bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Background conductivity independent counter flow preconcentration method for capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Koenka Israel Joel , Hauser Peter C. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA preconcentration method for anions is presented, which relies on a trap created by applying an electric field against a hydrodynamic flow of the sample. The trapping zone is created in front of a cation exchange membrane that allows the isolation of the electrode and thus prevents any interference by electrolysis products. Preconcentration factors of up to 20 were demonstrated for nitrate and formate as model analyte ions and were linearly related to the sample volume passed through the trap. A discrimination between the ions was found possible by adjustment of the hydrodynamic flow velocity. The method was also found to be suitable for the preconcentration of an anion (nitrate at 100 μM) in presence of a second anion at a very high concentration (50 mM formate). The detection limits for the four anions chloride, nitrate, perchlorate, and formate could be lowered from 4, 4.3, 4.2, and 7.2 μM obtained without trapping respectively to 127, 142, 139, and 451 nM with trapping.
Facets of Impulsivity and Compulsivity in Women with Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Lavender Jason M. , Goodman Erica L. , Culbert Kristen M. , Wonderlich Stephen A. , Crosby Ross D. , Engel Scott G. , Mitchell James E. , Le Grange Daniel , Crow Scott J. , Peterson Carol B. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis study sought to investigate independent associations of impulsivity and compulsivity with eating disorder (ED) symptoms. Women (N = 81) with full or subthreshold Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV anorexia nervosa (AN) completed a semi‐structured interview and self‐report questionnaires. Multiple regression analyses were conducted using ED symptoms as dependent variables and facets of impulsivity and compulsivity as predictor variables (controlling for body mass index and AN diagnostic subtype). For impulsivity facets, lack of perseverance was uniquely associated with eating concern, shape concern and restraint, whereas negative urgency was uniquely associated with eating concern and frequency of loss of control eating; neither sensation seeking nor lack of premeditation was uniquely associated with any ED variables. Compulsivity was uniquely associated with restraint, eating concern and weight concern. Results support independent associations of impulsivity and compulsivity with ED symptoms in adults with AN, suggesting potential utility in addressing both impulsive and compulsive processes in treatment. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Forecasting intraday S&P 500 index returns: A functional time series approach
Authors: Shang Han Lin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFinancial data often take the form of a collection of curves that can be observed sequentially over time; for example, intraday stock price curves and intraday volatility curves. These curves can be viewed as a time series of functions that can be observed on equally spaced and dense grids. Owing to the so‐called curse of dimensionality, the nature of high‐dimensional data poses challenges from a statistical perspective; however, it also provides opportunities to analyze a rich source of information, so that the dynamic changes of short time intervals can be better understood. In this paper, we consider forecasting a time series of functions and propose a number of statistical methods that can be used to forecast 1‐day‐ahead intraday stock returns. As we sequentially observe new data, we also consider the use of dynamic updating in updating point and interval forecasts for achieving improved accuracy. The forecasting methods were validated through an empirical study of 5‐minute intraday S&P 500 index returns.
Comparison of two sources of iodine delivery on breast milk iodine and maternal and infant urinary iodine concentrations in southern Ethiopia: A randomized trial
Authors: Gebreegziabher Tafere , Stoecker Barbara J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIodine deficiency during pregnancy and lactation could expose the infant to severe iodine deficiency disorders. A randomized supplementation trial among rural lactating women was conducted in Sidama zone, southern Ethiopia, to compare the methods of iodine delivery on breast milk iodine, and on maternal and infant urinary iodine concentrations. Women were randomly assigned either to receive 225 μg iodine as potassium iodide capsule daily for 6 months or 450 g of appropriately iodized salt (30–40 μg I as KIO3/g of salt) weekly for household consumption for 6 months. Breast milk iodine concentration (BMIC) and maternal and infant urinary iodine concentration (UIC) were measured at baseline and at 6 months. The women did not differ in BMIC and UIC, and infants did not differ in UIC in a time by treatment interaction. Median (IQR, interquartile range, IQR) BMIC at baseline was 154 [43, 252] μg/L and at 6 months was 105 [36, 198] μg/L, maternal UIC at baseline was 107 [71, 161] μg/L and at 6 months was 130 [80, 208] μg/L; infant UIC at baseline was 218 [108, 356] μg/L and at 6 months was 222 [117, 369] μg/L. Significant correlations among the three variables were obtained in both groups at both times. We conclude that for lactating women an adequate amount of appropriately iodized salt (30–40 μg I/g) had similar effects as a daily supplement of 225 μg I on BMIC and on maternal and infant UIC.
Delphinidin 3‐rutinoside‐rich blackcurrant extract ameliorates glucose tolerance by increasing the release of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 secretion
Authors: Tani Tsubasa , Nishikawa Sho , Kato Masaki , Tsuda Takanori 
Published: April 2017

AbstractGlucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) is an incretin that is secreted from enteroendocrine L‐cells. Dietary factor‐stimulation of endogenous GLP‐1 is a promising strategy for increasing the action of GLP‐1. Recent studies have shown that berries rich in anthocyanins improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. Our previous study found that the anthocyanin delphinidin 3‐rutinoside (D3R) significantly increases GLP‐1 secretion in GLUTag cells (enteroendocrine L cell line). Blackcurrants are berries that contain high levels of anthocyanins, particularly D3R. Pre‐administered blackcurrant extract (BCE) 5 mg/kg body weight (1 mg D3R/kg) significantly ameliorated glucose tolerance after intraperitoneal glucose injection in rats by stimulating the secretion of GLP‐1 and subsequently inducing insulin secretion. D3R did not break down significantly in the gastrointestinal tract for at least 45−60 min after BCE was administered, suggesting that BCE‐induced GLP‐1 secretion is mainly mediated by D3R and not its degradation products. These findings demonstrate the novel biological function of D3R‐rich BCE as a GLP‐1 secretagogue. An increase in endogenous GLP‐1 secretion induced by BCE may help to reduce the dosages of diabetic medicines and prevent diabetes.
Ecohydrologic considerations for modeling of stable water isotopes in a small intermittent watershed
Authors: Knighton James , Saia Sheila M. , Morris Chelsea K. , Archiblad Josephine A. , Walter M. Todd 
Published: April 2017

AbstractNaturally occurring stable water isotope tracers provide useful information for hydrologic model development and calibration. Existing models include varied approaches concerning unsaturated zone percolation mixing (preferential versus matrix flow) and evapotranspiration (ET) partitioning. We assess the impact of unsaturated zone simplifying assumptions when simulating the Shale Hills Watershed, a small (7.9 ha), temperate, forested watershed near Petersburg, Pennsylvania, USA, with a relatively simple model. We found that different model structures/assumptions and parameterizations of unsaturated zone percolation had substantial impacts on the agreement between simulated and observed unsaturated‐zone water isotopic signatures. We show that unsaturated zone percolation mixing primarily affects the unsaturated zone δ18O and δ2H during winter and spring and that percolation was best represented as a combination of both preferential and matrix flow. We evaluate the importance and implications related to the partitioning of ET into evaporation and transpiration and demonstrated that incorporation of a plant growth model for ET partitioning substantially improved reproduction of observed hydrologic isotopic patterns of the unsaturated zone during the spring season. We show that unsaturated zone percolation mixing and ET partitioning approaches do not substantially influence stream δ18O and δ2H and conclude that observed streamflow isotopic data is not always a strong predictor of model performance with respect to intrawatershed processes.
Freshwater flow to the San Francisco Bay‐Delta estuary over nine decades (Part 2): Change attribution
Authors: Hutton Paul H. , Rath John S. , Roy Sujoy B. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis paper explains observed trends in freshwater flow to the San Francisco Bay‐Delta estuary as reported in a companion paper (Hutton, Rath, & Roy, ). We employ a historical hydrologic record spanning nine decades and define a set of idealized flow scenarios to identify drivers of change in delta outflow and consequent salinity regime. Flow changes are measured against a baseline scenario representing 1920‐level land use and water management conditions. Additional scenarios are defined to represent the system absent state and federal water project reservoir and export operations, absent key non‐project reservoir operations, and absent historically‐observed sea level rise. These scenarios, in conjunction with the principle of superposition, are used to ascribe outflow and salinity trends to different anthropogenic and natural causes. We find that project and non‐project water management are attributed similar responsibility for decreasing outflow trends in April and May and consequent increasing spring salinity trends. In contrast, we find that increasing July and August outflow trends (and lagged decreasing salinity trends) are attributed to flow contributions from project water management; these contributions more than fully attenuate impacts associated with non‐project water management.
Anatomy of a decision III: Evaluation of national disposal at sea program action level efficacy considering 2 chemical action levels
Authors: Apitz Sabine E , Vivian Chris , Agius Suzanne 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

The potential performance (i.e., ability to separate nontoxic from toxic sediments) of a range of international Disposal at Sea (DaS) chemical Action Levels (ALs) was compared using a sediment chemical and toxicological database. The use of chemistry alone (without the use of further lines of evidence) did not perform well at reducing costs and protecting the environment. Although some approaches for interpreting AL1 results are very effective at filtering out the majority of acutely toxic sediments, without subsequent toxicological assessment, a large proportion of nontoxic sediments would be unnecessarily subjected to treatment and containment, and a number of sublethally toxic sediments would be missed. Even the best tiered systems that collect and evaluate information sequentially resulted in the failure to catch at least some sublethally or acutely toxic sediments. None of the AL2s examined were particularly effective in distinguishing between non-, sublethally, or acutely toxic sediments. Thus, this review did not support the use of chemical AL2s to predict the degree to which sediments will be toxic. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2017;13:1086–1099.© 2017 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).

Key Points
Chemistry alone performs poorly at reducing costs and protecting the environment. Some chemical Action Level (AL) 1 strategies filter out the majority of toxic sediments, but with high false positives. Many tiered systems were able to discriminate most toxic and nontoxic sediments. None of the AL2s examined were effective in distinguishing between nontoxic and toxic sediments.
Observational study of associations between gestational weight gain and perinatal outcomes in dichorionic twin pregnancies
Authors: Kosinska‐Kaczynska Katarzyna , Szymusik Iwona , Kaczynski Bartosz , Wielgos Miroslaw 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate relationships between gestational weight gain (GWG) and adverse events during pregnancy among patients of normal weight with twin pregnancies.MethodsThe present observational study included patients with dichorionic twin pregnancies with a pre‐gravid body mass index of 18.5–24.99 kg/m2 who underwent delivery at no earlier than 22 weeks of pregnancy between January 1, 2007, and June 30, 2016, at the Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. The GWG ratio was categorized as low (<0.45 kg/wk), adequate (0.45–0.66 kg/wk), or high (>0.66 kg/wk), and pregnancy outcomes were compared between the GWG ratio groups. Associations between GWG ratio and pregnancy outcomes were estimated using generalized additive models.ResultsThere were 201 patients included in the study. No differences in rates of preterm delivery, very preterm delivery (VPTD), small for gestational age fetus, pre‐eclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm premature rupture of membranes, or intrauterine fetal demise were observed between the patient groups. Linear relationships with GWG ratio were recorded for VPTD (P=0.019) and spontaneous VPTD (P=0.003); non‐linear relationships with GWG ratio were recorded for pre‐eclampsia (P=0.023) and perinatal mortality (P=0.015). A GWG ratio of 0.55–0.56 kg/wk appeared optimal in terms of twin pregnancy outcomes.ConclusionThe incidence of VPTD, pre‐eclampsia, and perinatal mortality during dichorionic twin pregnancy were associated with GWG ratio.
Porosity and tissue integration of elastic mesh implants evaluated in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Ciritsis Alexander , Horbach Andreas , Staat Manfred , Kuhl Christiane K. , Kraemer Nils Andreas 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPurposeIn vivo, a loss of mesh porosity triggers scar tissue formation and restricts functionality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the properties and configuration changes as mesh deformation and mesh shrinkage of a soft mesh implant compared with a conventional stiff mesh implant in vitro and in a porcine model.Material and MethodsTensile tests and digital image correlation were used to determine the textile porosity for both mesh types in vitro. A group of three pigs each were treated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) visible conventional stiff polyvinylidene fluoride meshes (PVDF) or with soft thermoplastic polyurethane meshes (TPU) (FEG Textiltechnik mbH, Aachen, Germany), respectively. MRI was performed with a pneumoperitoneum at a pressure of 0 and 15 mmHg, which resulted in bulging of the abdomen. The mesh‐induced signal voids were semiautomatically segmented and the mesh areas were determined. With the deformations assessed in both mesh types at both pressure conditions, the porosity change of the meshes after 8 weeks of ingrowth was calculated as an indicator of preserved elastic properties. The explanted specimens were examined histologically for the maturity of the scar (collagen I/III ratio).ResultsIn TPU, the in vitro porosity increased constantly, in PVDF, a loss of porosity was observed under mild stresses. In vivo, the mean mesh areas of TPU were 206.8 cm2 (± 5.7 cm2) at 0 mmHg pneumoperitoneum and 274.6 cm2 (± 5.2 cm2) at 15 mmHg; for PVDF the mean areas were 205.5 cm2 (± 8.8 cm2) and 221.5 cm2 (± 11.8 cm2), respectively. The pneumoperitoneum‐induced pressure increase resulted in a calculated porosity increase of 8.4% for TPU and of 1.2% for PVDF. The mean collagen I/III ratio was 8.7 (± 0.5) for TPU and 4.7 (± 0.7) for PVDF.ConclusionThe elastic properties of TPU mesh implants result in improved tissue integration compared to conventional PVDF meshes, and they adapt more efficiently to the abdominal wall. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 827–833, 2018.
Comparative Modulation of Levels of Oxidative Stress in the Liver of Anti‐Tuberculosis Drug Treated Wistar Rats by Vitamin B12, Beta‐Carotene, and Spirulina fusiformis: Role of NF‐κB, iNOS, IL‐6, and IL‐10
Authors: Joseph Martin Sherry , Evan Prince Sabina 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTIsoniazid (INH) and Rifampicin (RIF) are known hepatotoxic agents. We compared the efficacy of Spirulina fusiformis and its active components vitamin B12 and beta‐carotene in attenuating INH and RIF induced hepatotoxicity. We also tried to elucidate the inflammatory mechanism behind anti‐tuberculosis drug induced hepatotoxicity. INH and RIF were administered to Wistar albino rats for 28 days to induce hepatotoxicity. S. fusiformis, vitamin B12, and beta‐carotene were co‐administered with INH and RIF and their hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory roles were studied through blood and liver analysis. Changes induced by INH and RIF in antioxidants, cytokines (IL‐6 and IL‐10) and expression of Nuclear Factor‐κB (NF‐κB) and Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) were also studied. Supplement treatment caused restoration of liver function parameters to normal levels along with reversal of inflammatory changes in IL‐6 and IL‐10 levels. Liver PCNA, iNOS, and NF‐κB expression were reduced in the supplement treated tissues compared to INH and RIF treated rats as evidenced by immunohistochemistry and quantitative PCR. Correlation of IL‐6 levels, PCNA, and iNOS with NF‐κB showed its pivotal role in the inflammatory process. Study shows the pivotal role of NF‐kB and the equivalence in antioxidant efficacy of vitamin B12 and beta‐carotene compared to Spirulina fusiformis. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3825–3833, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Oncophosphosignaling Favors a Glycolytic Phenotype in Human Drug Resistant Leukemia
Authors: Faria Alessandra V.S. , Tornatore Thaís F. , Milani Renato , Queiroz Karla C.S. , Sampaio Igor H. , Fonseca Emanuella M.B. , Rocha‐Brito Karin J.P. , Santos Tamira O. , Silveira Leonardo R. , Peppelenbosch Maikel P. , Ferreira‐Halder Carmen V. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTIn chemoresistant leukemia cells (Lucena‐1), the low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMWPTP) is about 20‐fold more active than in their susceptible counterpart (K562). We found this phosphatase ensures the activated statuses of Src and Bcr‐Abl. Since, phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of proteins represent a key post‐translational regulation of several enzymes, we also explored the kinome. We hereby show that LMWPTP superactivation, together with kinome reprogramming, cooperate towards glucose addiction. Resistant leukemia cells present lower levels of oxidative metabolism, in part due to downexpression of the following mitochondrial proteins: pyruvate dehydrogenase subunit alpha 1, succinate dehydrogenase, and voltage‐dependent anion channel. Those cells displayed higher expression levels of glucose transporter 1 and higher production of lactate. In addition, Lucena‐1 siRNA LMWPTP cells showed lower expression levels of glucose transporter 1 and lower activity of lactate dehydrogenase. On the other hand, K562 cells overexpressing LMWPTP presented higher expression/activity of both proteins. In this study, we show that LMWPTP is a pivotal mediator of metabolic reprogramming that confers survival advantages to leukemia cells against death stimuli. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3846–3854, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fusaric Acid Induces DNA Damage and Post‐Translational Modifications of p53 in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HepG2) Cells
Authors: Ghazi Terisha , Nagiah Savania , Tiloke Charlette , Sheik Abdul Naeem , Chuturgoon Anil A. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTFusaric acid (FA), a common fungal contaminant of maize, is known to mediate toxicity in plants and animals; however, its mechanism of action is unclear. p53 is a tumor suppressor protein that is activated in response to cellular stress. The function of p53 is regulated by post‐translational modifications—ubiquitination, phosphorylation, and acetylation. This study investigated a possible mechanism of FA induced toxicity in the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. The effect of FA on DNA integrity and post‐translational modifications of p53 were investigated. Methods included: (a) culture and treatment of HepG2 cells with FA (IC50: 580.32 μM, 24 h); (b) comet assay (DNA damage); (c) Western blots (protein expression of p53, MDM2, p‐Ser‐15‐p53, a‐K382‐p53, a‐CBP (K1535)/p300 (K1499), HDAC1 and p‐Ser‐47‐Sirt1); and (d) Hoechst 33342 assay (apoptosis analysis). FA caused DNA damage in HepG2 cells relative to the control (P < 0.0001). FA decreased the protein expression of p53 (0.24‐fold, P = 0.0004) and increased the expression of p‐Ser‐15‐p53 (12.74‐fold, P = 0.0126) and a‐K382‐p53 (2.24‐fold, P = 0.0096). This occurred despite the significant decrease in the histone acetyltransferase, a‐CBP (K1535)/p300 (K1499) (0.42‐fold, P = 0.0023) and increase in the histone deacetylase, p‐Ser‐47‐Sirt1 (1.22‐fold, P = 0.0020). The expression of MDM2, a negative regulator of p53, was elevated in the FA treatment compared to the control (1.83‐fold, P < 0.0001). FA also inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells as evidenced by the Hoechst assay. Together, these results indicate that FA is genotoxic and post‐translationally modified p53 leading to HepG2 cell death. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3866–3874, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Inactivation combined with cell lysis of Pseudomonas putida using a low pressure carbon dioxide microbubble technology
Authors: Mulakhudair Ali R , Al‐Mashhadani Mahmood , Hanotu James , Zimmerman William 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDInactivation processes can be classified into non‐thermal inactivation methods such as ethylene oxide and γ‐radiation, and thermal methods such as autoclaving. The ability of carbon dioxide enriched microbubbles to inactivate Pseudomonas putida suspended in physiological saline, as a non‐thermal sterilisation method, was investigated in this study with many operational advantages over both traditional thermal and non‐thermal sterilisation methods.RESULTSIntroducing carbon dioxide enriched microbubbles can achieve ∼2‐Log reduction in the bacterial population after 90 min of treatment, addition of ethanol to the inactivation solution further enhanced the inactivation process to achieve 3, 2.5 and 3.5‐Log reduction for 2%, 5% and 10 %( v/v) ethanol, respectively. A range of morphological changes was observed on Pseudomonas cells after each treatment, and these changes extended from changing cell shape from rod shape to coccus shape to severe lesions and cell death. Pseudomonas putida KT 2440 was used as a model of gram‐negative bacteria.CONCLUSIONUsing CO2 enriched microbubbles technology has many advantages such as efficient energy consumption (no heat source), avoidance of toxic and corrosive reagents, and in situ treatment. In addition, many findings from this study could apply to other gram‐negative bacteria. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.