bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New scoring system for differentiating xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis from gall bladder carcinoma: a tertiary care centre experience
Authors: Rajaguru Kishore , Mehrotra Siddharth , Lalwani Shailendra , Mangla Vivek , Mehta Naimish , Nundy Samiran 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundXanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is an uncommon variant of chronic cholecystitis, characterized by a focal or diffuse destructive inflammatory process. The importance of XGC is that it mimics gall bladder carcinoma (GBC) both preoperatively and intra‐operatively, as it can present with pericholecystic infiltration, hepatic involvement and lymphadenopathy. As a result of a misdiagnosis, which is not infrequent, the patient may undergo an unnecessary radical cholecystectomy rather than only a cholecystectomy, which is associated with a greater morbidity and mortality. The main aim of the study is to formulate a simple preoperative scoring system for diagnosis of XGC which might benefit patients by avoiding radical procedures.MethodsA retrospective study was done from all the patients who underwent gall bladder and gall bladder‐related operations (benign and malignant), during a 5‐year time period from 2010 to 2014 in a tertiary care centre were reviewed (n = 462).ResultsInitial analyses of all the clinical and imaging parameters were done. Patients with a long history of recurrent abdominal pain with leucocytosis and who on imaging are found to have a diffusely thickened gall bladder wall, cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis and submucosal hypoattenuated nodules are likely to have XGC while those with anorexia, weight loss, focal thickening of the gall bladder wall on imaging and dense local organ infiltration are more likely to have GBC. The presence of lymph nodes on imaging and the loss of a fat plane interface between the liver and gall bladder are not differentiating factors. A scoring system was made by taking statistically significant features (n = 13) of clinical and imaging parameters in initial assessment to identify the features of XGC. The same scoring system was subsequently applied to the patients who underwent cholecystectomy to study the effectiveness and the results were reviewed.ConclusionHigh value scores (≥11/13) helps in diagnosing XGC in preoperative setting. Hence, intra‐operative frozen section analysis can be avoided in such cases to differentiate XGC and GBC. However in difficult cases with high suspicion of malignancy based on clinical experience, definitive diagnosis still remains a histopathological examination to avoid radical resection in patients who have a benign condition.
Laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of a ruptured aneurysm of the right gastric artery: a case report
Authors: Toyoda Yoshitaka , Kyokane Takanori , Kawai Toru , Watanabe Katsutaka , Koide Fumihiko , Ochiai Yosuke , Asai Yuichi , Igami Tsuyoshi , Kuze Shingo 
Published: September 2016

AbstractLaparoscopic surgery for the treatment of a ruptured visceral artery aneurysm is recognized as a challenging procedure. Here, we describe our experience with laparoscopic surgery to treat a ruptured aneurysm of the right gastric artery. A 72‐year‐old woman was diagnosed with intra‐abdominal hemorrhage caused by a ruptured aneurysm of the right gastric artery. Transcatheter arterial embolization failed because the right gastric artery could not be cannulated. Therefore, we performed laparoscopic surgery. Using laparoscopy, we detected that the bleeding from the aneurysm had ceased; thus, the planned procedure was successful. The operative time and intraoperative blood loss were 100 min and 5 mL, respectively. The patient was discharged 7 days after surgery. Laparoscopic surgery after the failure of transcatheter arterial embolization is a suitable and safe procedure for ruptured visceral artery aneurysms, provided the circulatory dynamics are stable as a result of the temporary cessation of bleeding from the ruptured aneurysm.
Screening and Clustering of Sparse Regressions with Finite Non-Gaussian Mixtures
Authors: Zhang Jian 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThis article proposes a method to address the problem that can arise when covariates in a regression setting are not Gaussian, which may give rise to approximately mixture-distributed errors, or when a true mixture of regressions produced the data. The method begins with non-Gaussian mixture-based marginal variable screening, followed by fitting a full but relatively smaller mixture regression model to the selected data with help of a new penalization scheme. Under certain regularity conditions, the new screening procedure is shown to possess a sure screening property even when the population is heterogeneous. We further prove that there exists an elbow point in the associated scree plot which results in a consistent estimator of the set of active covariates in the model. By simulations, we demonstrate that the new procedure can substantially improve the performance of the existing procedures in the content of variable screening and data clustering. By applying the proposed procedure to motif data analysis in molecular biology, we demonstrate that the new method holds promise in practice.
Retracted: A new cervical implant design compared with standard design in order to increase peri‐implant hard and soft tissue behavior: histomorphometric and histological study in dogs
Authors: Calvo‐Guirado José Luis , Maté‐Sánchez de Val José E. , Delgado‐Ruiz Rafael Arcesio , Fernández Domínguez Manuel , Orlato Rossetti Paulo Henrique , Gehrke Sergio A. 
Published: September 2016

Calvo‐Guirado JL, Maté‐Sánchez de Val JE, Delgado‐Ruiz RA, Fernández Domínguez M, Orlato Rossetti PH, Gehrke SA. A new cervical implant design compared with standard design in order to increase peri‐implant hard and soft tissue behavior: histomorphometric and histological study in dogs. Clin Oral Impl Res.The above article, published online on September 5, 2016 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal editor in chief, L Heitz‐Mayfield, and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The retraction has been agreed due to image discrepancies, resulting in unreliable data. Identical Images in Figures 8e and 9f describe different time points and materials.
Reference
Calvo‐Guirado JL, Maté‐Sánchez de Val JE, Delgado‐Ruiz RA, Fernández Domínguez M, Orlato Rossetti PH, Gehrke SA. A new cervical implant design compared with standard design in order to increase peri‐implant hard and soft tissue behavior: histomorphometric and histological study in dogs. Clin Oral Impl Res. https://doi.org/10.1111/clr.12978.
Body dysmorphic concerns, social adaptation, and motivation for psychotherapeutic support in dermatological outpatients
Authors: Ritter Viktoria , Fluhr Joachim W. , Schliemann‐Willers Sibylle , Elsner Peter , Strauß Bernhard , Stangier Ulrich 
Published: September 2016

SummaryBackground and objectivesDermatologists are increasingly confronted with patients affected by body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). BDD is characterized by excessive preoccupation with one or more perceived defect(s) or flaw(s) in physical appearance which are not observable or appear slight to others. So far, there have been only few studies examining the prevalence of BDD in dermatological outpatients. In addition, the need for psychotherapeutic support in dermatological outpatients with body dysmorphic concerns has not yet been systematically examined. The objective of the present study was therefore to investigate the frequency of body dysmorphic concerns as well as social adaptation and the need for psychotherapeutic support in the aforementioned patient group.Patients and methodsA total of 252 dermatological outpatients seen at a German university hospital were consecutively enrolled, and examined using the Dysmorphic Concerns Questionnaire, the Social Adaptation Self‐Evaluation Scale, and the German version of the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale.Results7.9 % of all outpatients (unselected sample) showed positive test results, suggesting clinically relevant body dysmorphic concerns. Patients with clinically relevant body dysmorphic concerns exhibited poor social adaptation. Contrary to expectations, these patients revealed a high motivation for change, indicating the necessity for psychotherapeutic support.ConclusionsOur findings confirm previous prevalence rates of BDD in dermatological outpatients, and highlight the need for providing psychotherapeutic support to dermatological patients.
Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion correlates with exercise capacity in a cohort of patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome after Fontan operation
Authors: Goldberg David J. , French Benjamin , Szwast Anita L. , McBride Michael G. , Paridon Stephen M. , Rychik Jack , Mercer‐Rosa Laura 
Published: September 2016

ObjectiveTricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) is a reproducible measure of right ventricular systolic function. We sought to determine the reliability of TAPSE measurements, to evaluate TAPSE in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) relative to normal values, and to correlate values of TAPSE with measures of exercise performance.DesignTricuspid annular plane systolic excursion measurements were performed off‐line in the cohort of patients with single right ventricle anatomy who had been enrolled in the Sildenafil After Fontan Operation clinical trial. These values were converted to z‐scores using age‐specific means and standard deviations according to published reference values. Reproducibility of measurements was assessed using the coefficient of variation between two readers. Comparisons between echo measurements and exercise outcomes were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficients.ResultsForty‐four echocardiograms from 11 subjects were included in this analysis. The median age of included subjects was 13 years (range 12–17). The coefficient of variation for TAPSE measurements was 5.0%. TAPSE was significantly diminished relative to reference values, with a median z‐score of −7.6. TAPSE values correlated with both maximal oxygen consumption (R=.64; P=.033) and oxygen consumption at the anaerobic threshold (R=.73, P=.017).ConclusionsIn this small sample of children with HLHS, TAPSE was reproducible, substantially lower than reference values, and correlated well with measures of exercise performance. Further studies are needed to evaluate these findings in a larger cohort and in a longitudinal manner.
Echocardiographic correlates of severe pulmonary hypertension in adult patients with ostium secundum atrial septal defect
Authors: Cossío‐Aranda Jorge , Zamora Karina Del Valle , Nanda Navin C. , Uzendu Anezi , Keirns Candace , Verdejo‐Paris Juan , Martínez‐Ríos Marco Antonio , Espinola‐Zavaleta Nilda 
Published: September 2016

ObjectiveTo identify echocardiographic factors that correlate with pulmonary hypertension (PH) in adults with ostium secundum atrial septal defect (ASD).MethodsBetween November 2009 and November 2013, 92 adults with ASD were studied. All had clinical history and transthoracic echocardiogram.ResultsThirty‐nine percent of patients had severe PH defined as systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) of 70 mm Hg or more. The size of ASD (31.84±8.21 mm) and a right‐sided tricuspid inflow E‐wave to tissue Doppler e′‐wave ratio >6.2 correlated with severe PH with AUC of 0.704 (CI 95%=0.59 to 0.818, P<.001) and 0.65 (CI 95%=0.531 to 0.773, P<.014), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that sPAP >70 mm Hg was the variable that most precisely correlated with right ventricular (RV) dysfunction as evidenced by TAPSE <17 mm and RV fractional shortening area (RVFSA) <35%. Left ventricular (LV) diastolic function was also significantly reduced in the group with severe PH with mitral inflow E/A ratio of 0.73±0.23 vs 1.13±0.42 in the group without severe PH (sPAP <70 mm Hg, (P=.001). The pulmonary (Qp) to systemic (Qs) cardiac output ratio (3.09±1.12) and right‐sided tissue Doppler S <9.5 cm/s most accurately predicted a Tei index >0.55.ConclusionsLarger size of ASD using the QP/QS ratio and increased right‐sided tricuspid E/e’ ratio correlated with severe PH with a sPAP of 70 mm Hg or more. Patients with severe PH had more severe RV dysfunction as evaluated by TAPSE and RVFSA in comparison to those with PH <70 mm Hg. LV diastolic function was also reduced in the severe PH group.
Regional quantification of left atrial early diastolic strain in two groups of patients with mitral stenosis: normal sinus rhythm vs atrial fibrillation
Authors: Nikdoust Farahnaz , Sadeghian Hakimeh , Lotfi‐Tokaldany Masoumeh 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundStrain rate imaging (SRI) is proposed for assessing atrial function. There are limited studies on the role of SRI in assessing the left atrial (LA) function in patients with mitral stenosis (MS). We decided to assess LA early diastolic strain to evaluate LA conduit function in two groups of patients with MS.MethodsA total of 49 patients with moderate to severe MS, scheduled for percutaneous transluminal mitral commissurotomy, were categorized into two groups: normal sinus rhythm (NSR, n=24) and persistent atrial fibrillation (AF, n=25). Early diastolic strain was measured via SRI in four mid‐left atrial walls by transthoracic echocardiography.ResultsLeft atrial volume was significantly higher in AF group. LA early diastolic strain was significantly reduced in AF patients in three walls: interatrial septum (−6.78±6.22% vs −11.44±6.35%, P=.016), anterior wall (−4.47±4.30% vs −12.52±10.62%, P=.002), and inferior wall (−2.87±3.23% vs −9.73±9.67%, P=.003). After adjustment for age, heart rate, LA volume, LA thrombus, and LAA emptying velocity, there was a significant correlation between the presence of AF and left atrial average early diastolic strain. This correlation was also remarkable between existence of AF and two LA walls (i.e., anterior and inferior walls of the LA).ConclusionThere was reduced average early diastolic strain in the presence of AF compared to NSR in MS patients regardless of LA volume and age. In AF patients, there is not only a loss of atrial late diastolic contraction, but also there is a reduction in early diastolic shortening of LA myocardium.
Functional diversity underlies demographic responses to environmental variation in European forests
Authors: Ruiz‐Benito Paloma , Ratcliffe Sophia , Jump Alistair S. , Gómez‐Aparicio Lorena , Madrigal‐González Jaime , Wirth Christian , Kändler Gerald , Lehtonen Aleksi , Dahlgren Jonas , Kattge Jens , Zavala Miguel A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimBiodiversity loss and climate‐driven ecosystem modification are leading to substantial changes in forest structure and function. However, the effects of diversity on demographic responses to the environment are poorly understood. We tested the diversity hypothesis (measured through functional diversity) and the mass ratio hypothesis (measured through functional identity) in relation to tree growth, tree mortality and sapling abundance. We sought to determine whether functional diversity underlies demographic responses to environmental variation in European forests.LocationEurope (Spain, Germany, Wallonia, Finland and Sweden).MethodsWe used data from five European national forest inventories from boreal to Mediterranean biomes (c. 700,000 trees in 54,000 plots and 143 tree species) and the main forest types across Europe (i.e. from needle‐leaved evergreen forests to broad‐leaved deciduous forests). For each forest type, we applied maximum likelihood techniques to quantify the relative importance of stand structure, climate and diversity (i.e. functional diversity and functional identity) as determinants of growth, mortality and sapling abundance. We also tested whether demographic responses to environmental conditions (including stand density, evapotranspiration and temperature anomalies) varied with functional diversity.ResultsOur results suggest that functional diversity has a positive effect on sapling abundance and growth rates in forests across Europe, while no effect was observed on tree mortality. Functional identity has a strong effect on mortality and sapling abundance, with greater mortality rates in forests dominated by needle‐leaved individuals and a greater abundance of saplings in forests dominated by broad‐leaved individuals. Furthermore, we observed that functional diversity modified the effects of stand density on demographic responses in Mediterranean forests and the influence of evapotranspiration and temperature anomalies in forests widely distributed across Europe.Main conclusionOur results suggest that functional diversity may play a key role in forest dynamics through complementarity mechanisms, as well as by modulating demographic responses to environmental variation.
Persistence of tall fescue in a subtropical environment: tiller survival over summer in response to flowering control and nitrogen supply
Authors: Jáuregui J. M. , Michelini D. F. , Agnusdei M. G. , Baudracco J. , Sevilla G. H. , Chilibroste P. , Lattanzi F. A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractEnhancing pasture persistence is crucial to achieve more sustainable grass‐based animal production systems. Although it is known that persistence of perennial ryegrass is based on a high turnover of tillers during late spring and summer, little is known about other forage species, particularly in subtropical climates. To address this question, this study evaluated survival of grazed tall fescue tillers growing in a subtropical climate. We hypothesized that hard tactical grazing during winter to remove reproductive stems (designated as ‘flowering control’), and nitrogen fertilization in spring, would both improve tiller survival over summer, and thus enhance tiller density. This was assessed in two experiments. In both experiments, few tillers appeared during late spring and summer and so tiller density depended on the dynamics of vegetative tillers present in the sward in spring. In Experiment 2, flowering control and nitrogen fertilization both enhanced the survival of that critical tiller cohort, but the effects were not additive. Responses were similar but not statistically significant in Experiment 1, which had a warmer, drier summer and lower overall survival rates. Unlike grasses in temperate environments, persistence of tall fescue in this subtropical site appeared to follow a ‘vegetative pathway’; i.e., new tillers were produced largely in autumn, from vegetative tillers that survived the summer.
Divisions of Labor: Gender, Power, and Later Medieval Childbirth, c. 1200–1500
Authors: Johnson Rebecca Wynne 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn the past generation, a substantial amount of scholarship has emerged in connection with the once‐neglected subject of childbirth in the later Middle Ages. While engaging with a wide variety of sources, its historians have shown a consistent interest in childbirth's role in gender relations that draws strength from contemporary debates in women's history and gender history. Over the past 30 years, their work has generally shifted from idealization of medieval childbirth as a realm of female autonomy to a more nuanced consideration of the roles and interests of men in the birthing chamber. However, the field remains fragmented, with scholars often reaching contrary conclusions depending on the sources they utilize. This article surveys academic work on later medieval childbirth published over the past three decades. It reviews research from five major areas of inquiry: medical practitioners and knowledge, secular and canon law, art and material history, texts and ritual, and miracle accounts. By way of conclusion, it considers both the prospects for reuniting these areas into a synthetic whole and the role gender might play in doing so.
Criminal Liability for Deaths in Prison Custody: The Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007
Authors: DOYLE DAVID M. , SCOTT SUZANNE 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis article explores a provision of the Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007, which has been neglected by criminologists and legal scholars – the application of the legislation to deaths in custody. The article argues that proving the liability of a prison based on the definition of ‘senior management’ in the Act may reflect the problems associated with establishing the guilt of corporate bodies under the common law identification principle and that the ‘senior management’ test may nullify the intent of Section 2(1)(d) and undermine the capacity of the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) to convict a prison for an avoidable death in custody.
Older Prisoners’ Experiences of Death, Dying and Grief Behind Bars
Authors: ADAY RONALD , WAHIDIN AZRINI 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPrison populations are experiencing rapid increases and many more offenders are dying in prison. This article draws on research that was conducted by the authors in the US and in England and Wales. The study interrogates the meanings older prisoners give to the prospect of dying in prison. The themes identified during data analysis included general thoughts about death and dying, accounts of other prisoners' deaths, availability of end‐of‐life services, contact with social relations, and wishes to die outside of prison.
Recent progress with next‐generation biomarkers in muscle‐invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Contreras‐Sanz Alberto , Roberts Morgan E , Seiler Roland , Black Peter C 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMuscle‐invasive bladder cancer is a heterogeneous disease with different clinical phenotypes. Histomorphological variants, variable mutation rates and aberrant protein expression, along with the recently identified molecular subtypes, have been linked to prognosis and response to therapy. Complete response to chemotherapy and outcome after radical cystectomy are difficult to predict. To date, no validated pathological or clinical test exists to predict response. Advances in high‐throughput, next‐generation, genomic techniques to study the molecular pathways that govern the disease have led to novel strategies for the identification of such biomarkers relevant to muscle‐invasive bladder cancer. Progress has been made not only in tissue‐based biomarkers, but also in the liquid biopsy field. Liquid biopsies represent an opportunity to obtain patient samples non‐invasively at multiple time‐points during their treatment course without the need for biopsy. Especially in the metastatic setting, this will allow monitoring of the molecular evolution of the tumor under treatment, which should inform subsequent therapeutic decisions.
Arguing Sanctions. On the EU's Response to the Crisis in Ukraine
Authors: Sjursen Helene , Rosén Guri 
Published: September 2016

AbstractDespite diverging perspectives and interests, the EU's Member States have forged a common response to the Russia–Ukraine crisis. How can this be? In this article, we suggest that in order to explain the Member States' ability to reach agreement in this case, we must take into account the normative force of the arguments presented in favour of a common response. We find that neither a concern for security (as would be expected from a realist perspective) nor the institutionalization of a norm of cohesion (which would be the constructivist expectation) triggered the collective response. Instead, agreement was established due to concurrence over a fundamental breach of the Ukrainians' right to self‐determination. This finding is significant in theoretical terms in that it confirms that norms may trump interests. It does not, however, allow for definite conclusions with regard to the robustness of integration in EU foreign policy.