bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Intensive Insulin Use May Preserve β-Cell Function in Neonatal Diabetes Due to Mutations in the Proinsulin Gene
Authors: Letourneau Lisa R , Carmody David , Philipson Louis H , Greeley Siri Atma W 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Although mutations in the proinsulin gene (INS) are the second most common cause of neonatal diabetes mellitus, the natural history of β-cell death and the most appropriate treatments remains unknown. We describe the management and outcome of two sisters with INS-mediated diabetes (S1 and S2) and suggest that more intensive insulin treatment of S2 may have resulted in better clinical outcomes. S1 was diagnosed with diabetes after presenting with serum glucose of 404 mg/dL (22.4 mmol/L) and started multiple daily insulin injections at age 4 months, followed by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) at age 42 months. S1 had positive genetic testing at age 4 months for the GlyB8Ser or Gly32Ser mutation in proinsulin. S2 had positive research-based genetic testing, age 1 month, before she had consistently elevated blood glucose levels. Continuous glucose monitoring revealed abnormal excursions to 200 mg/dL. Low-dose insulin therapy was initiated at age 2.5 months via CSII. At age-matched time points, S2 had higher C-peptide levels, lower hemoglobin A1c values, and lower estimated doses of insulin as compared with S1. Earlier, more intensive insulin treatment was associated with higher C-peptide levels, decreased insulin dosing, and improved glycemic control. Initiating exogenous insulin before overt hyperglycemia and maintaining intensive insulin management may reduce the demand for endogenous insulin production and may preserve β-cell function. Studies accumulating data on greater numbers of participants will be essential to determine whether these associations are consistent for all INS gene mutations.
ΔΕΠ-Υ και Ελλείμματα στα Μαθηματικά
Authors: Νικολόπουλος Γιάννης 
Published: November 2017

Για να σταθεί στην κοινωνία το σημερινό παιδί, ο αυριανός ενήλικας, πρέπει να έχει κατακτήσει βασικές γνώσεις, στην Ανάγνωση και τα Μαθηματικά. Οι Μαθησιακές Δυσκολίες στα Μαθηματικά δημιουργούν σημαντικές δυσκολίες στην καθημερινή ζωή. Τα Ελλείμματα των Μαθηματικών έχουν αρκετές αιτίες: 1) Το «χάσιμο» μαθημάτων που επιφέρει την ύπαρξη κενών στην Μαθηματική Αλυσίδα. 2) Την Ακατάλληλη ή Περιορισμένη Διδασκαλία. 3) Την Δυσαριθμησία αλλά επίσης δεν είναι αμελητέος και ο ρόλος της Δυσλεξίας. 4) Την μειονεξία στην Αισθητηριακή Μνήμη (ακουστική ή οπτική) που δυσκολεύει, μειώνει την ροή των χρήσιμων πληροφοριών προς την μνήμη εργασίας. 5) Την περιορισμένη Μνήμη Εργασίας, 6) Το Άγχος των Μαθηματικών και 7) Την Ελλειμματική Προσοχή που περιορίζει, μειώνει την ικανότητα του παιδιού στην συλλογή πληροφοριών, ενώ επιπλέον η παρουσία της Παρορμητικότητα δυσκολεύει την ενδελεχή μελέτη και απάντηση. Στην παρούσα ανακοίνωση θα σταθούμε σε μελέτη περίπτωσης παιδιού με ΔΕΠΥ με σαφείς διαγνώσεις από Κ.Ε.Δ.Δ.Υ. αλλά επιπλέον και από αξιόλογα Ιδιωτικά Ιδρύματα. Στο παιδί αυτό εφαρμόσαμε διετή Εκπαιδευτική Παρέμβαση στηριγμένη στην Βιωματική Διδασκαλία και είδαμε απτά θετικά αποτελέσματα. Το συγκεκριμένο παιδί έχει επιλεγεί γιατί μετά από Αξιολόγηση παρουσίαζε τα παρακάτω αδύναμα και δυνατά σημεία: Ελλείμματα στα Μαθηματικά, Ελλείμματα στην Ανάγνωση, ικανοποιητική Μνήμη Εργασίας, Έντονη περιπλάνηση του νου (mind-wandering), Περιορισμένη Εστίαση (focus), Έντονο Στρες (άγχος) στα Μαθηματικά, ενώ έχουμε αποδεδειγμένα υψηλό δείκτη νοημοσύνης. Η βιωματική διδασκαλία, όπως πλέον προσφέρεται με την αξιοποίηση εξελιγμένων λογισμικών (GeoGebra κ.τ.λ.), μπορεί να συνεισφέρει θεαματικές βελτιώσεις στη διεργασία διδασκαλίας/μάθησης. Έχοντας για εργαλεία τις διαφάνειες (Power Point), επιτυγχάνουμε την συγκέντρωση και διάρκεια της προσοχής, που είναι καθοριστική στην ολοκλήρωση μιας εκπαιδευτικής δραστηριότητας. Τα παιδιά με ΔΕΠΥ, που έχουν καλή ή και υψηλή νοημοσύνη μπορούν να βελτιώσουν την ακαδημαϊκή τους επίδοση, απλά χρειάζονται έναν διαφορετικό τρόπο παρέμβασης, από την πολύ-αισθητηριακή έως και την σύγχρονη διεπιστημονική STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics) διδασκαλία.
Η φυσική δραστηριότητα και ο αθλητισμός στη ζωή των παιδιών με Διαταραχή Φάσματος Αυτισμού
Authors: Παπαδοπούλου Ιωάννα , Συριοπούλου Χριστίνα 
Published: November 2017

Τα άτομα με Διαταραχή Φάσματος Αυτισμού (ΔΦΑ) παρουσιάζουν ελλείμματα στις κοινωνικές δεξιότητες, στο λόγο και στην επικοινωνία, στερεοτυπικές συμπεριφορές, αισθητηριακά και κινητικά προβλήματα και περιορισμένα ενδιαφέροντα (Worley & Matson, 2012; Hanley et al., 2011). Σύμφωνα με έρευνες, η αναπτυξιακή αισθητηριακή και κινητική διαταραχή σε παιδιά με ΔΦΑ αποτελεί θεμελιώδη συνδετικό κρίκο για την κατανόηση χαρακτηριστικών της ΔΦΑ (Craig & Whyatt, 2013). Παιδιά με ΔΦΑ, από την νηπιακή ηλικία, εμφανίζουν άσκοπες επαναληπτικές κινήσεις, κινητική αδεξιότητα, περπάτημα στις μύτες των ποδιών, άλλες διαταραχές στη βάδιση, ασυνήθιστες στάσεις σώματος, και υποτονική ή αυξημένη κινητικότητα των αρθρώσεων (Shetreat-Klein et al., 2014). Τα αίτια φαίνεται να οφείλονται σε παράγοντες όπως η ιδιαίτερη παθοφυσιολογία των μηχανισμών λειτουργίας του σώματος και της κίνησης στα παιδιά αυτά (Ming et al., 2007; Rapin, 1996). Άλλοι παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν τη δραστηριότητα των παιδιών με ΔΦΑ είναι η διαφορετική καρδιακή απόκριση (Pace & Bricout, 2015), η παρουσία στερεοτυπικών συμπεριφορών, η δυσκολία στην κοινωνική συμπερίληψη και στη δημιουργία κοινωνικών δεσμών (Pan, 2009), παράγοντες οι οποίοι συμβάλουν στην παράταση της καθιστικής ζωής η οποία συχνά οδηγεί στην παχυσαρκία (Must et al., 2014). Μελέτες (Tyler et al., 2014) οι οποίες εξέτασαν το βαθμό της φυσικής δραστηριότητας έδειξαν πως τα παιδιά με ΔΦΑ έχουν μικρότερη σωματική δύναμη και αντοχή και είναι λιγότερο δραστήρια από τα συνομήλικά τους τυπικής ανάπτυξης (ΤΑ). Παρουσίαζαν μέτρια έως έντονη σωματική δραστηριότητα αλλά αφιέρωναν περισσότερο χρόνο σε καθιστική συμπεριφορά (Rosser-Sandt & Frey, 2005; Pan & Frey, 2006; Pan, 2009; Bandini et al., 2013).
France Supports Accrual Accounting For The Public Sector
Authors: Calmel Marie-Pierre 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This article explains why France supports accrual accounting for the public sector. The French CNOCP, in producing accounting standards for the public sector, takes into consideration the public sector characteristics which are mentioned in the Conceptual Framework for public accounts. The last part of this article presents the link between budgeting and accounting in the French context.
Open Debate on Accounting for the European Private Sector
Authors: Graeff Imke 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This article contains the proceedings of the open debate that followed the plenary panel on ‘Accounting for the European Private Sector: Reconsidering Accounting Objectives From Economy and Finance’ at the international workshop on ‘Which Accounting Regulation for Europe’s Economy and Society?’ organised under the auspices of the European Parliament in Strasbourg, on 20 May 2015.
Bacterial Infection Potato Tuber Soft Rot Disease Detection Based on Electronic Nose
Authors: Chang Zhiyong , Lv Jianhua , Qi Hongyan , Ma Yunhai , Chen Donghui , Xie Jun , Sun Youhong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSoft rot is a severe bacterial disease of potatoes, and soft rot infection can cause significant economic losses during the storage period of potatoes. In this study, potato soft rot was selected as the research object, and a type of potato tuber soft rot disease early detection method based on the electronic nose technology was proposed. An optimized bionic electronic nose gas chamber and a scientific and reasonable sampling device were designed to detect a change in volatile substances of the infected soft rot disease of potato tuber. The infection of soft rot disease in potato tuber samples was detected and identified by using the RBF NN algorithm and SVM algorithm. The results revealed that the proposed bionic electronic nose system can be utilized for early detection of potato tuber soft rot disease. Through comparison and analysis, the recognition rate using the SVM algorithm reached up to 89.7%, and the results were superior to the RBF NN algorithm.
Molecular cloning, characterization and evolutionary analysis of leptin gene in Chinese giant salamander, Andrias davidianus
Authors: Tian Hai-feng , Hu Qiao-mu , Meng Yan , Xiao Han-bing 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLeptin is an important hormone possessing diverse physiological roles in mammals and teleosts. However, it has been characterized only in a few amphibian species, and its evolutions are still under debate. Here, the full length of the leptin (Adlep) cDNA of Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus), an early diverging amphibian species, is characterized and according to the results of the primary sequence analysis, tertiary structure reconstruction and phylogenetic analysis is confirmed to be an ortholog of mammalian leptin. An intron was identified between the coding exons of A. davidianus leptin, which indicated that the leptin is present in the salamander genome and contains a conserved gene structure in vertebrates. Adlep is widely distributed but expression levels vary among different tissues, with highest expression levels in the muscle. Additionally, the leptin receptor and other genes were mapped to three known leptin signaling pathways, suggesting that the leptin signaling pathways are present in A. davidianus. Phylogenetic topology of leptins are consistent with the generally accepted evolutionary relationships of vertebrates, and multiple leptin members found in teleosts seem to be obtained through a Cluopeocephala-specific gene duplication event. Our results will lay a foundation for further investigations into the physiological roles of leptin in A. davidianus.
Influence of grain size distribution on dynamic shear modulus of sands
Authors: Dyka Ireneusz , Srokosz Piotr E. , Bujko Marcin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe paper presents the results of laboratory tests, that verify the correlation between the grain-size characteristics of non-cohesive soils and the value of the dynamic shear modulus. The problem is a continuation of the research performed at the Institute of Soil Mechanics and Rock Mechanics in Karlsruhe, by T. Wichtmann and T. Triantafyllidis, who derived the extension of the applicability of the Hardin’s equation describing the explicite dependence between the grain size distribution of sands and the values of dynamic shear modulus. For this purpose, piezo-ceramic bender elements generating elastic waves were used to investigate the mechanical properties of the specimens with artificially generated particle distribution. The obtained results confirmed the hypothesis that grain size distribution of non-cohesive soils has a significant influence on the dynamic shear modulus, but at the same time they have shown that obtaining unambiguous results from bender element tests is a difficult task in practical applications.
Cohort, Age and Business Cycle Effects in Entrepreneurship in Latin America
Authors: Bukstein Daniel , Gandelman Nestor 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
How the entrepreneurship rate changes with age and the business cycle has been theoretically and empirically studied. On the other hand, cohort effects have been mostly neglected in the literature. Cohort effects are intrinsic generation characteristics that follow individuals over their lifetime and the business cycles. We propose a methodology to differentiate between age, time (business cycle) and cohort effects in entrepreneurship. We find that time effects are highly correlated with GDP growth. Age effects show and inverse U shaped with maximum between 40 and 50 years. In Brazil, Mexico and Uruguay we find decreasing entrepreneurship in younger cohorts, and almost no change in Peru and Chile.
How do Firms with Management Ability Promote Competitive Advantages? An Integrated Model from Entrepreneurial Strategy Making and Internal Resources
Authors: Lee TingKo , Liu Hsian-Ming 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis study explores whether managerial ability (MA) promotes firms’ competitive advantages (CAs). By combining data collected through a questionnaire survey and a secondary database from 181 public firms in Taiwan, the results show that superior MA enhances CAs. Moreover, this research presents the mechanisms of value and rareness and offers evidence that MA promotes CAs through these mechanisms. More importantly, this research further finds that entrepreneurial strategy making (ESM) positively strengthens these mediated effects such that the indirect effects are stronger when ESM is strong rather than weak.
Social impact of menstrual problems among adolescent school girls in rural Tamil Nadu
Authors: Ravi Rama , Shah Pankaj B. , Edward Shanthi , Gopal Palani , Sathiyasekaran B.W.C. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Background
Adolescence is a period of physiological, psychological and social transition between childhood and adulthood and is characterized by the onset of menstruation in girls. A adolescent girls are naïve about menstruation and they take time to adapt to these changes both socially and psychologically. This study was carried out to assess the psychosocial impact of menstrual problems among schoolgoing adolescent girls.

Methods
This study is a cross-sectional study carried out in 350 schoolgoing adolescent girls in the year 2012 in the Thiruvallur district of Tamil Nadu. Girls who attained menarche 1 year prior to the data collection were included in the study. Data regarding background characteristics and psychosocial impact of menstrual problems were collected. Data was analyzed using SPSS ver. 15 software. The χ2-test was carried out to assess the statistical significance at the 95% level of significance.

Results
The mean age of the participants was 14.7 years. In this study, 87.7% of the girls had at least one menstrual problem. Among these, 78.5% could not attend school during menstruation, 51.1% were unable to perform household/sports activities (p < 0.001). It was observed that dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia were at increased risk of absenting the girls from school (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The key to a sound adolescent health programme is a holistic approach which also focuses on the psychological and social domain of health. This could be achieved by involving all the stakeholders like parents, teachers, etc. to work as a team. It is also essential to develop adolescent friendly health services at the grass root level.
Matthæus und die Königinnen. Der Kommentar des Matthæus Parisiensis zu der
Prophetia Merlini
des Galfred von Monmouth
Authors: Wille Clara 
Published: November 2017

Zusammenfassung
Der Oxforder Gelehrte Galfred von Monmouth veröffentlichte 1138 die Historia Regum Britannie, die berühmte erste Artus-Sage im eigentlichen Sinn, in deren Mitte er die ebenso berühmte Weissagung des autochthonen Propheten Merlin eingefügt hat. Unmittelbar nach ihrer Veröffentlichung stiessen die Prophezeiungen auf grosses Interesse von Seiten der führenden Persönlichkeiten in Politik und Kirche, und eine lange Tradition der Auslegung nahm ihren Anfang. Heute sind uns ungefähr vierzig Kommentare zu den Prophezeiungen des Merlin bekannt, die zwischen dem 12. und 15. Jh. entstanden sind. Die dunkle und doppeldeutige Sprache der Prophezeiungen erlaubten den Kommentatoren die Figuren der Artusliteratur mit den wichtigen Ereignissen und politischen Persönlichkeiten ihrer Zeit in Verbindung zu bringen und die anglonormannischen Könige und ihre Gemahlinnen zu kritisieren. Aus Angst vor Strafe musste diese Kritik jedoch vorsichtig zum Ausdruck gebracht werden. Mitte des 13. Jahrhunderts begann der berühmte Chronist, Matthaeus Parisiensis, Mönch von St. Alban, die Arbeit an der Chronica maiora und verfasste einen Kommentar zu der Prophetia Merlini, die unter dem Jahr 465 in die Chronica eingefügt worden ist. Matthaeus verkehrte in den Kreisen der politischen Elite seiner Zeit und kannte namentlich Heinrich III. persönlich. Obwohl das Werk, und im speziellen die Chronica maiora, des Matthaeus Parisiensis Gegenstand zahlreicher Studien und Untersuchungen ist, wurde sein Kommentar zu den Prophezeiungen weniger beachtet. In dieser Studie werden einzelne Erklärungen des Matthæus untersucht, mit welchen er führende Persönlichkeiten der anglonormannischen Dynastie, wie Eleonora von Aquitanien und König Richard Löwenherz, kritisiert, indem er sie den Figuren der Prophezeiungen des Merlin gleichsetzt.
Numerical methods for the multiplicative partial differential equations
Authors: Yazıcı Muhammet , Selvitopi Harun 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We propose the multiplicative explicit Euler, multiplicative implicit Euler, and multiplicative Crank-Nicolson algorithms for the numerical solutions of the multiplicative partial differential equation. We also consider the truncation error estimation for the numerical methods. The stability of the algorithms is analyzed by using the matrix form. The result reveals that the proposed numerical methods are effective and convenient.
Modulation of Ether-à-Go-Go Related Gene (ERG) Current Governs Intrinsic Persistent Activity in Rodent Neocortical Pyramidal Cells
Authors: Cui Edward D. , Strowbridge Ben W. 
Published: November 2017

While cholinergic receptor activation has long been known to dramatically enhance the excitability of cortical neurons, the cellular mechanisms responsible for this effect are not well understood. We used intracellular recordings in rat (both sexes) neocortical brain slices to assess the ionic mechanisms supporting persistent firing modes triggered by depolarizing stimuli following cholinergic receptor activation. We found multiple lines of evidence suggesting that a component of the underlying hyperexcitability associated with persistent firing reflects a reduction in the standing (leak) K+current mediated by Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene (ERG) channels. Three chemically diverse ERG channel blockers (terfenadine, ErgToxin-1, and E-4031) abolished persistent firing and the underlying increase in input resistance in deep pyramidal cells in temporal and prefrontal association neocortex. Calcium accumulation during triggering stimuli appears to attenuate ERG currents, leading to membrane potential depolarization and increased input resistance, two critical elements generating persistent firing. Our results also suggest that ERG current normally governs cortical neuron responses to depolarizing stimuli by opposing prolonged discharges and by enhancing the poststimulus repolarization. The broad expression of ERG channels and the ability of ERG blocks to abolish persistent firing evoked by both synaptic and intracellular step stimuli suggest that modulation of ERG channels may underlie many forms of persistent activity observedin vivo.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPersistent activity, where spiking continues beyond the triggering stimulus, is a common phenomenon observed in many types of neurons. Identifying the mechanism underlying this elementary process of memory is a step forward in understanding higher cognitive function including short-term memory. Our results suggest that a reduction in the currents normally mediated by Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene (ERG) K+channels contributes to persistent firing in neocortical pyramidal cells. ERG currents have been previously studied primarily in the heart; relatively little is known about ERG function in the brain, although mutations in ERG channels have recently been linked to schizophrenia. The present study is among the first to describe its role in neocortex in relation to biophysical correlates of memory function.
RelationCRIPs with Dramaturgy: The Intervention of the Dramaturge in Devised CRIP Theatre
Authors: Chrystian Tonya Rae 
Published: November 2017

Disability theatre has a complex Canadian history according to disability studies scholar Kirsty Johnson, and “Canadian artists with disabilities have found many and provocative ways to ‘get on stage’” (Johnson 4). The formation of disability art and theatre is as multifaceted and diverse as disability itself, but there will always remain a part of the process that must confront the ableism and exclusion perpetuated by the social models of oppression both on and offstage. As disability theatre seeks to challenge dominant narratives, relocate the status of the disabled body, and positively re-imagine the value of disability, one of the important components is the role that dramaturgy can play in the formation of disability theatre, particularly in the case of devised CRIP theatre. This paper will explore some of the interventions and approaches dramaturgy may subsume to support the creation of experiential theatre that expresses the lives and narratives of disabled and mixed communities. The arguments explored in this paper will be supplemented with material taken from the collaborative production of Love in the Margins that was part of the 2016 Chinook Series in Edmonton, Alberta, becoming the first professional presentation of disability theatre in Edmonton. This paper will also explore topics such as the role of playwriting and dramaturgy in devised, experiential, and social-justice theatre, how the word “professional” can be inclusively re-defined, and the problems, processes, and ethical questions of journeying from devised community theatre to professional theatre.
К вопросу о рациональной системе показателей состояния и развития научной сферы
Authors: Башина Ольга Эмильевна , Николенко Владимир Николаевич 
Published: November 2017

<p>В статье рассматривается действующая система показателей состояния науки, критикуются отдельные ее положения. Рассматриваются показатели, которые должны более объективно и в большем соответствии с природой научного знания отражать состояние научной сферы.</p><p> </p>
О теоретико-методологических основаниях биосоциологии
Authors: Юдин Борис Григорьевич 
Published: November 2017

<p>Статья составлена из ответов выдающегося российского философа и всемирно признанного специалиста по биоэтике Бориса Григорьевича Юдина (1945–2017) на вопросы Вал. А. Лукова в связи с формированием нового научного направления «биосоциология молодежи». Ответы содержатся в частном письме, которое Б. Г. Юдин направил 29.07.2013 г. В полном объеме публикуются впервые.</p><p> </p>
Study of utilisation trends of drugs in patients admitted with cardiovascular diseases at a tertiary care hospital in Goa
Authors: Kerkar Shantadurga S. , Bhandare Padma N. 
Published: November 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> CVDs have emerged as a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the world as well as in India. Drug usage is life saving and at times many drugs may be needed. Drug utilization studies aid to find the appropriateness of treatment, identify shortcomings if any, and provide a feedback to the healthcare providers to improve their management with drugs. So such types of studies are of vital importance in every hospital.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a prospective, observational study of 180 patients with CVDs admitted in medicine and cardiology wards of a tertiary care hospital, conducted through case records and patients’ interviews. Data was represented as mean±SD, number and frequency. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Incidence of cardiovascular diseases was more in males (56.67%) than the females (43.33%). Average number of drugs prescribed per patient was 9.16 and that of cardiovascular drugs was 5.08 ± 2.15. Antiplatelets (88.88%) were the most commonly prescribed cardiovascular drugs followed by hypolipidemics (82.22%). About 15.06% of injectables and 1.2% of fixed dose combinations (FDCs) were prescribed. Drugs prescribed by generic names were 1.6% and those from the National List of Essential Medicines were 92.79%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The results of this study suggested: polypharmacy, overuse of injections and low prescribing habits from essential drug list. Though antiplatelet, hypolipidemic use was higher, these are an essential part of treatment of certain CVDs. </p>