bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
II3V2 (II: Zn, Cd; V: P, As) Semiconductors: From Bulk Solids to Colloidal Nanocrystals
Authors: Glassy Benjamin A. , Cossairt Brandi M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractII3V2 semiconductors have become increasingly popular for a variety of applications including solar light harvesting, near‐IR imaging, and low energy light detection. The bulk physical and electronic structure of these materials is highlighted, followed by an in‐depth survey on progress in synthesizing these semiconductors as colloidal nanocrystals. Interestingly, no universal synthetic approach has yet been developed to access all compounds within this family. A discussion on how the complex crystal structure of these materials translates to small domain sizes will highlight current challenges in the characterization of II3V2 nanocrystals. Finally, potential avenues for further research will be proposed as a way to advance this field towards greater utilization in light harvesting applications.
Analysis of reactive power strategies in HVDC‐connected wind power plant clusters
Authors: Schönleber Kevin , Ratés‐Palau Sergi , Gomis‐Bellmunt Oriol 
Published: August 2017

AbstractOffshore wind power plants (WPPs) built near each other but far from shore usually connect to the main grid by a common high‐voltage DC (HVDC) transmission system. In the resulting decoupled offshore grid, the wind turbine converters and the high‐voltage DC voltage‐source converter share the ability to inject or absorb reactive power. The overall reactive power control dispatch influences the power flows in the grid and hence the associated power losses. This paper evaluates the respective power losses in HVDC‐connected WPP clusters when applying 5 different reactive power control strategies. The case study is made for a 1.2‐GW–rated cluster comprising 3 WPP and is implemented in a combined load flow and converter loss model. A large set of feasible operating points for the system is analyzed for each strategy. The results show that a selection of simulations with equal wind speeds is sufficient for the annual energy production comparison. It is found that the continuous operation of the WPPs with unity power factor has a superior performance with low communication requirements compared with the other conventional strategies. The optimization‐based strategy, which is developed in this article, allows a further reduction of losses mainly because of the higher offshore grid voltage level imposed by the high‐voltage DC voltage‐source converter. Reactive power control in HVDC‐connected WPP clusters change significantly the overall power losses of the system, which depend rather on the total sum of the injected active power than on the variance of wind speeds inside the cluster.
Reducing diacetyl production of wine by overexpressingBDH1andBDH2inSaccharomyces uvarum
Authors: Li Ping , Guo Xuewu , Shi Tingting , Hu Zhihui , Chen Yefu , Du Liping , Xiao Dongguang 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAs a byproduct of yeast valine metabolism during fermentation, diacetyl can produce a buttery aroma in wine. However, high diacetyl concentrations generate an aromatic off-flavor and poor quality in wine. 2,3-Butanediol dehydrogenase encoded by BDH1 can catalyze the two reactions of acetoin from diacetyl and 2,3-butanediol from acetoin. BDH2 is a gene adjacent to BDH1, and these genes are regulated reciprocally. In this study, BDH1 and BDH2 were overexpressed in Saccharomyces uvarum to reduce the diacetyl production of wine either individually or in combination. Compared with those in the host strain WY1, the diacetyl concentrations in the recombinant strains WY1-1 with overexpressed BDH1, WY1-2 with overexpressed BDH2 alone, and WY1-12 with co-overexpressed BDH1 and BDH2 were decreased by 39.87, 33.42, and 46.71%, respectively. BDH2 was only responsible for converting diacetyl into acetoin, but not for the metabolic pathway of acetoin to 2,3-butanediol in S. uvarum. This study provided valuable insights into diacetyl reduction in wine.
Preparation and Characterization of Camelina sativa Protein Isolates and Mucilage
Authors: Sarv Viive , Trass Olev , Diosady Levente L. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractProcesses for the production of protein isolates from camerlina Camelina sativa were developed by modifying the procedure used for other seeds from the Brassicaceae family, such as rapeseed and mustard. The procedure consisted of defatting the seed followed by alkaline extraction at pH 11, ultra‐ and diafiltration using a 5‐kDa membrane, isolelectric precipitation of the proteins at pH 5 and recovery of the acid soluble protein isolates (SPI) after further filtration and drying. Protein yields as precipitated protein isolate and SPI were 10.7 and 11.4%, containing 67 and 42%, respectively. Due to the high concentration of mucilage in camelina, a water‐to‐seed ratio of 30 had to be used for protein extraction from the hexane‐defatted seed and most of the mucilage had to be removed prior to the defatting process. A rapid mucilage extraction process using water at 55 °C was developed. Camelina mucilage absorbs water and oil. Viscosity measurements of dried and redissolved mucilage showed the highest values at natural pH, and the viscosity increased rapidly above 1% solids concentration. It may be a useful product in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Prescribing Pattern for Parkinson’s Disease in Indian Community before Referral to Tertiary Center
Authors: Surathi Pratibha , Kamble Nitish , Bhalsing Ketaki Swapnil , Yadav Ravi , Pal Pramod Kumar 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackground: Several factors determine the choice of medications in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). We aimed to analyze the pattern of prescription of drugs in patients with PD before attending a tertiary-care center. Methods: The study included chart review of 800 PD patients attending the Department of Neurology of the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences in Bangalore, India. Results: The mean age at onset was 51.1±11.8 years. The mean duration of illness was 41.7±43.6 months. At first visit, 79.4% (group 1, n=635) of patients were on medications, 10% (group 2, n=80) were on medications but later discontinued, and 10.6% (group 3, n=85) were drug-naïve. Overall, levodopa was prescribed in 94.8%, trihexyphenidyl in 40.4%, dopamine agonists in 23.2%, and amantadine in 17.2% either as monotherapy or in combination. In group 1, 37.8% were on monotherapy, with levodopa being the most commonly used agent (33.1%), followed by trihexyphenidyl (2.2%), dopamine agonists (1.6%), and amantadine (0.6%). Among those on polytherapy, levodopa plus trihexyphenidyl was the preferred combination (23.9%). In group 2, levodopa monotherapy was also most common (72.5%), followed by trihexyphenidyl monotherapy (7.5%). Conclusions: Levodopa and trihexyphenidyl were the most commonly prescribed drugs in our patients. A higher use of trihexyphenidyl could be due to its easy availability, low cost, and better tolerability in our patients, who were relatively young at the time of onset of their disease. The choice of antiparkinsonian medications at the primary and secondary care levels in India may be inappropriate, and newer guidelines tailored to the Indian context are warranted.
Thrust generation from pitching foils with flexible trailing edge flaps
Authors: David M. Jimreeves , Govardhan R. N. , Arakeri J. H. 
Published: August 2017

In the present experimental study, we investigate thrust production from a pitching flexible foil in a uniform flow. The flexible foils studied comprise a rigid foil in the front (chord length $c_{R}$) that is pitched sinusoidally at a frequency $f$, with a flexible flap of length $c_{F}$ and flexural rigidity $EI$ attached to its trailing edge. We investigate thrust generation for a range of flexural rigidities ($EI$) and flap length to total chord ratio ($c_{F}/c$), with the mean thrust ($\overline{C_{T}}$) and the efficiency of thrust generation ($\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}$) being directly measured in each case. The thrust in the rigid foil cases, as expected, is found to be primarily due to the normal force on the rigid foil ($\overline{C_{TN}}$) with the chordwise or axial thrust contribution ($\overline{C_{TA}}$) being small and negative. In contrast, in the flexible foil cases, the axial contribution to thrust becomes important. We find that using a non-dimensional flexural rigidity parameter ($R^{\ast }$) defined as $R^{\ast }=EI/(0.5\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}U^{2}c_{F}^{3})$ appears to combine the independent effects of variations in $EI$ and $c_{F}/c$ at a given value of the reduced frequency ($k=\unicode[STIX]{x03C0}fc/U$) for the range of $c_{F}/c$ values studied here ($U$ is free-stream velocity; $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}$ is fluid density). At $k\approx 6$, the peak mean thrust coefficient is found to be about 100 % higher than the rigid foil thrust, and occurs at $R^{\ast }$ value of approximately 8, while the peak efficiency is found to be approximately 300 % higher than the rigid foil efficiency and occurs at a distinctly different $R^{\ast }$ value of close to 0.01. Corresponding to these two optimal flexural rigidity parameter values, we find two distinct flap deflection shapes; the peak thrust corresponding to a mode 1 type simple bending of the flap with no inflection points, while the peak efficiency corresponds to a distinctly different deflection profile having an inflection point along the flap. The peak thrust condition is found to be close to the ‘resonance’ condition for the first mode natural frequency of the flexible flap in still water. In both these optimal cases, we find that it is the axial contribution to thrust that dominates ($\overline{C_{TA}}\gg \overline{C_{TN}}$), in contrast to the rigid foil case. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements for the flexible cases show significant differences in the strength and arrangement of the wake vortices in these two cases.
Human and Dog Consumption of Fish on the Lower Ob River of Siberia: Evidence for a Major Freshwater Reservoir Effect at the Ust’-Polui Site
Authors: Losey Robert J , Fleming Lacey S , Nomokonova Tatiana , Gusev Andrei V , Fedorova Natalia V , Garvie-Lok Sandra , Bachura Olga P , Kosintsev Pavel A , Sablin Mikhail V 
Published: August 2017

AbstractUst’-Polui is one of the most extensively studied archaeological sites in the western Siberian Arctic. New radiocarbon (14C) dates for charcoal, faunal remains, bark, hide, and human bone from this site are presented. When modeled, the charcoal dates span from ~260 BC to 140 AD, overlapping with the dendrochronology dates from the site. These dates also overlap with the expected age of the site based on artefact typology. 14C dates on reindeer bone have a slightly younger modeled age range, from ~110 BC to 350 AD. In contrast, dates on the site’s numerous dog remains, and on human and fish bone, all predate these modeled age ranges by over 500 years, despite being from the same deposits. Several sets of paired dates demonstrate significant age differences. Bone dates with lower δ13C values tend to be over 500 years older than those with higher δ13C values. Stable isotope data for the humans, dogs, and other faunal remains are also presented. These data suggest the dogs and the humans were regularly consuming freshwater fish. The dogs were probably fed fish by their human counterparts. Overall, the dog and human dietary patterns at Ust’-Polui created 14C dates biased with major freshwater reservoir effects.
Entrepreneurship in the textbook business in modern East Asia: Kinkōdō of Meiji Japan and the Commercial Press of early twentieth-century China
Authors: So Billy K.L. , So Sufumi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis article compares the ways in which two major textbook publishers in East Asia – namely Kinkōdō in Meiji Japan and the Commercial Press in early twentieth-century China – practised the Western model of corporations to build a new kind of publishing business in their respective societies, which were undergoing significant transformation. The study suggests that, although the use of the model could imply global business convergence, its transplantation process was largely shaped by entrepreneurs who negotiated the Western model as an alternative newly opened to them and brought to light variant forms of practice tailored to serve their own aspirations in corporate directions such as industrial integration and ownership structure. The two cases present two distinct patterns of developing a new textbook publishing business under the same corporation model.
MAPPING MATACANELA: THE COMPLEMENTARY WORK OF LIDAR AND TOPOGRAPHICAL SURVEY IN SOUTHERN VERACRUZ, MEXICO
Authors: Venter Marcie L. , Shields Carl R. , Cuevas Ordóñez Mauricio Damián 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe systematically compare methods used for topographical mapping of the archaeological site of Matacanela, located in the Tuxtla Mountains of Veracruz. Specifically, we compare the results of ArcMap 10.2–processed, publically accessible LiDAR-derived data, collected and distributed for no charge by the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) in Mexico–with the results of traditional topographical mapping, undertaken using a Sokkia total station. These INEGI data are coarse-grained in comparison to many of the pay-for-service LiDAR datasets that have been generated for Mesoamerican sites and regions, such as Caracol (Chase et al. 2011, 2012, 2014), Izapa (Rosenswig et al. 2013), and Tres Zapotes (Loughlin et al. 2016). Here, we consider the two approaches and the type and quality of data achieved by each, as well as the benefits and drawbacks of using either approach alone. We strongly encourage scholars working in Mexico to avail themselves of these data whenever appropriate.
Using a Systems-Based Risk Score Approach to Examine Genetic	Predisposition to Novelty Seeking
Authors: Conner Bradley T. , Hellemann Gerhard S. , Demianczyk Abigail C. , Ritchie Terry , Noble Ernest P. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Previous research is mixed regarding the relation between dopamine and Novelty Seeking. The goals of the current study were to support the hypotheses that Novelty Seeking is associated with dopamine genes and that modeling genetic risk score increases the utility of genetic information in hypothesis-driven research. The results showed that higher hypodopaminergic genetic risk score positively predicted higher Novelty Seeking score, F(1, 115) = 5.76, p < .01, R2 = 0.06. The findings support study hypotheses and, in combination with previous studies, show the utility of empirically validated system-based risk scores as a means of modeling genetic predisposition in neurobiological systems. This approach provides a mechanism for incorporating genetic predisposition into theory-driven multivariate etiological models of psychological constructs such as personality and mental illness.
Cardamonin induces ROS-mediated G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis through inhibition of NF-κB pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Li Yuting , Qin You , Yang Chensu , Zhang Haibo , Li Yong , Wu Bian , Huang Jing , Zhou Xiaoshu , Huang Bo , Yang Kunyu , Wu Gang 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCardamonin has been demonstrated to have an inhibitory effect in many cancers, but its underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we studied, for the first time, the mechanism of cardamonin-induced nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell death both in vitro and in vivo. In our study, we showed that cardamonin inhibited cancer cell growth by inducing G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via accumulation of ROS. NF-κB activation was involved in breaking cellular redox homeostasis. Therefore, our results provided new insight into the mechanism of the antitumor effect of cardamonin, supporting cardamonin as a prospective therapeutic drug in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by modulating intracellular redox balance.
The Gcn4 transcription factor reduces protein synthesis capacity and extends yeast lifespan
Authors: Mittal Nitish , Guimaraes Joao C. , Gross Thomas , Schmidt Alexander , Vina-Vilaseca Arnau , Nedialkova Danny D. , Aeschimann Florian , Leidel Sebastian A. , Spang Anne , Zavolan Mihaela 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn Saccharomyces cerevisiae, deletion of large ribosomal subunit protein-encoding genes increases the replicative lifespan in a Gcn4-dependent manner. However, how Gcn4, a key transcriptional activator of amino acid biosynthesis genes, increases lifespan, is unknown. Here we show that Gcn4 acts as a repressor of protein synthesis. By analyzing the messenger RNA and protein abundance, ribosome occupancy and protein synthesis rate in various yeast strains, we demonstrate that Gcn4 is sufficient to reduce protein synthesis and increase yeast lifespan. Chromatin immunoprecipitation reveals Gcn4 binding not only at genes that are activated, but also at genes, some encoding ribosomal proteins, that are repressed upon Gcn4 overexpression. The promoters of repressed genes contain Rap1 binding motifs. Our data suggest that Gcn4 is a central regulator of protein synthesis under multiple perturbations, including ribosomal protein gene deletions, calorie restriction, and rapamycin treatment, and provide an explanation for its role in longevity and stress response.
Reconstructing cell cycle and disease progression using deep learning
Authors: Eulenberg Philipp , Köhler Niklas , Blasi Thomas , Filby Andrew , Carpenter Anne E. , Rees Paul , Theis Fabian J. , Wolf F. Alexander 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe show that deep convolutional neural networks combined with nonlinear dimension reduction enable reconstructing biological processes based on raw image data. We demonstrate this by reconstructing the cell cycle of Jurkat cells and disease progression in diabetic retinopathy. In further analysis of Jurkat cells, we detect and separate a subpopulation of dead cells in an unsupervised manner and, in classifying discrete cell cycle stages, we reach a sixfold reduction in error rate compared to a recent approach based on boosting on image features. In contrast to previous methods, deep learning based predictions are fast enough for on-the-fly analysis in an imaging flow cytometer.
Environmental stress is the major cause of transcriptomic and proteomic changes in GM and non-GM plants
Authors: Batista Rita , Fonseca Cátia , Planchon Sébastien , Negrão Sónia , Renaut Jenny , Oliveira M. Margarida 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe approval of genetically modified (GM) crops is preceded by years of intensive research to demonstrate safety to humans and environment. We recently showed that in vitro culture stress is the major factor influencing proteomic differences of GM vs. non-GM plants. This made us question the number of generations needed to erase such “memory”. We also wondered about the relevance of alterations promoted by transgenesis as compared to environment-induced ones. Here we followed three rice lines (1-control, 1-transgenic and 1-negative segregant) throughout eight generations after transgenesis combining proteomics and transcriptomics, and further analyzed their response to salinity stress on the F6 generation. Our results show that: (a) differences promoted during genetic modification are mainly short-term physiological changes, attenuating throughout generations, and (b) environmental stress may cause far more proteomic/transcriptomic alterations than transgenesis. Based on our data, we question what is really relevant in risk assessment design for GM food crops.
Pleomorphic bacteria-like structures in human blood represent non-living membrane vesicles and protein particles
Authors: Martel Jan , Wu Cheng-Yeu , Huang Pei-Rong , Cheng Wei-Yun , Young John D. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAlthough human blood is believed to be a sterile environment, recent studies suggest that pleomorphic bacteria exist in the blood of healthy humans. These studies have led to the development of “live-blood analysis,” a technique used by alternative medicine practitioners to diagnose various human conditions, including allergies, cancer, cardiovascular disease and septicemia. We show here that bacteria-like vesicles and refringent particles form in healthy human blood observed under dark-field microscopy. These structures gradually increase in number during incubation and show morphologies reminiscent of cells undergoing division. Based on lipid analysis and Western blotting, we show that the bacteria-like entities consist of membrane vesicles containing serum and exosome proteins, including albumin, fetuin-A, apolipoprotein-A1, alkaline phosphatase, TNFR1 and CD63. In contrast, the refringent particles represent protein aggregates that contain several blood proteins. 16S rDNA PCR analysis reveals the presence of bacterial DNA in incubated blood samples but also in negative controls, indicating that the amplified sequences represent contaminants. These results suggest that the bacteria-like vesicles and refringent particles observed in human blood represent non-living membrane vesicles and protein aggregates derived from blood. The phenomena observed during live-blood analysis are therefore consistent with time-dependent decay of cells and body fluids during incubation ex vivo.
Development of oriC-plasmids for use in Mycoplasma hyorhinis
Authors: Ishag Hassan Z. A. , Xiong Qiyan , Liu Maojun , Feng Zhixin , Shao Guoqing 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMycoplasma hyorhinis (M. hyorhinis) is an opportunistic pig pathogen, belonging to the class Mollicutes. It causes polyserositis, arthritis and cancers in vitro, increasing attention of the researchers. Currently, there is no available genetic tool to manipulate its genome. This study describes a development of oriC-plasmids harboring either large (pGEMT-LoriC) or minimum (pGEMT-MoriC) origin of replication (oriC) of M. hyorhinis along with tetracycline resistance marker.These plasmids were successfully transformed into M. hyorhinis with average transformation frequency of 1.5 × 10−4 and 2.0 × 10−5 transformants/CFU for pGEMT-LoriC and pGEMT-MoriC respectively, and were integrated at the chromosomal oriC as well as remained freely replicating. We also constructed a Mini-oriC-HT1 targeting plasmid by inclusion of hlyC arms and was used to inactivate hlyC at average frequency of 50%. The efficiency of hlyC inactivation was further improved (by 90%) when Mini-oriC-HT2 that contains E. coli recA was used. In both cases, hemolysin mutant bacteria diminished the ability to lyse mouse RBCs compared to wild-type (P < 0.001). OriC-plasmids described in this study may, therefore open the way for functional genomics in M. hyorhinis. Furthermore, this is a first study demonstrated the gene associated with a hemolytic phenotype in mycoplasmas.