bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VIENAS IŠ TRIJŲ: SEIMO PIRMININKO STATUSAS IR VAIDMUO
Authors: Trainauskienė Sigita 
Published: December 2016

Šiame straipsnyje, remiantis neoinstitucionalizmo ir politinės lyderystėsteorijų nuostatomis, analizuojami parlamento pirmininko pareigybėsstatusas, vaidmuo ir reikšmė parlamento institucionalizacijos kontekste, pristatomi mokslinėje literatūroje nurodomi šios pareigybės tipai, pagrindžiamosteorinės prielaidos analizuoti Seimo Pirmininko pareigybę. Remiantisišskirtais kriterijais, analizuojami Lietuvos Respublikos Seimo Pirmininkovaidmuo ir reikšmė politikos procese, per Lietuvos nepriklausomybės istorijąsusiformavęs šios pareigybės tipas, jis lyginamas su atitinkamais Vakarųvalstybių modeliais.
Qualidade de vida e capacidade funcional em pacientes com úlcera arterial
Authors: Moreira Márcia Maria Renó , Augusto Fabiana Da Silva , Blanes Leila , Gragnani Alfredo , Ferreira Lydia Masako 
Published: December 2016

Objetivo: Avaliar a Qualidade de Vida (qv) e a capacidade funcional em pacientes com Doença Arterial Periférica (dap) e Úlceras Arteriais (ua).Metodologia: Estudo clínico descritivo e transversal, realizado no Sul de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Sessenta pacientes adultos alocados em três grupos —grupo dap com ua, grupo dap sem ua e grupo controle, sem dap e sem ua— foram entrevistados,utilizando-se os questionários Health Assessment Questionnaire (haq) e o Short Form-36 Health Survey (sf-36) para medir a capacidade funcional e a qv, respectivamente. Para a comparação entre os grupos, foi utilizado o teste de Kruskal-Wallis.Resultados: Quarenta e dois participantes (70%) são mulheres e a idade média foi de 63 anos. Os pacientes com dap, com ou sem ua, apresentaram incapacidade funcional significativamente maior que pacientes sem dap (p < 0,01) nos componentes relacionados a deambulação, uso de utensílios domésticos, higiene e apreensão/sustentação de objetos. Os pacientes com dap, com ou sem lesões, apresentaram sf-36 escores significativamente mais baixos —menor qv— nos domínios Capacidade funcional, Aspectos físicos, Dorcorporal, Vitalidade, Aspectos sociais e Aspecto emocional do sf-36 em relação ao grupo controle (p < 0,001). Também foram observadas diferenças significativas (p < 0,001) entre o grupo controle e o grupo com dap e ua nos domínios Estado geral desaúde e Saúde mental.Conclusão: Os pacientes com dap, com ou sem úlcera, apresentaram redução na capacidade de realização de algumas atividades cotidianas, além de baixos níveis de qv quandocomparados aos pacientes sem a doença.
The Effect of Fertilizer Regime on Soil Fauna
Authors: Sandor Mignon , Brad Traian , Maxim Aurel , Sandor Valentina , Onica Bogdan 
Published: December 2016

Soil fauna activity in agricultural soil is a key factor to maintain soil fertility and to assure soil ecosystem services. It is now accepted that agricultural practices like tillage and pesticide use can harm soil organisms including earthworms and springtails. Other practices like the use of green manure or animal manure have been considered as being beneficial to these soil invertebrates. To deepen our knowledge on the effect of fertilizers (mineral and organic) on earthworms (Aporrectodea caliginosa and Lumbricus terrestris) and springtails (Folsomia candida) 56 microcosm experiments were made with two soil types and two hydric regimes. The microcosms were amended with four fertilizers: ammonium nitrate, mustard as green manure, cow manure and slurry. The results emphasize that mustard use had beneficial effect on Folsomia candida abundance and Aporrectodea caliginosa biomass, while mineral fertilizer had negative effects for all species used in the experiment.
Results obtained by investigating saffron ussing FT-IR spectroscopy
Authors: Andronie Luisa , Coroian Aurelia , Miresan Vioara , Pop Ioana , Raducu Camelia , Rotaru Ancuta , Olar Loredana 
Published: December 2016

The biological activity and the pharmaceutical properties of plants are strongly dependent on their structure.The FT-IR spectra of saffron (commercial) have been obtained. The vibrational fundamentals from the IR spectrum, were analyzed and assigned acoording to the available literature. In the present research work the genus saffron is selected because it is famous in wold as foods and also as medicine.
The influence of ascorbic acid on in vitro maturation of canine oocytes
Authors: Pernes Anamaria Jeni , Miclea Ileana , Zahan Marius , Miclea Vasile , Orlovschi Delia , Codea Andrei Razvan 
Published: December 2016

Abstract It is known that L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) can modulate many biochemical processes intracellularly or extracellularly as antioxidant. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of media supplementation with ascorbic acid on canine oocyte meiotic maturation, viability and the cumulus cell expansion. Various concentrations of ascorbic acid supplemented in in vitro maturation (IVM) media were tested. Canine oocyte was exposed to different levels of ascorbic acid (0, 50, 150, 250, 500, 750µM). Cumulus expansion, meiotic maturation and degeneration of oocytes were assessed 72 h after in vitro culture. As results, on the group treated with 250µM ascorbic acid was a significant difference compared to the control group on nuclear maturation in stages metaphase I (MI) and metaphase II (MII) (26.98% vs. 6.00%). The groups treated with 50, 150, 250, 500µM had an increase in stage (GVBD), and a significant decrease of degenerate-undefined oocytes compared with the control (23.31%, 18.85%, 13.41% vs 40.80). Concentration 750µM had similar effect to that in the control group. The groups treated with 50, 150, 250, 500µM had an increase in meiosis resumption(GVBD), metaphase I (MI) and metaphase II (MII) with the best result in the group treated with 250 µM ascorbic acid.
The Content in Bioactive Compounds of Different Brewers' Spent Grain Aqueous Extracts
Authors: FARCAS Anca , SOCACI Sonia , TOFANA Maria , MUDURA Elena , SALANTA Liana 
Published: December 2016

In the last decade by-products of food and beverage processing have attracted much attention due to their functionality and potential as food ingredients. Brewers’ spent grain is the major by-product of the brewing industry representing a valuable source of bioactive ingredients. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of extraction time and temperature on the efficiency of water as solvent for the extraction of bioactive compounds from brewers’ spent grain (BSG). In terms of extraction efficiency, the results from polyphenols, flavonoids and antioxidant activity, showed that the best extraction parameters for aqueous extracts are 90⁰C and 60 minutes. In comparison with the control, the best extraction method generated 87% of the phenolics and 43.46% of the flavonoids obtained by a methanol extraction. The preliminary results for the aqueous extracts showed that water can be used as extraction solvent, but a higher extraction time and temperature are needed in order to have a content in bioactive compounds similar to that of methanolic extracts. The obtained values for polyphenols, flavonoids and antioxidant activity, emphasize the importance and the opportunities of the reuse of this agro-industrial waste.
Fingerprinting Food Supplements and Their Botanical Ingredients by Coupled UV/Vis/FTIR Spectrometry
Authors: Baciu Anca , Ranga Floricuta , Fetea Florinela , Zavoi Simona , Socaciu Carmen 
Published: December 2016

Medicinal plants are used as ingredients for a large variety of herbal supplements. Their quality and safety versus efficacy, according to present legal requirements, need to meet the minimum quality criteria to support their use. Specific biomarkers to evaluate and screen their authenticity are phenolic derivatives, phtosterols, lipids or alkaloids. We report here the data obtained for two herbal food supplements (A and B) obtained from different mixtures of plants: Taraxacum officinalis, Cynara scolimus Silybum marianum as ingredients for product A) and Hypericum perforatum, Chelidonium majus and Lycopodium clavatum as ingredients for product B). The combination of UV-Vis and FTIR spectrometry allowed a specific fingerprint of biomarkers in individual plants and derived supplements ( A and B), by discriminating the specific areas and peaks of individual plants and mixtures, the significant differences between the methanolic and water extracts. The data were compared using chemometry ( PCA and Cluster analysis). Using Vis spectrometry combined with FTIR peak intensities at 1732 cm-1 and calibration with gallic acid, the total phenolics concentrations ranged from 5.31 to 9.58 mg gallic acid eq/ml methanol, with a positive and significant correlation between the two methods (R2= 0.979). The phenolics’ concentration were 2.5 to 4 times lower in water extracts comparing with methanol extracts of products A and B. Finally, we assume that herbal supplements can be adequately characterized for their quality and safety by combined UV-Vis spectrometry/FTIR spectrometry, with good, fast and cheap informations about the main biomarkers of authenticity.
New Varieties of Topinambour (Helianthus tuberosus) Obtained at V.R.D.S. Buzau
Authors: Vinatoru Costel , Zamfir Bianca , Bratu Camelia 
Published: December 2016

Introduction: It is not known precisely the introduction of this species in our country, most research indicates XVI century but there are opinions that consider that this species is present in our country since the Dacian times.Until now has not been cultivated on a large area and it has not been obtained a distinct biological Romanian variety. It can be said that this species has been neglected until now as vegetable crop. This crop gives a high yield in tubers, it grows better in poor soils than most crops, and it is resistant to pests and common plant diseases as well as to cold temperatures (Kosaric, N.,1994). Selection for high yield, inulin content and other economically important traits are useful for improving this crop (Mullin, W. J.,1994). Unlike most crops that store carbon as starch, a polymer of glucose, in the Jerusalem artichoke carbon is stored as inulin, a fructose polymer (Kays, 2007).Aims: The research started in 1996, aimed to obtain biological stabilized and genetically distinct varieties with reduced variability of the main characters, developing specific technology culture in accordance with DUS and rehabilitation of species through the promotion and expansion as vegetable crops in order to revaluate its many uses.Materials and Methods: It was evaluated the local genetic heritage in this species, representing valuable germplasm base composed of 24 genotypes. After purchasing the basic biological material, the evaluated genotypes were collected and 3 of them were detained as progeny. The breeding method used was the clonal selection.Results: The researches were completed with a valuable germplasm collection in this species, were obtained three varieties with distinct characteristics: L1, which shows pink-brown tubers with a tubers yield of over 3.8 kg / plant and a vegetative mass with a height of 2,5 m, L2, white tuber variety with an yield potential of 3.4 kg / plant and a rich vegetative mass with a height of over 2.8 m and L3 that shows pink tubers with an average yield of 2.4 kg / plant and an average plant height of 0.8 m.Conclusion: The research ended with the evaluation of a valuable germplasm collection. Three stabilized genetically varieties with distinct phenotypic characteristics were obtained. Among them, L1 was patented and the other two will be submitted in 2017. It was developed a specific technology for each variety and has been promotional offered improved material to growers with the aim of extending these varieties as vegetable crops.References Kays, Stanley J., and Stephen F. Nottingham. Biology and chemistry of Jerusalem artichoke: Helianthus tuberosus L. CRC press, 2007.2. Kosaric, N., et al. "The Jerusalem artichoke as an agricultural crop." Biomass5.1 (1984): 1-36.3. Mullin, W. J., et al. "The macronutrient content of fractions from Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Helianthus tuberosus)." Food chemistry 51.3 (1994): 263-269.
The elaboration of a practical protocol for the micropropagation of several apple rootstock varieties
Authors: Clapa Doina , Fira Alexandru , Simu Manuela , Harta Monica , Sisea Cristian 
Published: December 2016

The apple rootstock varieties ‘MM 106/4’, ‘MM 106/6’, ‘D 18’, ‘D 20’, ‘JTE-H’ and ‘MR 09/4’ were multiplied in vitro on modified Murashige and Skoog media gelled with wheat starch (MSs) and supplemented with 0.7 mg/l BA, which provided intense axillary shoot proliferation. Among the genotypes we studied, MR 09/4 had the highest multiplication rate (19.56), followed by D18 (15.36). The lowest multiplication rates were recorded in MM 106/6 (5.36) and in MM 106/4 (3.32). The use of the technique of direct ex vitro rooting and acclimatization in floating perlite provided rooting percentages of more than 90 %.
New Vine Varieties for High Quality White Wine Production at RDSVV Bujoru
Authors: Donici Alina , Bora Florin Dumitru , Ciubuca Aurel , Enache Viorica , Tabaranu Gabriel 
Published: December 2016

The degree of fertility coefficient absoltul (CFA) and coefficient ratio (CFR) we can see that the highest values were obtained from the variety 'Fetească regală' (54.5 ± 1.00% fertility; 1.60 ± 1.00 coefficient absolute (CFA ) and 0.86 ± 1.00 coefficinet relative (CFR). The analysis of physical-mechanical based on the results it can be seen that the variety 'Bujoru' showed the best values for all parameters analyzed (303.5 ± 1.0 (g) the average weight of the grape bunch, 278.07 ± 1.0 (g) weight of 100 berries; 213.66 ± 0.67 (g / L) sucrose sugar concent and 4.331 ± 1.0 (kg / comes) average coming production).
A Survey of Canine Anaesthesia in Veterinary Practice in Cluj-Napoca
Authors: Pestean Cosmin , Oana Liviu , Bel Lucia , Scurtu Iuliu , Clinciu George , Ober Ciprian 
Published: December 2016

A survey with 32 questions was performed in Cluj-Napoca veterinary private practices about the routine anaesthetic management of dogs. Of those veterinarians who answered this questionnaire, 18.2% are equipped with a machine for inhalation anesthesia, 27.3% do not use any monitoring during anesthesia and no one use methods of monitoring blood pressure. All the veterinarians graduated the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Ketamine and alpha 2 agonists remain the most used anesthetic substances in private practices. Postoperative analgesia is used constantly by 81.8% of veterinarians. The mortality rate in veterinary practices in Cluj - Napoca for two years was 0.25% (1:403).
Genetic Interactions in Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefts in Europe—EUROCRAN Study
Authors: Mossey Peter A. , Little Julian , Steegers-Theunissen Regine , Molloy Anne , Peterlin Borut , Shaw William C. , Johnson Candice , FitzPatrick David R. , Franceschelli Paola , Rubini Michele 
Published: December 2016

Background Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (nsCL±P) and nonsyndromic cleft palate (nsCP) are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental risk factors. We investigated gene-environment and gene-gene joint effects in a large multicenter study of case-parent triads. Methods The nsCL±P or nsCP triads were recruited in 11 European countries between 2001 and 2005. We collected DNA samples from infants and from their mothers and fathers, and mothers completed a questionnaire on exposures, including smoking and folic acid supplement use during pregnancy. We used log-linear regression to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between nsCL±P or nsCP and variants in MTHFR, MTHFD1, TGFA, SATB2, and MSX1, stratifying by environmental or genetic factors. Results We obtained genotype and exposure data for 728 nsCL±P triads and 292 nsCP triads. In male infants, there was no association between the mother's homozygous MSX1 p(CA) ∗4/∗4 genotype and nsCL±P (RR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.63–1.54), but this maternal genotype resulted in a doubling of risk for female infants (RR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.13–4.34). There was evidence suggestive of gene-gene joint-effects between MTHFR-TGFA for nsCP but not for nsCL±P. Conclusion Although we chose the genes and their variants and putative joint effects based on associations previously reported in the literature, we replicated few associations. These results do not provide evidence supporting associations between these genes and oral clefts in European populations, although gene-environment and gene-gene interactions could play a role in oral cleft etiology.
The Cleft Aesthetic Rating Scale for 18-Year-Old Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients
Authors: Mulder F.J. , Mosmuller D.G.M. , de Vet H.C.W. , Mouës C.M. , Breugem C.C. , van der Molen A.B. Mink , Don Griot J.P.W. 
Published: December 2016

Objective: To develop a reliable and easy-to-use method to assess the nasolabial appearance of 18-year-old patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (CLP). Design: Retrospective analysis of nasolabial aesthetics using a 5-point ordinal scale and newly developed photographic reference scale: the Cleft Aesthetic Rating Scale (CARS). Three cleft surgeons and 20 medical students scored the nasolabial appearance on standardized frontal photographs. Setting: VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam. Patients: Inclusion criteria: 18-year-old patients, unilateral cleft lip and palate, available photograph of the frontal view. Exclusion criteria: history of facial trauma, congenital syndromes affecting facial appearance. Eighty photographs were available for scoring. Main Outcome Measures: The interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the CARS for 18-year-old patients when used by cleft surgeons and medical students. Results: The interobserver reliability for the nose and lip together was 0.64 for the cleft surgeons and 0.61 for the medical students. There was an intraobserver reliability of 0.75 and 0.78 from the surgeons and students, respectively, on the nose and lip together. No significant difference was found between the cleft surgeons and medical students in the way they scored the nose ( P = 0.22) and lip ( P = 0.72). Conclusions: The Cleft Aesthetic Rating Scale for 18-year-old patients has a substantial overall estimated reliability when the average score is taken from three or more cleft surgeons or medical students assessing the nasolabial aesthetics of CLP patients.
Automatically unfair and operational requirement dismissals: Making sense of the 2014 amendments
Authors: Newaj Kamalesh , Van Eck Stefan 
Published: December 2016

This article explores the concept of the automatic unfair dismissal that is regulated in s 187(1)(c) of the Labour Relations Act, where the reason for the dismissal is to "compel the employee to accept a demand in respect of any matter of mutual interest". This provision raised important questions of law, as it brought to the fore the conflict that existed between this provision and sections 188(1)(a)(ii) and 189 of the LRA, which permits dismissals for operational requirements. This dichotomy was dealt with by the court in Fry's Metals, but the decision was controversial and faced criticism. The decision of the court was consequently rendered incorrect, resulting in the amendment to s 187(1)(c), which now reads that a dismissal is automatically unfair if the reason for the dismissal is a refusal by employees to accept a demand in respect of any matter of mutual interest between them and their employer. However, it is doubtful whether the amended provision provides a solution to the contradiction that exists. Resultantly, this article seeks to critique the amendment and to make recommendations regarding the regulation of this part of labour law.
Activismo artístico en el contexto de la post inundación. Propuestas colectivas y cooperativas un año después del 2A
Authors: Capasso Verónica Cecilia 
Published: December 2016

<p>En este trabajo, se propone describir y analizar algunas prácticas artísticas activistas que se realizaron a un año de la inundación de la ciudad de La Plata, ocurrida el 2 de abril de 2013. Particularmente, se indagó en la red colaborativa y cooperativa que se construyó entorno a la acción artística. Se retomaron previamente distintas categorías que diferentes autores han desarrollado para referir a propuestas poéticas colaborativas contemporáneas. Por último, a partir de las características identificadas, se pensó qué particularidades asume en los casos analizados la relación entre arte y política.</p><p>Se trabajó con un diseño metodológico cualitativo, recurriendo a documentos primarios, entrevistas, textos periodísticos, medios audiovisuales, entre otros. Se usó un marco teórico compuesto por aportes desde los estudios sociales del arte. </p>
MODELOS PLÁSTICOS O SIMULACROS DE CARNE: Procedimientos tecnológicos en la creación de esculturas en cera; PLASTIC MODELS OR SIMULACRUM OF THE FLESH: Technological processes in creating wax sculptures
Authors: Sánchez Ortiz Alicia 
Published: December 2016

<p><strong>RESUMEN</strong></p><p>De apariencia física inquietante y con un carácter instrumental, los modelos auxiliares en cera son herramientas cercanas a un espejo en las que el hombre se refleja. Este artículo examina cuáles fueron las razones que llevaron a los artistas del pasado a la elección de este peculiar material. Se ha realizado una primera investigación de carácter heurístico a fin de conocer la tradición de taller mediante su huella en la literatura técnica en la tratadística del arte para estudiar, a continuación, su grado de influencia en los gabinetes anatómicos. Con objeto de comprender la extraordinaria complejidad técnica que conllevaba la elaboración de un modelo artificial en cera se ha considerado adecuado presentar, en una segunda parte de este trabajo, el proceso manual acompañado de una descripción pormenorizada de cada una de las fases de creación. </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>Disturbingly physical appearance and instrumental character, auxiliary wax models are tools near a mirror in which man is reflected. This article examines the reasons which led to the artists of the past to make the choice of this particular material. There has been done a first heuristic research to know the tradition of the workshop by their mark on the literature and treatises on art, then to study their influence in the anatomical cabinets. To understand the extraordinary technical complexity involved the development of an artificial wax model was considered appropriate to present in a second part of this work the manual process accompanied by a detailed description of each of the stages of creation.</p>