bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linkage Analysis and Association Mapping QTL Detection Models for Hybrids Between Multiparental Populations from Two Heterotic Groups: Application to Biomass Production in Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Giraud Héloïse , Bauland Cyril , Falque Matthieu , Madur Delphine , Combes Valérie , Jamin Philippe , Monteil Cécile , Laborde Jacques , Palaffre Carine , Gaillard Antoine , Blanchard Philippe , Charcosset Alain , Moreau Laurence 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) involved in the variation of hybrid value is of key importance for cross-pollinated species such as maize (Zea mays L.). In a companion paper, we illustrated a new QTL mapping population design involving a factorial mating between two multiparental segregating populations. Six biparental line populations were developed from four founder lines in the Dent and Flint heterotic groups. They were crossed to produce 951 hybrids and evaluated for silage performances. Previously, a linkage analysis (LA) model that assumes each founder line carries a different allele was used to detect QTL involved in General and Specific Combining Abilities (GCA and SCA, respectively) of hybrid value. This previously introduced model requires the estimation of numerous effects per locus, potentially affecting QTL detection power. Using the same design, we compared this “Founder alleles” model to two more parsimonious models, which assume that (i) identity in state at SNP alleles from the same heterotic group implies identity by descent (IBD) at linked QTL (“SNP within-group” model) or (ii) identity in state implies IBD, regardless of population origin of the alleles (“Hybrid genotype” model). This last model assumes biallelic QTL with equal effects in each group. It detected more QTL on average than the two other models but explained lower percentages of variance. The “SNP within-group” model appeared to be a good compromise between the two other models. These results confirm the divergence between the Dent and Flint groups. They also illustrate the need to adapt the QTL detection model to the complexity of the allelic variation, which depends on the trait, the QTL, and the divergence between the heterotic groups.
Biomorphology and rhythm of seasonal development of the relic species Lobelia dortmanna in oligotrophic lakes of Tver region
Authors: Lapirov A. G. , Belyakov E. A. , Lebedeva O. A. 
Published: September 2017

This article covers the morphology of the vegetative and generative sphere of a rare relic species, Lobelia dortmanna L. (Lobelioideae). This is the first time that using the modular approach a study has analysed the shoot system of this species and described the structures of all three categories: elementary (EM), universal (UM) and basic (OM). This paper describes the life form and analyses the rhythm of seasonal development of the species in the lakes of Tver oblast, and provides data on the seed productivity. As a life form, L. dortmanna is a herbaceous polycarpic, un clearly polycentric shallow-rooted plant with a fibrous root system and non-specialized morphological disintegration. The sympodially growing shoot-system of the plant is formed by two types of different-aged anisotropic replacement shoots: dicyclic vegetative-generative semirosette and annual vegetative rosette shoots. The indicator of actual seed productivity equals on average up to 1621 ± 451 seeds per single vegetative-generative shoot. The module structure of L. dortmanna is presented by 10 variants of elementary modules. The main modules are formed on the basis of a monocarpic dicyclic anisotropic monopodial shoot with the following morpho-functional zones distinguished: 1) the lower zone of inhibition; 2) the recovery zone; 3) the upper zone of inhibition 4) the latent generative zone; 5) the main inflorescence. The functional role of the first three morpho-functional zones of a monocarpic shoot is performed by a minimum number of variants of elementary modules. In the rhythm of seasonal development, the authors distinguished 7 consecutive stages: 1) the period of relative rest; 2) vegetative phase; 3) the phase of budding; 4) flowering; 5) frui ting; 6) secondary activities. By the character of rhythm of seasonal development, L. dortmanna belongs to the group of evergreen plants with a long growing season and flowering in middle-late summer.
Bile lipids in rats under chronic social stress
Authors: Liashevych A. M. , Tubaltseva I. I. , Reshetnik Y. M. , Bondarenko O. V. , Veselsky S. P. , Makarchuk M. Y. 
Published: September 2017

Our experiments studied changes in lipid compound of bile of non-purebred male rats under the condition of social stress while the preparation “Korvitin” was used against the stress. Using the method of thin-layer chromatography, we determined the concentrations of phospholipids, cholesterol and its esters, free fatty acids and triglycerides in the animals’ bile, which was obtained through vivesection a day and a month after the rats were first subjected to chronic social stress (model of social defeat), and also in the bile of the animals which were treated intragastrically with “Korvitin” against the stress (1 mg/kg, 7 days). In the bile of the male rats which experienced chronic social stress the concentration of free cholesterol decreased and the content of its esters increased both immediately after the initiation of stress and after a month of exposure to stress. The concentration of free fatty acids in the bile decreased after modeling chronic social stress, but increased in liver secretion, taken a month after the animals first experienced stress. In the bile of male rats immediately after the procedure of exposing the animals to stress, the content of phospholipids decreased. Using “Korvitin” during the modeling of social stress caused decrease in the content of phospholipids in the rats’ bile and caused significant increase in the concentration of free fatty acids, triglycerides and cholesterol esters in the liver secretion. The study found significant changes in the concentration of lipids in the bile and in their distribution in the organism of male rats under the conditions of experimentally induced chronic stress. The effect of stress on the bile of rats requires further study for determining its pathogenic role.
Morphological and biochemical mechanisms of changes in buccal epithelocytes and erythrocytes in children suffering psycho-emotional stress
Authors: Gan R. Z. , Popel’ S. L. 
Published: September 2017

The article provides experimental data on the impact of psychoemotional stress on cytological, morphometric, immunological and biochemical indicators in 7–11 year old children. We examined 100 children of primary school age, who were divided into the main group (50 children who had been resettled from the combat zone) and the control group (50 children, who live in Ivano-Frankivs’k). We used morphological (light-optical and electromicroscopic) and mor phometric analysis of buccal epithelium and peripheral blood erythrocytes, biochemical methods for identifying the products of peroxidation of lipids, ceruloplasmin and ferritin according to widely used methods. Morphological methods revealed that under psychoemotional stress, the size of the nuclei and buccal epithelial cells significantly decreases, and their nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio changes towards increase in the share of cytoplasm, and the indicators of coefficient of buccal epithelial cell shape indicate significant deformation of those cells. Similar changes were observed in the erythrocytes of peripheral blood. In the blood, we observed an increase in the CD95+ concentration of lymphocytes. Clearly manifested changes in morphological and morphometric indicators of buccal epithelium and erythrocytes when there is an increase in the CD95+ level of lymphocytes indicate the development of a systematic apoptosis reaction of the studied cells in the condition of psychoemotional stress. Also we observed clearly manifested changes in the coefficient of erythrocytes’ shape, their size and perimeter, increase in the number of reversibly and irreversibly changed cells, which with increase in free radical oxidation, indicates disorders in the organism’s antioxidant protection system in general and requires a pathogenically grounded programme of treating complications related to psychoemotional stress among 7–11 years old children who were resettled fom the combat zone in Eastern Ukraine.
Dynamics of biochemical and immunological blood markers in patients with pseudoarthrosis of the femoral neck after total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Bondarenko S. E. , Akonjom M. , Filipenko V. A. , Morozenko D. V. , Badnaoui A. , Gliebova K. V. 
Published: September 2017

The importance of biomarkers to predict recovery following total hip arthroplasty (THA) is still unclear to clinicians. To assess the preoperative biomarkers of patients with pseudoarthrosis of the femoral neck and their dynamics in the early postoperative period after THA, 50 patients aged 33 to 82 years old, 18 males and 32 females diagnosed with pseudoarthrosis of the femoral neck after failed internal fixation and failed conservative management were studied. The control group consisted of 30 healthy people aged 27 to 50 years, 13 males, 17 females. Patients’ blood was examined for biochemical markers upon admission, and then on the 7th and 14th days after surgery. Their blood serum content of total protein, albumin, glycoproteins, sialic acids, chondroitin sulfates, haptoglobin, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase, GGT, acid phosphatase, thymol index; interleukins (IL-1, IL-4 and IL-6.) and C-reactive protein was measured. The content of glycoproteins in the blood exceeded normal by 2.3 times, chondroitin sulfate by 4.7 times, sialic acids by 1.5 times, haptoglobin by 55.8%, fibrinogen by 19.1%, globulin by 19,6%, alkaline phosphatase activity by 72.3%, IL-1 by 94.7 and IL-6 by 3 times, C-reactive protein by 2.6 times. After THA there was a gradual decrease in blood biochemical and immunological markers. The most informative laboratory markers were glycoproteins, chondroitin sulfates, sialic acids, haptoglobin, activity of alkaline phosphatase, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-4, and C-reactive protein. Subsequent research is required to validate these dynamics.
THE OCCURRENCE OF THE MARKERS OF HEPATITIS C AMONG PRACTICALLY HEALTHY RESIDENTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF GUINEA: A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Kalinina O. V. , Lichnaia E. V. , Boiro M. Y. , Totolian Areg A. 
Published: September 2017

Phylogeographical and philodinamic studies have shown that the hepatitis C virus began to circulate in the human population about 500–2000 years ago on the A frican continent and only in the 20th century, this virus received the ubiquitary distribution. According to WHO in the world more than 71 million people are chronically infected by the hepatitis C virus, more than half of them live in A frica and South-East Asia. At the same time, the actual prevalence of hepatitis C in most countries of sub-Saharan A frica, including the Republic of Guinea, remains poorly understood.The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of serological and molecular markers of hepatitis C on a random small selection of blood samples obtained from healthy adults of the Republic of Guinea.Materials and methods. Serum and plasma blood samples obtained from thirty one healthy adults of 24–71 years old of the Republic of Guinea were examined. Blood samples were collected in 2015–2016 years. The serum samples were analyzed for the presence of total anti-HCV (IgG+IgM), of specific antibodies to the core, the NS3, the NS4 and the NS5B HCV proteins, of core antigene with “DS-ELISA-ANTI-HCV-GM”, “DS-ELISA-ANTI-HCV-SPEKTRE-GM”, “DS-ELISA-HCV-Ag” detection kits (RPC “Diagnostic Systems”, Russia), respectively. RNA HCV were detected by RT-PCR with detection kit “A mpliSens HCV-FRT” (CRIE, Moscow) and by nested-PCR using the primers from 5’UTR region. HCV genotypes were determined by RT-PCR with detection kit “A mpliSens HCV-genotype FRT” (CRIE, Moscow) and by phylogenetic analysis based on the 5’UTR region.Results and discussion. In this pilot study, the presence of HCV markers was confirmed in 3 (9.68%, 95% CI 3.35–24.90) of 31 examined persons. Two of them had RNA HCV. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of the 5’UTR region of the HCV genome, the isolate obtained from person No. 5 belonged to genotype 1, and the isolate obtained from person No. 6 belonged to genotype 2. The obtained results together with the analyzed literature data indicate a significant burden of hepatitis C in the Republic of Guinea, and also indicate the need to develop both an algorithm of diagnostic criteria and the improvement of diagnostic test systems for mass screening of the A frican population in order to establish the proportion of persons involved in epidemic process.
EPIDEMIC RISE IN THE INCIDENCE OF INFLUENZA IN ST. PETERSBURG IN 2016
Authors: Bashketova N. S. , Chkyhindzheriya I. G. , Bichurina M. A. , Krainova T. I. , Bryanceva E. A. , Lavrentieva I. N. , Suhobaevskaya L. P. , Degtjarev O. V. , Demakova T. E. 
Published: September 2017

Inf luenza and acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) account for up to 90% of the total reported infectious morbidity annually in Russia. The economic damage from these infections reaches 86% of the economic losses associated with infectious diseases. As a result of antigenic drift or a shift, new variants of the inf luenza virus, including pandemic strains, appear. In 2009, an inf luenza pandemic arose due to the shifter version of the inf luenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus. This virus caused epidemic rises of inf luenza in the world in subsequent years. The aim of the study was to describe the epidemic process of inf luenza in January–March 2016 in St. Petersburg. Materials and methods. The incidence of inf luenza and acute respiratory viral infections in St. Petersburg was recorded according to statistical coupons by age groups of the population. Examined nasopharyngeal f lushes received no later than 3–4 days from the onset of the disease, and in case of a lethal outcome — sectional material (bronchi, trachea, lungs, spleen tissues). The detection of RNA of inf luenza viruses was carried out in RT-PCR (Amplicenc Inf luenza virus A/B, Amplicenc Inf luenza virus A/H1-swine-FL, Amplicenc Inf luenza virus A типа-FL, «Interlabservice», Moscow). Isolation of inf luenza viruses from the clinical material was carried out on culture by the MDSC cell. Isolates were typed in RTGA with diagnostic sera to reference and epidemic inf luenza viruses. Isolation of inf luenza viruses from the clinical material was carried out on culture by the MDSC cell. Isolates were typed in RTGA with diagnostic sera to reference and epidemic inf luenza viruses. Results. In 2016, the incidence of inf luenza in St. Petersburg was 81.38 per 100 000 population and was 4.1 times higher than the incidence rate in 2015. The epidemic rise in the incidence of inf luenza and ARVI began with the 3rd calendar week, lasted 6 weeks, with a peak incidence at the 5th calendar week. In total, 398 675 people (7.6% of the population) were ill during this period, including adults — 184 658 (4%), children 0–14 years old — 214 017 or 31.5% of this age group. The greatest number of cases among children was registered in the group of 3–6 years — 87 766 (41.0%). Among the ill children, 86.2% attended pre-school children’s institutions (kindergartens). During the epidemic recovery in 2016, inf luenza viruses were detected in 297 people (46.2%): the inf luenza A (H1N1) virus pdm09 in 97.1% of cases, A (H3N2) — 0.6%, B — 2.3%. There were 102 deaths from complications after the inf luenza, including 101 cases of inf luenza A (H1N1) and A (H3N2) inf luenza A (H1N1) pdm09 confirmed by PCR. Among the dead 101 adults (including 2 pregnant women) and one child. All of them were not vaccinated against the f lu earlier. All deceased adults suffered from chronic physical illnesses.
Esfuerzos colectivos para la conservación de las tortugas marinas en el Golfo de California
Authors: Tiburcio Pintos Graciela , Cariño Olvera Martha Micheline 
Published: September 2017

Este artículo narra la historia de algunos destacados personajes y colectivos dedicados a la conservación de las cinco especies de tortugas marinas reportadas en el Golfo de California, que son actualmente símbolos de la conservación en la región. Estos procesos son compartidos por diversidad de actores, pero generalmente han sido impulsados por estudiantes e investigadores, con apoyo de pescadores ribereños. Posteriormente se han sumado al esfuerzo asociaciones civiles, autoridades ambientales y empresarios. Todos se apoyan en la legislación establecida para evitar la extinción de esos animales a causa de su intensiva explotación comercial entre 1960 y 1970. Esta historia muestra que el éxito en la conservación se debe a la sinergia entre actores y a la confluencia de los procesos impulsados de abajo-arriba y de arriba-abajo.?
Pedagogical Principles of Control in Physical Education of Students of Special Medical Groups
Authors: Koryahin V. M. , Blavt O. Z. 
Published: September 2017

The research objective is to define and ground the parameters of pedagogical principles of control in physical education of students of special medical groups. Materials and methods. To achieve the objectives set, the research relied on the following methods: general scientific methods of theoretical level: analysis and synthesis, conceptualization, systematization and generalization.Results. The results of the scientific research has shown that the control of students’ psychophysical state, as a necessary precondition for organizing physical education in special medical groups, is a factor that specifies the training program. The research has proved that the complex testing integrally evaluates the level of students’ psychophysical state. The latter is a prognostic health indicator and, at the same time, an indicator of the effectiveness of physical education in special medical groups. The research has found that control in this process is considered an organic combination of testing and evaluation, the result of which is a grade. Consequently, control in physical education of students of special medical groups should function as an integrated system aimed at solving the main task of physical education — to ensure the psychophysical preparedness of students with health disabilities for their future professional activities.Conclusions. The research has defined and grounded the parameters of pedagogical principles of control in physical education of students of special medical groups. It has found that the system of controlling students with health disabilities is a testing process presented as a set of standardized measurement methods. The latter is a pedagogical process synthesizing the procedures of testing and evaluation and thus intended to ensure the effectiveness of pedagogical actions in physical education.
Basic Definitions and Concepts of Systems Approach, Mathematical Modeling and Information Technologies in Sports Science
Authors: Lopatiev A. , Pityn M. , Demichkovskyi A. 
Published: September 2017

The objective is to systematize and adapt the basic definitions and concepts of the systems approach, mathematical modeling and information technologies to sports science.Materials and methods. The research has studied the availability of appropriate terms in shooting sports, which would meet the requirements of modern sports science. It has examined the compliance of the shooting sports training program for children and youth sports schools, the Olympic reserve specialized children and youth schools, schools of higher sports skills, and sports educational institutions with the modern requirements and principles.Research results. The paper suggests the basic definitions adapted to the requirements of technical sports and sports science. The research has thoroughly analyzed the shooting sports training program for children and youth sports schools, the Olympic reserve specialized children and youth schools, schools of higher sports skills, and sports educational institutions. The paper offers options to improve the training program in accordance with the modern tendencies of training athletes. Conclusions. The research suggests to systematize and adapt the basic definitions and concepts of the systems approach, mathematical modeling and information technologies using the example of technical sports.
Methodological Approaches to Pedagogical Control of Motor Readiness of Girls Aged 6-10
Authors: Ivashchenko O. 
Published: September 2017

The objective is to determine methodological approaches to pedagogical control of motor readiness of girls aged 6-10. Materials and methods. The participants in the experiment were girls aged 6 (n = 36), aged 7 (n = 48), aged 8 (n = 57), aged 9 (n = 38), aged 10 (n = 46). To achieve the tasks set, the research relied on the following methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing and methods of mathematical statistics. The testing program consisted of well-known tests. As a modeling method, the research used factor and discriminant analyses.Results. The analysis of the factor and discriminant model of motor readiness has provided information necessary for making decisions in physical education management, as well as for developing effective physical training programs for girls aged 6-10.Conclusions. The girls aged 6-10 show a multifactorial structure of motor readiness. By analyzing the common features, the research has defined informative tests of motor readiness control for each age group. During the analysis, the research has calculated the canonical discriminant function coefficients (non-standardized), which act as the factors of specified variable values included in the discriminant functions. On their basis, it is possible to classify the girls by their level of motor readiness according to the age, which is of practical value.