bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the relationship between organizational structure and knowledge retention: a study of the Indian infrastructure consulting sector
Authors: Acharya Abhilash , Mishra Bijaya 
Published: June 2017

PurposeInfrastructure adds pace and efficiency into India’s progress. It is a country which has embraced the notion of a knowledge economy of late, and thus raised the importance of infrastructure consultingper se. The study aims to cover the consequent but underexplored role of organizational structure (OS)vis-à-visknowledge retention (KR) in this sector.Design/methodology/approachFor conducting the research, the sampling organization that has been chosen is an infrastructure consulting organization. The researchers had undertaken an exploratory study to find out the dynamics between OS and KR. A qualitative approach has thus been adopted and the application of thematic analysis found place in conducting the research. The themes and sub-themes generated from the research, aligned with the theoretical backdrop, gave rise to a schematic model explaining the relationship between OS and KR.FindingsFrom the above themes and sub-themes along with possible relationships which emerged from the study, the researchers observed that the theme “organizational structure” had a significant relationship with the sub-theme “knowledge retention”. In the order, what was the most noteworthy was that designing of an OS had a refined and somewhat directed influence on KR in the organization.Originality/valueThis paper tries to uncover the relationship between an organization’s structure formation and the key aspect of knowledge management cycle, which is KR. This shall be helpful for both academics (who can make advancements by testing the relationship in other contexts) and practitioners (who can look forward to minimizing business losses through the concept of KR).
Exploring the affective mechanism linking perceived organizational support and knowledge sharing intention: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Jeung Chang-Wook , Yoon Hea Jun , Choi Myungweon 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the moderated mediation model in which the effect of perceived organizational support (POS) on knowledge sharing intention is mediated by levels of individual affective commitment to the organization, while the relationship between POS and affective commitment is moderated by organizational tenure.

Design/methodology/approach
Hypotheses on mediation, moderation and moderated mediation were tested with data collected from Korean for-profit organizations. Conditional process analyses with bootstrapping supported all three hypotheses.

Findings
The findings demonstrate that the relationship between POS and knowledge sharing intention is mediated by affective organizational commitment. In addition, the mediation effect is strengthened when an individual’s organizational tenure is low. Theoretical and practical implications and directions for future research are followed.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature on knowledge sharing by providing a basis for understanding the mediating mechanism through which POS influences knowledge sharing intention, and, ultimately, organizational functioning via individual affective attitude. This is the first attempt examining the role of organizational tenure as a key contingency factor in knowledge sharing. By investigating the underlying logic of individual intention to share knowledge, this study expands the current spectrum for knowledge management.
A method for trust evaluation in the cloud environments using a behavior graph and services grouping
Authors: Hajizadeh Roghiyeh , Jafari Navimipour Nima 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
Cloud services have become very popular among researchers and people recently. In such a scenario, identifying reliable cloud services has become very important. The trust value plays a significant role in recognizing reliable providers. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new method to evaluate the trust metric among the cloud providers. The main goal is to increase the precision and accuracy of the trust evaluation method in the cloud environments.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper evaluates the trust metric among the cloud providers and entities by grouping the services and using a behavioral graph. Four parameters, availability, reliability, interaction evolution and identity, are used for evaluating the trust value. The performance of the proposed method is assessed using a simulator which is programmed in the cloud Azure 2013 based on C# codes.

Findings
The method is evaluated through various experiments in terms of precision, recall, error-hit, reliability and availability. The obtained results show that the proposed method has better reliability and availability than the FIFO and QoS models. Also, the results show that increasing the number of groups leads to increasing values of trust, precision and availability, and decreasing values of error-hit.

Originality/value
This paper proposes a trust evaluation method in the cloud environment by grouping the services and using a behavioral graph for improving the amount of availability, error-hit, precision and reliability values.
Modelling identity types through agency: part 2, personal identity and mindsets
Authors: Di Fatta Davide , Yolles Maurice 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the personal identity of Donald Trump in the US presidential election using the mindset agency theory framework and content analysis.

Design/methodology/approach
The qualitative evaluation of identity type is determined by the personality mindset agency theory (PMAT). This measures qualitatively by assigning a type to the personal identity. The methods being adopted are content analysis, and a coding frame is constructed that arises from the key words defined in PMAT.

Findings
Using PMAT, the authors determine that Trump’s personal identity is of the type hierarchical popularism (HP), from which behavioural patterns are derived, supposing that this is consistent with his public identity type measured using agency MAT (AMAT), which will be assessed in part 3 of this paper.

Originality/value
Appropriate image management can be used in an attempt to hide problematic purely self-interest aspects of a personality. This paper shows that it is possible to evaluate personality mindsets using content analysis. In a later paper, exploration of agency mindsets will occur that is indicative of the potential for behaviour.
Similarity-based approach for accurately retrieving similar cases to intelligently handle online complaints
Authors: Cui Xiaolan , Cai Shuqin , Qin Yuchu 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a similarity-based approach to accurately retrieve reference solutions for the intelligent handling of online complaints.

Design/methodology/approach
This approach uses a case-based reasoning framework and firstly formalizes existing online complaints and their solutions, new online complaints, and complaint products, problems and content as source cases, target cases and distinctive features of each case, respectively. Then the process of using existing word-level, sense-level and text-level measures to assess the similarities between complaint products, problems and contents is explained. Based on these similarities, a measure with high accuracy in assessing the overall similarity between cases is designed. The effectiveness of the approach is evaluated by numerical and empirical experiments.

Findings
The evaluation results show that a measure simultaneously considering the features of similarity at word, sense and text levels can obtain higher accuracy than those measures that consider only one level feature of similarity; and that the designed measure is more accurate than all of its linear combinations.

Practical implications
The approach offers a feasible way to reduce manual intervention in online complaint handling. Complaint products, problems and content should be synthetically considered when handling an online complaint. The designed procedure of the measure with high accuracy can be applied in other applications that consider multiple similarity features or linguistic levels.

Originality/value
A method for linearly combining the similarities at all linguistic levels to accurately assess the overall similarities between online complaint cases is presented. This method is experimentally verified to be helpful to improve the accuracy of online complaint case retrieval. This is the first study that considers the accuracy of the similarity measures for online complaint case retrieval.
Did the Affordable Care Act's Dependent Coverage Expansion Affect Race/Ethnic Disparities in Health Insurance Coverage?
Authors: Breslau Joshua , Han Bing , Stein Bradley D. , Burns Rachel M. , Yu Hao 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveTo test the impact of the dependent coverage expansion (DCE) on insurance disparities across race/ethnic groups.Data Sources/Study SettingSurvey data from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).Study DesignTriple‐difference (DDD) models were applied to repeated cross‐sectional surveys of the U.S. adult population.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsData from 6 years (2008–2013) of the NSDUH were combined.Principal FindingsFollowing the DCE, the relative odds of insurance increased 1.5 times (95 percent CI 1.1, 1.9) among whites compared to blacks and 1.4 times (95 percent CI 1.1, 1.8) among whites compared to Hispanics.ConclusionsHealth reform efforts, such as the DCE, can have negative effects on race/ethnic disparities, despite positive impacts in the general population.
Composite measures of selection can improve the signal‐to‐noise ratio in genome scans
Authors: Lotterhos Katie E. , Card Daren C. , Schaal Sara M. , Wang Liuyang , Collins Caitlin , Verity Bob 
Published: June 2017

Summary

The growing wealth of genomic data is yielding new insights into the genetic basis of adaptation, but it also presents the challenge of extracting the relevant signal from multi‐dimensional datasets. Different statistical approaches vary in their power to detect selection depending on the demographic history, type of selection, genetic architecture and experimental design.

Here, we develop and evaluate new approaches for combining results from multiple tests, including multivariate distance measures and methods for combining P‐values. We evaluate these methods on (i) simulated landscape genetic data analysed for differentiation outliers and genetic‐environment associations and (ii) empirical genomic data analysed for selective sweeps within dog breeds for loci known to be selected for during domestication. We also introduce and evaluate how robust statistical algorithms can be used for parameter estimation in statistical genomics.

On the simulated data, many of the composite measures performed well and had decreased variation in outcomes across many sampling designs. On the empirical dataset, methods based on combining P‐values generally performed better with clearer signals of selection, higher significance of the signal, and in closer proximity to the known selected locus. Although robust algorithms could identify neutral loci in our simulations, they did not universally improve power to detect selection. Overall, a composite statistic that measured a robust multivariate distance from rank‐based P‐values performed the best.

We found that composite measures of selection could improve the signal of selection in many cases, but they were not a panacea and their power is limited by the power of the univariate statistics they summarize. Since genome scans are widely used, improving inference for prioritizing candidate genes may be beneficial to medicine, agriculture, and breeding. Our results also have application to outlier detection in high‐dimensional datasets and to combining results in meta‐analyses in many disciplines. The compound measures we evaluate are implemented in the r package minotaur.
Identifying targets and agents of selection: innovative methods to evaluate the processes that contribute to local adaptation
Authors: Wadgymar Susana M. , Lowry David B. , Gould Billie A. , Byron Caitlyn N. , Mactavish Rachel M. , Anderson Jill T. 
Published: June 2017

Summary

Extensive empirical work has demonstrated local adaptation to discrete environments, yet few studies have elucidated the genetic and environment mechanisms that generate it. Here, we advocate for research that broadens our understanding of local adaptation beyond pattern and towards process. We discuss how studies of local adaptation can be designed to address two unresolved questions in evolutionary ecology: Does local adaptation result from fitness trade‐offs at individual loci across habitats? How do agents of selection interact to generate local adaptation to discrete contrasting habitats types and continuous environmental gradients?

To inform future investigations of the genetic basis of local adaptation, we conducted a literature review of studies that mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) for fitness in native field environments using reciprocal transplant experiments with hybrid mapping populations or Genome‐wide Association Study (GWAS) panels. We then reviewed the literature for field experiments that disentangle the contributions of various agents of selection to local adaptation. For each question, we suggest future lines of inquiry and discuss implications for climate change and agriculture research.

(i) Studies in the native habitats of five biological systems revealed that local adaptation is more often caused by conditional neutrality than genetic trade‐offs at the level of the QTL. We consider the ramifications of this result and discuss knowledge gaps in our current understanding of the genetic basis of local adaptation. (ii) We uncovered only five studies that identified the agents of selection that contribute to local adaptation, and nearly all were conducted in discrete habitats rather than across the continuous environmental gradients that many species inhabit. We introduce a novel experimental framework for illuminating the processes underlying local adaptation.

A holistic view of local adaptation is critical for predicting the responses of organisms to climate change, enhancing conservation efforts, and developing strategies to improve crop resilience to environmental stress. Experiments that manipulate agents of selection in native field environments using pedigreed populations or GWAS panels offer unique opportunities for detecting the genetic and environmental mechanisms that generate local adaptation.
Beyond SNPs: how to detect selection on transposable element insertions
Authors: Villanueva‐Cañas José Luis , Rech Gabriel E. , de Cara Maria Angeles Rodriguez , González Josefa 
Published: June 2017

Summary

Identifying the genomic basis of adaptive evolution is a growing field of research. The number of statistics and methodologies aimed at identifying adaptive loci continues to increase. Moreover, the availability of whole‐genome sequences allows us to make inferences of selection on a diverse set of species. However, detecting footprints of selection has mostly been restricted to one type of genomic variation: single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Other genomic variants such as transposable element (TE) insertions that are likely to contribute to adaptive evolution have been largely ignored.

Here, we present an overview of different approaches that can be used to infer selection acting on TE insertions. We focused on five main approaches: (i) DNA sequence conservation analysis; (ii) selection on linked polymorphisms; (iii) environmental association analyses; (iv) estimation of allele age; and (v) functional assays to identify the molecular and fitness effects.

For each of these five approaches, we focus on the latest developments and illustrate them with recent examples from the literature. We also identify the data requirements and the limitations associated with the different methodologies.

We conclude that the availability of third‐generation sequencing technologies should allow for a systematic analysis of TE insertions as sources of adaptive mutations. Incorporating the knowledge of the role of TE insertions in adaptive evolution will allow us to get a more complete picture of the adaptive process.
Age 80 years and over is not associated with increased morbidity and mortality following pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Kim Sandy Y. , Fink Michael A. , Perini Marcos , Houli Nezor , Weinberg Laurence , Muralidharan Vijayaragavan , Starkey Graham , Jones Robert M. , Christophi Christopher , Nikfarjam Mehrdad 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundPancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is associated with high morbidity, which is perceived to be increased in the elderly. To our knowledge there have been no Australian series that have compared outcomes of patients over the age of 80 undergoing PD to those who are younger.MethodsPatients who underwent PD between January 2008 and November 2015 were identified from a prospectively maintained database.ResultsA total of 165 patients underwent PD of whom 17 (10.3%) were aged 80 or over. The pre‐operative health status, according to American Society of Anesthesiologists class was similar between the groups (P = 0.420). The 90‐day mortality rates (5.9% in the elderly and 2% in the younger group; P = 0.355) and the post‐operative complication rates (64.7% in the elderly versus 62.8% in the younger group; P = 0.88) were similar. Overall median length of hospital stay was also similar between the groups, but older patients were far more likely to be discharged to a rehabilitation facility than younger patients (47.1 versus 12.8%; P < 0.0001). Older patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (n = 10) had significantly lower median survival than the younger group (n = 69) (16.6 versus 22.5 months; P = 0.048).ConclusionNo significant differences were seen in the rate of complications following PD in patients aged 80 or over compared to younger patients, although there appears to be a shorter survival in the elderly patients treated for pancreatic cancer. Careful selection of elderly patients and optimal peri‐operative care, rather than age should be used to determine whether surgical intervention is indicated in this patient group.
Effects of different n‐6 to n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio on reproductive performance, fecal microbiota and nutrient digestibility of gestation‐lactating sows and suckling piglets
Authors: Yin Jia , Lee Kwang Yong , Kim Jong Keun , Kim In Ho 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary ratios of n‐6:n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on reproductive performance, fecal microbiota and nutrient digestibility of gestation‐lactating sows and suckling piglets. Fifteen primiparous sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) were randomly allotted into three treatments. Fed diets contained different ratios of n‐6:n‐3 PUFA, including 20:1, 15:1 and 10:1. No differences were detected among the treatments for average daily feed intake (ADFI) of sows and the back fat levels during lactation (P > 0.05). Body weight (BW) loss of sows after farrowing to weanling was greater in the 10:1 treatment compared with 15:1 or 20:1 (P < 0.05). In piglets, a great significant difference for BW was observed at 4 weeks (P < 0.01). Furthermore, average daily gain (ADG) of piglets in the 10:1 treatment was higher (P < 0.05). No difference was observed among treatments in nutrient digestibility of sows (P > 0.05). A great significant difference for fecal microbiota was in the 10:1 treatment compared with 20:1 and 15:1 treatments (P < 0.01). In conclusion, altering the ratio of n‐6:n‐3 PUFA in gestation‐lactating sow diet had no difference on nutrient digestibility in gestation‐lactating sows, but it can partially improve reproductive performance.
Labor, delivery, and anesthesia experiences of women with physical disability
Authors: Smeltzer Suzanne C. , Wint Amy J. , Ecker Jeffrey L. , Iezzoni Lisa I. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundAlthough many women with physical disabilities report poor quality reproductive health care, little research has addressed labor, delivery, and anesthesia experiences of these women. This study was conducted to explore these experiences in women with significant mobility disabilities.MethodsA qualitative descriptive study was conducted with 22 women from the United States who had delivered newborns within the prior 10 years. All had significant mobility disabilities. Two‐hour, in‐depth telephone interviews were conducted using a semistructured, open‐ended interview protocol, which addressed many topics, including labor, delivery, and anesthesia experiences. We recruited most participants through social networks, interviewing women from 17 states. Conventional content analysis, facilitated by NVivo software, was used to identify major themes.ResultsThe mean age of women was 34.8 ± 5.3 years. Most women were white, college educated, and used wheeled mobility aids. Four key themes emerged from participants’ narratives of laboring and giving birth with a disability. These included women's preferences for type of delivery, clinicians and some women expected no labor pain, fears prompting active advocacy, and positive experiences. As participants discussed their experiences with anesthesia, four additional themes were identified: importance of consultation with the anesthesia team, decisions about epidural/spinal vs general anesthesia, failed epidural with repeated efforts, and fear of injury related to anesthesia.ConclusionsThe responses of women in this study suggest that there is need to make intrapartum care better for women with physical disabilities and to improve their experiences with labor, birth, and obstetric anesthesia care.