bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactions between SSRI's and statins: Clinical relevance versus statistical significance
Authors: Petrykiv S. , De Jonge L. , Arts M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionDepression and hypercholesterolemia are two of the most commonly treated conditions in the developed countries, while the lipid–lowering agents and antidepressants are among the most widely prescribed drugs in the world. There is a common concern that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) can trigger statin adverse effects, especially myopathy. However, the supporting evidence originates from studies in-vitro and big epidemiological studies. Recent pharmacokinetic insights indicate that the magnitude of pharmacokinetic interaction between SSRIs and statins is likely to be below the threshold for clinical significance.Objectives and aimsExplorative study on pharmacokinetic effects of SSRIs on statin drugs.MethodsWe performed a detailed literature review through PubMed, EMBASE and Cochran's Library to assess the clinical relevance of combined SSRIs and statin use. To address pharmacokinetic interactions between two drug groups, we focused on:– cytochrome P450 enzyme metabolism of statins;– CYP enzyme inhibition by SSRIs;– SSRIs–statin drug interactions;– non-CYP pharmacokinetic pathways.ResultsWith regard to pharmacokinetic drug interactions and the risk of statin related myopathy, escitalopram, citalopram, and paroxetine are to be safe in co-therapy with all statins. Rosuvastatin and pravastatin are almost certain to be safe in co-therapy with all SSRIs. Fluoxetine and sertraline are also likely to be safe, even when combined with atorvastatin, simvastatin, and lovastatin.ConclusionThough the absolute risk of concomitant use of SSRIs with statins seems to be negligible, even this risk can be minimized by using lower statin doses and monitoring the patient.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Coping, schemas and cardiovascular risks – Study protocol
Authors: Slepecky M. , Prasko J. , Majercak I. , Gyorgyova E. , Kotianova A. , Zatkova M. , Chupacova M. , Tonhajzerova I. , Popelkova M. , Kotian M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAccording indicators from the OECD in 2015, cardiovascular diseases remain the main cause of mortality in most OECD countries. But main risk factor, as smoking, obesity, hypertension or physical activity do not explain that Slovak republic was the worst from OECD countries with number 404 age-standardized rates per 100,000 population.ObjectivesDetermine which psychological, psycho-physiological and anthropometrics factors are at risk of cardiovascular diseases:AimThe aim is to determine, which risk psychological, psycho-physiological and anthropometrics markers are remarkable in time, when individual subjectively perceives himself as health. Based on the analysis of these correlates will be identified predictors, mediators and moderators of the cardiovascular diseases from the area of psychological variables, which accentuates the clinical picture of a patient with cardiovascular disease. Another aim is to identify specific risk factors for target advice on a lifestyle modification and creation of an interdisciplinary methodology for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.MethodsProject is aimed to clarify the relation between psychological factors (measuring by personal inventories as temperament predispositions, maladaptive schemes, coping, personality characteristics), balance of autonomic nervous system (by measuring HRV, skin conductance, muscle tension, respiration, and surface temperature), anthropometrics characteristics (BMI, weight, height) with potential symptoms of cardiovascular diseases confirmed in cardiac evaluation (12-lead ECG), blood pressure, examination of pulse wave, and data of arteriographic examination.ConclusionsThe results of the study can help to the better understanding of the interface between psychological factors and cardiovascular problems, which help to find new diagnostic, preventive and treatment approaches.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Early Adversity, Symptoms of Depression and Breastfeeding
Authors: Jonas W. , Fleming A. , Steiner M. , Meaney M.J. , Atkinson L. , Mileva V. , Sokolowski M. , Kennedy J. 
Published: June 2017

BackroundThere is considerable variation in the prevalence of breastfeeding, which allows for investigation of factors that influence the initiation and duration of breastfeeding and its association with well being of the mother infant dyad.AimsTo better understand factors that influence (1) maternal breastfeeding status and (2) the “effects” of breastfeeding on mothers and infants.MethodsParticipants (n = 170) derive from a longitudinal Canadian study “Maternal Adversity, Vulnerability and Neurodevelopment (MAVAN)”, a project designed to understand the pre- and postnatal influences on maternal health and child social-emotional development. Mothers provided data on breastfeeding status, early life adversity, oxytocin gene and oxytocin gene receptor polymorphisms, depression/anxiety, infant temperament and maternal sensitivity.ResultsEarly life adversity associated with a shorter breastfeeding duration and higher maternal depression levels. The relation between mothers’ early adversity and the duration of breastfeeding was mediated by mothers’ depression level, but only in women carrying one variant of the oxytocin rs2740210 gene marker (CC genotype). Mothers who breastfeed at 3 months acted more sensitively towards their infants when they were 6 months old and they in turn had infants who at 18 months showed reduced negative affectivity.ConclusionWomen who have been exposed to early adversity are “living with the past” and they are, to certain extent, protected or more vulnerable to depression, depending on their genotype. Breastfeeding associated with higher maternal sensitivity, which associated with decreased negative emotionality in the infant at 18 months. Our results help to clarify associations between early life experiences, breastfeeding, and the mother-infant relationship.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Music Orchestrating Health Feelings and Senses Given to the Music Present at the Hospital During Hemodynamic Procedures: Cardiac Catheterization and Coronary Angioplasty
Authors: Paiva S. , Rezende F. , Moreira J. 
Published: June 2017

Several studies indicate that music has soothing effects and is effective for reducing stress and anxiety in coronary patients. The effects of stress on the cardiovascular system have also been proven. However, the meanings assigned to music when used during hemodynamic procedures are unknown, as are the meanings of the experience of these procedures. The aim of this research is to understand the senses and feelings of music for patients undergoing hemodynamic procedures, identify and interpret the fantasies and emotions related to, and study the possibility of deploying in hospitals the “Musical Method for Hemodynamic Procedures”, being developed by the author. This research is based on a clinical-qualitative methodology. The sampling method is the theoretical saturation. The semi-structured interview was used in order to obtain data that was submitted to content analysis. The subjects are patients undergoing hemodynamic procedures in hospital SEMPER, Brazil. We conclude that within the experience of listening to music while undergoing catheterisation 100% of the patients claimed they had overcome the experience of stress and felt calm, tranquillity, peace and happiness. Some patients described the music as a companion, as something that diverts their attention from fear, transporting them to an imaginary place, to another dimension. The episodic memory, the capacity to recognize a musical excerpt for which the spatiotemporal context surrounding its former encounter can be recalled, was also important, with surprising results in the case of patients who underwent catheterisation in the presence of music and, later, angioplasty without the presence of music.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Why do I Have to Die Twice? EMDR Treatment After Experience of Clinical Death
Authors: Softic R. , Becirovic E. , Mirkovic Hajdukov M. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundClinical death is etiologically non-specific state of reversible cessation of blood circulation and breathing, the two necessary criteria to sustain life. Serious consequences in form of anxiety and/or depression can remains after recovery.Case reportMale patient 55 y/o with no prior history of psychiatric difficulties, who experienced clinical death after cardiac infarction. Reanimation was successful and he was discharged with minimal if any cardiac consequences. During the hospitalization in Coronar unit he reacted with major depression, and aftermath with disabilitating anxiety and panic attacks followed by avoidant behavior, obsessive thoughts, social withdrawal, and consequently, very poor quality of life, regardless of the favorable outcome of somatic (cardiac) illness. The patient did not wanted psychiatric medications, so EMDR treatment was introduced. We assess negative cognition: why do I have to die twice? “Subjective unit of disturbance regarding the traumatic event (SUD) was 9”. Adhering to the EMDR protocol, the therapist helped the patient to re-process the traumatic event (the very moment when he was told that “he was died”). Complete desensitization and reprocessing were accomplished, SUD was 0, VoC was 7. Patient reached pre-morbid level of psychosocial functioning, doing his demanding job, and enjoying his social life.ConclusionNear death experience has high traumatic potential with serious psychological consequences. EMDR is efficious treatment for variety of anxiety disorders caused by psychologic trauma due to physical illness.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
ICD-11: Example of Psychotic Disorders
Authors: Gaebel W. 
Published: June 2017

The revision of the current classification criteria for disorders issued by the World Health Organization (WHO) (International Classification of Disorders, ICD-10) is underway and will also include a revision of the classification criteria of the mental and behavioural disorders. Working groups for specific groups of mental disorders had produced suggestions for revised diagnostic criteria and included a working group on schizophrenia and other primary psychotic disorders. This presentation will focus on this group of mental disorders. Major changes suggested were an introduction of symptom and course specifiers, the inclusion of cognitive symptoms and a de-emphasising of the so-called first rank symptoms of schizophrenia, a cross-sectional approach towards the classification of schizoaffective disorder and a reorganization of the acute psychotic disorders. Initial internet-based field trials showed some incremental improvements of diagnostic reliability, but more crucial for an adjustment of the revised classification criteria will be the expected results of the upcoming clinic-based field trials.Disclosure of interestUnterstützung bei Symposien/Symposia Support.– Janssen-Cilag GmbH, Neuss– Aristo Pharma GmbH, Berlin– Lilly Deutschland GmbH, Bad Homburg– Servier Deutschland GmbH, München– Fakultätsmitglied/Faculty Member– Lundbeck International Neuroscience Foundation (LINF), Dänemark
The Effects of Animal-Assisted Therapy on Happiness of Chronic Psychiatric Patients in a Nursing Home in Tehran: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Tobeh F. , Sahebalzamani M. , Fattah Moghaddam L. , Farahani H. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundPsychiatric patients who live in nursing homes may often feel a loss of autonomy, decision-making, and participation in social activities. They usually had little or no visitors and also they do not have any purpose for living. Pets may decrease this problem and improve their happiness.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of animal-assisted therapy (AAT) on happiness of chronic psychiatric patients in nursing home.MethodThe study design was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with pre and post-test. Seventy males with chronic mental health disorder who were patients of the nursing homes were randomly divided into a pet therapy intervention group and control group. Patients in the experimental group received pet-therapy with bird as 6 weeks therapy comprising 6 sessions per week. All patients were evaluated by the Oxford happiness questionnaire before and after 6 weeks.ResultsAnalysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was conducted and pretest was considered as a covariate variable. The result demonstrated that the patients in the experimental group had significantly increased (P < 0.001) happiness in posttest scores.ConclusionIt is important to consider ways of enhancing happiness in psychiatric patients who live in the nursing homes. Also, it is appearing that AAT can be helpful for them.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Relationship Between Brain Structural Abnormalities and Early Onset Psychotic Disorder–case Presentation
Authors: Allkoja B. , Mitro E. , Zenelaj B. , Alikaj V. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionContemporary structural models of several psychiatric disorders propose abnormalities in the structure and function of distinct neural networks. Clinical observations of affective and cognitive changes arising from cerebellar lesions and stimulation permit the hypothesis that the cerebellum may not be irrelevant in some neuropsychiatric states. There is evidence that patients with schizophrenia have altered corticocerebellar connectivity.ObjectivesTo evidence a case with early onset psychosis accompanied with brain structural abnormalities.MethodCase description.ResultsThe patient is 15 years old girl with an acute psychotic episode. For more than two months she had demonstrated odd behavior, getting around all the time purposelessly, abandoned school etc. She presented with disorders of perceptions, disorganized speech, insomnia and fluctuations in her mood and behavior. In her brain, MRI was found vermian atrophy, and CT was found hypocampal glyosis and dilatation of temporal corn.ConclusionsAlthough the structural mapping studies have been equivocal, the weight of evidence supports extending the study of cerebellar activity in schizophrenia. For example, the finding that unaffected first-degree relatives of probands with schizophrenia have reduced cerebellar volumes, along with the observation of reduced cerebellar volumes in neurolepticnaïve patients with schizophrenia, suggests that cerebellar atrophy may be a hereditary trait rather than a psychotropic associated epiphenomenon.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Brain Metabolic Abnormalities in Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Amorim M. , Moreira A. , Marques A. , Summavielle T. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionMain schizophrenia symptoms result from abnormalities in brain function, such as hypofrontality and structural deficits on the prefrontal-thalamic-cerebellar circuit, as shown in brain imaging studies in first-episode SCZ patients. Whether metabolic alterations may be underlying these events is being studied thoroughly.Objectives/aimsTo assess brain metabolic disturbances in first episode and/or drug-naïve SCZ patients.MethodsWe conducted a literature review through Pubmed search for MeSH: schizophrenia, metabolism, glucose, insulin, brain. Controlled studies on first episode and/or drug-naïve SCZ patients were included.ResultsLower metabolic activity in the frontal regions of the brain is associated to an increase in norepinephrine transmission and decrease in dopaminergic transmission with reduced dopamine efflux in the frontal cortex. This seems to lead to cellular changes resulting in resulting lower blood flow and glucose demand. Molecular analysis of postmortem SCZ patients’ brains has indicated alterations in glucose metabolism and insulin signalling pathways, showing evidence for prefrontal cortex decreased expression of glucose metabolism, namely glycolytic enzymes such as glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, hexokinase, phosphoglycerate mutase, enolase and pyruvate kinase and decreased levels and phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and insulin signalling proteins AKT1 and GSK3β. Significantly elevated glucose concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid were observed in SCZ patients, but with no serum levels differences. A SCZ brain specific increased glucose could be explained by preferential utilization of lactate, predominantly produced by astrocytes, over glucose as an energy substrate.ConclusionsAbnormalities in brain glucose metabolism and insulin signalling seem to appear in early stages of SCZ, suggesting a role in SCZ onset and pathophysiology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Association between GRM3 gene polymorphisms and response to treatment in Moroccan schizophrenic patients
Authors: Lagouaiti H. , Zairy G. , Charoute H. , Somali R. , Atouche N. , Elalaoui A. , Battas O. , Agoub M. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to evaluate the association between response to treatment in Moroccan schizophrenic patients and GRM3 gene polymorphisms.MethodWe have genotyped three SNPs of GRM3 gene (rs1989796, rs1468412, rs1476455) in 33 Moroccan schizophrenic patients. We assessed the severity of symptoms using Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) during two months of antipsychotics treatment.ResultsThe result revealed a positive change in PANSS negative symptoms in patients with rs1468412SNP and a difference in allele frequency of rs1989796SNP between responders and nonresponders to treatment.ConclusionOur data indicate that rs1468412 and rs1989796 GRM3 gene polymorphisms play a role in response to schizophrenia treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Remission and recovery from first-episode psychosis in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of long-term outcome studies
Authors: Lally J. , Ajnakina O. , Stubbs B. , Cullinane M. , Murphy K.C. , Gaughran F. , Murray R.M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionRemission and recovery rates for people who have had a first episode psychosis (FEP) remain uncertain.ObjectivesWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess pooled prevalence rates of remission and recovery in FEP in longitudinal studies and conducted meta regression analyses to investigate potential moderators.MethodsA systematic literature search of major electronic databases without language restrictions was conducted from database inception until July 1, 2016. Longitudinal studies with follow up greater than 1 year reporting data on remission or recovery rates in FEP were included.ResultsSeventy-nine studies were included representing 19,072 FEP patients (mean age = 26.9 years, male = 59.5%). The pooled rate of remission among 12,301 individuals with FEP was 57.9% (95%CI: 52.7–62.9, Q = 1536.3, P< 0.001, n = 60 studies, mean follow up = 5.5 years). Restricting the analysis to studies, which used the remission in schizophrenia working group (RSWG) criteria (n = 25 studies, n = 6909 patients), the pooled remission rate was 56.9% (95%CI: 48.9–64.5, Q = 656.9). Higher remission rates were moderated by studies from more recent years. The pooled prevalence of recovery among 9642 individuals with FEP was 37.9% (95%CI: 30.0–46.5, Q = 1450.8, studies = 35, P = 0.006, average follow up = 7.2 years). Recovery rates were higher (P< 0.05) in North America compared to other regions.ConclusionsOur data suggest that remission and recovery rates in FEP may be more favorable than previously thought. We observed stability of recovery rates after the first two years, suggesting that a progressive deteriorating course of illness is not typical. While remission rates have improved over time, recovery rates have not, raising questions about the effectiveness of specialist early intervention services in achieving improved recovery.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Treatment of drug-resistant schizoaffective disorder with aripiprazol depot off-label: A case report
Authors: Galmés L. Niell , Mures R.A. Baena , Páramo Í. Alberdi , Guadalupe M.M. Tenorio , Hernández G. Montero , Quijano J. Rodríguez , Deike L. Gallego , Gómez A. Carrillo 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionWe expose a woman diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder 2 years ago, before she received several diagnostics. She was admitted to the psychiatry unit with hyperactivity, pressured speech without taking an appropriate turn, flight-of-ideas, irritability, expansiveness, emotional liability, ideas of reference and insomnia without diurnal tiredness. In addition, she admitted having abandoned the medication one month ago. She was diagnosed with maniac episode with psychotic symptoms and the medication was reintroduced. After two weeks, no response was observed so we decided to introduce ability depot 600 mg/3 weeks.ObjectivesWe want to show that is possible the use of ability depot off-label in patients with a special difficulty in handling. Also, we want to show that higher doses are not dangerous and it's possible to study new treatment guidelines for ability depot.MethodsWe use the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) pre (the day of the introduction) and post (at two weeks) treatment with aripiprazol depot; the Clinical Global Impression rating scale (CGI), also pre and post.ResultsWe have obtained a punctuation of 180 in PANSS the day of the introduction of the aripiprazol depot and 45 at two weeks. In addition, we obtained 6 in CGI the day of the introduction and 3 at two weeks.ConclusionsIn this case, aripiprazol depot has shown good tolerability and efficacy for the acute phase of schizoaffective disorder at higher doses than recommended in clinical guidelines. The efficacy and safety data are consistent with short-term, placebo-controlled studies of aripiprazol depot conducted in similar populations.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.