bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marginal stability analyses for thermochemical convection and its implications for the dynamics of continental lithosphere and core–mantle boundary regions
Authors: Han Shunjie , Zhong Shijie 
Published: September 2024

SUMMARY
Significant compositional differences may exist in the lithospheric mantle and above the core–mantle boundary (CMB) relative to the ambient mantle. The intrinsic density differences may affect the development of thermal boundary layer (TBL) instabilities associated with lithospheric delamination and formation of thermochemical plumes. In this study, we explored the instability of two-layer thermochemical fluid using two different techniques: marginal stability analysis with a propagator-matrix method and finite element modelling. We investigated both the instabilities in lithospheric mantle (i.e. lithospheric instability) and the mantle above the CMB (i.e. plume-forming instability) using a background temperature Tbg(z) with the TBL. For lithospheric instability, we found that two-layer fluid with free-slip boundary conditions mainly undergoes the same three different convective modes (i.e. two oscillatory convection modes and one layered convection regime) as that with no-slip boundary conditions reported in Jaupart et al. However, with free-slip boundary conditions, the transitions between these convection modes occur at larger values of buoyancy number B. Free-slip boundary conditions lead to smaller critical Rayleigh number Rac, but larger convective wavelength and oscillation frequency ωc, compared with those with no-slip boundary conditions. Our numerical modelling results demonstrate that Rac and ωc predicted from the classical marginal stability analyses using Tbg(z) with TBL temperature may have significant errors when the oscillatory period is comparable with or larger than the timescale of lithospheric thermal diffusion that causes Tbg(z) to vary with time significantly. In this case, using a more gently sloped background temperature profile ignoring the TBL temperature, the stability analysis predicts more accurate stability conditions, thus presenting an effective remedy to the stability analysis. For plume-forming instability, because of the reduced viscosity in the hot and compositionally dense bottom layer, the transition to the layered convection occurs at significantly smaller B values, and in the oscillatory convection regime, Rac is larger but ωc is smaller, compared with those for lithospheric instability. Finally, our study provides a successful benchmark of numerical models of thermochemical convection by comparing Rac and ωc from numerical models with those from the marginal stability analysis.
Impact of Seton Use on Clinical, Patient-Reported, and Healthcare Resource Utilization Outcomes in Complex Crohn’s Perianal Fistulas: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: White Ian , Karki Chitra , Geransar Parnia , Leisle Lilia , Junker Sophia , Fleshner Phillip 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Optimal treatment strategies for seton use in patients with Crohn’s perianal fistulas (CPF) remain elusive. This systematic literature review aimed to summarize clinical, patient-reported, and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) outcomes associated with seton use for symptomatic relief and treatment of complex CPF.

Methods
Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, EBM Reviews, EconLit) were searched. Titles, abstracts, and relevant full texts were screened by 2 reviewers for inclusion using prespecified PICOS-T criteria. Articles published in English between January 1, 1980 and September 6, 2021 were included; animal/in vitro studies and case reports with &lt;5 patients were excluded. Outcomes of interest included rates of complete response/remission and fistula recurrence in patients receiving seton with/without infliximab or biologics. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics.

Results
Overall, 56 studies were included (full texts: n = 43; congress abstracts: n = 13). CPF and clinical outcome definitions were heterogeneous. Rates (range) of complete response/remission varied widely (seton: 13%-75%; seton + infliximab: 23%-100%; seton + biologics: 23%-59%) as did rates for fistula recurrence (seton: 4%-68%; seton + infliximab: 0%-50%; seton + biologics: 0%-17%). Rates of fistula-related reintervention, new fistula or abscess formation, and abscess recurrence were also varied; more consistency was observed regarding the use of patient-reported outcomes. Few studies reported outcomes from pediatric/adolescent patients or HCRU.

Conclusions
Optimal use of seton in patients with CPF remains unclear. International standardization of definitions for CPF and related clinical outcomes are required to permit data comparability and identify the most effective treatment strategies involving seton use in CPF.
Community structure and environmental drivers of offshore hard-bottom reef fishes in the northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Klibansky Nikolai , Craig J Kevin , Campbell Matthew D 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Understanding patterns in community structure in large marine ecosystems is necessary for advancing community- and ecosystem-based approaches to marine fisheries management. We analyzed data from a large-scale, fishery-independent video survey to quantify the structure of reef fish communities on offshore hard-bottom reef habitats in the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM). A novel aspect of this work is that all species visualized on videos were identified and enumerated over a 13-year period, which allowed for a comprehensive analysis of fish community structure. We observed a total of 243 fish species from 54 families and 14 orders. Species richness and biodiversity varied considerably across the nGOM and were highest in regions that harbor extensive coral reef habitat (south Florida, Louisiana-Texas shelf). Multivariate analyses identified 12 species assemblages, with important fishery species and species of concern (i.e. IUCN-listed) occurring in the largest identified assemblages. One assemblage composed mostly of large-bodied fishery species accounted for 45% by number and 89% by weight of all fish observed. Species assemblages were most strongly associated with depth, temperature, and substrate composition, with weaker associations with the amount of attached algae and vertical relief, while species richness was positively correlated with bottom water temperature. In general, large-scale bathymetric and hydrographic factors (e.g. depth, temperature) were more important than local topographic structure and biogenic habitat in structuring reef fish communities at the spatial scales (i.e.1000 km) considered here. Our results advance ecosystem-based approaches to fisheries management by providing a basis for incorporating multispecies spatial dynamics into the monitoring and assessment of hard-bottom reef fish communities in the nGOM.
A higher order multiscale method for the wave equation
Authors: Krumbiegel Felix , Maier Roland 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper we propose a multiscale method for the acoustic wave equation in highly oscillatory media. We use a higher order extension of the localized orthogonal decomposition method combined with a higher order time stepping scheme and present rigorous a priori error estimates in the energy-induced norm. We find that in the very general setting without additional assumptions on the coefficient beyond boundedness arbitrary orders of convergence cannot be expected, but that increasing the polynomial degree may still considerably reduce the size of the error. Under additional regularity assumptions higher orders can be obtained as well. Numerical examples are presented that confirm the theoretical results.
Deapi-platycodin D3 attenuates osteoarthritis development via suppression of PTP1B
Authors: Liu Liangliang , Yao Zihao , Zhang Haiyan , Wu Chunyu , Guo Xiongtian , Lin Yongzhi , Zhang Hongbo , Zeng Chun , Bai Xiaochun , Cai Daozhang , Lai Pinglin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Dysregulated chondrocyte metabolism is an essential risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA) progression. Maintaining cartilage homeostasis represents a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of OA. However, no effective disease-modifying therapy is currently available to OA patients. To discover potential novel drugs for OA, we screened a small-molecule natural product drug library and identified deapi-platycodin D3 (D-PDD3), which was subsequently tested for its effect on extracellular matrix (ECM) properties and on OA progression. We found that D-PDD3 promoted the generation of ECM components in cultured chondrocytes and cartilage explants and that intra-articular injection of D-PDD3 delayed disease progression in a trauma-induced mouse model of OA. To uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms supporting these observed functions of D-PDD3, we explored the targets of D-PDD3 via screening approach integrating surface plasmon resonance with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The results suggested that D-PDD3 targeted tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 (PTP1B), deletion of which restored chondrocyte homeostasis and markedly attenuated destabilization of the medial meniscus induced OA. Further cellular and molecular analyses showed that D-PDD3 maintained cartilage homeostasis by directly binding to PTP1B and consequently suppressing the PKM2/AMPK pathway. These findings demonstrated that D-PDD3 was a potential therapeutic drug for the treatment of OA and that PTP1B served as a protein target for the development of drugs to treat OA. This study provided significant insights into the development of therapeutics for OA treatment, which, in turn, helped to improve the quality of life of OA patients and to reduce the health and economic burden.
The Public Interest in Environmental Decision-Making: A Pragmatist Turn
Authors: Pieraccini Margherita 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study is concerned with a central question in administrative law, as well as environmental law; that is, how to conceptualise and determine the public interest in complex contexts where decisions concern collective action problems, involve multiple actors, cross-temporal and spatial scales, and occur under conditions of knowledge uncertainty. Here, it is argued against the use of trade-offs in the determination of the public interest in these contexts because trade-offs involve epistemological simplifications and de-contextualise interests dismissing the nature of knowledge as a situated and dynamic collective practice. To concretise the critique, the EU Habitats Directive’s site protection management provisions are relied on as an example where decisions in the public interest are underpinned by a problematic trade-off logic. To move beyond trade-offs, the article introduces Dewey’s thought. More precisely, it is argued that Dewey’s deliberative pragmatism presents a cogent conceptualisation of the public interest, and thereby constitutes a first intellectual step to overcome the key limitations of a trade-off logic in determining the public interest in environmental decision-making.
The Biological Weapons Amendment to the ICC Statute and National Provisions
Authors: de Vries Barry 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
After a contentious path, the amendment incorporating biological weapons into Article 8 of the ICC Statute was finally adopted in 2017. Since then, 18 states have ratified the amendment. This article examines the amendment in light of national provisions addressing the use of biological weapons in armed conflict. By discussing the national provisions before and after the amendment, it is possible to determine the effect of the amendment on subsequent national provisions. Combined with an analysis of states’ rationale for adopting relevant legislation, it is possible to assess the impact on state practice and consequently understand the significance of adopting an amendment to the ICC Statute and incorporating it into national legislation for the development or confirmation of customary international law. The lessons learned in the process could be applied to other existing or future amendments.
A single-institution retrospective study of comprehensive genomic profiling tests based on C-CAT findings for advanced solid cancers
Authors: Takeuchi Susumu , Yoshimura Akinobu , Sofuni Atsushi , Ueda Yuri , Umezu Tomohiro , Kuroda Masahiko , Sukeda Aoi , Matsubayashi Jun , Nagao Toshitaka , Bingo Masato , Inagaki Natsuko , Ohira Tatsuo , Seike Masahiro , Ikeda Norihiko 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
In recent years, as the availability of precision therapies expands, there is increasing reliance on genomic profiling assays to help identify the most appropriate treatment options for patients with advanced cancers. We retrospectively investigated the results of comprehensive genomic profiling tests from the time insurance coverage began until recently and examined the status of genetic analysis.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the analysis results of 300 patients with advanced solid tumors who consented to comprehensive genomic profiling tests from October 2019 to December 2022.

Results
Of the 300 patients who underwent comprehensive genomic profiling tests, analysis results for 274 patients were obtained, and were reviewed by the Clinical Genome Expert Panel. Six specimens (2%) were discontinued due to patient deaths and deteriorations in general condition. The three most frequently occurring actionable genomic alterations observed were TP53 (47.4%), KRAS (28.1%) and CDKN2A (20.4%). The most common druggable variant was CDKN2A, which was noted in 52 (19%) of 274 patients. The next most common were PIK3CA, BRAF, KRAS and PTEN. The cancer types that showed a greater median number of actionable alterations comprised thyroid cancer, pancreatic cancer and colorectal cancer.

Conclusions
In conclusion, comprehensive genomic profiling tests have the potential to be valuable in identifying genomic abnormalities. Even if there is no effective treatment at present, it may lead to a treatment in the future. Comprehensive genomic profiling tests should be considered for any cancer.
Laboratory maintenance and care of Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and other Triatominae
Authors: Sutcliffe Alice C , Dotson Ellen M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) are hematophagous insects that transmit Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent for Chagas disease, to humans and other mammals. As medically important vectors, species such as Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) have long been used as a model organism for physiological studies. Laboratory rearing of triatomines is needed to support vector and parasite research. Many environmental conditions, such as suitable housing containers, light source and duration, temperature, humidity, and density, must be addressed when adapting triatomines from a natural habitat for artificial rearing to create conditions for optimal growth and survival. Food source is also an important factor, as triatomines are considered the obligate blood feeders. Parasites and pathogens present risks not only for triatomines but also for the laboratorians handling them. Equipping an insectary space should apply best practices to ensure community, personnel, and insect health. Various triatomine colonies have been maintained in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Entomology Branch insectary for over 25 years and have more recently been made available to the research community through the Biodefense and Emerging Infections Research Resources Repository (BEI Resources). The CDC Rhodnius prolixus genome has been characterized and thus represents an opportunity for continued model organism research. In addition to fulfilling requests for live triatomines, inquiries are received for support in establishing new and troubleshooting existing laboratory colonies. To accompany the extensive MR4 manual, Methods in Anopheles Research, procedures for triatomine husbandry have been developed and are shared here to address the aforementioned topics.
Literacy training vs. psychological inoculation? Explicating and comparing the effects of predominantly informational and predominantly motivational interventions on the processing of health statistics
Authors: Kuru Ozan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Communicating statistics is challenging and fraught with mis-contextualization and causal misattributions. Can we train the public against statistical misrepresentations? Pre-emptive interventions against misinformation primarily include literacy tips/training and inoculation. In theory, inoculation has an additional motivational component (forewarning). However, forewarning has not been directly tested against literacy interventions, calling into question inoculation’s distinction. We critique the theoretical boundary work and compare these informational and motivational interventions in the context of health statistics. The longitudinal experiment compared the effects of interventions on processing accurate and inaccurate statistics about COVID-19 vaccines and/or genetically modified organisms across digital platforms. Both interventions prevented an elevation in risk perceptions following exposure to statistical misinformation at a later time. However, literacy intervention increased risk perceptions following exposure to accurate statistics too, suggesting an additional benefit of forewarning. Those with high levels of pre-existing misinformation concern exhibited inoculation effects more strongly. We discuss the theoretical, empirical, and practical implications.
Factors influencing sexual interest in postmenopausal Asian women
Authors: Wong Li Ping , Cora Cunningham , Andrew Lee Leslie , Faisal Abang Muhammad Dailami Abang , Hasbi Atiqah Sarah , Puujaa Elanggovan , Alias Haridah , Moli Othayamoorthy Then , Premitha Damodaran , Tan Kit Mun , Lee Wan Ling , Shayesteh Jahanfar , Adlan Aizura Syafinaz Ahmad 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The sexual interest of postmenopausal women is a crucial aspect of their overall well-being. Despite its importance, factors influencing postmenopausal sexual interest, particularly in Asian women, remain understudied and poorly understood.

Aims
To investigate the various factors influencing sexual interest in postmenopausal women in Malaysia.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted of postmenopausal women attending a gynecology or primary care clinic in a teaching hospital in Malaysia.

Outcomes
We investigated how interpersonal dynamics and cultural norms—including the physical and mental health of women and their partners, as well as their sexual values—affect menopausal sexual interest as measured by the Menopausal Sexual Interest Questionnaire.

Results
Women in the study reported an average sexual interest, with a mean score of 32.8 (SD, 9.4) out of 70 on the Menopausal Sexual Interest Questionnaire. Multivariable analysis results showed that higher personal sexual values (odds ratio [OR], 2.65; 95% CI, 1.26-5.61) and spousal sexual values (OR, 2.68; 95% CI, 1.22-5.86) were significantly associated with higher menopausal sexual interest. There was a positive correlation between the physical fitness of spouses and menopausal sexual interest, with women who rated their spouses as very fit or fit (OR, 3.22; 95% CI, 1.15-9.00) or moderately fit (OR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.05-6.63) showing higher menopausal sexual interest as compared with those whose spouses were very unfit or unfit. Women with normal stress levels (OR, 5.89; 95% CI, 1.03-33.62) and mild to moderate stress levels (OR, 8.13; 95% CI, 1.53-43.22) reported higher menopausal sexual interest.

Clinical Implications
This study emphasizes a holistic approach to postmenopausal sexual health, highlighting the significance of promoting positive sexual values, improving physical fitness, and managing stress. Health care providers should educate, counsel, and collaborate interdisciplinarily, ensuring culturally sensitive care tailored to individual needs.

Strength and Limitations
The study’s strength lies in its provision of valuable insights into factors affecting sexual interest among postmenopausal Asian women, enhancing comprehension of holistic sexual health approaches. However, reliance on self-assessments may introduce response bias influenced by social desirability, and limited generalizability stems from single-site data collection.

Conclusion
Our study highlights the significance of adopting a holistic approach to addressing sexual health in postmenopausal women, which includes promoting positive sexual values, improving physical fitness, and managing stress.
Domēnikos Theotokopoulos’s Arte Moderna alla Greca
Authors: Barber Charles 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter is focused upon the written legacy of Domēnikos Theotokopoulos (El Greco). His extensive annotations to his copies of Vasari’s and Vitruvius’s major works provide a rich resource for understanding his arts. In particular, they give significant insights into Theotokopoulos’s desire to reclaim the value of the maniera greca that had been cast aside at the very foundation of this Vasarian history. In seeking to build an alternative model for art and its history, Theotokopoulos sought to remember and to reclaim what he identified as a Greek understanding of art and to propose it as an alternative ground for a new art.
Hippocampal-dependent Memory Impairment and the Western Diet
Authors: Davidson Terry L. , Riley Anthony L. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The present chapter presents the hypothesis, along with supporting behavioral, neurochemical, and neuroanatomical evidence, that dysregulated eating leading to obesity and dysregulated drug intake leading to addiction may result, in part, from the disruption in hippocampal-dependent processes normally involved in the regulation of food intake and drug consumption. The processes which underlie the ability of respective food and drug satiety to serve as contexts that inhibit retrieval of food and drug reward memories involved in food and drug regulation may become disrupted by neural damage of the hippocampus resulting from high-fat, high-sugar diets and drugs of abuse. Findings that similar hippocampal pathophysiologies are produced by both obesity-promoting Western diets and by drugs of abuse suggest that one way to prevent energy intake and drug intake dysregulation is to identify interventions that can protect the hippocampus from the harmful effects of both energy-dense foods and addictive drugs.
Food Addiction and Treatment of Eating Disorders
Authors: Munguía Lucero , Camacho-Barcia Lucía , Jiménez-Murcia Susana , Fernández-Aranda Fernándo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
High rates of food addiction (FA) have been found with eating disorders (ED), especially in those EDs that are related with binge behaviors, such as binge eating disorder (BED) and bulimia nervosa (BN). Factors like personality traits, emotional regulation, and impulsivity have been mentioned as possible key common determinants of this comorbidity. As well, the presence of FA is associated with an increase in the severity in ED symptoms and higher general psychopathology and distress. Even with this close relationship, there is still no specific treatment aimed to decrease FA in the context of ED; however, it has been suggested that the FA presence may influence treatment response in ED. In the present chapter we aim to explore deeper both the common variables between FA and ED and its association with treatment outcome, to finally suggest which constructs may be taken into account to design an integrative treatment approach.