bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical Screening and Oral Acute Toxicity Study of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Crinum giganteum (Gadalli) in Wister Rats
Authors: FB Elizabeth , E.N Obikili , A. E Esom , G.E Anyanwu 
Published: March 2017

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Different parts of plants possess variable phytochemical compounds and LD<sub>50</sub>. <em>Crinum giganteum</em> (Gadalli) is one of the plants most commonly consumed in parts of Africa for its various medicinal values. Despite this popularity, the phytochemical screening and the toxicity of the leaf extracts were yet to be evaluated. This study was designed to identify the bioactive agents and estimate the LD<sub>50</sub> for the aqueous leaf extract of gadalli. <strong>Method</strong>: Phytochemical screening was done using standard methods. Each bioactive agent and the LD<sub>50</sub> were estimated by Arithmetic methods of Karber. <strong>Results: </strong>Phytochemical analysis revealed high presence of alkaloids, saponins, and slight presence of glycosides while the oral LD<sub>50 </sub>was found to be 200 mg/kg. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The major active ingredients of<strong> </strong>aqueous leaf extract of gadalli are alkaloids and saponins. It is observed to be unsafe at 200mg/kg and above.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Phytochemicals, <em>Crinum Giganteum</em>, LD<sub>50</sub>, Alkaloids, Saponins, Glycosides</p><p> </p>
Modelo comunicativo de la educación a distancia apoyada en las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en la Corporación Universitaria Autónoma de Occidente – CUAO, Cali - Colombia
Authors: Segura Acosta Sonia Esperanza 
Published: March 2017

Este trabajo pretende ofrecer puntos de discusión conceptual a comunicadores sociales, diseñadores y docentes, que por una u otra razón tienen el reto de adelantar procesos de educación virtual donde no hay modelos construidos y donde hablar de comunicación es como pisar terreno fangoso, dado que ningún modelo comunicativo tradicional se adapta perfectamente a los retos que imponen las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. El reto es la construcción de un modelo de comunicación al servicio del estudiante que geográficamente está distante, que tiene diversidad de necesidades y que requiere de verdaderos procesos de comunicación que le posibiliten adelantar de manera adecuada su proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje. Esta propuesta de modelo comunicativo para la educación a distancia apoyada en las Nuevas Tecnologías busca sensibilizar docentes, estudiantes, directivos y comunidad académica en general frente al papel que hoy juega la comunicación en los procesos educativos apoyados por las NTIC,s lo que exige modificar las formas de asumir la comunicación, entendiéndola como un proceso complejo donde es indispensable la participación activa de los actores, así como la claridad conceptual de los profesores para poder ejercer con idoneidad su nuevo rol de educomunicadores.
Impacto de la informática educativa en la escuela pública
Authors: Delavant Romero Martín E. 
Published: March 2017

El impacto positivo de la informática educativa en una escuela pública de Neuquén, el CPEM Nº 54 es expuesto. Experiencia donde la informática se entiende como una herramienta que permite la integración de los alumnos que presentan Necesidades Educativas Especiales. El proyecto no sólo favorece el aprendizaje de alumnos sino también permite a los docentes repensar sus actividades contando con múltiples posibilidades antes desconocidas.Impact of the Educational Informatics in the public schoolAbstractThe positive impact of the educational informatics in a public school of Neuquén, the CPEM Nº 54, is showed. In this experience the informatics is understood with a tool that permits the integration of the students that present the Educational Special Necessities. The project not only favours the learning of the students, it also permit to the educational rethinking their activities relying on multiple possibilities before unknown.
ANALISIS RASIONALITAS INVSETOR DALAM PEMILIHAN DAN PENENTUAN PORTOFOLIO OPTIMAL PADA SAHAM-SAHAM JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX
Authors: Rifqiawan Raden Arfan 
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this study is to determine that wether investor rationality exist in undergoing the stock choice in Jakarta Islamic Index at Indonesia Stock Exchange. Population to be chosen in the study is 44 firms listed on JII. However, the sample included are only 19 firms that present 30 times consecutively of simultan monitoring on JII. From 19 firms after analyzed with single index model found 11 has firms has ERB Ci*, that mean if investor invests in 11 stocks will get return higher with lower risk in comparison with investment in risk free asset. Data to be used in the study is the secondary one, which is collected from Indonesia Stock Exchange Monthly Statistic and risk free rate report from Central Bank of Indonesia.Result to be obtained from the study demonstrates on empirical evidence of investor rationally in choosing the stock on JII. The value is showed averagely stocks trade volume that has ERB Ci* higher is compared averagely stocks trade volume that has ERB Ci*.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PARTISIPASI SANTRI KOMITMEN DAN KEMAMPUAN BERINOVASI TERHADAP KINERJA KOPERASI PONDOK PESANTREN DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Syarbani Hasyim 
Published: March 2017

In order to improve the performance of cooperative boarding lodge, then it can be done with meningkatkann participation and commitment of members, because of the participation and commitment affect the performance of the company. whereas innovation-oriented company providing a positive impact on company performance. Therefore, this study is a replication of research Johanis W dominoes is applied to the cooperative boarding lodge. While the purpose of the research goal is to determine the effect of participation and ability to innovate komimen effect on the performance of cooperative boarding lodge. Based on the results show Ahwa: Turnout santri the ability to innovate cooperative commitment of the boarding lodge is still low as well as the performance cooperative boarding lodge is still low, this is indicated by a decline in business, number of members and the rest of the results of cooperative efforts boarding lodge per year. The goodness of fit indices and regression weights can be accepted research model means that the participation of santri, commitment and ability to innovate affect the performance of cooperative boarding lodge. So it can be concluded that the low performance of cooperatives that santri affected by the lack of participation, commitment and ability to innovate cooperative boarding lodge.
PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI FAKIR MISKIN DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Rodin Dede 
Published: March 2017

Kaum fakir dan miskin adalah dua kelompok kaum lemah (dhu’afa) yang banyak disebutkan Al-Qur’an. Ketika Al-Qur’an berbicara tentang kedua kelompok tersebut umumnya dalam konteks bagaimana mengentaskan kemiskinan yang mereka hadapi. Dari telaah atas ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an tentang pemberdayaan fakir miskin diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa upaya pengentasan kemiskinan dan pemberdayaan kaum fakir dan miskin menurut Al-Qur’an terkait dengan pemanfaatan dan distribusi harta. Ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an yang berbicara tentang harta ada yang berupa perintah dan anjuran dan yang kedua berupa larangan. Dari dua ketentuan ini, Al-Quran menempuh beberapa model langkah untuk pemberdayaan fakir miskin, yaitu perintah bekerja, perintah memberi makanan pokok, perintah berinfak, perintah mengeluarkan zakat, pemberian dari sebagian harta warisan, pembagian ganimah dan fa’i, larangan monopoli (ihtikār) dan menimbun harta (iktināz). Beberapa model pemberdayaan di atas dapat dibagi menjadi dua kelompok; langkah-langkah yang bersifat struktural dan yang bersifat kultural. Langkah struktural lebih ditekankan kepada lembaga khusus yang menanganinya agar berjalan dengan baik, sedangkan langkah kultural lebih ditekankan pada individu, baik individu yang diharapkan menjadi salah satu subjek pengentasan kemiskinan dan pemberdayaan kaum fakir dan miskin maupun yang menjadi objeknya. Pada langkah struktural maupun kultural, keterlibatan pemerintah sangat diperlukan, bahkan dipandang sebagai sebuah keniscayaan.
CORAK PEMIKIRAN HUKUM ISLAM DALAM FORMULASI PERBANKAN SYARI’AH: ANTARA TEKSTUALIS DAN SUBSTANSIALIS
Authors: Murtadho Ali 
Published: March 2017

Sejauh mana sistem operasional perbankan syari’ah dapat merepresentasikan pengamalan ajaran Islam di bidang ekonomi dapat diperjelas dengan mencermati corak pemikiran hukum Islam yang mendasarinya. Konsepsi perbankan syari’ah merupakan produk ijtihad yang dibangun di atas prinsip pelarangan riba secara mutlak dengan memandang bahwa bunga bank termasuk riba. Konsepsi perbankan syari’ah, tidak secara murni memakai salah satu tipologi pemikiran hukum Islam. Kadang memakai kerangka pendekatan substansialis namun juga tidak terlepas dari pendekatan tekstualis. Ide dasar perbankan syari’ah yang berangkat dari prinsip pengharaman riba dan pemakaian prinsip bagi hasil, meskipun termasuk kategori pemikiran substansialis karena mengacu pada substansi ajaran Islam tentang prinsip keadilan dan prinsip tolong menolong, namun cenderung mendekati cenderung tekstualis karena interpretasi riba dilakukan dalam bentuk qiyas yang sangat ketat. Demikian juga dalam mengadopsi aqad-aqad yang ada dalam khazanah fiqh mu’amalah dengan mengedepankan aspek formalitasnya tampak lebih kental dengan nuansa corak pemikiran tekstualisnya. Dalam proses panjang menuju tata perekonomian yang benar-benar Islami, diperlukan kajian intensif berkesinambungan untuk merevisi kelemahan- kelemahan konsepsional maupun operasional perbankan Syari’ah.
INKONSISTENSI PRINSIP TIME VALUE OF MONEY DALAM OPERASIONAL TRANSAKSI KEUANGAN SYARIAH DAN SOLUSINYA
Authors: Mujibatun Siti 
Published: March 2017

The concept of Time Value of Money in the LKS is not accepted because of riba, but in practically mainly on small investors to invest, will face a big problem if it rejects the principle of Time Value of Money, whenever any country will have inflation. will be injustice when Islamic banking do not give a rate of return to the investor. The research is a qualitative, primary data sources and data collection consisted of a document. The Brochure of Product Financing Transactions in LKS, b). Fatwa DSN-MUI 2000, c). CD-ROM File Maushu'ah al-Hadith al-Sharif al-Tis'ah 1997 Edition II, d). The Books related to the concept of Time Value of Money, e). SOP (Standard Operational Product) financing and acounting system. Secondary data consists of various books related to the concept of Time Value of Money both modern and classical fiqh books and Research results related to this research problem. This research analyzes the discriftive approach, with results as follows: 1. Time Value of Money in the LKS is not acceptable, because the increase in the Time Value of Money earned should be of real business, not because of the debt contract / qardh 2. Time Value of Money by economic concepts Hadis Muhammad saw among other things contained in the contract of salam/ indent, BBA and 'disconto, araya and provision for debt payments 3. the occurrence of in-consistency between ideology Time Value of Money with praxis in LKS due in addition to not paying attention to the business logic of the Prophet, helplessness in operating system usage still based on the operating system Conventional Financial Institutions (LKK).
Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder. Is there Consensus Regarding the Treatment? A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Georgiannos Dimitrios , Markopoulos George , Devetzi Eirini , Bisbinas Ilias 
Published: March 2017

Background:Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder (ACS) is a common self-limiting condition characterized by disabling pain and restricted movements. Its pathophysiology is poorly understood, clinically it is characterized by stages of pain and stiffness, and finally often patients never recover fully. However, there is no consensus about available methods of treatment for ACS. The aims of this paper are to discuss and develop issues regarding approaches to management in ACS in the stages of it.Methods:A review of the literature was performed and guidelines for the treatment of that clinical entity for doctors and health care professionals are provided.Results:Anti-inflammatory medications, steroid and/or hyaluronate injections and physiotherapy is the mainstay of conservative management either alone in the first stages or in combination with other treatment modalities in the later stages. Next line of treatment, involving minor to moderate intervention, includes suprascapular nerve block, distension arthrography and manipulation under anaesthesia. In order to avoid complications of “blind intervention”, arthroscopic capsular release is gradually more commonly applied, and in recalcitrant severe cases open release is a useful option.Conclusion:Various modalities of conservative management and gradually more surgical release are applied. However, often clinicians choose on personal experience and training rather than on published evidence.
Evaluation of Ocular Surface Disease in Asian Patients with Primary Angle Closure
Authors: Ling Tan Ee , Othman Khairuddin , Yan Ong Poh , Rashid Rasdi Abdul , Tet Cheong Min , Yaakob Azhany , Tajudin Liza-Sharmini Ahmad 
Published: March 2017

Objective:To evaluate the incidence of ocular surface disease (OSD) and to determine the effects of topical pressure-lowering drugs on ocular surface disease in primary angle closure patients.Methods:This was a cross-sectional comparative study comparing primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) patients (Group A) with primary angle closure and primary angle closure suspect (Group B). Group A was treated with topical pressure-lowering drugs; Group B was not. Data on ocular diagnosis and details of treatment were obtained from medical records. Ocular surface disease incidence was assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and from clinical signs using Schirmer’s test, tear break-up time and corneal fluorescein stain. Predictive Analytic Software 20 and STATA analysis software were used for statistical analyses.Results:Group A demonstrated a higher rate of OSD (OSDI 52.3%, Schirmer’s test 70.5%, tear break-up time (TBUT) 75%, corneal staining 77.3%) compared to Group B (OSDI 39.0%, Schirmer’s test 73.2%, TBUT 58.5% and cornea staining 14.6%) except for Schirmer’s test. There was a significant difference in mean score of OSDI (p=0.004), TBUT (p=0.008) and cornea staining (p<0.001) between two groups. Primary angle closure glaucoma treated with more than two medications and for more than three years had worse ocular surface disease parameters but without statistical significant difference.Conclusion:Ocular surface disease is common in PACG patients treated with topical pressure-lowering drugs. Topical pressure-lowering drugs caused significant OSD symptoms and signs except for tear production in PACG patients. Thorough evaluation of ocular surface disease is important to ensure appropriate treatment and intervention in PACG patients.
Use of Social Media By Nurse Educator Students: An Exploratory Survey
Authors: Lahti Mari , Haapaniemi-Kahala Heidi , Salminen Leena 
Published: March 2017

Background:
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) opens up new possibilities for introducing innovative teaching and learning methods to deliver education in different educational areas. Use of internet and social media has grown rapidly and is a key way in how nurses and nurse educator students find information. However, the evidence is still lacking how nurse educator students use social media.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to describe nurse educator students’ use of social media and the ways in which their educational needs are related to social media.

Method:
The data were collected using a structured questionnaire that included one open question. Altogether, 49 nurse educator students completed and returned the questionnaire (response rate 96%). The quantitative data were analysed using statistical programme SPPS and content analysis.

Results:
While many nurse educator students reported using the tools of social media, others claimed that they do not use social media at all. Facebook was most common (53% use it every day) and YouTube (17%) the second most common form of social media used to support daily living. The participants reported using YouTube (6% use it every day) and Facebook (4%) most often as support in their studies. They reported using Second life as virtual reality form of social media, the least. The most common educational needs of nurse educator students include receiving more in-depth information about how to use social media, as well as more practice in using it.

Conclusion:
In the future, the education of the nurse educator students should include even more in-depth information about the forms of social media and about the advantages of using it in teaching. The education should encourage nurse educator students and provide them with more possibilities to train and make use of the benefits of social media as support in their daily lives and studies. There is need for more robust evidence of social media use in nurse educator students education.
Impact of Integrated Multimodal Traveler Information on Auto Commuter’s Mode Switching Propensity
Authors: Memon A.A. , Meng M. , Wong Y.D. , Lam S.H. 
Published: March 2017

Aim:
Real-time traveler information affects auto commuter’s travel behavior.

Method:
An ordered probit model is used to analyze auto commuter’s mode switching propensity under influence of simulated real-time multimodal traveler information. A travel preference survey is administered to car drivers to gather individual commuter’s travel decisions under integrated multimodal traveler information.

Result:
It is shown that integrated multimodal traveler information can influence willingness of car drivers to switch mode of travel, while socio-economic characteristics also influence the mode choice decision.
Antimicrobial Activity of Lidocaine, Bupivacaine, Mepivacaine and Ropivacaine on Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Neuwersch S. , Köstenberger M. , Sorschag S. , Ilias W. , Likar R. 
Published: March 2017

Introduction:
Various studies have shown a possible antimicrobial activity of different local anaesthetics, which may affect the results of microbial assessment of biopsies. The purpose of this study was to test the antimicrobial activity of different commonly used anaesthetic agents on Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtitles to reproduce data and to compare the findings.

Methods:
Local anaesthetics tested were commercially available solutions of lidocaine (Xyloneural®, Xylanaest pur.®), bupivacaine (Bucain®), mepivacaine (Mecain®) and ropivacaine (Naropin®, Ropinaest®).2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.25% and 0.1% (20, 10, 5, 2.5, 1 mg/ml) dilutions of these local anaesthetics were prepared with sterile 0.9% saline. Bacteria used in this study were Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. 10 μl of different local anaesthetic dilution placed on thin wafers were added to Mueller Hinton Agar and cultured. After 24 hours, a zone of inhibition around the wafers was evaluated.

Results:
Local anaesthetics in different concentrations did not show any zone of inhibition on Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus or Bacillus subtilis.

Conclusion:
In summary, neither lidocaine, bupivacaine, mepivacaine nor ropivacaine showed an antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.

Implications:
Due to these findings this local anaesthetics can be used in daily clinical routine to perform pain free diagnostic procedures in which culture specimens are to be obtained. Due to inconsistent results in prior studies, we recommend to use the lowest concentration possible of the local anaesthetic, also to avoid other possible side effects of local agents.
Immunogenicity of Augmented Compared With Standard Dose Hepatitis B Vaccine in Pediatric Patients on Dialysis: a Midwest Pediatric Nephrology Consortium Study
Authors: Misurac Jason M. , VanDeVoorde Rene G. , Kallash Mahmoud , Iorember Franca M. , Luckritz Kera E. , Rheault Michelle N. , Jetton Jennifer G. , Turman Martin A. , Kapur Gaurav , Twombley Katherine E. , Hashmat Shireen , Weaver Donald J. , Leiser Jeffrey D. , Nailescu Corina 
Published: March 2017

Background and objectives
Patients on maintenance dialysis have a higher risk of unresponsiveness to hepatitis B vaccination and loss of hepatitis B immunity. Adult guidelines recommend augmented dosing (40 mcg/dose), resulting in improved response in adults. We sought to determine whether children on dialysis mount a similar antibody response when given standard or augmented dosing of hepatitis B vaccine.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
This is a retrospective review of patients on dialysis aged <19 years from May 1, 2008 to May 1, 2013 at 12 pediatric dialysis units. Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) titers ≥10 mIU/ml were defined as protective.

Results
A total of 187 out of 417 patients received one or more hepatitis B vaccine boosters. The median age was 13 years; the cohort was 57% boys and 59% white. Booster dose or HBsAb titers were missing in 17 patients. Conversion to protective HBsAb titers was achieved in 135 out of 170 patients (79%) after their first single-dose booster or multidose booster series. In patients receiving a single-dose booster, the response rate was 53% (nine out of 17) after a 10 mcg dose, 86% (65 out of 76) after a 20 mcg dose, and 65% (17 out of 26) after a 40 mcg hepatitis B vaccine dose. In patients receiving a multidose booster series, the response rate was 95% (19 out of 20) after a 10 mcg/dose series, 83% (20 out of 24) after a 20 mcg/dose series, and 71% (five out of seven) after a 40 mcg/dose series. Patients receiving a multidose booster series had a response rate of 86% (44 out of 51), compared with 76% (91 out of 119) in patients receiving a single-dose booster (P=0.21). Twenty-seven patients received more than one single-dose booster or multidose series, and 26 out of 27 (96%) eventually gained immunity after receiving one to three additional single-dose boosters or multidose booster series.

Conclusions
There was no clear gradient of increasing seroconversion rate with increasing vaccine dose in this cohort of pediatric patients on dialysis.