bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assistance au suicide, euthanasies : situation suisse
Authors: Wacker Jacques 
Published: May 2017

L’article 115 du Code Pénal suisse permet l’assistance au suicide (AS) lorsqu’il n’y a pas de mobile égoïste. Il offre ainsi un « droit-liberté » à chaque citoyen. Bien que la loi ne précise pas le rôle du médecin ni n’exige sa présence, l’Académie Suisse des Sciences Médicales a publié des directives éthiques. La forte augmentation du nombre d’AS depuis 2004 questionne la société et les médecins, en particulier sur leur capacité d’entendre et de dialoguer autour de cette demande en fin de vie. Le soignant se doit d’entendre et d’analyser cet appel, en respectant la volonté de chaque patient.
La question du suicide assisté, ou du parricide à l’institution du massacre ?
Authors: Jandrok Thierry 
Published: May 2017

De nos jours, le suicide assisté semble être une cause sur laquelle légiférer. La situation pousse vers une sorte d’urgence. Quels sont les mystères qui se masquent derrière cette question de société ? S’agit-il d’un désir singulier, d’une revendication d’intimité dans la mort, d’une quête d’amour, d’amitié, et/ou de responsabilité ? Des mots positifs tels qu’assistanat, bienveillance, lutte contre la souffrance à la fin de la vie, participent à donner de l’épaisseur à une idéologie de la « bonne mort ». La vulgate postmoderne bureaucratise et vulgarise les modalités du lien en faisant la promotion de leur absence dans les faits. Comment questionner la demande de suicide assisté et en assumer les conséquences logiques ?
Les « Hikikomori » ou les « disparus-vivants » qui ne voulaient pas mourir
Authors: Furuhashi Tadaaki , Bacqué Marie-Frédérique 
Published: May 2017

Au Japon, le mot « Hikikomori » (social withdrawal) correspond à l’« état de personnes qui restent cloîtrées, retranchées chez elles pendant plus de six mois, sans travailler ou sans fréquenter l’école. Elles n’ont aucune relation sociale à part leurs relations familiales. Elles ne souffrent pas de troubles mentaux tels que la dépression, les hallucinations et le délire ». Ce sont principalement des hommes, jeunes, voire adolescents. À partir de la rencontre et du soin de plus de 300 jeunes Hikkikomori, l’article expose les relations entre cet état psychique et social et la mort. Étonnamment en effet, les Hikkikomori ne se suicident pas. Ils ne recherchent pas la mort physique. Ils préfèrent se faire oublier et provoquer ainsi leur mort sociale. De même, ils refusent leur filiation sociale, tout en restant dépendants de leurs parents qui les nourrissent et se chargent de tous leurs liens concrets avec l’extérieur. Les Hikkikomori souhaitent disparaître de la société, tout en continuant à exister. Les auteurs les appellent des disparus-vivants . Ainsi, l’ensemble de leurs contacts a lieu sur le Net, mais à condition qu’ils ne soient pas vus. Ils redoutent leur dimension corporelle et l’évitent en s’opposant au regard des autres. Leur relation à l’écran est donc unilatérale, ils regardent les autres mais les autres ne les voient jamais. Les auteurs analysent la pulsion de mort chez les Hikkikomori : disparition du monde, retrait social, jeux répétitifs, jouissance dans la disparition en soi, régression dans la dépendance aux parents, perte totale du désir pour autrui. Quelques exceptions ont montré (lors de l’accident nucléaire d e Fukushima en mars 20 11) que, dans les moments extraordinaires, certains Hikkikomori sortaient de leur retrait. Leur but semble toutefois de rester vivants mais hors de la société, à la regarder derrière leurs écrans et dans des interactions artificielles et sans responsabilité.
Limiter les dysthanasies par la subjectivation du mourir : la mort post-moderne et la relation humanisante
Authors: do Céu Alves Maria , Bourdet-Loubère Sylvie 
Published: May 2017

Dans les sociétés post-modernes technoscientifiques, où le transhumanisme se développe sur le fond de la toute-jouissance d’une représentation de toute-puissance, quelle place peut occuper la vulnérabilité et la finitude ? Et quel sens donner à la mort ? Existe-t-il une mort post-moderne pour un sujet post-moderne ? Dans nos sociétés où le lien social s’effrite jusqu’à devenir virtuel, la relation, au cœur d’une commune humanité, représente peut-être le dernier rempart de la subjectivité et, donc, de la psyché.
L’accompagnement du mourir et le deuil créateur dans le contexte de la perte du conjoint
Authors: Kokou-Kpolou Kossigan , Moukouta Charlemagne Simplice , Bacqué Marie-Frédérique , Kpelly Dzodo Eli , Baugnet Lucy 
Published: May 2017

Les auteurs de cette étude ont examiné une hypothèse jusqu’alors restée théorique, selon laquelle les rituels de trépas (assistance affective au mourant, actes rituels laïcs ou religieux, discours d’adieu du mourant) faciliteraient le processus du deuil des survivants. L’étude s’est déroulée au Togo et a porté sur 162 personnes veuves (dont 88,3% sont des femmes et 11,7% des hommes) d’un âge moyen de 56,04 ans. La durée du deuil est de 112,52(ét =11,69) mois. Les résultats ont montré que près de 75 % des participants ont assisté le mourant de par leur présence avant qu’il ne meure. Dans 23,5% des cas, le dernier passage du mourant a été soutenu par des rituels (prières aux ancêtres, sacrement de l’onction des malades, prières non sacramentales). Les principaux thèmes émergeant du discours d’adieu sont : l’acceptation de la mort imminente, des recommandations à propos de l’éducation des enfants, la transmission des valeurs d’unité familiale, de respect et de réussite, les paroles de consolation, l’échange de pardon, la promesse de protection dans l’Au-delà en faveur des survivants. Cependant, pris isolément, ni le discours ni les actes religieux, ne se sont révélés statistiquement associés à l’intensité du deuil. Mais, lorsque l’on contrôle successivement l’interaction entre l’assistance portée au mourant, le fait qu’il ait tenu un discours d’adieu et la durée du deuil, l’on note un deuil moins compliqué chez le conjoint survivant (β = -1.21, p<.005). De plus, l’assistance donnée au mourant est corrélée avec la perception d’un changement psychosocial positif après le deuil (r = .173, p< 0.05). Les auteurs en concluent que l’assistance affective, donnée par un proche du mourant, est ce qui donne sens aux actes rituels et aux dernières paroles de ce dernier. Enfin, la durée du deuil doit être prise en compte pour évaluer les effets bénéfiques des rituels de trépas sur le processus du deuil. Ils en appellent aux rôles irremplaçables de la famille dans la phase de la fin de vie de leur proche mourant, et aux professionnels en soins palliatifs à favoriser un espace d’échange pouvant libérer les paroles suspendues du mourant.
Mort et mise à mort sur internet
Authors: Dilmaç Julie Alev 
Published: May 2017

Pour certains auteurs, les pratiques cérémonielles liées au trépas seraient enclines à disparaître, en raison notamment au refoulement de la mort dans la société moderne. Or, il semblerait que de nouvelles ritualités se soient développées, et ce, à travers les technologies. Ainsi, l’édification de tombes virtuelles, la création de pages « hommages » et la célébration de l’anniversaire de la mort des défunts sont dorénavant courantes sur Internet. Cependant, la surexposition prônée par la Toile semble remettre en question les manières traditionnelles de « vivre » le deuil, soumettant ainsi, aussi bien les vivants que les morts, à une redéfinition des concepts de « temps » et d’« espace », entraînant de nouvelles formes d’interaction.
Smartphones as a New Paradigm in Higher Education Overcoming Obstacles
Authors: Alwraikat Mansour A 
Published: May 2017

<p><em>This article will investigate obstacles hindering graduate students use of smartphones in their learning at The University of Jordan. The study employed a descriptive survey research method using a self-administered 21-item questionnaire. Out of the entire population of 1,100 graduate students from the School of Educational Sciences, a randomly purposeful sample of 227 was selected. Individuals within the sample owned smartphones. </em><em>A total of 108 students responded to the questionnaire. This was 45% of the original study sample during the first semester of the 2016-2017 academic year. </em><em>The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were both secured. The study’s findings showed that the overall degree level of obstacles reported by graduate students was high. </em><em>In addition, there were no statistically significant differences in student estimates of obstacles due to their gender, age, place of work, first degree (BA), or computer skills. The researcher offered suggestions for overcoming these obstacles in light of the student estimates.</em></p>
Influence of Cloud Based Mobile Learning Applications on User Experiences: A Review Study in the Context of Jordan
Authors: Harfoushi Osama 
Published: May 2017

Beside the increasing trend of cloud computing and mobile applications, the use of cloud based mobile learning applications is also mounting. Almost every e-commerce service provider offers cloud based mobile learning applications so that they can target more visitors and ultimately increase their sales. The usability of cloud based mobile applications is not only grounded in e-commerce platforms but it also ease out mobile learning processes. Most of the educational institutes are now offering cloud based mobile applications so their students can navigate to their knowledge portal more easily and download relevant material or submit assignments respectively. The main research area of this article is to explore how cloud based mobile learning applications can be utilized more effectively and what impact they imply on its users. Also, this research compares the mobile learning methods versus traditional learning methods. The study is evidence from Jordan and the major part of the research will be carried out through surveying literature, reports, content, and national and international databases in order to critically discuss the interactions between clouds based mobile learning application and user experiences. Published researches, published reports, books and articles has been included in the review. Review of literature shows that mobile cloud computing is rising in Jordan and have significant impact on mobile learning of Jordanian students. Further, M-learning indeed an innovative tool for learning and it helps the users in many ways. In traditional learning, students used to spend their money on books and other written content. Findings of this study are helpful for the educational institution so they will come to know about user experiences of utilizing these cloud based mobile applications.
Water management in Brussels: knowledge gained from the long time data series of the Flowbru regional telemetry system
Authors: de Ville Nicolas , Verbanck Michel 
Published: May 2017

The long time data series provided by the Flowbru regional hydrometric network (www.flowbru.be) represents a new opportunity to gain knowledge on the hydrographical system in Brussels. With a combination of data mining analysis, data consolidation, models and in-depth data interpretation, new insights on sewer system performance are obtained. First, the problem of the infiltration of parasitic clear water into the sewer system is addressed. A new methodology is developed to compute the daily volumes of clear water infiltrated in the entire zone treated by the Brussels-North Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). We show the strong seasonal variation of infiltration and how this pattern can be identified in limnimetric time series to highlight sewers which are subject to infiltration. Secondly, the sewer sediment accumulation in the Brussels Right main collector – the largest sewer in the Brussels Region – is studied. The accumulation dynamics are discussed, and a comparison between the present situation and that of the 1980s shows the massive increase in sediment accumulation in recent decades. The potential causes and consequences of this accumulation are discussed briefly.
The impact of social grant dependency on smallholder maize producers’ market participation in South Africa: Application of the double-hurdle model
Authors: Sinyolo Sikhulumile , Mudhara Maxwell , Wale Edilegnaw 
Published: May 2017

Background: Social grants have become an increasingly popular means of improving the welfare of poor households in South Africa and beyond. While the goals of these transfers are to alleviate current poverty as well as to improve human capital capacity, they also have unintended effects, positive or negative, on beneficiary households. A question that has not been adequately addressed in the literature is the role that social grants play in the efforts to commercialise smallholder farming.Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of social grant dependency on the incentives of smallholder maize producers to participate in the market.Setting: The study was done in the rural areas of four districts (Harry Gwala, Umzinyathi, Umkhanyakude and Uthukela) in the KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa.Methods: The study adopted a quantitative research design. A total of 984 households were randomly selected from the four districts, of which 774 had planted maize in the previous season. The analysis was done on the 774 farmers who had planted maize. The double-hurdle model was used for statistical analysis.Results: The results show a negative association between social grant dependency and market participation, suggesting that social grant-dependent households are more subsistent, producing less marketable surplus. Moreover, households with access to social grants sold less quantities of maize in the market, indicating reduced selling incentives.Conclusion: The study indicates that social grants reduce the incentives of smallholder farmers to commercialise their production activities. The results suggest that, while policies aimed at reducing transaction costs would increase smallholder market participation, attention should be paid on how to reduce social grants’ dis-incentive effects. To reduce spill over effects to unintended household members, the study recommends offering part of the grant as ‘in-kind support’, which is specific to the intended individual beneficiary.
Fluorine-18-fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine Positron-emission Tomography Scans of Neuroendocrine Tumors (Carcinoids and Pheochromocytomas)
Authors: Zanzi Italo , Studentsova Yana , Bjelke David , Warner Richard , Babchyck Barry , Chaly Thomas 
Published: May 2017

Objectives:Conventional methods of imaging neuroendocrine tumors with computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, indium-111-octreotide, or radiolabeled metaiodobenzilguanidine scintigraphy have limitations. This pilot study tried to improve the localization of these tumors with fluorine-18-fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine (F-DOPA) positron-emission tomography (PET) scanning.Materials and Methods:We studied 22 patients, the majority of whom were referred with clinical diagnosis or suspicion of carcinoid (n= 11), neuroendocrine tumors (n= 7) or pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PGL) (n= 4). The comparison was made with the prior conventional imaging.Results:The F-DOPA findings were compared with the results of subsequent surgery (2), endoscopy (1), or a long-term follow-up (mean duration, 49 months) for 17 patients. Two patients were lost to follow-up. Foci of F-DOPA deposition were detected in eight patients (final diagnosis of carcinoid in six, of neuroendocrine tumors in one, and of PGL in another). Comparison with the final diagnoses revealed concordance in 16 of the 22 patients. F-DOPA results appeared superior to those obtained with conventional imaging. Despite the small number and diagnostic heterogeneity, in a substantial fraction of patients F-DOPA PET added information relevant to clinical management.Conclusion:F-DOPA scanning added prognostic value, particularly when multiple abnormal foci versus a negative examination were considered.
Antenatal Umbilical Coiling Index and Newborn Outcomes: Cohort Study
Authors: Ndolo Josephine Mwikali , Vinayak Sudhir , Silaba Micah Ominde , Stones William 
Published: May 2017

Objectives:
We aimed to test the predictive value of antenatal umbilical coiling index (aUCI) among a prospectively recruited cohort of antenatal women.

Methods:
Women with singleton pregnancies were recruited at their second-trimester scan. Images of the umbilical cord were used to calculate the aUCI. Pregnancy and birth outcomes were recorded and statistical associations between aUCI and small for gestational age (SGA) using international standard birth weight centiles and preterm birth were investigated (n = 430).

Results:
aUCI results were consistent with the literature and showed good reproducibility between observers. Abnormal aUCI was not associated with SGA, but there was a statistical association with preterm birth (odds ratio 3.3 (95% confidence interval 1.4–7.7, P = 0.003). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for preterm birth were 47.6%, 76.9%, 9.6%, and 96.6%, respectively.

Conclusions:
The coiling index is unlikely to be useful in clinical practice as a screening tool for preterm birth owing to limited predictive value. We exclude a statistically or clinically significant association between abnormal coiling and SGA.
An Integrated Interactive-Spaced Education Radiology Curriculum for Preclinical Students
Authors: Tshibwabwa Eli , Mallin Robert , Fraser Madeleine , Tshibwabwa Martin , Sanii Reza , Rice James , Cannon Jenifer 
Published: May 2017

Introduction:The objective of this study is to determine whether a radiology module, together with online spaced education, helps students of an integrated problem-based learning (PBL) curriculum increase their radiology knowledge and long-term retention.Materials and Methods:Second-year students at the American University of Antigua College of Medicine participated in small groups of ten students each into two 2 h of radiology laboratories. The study comprised two cohorts: winter and fall 2013 students (control group) and 2014 students (experimental group). Both groups used face-to-face PBL. The students of the experimental group received additional online-spaced education. The skills were assessed for both groups before the beginning of laboratories and 4 weeks and 7 months after laboratories.Results:There was no significant difference on pretest between the control and experimental groups. On completion of the radiology laboratories, comparison of test results before and after training showed net improvement for both groups. The corresponding difference for the experimental group was higher compared to the one for the control group (7.83 vs. 6.21,P< 0.001). The difference between the scores on delayed test and pretest showed that the students of both groups demonstrated average knowledge improvement even though their level of performance was slightly below the posttest. The corresponding difference for the experimental group did not differ much from the posttest (P> 0.05), and no significant difference of scores was observed 7 months later for either group. Further, a higher percentage of the students in the experimental group strongly agreed that their learning objectives were met (92% vs. 71%,P> 0.001), and this trend persisted throughout the study.Conclusion:Online spaced education combined to a face-to-face PBL enhances not only the student's knowledge of basic radiology along with his/her self-assessment skills but also the long-term retention of radiology material and satisfaction with the integrated interactive system-based module. Future research is needed to see if medical students in need of additional education support may benefit from spaced education in the field of remediation.
Cutting out arithmetic Teichmüller curves in genus two via Theta functions
Authors: Kappes André , Möller Martin 
Published: May 2017

We compute the class of arithmetic genus two Teichmüller curves in the Picard group of pseudo-Hilbert modular surfaces, distinguished according to their torsion order and spin invariant. As an application, we compute the number of genus two square-tiled surfaces with these invariants.
The main technical tool is the computation of divisor classes of Hilbert Jacobi forms on the universal abelian surface over the pseudo-Hilbert modular surface.
Authenticity through VR-based documentation of cultural heritage. A theoretical approach based on conservation and documentation practices
Authors: Muñoz Morcillo Jesús , Schaaf Franziska , Schneider Ralf H. , Robertson-von Trotha Caroline Y. 
Published: May 2017

<p>The visualization of 3D reconstructed artifacts often requires significant computing resources. The implementation of an object in a virtual reality (VR) application even necessitates the reduction of the polygonal mesh. Consequently, the communication and dissemination of “authentic” 3D reconstructions via immersive VR technologies has been a nearly impossible feat for many researchers. However, is the issue really computing resources, or is it rather the notion of authenticity in an “auratic” sense, i.e., an excessive focus on physical evidence and survey data? In the present paper, we will discuss the authenticity requirements for virtual archaeology as set by the Seville Principles(2011), and we will analyse some limitations related to the current approaches. Furthermore, we will propose a pluralistic notion based on the contextualization of 3D objects in VR environments with synesthetic (i.e. multisensory) information. This new notion of authenticity relies on conservation meanings rather than physical features. In line with this approach, two case studies will be commented: the multimodal 3D-documentation of the Jupiter Column(2AD) in Ladenburg, and the VR-based re-enactment of a modern work of art, the audio-kinetic sculpture Kaleidophonic Dog(1967) by Stephan von Huene. These two projects provide valuable data for a revision of the notion of authenticity in both virtual archaeology and art conservation.</p>