bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy analysis of standalone hybrid active solar room heating system
Authors: Shrivastava Amit , Gaur M. K. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn winter, offices use heat pumps, electric heaters, and blowers to stay warm, but these use traditional energy that is not sustainable or eco‐friendly. To meet the requirements of thermal comfort, an environmentally friendly and self‐sustainable system was developed at Madhav Institute of Technology and Science in Gwalior, India. This system includes a heat exchanger, a flat plate collector, an evacuated tube collector, and a pump. Two versions of the system were tested: one with a heat exchanger and an evacuated tube collector (HEWETC) and another with a heat exchanger and a flat plate collector (HEWFPC). The results showed that the HEWETC system is better at heating the room and has higher efficiency compared to the HEWFPC system. The HEWFPC system is 12% efficient, while the HEWETC system is 21% efficient. The room stayed at a constant temperature of 26.3°C all day. The HEWETC and HEWFPC systems provided 0.46 and 0.55 MJ of heat to the room, respectively. During the heating season, the solar heat collected was 8030.38 kWh, and electricity used was 5229.7 kWh. The HEWETC system proved to be effective and suitable for heating the building.
An air‐cooled cylindrical Li‐ion 5 × 5 battery module with a novel flow‐diverting arrangement and variable vent positions for electric vehicles: A numerical thermal analysis
Authors: Suryavanshi Shweta , Ghanegaonkar P. M. , Wankhede Sagar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThermal management of lithium‐ion batteries has received a lot of interest in the automobile sector. In commercial electric motor vehicles, an efficient battery cooling arrangement, particularly active cooling approaches, has been chosen as an ideal option. When building battery cooling systems, the physical structure and arrangement of the battery pack (BP) are vital. The current study presents a revolutionary design of a BP that incorporates cylindrical cells in a square duct and an air‐cooling (AC) medium circulated in its surroundings with the help of variable vents for inlet and outlet. A forced‐AC system is used to test lithium‐ion battery cells grouped in a 5 × 5 configured battery module. To investigate the impact of heat generation on battery thermal performance, a complete thermal analysis was performed at different discharge rates of 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4 C. As compared with both inlet vents at an equidistance configuration with an inlet velocity of 12 m/s and a flow rate of 1.210(−2) kg/s, the results show that the proposed design minimizes heat accumulation by enhancing the heat transfer. As a result, the peak temperature and temperature disparity decreased by 6.76% and 85.32%, respectively. A flow‐dispersing disc of 30 mm in size enhances temperature uniformity in comparison to the other intake vent design, hence improving battery safety and longevity.
Analysis of transient heat conduction in tubes under convective boundary conditions
Authors: Camaraza‐Medina Yanan , Hernandez‐Guerrero Abel , Luviano‐Ortiz Jose L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this work, six analytical solutions are given to estimate the energy exchange by transient conduction in pipes with convection conditions. The developed models were adjusted for an interval from 0.2 to 0.8, dimensionless Fourier (Fo) and Biot (Bi) numbers, from 0.05 to 50 and 0.005 to 50, respectively. In each case, 616 tests of temperature distributions were computed using the Heisler approximate method (HAM) and the exact models proposed, for different combinations of . For the comparison made between the analytical solutions and the HAM, 3696 tests were used, detecting that the HAM correlates with the analytical method with an average deviation of and for 71.2%, and 90.4% of the different values of combinations evaluated. The best fit was found for Case 5, with a mean deviation of and for 81.1% and 92.3% of the data used, respectively, while the weaker fit was detected for Case 2, with a mean deviation of and for 67.9% and 88.2% of the available tests.
Reduction Accelerated Adaptive Step‐Size FISTA Based Smooth‐Lasso Regularization for Fluorescence Molecular Tomography Reconstruction
Authors: Luo Xiaoli , Jiao Renhao , Ma Tao , Liu Yunjie , Gao Zhu , Shen Xiuhong , Ren Qianqian , Zhang Heng , He Xiaowei 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a reduced accelerated adaptive fast iterative shrinkage threshold algorithm based on Smooth‐Lasso regularization (SL‐RAFISTA‐BB) is proposed for fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) 3D reconstruction. This method uses the Smooth‐Lasso regularization to fuse the group sparse prior information which can balance the relationship between the sparsity and smoothness of the solution, simplifying the process of calculation. In particular, the convergence speed of the FISTA is improved by introducing a reduction strategy and Barzilai‐Borwein variable step size factor, and constructing a continuation strategy to reduce computing costs and the number of iterations. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm not only accelerates the convergence speed of the iterative algorithm, but also improves the positioning accuracy of the tumor target, alleviates the over‐sparse or over‐smooth phenomenon of the reconstructed target, and clearly outlines the boundary information of the tumor target. We hope that this method can promote the development of optical molecular tomography.
Telehealth general case parent training for children at risk for autism
Authors: Shingleton‐Smith Claire , Koudys Julie , Azzano Alicia , Feldman Maurice 
Published: September 2024

AbstractParent‐mediated interventions for infants and young children with an increased likelihood of autism may help ameliorate developmental concerns; however, generalization of parents' teaching strategies to novel child target skills has not been consistently demonstrated. This study expanded our parent training program, Parent Intervention for Children at‐Risk for Autism (PICARA), by incorporating telehealth general case training (PICARA‐TGCT) to promote generalization of teaching skills. Five parent–child dyads participated. Child target skills were chosen from the categories of imitation, receptive language, and expressive language. A concurrent multiple‐baseline‐across‐participants design was used to evaluate the effect of training across two cohorts of parent–child dyads. Dependent variables included the percentage of correct parent teaching skills and the percentage of child correct responses. Parent teaching skills increased across all participants for both trained and untrained child target skills, as did child skills. This study provides support for PICARA‐TGCT as an efficacious and efficient early intervention model.
Temporal changes in tibiofemoral relationship following anterior cruciate ligament injury: Implications for rotational dynamics and clinical outcomes
Authors: Okimura Shinichiro , Suzuki Tomoyuki , Ikeda Yasutoshi , Shiwaku Kousuke , Hamaoka Kodai , Horita Kazushi , Teramoto Atsushi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to elucidate changes in the tibiofemoral relationship over time following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, and investigate the correlation between the tibiofemoral relationship and patient‐related outcome measures (PROMs).MethodsOverall, 203 primary ACL reconstructions were performed using autologous hamstring grafts. Medial and lateral anterior tibial translation (ATT) in the sagittal plane and tibial tubercle‐trochlear groove (TT‐TG) distance in the axial plane were measured using pre‐operative magnetic resonance imaging and post‐operative computed tomography. The difference between pre‐operative and post‐operative values for each parameter was calculated: ΔMesdial ATT, ΔLateral ATT and ΔTT‐TG distance. The correlation between each calculated value and the time elapsed since ACL injury, and the correlation between each calculated value and PROMs—evaluated using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)—were assessed.ResultsSixty‐four patients were enroled. Medial ATT, lateral ATT and TT‐TG distance were significantly different pre‐operatively compared to post‐operative values, with the tibia translating anteriorly and rotating internally relative to the femur. ΔMedial ATT, ΔLateral ATT and ΔTT‐TG distance were 1.6, 8.8 and −4.8 mm, respectively. A negative correlation was observed between the ΔTT‐TG distance and the time elapsed since the injury (r = −0.44, p < 0.01). No correlation was found between ΔMedial ATT and the time elapsed since the injury, nor between ΔLateral ATT and the time elapsed since the injury. Neither the ΔMedial ATT, ΔLateral ATT, nor ΔTT‐TG distance correlated with the pre‐operative or post‐operative KOOS subscale scores.ConclusionsThe tibia underwent internal rotation relative to the femur over time following ACL injury, highlighting the importance of assessing rotational changes in ACL‐injured knees.Level of EvidenceLevel Ⅲ.
Empagliflozin add‐on therapy is superior to metformin monotherapy in diabetic patients with NAFLD: An open‐label, single‐center, pilot clinical trial
Authors: Esmaeili Ayda , Pourahmad Azar Reza , Mohammad Hosseiniazar Mohammadreza , Hooshmand Gharabagh Laya 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is characterized by hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and advanced fibrosis, is high among type‐2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Empagliflozin (EMPA), a sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitor, has been well established to improve glycemic status in T2DM. However, evidence of the desirable effects of EMPA, when added to the standard treatment in diabetics with coexisting NAFLD, has yet to be determined.ObjectiveThe main objective of the current study is to explore the benefits of EMPA on hepatic fat content in patients with T2DM and NAFLD, who received metformin (MET) monotherapy.MethodsIn this open‐label clinical trial study, 60 patients with T2DM and NAFLD were assigned to either the MET + EMPA or MET group in an up‐titrated manner for 24 weeks. Anthropometric characteristics, blood glucose indices, lipid profile, liver enzymes, and steatosis grades were measured at baseline and 24 weeks after the intervention.ResultsThe results showed that in patients with a mean age of 53.26 ± 7.64 who received MET+ EMPA, all the parameters had a greater decrease than the MET group. In addition, the reduction of FBS, BS, HbA1C, TG, and ALT had a statistically significant difference between the two groups after 24 weeks follow‐up (p < 0.05). Notably, in the MET+ EMPA group, there was a substantial improvement in steatosis grades based on the fibroscan and ultrasound modality results.ConclusionThe EMPA add‐on therapeutic schedule in uncontrolled T2DM patients with NAFLD significantly ameliorated steatosis stages, liver function, anthropometric features, and biochemical parameters.
Determinants of polydoctoring among multimorbid older adults; a cross‐sectional study in an urban area of Japan
Authors: Ando Takayuki , Sasaki Takashi , Abe Yukiko , Nishimoto Yoshinori , Hirata Takumi , Haruta Junji , Arai Yasumichi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundMultimorbidity increases with age, leading to various adverse outcomes, including higher mortality, care dependency, hospitalizations, and healthcare costs. Polydoctoring, managing a patient with multimorbidity by multiple healthcare providers, can be a risk of fragmented care and increased healthcare expenditures. This study aims to identify patient‐related factors contributing to polydoctoring in older adults with multimorbidity.MethodsThis study is a cross‐sectional study using baseline data from the Kawasaki Aging and Wellbeing Project. Participants were residents of Kawasaki City aged 85–89 years, without disability in basic activities of daily living, and being able to visit study site. The regularly visited facilities (RVF) index was employed to quantify polydoctoring. Polydoctoring was defined as having two or more RVFs. Poisson regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between polydoctoring and patient demographics, including types of chronic conditions and socioeconomic factors.ResultsA total of, 968 participants with multimorbidity were analyzed. Increased RVF was significantly associated with eye diseases (rate ratio [RR] 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12–1.44), osteoporosis (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.08–1.38), prostate diseases (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.07–1.40), and osteoarthritis (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.05–1.27). No significant correlation was found with educational status or financial hardship.ConclusionThe study indicated that certain chronic conditions are linked to increased polydoctoring among multimorbid older adults in Japan. However, most of those conditions are considered to be within a scope of family medicine/general practice. Training general practitioners to manage these conditions could reduce healthcare costs and the treatment burden, indicating a direction for future healthcare policy and medical education.
Reconstructive evolutionary morphology: Tracing the historical process of modifications of complex systems driven by natural selection through changing ecological conditions
Authors: Homberger Dominique G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThere is general consensus among evolutionary biologists that natural selection drives phenotypic modifications within populations over generational time. How to reconstruct this historical process, however, has been discussed mostly in theoretical terms, and recommendations and explanations on how to translate such theoretical insights into practice are needed. The present study aims at providing a theory‐supported practical guide on how to reconstruct historical evolutionary processes by applying a morphology‐centered approach through a series of interdependent steps of descriptive morphology, functional analysis, ecological observation, integration of paleoecological data, and evolutionary synthesis. Special attention is given to the development of tests regarding the accuracy, closeness to reality, and plausibility of the hypotheses at every level of the reconstructive process. This morphology‐centered approach had its beginnings in the wake of the evolutionary synthesis and is part of the scientifically necessary process of reciprocal testing of hypotheses generated by different methods and data for the reconstruction of evolutionary history.
Antibody responses to common viruses according to COVID‐19 severity and postacute sequelae of COVID‐19
Authors: Karachaliou Marianna , Ranzani Otavio , Espinosa Ana , Iraola‐Guzmán Susana , Castaño‐Vinyals Gemma , Vidal Marta , Jiménez Alfons , Bañuls Marc , Nogués Eva Alonso , Aguilar Ruth , Garcia‐Aymerich Judith , de Cid Rafael , Dobaño Carlota , Moncunill Gemma , Kogevinas Manolis 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLimited research suggests that certain viruses reactivate in severe‐acute‐respiratory‐syndrome‐coronavirus 2 infection, contributing to the development of postacute sequelae of COVID‐19 (PASC). We examined 1083 infected individuals from a population‐based cohort, and assessed differences in plasma immunoglobulin (Ig)G and immunoglobulin A levels against Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus, varicella zoster virus (VZV), BK polyomavirus, KI polyomavirus, WU polyomavirus (WUPyV), respiratory syncytial virus, and Adv‐36 according to the severity of previous COVID‐19 and PASC history. Individuals who had experienced severe COVID‐19 had higher antibody responses to latent viruses. Ever PASC, active persistent PASC, and PASC with neuropsychiatric symptoms were associated with higher immnoglobulin G to EBV early antigen‐diffuse, VZV, and WUPyV even among individuals without previous severe COVID‐19.
The association between erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum and pediatric inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Yousif Miranda L. , Ritchey Andrew , Mirea Lucia , Patel Ashish S. , Price Harper , O'Haver Judith , Rudo‐Stern Jenna , Montoya Lili , Gonzalez‐ Llanos Lucia , Smith Jamie , Zeblisky Kathy , Pasternak Brad 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe objectives of this study is to estimate rates and identify factors associated with erythema nodosum (EN) and pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).MethodsThis cohort study examined longitudinal visits of patients aged ≤ 21 years from the ImproveCareNow (ICN) registry. We evaluated the association of factors at the patient‐level (demographics and IBD diagnosis age) and visit‐level (IBD severity scores, markers and phenotypes, comorbidities, and treatment) with the presence of EN and PG, using longitudinal logistic regression models adjusted for time and within‐patient clustering.ResultsA total of 285,913 visits from 32,497 patients aged ≤ 21 years from the ICN registry were analyzed. The occurrence of EN was 1.57% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.43%–1.71%) and the occurrence of PG was 0.90% (95% CI: 0.80%–1.00%). Co‐occurrence of EN and PG was reported in 0.30% (95% CI: 0.25%–0.37%) patients. Both EN and PG were associated (p < 0.0001) with worse intestinal disease, lower remission, higher inflammatory markers, and extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) arthritis and uveitis.ConclusionsEN and PG were associated with increased disease severity and other noncutaneous EIMs (arthritis and uveitis). A small subset of patients had developed both EN and PG.
Lactobacillus johnsonii colonizing in mice intestine contributes to control the gut barrier function via regeneration of the crypt in DSS‐treated mice
Authors: Bai Yuying , Lyu Mengying , Satoh Takashi , Orihara Kanami , Miyanaga Kazuhiko , Adachi Takahiro , Yamamoto Naoyuki 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundUnbalanced gut microbiota is considered to cause dysfunction of the gut barrier function. Lactobacillus johnsonii MG, isolated from mouse feces as gut associating lactobacilli, enhanced gut barrier function in Caco‐2 cells via interaction with JAM‐2 in tight junctions. In this study, the anti‐inflammatory effects of L. johnsonii MG were investigated in a colitis mouse model developed by treating mice with 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 9 days.ResultsMG treatment of colitis mice resulted in fast recovery of the body weight and showed significant improvement in the disease activity index and histopathological scores. The histomorphological score increased by DSS treatment was significantly improved in the MG‐treated group. In the intestine, the expression of Ocln, Zo1, Itga6, Lama3, and Jam2 genes, which are involved in tight junction functions, were significantly upregulated in MG‐treated colitis mice. In the microflora analysis, the abundance of Ruminococcaceae, Bacteroides, and Lachnospiraceae were reduced in DSS‐treated mice and recovered by MG treatment.ConclusionWe reported the potential of L. johnsonii MG in the regeneration of crypts and integrity of matrix proteins in the gut of mice with colitis through its association with tight junctions. The experimental results provide new insights into the probiotic effect of tight junction associating L. johnsonii MG.
Allelopathic effects of Borreria latifolia on weed germination and identification of allelochemicals
Authors: Zhang Tai‐Jie , Guo Wenlei , Tian Xingshan , Lv Yin‐Zhi , Feng Kai‐Fan , Zhang Chun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDBorreria latifolia (Aubl.) K. Schum (Rubiaceae) is an annual weed with a strong allelopathic inhibitory effect on malignant weeds in orchards in southern China. This study was carried out to investigate its allelopathic potential and to identify allelochemicals present in B. latifolia.RESULTSAqueous extracts of B. latifolia inhibited the germination and radicle growth of Eleusine indica and the radicle growth of Bidens alba in a dose‐dependent manner. However, only the high‐concentration treatment at 50 mg mL−1 delayed the germination of B. alba and Digitaria sanguinalis. Among the root, stem, and leaf aqueous extracts of B. latifolia, the leaf extract had the strongest inhibitory effects on the germination and seedling growth of E. indica, followed by stem extract and then root extract. A total of 47 published allelochemicals, including coumarin, 4‐hydroxybenzoate, salicylic acid, 4‐hydroxycinnamic acid, and vanillic acid, were identified in the leaf extract. Among the five allelochemicals, coumarin was found to be present in the highest concentration in the leaf extract. Furthermore, coumarin exhibited a significantly greater inhibitory effect on E. indica (EC50 = 36.87 mg L−1) than did the other allelochemicals (EC50 = 100.87–156.30 mg L−1).CONCLUSIONThis study indicates that the leaf extracts of B. latifolia and their allelochemicals have excellent potential as bioherbicides and that coumarin is one of the key allelochemicals in B. latifolia. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Excellent results of restricted kinematic alignment total knee arthroplasty at a minimum of 10 years of follow‐up
Authors: Morcos Mina W. , Beckers Gautier , Salvi Andrea Giordano , Bennani Mourad , Massé Vincent , Vendittoli Pascal‐André 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeWhile restricted kinematic alignment (rKA) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with cemented implants has been shown to provide a similar survivorship rate to mechanical alignment (MA) in the short term, no studies have reported on the long‐term survivorship and function.MethodsOne hundred four consecutive cemented cruciate retaining TKAs implanted using computer navigation and following the rKA principles proposed by Vendittoli were reviewed at a minimum of 10 years after surgery. Implant revisions, reoperations and clinical outcomes were assessed using knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS), forgotten joint score (FJS), patients' satisfaction and joint perception questionnaires. Radiographs were analyzed to identify signs of osteolysis and implant loosening.ResultsImplant survivorship was 99.0% at a mean follow‐up of 11.3 years (range: 10.3–12.9) with one early revision for instability. Patients perceived their TKA as natural or artificial without limitation in 50.0% of cases, and 95.3% were satisfied or very satisfied with their TKA. The mean FJS was 67.6 (range: 0–100). The mean KOOS were as follows: pain 84.7 (range: 38–100), symptoms 85.5 (range: 46–100), function in daily activities 82.6 (range: 40–100), function in sport and recreation 35.2 (range: 0–100) and quality of life 79.1 (range: 0–100). No radiological evidence of implant aseptic loosening or osteolysis was identified.ConclusionCemented TKA implanted with the rKA alignment protocol demonstrated excellent long‐term implant survivorship and is a safe alternative to MA to improve patient function and satisfaction.Level of EvidenceLevel IV, continuous case series with no comparison group.