bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amine Activation: N‐Arylamino Acid Amide Synthesis from Isothioureas and Amino Acids
Authors: Zhu Yan‐Ping , Mampuys Pieter , Sergeyev Sergey , Ballet Steven , Maes Bert U. W. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractN‐arylamino acid amides have been synthesized via a novel method based on N‐arylamine activation into isothioureas followed by reaction with amino acids under iron catalysis. The activated N‐arylamines are easily prepared using a three‐component reaction with commercial reagents, tert‐butylisocyanide and S‐phenyl benzenethiosulfonate. The protocol shows a broad functional group compatibility, with respect to side chain functionality of the amino acid (e. g. aliphatic and aromatic OH, (hetero)aromatic NH, amide NH, thioether), and the chiral amino acids do not undergo epimerization. The mechanism of the new amide synthesis has been studied.magnified image
Enantioselective Mannich‐Type Reactions to Construct Trifluoromethylthio‐Containing Tetrasubstituted Carbon Stereocenters via Asymmetric Dual‐Reagent Catalysis
Authors: Xu Lijun , Wang Hongyu , Zheng Changwu , Zhao Gang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAn approach to construct tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenters bearing both a trifluoromethylthio (SCF3) group and a cyano group has been realized, through asymmetric organophosphine‐catalyzed Mannich‐type reactions. The products were obtained in high yields and moderate to high enantioselectivities. Two diastereoisomers could be isolated from each reaction (overall 25 examples), rendering this approach a viable opportunity for molecular diversity generation and improvement of the bioactivity of related drug candidates.magnified image
Iron deficiency across chronic inflammatory conditions: International expert opinion on definition, diagnosis, and management
Authors: Cappellini Maria Domenica , Comin‐Colet Josep , de Francisco Angel , Dignass Axel , Doehner Wolfram , Lam Carolyn S. , Macdougall Iain C. , Rogler Gerhard , Camaschella Clara , Kadir Rezan , Kassebaum Nicholas J. , Spahn Donat R. , Taher Ali T. , Musallam Khaled M. ,   on behalf of the IRON CORE Group
Published: June 2017

AbstractIron deficiency, even in the absence of anemia, can be debilitating, and exacerbate any underlying chronic disease, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Iron deficiency is frequently concomitant with chronic inflammatory disease; however, iron deficiency treatment is often overlooked, partially due to the heterogeneity among clinical practice guidelines. In the absence of consistent guidance across chronic heart failure, chronic kidney disease and inflammatory bowel disease, we provide practical recommendations for iron deficiency to treating physicians: definition, diagnosis, and disease‐specific diagnostic algorithms. These recommendations should facilitate appropriate diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency to improve quality of life and clinical outcomes.
Long‐term follow‐up of chemoimmunotherapy with rituximab, oxaliplatin, cytosine arabinoside, dexamethasone (ROAD) in patients with relapsed CD20+ B–cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma: Results of a study of the Mayo Clinic Cancer Center Research Consortium (MCCRC) MC0485 now known as academic and community cancer research united (ACCRU)
Authors: Witzig Thomas E. , Johnston Patrick B. , LaPlant Betsy R. , Kurtin Paul J. , Pederson Levi D. , Moore Jr Dennis F. , Nabbout Nassim H. , Nikcevich Daniel A. , Rowland Kendrith M. , Grothey Axel 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPatients with relapsed aggressive non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) are often treated with platinum‐based chemoimmunotherapy regimens in preparation for autologous stem cell transplant. We sought to reduce toxicity and maintain efficacy by using oxaliplatin with rituximab, cytarabine and dexamethasone (ROAD) in a phase II clinical trial in patients who had relapsed after one prior regimen. ROAD was delivered q21 days and consisted of rituximab 375 mg/m2 IV weekly x 4 doses (cycle 1 only); dexamethasone 40 mg PO/IV d2 – 5; oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 IV day 2; cytarabine 2000 mg/m2 IV × two doses on days 2 to 3; and pegfilgrastim 6 mg SC on day 4. Forty‐five eligible patients were accrued between 2006 and 2008. Patient characteristics were a median age of 69 years; 96% had received prior rituximab; 53% were within one year of diagnosis. The median number of cycles received was 2 (range, 1‐6). Forty‐four % received ROAD as an outpatient. The overall response rate was 71% with 27% (12/45) CR and 44% (20/45) PR. Forty‐four % (20/45) of all patients and 69% (18/26) of patients whom responded after 2 cycles proceeded to transplant. Median overall survival was 26 mos (95% CI: 7.3 mos—not reached) and median progression‐free survival was 11 mos (95% CI: 6—104 mos). There was no grade 3/4 nephrotoxicity; the rate of grade 3/4 neuropathy was 4%. Forty‐two percent of all patients and 69% of patients transplanted remain alive at 5 years. ROAD represents an acceptable salvage therapeutic option for patients with relapsed aggressive NHL.
Interindividual differences in embodied marginalization: Osteological and stable isotope analyses of antebellum enslaved individuals
Authors: Dent Sophia C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectivesThrough pathological and stable isotope analyses, this study probes the stressors, disease ecology, and diets of enslaved individuals from an antebellum plantation cemetery. The study aims to highlight how interindividual isotopic differences reveal that marginalization is not uniformly experienced or embodied.MethodsThe cemetery population consists of 16 individuals; dental and skeletal pathological indicators were collected for all individuals, and light stable isotope ratios (δ15N, δ13C) were generated from the collagen and hydroxyapatite of nine individuals.ResultsThe analyzed individuals have high frequencies of enamel defects—similar to contemporaneous enslaved cemetery individuals—and particularly high frequencies of carious lesions. Skeletal analysis shows evidence of chronic conditions among several individuals, two of whom likely have tuberculosis. Although the sample size is small, stable isotope values display interesting trends: there is interindividual heterogeneity in δ13C values, and most subadults from the cemetery have lower δ15N and higher δ13C values than the sampled adults. These relationships can be tested with larger datasets and have the potential to reveal important information about slave foodways and the broader experience of enslavement.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that racial discrimination, enslavement, and age do not fully account for the heterogeneity in degree of embodied stressors. There are likely other factors at play, intersecting with the aforementioned, that influenced the lived experience of slavery and the degree of marginalization.
Rapid and convenient removal of fluoride by magnetic magnesium–aluminum–lanthanum composite: Synthesis, performance and mechanism
Authors: Zhao Wei , Chen Yuantao , Zhang Wei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBy an easy co‐precipitation method, the magnetic magnesium–aluminum–lanthanum composite was successfully synthesized. The effects of the synthetic conditions such as Mg/Al/La molar ratio and calcination temperature on fluoride removal by the adsorbent were studied. The adsorbents were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS). By means of changing various conditions, such as contact time, solution pH, initial fluoride concentration, temperature and coexisting anions, batch adsorption studies were worked out. Results indicated that with a Mg/Al/La molar ratio of 16:1:1, at 500 °C, near neutral pH and room temperature, the adsorbent obtained the maximum capacity of 65.75 mg/g for fluoride adsorption. The adsorption process was fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo‐first order kinetic model. Adsorption mechanism involved electrostatic interaction on surface and ion exchange interaction. All results indicated that the magnetic magnesium–aluminum–lanthanum composite can be a very promising adsorbent, has potential application in fluoride removal in water treatment and has positive effects on human health. © 2017 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An Improved Parameterized Controller Reduction Technique via New Frequency Weighted Model Reduction Formulation
Authors: Jazlan Ahmad , Houlis Pantazis , Sreeram Victor , Togneri Roberto 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this paper, an improved parameterized controller reduction technique via a new frequency weighted model reduction formulation is developed for the feedback control of MIMO discrete time systems particularly for non‐unity feedback control system configurations which have the controller located in the feedback path. New frequency weights which are a function of a free parameter matrix are derived based on a set of equivalent block diagrams and this leads to a generalized double sided frequency weighted model reduction formulation. Solving this generalized double sided frequency weighted model reduction problem for various values of the free parameter results in obtaining controllers which correspond to each value of the free parameter. It is shown that the proposed formulation has a useful characteristic such that selecting a controller which corresponds to a large value of the free parameter results in obtaining an optimal reduced order controller and using this optimal reduced order controller in a closed loop system results in significant reduction in the infinity norm of the approximation error between the original closed loop system and the closed loop system which uses an optimal reduced order controller (when compared to existing frequency weighted model reduction methods).
A review of progress in (bio)catalytic routes from/to renewable succinic acid
Authors: Mazière Audrey , Prinsen Pepijn , García Araceli , Luque Rafael , Len Christophe 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn the last decade, succinic acid has become a key platform chemical in the bio‐based industry. It is one of the few renewable chemicals that have proven to be competitive with the fossil‐derived production. Still, improvements can be made in terms of sustainability, especially in the usage of alternative carbon sources for advanced life cycles. Numerous catalytic routes have been developed for the conversion of bio‐succinate to a wide range of chemical compounds and bio‐based polymers. However, most of them have been demonstrated from pure isolated succinic acid, but the isolation and purification of succinic acid from fermentation broths is no mean task and requires a considerable amount of energy. Therefore, catalytic routes in aqueous phase have also been studied intensively to by‐pass isolation and purification steps. This review describes the recent developments published in this research field. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Spectroscopic and molecular docking study on the structure–affinity relationship and mechanism in the interaction of genistein and its derivatives with bovine serum albumin
Authors: Guo Yu , Shen Lixian , Yao Xu , Liu Yang , Liu Yunmei , Chen Hongfei , Min Ke , Zheng Xing 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this paper, the interaction of genistein (GEN) and its four derivatives (GEN1–4) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated by ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra, fluorescence, synchronous fluorescence, three‐dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism and molecular docking techniques. The experimental results showed that the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA was quenched by genisteins and was due to the formation of a genisteins–BSA complex. The quenching constant, binding constants, binding sites, intermolecular distances and thermodynamic properties were calculated at 298 K, 306 K and 310 K. Site marker competitive experiments indicated that the binding site of genisteins to BSA was mainly located in subdomain IIA. The conformational investigation showed that the presence of 0020 genisteins led to changes in the secondary structure of BSA and induced the slight unfolding of protein polypeptides, which confirmed some micro‐environmental and conformational changes of BSA molecules. Furthermore, the binding affinity decreased in the order GEN1 > GEN > GEN4 > GEN3 > GEN2, which revealed that different type and position of substituents of genistein significantly influenced the affinity of compounds to BSA. The number of hydroxyl groups on the ring A was the most important factor because increasing the hydroxyl groups on ring A clearly enhanced the binding affinity. However, trifluoromethylation did not much affect the affinity, alkylation, esterification and difluoromethylation slightly enhanced the binding affinity. The results obtained herein will provide valuable information about the pharmacokinetics at a molecular level and be a useful guideline for the further design of much more suitable genistein derivatives.
Photoluminescence, cathodoluminescence and thermal stability of Sm3+‐activated Sr3La(VO4)3 red‐emitting phosphors
Authors: Du Peng , Yu Jae Su 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA series of Sm3+‐activated Sr3La(VO4)3 phosphors were synthesized by a facile sol‐gel method. X‐ray diffraction patterns and photoluminescence (PL)/cathodoluminescence (CL) spectra as well as PL decay curves were employed to characterize the obtained samples. Upon 402 nm light excitation, the characteristic emissions of Sm3+ ions corresponding to 4G5/2→6HJ transitions were observed in all the as‐prepared products. The PL emission intensity was increased with increase in Sm3+ ion concentration, while concentration quenching occurred when the doping concentration was over 4 mol%. The non‐radiative energy transfer mechanism for concentration quenching of Sm3+ ions was dominated by dipole–dipole interaction and the critical distance was around 21.59 Å. Furthermore, temperature‐dependent PL emission spectra revealed that the obtained phosphors possessed good thermal stability with an activation energy of 0.19 eV. In addition, the CL spectra of the samples were almost the same as the PL spectra, and the CL emission intensity showed a tendency to increase with increase in accelerating voltage and filament current. These results suggest that the Sm3+‐activated Sr3La(VO4)3 phosphors with good color coordinates, high color purity and superior thermal stability may be a potential candidate for applications in white light‐emitting diodes and field‐emission displays as red‐emitting phosphors.
Nachrichten des Verbandes Biologie, Biowissenschaften & Biomedizin in Deutschland
Authors: Groß Jorge 
Published: June 2017

Ausbildung & KarriereArs legendi‐Fakultätenpreis 2017 an Prof. Jorge GroßBiotech & Pharma Business Summer SchoolArbeitsmarktgespräch BiologieWissenschaft & Gesellschaft„March for Science“LandesverbändeBayernPublikationenVBIO‐Jahresbericht ist onlineVeranstaltungen
The Sequential Intercept Model and Juvenile Justice: Review and Prospectus
Authors: Heilbrun Kirk , Goldstein Naomi E.S. , DeMatteo David , Newsham Rebecca , Gale‐Bentz Elizabeth , Cole Lindsay , Arnold Shelby 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBehavioral health needs in justice‐involved adolescents are an increasing concern, as it has been estimated that two‐thirds of youths in the juvenile justice system now meet the criteria for one or more psychological disorders. This article describes the application of the Sequential Intercept Model (SIM), developed to describe five “points of interception” from standard prosecution into rehabilitation‐oriented alternatives for adults (Munetz & Griffin, 2006), to juvenile justice. The five SIM intercepts are: (1) first contact with law enforcement or emergency services; (2) initial hearings and detention following arrest; (3) jails and courts (including problem‐solving courts); (4) re‐entry from jails, prisons and forensic hospitals; and (5) community corrections and community support, including probation and parole. Modifying the SIM for application with justice‐involved adolescents, this article describes three examples of interventions at different intercepts: Intercept 1 (the Philadelphia Police School Diversion Program), Intercept 3 (problem‐solving courts for juveniles), and Intercept 5 (juvenile probation). Relevant research evidence for each example is reviewed, and the further application of this model to juveniles is described. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Racial disparities in survival outcomes by breast tumor subtype among African American women in Memphis, Tennessee
Authors: Vidal Gregory , Bursac Zoran , Miranda‐Carboni Gustavo , White‐Means Shelley , Starlard‐Davenport Athena 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRacial disparities in survival among African American (AA) women in the United States have been well documented. Breast cancer mortality rates among AA women is higher in Memphis, Tennessee as compared to 49 of the largest US cities. In this study, we investigated the extent to which racial/ethnic disparities in survival outcomes among Memphis women are attributed to differences in breast tumor subtype and treatment outcomes. A total of 3527 patients diagnosed with stage I–IV breast cancer between January 2002 and April 2015 at Methodist Health hospitals and West Cancer Center in Memphis, TN were included in the analysis. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were generated and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to compare survival outcomes among 1342 (38.0%) AA and 2185 (62.0%) non‐Hispanic White breast cancer patients by race and breast tumor subtype. Over a mean follow‐up time of 29.9 months, AA women displayed increased mortality risk [adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.65; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.35–2.03] and were more likely to be diagnosed at advanced stages of disease. AA women with triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) had the highest death rate at 26.7% compared to non‐Hispanic White women at 16.5%. AA women with TNBC and luminal B/HER2‐ breast tumors had the highest risk of mortality. Regardless of race, patients who did not have surgery had over five times higher risk of dying compared to those who had surgery. These findings provide additional evidence of the breast cancer disparity gap between AA and non‐Hispanic White women and highlight the need for targeted interventions and policies to eliminate breast cancer disparities in AA populations, particularly in Memphis, TN.
Interrogating the ethics of operational psychology
Authors: Soldz Stephen , Olson Bradley , Arrigo Jean Maria 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCommissioned amidst allegations of collusion between American Psychological Association officials and Central Intelligence Agency and Department of Defense officials involved in the enhanced interrogation programme, the July 2015 Hoffman Report documented a decade of collusion between American Psychological Association and Department of Defense officials in unethical national security interrogations. However, interrogation support is but one of numerous areas where psychologists are directly aiding military and intelligence operations, an area known as operational psychology. The ethical issues posed by the larger field of operational psychology have received little public discussion apart from apologia by operational psychologists themselves. To stimulate public review of operational psychology, leaders of the movement to remove psychologists from national security interrogations convened, in September 2015, a group of experts to work towards a consensus set of principles to guide future discussion. Participants included psychologists, physicians, and social scientists; military and intelligence professionals; and attorneys, ethicists, and human rights advocates. The discussion also drew upon years of dialogue between participants and military health and intelligence professionals. The workshop produced “The Brookline Principles on the Ethical Practice of Operational Psychology,” with implications for the profession of psychology and for civil society.
Chemical Composition and Biological Studies of the Essential Oil from Aerial Parts of Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima (L.) Arcang. Growing in Tunisia
Authors: Zardi‐Bergaoui Afifa , Ben Nejma Aymen , Harzallah‐Skhiri Fethia , Flamini Guido , Ascrizzi Roberta , Ben Jannet Hichem 
Published: June 2017

The chemical composition, antioxidant, cytotoxic, anticholinesterase and anti‐tyrosinase activities of the hydrodistilled essential oil of the aerial parts of Beta vulgaris subsp. maritime (L.) Arcang. from Tunisia have been evaluated. The chemical composition of the oil (yield 0.037% [w/w]), determined by GC‐FID and GC/MS is reported for the first time. Twenty five components, accounting for 98.1% of the total oil have been identified. The oil was characterized by a high proportion of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (39.2%), followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (30.3%) and one apocarotenoids (26.3%). The main compounds were γ‐irone (26.3%), α‐cadinol (12.1%), T‐cadinol (10.6%), bicyclogermacrene (10.4%) and δ‐cadinene (6.0%). The isolated oil was tested for its antioxidant activity using the DPPH·, ABTS+·, catalase, and paraoxonase assays and also for its cytotoxic, anticholinesterase, and anti‐tyrosinase activities. The essential oil exhibited high antioxidant activity (IC50 = 0.055 ± 0.006 mg/ml) and important result oncatalase (524.447 ± 2.58 Units/mg protein). Furthermore, it exerted a significant cytotoxic effect against A549 cell line, with IC50 = 42.44 ± 1.40 μg/ml. The results indicate that the essential oil of B. vulgaris subsp. maritima (L.) Arcang. aerial parts may be used in future as an alternative to synthetic antioxidant agents, with potential application in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
“Typical symptoms in the atypical patient? Consider SCAD!”
Authors: Wood Malissa J. , Drachman Douglas E. 
Published: June 2017

Key Points

Consider SCAD as a potential etiology of cardiac ischemia in young, otherwise healthy patients
Cardiac biomarker testing should be included in the initial evaluation of young patients who present with possible cardiac symptoms
If unstable symptoms/ongoing ischemia are present, cardiac catheterization should be considered to diagnose and treat CAD regardless of etiology
Percutaneous coronary interventions in diabetics: The never‐ending challenge
Authors: Belardi Jorge A. , Candiello Alfonsina 
Published: June 2017

Key Points

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multisystem disorder and a recognized risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) and DM patient are particularly challenging for revascularization.
In this “real world” retrospective study post‐PCI DM patients showed a high risk profile compared to the non‐DM group, given by the higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, multiple vessel disease, and renal dysfunction, with the highest rates seen in the ITDM.
Only ITDM patients present higher 30‐day mortality compared to non‐DM patients in the urgent and primary PCI setting. Also ITDM, but not those NITDM patients, had an increased long‐term mortality in the overall cohort and in all PCI setting.