bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of otolith morphometrics in delineating population structure of Aphaniops stoliczkanus (Teleostei: Aphaniidae) in southern Iranian waters
Authors: Iranmanesh Mahdi , Askari Hesni Majid 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWidely distributed Species in different geological and ecological environments often exhibit great intraspecific diversity. Aphaniops stoliczkanus (Day, 1872) is an endemic species of Middle East occurring over a vast geographic range in different basins. This species has been observed in freshwater, brackish water and hot sulphur springs; therefore, its populations are known to exhibit considerable morphological variation. In the present study, we have investigated the poorly studied populations of A. stoliczkanus of the Hormuz and Makran basins of Iran in terms of otolith morphology and morphometrics. According to the results, these populations can be divided into two distinct groups including east and west of the Strait of Hormuz. Our results also provide evidence that there is a relationship between otolith morphology and the environment, serving as environmental factors that may influence the formation of specific regions in the otolith shape. Despite the remarkable morphological similarities among otoliths in geographically close populations of Charak and Chiruyeh, our data purposed that geographically these populations have different dorsal tip shapes in their otolith. In comparison to the data from other studies, the otoliths of Qeshm Island appear to resemble the overall shape of otolith found in Oman very closely. However, it is believed that Qeshm Island population was separated from the Hormuz basin populations during the Holocene Sea level rise. Also, the outcomes of this study provide insights into the potential role of environmental factors in shaping intraspecific diversity and the migration patterns of this species within the Persian Gulf.
Scanning electron microscopy comparison of an abnormal and normal otoliths of the Anguilla anguilla collected from the Bafa Lake in Western Anatolia
Authors: Jawad Laith A. , Güçlü Salim Serkan , Koca Habil Uğur , Cilbiz Mehmet 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAberrations in the otolith can harmfully influence the imperative actions of the fish species. The chief drive of the current investigation is to describe the deformities in the otoliths of the European eel Anguilla anguilla. Out of 76 Anguilla anguilla individuals collected from Bafa Lake in Western Anatolia, Türkiye, four female specimens exhibited abnormal otoliths. Scanning electron microscope was used to determine the deformed otoliths examined. The outcomes of the abnormality analyses in A. anguilla otoliths, deformities were noticed such as numerous prominence structures and bumps of different sizes on the surface of the otolith produced by buildup of the different crystal structures in some parts of the otolith. These deformities were found in the left and/or right otoliths of the female individuals of different total lengths. The percentage of individuals with abnormal otoliths of A. anguilla is calculated as 5.3%. The current study presents for the first‐time abnormal otolith information on left and right otoliths in female A. anguilla. Deformities in the otoliths of European eels are believed to result from a combination of genetic predisposition and stress caused by various environmental factors, such as water pollution, changes in salinity, temperature fluctuations and nutritional imbalances.
‘Being a Social Worker … It's in My DNA’ Retaining Experienced Child and Family Social Workers: The Role of Professional Identity
Authors: Cook Laura L. , Carder Sara , Zschomler Danny 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe retention of experienced child and family social workers is a significant issue in the United Kingdom, the United States and Europe. Failure to retain experienced practitioners has serious implications for the protection and support of vulnerable children. Existing research and workforce interventions have focused on the support of early‐career social workers to prevent exit. Relatively few studies have examined what can be learned from experienced social workers who have remained in the profession long‐term. This study captures the voices of experienced stayers. Data consist of interviews with social workers (n = 58) across 11 local authorities in England who have remained in practice for ≥8 years. Findings suggest that a strong sense of professional identity (PI) sustains social workers and promotes retention. For experienced social workers, staying in the profession long‐term involves navigating a series of identity challenges over the course of their career, conceptualized here as Critical Career Episodes (CCEs). Based on these findings, we suggest that retaining experienced social workers involves support to navigate CCEs alongside meaningful opportunities for learning and development. We identify three key factors that support and sustain ongoing PI development and support retention: generativity, specialism and mobility. The article concludes with recommendations to support workforce retention.
PathVar: A Customisable NGS Variant Calling Algorithm Implicates Novel Candidate Genes and Pathways in Hemiplegic Migraine
Authors: Alfayyadh Mohammed M. , Maksemous Neven , Sutherland Heidi G. , Lea Rodney A. , Griffiths Lyn R. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe exponential growth of next‐generation sequencing (NGS) data requires innovative bioinformatics approaches to unravel the genetic underpinnings of diseases. Hemiplegic migraine (HM), a debilitating neurological disorder with a genetic basis, is one such condition that warrants further investigation. Notably, the genetic heterogeneity of HM is underscored by the fact that approximately two‐thirds of patients lack pathogenic variants in the known causal ion channel genes. In this context, we have developed PathVar, a novel bioinformatics algorithm that harnesses publicly available tools and software for pathogenic variant discovery in NGS data. PathVar integrates a suite of tools, including HaplotypeCaller from the Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK) for variant calling, Variant Effect Predictor (VEP) and ANNOVAR for variant annotation, and TAPES for assigning the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) pathogenicity labels. Applying PathVar to whole exome sequencing data from 184 HM patients, we detected 648 variants that are probably pathogenic in multiple patients. Moreover, we have identified several candidate genes for HM, many of which cluster around the Rho GTPases pathway. Future research can leverage PathVar to generate high quality, candidate pathogenic variants, which may enhance our understanding of HM and other complex diseases.
A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of the Efficacy of Antimicrobial Chemoprophylaxis for Recurrent Acute Otitis Media in Children
Authors: Davies Timothy , Peng Xicheng , Salem Joseph , Elcioglu Zeynep C. , Kremneva Anna , Gruber Mei‐yin , Milinis Kristijonas , Mather Michael W. , Powell Jason , Sharma Sunil 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesAcute otitis media (AOM) is a common childhood infection. Recurrent AOM affects a subset of children, resulting in an adverse impact on quality of life, socioeconomic disadvantage, and risk of long‐term sequelae. Antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis is used in some settings but is increasingly controversial due to an awareness of adverse long‐term effects and contribution to global antibiotic resistance.Design and SettingA comprehensive literature search was undertaken using Medline (1946–October 2023) and Embase (1974–October 2023). The primary aim was to assess the efficacy of antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis on AOM episodes in children < 18 years of age. Bias and quality assessment was performed. Dichotomous data were analysed using risk ratio with 95% confidence intervals. Meta‐analysis was carried out using random‐effects models for pooled analysis, independent of heterogeneity. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I
2 statistic.Main Outcome MeasuresThe effect of antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis in children with rAOM on the number of individual AOM episodes. Secondary outcomes: assessment of antimicrobial agents and outcomes in children with risk factors.ResultsAssessment of qualitative data was performed on 20 studies (n = 2210). No controlled trials were identified post‐multivalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) introduction, restricting current generalisability. Quantitative meta‐analysis on nine pre‐PCV studies (n = 1087) demonstrated antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis reduced any episode of AOM with a risk ratio 0.59 (95% CI 0.45–0.77).ConclusionFamilies and clinicians must balance marginal short‐medium term benefit (based on pre‐PCV data), and the potential for adverse effects to that individual, and the societal risk of antimicrobial resistance with prolonged antibiotic use.
Hunting for Early Melanomas With a Maximum Clinical Surface Diameter up to 6 mm: A Prospective Study of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy Features in 68 Consecutive Cases
Authors: Pyne J. , MacDonald S. , Beale S. , Myint E. , Clark S. , Trang A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundEarly diagnosis of melanoma and prompt effective therapy optimizes prognosis. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) facilitates diagnosis by providing immediate 3D single cell resolution down into the papillary dermis.MethodsConsecutive cases were examined using a Vivascope 1500 confocal microscope at a single referral medical practice in Sydney, Australia 2019–2023. Melanoma clinical surface diameters were recorded by 0.1 mm increments up to 6.0 mm. The RCM features recorded were: pagetoid single cells or nests, pleomorphic cell shape, atypical dendritic cells, non‐edged papillae, variation in melanocyte size and confluent sheets of cells. All cases required diagnostic agreement by two dermatohistopathologists using hematoxylin and eosin staining followed by SOX 10 and/or PRAME stains if required.ResultsTotal cases were 68: 38 males (mean age 57) and 30 females (mean age 64). Melanoma in situ (n = 65) compared to invasive melanoma (n = 3), all males, invasion depth (0.4–0.5 mm). Most frequent RCM features found in 50% or more of cases within all diameter increments were: pagetoid single cells n = 64/68 (94%), pleomorphic cell shape n = 63/68 (93%), epidermal disarray n = 58/68 (85%), and atypical dendritic cells n = 45/68 (66%). Non‐edged dermal papillae were n = 42/68 (62%).ConclusionMelanoma RCM features were found throughout the diameter ranges. Confocal examination may facilitate early melanoma recognition in these ranges.
How do licensing boards provide oversight? An Idaho case study
Authors: Norris Conor , Adams Alex , Timmons Edward 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOccupational licensing laws are designed to improve service quality and protect consumers from harm by establishing entry requirements and oversight of practising professionals. Evidence on the effects of licensing is mixed. The quality of services is difficult to measure objectively, complicating attempts to compare costs and benefits of regulation. A 2017 executive order in the US state of Idaho required licensing boards to report disciplinary actions against professionals. This new source of data provides some insight into the type of enforcement undertaken by licensing boards. We find that disciplinary actions directly related to quality are rare. Between 0.01 and 0.38 per cent of licensees are disciplined for quality‐related issues; 36 to 53 per cent of total disciplinary actions are directly related to quality, with the rest covering technical breaches.
A minor masterpiece? Reconsidering De ponderibus et mensuris by Juan de Mariana
Authors: Patriarca Giovanni 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe article investigates a little‐known work titled De ponderibus et mensuris [On Weights and Measures] written by Juan de Mariana in 1599. It contains the embryo of his future monetary theories, and has other interesting aspects, not only juridical and historical but also epistemological. Significant points of convergence with the early modern mathematics and abacus tradition make it unique. Apart from its stylistic, pedagogical and technical originality, this work also appears as a watershed for the evolution of economic science, its language and methodology.
Belgian recommendations for managing psoriasis in a changing treatment landscape
Authors: Speeckaert R. , Nikkels A. F. , Lambert J. , Benhadou F. , Reynaert V. , Ghislain P. D. , Hillary T. , Lambert J. L. W. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTargeted biologic drugs and small molecules have transformed the psoriasis treatment landscape in recent years. The Belgian healthcare system, in common with many others across Europe, must balance the burgeoning use of these transformative, yet expensive, drugs with the sustainable use of limited resources. Drawing on recent updates to the EuroGuiDerm and the German S2 psoriasis guidelines, eight Belgian dermatologists experienced in treating patients with psoriasis undertook a quasi‐Delphi initiative to provide perspectives on the current opportunities and challenges in psoriasis. This update focuses on responsible ways to rationalize the use of innovative treatments (e.g. biologics and small molecules). Inherently, this required viewpoints on the International Psoriasis Council's new definition of severe psoriasis, defining psoriasis severity and the concept of treating to target. It discusses the appropriateness of using older biologics classes, biosimilars and personalized dosing and lastly, how teledermatology may play a role in providing sustainable, patient‐centric psoriasis care. In addition, this manuscript includes the updated Belgian evidence‐based treatment advice in psoriasis (BETA‐PSO) to reflect recent data and drug approvals. The recommendations reflect the best practices for clinicians when using systemic and biologic therapies to treat patients with psoriasis and offer guidance on how they may prescribe these drugs sustainably and efficiently.
Simulating Upper Eyelid Ptosis During Neuromodulator Injections—An Exploratory Injection and Dissection Study
Authors: Paternostro Ferdinando , Hong Wei‐Jin , Zhu Guo‐Sheng , Green Jeremy B. , Milisavljevic Milan , Cotofana Mikaela V. , Alfertshofer Michael , Hendrickx S. Benoit , Cotofana Sebastian 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAesthetic neuromodulator injections of the upper face are frequently performed to temporarily block muscular actions of the periorbital muscles to ultimately reduce skin rhytids. However, the adverse event rate in the literature for toxin‐induced blepharoptosis ranges from 0.51% to 5.4%.ObjectiveTo identify access pathways by which injected neuromodulator product can travel from extra‐ to intra‐orbital and therefore affect the levator palpebrae superioris muscle.MethodsNine non‐embalmed human body donors were investigated in this study with a mean age at death of 72.8 (16.1) years. The 18 supraorbital regions were injected in 28 times (14 for supratrochlear and 14 for supraorbital) with 0.5 cc, whereas eight cases (four for supratrochlear and four supraorbital) were injected with 0.1 cc of colored product. Anatomic dissections were conducted to identify structures stained by the injected color.ResultsThe results of this injection‐ and dissection‐based study revealed that both the supratrochlear and the supraorbital neurovascular bundles are access pathways for injected neuromodulator products to reach the intra‐orbital space and affect the levator palpebrea superioris muscle. Out of 36 conducted injection passes, seven (19.44%) resulted in affection of the sole elevator of the eyelid of which 100% occurred only at an injection volume of 0.5 cc and not at 0.1 cc.ConclusionClinically, the results indicate that a low injection volume, a superficial injection for the supraorbital location, and angling the needle tip away from the supratrochlear foramen (toward the contralateral temple) when targeting the corrugator supercilii muscles, can increase the safety profile of an aesthetic toxin glabellar treatment.
Effectiveness of Integrated Care for Older Pepole (ICOPE) in Improving Intrinsic Capacity in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Liu Wei , Qin Rixin , Zhang Xueyan , Li Guichen , Qiu Yiming , Zhang Guangwei , Chen Li 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveConduct a systematic review of existing studies on intrinsic capacity (IC) and a meta‐analysis of studies to assess the overall effectiveness of ICOPE in improving IC in older adults.MethodsTen databases were systematically searched from inception to November 8, 2023, and the search was last updated on January 2, 2024. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The main outcomes were IC (cognition, psychological, sensory, vitality and locomotion).ResultsThe results showed ICOPE had a significant effect in improving cognitive function (SMD = 0.36; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.56, p < 0.001, 12 RCTs, 7926 participants) and depressive symptoms (SMD = −0.70; 95% CI, −0.96 to −0.43, p < 0.001, 26 RCTs, 11,034 participants), but there was no statistically significant difference in improving locomotion (SMD = 0.16; 95% CI, −0.03 to 0.34, p = 0.098, 3 RCTs, 1580 participants). Meta‐regression analysis shows that intervention duration should be paid attention to when the source of heterogeneity is discussed on the cognition.ConclusionThe results suggest that ICOPE may be a potentially effective approach to help improve the IC in older adults, showing significant potential for improving cognitive function and reducing depressive symptoms in particular.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareICOPE is expected to provide effective strategies to enhance issues such as IC and may be an innovative way to improve the overall health of older adults. This result provides strong support for geriatric nursing practice and encourages the adoption of ICOPE as a viable nursing approach to promote healthy ageing.
Assessing the Risk of Delirium and Death in Sepsis Using the Braden Score: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Xinya , Tang Yonglan , Bai Zihong , Liang Xin , Huang Xiaxuan , Chen Jianguang , Cheng Hongtao , Lyu Jun , Wang Yu 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAims and ObjectivesTo provide a viable tool for the early clinical identification of high‐risk populations in patients with sepsis.BackgroundSepsis‐associated delirium (SAD) has the potential to significantly impact the short‐ and long‐term prognosis of patients. However, accurately predicting and effectively managing SAD remains a significant challenge.MethodsThis study employed a retrospective analysis of adult sepsis patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for the first time. Patients were divided into two groups based on their initial Braden score upon admission to the ICU: a high‐risk group (≤ 15 points) and a low‐risk group (> 15 points). The relationship between Braden score and delirium was assessed using logistic regression and restricted cubic splines, while restricted mean survival time was employed to analyse the relationship between Braden scores and patients' 90‐ and 180‐day mortality.ResultsOf the 28,312 patients included in the study, those in the high‐risk group exhibited a significantly elevated risk of delirium (44.8% vs. 29.7%) and higher 90‐day (28.7% vs. 19.4%) and 180‐day (33.2% vs. 24.1%) mortality rates (all p < 0.001). After adjusting for confounding variables, logistic regression demonstrated that the risk of delirium was 1.54 times higher in the high‐risk group (95% CI = 1.45–1.64, p < 0.001). Following propensity score matching, the difference in survival was statistically significant at both time points, with the high‐risk group having a reduced survival rate of 7.50 days (95% CI = −8.24, −6.75; p < 0.001) and 15.74 days (95% CI = −17.40, −14.08; p < 0.001) at 90 days and 180 days, respectively.ConclusionsThe Braden score is a simple and effective tool for the early identification of patients at increased risk of adverse outcomes in sepsis.DesignRetrospective study.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe Braden score can be employed by clinical nurses for the purpose of early identification of poor prognostic risk in patients with sepsis.Reporting MethodThis study was conducted according to the Strengthening Research in Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionPatients were involved in the sample of the study.
Symptom Clusters in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Qi Yishu , Li Huiyuan , Guo Yao , Cao Ying , Wong Cho Lee 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundBreast cancer patients experience various adverse symptoms during adjuvant chemotherapy. These adverse symptoms often form symptom clusters and have a negative impact on patients.AimsTo summarise common symptom clusters in different dimensions and their longitudinal changes among breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy.DesignA systematic review.Data SourcesTen electronic databases were searched from 2001 to January 2024, and the search was last updated on 16 August 2024.MethodsTwo reviewers independently assessed the eligibility of each study and extracted data. The Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers was used to evaluate the quality of included studies. The findings were synthesised narratively. This systematic review has been registered (CRD42022370210).ResultsNine studies with a total of 1454 participants were included. The common symptom clusters in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy were the gastrointestinal symptom cluster (nausea‐lack of appetite), the fatigue‐pain‐sleep disturbance symptom cluster and the psychological symptom cluster (worry‐sadness‐nervousness‐distress‐feeling irritable‐difficult concentrating). The severity dimension was the most frequently utilised in identifying symptom clusters, with the number and concurrence of symptom clusters showing variation over time.ConclusionsThis study summarised common symptom clusters in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy and revealed their changes from symptom dimensions and the chemotherapy process. These findings support further exploration of symptom cluster changes and underlying mechanisms, facilitating the design of targeted management strategies, including appropriate interventions and measurement dimensions in clinical nursing, to ultimately reduce patients' symptom burden.ImpactCommon symptom clusters have been identified in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. Clinical nursing in oncology can prioritise these symptom clusters and provide patients with targeted management strategies.Reporting MethodsPRISMA guidelines and SWiM guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.