bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-Elemental Analysis of Crepis Sahendi Boiss Grown in Iraqi Kurdistan Region Using ICP-OES/ICP-MS Techniques
Authors: Osw Peshawa Sh. , Masum Pshtiwan A. 
Published: June 2017

Crepis sahendi Boiss is perennial plant growing in Iraqi Kurdistan region. Traditionally, it is used for the treatment of abdominal ache. The objective of this study is to evaluate the element contents of root, stem, leaf and flower of C. sahendi, which were determined using microwave assisted digestion followed by ICP-OES/ICP-MS techniques. Sixty-five elements were analyzed from the studied plant parts. Element concentrations of Pt, Pd and Re have not been detected in any parts of the studied plant. Some elements were present only in specific parts, such as; Ta, Ti, U, Ho, Lu, Tm, Yb W, In and Te. The rest of the elements were detected in all parts of C. sahendi in different concentrations. Lead and Arsenic reach the toxic concentrations in flower with 45.9 ppm and 25.6 ppm respectively. Chromium was also showed in a toxic ratio within root, leaf and flower with 8.04 ppm, 7.43 ppm and 3.47 ppm respectively. The determination of metals as toxic ratio was depended on the WHO references. The presence of these toxic heavy metals in such a ratio in the selected parts of C. sahendi make us believe that this traditional plant is not safe to be used by consumers in the sampling area.
Assessment of drainage techniques for evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma: a consecutive population-based comparative cohort study
Authors: Sjåvik Kristin , Bartek Jiri , Sagberg Lisa Millgård , Henriksen Marte Lødemel , Gulati Sasha , Ståhl Fredrik L. , Kristiansson Helena , Solheim Ole , Förander Petter , Jakola Asgeir Store 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVESurgery for chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is one of the most common neurosurgical procedures. The benefit of postoperative passive subdural drainage compared with no drains has been established, but other drainage techniques are common, and their effectiveness compared with passive subdural drains remains unknown.METHODSIn Scandinavian population-based cohorts the authors conducted a consecutive, parallel cohort study to compare different drainage techniques. The techniques used were continuous irrigation and drainage (CID cohort, n = 166), passive subdural drainage (PD cohort, n = 330), and active subgaleal drainage (AD cohort, n = 764). The primary end point was recurrence in need of reoperation within 6 months of index surgery. Secondary end points were complications, perioperative mortality, and overall survival. The analyses were based on direct regional comparison (i.e., surgical strategy).RESULTSRecurrence in need of surgery was observed in 18 patients (10.8%) in the CID cohort, in 66 patients (20.0%) in the PD cohort, and in 85 patients (11.1%) in the AD cohort (p < 0.001). Complications were more common in the CID cohort (14.5%) compared with the PD (7.3%) and AD (8.1%) cohorts (p = 0.019). Perioperative mortality rates were similar between cohorts (p = 0.621). There were some differences in baseline and treatment characteristics possibly interfering with the above-mentioned results. However, after adjusting for differences in baseline and treatment characteristics in a regression model, the drainage techniques were still significantly associated with clinical outcome (p < 0.001 for recurrence, p = 0.017 for complications).CONCLUSIONSCompared with the AD cohort, more recurrences were observed in the PD cohort and more complications in the CID cohort, also after adjustment for differences at baseline. Although the authors cannot exclude unmeasured confounding factors when comparing centers, AD appears superior to the more common PD.Clinical trial registration no.: NCT01930617 (clinicaltrials.gov)
Thirty-day postoperative morbidity and mortality after temporal lobectomy for medically refractory epilepsy
Authors: Kerezoudis Panagiotis , McCutcheon Brandon , Murphy Meghan E. , Rajjoub Kenan R. , Ubl Daniel , Habermann Elizabeth B. , Worrell Gregory , Bydon Mohamad , Van Gompel Jamie J. 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVETemporal lobectomy is a well-established treatment modality for the management of medically refractory epilepsy in appropriately selected patients. The aim of this study was to assess 30-day morbidity and mortality after temporal lobectomy in cases registered in a national database.METHODSA retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using a multiinstitutional surgical registry compiled between 2006 and 2014. The authors identified patients who underwent anterior temporal lobectomy and/or amygdalohippocampectomy for a primary diagnosis of intractable epilepsy. Univariate and multivariable analyses with regard to patient demographics, comorbidities, operative characteristics, and 30-day outcomes were applied.RESULTSA total of 216 patients were included in the study. The median age was 38 years and 46% of patients were male. The median length of stay was 3 days and the 30-day mortality rate was 1.4%. Fourteen patients (6.5%) developed at least one major complication. Return to the operating room was observed in 7 patients (3.2%). Readmission within 30 days and discharge to a location other than home were available for 2011–2014 (n = 155) and occurred in 11% and 10.3% of patients, respectively. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that increasing age was an independent predictor of discharge disposition other than home and that male sex was a significant risk factor for the development of a major complication. Interestingly, the presence of the attending neurosurgeon and a resident during the procedure was significantly associated with decreased odds of prolonged length of stay (i.e., > 75th percentile [5 days]) and discharge to a location other than home.CONCLUSIONSUsing a multiinstitutional surgical registry, 30-day outcome data after temporal lobectomy for medically intractable epilepsy demonstrates a mortality rate of 1.4%, a major complication rate of 6.5%, and a readmission rate of 11%. Temporal lobectomy is an extremely effective therapy for seizures originating there—however, surgical intervention must be weighed against its morbidity and mortality outcomes.
Intracranial solitary fibrous tumors/hemangiopericytomas: first report of malignant progression
Authors: Apra Caroline , Mokhtari Karima , Cornu Philippe , Peyre Matthieu , Kalamarides Michel 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVEMeningeal solitary fibrous tumors/hemangiopericytomas (MSFTs/HPCs) are rare intracranial tumors resembling meningiomas. Their classification was redefined in 2016 by the World Health Organization (WHO) as benign Grade I fibrohyaline type, intermediate Grade II hypercellular type, and malignant highly mitotic Grade III. This grouping is based on common histological features and identification of a common NAB2-STAT6 fusion.METHODSThe authors retrospectively identified 49 cases of MSFT/HPC. Clinical data were obtained from the medical records, and all cases were analyzed according to this new 2016 WHO grading classification in order to identify malignant transformations.RESULTSRecurrent surgery was performed in 18 (37%) of 49 patients. Malignant progression was identified in 5 (28%) of these 18 cases, with 3 Grade I and 2 Grade II tumors progressing to Grade III, 3–13 years after the initial surgery. Of 31 Grade III tumors treated in this case series, 16% (5/31) were proved to be malignant progressions from lower-grade tumors.CONCLUSIONSLow-grade MSFTs/HPCs can transform into higher grades as shown in this first report of such progression. This is a decisive argument in favor of a common identity for MSFT and meningeal HPC. High-grade MSFTs/HPCs tend to recur more often and be associated with reduced overall survival. Malignant progression could be one mechanism explaining some recurrences or metastases, and justifying long-term follow-up, even for patients with Grade I tumors.
mosaicQA - A General Approach to Facilitate Basic Data Quality Assurance for Epidemiological Research
Authors: Bialke Martin , Rau Henriette , Schwaneberg Thea , Walk Rene , Bahls Thomas , Hoffmann Wolfgang 
Published: June 2017

SummaryBackground: Epidemiological studies are based on a considerable amount of personal, medical and socio-economic data. To answer research questions with reliable results, epidemiological research projects face the challenge of providing high quality data. Consequently, gathered data has to be reviewed continuously during the data collection period.Objectives: This article describes the development of the mosaicQA-library for non-statistical experts consisting of a set of reusable R functions to provide support for a basic data quality assurance for a wide range of application scenarios in epidemiological research.Methods: To generate valid quality reports for various scenarios and data sets, a general and flexible development approach was needed. As a first step, a set of quality-related questions, targeting quality aspects on a more general level, was identified. The next step included the design of specific R-scripts to produce proper reports for metric and categorical data. For more flexibility, the third development step focussed on the generalization of the developed R-scripts, e.g. extracting characteristics and parameters. As a last step the generic characteristics of the developed R functionalities and generated reports have been evaluated using different metric and categorical datasets.Results: The developed mosaicQA-library generates basic data quality reports for multivariate input data. If needed, more detailed results for single-variable data, including definition of units, variables, descriptions, code lists and categories of qualified missings, can easily be produced.Conclusions: The mosaicQA-library enables researchers to generate reports for various kinds of metric and categorical data without the need for computational or scripting knowledge. At the moment, the library focusses on the data structure quality and supports the assessment of several quality indicators, including frequency, distribution and plausibility of research variables as well as the occurrence of missing and extreme values. To simplify the installation process, mosaicQA has been released as an official R-package.
Common garden test of range limits as predicted by a species distribution model in the annual plantMimulus bicolor
Authors: Dixon Andrea L. , Busch Jeremiah W. 
Published: June 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Direct tests of a species distribution model (SDM) were used to evaluate the hypothesis that the northern and southern edges ofMimulus bicolor's geographical range are limited by temperature and precipitation.METHODS:Climatic suitability was predicted using an SDM informed only by temperature and precipitation variables. These predictions were tested by growing plants in growth chambers with temperature and watering treatments informed by weather stations characteristic of environments at the geographic center, edges, and outside the range. An Aster analysis was used to assess whether treatments significantly affected lifetime flower production and to test for local adaptation. The relationship between climatic suitability and lifetime flower number in the growth chambers was also evaluated.KEY RESULTS:The temperature and watering treatments significantly affected lifetime flower number, although local adaptation was not detected. Flower production was significantly lower under the two edge treatments compared to the central treatment. While no flowers were produced under the beyond‐south treatments, flower production was greatest under the beyond‐north treatment. These results suggest a hard abiotic limit at the southern edge, and suitable temperature and precipitation conditions beyond the northern edge. While predicted climatic suitability was significantly lower at the range edges, there was no correlation between the climatic suitability of the weather stations’ locations and flower production.CONCLUSIONS:These results suggest that temperature and precipitation play a significant role in defining the distribution ofM. bicolor, but also indicate that dispersal limitation or metapopulation dynamics are likely important factors restricting access to habitable sites beyond the northern range limit.
The Southern H ii Region Discovery Survey (SHRDS): Pilot Survey
Authors: Brown C. , Jordan C. , Dickey John M. , Anderson L. D. , Armentrout W. P. , Balser Dana S. , Bania T. M. , Dawson J. R. , Mc Clure-Griffiths N. M. , Wenger Trey V. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The Southern H ii Region Discovery Survey is a survey of the third and fourth quadrants of the Galactic plane that will detect radio recombination line (RRL) and continuum emission at cm-wavelengths from several hundred H ii region candidates using the Australia Telescope Compact Array. The targets for this survey come from the WISE Catalog of Galactic H ii Regions and were identified based on mid-infrared and radio continuum emission. In this pilot project, two different configurations of the Compact Array Broad Band receiver and spectrometer system were used for short test observations. The pilot surveys detected RRL emission from 36 of 53 H ii region candidates, as well as seven known H ii regions that were included for calibration. These 36 recombination line detections confirm that the candidates are true H ii regions and allow us to estimate their distances.
(Almost) Dark Galaxies in the ALFALFA Survey: Isolated H i-bearing Ultra-diffuse Galaxies
Authors: Leisman Lukas , Haynes Martha P. , Janowiecki Steven , Hallenbeck Gregory , Józsa Gyula , Giovanelli Riccardo , Adams Elizabeth A. K. , Neira David Bernal , Cannon John M. , Janesh William F. , Rhode Katherine L. , Salzer John J. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We present a sample of 115 very low optical surface brightness, highly extended, H i-rich galaxies carefully selected from the ALFALFA survey that have similar optical absolute magnitudes, surface brightnesses, and radii to recently discovered “ultra-diffuse” galaxies (UDGs). However, these systems are bluer and have more irregular morphologies than other UDGs, are isolated, and contain significant reservoirs of H i. We find that while these sources have normal star formation rates for H i-selected galaxies of similar stellar mass, they have very low star formation efficiencies. We further present deep optical and H i-synthesis follow-up imaging of three of these H i-bearing ultra-diffuse sources. We measure H i diameters extending to ∼40 kpc, but note that while all three sources have large H i diameters for their stellar mass, they are consistent with the H i mass–H i radius relation. We further analyze the H i velocity widths and rotation velocities for the unresolved and resolved sources, respectively, and find that the sources appear to inhabit halos of dwarf galaxies. We estimate spin parameters, and suggest that these sources may exist in high spin parameter halos, and as such may be potential H i-rich progenitors to the ultra-diffuse galaxies observed in cluster environments.
Chandra Survey of Nearby Galaxies: A Significant Population of Candidate Central Black Holes in Late-type Galaxies
Authors: She Rui , Ho Luis C. , Feng Hua 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Based on the Chandra data archive as of 2016 March, we have identified 314 candidate active galactic nuclei in 719 galaxies located closer than 50 Mpc, among them late-type galaxies (Hubble types Sc and later) that previously had been classified from optical observations as containing star-forming (H ii) nuclei. These late-type galaxies comprise a valuable subsample to search for low-mass (

) central black holes. For the sample as a whole, the overall dependence of the fraction of active nuclei on galaxy type and nuclear spectral classification is consistent with previous results based on optical surveys. We detect 51 X-ray cores among the 163 H ii nuclei and estimate that, very conservatively, ∼74% of them with luminosities above 1038

are not contaminated by X-ray binaries; the fraction increases to ∼92% for X-ray cores with a luminosity of 1039

or higher. This allows us to estimate a black hole occupation fraction of

% in these late-type galaxies, many of which are bulgeless.
Millimeter-wave and Submillimeter-wave Spectra of Aminoacetonitrile in the Three Lowest Vibrational Excited States
Authors: Esposti Claudio Degli , Dore Luca , Melosso Mattia , Kobayashi Kaori , Fujita Chiho , Ozeki Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
It is important to study possible precursors of amino acids such as glycine to enable future searches in interstellar space. Aminoacetonitrile (NH2CH2CN) is one of the most feasible molecules for this purpose. This molecule was already detected toward Sgr B2(N). Aminoacetonitrile has a few low-lying vibrational excited states, and transitions within these states may be found in space. In this study, the pure-rotational transitions in the three lowest vibrational states in the 80–450 GHz range have been assigned and analyzed. It was found to be very important to include Coriolis coupling between the two lowest vibrational fundamentals, while the third one was unperturbed. The partition function was evaluated considering these new results.
Galactic Sources Detected in the NuSTAR Serendipitous Survey
Authors: Tomsick John A. , Lansbury George B. , Rahoui Farid , Clavel Maïca , Fornasini Francesca M. , Hong JaeSub , Aird James , Alexander David M. , Bodaghee Arash , Chiu Jeng-Lun , Grindlay Jonathan E. , Hailey Charles J. , Harrison Fiona A. , Krivonos Roman A. , Mori Kaya , Stern Daniel 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) provides an improvement in sensitivity at energies above 10 keV by two orders of magnitude over non-focusing satellites, making it possible to probe deeper into the Galaxy and universe. Lansbury and collaborators recently completed a catalog of 497 sources serendipitously detected in the 3–24 keV band using 13 deg2 of NuSTAR coverage. Here, we report on an optical and X-ray study of 16 Galactic sources in the catalog. We identify 8 of them as stars (but some or all could have binary companions), and use information from Gaia to report distances and X-ray luminosities for 3 of them. There are 4 CVs or CV candidates, and we argue that NuSTAR J233426–2343.9 is a relatively strong CV candidate based partly on an X-ray spectrum from XMM-Newton. NuSTAR J092418–3142.2, which is the brightest serendipitous source in the Lansbury catalog, and NuSTAR J073959–3147.8 are low-mass X-ray binary candidates, but it is also possible that these 2 sources are CVs. One of the sources is a known high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB), and NuSTAR J105008–5958.8 is a new HMXB candidate that has strong Balmer emission lines in its optical spectrum and a hard X-ray spectrum. We discuss the implications of finding these HMXBs for the surface density (log N–log S) and luminosity function of Galactic HMXBs. We conclude that with the large fraction of unclassified sources in the Galactic plane detected by NuSTAR in the 8–24 keV band, there could be a significant population of low-luminosity HMXBs.
The Populations of Carina. II. Chemical Enrichment*
Authors: Norris John E. , Yong David , Venn Kim A. , Gilmore Gerard , Casagrande Luca , Dotter Aaron 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Chemical abundances are presented for 19 elements in a sample of 63 red giants in the Carina dwarf spheroidal galaxy (dSph), based on homogeneous 1D/LTE model atmosphere analyses of our own observations (32 stars) and data available in the literature (a further 31 independent stars). The (Fe) metallicity and [α/Fe] distribution functions have mean values and dispersions of −1.59 and 0.33 dex ([Fe/H] range: −2.68 to −0.64) and 0.07 and 0.13 dex ([α/Fe] range: −0.27 to 0.25), respectively. We confirm the finding of Venn et al. that a small percentage (some 10% in the present investigation) of the sample shows clear evidence for significant enrichment by Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) ejecta. Calcium, with the most accurately determined abundance of the α-elements, shows an asymmetric distribution toward smaller values of [Ca/Fe] at all [Fe/H], most significantly over −2.0 < [Fe/H] < −1.0, suggestive of incomplete mixing of the ejecta of SNe Ia with the ambient medium of each of Carina’s generations. Approximate color–magnitude diagram age estimates are presented for the sample, and together with our chemical abundances, compared with the results of our previous synthetic color–magnitude diagram analysis, which reported the details of Carina’s four well-defined populations. We searched for the Na–O anticorrelation universally reported in the Galaxy’s globular clusters and confirm that this phenomenon does not exist in Carina. We also found that one of the 32 stars in our sample has an extremely enhanced lithium abundance—A(Li)NLTE = +3.36, consistent with membership of the ∼1% group of Li-rich stars in dSph described by Kirby et al.
Searching for Interstellar
Using a New Method for High Signal-to-noise HST/STIS Spectroscopy
Authors: Cordiner M. A. , Cox N. L. J. , Lallement R. , Najarro F. , Cami J. , Gull T. R. , Foing B. H. , Linnartz H. , Lindler D. J. , Proffitt C. R. , Sarre P. J. , Charnley S. B. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Due to recent advances in laboratory spectroscopy, the first optical detection of a very large molecule has been claimed in the diffuse interstellar medium (ISM):

(ionized Buckminsterfullerene). Confirming the presence of this molecule would have significant implications regarding the carbon budget and chemical complexity of the ISM. Here we present results from a new method for ultra-high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) spectroscopy of background stars in the near-infrared (at wavelengths of 0.9–1 μm), using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) in a previously untested “STIS scan” mode. The use of HST provides the crucial benefit of eliminating the need for error-prone telluric-correction methods in the part of the spectrum where the

bands lie and where the terrestrial water vapor contamination is severe. Our STIS spectrum of the heavily reddened B0 supergiant star BD+63 1964 reaches an unprecedented S/N for this instrument (∼600–800), allowing the detection of the diffuse interstellar band (DIB) at 9577 Å attributed to

, as well as new DIBs in the near-IR. Unfortunately, the presence of overlapping stellar lines, and the unexpected weakness of the

bands in this sightline, prevents conclusive detection of the weaker

bands. A probable correlation between the 9577 Å DIB strength and interstellar radiation field is identified, which suggests that more strongly irradiated interstellar sightlines will provide the optimal targets for future

searches.
D1005+68: A New Faint Dwarf Galaxy in the M81 Group
Authors: Smercina Adam , Bell Eric F. , Slater Colin T. , Price Paul A. , Bailin Jeremy , Monachesi Antonela 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We present the discovery of d1005+68, a new faint dwarf galaxy in the M81 Group, using observations taken with the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam. d1005+68's color–magnitude diagram is consistent with a distance of

Mpc, establishing group membership. We derive an absolute V-band magnitude, from stellar isochrone fitting, of

, with a half-light radius of

pc. These place d1005+68 within the radius–luminosity locus of Local Group and M81 satellites and among the faintest confirmed satellites outside the Local Group. Assuming an age of 12 Gyr, d1005+68's red giant branch is best fit by an isochrone of [Fe/H] = −1.90 ± 0.24. It has a projected separation from nearby M81 satellite BK5N of only 5 kpc. As this is well within BK5N’s virial radius, we speculate that d1005+68 may be a satellite of BK5N. If confirmed, this would make d1005+68 one of the first detected satellites-of-a-satellite.