bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gromov‐Hausdorff Limits of Kähler Manifolds with Bisectional Curvature Lower Bound
Authors: Liu Gang 
Published: October 2017

AbstractGiven a sequence of complete Kähler manifolds with bisectional curvature lower bound and noncollapsed volume, we prove that the pointed Gromov‐Hausdorff limit is homeomorphic to a normal complex analytic space. The complex analytic structure is the natural “limit” of the complex structure of Mi.© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Znf703, a novel target of Pax3 and Zic1, regulates hindbrain and neural crest development in Xenopus
Authors: Hong Chang‐Soo , Saint‐Jeannet Jean‐Pierre 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThe transcription factors Pax3 and Zic1 are critical to specify the neural plate border and to promote neural crest formation. In a microarray screen designed to identify genes regulated by Pax3 and Zic1 in Xenopus we isolated Znf703/Nlz1 a transcriptional repressor member of the NET (NocA/Nlz, Elbow, and TLP‐1) protein family. At early neurula stage znf703 is expressed in the dorsal ectoderm, spanning the neural plate and neural plate border, with an anterior boundary of expression corresponding to rhombomeres 3 and 4 (r3/r4) in the prospective hindbrain. As a bonafide target of Pax3 and Zic1, znf703 is activated by neural plate border inducing signals, and its expression depends on Pax3 and Zic1 function in the embryo. Znf703 morpholino‐mediated knockdown expanded several posterior hindbrain genes, while Znf703 overexpression completely obliterated the expression of these segmental genes, signifying that the transcriptional repressor activity of Znf703 is critical to pattern the hindbrain. Furthermore, snai2 and sox10 expression was severely impaired upon manipulation of Znf703 expression levels in the embryo suggesting that Znf703 participates in neural crest formation downstream of Pax3 and Zic1 in Xenopus.
First evidence of prehistoric eclogite quarrying for polished tools and their circulation on the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Antonio Lozano José , Puga Encarnación , Garcia‐Casco Antonio , Martínez‐Sevilla Francisco , Contreras Cortés Francisco , Carrasco Rus Javier , Martín‐Algarra Agustín 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis research provides the first evidence of prehistoric quarrying of eclogitic rocks on the Iberian peninsula. Such metamorphosed basic igneous rocks are known to have been used in southern Spain and Portugal during late prehistory as a raw material for the making of polished lithic tools (axes, adzes, chisels, and hammers). These rocks were widely used primarily because of their tolerance to blow and friction due to their mineralogical and textural characteristics. We have identified two quarries within the Sierra de Baza Natural Park (Granada), in the Betic Cordillera of southern Spain: Rambla del Agua and Cerro de San Cristóbal. The bedrock geology of these quarries forms part of the Mulhacen Complex Ophiolite Unit (Nevado‐Filábride Domain), which discontinuously outcrops along a 250‐km belt in southeastern Spain. Petrographic and geochemical analyses were conducted on raw materials from quarries in the Sierra de Baza and compared with archaeological materials from different sites in southern Iberia. These analyses allow us to specify the Nevado‐Filábride‐derived lithic source and define exchange networks. Archaeological sites around the studied quarries chronologically date their use between the early Neolithic and Bronze Age (∼5500–1500 B.C.).
Pottery production in Jerusalem during the Iron Age: A new compositional profiling
Authors: Ben‐Shlomo David , Mommsen Hans 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a first large‐scale compositional study of Iron Age pottery from Jerusalem, the capital of Judah during the Iron Age II (ca. 1000–586 B.C.E.). A sizable group of pottery vessels was analyzed by petrography and neutron activation. The aims were to identify more clearly the compositional profile of the Jerusalem pottery products and attempt to reconstruct trade and taxation patterns during the Iron Age II in the days of the kingdom of Judah. We present results defining new petrographic and chemical profiles not linked with the Moẓa clay previously associated with the Jerusalem production. Vessels made of Moẓa clay showed diverse chemical profiles, possibly indicating several sources within the Central Hills of Israel. The petrographic and chemical deductions were compared, and the complementary nature of these two techniques for pottery analysis was further emphasized, in particular in regards to the sourcing of highly calcareous clays. The compositional results of the pottery indicate that trade or transition of tax commodities related to sites around Jerusalem may have been more intensive in the latter part of the period (the Iron Age IIB), while evidence for trade with more distant regions is generally limited.
THE WORLDWIDE BURDEN OF INFANT MENTAL AND EMOTIONAL DISORDER: REPORT OF THE TASK FORCE OF THE WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR INFANT MENTAL HEALTH
Authors: Lyons‐Ruth Karlen , Todd Manly Jody , Von Klitzing Kai , Tamminen Tuula , Emde Robert , Fitzgerald Hiram , Paul Campbell , Keren Miri , Berg Astrid , Foley Maree , Watanabe Hisako 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTChildren worldwide experience mental and emotional disorders. Mental disorders occurring among young children, especially infants (birth –3 years), often go unrecognized. Prevalence rates are difficult to determine because of lack of awareness and difficulty assessing and diagnosing young children. Existing data, however, suggest that rates of disorders in young children are comparable to those of older children and adolescents (von Klitzing, Dohnert, Kroll, & Grube, ). The lack of widespread recognition of disorders of infancy is particularly concerning due to the unique positioning of infancy as foundational in the developmental process. Both the brain and behavior are in vulnerable states of development across the first 3 years of life, with potential for enduring deviations to occur in response to early trauma and deprivation. Intervention approaches for young children require sensitivity to their developmental needs within their families. The primacy of infancy as a time of unique foundational risks for disorder, the impact of trauma and violence on young children's development, the impact of family disruption on children's attachment, and existing literature on prevalence rates of early disorders are discussed. Finally, global priorities for addressing these disorders of infancy are highlighted to support prevention and intervention actions that may alleviate suffering among our youngest world citizens.
Size and number of the hypoglossal nerve foramina in the avian skull and their potential neuroanatomical significance
Authors: Mayr Gerald 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe cranial openings of nervus hypoglossus, the 12th cranial nerve, are for the first time studied across a broad range of higher avian taxa. This nerve plays an important role in the innervation of the syrinx and exits the skull through a variable number of foramina. Most previous authors described 2–3 foramina nervi hypoglossi (FNH) for neornithine birds, but the number, size, and arrangement of FNH is actually more variable than what is apparent from the literature. In the case of three foramina, there is usually a pair of caudal foramina and a rostral one, but even in closely related taxa, a great variability of the FNH pattern may exist. Many taxa of Neognathae exhibit a quadruple of symmetrically arranged FNH, in others four foramina are strung together in a line. A few taxa show more than four FNH, although in these cases the additional foramina are very small. Of particular interest is the occurrence of a very large caudal FNH in Trochilidae and many species of Passeriformes. This large foramen is suggestive of a correlation with the highly developed vocal capabilities of these birds and may transmit fibers from the tracheosyringeal portion of nucleus nervi hypoglossi, in which case it would be an osteological correlate of vocal capabilities. However, targeted neuroanatomical studies are required to determine how individual hypoglossal foramina relate to hypoglossal roots and their branches, and which of them receive fibers supplying axial, lingual, and syringeal muscles.
Development of a microextraction by packed sorbent with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry method for quantification of nitroexplosives in aqueous and fluidic biological samples
Authors: Dhingra Gaurav , Bansal Pooja , Dhingra Nidhi , Rani Susheela , Malik Ashok Kumar 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA new method for quantification of 12 nitroaromatic compounds including 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene, its metabolites and 2,4,6‐trinitrophenyl‐N‐methylnitramine with microextraction by packed sorbent followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometric detection in environmental and biological samples is developed. The microextraction device employs 4 mg of C18 silica sorbent inserted into a microvolume syringe for sample preparation. Several parameters capable of influencing the microextraction procedure, namely, number of extraction cycles, washing solvent, volume of washing solvent, elution solvent, volume of eluting solvent and pH of matrix, were optimized. The developed method produced satisfactory results with excellent values of coefficient of determination (R2 > 0.9804) within the established calibration range. The extraction yields were satisfactory for all analytes (> 89.32%) for aqueous samples and (> 87.45%) for fluidic biological samples. The limits of detection values lie in the range 14–828 pg/mL.
Isolation and purification of alkaloids from lotus leaves by ionic‐liquid‐modified high‐speed countercurrent chromatography
Authors: Wu Nan , Xie Huihui , Fang Yingtong , Liu Yuanyuan , Xi Xingjun , Chu Qiao , Dong Genlai , Lan Tao , Wei Yun 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAn effective high‐speed countercurrent chromatography method was successfully established by using ionic liquids as the modifier of the two‐phase solvent system. Adding a small amount of ionic liquids significantly shortens the separation time and improves the separation efficiency. The conditions of ionic‐liquid‐modified high‐speed countercurrent chromatography including solvent systems, types and content of added ionic liquids, and ionic liquids posttreatment were investigated. The established method was successfully applied to separate alkaloids from lotus leaves using a two‐phase solvent system composed of petroleum ether/ethyl acetate/methanol/water/[C4mim][BF4] (1:5:1:5:0.15, v/v/v/v/v). Four alkaloids pronuciferine (1.7 mg), N‐nornuciferine (4.3 mg), nuciferine (3.1 mg), and roemerine (2.1 mg) were obtained with the purities of 90.53, 92.25, 99.86, and 98.63%, respectively, from 100 mg crude extract of lotus leaves. The results indicated that the ionic‐liquid‐modified high‐speed countercurrent chromatography method was suitable for alkaloid separation from lotus leaves and would be a promising method for the separation of alkaloids from other natural products.
Fast quantitative parameter maps without fitting: Integration yields accurate mono‐exponential signal decay rates
Authors: Song Ruitian , Loeffler Ralf B. , Holtrop Joseph L. , McCarville M. Beth , Hankins Jane S. , Hillenbrand Claudia M. 
Published: October 2017

PurposeTo develop a computationally fast and accurate algorithm for mono‐exponential signal modelling and validate the new technique in the context of
mapping for iron overload assessment.MethodsAn algorithm is introduced that directly calculates
values from a series of images based on integration of the mono‐exponential signal decay curve. The algorithm is fast, because fitting is avoided and only arithmetic computations without iterations are applied. Precision and accuracy of the method is determined in comparison to the conventional log‐linear (LL), nonlinear least‐squares‐based Levenberg–Marquardt (NLM), and squared nonlinear Levenberg–Marquardt (SQNLM) methods, which rely on iterative curve fitting.ResultsIn simulations, the signal integration based method consistently had the same or better accuracy than the LL, NLM, and SQNLM algorithms for
values ranging from 50 s−1 to 1200 s−1. In phantoms and in vivo (12 participants), this method was robust over a wide range of
values and signal‐to‐noise ratios. Computation times were approximately 100, 1460, and 930 times faster than those of the LL, NLM, and SQNLM methods, respectively.ConclusionsThe fast signal integration method accurately calculates
maps. It has the potential to replace conventional, mono‐exponential fitting methods for quantitative MRI such as
parameter mapping. Magn Reson Med 79:2978–2985, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Data‐driven computing in dynamics
Authors: Kirchdoerfer T. , Ortiz M. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryWe formulate extensions to data‐riven computing for both distance‐minimizing and entropy‐maximizing schemes to incorporate time integration. Previous works focused on formulating both types of solvers in the presence of static equilibrium constraints. Here, formulations assign data points to a variable relevance depending on distance to the solution and on maximum‐entropy weighting, with distance‐minimizing schemes discussed as a special case. The resulting schemes consist of the minimization of a suitably defined free energy over phase space subject to compatibility and a time‐discretized momentum conservation constraint. We present selected numerical tests that establish the convergence properties of both types of data‐driven solvers and solutions.
A return mapping algorithm for elastoplastic and ductile damage constitutive equations using the subloading surface method
Authors: Fincato R. , Tsutsumi S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this paper is presented a return mapping algorithm for an elastoplastic/damage model that couples the constitutive equations of an unconventional plasticity model with the phenomenological description of ductile damage in the continuum damage mechanics framework. This approach combines the advantages of describing the mechanical property degradation by using the Lemaitre model with the realistic accumulation of plastic deformation in cyclic mobility problems from the subloading surface model. Most of the damage models for ductile failure focus on monotonic loading conditions, whereas the present model aims to extend the investigation to cyclic loading and low‐cycle fatigue problems. A cutting‐plane algorithm is adopted to describe the material behavior that considers both isotropic and kinematic hardening laws. Two simple numerical studies show that the elastoplastic and damage model is implemented correctly, displaying a quadratic rate of convergence for local equilibria and precise solutions, even for large‐prescribed strain increments.
On promoting understanding and equity through compassionate educational practice: Toward a new inclusion
Authors: Bilias‐Lolis Evelyn , Gelber Nicholas W. , Rispoli Kristin M. , Bray Melissa A. , Maykel Cheryl 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis work offers a conceptual synthesis of several contemporary educational service delivery models that implicitly embed compassionate educational practices into supporting the learning and growth of diverse student populations. This manuscript discusses how such paradigms, such as culturally responsive positive behavior intervention and supports (PBIS) and trauma‐informed school models, can inform, complement, and support inclusion‐ and equity‐based practices for diverse learner populations.
Mirror, mirror on the wall: Reflections on speech‐language pathologists’ image as advocates, activists, and aides
Authors: Donaldson Amy L. , Chabon Shelly , Lee‐Wilkerson Dorian , Kapantzoglou Maria 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTraditionally speech‐language pathology, along with other educational and rehabilitation‐based professions, has approached disability from a deficits‐based or medical‐model perspective with an aim toward normalizing or ameliorating a child's atypical behaviors or performance. However, an alternative perspective rooted in a social model of disability has been growing for several decades. This model argues that although an individual may experience challenges due to a specific impairment (motor, communication, social), their true disability results from the barriers to access and opportunity created by society, and seeks to identify ways to break down such barriers and capitalize on an individual's strengths to meet individual challenges. Although self‐advocates in the disability community first proposed the social model of disability in the 1970s, it remains unfamiliar to many clinicians and educators. As such, this paper aims to introduce clinicians to models of disability, with recognition of disability from a cultural lens, and acknowledgment of disability's intersectionality with ethnicity, social class, and gender. The role of speech‐language pathologists in promoting self‐advocacy, activism within the disability community, and the shifting role of teaching (aid) is then discussed through a strengths‐based lens.
Altered nucleosome positions in maize haplotypes and mutants of a subset of SWI/SNF‐like proteins
Authors: Stroud Linda K. , McGinnis Karen M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractChromatin remodelers alter DNA–histone interactions in eukaryotic organisms and have been well characterized in yeast and Arabidopsis. While there are maize proteins with similar domains as known remodelers, the ability of the maize proteins to alter nucleosome position has not been reported. Mutant alleles of several maize proteins (RMR1, CHR101, CHR106, CHR127, and CHR156) with similar functional domains to known chromatin remodelers were identified. Altered gene expression of Chr101, Chr106, Chr127, and Chr156 was demonstrated in plants homozygous for the mutant alleles. These mutant genotypes were subjected to nucleosome position analysis to determine whether misregulation of putative maize chromatin proteins would lead to altered DNA–histone interactions. Nucleosome position changes were observed in plants homozygous for chr101, chr106, chr127, and chr156 mutant alleles, suggesting that CHR101, CHR106, CHR127, and CHR156 may affect chromatin structure. The role of RNA polymerases in altering DNA–histone interactions was also tested. Changes in nucleosome position were demonstrated in homozygous mop2‐1 individuals. These changes were demonstrated at the b1 tandem repeats and at newly identified loci. Additionally, differential DNA–histone interactions and altered gene expression of putative chromatin remodelers were demonstrated between different maize haplotypes.
Seasonal field efficacy of pyriproxyfen autodissemination stations against container‐inhabiting mosquito Aedes albopictus under different habitat conditions
Authors: Suman Devi Shankar , Wang Yi , Faraji Ary , Williams Gregory M , Williges Eric , Gaugler Randy 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDControl of the container‐inhabiting mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is difficult using conventional methods due to its selection of cryptic peri‐domestic habitats. We evaluated whether autodissemination stations can deliver sufficient pyriproxyfen to sentinel containers to produce significant pupal mortality in different habitats such as competing oviposition sites, peri‐domestic habitats, junkyards and tire piles. We also tested how far the pesticide could be transferred over a 200‐m range.RESULTSAutodissemination stations performed effectively for 8–12 weeks under field conditions. Pupal mortality was reduced in sentinel cups with high‐competing oviposition habitats (5 versus 20) in isolated plots; however, similar results were not seen in residential areas. Increasing the number of stations per plot (from 1 to 4) enhanced the efficacy. Peri‐domestic habitat trials showed the highest pupal mortality (50.4%) and site contamination with pyriproxyfen (82.2%) among the trials. Autodissemination stations were able to contaminate habitats in a junkyard (50.0%) and tire piles (40.2%). Pyriproxyfen was detected in sentinel cups up to 200 m from stations. Detection of pyriproxyfen by residue analysis (0.005–0.741 µg L−1) in field samples confirmed the transfer of the insect growth regulator.CONCLUSIONAutodissemination stations have shown promising potential as a novel pest management tool against container mosquitoes in field trials in different habitats confronted by mosquito control personnel. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Metaphors describing energy transfer through ecosystems: Helpful or misleading?
Authors: Wernecke Ulrike , Schwanewedel Julia , Harms Ute 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEnergy transfer in ecosystems is an abstract and challenging topic for learners. Metaphors are widely used in scientific and educational discourse to communicate ideas about abstract phenomena. However, although considered valuable teaching tools, metaphors are ambiguous and can be misleading when used in educational contexts. Educational researchers have found metaphorical patterns in scientific and everyday language that have been analyzed on the level of conceptual metaphors. However, little is known about the way students deal with crucial metaphors of specific science content. Using metaphor theory as a framework, the study presented here focuses on metaphors describing energy transfer through an ecosystem: energy flow, energy flow is not a cycle, energy flow is a one‐way street, and energy loss. Applying qualitative content analysis, the usage of the metaphors was analyzed in 13 biology textbooks and 50 students’ texts. We found notable differences between textbooks’ and students’ application of metaphors. Students often do not adopt the metaphors or use them as intended. For example, energy flow is a conventionalized metaphor for energy transfer processes, but students tend to use this metaphor in terms of a substance instead of a process. Implications for the use of these metaphors in biology instruction are derived.
Analysis and design of hybrid electric regional turboprop aircraft
Authors: Voskuijl Mark , van Bogaert Joris , Rao Arvind G. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The potential environmental benefits of hybrid electric regional turboprop aircraft in terms of fuel consumption are investigated. Lithium–air batteries are used as energy source in combination with conventional fuel. A validated design and analysis framework is extended with sizing and analysis modules for hybrid electric propulsion system components. In addition, a modified Bréguet range equation, suitable for hybrid electric aircraft, is introduced. The results quantify the limits in range and performance for this type of aircraft as a function of battery technology level. A typical design for 70 passengers with a design range of 1528 km, based on batteries with a specific energy of 1000 Wh/kg, providing 34% of the shaft power throughout the mission, yields a reduction in emissions by 28%.