bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased Hyperalgesia and Proinflammatory Cytokines in the Spinal Cord and Dorsal Root Ganglion After Surgery and/or Fentanyl Administration in Rats
Authors: Chang Lu , Ye Fang , Luo Quehua , Tao Yuanxiang , Shu Haihua 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND:
Perioperative fentanyl has been reported to induce hyperalgesia and increase postoperative pain. In this study, we tried to investigate behavioral hyperalgesia, the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and the activation of microglia in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in a rat model of surgical plantar incision with or without perioperative fentanyl.

METHODS:
Four groups of rats (n = 32 for each group) were subcutaneously injected with fentanyl at 60 μg/kg or normal saline for 4 times with 15-minute intervals. Plantar incisions were made to rats in 2 groups after the second drug injection. Mechanical and thermal nociceptive thresholds were assessed by the tail pressure test and paw withdrawal test on the day before, at 1, 2, 3, 4 hours, and on the days 1–7 after drug injection. The lumbar spinal cord, bilateral DRG, and cerebrospinal fluid of 4 rats in each group were collected to measure IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α on the day before, at the fourth hour, and on the days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after drug injection. The lumbar spinal cord and bilateral DRG were removed to detect the ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 on the day before and on the days 1 and 7 after drug injection.

RESULTS:
Rats injected with normal saline only demonstrated no significant mechanical or thermal hyperalgesia or any increases of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the spinal cord or DRG. However, injection of fentanyl induced analgesia within as early as 4 hours and a significant delayed tail mechanical and bilateral plantar thermal hyperalgesia after injections lasting for 2 days, while surgical plantar incision induced a significant mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia lasting for 1–4 days. The combination of fentanyl and incision further aggravated the hyperalgesia and prolonged the duration of hyperalgesia. The fentanyl or surgical incision upregulated the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the spinal cord and bilateral DRG for more than 7 days and increase of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 in the spinal cord. The combination of fentanyl and incision resulted in higher increase of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the spinal cord and bilateral DRG.

CONCLUSIONS:
The surgical plantar incision with or without perioperative fentanyl induced significant mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, an increased expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α in the spinal cord and DRG, and activation of microglia in the spinal cord.
The Analgesic Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Quadratus Lumborum Block After Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Krohg Anders , Ullensvang Kyrre , Rosseland Leiv Arne , Langesæter Eldrid , Sauter Axel R. 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND:
Landmark and ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane blocks have demonstrated an opioid-sparing effect postoperatively after cesarean delivery. The more posterior quadratus lumborum (QL) might provide superior local anesthetic spread to the thoracolumbar fascia and paravertebral space. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of the QL block after cesarean delivery.

METHODS:
A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial was performed. Forty parturients undergoing cesarean delivery received bilateral ultrasound-guided QL blocks with either 2 mg/mL ropivacaine or saline postoperatively. All patients received spinal anesthesia with bupivacaine and sufentanil and a postoperative analgesic regimen of paracetamol, ibuprofen, and ketobemidone administered by a patient-controlled analgesic pump. The ketobemidone consumption and time of each dose administered were recorded. The primary outcome was ketobemidone consumption during the first 24 hours postoperatively. Secondary and exploratory analyses compared repeated measures of pain scores, nausea, and fatigue, and total differences in time until patients were able to stand and able to walk 5 m, and the interaction between the effective analgesic score and time.

RESULTS:
All 40 patients completed the trial, 20 in each group. The cumulative ketobemidone consumption in 24 hours was reduced in the active group compared with the control group (P = .04; ratio of means = 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.37–0.97). The effective analgesic scores were significantly better in the treatment group compared with the placebo group both at rest (P < .01) and during coughing (P < .01).

CONCLUSIONS:
QL block with ropivacaine reduces the postoperative ketobemidone consumption and pain intensity as a part of a multimodal analgesic regimen that excludes neuraxial morphine.
Easy and efficient ensemble gene set testing with EGSEA
Authors: Alhamdoosh Monther , Law Charity W. , Tian Luyi , Sheridan Julie M. , Ng Milica , Ritchie Matthew E. 
Published: November 2017

Gene set enrichment analysis is a popular approach for prioritising the biological processes perturbed in genomic datasets. The Bioconductor project hosts over 80 software packages capable of gene set analysis. Most of these packages search for enriched signatures amongst differentially regulated genes to reveal higher level biological themes that may be missed when focusing only on evidence from individual genes. With so many different methods on offer, choosing the best algorithm and visualization approach can be challenging. The EGSEA package solves this problem by combining results from up to 12 prominent gene set testing algorithms to obtain a consensus ranking of biologically relevant results.This workflow demonstrates how EGSEA can extend limma-based differential expression analyses for RNA-seq and microarray data using experiments that profile 3 distinct cell populations important for studying the origins of breast cancer. Following data normalization and set-up of an appropriate linear model for differential expression analysis, EGSEA builds gene signature specific indexes that link a wide range of mouse or human gene set collections obtained from MSigDB, GeneSetDB and KEGG to the gene expression data being investigated. EGSEA is then configured and the ensemble enrichment analysis run, returning an object that can be queried using several S4 methods for ranking gene sets and visualizing results via heatmaps, KEGG pathway views, GO graphs, scatter plots and bar plots. Finally, an HTML report that combines these displays can fast-track the sharing of results with collaborators, and thus expedite downstream biological validation. EGSEA is simple to use and can be easily integrated with existing gene expression analysis pipelines for both human and mouse data.
Parallel Miocene‐dominated diversification of the lichen‐forming fungal genus Oropogon (Ascomycota: Parmeliaceae) in different continents
Authors: Wei Xin-Li , Leavitt Steven D. , Huang Jen-Pan , Esslinger Theodore L. , Wang Li-Song , Moncada Bibiana , Lücking Robert , Divakar Pradeep K. , Lumbsch H. Thorsten 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLineages with broad, intercontinental distributions can provide insight into factors that influence diversity across both temporal and geographic scales. Lichens are well known for distinct biogeographic distribution patterns, including a high number of lineages with intercontinental distributions. The lichen‐forming fungal genus Oropogon, from one of the largest families of lichen‐forming ascomycetes, Parmeliaceae, occurs in both Asia and the Neotropics. How this genus obtained this disjunct distribution is not currently known. To better understand factors shaping diversity in Oropogon, we (i) estimated the timing of diversification of major clades within this genus; (ii) inferred the historical biogeography of Oropogon; and (iii) identified factors that potentially affected the distribution and evolution of this genus. Our results suggest that the genus originally radiated during the early Miocene, with subsequent diversification events occurring during the middle Miocene. Ancestral area reconstructions for Oropogon suggest that the genus was either widespread with subsequent separate diversification in Asia and America or originated in the New World (America), with subsequent migration to Asia. We hypothesize that the Mi‐1 glaciation impacted diversification of Oropogon species in Asia, and that the rise of major mountain ranges, such as the Himalayas, helped promote diversification in Oropogon in the Old World.
Experience of surgical treatment of thyroid and parathyroid diseases
Authors: Ilyicheva Elena , Ilyicheva Elena , Zharkaya Anastasia , Zharkaya Anastasia , Bulgatov Dmitriy , Bulgatov Dmitriy , Makhutov Valeriy , Makhutov Valeriy , Borichevskiy Vitaliy , Borichevskiy Vitaliy , Karasev Valeriy , Karasev Valeriy , Aldaranov Gennadiy , Aldaranov Gennadiy , Ovakimyan Gor , Ovakimyan Gor 
Published: November 2017

Background. In our country some aspects of thyroid and parathyroid surgery are still discussed.
Aim. To present our experience in surgical treatment of benign diseases of the thyroid and parathyroid glands.
Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the results of surgical treatment of 1511 patients with thyroid and
parathyroid disease was performed.
Results. Thyroidectomy was performed in 73.6 % of cases with thyroid diseases. The frequency of postoperative
complications: laryngeal paresis – 1.37 %, hypoparathyroidism – 0.84 %, hemorrhagic complications – 1.2 %. Selective
parathyroidectomy was performed in 99 % of cases with primary hyperparathyroidism. Persistent hypoparathyroidism
and laryngeal paresis have not been identified. Total parathyroidectomy with central neck dissection, upper mediastinum
and upper horn of the thymus gland was performed in 66.3 % of cases with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Persistent
laryngeal paresis was established in 3.3 % of cases, hemorrhagic complications – in 3.3 %.
Conclusions. Constant analysis of our own results gives us reasons for our own attitude to the controversial issues
of thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Presently, we prefer thyroidectomy in the treatment of diffuse toxic goiter and
multinodular goiter, hemithyroidectomy – for the single-node goiter. In the surgical treatment of primary and uremic
hyperparathyroidism, we consider mandatory the use of intraoperative monitoring of intact parathyroid hormone. When
performing total parathyroidectomy, we perform the autotransplantation of the fragment of the parathyroid gland.
Robust Dynamic Pricing with Two Substitutable Products
Authors: Chen Ming , Chen Zhi-Long 
Published: November 2017

We consider a practical dynamic pricing problem with two substitutable products involving a number of business rules commonly seen in practice. Demand substitution exists between the two products (interproduct substitution) and may also exist across different time periods (intertemporal substitution). However, there is limited demand information such that the underlying probability distributions of the demand cannot be characterized precisely. We use an interval to represent, respectively, the demand for each individual product in each period, the aggregate demand for the two products in each period, and the total aggregate demand for the two products across multiple time periods. We propose a robust optimization model for this problem to maximize the worst-case total revenue. For the problem with interproduct demand substitution only, we develop a dynamic programming algorithm and show that the search spaces in the DP can be reduced greatly, which enables the algorithm to generate optimal solutions in a reasonable amount of time. For the problem with both interproduct and intertemporal demand substitutions, we develop a more complex dynamic programming algorithm and design a fully polynomial time approximation scheme that guarantees a proven, near optimal solution in a manageable computation time for practically sized problems. Our computational results show that, compared to a risk-neutral approach, our robust optimization approach can decrease the variance of the revenue at a small expense of the average revenue. We also generate a number of managerial insights: (i) none of the key structural properties commonly studied in the pricing literature hold for our problem; (ii) the revenue impact of ignoring intertemporal demand substitution when such substitution exists can be quite significant; and (iii) under- or overestimating the bounds of the demand intervals or imposing moderate business rules leads to relatively small revenue loss, typically less than 3%. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0639 .
Low- and High-renin Heart Failure Phenotypes with Clinical Implications
Authors: Pavo Noemi , Goliasch Georg , Wurm Raphael , Novak Johannes , Strunk Guido , Gyöngyösi Mariann , Poglitsch Marko , Säemann Marcus D , Hülsmann Martin 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Blockade of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) represents a main strategy in the therapy of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but the role of active renin concentration (ARC) for guiding therapy in the presence of an RAS blockade remains to be established. This study assessed angiotensin profiles of HFrEF patients with distinct RAS activations as reflected by ARC.

METHODS
Two cohorts of stable chronic HFrEF patients on optimal medical treatment (OMT) were enrolled. We assessed ARC and all known circulating angiotensin metabolites, including AngI and AngII, by mass spectrometry to investigate the effect of different therapy modalities. Low- and high-renin HFrEF patients were identified by ARC screening and subsequently characterized by their angiotensin profiles.

RESULTS
Although different modes of RAS blockade resulted in typical AngII/AngI ratios, concentrations of (AngI+AngII) strongly correlated with ARC [r = 0.95, P &lt; 0.001] independent of therapy mode. Despite RAS blocker treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) or angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARB), which anticipated ARC upregulation, about 30% of patients showed lower/normal range ARC values. ARC did not correlate with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations and New York Heart Association (NYHA) stages. Angiotensin concentrations were profoundly diminished for the low-ARC group compared with the high-ARC group: AngI [6.4 ng/L (IQR: 2.1–12.5) vs 537.9 ng/L (IQR: 423.1–728.4), P &lt; 0.001 for ACE-I; and 4.5 ng/L (IQR: 1.4–11.2) vs 203.0 ng/L (IQR: 130.2–247.9), P = 0.003 for ARB] and AngII [&lt;1.4 ng/L (IQR: &lt;1.4–1.5) vs 6.1 ng/L (IQR: 2.0–11.1), P = 0.002 for ACE-I and 4.7 ng/L (IQR: &lt;1.4–12.3) vs 206.4 ng/L (IQR: 142.2–234.4), P &lt; 0.001 for ARB].

CONCLUSIONS
In addition to NT-proBNP and NYHA stages, ARC enables classification of HFrEF patients receiving OMT into more distinguished neurohumoral HFrEF phenotypes, offering a rationale for adaptive therapeutic interventions.
Editorial
Authors: Gomez Pedro Pablo 
Published: November 2017

Ponemos en manos del lector el primer número de Estudios Artísticos: revista de investigación creadora, un medio de socialización de conocimientos adscrito a la línea de investigación en Estudios Culturales de las Artes, del Proyecto de Doctorado en Estudios Artísticos de la Facultad de Artes –ASAB - Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas (Bogotá, Colombia). El nombre de la revista, acorde con la denominación del campo donde se crean los conocimientos que este medio nos permite socializar. En este punto, es importante referirnos brevemente a lo que entendemos por estudios artísticos y a las prácticas de investigación y creación que los constituyen, con el fin de perfilar de la mejor manera el carácter de nuestra revista.
Compresiones: política cultural, economía y mercado
Authors: Rojas Sotelo Miguel 
Published: November 2017

ResumenEsta reflexión presenta en forma comprimida, y en cuatro entregas, el tiempo/espacio en la escena artística local moldeada por determinantes históricos de finales de siglo XX y principios del XXI. Esta primera parte da cuenta de cómo la escritura de la historia del arte colombiano responde a derroteros de política cultural que hacen parte de la consolidación de modelos desarrollistas y neoliberales aplicados a la nación contemporánea, estos han desencadenado una producción crítica, ensayística y monográfica que da cuenta de las nuevas prácticas artísticas desde múltiples ópticas. Los nuevos imaginarios críticos resultantes están enmarcados en la supuesta modernización del Estado, caracterizada por una vocación descentralizadora, una obsesión febril con el archivo, la profesionalización del espacio del arte y el establecimiento de un espacio de mercado que busca el imposible “equilibrio general”. De esta forma, historias locales con ansias globales, re-inscriben nuestra experiencia de familia Occidental en la línea hegemónica del tiempo, sus mapas y mercados.
Una flor (modernidad) marchita
Authors: Rojas Sotelo Miguel 
Published: November 2017

ResumenEsta segunda parte, de la reflexión acerca del tiempo/espacio en la escena artística local moldeada por determinantes históricas de finales de siglo XX y principios del XXI, discute la insistencia de la clase media intelectual y del mundo del arte en revisitar momentos fundacionales de la nación tales como las expediciones científicas, tendencia que tal vez se explica por la nostalgia o interés de reclamar una modernidad incompleta. Se trata quizás, de un síntoma de esquizofrenia social y, a la vez, de una sensibilidad que en lo retro busca entender el presente que vive la nación. Esta sección hace una lectura comparada del trabajo de las artistas María Elvira Escallón (1954) y Libia Posada (1961) quienes desde una perspectiva múltiple dan cuenta de situaciones del contexto nacional relacionadas con el estado de lo público y su interacción con el mundo doméstico. Su trabajo revela el deterioro de esa modernidad en el ejercicio de lo patrimonial (duro) y del cuerpo (blando), y que mediante modelos de inclusión y participación en el espacio del arte, posibilita la emergencia de prácticas como las del arte situado (site specific) y en relación, que hacen contrapeso por su énfasis en lo procesual, efímero a lo puramente objetual y de mercado.
Tierra arrasada en la nación del brandin
Authors: Rojas Sotelo Miguel 
Published: November 2017

RESUMENEl siguiente artículo se enfoca en la construcción de una imagen de nación mansa, basada en una cultura popular domesticada por las fuerzas desarrollistas del mercado global. El branding de país y su espejo bizarro se hacen presentes en el trabajo de Juan Obando (1980). La escritura y crítica de arte local debe tener la capacidad de dar cuenta de estos contextos y múltiples movimientos en el que los constructos de política cultural, el fetiche de lo expedicionario moderno, lo taxonómico, la era pre-republicana y post-nacional, y el branding acercan la práctica artística a ámbitos de política pública, teoría económica y el diseño social. Los espacios de crítica y escritura de la historia deben establecer unas arqueologías del presente, que en proximidad y cuidadoso estudio hablen de la complejidad de los fenómenos que enfrenta la nación a cumplirse la segunda década del siglo XXI. Palabras ClaveArte; anarquismo; branding; diseño; narcoestética; mercado
Benutzungsdienste zwischen Automation, Bau und Technik
Authors: Christensen Anne 
Published: November 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ausleihe, Fernleihe und Auskunft sind die klassischen Arbeitsbereiche von Benutzungsabteilungen. Die Bereitstellung von Literatur und anderen Medien auf verschiedenen Lieferwegen sowie die Beratung von Benutzern und Benutzerinnen darüber sind jedoch Angebote, die immer weniger in Anspruch genommen werden, wie kumulierte Zahlen aus der Deutschen Bibliotheksstatistik zeigen. Gleichzeitig übernehmen Benutzungsabteilungen vielfältige neue Aufgaben, insbesondere bezüglich der Gestaltung des Lernorts Bibliothek. Der folgende Beitrag stellt Überlegungen zu den Perspektiven für Benutzungsabteilungen vor dem Hintergrund des stark veränderten Informationsverhaltens von Nutzerinnen und Nutzern wissenschaftlicher Bibliotheken an.
On the viscosity solutions of eigenvalue problems for a class of nonlinear elliptic equations
Authors: Bhattacharya Tilak , Marazzi Leonardo 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe consider viscosity solutions of a class of nonlinear degenerate elliptic equations, involving a parameter, on bounded domains.
These arise in the study of eigenvalue problems.
We prove comparison principles and a priori supremum bounds for the solutions.
We also address the eigenvalue problem and, in many instances, show the existence of the first eigenvalue and an associated positive first eigenfunction.
A New Runic Character on the Sedgeford Runic Handle/Ladle: Sound-Value Wanted
Authors: Waxenberger Gaby 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA new runic inscription was found in 2017. The object could be a handle of a ladle or spoon from Sedgeford, Norfolk. The tentative date of the object ranges from the 8th to the 10th century. The inscription consists of a cross and eight characters, seven of which are clearly runes, but the second character of the sequence is problematic. Although the inscription has no diagnostic rune identifying it as being written in the Old English fuþorc, there is no doubt that the language of the text is Old English. The inscription represents the Old English male personal name B[.]rnferþ. After an overview of the inscription and the runes, and a graph-typological description of character 2, I have attempted to analyze possible phoneme-grapheme relations of Graph 2, assigning the possible readings to certain dialect areas.
Trinity Homily XXIX De Sancto Andrea between Tradition and Innovation
Authors: Cataldi Claudio 
Published: November 2017

AbstractRecent scholarship has challenged the view of the late twelfth-century Trinity Homilies, and of the contemporary Lambeth Homilies, as two collections that merely continue the earlier Old English vernacular homiletic tradition. This study aims to contribute to the scholarly debate on the Trinity Homilies by considering the elements of tradition and innovation featured in the twenty-ninth sermon of the collection, De Sancto Andrea. Through a discussion on the passage on the ‘Soul’s Address to the Body’ preserved in this homily, I shall show that Trinity XXIX includes both elements of continuity with the ‘Soul and Body’ literature attested in Old English homiletic texts (like the antithetical rhetorical pattern developed in the damned soul’s speech) and new features (like the motif of the ‘Signs of Death’ and the theme of ‘neglectful friends’) which reflect early Middle English developments in the ‘Soul and Body’ theme. I shall argue that the Trinity XXIX homilist probably adapted and reworked a lost Latin source into a poetic passage metrically and thematically consistent with contemporary ‘Soul and Body’ poetry. In the Appendix, I shall discuss the sources for the Latin material embedded in Trinity XXIX.1