bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRANSFERÊNCIA DE CONHECIMENTO EM REDES DE EMPRESAS: UM ESTUDO EM UMA PLANTA MODULAR DA INDÚSTRIA AUTOMOTIVA
Authors: Sacomano Neto Mário , Corrêa Dalila Alves , Truzzi Osvaldo Mário Serra 
Published: March 2016

<p>Compreender a transferência do conhecimento técnico e gerencial entre montadoras e fornecedores de autopeças, sob a ótica das redes de empresas, constitui-se objetivo do presente estudo. A transferência de conhecimento ocorre mediante processos de socialização, educação e aprendizado e sua ênfase reside no potencial de alavancagem competitiva das organizações. A literatura sobre transferência de conhecimento mostra que as redes de empresas são um “lócus” de difusão de conhecimento e isto não é muito explorado pela literatura. Neste sentido, o estudo tem como objetivo compreender e analisar a transferência do conhecimento técnico e gerencial entre montadoras e fornecedores de autopeças. Elegeram-se como categorias de análise os tipos transferência de conhecimentos e aprendizado na rede apresentado por Dixon (2000), como: em série, próxima, distante, estratégica e de especialistas e a classificação de tipos de aprendizado proposta por Lemos (1999). Para tanto foram realizadas sete entrevistas presenciais junto aos executivos da montadora e de dois fornecedores de autopeças, estabelecidos internamente na planta. Nos resultados da pesquisa, são explicitadas as formas de transferência de conhecimento e o desenvolvimento mútuo entre montadora e fornecedores em aceitar os métodos de trabalho, procedimentos padrões, rotinas e contatos interpessoais. Estes resultados revelam uma forma de governança da rede suportada pela interação e capital relacional, os quais ampliam as possibilidades dos processos de aprendizagem e da difusão do conhecimento técnico e gerencial entre os atores envolvidos. </p><p> </p>
Geração de Modelo Digital de Elevação utilizando dados do SRTM como subsídio ao planejamento e gestão territorial do município de Lucena(PB)/Generation of Digital Elevation Model using SRTM data as grant to territorial planning and management (...)
Authors: Dias Erika Rodrigues 
Published: March 2016

<p>Uma das grandes preocupações da atualidade encontra-se no uso racional das terras, conciliando aspectos sociais, econômicos e ambientais tornando necessário o planejamento territorial através de um conhecimento detalhado da superfície territorial. Dessa forma, é de fundamental importância a representação do terreno. Assim, este trabalho teve por objetivo gerar um modelo digital de elevação – MDE, utilizando imagens de radar SRTM com a finalidade de servir como subsídio à gestão e planejamento territorial. Os materiais utilizados nesse trabalho foram imagens de radar da missão Shuttle Radar Topography Mission – SRTM, imagens obtidas do Google Earth e softwares específicos. Como resultados foram gerados diversos produtos cartográficos que possibilitaram o reconhecimento territorial do município como os mapas de hipsometria e clinografia da área em estudo e a representação tridimensional do relevo visando servir como subsídio à gestão territorial e planejamento do meio físico.</p><p><strong>Palavras-Chave</strong>: Modelo Digital de Elevação, SRTM, Geotecnologias.</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>A major concern of today is in the rational use of land, combining social, economic and environmental aspects making it necessary to territorial planning with a detailed knowledge of land area. Thus, it is fundamental to representation of the terrain. Thus, this study aimed to generate a digital elevation model - MDE using SRTM radar images in order to serve as a resource management and territorial planning. The materials used in this work were the mission radar images Shuttle Radar Topography Mission - SRTM, images obtained from Google Earth and specific software. The results were generated several cartographic products enabled the territorial recognition of the city as hypsometry maps and clinografia of the study area and the three-dimensional relief representation to serve as subsidy for territorial planning and management of the physical environment.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong> Keywords</strong>:Digital Elevation Model, SRTM, Geotechnology.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
Referenciais teóricos para o entendimento das periferias / Theoretical frameworks for the understanding of the peripheries
Authors: Guimarães Leandro Da Silva 
Published: March 2016

<p>O texto e busca entender a construção da desigualdade sócio-espacial no Brasil por meio do processo de espacialização dessa mesma desigualdade, nesse sentido, ele analisa, arranhando as margens do que se convencionou de espaços periféricos que seriam frutos do modelo urbano brasileiro e de como esse mesmo modelo produziu metrópoles gentrificadas e excludentes. Assim, o texto vai à busca do referencial matriz da discussão de espaço urbano, das territorialidades que emergem dessa construção espacial. Discutimos assim, espaço, periferia e agentes produtores do espaço nesse interim.Nesse sentido, a discussão de tais temas se torna consubstanciais para o entendimento das desigualdades sociais e espaciais no Brasil, bem como, do papel do Estado como gestor do ordenamento sócio-espacial do território e principal agente na solução de tais problemáticas. Espera-se que com a materialização de um estudo de maior monta, do qual esse artigo é só um micro trabalho possamos contribuir com subsídios que contribuam para o arranjo e cristalização de políticas públicas, que deem conta das desigualdades sociais e sirvam para alavancar um país com cidades mais justas e igualitárias.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Palavras–chave:</strong> Urbanização, Periferia, Desigualdade, Território.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>Text and seeks to understand the construction of socio-spatial inequality in Brazil through the spatial process of that inequality in this sense it analyzes, scratching the margins of what is peripheral spaces that would be fruit of the Brazilian urban model and how this same model produced gentrification and exclusive metropolises. Thus, the text goes in search of the standard array of urban space for discussion, the territoriality that emerge from this spatial construction. We discussed thus space, periphery and producers Space agents in the interim. In this sense, the discussion of such issues become inherently linked to understanding the social and spatial inequalities in Brazil, as well as the state's role as manager of the socio-spatial planning and principal agent in the solution of such problems. It is expected that with the realization of a study of greater amounts, from which this article is just a micro work can contribute subsidies that contribute to the arrangement and crystallization of public policies that give account of social inequalities and serve to leverage a country more fair and equitable cities.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Urbanization, Periphery, Inequality Territory</p>
Identificação da variação de energia no fluxo de escoamento através da análise granulométrica de perfis de margens fluviais na bacia hidrográfica do rio Pirabeiraba – SC / Identification of energy change in the stream flow by grain (...)
Authors: Torrisi Daniela , Kleina Monica , Taveira Bruna Daniela de Araújo , Oliveira Fabiano Antonio de , Carvalho Juliana Landolfi de , Silva Julio Manoel França da , Bueno Karen Moura 
Published: March 2016

<p>O estudo da dinâmica sedimentar de um canal pode auxiliar na compreensão da evolução da paisagem e no entedimento da dinâmica fluvial em uma bacia hidrográfica. A análise granulométrica dos sedimentos permite uma aproximação inicial ao conhecimento da dinâmica sedimentar e da variação da energia do fluxo no canal. O presente trabalho objetiva identificar a variação de energia do fluxo de escoamento do canal fluvial a partir da comparação das análises granulométricas de dois perfis estratigráficos na bacia hidrográfica do rio Pirabeiraba, SC. A metodologia aplicada foi baseada em análises granulométricas e estatísticas desenvolvidas em amostras coletadas em campo. Os principais resultados obtidos demonstraram que os perfis apresentaram-se muito semelhantes, indicando que, apesar de ocorrerem variações de energia dos fluxos, os perfis se mantiveram equivalentes nas duas amostras estudadas. Desta forma, pode-se relatar que os eventos ocorridos foram homogêneos nesta parte da bacia.</p><p><strong>Palavras-Chave:</strong> Análise granulométrica, Fluxo fluvial, Rio Pirabeiraba.</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The study of sediment dynamics of a river may help to understand the evolution of the landscape and to comprehend the fluvial dynamics in a watershed. One useful tool is the sediment grain size analysis (granulometry / granulometric analysis). The granulometric analysis allows to understand sediment dynamics as well as energy changes in a river flow. This paper aims to identify the energy change of a river channel by means of the comparison of particle size analysis of two stratigraphic profiles in the Pirabeiraba river watershed, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The applied methodology was based on grain size and statistical analysis from the collected samples. The main results show that both profiles are very similar, despite the variations that occurred in the river flows, what means that the fluvial process were uniform in this part of the watershed. <strong> </strong></p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Grain size analysis, Fluvial flow, Pirabeiraba river.</p>
De la sécurité à la violence organisée : tropismes et points aveugles de « l’école de Copenhague »
Authors: Olsson Christian 
Published: March 2016

Dans cet article, nous portons un regard critique sur la théorie de la sécurisation de « l’école de Copenhague » en partant de l’idée que ses applications empiriques ont jusqu’ici eu tendance à évacuer des études de sécurité la question de la violence réciproque, de la coercition physique et de la guerre. Nous essayons en particulier de voir à quelles conditions un débat fructueux pourrait être noué entre « l’école de Copenhague » d’une part, et une sociologie critique des conflits armés, d’autre part. Il y a en effet dans les travaux inspirés par « l’école de Copenhague » un tropisme pour des objets de recherche qui ne permettent pas de se poser la question – pourtant centrale du point de vue de la sociologie des conflits et de la sociologie historique de l’État – du rôle de la menace proférée et de la coercition, conçues comme énoncés performatifs, dans la construction sociale des problèmes de sécurité.
Uptake of early infant diagnosis in Thailand’s national program for preventing mother‐to‐child HIV transmission and linkage to care, 2008–2011
Authors: Naiwatanakul Thananda , Voramongkol Nipunporn , Punsuwan Niramon , Lolekha Rangsima , Gass Robert , Thaisri Hansa , Leechanachai Pranee , Wolfe Mitchell , Boonsuk Sarawut , Bhakeecheep Sorakij 
Published: March 2016

IntroductionEarly infant diagnosis (EID) has been a component of Thailand's prevention of mother‐to‐child HIV transmission (PMTCT) programme since 2007. This study assessed the uptake, EID coverage, proportion of HIV‐exposed infants receiving a definitive HIV diagnosis, mother‐to‐child transmission (MTCT) rates and linkage to HIV care and treatment.MethodsInfant polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing data from the National AIDS Program database were analyzed. EID coverage was calculated as the percentage of number of HIV‐exposed infants receiving ≥1 HIV PCR test divided by the number of HIV‐exposed infants estimated from HIV prevalence and live‐birth registry data. Definitive HIV diagnosis was defined as having two concordant PCR results. MTCT rates were calculated based on infants tested with PCR and applied as a best‐case scenario, and a sensitivity analysis was used to adjust these rates in average and worst scenarios. We defined linkage to HIV care as infants with at least one PCR‐positive test who were registered with Thailand's National AIDS Program. Chi‐squared tests for linear trend were used to analyze changes in programme coverage.ResultsFor 2008 to 2011, the average EID coverage rate increased from 54 to 76% (p<0.001), with 65% coverage (13,761/21,099) overall. The number of hospitals submitting EID samples increased from 458 to 645, and the percentage of community hospitals submitting samples increased from 75 to 78% (p=0.044). A definitive HIV diagnosis was made for 10,854 (79%) infants during this period. The adjusted MTCT rates had significantly decreasing trends in all scenarios. Overall, an estimated 53% (429/804) of HIV‐infected infants were identified through the EID programme, and 80% (341/429) of infants testing positive were linked to care. The overall rate of antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation within one year of age was 37% (157/429), with an increasing trend from 28 to 52% (p<0.001).ConclusionsEID coverage increased and MTCT rates decreased during 2008 to 2011; however, about half of HIV‐infected infants still did not receive EID. Most HIV‐infected infants were linked to care but less than half initiated ART within one year of age. Active follow‐up of HIV‐exposed infants to increase early detection of HIV infection and early initiation of ART should be more widely implemented.
Color control of electrochemiluminescence based on duty ratio of applied waveform voltage
Authors: Nishimura Ryoichi , Nihei Eisuke 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In this research, we succeeded in controlling the light-emitting color obtained from the light-emitting surface of an organic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) device with a duty ratio of the applied voltage. The color change was based on the absorption of light by the light-emitting layer. Because we were able to control the light-emitting relative quantities in each electrode by changing the duty ratio. Long light-emitting lifetime will be expected in the future, because the light-emitting material used was poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT), a conductive polymer. We fabricated the ECL device with a light-emitting layer thickness of 25.0 µm. In this device, the ECL color was changed from orange to red by changing the duty ratio from 50 to 10%. More ECL colors are expected to be realized by selecting the light-emitting material with appropriate absorption and ECL spectra.
Bathymetry data reveal glaciers vulnerable to ice‐ocean interaction in Uummannaq and Vaigat glacial fjords, west Greenland
Authors: Rignot E. , Fenty I. , Xu Y. , Cai C. , Velicogna I. , Cofaigh C. Ó , Dowdeswell J. A. , Weinrebe W. , Catania G. , Duncan D. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractMarine‐terminating glaciers play a critical role in controlling Greenland's ice sheet mass balance. Their frontal margins interact vigorously with the ocean, but our understanding of this interaction is limited, in part, by a lack of bathymetry data. Here we present a multibeam echo sounding survey of 14 glacial fjords in the Uummannaq and Vaigat fjords, west Greenland, which extends from the continental shelf to the glacier fronts. The data reveal valleys with shallow sills, overdeepenings (>1300 m) from glacial erosion, and seafloor depths 100–1000 m deeper than in existing charts. Where fjords are deep enough, we detect the pervasive presence of warm, salty Atlantic Water (AW) (>2.5°C) with high melt potential, but we also find numerous glaciers grounded on shallow (<200 m) sills, standing in cold (<1°C) waters in otherwise deep fjords, i.e., with reduced melt potential. Bathymetric observations extending to the glacier fronts are critical to understand the glacier evolution.
Direct and Highly Selective Conversion of Synthesis Gas into Lower Olefins: Design of a Bifunctional Catalyst Combining Methanol Synthesis and Carbon–Carbon Coupling
Authors: Cheng Kang , Gu Bang , Liu Xiaoliang , Kang Jincan , Zhang Qinghong , Wang Ye 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe direct synthesis of lower (C2 to C4) olefins, key building‐block chemicals, from syngas (H2 /CO), which can be derived from various nonpetroleum carbon resources, is highly attractive, but the selectivity for lower olefins is low because of the limitation of the Anderson–Schulz–Flory distribution. We report that the coupling of methanol‐synthesis and methanol‐to‐olefins reactions with a bifunctional catalyst can realize the direct conversion of syngas to lower olefins with exceptionally high selectivity. We demonstrate that the choice of two active components and the integration manner of the components are crucial to lower olefin selectivity. The combination of a Zr–Zn binary oxide, which alone shows higher selectivity for methanol and dimethyl ether even at 673 K, and SAPO‐34 with decreased acidity offers around 70 % selectivity for C2–C4 olefins at about 10 % CO conversion. The micro‐ to nanoscale proximity of the components favors the lower olefin selectivity.
Photoinduced Copper‐Catalyzed C−H Arylation at Room Temperature
Authors: Yang Fanzhi , Koeller Julian , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: March 2016

AbstractRoom‐temperature azole C−H arylations were accomplished with inexpensive copper(I) compounds by means of photoinduced catalysis. The expedient copper catalysis set the stage for site‐selective C−H arylations of non‐aromatic oxazolines under mild reaction conditions, and provides step‐economical access to the alkaloid natural products balsoxin and texamine.
Introducing Chirality into Nonionic Dendritic Amphiphiles and Studying Their Supramolecular Assembly
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Ludwig Kai , Schade Boris , von Berlepsch Hans , Papp Ilona , Tyagi Rahul , Gulia Monika , Haag Rainer , Böttcher Christoph 
Published: March 2016

AbstractChiral head groups have been introduced into water‐soluble hydroxyl‐terminated nonionic amphiphiles and the impact of the head group stereochemistry on the supramolecular ultrastructures has been studied. Enantiomeric isomers were compared with the achiral meso form and the racemic mixture by means of cryogenic transmission electron microscopy and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Structurally, all amphiphiles are composed of the first‐generation hydrophilic polyglycerol head group coupled to a single hydrophobic hexadecyl chain through an amide linkage and diaromatic spacer. The enantiomers aggregate to form twisted ribbons with uniform handedness, whereas the meso stereoisomer and racemic mixture produce elongated assemblies, namely, tubules and platelets, but without a chiral ultrastructure. Simulations on the molecular packing geometries of the stereoisomers indicate different preferential assembly routes that explain the individual supramolecular aggregation behavior.
Copper(II) pseudohalide complexes with isomeric N2O donor Schiff base ligands: Synthesis, characterization and molecular dynamics simulations of interactions with DNA
Authors: Jana Subrata , Santra Ramesh Chandra , Frontera Antonio , Drew Michael G. B. , Ortega‐Castro Joaquín , Fernández David , Das Saurabh , Chattopadhyay Shouvik 
Published: March 2016

AbstractTwo new square planar copper(II) complexes, [Cu(L1)(NCO)] (1) and [Cu(L2)(N3)] (2), where HL1 = 1‐(‐1‐(2‐(diethylamino)ethylimino)ethyl)naphthalen‐2‐ol and HL2 = 2‐(‐(2‐(diethylamino)ethylimino)methyl)naphthalen‐1‐ol, have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV–VIS and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. Interaction of the complexes with calf thymus DNA (c t DNA) was studied by UV–VIS spectroscopy that revealed complex 2 had a slightly greater affinity for DNA. The mode of binding for both complexes was by the process of intercalation as confirmed by monitoring the fluorescence during a reverse titration on calf thymus DNA earlier saturated with ethidium bromide (a well‐established DNA intercalator). The overall binding constant (K*) were 5.36 x 104 and 17.91 x 104 for complexes 1 and 2 respectively. The binding mode for complex 1, using a generic dodecamer fragment of the DNA used was modeled using molecular dynamics (MD), with results that were consistent with experimental observations.
Microencapsulated Fish Oil Powder Formulation with Improved Resistance to Oil Leakage During Powder Compression
Authors: Sanguansri L. , Udabage P. , Bhail S. , Ying D. Y. , Cheng L. J. , Shen Z. , Augustin M. A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe effects of the addition of pectin to a primary fish oil emulsion stabilized by a heated milk protein–carbohydrate mixture, and heat treatment of emulsion at low pH (with or without the addition of pectin) on the properties of final emulsions (pH 7) and powders (~42 % w/w/fat) prepared from these emulsions were examined. Either the addition of pectin (without the additional heat treatment at pH 3), or additional heat treatment step at pH 3 (with or without pectin) reduced the surface oil and free oil of spray dried powders, and also reduced oil leakage on powder compression. However, the extra heat treatment step at low pH to the emulsion (without pectin) resulted in a greater susceptibility to oxidation of EPA and DHA in the powder. A judicious choice of ingredients for formulating and processing emulsions prior to spray drying enables the application of food‐grade microencapsulated fish oil powders in directly compressible tablet applications.
Iodine status and thyroid function among Spanish schoolchildren aged 6–7 years: the Tirokid study
Authors: Vila L. , Donnay S. , Arena J. , Arrizabalaga J. J. , Pineda J. , Garcia-Fuentes E. , García-Rey C. , Marín J. L. , Serra-Prat M. , Velasco I. , López-Guzmán A. , Luengo L. M. , Villar A. , Muñoz Z. , Bandrés O. , Guerrero E. , Muñoz J. A. , Moll G. , Vich F. , Menéndez E. , Riestra M. , Torres Y. , Beato-Víbora P. , Aguirre M. , Santiago P. , Aranda J. , Gutiérrez-Repiso C. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractI deficiency is still a worldwide public health problem, with children being especially vulnerable. No nationwide study had been conducted to assess the I status of Spanish children, and thus an observational, multicentre and cross-sectional study was conducted in Spain to assess the I status and thyroid function in schoolchildren aged 6–7 years. The median urinary I (UI) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in whole blood were used to assess the I status and thyroid function, respectively. A FFQ was used to determine the consumption of I-rich foods. A total of 1981 schoolchildren (52 % male) were included. The median UI was 173 μg/l, and 17·9 % of children showed UI<100 μg/l. The median UI was higher in males (180·8 v. 153·6 μg/l; P<0·001). Iodised salt (IS) intake at home was 69·8 %. IS consumption and intakes of ≥2 glasses of milk or 1 cup of yogurt/d were associated with significantly higher median UI. Median TSH was 0·90 mU/l and was higher in females (0·98 v. 0·83; P<0·001). In total, 0·5 % of children had known hypothyroidism (derived from the questionnaire) and 7·6 % had TSH levels above reference values. Median TSH was higher in schoolchildren with family history of hypothyroidism. I intake was adequate in Spanish schoolchildren. However, no correlation was found between TSH and median UI in any geographical area. The prevalence of TSH above reference values was high and its association with thyroid autoimmunity should be determined. Further assessment of thyroid autoimmunity in Spanish schoolchildren is desirable.
Research Facilities in Iraq
Authors: Rassam Amal 
Published: March 2016

Having succeeded in obtaining the visa (which may take anywhere up to three months) and once arrived in Baghdad, the foreign scholar is pleasantly struck by the cordiality and general hospitality of the Iraqis, who seem to be eager to help the visitor and exchange ideas and information with him.There seems to be no established procedure to obtain research permits in Iraq. The best approach is for the scholar to write a formal letter stating his credentials and research subject and to submit it to the Ministry of Information. They, in turn, will approve it and issue a letter of introduction to concerned personnel and institutions. In the case of research outside the urban centers, appropriate agencies are notified as well as the security police. In my case, I was referred to the Ministry of Agriculture which issued me a letter that allowed me to work in the villages.