bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a telemetric gastrointestinal pill for continuous monitoring of gastrointestinal temperature in horses at rest and during exercise
Authors: Verdegaal Elisabeth-Lidwien J. M. M. , Delesalle Catherine , Caraguel Charles G. B. , Folwell Louise E. , McWhorter Todd J. , Howarth Gordon S. , Franklin Samantha H. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate use of a telemetric gastrointestinal (GI) pill to continuously monitor GI temperature in horses at rest and during exercise and to compare time profiles of GI temperature and rectal temperature.
ANIMALS 8 Standardbred horses.
PROCEDURES Accuracy and precision of the GI pill and a rectal probe were determined in vitro by comparing temperature measurements with values obtained by a certified resistance temperature detector (RTD) in water baths at various temperatures (37°, 39°, and 41°C). Subsequently, both GI and rectal temperature were recorded in vivo in 8 horses over 3 consecutive days. The GI temperature was recorded continuously, and rectal temperature was recorded for 3.5 hours daily. Comparisons were made between GI temperature and rectal temperature for horses at rest, during exercise, and after exercise.
RESULTS Water bath evaluation revealed good agreement between the rectal probe and RTD. However, the GI pill systematically underestimated temperature by 0.14°C. In vivo, GI temperature data were captured with minimal difficulties. Most data loss occurred during the first 16 hours, after which the mean ± SD data loss was 8.6 ± 3.7%. The GI temperature was consistently and significantly higher than rectal temperature with an overall mean temperature difference across time of 0.27°C (range, 0.22° to 0.32°C). Mean measurement cessation point for the GI pill was 5.1 ± 1.0 days after administration.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study revealed that the telemetric GI pill was a reliable and practical method for real-time monitoring of GI temperature in horses.
Antigenicity of mesenchymal stem cells in an inflamed joint environment
Authors: Hill Jacqueline A. , Cassano Jennifer M. , Goodale Margaret B. , Fortier Lisa A. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether major histocompatability complex (MHC) class II expression in equine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) changes with exposure to a proinflammatory environment reflective of an inflamed joint.
SAMPLE Cryopreserved bone marrow-derived MSCs from 12 horses and cartilage and synovium samples from 1 horse euthanized for reasons other than lameness.
PROCEDURES In part 1 of a 3-part study, the suitability of a quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) assay for measurement of MHC class II expression in MSCs following stimulation with interferon (IFN)-γ was assessed. In part 2, synoviocyte-cartilage cocultures were or were not stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1β (10 ng/mL) to generate conditioned media that did and did not (control) mimic an inflamed joint environment. In part 3, a qRT-PCR assay was used to measure MSC MHC class II expression after 96 hours of incubation with 1 of 6 treatments (control-conditioned medium, IL-1β-conditioned medium, and MSC medium alone [untreated control] or with IL-1β [10 ng/mL], tumor necrosis factor-α [10 ng/mL], or IFN-γ [100 ng/mL]).
RESULTS The qRT-PCR assay accurately measured MHC class II expression. Compared with MHC class II expression for MSCs exposed to the untreated control medium, that for MSCs exposed to IL-1β was decreased, whereas that for MSCs exposed to IFN-γ was increased. Neither the control-conditioned nor tumor necrosis factor-α medium altered MHC class II expression.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that MSC exposure to proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β decreased MHC class II expression and antigenicity. Treatment of inflamed joints with allogeneic MSCs might not be contraindicated, but further investigation is warranted.
Situação vacinal de crianças assistidas na rede de atenção básica de São Luís: período de agosto de 2013 a julho de 2014
Authors: Marques Paulo Roberto da Silva , Xavier Ilis Maria Lucas 
Published: June 2017

Introdução: Vacinação é o conjunto de mecanismos através dos quais o organismo humano reconhece uma substância como estranha para, em seguida, metabolizá-la e produzir resposta imune. Vacinar é sinônimo de prevenção, sendo assim, imprescindível saber a situação vacinal de um local, para se tomar as medidas adequadas para melhorias na cobertura vacinal. Objetivo: Avaliar a situação vacinal infantil na rede de Atenção Básica em São Luís- Maranhão. Materiais e Métodos: Este trabalho trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal do Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho da Universidade Ceuma. As variáveis descritivas foram avaliadas através de gráficos, percentuais e tabelas de frequências. As variáveis em estudo foram avaliadas pelo teste do Qui-quadrado, sendo a escolaridade avaliada pelo Teste Exato de Fisher, e o resultado final pelo teste do t Student. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 126 Cadernetas de Vacinação, dos quais 65,87% (83) crianças estavam em atraso, enquanto apenas 34,12% (43) encontrava-se em dia (p= 0,040). Conclusão: A cobertura vacinal ainda não é efetiva em São Luís-Maranhão. Seja por dificuldade do sequenciamento de vacinas, seja por uma situação familiar conturbada, e vários outros motivos, mas o certo é que há uma necessidade imediata de se melhorar a cobertura vacinal dessas crianças. Palavras-chave:Crianças. Vacinação. Prevenção.
Đặc điểm hình ảnh và giá trị của cộng hưởng từ 1.5T trong phân loại giai đoạn ung thư cổ tử cung
Authors: Doãn Ngọc Văn , Bui Lenh Van , Bui Dieu 
Published: June 2017

Nghiên cứu mô tả tiến cứu 56 bệnh nhân (BN) ung thư cổ tử cung (UTCTC) được phẫu thuật có chụp CHT 1.5 Tesla trước mổ và có kết quả giải phẫu bệnh sau mổ tại bệnh viện K.
Kết quả: Tuổi thấp nhất 25, cao nhất 68, trung bình 45,3 ± 10,4. UTBM vảy 76,8%, UTBM tuyến 17,9%. 98,2% UTCTC tăng tín hiệu trên T2WI, 89,3% đồng tín hiệu trên T1WI, 83,9% giảm khuếch tán (tăng tín hiệu) trên DWI (b800), 75,0% ngấm thuốc đối quang từ kém cơ tử cung, 53,6% ngấm đồng nhất. Đánh giá kích thước khối u CHT 1.5T có Acc và PPV 94,6%. Đánh giá xâm lấn âm đạo: Sn 66,7%, Sp 94,6%, Acc 98,2%, PPV 100% và NPV 98,1%. Đánh giá xâm lấn dây chằng rộng: Sn, Sp, Acc, PPV và NPV 100%. Đánh giá xâm lấn thành bên chậu hông : Sp 100%, Acc và NPV 98,2%. Chẩn đoán hạch di căn: Sn 50%, Sp 97,8%, Acc 89,3%, PPV 89,3% và NPV 90,0%. Phân loại GĐ UTCTC CHT 1.5T có Acc và PPV 91,1%.
Kết luận: Hình ảnh UTCTC trên CHT 1.5T có thể quan sát rõ nét trên T2WI, DWI trước tiêm và T1FS sau tiêm thuốc đối quang từ. CHT 1.5T có giá trị cao trong phân loại GĐ. CHT nên được sử dụng thường quy trong chẩn đoán phân loại GĐ UTCTC.
Testing the Isotropy of the Log N–log S Slope for the NVSS Radio Catalog
Authors: Ghosh Shamik , Jain Pankaj 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The cumulative number count N of sources above a threshold is known to approximately follow a power-law behavior

N
∝

S

−
x

. We study the variation of spectral index x across the sky to look for possible signals of a violation of isotropy. We develop a rigorous algorithm of likelihood maximization to accurately fit for the spectral index. We divide the sky into upper and lower hemispheres for a particular choice of the z axis and determine the error normalized difference between the best fit values of the spectral indices between the two hemispheres. The maximum value of this difference obtained by varying over the z axis provides us with a measure of departure from isotropy. We find that the data support isotropy of the spectral index. We also perform a dipole fit to the spectral index as a function of the angular coordinates. The result is found to be consistent with isotropy.
Double-coronal X-Ray and Microwave Sources Associated with a Magnetic Breakout Solar Eruption
Authors: Chen Yao , Wu Zhao , Liu Wei , Schwartz Richard A. , Zhao Di , Wang Bing , Du Guohui 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Double-coronal hard X-ray (HXR) sources are believed to be critical observational evidence of bi-directional energy release through magnetic reconnection in large-scale current sheets in solar flares. Here, we present a study on double-coronal sources observed in both HXR and microwave regimes, revealing new characteristics distinct from earlier reports. This event is associated with a footpoint-occulted X1.3-class flare (2014 April 25, starting at 00:17 UT) and a coronal mass ejection that were likely triggered by the magnetic breakout process, with the lower source extending upward from the top of the partially occulted flare loops and the upper source co-incident with rapidly squeezing-in side lobes (at a speed of ∼250 km s−1 on both sides). The upper source can be identified at energies as high as 70–100 keV. The X-ray upper source is characterized by flux curves that differ from those of the lower source, a weak energy dependence of projected centroid altitude above 20 keV, a shorter duration, and an HXR photon spectrum slightly harder than those of the lower source. In addition, the microwave emission at 34 GHz also exhibits a similar double-source structure and the microwave spectra at both sources are in line with gyrosynchrotron emission given by non-thermal energetic electrons. These observations, especially the co-incidence of the very-fast squeezing-in motion of side lobes and the upper source, indicate that the upper source is associated with (and possibly caused by) this fast motion of arcades. This sheds new light on the origin of the corona double-source structure observed in both HXRs and microwaves.
Meteorological context of the onset and end of the rainy season in Central Amazonia during the GoAmazon2014/5
Authors: Marengo Jose A. , Fisch Gilberto F. , Alves Lincoln M. , Sousa Natanael V. , Fu Rong , Zhuang Yizhou 
Published: June 2017

Abstract. The onset and demise of the rainy season in Amazonia are assessed in this study using meteorological data from the GoAmazon experiment, with a focus on the 2014–2015 rainy season. In addition, global reanalyses are also used to identify changes in circulation leading to the establishment of the rainy season in the region. Our results show that the onset occurred in January 2015, 2–3 pentads later than normal, and the rainy season during the austral summer of 2015 contained several periods with consecutive dry days in both Manacapuru and Manaus, which are not common for the wet season, and resulted in below-normal precipitation. The onset of the rainy season has been strongly associated with changes in large-scale weather conditions in the region due to the effect of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO). Regional thermodynamic indices and the height of the boundary layer did not present a significant difference between the onset and demise of the wet season of 2015. This suggests that local changes, such as those in the regional thermodynamic characteristics, may not have influenced its onset. Thus, variability of the large-scale circulation was responsible for regional convection and rainfall changes in Amazonia during the austral summer of 2014–2015.
LABORATORY-SCALE REACTION INJECTION MOLDING OF POLY(CAPROLACTONE) ELASTOMERS FOR RAPID PROTOTYPING OF STIMULI-RESPONSIVE THERMOSETS
Authors: Meng Yuan , Huang Xin , Fitzgerald Cynthia , Lee Hojun , Yang Jeh-Chang , Anthamatten Mitchell 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Semicrystalline polymer networks offer valuable shape-memory and shape-shifting properties; however, material processing and scale-up remain major challenges. A laboratory-scale reaction injection molding (RIM) apparatus and methodology are described to mold and cure urethane linked poly(caprolactone) networks from commercially available polyols and polyisocyanate. The highly customized RIM system is capable of making small shot sizes (∼39 g) at precise stoichiometric ratios and forming elastomers with low run-to-run variation of mechanical properties. Experiments conducted with a dye in one feed stream enable evaluation of mixing efficacy, and component mixing is substantially improved by recirculating reagents at higher pressures. Networks prepared with excess isocyanate exhibited higher modulus, which is most likely due to the formation of allophanates.
Sarcoidosis and antiphospholipid syndrome: A rare association
Authors: Carvalho Rosa , Gomes Vânia , Pereira Raquel , Moutinho Adelaide , Knoch Anna , Rodrigues Céu , Capela Carlos 
Published: June 2017

Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disorder of unknown cause that is characterized by the granulomatous inflammation of various organs. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune condition defined by persistently positive antiphospholipid antibodies as well as recurrent arterial or venous thromboses and pregnancy complications. Several autoimmune diseases have been described in patients with sarcoidosis, however, a possible correlation between sarcoidosis and APS remains unknown. We present the fifth reported case in the literature.
A APELAÇÃO CIVIL NO DIREITO ROMANO DA ÉPOCA DOS SEVEROS COMO BASE DO PERFIL ATUAL DA APELAÇÃO CIVIL NOS ORDENAMENTOS JURÍDICOS ATUAIS
Authors: Roque Nathaly Campitelli 
Published: June 2017

<p class="Corpodotexto">O presente artigo tem como objetivo verificar se a feição vigente do instituto da apelação, em especial nos ordenamentos brasileiro e português, ainda conserva traços do antigo instituto da <em>apellatio </em>romana, decorrente da <em>cognitio extra ordinem </em>da época dos Severos (séculos II e III d.C.). </p>
Short Report: Evaluation of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Training for Psychologists Working with People with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Pakenham Kenneth I. , Scott Theresa , Uccelli Michele Messmer 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Background:
Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is the most widely used and researched recent variant of cognitive behavioral therapy and has been shown to increase quality of life in people with chronic illnesses, including multiple sclerosis (MS). However, few MS health practitioners are trained in ACT. This study evaluated a 2-day ACT training workshop for Italian psychologists working with people with MS.

Methods:
Data were collected via online questionnaires from 34 psychologists before the workshop, after the workshop, and at 6-month follow-up. Two sets of variables were measured at each assessment: primary outcomes (well-being, negative affect, positive affect, and job satisfaction) and ACT processes (values, mindfulness, psychological flexibility, and cognitive defusion). A separate online workshop evaluation questionnaire and an ACT knowledge examination were administered after the workshop.

Results:
Most participants (94%) acknowledged the potential beneficial effects of the workshop on their work. Almost all participants reported their intention to apply ACT clinically. More than 90% of participants indicated that the workshop was efficacious. All participants scored higher than 75% on the examination. Mindfulness increased from after the workshop to follow-up; however, there were no statistically significant changes in other variables. Correlations suggested beneficial associations between the ACT processes and the primary outcomes.

Conclusions:
Results suggest that ACT training is personally and professionally helpful for psychologists in the MS field.
On the shape of sea level anomaly signal on periphery of mesoscale ocean eddies
Authors: Amores A. , Monserrat S. , Melnichenko O. , Maximenko N. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractGood knowledge of mesoscale eddy properties and their spatial and temporal distribution in the world ocean is important for an accurate estimate of their role in heat, salt, and/or momentum transports. Composites of satellite sea level anomaly, used to evaluate internal eddy structure, commonly produce, at larger radii, a series of rings of alternating sign. We suggest that these secondary rings are not a part of the dynamical structure of the “central” eddy but are a rectified signature of the surrounding eddies. We show that statistical distribution of eddy polarities is not random but that an eddy of given polarity tends to be surrounded by eddies of opposite polarity. This observed spatial eddy polarity distribution, which is hypothesized to be a result of eddy self‐organization, is not only responsible for the secondary rings observed in the composite estimates but also causes a reduction of around 20% of the eddy composite amplitude and an increment of around 10% in the maximum rotational velocity, while it has negligible effect on the estimated eddy scale.
Landform features and seasonal precipitation predict shallow groundwater influence on temperature in headwater streams
Authors: Johnson Zachary C. , Snyder Craig D. , Hitt Nathaniel P. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHeadwater stream responses to climate change will depend in part on groundwater‐surface water exchanges. We used linear modeling techniques to partition likely effects of shallow groundwater seepage and air temperature on stream temperatures for 79 sites in nine focal watersheds using hourly air and water temperature measurements collected during summer months from 2012 to 2015 in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, USA. Shallow groundwater effects exhibited more variation within watersheds than between them, indicating the importance of reach‐scale assessments and the limited capacity to extrapolate upstream groundwater influences from downstream measurements. Boosted regression tree (BRT) models revealed intricate interactions among geomorphological landform features (stream slope, elevation, network length, contributing area, and channel confinement) and seasonal precipitation patterns (winter, spring, and summer months) that together were robust predictors of spatial and temporal variation in groundwater influence on stream temperatures. The final BRT model performed well for training data and cross‐validated samples (correlation = 0.984 and 0.760, respectively). Geomorphological and precipitation predictors of groundwater influence varied in their importance between watersheds, suggesting differences in spatial and temporal controls of recharge dynamics and the depth of the groundwater source. We demonstrate an application of the final BRT model to predict groundwater effects from landform and precipitation covariates at 1075 new sites distributed at 100 m increments within focal watersheds. Our study provides a framework to estimate effects of groundwater seepage on stream temperature in unsampled locations. We discuss applications for climate change research to account for groundwater‐surface water interactions when projecting future thermal thresholds for stream biota.
Brief Report: Association of Elevated Adipsin Levels With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Korman Benjamin D. , Marangoni Roberta Goncalves , Hinchcliff Monique , Shah Sanjiv J. , Carns Mary , Hoffmann Aileen , Ramsey‐Goldman Rosalind , Varga John 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveAdipose tissues secrete adipokines, peptides with potent effects modulating fibrosis, inflammation, and vascular homeostasis. Dysregulated adipose tissue biology and adipokine balance have recently been implicated in systemic sclerosis (SSc). This study was undertaken to determine whether altered circulating adipokine levels correlate with SSc disease subsets or clinical manifestations.MethodsMultiplex assays were used to measure circulating adipokine levels in 198 patients with SSc and 33 healthy controls. Data were evaluated for correlations between serum adipokine levels and demographic and clinical features, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). To assess the relevance of adipsin, an adipokine involved in complement pathway activation, in SSc, we analyzed publicly available genetic and transcriptomic data.ResultsLevels of adiponectin and adipsin differed significantly between controls and patients. Adipsin was significantly elevated in patients with limited cutaneous SSc (odds ratio [OR] 28.3 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 7.0–113.8]; P < 0.0001), and its levels were associated with serum autoantibody status, pulmonary function and cardiovascular parameters, and PAH (OR 3.3 [95% CI 1.3–8.7]; P = 0.02). Elevated adipsin was more strongly associated with PAH than B‐type natriuretic peptide was. Moreover, in SSc patients, adipsin gene single‐nucleotide polymorphisms were associated with PAH. Transcriptome data set analysis demonstrated elevated adipsin expression in patients with SSc‐related PAH.ConclusionWe identify adipsin as a novel adipose tissue–derived marker of SSc‐related PAH. Circulating adipsin levels might serve as predictive biomarkers in SSc. Mechanistically, adipsin might represent a pathogenic link between adipocyte dysfunction and complement pathway activation and play an important role in the pathogenesis of SSc‐related PAH.
Decomposition of terrestrial resource subsidies in headwater streams: Does consumer diversity matter?
Authors: Stoker David , Falkner Amber J. , Murray Kelly M. , Lang Ashley K. , Barnum Thomas R. , Hepinstall‐Cymerman Jeffrey , Conroy Michael J. , Cooper Robert J. , Pringle Catherine M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractResource subsidies and biodiversity are essential for maintaining community structure and ecosystem functioning, but the relative importance of consumer diversity and resource characteristics to decomposition remains unclear. Forested headwater streams are detritus‐based systems, dependent on leaf litter inputs from adjacent riparian ecosystems, and decomposition of these resources is an important ecosystem function. Here, we examined the effects of consumer community diversity on leaf decomposition in a reciprocal transplant experiment. We asked (1) whether stream consumer communities are adapted to local resources and (2) how functional trait diversity among communities affects the leaf decomposition process. We did not find evidence that communities were adapted to locally derived resource subsidies. Instead, we found that consumer biomass and functional trait diversity as well as resource characteristics were the primary biotic drivers of decomposition. Consumer biomass was stimulated by specific resource subsidies, leading to direct and indirect effects of resource subsidies on ecosystem functioning. Contrary to current theory, we show that decomposition was higher with decreased detritivore functional diversity, suggesting dominant traits encompassing a specific niche increased decomposition. We also show that top‐down, consumer diversity effects can be equal in magnitude to the bottom‐up effects of resource characteristics during the decomposition process. Our research illustrates the importance of considering multiple biotic and abiotic drivers interacting via multiple pathways to affect a crucial ecosystem function.
China's next renewable energy revolution: goals and mechanisms in the 13th Five Year Plan for energy
Authors: Gosens Jorrit , Kåberger Tomas , Wang Yufei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractOver the past few months, China has published its development plans for the 13th Five Year Plan [FYP] period [2016–2020] for energy, and separately for the electricity sector, renewable energy, hydro, wind, solar, and biomass energy. Here, we review these policies, as well as a number of key supporting policy documents that aim at increased renewable energy use in China. Presuming that China will not overshoot its growth targets for wind and PV, annual additions over the 13th FYP period will average 16 GW for wind and 13.5 GW for PV, well below the growth levels seen in recent years. The key to success in China's continued transition to renewable energy, however, does not lie in such capacity additions alone. At least as important will be the efforts at improving grid interconnectedness, flexibility of generating capacity and the grid, market mechanisms that will reduce and spread electricity demand, and better enable renewables to compete, and efforts at increasing the level of consumption of the renewable power generated.