bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a weight‐based process for real‐time accurate confirmation of oral liquid controlled drug balances
Authors: Wembridge Paul , Ta Linda , Callinan Meegan , Chan Kayin , Fejgl Aliesha‐jane , Colaci Joshua , Zamani Mazdak 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo meet legislative requirements in Australia, the balance of controlled drugs (CDs) must be confirmed after completion of each transaction. This is particularly challenging for liquid CD formulations, and over the years, health organisations have implemented various methods of performing this task, including the use of visual aids or conversion of bulk formulations to individual unit doses. These methods have a number of limitations. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and feasibility of a weight‐based method for confirming oral liquid CD balances packed in multidose containers. This study was conducted in a palliative care ward of a metropolitan hospital over a 41‐day period. Morphine mixture 5 mg/1 mL transactions and balance checks were confirmed using weight calculations of the product bottle. The weights were then converted to volume using a locally developed electronic application, which was recorded in the relevant CD registers. The acceptable tolerance per transaction (±0.1 mL) was determined prior to commencement based on 80 test transactions. Throughout the trial period, 407 transactions were undertaken, among which there were no CD discrepancies. Nine nurses provided feedback via an anonymous online survey after the trial, mostly reporting that the new method was more accurate. However, participants also reported that it took on average 3 min longer to complete each transaction. In conclusion, utilising a weight‐based method of confirming liquid CD balances may present a feasible method of meeting legislative requirements related to the recording and accountability of CDs. This project was exempt due to the local policy requirements that constitute research by the Eastern Health Office of Research and Ethics (Reference no: QA24‐100‐111698). The justification for this ethics exemption was as follows: the study conformed with the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Ethical considerations in quality assurance and evaluation activities and did not directly affect patient care; written consent was not required from participants per local requirements, however staff were provided verbal and written project information and were informed their participation in the survey was voluntary and anonymous.
Nanomedicine for cancer patient‐centered care
Authors: Sorrentino Carlo , Ciummo Stefania Livia , Fieni Cristiano , Di Carlo Emma 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and an increase in incidence is estimated in the next future, due to population aging, which requires the development of highly tolerable and low‐toxicity cancer treatment strategies. The use of nanotechnology to tailor treatments according to the genetic and immunophenotypic characteristics of a patient's tumor, and to allow its targeted release, can meet this need, improving the efficacy of treatment and minimizing side effects. Nanomedicine‐based approach for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer is a rapidly evolving field. Several nanoformulations are currently in clinical trials, and some have been approved and marketed. However, their large‐scale production and use are still hindered by an in‐depth debate involving ethics, intellectual property, safety and health concerns, technical issues, and costs. Here, we survey the key approaches, with specific reference to organ‐on chip technology, and cutting‐edge tools, such as CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, through which nanosystems can meet the needs for personalized diagnostics and therapy in cancer patients. An update is provided on the nanopharmaceuticals approved and marketed for cancer therapy and those currently undergoing clinical trials. Finally, we discuss the emerging avenues in the field and the challenges to be overcome for the transfer of nano‐based precision oncology into clinical daily life.
Optimization of steel plate quality inspection driven by PscSE and SPPFELAN
Authors: Shan Sun , Wenguang Song 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBased on the improved YOLOv8n, a steel plate defect detection and recognition method is proposed to address the high labor costs and workload of traditional tasks. SPPFELAN processes inputs in parallel to enhance computational efficiency by executing multiple pooling operations simultaneously. The parallel feature fusion module PscSE, using a mixed‐dimension SE attention mechanism (scSE), captures global and channel‐related information better, improving characterization capability. The EIOU loss function addresses the ambiguous aspect ratio definition of CIOU loss, enhancing detection accuracy and accelerating convergence. Results show the YOLOv8n‐PscSE‐SPPFELAN model achieves 76.9% mAP@0.5 on the Northeastern University steel plate dataset, a 4.6% improvement over the original YOLOv8n, with a computation amount of 7.7 GFLOPs, reducing resource usage and greatly improving detection speed.
Phase Field Coupled Finite Deformation Plasticity Formulation of Ductile Fracture With Nonlinear Kinematic Hardening and Modified Energy Release Function
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Patel B. P. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTA ductile damage theory is presented by coupling the covariant formulation of finite deformation plasticity with the phase field modeling of fracture, including kinematic hardening for the ductile response of the materials. A phase field coupled nonlinear kinematic hardening equation is proposed in the reference configuration having equivalent representation through the Lie derivative of the kinematic hardening tensor by push‐forward operation in the spatial configuration, thus ensuring the satisfaction of frame invariance. To capture the correct physical response of the material by the phase field evolution equation, the fracture driving function, that is, the difference between the sum of elastic and plastic energies and threshold energy, after the damage initiation is modified by an energy release controlling function, which is an empirical relation of equivalent plastic strain. In defining the energy release controlling function, well‐defined points with physical significance in the experimental load versus displacement curve are used. To simulate the response of the material in relatively large time steps, a modified staggered scheme is presented, evaluating the fracture driving and energy release controlling functions from the previous converged step and using the updated phase field variable in the weak form of the momentum balance equation. To quantify different material parameters from available experimental results in the literature, the developed phase field coupled elasto‐plastic model uses a neural network optimization procedure consisting of neural network training together with optimization in MATLAB and finite element model evaluation in Abaqus user element subroutine UEL. Model capabilities are demonstrated by simulating the crack propagation in complex 3D geometries such as the second and third Sandia Fracture Challenges.
Avatrombopag Elevates Platelet Counts and Reduces Platelet Transfusions in Patients With Chronic Liver Diseases During the Perioperative Period of Liver Transplantation
Authors: Jia Yu , Zhang Yuyi , Chen Shirui , Jia Zehua , Fang Tongdi , Zhang Jiayi , Guo Zhiyong 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAvatrombopag has been approved for elevating platelet counts in patients with chronic liver diseases (CLDs) accompanied by thrombocytopenia (TCP). However, limited research focuses on its safety and efficacy in CLD patients during the perioperative period of liver transplantation (LT).MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled CLD patients with severe TCP who received avatrombopag during the perioperative period of LT and analyzed therapeutic efficacy, changes in platelet counts, and related adverse events. Comparisons were conducted between liver transplant recipients who received avatrombopag and those who did not use platelet‐raising drugs, focusing on intraoperative and postoperative bleeding as well as platelet transfusions.ResultsOf 93 patients who received avatrombopag, 67 cases (72%) achieved remission, with their platelet counts increasing to over 50 × 109/L without transfusion. Additionally, 38 cases (40.9%) reached platelet counts above 100 × 109/L, achieving complete remission. The overall remission rate was significantly correlated with the baseline platelet counts, suggesting that individuals with higher baselines (25−50 × 109/L vs. < 25 × 109/L) were more likely to achieve remission (82.1% vs. 57.7%, χ2 = 5.989, p = 0.014). Using propensity score‐overlap weighting to balance the baseline bias, we compared 33 liver transplant recipients who received avatrombopag to those who did not receive any platelet‐raising drugs. Recipients who used avatrombopag achieved significantly higher platelet counts both before and after propensity score‐overlap weighting ([63.76 ± 31.33] × 109/L vs. [45.73 ± 16.44] × 109/L, p = 0.004; [65.37 ± 38.41] × 109/L vs. [42.73 ± 17.27] × 109/L, p = 0.044) and required fewer intraoperative and postoperative platelet transfusions (p < 0.05). No adverse events related to avatrombopag were observed.ConclusionsAvatrombopag is safe and effective for CLD patients with TCP during the perioperative period of LT, resulting in elevated platelet counts and reduced need for platelet transfusions.
Benefits and challenges of reviewing across knowledge systems: ‘Gourmet omnivore’ pigs foraging in the wild
Authors: Molnár Zsolt , Demeter László , Szabados Klára , Kiš Alen , Ajvazović Milutin , Runjanin Borislav , Mandušić Vlada , Biró Marianna , Öllerer Kinga , Marinkov Jelena , Ulicsni Viktor , Babai Dániel , Katona Krisztián 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Evidence‐based conservation can benefit substantially from multiple knowledge sources and different knowledge systems. While traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and collaborative research are increasingly acknowledged, detailed cross‐knowledge system reviews are scarce and their methodology underdeveloped. We have two objectives: to prepare such a review and to discuss the benefits and challenges of such reviews.

We review pig keeping in forests and marshes, a historically widespread but nowadays almost extinct practice in Europe, but one with high potential for organic farming, conservation and restoration. We focus on what, when and how free‐ranging pigs forage in the wild. We review five knowledge sources: living and archived TEK, pig and wild boar scientific literature, and the authors' observations of foraging.

Unexpectedly, given the amount of available information, archived TEK differed considerably from living TEK of svinjars (Serbian: traditional pig keepers), and scientific knowledge on pig and boar foraging from TEK. Svinjars deeply understood the consumption and avoidance behaviour of pigs towards 98 and 56 plant taxa, and 42 and 17 animal taxa, respectively. Our review showed that pigs are gourmet omnivores, optimizing and switching between foraging on earthworms, acorns, grasses and corn. Discrepancies between knowledge sources were rare, for example on the consumption of woody roots, earthworms, mushrooms and snakes/lizards. Sources were also complementary, filling each other's knowledge gaps.

Topics where the cross‐knowledge system review was most fruitful were acorn foraging, browsing, earthworm and mushroom consumption. Differences in the contributions of the knowledge sources to the enriched picture resulted from the diverging interests and methodologies of the knowledge generators.

We identified and discussed both the benefits (different approaches of knowledge generation; expanded time scales; complementarity; novel cause–effect explanations; identification of knowledge gaps; and biases) and the challenges (how to identify relevant publications and knowledgeable TEK holders; how to collate knowledge and verify its reliability; and how to conduct a culturally respectful synthesis) of cross‐knowledge system reviewing.

Synthesis and applications. Cross‐knowledge system reviews help overcome limitations in ecological understanding and may provide a shared understanding among collaborating partners, build trust and foster acceptance of each other's knowledge as legitimate.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Visible Light–Induced Photocatalytic Degradation of 2,4,6‐Trichlorophenol Using Polyfuran/Polypyrrole Organic Photocatalysts
Authors: Farooq Aaliyah , Jain Sapan Kumar , Aazam Elham S. , Riaz Ufana 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWith a view to utilize an organic photocatalyst for the degradation of organic pollutant under visible light irradiation, the study reports degradation of 2,4,6‐trichlorophenol (TCP) utilizing a visible light active organic photocatalyst—polyfuran (PFu), polypyrrole (PPy), and their co‐oligomers formulated in the weight ratios of PFu/PPy 20/80, 50/50, and 80/20. Comprehensive characterization of PFu, PPy, and their co‐oligomers was conducted using UV–visible spectrometry, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM‐EDS). Under visible light irradiation, 100% of 40 ppm TCP was successfully degraded within a short duration of 30 min using 20 mg of the PFu/PPy‐50/50 catalyst. Furthermore, LCMS analysis of the degraded organic pollutant fragments provided insights into the tentative degradation process.
Cost–utility of nelarabine for the first‐line treatment of newly diagnosed pediatric T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Canada
Authors: Shoukry Roaa , Moskalewicz Alexandra , Bradley Nicole , Bond Elizabeth , Sala Mandy , Gupta Sumit , Gibson Paul , Pechlivanoglou Petros 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Children's Oncology Group (COG)‐AALL0434 trial investigated the addition of nelarabine to the augmented Berlin–Frankfurt–Münster (aBFM) protocol in patients (1.0–30.99 years) with newly diagnosed T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL). Despite demonstrating superior outcomes, nelarabine is not currently funded by many health systems, in part due to a lack of cost‐effectiveness data. We estimated the cost–utility of nelarabine for this indication from a Canadian public healthcare payer perspective.MethodsWe developed a microsimulation model that followed hypothetical patients with newly diagnosed T‐ALL from post‐induction therapy to death. Three health states were modeled: relapse‐free, post‐relapse, and death. Efficacy was estimated using AALL0434 and retrospective data from Ontario, Canada. Costs were obtained from Canadian sources. Utility estimates and long‐term mortality risks were sourced from literature. Total healthcare costs, quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs), and incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) were reported. Probabilistic and scenario analyses were conducted.ResultsIncorporating nelarabine in the aBFM protocol increased costs by $51,670 Canadian dollars per patient, but resulted in 1.97 more QALYs and an ICER of $26,184/QALY. Most of the identified cost and benefit were accrued within the AALL0434 trial period (first 11 years post diagnosis) and while patients were in the relapse‐free health state. Across multiple scenarios, the ICER was stable under an assumed $50,000/QALY threshold.ConclusionIncorporating nelarabine into aBFM was cost‐effective across different scenarios and assumptions. These results support its funding by public and private payers.
A thermodynamically‐based fractional model combined viscoelastic‐viscoplastic‐ductile damage with application to fiber‐reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Han Baozhi , Yin Deshun , Qin Shaopeng , Ma Liangzhu , Gao Yunfei , Ye Qiongyao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA thermodynamically‐based fractional viscoelastic‐viscoplastic‐damage constitutive model combined with continuous damage mechanics (CDM) theory was established, in order to describe the rate‐dependent nonlinear behavior of fiber‐reinforced polymer composites (FRPCs). The fractional Helmholtz free energy consists of four contributions: viscoelastic (VE), viscoplastic (VP), hardening and damage, in which the VE and VP parts are constructed by fractional Zener and Scott‐Blair (SB) element forms respectively. The constitutive equation is obtained through Helmholtz free energy for the fractional Zener model, and plastic flow and hardening evolution law are all derived in the process. The ductile damage, coupled to both VE and VP free energy parts, is introduced through fractional damage energy release rates to model the degradation of material properties. The corresponding strain energy release rate and dissipation contributions are also derived. The fractional implicit time integration algorithms of proposed model are presented. The model is applied to validate tests of FRPCs under various loading conditions. The model validation and comparison are presented by simulating experimental data and existing models in the literature. And the corresponding evolution of dissipated energy is discussed to further valid the characterization ability of the model.Highlights
A thermodynamical fractional constitutive model was developed for FRPCs.
The Helmholtz free‐energy potential for fractional Zener model is adopted.
The physical significance of fractional order parameters is explored.
Fractional implicit integration algorithm of proposed model is implemented.
The validation and comparison of the model are presented under various loads.
A case report of benzodiazepine withdrawal delirium due to accidental discontinuation of benzodiazepines in cancer perioperative period
Authors: Yamaguchi Junji , Sadahiro Ryoichi , Wada Saho , Nishikawa Eri , Terada Tatsuto , Nakahara Rika , Matsuoka Hiromichi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundBenzodiazepines are known for their possible risk of delirium, especially when administered to older adults or during the perioperative period. However, the risk of sudden discontinuation of benzodiazepines and subsequent withdrawal delirium seems to be underappreciated and not properly recognized in cancer treatment, even among healthcare workers.Case PresentationA man in his late 70s was diagnosed with rectal cancer and had a history of taking etizolam and alprazolam for over 15 years. After hospitalization for cancer, these benzodiazepines were discontinued abruptly 2 days before the surgery, due to concerns about benzodiazepine‐related delirium. After half a day, severe benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms, such as disorientation, agitation, tachycardia, diaphoresis, and muscle twitching, appeared. The patient was diagnosed with delirium associated with benzodiazepine withdrawal, and his symptoms subsided soon after re‐administration of benzodiazepines. Despite development of mild postoperative delirium, the operation was performed safely.ConclusionThe rapid and abrupt discontinuation of benzodiazepines before cancer surgery could impose a high risk of benzodiazepine withdrawal delirium in patients, which makes the management of psychiatric symptoms in the perioperative period more complex and difficult. We believe that it is necessary to highlight the risks of withdrawal delirium and abrupt benzodiazepine discontinuation in cancer treatment. Moreover, re‐education on this topic is essential for healthcare workers.
Multicentre Randomized Controlled Trial of a Nurse‐Led Sexual Rehabilitation Intervention to Rebuild Sexuality and Intimacy After Treatment for Gynecological Cancer
Authors: Chow Ka Ming , Porter‐steele Janine , Siu Ka Yi , Shum Wai Man , Lee Woon Lai , Choi Kai Chow , Chan Carmen W. H. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of a sexual rehabilitation program, SEXHAB, in improving sexual functioning, reducing sexual distress, and enhancing marital satisfaction for women after gynecological cancer treatment.MethodsThis is a randomized controlled trial that included 150 women newly diagnosed with gynecological cancer from three public hospitals in Hong Kong. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 78) to receive the SEXHAB or to an attention control group (n = 72) to receive attention. The SEXHAB comprises four individual‐ or couple‐based sessions with three major components: information provision, cognitive‐behavioral therapy and counseling using motivational interviewing skills. The outcomes were measured at baseline (T0), upon completion of the program (T1) and 12‐month post‐treatment (T2). Semi‐structured interviews were also conducted with the SEXHAB group participants to explore their experiences with and opinions toward the program.ResultsAt both follow‐ups, there were no statistically significant differences between groups in improving sexual functioning, sexual distress and marital satisfaction. Nevertheless, participants in the SEXHAB group reported their partners having significantly greater sexual interest at T1 (76% vs. 52%, rate ratio: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.99, p = 0.024) and T2 (74% vs. 48%, rate ratio: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.11 to 2.10, p = 0.014). From the qualitative interviews, the interviewees who resumed sexual activity reported positive experiences in rebuilding sexuality and intimacy.ConclusionsDespite the quantitative results are negative, the qualitative findings suggest potential benefits of the SEXHAB for women resuming sexual activities after treatment for gynecological cancer. Further studies with longer intervention period and follow‐ups are needed to confirm the intervention effects.
Higher dose antiviral therapy for herpes infections is associated with a risk of serious adverse events in older adults with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Olar Patricia , Garg Amit X. , Weir Matthew A. , Ahmadi Fatemeh , McArthur Eric , Lam Ngan N. , Sontrop Jessica M. , Muanda Flory T. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAntiviral use has been linked to encephalopathy and elevated serum creatinine concentrations in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in case reports. Using linked healthcare data in Ontario, we conducted a population‐based cohort study on adults aged ≥66 years not receiving dialysis and newly prescribed oral acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir in the outpatient setting (2008–2022) at higher versus lower doses. The primary composite outcome, a hospital visit with encephalopathy or acute kidney injury (AKI) within 14 days of initiating antiviral treatment, was examined in a primary cohort. AKI was assessed in a secondary cohort of older adults with CKD with available linked hospital‐based laboratory (lab) data. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting on the propensity score to balance comparison groups on baseline health. Weighted risk ratios (RR) and risk differences (RD) were obtained using modified Poisson and binomial regression. In the primary cohort, higher‐ versus lower‐dose antiviral was not associated with an increased 14‐day risk of hospital visit with encephalopathy or AKI. However, Higher‐ versus lower‐dose antiviral was associated with a higher risk of a hospital visit with AKI when assessed using lab values (weighted number of events, 70 of 8407 [0.83%] versus 18 of 8230 [0.22%], respectively; weighted RR, 3.83 [95% CI, 1.87–7.87]; weighted RD, 0.62% [95% CI, 0.37%–0.86%]). In older adults with CKD, starting an antiviral at a higher versus lower dose was associated with a higher risk of AKI, although the absolute risk of this event was <1%.