bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The land of Hiyawa (Que) revisited
Authors: Bryce Trevor 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe focus of this article is the recently published, near-duplicate ARSUZ inscriptions carved on two stelae found near İskenderun in southeastern Turkey and dating to the later tenth century BC. Particular attention is given to the historical section of these inscriptions, and its reference to a land called Hiyawa (Assyrian Que) in eastern Cilicia, previously attested in only one other Iron Age inscription, the Luwian-Phoenician bilingual found at Çineköy near Adana. The article discusses what new information can be deduced about Hiyawa, including its relationship with the land of Adana(wa) in eastern Cilicia, the implications to be drawn from the findspot of the stelae and the much-debated question of whether the references to Hiyawa reflect Greek settlement in southeastern Anatolia during the Early Iron Age. Fresh attention is also given to the two Akkadian texts from the archives of Late Bronze Age Ugarit which refer to a group called the Hiyawa-men, who were located at that time (late 13th to early 12th century) in Lukka in southwestern Anatolia. The controversial identification of this group with Ahhiyawans/Mycenaean Greeks is re-examined within the broader context of a comprehensive reconsideration of the Ahhiyawa-Hiyawa equation and the role played by ‘Hiyawans’ and the land of Hiyawa in the affairs of the eastern Mediterranean world from the end of the Bronze Age through the succeeding Iron Age.
Espaces adéliques quadratiques
Authors: GAUDRON ÉRIC , RÉMOND GAËL 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe study quadratic forms defined on an adelic vector space over an algebraic extension K of the rationals. Under the sole condition that a Siegel lemma holds over K, we provide height bounds for several objects naturally associated to the quadratic form, such as an isotropic subspace, a basis of isotropic vectors (when it exists) or an orthogonal basis. Our bounds involve the heights of the form and of the ambient space. In several cases, we show that the exponents of these heights are best possible. The results improve and extend previously known statements for number fields and the field of algebraic numbers.
Possibilities and challenges of learning German in a multimodal environment: A case study
Authors: Abrams Zsuzsanna Ittzes 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDespite a growing body of research on task-based language learning (TBLT) (Samuda & Bygate, 2008; Ellis, 2003), there is still little information available regarding the pedagogical design behind tasks and how they are implemented (Samuda & Bygate, 2008). Scholars in computer-mediated second language (L2) learning have called for research to fill in this gap by reflecting critically on task design and the subsequent implementation process (Fuchs, Hauck & Müller-Hartmann, 2012; Hampel, 2010; Hampel & Hauck, 2006; Hampel & Plaines, 2013; Hauck, 2010), instead of considering a task an “unproblematic fait accompli” (O’Dowd & Ware, 2009: 174). In response to this charge, the present case study provides a critical analysis of tasks carried out in a first-year German language course built around the weekly TV-series,Rosenheim-Cops(ZDF). These tasks drew from research on multimodality (Kress & van Leeuwen, 2001; Norris & Maier, 2014) providing a framework for understanding how multiple semiotic systems work together to create meaning. The insights provided by this study have relevance for research on multimodal task design (Hampel & Hauck, 2006) through examining the possibilities and limitations of beginner second language (L2) learners’ effective use of authentic resources. The results suggest that the tasks encouraged semiotic awareness, helped activate referential knowledge useful for accessing multimodal resources, and elicited a positive response to authentic L2 use in context. The challenges of implementing these tasks included variation in learners’ engagement with authentic multimedia resources, either due to L2 skills levels or the level of interest in the particular resource used.
Rational design of ABC triblock terpolymer solution nanostructures with controlled patch morphology
Authors: Löbling Tina I. , Borisov Oleg , Haataja Johannes S. , Ikkala Olli , Gröschel André H. , Müller Axel H. E. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBlock copolymers self-assemble into a variety of nanostructures that are relevant for science and technology. While the assembly of diblock copolymers is largely understood, predicting the solution assembly of triblock terpolymers remains challenging due to complex interplay of block/block and block/solvent interactions. Here we provide guidelines for the self-assembly of linear ABC triblock terpolymers into a large variety of multicompartment nanostructures with C corona and A/B cores. The ratio of block lengthsNC/NAthereby controls micelle geometry to spheres, cylinders, bilayer sheets and vesicles. The insoluble blocks then microphase separate to core A and surface patch B, whereNBcontrols the patch morphology to spherical, cylindrical, bicontinuous and lamellar. The independent control over both parameters allows constructing combinatorial libraries of unprecedented solution nanostructures, including spheres-on-cylinders/sheets/vesicles, cylinders-on-sheets/vesicles, and sheets/vesicles with bicontinuous or lamellar membrane morphology (patchy polymersomes). The derived parameters provide a logical toolbox towards complex self-assemblies for soft matter nanotechnologies.
Experimentally simulating quantum walks with self-collimated light
Authors: Qi F. , Wang Y. F. , Ma Q. Y. , Zheng W. H. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn self-collimated photonic crystal, periodically arranged air holes of sub-wavelength scale provide flattened equi-frequency curves perpendicular to the ΓM direction, which allow light or photons propagating in a quasi-uniform medium without diffraction. Here we for the first time experimentally simulate four-step single-photon discrete time quantum walks with classical light in such a photonic crystal chip fabricated on silicon-on-insulator. Similarities between theoretical expectations and experimental results are higher than 0.98. The functional area is compact and can be extended to construct more complicated linear quantum circuits.
Ecological determinants of mean family age of angiosperm trees in forest communities in China
Authors: Qian Hong , Chen Shengbin 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSpecies assemblage in a local community is determined by the interplay of evolutionary and ecological processes. The Tropical Niche Conservatism hypothesis proposes mechanisms underlying patterns of biodiversity in biological communities along environmental gradients. This hypothesis predicts that, among other things, clades in areas with warm or wet environments are, on average, older than those in areas with cold or dry environments. Focusing on angiosperm trees in forests, this study tested the age-related prediction of the Tropical Niche Conservatism hypothesis. We related the mean family age of angiosperm trees in 57 local forests from across China with 23 current and paleo-environmental variables, which included all major temperature- and precipitation-related variables. Our study shows that the mean family age of angiosperm trees in local forests was positively correlated with temperature and precipitation. This finding is consistent with the age-related prediction of the Tropical Niche Conservatism hypothesis. Approximately 85% of the variance in the mean family age of angiosperm trees was explained by temperature-related variables and 81% of the variance in the mean family age of angiosperm trees was explained by precipitation-related variables. Climatic conditions at the Last Glacial Maximum did not explain additional variation in mean family age after accounting for current environmental conditions.
Observation of number-density-dependent growth of plasmonic nanobubbles
Authors: Nakajima Takashi , Wang Xiaolong , Chatterjee Souvik , Sakka Tetsuo 
Published: June 2016

AbstractInteraction dynamics of laser pulses and nanoparticles are of great interest in recent years. In many cases, laser-nanoparticle interactions result in the formation of plasmonic nanobubbles and the dynamics of nanoparticles and nanobubbles are inseparable. So far, very little attention has been paid to the number density. Here we report the first observation of number-density-dependent growth of plasmonic nanobubbles. Our results show that the nanobubbles growth depends (does not depend) on the number density at high (low) laser fluence, although the inter-particle distance in the solution is as long as 14–30 μm. This cannot be explained by the existing physical picture and we propose a new model which takes into account the pressure waves arising from nanoparticles. The numerical results based on this model agree well with the experimental results. Our findings imply that the number density can be a new doorknob to control laser-nanobubble as well as laser-nanoparticle interactions.
Two homologous host proteins interact with potato virus X RNAs and CPs and affect viral replication and movement
Authors: Choi Hoseong , Cho Won Kyong , Kim Kook-Hyung 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBecause viruses encode only a small number of proteins, all steps of virus infection rely on specific interactions between viruses and hosts. We previously screened severalNicotiana benthamiana(Nb) proteins that interact with the stem-loop 1 (SL1) RNA structure located at the 5′ end of the potato virus X (PVX) genome. In this study, we characterized two of these proteins (NbCPIP2a and NbCPIP2b), which are homologous and are induced upon PVX infection. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay confirmed that both proteins bind to either SL1(+) or SL1(−) RNAs of PVX. The two proteins also interact with the PVX capsid protein (CP)in planta. Overexpression of NbCPIP2a positively regulated systemic movement of PVX inN. benthamiana,whereas NbCPIP2b overexpression did not affect systemic movement of PVX. Transient overexpression and silencing experiments demonstrated that NbCPIP2a and NbCPIP2b are positive regulators of PVX replication and that the effect on replication was greater for NbCPIP2a than for NbCPIP2b. Although these two host proteins are associated with plasma membranes, PVX infection did not affect their subcellular localization. Taken together, these results indicate that NbCPIP2a and NbCPIP2b specifically bind to PVX SL1 RNAs as well as to CP and enhance PVX replication and movement.
Holographic microscopy and microfluidics platform for measuring wall stress and 3D flow over surfaces textured by micro-pillars
Authors: Bocanegra Evans Humberto , Gorumlu Serdar , Aksak Burak , Castillo Luciano , Sheng Jian 
Published: June 2016

AbstractUnderstanding how fluid flow interacts with micro-textured surfaces is crucial for a broad range of key biological processes and engineering applications including particle dispersion, pathogenic infections and drag manipulation by surface topology. We use high-speed digital holographic microscopy (DHM) in combination with a correlation based de-noising algorithm to overcome the optical interference generated by surface roughness and to capture a large number of 3D particle trajectories in a microfluidic channel with one surface patterned with micropillars. It allows us to obtain a 3D ensembled velocity field with an uncertainty of 0.06% and 2D wall shear stress distribution at the resolution of ~65 μPa. Contrary to laminar flow in most microfluidics, we find that the flow is three-dimensional and complex for the textured microchannel. While the micropillars affect the velocity flow field locally, their presence is felt globally in terms of wall shear stresses at the channel walls. These findings imply that micro-scale mixing and wall stress sensing/manipulation can be achieved through hydro-dynamically smooth but topologically rough micropillars.
Vulnerability of the peatland carbon sink to sea-level rise
Authors: Whittle Alex , Gallego-Sala Angela V. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractFreshwater peatlands are carbon accumulating ecosystems where primary production exceeds organic matter decomposition rates in the soil, and therefore perform an important sink function in global carbon cycling. Typical peatland plant and microbial communities are adapted to the waterlogged, often acidic and low nutrient conditions that characterise them. Peatlands in coastal locations receive inputs of oceanic base cations that shift conditions from the environmental optimum of these communities altering the carbon balance. Blanket bogs are one such type of peatlands occurring in hyperoceanic regions. Using a blanket bog to coastal marsh transect in Northwest Scotland we assess the impacts of salt intrusion on carbon accumulation rates. A threshold concentration of salt input, caused by inundation, exists corresponding to rapid acidophilic to halophilic plant community change and a carbon accumulation decline. For the first time, we map areas of blanket bog vulnerable to sea-level rise, estimating that this equates to ~7.4% of the total extent and a 0.22 Tg yr−1 carbon sink. Globally, tropical peatlands face the proportionally greatest risk with ~61,000 km2 (~16.6% of total) lying ≤5 m elevation. In total an estimated 20.2 ± 2.5 GtC is stored in peatlands ≤5 m above sea level, which are potentially vulnerable to inundation.
ASXL1 plays an important role in erythropoiesis
Authors: Shi Hui , Yamamoto Shohei , Sheng Mengyao , Bai Jie , Zhang Peng , Chen Runze , Chen Shi , Shi Lihong , Abdel-Wahab Omar , Xu Mingjiang , Zhou Yuan , Yang Feng-Chun 
Published: June 2016

AbstractASXL1 mutations are found in a spectrum of myeloid malignancies with poor prognosis. Recently, we reported that Asxl1+/− mice develop myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or MDS and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) overlapping diseases (MDS/MPN). Although defective erythroid maturation and anemia are associated with the prognosis of patients with MDS or MDS/MPN, the role of ASXL1 in erythropoiesis remains unclear. Here, we showed that chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) patients with ASXL1 mutations exhibited more severe anemia with a significantly increased proportion of bone marrow (BM) early stage erythroblasts and reduced enucleated erythrocytes compared to CMML patients with WT ASXL1. Knockdown of ASXL1 in cord blood CD34+ cells reduced erythropoiesis and impaired erythrocyte enucleation. Consistently, the BM and spleens of VavCre+;Asxl1f/f (Asxl1∆/∆) mice had less numbers of erythroid progenitors than Asxl1f/f controls. Asxl1∆/∆ mice also had an increased percentage of erythroblasts and a reduced erythrocyte enucleation in their BM compared to littermate controls. Furthermore, Asxl1∆/∆ erythroblasts revealed altered expression of genes involved in erythroid development and homeostasis, which was associated with lower levels of H3K27me3 and H3K4me3. Our study unveils a key role for ASXL1 in erythropoiesis and indicates that ASXL1 loss hinders erythroid development/maturation, which could be of prognostic value for MDS/MPN patients.
Tunable tapered waveguide for efficient compression of light to graphene surface plasmons
Authors: Cheng Bo Han , Chen Hong Wen , Jen Yi-Jun , Lan Yung-Chiang , Tsai Din Ping 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDielectric-graphene-dielectric (DGD) structure has been widely used to construct optical devices at infrared region with features of small footprint and low-energy dissipation. The optical properties of graphene can be manipulated by changing its chemical potential by applying a biased voltage onto graphene. However, the excitation efficiency of surface wave on graphene by end-fire method is very low because of large wavevector mismatch between infrared light and surface wave. In this paper, a dielectric-semiconductor-dielectric (DSD) tapered waveguide with magnetic tunability for efficient excitation of surface waves on DGD at infrared region is proposed and analyzed. Efficient excitation of surface waves on DGD with various chemical potentials in graphene layer and incident frequencies can be attained by merely changing the external magnetic field applied onto the DSD tapered waveguide. The electromagnetic simulations verify the design of the proposed structure. More importantly, the constituent materials used in the proposed structure are available in nature. This work opens the door toward various applications in the field of using surface waves.
The actin crosslinking protein palladin modulates force generation and mechanosensitivity of tumor associated fibroblasts
Authors: Azatov Mikheil , Goicoechea Silvia M. , Otey Carol A. , Upadhyaya Arpita 
Published: June 2016

AbstractCells organize actin filaments into higher-order structures by regulating the composition, distribution and concentration of actin crosslinkers. Palladin is an actin crosslinker found in the lamellar actin network and stress fibers, which are critical for mechanosensing of the environment. Palladin also serves as a molecular scaffold for α-actinin, another key actin crosslinker. By virtue of its close interactions with actomyosin structures in the cell, palladin may play an important role in cell mechanics. However, the role of palladin in cellular force generation and mechanosensing has not been studied. Here, we investigate the role of palladin in regulating the plasticity of the actin cytoskeleton and cellular force generation in response to alterations in substrate stiffness. Traction force microscopy revealed that tumor-associated fibroblasts generate larger forces on substrates of increased stiffness. Contrary to expectations, knocking down palladin increased the forces generated by cells and inhibited their ability to sense substrate stiffness for very stiff gels. This was accompanied by significant differences in actin organization, adhesion dynamics and altered myosin organization in palladin knock-down cells. Our results suggest that actin crosslinkers such as palladin and myosin motors coordinate for optimal cell function and to prevent aberrant behavior as in cancer metastasis.
Historical and contemporary factors generate unique butterfly communities on islands
Authors: Vodă Raluca , Dapporto Leonardo , Dincă Vlad , Shreeve Tim G. , Khaldi Mourad , Barech Ghania , Rebbas Khellaf , Sammut Paul , Scalercio Stefano , Hebert Paul D. N. , Vila Roger 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe mechanisms shaping island biotas are not yet well understood mostly because of a lack of studies comparing eco-evolutionary fingerprints over entire taxonomic groups. Here, we linked community structure (richness, frequency and nestedness) and genetic differentiation (based on mitochondrial DNA) in order to compare insular butterfly communities occurring over a key intercontinental area in the Mediterranean (Italy-Sicily-Maghreb). We found that community characteristics and genetic structure were influenced by a combination of contemporary and historical factors, and among the latter, connection during the Pleistocene had an important impact. We showed that species can be divided into two groups with radically different properties: widespread taxa had high dispersal capacity, a nested pattern of occurrence, and displayed little genetic structure, while rare species were mainly characterized by low dispersal, high turnover and genetically differentiated populations. These results offer an unprecedented view of the distinctive butterfly communities and of the main processes determining them on each studied island and highlight the importance of assessing the phylogeographic value of populations for conservation.
Biochemical evidence for relaxed substrate specificity of Nα-acetyltransferase (Rv3420c/rimI) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Pathak Deepika , Bhat Aadil Hussain , Sapehia Vandana , Rai Jagdish , Rao Alka 
Published: June 2016

AbstractNα-acetylation is a naturally occurring irreversible modification of N-termini of proteins catalyzed by Nα-acetyltransferases (NATs). Although present in all three domains of life, it is little understood in bacteria. The functional grouping of NATs into six types NatA - NatF, in eukaryotes is based on subunit requirements and stringent substrate specificities. Bacterial orthologs are phylogenetically divergent from eukaryotic NATs and only a couple of them are characterized biochemically. Accordingly, not much is known about their substrate specificities. Rv3420c of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a NAT ortholog coding for RimIMtb. Using in vitro peptide-based enzyme assays and mass-spectrometry methods, we provide evidence that RimIMtb is a protein Nα-acetyltransferase of relaxed substrate specificity mimicking substrate specificities of eukaryotic NatA, NatC and most competently that of NatE. Also, hitherto unknown acetylation of residues namely, Asp, Glu, Tyr and Leu by a bacterial NAT (RimIMtb) is elucidated, in vitro. Based on in vivo acetylation status, in vitro assay results and genetic context, a plausible cellular substrate for RimIMtb is proposed.
Photonic Programmable Tele-Cloning Network
Authors: Li Wei , Chen Ming-Cheng 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe concept of quantum teleportation allows an unknown quantum states to be broadcasted and processed in a distributed quantum network. The quantum information injected into the network can be diluted to distant multi-copies by quantum cloning and processed by arbitrary quantum logic gates which were programed in advance in the network quantum state. A quantum network combines simultaneously these fundamental quantum functions could lead to new intriguing applications. Here we propose a photonic programmable telecloning network based on a four-photon interferometer. The photonic network serves as quantum gate, quantum cloning and quantum teleportation and features experimental advantage of high brightness by photon recycling.
Fabrication of magnetic water-soluble hyperbranched polyol functionalized graphene oxide for high-efficiency water remediation
Authors: Hu Lihua , Li Yan , Zhang Xuefei , Wang Yaoguang , Cui Limei , Wei Qin , Ma Hongmin , Yan Liangguo , Du Bin 
Published: June 2016

AbstractMagnetic water-soluble hyperbranched polyol functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposite (MWHPO-GO) was successfully prepared and applied to water remediation in this paper. MWHPO-GO was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), magnetization curve, zeta potential, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analyses. MWHPO-GO exhibited excellent adsorption performance for the removal of synthetic dyes (methylene blue (MB) and methyl violet (MV)) and heavy metal (Pb(II)). Moreover, MWHPO-GO could be simply recovered from water with magnetic separation. The pseudo-second order equation and the Langmuir model exhibited good correlation with the adsorption kinetic and isotherm data, respectively, for these three pollutants. The thermodynamic results (ΔG < 0, ΔH < 0, ΔS < 0) implied that the adsorption process of MB, MV and Pb(II) was feasible, exothermic and spontaneous in nature. A possible adsorption mechanism has been proposed where π-π stacking interactions, H-bonding interaction and electrostatic attraction dominated the adsorption of MB/MV and chelation and electrostatic attraction dominated the adsorption of Pb(II). In addition, the excellent reproducibility endowed MWHPO-GO with the potential for application in water remediation.
Coherent destruction of tunneling in two-level system driven across avoided crossing via photon statistics
Authors: Miao Qiang , Zheng Yujun 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this paper, the nature of the multi-order resonance and coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) for two-level system driven cross avoided crossing is investigated by employing the emitted photons 〈N〉 and the Mandel’s Q parameter based on the photon counting statistics. An asymmetric feature of CDT is shown in the spectrum of Mandel’s Q parameter. Also, the CDT can be employed to suppress the spontaneous decay and prolong waiting time noticeably. The photon emission pattern is of monotonicity in strong relaxation and homogeneity in pure dephasing regime, respectively.