bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly gate-tuneable Rashba spin-orbit interaction in a gate-all-around InAs nanowire metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor
Authors: Takase K. , Ashikawa Y. , Zhang G. , Tateno K. , Sasaki S. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIII-V semiconductors have been intensively studied with the goal of realizing metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) with high mobility, a high on-off ratio, and low power consumption as next-generation transistors designed to replace current Si technology. Of these semiconductors, a narrow band-gap semiconductor InAs has strong Rashba spin-orbit interaction, thus making it advantageous in terms of both high field-effect transistor (FET) performance and efficient spin control. Here we report a high-performance InAs nanowire MOSFET with a gate-all-around (GAA) structure, where we simultaneously control the spin precession using the Rashba interaction. Our FET has a high on-off ratio (104~106) and a high field-effect mobility (1200 cm2/Vs) and both values are comparable to those of previously reported nanowire FETs. Simultaneously, GAA geometry combined with high- κ dielectric enables the creation of a large and uniform coaxial electric field (>107 V/m), thereby achieving highly controllable Rashba coupling (1 × 10−11 eVm within a gate-voltage swing of 1 V), i.e. an operation voltage one order of magnitude smaller than those of back-gated nanowire MOSFETs. Our demonstration of high FET performance and spin controllability offers a new way of realizing low-power consumption nanoscale spin MOSFETs.
Magnetic moment of inertia within the torque-torque correlation model
Authors: Thonig Danny , Eriksson Olle , Pereiro Manuel 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAn essential property of magnetic devices is the relaxation rate in magnetic switching which strongly depends on the energy dissipation. This is described by the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation and the well known damping parameter, which has been shown to be reproduced from quantum mechanical calculations. Recently the importance of inertia phenomena have been discussed for magnetisation dynamics. This magnetic counterpart to the well-known inertia of Newtonian mechanics, represents a research field that so far has received only limited attention. We present and elaborate here on a theoretical model for calculating the magnetic moment of inertia based on the torque-torque correlation model. Particularly, the method has been applied to bulk itinerant magnets and we show that numerical values are comparable with recent experimental measurements. The theoretical analysis shows that even though the moment of inertia and damping are produced by the spin-orbit coupling, and the expression for them have common features, they are caused by very different electronic structure mechanisms. We propose ways to utilise this in order to tune the inertia experimentally, and to find materials with significant inertia dynamics.
Stemness and differentiation potential-recovery effects of sinapic acid against ultraviolet-A-induced damage through the regulation of p38 MAPK and NF-κB
Authors: Hwang Young Sun , Park See-Hyoung , Kang Mingyeong , Oh Sae Woong , Jung Kwangseon , Park Yong Seek , Lee Jongsung 
Published: April 2017

AbstractUltraviolet A (UVA) irradiation exerts negative effects on stemness and differentiation potential of stem cells. This study aimed to explore the effect of sinapic acid on UVA-irradiation-induced damages to stemness and differentiation potential of human-adipose-tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) and its UVA-antagonist mechanisms. Sinapic acid attenuated UVA-induced reduction in the proliferative potential and stemness by upregulating OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG. In addition, sinapic acid significantly recovered UVA-induced reduction in expression level of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. The antagonist effect of sinapic acid against stemness damage was mediated by reduceing PGE2 production through inhibition of p38 MAPK and NF-κB. Moreover, sinapic acid attenuated UVA-induced reduction in differentiation potential by downregulating the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and Kruppel-like factor (KLF) 2 gene while activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). UVA-induced inhibition of adipogenic differentiation was mediated by reducing MIF production through suppression of NF-κB. Taken together, these findings suggest that sinapic acid may ameliorate UVA-irradiation-induced reduced stemness and differentiation potential of hAMSCs. Therefore, sinapic acid might have potential as an antagonist agent to attenuate damages caused by UVA.
Ketogenic diet attenuates hepatopathy in mouse model of respiratory chain complex III deficiency caused by a Bcs1l mutation
Authors: Purhonen Janne , Rajendran Jayasimman , Mörgelin Matthias , Uusi-Rauva Kristiina , Katayama Shintaro , Krjutskov Kaarel , Einarsdottir Elisabet , Velagapudi Vidya , Kere Juha , Jauhiainen Matti , Fellman Vineta , Kallijärvi Jukka 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMitochondrial disorders are among the most prevalent inborn errors of metabolism but largely lack treatments and have poor outcomes. High-fat, low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets (KDs) have shown beneficial effects in mouse models of mitochondrial myopathies, with induction of mitochondrial biogenesis as the suggested main mechanism. We fed KD to mice with respiratory chain complex III (CIII) deficiency and progressive hepatopathy due to mutated BCS1L, a CIII assembly factor. The mutant mice became persistently ketotic and tolerated the KD for up to 11 weeks. Liver disease progression was attenuated by KD as shown by delayed fibrosis, reduced cell death, inhibition of hepatic progenitor cell response and stellate cell activation, and normalization of liver enzyme activities. Despite no clear signs of increased mitochondrial biogenesis in the liver, CIII assembly and activity were improved and mitochondrial morphology in hepatocytes normalized. Induction of hepatic glutathione transferase genes and elevated total glutathione level were normalized by KD. Histological findings and transcriptome changes indicated modulation of liver macrophage populations by the mutation and the diet. These results reveal a striking beneficial hepatic response to KD in mice with mitochondrial hepatopathy and warrant further investigations of dietary modification in the management of these conditions in patients.
Antiviral activities of Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. against enterovirus 71 in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Chen Sin-Guang , Cheng Mei-Ling , Chen Kuan-Hsing , Horng Jim-Tong , Liu Ching-Chuan , Wang Shih-Min , Sakurai Hiroaki , Leu Yann-Lii , Wang Shulhn-Der , Ho Hung-Yao 
Published: April 2017

AbstractNo effective drug is currently available for treatment of enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection. Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. (ST) has been used as a herbal constituent of traditional Chinese medicine. We studied whether the aqueous extract of Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq (STE) has antiviral activity. STE inhibited replication of EV71, as evident by its ability to diminish plaque formation and cytopathic effect induced by EV71, and to inhibit the synthesis of viral RNA and protein. Moreover, daily single-dose STE treatment significantly improved the survival of EV71-infected mice, and ameliorated the symptoms. Mechanistically, STE exerts multiple effects on enteroviral infection. Treatment with STE reduced viral attachment and entry; the cleavage of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 G (eIF4G) by EV71 protease, 2Apro; virus-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation; and relocation of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. It was accompanied by a decline in EV71-associated hyperphosphorylation of p38 kinase and EPS15. It is plausible that STE may inhibit ROS-induced p38 kinase activation, and subsequent hnRNP A1 relocation and EPS15-mediated membrane trafficking in infected cells. These findings suggest that STE possesses anti-EV71 activities, and may serve as health food or candidate antiviral drug for protection against EV71.
TestSTORM: Versatile simulator software for multimodal super-resolution localization fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Novák Tibor , Gajdos Tamás , Sinkó József , Szabó Gábor , Erdélyi Miklós 
Published: April 2017

AbstractOptimization of sample, imaging and data processing parameters is an essential task in localization based super-resolution microscopy, where the final image quality strongly depends on the imaging of single isolated fluorescent molecules. A computational solution that uses a simulator software for the generation of test data stacks was proposed, developed and tested. The implemented advanced physical models such as scalar and vector based point spread functions, polarization sensitive detection, drift, spectral crosstalk, structured background etc., made the simulation results more realistic and helped us interpret the final super-resolved images and distinguish between real structures and imaging artefacts.
Endothelial cell malignancies: new insights from the laboratory and clinic
Authors: Wagner Michael J. , Ravi Vinod , Menter David G. , Sood Anil K. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractEndothelial cell malignancies are rare in the Western world and range from intermediate grade hemangioendothelioma to Kaposi sarcoma to aggressive high-grade angiosarcoma that metastasize early and have a high rate of mortality. These malignancies are associated with dysregulation of normal endothelial cell signaling pathways, including the vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin, and Notch pathways. Discoveries over the past two decades related to mechanisms of angiogenesis have led to the development of many drugs that intuitively would be promising therapeutic candidates for these endothelial-derived tumors. However, clinical efficacy of such drugs has been limited. New insights into the mechanisms that lead to dysregulated angiogenesis such as mutation or amplification in known angiogenesis related genes, viral infection, and chromosomal translocations have improved our understanding of the pathogenesis of endothelial malignancies and how they evade anti-angiogenesis drugs. In this review, we describe the major molecular alterations in endothelial cell malignancies and consider emerging opportunities for improving therapeutic efficacy against these rare but deadly tumors.
High-coverage methylation data of a gene model before and after DNA damage and homologous repair
Authors: Pezone Antonio , Russo Giusi , Tramontano Alfonso , Florio Ermanno , Scala Giovanni , Landi Rosaria , Zuchegna Candida , Romano Antonella , Chiariotti Lorenzo , Muller Mark T. , Gottesman Max E. , Porcellini Antonio , Avvedimento Enrico V. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractGenome-wide methylation analysis is limited by its low coverage and the inability to detect single variants below 10%. Quantitative analysis provides accurate information on the extent of methylation of single CpG dinucleotide, but it does not measure the actual polymorphism of the methylation profiles of single molecules. To understand the polymorphism of DNA methylation and to decode the methylation signatures before and after DNA damage and repair, we have deep sequenced in bisulfite-treated DNA a reporter gene undergoing site-specific DNA damage and homologous repair. In this paper, we provide information on the data generation, the rationale for the experiments and the type of assays used, such as cytofluorimetry and immunoblot data derived during a previous work published in Scientific Reports, describing the methylation and expression changes of a model gene (GFP) before and after formation of a double-strand break and repair by homologous-recombination or non-homologous-end-joining. These data provide: 1) a reference for the analysis of methylation polymorphism at selected loci in complex cell populations; 2) a platform and the tools to compare transcription and methylation profiles.
Diffraction data of core-shell nanoparticles from an X-ray free electron laser
Authors: Li Xuanxuan , Chiu Chun-Ya , Wang Hsiang-Ju , Kassemeyer Stephan , Botha Sabine , Shoeman Robert L. , Lawrence Robert M. , Kupitz Christopher , Kirian Richard , James Daniel , Wang Dingjie , Nelson Garrett , Messerschmidt Marc , Boutet Sébastien , Williams Garth J. , Hartmann Elisabeth , Jafarpour Aliakbar , Foucar Lutz M. , Barty Anton , Chapman Henry , Liang Mengning , Menzel Andreas , Wang Fenglin , Basu Shibom , Fromme Raimund , Doak R. Bruce , Fromme Petra , Weierstall Uwe , Huang Michael H. , Spence John C. H. , Schlichting Ilme , Hogue Brenda G. , Liu Haiguang 
Published: April 2017

AbstractX-ray free-electron lasers provide novel opportunities to conduct single particle analysis on nanoscale particles. Coherent diffractive imaging experiments were performed at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Laboratory, exposing single inorganic core-shell nanoparticles to femtosecond hard-X-ray pulses. Each facetted nanoparticle consisted of a crystalline gold core and a differently shaped palladium shell. Scattered intensities were observed up to about 7 nm resolution. Analysis of the scattering patterns revealed the size distribution of the samples, which is consistent with that obtained from direct real-space imaging by electron microscopy. Scattering patterns resulting from single particles were selected and compiled into a dataset which can be valuable for algorithm developments in single particle scattering research.
A distribution and taxonomic reference dataset of Geranium in the New World
Authors: Aedo Carlos , Pando Francisco 
Published: April 2017

AbstractGeranium L. is a genus of over 350 species distributed throughout most of the world, except in lowland tropical areas. It is the largest genus of the Geraniaceae and is represented in the New World by 137 species. This dataset includes 8,937 records that covers the genus Geranium the New World, providing an updated, taxonomically consistent and a sound geographical distribution of the 137 species of Geranium in America. Specimens from 128 herbaria were reviewed. These were supplemented by others collected during nine field trips, which allowed better knowledge of the variability of characters within populations, and refining species distribution ranges. Each record represents a specimen that has been reviewed and in some cases collected by C. Aedo. Accepted scientific name, locality details, distribution status (introduced, native, naturalized, uncertain), geographic coordinates are given for 8,538 (95%) records, and habitat information for 3,952 (44%). All data have been released under a CC-BY license in a standardized format, which enables easy integration with other data, for example through GBIF.org.
Catestatin-A Novel Predictor of Left Ventricular Remodeling After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Zhu Dan , Xie Hong , Wang Xinyu , Liang Ying , Yu Haiyi , Gao Wei 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCatestatin was discovered as a potent inhibitor of catecholamine secretion and plays important roles in the cardiovascular system. Our previous study demonstrates a close relationship between catestatin levels and prognosis of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Using the same population, the goal of this study is to investigate the ability of catestatin to predict left ventricular (LV) remodeling in STEMI patients. 72 patients and 30 controls were included. Catestatin was sampled after admission to the emergency room (ER), at day3 (D3), and day7 (D7) after STEMI. Echocardiography was performed at D3 and after 65 months for evaluation of LVEDD, EF, IVS, LVPW, E, A, E’, E/A, and E/E’. The changes of these parameters from D3 to 65 months were used to reflect the changes of ventricular structure and function. We found that plasma catestatin levels at D3 were highly correlated with the changes of LVEDD, EF, E, A, E’, E/A, as well as E/E’. Patients with higher catestatin levels developed worse ventricular function during the follow-up period. Single-point catestatin was effective to predict LVEDD change. And concurrently increasing catestatin and NT-proBNP levels predicted the highest risk of LV remodeling. This study suggests an important prognostic information of catestatin on LV remodeling.
Cretaceous origin of the unique prey-capture apparatus in mega-diverse genus: stem lineage of Steninae rove beetles discovered in Burmese amber
Authors: Żyła Dagmara , Yamamoto Shûhei , Wolf-Schwenninger Karin , Solodovnikov Alexey 
Published: April 2017

AbstractStenusis the largest genus of rove beetles and the second largest among animals. Its evolutionary success was associated with the adhesive labial prey-capture apparatus, a unique apomorphy of that genus. DefiniteStenuswith prey-capture apparatus are known from the Cenozoic fossils, while the age and early evolution of Steninae was hardly ever hypothesized. Our study of several Cretaceous Burmese amber inclusions revealed a stem lineage of Steninae that possibly possesses theStenus-like prey-capture apparatus. Phylogenetic analysis of extinct and extant taxa of Steninae and putatively allied subfamilies of Staphylinidae with parsimony and Bayesian approaches resolved the Burmese amber lineage as a member of Steninae. It justified the description of a new extinct stenine genusFestenuswith two new species,F. robustusandF. gracilis. The Late Cretaceous age ofFestenussuggests an early origin of prey-capture apparatus in Steninae that, perhaps, drove the evolution towards the crownStenus. Our analysis confirmed the well-established sister relationships between Steninae and Euaesthetinae and resolved Scydmaeninae as their next closest relative, the latter having no stable position in recent phylogenetic studies of rove beetles. Close affiliation of Megalopsidiinae, a subfamily often considered as a sister group to Euaesthetinae + Steninae clade, is rejected.
Synthesis of Chrysogeside B from Halotolerant Fungus Penicillium and Its Antimicrobial Activities Evaluation
Authors: Liu Ruiquan , Wang Lei , Li Qibo , Liao Min , Yang Zhikun , Huang Yun , Lv Cong , Zheng Bing , Zhong Jiangchun , Bian Qinghua , Wang Min , Liu Shangzhong 
Published: April 2017

AbstractChrysogeside B, a natural cerebroside, was efficiently synthesized from commercial feedstocks. The bioassays showed that compounds 4, 5 and 6 exhibited enhanced biological activities compared Chrysogeside B. Further studies revealed that free hydroxyl groups and glycosidic bond have significant impact on the antimicrobial activities. The synthesis of Chrysogeside B and analogues designed to allow identification of the features of this glycolipid required for recognition by tested bacteria and Hela cells is described.
Unexpected increase in the oxidation capacity of the urban atmosphere of Madrid, Spain
Authors: Saiz-Lopez A. , Borge R. , Notario A. , Adame J. A. , Paz D. de la , Querol X. , Artíñano B. , Gómez-Moreno F. J. , Cuevas C. A. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAtmospheric oxidants such as ozone (O3), hydroxyl and nitrate radicals (OH and NO3) determine the ability of the urban atmosphere to process organic and inorganic pollutants, which have an impact on air quality, environmental health and climate. Madrid city has experienced an increase of 30–40% in ambient air O3 levels, along with a decrease of 20–40% in NO2, from 2007 to 2014. Using air pollution observations and a high-resolution air quality model, we find a large concentration increase of up to 70% and 90% in OH and NO3, respectively, in downtown Madrid (domain-wide average increase of 10% and 32% for OH and NO3, respectively). The results also show an 11% reduction in the nitric acid concentrations, leading to a remarkable denoxification of this urban atmosphere with implications for lower PM2.5 levels and nitrogen input into ecosystems. This study suggests that projected worldwide NOx emission reductions, following air quality standards, will lead to important changes in the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere in and around large cities.
Protein malnutrition promotes dysregulation of molecules involved in T cell migration in the thymus of mice infected with Leishmania infantum
Authors: Losada-Barragán Monica , Umaña-Pérez Adriana , Cuervo-Escobar Sergio , Berbert Luiz Ricardo , Porrozzi Renato , Morgado Fernanda N. , Mendes-da-Cruz Daniella Areas , Savino Wilson , Sánchez-Gómez Myriam , Cuervo Patricia 
Published: April 2017

AbstractProtein malnutrition, the most deleterious cause of malnutrition in developing countries, has been considered a primary risk factor for the development of clinical visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Protein malnutrition and infection with Leishmania infantum leads to lymphoid tissue disorganization, including changes in cellularity and lymphocyte subpopulations in the thymus and spleen. Here we report that protein malnutrition modifies thymic chemotactic factors by diminishing the CCL5, CXCL12, IGF1, CXCL9 and CXCL10 protein levels in infected animals. Nevertheless, T cells preserve their migratory capability, as they were able to migrate ex vivo in response to chemotactic stimuli, indicating that malnutrition may compromise the thymic microenvironment and alter in vivo thymocyte migration. Decrease in chemotactic factors protein levels was accompanied by an early increase in the parasite load of the spleen. These results suggest that the precondition of malnutrition is affecting the cell-mediated immune response to L. infantum by altering T cell migration and interfering with the capacity of protein-deprived animals to control parasite spreading and proliferation. Our data provide evidence for a disturbance of T lymphocyte migration involving both central and peripheral T-cells, which likely contribute to the pathophysiology of VL that occurs in malnourished individuals.
Oxidative stress causes hypertension and activation of nuclear factor-κB after high-fructose and salt treatments
Authors: Dornas Waleska C. , Cardoso Leonardo M. , Silva Maísa , Machado Natália L. S. , Chianca- Deoclécio A. , Alzamora Andréia C. , Lima Wanderson G. , Lagente Vincent , Silva Marcelo E. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThere is evidence that diets rich in salt or simple sugars as fructose are associated with abnormalities in blood pressure regulation. However, the mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of salt- and fructose-induced kidney damage and/or consequent hypertension yet remain largely unexplored. Here, we tested the role of oxidative state as an essential factor along with high salt and fructose treatment in causing hypertension. Fischer male rats were supplemented with a high-fructose diet (20% in water) for 20 weeks and maintained on high-salt diet (8%) associate in the last 10 weeks. Fructose-fed rats exhibited a salt-dependent hypertension accompanied by decrease in renal superoxide dismutase activity, which is the first footprint of antioxidant inactivation by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Metabolic changes and the hypertensive effect of the combined fructose-salt diet (20 weeks) were markedly reversed by a superoxide scavenger, Tempol (10 mg/kg, gavage); moreover, Tempol (50 mM) potentially reduced ROS production and abolished nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation in human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells incubated with L-fructose (30 mM) and NaCl (500 mosmol/kg added). Taken together, our data suggested a possible role of oxygen radicals and ROS-induced activation of NF-κB in the fructose- and salt-induced hypertension associated with the progression of the renal disease.