bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pursuit of Truth in Doris Lessing’s Shikasta: Plato and Nagarjuna in Conversation
Authors: Shaerpooraslilankrodi Shaereh , Hashim Ruzy Suliza 
Published: September 2016

<p>In Doris Lessing’s novels, obtaining Truth to transcend the soul has been notably emphasized. Similarly, in <em>Shikasta, </em>the necessity<em> </em>to acquire genuine awareness has been focused as the mere way to self-transcendence. The detailed inspection of the novel explicates how human species live in amnesia, unable to remember their authentic reality and trapped in the disease of individuation. While the novel does not reject reason as the mean to “remember” the Truth, it mainly regards mindfulness and intuitive knowledge as a tool to achieve authenticity. The facets of amnesia and illusionary conception of the world make the novel a satisfactory text under both Plato’s and Nagarjuna’s interpretation of visionary world. However, its tilt towards non-dual patterns to attain Truth makes Nagarjuna’s approach a contribution to Plato’s rational manner in this regard. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to apply Plato and Nagarjuna’s pursuit of Truth to examine Lessing’s elucidation of authentic knowledge in <em>Shikasta</em>. The methodology appropriated in the paper entails depiction of visible world as an illusion of the Real pointed in Plato’s allegory of Cave and Nagarjuna’s Mundane Truth. We clarify emotion as the main motivator of such illusionary status stressed in both Plato and Nagarjuna’s thoughts. We argue that while the importance of reason and eradicating emotion cannot be ignored, what adjoins people to Truth is mindfulness and intuitive knowledge which is close to Nagarjuna’s non-dual patterns. By examining ordinary life as the illusion of Real, and emotion as the main obstacle to achieve the Truth emphasized in both Nagarjuna and Plato’s trends, we depart from other critics who undermine the eminence of essentialist trace in Lessing’s works and examine her approach towards Truth merely under postmodern lens. This departure is significant since we clarify while essentialism has been abandoned to a large extent and supporters of Plato have become scarce, amalgamation of his thoughts with spiritual trends opens a fresh way to earn authenticity in Lessing’s novel. </p>
Investigating the Leadership Style Effect on the Technology Transfer Effectiveness: A Proposed New Model (An Applied Study on the Dairy Manufacturing Sector in Egypt)
Authors: Farouk Soliman Amal 
Published: September 2016

<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Different leadership styles' effects on technology transfer effectiveness have not been implied in the literature. This study seeks to theoretically investigate the effect of five leadership styles; Classified according to personal authority of the leader; On technology transfer effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Design/methodology/approach:</strong> This study identifies five leadership styles which affect technology transfer effectiveness including transformational leadership, transactional leadership, visionary leadership, charismatic leadership and culture based leadership. This study associates these five leadership styles to technology transfer effectiveness. A conceptual model is tested using a survey data collected from a sample of manufacturing plants in the dairy manufacturing sector in Egypt.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The results indicate that only four leadership styles significantly affect technology transfer effectiveness. Visionary leadership style has the strongest significant effect on technology transfer effectiveness, followed by culture based leadership style, then charismatic leadership style then transactional leadership. Transformational leadership does not significantly affect technology transfer effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Research Limitation/Implications: </strong>Transformational leadership has been observed to have no significant effect on technology transfer effectiveness. A set of refined transformational leadership measures should be developed in future studies.</p><p><strong>Practical Implications:</strong> This paper identifies the importance of leadership styles in achieving the success of technology transfer.</p><p><strong>Originality/value: </strong>This study provides a theoretical foundation for the effect of the leadership styles on technology transfer effectiveness in the dairy manufacturing plants. This study is one of the first efforts that empirically examine the effect of leadership styles on technology transfer effectiveness.</p><p> </p>
Mafic Plinian eruptions: Is fast ascent required?
Authors: Szramek Lindsay Ann 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIt has been hypothesized that for a Plinian eruption of mafic magma to occur, that magma must ascend rapidly from the chamber to cause it to fragment into a jet containing juvenile and nonjuvenile tephra. To determine how fast mafic Plinian magmas need to travel to the level of fragmentation, a number of decompression experiments were carried out on two hydrous mafic magmas, and the results are compared to the products of two well‐documented mafic Plinian eruptions: the basaltic andesite Fontana eruption of Masaya (Nicaragua) and the hawaiite 122 B.C. eruption of Etna (Italy). Comparison of natural and experimental textures shows that the Fontana eruption can be replicated in the lab at decompression rates between 0.1 MPa s−1 and 0.2 MPa s−1. This decompression rate is faster than any previously determined experimentally rate for more silicic eruptions. The hawaiite was unable to be reproduced in the lab. The natural groundmass is highly crystalline, which would have raised the viscosity of the initial melt by 1–2 orders of magnitude, which may not be enough to cause fragmentation.
Identification and classification of very low frequency waves on a coral reef flat
Authors: Gawehn Matthijs , van Dongeren Ap , van Rooijen Arnold , Storlazzi Curt D. , Cheriton Olivia M. , Reniers Ad 
Published: September 2016

AbstractVery low frequency (VLF, 0.001–0.005 Hz) waves are important drivers of flooding of low‐lying coral reef‐islands. In particular, VLF wave resonance is known to drive large wave runup and subsequent overwash. Using a 5 month data set of water levels and waves collected along a cross‐reef transect on Roi‐Namur Island in the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the observed VLF motions were categorized into four different classes: (1) resonant, (2) (nonresonant) standing, (3) progressive‐growing, and (4) progressive‐dissipative waves. Each VLF class is set by the reef flat water depth and, in the case of resonance, the incident‐band offshore wave period. Using an improved method to identify VLF wave resonance, we find that VLF wave resonance caused prolonged (∼0.5–6.0 h), large‐amplitude water surface oscillations at the inner reef flat ranging in wave height from 0.14 to 0.83 m. It was induced by relatively long‐period, grouped, incident‐band waves, and occurred under both storm and nonstorm conditions. Moreover, observed resonant VLF waves had nonlinear, bore‐like wave shapes, which likely have a larger impact on the shoreline than regular, sinusoidal waveforms. As an alternative technique to the commonly used Fast Fourier Transformation, we propose the Hilbert‐Huang Transformation that is more computationally expensive but can capture the wave shape more accurately. This research demonstrates that understanding VLF waves on reef flats is important for evaluating coastal flooding hazards.
Remote sources for year‐to‐year changes in the seasonality of the Florida Current transport
Authors: Domingues Ricardo , Baringer Molly , Goni Gustavo 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe seasonal variability of the Florida Current (FC) transport is often characterized by the presence of an average annual cycle (8% of the variance) of ∼3 Sv range peaking in boreal summer. However, the seasonality displayed by the FC transport in any individual year may have very distinct characteristics. In this study, the analysis focuses on seasonal changes (73–525 day frequency band) in the FC transport that are associated with a variable annual phase, which is defined as the transient seasonal component (FCt, 27% of the variance). It is shown that the FCt is largely modulated by westward propagating sea height anomaly (SHA) signals that are formed in the eastern North Atlantic 4–7 years earlier than observed at 27°N in the Florida Straits. These westward propagating SHA signals behave approximately like first baroclinic Rossby waves that can modulate changes in the FC seasonal variability upon arrival at the western boundary. The main finding from this study is that changes in coastal sea‐level between 25°N and 42°N linked with westward propagating signals account for at least 50% of the FCt. The integrated changes in the coastal sea‐level between 25°N and 42°N, in turn, drive adjustments in the geostrophic transport of the FC at 27°N. Results reported here provide an explanation for previously reported year‐to‐year changes in the FC seasonality, and suggest that large sea‐level variations along the coast of Florida may be partially predictable, given that these Rossby‐wave‐like signals propagate approximately at fixed rates in the open ocean along 27°N.
Impact of Mixing Method on Rheological Instability for Binary Mixture of Linear Low‐Density Polyethylene
Authors: Seemork Jiraporn , Itoh Tomoki , Sako Takumi , Wiwattananukul Rujirek , Nobukawa Shogo , Sasaki Hiroko , Satoh Yasuo , Yamaguchi Masayuki 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe impact of different mixing methods on flow instability in capillary extrusion was examined using binary mixtures of linear low‐density polyethylene with different molecular weights. The polymers were blended using a single‐screw extruder, a twin‐screw extruder, and a twin‐screw mixer. The onset of flow instability changed depending on the mixing method used, even though their linear viscoelastic properties were almost identical. The mixtures that were subjected to mixing methods with weak mixing capability exhibit sharkskin failure even at low shear stress and low values of the maximum draw ratio without rupture in the molten state. The results suggested that mechanically weak points were present, which led to cohesive failure at the strand surface following abrupt stretching at the die exit (i.e., sharkskin failure). In contrast, the mixture that was subjected to thorough mixing exhibited smooth surface at high shear stress and a large maximum draw ratio.
Changes in the bacterial microbiome of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis after endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Jain Ravi , Hoggard Michael , Biswas Kristi , Zoing Melissa , Jiang Yannan , Douglas Richard 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundEndoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) improves symptoms for many chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients by enlarging the size of sinus ostia, improving mucociliary clearance, and facilitating access for topical therapies. However, the effect of surgery on the sinonasal microbiota remains poorly understood. This study examined changes in bacterial communities in CRS patients before and after surgery.MethodsSwab samples were taken from the middle meatus of 23 patients undergoing ESS. Follow‐up swabs were taken in clinic (mean 120 days postsurgery). Symptom scores and antibiotic use were recorded. Bacterial communities were characterized using 16s ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene‐targeted amplicon sequencing and bacterial abundance was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Coexisting asthma, aspirin sensitivity, antibiotic use, and presence of polyps were controlled for.ResultsUnpredictable shifts in bacterial community composition were seen postoperatively. ESS was associated with increased bacterial richness. Many taxa had changes in average relative abundance and prevalence. Staphylococcus was the only dominant taxa to increase significantly in relative abundance (p = 0.002). Changes in bacterial communities were driven more by intersubject variability (p = 0.007) than other study factors. Finegoldia, a minority taxon, was associated with a reduction in abundance following ESS, increases in patients with higher symptoms scores, and reductions in patients with reduced total bacterial burden.ConclusionThis study documented changes in bacterial composition and abundance in the middle meatus following ESS. The complexity of these changes reflects the variability between patients. Modern molecular techniques highlight the currently limited knowledge of the impact of therapies on the microbiology of CRS.
Elektrophile Aktivierung von Silicium‐Wasserstoff‐ Bindungen in katalytischen Hydrosilierungen
Authors: Lipke Mark C. , Liberman‐Martin Allegra L. , Tilley T. Don 
Published: September 2016

AbstractHydrosilierungsreaktionen repräsentieren eine wichtige Klasse von chemischen Umwandlungen, und somit besteht ein erhebliches Interesse, den Umfang dieser Reaktionen durch die Entwicklung neuer Katalysatoren zu erweitern. Ein Hauptanliegen, das aus diesen Untersuchungen erwächst, ist die Entwicklung von Katalysatoren mit elektrophilem Charakter, die mittels Si‐H‐Aktivierung die Elektrophilie auf Silicium übertragen. Dieser Mechanismustyp wurde für Katalysatoren vorgeschlagen, die sich von den Übergangsmetallen der 4. Gruppe bis hin zu Hauptgruppenelementverbindungen der 15. Gruppe erstrecken. Zudem sind andere elektrophile Siliciumspezies wie Silylenkomplexe und η3‐H2SiRR′‐Komplexe als Intermediate in Hydrosilierungsreaktionen identifiziert worden. In diesem Aufsatz werden unterschiedliche Typen von Katalysatoren verglichen, um die enorme Breite an Hydrosilierungsmechanismen aufzuzeigen, die über elektrophile Siliciumzentren verlaufen. Die Bedeutung dieser Katalysatoren für die Entwicklung neuer Hydrosilierungsreaktionen wird diskutiert.
Template‐based Synthesis of a Formate Metal–Organic Framework/Activated Carbon Fiber Composite for High‐performance Methane Adsorptive Separation
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Wei , Hu Jiang‐Liang , Sun Tian‐Jun , Guo Ya , Bennett Thomas D. , Ren Xin‐Yu , Wang Shu‐Dong 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSimultaneous improvement in adsorption selectivity and capacity for single adsorbents is challenging but counting for much in adsorptive separations. To this end, a formate metal–organic framework and activated carbon fiber composite was synthesized in our work by a simple two‐step process, involving homogeneous precipitation of a MOF precursor on an activated carbon fiber and subsequent template replication. The resultant core–shell composite, ACF@[Ni3(HCOO)6], exhibited optimized adsorption performance both in selectivity and capacity for the separation of CH4/N2 to most of state‐of‐the‐art adsorbents.
N‐Nitrosarcosine: An Economic Precursor for the Synthesis of New Energetic Materials
Authors: Klapötke Thomas M. , Krumm Burkhard , Scharf Regina 
Published: September 2016

AbstractNew energetic compounds have been synthesized starting from the readily available N‐(cyanomethyl)‐N‐methylamine. From this, N‐nitrosarcosine was prepared in few steps, which serves as a starting material for the synthesis of oxygen‐rich compounds. The compounds were thoroughly characterized including multinuclear NMR and vibrational spectroscopy and also molecular structures by single X‐ray diffraction were obtained. Their energetic properties were determined including the sensitivities towards impact and friction, their heat of formations were calculated and the detonation and combustion parameters were predicted using EXPLO5 V6.02.
Rhodium/Silver‐Cocatalyzed Transannulation of N‐Sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles with Vinyl Azides: Divergent Synthesis of Pyrroles and 2 H‐Pyrazines
Authors: Zhang Lin , Sun Ge , Bi Xihe 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe first cyclization reaction between vinyl azides and N‐sulfonyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles is reported. A Rh/Ag binary metal catalyst system proved to be necessary for the successful cyclization. By varying the structure of vinyl azides, such reaction allows the divergent synthesis of pyrroles and 2H‐pyrazines. The cyclization reactions feature a broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, high reaction efficiency, and good to high product yields.
IrIII‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Cascade Synthesis of Pentacyclic‐Fused Carbazoles from Indoles and Diazoes
Authors: Li Shuai‐Shuai , Xia Ying‐Qi , Hu Fang‐Zhi , Liu Chen‐Fei , Su Fu , Dong Lin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA highly efficient IrIII‐catalyzed cascade cyclization of indoles and diazoes giving access to unique pentacyclic‐fused carbazoles has been developed. This novel strategy expanded the application scope of coupling partners to take diazo compounds as a C2 source, and two new cycles, three new C−C and one new C−N bonds were formed in one‐pot.
Metabolic profile of 1,5‐diaminopentane producing Corynebacterium glutamicum under scale‐down conditions: Blueprint for robustness to bioreactor inhomogeneities
Authors: Limberg Michael H. , Schulte Julia , Aryani Tita , Mahr Regina , Baumgart Meike , Bott Michael , Wiechert Wolfgang , Oldiges Marco 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTPerformance losses during scale‐up are described since decades, but are still one of the major obstacles for industrial bioprocess development. Consequently, robustness to inhomogeneous cultivation environments is an important quality of industrial production organisms. Especially, Corynebacterium glutamicum was proven to have an outstanding resistance against rapid changes of oxygen and substrate availability as occurring in industrial scale bioreactors. This study focuses on the identification of metabolic key mechanisms for this robustness to get a deeper insight and provide future targets for process orientated strain development. A 1,5‐diaminopentane producing C. glutamicum strain was cultivated in a two compartment scale‐down device to create short‐term environmental changes simulating industrial scale cultivation conditions. Using multi omics based methods, it is shown, that central metabolism is flexibly rearranged under short‐term oxygen depletion and carbon source excess to overcome shortage in NAD+ recycling. In order to balance the redox state, key enzymes for the non‐oxygen dependent fermentative NAD+ regeneration were significantly up‐regulated while parts of non‐essential pathways were down‐regulated. The transfer of the cells back into the well aerated zones with low substrate concentration triggers an additional upregulation of genes for the re‐assimilation of previously formed side products, showing L‐lactate forming and utilizing reactions being active at the same time. Especially L‐lactate as reversible and flexible external buffer for carbon and redox equivalents puts C. glutamicum in a robust position to deal with inhomogeneity in large scale processes. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 560–575. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prey positions as consumers' behavioural patterns: Exploratory evidence from anfMRI study
Authors: Mesly Olivier 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe present article reviews some of the tenets of the Consolidated Model of Financial Predation (CMFP). The CMFP is used to explain how investors behave as either predators or prey in the financial markets, for example, during the 2008 predatory‐mortgages crisis. The article tests one of its key assumptions: that is, that people adopt different levels of prey positions. In the last four years, a number of articles have been published on the CMFP, which states that people adopt either a predator or a prey position (PPP), or else a mixture of both. The model has emerged as a result of a five‐year study and has found various applications, in particular, in the field of behavioural finance. According to this model, consumers of financial products tend to position themselves as either predators or prey. In the latter case, this causes them to judge the relationship in negative terms and to experience it as less rewarding, if not punishing altogether. This has two effects: first, perceived predation tends to gain in power and second, purchasing decisions may not be optimal. Results from an exploratory functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study aimed at generating prey positions in minimal stress conditions are presented; they show that there is a significant difference between at least two prey positions, labelled “known predator–prey position” (KPPP) and “unknown predator–prey position” (UPPP). This means that consumers of financial products could potentially face two levels of apprehension (perceived predation): a high one under uncertainty and a lower one when conditions are volatile. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Potential of Na–Air Batteries
Authors: Yin Wen‐Wen , Fu Zheng‐Wen 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSodium–air batteries (SABs) have attracted wide attention in the chemistry society owing to their high energy density, abundant precursor sources, inexpensive materials and reduced manufacture costs, and environmental benignity. This review summarizes the research and progress of the rechargeable SABs based on nonaqueous and aqueous electrolytes. The effects of gas atmosphere, environmental pressure, catalysts, and architectures of the electrodes on the distribution and morphology of discharge products in SABs are also included. The complex and rich sodium electrochemistry of air electrodes is presented, and many electrochemical reaction mechanisms based on the structure design of air electrodes with various catalysts and electrolytes are also summarized. They involve the reversible formation/decomposition reactions of NaO2, Na2O2, Na2CO3, NaHCO3, Na2C2O4, and NaOH. It is a great challenge to seek for highly efficient electrocatalysts, and more stable and less volatile electrolytes to improve the cyclability of nonaqueous SABs. Internal resistance of the cell could be efficiently improved by developing solid electrolytes with high ion conductivity and optimizing the structures of the cells for the high power density of aqueous SABs. How to effectively control the growth and decomposition of discharged products at three‐phase boundary reaction zones by the integration of highly stable electrolytes and optimization of air electrodes is the next challenge urgently needing to be addressed; only then can we realize practical high performance nonaqueous SABs for daily use.
A Thiosemicarbazone–Nickel(II) Complex as Efficient Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Straistari Tatiana , Fize Jennifer , Shova Sergiu , Réglier Marius , Artero Vincent , Orio Maylis 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe report herein the synthesis and characterization of a new mononuclear nickel complex based on a thiosemicarbazone ligand that exhibits an electrocatalytic behavior for H2 evolution in DMF using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) as the proton source. Catalysis is observed at quite small overpotential values and a maximum turnover frequency (TOFmax) of 3080 s−1 was extrapolated for 1 m proton concentration using the foot‐of‐the wave analysis of cyclic voltammetry data. Gas analysis during controlled potential electrolysis experiments confirmed the catalytic nature of the process and production of dihydrogen with 80 % faradaic yield. Quantum chemical calculations indicate that the catalytic mechanism involves first ligand‐based reduction and protonation steps followed by metal‐centered processes.