bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiographic Location Does Not Ensure a Precise Anatomic Location of the Femoral Fixation Site in Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Sanchis-Alfonso Vicente , Ramírez-Fuentes Cristina , Montesinos-Berry Erik , Elía Isabel , Martí-Bonmatí Luis 
Published: November 2017

Background: A frequently used method to determine the anatomic femoral fixation point in the operating room during medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction is the radiographic method. However, the ability of this radiological method to establish an anatomic femoral attachment point might not be as accurate as expected. Purpose: (1) To evaluate the accuracy of the radiological method to locate the anatomic femoral fixation point in MPFL reconstruction surgery and (2) to determine the factors influencing the predictability of this method to obtain this objective. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 100 consecutive 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) knee examinations were performed at 0° of extension in 87 patients treated for chronic lateral patellar instability. For each knee, 2 virtual 7 mm–diameter femoral tunnels were created: 1 using the adductor tubercle as a landmark (anatomic tunnel) and the other according to the radiological method described by Schöttle et al (radiographic tunnel). We measured the percentage of overlap between both tunnels. Moreover, of the 100 included knees, 10 were randomly selected for a variability study. Results: Considering an overlap area greater than 50% as reasonable, the radiographic method achieved this in only 38 of the 100 knees. Intrarater and interrater reliability were excellent. There was a trend for female patients with severe trochlear dysplasia to have less overlap. This model accounted for 64.2% of the initial variability in the data. Conclusion: An exact anatomic femoral tunnel placement could not be achieved with the radiographic method. Radiography provided only an approximation and should not be the sole basis for the femoral attachment location. Moreover, in female patients with severe trochlear dysplasia, the radiographic method was less accurate in determining the anatomic femoral fixation point, although differences were not statistically significant.
Time to revise our dialogue: how flat is the paediatric flatfoot?
Authors: Morrison Stewart C. , McClymont Juliet , Price Carina , Nester Chris 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA recent systematic review of measures of foot development used the medial longitudinal arch profile as its primary indicator of development. A comparative analysis of existing studies was undertaken. This work confirmed changes with arch profile were age‐dependent, although the age at which foot development ceased remains unknown. This work also highlighted the abundance of clinical measures used in existing research and outlined the challenges with drawing consensus from available data. There is a clear need to move this debate forward and, to do so, it is essential that scientific and clinical communities unite. It is time to abandon ill‐defined measures of foot position, look beyond the medial longitudinal arch as a sole parameter of foot development and re‐focus our perspective(s) on the paediatric foot in order to make advances with clinical practice and research.
Testing the effectiveness of a motivational interviewing-based brief intervention for substance use as an adjunct to usual care in community-based AIDS service organizations: study protocol for a multisite randomized controlled trial
Authors: Garner Bryan R. , Gotham Heather J. , Tueller Stephen J. , Ball Elizabeth L. , Kaiser David , Stilen Patricia , Speck Kathryn , Vandersloot Denna , Rieckmann Traci R. , Chaple Michael , Martin Erika G. , Martino Steve 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Background
In 2010, the first comprehensive National HIV/AIDS Strategy for the United States was released and included three goals: (1) reducing the number of people who become infected with HIV, (2) increasing access to care and improving health outcomes for people living with HIV, and (3) reducing HIV-related health disparities and health inequities. In 2013, as part of its effort to help address the National HIV/AIDS Strategy, the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) funded a type 2 effectiveness-implementation hybrid trial titled the Substance Abuse Treatment to HIV Care (SAT2HIV) Project. Aim 1 of the SAT2HIV Project tests the effectiveness of a motivational interviewing-based brief intervention (MIBI) for substance use as an adjunct to usual care within AIDS Service Organizations (ASOs) as part of its MIBI Experiment. Aim 2 of the SAT2HIV Project tests the effectiveness of implementation and sustainment facilitation (ISF) as an adjunct to the Addiction Technology Transfer Center (ATTC) model for training staff in motivational interviewing as part of its ISF Experiment. The current paper describes the study protocol for the MIBI Experiment.

Methods
As part of a multisite randomized controlled trial, individuals with comorbid HIV/AIDS and problematic substance use are randomized to receive either the ASOs’ usual care (control condition) or usual care plus a MIBI for substance use (experimental condition) delivered by trained ASO case-management staff. Primary outcome measures are reductions in days of primary substance use, number of substance-related problems, times engaging in risky behaviors, days of non-adherence to HIV medications, and increases in substance use treatment. As part of this paper, we describe the trial protocol in accordance with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials guidelines.

Discussion
If successfully able to implement MIBI as an effective adjunct to usual care, the current trial may have a significant impact on increasing the capacity of ASOs to address problematic substance use among individuals living with HIV/AIDS. Reducing the prevalence of problematic substance use among individuals living with HIV/AIDS within the United States may lead to significant improvements on key performance measures (i.e., the HIV Care Continuum and the 90-90-90 target).
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02495402
A novel role for sox7 in Xenopus early primordial germ cell development: mining the PGC transcriptome
Authors: Butler Amanda M. , Owens Dawn A. , Wang Lingyu , King Mary Lou 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT
Xenopus primordial germ cells (PGCs) are determined by the presence of maternally derived germ plasm. Germ plasm components both protect PGCs from somatic differentiation and begin a unique gene expression program. Segregation of the germline from the endodermal lineage occurs during gastrulation, and PGCs subsequently initiate zygotic transcription. However, the gene network(s) that operate to both preserve and promote germline differentiation are poorly understood. Here, we utilized RNA-sequencing analysis to comprehensively interrogate PGC and neighboring endoderm cell mRNAs after lineage segregation. We identified 1865 transcripts enriched in PGCs compared with endoderm cells. We next compared the PGC-enriched transcripts with previously identified maternal, vegetally enriched transcripts and found that ∼38% of maternal transcripts were enriched in PGCs, including sox7. PGC-directed sox7 knockdown and overexpression studies revealed an early requirement for sox7 in germ plasm localization, zygotic transcription and PGC number. We identified pou5f3.3 as the most highly expressed and enriched POU5F1 homolog in PGCs. We compared the Xenopus PGC transcriptome with human PGC transcripts and showed that 80% of genes are conserved, underscoring the potential usefulness of Xenopus for understanding human germline specification.
The Drosophila junctophilin gene is functionally equivalent to its four mammalian counterparts and is a modifier of a Huntingtin poly-Q expansion and the Notch pathway
Authors: Calpena Eduardo , López del Amo Víctor , Chakraborty Mouli , Llamusí Beatriz , Artero Rubén , Espinós Carmen , Galindo Máximo I. 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT
Members of the Junctophilin (JPH) protein family have emerged as key actors in all excitable cells, with crucial implications for human pathophysiology. In mammals, this family consists of four members (JPH1-JPH4) that are differentially expressed throughout excitable cells. The analysis of knockout mice lacking JPH subtypes has demonstrated their essential contribution to physiological functions in skeletal and cardiac muscles and in neurons. Moreover, mutations in the human JPH2 gene are associated with hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies; mutations in JPH3 are responsible for the neurodegenerative Huntington's disease-like-2 (HDL2), whereas JPH1 acts as a genetic modifier in Charcot–Marie–Tooth 2K peripheral neuropathy. Drosophila melanogaster has a single junctophilin (jp) gene, as is the case in all invertebrates, which might retain equivalent functions of the four homologous JPH genes present in mammalian genomes. Therefore, owing to the lack of putatively redundant genes, a jp Drosophila model could provide an excellent platform to model the Junctophilin-related diseases, to discover the ancestral functions of the JPH proteins and to reveal new pathways. By up- and downregulation of Jp in a tissue-specific manner in Drosophila, we show that altering its levels of expression produces a phenotypic spectrum characterized by muscular deficits, dilated cardiomyopathy and neuronal alterations. Importantly, our study has demonstrated that Jp modifies the neuronal degeneration in a Drosophila model of Huntington's disease, and it has allowed us to uncover an unsuspected functional relationship with the Notch pathway. Therefore, this Drosophila model has revealed new aspects of Junctophilin function that can be relevant for the disease mechanisms of their human counterparts.
TGF-β induces oncofetal fibronectin that, in turn, modulates TGF-β superfamily signaling in endothelial cells
Authors: Ventura Elisa , Weller Michael , Macnair Will , Eschbach Katja , Beisel Christian , Cordazzo Cinzia , Claassen Manfred , Zardi Luciano , Burghardt Isabel 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT
Gene splicing profiles are frequently altered in cancer, and the splice variants of fibronectin (FN) that contain the extra-domains A (EDA) or B (EDB), referred to as EDA+FN or EDB+FN, are highly upregulated in tumor vasculature. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling has been attributed a pivotal role in glioblastoma, with TGF-β promoting angiogenesis and vessel remodeling. By using immunohistochemistry staining, we observed that the oncofetal FN isoforms EDA+FN and EDB+FN are expressed in glioblastoma vasculature. Ex vivo single-cell gene expression profiling of tumors by using CD31 and α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) as markers for endothelial cells, and pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), respectively, confirmed the predominant expression of FN, EDA+FN and EDB+FN in the vascular compartment of glioblastoma. Specifically, within the CD31-positive cell population, we identified a positive correlation between the expression of EDA+FN and EDB+FN, and of molecules associated with TGF-β signaling. Further, TGF-β induced EDA+FN and EDB+FN in human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells and glioblastoma-derived endothelial cells in a SMAD3- and SMAD4-dependent manner. In turn, we found that FN modulated TGF-β superfamily signaling in endothelial cells via the EDA and EDB, pointing towards a bidirectional influence of oncofetal FN and TGF-β superfamily signaling.
The analysis of synovial fluid in total knee arthroplasties with flexion instability
Authors: Hernandez N. M. , Taunton M. J. , Perry K. I. , Mara K. C. , Hanssen A. D. , Abdel M. P. 
Published: November 2017

AimsPatients with flexion instability after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) often present with a recurrent effusion, which may be a haemarthrosis. While the radiographic factors contributing to flexion instability have been elucidated, the clinical diagnosis remains challenging. Our aim, in this study, was to determine the mean white cell count and differential profile in pre-operative aspirations of synovial fluid in a consecutive series of patients undergoing revision TKA for flexion instability.Patients and MethodsBetween 2000 and 2010, 60 patients undergoing aseptic revision TKA for flexion instability were identified. The results of the pre-operative aspiration of synovial fluid were available for 53 patients (88%). These patients were 1:2 matched to 106 patients who underwent aseptic TKA for indications other than flexion instability. The mean age of the patients at revision TKA was 65 years (44 to 82) and 55% were women. The mean follow-up was 4.3 years (2 to 10.2).ResultsIn the flexion instability group, the median total cell count was 312 cells/µL (interquartile range (IQR) 104 to 624), with a mean distribution of 45% macrophages (2% to 90%), 30% lymphocytes (1% to 69%), 18% neutrophils (0% to 80%), 0.5% eosinophils (0% to 6%) and 7% other cells (0% to 42%; mainly synovial cells). There was no significant difference in the median total cell count (p = 0.14) or mean distribution of macrophages (p = 0.42), lymphocytes (p = 0.38), neutrophils (p = 0.19) and eosinophils (p = 0.89) between the flexion instability and control groups. There was a significant difference in the percentage of bloody serosanguineous aspirations which was 58% in the flexion instability group and 18% in the control group (odds ratio = 6.5; p = 0.0001).ConclusionsIn the group of patients who underwent revision TKA for flexion instability, most had a mean cell count and differential similar to those who underwent revision for other aseptic indications. However, bloody serosanguineous aspirations were 6.5 times more common in those with flexion instability confirming that many of the recurrent effusions seen in this condition are haemarthroses. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1477–81.
Metabolic Effects of Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Sinclair Piriyah , Docherty Neil , le Roux Carel W 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Obesity can be defined as a chronic subcortical brain disease, as there is an important neurophysiological component to its etiology based on changes in the functioning of those areas of the brain controlling food intake and reward. Extensive metabolic changes accompany bariatric surgery-based treatment of obesity. Consequently, the term “metabolic” surgery is being increasingly adopted in relation to the beneficial effects these procedures have on chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes.

CONTENT
In the present review, we focus on the key biochemical and physiological changes induced by metabolic surgery and highlight the beneficial effects accrued systemically with the use of an organ-based approach. Understanding the impact on and interactions between the gut, brain, adipose tissue, liver, muscle, pancreas, and kidney is key to understanding the sum of the metabolic effects of these operations.

SUMMARY
Further mechanistic studies are essential to assess the true potential of metabolic surgery to treat metabolic comorbidities of obesity beyond type 2 diabetes. Approaches that may mitigate the metabolic side effects of surgery also require attention. Understanding the positive impact of metabolic surgery on metabolic health may result in a wider acceptance of this intervention as treatment for metabolic, comorbid conditions.
Overlap coefficients based on Kullback-Leibler divergence: Exponential populations case
Authors: Dhaker Hamza , Ngom Papa , Mbodj Malick 
Published: November 2017

This article is devoted to the study of overlap measures of densities of two exponential populations. Various Overlapping Coefficients, namely: Matusita’s measure ρ, Morisita’s measure λ and Weitzman’s measure ∆. A new overlap measure Λ based on Kullback-Leibler measure is proposed. The invariance property and a method of statistical inference of these coefficients also are presented. Taylor series approximation are used to construct confidence intervals for the overlap measures. The bias and mean square error properties of the estimators are studied through a simulation study.
Modeling search movements of an insect's front leg
Authors: Tóth Tibor I. , Berg Eva , Daun Silvia 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBeside locomotion, search movements are another important type of motor activity of insects. They are very often performed by the front legs of the animals. They consist of cyclic stereotypical leg movements that can be modified by sensory signals. The details of the local organization of these movements have however not yet been studied. In this paper, we, using an appropriate variant of our existing one‐leg model, present a scheme of how these searching movements might be organized and performed on the level of local neuromuscular control networks. In the simulations with the model, we attempted to mimic the experimental results by Berg et al. (J. Exp. Biol. 216:1064–1074, 2013) in which an obstacle was put in the way of the search movements of the front leg for a very short while, and then the recovery to the usual search movements was observed and analyzed. Our simulation results suggest that the recruitment of the fast levator and depressor muscles play a crucial part in resuming the search movements after removal of the obstacle. The interplay between the levator and depressor, and the extensor and flexor local control networks can, according to the model, bring about a large variety of search movements upon removal of the obstacle. A number of these movements are comparable with those seen in the experiments.
Effect of some factors on championship results and performance in Hucul horses
Authors: Topczewska Jadwiga , Krupa Wanda 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The objective of the study was to determine the effects of some factors on the breeding and performance championship results of Hucul horses. The study material were results of the national finals of the breeding and performance championships for Hucul horses held during 2009-2015. These included breeding champion, the Hucul path as well as the endurance-condition tests. The one-way ANOVA and GLM procedure (multivariate ANOVA with interaction effects) were employed to estimate the impact of the analysed variables on the results of the breeding and performance assessment. The current results were, for the Hucul path and endurance-condition tests, significantly lower than for 2013. Individuals that were held in the foothills and mountain areas attained significantly higher scores at the breeding and performance championships. Strong impacts of breeding environment on levels of inbreeding were only observed in cases where the scores in respect of horse movement were at walk (η2
p=0.13; P=0.04), trot (η2
p=0.17; P=0.003) and the results for Hucul path (η2
p=0.18, P=0.002). By far the strongest impact on the assessment for type (η2
p=0.36, P=0.000) and conformation (η2
p=0.32, P=0.006) was exercised by the interaction of age with male line and breeding environment, but in case of rating for movement at walk and trot, it was for the interaction of age with inbreeding and the breeding environment, namely η2
p=0.31, P=0.04; η2
p=0.33, P=0.01 respectively. Dependencies between components of assessment for Hucul horses were correlated at low and medium levels.
Some results on pseudo-Q algebras
Authors: Rezaei Akbar , Saeid Arsham Borumand , Walendziak Andrzej 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The notions of a dual pseudo-Q algebra and a dual pseudo-QC algebra are introduced. The properties and characterizations of them are investigated. Conditions for a dual pseudo-Q algebra to be a dual pseudo-QC algebra are given. Commutative dual pseudo-QC algebras are considered. The interrelationships between dual pseudo-Q/QC algebras and other pseudo algebras are visualized in a diagram.
Application of Knitting Structure Textiles in Medical Areas
Authors: Zhang Xiaohui , Ma Pibo 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
There are many kinds of medical textiles, such as woven textiles, non-woven textiles, braided textiles and knitted textiles. Non-woven medical textiles constitute more than 60% of the total medical textiles used, but are almost disposable ordinary medical textiles. While knitted fabrics forms a small part of the medical textiles, but are greatly applied in high-tech medical textiles, containing artificial blood vessels, hernia patches, cardiac support devices, knitted medical expandable metallic stents and tendon scaffolds. Knitting structures, including weft knitting structure and warp knitting structure. The knitted textiles are popular for their loose structure, greater flexibility, higher porosity, more flexible structure and better forming technology. The present article will introduce some knitting structures and materials applied in the medical textiles in accordance with non-implantable, implantable, extra-corporeal textiles and healthcare and hygiene products.
Exploring the sources and mechanisms of cognitive errors in medical diagnosis with associative memory models
Authors: Pomi Andrés 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Background:
One of the central challenges of third millennium medicine is the abatement of medical errors. Among the most frequent and hardiest causes of misdiagnosis are cognitive errors produced by faulty medical reasoning. These errors have been analyzed from the perspectives of cognitive psychology and empirical medical studies. We introduce a neurocognitive model of medical diagnosis to address this issue.

Methods:
We construct a connectionist model based on the associative nature of human memory to explore the non-analytical, pattern-recognition mode of diagnosis. A context-dependent matrix memory associates signs and symptoms with their corresponding diseases. The weights of these associations depend on the frequencies of occurrence of each disease and on the different combinations of signs and symptoms of each presentation of that disease. The system receives signs and symptoms and by a second input, the degree of diagnostic uncertainty. Its output is a probabilistic map on the set of possible diseases.

Results:
The model reproduces different kinds of well-known cognitive errors in diagnosis. Errors in the model come from two sources. One, dependent on the knowledge stored in memory, varies with the accumulated experience of the physician and explains age-dependent errors and effects such as epidemiological masking. The other is independent of experience and explains contextual effects such as anchoring.

Conclusions:
Our results strongly suggest that cognitive biases are inevitable consequences of associative storage and recall. We found that this model provides valuable insight into the mechanisms of cognitive error and we hope it will prove useful in medical education.
Characteristics of Dispersion Compensation for 32 Channels at 40 Gb/s Under Different Techniques
Authors: Tahhan Shaymaa Riyadh , Ali Mudhafar Hussein , Abass Abdulla Khudhiar 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this study, a simulation analysis of 40-Gb/s long-haul (120 km) dense wavelength-division multiplexer system (DWDM) of 32 channels with 50 GHz spacing is conducted for duobinary return-to-zero modulation formats. Pre- and post-dispersion compensation schemes utilizing dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) are analyzed to compare these schemes at high bit rate. Quality factor (Q) and bit error rate (BER) values are used to measure the response of the system as a function of input power for both compensation schemes. The pre-FBG scheme shows a better performance in terms of Q-factor that reached 11.5 at 0 dBm input signal power.
Crystal structure of (μ
2-N,N′-bis((pyridin-4-yl)methyl)ethanediamide-κ2
N:N′)-tetrakis(diethylcarbamodithioato-κ2
S,S′)dizinc(II), C34H54N8O2S8Zn2
Authors: Arman Hadi D. , Poplaukhin Pavel , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
C34H54N8O2S8Zn2, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 20.192(7) Å, b = 16.448(5) Å, c = 14.150(5) Å, β = 102.368(8)°, V = 4590(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.052, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.123, T = 98 K.