bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intelligent Solar Grid Integration: Advancements in Control Strategies and Power Quality Enhancement
Authors: Shambhu Choudhary Shiv , Nath Gupta Tripurari , Hussain Ikhlaq 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis study delves into the advancements, challenges, and opportunities in the solar grid technology, emphasizing its integration into the existing power infrastructure. The proposed ML‐FOGI (multilayer fourth‐order generalized integrator) algorithm presents a promising solution for modern grid synchronization requirements, addressing challenges posed by the integration of renewable energy into the distributed generation. This technology enhances system robustness and dynamic response, particularly in weak distribution grids characterized by voltage distortions and imbalances. This innovative approach enhances system stability and performance, particularly in polluted grid conditions. Through MATLAB/Simulink modelling and experimental validation, the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is investigated across diverse testing conditions. Emphasizing the significant role of the control strategy in enhancing power quality and grid stability in the solar photovoltaic systems, this research underscores the importance of robust and adaptive control mechanisms for optimizing performance and ensuring grid reliability in modern microgrid. This study delves into this complex issue of working of the grid connected photovoltaic (GCPV) system, emphasizing the importance of balanced unit templates and a stable DC link voltage with unpredictable grid harmonics. This research aims to enhance the resilience of solar PV systems against grid disturbances by drawing inspiration from the adaptable nature of ADALINE filters and adhering to the IEEE519 requirements. This study employs OPAL‐RT's resilient experimental configuration.
IFIT3 mediates TBK1 phosphorylation to promote activation of pDCs and exacerbate systemic sclerosis in mice
Authors: Huang Xiangyang , Liu Yi , Rong Xia , Zhao Yiheng , Feng Dan , Wang Jun , Xing Wanhong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the impact of the IFIT3/TBK1 signalling pathway in activating plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and its role in the development of SSc.MethodsUtilized single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) and high‐throughput transcriptome RNA sequencing to reveal the differential abundance of pDCs and the role of the key gene IFIT3 in SSc. Conducted in vitro cell experiments to evaluate the effect of IFIT3/TBK1 signalling pathway intervention on pDC activation cytokine release and fibroblast function. Constructed an IFIT3−/− mouse model using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (Cas9) gene editing to assess the potential benefits of intervening in the IFIT3/TBK1 signalling pathway on skin and lung fibrosis in the SSc mouse model.ResultsThe IFIT3/TBK1 signalling pathway plays a crucial role in activating pDCs, with IFIT3 acting as an upstream regulator of TBK1. Intervention in the IFIT3/TBK1 signalling pathway can inhibit pDC activation cytokine release and impact fibroblast function. The IFIT3−/− mouse model shows potential benefits of targeting the IFIT3/TBK1 signalling pathway in reducing skin and lung fibrosis in the SSc mouse model.ConclusionThis study provides new insights into potential therapeutic targets for SSc, highlighting the critical role of the IFIT3/TBK1 signalling pathway in SSc development.Highlights
This study elucidates the pivotal role of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in systemic sclerosis (SSc).
This study identified the key regulatory gene involved in systemic sclerosis (SSc) as IFIT3.
This study has found that IFIT3 functions as an upstream regulatory factor, activating TBK1.
This study provides Evidence of the regulatory effects of the IFIT3/TBK1 pathway on plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs).
This study validated the therapeutic potential using the IFIT3−/− mouse model.
Energy evaluation for a dynamic and reconfigurable TWDM‐PON on a novel network traffic adaptable pattern
Authors: Mbelu Okechukwu Ernest , Toycan Mehmet , Bashiry Vali , Köse Ali 
Published: September 2024

SummaryEven with existing methodologies, dynamic resource allocation, service inconsistency, operational costs, and excess energy/power consumption in optical access networks remain the key challenges for the next‐generation passive optical network (NG‐PON) design and development. This paper introduces a novel method for analyzing energy/power consumption in time and wavelength division multiplexed (TWDM) passive optical networks (PONs) with a ring‐based topology. We propose subscriber‐based channel allocation models (CAMs) for on‐demand services, allocate bandwidth dynamically, and evaluate their downstream power consumption. To determine the necessary optical devices for the various CAMs, we investigate subscriber take‐up rates by optimizing the utilization of optical components based on active subscribers. Implementing a novel Poisson distribution‐based network traffic model addresses energy‐related concerns and explores optimization techniques to minimize power and improve energy efficiency. With a take‐up rate of 64 active subscribers, simulation results show significant power consumption reductions ranging from 62.2 to 67.7%, achieved by the proposed subscriber‐based architecture models with varying subscriber counts, when compared with the conventional model. The model with the most subscribers (2048 subscribers) saves the most energy by reducing power consumption to 292 W from the conventional model's (2048 subscribers) 440 W. Furthermore, the model with the most subscribers saves 33.4% of energy, outperforming other subscriber‐based architecture models without affecting QoS even during peak hours of the day. These numerical results show that TWDM‐PONs with the most subscribers exhibit improved energy efficiency than the conventional and other proposed subscriber‐based architecture models.
A Guide to Environmental DNA Extractions for Non‐Molecular Trained Biologists, Ecologists, and Conservation Scientists
Authors: Rieder Jessica , Jemmi Eliane , Hunter Margaret E. , Adrian‐Kalchhauser Irene 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTEcologists, biologists, and conservation scientists are increasingly interested in the use of environmental DNA (eDNA) data for research and potentially decision‐making. While commercial DNA extraction kits are typically user‐friendly and accessible, they may fail to deliver the desired results with inherently complex eDNA samples, necessitating protocol optimization or educated selection of alternative approaches. To this end, knowledge of the basic steps and principles of DNA extractions is essential, but traditional education tracks in ecology, conservation, and environmental management typically do not include in‐depth training in molecular methods. The primary objective of this paper is to enable scientists with an ecological background and limited molecular training to understand the four key steps of eDNA isolations, and to use this expertise to their advantage. We describe the purpose of commonly used reagents and chemicals, point out alternatives for each key step, explain the impact of certain choices regarding isolation approaches on DNA integrity and purity, and highlight the possibility of a tailor‐made “mix and match” approach. We anticipate that this paper will enable field ecologists to develop a deeper understanding of the mechanisms and chemistry underlying eDNA extractions, thus allowing them to make informed decisions regarding the best eDNA extraction method for their research goals. Our intention is not to provide comprehensive, step‐by‐step protocols, but to offer guiding principles while highlighting alternative solutions. Finally, we hope that this paper will act as a useful resource to support knowledge transfer and teaching.
Synthesis of Hemiindigo Derivatives via a Gold‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclization Strategy
Authors: Dong Yi‐Fan , Wang Si‐Ru , Chai Hao‐Bo , Xu Zhi‐Qiang , He Zeng‐Yang , Wang Zhen‐Yu , Li You‐Gui , Wu Xiang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe described a gold‐catalyzed synthesis of Z‐hemiindigo frameworks from ortho‐propynol phenyl azides via the β‐hydroxy‐α‐imino gold carbene intermediates. The intermediates are trapped by water or acetone and then subsequently undergo enol tautomerization and dehydration, or release of acetone. The reaction has the advantage of being able to be carried out under mild conditions and in a gram‐scale. Importantly, this method enables a simple and efficient synthesis of the special hemiindigo derivatives for the development of environmentally sensitive photoswitches in biological systems.
Direct determination of chronic myeloid leukemia prevalence in Lombardy—Italy: Global implications
Authors: Polverelli N. , Anghilieri M. , Elena C. , Intermesoli T. , Pungolino E. , D’Adda M. , Iurlo A. , Maffioli M. , Lunghi F. , Bertolli V. , Orofino N. , Sissa C. , Fiamenghi C. , Gardellini A. , Ubezio M. , Carraro M. C. , Corradini P. , Giglio F. , Pasquini M. C. , Palazzolo R. , Calori R. , Ercolanoni M. , Gambacorti‐Passerini C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLombardy represents the largest region of Italy by population, with almost 10 million residents, a dimension similar to a medium size country like Sweden or Belgium. The CML subcommittee of the Lombardy Hematology Network (REL‐CML) conducted a study at the beginning of 2023. Prevalence was calculated by direct input from the 21 centers participating in REL‐CML. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI) prescription records collected from the ARIA regional registry were used to estimate the number of CML patients followed in smaller centers not participating in REL‐CML. A total of 2285 patients were registered, representing a prevalence of 0.23 ‰. These data were compared to a similar census conducted in 2005, at the beginning of the TKI era, where a prevalence of 0.029‰ was calculated. This indicates that an almost 10 times increase took place during this period of time. Imatinib represents the most frequently prescribed first‐line TKI; its use in 2022 still represented 75% of total first line prescriptions. An increased concentration of the care of CML patients in specialized REL centers with a decreased dispersion of patients in small centers was also evident over this 18 year period of time. Nineteen % of patients discontinued treatment, highlighting persisting logistical and biological challenges; one some recommendations on CML management are included to this aim.
CasUNeXt: A Cascaded Transformer With Intra‐ and Inter‐Scale Information for Medical Image Segmentation
Authors: Sun Junding , Zheng Xiaopeng , Wu Xiaosheng , Tang Chaosheng , Wang Shuihua , Zhang Yudong 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTDue to the Transformer's ability to capture long‐range dependencies through Self‐Attention, it has shown immense potential in medical image segmentation. However, it lacks the capability to model local relationships between pixels. Therefore, many previous approaches embedded the Transformer into the CNN encoder. However, current methods often fall short in modeling the relationships between multi‐scale features, specifically the spatial correspondence between features at different scales. This limitation can result in the ineffective capture of scale differences for each object and the loss of features for small targets. Furthermore, due to the high complexity of the Transformer, it is challenging to integrate local and global information within the same scale effectively. To address these limitations, we propose a novel backbone network called CasUNeXt, which features three appealing design elements: (1) We use the idea of cascade to redesign the way CNN and Transformer are combined to enhance modeling the unique interrelationships between multi‐scale information. (2) We design a Cascaded Scale‐wise Transformer Module capable of cross‐scale interactions. It not only strengthens feature extraction within a single scale but also models interactions between different scales. (3) We overhaul the multi‐head Channel Attention mechanism to enable it to model context information in feature maps from multiple perspectives within the channel dimension. These design features collectively enable CasUNeXt to better integrate local and global information and capture relationships between multi‐scale features, thereby improving the performance of medical image segmentation. Through experimental comparisons on various benchmark datasets, our CasUNeXt method exhibits outstanding performance in medical image segmentation tasks, surpassing the current state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Probing the effects of polysaccharide hydrogel composition on the viability and pro‐angiogenic function of human adipose‐derived stromal cells
Authors: Serack Fiona E. , Fennell Kaylee A. , Iliopoulos Christina , Walker John T. , Ronald John A. , Amsden Brian G. , Hess David A. , Flynn Lauren E. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCell therapies harnessing the pro‐vascular regenerative capacities of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) populations, including human adipose‐derived stromal cells (hASCs), have generated considerable interest as an emerging treatment strategy for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and its progression to critical limb ischemia (CLI). There is evidence to support that polysaccharide hydrogels can enhance therapeutic efficacy when applied as minimally‐invasive delivery systems to support MSC survival and retention within ischemic tissues. However, there has been limited research to date on the effects of hydrogel composition on the phenotype and function of encapsulated cell populations. Recognizing this knowledge gap, this study compared the pro‐angiogenic function of hASCs encapsulated in distinct but similarly‐modified natural polysaccharide hydrogels composed of methacrylated glycol chitosan (MGC) and methacrylated hyaluronic acid (MHA). Initial in vitro studies confirmed high viability (>85%) of the hASCs following encapsulation and culture in the MGC and MHA hydrogels over 14 days, with a decrease in the cell density observed over time. Moreover, higher levels of a variety of secreted pro‐angiogenic and immunomodulatory factors were detected in conditioned media samples collected from the hASCs encapsulated in the MGC‐based hydrogels compared to the MHA hydrogels. Subsequent testing focused on comparing hASC delivery within the MGC and MHA hydrogels to saline controls in a femoral artery ligation‐induced CLI (FAL‐CLI) model in athymic nu/nu mice over 28 days. For the in vivo studies, the hASCs were engineered to express tdTomato and firefly luciferase to quantitatively compare the efficacy of the two platforms in supporting the localized retention of viable hASCs through longitudinal cell tracking with bioluminescence imaging (BLI). Interestingly, hASC retention was significantly enhanced when the cells were delivered in the MHA hydrogels as compared to the MGC hydrogels or saline. However, laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI) indicated that the restoration of hindlimb perfusion was similar between the treatment groups and controls. These findings were corroborated by endpoint immunofluorescence (IF) staining showing similar levels of CD31+ cells in the ligated limbs at 28 days in all groups. Overall, this study demonstrates that enhanced MSC retention may be insufficient to augment vascular regeneration, emphasizing the complexity of designing biomaterials platforms for MSC delivery for therapeutic angiogenesis. In addition, the data points to a potential challenge in approaches that seek to harness the paracrine functionality of MSCs, as strategies that increase the secretion of immunomodulatory factors that can aid in regeneration may also lead to more rapid MSC clearance in vivo.
The use of virtual reality and augmented reality in ultrasound education, a narrative review of the literature
Authors: Saliba Thomas , Pather Sanjiva 
Published: September 2024

AbstractImmersive virtual reality (IVR) and augmented reality (AR) are emerging technologies with significant potential in ultrasound education. IVR, utilizing head‐mounted devices (HMDs), and AR, enhancing real‐world views with digital overlays, have demonstrated their value in various educational and training scenarios. This narrative review examines the use of IVR and AR in ultrasound education, evaluating their effectiveness compared to traditional methods. Studies show that IVR and AR can match or surpass conventional training, offering benefits like standardized assessments and reduced costs. Despite some limitations, such as small sample sizes and potential conflicts of interest, the current data supports the viability of IVR and AR as tools for ultrasound education. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore broader applications.
Jaw relation recording and transferring: Using digital technology to augment its instruction in predoctoral prosthodontics
Authors: Zhang Yan‐yan , Yu Mei‐qi , He Yong‐hao , Liu Fei , Shen Jie‐fei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe study compared the learning effectiveness and teaching satisfaction of dental students from three teaching methods (traditional, digital, and combined pedagogy) for instructing jaw relation recording and transferring (JRRT).MethodsNote that, 276 fourth‐year undergraduate students from three classes were randomly divided into three groups to study JRRT in complete dentures using different teaching methods: traditional pedagogy group, digital pedagogy group, and combined digital and traditional pedagogy group. After the course, the learning effectiveness of basic knowledge and satisfaction questionnaire was administered to the three groups of participants using a quick response code for online answering. The questionnaire was customized by the teacher based on the content delivered to each group.ResultsThe data were analyzed using the Chi‐square test with Fisher's exact test. Both the digital and combined pedagogy groups showed a significant increase in basic knowledge test scores and higher satisfaction, compared to the traditional pedagogy group (p < 0.01). Particularly, the participants from combined pedagogy showed better teaching satisfaction than the digital pedagogy group (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe use of digital technology in JRRT significantly enhanced students' learning effectiveness and teaching satisfaction.Clinical significanceThis educational innovation emphasizes digital technology to visualize vital concepts and operational intricacies related to JRRT. The findings have major implications for improving teaching methods in the field of prosthodontic dentistry.
Comparison of Helicobacter pylori in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients with and without gastrointestinal symptoms
Authors: Saeedi Amin , Bagheri Afshin Mohammad , Raesi Rasoul , Hushmandi Kiavash , Daneshi Salman , Domari Asma Amiri , Gholamzadeh Mohammadhossein , Kargar Shiva 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and AimHelicobacter pylori plays an important role in causing digestive diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate Helicobacter pylori in COVID‐19 patients with and without gastrointestinal symptoms.MethodsIn this case–control study, all patients with COVID‐19 admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Jiroft city in 2021 were convenience sampled and divided into two homogeneous groups. Ninety‐five patients with COVID‐19, who presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, were included in the case group, while 95 patients with COVID‐19 without gastrointestinal symptoms were included in the control group. Noninvasive diagnostic methods, including serology and stool antigen tests, were used to identify Helicobacter pylori in the studied patients.ResultsFifty‐three people (55.8%) from the case group had Helicobacter pylori, and 48 (50.5%) from the control group had Helicobacter pylori. Among the 53 people from the case group, 27 (50.9%) were men and 26 (49.1%) were women. Nineteen people (35.8%) were taking pantoprazole, 10 people (18.8%) were taking nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, 20 people (37.7%) were taking narcotics, and 7 people (13.2%) had peptic ulcer. Seven people (13.2%) had an H2 blocker, and 21 people had an underlying disease. A significant relationship between infection with Helicobacter pylori and the use of pantoprazole, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, narcotics, peptic ulcer, underlying disease, and H2 blocker in COVID‐19 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms and without gastrointestinal symptoms was present (P‐value < 0.05).ConclusionThe prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with COVID‐19, who have gastrointestinal symptoms, is high and should be considered as a treatment criterion for people infected with COVID‐19.
Abnormal Structural–Functional Coupling and MRI Alterations of Brain Network Topology in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Authors: Qu Junyu , Zhu Rui , Wu Yongsheng , Xu Guihua , Wang Dawei 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundProgressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) can cause structural and functional brain reconstruction. There is a lack of knowledge about the consistency between structural–functional (S–F) connection networks in PSP, despite growing evidence of anomalies in various single brain network parameters.PurposeTo study the changes in the structural and functional networks of PSP, network's topological properties including degree, and the consistency of S–F coupling. The relationship with clinical scales was examined including the assessment of PSP severity, and so on.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsA total of 51 PSP patients (70.04 ± 7.46, 25 females) and 101 healthy controls (64.58 ± 8.84, 58 females).Field Strength/Sequence3‐T, resting‐state functional MRI, diffusion tensor imaging, and T1‐weighted images.AssessmentA graph‐theoretic approach was used to evaluate structural and functional network topology metrics. We used the S–F coupling changes to explore the consistency of structural and functional networks.Statistical TestsIndependent samples t tests were employed for continuous variables, χ2 tests were used for categorical variables. For network analysis, two‐sample t tests was used and implied an false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlations. A P‐value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsPSP showed variations within and between modules. Specifically, PSP had decreased network properties changes (t = −2.0136; t = 2.5409; t = −2.5338; t = −2.4296; t = −2.5338; t = 2.8079). PSP showed a lower coupling in the thalamus and left putamen and a higher coupling in the visual, somatomotor, dorsal attention, and ventral attention network. S–F coupling was related to the number of network connections (r = 0.32, r = 0.22) and information transmission efficiency (r = 0.55, r = 0.28). S–F coupling was related to basic academic ability (r = 0.39) and disinhibition (r = 0.49).Data ConclusionPSP may show abnormal S–F coupling and intramodular and intermodular connectome in the structural and functional networks.Level of Evidence3Technical EfficacyStage 3