bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ovarian lesions among pediatric patients
Authors: Alsuhaibani Marya , Harbi Majed Al , Al-lababidi Noor Hussam , Almuzaini Alaa Sunaid , Alsulaiman Abdulrahman , Aljadaan Saud A. 
Published: December 2017

Introduction:
Ovarian lesions are not commonly seen in pediatric females; however, there are some reported cases among different pediatric age groups. Ovarian lesions can show, clinically, in many diverse presentations, and the treatment chosen may be conservative or surgical, accordingly. In this study, we aim to find ovarian lesions commonly operated on and their histopathological and clinical characteristics among pediatric patients at tertiary center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Material and methods:
A retrospective review of medical records of all pediatric patients (aged 14 or younger) who underwent surgical removal of ovarian lesions from January 1997 to August 2016 at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia was conducted.

Results:
Records for a total of 14 girls with a mean age of 5.7 ± 5.1 years were reviewed. The most common clinical presentation was acute abdominal pain (n = 5, 35.7%). There were four patients without any complaints who were diagnosed incidentally (28.6%). More than half of the patients underwent laparoscopy (n = 8, 57.1%) and cystectomy procedures were performed on 50% of the patients (n = 7). Simple ovarian cysts (n = 5) were the most common ovarian lesions followed by mature cystic teratomas (n = 3) with 35.7% and 21.4%, respectively. Furthermore, simple ovarian cysts were more common among infants. There was only one death reported and she had been diagnosed with a mixed germ cell tumor.

Conclusion:
The majority of ovarian lesions in the studied pediatric patients were benign. The most common lesions were simple ovarian cysts. Abdominal pain was the most common presenting symptom.
Reduced Lordosis and Enhanced Aggression in Paced and Non-Paced Mating in Diabetic Female Rats
Authors: Hernández-Munive Abigail K. , Rebolledo-Solleiro Daniela , Ventura-Aquino Elisa , Fernández-Guasti Alonso 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Background
Clinical studies have shown altered sexual function in people with diabetes; basic science studies, using the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced animal model of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1), have consistently reported decreased sexual behavior in hyperglycemic female animals, but features of sexual motivation and aggressive behavior have not been explored in these animals.

Aim
To study several parameters that denote sexual motivation in STZ-treated female rats and to compare behavioral features of sexual behavior and aggression in non-paced mating (NPM) and paced mating (PM) conditions.

Methods
DM1 was induced by injecting STZ (diluted in citrate buffer) at a dose of 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally over 2 consecutive days into ovariectomized Wistar rats. 10 days later, female rats were treated with estradiol benzoate (10 μg, -24 hours) and progesterone (3 mg, -4 hours); their sexual behavior (including lordosis quotient, lordosis intensity, and proceptivity) and aggression were evaluated under NPM and PM conditions. Body weight, blood glucose levels, and spontaneous ambulatory activity also were measured. A group of STZ-treated animals was administered a long-acting insulin analogue (glargine) every 12 hours for 8 days, and their sexual and aggressive behaviors were evaluated in NPM.

Outcomes
We quantified body weight, blood glucose level, spontaneous ambulatory activity, and sexual and aggressive behaviors in NPM and PM; the time the female rats spent interacting with the male rat or in the male rat's chamber also was registered in PM.

Results
Compared with controls, STZ-treated ovariectomized rats lost body weight, had increased blood glucose levels, and had unchanged spontaneous ambulatory activity. In the PM and NPM conditions, animals showed decreased lordosis quotient and lordosis intensity, increased aggression, and unaltered proceptivity, although in NPM the effects of STZ treatment on aggression were more drastic and were completely prevented by insulin. In PM no differences were found between diabetic and control female rats in the time interacting with the male rat or in the male rat's chamber.

Clinical Translation
These findings support the observation of increased prevalence of sexual dysfunctions and aggression in the clinical setting of DM1.

Strengths and Limitations
The main strength of this study is that it analyzed sexual behavior under PM and NPM conditions and aggression in STZ-treated female rats. Its main limitations are that the model of DM1 represents only 10% of the affected population and that no specific treatment is proposed for the sexual dysfunctions.

Conclusion
These results suggest that STZ-treated rats have decreased sexual receptivity in NPM and PM, accompanied by increased aggressiveness in NPM.
Preliminary design for turbine housing and shroud segments
Authors: Savaria C. , Phutthavong P. , Moustapha H. , Garnier F. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTAt the preliminary design phase of a gas turbine, time is crucial in capturing new business opportunities. In order to minimise the design time, the concept of Preliminary Multi-Disciplinary Optimisation (PMDO) was used to create parametric models, geometry and cooling flow correlations towards a new design process for turbine housing and shroud segments. First, dedicated parametric models were created because of their reusability and versatility. Their ease of use compared to non-parameterised models allows more design iterations and reduces set-up and design time. A user interface was developed to interact with the parametric models and improve the design time. Second, geometry correlations were created to minimise the number of parameters used in turbine housing and shroud segment design. Third, a correlation study was conducted to minimise the number of engine parameters required in cooling flow predictions. The parametric models, the geometry correlations, and the user interface resulted in a time saving of 50% and an increase in accuracy of 56% compared to the existing design system. For the cooling flow correlations, the number of engine parameters was reduced by a factor of 6 to create a simplified prediction model and hence a faster shroud segment selection process.
THE IMPORTANCE OF PRIME REPETITION AMONG INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNERS
Authors: Jackson Carrie N. , Ruf Helena T. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis study investigates whether repeating a prime sentence aloud strengthens short-term and longer-term priming of adverb-first word order among adult intermediate L1 English-German L2 learners (N = 30). Compared to an earlier study (Jackson & Ruf, 2017), in which similarly proficient L1 English-German L2 learners heard, but did not repeat, prime sentences, participants in the present study exhibited greater short-term priming for adverb-first word order during the priming phase and significant longer-term priming in a posttest phase immediately following the priming phase. However, additional analyses revealed that only those participants who exhibited stronger short-term priming without lexical overlap during the priming phase continued to produce adverb-first sentences in the posttest phase, highlighting that even prime repetition may not support longer-term priming among intermediate L2 learners more generally.
The Belgian repository of fundamental atomic data and stellar spectra (BRASS)
Authors: Laverick M. , Lobel A. , Merle T. , Royer P. , Martayan C. , David M. , Hensberge H. , Thienpont E. 
Published: December 2017

Context. Fundamental atomic parameters, such as oscillator strengths, play a key role in modelling and understanding the chemical composition of stars in the Universe. Despite the significant work underway to produce these parameters for many astrophysically important ions, uncertainties in these parameters remain large and can propagate throughout the entire field of astronomy.
Aims. The Belgian repository of fundamental atomic data and stellar spectra (BRASS) aims to provide the largest systematic and homogeneous quality assessment of atomic data to date in terms of wavelength, atomic and stellar parameter coverage. To prepare for it, we first compiled multiple literature occurrences of many individual atomic transitions, from several atomic databases of astrophysical interest, and assessed their agreement. In a second step synthetic spectra will be compared against extremely high-quality observed spectra, for a large number of BAFGK spectral type stars, in order to critically evaluate the atomic data of a large number of important stellar lines.
Methods. Several atomic repositories were searched and their data retrieved and formatted in a consistent manner. Data entries from all repositories were cross-matched against our initial BRASS atomic line list to find multiple occurrences of the same transition. Where possible we used a new non-parametric cross-match depending only on electronic configurations and total angular momentum values. We also checked for duplicate entries of the same physical transition, within each retrieved repository, using the non-parametric cross-match.
Results. We report on the number of cross-matched transitions for each repository and compare their fundamental atomic parameters. We find differences in log(gf) values of up to 2 dex or more. We also find and report that ~2% of our line list and Vienna atomic line database retrievals are composed of duplicate transitions. Finally we provide a number of examples of atomic spectral lines with different retrieved literature log(gf) values, and discuss the impact of these uncertain log(gf) values on quantitative spectroscopy.
Comprendre la contribution de la recherche à l'innovation collective par l'exploration de mécanismes de renforcement de capacité
Authors: Toillier Aurélie , Devaux-Spartakis Agathe , Faure Guy , Barret Danielle , Marquié Catherine 
Published: December 2017

Le renforcement des capacités à innover apparaît comme un nouveau moyen pour assurer un développement durable dans les pays du Sud. Dans le secteur de l'agriculture, l'innovation est essentiellement collective, ce qui appelle les chercheurs à sortir de leur rôle de producteurs de connaissances pour s'engager auprès des acteurs en situation d'innovation. Si une diversité de pratiques de recherche engagée sont apparues, il n'existe cependant pas aujourd'hui une vision claire des différentes façons dont les chercheurs contribuent à l'innovation. L'objectif de cet article est d'identifier les différentes modalités de contribution des chercheurs au renforcement des capacités à innover. Pour cela, les auteurs ont développé un cadre d'analyseex postqui met en perspective deux corpus de littérature, sur l'apprentissage et le management de l'innovation. Ce cadre permet de caractériser des séquences de situations d'apprentissage et une diversité de postures des chercheurs aux différentes étapes de l'innovation pour rendre compte de leurs contributions. À partir d'une étude approfondie de treize cas d'innovation dans lesquels le Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD) s'est engagé avec ses partenaires de recherche du Sud, quatre types de contribution des chercheurs au renforcement des capacités à innover ont été identifiés : faciliter des apprentissages de façon non supervisée, planifier et encadrer des apprentissages, créer des besoins d'apprentissage et y répondre pas à pas, se laisser guider par l'exploration et les besoins des utilisateurs. Nos résultats suggèrent qu'une gestion stratégique des processus d'innovation par les organismes de recherche pourrait être rendue possible par le suivi et l'évaluation des situations d'apprentissage, d'une part de façon à renforcer les capacités à innover des chercheurs eux-mêmes et d‘autre part pour agencer au mieux les compétences et ressources disponibles, faire évoluer les mandats des chercheurs et rationaliser leurs investissements.
How can we use the ‘science of stories’ to produce persuasive scientific stories?
Authors: D. Jones Michael , Anderson Crow Deserai 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe core goal of the science communicator is to convey accurate scientific information—to help people update existing understandings of the world and to change those understandings when necessary. However, science communicators, with their often extensive scientific training and educations, are often socialized into educating with information derived from scientific works in a way that mirrors the values of science itself. They do this by primarily relying on an approach termed the Knowledge Deficit Model, a model of communicating that emphasizes the repetition of emotionless objectively sterile information to increase understanding. The problem with this approach is that people do not actually make decisions or process information based on only objective scientific evidence. Their personal beliefs and emotional understandings of the world also play a powerful role. In this article we argue that to better connect with audiences communicators would do well to recognize themselves as storytellers–not to distort the truth, but to help people to connect with problems and issues on a more human level in terms of what matters to them. We reference extant narrative persuasion scholarship in public policy and elsewhere to offer a step-by-step guide to narrating scientific evidence. We argue that through understanding the structure of a narrative, science communicators can engage in the policy process, remaining true to the tenets of science and maintaining the integrity of the evidence, but doing so in a way that is compelling and thus also effective in helping solve problems.
Quantitative historical analysis uncovers a single dimension of complexity that structures global variation in human social organization
Authors: Turchin Peter , Currie Thomas E. , Whitehouse Harvey , François Pieter , Feeney Kevin , Mullins Daniel , Hoyer Daniel , Collins Christina , Grohmann Stephanie , Savage Patrick , Mendel-Gleason Gavin , Turner Edward , Dupeyron Agathe , Cioni Enrico , Reddish Jenny , Levine Jill , Jordan Greine , Brandl Eva , Williams Alice , Cesaretti Rudolf , Krueger Marta , Ceccarelli Alessandro , Figliulo-Rosswurm Joe , Tuan Po-Ju , Peregrine Peter , Marciniak Arkadiusz , Preiser-Kapeller Johannes , Kradin Nikolay , Korotayev Andrey , Palmisano Alessio , Baker David , Bidmead Julye , Bol Peter , Christian David , Cook Connie , Covey Alan , Feinman Gary , Júlíusson Árni Daníel , Kristinsson Axel , Miksic John , Mostern Ruth , Petrie Cameron , Rudiak-Gould Peter , ter Haar Barend , Wallace Vesna , Mair Victor , Xie Liye , Baines John , Bridges Elizabeth , Manning Joseph , Lockhart Bruce , Bogaard Amy , Spencer Charles 
Published: December 2017

Significance
Do human societies from around the world exhibit similarities in the way that they are structured and show commonalities in the ways that they have evolved? To address these long-standing questions, we constructed a database of historical and archaeological information from 30 regions around the world over the last 10,000 years. Our analyses revealed that characteristics, such as social scale, economy, features of governance, and information systems, show strong evolutionary relationships with each other and that complexity of a society across different world regions can be meaningfully measured using a single principal component of variation. Our findings highlight the power of the sciences and humanities working together to rigorously test hypotheses about general rules that may have shaped human history.
FoxP3 scanning mutagenesis reveals functional variegation and mild mutations with atypical autoimmune phenotypes
Authors: Kwon Ho-Keun , Chen Hui-Min , Mathis Diane , Benoist Christophe 
Published: December 2017

Significance
The transcription factor FoxP3 defines and controls regulatory T cells (Tregs), themselves essential components of immunoregulatory pathways. From a highly granular scanning mutagenesis, the results of our study point to very integrated functions of the protein’s domains, quite different from predictions of simple modular models. The phenotype of mutant mice carrying subtle mutations in Foxp3, which deviate from the acute lymphoproliferation and autoimmunity linked to Treg deficiency and become manifest only upon challenge, suggest that rare FOXP3 variants may contribute to a broader range of human diseases than previously recognized.
The global political economy of the addictive industries
Authors: Miller David , Harkins Claire , Schlögl Matthias , Montague Brendan 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The chapter examines the varying ways ‘addiction’ has been conceived and the impact of this on both corporate strategy and government policy. It examines the profit-oriented strategies of addiction related industries, the networks they construct to manage policy questions and the varying levels of governance at which corporations operate in the contemporary world. It is argued that the legal status of a particular addictive substance or behaviour has crucial though sometimes unrecognized effects on the ways in which it is traded and consumed. The chapter then includes case studies of the status of alcohol under prohibition and the Opium Wars before going on to examine the role of the US and UK governments in relation to the opium trade in contemporary Afghanistan. The chapter concludes by pointing to similar issues that are faced in policy terms in relation to both legal and illegal addictive substances and behaviours.
Ocean destratification and fish evacuation caused by a Mid-Atlantic tropical storm
Authors: Secor David H , Zhang Fan , O’Brien Michael H P , Li Ming 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTropical and extratropical storms commonly occur in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, sometimes causing catastrophic losses to coastal fisheries. Still, their influence on fish movements and range shifts is poorly known. We coupled biotelemetry observations of black sea bass in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic Bight with numerical modelling of the coastal ocean to evaluate the influence of Hermine (3–8 September 2016) on cold pool thermal destratification and fish evacuation. Spring through fall, black sea bass is a sedentary species, with movements focused on structure where they support important commercial and recreational fisheries. During summer 2016, we characterized the movements of 45 acoustically tagged black sea bass at three sites deploying acoustic receivers moored in shelf waters 18–31 km east of Ocean City, Maryland, and at depths 20–32 m in the southern Mid-Atlantic Bight. On 3 September 2016, cyclonic winds of Hermine caused rapid destratification of the water column. At experimental sites, bottom temperatures rose from 13 to 23°C in 10 h. An oceanographic model and observing data showed that the effects of this destratification dominated large portions of the Mid-Atlantic Bight and had long term effects on seasonal evolution of the shelf temperature. Nearly half of remaining black sea bass on 3 September (40%) permanently evacuated the experimental sites. Those that remained showed long-term depressed activity levels. Although the cause of this incomplete evacuation is unknown, it exemplifies partial migration, which may buffer black sea bass to regional impacts of changed timing or increased incidence of tropical storms.
Conclusion
Authors: Meretoja Hanna 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDrawing together the main lines of argumentation developed in the book, the concluding chapter synthesizes the hermeneutic ethics of storytelling as a framework that provides analytical resources for studying both oppressive and empowering narrative practices and the (ab)uses of narratives in specific cultural contexts. It summarizes narrative hermeneutics as an approach that is attentive to how practices of storytelling expand and diminish a sense of the possible, and it explores narrative fiction as an inquiry into the ethics of being implicated in histories of violence, silence, and dialogue. The chapter sums up how the narratives examined in the book reveal the limits of storytelling from a range of perspectives and how they attest to the ethical potential of storytelling in the six senses articulated in the book, in ways that nuance the theoretical framework. It articulates a fierce commitment to non-subsumptive narrative practices animated by an ethos of dialogue.
Black Flesh Is White Ash
Authors: Beeston Alix 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis chapter argues that Jean Toomer’s tactics of poetic and narrative visualization of the series of black female bodies in Cane (1923) correspond to the strategic reappropriation of lynching photographs by African American political activists in the early twentieth century. Configured in line with the ontological multivalence of photography and bearing witness to the deep antinomy embedded in the photographic archive of white supremacy, Cane disassembles the ritualized scene of lynching by reframing and restaging it. Through the confluence of its ruptured, gap-ridden female figures and its ruptured, gap-ridden form, it images the contiguity between “black ash” and “white flesh”: black flesh as burned by, and for, white flesh.
Introduction
Authors: Volberda Henk , van den Bosch Frans , Heij Kevin 
Published: December 2017

AbstractChapter 1 starts with the case of Kodak and the development of the electronic still camera to illustrate the pivotal importance of business model innovation. This opening chapter looks at why business model innovation is needed, sets out the research model and key research questions, and outlines the main elements to be discussed in subsequent chapters. These include: the changing competitive environment; business model innovation strategies; levers of business model innovation; catalysts and inhibitors in business model innovation; and competitive advantages of new business models. These elements form the basis of the present research model. Chapter 1 sets out a series of questions that will be addressed in this book.
Leadership, Management and Communication
Authors: Peach Ken 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This chapter discusses the roles of leadership, management and communication in science and how these are related. Becoming a leader requires a curious mixture of innate ability, opportunity, luck and circumstance; some people with excellent leadership potential never have the opportunity to exercise it, while others with more modest talents see an opening, seize the moment and flourish. Management is about problems–anticipating them, avoiding them, abating them and solving them. Communication involves the ability to take complex issues and, without compromising on the complexity, break them down into more simple, straightforward chunks of information. This chapter presents examples of leadership, management and communication style.
Reviewing Research, Making Proposals and Evaluating Science
Authors: Peach Ken 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the review process, the process of writing a proposal and the evaluation of science. The usual way that science is funded these days is through a proposal to a funding agency; if it satisfies peer review and there are sufficient resources available, it is then funded. Peer review is at the heart of academic life, and is used to assess research proposals, progress, publications and institutions. Peer review processes are discussed and, in light of this discussion, the art of proposal writing. The particular features of making fellowship proposals and preparing for an institutional review are described. In addition, several of the methods used for evaluating and ranking research and research institutions are reviewed, including the Research Assessment Exercise and the Research Excellence Framework.