bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrophysiological Insights: Using Repetitive Nerve Stimulation to Monitor Clinical Status and Remission in Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Tunç Abdulkadir , Güngen Belma Doğan , Öncel Samet , Sivaci Ali Özhan 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder with a variable course that complicates the prediction of remission. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) in monitoring clinical status through the assessment of decremental response rates in the nasalis and trapezius muscles during treatment.

Subjects and Methods:
A prospective study was conducted with 52 patients diagnosed with generalized MG. Patients underwent clinical assessments, including tests for anti-acetylcholine receptor and anti-muscle-specific kinase antibodies, and were classified according to the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America classification. Electrophysiological testing through RNS and single-fiber electromyography was performed. Data analysis involved comparing the RNS decrement rates with clinical and demographic variables. Follow-up for assessing remission spans 2 years.

Results:
Among the 52 patients, 53.8% achieved clinical remission. In the remission group, 14.3% of the patients exhibited a decremental response compared with 70.8% in the nonremission group, particularly in the nasalis and trapezius muscles, in the follow-up RNS conducted 2 years after the initial assessment (P < 0.05). The remission group presented significantly lower rates of antibody positivity and less bulbar involvement. Interestingly, initial clinical severity did not correlate significantly with remission.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrated the usefulness of RNS in assessing the clinical status of MG patients and evaluating the effectiveness of current therapeutic strategies. These findings suggest that focusing on specific muscle responses in RNS can provide valuable information for patient management.
Ocular sequelae following snakebite envenomation
Authors: Joshy Susmitha , Chaitra M. C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We report the case of a 33-year-old male patient who developed ophthalmoplegic symptoms following a viper snakebite. The patient presented with complaints of ptosis, blurred vision, and diplopia following a snakebite on his left lower limb. Clinical examinations revealed signs of envenomation, including local swelling and tenderness, alongside ocular manifestations such as limited extraocular movements and alternating exotropia. Blood investigations showed elevated white blood cell count and urinary abnormalities. The objective of this case report is to present the characteristic findings and management of this rare manifestation of a viper snakebite.
Global Mental Health: The View from Social Medicine and Medical Anthropology
Authors: Kleinman Arthur 
Published: September 2024

Background:
This article explores the interplay between social medicine and medical anthropology in shaping global mental health perspectives.

Methods:
In this review, the author has reviewed pertinent topics about the interplay between social medicine and medical anthropology as reflected in his professional work presented in a 2023 special issue of Daedalus and a special lecture delivered to the Taiwanese Society of Psychiatry in June 2024.

Results:
How societal factors such as economic disparity, gender norms, ethnic conflicts, and global cultural shifts significantly influence mental health outcomes are highlighted. The discussion extends to the mental health repercussions of COVID-19 pandemic, the implications of aging populations, and the growing prevalence of dementia. In addition, the article critiques current mental health strategies, advocating for a broader approach that integrates social, cultural, and economic interventions. The role of community-based care is emphasized, with a particular focus on the effectiveness of community health workers in delivering mental health services. This piece calls for a reevaluation of psychiatric practices to more comprehensively address the complexities of global mental health, urging a move toward structurally and culturally sensitive care solutions.

Conclusion:
Psychiatry needs to change and will change, owing to global forces and new research that are creating a different kind of mental health-care system for the future.
Performances of Large Language Models in Detecting Psychiatric Diagnoses from Chinese Electronic Medical Records: Comparisons between GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and GPT-4o
Authors: Chien Chien Wen , Tai Yueh-Ming 
Published: September 2024

Objectives:
As a type of artificial intelligence (AI), the large language model (LLM) is designed to understand and generate human-like fluent texts. Typical LLMs, e.g., GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and GPT-4o, interact with users through “prompts” and some internal parameters, like “temperature.” Currently, some AI models have been widely used in the field of psychiatry, but systemic reports examining the capacity and suitability of LLM in detecting psychiatry diagnoses are still lacking. In this study, we intended to explore the performances of different generations of LLMs with different levels of temperature in detecting mental illnesses from electronic medical records (EMRs).

Methods:
We collected 500 Chinese EMRs from one mental hospital in northern Taiwan, with the “current medical history” section as corpuses. We used the GPT-3.5-turbo-16K, GPT-4, and GPT-4o models provided by Microsoft’s Azure OpenAI service (www.portal.azure.com) to generate AI-based predictions (the probability) for the diagnoses of major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia (SCZ), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). Clinic diagnoses made by qualified psychiatrists were treated as gold standards (target) of receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Then, their area under the ROC curve (AUCs) were compared using the DeLong test.

Results:
Among 500 recruited Chinese EMRs in this study, 56.6% were primarily diagnosed with MDD, as well as 22.4% with SCZ, 11.2% with ADHD, and 9.2% with ASD. In general, our LLMs achieved AUCs of 0.84 to 0.98 for detecting four different diagnoses. There were no significant differences between versions, but newer versions (GPT-4o models with AUCs of 0.98–0.97 for SCZ, ADHD, and ASD) performed better than older versions (GPT-3.5 models with AUCs of 0.88–0.96) except for MDD (AUC of 0.95 for GPT-4 and AUC of 0.93 for GPT-4o). Although DeLong tests showed nonsignificant differences between the AUCs of models with different levels of temperature, models with zero temperatures generally represented the best performances in magnitudes.

Conclusion:
To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate that LLMs performed excellently in distinguishing some mental illnesses. Nevertheless, the diagnostic capabilities of LLMs differed from other diagnoses such as MDD. We hypothesize that this phenomenon may partially result from the complexity of symptomology and/or the content filtering rules of OpenAI. Therefore, more advanced models, e.g., GPT-5, or private training models, e.g., Llamma 3, with the relevance generative answering technique, are expected to answer our questions.
Consistency of Youth Identity Construction in Media Texts: Development and Adaptation of Actor-Network Theory for Empirical Media Research (Сase Study)
Authors: Sosnovskaya Anna M. 
Published: September 2024

The formation of youth identity in communication is on the agenda of many areas of humanitarian knowledge. We analyzed communication within the framework of an educational media project, which resulted in the construction of the expected identity. In the course of the analysis, we used a conceptual model of communication that combines the stages of identity construction in interaction with the environment and the actions of actors from the standpoint of the methodology of actor-network theory. A three-dimensional model of communication is presented for the first time, where actors and actants change the communicative process by their affordances and resistance. The obtained results allow to delineate the necessary actions of human and non-human actors at each stage of communication and identity integration, giving the opportunity to justify a new theoretical direction in the study of the problems of identity construction through media communication. The methodology requires further testing, but there are already positive results. The tendency of actualization of urban identity of young people depending on the focus on interaction with the heritage of the city and according to the stages of communication, according to the conceptual model, has been established. The article is intended for specialists in mass communication and journalism, and will also be useful for those interested in the ontological turn in humanitarian knowledge, actor-network theory, discourse and media text analysis.
Eschatology of the Singularity: “Deus ex machina” in the Construction of Film Images of the Future
Authors: Bakumenko Gennady V. , Luginina Anna G. , Baklanova Olga A. 
Published: September 2024

The mixed assessment by critics and theorists of the deus ex machina artistic device common in popular cinema requires a more thorough study of its dramatic and narrative functions in science fiction films. It is in the construction of film images of the future that this technique is combined with a fantastic assumption, expressing the narrator’s attitude towards artistic narration and becoming an argument in dialogue with the viewer.
The study reveals, based on the analysis of empirical material, the multifunctionality of deus ex machina using the example of the development of the theme of technological singularity in cinema. The analysis of films significant for the development of the science fiction (Sci-Fi) genre and the most popular television series among science fiction fans today demonstrates the evolution of the deus ex machina technique. In addition to the trivial function of arbitrary resolution of peripeteia, it acquires various dramatic functions (accelerating or slowing down the rhythm of action, connecting parts of the plot in a large form), obtains the properties of scaling and fragmentation, synchrony and asynchrony with a fantastic assumption, adding complex narrative functions to the toolkit of expressive means, through which the narrator reveals or, on the contrary, conceals his attitude to artistic reality, involving the viewer into the game of probable meanings.
The authors of the article come to the conclusion that the theme of technological singularity has been penetrating cinema since its appearance in the work of L. Lumiere and determines, depending on the narrator’s attitude to the topic, the vector of techno-skepticism or techno-optimism in the eschatological dilemma that characterizes the cosmogony of traditional religions.
The article is of interest to researchers and film lovers and contributes to the study of artistic and scientific communication.
A (controversa) trajetória da política nacional de ordenamento territorial no Brasil
Authors: Rocha Neto João Mendes da 
Published: September 2024

A ordenação territorial ainda se estabelece como um tema ambivalente na agenda de políticas públicas brasileiras, embora constitucionalizada, existe uma série de fatores de ordem institucional que tornam desafiadora a formação da política que trata do tema. Nesse sentido, entender a trajetória percorrida pelo processo de elaboração da Política Nacional de ordenamento Territorial (PNOT) é o objetivo do presente artigo. A pesquisa partiu de um debate conceitual, para então ir à busca de dados e publicações oficiais, que possibilitaram relacionar essa complexa arquitetura legal/institucional, que marcou aprimeira proposta da PNOT. A investigação demonstrou que, embora tenha se incorporado à agenda de governo com um razoável espaço institucional, aos poucos, a PNOT foi sendo secundarizada, frente a outras políticas públicas, o que resultou em seu desaparecimento, suscitando uma série de questões até hoje não respondidas. O artigo apresenta alguns elementos que possibilitam interpretar a controversa trajetória de elaboração da PNOT, e se esforça para aclarar as disputas e opções existentes na formação da agenda e do processo decisório nas esferas estratégicas de governo. Aspectos tratados na pesquisa podem servir de norte para compreensão desse complexo ambiente institucional que está por trás da formulação das políticas públicas.
Uso do extrato da casca do fruto do pequizeiro (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) como componente ativo principal na formulação de fotoprotetores
Authors: Araújo Olímpio Ellen Laureany , Magalhães Ruas Lívia Tamara , Soares Pinto da Silva Ana Luzia , Melo Geraldo Aclécio 
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar o uso do extrato hidroalcoólico da casca do fruto pequizeiro (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) na composição de formulações fotoprotetoras. Metodologia: Foram realizados ensaios avaliando a capacidade fotoprotetora e antioxidante do extrato e de formulações onde o extrato foi utilizado como ingrediente ativo principal. Também foram realizados testes preliminares de estabilidade das formulações que garantam a segurança e qualidade das mesmas. A capacidade fotoprotetora foi avaliada in vitro pelo fator de proteção solar e a atividade antioxidante foi avaliada pela capacidade de redução do radical difenil picril hidrazina (DPPH). A estabilidade preliminar das formulações foi avaliada pelo teste de resistência à centrifugação, pelo teste de estresse térmico e pelo teste de estabilidade em altas e baixas temperaturas. Resultados: O extrato apresentou capacidade fotoprotetora e atividade antioxidante proporcional à concentração usada. Formulações contendo o extrato em menores concentrações (FPS 15) apresentaram-se mais eficazes e estáveis. Conclusões: O extrato etanólico da casca do fruto do pequizeiro apresenta características de fotoproteção e atividade antioxidante e o seu uso como ingrediente ativo em formulações confere eficácia na fotoproteção.
Palavras-chave: Câncer de pele, Produtos naturais, Fotoproteção, Radiação UV, Antioxidantes.
Agronomic Responses of Medicago Sativa by Effect of Different Manure Tea
Authors: Paredes Carlos Roberto López , Rivera Santiago Alexander Guamán , Orejuela-Romero Jennifer Alexandra , Lara Júlio Cesar Benavides , Morales Greys Carolina Herrera , Andrade Leonardo Daniel Cabezas , Salgado Myriam Valeria Ruiz , Oñate-Mancero Francisco Javier 
Published: September 2024

Objective: a study was conducted about the use of different manure tea, bovine (T1), sheep (T2), poultry manure (T3) and the control (T0).

Theoretical Framework: The use of synthetic fertilisers with a high carbon footprint, due to their environmental implications, is currently a matter of great concern in the international scientific community. For this reason, the use of environmentally friendly alternative resources is a subject of great interest, and has been the reason for researching alternatives for their application in practice.

Method: They were applied at 15 days post cut of the preset alfalfa crop, the investigation lasted 184 days the size of the experimental units were 4x5 meters with five replicates per treatment damaged a total of 20 experimental plots with a total net area of 400 square meters test. The distribution of treatment was performed using a nested design complete randomized block experiment.

Results and Discussion: The results report that the best results were obtained by applying the treatment of poultry manure tea in the three replicas of the production test with an average of three cuts of green fodder, dry matter, plant height, stems/plant, leaf/stem, coverage area, basal coverage, and cost of 12.05 tons/ha/cut of green fodder, 2.17 tons/ha/cut of dry matter, 79.91 cm plant height, stem 53.04/plant, leaves 41.40/stem, 94.26% coverage area, 61.74% of basal coverage and 141% return. So, we recommend using poultry manure to cut 15 days post because the best production rates were reported.

Research Implications: At the local level, these results are very interesting due to the fragility of biodiversity and anthropogenic changes that have caused severe pressure on biotic components.

Originality/Value: The lack of information on fertilisation alternatives makes this work unprecedented and contributes to the generation of information for the livestock sector in Ecuador and the region.
Atrioseptostomía con balón bajo guía ecocardiográfica y fluoroscópica en pacientes con cardiopatías congénitas menores de 3 meses en un centro pediátrico de referencia nacional
Authors: Catalán Cabrera Alex , Condori Alvino Karen , Medina Durand Mónica , Galvez-Arévalo Ricardo 
Published: September 2024

Objective. Balloon atrioseptostomy is an emergency procedure in congenital heart diseases requiring an atrial septal defect to increase cardiac output in right-sided obstructive lesions or to improve mixing in patients with transposition of the great arteries. This procedure is currently performed with both fluoroscopy and echocardiography. The main objective is to describe our experience with the use of balloon atrioseptostomy under echocardiographic and fluoroscopic guidance in patients under 3 months. Materials and methods. A descriptive, comparative and retrospective study in patients in whom balloon atrioseptostomy was performed under echocardiographic and fluoroscopic guidance between 2018 and 2023 in a referral hospital in Peru. Results. 36 patients were analyzed, of which 21 were from the fluoroscopy group. and 15 patients from the echocardiography group. More than 2/3 of the cases were males, and more than 60% of patients in both groups had transposition of the great vessels. No significant differences were found in terms of ventilatory support and inotropic support. The success of the procedure was 100% in both groups, without complications. Conclusion. Both balloon atrioseptostomy performed by fluoroscopy and those performed by echocardiography were successful and without complications, emphasizing that the one performed by echocardiography is performed in the patient’s crib, avoiding the transfer of the critical unit to the angiography room and without the use of radiation.
Shelter in Uncertainty: Evaluating Gold and Bitcoin as Safe Havens Against G7 Stock Market Indices During Global Crises
Authors: Snene Manzli Yasmine , Jeribi Ahmed 
Published: September 2024

This paper investigates the hedging and safe haven capacity of gold and Bitcoin against the G7 stock market indices during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russia-Ukraine military conflict, and the Silicon Valley Bank collapse. Using a novel Quantile-VAR connectedness approach, the results show that, at the median quantile, both gold and Bitcoin act as effective hedges during normal market conditions and strong safe-haven assets during the three crises. Gold emerges as the most prominent safe haven asset, outperforming Bitcoin, especially during the war and the SVB collapse. Among the G7 stock market indices, the Japanese and the American stocks may be used as risk diversifiers during crises. As for the rest of the G7 stocks, they are regarded as “risk-on” investments. Next, we assessed the robustness of our results at various quantiles. We found them to be generally consistent with the outcomes obtained at the median quantile, with one exception related to the S&P500.The results show that the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic and the war are much stronger than the American banking crisis.
Estrategia de indización y visibilidad web de la Revista Cubana de Tecnología de la Salud
Authors: Araujo-Inastrilla Carlos Rafael , Llosa-Santana Mayelin , Gutiérrez-Vera Dayami , Cárdenas Hernández Dalila , Manzanet-Valladares Katherine 
Published: September 2024

La indización consiste en registrar datos e informaciones ordenados en un índice cuyo contenido esté relacionado con los términos de búsqueda, que muestra una ubicación. En la actualidad, el algoritmo que se emplea para indexar una revista científica es un tema poco visible. Implica una necesidad para los profesionales que se encargan de la gestión editorial a la hora de alcanzar los máximos estándares de calidad. Se diseñó una estrategia de indización que contribuya a la visibilidad y el posicionamiento a nivel internacional de la Revista Cubana de Tecnología de la Salud. Se realizó una investigación aplicada entre enero de 2020 y marzo de 2023 en la Revista Cubana de Tecnología de la Salud. La estrategia se desarrolló a través de los métodos generales de la investigación científica, con el apoyo de métodos estadísticos para analizar los primeros resultados. Se diseñó una estrategia cuyo objetivo fue indexar la revista en los sistemas de indización y resumen de impacto para mejorar su visibilidad y posicionamiento tanto a nivel nacional como internacional. La estrategia constó de cuatro etapas: diagnóstico, planificación, ejecución y evaluación. Se presentaron resultados parciales que demuestran el incremento del número de indexaciones realizadas por la revista.
GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE OF TARKO-SALE TOWN IN YAMALO-NENETS AUTONOMOUS DISTRICT
Authors: Аткина Л.И. , Жукова М.В. , Попов А. С. 
Published: September 2024

Формирование зеленой инфраструктуры городов является одним из приоритетов экологических программ России. Если в больших городах подобные исследования проводятся, то для малых городов, тем более для городов Севера, эта проблема не решена и даже не изучена досконально. Примером такого города является г. Тарко-Сале Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа. Для выявления особенностей зеленой инфраструктуры города было проведено обследование всех объектов озеленения. Кроме изучения архивных материалов и документов градостроительного планирования, были описаны и нанесены на карту насаждения 34 улиц и трех скверов в селитебной части города общей протяженностью 21 230 км, где установлено произрастание 4306 экземпляров деревьев и кустарников. В результате проведенных исследований можно утверждать, что в г. Тарко-Сале как часть инфраструктуры существуют «зеленые ядра», то есть объекты, активно влияющие на микроклимат города. Это крупные парки «Прибрежный» и «Здоровье». Но линейные объекты, которые должны соединять их в единый каркас, очень слабы. Только 30 % протяженности всех улиц имеют густоту посадок вдоль дорог 2–3 экземпляра на 10 метров протяженности, а 13 % улиц вообще не имеют ни деревьев, ни газонов. Зеленую инфраструктуру г. Тарко-Сале можно определить как неполную, слабо функционирующую. Для ее развития необходимо увеличивать количество деревьев во внутригородских линейных элементах озеленения: уличные посадки и малые скверы, вытянутые вдоль улиц.
The development of green infrastructure in cities is one of the priorities of Russia's environmental programs. Such studies are conducted in large cities, but in case of small towns, especially in the North, this problem has not been solved and has not even been thoroughly studied. Tarko-Sale in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District is an example of such town. In order to identify the features of the green infrastructure of the town, a survey of all the landscaping facilities of the town was conducted. In addition to studying archival materials and urban planning documents, plantings of 34 streets and three squares in the residential part of the city with a total length of 21,230 km were described and mapped, where 4,306 specimens of trees and shrubs were found to grow. The research results provide an opportunity to claim that Tarko-Sale has "green cores" as part of the infrastructure, that is, objects influencing greatly the microclimate of the town. These are large parks called Pribrezhniy and Zdorovie. But the linear objects that should connect them into a single frame are very weak. Only 30 % of the length of all streets has a density of plantings of 2–3 items per 10 meters of length along roads, and 13 % of streets have no trees or lawns at all. The green infrastructure of Tarko-Sale can be defined as incomplete, poorly functioning. For its development, it is necessary to increase the number of trees in urban linear landscaping elements: street plantings and small squares stretched along the streets.