bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lascoux Polynomials and Subdivisions of Gelfand–Zetlin Polytopes
Authors: Presnova Ekaterina , Smirnov Evgeny 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We give a new combinatorial description for Grassmannian Grothendieck polynomials in terms of subdivisions of Gelfand–Zetlin polytopes. Moreover, these subdivisions also provide a description of Lascoux polynomials. This generalizes a similar result on key polynomials by Kiritchenko, Smirnov, and Timorin.
Luminal progenitor and mature cells are more susceptible than basal cells to radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks in rat mammary tissue
Authors: Nagata Kento , Nishimura Mayumi , Daino Kazuhiro , Nishimura Yukiko , Hattori Yuya , Watanabe Ritsuko , Iizuka Daisuke , Yokoya Akinari , Suzuki Keiji , Kakinuma Shizuko , Imaoka Tatsuhiko 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Ionizing radiation promotes mammary carcinogenesis. Induction of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is the initial event after radiation exposure, which can potentially lead to carcinogenesis, but the dynamics of DSB induction and repair are not well understood at the tissue level. In this study, we used female rats, which have been recognized as a useful experimental model for studying radiation effects on the mammary gland. We focused on differences in DSB kinetics among basal cells, luminal progenitor and mature cells in different parts of the mammary duct. 53BP1 foci were used as surrogate markers of DSBs, and 53BP1 foci in each mammary epithelial cell in immunostained tissue sections were counted 1–24 h after irradiation and fitted to an exponential function of time. Basal cells were identified as cytokeratin (CK) 14+ cells, luminal progenitor cells as CK8 + 18low cells and luminal mature cells as CK8 + 18high cells. The number of DSBs per nucleus tended to be higher in luminal cells than basal cells at 1 h post-irradiation. A model analysis indicated that basal cells in terminal end buds (TEBs), which constitute the leading edge of the mammary duct, had significantly fewer initial DSBs than the two types of luminal cells, and there was no significant difference in initial amount among the cell types in the subtending duct. The repair rate did not differ among mammary epithelial cell types or their locations. Thus, luminal progenitor and mature cells are more susceptible to radiation-induced DSBs than are basal cells in TEBs.
Drought-dependent regulation of cell coupling in Arabidopsis leaf epidermis requires plasmodesmal protein NHL12
Authors: Ayyoub Anam , Yu Xiuyuan , Zhang Xingjian , Gao Chen , Li Jiazhou , Yin Shijiao , Chen Shaolin , Liesche Johannes 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The cytoplasm of most plant cells is connected by membrane-lined cell wall channels, the plasmodesmata (PD). Dynamic regulation of sugar, hormone, and protein diffusion through PD is essential for plant development and stress responses. Understanding this regulation requires knowledge of factors and mechanisms that control PD permeability through the modulation of callose levels in the cell wall around PD openings. We investigated PD regulation in leaf epidermal cells in relation to drought stress in Arabidopsis. PD-mediated cell wall permeability was decreased by drought stress and the hormone abscisic acid (ABA), and we tested how this related to several PD-associated genes with drought-responsive expression. Mutants of NON-RACE SPECIFIC DISEASE RESISTANCE/HIN1 HAIRPIN-INDUCED-LIKE 12 (NHL12) showed relatively low PD permeability that was unaffected by drought or ABA treatment. Overexpression of NHL12 in Nicotiana benthamiana epidermal cells increased PD permeability. Moreover, we showed that NHL12 can potentially interact with the callose synthase regulator NHL3 and we explored the effect of NHL12 abundance and/or lower interface permeability on ABA signaling genes. Our results indicate that NHL12 is a drought-responsive negative regulator of PD callose levels and, thereby, interface permeability. Results are discussed in relation to PD function during drought stress and the regulation of intercellular transport.
Logics for contact and measure
Authors: Balbiani Philippe , Gougeon Quentin , Tinchev Tinko 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We enrich contact algebras with a new binary relation that compares the size of regions, and provide axiom systems for various logics of contact and measure. Our contribution is three-fold: (1) we characterize the relations on a Boolean algebra that derive from a measure, thereby improving an old result of Kraft, Pratt and Seidenberg; (2) for all $n \geq 1$, we axiomatize the logic of regular closed sets of ${\mathbb{R}}^{n}$ with null boundary; (3) considering a broad class of equational theories that contains all logics of contact, we prove that they all have unitary or finitary unification, and that unification and admissibility are decidable.
Baryon acoustic oscillation theory and modelling systematics for the DESI 2024 results
Authors: Chen S -F , Howlett C , White M , McDonald P , Ross A J , Seo H -J , Padmanabhan N , Aguilar J , Ahlen S , Alam S , Alves O , Andrade U , Blum R , Brooks D , Chen X , Cole S , Dawson K , de la Macorra A , Dey A , Ding Z , Doel P , Ferraro S , Font-Ribera A , Forero-Sánchez D , Forero-Romero J E , Garcia-Quintero C , Gaztañaga E , Gontcho S G A , Hanif M M S , Honscheid K , Kisner T , Kremin A , Lambert A , Landriau M , Levi M E , Manera M , Meisner A , Mena-Fernández J , Miquel R , Munoz-Gutierrez A , Paillas E , Palanque-Delabrouille N , Percival W J , Pérez-Fernández A , Prada F , Rashkovetskyi M , Rezaie M , Rosado-Marin A , Rossi G , Ruggeri R , Sanchez E , Schlegel D , Silber J , Tarlé G , Vargas-Magaña M , Weaver B A , Yu J , Yuan S , Zhou R , Zhou Z 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
This paper provides a comprehensive overview of how fitting of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) is carried out within the upcoming Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument’s (DESI) 2024 results using its DR1 data set, and the associated systematic error budget from theory and modelling of the BAO. We derive new results showing how non-linearities in the clustering of galaxies can cause potential biases in measurements of the isotropic ($\alpha _{\mathrm{iso}}$) and anisotropic ($\alpha _{\mathrm{ap}}$) BAO distance scales, and how these can be effectively removed with an appropriate choice of reconstruction algorithm. We then demonstrate how theory leads to a clear choice for how to model the BAO and develop, implement, and validate a new model for the remaining smooth-broad-band (i.e. without BAO) component of the galaxy clustering. Finally, we explore the impact of all remaining modelling choices on the BAO constraints from DESI using a suite of high-precision simulations, arriving at a set of best practices for DESI BAO fits, and an associated theory and modelling systematic error. Overall, our results demonstrate the remarkable robustness of the BAO to all our modelling choices and motivate a combined theory and modelling systematic error contribution to the post-reconstruction DESI BAO measurements of no more than 0.1 per cent (0.2 per cent) for its isotropic (anisotropic) distance measurements. We expect the theory and best practices laid out to here to be applicable to other BAO experiments in the era of DESI and beyond.
Class origin, intergenerational transfers, and the gender wealth gap
Authors: Trinh Nhat An 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study pursues two objectives: First, to describe how gender disparities in wealth levels vary by parental class and second, to examine the contribution of the gendered allocation of parental wealth to these differences. It thereby sheds light on the interplay between family background and gender in shaping wealth inequality. Using representative survey data from Germany, I find pronounced absolute and relative gaps in personal net wealth to the disadvantage of women. The largest wealth gaps are observed between men and women from the most advantaged backgrounds, for whom parental transfers of business and financial assets are strongly gendered. For these individuals, gender gaps would be reduced by around 40% if transfers were allocated equally. For those from lower class origins, equalizing transfers would not reduce gender gaps despite observed differences in the allocation of real estate and cash. Intergenerational transfers thus emerge as driver of gender wealth inequality at the very top of the class origin hierarchy.
A Critical Look at Racism in the Clinical Learning Environment
Authors: Poitevien Patricia , Sotto-Santiago Sylk 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Academic medicine has long acknowledged the importance of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in the pursuit of health equity. Despite this recognition, the clinical learning environment (CLE) has struggled to foster an equitable and inclusive ecosystem that supports diverse learners and faculty.
Efforts to dismantle racism in medicine represent an important approach to supporting diverse learners and faculty in the CLE, but they have fallen short of their intended impact. The reasons for this failure are complex and may include a limited understanding of the impact of racism and a misguided conviction that knowledge of harm suffered by minoritized groups is a sufficient driver of change.
To advance understanding and increase motivation to dismantle racist systems within academic medicine, this paper posits 2 frameworks, Interest Convergence (IC) and Critical Whiteness Study (CWS). IC asserts that racial equity progresses only when it aligns with the interests of the majority, while CWS examines how Whiteness as a social construct upholds power and privilege, often to the detriment of White individuals themselves.
Utilizing these frameworks, the authors detail how Whiteness negatively impacts the health of White people and impedes entry to medical school for low- and middle-income, first-generation White students. The authors illustrate how practices—such as patient- and family-centered care and competency-based medical education—which are intended to improve care and medical education for all, are fully aligned with and integral to DEI principles. The authors conclude that racism and upholding Whiteness cause harm to majority as well as minoritized peoples, while DEI principles provide the foundation for best practices in the CLE and improve outcomes for all.
Chinese national clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of biliary tract cancers
Authors: Wang Xu’an , Bai Yongrui , Chai Ningli , Li Yexiong , Linghu Enqiang , Wang Liwei , Liu Yingbin ,   Society of Hepato-pancreato-biliary Surgery of Chinese Research Hospital Association, Society of Digestive Endoscopy of the Chinese Medical Association, Chinese Medical Journal Clinical Practice Guideline Collaborative
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Biliary tract carcinoma (BTC) is relatively rare and comprises a spectrum of invasive tumors arising from the biliary tree. The prognosis is extremely poor. The incidence of BTC is relatively high in Asian countries, and a high number of cases are diagnosed annually in China owing to the large population. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the epidemiology and high-risk factors for BTC in China. The signs associated with BTC are complex, often require collaborative treatment from surgeons, endoscopists, oncologists, and radiation therapists. Thus, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive Chinese guideline for BTC.

Methods:
This clinical practice guideline (CPG) was developed following the process recommended by the World Health Organization. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach was used to assess the certainty of evidence and make recommendations. The full CPG report was reviewed by external guideline methodologists and clinicians with no direct involvement in the development of this CPG. Two guideline reporting checklists have been adhered to: Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) and Reporting Items for practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT).

Results:
The guideline development group, which comprised 85 multidisciplinary clinical experts across China. After a controversies conference, 17 clinical questions concerning the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of BTC were proposed. Additionally, detailed descriptions of the surgical principles, perioperative management, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy, and endoscopic management were proposed.

Conclusions:
The guideline development group created a comprehensive Chinese guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of BTC, covering various aspects of epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment. The 17 clinical questions have important reference value for the management of BTC.
Treatment of Refractory Ascites with Lymphaticovenous Anastomosis Considering Lymphatic Territories
Authors: Nuri Takashi , Asaka Akinori , Ota Mariko , Yae Yuri , Tanaka Yoshimichi , Osuga Keigo , Takashima Shogo , Ohmichi Masahide , Otsuki Yuki , Ueda Koichi 
Published: September 2024

Summary:
Lymphatic ascites is an infrequent complication observed in patients who have undergone lymphadenectomy as part of their surgical treatment for gynecological cancer. Previous research has suggested that intranodal lymphangiography can effectively manage lymphatic leakage. However, its efficacy diminishes for ascites with substantial fluid accumulation. This case report presents a patient who underwent lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) for ascites that was unresponsive to lymphangiography and sclerotherapy. A 70-year-old woman required weekly ascites punctures after surgical treatment of ovarian cancer. Lymphoscintigraphy revealed lymphatic leakage originating from the right pelvic lymphatic vessel. Intranodal lymphangiography was performed from the inferior lateral inguinal region, followed by embolization with 33% NBCA. Despite these measures, recurrence of ascites and lower limb lymphedema were observed. LVA was conducted at 149 days after the primary operation. Before the LVA, indocyanine green was injected into the lateral and medial ankles, first and fourth toe web spaces, and lower abdomen. The indocyanine green lymphography revealed several linear patterns extending from the dorsum of the foot and the lower abdomen to the inguinal lymph node. Among these, the lymphatic vessels leading to the inferior lateral inguinal lymph node were chosen for the LVA. Eight anastomoses were executed at the right thigh, right lower leg, and right lower abdomen. The patient was discharged at 1 day postoperatively. A computed tomography examination conducted at 20 days post-LVA revealed no accumulation of ascites. To improve the success rate of LVA for ascites, a treatment strategy based on lymphatic territories is required.
An Exploratory Study of Dynamic Capabilities and Performance Improvement in Hospitals
Authors: Al-Amin Mona , Sullivan Erin , Szalay Nicole E. 
Published: September 2024

Goal:
Recent efforts to push hospitals to provide high-value care have relied on payment incentives. However, evidence indicates that 70% to 90% of performance improvement projects do not achieve their desired goals. Therefore, in addition to managing external industry pressures, hospitals need to develop performance improvement (PI) capabilities that enable them to capitalize on improvement opportunities, effectively develop and adopt solutions, and ensure the sustainability of improvements over time. While operational capabilities enable hospitals to produce and deliver services, more is needed to attain and sustain superior performance. Dynamic capabilities drive changes in operational capabilities to meet environmental demands. Dynamic capabilities also enable hospitals to renew and reconfigure their resources to optimize performance. This paper proposes the dynamic-capabilities framework as an appropriate way to develop and manage PI capabilities in hospitals, and it discusses the implications of shifting to a strategy that is driven by dynamic-capabilities PI.

Methods:
The research team designed a semi-structured interview based on a review of the literature to understand whether hospitals were engaging in the activities outlined in the dynamic-capabilities framework. Nine study participants were recruited from a convenience sample of hospital PI staff at hospitals in Massachusetts and New Hampshire. De-identified transcripts were entered into NVivo12 qualitative data analysis software, and data were thematically indexed and coded following the principles of content analysis.

Principal Findings:
PI structures, improvement methodologies, and weaknesses did not vary significantly among hospitals. Most hospitals had a PI department and were more likely to adopt PI projects initiated by top management. While PI staff were trained in improvement methodologies, no programs were in place that required the rest of the hospital staff to become familiar with PI methods. Common areas of weakness were PI project selection, communication, coordination, learning from current and former PI projects, and systematic approaches to sustain improvements.

Practical Applications:
Dynamic PI capabilities provide an opportunity to systematically identify improvement opportunities, seize on and learn from those opportunities, and renew and reconfigure resources to optimize performance. Ad hoc PI projects are insufficient to enable a hospital to sustain superior performance. Internal and external pressures to deliver high-value patient care and services require hospitals to exceed their current PI efforts. By developing dynamic PI capabilities, hospitals will adopt a more systematic and effective approach to PI, which will likely result in superior performance.
Long-Term Oncologic Outcomes in Patients With Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Misclassified as Achieving a Complete Clinical Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Chung Rainjade , Kurtzman Jane T. , Joffe Benjamin I. , Vila-Reyes Helena , Miles Caleb H. , DeCastro Guarionex J. , Anderson Christopher B. , Wei Alexander Z. , Drake Charles G. , McKiernan James M. , Lenis Andrew T. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Correctly classifying patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) as achieving a complete clinical response (CCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is challenging without radical cystectomy (RC) pathology. The accuracy of clinical staging following NAC is debated, and the risk of occult residual MIBC is real. We present the rate and oncologic outcomes of patients who were misclassified as achieving a CCR to NAC.

Materials and Methods:
We utilized our prospective database of patients who achieved a CCR to NAC and elected active surveillance (AS). Patients with intravesical MIBC within 6 months of CCR classification were defined as potentially misclassified (mCCR). We used Kaplan-Meier curves to assess overall (OS), cancer-specific (CSS), and metastasis-free (MFS) survival and log-rank tests to evaluate differences between cohorts.

Results:
Fifty-four patients, median age of 70 years and follow-up of 49 months, were included. Six patients (11%) were mCCR, and all underwent delayed RC at a mean of 4.3 months after CCR classification. Pre-NAC hydronephrosis was more common in mCCR patients (67% vs 8%, P < .01). Five-year OS, CSS, and MFS for mCCR patients were 63% each, compared with 80%, 89%, and 93%, for the remaining patients. Log-rank tests demonstrated significantly lower OS (P = .03) and MFS (P = .05) in mCCR patients.

Conclusions:
We observed an 11% CCR misclassification rate. While mCCR patients had significantly worse OS and MFS compared with correctly classified CCR patients, we cannot know for certain how survival outcomes would have changed with immediate RC. Our findings are useful when describing the risks of misclassification to CCR patients contemplating AS.
Limited Utility of Quantitative Thresholds on 99mTc-Sestamibi Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography for Distinguishing Renal Cell Carcinoma From Oncocytic Renal Masses
Authors: Wang Robert S. , Yu Jian Q. , Schober Jared , Standiford Taylor , Bell Spencer H. , Doss Mohan , Li Yi , Kutikov Alexander 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:

99mTc-sestamibi single-photon emission CT/x-ray CT (SPECT/CT) uses a mitochondria-targeting tracer to differentiate renal cell carcinoma from oncocytomas and hybrid oncocytoma/chromophobe tumors. Initial studies support 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT’s accuracy, but we previously found that oncocytomas still account for 20% of lesions with low tracer uptake in qualitatively interpreted scans. Here, we assess performance of 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT utilizing quantitative assessment thresholds, hypothesizing that this may improve test performance.

Materials and Methods:
All 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT performed for renal mass evaluation between February 2020 and December 2021 was analyzed. A “hot” mass had qualitatively equivalent or higher 99mTc-sestamibi uptake than normal renal parenchyma; a “cold” mass did not. Target-to-background ratios (TBRs) were calculated using tracer counts in the masses vs nearby normal parenchyma. Quantitative “hot”/“cold” determinations were made using published TBR cutoffs. Findings were correlated with histology.

Results:
Seventy-eight patients underwent 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT for 98 renal masses. For the 52 masses with diagnostic pathology, the negative predictive value (NPV) of qualitatively interpreted 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT for ruling out oncocytoma was 80%, with a 1.9% false-positive rate. A TBR cutoff of 0.46 achieved the highest NPV of 89.3%, with a 23.1% false-positive rate. A TBR cutoff of 0.74 achieved the lowest false-positive rate of 1.9%, with a 78.3% NPV. No TBR cutoff achieved both higher NPV and lower false positives than the qualitatively interpreted scans.

Conclusions:
Quantitative TBR cutoffs for interpretation of 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT scans for renal masses do not offer meaningful improvements in accuracy over qualitative reads. Additional studies are required to better characterize the utility of 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT/CT in the real-world setting.
Evaluating Physiological Indicators in Detecting Deception and Truthfulness using the Comparison Question Test
Authors: Rashid A M Shahruj , Carmichael Bryan , Su Charlize , Shi Keming , Lim Keefe , Poorvika Senthil Kumar , Wan Ngok Jeun , Govil Eshaan , Yap Dennis 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDespite significant advancements in deception detection, traditional methods often fall short in real-world applications. This study addresses these limitations by evaluating the effectiveness of various physiological measures — Pupil Response, Electrodermal Activity (EDA), Heart Rate (HR), and facial temperature changes — in predicting deception using the Comparison Question Test (CQT). It also fills a critical research gap by validating these methods within an Asian context. Employing a between-subjects design, data was collected from a diverse sample of 118 participants from Singapore, including Chinese, Indian, and Malay individuals. The research aims to identify which physiological indicators, in combination, offer the most robust predictions of deceptive behavior. Key innovations include the adaptation of the CQT with a modified directed lie paradigm and an expanded sample size to assess the relative importance of each physiological measure. The study’s findings reveal that Pupil Response is the most significant predictor of deception, with EDA enhancing the model’s explanatory power. HR, while relevant, adds limited value when combined with Pupil Response and EDA, and facial temperature changes were statistically non-significant. The study highlights the need for further research into the interactions among physiological measures and their application in varied contexts. This research contributes valuable insights into improving deception detection methodologies and sets the stage for future investigations that could incorporate additional physiological indicators and explore real-world applications.