bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of distributed BMPs in an urban watershed—High resolution modeling for stormwater management
Authors: Fry Timothy J. , Maxwell Reed M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe urban environment modifies the hydrologic cycle resulting in increased runoff rates, volumes, and peak flows. Green infrastructure, which uses best management practices (BMPs), is a natural system approach used to mitigate the impacts of urbanization onto stormwater runoff. Patterns of stormwater runoff from urban environments are complex, and it is unclear how efficiently green infrastructure will improve the urban water cycle. These challenges arise from issues of scale, the merits of BMPs depend on changes to small‐scale hydrologic processes aggregated up from the neighborhood to the urban watershed. Here, we use a hyper‐resolution (1 m), physically based hydrologic model of the urban hydrologic cycle with explicit inclusion of the built environment. This model represents the changes to hydrology at the BMP scale (~1 m) and represents each individual BMP explicitly to represent response over the urban watershed. Our study varies both the percentage of BMP emplacement and their spatial location for storm events of increasing intensity in an urban watershed. We develop a metric of effectiveness that indicates a nonlinear relationship that is seen between percent BMP emplacement and storm intensity. Results indicate that BMP effectiveness varies with spatial location and that type and emplacement within the urban watershed may be more important than overall percent.
Risk factors associated with failure of treatment for cesarean scar pregnancy
Authors: Chiang Ying‐Cheng , Tu Yi‐An , Yang Jehn‐Hsiahn , Lin Shin‐Yu , Lee Chien‐Nan , Shih Jin‐Chung 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo identify risk factors associated with treatment failure among women with cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP).MethodsIn a retrospective study, the medical records of patients with CSP treated at National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, from 1994 to 2015 were reviewed. The women were managed primarily with hysterotomy, evacuation, or methotrexate. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the factors associated with treatment failure.ResultsAmong 90 patients, 44 underwent hysterotomy, 18 underwent evacuation, and 28 received methotrexate. The success rates were 100% (44/44) for hysterotomy, 83% (15/18) for evacuation, and 57% (16/28) for methotrexate (P<0.001). ROC curve analysis indicated that a pregnancy length of 8 weeks and a mean sac diameter (MSD) of 4 cm were both predictive of failure of treatment by primary evacuation and methotrexate. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, an MSD of 4 cm or more was the only independent risk factor for treatment failure (odds ratio 68.99, 95% confidence interval 6.27–759.60; P=0.001).ConclusionPrimary hysterotomy was suitable for treatment of CSP of any size. Failure of primary evacuation or methotrexate usually occurred when the MSD was larger than 4 cm.
Improving Modelling of Discharge Coefficient of Triangular Labyrinth Lateral Weirs Using SVM, GMDH and MARS Techniques
Authors: Parsaie Abbas , Haghiabi Amir Hamzeh 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this study the discharge coefficient (Cd) of labyrinth lateral weirs was modelled and predicted using artificial neural network (ANN), adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), support vector machine (SVM), group method of data handling (GMDH), and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) techniques. To this end, a related data set was collected from the literature. Results indicated that the proposed ANN model includes two hidden layers with eight and five neurons in the first and second hidden layers, respectively. Testing transfer functions demonstrated that the radial basis function (RBF) has the best outcome. Evaluating the performance of the ANN model shows that this model with a coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.96) and root mean square error (RMSE =0.07) in the testing stage has suitable functionality. Reviewing the ANFIS model showed that this model with one hidden layer containing seven membership functions within the Gaussian function could achieve R2 = 0.94 and RMSE =0.136 for predicting the discharge coefficient. During preparation of SVM, it was found that this model with RBF as the best kernel function obtained R2 = 0.96 and RMSE =0.07. The structure of the MARS and GMDH models pointed out that the Froude number, grandiose index and ratio of upstream flow depth to the height of weir are the most effective parameters for predicting the discharge coefficient. Minimum R2 and RMSE achieved were equal to 0.93 and 0.08, respectively, in the testing stage for the MARS and GMDH models. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Deep networks for predicting direction of change in foreign exchange rates
Authors: Galeshchuk Svitlana , Mukherjee Sumitra 
Published: March 2017

SummaryTrillions of dollars are traded daily on the foreign exchange (forex) market, making it the largest financial market in the world. Accurate forecasting of forex rates is a necessary element in any effective hedging or speculation strategy in the forex market. Time series models and shallow neural networks provide acceptable point estimates for future rates but are poor at predicting the direction of change and, hence, are not very useful for supporting profitable trading strategies. Machine learning classifiers trained on input features crafted based on domain knowledge produce marginally better results. The recent success of deep networks is partially attributable to their ability to learn abstract features from raw data. This motivates us to investigate the ability of deep convolution neural networks to predict the direction of change in forex rates. Exchange rates for the currency pairs EUR/USD, GBP/USD and JPY/USD are used in experiments. Results demonstrate that trained deep networks achieve satisfactory out‐of‐sample prediction accuracy.
Iatrogenic thyrotoxicosis and the role of therapeutic plasma exchange
Authors: Shah Kabeer K. , Mbughuni Michael M. , Burgstaler Edwin A. , Block Darci R. , Winters Jeffrey L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThyroid storm or severe thyrotoxicosis results from extreme thyroid hormone elevation. Therapy includes medical management to prevent hormone production, release, recycling, and peripheral conversion while stabilizing adrenergic tone. Thyroid dysfunction is the usual cause but it can be due to excessive thyroid hormone ingestion. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has been used to rapidly remove protein‐bound thyroid hormone. American Society for Apheresis guidelines make a weak recommendation to perform TPE in selected patients in the treatment of thyrotoxicosis based on low quality evidence. We present a case of excessive thyroid replacement hormone ingestion treated by TPE. The patient presented with the clinical picture of thyroid storm, including cardiovascular compromise and massively elevated total and free T3 (525 ng/dL, nl 80–200 ng/dL and 28 pg/mL, nl 2.0–3.5 11 pg/mL), which failed medical therapy. A single, one plasma volume TPE was performed. Both total and free T3 demonstrated substantial declines immediately after TPE with the patient's mental status returning to near‐normal. Thyroid hormone extraction efficiency and collection efficacy were calculated as 37.1% and 40.8%, respectively. Prior to discharge on day 6, the patient's compounding pharmacy indicated that a “bad batch” of bovine thyroid gland derived replacement hormone had been produced. TPE appears to be effective in removing protein bound thyroid hormone in extreme iatrogenic thyrotoxicosis.
Cu‐free Sonogashira Type Cross‐Coupling of 6‐Halo‐2‐cyclopropyl‐3‐(pyridyl‐3‐ylmethyl) Quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones as Potential Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Poudapally Suresh , Gurram Venkateshwarlu , Garlapati Ramesh , Tulluri Chiranjeevi , Addepally Uma , Vidya K. , Sharma Somesh , Sen Subhabrata , Pottabathini Narender 
Published: March 2017

C(sp)–C(sp2) bond formation via Sonogashira cross‐coupling reactions on 6‐halo‐2‐cyclopropyl‐3‐(pyridyl‐3‐ylmethyl)quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones with appropriate alkynes was explored. Optimization of reaction conditions with various catalysts, ligands, bases, and solvents was conducted. The combination of PdCl2(MeCN)2 with X‐Phos proved to be the best metal–ligand system for this conversion in the presence of triethylamine (Et3N) in tetrahydrofuran at room temperature for iodosubstrates, at 80°C for the bromosubstrates in 8 h, and also for the chlorosubstrates in 16 h. We also demonstrated synthesis of a successful diversity‐oriented synthesis library of highly functionalized quinazolinones via Cu‐free Sonogashira coupling of diverse aryl halides and azido‐alkyne (“click”) ligation reactions with substituted azides. The library exhibited significant antimicrobial activity when screened against several microorganisms.
A 7000‐year high‐resolution lake sediment record from coastal central Chile (Lago Vichuquén, 34°S): implications for past sea level and environmental variability
Authors: Frugone‐Álvarez Matías , Latorre Claudio , Giralt Santiago , Polanco‐Martínez Josué , Bernárdez Patricia , Oliva‐Urcia Belén , Maldonado Antonio , Carrevedo María Laura , Moreno Ana , Delgado Huertas Antonio , Prego Ricardo , Barreiro‐Lostres Fernando , Valero‐Garcés Blas 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTWe present a 7‐ka environmental reconstruction based on sedimentological and geochemical data from Lago Vichuquén, a coastal eutrophic lake in central Chile (34°48′S, 72°03′ W, 4 m a.s.l.). A relatively shallow and restricted marine environment with low productivity, high detrital input and dominant anoxic conditions in the Vichuquén Basin occurred from 7.0 to 6.5 cal ka BP. Rapid onset of a Holocene marine transgression at 6.5 cal ka BP favoured deeper and more biologically productive environments that existed until 2.8 cal ka BP. Bioproductivity changes during the mid‐Holocene (6.5–4.2 cal ka BP) were related to upwelling dynamics controlled by the intensity of the South‐east Pacific Anticyclone (SPA). Periods with lower organic productivity and dominant anoxic conditions reflect an increased intensity of SPA (increased upwelling) and decreased precipitation. A shift at ∼4.0 cal ka BP reflects the onset of modern Southern Westerly Winds and El Niño‐Southern Oscillation patterns. Tectonic uplifting and geormorphological activity (dune advancement) are possible reasons behind the Vichuquén Basin closure at ∼1.2 cal ka BP, leading to a low bioproductivity lacustrine environment which has developed until the present. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Local recurrence after laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation of malignant liver tumors: Results of a contemporary series
Authors: Takahashi Hideo , Akyuz Muhammet , Aksoy Erol , Karabulut Koray , Berber Eren 
Published: March 2017

IntroductionThe aims of this study were to determine the incidence of Local recurrence (LR) in patients at long‐term follow‐up after laparoscopic RFA (LRFA) and also to determine the risk factors for LR from a contemporary series.MethodsPatients undergoing LRFA between 2005 and 2014 by a single surgeon were reviewed. Demographic and perioperative data were analyzed from a prospective database.ResultsLRFA was performed on 316 patients with 901 lesions. Median follow‐up was 25 months, with 76% of whom completed at least one year of follow‐up. The LR rate was 18.4%. The LR in patients followed for less than 12 months was 13.8%, 20.3% for 12 months, and 19.7% for 18 months (P = 0.02). One‐fourth of the LRs developed after the 1st year. Morbidity was 8.9% and mortality 0.3%. Tumor type, size, ablation margin, and surgeon experience affected LR, with tumor type, size, and ablation margin being independent.ConclusionsThis study shows that 14% of malignant liver tumors will develop LR within a year after LRFA. Additional 4% of the lesions will demonstrate recurrence within 1 cm of the ablation zone, mostly as part of a multifocal recurrence. Ablation margin is the only parameter that the surgeon can manipulate to decrease LR.
Linking Organizational Commitment and Work Engagement to Employee Performance
Authors: Cesário Francisco , Chambel Maria José 
Published: March 2017

The need for a strong organizational commitment and a high work engagement have been frequently labelled by organization as critical success factors to achieve higher performance. But are they in fact related to employee performance? And if so, do they have the same strength and intensity as performance predictors? In this study, we used a Work Engagement Scale, commitment scale and employee performance measured through an almost real performance measure, where employees were asked to indicate the latest year's performance appraisal rating reported by their manager. Data analysed (N = 274 workers) first confirmed the existence of a positive relation between performance and effective commitment, normative commitment and work engagement with engagement showing a stronger association. Second, only work engagement was relevant to explain employee performance because commitment did not present significant predictor strength. An important implication of this study is that employers should assume the relevance of developing adequate and challenging work conditions, human resources practices and atmosphere so that employees can increase their passion for the work they are doing. Company leaders should self‐address some related questions raised from this study: are some employees in the company engaged with their work but not committed to the organization? Committed to stay with the company but not engaged with their work? Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contrasting NPQ dynamics and xanthophyll cycling in a motile and a non‐motile intertidal benthic diatom
Authors: Blommaert Lander , Huysman Marie J. J. , Vyverman Wim , Lavaud Johann , Sabbe Koen 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDiatoms living in intertidal sediments have to be able to rapidly adjust photosynthesis in response to often pronounced changes in light intensity during tidal cycles and changes in weather conditions. Strategies to deal with oversaturating light conditions, however, differ between growth forms. Motile epipelic diatoms can migrate to more optimal light conditions. In contrast, non‐motile epipsammic diatoms appear to mainly rely on higher Non‐Photochemical Quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll a fluorescence to dissipate excess light energy, and this has been related to a larger pool of xanthophyll cycle (XC) pigments. We studied the effect of 1 h high Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR) (2000 μmol photons m−2 s−1) on the kinetics of the xanthophyll cycle and NPQ in both a motile diatom (Seminavis robusta) and a non‐motile diatom (Opephora guenter‐grassii) in an experimental set‐up which did not allow for vertical migration. O. guenter‐grassii could rapidly switch NPQ on and off by relying on fast XC kinetics. This species also demonstrated high de novo synthesis of xanthophylls within a relatively short period of time (1 h), including significant amounts of zeaxanthin, a feature not observed before in other diatoms. In contrast, S. robusta showed slower NPQ and associated XC kinetics, partly relying on NPQ conferred by de novo synthetized diatoxanthin molecules and synthesis of Light‐Harvesting Complex X (LHCX) isoforms. Part of this observed NPQ increase, however, is sustained quenching (NPQs). Our data illustrate the high and diverse adaptive capacity of microalgal growth forms to maximize photosynthesis in dynamic light environments.
Webcam consultations for diabetes: findings from four years of experience in Newham
Authors: Morris Joanne , Campbell‐Richards Desiree , Wherton Joseph , Sudra Rita , Vijayaraghavan Shanti , Greenhalgh Trisha , Collard Anna , Byrne Emma , O'Shea Teresa 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNewham diabetes service supports an ethnically diverse population in a deprived urban area and exemplifies challenges faced throughout the NHS with rising demand, high outpatient ‘did not attend’ (DNA) rates (33–50% depending on age) and poor health outcomes.With funding from the Health Foundation, we aimed to provide more accessible and cost‐effective care by replacing selected follow‐up outpatient appointments with webcam consultations. This paper reports a mixed methods evaluation comprising attendance and biomarker data, and patient and staff interviews.Consultations were offered to clinically suitable adults aged over 18 and supported using everyday technology available in most people's homes (computer or smartphone, Wi‐Fi connection).From 2011–2014, 480 online appointments were scheduled by one consultant and one diabetes specialist nurse. Overall, the DNA rate was 13% (compared to 28% for all outpatient appointments for the same patients). There were an additional 152 ‘patient‐initiated’ webcam appointments (in which patients made contact for a Skype consultation in between their scheduled appointments).Quantitative data were inconclusive, although an improvement in HbA1c levels (though not statistically significant) was evident for those using the webcam service. A&E attendance data showed greater uncertainty, partly due to the relatively small number of A&E events.Qualitative data indicated that patients found the service convenient, empowering and dependent on a pre‐existing relationship with their clinician, and delivering as good a quality of care as face to face. Patients and staff felt that webcam appointments were not appropriate for all encounters, but could be interspersed with traditional clinic visits. No critical incidents occurred.Modest efficiency savings were identified, through a decrease in DNAs and increased productivity – with clear savings for patients. Further work is ongoing to understand system‐wide changes required to embed this intervention longer term. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons.
An alpha‐synuclein MRM assay with diagnostic potential for Parkinson's disease and monitoring disease progression
Authors: Yang Li , Stewart Tessandra , Shi Min , Pottiez Gwenael , Dator Romel , Wu Rui , Aro Patrick , Schuster Robert J. , Ginghina Carmen , Pan Catherine , Gao Yuqian , Qian Weijun , Zabetian Cyrus P. , Hu Shu‐Ching , Quinn Joseph F. , Zhang Jing 
Published: March 2017

AimThe alpha‐synuclein (α‐syn) level in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as measured by immunoassays, is promising as a Parkinson's disease (PD) biomarker. However, the levels of total α‐syn are inconsistent among studies with large cohorts and different measurement platforms. Total α‐syn level also does not correlate with disease severity or progression. Here, the authors developed a highly sensitive MRM method to measure absolute CSF α‐syn peptide concentrations without prior enrichment or fractionation, aiming to discover new candidate biomarkers.ResultsSix peptides covering 73% of protein sequence were reliably identified, and two were consistently quantified in cross‐sectional and longitudinal cohorts. Absolute concentration of α‐syn in human CSF was determined to be 2.1 ng/mL. A unique α‐syn peptide, TVEGAGSIAAATGFVK (81‐96), displayed excellent correlation with previous immunoassay results in two independent PD cohorts (p < 0.001), correlated with disease severity, and its changes significantly tracked the disease progression longitudinally.ConclusionsAn MRM assay to quantify human CSF α‐syn was developed and optimized. Sixty clinical samples from cross‐sectional and longitudinal PD cohorts were analyzed with this approach. Although further larger scale validation is needed, the results suggest that α‐syn peptide could serve as a promising biomarker in PD diagnosis and progression.
68Ga‐PSMA‐PET for radiation treatment planning in prostate cancer recurrences after surgery: Individualized medicine or new standard in salvage treatment
Authors: Habl Gregor , Sauter Katharina , Schiller Kilian , Dewes Sabrina , Maurer Tobias , Eiber Matthias , Combs Stephanie E. 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND68Ga‐PSMA‐PET imaging is a novel promising diagnostic tool to locate early biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy (RP) in prostate cancer (PC) patients. Exact knowledge of the relapse location may result in changes of the therapy concept aside from changes to the TNM stage. To gain data for this approach, we evaluated PC patients receiving 68Ga‐PSMA‐PET imaging before salvage radiotherapy (RT).METHODS AND MATERIALSIn this study, 100 patients with biochemical failure after RP± prior RT who underwent 68Ga‐PSMA PET/CT or PET/MRI were evaluated undergoing salvage RT in our department. We analyzed TNM staging changes due to 68Ga‐PSMA‐PET imaging and its influence on RT planning and treatment.RESULTSUptake indicative for tumor recurrence in 68Ga‐PSMA‐PET was found in 76% of the patients with biochemical recurrent PC. Median PSA level was 1.0 ng/mL (range 0.12‐14.7 ng/mL). Of these, 80% showed no morphological correlate in the corresponding CT or MRI. A 43% of all patients experienced a change in TNM stage due to 68Ga‐PSMA‐PET imaging. Patients had changes from Tx to rcT+ (28%), 12% from pN0 to rcN1, 1% from pN0/cM0 to rcM1a, and 8% from cM0 to rcM1b. Due to the additional knowledge of 68Ga‐PSMA‐PET imaging, initial planned RT planning was adapted in 59% of all cases. An additional simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) to the prostate bed or lymph nodes was given to 32% and 63%, respectively. Ten patients received stereotactic body RT (SBRT) to single bone metastases.CONCLUSION68Ga‐PSMA‐PET imaging showed a high clinical impact on staging and RT management in patients with biochemically recurrent PC, even at low serum PSA levels. With 43% changes in staging and 59% in radiotherapy planning 68Ga‐PSMA‐PET could lead to an indispensable tool in guiding radiation treatment in recurrent PC.
EPSPS gene amplification conferring resistance to glyphosate in windmill grass (Chloris truncata) in Australia
Authors: Ngo The D , Malone Jenna M , Boutsalis Peter , Gill Gurjeet , Preston Christopher 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDFive glyphosate‐resistant populations of Chloris truncata originally collected from New South Wales were compared with one susceptible (S) population from South Australia to confirm glyphosate resistance and elucidate possible mechanisms of resistance.RESULTSBased on the amounts of glyphosate required to kill 50% of treated plants (LD50), glyphosate resistance (GR) was confirmed in five populations of C. truncata (A536, A528, T27, A534 and A535.1). GR plants were 2.4–8.7‐fold more resistant and accumulated less shikimate after glyphosate treatment than S plants. There was no difference in glyphosate absorption and translocation between GR and S plants. The EPSPS gene did not contain any point mutation that had previously been associated with resistance to glyphosate. The resistant plants (A528 and A536) contained up to 32–48 more copies of the EPSPS gene than the susceptible plants.CONCLUSIONThis study has identified EPSPS gene amplification contributing to glyphosate resistance in C. truncata. In addition, a Glu‐91‐Ala mutation within EPSPS was identified that may contribute to glyphosate resistance in this species. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry