bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF THE BI‐2,2,5,5‐TETRAMETHYLCYCLOPENTYLIDENE, A STERICALLY HINDERED ALKENE
Authors: KREBS A. , RUEGER W. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract2,2,5,5‐Tetramethyl‐cyclopentanonimin (Ia) liefert mit Tosylhydrazin das Substitutionsprodukt (Ib), das dann über das Diazoderivat (II) mit dem Thioketon (III) über (IV) zum Ethylensulfid (V) und weiter zum Olefin (VI) kondensiert.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF SOME N‐(5‐ARYL‐1,3,4‐THIADIAZOL‐2‐YL)ACETA/BENZAMIDINES AS POTENTIAL FUNGICIDES
Authors: GIRI S. , SINGH H. , YADAV L. D. S. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBei der Umsetzung der Thiadiazole (I) mit Nitrilen (II) in Gegenwart von Natrium werden die Amidine (III) gebildet, welche fungjcide Wirkung zeigen.
ChemInform Abstract: FLUORENONE DERIVATIVES. IX. 3‐(2‐PYRIDYL)FLUORENONE, 2‐(METHYL‐3‐2‐PYRIDYL)FLUORENONE, 2‐METHYL‐3‐(2‐PYRIDYL)FLUORENONE, AND 2‐(3‐METHYL‐2‐PYRIDYL)FLUORENONE
Authors: CHARDONNENS L. , SUNDER‐PLASSMANN P. , STAUNER T. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDas aus dem Azachalkon (I) und Diethylketon (II) zugängliche Pyridylcyclohexenon (III) wird über den Alkohol (IV) zu dem Biphenylylpyridin (Va) aromatisiert, dessen Oxidation mit einem großen bzw. kleinen Überschuß KMnO4 zu der Säure (Vb) bzw. dem Fluorenon (VIIIc) führt; (Vb) cyclisiert partiell zu dem Pyridylfluorenon (VI), das sich weder mit konz. H2SO4 noch mit PPA zu dem gewünschten Azafluorenacen (VII) cyclisieren läßt. (VI) wird zu (VIIIa) decarboxyliert, dessen Reduktion das Fluoren (VIIIb) gibt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF THE PROPERTIES OF SOME O‐AMINOPHENYLBENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES
Authors: BOGATSKII A. V. , IVANOV E. I. , VOSTROVA L. N. , GRENADEROVA M. V. , KARAVAN L. D. , GERNEGA S. A. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract0‐Aminophenyl‐benzimidazol (I) reagiert mit den Säurechloriden (II) in Eisessig zu (III).
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES OF PHOSPHAZENES. PART 8. THE REACTION OF OCTACHLOROCYCLOTETRAPHOSPHAZENE WITH AN EXCESS OF METHYLAMINE: ISOLATION OF A NEW BICYCLIC PHOSPHAZENE AND ITS HYDROGEN CHLORIDE ADDUCT
Authors: KRISHNAMURTHY S. S. , RAMACHANDRAN K. , WOODS M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Umsetzung von Octachlorocyclotetraphosphazen (I) mit überschüssigem Methylamin führt zu dem Octamethylamino‐Derivat (II), dem bicyclischen Methylamin‐Produkt (III) und seinem Hydrochlorid (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: EFFECT OF A SOLVENT ON THE ADDITION OF MERCURY ACETATE TO 5‐ETHYLIDENEBICYCLO(2.2.1)HEPT‐2‐ENE AND ITS HOMOLOGS
Authors: BELIKOVA N. A. , LERMONTOV S. A. , SKORNYAKOVA T. G. , PEKHK T. I. , LIPPMAA E. T. , PLATE A. F. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractReaktionen der Ethylidenbicycloheptene (I) mit Hg‐acetat in relativ unpolarem Eisessig verlaufen als 1,2‐Additionen unter Bildung der Addukte (II), in stärker polaren Medien entstehen auch 1,5‐Addukte (V).
ChemInform Abstract: SIMPLIFIED IN SITU SYNTHESES OF ANHYDROUS PENTACARBONYLHYDROMANGANESE
Authors: GLADYSZ J. A. , TAM W. , WILLIAMS G. M. , JOHNSON D. L. , PARKER D. W. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Verfasser stellen drei schnelle, bequeme Methoden zur in‐situ‐Darstellung der wasserfreien Titelverbindung (IV) in THF vor.
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATIVE DECARBOXYLATION OF GLYOXYLATE ION BY A DEPROTONATED‐AMINE COPPER(III)‐PEPTIDE COMPLEX
Authors: KIRKSEY S. T. JUN. , MARGERUM D. W. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDer Cu(III)‐pentaglyein‐Komplex bildet in basischer Lösung ein zweifach‐negatives Ion, in dem drei deprotonierte Peptidgruppen und eine deprotonierte Aminogruppe koordiniert sind.
ChemInform Abstract: PHTHALOCYANINES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS. XV. SYNTHESIS AND ELECTRONIC ABSORPTION SPECTRA OF TETRA(4‐TERT‐BUTYLBENZO)PORPHINE AND ITS METALLIC COMPLEXES
Authors: KOPRANENKOV V. N. , TARKHANOVA E. A. , LUK'YANETS E. A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAus dem durch Beckmann‐Umlagerung des Nitrosonaphthols (II) und alkalische Cyclisierung der entstehenden o‐Cyan‐zimtsäure (III) erhaltenen Phthalimidin (IV) wird der Porphin‐Zn‐Komplex (V) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: BIOMIMETIC TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF STEROIDS. IV. STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF 15α‐METHYL‐19‐NORSTEROIDS
Authors: GROEN M. B. , ZEELEN F. J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDas DL‐Keton (VII) und der DL‐Alkohol (VIII) werden in der angegebenen Weise dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: SULFUR‐CONTAINING DERIVATIVES OF ANABASINE AND ITS ANALOGS
Authors: SADIKOV A. S. , OTROSHCHENKO O. S. , YUNUSOV T. K. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractReaktion von Anabasin (Ia), Isoanabasin (Ib) und 2,3′‐Dipiperidyl (IV) mit SOCl2 (IIa) bzw. SCl2 (IIb), von (Ia) mit S, von Piperidin (VIII), (Ia), (Ib) und (IV) mit H2SO4 führt zu einer Reihe von biologisch aktiven Verbindungen (vgl.
Cure kinetics characterization of soy‐based epoxy resins for infusion moulding process
Authors: Subbiah Rajkumar , Tjong Jimi , Nayak Sanjay K. , Sain Mohini 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis study presents the kinetics of the reaction of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) based epoxy resin in the presence of epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) cured with triethylene tetramine (TETA). An isothermal differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) study is carried out to propose a model to analyze the cure kinetics of bio‐based resin. The proposed model is also compared with the Kamal model. The results clearly highlight that the proposed model attains a reasonable percentage of improvement in predicting cure data. Adding ESO to the conventional system decreases the reaction enthalpy and increases the activation energy of the system. The outcome of the study confirms the feasibility of the proposed material system for an infusion process. Further, tensile property improvement is obtained through using an infusion process for the proposed material system.
The role of sexuality symptoms in myeloproliferative neoplasm symptom burden and quality of life: An analysis by the MPN QOL International Study Group
Authors: Geyer Holly L. , Andreasson Bjorn , Kosiorek Heidi E. , Dueck Amylou C. , Scherber Robyn M. , Martin Kari A. , Butler Kristina A. , Harrison Claire N. , Radia Deepti H. , Cervantes Francisco , Kiladjian Jean‐Jacques , Reiter Andreas , Birgegard Gunnar , Passamonti Francesco , Senyak Zhenya , Vannucchi Alessandro M. , Paoli Chiara , Xiao Zhijian , Samuelsson Jan , Mesa Ruben A. 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUNDPatients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) including polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and myelofibrosis, are faced with oppressive symptom profiles that compromise daily functioning and quality of life. Among these symptoms, sexuality‐related symptoms have emerged as particularly prominent and largely unaddressed. In the current study, the authors evaluated how sexuality symptoms from MPN relate to other patient characteristics, disease features, treatments, and symptoms.METHODSA total of 1971 patients with MPN (827 with essential thrombocythemia, 682 with polycythemia vera, 456 with myelofibrosis, and 6 classified as other) were prospectively evaluated and patient responses to the Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Symptom Assessment Form (MPN‐SAF) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC‐QLQ C30) were collected, along with information regarding individual disease characteristics and laboratory data. Sexuality scores were compared with an age‐matched, healthy control population.RESULTSOverall, patients with MPN were found to have greater sexual dysfunction compared with the healthy population (MPN‐SAF score of 3.6 vs 2.0; P<.001), with 64% of patients with MPN describing some degree of sexual dysfunction and 43% experiencing severe symptoms. The presence of sexual symptoms correlated closely with all domains of patient functionality (physical, social, cognitive, emotional, and role functioning) and were associated with a reduced quality of life. Sexual problems also were found to be associated with other MPN symptoms, particularly depression and nocturnal and microvascular‐related symptoms. Sexual dysfunction was more severe in patients aged >65 years and in those with cytopenias and transfusion requirements, and those receiving certain therapies such as immunomodulators or steroids.ConclusionsThe results of the current study identify the topic of sexuality as a prominent issue for the MPN population, and this area would appear to benefit from additional investigation and management. Cancer 2016;122:1888–96. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Petroleum biomarkers as tracers of Exxon Valdez oil
Authors: Carls Mark G. , Holland Larry , Irvine Gail V. , Mann Daniel H. , Lindeberg Mandy 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

Over the past quarter century, petroleum biomarkers have persisted in sequestered Exxon Valdez oil in Prince William Sound and the Gulf of Alaska (USA), and hence the oil has remained identifiable. These biomarkers are molecular fossils derived from biochemicals in previously living organisms. Novel pattern matching indicated the presence of Alaska North Slope crude oil (ANSCO) over the entire observation period at most sites (7 of 9) and distinguished this source from several other potential sources. The presence of ANSCO was confirmed with Nordtest forensics, demonstrating the veracity of the new method. The principal advantage of the new method is that it provides sample-specific identification, whereas the Nordtest approach is based on multisample statistics. Biomarkers were conserved relative to other constituents, and thus concentrations (per g oil) in initial beach samples were greater than those in fresh oil because they were lost more slowly than more labile oil constituents such as straight-chain alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons. However, biomarker concentrations consistently declined thereafter (1989–2014), although loss varied substantially among and within sites. Isoprenoid loss was substantially greater than tricyclic triterpane, hopane, and sterane loss. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2683–2690. © 2016 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Antioxidant and detoxification responses of oysters Crassostrea hongkongensis in a multimetal-contaminated estuary
Authors: Liu Xuan , Wang Wen-Xiong 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

The contaminated oysters discovered in the Pearl River Estuary (Guangdong province, China) contained high levels of metals in their tissues, especially Cu and Zn, indicating that this large and densely urbanized estuary in Southern China suffers from serious metal pollution. The present study aimed to investigate the impacts of multimetal pollution in the Pearl River Estuary on oyster antioxidant and detoxification systems. The responses of various biochemical biomarkers in the ecologically important oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis collected from 7 sites in the Pearl River Estuary were quantified. Significant correlations were demonstrated between the accumulation of Cu and Zn and oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation) and oxidative stress defenses (catalase, glutathione peroxidase) in the oyster gills. Significant correlations between the accumulation of Cd and Cu and detoxification (glutathione and glutathione transferase) in the gills were also documented. Interestingly, metallothionein concentrations were positively correlated with Cd, but negatively correlated with Cu, Ni, and Zn concentrations in the gills. These measurements indicated that Cu in the Pearl River Estuary induced various biochemical responses in the oysters and influenced the susceptibility of oysters to environmental stress. The present study has provided the first evidence of antioxidant and detoxification responses in native contaminated oysters from a field environment seriously contaminated by metals. Coupling biomarkers with tissue metal concentration measurements was a promising approach to identify the metals causing biological impacts in a multimetal-contaminated estuary. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2798–2805. © 2016 SETAC
Assessment of hazard metrics for predicting field benthic invertebrate toxicity in the Detroit River, Ontario, Canada
Authors: McPhedran Kerry N , Grgicak-Mannion Alice , Paterson Gord , Briggs Ted , Ciborowski Jan JH , Haffner G Douglas , Drouillard Ken G 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

Numerical sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) are frequently used to interpret site-specific sediment chemistry and predict potential toxicity to benthic communities. These SQGs are useful for a screening line of evidence (LOE) that can be combined with other LOEs in a full weight of evidence (WOE) assessment of impacted sites. Three common multichemical hazard quotient methods (probable effect concentration [PEC]-Qavg, PEC-Qmet, and PEC-Qsum) and a novel (hazard score [HZD]) approach were used in conjunction with a consensus-based set of SQGs to evaluate the ability of different scoring metrics to predict the biological effects of sediment contamination under field conditions. Multivariate analyses were first used to categorize river sediments into distinct habitats based on a set of physicochemical parameters to include gravel, low and high flow sand, and silt. For high flow sand and gravel, no significant dose–response relationships between numerically dominant species and various toxicity metric scores were observed. Significant dose–response relationships were observed for chironomid abundances and toxicity scores in low flow sand and silt habitats. For silt habitats, the HZD scoring metric provided the best predictor of chironomid abundances compared to various PEC-Q methods according to goodness-of-fit tests. For low flow sand habitats, PEC-Qsum followed by HZD, provided the best predictors of chironomid abundance. Differences in apparent chironomid toxicity between the 2 habitats suggest habitat-specific differences in chemical bioavailability and indicator taxa sensitivity. Using an IBI method, the HZD, PEC-Qavg, and PEC-Qmet approaches provided reasonable correlations with calculated IBI values in both silt and low flow sand habitats but not for gravel or high flow sands. Computation differences between the various multi-chemical toxicity scoring metrics and how this contributes to bias in different estimates of chemical mixture toxicity scores are discussed and compared. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2017;13:410–422. © 2016 SETAC

Key Points
Field assessment of multichemical hazard metrics for predicting benthic invertebrate toxicity in the Detroit River, Ontario, Canada. Multivariate analyses were used to categorize river sediments into distinct habitats based on various physicochemical parameters. Significant dose-response relationships were observed for Chironomid abundances and toxicity scores in 2 habitats. Differences in Chironomid toxicity suggest habitat specific differences in chemical bioavailability and indicator taxa sensitivity.
Prenatal caprine milk oligosaccharide consumption affects the development of mice offspring
Authors: Thum Caroline , McNabb Warren C. , Young Wayne , Cookson Adrian L. , Roy Nicole C. 
Published: April 2016

ScopeThe composition of the gastrointestinal (GIT) microbiota, particularly in early life, influences the development of metabolic diseases later in life. The maternal microbiota is the main source of bacteria colonising the infant GIT and can be modified by dietary prebiotics. Our objective was to determine the effects of prenatal consumption of prebiotic caprine milk oligosaccharides (CMO) on the large intestine of female mice, milk composition, and offspring's development.Methods and resultsC57BL/6 mice were fed either a control diet, CMO diet, or galacto‐oligosaccharide diet from mating to weaning. From weaning, some pups nursed by CMO, GOS, and control‐dams were fed the control diet for 30 days. CMO or GOS‐fed dams had increased colon length and milk protein concentration compared to control‐fed dams. At weaning, pups from CMO‐fed dams had increased body weight and colon length and increased proportions of colonic Bifidobacterium spp compared to the pups from control‐fed dams. Thirty days after weaning, pups from CMO‐fed dams had increased visceral fat weight compared to pups from control‐fed dams.ConclusionConsumption of CMO by the dams during gestation and lactation improved the development of the pups, and the relative abundance of bifidobacteria and butyric acid in the colon, at weaning.
Basis mapping methods for forward and inverse problems
Authors: Schweiger Martin , Arridge Simon 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThis paper describes a novel method for mapping between basis representation of a field variable over a domain in the context of numerical modelling and inverse problems. In the numerical solution of inverse problems, a continuous scalar or vector field over a domain may be represented in different finite‐dimensional basis approximations, such as an unstructured mesh basis for the numerical solution of the forward problem, and a regular grid basis for the representation of the solution of the inverse problem. Mapping between the basis representations is generally lossy, and the objective of the mapping procedure is to minimise the errors incurred. We present in this paper a novel mapping mechanism that is based on a minimisation of theL2orH1norm of the difference between the two basis representations. We provide examples of mapping in 2D and 3D problems, between an unstructured mesh basis representative of an FEM approximation, and different types of structured basis including piecewise constant and linear pixel basis, and blob basis as a representation of the inverse basis. A comparison with results from a simple sampling‐based mapping algorithm shows the superior performance of the method proposed here. © 2016 The Authors. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
An interpolation‐based fast multipole method for higher‐order boundary elements on parametric surfaces
Authors: Dölz Jürgen , Harbrecht Helmut , Peters Michael 
Published: April 2016

SummaryIn this article, a black‐box higher‐order fast multipole method for solving boundary integral equations on parametric surfaces in three spatial dimensions is proposed. Such piecewise smooth surfaces are the topic of recent studies in isogeometric analysis. Due to the exact surface representation, the rate of convergence of higher‐order methods is not limited by approximation errors of the surface. An element‐wise clustering strategy yields a balanced cluster tree and an efficient numerical integration scheme for the underlying Galerkin method. By performing the interpolation for the fast multipole method directly on the reference domain, the cost complexity in the polynomial degree is reduced by one order. This gain is independent of the application of either
‐ or
‐matrices. In fact, several simplifications in the construction of
‐matrices are pointed out, which are a by‐product of the surface representation. Extensive numerical examples are provided in order to quantify and qualify the proposed method. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structures, Challenges, and Successes of Volunteer Programs Co‐managed by Nonprofit and Public Organizations
Authors: Follman Joe , Cseh Maria , Brudney Jeffrey L. 
Published: April 2016

This article presents a mixed‐methods, multicase study and comparison of volunteer programs in US national parks that have evolved, in response to growth and fiscal pressures, to be co‐managed by national park staff and their nonprofit support partners. Findings detail why and how the expanded partnerships were formed; how they operate; challenges they face; ways in which they adhere to, stretch, and depart from theories of nonprofit management, collaboration, and program institutionalization; and the significant—even exponential—volunteer program growth that resulted in each case.These nonprofit−public volunteer program partnerships—at Acadia, Arches and ­Canyonlands, Cuyahoga Valley, Golden Gate, the National Mall, and Yosemite national park sites—employ many standard forms of interorganizational relations, even though in these cases the nonprofits give money to the government organization instead of the reverse. Their volunteer program and management structures also share similar elements because of coercive, normative, and mimetic pressures. At the same time, each volunteer program partnership is a distinct blend of collaboration and management practices because of the unique natural features, climate, needs, adjacent populations, and personalities of leaders at each site. The cases employ innovative strategies to substantially increase the number of staff who lead volunteer programs. Recommendations are offered for nonprofit management research and practice, and findings are instructive for organizations that utilize volunteers either as a single entity or as part of a collaboration.
A miR-372/let-7 Axis Regulates Human Germ Versus Somatic Cell Fates
Authors: Tran Nam D. , Kissner Michael , Subramanyam Deepa , Parchem Ronald J. , Laird Diana J. , Blelloch Robert H. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The embryonic stem cell cycle (ESCC) and let-7 families of miRNAs function antagonistically in the switch between mouse embryonic stem cell self-renewal and somatic differentiation. Here, we report that the human ESCC miRNA miR-372 and let-7 act antagonistically in germline differentiation from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). hESC and iPSC-derived primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs) expressed high levels of miR-372 and conversely, somatic cells expressed high levels of let-7. Manipulation of miRNA levels by introduction of miRNA mimics or knockdown with miRNA sponges demonstrated that miR-372 promotes whereas let-7 antagonizes PGCLC differentiation. Knockdown of the individual miR-372 targets SMARCC1, MECP2, CDKN1, RBL2, RHOC, and TGFBR2 increased PGCLC production, whereas knockdown of the let-7 targets CMYC and NMYC suppressed PGCLC differentiation. These findings uncover a miR-372/let-7 axis regulating human primordial germ cell (PGC) specification.
Detection of Alzheimer's disease at mild cognitive impairment and disease progression using autoantibodies as blood‐based biomarkers
Authors: DeMarshall Cassandra A. , Nagele Eric P. , Sarkar Abhirup , Acharya Nimish K. , Godsey George , Goldwaser Eric L. , Kosciuk Mary , Thayasivam Umashanger , Han Min , Belinka Benjamin , Nagele Robert G. ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: April 2016

AbstractIntroductionThere is an urgent need to identify biomarkers that can accurately detect and diagnose Alzheimer's disease (AD). Autoantibodies are abundant and ubiquitous in human sera and have been previously demonstrated as disease‐specific biomarkers capable of accurately diagnosing mild‐moderate stages of AD and Parkinson's disease.MethodsSera from 236 subjects, including 50 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects with confirmed low CSF Aβ42 levels, were screened with human protein microarrays to identify potential biomarkers for MCI. Autoantibody biomarker performance was evaluated using Random Forest and Receiver Operating Characteristic curves.ResultsAutoantibody biomarkers can differentiate MCI patients from age‐matched and gender‐matched controls with an overall accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 100.0%. They were also capable of differentiating MCI patients from those with mild‐moderate AD and other neurologic and non‐neurologic controls with high accuracy.DiscussionAutoantibodies can be used as noninvasive and effective blood‐based biomarkers for early diagnosis and staging of AD.