bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the Concurrent Validity of the Trauma Symptoms Checklist for Children
Authors: Kretschmar Jeff M. , Butcher Fredrick , Tossone Krystel , Beale Bobbi L. 
Published: November 2016

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the concurrent validity of the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (TSCC) using associated behavioral health diagnoses. Methods: The sample included 2,544 youth participating in a juvenile justice diversion program for youth with behavioral health issues. Youth received a full diagnostic assessment and completed the TSCC. Analyses of variance examined the relationship between TSCC subscale scores and behavioral health diagnoses. Results: The TSCC subscales were often able to differentiate between youth with and without Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diagnoses of different classes. For example, youth diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) reported significantly higher means on the TSCC Anxiety Scale than did youth without GAD. Conclusions: The TSCC is a popular trauma symptomatology screening tool, and the current study provides support for its concurrent validity with behavioral health diagnoses. The TSCC provides helpful information that can serve to reinforce clinical decisions around diagnoses and treatment planning.
Design and implementation of Pharyngeal electrical Stimulation for early de-cannulation in TRACheotomized (PHAST-TRAC) stroke patients with neurogenic dysphagia: a prospective randomized single-blinded interventional study
Authors: Dziewas Rainer , Mistry Satish , Hamdy Shaheen , Minnerup Jens , Van Der Tweel Ingeborg , Schäbitz Wolf , Bath Philip M ,   on behalf of the PHAST-TRAC Investigators
Published: November 2016

Rationale Ongoing dysphagia in stroke patients weaned from mechanical ventilation often requires long-term tracheotomy to protect the airway from aspiration. In a recently reported single-centre pilot study, a significantly larger proportion (75%) of tracheotomized dysphagic stroke patients regained sufficient control of airway management allowing tracheotomy tube removal (decannulation) 24–72 h after pharyngeal electrical stimulation (PES) compared to controls who received standard therapy over the same time period (20%). Aim To assess the safety and efficacy of PES in accelerating dysphagia rehabilitation and enabling decannulation of tracheotomized stroke patients. Design International multi-centre prospective randomized controlled single-blind trial in approximately 126 ICU patients (the 90th percentile of the calculated maximum sample size). Study outcomes Primary outcome: proportion of stroke patients considered safe for decannulation 24–72 h after PES compared to control patients who do not receive PES. Key secondary outcomes focus on: dysphagia severity, decannulation rates, decannulation rate after a repeat PES treatment in patients persistently dysphagic after an initial PES treatment, stroke severity, duration of ICU-stay, occurrence of adverse events including pneumonia and need for recannulation over 30 days or until hospital discharge (if earlier). Discussion Dysphagia and related airway complications are reported as one of the main reasons for stroke patients remaining tracheotomized once successfully weaned from ventilation. This study will evaluate if PES can improve airway safety sufficiently enough to allow earlier tracheotomy tube removal.
Number needed to screen for acute revascularization trials in stroke: Prognostic and predictive imaging biomarkers
Authors: Hou Qinghua , Patrie James L , Xin Wenjun , Michel Patrik , Jovin Tudor , Eskandari Ashraf , Wintermark Max 
Published: November 2016

Objective To systematically assess imaging biomarkers on CT-based multimodal imaging for their being predictive versus prognostic biomarkers for intravenous and endovascular (IA) revascularization therapy, and for their prevalence. Methods Our retrospective study included patients suspected of acute ischemic stroke with admission work-up including a non-contrast head CT, perfusion CT, and CT angiography. Modified Rankin scores at 90 days were used as outcomes. For each imaging biomarker, the effect size of the test of interaction between the presence of the biomarker and the treatment effect was calculated, allowing the inference of a total sample size. The total sample size required was combined with the prevalence of the biomarker to determine the number needed to screen. Results In the 0–4.5-h time window, the two predictive biomarkers associated with the smallest number needed to screen were perfusion CT penumbra ≥ 20% (404 NNS) and CT angiography collateral score ≥ 2 (581 NNS). In the 3–9-h time window, the four predictive biomarkers associated with the smallest number needed to screen were clot burden score (CBS) on CT angiography (1181 NNS), clot length ≥ 10 mm (1924 NNS), CBS and clot length ≥ 10 mm (1132 NNS), and CBS and perfusion CT penumbra ≥ 100% (1374 NNS). Perfusion CT ischemic core was a prognostic biomarker in both time windows. Interpretation Predictive biomarkers need to be differentiated from prognostic biomarkers when being considered to select patients for a trial, and their prevalence should be assessed to determine the number needed to screen and overall feasibility of the trials.
Radiofrequency Thermal Lesioning and Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy: A Comparison of Two Methods in the Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Ozan Fırat , Koyuncu Şemmi , Gürbüz Kaan , Öncel Eyyüp Sabri , Altay Taşkın 
Published: November 2016

We compared the results of radiofrequency thermal lesioning (RTL) and extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) in patients with chronic plantar fasciitis. This prospective study included 56 patients diagnosed with plantar fasciitis who had complaints for ≥6 months: 40 (group 1) underwent ESWT and 16 (group 2) underwent RTL. The presence of calcaneal spurs was investigated with imaging studies. All patients were followed up clinically at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. Clinical evaluations were performed by the visual analog scale (VAS) and the modified Roles-Maudsley (RM) scoring system. There was no significant difference in the age, sex, body mass index, and side of involvement between the groups (all P > .05). Radiographic evaluation showed calcaneal spurs in 22 patients (55%) in group 1 and 7 patients (43%) in group 2. There was no significant difference in the baseline and posttreatment values between the groups; however, group 2 had significantly different RM values at 1 month than group 1 ( P < .05). In both groups, the VAS scores significantly decreased at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment ( P < .05). The RM scores at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment significantly decreased in both groups, except for the RM values at 1 month after treatment in group 1 ( P < .05). Our study results suggest that RTL and ESWT are safe and effective treatments in patients with chronic plantar fasciitis. Levels of Evidence: Level II: Therapeutic study
The Regionalization of Total Ankle Arthroplasties and Ankle Fusions in New York State: A 10-Year Comparative Analysis
Authors: Buza John A. , Liu James X. , Jancuska Jeffrey , Bosco Joseph A. 
Published: November 2016

Background. Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) provides an alternative to ankle fusion (AF). The purpose of this study is to (1) determine the extent of TAA regionalization, as well as examine the growth of TAA performed at high-, medium-, and low-volume New York State institutions and (2) compare this regionalization and growth with AF. Methods. The New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) administrative data were used to identify 737 primary TAA and 7453 AF from 2005 to 2014. The volume of TAA and AF surgery in New York State was mapped according to patient and hospital 3-digit zip code. Results. The number of TAA per year grew 1500% (from 11 to 177) from 2005 to 2014, while there was a 35.6% reduction (from 895 to 576) in yearly AF procedures. TAA recipients were widely distributed throughout the state, while TAA procedures were regionalized to a few select metropolitan centers. AF procedures were performed more uniformly than TAA. The number of TAA has continued to increase at high- (15 to 91) and medium-volume (14 to 67) institutions where it has decreased at low-volume institutions (44 to 19). Conclusion. The increased utilization of TAA is attributed to relatively few high-volume centers located in major metropolitan centers. Levels of Evidence: Level IV: well-designed case-control or cohort studies
Diversity of human and mouse homeobox gene expression in development and adult tissues
Authors: Dunwell Thomas L. , Holland Peter W. H. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Background
Homeobox genes encode a diverse set of transcription factors implicated in a vast range of biological processes including, but not limited to, embryonic cell fate specification and patterning. Although numerous studies report expression of particular sets of homeobox genes, a systematic analysis of the tissue specificity of homeobox genes is lacking.

Results
Here we analyse publicly-available transcriptome data from human and mouse developmental stages, and adult human tissues, to identify groups of homeobox genes with similar expression patterns. We calculate expression profiles for 242 human and 278 mouse homeobox loci across a combination of 59 human and 12 mouse adult tissues, early and late developmental stages. This revealed 20 human homeobox genes with widespread expression, primarily from the TALE, CERS and ZF classes. Most homeobox genes, however, have greater tissue-specificity, allowing us to compile homeobox gene expression lists for neural tissues, immune tissues, reproductive and developmental samples, and for numerous organ systems. In mouse development, we propose four distinct phases of homeobox gene expression: oocyte to zygote; 2-cell; 4-cell to blastocyst; early to mid post-implantation. The final phase change is marked by expression of ANTP class genes. We also use these data to compare expression specificity between evolutionarily-based gene classes, revealing that ANTP, PRD, LIM and POU homeobox gene classes have highest tissue specificity while HNF, TALE, CUT and CERS are most widely expressed.

Conclusions
The homeobox genes comprise a large superclass and their expression patterns are correspondingly diverse, although in a broad sense related to an evolutionarily-based classification. The ubiquitous expression of some genes suggests roles in general cellular processes; in contrast, most human homeobox genes have greater tissue specificity and we compile useful homeobox datasets for particular tissues, organs and developmental stages. The identification of a set of eutherian-specific homeobox genes peaking from human 8-cell to morula stages suggests co-option of new genes to new developmental roles in evolution.
Nuclear detection in 4D microscope images of a developing embryo using an enhanced probability map of top-ranked intensity-ordered descriptors
Authors: Han Xian-Hua , Tohsato Yukako , Kyoda Koji , Onami Shuichi , Nishikawa Ikuko , Chen Yen-Wei 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Nuclear detection in embryos is an indispensable process for quantitative analysis of the development of multicellular organisms. Due to the overlap in the distribution of pixel intensity of nuclear and cytoplasmic regions and the large variation of pixel intensity even within the same type of cellular components in different embryos, it is difficult to separate nuclear regions from the surrounding cytoplasmic region in differential interference contrast (DIC) microscope image. This study explores a discriminative representation of a local patch around a fixed pixel, called top-ranked intensity-ordered descriptor (TRIOD), which is prospected to distinguish the smoothed texture in the nucleus from the irregular texture in cytoplasm containing yolk granules. Then, a probability process is employed to model nuclear TRIOD prototypes, and the enhanced nuclear probability map can be constructed with the TRIODs of all pixels in a DIC microscope image. Finally, a distance-regularized level set method, which not only considers the probability change in a nearby pixel but also regularizes the contour smoothness, is applied to refine the initial localization by simply thresholding on the enhanced probability map. Experimental results show that the proposed strategy can give much better performance for segmentation of nuclear regions than the conventional strategies.
Inexigibilidade de licitação para serviços técnicos profissionais especializados na área da advocacia
Authors: Cademartori Luiz Henrique Urquhart , Moraes Leonardo Bruno Pereira de 
Published: November 2016

O artigo analisará a construção do instituto da inexigibilidade de licitação para contratação de serviços advocatícios como espécie de serviço técnico profissional especializado, previsto no art. 25, II, da Lei no 8.666/1993. Inicialmente, caracterizam-se os seus conceitos essenciais como o objeto singular, a notória especialização e a singularidade da contratação. Diante desse cenário, abordar-se-á a discricionariedade do administrador no processo decisório de contratação direta, assim como sua responsabilidade em justificar os atos praticados durante o estabelecimento da inexigibilidade de licitação. Da perspectiva e análise dos julgamentos recentes do Superior Tribunal de Justiça e do Supremo Tribunal Federal, conclui-se pela possibilidade de contratação direta de advogados e escritórios de advocacia pela administração pública, desde que respeitados os requisitos legais. This article will analyze the construction of the institute of sole-source acquisition concerning legal firms as a type of specialized professional service, provided in art. 25, II, of Federal Law n. 8.666/93. Initially, the essential elements will be explained such as the singular object of the contract; the notorious specialization of the person/company who was awarded the contract; and the singularity of the case. Given this scenario, the study will approach the discretion of the public official in the decision making process of direct contracting, as well as their responsibility to justify the acts performed during the establishment of the sole-source acquisition. Under the perspective of the recent rulings of the Superior Court of Justice and the Federal Supreme Court, the article settles the possibility of direct contracting of lawyers and law firms by the Public Administration, as long as the legal requirements are respected.
Desajustes regulatórios no financiamento do setor elétrico: uma análise da conta de desenvolvimento energético
Authors: Schapiro Mario G. 
Published: November 2016

Este artigo procura discutir um desajuste regulatório no setor elétrico brasileiro, que tem gerado o aumento substantivo da conta de luz, principalmente para os consumidores cativos. Esse desajuste é ocasionado por dois fatores complementares. Um deles é a ampliação do leque de políticas públicas custeadas por um encargo setorial, a Conta de Desenvolvimento Energético (CDE). O outro é a retração das subvenções do Tesouro, que vinham ocorrendo desde 2013, quando a CDE passou a se encarregar de um maior volume de atividades. O artigo descreve esse fato e explora duas implicações jurídicas a ele associadas. Primeiro, ao financiar atividades que extrapolam o escopo direto do serviço de energia, a CDE resvala em um desvio da legalidade que compõe o regime das finanças públicas: há uma tributação camuflada como tarifa. Segundo, a tributação via tarifa expõe os usuários a um aumento tarifário sem os correspondentes freios e contrapesos apresentados pelo sistema tributário. This paper aims at discussing a regulatory imbalance at the electricity sector. Prices paid in Brazilian electric sector has suffered a substantial increase since the beginning of this year. Such imbalance occurred because of two complementary reasons. The expansion of the Energetic Development Account (CDE) is one of them. Consumer finances this account and government recently increased CDE assignments in order to amplify its policy-making possibilities. The other reason is the downturn in government subsidies, which started in 2013 once CDE was redirected to a larger amount of policies. Behind this fact, there are two related legal implications. First of all, by financing services that overcome the electricity sector with resources paid by consumers, Federal Government has been imposing by flexible a cost that should be imposed exclusively by tax Law. The second implication is that disguising CDE tax nature exposes consumers to potential price increasing and deprives them from the checks and balances required by tax system in Brazilian constitution.
Desregulamentação e continuidade na intervenção estatal sobre o domínio econômico: o caso das cotas de importação favorecida de açúcar
Authors: Pereira Neto Caio Mario da Silva , Adami Mateus Piva , Carvalho Felipe Moreira de 
Published: November 2016

A desregulamentação de setores econômicos com histórico de forte intervenção estatal pode ser um processo marcado por contradições. Neste artigo, analisamos o caso da Lei no 9.362/1996, que desconstituiu mecanismos de intervenção históricos no setor açucareiro, mas manteve — e fortaleceu — um peculiar mecanismo de alocação de direitos de exportação para “mercados preferenciais” (países desenvolvidos que adotam medidas protecionistas para importações de açúcar). Argumentamos pela inconstitucionalidade da manutenção desse mecanismo, que estabelece reserva de mercado e substitui a lógica de funcionamento do mercado de exportações de açúcar por política de planejamento vinculativo. Deregulation of industries with a strong background of state intervention may be a contradictory process. This article analyzes Law 9.362/96, which liberalized the sugar industry, but maintained — and reinforced — a peculiar mechanism for the allocation of import quotas for “preferential markets” (developed countries which adopt protectionist policies for sugar imports). We argue that this quota allocation mechanism is unconstitutional, as prevents access to sugar exportation by potential interested parties, replacing market mechanisms with a binding planification policy.
REGIONAL ASPECTS OF INNOVATION
Authors: Шипкова Елена , Shipkova E , Борисова Наталья , Borisova Natalya , Борисов Александр , Borisov Alyeksandr 
Published: November 2016

Innovative processes, innovative projects in the current conditions of economic entities of the economy are an effective means of competition for leadership positions in the market economy and a focus on the creation of new needs, increasing profitability of products, investment.
The work area is presented as a social, ecological and economic system. We consider innovation indicators of the Orenburg region. The problems of innovative development of the region. It presents the characteristics of innovation management at the regional level.
The study of the regional aspects of innovation activity in the region is an attempt to develop a mechanism of innovation development of regional socio-ecological-economic system, which will allow for a continuous process of interaction between all the elements of the system and to ensure the achievement of the business entities of strategic guidelines for regional development.
Regional aspects of innovative activity
Authors: Куценко Екатерина , Kutsenko Ekaterina , Солдаткина О , Soldatkina O 
Published: November 2016

Innovative processes, innovative projects in the current conditions of economic entities of the economy are an effective means of competition for leadership positions in the market economy and a focus on the creation of new needs, increasing profitability of products, investment.
The work area is presented as a social, ecological and economic system. We consider innovation indicators of the Orenburg region. The problems of innovative development of the region. It presents the characteristics of innovation management at the regional level.
The study of the regional aspects of innovation activity in the region is an attempt to develop a mechanism of innovation development of regional socio-ecological-economic system, which will allow for a continuous process of interaction between all the elements of the system and to ensure the achievement of the business entities of strategic guidelines for regional development.
Discordance between ICD-Coded Myocardial Infarction and Diagnosis according to the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Díaz-Garzón Jorge , Sandoval Yader , Smith Stephen W , Love Sara , Schulz Karen , Thordsen Sarah E , Johnson Benjamin K , Driver Brian , Jacoby Katherine , Carlson Michelle D , Dodd Kenneth W , Moore Johanna , Scott Nathaniel L , Bruen Charles A , Hatch Ryan , Apple Fred S 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding is the standard diagnostic tool for healthcare management. At present, type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) classification by the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (MI) remains ignored in the ICD system. We determined the concordance for the diagnosis of MI using ICD-9 coding vs the Universal Definition.

METHODS
Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) was measured by both contemporary (cTnI) and high-sensitivity (hs-cTnI) assays in 1927 consecutive emergency department (ED) patients [Use of TROPonin In Acute coronary syndromes (UTROPIA) cohort] who had cTnI ordered on clinical indication. All patients were adjudicated using both contemporary and hs-cTnI assays. The Kappa index and McNemar test were used to assess concordance between ICD-9 code 410 and type 1 MI (T1MI) and type 2 MI (T2MI).

RESULTS
Among the 249 adjudicated MIs using the contemporary cTnI, only 69 (28%) were ICD-coded MIs. Of 180 patients not ICD coded as MI, 34 (19%) were T1MI and 146 (81%) were T2MI. For the ICD-coded MIs, 79% were T1MI and 21% were T2MI. A fair Kappa index, 0.386, and a McNemar difference of 0.0892 (P &lt; 0.001) were found. Among the 207 adjudicated MIs using the hs-cTnI assay, 67 (32%) were ICD coded as MI. Of the 140 patients not ICD coded as MI, 27 (19%) were T1MI and 113 (81%) were T2MI. For the ICD-coded MIs, 85% were T1MI and 15% T2MI. A moderate Kappa index, 0.439, and a McNemar difference of 0.0674 (P &lt; 0.001) were found.

CONCLUSIONS
ICD-9–coded MIs captured only a small proportion of adjudicated MIs, primarily from not coding T2MI. Our findings emphasize the need for an ICD code for T2MI.