bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disease severity and muscular strength as predictors of arm and leg ergometry capacity in chronic respiratory disease
Authors: Chapman Kylie Christine , Dreyer Lukas Ignatius 
Published: June 2016

Background: The aim was to examine the predictability of stage of disease (FEV1) and measures of strength (arm and leg) to arm and leg ergometry capacity of patients with chronic respiratory diseases. Methods: A total of 44 chronic respiratory disease patients, 16 males and 28 females (mean age = 59.8 ± 11.9 years), with an FEV1 of 22%–89% predicted (mean FEV1% predicted = 54.6 ± 18.3) participated. All participants completed spirometry, Medical Research Council grade, anthropometric assessment, submaximal arm and leg ergometry testing, grip strength, and isokinetic quadriceps and hamstrings strength and endurance testing. Results: To determine contributing and predictor variables of arm and leg ergometry capacity, multiple linear and binary regression analyses were performed. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that quadriceps strength (N m), FEV1% and grip strength (kg) predicted 64% of peak wattage during submaximal leg ergometry testing (adjusted R2 = 64%, F = 26.387 and p = 0.00). Quadriceps strength showed the highest predictability of peak leg ergometry wattage ( p = 0.00, β = 0.844 and t = 6.238), followed by grip strength and FEV1% ( p = 0.038, β = −0.270 and t = −2.143 and p = 0.028, β = −0.230 and t = 2.279, respectively). A second regression analysis determined that quadriceps strength (N m), FEV1% and grip strength (kg) predicted 53% of peak wattage during submaximal arm ergometry testing (adjusted R2 = 0.53, F = 17.018 and p = 0.00). Quadriceps strength was the only independent variable that showed predictability of peak arm ergometry wattage ( p = 0.00, β = 0.793 and t = 5.125). The odds ratio analysis indicated that chronic respiratory disease patients with high quadriceps strength have 13.76 times higher odds of having high peak arm ergometry wattage. This odds ratio equated to an 85% probability of having high arm ergometry peak wattage if quadriceps strength is high. Conclusions: In summary, the main factors predicting leg ergometry capacity were quadriceps strength, FEV1 and grip strength. Quadriceps strength was the only statistically significant predictor of peak arm ergometry wattage, suggesting a relationship between arm and leg functionality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.
Hybrid systems based on organic dyes and clay minerals: Fundamentals and potential applications
Authors: Bujdák Juraj 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis review summarizes several aspects of the interactions between organic dyes and clay minerals, and presents some interesting properties of hybrid materials based on these components. It explains the basic phenomena and photophysical properties of dye/clay mineral hybrid systems (DCHS) while examining the role of clay minerals in them. A brief history of using dyes as tools for clay research and on traditional materials based on DCHS is presented. Metachromasy, the phenomenon of colour change related to the formation of dye molecular aggregates is described in detail and analysed from various perspectives. The properties of DCHS, including photoactivity, luminescence, photocatalytic properties, optical anisotropy and non-linear optical properties are analysed in detail. Clay minerals often play a significant role in the occurrence of specific photophysical phenomena such as resonance energy transfer and luminescence quenching and may influence various reactions, such as conformational changes in dye molecules, photochromism, photoisomerization, photosensitization and other photochemical processes. Routes to synthesize various types of hybrid materials are also described here. The relevance of DCHS for clay research, chemistry and materials science is summarized briefly.
Thrombopoietin receptor agonists shift the balance of Fcγ receptors toward inhibitory receptor IIb on monocytes in ITP
Authors: Liu Xin-guang , Liu Shuang , Feng Qi , Liu Xue-na , Li Guo-sheng , Sheng Zi , Chen Peng , Liu Yang , Wei Yu , Dong Xiao-yuan , Qin Ping , Gao Chengjiang , Ma Chunhong , Zhang Lei , Hou Ming , Peng Jun 
Published: June 2016

Key PointsTPO-RAs shift monocyte FcγR balance toward the inhibitory FcγRIIb and correct the enhanced phagocytic capacity of macrophages in ITP.
Earnings after DI: evidence from full medical continuing disability reviews
Authors: Hemmeter Jeffrey , Bailey Michelle Stegman 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Social Security Disability Insurance beneficiaries undergo periodic medical reviews to determine if they continue to be eligible for disability benefits. We examine how these reviews affect beneficiary well-being by using administrative data to track the earnings of beneficiaries for up to 5 years after their reviews. We estimate that a sizeable percentage of beneficiaries would work if their benefits were ceased in a medical review. However, many appear to be unable to maintain employment: only one in three would have earnings over the full follow-up period. Further, far fewer would reach any of several measures of earnings sufficiency.

JEL codes: H51, H53, I38, J14
One More Time with Feeling: Repetition, Reparation, and the Sentimental Subject in William Wells Brown’s Rewritings ofClotel
Authors: Soderberg Laura 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe publication history of Clotel, which was rewritten and rereleased three times in twenty-five years, puts considerable strain on conventional readings of sentimental activism’s focus on the exceptional individual and private resolution. In the patterns of repetition and transformation that emerge from Brown’s self-duplication, I therefore argue that Clotel and its successors provide a new historiography of systemic trauma that is highly relevant to current debates on redress and reparations in the United States. Read together, this interlinked series reshapes what narrative can be, producing scenes that refuse to be marshalled into the discrete chronology of simple plot and a host of characters whose lives overlap and blur in their shared circumstances and joint wounds.
Chronicling Contemporary Latinidad
Authors: Hanna Monica 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Some of the most compelling and widely consumed US Latin@ literature being produced at the turn of the twenty-first century is literary journalism in the form of the chronicle, a transnational and transhistorical genre that draws on US and Latin American literary traditions. This essay elucidates the genre’s contemporary contours in the work of US Latin@ writers, including Héctor Tobar, Sonia Nazario, Daniel Alarcón, and Daniel Hernandez, whose lives and writings traverse multiple American borders as they cover issues like undocumented migration, narcopolitics, and cultural assimilation. The essay argues that an examination of how this genre portrays the present and imagines the future allows for an investigation into the current shape, possibilities, and limits of Latinidad as imagined by US Latin@ writers. Studying the chronicle’s genealogies, areas of thematic focus, modes of community imagination, and reception and distribution, the essay explores the ways in which US Latin@ writers are engaging the transnational literary imagination to intervene in historical portrayals, political debates, and the shaping of a Latin@ identity that is still under construction in the United States. It pays particular attention to the intersections of nationality, citizenship, and class that complicate concepts of Latin@ hemispheric unity.
Three-dimensional visualisation of soft biological structures by X-ray computed micro-tomography
Authors: Shearer Tom , Bradley Robert S. , Hidalgo-Bastida L. Araida , Sherratt Michael J. , Cartmell Sarah H. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
Whereas the two-dimensional (2D) visualisation of biological samples is routine, three-dimensional (3D) imaging remains a time-consuming and relatively specialised pursuit. Current commonly adopted techniques for characterising the 3D structure of non-calcified tissues and biomaterials include optical and electron microscopy of serial sections and sectioned block faces, and the visualisation of intact samples by confocal microscopy or electron tomography. As an alternative to these approaches, X-ray computed micro-tomography (microCT) can both rapidly image the internal 3D structure of macroscopic volumes at sub-micron resolutions and visualise dynamic changes in living tissues at a microsecond scale. In this Commentary, we discuss the history and current capabilities of microCT. To that end, we present four case studies to illustrate the ability of microCT to visualise and quantify: (1) pressure-induced changes in the internal structure of unstained rat arteries, (2) the differential morphology of stained collagen fascicles in tendon and ligament, (3) the development of Vanessa cardui chrysalises, and (4) the distribution of cells within a tissue-engineering construct. Future developments in detector design and the use of synchrotron X-ray sources might enable real-time 3D imaging of dynamically remodelling biological samples.
The Religious Component of the World Meaning in the Mechanism of Individual’s Identification Processes
Authors: Салихова  , Salikhova Elvina , Мурсалимова  , Mursalimova Yu. 
Published: June 2016

The aim of the study is to describe the religious component of the person’s
worldview. The results of association experiments enable us to reconstruct
the specifics of the actualization of the word’s psychological meaning in
the individual’s linguistic consciousness. This approach is perspective in
the study of associations for establishing the religious worldview in which
the linguistic division of the world is correlated with the typology of associative
fields. Language and religion, representing two different images of
the world, have in their structure different content both by volume and the
nature of the information, constituenting this knowledge and by its role and
place in the structure of social consciousness. Language and religion are
the ways of formation and existence of knowledge, and the combination of
this knowledge of reality, formed in general consciousness is a worldview.
In this material there is to show the mutual influence of religious and linguistic
worldviews by identifying and partial description of the religious meaning
of the word, which is defined as a content of a word, displaying in the mind
of an individual and fixing in it the mystical views, based on the faith in supernatural
forces and beings (gods, spirits). Subsequent stages of the study
of the religious component in the mechanism of identification processes in
the person’s linguistic consciousness involve a comparative study of verbal
associations on the material of a number of Turkic languages.
Cross-Cultural Communication in Multi-Ethnic Educational Space
Authors: Воевода  , Voevoda Elena 
Published: June 2016

Migration processes that have embraced the whole world and serve as
one of the specific features of the 21st century have necessitated revision
of priorities in preparation for cross-cultural communication. Traditionally
it was common practice to prepare students for cross-cultural communication
abroad while today, Russia numbers hundreds of multi-ethnic and
multi-cultural companies and organizations both in the private and the state
sectors. University authorities take certain efforts to help international students
adapt to the teaching process. But no one considers it necessary to
prepare Russian students for facing other cultures that are represented by
their peers from the various regions of Russia. Lecturers face the same
problem and often fail to realize that students who are seemingly reluctant
to work in the classroom are culturally motivated. In both cases, the cultural
clash may create communication barriers in academic communication and
provoke inter-cultural conflicts. That explains the necessity of systematic
work with the aim of preparing both students and lecturers for cross-cultural
communication in the multi-ethnic educational space.
Rating functional capabilities of veterans with traumatic brain injury by family members and veterans
Authors: Winter Laraine , Moriarty Helene J , Robinson Keith M , Newhart Brian 
Published: June 2016

Background/Aims: People with a traumatic brain injury often perceive their everyday functional capabilities differently from their families. The tendency to underrate one's own limitations is often attributed to deficits in self-awareness. Yet the possibility that family ratings are subjective and may thus account for differences has been neglected despite its clinical relevance. The present study examined possible factors influencing family member's ratings, testing two hypotheses: (1) Different types of relatives (i.e. spouses versus non-spouses) may rate functioning differently (2) Incongruence may be more pronounced in less observable domains of function. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 83 veterans with a traumatic brain injury and a non-spousal family member or spouse were interviewed at home, using the Patient Competency Rating Scale and eliciting sociodemographic characteristics. Findings: Competence ratings differed by relationship type (spouse/other), with spouses rating veteran functioning lower (mean: 3.25, SD=0.762) than did non-spouses overall (mean: 3.55, SD=0.583; F [1, 81]=4.55, P=0.036). Incongruent ratings by veterans and family members (across relationship types) were found in the domain of cognitive functioning only (F [1, 81]=4.268, P=0.042). Conclusions: Treatment plans should not rely exclusively on family ratings of functional competence. Non-spousal family members in particular may underestimate functional difficulties, especially in the cognitive domain.
Patients' and caregivers' self-perceived stroke education needs in inpatient rehabilitation
Authors: Shook Rebecca , Stanton Sue 
Published: June 2016

Background: Identifying patients' and caregivers' learning needs and perspectives on provided education activities is vital for the development of effective education in rehabilitation, yet it may not be deemed important. This study explored the stroke education perspectives in a Canadian rehabilitation centre to illustrate one approach for addressing this problem. Methods: This qualitative description study was overlaid by phenomenology; in-depth interviews were transcribed then analysed using a foundational thematic analysis approach. The concepts of reflexivity and credibility were employed to enhance trustworthiness. Findings: Three patients and three caregivers were interviewed. Conveyed education focuses included secondary prevention, rate of recovery, knowledge collection, adherence to home programmes, transition to home, and personal responses to caregiving. Client-centred education, including providing personally relevant exercises, facilitating interaction with other patients, and incorporating print materials, trial discharges, and technology, empowered patients and caregivers to benefit from ‘teachable moments’. Conclusions: If education programmes are to achieve expected outcomes, input from targeted learners about their learning needs and the effectiveness of received education programmes is essential. Qualitative description is one approach for gathering information which can yield valuable insights for those designing education programmes and contribute to improved patient-centred care and rehabilitation outcomes.
Relaxation and chronic pain: A critical review
Authors: Jeffrey Sarah , McClelland Tracy , Carus Catherine , Graham Claire 
Published: June 2016

Background/Aims: Chronic non-malignant pain is a global condition with a complex biopsychosocial impact on the sufferers. Relaxation skills are commonly included as part of a pain management programme, which is currently the recommended evidence-based intervention for this group of patients. However, there is little evidence behind the choice of relaxation method implemented, or their effectiveness. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of relaxation skills in the management of chronic non-malignant pain, related to pain intensity and health-related quality of life. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, PEDro and PsycARTICLES. The Cochrane, DARE and Trip databases were also accessed, and searches were carried out using the terms (relaxation OR relaxation therapy OR relaxation training) AND (pain OR chronic pain). Findings: Following critical appraisal, ten studies met the inclusion criteria. Three studies reported a decrease in pain intensity as a result of the relaxation intervention, while only one study reported an improvement in health-related quality of life. Progressive muscle relaxation was the most commonly implemented method throughout, although its method of delivery differed between studies. Conclusions: There is little evidence for the use of relaxation as a stand-alone intervention for pain intensity and health-related quality of life for patients with musculoskeletal chronic non-malignant pain. More research is needed to determine its effectiveness.
Diagnostic work up and recognition of primary bone tumours: a review
Authors: Plant James , Cannon Stephen 
Published: June 2016

Benign abnormalities of bone are common, especially in children. Malignant bone sarcomas are aggressive and have a poor outcome, particularly if treatment is delayed or initiated in a non-specialist centre. Conversely, specialist tumour centres are overwhelmed with referrals for benign disease, a predictable outcome of an increasingly litigious medical environment. This review aims to arm the general orthopaedic surgeon or general practitioner with information to better discern a benign bone lesion from a malignant one, and explain the process of investigation and onward referral for those in whom malignant disease is suspected. Cite this article: Plant J, Cannon S. Diagnostic work up and recognition of primary bone tumours: a review. EFORT Open Rev 2016;1:247-253. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.1.000035.
Towards an evidence-based management of right iliac fossa pain in the over 50-year-old patient
Authors: Gammeri E , Catton A , van Duren BH , Appleton SG , van Boxel GI 
Published: June 2016

Introduction Right iliac fossa pain is a common presenting complaint to general surgery. The differential diagnosis is wide, particularly in the elderly. Computed tomography (CT) is often used in the ‘older’ population, as they have a higher prevalence of acute colonic diverticulitis and colonic neoplasia, both of which should be identified prior to surgery. There is, however, no published evidence to support this practice. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the records of all patients aged over 50 years who presented with right iliac fossa (RIF) pain to a district general hospital. We determined whether tenderness was predominantly right- or left-sided and whether systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) was present on admission. The use of imaging modalities, their results and, if performed, operative findings were recorded. Results Of 3160 patients identified, 89 met the inclusion criteria. Diagnoses included appendicitis (27%), neoplasia (15%), non-specific abdominal pain (15%) and acute colonic diverticulitis (10%). CT was performed in 82% of patients, with a sensitivity of 97% based on operative findings. Six patients underwent surgery without a scan, two of whom required a change in the planned procedure due to unexpected findings. Conclusions Unless contraindicated, CT scanning should be mandatory in patients aged over 50 years presenting with signs of peritonism in the RIF or lower abdomen.
‘That b**** ruined my walk’: FEMEN, Fashion Week and female spectacle
Authors: Dungay Leah 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In September 2013, two topless female protesters arrived at Paris Fashion Week, found a way into the Nina Ricci Spring/Summer ’14 show and abruptly joined the models on the catwalk. These women faced countless photographers, video cameras and journalists before being taken away by security. This article will critically analyse this action by the contemporary feminist protest group FEMEN, focusing on their use of ‘female spectacle’ and the group’s complex relationship with the mass media and ‘spectacular culture’. This article will consider the ways in which practises of risk, stunting and female spectacle are employed by FEMEN within their topless protest form in order to undermine the dominant hegemonic constructions of female identity. Thus, it will also examine criticisms surrounding FEMEN’s problematic use of the gendered/sexualised female body in protest. This article will explore the content and focus of the subsequent media representation of the Fashion Week protest in order to examine FEMEN’s belief in representational visibility as a form of political power.
An architecture of resistance
Authors: Brewer Helen 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In 2006 Heathrow Airport began campaigning for its expansion and the build of a new runway in order to accommodate its growing number of flights. The costly proposal was, and still is, met with anger and protest by environmentalists, politicians and more adamantly, by the neighbourhoods facing destruction. Consequently, activists have defended and occupied the site of the proposed third runway for the past five years. The following article investigates the spatial politics of resistance within Grow Heathrow, a space propagating the need for community-led activism and D.I.Y. architecture.
Adapting from the Internet: Cultural adaptation in Teh Internet is Serious Business
Authors: Nicholas Tom 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This article argues that the Internet today constitutes a social and cultural space, holding within it a culture distinct from that of the physical world with its own customs, morals and beliefs. Taking as a case study Tim Price’s Teh [sic] Internet is Serious Business, which premiered at the Royal Court Theatre in September 2014, it will use Patrice Pavis’ ‘hour-glass’ model to carry out a textual analysis of this adaptation of the factual story of the formation of online activist groups Anonymous and LulzSec for presentation within the theatrical form of contemporary Britain, a narrative which has become one of Internet Culture’s major cultural myths.
Interview with Dr Inger Mewburn
Authors: Mewburn Inger 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The JAWS guest editorial is the only writing within the journal that is not entirely produced by current students. In this case, we had a call for questions from our editors and peer-reviewers to pose to Dr Inger Mewburn. We covered her blog, publications and the role of academia in social media. Here she shares with us her advice for coping with self-doubt, the challenges of academic blogging and why, although it may initially seem like another language, eventually navigating academic jargon will become as easy as breathing ...
Technology as collaborator in somatic photographic practice
Authors: Wilson Anne Scott 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This visual essay will address several areas of research. First, it will propose that a dance experience can translate into another discipline such as visual art. In my visual art practice I combine both photography, which is traditionally seen as a still medium, and performance in order to create a new form of embodiment. By acknowledging the interrelationship between the body and the camera my project seeks to challenge a perceived separation between the disciplines. The following images were conceived through a performative somatic process, which I define in the course of this article. Through using a custom made camera I was able to negotiate time and space to create visual drawings that talk to both choreography and fine art practice.