bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of refraction error after toric lens implantation with biometric input data uncertainties and power labelling tolerances
Authors: Langenbucher Achim , Szentmáry Nóra , Cayless Alan , Cooke David , Hoffmann Peter , Wendelstein Jascha 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to simulate the impact of biometric measure uncertainties, lens equivalent and toric power labelling tolerances and axis alignment errors on the refractive outcome after cataract surgery with toric lens implantation.MethodsIn this retrospective non‐randomised cross sectional Monte‐Carlo simulation study we evaluated a dataset containing 7458 LenStar 900 preoperative biometric measurements. The biometric uncertainties from literature, lens power labelling according to ISO 11979, and axis alignment tolerances of a modern toric lens (Hoya Vivinex) were taken to be normally distributed and used in a Monte‐Carlo simulation with 100 000 samples per eye. The target variable was the defocus equivalent (DEQ) derived using the Castrop (DEQC) and the Haigis (DEQH) formulae.ResultsMean/median / 90% quantile DEQC was 0.22/0.21/0.36 D and DEQH was 0.20/0.19/0.32 D. Ignoring the variation in lens power labelling and toric axis alignment the respective DEQC was 0.20/0.19/0.32 D and DEQH was 0.18/0.17/0.29 D. DEQC and DEQH increased with shorter eyes, steeper corneas, equivalent lens power and highly with toric lens power.ConclusionsAccording to our simulation results, uncertainties in biometric measures, lens power labelling tolerances, and axis alignment errors are responsible for a significant part of the refraction prediction error after cataract surgery with toric lens implantation. Additional labelling of the exact equivalent and toric power on the lens package could be a step to improve postoperative results.
Prevention and management of intra‐operative complications in maxillary sinus augmentation: A review
Authors: Valentini Pascal , Stacchi Claudio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMaxillary sinus floor elevation is usually performed in two different ways: the lateral approach involves the creation of a bony window on the maxillary sinus lateral wall, providing direct access to the sinus cavity for membrane elevation and subsequent graft placement, and the transcrestal approach is considered less invasive. The aim of this article is to describe, based on the literature, how to anticipate, avoid, and manage the intraoperative complications that can occur with both approaches. For both approaches, the most common complication is the sinus membrane perforation. For the lateral approach, an average frequency ranging from 15.7% to 23.1% is reported, but because of the better visibility, their management will be easier compared to the transcrestal approach. Mean perforation rate reported for the transcrestal approach is lower (3.1%–6.4%), but it should be noted that a significant number of perforations cannot be detected and managed given the blind nature of this technique. Anatomical parameters such as sinus width and buccal wall thickness may be a risk factor for one approach and not the other. As it is impossible to assess the resistance of the Schneiderian membrane, the transcrestal approach is more likely to lead to infectious complications in the event of perforation. Others, such as the risk of vascular damage, are encountered only with the lateral approach, which can be prevented easily by dissecting the alveolo‐antral artery. For both approaches, prevention is essential and consists in analyzing the anatomy, mastering the surgical technique, and collaborating with the ENT to manage the essentially infectious consequences of intraoperative complications.
Children's Selective Teaching and Informing: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Qiu Fanxiao Wani , Park Joanna , Vite Amanda , Patall Erika , Moll Henrike 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTEmpirical studies on selective teaching and informing indicate that children may vary what they teach depending on whom they are teaching, taking into account how helpful the information is for a given audience. The current meta‐analysis quantifies the effect of selective informing and teaching in 2–7‐year‐olds by examining the relationship between the helpfulness of the information and the frequency of information transmission. Through a systematic search that yielded 1483 results, 28 studies (104 effect sizes, N = 2716) met the inclusion criteria. Using robust variance estimation, we found a medium average effect, Hedges’ g = 0.578, 95% CI (0.331, 0.825), suggesting that children selectively share information based on its perceived helpfulness to the listener. Moderator analyses revealed that age and communicative context were significant factors. Children were more informative in their communication when asked to teach compared to other, nonpedagogical prompts. This finding supports and extends natural pedagogy theory—young children not only interpret pedagogical information differently than information acquired through other means, but they are more selective in their informing when teaching. Additionally, we observed a key developmental progression at age 4. Four‐ to 7‐year‐olds, but not 2–3‐year‐olds, selectively shared information that was most helpful for a given learner. This coincides with the development of false‐belief understanding, which undergoes significant development at around age 4. Taken together, the present synthesis suggests that young children actively engage in selective social learning from both sides, that of beneficiaries and benefactors of valuable information.
Assessment of Left Ventricular Functional Impairment in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Using Three‐Dimensional Speckle Tracking Imaging
Authors: Gao Xue , Xiao Weiwei , Ji Liqin , Li Houyu , Zou Anlingzi , Zhang Xinru , Miao Zhuomeng , Yang Siyuan , Yu Shaomei 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is strongly linked to the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), with left ventricular myocardial damage being the most prevalent. This study aimed to assess left ventricle (LV) dysfunction using three‐dimensional speckle tracking imaging (3D‐STI) in CKD patients.MethodsA total of 110 CKD patients and 55 healthy volunteers underwent echocardiography. CKD patients were divided into CKD1 group and CKD2 group based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Assessing cardiac function via two‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D‐STE) and three‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3D‐STE) parameters, with strain presented in absolute terms. Collecting and comparing clinical and echocardiographic parameters from three groups, assessing 3D‐STI's value in evaluating LV functional impairment in CKD patients via correlation and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses, and identifying risk factors for CKD progression to end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) through univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsIn CKD2 group, 2D‐left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), 3D‐LVEF, 2D left ventricular global longitudinal strain (2D‐LVGLS), 3D‐LVGLS, and 3D‐left ventricular global circumferential peak strain (LVGCS) significantly worsen compared to the control and CKD1 groups, with statistically significant distinctions between the latter two (all p < 0.05). The absolute value of 3D‐LVGLS shows a robust correlation with N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and serum creatinine (Scr) (r = −0.598, −0.649, both p < 0.001). ROC curve analysis indicates higher diagnostic efficacy of 3D‐LVGLS and 3D‐LVGCS for LV systolic function than 2D‐LVGLS. Univariate and multivariate analyses reveal an independent association of 3D‐LVGLS with the progression to ESRD in CKD.Conclusion3D‐LVGLS and 3D‐LVGCS effectively detect LV dysfunction in CKD patients. Specifically, 3D‐LVGLS demonstrates a robust correlation with NT‐proBNP and Scr and is independently linked to CKD progressing to ESRD.
Tetralogy of Fallot With Absent Pulmonary Valve Syndrome: The Experience of a Tertiary Care Center in a Developing Country
Authors: Farhat Aziz , Charanek Sujud , Zareef Rana , El‐Rassi Issam , Bitar Fadi , Arabi Mariam 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTetralogy of Fallot with an absent pulmonary valve is a very rare variant of tetralogy. It is characterized by absent valve tissue, severe pulmonary regurgitation, and secondary aneurysmal dilatation of the pulmonary arteries.AimIn this study, we aim to investigate the clinical presentations, management strategies, and outcomes of patients with tetralogy of Fallot and absent pulmonary valve.MethodologyWe retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients who presented to the American University of Beirut Medical Center between January 2010 and December 2020 and who were diagnosed with this anomaly.ResultsA total of 300 cases of tetralogy of Fallot were identified, of which 18 patients had absent pulmonary valves. They were followed up for an average of 8.2 years. Prenatal diagnoses were made in four patients, while 13 patients were identified in the neonatal period, with an average age of 4.5 days. Genetic testing confirmed DiGeorge syndrome in one patient. Five patients underwent surgical intervention in the neonatal period, while the remaining patients were operated on during their early childhood. While overall there were no surgical mortalities nor any need for reinterventions, a variety of morbidities were encountered.ConclusionThis study provides an overview of this rare anomaly and its management in a developing country.
c‐Met inhibitor upregulates E‐cadherin, which is lost in portal vein tumor thrombus of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Abe Satoru , Inagaki Yoshinori , Kokudo Takashi , Miyata Akinori , Nishioka Yujiro , Ichida Akihiko , Kaneko Junichi , Akamatsu Nobuhisa , Kawaguchi Yoshikuni , Hasegawa Kiyoshi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimPortal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an essential therapeutic and prognostic factor. E‐cadherin plays a crucial role in adhesive properties and intercellular interaction in various cancer tissues, including HCC, but the expression profile and functional contribution of E‐cadherin in PVTT remain unknown. This study aimed to analyze the expression of E‐cadherin in the main tumor tissue and PVTT tissue of HCC, and evaluate the functional roles of E‐cadherin in PVTT formation.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed using the medical records of patients who underwent liver resection for HCC with PVTT, analyzing tissue specimens from 1995 to 2016. E‐cadherin expression is evaluated using immunohistochemistry and western blot. The study also uses a c‐Met inhibitor to explore its impact on E‐cadherin expression in vitro and in vivo using cell lines and a tumor xenograft mouse model.ResultsThe results revealed a reduced E‐cadherin expression in PVTT tissue than in the main tumor tissue. The inhibition of c‐Met activation, frequently detected in HCC, upregulated E‐cadherin expression in HCC cell lines. Furthermore, treatment with c‐Met inhibitors induced changes in epithelial morphology, and inhibited migration and invasion of HCC cell lines.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the downregulation of E‐cadherin in PVTT, and underscores the potential of c‐Met inhibition in upregulating E‐cadherin and inhibiting metastatic behavior. Understanding the significance of E‐cadherin and c‐Met in HCC progression provides a foundation for future clinical investigations into the therapeutic effects of c‐Met inhibitors on PVTT in HCC patients.
Teaching of magnification in the undergraduate curriculum: A position statement from the British Endodontic Society Teachers of Endodontology Group
Authors: McLean W. , Qualtrough A. J. E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis position statement on undergraduate teaching on the use of magnification in endodontics represents the consensus of the British Endodontic Society Teachers of Endodontology Group. Current clinical and scientific evidence, as well as the expertise of the committee, has been used to develop this statement. The contributors to this position statement consider, as a minimum requirement, the use of dental loupes in non‐surgical endodontics at undergraduate level. It is recommended that the use of dental loupes should be integrated into endodontic clinical skills training and the performance of endodontic treatment in the undergraduate curriculum.
Genotypes and phenotypes of capillary malformation–arteriovenous malformation: characterization and correlation analysis
Authors: Chen Yuxi , Liu Hongyuan , Zhou Jingwei , Yang Xi , Jia Hechen , Ma Gang , Sun Bin , Chen Hongrui , Jin Yunbo , Hua Chen , Lin Xiaoxi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundCapillary malformation–arteriovenous malformation (CM‐AVM) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by multiple small capillary malformations (CMs) and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), which has been linked with pathogenic variants in RASA1 and EPHB4. However, more data are needed to explore the phenotypic characteristics and the association between genotypes and clinical phenotypes.ObjectivesOur aim was to investigate the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of CM‐AVM in East Asians, identify potential unique phenotypes, and conduct genotype–phenotype association analyses.MethodsThis is a single‐center study prospectively collecting CM‐AVM patients' clinical data, with genetic data from blood or tissue samples.ResultsA total of 59 patients were enrolled. Thirty‐two individuals had a leading CM greater than Schobinger stage II. The trigeminal nerve branches and greater auricular, transverse cervical, and lesser occipital nerves' somatosensory innervation zones divided head and neck CMs into six zones: V1, V2, V3, GA, TC, and LO zones. GA, TC, and LO zones had a positive correlation with one another but a negative correlation with V2 zone involvement. The RASA1 and EPHB4 pathogenic variants were detected in 41 out of 59, which showed two types of variant allele frequency (VAF) distributions. VAF above 30% made RASA1 pathogenic variants more susceptible to multifocal CMs than those below 30%.ConclusionsLeading CMs in the head and neck exhibit two segmentation patterns, anterior and lateral, which may differ in ear involvement and progression. Germline RASA1 pathogenic variants increased multifocal CM risk more than the somatic variants.
Barriers and Facilitators to Mental Health Service Integration: A Scoping Review
Authors: Searby Adam , Burr Dianna , Carolin Renae , Hutchinson Alison 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMental health service integration currently has no consensus definition and exists in a variety of settings, including primary care, addiction treatment and chronic disease management, and mental health nurses have often experienced efforts at service integration with varying degrees of success. The intent of mental health service integration is to enable collaboration between mental health services and other healthcare providers to improve service access and the care provided to individuals with mental health issues or mental illness. This scoping review aimed to explore service integration between mental health services and with a specific focus on those evaluated in peer‐reviewed, primary literature, to determine facilitators and barriers to service integration. Using the Arksey and O'Malley's framework for scoping reviews, we located 3148 studies, with screening narrowing final papers for inclusion to 18. Facilitators to service integration included clinician education, adequate resourcing and an interdisciplinary approach, while barriers included staff factors such as a reluctance to work with individuals with mental illness, consumer level barriers such as poor mental health literacy, ‘territorialism’ among staff and organisational climate. Research indicates that service integration is an effective means to detect and treat mental health issues in settings that do not traditionally provide mental health care, lowering the costs of providing healthcare and providing improved care for mental health needs; however, there are several barriers to be addressed to achieve full implementation of integration models.
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Sexual Life Quality Evaluation Tool for Patients With Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Zhang Fengpei , Li Yachai , Shi Zhili , Fan Yingying , Wang Aiping 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPurposePatients with coronary heart disease (CHD) will have a series of sexual problems, and their sexual life quality can be affected. However, a standardised evaluation tool for patients with CHD was lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a sexual life quality questionnaire for patients with CHD and to evaluate its psychometric properties.MethodsBased on previous phenomenological studies, literature analysis and group discussion, questionnaire items were formed. After two rounds of expert consultation and pre‐survey, the questionnaire items were modified. Items were screened by item analysis. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to explore and confirm the structure of the questionnaire. Content validity and criterion validity were evaluated using the expert consultation and correlation analysis, respectively. The questionnaire reliability was evaluated using internal consistency, split half reliability, and test‐retest reliability.ResultsThe sexual life quality questionnaire of patients with CHD was developed, which included two versions: male version and female version. The male version of the questionnaire contains 3 dimensions and 20 items, while the female version contains 3 dimensions and 17 items. After reliability and validity test, the two versions of the questionnaire have good reliability and validity.ConclusionsIn this study, the sexual life quality questionnaire of patients with CHD was developed and its psychometric properties were confirmed, which can be used to evaluate the sexual life quality of patients with CHD.Implications for Clinical PracticeThe development of a sexual life quality evaluation tool for patients with coronary heart disease to provide objective and quantitative tools for clinical staff to evaluate patients' sexual life status.Patient ContributionPatients were invited to participate in a questionnaire survey for this study.
The relationships between unmet social needs, oral health measures, and dental service utilization in a pediatric population
Authors: Riley Alison , Dolce Millie , Peng Jin , Casamassimo Paul , Amini Homa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesSocial Determinants of Health (SDoH) have been linked to health, including oral health and oral health behaviors. Objectives of this retrospective records review were to evaluate the relationships between self‐reported unmet social needs and (1) oral health measures and (2) dental service utilization in a pediatric population at a hospital‐based dental clinic.MethodsChildren 2–5 years of age whose families had completed a SDoH survey and who had an encounter with one United States (U.S.) urban children's hospital dental clinic within 6 months (± 3 months) of the survey date were included. A chart review was performed, and information was collected about the child's (1) oral health (e.g., plaque level, presence of caries) and (2) dental service utilization (e.g., no‐show rates, number of dental surgeries). The data of patients with one or more parental/caretaker‐reported unmet social needs were compared with that of patients with no unmet social needs.ResultsInclusion criteria were met by 2646 children. Those with unmet social needs had significantly higher no‐show rates at scheduled appointments than those without unmet social needs (p‐value <0.001). Patients who identified as African/Black were more likely to report unmet social needs. There was no statistically significant difference in oral health measures of patients with or without unmet social needs.ConclusionsChildren in this population demonstrated varying associations between unmet social needs, health measures, and health behaviors, suggesting a likely complicated association between unmet social needs and health.
The Enteric Bacterium Enterococcus faecalis Elongates and Incorporates Exogenous Short and Medium Chain Fatty Acids Into Membrane Lipids
Authors: Zou Qi , Dong Huijuan , Cronan John E. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTEnterococcus faecalis incorporates and elongates exogeneous short‐ and medium‐chain fatty acids to chains sufficiently long to enter membrane phospholipid synthesis. The acids are activated by the E. faecalis fatty acid kinase (FakAB) system and converted to acyl‐ACP species that can enter the fatty acid synthesis cycle to become elongated. Following elongation the acyl chains are incorporated into phospholipid by the PlsY and PlsC acyltranferases. This process has little effect on de novo fatty acid synthesis in the case of short‐chain acids, but a greater effect with medium‐chain acids. Incorporation of exogenous short‐chain fatty acids in E. faecalis was greatly increased by overexpression of either AcpA, the acyl carrier protein of fatty acid synthesis, or the phosphate acyl transferase PlsX. The PlsX of Lactococcus lactis was markedly superior to the E. faecalis PlsX in incorporation of short‐chain but not long‐chain acids. These manipulations also allowed unsaturated fatty acids of lengths too short for direct transfer to the phospholipid synthesis pathway to be elongated and support growth of E. faecalis unsaturated fatty acid auxotrophic strains. Short‐ and medium‐chain fatty acids can be abundant in the human gastrointestinal tract and their elongation by E. faecalis would conserve energy and carbon by relieving the requirement for total de novo synthesis of phospholipid acyl chains.
Changes in choroidal thickness and blood flow in response to form deprivation‐induced myopia and repeated low‐level red‐light therapy in Guinea pigs
Authors: Xiang Aiqun , He Hong , Li Anzhen , Meng Xuyun , Luo Yanting , Luo Yuhan , Wang Xingxing , Yang Junming , Chen Xiaolian , Zhong Xingwu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate ocular refractive development, choroidal thickness (ChT) and changes in choroidal blood flow in form‐deprived myopia (FDM) Guinea pigs treated with repeated low‐level red‐light (RLRL) therapy.MethodsTwenty‐eight 3‐week‐old male tricolour Guinea pigs were randomised into three groups: normal controls (NC, n = 10), form‐deprived (FD, n = 10) and red light treated with form‐deprivation (RLFD, n = 8). Interocular refraction and axial length (AL) changes were monitored. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) measured choroidal thickness, vessel area density, vessel skeleton density and blood flow signal intensity (flux) in the choriocapillaris and medium–large vessel layers. The experimental intervention lasted 3 weeks.ResultsAt week 3, the FD group had higher myopia and longer axial length than the NC group (all p < 0.001). The RLFD group had higher hyperopia and shorter axial length than the FD group (all p < 0.001). At week 1, the NC group had a thicker choroidal thickness than the FD group (p < 0.05). At weeks 2 and 3, the RLFD group had a thicker choroidal thickness than the FD group (p = 0.002, p < 0.001, respectively). Additionally, the NC group had higher vessel area density, vessel skeleton density and flux in the choriocapillaris layer than the FD group at the three follow‐up time points (all p < 0.05). At week 3, the vessel skeleton density and flux were higher in the RLFD group than in the FD group (all p < 0.05). Correlation analysis results showed that weekly changes in refraction and choroidal thickness were negatively correlated with changes in axial length (all p < 0.05). Choroidal thickness changes were positively correlated with alterations in the vessel area density, vessel skeleton density and flux in the choriocapillaris layer, as well as vessel skeleton density and flux changes in the medium–large vessel layers (all p < 0.05).ConclusionsRepeated low‐level red‐light (RLRL) therapy retards FDM progression in Guinea pigs, potentially through increased choroidal blood flow in the choriocapillaris layer.