bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing damage on retrieved total elbow replacement bushings with lab worn specimens subjected to varied loading conditions
Authors: Willing Ryan 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTComplication rates following total elbow replacement (TER) with conventional implants are relatively high due to mechanical failure involving the UHMWPE bushings. Unfortunately, there are no standardized pre‐clinical durability testing protocols for assessing the durability of TER components. This study examines the damage observed on retrieved humeral bushings, and then uses in vitro durability testing with two different loading protocols to compare resulting damage. Damage on 25 pairs of retrieved humeral bushings was characterized using micro‐computed tomographic imaging techniques. The damage was compared with that of in vitro test specimens which were subjected to 200 K cycles of either high joint reaction force (high JRF) or high varus moment (high VM) loading. Material removal (mass loss) from bushing components was measured using gravimetric techniques. Thinning was less for retrieved bushings which were still assembled in their humeral component, versus bushings which were loose (0.3 ± 0.3 mm vs. 0.6 ± 0.3 mm, p = 0.02). Comparing in vitro test specimens, thinning due to high VM loading was 0.9 ± 0.3 mm, versus 0.2 ± 0.0 mm for high JRF loading (p = 0.08); however, the actual material removal rates from the humeral bushings were not different between the two protocols (48 ± 5 mm3/Mc vs. 43 ± 2 mm3/Mc, p = 1). Neither loading protocol could produce damage patterns fully representative of the spectrum of damage patterns observed on clinical retrievals. Pre‐clinical testing should employ multiple loading protocols to characterize implant performance under a broader spectrum of usage. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1998–2006, 2018.
Early Enteral Nutrition Is Associated With Significantly Lower Hospital Charges in Critically Ill Children
Authors: Mikhailov Theresa A. , Gertz Shira J. , Kuhn Evelyn M. , Scanlon Matthew C. , Rice Thomas B. , Goday Praveen S. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have shown that early enteral nutrition (EEN) is associated with lower mortality in critically ill children. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between EEN (provision of 25% of goal calories enterally over the first 48 hours) and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and hospital charges in critically ill children.MethodsWe conducted a supplementary study to our previous multicenter retrospective study of nutrition and outcomes in critically ill patients who had a PICU length of stay (LOS) ≥96 hours for the years 2007–2008. From 2 centers, we obtained additional data for all charges incurred during the PICU and hospital stay, respectively, from administrative data sets at each institution.ResultsWe obtained data for 859 patients who met the inclusion criteria (615 from the first center and 244 from the second center). In the combined data from both centers, total (P = .0006, adjusted for Pediatric Index of Mortality‐2 [PIM‐2] and center) and daily hospital charges (P < .001, adjusted for PIM‐2 and center) were significantly lower in patients who met the EEN goal than in patients who did not. Hospital LOS did not differ between patients who met the EEN goal and patients who did not. A significant interaction between EEN and centers prevented any comparison of PICU charges, daily PICU charges, and PICU LOS between those patients who met the EEN goal and those who did not.ConclusionIn critically ill children who stay in the PICU >96 hours, EEN is associated with significantly lower hospital charges.
Dietary enzymatically treated Artemisia annua L. improves meat quality, antioxidant capacity and energy status of breast muscle in heat‐stressed broilers
Authors: Wan Xiaoli , Ahmad Hussain , Zhang Lili , Wang Zhiyue , Wang Tian 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDHeat stress (HS) is detrimental to animal‐origin food production. Artemisia annua L., a natural source of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, exhibits antioxidant properties. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary enzymatically treated Artemisia annua L. (EA) supplementation on meat quality, antioxidant capacity, and energy status of breast muscle in heat‐stressed broilers.RESULTSThe inclusion of EA increased the redness, reduced drip loss, decreased reactive oxygen metabolites and thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, and reduced the ferric reducing antioxidant power and free‐radical scavenging abilities of breast muscle in heat‐treated broilers. Dietary EA supplementation increased adenosine phosphate concentrations and energy charge, and decreased the mRNA expression levels of heat‐shock protein 70 and 90, but increased the mRNA expression levels of avian uncoupling protein, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator‐1α, and sirtuin 1 in the breast muscle of broilers exposed to HS.CONCLUSIONDietary EA supplementation improved meat quality, antioxidant capacity, and energy status in breast muscle of heat‐stressed broilers, which might be associated with altering pertinent mRNA expression; EA could therefore be used as a promising feed additive to mitigate HS in the poultry industry. This study recommended 1.00–1.25 g/kg EA in broiler diet. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparison of two docking methods for peptide‐protein interactions
Authors: Yu Qiuying , Wang Fangyu , Hu Xiaofei , Xing Guangxu , Deng Ruiguang , Guo Junqing , Cheng Anchun , Wang Jing , Hao Junfang , Zhao Dong , Teng Man , Zhang Gaiping 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe importance of peptides in regulatory interactions has caused peptide‐protein docking to attract the attention of many researchers. A variety of methods for molecular modeling of peptide‐protein docking, such as local search and global search, are currently used.RESULTSThe interactions of 11 peptides and CSFV E2 protein were evaluated by the GalaxyPepDock and FlexX/ SYBYL programs, respectively. The assessment scores of all the peptides were correlated with their KD values. The final results showed that a moderate correlation coefficient was represented between KD values and CScores of predicted models by FlexX/ SYBYL.CONCLUSIONOur results demonstrate that considering the flexibility of the peptide is better than searching for more potential binding sites on the target protein surface while performing peptide‐protein molecular docking. These data provide reasonable evidence for the molecular design of peptides and guidance for the functional assignment of target proteins. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Mid‐ to long‐term clinical outcome of giant cell tumor of bone treated with calcium phosphate cement following thorough curettage and phenolization
Authors: Takeuchi Akihiko , Suwanpramote Prakrit , Yamamoto Norio , Shirai Toshiharu , Hayashi Katsuhiro , Kimura Hiroaki , Miwa Shinji , Higuchi Takashi , Abe Kensaku , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2018

Background and ObjectivesGiant cell tumors of bone (GCTB) are intermediate and locally aggressive bone tumor. Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) is a bone void filler used in orthopaedic surgery. This study investigated the clinical outcome of GCTB treated with thorough curettage, phenolization, and CPC.MethodsWe investigated 26 patients with at least 36 months of follow‐up. The mean age and follow‐up were 37 years (range: 19‐63) and 87 months (range: 38‐169), respectively. Radiological outcomes including consolidation of CPC to the surrounding bone, cortical bone defect remodeling, and clinical outcomes were investigated.ResultsThe consolidation of CPC to the surrounding bone was excellent in 22 cases (84.6%), good in three (11.5%), and acceptable in one (3.8%). Local recurrence occurred in three cases (11.5%). Pulmonary metastasis occurred in one case (3.8%). Cortical bone defect remodeling appeared in 22 cases (84.6%). The mean Musculoskeletal Tumour Society score was 28.7 (95.7%). Osteoarthritis, chronic synovitis, and fracture were observed in one case each (3.8%), which were managed conservatively.ConclusionsPhenolization did not prevent the consolidation of CPC to the bone. CPC provided biological interface and long lasting stability without internal fixation, with comparable complication rates to other published series.
Enantioselective ultra high performance liquid and supercritical fluid chromatography: The race to the shortest chromatogram
Authors: Ciogli Alessia , Ismail Omar H. , Mazzoccanti Giulia , Villani Claudio , Gasparrini Francesco 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe ever‐increasing need for enantiomerically pure chiral compounds has greatly expanded the number of enantioselective separation methods available for the precise and accurate measurements of the enantiomeric purity. The introduction of chiral stationary phases for liquid chromatography in the last decades has revolutionized the routine methods to determine enantiomeric purity of chiral drugs, agrochemicals, fragrances, and in general of organic and organometallic compounds. In recent years, additional efforts have been placed on faster, enantioselective analytical methods capable to fulfill the high throughput requirements of modern screening procedures. Efforts in this field, capitalizing on improved chromatographic particle technology and dedicated instrumentation, have led to highly efficient separations that are routinely completed on the seconds time scale. An overview of the recent achievements in the field of ultra‐high‐resolution chromatography on column packed with chiral stationary phases, both based on sub‐2 μm fully porous and sub‐3 μm superficially porous particles, will be given, with an emphasis on very recent studies on ultrafast chiral separations.
Importance of environmental indicators of sustainable development in the transitional selective tourism destination
Authors: Vučetić Aleksa Š. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe article seeks to explain the importance of environmental indicators of sustainable development in the transitional selective tourism destination, that is, in different types of selective tourism. The survey results reveal that there are statistically significant differences of environmental indicator importance among different types of selective tourism. This new research approach in the field of sustainable tourism development and its results can be a beneficial input for tourism policymakers in the process of identification and creation of an optimal set of measures and activities of protection and preservation of the quality of the environment in selective tourism destination.
Cost of agricultural productivity loss due to soil erosion in the European Union: From direct cost evaluation approaches to the use of macroeconomic models
Authors: Panagos Panos , Standardi Gabriele , Borrelli Pasquale , Lugato Emanuele , Montanarella Luca , Bosello Francesco 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMuch research has been carried out on modelling soil erosion rates under different climatic and land use conditions. Although some studies have addressed the issue of reduced crop productivity due to soil erosion, few have focused on the economic loss in terms of agricultural production and gross domestic product (GDP). In this study, soil erosion modellers and economists come together to carry out an economic evaluation of soil erosion in the European Union (EU). The study combines biophysical and macroeconomic models to estimate the cost of agricultural productivity loss due to soil erosion by water in the EU. The soil erosion rates, derived from the RUSLE2015 model, are used to estimate the loss in crop productivity (physical change in the production of plants) and to model their impact on the agricultural sector per country. A computable general equilibrium model is then used to estimate the impact of crop productivity change on agricultural production and GDP. The 12 million hectares of agricultural areas in the EU that suffer from severe erosion are estimated to lose around 0.43% of their crop productivity annually. The annual cost of this loss in agricultural productivity is estimated at around €1.25 billion. The computable general equilibrium model estimates the cost in the agricultural sector to be close to €300 million and the loss in GDP to be about €155 million. Italy emerges as the country that suffers the highest economic impact, whereas the agricultural sector in most Northern and Central European countries is only marginally affected by soil erosion losses.
Collapse Transition of Cyclic Homopolymers and Block Copolymers
Authors: Kuriata Aleksander , Sikorski Andrzej 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn order to determine the structure of cyclic homopolymer and multiblock copolymer polymers (rings) at various solvent qualities (temperatures), an idealized model of macromolecules is developed and studied. All atomic details are suppressed and chains are represented as a sequence of identical beads embedded in a square lattice. A simple square‐well potential is used for polymer–polymer interactions in order to mimic the influence of nonselective solvent. An efficient Monte Carlo sampling algorithm using local and nonlocal changes of chain conformation as well as the Replica Exchange technique is used to sample the conformational space. Simulation results concerning the structure of globules formed at low temperature are discussed and compared with theoretical predictions. The influence of the arrangements of blocks in the chain on its structure in different temperatures is shown.
Comprehensive review of cardiovascular toxicity of drugs and related agents
Authors: Mladěnka Přemysl , Applová Lenka , Patočka Jiří , Costa Vera Marisa , Remiao Fernando , Pourová Jana , Mladěnka Aleš , Karlíčková Jana , Jahodář Luděk , Vopršalová Marie , Varner Kurt J. , Štěrba Martin ,   TOX‐OER and CARDIOTOX Hradec Králové Researchers and Collaborators
Published: January 2018

AbstractCardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in most developed countries of the world. Pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs, and toxins can significantly contribute to the overall cardiovascular burden and thus deserve attention. The present article is a systematic overview of drugs that may induce distinct cardiovascular toxicity. The compounds are classified into agents that have significant effects on the heart, blood vessels, or both. The mechanism(s) of toxic action are discussed and treatment modalities are briefly mentioned in relevant cases. Due to the large number of clinically relevant compounds discussed, this article could be of interest to a broad audience including pharmacologists and toxicologists, pharmacists, physicians, and medicinal chemists. Particular emphasis is given to clinically relevant topics including the cardiovascular toxicity of illicit sympathomimetic drugs (e.g., cocaine, amphetamines, cathinones), drugs that prolong the QT interval, antidysrhythmic drugs, digoxin and other cardioactive steroids, beta‐blockers, calcium channel blockers, female hormones, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory, and anticancer compounds encompassing anthracyclines and novel targeted therapy interfering with the HER2 or the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway.
Diffusion sensitivity of 3D‐GRASE in arterial spin labeling perfusion
Authors: He Xiang , Wengler Kenneth , Schweitzer Mark E. 
Published: January 2018

PurposeTo evaluate the role of true diffusion and flow‐related pseudodiffusion in cerebral blood flow (CBF) quantification using arterial spin labeling (ASL) with single‐shot or segmented 3D gradient and spin echo (GRASE) readouts.TheoryThe extended phase graph (EPG) algorithm, originally designed to model the effects of T1/T2 relaxation and true diffusion in MRI acquisitions utilizing multiple refocusing RF pulses, was augmented (aEPG). This augmentation accounted for flow‐related pseudodiffusion attenuation of intravascular MRI signal in the k‐space domain during 3D‐GRASE acquisition, which leads to blur along the partition direction in the image domain. Blurring of ASL signal into neighboring voxels can lead to underestimation of CBF in small, high‐flow structures such as cortical gray matter (GM).MethodsThe diffusion sensitivity of 3D‐GRASE was evaluated through aEPG simulations and in vivo experiments in 13 healthy subjects. The CBF estimation bias for different postlabeling delays, crusher gradient strengths, and segmentation factors along the partition (PAR) and phase‐encoding (PE) directions was numerically assessed by simulations and experimentally validated.ResultsIn vivo experiments demonstrated systematic underestimation of mean GM CBF measured with segmented 3D‐GRASE. The GM CBF underestimation depended on ASL preparation and imaging parameters; it reached up to 25% at low‐segmentation schemes (1PAR × 2PE) but was considerably lower at high‐segmentation schemes (4PAR × 2PE or 8PAR × 2PE). Theoretical predictions showed that conventional T1/T2 relaxation and true diffusion may account for at most ∼25% of GM CBF estimation bias, whereas the pseudodiffusion effect constituted the major fraction in a typical ASL experiment.ConclusionThe pseudodiffusion effect leads to considerable estimation bias in ASL‐based CBF quantification using 3D‐GRASE readouts. This bias can be substantially reduced by increasing the segmentation factors. Magn Reson Med 80:736–747, 2018. Published 2018. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Guillain‐BarrÉ syndrome subtype diagnosis: A prospective multicentric European study
Authors: Van den Bergh Peter Y. K. , Piéret Françoise , Woodard John L. , Attarian Shahram , Grapperon Aude‐Marie , Nicolas Guillaume , Brisset Marion , Cassereau Julien , Rajabally Yusuf A. , Van Parijs Vinciane , Verougstraete Donatienne , Jacquerye Philippe , Raymackers Jean‐Marc , Redant Céline , Michel Claure , Delmont Emilien ,   The University of Louvain GBS Electrodiagnosis Study Group
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: There is uncertainty as to whether the Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) subtypes, acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP) and acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN), can be diagnosed electrophysiologically. Methods: We prospectively included 58 GBS patients. Electrodiagnostic testing (EDX) was performed at means of 5 and 33 days after disease onset. Two traditional and one recent criteria sets were used to classify studies as demyelinating or axonal. Results were correlated with anti‐ganglioside antibodies and reversible conduction failure (RCF). Results: No classification shifts were observed, but more patients were classified as axonal with recent criteria. RCF and anti‐ganglioside antibodies were present in both subtypes, more frequently in the axonal subtype. Discussion: Serial EDX has no effect on GBS subtype proportions. The absence of exclusive correlation with RCF and anti‐ganglioside antibodies may challenge the concept of demyelinating and axonal GBS subtypes based upon electrophysiological criteria. Frequent RCF indicates that nodal/paranodal alterations may represent the main pathophysiology. Muscle Nerve 58: 23–28, 2018.
Outcomes following surgery for peroneal intraneural ganglion cysts
Authors: Wilson Thomas J. , Mauermann Michelle L. , Rock Michael G. , Spinner Robert J. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The objective of this study was to answer the typical questions from patients regarding the likely neurologic outcome and likelihood of recurrence when discussing peroneal intraneural ganglion cysts preoperatively. Methods: Retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent surgery for a peroneal intraneural ganglion cyst between January 1, 2000, and April 1, 2017, was performed. Postoperative neurologic outcomes and radiologic recurrences are reported. Results: There were 65 patients. Average clinical follow‐up was 14 months. Median dorsiflexion and eversion preoperatively were 2/5 and 4/5, respectively. Median dorsiflexion and eversion at last follow‐up postoperatively were 5/5. Radiologic recurrence occurred in 6 (9%) patients, all extraneural. Discussion: The data support excellent postoperative motor outcomes, despite frequent dense weakness of peroneal‐innervated musculature preoperatively. The surgical approach appears to eliminate risk of intraneural recurrence and minimizes risk of extraneural recurrence. Muscle Nerve 57: 989–993, 2018
Three month clinical results with a rechargeable sacral neuromodulation system for the treatment of overactive bladder
Authors: Blok Bertil , Van Kerrebroeck Philip , de Wachter Stefan , Ruffion Alain , Van der Aa Frank , Jairam Ranjana , Perrouin‐Verbe Marie , Elneil Sohier 
Published: January 2018

AimsThe primary aim of the RELAX‐OAB study is to confirm the safety and efficacy of the Axonics r‐SNM System, a miniaturized, rechargeable SNM system.MethodsA total of 51 OAB patients were implanted in a single‐stage implant procedure. These results represent the 3‐month outcomes. Subject outcomes were evaluated using 3‐day bladder diaries and quality of life questionnaires.ResultsA total of 31 of 34 patients (91%) that responded during an initial trial period (“Test Responders”) continued to benefit from therapy with the Axonics r‐SNM System at 3‐months, defined as symptom improvement of ≥50% reduction in urinary voids or incontinence episodes or a return to <8 voids per day. Subjects who were Test Responders showed a statistically and clinically meaningful improvement in all aspects of quality of life (ICIQ‐OABqol). No serious device‐related adverse events (SADEs) occurred, and there were no unanticipated adverse events (UAEs). One subject was explanted due to an infection at the implant site and 19.6% of subjects experienced device related adverse events, most notably discomfort due to stimulation, which was resolved with reprogramming.ConclusionsThe Axonics r‐SNM System provides safe and effective SNM therapy with objective improvement in 91% of subjects. The data also demonstrates a significant improvement in all domains of quality of life. This miniaturized, rechargeable system is designed to last 15 or more years and is expected to provide clinical and cost benefits over current non‐rechargeable systems by eliminating replacement surgeries.