bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Duration of prehospital and in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation and neurological outcome in paediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Yasuda Masato , Amagasa Shunsuke , Kashiura Masahiro , Yasuda Hideto , Uematsu Satoko 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundBecause of their young age and lack of known comorbidities, paediatric patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) often undergo prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). We aimed to determine the association between prehospital and in-hospital CPR duration and neurological outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of data from the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine-OHCA Registry for patients <18 years of age with OHCA between June 2014 and December 2019. All patients received prehospital CPR by emergency medical service (EMS). The aetiologies of arrest included traumatic and atraumatic causes. The primary outcome measure was a 1-month neurological outcome of moderate disability or better (Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category 1–3). We calculated the dynamic probability and cumulative proportion of 1-month moderate disability or better neurological outcomes. Dynamic probability calculates patient outcomes during CPR per min. We performed multivariate logistic regression analysis to explore the association between longer CPR duration (as an ordinal variable) and 1-month poorer neurological outcomes.ResultsAmong 1007 eligible children, 252 achieved return of spontaneous circulation and 53 had a 1-month moderate disability or better neurological outcome. The dynamic probability of a 1-month moderate disability or better neurological outcome dropped below 0.01 at 64 min (0.005, 95% CI 0.001 to 0.017). The cumulative proportion of a 1-month moderate disability or better neurological outcome exceeded 0.99 at 68 min (1, 95% CI 1 to 1). With increasing CPR time from CPR initiation by EMS, both crude and adjusted ORs for 1-month neurological outcomes gradually decreased.ConclusionUsing a large Japanese database of paediatric OHCA patients, we found that longer CPR duration was associated with a lower likelihood of a 1-month moderate disability or better neurological outcome. Less than 1% of paediatric patients exhibited 1-month moderate disability or better neurological outcomes when total CPR duration is more than 64 min.
QUAIDE - Quality assessment of AI preclinical studies in diagnostic endoscopy
Authors: Antonelli Giulio , Libanio Diogo , De Groof Albert Jeroen , van der Sommen Fons , Mascagni Pietro , Sinonquel Pieter , Abdelrahim Mohamed , Ahmad Omer , Berzin Tyler , Bhandari Pradeep , Bretthauer Michael , Coimbra Miguel , Dekker Evelien , Ebigbo Alanna , Eelbode Tom , Frazzoni Leonardo , Gross Seth A , Ishihara Ryu , Kaminski Michal Filip , Messmann Helmut , Mori Yuichi , Padoy Nicolas , Parasa Sravanthi , Pilonis Nastazja Dagny , Renna Francesco , Repici Alessandro , Simsek Cem , Spadaccini Marco , Bisschops Raf , Bergman Jacques J G H M , Hassan Cesare , Dinis Ribeiro Mario 
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) holds significant potential for enhancing quality of gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy, but the adoption of AI in clinical practice is hampered by the lack of rigorous standardisation and development methodology ensuring generalisability. The aim of the Quality Assessment of pre-clinical AI studies in Diagnostic Endoscopy (QUAIDE) Explanation and Checklist was to develop recommendations for standardised design and reporting of preclinical AI studies in GI endoscopy.The recommendations were developed based on a formal consensus approach with an international multidisciplinary panel of 32 experts among endoscopists and computer scientists. The Delphi methodology was employed to achieve consensus on statements, with a predetermined threshold of 80% agreement. A maximum three rounds of voting were permitted.Consensus was reached on 18 key recommendations, covering 6 key domains: data acquisition and annotation (6 statements), outcome reporting (3 statements), experimental setup and algorithm architecture (4 statements) and result presentation and interpretation (5 statements). QUAIDE provides recommendations on how to properly design (1. Methods, statements 1–14), present results (2. Results, statements 15–16) and integrate and interpret the obtained results (3. Discussion, statements 17–18).The QUAIDE framework offers practical guidance for authors, readers, editors and reviewers involved in AI preclinical studies in GI endoscopy, aiming at improving design and reporting, thereby promoting research standardisation and accelerating the translation of AI innovations into clinical practice.
Factors associated with a history of acute traumatic cycling injuries in 60 941 cycling race entrants in South Africa: SAFER study XLII
Authors: Jansen van Rensburg Bertus , Schwellnus Martin , Green Darren , Jansen van Rensburg Audrey , Jordaan Esme , Swanevelder Sonja , Sewry Nicola Ann 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundInformation on acute traumatic cycling injuries (ATCIs) in the 12 months prior to entry in a cycling race and the predisposing factors have not been well-researched.ObjectiveDetermine factors associated with a history of ATCIs sustained in the previous 12 months by race entrants of a 109 km cycling race.MethodsDescriptive, cross-sectional study on 60 941 Cape Town Cycle Tour race entrants from 2016 to 2020. Data on a history of ATCIs sustained in the previous 12 months were obtained through an online pre-race medical screening questionnaire (mandatory in 2016, and voluntary in 2017–2020). Factors investigated were demographics, cycling/training history and history of chronic disease, collapse, cramping, allergies and regular chronic prescription medication usage. We calculated the prevalence ratio (PR) for reporting a history of an ATCI in the previous 12 months for each category (multiple regression model).ResultsFactors associated with an increased PR for a history of ATCIs gathered from race entrants (34% of the total entrants) were: increased years of participation in distance cycling events >2 hours (PR=1.05 per 5 years of distance cycling, p<0.0001), increased weekly average training/racing distance of a cyclist in the past 12 months (PR=1.11 per 50 km increase in weekly cycling). Other factors were: increased number of chronic diseases reported (PR=1.53, per two additional chronic diseases reported, p<0.0001), history of collapse (PR=1.75, p=0.0005), history of cramping (PR=1.65, p<0.0001) and history of allergies (PR=1.49, p<0.0001).ConclusionsSubgroups of recreational cyclists at higher risk for ATCIs were identified. This information could assist in developing and implementing future strategies to mitigate ATCIs.
Do adult children increase the chances of receiving the recommended hospital treatment among older adults with heart disease?
Authors: Sloth Mathilde Marie Brünnich , Nielsen Jannie , Neble Larsen Emma , Osler Merete , Jorgensen Terese Sara Hoj 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundWe investigated whether having children and their socioeconomic resources are associated with receiving coronary angiogram (CAG) and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) among older adults with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and unstable angina pectoris.MethodsThe study included 13 046 older adults diagnosed with first-time NSTEMI and unstable angina pectoris between 2002 and 2018. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations of having children and their socioeconomic resources with receiving a CAG examination within the first 3 days of their diagnosis and CABG or PCI within 30 days of their diagnosis following CAG examination, respectively, adjusted for sociodemographic factors.ResultsWithin 3 days, 7158 older adults (54.9%) received a CAG, and of those, 4514 older adults (63.1%) received CABG or PCI within 30 days after their diagnosis following CAG examination. In the adjusted analyses, having children was associated with 21% (OR: 1.21, 95% CI 1.08; 1.36) higher odds of receiving CAG within 3 days and 20% (OR: 1.20, 95% CI 1.01; 1.42) higher odds of receiving CABG or PCI within 30 days after being diagnosed with NSTEMI and unstable angina pectoris, respectively, compared with those not having children. In adults with children aged ≥30 years, having children with short education was associated with 13% lower odds (OR: 0.87, 95% CI 0.77; 0.99) of receiving CAG, compared with older adults with children with long education.ConclusionOlder adults with children had higher odds of receiving examination and treatment after diagnosis with NSTEMI or unstable angina pectoris. Older adults with children with short education had lower odds of receiving examination compared with older adults with children with long education.
SAIL66, a next generation CLDN6-targeting T-cell engager, demonstrates potent antitumor efficacy through dual binding to CD3/CD137
Authors: Kamikawa Takayuki , Kimura Naoki , Ishii Shinya , Muraoka Masaru , Kodama Tatsushi , Taniguchi Kenji , Yoshimoto Moe , Miura-Okuda Momoko , Uchikawa Ryo , Kato Chie , Shinozuka Junko , Akai Sho , Naoi Sotaro , Tomioka Nanami , Nagaya Nishiki , Pang Chai Ling , Garvita Gupta , Feng Shu , Shimada Mei , Kamata-Sakurai Mika , Aburatani Hiroyuki , Kitazawa Takehisa , Igawa Tomoyuki 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundOvarian cancer remains a formidable challenge in oncology, necessitating innovative therapeutic approaches. Claudin-6 (CLDN6), a member of the tight junction molecule CLDN family, exhibits negligible expression in healthy tissues but displays aberrant upregulation in various malignancies, including ovarian cancer. Although several therapeutic modalities targeting CLDN6 are currently under investigation, there is still a need for more potent therapeutic options. While T-cell engagers (TCEs) hold substantial promise as potent immunotherapeutic agents, their current efficacy and safety in terms of target antigen selection and T-cell exhaustion due to only CD3 stimulation without co-stimulation must be improved, particularly against solid tumors. To provide an efficacious treatment option for ovarian cancer, we generated SAIL66, a tri-specific antibody against CLDN6/CD3/CD137.MethodsUsing our proprietary next-generation TCE technology (Dual-Ig), SAIL66 was designed to bind to CLDN6 with one Fab and CD3/CD137 with the other, thereby activating T cells through CD3 activation and CD137 co-stimulation. The preclinical characterization of SAIL66 was performed in a series of in vitro and in vivo studies which included comparisons to a conventional TCE targeting CLDN6 and CD3.ResultsDespite the high similarity between CLDN6 and other CLDN family members, SAIL66 demonstrated high specificity for CLDN6, reducing the risk of off-target toxicity. In an in vitro co-culture assay with CLDN6-positive cancer cells, we confirmed that SAIL66 strongly activated the CD137 signal in the Jurkat reporter system, and preferentially induced activation of both CD4+and CD8+T cells isolated from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells compared to conventional TCEs. In vivo studies demonstrated that SAIL66 led to a more pronounced increase in intratumor T-cell infiltration and a decrease in exhausted T cells compared with conventional CLDN6 TCE by contribution of CD137 co-stimulation, resulting in better antitumor efficacy in tumor-bearing mouse models.ConclusionOur data demonstrate that SAIL66, designed to engage CLDN6, CD3, and CD137, has the potential to enhance antitumor activity and provide a potent therapeutic option for patients with ovarian and other solid tumors expressing CLDN6. Clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SAIL66.
National trends in catheter angiography and cerebrovascular imaging in a group of privately insured patients in the US
Authors: Jareczek Francis , Tuohy Kyle , Agbese Edeanya , Church Ephraim , Cockroft Kevin , Simon Scott , Leslie Douglas L , Wilkinson D Andrew 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundDespite the increasing use of non-invasive imaging, DSA remains the gold standard for cerebrovascular imaging. However, trends in DSA utilization are poorly understood. The goal of this study was to describe DSA utilization in a large claims database in the US over a 13 year period.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study assessed a nationwide database of privately insured individuals from 2005 to 2018 for patients undergoing cranial CT angiography (CTA), MR angiography (MRA), and DSA. We assessed trends in the overall use of and indications for each modality. For DSA, we examined the types of performing proceduralists.ResultsAmong patients undergoing DSA in 2018, median age was 52 years, and 60% were women. MRA and DSA use decreased, from 289 to 275 claims, and from 38 to 29 claims per 100 000 enrollees, respectively, while CTA use increased from 31 to 286 claims per 100 000 enrollees. These trends differed by geographic region and indication. Nearly half of DSA procedures but <25% of non-invasive imaging were inpatient studies. DSA performed by neurosurgeons increased from 0.5 to 4.1 while those performed by radiologists decreased from 7.2 to 4.0 studies per 100 000 enrollees.ConclusionsDSA use decreased slightly while CTA use increased by ninefold. The reasons for this change are likely complex and may reflect more aggressive imaging for stroke, increased detection of incidental findings, and increased quality of non-invasive imaging. Over time, the proportion of DSA procedures performed by neurosurgeons overtook that performed by radiologists.
Validating claims-based algorithms for a systemic lupus erythematosus diagnosis in Medicare data for informed use of the Lupus Index: a tool for geospatial research
Authors: Feldman Candace , Curtis Jeffrey R , Yazdany Jinoos , Izmirly Peter , Oates Jim C 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to validate claims-based algorithms for identifying SLE and lupus nephritis (LN) in Medicare data, enhancing the use of the Lupus Index for geospatial research on SLE prevalence and outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated the performance of rule-based algorithms using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes to identify SLE and LN in a well-defined prospective longitudinal cohort of patients with and without SLE from a South Carolina registry and rheumatology outpatient clinics. The analysis included comparison of algorithms based on Medicare fee-for-service claims data to these rigorously phenotyped populations. The primary classification for SLE cases was based on the American College of Rheumatology and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus International Collaborating Clinics criteria for SLE and LN. Algorithms were based on the number of ICD-10 codes with and without a 30-day separation in the observation period, including all of 2016–2018.ResultsThe algorithm using two ICD-10 codes for SLE, with or without a 30-day separation, showed the best overall performance. For LN, specific ICD-10 codes outperformed combinations of SLE and renal/proteinuria codes that were found in ICD-9.ConclusionsThe findings of this study highlight the performance of specific ICD-10 code algorithms in identifying SLE and LN cases within Medicare data, providing a valuable tool for informing use of the Lupus Index. This index allows for improved geographical targeting of clinical resources, health disparity studies and clinical trial site selection. The study underscores the importance of algorithm selection based on research objectives, recommending more specific algorithms for precise tasks like clinical trial site identification and less specific ones for broader applications such as health disparities research.
The effect of consuming a sucrose-containing sports drink on acute kidney injury risk during a 4 h simulated occupational heat stress
Authors: Lignier Maxime Jeanovitch , Hess Hayden W. , Freemas Jessica A. , Johnson Blair D. , Hostler David , Schlader Zachary J. 
Published: October 2024

Occupational heat stress increases acute kidney injury risk. Drinking a soft drink sweetened with high fructose corn syrup further elevates this acute kidney injury risk. However, the impact of sucrose, another fructose-containing sweetener, on acute kidney injury risk remains unexplored. We tested the hypothesis that drinking a sucrose-containing sports drink increases acute kidney injury risk when compared to drinking a sugar-free sports drink during 4 h of simulated occupational heat stress. Ten healthy adults consumed a sucrose-containing or sugar-free sport drink ad libitum during 4 h exposures to wet bulb globe temperatures of ∼28 °C. Thirty min of work and 30 min of rest were completed each hour. Work involved treadmill walking at a fixed rate of metabolic heat production (sucrose-containing: 6.0 ± 1.2 W/kg, sugar-free: 5.5 ± 0.9 W/kg, p = 0.267). The product of urinary insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2, normalized to urine specific gravity ([IGFBP7·TIMP-2]USG), provided an acute kidney injury risk index. Mean core (intestinal: n = 13, rectal: n = 7) temperature (sucrose-containing: 37.5 ± 0.1 °C, sugar-free: 37.5 ± 0.3 °C; p = 0.914), peak core temperature (sucrose-containing: 37.8 ± 0.2 °C, sugar-free: 37.9 ± 0.3 °C; p = 0.398), and percent changes in body mass (sucrose-containing: −0.5 ± 0.4%, sugar-free: −0.3 ± 0.6%; p = 0.386) did not differ between groups. [IGFBP7∙TIMP-2]USG increased in both groups (time effect: p = 0.025) with no drink ( p = 0.675) or interaction ( p = 0.715) effects. Peak change [IGFBP7∙TIMP-2]USG did not differ between sucrose-containing (median 0.0116 [−0.0012, 0.1760] (ng/mL)2/1000) and sugar-free (median 0.0021 [0.0003, 0.2077] (ng/mL)2/1000; p = 0.796). Sucrose-containing sports drink consumption during simulated occupational heat stress does not modify acute kidney injury risk when compared to sugar free-sport drink consumption.
Bridging the gap between Quebec and Newfoundland: new insights on the protracted and diachronic history of the Anticosti foreland basin
Authors: Pinet Nicolas 
Published: October 2024

The offshore part of the Anticosti foreland basin between Gaspé Peninsula (Quebec) and western Newfoundland has been investigated for its petroleum potential, mainly in the 1980s, but its geometry and evolution remain poorly documented. In this study, short-wavelength magnetic markers associated with intra-sedimentary magnetic susceptibility contrasts are interpreted in conjunction with high-resolution seismic data to map the distribution of rock units. Magnetic markers associated with igneous dykes are distinguished from those associated with sedimentary units by their higher amplitude and geometry. Conjunct interpretation of magnetic and seismic datasets provides new insight on the geometry of the Anticosti Basin and indicates that (i) a relatively thick (∼2 km) post-Llandovery (post-Jupiter Formation) sedimentary succession occurs in the core of two regional synclines where youngest preserved sediments are interpreted as correlative with the Upper Gaspé Sandstone Group–Red Island Road Formation (Emsian–Eifelian); (ii) post-Eifelian (Acadian) deformation consists of a series of folds, 2–10 km in wavelength in the Honguedo Strait, north of the Gaspé Peninsula, and to a single greater wavelength fold in the Strait of Belle Isle; (iii) newly recognized northwest-striking faults that parallel the eastern Gaspé Peninsula shoreline exhibit significant syn- to post-Middle Mississippian movements; (iv) the southern boundary of the Anticosti Basin corresponds either to the unconformity at the base of the Carboniferous–Permian Magdalen Basin or to previously poorly documented east southeast to northeast-striking faults; (v) a series of dykes trend from N90° near Gaspé Peninsula to N170° between Anticosti and Newfoundland islands. These new findings are integrated in an evolution model that enhances the stratigraphic and tectonic along-strike variability of the Anticosti foreland basin.
Geometric and topological corrections to Schwarzschild black hole
Authors: D’Agostino Rocco , Luongo Orlando , Mancini Stefano 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we compute departures in the black hole thermodynamics induced by either geometric or topological corrections to general relativity. Specifically, we analyze the spherically symmetric spacetime solutions of two modified gravity scenarios with Lagrangians $$\mathcal {L}\sim R^{1+\epsilon }$$

L
∼

R

1
+
ϵ

and $$\mathcal {L}\sim R+\epsilon \, \mathcal {G}^2$$

L
∼
R
+
ϵ

G

2

, where $$\mathcal {G}$$
G
is the Euler density in four dimensions, while $$ 0<\epsilon \ll 1$$

0
<
ϵ
≪
1

measures the perturbation around the Hilbert–Einstein action. Accordingly, we find the expressions of the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy by the Penrose formula, and the black hole temperature and horizon of the obtained solutions. We then investigate the heat capacities in terms of the free parameters of the theories under study. In doing so, we show that healing the problem of negative heat capacities can be possible under particular choices of the free constants, albeit with limitations on the masses allowed for the black hole solutions.
New Janus interfaces from four-dimensional $$N=3$$ gauged supergravity
Authors: Karndumri Parinya 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe construct new supersymmetric Janus solutions from four-dimensional $$N=3$$

N
=
3

gauged supergravity coupled to eight vector multiplets with $$SO(3)\times SU(3)$$

S
O
(
3
)
×
S
U
(
3
)

gauge group. This gauged supergravity admits a supersymmetric $$N=3$$

N
=
3

$$AdS_4$$

A
d

S
4

vacuum with the full $$SO(3)\times SU(3)$$

S
O
(
3
)
×
S
U
(
3
)

symmetry unbroken and a family of supersymmetric $$N=1,2,3$$

N
=
1
,
2
,
3

and non-supersymmetric $$AdS_4$$

A
d

S
4

vacua with different residual symmetries. These are expected to be dual to supersymmetric Chern–Simons–Matter (CSM) theories in three dimensions via the AdS/CFT correspondence. By considering a truncation to three complex scalar fields, we find a number of Janus solutions preserving $$N=1$$

N
=
1

supersymmetry that describes conformal interfaces within $$N=3$$

N
=
3

CSM theories with $$SO(3)\times SU(3)$$

S
O
(
3
)
×
S
U
(
3
)

and $$SU(2)_{\text {diag}}\times U(1)$$

S
U

(
2
)

diag

×
U

(
1
)

symmetries.