bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Free‐Standing Phytantriol Q224 Cubic‐Phase Films: Resistivity Monitoring and Switching
Authors: Brown Rosemary , Madrid Elena , Castaing Remi , Stone James M. , Squires Adam M. , Edler Karen J. , Takashina Kei , Marken Frank 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPhytantriol Q224 cubic phase, as a bicontinuous meso‐structured material stable in contact with aqueous electrolyte, has found applications in drug delivery and cosmetics and is employed here as a free‐standing film separating two aqueous compartments in order to study i) ion conductivity (at low potential bias within ±0.8 V), ii) conductivity switching effects (at high potential bias beyond ±0.8 V), and iii) phase switching effects (as a function of temperature). A microhole of approximately 20 μm diameter in a 6 μm thick poly‐ethylene‐terephthalate film is employed as the support coated with phytantriol (on a single side or on both sides) in contact with aqueous electrolyte phase on both sides in a classic four‐electrode measurement cell. The conductivity of the phytantriol phase within the microhole is shown to be ionic strength, applied potential, time/history, and temperature dependent. The experimental data for asymmetric phytantriol deposits are indicative of a microhole resistance that can be switched between two states (high and low resistance associated with a filled or empty microhole, respectively). When heating symmetrically applied films of phytantriol, Q224‐to‐HII phase transition linked to a jump to a higher specific resistivity is observed, which is consistent with differential scanning calorimetry data for this phase transition.
Fe and N Co‐doped Carbons Derived from an Ionic Liquid as Active Bifunctional Oxygen Catalysts
Authors: Xu Jun , Shi Liang , Liang Cong , Wu Hui , Lei Jiaheng , Liu Dan , Qu Deyu , Xie Zhizhong , Li Junsheng , Tang Haolin 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA high‐performance electrocatalyst that could effectively catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is required in important energy conversion devices such as metal–air batteries. Herein, we report the template‐free synthesis of a Fe and N co‐doped carbon catalyst, using a novel ionic liquid as the precursor. The Fe−N−C catalyst prepared at 800 °C exhibits comparable ORR performance but significantly improved OER activity compared to the commercial Pt/C catalyst as well as good stability. We demonstrate that the excellent performance of the catalyst is caused by its high heteroatom content, large surface area, and high degree of graphitization.
Synthesis of Unique Flowerlike Bi2O2(OH)(NO3) Hierarchical Microstructures with High Surface Area and Superior Photocatalytic Performance
Authors: Han Qiaofeng , Pang Jiawei , Wang Xin , Wu Xiaodong , Zhu Junwu 
Published: February 2017

AbstractUnique flowerlike Bi2O2(OH)(NO3) (denoted as BION) hierarchical microstructures assembled by ultrathin nanosheets were hydrothermally synthesized from incomplete hydrolysis of anhydrous bismuth nitrate (Bi(NO3)3) after adsorption of glacial acetic acid (HAc). The structure, composition, and optical properties of the products were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV/Vis spectroscopy, etc. The as‐prepared flowerlike BION possessed an ultra‐high surface area and thus exhibited exceptional photocatalytic activity for rhodamine B (RhB) degradation under UV light irradiation with an efficiency of about 17; 6 and 2.5 times higher than spherical, aggregated sheet‐like BION and P25 TiO2, respectively, and also superior to the reported sheet‐like BION. It also showed good photocatalytic activity for crystal violet (CV) degradation. This work opens new routes for the rational design and synthesis of nontoxic basic bismuth nitrates with a facile synthetic approach, controllable morphology, and excellent photoreactivity.
A Stable Aminyl Radical Coordinated to Cobalt
Authors: Rodríguez‐Lugo Rafael E. , de Bruin Bas , Trincado Monica , Grützmacher Hansjörg 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA family of cobalt complexes bearing the trop2NH [bis(5‐H‐dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten‐5‐yl)‐amine] and 2,2’‐bpy (2,2’‐bipyridine) chelate ligands were prepared and fully characterized. The compounds [Co(trop2N)(bpy)], [Co(trop2NH)(bpy)]+, and [Co(trop2N)(bpy)]+ are cobalt complexes interrelated by one‐electron redox processes and/or proton transfer. Two limiting resonance structures can be used to describe the paramagnetic complex [Co(trop2N)(bpy)]+: [CoII(trop2N−)(bpy)]+ (CoII amido) and [CoI(trop2N⋅)(bpy)]+ (CoI‐aminyl radical). Structural data, DFT calculations, and reactivity toward H‐abstraction indicate a slightly higher contribution of the aminyl radical form to the ground state of [Co(trop2N)(bpy)]+. The results described here complete the series of Group 9 metal aminyl radical complexes bearing the diolefin amine ligand trop2NH.
Site‐Selective Labeling of Native Proteins by a Multicomponent Approach
Authors: Chilamari Maheshwerreddy , Purushottam Landa , Rai Vishal 
Published: February 2017

AbstractChemical functionalization of proteins is an indispensable tool. Yet, selective labeling of native proteins has been an arduous task. The limited success of chemical methods allows N‐terminus protein labeling, but the examples with side‐chain residues are rare. Herein, we surpass this challenge through a multicomponent transformation that operates under physiological conditions in the presence of a protein, aldehyde, acetylene, and Cu‐ligand complex. The methodology results in the labeling of a single lysine residue in nine distinct proteins.
Role of the Diamagnetic Zinc(II) Ion in Determining the Electronic Structure of Lanthanide Single‐Ion Magnets
Authors: Upadhyay Apoorva , Das Chinmoy , Vaidya Shefali , Singh Saurabh Kumar , Gupta Tulika , Mondol Ranajit , Langley Stuart K. , Murray Keith S. , Rajaraman Gopalan , Shanmugam Maheswaran 
Published: February 2017

AbstractFour complexes containing DyIII and PrIII ions and their LnIII–ZnII analogs have been synthesized in order to study the influence that a diamagnetic ZnII ion has on the electronic structure and hence, the magnetic properties of the DyIII and PrIII single ions. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction revealed the molecular structures as [DyIII(HL)2(NO3)3] (1), [PrIII(HL)2(NO3)3] (2), [ZnIIDyIII(L)2(CH3CO2)(NO3)2] (3) and [ZnII2PrIII(L)2(CH3CO2)4(NO3)] (4) (where HL=2‐methoxy‐6‐[(E)‐phenyliminomethyl]phenol). The dc and ac magnetic data were collected for all four complexes. Compounds 1 and 3 display frequency dependent out‐of‐phase susceptibility signals (χM“), which is a characteristic signature for a single‐molecule magnet (SMM). Although 1 and 3 are chemically similar, a fivefold increase in the anisotropic barrier (Ueff) is observed experimentally for 3 (83 cm−1), compared to 1 (16 cm−1). To rationalize the larger anisotropic barrier (1 vs. 3), detailed ab initio calculations were performed. Although the ground state Kramer's doublet in both 1 and 3 are axial in nature (gzz=19.443 for 1 and 18.82 for 3), a significant difference in the energy gap (Ueff) between the ground and first excited Kramer's doublet is calculated. This energy gap is governed by the electrostatic repulsion between the DyIII ion and the additional charge density found for the phenoxo bridging ligand in 3. This extra charge density was found to be a consequence of the presence of the diamagnetic ZnII ion present in the complex. To explore the influence of diamagnetic ions on the magnetic properties further, previously reported and structurally related Zn–DyIII complexes were analyzed. These structurally analogous complexes unambiguously suggest that the electrostatic repulsion is found to be maximal when the Zn‐O‐Dy‐O dihedral angle is small, which is an ideal condition to maximize the anisotropic barrier in DyIII complexes.
Intermolecular Redox‐Neutral Amine C−H Functionalization Induced by the Strong Boron Lewis Acid B(C6F5)3 in the Frustrated Lewis Pair Regime
Authors: Chen Guo‐Qiang , Kehr Gerald , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Bursch Markus , Grimme Stefan , Erker Gerhard 
Published: February 2017

AbstractN,N‐Dimethylmesitylamine undergoes an intermolecular redox‐neutral C−H activation/C−C coupling process upon treatment with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate and the strong boron Lewis acid B(C6F5)3. Similarly, N,N‐dimethylmesitylamine reacts with two molar equivalents of ethyl acrylate to give the respective unsaturated coupling product with H2 transfer to the acrylic ester to form the ethyl propionate/B(C6F5)3 adduct. N,N‐Dimethylmesitylamine also undergoes a C−H activation at the benzylic ortho sp3‐carbon atom with dihydrogen formation upon treatment with Piers’ borane [HB(C6F5)2]. The last two reactions of N,N‐dimethylmesitylamine were analyzed by DFT calculations.
Iron‐Catalyzed C−H Alkynylation through Triazole Assistance: Expedient Access to Bioactive Heterocycles
Authors: Cera Gianpiero , Haven Tobias , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTriazole assistance enabled the first iron‐catalyzed C−H alkynylation of arenes, heteroarenes, and alkenes. The modular TAM directing group set the stage for a sequential C−H alkynylation/annulation strategy with ample scope, enabling the iron‐catalyzed assembly of isoquinolones, pyridones, pyrrolones, and isoindolinones with high levels of chemo‐, site‐, and regioselectivity.
In vivo expression of Nurr1/Nr4a2a in developing retinal amacrine subtypes in zebrafish Tg(nr4a2a:eGFP) transgenics
Authors: Goodings Liana , He Jie , Wood Alasdair J. , Harris William A. , Currie Peter D. , Jusuf Patricia R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2 (Nr4a2) is crucial for the formation or maintenance of dopaminergic neurons in the central nervous system including the retina, where dopaminergic amacrine cells contribute to visual function. Little is known about which cells express Nr4a2 at which developmental stage. Furthermore, whether Nr4a2 functions in combination with other genes is poorly understood. Thus, we generated a novel transgenic to visualize Nr4a2 expression in vivo during zebrafish retinogenesis. A 4.1 kb fragment of the nr4a2a promoter was used to drive green fluorescent protein expression in this Tg(nr4a2a:eGFP) line. In situ hybridization showed that transgene expression follows endogenous RNA expression at a cellular level. Temporal expression and lineages were quantified using in vivo time‐lapse imaging in embryos. Nr4a2 expressing retinal subtypes were characterized immunohistochemically. Nr4a2a:eGFP labeled multiple neuron subtypes including 24.5% of all amacrine interneurons. Nr4a2a:eGFP labels all tyrosine hydroxylase labeled dopaminergic amacrine cells, and other nondopaminergic GABAergic amacrine populations. Nr4a2a:eGFP is confined to a specific progenitor lineage identified by sequential expression of the bhlh transcription factor Atonal7 (Atoh7) and Pancreas transcription factor 1a (Ptf1a), and labels postmitotic postmigratory amacrine cells. Thus, developmental Nr4a2a expression indicates a role during late differentiation of specific amacrine interneurons. Tg(nr4a2a:eGFP) is an early marker of distinct neurons including dopaminergic amacrine cells. It can be utilized to assess consequences of gene manipulations and understand whether Nr4a2 only carries out its role in the presence of specific coexpressed genes. This will allow Nr4a2 use to be refined for regenerative approaches.
A fault‐tolerant routing strategy for k‐ary n‐direct s‐indirect topologies based on intermediate nodes
Authors: Peñaranda Roberto , Gómez María Engracia , López Pedro , Gunnar Gran Ernst , Skeie Tor 
Published: February 2017

SummaryExascale computing systems are being built with thousands of nodes. The high number of components of these systems significantly increases the probability of failure. A key component for them is the interconnection network. If failures occur in the interconnection network, they may isolate a large fraction of the machine. For this reason, an efficient fault‐tolerant mechanism is needed to keep the system interconnected, even in the presence of faults. A recently proposed topology for these large systems is the hybrid k‐ary n‐direct s‐indirect family that provides optimal performance and connectivity at a reduced hardware cost. This paper presents a fault‐tolerant routing methodology for the k‐ary n‐direct s‐indirect topology that degrades performance gracefully in presence of faults and tolerates a large number of faults without disabling any healthy computing node. In order to tolerate network failures, the methodology uses a simple mechanism. For any source‐destination pair, if necessary, packets are forwarded to the destination node through a set of intermediate nodes (without being ejected from the network) with the aim of circumventing faults. The evaluation results shows that the proposed methodology tolerates a large number of faults. For instance, it is able to tolerate more than 99.5% of fault combinations when there are 10 faults in a 3‐D network with 1000 nodes using only 1 intermediate node and more than 99.98% if 2 intermediate nodes are used. Furthermore, the methodology offers a gracious performance degradation. As an example, performance degrades only by 1% for a 2‐D network with 1024 nodes and 1% faulty links.
Studying shadow page cache to improve isolated drivers' performance
Authors: Zheng Hao , Zhu Zhengdong , Dong Xiaoshe , Chen Baoke , Liu Chengzhe 
Published: February 2017

SummaryUsing virtualization technology, users can reuse various existing operating systems and drivers to customize their application environments. However, faults that exist in the reused drivers threaten the users' customized environments. Chariot has been proposed to solve this problem. It isolates a driver by monitoring its real‐time performance and examining the correctness of its write operations. To capture the write operations, we found that it needs to keep the write permissions of shadow pages as read‐only, which may cause many page faults in the virtual machine monitor and has adversely affect the driver's performance. To address this, we propose a new algorithm that uses the shadow page cache to remit the page faults, based on the principle of delaying the closing of the write permissions of frequently accessed shadow pages. Experimental results show that using these shadow page caches, we can greatly the performance of isolated drivers without significantly impacting Chariot's isolation efficiency.
Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Stable and Highly Active Ir Oxohydroxides for Electrochemical Oxidation of Water
Authors: Massué Cyriac , Huang Xing , Tarasov Andrey , Ranjan Chinmoy , Cap Sébastien , Schlögl Robert 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWater splitting for hydrogen production in acidic media has been limited by the poor stability of the anodic electrocatalyst devoted to the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). To help circumvent this problem we have synthesized a class of novel Ir oxohydroxides by rapid microwave‐asisted hydrothermal synthesis, which bridges the gap between electrodeposited amorphous IrOx films and crystalline IrO2 electrocatalysts prepared by calcination routes. For electrode loadings two orders of magnitude below current standards, the synthesized compounds present an unrivalled combination of high activity and stability under commercially relevant OER conditions in comparison to reported benchmarks, without need for pretreatment. The best compound achieved a lifetime 33 times longer than the best commercial Ir benchmark. Thus, the reported efficient synthesis of an Ir oxohydroxide phase with superior intrinsic OER performance constitutes a major step towards the targeted design of cost‐efficient Ir based OER electrocatalysts for acidic media.
Catalytic Biodiesel Production Mediated by Amino Acid‐Based Protic Salts
Authors: Li Jingbo , Guo Zheng 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHetero‐ and homogeneous acid catalysts are effective catalysts for the production of biodiesel from oils containing high free fatty acids. The protic salts synthesized from natural amino acids were examined for catalytic activity and efficiency for the esterification of oleic acid after structural identification and characterization. In the esterification reaction of oleic acid with methanol, [Asp][NO3] was the best catalyst, and its high activity correlated to its high Hammett acidity. The optimal reaction conditions for the esterification of oleic acid to achieve 97 % biodiesel yield were: 70 °C, 10 % catalyst loading (w/w, on oleic acid basis), methanol/oleic acid ratio 7.5:1, and 5 h. Generally, [Asp][NO3] could be a good catalyst for the esterification of oleic acid with alcohols with chain lengths of up to six. The biodiesel yield of 93.86 % obtained from palm fatty acid distillate implies that the catalyst has potential for industrial application. A study of the kinetics indicated that the reaction followed pseudo‐first‐order kinetics with an activation energy and pre‐exponential of 57.36 kJ mol−1 and 44.24×105 min−1, respectively. The aspartic acid‐derived protic salt is a promising, operationally simply, sustainable, renewable, and possibly biodegradable catalyst for the conversion of free fatty acids into biodiesel.
Selective Production of 2‐Methylfuran by Gas‐Phase Hydrogenation of Furfural on Copper Incorporated by Complexation in Mesoporous Silica Catalysts
Authors: Jiménez‐Gómez Carmen Pilar , Cecilia Juan A. , Moreno‐Tost Ramón , Maireles‐Torres Pedro 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCopper species have been incorporated in mesoporous silica (MS) through complexation with the amine groups of dodecylamine, which was used as a structure‐directing agent in the synthesis. A series of Cu/SiO2 catalysts (xCu‐MS) with copper loadings (x) from 2.5 to 20 wt % was synthesized and evaluated in the gas‐phase hydrogenation of furfural (FUR). The most suitable catalytic performance in terms of 2‐methylfuran yield was obtained with an intermediate copper content (10 wt %). This 10Cu‐MS catalyst exhibits a 2‐methylfuran yield higher than 95 mol % after 5 h time‐on‐stream (TOS) at a reaction temperature of 210 °C with a H2/FUR molar ratio of 11.5 and a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 1.5 h−1. After 14 h TOS, this catalyst still showed a yield of 80 mol %. In all cases, carbonaceous deposits on the external surface were the cause of the catalyst deactivation, although sintering of the copper particles was observed for higher copper loadings. This intermediate copper loading (10 wt %) offered a suitable balance between resistance to sintering and tendency to form carbonaceous deposits.
Solar Cell Materials by Design: Hybrid Pyroxene Corner‐Sharing VO4 Tetrahedral Chains
Authors: El‐Mellouhi Fedwa , Akande Akinlolu , Motta Carlo , Rashkeev Sergey N. , Berdiyorov Golibjon , Madjet Mohamed El‐Amine , Marzouk Asma , Bentria El Tayeb , Sanvito Stefano , Kais Sabre , Alharbi Fahhad H. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHybrid organic–inorganic frameworks provide numerous combinations of materials with a wide range of structural and electronic properties, which enable their use in various applications. In recent years, some of these hybrid materials—especially lead‐based halide perovskites—have been successfully used for the development of highly efficient solar cells. The large variety of possible hybrid materials has inspired the search for other organic–inorganic frameworks that may exhibit enhanced performance over conventional lead halide perovskites. In this study, a new class of low‐dimensional hybrid oxides for photovoltaic applications was developed by using electronic structure calculations in combination with analysis from existing materials databases, with a focus on vanadium oxide pyroxenes (tetrahedron‐based frameworks), mainly due to their high stability and nontoxicity. Pyroxenes were screened with different cations [A] and detailed computational studies of their structural, electronic, optical and transport properties were performed. Low‐dimensional hybrid vanadate pyroxenes [A]VO3 (with molecular cations [A] and corner‐sharing VO4 tetrahedral chains) were found to satisfy all physical requirements needed to develop an efficient solar cell (a band gap of 1.0–1.7 eV, strong light absorption and good electron‐transport properties).
Morin Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Bladder Cancer EJ Cells via Modulation of Signaling Pathways, Cell Cycle Regulators, and Transcription Factor‐Mediated MMP‐9 Expression
Authors: Shin Seung‐Shick , Won Se Yeon , Noh Dae‐Hwa , Hwang Byungdoo , Kim Wun‐Jae , Moon Sung‐Kwon 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Preclinical Research

Previous studies have shown that morin exerts diverse pharmacological activities. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory activity of morin on bladder cancer EJ cells. Morin significantly inhibited EJ cell proliferation, which was related to the G1‐phase cell cycle arrest together with the reduced expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK2, and CDK4 via increased expression of p21WAF1. Morin also increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation and decreased JNK and AKT phosphorylation without altering the p38MAPK phosphorylation levels. Morin treatment suppressed the migration and invasion of EJ cells in wound‐healing and transwell cell invasion assays. Zymographic and electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that morin suppressed the expression of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) via repression of the binding activity of AP‐1, Sp‐1, and NF‐κB. Collectively, these results demonstrate that morin reduced cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK2 and CDK4 expression via the induction of p21WAF1 expression, increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation and decreased JNK, and AKT phosphorylation, and prevented MMP‐9 expression via the inhibition of transcription factors AP‐1, Sp‐1, and NF‐κB, thereby resulting in the inhibition of growth, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer EJ cells. These results provide a novel insight into the use of morin in the prevention of bladder cancer. Drug Dev Res 78 : 81–90, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Generation and characterization of mice for conditional inactivation of Zeb1
Authors: Brabletz Simone , Lasierra Losada María , Schmalhofer Otto , Mitschke Julia , Krebs Angela , Brabletz Thomas , Stemmler Marc P. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe multizinc finger containing transcription factor ZEB1 plays crucial roles during various aspects of mammalian development and tumorigenesis. Best studied in human tumors, ZEB1 is activating the embryo‐derived program of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). The aberrant activation of EMT confers an invasive metastasizing phenotype with acquisition of stem cell properties and resistance to radio‐ and chemotherapy. Although ZEB1 has very important functions in tumor progression, not much is known about its role in physiological contexts and during development and homeostasis. We describe the generation of Zeb1flox/flox mice carrying a targeted mutation for conditional Zeb1 gene inactivation and show that homozygous Zeb1‐depletion in the germline results in a phenotype similar to the conventional Zeb1 knockout.