bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of control over eating before and during early pregnancy among community women with overweight and obesity
Authors: Kolko Rachel P. , Emery Rebecca L. , Marcus Marsha D. , Levine Michele D. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study examined the prevalence of and changes in loss of control over eating (LOC) among pregnant women with overweight/obesity, along with associations between LOC and depressive symptoms and stress.MethodCommunity women (N = 200; body mass index ≥ 25; 12–20 weeks gestation) reported LOC before and during early pregnancy using the Eating Disorder Examination, which was adapted for administration in pregnancy. Women self‐reported depressive symptoms and stress during early pregnancy.ResultsTwenty‐eight percent (n = 56) of women reported LOC before or during early pregnancy: 14.5% (n = 29) reported LOC incidence during early pregnancy, 9.5% (n = 19) reported LOC persistence from prepregnancy to early pregnancy, and 4.0% (n = 8) reported LOC prepregnancy only. Women with LOC reported more depressive symptoms and stress than did those without. Women with LOC persistence reported clinically significant depressive symptoms and elevated stress. Levels of depressive symptoms and stress differed between women with LOC persistence and those without LOC (ps < 0.05).DiscussionLOC during pregnancy was prevalent and associated with distress, particularly when present before and during pregnancy. Among women with LOC, few reported remission, but one‐half reported onset during early pregnancy. Longitudinal studies are needed among mothers with overweight/obesity to identify patterns of LOC throughout pregnancy and how LOC affects perinatal outcomes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.(Int J Eat Disord 2017; 50:582–586)
Phenological asynchrony between host plant and gypsy moth reduces insect gut microbiota and susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis
Authors: Martemyanov Vyacheslav V. , Belousova Irina A. , Pavlushin Sergey V. , Dubovskiy Ivan M. , Ershov Nikita I. , Alikina Tatyana Y. , Kabilov Marsel R. , Glupov Victor V. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe phenological synchrony between the emergence of overwintering herbivorous insects and the budding of host plants is considered a crucial factor in the population dynamics of herbivores. However, the mechanisms driving the interactions between the host plant, herbivores, and their pathogens are often obscure. In the current study, an artificially induced phenological asynchrony was used to investigate how the asynchrony between silver birch Betula pendula and gypsy moth Lymantria dispar affects the immunity of the insect to bacteria, its susceptibility to the entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis, and the diversity in its midgut microbiota. The lysozyme‐like activity in both the midgut and hemolymph plasma and the nonspecific esterase activity and antimicrobial peptide gene expression in the midgut were studied in both noninfected and B. thuringiensis‐infected larvae. Our results provide the first evidence that phenologically asynchronous larvae are less susceptible to B. thuringiensis infection than phenologically synchronous larvae, and our results show that these effects are related to the high basic levels and B. thuringiensis‐induced levels of lysozyme‐like activities. Moreover, a 16S rRNA analysis revealed that dramatic decreases in the diversity of the larval gut bacterial consortia occurred under the effect of asynchrony. Larvae infected with B. thuringiensis presented decreased microbiota diversity if the larvae were reared synchronously with the host plant but not if they were reared asynchronously. Our study demonstrates the significant effect of phenological asynchrony on innate immunity‐mediated interactions between herbivores and entomopathogenic bacteria and highlights the role of nonpathogenic gut bacteria in these interactions.
Optimizing performance of nonparametric species richness estimators under constrained sampling
Authors: Rajakaruna Harshana , Drake D. Andrew R. , T. Chan Farrah , Bailey Sarah A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractUnderstanding the functional relationship between the sample size and the performance of species richness estimators is necessary to optimize limited sampling resources against estimation error. Nonparametric estimators such as Chao and Jackknife demonstrate strong performances, but consensus is lacking as to which estimator performs better under constrained sampling. We explore a method to improve the estimators under such scenario. The method we propose involves randomly splitting species‐abundance data from a single sample into two equally sized samples, and using an appropriate incidence‐based estimator to estimate richness. To test this method, we assume a lognormal species‐abundance distribution (SAD) with varying coefficients of variation (CV), generate samples using MCMC simulations, and use the expected mean‐squared error as the performance criterion of the estimators. We test this method for Chao, Jackknife, ICE, and ACE estimators. Between abundance‐based estimators with the single sample, and incidence‐based estimators with the split‐in‐two samples, Chao2 performed the best when CV < 0.65, and incidence‐based Jackknife performed the best when CV > 0.65, given that the ratio of sample size to observed species richness is greater than a critical value given by a power function of CV with respect to abundance of the sampled population. The proposed method increases the performance of the estimators substantially and is more effective when more rare species are in an assemblage. We also show that the splitting method works qualitatively similarly well when the SADs are log series, geometric series, and negative binomial. We demonstrate an application of the proposed method by estimating richness of zooplankton communities in samples of ballast water. The proposed splitting method is an alternative to sampling a large number of individuals to increase the accuracy of richness estimations; therefore, it is appropriate for a wide range of resource‐limited sampling scenarios in ecology.
Potential and limitations of inferring ecosystem photosynthetic capacity from leaf functional traits
Authors: Musavi Talie , Migliavacca Mirco , van de Weg Martine Janet , Kattge Jens , Wohlfahrt Georg , van Bodegom Peter M. , Reichstein Markus , Bahn Michael , Carrara Arnaud , Domingues Tomas F. , Gavazzi Michael , Gianelle Damiano , Gimeno Cristina , Granier André , Gruening Carsten , Havránková Kateřina , Herbst Mathias , Hrynkiw Charmaine , Kalhori Aram , Kaminski Thomas , Klumpp Katja , Kolari Pasi , Longdoz Bernard , Minerbi Stefano , Montagnani Leonardo , Moors Eddy , Oechel Walter C. , Reich Peter B. , Rohatyn Shani , Rossi Alessandra , Rotenberg Eyal , Varlagin Andrej , Wilkinson Matthew , Wirth Christian , Mahecha Miguel D. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study was to systematically analyze the potential and limitations of using plant functional trait observations from global databases versus in situ data to improve our understanding of vegetation impacts on ecosystem functional properties (EFPs). Using ecosystem photosynthetic capacity as an example, we first provide an objective approach to derive robust EFP estimates from gross primary productivity (GPP) obtained from eddy covariance flux measurements. Second, we investigate the impact of synchronizing EFPs and plant functional traits in time and space to evaluate their relationships, and the extent to which we can benefit from global plant trait databases to explain the variability of ecosystem photosynthetic capacity. Finally, we identify a set of plant functional traits controlling ecosystem photosynthetic capacity at selected sites. Suitable estimates of the ecosystem photosynthetic capacity can be derived from light response curve of GPP responding to radiation (photosynthetically active radiation or absorbed photosynthetically active radiation). Although the effect of climate is minimized in these calculations, the estimates indicate substantial interannual variation of the photosynthetic capacity, even after removing site‐years with confounding factors like disturbance such as fire events. The relationships between foliar nitrogen concentration and ecosystem photosynthetic capacity are tighter when both of the measurements are synchronized in space and time. When using multiple plant traits simultaneously as predictors for ecosystem photosynthetic capacity variation, the combination of leaf carbon to nitrogen ratio with leaf phosphorus content explains the variance of ecosystem photosynthetic capacity best (adjusted R2 = 0.55). Overall, this study provides an objective approach to identify links between leaf level traits and canopy level processes and highlights the relevance of the dynamic nature of ecosystems. Synchronizing measurements of eddy covariance fluxes and plant traits in time and space is shown to be highly relevant to better understand the importance of intra‐ and interspecific trait variation on ecosystem functioning.
High‐Performance Supercapacitor Based on Polyaniline/Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Composite with KOH
Authors: Xie Fangyuan , Kou Chuang , Yuan Yuan , Zhu Wenliang , Zhu Juncheng , Zhu Jiliang , Zhu Xiaohong , Pezzotti Giuseppe 
Published: September 2016

AbstractNew solutions for electrochemical supercapacitors are currently sought to complement or even replace conventional battery elements. This report presents a novel and simple approach to fabricate a polyaniline (PANI)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) composite with KOH electrode materials. The fabrication procedure is simple (i.e., a thermal treatment performed in air at low temperature) and potentially suitable for large‐scale applications of supercapacitors. The areal capacitance of the liquid device is 753 mF cm−2 with a mass loading of 20 mg cm−2 and the highest energy density is 108 μWh cm−2 with a power density of 6.8 mW cm−2. The areal capacitance of the all‐solid‐state device is 671 mF cm−2 with a mass loading of 20 mg cm−2 and the highest energy density is 75 μWh cm−2 with a power density of 5 mW cm−2. Both the liquid device and all‐solid‐state device based on the PANI/PVDF composite with KOH have good cycling stability. In particular, the newly developed, highly flexible all‐solid‐state supercapacitor showed only 4 % decrease in specific capacitance after 10 000 cycles; this is very competitive among recently reported research. Moreover, the new supercapacitor device is extremely light in weight and highly flexible in its structure. All of these unique characteristics make this novel supercapacitor suitable and innovative for flexible energy storage.
P‐AOMDV: An improved routing protocol for V2V communication based on public transport backbones
Authors: Alves Junior Joilson ,  Wille Emilio C. G. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTThe Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks consider the vehicle‐to‐vehicle communication to provide safety and entertainment to their users. Vehicle‐to‐vehicle networks are self‐organized and self‐managed mobile networks with decentralized control, being independent of fixed infrastructures. These networks are also characterized by the high mobility of nodes (vehicles), the scarce or unbalanced traffic, and the restrictions imposed by the roads. Such characteristics imply lack of connectivity and low performance of the protocols. Many studies claim that the use of fixed infrastructure with classic routing protocols may provide connectivity and allow the use of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks. Meanwhile, the associated costs are too high, which make them unable most of the times. A way to overcome these problems is to deploy a reliable infrastructure that will bear the routing protocol out. This paper proposes the construction of a new routing protocol, named Priority Ad Hoc On‐demand Multipath Distance Vector (P‐AOMDV), which has the capability of acting together with a mobile backbone formed by public transport buses (MOB‐NET) and, consequently, to minimize the effects of the lack of connectivity and to improve network performance. The P‐AOMDV can discover many routes between source and destination, allowing the nodes to have a broad vision of the network, being able to take routing decisions considering metrics that are not limited to the number of hops. Simulation experiments have shown that the pair P‐AOMDV/MOB‐NET can improve metrics like packet delivery ratio (PDR) and active route ratio (ARR) and, at the same time, minimize problems due to route breakage and route unavailability.
Impact of Croton argyrophyllus essential oil on behavioural models of nociception
Authors: Ramos José Mirabeau de Oliveira , Santos Cliomar Alves dos , Santana Danielle Gomes , Antoniolli Angelo Roberto , Santos Darlisson de Alexandria , Alves Péricles Barreto , Thomazzi Sara Maria 
Published: September 2016

AbstractCroton argyrophyllus Kunth (Euphorbiaceae) is a shrub abundant in the northeast region of Brazil where it possesses ethnobotanical use. To assess the antinociceptive action of C. argyrophyllus, studies were conducted in behavioural models of nociception, and some of the mechanisms given under this effect investigated. The essential oil (EO) of C. argyrophyllus leaves (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg) was used in mice via the oral route in both the chemicals (acetic acid, formalin, capsaicin and glutamate) and thermal nociception models. The EO produced inhibition of acetic acid‐induced visceral pain (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and it produced a significant antinociception effect in the hot plate test (100 mg/kg). In the formalin test, the EO caused significant inhibition of both the early (100 mg/kg) and the late (30 and 100 mg/kg) phases of formalin‐induced licking. The EO (30 and 100 mg/kg) also caused significant inhibition of capsaicin‐ and glutamate‐induced pain. The EO (100 mg/kg) antinociception in the hot plate test was significantly attenuated by treatment with naloxone. In contrast, the EO (100 mg/kg) antinociception in the abdominal constriction test was not affected by treatment of mice with L‐arginine. The present results suggest that the EO from C. argyrophyllus produced antinociception in several models of pain in mechanisms that involved glutamatergic and opioid systems. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Depth‐dependence of visual signals in the human superior colliculus at 9.4 T
Authors: Loureiro Joana R. , Hagberg Gisela E. , Ethofer Thomas , Erb Michael , Bause Jonas , Ehses Philipp , Scheffler Klaus , Himmelbach Marc 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe superior colliculus (SC) is a layered structure located in the midbrain. We exploited the improved spatial resolution and BOLD signal strength available at 9.4 T to investigate the depth profile of visual BOLD responses in the human SC based on distortion‐corrected EPI data with a 1 mm isotropic resolution. We used high resolution (350 µm in‐plane) anatomical images to determine regions‐of‐interest of the SC and applied a semi‐automated method to segment it into superficial, intermediate, and deep zones. A greater than linear increase in sensitivity of the functional signal at 9.4 T allowed us to detect a statistically significant depth pattern in a group analysis with a 20 min stimulation paradigm. Descriptive data showed consistent depth profiles also in single individuals. The highest signals were localized to the superficial layers of the right and left SC during contralateral stimulation, which was in good agreement with its functional architecture known from non‐human primates. This study thus demonstrates the potential of 9.4 T MRI for functional neuroimaging even in deeply located, particularly challenging brain structures such as the SC. Hum Brain Mapp 38:574–587, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effects of irradiation on the biological and biomechanical properties of an acellular porcine superflexor tendon graft for cruciate ligament repair
Authors: Edwards Jennifer H. , Herbert Anthony , Jones Gemma L. , Manfield Iain W. , Fisher John , Ingham Eileen 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAcellular xenogeneic tissues have the potential to provide ‘off‐the‐shelf’ grafts for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair. To ensure that such grafts are sterile following packaging, it is desirable to use terminal sterilization methods. Here, the effects of gamma and electron beam irradiation on the biological and biomechanical properties of a previously developed acellular porcine superflexor tendon (pSFT) were investigated. Irradiation following treatment with peracetic acid was compared to peracetic acid treatment alone and the stability of grafts following long‐term storage assessed. Irradiation did not affect total collagen content or biocompatibility (determined using a contact cytotoxicity assay) of the grafts, but slightly increased the amount of denatured collagen in and decreased the thermal denaturation temperature of the tissue in a dose dependant fashion. Biomechanical properties of the grafts were altered by irradiation (reduced ultimate tensile strength and Young's modulus, increased failure strain), but remained superior to reported properties of the native human ACL. Long term storage at 4°C had no negative effects on the grafts. Of all the conditions tested, a dose of minimum 25 kGy of gamma irradiation had least effect on the grafts, suggesting that this dose produces a biocompatible pSFT graft with adequate mechanical properties for ACL repair. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2477–2486, 2017.
Evaluating radiocarpal cartilage matrix changes 3‐months after anti‐TNF treatment for rheumatoid arthritis using MR T1ρ imaging
Authors: Ku Eric , Pedoia Valentina , Tanaka Matthew , Heilmeier Ursula , Imboden John , Graf Jonathan , Link Thomas , Li Xiaojuan 
Published: September 2016

PurposeTo evaluate the feasibility of MR T1ρ in assessing radiocarpal cartilage matrix changes following rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment.Materials and MethodsFive healthy controls and nine RA patients were studied: three RA patients with low disease activity that were treated with methotrexate (MTX) alone and six with active disease despite MTX treatment who were additionally treated with certolizumab pegol, an anti‐tumor necrosis factor biologic. Wrist 3 Tesla MRI were acquired at baseline and 3‐month follow‐up. T1ρ were quantified for lunar, radius, and scaphoid cartilage. Reproducibility was evaluated using coefficients of variation (CV). Longitudinal changes were evaluated with t‐test and relationships between T1ρ with clinical, MRI, and patient‐reported outcomes were evaluated with Spearman's rho.ResultsScan/re‐scan CVs of T1ρ values were all <5%, and intra‐ and inter‐reader CVs were all < 2.0%. Baseline scaphoid T1ρ values were significantly higher in RA patients compared with healthy controls (P = 0.032). Changes in T1ρ (baseline, 3‐month) were correlated with EULAR treatment response criteria: −2.26 ± 0.75 ms, 1.08 ± 0.52 ms, and 2.18 ± 0.45 ms for good, moderate, and nonresponders, respectively. Significant correlations were found between changes in global T1ρ values and changes in DAS28‐CRP (rs = 0.683; P = 0.042), MHQ (rs = −0.783; P = 0.013), and HAQ (rs = 0.833; P = 0.010).ConclusionDespite the limited sample size and follow‐up time points, there were significant correlations between changes in radiocarpal T1ρ and changes in disease activity as assessed by clinical and patient‐reported outcomes. Our findings encourage further research into MR T1ρ assessment of RA disease activity and treatment response.Level of Evidence: 1J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;45:1514–1522
Diagnostic performance of diffusion tensor imaging parameters in breast cancer and correlation with the prognostic factors
Authors: Onaygil Can , Kaya Handan , Ugurlu Mustafa Umit , Aribal Erkin 
Published: September 2016

PurposeTo evaluate the diagnostic performances of the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters in the diagnosis of breast cancer and to investigate the variations in DTI parameters according to the breast cancer biomarkers.Materials and MethodsAt 3.0 Tesla (T), DTI was performed in 85 patients with 92 enhancing breast lesions. λ1, λ2, λ3, mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), fractional anisotropy (FA), relative anisotropy (RA), and geodesic anisotropy (GA) were studied and compared with diffusion‐weighted imaging‐derived apparent diffusion coefficient. Lesions were analyzed according to BIRADS lexicon. Logistic regression models were constructed to determine the contribution of DTI to the specificity and the accuracy of DCE‐MRI. Breast cancer biomarkers; estrogen receptor (ER), HER‐2 status, and Ki‐67 were correlated with DTI in malignant cases.ResultsMalignant lesions exhibited significantly lower MD, RD, λ1, λ2, λ3 and higher FA, RA, GA values (P <  0.001). Logistic regression models showed that MD, RD, λ1, λ2, λ3, FA, and RA increase the specificity of the DCE‐MRI (from 83.0% to 89.4–93.6%; P <  0.05). Higher RD, λ2, λ3 and lower FA, RA, and GA values were observed in ER‐negative breast cancer (P <  0.05). Ki‐67 showed significant, negative correlation with FA, RA, GA, λ1‐λ3 and λ1‐λ2 (r = ‐0.336 to ‐0.435; P <  0.05).ConclusionBesides its ability to differentiate malignant breast lesions, DTI improves the specificity of conventional 3.0T breast MRI and shows correlation with biomarkers ER and Ki‐67.Level of Evidence: 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:660–672.
Do surgical interventions for limb lymphoedema reduce cellulitis attack frequency?
Authors: Sharkey Amy R. , King Samuel W. , Ramsden Alexander J. , Furniss Dominic 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIntroductionRecurrent cellulitis is a frequent and challenging complication of lymphoedema. British Lymphology Society cellulitis guidelines state that decongestive lymphatic therapy reduces the frequency of cellulitis attacks, but do not mention the effect of surgical interventions.This systematic review aims to assess whether surgical interventions for lymphoedema reduce the frequency of attacks of cellulitis.Materials and methodsEmbase, Medline, and the Cochrane database were searched for relevant articles from database inception to January 2016. Four hundred and thirty‐six abstracts were retrieved. Studies were included which contained quantitative data on cellulitis incidence before and after a surgical intervention. Two independent reviewers applied selection criteria, selecting 27 papers for full text review. Two were unavailable in the UK from any source.ResultsA variety of surgical techniques were utilized in the 25 papers included: lymphaticovenous anastomosis, superficial‐to‐deep lymphaticolymphatic anastomosis, lymph node transfer, Charles procedure, muscle flap transfer, Homan's procedure, and subcutaneous tissue excision below skin flaps. Five studies combined techniques. One study compared the intervention to a control group (physical therapy). Cellulitis incidence was decreased following surgical intervention in 24/25 studies included. Eight had quantifiable reductions in cellulitis over a set follow‐up period; in the other 16 preoperative incidence was not precisely defined.ConclusionSurgery appears effective at reducing cellulitis incidence in lymphoedema. However, high quality evidence from randomized controlled trials is lacking. Future research should concentrate on comparison with control groups, for example compression alone versus compression with surgical intervention, in patients with lymphoedema and greater than two attacks of cellulitis per year.