bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of forecasting performances: Does normalization and variance stabilization method beat GARCH(1,1)‐type models? Empirical evidence from the stock markets
Authors: Gulay Emrah , Emec Hamdi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we present a comparison between the forecasting performances of the normalization and variance stabilization method (NoVaS) and the GARCH(1,1), EGARCH(1,1) and GJR‐GARCH(1,1) models. Hence the aim of this study is to compare the out‐of‐sample forecasting performances of the models used throughout the study and to show that the NoVaS method is better than GARCH(1,1)‐type models in the context of out‐of sample forecasting performance. We study the out‐of‐sample forecasting performances of GARCH(1,1)‐type models and NoVaS method based on generalized error distribution, unlike normal and Student's t‐distribution. Also, what makes the study different is the use of the return series, calculated logarithmically and arithmetically in terms of forecasting performance. For comparing the out‐of‐sample forecasting performances, we focused on different datasets, such as S&P 500, logarithmic and arithmetic BİST 100 return series. The key result of our analysis is that the NoVaS method performs better out‐of‐sample forecasting performance than GARCH(1,1)‐type models. The result can offer useful guidance in model building for out‐of‐sample forecasting purposes, aimed at improving forecasting accuracy.
Evaluation of Drip Fertigation Uniformity Affected by Injector Type, Pressure Difference and Lateral Layout
Authors: Fan Junliang , Wu Lifeng , Zhang Fucang , Yan Shicheng , Xiang Youzhen 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe effects of three injector types (differential pressure tank, Venturi injector and water‐driven piston proportional pump), three pressure differences (0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 MPa) and two lateral layouts (longitudinal and transversal) on drip fertigation uniformity were comprehensively evaluated through field experiments. No statistically significant differences in water uniformity were found between injector types or pressure differences, while the influence of lateral layouts on water uniformity was significant (α = 0.05). All affecting factors showed an extremely significant influence on fertilizer uniformity (α = 0.01). Water uniformity was better than fertilizer uniformity, both of which generally decreased with increasing pressure differences. The differential pressure tank produced a lower water and fertilizer uniformity than the Venturi injector and proportional pump. The longitudinal lateral layout produced lower fertigation uniformity than the transversal lateral layout. To ensure both high water and fertilizer uniformity in fertigation systems, a Venturi injector and a proportional pump with relatively constant fertilizer concentration are recommended. When a differential pressure tank is used, the differential pressure should be minimized to mitigate the decrease in fertilizer concentration. The differential pressure tank can give high fertigation uniformity (≥ 90%) comparable to the Venturi injector and proportional pump if the transversal lateral layout is further applied. The research provides scientific guidance for the design and operational management of drip fertigation systems in greenhouse vegetables or field crops. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Black and White Parents’ Willingness to Seek Help for Children's Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms
Authors: Thurston Idia B. , Hardin Robin , Decker Kristina , Arnold Trisha , Howell Kathryn H. , Phares Vicky 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveUnderstanding social and environmental factors that contribute to parental help‐seeking intentions is an important step in addressing service underutilization for children in need of treatment. This study examined factors that contribute to parents’ intentions to seek formal and informal help for child psychopathology (anxiety and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD]).MethodA total of 251 parents (N = 128 mothers, N = 123 fathers; 49% Black, 51% White) read 3 vignettes describing children with anxiety, ADHD, and no diagnosis. Measures of problem recognition, perceived barriers, and formal (pediatricians, psychologists, teachers) and informal (religious leaders, family/friends, self‐help) help seeking were completed. Four separate hierarchical logistic regression models were used to examine parental help‐seeking likelihood from formal and informal sources for internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Predictors were socioeconomic status, parent race, age, and sex, parent problem recognition (via study vignettes), and perceived barriers to mental health service utilization.ResultMothers were more likely than fathers to seek help from pediatricians, psychologists, teachers, and religious leaders for child anxiety and pediatricians, religious leaders, and self‐help resources for child ADHD. Black parents were more likely to seek help from religious leaders and White parents were more likely to use self‐help resources. Problem recognition was associated with greater intentions to seek help from almost all formal and informal sources (except from friends/family).ConclusionUnderstanding factors that contribute to parental help seeking for child psychopathology is critical for increasing service utilization and reducing the negative effects of mental health problems. This study highlights the importance of decreasing help‐seeking barriers and increasing problem recognition to improve health equity.
What did the “Unossified zone” of the non‐mammalian therapsid braincase house?
Authors: Laaß Michael , Schillinger Burkhard , Kaestner Anders 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTMost nonmammalian synapsids possess a mid‐dorsal depression in the brain cavity known as the “unossified zone.” It remains obscure which structures this zone contained, and, as candidates, the vermis of the cerebellum, the superior sagittal sinus, a junction of several blood vessels, the pineal gland or other midbrain structures were considered. Neutron tomography of a skull of Diictodon feliceps (Therapsida, Anomodontia) revealed some clear impressions of canals in this region of the brain cavity. Furthermore, the prootic sinus probably ran on the internal surface of the pila antotica and had a similar course in anomodonts as it has been proposed for cynodonts and Mesozoic mammals. Comparisons with the vascular systems of nonmammalian synapsids and mammals suggest that the unossified zone is best interpreted as a terminal chamber of the anterior segment of the medial head vein, which housed the junction of the superior sagittal sinus and the transverse sinuses. Consequently, the system of cranial vessels in Diictodon reveals a partial division of the medial head vein system into an anterior and a posterior segment at an early stage of synapsid evolution, which is consistent with the well‐known common pattern of early ontogenetic development in amniotes. J. Morphol., 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reduction of acrylamide content in bread crust by starch coating
Authors: Liu Jie , Liu Xiaojie , Man Yong , Liu Yawei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDA technique of starch coating to reduce acrylamide content in bread crust was proposed. Bread was prepared in accordance with a conventional procedure and corn or potato starch coating was brushed on the surface of the fermented dough prior to baking.RESULTSCorn starch coating caused a decrease in acrylamide of 66.7% and 77.1% for the outer and inner crust, respectively. The decrease caused by the potato starch coating was 68.4% and 77.4%, respectively. Starch coating reduced asparagine content significantly (43.4–82.9%; P < 0.01)in both the outer and inner crust. A lower temperature (difference of 10–20 °C) in combination with a higher moisture content (maximum difference of 8%) of bread crust were a result of starch coating, which effectively shortened the time span (4–8 min) over which acrylamide could form and accumulate.CONCLUSIONThe present study demonstrates that starch coating could be a simple, effective and practical application for reducing acrylamide levels in bread crust without changing the texture and crust color of bread. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Technical Note: Comparison of megavoltage, dual‐energy, and single‐energy CT‐based μ‐maps for a four‐channel breast coil in PET/MRI
Authors: Patrick John C. , Terry Thompson R. , So Aaron , Butler John , Faul David , Stodilka Robert Z. , Yartsev Slav , Prato Frank S. , Gaede Stewart 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to describe and evaluate methods for calculating a megavoltage computed tomography (MVCT)‐derived MR hardware attenuation map (μ‐map) and dual‐energy CT (DECT) for 511 keV photons.MethodsPhantom measurements were acquired on a whole‐body hybrid PET/MRI system, using a four‐channel receive‐only MR radiofrequency (RF) breast coil. Two acquisitions were performed: with the phantoms positioned in the four‐channel RF breast coil, and without the breast coil. PET attenuation from the breast coil was corrected using three different CT‐derived hardware μ‐maps: (a) Single‐energy CT (SECT), (b) DECT, and (c) MVCT. Each attenuation‐corrected (AC) PET volume was evaluated and compared with the acquisition performed without the breast coil.ResultsThe breast coil attenuated PET photons by 10% overall. Threshold values were applied to the SECT μ‐map to reduce the effects of metal artifacts, but overcorrection occurred in more highly attenuated regions. The DECT‐derived virtual monochromatic image reduced beam‐hardening artifacts, but other metal artifacts remained. Despite the remaining metal artifacts in the DECT image, it led to an improvement in the more attenuated regions. The MVCT images appear to be free from metal artifacts leading to an artifact‐free μ‐map and a further improvement AC‐PET images.ConclusionsOur MVCT‐based approach for creating μ‐maps for MR RF coils greatly reduces artifacts produced by metal in a SECT approach. This eliminates the need for other artifact reduction methods, including the application of a threshold of narrow beam attenuation coefficients, or disassembling hardware to remove high‐Z components before imaging with a kilovoltage source.
Efficient solution algorithms for multiaxial probabilistic elasto‐plastic constitutive simulations of soils
Authors: Sadrinezhad Arezoo , Sett Kallol , Hariharan S. I. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryA Fokker‐Planck‐Kolmogorov (FPK) equation approach has recently been developed to probabilistically solve any elastic‐plastic constitutive equation with uncertain material parameters by transforming the nonlinear, stochastic constitutive rate equation into a linear, deterministic partial differential equation (PDE) and thereby simplifying the numerical solution process. For an uniaxial problem, conventional numerical techniques, such as the finite difference or finite element methods, may be used to solve the resulting univariate FPK PDE. However, for a multiaxial problem, an efficient algorithm is necessary for tractability of the numerical solution of the multivariate FPK PDE. In this paper, computationally efficient algorithms, based on a Fourier spectral approach, are presented for solving FPK PDEs in (stress) space and (pseudo) time, having space‐independent but time‐dependent coefficients and both space‐ and time‐dependent coefficients, that commonly arise in probabilistic elasto‐plasticity. The algorithms are illustrated by probabilistically simulating 2 common laboratory constitutive experiments in geotechnical engineering, namely, the unconfined compression test and the unconsolidated undrained triaxial compression test.
Pregabalin and heart failure: A population‐based study
Authors: Ho Joanne M.‐W. , Macdonald Erin M. , Luo Jin , Gomes Tara , Antoniou Tony , Mamdani Muhammad M. , Juurlink David N. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPurposeThe anticonvulsant pregabalin is increasingly prescribed for pain, seizures, and psychiatric disorders. Although evidence suggests pregabalin can cause edema and heart failure, its cardiac safety profile in clinical practice is unknown. We sought to examine the risk of heart failure among older patients receiving pregabalin compared to those receiving gabapentin.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based cohort study of Ontarians aged 66 and older with a history of seizure who received pregabalin or gabapentin between April 2013 and March 2014. We used propensity scores to match patients commencing pregabalin to those commencing gabapentin. The primary outcome was an emergency department visit or hospitalization for heart failure within 90 days.ResultsWe studied 9855 patients who initiated pregabalin and an equal number treated with gabapentin. In the primary analysis, we found no difference in the risk of heart failure with pregabalin compared to gabapentin (1.2% versus 1.3%, hazard ratio of 0.77; 95% CI 0.58‐1.03). Secondary analyses stratified for baseline history of heart failure yielded similar findings.ConclusionIn a large cohort of older patients with a seizure disorder, pregabalin was not associated with an increased risk of heart failure relative to gabapentin.
High‐Yield Synthesis of Au@Ag Right Bipyramids and Self‐Assembly into Four‐Leaf‐Clover‐like Structures
Authors: Ji Fei , Zhong Qixuan , Chen Jianmei , Chen Lei , Hu Huicheng , Liu Qipeng , Yang Peipei , Yu Jiaqi , Jiang Lin , Xu Yong , Gross Elad , Zhang Qiao 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBimetallic core–shell nanostructures are of great interest because of their unique properties. Although bimetallic core–shell nanostructures with plenty of shapes are prepared, synthesis of core–shell nanostructures with asymmetric core and shells is still elusive. This work reports a facile seed‐mediated synthesis of Au@Ag right bipyramids with high yield (>95%) and broadly tunable edge length (from ≈130 to ≈230 nm) as well as tunable localized surface plasmon resonance properties. For the first time, a four‐leaf‐clover‐like tetramer of bipyramids is obtained through self‐assembly of the synthesized Au@Ag right bipyramids. The as‐assembled structure performs well in surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy with an analytical enhancement factor up to 1.4 × 107 because of the existence of both sharp tips and “hot‐spots.” The present work not only develops a new kind of nanomaterials, but also shows promising applications in optics and sensing.
Cover Image, Volume 7, Issue 4
Authors: Hermans Susanne M.A. , Pfleger Christopher , Nutschel Christina , Hanke Christian A. , Gohlke Holger 
Published: June 2017

The front cover image, by Susanne M.A. Hermans et al., is based on the Advanced Review Rigidity theory for biomolecules: concepts, software, and applications, DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1311.
image
A new micro X‐ray fluorescence spectrometer for in vivo elemental analysis in plants
Authors: Fittschen U.E.A. , Kunz H.‐H. , Höhner R. , Tyssebotn I.M.B. , Fittschen A. 
Published: June 2017

In vivo micro X‐ray fluorescence (micro‐XRF) on plants is aimed at mapping spatial ion accumulation, eg. in plant leaves to minimize artifacts arising from sample preparation and to be able to detect changes occurring under environmental stress. To obtain reliable results, a spectrometer and sample setup that maintain the plant in good physiological condition are necessary. We have built a micro‐XRF spectrometer, in which analyses are performed in air, thereby allowing for in vivo micro‐XRF measurements in plants. Mapping is performed with full spectrum acquisition in each pixel and is automated and controlled by computer software developed for this micro‐XRF unit. Limits of detection were found to be comparable to those found previously at second‐generation synchrotron facilities using a freestanding film reference from 0.04 ng/mm2 for Fe to 0.20 ng/mm2 for Pb. The spot size was determined to be less than 14 μm at Rh Kα line (20.214 keV). Relative sensitivities were determined for elements from S to Pb using the freestanding film reference and a 13‐element standard dried droplet deposition. For in vivo measurements, a dedicated sample holder was developed by 3‐D printing. Here, we present the in vivo elemental analysis capabilities of our micro‐XRF spectrometer by mapping elements in Arabidopsis thaliana plants and by assessing their physiological state before and after scanning. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Making Flow-Based Security Detection Parallel
Authors: Švepeš Marek , Čejka Tomáš 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFlow based monitoring is currently a standard approach suitable for large networks of ISP size. The main advantage of flow processing is a smaller amount of data due to aggregation. There are many reasons (such as huge volume of transferred data, attacks represented by many flow records) to develop scalable systems that can process flow data in parallel. This paper deals with splitting a stream of flow data in order to perform parallel anomaly detection on distributed computational nodes. Flow data distribution is focused not only on uniformity but mainly on successful detection. The results of an experimental analysis show that the proposed approach does not break important semantic relations between individual flow records and therefore it preserves detection results. All experiments were performed using real data traces from Czech National Education and Research Network.
Visual Analytics for Network Security and Critical Infrastructures
Authors: Burská Karolína , Ošlejšek Radek 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA comprehensive analysis of cyber attacks is important for better understanding of their nature and their origin. Providing a sufficient insight into such a vast amount of diverse (and sometimes seemingly unrelated) data is a task that is suitable neither for humans nor for fully automated algorithms alone. Not only a combination of the two approaches but also a continuous reasoning process that is capable of generating a sufficient knowledge base is indispensable for a better understanding of the events. Our research is focused on designing new exploratory methods and interactive visualizations in the context of network security. The knowledge generation loop is important for its ability to help analysts to refine the nature of the processes that continuously occur and to offer them a better insight into the network security related events. In this paper, we formulate the research questions that relate to the proposed solution.
Cost‐Effectiveness of Two Decision Strategies for Shunt Use During Carotid Endarterectomy
Authors: Kolkert Joe L. P. , Groenwold Rolf H. H. , Leijdekkers Vanessa J. , ter Haar Joep , Zeebregts Clark J. , Vahl Anco 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundArterial shunting during carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is essential in some patients because of insufficient cerebral perfusion during cross‐clamping. However, the optimal diagnostic modality identifying these patients is still debated. None of the currently used modalities has been proved superior to another. The aim of this study was to assess the cost‐effectiveness of two modalities, stump pressure measurement (SPM) versus electroencephalography (EEG) combined with transcranial Doppler (TCD) during CEA.MethodsTwo retrospective cohorts of consecutive patients undergoing CEA with different intraoperative neuromonitoring strategies (SPM vs. EEG/TCD) were analyzed. Clinical data were collected from patient hospital records. Primary clinical outcome was in‐hospital stroke or death. Total admission costs were calculated based on volumes of healthcare resources. Analyses of effects and costs were adjusted for clinical differences between patients by means of a propensity score, and cost‐effectiveness was estimated.ResultsA total of 503 (239 SPM; 264 EEG/TCD) patients were included, of whom 19 sustained a stroke or died during admission (3.3 vs. 4.2%, respectively, adjusted risk difference 1.3% (95% CI −2.3–4.8%)). Median total costs were €4946 (IQR 4424–6173) in the SPM group versus €7447 (IQR 6890–8675) in the EEG/TCD group. Costs for neurophysiologic assessments were the main determinant for the difference.ConclusionsGiven the evidence provided by this small retrospective study, SPM would be the favored strategy for intraoperative neuromonitoring if cost‐effectiveness was taken into account when deciding which strategy to adopt.
“If It Helps, It's Worth a Try”: an Investigation of Perceptions and Attitudes about Genetic Counseling among Southern Manitoba Hutterites
Authors: Gemmell Amber P. , Veach Patricia McCarthy , MacFarlane Ian , Riesgraf Rachel , LeRoy Bonnie S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFew studies have explored the public's views of genetic counseling services, and even fewer focus on founder populations with high prevalence of genetic disease, such as Hutterites. The Hutterites are an Anabaptist religious group grounded in a strong Christian faith. The primary aim of this study was to assess Hutterites’ views of genetic counseling services. A secondary aim was to compare their views to those obtained in a study of rural Midwestern U.S. residents (Riesgraf et al., Journal of Genetic Counseling, 24(4), 565‐579, 2015). One‐hundred eleven individuals from southern Manitoba Hutterite colonies completed an anonymous survey assessing familiarity with and attitudes about genetic counseling; perceptions of its purpose, scope and practice; and willingness to use genetic counseling services. Although many respondents were not familiar with genetic counseling, most had accurate perceptions and positive attitudes. For instance, mean ratings showed endorsement of trust in information provided by genetic counselors and agreement that genetic counseling aligns with their values. Logistic regression indicated reported willingness to use genetic counseling services increased if respondents: had a higher self‐rated familiarity with genetic counseling; were younger; agreed with the statement: I would trust the information provided by a genetic counselor; and disagreed with the statements: Genetic counseling is only useful for a small group of people with rare diseases, and Genetic counselors help expectant parents choose the eye color of their child. Thematic analysis of comments regarding willingness to use genetic counseling services yielded themes of personal/family risk, pragmatism (genetic counseling is sensible and practical for managing health concerns), and desire to prevent genetic conditions in the Hutterite population. Comparison of the present findings to those of Riesgraf et al. suggests predictors of Hutterites’ willingness to use genetic counseling are unique and culturally‐based. Limited replication of Riesgraf et al. was achieved. Additional findings, practice implications and research recommendations are presented.