bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fuel recycling feedback control via real-time boron powder injection in EAST with full metal wall
Authors: WANG 汪 Zhe 哲 , SUN 孙 Zhen 震 , ZUO 左 Guizhong 桂忠 , WU 吴 Kai 凯 , HUANG 黄 Yao 耀 , XU 徐 Wei 伟 , HUANG 黄 Ming 明 , ZHOU 周 Zhitai 之泰 , GUAN 管 Yanhong 艳红 , QIU 邱 Haotian 昊天 , MAINGI Rajesh , HU 胡 Jiansheng 建生 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A feedback control of fuel recycling via real-time boron powder injection, addressing the issue of continuously increasing recycling in long-pulse plasma discharges, has been successfully developed and implemented on EAST tokamak. The feedback control system includes four main parts: the impurity powder dropper (IPD), a diagnostic system measuring fuel recycling level represented by Dα emission, a plasma control system (PCS) implementing the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) algorithm, and a signal converter connecting the IPD and PCS. Based on this control system, both active control and feedback control experiments have recently been performed on EAST with a full metal wall. The experimental results show that the fuel recycling can be gradually reduced to lower level as PCS control voltage increases. In the feedback control experiments, it is also observed that the Dα emission is reduced to the level below the target Dα value by adjusting boron injection flow rate, indicating successful implementation of the fuel recycling feedback control on EAST. This technique provides a new method for fuel recycling control of long pulse and high parameter plasma operations in future fusion devices.
Characterizing randomness in parameterized quantum circuits through expressibility and average entanglement
Authors: Ilário Correr Guilherme , Medina Ivan , Azado Pedro C , Drinko Alexandre , Soares-Pinto Diogo O 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
While scalable error correction schemes and fault tolerant quantum computing seem not to be universally accessible in the near sight, the efforts of many researchers have been directed to the exploration of the contemporary available quantum hardware. Due to these limitations, the depth and dimension of the possible quantum circuits are restricted. This motivates the study of circuits with parameterized operations that can be classically optimized in hybrid methods as variational quantum algorithms, enabling the reduction of circuit depth and size. The characteristics of these Parameterized Quantum Circuits (PQCs) are still not fully understood outside the scope of their principal application, motivating the study of their intrinsic properties. In this work, we analyse the generation of random states in PQCs under restrictions on the qubits connectivities, justified by different quantum computer architectures. We apply the expressibility quantifier and the average entanglement as diagnostics for the characteristics of the generated states and classify the circuits depending on the topology of the quantum computer where they can be implemented. As a function of the number of layers and qubits, circuits following a Ring topology will have the highest entanglement and expressibility values, followed by Linear/All-to-all almost together and the Star topology. In addition to the characterization of the differences between the entanglement and expressibility of these circuits, we also place a connection between how steep is the increase on the uniformity of the distribution of the generated states and the generation of entanglement. Circuits generating average and standard deviation for entanglement closer to values obtained with the truly uniformly random ensemble of unitaries present a steeper evolution when compared to others.
Modeling spatiotemporal land use/land cover dynamics by coupling multilayer perceptron neural network and cellular automata markov chain algorithms in the Wabe river catchment, Omo Gibe River Basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Mathewos Yonas , Abate Brook , Dadi Mulugeta , Mathewos Markos 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) change has been a substantial environmental concern, hindering sustainable development over the past few decades. To that end, comprehending the past and future patterns of LULC change is vital for conserving and sustainably managing land resources. This study aimed to analyze the spatiotemporal patterns of landscape dynamics from 1986 to 2022 and predict situations for 2041 and 2058, considering a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario in the Wabe River Catchment. The historical land use image classification employed a supervised technique using maximum likelihood algorithms in ERDAS Imagine, and identified six major land cover classes. For future projections of LULC changes in 2041 and 2058, multilayer perceptron neural network and cellular automata-Markov chain algorithms were utilized, incorporating various driving factors and independent spatial datasets. The findings revealed significant and ongoing LULC dynamics in the catchment, with persistent trends expected. Notably, woodland, built-up areas, and agriculture experienced substantial net increases by 0.24%, 1.96%, and 17.22% respectively, while grassland, forest, and agroforestry land faced notable decreases of 4.65%, 3.58%, and 11.20% respectively from 1986 to 2022. If the current rate of change continues, built-up and agricultural lands will expand by 1.28% and 5.07%, while forest and agroforestry land will decline by 2.69% and 3.63% respectively by 2058. However, woodland and grassland cover will exhibit divergent patterns, with a projected decrease of 0.57% in woodland and an anticipated increase of 0.54% in grassland cover. Overall, the observed changes indicated a shift towards intensive agriculture, built-up area expansion, and potentially adverse environmental consequences such as soil degradation, biodiversity loss, and ecosystem decline. To mitigate these consequences and promote sustainable development, immediate action is necessary, including environmentally friendly conservation approaches, sustainable land management practices, habitat protection, and reforestation efforts, ensuring the long-term resilience and viability of the catchment’s ecosystems.
Water quality assessment using national Water Quality Index (WQI): a case study of the Song Be River, Bing Duong Province, Vietnam
Authors: Huynh An The , Dao Trung Minh , Nguyen Tuyet Anh Huynh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Song Be River is a vital water source in Binh Duong Province, Vietnam, playing a crucial role in supplying water for domestic use and agriculture, as well as supporting local ecosystems. However, due to the recent rapid economic and industrial growth, the river’s water quality has encountered significant challenges, particularly from the improper discharge of untreated wastewater from various sources and activities. This study conducts a comprehensive analysis of the Song Be River’s water quality by employing the Water Quality Index (WQI) in conjunction with Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. Subsequently, several strategies are also proposed to effectively manage and enhance the water quality of the Song Be River. Over the period from March 2023 to March 2024, 52 samples were collected from four monitoring points (SB1, SB2, SB3, and SB4) along the Song Be River, with a frequency of once per month. All analytical parameters (such as NH4
+_N: 0.01–0.61 mg l−1, NO2
−_N: 0.014–0.03 mg l−1, Fe: 0.01–0.81 mg l−1, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD): 4–26 mg l−1, Dessolved Oxygen (DO): 3.8–6.6 mg l−1, Suspendid Solids (SS): 5–69 mg l−1, Coliform: 1200–4300 MPN/100 ml, Total phosphorous: 0.01–0.08 mg l−1 and Total nitrogen: 1.16–4.5 mg l−1) fell within the permissible limits according to the Vietnamese National Standards. Furthermore, the WQI ranged from 73 to 100, indicating that the water quality of The Song Be River is good and suitable for domestic use.
Impact of the central-Pacific ENSO on the Tibetan Plateau precipitation in boreal spring
Authors: Wang Run , Ren Hong-Li , Liu Minghong , Zhou Fang , Du Jun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The importance of spring Tibetan Plateau (TP) precipitation is increasingly recognized. This study investigated the primary spatiotemporal features of spring Tibetan Plateau (TP) precipitation and revealed its pronounced impacts from El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The spring TP precipitation anomalies are majorly featured by a west–east spatial pattern with interannual variations correlated with the spring central-Pacific (CP) ENSO. This west–east precipitation pattern leads to more precipitation in the western TP and less in the eastern TP under the spring CP El Niño, which is reversed under the spring CP La Niña. The ENSO-related Walker circulation variations and induced Indian Ocean warming that further excite anomalous zonal–vertical and meridional–vertical circulations south of TP are crucial to the spring TP precipitation through configuring the opposite anomalies of vertical motions and moisture convergence over western to eastern TP. The CP ENSO could be a potential precursor to the spring TP precipitation owing to its relatively long predictability and a summer persistence barrier.
Application of random forest algorithm in the study of microscopic features and visitor experience evaluation in gardens
Authors: Liu Wenjie , Li Huan , Huang Dengkai , He Fang , Liu Wenxue , Sun Qiaoyun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the development of modern urban gardens, delving into visitor experience perception to address homogenization issues is a crucial means to enhance garden space characteristics and meet diverse demands. This study selected nine representative modern gardens in the Taihu Lake region as samples. Utilizing machine learning techniques combined with image semantic segmentation and principal component analysis, it systematically assessed various microscopic features of gardens and explored their relationship with actual visitor experience ratings. The aim is to reveal emotional resonance and aesthetic preferences during the touring process. The results indicate: (1) Comfort holds a primary position in influencing visitor touring experiences; (2) Microscopic features such as water features, tall vegetation, architecture, and ornametal elements significantly contribute to visitor comfort; (3) The random forest model unveils complex interactions between microscopic features and the overall visitor experience, indicating limitations in traditional linear model evaluations for such relationships. Through analyzing the relationship between microscopic garden features and visitor experiences in the selected cases, this study highlights the importance of adopting non-linear models to optimize garden landscape design and enhance the visitor touring experience.
Evaluation of long-term stability of L-asparaginase encapsulated PLL-g-PEG nanoparticles in solution to aid in therapeutic delivery
Authors: Goff Keri , Dean Dallas , Helms Isabella , Hatton Riley , Hines Reginald , Hikkaduwa Koralege Rangika S 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
L-asparaginase (L-ASNase) is a therapeutic enzyme that is widely used for the treatment of hematopoietic diseases such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphomas. L-ASNase destroys asparagine dependent tumors by degrading circulating L-asparagine and thereby destroying malignant cells. As a protein drug, L-ASNase carries a few inherent drawbacks including short circulating half-life, low stability, and low catalytic activity under physiological conditions. Moreover, due to the bacterial origin of L-ASNase used in treatments, there have been reports with high frequency of hypersensitivity reactions in patients. The use of this drug in adult cancer populations has largely been hindered not only due to its immunological side effects but also due to non-immunogenic toxicities such as pancreatitis, liver toxicities, coagulopathy, and neurotoxicity. Therefore, it is vital to find new methods to decrease its immunogenic/toxicity profile while increasing the stability and half-life. The purpose of this study is to achieve a new L-ASNase polymer nanocarrier to improve stability of the enzyme while masking it from the immune system of the host. We designed and characterized a nanoparticle (NP) where a poly-L-lysine-grafted-poly(ethylene) glycol co-polymer was used to encapsulate L-ASNase. The primary focus of the study was to evaluate the stability and encapsulation efficiency of this NP construct over time. There was no aggregation of NPs observed during the study period of 6 months in solution and NPs had a 0.436 mV surface charge. L-ASNase NPs showed a percent asparaginase activity of 31% compared to free L-ASNase. Under physiological conditions NPs were found to be intact and retained the encapsulated proteins for up to 6 months in solution. Together, these results demonstrate that L-ASNase loaded PLL-g-PEG NPs may serve as a fundamental platform to design nanocarriers to prolong stability in solution.
Time–frequency analysis using spiking neural network
Authors: Bensimon Moshe , Hadad Yakir , Ben-Shimol Yehuda , Greenberg Shlomo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Time–frequency analysis plays a crucial role in various fields, including signal processing and feature extraction. In this article, we propose an alternative and innovative method for time–frequency analysis using a biologically inspired spiking neural network (SNN), encompassing both a specific spike-continuous-time-neuron-based neural architecture and an adaptive learning rule. We aim to efficiently detect frequencies embedded in a given signal for the purpose of feature extraction. To achieve this, we suggest using an SN-based network functioning as a resonator for the detection of specific frequencies. We developed a modified supervised spike timing-dependent plasticity learning rule to effectively adjust the network parameters. Unlike traditional methods for time–frequency analysis, our approach obviates the need to segment the signal into several frames, resulting in a streamlined and more effective frequency analysis process. Simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method, showcasing its ability to detect frequencies and generate a Spikegram akin to the fast Fourier transform (FFT) based spectrogram. The proposed approach is applied to analyzing EEG signals, demonstrating an accurate correlation to the equivalent FFT transform. Results show a success rate of 94.3% in classifying EEG signals.
Discussion on “LEAP: the latent exchangeability prior for borrowing information from historical data” by Ethan M. Alt, Xiuya Chang, Xun Jiang, Qing Liu, May Mo, H. Amy Xia, and Joseph G. Ibrahim
Authors: Campbell Harlan , Gustafson Paul 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We commend Alt et al.’s innovative approach for analysis with a hybrid control arm while offering insights into two key considerations: the necessity for extrapolation and the potential benefits of curating historical control data before analysis.
Social Work and Aboriginal Australians: What Gets in the Way of Good Practice
Authors: Holl Karen , Fejo-King Christine , Frederico Margarita , MacLean Sarah J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The social work profession is rightly criticised for past and present wrongdoing against Aboriginal Australians. Non-Aboriginal social workers have significant contact with Aboriginal peoples but despite their guidance, social workers can struggle to engage effectively. Whilst this work is complex, little is known about the challenges non-Aboriginal social workers encounter, and how they might be navigated better. To address this gap, this article explores accounts from seventeen non-Aboriginal social workers who were interviewed about their practice with Aboriginal peoples in Australia, with framing and interpretation informed by interviews with thirteen Aboriginal Australians. Data were analysed using two approaches: a microanalysis and The Listening Guide. Participants insisted that their challenges are insignificant compared to those of Aboriginal Australians. Findings illustrate the complex nature of this experience for non-Aboriginal social workers, that is both highly valued and has the potential to distress. Implementing ethical practice against a backdrop of Australia’s history of invasion and colonisation and their on-going impacts such as the racist treatment of Aboriginal Australians can be difficult to navigate. Supervision is a recognised approach to managing challenges; however, we caution against adopting this strategy without recognising and addressing the contextual dimensions of these experiences.
For a Carnal Social Work: A Review of the Body in Social Work Literature
Authors: Bogue Kerr Stephanie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Social work practice is charged with concerns related to the body; health, age, gender, sexuality, race, abuse and violence, to name a few. Despite this, the body itself is strangely invisible in social work literature, its experiences often indirectly addressed. The present scoping review seeks to explore how the body is situated and conceptualised within the peer-reviewed social work literature between 2012 and 2022. The wide scope of this review captures a range of articles (n = 148) in many different journals (n = 56), with few tackling the same questions. Moreover, the stories of many bodies are not yet represented in social work literature. Seven broad relational categories were identified: relationship to oneself; interpersonal concerns in health; systemic and structural concerns in health; therapeutic relationships; the body in intervention; embodied structures; and the body in social work education. The results point to the need for a framework through which to see and interpret the body, promoting a more central position in research and practice. Wacquant’s carnal sociology (2015) is proposed as an appropriate scaffold for bringing the body into view within social work practice and research.
Halochromism of 2-indolinone fluorophore based on the deprotonation of an acidic C–H bond
Authors: Suzuki Naoya , Yagi Keita , Maeda Takeshi , Kodama Shintaro , Yagi Shigeyuki 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We disclosed a new halochromic fluorescent dye based on the deprotonation from an acidic C–H bond. The dye consisting of a 2-indolinone skeleton and a benzothiazole ring exhibited an obvious red shift in its photoluminescence spectra in response to the presence of bases. Structural analyses with 1H NMR measurements and theoretical calculations suggested that the π-conjugated system of the dye was expanded by the deprotonation of the acidic C–H bond on the 2-indolinone skeleton. This structural change contributes to the red shift of photoluminescence and accelerates the radiative decay from the excited state.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Homovanillic and 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acids in a Large Pediatric Population; Establishment of Reference Intervals and Impact of Disease and Medication
Authors: Rodriguez-Gonzalez Helena , Ormazabal Aida , Casado Mercedes , Arias Angela Y , Oliva Clara , Barranco-Altirriba Maria , Casadevall Ricard , García-Cuyas Francesc , Nascimento Andrés , Ortez Carlos , Natera-de Benito Daniel , Armangué Thais , O’Callaghan Maria M , Juliá-Palacios Natalia , Darling Alejandra , Ortigoza-Escobar Juan Darío , Fons Carmen , García-Cazorla Angels , Perera-Lluna Alexandre , Artuch Rafael 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) homovanillic (HVA), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acids (5-HIAA) are biomarkers of neurological diseases affecting the dopaminergic and serotoninergic pathways. Establishing reference intervals for these metabolites faces the challenges of a lack of healthy controls and a negative correlation with age, making stratified intervals unrealistic. We propose a pipeline to determine continuous reference intervals for HVA and 5-HIAA using an indirect method. We also studied the confounding effects of different variables and explored the impact of antiepileptic and neuroleptic treatments on HVA and 5-HIAA values.

Methods
The study used least squares regression to fit age–concentration curves from a cohort of pediatric patients (n = 1533), where the residuals represent metabolite values excluding age effect. Presuming that HVA and 5-HIAA primary deficiencies characterize a distinct subpopulation, we fitted a two-component finite mixture model in age-normalized data and set reference intervals at the central 95% of the nondeficient population.

Results
Patients with primary genetic deficiencies of HVA and/or 5-HIAA consistently fall outside the proposed continuous reference intervals. Using the new continuous reference intervals reduces the number of secondary deficiencies detected compared with using stratified values. No correlations were observed between CSF HVA and 5-HIAA values across the studied drug categories (antiseizure and neuroleptic medications). In addition, biopterin values positively influenced both metabolite concentrations.

Conclusion
The proposed continuous reference intervals caused a substantial reduction in the number of secondary deficiencies detected, most of which demonstrated no conclusive correlations between the diseases and altered HVA and 5-HIAA values.
Fortune may favor the flexible: Environment-dependent behavioral shifts in invasive coquí frogs
Authors: Soto Katharina M , Edmonds Devin , Colton Andrea L , Britton Michael R , Hardin Faith O , Fischer Eva K 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Biological invasions are a major driver of global biodiversity loss, impacting endemic species, ecosystems, and economies. While the influence of life history traits on invasive success is well-established, the role of behavior in the invasive potential of animals is less studied. The common coquí frog, Eleutherodactylus coqui, is a highly successful invader in Hawai’i. We build on previous research characterizing changes in physiology and morphology to explore behavioral variation across the invasive range of coquí in Hawai’i. Coquí have expanded both outward and upward from their initial introduction site, and - by comparing frogs from different densities and elevations - we specifically asked how the physiological challenges of high-elevation living interact with the competitive challenge of high-densities at population centers. To investigate whether differences in the field represent local adaptation or behavioral plasticity, we additionally evaluated behavior following acclimation to a shared laboratory environment. While we identified only subtle behavioral variation among populations in the field, we found that individuals from all populations became less bold, active, and exploratory in the laboratory, converging on a similar behavioral phenotype. Alongside previous work, our results suggest that coquí adjust their behavior to local environmental conditions across their invasive range, and that behavioral flexibility may contribute to invasive success.