bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CHARACTERIZATION OF FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES FISH PROTEIN CONCENTRATE OF SKIPJACK ROE (Katsuwonus pelamis)
Authors: Rieuwpassa Frets Jonas , Santoso Joko , Santoso Joko , Trilaksani Wini , Trilaksani Wini 
Published: October 2017

<p>By product that rich in protein such as fish roes are potential as raw material for protein concentrate. This research aimed to utilize skipjack roes to produce protein concentrate and to characterize its functional properties. The method used to extract protein was defatting method using isopropyl alcohol and ethanol with extraction times of 1, 2, and 3 hours. The results showed that skipjack roes contained 19.81% of protein, 3.41% of fat, 71.32% of moisture, 2.04% of ash, and 1.53% of carbohydrate (by difference). Defatting method using isopropyl alcohol for 3 hours produced the best roe protein concentrate (RPC). The product meets to the quality requirements of fish protein concentrate type B, contained protein and fat of 71.79% and 2.78%, respectively. This product also had functional properties as follows: water absorption capacity (1.57 ml/g), oil absorption capacity (1.82 g/g), emulsion capacity (81.65%), bulk density (0.51 g/ml), foaming capacity (1.90 ml), foaming stability (0.22 ml) and protein digestibility (95.86%). Lysine and leucine became the major essential amino acid of RPC, with values were 70.76 and 64.91 mg/g protein, respectively. The composition of amino acids of RPC skipjack consisted of 8 essentials amino acids, 5 non-essentials amino acids and 2 semi-essentials amino acids.</p> <p>Keywords: extraction, fish roe skipjack, roe protein concentrate</p>
NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY FEED WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PROTEIN AND LIPID ON CORAL ROCK GROUPER (Epinephelus corallicola) JUVENILE
Authors: Marzuqi Muhammad , Anjusary Dewi Nasbha 
Published: October 2017

<p>The aims of this study was to determine the nutrient digestibility coefficient of diet with diertary levels of protein and lipid on coral rock grouper (Epinephelus corallicola) juvenile. This study used completely randomized design with factorial arranged in 3 different treatment of dietary protein levels i.e., 36%, 42%, and 48%;and 2 different treatment of dietary lipid levels i.e., 9% and 18%; with 3 repetition. The average initial body weight of fishes for this study was 29.19 ± 0.97 g/fish. Fishes were reared in 18 pieces of polycarbonate tank with water volume of 30 liters with stocked density of 7 fishes/tank. The tank equipped with aeration with water flow change of 20 liters/hour. Fish were fed 2 times per day on at satiation and fish rearing for 150 days. Parameters measured were protein, lipid, carbohydrate and energy of digestibility coefficient . The results showed that the interaction of protein and lipid levels that differ in feed ratio significantly affected on protein, lipid, carbohydrate, and energy digestibility coefficients. In general, feed with a protein content of 36% and 9% lipid produced good nutrient digestibility coefficient and better economic value.</p> <p>Keywords: protein, lipid, feed nutrient digestibility, coral rock grouper</p>
VARIABILITY AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL SCATTERING COEFFICIENTS OF SURFACE WATER IN VARIOUS SEASONS
Authors: Untung Murjat Hi , Nababan Bisman , Siregar Vincentus P. 
Published: October 2017

<p>Variability and spatial distribution data of the total scattering coefficients ares useful in the development of bio-optical algorithms of ocean color satellite. The purpose of this study was to determine the variability and spatial distribution of the total scattering coefficient at 9 wavelengths (λ) in different seasons. Field data collection were conducted in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico (NEGOM) of the spring , summer, and fall in 1999-2000 by using the ac-9 in-situ Spectrophotometer and restricted to coastal waters of 10 m isobath and offshore of 1000 m isobath. The data were filtered using the moving average method and tested with the Kruskal-Wallis. The results showed that the average value of the total scattering coefficients were significantly different among spring, summer, and fall. In general, the total scattering coefficients were relatively high, especially in the coastal waters near the mouth of the river each season and relatively low in offshore waters except during the summer that the total scattering coefficients were also relatively high in offshore watersdue to the intrusion of the Mississippi river flow toward offshore containing high nutrients that can promote the growth of phytoplankton in the offshore, suspended material and lower salinity jointly to increase the total scattering coefficients.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Keyword</strong><strong>s</strong>: variability, spatial distribution, total scattering coefficient, bio-optic, NEGOM.</p>
SHALLOW WATER HABITAT MAPPING AND REEF FISH STOCK ESTIMATION USING HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE DATA
Authors: Siregar Vincentius P. , Wouthuyzen Sam , Sunuddin Andriani , Anggoro Ari , Mustika Ade Ayu 
Published: October 2017

<p>Shallow marine waters comprise diverse benthic types forming habitats for reef fish community, which important for the livelihood of coastal and small island inhabitants. Satellite imagery provide synoptic map of benthic habitat and further utilized to estimate reef fish stock. The objective of this research was to estimate reef fish stock in complex coral reef of Pulau Pari, by utilizing high resolution satellite imagery of the WorldView-2 in combination with field data such as visual census of reef fish. Field survey was conducted between May-August 2013 with 160 sampling points representing four sites (north, south, west, and east). The image was analy-zed and grouped into five classes of benthic habitats i.e., live coral (LC), dead coral (DC), sand (Sa), seagrass (Sg), and mix (Mx) (combination seagrass+coral and seagrass+sand). The overall accuracy of benthic habitat map was 78%. Field survey revealed that the highest live coral cover (58%) was found at the north site with fish density 3.69 and 1.50 ind/m<sup>2</sup>at 3 and 10 m depth, respectively. Meanwhile, the lowest live coral cover (18%) was found at the south site with fish density 2.79 and 2.18 ind/m<sup>2</sup> at 3 and 10 m depth, respectively. Interpolation on fish density data in each habitat class resulted in standing stock reef fish estimation: LC (5,340,698 ind), DC (56,254,356 ind), Sa (13,370,154 ind), Sg (1,776,195 ind) and Mx (14,557,680 ind).</p> <p>Keywords: mapping, satellite imagery, benthic habitat, reef fish, stock estimation</p>
GROWTH OF PERFORMANCE SILVER POMPANO FISH FRY, Trachinotus blocii (LACEPEDE) CULTURED IN THE NET CAGE AT THE POND
Authors: Setiadharma Tony , Wibawa Gigih Setia , Setiadi Irwan 
Published: October 2017

<p>Silver pompano fish is a prospective commodity that can be cultured and contains high economic value. Due to its high economic value nationally and internationally, it is important to develop nursery business. The silver pompano fish nursery conducted in a pond become efficient because it can be easily controlled. The purpose of the study was to know the technology and growth of silver pompano fish fry in cages at a pond. Research activities were carried out in the hafa size (3x3x1m<sup>3</sup>) in ponds. The seeds were taken from hatchery with size of 5.0-6.0 cm. Stocking density of seeds were 50 pc/ m³. The nursery were reared for 90 days till the fry reached their size in between 15.0 and 18.0 cm. The commercial pellets with protein content of 28-30% with dose of 5-8% of body weight were provided in the morning and afternoon at satiation. Sampling of fry was conducted every 30 days, to measure the survival rate (SR), total length (TL) and body weight (BW). Data were processed with descriptive analysis. The results showed that the survival rate was 90.20 ± 2.60 %, total length was 16.80± 2.70 cm, and body weight was 145.20 ± 2.70 g. The diversity of fry has four size categories i.e., large (L), medium (M), small (S), and super small (SS) with percentage average of 17.50%, 52.70%, 20.70% and 9.10%, respectively.</p> <p>Keywords: net cage, pond, silver pompano fish, growth, survival</p>
THE APPLICATIONS GROUPER SEED PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY TO SUPPORT MARICULTURE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Ismi Suko 
Published: October 2017

<p>Application technology for grouper seed production was conducted by dissemination activities, aimed for dissemination technology in several places having aquaculture prospects in order to facilitate seed supply. The research was conducted in 2012 collaborated with the Department of Fisheries and Maritime Affairs Lamongan Regency and Fisheries Academy of Sidoarjo. Application technology for grouper seed production was conducted in Tunggu village, Paciran district, Lamongan, East Java. Grouper seeds which maintained were tiger, cantik, and cantang. Seed productions were performed from egg to juvenile with size of ±3.0 cm,in which the eggs were transported from hatchery in Bali and larval rearing was conducted based on the produced technology. The results showed that survival rate of tiger grouper was 8.3%, cantang grouper was 11,6%, and cantik grouper was 12.4%. The results showed that R/C ratio was &gt;1, in which the business was profitable. The technology can be applied to the community and grouper seed production can support aquaculture activities.</p> <p>Keywords: Grouper seed, production, technology, R/C ratio, aquaculture</p>
THE CONTENT OF FATTY ACIDS IN INDONESIA’S FISH OIL
Authors: Maulana Indra T , Sukraso Sukraso , Damayanti Sophi 
Published: October 2017

<p>Study of fatty acid content was conducted in six Indonesian fish oils taken from Surabaya, Sorong, Garut, Banyuwangi, and fish oil standard. The acid and peroxide values were a main parameters which affecting the quality of the fish oil. These parameters were set using the method stated on the SNI No. 01-3555-1998. The oil containing omega-3 such as EPA and DHA is beneficial for health. The study of fatty acid content in six fish oils were analyzed by GCMS Shimadzu QP 2010 ULTRA with FID Detector. RTX-5 were used as a column (diphenyl dimethyl polysiloxane as a solid buffer, size length 30 m, diameter 0,25 mm, and He as a gas mobile phase). The results showed that acid values for oil 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 were 0.55%, 0.50%, 0.48%, 0.55%, 0.48%, and 0.58%, respectively. While the peroxide values were 5.67, 4.72, 4.45,5.01, 4.85, and 5.27 meq/kg, respectively. GCMS analysis showed that fish oil 1, 2, 3, and 4 very dominant containing squalene of 29.45%, 32.34%, 21.07%, and 43.49%, respectively. While oil 6 contained EPA of 8.97% and DHA 6.56%, and that was the highest compared with other oils. However, oil 6 also contained a trans fatty acids i.e., elaidic acid of 26.8% and trans-13-docosanoic acid of 0.9%. For comparison, natural oil 5 was rich of linoleic acid (39.58%). The GCMS's analysis results proved that the oil 6 made from lemuru had a big potency to be developed for an Indonesian fish oil export comodity.</p> <p>Keywords: fish oil, EPA, DHA, squalena, GCMS, acid value, peroxide value</p>
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SELECTED FORMULA Spirulina platensis TROCHES BASED ON PYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Fahleny Ria , Trilaksani Wini , Setyaningsih Iriani 
Published: October 2017

<p><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong><strong><em></em></strong></p> <p><em>Spirulina</em><em> contain</em><em>s</em><em> </em><em>complete nutrition</em><em> and bioactive components as a source of antioxidants. The aims of this research were to determine </em><em>a</em><em> formula</em><em> of </em><em>troche from </em><em>Spirulina </em><em>platensis </em><em>according to</em><em> the physical characteristic</em><em> </em><em>standard of</em><em> the Indonesian Health Ministry, and </em><em>to determine </em><em>the</em><em> antioxidant activity of the </em><em>selected troche from</em><em> </em><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Spirulina</span></em><em> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">platensis</span></em><em>. This research was conducted in three stages. The first stage was troche</em><em>s</em><em> formulation</em><em>. The second stage was troche</em><em>s</em><em> physical analys</em><em>e</em><em>s, including weight uniformity</em><em>, friability, hardnes</em><em>,</em><em> </em><em>and</em><em> disintegration time. The third stage was to determine the antioxidant activity of the selected formula of troche</em><em> from </em><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Spirulina</span></em><em> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">platensis</span></em><em>. There were five formulas of troches i</em><em>.e.,</em><em> FTS 1, FTS 2, FTS 3, FTS 4, and FTS 5. The troche consist</em><em>e</em><em>d of</em><em> Spirulina platensis powder, carrageenan, gelatin, corn flour, sugarleaf</em><em>,</em><em> </em><em>and</em><em> mint powder. Based on the weight uniformity of the troche, all formulas met the standard. However, according to friability aspect</em><em>,</em><em> the best formula was FTS 1 with rate of 1.7%. The hardness of five formula ranged from 0.65 to 2.3 Kp, and none met the standard. The best formula based on disintegration time measurement was FTS 1</em><em> </em><em>(24:47 minutes). Based on the physical characteristics of the troches, the selected formula was FTS 1. The antioxidant activity (IC<sub>50</sub> of the selected formula (FTS 1) was 288,68 ppm.<strong></strong></em></p> <p> </p> <strong>Keywords</strong>: <em>antioxidant, troches, physical</em><em> characteristics of troches, Spirulina platensis</em>
DISSOLVED SILICATE IN COASTAL WATER OF SOUTH SULAWESI
Authors: Lukman Muhammad , Nasir Andriani , Amri Khairul , Tambaru Rahmadi , Hatta Muhammad , Nurfadilah Nurfadilah , Noer Rahmat Januar 
Published: October 2017

<p><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p> <p><em>Dissolved silicate (DSi) in coastal waters plays a crucial role in phytoplankton</em><em> </em><em>growth particularly diatom</em><em>.</em><em> This study aimed to </em><em>determine</em><em> DSi</em><em> </em><em> concentration </em><em>seasonally </em><em>in waters of the western coast of South Sulawesi in relation to coastal water quality</em><em> indicator. Water, c</em><em>hlorophyll-a</em><em>,</em><em> and diatom samples were collected </em><em>from</em><em> the coastal areas of the Tallo-Makassar, Maros, and Pangkep, in April 2013 (transitional season), June 2013 (dry season), and February 2014 (wet season). Factorial analysis of variance was used to identify significant seasonal and temporal variations, and linear regression was used to test the relationship of chlorophyll-a and diatom abundance to DSi concentrations. The results showed that the DSi concentration was higher in the wet season </em><em>of</em><em> 35.2</em><em>-</em><em>85.2 µM than in the other seasons (transitional season: 10.8</em><em>-</em><em>68.4 µM, dry season: 9.59</em><em>-</em><em>24.1 µM). The abundance of diatoms during the transitional season reached ~9.7x10<sup>7</sup> cell/m<sup>3</sup> in the Pangkep river, 2.3x10<sup>7</sup> cell/m<sup>3</sup> in the Tallo river, and 1.3 x 10<sup>7</sup> cell/m<sup>3</sup> in the Maros river. <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Chaetoceros,</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Nitzschia</span>, and <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Rhizosolenia </span>dominated the diatom composition. The mean concentration of chlorophyll-a in the Makassar coastal waters was 4.52±4.66 mg/m<sup>3</sup></em><em>, </em><em>while in the Maros </em><em>and Pangkep </em><em>waters </em><em>of</em><em> 1.40±1.06</em><em>, and </em><em>2.72±1.94 mg/m<sup>3</sup>,</em><em> respectively.</em><em> There was no strong linear corelation between DSi and diatom abundances, nor chlorophyll-a. These results suggest</em><em>ed</em><em> that DSi become a non-limiting factor for the </em><em>diatom </em><em>growth </em><em>and potentially reduce the water quality via</em><em> eutrophication and diatom blooms. </em></p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>dissolved silicate, diatom, chlorophyll-a, coastal waters, South Sulawesi</em>
MANGROVE COVERAGE CHANGE DETECTION USING LANDSAT IMAGERIES BASED ON HYBRID CLASSIFICATION IN KEMBUNG RIVER, BENGKALIS ISLAND, RIAU PROVINCE
Authors: Jhonnerie Romie , Siregar Vincentius P , Nababan Bisman , Prasetyo Lilik Budi , Wouthuyzen Sam 
Published: October 2017

<p><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p> <p><em>The l</em><em>imited </em><em>scientific</em><em> information and lack of attention </em><em>from stakeholders on</em><em> </em><em>the status of</em><em> mangroves in </em><em>Kembung R</em><em>iver</em><em> </em><em>functioned as a basis of </em><em>this study.</em> <em>Four series of Landsat data recorded in 1996, 2002, 2010</em><em>,</em><em> and 2013 were used to map mangrove land cover and changes detection. Hybrid classification technique</em><em>,</em><em> </em><em>a </em><em>combin</em><em>ation of</em><em> </em><em>the</em><em> object-based </em><em>and</em><em> random forest classification</em><em>s,</em><em> w</em><em>ere</em><em> applied </em><em>in this study</em><em>. The </em><em>result showed that based on hybrid </em><em>classification</em><em>, mangrove coverage was detected </em><em>with</em><em>in</em><em> 82.6-88.4% overall accuracy.</em><em> </em><em>Change detection analys</em><em>e</em><em>s showed that the mangrove area of Kembung River was relatively stable. For nearly two decades, we found mangrove loss </em><em>about </em><em>197.2 h</em><em>a</em><em>, gain </em><em>of </em><em>251.1 ha</em><em>,</em><em> and unchanged </em><em>of</em><em> 2904.9 ha. Changes in mangrove </em><em>were </em><em>generally caused by anthropogenic factors such as mangrove replanting, logging, changes over the function of mangroves into the road, embankment, settlement</em><em>,</em><em> </em><em>shrimp farms</em><em>,</em><em> and natural growth. Serious attention from various parties are needed to maintain the existence and sustainabl</em><em>i</em><em>lity of mangrove ecosystems in Kembung River. </em></p> <p> </p> <strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Mangrove, Sungai Kembung, monitoring, Landsat, hybrid classification</em>
GRAIN-SIZE STATISTICAL PARAMETERS OF SANDY SEDIMENT IN KUALA GIGIENG, ACEH BESAR DISTRICT
Authors: Purnawan Syahrul , Haridhi Haekal A. , Setiawan Ichsan , Marwantim . 
Published: October 2017

<p><em>Study of sediment distribution at Kuala Gig</em><em>i</em><em>eng was to assess the information of sediment related to the occurrence of</em><em> </em><em>hydro-oceanographic processes. The sediment samples were collected from nine stations using coring method. Granulometri</em><em>c</em><em> method was used to analyze the grain size distributions. The results showed different sediment distribution patterns in each area at estuary Kuala Gig</em><em>i</em><em>eng. The outer area of estuary indicated skewed to coarse grains, while at the inner area of estuary indicat</em><em>e</em><em>d skewed to fine grains. Different sediment load transport process was suggested as the cause of differentiate</em><em>d</em><em> sediment characters.</em><em> </em></p> <p> </p> <strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>granulometry, grain size, sediment statistic, Kuala Gigieng</em>
CHARACTERISTIC OF FISH GLUE FROM THREE DIFFERENT MARINE FISHES
Authors: Sulistyanto Edo Prabawandwika , Darmanto Yudhomenggolo Sastro , Amalia Ulfah 
Published: October 2017

<p><em>Fish bone waste is a byproduct of fish processing units, which can be utilized</em><em> to produce</em><em> fish glue.</em><em> Fish glue is an adhesive substance that made </em><em>from</em><em> collagen extract of fish skin and bones</em><em>. The purpose of this research was to determine the quality of the fish glue with different raw materials of marine fishes bones</em><em> such as</em><em> </em><em>Spanish Mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson), Eastern little Tuna (Euthynnus affinis), and Cobia (Rachycentron canadum). The research method was the extraction of fish bones using 5% CH<sub>3</sub>COOH solution with a ratio of fish bone and solution </em><em>of</em><em> 1:1</em><em>. Later,</em><em> the filtrate was evaporated using a rotary vacuum evaporator to obtain fish glue. Parameters measured were bonding strength, damage to wooden surfaces, viscosity, pH</em><em>,</em><em> and moisture content. The results showed that the use of raw materials of different fish bones affect the value of the bonding strength, damage to wooden surfaces, viscosity, pH, and moisture content. Fish glue made of Eastern little Tuna bones as raw material </em><em>wa</em><em>s the best product resulted from this research, with the </em><em>fish glue </em><em>characteristics </em><em>for</em><em> bonding strength of 7.7 </em><em>N/mm</em><em><sup>2</sup></em><em>,</em><em> wood surface damage of 83.21%</em><em>,</em><em> viscosity of 4.17 poise</em><em>,</em><em> pH 4.74</em><em>,</em><em> and moisture content of 55.60%</em><em>. The</em><em> product </em><em>was also</em><em> comply with SNI 06-6049-1999 of </em><em>p</em><em>olyvinyl </em><em>a</em><em>cetate </em><em>e</em><em>mulsion </em><em>a</em><em>dhesives for </em><em>w</em><em>ood </em><em>w</em><em>orking. </em><em>The research results indicated that f</em><em>ish bones as raw material are</em><em> potential to be developed in the manufacture of fish glue.</em></p> <p> </p> <strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>fish glue, bones, spanish mackerel, eastern little tuna, cobia</em>
ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THE FISHING BOAT FOR GIANT THREADFISH (Eletheronema tetradactylum)
Authors: Ahmad Muchtar , Nofrizal . 
Published: October 2017

<p><em>This paper </em><em>discussed</em><em> the productivity and economic efficiency of </em><em>the</em><em> fishing boat</em><em> for giant threadfish (<span style="text-decoration: underline;">Eletheronema</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">tetradactylum</span>)</em><em>, which operated in the Mala</em><em>cc</em><em>a Straits. </em><em>Eleven </em><em> fishing boat</em><em>s</em><em> with differen</em><em>t</em><em> weight</em><em>s</em><em> (GT) were observed </em><em>for </em><em>their input </em><em>as</em><em> total cost</em><em> and</em><em> output </em><em>as</em><em> total benefit in order to calculate respective</em><em> fishing boat </em><em>productivity and efficiency</em><em>. It was found that fishing boat activities on giant threadfish using various boat sizes were efficient with BCR&gt;1 and profitable. However, the average economic efficiency of all boats was 1.65 with the highest efficiency of 1.74 for the 2 GT fishing boat. The</em><em> </em><em>average </em><em>productivity</em><em> of the fishing boat was </em><em>Rp 4</em><em>.</em><em>5 </em><em>million</em><em> </em><em>or</em><em> Rp 1</em><em>.</em><em>5 </em><em>million</em><em>/GT </em><em>with its capital payback period of </em><em>29 </em><em>months</em><em>.</em><em>The highest productivity was found on the 2 GT fishing boat of </em><em>Rp 5.5 </em><em>million</em><em> </em><em>or</em><em> Rp 2.8 </em><em>million/</em><em>GT</em><em> with its capital payback period of </em><em>27 </em><em>months</em><em>. </em><em>However, The 4 GT fishing boat was r</em><em>e</em><em>com</em><em>m</em><em>ended to be developed for artisanal fishery of giant threadfish because its economic efficiency was relatively h</em><em>i</em><em>gh of </em><em>1</em><em>.</em><em>71 </em><em>and its</em><em> produktivit</em><em>y</em><em> </em><em>was</em><em> Rp 5.1 </em><em>million</em><em> </em><em>or</em><em> Rp 1.3 </em><em>million/</em><em>GT </em><em>with capital payback period of </em><em>29 </em><em>months. </em><em> </em></p> <p> </p> <strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>economic<strong> </strong>efficiency, fishing boat, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Eletheronema</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">tetradactylum</span>, payback period</em>