bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mo‐Induced Surface Reconstruction in Ni/Co‐OOH Prickly Flower Clusters for Improving the Hydrogen Production in Alkaline Seawater Splitting
Authors: Zhang Wen , Gao Jianyang , Gong Qinzhen , Liu Fusheng , Zhang Yang , Xu Guang‐Rui , Wu Zexing , Wang Lei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSeawater electrolysis is the most promising technology for hydrogen production, in which surface reconstruction on the interface of electrode/electrolyte plays a crucial role in activating the catalytic reactions with a low activation energy barrier. Herein, an efficient Mo modifying NiCoMo prickly flower clusters electrocatalyst supported on nickel foam (Mo‐doped Ni/Co‐OOH prickly flower clusters) is obtained, which serves as an eminently active and durable catalyst for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to the surface reconstruction during the alkaline seawater electrolysis with ultralow overpotentials. It just requires a cell voltage of 1.52 V to achieve the current density of 10 mA cm−2 for water electrolysis along with robust durability over 30 h. Mo doping effectively regulates the surface reconstruction of Ni/Co‐OOH, which facilitates the adsorption of oxygen‐containing intermediates on the active center, and the nonhomogeneous interface induces charge rearrangement for the catalytic process to improve efficiency, providing a new strategy for revealing the seawater electrolytic mechanism.
A Noncationic Biocatalytic Nanobiohybrid Platform for Cytosolic Protein Delivery Through Controlled Perturbation of Intracellular Redox Homeostasis
Authors: Lu Wanyue , Wang Weidong , Gong Yimin , Li Jianing , Zhou Yaming , Yang Yannan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntracellular delivery of proteins has largely been relying on cationic nanoparticles to induce efficient endosome escape, which, however, poses serious concerns on the inflammatory and cytotoxic effects. Herein, a versatile noncationic nano biohybrid platform is introduced for efficient cytosolic protein delivery by utilizing a nano‐confined biocatalytic reaction. This platform is constructed by co‐immobilizing glucose oxidase (GOx) and the target protein into nanoscale hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs). The biocatalytic reaction of nano‐confined GOx is leveraged to induce controlled perturbation of intracellular redox homeostasis by sustained hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and diminishing the flux of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). This in turn induces the endosome escape of nanobiohybrids. Concomitantly, GOx‐mediated hypoxia leads to overexpression of azo reductase that initiated the materials' self‐destruction for releasing target proteins. These biological effects collectively induce highly efficient cytosolic protein delivery. The versatility of this delivery platform is further demonstrated for various types of proteins, different protein loading approaches (in situ immobilization or post‐adsorption), and in multiple cell lines. Finally, the protein delivery efficiency and biosafety are demonstrated in a tumor‐bearing mouse model. This nanohybrid system opens up new avenues for intracellular protein delivery and is expected to be extensively applicable for a broad range of biomolecuels.
Electrolyte Engineering with TFA− Anion‐Rich Solvation Structure to Construct Highly Stable Zn2+/Na+ Dual‐Salt Batteries
Authors: Liang Xiedong , Liang Yao , Gao Yuxing , Qiao Wenfeng , Yin Dongming , Huang Pai , Wang Chunli , Wang Limin , Cheng Yong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractElectrolyte engineering is recognized as an effective technique for high‐performance aqueous zinc‐ion rechargeable batteries, addressing difficulties such as free water decomposition, zinc anode corrosion, and zinc dendrite growth. Different from traditional strategies in aqueous electrolyte systems, this work focuses on organic electrolytes involving zinc trifluoroacetate hydrate (Zn(TFA)2·xH2O), sodium trifluoroacetate (NaTFA) dual‐salt and acetonitrile (AN) solvent, in which trifluoroacetate anions (TFA− anions) have strong affinity toward zinc ions to form anion‐rich solvates, thus inducing an inorganic‐rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) to protect Zn from dendrite growth and side reactions. The Zn anode manifests long‐term cycling over 2400 h at a current density of 0.5 mA cm−2 with a high Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.75%, showing an areal capacity as high as 5 mAh cm−2. Owing to the high reversibility of the sodium ions intercalation/deintercalation process in Na2MnFe(CN)6, the Zn//Na2MnFe(CN)6 full cells with the dual‐salt electrolyte perform much better in terms of capacity retention than a device with Zn(TFA)2/AN electrolyte. This approach may open a new avenue for efficient zinc‐ion rechargeable batteries via developing organic electrolytes.
Microenvironment Effects on Decomposition and Mesofauna of Eucalypt Leaf Litter: A Case Study of High‐Altitude Tropical Climate, Brazil
Authors: de Sá Santos Diacuí Benazir Soares , Barreto‐Garcia Patrícia Anjos Bittencourt , Monroe Paulo Henrique Marques , de Paula Rita de Cássia Antunes Lima , de Carvalho Flávia Ferreira 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe effects of microenvironmental conditions on decomposition and its interaction with the mesofauna community remain poorly understood. Therefore, our study aimed to answer the following questions: Does the microenvironment influence the decomposition of Eucalyptus leaf litter and the mesofauna community associated with this process? To do so, we evaluated the litter when exposed to an Eucalyptus plantation (EP) environment and a native forest (NF) environment. Senescent leaves were collected at the base of tree crowns in both the EP and NF environments. After collection, 10 g portions of the dried leaves were placed in litter bags, which were then distributed over the litter in both environments. This defined three treatments: Eucalyptus leaves in the plantation environment, Eucalyptus leaves in NF condition, and NF leaves in their original environment. The litterbag collections took place at 30, 90, 120, 180, 240, and 330 days after installation. Thus, the remaining mass percentages, decomposition rates, and half‐life of the leaf litter were estimated from the dry mass results. The edaphic mesofauna community associated with the decomposition process was evaluated at 30, 90, and 120 days using the Berlese–Tullgren funnel method. The microenvironmental conditions of the native forest promoted a higher decomposition rate of Eucalyptus litter, in addition to greater abundance and richness of mesofauna organisms in relation to the Eucalyptus leaf material in the plantation environment.
When Robots Get Chatty: Grounding Multimodal Human-Robot Conversation and Collaboration
Authors: Allgeuer Philipp , Ali Hassan , Wermter Stefan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe investigate the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to equip neural robotic agents with human-like social and cognitive competencies, for the purpose of open-ended human-robot conversation and collaboration. We introduce a modular and extensible methodology for grounding an LLM with the sensory perceptions and capabilities of a physical robot, and integrate multiple deep learning models throughout the architecture in a form of system integration. The integrated models encompass various functions such as speech recognition, speech generation, open-vocabulary object detection, human pose estimation, and gesture detection, with the LLM serving as the central text-based coordinating unit. The qualitative and quantitative results demonstrate the huge potential of LLMs in providing emergent cognition and interactive language-oriented control of robots in a natural and social manner. Video:https://youtu.be/A2WLEuiM3-s.
Individual variability in the movement ecology of Northern pike Esox lucius in a highly connected wetland system
Authors: Cittadino Simone , Tarkan Ali Serhan , Aksu Sadi , Wright Rosalind M. , Hindes Andrew M. , Lane Steve , Winter Emily , Lyons Jim , Britton J. Robert 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMaintaining hydrological connectivity is important for sustaining freshwater fish populations as the high habitat connectivity supports large-scale fish movements, enabling individuals to express their natural behaviours and spatial ecology. Northern pike Esox lucius is a freshwater apex predator that requires access to a wide range of functional habitats across its lifecycle, including spatially discrete foraging and spawning areas. Here, pike movement ecology was assessed using acoustic telemetry and stable isotope analysis in the River Bure wetland system, eastern England, comprising of the Bure mainstem, the River Ant and Thurne tributaries, plus laterally connected lentic habitats, and a system of dykes and ditches. Of 44 tagged pike, 30 were tracked for over 100 days, with the majority of detections being in the laterally connected lentic habitats and dykes and ditches, but with similar numbers of pike detected across all macrohabitats. The movement metrics of these pike indicated high individual variability, with total ranges to over 26 km, total movements to over 1182 km and mean daily movements to over 2.9 km. Pike in the Thurne tributary were more vagile than those in the Ant and Bure, and with larger Thurne pike also having relatively high proportions of large-bodied and highly vagile common bream Abramis brama in their diet, suggesting the pike movements were potentially related to bream movements. These results indicate the high individual variability in pike movements, which was facilitated here by their access to a wide range of connected macrohabitats due to high hydrological connectivity.
Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf für Ärztinnen in Deutschland am Beispiel der Urologie
Authors: Wiemer Laura , Knipper Sophie , Herlemann Annika , Welte Maria-Noemi , Siech Carolin , Greiser Eva-Maria , Müller Karina , Bellut Laura , Schönburg Sandra , Walach Margarete , Pompe Raisa , Weinberger Sarah 
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Der Fachkräftemangel in der Medizin stellt eine der drängendsten Herausforderungen im Gesundheitswesen dar. Die steigende Anzahl von Frauen in der Medizin und im Speziellen in dem Fachbereich der Urologie wirft Fragen zur Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf auf, insbesondere in Bezug auf die Arbeitsumgebung und Arbeitszeitmodelle.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziel der Arbeit ist es, die Auswirkungen von Mutterschaft auf das Berufsleben von Ärztinnen und Wissenschaftlerinnen im Fachbereich Urologie in Deutschland zu erfassen. Dabei sollen spezifische Herausforderungen in diesem chirurgischen Fachgebiet sowie die Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf beleuchtet werden.

Methode
Die Arbeitsgemeinschaft „Ärztinnen und Wissenschaftlerinnen in der Urologie“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Urologie (DGU) e. V. befragte ihre 1343 weiblichen Mitglieder zu demografischen Daten, beruflichem Status und Aspekten der Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf.

Ergebnisse
Unter 487 Urologinnen in Deutschland hatten 53,4 % Kinder. Mütter waren tendenziell älter, seltener in Weiterbildung, seltener im stationären Bereich und seltener operativ tätig. Besonders auffällig war der geringe Anteil von Vollzeit-arbeitenden Müttern (36,2 %) im Vergleich zu den Urologinnen ohne Kinder (92,4 %). Von den Urologinnen mit Kindern gaben 32,3 % an, ihre Arbeitsstätte wegen ihrer Kinder gewechselt zu haben, während 10,7 % angaben, dass sich nach einer Schwangerschaft zumindest ihr Aufgabenbereich geändert hat. Darüber hinaus reduzierten 76,9 % der Mütter ihre Wochenarbeitsstunden aufgrund familiärer Verpflichtungen. In der multivariablen Analyse zeigte sich ein Einfluss von Mutterschaft auf beruflichen Status und Teilzeitarbeit.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Tatsache, dass die Gründung einer Familie für Frauen in der Urologie in Deutschland mit einer Arbeitszeitreduktion und Beendigung der Klinikkarriere einhergeht, legt nahe, dass es in Deutschland die Notwendigkeit einer Optimierung der Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf gibt. Durch die zunehmende Feminisierung des Medizinberufs wird der bestehende Fachkräftemangel durch das Ausscheiden von Müttern aus dem Berufsleben verstärkt. Um den Bedürfnissen von berufstätigen Eltern, insbesondere Müttern, gerecht zu werden, sind daher dringend Anpassungen im Arbeitsumfeld notwendig. Die Förderung flexibler Arbeitszeitmodelle und die Schaffung unterstützender Rahmenbedingungen sind entscheidend, um den Verlust von Fachkräften zu vermeiden und die Arbeitszufriedenheit in diesem Bereich zu erhalten.

Graphic abstract
Structural controls on cobalt mineralisation during regional metamorphism: an example from the Rajapalot area, Finland
Authors: Sayab Mohammad , Menzies Andrew , Palin Richard M. , Butcher Alan R. , Cook Nick , Kuva Jukka , Dehaine Quentin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Rajapalot area of Finnish Lapland hosts an unusually high-grade association of cobalt-only and gold–cobalt deposits (10.91 Mt @ 2.5 g/t Au + 0.044% Co total inferred resources) within multiply folded metasedimentary rocks of the Paleoproterozoic Svecofennian collisional orogeny. Through the integration of X-ray computed micro-tomography and micro-X-ray fluorescence raster imaging of drill-core samples, we produce a model of cobalt-bearing ore mineralisation, which reveals primary fluid transportation mechanisms and precipitation pathways. When combined with the deposit-scale, high-resolution ground-based magnetic geophysical data, we show that cobalt-bearing ores in the Rajapalot region occur mostly as saddle reefs located in dilated fold hinges, which formed by simultaneous synthetic and antithetic shearing along developing crenulation-cleavage planes and incompetent bedding layers, respectively. We suggest that multi-layered rock complexes with alternations of competent and incompetent layers deformed and metamorphosed to upper greenschist-lower amphibolite facies should represent focus regions for cobalt exploration targeting campaigns in orogenic belts. The non-destructive workflow presented in this study could be an integral part of an early stage of cobalt mineral processing and traceability before metallurgical treatment.
Conservative nonsurgical knowledge of German orthopedic and trauma surgeons—Present state of affairs
Authors: Youssef Yasmin , Toussaint Rene , Ansorg Jörg , Dimanski Götz , Adl Amini Dominik 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
After the fusion of the fields of orthopedics and trauma surgery in 2006 the educational content significantly increased. The acquisition of non-surgical diagnostic and treatment skills seems to fall behind in the classical operatively focused residency programs. This study presents a status quo of the non-surgical education and knowledge in the field of orthopedics and traumatology in Germany.

Methods
An online-based voluntary and anonymous questionnaire was conducted between June and August 2023. The questionnaire was distributed through the email lists of the German Society for Orthopedics and Traumatology (DGOU) and the German Professional Association for Orthopedics and Traumatology (BVOU).

Results
A total of 486 German orthopedic and trauma surgeons answered the online questionnaire (77.9% male; mean age 50.2 ± 11.8 years) and 11.5% were residents. Only 27.1% spent part of the residency training in the outpatient sector. In total 84.2% wish for an increased focus on non-operative treatment options during further education, 81.1% agreed that they have a good general understanding of non-operative treatment options and 81.0% felt confident to apply them in the daily clinical routine (residents 35.4% and 41.7%, respectively). The highest self-assessed competences were knowledge on the application of splints and casts and physiotherapy, ergotherapy and sports therapy, the lowest were knowledge on acupuncture, magnetic field therapy and nutritional aspects after trauma. In total, 77.7% stated non-surgical research projects are not supported at their institution.

Conclusion
Orthopedic and trauma surgeons in Germany subjectively have solid knowledge on treatment options while resident physicians still need to strengthen their skills. Rotation into the outpatient sector and rehabilitation facilities as well as supporting research in the field could further improve the non-surgical skills.
Biomechanische In-vitro-Testmethoden am Kniegelenk
Authors: Deichsel Adrian , Günther Daniel , Ackermann Jakob , Münch Lukas N. , Mathis Dominic T. , Schüttler Karl F. , Wafaisade Arasch , Laky Brenda , Eggeling Lena , Herbst Elmar ,   Research-Komitee der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Arthroskopie AGA
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungBiomechanische Studien kommen in der Sporttraumatologie häufig vor und werden regelmäßig zur Entscheidungsfindung in der Therapie von Patienten verwendet. In der biomechanischen In-vitro-Forschung können verschiedene Testmethoden zum Einsatz kommen, welche von Belastungstests von Implantaten mittels Materialprüfmaschinen, über passive humane Gelenkmodelle, bis zu komplexen aktiven Gelenkaufbauten mit physiologischen Belastungen reichen. Dieser Artikel beschreibt die grundlegenden Begriffe und Testmethoden der In-vitro-Kniegelenkbiomechanik, ihre Vorteile, Schwächen sowie Besonderheiten bei der Interpretation biomechanischer Studienergebnisse.
Mourre Theory and Asymptotic Observables in Local Relativistic Quantum Field Theory
Authors: Kruse Janik 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe prove the convergence of Araki–Haag detectors in any Haag–Kastler quantum field theory with an upper and lower mass gap. We cover the case of a single Araki–Haag detector on states of bounded energy, which are selected from the absolutely continuous part of the energy-momentum spectrum sufficiently close to the lower boundary of the multi-particle spectrum. These states essentially encompass those states in the multi-particle spectrum lying below the three-particle threshold. In our proof, we draw on insights from proofs of asymptotic completeness in quantum mechanics. Notably, we apply Mourre’s conjugate operator method for the first time within the framework of Haag–Kastler quantum field theory. Furthermore, we discuss applications of our findings for the problem of asymptotic completeness in local relativistic quantum field theory.
On the existence of minimal expansive solutions to the $N$-body problem
Authors: Polimeni Davide , Terracini Susanna 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe deal, for the classical $N$
N
-body problem, with the existence of action minimizing half entire expansive solutions with prescribed asymptotic direction and initial configuration of the bodies. We tackle the cases of hyperbolic, hyperbolic-parabolic and parabolic arcs in a unified manner. Our approach is based on the minimization of a renormalized Lagrangian action on a suitable functional space. With this new strategy, we are able to confirm the already-known results of the existence of both hyperbolic and parabolic solutions, and we prove for the first time the existence of hyperbolic-parabolic solutions for any prescribed asymptotic expansion in a suitable class. Associated with each element of this class we find a viscosity solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation as a linear correction of the value function. Besides, we also manage to give a precise description of the growth of parabolic and hyperbolic-parabolic solutions.
Strengths and weaknesses of automated scoring of free-text student answers
Authors: Bexte Marie , Horbach Andrea , Zesch Torsten 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Free-text tasks, where students need to write a short answer to a specific question, serve as a well-established method for assessing learner knowledge. To address the high cost of manually scoring these tasks, automated scoring models can be used. Such models come in various types, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. Comparing these models helps in selecting the most suitable one for a given problem. Depending on the assessment context, this decision can be driven by ethical or legal considerations. When implemented successfully, a scoring model has the potential to substantially reduce costs and enhance the reliability of the scoring process. This article compares the different categories of scoring models across a set of crucial criteria that have immediate relevance to model employment in practice.
Dysregulated FOXO1 activity drives skeletal muscle intrinsic dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Zufiría Mónica , Pikatza-Menoio Oihane , Garciandia-Arcelus Maddi , Bengoetxea Xabier , Jiménez Andrés , Elicegui Amaia , Levchuk María , Arnold-García Olatz , Ondaro Jon , Iruzubieta Pablo , Rodríguez-Gómez Laura , Fernández-Pelayo Uxoa , Muñoz-Oreja Mikel , Aiastui Ana , García-Verdugo José Manuel , Herranz-Pérez Vicente , Zulaica Miren , Poza Juan José , Ruiz-Onandi Rebeca , Fernández-Torrón Roberto , Espinal Juan Bautista , Bonilla Mario , Lersundi Ana , Fernández-Eulate Gorka , Riancho Javier , Vallejo-Illarramendi Ainara , Holt Ian James , Sáenz Amets , Malfatti Edoardo , Duguez Stéphanie , Blázquez Lorea , López de Munain Adolfo , Gerenu Gorka , Gil-Bea Francisco , Alonso-Martín Sonia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a multisystemic neurodegenerative disorder, with accumulating evidence indicating metabolic disruptions in the skeletal muscle preceding disease symptoms, rather than them manifesting as a secondary consequence of motor neuron (MN) degeneration. Hence, energy homeostasis is deeply implicated in the complex physiopathology of ALS and skeletal muscle has emerged as a key therapeutic target. Here, we describe intrinsic abnormalities in ALS skeletal muscle, both in patient-derived muscle cells and in muscle cell lines with genetic knockdown of genes related to familial ALS, such as TARDBP (TDP-43) and FUS. We found a functional impairment of myogenesis that parallels defects of glucose oxidation in ALS muscle cells. We identified FOXO1 transcription factor as a key mediator of these metabolic and functional features in ALS muscle, via gene expression profiling and biochemical surveys in TDP-43 and FUS-silenced muscle progenitors. Strikingly, inhibition of FOXO1 mitigated the impaired myogenesis in both the genetically modified and the primary ALS myoblasts. In addition, specific in vivo conditional knockdown of TDP-43 or FUS orthologs (TBPH or caz) in Drosophila muscle precursor cells resulted in decreased innervation and profound dysfunction of motor nerve terminals and neuromuscular synapses, accompanied by motor abnormalities and reduced lifespan. Remarkably, these phenotypes were partially corrected by foxo inhibition, bolstering the potential pharmacological management of muscle intrinsic abnormalities associated with ALS. The findings demonstrate an intrinsic muscle dysfunction in ALS, which can be modulated by targeting FOXO factors, paving the way for novel therapeutic approaches that focus on the skeletal muscle as complementary target tissue.