bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE RELIGION, TAXONOMIES AND 19TH CENTURY PHILOSOPHIES OF SCIENCE: CHANTEPIE DE LA SAUSSAYE AND TIELE
Authors: Ryba Thomas 
Published: July 2002

AbstractIt has been generally recognized that an important influence on the development of early phenomenologies of religion was Hegel. It is the purpose of this paper to provide a deep reading of the phenomenologies of C.P. Tiele and P.D. Chantepie de la Saussaye in order to demonstrate the extent of Hegel's influence on their thought. This demonstration proceeds deconstructively (in the Heideggerian, not the Derridean, sense) to establish (a) the questionability of each thinker's claim to represent a unitary science of religion and to show (b) the oppositions between the respective notions of taxonomy and the notions of science of religion. The paper concludes by suggesting that although both thinkers may have appropriated some Hegelian evolutionary elements, their respective conceptions of science were also influenced by the "received" view that lay behind the writings of scientific phenomenologists such as Robison, Hamilton and Whewell.
DIE REVISION DES EDOMBILDES IN NUMERI XX 14-21
Authors: Oswald Wolfgang 
Published: July 2002

AbstractNum. xx 14-21 berichtet in komprimierter Weise von der Begegnung Israels mit Edom. Israel bittet Edom um die Erlaubnis zum Durchzug. Um der Bitte Nachdruck zu verleihen, spricht Israel Edom als Bruder an, stellt sich als hilfsbedürftig dar und betont mehrfach die eigene Friedfertigkeit. Trotzdem weist Edom das Ansinnen zurück und rückt gegen Israel vor. In Dtn. xxiii 2-9 werden Moab und Ammon von der Möglichkeit ausgeschlossen, in die Versammlung Yhwhs aufgenommen zu werden. Als Begründung wird genannt, sie seien den Israeliten nicht mit Brot und Wasser entgegengekommen, als sie aus Ägypten gezogen kamen. Von Edom wird dies nicht gesagt, weshalb Edomiter in der dritten Generation aufgenommen werden dürfen. Liest man Num. xx 14-21 in dieser Perspektive, ergibt sich eine massive Revision des Edombildes. Edom hat sich ebenso wie Moab und Ammon unsolidarisch verhalten und verdient daher ebenso wenig wie diese eine Aufnahme in die Versammlung Yhwhs.
GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION IN BLUE TIT SONG, THE RESULT OF AN ADJUSTMENT TO VEGETATION TYPE?
Authors: Doutrelant Claire , Leitao Albertine , Giorgi Maud , Lambrechts Marcel 
Published: July 2002

AbstractIn birds, trill syntax (a trill is a long series of rapidly repeated identical notes) degrades more rapidly by dense vegetation than do syntax with wider spaced notes. Thus, selection might lead to avoidance of trill in dense vegetation. Blue tits (Parus caeruleus) show much geographical variation in the proportion of songs with and without trill and occupy two main types of vegetation while singing, i.e. open broad-leaved deciduous woodland before leaf development and closed evergreen woodland. Blue tit songs with trill are more common in open habitats. We hypothesised that blue tit songs with trill are sung less frequently in dense vegetation because they reduce the efficiency of communication in these types of vegetation. We degraded blue tit songs with and without trill in dense vegetation. To test if degraded songs with trill are less efficient in communication than degraded songs without trill, we presented territorial blue tits to these degraded and undegraded songs and quantified blue tits' territorial responses. Tests were carried out in two blue tit study populations situated in deciduous woodlands where individuals produce both songs with trill and without trill. Undegraded songs provoked stronger responses than degraded songs. Degraded songs with and without trill induced similar responses. These results suggest that, in dense vegetation, songs with trill are as efficient in communication in adults than songs without trill, perhaps because songs without trill degrade in a different way than do songs with trill.
Nematodes of the order Dorylaimida from Andalucía Oriental, Spain. The genus Mesodorylaimus Andrássy, 1959. III. On the identity of M. bastiani (Bütschli, 1873) Andrássy, 1959
Authors: Abolafia Joaquín , Loof Pieter A.A. , Santiago Reyes Peña 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe morphology and intraspecific variability of the nematode species Mesodorylaimus bastiani (Bütschli, 1873) Andrássy, 1959 are described. In addition to type specimens, material has been examined from ten localities in south-eastern Spain and three localities in Belgium and The Netherlands. Detailed descriptions, tables of measurements and ratios, and illustrations are included. A revised diagnosis of the species is presented, being characterised by its medium sized body (L = 1.30-1.80 mm), lip region diam. 11-14 μ m and continuous or offset by a weak depression, odontostyle 13.5-16.5 μ m, V = 48-56, pars refringens vaginae with two quite close sclerotisations, female tail elongated and consisting of a conical part followed by a slender portion which tapers to an acute or finely rounded tip (75-100 μ m, c = 14-23, c′ = 3.0-4.0), spicules 39-52 μ m and eight to 11 spaced ventromedian supplements. Previous records of the species are critically discussed. Nématodes de l'ordre des Dorylaimida provenant d'Andalousie orientale, Espagne. Le genre Mesodorylaimus Andrássy, 1959. III. Sur l'identité de M. bastiani (Bütschli, 1873) Andrássy, 1959 – La morphologie et la variabilité intraspécifique chez le nématode Mesodorylaimus bastiani (Bütschli, 1873) Andrássy, 1959 sont décrites. En plus des spécimens types, a été étudié du matériel provenant de dix localités d'Espagne du sud-est et de trois localités de Belgique et des Pays Bas. Sont inclus des descriptions détaillées, des tableaux de mensurations et rapports et des illustrations. Est présentée une diagnose révisée de l'espèce qui se caractérise par: longueur moyenne du corps (L = 1.30-1.80 mm), diamètre de la région labiale de 11-14 μ m, continue ou légèrement séparée du reste du corps par une légère dépression, odontostyle long de 13,5-16,5 μ m, V = 48-56, pars refringens vaginae avec deux sclérotisations assez rapprochées, queue (femelle) allongée, la portion antérieure conique suivie par une portion plus étroite et se terminant en une extrémité pointue ou finement arrondie (75-100 μ m, c = 14-23, c′ = 3,0-4,0), des spicules long de 39-52 μ m et huit à 11 suppléments ventromédians espacés. Les signalisations antérieures de l'espèce sont discutées de manière critique.
Analysis of genes expressed in second stage juveniles of the potato cyst nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida using the expressed sequence tag approach
Authors: Popeijus Herman , Blok Vivian , Cardle Linda , Bakker Erin , Phillips Mark , Helder Johannes , Smant Geert , Jones John 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Expressed sequence tag (EST) projects offer a rapid route to the discovery of
novel genes. Genes expressed in a wide range of parasitic nematodes of
medical or veterinary importance have been investigated using EST analysis
but these techniques have not yet been applied to plant parasitic nematodes.
We describe a small scale EST project using cDNA libraries made from the two
species of potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida, and
assess the utility of this approach to identify mRNAs encoding abundantly
expressed secreted proteins and other proteins present in the nematode at
the onset of parasitism. Approximately 1000 sequences were obtained from G.
rostochiensis and 100 from G. pallida. A variety of genes was characterised
and approximately 11% of the cDNAs sequenced were apparently PCN specific.
Secreted proteins identified included a novel PCN homologue of chorismate
mutase, a cDNA recently cloned from the gland cells of Meloidogyne javanica.
The results obtained justify a much larger scale application of this
technology to these parasites. Utilisation de L'Expressed Sequence Tag pour
l'analyse de gènes s'exprimant chez les juvéniles de deuxième stade des
nématodes à kyste de la pomme de terre Globodera rostochiensis et G. pallida
- l'Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) ouvre une voie rapide vers la découverte de
nouveaux gènes. Des gènes s'exprimant chez un large éventail de nématodes
parasites d'importance médicale ou vétérinaire ont été étudiés par analyse
EST alors que cette technique n'a pas encore été appliquée aux nématodes
phytoparasites. Nous décrivons ici un projet EST à petite échelle utilisant
les banques d'ADNc constituées à partir de deux espèces de nématodes à kyste
de la pomme de terre (PCN), Globodera rostochiensis et G. pallida et nous
évaluons l'utilité de cette approche pour identifier les ARNs codant les
protéines abondamment sécrétées - et les autres protéines - présentes chez
les nématodes lors de l'attaque parasitaire. Mille séquences environ ont été
obtenues chez G. rostochiensis et 100 chez G. pallida. Des gènes variés ont
été caractérisés et environ 11% des ADNc séquencés sont apparemment
spécifiques des PCN. Parmi les protéines sécrétées identifiées figurent un
nouvel homologue PCN de la chorismate mutase ainsi qu'un ADNc récemment
cloné à partir de cellules glandulaires de Meloidogyne javanica. Les
résultats ainsi obtenus justifient une utilisation à plus grande échelle de
l'EST pour l'étude de ces parasites.
Hot-spring and supergene lanthanide mineralization at the Buru carbonatite centre, Western Kenya
Authors: Onuonga I. O. , Bowden P. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe Tertiary (22 Ma) carbonatite centre at Buru hill is located towards the eastern end of the Nyanza rift, western Kenya. As revealed by geochemistry and petrology of drill core samples, the Buru centre ranges in composition from surficial lateritized pyroclastic ferrocarbonatite to recrystallized ferruginous calciocarbonatite at depth.Mineralogically the lateritic cover of the Buru carbonatite centre is characterized by goethite, hematite, psilomelane, baryte, fluorite with minor calcite, bastnäsite and significant amounts of monazite. A transitional middle zone consists of ferrocarbonatite grading into ferruginous calciocarbonatite containing siderite, baryte and fluorite, a greater proportion of bastnäsite replacing calcite, but lesser proportions of monazite. The lowermost zone consists of ferruginous calciocarbonatite containing intimate mixtures of siderite and calcite, with parisite and synchysite existing as major replacive components of calcite down to depths of 200 m. Synchysite appears to be the more stable form of lanthanide fluorcarbonate at depths below 150 m.Oxygen isotope measurements on separated calcite concentrates from three of the Buru drill cores reveal significant deviations from primary igneous carbonatite values suggesting isotopic re-equilibration with meteoric water. Accepting that the African plate may have been stationery during the past 30 Ma, it is possible to use a modern sample of water from the Kenya rift to estimate the equilibration temperature at which Buru carbonatite in western Kenya has recrystallized. Temperatures of ∼60 to 90°C suggest that the hot-spring activity encouraged the formation of replacive lanthanide fluorcarbonate in ferruginous calciocarbonatite. Lanthanide enrichment also occurred closer to the surface within the pyroclastic ferrocarbonatite at temperatures of ∼40 to 60°C corresponding to waning stages of hot-spring activity. Further lanthanide enrichment redistribution and oxide formation occurred at surface supergene temperatures of ∼20 to 30°C forming the lateritized top of the carbonatite.The wider implications from these carbonatite studies are the recognition that lanthanide enrichment can be preserved in volcanic-subvolcanic centres, and that lanthanide fluorcarbonates can replace calcite in response to circulating hot-spring waters. From a classification point of view, ferrocarbonatites should be seen as products of meteoric hydrothermal systems unrelated to carbonatite magmatic processes
The formation-dissolution-precipitation cycle of melanterite at the abandoned pyrite mine of Genna Luas in Sardinia, Italy: environmental implications
Authors: Frau F. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAt the abandoned pyrite mine at Genna Luas (Sardinia, Italy), melanterite is the most environmentally important secondary phase associated with pyrite oxidation. A complete cycle, including formation on pyrite surface, dissolution in water, precipitation from water and subsequent alteration, can be observed. The oxidation of pyrite to melanterite is related mainly to the ‘intrinsic’ features of the Genna Luas pyrite, such as its cryptocrystalline pseudo-colloidal texture. During melanterite formation on pyrite there is transient storage of Fe2+, SO42- and acidity. This is controlled mainly by wetting-drying seasonal cycles. Laboratory experiments have shown that the simple dissolution of melanterite is an acidity-generating process which affects the geochemistry of water and, indirectly, contributes to the supply of the Fe3+ required for the aqueous oxidation of pyrite. According to this geochemical model, the interaction between rainwaters and ground pyritic materials accumulated in heaps generates hyperacidic saline waters (pH = 0.6; TDS = 300 g/l) with very high SO42+ contents (203 g/l), Fe2+ contents (73 g/l), Zn contents (11 g/l), and numerous potentially toxic elements. Melanterite precipitates from these waters (SIMelanterite = 0.15, calculated using PHRQPITZ software), giving rise to attractive emerald green crystal aggregates which, when exposed to air, alter to a fine white powder composed mainly of melanterite, and minor amounts of rozenite and szomolnokite.
Cessation of intensive treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin is followed by secondary anemia
Authors: Piron Maude , Loo Martine , Gothot André , Tassin Françoise , Fillet Georges , Beguin Yves 
Published: July 2002

AbstractLittle information is available on the evolution of erythropoiesis after interruption of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) therapy. Iron-overloaded rats received 20 daily injections of rHuEpo. During treatment, reticulocytes, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), and hematocrit increased progressively. This was accompanied by a substantial expansion of spleen erythropoiesis but a decrease in the bone marrow. Five weeks after treatment, rats developed a significant degree of aregenerative anemia. Erythropoietic activity, as assessed by reticulocytes, sTfR, erythroid cellularity, iron incorporation into heme, and the number of erythroid colonies, was severely depressed 3 weeks after cessation of rHuEpo. This was followed by regeneration of erythroblasts and reticulocytes at weeks 6 to 7 post-Epo, but erythroid progenitors recovered only partially by that time. The anemia was definitely corrected 2 months after cessation of rHuEpo treatment. Serum Epo levels remained elevated for several weeks, but the sensitivity of marrow erythroid precursors to Epo was preserved. No rat antibodies to rHuEpo were detected, and serum from post-Epo animals did not exert any inhibitory activity on erythropoiesis. In conclusion, after cessation of intensive rHuEpo therapy, there was a strong inhibition of erythropoietic activity with secondary anemia followed by late recovery. This was not due to antibodies or other soluble inhibitory factors, a defect in endogenous Epo production, or a loss of sensitivity to Epo. This may rather represent intrinsic erythroid marrow exhaustion, mostly at the level of erythroid progenitors but also at later stages of erythropoiesis.
In vitro migratory capacity of CD34+ cells is related to hematopoietic recovery after autologous stem cell transplantation
Authors: Voermans Carlijn , Kooi Marisha L. K. , Rodenhuis Sjoerd , van der Lelie Hans , van der Schoot C. Ellen , Gerritsen Winald R. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractTo investigate whether the migratory ability of peripheral blood-derived CD34+ cells of patients undergoing autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation is related to the homing efficiency of these cells, the migration in vitro of these cells was determined and correlated with in vivo hematopoietic recovery. Large inter-individual differences of the in vitro migratory ability of the CD34+ cells were observed, ranging from 1.1% to 16.4% for spontaneous migration and 6.2% to 40.8% for SDF-1–induced (100 ng/mL) migration. Significantly faster hematologic recovery was observed in those patients who received transplanted CD34+cells that showed high spontaneous and SDF-1–induced migration in vitro (P &lt; .05). Moreover, CD34+ cells from healthy G-CSF–mobilized donors exhibited significantly higher spontaneous and SDF-1–induced (P &lt; .01) migration than CD34+ cells from patients mobilized with chemotherapy and G-CSF. The lower migratory capacity in vitro of patient-derived CD34+ cells was not due to lower expression of CXCR-4 but probably reflected decreased motogenic behavior of the cells. These results indicate that the migratory capacity of the cells is important for hematopoietic recovery. The data suggest that the engraftment potential of autologous stem cells is more or less impaired by treatment before or during the mobilization procedure and might possibly be restored by in vitro manipulation of the cells. In addition, an exponential relation between CXCR-4 expression and number of CD34+ cells that mobilized to the peripheral blood was found (P &lt; .001), suggesting that CXCR-4 expression plays a role in the mobilization of CD34+ cells.
Stomatin, flotillin-1, and flotillin-2 are major integral proteins of erythrocyte lipid rafts
Authors: Salzer Ulrich , Prohaska Rainer 
Published: July 2002

AbstractLipid rafts are sphingolipid- and cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains that are insoluble in nonionic detergents, have a low buoyant density, and preferentially contain lipid-modified proteins, like glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins. The lipid rafts were isolated from human erythrocytes and major protein components were identified. Apart from the GPI-anchored proteins, the most abundant integral proteins were found to be the distantly related membrane proteins stomatin (band 7.2b), flotillin-1, and flotillin-2. Flotillins, already described as lipid raft components in neurons and caveolae-associated proteins in A498 kidney cells, have not been recognized as red cell components yet. In addition, it was shown that the major cytoskeletal proteins, spectrin, actin, band 4.1, and band 4.2, are partly associated with the lipid rafts. Stomatin and the flotillins are present as independently organized high-order oligomers, suggesting that these complexes act as separate scaffolding components at the cytoplasmic face of erythrocyte lipid rafts.
Methylation profiling in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Toyota Minoru , Kopecky Kenneth J. , Toyota Mutsumi-Ohe , Jair Kam-Wing , Willman Cheryl L. , Issa Jean-Pierre J. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAberrant methylation of multiple CpG islands has been described in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but it is not known whether these are independent events or whether they reflect specific methylation defects in a subset of cases. To study this issue, the methylation status of 14 promoter-associated CpG islands was analyzed in 36 cases of AML previously characterized for estrogen-receptor methylation (ERM). Cases with methylation density of 10% or greater were considered positive. Seventeen cases (47%) were ERM+ while 19 cases were ERM−. Hypermethylation of any of the following,p15, p16, CACNA1G,MINT1, MINT2, MDR1,THBS1, and PTC1 (2 promoters), was relatively infrequent (6% to 31% of patients). For each of these CpG islands, the methylation density was positively correlated with ERM density (rank order correlation coefficients, 0.32-0.59; 2-tailedP ≤ .058 for each gene). Hypermethylation ofMYOD1, PITX2, GPR37, andSDC4 was frequently found in AML (47% to 64% of patients). For each of these genes as well, methylation density was positively correlated with ERM density (correlation coefficients 0.43 to 0.69, P ≤ .0087 for each gene). MLH1 was unmethylated in all cases. Hypermethylation of p15,MDR1, and SDC4 correlated with reduced levels of expression. There was an inverse correlation between age and the number of genes methylated (P = .0030). It was concluded that CpG-island methylation in AML results from methylation defects in subsets of cases. These results have potential implications for the classification and prognosis of AML and for the identification of patients who may benefit from treatment with methylation inhibitors.
CD8 T cells specific for human immunodeficiency virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and cytomegalovirus lack molecules for homing to lymphoid sites of infection
Authors: Chen Gang , Shankar Premlata , Lange Christoph , Valdez Hernan , Skolnik Paul R. , Wu Lijun , Manjunath N. , Lieberman Judy 
Published: July 2002

AbstractCD8 T cells are classified as naı̈ve, effector, or memory cells on the basis of CD45RA, CD62L, and CCR7 expression. Sequential engagement of cell-surface CD62L and CCR7 receptors is required for efficient trafficking to lymphoid tissue by means of high endothelial venules. Naı̈ve CD8 T cells are CCR7+CD62L+ CD45RA+, whereas long-term memory cells are CCR7+CD62L+CD45RA−. Effector cytotoxic T cells are thought to be CCR7−CD45RA+. The distribution of CD8 subsets and cytolytic protein expression in healthy donors and donors seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were compared. In HIV-infected subjects, CCR7− CD8 T cells expanded at the expense of naı̈ve and long-term memory cells. In both healthy donors and HIV-infected donors, CCR7+ CD8 T cells were uniformly negative for perforin. In all subsets, perforin and granzyme A were not coordinately expressed, with perforin expression being more tightly regulated. The properties of CD8 T cells specific for cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and HIV were studied by staining with major histocompatibility complex peptide tetramers. Antigen-specific cells for chronic infections with these viruses were uniformly CCR7− and predominantly CD62L−. In 2 HIV-seropositive donors, 3- to 4-fold fewer EBV-tetramer–positive cells were present in lymph nodes compared with blood. Antigen-specific CD8 T cells are therefore preferentially excluded from lymphoid sites, even when infection is primarily in lymphoid tissue. This may protect lymphoid tissues from immunopathological changes but compromise immune defense against viruses, such as HIV and EBV, that target lymphocytes. HIV-specific CD8 T cells do not express CD45RA, whereas EBV- and CMV-specific CD8 T cells are heterogeneous in CD45RA+expression. Lack of CD45RA expression may indicate incomplete differentiation of HIV-specific CD8 T cells to cytotoxic T cells.