bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra-high-field (9.4 T) MRI Analysis of Contrast Agent Transport Across the Blood–Perilymph Barrier and Intrastrial Fluid–Blood Barrier in the Mouse Inner Ear
Authors: Counter S. Allen , Nikkhou-Aski Sahar , Damberg Peter , Berglin Cecilia Engmér , Laurell Göran 
Published: May 2017

Hypothesis:
Effective paramagnetic contrast agent for the penetration of the perilymphatic spaces of the scala tympani, scala vestibuli, and scala media of the mouse inner ear can be determined using intravenous injection of various gadolinium (Gd) complexes and ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 9.4 Tesla.

Background:
A number of contrast agents have been explored in experimental high-field MRI to determine the most effective Gd complex for ideal signal-to-noise ratio and maximal visualization of the in vivo mammalian inner ear in analyzing the temporal and spatial parameters involved in drug penetration of the blood–perilymph barrier and intrastrial fluid–blood barrier in the mouse model using MRI.

Methods:
Gadoteric acid (Dotarem), Gadobutrol (Gadovist), Gadodiamide (Omniscan), Gadopent acid (Magnevist), and Mangafodipir (Teslascan) were administered intravenously using the tail vein of 60 Balb/C mice. High-resolution T1 images of drug penetration were acquired with a horizontal 9.4 T Agilent magnet after intravenously injection. Signal intensity was used as a metric of temporal and spatial parameters of drug delivery and penetration of the perilymphatic and endolymphatic spaces.

Results:
ANOVA analysis of the area under the curve of intensity enhancement in perilymph revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the scalae uptake using different contrast agents (F (3,25) = 3.54, p = 0.029). The Gadoteric acid complex Dotarem was found to be the most effective Gd compound in terms of rapid, morphological enhancement for analysis of the temporal, and spatial distribution in the perilymphatic space of the inner ear.

Conclusion:
Gadoteric acid (Dotarem) demonstrated efficacy as a contrast agent for enhanced visualization of the perilymphatic spaces of the inner ear labyrinthine in the mouse, including the scala tympani and scala vestibuli of the cochlea, and the semicircular canals of the vestibular apparatus. These findings may inform the clinical application of Gd compounds in patients with inner ear fluid disorders and vertigo.
Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy in Children
Authors: Nabi Zaheer , Ramchandani Mohan , Chavan Radhika , Tandan Manu , Kalapala Rakesh , Darisetty Santosh , Reddy Duvuur Nageshwar 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTObjectives:Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a novel treatment modality for achalasia cardia. The procedure is technically challenging and time consuming. Recently, a new triangle tip knife (TTJ) has been introduced, which is equipped with water jet facility. In the present study, we analyzed the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of POEM in children with new triangle tip knife.Methods:We retrospectively evaluated the data of children (18 years or younger) who underwent POEM using TTJ knife at our institution. All POEM procedures were performed under general anesthesia in an endoscopy suite. Technical feasibility, safety, efficacy, and procedure duration were assessed.Results:Ten children (4 boys, 6 girls) with mean age of 14.2 ± 2.74 (9–18) years, underwent POEM with TTJ knife. The subtypes of achalasia cardia were type I (4), type II (5), and type III (1). Two children had prior treatment with pneumatic balloon dilatation. POEM was performed via anterior route in majority of children (70%). Mean operating time was 47.6 ± 19.74 (30–98) minutes with no significant difference between anterior and posterior approaches to POEM (48.57 ± 24.01 vs 45.3 ± 3.51; P < 0.05). Four gas‐related adverse events were encountered including capnoperitoneum and retroperitoneal carbon dioxide in 2 children each. Clinical success was noticed in 9 children with significant reduction in Eckardt score at 1 month after POEM (6.7 ± 1.49 vs 0.3 ± 0.48; P = 0.0001).Conclusions:POEM can be efficiently performed with new triangle knife equipped with water jet technique. Integration of water jet reduces procedure duration and technical difficulty with POEM.
Occult Head Injury in Children Less Than 2 Years With Suspected Child Abuse in the Emergency Department
Authors: Shaikh Huma , Wrotniak Brian H. , Mazur Paula M. 
Published: May 2017

Objective
This study aims to determine the frequency of clinically significant findings requiring emergent neurosurgical intervention on computed tomography (CT) in neurologically intact children admitted to the hospital with suspected abuse.

Methods
This was a retrospective review of neurologically stable children (0–24 months) in whom both skeletal survey and CT head were performed for child abuse evaluation from 2000 to 2011.

Results
A total of 132 patients met inclusion criteria (mean age, 7.6 mo; 55% male, 52% Caucasian, and 34% African-American). Computed tomography scans demonstrated occult head injury in 5%; none required neurosurgical intervention or had any neurological deterioration. Average length of stay was 4 days, with average time to CT scan being 12.8 hours from triage, and average time to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of 70.5 hours. Five MRIs were performed, and 4 had identical results on CT scan.

Conclusions
No clinically significant brain injury (requiring intervention) was seen in this cohort. These findings support delaying imaging in neurologically intact children to obtain MRI after hospital admission, thus, limiting radiation exposure.
How Do Social Capital and HIV/AIDS Outcomes Geographically Cluster and Which Sociocontextual Mechanisms Predict Differences Across Clusters?
Authors: Ransome Yusuf , Dean Lorraine T. , Crawford Natalie D. , Metzger David S. , Blank Michael B. , Nunn Amy S. 
Published: May 2017

Background:
Place of residence has been associated with HIV transmission risks. Social capital, defined as features of social organization that improve efficiency of society by facilitating coordinated actions, often varies by neighborhood, and hypothesized to have protective effects on HIV care continuum outcomes. We examined whether the association between social capital and 2 HIV care continuum outcomes clustered geographically and whether sociocontextual mechanisms predict differences across clusters.

Methods:
Bivariate Local Moran's I evaluated geographical clustering in the association between social capital (participation in civic and social organizations, 2006, 2008, 2010) and [5-year (2007–2011) prevalence of late HIV diagnosis and linkage to HIV care] across Philadelphia, PA, census tracts (N = 378). Maps documented the clusters and multinomial regression assessed which sociocontextual mechanisms (eg, racial composition) predict differences across clusters.

Results:
We identified 4 significant clusters (high social capital–high HIV/AIDS, low social capital–low HIV/AIDS, low social capital–high HIV/AIDS, and high social capital–low HIV/AIDS). Moran's I between social capital and late HIV diagnosis was (I = 0.19, z = 9.54, P < 0.001) and linkage to HIV care (I = 0.06, z = 3.274, P = 0.002). In multivariable analysis, median household income predicted differences across clusters, particularly where social capital was lowest and HIV burden the highest, compared with clusters with high social capital and lowest HIV burden.

Discussion:
The association between social participation and HIV care continuum outcomes cluster geographically in Philadelphia, PA. HIV prevention interventions should account for this phenomenon. Reducing geographic disparities will require interventions tailored to each continuum step and that address socioeconomic factors such as neighborhood median income.
Nasal Soft Tissue Change Following Bimaxillary Orthognathic Surgery
Authors: Jeong Hye-In , Lee Ho-Sung , Jung Young-Soo , Park Hyung-Sik , Jung Hwi-Dong 
Published: May 2017

Objective:
The purpose of this study is to identify the correlation between maxillary movement and nasal soft tissue changes on three-dimensional reconstructed cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images after Le Fort I osteotomy.

Materials and Methods:
The authors also investigate the long-term change of alar base width (ABW) to determine the effect of cinch suture. The authors retrospectively studied 52 subjects (14 males and 38 females) who were treated by bimaxillary orthognathic surgery including Le Fort I osteotomy and mandibular ramus surgery. The landmarks and planes were established on three-dimensional reconstructed CBCT images. The authors measured each parameters preoperatively, 1 month postoperatively, and 1 year postoperatively.

Results:
There was no significant correlation between the horizontal movement of A-point and the widening of ABW (P < 0.038), nor was there a significant correlation between the vertical movement of A-point and the change of ABW (P < 0.61). There was no significant correlation between horizontal and vertical movement of anterior nasal spine and the widening of ABW, nor was there a significant correlation between the nasal tip length and the vector of maxillary movement.

Conclusion:
There was no significant correlation between the ABW widening and the vector of surgical maxillary movement. The effect and stability of the alar base cinch suture is difficult to determine and require further investigation.
Sepsis Upregulates CD14 Expression in a MyD88-Dependent and Trif-Independent Pathway
Authors: Chen Zhixia , Shao Zhenzhen , Mei Shuya , Yan Zhengzheng , Ding Xibing , Billiar Timothy , Li Quan 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
An overwhelming immune response, particularly from macrophages, plays a critical role in survival and organ damage in sepsis patients. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important receptors to recognize the conserved motifs expressed by invading bacteria. The TLRs except TLR3 signal via a MyD88-dependent pathway. TLR3 uses a TRIF-dependent pathway, while TLR4 uses both MyD88 and TRIF-dependent pathways. Previous studies indicated that CD14 was necessary for TLRs-dependent production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Blocking CD14 protected against the deleterious systemic inflammatory response associated with sepsis. The aim of this study was to determine the signaling pathway of TLR activation-induced CD14 expression in models of polymicrobial sepsis and in peritoneal macrophages. We found that CD14 expression was upregulated in the lung, liver, and kidney of septic mice induced by cecal ligation puncture. In cultured peritoneal macrophages, specific agonists for all TLRs, except for TLR3, increased CD14 expression. Lipopolysaccharide-induced upregulation of CD14 was abolished in peritoneal macrophages from MyD88 KO mice but increased in TRIF inhibitor, resveratrol pretreated wild-type macrophages. Moreover, MyD88 KO, but not TRIF KO mice, showed a decreased CD14 expression in the tissue of septic mice, which was associated with a strongly attenuated inflammatory response and increased survival rate. These data suggest that a MyD88-dependent and TRIF-independent pathway of TLR is activated in upregulating CD14 expression under septic conditions. This study deciphers a critical cross-talk between TLRs and CD14.
Different brain networks underlying intelligence in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Kiat Pua Emmanuel Peng , Malpas Charles B , Bowden Stephen C , Seal Marc L 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundThere has been sustained clinical and cognitive neuroscience research interest in how network correlates of brain-behaviour relationships might be altered in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and other neurodevelopmental disorders. As previous work has mostly focused on adults, the nature of whole-brain connectivity networks underlying intelligence in pediatric cohorts with abnormal neurodevelopment requires further investigation.MethodsWe used network-based statistics (NBS) to examine the association between resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) connectivity and fluid intelligence ability in male children (n=50) with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD;M=10.45,SD=1.58 years and in controls (M=10.38,SD=0.96 years) matched on fluid intelligence performance, age and sex. Repeat analyses were performed in independent sites for validation and replication.ResultsDespite being equivalent on fluid intelligence ability to strictly matched neurotypical controls, boys with ASD displayed a subnetwork of significantly increased associations between functional connectivity and fluid intelligence. Between-group differences remained significant at higher edge thresholding, and results were validated in independent-site replication analyses in an equivalent age and sex-matched cohort with ASD. Regions consistently implicated in atypical connectivity correlates of fluid intelligence in ASD were the angular gyrus, posterior middle temporal gyrus, occipital and temporo-occipital regions.ConclusionDevelopment of fluid intelligence neural correlates in young ASD males is aberrant, with an increased strength in intrinsic connectivity association during childhood. Alterations in whole-brain network correlates of fluid intelligence in ASD may be a compensatory mechanism that allows equal task performance to neurotypical peers.
Methods for estimation of model accuracy in CASP12
Authors: Elofsson Arne , Joo Keehyoung , Keasar Chen , Lee Jooyoung , Maghrabi Ali H. A. , Manavalan Balachandran , McGuffin Liam J. , Hurtado David Ménendez , Mirabello Claudio , Pilstål Robert , Sidi Tomer , Uziela Karolis , Wallner Björn 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMethods for reliably estimating the quality of 3D models of proteins are essential drivers for the wide adoption and serious acceptance of protein structure predictions by life scientists. In this paper, the most successful groups in CASP12 describe their latest methods for Estimates of Model Accuracy (EMA). We show that pure single model accuracy estimation methods has shown clear progress since CASP11; the three top methods (MESHI, ProQ3, SVMQA) all perform better than the top method of CASP11 (ProQ2). The pure single model accuracy estimation methods outperform quasi-single (ModFOLD6 variations) and consensus methods (Pcons, ModFOLDclust2, Pcomb-domain and Wallner) in model selection, but are still not as good as those methods in absolute model quality estimation and predictions of local quality. Finally, we show that when using contact based model quality measures (CAD, 1DDT) the single model quality methods perform relatively better.
Using citizen science monitoring data in species distribution models to inform isotopic assignment of migratory connectivity in wetland birds
Authors: Fournier Auriel M. V. , Drake Kiel L. , Tozer Douglas C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractStable isotopes have been used to estimate migratory connectivity in many species. Estimates are often greatly improved when coupled with species distribution models (SDMs), which temper estimates in relation to occurrence. SDMs can be constructed using from point locality data from a variety of sources including extensive monitoring data typically collected by citizen scientists. However, one potential issue with SDM is that these data oven have sampling bias. To avoid this potential bias, an approach using SDMs based on marsh bird monitoring program data collected by citizen scientists and other participants following protocols specifically designed to maximize detections of species of interest at locations representative of the species range. We then used the SDMs to refine isotopic assignments of breeding areas of autumn-migrating and wintering Sora(Porzana Carolina), Virginia Rails(Rallus limicola), and Yellow Rails(Coturnicops noveboracensis)based on feathers collected from individuals caught at various locations in the United States from Minnesota south to Louisiana and South Carolina. Sora were assigned to an area that included much of the western U.S. and prairie Canada, covering parts of the Pacific, Central, and Mississippi Flyways. Yellow Rails were assigned to a broad area along Hudson and James Bay in northern Manitoba and Ontario, as well as smaller parts of Quebec, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan, including parts of the Mississippi and Atlantic Flyways. Virginia Rails were from several discrete areas, including parts of Colorado, New Mexico, the central valley of California, and southern Saskatchewan and Manitoba in the Pacific and Central Flyways. Our study demonstrates extensive data from organized citizen science monitoring programs are especially useful for improving isotopic assignments of migratory connectivity in birds, which can ultimately lead to better informed management decisions and conservation actions.
Software for the integration of multi-omics experiments in Bioconductor
Authors: Ramos Marcel , Schiffer Lucas , Re Angela , Azhar Rimsha , Basunia Azfar , Cabrera Carmen Rodriguez , Chan Tiffany , Chapman Philip , Davis Sean , Gomez-Cabrero David , Culhane Aedin C. , Haibe-Kains Benjamin , Hansen Kasper D. , Kodali Hanish , Louis Marie Stephie , Mer Arvind Singh , Riester Markus , Morgan Martin , Carey Vincent , Waldron Levi 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTMulti-omics experiments are increasingly commonplace in biomedical research, and add layers of complexity to experimental design, data integration, and analysis. R and Bioconductor provide a generic framework for statistical analysis and visualization, as well as specialized data classes for a variety of high-throughput data types, but methods are lacking for integrative analysis of multi-omics experiments. The MultiAssayExperiment software package, implemented in R and leveraging Bioconductor software and design principles, provides for the coordinated representation of, storage of, and operation on multiple diverse genomics data. We provide all of the multiple ‘omics data for each cancer tissue in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) as ready-to-analyze MultiAssayExperiment objects, and demonstrate in these and other datasets how the software simplifies data representation, statistical analysis, and visualization. The MultiAssayExperiment Bioconductor package reduces major obstacles to efficient, scalable and reproducible statistical analysis of multi-omics data and enhances data science applications of multiple omics datasets.
Genome sequencing links persistent outbreak of legionellosis in Sydney to an emerging clone ofLegionella pneumophilaST211
Authors: Timms VJ , Rockett R , Bachmann NL , Martinez E , Wang Q , Chen SC-A , Jeoffreys N , Howard PJ , Smith A , Adamson S , Gilmour R , Sheppeard V , Sintchenko V 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe city of Sydney, Australia, experienced a persistent outbreak ofLegionella pneumophilaserogroup 1 (Lp1) pneumonia in 2016. To elucidate the source and bring the outbreak to a close we examined the genomes of clinical and environmental Lp1 isolates recovered over 7 weeks. A total of 48 isolates from patients and cooling towers were sequenced and compared using SNP-based, core-genome MLST and pangenome approaches. All three methods confirmed phylogenetic relatedness between isolates associated with outbreaks in the Central Business District (March and May) and Suburb 1. These isolates were designated “Main cluster” and consisted of isolates from two patients from the CBD March outbreak, one patient and one tower isolate from Suburb 1 and isolates from two cooling towers and three patients from the CDB May outbreak. All main cluster isolates were sequence type ST211 which has only ever been reported in Canada. Significantly, pangenome analysis identified mobile genetic elements containing a unique T4ASS that was specific to the main cluster and co-circulating clinical strains, suggesting a potential mechanism for increased fitness and persistence of the outbreak clone. Genome sequencing was key in deciphering the environmental sources of infection among the spatially and temporally coinciding cases of legionellosis in this highly populated urban setting. Further, the discovery of a unique T4ASS emphasises the potential contribution of genome recombination in the emergence of successful Lp1 clones.
Dual function for Tango1 in secretion of bulky cargo and in ER-Golgi morphology
Authors: Rios-Barrera LD , Sigurbjörnsdóttir S , Baer M , Leptin M 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTango1 helps the efficient delivery of large proteins to the cell surface. We show here that loss of Tango1, in addition to interfering with protein secretion, causes ER stress and defects in cell and ER/Golgi morphology. We find that the previously observed dependence of smaller cargos on Tango1 is a secondary effect, due to an indirect requirement: if large cargos like Dumpy, which we identify here as a new Tango1 cargo, are removed from the cell, non-bulky proteins re-enter the secretory pathway. Removal of the blocking cargo also attenuates the ER-stress response, and cell morphology is restored. Thus, failures in the secretion of non-bulky proteins, ER stress and defective cell morphology are secondary consequences of the retention of cargo. By contrast, the ERES defects in Tango1-depleted cells persist in the absence of bulky cargo, showing that they are due to a secretion-independent function of Tango1. Therefore, the maintenance of proper ERES architecture may be a primary function for Tango1.
Good enough leadership: realism without cynicism
Authors: Pava Moses 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
For more than 70 years, leaders of all types have consistently struggled to earn the respect and followership of others to earn the employee trust which is the key to innovation and competitive advantage and to create organizational systems and cultures that fit their strategic objectives. The purpose of this paper is to address what would be “good enough” leadership qualities.

Design/methodology/approach
Research methodology included research into several individuals that exceeded in leadership, and an examination of how they used the “good enough” leadership styles to be successful as leaders.

Findings
This paper suggests several ways to be an effective “good enough” leader. These ways translate your values into concrete directives, jettison dead metaphors, explore enlivening ones, subject your values to the test of dialogue, and hold onto your values less tightly.

Originality/value
Leadership and leadership qualities have been widely discussed in the literature. This paper approaches the situation differently. Rather than striving for perfection and being frustrated for not reaching it, this paper explores “good enough” leadership qualities that actually work well in the professional arena.
How brand interaction in pop-up shops influences consumers’ perceptions of luxury fashion retailers
Authors: Taube Julia , Warnaby Gary 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of brand interaction in pop-up shops on consumers’ perceptions of luxury fashion retailers.

Design/methodology/approach
Adopting an exploratory, inductive research design, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with female respondents, consistent with the profile of both typical pop-up and “new luxury” customers, who had recently visited a luxury fashion pop-up shop.

Findings
Factors influencing consumers’ perceptions of the luxury brands whose pop-up shops were visited are identified relating to three key characteristics of pop-up retailing identified from a review of relevant literature, termed the temporal dimension, the promotional emphasis, and the experiential emphasis.

Originality/value
This study explores the perceptions of pop-up shops qualitatively from a consumer’s perspective, providing new insights into the personal and complex motivations and attitudes of new luxury consumers.