bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Stochastic Simulation of Daily Cash and Futures Cotton Prices
Authors: Bailey DeeVon , Brorsen B. Wade , Richardson James W. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA dynamic model of daily cash and futures prices for cotton was developed using time series analysis. The time series model was included in a recursive Monte Carlo simulation model. Validation of the model was performed with a stochastic, dynamic simulation of the estimated model over the observation period 1975-1982 and with a static, deterministic out-of-sample forecast from December 9, 1981 through March 9, 1982. The model was then used to incorporate futures trading strategies into a policy simulation model.
A Discriminant Analysis of Grain Market Structure in Selected States of the South and Cornbelt
Authors: Dean Baldwin E. , Thraen Cameron S. , Larson Donald W. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractScherer's industrial organization model is modified to characterize the grain marketing system. The modified model identifies the important relationships between economic characteristics and the type of grain facilities found in three states; Alabama, Illinois, and Ohio. Multivariate linear discriminant analysis is used to identify the important basic supply, demand, and transportation variables within and among these states. It is concluded that the structural differences among selected grain marketing regions can be explained by regional differences in basic supply, demand, and transportation variables. The findings suggest that Scherer's industrial organization model can be adapted to explain the diverse structure of the grain marketing system in selected states.
Demand Interrelationships Among Fruit Beverages
Authors: Lee Jonq-Ying 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn this study, both the Rotterdam model and the double logarithmic model were used to estimate the demand parameters for fruit beverages. The results show that: (1) under the conditions of block-independence and predetermined price changes, the Slutsky matrix for fruit beverages is symmetric and negative definite; (2) own-price elasticity estimates from both models are about the same; and (3) income elasticity estimates and cross-product relationships from the two models are not compatible.
Economic Thresholds Under Uncertainty with Application to Corn Nematode Management
Authors: Moffitt L. Joe , Hall Darwin C. , Osteen Craig D. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAn economic threshold of agricultural pest management is derived. Results provide a method for researchers to use in making improved pest control recommendations to farmers without farm level decisionmaking. An empirical illustration for lesion nematode management in irrigated corn is given and directions for further research are indicated.
Soil Conservation or Commodity Programs: Trade Offs During the Transition to Dryland Crop Production
Authors: Lee John G. , Lacewell Ronald D. , Richardson James W. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPredicted crop yields and wind erosion rates from a multi-year/multi-crop growth simulation model provided input into a multi-period recursive QP model to evaluate erosion implications during the transition to dryland crop production on the Texas Southern High Plains. Three farm-program participation options were considered in this study. Participation in an extension of the current farm program resulted in an increase in net returns and wind erosion rates above nonparticipation. Imposition of a soil loss limit without consideration of a flexible base option can significantly reduce discounted present values. Increasing risk aversion across producers affects crop mix selection which can result in lower per acre wind erosion rates for this particular region.
Swine Breeding Systems: A Stochastic Evaluation with Implications for Emerging Technology
Authors: Massey Raymond E. , Williams Joseph E. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe after-tax net present value for 27 swine breeding systems composed of Duroc, Hampshire, and Yorkshire breeds were simulated and ordered using stochastic dominance analysis. The concept of the value of information was expanded to develop the concept of the willingness to pay to adopt a new technology. For producers not currently using the dominant system, estimates of the allowable present value cost of adoption are reported and used to explain diverse production practices.
Effects of an Export Subsidy on the U.S. Cotton Industry
Authors: Duffy Patricia A. , Wohlgenant Michael K. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn this study, the effects of an export subsidy for cotton are analyzed using a linear elasticity model. The study explicitly addresses the interaction of current domestic policies with the proposed export subsidy. An export subsidy may be a successful method of reducing the government costs of the cotton program.
Market Structure and Spatial Price Dynamics
Authors: Brorsen B. Wade , Chavas Jean-Paul , Grant Warren R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA method was developed with time series models to test hypotheses about the relationship between market structure and spatial price dynamics. Long-run dynamic multipliers measuring the magnitude of lagged adjustment for spatial milled rice prices were calculated from the time series model and used as the dependent variable in a regression model that included a number of factors expected to influence price determination. Results show that price adjustments were slower as regional submarket concentration increased and were faster in the regions with a higher market share. Arkansas, the state with the largest market share, was consistently a price leader.
Effect of Generic Advertising on the Demand for Fluid Milk: The Case of the Texas Market Order
Authors: Capps Oral , Schmitz John D. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis analysis indicates that generic advertising expenditures,ceteris paribus, generated rightward shifts in demand for fluid milk in the Texas Market Order over the period January 1980 to September 1988. Generally, the results from this study are in agreement with previous research efforts which suggest that generic advertising can increase the demand for fluid milk. Importantly, in this analysis, the impacts of television and radio advertising have been effectively disentangled. Television advertising generates a response that wears off more quickly than radio advertising. Also, the long-run effect of radio advertising is about 1.75 times greater than the long-run effect of television advertising.
Estimating External Costs of Municipal Landfill Siting Through Contingent Valuation Analysis: A Case Study
Authors: Roberts Roland K. , Douglas Peggy V. , Park William M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMuch of the solid waste stream in the United States is generated by metropolitan areas, while associated landfills are often located in adjacent rural communities. Landfill disposal of municipal solid waste often creates external costs to nearby residents. Contingent valuation was used to estimate external costs of siting a landfill in the Carter community of Knox County, Tennessee. Estimates of annual external costs were $227 per household. Household income, size, years in the community, and distance from the proposed landfill and the respondent's education, sex, and perception of health risks were important in determining a household's willingness to pay to avoid having a landfill in the Carter community. Also, households whose (drinking water supplies were at risk of contamination were willing to pay $141 more than those who used piped city water or bottled water.
A Stochastic Dominance Analysis of Contract Grazing Feeder Cattle
Authors: Johnson Frank , Spreen Thomas H. , Hewitt Timothy 
Published: February 2017

AbstractContract grazing feeder cattle is an arrangement where cattle owned by one party graze forage produced on land owned by another party. The forage producer is paid a fixed price per pound gained. Stochastic dominance analysis is used to compare contract grazing and the more traditional system in which the same individual owns both the cattle and land.
Regional Impact of Urban Water Use on Irrigated Agriculture
Authors: Lee John G. , Lacewell Ronald D. , Ozuna Teofilo , Jones Lonnie L. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractLinear programming and regional input-output models were applied to estimate the impacts of increased pumping costs for irrigated agriculture due to groundwater depletion principally caused by the expanding urban area of San Antonio, Texas. A biophysical simulator was used to estimate linear programming coefficients of crop yield by irrigation level and timing. The results indicate significant local (county) economic impacts from groundwater mining but insignificant regional impacts. A major improvement in irrigation efficiency would be required to offset the increased pumping costs and reduced water availability associated with increased lifts due to urban expansion.
A Discrete Stochastic Programming Model to Estimate Optimal Burning Schedules on Rangeland
Authors: Garoian L. , Conner J. R. , Scifres C. J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMacartney rose is a range management problem on 500,000 acres of rangeland in Texas. Roller chopping followed by burning is an effective method of improving infested rangeland. However, uncertainty associated with implementing effective burns adversely affects economic feasibility of the treatment sequence. Discrete stochastic programming is used to determine optimal burning schedules under uncertainty. Optimal schedules and expected net returns vary with changes in the probability of a successful burn.
A Producer-Level Cross-Hedge for Rough Rice Using Wheat Futures
Authors: Zacharias Thomas P. , Lange Mark D. , Gleason William J. , Traylor Harlon D. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis study explores the potential of routine preharvest cross-hedging of rough rice using wheat futures contract prices. A numerical simulation approach combined with risk efficiency analysis evaluates a wide range of cross-hedging alternatives. Results establish that farm-level cross-hedging can be considered a viable marketing alternative.
Evaluation of Various Pest-Management Characteristics
Authors: Smith G. Scott , Wetzstein Michael E. , Douce G. Keith 
Published: February 2017

AbstractConsidering pest management in terms of a set of technology characteristics allows an investigation of various pest-management characteristics and how they relate to a total pest-management package. Employing restricted and unrestricted least squares in this investigation indicates the unique impact individual pest-management characteristics exert on net returns. A Stein-rule estimator is also employed in assessing this impact.
Price Determination in the U.S. Shrimp Market
Authors: Adams Charles M. , Prochaska Fred J. , Spreen Thomas H. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe monthly and quarterly price determination processes for 31–40 and 21–25 size classes of raw-headless shrimp were examined to determine price leadership between market levels. Causal relationships were assessed using Haugh-Pierce, Sims, and Granger methods. Price models at the retail, wholesale, and exvessel market levels were estimated. Economic factors analyzed were income, prices of competing products, landings and imports of raw headless shrimp, total retail supply, beginning stocks, and marketing costs.Monthly prices generally exhibited unidirectional causality from exvessel to retail price. Quarterly prices were determined interdependently among market levels. Price responses between market levels were found to be symmetric with beginning stocks, landings, and imports of own-size shrimp the most important determinants of price.
An Analysis of Factors that Affect the Quality of Federal Land Bank Loans
Authors: Hardy William E. , Spurlock Stanley R. , Parrish Donnie R. , Benoist Lee A. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractFinancial conditions existing in agriculture are placing severe pressure on lenders as well as borrowers. Data from both good and foreclosed Federal Land Bank loans were analyzed to determine the most important characteristics leading to the failure of loans. The analysis was completed by comparing means through t-tests and the development of a discriminant model. The ratio of total debt service to total income, the debt to asset ratio, the ratio of total loan amount to appraised value, and the ratio of acres in security to acres owned were determined to be the most important discriminating variables.
A Microcomputer Analysis of Farm Financial Performance
Authors: Schnitkey Gary D. , Barry Peter J. , Ellinger Paul N. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis article describes the properties of the Farm Financial Simulation Model (FFSM). FFSM is a tool for analyzing the financial consequences of various managerial strategies and policy options that may be implemented in responding to farm financial stress. Various farm types from different geographical regions having differing enterprises, financial structures, tenure arrangements, and consumption patterns can be analyzed. The emphasis of FFSM is placed on modeling a farm's profitability, liquidity, solvency, and financial position and the model produces a coordinated set of financial statements and an extensive set of financial ratios over a four-year period.
Educating The Undergraduate Agribusiness Major
Authors: Vandeveer Lonnie R. , Guedry Leo J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractUndergraduate programs in agribusiness education have attracted much interest in recent years. Many university facilities have developed agribusiness educational programs and others are considering the development of such programs. As these programs evolve throughout the country, there are many questions which relate to the structure and future directions of these educational efforts. A review of the issues related to agribusiness program development is presented. A planning process that can be used to focus on the many agribusiness educational issues and provide insight into agribusiness program development is outlined.
Designing Graduate Education For Agribusiness Students
Authors: Phillips Travis D. , Couvillion Warren C. , Daughtrey Zoel W. , Burckel Daryl V. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractFor several years, universities in the U.S. have been struggling with defining and refining undergraduate and graduate agribusiness education programs. With the release of the recommendations of the National Agribusiness Education Commission, the search for the key ingredients of a Masters-level program has intensified.Mississippi State University has been among those universities attempting to define the parameters of a “cutting edge” agribusiness program. Faculty interest within the College of Business and Industry and the Agricultural Economics Department to develop a joint program has precipitated intensive efforts to achieve this goal. A nationally recognized agribusiness group of six academic leaders served as a Cooperative State Research Service team to assess the University's potential, using the concept of an agribusiness institute as an integrating and management vehicle. Efforts in this direction have been aided by a USDA planning grant now moving into its second year. A survey of Mid-South agribusiness leaders indicates the interest of the industry in the development of the program. The final step is to address the logistical details required to convert the current Master of Agribusiness Management in the Department of Agricultural Economics to a jointly administered program of study.
Agribusiness And Extension: Characteristics Of Successful Programs To Serve A Rapidly Changing Clientele
Authors: Akridge Jay T. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe market for agribusiness extension activities and programming is diverse, intensely competitive, and national or international in scope. It is a market that agricultural economists cannot serve alone. Despite these complexities, a strong agribusiness extension effort is critical to the success of agribusiness research and teaching programs. Agribusiness extension opportunities include extending traditional agricultural economics research, small business management programs, economic/technical education programs, and management education. Keys for conducting successful agribusiness extension programs include understanding client needs, locating and employing the best instructional talent available, and flawless execution of the activity. Stimulating faculty interest in agribusiness extension is a major challenge. Most schools will have the opportunity to focus their traditional extension education efforts on the non-traditional agribusiness audience. A few schools will be successful in developing a new extension program emphasis in agribusiness management education. Both types of contributions are important for the long-run viability of the profession.
Why Do Farmers Forward Contract In Factor Markets?
Authors: Haydu John J. , Myers Robert J. , Thompson Stanley R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis study investigated farmers' incentive to forward purchase inputs. A model of farmer decision making was used to derive an optimal forward contracting rule. Explicit in the model was the tradeoff between the quantity of input to be purchased in advance, and the remaining portion to be purchased later on the spot market. Results indicated that the primary reasons farmers contract inputs are to reduce risk and to speculate on favorable price moves. A numerical example of fertilizer used in corn production indicated that the size of the price discount was the dominant factor in forward contracting decisions.
Measuring The Effect Of Capital Structure And Seasonality On Expected Returns And Risk: The Fresh Market Vegetable Case
Authors: Prevatt J. W. , Bauer L. L. , Kaiser E. H. , Rathwell P. J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe effect of capital structure and seasonality of fresh market vegetables was examined via the Target MOTAD model. The level of capital indebtedness and the selection of either a fall or spring season resulted in significantly different levels of enterprise mixes, expected returns, risk magnitudes, rates of change of risk magnitudes, and operating capital requirements. The fall season demonstrated larger initial levels of risk and larger increases in the level of risk due to increases in indebtedness. The spring season showed larger increases in risk between the minimum risk point and the maximum expected return point (linear programming solution) on the risk-efficient frontier. Operating capital requirements were substantially higher for the fall season than for the spring season. The operating capital requirements of the spring season were significantly affected by the level of indebtedness and the magnitude of risk selected by the grower, while the larger operating capital requirements of the fall season were only marginally affected.
Regional Acreage Response For U.S. Corn and Wheat: The Effects Of Government Programs
Authors: Chembezi Duncan M. , Womack Abner W. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis paper presents findings from an analytical scheme that offers a promising alternative to traditional procedures of modeling acreage response. The scheme addresses the two-step decision process in which program and nonprogram planting decisions are modeled separately, conditional on the decision to participate. This provides a more realistic and intuitive portrayal of producers' decision making process. The model is applied at the regional level to assess the impact of farm programs on acreage response for corn in the Cornbelt and Lake States, and for wheat in the Northern Plains. The impacts of policy variable changes on participation and planted acreage are also analyzed.
Non-Tariff Measures And Industrial Nation Imports Of Agricultural Products
Authors: Clark Don P. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTrade coverage ratios were calculated to assess the 1989 incidence of non-tariff measures (NTMs) on imports of agricultural products by major industrial nations. Overall, 36 percent of all food items were found to be covered by one or more NTM in the European Community. Corresponding figures for Japan and the United States were 59 and 17 percent, respectively. Imports of agricultural products confront a wide variety of NTMs in markets of industrial nations. Results of the analysis were used to shed light on prospects for reaching agreements on agricultural reform issues in the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations.
Target current: a useful parameter for characterizing laser ablation
Authors: Krása J. , Giuffreda E. , Delle Side D. , Nassisi V. , Klír D. , Cikhardt J. , Řezáč K. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA current flowing between the ground and target exposed to the nanosecond laser radiation is analyzed to complete characteristics of laser ablation. Three phases of the target current are distinguished. During the ignition phase, the electron emission is driven by the laser pulse and the positive charge generated on the target is balanced by electrons coming from the ground through the target holder. At post-pulse times, a peaked waveform of the target current is typical for the active phase of the plasma and can give information on the material composition of the ablated surface layers. The afterglow phase is determined by a current of electrons flowing from the target to the ground. Experiment shows that the time-resolved target current is very sensitive to the actual composition of the surface layer of irradiated target and laser parameters.
Human rights as social investment for Indigenous children and families: Putting history, culture and self-determination back into the equation
Authors: Bamblett Muriel , Lewis Peter 
Published: February 2017

While the emerging theory of ‘social investment’ offers an opportunity to advance the political discourse beyond the false dichotomy between economics and social justice, social investment for Indigenous children and families must be built on the awareness of the need to promote human rights, respect Indigenous cultures and address the historical conditions that create disadvantage.For many Indigenous children and families, mainstream Australian society fails to provide the conditions for social growth because it is built on systemic racism. In order to create the conditions for positive social engagement for Indigenous children and families, there needs to be a social investment framework which recognises that colonisation has impacted negatively on Indigenous social and economic capacity, and which builds on the strengths of Indigenous culture and respects the self-determining rights of Indigenous communities in order to re-build capacity.A holistic, cultural strengthening and self-determination/human rights-based framework is the best approach to ensure that Indigenous children have a better future and participate positively in Australian society without forfeiting cultural identity and integrity. A human rights and culturally respectful framework can facilitate a ‘meeting place’ where Indigenous cultures can engage with the dominant culture and positive partnerships for social investment can be developed.
Balancing contradictions: The experiences of biological children of foster families
Authors: Nuske Elaine 
Published: February 2017

This paper presents findings from a recent research project that provided an opportunity for the voices of a special group of young people to be heard. The biological children of foster families have rarely been the focus of foster care research. Their stories are used in this study to highlight individual experiences and, ultimately, to inform the practice of offering support to foster families.Twenty-two young people between the ages of nine and thirty-two were interviewed. Their stories told of life in a confusing and contradictory world of foster care. This paper presents, through the words of the young people, four essential themes that highlight these contradictions. These are: sharing and losing; being responsible and escaping; caring and resenting; shouting and keeping quiet. Recommendations are made to improve training and support to foster families.