bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Researching Juror Judgment and Decision Making in Cases of Alleged Auditor Negligence: A Toolkit for New Scholars
Authors: Grenier Jonathan H. , Reffett Andrew , Simon Chad A. , Warne Rick C. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT
This paper provides methodological guidance to individuals interested in audit-related, juror judgment and decision-making (JDM) research. Specifically, we discuss key issues surrounding experimental design including participant selection, case selection and design, and identifying important independent, process, and dependent variables—discussions often omitted from published research in this area. We also address several issues encountered during the review process and through discussions with or presentations by other scholars. Overall, this paper is aimed at (1) increasing scholars', particularly newer scholars', awareness of the different design options that are available when planning juror JDM studies; (2) enhancing scholars' understanding of the costs and benefits of those options; and (3) helping scholars better foresee how different design choices ultimately will impact the inferences that can be drawn from their studies. Thus, this paper provides an easily accessible resource to help newer scholars make more informed choices when planning juror JDM studies. Further, this paper should help individuals who are interested in audit-related juror JDM, but who are not active researchers in this area (e.g., archival researchers, practitioners), better understand the methods used to conduct, and the inferences drawn from, juror JDM studies. Finally, we hope that some of the principles discussed are helpful to newer scholars beyond the juror JDM setting.
Flexible Pavement Evaluation: A Case Study
Authors: Flamarz Al-Arkawazi Shamil Ahmed 
Published: August 2017

This study is a survey to evaluate the flexible pavement conditions to determine and specify the types of the failures in the pavement for the selected highway. It is very significant to evaluate and identify the causes of the flexible pavement failures and select the proper and best treatment and maintenance type. The study had two major and critical goals which covered by considering the following three tasks; the first was the visual evaluation and inspection of existing flexible pavement conditions including the failures, the second to determine and find out the actual causes of these failures in the pavement, and the third is to select the most and effective treatments and maintenance types. As a case study, Khanaqin-Kalar 2-way 2-lane rural highway was selected for evaluation and inspection purposes. The field evaluation works were achieved on the existing flexible pavement conditions of the selected rural highway. The results were most of the damages and failures in the pavement are serious and extreme surface deformation, cracks, disintegration, and surface defects. These damages and failures are caused by fatigue and other types of failures resulted from the movement of heavy vehicles and trucks, poor drainage design, unsuitable pavement layers thickness design, and improper pavement mix design and selected materials.
As garantias constitucionais das pessoas com deficiência à luz do Código de Defesa do Consumidor
Authors: Dias Isaac Nilson Fonseca , Santos Roselia Araújo Rodrigues dos 
Published: August 2017

O presente artigo científico tem o objetivo de esclarecer os consumidores com deficiência física, visual, auditiva, mental e/ou múltipla acerca das garantias previstas na Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988, perante a Lei Federal nº 8.078/90, o denominado Código de Defesa do Consumidor. No intuito de melhor elaborar o trabalho em deslinde, pauta-se diante de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e a explanação dos diversos entendimentos jurisprudenciais sobre o assunto. Desse modo, inicialmente, evidenciam-se os princípios da dignidade da pessoa humana e da isonomia, destacando o que há de mais relevante e esclarecedor ao estudo. Após, salienta-se a efetiva aplicação das normas protetivas aos portadores de necessidades especiais, na medida em que se vislumbram as dificuldades em guarnecer os direitos e garantias das pessoas com deficiência.Palavras-chave: Pessoas com deficiência; Garantias constitucionais; Direito do consumidor.
Gestão do conhecimento como modelo de gestão de pessoas para uma microempresa do Setor Moveleiro de São Luís
Authors: Santo Washington Silva do Espirito , Magalhães Yonara Costa , Almeida Will Ribamar Mendes 
Published: August 2017

Este trabalho mostra a gestão do conhecimento como conjunto de ações para uma microempresa do setor moveleiro na cidade de São Luís. Apresenta um modelo de gestão de pessoas utilizando práticas da gestão do conhecimento. Desta forma, a pesquisa foi de caráter analítico e explicativo, na qual o objeto de estudo foi explicar fatores que contribuem para o seu comportamento. Quanto às fontes utilizadas na coleta de dados, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo, tendo em vista que os dados para a composição deste trabalho foram feitos in loco (observação direta), conjugada à pesquisa bibliográfica para a composição da fundamentação teórica. Como resultado de modelo de gestão de pessoas para microempresas do setor moveleiro de São Luís, serão apresentadas práticas de geração de conhecimento criado pela interação entre os participantes do processo produtivo moveleiro, assim como suas características, agentes envolvidos, tipos de conhecimento encontrados no processo de negócio e um modelo de gestão de pessoas, utilizando práticas da gestão do conhecimento que são vitais para o crescimento da microempresa. A relevância para realização desta pesquisa deve-se ao fato desse tema ser de pouco conhecimento por parte dos microempresários e, como isso, pode ser um fator que traga um diferencial no mercado, podendo ser o início de uma longa jornada para estudantes e universidades interessados em explorar o tema, a fim de expor a grupos de interesse e, com isso, estimular o crescimento de pequenos negócios em nossa cidade.Palavras-chave: Gestão do Gestão de Pessoas. Microempresas.
O corpo no cotidiano escolar dos anos iniciais: concepções e percepções
Authors: Oliveira Caroline Mendes de , Zanella Andrisa kemel 
Published: August 2017

Este trabalho é resultado da pesquisa realizada no decorrer do Curso de Pedagogia-Licenciatura, da Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul, Unidade São Luiz Gonzaga. Teve por objetivo investigar se o corpo é trabalhado nas práticas escolares e, se for, de que modo. A metodologia, de abordagem qualitativa, caracterizou-se por ser uma pesquisa de campo, realizada em uma Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental do município de São Luiz Gonzaga. Para coletar os dados, foi utilizada a entrevista semiestruturada com duas professoras que atuam nos Anos Iniciais, observação das suas práticas pedagógicas e análise dos seus planos de aula. A análise dos achados da pesquisa centrou-se na análise fenomenológica das observações, na descrição dos planos de aula e na categorização das entrevistas. Perante os dados obtidos, foi percebido que o corpo no cotidiano escolar é trabalhado, pois não há como deixá-lo de lado, ou mesmo considerar somente a mente dos alunos. No entanto há formas diferentes de trabalhar o corpo dentro da escola. O corpo não é só importante, ele é necessário para a existência do ser humano no mundo. E na escola não deixa de ser diferente, signifi cando um todo no processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos alunos.
O Ensino com pesquisa no Curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo: relato de experiência
Authors: Flores Lucas Martins , Felden Eliane de Lourdes 
Published: August 2017

O artigo apresenta um relato de um projeto de pesquisa com foco na educação do campo, desenvolvido no Curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo, do IF Farroupilha-Campus Jaguari/RS. Na busca pela compreensão do problema, uma pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada no intuito de investigar os saberes docentes que precisam constituir os professores, no intuito de prepará-los para responder aos anseios da sociedade, por uma educação do campo da melhor qualidade. O objetivo do estudo foi conhecer e compreender os saberes docentes fundamentais para constituir um professor qualificado para atuar nas escolas do campo, capaz de consolidar uma educação do campo articulada às questões agroecológicas. A metodologia esteve sustentada na pesquisa bibliográfica, com um levantamento realizado em etapas como: identificação, localização, compilação e fichamento de aportes teóricos e legais. Foi possível, constatar a necessidade de construir uma educação do campo que aproxime o educador e a comunidade, abarcando projetos que fortaleçam o espaço agrário, possibilitando ao indivíduo meios para a construção de sua cidadania. As conclusões do trabalho remetem a reconhecer a complexidade de saberes que necessitam ser construídos pelos professores, para qualificar sua prática educativa nas escolas do campo. Fazer rupturas com a lógica educativa que, ao longo da história, induziu as massas da classe dos trabalhadores a uma formação escolar alienante, que reproduziu a lógica do sistema capitalista, requer a formação de docentes progressistas e inovadores, que assumam, no cotidiano, práticas educacionais articuladas as lutas dos agricultores por melhores condições de vida.
Was ist «Urban Forestry»?
Authors: van den Bosch Cecil C. Konijnendijk 
Published: August 2017

What is “urban forestry”?
This question is discussed in an interview with Cecil C. Konijnendijk van den Bosch, Professor of Urban Forestry at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver (CA). Urban forestry is an interdisciplinary field dealing with the planning, design and management of urban green spaces, and in particular with trees and forests as elements of these urban green spaces. Urban forestry is gaining importance because of health promotion policies, the improvement of quality of life in cities, and cities adapting to climate change. Urban forestry programs should be well connected with urban planning and feature a strong social dimension. Some good urban forestry programs can be found at the local level, e.g. in the city of Melbourne (AU). How ever, national urban forestry programs including political standards and funding are rather rare. In this respect, the most advanced urban forest policies can be found in the US; in Europe, the UK is probably ahead in terms of integrating urban forestry into national policies.
Solar Flare Termination Shock and Synthetic Emission Line Profiles of the Fe xxi 1354.08 Å Line
Authors: Guo Lijia , Li Gang , Reeves Kathy , Raymond John 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Solar flares are among the most energetic phenomena that occur in the solar system. In the standard solar flare model, a fast mode shock, often referred to as the flare termination shock (TS), can exist above the loop-top source of hard X-ray emissions. The existence of the TS has been recently related to spectral hardening of a flare’s hard X-ray spectra at energies >300 keV. Observations of the Fe xxi 1354.08 Å line during solar flares by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) spacecraft have found significant redshifts with >100 km s−1, which is consistent with a reconnection downflow. The ability to detect such a redshift with IRIS suggests that one may be able to use IRIS observations to identify flare TSs. Using a magnetohydrodynamic simulation to model magnetic reconnection of a solar flare and assuming the existence of a TS in the downflow of the reconnection plasma, we model the synthetic emission of the Fe xxi 1354.08 line in this work. We show that the existence of the TS in the solar flare may manifest itself in the Fe xxi 1354.08 Å line.
La rénovation d’un savoir entraîner/manager dans le basket-ball masculin français d’élite des années 1950 : conceptions, débats, enjeux
Authors: Claverie Éric 
Published: August 2017

À l’aube de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le basket-ball français, malgré son embellie en termes d’audience médiatique et ses progrès liés à sa proximité avec les Pays baltes, reste techniquement très retardé dans ses conceptions d’entraînement. En outre, un certain nombre de blocages culturels – par auto-attribution et attribution de stéréotypes essentialisant les styles de jeu nationaux – freinent son progrès technique. L’immédiat après-guerre voit se dessiner une nouvelle phase. En une dizaine d’années, on assiste à une reconsidération des principes d’entraînement. La diffusion plus aisée de la connaissance en provenance des États-Unis, la constitution d’une Amicale des entraîneurs très productive participent largement au changement : intégration de la dimension interactive de l’opposition dans la conception du jeu, observation rationnelle et méthodique de celui-ci, naissance de la fonction de manager. Ces innovations faites sous la férule d’acteurs décisifs, entrent pourtant en opposition avec des positions plus traditionnelles. Le nœud de discorde entre protagonistes tient surtout à la divergence entre une conception rationnelle, scientifique et théorisée du jeu par opposition à une vision plus intuitive et spontanée des procédés. En outre, ces désaccords révèlent la lutte entre groupes sociaux rivaux, souvent professeurs d’EPS d’un côté et autodidactes de l’autre, pour une définition légitime et un contrôle du savoir entraîner et manager.
Enhancing Patient Safety Event Reporting
Authors: Kang Hong , Wu Xinshuo , Hua Lei , Gong Yang 
Published: August 2017

Summary
Objectives: Electronic patient safety event reporting (e-reporting) is an effective mechanism to learn from errors and enhance patient safety. Unfortunately, the value of e-reporting system (a software or web server based platform) in patient safety research is greatly overshadowed by low quality reporting. This paper aims at revealing the current status of system features, detecting potential gaps in system design, and accordingly proposing suggestions for future design and implementation of the system.
Methods: Three literature databases were searched for publications that contain informative descriptions of e-reporting systems. In addition, both online publicly accessible reporting forms and systems were investigated.
Results: 48 systems were identified and reviewed. 11 system design features and their frequencies of occurrence (Top 5: widgets (41), anonymity or confidentiality (29), hierarchy (20), validator (17), review notification (15)) were identified and summarized into a system hierarchical model.
Conclusions: The model indicated the current e-reporting systems are at an immature stage in their development, and discussed their future development direction toward efficient and effective systems to improve patient safety.Citation: Gong Y, Kang H, Wu X, Hua L. Enhancing Patient Safety Event Reporting. Appl Clin Inform 2017; 8: 893–909 https://doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2016-02-R-0023
Stakeholder-based evaluation categories for regional climate services – a case study at the German Baltic Sea coast
Authors: Meinke Insa 
Published: August 2017

Abstract. In this study, categories, dimensions, and criteria for evaluating regional climate services are derived by a participatory approach with potential service users at the German Baltic Sea coast. The development is carried out within nine face-to-face interviews conducted with decision makers, working in climate sensitive sectors at the German Baltic Sea coast. Three main groups of categories were localized which seem to matter most to the considered stakeholders and which seem to be crucial evaluation categories for regional climate services: (1) credibility, (2) relevance, and (3) appropriateness. For each of these evaluation categories several dimensions emerged, indicating certain perspectives of stakeholder demands. When summarizing these evaluation categories and their dimensions, 13 evaluation criteria for regional climate services can be derived (see Table 1). The results show that stakeholders do mainly address components other than those found in the literature (e.g. inputs, process, outputs, outcomes, and impacts). This might indicate that an evaluation, following solely literature-based (non-participative) components, is not sufficient to localize deficiencies or efficiencies within a regional climate service, since it might lead to results which are not relevant for potential users.
Perfil e percepção de profissionais dos Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Frichembruder Karla , Hugo Fernando Neves , Hilgert Juliana Balbinot 
Published: August 2017

Objetivo: traçar o perfil e descrever a percepção dos profissionais sobre condições e relações de trabalho e o grau de satisfação ao atuar no Centro de Especialidades do Rio Grande do Sul. Sujeitos e método: 108 profissionais de 17 Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas do Rio Grande do Sul participaram do estudo e responderam a um questionário estruturado. Resultados: os resultados revelaram a presença de um grupo equilibradamente distribuído segundo o sexo, com idade média de 41,9 anos (±11,2), predomínio de etnia branca, alta frequência de pós graduados (81,5%) e maior proporção de vínculo empregatício formal (67,6%). A maioria dos elementos relativos às condições e relações de
trabalho foi julgada positivamente, com exceção do aspecto salarial e do dimensionamento da equipe de auxiliares em saúde bucal. O grau de satisfação com o trabalho nos Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas
foi alto. Conclusão: os resultados apontam para uma relação positiva entre os profissionais e destes com seu ambiente de trabalho. Os elementos de maior fragilidade foram: condições de vinculação de trabalho no interior do Estado, condições salariais, atividades de capacitação, ações de educação permanente e o dimensionamento da equipe de pessoal auxiliar.
Detection of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins in Mussels and Oysters Using the Qualitative Neogen Lateral-Flow Immunoassay: An Interlaboratory Study
Authors: Dorantes-Aranda Juan José , Tan Jessica Y C , Hallegraeff Gustaaf M , Campbell Katrina , Ugalde Sarah C , Harwood D Tim , Bartlett Jill K , Campàs Mònica , Crooks Steven , Gerssen Arjen , Harrison Keith , Huet Anne-Catherine , Jordan Timothy B , Koeberl Martina , Monaghan Tim , Murray Sam , Nimmagadda Rama , Ooms Corinne , Quinlan Rae K , Shi Feng , Turner Andrew D , Yakes Betsy Jean , Turnbull Alison R 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) in bivalve molluscs represent a public health risk and are controlled via compliance with a regulatory limit of 0.8 mg saxitoxin (STX)⋅2HCl equivalents per kilogram of shellfish meat (eq/kg). Shellfish industries would benefit from the use of rapid immunological screening tests for PSTs to be used for regulation, but to date none have been fully validated. An interlaboratory study involving 16 laboratories was performed to determine the suitability of the Neogen test to detect PSTs in mussels and oysters. Participants performed the standard protocol recommended by the manufacturer and a modified protocol with a conversion step to improve detection of gonyautoxin 1&4. The statistical analysis showed that the protocols had good homogeneity across all laboratories, with satisfactory repeatability, laboratory, and reproducibility variation near the regulatory level. The mean probability of detection (POD) at 0.8 mg STX⋅2HCl eq/kg using the standard protocol in mussels and oysters was 0.966 and 0.997, respectively, and 0.968 and 0.966 using the modified protocol. The estimated LOD in mussels was 0.316 mg STX⋅2HCl eq/kg with the standard and 0.682 mg STX⋅2HCl eq/kg with the modified protocol, and 0.710 and 0.734 mg STX⋅2HCl eq/kg for oysters, respectively. The Neogen test may be acceptable for regulatory purposes for oysters in accordance with European Commission directives in which the standard protocol provides, at the regulatory level, a probability of a negative response of 0.033 on 95% of occasions. Its use for mussels is less consistent at the regulatory level due to the wide prediction interval around the POD.
Practical Immunohistochemistry in Neoplastic Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, Biliary Tract, and Pancreas
Authors: Wang Hanlin L. , Kim Christopher J. , Koo Jamie , Zhou Wendi , Choi Eunice K. , Arcega Ramir , Chen Zongming Eric , Wang Huamin , Zhang Lanjing , Lin Fan 
Published: August 2017

Context.—Immunomarkers with diagnostic, therapeutic, or prognostic values have been increasingly used to maximize the benefits of clinical management of patients with neoplastic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas.Objectives.—To review the characteristics of immunomarkers that are commonly used in surgical pathology practice for neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas, and to summarize the clinical usefulness of immunomarkers that have been discovered in recent years in these fields.Data Sources.—Data sources include literature review, authors' research data, and personal practice experience.Conclusions.—Immunohistochemistry is an indispensable tool for the accurate diagnosis of neoplastic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas. Useful immunomarkers are available to help distinguish malignant neoplasms from benign conditions, determine organ origins, and subclassify neoplasms that are morphologically and biologically heterogeneous. Specific immunomarkers are also available to help guide patient treatment and assess disease aggressiveness, which are keys to the success of personalized medicine. Pathologists will continue to play a critical role in the discovery, validation, and application of new biomarkers, which will ultimately improve patient care.
La combinatoire des termes. Exemple : nectar de fruits
Authors: Lerat Pierre 
Published: August 2017

Terminology is henceforth based on textual analysis, although its methodology remains paradigmatic. Concordances need to be interpreted, and a theory of combinations is needed. In this article, Harris’ (1968, 1976, 1988) « operator-argument » theory is used, though words, concepts and terms are strictly distinguished. Specialised texts are made up of words as are every text, but some of them denote special concepts, and these are terms. The case of nectar de fruits, as used in EU regulations and FAO Codex alimentarius and on corporate websites, is used to show the relevance of combinatory analysis of concepts and of terms in establishing the ontology of the fruit industry.
Effects of External Perturbations on Anticipatory and Compensatory Postural Adjustments in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis and a Fall History
Authors: Tajali Shirin , Rouhani Mina , Mehravar Mohammad , Negahban Hossein , Sadati Elham , Oskouei Ali E. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Background:
Although previous studies have investigated postural adjustment mechanisms in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), it seems that no study has yet investigated the relationship between anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments (APAs and CPAs, respectively) and falls.

Methods:
Seventeen MS fallers, 17 MS nonfallers, and 15 controls were exposed to a series of expected and unexpected backward pull perturbations applied at the trunk level. The electrical activity of 12 leg and trunk muscles as well as center of pressure displacement were recorded.

Results:
The MS fallers had delayed muscle activity onsets compared with MS nonfallers and controls. In addition, a significantly lower level of muscle activity during APAs was detected in MS fallers compared with controls. Moreover, in the unexpected condition of perturbation, significantly smaller CPA was observed in MS fallers compared with controls. Both groups of patients with MS required more time to stabilize their center of pressure after both types of perturbations compared with controls.

Conclusions:
The inability to produce efficient APAs and CPAs during perturbations may explain the high rates of postural instability and falls in patients with MS. Findings from this study provide a background for the development of perturbation-based training programs aimed at balance improvement and fall prevention by restoring mechanisms underlying balance impairments.