bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addendum zu 1,2‐Epoxypropan [BAT Value Documentation in German language, 2013]
Authors: Bader M. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

Veröffentlicht in der Reihe
Biologische Arbeitsstoff‐Toleranz‐Werte (BAT‐Werte), Expositionsäquivalente für krebserzeugende Arbeitsstoffe (EKA), Biologische Leitwerte (BLW) und Biologische Arbeitsstoff‐Referenzwerte (BAR)
, 20. Lieferung, Ausgabe 2013

Der Artikel enthält folgende Kapitel:

Reevaluierung

Belastung und Beanspruchung

Evaluierung der biologischen Expositionsäquivalente
Smoothing switched control laws for uncertain nonlinear systems subject to actuator saturation
Authors: Alves Uiliam Nelson L. T. , Teixeira Marcelo C. M. , de Oliveira Diogo R. , Cardim Rodrigo , Assunção Edvaldo , de Souza Wallysonn A. 
Published: February 2016

SummaryThis paper considers a class of uncertain nonlinear systems exactly described by Takagi–Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy models, with or without matched uncertainties and/or disturbances, within an operating region in the state space. Considering the plant subject to actuator saturation is proposed, a switched control design method such that the equilibrium point of the controlled systems is locally asymptotically stable with an adequate decay rate, for all initial conditions in a region obtained in the design procedure, that is within a given operating region. Moreover, an exact representation of the minimum function using signal functions is presented. Therefore, it is offered a bridge between the switched control and variable structure control laws, because they are usually based on minimum and signal functions, respectively. Considering the well‐known approximation of the signal function by a sigmoid function, this paper introduces the ‘smooth minimum’ function. The smooth minimum function allowed the design of ‘smooth switched’ control laws, without chattering, for the aforementioned class of systems. The proposed smooth switched control laws guarantee the uniform ultimate boundedness of the controlled systems. Design examples and simulation results illustrate the control design procedures and the effectiveness of the proposed control laws. Future researches in this subject may explore the presented relationship between the switched control and variable structure control laws, in order to obtain new useful control laws. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An evolutionary sequence of young radio galaxies
Authors: Collier J. D. , Norris R. P. , Filipović M. D. , Tothill N. F. H. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWe have observed the faintest sample of Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum (GPS) and Compact Steep Spectrum (CSS) sources to date, using the Australia Telescope Compact Array. We test the hypothesis that GPS and CSS sources are the youngest radio galaxies, place them into an evolutionary sequence along with a number of other young active galactic nuclei (AGN) candidates, and search for evidence of the evolving accretion mode and its relationship to star formation. GPS/CSS sources have very small radio jets that have been recently launched from the central supermassive black hole and grow in linear size as they evolve, which means that the linear size of the jets is an excellent indicator of the evolutionary stage of the AGN. We use high‐resolution radio observations to determine the linear size of GPS/CSS sources, resolve their jets and observe their small‐scale morphologies. We combine this with other multi‐wavelength age indicators, including the spectral age, colours, optical spectra, and spectral energy distribution of the host galaxy, in an attempt to assemble all age indicators into a self‐consistent model. We observe the most compact sources with Very Large Baseline Interferometry, which reveals their parsec‐scale structures, giving us a range of source sizes and allowing us to test what fraction of GPS/CSS sources are young and evolving. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Multifrequency VLBA observations of two compact symmetric objects
Authors: Rastello S. , Dallacasa D. , Orienti M. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWe present the results of multifrequency VLBA observations of J1944+5448 and J0111+3906. These sources are compact symmetric objects, completely embedded in the narrow line region of the host galaxy. Multi‐epoch observations allowed us to derive the hot‐spot separation speed that was used to estimate the kinematic age of both sources. Their asymmetric shape is likely due to an inhomogeneous ambient medium with which these sources interact. Finally we present the results on the spectral analysis of J0111+3906 whose spectrum is fitted with either a synchrotron self‐absorption mechanism or a free free absorption model. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Fossil shell emission in dying radio loud AGNs
Authors: Kino M. , Ito H. , Kawakatu N. , Orienti M. , Nagai H. , Wajima K. , Itoh R. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWe investigate shell emission associated with dying radio loud AGNs. First, based on our recent work by Ito et al. (2015), we describe the dynamical and spectral evolution of shells after stopping the jet energy injection. We find that the shell emission overwhelms that of the radio lobes soon after stopping the jet energy injection because fresh electrons are continuously supplied into the shell via the forward shock, while the radio lobes rapidly fade out without jet energy injection. We find that such fossil shells can be a new class of target sources for SKA telescope. Next, we apply the model to the nearby radio source 3C84. Then, we find that the fossil shell emission in 3C84 is less luminous in the radio band while it is bright in the TeV γ ‐ray band and can be detectable by CTA. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
High‐frequency radio properties of central AGNs in cluster environments
Authors: Baek J. , Chung A. , Tremou E. , Sohn B. W. , Jung T. , Ro H. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWe present K‐band (22 GHz) properties of 10 central AGNs in galaxy clusters of various dynamic states. The data were obtained using the Korean VLBI Network (KVN) with a goal to study how the AGN hosted by the central cluster galaxy interacts with the cluster core while undergoing feedback. In KVN single‐dish observations, 9 out of 10 targets are detected. Using our K‐band flux and archival low‐frequency radio data, we evaluate spectral indices of the sample. We find a rough trend that central AGNs in the cluster with shorter cooling timescale show a more flat radio spectrum. This result is suggestive of young synchrotron age of the AGNs located in the cluster with a cool core. High resolution KVN VLBI follow up observations indicate some hints of the presence of parsec‐scale jets only in the cool core cluster AGNs. To‐gether with our finding from KVN single‐dish observations, the parsec‐scale jet morphology of the sample suggests that the AGNs in cool‐core clusters are more recently (re)activated compared to their counterparts in non cool‐core clusters. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Search for extreme rotation measures in CSS sources
Authors: Cotton W. D. , Kravchenko E. , Kovalev Y. Y. , Fomalont E. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractMagnetized plasmas traversed by linearly polarized light will reveal their presence by the frequency dependent Faraday rotation of the angle of polarization. The regions surrounding the black holes powering the jets in AGNs are expected to have dense magnetized plasmas, possibly giving rise to very large Faraday rotations. Compact steep spectrum (CSS) sources are good candidates to search for very large Faraday rotated components as they contain compact emission from close to the black hole and many are strongly depolarized at centimeter wavelengths as expected from strong Faraday effects. We present data on several CSS sources (3C 48, 3C 138, and 3C 147) observed with the VLA at frequencies between 20 and 48 GHz in the most extended configuration. Large, but not excessive rotation measures are reported. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The peculiar megamaser AGN NGC 1194: Comparison with the warped disk candidates NGC 1068 and NGC 4258
Authors: Fedorova E. , Vasylenko A. , Hnatyk B. I. , Zhdanov V. I. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWe analyze the X‐ray properties of the Compton‐thick Seyfert 1.9 radio quiet AGN in NGC 1194 using INTEGRAL (ISGRI), XMM‐Newton (EPIC), Swift (BAT and XRT), and Suzaku (XIS) observations. There is a set of Fe‐K lines in the NGC 1194 spectrum with complex relativistic profiles that can be considered as a sign of either a warped Bardeen‐Petterson accretion disk or double black hole. We compare our results on NGC 1194 with two other megamaser warped disk candidates, NGC 1068 and NGC 4258, to trace out the other properties which can be typical for AGNs with warped accretion disks. To finally confirm or disprove the double black‐hole hypotheses, further observations of the iron lines and their evolution of their shape with time are necessary. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The new class of FR 0 radio galaxies
Authors: Baldi R. D. , Capetti A. , Giovannini G. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAre the FRI and FRII radio galaxies representative of the radio‐loud (RL) AGN population in the local Universe? Recent studies on the local low‐luminosity radio sources cast lights on an emerging population of compact radio galaxies which lack extended radio emission. In a pilot JVLA project, we study the high‐resolution images of a small but representative sample of this population. The radio maps reveal compact unresolved or slightly resolved radio structures on a scale of 1–3 kpc. We find that these RL AGN live in red massive early‐type galaxies, with large black hole masses (≳108 M⊙), and spectroscopically classified as Low Excitation Galaxies, all characteristics typical of FRI radio galaxies which they also share the same nuclear luminosity with. However, they are more core dominated (by a factor of ∼30) than FRIs and show a clear deficit of extended radio emission. We call these sources “FR0” to emphasize their lack of prominent extended radio emission. A posteriori, other compact radio sources found in the literature fulfill the requirements for a FR0 classification. Hence, the emerging FR0 population appears to be the dominant radio class of the local Universe. Considering their properties we speculate on their possible origins and the possible cosmological scenarios they imply. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The compact radio structure of radio‐loud NLS1 galaxies and the relationship to CSS sources
Authors: Gu M. , Chen Y. , Komossa S. , Yuan W. , Shen Z. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractNarrow‐line Seyfert 1 galaxies are thought to be young AGNs with relatively small black hole masses and high accretion rates. Radio‐loud narrow‐line Seyfert 1 galaxies (RLNLS1s) are very special, because some of them show blazar‐like characteristics, while others resemble compact steep‐spectrum sources. Relativistic jets were shown to exist in a few RLNLS1s based on VLBI observations and confirmed by the gamma‐ray flaring of some of them. These properties may possibly be contrary to typical radio‐loud AGNs, in light of the low black‐hole masses, and high accretion rates. We present the compact radio structure of fourteen RLNLS1 galaxies from Very Long Baseline Array observations at 5 GHz in 2013. Although all these sources are very radio‐loud with R > 100, their jet properties are diverse, in terms of their milliarcsecond (mas) scale (pc scale) morphology and their overall radio spectral shape. The core brightness temperatures of our sources are significantly lower than those of blazars, therefore, the beaming effect is generally not significant in our sources, compared to blazars. This implies that the bulk jet speed may likely be low in our sources. The relationship between RLNLS1s and compact steep‐spectrum sources, and the implications on jet formation are discussed based on the pc‐scale jet properties. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
AGN feedback and star formation in young and old radio galaxies
Authors: Labiano A. , García‐Burillo S. , Combes F. , Usero A. , Soria‐Ruiz R. , Piqueras López J. , Tremblay G. , Hunt L. , Fuente A. , Neri R. , Oosterloo T. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractPowerful radio galaxies show evidence of ongoing active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback, mainly in the form of fast, massive outflows. Yet, it is not clear how these outflows affect the star formation of their hosts. We investigated the different manifestations of AGN feedback in the evolved 3C 293 radio source, and in the young, reactivated 3C 236. Both sources harbor young star‐forming regions and fast outflows of H I and ionized gas. Due to the different evolution stages of these sources, they are expected to be at different phases of the AGNISM interaction process. Using high spatial resolution observations of CO lines taken with the IRAM Plateau de Bure interferometer, we studied the distribution and kinematics of the molecular gas in these sources, and compared the results with the dust and star‐formation images of the host. We searched for signatures of outflow motions in the CO kinematics, and derived the star formation rate (SFR) and star formation efficiency (SFE) of the host with all available SFR tracers. Based on the gas mass derived from our observations and on the SFR estimates, we compared the star‐formation efficiency of 3C 236 and 3C 293 against a sample of powerful radio galaxies. Our results suggest that the apparently low SFE of evolved radio galaxies is not necessarily due to AGN feedback, but may be caused by an underestimation of the SFR and/or an overestimation of the molecular gas densities in radio galaxies. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Biphasic modulation of Wnt signaling supports efficient foregut endoderm formation from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Hoepfner Jeannine , Kleinsorge Mandy , Papp Oliver , Ackermann Mania , Alfken Susanne , Rinas Ursula , Solodenko Wladimir , Kirschning Andreas , Sgodda Malte , Cantz Tobias 
Published: February 2016

AbstractPluripotent stem cells (embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells) are of great promise in regenerative medicine, including molecular studies of disease mechanisms, if the affected cell type can be authentically generated during in vitro differentiation. Most existing protocols aim to mimic embryonic development steps by the supplementation of specific cytokines and small molecules, but the involved signaling pathways need further exploration. In this study, we investigated enhanced initial activation of Wnt signaling for definitive endoderm formation and subsequent rapid shutdown of Wnt signaling for proper foregut endoderm specification using 3 μM CHIR99021 and 0.5 μg/mL of secreted frizzled‐related protein 5 (sFRP‐5) for biphasic modulation of the Wnt pathway. The definitive endoderm and foregut endoderm differentiation capabilities of Wnt pathway‐modulated cells were determined based on the expression levels of the endodermal transcription factors SOX17 and FOXA2 and those of the transcription activator GATA4 and the α‐fetoprotein (AFP) gene, respectively. Furthermore, the resulting biphasic Wnt pathway modulation was investigated at the protein level by analyzing phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) and β‐catenin. Finally, Wnt target gene expression was determined using an improved lentiviral reporter construct that enabled robust T‐cell transcription factor 4 (TCF4)/lymphoid enhancer‐binding factor 1 (LEF1)‐mediated luciferase expression in differentiating pluripotent stem cells. In conclusion, we demonstrated robust, homogeneous, and efficient derivation of foregut endodermal cells by inducing a biphasic modulation of the Wnt signaling pathway.
Six‐month outcomes of the XINSORB bioresorbable sirolimus‐eluting scaffold in treating single de novo lesions in human coronary artery
Authors: Wu Yizhe , Shen Li , Ge Lei , Wang Qibing , Qian Juying , Zhang Feng , Yao Kang , Huang Dong , Chen Yundai , Ge Junbo 
Published: February 2016

ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate short‐term outcomes of the XINSORB bioresorbable sirolimus‐eluting scaffold in human coronary artery.BackgroundBioresorbable scaffolds are considered to be the fourth milestone in percutaneous coronary intervention.MethodsThirty patients with symptomatic ischemic coronary disease were enrolled and treated with the XINSORB scaffolds that were 3.0 × 12, 15, and 18 mm in size. The primary angiographic endpoint was late luminal loss (LLL), whereas the primary clinical endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) at the 6 month follow‐up. In a subset of 19 patients, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed at follow‐up.ResultsThe success rates of the procedure and the device were both 100%. Twenty‐seven patients received angiographic follow‐up. All patients were clinically assessed. Neither MACEs nor stent thrombus‐related events were recorded. The percentage of diameter stenosis at follow‐up was similar to that at postprocedure. In‐scaffold and periscaffold LLL were 0.17 ± 0.12 and 0.13 ± 0.24 mm, respectively. No in‐stent restenosis was detected. IVUS showed that the mean areas of the lumen, scaffold, and neointima at follow‐up were 6.27 ± 0.69, 6.48 ± 0.70, and 0.20 ± 0.09 mm2, while in‐device stenosis was 3.1 ± 1.3%. OCT showed that 97.9% of the struts presented a preserved box, while 2.1% had an open box after 6 months. A total of 95.9% of the struts were covered by neointima.ConclusionsThis first‐in‐human study demonstrates the effectiveness and safety of the XINSORB scaffold in treating single de novo coronary lesions. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: The HgF2 Ionic Switch: A Triumph of Electrostatics Against Relativistic Odds.
Authors: Donald Kelling J. , Kretz William J. , Omorodion Oluwarotimi 
Published: February 2016

AbstractDFT calculations (M06‐2X, B97D3, and MP2) indicate that polar covalent bonding in (HgF2)n begins at n = 5.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of a New Hybrid Compound Based on an Iodidoplumbate(II) Anionic Motif.
Authors: Mokhnache Oualid , Boughzala Habib 
Published: February 2016

AbstractCrystals of the one‐dimensional compound (PipH2)2[PbI5]I·H2O (Pip: piperazine) are obtained by slow evaporation of a solution containing a 1:2 molar mixture of PbI2 and piperazine in a 1:1 molar mixture of EtOH and DMF (25 °C, several weeks).
ChemInform Abstract: Dimeric [Mo2S12]2‐ Cluster: A Molecular Analogue of MoS2 Edges for Superior Hydrogen‐Evolution Electrocatalysis.
Authors: Chen Weilin , et al.  
Published: February 2016

AbstractCrystals of (NH4)2 [Mo2(S2)6]·2H2O are grown from aqueous solutions of (NH4) 6Mo7O24·4H2O and NH2OH·HCl by multiple treatment with (NH4)Sx (1.
ChemInform Abstract: Interpenetration of a 3D Icosahedral M@Ni12 (M: Al, Ga) Framework with Porphyrin‐Reminiscent Boron Layers in MNi9B8.
Authors: Zheng Qiang , Wagner Frank R. , Ormeci Alim , Prots Yurii , Burkhardt Ulrich , Schmidt Marcus , Schnelle Walter , Grin Yuri , Leithe‐Jasper Andreas 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe new borides AlNi9B8 (I) and GaNi9B8 (II) are prepared by arc melting of the elements with a 5% excess of Ga for loss compensation followed by annealing (alumina crucibles in evacuated quartz tubes, 920 °C (I) or 895 °C (II), 7 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Confined Acid‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Carbonyl—Ene Cyclization.
Authors: Liu Luping , Leutzsch Markus , Zheng Yiying , Alachraf M. Wasim , Thiel Walter , List Benjamin 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis is the first organocatalytic asymmetric intramolecular carbonyl—ene reaction of olefinic aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Iron—Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene/Core—Shell Catalysts: Efficient Oxidative Dehydrogenation of N‐Heterocycles.
Authors: Cui Xinjiang , Li Yuehui , Bachmann Stephan , Scalone Michelangelo , Surkus Annette‐Enrica , Junge Kathrin , Topf Christoph , Beller Matthias 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe catalyst, which consists of iron oxides surrounded by nitrogen‐doped‐graphene shells immobilized on carbon, is obtained via pyrolysis of iron acetate and phenanthroline followed by a selective leaching process.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Graphitic Carbon Nitride: Its Application in the C—H Activation of Amines.
Authors: Verma Sanny , Nasir Baig R. B. , Han Changseok , Nadagouda Mallikarjuna N. , Varma Rajender S. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractMagnetic ferrites are deposited over the layers of graphitic carbon nitride shows high reactivity in the title reaction.The catalyst can be recovered using an external magnet and can be reused with a minimal loss of activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Regioselective Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling of Inactive C(sp3)—H Bonds with Indole Derivatives.
Authors: Jin Li‐Kun , Wan Li , Feng Jie , Cai Chun 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe novel Ni‐catalyzed coupling of a wide variety of indoles with 1,4‐dioxane and related compounds (XI) affords either C‐3 or C‐2 substituted products selectively, depending on the catalyst system.
ChemInform Abstract: Geminal Bis(silane)‐Controlled Regio‐ and Stereoselective Oxidative Heck Reaction of Enol Ethers with Terminal Alkenes to Give Push—Pull 1,3‐Dienes.
Authors: Li Linjie , Chu Yang , Gao Lu , Song Zhenlei 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe title reaction proceeds with α,β‐coupling to give regioselectivity (Z,E)‐1,3‐dienes (III), (V), (VII)/(VIII) in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: β‐Cyclodextrin in Water: Highly Facile Biomimetic One Pot Deprotection of Phenolic THP/MOM/Ac/Ts Ethers and Concomitant Regioselective Cyclization of Chalcone Epoxides and 2′‐Aminochalcones.
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Verma Nishant , Ahmed Naseem 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe novel, green method is much more milder but more enhanced than earlier reported methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Linear [5]Catenanes via Olefin Metathesis Dimerization of Pseudorotaxanes Composed of a [2]Catenane and a Secondary Ammonium Salt
Authors: Iwamoto Hajime , Tafuku Shinji , Sato Yoshihiko , Takizawa Wataru , Katagiri Wataru , Tayama Eiji , Hasegawa Eietsu , Fukazawa Yoshimasa , Haino Takeharu 
Published: February 2016

AbstractSeveral catenanes are synthesized by olefin metathesis dimerization.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkene anti‐Dihydroxylation with Malonoyl Peroxides.
Authors: Alamillo‐Ferrer Carla , Davidson Stuart C. , Rawling Michael J. , Theodoulou Natalie H. , Campbell Matthew , Humphreys Philip G. , Kennedy Alan R. , Tomkinson Nicholas C. O. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract(E)‐Stilbene and (E)‐β‐methylstyrene derivatives as well as various indene and 1,2‐dihydronaphthalene derivatives are efficiently dihydroxylated to form mixtures of the corresponding syn‐ and anti‐diols, which are separated to furnish the anti‐diols in moderate to high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A Double Activation Method for the Conversion of Vinyl Epoxides into vic‐Amino Alcohols and Chiral Benzoxazine/Quinoxaline Derivatives.
Authors: Srikanth Gourishetty , Ramakrishna Kallaganti V. S. , Sharma Gangavaram V. M. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe title conversion is achieved via π‐allyl palladium‐borate complexes generated from Pd(0) catalyst, catechol phenyl borate, amines, and epoxides.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc‐Catalyzed Alkene Cyclopropanation Through Zinc Vinyl Carbenoids Generated from Cyclopropenes.
Authors: Gonzalez Maria J. , Gonzalez Javier , Lopez Luis A. , Vicente Ruben 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAn unprecedented and simple strategy for the catalytic generation of highly functionalized vinylcyclopropanes is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Short and Tandem Syntheses of Spiro[2.5]octane‐5,7‐dione and Spiro[3.5]nonane‐6,8‐dione via Diethyl Acetonedicarboxylate.
Authors: Jin Xiangle , Xu Wei , Yang Jinsong , Lu Jun , Fu Yan , Xie Le , Zhu Qian , Dong Weitong 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of the title species (III) and (V) involves cyclization of tricarbonyl compound (I) with acrylates (II) and (VI) followed by decarboxylation.