bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of submandibular gland metastatic to great toes: case report and literature review
Authors: Rafael Oana C. , Paul Doru , Chen Sheng , Kraus Dennis 
Published: July 2016

Key Clinical MessageAdenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant tumor of the salivary glands, with higher frequency in the submandibular gland, a prolonged clinical course, and poor long‐term survival. It tends to metastasize to lungs, bone, liver, brain, and rarely to skin. Comprehensive skin examination and appropriate follow‐up is recommended, since cutaneous metastasis represents disease progression, requiring management and prognosis adjustment.
Oxidative Dehydrogenation of a C4 Raffinate‐2 towards 1,3‐Butadiene in a Two‐Zone Fluidized Bed
Authors: Rischard Julius , Antinori Claudia , Deutschmann Olaf 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe oxidative dehydrogenation of a C4 raffinate‐2 consisting of n‐butane, 1‐butene, and 2‐butene was conducted in a two‐zone fluidized bed reactor using a Mo‐V‐MgO catalyst. This study reports the influence of the operating conditions temperature, hydrocarbon inlet height, and oxygen/hydrocarbon molar ratio on the product distribution, in particular on the formation of 1,3‐butadiene. Axial concentration profiles were measured to elucidate the reaction sequence in the fluidized bed.
Hedgehog Proteins Consume Steroidal CYP17A1 Antagonists: Potential Therapeutic Significance in Advanced Prostate Cancer
Authors: Bordeau Brandon M. , Ciulla Daniel A. , Callahan Brian P. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAbiraterone, a potent inhibitor of the human enzyme CYP17A1 (cytochrome P450c17), provides a last line of defense against ectopic androgenesis in advanced prostate cancer. Herein we report an unprecedented off‐target interaction between abiraterone and oncogenic hedgehog proteins. Our experiments indicate that abiraterone and its structural congener, galeterone, can replace cholesterol as a substrate in a specialized biosynthetic event of hedgehog proteins, known as cholesterolysis. The off‐target reaction generates covalent hedgehog–drug conjugates. Cell‐based reporter assays indicate that these conjugates activate hedgehog signaling when present in the low nanomolar range. Because hedgehog signaling is implicated in prostate cancer progression, and abiraterone is administered to treat advanced stages of the disease, this off‐target interaction may have therapeutic significance.
Role of the Bulky Aryloxy Group at the Non‐Peripheral Position of Phthalocyanines for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Tejerina Lara , Martínez‐Díaz M. Victoria , Nazeeruddin Mohammad K. , Grätzel Michael , Torres Tomas 
Published: July 2016

AbstractTo date β‐aryloxy‐substituted designs have led to the best results in phthalocyanine‐sensitized solar cells (Pc‐SCs) because of their low aggregation properties. By incorporating the bulky semiflexible 2,6‐diphenylphenoxy group at three α‐positions of the Pc, different regioisomers were separated by column chromatography and their photovoltaic performance was thoroughly studied. Efficiencies in the range of 1.9–4.1 % were found, thus demonstrating the importance of the steric interaction between the substituents and the semiconductor surface, also in the case of bulky semiflexible substituents. It was discovered that regioisomers which presented greater steric hindrance around the anchoring group, had lower adsorption densities, and, consequently, lower short‐circuit photocurrents (Jsc) and efficiencies.
Chronic Illness‐Related Shame: Development of a New Scale and Novel Approach for IBD Patients' Depressive Symptomatology
Authors: Trindade Inês A. , Ferreira Cláudia , Pinto‐Gouveia José 
Published: July 2016

The aims of the present study were to develop and validate a scale specifically focused on shame feelings derived from chronic illness‐related experiences, the Chronic Illness‐related Shame Scale (CISS) and to fill a gap in literature and analyse the role of this construct in the association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptomatology and depressed mood.This study comprised two samples: a sample of 161 IBD patients and a mixed sample of 65 chronic patients that reported medical data and completed self‐report measures.The CISS's unidimensional seven‐item structure was evaluated through confirmatory factor analyses. These analyses revealed good to excellent global and local adjustments in both samples. Results also showed that the CISS presents excellent internal consistencies and convergent, concurrent and divergent validity, being a valid, short and robust scale. Furthermore, the present study explored through path analyses, the role of CISS and self‐judgement in the relationship between IBD symptomatology and depressed mood. Results showed that, although the level of IBD symptomatology directly predicted patients' depressive symptoms, the majority of this effect was mediated by CISS and self‐judgement. Possible explanations for these findings are discussed in more detail in the succeeding text.The present study seems to highlight the pertinence of developing IBD patients' self‐compassionate abilities to adaptively deal with symptomatology and related shame feelings. It thus may represent an avenue for the development of compassionate‐based interventions for IBD patients and for the conduction of future studies exploring the shame phenomenon in other chronic illnesses. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner MessageA new measure, the Chronic Illness‐related Shame Scale (CISS), was developedCISS was revealed to be robust instrument in samples of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and cancer patientsCISS and self‐judgement mediate the relationship between IBD symptomatology and depressed moodThis model presented an excellent adjustment and explained 55% of depressed mood's varianceResults suggest that treatment programmes for IBD should include compassionate‐based interventions
Revisiting streamside trees that do not use stream water: can the two water worlds hypothesis and snowpack isotopic effects explain a missing water source?
Authors: Bowling David R. , Schulze Emily S. , Hall Steven J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe revisit a classic ecohydrological study that showed streamside riparian trees in a semiarid mountain catchment did not use perennial stream water. The original study suggested that mature individuals of Acer negundo, Acer grandidentatum, and other species were dependent on water from “deeper strata,” possibly groundwater. We used a dual stable isotope approach (δ18O and δ2H) to further examine the water sources of these trees. We tested the hypothesis that groundwater was the main tree water source, but found that neither groundwater nor stream water matched the isotope composition of xylem water during two growing seasons. Soil water (0–1 m depth) was closest to and periodically overlapped with xylem water isotope composition, but overall, xylem water was isotopically enriched compared to all measured water sources. The “two water worlds” hypothesis postulates that soil water comprises isotopically distinct mobile and less mobile pools that do not mix, potentially explaining this disparity. We further hypothesized that isotopic effects during snowpack metamorphosis impart a distinct isotope signature to the less mobile soil water that supplies summer transpiration. Depth trends in water isotopes following snowmelt were consistent with the two water worlds hypothesis, but snow metamorphic isotope effects could not explain the highly enriched xylem water. Thus, the dual isotope approach did not unambiguously determine the water source(s) of these riparian trees. Further exploration of physical, geochemical, and biological mechanisms of water isotope fractionation and partitioning is necessary to resolve these data, highlighting critical challenges in the isotopic determination of plant water sources.
National parks in the easternUnitedStates harbor important older forest structure compared with matrix forests
Authors: Miller Kathryn M. , Dieffenbach Fred W. , Campbell J. Patrick , Cass Wendy B. , Comiskey James A. , Matthews Elizabeth R. , McGill Brian J. , Mitchell Brian R. , Perles Stephanie J. , Sanders Suzanne , Schmit John Paul , Smith Stephen , Weed Aaron S. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe analyzed land‐cover and forest vegetation data from nearly 25,000 permanent plots distributed across 50 national parks in the eastern United States, along with the matrix around each park, to examine structural characteristics of park forests in relation to their surrounding landscape. Over 2000 of these plots are part of the National Park Service (NPS) Inventory and Monitoring Program (I&M), and the remaining 22,500+ plots are part of the US Forest Service (USFS) Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program. This is the first study to compare forest structure in protected lands with the surrounding forest matrix over such a large area of the United States and is only possible because of the 10+ years of data that are now publicly available fromUSFS‐FIAandNPSI&M. Results of this study indicate that park forests, where logging is largely prohibited, preserve areas of regionally significant older forest habitat. Park forests consistently had greater proportions of late‐successional forest, greater live tree basal area, greater densities of live and dead large trees, and considerably larger volume of coarse woody debris. Park forests also had lower tree growth and mortality rates than matrix forests, suggesting different forest dynamics between park and matrix forests. The divergent patterns we observed between matrix and park forests were similar to those reported in studies that compared managed and old‐growth forests, although the differences in our study were less pronounced. With the majority of park forests in second growth, eastern parks may be a more realistic baseline to compare with the more intensively managed matrix forests. We recommend that park managers allow natural disturbance and the development of older structure to continue in park forests. In addition, long‐term maintenance of regional biodiversity will likely require increases in older forest structure in the matrix. As theNPSmoves into its next century of land preservation, we encourage managers to consider parks important components of a larger regional effort to preserve biodiversity and ecosystem processes in easternUSforests. The data collected byNPSI&M programs will continue to provide important information and guidance toward these regional conservation efforts.
Optimal training for non‐feedback adaptive modulation over Rayleigh fading channels
Authors: Zeineddine Khalid , Hammoud Hussein , Abou‐Faycal Ibrahim 
Published: July 2016

AbstractTime‐varying fading channels present a major challenge in the design of wireless communication systems. Adaptive schemes are often employed to adapt the transmission parameters to receiver‐based estimates of the quality of the channel. We consider a pilot‐based adaptive modulation scheme without the use of a feedback link. In this scheme, pilot tones (known by sender and receiver) are periodically sent through the channel for the purpose of channel estimation and coherent demodulation of data symbols at the receiver. We optimise the duration and power allocation of these pilot symbols to maximise the information‐theoretic achievable rates using binary signaling. We analyze four transmission policies and numerically show how optimal training in terms of duration and power allocation varies with the channel conditions and from one transmission policy to another. We prove that for a causal estimation scheme with flexible power allocation, placing all the available power on one pilot is optimal. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Competing risks analysis of cause‐specific mortality in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Läärä Esa , Korpi Jarkko T. , Pitkänen Hanna , Alho Olli‐Pekka , Kantola Saara 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundSurvival studies on head and neck cancers are frequently reported with inadequate account for competing causes of death. Realistic descriptions and predictions of postdiagnosis mortality should be based on proper competing risks methodology.MethodsPrognosis of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in terms of mortality from OSCC and from other causes, respectively, was analyzed according to recent methodological recommendations using cumulative incidence functions and models for cause‐specific hazards and subdistribution hazards in 306 patients treated in a tertiary care center in Northern Finland.ResultsMore coherent and informative descriptions and predictions of mortality by cause were obtained with state‐of‐the‐art statistical methods for competing risks than using the prevalent but questionable practice to graph “disease‐specific survival.”ConclusionFrom the patients' perspective, proper competing risks analysis offers more relevant prognostic scenarios than naïve analyses of “disease‐specific survival”; therefore, it should be used in prognostic studies of head and neck cancers. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Head Neck 39: 56–62, 2017
Transcervical resection of tracheal diverticulum
Authors: Huang Dayu , Ma Qinyun , Wang Shaohua , Ouyang Qi , Chen Xiaofeng 
Published: July 2016

AbstractTracheal diverticulum is a clinical entity rarely reported in the literature. It can be congenital or acquired in origin, and most cases are asymptomatic, usually being discovered incidentally at CT scan. Therefore, treatment has not been widely reported. We present the case of a 30‐year‐old man with a 6‐month history of repeatedly coughing and tracheobronchitis. CT scanning revealed the lesion. The patient underwent surgical resection of the tracheal diverticulum via a transcervical approach. Symptoms resolved after surgical treatment. Reexamination of the neck, chest, trachea, and lungs of the patient was performed with CT scan postoperative. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 187–190, 2017
Glycosaminoglycan chemical exchange saturation transfer in human lumbar intervertebral discs: Effect of saturation pulse and relationship with low back pain
Authors: Wada Tatsuhiro , Togao Osamu , Tokunaga Chiaki , Funatsu Ryohei , Yamashita Yasuo , Kobayashi Kouji , Nakamura Yasuhiko , Honda Hiroshi 
Published: July 2016

PurposeTo evaluate the dependence of saturation pulse power and duration on glycosaminoglycan chemical exchange saturation transfer (gagCEST) imaging and assess the degeneration of human lumbar intervertebral discs (IVDs) using this method.Materials and MethodsAll images were acquired on a 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. The CEST effects were measured in the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) phantoms with different concentrations. In the human study, CEST effects were measured in the nucleus pulposus of IVD. We compared the CEST effects among the different saturation pulse powers (0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 μT) or durations (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 sec) at each Pfirrmann grade (I–V). The relationship between the CEST effects and low back pain was also evaluated.ResultsThe phantom study showed high correlations between the CEST effects and GAG concentration (R2 = 0.863, P < 0.0001, linear regression). In the human study, the CEST effect obtained with the 0.8 μT power was significantly greater than those obtained with 0.4 (P < 0.01) and 1.6 μT power (P < 0.05) at Pfirrmann grade I. The CEST effect obtained with a 1.0‐sec duration was significantly greater than those derived with 0.5 and 2.0 sec (P < 0.01) durations at Pfirrmann grades I and II. The CEST effects in the group with moderate low back pain were significantly lower than those in the groups without pain (P < 0.001) and with mild pain (P = 0.0216).ConclusionThe contrast of gagCEST imaging in the lumbar IVDs varied with saturation pulse power and duration. GagCEST imaging may serve as a tool for evaluating IVD degeneration in the lumbar spine.Level of Evidence: 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:863–871.
Fruit quality assessment of watermelons grafted onto citron melon rootstock
Authors: Fredes Alejandro , Roselló Salvador , Beltrán Joaquim , Cebolla‐Cornejo Jaime , Pérez‐de‐Castro Ana , Gisbert Carmina , Picó María Belén 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe grafting of watermelons (Citrullus lanatus) is a common technique that increases yield under stressful soil conditions. The most common rootstocks for watermelons are Cucurbita hybrids. However, they often have a negative impact on fruit quality. Exploiting novel Citrullus germplasm such as citron melon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) is an alternative to avoid these quality problems.RESULTSCitron melon has been validated as watermelon rootstock, comparing its effects on watermelon quality to those of Cucurbita hybrids. Larger fruits with thicker rinds were observed in fruits from plants grafted onto both citron and Cucurbita rootstocks. The citron melon had no significant effect on flesh sugars or acid profiles compared to non‐grafted watermelons, except for an increase in glucose and malic acid content, which also occurred in the Cucurbita rootstocks. The aroma profile of fruits produced on citron melon was similar to that of the non‐grafted and self‐grafted controls. The citron rootstock did not display the increased levels of (Z)‐6‐nonen‐1‐ol (a compound associated with pumpkin‐like odors) found in fruits produced with Cucurbita hybrids.CONCLUSIONThe low impact of citron melon rootstock on fruit quality, along with the enhanced resistance against nematodes, make the citron a promising alternative to Cucurbita rootstocks. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Tumor heterogeneity measured on F‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography combined with plasma Epstein‐Barr Virus load predicts prognosis in patients with primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Chan Sheng‐Chieh , Chang Kai‐Ping , Fang Yu‐Hua Dean , Tsang Ngan‐Ming , Ng Shu‐Hang , Hsu Cheng‐Lung , Liao Chun‐Ta , Yen Tzu‐Chen 
Published: July 2016

Objectives/HypothesisPlasma Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) DNA concentrations predict prognosis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Recent evidence also indicates that intratumor heterogeneity on F‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F‐FDG PET) scans is predictive of treatment outcomes in different solid malignancies. Here, we sought to investigate the prognostic value of heterogeneity parameters in patients with primary NPC.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsWe examined 101 patients with primary NPC who underwent pretreatment 18F‐FDG PET/computed tomography. Circulating levels of EBV DNA were measured in all participants. The following PET heterogeneity parameters were collected: histogram‐based heterogeneity parameters, second‐order texture features (uniformity, contrast, entropy, homogeneity, dissimilarity, inverse difference moment), and higher‐order (coarseness, contrast, busyness, complexity, strength) texture features.ResultsThe median follow‐up time was 5.14 years. Total lesion glycolysis (TLG), tumor heterogeneity measured by histogram‐based parameter skewness, and the majority of second‐order or higher‐order texture features were significantly associated with overall survival (OS) and/or recurrence‐free survival (RFS). In multivariate analysis, age (P =.005), EBV DNA load (P = .0002), and uniformity (P = .001) independently predicted OS. Only skewness retained the independent prognostic significance for RFS. Tumor stage, standardized uptake value, or TLG did not show an independent association with survival endpoints. The combination of uniformity, EBV DNA load, and age resulted in a more reliable prognostic stratification (P < .001).ConclusionsTumor heterogeneity is superior to traditional PET parameters for predicting outcomes in primary NPC. The combination of uniformity with EBV DNA load can improve prognostic stratification in this clinical entity.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 127:E22–E28, 2017
Synthesis and Gas Storage Application of Hierarchically Porous Materials
Authors: Lu Chunjing , Ben Teng , Qiu Shilun 
Published: July 2016

Porous organic frameworks (POFs) have been synthesized by Yamamoto‐type Ullmann cross‐coupling reaction using tetrakis (4‐bromophenyl) methane (TBPM) and poly‐4‐bromostyrene (PBS) as monomers. Among these POFs, JUC‐Z13 synthesized solely from PBS is found to be microporous (1.27 nm) and SBET = 372 m2 g−1, and copolymerization with TBPM results in POFs with apparent surface areas up to 3137 m2 g−1 and pore size up to 1.41 nm. Interestingly, JUC‐Z14 and JUC‐Z15 show hierarchical porosity. Low pressure gas uptake experiments on activated JUC‐Z13‐JUC‐Z19 show enhanced gas storage capacities and isosteric heats of sorption (Qst) among porous materials.
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Improving the reproducibility of motor unit number index
Authors: Escorcio‐Bezerra Marcio Luiz , Oliveira Acary Souza Bulle , De Oliveira Braga Nadia Iandoli , Manzano Gilberto Mastrocola 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Reproducibility is an important aspect of any method intended to be a marker of disease progression. In this study we investigated approaches for improving motor unit number index (MUNIX) reproducibility. Methods: We used the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the coefficient of variation (CV) to study reproducibility in healthy subjects. We tested reproducibility between test and retest of a single MUNIX from 3 different muscles (S‐MUNIX) and also of the mean of a set of 3 measurements from these same muscles (M‐MUNIX). Results: M‐MUNIX was more reproducible than S‐MUNIX. The CV showed a greater improvement than the ICC in all 3 muscles. Conclusions: M‐MUNIX may be a valuable approach for following motor unit loss, because it is more replicable than MUNIX. This may be especially relevant in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients, in whom MUNIX variability is higher than in healthy individuals. Muscle Nerve, 2016 Muscle Nerve 55: 635–638, 2017
Anthropometric predictors of body fat in a large population of 9‐year‐old school‐aged children
Authors: Almeida Sílvia M , Furtado José M , Mascarenhas Paulo , Ferraz Maria E , Silva Luís R , Ferreira José C , Monteiro Mariana , Vilanova Manuel , Ferraz Fernando P 
Published: July 2016

SummaryObjectiveTo develop and cross‐validate predictive models for percentage body fat (%BF) from anthropometric measurements [including BMI z‐score (zBMI) and calf circumference (CC)] excluding skinfold thickness.MethodsA descriptive study was carried out in 3,084 pre‐pubertal children. Regression models and neural network were developed with %BF measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) as the dependent variables and age, sex and anthropometric measurements as independent predictors.ResultsAll %BF grade predictive models presented a good global accuracy (≥91.3%) for obesity discrimination. Both overfat/obese and obese prediction models presented respectively good sensitivity (78.6% and 71.0%), specificity (98.0% and 99.2%) and reliability for positive or negative test results (≥82% and ≥96%). For boys, the order of parameters, by relative weight in the predictive model, was zBMI, height, waist‐circumference‐to‐height‐ratio (WHtR) squared variable (_Q), age, weight, CC_Q and hip circumference (HC)_Q (adjusted r2 = 0.847 and RMSE = 2.852); for girls it was zBMI, WHtR_Q, height, age, HC_Q and CC_Q (adjusted r2 = 0.872 and RMSE = 2.171).Conclusion%BF can be graded and predicted with relative accuracy from anthropometric measurements excluding skinfold thickness. Fitness and cross‐validation results showed that our multivariable regression model performed better in this population than did some previously published models.