bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infrared-A to improve mood: an exploratory study of water-filtered infrared-A (wIRA) exposure
Authors: Häggqvist Iina-Maria , Kärhä Petri , Kautiainen Hannu , Snellman Erna , Pasternack Rafael , Partonen Timo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDiurnal preference to eveningness might predispose to depression. There is preliminary evidence of infrared-A (IR-A) induced whole-body hyperthermia (WBH) in the treatment of depression. In this exploratory study with 19 adults, we investigated the effects of a 20-min exposure of water-filtered IR-A (wIRA) to the skin of back and buttock area, without inducing WBH, on mood and assessed the outcome by diurnal preference (#R19047, approval on 7 May 2019). The skin received irradiation with an integrated power of 102.4 W in the wavelength region of 550–1350 nm and a total dose of 123 kJ over the total area of 0.0483 m2. The diurnal preference was assessed with a 6-item version of the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (mMEQ). The 40-item Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire was used to assess total mood disturbance (TMD). Core temperature was measured 30 min before, during and 30 min after the irradiation. Skin surface temperature was measured on baseline and every two minutes during the irradiation. The TMD improved immediately after the exposure, and this positive effect lasted for 24 h (p = 0.001) as well as for 2 weeks (p = 0.02). Concerning the diurnal preference, the positive effect on mood was immediate and lasted for 24 h in evening types (p = 0.02) and for 2 weeks in morning types (p = 0.04). During the exposure, core body temperature was constantly lower in morning types compared to evening types. This study gives us new information on the effects of near-infrared radiation, without inducing WBH, through the skin on mood.
Graphical abstract
From urban clusters to megaregions: mapping Australia’s evolving urban regions
Authors: Ng Matthew Kok Ming , Shabrina Zahratu , Sarkar Somwrita , Han Hoon , Pettit Christopher 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study employs percolation theory to investigate the hierarchical organisation of Australian urban centres through the connectivity of their road networks. The analysis demonstrates how discrete urban clusters have developed into integrated regional entities, delineating the pivotal distance thresholds that regulate these urban transitions. The study reveals the interconnections between disparate urban clusters, shaped by their functional differentiation and historical development. Furthermore, the study identifies a dichotomy of urban agglomeration forces and a persistent spatial disconnection between Australia’s wider urban landscape. This highlights the interplay between urban densification and peripheral growth. It suggests the need for new thinking on potential integrated governance structures that bridge urban development with broader social and economic policies across regional and national scales. Additionally, the study emphasises the growing importance of national coordination in Australian urban development planning to ensure regional consistency, equity, and productivity.
Infrastructure development, inequality, and employment in Sub-Saharan Africa from the professional perspectives of Kenya, Ghana, and Tanzania
Authors: Zreik Mohamad , Iqbal Badar Alam , Hassan Munir , Syed Marzuki Sharifah Zannierah 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the challenges and opportunities in infrastructure development, inequality, and employment in Sub-Saharan Africa. There is a critical gap between infrastructure planning and execution, exacerbated by inadequate funding, bureaucratic hurdles, and a lack of technical expertise, leading to profound inequality in infrastructure and employment opportunities, particularly affecting rural and marginalized communities. The study aims to identify the mismatch between current job market needs and the workforce's skills, analyse the impact of rapid population growth and insufficient educational initiatives, and propose solutions for integrated infrastructure planning and equitable policy development. This research employs qualitative semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis using NVivo to gain in-depth insights into the institutional characteristics influencing infrastructure development, inequality, and employment. Findings reveal significant disparities in infrastructure and employment opportunities, with rural and marginalized communities being disproportionately affected. There is a notable mismatch between job market needs and the available workforce skills, further complicated by rapid population growth and inadequate educational initiatives. The study recommends an integrated approach to infrastructure planning that encompasses sustainability, accessibility, and equitable distribution. Policies should address inequality, ensure equitable access to infrastructure benefits, and align education and skill development with the evolving job market. Leveraging public–private partnerships is also suggested to accelerate infrastructure development efficiently. This paper contributes to the discourse on infrastructure, inequality, and employment in Sub-Saharan Africa, providing a roadmap for addressing these intertwined challenges through integrated policy initiatives.
An integrated framework for importance-performance analysis of product attributes and validation from online reviews and maintenance records
Authors: Shen Mengyuan , Cheng Aoxiang , Bi Youyi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Importance-performance analysis (IPA) is widely used for needs analysis, product positioning, and strategic planning in product design. Previous research on IPA often employs single-source data such as customer surveys or online reviews with unavoidable subjective bias. In contrast, product maintenance records provide objective information on product quality and failure patterns, which can be cross-validated with customers’ personal experiences from surveys or online reviews. In this paper, we propose an integrated framework for conducting IPA from online reviews and product maintenance records jointly. An attribute-keyword dictionary is first established using keyword extraction and clustering methods. Then, semantic groups, including product attributes and associated descriptions, are extracted using dependency parsing analysis. The sentiment scores of identified product attributes are determined by a voting mechanism using two pre-trained sentiment analysis models. The importance of product attributes in IPA is estimated from the impact of sentiments of each product attribute on product ratings with the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model, while the performance is estimated from the sentiment scores of online reviews or the quality statistics from product maintenance records. In addition, we propose two methods to validate the IPA results, in which the IPA results are compared with the actual product improvements on the market or compared with the analysis of customer reviews from different time periods, respectively. The validated IPA results from online reviews and maintenance records are then integrated to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of customer needs. A case study of passenger vehicles is used to demonstrate the framework. The proposed framework enables automatic data processing and can support companies in making efficient design decisions with more comprehensive perspectives from multisource data.
An Introduction to Radical Biocracy: A relational, autonomous approach to decision-making towards emergent and symbiotic design
Authors: Udoewa Victor 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Any system health work must look at decision-making because decisions propagate throughout a system, shaping system dynamics. Usually, human decision-making is conducted from an individualist, objectivist perspective. What happens when we use an approach based on the radical relationality of Radical Participatory Design and Relational Design? This is the fourth paper in a series of papers which introduced Radical Participatory Design in the first two papers and Relational Design in the third paper. In this fourth paper, we explore the decision-making dynamics in Radical Participatory Design and Relational Design projects.
We use the term political ecology to speak about the power dynamics within any ecological system – a geographical population, a community, an ecosystem, and so forth. We analyze the political ecologies of individualist decision-making models. Then we explore how to embody a relational ontology within decision-filled human ecosystems and how a relational way of being changes decision-making. Referring to biology, we discuss ingredients for relational decision-making – relationality, emergent design principles, and autonomy. Those ingredients can lead to emergent and symbiotic design. Emergent design refers to design that emerges from consistently following a few basic principles. Symbiotic design occurs over time when deeply, relationally embedded entities retain autonomy and indirectly evolve to create a design that would not have occurred through an intentional design process. We then introduce Radical Biocracy as a type of decision-making model where decisions are not deliberated by groups or team members but emerge from the relationally autonomous choices and actions of individuals.
Direct numerical simulation of sand particles transporting in the atmospheric Ekman boundary layer
Authors: Wang Yixiang , Li Cruz Y. , Peng Daniel Ziyue , Tse Tim K.T. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study presents a direct numerical simulation that investigates the transport mechanisms of sand particles in the neutrally stable atmospheric Ekman boundary layer (AEBL). The simulation models the AEBL in a half-channel flow, taking into account the Earth's rotation and adding a Coriolis term to the Navier–Stokes equations. The Lagrangian point-particle method with one-way coupling is used to track the sand particles. The main objective is to examine the impact of gravity and particle Stokes number on the sand particle dynamics. The results indicate that gravity has a significant effect on large-size sand particles, as seen in the mean and root-mean-square sand velocity profiles. The slip velocity profiles of sand particles relative to the surrounding air show that larger particles experience higher drag forces in the viscous sublayer, which hinders their forward movement. This effect is also amplified by gravity. Furthermore, the mean profiles of the streamwise and spanwise slip velocities exhibit distinct demarcations of the viscous sublayer, buffer layer and log-law region. The spatial and temporal Voronoï analysis reveals that gravity increases the clustering level of sand particles in the entire turbulent Ekman layer and reduces the time for the change of the Voronoï volume, particularly for large-size particles.
Stress management preferences and stress experiences among Latinx immigrants in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: Mixed-methods results from a community-academic research team
Authors: Stryker Shanna D. , Rabin Julia , Castelin Stephanie , Jacquez Farrah , Chinchilla Karen , Peralta Jenniffer , Vaughn Lisa M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Latinx individuals in the U.S. have higher levels of stress than other ethnic groups. Latinx immigrants living in non-traditional immigration destinations (NTIDs) have worse access to social and medical support and were particularly vulnerable during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to contextualize stress in Latinx immigrants in an NTID during the COVID-19 pandemic and to understand Latinx immigrants’ preferences for stress management interventions given the sociopolitical and public health context.

Method
Using a community-based participatory research approach with mixed methods research design, community co-researchers gathered data using a quantitative survey and then contextualized survey results using a qualitative community conversation.

Results
Community conversation participants were surprised at the relatively low levels of reported stress and pandemic impact in survey participants, and they proposed the reason was the level of pre-pandemic stressors. Guatemalan immigrants in an NTID reported more stigma but fewer changes between pre- and post-pandemic stress levels. Survey respondents preferred to learn about stress management through YouTube videos or groups led by professionals.

Conclusions
Understanding the diversity of stress experiences among Latinx immigrant groups is critical to developing effective interventions. Coping strategy preferences are variable among different Latinx immigration groups, but asynchronous and/or professional-led stress management was preferred.
ON THE BINARY SEQUENCE
$(1,1,0,1,0^3,1,0^7,1,0^{15},\ldots )$
Authors: NORTON GRAHAM H. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Let

$\mathbb {F}$

be a field and

$(s_0,\ldots ,s_{n-1})$

be a finite sequence of elements of

$\mathbb {F}$

. In an earlier paper [G. H. Norton, ‘On the annihilator ideal of an inverse form’, J. Appl. Algebra Engrg. Comm. Comput.28 (2017), 31–78], we used the

$\mathbb {F}[x,z]$

submodule

$\mathbb {F}[x^{-1},z^{-1}]$

of Macaulay’s inverse system

$\mathbb {F}[[x^{-1},z^{-1}]]$

(where z is our homogenising variable) to construct generating forms for the (homogeneous) annihilator ideal of

$(s_0,\ldots ,s_{n-1})$

. We also gave an

$\mathcal {O}(n^2)$

algorithm to compute a special pair of generating forms of such an annihilator ideal. Here we apply this approach to the sequence r of the title. We obtain special forms generating the annihilator ideal for

$(r_0,\ldots ,r_{n-1})$

without polynomial multiplication or division, so that the algorithm becomes linear. In particular, we obtain its linear complexities. We also give additional applications of this approach.
PUFA and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: a two-sample Mendelian randomisation analysis
Authors: Li Qiong , Xu Xinchun , Zhao Chenyang , Wang Yonghong , Chen Xiaohu , Liu Miao , Yue Chaoyan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the potential causal association between PUFA and the risk of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) using Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis. A two-sample MR analysis was conducted utilising large-scale European-based genome-wide association studies summary databases. The primary MR analysis was carried out using the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method, complemented by other methods such as MR-egger, weighted-median and weighted mode. Sensitivity analysis was also performed to validate the robustness of the findings. Results indicated a 31 % reduced risk of ICP for every 1 standard deviation (sd) increase in n-3 fatty acids levels (OR = 0·69, 95 % CI: 0·54, 0·89, P = 0·004) and in the ratio of n-3 fatty acids to total fatty acids (OR = 0·69, 95 % CI: 0·53, 0·91, P = 0·008). Conversely, there was a 51 % increased risk of ICP for every 1 sd increase in the ratio of n-6 fatty acids to n-3 fatty acids (OR = 1·51, 95 % CI: 1·20, 1·91, P < 0·001) and a 138 % increased risk for every 1 sd increase in the ratio of linoleic fatty acids to total fatty acids (OR = 2·38, 95 % CI: 1·55, 3·66, P < 0·001). The findings suggest that n-3 fatty acids may have a protective effect against the risk of ICP, while n-6 fatty acids and linoleic fatty acids could be potential risk factors for ICP. The supplementation of n-3 fatty acids, as opposed to n-6 fatty acids, could be a promising strategy for the prevention and management of ICP.
Local Newspaper Decline and Political Polarization – Evidence from a Multi-Party Setting
Authors: Ellger Fabio , Hilbig Hanno , Riaz Sascha , Tillmann Philipp 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHow does the decline of traditional news outlets affect political polarization? We provide novel evidence on this question by examining the link between local newspaper exits, media consumption, and electoral behaviour in a multiparty setting. Our empirical analysis combines a unique panel of all German local newspapers between 1980 and 2009, electoral returns, and an annual media consumption survey of more than 670,000 respondents. Using a difference-in-differences design, we demonstrate that local newspaper exits increase electoral polarization. Additional analysis points to changes in media consumption as the underlying mechanism driving this result: following local news exits, consumers substitute local news with national tabloid news. Our findings extend prior results in the US context to a multiparty setting and shed new light on the causal chain running from changing local news landscapes to electoral behaviour.
Ecosocial policy and the social risks of climate change: foundations of the US ecosocial safety net
Authors: Brown C. Taylor , Chang Yu-Ling 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
As climate change progresses, natural hazards are projected to continue to increase in frequency and intensity, posing a new form of social risk, implicating both the welfare and environmental state and raising the salience of ecosocial policy as a mechanism to attend to the distributional effects of climate change mitigation and adaptation. This study posits a novel conceptual framework for ecosocial policy and offers the US ecosocial safety net as a case analysis. While we conceptualise disaster relief policy as a mode of the environmental state, it includes unique ecosocial policies that constitute the backbone of the US ecosocial safety net. This study describes and compares the developmental and functional synergies between the US welfare and environmental state manifested in the form of an ecosocial safety net by explicating the Individual Assistance Program and the National Flood Insurance Program. Our findings reveal synergies between US disaster relief and welfare, including parallel developmental trends, philosophies of deserving/undeserving, functions of racial capitalism and relationships with economic growth. This study and its conceptual framework of ecosocial policy offer a groundwork for the study of ecosocial policy in other contexts.
Re-examining ‘personalised conditionality’: full-time obligations, partial adjustments and power asymmetries in the UK’s approach to work-related conditionality
Authors: Hughes Ceri 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Work-related conditionality policy in the UK is built around the problematic assumption that people should commit to ‘full-time’ work and job search efforts as a condition of receiving benefits. This is potentially in conflict with the idea that what is required of people should be tailored to their circumstances in some way – ‘personalised conditionality’ – and implies a failure to recognise that conditionality is being applied to a diverse group of people and in a context where the paid work that is available is often temporary and insecure. Drawing on thirty-three qualitative interviews with people subject to intensive work-related conditionality whilst receiving Universal Credit or Jobseeker’s Allowance in Manchester, the paper explores the work-related time demands that people were facing and argues that these provide a lens for examining the rigidities and contradictions of conditionality policy. The findings indicate that expectations are often set in relation to an ideal of full-time hours and in a highly asymmetric context that is far from conducive to being able to negotiate a reasonable set of work-related expectations. Work search requirements affect people differently depending on their personal circumstances and demand-side factors, and can act to weaken the position of people entering, or already in, work.
Small cash transfers to older people: do they reduce poverty?
Authors: Ku Inhoe , Kim Soohyun , Yoon Halim 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The literature has shown that, in developing countries, large cash transfers to older people improve the wellbeing of the recipients and their families. While social pensions have recently emerged in East Asia to deliver small cash benefits to older people, there is little consistent evidence of their effects. We examine the effects of the Basic Pension Scheme, a social pension in South Korea, on income and consumption poverty among older adults. We apply a difference-in-differences event study design and other complementary approaches to data covering the full period of program development from 2006 to 2021. The results show that the social pension decreases income poverty but not consumption poverty. While this study analysed the best data currently available, using better-quality data in future research would enable more robust analysis. Further research is also warranted to find how to improve the effectiveness of a non-contributory pension programme as a tool for reducing income and consumption poverty among older adults.
Pro patria mori: When States encourage civilian involvement in armed conflict
Authors: Radončić Mina , Stanley-Ryan Ashley 
Published: October 2024

AbstractContemporary armed conflicts have increasingly been accompanied by belligerents’ calls for civilians to support their military efforts. This article investigates the legal consequences of civilians taking up arms provided by or with the tacit support of the State. It first looks at the implications of civilian involvement from the perspective of a State's international humanitarian law (IHL) and international human rights law obligations, focusing on removing civilians from the vicinity of hostilities, informing and training civilians on the implications of directly participating in hostilities, and respecting and ensuring respect for the law. It then demonstrates that the broader fabric of public international law is tested when civilians are encouraged to engage in hostilities, through a close analysis of the challenge of attributing civilian acts to the State. The article closes with practical recommendations for States to ensure that they uphold their humanitarian and human rights obligations, and to render the law of international responsibility effective when civilians commit systemic violations of IHL.
Dynamics and Detection of Pulsed Tremor at Whakaari (White Island), Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Steinke B. , Jolly A. D. , Girona T. , Caudron C. , Bramwell L. A. , Cronin S. J. , Illsley‐Kemp F. , Hughes E. C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractVolcanic tremor is a crucial indicator for assessing the state and hazard potential of volcanic systems. At Whakaari (White Island volcano, Aotearoa New Zealand), a pulsed tremor signal emerged after a hydrothermal explosion in August 2012. The tremor accompanied the extrusion of a lava dome, before gradually disappearing prior to the onset of renewed hydrothermal activity in January 2013. We interpret this seismic signal to represent discrete gas transfers from a magmatic intrusion toward a permeable cap—possibly a hydrothermal seal—in the upper layers of Whakaari's hydrothermal system. Such tremor may thus be associated with heightened potential for hazardous explosive activity but is difficult to detect using conventional seismic monitoring parameters. To highlight the emergence of subtle periodic signals, we experiment with Lomb‐Scargle periodograms (LS). LS detect the tremor 5 days before it becomes visible in seismograms, thus facilitating the recognition of such elusive seismic patterns.