca2+ and Na+ dependence are key for the physiological roles of the channel in organellar homeostasis and signalling.
Enhanced PEC performance of nanoporous Si photoelectrodes by covering HfO2 and TiO2 passivation layers
Authors: Xing Zhuo , Ren Feng , Wu Hengyi , Wu Liang , Wang Xuening , Wang Jingli , Wan Da , Zhang Guozhen , Jiang Changzhong 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNanostructured Si as the high efficiency photoelectrode material is hard to keep stable in aqueous for water splitting. Capping a passivation layer on the surface of Si is an effective way of protecting from oxidation. However, it is still not clear in the different mechanisms and effects between insulating oxide materials and oxide semiconductor materials as passivation layers. Here, we compare the passivation effects, the photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties, and the corresponding mechanisms between the HfO2/nanoporous-Si and the TiO2/nanoporous-Si by I–V curves, Motte-schottky (MS) curves, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Although the saturated photocurrent densities of the TiO2/nanoporous Si are lower than that of the HfO2/nanoporous Si, the former is more stable than the later.
Zinc oxide nanorods functionalized paper for protein preconcentration in biodiagnostics
Authors: Tiwari Sadhana , Vinchurkar Madhuri , Rao V. Ramgopal , Garnier Gil 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDistinguishing a specific biomarker from a biofluid sample containing a large variety of proteins often requires the selective preconcentration of that particular biomarker to a detectable level for analysis. Low-cost, paper-based device is an emerging opportunity in diagnostics. In the present study, we report a novel Zinc oxide nanorods functionalized paper platform for the preconcentration of Myoglobin, a cardiac biomarker. Zinc oxide nanorods were grown on a Whatman filter paper no. 1 via the standard hydrothermal route. The growth of Zinc oxide nanorods on paper was confirmed by a combination of techniques consisting of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS,) scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. The Zinc oxide nanorods modified Whatman filter paper (ZnO-NRs/WFP) was further tested for use as a protein preconcentrator. Paper-based ELISA was performed for determination of pre-concentration of cardiac marker protein Myoglobin using the new ZnO-NRs/WFP platform. The ZnO-NRs/WFP could efficiently capture the biomarker even from a very dilute solution (Myoglobin < 50 nM). Our ELISA results show a threefold enhancement in protein capture with ZnO-NRs/WFP compared to unmodified Whatman filter paper, allowing accurate protein analysis and showing the diagnostic concept.
Electrodeposited nanoscale zinc oxide particles: facilitating the electron transfer of immobilised protein and biosensing
Authors: Bayandori Moghaddam Abdolmajid 
Published: March 2017

The electron transfer of redox‐active sites of immobilised haemoglobin (Hb) has been studied by voltammetric experiments. The electrode surface was modified by nanoparticles (NPs) to make a suitable substrate for electric wiring of protein molecules and efficient electron transferring. Hence, the Hb/zinc oxide NPs/platinum electrode was prepared by chronoamperometric deposition of the NPs and immobilisation of protein molecules. The electrochemical behaviour of the prepared biosensor was quasi‐reversible and showed a pair of redox peaks with a formal potential (E0′) of 214 mV. Additionally, the electron transfer rate constant (ks) of immobilised Hb was about 0.621 s−1. Biocatalytic reduction of hydrogen peroxide was also examined on the prepared biosensor. Result indicated to good sensitivity, wide linear range and low detection limit of 6 μM.
Strong stabilisation properties of humic substance matrixes for silver bionanocomposites
Authors: Khutsishvili Spartak S. , Vakul'skaya Tamara I. , Aleksandrova Galina P. , Sukhov Boris G. 
Published: March 2017

Stability of silver‐containing nanocomposites, synthesised from medicinally promising humic substances, has been studied. The nanocomposites obtained possess aggregative stability and conserve their properties for a long time. All compounds have been investigated by physical and chemical methods including electron paramagnetic resonance, plasmon absorption spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction analysis. It is shown that unlike the composites synthesised from humic substances of deeper decomposition, in natural macromolecular matrixes of nanocomposites formed from mud and shale humic substances both 6–14 nm nanoparticles and silver clusters Agn are generated and stabilised.
Mucosal Thickening Occurs in Contralateral Paranasal Sinuses following Sinonasal Malignancy Treatment
Authors: Maxfield Alice , Chambers Kyle , Sedaghat Ahmad , Lin Derrick , Gray Stacey 
Published: March 2017

Objective To investigate the incidence and degree of contralateral sinus disease following treatment of sinonasal malignancy (SNM) using radiological findings as an outcome measure.
Study Design Retrospective case series.
Setting Tertiary referral academic center.
Participants Patients with SNM treated with surgical and adjuvant radiotherapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy.
Main Outcome Measures Pre- and posttreatment computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans, Lund–Mackay (LM) score, date of diagnosis, chemotherapy, and dosage of radiation therapy (RT).
Results There was a significant difference between pre- and posttreatment LM scores (p < 0.001) of the contralateral paranasal sinuses. There was no statistical significance between the change in pre- and posttreatment LM scores and patient age, gender, chemotherapy, RT dosage, and time lapse between diagnosis and when we performed this study in the univariate and the multivariable analyses.
Conclusions Following treatment of SNM with surgical resection and RT, there was a significant increase in incidence and degree of mucosal thickening of the contralateral sinus by LM grading that persisted after the completion of treatment. This indicates the need for long-term follow-up to monitor for chronic rhinosinusitis as a delayed complication following treatment of SNM.
Smartphone as a Remote Touchpad to Facilitate Visualization of 3D Cerebral Angiograms during Aneurysm Surgery
Authors: Eftekhar Behzad 
Published: March 2017

Background During aneurysm surgery, neurosurgeons may need to look at the cerebral angiograms again to better orient themselves to the aneurysm and also the surrounding vascular anatomy. Simplification of the intraoperative imaging review and reduction of the time interval between the view under the microscope and the angiogram review can theoretically improve orientation.
Objective To describe the use of a smartphone as a remote touchpad to simplify intraoperative visualization of three-dimensional (3D) cerebral angiograms and reduce the time interval between the view under the microscope and the angiogram review.
Methods Anonymized 3D angiograms of the patients in Virtual Reality Modelling Language format are securely uploaded to sketchfab.com, accessible through smartphone Web browsers. A simple software has been developed and made available to facilitate the workflow. The smartphone is connected wirelessly to an external monitor using a Chromecast device and is used intraoperatively as a remote touchpad to view/rotate/zoom the 3D aneurysms angiograms on the external monitor.
Results Implementation of the method is practical and helpful for the surgeon in certain cases. It also helps the operating staff, registrars, and students to orient themselves to the surgical anatomy. I present 10 of the uploaded angiograms published online.
Conclusion The concept and method of using the smartphone as a remote touchpad to improve intraoperative visualization of 3D cerebral angiograms is described. The implementation is practical, using easily available hardware and software, in most neurosurgical centers worldwide. The method and concept have potential for further development.
Discontinued Splenogonadal Fusion and Bilateral Empty Scrotum in an 18-Month-Old Boy
Authors: Abokrecha Ahmed , Almatrfi Ameera 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSplenogonadal fusion is a rare benign congenital anomaly defined as the presence of splenic tissue adherent to gonads. It was first described in 1883 by Bostroem, a German pathologist. We present a case of an 18-month-old boy who was referred as a case of bilateral empty scrotum since birth. During routine laparoscopic exploration, right vas deferens and testicular vessels were entering the right internal inguinal ring so right inguinal exploration was done, which revealed blind ending vas deferens and testicular vessels and the left testis was found intra-abdominally near the left internal ring with a mass on its upper pole. Wedge biopsy was taken from the upper pole of the testicle (site of the mass) for tissue diagnosis followed by orchidopexy. Histology showed splenic tissue. Although splenogonadal fusion is a rare condition, surgeons should be aware of this rare disease entity to avoid unnecessary aggressive interventions such as orchiectomy.
Mini-Craniotomy under Local Anesthesia to Treat Acute Subdural Hematoma in Deteriorating Elderly Patients
Authors: Di Rienzo Alessandro , Alvaro Lorenzo , Colasanti Roberto , Somma Lucia , Nocchi Niccolo , Gladi Maurizio , Scerrati Massimo , Iacoangeli Maurizio 
Published: March 2017

Background and Study Aims Surgical treatment for acute subdural hematomas (ASDHs) in elderly patients is still considered unsatisfactory. Series focusing on the use of conventional craniotomy or decompressive craniectomy in such patients report discouraging results. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score at admission seems to be crucial in the decision-making process. Deteriorating patients with a GCS score between 9 and 11 are those who would benefit most from the surgical treatment. Unfortunately, elderly patients often present other comorbidities that greatly increase the risk of severe complications after major neurosurgical procedures under general anesthesia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of performing a mini-craniotomy under local anesthesia to treat ASDHs in a select group of elderly patients who were somnolent but still breathing autonomously at admission (GCS 9–11).
Material and Methods Twenty-eight elderly patients (age > 75 years) with ASDH and a GCS score at surgery ranging from 9 to 11 were surgically treated under local anesthesia by a single burr-hole mini-craniotomy (transverse diameter 3–5 cm) and hematoma evacuation. At the end of the procedure, an endoscopic inspection of the surgical cavity was performed to look for residual clots that were not visible under direct vision.
Results The median operation time was 65 minutes. Hematoma evacuation was complete in 22 cases, complete consciousness recovery was observed in all patients but one, and reoperation was required for two patients.
Conclusion Historically, elderly patients with ASDH treated with a traditional craniotomy performed under general anesthesia have not had a good prognosis. Our preliminary experience with this less invasive surgical and anesthesiological approach suggests that somnolent but autonomously breathing elderly patients could benefit from this approach, achieving an adequate hematoma evacuation and bypassing the complications related to intubation and artificial respiratory assistance.
Which Bay Leaf is in Your Spice Rack? – A Quality Control Study
Authors: Raman Vijayasankar , Bussmann Rainer , Khan Ikhlas 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe accurate identification of bay leaf in natural products commerce may often be confusing as the name is applied to several different species of aromatic plants. The true “bay leaf”, also known as “bay laurel” or “sweet bay”, is sourced from the tree Laurus nobilis, a native of the Mediterranean region. Nevertheless, the leaves of several other species including Cinnamomum tamala, Litsea glaucescens, Pimenta racemosa, Syzygium polyanthum, and Umbellularia californica are commonly substituted or mistaken for true bay leaves due to their similarity in the leaf morphology, aroma, and flavor. Substitute species are, however, often sold as “bay leaves”. As such, the name “bay leaf” in literature and herbal commerce may refer to any of these botanicals. The odor and flavor of these leaves are, however, not the same as the true bay leaf, and for that reason they should not be used in cooking as a substitute for L. nobilis. Some of the bay leaf substitutes can also cause potential health problems. Therefore, the correct identification of the true bay leaf is important. The present work provides a detailed comparative study of the leaf morphological and anatomical features of L. nobilis and its common surrogates to allow for correct identification.
Clinical Parameters following Multiple Oral Dose Administration of a Standardized Andrographis paniculata Capsule in Healthy Thai Subjects
Authors: Suriyo Tawit , Pholphana Nanthanit , Ungtrakul Teerapat , Rangkadilok Nuchanart , Panomvana Duangchit , Thiantanawat Apinya , Pongpun Wanwisa , Satayavivad Jutamaad 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Andrographis paniculata has been widely used in Scandinavian and Asian counties for the treatment of the common cold, fever, and noninfectious diarrhea. The present study was carried out to investigate the physiological effects of short-term multiple dose administration of a standardized A. paniculata capsule used for treatment of the common cold and uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infections, including blood pressure, electrocardiogram, blood chemistry, hematological profiles, urinalysis, and blood coagulation in healthy Thai subjects. Twenty healthy subjects (10 males and 10 females) received 12 capsules per day orally of 4.2 g of a standardized A. paniculata crude powder (4 capsules of 1.4 g of A. paniculata, 3 times per day, 8 h intervals) for 3 consecutive days. The results showed that all of the measured clinical parameters were found to be within normal ranges for a healthy person. However, modulation of some parameters was observed after the third day of treatment, for example, inductions of white blood cells and absolute neutrophil count in the blood, a reduction of plasma alkaline phosphatase, and an induction of urine pH. A rapid and transient reduction in blood pressure was observed at 30 min after capsule administration, resulting in a significant reduction of mean systolic blood pressure. There were no serious adverse events observed in the subjects during the treatment period. In conclusion, this study suggests that multiple oral dosing of A. paniculata at the normal therapeutic dose for the common cold and uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infections modulates various clinical parameters within normal ranges for a healthy person.
Structure of human IFIT1 with capped RNA reveals adaptable mRNA binding and mechanisms for sensing N1 and N2 ribose 2′-O methylations
Authors: Abbas Yazan M. , Laudenbach Beatrice Theres , Martínez-Montero Saúl , Cencic Regina , Habjan Matthias , Pichlmair Andreas , Damha Masad J. , Pelletier Jerry , Nagar Bhushan 
Published: March 2017

Significance
IFIT1 is an antiviral effector of host innate-immunity that selectively recognizes the 5′-end of viral mRNAs, which are often capped to mimic host mRNA, and blocks their translation. Our X-ray structural analysis reveals that the cap and four additional nucleotides are encircled by IFIT1 through a central tunnel in an adaptable manner, which gives it the flexibility required to defend against many different viruses, and to deter their ability to rapidly evolve. Host mRNA, normally ribose methylated at the first and second nucleotides following the cap, avoids IFIT1 recognition through tight complementary interfaces at these positions. This study uncovers the molecular basis for how IFIT1 selectively recognizes viral mRNAs and will help guide development of viral vaccines and mRNA therapeutics.
Shrinking instability of toroidal droplets
Authors: Fragkopoulos Alexandros A. , Pairam Ekapop , Berger Eric , Segre Phil N. , Fernández-Nieves Alberto 
Published: March 2017

Significance
Liquid doughnuts or tori exhibit an inherent instability consisting in the shrinking of their “hole.” For sufficiently thick tori, this behavior is the only route for the torus to become spherical and thus minimize the area for a given volume. Of note, this shrinking instability is not completely understood. In this work, we experimentally determine the flow field of toroidal droplets as they shrink and account for our observations by solving the relevant equations of motion in toroidal coordinates. We find that four modes, out of the many possible ones, are needed to successfully account for all of the relevant features in the experiment. These results highlight the rich fluid mechanics that results in the presence of interfaces with nonconstant mean curvature.
Quantifying pigment cover to assess variation in animal colouration
Authors: Siegenthaler Andjin , Mondal Debapriya , Benvenuto Chiara 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The study of animal colouration addresses fundamental and applied aspects relevant to a wide range of fields, including behavioural ecology, environmental adaptation and visual ecology. Although a variety of methods are available to measure animal colours, only few focus on chromatophores (specialized cells containing pigments) and pigment migration. Here, we illustrate a freely available and user-friendly method to quantify pigment cover (PiC) with high precision and low effort using digital images, where the foreground (i.e. pigments in chromatophores) can be detected and separated from the background. Images of the brown shrimp, Crangon crangon, were used to compare PiC with the traditional Chromatophore Index (CI). Results indicate that PiC outcompetes CI for pigment detection and transparency measures in terms of speed, accuracy and precision. The proposed methodology provides researchers with a useful tool to answer essential physiological, behavioural and evolutionary questions on animal colouration in a wide range of species.