bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UniPollWatch
Authors: Dodd Andrew , Buller Brad , Castillo Antonio , Clarke Peter , Martin Hugh , Schwartz Larry , Simons Margaret , Zion Lawrie 
Published: December 2015

The 2014 UniPollWatch project brought together the journalism schools of four Victorian universities to cover the 2014 state election. The project was a unique experiment in political journalism education and provided valuable lessons about experiential learning, cross-campus cooperation and industry engagement. It also created a potential model for large reporting projects, involving journalism programmes at many universities working together to cover topics for the public’s benefit, while enabling students to gain real-world skills. The campuses were each designated eight key, mostly marginal, electorates and were encouraged to provide electorate and candidate profiles, as well as other news and information. The reports were compiled on one website, housed off campus and not identified as being associated with any one university. The project partnered with The Age newspaper and a number of student reports were co-published in the newspaper. The results of the project can be seen at www.unipollwatch.org.au . This article places UniPollWatch in the context of other large-scale student reporting projects in Australia and elsewhere and discusses how the project was structured and how it fostered authentic, real-world learning. It also addresses key challenges and discusses the major pedagogical and journalistic lessons gained from this groundbreaking project.
Why don’t donor countries coordinate their aid? A case study of European donors in Morocco
Authors: Olivié Iliana , Pérez Aitor 
Published: December 2015

Lack of coordination among donors poses several problems: it results in higher administrative costs for both donors and partner countries and weakens aid effectiveness. This rationale is the basis for the OECD and EU political agendas on harmonization and coordination, which has resulted in different coordination initiatives at both headquarters and field levels. However, despite the political agenda, recent studies show that for many donors and partner countries aid fragmentation has prevailed or even increased. By means of a country case study in Morocco, this document explores the obstacles to aid coordination in a specific EU development partner country. Coordination initiatives may have proliferated but not necessarily triggered results in terms of joint work or donors’ specialization. The main obstacles to coordination include varied administrative procedures; diverse administrative architectures; resistance from local authorities and also from leading donors (to abandon or share flagship aid programmes).
The type and prevalence of the use of analgesics among inpatients in a geriatric psychiatry department
Authors: Østergaard Pernille Jul , Gustafsson Lea Nørgreen , Høyer Eyd Hansen , Munk-Jørgensen Povl 
Published: December 2015

Objectives: The association between the presence of pain and mental disorder is well known. The extent of pain treatment in psychiatric patients is estimated to be high, but there is a lack of recent studies focusing on analgesic treatment in patients with mental disorders. The use of analgesics can be associated with side effects, and it is possible that analgesics are not the correct treatment for chronic pain among patients with mental disorders. Methods: Data were obtained among inpatients in a geriatric psychiatry department at Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark, between 1 April 2013 and 1 October 2013. The study examines the extent of analgesic use by patients at admission with a follow up at discharge to note any change during hospitalization. Results: A total of 89 patients aged 68 years or older were included (56 women, 33 men). At admission, 51.7% used analgesics, and this number did not change significantly from admission to discharge. A statistically significant increased risk of analgesic use was found in females (odds ratio 4.0). The indications for analgesic use were not present in 34.5% of the pain-treated patients at admission. At discharge, this number had been reduced to 23.1%. Paracetamol was the drug most frequently used, followed by opioids. Conclusions: The use of analgesics among aged psychiatric inpatients is high. An increased focus on this topic is recommended.
Pomalidomide reverses γ-globin silencing through the transcriptional reprogramming of adult hematopoietic progenitors
Authors: Dulmovits Brian M. , Appiah-Kubi Abena O. , Papoin Julien , Hale John , He Mingzhu , Al-Abed Yousef , Didier Sebastien , Gould Michael , Husain-Krautter Sehba , Singh Sharon A. , Chan Kyle W. H. , Vlachos Adrianna , Allen Steven L. , Taylor Naomi , Marambaud Philippe , An Xiuli , Gallagher Patrick G. , Mohandas Narla , Lipton Jeffrey M. , Liu Johnson M. , Blanc Lionel 
Published: December 2015

Key Points
Pomalidomide selectively targets BCL11A and SOX6 to induce γ-globin synthesis. The mechanism of action of pomalidomide during erythropoiesis is independent of IKZF1 degradation, in contrast to multiple myeloma.
Evidence for the recent origin of a bacterial protein-coding, overlapping orphan gene by evolutionary overprinting
Authors: Fellner Lea , Simon Svenja , Scherling Christian , Witting Michael , Schober Steffen , Polte Christine , Schmitt-Kopplin Philippe , Keim Daniel A. , Scherer Siegfried , Neuhaus Klaus 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundGene duplication is believed to be the classical way to form novel genes, but overprinting may be an important alternative. Overprinting allows entirely novel proteins to evolvede novo, i.e., formerly non-coding open reading frames within functional genes become expressed. Only three cases have been described forEscherichia coli.Here, a fourth example is presented.ResultsRNA sequencing revealed an open reading frame weakly transcribed in cow dung, coding for 101 residues and embedded completely in the −2 reading frame ofcitCin enterohemorrhagicE. coli. This gene is designated novel overlapping gene,nog1. The promoter region fused togfpexhibits specific activities and 5’ rapid amplification of cDNA ends indicated the transcriptional start 40-bp upstream of the start codon.nog1was strand-specifically arrested in translation by a nonsense mutation silent incitC. This Nog1-mutant showed a phenotype in competitive growth against wild type in the presence of MgCl2. Small differences in metabolite concentrations were also found. Bioinformatic analyses propose Nog1 to be inner membrane-bound and to possess at least one membrane-spanning domain. A phylogenetic analysis suggests that the orphan genenog1arose by overprinting afterEscherichia/Shigellaseparated from the other γ-proteobacteria.ConclusionsSincenog1is of recent origin, non-essential, short, weakly expressed and only marginally involved inE. coli’s central metabolism, we propose that this gene is in an initial stage of evolution. While we present specific experimental evidence for the existence of a fourth overlapping gene in enterohemorrhagicE. coli, we believe that this may be an initial finding only and overlapping genes in bacteria may be more common than is currently assumed by microbiologists.
Urban–rural differences in incidence rates of psychiatric
disorders in Denmark
Authors: Vassos Evangelos , Agerbo Esben , Mors Ole , Pedersen Carsten Bøcker 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundPeople born in densely populated areas have a higher risk of developing
schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and autism.AimsThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether urban–rural
differences in place of birth influence a broad range of mental
disorders.MethodPopulation-based cohort study of everyone born in Denmark between 1955
and 2006 (n = 2 894 640). Main outcome measures were
incidence rate ratios for five levels of urbanisation and summary
estimates contrasting birth in the capital with birth in rural areas.ResultsFor all psychiatric disorders, except intellectual disability (ICD-10
‘mental retardation’) and behavioural and emotional disorders with onset
in childhood, people born in the capital had a higher incidence than
people born in rural areas.ConclusionsBirth in an urban environment is associated with an increased risk for
mental illness in general and for a broad range of specific psychiatric
disorders. Given this new evidence that urban–rural differences in
incidence are not confined to the well-studied psychotic disorders,
further work is needed to identify the underlying aetiopathogenic
mechanisms.
The Influence of Serum Uric Acid on Bone Mineral Density, Hip Geometry, and Fracture Risk: The Rotterdam Study
Authors: Muka Taulant , de Jonge Ester A. L , Kiefte-de Jong Jessica C. , Uitterlinden André G. , Hofman Albert , Dehghan Abbas , Zillikens M. Carola , Franco Oscar H. , Rivadeneira Fernando 
Published: December 2015

AbstractContext:The role of uric acid (UA) in skeletal metabolism remains to be unraveled.Objective:We prospectively investigated the association between UA, bone mineral density at the femoral neck (FN-BMD), hip bone geometry parameters, and incident fracture risk and examined whether the associations were modified by age and vitamin C intake.Participants and Setting:Data of 5074 participants of The Rotterdam Study, a prospective population-based cohort.Exposure:Serum UA was assessed at baseline.Main Outcomes and Measures:FN-BMD was measured at baseline, and at second, third, and fourth visits of the Rotterdam Study. Hip bone geometry parameters were measured at baseline and at the second and third visits.Results:Serum UA levels (per SD increase) were positively associated with FN-BMD (β = 0.007 g/cm2; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.002–0.01), thicker cortices (β = 0.002 cm; 95% CI = 0.0003–0.002), lower bone width (β = −0.013 cm; 95% CI = −0.23 to −0.003), and lower cortical buckling ratio (β = −0.19; 95% CI = −0.33 to −0.06). The effects of UA on FN-BMD and cortical buckling ratio tended to become stronger over time. Hazard ratios and 95% CIs per SD increase of baseline UA levels for the development of any type of incident fractures, nonvertebral fractures, and osteoporotic fractures were 0.932 (0.86–0.995), 0.924 (0.856–0.998), and 0.905 (0.849–0.982), respectively. These associations were more prominent in older individuals (age, &gt;65 y) and in participants with high intakes of vitamin C (&gt; median).Conclusions:Higher levels of serum UA are associated with higher BMD (at the expense of thicker cortices and narrower bone diameters) and may be a protective factor in bone metabolism. However, interactions with age and vitamin C may be present.
Generalization to Three-Dimensional Space Fractals of Pythagoras and Koch. Part I
Authors: Жихарев  , Zhikharev L. 
Published: December 2015

Fractals are geometric objects, each part of which is
similar to the whole object, so that if we take a part and increase
its size to the size of the whole object, it would be impossible to
notice a difference. In other words, fractals are sets having scale
invariance. In mathematics, they are associated primarily with
non-differentiable functions. The concept of &#34;fractal&#34; (from the
Latin &#34;Fractus&#34; meaning «broken») had been introduced by Benoit
Mandelbrot (1924–2010), French and American mathematician,
physicist, and economist. Mandelbrot had found that seemingly
arbitrary fluctuations in price of goods have a certain tendency to
change: it turned out that daily fluctuations are symmetrical with
long-term price fluctuations. In fact, Benoit Mandelbrot applied
his recursive (fractal) method to solve the problem. Since the last quarter of the nineteenth century, a large number
of fractal curves and flat objects have been created; and methods
for their application have been developed. From geometrical point
of view, the most interesting fractals are &#34;Koch snowflake&#34; and
&#34;Pythagoras Tree&#34;. Two classes of analogues of the volumetric
fractals were created with modern three-dimensional modeling
program: &#34;Fractals of growth” – like Pythagoras Tree, “Fractals of
separation” – like Koch snowflake; the primary classification was
developed, their properties were studied. Empiric data was processed
with basic arithmetic calculations as well as with computer software.
Among other things, for fractals of separation the task was to create
an object with an infinite surface area, which in the future might
acquire great importance for the development of the chemical and
other industries.
Does Capital Structure Affect the Behavior of Nonfinancial Stakeholders? An Empirical Investigation into Leverage and Union Strikes
Authors: Myers Brett W. , Saretto Alessio 
Published: December 2015

We use contract negotiation data to study how leverage affects the interaction between firms and an important nonfinancial stakeholder, labor unions. Consistent with the idea that leverage diminishes the bargaining position of labor, we find that unions are less likely to strike when a firm has high leverage or increases leverage prior to a contract negotiation. We also find large leverage increases after a strike, consistent with the idea that firms intentionally use leverage to improve their bargaining position. This poststrike increase in leverage is particularly pronounced when the union wins the strike. Moreover, we do not find any clear indication that such increases in leverage are linked to changes in investments. In addition, firms that experience a strike subsequently invest more internationally and in right-to-work states where union are afforded fewer legal protections, and they increase their disposal of production units that are located in states where strikes have occurred. This paper was accepted by Brad Barber, finance.
Intimacies: Spaces of work, life and sexuality in The Norrtull Gang
Authors: Brauerhoch Annette 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Norrtullsligan/The Norrtull Gang (1923) departs from Hollywood’s representations of flamboyant city girls and succeeds in developing a decidedly female perspective on femininity, city life, sexuality and work in 1920s Sweden. Based on a novel by Elin Wägner (1908), it explores the microeconomics of power and intimacy in the relationship between bodies and spaces.
Foragers or Cultivators? A Discussion of Wilks’s “Big Bang” Theory of Akan History
Authors: Pavanello Mariano 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
This article considers various recent contributions challenging Ivor Wilks’s “big bang” theory of Akan history. In an article published in 2005, Wilks reconfirmed his hypothesis that the Akan populations inhabiting the forestland in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries were hunter-gatherers who achieved a new level of mastery of the environment, and gave way to centralized political formations. The present article analyzes the technical, demographic, and social conditions of the transition from a hunting-gathering to a swidden agricultural economy, and provides a picture, consistent with the archaeological data, that pushes back by centuries the practice of agriculture in the forest, showing that it is unlikely that hunter-gatherers, in a short span of only two centuries, could have launched an agrarian and industrial revolution and created the Akan civilization.
Stealing the Road: Colonial Rule and the Hajj from Nigeria in the Early Twentieth Century
Authors: Reynolds Jonathan 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
This article focuses on the attempt of the Nigerian colonial administration to regulate and control the movement of Nigerian Muslim pilgrims during the interwar period of the early twentieth century. The article will seek to show how the efforts of the Nigerian colonial government to control the Hajj in the 1920s and 1930s highlight not only the issue of Islam in Nigeria, but also the interaction among British colonialism, Islam, and the agency of colonial subjects on a broader scale. The article draws heavily upon Nigerian colonial primary sources as well as the broader scholarship on the Hajj in Africa. In so doing, the article highlights the complexity of colonial agendas as well as the success of colonial subjects in asserting their own personal, economic, and spiritual sovereignty in the face of colonialism.
The Energy Efficiency Of Willow Biomass Production In Poland – A Comparative Study
Authors: Szczukowski Stefan , Tworkowski Józef , Stolarski Mariusz J. , Krzyżaniak Michał 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Field experiments with willow (Salix L.) coppice cultivation and Eko-Salix systems have been conducted at the University of Warmia and Mazury since 1992. In that wider context, the aim of the work described here was to compare energy inputs involved in setting up a plantation and producing biomass, and to assess the efficiency of willow-chips production under the coppice and Eko-Salix systems. The energy gain determined in the experiments was several to more than twenty times as great as the inputs needed to operate the plantation and to harvest willow biomass, this leaving both systems of willow cultivation under study attractive where setting up short-rotation coppices is concerned.
The Probable Old Germanic Origin Of Romanian iele ‘(evil) fairies’
Authors: Bargan Andrea 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Iele (or ielele, with a definite article) is the name of the “evil fairies” (zânele rele) of the Romanian mythology. They are mentioned in old Romanian folktales and legends and they have been a constant source of inspiration for many Romanian writers, who transformed them into literary characters in their works.1 Also, they have been a controversial subject of many folkloric studies, whose authors have tried to explain the origin and meaning of these supernatural female creatures. The present author aims to discuss the most significant (however divergent) opinions about the Romanian iele and to point out similarities with Germanic (and possibly Celtic) traditions, in which special categories of fairies have functions and names that resemble those of the Romanian iele. Under such circumstances, the idea of a probable Old Germanic origin of the Romanian term iele should not be regarded as out-of-place.
Sentence-Identity Building: A Syntactic Resolution Of Amphiboly Caused By Prepositional-Phrase Attachment
Authors: Curelariu Valentina 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Amphiboly is a matter of linguistic ambiguity, which, in its turn, is essentially related to the intractable natural issue of the disparity between what we can possibly think and what we can actually express through language. The papers on various types of ambiguity and the solutions to them are not few. However, as with almost everything of a theoretical nature in language, they are far from being enough to cover the complexity of the issue in point. The present paper does not claim to solve amphiboly once and for all: it only proposes a framework that can be followed easily by those interested in the interpretation of similar sentences and in the production of unequivocal ones. The material selected for analysis consists in a few sentences, collected mainly from online sources, in which amphiboly caused by prepositional-phrase attachment is present. Some instruments provided by Syntax and Morphology as branches of Linguistics are used to interpret them so that the framework of reasoning that we provide can be used whenever a similar structure needs disambiguation.
Post-Tourism And The Motif Of Regression In Julian Barnes’s England, England
Authors: Macsiniuc Cornelia 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The present paper starts from the assumptions and concepts of Zygmunt Bauman, George Ritzer and Jean Baudrillard concerning the regressive nature of the act of consumption and its “conceded freedoms” (Baudrillard), which infantilize the consumer and ensure high social integration and control. Barnes’s comic-satirical representation of the nation as theme-park may be interpreted in the light of the concept of post-tourism as a means of consumption (Ritzer), which encourages the preference for the replica and the simulacrum over the real and the authentic, as well as an inclination to playfulness, and which distinguishes itself from the traditional Grand Tour by its privileging of the pleasure principle over the reality principle. The touristification of historical memory accomplished in the extravagant project of “England, England,” meant to compensate for and redress the country from its state of decline, is shown to rely on the harnessing of the pleasure principle in the service of rational instrumentality, with its principles of calculability, efficiency and control, which commodify even the experience of regression.
Effect of doping concentration on the structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties of Mn-doped CdO thin films
Authors: Manjula N. , Pugalenthi M. , Nagarethinam V.S. , Usharani K. , Balu A.R. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThin films of manganese-doped cadmium oxide (CdO:Mn) with different Mn-doping levels (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 at.%) were deposited on glass substrates by employing an inexpensive, simplified spray technique using a perfume atomizer at 375 °C. The influence of Mn incorporation on the structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties of CdO films has been studied. All the films exhibit cubic crystal structure with a (1 1 1) preferential orientation. Mn-doping causes a slight shift of the (1 1 1) diffraction peak towards higher angle. The crystallite size of the films is found to decrease from 34.63 nm to 17.68 nm with an increase in Mn doping concentration. The CdO:Mn film coated with 1 at.% Mn exhibit a high transparency of nearly 90 % which decreases for higher doping concentration. The optical band gap decreases with an increase in Mn doping concentration. All the films have electrical resistivity of the order of 10−4 Ω·cm.
Modelos
Authors: Argudín Luis 
Published: December 2015

<p>Este texto es una reflexión en torno a la categoría de modelos, que piensa con modelos, a partir de los modelos y para los modelos; también se piensa, se interpreta, se revisa, el significado del modelo. Y esto no sólo por lo que estos exigen su lugar desde la tradición artística, sino por lo que significan para la estética, y aún para la filosofía y la ciencia, pues de lo que se trata es de un ir y venir del pensamiento entre la materialidad y el ejercicio de pensar el oficio.</p>
Totaler Sadismus. Die Philosophie des Republikaners Sade eine Inspirationsquelle des Totalitarismus?
Authors: Etavard Claudine 
Published: December 2015

<p>Der Name Sade wird allgemein mit absoluter, ja beinahe orgienartiger sexueller Freiheit in Verbindung gebracht. Er selbst verbrachte wegen seiner freiheitsliebenden Ideen und seinem offenen Kampf gegen dasAncien Régime<br />über dreißig Jahre seines Lebens hinter Gittern. Dennoch sind die Parallelen zwischen einer totalitären Staats- und Gesellschaftsordnung und jener von Vassort darstellten «société productiviste » Sades nicht zu verhehlen. So erkennt Vassort beispielsweise eine «disparition de l'homme et de l'humanité [...] que symbolise la quête de l'absolu», von der« folie de la mort» und dem Streben der Libertins Sades de «faire disparaître les institutions existantes pour mieux les remplacer et mieux asseoir und pouvoir total ». All dies sind ebenfalls Aspekte eines totalitären Herrschaftsapparats.</p>