bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the dynamics of climate and anticipated snow cover changes on the hydrological response of rivers in the Hindu Kush Himalaya region
Authors: Shahi Rachita , Lamichhane Suraj , Devkota Nirajan 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The research aims to assess the interplay between climate dynamics and snow cover changes, informing water resource management. Utilizing the SWAT model with historical and future data, hydrological responses in the Marshyangdi River Basin are examined. The model's performance confirms its ability to simulate runoff components effectively. Projections indicate a concerning decrease in snow cover area for 2030, 2050, and 2090, with declines of 2.03, 4.03, and 14.20%, respectively, attributed to global warming and human activities. Isolating climate change reveals substantial increases in stream flow, notably pre-monsoon surges under different scenarios, with projected increments of 84 and 130% under SSP245 and SSP585, respectively. Analysis of snow cover impact shows a slight increase in annual stream flow, with a 3.54% anticipated decrease during the post-monsoon period, raising concerns for water availability in the dry season. Comparing both impacts reveals no significant differences in stream flow or precipitation. Annual stream flow increases under different scenarios, driven by precipitation, with varying impacts. Climate change emerges as the dominant driver, affecting surface runoff, groundwater, and evapotranspiration. This research unravels complex relationships between climate change, snow cover, and hydrological responses, providing valuable insights for water resource management in mountainous regions like the Hindu Kush Himalaya.
Comparative Analysis of Circular RNAs Expression and Function between Aortic and Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Gareev Ilgiz , Beylerli Ozal , Ahmad Aamir , Ilyasova Tatiana , Shi Huaizhang , Chekhonin Vladimir 
Published: September 2024

:
An aneurysm is an abnormal enlargement or bulging of the wall of a blood vessel. Most
often, aneurysms occur in large blood vessels - the aorta (Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA) and
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) and brain vessels (Intracranial Aneurysm (IA)). Despite the
presence of significant differences in the pathogenesis of the development and progression of IA
and TAA/AAA, there are also similarities. For instance, both have been shown to be strongly influenced
by shear stress, inflammatory processes, and enzymatic destruction of the elastic lamellae
and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins of the vascular wall. Moreover, although IA and TAA are
predominantly considered arteriopathies with different pathological mechanisms, they share risk
factors with AAA, such as hypertension and smoking. However, there is a need for a more in-
-depth study of the key elements that may influence the formation and progression of a particular
aneurysm to find ways of therapeutic intervention or search for a diagnostic tool. Today, it is
known that the disruption of gene expression is one of the main mechanisms that contribute to the
development of aneurysms. At the same time, growing evidence suggests that aberrant epigenetic
regulation of gene function is strongly related to the genesis of aneurysms. Although much has
been studied of the known protein-coding genes, circular RNAs (circRNAs), a relatively new and
rapidly evolving large family of transcripts, have recently received much scientific attention. CircRNAs
regulate gene expression through the sponging of microRNAs (miRNAs) and can also be
used as therapeutic targets and biomarkers. Increasing evidence has implicated circRNAs in the
pathogenesis of multiple cardiovascular diseases, including the development of aneurysms. However,
the mechanism of dysregulation of certain circRNAs in a particular aneurysm remains to be
studied. The discovery of circRNAs has recently advanced our understanding of the latest mode of
miRNAs/target genes regulation in the development and progression of IA and TAA/AAA. The
aim of this study is to compare the expression profiles of circRNAs to search for similar or different
effects of certain circRNAs on the formation and progression of IA and TAA/AAA.
Prediction Models for HIV Infection in Infants: Analysis of Scoring Systems on Maternal, Infants, and Mode of Delivery Risk Factors
Authors: Latupeirissa Debbie , Akib Arwin A.P. , Hadinegoro Sri Rezeki S. , Ibrahim Fera , Aminullah Asril , Bardosono Saptawati , Ismoedijanto  , Utomo Budi 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Diagnosis for HIV in infants is hard to determine, particularly in limited-
resource areas. A delay in the diagnosis of HIV-infected infants will lead to high morbidity
and mortality. The purpose of this project is to construct a model of an HIV-positive infant and develop
a useful and practical scoring system to estimate the likelihood of mother-to-child transmission
that can be applied in the field.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study on 100 subjects through medical records of infants born to
HIV-infected mothers was conducted at four hospitals and one community health center. Several
models of risk prediction scores of HIV-infected infants were then made. Furthermore, the performed
validation was performed on 20 subjects of infants born to mothers with HIV in three hospitals
by comparing the scoring system and the result of the PCR RNA examination performed at
the age of 6 weeks old.

Results:
The risk of HIV-infected infants was higher in mothers who did not receive ARV
through PMTCT programs (OR 33.6; 95% CI 4.0 to 282.2), pulmonary TB infection (OR 5.1;
IK95% 1.6 to 16.0) and vaginal delivery (OR 9.2; IK95 2.2 to 38.0%). Two models can predict
the occurrence of infected HIV infants effectively. Model 1 consists of maternal age, maternal
ARVs, lung TB infection, gestational age, mode of delivery, and sex of the infants with sensitivity
and specificity of 78.9% and 70.8% (AUC=0.817 [95% CI 0.709 to 0.926]) and likelihood ratio
score of 4. Model 2 consists of ARVs to the mother, pulmonary TB infection, and mode of delivery
with sensitivity and specificity of 73.7% and 86.1%; AUC value of 0.812 (95% CI 0.687 to
0.938) and likelihood ratio of 5. External Validation gave similar results to the Model 2 scoring
system with PCR RNA.

Conclusion:
The prediction score of HIV-infected infants in Model 2 can be used in newborns of
HIV-positive mothers as an effective and practical risk screening tool for HIV-infected infants before
the gold standard examination by PCR.
Co-existing Mediastinal Venous Malformation and Fusiform Superior Vena Cava Aneurysm in a Patient with Ischemic Stroke: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Kim Gwanghyun , Kwon Lyo Min , Ye Dong A , Lee Minwoo , Do Young Soo , Song Kyung Sup 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Mediastinal venous malformation (MVM) and fusiform superior vena cava aneurysm (F-SVCA) are both rare congenital vascular anomalies.

Case Presentations:
A 46-year-old male presented with acute ischemic stroke of unknown etiology. Computed tomography (CT) angiography revealed the coexistence
of MVM and F-SVCA. Diagnostic venography demonstrated a significant reduction in blood flow velocity within the F-SVCA, but failed to
identify a direct connection to the left heart system or pulmonary vein. The patient expired due to extensive brain damage caused by a stroke.

Conclusion:
This case may increase the necessity of meticulous radiological evaluation and preventive management for these anomalies, as mediastinal
vascular anomalies can result in thromboembolic complications.
Recent Advances in Prodrug Approach over Conventional Drug Therapy
Authors: Rana Nishit P. , Patel Shruti , Patel Asha , Ahlawat Priyanka , Panjwani Drishti 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Prodrugs represent a strategically designed category of medicinal compounds
aimed at optimizing drug pharmacokinetics. By modifying the pharmacological action of the
drug within a prodrug, subsequent enzymatic bioconversion in the human body facilitates the release
of the active drug. This strategy has been highly effective, as demonstrated by the substantial number
of prodrugs found in commercial pharmaceutical products. Prodrugs have emerged as a recognized
strategy for augmenting the physical, chemical, biological, or pharmacokinetic attributes of pharmacologically
active molecules in the realm of drug research and development.

Objective:
This systematic review intended to offer insights into the recent developments in the prodrug
approach used in drug research and development, with a focus on highlighting its effectiveness.
The objective was to illustrate the diverse applications of prodrugs and their impact on enhancing
drug properties and therapeutic outcomes.

Area covered:
This review is centered on the most recent developments in the prodrug approach used
for drug development and research. The prodrug concept has a wide range of practical uses, some of
which are illustrated in this review article. These illustrations are categorized based on the intention
behind their creation.

Results:
Prodrugs have been designed to address challenges, such as poor water solubility and low
bioavailability. Strategies, like using neutral or charged promoieties, have been reported to be successful
in enhancing solubility. For permeability and bioavailability, prodrugs have been employed
to mask polar groups, enabling better absorption. Prolonged half-life prodrugs have been developed
to extend drug action, while tissue-targeted delivery prodrugs have shown promise in enhancing drug
delivery to specific sites.

Conclusion:
Prodrug design offers promising strategies to optimize drug delivery and efficacy. Despite
challenges, ongoing clinical trials and research efforts indicate the potential of prodrugs in improving
therapeutic outcomes. Addressing formulation challenges and understanding pharmacokinetic
variability are essential for successful prodrug development.
Synthesis, In-Vitro and In-Silico Investigation of Pyrazole Derivatives as Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents
Authors: Bhandari Ankita , Kumar Nitin , Agrawal Anurag , Bhatnagar Payal , Sharma Shikha 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Heterocyclic compounds with O, N, and/or S atoms are highly valuable in
drug discovery and development. Their pyrazole moieties find applications in various fields, such as
herbicides, corrosion inhibitors, electron transport materials, polymers, and luminescent materials.
Consequently, there is a pressing need in medicinal chemistry to develop new antibacterial agents to
enhance therapeutic efficacy and safety.

Methods:
A newer biologically active 1-(4-substitutedphenyl)-5-chloro-3-methyl-1Hpyrazole-4-carboxylic
acid analogue was synthesized by the para-substituted phenylhydrazine. All the synthesized
compounds were characterized by NMR, mass spectral, and IR spectrum examinations, as well as C,
H, and N analyses. The synthesized compounds were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities.
Furthermore, a molecular docking study was performed to elucidate the binding modes of synthesized
ligands in the active pockets of DNA gyrase and CYP51 (PDB IDs: 4uro and 5tz1, respectively)
for exhibiting the binding modes and predicting the mechanism of action of synthesized ligands.

Results:
Five compounds (2Rb, 2Re, 2Rg, 2Rh, and 2Ri) demonstrated significant antibacterial action
against gram-positive B. subtilis and gram-negative E. coli and antifungal activity against C. albicans
and A. niger compared to the standard drugs cefixime and ketoconazole. Furthermore, molecular docking
was employed to reveal how the newly synthesized ligands bind within the active pockets. It was
found that compound 2Rb demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, and compound 2Rg had good
antifungal activity.

Conclusion:
The current study highlights the unique structural characteristics and significant biological
activity of the synthesized compounds. In the pursuit of novel antibacterial and antifungal molecules,
these compounds could prove beneficial to society.
Advances in Nanoemulsion Formulations for Enhanced Drug Delivery: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Deshmukh Vinay , Jain Dharmendra 
Published: September 2024

Abstract:
Nanoemulsions (NEs) have emerged as adaptable medication delivery methods with extensive
applications in both pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals. This comprehensive review
delves into the myriad advantages of NEs, ranging from enhanced drug absorption to providing
stability for chemically unstable compounds. NEs exhibit promising potential as substitutes for liposomes,
offering improved performance in various formulations. In the realm of cosmeceuticals,
NEs play a pivotal role in enabling rapid skin penetration while maintaining skin moisturization,
thanks to their visually appealing coating. Their ability to deliver active ingredients efficiently
makes them an attractive option for cosmetic formulations seeking enhanced efficacy. Moreover,
this review sheds light on the involvement of NEs in antimicrobial therapies and gene therapy, underscoring
their versatility and potential in addressing diverse medical challenges.
Additionally, NEs find applications in commercial disinfectants, further highlighting their broad
utility beyond traditional drug delivery systems. Furthermore, the review discusses innovative
strategies, such as solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (S-SNEDDS), which offer advantages
in terms of stability, drug loading capacity, and patient compliance. By exploring these
strategies, researchers aim to overcome existing limitations and optimize the therapeutic potential
of NEs.
Farmers’ Share, Margin, And Efficiency Of Online And Offline Marketing Of Cabbage In Semarang Regency
Authors: Harviyantho Mohamad Bimo , Suryantini Any , Nugroho Agus Dwi 
Published: September 2024

This research aims to (1) identify the online and offline marketing channels of cabbage in Semarang Regency (2) calculate the farmer's share and marketing margins in each online and offline marketing channel in Semarang Regency, (3) analyze the factors that affect the online and offline marketing margins of cabbage in Semarang Regency, (4) know the efficiency level of online and offline marketing channels of cabbage in Semarang Regency. The location and farmer’s group of this research was determined by purposive sampling method. Farmers sampling is carried out using a simple random sampling technique involving 30 farmers from Batur Village. Sampling of traders chosen by the snowball sampling method involves 11 cabbage traders from Semarang Regency and DIY Provinces. The marketing channel is identified by using descriptive analysis. Marketing margins, farmer's share, and marketing efficiency are determined by quantitative analysis, while factors that affect marketing margin are analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that there are 3 marketing channels of Semarang Regency’s cabbage. The value of online and offline marketing farmer's share are 28,67% and 22,72%. The value of online and offline marketing margin are Rp in Semarang Regency 9.950,00 and Rp 1.932,00. The number of marketing institutions and the distance between farmers and the least marketing institution are factors that increase marketing margin. The value of online and offline marketing efficiency is 14,76% and 23,29%.
Presencia del Puma (Puma concolor) en el Parque Nacional Azul Meámbar, Honduras
Authors: Midence López Sergio J. , Hernández Kevin , Lemus Riccy , Rodríguez Max 
Published: September 2024

Desde hace más de veinte años hay un interés por mantener la continuidad de las poblaciones de especies silvestres, así como de los procesos ecológicos, ante las modificaciones del hábitat por causas humanas y, de igual forma, se reconoce que las áreas protegidas son cruciales para conservar la diversidad biológica. El puma (Puma concolor) es una especie catalogada como de Preocupación Menor en la Lista Roja de Especies de la UICN, por considerarse uno de los mamíferos con amplia distribución en el hemisferio occidental desde Canadá hasta el extremo sur de Chile. No obstante, en Honduras el puma es considerada, según análisis de su lista roja, en peligro (EN) y con poblaciones en disminución. El incremento de los asentamientos humanos, particularmente en las zonas rurales del país, modifican el paisaje, provocando la interrupción de los ecosistemas naturales y, como consecuencia, la reducción de los espacios disponibles para el puma. El Parque Nacional Azul Meámbar también lo padece, ya que más de 73 comunidades están localizadas dentro de sus fronteras. En este trabajo se presentan seis nuevos registros de puma para el Parque y se reportan presas potenciales ocurriendo en los sitios donde se registró la especie.
Spatial Differentiation of the Land and Nutrient Footprints for Kampala: Implications for Urban Food Sustainability
Authors: Asaba Joyfred , Isolo Mukwaya Paul , Lwasa Shauib , Bamutaze Yazidhi , Omolo Fredrick 
Published: September 2024

Rapid urban growth, together with an increase in urban food demand and rural-urban food flows, effectively transfer the urban footprint to the surrounding cities. In Uganda, where fast urban growth is evident, data on the resultant foodprint is sparse. To bridge this gap in knowledge, this paper quantitatively analyses the flows of the rural-urban cooking banana (matooke) to Kampala, Uganda, and the embedded land and nutrient footprints. Food freight surveys involving interviews with food truck drivers and field measurements were used to obtain data on quantities of banana flow to ten purposively sampled city markets. The results confirm that 88.5% of Kampala’s banana inflows are sourced from the Ankole sub-region. Disaggregation of the flows by season revealed a 52% fall in banana supplies to the city during the wet season. The calculated annual land footprint associated with the city’s banana inflows was 15,268 hectares. The hot spots for NPK nutrient mining are in the Ankole region, including mean daily losses of 362.29±29.13Kg (K), 104.66±8.42Kg (N) and 4.03±0.32Kg(P). The ANOVA results exhibited significant differences (P˂0.05) in the cooking banana land and nutrient footprints between the source regions and concerning the dry and wet seasons, except for the Rwenzori, Kigezi, and Bunyoro sub-regions pertaining to the land footprint and Buganda, Tooro, and Bunyoro as regards the nutrient footprint. These results emphasise the intense rural nutrient mining that is associated with urban food consumption. Thus, to guarantee sustainable matooke production, there is a need to establish waste diversion strategies that enable nutrient recycling back to rural farms.
Bauran Pemasaran Usaha Pengolahan Ubi Kayu Menjadi Tepung Mocaf di KWT Sedap Malam Kota Bandar Lampung
Authors: Ulfah Maria , Tantriadisti Shinta , Pratiwi Dita , Andarwangi Tunjung 
Published: September 2024

Mocaf merupakan tepung singkong yang diproses melalui fermentasi dengan menggunakan mikroba seperti Rhizopus oryzae dan khamir (Saccharomyces cerevisae). KWT Sedap Malam merupakan salah satu KWT di Bandar Lampung yang memproduksi tepung mocaf. Pengolahan ubi kayu menjadi tepung mocaf di KWT sedap malam dilandasi oleh kekhawatiran masyarakat akan tingginya impor gandum untuk membuat tepung terigu, sehingga dibuat alternatif produk berupa tepung mocaf. Persaingan di dunia bisnis semakin lama semakin mengalami peningkatan baik dari variasi produk, brand, maupun kualitas dari setiap pelaku usaha. Tujuan penelitian ini, yaitu menganalisis bauran pemasaran pengolahan ubi kayu menjadi tepung mocaf di KWT Sedap Malam. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai Juli 2023 di KWT Sedap Malam Kota Bandar Lampung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode studi kasus. Metode analisis data yang digunakan untuk menjawab tujuan terkait analisis bauran pemasaran tepung mocaf di KWT Sedap Malam yaitu menggunakan teori 4P yaitu Product (produk ), Price ( harga ), Place (tempat/ saluran distribusi) dan Promotion (promosi ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bauran pemasaran 4P (Product, Place, Price, Promotion) produk tepung mocaf yang diproduksi KWT Sedap Malam belum memiliki merek khusus dalam membentuk image brandingnya. Tempat berjualan (place) tepung mocaf KWT Sedap Malam baru berada di satu platform social media (Instagram). Harga (price) yang ditawarkan oleh KWT Sedap Malam untuk produk tepung mocafnya masih berada di atas harga pesaing. Promosi (promotion) yang dilakukan oleh KWT Sedap malam dilakukan melalui akun Instagram.
Effect of Manure Dosage on the Growth and Yield of Bambara Beans through a Multilocation Test
Authors: Sambodo Reo , Setyoko Agus , Sudrajat Ajat 
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the suitability and productivity level of Bambara beans in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, especially to determine and examine the effect of the use of organic fertilizer from livestock manure on the growth and yield of Bambara beans. The implementation of the study involved a multi-location test of Bambara bean cultivation in three subdistricts, namely Tempel, Sedayu, and Cangkringan. In these three areas, manure was applied with 3 dose variations, namely 10 tons/Ha, 20 tons/ha and 30 tons/ha. The study was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) where each treatment was carried out with 3 replication plots. The test results showed that the dose of manure was not significantly different from the production of Bambara beans. Therefore, a dose of manure of 10 tons/ha can be recommended to achieve higher economic benefits in Bambara bean cultivation. In addition, based on the evaluation of the growth phase and plant yield, the location of Bambara bean planting in Tempel gave higher yields compared to Sedayu and Cangkringan. Bambara bean cultivation in Tempel can produce 686.45 g/plot. Keywords: Bambara beans, Growth, Multilocation test, Organic fertilizer, Yield.
Encouraging counsellors to engage in collaborative practice-based research (PBR).
Authors: Manthei Robert 
Published: September 2024

Increasing research productivity among practicing counsellors has long been an aim of the New Zealand Association of Counsellors as evidenced by several articles addressing the topic published in the New Zealand Journal of Counselling over the last 20 years. Similarly, in a profession increasingly pressured to be more accountable, it is no longer considered good enough for counsellors and counselling agencies merely to espouse the "art of counselling" perspective in justifying their practices. Instead, researching counselling, especially counselling impact, is vital to the wider acceptance of the profession. Such research depends, in large part, on encouraging more counsellors to participate in researching their own casework, either as individuals or as a member of a research team or group. This article references two examples of the second of those options (specifically, collaboration between a counsellor in private practice and outside researchers) to demonstrate that even rudimentary collaboration between counsellors and researchers can produce useful knowledge about the process and impact of counselling and can have positive effects on a counsellor's practice. Increased collaboration of this sort is one way to fulfil the need for counsellors and researchers to generate more practice-based research (PBR), especially outcome research (Sexton et al., 1997).