bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Weight Perception, Race and Readiness to Quit Smoking amongst a Cohort of Workers
Authors: Lin Jenny J. , Revenson Tracey A. , Neugut Alfred I. , Rundle Andrew , Mohan Sumit , Wisnivesky Juan P. 
Published: December 2016

Introduction: Weight concerns may inhibit smoking quit attempts and may be more influential amongst African-Americans who are more likely to be overweight.Aims: To assess if weight perception is associated with readiness to quit and whether this relationship is modified by race.Methods: We used data from a cohort of current smokers undergoing routine health examinations. Based on differences between ideal and measured BMI, participants’ weight perceptions were classified as within, somewhat above, or far above ideal weight. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate adjusted associations of weight perception and race with readiness to quit.Results: Of 2,831 current smokers, 23% were obese and 38% overweight. Amongst white smokers, those who perceived being far above ideal weight were more likely to be ready to quit (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.03–2.03), but this association was not observed for African-American smokers who perceived themselves to be somewhat or far above their ideal weight (OR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.10–1.24 and OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.11–1.19, respectively).Conclusions: Perception of being overweight is associated with increased readiness to quit amongst white but not African-American smokers. Smoking cessation programmes may need to culturally tailor interventions based on smokers’ weight perceptions.
LA-ICP-MS U–Pb zircon, columbite-tantalite and40Ar–39Ar muscovite age constraints for the rare-element pegmatite dykes in the Altai orogenic belt, NW China
Authors: ZHOU QIFENG , QIN KEZHANG , TANG DONGMEI , WANG CHUNLONG , SAKYI PATRICK ASAMOAH 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe Chinese Altai is renowned for its rich rare-element resources. Nine representative rare-element (REL) pegmatites were dated using LA-ICP-MS and40Ar–39Ar methods. The columbite grains yield a weighted mean206Pb/238U age of 239.6±3.8 Ma for the Dakalasu (Be-Nb-Ta) pegmatite and concordia U–Pb ages of 258.1±3.1 Ma and 262.3±2.5 Ma for the Xiaokalasu (Li-Nb-Ta) pegmatite. The zircons display a weighted mean206Pb/238U age of 198.5±2.5 Ma for the Husite (Be) pegmatite and concordia U–Pb ages of 194.3±1.6 Ma and 248.2±2.2 Ma for the Qunkuer (Be) and Taerlang (barren) pegmatites. The muscovite40Ar–39Ar dating gives plateau ages of 286.4±1.6 Ma, 297.0±2.6 Ma, 265.2±1.5 Ma, 178.8±1.0 Ma, 162.2±0.9 Ma, 237.7±1.3 Ma, 237.4±1.2 Ma and 231.9±1.2 Ma for the Talate (Li-Be-Nb-Ta), Baicheng (Nb-Ta), Kangmunagong (barren), Husite (Be), Qunkuer (Be-Nb-Ta), Xiaokalasu (Li-Nb-Ta), Weizigou (Be) and Taerlang (barren) pegmatites, respectively. These new ages coupled with previous geochronological work suggest that the REL pegmatites in the Chinese Altai formed during early Permain – Late Jurassic time. The REL pegmatites located in the Central Altaishan terrane are younger than those in the Qiongkuer–Abagong terrane, showing a correlation with the coeval and adjacent granites. The formation of the REL pegmatites and these granites indicates frequent and strong magmatic activity in the post-orogenic and anorogenic setting. The spatial and temporal distribution of pegmatites and granites reveals a magmatism path from the SE (of age early–middle Permian), to the NW (middle Permian – Middle Triassic) and finally to the central part (Middle Triassic – Jurassic) of the Chinese Altai.
Otological symptoms and audiometric findings in patients with temporomandibular disorders: Costen's syndrome revisited
Authors: Effat K G 
Published: December 2016

AbstractObjective:Otological symptoms (otalgia, subjective hearing loss, blocked ear sensation, tinnitus and vertigo) associated with temporomandibular disorders are documented features of Costen's syndrome. However, the origin of these symptoms and the causes of hearing loss are unknown. This study aimed to characterise hearing loss in a large number of patients with temporomandibular disorders. The causes of these symptoms were explored in patients with otological symptoms and normal audiometric findings.Methods:A prospective case study and literature review were performed. The audiometric features of 104 temporomandibular disorder patients were compared with those of 110 control participants.Results:A large proportion of temporomandibular disorder patients had several otological symptoms. Twenty-five per cent of unilateral or bilateral temporomandibular disorder patients had either unilateral (ipsilateral) or bilateral hearing loss; respectively, which was usually mild (p= 0.001). Hearing loss was predominantly sensorineural.Conclusion:The main cause of otological symptoms (apart from otalgia) and of audiometric findings in temporomandibular disorder patients is postulated to be an altered middle-ear to inner-ear pressure equilibrium.
The high resolution melting analysis (HRM) as a molecular tool for monitoring parasites of the wildlife
Authors: HÉRITIER LAURENT , VERNEAU OLIVIER , BREUIL GREGORY , MEISTERTZHEIM ANNE-LEILA 
Published: December 2016

SUMMARYIn an interconnected world, the international pet trade on wild animals is becoming increasingly important. As a consequence, non-native parasite species are introduced, which affect the health of wildlife and contribute to the loss of biodiversity. Because the investigation of parasite diversity within vulnerable host species implies the molecular identification of large samples of parasite eggs, the sequencing of DNA barcodes is time-consuming and costly. Thereby, the objectives of our study were to apply the high resolution melting (HRM) approach for species determination from pools of parasite eggs. Molecular assays were validated on flatworm parasites (polystomes) infecting the Mediterranean pond turtleMauremys leprosaand the invasive red-eared sliderTrachemys scripta elegansin French natural environments. HRM analysis results indicated that double or multiple parasitic infections could be detected from wild animal populations. They also showed that the cycle of parasite eggs production was not regular over time and may depend on several factors, among which the ecological niche and the target species. Thereby, monitoring parasites from wild endangered animals implies periodic parasitological surveys to avoid false negative diagnostics, based solely on eggs production.
The effects of seasonality on host–bat fly ecological networks in a temperate mountain cave
Authors: RIVERA-GARCÍA KARINA D. , SANDOVAL-RUIZ CÉSAR A. , SALDAÑA-VÁZQUEZ ROMEO A. , SCHONDUBE JORGE E. 
Published: December 2016

SUMMARYChanges in the specialization of parasite–host interactions will be influenced by variations in host species composition. We evaluated this hypothesis by comparing the composition of bats and bat flies within a roost cave over one annual. Five bat and five bat fly species occupied the cave over the course of the study. Bat species composition was 40% different in the rainy season compared with the dry–cold and dry–warm seasons. Despite the incorporation of three new bat species into the cave during the rainy season, bat fly species composition was not affected by seasonality, since the bats that arrived in the rainy season only contributed one new bat fly species at a low prevalence. Bat–bat fly ecological networks were less specialized in the rainy season compared with the dry–cold and dry–warm seasons because of the increase of host overlap among bat fly species during this season. This study suggests that seasonality promote: (1) differences in host species composition, and (2) a reduction in the specialization of host–parasite ecological networks.
Prevalence, hematological findings and genetic diversity ofBartonellaspp. in domestic cats from Valdivia, Southern Chile
Authors: MÜLLER ANANDA , WALKER ROMINA , BITTENCOURT PEDRO , MACHADO ROSANGELA ZACARIAS , BENEVENUTE JYAN LUCAS , DO AMARAL RENAN BRESSIANI , GONÇALVES LUIZ RICARDO , ANDRÉ MARCOS ROGÉRIO 
Published: December 2016

SUMMARYThe present study determined the prevalence, hematological findings and genetic diversity ofBartonellaspp. in domestic cats from Valdivia, Southern Chile. A complete blood count andnuoGgene real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) forBartonellaspp. were performed in 370 blood samples from cats in Valdivia, Southern Chile.nuoGqPCR-positive samples were submitted to conventional PCR for thegltAgene and sequencing for species differentiation and phylogenetic analysis. Alignment ofgltAgene was used to calculate the nucleotide diversity, polymorphic level, number of variable sites and average number of nucleotide differences.BartonellaDNA prevalence in cats was 18·1% (67/370). Twenty-nine samples were sequenced with 62·0% (18/29) identified asBartonella henselae, 34·4% (10/29) asBartonella clarridgeiae, and 3·4% (1/29) asBartonella koehlerae. Bartonella-positive cats had low DNA bacterial loads and their hematological parameters varied minimally. EachBartonellaspecies from Chile clustered together and with otherBartonellaspp. described in cats worldwide.Bartonella henselaeandB. clarridgeiaeshowed a low number of variable sites, haplotypes and nucleotide diversity.Bartonella clarridgeiaeandB. koehleraeare reported for the first time in cats from Chile and South America, respectively.
Assessment of seed quality using non-destructive measurement techniques: a review
Authors: Rahman Anisur , Cho Byoung-Kwan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSeed quality is of great importance in optimizing the cost of crop establishment. Rapid and non-destructive seed quality detection methods must therefore be developed for agriculture and the seed production industry. This review focuses primarily on non-destructive techniques, namely machine vision, spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging, soft X-ray imaging, thermal imaging and electronic nose techniques, for assessing the quality of agricultural seeds. The fundamentals of these techniques are introduced. Seed quality, including chemical composition, variety identification and classification, insect damage and disease assessment as well as seed viability and germinability of various seeds are discussed. We conclude that non-destructive techniques are accurate detection methods with great potential for seed quality assessment.
Changes in body fatness affect cardiovascular outcomes more than changes in physical activity
Authors: Cayres Suziane U. , Kemper Han C. G. , Vanderlei Luiz C. M. , Casonatto Juliano , Machado-Rodrigues Aristides M. , Barbosa Maurício F. , Fernandes Rômulo A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to analyse whether changes in physical activity and body fatness are related to modifications in cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents.Material and methodsA sample of 89 healthy adolescents was recruited for this study. We assessed habitual physical activity, body fat percentage, arterial thickness, blood sample, and biological maturation. Multivariate models were used to analyse the relationships between independent and dependent variables.ResultsPhysical activity (mean difference: 429.4 steps [95% confidence interval=−427 to 1286]) and body fatness (mean difference: −0.7% [95% confidence interval=−1.6–0.2]) remained stable during the study period. Independent of changes in physical activity, for each percentage increase in body fatness, femoral intima-media thickness increased by 0.007 mm (β=0.007 [95% confidence interval=0.001–0.013]). Longitudinal relationships were found for high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (β=−0.477 mg/dl [95% confidence interval=−0.805 to −0.149]) and triacylglycerol (β=2.329 mg/dl [95% confidence interval=0.275–4.384]).ConclusionChanges in body fatness are more important than the amount of physical activity on cardiovascular and metabolic risks.
Transcatheter closure or surgical repair of right pulmonary artery–left atrial fistula
Authors: Yang Yan-Kun , Zheng Hong , Zhou Xian-Liang 
Published: December 2016

AbstractRight pulmonary artery–left atrial fistula is a rare congenitalcardiac anomaly, and only a few articles published so far have reported the diagnosis and treatment of right pulmonary artery–left atrial fistula. In this study, we report three cases of successful transcatheter closure or surgical repair of right pulmonary artery–left atrial fistula.
Late-term development of an atrial defect and thrombus formation after device fracture following successful transcatheter closure of an atrial septal defect with a STARFlex device
Authors: Rose Molly J. , Cevallos Priscila C. , Gellis Laura , Bergersen Lisa 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDevelopment of a new defect following transcatheter closure of an atrial septal defect has yet to be reported. In this study, we present an acutely successful atrial septal defect closure with a STARFlex device, resulting in surgical explantation after discovery of device fracture, thrombus formation, and a second atrial defect 5 years after catheterisation. This case highlights the need for ongoing device surveillance, even in late follow-up.
Recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms underlying postural tachycardia syndrome in children: practical implications for treatment
Authors: Zheng Xiaochun , Chen Yonghong , Du Junbao 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPostural tachycardia syndrome is defined by a heart rate increment of 40 beats/minute (bpm) (or a heart rate that exceeds 125 bpm) within 10 minutes of change from the supine position to an upright position in the absence of obvious orthostatic hypotension. There are multiple pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie postural tachycardia syndrome, including peripheral denervation, β-receptor supersensitivity, hypovolaemia, and impaired muscle pump. Some children afflicted with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome and hypovolaemic dysregulation have been found to have perturbed renin–angiotensin–aldosterone profile, disturbed vascular endothelial function, and abnormal vasodilation. The hyperadrenergic state in some postural tachycardia syndrome patients is likely a driver for orthostatic tachycardia. Other mechanisms include the presence of treatable autonomic neuropathies. An understanding of these pathophysiological mechanisms might be helpful for the effective treatment of postural tachycardia syndrome.
Training novice clinical psychologist trainees to implement effective CBT for anxiety disorders: training model and clinic outcomes
Authors: O'Keeffe Fiadhnait , Watson Sue , Linke Stuart 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe need for development of effective models of training and superivision for trainee clinical psychologists to build CBT competencies and to implement high-quality CBT is frequently highlighted. Effectiveness of trainee therapist outcomes working within different models of training, supervision and services is also important to establish. This paper reports on the development and outcome effectiveness of a model of training and supervision aimed at increasing CBT clinical skills and competence of trainee clinical psychologists offering CBT for anxiety disorders in an anxiety disorders clinic (ADC) in inner-city London. Details of the training and supervision model are provided, which was conducted over a period of 3 months, with ongoing weekly supervision throughout the intervention period. Pre- and post-intervention data were analysed from service users who attended the ADC over a 2-year period. Over the 2-year period, 10 trainees treated 57 clients. Data from completer and intention-to-treat samples indicated that scores on four outcome measures improved significantly: at post-therapy, 75% of service users who completed the intervention showed reliable and clinically significant recovery or improvement. When supported by appropriate training and supervision, as outlined in this training model, initially inexperienced trainee psychologists can achieve outcomes comparable to those obtained in other secondary-care settings with qualified therapists.
Transgenerationale Emotionsregulation
Authors: Thomsen Tamara , Lessing Nora , Greve Werner 
Published: December 2016

Zusammenfassung. Die Entwicklung von Strategien zur Emotionsregulation ist eine zentrale Entwicklungsaufgabe im Kindesalter, da insbesondere funktionale Strategien mit weniger Verhaltensauffälligkeiten im Zusammenhang stehen. Noch immer ist jedoch nicht hinreichend geklärt, welche Faktoren zu ihrer Entwicklung beitragen – eine zentrale Rolle scheinen dabei die Eltern zu spielen. In einer Studie mit 98 Kindern (3 bis 6 Jahre) und je einem Elternteil wird untersucht, inwieweit elterliche und kindliche ER-Strategien zusammenhängen, welche Rolle verschiedene Indikatoren des emotionalen Familienklimas dabei spielen und in welchem Zusammenhang diese mit kindlichen Verhaltensauffälligkeiten stehen. Pfadanalysen zeigen, dass negative Familienklimafaktoren nicht nur ungünstig mit (der Übertragung von) kindlichen, funktionalen Strategien, sondern auch mit einer gesunden Entwicklung in Verbindung stehen. Ein günstiges Familienklima scheint hingegen keinen ausdrücklich förderlichen Einfluss zu haben.
Emergent Weyl excitations in systems of polar particles
Authors: Syzranov Sergey V. , Wall Michael L. , Zhu Bihui , Gurarie Victor , Rey Ana Maria 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWeyl fermions are massless chiral particles first predicted in 1929 and once thought to describe neutrinos. Although never observed as elementary particles, quasiparticles with Weyl dispersion have recently been experimentally discovered in solid-state systems causing a furore in the research community. Systems with Weyl excitations can display a plethora of fascinating phenomena and offer great potential for improved quantum technologies. Here, we show that Weyl excitations generically exist in three-dimensional systems of dipolar particles with weakly broken time-reversal symmetry (by for example a magnetic field). They emerge as a result of dipolar-interaction-induced transfer of angular momentum between the J=0 and J=1 internal particle levels. We also discuss momentum-resolved Ramsey spectroscopy methods for observing Weyl quasiparticles in cold alkaline-earth-atom systems. Our results provide a pathway for a feasible experimental realization of Weyl quasiparticles and related phenomena in clean and controllable atomic systems.
Inferring time derivatives including cell growth rates using Gaussian processes
Authors: Swain Peter S. , Stevenson Keiran , Leary Allen , Montano-Gutierrez Luis F. , Clark Ivan B.N. , Vogel Jackie , Pilizota Teuta 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOften the time derivative of a measured variable is of as much interest as the variable itself. For a growing population of biological cells, for example, the population’s growth rate is typically more important than its size. Here we introduce a non-parametric method to infer first and second time derivatives as a function of time from time-series data. Our approach is based on Gaussian processes and applies to a wide range of data. In tests, the method is at least as accurate as others, but has several advantages: it estimates errors both in the inference and in any summary statistics, such as lag times, and allows interpolation with the corresponding error estimation. As illustrations, we infer growth rates of microbial cells, the rate of assembly of an amyloid fibril and both the speed and acceleration of two separating spindle pole bodies. Our algorithm should thus be broadly applicable.
Atomic-scale observation of structural and electronic orders in the layered compound α-RuCl3
Authors: Ziatdinov M. , Banerjee A. , Maksov A. , Berlijn T. , Zhou W. , Cao H. B. , Yan J.-Q. , Bridges C. A. , Mandrus D. G. , Nagler S. E. , Baddorf A. P. , Kalinin S. V. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA pseudospin-1/2 Mott phase on a honeycomb lattice is proposed to host the celebrated two-dimensional Kitaev model which has an elusive quantum spin liquid ground state, and fascinating physics relevant to the development of future templates towards topological quantum bits. Here we report a comprehensive, atomically resolved real-space study by scanning transmission electron and scanning tunnelling microscopies on a novel layered material displaying Kitaev physics, α-RuCl3. Our local crystallography analysis reveals considerable variations in the geometry of the ligand sublattice in thin films of α-RuCl3 that opens a way to realization of a spatially inhomogeneous magnetic ground state at the nanometre length scale. Using scanning tunnelling techniques, we observe the electronic energy gap of ≈0.25 eV and intra-unit cell symmetry breaking of charge distribution in individual α-RuCl3 surface layer. The corresponding charge-ordered pattern has a fine structure associated with two different types of charge disproportionation at Cl-terminated surface.
Dual matter-wave inertial sensors in weightlessness
Authors: Barrett Brynle , Antoni-Micollier Laura , Chichet Laure , Battelier Baptiste , Lévèque Thomas , Landragin Arnaud , Bouyer Philippe 
Published: December 2016

AbstractQuantum technology based on cold-atom interferometers is showing great promise for fields such as inertial sensing and fundamental physics. However, the finite free-fall time of the atoms limits the precision achievable on Earth, while in space interrogation times of many seconds will lead to unprecedented sensitivity. Here we realize simultaneous 87Rb–39K interferometers capable of operating in the weightless environment produced during parabolic flight. Large vibration levels (10−2 g Hz−1/2), variations in acceleration (0–1.8 g) and rotation rates (5° s−1) onboard the aircraft present significant challenges. We demonstrate the capability of our correlated quantum system by measuring the Eötvös parameter with systematic-limited uncertainties of 1.1 × 10−3 and 3.0 × 10−4 during standard- and microgravity, respectively. This constitutes a fundamental test of the equivalence principle using quantum sensors in a free-falling vehicle. Our results are applicable to inertial navigation, and can be extended to the trajectory of a satellite for future space missions.
A therapeutic Porphyromonas gingivalis gingipain vaccine induces neutralising IgG1 antibodies that protect against experimental periodontitis
Authors: O’Brien-Simpson Neil M , Holden James A , Lenzo Jason C , Tan Yan , Brammar Gail C , Walsh Katrina A , Singleton William , Orth Rebecca K H , Slakeski Nada , Cross Keith J , Darby Ivan B , Becher Dorit , Rowe Tony , Morelli Adriana Baz , Hammet Andrew , Nash Andrew , Brown Anna , Ma Bing , Vingadassalom Didier , McCluskey Jacqueline , Kleanthous Harold , Reynolds Eric C 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPorphyromonas gingivalis infected mice with an established P. gingivalis-specific inflammatory immune response were protected from developing alveolar bone resorption by therapeutic vaccination with a chimera (KAS2-A1) immunogen targeting the major virulence factors of the bacterium, the gingipain proteinases. Protection was characterised by an antigen-specific IgG1 isotype antibody and Th2 cell response. Adoptive transfer of KAS2-A1-specific IgG1 or IgG2 expressing B cells confirmed that IgG1-mediated protection. Furthermore, parenteral or intraoral administration of KAS2-A1-specific polyclonal antibodies protected against the development of P. gingivalis-induced bone resorption. The KAS2-A1-specific antibodies neutralised the gingipains by inhibiting: proteolytic activity, binding to host cells/proteins and co-aggregation with other periodontal bacteria. Combining key gingipain sequences into a chimera vaccine produced an effective therapeutic intervention that protected against P. gingivalis-induced periodontitis.