bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of growth temperature on microstructural and electronic properties of rapid thermally grown MoTe2 thin film for infrared detection
Authors: Gartia Anurag , Pradhan Diana , Sahoo Kiran K , Biswal Sameer R , Sabat Somesh , Kar Jyoti P 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the field of electronic and optoelectronic applications, two-dimensional materials are found to be promising candidates for futuristic devices. For the detection of infrared (IR) light, MoTe2 possesses an appropriate bandgap for which p-MoTe2/n-Si heterojunctions are well suited for photodetectors. In this study, a rapid thermal technique is used to grow MoTe2 thin films on silicon (Si) substrates. Molybdenum (Mo) thin films are deposited using a sputtering system on the Si substrate and tellurium (Te) film is deposited on the Mo film by a thermal evaporation technique. The substrates with Mo/Te thin films are kept in a face-to-face manner inside the rapid thermal-processing furnace. The growth is carried out at a base pressure of 2 torr with a flow of 160 sccm of argon gas at different temperatures ranging from 400 °C to 700 °C. The x-ray diffraction peaks appear around 2θ = 12.8°, 25.5°, 39.2°, and 53.2° corresponding to (002), (004), (006), and (008) orientation of a hexagonal 2H-MoTe2 structure. The characteristic Raman peaks of MoTe2, observed at ∼119 cm−1 and ∼172 cm−1, correspond to the in-plane E1g and out-of-plane A1g modes of MoTe2, whereas the prominent peaks of the in-plane E1
2g mode at ∼234 cm−1 and the out-of-plane B1
2g mode at ∼289 cm−1 are also observed. Root mean square (RMS) roughness is found to increase with increasing growth temperature. The bandgap of MoTe2 is calculated using a Tauc plot and is found to be 0.90 eV. Electrical characterizations are carried out using current–voltage and current–time measurement, where the maximum responsivity and detectivity are found to be 127.37 mA W−1 and 85.21 × 107 Jones for a growth temperature of 600 °C and an IR wavelength illumination of 1060 nm.
Reduced order modeling for real-time monitoring of structural displacements due to electromagnetic forces in large scale tokamaks
Authors: Lucchini F , Frescura A , Torchio R , Alotto P , Bettini P 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The real-time monitoring of the structural displacement of the vacuum vessel of thermonuclear fusion devices caused by electromagnetic loads is of great interest. In this paper, model order reduction is applied to the integral equation methods and the finite elements method to develop electromagnetic and structural reduced order models (ROMs) compatible with real-time execution which allows for the real-time monitoring of strain and displacement in critical positions of Tokamaks machines. Low-rank compression techniques based on hierarchical matrices are applied to reduce the computational cost during the offline stage when the ROMs are constructed. Numerical results show the accuracy of the approach and demonstrate the compatibility with real-time execution in standard hardware.
A comprehensive study of gate-induced drain leakage current and electrical characteristics in nanosheet field-effect transistors due to variation in structural parameters and ambient temperature
Authors: Shubham  , Bhosle Shruti , Pandey Rajan Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper, two substrate optimization approaches for triple stacked nanosheet field-effect transistors (SNSHFETs), namely the optimization of buried oxide and the selective deposition of punch-through-stopper (PTS) substrate, have been examined, and simulations have been carried out using technology computer-aided software. A comprehensive study of the leakage current and key electrical characteristics (I
ON, V
T, subthreshold swing, drain-induced barrier lowering) has also been performed based on variations in temperature from 298 K to 450 K, sheet width, fin pitch, substrate width, and source/drain doping, as well as different substrates. When the ambient temperature of the SNSHFET is varied from 298 K to 450 K, the gate-induced drain leakage (GIDL) current increases and degrades the V
T and I
ON/I
OFF ratio. The GIDL current also increases with increased doping of the source and drain. The impact of ultra-thin body substrate in the SNSHFET is also studied for the reduction in GIDL current and optimization in the performance. It is observed that a reduction in the substrate width and the nanosheet width decreases the GIDL current, while variation in the inter-fin pitch has no significant impact on the GIDL current and other electrical characteristics. The band-to-band tunneling rate and electric field profiles are observed in the channel–drain and gate–substrate overlap regions to understand the physical insights of leakage current in the SNSHFET. This work also clarifies the dependency of the GIDL current on the gate and drain voltage supply, respectively. In addition, how the GIDL current responds to the variation in the source–drain doping and with different PTS doping has been explained. A 3 nm SNSHFET is designed and its electrical and GIDL characteristics are compared with those of novel devices such as the forksheet FET and complementary FET.
MR fluid-based threshold-feedback overload-protection system for miniature turbine generator
Authors: Zhu Tairong , Wu Tong , Li Kaiquan , Wu Jianwen , Gao Mingyuan , Dai Jun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Miniature turbine generators, which can supply power to miniature mechatronical system by converting natural energy, are promising for future applications in micro-aircraft, ammunition, and missiles. However, turbine generators are at the risk of rotor wear and circuit failure under high wind-penetration conditions. As the feature size decreases, conventional sensors can hardly be integrated in microsystems, making control more difficult. In addition, microspace demands higher practicality of control strategies. Existing complex control units of large-scale systems are not applicable to microsystems. Therefore, a safe and robust control strategy that incorporates practical applications should be considered. This study aims to bridge the gap between the phase-transition properties of magnetorheological (MR) materials and control methods in a microspace. A MR fluid-based threshold-feedback overload-protection strategy is proposed for the miniature turbine generators. This strategy realises the sensorless control of miniature turbine generators by directly capturing the output frequency. To accurately describe the control characteristic of the overload-protection system, a dynamic model of the rotating shaft is proposed. A series of threshold voltages (U
r = 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 V) is used to test the controllability of the overload-protection system. Experimental results show that the rotational speed of the miniature turbine generator is effectively controlled under hurricane-force wind conditions (v = 40 m s−1). Consequently, this study has developed a control strategy to solve the overload failure of miniature turbine generators. Under low wind speeds, the miniature turbine generator starts reliably. When the wind speed exceeds the threshold value, the miniature turbine generator is protected from overload failure. We believe that this work is invaluable for the functional expansion and performance improvement of miniature turbine generators.
A summary of the 10th Asia-Pacific Transport Working Group (APTWG) meeting
Authors: Lee W. , Zou Q. , Wu N. , Choi G.J. , Xu J.Q. , Geng K.N. , Kin F. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis conference report summarizes contributed papers and discussions presented at the 10th Asia-Pacific Transport Working Group (APTWG) held at Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea from 13 to 16 June 2023. This year, technical working groups were organized under the following five topics: (A) isotope effects on the transport and physics of isotope mixture plasma, (B) turbulence spreading and coupling in the core-edge scrape-off layer, (C) interplay between MHD topology/instability and turbulent transport (covering the negative triangularity issue), (D) interactions between energetic-particle-driven instability and transport (focusing on cross-scale coupling physics), and (E) model reduction and experiments for validation. Summaries of significant progress from the presentations in the five technical working groups are given.
Exploring transitions in finite-size Potts model: comparative analysis using Wang–Landau sampling and parallel tempering
Authors: Wang Fangfang , Liu Wei , Ma Jun , Qi Kai , Tang Ying , Di Zengru 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This research provides a examination of transitions within the various-state Potts model in two-dimensional finite-size lattices. Leveraging the Wang–Landau sampling and parallel tempering, we systematically obtain the density of states, facilitating a comprehensive comparative analysis of the results. The determination of the third-order transitions location are achieved through a meticulous examination of the density of states using microcanonical inflection-point analysis. The remarkable alignment between canonical and microcanonical results for higher-order transition locations affirms the universality of these transitions. Our results further illustrate the universality of the robust and microcanonical inflection-point analysis of Wang–Landau sampling.
Study on the effect of film-forming agent composition on moisture and heat resistance of basalt fiber composites
Authors: Liu Hechen , Yu Hong , Zhang Mingjia , Wu Peng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Resistance to hygrothermal aging is the key to the popularization and application of basalt fiber composites in the field of electrical equipment, so it is crucial to develop fiber surface-modified coatings suitable for basalt fibers with excellent hygrothermal resistance. In this study, the performance changes of basalt fiber composite samples treated with four types of surface coatings under artificially accelerated hygrothermal aging test were comparatively analyzed, and the mechanism of different components in the surface coatings was further analyzed. The results showed that the use of epoxy resin emulsion co-mingled with acrylic emulsion as the film-forming agent could significantly improve the mechanical properties of the samples. The use of epoxy resin emulsion co-blended with polyurethane emulsion as the film-forming agent improved the insulating properties and moisture and heat resistance of the samples. Further, the use of 5:1:1 epoxy emulsion, acrylic emulsion, and polyurethane emulsion co-blended as the film-forming agent component can ensure the insulation and hygrothermal resistance of the samples while taking into account the mechanical properties. After 120 hours of wet-heat aging, the breakdown field strength was increased by 22%, leakage current and dielectric loss angle was increased by 10%, and the mechanical properties were also significantly improved compared with the sample with epoxy emulsion as the main film-forming agent. In summary, through the compounding of the film-forming agent emulsion components, the optimization of the moisture and heat resistance of basalt fiber composites can be achieved, and the use of the mass percentage of 5:1:1 for the three types of emulsions blended to prepare the fiber surface coatings is more suitable for the treatment of basalt fibers to prepare the electrician’s equipment.
Acoustic emission spectrum characteristics of structural coal destruction in negative pressure environment
Authors: Zhao Aohan , Ma Yankun , Chen Deren , Wang Dengke , Wang Meng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The uniaxial compression experiments under a low-pressure environment were performed by using structural coal samples. The frequency domain response characteristics of coal mass failure under loading in a low-pressure environment were acquired by FFT transformation and wavelet packet decomposition. The results show: As the loading stress of coal increases, the AE spectrum becomes more abundant, and the whole AE spectrum shows a left-shift trend. When the gas pressure increases, the acoustic emission signals change from low-frequency high-energy to high-frequency low-energy, the frequency band gradually narrates, and the spectrum changes from complex multi-peak shape to single-peak shape. As stress increases, the proportion of energy in the band 0-4.38 kHz gradually increases, while that in other bands gradually decreases. The energy response to stress changes in the two frequency bands of 2.92-4.38 kHz and 4.38-5.84 kHz is the most obvious. When the pressure changes, the energy in three frequency bands of 2.92-4.38 kHz, 4.38-5.84 kHz, and 7.3-8.76 kHz present an evident response trend with the pressure change, and the response trend (increase) of the latter two is exactly opposite (decrease) to that of the former. This phenomenon indicates that 2.92-4.38 kHz and 4.38-5.84 kHz are the characteristic frequency bands of the coal fracture process. The findings of this research offer crucial foundational data to support the monitoring and early warning of coal and gas outburst hazards.
Analysis of the limitation factors of thick cathodes based on experimental and P2D model simulations
Authors: Qi Bin , Li Zhiyuan , Song Lei , Wang Guanwen , Wei Tong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The thickness of the electrode significantly impacts battery performance. Increasing electrode thickness contributes to higher energy density, but it also leads to a decline in rate capability and stability. Therefore, a balance must be struck when determining electrode thickness. In this context, we compare experimental results with numerical simulations to reveal the primary reasons behind the drastic reduction in battery capacity and rate performance due to excessively thick electrodes. At the same time, there is minimal difference between experimental and simulated results at lower electrode thicknesses and smaller currents. As the electrode thickness and current increase, experimental performance deteriorates more rapidly, which arises from the uneven distribution of various components within the cathode during the drying process. In addition, we also simulated the capacity of the crack-free electrode and the depth of discharge at various locations within it, thus determining the main factors of its capacity decline.
Introduction
Authors: Roy Baijayanti 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Introduction charts the historiographical tradition in which the present monograph belongs. The genesis of this work lies in a path-breaking and controversial essay by Sheldon Pollock, in which he had pointed to some of the connections that existed between academic study of (primarily ancient) India in Germany and Nazi politics. Pollock`s essay and the few other works on the subject that have been published so far have concentrated on two themes which often overlapped: the use of Aryanism by some Indologists in their writings and lectures to legitimize aspects of Nazi politics, and the involvement of these scholars with the Nazi party and its affiliates like the SS. The proposed monograph deviates from this approach by examining the instrumentalization of certain forms of knowledge of India, including Aryanism but focusing primarily on modern India, not only for academic validation of Nazism but also for more ‘practical’ goals. The latter included reaching out to Indian intellectuals, politicians, and religious groups, as well as writing reports and books which were to serve as the foundation of German propaganda concerning India. The Introduction also outlines the theoretical premises of this work, provided by the iconic Edward Said as well as others like Pierre Bourdieu, Herbert Mehrtens. and Mitchel Ash, before commenting on the scope of this study and acquainting the reader briefly with the four organizations under review.
‘India Experts’ and the Indian Legion
Authors: Roy Baijayanti 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on a number of ‘India experts’ who functioned as interpreters with the ‘Indian Legion’ that was set up jointly by Subhas Chandra Bose and the Wehrmacht in 1941. The Legion comprised about 3,500 volunteers from the Indian POWs who belonged to the British Imperial Army that had fought the Germans in Africa. In order to integrate the newly formed Legion into the Wehrmacht, the Indian soldiers needed to be provided proper training by the German military personnel. An important element of this ‘training’ was ideological indoctrination in the Nazi world view. Several ‘India experts’, who were not all academic specialists on India, were called on to mediate between the Wehrmacht and Indian soldiers—not only as interpreters but also as propagandists of Nazi ideology. Such mediators included Ernst Bannerth, Otto Spies, Eugen Rose, Karl Hoffmann, and Paul Thieme. This chapter examines the involvement of these scholars in Nazi politics before they joined the Legion, as well as their role as political indoctrinators within it. A vehicle of such politicization was the Legion’s magazine called Bhaiband, written in Urdu and Hindustani and edited by successive German scholars with the help of Indian soldiers. The chapter analyses the magazine to demonstrate how it deployed various tropes of Nazi political and military propaganda for the Indian soldiers. Accompanying the use of such propaganda in Bhaiband was the Orientalist gaze of its editors, who were influenced by stereotypes as well as prejudices about Indians, extant in British colonial discourse as well as German Indology, which sometimes intersected.
TERT promoter mutations and additional molecular alterations in thyroid fine-needle aspiration specimens: A multi-institutional study with histopathologic follow-up
Authors: Abi-Raad Rita , Shi Qiuying , Chen Fei , Antony Vijay , Hsiao Wen-Yu , Simsir Aylin , Liu Xiaoying , Brandler Tamar C , Cai Guoping 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
TERT promoter mutations are not infrequently encountered in thyroid carcinomas; however, it is unclear if additional molecular alterations may play a role in determining tumor behavior.

Methods
Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens from 32 patients with TERT promoter mutations detected by ThyroSeq v3 from 4 institutions were included in the study. FNA diagnoses, molecular results, and surgical follow-up were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.

Results
There were 5 benign and 27 malignant neoplasms, including 7 high-grade thyroid carcinomas (HGCs) on histopathologic follow-up. Of 4 cases with an isolated TERT mutation, 3 (75%) cases were malignant. Of 17 cases harboring a co-occurring TERT mutation with 1 additional molecular alteration, 13 (76%) displayed malignancy on histopathologic follow-up. All 11 cases with TERT mutations plus 2 or more additional molecular alterations were malignant on follow-up. Furthermore, HGC was not seen in cases with an isolated TERT mutation, while 80% of cases harboring TERT mutations plus 3 additional molecular alterations showed HGC.

Conclusions
TERT promoter mutations are commonly associated with malignancy, particularly HGCs, when multiple co-occurring molecular alterations are present. However, TERT promoter mutations may occasionally be detected in benign thyroid neoplasms when encountered in isolation or with fewer than 2 additional molecular alterations.
Unusual MRI abnormality in patients with nonketotic hyperglycaemia-associated seizures
Authors: Bentahar Amine , Bellamlih Habib , Chafi Khalil , Salek Monsif , Belabbes Soufiane , Zinoun Brahim , Africha Taoufik 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Nonketotic hyperglycaemia (NKH) is a metabolic disorder typically observed in individuals with inadequately managed or undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM). Seizures are a common clinical presentation in NKH, and they tend to respond better to glucose correction than anticonvulsant therapy. MRI scans may reveal both subcortical T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging hypointensity and cortical changes, including cortical grey matter T2/FLAIR imaging hyperintensity and cortical or leptomeningeal enhancement, although cortical abnormalities are less frequently observed. These alterations are reversible when the underlying metabolic disturbance is effectively addressed. We suggest the role of iron accumulation as a mechanism for subcortical T2 hypointensity using T2* weighted imaging. Our cases substantiate the significance of subcortical T2/FLAIR hypointensity as a fundamental feature of this condition. In the appropriate clinical context, the recognition of these MRI abnormalities can help prevent misdiagnosis and facilitate timely treatment.
MOY 1 - The Emergency General Surgeon: what should their future operative role be, and how can an EGS post be more attractive?
Authors: Wohlgemut Jared , Okocha Michael , Bateman Kellie , Adiamah Alfie , Marsden Max , Lee Matt 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
Determine the desired future operative role of dedicated Emergency General Surgery (EGS) surgeons in the United Kingdom (UK) and the Republic of Ireland (ROI), and how to improve the attractiveness of an EGS post.

Methods
A live interactive online survey, designed and endorsed by ASGBI, was completed by attendees at two ASGBI conferences in 2023. The study was conducted according to CHERRIES and exempt from REC according to HRA. Consent was obtained from study participants, who were asked using a Likert scale which operations a dedicated EGS surgeon should perform and how an EGS post could be more attractive.

Results
The survey was completed by 156/371 eligible participants, of which 132 responses were analysed once duplicate responses (n=16), and non-UK/ROI respondents (n=8), were excluded. Participants included consultants (34%), surgical trainees (42%), and other doctors (23%), 61% were male and 39% were female, aged between 25 and 69.
Respondents stated the desired future operative role of EGS surgeons included most EGS operations, including for torso trauma. Few believed EGS surgeons should perform emergency colonic resection for cancer (49%) or inflammatory bowel disease (37%), gastric volvulus (34%), bariatric complications (26%), or Boerhaaves (28%). The vast majority agreed that EGS posts could be improved by including elective general and subspecialty operating lists, continuing professional development, minimally-invasive (laparoscopic/robotic) opportunities, rest days post-on-call, family-friendly hours, EGS ambulatory and follow-up clinics, and major trauma responsibility.

Conclusions
EGS surgeons should operate on the majority of EGS patients. Job plans that include elective operating, professional development, and patient follow-up may improve recruitment and retention.