bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
N
-Methyl-
d
-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptor Blockade Prevents Neuronal Death Induced by Zika Virus Infection
Authors: Costa Vivian V. , Del Sarto Juliana L. , Rocha Rebeca F. , Silva Flavia R. , Doria Juliana G. , Olmo Isabella G. , Marques Rafael E. , Queiroz-Junior Celso M. , Foureaux Giselle , Araújo Julia Maria S. , Cramer Allysson , Real Ana Luíza C. V. , Ribeiro Lucas S. , Sardi Silvia I. , Ferreira Anderson J. , Machado Fabiana S. , de Oliveira Antônio C. , Teixeira Antônio L. , Nakaya Helder I. , Souza Danielle G. , Ribeiro Fabiola M. , Teixeira Mauro M. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is a global health emergency that causes significant neurodegeneration. Neurodegenerative processes may be exacerbated by
N
-methyl-
d
-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-dependent neuronal excitoxicity. Here, we have exploited the hypothesis that ZIKV-induced neurodegeneration can be rescued by blocking NMDA overstimulation with memantine. Our results show that ZIKV actively replicates in primary neurons and that virus replication is directly associated with massive neuronal cell death. Interestingly, treatment with memantine or other NMDAR blockers, including dizocilpine (MK-801), agmatine sulfate, or ifenprodil, prevents neuronal death without interfering with the ability of ZIKV to replicate in these cells. Moreover,
in vivo
experiments demonstrate that therapeutic memantine treatment prevents the increase of intraocular pressure (IOP) induced by infection and massively reduces neurodegeneration and microgliosis in the brain of infected mice. Our results indicate that the blockade of NMDARs by memantine provides potent neuroprotective effects against ZIKV-induced neuronal damage, suggesting it could be a viable treatment for patients at risk for ZIKV infection-induced neurodegeneration.

IMPORTANCE
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is a global health emergency associated with serious neurological complications, including microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Infection of experimental animals with ZIKV causes significant neuronal damage and microgliosis. Treatment with drugs that block NMDARs prevented neuronal damage both
in vitro
and
in vivo
. These results suggest that overactivation of NMDARs contributes significantly to the neuronal damage induced by ZIKV infection, and this is amenable to inhibition by drug treatment.
184: KEY WORD VALIDITY RATIO (KWVR); A TOOL FOR VALIDITY OF KEYWORDS FOR BUILDING AN ACCURATE LITERATURE SEARCH STRATEGY
Authors: Gavgani Vahideh Zarea , Vahed Nafiseh 
Published: April 2017

Background and aims:Construction of a genuine Search Strategy for specific topics is almost challenging issue for accuracy of set of extracted literature. Search strategy includes multitude of fixed and relevant terms that moves in from other concepts nested in different categories. Building a pure set of all related words is dependent upon the terminology of topics, search engine algorithms of the specific database, the real information need and formation of search strategy. Without validation of the search strategy and the selection of eligible words set of extracted data will be objective for heterogeneity, especially in systematic reviews of evidence and scientometrics studies which require comprehensive and precise results. The aim of this study was to develop a tool for validation of selected keywords for systematic literature search.Methods:Based on CVI and CVR tools used for validity of contents in questionnaire building, the Key Word Validity (KWV) form was built. Semi structured Delphi with a small group discussion panel of experts was performed to validate the measures, items and contents of KWV tool. The KWV primary version was applied to assess the applicability and reliability of tool. The pilot study was conducted for identifying the best match words for retrieving the literatures for “evidence based librarianship”. Based on a literature review eligible terms and phrases were extracted.All the words, terms and phrases were inverted into the descriptive concepts after steaming that made the check list. The identified terms nested in the KWV form and were submitted to panel of 5 expert searcher and subject specialists for library and information science. KWV form was built of three criteria including essential, related but needs modification, irrelevant/nonessential. Each term was scored by experts with the three criteria. The scores were then compared with Lawshe's CVR table to confirm the validity of terms.Results:Number of five selected terms was validated for study with KWVR=1>0/99. The search was once performed with the validated terms, which were scored essential and relevant but need modification and the results were imported to EndNote; once again the search was performed with terms which was scored irrelevant and no necessary and the results were imported to EndNote to compare the number of related hits. The result showed that the search results with the KWVR identified terms would give more relevant and more comprehensive results.Conclusion:KWVR can be used as a valid tool for validating eligible terms for literature search strategy construction especially for systematic reviews and scientometrics studies.
Predicting hospitalisation duration after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: van Mourik Martijn S , Geenen Leonie M E , Delewi Ronak , Wiegerinck Esther M A , Koch Karel T , Bouma Berto J , Henriques Jose P , de Winter Robbert J , Baan Jan , Vis M. Marije 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveTranscatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is widely used as an alternative to conventional surgical aortic valve replacement. The aim of this study was to identify preprocedural predictors of duration of length of stay (LoS) after transfemoral TAVI (TF-TAVI).MethodsWe included all consecutive patients who underwent TF-TAVI at our centre between November 2010 and June 2013. Preprocedural, periprocedural and postprocedural variables were collected and evaluated to LoS. Linear regression was performed to find preprocedural predictors for total LoS.ResultsThe population consisted of 114 patients (mean age: 79.6±8.7, 32.5% male). The median total LoS was 6.5 days (5–9 days). Multivariate analysis showed that the Metabolic Equivalent score (METs) (β=−0.084, p=0.011) and diastolic blood pressure (β=−0.011, p=0.016) independently contributed to the log-transformed LoS.ConclusionMultivariate linear regression showed that lower METs and lower diastolic blood pressure were associated with prolonged LoS. Understanding patients’ physical functionality can improve logistical planning of hospital stay and selecting patients eligible for early discharge.
Diagonal rejection-based minimum variance distortionless response for fiber underwater acoustic array
Authors: Chen Yang , Zou Ling , Zhou Bin 
Published: April 2017

The high mounting precision of the fiber underwater acoustic array leads to an array manifold without perturbation. Besides, the targets are either static or slowly moving in azimuth in underwater acoustic array signal processing. Therefore, the covariance matrix can be estimated accurately by prolonging the observation time. However, this processing is limited to poor bearing resolution due to small aperture, low SNR and strong interferences. In this paper, diagonal rejection (DR) technology for Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) was developed to enhance the resolution performance. The core idea of DR is rejecting the main diagonal elements of the covariance matrix to improve the output signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR). The definition of SINR here implicitly assumes independence between the spatial filter and the received observations at which the SINR is measured. The power of noise converges on the diagonal line in the covariance matrix and then it is integrated into the output beams. With the diagonal noise rejected by a factor smaller than 1, the array weights of MVDR will concentrate on interference suppression, leading to a better resolution capability. The algorithm was theoretically proved with optimal rejecting coefficient derived under both infinite and finite snapshots scenarios. Numerical simulations were conducted with an example of a linear array with eight elements half-wavelength spaced. Both resolution and Direction-of-Arrival (DOA) performances of MVDR and DR-based MVDR (DR–MVDR) were compared under different SNR and snapshot numbers. A conclusion can be drawn that with the covariance matrix accurately estimated, DR–MVDR can provide a lower sidelobe output level and a better bearing resolution capacity than MVDR without harming the DOA performance.
Maternal Macronutrient Intake and Offspring Blood Pressure 20 Years Later
Authors: Hrolfsdottir Laufey , Halldorsson Thorhallur I. , Rytter Dorte , Bech Bodil Hammer , Birgisdottir Bryndis E. , Gunnarsdottir Ingibjorg , Granström Charlotta , Henriksen Tine Brink , Olsen Sjurdur F. , Maslova Ekaterina 
Published: April 2017

Background
Results from 2 cohort studies in Scotland established in the 1940s and 1950s (Aberdeen and Motherwell) suggested that a high protein diet during pregnancy might adversely influence offspring blood pressure at adult age. Our objective was to examine this association in the Danish Fetal Origins Cohort (DaFO88).

Methods and Results

This was a prospective birth cohort of 965 women who gave birth in 1988–1989 in Aarhus, Denmark, and whose offspring (n=434) participated in a clinical examination ≈20 years later. Macronutrient intake was assessed in gestational week 30. Multivariable adjusted linear regression was used to examine the relation between higher maternal protein intake, at the expense of carbohydrates, and offspring blood pressure (isocaloric substitution). Main analyses were adjusted for mother's age during pregnancy, prepregnancy body mass index, parity, smoking during pregnancy, educational level, and offspring's sex. The mean total energy intake was 8.7 MJ/day (SD 2.3 MJ/day). The mean energy from carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake was 51, 31, and 16 of total energy, respectively. The results showed that after adjustment, higher maternal protein intake was associated with slightly higher offspring diastolic blood pressure (highest compared with the lowest quintile of protein intake: ∆=2.4 mm Hg; 95% CI 0.4–4.4;
P=
0.03 for trend). Similar differences, although not significant, were found for systolic blood pressure (∆=2.6 mm Hg; 95%
CI
−0.0 to 5.3;
P=
0.08 for trend).

Conclusions
Higher maternal dietary protein intake at the expense of carbohydrates was associated with a modest increase in offspring blood pressure in young adulthood.
The New Era of Counterforce: Technological Change and the Future of Nuclear Deterrence
Authors: Lieber Keir A. , Press Daryl G. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Nuclear deterrence rests on the survivability of nuclear arsenals. For much of the nuclear age, “counterforce” disarming attacks—those aimed at eliminating an opponent's nuclear forces—were nearly impossible because of the ability of potential victims to hide and protect their weapons. Technological developments, however, are eroding this foundation of nuclear deterrence. Advances rooted in the computer revolution have made nuclear forces around the world considerably more vulnerable. Specifically, two key approaches that countries have relied on to ensure arsenal survivability since the dawn of the nuclear age—hardening and concealment—have been undercut by leaps in weapons accuracy and a revolution in remote sensing. Various methods, evidence, and models demonstrate the emergence of new possibilities for counterforce disarming strikes. In short, the task of securing nuclear arsenals against attack is far more difficult than it was in the past. The new era of counterforce challenges the basis for confidence in contemporary deterrence stability, raises critical issues for national and international security policy, and sheds light on one of the enduring theoretical puzzles of the nuclear era: why international security competition has endured in the shadow of the nuclear revolution.
Las narrativas y las prácticas docentes: Pensar las prácticas de enseñanza a partir de los informes narrativos
Authors: Gatti Verónica Andrea , Zatti Marcela Elizabeth 
Published: April 2017

En el presente artículo expondremos un experiencia que estamos realizando desde la Cátedra Taller de Acción Educativa del Profesorado en Historia perteneciente a la Facultad de Humanidades, Artes y Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos, que nos está advirtiendo acerca de la importancia que tiene la escritura como espacio de anticipación y análisis de las prácticas que deben realizar los estudiantes que cursan el último tramo de la mencionada carrera.Desde la tarea de formación docente en el Taller de Acción Educativa venimos realizando una propuesta que acompaña la intervención didáctica y de las prácticas centradas en la producción de informes narrativos como producciones individuales y finales a través de los cuales, los/as futuros/as docentes se leen a partir de sus experiencias didáctico–pedagógicas en las escuelas secundarias de la ciudad de Paraná. Así, los propios relatos, en primera persona, se convierten en espacios de reflexión en torno a sus trayectos docentes y en la construcción de sus propias identidades.
El Teorema de la Existencia y Unicidad de soluciones para ecuaciones diferenciales de primer orden: análisis de las dificultades de los alumnos para su comprensión.
Authors: Zang Claudia , Fernández Gretel , León María Natalia 
Published: April 2017

El Teorema de la Existencia y Unicidad de soluciones para ecuaciones diferenciales de primer orden: análisis de las dificultades de los alumnos para su comprensión Claudia Zang, Gretel Fernández von Metzen y María Natalia León ResumenEste trabajo nace de la inquietud de un grupo de docentes de Matemática ante las dificultades observadas para la comprensión, por parte de los estudiantes, del teorema de existencia y unicidad de soluciones para ecuaciones diferenciales de primer orden. Dicho teorema forma parte del programa analítico de la asignatura Análisis IV de los profesorados de Matemática y de Física de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales dependiente de la Universidad Nacional de Misiones (FCEQyN–UNaM), que se centra en el estudio de las ecuaciones diferenciales, de los sistemas de ecuaciones diferenciales y en un estudio introductorio de las ecuaciones diferenciales en derivadas parciales.Este documento tiene elpropósito de, por un lado, mostrar sintéticamente la perspectiva con que se aborda el estudio de dicho teorema en diferentes libros de texto sugeridos desde la cátedra; y por el otro, la propuesta que se realiza, desde el equipo de docentes, para evaluar su aprendizaje y por último, exponer los resultados obtenidos en dicha evaluación. El análisis de las respuestas dadas por los alumnos refleja las dificultades que tienen para reconocer la estructura lógica subyacente a todo teorema y el manejo inadecuado de los razonamientos lógicos detectado los lleva a establecer conclusiones erróneas.
Crystal structure of 2-[(2-acetoxyethoxy) methyl]-3-amino-1,2,4-triazin-5(2H)-one
Authors: Lee Gene-Hsiang , Hwang Long-Chih 
Published: April 2017

The X-ray structural investigations has been carried out for the title compound, 2-[(2-acetoxyethoxy)methyl]-3-amino-1,2,4-triazin-5(2H)-one (1-[(2-acetoxyethoxy)methyl]-6-azaisocytosine), molecular formula C8H12N4O4, crystallizes in a monoclinic space group P-1 with a = 5.3124(3) Ã…, b = 7.3635(3) Ã…, c = 14.0170(8) Ã…, Î± = 81.5265(19)Â°, Î² = 85.852(2)Â°, Î³ = 76.760(2)Â°, V = 527.49(5) Ã…3 and Z = 2, resulting in a density, Dcalc, of 1.437 g/cm3. The hydrogen-bonding systems assemble with N-HÂ·Â·Â·O [graph set C (6)], N-HÂ·Â·Â·N [graph set R Â (8)], and N-HÂ·Â·Â·N combine with N-HÂ·Â·Â·O [graph set R (12)]. The side chain of the molecular structure is further stabilized by short contacts formed by intermolecular C-HÂ·Â·Â·O interactions.
Examination of the relationship between metacognitive thinking skills and scientific research self-efficacy via regression analysis and structural equation model<p>Üst biliş düşünme becerileri ve bilimsel araştırma özyeterliği arasındaki ilişkinin regresyon analizi ve yapısal eşitlik modeli ile incelenmesi
Authors: Tuncer Murat , Yılmaz Ömer 
Published: April 2017

This study analyzed the relation between scientific research self-efficacy and metacognitive thinking skills of prospective teachers. Hence this study was executed in relational screening method. The findings of our study unveiled that a significant relation existed between Metacognition thinking subskill domains and scientific research self-efficacy. Accordingly thinking, problem solving, decision making and alternative evaluation skills explained approximately 27% of the score variance of scientific research self-efficacy. In this study three models devised on the principle of structural equation model were tested. It was concluded at the end of this study that decision-making skills played a mediator role between thinking skills and conclusion and discussion skills. Further to that it was identified that thinking skills played a mediator role between literature skills and problem-solving skills. Lastly it was identified that thinking skills played a mediator role between problem solving and conclusion and discussion skills. ÖzetBu çalışmada öğretmen adaylarının bilimsel araştırma öz-yeterlikleri ile üst biliş düşünme becerileri arasındaki ilişki araştırılmaktadır. Dolayısıyla araştırma ilişkisel tarama yöntemine göre yürütülmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda Üst biliş düşünme alt beceri alanlarıyla bilimsel araştırma özyeterliği arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Buna göre düşünme, problem çözme, karar verme ve alternatif değerlendirme becerileri bilimsel araştırma özyeterliğine yönelik puanlara ait varyansın yaklaşık %27’sini açıklamaktadır. Araştırmada yapısal eşitlik modeline göre kurulan üç model test edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda düşünme becerileri ve sonuç ve tartışma becerileri arasında karar verme becerilerinin aracılık etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanında alanyazın becerileri ve problem çözme becerileri arasında düşünme becerilerinin aracılık etkisinin olduğu gözlenmiştir. Son olarak problem çözme ve sonuç tartışma becerileri arasında düşünme becerilerinin aracılık etkisinin olduğu saptanmıştır.
Comparing the Turkish and Iranian history textbooks in the sample of us and the other<p>Biz ve öteki örnekleminde Türk ve İran tarih ders kitaplarının karşılaştırılması
Authors: Çencen Namık 
Published: April 2017

The work of "us and the other" in the history textbook researches is one of the topics that attracted the attention of the researchers recently. In this research, “Us and the other” sample tried to determine how Iran and relations with Iran are explained in high school history textbooks taught in Turkey and how Turks and relations with Turks are explained in the high school history text book which was taught in Iran. The study was a qualitative research and document and record examination methods and techniques were used. The texts in Turkish history textbooks and Iranian history textbooks were examined using "Historical Abuse Methods". In the content of the texts in the history textbook titled "Iran and World History", which was taught in the 3rd grade class in General High School in Iran, the historical abuse methods with the Turks and relations with Turks was processed by using misleading, jumping and denying methods. Secondary education in Turkey "History 9th grade", "History 10th grade" “Contemporary Turkish and World History "textbooks on Iranian History and Iranian history textbooks were explored by using the jump method from historical abuse methods. ÖzetTarih ders kitapları araştırmalarında “biz ve öteki” çalışmaları son dönemlerde araştırmacıların ilgisini çeken konulardan biridir. Bu araştırmada biz ve öteki örnekleminde İran’da okutulan lise tarih ders kitabında Türkler ve Türklerle olan ilişkiler ile Türkiye’de okutulan lise tarih ders kitaplarında İran ve İranla olan ilişkilerin nasıl anlatıldığı tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma nitel bir araştırma olup doküman ve belge incelemesi yöntem ve teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Türk tarih ders kitapları ile İran tarih ders kitaplarında yer alan metinler “Tarihi Kötüye Kullanma Yöntemleri” kullanılarak incelenmiştir. İran’da Genel Lise III. sınıf Edebiyat bölümünde okutulan “İran ve Dünya Tarihi” adlı tarih ders kitabındaki metinlerin içeriklerinde Türkler ve Türklerle İlişkiler tarihi kötüye kullanma yöntemlerinden yanıltma, atlama ve yadsıma yöntemi kullanılarak işlenmiştir. Türkiye’de ortaöğretim “Tarih 9. Sınıf”, “Tarih 10. Sınıf” ve “12. Sınıf Çağdaş Türk ve Dünya Tarihi” ders kitaplarındaki metin içeriklerinde İran Tarihi ve İranla ilişkiler tarihi kötüye kullanma yöntemlerinden atlama yöntemi kullanılarak işlenmiştir.
The impact of compulsory hygiene training given to employees working in the sector of food and beverages services on their hygiene-related habits, behaviours and knowledge<p>Zorunlu hijyen eğitiminin yiyecek içecek hizmetleri personelinde hijyen alışkanlıklarına, davranışlarına ve bilgi düzeylerine etkisi
Authors: Sormaz Ümit , Şanlıer Nevin 
Published: April 2017

Food and beverages companies constituse one of the most important shares of servise industry, the number of food and beverages companies has been increasing every other day. Food workers carry responsibilities concerning human helat. This study has been carried out to detect the impact of the compulsory hygiene training given to the food and beverages services personnel on the hygiene-related habits and behaviours of the employees, and within the scope of the regulation of “Hygiene Education Program” which was published on the official gazetta and put into force being signed by 4 ministries. 1150 food and beverages sector personnel who participated in the hygiene training offered in İstanbul to tourism sector stuff and were volunteer to participate were included in the study. Hygiene-related habits and behaviours before the training and knowledge levels were found to be increasing statistically meaningfully after the study (p<0,01).As a result, it was found out that the compulsory hygiene training given to the food and beverages sector personnel affects employees’ hygiene-related habits, behaviours, and knowledge levels positively. It has been discovered that the training given to the staff working in food and beverage companies does increase the level of knowledge in hygiene. ÖzetHizmet endüstrisinin en önemli paydaşlarından biri olan yiyecek içecek işletmelerinin sayısı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Gıda sektörü ile uğraşan personel, insan sağlığı yönünden sorumluluk taşımaktadır.Bu araştırma, ülkemizde dört bakanlığın katılımıyla imzalanarak Resmi Gazete’de yayımlanan ve yürürlüğe giren “Hijyen Eğitim Programı” Yönetmeği kapsamında yiyecek içecek hizmetleri personeline verilen zorunlu hijyen eğitiminin çalışanların hijyen alışkanlıkları ve davranışlarına olan etkisini tespit etmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür.Araştırmaya, İstanbul’da turizm sektöründe çalışan personele verilen hijyen eğitimlerine katılan gönüllü 1150 yiyecek içecek hizmetleri personeli dahil edilmiştir. Eğitim öncesi hijyen alışkanlıklarının davranışlarının ve eğitim sonrası hijyen bilgi düzeylerinin eğitim öncesine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yönde arttığı saptanmıştır (p<0.01).Sonuçta yiyecek içecek hizmetleri bölümü çalışanlarına verilen zorunlu hijyen eğitiminin, personelin hijyen alışkanlıkları, hijyen davranışları ve hijyen bilgi düzeylerine olan olumlu etkisi tespit edilmiştir. Yiyecek içecek hizmetleri sektöründe çalışan personele verilecek hijyen eğitim programlarının, personelin hijyen bilgi düzeyini arttırdığı belirlenmiştir.