bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is inpatient ictal video‐electroencephalographic monitoring mandatory in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with unilateral hippocampal sclerosis? A prospective study
Authors: Alvim Marina K. M. , Morita Marcia E. , Yasuda Clarissa L. , Damasceno Benito P. , Lopes Tátila M. , Coan Ana Carolina , Ghizoni Enrico , Tedeschi Helder , Cendes Fernando 
Published: December 2017

SummaryObjectiveTo compare surgical outcome in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) patients with unilateral hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE‐HS) who had or did not have preoperative video‐electroencephalographic monitoring (VEEG).MethodsA prospective study was undertaken with 166 consecutive pharmacoresistant unilateral MTLE‐HS patients. All patients were investigated with detailed seizure semiology, serial routine outpatient EEG, magnetic resonance imaging, neuropsychological evaluation, and if necessary, other examinations. Postoperative follow‐up ranged between 2 and 16 years. Patients were divided into: (1) patients operated on based on routine outpatient EEG information, with >80% of EEGs with unilateral interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) ipsilateral to HS or ictal events (n = 71); and (2) patients submitted to preoperative VEEG (n = 95). To avoid the bias generated by ictal recordings, we performed a subanalysis of: (1) patients without preoperatively ictal recordings (n = 80) and (2) patients with ictal recordings in VEEG or routine outpatient EEG (n = 86).ResultsGroups were similar regarding gender, age at surgery, seizure onset, preoperative seizure frequency, and duration of follow‐up. Overall, 136/166 (81.92%) were classified as Engel I seizure outcome, with no difference between groups; 76.84% and 88.73% of patients with and without VEEG, respectively, had Engel I postoperative seizure outcome (P = .77). The time lag until surgery was shorter in the group without VEEG (80 vs 38 months; P = .01). Considering ictal recordings, 76.74% of patients with seizures recorded and 87.50% without ictal recordings had Engel I outcome (P = .11).SignificanceWe performed the first prospective study in a tertiary epilepsy center comparing surgical outcomes in unilateral MTLE‐HS patients investigated preoperatively with and without VEEG. Based on the surgical outcome, VEEG is not imperative in patients with unilateral MTLE‐HS who have compatible semiology and clearly ipsilateralized IEDs evaluated by a multidisciplinary and experienced epilepsy group.
Fishery yields vary with land cover on the Amazon River floodplain
Authors: Castello Leandro , Hess Laura L , Thapa Ram , McGrath David G , Arantes Caroline C , Renó Vivian F , Isaac Victoria J 
Published: December 2017

AbstractInland fisheries underpin food security in many tropical countries. The most productive inland fisheries in tropical and subtropical developing countries occur in large river–floodplain systems that are often impacted by land cover changes. However, few studies to date have assessed the effects of changes in floodplain land cover on fishery yields. Here, we integrated fisheries and satellite‐mapped habitat data to evaluate the effects of floodplain deforestation on fishery yields in 68 floodplain lake systems of the lower Amazon River, representing a wide range in relative amounts of woody, herbaceous and non‐vegetated land cover. We modelled relative fish yields (fish capture per unit effort [CPUE]) in the floodplain lakes as a function of the relative amounts of forest, shrub, aquatic macrophyte and bare/herbaceous habitats surrounding them. We found that forest amount was positively related (p = .0003) to multispecies CPUE. The validity of these findings was supported by rejection of plausible alternative causative mechanisms involving habitat‐related differences in amount of piscivores, fishing effort, lake area, and habitat effects on CPUE of the nine taxa dominating multispecies yields. Our results provide support to the idea that removal of floodplain forests reduces fishery yields per unit effort. Increased protection of floodplain forests is necessary to maintain the food, income and livelihood security services provided by large river–floodplain fisheries.
Long‐term decline of native freshwater mussel assemblages in a federally protected river
Authors: Hornbach Daniel J. , Allen Daniel C. , Hove Mark C. , MacGregor Kelly R. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Freshwater systems are increasingly threatened by human impacts. To effectively monitor and manage these systems, reference or baseline conditions need to be documented to establish restoration or management goals.

Freshwater mussel (Unionoida) communities are in decline in many river systems worldwide. Yet there are few long‐term quantitative studies in relatively “pristine” habitats that could serve as “reference” locations. Here, we present the results of a 20‐year quantitative monitoring study of mussel assemblages in a federally protected river in the United States.

We found significant declines in mussel abundance (41%) and species richness (16%) over the 20‐year period, while mussel species evenness and Shannon's diversity index values increased over time (19.3% and 12.1%, respectively). This, combined with an analysis of community composition change trajectories, suggests the declines were disproportionately higher for common species than for rare species.

Variation in life‐history traits of macroinvertebrates is often used to assess the degree of degradation of aquatic systems. Using Haag's (2012) classification of mussel life‐history traits, we found the proportion of opportunistic species (fast growth, high reproductive output, short lifespan) decreased by 65.3%, while the proportion of equilibrium species (slow growth, long lifespan, lower investment in reproduction) increased by 54.6% and the proportion of periodic species (moderate‐to‐high growth rates, low‐to‐intermediate fecundity, lifespan and age at maturity) increased by 82.4%.

There were modest changes in human population and land use in the catchment during our study period, and a change in the operation of a hydroelectric dam reduced discharge variability. Sediment size changed at several study sites, increasing at some sites while decreasing at others.

This study occurred in one of the best‐protected and most pristine rivers in the upper Midwest of the United States, harbouring one of the region's most intact mussel fauna that could be used as a “reference” to set goals for the restoration of mussel fauna in other river systems. Despite the high quality and protection of this river system, we found slow declines in the mussel community but found no evidence that changes in land use, flow regime, water quality, the spread of invasive species or increased sedimentation were responsible for these declines. The slow decline of mussels and lack of specific causes in such a river underscore the imperilment of this fauna, and the need for more aggressive conservation, management and research approaches.
Comorbidity of chronic kidney disease, diabetes and lower glycated hemoglobin predicts support/care‐need certification in community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Watanabe Keisuke , Okuro Masashi , Okuno Tazuo , Iritani Osamu , Yano Hiroshi , Himeno Taroh , Morita Takuro , Igarashi Yuta , Nakahashi Takeshi , Morimoto Shigeto 
Published: December 2017

AimChronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes and lower glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) range in diabetes patients are associated with higher mortality. We investigated whether these conditions were associated with the risk of loss of independence in community‐dwelling older adults.MethodsWe analyzed 1078 older adults with no history of support/care‐need certification in Long‐Term Care Insurance aged 65–94 years. Associations of baseline CKD, diabetes, and lower HbA1c range of <6.0% in the diabetes patients, at baseline health checkup with risk of later certification and/or death for 5 years were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards regression model.ResultsThe prevalence of both CKD and diabetes in the total population increased with age, due to a net increase in the coexistence of CKD and diabetes. The prevalence of the lower HbA1c range also increased with age in participants with the coexistence. During 5 years, 135 certifications and 53 deaths occurred. After adjustment, patients with comorbidity of the triad of CKD, diabetes and the lower HbA1c range had significantly higher hazard ratios (HR) for certification (HR 3.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.91–6.48, P < 0.001) and for death (HR 3.79, 95% CI 1.46–9.85, P = 0.006) compared with those without CKD and diabetes. The harmful impact of the lower HbA1c range on later certification compared with higher HbA1c range of ≥6.0% was maintained in diabetes patients with use of antidiabetic agents and CKD (HR 2.40, 95% CI 1.06–6.45, P = 0.036).ConclusionsExcessive HbA1c reduction might cause discontinuance of disability‐free survival in community‐dwelling older diabetes patients with CKD. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 521–529.
A DEA‐based method of allocating the fixed cost as a complement to the original input
Authors: Lin Ruiyue , Chen Zhiping 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis paper focuses on the problem of how to divide a fixed cost as a complement to an original input among decision‐making units (DMUs) equitably. Using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique, this paper concerns the problem from the perspective of efficiency analysis. It is found that not all DMUs can become efficient under common weights if a low enough fixed cost is assigned. Therefore, the global modified additive DEA (MAD) model is introduced. By optimizing the global MAD‐efficiency, a new allocation method and the corresponding algorithm to ensure the uniqueness of the allocation result is designed. The proposed method can be used under both constant returns to scale and variable returns to scale for nonnegative data; it is suitable for the situation where the costs play a great role in the production of DMUs. Numerical results show the validity and advantages of our method.
Barriers to the use of emergency medical services for ST‐elevation myocardial infarction: Determining why many patients opt for self‐transport
Authors: Mercuri Mathew , Connolly Katherine , Natarajan Madhu K. , Welsford Michelle , Schwalm JD 
Published: December 2017

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesAccess to timely ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) care is facilitated by paramedics and emergency medical services (EMS). However, a large proportion of STEMI patients do not access care through EMS. This study sought to identify patient‐reported factors for their decision to use (or not use) EMS.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with a sample of STEMI patients admitted to a large tertiary care centre between November 2011 and January 2012. Participants were grouped according to mode of transportation to hospital at time of index event (EMS vs self‐transport). Participant responses were classified using a published framework (modified for a STEMI population) as barriers or facilitators to EMS use, and compared between groups.ResultsData were collected on 61 patients (32 EMS, 29 self‐transport). Mean age was 60.3 (SD 11.5), and 23% were female. EMS users were more likely to have a Killip Class >1 (25% vs 4%; P = 0.03). Self‐transport patients were more likely to perceive EMS as slower (48% vs 0%) and express concerns over resources misuse (34% vs 3%; P = 0.002), when compared to EMS patients. Patients who accessed EMS were more likely to acknowledge the benefits of EMS (44% vs 7%; P = 0.001) and were more likely to have been encouraged by a family member to call EMS (34% vs 4%; P = 0.003).ConclusionsSTEMI patient perceptions are a key factor in determining EMS use. Health care stakeholders should target the identified barriers to improve utilization of EMS, and develop strategies to optimize care for patients who do not access EMS.
Structure and composition of Unio pictorum shell: arguments for the diversity of the nacroprismatic arrangement in molluscs
Authors: DAUPHIN Y. , LUQUET G. , SALOME M. , BELLOT‐GURLET L. , CUIF J.P. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryMollusc shells are complex organomineral structures, the arrangement and composition depending on the species. Most studies are dedicated to shells composed of an aragonite nacreous and a calcite prismatic layer, so the nacreous prismatic model based on Pinctada and Atrina–Pinna. Here, we studied the micro‐ and nanostructure, the mineralogy and composition of a nacroprismatic bivalve species: Unio pictorum. The prismatic layer of Unio is aragonite, and the inner structure of the prismatic units strongly differs from those of the calcitic layers. The shape of the prisms varies depending on their growth stage. The first layers of nacre are similar to those of gastropods (columnar nacre), then evolve towards the typical bivalve arrangement (sheet nacre). Na, Sr, Mg, P and S are present in both prisms and nacre. The organic prismatic envelopes are rich in sulphur amino acids, whereas organic sulphate is present within the prisms and the nacreous tablets. P is present as phosphate, probably a mixture of organic and mineral complex. Chemical distribution maps confirm the absence of an organic membrane between the nacre and the prisms. The comparison of the structure, mineralogy and composition of Unio pictorum and different species show the diversity of nacroprismatic shells, and that these features are taxonomically dependent.
A spontaneously immortalized Schwann cell line from aldose reductase‐deficient mice as a useful tool for studying polyol pathway and aldehyde metabolism
Authors: Niimi Naoko , Yako Hideji , Takaku Shizuka , Kato Hiroshi , Matsumoto Takafumi , Nishito Yasumasa , Watabe Kazuhiko , Ogasawara Saori , Mizukami Hiroki , Yagihashi Soroku , Chung Sookja K. , Sango Kazunori 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe increased glucose flux into the polyol pathway via aldose reductase (AR) is recognized as a major contributing factor for the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy, whereas little is known about the functional significance of AR in the peripheral nervous system. Spontaneously immortalized Schwann cell lines established from long‐term cultures of AR‐deficient and normal C57BL/6 mouse dorsal root ganglia and peripheral nerves can be useful tools for studying the physiological and pathological roles of AR. These cell lines, designated as immortalized knockout AR Schwann cells 1 (IKARS1) and 1970C3, respectively, demonstrated distinctive Schwann cell phenotypes, such as spindle‐shaped morphology and immunoreactivity to S100, p75 neurotrophin receptor, and vimentin, and extracellular release of neurotrophic factors. Conditioned media obtained from these cells promoted neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth of cultured adult mouse dorsal root ganglia neurons. Microarray and real‐time RT‐PCR analyses revealed significantly down‐regulated mRNA expression of polyol pathway‐related enzymes, sorbitol dehydrogenase and ketohexokinase, in IKARS1 cells compared with those in 1970C3 cells. In contrast, significantly up‐regulated mRNA expression of aldo‐keto reductases (AKR1B7 and AKR1B8) and aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH1L2, ALDH5A1, and ALDH7A1) was detected in IKARS1 cells compared with 1970C3 cells. Exposure to reactive aldehydes (3‐deoxyglucosone, methylglyoxal, and 4‐hydroxynonenal) significantly up‐regulated the mRNA expression of AKR1B7 and AKR1B8 in IKARS1 cells, but not in 1970C3 cells. Because no significant differences in viability between these two cell lines after exposure to these aldehydes were observed, it can be assumed that the aldehyde detoxification is taken over by AKR1B7 and AKR1B8 in the absence of AR.
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Evolution of skull shape in the family Salamandridae (Amphibia: Caudata)
Authors: Ivanović Ana , Arntzen Jan W. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe carried out a comparative morphometric analysis of 56 species of salamandrid salamanders, representing 19 out of 21 extant genera, with the aim of uncovering the major patterns of skull shape diversification, and revealing possible trends and directions of evolutionary change. To do this we used micro‐computed tomography scanning and three‐dimensional geometric morphometrics, along with a well‐resolved molecular phylogeny. We found that allometry explains a relatively small amount of shape variation across taxa. Congeneric species of salamandrid salamanders are more similar to each other and cluster together producing distinct groups in morphospace. We detected a strong phylogenetic signal and little homoplasy. The most pronounced changes in the skull shape are related to the changes of the frontosquamosal arch, a unique feature of the cranial skeleton for the family Salamandridae, which is formed by processes arising from the frontal and squamosal bones that arch over the orbits. By mapping character states over the phylogeny, we found that a reduction of the frontosquamosal arch occurs independently in three lineages of the subfamily Pleurodelinae. This reduction can probably be attributed to changes in the development and ossification rates of the frontosquamosal arch. In general, our results are similar to those obtained for caecilian amphibians, with an early expansion into the available morphospace and a complex history characterizing evolution of skull shape in both groups. To evaluate the specificity of the inferred evolutionary trajectories and Caudata‐wide trends in the diversity of skull morphology, information from additional groups of tailed amphibians is needed.
Clinical features of new‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus in pregnant patients
Authors: Zhang Chong , Liang Mei‐ying , Xu Xue , Zhang Xue‐wu , Chen Shi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimThis study was conducted to examine the clinical characteristics of new‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) during pregnancy.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of all pregnancies in patients with SLE managed at The People's Hospital of Peking University from 2008 to 2015. In total, 97 pregnancies were identified and studied, 22 of which were first diagnosed with SLE during pregnancy or puerperium.ResultsNew‐onset SLE mainly occurred during the first and second pregnancy trimesters. Blood and multi‐organ involvement were detected in 95.45% and 45.45% of new‐onset patients, respectively, and both had a higher incidence than in active patients. Thrombocytopenia was the most common blood involvement in new‐onset patients. All three maternal deaths occurred in new‐onset patients. There were nine (40.91%) fetal losses, three (13.64%) low birth weight infants, one (4.54%) fetal malformation and two (9.09%) cases of neonatal lupus in new‐onset patients.ConclusionNew‐onset pregnant SLE patients were characterized with blood system involvement and generally experienced more adverse maternal outcomes than active patients with SLE history. However, adverse fetal outcomes in new‐onset patients were the same as those of active patients with an SLE history.
Vitamin D receptor rs2228570 polymorphism and susceptibility to ovarian cancer: An updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Hongmei , Zhu Jin 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimThe FokI polymorphism (C>T, rs2228570) of the vitamin D receptor gene is a coding nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism in the translational initiation codon reported to have functional significance. Although the role of rs2228570 in the risk of ovarian cancer has been widely researched, the association is still unclear. We performed an updated meta‐analysis to clarify this issue.MethodsEligible studies were retrieved from electronic databases for the period 2007–2016. The association was measured by unadjusted odds ratio combined with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Random‐effect or fixed‐effect models were used according to the heterogeneity of the studies. We further appreciated the strength of evidence according to Venice guidance.ResultsFourteen studies (4448 cases and 7242 controls) were included in the meta‐analysis. Studies were predominantly conducted in Caucasian populations (4152 cases and 6693 controls). A dominant genetic model was determined to be the most appropriate genetic model. Overall meta‐analysis showed a fixed‐effect odds ratio of 1.14 (95% CI 1.05–1.23) under a dominant model. The fixed‐effect odds ratios were 1.12 (95% CI 1.03–1.21) and 1.49 (95% CI 1.06–2.09) in Caucasian and Asian populations, respectively. The strength of the evidence was moderate.ConclusionThe rs2228570 polymorphism increased the risk of ovarian cancer in Caucasian populations in a dominant genetic model. The role of this polymorphism in the risk of ovarian cancer in Asian populations should be further studied.
Progesterone inhibited endoplasmic reticulum stress associated apoptosis induced by interleukin‐1β via the GRP78/PERK/CHOP pathway in BeWo cells
Authors: Liu Ling , Zhang Yan , Wang Yankui , Peng Wei , Zhang Ning , Ye Yuanhua 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimPre‐eclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication characterized by new onset maternal hypertension and proteinuria. Its underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study investigated the relationship between progesterone and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) associated apoptosis induced by interleukin (IL)‐1β via the glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78)/protein kinase RNA‐like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)/C/EBP‐homologous protein (CHOP) pathway in BeWo cells.MethodsVenous blood and placental tissues were collected from PE patients, normal pregnancy and preterm delivery cases, respectively. Progesterone serum levels were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and ERS‐related protein expression in placentas was examined by immunohistochemistry, reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. BeWo cells were stimulated by IL‐1β to induce ERS associated apoptosis in vitro. The apoptotic rate was measured by flow cytometry. The mechanism of progesterone acting on IL‐1β induced ERS associated apoptosis was investigated by reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and PERK small interfering RNA, with RU486 used as a receptor inhibitor.ResultsPE patients exhibited decreased serum levels of progesterone and activated ERS and increased ERS‐related protein expression. IL‐1β could induce ERS and associated cell apoptosis by activating the GRP78/PERK/CHOP signal pathway, which could be inhibited by progesterone. PERK could be upregulated and phosphorylation activated in ERS. The protective effects of progesterone could be attenuated by RU486.ConclusionIL‐1β could induce ERS associated cell apoptosis by activating the GRP78/PERK/CHOP signal pathway in BeWo cells and may play an important role in PE occurrence. Progesterone levels were decreased in patients with PE and seemed to have a protective effect by inhibiting ERS associated cell apoptosis.
Case of rapidly progressing condylomatous squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix associated with low‐risk human papillomavirus type 6
Authors: Masuda Miho , Abiko Kaoru , Minamiguchi Sachiko , Murakami Ryusuke , Baba Tsukasa , Konishi Ikuo 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCondylomatous, or warty squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the uterine cervix, is a rare variant of invasive SCC. Here, we describe a case of aggressive condylomatous SCC of the uterine cervix. A 43‐year‐old woman was monitored for 3 years for suspected low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. A whitish papillary mass occupied the cervix, and the colposcopic diagnosis was condyloma acuminatum. A cervical biopsy revealed papillary proliferating thick squamous epithelium, which consisted of koilocytes and atypical cells with enlarged nuclei. Hysterectomy specimens showed a thick layer of atypical squamous epithelium with koilocytosis invading the stroma. Immunohistochemistry revealed negative p16 expression. Hysterectomy specimens tested positive for low‐risk human papillomavirus type 6, but negative for other high‐risk human papillomavirus types. The bilateral pelvic and para‐aortic lymph nodes were positive for metastases. In spite of adjuvant chemotherapy, the case relapsed with multiple lymph nodes and lung metastases shortly after the operation.