bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leveraging mitochondrial-programmed cell death dynamics to enhance prognostic accuracy and immunotherapy efficacy in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Lianmin , Cui Yanan , Zhou Guangyao , Zhang Zhenfa , Zhang Pengpeng 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a highly heterogeneous disease, posing significant challenges to accurate prognosis prediction. Mitochondria play a central role in the energy metabolism of eukaryotic cells and can influence programmed cell death (PCD) mechanisms, which are critical in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, the prognostic significance of the interplay between mitochondrial function and PCD in LUAD requires further investigation.MethodsWe analyzed data from 1231 LUAD patients across seven global cohorts to develop a mitochondrial-related PCD signature (MPCDS) using machine learning. Validation was done using six immunotherapy cohorts (LUAD, melanoma, clear cell renal cell carcinoma; n=935) and a pan-cancer cohort of 21 tumor types. An in-house LUAD tissue cohort (n=100) confirmed the prognostic significance of nucleoside diphosphate kinase 4 (NME4). In vivo and in vitro experiments explored NME4’s role in immune exclusion.ResultsThe MPCDS demonstrated strong predictive performance for prognosis in LUAD patients, surpassing 114 previously published LUAD signatures. Additionally, MPCDS effectively predicted outcomes in immunotherapy patients (including those with LUAD, melanoma, and clear cell renal cell carcinoma). Biologically, MPCDS was significantly associated with immune features, with the high MPCDS group exhibiting reduced immune activity and a tendency towards cold tumors. NME4, a key gene within the MPCDS (correlation=0.55, p<0.05), was associated with poorer prognosis in LUAD patients with high expression, particularly in CD8 desert phenotypes, as validated by our in-house cohort. Multiplex immunofluorescence confirmed the spatial colocalization and exclusion relationship between NME4 and immune cells such as CD3+ T cells and CD20+ B cells. Further experiments revealed that NME4 regulated the proliferation and invasion of LUAD cells both in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, inhibiting NME4 increased the abundance and activity of CD8+ T cells and enhanced the antitumor immunity of anti-programmed cell death protein-1 therapy in vivo.ConclusionThe MPCDS provides personalized risk assessment and immunotherapy interventions for individual LUAD patients. NME4, a key gene within the MPCDS, has been identified as a novel oncogene associated with immune exclusion and may serve as a new target for LUAD intervention and immunotherapy.
Stenting for symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis with different qualifying arteries: a preplanned pooled individual patient data analysis
Authors: Li Tianhua , Luo Jichang , Bai Xuesong , Almallouhi Eyad , Gao Peng , Liu Delin , Xu Ran , Xu Wenlong , Lu Guangdong , Gong Haozhi , Zhang Xiao , Lu Taoyuan , Wang Jie , Yang Renjie , Xing Zixuan , Liu Guangjie , Dai Yufu , Derdeyn Colin P , Jiao Liqun , Wang Tao 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe efficacy of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting (PTAS) relative to medical management in treating symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS) varies based on the qualifying artery. This study aims to evaluate PTAS compared with medical therapy alone in cases of ICAS involving the internal carotid artery (ICA), middle cerebral artery (MCA), vertebral artery (VA) and basilar artery (BA).MethodsThis study involves a thorough pooled analysis of individual patient data from two randomised controlled trials, evaluating the efficacy of PTAS in comparison to medical management for symptomatic ICAS with different qualifying arteries. The primary outcome was stroke or death within 30 days postenrolment, or stroke in the region of the qualifying artery beyond 30 days through 1 year. A methodology based on intention-to-treat was employed, and HR accompanied by 95% CIs were used to convey risk estimates.ResultsThe data of 809 individuals were collected from Stenting vs Aggressive Medical Management for Preventing Recurrent Stroke in Intracranial Stenosis trial and China Angioplasty and Stenting for Symptomatic Intracranial Severe Stenosis trial. Four hundred were designated for PTAS, while 409 were assigned to medical therapy alone. For the primary outcome, patients with symptomatic BA stenosis had a significantly higher risk of receiving PTAS compared with medical therapy (17.17% vs 7.77%; 9.40; HR, 2.38 (1.03 to 5.52); p=0.04). However, PTAS had no significant difference in patients with symptomatic ICA (26.67% vs 16.67%; HR, 1.68 (0.78 to 3.62); p=0.19), MCA (8.28% vs 9.79%; HR, 0.85 (0.42 to 1.74); p=0.66) and VA stenosis (9.52% vs 10.71%; HR, 0.91 (0.32 to 2.62); p=0.86) compared with medical therapy.ConclusionsPTAS significantly increases the risk of both short-term and long-term stroke in patients with symptomatic BA stenosis. Without significant technological advancements to mitigate these risks, PTAS offers limited benefits. For symptomatic ICA, MCA and VA stenosis, PTAS provided no significant advantage.
Study of the axial-vector and tensor resonant contributions to the $$D \rightarrow VP\ell ^+\nu _\ell $$ decays based on SU(3) flavor analysis
Authors: Qiao Yi , Liu Yue-Xin , Xu Yuan-Guo , Wang Ru-Min 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSemileptonic three-body $$D \rightarrow M\ell ^+\nu _\ell $$

D
→
M

ℓ
+

ν
ℓ

decays, non-leptonic $$M \rightarrow VP$$

M
→
V
P

decays, and semileptonic four-body $$D \rightarrow M(M \rightarrow VP)\ell ^+\nu _\ell $$

D
→
M

(
M
→
V
P
)

ℓ
+

ν
ℓ

decays are analyzed using the SU(3) flavor symmetry/breaking approach, where $$\ell =e/\mu $$

ℓ
=
e
/
μ

, $$M=A/T$$

M
=
A
/
T

, and A/T/V/P denote the axial-vector/tensor/vector/pseudoscalar mesons, respectively. In terms of SU(3) flavor symmetry/breaking, the decay amplitudes of the $$D \rightarrow M \ell ^+ \nu _\ell $$

D
→
M

ℓ
+

ν
ℓ

decays and the vertex coefficients of the $$M \rightarrow VP$$

M
→
V
P

decays are related. The relevant non-perturbative parameters of the $$D \rightarrow A\ell ^+\nu _\ell $$

D
→
A

ℓ
+

ν
ℓ

, $$A \rightarrow VP$$

A
→
V
P

, and $$T \rightarrow VP$$

T
→
V
P

decays are constrained by the present experimental data, and the non-perturbative parameters of $$D \rightarrow T\ell ^+\nu _\ell $$

D
→
T

ℓ
+

ν
ℓ

decays are taken from the results in the light-front quark model since no experimental data are available at present. The branching ratios of the $$D \rightarrow M \ell ^+ \nu _\ell $$

D
→
M

ℓ
+

ν
ℓ

, $$M \rightarrow VP$$

M
→
V
P

, and $$D\rightarrow M(M\rightarrow VP)\ell ^+\nu _\ell $$

D
→
M

(
M
→
V
P
)

ℓ
+

ν
ℓ

decays are then predicted. We find that some processes receive both tensor and axial-vector resonant contributions, while other processes receive only axial-vector resonant contributions. In cases where both kinds of resonant contributions exist, the axial-vector contributions are dominant. Some branching ratios with axial-vector resonance states are large, and they may be measured experimentally in the near future. In addition, the sensitivities of the branching ratios of $$D \rightarrow A \ell ^+ \nu _\ell $$

D
→
A

ℓ
+

ν
ℓ

and $$A \rightarrow VP$$

A
→
V
P

decays to the parameters are also investigated, and some decay branching ratios are found to be sensitive to the non-perturbative parameters.
Current Epidemiological Status of Chikungunya Virus Infection in East Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Ali Mude Abdirasak Sharif , Nageye Yahye Ahmed , Bello Kizito Eneye 
Published: October 2024

Background: The incidence of Chikungunya in tropical Africa is still of major epidemiological significance. This study aims to determine the prevalence of chikungunya in East Africa through a systematic review and meta‐analysis of published studies.Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search across six electronic databases—Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar—using specific keywords to address the worldwide impact of chikungunya following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A meta‐analysis was performed on our eligible studies using the random effect model.Results: Our search returned 40 eligible articles involving 4122 Chikungunya cases in 13 East African nations. These studies, conducted between 2014 and 2024 across 13 East African nations, provided diverse data on chikungunya prevalence. The overall pooled prevalence of chikungunya in East Africa was 20.6% (95% CI: 18.8%–22.5% and I2 = 99.62%). Subgroup analyses revealed variations in prevalence across different countries, study designs, detection methods, and publication years. Notably, Rwanda and Djibouti exhibited high prevalence rates of 63.0% and 50.4%, respectively, while Kenya and Somalia reported a moderate prevalence of 12.2%. The detection methods also influenced prevalence rates, with RT‐PCR studies indicating a higher prevalence (28.3%) compared to ELISA (19.3%).Conclusion: The study highlights the significant burden of chikungunya in East Africa, and the findings underscore the need for targeted public health interventions and improved surveillance to manage and control chikungunya outbreaks in the region.
Treatment of Unruptured Small and Medium‐Sized Wide Necked Aneurysms Using the 64‐Wire Surpass Evolve: A Subanalysis From the SEASE International Registry
Authors: Dibas Mahmoud , Vivanco‐Suarez Juan , Lopes Demetrius K. , Hanel Ricardo A. , Rodriguez‐Calienes Aaron , Cortez Gustavo M. , Fifi Johanna T. , Devarajan Alex , Toth Gabor , Patterson Thomas E. , Altschul David , Pereira Vitor M. , Liu Xiao Y. E. , Puri Ajit S. , Kühn Anna L. , Guerrero Waldo R. , Khandelwal Priyank , Bach Ivo , Kan Peter T. , Edhayan Gautam , Martinez‐Galdamez Mario , Given Curtis , Gross Bradley A. , Narayanan Sandra , Galecio‐Castillo Milagros , Derakhshani Shahram , Ortega‐Gutierrez Santiago 
Published: October 2024

Background
Flow diversion has revolutionized the management of wide‐necked intracranial aneurysms (IAs). We aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of the new generation 64‐wire Surpass Evolve for the treatment of unruptured small/medium‐sized IAs.

Methods and Results

This is a subanalysis from the SEASE (Safety and Effectiveness Assessment of the Surpass Evolve) registry, an observational cohort study including 15 academic institutions in North America and Europe between July 2020 and October 2022. Patients with wide‐necked saccular IAs, measuring <12 mm along the internal carotid artery and vertebrobasilar system, and treated with the Surpass Evolve were included. Primary effectiveness was complete occlusion (Raymond‐Roy class 1) at follow‐up (core laboratory adjudicated), and primary safety was major stroke (ischemic/hemorrhagic) in the territory supplied by the target artery or death. A total of 129 cases with 135 IAs were included (median age 59 years, 85.3% women). Median maximum IAs size and neck size were 5.1 and 3.9 mm, respectively. Most IAs were in the internal carotid artery C6 (65.9%, 89/135) and C7 (14.1%, 19/135) segments. At a median follow‐up time of 10.2 months (interquartile range, 6.4–12.8), complete occlusion was 77.1% (101/131), ≥50% in‐stent stenosis was 8.8% (11/125), and retreatment was 0.8% (1/125). Major stroke and mortality were reported in 2 (1.6%) patients and 1 (0.8%) patient, respectively. Size was the only factor associated with higher odds of incomplete occlusion (adjusted odds ratio, 1.2 [95% CI, 1.02–1.5];
P
=0.03).

Conclusions
Patients with small/medium‐sized IAs can be effectively treated using the Surpass Evolve, a new generation, 64‐wire, cobalt‐chromium flow diverter.
Automated Extraction of Stroke Severity From Unstructured Electronic Health Records Using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Fernandes Marta , Westover M. Brandon , Singhal Aneesh B. , Zafar Sahar F. 
Published: October 2024

Background
Multicenter electronic health records can support quality improvement and comparative effectiveness research in stroke. However, limitations of electronic health record–based research include challenges in abstracting key clinical variables, including stroke severity, along with missing data. We developed a natural language processing model that reads electronic health record notes to directly extract the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score when documented and predict the score from clinical documentation when missing.

Methods and Results
The study included notes from patients with acute stroke (aged ≥18 years) admitted to Massachusetts General Hospital (2015–2022). The Massachusetts General Hospital data were divided into training/holdout test (70%/30%) sets. We developed a 2‐stage model to predict the admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, obtained from the GWTG (Get With The Guidelines) stroke registry. We trained a model with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. For test notes with documented National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, scores were extracted using regular expressions (stage 1); when not documented, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator was used for prediction (stage 2). The 2‐stage model was tested on the holdout test set and validated in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (2001–2012) version 1.4, using root mean squared error and Spearman correlation. We included 4163 patients (Massachusetts General Hospital, 3876; Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care, 287); average age, 69 (SD, 15) years; 53% men, and 72% White individuals. The model achieved a root mean squared error of 2.89 (95% CI, 2.62–3.19) and Spearman correlation of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.91–0.93) in the Massachusetts General Hospital test set, and 2.20 (95% CI, 1.69–2.66) and 0.96 (95% CI, 0.94–0.97) in the MIMIC validation set, respectively.

Conclusions
The automatic natural language processing–based model can enable large‐scale stroke severity phenotyping from the electronic health record and support real‐world quality improvement and comparative effectiveness studies in stroke.
Global, Regional, and National Burden of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Young Adults From 1990 to 2021: A Population‐Based Study
Authors: Wang Haomiao , Lin Jinxin , Wang Long , Zhang Xuyang , Zhou Tengyuan , Zhang Chao , Zhang Shuixian , Hu Rong 
Published: October 2024

Background
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in young adults demands greater attention, given its poor prognosis; however, there has been a paucity of epidemiological data. The objective of this study is to estimate the temporal trends and distribution characteristics of the disease burden in 204 countries or territories between 1990 and 2021.

Methods and Results
The data, including incidence, mortality, prevalence, and disability‐adjusted life year (DALY) rates were sourced from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2021. From 1990 to 2021, there was a significant decline in the global incidence (estimated annual percentage change=−1.05), mortality (estimated annual percentage change=−0.92), and DALY (estimated annual percentage change=−1.00) rates of ICH in young adults. In 2021, the highest incidence, mortality, and DALY rates were observed in Southeast Asia, East Asia, and Oceania. Globally, high systolic blood pressure, smoking, and ambient particulate matter pollution were identified as the primary contributors to the largest proportion of DALYs associated with ICH in young adults. The health inequality of ICH in young adults has been reduced over the past 3 decades.

Conclusions
There is a considerable degree of heterogeneity in the global burden of ICH in young adults. A decline in the incidence, mortality, prevalence, and DALY rates has been observed from 1990 to 2021, however, the number of absolute cases has increased. These results will enable health care professionals, policymakers, and researchers to refine the implementation of cost‐effective policies, the allocation of health care resources, and the management of patients to further mitigate the burden of ICH in young adults.
Conceptualizing the Turkish Revolution in the Longue Durée
Authors: Gürcan Efe Can , Yurtçiçek Serdar , Özyiğit Suat Eren , Demircan Necati 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Through a combination of the methods of theoretical review and historical-narrative analysis, this study seeks to unveil the main catalysts of the Turkish Revolution by addressing its structural and subjective dynamics in tandem. The literature lacks a theoretically-guided and systematic study of the Turkish Revolution, which marked its centenary in 2023—a significant gap that this paper seeks to fill. The article also contributes to the broader field of revolution studies by presenting an integrated framework that transcends the current fragmented state of prevailing theories. Based on a critical synthesis of revolution theories, the first part of our empirical analysis focuses on the structural dynamics underpinning the Turkish Revolution, with special emphasis on two chief factors: administrative and socio-economic breakdown. Demonstrating that the mere existence of class-structural strains and mass grievances does not automatically trigger revolutionary action, the second part reveals how the Revolution unfolded through a convergence of mediating factors associated with collective agency, namely leadership and ideational dynamics.
Electricity Price Bubbles and Global Crisis: Does Financial Development Make a Difference?
Authors: Doran Nicoleta Mihaela , Manta Alina Georgiana , Bădîrcea Roxana Maria , Berceanu Dorel , Băndoi Anca , Badareu Gabriela 
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate the existence of electricity price bubbles and identify the factors that contribute to their formation by conducting a comparative analysis between a developed country, Germany, and an emerging country, Romania. We employ the generalized sup ADF test, utilizing bi-annual data spanning from 2007 to 2022. Our findings reveal the presence of 2 distinct electricity price bubbles in both Germany and Romania. In Germany, the first bubble emerged in the second half of 2008, coinciding with the onset of the global economic crisis. Conversely, Romania did not experience a bubble as a result of the economic crisis during this period. The second electricity price bubble in both countries was primarily driven by Russia’s decision to halt gas supplies to Europe. Additionally, the surge in energy consumption following the economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic played a significant role. This research contributes to the broader discourse on energy economics by elucidating the mechanisms behind electricity price fluctuations in different economic contexts. The comparative approach underscores the importance of tailored policy responses that consider country-specific factors while addressing global challenges. As energy markets continue to evolve, such studies will be instrumental in guiding strategic decisions and fostering sustainable economic growth. JEL Classification: Q41, E31
Dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MRI with USPIO in evaluating angiogenesis of the peri-infarction zones in subacute ischemic stroke in a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model
Authors: Li Yuanchao , Lu Fang , Zhang Cheng , Xu Huihui , Yang Shuohui 
Published: October 2024

Background Dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DSC-MRI) can reflect the angiogenesis of ischemic stroke. Purpose To investigate the value of DSC-MRI with ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxides (USPIO) in evaluating angiogenesis in the peri-infarction zones in subacute ischemic stroke in a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) rat model. Material and Methods A total of 21 Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into the pMCAO and sham operation groups. Every rat in each group underwent DSC-MRI with USPIO at 3, 5, and 7 days. DSC-MRI parameters of the relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF), relative mean transit time (rMTT), and relative time to peak (rTTP) were measured, calculated, and compared among the different times. Sequential correlations were analyzed among the histopathological indexes with the microvascular density (MVD) and percentage of vascular area (%VA), the serum factors with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and perfusion parameters, respectively. Results The rCBV and rCBF in the peri-infarction area of pMCAO rats were significantly higher on day 7 than on day 3, whereas no significant changes in rMTT and rTTP were observed at 3, 5, and 7 days. Significantly positive correlations were found between rCBV and MVD, %VA, VEGF, VCAM-1, between rCBF and MVD, %VA, VEGF, and VCAM-1 at 3, 5, and 7 days in the pMCAO group. Conclusion The rCBV and rCBF deriving from USPIO-DSC may be potentially useful for evaluating the angiogenesis of the peri-infarction zones in the subacute phase of ischemic stroke.
Fat necrosis after accelerated partial breast irradiation or hypofractionated whole breast irradiation: A case-control study
Authors: Colciago Riccardo Ray , La Rocca Eliana , Giandini Carlotta , Carnevale Maria Grazia , Bianchi Giulia Valeria , Maugeri Ilaria , Depretto Catherine , Meroni Silvia , Cavallo Anna , Pignoli Emanuele , Lozza Laura , Rancati Tiziana , De Santis Maria Carmen 
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the incidence of fat necrosis after accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) vs hypofractionated whole breast irradiation (WBI) in patients with early-stage breast cancer. Materials and methods: Data from early-stage breast cancer patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy between 2009 and 2022 were retrospectively collected. Radiation therapy consisted of APBI of 30 Gy in 5 daily fractions (Fx) (delivered in one week, consecutively) to the tumour bed or WBI (42.4 Gy in 16 Fx). Reports on fat necrosis were extracted from yearly mammograms and breast ultrasound imaging. The primary endpoint was the incidence of radiologically detected fat necrosis. Results: A total of 536 patients were included among the APBI and WBI cohorts, with 268 and 268 patients respectively. The three-year Kaplan-Meier actuarial rate of fat necrosis was 32.8% (95% CI: 30.0% – 35.6%) for APBI and 22.3% (95% CI: 19.7% – 24.9%) for WBI patients. Univariate Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a Hazard Ratio of 1.6 [95% CI: 1.1 – 2.2; p = 0.0055] for the fat necrosis rate within the APBI group compared to WBI. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression confirmed significant associations between fat necrosis and APBI (HR = 2.2 95% CI: 1.2 – 4.0; p = 0.01). Conclusions: The occurrence of radiologically diagnosed fat necrosis was higher in the APBI group compared to the WBI. Further investigations aiming to identify a lower-dose schedule with comparable efficacy to 30 Gy in 5 Fx but fewer toxicities, particularly for high-risk patients, are warranted.