bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Removing Fines-Migration Formation Damage in the Putumayo Basin in Colombia
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: March 2017

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 178996, “Removing Formation Damage From Fines Migration in the Putumayo Basin in Colombia: Challenges, Results, Lessons Learned, and New Opportunities After More Than 100 Sandstone-Acidizing Treatments,” by Wildiman Reinoso, Fredy Torres, and Manuel Aldana, Grantierra, and Pablo Campo, Emilce Alvarez, and Erika Tovar, Halliburton, prepared for the 2015 SPE International Conference and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA, 24–26 February. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
To date, more than 100 sandstone-acidizing treatments have been performed in several Colombian oil fields, targeting the Villeta and Caballos Formations in the Putumayo Basin. Fines migration has been the main damage mechanism treated with this type of chemical stimulation. This paper summarizes a wide variety of sandstone-acid-stimulation case histories, highlighting aspects such as mechanical conditions and operational practices.
Introduction
The Putumayo Basin is located in south-ern Colombia. The Putumayo Basin shows a stratigraphic sequence containing Early Cretaceous (marine) to Miocene/Pliocene sediments (fluvial). Fig. 1 illustrates the location of the Putumayo Basin.
Sand Villeta Formation
The T Sand samples examined are fine-to medium-grained sandstones. They are composed primarily of quartz grains cemented primarily with quartz overgrowths and authigenic clays. Rare-to-minor cements include solid hydro-carbon, pyrite, and dolomite. X-ray-diffraction (XRD) analyses show that all of the sandstone samples are composed primarily of quartz and clay minerals.
Feldspars are absent from all but one sample. Given that virtually all of the framework grains are quartz, with possibly minor argillaceous grains, the sand-stone is classified as quartzarenites. Scanning-electron-microscope (SEM) photographs show authigenic kaolinite filling intergranular zones and possibly replacing grains.
Caballos Formation
Samples in this formation are all sand-stones. Estimated average grain size ranges from very fine sand to medium sand. The framework grain suite is dominated by quartz. The grains are cement-ed primarily by quartz overgrowths and authigenic clays. XRD determined that all of the samples are composed primarily of quartz and clay minerals. Feld-spars are rare to absent from these sand-stones, confirming that virtually all of the framework grains are quartz and the sandstones should be classified as quartzarenites. Clay-mineral content averages 7.8%, with illite and mixed-layer illite/smectite more common than kaolinite. SEM photos show that these clays are authigenic.
Restructuring the P Index to Better Address P Management in New York
Authors: Ketterings Quirine M. , Cela Sebastian , Collick Amy S. , Crittenden Stephen J. , Czymmek Karl J. 
Published: March 2017

The New York Phosphorus Index (NY‐PI) was introduced in 2001 after the release of the state's first Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO) Permit that required a nutrient management plan developed in accordance with NRCS standards. The stakeholder‐based approach to development of the NY‐PI, combined with a requirement for all regulated farms to determine a NY‐PI score for all fields, ensured widespread adoption. While P management greatly improved over time, the initial NY‐PI overemphasized soil‐test P (STP), allowing for P addition if STP was low, even if the risk of P transport was high. Our goal was to develop a new PI approach that incentivizes implementation of best management practices (BMPs) where P‐transport risk is high, building on feedback from certified planners (survey), analysis of a planner‐supplied 33,000+ field database with NY‐PI information, and modeling of the impacts of specific BMPs on P runoff using data from a central NY CAFO farm. We propose a new NY‐PI structure that identifies landscape‐driven P‐transport risk if P is surface applied when crops are not actively growing to reach a raw PI score that is multiplied by credits (factors ≤ 1.0) for implementation of BMPs effective in reducing the risk of P transport. In this “Transport × BMP” approach, STP is used as P application cutoff. This approach could reduce barriers to regionalization of PIs, as states can identify landscape risk factors, soil‐test cutoffs, and BMPs while maintaining the same management categories (no manure, P‐removal‐based rates, or N‐based management).Core Ideas
Stakeholder engagement is essential to develop improved Phosphorus Indices (PIs).
A “Transport × BMP”‐based PI incentivizes BMP use where risk of P transport is high.
In a “Transport × BMP”‐based PI, soil‐test P sets rate limits to enhance P balances.
A “Transport × BMP”‐based PI can reduce barriers to regionalization of PIs within watersheds.
Biochars Reduce Mine Land Soil Bioavailable Metals
Authors: Ippolito J. A. , Berry C. M. , Strawn D. G. , Novak J. M. , Levine J. , Harley A. 
Published: March 2017

Biochar has been proposed as an amendment to remediate mine land soils; however, it could be advantageous and novel if feedstocks local to mine land sites were used for biochar production. Two different feedstocks (pine beetle–killed lodgepole pine [Pinus contorta] and tamarisk [Tamarix spp.]), within close proximity to mine land–affected soils, were used to create biochars to determine if they have the potential to reduce metal bioavailability. Four different mine land soils, contaminated with various amounts of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn, received increasing amounts of biochar (0, 5, 10, and 15% by wt). Soil pH and metal bioavailability were determined, and the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction procedure was used to identify pools responsible for potential shifts in bioavailability. Increasing biochar application rates caused increases in soil pH (initial, 3.97; final, 7.49) and 55 to 100% (i.e., no longer detectable) decreases in metal bioavailability. The BCR procedure supported the association of Cd with carbonates, Cu and Zn with oxyhydroxides and carbonates, and Pb with oxyhydroxides; these phases were likely responsible for the reduction in heavy metal bioavailability. This study proved that both of these feedstocks local to abandoned mining operations could be used to create biochars and reduce heavy metal bioavailability in mine land soils.Core Ideas
Local feedstocks were used to create biochars used for local mine land reclamation.
Novel creation and use of biochar were used to solve a localized issue.
Biochar application caused bioavailable Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb reduction.
Metal carbonate and oxyhydroxide precipitates formed after biochar application.
Editorial
Authors: Yusuf Mohamad 
Published: March 2017

Indonesia, the world’s fourth most populous nation, is 86 percent Muslim—and the largest Islamic country. Ethnically the country is highly diverse, with over 580 languages and dialects—but only 13 have more than one million speakers. Among the main ethnic groups are Javanese, Sundanese, Batakese, Indonesian (Malay) and Madurese. Although more than 85 percent of the Indonesian population is Muslim, Indonesia is not a religion-based state. Indonesia’s ideology is Pancasila (five principles) which are: belief in the one and only God; just and civilized humanity; the unity of Indonesia; deliberation for consensus; and social justice for all of Indonesia’s people. Pancasila stresses that Indonesia is neither a secular nor religious-based state. The Constitution provides for all persons the right to worship according to his or her own religion or belief.
A Case-Based Analysis of Whether Living Related Donors Listed for Transplant Share ESRD Causes with Their Recipients
Authors: Matas Arthur J. , Hays Rebecca E. , Ibrahim Hassan N. 
Published: March 2017

Background and objectives
Two recent studies reported increased risk of ESRD after kidney donation. In both, the majority of ESRD was seen in those donating to a relative. Confounding this observation is that, in the absence of donation, relatives of those with ESRD are at increased risk for ESRD. Understanding the pathogenesis and risk factors for postdonation ESRD is critical for both donor selection and counseling.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We hypothesized that if familial relationship was an important consideration in pathogenesis, the donor and linked recipient would share ESRD etiology. We obtained information from the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) on all living kidney donors subsequently waitlisted for a kidney transplant in the United States between January 1, 1996 and November 30, 2015, to determine (1) the donor–recipient relationship and (2) whether related donor–recipient pairs had similar causes of ESRD.

Results
We found that a significant amount of information, potentially available at the time of listing, was not reported to the OPTN. Of 441 kidney donors listed for transplant, only 169 had information allowing determination of interval from donation to listing, and only 99 (22% of the total) had information on the donor–recipient relationship and ESRD etiology. Of the 99 donors, 87 were related to their recipient. Strikingly, of the 87, only a minority (23%) of donor–recipient pairs shared ESRD etiology. Excluding hypertension, only 8% shared etiology.

Conclusions
A better understanding of ESRD in donors requires complete and detailed data collection, as well as a method to capture all ESRD end points. This study highlights the absence of critical information that is urgently needed to provide a meaningful understanding of ESRD after kidney donation. We found that of living related donors listed for transplant, where both donor and recipient cause of ESRD is recorded, only a minority share ESRD etiology with their recipient.
Hyper-intensive farming of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in a freshwater tank under semi-controlled conditions (Decapoda: Penaeidae)
Authors: Ortega Salas A. A. , Rendón M. L. A. 
Published: March 2017

Developing shrimp to a commercial size in a confined freshwater space is important because it saves food and because predators and diseases are avoided. Our study was conducted to calculate the growth of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei by hyper-intensive farming in fresh water from 0,5 to 5‰ and under semi-controlled conditions. We seeded at a density of 563 postlarvae/m3 or m2 during the first cycle and 400 postlarvae/m3 in the second cycle in an outdoor pond of 6m3 or m2 covered with a mesh. Aeration was constant, they were fed Daphnia magna during the first two weeks and then camaronina pellets containing 35% protein, in food baskets, as demanded. The temperature ranged from 22,3 to 31,3°C, pH between 7,5 and 8,7, the oxygen was 4,26±1,43mg/L; the ponds were cleaned of debris every other day, and water was changed according to a program. The food conversion factor (FCA) was 1:1,1. The shrimp were measured weekly to calculate growth using the Bertalanffy model. Survival in the first cycle was 88,1 and 95,8% for the second cycle. Population parameters by maximum likelihood method of the first cycle were k=0,0957, L∞ =146,98 and t0=-0,93; in the second cycle k=0,0172, L∞ =367,82 and t0=-4,60. The results indicate rapid growth during the first ten weeks. Biomass was obtained from 26kg for the first cycle and 16kg for the second cycle.KEY WORDSGrowth, density, survival, biomass, semi-controlled conditions.
Special Article: From Birdsong to Babel: the canine connection in the origin of human language
Authors: Pont Graham 
Published: March 2017

Whistled languages are still found today in many parts of the world, the most celebrated being Silbo, in the Canary Islands. According to Australian Aboriginal legends, it was the birds who taught human beings how to speak. Similar traditions are found in Ancient Greece and Rome and modern Europe. This article explores the hypothesis that around 100 000 years BP there was an interaction of whistling sounds among birds, humans and dogs that eventually led to the development of the first natural languages, from birdsong to whistling to articulate speech.KEY WORDS evolution of natural languages, birdsong, whistling, dogs
Redescription, new distribution record, DNA sequence and length-weight relationship of the Eel-loach Pangio pangia (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) in the River Ganges Basin, India
Authors: Sarkar U. K. , Dabas A. , Khan G. E. , Dubey V. K. , Kumar R. , Mishra A. K. , Pal A. , Singh S. P. , Jena J. K. 
Published: March 2017

The Eel-loach Pangio pangia has never been reported from East India in the River Ganges. In August, 2011, we collected a total of 39 individuals of this species during fish diversity explorations in River Ganges at Narora. This is the first record for Uttar Pradesh (North India). We present additional diagnostic features and description for this species previously known only from very old descriptions generally based on preserved specimens. Additionally, a molecular signature of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region between 5,8S and 28S ribosomal RNA genes was sequenced and submitted to NCBI (Accession No. JQ619873). The length-weight relationship showed allometric growth as b value of overall length-weight relation was 2,71 at p<0,00 which, ranged from 2,65 to 2,76. The substantial threats and issues regarding unawareness of this understudied fish species are highlighted to help sustaining fish biodiversity in India. KEY WORDSNew distribution, Pangio pangia, length weight relationship, River Ganges, India.
Use of different SEM techniques in the study of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Acari: Acaridae) in Costa Rica
Authors: Murillo Pamela , Aguilar Hugo , Sanchez Ethel 
Published: March 2017

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been used as a tool to facilitate the morphological description of mites and to complement the information obtained from the light microscope. Unfortunately, several of SEM techniques used for soft-bodied mites such as Tyrophagus, have in many cases not shown the desired results. This investigation sought to develop an efficient procedure for preparing specimens of T. putrescentiae for SEM so that its major morphological characters could be observed and photographed. This species is the most important contaminant of tissue culture laboratories in Costa Rica. Seven methods were used to process the samples. The evaluated treatments showed differences in their ability to preserve the morphological structures of the specimens. The advantages and disadvantages of each treatment are discussed. Mites processed using ethanol were the most viable option with method 3 being the procedure that showed the best results; this technique also reduced the time and costs of processing the specimens.KEY WORDSAcari, Acaridae, Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), SEM techniques
Terrestrial mammal diversity in forests close to pineapple crops, Cutris San Carlos, Costa Rica.
Authors: Navarro P Jonathan , Gómez L Alexander 
Published: March 2017

Pineapple crops reduce the size of forest fragments and generate pressure on biodiversity in the remnants. To determine potential negative effects of forest fragmentation we assessed diversity and composition of terrestrial mammals in forest patches on three farms under pineapple crops. We placedSherman and Tomahawk traps, footprints traps near water bodies, and made daily tracks to obtain traces and direct observation of mammals. We identified seven species of wild mammals, mostly omnivorous and under a least concern conservation status. The effect of cover type generated by the pineapple crops is consistent with mammal composition. Pineapple crops could enhance the most common wildlife problems, such as predator-prey relationships. Therefore, pineapple plantations, by causing fragmentation and lack of connectivity among forest patches, threaten extinction of mammals in some of their original range.
Fuentes proteínicas no tradicionales y su efecto sobre el crecimiento y supervivencia, durante la masculinización del pez Cichlasoma urophthalmus (Perciformes: Cichlidae)
Authors: Cuenca-Soria Carlos A. , Navarro Angulo Leonardo I. , Castillo-Domínguez Alfonso , Melgar Valdes Carolina E. , Pérez-Palafox Xchel A. , Ortiz-Hernández Mateo 
Published: March 2017

En el sureste de México, la acuicultura se ha visto seriamente afectada por los altos costos de los alimentos comerciales. Como parte de la búsqueda de alimentos no tradicionales, probamos el pez de agua dulce Astyanax aeneus y el caracol Pomacea flagellata como posibles fuentes de proteínas para Cichlasoma urophthalmus. Aplicamos la hormona androgénica fluoximesterona durante 45 días. Un kilogramo de dieta experimental (P. flagellate/A. aeneus) y uno de los alimentos comerciales se rociaron con la solución de fluoximesterona/etanol absoluto, en 5 mg/L/tasa kg (hormona/alcohol/alimento). La dieta experimental y el alimento comercial (THA y SHC, respectivamente) fueron probados en crías de C. urophthalmus, sincrónicamente con sus grupos de control (TA y SC, respectivamente), por triplicado. THA produjo el mayor crecimiento específico y la media final peso (p<0,05). No hubo diferencias en la proporción de sexos (p>0,05), teniendo en cuenta que la dosis utilizada no fue relevante.
Relación del valor de urea en leche con parámetros reproductivos y productivos en vacas Holstein, Jersey y sus cruces
Authors: Gonzáles Blanco Jose Pablo , Rodolfo WingChing-Jones Rodolfo 
Published: March 2017

: Determinamos la concentración de nitrógeno ureico en leche (NUL) de 554 vacas Holstein, 474 vacas Jersey y 454 vacas cruzadas y se relacionan con los días de lactancia, la producción de leche diaria, días abiertos y el intervalo entre partos. Una muestra de leche de 100 ml la analizamos con un un kit a base de la enzima ureasa. La raza Jersey superó a la Holstein en 2,49 y 3,82 a los cruces HxJ en mg / dl. Las diferencias en el contenido NUL se determinaron en los días de la producción de leche. Los animales con una producción diaria inferior a 40 litros de leche tenían un NUL 1,84 mg / dl más bajo que los animales con la producción de más de 40 litros (18,17 mg / dl). El valor NUL no varió de acuerdo a los días abiertos, sin embargo, los animales con más de 360 días de intervalo entre partos mostraron un promedio NUL de 16,91 mg / dl, lo que supera en 1 mg / dl a los animales que presentan valores por debajo de 360 días intervalo entre partos. Las vacas Holstein y Jersey son más propensas a tener unvalor de NUL mayor que los cruces HxJ. Es necesario aumentar el análisis de datos de los sistemas de producción con diferentes métodos de manejo y alimentación, para generar una herramienta de diagnóstico que se pueda aplicar en los sistemas de producción de leche en Costa Rica.
Redescubrimiento de Tayassu pecari (Artiodactyla: Tayassuidae) en el Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Mixto Caño Negro, Costa Rica
Authors: Guerrero Ortiz Sol , Francisco José Morazán Fernández Francisco José 
Published: March 2017

El chancho de monte (Tayassu pecari), es una especie Neotropical de amplia distribución que se encuentra desde el norte de Argentina hasta el sur de México. De acuerdo con la UICN, esta especie se considera en estado vulnerable en todo su rango de distribución. En Costa Rica su distribución ha disminuido en 89% y se encuentra restringida a pocas áreas protegidas, lo que la coloca en la lista de especies en peligro de extinción. En este documento presentamos los detalles de los primeros registros de la presencia de chancho de monte dentro del Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Mixto Caño Negro, donde anteriormente se consideraba localmente extinto. En el 2013, realizamos 52 entrevistas a profundidad en diversas comunidades cercanas al refugio. Entre septiembre y diciembre del 2015, colocamos ocho cámaras trampa en fincas aledañas o dentro del refugio. En diez de las entrevistas realizadas, los pobladores informaron sobre la existencia de una población pequeña de estos animales. La mayoría creen que se encuentran en un sector alejado y elevado del refugio conocido como “Terrón”. De las ocho cámaras utilizadas, dos de ellas se colocaron en fincas correspondientes a dicho sector. En una de estas cámaras se registró una manada de chachos de monte de al menos ocho individuos, compuesta tanto por adultos como juveniles. El conocimiento ecológico local sirve como complemento del conocimiento técnico y como guía para planificar y focalizar esfuerzos durante el desarrollo de investigaciones ecológicas, como en el caso del presente trabajo. Confirmar la presencia del chancho de monte es un hallazgo que puede servir para aumentar las medidas de conservación que se aplican en el refugio.
Uso de Azospirrillum spp. como biofertilizante en la producción de estrella africana (Cynodon nlemfuensis)
Authors: WingChing-Jones Rodolfo , Uribe Lorío Lidieth , Castro Barquero Leida 
Published: March 2017

El pasto estrella africana es importante en algunas regiones tropicales y puede ser beneficioso el uso de Azospirillum como biofertilizante. Probamos tres cepas de Azospirrilum en Turrialba, Costa Rica, entre el 2011 y 2013. Utilizamos una dosis única de 5 litros por hectárea para las tres cepas (108 UFC.ml-1) y la mezcla de las tres cepas en partes iguales y las comparamos con una dosis de 10 t/ha de vermicompost y la fertilización química (78 kg/N/ha). En la segunda prueba evaluamos Azospirillum por su potencial para sustituir el fertilizante químico en proporciones de 0, 25, 50 y 75% una dosis de 5 L / ha (108 UFC.ml-1) utilizamos para todos los tratamientos y en comparación con la dosis de 100% de los fertilizantes químicos. Dos de las cepas y tres de las mezclas produjo biomasa forrajera similar (3,65 a 3,93 t / ha) como el fertilizante químico (4,12 t / ha). La fertilización con humus de lombriz fue menor (3,56 t / ha). Una disminución de las lluvias 2012-2013 redujo la biomasa del forraje 25% cuando se aplicó fertilización química (4,07 vs 3,08 t / ha). En el segundo experimento, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en los rendimientos de biomasa para todos los tratamientos con Azospirillum o fertilizantes químicos (2,97 vs 3,08 t / ha). Azospirillum tiene potencial para mantener la productividad del pasto estrella africana bajo un sistema de pastoreo, pero se requiere más investigación para definir el número de aplicaciones por año para mantener un efecto constante.
Control Rate of Diabetic and Hypertensive Adult Patients in Association with Demographic and Healthy Behaviour Factors in Garmian- Kurdistan Region
Authors: Karim Muaf Abdulla , Shakor Jamal Kareem , Ahmed Bootan Hasan , Qadir Dlzar Omer , Qader Saleem Saaed 
Published: March 2017

Hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM) are the two major inter-correlated risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, which considered as the major causes of morbidity and mortality. This study is set up to determine control rate, and the social demographic and health related behaviours risk factors in association with control rate in hypertensive and/or diabetes patients who are under treatment. Cross sectional study was carried out in this study. Data have been collected by well-trained paramedics through direct interviews using structured questionnaire with the participants. A conventional sampling which is one of the main types of non-probability method was used for collecting data. SPSS version 16 was used for analysing data. 338 patients were recruited into the study, 150(44.1%) of participants with hypertension,88(25.9%) with diabetes and the rest 100(29.4%) with both diseases. Patients who diagnosed with hypertension weremore under control 83 (55.3%) in comparison with diabetic23(26.1%) and patients who were diagnosed both conditions 18(18.0%). High control rate was observed in hypertension patients compared to diabetes and those diagnosed both conditions. Cor morbidity was the main cause of uncontrolled rate.