bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological resilience in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome: effect of involvement of major salivary and lacrimal glands
Authors: Sevimli Esra , Günay Seda , Aliyeva Alida , Aksoy Burcu , Fortune Farida , Inanc Nevsun , Mumcu Gonca 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess whether the involvement of major salivary and lacrimal glands in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) affected the psychological resilience of patients. This cross‐sectional study included 116 patients with pSS. Data were collected through clinical examinations, measurement of salivary flow rates (SFRs), and from Schirmer's test, as well as from patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs), such as the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) Sjögren's Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI), Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI), Oral Health Impact Profile‐14 (OHIP‐14), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Hyposalivation was defined as an unstimulated SFR of ≤0.1 mL/min. The BRS score (mean ± SD = 2.60 ± 0.69) was lower in patients with recurrent parotitis (2.11 ± 0.37) than in those without recurrent parotitis (2.67 ± 0.86), in the whole group. In patients with an unacceptable symptom state (ESSPRI score ≥ 5 points), a lower BRS score was observed in patients with both hyposalivation and ocular dryness (2.59 ± 0.69) than in patients with isolated hyposalivation (2.84 ± 0.84). The BRS score was also negatively associated with the WPAI‐Daily Impairment and OHIP‐14 scores in patients with hyposalivation as well as with HADS‐A (the seven items of HADS relating to the anxiety dimension) and HADS‐D (the seven items of HADS relating to the depression dimension) in the whole group. The results suggest that psychological resilience in pSS may be affected by recurrent parotitis, the levels of anxiety and depression, as well as hyposalivation with ocular dryness.
Factors That Influence Access to Medical Assistance in Dying Services: An Integrative Review
Authors: Hewitt Jayne , Wilson Michael , Bonner Ann , Bloomer Melissa J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn nearly all jurisdictions where it is permitted, Medical Assistance in Dying is situated in a healthcare system. Currently, limited evidence demonstrates how supply and demand factors influence access to Medical Assistance in Dying.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to synthesise empirical research from jurisdictions where Medical Assistance in Dying is legal to identify how supply and demand factors influence access for eligible adults.MethodAn integrative review was conducted. CINAHL Complete, PubMed, ProQuest, PsycINFO and Embase databases were systematically searched for studies published between January 1998 and January 2024. Records were independently assessed against inclusion and exclusion criteria. Additional studies were identified by forward and backward citation searching. All studies were assessed for quality. Findings were analysed deductively using an established conceptual framework, and a secondary narrative synthesis was undertaken.ResultsFifty‐eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies (n = 32) reported results related to the supply side, 16 reported on the demand side and 10 reported on both supply and demand dimensions of access. Studies about supply showed that health service policies may obstruct access to Medical Assistance in Dying. For healthcare professionals, the practice entails an additional workload and can create tensions with colleagues. Studies of the demand for Medical Assistance in Dying focused on supporting time‐critical decisions, adequate planning and caregiver support.ConclusionAccess to Medical Assistance in Dying requires the participation of health services and healthcare professionals but is hindered by policies that obstruct access and direct financial and indirect emotional labour costs. Innovative and inclusive models to promote high‐quality, compassionate care at the end of life and access to Medical Assistance in Dying should be considered.Patient or Public ContributionPatients, caregivers and service users were involved in many of the studies included in this review, and their experiences and perspectives contributed to the analysis and synthesis in this review.
Oral Health Status at Age 60 and 72 Years—A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Critén Sladjana , Andersson Pia , Renvert Stefan , Götrick Bengt , Berglund Johan Sanmartin , Bengtsson Viveca Wallin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study investigated oral health status in 60‐year‐old individuals over 12 years.Materials and MethodsData were obtained from The Swedish National Study on Aging and Care (SNAC). One hundred nineteen 60‐year‐old individuals (48% females) underwent a clinical and radiographic baseline examination (2001–2003) and follow‐up examination in 2013–2015. For statistical analyses, paired t‐tests and McNemar's test were performed. Statistical significance was determined at p < 0.05.ResultsAt the 12‐year follow‐up, the mean number of teeth and the proportion of individuals having ≥ 20 teeth decreased (p < 0.001). The mean number of teeth with buccal/lingual and approximal caries lesions increased (p < 0.029 and p < 0.031). Individuals with a distance from the cement‐enamel junction to the bone of ≥ 5 mm increased in total (p < 0.002) and in males (p < 0.006). The prevalence of gingivitis increased in total (p < 0.001). The prevalence of periodontitis showed a significant increase in total (p < 0.043) and in females (p < 0.039).ConclusionThe present study indicates that oral health status in 60‐year‐old individuals deteriorates over 12 years. However, the deteriorations were minor in terms of tooth loss, caries lesions, and changes in periodontal status.
Pharmacotherapy for patients with calcium oxalate stones and abnormal urine chemistry: A systematic review and meta‐analysis for the Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Urinary Stones, Third Edition
Authors: Kohjimoto Yasuo , Iba Akinori , Yamashita Shimpei , Higuchi Masatoshi , Deguchi Ryusuke , Chikazawa Ippei , Hinotsu Shiro , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Miyazawa Katsuhito , Hara Isao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to evaluate the benefits and harms of pharmacotherapies for patients with calcium oxalate stones and abnormal urine chemistry. This article is a modified and detailed version of the commentary on Clinical Question 10 described in the Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Urinary Stones, Third Edition. PubMed and Ichushi Web were searched through August 2020 for articles on pharmacotherapies for calcium oxalate stones (thiazides, citrate preparations, uric acid production inhibitors, and magnesium preparations). Two reviewers independently selected randomized controlled trials reporting reduction of stone recurrence and adverse drug reactions as outcomes and performed data extraction and quality assessment. Meta‐analyses with random effects models and rating of the strength of evidence were performed. Pharmacotherapies were shown to significantly reduce stone recurrence (risk ratio 0.47, 95% confidence interval 0.35–0.63). Meanwhile, the pharmacotherapies increased adverse drug reactions leading to study dropout (risk ratio 2.51, 95% confidence interval 1.09–5.75) and adverse drug reactions/adverse events (risk ratio 1.95, 95% confidence interval 1.07–3.56). The reported adverse drug reactions were, however, mainly minor and did not frequently require discontinuation of medication (2%–16%). The strengths of evidence for both outcomes were rated as moderate, because the risk of bias, indirectness, inconsistency, imprecision, and publication bias were all serious except for one item. The overall strength of evidence across outcomes was therefore determined to be moderate. These results support the conditional recommendation to initiate pharmacotherapies for patients with calcium oxalate stones and abnormal urine chemistry.
Iodine‐125 low–dose rate prostate brachytherapy
Authors: Minami Takafumi , Fujimoto Saizo , Fujita Kazutoshi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRobotic‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and intensity‐modulated radiation therapy are the most common radical treatments for localized prostate cancer, and brachytherapy (BT) also plays a role in this field. Iodine‐125 (I‐125) low–dose rate (LDR) prostate BT is an established treatment. However, it remains controversial. Specifically, there are a variety of issues, such as indications for combined treatment with external beam radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy, prostate‐specific antigen follow‐up, the significance of postimplant biopsy, the usefulness of salvage BT and focal therapy, reduction of toxicities, and bladder cancer after BT. In this review, we summarize the recent developments in I‐125 LDR BT.
A rising star involved in tumour immunity: Lactylation
Authors: Zhang Xu , Liang Changming , Wu Chengwei , Wan Senlin , Xu Lishuai , Wang Song , Wang Jiawei , Huang Xiaoxu , Xu Li 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn recent years, continuous exploration worldwide has revealed that some metabolites produced during cellular and tissue metabolism can act as signalling molecules to exert different effects on the human body. These metabolites may act as cofactors for proteases or as post‐translational modifications linked to proteins. Lactate, a traditional metabolite, is found at high levels in the tumour microenvironment (TME). Many studies have shown that lactate influences tumorigenesis and development via different mechanisms, not only through the metabolic reprogramming of tumours but also through its significant impact on tumour immunity. Previously, tumour cells were reported to use glucose and glutamine to fuel lactate metabolism; however, lactate serves not only as an energy source for tumour cells but also as a precursor substance needed for the post‐translational modification of proteins. Recent studies identified a novel form of epigenetic modification, lactate‐mediated histone lysine lactylation (Kla) and demonstrated that histone lactylation directly stimulates chromatin after gene transcription; consequently, lactylation has become a popular research topic in recent years. This article focuses on the research progress and application prospects of lactylation in the context of tumour immunity.
Early effect of a financial incentive for surgeries within 48 h after hip fracture on the number of expedited hip fracture surgeries, in‐hospital mortality, perioperative morbidity, length of stay and inpatient medical expenses
Authors: Minato Kenta , Kunisawa Susumu , Imanaka Yuichi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the early effects of the financial incentive (FI) implemented in April 2022 in Japan for surgeries within 48 h after hip fracture (HF) in patients aged 75 and older on expedited HF surgery (EHFS), in‐hospital mortality, perioperative morbidity, length of stay (LOS) and inpatient medical expenses (IMEs).Study Setting and DesignWe conducted a quasi‐experimental study and constructed segmented regression models for controlled interrupted time‐series analyses, assuming a Poisson distribution, to evaluate the slope changes (SCs) in the outcomes of interest before and after the introduction of the FI.Data Sources and Analytic SampleWe used Diagnosis Procedure Combination data from the Quality Indicator/Improvement Project database between 1 April 2018 and 31 March 2023. Patients aged 50 years or older who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of HF and underwent surgery for HF were included.Principal FindingsA total of 82,163 patients from 183 hospitals were included in the analyses. In the age group of 75 years and older, increasing trends in the number of EHFSs were observed even before the introduction of the FI, while before and after the introduction of the FI, none of the SCs in the monthly number of EHFSs within 2 days, within 1 day, and on the day of admission were statistically significant (incident rate ratio: 1.0043, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.9977–1.0111], 1.0068 [0.9987–1.0149], 1.0073 [0.9930–1.0219]). Nor were any of the SCs in in‐hospital deaths, perioperative complications, LOS, and IMEs statistically significant. Additionally, there were no statistical differences in the SCs for any of the outcomes between the two age groups.ConclusionThis study suggested that there was no significant, short‐term effect of the FI for surgeries within 48 h after HF on any of the outcomes of interest.
A framework for a low‐cost system of automated gate control in assays of spatial cognition in fishes
Authors: Lucks Valerie , Theine Jens , Arteaga Avendaño Maria Paula , Engelmann Jacob 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAutomation of experimental setups is a promising direction in behavioral research because it can facilitate the acquisition of data while increasing its repeatability and reliability. For example, research in spatial cognition can benefit from automated control by systematic manipulation of sensory cues and more efficient execution of training procedures. However, commercial solutions are often costly, restricted to specific platforms, and mainly focused on the automation of data acquisition, stimulus presentation, and reward delivery. Animal welfare considerations as well as experimental demands may require automating the access of an animal or animals to the experimental arena. Here, we provide and test a low‐cost, versatile Raspberry Pi‐based solution for such use cases. We provide four application scenarios of varying complexities, based on our research of spatial orientation and navigation in weakly electric fish, with step‐by‐step protocols for the control of gates in the experimental setups. This easy‐to‐implement, platform‐independent approach can be adapted to various experimental needs, including closed‐loop as well as field experiments. As such, it can contribute to the optimization and standardization of experiments in a variety of species, thereby enhancing the comparability of data.
Commodity tail risk and equity risk premia
Authors: Lu Zhenyu , Jiang Ying , Liu Xiaoquan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe explore the asset pricing implication of the commodity tail risk, constructed by aggregating individual commodity's exposure to left‐tail realizations of systematic risks, in cross‐sectional stock returns. Using Chinese data from 2005 to 2022, we find that the risk‐adjusted return differential between extreme portfolios is highly significant at 1.39% per month. The economic rationale is that a high level of commodity tail risk signals adverse economic conditions, and stocks that hedge the tail risk offer a low premium. Our findings highlight the informational role of commodity futures prices and the link between commodity and equity markets in China.
Experimental Research of the Drying Behavior of White Cabbage Leaves With Three Different Geometries in a Wind Energy‐Assisted Hybrid Hot Air Dryer
Authors: Aslan Volkan , Atalay Halil 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, the performance of a wind energy‐supported hybrid hot air dryer was examined experimentally. Wind energy provided overall electrical energy needed for the activation of the dryer. In the experiments, the drying behavior of white cabbage leaves with the same surface area and three different geometries: circle, rectangle, and square cross‐section was examined using three different constant temperatures (50°C, 60°C, and 70°C), and two different constant air speeds (0.5 and 1 m/s). The main purpose of using different geometries during the drying process was to determine the optimum cross‐section and working parameters for white cabbage leaves. The based aim of the study was to contribute to both increasing the energy efficiency of processes that cause high energy consumption, such as drying, and ensuring their continuity throughout the four seasons, by using a clean renewable energy source such as wind. Consequent the experiments, it was seen that the drying time decreased by approximately 52.63% and the energy consumption reduced by approximately 47.9% with the increase in temperature and air speed in rectangular‐sectioned cabbages compared to other geometries. In addition, in the longest‐term experiment, a maximum of 40% of the stored energy was used. This revealed that the developed hybrid system has approximately 52.5% higher energy efficiency than other drying units supporting with PV panels and also provides an average at the rate of 45% advantage in terms of product drying time.
Analyzing the scope and effectiveness of business‐level circularity indicators
Authors: Urain Idoia , Eguren José Alberto , Mendoza Joan Manuel F. , Justel Daniel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractResearch on circular economy (CE) reveals that companies have a large number of indicators at the microeconomic level. However, their scope is limited, as they lack sufficient knowledge to apply them effectively. This is due to the difficulty of obtaining the necessary information and the weak connection with the functions of companies' functional areas. Knowing that organizations evolve over time, not only in terms of strategy development but also in terms of leadership, innovation, and structure, it is necessary for indicators to adapt to these needs. This study aims to analyze the impact of indicators on CE strategies and solutions, life cycle stages, and industrial functional areas, considering the Basque Country in Spain as a case study. For this purpose, a literature review has been carried out identifying applicable indicators and a study on the indicators that BC companies use on a daily basis. The analysis found that 67% of the indicators only consider a CE strategy and solution, while only 2.5% impact all life cycle stages. Additionally, it was found that the use of indicators in companies does not provide a global and holistic view of CE. This highlights the need to develop a new model of indicators that responds to the needs of companies.
What meta‐research has taught us about research and changes to research practices
Authors: Ioannidis John P. A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMeta‐research has become increasingly popular and has provided interesting insights on what can go well and what can go wrong with research practices and scientific studies. Many stakeholders are taking actions to try to solve problems and biases identified through meta‐research. However, very often there is little or no evidence that specific recommendations and actions may actually lead to improvements and a favorable benefit‐harm ratio. The current commentary offers an eclectic overview of what we have learned from meta‐research efforts (mostly observational, but also some quasi‐experimental and experimental work) and what the implications of this evidence may be for changing research practices. Areas discussed include the study (and differentiation) of genuine effects and biases, fraud (including the impact of new technologies), peer review, replication and reproducibility checks, transparency indicators, and the interface of research practices with reward systems. Meta‐research has offered on all of these fronts empirical evidence that sometimes pertains even to large effects of extreme biases. Continued surveys of research practices and results may offer timely updates of the status of research and its biases, as these may change markedly over time. Meta‐research should be seen as part of research, not separate from it, in their concurrent evolution.
Time‐Consistent Individuals, Time‐Inconsistent Households
Authors: HERTZBERG ANDREW 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTI present a model of consumption and savings for a multiperson household in which members are imperfectly altruistic, derive utility from both private and shared public goods, and share wealth. I show that, despite having standard exponential time preferences, the household is time‐inconsistent: Members save too little and overspend on private consumption goods. The household remains time‐inconsistent even when members save separately, because the possibility of voluntary transfers or joint contribution to the public good preserves the dynamic commons problem. The household will choose to share wealth when the risk‐sharing benefits outweigh the utility cost of overconsumption.
Age‐discrepant marriages and educational assortative mating in urban China: The exchange of youth for status
Authors: Wang Yu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigates youth–status exchange in urban China, a country rooted in traditional gender roles and gendered mate selection preferences.BackgroundStatus exchange operates as a mechanism through which social boundaries are crossed in intermarriage. In contrast to the extensive research on marital exchanges involving ascribed traits and achieved characteristics, limited attention has been paid to youth–status exchange.MethodUsing data from the 2003 to 2021 Chinese General Survey, this study operationalizes the youth–status exchange as age–education exchange, employing log‐linear models to examine the exchange patterns and trends by controlling for marginal differences and confounding trends.ResultsThe findings reveal robust gender‐asymmetric youth–education exchange patterns in urban China from 1981 to 2021. Women show strong evidence of trading their youth for their spouse's education, whereas men exhibit resistance to the exchange. The strength of exchange between women's youth and men's education increased noticeably for the 2010–2021 marriage cohort. Additionally, men's delayed marriage intensifies the exchange between women's youth and men's education, consistent with men's preference for women with “fixed ideal age.”ConclusionPersistent patriarchal ideals and traditional gender roles in urban China valorize women's youth while devaluing their achieved status, thereby promoting the exchange between women's youth and men's status. This exchange also serves as a mobility channel for young women to secure more advantageous marriages.
Oropharyngeal dysphagia impact of pneumonia risk in neurological patients receiving enteral tube feeding: Insights from a gastroenterologist
Authors: Lin Tai‐Han , Lee Jiunn‐Tay , Yang Chih‐Wei , Chang Wei‐Kuo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundOropharyngeal dysphagia is prevalent among neurological patients, often necessitating enteral tube feeding with a nasogastric tube (NGT) or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). These patients are at significant risk of developing aspiration pneumonia. This study aimed to assess the impact of oropharyngeal dysphagia on pneumonia risk requiring hospitalization in neurological patients on long‐term enteral tube feeding.MethodsThis retrospective observational study was conducted between 2015 and 2022. It included neurological patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy combined with a Modified Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (mFEES) for suspect dysphagia, characterized by difficulty or discomfort in swallowing. Participants were either orally fed or had been on long‐term enteral tube feeding via NGT or PEG. A 2‐year follow‐up was conducted to monitor pneumonia cases requiring hospitalization. Multivariate analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for pneumonia requiring hospitalization.Key ResultsA total of 226 orally fed and 152 enteral tube‐fed patients were enrolled. Multivariate analyses showed a significantly increased risk of pneumonia in patients with a history of pneumonia and those receiving enteral tube feeding. Subgroup analysis indicated a significantly lower risk of pneumonia among enteral tube‐fed patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia who PEG‐fed patients compared to NGT‐fed patients (adjusted HR: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.10–0.44, p < 0.001). The cumulative incidence of pneumonia requiring hospitalization was significantly lower in the PEG group than in the NGT group (p < 0.001).ConclusionmFEES could be a screening tool for oropharyngeal dysphagia. PEG is preferred over NGT for long‐term enteral feeding, as it significantly reduces the risk of pneumonia requiring hospitalization, especially in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia.