bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can digital data provide an additional data basis for educational reporting? The potential of search portals for continuing education programmes
Authors: Reichart E. , Kaufmann-Kuchta K. , Kullmann S. , Schiffner D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDigitisation has increasingly become a feature of education. Educational policy, too, has increasingly focused on digital processes and structures. Digital data opens up opportunities to improve the governance of continuing education given the inadequacy of existing statistics in the field of continuing education and training (CET). In this paper we use the InfoWeb Weiterbildung (IWWB) to demonstrate how CET search portals could be used as a data source to map available supply of CET. Using trends in CET delivery formats (online vs. face-to-face) and the regional distribution of offers as examples, potential practical applications of digitally-sourced data are illustrated. Requirements and limitations are discussed and research perspectives are drawn.
Margareta Klopstock (1728–1758)
Authors: Grütter Oliver 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDer folgende Artikel befasst sich mit der Person und dem literarischen Werk Margareta Klopstocks, die seit jeher im Schatten ihres ungleich prominenteren Ehemannes steht. Bisherige Forschungen haben ihren Anteil am Messias zumeist als bloße Hilfsarbeit interpretiert und die Hinterlaßnen Schriften (posthum 1759) mit dem Etikett der Epigonalität versehen. Dagegen argumentiert diese Studie für ein kollaboratives Verständnis ihrer Ehegemeinschaft und beschreibt das Schaffen der Autorin erstmals systematisch im Sinne einer eigenständigen geistlichen Poetik. Über Abschrift und Diktat ist Margareta Klopstock nicht nur vielfältig in die Schreibarbeiten ihres Mannes eingebunden, sondern stellt überdies einen literaturkritischen Resonanzraum für F. G. Klopstocks Texte bereit und vermittelt den Messias an den englischen Sprachraum. Kennzeichnend für ihr eigenes Werk sind dann wiederum Bezüge auf die Aufklärungstheologie und die englische Literatur der Zeit (Elizabeth Singer Rowe und Samuel Richardson), auf den Nordischen Aufseher (Polemik gegen die Freigeister) und die religiöse Bildung der Frau. Der Artikel zeigt so, dass das Verdikt der Zweitrangigkeit die historische Signifikanz Margareta Klopstocks und ihrer literarischen Hinterlassenschaft dramatisch unterschätzt.
Species on the move: a genetic story of three golden jackals at the expansion front
Authors: Bogdanowicz Wiesław , Bilska Aleksandra G. , Kleven Oddmund , Aspi Jouni , Caro Amaia , Harmoinen Jenni , Kvist Laura , Madeira Maria José , Pilot Małgorzata , Kopatz Alexander 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
One of the most fascinating mammalian range expansions in Europe involves an opportunistic mesocarnivore―the golden jackal (Canis aureus). However, key questions about the origins and dispersal strategies of pioneering individuals, likely the first to establish new populations, remain unanswered. We analyzed genetic data from three golden jackals found at the forefront of the expansion, reaching the Iberian Peninsula (Spain) and Fennoscandia (Finland and Norway, beyond the Arctic Circle). We genotyped two tissue samples and one fecal sample using 15 microsatellites and compared results with an extensive reference dataset. Additionally, we analyzed the mtDNA control region (HVR1) for two individuals. All individuals were males, identified as pure jackals and first-generation migrants. Our results suggested either western Pannonia (1650 km distance) or, less probably, the Adriatic region (1300 km) as the region of origin for the Spanish individual, also western Pannonia for the Finnish individual (2500 km), and the Baltics or the Caucasus for the Norwegian individual (1400 km to 3400 km). These sources represent abundant core populations or relatively recent and successfully colonized areas. Both the Spanish and Finnish individuals carried the prevalent H1 HVR1 haplotype in Europe, confirming matrilineal genetic uniformity on the continent. The recent expansion of C. aureus is fueled by several sources, showcasing the golden jackals’ remarkable ability for long-distance dispersal as they extend their range to northernmost and westernmost Europe. Our findings highlight the dynamic nature of wildlife distribution, providing insights into species movement across vast distances amidst climatic, environmental, and anthropogenic pressures.
What do rattle quills tell? A morphological analysis of the rattling in the African crested porcupine
Authors: Schianini Virginia , Gamba Marco , Mori Emiliano , Palagi Elisabetta 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Sonations are non-vocal acoustic signals whose production mechanisms have been rarely investigated in mammals. Since sonations are directly tied to specific anatomical characteristics, one issue in acoustic communication studies is estimating the morphological diversity of the structures responsible of sound emission. The nocturnal and social habits of the African crested porcupine make them an ideal model to address this issue. Both sexes bear highly specialised quills on their tail that, by colliding against each other, produce a sound (rattling). We measured the quills of 130 subjects and found that their morphology did not vary in relation to season and sex. Compared to subadults (N = 39) and adults (N = 81), cubs (< 6 months, N = 10) have fewer and stubbier rattle quills that also differ in their length and diameter across the age classes. The passage from the cub to the subadult phase seems to sign the most important changes in the quill development. Although it is unknown when and how often a cub produces rattling, the presence of quills at a very early stage of life indicates that they can potentially be used. Although several hypotheses can explain the potential role of cub rattling, one of the most reasonable is that, when olfactory and/or visual contacts are prevented, this sound can alert adults about potential predation risks on offspring. Matching morphological and acoustic data under different contexts will allow understanding the correlates at the basis of the potential roles of such a peculiar way of communication.
Parenting Styles and Youth’s Externalizing and Internalizing Behaviors: Does Self-Control Matter?
Authors: Almeida Diana , Santos Gilda 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe externalizing and internalizing behaviors of children and youth have been the object of extensive criminological research, mainly due to the potentially harmful impact on these individuals' future development and adjustment. The current study aimed to explore the influence of parenting styles on the emergence of children and youth’s externalizing and internalizing behaviors and to understand the influence of self-control in this relationship. Following a quantitative self-report approach and using a sample of 472 Portuguese middle-school children, this study found that the children’s sex, low self-control, and authoritative parenting style significantly predicted externalizing and internalizing behaviors. The data also revealed that children's age and the permissive parenting style significantly predicted externalizing but not internalizing behaviors and that the authoritarian parenting style significantly predicted internalizing behaviors. Low self-control partially mediated the relationship between parenting styles and externalizing and internalizing behaviors in most tested models. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Effect of remotely connected trialkyl ammonium groups on the dye molecules in the photochemical behavior on the clay nanosheet
Authors: Melechalil Masbooth Rasa , Shimada Tetsuya , Ishida Tamao , Takagi Shinsuke 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe enhanced emission properties of several cationic dye molecules on the clay surface established as a result of the strong electrostatic interaction and associated molecular flattening leading to either the suppression of non-radiative deactivation processes or the improvement of radiative deactivation processes has been verified, and it is known as surface-fixation induced emission (S-FIE). Here, the differences in the S-FIE properties as well as the self-fluorescence quenching behavior of the dimidium and propidium dyes were compared. Propidium differs from dimidium by the substitution of a propyl (diethyl methylammonium) group at the 5th position instead of the methyl group in dimidium. So, the differences induced by this substitution, which is not even in conjugation with the chromophore part of the dye molecule show a significant impact on the adsorption strength, S-FIE properties, and self-fluorescence quenching behavior. In propidium and dimidium, the suppression of knr was the key factor for emission enhancement on the clay surface. Interestingly, the alkylammonium cation group in the Propidium helped for better adsorption strength as well as to reduce the self-fluorescence quenching behavior on the clay surface as compared to the dimidium. Since the trialkylammonium cation was not in conjugation with the core structure of the molecule and located at a specific distance, it did not interrupt the flattening of the molecule on the clay surface. These results could be beneficial in the construction of efficient photochemical reaction systems, where the molecule having low adsorption strengths can be modified by alkyl ammonium cations, which will not affect molecular planarization.
Graphical Abstract
Context-aware and expert data resources for Brazilian Portuguese hate speech detection
Authors: Vargas Francielle , Carvalho Isabelle , Pardo Thiago A. S. , Benevenuto Fabrício 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper provides data resources for low-resource hate speech detection. Specifically, we introduce two different data resources: (i) the HateBR 2.0 corpus, which is composed of 7,000 comments extracted from Brazilian politicians’ accounts on Instagram and manually annotated a binary class (offensive versus non-offensive) and hate speech targets. It consists of an updated version of the HateBR corpus, in which highly similar and one-word comments were replaced; and (ii) the multilingual offensive lexicon (MOL), which consists of 1,000 explicit and implicit terms and expressions annotated with context information. The lexicon also comprises native-speaker translations and its cultural adaptations in English, Spanish, French, German, and Turkish. Both corpus and lexicon were annotated by three different experts and achieved high inter-annotator agreement. Lastly, we implemented baseline experiments on the proposed data resources. Results demonstrate the reliability of data outperforming baseline dataset results in Portuguese, besides presenting promising results for hate speech detection in different languages.
Towards a robust deep learning framework for Arabic sentiment analysis
Authors: Radman Azzam , Duwairi Rehab 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn spite of the superior performance deep neural networks have proven in thousands of applications in the past few years, addressing the over-sensitivity of these models to noise and/or intentional slight perturbations is still an active area of research. In the computer vision domain, perturbations can be directly applied to the input images. The task in the natural language processing domain is quite harder due to the discrete nature of natural languages. There has been a considerable amount of effort put to address this problem in high-resource languages like English. However, there is still an apparent lack of such studies in the Arabic language, and we aim to be the first to conduct such a study in this work. In this study, we start by training seven different models on a sentiment analysis task. Then, we propose a method to attack our models by means of the worst synonym replacement where the synonyms are automatically selected via the gradients of the input representations. After proving the effectiveness of the proposed adversarial attack, we aim to design a framework that enables the development of models robust to attacks. Three different frameworks are proposed in this work and a thorough comparison between the performance of these frameworks is presented. The three scenarios revolve around training the proposed models either on adversarial samples only or also including clean samples beside the adversarial ones, and whether or not to include weight perturbation during training.
Neural correlates of reward valuation in individuals with nonsuicidal self-injury under uncertainty
Authors: Lee Jae Oh , Moon Hyeri , Zoh Soo-Min , Jo Eunjin , Hur Ji-Won 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAttitudes toward risk and ambiguity significantly influence how individuals assess and value rewards. This fMRI study examines the reward valuation process under conditions of uncertainty and investigates the associated neural mechanisms in individuals who engage in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) as a coping mechanism for psychological pain.MethodsThe study involved 44 unmedicated individuals who reported five or more NSSI episodes in the past year, along with 42 age-, sex-, handedness-, IQ-, and socioeconomic status-matched controls. During the fMRI scans, all participants were presented with decision-making scenarios involving uncertainty, both in terms of risk (known probabilities) and ambiguity (unknown probabilities).ResultsIn the NSSI group, aversive attitudes toward ambiguity were correlated with increased emotion reactivity and greater method versatility. Whole-brain analysis revealed notable group-by-condition interactions in the right middle cingulate cortex and left hippocampus. Specifically, the NSSI group showed decreased neural activation under ambiguity v. risk compared to the control group. Moreover, reduced hippocampal activation under ambiguity in the NSSI group was associated with increased emotion regulation problems.ConclusionsThis study presents the first evidence of reduced brain activity in specific regions during value-based decision-making under conditions of ambiguity in individuals with NSSI. These findings have important clinical implications, particularly concerning emotion dysregulation in this population. This study indicates the need for interventions that support and guide individuals with NSSI to promote adaptive decision-making in the face of ambiguous uncertainty.
Deciphering the Significant Role of Biological Ice Nucleators in Precipitation at the Organic Molecular Level
Authors: Niu Mutong , Hu Wei , Huang Shu , Chen Jie , Zhong Shujun , Huang Ziye , Duan Peimin , Pei Xiangyu , Duan Jing , Bi Kai , Chen Shuang , Jin Rui , Sheng Ming , Yang Ning , Wu Libin , Deng Junjun , Zhu Jialei , Shen Fangxia , Wu Zhijun , Zhang Daizhou , Fu Pingqing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBiological particles, as a fraction of organic particles, potentially play a crucial role in ice nucleation processes. However, the contributions and relationships of biological components and organic matter (OM) to atmospheric ice nucleation remain largely unexplored. Here, total ice nucleating particles (INPs), heat‐resistant INPs, lysozyme‐resistant INPs, nanoscale INPs (<0.22 μm), and heat‐resistant nanoscale INPs in precipitation collected at the summit of Mt. Lu, China, were determined using droplet freezing assays coupled with corresponding pretreatments. Heat‐sensitive INPs and lysozyme‐sensitive INPs were considered as biological INPs and bacterial INPs, respectively. Microorganisms and OM molecules in precipitation were identified by high‐throughput sequencing technology and ultrahigh‐resolution mass spectrometry, respectively. Results revealed a predominant biological (heat‐sensitive) composition (78.8% and 93.2%) of total and nanoscale INPs at temperatures above −15°C. Specifically, bacterial (lysozyme‐sensitive) INPs accounted for 36.1% of the biological INPs at temperatures above −15°C. A notable correlation between sulfur‐containing organic compounds, mainly proteinaceous and lignin‐like substances, and INPs was uncovered, with a co‐occurrence network linking these compounds to Gram‐positive bacteria and Agaricomycetes. This study underscored the possible significance of sulfur‐containing organic compounds in the ice nucleation capacity of biological INPs, further shedding light on the ice nucleation mechanisms and potential sources of biological INPs.
Effects of Sea Ice on Arctic Delta Evolution: A Modeling Study of the Colville River Delta, Alaska
Authors: Cooper Caroline , Eidam Emily , Seim Harvey , Nienhuis Jaap 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSeasonal sea ice impacts Arctic delta morphology by limiting wave and river influences and altering river‐to‐ocean sediment pathways. However, the long‐term effects of sea ice on delta morphology remain poorly known. To address this gap, 1D morphologic and hydrodynamic simulations were set up in Delft3D to study the 1500‐year development of Arctic deltas during the most energetic Arctic seasons: spring break‐up/freshet, summer open‐water, and autumn freeze‐up. The model focused on the deltaic clinoform (i.e., the vertical cross‐sectional view of a delta) and used a floating barge structure to mimic the effects of sea ice on nearshore waters. From the simulations we find that ice‐affected deltas form a compound clinoform morphology, that is, a coupled subaerial and subaqueous delta separated by a subaqueous platform that resembles the shallow platform observed offshore of Arctic deltas. Nearshore sea ice affects river dynamics and promotes sediment bypassing during sea ice break‐up, forming an offshore depocenter and building a subaqueous platform. A second depocenter forms closer to shore during the open‐water season at the subaerial foreset that aids in outbuilding the subaerial delta and assists in developing the compound clinoform morphology. Simulations of increased wave activity and reduced sea‐ice, likely futures under a warming Arctic climate, show that deltas may lose their shallow platform on centennial timescales by (a) sediment infill and/or (b) wave erosion. This study highlights the importance of sea ice on Arctic delta morphology and the potential morphologic transitions these high‐latitude deltas may experience as the Arctic continues to warm.
RAB17 promotes endometrial cancer progression by inhibiting TFRC-dependent ferroptosis
Authors: Zhou Xing , Nie Miaomiao , Xin Xiaoyan , Hua Teng , Zhang Jun , Shi Rui , Dong Kejun , Shu Wan , Yan Bei , Wang Hongbo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractStudies have indicated that RAB17 expression levels are associated with tumor malignancy, and RAB17 is more highly expressed in endometrial cancer (EC) tissues than in peritumoral tissues. However, the roles and potential mechanisms of RAB17 in EC remain undefined. The present study confirmed that the expression of RAB17 facilitates EC progression by suppressing cellular ferroptosis-like alterations. Mechanistically, RAB17 attenuated ferroptosis in EC cells by inhibiting transferrin receptor (TFRC) protein expression in a ubiquitin proteasome-dependent manner. Because EC is a blood-deprived tumor with a poor energy supply, the relationship between RAB17 and hypoglycemia was investigated. RAB17 expression was increased in EC cells incubated in low-glucose medium. Moreover, low-glucose medium limited EC cell ferroptosis and promoted EC progression through the RAB17-TFRC axis. The in vitro results were corroborated by in vivo studies and clinical data. Overall, the present study revealed that increased RAB17 promotes the survival of EC cells during glucose deprivation by inhibiting the onset of TFRC-dependent ferroptosis.
Maintenance of magnesium homeostasis by NUF2 promotes protein synthesis and anaplastic thyroid cancer progression
Authors: Bao Lisha , Gong Yingying , Che Yulu , Li Ying , Xu Tong , Chen Jinming , Wang Shanshan , Tan Zhuo , Huang Ping , Pan Zongfu , Ge Minghua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThyroid cancer is the most frequently observed endocrine-related malignancy among which anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is the most fatal subtype. The synthesis of protein is active to satisfy the rapid growth of ATC tumor, but the mechanisms regulating protein synthesis are still unknown. Our research revealed that kinetochore protein NUF2 played an essential role in protein synthesis and drove the progression of ATC. The prognosis of patients with thyroid carcinoma was positively correlated with high NUF2 expression. Depletion of NUF2 in ATC cells notably inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis, while overexpression of NUF2 facilitated ATC cell viability and colony formation. Deletion of NUF2 significantly suppressed the growth and metastasis of ATC in vivo. Notably, knockdown of NUF2 epigenetically inhibited the expression of magnesium transporters through reducing the abundance of H3K4me3 at promoters, thereby reduced intracellular Mg2+ concentration. Furthermore, we found the deletion of NUF2 or magnesium transporters significantly inhibited the protein synthesis mediated by the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. In conclusion, NUF2 functions as an emerging regulator for protein synthesis by maintaining the homeostasis of intracellular Mg2+, which finally drives ATC progression.
Methyltransferase METTL3 governs the modulation of SH3BGR expression through m6A methylation modification, imparting influence on apoptosis in the context of Down syndrome-associated cardiac development
Authors: Shi Weili , Chen Rui , Zhou Mingjie , Li Yunian , Zhang Yuwei , Wang Jikui , Hao Bingtao , Liao Shixiu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDown syndrome (DS), caused by an additional chromosome 21, has a high risk of congenital heart defects (CHD), one of the primary causes of mortality in DS newborns. To elucidate the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying this condition, we explored the role of RNA m6A methylation, regulated by METTL3, in DS cardiac development and its impact on the expression of SH3BGR, a gene located at Down syndrome congenital heart disease (DS-CHD) minimal region. We analyzed DS fetal cardiac tissues to assess RNA m6A methylation levels and identify potential contributors. RNA sequencing was performed to detect differentially expressed genes in the same tissues. To further understand METTL3’s function in heart development, we inactivated Mettl3 in the developing mouse heart to mimic the significantly reduced METTL3 observed in DS cardiac development. Additionally, human cardiomyocyte AC16 cells were used to investigate the molecular mechanism by which METTL3 regulates SH3BGR expression. Apoptosis was analyzed to evaluate METTL3’s effect on heart development through SH3BGR regulation. Reduced m6A modification and decreased METTL3 expression were observed in human DS fetal hearts, along with a significant increase of SH3BGR expression. METTL3, through m6A modification, was found to regulate SH3BGR expression, by influencing mRNA stability. METTL3-deficient mouse embryos exhibited heart malformation with increased apoptosis, emphasizing its role in heart development. In DS hearts, METTL3 downregulation and SH3BGR upregulation, potentially orchestrated by abnormal m6A modification, contribute to gene dysregulation and apoptosis. This study reveals novel insights into DS cardiac pathology, highlighting the intricate role of METTL3 in DS congenital heart defects and presenting the m6A modification of SH3BGR as a potential therapeutic target.