bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supramolecular Vesicles Coassembled from Disulfide‐Linked Benzimidazolium Amphiphiles and Carboxylate‐Substituted Pillar[6]arenes that Are Responsive to Five Stimuli
Authors: Jiang Long , Huang Xuan , Chen Dong , Yan Hua , Li Xueyuan , Du Xuezhong 
Published: January 2017

AbstractNovel supramolecular vesicles based on host–guest systems were coassembled from carboxylate‐substituted pillar[6]arene (CPA[6]) and disulfide‐linked benzimidazolium amphiphiles, and the microstructures of the CPA‐based supramolecular vesicles were clearly elaborated. The supramolecular vesicles showed controlled drug release in response to five stimuli, with glutathione, pH, CO2, Zn2+ ions, and hexanediamine, leading to cleavage of the disulfide bonds, protonation of the carboxylate groups, metal chelation, and competitive binding. This is the first case of a smart pillararene‐based supramolecular vesicle being integrated with five stimuli‐responsive functions to meet the diverse requirements of controlled drug release. Importantly, each of the five stimuli is closely related to microenvironments of tumors and diseases of the human body. The smart stimuli‐responsive supramolecular vesicles have promising applications in drug therapy of tumors and relevant diseases.
Poly(p‐phenylene iminoborane): A Boron–Nitrogen Analogue of Poly(p‐phenylene vinylene)
Authors: Lorenz Thomas , Crumbach Merian , Eckert Thomas , Lik Artur , Helten Holger 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSubstitution of selected CC units in π‐conjugated organic frameworks by their isoelectronic and isosteric BN units (BN/CC isosterism) has proven to be a successful concept for the development of BN‐doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with intriguing properties and functions. The first examples have just demonstrated the applicability of this approach to polymer chemistry. Herein, we present the synthesis and comprehensive characterization of the first poly(p‐phenylene iminoborane). This novel inorganic–organic hybrid polymer can be regarded as a BN analogue of the well‐known poly(p‐phenylene vinylene) (PPV). Photophysical investigations on the polymer and a series of model oligomers provide clear evidence of some π‐conjugation across the B=N bonds and extension of the conjugation path with increasing chain length. TD‐DFT calculations provide deeper insight into the electronic structure of the new materials.
Efficient Solar Light Harvesting CdS/Co9S8 Hollow Cubes for Z‐Scheme Photocatalytic Water Splitting
Authors: Qiu Bocheng , Zhu Qiaohong , Du Mengmeng , Fan Linggang , Xing Mingyang , Zhang Jinlong 
Published: January 2017

AbstractHollow structures with an efficient light harvesting and tunable interior component offer great advantages for constructing a Z‐scheme system. Controlled design of hollow cobalt sulfide (Co9S8) cubes embedded with cadmium sulfide quantum dots (QDs) is described, using hollow Co(OH)2 as the template and a one‐pot hydrothermal strategy. The hollow CdS/Co9S8 cubes utilize multiple reflections of light in the cubic structure to achieve enhanced photocatalytic activity. Importantly, the photoexcited charge carriers can be effectively separated by the construction of a redox‐mediator‐free Z‐scheme system. The hydrogen evolution rate over hollow CdS/Co9S8 is 134 and 9.1 times higher than that of pure hollow Co9S8 and CdS QDs under simulated solar light irradiation, respectively. Moreover, this is the first report describing construction of a hollow Co9S8 based Z‐scheme system for photocatalytic water splitting, which gives full play to the advantages of light‐harvesting and charges separation.
Process development unit experimental studies of a split‐flow modification for the post‐combustion CO2 capture process
Authors: Stec M. , Tatarczuk A. , Więcław‐Solny L. , Krótki A. , Spietz T. , Wilk A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA process development unit (PDU) for amine‐based post‐combustion carbon capture located at Clean Coal Technologies Centre in Zabrze, Poland, was used to validate split‐stream configuration. A PDU having capacity up to 100 m3n/h was designed to test the amine scrubbing carbon capture process from flue gases or mixtures of technical gases. Flexible process flow sheet of the unit allowed investigation of the split flow process.The split‐flow flowsheet modification was compared with a standard system for chemical absorption‐based CO2 capture. The tests were conducted using well‐accepted baseline solvent: 30 wt% aqueous monoethanolamine solution. The flow sheet modification resulted in a decrease of reboiler heat duty by ~1.6% and an increase in CO2 recovery by ~1.2 p.p. Split‐flow process modification was examined together with standard process flow sheet, and vast number of process parameters recorded during the trials have been presented. The explanation of beneficial effects of split‐flow designs have been shown together with detailed analysis of experimental trials carried out using PDU for amine‐based post‐combustion carbon capture. This paper is also a valuable source of experimental data useful during validation of models. Copyright © 2017 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Innovative detector layout for automated traffic turning volume counting
Authors: Gholami Ali , Tian Zong , Andalibian Rasool 
Published: January 2017

SummaryBecause of many advantages, loop detectors are the most common practice for obtaining data to control intersections. However, they have some drawbacks, including the fact that multiple detectors are usually required to monitor a location. The current practice in many cities is to install four consecutive loop detectors per lane, or two at the stop bar and one as an advanced detector. In some cities, there are also departure detectors. All these configurations have some practical problems and do not produce accurate counts especially in shared lanes. In this paper, a new placement configuration for departure detectors is proposed and named the mid‐intersection detector (MID). In this configuration, departure detectors are moved back to the middle of the intersection in such a way that they can be activated by more than one movement at different times. In some cases, departure detectors lack equations for calculating turning movements, a problem solved by MIDs because each movement passes more detectors along its path (without increasing the number of loops), and therefore they can produce more accurate and reliable data for obtaining turning movement counts. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genomic integration of the full‐length dystrophin coding sequence in Duchenne muscular dystrophy induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Farruggio Alfonso P. , Bhakta Mital S. , du Bois Haley , Ma Julia , Calos Michele P. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPlasmid vectors that express the full‐length human dystrophin coding sequence in human cells were developed. Dystrophin, the protein mutated in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, is extraordinarily large, providing challenges for cloning and plasmid production in Escherichia coli. The authors expressed dystrophin from the strong, widely expressed CAG promoter, along with co‐transcribed luciferase and mCherry marker genes useful for tracking plasmid expression. Introns were added at the 3' and 5' ends of the dystrophin sequence to prevent translation in E. coli, resulting in improved plasmid yield. Stability and yield were further improved by employing a lower‐copy number plasmid origin of replication. The dystrophin plasmids also carried an attB site recognized by phage phiC31 integrase, enabling the plasmids to be integrated into the human genome at preferred locations by phiC31 integrase. The authors demonstrated single‐copy integration of plasmid DNA into the genome and production of human dystrophin in the human 293 cell line, as well as in induced pluripotent stem cells derived from a patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Plasmid‐mediated dystrophin expression was also demonstrated in mouse muscle. The dystrophin expression plasmids described here will be useful in cell and gene therapy studies aimed at ameliorating Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Development of the Regiodivergent Asymmetric Prenylation of 3‐Substituted Oxindoles
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Chan Walter H. , Malhotra Sushant 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis paper describes our efforts to design a Pd‐catalyzed asymmetric prenylation of 3‐substituted oxindoles that affords access to both the linear and reverse‐prenylated products. Both 3‐alkyl‐ and 3‐aryloxindoles performed well under our optimized reaction conditions. The regiodivergent alkylation of monoterpene‐derived electrophiles using this methodology was also investigated. The utility of this methodology in natural product synthesis was demonstrated through the efficient total syntheses of four Flustra alkaloids, which also allowed the absolute stereochemistry of the prenylated oxindole products to be assigned. Surprisingly, the same enantiomer of ligand produced linear and branched regioisomers of opposite chirality.
Aqueous Instability of δ‐Fluorobutylpiperidines
Authors: Vorberg Raffael , Carreira Erick M. , Müller Klaus 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn a series of partially fluorinated N‐propyl‐ and N‐butylpiperidine derivatives, three compounds were found to exhibit unexpected instability under mild biophysical assay conditions. These compounds carry a single terminal fluorine in the δ‐position of an N‐butyl group as a common structural feature. An adjacent fluorine substituent at the γ‐position significantly slows down the reactivity. All other compounds, having either no or more than one fluorine substituent at the δ‐position are chemically inert under all assay conditions. The reactivity of the labile compounds is traced to an intramolecular ring‐closing fluorine substitution reaction by the moderately basic piperidine unit, leading to a spiro‐pyrrolidinium salt. The chemical lability of δ‐monofluorinated or γ,δ‐difluorinated N‐butylpiperidine derivatives even under very mild biophysical assay conditions constitutes a caveat to the molecular design of partially fluorinated alkylamines.
Discussing molecular testing in oncology care: Comparing patient and physician information preferences
Authors: Pinheiro Ana P. M. , Pocock Rachel H. , Switchenko Jeffrey M. , Dixon Margie D. , Shaib Walid L. , Ramalingam Suresh S. , Pentz Rebecca D. 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUNDMolecular testing to inform treatment and clinical trial choices is now the standard of care for several types of cancer. However, no established guidelines exist for the type of information physicians should cover during discussions with the patient about the test or its results. The objectives of this study were to identify physician and patient preferences regarding information and who should communicate this information and how to inform guidelines for these conversations.METHODSPhysicians and patients who participated in discussions regarding molecular testing were asked to choose 8 topics of most relevance out of a list of 18. The McNemar test was used to determine their top preferences. Patients were asked to identify what information they wanted to receive and who should inform them, and physicians were asked to identify the best aid to communication.RESULTSSixty‐six patients identified 12 preferred topics: the benefits of testing (88%), how testing determines treatment (88%), implications for family (71%), whether a test indicates the seriousness of disease (68%), purpose of the test (64%), incidental findings (56%), explanation of cancer genetics (53%), how the test is done (46%), limitations (44%), explanation of biomarker (42%), risks (42%), and uninformative results (38%). Physicians added cost (59%). Patients preferred receiving information about molecular testing from their nurse or physician (85%), and physicians preferred using a pamphlet (67%) to augment communication.CONCLUSIONSThe topics identified as important to discuss can inform future guidelines and can contribute to effective communication regarding molecular testing. Cancer 2017;123:1610–1616. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Continuous‐Flow O‐Alkylation of Biobased Derivatives with Dialkyl Carbonates in the Presence of Magnesium–Aluminium Hydrotalcites as Catalyst Precursors
Authors: Cattelan Lisa , Perosa Alvise , Riello Piero , Maschmeyer Thomas , Selva Maurizio 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe base‐catalysed reactions of OH‐bearing biobased derivatives (BBDs) including glycerol formal, solketal, glycerol carbonate, furfuryl alcohol and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol with non‐toxic dialkyl carbonates (dimethyl and diethyl carbonate) were explored under continuous‐flow (CF) conditions in the presence of three Na‐exchanged Y‐ and X‐faujasites (FAUs) and four Mg–Al hydrotalcites (HTs). Compared to previous etherification protocols mediated by dialkyl carbonates, the reported procedure offers substantial improvements not only in terms of (chemo)selectivity but also for the recyclability of the catalysts, workup, ease of product purification and, importantly, process intensification. Characterisation studies proved that both HT30 and KW2000 hydrotalcites acted as catalyst precursors: during the thermal activation pre‐treatments, the typical lamellar structure of the hydrotalcite was broken down gradually into a MgO‐like phase (periclase) or rather a magnesia–alumina solid solution, which was the genuine catalytic phase.
Cytopathologic analysis of pericardial effusions in 116 cases: Implications for poor prognosis in lung cancer patients with positive interpretations
Authors: He Bing , Yang Zhen , Zhao Peng , Li Yu‐Jun , Wang Ji‐Gang 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundFew studies have evaluated the cytology of pericardial effusions. The aim of this study is to investigate the etiologies of pericardial effusions and to establish the relationship between cytopathologic interpretations and outcome patterns among patients with pericardial effusions.MethodsWe identified 116 patients with pericardial effusions at a single institution over a 4‐year period and carefully analyzed all available clinical documents, including clinical diagnoses, cytopathologic findings, and outcome patterns.ResultsThe cohort was made up of 74 patients with malignancies, 39 with non‐malignancy diseases, and 3 without available clinical diagnosis. Lung cancer was the most common malignancy (58 cases), followed by breast cancer (4 cases) and lymphoma/leukemia (4 cases). Among the 116 fluid samples, 43 cases were diagnosed as malignant, 66 were diagnosed as benign, and seven were diagnosed as ambiguous. The nature of the hemorrhage was an important feature of cytopathology‐positive effusions. Patients with detectable malignant cells in pericardial effusions have a significantly poorer prognosis than those without malignant cells.ConclusionsLung cancer is the most common cause of large quantities of pericardial effusions. The present findings suggest that cytopathologic evaluation is valuable to predict the prognosis of cancer patients with pericardial effusions. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:287–293. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of sulforaphane on neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation
Authors: Han Zhenxian , Xu Qian , Li Changfu , Zhao Hong 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSulforaphane (SFN) is a natural organosulfur compound with anti‐oxidant and anti‐inflammation properties. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of SFN on the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSC). NSCs were exposed to SFN at the concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 10 µM. Cell viability was evaluated with MTT assay and lactate dehydogenase (LDH) release assay. The proliferation of NSCs was evaluated with neurosphere formation assay and Ki‐67 staining. The level of Tuj‐1 was evaluated with immunostaining and Western blot to assess NSC neuronal differentiation. The expression of key proteins in the Wnt signaling pathway, including β‐catenin and cyclin D1, in response to SFN treatment or the Wnt inhibitor, DKK‐1, was determined by Western blotting. No significant cytotoxicity was seen for SFN on NSCs with SFN at concentrations of less than 10 µM. On the contrary, SFN of low concentrations stimulated cell proliferation and prominently increased neurosphere formation and NSC differentiation to neurons. SFN treatment upregulated Wnt signaling in the NSCs, whereas DKK‐1 attenuated the effects of SFN. SFN is a drug to promote NSC proliferation and neuronal differentiation when used at low concentrations. These protective effects are mediated by Wnt signaling pathway.
Key Recommendations from the MedtecHTA Project
Authors: Tarricone Rosanna , Torbica Aleksandra , Drummond Michael ,   for the MedtecHTA Project Group
Published: January 2017

AbstractThere are particular characteristics of Medical Devices, such as the device–user interaction, the incremental nature of innovation and the broader organizational impact that lead to additional challenges for health technology assessment (HTA). The project explored key aspects of the conduct and methods of HTA for MDs. Systematic reviews and original research studies were conducted to determine improvements in processes and methods that could enhance the potential for HTA and optimize the diffusion of MDs.Regulatory processes for MDs should be more closely aligned, the HTA evaluative framework should be harmonized and processes for conditional coverage and evidence development should be used. The methods for HTA should consider MDs as complex interventions, require the establishment of high quality registries, consider an iterative approach to the evaluation over time, recognize and allow for the particular characteristics of devices and use appropriate approaches for confounder adjustment in comparative effectiveness studies. To optimize the diffusion, a common classification should be developed across countries in order to facilitate international comparisons, factors driving diffusion should be explored in HTA reports and physicians' personal goals and motivation should be better understood.The key recommendations of the MedtecHTA project should improve the conduct and use of HTA for MDs. © 2017 The Authors. Health Economics published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adoption Decisions for Medical Devices in the Field of Cardiology: Results from a European Survey
Authors: Hatz Maximilian H. M. , Schreyögg Jonas , Torbica Aleksandra , Boriani Giuseppe , Blankart Carl R. B. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDecisions to adopt medical devices at the hospital level have consequences for health technology assessment (HTA) on system level and are therefore important to decision makers. Our aim was to investigate the characteristics of organizations and individuals that are more inclined to adopt and utilize cardiovascular devices based on a comprehensive analysis of environmental, organizational, individual, and technological factors and to identify corresponding implications for HTA. Seven random intercept hurdle models were estimated using the data obtained from 1249 surveys completed by members of the European Society of Cardiology. The major findings were that better manufacturer support increased the adoption probability of ‘new’ devices (i.e. in terms of CE mark approval dates), and that budget pressure increased the adoption probability of ‘old’ devices. Based on our findings, we suggest investigating the role of manufacturer support in more detail to identify diffusion patterns relevant to HTA on system level, to verify whether it functions as a substitute for medical evidence of new devices, and to receive new insights about its relationship with clinical effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness. © 2017 The Authors. Health Economics published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of siblings on children's social skills and perspective taking
Authors: Sang Samantha A. , Nelson Jackie A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe current study examined associations between sibling characteristics (being an only child, having an older brother, younger brother, older sister, or younger sister) and two aspects of social competence, and how these processes may differ based on child gender. Participants included 112 children ages 5 to 7 with either one or no siblings. Results suggested that siblings' influence on social competence is complex. For perspective taking, sibling characteristics and child's gender did not have significant main effects. However, interactions between older brother and child gender and between younger brother and child gender showed that girls without a sibling had greater perspective taking than girls with brothers, whereas, boys with brothers seemed to benefit somewhat from their presence. Furthermore, increases in social skills over one year were observed among children with a younger sister compared to only children. Implications of siblings' influence on children's perspective taking and social skills are discussed.Highlights

Researchers examined how sibling characteristics influenced social competence based on child's gender.
Hierarchical regression analyses suggested girls without a sibling had greater perspective taking than girls with brothers, boys with brothers seemed to somewhat benefit in perspective taking and increases in social skills over one year were observed among children with a younger sister.
Findings suggest the influence of siblings are more complex than simply having a sibling or not.
Usefulness of the WHO C‐Model to optimize the cesarean delivery rate in a tertiary hospital setting
Authors: Abdel‐Aleem Hany , Darwish Atef , Abdelaleem Ahmad A. , Mansur Manal 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo assess use of the C‐Model in a tertiary hospital setting in terms of its validity and utility for optimizing the cesarean delivery (CD) rate.MethodsA prospective observational study included women admitted for delivery at a university teaching hospital in Assiut, Egypt, in 2015. The women were asked about the demographic and obstetric information needed to calculate the probability of CD using the WHO C‐Model. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve comparing the predicted and observed CD rates was constructed. In addition, the mean predicted CD rates were compared with the mean observed CD rates in the 10 groups of the Robson classification.ResultsIn total, 1000 women were recruited; 38.6% had a previous CD and 13.5% had complications during the current pregnancy. The final mode of delivery was vaginal delivery in 38.7% and CD in 61.3%; the predicted CD rate for this cohort was 45.0%. The area under the ROC curve was 0.928 (95% confidence interval 0.912–0.945). Comparison of the predicted and observed CD rates in the 10 Robson groups showed an overuse of CD ranging from 2% to 50%.ConclusionThe WHO C‐Model is valid and can be used in hospital settings to optimize CD rates.