bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relation between socioeconomic status and invasive haemodynamics at evaluation for advanced heart failure
Authors: Larsson Johan E. , Kristensen Søren Lund , Deis Tania , Warming Peder E. , Schou Morten , Køber Lars , Boesgaard Søren , Rossing Kasper , Gustafsson Finn 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimsSocioeconomic deprivation is a risk marker for worse prognosis in patients with heart failure (HF), and a potential barrier to referral for advanced HF evaluation. The relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and invasive haemodynamics in patients undergoing evaluation for advanced HF therapies is unknown.MethodsWe combined a consecutive clinical registry of patients evaluated for advanced HF with patient‐level data on SES (household income, education, workforce status, cohabitant status and distance from home to tertiary HF centre) derived from nationwide registries. Using this information, the cohort was divided into groups of low‐, medium‐ and high degree of socioeconomic deprivation. The associations between SES and invasive haemodynamics were explored with multiple linear regression adjusted for age and sex.ResultsA total of 631 patients were included. The median age was 53 years, and 23% were women. Patients in the highest income quartile versus the lowest (Q4 vs. Q1) were older (median age 57 vs. 50 years) and more often male (83% vs. 67%), both P < 0.001. Increasing household income (per 100 000 Danish kroner,1 EUR = 7.4 DKK) was associated with lower pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) [−0.18 mmHg, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.36 to −0.01, P = 0.036] but not significantly associated with central venous pressure (CVP) (−0.07 mmHg, 95% CI −0.21 to 0.06, P = 0.27), cardiac index (−0.004 L/min/m2, 95% CI −0.02 to 0.01, P = 0.60), or pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) (−0.003 Wood units, 95% CI −0.37 to 0.16, P = 0.84). Comparing the most deprived with the least deprived group, adjusted mean PVR was higher (0.35 Wood units, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.68, P = 0.04), but PCWP (0.66 mmHg, 95% CI −1.49 to 2.82, P = 0.55), CVP (−0.26 mmHg, 95% CI −1.76 to 1.24, P = 0.73) and cardiac index (−0.03 L/min/m2, 95% CI −0.22 to 0.17, P = 0.78) were similar.ConclusionsMost haemodynamic measurements were similar across layers of SES. Nevertheless, there were some indications of worse haemodynamics in patients with lower household income or a high accumulated burden of socioeconomic deprivation. Particular attention may be warranted in socioeconomically deprived patients to ensure timely referral for advanced HF evaluation.
Synthesis and Characterization of Diarylgermanethione and Diarylgermaneselenone
Authors: Chen Yizhen , Tan Gengwen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLewis acid/base‐free diarylgermanethione 3 and diarylgermaneselenone 4 were synthesized through reactions of a heteroleptic diarylgermylene with elemental sulfur and selenium, respectively. They were fully characterized by structural, spectroscopic and computational methods. Germanethione underwent 1,2‐addition with AlMe3 at the Ge=S double to give Ge(IV) compound 5. The chalcogen atoms in 3 and 4 could coordinate to copper halide to yield Cu(I) complexes 6 and 7, respectively.
Synthesis of SulfoCy5‐ and SulfoCy7‐αGalCer Probes as Chemical Tools for Investigating the Uptake of Liposomal αGalCer Conjugates by Antigen Presenting Cells
Authors: Romanò Cecilia , Mark Lund Philip , Wei Peng , Jiang Hao , Stoll Chloé , Clausen Mads H. 
Published: September 2024

Abstractα‐Galactosylceramide (αGalCer) is a synthetic glycolipid that, when loaded into the CD1d receptor of antigen presenting cells, activates iNKT cells to coordinate the generation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. In vaccines, the αGalCer adjuvant is generally delivered in liposomes, but interestingly, little is known about the intracellular fate of αGalCer‐antigen conjugates resulting in the absence of clear “design rules” for this type of compounds and their formulations. To unravel the uptake mechanism of liposomal αGalCer conjugates and understand the fate of its components, we synthesized sulfoCy7‐αGalCer 1 and sulfoCy5‐αGalCer 2. The fluorescent probes were obtained from a linker‐functionalized αGalCer, which was then modified with sulfoCy7/sulfoCy5. After formulation in liposomes, the cellular presentation was studied in a murine dendritic cell line using fluorescence imaging and flow cytometry. Imaging indicates that liposomes loaded with sulfoCy5‐αGalCer are taken up by DC2.4 cells in a heterogeneous and concentration‐dependent manner. Additionally, fluorescence antibody staining confirms that αGalCer is ultimately presented by CD1d receptors, but importantly is cleaved from sulfoCy5 before reaching the cell surface. These results validate our synthetic probes as useful in mechanistic studies of the uptake of αGalCer‐antigen conjugates as shown here for DC2.4 cells.
Imaged Capillary Isoelectric Focusing Coupled to High‐Resolution Mass Spectrometry (icIEF‐MS) for Cysteine‐Linked Antibody–Drug Conjugate (ADC) Heterogeneity Characterization Under Native Condition
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxi , Wu Gang , Du Min , Bo Tao , Chen Tong , Huang Tiemin 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTNative mass spectrometry (nMS) is a cutting‐edge technique that leverages electrospray ionization MS (ESI‐MS) to investigate large biomolecules and their complexes in solution. The goal of nMS is to retain the native structural features and interactions of the analytes during the transition to the gas phase, providing insights into their natural conformations. In biopharmaceutical development, nMS serves as a powerful tool for analyzing complex protein heterogeneity, allowing for the examination of non‐covalently bonded assemblies in a state that closely resembles their natural folded form. Herein, we present an imaged capillary isoelectric focusing–MS (icIEF–MS) workflow to characterize cysteine‐linked antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) under native conditions. Two ADCs were analyzed: a latest generation cysteine‐linked ADC polatuzumab vedotin and the first FDA‐approved cysteine‐linked ADC brentuximab vedotin. This workflow benefits from a recently developed icIEF system that is MS‐friendly and capable of directly coupling to a high‐sensitivity MS instrument. Results show that the icIEF separation is influenced by both drug payloads and the post‐translational modifications (PTMs), which are then promptly identified by MS. Overall, this native icIEF–MS method demonstrates the potential to understand and control the critical quality attributes (CQAs) that are essential for the safe and effective use of ADCs.
Seizure prophylaxis in pneumococcal meningitis, cohort study
Authors: Guillem Lluïsa , Hernández‐Pérez Guillermo , Berbel Damaris , Pelegrín Ivan , Falip Mercè , Cabellos Carmen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveOur aim was to assess seizure development as a complication of pneumococcal meningitis and its possible prevention with antiseizure medication prophylaxis.MethodsAntiseizure medication (ASM) prophylaxis has been practiced for a long time at our center. We assessed all cases of community‐acquired pneumococcal meningitis admitted from January 2010 to April 2021 recorded in our prospective database and conducted further retrospective studies.ResultsOf the 86 cases recorded, 21 (24.4%) developed acute symptomatic seizures, more than half of which (11/21; 52.4%) before admission. Seizure development increased the need for orotracheal intubation and intensive care unit admission, while also lengthening hospital stays and suggesting more risk of death and disability at discharge [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 3.13; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1–9.8]. Of the 74 patients eligible for ASM prophylaxis, 64 received it and 10 did not. ASM prophylaxis seemed effective in preventing seizure development, as only six seizure events were recorded in 64 patients with ASM prophylaxis (9.4%) compared with four in the 10 patients without prophylaxis (40%). Its preventive capacity was especially notable when administered within 4 h of admission. Differences in mortality did not reach statistical significance. Adverse effects were rare.SignificanceSeizure development is a common complication in pneumococcal meningitis and is associated with increased risks of Intensive Care Unit admission, orotracheal intubation, and longer hospital stays. ASM prophylaxis may be effective in blocking seizure development in patients with preventable seizures and may be associated with better prognosis. Further studies are now warranted.Plain Language SummaryInfection of the meninges (the covering of the brain) due to the common bacteria S pneumoniae, used to be a fatal disease before the introduction of antibiotics and corticoids. Thanks to these drugs, more people survive this disease but, due to the frequent complications, they may have several sequelae. Seizures are a common complication. Our study suggests that they might be prevented by using antiseizure drugs which may reduce both severity and hospital stay.
Functions of immunologically active peptides and their roles in intestinal inflammation
Authors: Wang Litong , Li Yi , Huang Kunlun , Wang Qin , He Xiaoyun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractImmunologically active peptides are a class of peptides with immune functions such as enhancing body immunity, regulating cell growth and differentiation, migration, chemotaxis, neurotransmission, and inducing apoptosis of tumor cells. They have many features, such as small molecular weight, strong stability, high biological activity, easy to adjust the structure accurately, and easy to synthesize. Exploring the mechanism of action of immunologically active peptides can help the modification and development of immunologically active peptides. In this article, the functional properties of immunologically active peptides are described from the perspectives of structural classification of immunologically active peptides and regulatory mechanisms. The relationship between structure and function and the application of different mechanisms in diseases are reviewed, focusing on the role in intestinal inflammation.
Enhanced gelation of sturgeon frozen surimi via egg white: Exploring the role of endogenous serine protease inhibition
Authors: Tong Lu , Ding Ning , Zhou Meng , Zhang Yan , Hong Hui , Luo Yongkang , Tan Yuqing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe degradation of frozen sturgeon surimi can be attributed to the endogenous serine protease. This study was first to examine the impact of egg whites on the frozen sturgeon surimi's gel properties from the perspective of inhibiting endogenous serine protease. The protease activity of egg whites group (CA + EW group, consisting of 4% egg whites and cryoprotectants) was 45.15% lower than that of cryoprotectants group (CA group, consisting of 3% sucrose, 3% sorbitol, and 0.3% sodium tripolyphosphate) at 12 weeks. From the results of inhibition kinetics, serine protease was inhibited by both anticompetitive and noncompetitive inhibition modes. Molecular docking analysis indicated that egg white achieves this inhibitory effect through ionic interactions and hydrogen bonding with serine protease. However, this inhibitory effect was absent when the freezing period was extended to 24 weeks. Compared with CA group, the CA + EW group exhibited 54.76% and 4.59% increase in gel strength and water‐holding capacity, and 32.42% reduction in cooking loss after 24 weeks of freezing. Egg whites also impeded water migration and enhanced the density and smoothness of the gel microstructure, reducing protein aggregation. These results indicated that egg whites serve a dual function: inhibiting serine protease and filling the gel network within 12 weeks, mitigating protein aggregation and ice crystal formation over 24 weeks. This study elucidated the mechanism underlying the impact of egg white on endogenous serine protease in sturgeon surimi during long‐term freezing, laying a theoretical foundation for the industrialization of sturgeon surimi.
From small‐scale studies to an encompassing view: Inhibiting inflammation and clinically relevant enzymes with various extracts of Primula vulgaris using in vitro and in silico techniques
Authors: Kurt‐Celep Inci , Nilofar  , Cetiz Mehmet Veysi , Zheleva‐Dimitrova Dimitrina , Gevrenova Reneta , Celep Engin , Sinan Kouadio Ibrahime , Yildiztugay Evren , Ferrante Claudio , Zengin Gokhan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe genus Primula holds great importance as a source of traditional remedies in various folk medicine systems. In the present study, we investigated the chemical composition and biological properties of different extracts (ethyl acetate, ethanol, ethanol/water, and water) of aerial parts and rhizomes of Primula vulgaris. To determine the chemical profile, the extracts were analyzed using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography‐high‐resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐HRMS) technique and flavonoids were a major group in this profile. The antioxidant capacity was demonstrated by in vitro chemical tests and in general the ethanol/water extract was found to be the most potent. Enzyme inhibition was studied against various enzymes and ethanol and ethanol/water extracts were more active than others. To assess the anti‐inflammatory potential of the extracts at the molecular level, human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In vitro experiments showed that the levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NFKB), receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE), activator protein‐1 (AP‐1), interleukin 6 (IL‐6), interleukin 17 (IL‐17) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐alpha were significantly reduced after treatment with the tested extracts. In addition, the extracts showed an inhibitory effect on the enzymes collagenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase, which are involved in the inflammatory process and destabilization of the extracellular matrix (ECM). P. vulgaris has been observed to modulate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) synthesis by decreasing the concentration of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) during LPS‐induced inflammation. This study also examined the molecular binding and dynamic behavior of various enzymes and proteins associated with skin and infections using ligands derived from the tested extracts. Simulations with AutoDock Vina V1.1.2 and GROMACS 2023.1 showed that isoquercetin in particular showed superior performance in interactions with hyaluronidase. These findings are important for the development of potential therapeutic strategies for skin health and infection control. In summary, P. vulgaris can be considered as an important source of natural bioactive compounds for the development of effective health‐promoting applications in nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics
Yeast protein‐derived γ‐glutamyl peptides prepared by transpeptidation reaction exhibit a pronounced taste‐enhancing effect
Authors: Liu Jiaying , Fu Yu , Ma Liang , Dai Hongjie , Wang Hongxia , Chen Hai , Zhu Hankun , Yu Yong , Liu Xin , Liu Zhengfang , Zhang Yuhao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA high‐salt diet can induce hypertension, so salt reduction can prevent hypertension. γ‐Glutamyl peptides (GGPs) have obvious taste‐enhancing effects, while their contents in natural foods are relatively low. Yeast protein rich in Glu/Gln is a good precursor for the preparation of GGPs. In this study, yeast protein‐derived GGPs were prepared through hydrolysis and transpeptidation reactions, followed by sensory evaluation and E‐tongue analysis. Peptide sequences were identified by LC−MS/MS and screened for molecular docking. The optimal reaction conditions were hydrolysis for 4 h, enzyme concentration of 16 U/g, and transpeptidation for 4 h. GGPs could increase salt and umami intensity by 60.78% and 40.93% based on sensory evaluation, 22.52%, and 16.40% according to E‐tongue analysis. Fifteen γ‐glutamyl peptides with different peptide lengths were selected for molecular docking. Molecular docking confirmed their binding to calcium‐sensing receptors (CaSr) through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interaction, while interaction between CaSR receptor and γ‐glutamyl di‐, tri‐, and oligo‐peptides varied in binding energy. The stimulation received by CaSR lasted a longer time and varied in intensity. It was further proved that the flavor of mixed peptides has a layered sense and can give people a rich taste experience. Overall, yeast protein‐derived GGPs can enhance salt and umami taste, which can reduce salt usage without compromising taste.
Volatility of Volatility and VIX Forecasting: New Evidence Based on Jumps, the Short‐Term and Long‐Term Volatility
Authors: Qiao Gaoxiu , Cui Wanmei , Zhou Yijie , Liang Chao 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis study explores VIX forecasting by proposing a novel model to characterize the volatility of volatility based on high‐frequency VIX. Specifically, the decomposed jumps, the short‐ and long‐term volatility of VIX realized volatility obtained through wavelet analysis are considered by integrating the HAR‐DJI‐GARCH with GARCH‐MIDAS model. Empirical results show superior performance over competing models, with enhanced predictive accuracy under four non‐parametric jumps. The model's effectiveness is further validated by adjusting prediction windows, wavelet levels, examining VIX term structure, varying the significance level of jump test, and through the assessment of its economic significance.
Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity; implications for malaria control in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Abriham Zufan Y. , Belew Aysheshim K. , Baffa Lemlem D. , Mengistu Berhanu , Gasahw Moges , Mohammod Esmeal A. , Agimas Muluken C. , Sisay Mekonnen , Angaw Dessie A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn malaria endemic regions, Plasmodium falciparum infection is characterized by variable genetic diversity at different settings. The parasite's various forms are found at varied frequency in different geographic areas. Understanding malaria parasite diversity and transmission is vital to evaluate control interventions. The aim of this study was under taken to determine the status of P. falciparum genetic diversity and MOI in different regions of Ethiopia.MethodsRelevant publications were identified from electronic databases such as; PubMed, EMBASE, Google scholar and Google. Besides, an online search was done using the above databases for all articles published in English on genetic diversity of P. falciparum in Ethiopia. STATA software was used for data analysis. The pooled estimates were calculated using random effect model. The summary estimates were presented using forest plots and tables.ResultsA total of 11 studies were included in the systematic review. However, only 8, 10 and 2 studies were included for Pfmsp‐1, Pfmsp‐2 and glurp gene meta‐analysis, respectively. However, the meta‐analysis result showed that the pooled prevalence of Pfmsp‐1, msp‐2 and glurp gene were 84% for both msp‐1/2% and 51%, respectively. The pooled prevalence of msp‐1 gene was higher in Amhara followed by Oromia region and lower in SNNPR while, for msp‐2 gene the pooled prevalence was higher in Benshangul gumez region. Among the allelic family of msp‐1 and msp‐2 genes, MAD20 (34%) and FC27 (44%) were the most predominant respectively.ConclusionBased on the review, there is evidence of the presence of high genetic diversity of P. falciparum parasites in Ethiopia, suggesting that malaria transmission remain high and that strengthened control efforts are needed. The approaches and methods used for investigation of diversified parasites have similarity between studies and should use advanced molecular techniques, like microsatellite, to assess the genetic diversity of P. falciparum for better results.
SIAH3 is frequently epigenetically silenced in cancer and regulates mitochondrial metabolism
Authors: Deutschmeyer Verena E. , Schlaudraff Nico A. , Walesch Sara K. , Moyer Janine , Sokol Anna M. , Graumann Johannes , Meissner Wolfgang , Schneider Marc , Muley Thomas , Helmbold Peter , Schwinn Markus , Richter Antje M. , Schmitz M. Lienhard , Dammann Reinhard H. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOf the seven in absentia homologue (SIAH) family, three members have been identified in the human genome. In contrast to the E3 ubiquitin ligase encoding SIAH1 and SIAH2, little is known on the regulation and function of SIAH3 in tumorigenesis. In this study, we reveal that SIAH3 is frequently epigenetically silenced in different cancer entities, including cutaneous melanoma, lung adenocarcinoma and head and neck cancer. Low SIAH3 levels correlate with an impaired survival of cancer patients. Additionally, induced expression of SIAH3 reduces cell proliferation and induces cell death. Functionally, SIAH3 negatively affects cellular metabolism by shifting cells form aerobic oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. SIAH3 is localized in the mitochondrion and interacts with proteins involved in mitochondrial ribosome biogenesis and translation. We also report that SIAH3 interacts with ubiquitin ligases, including SIAH1 or SIAH2, and is degraded by them. These results suggest that SIAH3 acts as an epigenetically controlled tumor suppressor by regulating cellular metabolism through the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation.
Enhanced Cherenkov radiation in twisted hyperbolic Van der Waals crystals
Authors: Hu Hao , Lin Xiao , Hu Guangwei , Garcia‐Vidal Francisco J. , Luo Yu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCherenkov radiation in artificial structures experiencing strong radiation enhancements promises important applications in free‐electron quantum emitters, broadband light sources, miniaturized particle detectors, etc. However, the momentum matching condition between swift electrons and emitted photons generally restricts the radiation enhancement to a particular momentum. Efficient Cherenkov radiation over a wide range of momenta is highly demanded for many applications but still remains a challenging task. To this end, we explored the interaction between swift electrons and twisted hyperbolic Van der Waals crystals and observed enhanced Cherenkov radiation at the flatband resonance frequency. We show that, at the photonic magic angle of the twisted crystals, the electron momentum, once matching with that of the flatband photon, gives rise to a maximum energy loss (corresponding to the surface phonon generation), one‐order of magnitude higher than that in conventional hyperbolic materials. Such a significant enhancement is attributed to the excitation of flatband surface phonon polaritons over a broad momentum range. Our findings provide a feasible route for highly directional free‐electron radiation and radiation shaping.
Inducing select/reject control in a matching‐to‐sample procedure with observing response: Effects on stimulus equivalence
Authors: Grisante Priscila Crispillho , Tomanari Gerson Yukio 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study investigated a three‐choice matching‐to‐sample procedure with an observing‐response requirement to induce select and reject control during baseline training and examined their effects on the formation of equivalence classes. The study involved four girls, aged 8 to 10 years, who participated in a computer‐based task that alternated between conditions designed to induce select and reject control by requiring observing responses to display the stimuli. In the select‐control condition, the correct stimulus was revealed first on at least 75% of the trials, increasing the likelihood of selecting the correct stimulus without seeing the incorrect ones. In contrast, in the reject‐control condition, the correct stimulus was revealed third on at least 75% of the trials, forcing the display of both incorrect stimuli. This procedure successfully generated both select and reject control, which increased progressively with the accuracy during baseline training trials. Select control was more prominent than reject control, but both led to the formation of equivalence classes. This finding suggests that reject control does not hinder control by the correct stimulus.