bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REPRODUCTION BIOLOGY EASTERN LITTLE TUNA Euthynnus affinis IN THE SUNDA STRAIT
Authors: Ardelia Vera , Vitner Yon , Boer Mennofatria 
Published: January 2018

Eastern little tuna is small pelagic fish that has high economic value. Fishing effort of the eastern little tuna for the last eight years have also exceeded the optimum level. To ensure the sustainability of the pelagic fish resources, it is necessary to perform the management efforts. This study was to observe reproductive Biology of the eastern little tuna, as one of the necessary information in the management of fishery resources. Fish -samples were collected from the catch of local fishermen in April-August 2015. Based on T test (α = 0,05), the eastern little tuna males and females showed positive allometric growth patterns. Average size of the first time caught fish for the female (308,37 mm) and male (280,63 mm) was smaller than that observed in those first time maturity gonads (ranging 407-408 mm for female and 438-440 mm for male). The eastern little tuna spawn gradually or partially (partial spawner), and have high reproductive potential with fecundity ranged 17.814-560.792 eggs (average fecundity: 109.807) in fish of 285-630 mm body length. The gonad maturity level of the eastern Little Tuna is dominated by Gonad maturity level I and II,(immature). The value of gonad maturity for the female level is about 0,0769-0,6879 and the male is 0,1913-0,3000.
ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AT MAJAKERTA ESTUARY AND ITS SURROUNDING WATERS, INDRAMAYU REGENCY, WEST JAVA PROVINCE
Authors: Widyarini Happy , Pratiwi Niken T.M. , Sulistiono . 
Published: January 2018

Majakerta estuary and its surrounding waters have a high potential fishery resource which is commonly utilized by the community around the area. Fluctuation of physical and chemical parameters of the waters and fishery activities around the estuary can influence the existence of zooplankton. This study was conducted from December 2014 to May 2015. Samples of the zooplankton were collected monthly at four stations (consisted of sea, river and estuary areas). Based on the study, zooplankton in the Majakerta estuary and its surrounding waters consisted of six classes; i.e. Protozoa (11 genera), Crustaceae (4 genera, 1 nauplius stadia), and Rotifera (4 genera). A higher abundance was found at the sea (29025 ind./m3), while a lower abundance was at the river and estuary (7147 ind./m3 dan 7582 ind./m3). Based on the zooplankton diversity index, it can be inferred that the value was relatively low. There were two habitat groups, namely Station Group 1 (Station 1 and 2; river and estuary) and Station Group 2 (Station 3 and 4; sea) with influencing parameters such as transparency, pH, and salinity. Keywords: estuary, Majakerta, zooplankton, community structure
PRELIMINARY STUDY OF LARVAL DEVELOPMENT Oryzias javanicus IN INDONESIA
Authors: Puspitasari Rachma , Suratno . 
Published: January 2018

Java medaka Oryzias javanicus potentially developed as test organism, represents the coastal region because it has a high adaptability in freshwater, brackishwater and marine environments. Utilization of it as a test organism has some obstacles such as lack of number of test organisms with same size or age. The fulfillment of number can be solved if the test organism is cultivated exclusively in the laboratory. This study was a preliminary study to get information about suitable salinity for spawning and hatching. Parameter observed were spawning ability in 0 and 20 ppt and hatching rate of egg among 0. 15 and 30 ppt and development of larval fish in 0 ppt. Result indicated that the fish was be able to spawn in 0 and 20 ppt. Eggs were hatched within 9 days in 30 ppt, faster than in freshwater and 15 ppt. In general, O. javanicus was be able to spawn either in freshwater or seawater, but there are differences in the behavior of fish in the laying of egg. Fish will carried their eggs in the abdomen in freshwater, while 20 ppt salinity fish tends to release the eggs. O. javanicus be able to live and lay eggs on freshwater and seawater. Selection of salinity is adjusted to test requirement in egg phase, pascalarva or adult. In general, breeding of fish easier and faster done in fresh water while hatching eggs take place more quickly in high salinity.Keywords: Indonesia, Java Medaka, Oryzias javanicus, test organism
POPULATION STRUCTURE AND MORPHOMETRY OF HORSESHOE CRAB Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda, Latreille 1802 IN KAMPUNG GISI COASTAL AREA OF BINTAN BAY OF RIAU ISLANDS PROVINCE
Authors: Anggraini Rika , Bengen Dietriech G. , Natih Nyoman Metta N. 
Published: January 2018

Horseshoe crab, Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda is frequently found in the coastal zone of Bintan Bay of Riau Islands Province. The study was conducted from August to September 2016 in coastal area of Kampung Gisi, Bintan bay. The aims of the study were to analyse the population structure and morphometric characters of horseshoe crab and its relation to the coastal environmental characteristics. Sampling of horseshoe crab was taken using belt transect method, and coastal environmental parameters were measured in-situ. The results show that b values of length-weight relationship were found to be 3.3 (male) and 2.6 (female) respectively. Furthermore, the growth pattern of males were positive allometric, and females were negative allometric. Horseshoe crab are closely related to sandy mudflats sediment, brackish water salinity and mangrove habitat distribution. Keywords: horseshoe crab, population structure, morphometry, environmental characteristics, Bintan Bay
THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CHILLING METHOD AND STORAGE TIME ON THE ORGANOLEPTIC QUALITY OF FRESH SKIPJACK TUNA
Authors: Litaay Christina , Wisudo Sugeng Hari , Haluan John Haluan , Harianto Bambang 
Published: January 2018

Fish freshness plays an importantant role in determining quality of fish product. Organoleptic is one of sensorik method for determining fish freshness. The fish deterioration mainly affected by temperature. This study aimed to determine the best method for determining organoleptic quality of skipjact tuna based on chilling methods and storage time. Fish sampling were taken from the Seram Sea, Maluku Province. Chilling methods was done by the different ratio between the ice and fish: first was without using ice, second was ratio 1:1 and the third was ratio 1:2. The time storage were 0, 2, 4, and 6 hours.The results showed that chilling methods ratio between the ice and fish of 1:1 with 6 hours storage time provided the best organoleptic quality with eye 8.87, mucus 8.83, gill 8.67, meat 8.73, odour 8.80, and texture 8.86. Keywords: chilling methods, organoleptics, skipjact tuna
NUTRITIONAL VALUE AND HEAVY METALS CONTENTS OF THE DRIED SEA CUCUMBER Stichopus vastus FROM SALEMO ISLAND, INDONESIA
Authors: Rasyid Abdullah 
Published: January 2018

The dried sea cucumber Stichopus vastus is one of the commercially species harvested in Indonesian waters. This study aims to highlight the nutritional value and heavy metals content of dried sea cucumber S. vastus. Proximate (moisture, ash, protein, fat and carbohydrate), mineral (sodium, calcium, potassium and iron) and heavy metal (mercury, cadmium, arsenic and lead) were determined by standard method of AOAC, while phosphorous was determined by spectrophotometric method. Chondroitin sulphate was determined by UPLC method, glucosamine sulphate and vitamin (A, B1, B2 and E) by HPLC method. Results show that protein was the major component in proximate analysis of dried sea cucumber S. vastus in the present study. The protein content was 38.70%. Moisture, ash, fat and carbohydrate content were 19.46%, 34.04%, 0.38% and 7.42% respectively. All vitamins and heavy metals examined in this study were not detected. The sodium content was 8054.36 mg/100 g higher than other minerals. Calcium, potassium, phosphorus and iron content were 2449.9 mg/100 g, 159.77 mg/100 g, 5085.2 mg/100 g and 520.8 mg/100 g respectively. Glucosamine sulphate content was found to be 2.429 g/100 g, whereas chondroitin sulphate was found to be 1.115 g/100 g. It can therefore, be concluded that the dried sea cucumber S. vastus from Salemo Island is safe for human consumption and hence can be used as a source of food supplement in the future. Keywords: food supplement, Salemo island, Stichopus vastus
EGGS PRODUCTION OF GROUPER HYBRID FOR SUPPORTING HATCHERY BUSINESS
Authors: Ismi Suko 
Published: January 2018

The grouper hatchery now has been widely developed, usually purchased eggs from the business that produces hybrid grouper eggs in accordance with the amount as needed. Eggs grouper that is currently in demand are eggs grouper cantang that is a cross-breed between female tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) and male giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus) and cantik that is a cross-breed between female tiger grouper and male grouper batik (Epinephelus Microdon). The purpose of this research is to get information about hybrid egg production activities, marketing and economics. The study was conducted in Buleleng regency in January-December 2015, data was taken from five hatchery or business that produces only hybrid grouper egg that is one business (A) in the village of Banyuasri, Buleleng district; Three businesses (B); (C) and (D) in the village of Penyabangan, Gerokgak district and the effort (E) in the village of Banyupoh, Gerokgak district, the data were analyzed descriptively. The results of the five businesses may produce as many eggs as five to eight times a year by the amount that can be marketed 24,200,000 - 44,500,000 eggs. The result of business analysis R / C ratio > 1 which means the business is profitable. Keyword: eggs, hatchery, hybrid, production, support
Cu/Ag core/shell particles via modified arc discharge method
Authors: Quan Feng , Wu Qihui , Mao Aiqin , Zuo Dashuai , Wang Biao , Yu Haiyun 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHere we report, for the first time, a modified arc-discharge method for synthesis of Cu/Ag core/shell particles with an Ag shell thickness of about 5 nm, based on the difference in the melting points and the evaporating pressures of the elements Cu and Ag. The present approach can as well provide wider application to synthesis of other core/shell structures with high melting-point metal elements as core and low melting-point metals as shell.
Implications of the Large O vi Columns around Low-redshift L∗ Galaxies
Authors: McQuinn Matthew , Werk Jessica K. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Observations reveal massive amounts of O vi around star-forming L
* galaxies, with covering fractions of near unity extending to the host halo’s virial radius. This O vi absorption is typically kinematically centered upon photoionized gas, with line widths that are suprathermal and kinematically offset from the galaxy. We discuss various scenarios and whether they could result in the observed phenomenology (cooling gas flows, boundary layers, shocks, virialized gas). If collisionally ionized, as we argue is most probable, the O vi observations require that the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of L
* galaxies holds nearly all of the associated baryons within a virial radius (

) and hosts massive flows of cooling gas with

, which must be largely prevented from accreting onto the host galaxy. Cooling and feedback energetics considerations require

cm−3 K for the warm and hot halo gases. We argue that virialized gas, boundary layers, hot winds, and shocks are unlikely to directly account for the bulk of the O vi. Furthermore, we show that there is a robust constraint on the number density of many of the photoionized

absorption systems that yields upper bounds in the range

cm−3, suggesting that the dominant pressure in some photoionized clouds is nonthermal. This constraint is in accordance with the low densities inferred from more complex photoionization modeling. The large amount of cooling gas that is inferred could re-form these clouds in a fraction of the halo dynamical time, and it requires much of the feedback energy available from supernovae to be dissipated in the CGM.
Prospects for Backtracing 1I/‘Oumuamua and Future Interstellar Objects
Authors: Zhang Qicheng 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
1I/‘Oumuamua is the first of likely many small bodies of extrasolar origin to be found in the solar system. These interstellar objects (ISOs) are hypothesized to have formed in extrasolar planetary systems prior to being ejected into interstellar space and subsequently arriving at the solar system. This paper discusses necessary considerations for tracing ISOs back to their parent stars via trajectory analysis and places approximate limits on doing so. Results indicate that the capability to backtrace ISOs beyond the immediate solar neighborhood is presently constrained by the quality of stellar astrometry, a factor poised for significant improvement with upcoming Gaia data releases. Nonetheless, prospects for linking 1I or any other ISO to their respective parent stars appear unfavorable on an individual basis due to gravitational scattering from random stellar encounters, which limit traceability to the past few tens of millions of years. These results, however, do not preclude the possibility of occasional success, particularly after considering the potential for observational bias favoring the discovery of younger ISOs, together with the anticipated rise in the ISO discovery rate under forthcoming surveys.
La notion d’exécution des décisions de justice administrative
Authors: Fardet Christophe 
Published: January 2018

Pouvant se définir comme « l’action de faire passer le droit dans les faits », l’exécution irrigue l’ensemble du droit public (Pouvoir exécutif, exécution des lois, exécution forcée, décision exécutoire, etc.). Pour autant, il apparait qu’il faut distinguer le titre d’exécution de son exercice. Si le titre d’exécution est intrinsèque à toute décision de justice, c’est parce qu’il est consubstantiel à l’existence de toute décision mais qu’il est renforcé concernant les décisions de justice par la formule exécutoire. Quant à l’exercice de l’exécution, la séparation des Pouvoirs exclut l’auto-exécution de ses décisions par le juge, pouvant seulement en ordonner l’exécution par l’administration. En conséquence, l’exécution forcée des décisions relève toujours du pouvoir exécutif, compétence découlant de la formule exécutoire pour les décisions de justice, compétence en principe interdite sans habilitation juridictionnelle concernant ses propres décisions. Au final, l’exercice de l’exécution nécessite la collaboration des Pouvoirs : l’administration a besoin de la formule exécutoire pour recourir à l’exécution forcée, mais la formule exécutoire a besoin de l’administration pour être réalisée.
Le chef de l’État, chef des armées
Authors: Bita Heyeghe Héritage 
Published: January 2018

Cette étude s’intéressera aux questions relatives à la sécurité intérieure et à la défense. Ces questions ont suscité un regain d’intérêt ces dernières années eu égard aux contextes national et international marqués par des événements tragiques (notamment les attentats terroristes). Ces événements exigent de l’État plus d’autorité pour la défense de son territoire et des citoyens. Ainsi, notre réflexion sera construite par ailleurs autour de la fonction de « chef des armées » du président de la République pour rendre compte d’une part, de la récente actualité politique la concernant et pour interroger d’autre part, sur son avenir sous l’actuel quinquennat ainsi que son articulation aux attributions également accordées à d’autres autorités en matière militaire.
Sentir le vivant de son corps : trois degrés d’éveil de la conscience
Authors: Da Nobrega Terezinha Petrucia , Schirrer Mary , Legendre Alexandre , Andrieu Bernard 
Published: January 2018

L’objectif principal de cet article est d’exposer l’émersiologie qui consiste, en activant le corps vivant par la pratique corporelle, à repérer les degrés d’éveil de la conscience, en allant de l’inconscience du vivant à la conscience du vécu. D’une part, dans sa danse, Anna Halprin, en exaltant l’éveil du sens kinesthésique de son corps vivant, associe le développement personnel et l’expression artistique par l’extériorisation des sentiments et des attitudes cachées ou des blocages inconscients. D’autre part, la performance dans les arts martiaux chinois permet de concilier une double injonction a priori contradictoire : viser l’inconscience, afin de traiter par l’habitus un maximum d’informations quand la conscience limite notre potentiel aperceptif, et conscientiser l’apprentissage pour raffiner cet habitus précisément. Enfin, l’analyse des discours et pratiques d’apnéistes révèle une pratique de consciences contradictoire. Afin d’allonger leur apnée, accueillir ou dépasser des sensations désagréables, les apnéistes modifient leurs états de conscience : visualisation, méditation, rotation de conscience, autohypnose, jusqu’à s’abstenir de penser pour s’économiser et « lâcher prise ». En fin d’apnée, particulièrement en compétition, il s’agit inversement de se reconnecter le plus possible, de lutter contre cette fuite inexorable de la conscience, qui peut aller jusqu’à la syncope anoxique.
Prevalence of hemoglobin variants and hemoglobinopathies using cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography in central reference laboratory of India: A report of 65779 cases
Authors: Warghade Sandeep , Britto Jyothi , Haryan Reshma , Dalvi Tejaswi , Bendre Rajesh , Chheda Pratiksha , Matkar Sunmeet , Salunkhe Yogita , Chanekar Milind , Shah Nilesh 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
CONTEXT: Hemoglobinopathies constitute the world's most common genetically inherited red blood cell disorder. Screening and accurate identification of hemoglobin (Hb) variants have become increasingly important in antenatal diagnosis and prevention of Hb disorders.
AIM: The aim of this study was to screen and identify Hb fractions prevalent in the Central Reference Laboratory of India.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 65,779 cases were screened for hemoglobinopathies on the bio-rad variant high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system by beta-thalassemia short program. The retention times, proportion of the hemoglobin (%) and the peak characteristics for all hemoglobin fractions were recorded. Molecular analysis of the beta-globin gene was carried out by DNA sequencing on eight cases.
RESULTS: Total number of abnormal Hb fractions on cation exchange-HPLC (CE-HPLC) was seen in 12,131 (18.44%) cases. Beta-thalassemia trait was the predominant genetic Hb disorder accounting for 7377 cases (11.21%) of the total cases. This was followed by sickle cell trait (2.01%), sickle cell disease (1.59%), beta-thalassemia syndrome (0.80%), HbE trait (0.79%), and borderline HbA2 (0.51%). Molecular characterization of eight rare cases of hemoglobin variants by beta-globin gene sequencing identified three cases of Hb Beth Israel, two cases of Hb Hofu trait, and one case each of Hb J Cambridge, Hb Mizunami, and Hb Sherwood Forest.
CONCLUSION: Superior resolution, rapid assay time, and accurate quantification make CE-HPLC suitable for the routine investigation of hemoglobinopathies.
Granulicatella adiacens abscess: Two rare cases and review
Authors: Gupta Sangita , Garg Meenu , Misra Sanjay , Singhal Sanjay 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
Granulicatella adiacens is a nutritionally variant streptococcus species. These bacteria are rarely isolated in the laboratory due to their fastidious growth requirements. These have been mostly reported from bloodstream infections, infective endocarditis, infections of orbit, nasolacrimal duct and breast implants. Here, we are reporting two cases of subcutaneous abscesses caused by G. adiacens. In first case, it was isolated from abscess around elbow joint and second case was a suprapatellar abscess. We have also reviewed the published data concerning diagnosis and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Granulicatella infections and included some Indian cases.
Clinical spectrum and diagnostic yields of Mycoplasma pneumoniae as a causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Dash Saroj , Chaudhry Rama , Dhawan Benu , Dey Aparajit Ballav , Kabra Sushil Kumar , Das Bimal Kumar 
Published: January 2018

AbstractINTRODUCTION: Infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumonia) occurs worldwide which accounts for 15%–20% of cases of community-acquired pneumonia and indistinguishable clinically from other infectious causes of pneumonia.AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and to correlate it with other diagnostic methods such as culture, serology (ELISA), and conventional PCR along with the clinical signs and symptoms produced by M. pneumonia.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 130 patients of all age groups presenting with clinical features of lower respiratory tract infections were enrolled over a period of 1 year and 2 months in a tertiary care hospital in Delhi. M. pneumoniae in throat swab samples was detected by real-time PCR, compared with culture, serology, conventional PCR, and clinical signs and symptoms. Univariate analyses were conducted to determine the association of M. pneumoniae infection among different categories of patients.RESULTS: Out of a total of 130 patients, 18 patients (14%) were positive for M. pneumoniae by any test; culture was positive in nine patients (50%), serology (IgM) in eight patients (44.4%), PCR in five patients (27.7%), and real-time PCR was positive in six patients (33.3%). Clinical signs and symptoms were higher in incidence in M. pneumoniae-positive patients. Age-matched healthy controls (30) were included in the study, and all were negative for any diagnostic test performed (P = 0.026).CONCLUSION: It was concluded that combination of M. pneumoniae-specific testing modalities is required for the diagnosis of this etiological agent rather than a single diagnostic method.
Biomedical waste management in India: Critical appraisal
Authors: Datta Priya , Mohi Gursimran , Chander Jagdish 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe safe and sustainable management of biomedical waste (BMW) is social and legal responsibility of all people supporting and financing health-care activities. Effective BMW management (BMWM) is mandatory for healthy humans and cleaner environment. This article reviews the recent 2016 BMWM rules, practical problems for its effective implementation, the major drawback of conventional techniques, and the latest eco-friendly methods for BMW disposal. The new rules are meant to improve the segregation, transportation, and disposal methods, to decrease environmental pollution so as to change the dynamic of BMW disposal and treatment in India. For effective disposal of BMWM, there should be a collective teamwork with committed government support in terms of finance and infrastructure development, dedicated health-care workers and health-care facilities, continuous monitoring of BMW practices, tough legislature, and strong regulatory bodies. The basic principle of BMWM is segregation at source and waste reduction. Besides, a lot of research and development need to be in the field of developing environmental friendly medical devices and BMW disposal systems for a greener and cleaner environment.