bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fracture toughness and structural evolution in the TiAlN system upon annealing
Authors: Bartosik M. , Rumeau C. , Hahn R. , Zhang Z. L. , Mayrhofer P. H. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractHard coatings used to protect engineering components from external loads and harsh environments should ideally be strong and tough. Here we study the fracture toughness, KIC, of Ti1−xAlxN upon annealing by employing micro-fracture experiments on freestanding films. We found that KIC increases by about 11% when annealing the samples at 900 °C, because the decomposition of the supersaturated matrix leads to the formation of nanometer-sized domains, precipitation of hexagonal-structured B4 AlN (with their significantly larger specific volume), formation of stacking faults, and nano-twins. In contrast, for TiN, where no decomposition processes and formation of nanometer-sized domains can be initiated by an annealing treatment, the fracture toughness KIC remains roughly constant when annealed above the film deposition temperature. As the increase in KIC found for Ti1−xAlxN upon annealing is within statistical errors, we carried out complementary cube corner nanoindentation experiments, which clearly show reduced (or even impeded) crack formation for annealed Ti1−xAlxN as compared with their as-deposited counterpart. The ability of Ti1−xAlxN to maintain and even increase the fracture toughness up to high temperatures in combination with the concomitant age hardening effects and excellent oxidation resistance contributes to the success of this type of coatings.
Anti-cancer capacity of plasma-treated PBS: effect of chemical composition on cancer cell cytotoxicity
Authors: Van Boxem Wilma , Van der Paal Jonas , Gorbanev Yury , Vanuytsel Steven , Smits Evelien , Dewilde Sylvia , Bogaerts Annemie 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe evaluate the anti-cancer capacity of plasma-treated PBS (pPBS), by measuring the concentrations of NO2− and H2O2 in pPBS, treated with a plasma jet, for different values of gas flow rate, gap and plasma treatment time, as well as the effect of pPBS on cancer cell cytotoxicity, for three different glioblastoma cancer cell lines, at exactly the same plasma treatment conditions. Our experiments reveal that pPBS is cytotoxic for all conditions investigated. A small variation in gap between plasma jet and liquid surface (10 mm vs 15 mm) significantly affects the chemical composition of pPBS and its anti-cancer capacity, attributed to the occurrence of discharges onto the liquid. By correlating the effect of gap, gas flow rate and plasma treatment time on the chemical composition and anti-cancer capacity of pPBS, we may conclude that H2O2 is a more important species for the anti-cancer capacity of pPBS than NO2−. We also used a 0D model, developed for plasma-liquid interactions, to elucidate the most important mechanisms for the generation of H2O2 and NO2−. Finally, we found that pPBS might be more suitable for practical applications in a clinical setting than (commonly used) plasma-activated media (PAM), because of its higher stability.
A quantitative method for microstructural analysis of myelinated axons in the injured rodent brain
Authors: van Tilborg Erik , van Kammen Caren M. , de Theije Caroline G. M. , van Meer Maurits P. A. , Dijkhuizen Rick M. , Nijboer Cora H. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMRI studies (e.g. using diffusion tensor imaging) revealed that injury to white matter tracts, as observed in for instance perinatal white matter injury and multiple sclerosis, leads to compromised microstructure of myelinated axonal tracts. Alterations in white matter microstructure are also present in a wide range of neurological disorders including autism-spectrum disorders, schizophrenia and ADHD. Whereas currently myelin quantity measures are often used in translational animal models of white matter disease, it can be an important valuable addition to study the microstructural organization of myelination patterns in greater detail. Here, we describe methods to extensively study the microstructure of cortical myelination by immunostaining for myelin. To validate these methods, we carefully analyzed the organization of myelinated axons running from the external capsule towards the outer layers of the cortex in three rodent models of neonatal brain injury and in an adult stroke model, that have all been associated with myelination impairments. This unique, relatively easy and sensitive methodology can be applied to study subtle differences in myelination patterns in animal models in which aberrations in myelination integrity are suspected. Importantly, the described methods can be applied to determine efficacy of novel experimental treatments on microstructural organization of cortical myelination.
Multiple-stressor effects in an apex predator: combined influence of pollutants and sea ice decline on lipid metabolism in polar bears
Authors: Tartu Sabrina , Lille-Langøy Roger , Størseth Trond R. , Bourgeon Sophie , Brunsvik Anders , Aars Jon , Goksøyr Anders , Jenssen Bjørn Munro , Polder Anuschka , Thiemann Gregory W. , Torget Vidar , Routti Heli 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThere is growing evidence from experimental and human epidemiological studies that many pollutants can disrupt lipid metabolism. In Arctic wildlife, the occurrence of such compounds could have serious consequences for seasonal feeders. We set out to study whether organohalogenated compounds (OHCs) could cause disruption of energy metabolism in female polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Svalbard, Norway (n = 112). We analyzed biomarkers of energy metabolism including the abundance profiles of nine lipid-related genes, fatty acid (FA) synthesis and elongation indices in adipose tissue, and concentrations of lipid-related variables in plasma (cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides). Furthermore, the plasma metabolome and lipidome were characterized by low molecular weight metabolites and lipid fingerprinting, respectively. Polychlorinated biphenyls, chlordanes, brominated diphenyl ethers and perfluoroalkyl substances were significantly related to biomarkers involved in lipid accumulation, FA metabolism, insulin utilization, and cholesterol homeostasis. Moreover, the effects of pollutants were measurable at the metabolome and lipidome levels. Our results indicate that several OHCs affect lipid biosynthesis and catabolism in female polar bears. Furthermore, these effects were more pronounced when combined with reduced sea ice extent and thickness, suggesting that climate-driven sea ice decline and OHCs have synergistic negative effects on polar bears.
Dacarbazine nanoparticle topical delivery system for the treatment of melanoma
Authors: Hafeez Abdul , Kazmi Imran 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDacarbazine (DZ) is poorly soluble in water with the short half-life in blood circulation, low rate of response with the toxic effect which ultimately limits its utilization of the treatment of skin cancer. In view of this background current study was designed for development of dacarbazine laden nanoparticle (DZNP) and dacarbazine laden nanocream (DZNC) topical delivery system for the treatment of melanoma. Firstly DZNP was prepared. By using DZNP its cream formulation prepared for topic drug delivery for melanoma. Dacarbazine nanoparticle and its cream were evaluated for morphology, drug load capacity, efficiency of nanoencapsulation and size of particle and zeta potential, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), determination of pH, spreadability and viscosity, in vitro drug release capacity and its cytotoxic potential. The particle size of DZNP and DZNC was 16.3 ± 8.1 nm and 16.9 ± 7.8 nm respectively. pH value and spreadability of nanoparticle cream were found to be 6.7 ± 0.14 g cm/sec and 55.23 ± 3.13 g cm/sec respectively. Nanoencapsulation efficiency and Drug loading capacity were 67.4 ± 3.5% and 6.73 mg/10 mg respectively. IC50 of dacarbazine nanoparticle was 0.19 mg/ml while it was 0.63 mg/ml for nanoparticle cream. It can be concluded that DZNP and its cream can be effectively used as a topical formulation for the treatment of melanoma.
Output current enhanced cyclic switched‐capacitor step‐down DC–DC regulator
Authors: Wang W.‐L. , Lin H. , Yu C.‐L. , Henrickson L.E. 
Published: November 2017

Here, we propose a three‐phase cyclic switched‐capacitor step‐down DC–DC regulator, which enhances output current while using the same total flying capacitance and keeping the same ideal power conversion efficiency as the conventional topology. Dual output voltages of 1.5 and 3.0 V using conversion ratios of 1/3 and 2/3 are obtained with a 5 V input voltage. The theoretical normalised output current (Inorm) is 33% higher than that of the conventional topology. The measured Inorm reaches 0.428 A/(F ·Hz) with 1 nF on‐chip flying capacitors (Cf) at a switching frequency (f) of 20.8 MHz using 0.25 μm CMOS technology.
Neurotizaciones Sensitivas en Cirugía de la Mano
Authors: Martínez F. , Sevilla B. , García S. , García J. , Navarro J. , Robledano A. , Ros A. 
Published: November 2017

ResumenLa lesión de los nervios mediano y cubital puede ocasionar daños permanentes y tiene consecuencias devastadoras. Los accidentes con instrumentos cortantes en ambiente laboral o doméstico y las lesiones del plexo braquial, constituyen las causas más frecuentes. En los casos de lesión del nervio mediano, recuperar la sensibilidad de la “pinza” (borde cubital del pulgar y radial del índice), es esencial para la reeducación de la función motora e incluso, puede considerarse un requisito previo. Asimismo, la lesión del nervio cubital, conlleva a déficit de sensibilidad del borde medial de la mano y produce falta de soporte para la manipulación con la pinza. En ambos casos, la mano está expuesta a traumatismos, heridas, quemaduras, etc. En el momento de la lesión y siempre que sea posible, debe realizarse una reparación primaria del nervio. Las avulsiones, las lesiones proximales y los grandes defectos nerviosos, obligan a una reconstrucción secundaria cuando el paciente se ha recuperado de la lesión aguda. Este estudio objetiva una actualización de la literatura.
The Learning Curve Associated with Robotic Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Sodhi Nipun , Khlopas Anton , Piuzzi Nicolas , Sultan Assem , Marchand Robert , Malkani Arthur , Mont Michael 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAs with most new surgical technologies, there is an associated learning curve with robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) before surgeons can expect ease of use to be similar to that of manual cases. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to (1) assess robotic-assisted versus manual operative times of two joint reconstructive surgeons separately as well as (2) find an overall learning curve. A total of 240 robotic-assisted TKAs performed by two board-certified surgeons were analyzed. The cases were sequentially grouped into 20 cases and a learning curve was created based on mean operative times. For each surgeon, mean operative times for their first 20 and last 20 robotic-assisted cases were compared with 20 randomly selected manual cases performed by that surgeon as controls prior to the initiation of the robotic-assisted cases. Each of the surgeons first 20 robotic assisted, last 20 robotic assisted, and 20 controls were then combined to create 3 cohorts of 40 cases for analysis. Surgeon 1: First and last robotic cohort operative times were 81 and 70 minutes (p < 0.05). Mean operative times for the first 20 robotic-assisted cases and manual cases were 81 versus 68 minutes (p < 0.05). Mean operative times for the last 20 robotic-assisted cases and manual cases were 70 versus 68 minutes (p > 0.05). Surgeon 2: First and last robotic cohort operative times were 117 and 98 minutes (p < 0.05). Mean operative times for the first 20 robotic-assisted cases and manual cases were 117 versus 95 (p < 0.05). Mean operative times for the last 20 robotic-cohort cases and manual cases were 98 versus 95 (p > 0.05). A similar trend occurred when the times of two surgeons were combined. The data from this study effectively create a learning curve for the use of robotic-assisted TKA. As both surgeons completed their total cases numbers within similar time frames, these data imply that within a few months, a board-certified orthopaedic joint arthroplasty surgeon should be able to adequately perform robotic TKA without adding any operative times.
Difficult Cases in Robotic Arm-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Series
Authors: Marchand Robert , Khlopas Anton , Sodhi Nipun , Condrey Caitlin , Piuzzi Nicolas , Patel Rickesh , Delanois Ronald , Mont Michael 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSagittal deformity of the knee is commonly corrected to neutral biomechanical axis (±3 degrees) during total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which is a widely accepted goal. Recent advances in surgical technology have made it possible to accurately plan and fulfill these goals. One of these is robotic-assisted TKA, which has been noted to help increase accuracy and precision of restoring a neutral mechanical axis. While there are data confirming the ability of robotic devices to better correct knee alignment than the manual technique, there is a lack of data concerning the use of the robotic devices in more complex cases, such as those in patients with severe varus or valgus deformity, as well as in flexion contractures. Therefore, the purpose of this case study is to present three cases in which the robotic-assisted TKA device was used to correct a severe varus and severe valgus deformities. Based on this case series, it should be noted that the robotic device can also help correct severe varus/valgus deformities and flexion contractures.
Die Dorpater Zeit von Emil Kraepelin – Hinterließ dieser Aufenthalt Spuren in der russischen und sowjetischen
Psychiatrie?
Authors: Engmann Birk , Steinberg Holger 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungEmil Kraepelin (1856–1926) gilt auch in Russland als bedeutender Psychiater. Hinzukommt, dass Kraepelin selbst im Russischen Reich tätig war
– und zwar in den Jahren 1886 bis 1891 in Dorpat, dem heutigen Tartu in Estland. Wir gingen der Frage nach, ob die Popularität auf genau
dieser Dorpater Zeit beruht. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass – obwohl jene Jahre für das Schaffen Kraepelins von Bedeutung waren – sie nicht
wesentlich zu seiner Popularität in Russland beitrugen. Übersetzungen von Kraepelins Schriften ins Russische liegen erst aus dem Zeitraum
vor, in dem Kraepelin die Lehrstühle in Heidelberg bzw. in München innehatte. Zudem war es keinem seiner Dorpater Studenten und Doktoranden
vergönnt, eine Position zu erreichen, die es ihm ermöglicht hätte, zu einem einflussreichen Protagonisten Kraepelinscher Lehren zu
werden.Die Kraepelin-Rezeption war im Russischen Reich und in der Sowjetunion höchst uneinheitlich. Zeitweise wurden rückblickend seine Dorpater
experimentalpsychologischen Arbeiten gewürdigt – vor allem im Zusammenhang mit dem Aufstieg der Reflexologie in der russischen und vor allem
frühen sowjetischen Psychiatrie, später wurden vor allem Kraepelins Verdienste um die Klassifikation psychiatrischer Erkrankungen
herausgestellt.
Kater Edgar hat Diabetes – ein Fallbericht
Authors: Hornig Veronika 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungEin 13 Jahre alter Kater wird mit Diabetes mellitus und chronischer Niereninsuffizienz diagnostiziert. Neben einer schulmedizinischen Behandlung wird klassische Homöopathie eingesetzt, die ausschlaggebenden Symptome liegen im Gemütsbereich. Die Laborwerte spiegeln oftmals das tatsächliche Allgemeinbefinden nicht wider. Nach mehrmaliger erfolgreicher homöopathischer Arzneimittelverordnung wird die schulmedizinische Behandlung abgesetzt. Allgemeinbefinden, Gemüt und Laborwerte bleiben unter homöopathischer Behandlung gut.
Mayombensin, a New Azadirachtin I Derivative with Unusual Structure from Guarea mayombensis
Authors: Djeukeu Charlie , Tala Michel , Akak Carine , Azebaze Anatole , Wafo Alain , Wansi Jean , Vardamides Juliette , Laatsch Hartmut 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA new highly oxidized tetranortriterpenoid, named mayombensin (1), was isolated from the twigs of Guarea mayombensis together with five known compounds and, further, two ceramides, 3,4-dimethyl-secotirucalla-4(28),7,24-trien-3,21-dioic acid (3), the glucosides of stigmasterol and β-sitosterol, and the respective aglyca. The structure of 1 was elucidated by detailed NMR analysis and confirmed as a novel azadirachtin homologue.
Implantation einer modularen Knietotalendoprothese mit distalem Femurersatz mit kompressiver Osteointegration als Rückzugsoption bei komplexer femoraler posttraumatischer Ausgangssituation
Authors: Schreiner Anna , de Zwart Peter , Arnscheidt Christian , Stöckle Ulrich , Ochs Björn 
Published: November 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Größere Knochendefekte und -verluste sind sowohl in der Tumorchirurgie als auch in der komplexen Primär- und Revisionsendoprothetik des Kniegelenks für die Rekonstruktion ausschlaggebend. Die gängige Option der zementierten wie auch zementfreien Implantation langstieliger Implantate gerät bei großen Knochendefekten oft an ihre Grenzen und ist des Weiteren aufgrund des relativ hohen Risikos der aseptischen Lockerung im Verlauf gefährdet. Eine allgemein gültige Festlegung auf die optimale Implantatfixierung im Bereich des distalen Femurs ist bisher noch nicht erfolgt. Eine weitere Verankerungsoption ist die Nutzung der auf dem Wolffʼschen Transformationsgesetz beruhenden zementfreien, kompressiven Osteointegration. Diese Methode wurde entwickelt, um die hohen aseptischen Lockerungsraten in der Revisionsendoprothetik zu senken und gleichzeitig bei großen Knochendefekten eingesetzt zu werden. Das sog. Compress®-System bzw. CPS ermöglicht eine solche distale Femurrekonstruktion. Das bisherige Haupteinsatzgebiet ist die Tumorendoprothetik. Für den Einsatz in der komplexen posttraumatischen Situation oder Revisionsendoprothetik liegen kaum Studiendaten vor.
Patienten Es werden 2 Fallberichte zweier männlicher Patienten (59 und 56 Jahre) mit 1-Jahres-Ergebnissen präsentiert. In beiden Fällen bestand der Zustand nach Polytrauma mit komplexer posttraumatischer Ausgangssituation am distalen Femur (Deformität, Knochendefekte, Voroperationen) und gleichseitig einliegender Hüftendoprothese. Es erfolgte die Implantation einer modularen KTP, bestehend aus einer zementierten modularen Tibiabasisplatte sowie einem distalen Femurersatz, mit zementfreier Implantatverankerung mittels kompressiver Osteointegration. Die beiden Fälle wurden prospektiv klinisch und radiologisch dokumentiert.
Ergebnisse Es zeigten sich gute klinisch-radiologische Ergebnisse nach distalem Femurersatz mittels kompressiver Osteointegration. Es waren keine Folge- oder Revisionseingriffe erforderlich. Die Patienten konnten ihre berufliche Tätigkeit in der Nachbeobachtungsphase wieder aufnehmen. Die Literatur zeigt vergleichbare Überlebensraten für das CPS im Vergleich zu den konventionellen Verfahren. Langzeitergebnisse und größere Daten für die Revisionsendoprothetik bzw. posttraumatische Fälle fehlen bisher.
Schlussfolgerung Neben der Anwendung in der Tumorendoprothetik kann auch die komplexe femorale Ausgangssituation mit großen Knochendefekten als Indikation für den distalen Femurersatz mittels Compress-System für den klinischen Alltag evaluiert werden. Gerade wenn gleichseitig eine HTP einliegt, kann diese Option interprothetische Stress-Riser vermeiden.
Malignes Lymphom beim Hund – ein Fallbericht
Authors: Danowski Klaus 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungEs wird ein 4-jähriger Weimaraner-Rüde mit fortgeschrittenem multiplem malignem Lymphom vorgestellt. Sein Zustand ist sehr reduziert, die Prognose schlecht. Nacheinander müssen Fieberschübe, Durchfälle, eine Handgelenksarthrose, Ödeme, eine Tonsillitis, eine Nagelbettentzündung, Warzen, Rückenschmerzen, eine Gehörgangsentzündung und Zeckenbefall abgearbeitet werden. Arsenicum album, Tuberkulinum, Mercurius, Calcium fluoratum, Luesinum und Sulfur werden zu Wendepunkten im Krankheitsgeschehen. Eine vollständige Remission gelingt.
Reproducible and flexible simulation experiments with ML-Rules and SESSL
Authors: Warnke T , Helms T , Uhrmacher A M 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Summary
The modeling language ML-Rules allows specifying and simulating complex systems biology models at multiple levels of organization. The development of such simulation models involves a wide variety of simulation experiments and the replicability of generated simulation results requires suitable means for documenting simulation experiments. Embedded domain-specific languages, such as SESSL, cater to both requirements. With SESSL, the user can integrate diverse simulation experimentation methods and third-party software components into an executable, readable simulation experiment specification. A newly developed SESSL binding for ML-Rules exploits these features of SESSL, opening up new possibilities for executing and documenting simulation experiments with ML-Rules models.

Availability and implementation
ML-Rules is implemented in Java, SESSL and its bindings are implemented in Scala. The source code is available under open-source licenses:
ML-Rules               git.informatik.uni-rostock.de/mosi/mlrules2
ML-Rules Quickstart (Graphical Editor) git.informatik.uni-rostock.de/mosi/mlrules2-quickstart
SESSL               git.informatik.uni-rostock.de/mosi/sessl and sessl.org
SESSL Quickstart (Experiment Template) git.informatik.uni-rostock.de/mosi/sessl-quickstart
Furthermore, Maven-compatible compiled packages of ML-Rules, SESSL, and the SESSL bindings are available from the Maven Central Repository at maven.org (org.sessl:* and org.jamesii: mlrules).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Meta-analytic principal component analysis in integrative omics application
Authors: Kim SungHwan , Kang Dongwan , Huo Zhiguang , Park Yongseok , Tseng George C 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Motivation
With the prevalent usage of microarray and massively parallel sequencing, numerous high-throughput omics datasets have become available in the public domain. Integrating abundant information among omics datasets is critical to elucidate biological mechanisms. Due to the high-dimensional nature of the data, methods such as principal component analysis (PCA) have been widely applied, aiming at effective dimension reduction and exploratory visualization.

Results
In this article, we combine multiple omics datasets of identical or similar biological hypothesis and introduce two variations of meta-analytic framework of PCA, namely MetaPCA. Regularization is further incorporated to facilitate sparse feature selection in MetaPCA. We apply MetaPCA and sparse MetaPCA to simulations, three transcriptomic meta-analysis studies in yeast cell cycle, prostate cancer, mouse metabolism and a TCGA pan-cancer methylation study. The result shows improved accuracy, robustness and exploratory visualization of the proposed framework.

Availability and implementation
An R package MetaPCA is available online. (http://tsenglab.biostat.pitt.edu/software.htm).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.