bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detectability Simulations of a Near-infrared Surface Biosignature on Proxima Centauri b with Future Space Observatories
Authors: Metz Connor O. , Kiang Nancy Y. , Villanueva Geronimo L. , Parenteau M. N. , Kofman Vincent 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Telescope missions are currently being designed that will make direct imaging of habitable exoplanets possible in the near future, and studies are needed to quantify the detectability of biosignature features in the planet’s reflectance spectrum. We simulated the detectability of a near-infrared-absorbing surface biosignature feature with simulated observations of the nearby exoplanet Proxima Centauri b. We modeled a biosignature spectral feature with a reflectance spectrum based on an anoxygenic photosynthetic bacterial species that has strong absorption at 1 μm, which could make it well suited for life on an M-dwarf-hosted planet. We modeled the distribution of this organism across the planet’s surface based on climate states from a 3D general circulation model (GCM) that were Archean- and Proterozoic-like exo-Earth analogs. We included the GCM states' prognostically simulated water clouds and added organic haze into the Archean-like atmospheres. We simulated observations of these Proxima Centauri b scenarios with the LUVOIR-A and B telescope concepts, with LUVOIR-B serving as a proxy to the planned Habitable Worlds Observatory. We calculated the integration times necessary to detect the biosignature and found that it would be detectable on Proxima Centauri b if the organism is moderately abundant (greater than a 1%–4% global surface area coverage), as long as the atmosphere is transmitting in the wavelength range under consideration. Small amounts of methane, clouds, and haze do not greatly impede detectability. We found preliminary evidence that such a biosignature would be detectable on exoplanets within 15 pc, but further investigations are needed to corroborate this.
Evaluating the Use of Unoccupied Aircraft Systems (UASs) for Planetary Exploration in Mars Analog Terrain
Authors: Carr Brett B. , Varnam Matthew , Hadland Nathan , Shah Jahnavi , Voigt Joana R. C. , Gwizd Samantha , Stack Kathryn M. , Calef Fred , Francis Raymond , Basu Udit , Björnsson Baldur , Chen Colin X. , Dong Elisa , Moersch Jeffrey E. , Phillips Michael , Springer Joshua , Neish Catherine D. , Hamilton Christopher W. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPlanetary analog mission simulations are essential for testing science operations strategies and technologies. They also teach us how to use terrestrial analogs to inform studies of extraterrestrial environments. Unoccupied aircraft systems (UASs) have great potential for planetary surface exploration as demonstrated by the Mars 2020 Ingenuity helicopter and the in-development Dragonfly mission to Saturn’s moon Titan. Although applications of UAS technology for planetary exploration remain largely unexplored, simulated missions in planetary analog terrains can inform operational best practices. As part of the Rover–Aerial Vehicle Exploration Network project, we simulated a 12 sol UAS mission on Mars in the Holuhraun region of Iceland. The UAS had airborne imaging capability, as well as imaging, sampling, and geochemical analysis capabilities while landed. The mission evaluated the use of these instruments and developed operational strategies for using UASs to explore a planetary surface. Oblique airborne images were essential for mission planning and were used to scout large areas to identify both potential landing sites and targets for focused investigations. The airborne and landed data collected by the UAS allowed for detailed observations and interpretations not possible with analog orbital data sets, resulting in an improved scientific return for the simulated UAS mission compared to a premission analysis of only the analog orbital data. As a planetary exploration vehicle, a UAS is most advantageous for exploring large areas (many square kilometers) and is particularly useful when the terrain may be impassable to ground-based traverses (e.g., by rovers or humans).
Phia Ménard et Claire Massonnet : un binôme artiste – administratrice entre travail et intersubjectivité
Authors: Boivineau Pauline , Langeard Chloé 
Published: October 2024

Les métiers relevant de la catégorie des cadres des arts de la scène – les administrateur·rices – restent jusqu’ici peu explorés et par conséquent invisibilisés. De fait, les compagnies comme les directions de lieux labellisés concentrent leur notoriété sur la figure de l’artiste. Si les directeur·rices artistiques définissent les orientations esthétiques de leurs compagnies / structures, les administrateur·rices les inscrivent dans l’économie du spectacle vivant et apparaissent en ce sens comme des piliers de l’organisation. En plaçant la focale sur un tel binôme porteur de la compagnie, il s’agit de repenser la manière dont s’opèrent la division du travail et les rapports de pouvoir autour d’une œuvre en prenant en considération son économie. Dans ce cadre, la collaboration au long cours de Phia Ménard avec Claire Massonnet, administratrice puis codirectrice de la compagnie Non Nova, apparaît comme exemplaire. Il s’agira d’en comprendre la genèse et les ressorts permettant le déploiement fructueux de la compagnie.
« Des choses du tout contraires à leurs sentiments »
Authors: Le Mauff Julien 
Published: October 2024

En repartant d’une phrase issue des Mémoires de Richelieu faisant jouer sentiments du prince et raison d’État, il est proposé de retracer l’histoire du lien entre l’exception souveraine et la manière de concevoir les émotions politiques et princières, depuis la fin du Moyen Âge jusqu’au xviie siècle français. Ainsi, par un retour aux états et rapports sensibles qui fondent la politique, et en suivant l’affirmation progressive de la raison d’État et du divorce entre politique et « conscience », peut être mis en évidence le caractère affectif de l’État baroque, constitué comme sujet émotionnel et souverain.
Glaucoma knowledge and attitudes among diagnosed participants at a Vhembe clinic, South Africa
Authors: Mathiba Masilo C. , Landela Lerato K. , Metsing Thokozile I. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Glaucoma remains a major public health concern worldwide. Most patients are dropping out of care, oblivious to the symptomless nature of glaucoma disease.Aim: This study aimed to investigate glaucoma knowledge and attitudes among those diagnosed with the condition in the Limpopo province (South Africa).Setting: The study was conducted at Elim Hospital in the Vhembe District of the Limpopo province, South Africa.Methods: The design of this study was cross-sectional and quantitative in approach. Those diagnosed with glaucoma and receiving eye care treatment at a district hospital in Limpopo province were purposively selected to participate in the study. Quantitative data on knowledge and attitudes towards glaucoma was collected and analysed using a self-administered questionnaire.Results: Eighty-nine purposively selected glaucoma patients, with an average age of 61.20 ± 14.77 years, participated in the study. Participants had an average knowledge score of 43 ± 20.87, with over 50% demonstrating an understanding of the importance of follow-up care, that treatment can slow the condition, and that the condition can progress rapidly if left untreated. The socio-demographic factors found to be statistically significant in relation to glaucoma knowledge were education and the duration of the condition, with p-values of 0.000 and 0.002, respectively. Concerns regarding the condition were expressed by the majority of participants, totalling 82% (n = 73).Conclusion: Awareness programmes need to be implemented to spread knowledge about the nature of glaucoma and the importance of adherence to treatment among those with low levels of education and newly diagnosed patients.Contribution: Awareness and knowledge regarding glaucoma can assist patients in treatment adherence, alleviation of the disease burden and concerns related to the eventuality of becoming blind.
Serum Apelin Levels and Correlation with illness Severity in Nonobese Patients with Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Pattanaik Rohan , Sahu Pratima Kumari , Mohapatro Monalisa , Patra Jeetendra Kumar , Dhal Nirjharini 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases globally. It is characterized by airflow obstruction that varies markedly, regardless of treatment. It is a type of airway inflammation due to bronchial hyperresponsiveness to a wide range of allergens, leading to excessive, usually reversible, airway narrowing. Asthma occurs more frequently in obese people, and it may be linked to pro-inflammatory adipokines. Apelin, a bioactive peptide belonging to the adipokines group, is identified as an endogenous ligand of an orphan G-protein coupled receptor named Apelin receptor (AR or APJ). Apelin is demonstrated in mature adipocytes and is highly expressed in pulmonary tissue, including bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells and small pulmonary blood vessels.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of serum apelin in adult nonobese patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma cases and compare with healthy volunteers. We also aimed to correlate serum apelin levels with the severity of bronchial asthma.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-two nonobese clinically diagnosed cases of bronchial asthma were included as cases and 66 age, sex, and socio-economic status-matched healthy volunteers as controls. Body mass index of cases and control subjects was calculated by weight (kg) per height (m2). Pulmonary function tests of the cases were done using spirometry. Serum apelin levels were estimated using Abbkine human ELISA-based kit. Statistical analysis was done using Pearson’s correlation test and analysis of variance.

Results:
We recruited 22 nonobese bronchial asthma cases (mean age = 38.2 ± 10.5 years) and 66 matched controls (mean age = 39.5 ± 12.0 years. Majority of the sample were females (n = 19 cases [86.3%], 54 controls [81.8%]). The mean serum apelin levels in cases and controls were 1355.3 ± 781.0 ng/L and 725.9 ± 375.6 ng/L, respectively; this difference was statistically significant (t = 5.053, df = 86, p = 0.001). The mean serum apelin levels in mild and moderate cases of bronchial asthma were 1121.5 ± 535.9 ng/L and 2150.2 ± 1019.1 ng/L, respectively. This difference was also statistically significant (t = 3.06, df = 20, p = 0.01).

Conclusion:
Serum apelin levels differ significantly between adult patients with bronchial asthma and population controls. Further, serum apelin levels differed with illness severity. These findings have important implications for disease management.
Cerebellar Involvement in Dengue Fever
Authors: Chatterjee Rupak , Mukherjee Shatavisa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Dengue fever is a common and important arboviral infection prevalent in tropical countries, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. The clinical spectrum of dengue fever ranges from simple febrile illness to life-threatening complications such as dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Among the many unusual manifestations of this fever, a rare entity is its cerebellar involvement. This report aims to highlight this uncommon presentation.
Cross-sectional Assessment of Body Image Perception, Image Satisfaction, Body Image Discrepancy and Dietary Habits in Medical Students of Ujjain
Authors: Bhujade Rashmi , Sinha Abhinav , Srivastva Anupama , Baghel Anil Singh 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Being judgmental about self-body image and satisfaction or dissatisfaction with one’s own body is a natural phenomenon. If perceived incorrectly can lead to dissatisfaction and negative social, emotional, psychological and physical consequences.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was planned and the data was collected with the help of a semi-structured proforma. Body image perception, image satisfaction, and associated dietary modification were inquired about, and Body Mass Index (BMI) and Body Image Discrepancy Score (BIDS) were calculated. The body image perception of participants was collected with the help of the Figure Rating Scale (FRS).

Results:
χ2 test, kappa statistics, Mann–Whitney test, multinominal regression, and Z-standardization were applied. Few 10% of participants perceived themselves as underweight, 48% as normal weight and 42% as overweight or obese. About 48%, 19%, and 33% of participants were satisfied, neutral and dissatisfied respectively by their perceived body image, and 43% of the participants had modified their diet. A statistically significant association was found between body image perception, image satisfaction, body image discrepancy and gender.

Conclusion:
There was a huge disagreement between perceived and actual body image. Overestimation and underestimation of body image were common in males and females respectively. Misperception of body image might lead to unnecessary dietary modifications resulting in malnutrition and somatoform disorders.
Is Completeness and Timeliness of Public Health Action (PHA) a Robust Tool to Improve the TB Treatment Outcome in the Private Sector?
Authors: Sharma Parul , Solanki Nitin , Vegada Bhavisha 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Public health action (PHA) in tuberculosis (TB) includes six components: doing screening for HIV/diabetes, carrying out drug susceptibility testing, counseling on tobacco, counseling on nutrition, benefits of Nikshay Poshan Yojana, and contact tracing. All the patients notified by the private practitioners (PPs) and missing any of the above components are intervened by the government staff to cover all the above components.

Objectives:
The aim of the article is (1) to assess the timeliness and completeness of PHA and (2) to assess the impact of PHA on the quality of care for TB patients in the private sector.

Methods:
A sequential mixed-method (cross-sectional study followed by qualitative study) study was carried out in the Patan district, North Gujarat for a period of one year. Quantitative data were collected through home visits to patients residing in three randomly selected talukas out of nine talukas in the Patan district. Qualitative data were collected purposively from selected clinics of PPs (including a mix of PP notifying and not notifying TB till saturation is achieved) from the above talukas.

Results:
Out of a total of 176 patients from the private sector, 48 patients took all six components of PHA. Out of them, 98% were cured compared to 82% who did not receive PHA. None of the PP had heard about PHA or its components.

Conclusion:
The Public–private model for TB management needs strengthening. Regular and mandatory training of PPs on the latest TB management guidelines including importance of timely and complete PHA should be carried out.
To Evaluate Structured Competency-Based Curriculum for Health Programs among Community Medicine Postgraduates: Mixed Method Approach
Authors: Kundapur Rashmi , Rashmi Anusha , Mishra Kumar Guru , Rathod Gunvanti , Panda Meely , Bhatia Vikas , Ravikoti Shyamala 
Published: October 2024

Background:
The postgraduate curriculum needs to be given a definite shape so as to make health programs more intensive and integrative. In the present scenario, most of the information is unclear and infrequent. A structured public health competency-based education is an important aspect to consider for integrative health care. Evaluate the structured competency-based curriculum (SCBC) prepared on health program matters.

Methods:
Mixed method model involving postgraduate students, faculties in community medicine departments of selected medical colleges and stakeholders from district administration. The SCBC was piloted and validated for use. The evaluation was then done based on pre- and posttest performance analysis, satisfaction survey, and questionnaires for reaction and learning components.

Results:
For a complete understanding of the program, students had to invest 52 hours of stipulated time. CBC assessment mean scores for a) problems in PHC and programmatic evaluation (78.9%) and b) identification of success and failure of programs (78.2%) were more than 75% mean score; whereas, assessment scores for topics on a) resource allocation and b) evaluation of program as write-up was 65% and 52%, respectively. As compared to the conventional method, the SCBC showed a critical evaluation score of 70% with a 0.001 significance level.

Discussion and Conclusion:
Students’ narratives were that they could understand as well as integrate them better on the field. There was enhanced satisfaction and encouragement. Structured curriculum will also help in making learning more student-centric and go a long way in boosting their creativity.
Association of Abdominal Obesity and Diabetes among the Adult Tribal Population in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Ramamoorthy Kalaivanan , Muthunarayanan Logaraj , Sundaram M Palanivel , Devivaraprasad M , Anantharaman VV 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Previously overweight and obesity are considered to be an issue of high-income countries but now increasingly becoming more prevalent in low-income and middle-income countries. Obesity and overweight are growing health issues in India. It is important to determine the quantum of the risk contribution by individual risk factor siuch as abdominal obesity.

Aims:
To find out the association of abdominal obesity and diabetes among the adult tribal population.

Methods and Material:
A cross-sectional study was conducted using multi-stage random sampling techniques. Using a pretested validated modified Stepwise questionnaire, a detailed interview with the participants aged above 30 years were performed. Random blood sugar and anthropometric parameters were estimated for all the participants. Chi-square test and multivariate regression analysis were used to study association.

Results:
Prevalence of abdominal obesity was 49.6% [211] among the study participants. Prevalence of diabetes was 7.8% [33] among the study population and 92.2% [392] of them were nondiabetic. Normal WHR was seen among 27.3% [9] of the diabetic individuals. High WHR was seen among 72.7% [24] of diabetic individuals. Gender, Illiterate, BMI, and waist-hip ratio shows significant association with diabetes.

Conclusions:
The prevalence of abdominal obesity was higher in the study population. As this burden among tribal people is on the increasing trend when compared with other general populations, effective strategies to prevent this have to be devised among the tribal population.
Narrative exposure therapy for the treatment of trauma-related symptoms among adolescent survivors of sex trafficking: A pilot study
Authors: Shamsudeen Sheeba , Gupta Preeti , Sayeed Neha , Munda Sanjay K. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
India is home to 14 million survivors of human trafficking, with most being trafficked for sexual exploitation. Trafficking constitutes crimes that violate the rights of survivors, and despite its psychological consequences, there is little evidence-based guidance to meet the needs of these individuals.

Aim:
The current study aimed to examine the outcome of narrative exposure therapy (KIDNET) among adolescent survivors of sex trafficking in improving trauma-related symptoms, along with psychological distress, dissociation, depression, and anxiety.

Methods:
A pre-post study design was used with 20 adolescent female survivors of trafficking aged 13 to 17 years, with ten participants in the KIDNET group and ten participants in a waitlist control group. Trafficking Victim Identification Tool and Standard Progressive Matrices were administered as screening measures. The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for Children and Adolescents, Kessler’s Psychological Distress Scale, Shutdown Dissociation Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, and Beck Anxiety Inventory were administered as outcome measures. Fourteen sessions of KIDNET were conducted for the clinical group, while sessions were conducted for the control group post delivery of intervention for the clinical group.

Results:
Findings suggest an overall improvement in the severity of trauma-related symptoms in the KIDNET group, with significant improvement in psychological distress, depression, and anxiety.

Conclusion:
Results indicate that KIDNET may be a promising and acceptable treatment for adolescent survivors of sex trafficking, and this intervention module may be safely delivered in further randomised controlled trials to ensure that the holistic needs of this vulnerable group are appropriately addressed.
PvuII-ESR1 gene polymorphism in premenstrual dysphoric disorder in South Indian women
Authors: Charmanna Shuchi Odiyanda , Srinivas Anju , Prashant Akila , Jain Asmita , Kishor M , Shivashankar Kusuma K. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a condition that affects nearly 3–9% of the women in the reproductive age during the luteal phase of each menstrual cycle characterized by symptoms varying in severity and affecting the quality of life. Earlier research studies conducted have reported independent relationships between PvuII-ESR1-polymorphism and psychological traits in PMDD and risk for cognitive, behavioral, and affective symptoms. However, as the studies are few in number and the results are not consistent, there is a need for our study to link between the PvuII-ESR1gene and PMDD.

Methodology:
All nonpregnant women aged between 18 and 45 years and attending the OBG or Medicine or Psychiatry OPD for a routine health checkup were recruited into the study. The cross-sectional study recruited 35 samples each in the control and PMDD groups using a validated screening PMDD Assessment Scale Questionnaire (PMDDASQ). Mann–Whitney’s U test and Chi-square test were used to calculate P values for the continuous and categorical variables. Tetra-primer–amplification refractory mutation system–polymerase chain reaction was used to identify the PvuII-ESR1gene polymorphism after isolation of genomic DNA from the whole blood.

Results:
Data-Analysis Pak tool and Med-Calc software were used for data analysis. The PvuII-ESR1 genotype distribution was in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in both PMDD and controls. The PMDDASQ scoring showed a significance with P ≤ 0.05. Pearson’s Chi-Squared test performed for genotypes and alleles did not show any significant association with the phenotype.

Conclusion:
PvuII-ESR1 SNP (T/C rs2234693) does not show any association with phenotype between the control and PMDD. However, PMDDAS questionnaire can be used to differentiate the women who are controls from PMDD.
A qualitative study to explore the experiences faced by primary caregivers of children with mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic at the child and adolescent psychiatry OPD
Authors: Gogoi Jyoti , Govindan Radhakrishnan , Rajeswari Bingi , Kommu John V. S. 
Published: October 2024

Aim:
To explore the lived-in experiences of primary caregivers of children with mental illness while taking care during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methodology:
This study is a descriptive phenomenological study. Convenience sampling was used. Data were collected by in-depth interviews of 30 primary caregivers of children with mental illness, during the COVID-19 pandemic. All interviews were audio-recorded and analyzed using a thematic approach.

Results:
The overall aura of fear and panic brought by the pandemic found its way into the psyche of patients and the development of their illnesses during the pandemic. The entirety of the work brought out three themes and 11 subthemes as categorized for the aim of this study.

Conclusion:
Primary caregivers of children with mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic reveal that lifestyle changes, such as online education, confinement, overuse of electronic gadgets, and increased laziness and lethargy in children after prolonged lockdown, were drastic changes which caregivers had to deal with.