bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Interconnection Between the Liver and Other Organs: Insights for Hepatic Long–Term Normothermic Machine Perfusion
Authors: Cai Ruilin , Liu Zhiying , Feng Zhiyin , Qin Meiting , Li Jiahao , Zhao Qiang , He Xiaoshun 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTNormothermic machine perfusion (NMP) is emerging as a promising technique for organ preservation, evaluation, and scientific research, offering the potential to enhance the viability and function of donor organs. To fully harness the benefits of NMP, sustained long–term NMP (LNMP) at 36°C for periods exceeding 24 h is required. However, the development of stable LNMP devices is hindered by our limited understanding of ex vivo liver physiology. This review synthesizes insights from clinical and experimental studies to highlight the knowledge gaps associated with the impact of the absence of various organs or systems on isolated livers during ex vivo perfusion. Additionally, it discusses liver injuries and adverse events documented in published liver LNMP studies, elucidating their underlying mechanisms. By analyzing these findings, the paper proposes a series of recommendations to establish a more stable LNMP platform, aiming to optimize the outcomes of liver preservation and expand the applications of NMP in clinical practice and research.
Exact sparse representation recovery in signal demixing and group BLASSO
Authors: Carioni Marcello , Grande Leonardo Del 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this short article we present the theory of sparse representations recovery in convex regularized optimization problems introduced in (Carioni and Del Grande, arxiv:2311.08072, 2023). We focus on the scenario where the unknowns belong to Banach spaces and measurements are taken in Hilbert spaces, exploring the properties of minimizers of optimization problems in such settings. Specifically, we analyze a Tikhonov‐regularized convex optimization problem, where are the measured data, denotes the noise, and is the regularization parameter. By introducing a Metric Non‐Degenerate Source Condition (MNDSC) and considering sufficiently small and , we establish Exact Sparse Representation Recovery (ESRR) for our problems, meaning that the minimizer is unique and precisely recovers the sparse representation of the original data. We then emphasize the practical implications of this theoretical result through two novel applications: signal demixing and super‐resolution with Group BLASSO. These applications underscore the broad applicability and significance of our result, showcasing its potential across different domains.
Feasibility of transcranial Doppler to evaluate vasculopathy among survivors of childhood brain tumors exposed to cranial radiation therapy
Authors: Bowers Daniel C. , Johnson Mark D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe ability of transcranial Doppler (TCD) to detect asymptomatic cerebrovascular disease among childhood brain tumor survivors following exposure to cranial radiation therapy has not been established.MethodsSurvivors of childhood brain tumors, more than 3 years since diagnosis and exposed to greater than 30 Gy cranial radiation, underwent a history and physical exam, laboratory biomarkers of cerebrovascular disease (cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high‐sensitivity CRP, hemoglobin A1C, apoprotein A, and apoprotein B), and a TCD evaluation of their cerebral arteries.ResultsIn all 165 cerebral arteries from 13 patients (medulloblastoma = 10; germ cell tumor = 3; females = 5; mean age at diagnosis = 8.0 years; mean age at time of study = 20.9 years) were examined. Twenty‐eight of 165 (17%) were considered abnormal by pre‐specified criteria. Total 114 cerebral arteries from 13 patients were assessed for greater than 50% stenosis velocities. Arteries most likely to be considered abnormal included the distal bilateral vertebral arteries (right 38%, left 30%), basilar artery 30%, bilateral siphon internal carotid arteries (right 30%, left 23%), bilateral middle cerebral arteries (23% bilaterally), and bilateral anterior cerebral arteries (7% bilaterally). Two vessels had mean flow velocities consistent with 50% stenosis (1.8%). No vessels were found to have greater than 80% stenosis.ConclusionsTCD may be a useful and practical tool to examine asymptomatic cerebrovascular disease among childhood brain tumor survivors after exposure to cranial radiation therapy. Posterior circulation vessels appear to have the highest burden of disease in this group of brain tumor survivors, a majority of whom had medulloblastoma.
An overview of the effects of water and moisture absorption on the performance of hemp fiber and its composites
Authors: Islam Shahidul , Hasan Byzed 
Published: October 2024

AbstractResearchers compare natural hemp fibers with synthetic fibers because of their distinct physical and mechanical properties, which have been well established over time. Hemp fibers are a versatile type of plant fiber commonly used in structural composites and have shown promise in various applications which include packaging, construction, and automotive parts. However, designing hemp‐based composite components presents challenges due to factors related to the plant's origin, growth conditions, age, stem position, separation methods, and the irregularity of fiber cross‐sections. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of research on the performance of hemp fibers and their composites concerning moisture and water absorption. It reviews and analyzes important research on the water and moisture absorption properties of hemp fibers. The article also explains the critical properties of hemp fibers, the various factors affecting these properties, the role of hemp fibers in reinforcement composites, and how relative humidity and swelling characteristics impact hemp fiber composite components. Additionally, it highlights potential areas for future research.Highlights
Effects of moisture on hemp fiber's structural properties.
Mechanisms of water and moisture absorption in hemp fibers.
Impact of moisture on hemp fiber reinforced composites.
Key factors in selecting matrices for hemp fiber composites.
Future prospects for hemp fiber composites in various applications.
A Labeling Intercomparison of Retrogressive Thaw Slumps by a Diverse Group of Domain Experts
Authors: Nitze Ingmar , Van der Sluijs Jurjen , Barth Sophia , Bernhard Philipp , Huang Lingcao , Kizyakov Alexander , Lara Mark J. , Nesterova Nina , Runge Alexandra , Veremeeva Alexandra , Ward Jones Melissa , Witharana Chandi , Xia Zhuoxuan , Liljedahl Anna K. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTDeep‐learning (DL) models have become increasingly beneficial for the detection of retrogressive thaw slumps (RTS) in the permafrost domain. However, comparing accuracy metrics is challenging due to unstandardized labeling guidelines. To address this, we conducted an experiment with 12 international domain experts from a broad range of scientific backgrounds. Using 3 m PlanetScope multispectral imagery, they digitized RTS footprints in two sites. We evaluated label uncertainty by comparing manually outlined RTS labels using Intersection‐over‐Union (IoU) and F1 metrics. At the Canadian Peel Plateau site, we see good agreement, particularly in the active parts of RTS. Differences were observed in the interpretation of the debris tongue and the stable vegetated sections of RTS. At the Russian Bykovsky site, we observed a larger mismatch. Here, the same differences were documented, but several participants mistakenly identified non‐RTS features. This emphasizes the importance of site‐specific knowledge for reliable label creation. The experiment highlights the need for standardized labeling procedures and definition of their scientific purpose. The most similar expert labels outperformed the accuracy metrics reported in the literature, highlighting human labeling capabilities with proper training, site knowledge, and clear guidelines. These findings lay the groundwork for DL‐based RTS monitoring in the pan‐Arctic.
Cassava disease detection using a lightweight modified soft attention network
Authors: Dosset Arailym , Dang L. Minh , Alharbi Faisal , Habib Shabana , Alam Nur , Park Han Yong , Moon Hyeonjoon 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDCassava is a high‐carbohydrate crop that is at risk of viral infections. The production rate and quality of cassava crops are affected by several diseases. However, the manual identification of diseases is challenging and requires considerable time because of the lack of field professionals and the limited availability of clear and distinct information. Consequently, the agricultural management system is seeking an efficient and lightweight method that can be deployable to edged devices for detecting diseases at an early stage. To address these issues and accurately categorize different diseases, a very effective and lightweight framework called CDDNet has been introduced. We used MobileNetV3Small framework as a backbone feature for extracting optimized, discriminating, and distinct features. These features are empirically validated at the early intermediate stage. Additionally, we modified the soft attention module to effectively prioritize the diseased regions and enhance significant cassava plant disease‐related features for efficient cassava disease detection.RESULTSOur proposed method achieved accuracies of 98.95%, 97.03%, and 98.25% on Cassava Image Dataset, Cassava Plant Disease Merged (2019–2020) Dataset, and the newly created Cassava Plant Composite Dataset, respectively. Furthermore, the proposed technique outperforms previous state‐of‐the‐art methods in terms of accuracy, parameter count, and frames per second values, ultimately making the proposed CDDNet the best one for real‐time processing.CONCLUSIONOur findings underscore the importance of a lightweight and efficient technique for cassava disease detection and classification in a real‐time environment. Furthermore, we highlight the impact of modified soft attention on model performance. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Next‐Generation Sequencing Methods for Near‐Real‐Time Molecular Epidemiology of HIV and HCV
Authors: Horsburgh Bethany A. , Walker Gregory J. , Kelleher Anthony , Lloyd Andrew R. , Bull Rowena A. , Giallonardo Francesca Di 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe World Health Organisation has set targets of reducing the transmission of new hepatitis C (HCV) infections by 90%, and ending human immunodeficiency virus‐1 (HIV) as a public health threat, by 2030. To achieve this, efficient and timely viral surveillance, and effective public health interventions, are required. Traditional epidemiological methods are largely dependent on the recognition of incident cases with symptomatic illness; acute HIV and HCV infections are commonly asymptomatic, which may lead to delays in the recognition of such new infections. Instead, for these viruses, molecular epidemiology may improve the detection of, and response to, clusters of viral transmission. Molecular epidemiology using historical datasets has highlighted key populations that may have benefitted from a timely intervention. Similar analyses performed on contemporary samples are needed to underpin the 2030 targets, but this requires the generation of a cohesive dataset of viral genome sequences in near‐real‐time. To generate such data, methodologies harnessing next‐generation sequencing (NGS) should be utilised. Here we discuss the opportunity presented by NGS for public health surveillance of HIV and HCV, and discuss three methods that can generate sequences for such analysis. These include full‐length genome amplification, utilised for analysis of HCV in the research space; tiling PCR, which was the method of choice for many diagnostic laboratories in the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic; and bait‐capture hybridisation, which has been utilised in local HIV outbreaks. These techniques could be applied for near‐real‐time HIV and HCV surveillance, informing public health strategies that will be key to achieving 2030 targets.
A Machine Learning–Based Ergonomic Assessment of Wireless Hand Control System for Lower‐Limb Disabled Tractor Operators and Abled Female Agricultural Workers
Authors: Hota Smrutilipi , Tewari V. K. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTTractor being the most used power source for agricultural operations needs hand control (HC) and foot control (FC) to maneuver it. FCs restrict lower‐limb disabled agricultural workers from participating in tractor operation, and high requirement of actuation forces to operate FCs may create overexertion and early fatigue to female agricultural workers. Therefore, a sensor‐based HC system has been developed to assist them in tractor operation with minimal actuating force. This study focuses on ergonomic assessment of the HC system to assess the suitability for the abled and disabled agricultural workers, including physiological, psychophysical, and muscle fatigue parameters. Heart rate (HR) of abled male and female, and disabled male and female was observed in the range of 83–118, 85–117, 93–118, and 92–114 beats/min, respectively, during tractor operation. Energy expenditure rate (EER) during tractor operation with FCs (9.7–17.4 kJ/min) was observed higher than with the HC system (7.3–16.5 kJ/min). Body parts discomfort was observed highest for the right hand of all the subjects (4.9–5.3) and maximum overall discomfort was experienced by abled females during the operation with FCs (5.4) as they have to exert higher force. The root mean square (RMS) value of the electromyography signal obtained for extensor digitorum muscle was found to be higher for all the subjects and with both HC and FC (abled male, 17.37–40.43 µV; abled female, 14.76–45.29 µV; disabled male, 15.49–40.23 µV; disabled female, 30.32–54.29 µV) than other upper arm muscles middle deltoid, flexor carpi radialis, and brachioradialis. Muscle workload for all the selected muscles of all the subjects was observed within the recommended limit during the tractor operation with a developed HC system (< 30%). Categorization of overall discomfort rating (ODR) of the subjects using HR, EER, and RMS through machine learning algorithms such as k‐nearest neighbor (KNN), random forest classifier, and support vector machine predicted the ODR with accuracies in the range of 77%–83%. KNN algorithm was found to be most accurate with prediction accuracy of 83%. The developed HC system provides assistantship to the lower‐limb disabled agricultural workers (1%–100% disability of lower limbs) and allows female workers to operate the tractor with minimal physical exertion.
A DFT and Microkinetic Study of Propylene Selective Oxidation on Cu2O(111) Surface with O2: Chlorinum Effect
Authors: Song Yangyang , Zhao Fangyuan , Tian Peng , Zhang Ke , Xie Zean , Wang Guichang , Zhao Zhen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSpin‐polarized density functional theory (DFT) +U calculation was performed to study propylene selective oxidation on Cu2O(111) and Cl−Cu2O(111) surfaces. The mechanism included two pathways: the allylic hydrogen stripping (AHS) pathway and the epoxidation pathway, and acrolein, propylene oxide (PO), propanal and acetone can be formed. The calculated results found that the C3H6*+OO*→OOMMP2*→PO* route can be regarded as the preferred formation route of PO on these two surfaces. On clean surface, acrolein can be regarded as the main product, then other products selectivity follows: acetone>PO>propanal. On Cl−Cu2O(111) surface, acrolein was also the main product, and the apparent activation energy of acrolein (1.97 eV) was approximated to the apparent activation energy of PO (2.04 eV), other products selectivity follows: PO>propanal>acetone, which means that the selectivity of PO can be improved by the effect of Cl. Microkinetic simulation confirm that PO selectivity can be elevated qualitatively, and found that OOMMP2*→PO2*+O* is the rate determining step on pure surface and C3H6*+OO*→OOMMP2* is the rate controlling step on the doped−Cl surface. From this work, it can be found the O−O bond in O2 can be activated effectively by the presence of Cl, enhancing the selectivity of PO.
Substituent Regulating Porphyrin Derivatives for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Sun Meng , Fan Xiaocao , Guo Shukui , Nui Xueying , Tian Li , Wang Airong , Wang Renjie , Chen Wenxi , Cui Chengxing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPorphyrin and its derivatives have been seen as a type of potential organic photocatalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Substituent regulation as a simple method can effectively regulate the photoelectric characteristic of organic semiconductors. Herein, we designed three porphyrin derivatives attached with different substituents (PP‐NH2, PP‐OH and PP‐COOH). Through a facile substituent optimization strategy, the photoelectric properties of these porphyrin derivatives show an obvious difference, which leads an optimized photocatalytic hydrogen evolution efficiency. The porphyrin derivative with carboxyl presents a reduced impedance, and a better charge separation. Compared to the amino group, PP‐COOH with carboxyl, achieved a high hydrogen evolution rate of 2.20 mmol g−1 h−1 (over 20 times than that of PP‐NH2). Moreover, enhanced stability was observed in PP‐COOH rather than PP‐OH, because of the lower HOMO energy level. And the ionization of carboxyl in water negatively charges the porphyrin derivatives and forms a relatively stable sol. This result further increases the operation stability of PP‐COOH, during photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. This study presents a promising design strategy for long‐lifetime photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution.
Physical‐Matched Nanoplatelets Boost Heterogeneous Thrombi Targeting Through Self‐Adaptive Deformation for Thrombolysis and Endothelial Repairing
Authors: Zhang Junhui , Hu Fan , Zhang Junzhe , Xie Jing , Wang Zhiyu , Lv Linwen , Liang Haojun , Liu Qiuyang , Chen Ranran , Li Hao , Su Wenxi , Yan Ruyu , Chen Ziteng , Wang Zhijie , Tang Hongyu , Chang Ya‐nan , Li Juan , Chen Jun , Shen Minghua , Xing Gengmei , Chen Kui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe heterogeneity of thrombi in terms of composition, structure, and blood rheology parameters presents a challenge for effective thrombus‐targeting drug delivery. To address this, a self‐adaptive nano‐delivery system, termed D‐PLT, is developed. It consists of platelet membrane‐cloaked deformable mesoporous organic silicon dioxide nanocomposite, enabling it to respond to the challenge of the heterogeneity of thrombi in arteries and veins. The system exhibits progressive targeting, with the ability to target arterial and venous thrombosis and damaged blood vessels. D‐PLT physically matches the pore structure of the thrombus by undergoing varied deformation, leading to advanced targeting and enrichment of arterial and venous thrombus. When co‐loaded with the thrombolytic drug urokinase (UK) and the endothelium‐protecting agent atorvastatin calcium (AT), the system improves rapid vascular opening of arterial and venous thrombosis in 90 min and provides up to 7 days of durable thrombolysis and recovery from endothelial dysfunction in vivo. This self‐adaptive delivery system offers a promising strategy to overcome thrombus heterogeneity.
I−/I3− Conversion‐Activated and Stabilized Bipedal‐Redox Bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) Sulfide Cathode for High‐Performance Zinc‐Organosulfide Batteries
Authors: Du Wenyan , Song Ziyang , Hu Chengmin , Zheng Xunwen , Lv Yaokang , Miao Ling , Gan Lihua , Liu Mingxian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOrganosulfides are considered promising cathode materials for zinc batteries due to their merits of high‐density active sites and multielectron reactions, but often suffer from sluggish kinetics and limited electrochemical stability. Here organic iodide‐catalyzed is reported and stabilized multielectron‐redox bis(dimethylthiocarbamyl) sulfide (BS) cathode for superior zinc‐organosulfide batteries. Activated by 2e− I−/I3− conversion in 1‐methyl‐3‐propylimidazolium iodide (MPII)‐modulated electrolyte, the electron‐deficient structure of BS can stretch the electron cloud of two adjacent C═S bonds to form bipedal C─S bonds, affording high‐kinetics and stable 2e− Zn─S storage electrochemistry. This allows high accessibility of zincophilic dual C = S sites with a low activation energy, and stabilizes BS to fulfil anti‐dissolution in electrolyte. Consequently, Zn||BS battery with 4e− conversion‐coordination harvests high‐rate capacities (452 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1; 255 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1), high energy density (312 Wh kg−1) and ultralong life (30000 cycles), becoming the state‐of‐the‐art zinc batteries in all‐round metrics. This work constitutes a significant advance in developing high‐redox‐activity organosulfide materials and stand for a good starting point for advanced zinc batteries.
Energy‐Efficient Separation of Xylene Isomers through Stacked 1‐Aminopyrene Polymer Composite
Authors: Yan Boning , Xu Kang , Cao Yucai , Xu Xueru , Lei Ming 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDeveloping high‐performance adsorbents for energy‐efficient separation of xylene isomers has important research and application value. Identification and separation of xylene isomers (PX, MX, and OX) at room temperature based on the different relative positions of two methyl groups on the benzene ring is an unprecedented attempt. Herein, 1‐aminopyrene polymer (PAP) is designed and electro‐synthesized composited with a supporting electrolyte as an adsorbent for the separation of xylene isomers using a multi‐stage dispersed liquid–solid adsorption process at room temperature. Each −NH−pyrene−NH− unit can form a force field to identify and discriminate xylene isomer through π–π interaction combined with −CH3···−NH− interactions of different strength, thereby achieving separation of PX, MX, and OX isomers by amplifying the slight differences in the adsorption capacity and diffusion rates. The density functional theory (DFT) simulations provide a more quantitative analysis of the adsorbate‐adsorbent interactions to illustrate PX > MX > OX order of adsorption selectivity. This study may offer an alternative strategy for the precise designing of energy‐efficient and adsorption‐based separation materials.
Recent advances in dual response molecular probes for biothiols
Authors: Mwafulirwa Master , Abdalla Khamis , Bian Wenhai , Wei Hongbei , Xu Liren , Yu Wanyi , Hui Zhang , Yang Qi , Sun Xiaolong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe detection of biothiols such as cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (Hcy), and glutathione (GSH) are critical for understanding their roles in biology and their involvement in various physiological and pathological processes. Recently, significant progress has been made in constructing fluorescent probes capable of detecting and visualizing biothiols. This review provides an in‐depth look at the latest advancements in simultaneous and selective molecular probes, focusing on developments over the last 5 years. We examine design techniques, sensing mechanisms, and imaging methods to assess their effectiveness and responsiveness to thiols. Additionally, we discuss the prevailing challenges and offer recommendations to address them.