bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated cerebral spinal fluid biomarkers in children with mucopolysaccharidosis I-H
Authors: Raymond Gerald V. , Pasquali Marzia , Polgreen Lynda E. , Dickson Patricia I. , Miller Weston P. , Orchard Paul J. , Lund Troy C. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type-IH is a lysosomal storage disease that results from mutations in the IDUA gene causing the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Historically, children with the severe phenotype, MPS-IH (Hurler syndrome) develop progressive neurodegeneration with death in the first decade due to cardio-pulmonary complications. New data suggest that inflammation may play a role in MPS pathophysiology. To date there is almost no information on the pathophysiologic changes within the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) of these patients. We evaluated the CSF of 25 consecutive patients with MPS-IH. While CSF glucose and total protein were within the normal range, we found a significantly mean elevated CSF opening pressure at 24 cm H2O (range 14–37 cm H2O). We observed a 3-fold elevation in CSF heparan sulfate and a 3–8 fold increase in MPS-IH specific non-reducing ends, I0S0 and I0S6. Cytokine analyses in CSF of children with MPS-IH showed significantly elevated inflammatory markers including: MCP-1 SDF-1a, IL-Ra, MIP-1b, IL-8, and VEGF in comparison to unaffected children. This is the largest report of CSF characteristics in children with MPS-IH. Identification of key biomarkers may provide further insight into the inflammatory-mediated mechanisms related to MPS diseases and perhaps lead to improved targeted therapies.
Acute Effects of Nitrogen Dioxide on Cardiovascular Mortality in Beijing: An Exploration of Spatial Heterogeneity and the District-specific Predictors
Authors: Luo Kai , Li Runkui , Li Wenjing , Wang Zongshuang , Ma Xinming , Zhang Ruiming , Fang Xin , Wu Zhenglai , Cao Yang , Xu Qun 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe exploration of spatial variation and predictors of the effects of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on fatal health outcomes is still sparse. In a multilevel case-crossover study in Beijing, China, we used mixed Cox proportional hazard model to examine the citywide effects and conditional logistic regression to evaluate the district-specific effects of NO2 on cardiovascular mortality. District-specific predictors that could be related to the spatial pattern of NO2 effects were examined by robust regression models. We found that a 10 μg/m3 increase in daily mean NO2 concentration was associated with a 1.89% [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.33–2.45%], 2.07% (95% CI: 1.23–2.91%) and 1.95% (95% CI: 1.16–2.72%) increase in daily total cardiovascular (lag03), cerebrovascular (lag03) and ischemic heart disease (lag02) mortality, respectively. For spatial variation of NO2 effects across 16 districts, significant effects were only observed in 5, 4 and 2 districts for the above three outcomes, respectively. Generally, NO2 was likely having greater adverse effects on districts with larger population, higher consumption of coal and more civilian vehicles. Our results suggested independent and spatially varied effects of NO2 on total and subcategory cardiovascular mortalities. The identification of districts with higher risk can provide important insights for reducing NO2 related health hazards.
Protein expression from unintegrated HIV-1 DNA introduces bias in primary in vitro post-integration latency models
Authors: Bonczkowski Pawel , De Scheerder Marie-Angélique , Malatinkova Eva , Borch Alexandra , Melkova Zora , Koenig Renate , De Spiegelaere Ward , Vandekerckhove Linos 
Published: December 2016

AbstractTo understand the persistence of latently HIV-1 infected cells in virally suppressed infected patients, a number of in vitro models of HIV latency have been developed. In an attempt to mimic the in vivo situation as closely as possible, several models use primary cells and replication-competent viruses in combination with antiretroviral compounds to prevent ongoing replication. Latency is subsequently measured by HIV RNA and/or protein production after cellular activation. To discriminate between pre- and post-integration latency, integrase inhibitors are routinely used, preventing novel integrations upon cellular activation. Here, we show that this choice of antiretrovirals may still cause a bias of pre-integration latency in these models, as unintegrated HIV DNA can form and directly contribute to the levels of HIV RNA and protein production. We further show that the addition of reverse transcriptase inhibitors effectively suppresses the levels of episomal HIV DNA (as measured by 2-LTR circles) and decreases the levels of HIV transcription. Consequently, we show that latency levels described in models that only use integrase inhibitors may be overestimated. The inclusion of additional control conditions, such as 2-LTR quantification and the addition of reverse transcriptase inhibitors, is crucial to fully elucidate the actual levels of post-integration latency.
BHX Inhibits the Wnt Signaling Pathway by Suppressing β-catenin Transcription in the Nucleus
Authors: Ding Fengxia , Wang Meisa , Du Yibo , Du Shuangshuang , Zhu Zhongling , Yan Zhao 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBHX (N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-1,3,4-triphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide), a Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor, effectively inhibits tumor cell growth, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Thus, we aim to investigate the effects and associated mechanism of BHX action on A549 and MCF-7 cell lines. In our study, MTT(3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) and xenograft model assay indicated that cell growth was inhibited by BHX at a range of concentrations in vitro and in vivo. The expression of β-catenin and Wnt signaling pathway downstream target genes were decreased evidently under BHX treatment. Flow cytometry also revealed that BHX treatment significantly induced G1 arrest. Further analysis showed that BHX lowered the transcriptional level of β-catenin. In conclusion, BHX inhibited the nuclear synthesis of β-catenin, thereby suppressing the Wnt signaling pathway and further inhibiting tumor growth and proliferation.
Analysis of the Serum Lipid Profile in Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy
Authors: Li Miaoling , Zhang Xiongze , Liao Nanying , Ye Baikang , Peng Yuting , Ji Yuying , Wen Feng 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPolypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), the predominant subtype of neovascular age-related macular degeneration in the Asian population, is associated with genetic polymorphism of lipid metabolism. In this study, we performed the untargeted lipidomics approach of ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) to reveal the potential discriminating lipid profile of PCV patients in serum (21 PCV patients and 19 age-matched controls). Unsupervised principal component, supervised orthogonal partial least squares analysis, correlation analysis, and heatmap analysis were performed with the data obtained by UPLC-MS. Forty–one discriminating metabolites were identified. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, pathway analysis and functional analysis were performed subsequently, and platelet-activating factor (PAF) was further selected as the key indicator of the distinct lipid metabolism in PCV patients. Finally, the serum level of PAF was validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which is significantly higher in PCV patients compared to controls (65 PCV patients and 63 age-matched controls, p < 0.0001), consistent with the UPLC-MS analysis. Our results suggested that PAF is considered as the major indicator of the distinct lipid metabolism in PCV patients.
Metal Induced Growth of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides at Controlled Locations
Authors: Wang Zhendong , Huang Qi , Chen Peng , Guo Shouhui , Liu Xiaoqing , Liang Xuelei , Wang Li 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMetal induced nucleation is adopted to achieve the growth of transition metal dichalcogenides at controlled locations. Ordered arrays of MoS2 and WS2 have successfully been fabricated on SiO2 substrates by using the patterned Pt/Ti dots as the nucleation sites. Uniform MoS2 monolayers with the adjustable size up to 50 μm are grown surrounding these metal patterns and the mobility of such layer is about 0.86 cm2/V·s. The crystalline flakes of WS2 are also fabricated extending from the metal patterns and the electron mobility of these flakes is up to 11.36 cm2/V·s.
Mutational analysis of PRNP in Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia in China
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Jiao Bin , Xiao Tingting , Pan Chuzheng , Liu Xixi , Zhou Lin , Tang Beisha , Shen Lu 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe prion protein (PRNP) gene is associated with prion diseases, whereas variants of the PRNP gene may also explain some cases of Alzheimer disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) in Caucasian populations. To determine the prevalence of the PRNP gene in patients with AD and FTD in China, we screened all exons of the PRNP gene in a cohort of 683 cases (606 AD and 77 FTD) in the Chinese Han population and we detected a novel missense mutation p.S17G in a late-onset AD (LOAD) patient. Furthermore, we analyzed the PRNP M/V polymorphism at codon 129, which was previously reported as a risk factor. However, there were no significant differences in genotype and allele frequency either in AD (OR = 0.75[0.378–1.49], P = 0.492), or FTD patients (OR = 2.046[0.265–15.783], P = 0.707). To our knowledge, this is the first study to reveal a correlation between the PRNP gene and Chinese AD and FTD patients in a large cohort. This study reports a novel p.S17G mutation in a clinically diagnosed LOAD patient, suggesting that the PRNP mutation is present in Chinese AD patients, whereas, M129V polymorphism is not a risk factor for AD or FTD in the Chinese Han population.
Unc-5 homolog B (UNC5B) is one of the key downstream targets of N-α-Acetyltransferase 10 (Naa10)
Authors: Xu Huiyu , Han Yong , Liu Bing , Li Rong 
Published: December 2016

AbstractN-α-acetyltransferase 10 (Naa10) displays alpha (N-terminal) acetyltransferase activity. It functions as a major modulator of cell growth and differentiation. Until now, a few downstream targets were found, but no studies have concerned about which gene is the early event of Naa10 downstream target. As we know, the earlier events may play more significant role in Naa10 pathway. Through construction of Naa10 stably knocked down H1299 cell line, we discovered cell morphological changes induced by Naa10. Moreover, potential function of Naa10 in cell morphogenesis was also indicated using cDNA microarray analysis of the Naa10 stably knock-down cell line. We further discovered that netrin-1 (NTN1) and its receptor UNC-5 Homology B (UNC5B) were the early event among the genes involved in Naa10 stably knocked down induced genes expression changes in cell morphogenesis. This was further validated in caudal half region of E10 mouse embryos. Negative regulation of Naa10 towards NTN1 and its receptor UNC5B were also detected upon treatment of all-trans retinoid acid, which was often used to induce morphological differentiation.
Unfolding large-scale online collaborative human dynamics
Authors: Zha Yilong , Zhou Tao , Zhou Changsong 
Published: December 2016

SignificanceThis paper uncovered a universal double–power-law distribution of interupdate times for articles in Wikipedia and unfolded the seemingly complex collaborative patterns into three generic modules related to individual behavior, interaction among individuals, and population growth. The model is analytically solved and fully supported by the real data. As this model does not depend on any specific rules of Wikipedia, it is highly applicable for other online collaborative systems like software development and email communication. Similar scaling properties and models were reported for earthquake recurrence times, suggesting that interacting natural and social systems share universal collective mechanisms.
Siderophore-based microbial adaptations to iron scarcity across the eastern Pacific Ocean
Authors: Boiteau Rene M. , Mende Daniel R. , Hawco Nicholas J. , McIlvin Matthew R. , Fitzsimmons Jessica N. , Saito Mak A. , Sedwick Peter N. , DeLong Edward F. , Repeta Daniel J. 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Iron limits marine production across one third of the surface ocean. The chemical form of iron in these regions is unknown, but it is well established that molecular speciation affects microbial competition for iron uptake. Here we show that the abundance and identity of siderophores, strong iron-binding compounds secreted by microbes to enhance iron uptake, changes across iron-replete and iron-deficient regions of the South Pacific Ocean. In low-iron regions, amphiphilic siderophores are particularly abundant, suggesting a microbial strategy designed to minimize diffusive loss of metabolically expensive compounds while facilitating iron acquisition. Phylogenetic analysis further suggests that the ability to produce amphiphilic siderophores has been transferred across multiple bacterial lineages, suggesting a possible mechanism of adaptation.
Combined Effects of Barge Transportation, River Environment, and Rearing Location on Straying and Migration of Adult Snake River Fall‐Run Chinook Salmon
Authors: Bond Morgan H. , Westley Peter A. H. , Dittman Andrew H. , Holecek Dean , Marsh Tiffani , Quinn Thomas P. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractHoming and straying in salmon have been extensively studied, yet it has proven difficult to disentangle the biotic and abiotic factors that influence straying. In the Columbia River basin, some juvenile salmon are collected at dams and transported downstream to increase survival during seaward migration, and as returning adults they experience a range of environmental conditions as they ascend the river. We examined 8 years of PIT tag detection data for hatchery‐reared, fall‐run Chinook SalmonOncorhynchus tshawytschareleased in the Snake River to evaluate the combined effects of juvenile barging, rearing and release locations, and environmental conditions on adult migration speed and straying below and above the Columbia River–Snake River confluence. Straying to the upper Columbia River was 10–19 times more likely among adults that were barged as juveniles from Snake River dams than among adults that were in‐river migrants or that were transported from McNary Dam (below the confluence) as juveniles. Similarly, barging from Snake River dams and warmer Columbia River temperatures increased the likelihood of straying into streams below the confluence. Furthermore, adult upstream migration was slower among juveniles that were reared at two mid‐Columbia River hatcheries and juveniles that were barged, indicating possible navigational impairment. However, rearing location, release distance, and release age had relatively minimal effects on straying. Collectively, our results indicate that (1) adult migration and homing are affected by a complex combination of processes that take place during smolt out‐migration and the adult return migration, and (2) enhancement efforts can inadvertently add to the challenge. The straying of barged fish demonstrates the potential for increasing adult returns to the Snake River by changing the barging process so that it more adequately supports the proper imprinting of juveniles.Received May 13, 2016; accepted September 7, 2016 Published online December 2, 2016
Plasma acylcarnitines are associated with pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Luo Nancy , Craig Damian , Ilkayeva Olga , Muehlbauer Michael , Kraus William E. , Newgard Christopher B. , Shah Svati H. , Rajagopal Sudarshan 
Published: December 2016

Quantifying metabolic derangements in pulmonary hypertension (PH) by plasma metabolomics could identify biomarkers useful for diagnosis and treatment. The objective of this paper is to test the hypotheses that circulating metabolites are differentially expressed in PH patients compared with controls and among different hemodynamic subtypes of PH associated with left heart disease. We studied patients enrolled in the CATHGEN biorepository with PH (right heart catheterization mPAP ≥ 25 mmHg; n = 280). Of these, 133 met criteria for postcapillary PH, 82 for combined precapillary and postcapillary PH (CpcPH), and 65 for precapillary PH. Targeted profiling of 63 metabolites (acylcarnitines, amino acids, and ketones) was performed using tandem flow injection mass spectrometry. Multivariable linear regression was used to determine differences in metabolite factors derived from a principal components analysis between PH cases, PH subtypes, and non‐PH controls. In adjusted models, the metabolite factor loaded with long‐chain acylcarnitines was higher in all PH cases versus non‐PH controls (P = 0.00008), but did not discriminate between CpcPH and postcapillary PH (P = 0.56). In analyses of subtypes, CpcPH patients had lower levels of factors loaded with urea cycle amino acids and short chain acylcarnitines as compared to controls (P = 0.002 and P = 0.01, respectively) and as compared to postcapillary PH (P = 0.04 and P = 0.02, respectively). Compared to controls, PH was strongly associated with greater concentrations of long‐chain acylcarnitines. Postcapillary PH and CpcPH were weakly associated with distinct metabolomic profiles. These findings suggest the presence of unique metabolic abnormalities in subtypes of PH and may reflect underlying pathophysiology.
Weight Trajectories of Israeli Pediatric Cancer Survivors
Authors: Stern Marilyn , Bachar Eytan , Ronen Ackerman Eyal , Rancourt Diana , Bonne Omer , Weintraub Michael 
Published: December 2016

AbstractObjective Cross-national replication of the high rates of overweight/obesity among U.S. pediatric cancer survivors (PCS) is limited. Predictors of weight trajectories of Israeli PCS were examined from diagnosis and end of active cancer treatment to 3 years posttreatment. Methods World Health Organization-derived body mass index (z-BMI) values were calculated at each time point from medical records of 135 Israeli PCS (M diagnosis age = 11.4). A three-section piecewise multilevel model including age, ethnicity, gender, treatment length, and diagnosis as predictors was used to estimate z-BMI trajectories. Results Most participants remained at a healthy weight at all time points. Differing weight trajectories emerged for PCS diagnosed with lymphoma/leukemia versus other cancer diagnoses from diagnosis to end of treatment, but similar weight change patterns were observed posttreatment. Conclusion Replication of U.S. PCS weight trajectories was not observed in Israeli PCS, suggesting the importance of exploring environmental risk factors contributing to obesity among PCS.
A strongly truncated inner accretion disc in the Rapid Burster
Authors: van den Eijnden J. , Bagnoli T. , Degenaar N. , Lohfink A. M. , Parker M. L. , in ‘t Zand J. J. M , Fabian A. C. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The neutron star (NS) low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) the Rapid Burster (RB; MXB 1730-335) uniquely shows both Type I and Type II X-ray bursts. The origin of the latter is ill-understood but has been linked to magnetospheric gating of the accretion flow. We present a spectral analysis of simultaneous Swift, NuSTAR and XMM–Newton observations of the RB during its 2015 outburst. Although a broad Fe K line has been observed before, the high quality of our observations allows us to model this line using relativistic reflection models for the first time. We find that the disc is strongly truncated at $41.8^{+6.7}_{-5.3}$ gravitational radii (∼87 km), which supports magnetospheric Type II burst models and strongly disfavours models involving instabilities at the innermost stable circular orbit. Assuming that the RB magnetic field indeed truncates the disc, we find B = (6.2 ± 1.5) × 108 G, larger than typically inferred for NS LMXBs. In addition, we find a low inclination ($i = 29^{\circ } \pm 2^{\circ }$). Finally, we comment on the origin of the Comptonized and thermal components in the RB spectrum.
Energy storage through intercalation reactions: electrodes for rechargeable batteries
Authors: Massé Robert C. , Liu Chaofeng , Li Yanwei , Mai Liqiang , Cao Guozhong 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Electrochemical energy storage has been an important enabling technology for modern electronics of all kinds, and will grow in importance as more electric vehicles and grid-scale storage systems are deployed. We briefly review the history of intercalation electrodes and basic concepts pertaining to batteries based on intercalation reactions. Then we summarize how the critical performance metrics—energy density, power density, safety and stability—relate back to electrode materials properties, and how these materials properties are related to fundamental chemical and physical structure relationships highlighted with the most recent research advancement. Challenges and avenues for further research have been highlighted throughout.
Oculographic, Clinical Test of Sensory Integration and Balance and Computerized Dynamic Posturography Findings in Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Amor-Dorado Juan Carlos , Barreira-Fernandez Maria P. , Llorca Javier , Gonzalez-Gay Miguel A. 
Published: December 2016

Objective:
To assess the frequency and characteristics of the oculographic findings and the usefulness of the clinical test of sensory integration and balance (CTSIB) for the evaluation of balance in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) by comparing this test with the computerized dynamic posturography (CDP).

Study Design:
A series of consecutive patients that fulfilled the Moll and Wright criteria for PsA and matched controls were studied.

Setting:
The study was performed at the Otolaryngology Division of a tertiary reference center.

Intervention:
Vestibular evaluation including CTSIB followed by CDP was performed to all patients and age, sex, and ethnically frequency-matched controls.

Main Outcome Measure:
Patterns of CTSIB and CDP (gold standard) were assessed and compared.

Patients:
Sixty PsA patients (63.3% women) and 60 matched controls.

Results:
PsA patients had higher frequency of abnormal oculocephalic response (13.3%) and abnormal caloric test (26.7%) than controls (0% in both cases) (p = 0.006 and p < 0.001, respectively). Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) was diagnosed in two (3.4%) patients and none of the controls (p = 1). Significantly increased frequency of abnormal CTSIB test with vestibular loss pattern (33.3%) in patients compared with controls (6%) was observed (p = 0.002). Significantly increased frequency of abnormal CDP was also observed in PsA patients (14 [23.3%] versus 0 [0%] of controls) (p < 0.001). CTSIB yielded 100% sensitivity, 73% specificity, 48% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value.

Conclusions:
This study indicates that oculographic findings are common in PsA. CTSIB is useful for assessing balance disorder screening in the routine clinical practice in these patients.