bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nine new species of Uramya Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tachinidae) from Area de Conservación Guanacaste in northwestern Costa Rica, with a key to their identification
Authors: Fleming AJ , Wood D. Monty , Smith M. Alex , Hallwachs Winnie , Janzen Daniel , Dapkey Tanya 
Published: March 2017

We describe nine new species in the genus Uramya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 from Area de Conservación Guanacaste (ACG) in northwestern Costa Rica. All species were reared from an ongoing inventory of wild-caught caterpillars spanning a variety of families (Lepidoptera: Erebidae; Limacodidae; Megalopygidae; Lasiocampidae and Dalceridae). Our study provides a concise description of each new species using morphology, life history, molecular data, and photographic documentation. In addition to the new species the authors provide a redescription the previously described Uramya sibinivora Guimarães, which was also collected within ACG during this study. We also provide a redescription of the genus, and a revised key to species of Uramya occurring in Central and South America.
The following nine new species of Uramya, all authored by Fleming & Wood, are described: Uramya albosetulosa Fleming & Wood sp. nov., Uramya constricta Fleming & Wood sp. nov., Uramya contraria Fleming & Wood sp. nov., Uramya infracta Fleming & Wood sp. nov., Uramya lativittata Fleming & Wood sp. nov., Uramya lunula Fleming & Wood sp. nov., Uramya nitida Fleming & Wood sp. nov., Uramya pannosa Fleming & Wood sp. nov., and Uramya penicillata Fleming & Wood sp. nov.
The following are proposed by Wood as new synonyms of Uramya: Olinda Townsend, syn. nov. and Procleonice Townsend, syn. nov. The following new combination is proposed as a result of the new synonymies: Uramya brasiliensis Macquart, comb. nov. Procleonice prolixa Townsend is synonymized under Uramya brevicauda Curran, syn. nov.
Round Table on Malignant Hyperthermia in Physically Active Populations: Meeting Proceedings
Authors: Hosokawa Yuri , Casa Douglas J. , Rosenberg Henry , Capacchione John F. , Sagui Emmanuel , Riazi Sheila , Belval Luke N. , Deuster Patricia A. , Jardine John F. , Kavouras Stavros A. , Lee Elaine C. , Miller Kevin C. , Muldoon Sheila M. , O'Connor Francis G. , Sailor Scott R. , Sambuughin Nyamkhishig , Stearns Rebecca L. , Adams William M. , Huggins Robert A. , Vandermark Lesley W. 
Published: March 2017

Context:
Recent case reports on malignant hyperthermia (MH)-like syndrome in physically active populations indicate potential associations among MH, exertional heat stroke (EHS), and exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER). However, an expert consensus for clinicians working with these populations is lacking.

Objective:
To provide current expert consensus on the (1) definition of MH; (2) history, etiology, and pathophysiology of MH; (3) epidemiology of MH; (4) association of MH with EHS and ER; (5) identification of an MH-like syndrome; (6) recommendations for acute management of an MH-like syndrome; (7) special considerations for physically active populations; and (8) future directions for research.

Setting:
An interassociation task force was formed by experts in athletic training, exercise science, anesthesiology, and emergency medicine. The “Round Table on Malignant Hyperthermia in Physically Active Populations” was convened at the University of Connecticut, Storrs, September 17–18, 2015.

Conclusions:
Clinicians should consider an MH-like syndrome when a diagnosis of EHS or ER cannot be fully explained by clinical signs and symptoms presented by a patient or when recurrent episodes of EHS or ER (or both) are unexplained. Further research is required to elucidate the genetic and pathophysiological links among MH, EHS, and ER.
Counting Separable Polynomials in ℤ/n[x]
Authors: Polak Jason K. C. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFor a commutative ring R, a polynomialf ∈ R[x] is called separable if R[x]/f is a separable R-algebra. We derive formulae for the number of separable polynomials when R = /n, extending a result of L. Carlitz. For instance, we show that the number of polynomials in /n[x] that are separable is ϕ(n)nd Πi(1 − ), where n = is the prime factorisation of n and ϕ is Euler’s totient function.
De democratische kwaliteit van gekozen en niet-gekozen vertegenwoordiging in gemeenten
Authors: van de  Bovenkamp Hester , Vollaard Hans 
Published: March 2017

The democratic quality of elected and non-elected representation in municipalities
The often gloomy analyses of democratic representation at the local level are frequently directed at the problems with parties and elections. Direct participation is not a good alternative because only certain people who are already politically active use it. However, with the help of the concept ‘representative claim’ and based on two qualitative case studies of decentralizations in the social domain, the authors show that there are other representative people besides elected politicians. These self-appointed, non-elected representatives may advocate on behalf of vulnerable groups who themselves do not have a strong voice in politics. In addition this study shows that elected representatives, like political parties and local counselors, can strengthen their representative role by: (1) cooperating better with the non-elected representatives, (2) highlighting their representational claims and the basis of these claims, and (3) strengthening their responsiveness towards their support base through authorization and other accountability structures other than elections. In this way the democratic representation in municipalities is reinforced and may be stronger than the often gloomy analyses suggest.
Adoption and relinquishment interventions at the animal shelter: a review
Authors: Protopopova A , Gunter LM 
Published: March 2017

AbstractEach year, nearly 4 million dogs will enter one of over 13,000 animal shelters operating in the United States. We review programmes implemented at shelters aimed at increasing the likelihood of adoption. The morphology of shelter dogs plays a large role in in-kennel adopter selection, but their behaviour is also influential in out-of-kennel adopter interactions. Previous studies suggest that dogs have the ability to readily learn new behaviours at the shelter, and programmes designed to improve behaviour of the dogs can increase adoption rates. Whilst human interaction has been well-established to improve behavioural and physiological outcomes of dogs living in shelters, analysis of the effects of sensory, environmental, and social-conspecific enrichment has not resulted in clear conclusions. We also review the literature on the relinquishment of owned dogs and return rates of previously adopted dogs. Whilst owner- and dog-related risks to relinquishment are discussed, we show that there is a notable lack of research into programmes that address issues that may prevent the initial surrender of dogs to shelters, or that could prevent re-relinquishment. It is likely that factors, unrelated to the dog, play a larger role than previously believed. Suggestions for further research include multi-site studies, investigations into the efficacy of in-shelter enrichment programmes, predictive validity of behavioural assessments, understanding of adopter behaviour at the shelter, and programmes within the community focused on keeping dogs in their homes.
A textlinguistic and genological approach to the letters of application
Authors: Gillaerts Paul 
Published: March 2017

In this article we analysed a corpus of letters of application that received an evaluation by the recruiters. We investigated whether there existed a correlation between the structural and linguistic characteristics of the letters and the positive or negative evaluation by the recruiting ofﬁcers. For the rhetorical structure of the letters of application, we adopted the genre approach by Bhatia (1993); for the persuasiveness of the style we used the metadiscursivity classiﬁcation of Louhiala-Salminen (1999). Both the move structure and the metadiscursivity seem to play an important role in the appreciation of the letters of application by the recruitment ofﬁcers. There is a signiﬁ cant correlation between the evaluation by the recruitment ofﬁcers on the one hand and the rhetorical structure and the use of metadiscursive elements on the other hand.
Sedentary Behavior and Blood Pressure in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Hubbard Elizabeth A. , Motl Robert W. , Fernhall Bo 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Background:
Sedentary behavior is a pervasive public health concern in the general population. To date, little is known regarding the possible health risks associated with sedentary behavior in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), although this population has increased risks of comorbidities such as hypertension.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study examined the association between sedentary behavior and blood pressure (BP) in 31 patients with MS and 31 matched controls. Self-reported sitting time, one form of sedentary behavior, was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Using an automated oscillometric monitor, systolic BP, diastolic BP, and mean arterial pressure were measured in the supine position after 10 minutes of rest lying down in a quiet room.

Results:
There were significant correlations between International Physical Activity Questionnaire–measured sitting time and systolic BP (r = 0.365, P = .044, 95% CI, 0.013–0.636), diastolic BP (r = 0.382, P = .034, 95% CI, 0.032–0.648), and mean arterial pressure (r = 0.425, P = .017, 95% CI, 0.084–0.677) in patients with MS but not in controls (P &gt; .05). The associations in patients with MS were unchanged even after adjusting for body mass index in linear regression analyses.

Conclusions:
This study identified a significant association between sitting time and BP outcomes in patients with MS, supporting the need for additional examinations of sitting time and its possible health consequences in patients with MS.
Projecting the Adequacy of the Multiple Sclerosis Neurologist Workforce
Authors: Halpern Michael T. , Kane Heather , Teixeira-Poit Stephanie , Ford Corey , Giesser Barbara , Halper June , Johnson Shana , LaRocca Nicholas G. , Miller Aaron , Ringel Steven P. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackground:Anecdotal reports suggest shortages among neurologists who provide multiple sclerosis (MS) patient care. However, little information is available regarding the current and future supply of and demand for this neurologist workforce.Methods:We used information from neurologist and neurology resident surveys, professional organizations, and previously reported studies to develop a model assessing the projected supply and demand (ie, expected physician visits) of neurologists providing MS patient care. Model projections extended through 2035.Results:The capacity for MS patient visits among the overall neurologist workforce is projected to increase by approximately 1% by 2025 and by 12% by 2035. However, the number of individuals with MS may increase at a greater rate, potentially resulting in decreased access to timely and high-quality care for this patient population. Shortages in the MS neurologist workforce may be particularly acute in small cities and rural areas. Based on model sensitivity analyses, potential strategies to substantially increase the capacity for MS physicians include increasing the number of patients with MS seen per neurologist, offering incentives to decrease neurologist retirement rates, and increasing the number of MS fellowship program positions.Conclusions:The neurologist workforce may be adequate for providing MS care currently, but shortages are projected over the next 2 decades. To help ensure access to needed care and support optimal outcomes among individuals with MS, policies and strategies to enhance the MS neurologist workforce must be explored now.
Comment on “Most computational hydrology is not reproducible, so is it really science?” by Christopher Hutton et al.
Authors: Melsen Lieke A. , Torfs Paul J. J. F. , Uijlenhoet Remko , Teuling Adriaan J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe discuss two definitions of reproducibility, and question if both definitions are required to be met in computational hydrological studies.
Direct Reductive Amination of Aldehydes via Environmentally Benign Bentonite‐Gold Nanohybrid Catalysis
Authors: Maya R. J. , Poulose Susanna , John Jubi , Luxmi Varma R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAn efficient, green and reliable method for the direct reductive amination of aldehydes was developed using an environmentally benign bentonite‐gold nanohybrid catalyst. Use of this heterogeneous catalyst affords a variety of secondary amines in excellent yield under ambient reaction conditions in the presence of phenyldimethylsilane as mild hydride donor. The catalyst is recyclable, selective and is well applicable for the gram‐scale preparation of secondary amines.magnified image
Vicinal Difunctionalization of Alkenes under Iodine(III) Catalysis involving Lewis Base Adducts
Authors: Aertker Kristina , Rama Raquel J. , Opalach Julita , Muñiz Kilian 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe influence of a 2‐pyridinyl substituent on the catalytic performance of aryl iodides as catalyst in iodine(III) chemistry was explored. An efficient Lewis base adduct between the pyridine nitrogen and the electrophilic iodine(III) center was identified and confirmed by X‐ray analysis. This arrangement was shown to generate a kinetically competent superior catalyst structure for the catalytic dioxygenation of alkenes. It introduces the concept of Lewis base adduct formation as a kinetic factor in iodine(I/III) catalysis.magnified image
The role of interlayer grafting on the mechanical properties of magadiite/styrene‐butadiene rubber composites
Authors: Mao Yating , Li Shigeng , Ploehn Harry J. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTThis work examines the mechanisms by which magadiite (MGD), a synthetic layered silicate, acts as an active filler to provide high levels of mechanical reinforcement in styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) composites. Cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA+) expands the MGD layer spacing and promotes intercalation of SBR and silane coupling agent (Si69); the resulting CMGD/SBR composites have greater tensile moduli than comparable silica/SBR composites. CMGD was reacted in solution with Si69 (or MPTES) to prepare “pre‐grafted” MGD with varying levels of interlayer silane functionalization (SMGD). If the silane graft density is relatively low, the resulting SMGD/SBR composite has mechanical properties comparable to CMGD composites prepared with Si69 added during batch mixing. However, SMGD with high silane graft density does not permit SBR intercalation and produces composites with inferior mechanical properties, demonstrating the necessity of silane‐mediated interlayer grafting. Omitting Si69 from the formulation dramatically reduces the level of mechanical reinforcement as measured by DMA and tensile testing. Adding extra bulk sulfur (to replace sulfur omitted with Si69) does not produce composites with mechanical properties comparable to CMGD/SBR or SMGD/SBR prepared with Si69. This work demonstrates that silane‐mediated SBR‐MGD grafts within the MGD interlayer space are essential for achieving high levels of mechanical reinforcement in MGD/SBR composites. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45025.
Boric acid incorporated on the surface of reactive nanosilica providing a nano‐crosslinker with potential in guar gum fracturing fluid
Authors: Zhang Zifeng , Pan Hao , Liu Peisong , Zhao Mengyun , Li Xiaohong , Zhang Zhijun 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTSmall molecule borate crosslinker widely used in hydraulic fracturing treatment has a low crosslinking efficiency of less than 1%. Thus boric acid was introduced onto the surface of reactive nanosilica (denoted as nano‐SiO2; size: about 20 nm) containing NH2 group to obtain a nanosilica‐based crosslinker (denoted as nano‐crosslinker) with increased crosslinking efficiency, thereby broadening the application of nano‐SiO2 in guar gum fracturing fluid. Moreover, the influence of the as‐prepared nano‐crosslinker on the rheological behavior of guar gum gel was investigated with borate crosslinker as a reference. Results show that boric acid chemically reacts with the amino group of the reactive nano‐SiO2 to form NB bond, which is beneficial to the formation of the network structure of guar gum gel. The guar gum gel crosslinked with the 57 ppm of borate based on the carrier of nano‐SiO2 exhibits better temperature tolerance and shear resistance as well as breaking behavior than the counterpart crosslinked with 200 ppm of borate. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45037.
Optical coherence tomography in biofilm research: A comprehensive review
Authors: Wagner Michael , Horn Harald 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTImaging of biofilm systems is a prerequisite for a better understanding of both structure and its function. The review aims to critically discuss the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for the visualization of the biofilm structure as well as its dynamic behavior. A short overview on common and well‐known, established imaging techniques for biofilms such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), Raman microscopy (RM), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) paves the way to imaging biofilms at the mesoscale, which is perfectly covered by means of OCT. Principle, resolution, imaging velocity, and limitations of OCT are subsequently presented and discussed in the context of biofilm applications. Examples are provided showing the strength of this technique with respect to the visualization of the mesoscopic biofilm structure as well as the estimation of flow profiles and shear rates. Common and new structural parameters derived from OCT datasets are presented. Additionally, the review shows the importance of OCT with respect to a better description of mechanical biofilm properties. Finally, the implementation of multi‐dimensional OCT datasets in biofilm modelling is shown by several examples aiming on an improved understanding of mass transfer at the bulk‐biofilm interface. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 1386–1402. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prognostic impact of margin status in liver resections for colorectal metastases after bevacizumab
Authors: Sasaki K , Margonis G A , Andreatos N , Wilson A , Weiss M , Wolfgang C , Sergentanis T N , Polychronidis G , He J , Pawlik T M 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Background
Margin status with resection of colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) was an important prognostic factor in the years before the introduction of biological chemotherapy. This study examined outcomes following CRLM resection in patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without the monoclonal antiangiogenic antibody bevacizumab.

Methods
Patients who underwent surgery for CRLM at the Johns Hopkins Hospital between 2000 and 2015 were identified from an institutional database. Data regarding surgical margin status, preoperative bevacizumab administration and overall survival (OS) were assessed using multivariable analyses.

Results
Of 630 patients who underwent CRLM resection, 417 (66·2 per cent) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with (214, 34·0 per cent) or without (203, 32·2 per cent) bevacizumab. The remaining 213 (33·8 per cent) did not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Univariable analysis found that positive margins were associated with worse 5-year OS than R0 resection (36·2 versus 54·9 per cent; P = 0·005). After dichotomizing by the receipt of preoperative bevacizumab versus chemotherapy alone, the prognostic value of pathological margin persisted among patients who did not receive preoperative bevacizumab (5-year OS 53·0 versus 37 per cent after R0versus R1 resection; P = 0·010). OS was not significantly associated with margin status in bevacizumab-treated patients (5-year OS 46·8 versus 33 per cent after R0versus R1 resection; P = 0·081), in whom 5-year survival was slightly worse (presumably reflecting more advanced disease) than among patients treated with cytotoxic agents alone. Pathological margin status was not significantly associated with 5-year OS in patients with a complete or near-complete response to chemotherapy and bevacizumab (43 versus 30 per cent after R0versus R1 resection; P = 0·917), but this may be due to a type II error.

Conclusion
The impact of margin status varied according to the receipt of bevacizumab. Bevacizumab may have a role to play in improving outcomes among patients with more advanced disease.
Highly Ordered Mesostructured Vanadium Phosphonate toward Electrode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Mei Peng , Pramanik Malay , Lee Jaewoo , Ide Yusuke , Alothman Zeid Abdullah , Kim Jung Ho , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHighly ordered mesostructured vanadium phosphonates (VP) have been synthesized in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a structure‐directing agent. Nitrilotris(methylene)triphosphonic acid (NMPA) and (ammonium/sodium) metavanadate (NH4VO3/NaVO3) have been used for the construction of pore walls. The CTAB templates are removed from the materials by an extraction process without destroying the parent mesostructure. The formation mechanism for the ordered mesoporous structure and its impact on electrochemical application in lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are explained by considering the structural and electrochemical stability of the framework. The results demonstrate that the counter cations (NH4+/Na+) of the metavanadate precursors have a crucial role in stabilizing the mesoporous structure of the mesoporous VP materials. Mesoporous VP materials with highly ordered structure have great applicability as high‐performance electrode materials in LIBs due to the advantages of their large contact area with electrolyte and short transport paths for lithium ions. Mesoporous VP electrodes exhibit high reversible specific capacity with superb cycling stability (100 cycles) and excellent retention of capacity (92 %).
Echocardiography fails to detect left ventricular noncompaction in a cohort of patients with noncompaction on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Diwadkar Sachin , Nallamshetty Leelakrishna , Rojas Carlos , Athienitis Alexia , Declue Chris , Cox Chad , Patel Aarti , Chae Sanders H. 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundLeft ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a rare disorder characterized by increased left ventricular trabeculation, deep intertrabecular recesses, and a thin compacted myocardial layer with associated clinical sequelae. Cardiac imaging with echocardiogram and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMRI) can detect variable myocardial morphology including excessive trabeculations. Multiple CMRI and echocardiographic criteria have been offered that attempt to identify LVNC morphology. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of echocardiogram in identifying LVNC in a cohort of patients with LVNC detected on CMRI.HypothesisEchocardiography fails to identify LVNC morphology in a large proportion of patients with LVNC/hypertrabeculation detected on CMRI.MethodsThere were 1060 CMRI studies collected from 2009 to 2015 at 2 institutions. The patients included in this study (n = 37) met the criteria for LVNC on CMRI and had complete CMRI and echocardiogram images Clinical and imaging data were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsOf the 37 patients with LVNC on CMRI, only 10 patients (27%) had LVNC identified on echocardiogram (P < 0.0001, 95% confidence interval: 25.7%‐66.2%). Echocardiography and CMRI were also significantly different in terms of identification of distribution of LVNC. Although 21 of 37 patients (57%) had evidence of LVNC in either the anterior or lateral walls on CMRI, there were 0 patients with LVNC detected in the anterior or lateral walls on echocardiogram (P = 0.019).ConclusionsEchocardiogram fails to detect LVNC morphology/hypertrabeculation in a significant number of a cohort of patients with LVNC on CMRI. LVNC may be missed if echocardiogram is the only imaging modality performed in a cardiac evaluation.