bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental imaging in orthotopic renal cell carcinoma xenograft models: comparative evaluation of high-resolution 3D ultrasonography, in-vivo micro-CT and 9.4T MRI
Authors: Linxweiler Johannes , Körbel Christina , Müller Andreas , Jüngel Eva , Blaheta Roman , Heinzelmann Joana , Stöckle Michael , Junker Kerstin , Menger Michael D. , Saar Matthias 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to comparatively evaluate high-resolution 3D ultrasonography (hrUS), in-vivo micro-CT (μCT) and 9.4T MRI for the monitoring of tumor growth in an orthotopic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) xenograft model since there is a lack of validated, non-invasive imaging tools for this purpose. 1 × 106 Caki-2 RCC cells were implanted under the renal capsule of 16 immunodeficient mice. Local and systemic tumor growth were monitored by regular hrUS, μCT and MRI examinations. Cells engrafted in all mice and gave rise to exponentially growing, solid tumors. All imaging techniques allowed to detect orthotopic tumors and to precisely calculate their volumes. While tumors appeared homogenously radiolucent in μCT, hrUS and MRI allowed for a better visualization of intratumoral structures and surrounding soft tissue. Examination time was the shortest for hrUS, followed by μCT and MRI. Tumor volumes determined by hrUS, μCT and MRI showed a very good correlation with each other and with caliper measurements at autopsy. 10 animals developed pulmonary metastases being well detectable by μCT and MRI. In conclusion, each technique has specific strengths and weaknesses, so the one(s) best suitable for a specific experiment may be chosen individually.
Erfahrungen außerklinisch invasiv und nicht invasiv beatmeter Menschen – eine systematische Literaturrecherche qualitativer Forschungen
Authors: Nelißen V. , Metzing S. , Schnepp W. 
Published: October 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Menschen können nach einem Lungenversagen oder aufgrund einer neurodegenerativen Erkrankung außerklinisch beatmet werden. Dies kann in verschiedenen Wohnformen erfolgen. Der vorliegende Artikel geht der Frage nach, welche Erfahrungen außerklinisch invasiv beatmete Menschen machten und wie sie ihr nun neues Leben gestalten.
Methodik Aufgrund einer systematischen Literaturrecherche wurden qualitative Studien analysiert, die die soziale Wirklichkeit außerklinisch invasiv und nicht invasiv beatmeter Menschen abbilden.
Ergebnisse Es konnten elf internationale Studien mit einem qualitativen Forschungsdesign identifiziert werden. Studien, die die Erfahrungen invasiv beatmeter Menschen in Deutschland untersuchen, fehlen bislang noch. Die Analyse führte zu den Themenfeldern: Erleben des Beatmungsbeginns, Leben mit der Beatmung, Sicherheit, Familienleben, Stigmatisierung und ein Leben in Abhängigkeit, jedoch selbstbestimmt.
Schlussfolgerung Menschen, die außerklinisch invasiv oder nicht invasiv beatmet werden müssen, fällt es schwer, sich für die Beatmung und den richtigen Zeitpunkt des Beginns der Beatmung zu entscheiden. Mit der Beatmung verbinden sie dann wieder ein positives Lebensgefühl. Um ein selbstbestimmtes und aktives Leben den Menschen auch mit einer invasiven Beatmung zu ermöglichen, ist es für Gesundheitsdienstleister wichtig, die Bedürfnisse beatmeter Menschen zu kennen und sich individuell darauf einzustellen.
Medizinische Aspekte bei Lawinenunfällen – ein Update
Authors: Maeder Monika , Rauch Simon , Strapazzon Giacomo , Brugger Hermann 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungLawinenunfälle haben eine durchschnittliche Mortalität von 25 %. Vier Faktoren sind ausschlaggebend für das Überleben der Opfer: Ausmaß und Dauer der Verschüttung, ein offener Atemweg und die Schwere der erlittenen Verletzungen. Dieser Artikel liefert eine Übersicht über pathophysiologische Aspekte der Lawinenverschüttung sowie die aktuellen Empfehlungen für die präklinische und innerklinische Behandlung von Lawinenopfern. Das European Resuscitation Council ERC hat klare und bindende Empfehlungen für die medizinische Versorgung herausgegeben. ECLS (Extracorporeal Life Support), das heißt die Behandlung von Lawinenopfern mittels aktiv-invasiven Aufwärmmethoden, ist indiziert, wenn die Verschüttungsdauer mehr als 60 Minuten, die Kerntemperatur < 30°, das Kalium < 8mmol/l ist und ein offener Atemweg vorhanden war. Zusätzlich haben die Schwere der Verletzungen und eine gut funktionierende Rettungskette einen gewichtigen Einfluss auf das Überleben der Opfer. Eine Lawinencheckliste wurde entwickelt, um die Entscheidungsfindung prähospital zu vereinfachen und die Übergabe an die klinisch tätigen Teams zu optimieren.
Differenzialdiagnose bei mediastinaler und hilärer Lymphadenopathie mit Fokus auf berufsbedingte Krankheitsbilder
Authors: Lux H. , Cavalcante L. , Baur X. 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungHiläre und mediastinale Lymphadenopathie stellen nicht selten eine klinisch-diagnostische Herausforderung dar. Diese systematische Darstellung relevanter Pathologien, fokussiert auf berufsbedingte Krankheitsbilder, soll die Differenzialdiagnostik erleichtern. Vergleichend werden u. a. Befunde der Tuberkulose, der chronischen Berylliose, der Sarkoidose, des Lungenkrebses, des malignen Lymphoms, der Epstein-Barr-Virusinfektion und der Histoplasmose gegenübergestellt.Anamnese, Bildgebung und Labortests geben wichtige diagnostische Hinweise, aber auch invasive Methoden zum Ausschluss und Nachweis von Malignität, Infektion oder autoimmuner Genese können indiziert sein.
The Influence of BIS Monitoring on Sedative Dose in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Open Muscle Biopsies – a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Tschiedel Eva , Müller Oliver , Marina Adela , Felderhoff-Müser Ursula , Dohna-Schwake Christian 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Background The use of Propofol and Remifentanil for analgosedation in children is common and safe. For sedation monitoring clinical scores as Comfort Score (CS) as well as bispectral index (BIS) are frequently applied. The impact of BIS for sedation monitoring in pediatric patients is still under debate. This prospective study aims to investigate whether dual sedation monitoring of CS and BIS compared with monitoring of CS alone during muscle biopsies in children can reduce sedative doses, reduce awakening time and prevent complications.
Methods 50 pediatric patients requiring sedation for open muscle biopsy were prospectively enrolled. Analgosedation was performed with remifentanil and propofol. Patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups: In 25 patients, sedation was monitored using CS alone, and in 25 patients CS and BIS monitoring were simultaneously applied. The primary outcome was the propofol dose applied during muscle biopsy. Secondary outcome parameters were recovery time and the frequency of complications.
Results The median CS during the intervention in both groups was equal (11, P=1.000). The median BIS in group 2 was 59. No complications occurred in either group. There was no difference in propofol dose in either group (8.4 vs. 7.2 mg/kg/h; P=0.58) and no difference in the duration until eye opening (9 vs. 11 min; P=0.081).
Conclusion For children undergoing minor surgical procedures under analgosedation, BIS monitoring does not affect the sedative dose, the time until eye opening or the frequency of complications.
Ingesting A Sports Drink Enhances Simulated Ice Hockey Performance While Reducing Perceived Effort
Authors: Palmer Matthew , Heigenhauser George , Duong MyLinh , Spriet Lawrence 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study determined whether ingesting a carbohydrate-electrolyte solution (CES) vs. progressive dehydration affected skeletal muscle glycogen use and performance in ice hockey players during simulated ice hockey exercise comprised of 3 active “periods”. Seven males (21.3±0.3 years, 184.7±1.2 cm, 84.2±3.9 kg, and 49.6±1.8 mL·kg−1·min−1) performed a hockey-specific protocol on two occasions and either dehydrated progressively (NF), or stayed well-hydrated by ingesting a CES. Muscle biopsies were taken at rest, before the 3rd period (P3), and after the final sprint in the protocol. Compared to dehydration in the NF trial (−1.8% BM), CES ingestion enhanced voluntary performance (151.0±8.0 vs. 144.1±8.7 kJ) and glycogen use (177.5±31.1 vs. 103.5±16.2 mmol·kg dm−1), and reduced perceived exertion (16±1 vs. 18±1) in P3. Mean core temperature was reduced by CES ingestion throughout the protocol (38.0±0.2 vs. 38.1±0.1°C). These results suggest that compared to progressive dehydration, staying hydrated by ingesting a CES helps preserve performance, while reducing thermal and perceptual strains, in P3 of cycle-based simulation of ice hockey exercise. These benefits are observed despite greater glycogen use in P3 with CES ingestion.
Lack of BACE1 S-palmitoylation reduces amyloid burden and mitigates memory deficits in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Andrew Robert J. , Fernandez Celia G. , Stanley Molly , Jiang Hong , Nguyen Phuong , Rice Richard C. , Buggia-Prévot Virginie , De Rossi Pierre , Vetrivel Kulandaivelu S. , Lamb Raza , Argemi Arnau , Allaert Emilie S. , Rathbun Elle M. , Krause Sofia V. , Wagner Steven L. , Parent Angèle T. , Holtzman David M. , Thinakaran Gopal 
Published: October 2017

Significance
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder for which no preventative drug or cure is currently available. BACE1 is a key enzyme that initiates the production of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ), which accumulate in AD brain and contribute to cognitive decline. BACE1 undergoes S-palmitoylation, a lipid modification that is known to regulate neuronal protein trafficking. We investigated the in vivo significance of BACE1 S-palmitoylation by generating knock-in mice selectively lacking this modification. The lack of BACE1 S-palmitoylation impaired synaptic activity-induced Aβ production, significantly reduced cerebral amyloid burden in AD mouse models, and mitigated cognitive deficits. Using transgenic mouse models, our results demonstrate that intrinsic posttranslational S-palmitoylation of BACE1 has a significant impact on amyloid pathogenesis and the consequent cognitive decline.
Numerous interactions act redundantly to assemble a tunable size of P bodies in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Rao Bhalchandra S. , Parker Roy 
Published: October 2017

Significance
RNA–protein (RNP) granules contribute to spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes. RNP granules have also been implicated in the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. Insights into mechanisms of assembly and disassembly are fundamental to understanding the biology of RNP granules. In this manuscript, we provide evidence to support a model for P-body assembly which suggests that a summation of scaffolding interactions drives P-body assembly and scales the size of P body-related assemblies. Since the multivalent nature of factors and scaffolding interactions is a conserved feature of most RNP granules, our model provides an overarching theme for how other RNP granules in biology could assemble and function in vivo.
Quantitative proteomics identifies STEAP4 as a critical regulator of mitochondrial dysfunction linking inflammation and colon cancer
Authors: Xue Xiang , Bredell Bryce X. , Anderson Erik R. , Martin Angelical , Mays Christopher , Nagao-Kitamoto Hiroko , Huang Sha , Győrffy Balázs , Greenson Joel K. , Hardiman Karin , Spence Jason R. , Kamada Nobuhiko , Shah Yatrik M. 
Published: October 2017

Significance
Inflammation is a major risk factor for many cancers and the role of metabolic reprogramming in the inflammatory progression of cancer is not clear. We used a quantitative proteomic approach to identify mitochondrial proteins that are altered early in intestinal inflammation. We show that mitochondrial iron dysregulation is an early event that initiates mitochondrial dysfunction. Through the proteomic analysis, we identified a mitochondrial iron reductase, six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 4 (STEAP4), as being highly elevated during inflammation. Using intestinal epithelial-specific STEAP4 mice, we show that an increase in STEAP4 is sufficient to alter mitochondrial iron homeostasis. Chronic increase in mitochondrial iron leads to tissue injury and potentiates colon cancer, whereas mitochondrial iron chelation is protective in colitis and colitis-associated colon cancer models.
Requirement of the fusogenic micropeptide myomixer for muscle formation in zebrafish
Authors: Shi Jun , Bi Pengpeng , Pei Jimin , Li Hui , Grishin Nick V. , Bassel-Duby Rhonda , Chen Elizabeth H. , Olson Eric N. 
Published: October 2017

Significance
The formation of skeletal muscle fibers during embryogenesis and adult injury-induced muscle repair occurs through the fusion of myoblasts. We recently discovered myomixer, a muscle-specific micropeptide required for myoblast fusion in mice. Myomixer and myomaker, another muscle-specific membrane protein, are sufficient to induce fusion of nonmuscle cells. Here, we extend these findings and demonstrate the requirement of myomixer for zebrafish myoblast fusion. We also demonstrate a striking functional conservation of myomixer in zebrafish, elephant shark, and turtle among other species. Comparison of conserved regions of myomixer in these species led to the identification of peptide domains essential for myomixer function. Our findings provide further understanding of the mechanistic basis of myomixer function and muscle cell fusion during development and regeneration.
Lifetime Marijuana and Alcohol use, and Cognitive Dysfunction in People with Human Immunodeficiency virus Infection
Authors: Lorkiewicz Sara A. , Ventura Alicia S. , Heeren Timothy C. , Winter Michael R. , Walley Alexander Y. , Sullivan Meg , Samet Jeffrey H. , Saitz Richard 
Published: October 2017

Background Substance use is common among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Alcohol, marijuana, and HIV can have negative effects on cognition. Associations between current and lifetime marijuana and alcohol use and cognitive dysfunction in people with HIV infection were examined. Methods Some 215 HIV-infected adults with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) substance dependence or ever injection drug use were studied. In adjusted cross-sectional regression analyses associations were assessed between current marijuana use, current heavy alcohol use, lifetime marijuana use, lifetime alcohol use, duration of heavy alcohol use (the independent variables), and 3 measures of cognitive dysfunction (dependent variables): both the (i) memory and (ii) attention domains from the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the (iii) 4-item cognitive function scale (CF4) from the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey (MOS-HIV). Analyses were adjusted for demographics, primary language, depressive symptoms, anxiety, comorbidities, antiretroviral therapy, hepatitis C virus (ever), duration of HIV infection (years), HIV-viral load (log copies/mL), CD4 cell count, lifetime and recent cocaine use, and recent illicit and prescribed opioid use. Results Current marijuana use was significantly and negatively associated with the MOS-HIV CF4 score (adjusted mean difference = −0.40, P = .01). Current marijuana use was not significantly associated with either MoCA score. Lifetime marijuana use and current heavy and lifetime alcohol use and duration of heavy alcohol use were not associated with any measure of cognitive dysfunction. Conclusion Current marijuana use was associated with one measure of cognitive dysfunction, but there was not a consistent pattern of association with lifetime marijuana use or alcohol use and measures of cognitive dysfunction. Understanding the mechanism by which marijuana, with and without alcohol, are associated with worse cognition warrants larger, longer studies with more precise and diverse measurements of cognitive function.
Spatial-temporal variability of total and size-fractionated phytoplankton biomass in the Yangtze River Estuary and adjacent East China Sea coastal waters, China
Authors: Zhou Weihua , Yin Kedong , Long Aimin , Huang Hui , Huang Liangmin , Zhu Dedi 
Published: October 2017

The spatial and seasonal dynamics of total and size-fractionated phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll- a) as well as physical and chemical factors in the Yangtze River Estuary and adjacent East China Sea coastal waters were investigated from April 2002 to February 2003. Average surface total and water column integrated chlorophyll a biomass showed a clear seasonal variation in response to the Yangtze River discharge, with the highest in summer (∼4 mg m−3 and &gt;60 mg m−2), intermediate in spring and autumn (∼1 mg m−3 and 26–28 mg m−2), and the lowest in winter (0.5 mg m−3 and &lt;20 mg m−2). Summer maximum chlorophyll a concentrations (&gt;10 mg m−3) occurred at intermediate salinities (∼20–30) region beyond the front zone between 112.5°E and 123°E with sufficient nutrients replenishment for phytoplankton growth. Generally, spatial distribution of size-fractionated phytoplankton showed that phytoplankton biomass was dominated by the large size fraction (&gt;20 μm) in the turbid eutrophic estuarine and near-shore waters, while the small-sized phytoplankton (&lt;5 μm) were dominant in the offshore stations. Phosphate was the main limiting nutrient of phytoplankton biomass in river diluted water and most near-shore stations, while dissolved inorganic nitrogen became the potential limiting nutrient in some offshore stations, except for summer when phosphate limited almost all in the whole investigation region. Controlling the inputs of phosphate loading from the Yangtze River is one of the most effective strategies for reducing the increasing eutrophication and occurrences of harmful algal blooms in Yangtze River Estuary and adjacent East China Sea coastal waters.
Litter composition and source contribution for 80 beaches in Greece, Eastern Mediterranean: A nationwide voluntary clean-up campaign
Authors: Kordella S. , Geraga M. , Papatheodorou G. , Fakiris E. , Mitropoulou I. M. 
Published: October 2017

Litter that accumulates in the marine environment is recognized as a global environmental problem with numerous adverse effects. Despite Greece having more than 16,000 km of coastline, studies on litter composition and sources on its beaches are scarce and fragmentary. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify beach-stranded litter by type of material (plastic, glass, paper, aluminum, other metals, building materials, rope) on 80 Greek beaches, and to explore the relationships between different litter materials and marine- and land-based sources. Field work and data collection were accomplished with the participation of 10,938 and 15,748 volunteers in 2006 and 2007, respectively, and were integrated in the nationwide campaign of voluntary beach clean-ups: “Clean up the Med.” The participation of thousands of volunteers of different ages and social backgrounds in the data collection process not only led to the realization of a national level survey, but also played a significant role in raising public awareness on marine environmental issues, and in promoting a sense of responsibility in protecting marine resources. Plastic was the most abundant litter material found on the surveyed beaches (43–51%), followed by paper (13–18%) and aluminum (7–12%). Onshore and nearshore recreational activities, such as bathing and recreational boating, appeared to be the most dominant litter sources, as they affect the majority (56) of the surveyed beaches, suggesting that environmental education and awareness could reduce the beach-litter pollution problem. Navigation seemed to be the dominant source of marine-based litter, affecting more than half (46) of the surveyed beaches.
Deriving inherent optical property for highly turbid productive inland water from MERIS data by semi-analytical model: A case study in Taihu Lake, China
Authors: Huang C. , Chen X. , Li Y. , Yang H. , Sun D. , Le C. , Xu L. 
Published: October 2017

Remote estimation of inherent optical properties was greatly challenged by significant spatial-temporal variation and the extreme complexity of bio-optical properties in inland turbid water. The multiband quasi-analytical algorithm has advantages over traditional band ratio and semi-analytical algorithm in that it is based on the remote sensing reflectance model derived from radiative transfer equation and does not need the parameterization of absorption coefficients. An improved model, which used, was developed to retrieve inherent optical properties in high turbid inland water. As a first step, the backscattering coefficient at reference wavelength [bbp(λ0)] was retrieved directly by support vector machine optimization algorithm instead of step 2 in the quasi analytical algorithm for the high correlation between bbp(λ0) and remote sensing reflectance at the near-infrared wavelength. The second step, a semi-analytical support vector machine algorithm, was used to retrieve spectral shape of bbp(λ) instead the step 4 in the quasi analytical algorithm. Part of field-measured dataset collected on November 2006, November 2007, November 2008 and April 2009 in Taihu Lake was used to train the support vector machine model, and the other part was used to test this algorithm. Results indicated that the mean square root of percentage between the derived and measured value of bbp(532 nm) was less than 3.73% and root mean square percentage of ap(442 nm) and ap(532 nm) were 15.29% and 30.45%, respectively. Furthermore, the potential application of this algorithm to MERIS data was investigated by the reduced resolution MERIS satellite image. The result shows that satellite-derived data using the support vector machine model is consistent with in situ measured data. This study advances the semi-analytical model and broadens the application of MERIS data in highly turbid inland waters.
Long-term trends in Lake Ontario's benthic macroinvertebrate community from 1994–2008
Authors: Birkett K. , Lozano S. J. , Rudstam L. G. 
Published: October 2017

The benthic macroinvertebrate community of Lake Ontario was assessed through a lakewide survey in 2008. Diporeia was very rare throughout the lake at all depths in 2008, and only four of 52 locations had densities &gt;100 m−2, all of them at depths &gt;90 m. The maximum density of Diporeia found at any location was at 257 m−2 in 2008, which can be compared to maximum densities of 13,280 m−2 observed in 1994. Lakewide Diporeia abundance declined with an additional order of magnitude from an average of 342 m−2 in 2003 to 21 m−2 in 2008. The Quagga Mussel (D. rostriformis bugensis) dominated the benthic macroinvertebrate community in 2008, comprising over 70% of the density and 98% of the biomass. No Zebra Mussels were identified in the 2008 samples. Quagga Mussels, Oligochaetes and Chironomids were most abundant between 31 and 90 m. Sphaeriids were rare at all depths, but were more abundant at sites deeper than 90 m. Between 2003 and 2008, lakewide Dreissena abundance declined by 43% primarily due to significant declines in the 10–30 m depth region (from 6500 m−2 to 900 m−2). Dreissena did not decline significantly in the 30–90 m or over 90 m depth regions. The 2008 survey revealed a continued decline in Diporeia and Sphaeriid Clams, a replacement of Zebra Mussels by Quagga Mussels, and a decline in Quagga Mussels at depths shallower than 30 m. Oligochaetes and chironomids showed no significant changes since the 1990s.