bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of long-term application of pig slurry and NPK fertilizers on trace metal content in the soil
Authors: Barłóg Przemysław , Hlisnikovský Lukáš , Łukowiak Remigiusz , Kunzová Eva 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOne of the goals of sustainable agricultural production is to avoid soil contamination by elements defined as trace metals (TMs). The aim of this study was to assess the long-term impact of the use of pig slurry (PS) and NPK mineral fertilizers on the soil content of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn). In a 9-year crop rotation, PS was used three times only before root crops. The same four levels of NPK doses (N0P0K0, N1P1K1, N3P2K2, N4P2K2) were applied to both plots with and without PS. Soil samples were collected in early spring from topsoil (0–0.3 m) and subsoil (0.3–0.6 m). Three forms of TMs were determined in the soil: pseudo-total (Aqua regia); bioavailable (Mehlich 3 method) and readily bioavailable (mobile) forms (1 M NH4NO3). The tested factors did not have a significant impact on the Cd, Cu and Pb content, regardless of the form analyzed and the soil depth. PS application significantly increased the content of bioavailable forms of Zn regardless of the year, and the content of pseudo-total Zn only in the sugar beet year, i.e. after manure application. Increasing NPK doses increased the content of mobile Zn in the topsoil, especially in PS plots. A tendency to accumulate mobile forms of Cd and Pb was also observed on NPK-fertilized plots. Thus, long-term application of high NPK doses may increase the risk of contamination of the food chain with these metals. The content of mobile Cd and Zn was positively related to the content of total nitrogen in the soil and negatively related to pH.
Analysis of thixotropy of cement grout based on a virtual bond model
Authors: Zang Haizhi , Wang Shanyong , Carter John P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThixotropy of cementitious materials is a crucial intrinsic property that determines the flowability and workability of cement-based grout. A novel virtual bond model of cement particles is developed in this paper to depict the thixotropy of cement grout. A particulate description of the reversible and erasable interparticle bonds is established based on experimental observations with a focus on the non-contact interactions mainly contributed in practice by calcium silicate hydrates (C–S–H). The structural breakdown of the cement network is realized through bonds breakage under applied motion, and the bonding network recovers with regeneration of interparticle connections that involve reversible hydrate reactions in the mixture. The balance between bond rupture and rebuilding can be tuned by assigning different strength limits for bond breakage. We have implemented this model in the open-source code Yade to carry out 3D discrete element method simulations of a rotational vane system filled with spherical particles, and the results show good agreement with experimental data. The modelling results reveal the transition from a solid-like structure to a fluid-like medium within cement suspensions caused by the evolution of broken interparticle bonds. The results also provide a distinct view of thixotropic variation upon disturbance. This model is extendable to other cohesive materials providing an explicit physical definition of the interparticle interactions. It also provides a theoretical explanation for the empirical estimations of thixotropy common in engineering industries and a potential means of measuring cementitious granular flow that may be useful in future studies.
The Ship is Laden with Rice and Salt: A Comparison of Two Sailing Models on an Early 17th Century Trade Route Between Java and Sumatra
Authors: Perttola Wesa , Slayton Emma , Walker Vadillo Veronica 
Published: October 2024

AbstractArchaeological and historical sailing modeling has become an increasingly productive field of study in the twenty-first century. The research has largely concentrated on methodological development, yet comparisons between models have so far been lacking. In this paper we juxtapose two directed sailing models, Digital Navigator and qtVlm, on a route from East Java to South Sumatra. In the early seventeenth century, the former was a major producer and exporter of rice and salt, while especially Jambi, Indonesia, on the island of Sumatra, had become dependent on imports due to cash-cropping of black pepper. Our simulation results show the optimal sailing season on this route falls between May and September, and that La Niña events somewhat affect the length of this time window. During favorable winds both models produce quite similar routes. In adverse winds there is more variation between the models and the temporal frequency of wind data has more marked effects on routing. The models’ sailing durations match fairly well to the one measured from the Selden Map of China, but the simulated optimized routes tend to take more direct open sea routes than the coast-hugging route on the map. This implies that other factors such as ease of navigation played a more significant role in route selection than mere efficiency. Furthermore, a comparison to the production schedules of rice and salt in the Gresik region shows that products from the same summer’s harvests would have been available for export to Sumatra.
Knowledge co-production for identifying indicators and prioritising solutions for food and land system sustainability in Australia
Authors: Zyngier Romy L. , Archibald Carla L. , Bryan Brett A. , Lambert Haley , Moallemi Enayat A. , Elliott Mark , Lawrence Mark , Hutchinson Jane , Bennett Lauren T. , Reeves Timothy , Pryor Matthew , Lindholm Ulrika , Oakden Sam , Watts-Williams Stephanie J. , Gale Gary , Gao Lei , Hadjikakou Michalis 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAchieving sustainable Australian food and land systems requires the rapid implementation and scaling up of a broad suite of solutions to meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Decision-making frameworks are needed to identify suitable indicators and prioritise solutions at national scales to inform sustainability transitions. Using a knowledge co-production framework, we convened 150 stakeholders from 100 + organisations to identify 18 nationally relevant indicators that aligned with critical SDGs describing a sustainable food and land system for Australia, in addition to 78 key solutions (supply- and demand-side) to enable progress against these indicators. We then asked subject matter experts to code the impact of each solution on each indicator using an adapted interaction mapping method accounting for uncertainty. The solution category ‘Protecting and restoring nature’, which included solutions targeting conservation and restoration, showed the highest potential for capturing synergies and avoiding trade-offs across multiple indicators. This category exhibited 34.6% of total major synergies, supporting the achievement of clean water and sanitation (SDG6), economic growth (SDG12), life under water (SDG14), and life on land (SDG15). The solution category ‘Carbon sequestration’, which included technological and biological carbon dioxide removal solutions, had the highest number of trade-offs with individual sustainability indicators (42.3%), particularly those relating to zero hunger (SDG2), wellbeing (SDG3), SDG6, SDG14, and SDG15. Our framework can be used to inform future research investment, support the prioritisation of solutions for quantitative modelling, and inform discussions with stakeholders and policymakers for transforming national-scale food and land systems in alignment with the SDGs.
10-[(4-Cyanobenzylidene)]-Anthracen-9(10H)-One: syntheses, characterization and application in UV light detection
Authors: Valdivieso Gonzalo , Urdaneta Neudo , Pribanic Bruno , Vargas Ronald , Rodríguez-Lugo Rafael E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this work, the compound 10-[(4-cyanobenzylidene)]-anthracen-9(10H)-one (1) has been synthesized from the corresponding anthrone and 4-cyanobenzaldehyde. It has been characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared spectroscopy (IR), high-resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Moreover, square wave voltammetry (SWV) was performed to determine the HOMO and LUMO potential levels of the anthrone derivative 1, which indicates that sensitization of TiO2-based electrodes is thermodynamically feasible. Therefore, this characteristic of compound 1 allowed its incorporation in a Grätzel-type solar cell. Photocurrent density measurements under UV irradiation are proportional to the light source intensity, and the operational parameters of the photoelectrochemical cell are relatively stable over time. In fact, the sensitivity of the generated photocurrent normalized by the supplied irradiance for TiO2-1 (7.73 µA/mW) as a photoanode is higher than that of TiO2 alone (5.14 µA/mW), indicating the improvement that 1 provides to TiO2 with respect to UV light detection. The higher photocurrent and the improved stability due to the implementation of 1 are very promising for possible applications as a sensitizer for UV light intensity sensors in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC).
Emerging Biomarkers in Cardiac Sarcoidosis and Other Inflammatory Cardiomyopathies
Authors: Roumi Joseph El , Taimeh Ziad 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Cardiac sarcoidosis and other inflammatory cardiomyopathies are disorders causing cardiac inflammation and leading to heart failure, arrythmias and cardiac arrest. Diagnosis of these entities remains challenging and multimodal. Thus, there is a growing need to develop reliable biomarkers that can aid in the diagnosis. This review aims to summarize and highlight recent findings in the field of biomarkers for cardiac sarcoidosis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy.

Recent Findings
Multiple categories of biomarkers including novel molecules are being investigated with the latest evidence showing promising results. Some of these biomarkers are proven to be useful as diagnostic and prognostic aids in cardiac sarcoid and inflammatory cardiomyopathy.

Summary
The identification of cost-effective and accurate biomarkers is useful not only for enhancing diagnostic accuracy but also for informing therapeutic decision-making processes. This advancement would facilitate the timely institution of immunosuppressive therapies, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes.
Catching the Silent Culprits: TERT Promoter Mutation Screening of Minimally Invasive Follicular and Oncocytic Thyroid Carcinoma in Clinical Practice
Authors: Hellgren L. Samuel , Stenman Adam , Jatta Kenbugul , Condello Vincenzo , Larsson Catharina , Zedenius Jan , Juhlin C. Christofer 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDe-escalation of thyroid cancer treatment is crucial to prevent overtreatment of indolent disease, but it remains important to identify clinically aggressive cases. TERT promoter mutations are molecular events frequently associated with high-risk thyroid tumors with poor outcomes and may identify cases at risk of dissemination. In various international guidelines, small minimally invasive follicular thyroid carcinoma and oncocytic thyroid carcinoma (miFTC/miOTC) are classified as low-risk lesions and are not recommended adjuvant treatment. Our study aimed to explore the association between size-based risk assessment and TERT promoter mutations. Between 2019 and May 2024, 84 miFTCs/miOTCs diagnosed at our department underwent digital droplet PCR analysis targeting TERT promoter mutational hotspots C228T and C250T in clinical routine. TERT promoter mutations were found in 10 out of 84 cases (11.9%). Mutated cases were pT1 (n = 1), pT2 (n = 3), or pT3 (n = 6). Patients with mutated tumors were older compared to patients with wild-type tumors (median age of 71 years vs. 57 years, p = 0.041). There were no significant differences regarding patient sex, tumor size, Ki-67 labeling index, or the presence of distant metastases. Notably, 30% of mutations displayed variant allele frequencies < 10%, possibly suggesting subclonal events. To conclude, TERT promoter mutations in miFTCs and miOTCs were associated with higher patient age and were often suspected to be subclonal. However, they did not affect clinical outcomes, possibly due to short follow-up. Reflex testing for this genetic alteration in miFTCs and miOTCs could be justified regardless of tumor size, though the clinical benefit remains uncertain.
Imino chemical shift assignments of tRNAAsp, tRNAVal and tRNAPhe from Escherichia coli
Authors: Yared Marcel-Joseph , Chagneau Carine , Barraud Pierre 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTransfer RNAs (tRNAs) are an essential component of the protein synthesis machinery. In order to accomplish their cellular functions, tRNAs go through a highly controlled biogenesis process leading to the production of correctly folded tRNAs. tRNAs in solution adopt the characteristic L-shape form, a stable tertiary conformation imperative for the cellular stability of tRNAs, their thermotolerance, their interaction with protein and RNA complexes and their activity in the translation process. The introduction of post-transcriptional modifications by modification enzymes, the global conformation of tRNAs, and their cellular stability are highly interconnected. We aim to further investigate this existing link by monitoring the maturation of bacterial tRNAs in E. coli extracts using NMR. Here, we report on the 1H, 15N chemical shift assignment of the imino groups and some amino groups of unmodified and modified E. coli tRNAAsp, tRNAVal and tRNAPhe, which are essential for characterizing their maturation process using NMR spectroscopy.
Intimate partner violence and domestic violence linked to animal abuse: a review of the literature
Authors: Barbosa-Torres Carlos , Bueno-Galán M.ª Mar , Bueso-Izquierdo Natalia , Cantillo-Cordero Pilar , Moreno-Manso Juan Manuel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAnimal abuse is an instrumental form of violence used in intimate partner violence and domestic violence. These two realities coexist in today’s society, leaving the victims with psychological scars. The main objective was to analyse the presence of animal abuse in cases of intimate partner and domestic violence, and to analyse the extent to which the affective relationship the victims have with their pets can influence the decision to leave their homes, fleeing from the aggressor. The work carried out using the Prisma Methodology consisted of a systematic review of scientific articles extracted from the Web Of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, Pubmed and Google Scholar databases from the last ten years, measuring their quality with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The results obtained were grouped into two tables with references, on the one hand, to the principal data concerning the reviewed articles and, on the other, to the characteristics and consequences of the abuse. These results provide relevant information concerning the presence of animal abuse in situations of violence, as a strategy of indirect harm towards the victim.
Trace Elements and Cognitive Function in Adults and Older Adults: A Comprehensive Systematic Review
Authors: Gerardo Bianca , Nogueira Joana , Pinto Marina Cabral , Almeida Agostinho , Simões Mário R. , Freitas Sandra 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDysregulation of trace elements (TE) homeostasis can affect normal neurotransmission and lead to neurodegeneration, which frequently manifests as cognitive deterioration. Susceptibility to cognitive decline and brain diseases also increases with age, so understanding how adults and older adults can benefit or be compromised by different TE is vital. This review aims to gather, summarize, and present existing findings on the relationship and potential impact of several TE on the cognitive performance of adults and older adults. Sixty studies measured TE levels in biological samples from adults and older adults using quantitative analytical techniques, assessed cognitive performances through standardized neuropsychological tools and related the observed TE levels with the cognitive status of the same adults and older adults. Global Cognition was the most frequently studied, but specific cognitive domains such as Orientation, Attention, Learning and Memory, Language, Executive Functioning, Visuospatial and Visuoconstructive Abilities, Intelligence and Dementia Staging were also addressed. In the current literature, copper and manganese were consistently related with worse cognitive performances, both global and domain specific. The same was true for arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead, although these elements were not adequately assessed in relation to all cognitive domains. Selenium and zinc were consistently related to better cognitive performances, the latter displaying weaker evidence. No conclusions could be drawn for any other TE nor in relation to the Orientation or Intelligence domains. Limitations on current research are identified and future recommendations provided.
Coupled THMC model-based prediction of hydraulic fracture geometry and size under self-propping phase-transition fracturing
Authors: Zhang Nanlin , Liu Fushen , Jiang Liangliang , Mo Pinqiang , Xiao Jingwen , Song Qi , Luo Yuhao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Self-Propping Phase-transition Fracturing Technology (SPFT) represents a novel and environmentally friendly approach for a cost-effective and efficient development of the world’s abundant unconventional resources, especially in the context of a carbon-constrained sustainable future. SPFT involves the coupling of Thermal, Hydraulic, Mechanical, and Chemical (THMC) fields, which makes it challenging to understand the mechanism and path of hydraulic fracture propagation. This study addresses these challenges by developing a set of THMC multifield coupling models based on SPFT parameters and the physical/chemical characteristics of the Phase-transition Fracturing Fluid System (PFFS). An algorithm, integrating the Finite Element Method, Discretized Virtual Internal Bonds, and Element Partition Method (FEM-DVIB-EPM), is proposed and validated through a case study. The results demonstrate that the FEM-DVIB-EPM coupling algorithm reduces complexity and enhances solving efficiency. The length of the hydraulic fracture increases with the quantity and displacement of PFFS, and excessive displacement may result in uncontrolled fracture height. Within the parameters considered, a minimal difference in fracture length is observed when the PFFS amount exceeds 130 m3, that means the fracture length tends to stabilize. This study contributes to understanding the hydraulic fracture propagation mechanism induced by SPFT, offering insights for optimizing hydraulic fracturing technology and treatment parameters.
Electromagnetic Disturbance Source Modeling Scheme and its Interference Estimation of Medium–Low-Speed Maglev Train Interior
Authors: Huang Ke , Lin Guobin , Liu Zhigang , Zhu Feng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMagnetic fields from the linear motor, suspended electromagnet, and collector shoe arcing are the three main electromagnetic interference (EMI) sources for the medium–low-speed maglev train interior. Under their collective influence, the field intensity may exceed the standard threshold, consequently affecting the operational reliability of the train system. However, in previous studies, the EMI sources were analyzed separately, and studies regarding the influence of factors such as the motor states and the train body (TB) shielding against arcing EMI were lacking. Therefore, in this paper, all three EMI source are considered, and an EM disturbance source modeling scheme is proposed using the COMSOL software platform. Its effectiveness is demonstrated and the train interior magnetic field is analyzed, primarily with respect to prior simulations and tests. Subsequent analyses enable a comparative assessment of the individual contributions of each EMI source to the overall interference, considering the EMI control standards. The influence of other EMI source parameters, such as different motor states, is analyzed, and the potential for modifying the material composition and structural thickness of the TB is explored to determine the appropriate EMI inhibition strategy.
Adult immigrant students’ identity positioning and english-only ideologies in the US: a quantCrit case study
Authors: McHolme Lindsay 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis QuantCrit case study examines how adult emergent multilingual language learners (EMLLs) attending English language skills classes at a public school district in the US construct their linguistic identities in response to English-only ideologies. The small sample size was limited to adults enrolled in the program (n = 19), as this study is intended to be duplicated in different spaces to account for multilingual and cultural diversity. The study asks the question, how do adult EMLLs attending an English class position themselves and their perceived English fluency? To answer this question, participants completed a mixed-methods survey that addresses demographics, languages, perception of one’s own language ability, and perception of what others think about one’s language abilities. The findings were analyzed through the lens of Darvin and Norton’s (2015) Model of Identity Investment that considers identity, ideology, and capital and the raciolinguistics perspective (Flores and Rosa 2015). The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between English-only ideologies and participants’ constructed linguistic identities and reveal a troubled relationship between the way participants position themselves against the deficit-oriented perceptions of English-only speaking Americans. Overall, the results emphasize the importance of centering adult EMLLs’ linguistic and cultural transnational assets in designing curricula, policy, and research.
Investigating prison factors related to literacy and numeracy skills of incarcerated adults
Authors: Aldib Roula , Branum-Martin Lee , Özçalışkan Şeyda , Sevcik Rose 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIncarcerated adults in the United States are a vulnerable group with substantially low skills and educational attainment. However, the extent to which various, malleable prison factors are related to the skills of adults from diverse backgrounds remains scarcely explored. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to explore such factors in order to examine which prison programs and activities are associated with higher skills for incarcerated adults in the United States. The sample included 1247 inmates who participated in the Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies survey. Regression analysis results revealed that completing more than high school education in prison was linked to higher performance in literacy and numeracy. Also, higher performance was associated with more time in prison, suggesting that program benefits for inmates with shorter time in prison might go unnoticed. Lastly, the most notable differences in performance were related to participation in prison job training. Even though many incarcerated adults partake in various prison programs and activities, participation in these programs was not consistently associated with higher literacy or numeracy skills. Potentially, prison programs might not be providing sufficient applied opportunities for enhancing skills. Findings from this study suggest a need for a closer evaluation of the malleable prison factors and programs relating to the literacy and numeracy skills of incarcerated adults in the United States.