bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards a practical model for community engagement: Advancing the art and science in academic health centers
Authors: Ahmed Syed M. , Neu Young Sharon , DeFino Mia C. , Franco Zeno , Nelson David A. 
Published: December 2017

IntroductionCommunity engagement (CE) has become more prevalent among academic health centers (AHCs), with significant diversity in practices and language. The array of approaches to CE contributes to confusion among practitioners.MethodsWe have reviewed multiple models of CE utilized by AHCs, Clinical and Translational Science Awards, and higher education institutions overall. Taking these models into consideration, we propose a comprehensive model of CE that encompasses a broader spectrum of activities and programs.ResultsThe CE Components Practical Model includes 5 components: Community Outreach and Service, Education, Clinical Care, Research, and Policy and Advocacy. The components are supported by the foundational elements within administrative functions and infrastructure.ConclusionsThis model will accomplish the following: (1) reduce confusion about CE; (2) provide a broader understanding of CE; and (3) increase the ability of CE practitioners to interact with each other through this common reference and engage in advancing CE scholarship.
The evolving collaborative relationship between Practice-Based Research Networks (PBRNs) and Clinical and Translational Science Awardees (CTSAs)
Authors: Riley-Behringer Maureen , Davis Melinda M. , Werner James J. , Fagnan L. J. , Stange Kurt C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPurposeClinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSAs) and Practice-Based Research Networks (PBRNs) have complementary missions. We replicated a 2008 survey of CTSA-PBRN leaders to understand how organizational relationships have evolved.MethodsWe surveyed 60 CTSA community engagement (CE) Directors and 135 PBRN Directors and analyzed data using between and within-group comparisons.ResultsIn total, 43% of CTSA CE Directors (26/60) and 42% of PBRN Directors (57/135) responded. Quantitative responses revealed growing alignment between CTSA/PBRN perceptions, with a few areas of discordance. CE Directors noted declining financial support for PBRNs. PBRN Directors identified greater CTSA effectiveness in PBRN engagement, consultation, and collaborative grant submissions. Qualitative data revealed divergent experiences across CTSA/PBRN programs.ConclusionsRelationships between CTSAs and PBRNs are maturing; for some that means strengthening and for others a growing vulnerability. Findings suggest a mutual opportunity for PBRNs and CTSAs around applied research. Studies to characterize exemplar CTSA-PBRN collaborations are needed.
Thermal transfer in Rayleigh–Bénard cell with smooth or rough boundaries
Authors: Rusaouën E. , Liot O. , Castaing B. , Salort J. , Chillà F. 
Published: December 2017

Several Rayleigh–Bénard experiments in water are performed with smooth or rough boundaries. We present new thermal transfer measurements obtained with large roughness elements arranged in a square lattice. The data are compared to previous data obtained with smaller elements in the same cell (Tisserand et al., Phys. Fluids, vol. 23, 2011). Experiments in the same apparatus without roughness are presented, as reference results, to allow for comparison. In the rough case, several regimes of heat transfer are identified: one similar to the smooth case, an enhanced heat transfer regime characterized by a modification of the Nusselt versus Rayleigh number relation and a third part where the relation can be similar to a smooth one with a corrected prefactor.
Direct numerical simulation of turbulent channel flow over a surrogate for Nikuradse-type roughness
Authors: Thakkar M. , Busse A. , Sandham N. D. 
Published: December 2017

A tiled approach to rough surface simulation is used to explore the full range of roughness Reynolds numbers, from the limiting case of hydrodynamic smoothness up to fully rough conditions. The surface is based on a scan of a standard grit-blasted comparator, subsequently low-pass filtered and made spatially periodic. High roughness Reynolds numbers are obtained by increasing the friction Reynolds number of the direct numerical simulations, whereas low roughness Reynolds numbers are obtained by scaling the surface down and tiling to maintain a constant domain size. In both cases, computational requirements on box size, resolution in wall units and resolution per minimum wavelength of the rough surface are maintained. The resulting roughness function behaviour replicates to good accuracy the experiments of Nikuradse (1933 VDI-Forschungsheft, vol. 361), suggesting that the processed grit-blasted surface can serve as a surrogate for his sand-grain roughness, the precise structure of which is undocumented. The present simulations also document a monotonic departure from hydrodynamic smooth-wall results, which is fitted with a geometric relation, the exponent of which is found to be inconsistent with both the Colebrook formula and an earlier theoretical argument based on low-Reynolds-number drag relations.
Methodological Aspect of Mortars Dating (Poznań, Poland, MODIS)
Authors: Michalska Danuta , Czernik Justyna , Goslar Tomasz 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTAn accurate radiocarbon (14C) dating of mortars requires adjusting the sample preparation procedure to each specific mortar composition. In order to follow the influence of mortar components and the preparation procedure on dating results, a mortar intercomparison study (MODIS) was undertaken by 10 organizations (institutes and laboratories) in the analyses of four different types of mortars (see in this issue Hajdas et al. 2017 and Hayen et al. 2017). This paper presents the preparation protocol DoM v.1 applied by the Poznań team, together with dating results on a set of mortar samples used for the of intercomparison. This procedure involved petrographic observations, SEM-EDS analyses, different mechanical-chemical preparation, a test of leaching reaction for available fractions, and finally 14C dating of chosen samples. The applied preparation allows one to obtain dry-sieved grain fractions and different fractions from suspension: grain fractions from suspension collected in different times of leaching, repeated suspension (different portions), as well as suspension collected at different times of sedimentation. The obtained results show the great importance of good sampling and the influence of sample preparation on 14C dating results.
AMS Radiocarbon Dates on Peat Section Related with Tephra and Archaeological Sites in Carlisle Island, the Islands of Four Mountains, Alaska
Authors: Okuno Mitsuru , Izbekov Pavel , Nicolaysen Kirsten P , Sato Eiichi , Nakamura Toshio , Savinetsky Arkady B , Vasyukov Dmitrii , Krylovich Olga A , Khasanov Bulat , Miranda Jonathan , Persico Lyman , Hatfield Virginia , West Dixie L , Bruner Kale M 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTWe obtained radiocarbon (14C) dates with accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) of vascular plant samples and a charcoal sample collected from peat deposits near the prehistoric village site informally designated CR-03 on Carlisle Island in the Islands of Four Mountains group, Alaska, to determine the eruption age of the CR-02 tephra. A fine vitric ash erupted from Okmok caldera, Umnak Island (ca. 2 ka BP) was also discovered in the bog. The ages of the CR-02 tephra and Okmok II ash are estimated to be 1050 and 2000 cal BP, respectively. Because both tephras are distinctive and widespread, these are important chronostratigraphic markers for archaeological sites in this island group. The 14C dates obtained from this bog are 800 years younger than the dates of the charcoal fragments from cultural layers in the Unit 3 of prehistoric village site CR-02 (AMK-0003).
China's Newsmakers: Official Media Coverage and Political Shifts in the Xi Jinping Era
Authors: Jaros Kyle , Pan Jennifer 
Published: December 2017

AbstractXi Jinping's rise to power in late 2012 brought immediate political realignments in China, but the extent of these shifts has remained unclear. In this paper, we evaluate whether the perceived changes associated with Xi Jinping's ascent – increased personalization of power, centralization of authority, Party dominance and anti-Western sentiment – were reflected in the content of provincial-level official media. As past research makes clear, media in China have strong signalling functions, and media coverage patterns can reveal which actors are up and down in politics. Applying innovations in automated text analysis to nearly two million newspaper articles published between 2011 and 2014, we identify and tabulate the individuals and organizations appearing in official media coverage in order to help characterize political shifts in the early years of Xi Jinping's leadership. We find substantively mixed and regionally varied trends in the media coverage of political actors, qualifying the prevailing picture of China's “new normal.” Provincial media coverage reflects increases in the personalization and centralization of political authority, but we find a drop in the media profile of Party organizations and see uneven declines in the media profile of foreign actors. More generally, we highlight marked variation across provinces in coverage trends.
How do autodiffeomorphisms act on embeddings?
Authors: Skopenkov A. 
Published: December 2017

We work in the smooth category. The following problem was suggested by E. Rees in 2002: describe the precomposition action of self-diffeomorphisms of Sp × Sq on the set of isotopy classes of embeddings Sp × Sq → ℝm.Let G: Sp × Sq → ℝm be an embedding such thatis null-homotopic for some pair of different points a, b ∈ Sp. We prove the following statement: if ψ is an autodiffeomorphism of Sp × Sq identical on a neighbourhood of a × Sq for some a ∈ Sp and p ⩽ q and 2m ⩾ 3p +3q + 4, then G◦ ψ is isotopic to G.Let N be an oriented (p + q)-manifold and let f, g be isotopy classes of embeddings N → ℝm, Sp × Sq → ℝm, respectively. As a corollary we obtain that under certain conditions for orientation-preserving embeddings s: Sp × Dq → N the Sp-parametric embedded connected sum f#sg depends only on f, g and the homology class of s|Sp × 0.
Species distribution, sequence types and antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter spp. from cystic fibrosis patients
Authors: Rocha G. A. , Lima D. F. , Rodrigues E. R. , Leão R. S. , Folescu T. W. , Firmida M. C. , Cohen R. W. F. , Albano R. M. , Marques E. A. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAcinetobacter spp. are important healthcare pathogens, being closely linked to antibiotic resistance and outbreaks worldwide. Although such species are rarely observed in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), we describe the characteristics of 53 strains of Acinetobacter spp. isolated from the sputum of 39 Brazilian patients with CF. The species distribution was A. baumannii (n = 29), A. pittii (n = 13), A. nosocomialis (n = 8), A. seifertii (n = 1), A. soli (n = 1) and A. variabilis (n = 1) determined by partial rpoB gene sequencing. Sixteen strains (10 A. baumannii, 3 A. pittii and 3 A. nosocomialis) were multidrug-resistant (MDR) by disk diffusion test (30%) and eight MDR carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii strains harboured the blaOXA-23-like oxacillinase gene. Thirty-three sequence types (STs) were identified by multilocus sequence typing of which eight were novel (A. baumannii: 843, 844, 845, 847, 848; A. pitti: 643; A. nosocomialis: 862 and A. seifertii: 846); six STs (2 A. baumannii, 3 A. pittii and 1 A. nosocomialis) were found in more than one patient. Four strains of A. baumannii were assigned to two common clonal complexes (CCs), namely, CC1 (ST1, ST20 and ST160), and CC79 (ST79). This study underlines the extensive species diversity of Acinetobacter spp. strains in CF lung infections which may present difficulties for therapy due to significant antimicrobial resistance.
Do Anti-dumping Duties Still Matter? The Curious Case of Aluminum Foil
Authors: HAKOBYAN SHUSHANIK 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn 2009, the EU imposed anti-dumping duties on aluminum foil imported from Armenia, Brazil, and China for five years. The final determination resulted in the imposition of definitive anti-dumping duties of 13.4% (Armenia), 17.6% (Brazil), and 6.4–30% (China). This paper quantifies the direct and indirect effects of the EU anti-dumping duty on EU and US imports from targeted and unaffected countries using detailed data for the years 2006 through 2012, and controlling for exports of all products within the aluminum sheet, plate, and foil manufacturing industry from all countries. The findings point to the trade destruction, trade depression, trade diversion, and trade deflection effects typically found in the existing literature. However, the uniqueness of this case lies in the fact that the Armenian exporter is a subsidiary of a Russian firm. And as Armenia's exports to the EU declined, they expanded rapidly to the US. At the same time, the US imports from Russia, a country not directly touched by the anti-dumping ruling, declined dramatically, and were diverted to the EU. This points to the potential ineffectiveness of anti-dumping duties in the presence of multinational corporations with production facilities located across countries differentially impacted by anti-dumping duties.
KSHV episomes reveal dynamic chromatin loop formation with domain-specific gene regulation
Authors: Campbell Mel , Watanabe Tadashi , Nakano Kazushi , Davis Ryan R. , Lyu Yuanzhi , Tepper Clifford G. , Durbin-Johnson Blythe , Fujimuro Masahiro , Izumiya Yoshihiro 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe three-dimensional structure of chromatin organized by genomic loops facilitates RNA polymerase II access to distal promoters. The Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) lytic transcriptional program is initiated by a single viral transactivator, K-Rta. Here we report the KSHV genomic structure and its relationship with K-Rta recruitment sites using Capture Hi–C analyses. High-resolution 3D viral genomic maps identify a number of direct physical, long-range, and dynamic genomic interactions. Mutant KSHV chromosomes harboring point mutations in the K-Rta responsive elements (RE) significantly attenuate not only the directly proximate downstream gene, but also distal gene expression in a domain-specific manner. Genomic loops increase in the presence of K-Rta, while abrogation of K-Rta binding impairs the formation of inducible genomic loops, decreases the expression of genes networked through the looping, and diminishes KSHV replication. Our study demonstrates that genomic architectural dynamics plays an essential role in herpesvirus gene expression.
Current Practices in the Management of Postoperative Arterial Vasospasm in Microsurgery
Authors: Turin Sergey , Walton Robert , Dumanian Gregory , Hijjawi John , LoGiudice John , Alghoul Mohammed 
Published: December 2017

Background Postoperative microvascular arterial vasospasm is a rare clinical entity. There are no published management algorithms and also the pathophysiology of this phenomenon has not been elucidated.
Methods An email survey of American Society for Reconstructive Microsurgery (ASRM) and World Society for Reconstructive Microsurgery (WSRM) members regarding their experiences with postoperative arterial vasospasm was conducted, returning 116 responses. A comprehensive literature search was conducted regarding the current body of knowledge on this entity.
Results Sixty-five percent of respondents encountered cases where postoperative arterial vasospasm was clearly the cause of flap ischemia. The majority (62%) of surgeons believed a damaged segment of the artery was responsible for the spasm, with technical issues cited as the most likely cause. Sixty-two percent and 50% of surgeons used segmental resection of the recipient and donor vessels, respectively.Rated for proclivity to vasospasm, superficial inferior epigastric artery (SIEA) was the flap, superior thyroid artery (STA) the recipient vessel, and the lower limb the anatomic region most frequently mentioned.Most widely used management strategies were: topical vasodilators (91%), adventitial stripping (82%), and dilation of recipient and donor vessels (76%). Over 50% of surgeons used some type of vessel resection technique.
Conclusions When flap ischemia is encountered without mechanical issues or thrombus, vasospasm can be the root cause. Certain vessels (SIEA, STA) and anatomic regions (lower limb) pose a higher risk for this phenomenon. When a vessel is affected, it is common practice to excise the questionable segment and use a graft as needed. Vessel resection as part of a multimodal approach can result in a reasonable salvage rate.
Bilayer Matrix Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation without Bone Graft for Knee Osteochondral Lesion Less than 8 mm Deep
Authors: Isik Cetin , Gursoy Safa , Akkaya Mustafa , Algin Oktay , Dogan Metin , Bozkurt Murat 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis article investigates the clinical and radiological results of bilayer matrix autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) membrane technique in the treatment of shallow osteochondral defects. An analysis was made of eight patients who were operated on using the bilayer MACI (Genzyme Biosurgery, Cambridge, MA) technique (mean age: 20.2 years, mean defect size: 3.8 cm2, mean defect depth: 6.2 ± 0.9 mm, and mean follow-up time: 22.1 ± 5.3 [14–26.1] months). According to the defect, the first membrane was secured to the base of the defect with the cells facing up, and the second membrane was implanted on top of the first membrane with the cells facing down using fibrin glue. Clinical assessment was performed with modified Cincinnati and Tegner Lysholm scores. Patients were evaluated using 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (3T MRI) with a 15-channel transmit knee coil in the 6th, 12th, and 24th months postoperatively. Magnetic observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) scoring was used to evaluate the cartilage tissue. The mean modified Cincinnati score was 36.4 (21–48) preoperatively and 84.2 (81–90) at 6 months postoperatively, 87.2 (82–92) at 12 months, and 89.6 (85–94) at 24 months (p < 0.05). The postoperative results were evaluated as excellent. The mean Tegner Lysholm score was 36.4 (21–48) preoperatively and 88.2 (84–92), 90.2 (84–95), and 90.4 (86–95) at 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively (p < 0.05). According to the 3T MRI findings, the mean modified MOCART scores were 8 in the preimplantation period, 38 in the 6th postoperative month, 70 in the 12th postoperative month, and 79 in the 24th postoperative month (p < 0.05). The 2-year follow-up MRI showed good regeneration, healing, and integration developing in time in cartilage tissue. In the treatment of shallow osteochondral defects, the bilayer MACI technique can be an alternative to filling the defect with bone graft.
Unraveling submicron-scale mechanical heterogeneity by three-dimensional X-ray microdiffraction
Authors: Li Runguang , Xie Qingge , Wang Yan-Dong , Liu Wenjun , Wang Mingguang , Wu Guilin , Li Xiaowu , Zhang Minghe , Lu Zhaoping , Geng Chang , Zhu Ting 
Published: December 2017

Significance
Shear bands critically control the strength and ductility in a wide range of structural, geological, and biological materials. The nondestructive three-dimensional structural probing of individual shear bands has hitherto not been possible for investigation at the critical mesoscopic length scales. The X-ray microdiffraction study reported in this work reveals the highly localized stress gradients and microscopic damage mechanisms across the fatigue shear bands. The resulting local strain gradients lead to severe stress concentrations at the submicrometer scale, causing an anomalous deviation of the classical Coffin−Manson rule for the high-cycle fatigue failure of metals. This work opens an avenue for harnessing the synchrotron-based, 3D spatially resolved X-ray for studying the heterogeneous deformation and fracture in bulk materials.
Role of enhanced receptor engagement in the evolution of a pandemic acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis virus
Authors: Baggen Jim , Hurdiss Daniel L. , Zocher Georg , Mistry Nitesh , Roberts Richard W. , Slager Jasper J. , Guo Hongbo , van Vliet Arno L. W. , Wahedi Maryam , Benschop Kimberley , Duizer Erwin , de Haan Cornelis A. M. , de Vries Erik , Casasnovas José M. , de Groot Raoul J. , Arnberg Niklas , Stehle Thilo , Ranson Neil A. , Thibaut Hendrik Jan , van Kuppeveld Frank J. M. 
Published: December 2017

Significance
Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) is a painful and highly contagious infection of the eye, with reported incidence rates of up to 48%. No drugs or vaccines are available for treatment or prevention of AHC. Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CV-A24v) is the main etiological agent of AHC, being responsible for >10 million AHC cases worldwide during the last decades. We have identified the CV-A24v protein receptor and determined the high-resolution structure of the virus–receptor complex. Furthermore, we found that an adaptation which enhances binding to the receptor sialic acid may have contributed to the pathogenicity and pandemic nature of CV-A24v. These findings highlight the importance of sialic acid for viruses with ocular tropism, such as influenza A virus and several adenoviruses.
Localizing softness and stress along loops in 3D topological metamaterials
Authors: Baardink Guido , Souslov Anton , Paulose Jayson , Vitelli Vincenzo 
Published: December 2017

Significance
Topological mechanical metamaterials are a type of structure, which can be used to design and control softness. They have been proposed as components for many applications, including for cushioning mechanical shocks and isolation of mechanical deformations as well as controlling actuation and failure. We provide a realization of a specific type of topological structure—a gapped topological lattice in three dimensions. We then use this structure to localize soft deformations either on the surface of the material or in the bulk along line defects called dislocations.
Visualizing long-term single-molecule dynamics in vivo by stochastic protein labeling
Authors: Liu Hui , Dong Peng , Ioannou Maria S. , Li Li , Shea Jamien , Pasolli H. Amalia , Grimm Jonathan B. , Rivlin Patricia K. , Lavis Luke D. , Koyama Minoru , Liu Zhe 
Published: December 2017

Significance
To circumvent our dependence on photoactivation in single-molecule microscopy, we devise a universal genetic system to precisely control copy number of fluorescently labeled molecules in a cell. Combined with photostable labels, this system enables long-term single-particle tracking of densely packed cellular organelles and proteins. This strategy expands spatiotemporal length scales of live-cell single-molecule measurements to quantitatively understand complex control of molecular dynamics in vivo.