bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Children of parents with BED have more eating behavior disturbance than children of parents with obesity or healthy weight
Authors: Lydecker Janet A. , Grilo Carlos M. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveA limited literature suggests an association between parental eating disorders and child eating‐disorder behaviors although this research has focused primarily on restrictive‐type eating disorders and very little is known about families with binge‐eating disorder (BED).MethodsThe current study focused on parents (N = 331; 103 fathers and 226 mothers), comparing parents with core features of BED (n = 63) to parents with obesity and no eating disorder (OB; n = 85) and parents with healthy‐weight and no eating disorder (HW; n = 183).ResultsParents with BED were significantly more likely than OB and HW parents to report child binge eating, and more likely than HW parents to report child overeating. Parents with BED felt greater responsibility for child feeding than OB parents, and felt more concern about their child's weight than OB and HW parents. Dietary restriction of the child by the parents was related to child binge eating, overeating, and child overweight, and parental group was related to child binge eating (parental BED), overeating (parental BED), and child weight (parental OB).DiscussionParents with BED report greater disturbance in their children's eating than OB and HW parents, and OB parents report higher child weight than HW parents. This suggests that it is important to consider both eating‐disorder psychopathology and obesity in clinical interventions and research. Our cross‐sectional findings, which require experimental and prospective confirmations, provide preliminary evidence suggesting potential factors in families with parental BED and obesity to address in treatment and prevention efforts for pediatric eating disorders and obesity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.(Int J Eat Disord 2017; 50:648–656)
Differences in analgesic use in community‐dwelling persons with and without Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Hamina A. , Taipale H. , Tanskanen A. , Tolppanen A.‐M. , Tiihonen J. , Hartikainen S. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundThere are conflicting findings about analgesic use among persons with cognitive impairment compared to cognitively intact older persons. The objective of our study was to investigate the prevalence of analgesic use in community‐dwelling persons with and without Alzheimer's disease (AD), within six months after AD diagnosis and to find out factors associated with the use of analgesics and specific analgesic groups.MethodWe utilized data from register based MEDALZ (Medication use and Alzheimer's disease) cohort consisting of all community‐dwelling persons diagnosed with AD during 2005–2011 in Finland and their matched comparison persons without AD. Altogether, 67,215 persons with AD and one comparison person for each case were included. Drug use data were collected from the Prescription Register and comorbidities from Special Reimbursement and Hospital Discharge Registers.ResultsStatistically significant (p < 0.001) yet mostly small differences were found for analgesics use: analgesics were used by 34.9% and 33.5% of persons with and without AD, respectively. Paracetamol was the most frequently used analgesic both among persons with (25.0%) and without AD (19.1%). Persons with AD used less frequently NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti‐inflammatory Drugs) (13.2% vs. 17.3%) and mild opioids (5.0% vs. 7.1%), while the use of strong opioids was more common in comparison to persons without AD (1.3% vs. 1.1%, respectively). Analgesic users were more likely women, aged ≥80 years, had asthma/COPD, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, hip fracture, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and lower socioeconomic position.ConclusionFurther studies are needed to evaluate the adequateness of pain relief in older persons with and without AD.SignificancePersons with Alzheimer's disease (AD) used more frequently paracetamol and less frequently NSAIDs and mild opioids. A decreasing trend of NSAID use was observed among persons with AD during the study period.
Predicting externalizing and prosocial behaviors in children from parental use of corporal punishment
Authors: Piché Geneviève , Huỳnh Christophe , Clément Marie‐Ève , Durrant Joan E. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis study examined whether parental corporal punishment (CP) was associated with children's externalizing and prosocial behaviors 2 years later. The potential moderating effects of child temperament, maternal depression, and parenting skills were explored. Also, exploratory analyses of these associations were conducted according to the children's gender. Data from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (n = 1,686 children) were analyzed using ordinary least‐squares regression models. CP at 41 months was associated with boys' and girls' physical aggression and conduct problems at age five. Positive parenting skills moderated boys' conduct problems in the absence of CP. Parenting skills and maternal depressive symptoms moderated girls' prosocial behaviors in the absence of CP. Early experiences of CP are associated with negative developmental outcomes 2 years later. The implementation of parenting programs targeting a reduction in CP is recommended.Highlights

Research question: Does spanking or hitting a child when he misbehaves influence children's externalizing and prosocial behaviors?
Data from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development were analyzed. Early spanking or hitting was associated with boys' and girls' physical aggression and conduct problems at age 5. Early experiences of spanking and hitting are associated with negative developmental outcomes.
The implementation of parenting programs targeting a reduction in these parenting practices is recommended.
Chitosan/nHAC/PLGA microsphere vehicle for sustained release of rhBMP‐2 and its derived synthetic oligopeptide for bone regeneration
Authors: Ji Yanhui , Wang Mingbo , Liu Weiqiang , Chen Changsheng , Cui Wei , Sun Tingfang , Feng Qingling , Guo Xiaodong 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBoth of the osteogenic factor and the suitable delivery system in bone tissue engineering are essential for bone regeneration. In this study, we manufactured two kinds of composite vehicles for sustained release of rhBMP‐2 and its derived synthetic oligopeptide (Peptide‐24, abbreviated as P24) for osteogenesis and bone defect repair. The composite vehicle was based on cross‐linked chitosan, nano‐hydroxyapatite/collagen (nHAC), and poly (lactide‐co‐glycolide) acid microsphere. The physicochemical properties of the composite vehicles (abbreviated as CS/nHAC/PLGA‐MS) were investigated. The rhBMP‐2 and P24 release kinetics from the vehicles were examined and the secondary structure of rhBMP‐2 and P24 after 28 days’ release process was analyzed. In vitro cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and rat calvarial defect repair were evaluated. The results proved that the composite vehicle had favorable compressive strength, elastic modulus, the porosity, and the bulk density. The secondary structures of rhBMP‐2 and P24 kept stability during microencapsulation and release process. P24 from the vehicle kept a geared‐up release and rhBMP‐2 from the vehicle kept a three‐stage mode release process. The results of in vitro cell detection showed that the composite vehicle had good biocompatibility and osteoinduction. In vivo rat calvarial defect repair demonstrated that both groups of vehicles with rhBMP2 and P24 exhibited satisfied bone defect repair. This research showed that the composite vehicle could exhibit sustained release of osteogenic factors. CS/nHAC/PLGA‐MS loading rhBMP‐2 or P24 could be a novel and ideal scaffold for bone regeneration. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 1593–1606, 2017.
Non‐auditory neurocognitive skills contribute to speech recognition in adults with cochlear implants
Authors: Moberly Aaron C. , Houston Derek M. , Castellanos Irina 
Published: November 2016

ObjectiveUnexplained variability in speech recognition outcomes among postlingually deafened adults with cochlear implants (CIs) is an enormous clinical and research barrier to progress. This variability is only partially explained by patient factors (e.g., duration of deafness) and auditory sensitivity (e.g., spectral and temporal resolution). This study sought to determine whether non‐auditory neurocognitive skills could explain speech recognition variability exhibited by adult CI users.Study DesignThirty postlingually deafened adults with CIs and thirty age‐matched normal‐hearing (NH) controls were enrolled.MethodsParticipants were assessed for recognition of words in sentences in noise and several non‐auditory measures of neurocognitive function. These non‐auditory tasks assessed global intelligence (problem‐solving), controlled fluency, working memory, and inhibition‐concentration abilities.ResultsFor CI users, faster response times during a non‐auditory task of inhibition‐concentration predicted better recognition of sentences in noise; however, similar effects were not evident for NH listeners.ConclusionsFindings from this study suggest that inhibition‐concentration skills play a role in speech recognition for CI users, but less so for NH listeners. Further research will be required to elucidate this role and its potential as a novel target for intervention.
A finite element method for light activated shape‐memory polymers
Authors: Hamel Craig M. , Cui Fangda , Chester Shawn A. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryShape‐memory polymers (SMPs) belong to a class of smart materials that have shown promise for a wide range of applications. They are characterized by their ability to maintain a temporary deformed shape and return to an original parent permanent shape. In this paper, we consider the coupled photomechanical behavior of light activated shape‐memory polymers (LASMPs), focusing on the numerical aspects for finite element simulations at the engineering scale. The photomechanical continuum framework is summarized, and some specific constitutive equations for LASMPs are described. Numerical implementation of the multiphysics governing partial differential equations takes the form of a user defined element subroutine within the commercial software package ABAQUS. We verify our two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional finite element procedure for multiple analytically tractable cases. To show the robustness of the numerical implementation, simulations are performed under various geometries and complex photomechanical loading. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ligand binding specificity of the Escherichia coli periplasmic histidine binding protein, HisJ
Authors: Paul Subrata , Banerjee Sambuddha , Vogel Hans J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe HisJ protein from Escherichia coli and related Gram negative bacteria is the periplasmic component of a bacterial ATP‐cassette (ABC) transporter system. Together these proteins form a transmembrane complex that can take up L‐histidine from the environment and translocate it into the cytosol. We have studied the specificity of HisJ for binding L‐His and many related naturally occurring compounds. Our data confirm that L‐His is the preferred ligand, but that 1‐methyl‐L‐His and 3‐methyl‐L‐His can also bind, while the dipeptide carnosine binds weakly and D‐histidine and the histidine degradation products, histamine, urocanic acid and imidazole do not bind. L‐Arg, homo‐L‐Arg, and post‐translationally modified methylated Arg‐analogs also bind with reasonable avidity, with the exception of symmetric dimethylated‐L‐Arg. In contrast, L‐Lys and L‐Orn have considerably weaker interactions with HisJ and methylated and acetylated Lys variants show relatively poor binding. It was also observed that the carboxylate group of these amino acids and their variants was very important for proper recognition of the ligand. Taken together our results are a key step towards designing HisJ as a specific protein‐based reagentless biosensor.
Spin‐orbit ab initio and density functional theory investigation of bismuth monoboronyl, BiBO
Authors: Moon Jiwon , Lim Jeong Sik , Kim Joonghan 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe molecular properties of bismuth monoboronyl, BiBO, were investigated using high‐level ab initio and density functional theory calculations by including the effect of spin‐orbit coupling (SOC). SOC does not cause any change in the BiB bond length of BiBO, by contrast it causes significant elongation of the BiB bond of BiBO−, by ∼0.03 Å. The BiB bond length of BiBO− that is calculated by considering SOC is almost identical to that of BiBO; this result is consistent with a recent experimental study. The term values of excited states of BiBO calculated by including SOC are in good agreement with the experimental results. One excited state which was not assigned in the previous experimental study is the Ω = 0+ state generated by strong SOC. In the theoretical calculations on molecules containing 6p‐block elements, including SOC is crucial for obtaining results that are consistent with the corresponding experimental results.
Hunter and landowner views on a peri‐urban deer‐hunting program
Authors: Siemer William F. , Decker Daniel J. , Stedman Richard C. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTWildlife agencies liberalize hunting seasons and bag limits to reduce white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) density in peri‐urban areas, often without knowing how hunters or private landowners will respond. To reduce deer density effectively, such programs must attract 1) hunters who are willing and able to harvest antlerless deer and 2) private landowners who are willing to permit needed hunter access. We assessed these conditions for a program in New York State, USA, that permitted participants to harvest 2 antlerless deer/day, over a 96‐day period, within a 20,530‐ha management unit. A mail survey (n = 683; 65% response) documented that participating hunters were interested in taking multiple antlerless deer, but few were able to do so. Moreover, the participant drop‐out rate was high between program years 1 and 2, primarily because many hunters could not gain access to land and fulfill their expectations about seeing and harvesting deer. Telephone interviews with a random sample of 100 (from a population of <800) area landowners with parcels >4 ha revealed that, despite their concerns about negative impacts of deer, few area landowners allowed additional hunters on their lands, often citing concerns about 1) interference with personal or family hunting activities or 2) the behavior of unknown hunters. We concluded that the program only minimally increased antlerless deer harvest, due in large part to limits on hunter access. Wildlife agencies need to understand hunters and landowners to create conditions necessary for local hunting programs to be effective tools to manage peri‐urban deer populations. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
Computational approaches for the identification of cancer genes and pathways
Authors: Dimitrakopoulos Christos M. , Beerenwinkel Niko 
Published: November 2016

High‐throughput DNA sequencing techniques enable large‐scale measurement of somatic mutations in tumors. Cancer genomics research aims at identifying all cancer‐related genes and solid interpretation of their contribution to cancer initiation and development. However, this venture is characterized by various challenges, such as the high number of neutral passenger mutations and the complexity of the biological networks affected by driver mutations. Based on biological pathway and network information, sophisticated computational methods have been developed to facilitate the detection of cancer driver mutations and pathways. They can be categorized into (1) methods using known pathways from public databases, (2) network‐based methods, and (3) methods learning cancer pathways de novo. Methods in the first two categories use and integrate different types of data, such as biological pathways, protein interaction networks, and gene expression measurements. The third category consists of de novo methods that detect combinatorial patterns of somatic mutations across tumor samples, such as mutual exclusivity and co‐occurrence. In this review, we discuss recent advances, current limitations, and future challenges of these approaches for detecting cancer genes and pathways. We also discuss the most important current resources of cancer‐related genes. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2017, 9:e1364. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1364This article is categorized under:

Analytical and Computational Methods > Computational Methods
Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine > Translational Medicine
Indigenous Networks and Evangelical Frontiers: Problems with Governance and Ethics in Cases of ‘Voluntary Isolation’ in Contemporary Amazonia
Authors: Brightman Marc , Grotti Vanessa 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe periodic emergence of indigenous peoples living in voluntary isolation in Amazonia have given rise to sensational media reports and heated academic debate. In this chapter we describe briefly the historical and contemporary relations between indigenous peoples in and out of isolation in the Guiana Shield region of North-eastern South America and discuss the role of indigenous missionaries in histories of contact. After considering these facts in relation to some of the general debates about isolated peoples and policy, we assess the ethical dimensions of the question of emergence from isolation.
Complete model-based equivalence class testing for nondeterministic systems
Authors: Huang Wen-ling , Peleska Jan 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

The main objective of this article is to present a complete finite black-box testing theory for non-deterministic Kripke structures with possibly infinite input domains, but finite domains for internal state variables and outputs. To this end, an abstraction from Kripke structures of this sub-domain to finite state machines is developed. It is shown that
every
complete black-box testing theory for (deterministic or nondeterministic) finite state machines in the range of this abstraction induces a complete black-box input equivalence class partition testing (IECPT) theory for the Kripke structures under consideration. Additionally, it is shown that each of these IECPT theories can be combined with random testing, such that a random value is selected from an input equivalence class, whenever a representative from this class is required in a test step. Experiments have shown that this combination increases the test strength of equivalence class tests for systems under test (SUT)
outside
the fault domain, while we show here that this randomisation preserves the completeness property for SUT
inside
the domain. The investigations lead to several complete IECPT strategies which, to our best knowledge, were not known before for this sub-domain of Kripke structures. The elaboration and presentation of results is performed on a semantic level, so that the testing theories under consideration can be applied to models presented in any concrete formalism, whose behaviour is reflected by a member of our semantic category.
Evidence of an Epistatic Effect Between Dysbindin-1 and Neuritin-1 Genes on the Risk for Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Prats C. , Arias B. , Moya-Higueras J. , Pomarol-Clotet E. , Parellada M. , González-Pinto A. , Peralta V. , Ibáñez M.I. , Martín M. , Fañanás L. , Fatjó-Vilas M. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe interest in studying gene–gene interactions is increasing for psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSD), where multiple genes are involved. Dysbindin-1 (DTNBP1) and Neuritin-1 (NRN1) genes have been previously associated with SSD and both are involved in synaptic plasticity. We aimed to study whether these genes show an epistatic effect on the risk for SSD.MethodsThe sample comprised 388 SSD patients and 397 healthy subjects. Interaction was tested between: (i) three DTNBP1 SNPs (rs2619537, rs2743864, rs1047631) related to changes in gene expression; and (ii) an haplotype in NRN1 previously associated with the risk for SSD (rs645649-rs582262: HAP-risk C-C).ResultsAn interaction between DTNBP1 rs2743864 and NRN1 HAP-risk was detected by using the model based multifactor dimensionality reduction (MB-MDR) approach (P = 0.0049, after permutation procedure), meaning that the risk for SSD is significantly higher in those subjects carrying both the A allele of rs2743864 and the HAP-risk C-C. This interaction was confirmed by using a logistic regression model (P = 0.033, OR (95%CI) = 2.699 (1.08–6.71), R2 = 0.162).DiscussionOur results suggest that DTNBP1 and NRN1 genes show a joint effect on the risk for SSD. Although the precise mechanism underlying this effect is unclear, the fact that these genes have been involved in synaptic maturation, connectivity and glutamate signalling suggests that our findings could be of value as a link to the schizophrenia aetiology.
Research on Modularized Design and Allocation of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Equipment in China
Authors: Zhao Xin , Wang Yun-dou , Zhang Xiao-feng , Gao Shu-tian , Guo Li-jun , Sun Li-na 
Published: November 2016

AbstractFor the prevention and control of newly emergent or sudden infectious diseases, we built an on-site, modularized prevention and control system and tested the equipment by using the clustering analysis method. On the basis of this system, we propose a modular equipment allocation method and 4 applications of this method for different types of infectious disease prevention and control. This will help to improve the efficiency and productivity of anti-epidemic emergency forces and will provide strong technical support for implementing more universal and serialized equipment in China. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:375–382)
Electroosmosis over non-uniformly charged surfaces: modified Smoluchowski slip velocity for second-order fluids
Authors: Ghosh Uddipta , Chaudhury Kaustav , Chakraborty Suman 
Published: November 2016

In the present paper we focus on deriving the modified Smoluchowski slip velocity of second-order fluids, for electroosmotic flows over plane surfaces with arbitrary non-uniform surface potential in the presence of thin electric double layers (EDLs). We employ matched asymptotic expansion to stretch the electric double layer and subsequently apply regular asymptotic expansions taking the Deborah number ($De$) as the gauge function. Modified slip velocities correct up to $O(De^{2})$ are presented. Two sample cases are considered to demonstrate the effects of viscoelasticity on slip velocity: (i) an axially periodic patterned potential and (ii) a step-change-like variation in the surface potential. The central result of our analysis is that, unlike Newtonian fluids, the electroosmotic slip velocity for second-order fluids does not, in general, align with the direction of the applied external electric field. Proceeding further forward, we show that the slip velocity in a given direction may, in fact, depend on the applied electric field strength in a mutually orthogonal direction, considering three dimensionality of the flow structure. In addition, we demonstrate that the modified slip velocity is not proportional to the zeta potential, as in the cases of Newtonian fluids; rather it depends strongly on the gradients of the interfacial potential as well. Our results are likely to have potential implications so far as the design of charge modulated microfluidic devices transporting rheologically complex fluids is concerned, such as for mixing and bio-reactive system analysis in lab-on-a-chip-based micro-total-analysis systems handling bio-fluids.