bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endocrine‐disrupting effects of methylparaben on the adult gerbil prostate
Authors: Costa Janaína R. , Campos Mônica S. , Lima Rodrigo F. , Gomes Liana S. , Marques Mara R. , Taboga Sebastião R. , Biancardi Manoel F. , Brito Pedro V. A. , Santos Fernanda C. A. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractParabens are xenoestrogens widely employed in cosmetics, foodstuffs, and pharmaceutical products. These chemicals are known to disrupt hormone‐dependent organs, due to their binding affinity for hormonal receptors. Although recent studies have evaluated the endocrine‐disrupting potential of parabens in several reproductive organs, few have investigated the effects of these chemicals in the prostate. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of oral exposure to methylparaben (500 mg/kg/day) for 3, 7, and 21 days on male and female adult gerbil prostate. For this purpose, we employed biometrical, morphological, and immunohistochemical analyses. The results showed that methylparaben caused morphological changes in gerbil prostates in all experimental groups. These animals displayed similar alterations such as prostate epithelial hyperplasia, increased cell proliferation, and a higher frequency of AR‐positive cells. However, the prostate of the female gerbil showed additional changes such as stromal inflammatory infiltration, intraepithelial neoplasia foci, and an increase in AR‐positive frequency. Altogether, these data show that methylparaben was responsible for disrupting estrogenic and androgenic receptors, suggesting that parabens may have estrogenic and antiandrogenic effects in the prostate.
Entwicklungen in der Heliumdichtheitsprüfung
Authors: Seibert Dennis 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAls wesentlicher Baustein in verschiedensten Forschungs‐ und Technologiebereichen gewährleistet die Dichtheitsprüfung Funktionsweise und Sicherheit von Anlagen, Geräten und Gebrauchsgegenständen.Anhand von ausgewählten historischen Beispielen führt der Beitrag zunächst durch die Anfänge und die grundlegenden Entwicklungsschritte der Heliumdichtheitsprüfung. Im weiteren Verlauf wird auf Basis aktueller Anwendungen gezeigt, welche Anforderungen heute an die Dichtheitsprüfung gestellt werden, und wie sich Unternehmen aufstellen, um einen marktgerechten Support leisten zu können.
Kostenstruktur von Plasmaverfahren
Authors: Oehr Christian , Brand Jochen , Hegemann Dirk , Liehr Michael , Wohlfart Peter 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBeschichtungskosten erscheinen im Falle von Plasmaprozessen auf den ersten Blick durch hohe Investitionskosten dominiert zu sein. Hier wird gezeigt, dass Betriebs‐ und Verbrauchskosten von gleicher oder größerer Bedeutung sein können. Zielführend ist es, die Beschichtungskosten als einen Beitrag unter mehreren für das Endprodukt zu verstehen. Das Beispiel Solarzellen zeigt, dass es sich kaum lohnt, die Beschichtungsprozesse weiter zu beschleunigen, wogegen aber eine kleine Effizienzsteigerung bereits deutliche Kostenvorteile bringt.Auch bei Hartstoffschichten zeigt sich, dass man nicht an den Anlagen sparen sollte, sondern versuchen muss, den Energieverbrauch zu senken und die Abscheiderate zu erhöhen. Von den Beschichtungskosten her liegt man im gleichen Bereich wie bei Flüssigphasenbeschichtungen, hat aber deutlich weniger Konfliktpotential mit den sich stetig verschärfenden Umweltauflagen (keine Bäder zu entsorgen etc.).Das häufig vertretene Argument, dass die Einsparung von Pumpen beim Einsatz von Plasmen bei Atmosphärendruck einen Kostenvorteil bietet, muss (gleiche Schichtqualität unterstellt) relativiert werden, da die Betriebskosten deutlich höher liegen, insbesondere, wenn als Schutz‐ und Trägergas Edelgase erforderlich sind.
Microbial arsenite oxidation with oxygen, nitrate, or an electrode as the sole electron acceptor
Authors: Nguyen Van Khanh , Tran Huong T , Park Younghyun , Yu Jaecheul , Lee Taeho 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify bacteria that can perform As(III) oxidation for environmental bioremediation. Two bacterial strains, named JHS3 and JHW3, which can autotrophically oxidize As(III)–As(V) with oxygen as an electron acceptor, were isolated from soil and water samples collected in the vicinity of an arsenic-contaminated site. According to 16S ribosomal RNA sequence analysis, both strains belong to the ɤ-Proteobacteria class and share 99% sequence identity with previously described strains. JHS3 appears to be a new strain of the Acinetobacter genus, whereas JHW3 is likely to be a novel strain of the Klebsiella genus. Both strains possess the aioA gene encoding an arsenite oxidase and are capable of chemolithoautotrophic growth in the presence of As(III) up to 10 mM as a primary electron donor. Cell growth and As(III) oxidation rate of both strains were significantly enhanced during cultivation under heterotrophic conditions. Under anaerobic conditions, only strain JHW3 oxidized As(III) using nitrate or a solid-state electrode of a bioelectrochemical system as a terminal electron acceptor. Kinetic studies of As(III) oxidation under aerobic condition demonstrated a higher V max and K m from strain JHW3 than strain JHS3. This study indicated the potential application of strain JHW3 for remediation of subsurface environments contaminated with arsenic.
Advancement in bioprocess technology: parallels between microbial natural products and cell culture biologics
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Arpan A , Khetan Anurag , Malmberg Li-Hong , Zhou Weichang , Hu Wei-Shou 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The emergence of natural products and industrial microbiology nearly eight decades ago propelled an era of bioprocess innovation. Half a century later, recombinant protein technology spurred the tremendous growth of biologics and added mammalian cells to the forefront of industrial producing cells in terms of the value of products generated. This review highlights the process technology of natural products and protein biologics. Despite the separation in time, there is a remarkable similarity in their progression. As the new generation of therapeutics for gene and cell therapy emerges, its process technology development can take inspiration from that of natural products and biologics.
Disturbed iron metabolism in erythropoietic protoporphyria and association of GDF15 and gender with disease severity
Authors: Barman‐Aksoezen Jasmin , Girelli Domenico , Aurizi Caterina , Schneider‐Yin Xiaoye , Campostrini Natascia , Barbieri Luca , Minder Elisabeth I. , Biolcati Gianfranco 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPatients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) have reduced activity of the enzyme ferrochelatase that catalyzes the insertion of iron into protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) to form heme. As the result of ferrochelatase deficiency, PPIX accumulates and causes severe photosensitivity. Among different patients, the concentration of PPIX varies considerably. In addition to photosensitivity, patients frequently exhibit low serum iron and a microcytic hypochromic anemia. The aims of this study were to (1) search for factors related to PPIX concentration in EPP, and (2) characterize anemia in EPP, i.e., whether it is the result of an absolute iron deficiency or the anemia of chronic disease (ACD). Blood samples from 67 EPP patients (51 Italian and 16 Swiss) and 21 healthy volunteers were analyzed. EPP patients had lower ferritin (p = 0.021) and hepcidin (p = 0.031) concentrations and higher zinc–protoporphyrin (p < 0.0001) and soluble‐transferrin‐receptor (p = 0.0007) concentrations compared with controls. This indicated that anemia in EPP resulted from an absolute iron deficiency. Among EPP patients, PPIX concentrations correlated with both growth differentiation factor (GDF) 15 (p = 0.012) and male gender (p = 0.015). Among a subgroup of patients who were iron replete, hemoglobin levels were normal, which suggested that iron but not ferrochelatase is the limiting factor in heme synthesis of individuals with EPP.
Analysis of Reimbursement of Genetic Counseling Services at a Single Institution in a State Requiring Licensure
Authors: Leonhard Jennifer R. , Munson Paul J. , Flanagan Jason D. , De Berg Kristen L. , Thompson Paul A. , Dean Lori W. , Stein Quinn P. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractReimbursement for genetic counseling services was examined at a single institution. Patient encounters utilizing the 96040 CPT® code from 7/31/2009 through 7/31/2013 were reviewed. Exclusion criteria included billing records of patients seen by a physician the same day, self‐pay, Medicaid, and Medicare patients. Of the 8,630 encounters with a genetic counselor, 582 encounters were eligible for review. Descriptive statistics (i.e., percentage of encounters receiving some level of reimbursement, average reimbursement rate, number of third party payors providing any level of reimbursement, and number of ICD‐9 codes receiving any level of reimbursement) depicted reimbursement of the 96040 CPT® code for the encounters analyzed. Statistical analysis found a significant difference in reimbursement between third party payors that do and do not credential genetic counselors (p < .0001). There was no statistically significant difference between reimbursement rates for primary diagnostic ICD‐9 codes when compared to primary diagnostic ICD‐9 V codes used. Results will provide a useful baseline for local and national comparisons due to the paucity of data regarding CPT® 96040.
The Effect of Aniline Hydrochloride Hydrotrope on the Phase Behavior of SDS/Water System
Authors: Huerta Marcial Silvia T. , Landázuri Gabriel , Macías‐Balleza Emma R. , Rosales‐Rivera Luis C. , Ruso Juan M. , Puig Jorge E. , Soltero J. F. Armando 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe aim of this work was to determine the detailed phase behavior of the sodium dodecyl sulfate/aniline hydrochloride/water system as a function of concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), aniline hydrochloride (AHC) to sodium dodecyl sulfate molar ratio (R = [AHC]/[SDS]) and temperature. Phase behavior information was obtained via polarizing microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), cryo‐scanning electron microscopy (Cryo‐SEM) and oscillatory linear rheological measurements with good agreement among these techniques. It is well known that SDS in water forms spherical micelles at concentrations lower than 40 wt% and temperatures above its Krafft temperature (Tk = 16–21 °C). In this region, the SDS/water system exhibits Newtonian rheological behavior, which is characteristic of spherical micellar solutions. The addition of the hydrotrope, aniline hydrochloride, to SDS aqueous solutions produces a viscosity increase in this system as R augments, and a maximum of about five orders of magnitude was found at R = 0.47 for 5 wt% SDS at 20 °C. Moreover, the system shows a transition from viscous to strong viscoelastic behavior. These changes in the rheological behavior are produced by the transitions from sphere to rodlike micelles, which are induced by the hydrophobicity of AHC causing it to be absorbed into the core and the hydrophilic interface of the micelles, which screens the repulsions between the charged head groups.
Feasibility, safety, and potential demand of emergent brain magnetic resonance imaging of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices
Authors: Ono Maki , Suzuki Makoto , Isobe Mitsuaki 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe feasibility, safety, and potential demand of emergent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients with a cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) in emergency situations are unknown.MethodsWe retrospectively compared emergent and scheduled MRI orders for patients with CIEDs at Kameda General Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Japan, from October 2012 to September 2016.ResultsWe identified 11 emergent MRI orders via the emergency room and 38 scheduled MRI orders. Although the baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups, brain scanning was predominant in emergent scanning (p=0.002). The reasons for MRI and physicians who ordered it were also significantly different between the two groups (p<0.001, p=0.03, respectively). Among the emergent orders via the emergency room, 10 out of 11 were brain scans. Nine out of 10 patients underwent successful emergent brain MRI. The time from arrival at the emergency room to MRI was 144±29 min, and the time from the MRI order made by the cardiologist to its actual performance was 60±10 min. Four out of 9 patients had a diagnosis of acute stroke confirmed by emergent MRI, and two had emergent thrombolysis with a complete neurological recovery. All emergent scanning was conducted safely with no complications.ConclusionsOur study found the potential demand of brain MRI of patients with CIEDs in emergency situations compared with scheduled scanning, which was shown to be feasible and safe for the diagnosis and treatment of an acute stroke.
The effect of statins on rate of cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Smith Kyle B. , Kang Paul , Sabbagh Marwan N. ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: February 2017

AbstractIntroductionThis study's aims are to identify whether a relationship between statin use and rate of cognitive decline exists. The relationship between statins and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been investigated in the past with the evidence showing mixed results.MethodsSeven hundred sixty‐eight subjects were identified with MCI. Subjects were stratified into six possible groups according to apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele status and statin use and assessed for decline in cognitive function.ResultsAll cognitive assessments trended toward less decline with statin use. Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale 11 (ADAS 11) showed the biggest difference in mean change between statin users and nonusers (−0.82 vs. −1.22, respectively). Change reached marginal significance on the ADAS 11 when stratified by APOE ε4–negative subjects.DiscussionAll cognitive assessments trended toward less decline when subjects were concurrently treated with a statin, supporting the position that statins do not have a net negative effect on cognitive assessment and suggesting a potential treatment benefit.
The large deformation of nonlinearly elastic shells in axisymmetric flows
Authors: De Cristoforis Massimo Lanza , Antman Stuart S. 
Published: February 2017

This paper treats the large deformation of closed nonlinearly elastic axisymmetric shells under an external pressure field generated by the steady, irrotational, axisymmetric flow of an incompressible, inviscid fluid. The flow is assumed to have a prescribed velocity U and pressure Ρ at infinity. The deformation of the shells is described by a geometrically exact theory. The parameters U and Ρ and the deformed shape of the shell uniquely determine the velocity field of the steady flow. The most difficult part of the analysis is to show that the velocity and pressure of the flow on the shell depend continuously and compactly on the function describing the shape. The pressure field on the shell is substituted into the equilibrium equations for the shell, yielding a system of ordinary functional-differential equations. These are converted into a fixed-point form, which is analyzed by a global implicit function theorem. The problem has technical difficulties that do not arise in problems with rigid obstacles.

Résumé
On s’intéresse aux grandes déformations d’une coque fermée axisymétrique soumise à l’action du champ de pression externe engendré par l’écoulement stationnaire et irrotationnel d’un fluide parfait incompressible autour de la coque. On utilise pour modéliser la coque une théorie géométriquement exacte avec une loi de comportement élastique non linéaire générale. La vitesse et la pression de l’écoulement à l’infini sont deux constantes données U et P. Le champ de vitesse du fluide est déterminé de façon unique par ces deux paramètres et par la forme de la coque dans sa configuration déformée. La partie la plus délicate de notre analyse consiste à montrer que les champs de vitesse et de pression sur la surface de la coque dépendent continûment et de façon compacte de la fonction qui décrit la forme de la coque. Substituant la pression dans les équations d’équilibre de la coque, on obtient un système d’équations fonctionnelles-différentielles ordinaires que l’on transforme ensuite en problème de point fixe. Ce problème est lui-même résolu à l’aide d’un théorème des fonctions implicites global. On rencontre ici les difficultés techniques qui ne se présentent pas dans les problèmes avec obstacle rigide.
Analysis of the flow field around a rudder in the wake of a simplified marine propeller
Authors: Muscari Roberto , Dubbioso Giulio , Di Mascio Andrea 
Published: February 2017

The vortex–body interaction problem, which characterizes the flow field of a rudder placed downstream of a single-blade marine rotor, is investigated by numerical simulations. The particular topology of the propeller wake, consisting of a helicoidal vortex detached from the blade tips (tip vortex) and a longitudinal, streamwise oriented vortex originating at the hub (hub vortex), embraces two representative mechanisms of vortex–body collisions: the tip vortices impact almost orthogonally to the mean plane, whereas the hub vortex travels in the mean plane of the wing (rudder), perpendicularly to its leading edge. The two vortices evolve independently only during the approaching and collision phases. The passage along the body is instead characterized by strong interaction with the boundary layer on the rudder and is followed by reconnection and merging in the middle and far wake. The features of the wake were investigated by the $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{2}$-criterion (Jeong & Hussain, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 285, 1995, pp. 69–94) and typical flow variables (pressure, velocity and vorticity) of the instantaneous flow field; wall pressure spectra were analysed and related to the tip and hub vortices evolution, revealing a non-obvious behaviour of the loading on the rudder that can be related to undesired unsteady loads.
The Dynamics of Fluid Propulsion with Special Reference to the Problem of the Airscrew
Authors: Riach M. A. S. 
Published: February 2017

In March of last year I had the privilege of reading a paper on the airscrew before the Society, “The Screw Propeller in Air.” The object of this paper was to extend what is usually known as the aerofoil theory of the airscrew, so as to include to some extent the phenomena of slip essential to propulsion in a fluid. This method has since, I believe, been fairly widely adopted both in experimental research work on airscrews and for purposes of designing and analysis.The present contribution is the outcome of an attempt to modify the previous theory outlined in my paper, “The Screw Propeller in Air,” which theory cannot be considered as being complete although at the time it was written nothing of a similar theoretical nature had been published with the exception of Mr. Lanchester's paper on “The Screw Propeller,” this work being of a purely theoretical nature throughout and not directly based on model aerofoil data obtained from the wind channel.The previous method of estimating the quantity of fluid, air in the case under consideration, dealt with by the propeller was to assume some constant fraction f say of each annular ring element along the blade, the limiting possible value of f being taken to be unity.
Major human milk oligosaccharides are absorbed into the systemic circulation after oral administration in rats
Authors: Vazquez E. , Santos-Fandila A. , Buck R. , Rueda R. , Ramirez M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHuman milk oligosaccharides (HMO) are involved in many biological functions influencing infant health. Although HMO act locally at the intestine, recent evidence has demonstrated that HMO are partially incorporated into the systemic circulation of breast-fed infants. In the last few years, a large amount of research has been conducted using preclinical models to uncover new biological functions of HMO. The aim of this study was to evaluate the absorption and urine excretion of HMO in rats. We administered a single oral dose of the following HMO: 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), 6'-sialyllactose and lacto-N-neotetraose at different concentrations to adult rats. The time course of absorption of HMO into the bloodstream and their appearance in urine was studied. Our results showed that rats, similar to human infants, are able to effectively absorb a portion of HMO from the intestine into plasma and to excrete them in urine. On the basis of this, we also conducted a specific kinetic absorption study with 2'-FL, the most predominant HMO in human milk, in 9–11-d-old rat pups. Our results confirmed that a significant amount of 2'-FL was absorbed into the systemic circulation and subsequently excreted in urine during lactation in rats in a dose-depended manner. We also found basal levels of these HMO in plasma and urine of adult rats as well as rat pups as a natural result of nursing. Our data suggest that the rat may be a useful preclinical model that provides new insights into the metabolism and functions of HMO.
PERTURBATIONS FROM INDEFINITE SYMMETRIC ELLIPTIC BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS
Authors: ZHANG LIANG , TANG XIANHUA 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we study the multiplicity of solutions for the following problem:
$$\begin{equation*}
\begin{cases}
-\Delta u-\Delta(|u|^{\alpha})|u|^{\alpha-2}u=g(x,u)+\theta h(x,u), \ \ x\in \Omega,\\
u=0, \ \ x\in \partial\Omega,
\end{cases}
\end{equation*}$$
where α ≥ 2, Ω is a smooth bounded domain in ${\mathbb{R}}$N, θ is a parameter and g, h ∈ C($\bar{\Omega}$ × ${\mathbb{R}}$). Under the assumptions that g(x, u) is odd and locally superlinear at infinity in u, we prove that for any j ∈ $\mathbb{N}$ there exists ϵj > 0 such that if |θ| ≤ ϵj, the above problem possesses at least j distinct solutions. Our results generalize some known results in the literature and are new even in the symmetric situation.
A Preliminary Assessment of the Potential Application of Glaciochemical Investigations on Heard Island South Indian Ocean
Authors: Spencer Mary Jo , Mayewski Paul A. , Berry Lyons Wm. , Hendy Martin R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAnalyses of fluoride, chloride, sodium, sulfate, bromide, nitrate, and iron from a 3 m snow pit on Heard Island, collected at an elevation of 2450, m are used to assess the potential of glaciochemical studies on. Heard Island glaciers. Sources for the chemical species are identified and, in particular, chloride, sodium, and sulfate are found to be useful seasonal indicators. The total record measured is believed to be less than one mass-balance year.
A Correction Factor for Rogh's Stability Ingerx of Slab Avalanche Release
Authors: Sommerfeld R. A. , King R. M. , Budding F. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Roch (1966) proposed that the ratio of the strength of a bed layer to the load on it could be used to predict slab avalanche release. However, both he and Perla (unpublished) found that the mean strength was approximately twice the mean stress for snow layers known to have failed. A strength-size relationship is proposed to explain this discrepancy.