bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DO VALOR/ALUNO/ANO AO CUSTO-ALUNO-QUALIDADE-INICIAL: O CONTROLE SOCIAL NA CONSOLIDAÇÃO DOS FUNDOS CONSTITUCIONAIS COMO POLÍTICA DE ESTADO
Authors: Jesus Wellington Ferreira de 
Published: December 2016

O presente trabalho, um estudo exploratório, tem como referência uma pesquisa em fontes documentais como Documentos do Executivo e do Legislativo, Propostasde Emendas e Emendas Constitucionais, a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases, a legislação pertinente ao financiamento da educação básica , bem como a literatura que discute o tema. Este artigo objetivou refletir a perspectiva de participação social e efetivação de uma Política de Estado para o setor Educa-cional, a partir da instituição dos Fundos Constitucionais para o financiamento da Educação Básica brasileira no transcursohistórico da segunda metade da década de 1990 e início do século XXI. A política de fundos fomentou o debate no campo do financiamento da educação, na medida em que possibi-litou um debate amplo que discute: a problemática dos recursos; a participação social no controle e no acompa-nhamento; a ação do Ministério Público e de órgãos como a Controladoria Geral da União e os Tribunais de Conta; o fomento à pesquisa e participação das universidades, tanto no levantamento de estudos de impacto, quanto na perspectiva da capacitação e do aperfeiçoamento do magisté-rio; além de consolidar a importância da gestão democrática e dos conselhos escolares.
AUTORIA DE CONTEÚDOS DIGITAIS POR PROFESSORES EM FORMAÇÃO: POTENCIALIDADES PARA APROPRIAÇÃO CIENTÍFICO-TECNOLÓGICAS
Authors: Halmann Adriane Lizbehd 
Published: December 2016

O atual contexto de desenvolvimento das tecnologias da informação e comunicação faz emergir possibilidades de movimentos autorais em rede, o que vem transformando significativamente a educação científico-tecnológica, apontando para a necessidade da investigação de suas potencialidades no contexto da formação de professores. Tendo a construção de conteúdos digitais por professores em formação como campo de análise, este estudo buscou compreender suas implicações na apropriação científico-tecnológica desses sujeitos. Para tanto, a pesquisadora provocou e observou eventos de construção de conteúdos digitais em duas licenciaturas, em Física e em Educação do Campo, na Universidade Federal da Bahia, entre 2008 e 2011. Os resultados apontaram que a inserção de equipamentos não determina, por si só, os processos com eles desencadeados, mas traz condições para a implementação de outras situações de aprendizagem, potencializando construções autorais em diversas linguagens.Também foi possível perceber que processos autorais, com as tecnologias digitais, potencia-lizam outras práxis, para além das práticas reprodutivistas. Contudo, notou-se que as concepções dos professores, princi-palmente as empiristas, mais do que qualquer tecnologia, condicionam suas práticas, levando-os, inclusive, à tentativa de reproduzir antigos paradigmas educacionais, agora com as tecnologias digitais. As análises possibilitam afirmar que são profícuas as potencialidades dos processos autorais de conteú-dos digitais para a apropriação científico-tecnológica por professores em formação. Entretanto é imperioso que sejam criadas, na formação dos professores, condições adequadas, visando uma educação científica que amplie os sentidos construídos pelos sujeitos acerca das ciências, qualificando sua atuação no mundo.
Clinical implications of Mycobacterium chimaera detection in thermoregulatory devices used for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), Germany, 2015 to 2016
Authors: Trudzinski Franziska C. , Schlotthauer Uwe , Kamp Annegret , Hennemann Kai , Muellenbach Ralf M. , Reischl Udo , Gärtner Barbara , Wilkens Heinrike , Bals Robert , Herrmann Mathias , Lepper Philipp M. , Becker Sören L. 
Published: December 2016

Mycobacterium chimaera, a non-tuberculous mycobacterium, was recently identified as causative agent of deep-seated infections in patients who had previously undergone open-chest cardiac surgery. Outbreak investigations suggested an aerosol-borne pathogen transmission originating from water contained in heater-cooler units (HCUs) used during cardiac surgery. Similar thermoregulatory devices are used for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and M. chimaera might also be detectable in ECMO treatment settings. We performed a prospective microbiological study investigating the occurrence of M. chimaera in water from ECMO systems and in environmental samples, and a retrospective clinical review of possible ECMO-related mycobacterial infections among patients in a pneumological intensive care unit. We detected M. chimaera in 9 of 18 water samples from 10 different thermoregulatory ECMO devices; no mycobacteria were found in the nine room air samples and other environmental samples. Among 118 ECMO patients, 76 had bronchial specimens analysed for mycobacteria and M. chimaera was found in three individuals without signs of mycobacterial infection at the time of sampling. We conclude that M. chimaera can be detected in water samples from ECMO-associated thermoregulatory devices and might potentially pose patients at risk of infection. Further research is warranted to elucidate the clinical significance of M. chimaera in ECMO treatment settings.
Materialographic Preparation of Lithium-Carbon Intercalation Compounds
Authors: Drüe M. , Seyring M. , Grasemann A. , Rettenmayr M. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The materialographic investigation of anode materials for rechargeable lithium ion batteries is a significant step in the understanding and development of electrode materials, but made dramatically more difficult due to the high reactivity of the materials involved. In this work a method is presented which permits the metallographic preparation of the lithium-carbon intercalation compounds used as anode materials in today's rechargeable lithium ion batteries, and which allows the details of their microstructures to be contrasted. After classic, but absolutely water free, preparation in a protective gas atmosphere, the final stage of preparation is carried out using both ion beam polishing and manual polishing on a stationary polishing disc, whereby no significant differences of the quality of the microstructural images obtained is apparent.
THE SPACEINN–SISMA DATABASE: CHARACTERIZATION OF A LARGE SAMPLE OF VARIABLE AND ACTIVE STARS BY MEANS OF HARPS SPECTRA
Authors: Rainer M. , Poretti E. , Mistò A. , Panzera M. R. , Molinaro M. , Cepparo F. , Roth M. , Michel E. , Monteiro M. J. P. F. G. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We created a large database of physical parameters and variability indicators by fully reducing and analyzing the large number of spectra taken to complement the asteroseismic observations of the COnvection, ROtation and planetary Transits (CoRoT) satellite. 7103 spectra of 261 stars obtained with the ESO echelle spectrograph HARPS have been stored in the VO-compliant database Spectroscopic Indicators in a SeisMic Archive (SISMA), along with the CoRoT photometric data of the 72 CoRoT asteroseismic targets. The remaining stars belong to the same variable classes of the CoRoT targets and were observed to better characterize the properties of such classes. Several useful variability indicators (mean line profiles, indices of differential rotation, activity and emission lines) together with

and radial-velocity measurements have been extracted from the spectra. The atmospheric parameters

, and [Fe/H] have been computed following a homogeneous procedure. As a result, we fully characterize a sample of new and known variable stars by computing several spectroscopic indicators, also providing some cases of simultaneous photometry and spectroscopy.
COLORS OF ELLIPTICALS FROM GALEX TO SPITZER
Authors: Schombert James M. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Multi-color photometry is presented for a large sample of local ellipticals selected by morphology and isolation. The sample uses data from the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX), Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS), and Spitzer to cover the filters NUV, ugri, JHK and 3.6 μm. Various two-color diagrams, using the half-light aperture defined in the 2MASS J filter, are very coherent from color to color, meaning that galaxies defined to be red in one color are always red in other colors. Comparison to globular cluster colors demonstrates that ellipticals are not composed of a single age, single metallicity (e.g., [Fe/H]) stellar population, but require a multi-metallicity model using a chemical enrichment scenario. Such a model is sufficient to explain two-color diagrams and the color–magnitude relations for all colors using only metallicity as a variable on a solely 12 Gyr stellar population with no evidence of stars younger than 10 Gyr. The [Fe/H] values that match galaxy colors range from −0.5 to +0.4, much higher (and older) than population characteristics deduced from Lick/IDS line-strength system studies, indicating an inconsistency between galaxy colors and line indices values for reasons unknown. The NUV colors have unusual behavior, signaling the rise and fall of the UV upturn with elliptical luminosity. Models with blue horizontal branch tracks can reproduce this behavior, indicating the UV upturn is strictly a metallicity effect.
ACTIVITY OF 50 LONG-PERIOD COMETS BEYOND 5.2 au
Authors: Sárneczky K. , Szabó Gy. M. , Csák B. , Kelemen J. , Marschalkó G. , Pál A. , Szakáts R. , Szalai T. , Szegedi-Elek E. , Székely P. , Vida K. , Vinkó J. , Kiss L. L. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Remote investigations of ancient matter in the solar system have traditionally been carried out through observations of long-period (LP) comets, which are less affected by solar irradiation than their short-period counterparts orbiting much closer to the Sun. Here we summarize the results of our decade-long survey of the distant activity of LP comets. We found that the most important separation in the data set is based on the dynamical nature of the objects. Dynamically new comets are characterized by a higher level of activity on average: the most active new comets in our sample can be characterized by Afρ values >3–4, higher than those for our most active returning comets. New comets develop more symmetric comae, suggesting a generally isotropic outflow. In contrast to this, the comae of recurrent comets can be less symmetrical, ocassionally exhibiting negative slope parameters, which suggest sudden variations in matter production. The morphological appearance of the observed comets is rather diverse. A surprisingly large fraction of the comets have long, tenuous tails, but the presence of impressive tails does not show a clear correlation with the brightness of the comets.
UNDERCOVER EUV SOLAR JETS OBSERVED BY THE INTERFACE REGION IMAGING SPECTROGRAPH
Authors: Chen N.-H. , Innes D. E. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
It is well-known that extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emission emitted at the solar surface is absorbed by overlying cool plasma. Especially in active regions, dark lanes in EUV images suggest that much of the surface activity is obscured. Simultaneous observations from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, consisting of UV spectra and slit-jaw images (SJI), give vital information with sub-arcsecond spatial resolution on the dynamics of jets not seen in EUV images. We studied a series of small jets from recently formed bipole pairs beside the trailing spot of active region 11991, which occurred on 2014 March 5 from 15:02:21 UT to 17:04:07 UT. Collimated outflows with bright roots were present in SJI 1400 Å (transition region) and 2796 Å (upper chromosphere) that were mostly not seen in Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) 304 Å (transition region) and AIA 171 Å (lower corona) images. The Si iv spectra show a strong blue wing enhancement, but no red wing, in the line profiles of the ejecta for all recurrent jets, indicating outward flows without twists. We see two types of Mg ii line profiles produced by the jets spires: reversed and non-reversed. Mg ii lines remain optically thick, but turn optically thin in the highly Doppler shifted wings. The energy flux contained in each recurrent jet is estimated using a velocity differential emission measure technique that measures the emitting power of the plasma as a function of the line-of-sight velocity. We found that all the recurrent jets release similar energy (108 erg cm−2 s−1) toward the corona and the downward component is less than 3%.
EXTENDED CALCULATIONS WITH SPECTROSCOPIC ACCURACY: ENERGY LEVELS AND TRANSITION PROPERTIES FOR THE FLUORINE-LIKE ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE WITH Z = 24–30
Authors: Si R. , Li S. , Guo X. L. , Chen Z. B. , Brage T. , Jönsson P. , Wang K. , Yan J. , Chen C. Y. , Zou Y. M. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We have performed extensive multiconfiguration Dirac–Hartree–Fock calculations and second-order many-body perturbation calculations for F-like ions with Z = 24–30. Energy levels and transition rates for electric dipole (E1), electric-quadrupole (E2), electric-octupole (E3), magnetic dipole (M1), and magnetic-quadrupole (M2) transitions, as well as radiative lifetimes, are provided for the lowest 200 levels belonging to the

,

,

,

,

, and

configurations of each ion. The results from the two sets of calculations are in excellent agreement. Extensive comparisons are also made with other theoretical results and observed data from the CHIANTI and NIST databases. The present energies and wavelengths are believed to be accurate enough to aid line identifications involving the n = 3 and n = 4 configurations, for which observations are largely missing. The calculated wavelengths and transition data will be useful in the modeling and diagnostics of astrophysical and fusion plasmas.
WHAT IS EATING OZONE? THERMAL REACTIONS BETWEEN SO2 AND O3: IMPLICATIONS FOR ICY ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Loeffler Mark J. , Hudson Reggie L. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Laboratory studies are presented, showing for the first time that thermally driven reactions in solid H2O + SO2 + O3 mixtures can occur below 150 K, with the main sulfur-containing product being bisulfate (

). Using a technique not previously applied to the low-temperature kinetics of either interstellar or solar-system ice analogs, we estimate an activation energy of 32 kJ mol−1 for

formation. These results show that at the temperatures of the Jovian satellites, SO2 and O3 will efficiently react making detection of these molecules in the same vicinity unlikely. Our results also explain why O3 has not been detected on Callisto and why the SO2 concentration on Callisto appears to be highest on that world’s leading hemisphere. Furthermore, our results predict that the SO2 concentration on Ganymede will be lowest in the trailing hemisphere, where the concentration of O3 is the highest. Our work suggests that thermal reactions in ices play a much more important role in surface and sub-surface chemistry than generally appreciated, possibly explaining the low abundance of sulfur-containing molecules and the lack of ozone observed in comets and interstellar ices.
Identifying ecosystem service hotspots for environmental management in Durban, South Africa
Authors: Davids Rashieda , Rouget Mathieu , Boon Richard , Roberts Debra 
Published: December 2016

Background: Despite considerable research into the importance of ecosystem services, little has been achieved in translating such research into management action. In an urban context where numerous pressures on ecosystem services exist, the identification and management of priority ecosystem services areas are vital to ensure the ongoing provision of these services.Method: To identify opportunities for securing a sustainable supply of ecosystem services for the city of Durban, this paper identifies ecosystem service priority areas, called hotspots, and assesses their spatial congruence with critical biodiversity areas (CBAs), conservation areas, the Durban Metropolitan Open Space System (D’MOSS) and land ownership categories, using spatial overlap and correlation analyses. Hotspots for 13 ecosystem services were identified and analysed, including carbon storage, nutrient retention, sediment retention, water supply and flood attenuation.Results: The study found generally weak correlations between ecosystem service hotspots and CBAs and conservation areas. On average, 30% of the 13 ecosystem services hotspots were located within terrestrial CBAs, 51% within the D’MOSS, with nominal overlaps of 0.3%, 3.9% and 5.07% within estuaries and freshwater CBAs and conservation areas, respectively. The majority of ecosystem service hotspots were located within communally (41%) or privately owned (27%) lands.Conclusion: The results indicated that substantial portions of hotspot areas lie outside of formally regulated and managed conservation areas and remain vulnerable to human impact and habitat degradation. The study identified management areas and options that could yield maximum benefits; including the need for the development of an ecosystem services management and protection strategy, the selection of areas for co-management of ecosystem service hotspots and CBAs and the need for collaborative management.
The level of beta defensin-2 in saliva and its expression in parotid gland epithelial cells after probiotic (Lactobacillus reuteri) induction to inhibit Streptococcus mutans in caries
Authors: Kusumaningsih Tuti , Subijanto M. S. , Indrawati Retno , Devijanti R. Rini 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study was to prove that administrating L. reuteri probiotics can increase the level of BD-2 saliva and BD-2 expression in the epithelial parotid glands of Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Experimental design in this study was randomized control group post test only. Twenty-four white male Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain rats were divided into four groups. The negative control group included rats not induced by S. mutans whereas the positive control group included rats induced by S. mutans. The two treatment groups are as follows: treatment 1 (T1), the group that is induced for 14 days by L. reuteri and 7 days by S. mutans and treatment 2 (T2), the group which is induced simultaneously by S. mutans and L. reuteri for 14 days. L. reuteri culture at a concentration of 108 colony-forming unit/ ml and S. mutans culture at a concentration of 1010 are induced in the oral cavity of the Wistar rats. The Elisa technique is used to examine the salivary level of BD-2, whereas the immunohistochemical technique is used to examine the BD-2 expression in the epithelial salivary glands. Results: The study shows the increasing levels of BD-2 and BD-2 expression in the epithelial parotid glands after the administration of L. reuteri probiotics. Besides, there is a relationship between the increasing expression of BD-2 in the epithelial parotid glands with the decreasing amount of S. mutans. Conclusion: Giving L. reuteri probiotic scan increases the level of saliva of BD-2 and the expression of BD-2 in the parotid glands.
Advancements in all-ceramics for dental restorations and their effect on the wear of opposing dentition
Authors: Rashid Haroon , Sheikh Zeeshan , Misbahuddin Syed , Kazmi Murtaza Raza , Qureshi Sameer , Uddin Muhammad Zuhaib 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTTooth wear is a process that is usually a result of tooth to tooth and/or tooth and restoration contact. The process of wear essentially becomes accelerated by the introduction of restorations inside the oral cavity, especially in case of opposing ceramic restorations. The newest materials have vastly contributed toward the interest in esthetic dental restorations and have been extensively studied in laboratories. However, despite the recent technological advancements, there has not been a valid in vivo method of evaluation involving clinical wear caused due to ceramics upon restored teeth and natural dentition. The aim of this paper is to review the latest advancements in all-ceramic materials, and their effect on the wear of opposing dentition. The descriptive review has been written after a thorough MEDLINE/PubMed search by the authors. It is imperative that clinicians are aware of recent advancements and that they should always consider the type of ceramic restorative materials used to maintain a stable occlusal relation. The ceramic restorations should be adequately finished and polished after the chair-side adjustment process of occlusal surfaces.
Clinical evaluation of fiber-reinforced composite crowns in pulp-treated primary molars: 12-month results
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Zahra , Parisay Iman , Mehrabkhani Maryam , Madani Azam Sadat , Mazhari Fatemeh 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance of tooth-colored fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) crowns in pulp-treated second primary mandibular teeth. Materials and Methods: This split-mouth randomized, clinical trial performed on 67 children between 3 and 6 years with two primary mandibular second molars requiring pulp treatment. After pulp therapy, the teeth were randomly assigned to stainless steel crown (SSC) or FRC crown groups. Modified United States Public Health Service criteria were used to evaluate marginal integrity, marginal discoloration, and secondary caries in FRC crowns at intervals of 3, 6, and 12 months. Retention rate and gingival health were also compared between the two groups. The data were analyzed using Friedman, Cochran, and McNemar's tests at a significance level of 0.05. Results: Intact marginal integrity in FRC crowns at 3, 6, and 12 months were 93.2%, 94.8%, and 94.2%, respectively. Marginal discoloration and secondary caries were not found at any of the FRC crowns. The retention rates of the FRC crowns were 100%, 98.3%, and 89.7% at 3, 6 and 12 months, respectively, whereas all the SSCs were found to be present and intact after 12 months (P = 0.016). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in gingival health. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it seems that when esthetics is a concern, in cooperative patients with good oral hygiene, FRC crowns can be considered as a valuable procedure.
Distal extension mandibular removable partial denture with implant support
Authors: Bural Canan , Buzbas Begum , Ozatik Sebnem , Bayraktar Gulsen , Emes Yusuf 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThis case report describes the fabrication of a distal extension removable partial denture (RPD) of a 65-year-old man with implant support. Loss of fibroelasticity of the peripheral tissues and reduced mandibular vestibular sulcular depth due to a previous surgical resection and radiotherapy at the right side were the main clinical factors that created difficulty for denture retention and stability. The fabrication of a mandibular RPD supported by anterior teeth and two bilaterally placed implants in the molar area to convert from Kennedy Class 1 design to Kennedy Class 3 implant-bounded RPD is reported. Retention and stability of the denture were improved with implant support on the distal extension site of the RPD. The common clinical problems about distally extended RPDs are lack of retention and stability due to the movement around the rotational axis. Dental implant placement to the distal edentulous site minimizes the potential dislodgement of the RPD is popular. Implant-supported RPD can be suggested as an advantageous and cost-effective treatment option for the partially edentulous patients.