bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review on Inter-satellite Link in Inter-satellite Optical Wireless Communication
Authors: Arora Heena , Goyal Rakesh 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn this paper, inter-satellite optical wireless communication (IsOWC) system is proposed, one of the imperative utilizations of free space optics/wireless space optics (FSO)/WSO innovation. IsOWC frameworks give a high bandwidth, small size, small weight, low power and minimal effort different option for present microwave satellite frameworks. Optical communications systems have evolved from lengthy fibers to powerful wireless system. This has hence resulted in the use of optical wireless communication system in space communications. As the quantity of satellites circling the Earth expands year by year, a system between the satellites gives a strategy to them to correspond with one another. This is vital for satellites to send data to each other furthermore to hand off the data starting with one satellite then onto the next satellite and after that to the ground stations. By utilizing laser satellite correspondence, the satellites can be joined with information rates up to a few Gbps. The system performance including bit rates, input power, wavelength and distance on an inter-satellite link was analyzed. Various issues such as bit rates, input power, wavelength and distance were presented in IsOWC.
Optimal Real-Time Filters for Linear Prediction Problems
Authors: Wildi Marc , McElroy Tucker 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe classic model-based paradigm in time series analysis is rooted in the Wold decomposition of the data-generating process into an uncorrelated white noise process. By design, this universal decomposition is indifferent to particular features of a specific prediction problem (e. g., forecasting or signal extraction) – or features driven by the priorities of the data-users. A single optimization principle (one-step ahead forecast error minimization) is proposed by this classical paradigm to address a plethora of prediction problems. In contrast, this paper proposes to reconcile prediction problem structures, user priorities, and optimization principles into a general framework whose scope encompasses the classic approach. We introduce the linear prediction problem (LPP), which in turn yields an LPP objective function. Then one can fit models via LPP minimization, or one can directly optimize the linear filter corresponding to the LPP, yielding the Direct Filter Approach. We provide theoretical results and practical algorithms for both applications of the LPP, and discuss the merits and limitations of each. Our empirical illustrations focus on trend estimation (low-pass filtering) and seasonal adjustment in real-time, i. e., constructing filters that depend only on present and past data.
“Truth,” Interrupted: Leveraging Digital Media for Culturally Sustaining Education
Authors: Buckley-Marudas Mary Frances 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This inquiry into the digital discussion forums tied to two English classes in an urban public high school examines the potential of new media to honor the multicultural composition of classrooms and support teachers to design culturally sustaining pedagogies. Given the increasing significance of digital media as well as the growing diversity of our classrooms, it is critical that educational researchers, practitioners, and policymakers think about the ways in which new media could support multicultural teaching and learning. This work draws on socio-cultural constructions of literacy, resource pedagogies, and critical literacy frameworks. The author uses case study methodologies to understand how digital media, specifically networked technologies, support secondary level students as they wrestle with complex issues related to race, language, and culture. This article offers three central ideas that emerged from an analysis of student participants’ interactions across the networked spaces that were linked to the intellectual work of their English classes. This work has implications for educators at all levels who are committed to addressing issues related to race, language, class, and other identities that are salient in all classrooms. The author puts forth a pedagogical approach for sustaining multiculturalism in the context of rigorous academic work. This approach intentionally draws on digital media to cultivate culturally responsive education.
Numerical Prediction of the Influence of Thrust Reverser on Aeroengine’s Aerodynamic Stability
Authors: Zhiqiang Wang , Xigang Shen , Jun Hu , Xiang Gao , Liping Liu 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA numerical method was developed to predict the aerodynamic stability of a high bypass ratio turbofan engine, at the landing stage of a large transport aircraft, when the thrust reverser was deployed. 3D CFD simulation and 2D aeroengine aerodynamic stability analysis code were performed in this work, the former is to achieve distortion coefficient for the analysis of engine stability. The 3D CFD simulation was divided into two steps, the single engine calculation and the integrated aircraft and engine calculation. Results of the CFD simulation show that with the decreasing of relative wind Mach number, the engine inlet will suffer more severe flow distortion. The total pressure and total temperature distortion coefficients at the inlet of the engines were obtained from the results of the numerical simulation. Then an aeroengine aerodynamic stability analysis program was used to quantitatively analyze the aerodynamic stability of the high bypass ratio turbofan engine. The results of the stability analysis show that the engine can work stably, when the reverser flow is re-ingested. But the anti-distortion ability of the booster is weaker than that of the fan and high pressure compressor. It is a weak link of engine stability.
SIRT5 promotes IDH2 desuccinylation and G6PD deglutarylation to enhance cellular antioxidant defense
Authors: Zhou Lisha , Wang Fang , Sun Renqiang , Chen Xiufei , Zhang Mengli , Xu Qi , Wang Yi , Wang Shiwen , Xiong Yue , Guan Kun‐Liang , Yang Pengyuan , Yu Hongxiu , Ye Dan 
Published: April 2016

AbstractExcess in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) is considered as a major cause of cellular oxidative stress. NADPH, the main intracellular reductant, has a key role in keeping glutathione in its reduced form GSH, which scavenges ROS and thus protects the cell from oxidative damage. Here, we report that SIRT5 desuccinylates and deglutarylates isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) and glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), respectively, and thus activates both NADPH‐producing enzymes. Moreover, we show that knockdown or knockout of SIRT5 leads to high levels of cellular ROS. SIRT5 inactivation leads to the inhibition of IDH2 and G6PD, thereby decreasing NADPH production, lowering GSH, impairing the ability to scavenge ROS, and increasing cellular susceptibility to oxidative stress. Our study uncovers a SIRT5‐dependent mechanism that regulates cellular NADPH homeostasis and redox potential by promoting IDH2 desuccinylation and G6PD deglutarylation.
TRADITION AND IDELOGY: DISCOURSE OF THE PILGRIMAGE TO AGLONA
Authors: Juško-Štekele Angelika 
Published: April 2016

<p><em>The purpose of this article is to characterize the tradition of pilgrimages to Aglona and the collision of religious and anti-religious ideology during the Soviet period in the latter half of the 20<sup>th</sup> century. In respect to research sources (magazine and journal articles), the research uses social constructionist theory, which provides a critical view of information taken for granted, the historical and cultural conditionality of facts, and links between knowledge, social processes, and their development.</em></p><p><em>The attention of the article is not strongly focused upon the pilgrimage as a cultural phenomenon, but upon the meaning assigned to it in specific historical and cultural situations during the period of Soviet ideology. Elite discursive characterizations of 19 pilgrimages were published from 1952 to 1976 in Latvian Soviet mouthpiece publications such as the newspapers </em><em>„</em><em>Cīņa” (‘Struggle’), </em><em>„</em><em>Padomju Jaunatne” (‘Soviet Youth’), the magazine </em><em>„</em><em>Zvaigzne” (‘Star’), etc. From these materials a body of text has been compiled that consists of 12,893 words, which were statistically analyzed with the computer program Mono Conc pro for Windows. Content analysis of the research material utilizes the method of ideological analysis of media text developed by the professor of media pedagogy Alexandr Fedorov, looking for influencing techniques adopted by mass media such as instrumentation, projection, selection, exaggeration or embellishment of facts, insult, attribution of offensive properties, evidence presentation and stylistic simplification.</em></p><em>The understanding of ideological structure in the article was supported by the work of the American political scientist John Zaller, who updated knowledge of informative tools used in so-called elite discourse or top-down political ideology to influence public opinion.</em>
Textos y glosas nº 9
Authors: Administración Revista Barataria 
Published: April 2016

Reseñas Bibliográficas correspondientes al número 9 de Barataria. Para visualizar/descargar la reseña correspondiente diríjase al apartado texto completo (pdf).
ÍNDICE de reseñas
Autor: E. Díaz Cano, pp. 239-242
Texto: Maximiliano FERNÁNDEZ FERNÁNDEZ (Coord.)
Comunicación en la sociedad red: la construcción mediática de la realidad
Ávila: Universidad Católica de Ávila. 2008. 398 pp.

Autor: G. Tardivo, pp. 241-243
Texto: Pilar FERNÁNDEZ MARTÍNEZ y Amalia PEDRERO GONZÁLEZ (Coords.)
La mujer y la sociedad de la información
Madrid: Fragua Editorial. 2007. 247 pp.

Autor: R. Pérez Redondo, pp. 243-245
Texto: Manuel FLORES CABALLERO
La nacionalización de las minas de Río Tinto y la formación de la Compañía Española
Huelva: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Huelva. 2007. 198 pp.

Autor: G. Tardivo, pp. 245-246
Texto: Luis GONZÁLEZ SEARA
De la identidad nacional a la globalización insegura
Discurso de recepción del académico de número y contestación por el Excmo. Sr. D. Marcelino Oreja Aguirre, 29 de Abril de 2008. Madrid: Real Academia de Ciencias Morales y Políticas. 2008. 171 pp.

Autor: E. Díaz Cano, pp. 246-248
Texto: Manuel GUEDÁN MENÉNDEZ y Rafael MARCOS ARANDA (Eds.)
Tendiendo puentes para la convivencia
Centro de Iniciativas de Cooperación al Desarrollo (CICODE), Alcalá de Henares (Madrid): Universidad de Alcalá de Henares. 2007. 374 pp.

Autora: M. I. Morán Morán, 248-250
Texto: José Antonio PÉREZ RUBIO (coord.)
Los intangibles en el desarrollo rural. Estrategias y orientaciones de los jóvenes y la población ante los cambios en las zonas rurales en Extremadura
Cáceres: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Extremadura. 2007. 287 pp.

Autor: E. Díaz Cano, pp. 250-252
Texto: Juan Antonio ROCHE CÁRCEL (Ed.)
Espacios y tiempos inciertos de la cultura
Rubí (Barcelona): Anthropos. 2007. 221 pp.

Autora: M. Aguilar Gil, pp. 252-254
Texto: Carlota SOLÉ et al.
Los vínculos económicos y familiares transnacionales.
Los inmigrantes ecuatorianos y peruanos en España
Bilbao: Fundación BBVA, Ciencias Sociales, Rubes Editorial. 2007. 141 pp.

Autor: P. Parra Contreras, pp. 254-256
Texto: Julia VARELA
Las reformas educativas a debate (1982-2006)
Madrid: Ediciones Morata. 2007. 187 pp.

Autor: M. Quiroga Clérigo, 256-257
Texto: Giambattista VICO
Ciencia nueva
Madrid: Tecnos. 2007. 779 pp.
Primary Hepatic Osteosarcoma: A Rare Cause of Primary Liver Tumor
Authors: Tamang Tsering Gyalpo Lama , Shuster Marina , Chandra Abhinav B. 
Published: April 2016

Introduction Extraosseous osteosarcomas are rare, accounting for approximately 4% of all osteosarcomas. A literature review yields very few cases of osteosarcoma primarily arising from the hepatic parenchyma. Case Report This report describes a case of a man in his 50s with a history of hepatitis C and cirrhosis who presented with 5 days of progressive right upper quadrant pain. Magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen and pelvis demonstrated a 4.4 cm X 4.8 cm X 4.8 cm right hepatic lobe mass with a large area of necrosis and peripheral enhancement. The subsequent liver biopsy showed few cores of tumor composed of fibroblastic malignant cells producing lace-like osteoid matrix. Osteosarcomatous foci in other parts of the body were excluded by performing extensive physical examination, radiologic imaging, and biopsy. Hence, a primary osteosarcoma was diagnosed. The patient underwent portal vein embolization in preparation for a surgical resection of the right liver lobe. He was admitted six weeks after the embolization for dyspnea and abdominal distension and expired due to abdominal hematoma and pulmonary embolism. Conclusion Based on the rarity, lack of consensus in treatment, and dismal prognosis, extraosseous osteosarcoma should be considered a separate entity from osseous osteosarcoma. More data and research are needed in this rare and understudied malignancy.
Coronal electron density distributions estimated from CMEs, DH type II radio bursts, and polarized brightness measurements
Authors: Lee Jae‐Ok , Moon Y.‐J. , Lee Jin‐Yi , Lee Kyoung‐Sun , Kim R.‐S. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe determine coronal electron density distributions (CEDDs) by analyzing decahectometric (DH) type II observations under two assumptions. DH type II bursts are generated by either (1) shocks at the leading edges of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) or (2) CME shock‐streamer interactions. Among 399 Wind/WAVES type II bursts (from 1997 to 2012) associated with SOHO/LASCO (Large Angle Spectroscopic COronagraph) CMEs, we select 11 limb events whose fundamental and second harmonic emission lanes are well identified. We determine the lowest frequencies of fundamental emission lanes and the heights of leading edges of their associated CMEs. We also determine the heights of CME shock‐streamer interaction regions. The CEDDs are estimated by minimizing the root‐mean‐square error between the heights from the CME leading edges (or CME shock‐streamer interaction regions) and DH type II bursts. We also estimate CEDDs of seven events using polarized brightness (pB) measurements. We find the following results. Under the first assumption, the average of estimated CEDDs from 3 to 20 Rs is about 5‐fold Saito's model (NSaito(r)). Under the second assumption, the average of estimated CEDDs from 3 to 10 Rs is 1.5‐fold NSaito(r). While the CEDDs obtained from pB measurements are significantly smaller than those based on the first assumption and CME flank regions without streamers, they are well consistent with those on the second assumption. Our results show that not only about 1‐fold NSaito(r) is a proper CEDD for analyzing DH type II bursts but also CME shock‐streamer interactions could be a plausible origin for generating DH type II bursts.
The relationship between latent heating, vertical velocity, and precipitation processes: The impact of aerosols on precipitation in organized deep convective systems
Authors: Tao Wei‐Kuo , Li Xiaowen 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA high‐resolution, two‐dimensional cloud‐resolving model with spectral‐bin microphysics is used to study the impact of aerosols on precipitation processes in both a tropical oceanic and a midlatitude continental squall line with regard to three processes: latent heating (LH), cold pool dynamics, and ice microphysics. Evaporative cooling in the lower troposphere is found to enhance rainfall in low cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentration scenarios in the developing stages of a midlatitude convective precipitation system. In contrast, the tropical case produced more rainfall under high CCN concentrations. Both cold pools and low‐level convergence are stronger for those configurations having enhanced rainfall. Nevertheless, latent heat release is stronger (especially after initial precipitation) in the scenarios having more rainfall in both the tropical and midlatitude environment. Sensitivity tests are performed to examine the impact of ice and evaporative cooling on the relationship between aerosols, LH, and precipitation processes. The results show that evaporative cooling is important for cold pool strength and rain enhancement in both cases. However, ice microphysics play a larger role in the midlatitude case compared to the tropics. Detailed analysis of the vertical velocity‐governing equation shows that temperature buoyancy can enhance updrafts/downdrafts in the middle/lower troposphere in the convective core region; however, the vertical pressure gradient force (PGF) is of the same order and acts in the opposite direction. Water loading is small but of the same order as the net PGF‐temperature buoyancy forcing. The balance among these terms determines the intensity of convection.
Air parcel trajectory dispersion near the tropical tropopause
Authors: Bergman John W. , Jensen Eric J. , Pfister Leonhard , Bui Thaopaul V. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDispersion of backward air parcel trajectories that are initially tightly grouped near the tropical tropopause is examined using three ensemble approaches: “RANWIND,” in which different ensemble members use identical resolved wind fluctuations but different realizations of stochastic, multifractal simulations of unresolved winds; “PERTLOC,” in which members use identical resolved wind fields but initial locations are perturbed 2° in latitude and longitude; and a multimodel ensemble (“MULTIMODEL”) that uses identical initial conditions but different resolved wind fields and/or trajectory formulations. Comparisons among the approaches distinguish, to some degree, physical dispersion from that due to data uncertainty and the impacts of unresolved wind fluctuations from those of resolved variability. Dispersion rates are robust properties of trajectories near the tropical tropopause. Horizontal dispersion rates are typically ~3°/d, which is large enough to spread parcels throughout the tropics within typical tropical tropopause layer transport times (30–60 days) and underscores the importance of averaging large collections of trajectories to obtain reliable parcel source and pathway distributions. Vertical dispersion rates away from convection are ~2–3 hPa/d. Dispersion is primarily carried out by the resolved flow, and the RANWIND approach provides a plausible representation of actual trajectory dispersion rates, while PERTLOC provides a reasonable and inexpensive alternative to RANWIND. In contrast, dispersion from the MULTIMODEL calculations is important because it reflects systematic differences in resolved wind fields from different reanalysis data sets.
Sprite produced by consecutive impulse charge transfers following a negative stroke: Observation and simulation
Authors: Lu Gaopeng , Cummer Steven A. , Tian Ye , Zhang Hongbo , Lyu Fanchao , Wang Tao , Stanley Mark A. , Yang Jing , Lyons Walter A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractOn the morning of 5 June 2013, two cameras of the SpriteCam network concurrently captured a red sprite with diffuse halo over a mesoscale convective system (MCS) passing the panhandle area of Oklahoma. This sprite was produced by a negative cloud‐to‐ground (CG) stroke with peak current of −103 kA in a manner different from previous observations in several aspects. First of all, the causative stroke of sprite is located by the National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) in the trailing stratiform of MCS, instead of the deep convection typically for negative sprites. Second, the sprite‐producing stroke was likely the first stroke of a multistroke negative CG flash (with ≥6 CG strokes) whose evolution was mainly confined in the lower part of thunderstorm; although the parent flash of sprite might contain relatively long in‐cloud evolution prior to the first stroke, there is no evidence that the negative leader had propagated into the upper positive region of thundercloud as typically observed for the sprite‐producing/class negative CG strokes. Third, as shown by the simulation with a two‐dimensional full‐wave electrodynamic model, although the impulse charge moment change (−190 C km) produced by the main stroke was not sufficient to induce conventional breakdown in the mesosphere, a second impulse charge transfer occurred with ~2 ms delay to cause a substantial charge transfer (−290 C km) so that the overall charge moment change (−480 C km) exceeded the threshold for sprite production; this is a scenario different from the typical case discussed by Li et al. (2012). As for the source of the second current pulse that played a critical role to produce the sprite, it could be an M component whose charge source was at least 9 km horizontally displaced from the main stroke or a negative CG stroke (with weak peak current for the return stroke) that was not detected by the NLDN.
Intensification of aerosol pollution associated with its feedback with surface solar radiation and winds in Beijing
Authors: Yang Xin , Zhao Chuanfeng , Guo Jianping , Wang Yang 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBeijing has been experiencing serious air pollution in recent years, resulting in serious impacts on the local environment and climate and on human health. In addition to individual pollution sources and weather systems, feedback between aerosols and downwelling solar radiation (DSR) and between aerosols and winds also contribute to heavy aerosol pollution. By using atmospheric visibility (VIS) to represent the relative amount of aerosol pollution during a 5 week observation around the Asia‐Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) period (22 October to 25 November 2014) over a site in south Beijing, China, we show clear positive relationships between DSR and VIS and between winds and VIS. The sensitivities of daily DSR and surface winds to VIS are approximately 15.42 W/m2/km and 0.068 m/s/km, respectively. The strengthening contributions to atmospheric visibility by surface DSR‐VIS interactions and between surface wind‐aerosol interactions are estimated at approximately 15% and 12%, respectively, in south Beijing around the APEC period.
Stratigraphy and formation of clays, sulfates, and hydrated silica within a depression in Coprates Catena, Mars
Authors: Weitz Catherine M. , Bishop Janice L. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe investigate the morphology, mineralogy, and stratigraphy of light‐toned layered deposits within a trough of Coprates Catena, centered at −15°N, 300°E. One of the deposits in the eastern portion of the trough contains numerous hydrated minerals, including Al‐phyllosilicates, Fe/Mg‐phyllosilicates, hydrated silica, hydrated sulfates, jarosite and acid alteration products characterized by a spectral doublet between 2.2 and 2.3 µm, and weakly hydrated materials. The Al‐phyllosilicates are observed both stratigraphically above and below the Fe/Mg‐phyllosilicate unit, which is a rare and perhaps unique association on Mars. Most of the western light‐toned layered deposit underlies a terraced fan. This deposit contains hydrated materials, including Al‐phyllosilicates and Fe/Mg‐phyllosilicates. Dip measurements indicate that both the eastern and western deposits dip toward the center of the trough, indicating that they postdate formation of the trough and are consequently Late Hesperian or younger in age. Volcanic ash, most likely erupted during formation of the pit crater in the eastern portion of the trough, seems to best explain our observations for several of the units. Valleys sourced from water along the plateau may have flowed into the trough and altered the sediments, with changing aqueous chemistries over time resulting in the diverse range of mineralogies now observed in the eastern light‐toned deposit. Our results reveal a complex sedimentary and aqueous history within the Coprates Catena trough, indicating that localized habitable conditions were possible relatively late in Martian history at a time when colder, drier conditions likely dominated the majority of the planet.