bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Etnoarqueologia, conservação arqueológica e a compreensão dos processos de formação do registro arqueológico na Amazônia
Authors: Silva Fabíola Andréa , Lima Silvia Cunha 
Published: November 2017

O registro arqueológico consiste de vestígios materiais que foram produzidos e alterados a partir de diferentes fatores culturais e naturais que são chamados de processos de formação. Neste trabalho – a partir da análise de vasilhas cerâmicas arqueológicas dos Asurini do Xingu – pretendemos mostrar que a associação entre a etnoarqueologia e a conservação arqueológica ampliam as possibilidades dos arqueólogos de compreender esses processos de formação do registro arqueológico. Analisaremos os artefatos cerâmicos, procurando verificar em que medida as suas características físicas revelam as alterações provocadas pelo uso e pelos processos pós-deposicionais de biodegradação.
Caracterização do sistema tecnológico da subcoleção laming-emperaire do lítico xetá depositada no MAE-UFPR
Authors: Merencio Fabiana Terhaag 
Published: November 2017

O Setor de Antropologia da Universidade Federal do Paraná enviou expedições de pesquisa entre 1956 e 1961 para a região onde foram identificados acampamentos Xetás, coletando informações sobre a cultura material deste grupo. Nestas expedições foram coletados 160 artefatos polidos e lascados que compõem a coleção de lítico Xetá depositada no MAE-UFPR. A partir de informações de contexto deste material, optou-se em dividi-lo em duas subcoleções para fins analíticos e comparativos: os artefatos coletados por Loureiro (sem dados de proveniência) e por Laming-Emperaire (com informações). Este artigo expõe os resultados obtidos com a análise baseada em sequências reducionais do material coletado por Laming-Emperaire em 1961. Os tipos identificados para os Xetás nas poucas publicações, como chooppers e chopping-tools, podem ser associados a outras tradições arqueológicas definidas para região sul, em especial o lítico de grupos ceramistas Proto-Jê e Tupiguarani.
Da responsabilidade social de antropólogos e arqueólogos: sobre contratos, barragens e outras coisas mais
Authors: Fausto Carlos 
Published: November 2017

Este texto foi escrito (mas nunca impresso) em novembro de 2006 em reação ao desfecho (que então se anunciava) no que toca à exploração hidroelétrica dos formadores do rio Xingu, no norte do Mato Grosso. Como se pode esperar, aqueles que defendiam, como princípio de precaução, a preservação dos rios e odireito indígena ao seu patrimônio imaterial saíram derrotados. A discussão sobre o papel de antropólogos e arqueólogos nesse processo, contudo, ainda está por ser feita. Daí minha concordância em publicar o texto abaixo depois de muitos anos de ser escrito. Espero que ainda sirva para aguçar nossa reflexão e reanimar nosso espírito crítico .
Análisis multitemporal de la deforestación usando la clasificación basada en objetos, distrito de Leymebamba (Perú)
Authors: Mendoza Chichipe Miguel Enrique , Salas López Rolando , Barboza Castillo Elgar 
Published: November 2017

<p>El estudio consistió en determinar los cambios en la cobertura de bosques a causa de la deforestación entre los años 1987-2016, en Leymebamba, distrito que ha sido altamente alterado por la práctica de la agricultura migratoria. Para esto se utilizaron cuatro imágenes Landsat TM-OLI, de los años 1989, 1998, 2007 y 2016, sobre las cuales se realizaron los respectivos procesamientos. La obtención de cobertura y usos del suelo se realizó mediante la clasificación basada en objetos, de la cual se obtuvieron cinco representaciones de cobertura. En la validación temática se obtuvo una exactitud global de 85,2 % y un índice de kappa de 0,763, que indica una considerable precisión en la clasificación. Se encontró una alta deforestación en la temporada 1989-1998, con una tasa de 262,7 ha/año. Finalmente, para las temporadas 1998-2007 y 2007-2016, las tasas de deforestación descendieron a 34,8 ha/año y 58,2 ha/año, respectivamente. </p>
Factores socioeconómicos que influyen en la inadecuada gestión integral de residuos sólidos en el distrito de María
Authors: Vargas Inga Sulamita , Oliva Manuel 
Published: November 2017

<p>La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar los factores socioeconómicos que influyen en la inadecuada gestión integral de los residuos sólidos en el distrito María. Los resultados explicaron que dentro del factor social, la edad, género, rol que cumple en la familia, participación en capacitaciones sobre residuos sólidos, grado de instrucción, integrantes de la familia, falta de participación ciudadana, escasa información, desconocimiento sobre la gestión integral de residuos sólidos y la educación ambiental, son los principales factores que influyen en la inadecuada GIRS (Gestión Integral de Residuos Sólidos). Sin embargo dentro de los factores económicos el número de personas que trabajan en el hogar, el ingreso promedio de la familia, y los escasos recursos económicos con los que cuenta la municipalidad, son en este caso los principales factores que influyen en esta inadecuada GIRS. Finalmente los resultados de la presente investigación permitieron realizar una propuesta para el mejoramiento de la GIRS en el distrito de María, teniendo en cuenta todos los factores antes tratados, tanto socioeconómicos como políticos. </p>
Diversidad estacional de la clase bacillariophyceae en el río Utcubamba, Perú
Authors: Leiva-Tafur Damaris , Rascón Jesús , Corroto Fernando 
Published: November 2017

<p>Las diatomeas en áreas tropicales son una importante herramienta de biomonitoreo de la calidad ecológica del agua gracias a sus características fisiológicas y morfológicas. En la presente investigación se realizó un inventario de las diatomeas existentes en la cuenca del río Utcubamba, en el Departamento de Amazonas, durante dos épocas (seca y húmeda) caracterizadas por poseer grandes diferencias estacionales en cuanto al régimen de precipitaciones. Se registraron 112 especies distribuidas en 21 familias y 25 géneros, siendo el género Gomphonema el más diverso con 18 especies identificadas, además de ser el más abúndate, con un 26% del total de individuos. De la misma forma, la especie <em>Gomphonema rhombicum</em> fue la más abundante con un 17% respeto al total de registros. Las dos épocas muestreadas mostraron resultados distintos tanto en diversidad como en abundancia de diatomeas, presentando la época seca valores superiores en ambas variables influidos por factores de perturbación de origen climático. </p>
Efecto de dos arreglos de siembra y variedades de maíz chala (Zea mays L.) en el rendimiento forrajero
Authors: Vásquez Pérez Hector , Santillán Cruz Belmer , Gómez Vergaray Jorge Luis 
Published: November 2017

<p>En la Estación Experimental de Huambo de la Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Perú, se evaluó el rendimiento forrajero de dos híbridos de maíz chala de las variedades marginal (T-28) y chusca (INIA-617). Se utilizó un diseño en bloques completamente al azar, distribuidos en cuatro tratamientos con seis repeticiones en parcelas de 42 m2 cada una. Se consideró como variables: el número de plantas, la altura de crecimiento y el rendimiento forrajero (forraje verde, materia seca) evaluadas a los 96, 109 y 122 días de emergencia. A los 109 días de crecimiento se obtuvo el mayor rendimiento de forraje verde (FV) de la variedad chusca de 57 Tm/ha con el arreglo 1. El mayor rendimiento de materia seca (MS) a los 122 días fue de 15 Tm/ha para marginal con el arreglo 2. Referente al contenido nutricional en proteína (PT) mostró un mayor rendimiento a los 109 días con 13,32% para la variedad marginal con el arreglo 2. A los 122 días de crecimiento fue mayor el contenido de fibra de detergente neutra (FDN) 63,69% para la variedad marginal con el arreglo 2 y fibra de detergente ácida (FDA) 37,31% para la variedad chusca con el arreglo 2. Todas las variables evaluadas, no mostraron diferencia significativa entre variedades y arreglos de siembra.</p>
Ecuación volumétrica para valorar el vuelo forestal del Parque Forestal Aylambo de la Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca
Authors: Becerra Montalvo Vitoly , Goycochea Casas Gianmarco 
Published: November 2017

<span class="fontstyle0">La estimación precisa del volumen del vuelo forestal hace posible estimar un valor monetario correcto. El objetivo de este estudio fue valorar el vuelo forestal del genero </span><span class="fontstyle2">Pinus </span><span class="fontstyle0">en el Parque Forestal Aylambo de la Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca, aplicando el modelo volumétrico de Schumacher y Hall (1993); con la finalidad de comparar la valoración económica con la valoración económica ajustada de la plantación, y conocer el valor actual del vuelo forestal. Se realizó un inventario al 100%. El modelo volumétrico fue ajustado utilizando regresión lineal, a través del método de mínimos cuadrados. Presentando la especie </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Pinus patula </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">un R</span><span class="fontstyle0">2 </span><span class="fontstyle0">de 78,95% y R</span><span class="fontstyle0">2ajustado </span><span class="fontstyle0">de 78,83% y para la especie de </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Pinus radiata </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">un R</span><span class="fontstyle0">2 </span><span class="fontstyle0">de 85,22% y R</span><span class="fontstyle0">2 ajustado </span><span class="fontstyle0">de 84,9%. Para estimar el volumen ajustado en m</span><span class="fontstyle0">3</span><span class="fontstyle0">, en razón al diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP) y la altura comercial (Hc) fueron tomados en metros; los modelos determinados son: LnV = -0,9347984 + 2,00002362*LnDAP + 1,0015779*LnHc para </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">P. patula </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">y LnV = 0,35264369 + 1,9401478*LnDAP + 1,2038246*LnHc para </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">P. radiata</span></em><span class="fontstyle0">. El valor del vuelo forestal de la plantación fue de 4351,11 nuevos soles y el valor ajustado de 4344,71 nuevos soles.</span>
TORITATEJOSHI ‘MO’ SEBAGAI PARTIKEL PENEGAS DALAM KALIMAT BAHASA JEPANG
Authors: Novitasari Raden 
Published: November 2017

Partikel penegas (toritatejoshi) merupakan salah satu jenis partikel dalam bahasa Jepang yang berfungsi memberikan makna tambahan atau untuk menegaskan makna terhadap topik yang ditonjolkan oleh partikel tersebut. Mo termasuk salah satu partikel penegas (toritatejoshi) yang memiliki makna penambahan dan berfungsi menegaskan suatu unsur di dalam kalimat dan menambahkan unsur tersebut pada unsur-unsur lain yang sejenis.Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa kalimat tunggal dan kalimat majemuk yang terdapat di dalam novel dan dianalisis berdasarkan teori struktur, makna, dan lingkupan dengan teknik permutasi. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah struktur kalimat yang menggunakan partikel penegas (toritatejoshi) mo dapat melekat pada kelas kata nomina, partikel, verba, dan adjektiva. Makna kalimat yang menggunakan partikel penegas (toritatejoshi) mo terdiri dari makna tersurat (shuchou) dan makna tersirat (fukumi), sedangkan lingkupan partikel penegas (toritatejoshi) mo melingkupi unsur yang tepat berada di depannya atau muncul di belakang unsur yang ada di depan predikat dalam kalimat. Kata kunci : unsur yang ditegaskan, unsur lain yang sejenis, makna tersurat, makna tersirat, lingkupan
The Short-Term Course of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Among Individuals Seeking Psychiatric Treatment
Authors: Kiekens Glenn , Claes Laurence , Kleiman Evan M. , Luyckx Koen , Coppersmith Daniel D. L. , Fortgang Rebecca G. , Myin-Germeys Inez , Nock Matthew K. 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceA major portion of adolescents and adults seeking psychiatric treatment report nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) within the past month, yet the short-term course of NSSI among these patients remains poorly understood.ObjectiveTo advance the understanding of the short-term course of NSSI cognitions (ie, thoughts, urges, and self-efficacy to resist self-injury) and behavior.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA cohort study was conducted using an intensive longitudinal design with ecological momentary assessment, including 6 daily surveys and event registrations of self-injury for 28 days. Data were collected from June 2021 to August 2023. Individuals using mental health services in the Flanders region in Belgium reporting past-month NSSI urges and/or behavior at intake were recruited by referral.Main Outcomes and MeasuresNonsuicidal self-injury thoughts, urges, self-efficacy, and behavior. Sociodemographic and clinical baseline characteristics served as between-person variables. Descriptive and variability statistics and dynamic structural equation modeling were used.ResultsParticipants completed a mean (SD) of 121 (34.5) surveys, totaling 15 098 longitudinal assessments (median adherence, 78.6%; IQR, 59.5%-88.7%). Among 125 patients (87.2% female; median age, 22.0 [range, 15-39] years; 52.8% heterosexual), NSSI thoughts and urges were present during most assessments but were low in intensity (individual means [SD] on a 0- to 6-point scale, 1.52 [1.13] for urges; 1.57 [1.18] for thoughts). The prevalence of NSSI behavior was 84.0% monthly, 49.90% weekly, and 18.19% daily. Between-patient variability was substantial (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.43-0.47; range of individual means for cognitions, 0-6; individual frequency behavior, 0-103), with recency and frequency of NSSI thoughts and behavior at intake consistently associated with individual differences in the course of NSSI. The greatest variability was observed within patients (root mean square of successive differences from 1.31 for self-efficacy to 1.40 for instability of thoughts), characterized by changes in the intensity of cognitions by more than 1 within-person SD between assessments less than 2 hours apart in 1 of 5 instances. Nonsuicidal self-injury behavior is rare in the morning, increased in the afternoon, and most frequent in the evening. Nonsuicidal self-injury cognitions were contemporaneous and temporally associated with each other’s course, with higher-than-usual thoughts and lower self-efficacy uniquely signaling heightened risk for NSSI behavior in the next 2 hours.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of treatment-seeking individuals, NSSI cognitions and behavior appeared to be dynamic over the short term. These findings suggest the potential utility of self-monitoring outside the therapy setting and the need to focus assessment and interventions on the evening hours.
Deceptively simple: An outsider's perspective on natural language processing
Authors: KhudaBukhsh Ashiqur R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article highlights a collection of ideas with an underlying deceptive simplicity that addresses several practical challenges in computational social science and generative AI safety. These ideas lead to (1) an interpretable and quantifiable framework for political polarization; (2) a language identifier robust to noisy social media text settings; (3) a cross‐lingual semantic sampler that harnesses code‐switching; and (4) a bias audit framework that uncovers shocking racism, antisemitism, misogyny, and other biases in a wide suite of large language models.
Assessing the robustness of dose distributions in carbon ion prostate radiotherapy using a fast dose evaluation system
Authors: Tsubouchi Toshiro , Shiomi Hiroya , Suzuki Osamu , Hamatani Noriaki , Takashina Masaaki , Yagi Masashi , Wakisaka Yushi , Ogawa Atsuhiro , Terasawa Ayumi , Akino Yuichi , Ogawa Kazuhiko , Kanai Tatsuaki 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeWe developed a software program for swiftly calculating dose distributions for carbon ion beams. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of dose calculations using this software and assess the robustness of dose distribution in treating prostate cancer.MethodsAt the Osaka Heavy Ion Therapy Center, markers are inserted into the prostate gland and used for position verification. To account for geometric changes along the beam path due to marker translation, a beam‐specific planning target volume (bsPTV) is set for each beam. To validate the accuracy of the dose calculations using the developed software, dose distributions for prostate and sarcoma cases were calculated and compared with the treatment planning system. To assess the robustness of the dose distribution, position verification data from 346 cases were utilized to reproduce dose distributions for three matching methods: bone matching, widely adopted in most particle therapy centers; marker translation, which involves direct translation to markers without bone matching; and marker translation after bone matching. The coverage of the target (D99 of clinical target volume (CTV)) was assessed to evaluate the robustness of the dose distribution. Additionally, statistical analyses were conducted for the dose distributions of each matching method.ResultsThe dose calculation for a single condition can be completed very quickly. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among dose distributions considering the three matching methods. When irradiation was performed with bone matching only, the D99 was reduced by more than 10% in approximately 7.5% of cases, making it as the poorest among the three matching methods. However, there was no significant reduction in target coverage with the other two methods.ConclusionWe have demonstrated the accuracy of the developed software for rapidly calculating dose distributions for carbon ion beams and confirmed the robustness of the dose distributions based on the bsPTV.
Modulating NFO@N‐MWCNTs/CC Interfaces to Construct Multilevel Synergistic Sites (Ni/Fe‐O‐N‐C) for Multi‐Heavy Metal Ions Sensing
Authors: Wu Zhijun , Cheng Huan , Xu Lijia , He Qingxu , Kou Xin , Wang Yuchao , Huang Hui , Zhao Yongpeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA hierarchical heterogeneous composite electrode of NiFe2O4@nitrogen‐doped multi‐walled carbon nanotubes/carbon cloth (NFO@N‐MWCNTs/CC) is prepared via a dip‐coating method, followed by a hydrothermal process. The flexible carbon cloth (CC) substrate provides robust support and the cross‐linked nitrogen‐doped multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (N‐MWCNTs) on the CC form a highly porous network with a large specific area that facilitates electron‐transfer. The stable support strengthens the framework and prevents pore structure disorder within the porous network, that could lead to the structural instability of the active sites. The decorated NiFe2O4 nanoparticles offer abundant active sites for enhanced electrocatalytic activity. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of the 3D hierarchical heterogeneous microstructure and multilevel bimetallic oxide active site (Ni/Fe‐O‐N‐C) constructs, the NFO@N‐MWCNTs/CC electrode achieves stable detection of multiple heavy metal ions (HMIs) with high reproducibility. The modified electrode allowed stable detection of multiple heavy metal ions with high reproducibility. The sensitivities of the electrode for Cd(II), Pb(II), Bi(III), and Hg(II) are 344.98, 441.02, 176.484, and 371.099 µA µm−1, respectively. The assay recoveries ranged from 95.3% to 106.8%, highlighting its practical applicability. This study provides innovative composites and theoretical insights to facilitate further advances in the simultaneous high‐performance detection of heavy metal ions.
Bridging to Commercialization: Record‐Breaking of Ultra‐Large and Superior Cyclic Stability Tungsten Oxide Electrochromic Smart Window
Authors: Tian Maofei , Zheng Rongzong , Jia Chunyang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractElectrochromic smart windows (ESWs) can significantly reduce energy consumption in buildings, but their cost‐effective, large‐scale production remains a challenge. In this study, the instability of black phosphorus is leveraged to induce the growth of the tungsten oxide film through its decomposition process, inspired by the 2D material‐assisted in situ growth (TAIG) method. This approach results in the preparation of large‐scale, high‐performance WO3‐x·nH2O (n < 2) films. Characterization techniques and DFT calculations confirm efficient regulation of structural water and oxygen vacancies during TAIG preparation. The WO3‐x·nH2O films exhibit excellent electrochromic (EC) properties, including high transmittance modulation (74.2%@1100 nm), fast switching time (tc = 5.5 s, tb = 3.8 s), high coloration efficiency (124.7 cm2 C−1), and superior cyclic stability (transmittance modulation retained 94.7% after 20 000 cycles). Ultra‐large WO3‐x·nH2O film are prepared via a simple immersion process, and fabricated into a large‐area ESW under facile laboratory conditions, demonstrating the economic and practical feasibility of this approach in industrial‐scale production. Operated by the intelligent control circuit, the ESW exhibits remarkable EC properties and cyclic stability This research represents a milestone in improving the performance and industrial‐scale production of ESWs, bridging the gap to the commercialization of EC technology.
Kirigami‐Inspired Three‐Dimensional Metamaterials with Programmable Isotropic and Orthotropic Thermal Expansion
Authors: Gu Yuanqing , Wei Zhibo , Wei Guowu , You Zhong , Ma Jiayao , Chen Yan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMechanical metamaterials with specifically designed cells can provide unusual thermal expansion properties for diverse applications. Limited by very few available cell topologies and complicated non‐linear structural deformation, most existing thermal expansion metamaterials can only achieve orthogonally isotropic negative/zero/positive thermal expansion (NTE/ZTE/PTE) within a mild range, especially the 3D ones. Here, based on one‐degree‐of‐freedom kirigami polyhedrons proposed with a kinematic design strategy, a family of 3D isotropic and orthotropic metamaterials capable of programmable NTE, PTE, and even ZTE over ultra‐wide range is developed. Incorporating bi‐material strips as creases for isotropic polyhedrons, NTE and PTE metamaterials with coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) ranging from −2354.3 to 3006.7 ppm/°C are designed and programmed by the theoretical model. Meanwhile, isotropic ZTE metamaterials are constructed by either homogeneous tessellation of ZTE cells or hybrid tessellation of NTE and PTE cells. Furthermore, by allowing distinct geometric parameters in the three orthogonal directions of the kirigami polyhedrons while preserving the kinematic motion, orthotropic metamaterials, in which each of the three directions can be assigned with an independently programmed NTE, ZTE, or PTE, are also achieved. This study paves a novel pathway for the development of thermal expansion metamaterials with potential applications for space optical systems, MEMS, and so on.