bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Insulin Detemir Administration Time on Hypoglycemia Rates in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Grelle Jennifer L. , Kutter Sydney N. , Giruzzi Megan E. , Tawwater John C. 
Published: October 2017

Study ObjectiveTo determine if insulin detemir administration time affects the frequency of hypoglycemia (blood glucose level <70 mg/dl) in hospitalized patients.DesignRetrospective cohort study.PatientsA total of 357 adults (aged 18–89 yrs) who received insulin detemir for at least 48 hours while hospitalized between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2015, were included. Patients were categorized into one of three groups according to insulin detemir administration time: detemir given once/day between 7 a.m. and 10 a.m. (AM group [71 patients]), detemir given once/day between 6 p.m. and 10 p.m. (PM group [158 patients]), and detemir given twice/day (BID group [128 patients]).SettingCommunity hospital.Measurements and Main ResultsThe primary outcome was the percentage of patient days with any occurrence of hypoglycemia. The key secondary outcomes included the percentages of patients who experienced any hypoglycemic event, severe hypoglycemia, hypoglycemia requiring treatment, and refractory hypoglycemia; time of hypoglycemia; and percentage of patients experiencing one or more episodes of hyperglycemia. The AM group had a lower proportion of days with hypoglycemia compared with the PM group (7.9% vs 11.9%, p=0.008). There was a nonsignificant trend toward a lower proportion of days with hypoglycemia in the BID group compared with the PM group (9.1% vs 11.9%, p=0.0302). No significant differences in percentage of patient days with hyperglycemia and rates of severe hypoglycemia, hypoglycemia requiring treatment, or refractory hypoglycemia were noted among the three groups.ConclusionAdministration of detemir in the morning may reduce the occurrence of hypoglycemia in hospitalized patients. Institutions that include detemir on their formularies may consider evaluating the incidence of hypoglycemia and modifying administration schedules as part of their medication safety program.
Differential Proteomic Analysis of Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)‐Induced Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Liu Xiujie , Dai Rongji , Ke Ming , Suheryani Imran , Meng Weiwei , Deng Yulin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLiver fibrosis is a common pathological feature of many chronic liver diseases. To characterize the entire panorama of proteome changes in dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)‐induced liver fibrosis, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)‐based differential proteomic analysis is performed with DMN‐induced liver fibrosis rats. A total of 4155 confidently identified proteins are found, with 365 proteins showing significant changes (fold changes of >1.5 or < 0.67, p < 0.05). In metabolic activation, proteins assigned to drug metabolism enzymes (e.g., CYP2D1) change, suggesting that the liver protection mechanism is activated to relieve DMN toxicity. In addition, the altered proteins of immune response and oxidative stress may activate hepatic stellate cells. Glucose metabolism disorder in DMN model rats is demonstrated by a decrease in key enzymes (e.g., ACSL1) in fatty acid metabolism, a tricabolic acid cycle‐related enzyme (SDH), glycogenolysis enzyme, and gluconeogenesis enzymes (PC, PCKGC) and by an increase in glycolysis enzymes (e.g., HXK1). Meanwhile, alterations in iron and calcium ion homeostasis proteins are observed. Our results also show that mitochondrial dysfunction may be involved in DMN hepatotoxicity. In conclusion, these altered liver proteins in the DMN model and control rats provide data for understanding the functional mechanism of liver fibrosis.
Transthoracic catheter drainage for large symptomatic congenital pulmonary airway malformation
Authors: Oh Seong Hee , Kim Chae Young , Lee Byong Sop , Kim Dong Kwan , Kim Ellen Ai‐Rhan , Kim Ki‐Soo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundSurgical resection of large symptomatic congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) in newborns has high risks of mortality and postoperative morbidity. This study aimed to report the clinical outcomes of newborns who underwent percutaneous transthoracic catheter drainage (PTCD) of large symptomatic CPAM before surgical resection.MethodsThis was a retrospective, descriptive study based on review of the medical records of newborn infants who required surgical resection of large symptomatic CPAM at a single tertiary hospital from 2001 to 2017. The clinical outcomes were compared between patients who underwent surgical resection following PTCD (PTCD group) and those who underwent surgical resection alone (non‐PTCD group).ResultsA total of 17 newborns were included. PTCD was performed in seven cases; the median age at the time of the initial PTCD was 4 days (range, 0‐20 days). Following PTCD in all cases, chest radiograph demonstrated a dramatic reduction in the sizes of the cysts and improvement of mediastinal shift and the Alveolar‐arterial oxygen difference decreased. The median duration between initial PTCD and surgery was 4 days (range, 2‐33 days). PTCD‐related complications included pneumothorax (n = 2), catheter displacement (n = 1), and failure to drain (n = 1). Compared with the non‐PTCD group (6 of 10), the PTCD group had a tendency toward lower rates of postoperative complications (1 of 7).ConclusionPTCD can be an effective interim management for symptomatic newborn infants who require emergency surgical resection of large CPAM.
The yerba mate intake has a neutral effect on bone: A case–control study in postmenopausal women
Authors: da Veiga Denise T. A. , Bringhenti Raísa , Bolignon Aline A. , Tatsh Etiane , Moresco Rafael N. , Comim Fabio V. , Premaor Melissa O. 
Published: October 2017

Nutritional factors have been associated with osteoporosis and fractures. The intake of coffee may increase the risk of fracture whereas the intake of black and green tea is associated with its reduction. Recently, consumption of yerba mate was associated with increased bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Nonetheless, its influence on fracture is not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of yerba mate tea intake on fractures, bone markers, calcium homeostasis, and oxidative stress in postmenopausal women. A case–control study was carried out in South Brazil, 46 women with fractures and 49 controls completed the study. There was no significant difference between the frequency of fractures in women who drank mate tea and women who did not (48.3% vs. 48.5%, p = .99). Moreover, there was no significant difference concerning the serum levels of total calcium, phosphorus, PTH, vitamin D, P1NP, and CTX in the subjects with the history of yerba mate use when compared to controls. Higher serum levels of NOx were found in women who drank the yerba mate infusion. In conclusion, the yerba mate intake is not associated with fracture, and it appears to have a neutral effect on the bone metabolism.
A sobering assessment of small‐molecule force field methods for low energy conformer predictions
Authors: Kanal Ilana Y. , Keith John A. , Hutchison Geoffrey R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe have carried out a large scale computational investigation to assess the utility of common small‐molecule force fields for computational screening of low energy conformers of typical organic molecules. Using statistical analyses on the energies and relative rankings of up to 250 diverse conformers of 700 different molecular structures, we find that energies from widely used classical force fields (MMFF94, UFF, and GAFF) show unconditionally poor energy and rank correlation with semiempirical (PM7) and Kohn–Sham density functional theory (DFT) energies calculated at PM7 and DFT optimized geometries. In contrast, semiempirical PM7 calculations show significantly better correlation with DFT calculations and generally better geometries. With these results, we make recommendations to more reliably carry out conformer screening.
Application of Bayesian analysis to the doubly labelled water method for total energy expenditure in humans
Authors: Ruan Yue , Bluck Les C.J. , Smith James , Mander Adrian , Singh Priya , Venables Michelle 
Published: October 2017

RationaleThe doubly labelled water (DLW) method is the reference method for the estimation of free‐living total energy expenditure (TEE). In this method, where both 2H and 18O are employed, different approaches have been adopted to deal with the non‐conformity observed regarding the distribution space for the labels being non‐coincident with total body water. However, the method adopted can have a significant effect on the estimated TEE.MethodsWe proposed a Bayesian reasoning approach to modify an assumed prior distribution for the space ratio using experimental data to derive the TEE. A Bayesian hierarchical approach was also investigated. The dataset was obtained from 59 adults (37 women) who underwent a DLW experiment during which the 2H and 18O enrichments were measured using isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS).ResultsTEE was estimated at 9925 (9106‐11236) [median and interquartile range], 9646 (9167–10540), and 9,638 (9220–10340) kJ·day−1 for women and at 13961 (12851–15347), 13353 (12651–15088) and 13211 (12653–14238) kJ·day−1 for men, using normalized non‐Bayesian, independent Bayesian and hierarchical Bayesian approaches, respectively. A comparison of hierarchical Bayesian with normalized non‐Bayesian methods indicated a marked difference in behaviour between genders. The median difference was −287 kJ·day−1 for women, and −750 kJ·day−1 for men. In men there is an appreciable compression of the TEE distribution obtained from the hierarchical model compared with the normalized non‐Bayesian methods (range of TEE 11234–15431 kJ·day−1 vs 10786–18221 kJ·day−1). An analogous, yet smaller, compression is seen in women (7081–12287 kJ·day−1 vs 6989–13775 kJ·day−1).ConclusionsThe Bayesian analysis is an appealing method to estimate TEE during DLW experiments. The principal advantages over those obtained using the classical least‐squares method is the generation of potentially more useful estimates of TEE, and improved handling of outliers and missing data scenarios, particularly if a hierarchical model is used.
Improving Meaningful Use of Accommodations by Multilingual Learners
Authors: Shafer Willner Lynn , Mokhtari Kouider 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFor more than two decades, accommodations have served as the primary strategy for ensuring the valid participation of multilingual learners (MLLs) in high‐stakes summative assessments. Using historical analyses of the evolution of testing accommodation guidelines and related instructional practices, the authors explain how the application of accessibility principles to test development and testing guidelines has reframed accommodations into three categories: accommodations, accessibility features, and administration considerations. The authors then discuss what educators can do to more effectively prepare MLLs by integrating these supports into instruction that targets strategic reading and engagement with text and illustrate how the transfer of paper‐oriented reading strategies to digital texts requires explicit attention to foster effective use of embedded accommodations and accessibility features. The authors also provide sample professional development activities to build educator awareness about ideas for integrating MLL test preparations around accommodations into close reading instruction of digital texts.
Diagnostic yield of chromosomal microarray analysis in fetuses with isolated increased nuchal translucency: a French multicenter study
Authors: Egloff M. , Hervé B. , Quibel T. , Jaillard S. , Le Bouar G. , Uguen K. , Saliou A.‐H. , Valduga M. , Perdriolle E. , Coutton C. , Coston A.‐L. , Coussement A. , Anselem O. , Missirian C. , Bretelle F. , Prieur F. , Fanget C. , Muti C. , Jacquemot M.‐C. , Beneteau C. , Le Vaillant C. , Vekemans M. , Salomon L. J. , Vialard F. , Malan V. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo determine the frequency and nature of copy number variants (CNVs) identified by chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) in a large cohort of fetuses with isolated increased nuchal translucency thickness (NT) ≥ 3.5 mm.MethodsThis was a retrospective, multicenter study, including 11 French hospitals, of data from the period between April 2012 and December 2015. In total, 720 fetuses were analyzed by rapid aneuploidy test and the fetuses identified as euploid underwent CMA. CNVs detected were evaluated for clinical significance and classified into five groups: pathogenic CNVs; benign CNVs; CNVs predisposing to neurodevelopmental disorders; variants of uncertain significance (VOUS); and CNVs not related to the phenotype (i.e. incidental findings).ResultsIn 121 (16.8%) fetuses, an aneuploidy involving chromosome 13, 18 or 21 was detected by rapid aneuploidy test and the remaining 599 fetuses were euploid. Among these, 53 (8.8%) had a CNV detected by CMA: 16/599 (2.7%) were considered to be pathogenic, including 11/599 (1.8%) that were cryptic (not visible by karyotyping); 7/599 (1.2%) were CNVs predisposing to neurodevelopmental disorders; and 8/599 (1.3%) were VOUS. Additionally, there was one (0.2%) CNV that was unrelated to the reason for referral diagnosis (i.e. an incidental finding) and the remaining 21 were benign CNVs, without clinical consequence. Interestingly, we identified five genomic imbalances of the 1q21.1 or 15q11.2 regions known to be associated with congenital heart defects.ConclusionOur study demonstrates the benefit of CMA in the etiological diagnosis of fetuses with isolated increased NT. It is worth noting that most (69%) of the detected pathogenic CNVs were cryptic. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Cover Image, Volume 8, Issue 6
Authors: Roy Rajat , Huang Yueyang , Seckl Michael J. , Pardo Olivier E. 
Published: October 2017

The cover image, by Rajat Roy et al., is based on Advanced Review Emerging roles of hnRNPA1 in modulating malignant transformation, DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1431.
image
Lipoprotein‐associated phospholipase A2 activity in obese adolescents with and without type 2 diabetes
Authors: Seyfarth Julia , Reinehr Thomas , Hoyer Annika , Reinauer Christina , Bächle Christina , Karges Beate , Mayatepek Ertan , Roden Michael , Hofer Sabine E. , Wiegand Susanna , Woelfle Joachim , Kiess Wieland , Rosenbauer Joachim , Holl Reinhard W. , Meissner Thomas 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLipoprotein‐associated phospholipase A2 (Lp‐PLA2) was identified as a strong predictor for cardiovascular events. Furthermore, it is highly associated with obesity. The role of Lp‐PLA2 in diabetes mellitus is controversial and analyses, especially in adolescents with type 2 diabetes (T2D), are missing. Therefore, we compared Lp‐PLA2 activity between two obese age‐, sex‐, and BMI‐matched cohorts of adolescents with and without T2D. Relationships between Lp‐PLA2 activity and age, BMI, hemoglobin A1c, lipids, and adipokines were evaluated. Lp‐PLA2 activity was analyzed in serum of 72 obese adolescents without T2D (mean age 15.2 ± 1.6 years) and in 65 obese adolescents with T2D (mean age 15.5 ± 1.8 years). Clinical data were obtained from the Diabetes‐Patienten‐Verlaufsdokumentation (DPV) registry. Surprisingly, obese adolescents with T2D had lower levels of Lp‐PLA2 activity than obese children without T2D (160.2 ± 45.0 versus 180.9 ± 35.6 nmol/min/ml, p = 0.003), but this decrease could only be detected in male (158.8 ± 45.3 versus 190.8 ± 31.3 nmol/min/ml, p < 0.001) and not in female adolescents (162.1 ± 45.5 versus 167.7 ± 37.1 nmol/min/ml, p = 0.60). In multiple linear regression analysis, differences in Lp‐PLA2 activity between cohorts remained large and significant (ß‐coefficient: −31.60, 95% confidence interval [−49.27;−13.93], p < 0.001). Furthermore, Lp‐PLA2 activity was positively associated with BMI (ß‐coefficient: 2.04 [0.68;3.40], p = 0.004) and negatively associated with the adipokines leptin (ß‐coefficient: −0.53 [−0.89;−0.17], p = 0.004) and adiponectin (ß‐coefficient: −3.06, [−5.63;−0.48], p = 0.02). Elevated mean glucose concentrations in adolescents with T2D were not associated with an increase but with a decrease of Lp‐PLA2 activity. Hence, in young patients with T2D the Lp‐PLA2 activity as a risk predictor for cardiovascular events needs further investigation.
A preliminary evaluation of glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) levels in cerebrospinal fluid across various gestational ages and clinical conditions of the neonate
Authors: Rajkumar Rahul , Bhaya Bhavana , Mamilla Divya , Czech Theresa , Kisseih Esther , Saini Arun , Chouthai Nitin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to investigate glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) levels in newborns’ umbilical cord blood and cerebrospinal fluid across various perinatal growth parameters and clinical conditions.MethodsCord blood from 20 newborns and 58 residual CSF samples (stored after completion of clinical testing) were collected. GDNF levels were determined using GDNF ELISA kits from R&D Systems in triplicates with appropriate controls to eliminate background.ResultsCord blood GDNF levels were significantly higher (p = 0.004) in preterm newborns (n = 6) (115.05 ± 57.17, pg/ml) when compared to term newborns (n = 14) (19.67 ± 10.67, pg/ml). GDNF levels in CSF trended (p = 0.07) higher in term newborns (n = 10) (19.56 ± 9.11, pg/ml) when compared to preterm newborns at term or post term corrected gestational ages (n = 5) (14.49 ± 3.53, pg/ml).ConclusionsGDNF levels in preterm newborns were higher in cord blood and lower in CSF as compared to term newborns. It is important to further study circulating and CSF‐GDNF levels in newborns at different gestational ages and clinical conditions.
Influence of proton pump inhibitors on blood dabigatran concentrations in Japanese patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kuwayama Tasuku , Osanai Hiroyuki , Ajioka Masayoshi , Tokuda Kotaro , Ohashi Hirofumi , Tobe Akihiro , Yoshida Tatsuya , Masutomi Tomohiro , Kambara Takahiro , Inoue Yosuke , Nakashima Yoshihito , Asano Hiroshi , Sakai Kazuyoshi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundDabigatran is a direct thrombin inhibitor used to decrease the risk of ischemic stroke in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Its prodrug, dabigatran etexilate (DE) is often co‐administrated with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) because of its adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract. Drug‐drug interactions between DE and PPIs in daily clinical practice have not been fully elucidated.MethodsChanges in blood dabigatran concentration (DC) were investigated using the dilute thrombin time test in a randomized, open‐label, two‐period crossover study including 34 Japanese patients with NVAF receiving dabigatran therapy with or without PPI.ResultsThe average trough DC was significantly higher without PPI than with PPI (83 ± 42.3 vs. 55.5 ± 24.6 ng/mL, respectively; P < 0.001). Similarly, the average peak DC was significantly higher without PPI than with PPI (184.1 ± 107.7 vs. 124 ± 59.2 ng/mL, respectively; P = 0.0029). The average ratio of DC change at the trough and peak levels did not differ significantly among the three PPI types.ConclusionsPPI administration significantly decreased the trough and peak DCs in patients with NVAF. Therefore, when prescribing PPIs for patients with NVAF in a clinical setting, the possibility that the bioavailability of dabigatran may decrease should be considered.
Extracardiac compression of the inferolateral branch of the coronary vein by the descending aorta in a patient with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Konishi Hiroki , Mori Shumpei , Nishii Tatsuya , Izawa Yu , Tamada Naoki , Tanaka Hidekazu , Kiuchi Kunihiko , Fukuzawa Koji , Hirata Ken‐ichi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractExtracardiac structures can cause distortion of cardiac anatomy particularly in patients presenting with a significantly dilated heart, and/or thoracic deformities. We present the case of a 69‐year‐old woman with dilated cardiomyopathy who underwent cardiac resynchronization therapy. Preoperative electrocardiography‐gated contrast‐enhanced computed tomography revealed the inferolateral wall of her significantly dilated and leftward‐rotated heart was close to the descending aorta, and the descending aorta compressed the sandwiched inferolateral branch of the coronary vein. Retrograde coronary venography performed at the time of device implantation confirmed focal stenosis of the inferolateral branch of the coronary vein.
Ten‐year experience in atenolol use and exercise evaluation in children with genetically proven long QT syndrome
Authors: Kwok Sit‐Yee , Pflaumer Andreas , Pantaleo Sarah‐Jane , Date Erin , Jadhav Mangesh , Davis Andrew Mark 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundDue to its availability, atenolol is the primary beta‐blocker used in Australia for children with long QT syndrome. There is limited data on long‐term follow‐up of its use.MethodsA single‐tertiary‐center, retrospective, observational study investigating all children and adolescents who had genetically proven long QT syndrome type 1 (LQT1) and type 2 (LQT2) was conducted. Their pretreatment exercise tests were evaluated for QTc intervals into the recovery phase of exercise.ResultsEighty six patients were identified (LQT1, 67, and LQT2, 19) from 2004 to 2014. The majority (86%) of patients were initially referred for family screening. Atenolol was administered at a mean dose of 1.58 ± 0.51 mg/kg/day. During the median follow‐up period of 4.29 years, only one proband developed ventricular arrhythmia whilst taking atenolol, No patient had cardiac arrest or aborted cardiac arrest. With respect to side effects of atenolol, only two patients had intolerable side effects necessitating changes of medication. Evaluation of exercise tests (pretreatment) demonstrated that corrected QT (QTc) intervals at 2–3 min into the recovery phase of exercise were significantly prolonged for LQT1 patients. LQT1 patients with transmembrane mutation had longer QTc intervals than their C‐terminus mutation counterparts, reaching statistical significance at 3 min into the recovery phase of exercise.ConclusionsAtenolol is an effective treatment for genetically proven LQT1 and LQT2 children and adolescents, with good tolerability. In LQT1 patients, QTc intervals at 2–3 min into the recovery phase of exercise were significantly prolonged, particularly in patients with transmembrane mutations.
TPP, American National Security and Chinese SOEs
Authors: BHALA RAJ 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFree trade agreements (FTAs) are about far more than free trade. They are about national security. A trade deal may be ambitious in liberalizing or managing cross-border flows in goods, services, intellectual property (IP), and people, but to argue for or against an FTA solely along the axis of free versus managed trade is to miss another vital purpose – the deal can, and indeed should, advance national security. This article makes two points. First, the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) exemplifies the possibility of enhancing the national security the United States, through containment of China and its ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Second, the debate over the definition of state owned enterprise (SOE) is one among many illustrations in the TPP of the link between national security, trade, and containment. The 12 nations negotiating the TPP were aware of this link, and deliberated the definition of ‘SOE’. The TPP excluded the Middle Kingdom from the founding members, while the founders wrote the TPP rules to bind China if it subsequently joined the deal. Chinese SOEs were of concern to them, for bona fide national security reasons, and so also were legitimate sovereign interests in providing goods and services through their own SOEs. The evaluation by America and its 11 TPP partners, as to which entities should be included in the scope of SOE disciplines led to a set of clear rules.