bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consequences of Local Conspecific Density Effects for Plant Diversity and Community Dynamics
Authors: LaManna Joseph A. , Hartig Florian , Myers Jonathan A. , Freckleton Robert P. , Detto Matteo , Surendra Akshay , Doolittle Cole J. , Bachelot Bénédicte , Bagchi Robert , Comita Liza S. , DeFilippis David M. , Huanca‐Nunez Nohemi , Hülsmann Lisa , Jevon Fiona V. , Johnson Daniel J. , Krishnadas Meghna , Magee Lukas J. , Mangan Scott A. , Milici Valerie R. , Murengera Aimé Lucky Barahebuza , Schnitzer Stefan A. , Smith Daniel J. B. , Stein Claudia , Sullivan Megan K. , Torres Ethan , Umaña María Natalia , Delavaux Camille S. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTConspecific density dependence (CDD) in plant populations is widespread, most likely caused by local‐scale biotic interactions, and has potentially important implications for biodiversity, community composition, and ecosystem processes. However, progress in this important area of ecology has been hindered by differing viewpoints on CDD across subfields in ecology, lack of synthesis across CDD‐related frameworks, and misunderstandings about how empirical measurements of local CDD fit within the context of broader ecological theories on community assembly and diversity maintenance. Here, we propose a conceptual synthesis of local‐scale CDD and its causes, including species‐specific antagonistic and mutualistic interactions. First, we compare and clarify different uses of CDD and related concepts across subfields within ecology. We suggest the use of local stabilizing/destabilizing CDD to refer to the scenario where local conspecific density effects are more negative/positive than heterospecific effects. Second, we discuss different mechanisms for local stabilizing and destabilizing CDD, how those mechanisms are interrelated, and how they cut across several fields of study within ecology. Third, we place local stabilizing/destabilizing CDD within the context of broader ecological theories and discuss implications and challenges related to scaling up the effects of local CDD on populations, communities, and metacommunities. The ultimate goal of this synthesis is to provide a conceptual roadmap for researchers studying local CDD and its implications for population and community dynamics.
Behavioural Thermoregulation of Flowers via Petal Movement
Authors: Koski Matthew H. , Heiling Jacob M. , Apland Jennifer S. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWidely documented in animals, behavioural thermoregulation mitigates negative impacts of climate change. Plants experience especially strong thermal variability but evidence for plant behavioural thermoregulation is limited. Along a montane elevation gradient, Argentina anserina flowers warm more in alpine populations than at lower elevation. We linked floral temperature with phenotypes to identify warming mechanisms and documented petal movement and pollinator visitation using time‐lapse cameras. High elevation flowers were more cupped, focused light deeper within flowers and were more responsive to air temperature than low; cupping when cold and flattening when warm. At high elevation, a 20° increase in petal angle resulted in a 0.46°C increase in warming. Warming increased pollinator visitation, especially under cooler high elevation temperatures. A plasticity study revealed constitutive elevational differences in petal cupping and stronger temperature‐induced floral plasticity in high elevation populations. Thus, plant populations have evolved different behavioural responses to temperature driving differences in thermoregulatory capacity.
Local anaesthetic delivery through indwelling retrobulbar catheters for ocular pain control in horses
Authors: Moody Leah M. , Hicks Sherri L. , Foote Braidee C. , Hendrix Diane V. , Ward Daniel A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundEquine corneal disease is common and painful. Current pain mitigation strategies are often suboptimal, especially early in the disease.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of local anaesthetic delivery via indwelling retrobulbar catheter on corneal sensitivity, pupil size, pupillary light responses (PLRs), and ocular motility in normal horses.Study designRandomised, controlled crossover experiment.MethodsOne eye was randomly selected from seven horses. A 20‐gauge catheter was placed in the retrobulbar space and injected with 10 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine or 0.9% saline. Cochet–Bonnet esthesiometry (CBE), pupil photogrammetry, PLRs, and oculocephalic reflexes were evaluated before injection (t = 0) and t = 0.25, 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 h after injection. Following a 7–14 day washout period, this procedure was repeated using the alternative injection solution. Corneal touch thresholds (CTTs) derived from CBE and pupillary areas (PA; as measured from photographs) were compared across time for each group. PLRs and oculocephalic reflexes were compared between groups at each evaluation time point.ResultsSaline did not affect CBE, PA, PLRs or oculocephalic reflexes at any time point. Bupivacaine reduced CTT compared with saline for 6 h, with maximum reduction at t = 1 h (bupivacaine: 0.08 ± 0.20 cm; saline: 4.21 ± 0.39 cm; p < 0.001). Bupivacaine increased PA compared with saline for 3 h, with maximum increase at t = 3 h (bupivacaine: 349.75 ± 84.80 mm2; saline: 194.65 ± 27.03 mm2; p = 0.04). Bupivacaine injection reduced PLRs for 9 h and oculocephalic reflexes for 3 h; saline had no effect. Mild adverse effects included chemosis, blepharoedema, and transiently reduced palpebral reflex.Main limitationsReduction in CTT may not directly translate to pain control in clinical horses with corneal disease. Adverse effects of repeated injections were not evaluated.ConclusionsInjection of bupivacaine via an indwelling retrobulbar catheter in horses reduces corneal sensitivity and may be useful in reducing pain in horses with corneal disease.
TS‐Mixer: A lightweight text representation model based on context awareness
Authors: Tang Huanling , Wang Yulin , Zhang Yu , Dou Quansheng , Lu Mingyu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLarge pre‐trained models (PTMs) have shown their powerful ability in multiple natural language processing tasks. However, using them in practical application remains a challenge due to the significant computational cost and memory requirements. In order to achieve the balance of computational cost and accuracy, MLP architecture can be used as an alternative to the self‐attention module, such as pNLP‐Mixer and Hyper‐Mixer. Experiments indicate that, MLP‐based models can attain competitive performance with low cost. They maintain the balance of computation cost and accuracy successfully, yet, this is at the expense of not being able to capture short‐range dependencies. In this paper, a novel MLP‐based model, termed TS‐Mixer, is proposed which can capture local dependencies by shifting operation. Compared with other MLP‐based models, the parameters of TS‐Mixer are decoupled from the sequence length, hence it has a smaller model size in long sequence tasks. In addition, TS‐Mixer has linear computational complexity, therefore it can be used as a lightweight alternative to the self‐attention model. Experiments show that the TS‐Mixer outperforms other MLP‐based models, which achieves higher accuracy with fewer parameters in multiple downstream tasks. Notably, compared with pre‐trained models, TS‐Mixer can reach more than 90% of their accuracy with 1% or even one thousandth of the parameters (0.174 ~ 1.2 M). These results demonstrate that TS‐Mixer can achieve a better balance between the computing resources and accuracy. Code is available at: https://github.com/wyl-privacy-project/TS-Mixer.
Robotic frameless brain biopsy system enhanced by facial mesh registration
Authors: Aydogmus Omur , Talu Muhammed Fatih 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this study, a new approach is presented that eliminates stereotactic frameworks and the use of markers, offering an alternative to traditional brain biopsy systems. The classical biopsy operation involves the registration of magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) information taken from the patient at different times. Typically, the surgeon's planning information, which takes an average of 4 h on MR, is transferred to CT, and the surgical operation commences. However, this approach necessitates two separate acquisitions (MR and CT), adversely affecting patient comfort and increasing the workload. In the proposed system, it is recommended to register MR‐Depth camera data instead of MR‐CT registration. To achieve this, a 3D face pattern is obtained from the data received from the depth camera attached to the robot arm and overlapped with the mesh obtained by segmentation of the MR. It was observed that registration with sub‐millimeter precision was achieved using the CMFreg surface registration technique.
Family‐centered creative arts therapies for children with autism: A configurative systematic review
Authors: Moo Janet Tein Ni , Ho Rainbow Tin Hung 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis configurative systematic review analyzed family‐centered creative arts therapies for children with autism to understand why and how they are done.BackgroundCreative arts therapies and family‐centered practice are both beneficial for children with autism. Research combining both approaches—that is, family‐centered creative arts therapies—is emerging, and reported findings are promising. A deeper understanding of the theoretical influences and mechanisms of these therapies may generate new ways of thinking and working with families with children with autism.MethodsFollowing registration with PROSPERO and in accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses) guidelines, a literature search was performed, resulting in 17 studies. Thematic analysis considered the studies in terms of theoretical influences, creative arts therapy components, and family‐centered components.ResultsThe development‐in‐context perspective was a key theoretical influence. In addition to music and singing, body movement/physical activity was a prominent component of creative arts therapies. Verbal support as well as modeling behaviors and strategies to parents were salient family‐centered components.ConclusionThis systematic review reveals common principles, practices, and gaps in the existing literature and their relevance for families with children with autism.ImplicationsThese findings bear implications for families, therapists, Certified Family Life Educators, and other professionals working with families with children with autism.
Association between physical activity levels and mortality across adiposity: A longitudinal study of age‐specific Asian populations
Authors: Han Yunmin , Choi Younghwan , Kim Yeon Soo 
Published: October 2024

AimThis study investigated the association of physical activity (PA) levels with all‐cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality risks stratified by adiposity and age.MethodsParticipants (36 703; mean age: 49.1; 57.1% women) were selected from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2013. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine the association between PA and mortality across different adiposity categories and ages.ResultsMedian follow‐up was 9.22 years; 2393 individuals died, including 538 with CVD. Compared with normal‐weight controls, underweight individuals had increased all‐cause mortality risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.33–1.79). The overweight and obese groups demonstrated reduced mortality risks (HRs: 0.75 [95% CI: 0.67–0.84] and 0.59 [95% CI: 0.51–0.67], respectively). Mortality risk based on abdominal obesity had an HR of 1.22 (95% CI: 1.08–1.37). PA protected against mortality risk most in the obese group performing more than 1000 MET‐min/week and was particularly significant among those who were underweight and obese aged 65 and older.ConclusionsOverweight and obese Asian individuals (based on body mass index) had a lower mortality risk than those with normal body mass index, whereas obesity based on waist circumference was associated with increased mortality. PA protected against mortality across various weight categories, especially in individuals aged ≥65. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 1156–1164.
Bivalirudin as an anticoagulation strategy for acute hemodialysis in children: Two cases with a summary of recent literature
Authors: Viaene Tanguy , Dhont Evelyn , Vanommeslaeghe Floris , Eloot Sunny , De Somer Filip , De Rudder Jonathan , Mondelaers Veerle , Snauwaert Evelien 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUnfractionated heparin is the most used anticoagulative agent for extracorporeal settings in children, including acute hemodialysis modalities. In certain situations, such as heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia, alternatives must be applied. The direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin has come forth as an attractive substitute. Bivalirudin is currently only approved for adult use in specific percutaneous coronary intervention settings. However, it has a growing off‐label popularity in different contexts for both adult and pediatric patients. Experience with bivalirudin in children is mainly limited to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ventricular assist devices and during cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Literature about its use as anticoagulation strategy for pediatric hemodialysis is very scarce. Here, we present two pediatric cases where bivalirudin was used during acute hemodialysis, followed by a short summary of recent literature.
Downregulation of type I interferon signalling pathway by urate in primary human PBMCs
Authors: Badii Medeea , Nica Valentin , Straton Ancuța R. , Kischkel Brenda , Gaal Orsolya , Cabău Georgiana , Klück Viola , Hotea Ioana ,   HINT Consortium, Novakovic Boris , Pamfil Cristina , Rednic Simona , Netea Mihai G. , Popp Radu A. , Joosten Leo A. B. , Crișan Tania O. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractType I interferons (IFN1s) mediate innate responses to microbial stimuli and regulate interleukin (IL)‐1 and IL‐1 receptor antagonist (Ra) production in human cells. This study explores interferon‐stimulated gene (ISG) alterations in the transcriptome of patients with gout and stimulated human primary cells in vitro in relation to serum urate concentrations. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and monocytes of patients with gout were primed in vitro with soluble urate, followed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Separately, PBMCs were stimulated with various toll‐like receptor (TLR) ligands. RNA sequencing and IL‐1Ra cytokine measurement were performed. STAT1 phosphorylation was assessed in urate‐treated monocytes. Cytokine responses to IFN‐β were evaluated in PBMCs cultured with or without urate and restimulated with LPS and monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. Transcriptomics revealed suppressed IFN‐related signalling pathways in urate‐exposed PBMCs or monocytes which was supported by diminishment of phosphorylated STAT1. The stimulation of PBMCs with IFN‐β did not modify the urate‐induced inflammation. Interestingly, in vivo, serum urate concentrations were inversely correlated to in vitro ISG expression upon stimulations with TLR ligands. These findings support a deficient IFN1 signalling in the presence of elevated serum urate concentrations, which could translate to increased susceptibility to infections.
Nurses' Descriptions of Interdisciplinary Interactions in Stroke and Geriatric Rehabilitation Units: A Case Example of the Registered Practical Nurse
Authors: Masood Mehvish , Guitar Nicole A. , Connelly Denise M. , Nguyen Angela 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo analyse how nurses describe their interactions with other interdisciplinary team members within stroke and geriatric rehabilitation.DesignA secondary analysis of cross‐sectional ethnographic interview data was conducted using Elo and Kyngäs' (2008) deductive content analysis.MethodsBetween April 12 and July 25, 2022, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 31 registered practical nurses recruited through convenience sampling from three tertiary hospital sites in Southwestern Ontario. Interview transcripts were reviewed to identify described interactions between nurses and interdisciplinary team members and were coded for: who were the interdisciplinary team member(s) involved; what content was addressed; and where, when, and why the interaction occurred.ResultsCategories representing how nurses describe their interactions with interdisciplinary team members were as follows: (1) arising from the unique roles owned by either the nurse or interdisciplinary team member(s); (2) requiring open communication to achieve patient goals and improve patient care; (3) occurring within what is perceived to be either the therapists' or nurses' physical space; and (4) contributing to supportive team environments that are mutually beneficial.ConclusionsWhile nurses view other interdisciplinary team members as ‘owning’ certain roles and physical spaces within rehabilitation, they also recognised their ‘owned’ spaces and roles. Unique contributions of all team members were valued as necessary to provide holistic, person‐centred patient care and positive team‐based support.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareNurses' descriptions of their interactions with interdisciplinary team members demonstrated their essential contributions to team‐based patient care and acknowledged nurse contributions to the rehabilitation process for patients.ImpactFindings elucidate the nature of interprofessional interactions and ‘ownership’ within the rehabilitation process. Results are beneficial for policymakers, educators, and healthcare organisations aiming to optimise the nursing role within rehabilitation spaces.Reporting MethodThe Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research Checklist (COREQ).Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Deep Hybrid Model for Pest Detection: IoT‐UAV‐Based Smart Agriculture System
Authors: Gokeda Vijayalakshmi , Yalavarthi Radhika 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTModern technology is revolutionising traditional farming processes by introducing new and streamlined approaches. Despite these advancements, challenges such as disease identification, insect detection and weather forecasting persist. To address these issues, this work proposes a DHMPD‐based IoT‐UAV smart agriculture system focused on pest detection. The method involves several stages: data acquisition, preprocessing, data augmentation, segmentation, feature extraction and classification. During data acquisition, a ‘Pest data set’ is collected. Preprocessing includes Z‐score normalisation to produce better‐normalised images. Data augmentation involves rotating images to create different orientations. The segmentation stage uses an updated HDBSCAN process, which improves the distance calculation between pixels using hybridised Euclidean and Minkowski distances. Feature extraction retrieves various features from segmented images, including modified MBP features, colour‐based features and shape‐based features. After feature extraction, the classification phase is performed by a hybrid technique with DL approaches such as improved DBN and LSTM approaches. Finally, classification results are averaged to predict pest detection accurately. The approach's effectiveness is evaluated through various assessments, aiming to overcome current limitations and enhance smart agriculture systems. The proposed DHMPD method was compared with state‐of‐the‐art approaches and traditional classifiers, achieving a maximum accuracy of 0.936, outperforming conventional methods in accurately detecting pests. Hence, the proposed work holds immense promise to advance the capabilities of smart agriculture systems, offering practical solutions that can benefit farmers, agricultural researchers and industries involved in crop management and food production.
Effectiveness of Stem Rust Resistance Genes in Southern Russia
Authors: Volkova Galina V. , Gladkova Ekaterina V. , Kudinova Olga A. , Ignateva Olesya O. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWheat stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) is a damaging disease widespread in all grain‐producing regions of the world. In this work, the effectiveness of Sr genes was analysed under field conditions in the southern region of Russia (Krasnodar Krai, Stavropol Krai and Rostov Oblast) during 2016‐2021. The data were obtained using a set of 46 isogenic lines and varieties with artificial inoculation. The Sr31 gene proved absolute effectiveness in the field. Effective (1R–10R) Sr genes were the following: 5, 12, 35 and 37; moderately effective (10MR–30MR) Sr genes: 1, 6, 9g, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 32, 33, 38 and WLD. Lines with Sr genes 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 9d, 9e, 9f, 16, 17, 19, 21, 26, 27, 29, 30, 36, 39, 40, 44, Dp2, Gt and Tmp were ineffective in the adult plant phase (30MS–70S). Polymorphism of infection types and disease severity was noted for most of these lines in different years. Ongoing analysis of the efficiency of Sr genes in the region is important to prevent the risk of epidemics, and lines with stem rust resistance genes that have shown efficiency can be used as donors in breeding programmes.
After us, together with us: Quality of life in adults with disabilities in an inclusive and sustainable future
Authors: Santilli Sara , Ginevra Maria Cristina , Bishop Courtney , Nota Laura 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDue to economic and technological progress, life expectancy is constantly developing, thus the European senior generation is ever‐increasing. Such demographic modifications have far reached consequences on social protection systems and society. Specifically, the last 20 years have also seen a significant increase in life expectancy for people with disabilities and their elderly parents who care for them. Therefore, this contribution provides an overview of the quality of life for adults with intellectual disabilities and their elderly parents. Specifically, this paper examines the notion of quality of life, especially in its relationship with sustainability, inclusion, and social justice. Lastly, it examines the contextual factors that contribute to promoting or hindering the quality of life of individuals with intellectual disabilities and the impact on social inclusion, sustainability, and social justice.
Invisible crimes and punitive politics
Authors: Anderson John‐Paul 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article develops a reconceptualization of “invisible crimes” and their relation to punitive politics. Analysis and comparison of three cases of criminalization in the United States suggests that when legislation criminalizes easily concealed, pervasive, and morally ambiguous (nondirectly victimizing) behaviors, the negative consequences disproportionately impact poor, vulnerable, and marginalized groups, while benefitting comparatively powerful groups. Normative recommendations relating to the “rule of law” are discussed.