bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When Dignity and Honor Cultures Negotiate: Finding Common Ground
Authors: Fosse Sebastien M. , Ogliastri Enrique , Rendon María Isabel 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDignity and honor cultures are thought to yield dramatically different processes and outcomes in cross‐cultural negotiations. We challenge this conceptual dichotomy through the qualitative analysis of negotiation accounts by practitioners and graduate students. Drawing on self‐worth theory, we reexamine the delineation and contrast of dignity and honor cultures as they manifest in negotiations between French and Latin American people. According to our set of interviews and written narratives, negotiators on the two sides share a large set of perceptions of French negotiating behavior, coalescing into three main components—conventionality, pride in historical legacy, and conflict proneness. This French behavior falls into neither cultural category, but rather demonstrates the possibility of hybrids between them. We discuss implications for theory, practice, and teaching of cross‐cultural understanding, and, specifically, of the French negotiating style.
Preserving ecologically sensitive hotspots under endogenous regulation and valuation constraints
Authors: Ranjan Ram 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe model tradeoffs arising between protecting biodiversity hotspots and promoting economic growth in developing economies. Environmental valuation and economic growth are assumed to be inherently linked, whereas, the ability to enforce stricter environmental regulations is constrained by the presence of regulator‐commercial nexus. A dynamic optimization framework is adopted to derive optimal time path of forest acreage preservation efforts from the perspective of a regulator, whose utility function may not be fully aligned with that of the society. Results indicate that due to the presence of a regulator‐commercial nexus, the regulator's optimal plan leads to a discounting of biodiversity preservation goals in favor of short‐term economic growth. Further, when the degradation of the environment provides negative feedback to local economic growth, the regulator's optimal plan deviates significantly from the socially optimal plan, resulting in losses to both economic growth and the biodiversity.Recommendations for Resource Managers
Regulator‐commercial nexus can undermine the goal of preserving biodiversity hotspots. A regulator having significant nexus with the commercial exploiters of biodiversity would underinvest toward biodiversity preservation efforts.
The resulting lax environmental regulations, even though they may appear to be providing beneficial results to the economy in the short term, could harm the environment as well as the economy in the long term. Short‐term economic gains that materialize through the overexploitation of the biodiversity also help disguise and sustain the regulator‐commercial nexus.
When environmental degradation could provide negative feedback to economic growth, the differences in biodiversity preservation efforts under a socially optimal plan and that under a regulator‐commercial nexus stand in sharp contrast. A socially optimal plan leads to lower rate of economic growth in the short term; however, the long‐term outcomes for the environment as well as the economy are significantly higher as compared to what is possible under a regulator‐commercial nexus.
The treatment of diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis with oral bisphosphonates
Authors: Taylor H. , Patel V. , Matharu J. , Kwok J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDiffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis (DSO) is a rare inflammatory disease of bone. The underlying cause is poorly understood and traditional management techniques have struggled to provide patients with adequate relief. A number of reports in the literature have described the use of bisphosphonates to manage DSO; however, these have predominantly been associated with the intravenous formulation. Understandably, there is an element of angst due to its underlying and well‐recognised risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw. In this article, we review the literature for the management of DSO including the novel approach of using bisphosphonates. As an example, we present a case of a 56‐year‐old female with DSO where conventional therapies failed to manage her symptoms; however, treatment with oral alendronic acid led to complete and sustained resolution. This case in conjunction with additional reported cases provides further evidence of the value of bisphosphonates in DSO and highlights that the use of oral bisphosphonates can be successful and could be a viable consideration prior to the use of intravenous versions.
On the Asymmetry between Twin Earth and Inverted Earth
Authors: Benbaji Hagit 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA crucial disanalogy between Twin Earth and Inverted Earth undermines qualia‐internalism. A recent transplant to Inverted Earth has been equipped with color‐inverting contact lenses, so that she is unable to see the colors of objects whereas a recent transplant to Twin Earth can see twater. It is implausible to think that time alone could rectify this perceptual shortcoming – that the passage of time could alter the contents of her visual perceptions or the meaning of her color terms. Thus, the thought experiment does not refute the close tie between phenomenology and representation in the case of color.
The patient‐centered acne severity scale study
Authors: Patel Deepa P. , Bernardis Elena , Yan Albert C. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAcne is one of the most common skin conditions seen by dermatologists. As with many other cutaneous diseases, due to its visibility, acne often produces a large psychosocial impact on patients who suffer from the disease. Such psychosocial burdens are exacerbated by the variation in acne presentation that can lead to the usage of multiple different treatments before visible improvements are appreciated. Although many scales have been established to determine severity from the clinician standpoint, patient‐oriented scales are lacking. Clinicians use these severity tools to guide management and judge patient improvement from visit to visit. Creation of such a severity scale from a patient's perspective would allow patients to not only assess their perception of their acne independent of a physician but could also be used to determine patient satisfaction with treatment that would then help to more effectively guide management. Therefore the goal of this study is to create and validate a patient‐centered acne severity scale using a visual analogue scale format.
Low risk of treatment resistance in Down syndrome with Kawasaki disease
Authors: Takatsuki Shinichi , Ogata Shohei , Ishii Masahiro , Yokozawa Masato , Ono Masae , Fujiwara Masako , Ida Hiroyuki , Motomura Hideki , Moriuchi Hiroyuki , Taketazu Mio , Kawamura Yoichi , Kawano Tatsuya , Izumi Tatsuro , Shiono Junko , Tsuchiya Shiro , Tsuchiya Keiji , Goushi Terufumi , Ichida Fukiko , Saji Tsutomu 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundA Japanese nationwide survey has reported that Down syndrome (DS) is a less‐frequently occurring comorbidity in Kawasaki disease (KD). Although altered immune responses are frequently observed in DS, no studies have focused on the treatment response and risk for coronary artery abnormalities (CAA) in DS patients with KD. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the clinical manifestations, treatment response and prevalence of CAA in DS with KD.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of DS patients with KD from 2005 through 2012. The survey questionnaires were sent to facilities nationwide, and clinical data regarding KD in DS were collected. A control group consisted of non‐DS patients with KD who were managed at Toho University.ResultsOf the 94 233 children diagnosed with acute KD from 2005 to 2012, 16 children with acute KD also had DS (0.017%). The DS‐KD patients were significantly older than the non‐DS patients (median, 8 years vs 1 year, P < 0.05, respectively). Half of the DS patients had incomplete KD. Although 50% of the DS children were at high risk of immunoglobulin resistance, all children responded to initial treatment and none had CAA.ConclusionsAll DS‐KD patients responded to initial i.v. immunoglobulin (IVIG) or aspirin despite having a high risk of IVIG resistance, and none of the DS patients had CAA. This suggests that the risk of treatment resistance and development of CAA may be not higher in DS patients with acute KD.
Mutualism between co‐occurring plant species in South Africa's Mediterranean climate heathland is mediated by birds
Authors: Pauw A. , Johnson C. M. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Interactions among plant species via pollinators vary from competitive to mutualistic and can influence the probability of stable coexistence of plant species. We aimed to determine the nature of the interaction via flower visitors between Leucospermum conocarpodendron and Mimetes fimbriifolius, two shrubs in the Proteaceae that share many ecological traits and coexist on the Cape Peninsula, South Africa.

To assess the extent of pollinator sharing we analysed nectar properties and recorded the pollinator fauna, their behaviour and contribution to seed set. To test for competition via interspecific pollen transfer, we recorded the movement patterns of pollinators and quantified pollen loads. To determine the effect of co‐flowering on visitation rates we recorded visits in stands that varied in the density of the two species.

We found that the species produce similar rewards and share pollinating Cape Sugarbirds (Promerops cafer). Interspecific pollen transfer is avoided by placing pollen on different parts of the bird. Both species are visited by nectar‐thieving Orange‐breasted Sunbirds (Anthobaphes violacea). Insects and autonomous self‐pollination contributed little to seed set. Pollinator visits increased with conspecific density in both species, and the slope of the increase was steepest in the presence of high densities of the co‐occurring plant species. Nectar thief visits also increased with conspecific density in both species, but the slope declined with increasing density of the co‐occurring species.

Co‐occurrence enhanced pollinator visits and alleviated nectar robbing in both plant species, consistent with mutualisms. Mutualism within a trophic level is unusual, but may help to explain the stable coexistence of ecologically similar species.
Temporal dynamics of reactive cognitive control as revealed by event‐related brain potentials
Authors: Von Gunten Curtis D. , Volpert‐Esmond Hannah I. , Bartholow Bruce D. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractReactive cognitive control refers to a complementary set of cognitive operations by which individuals monitor for and detect the presence of goal‐interfering conflict (i.e., conflict monitoring/evaluation) and, subsequently, initiate attention‐focusing and response selection processes to bolster goal‐directed action in the face of such conflict (regulative control). The purpose of the current study was to characterize the nature of conflict adaptation in both components of this dynamic process across sequences of trials and, more broadly, across time as participants complete a cognitive control task. Fifty‐two young adults completed a standard arrow flanker task while behavioral and ERP data were recorded. Multilevel modeling of sequences of compatible and incompatible trials over time showed that, whereas response time data demonstrated a typical conflict adaptation effect throughout the task, N2 and frontal slow wave (FSW) indices of conflict monitoring and regulative control, respectively, demonstrated significant conflict adaptation only during the early part of the task. Moreover, although differential change in N2 and FSW over time suggested that conflict monitoring and regulative control were dissociable, a reciprocal relation between them was maintained throughout the task and was not present in a component theoretically unrelated to conflict adaptation (visual attention‐related N1). Findings are discussed in terms of compensatory processes that help to maintain goal‐directed performance even as control‐related neural responses become fatigued.
A Plea from a Former Careerist to Presidential Appointees
Authors: Ali Susannah Bruns 
Published: September 2017

Related Content: Balfour (PAR November/December 2017)Related Content: Nickels (PAR November/December 2017)Related Content: Zeemering (PAR November/December 2017)Related Content: Hamilton (PAR November/December 2017)Related Content: Schachter (PAR November/December 2017)Related Content: Holzer (PAR November/December 2017)
Restoring Faith in Government: A Sisyphean Task?
Authors: Hamilton Mary R. 
Published: September 2017

Related Content: Balfour (PAR November/December 2017)Related Content: Nickels (PAR November/December 2017)Related Content: Zeemering (PAR November/December 2017)Related Content: Ali (PAR November/December 2017)Related Content: Schachter (PAR November/December 2017)Related Content: Holzer (PAR November/December 2017)
Effect of freezing bull semen in two non‐egg yolk extenders on post‐thaw sperm quality
Authors: Lima‐Verde IB , Johannisson A , Ntallaris T , Al‐Essawe E , Al‐Kass Z , Nongbua T , Dórea F , Lundeheim N , Kupisiewicz K , Edman A , Morrell JM 
Published: September 2017

ContentsTraditionally, extenders for bull semen included egg yolk or milk, but recently there has been a move to avoid material of animal origin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two commercial extenders (based on soya lecithin and liposomes) on bull sperm quality after cryopreservation. Post‐thaw sperm quality was evaluated by computer‐assisted sperm analysis and flow cytometric assessment of membrane integrity, chromatin integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, production of reactive oxygen species and tyrosine phosphorylation. Furthermore, an artificial insemination (AI) trial was conducted, and 56‐day non‐return rates were evaluated. Semen frozen in the liposome‐based extender showed similar membrane integrity and higher mitochondrial membrane potential compared to those in the soya lecithin‐based extender. Chromatin integrity and production of live H2O2+ reactive oxygen species were similar in both extenders. Less superoxide was produced in the samples extended with liposome‐based extender, with or without menadione stimulation. Chromatin integrity and tyrosine phosphorylation were not affected by either type of extender. No differences in 56‐day non‐return rate between extenders containing soya lecithin and liposomes were observed in the AI trial (66% ± 0.8 and 65% ± 0.8, respectively). In conclusion, the sperm quality of bull semen frozen in the two extenders that do not contain material of animal origin was similar, although the semen frozen in the liposome‐based extender had higher mitochondrial membrane potential. Either extender could be used in situations where extenders containing material of animal origin are to be avoided.
Is Tinkering with Institutional Quality a Panacea for Firm Performance? Insights from a Semiparametric Approach to Modeling Firm Performance
Authors: Bhaumik Sumon Kumar , Dimova Ralitza , Kumbhakar Subal C. , Sun Kai 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThere is a large and growing literature on the impact of institutional quality on economic performance and the broad consensus is that “good” institutions facilitate better economic performance. The literature that provides micro‐level support for the policy discourse about institutional quality does not, however, account for significant intra‐country variation in reactions of firms to changes in business environments, even within the same industry, and it generally ignores the possibility that the impact of institutional quality on firm performance may not be neutral. In this paper, we analyze the impact of institutions on firm performance using an approach that enables us to overcome these problems with the stylized approach. Using cross‐country firm‐level data, we demonstrate that not only does the marginal impact of institutional quality vary significantly within countries, but also that the impact is economically significant only at the two extremes of the distribution. We view this as prima facie evidence that policies that tinker with institutional quality on the basis of the popular wisdom about the impact of these institutions on the average firm may not have the desired or expected impact, at least at the micro level.
Corruption: The good, the bad, and the uncertain
Authors: Bologna Pavlik Jamie 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis paper argues that the relationship between corruption and economic growth is dependent upon the uncertainty involved. Employing data on a cross‐section of countries, this paper uses an interaction between the frequency of bribery payments and the uncertainty regarding the delivery of the service in exchange for these bribes to show that corruption has a negative association with growth unless the uncertainty is minimal. Furthermore, the negative association becomes larger in magnitude with higher levels of uncertainty. At extremely high levels of uncertainty a relatively small increase in corruption, equivalent to moving from Sweden to the United States for example, is associated with economically large decreases in economic growth.
Role of Intracystic Cytokines and Nitric Oxide in Ovarian Neoplasms
Authors: Martins‐Filho A. , Jammal M. P. , Micheli D. C. , Tavares‐Murta B. M. , Etchebehere R. M. , Murta E. F. C. , Nomelini R. S. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe development of new biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian cancer may provide an opportunity for new therapies. In this study, we aimed to compare cytokines (interleukin [IL]‐2, IL‐5, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10 and tumour necrosis factor [TNF]‐α) and nitric oxide (NO) metabolite levels in non‐neoplastic tumours, benign primary ovarian tumours and malignant primary ovarian neoplasms. The secondary aim was to relate cytokine and intracystic NO metabolite levels to clinical, laboratory and pathologic characteristics for patients with primary ovarian malignancies. We evaluated 110 patients with adnexal masses. Cytokine concentrations were quantified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and nitrate concentrations by enzymatic reduction of nitrite by nitrate reductase. Patients with malignant neoplasms had higher IL‐6, IL‐8 and NO levels compared to patients with benign neoplasms. Histologic grade 1 tumours were associated with elevated IL‐2 levels, whereas anaemia was associated with elevated IL‐6 levels. On average, those patients with elevated IL‐8 levels also had a neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) greater than 2.6 and less than 36 months of disease‐free survival (DFS). Patients with normal CA 19‐9 levels had elevated IL‐10 levels. TNF‐α was elevated in patients with two carcinogenesis and those with a platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) less than 300. NO levels were higher in patients with an NLR less than 2.6 and CA 19‐9 greater than 35 U/ml. Elevated intracystic cytokine levels, especially IL‐6 and IL‐8, are associated with worse prognosis in ovarian cancer.
Experience of Health Care Services After a Suicide Attempt: Results from an Online Survey
Authors: Shand Fiona L. , Batterham Philip J. , Chan Jade K.Y. , Pirkis Jane , Spittal Matthew J. , Woodward Alan , Christensen Helen 
Published: September 2017

Failure to provide follow‐up care after a suicide attempt is associated with increased risk of reattempt. This online survey examined the experiences of patients of the Australian health system after a suicide attempt. Just over half of the participants had a psychiatric assessment within 1 week of their attempt. Fewer than half believed they had been offered enough help. Low service satisfaction was associated with lower help‐seeking intentions. Support for individuals who have made a suicide attempt needs to be enhanced, and an integrated approach to care is required, including improved referral pathways and staff attitudinal change.
CLD1/SRL1 modulates leaf rolling by affecting cell wall formation, epidermis integrity and water homeostasis in rice
Authors: Li Wen‐Qiang , Zhang Min‐Juan , Gan Peng‐Fei , Qiao Lei , Yang Shuai‐Qi , Miao Hai , Wang Gang‐Feng , Zhang Mao‐Mao , Liu Wen‐Ting , Li Hai‐Feng , Shi Chun‐Hai , Chen Kun‐Ming 
Published: September 2017

SummaryLeaf rolling is considered as one of the most important agronomic traits in rice breeding. It has been previously reported that SEMI‐ROLLED LEAF 1 (SRL1) modulates leaf rolling by regulating the formation of bulliform cells in rice (Oryza sativa); however, the regulatory mechanism underlying SRL1 has yet to be further elucidated. Here, we report the functional characterization of a novel leaf‐rolling mutant, curled leaf and dwarf 1 (cld1), with multiple morphological defects. Map‐based cloning revealed that CLD1 is allelic with SRL1, and loses function in cld1 through DNA methylation. CLD1/SRL1 encodes a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)‐anchored membrane protein that modulates leaf rolling and other aspects of rice growth and development. The cld1 mutant exhibits significant decreases in cellulose and lignin contents in secondary cell walls of leaves, indicating that the loss of function of CLD1/SRL1 affects cell wall formation. Furthermore, the loss of CLD1/SRL1 function leads to defective leaf epidermis such as bulliform‐like epidermal cells. The defects in leaf epidermis decrease the water‐retaining capacity and lead to water deficits in cld1 leaves, which contribute to the main cause of leaf rolling. As a result of the more rapid water loss and lower water content in leaves, cld1 exhibits reduced drought tolerance. Accordingly, the loss of CLD1/SRL1 function causes abnormal expression of genes and proteins associated with cell wall formation, cuticle development and water stress. Taken together, these findings suggest that the functional roles of CLD1/SRL1 in leaf‐rolling regulation are closely related to the maintenance of cell wall formation, epidermal integrity and water homeostasis.
How do I … manage the platelet transfusion–refractory patient?
Authors: Juskewitch Justin E. , Norgan Andrew P. , De Goey Steven R. , Duellman Patti M. , Wakefield Laurie L. , Gandhi Manish J. , Stubbs James R. , Kreuter Justin D. 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUNDPlatelet transfusion–refractoriness is a challenging and expensive clinical scenario seen most often in patients with hematologic malignancies. Although the majority of platelet transfusion–refractory cases are due to nonimmune causes, a significant minority are caused by alloimmunization against Class I human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) or human platelet antigens (HPAs). Such platelet transfusion–refractory patients can be effectively managed with appropriate antigen‐negative products.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSOur institution has developed a diagnostic and management algorithm for the platelet transfusion–refractory patient with an early focus on identifying those cases caused by immune‐mediated factors. Using physical platelet cross‐matches to initially classify platelet transfusion–refractory patients as immune‐mediated or not, cross‐match–compatible inventory is then provided to immune‐mediated patients, whereas subsequent HLA (with or without HPA) testing is performed.RESULTSOur blood donor program performs Class I HLA typing of all repeat platelet donors to facilitate the identification of antigen‐negative platelet units (virtual cross‐matching) as well as the recruitment of HLA‐matched donors. The platelet transfusion–refractoriness algorithm realizes an initial net cost savings once two apheresis platelets are saved from use for each newly identified, immune‐mediated platelet transfusion–refractory patient.CONCLUSIONAn algorithm utilizing physical platelet cross‐matches, Class I HLA and HPA antibody testing, and upfront Class I HLA typing of platelet donors leads to overall resource savings and improved clinical management for platelet transfusion–refractory patients.