bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel anesthesia regime enables neurofunctional studies and imaging genetics across mouse strains
Authors: Petrinovic Marija M. , Hankov Georges , Schroeter Aileen , Bruns Andreas , Rudin Markus , von Kienlin Markus , Künnecke Basil , Mueggler Thomas 
Published: April 2016

AbstractFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has revolutionized neuroscience by opening a unique window that allows neurocircuitry function and pathological alterations to be probed non-invasively across brain disorders. Here we report a novel sustainable anesthesia procedure for small animal neuroimaging that overcomes shortcomings of anesthetics commonly used in rodent fMRI. The significantly improved preservation of cerebrovascular dynamics enhances sensitivity to neural activity changes for which it serves as a proxy in fMRI readouts. Excellent cross-species/strain applicability provides coherence among preclinical findings and is expected to improve translation to clinical fMRI investigations. The novel anesthesia procedure based on the GABAergic anesthetic etomidate was extensively validated in fMRI studies conducted in a range of genetically engineered rodent models of autism and strains commonly used for transgenic manipulations. Etomidate proved effective, yielded long-term stable physiology with basal cerebral blood flow of ~0.5 ml/g/min and full recovery. Cerebrovascular responsiveness of up to 180% was maintained as demonstrated with perfusion- and BOLD-based fMRI upon hypercapnic, pharmacological and sensory stimulation. Hence, etomidate lends itself as an anesthetic-of-choice for translational neuroimaging studies across rodent models of brain disorders.
Therapeutic hypothermia attenuates tissue damage and cytokine expression after traumatic brain injury by inhibiting necroptosis in the rat
Authors: Liu Tao , Zhao Dong-xu , Cui Hua , Chen Lei , Bao Ying-hui , Wang Yong , Jiang Ji-yao 
Published: April 2016

AbstractNecroptosis has been shown as an alternative form of cell death in many diseases, but the detailed mechanisms of the neuron loss after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rodents remain unclear. To investigate whether necroptosis is induced after TBI and gets involved in the neuroprotecton of therapeutic hypothermia on the TBI, we observed the pathological and biochemical change of the necroptosis in the fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) model of the rats. We found that receptor-interacting protein (RIP) 1 and 3 and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), the critical downstream mediators of necroptosis recently identified in vivo, as well as HMGB1 and the pro-inflammation cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-18, were increased at an early phase (6 h) in cortex after TBI. Posttraumatic hypothermia (33 °C) led to the decreases in the necroptosis regulators, inflammatory factors and brain tissue damage in rats compared with normothermia-treated TBI animals. Immunohistochemistry studies showed that posttraumatic hypothermia also decreased the necroptosis-associated proteins staining in injured cortex and hippocampal CA1. Therefore, we conclude that the RIP1/RIP3-MLKL-mediated necroptosis occurs after experimental TBI and therapeutic hypothermia may protect the injured central nervous system from tissue damage and the inflammatory responses by targeting the necroptosis signaling after TBI.
β2-adrenoceptor signaling reduction in dendritic cells is involved in the inflammatory response in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats
Authors: Wu Huaxun , Chen Jingyu , Song Shasha , Yuan Pingfan , Liu Lihua , Zhang Yunfang , Zhou Aiwu , Chang Yan , Zhang Lingling , Wei Wei 
Published: April 2016

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by inflammation of the synovium, which leads to the progressive destruction of cartilage and bone. Adrenoreceptor (AR) signaling may play an important role in modulating dendritic cell (DC), which may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA. We examined the effect of the β-AR agonist isoprenaline (ISO) on DC function, the impact of the β2-AR agonist salbutamol on adjuvant-induced arthritic (AA) rats and changes in β2-AR signaling in DCs during the course of AA. ISO inhibited the expression of the surface molecules CD86 and MHC-II, inhibited the stimulation of T lymphocyte proliferation by DC and TNF-α secretion and promoted DC antigen uptake and IL-10 secretion. The effects of ISO on MHC-II expression, DC stimulation of T lymphocyte proliferation and DC antigen uptake were mediated by β2-AR. Treatment with salbutamol ameliorated the severity of AA and histopathology of the joints and inhibited proliferation of thymus lymphocytes and FLS in vivo. β2-AR signaling was weaker in AA rats compared to the control. Elevated GRK2 and decreased β2-AR expression in DC cytomembranes were observed in AA and may have decreased the anti-inflammatory effect of β2-AR signaling. Decreased β2-AR signaling may be relevant to the exacerbation of arthritis inflammation.
Engineering of a novel cellulose-adherent cellulolytic Saccharomyces cerevisiae for cellulosic biofuel production
Authors: Liu Zhuo , Ho Shih-Hsin , Sasaki Kengo , den Haan Riaan , Inokuma Kentaro , Ogino Chiaki , van Zyl Willem H. , Hasunuma Tomohisa , Kondo Akihiko 
Published: April 2016

AbstractCellulosic biofuel is the subject of increasing attention. The main obstacle toward its economic feasibility is the recalcitrance of lignocellulose requiring large amount of enzyme to break. Several engineered yeast strains have been developed with cellulolytic activities to reduce the need for enzyme addition, but exhibiting limited effect. Here, we report the successful engineering of a cellulose-adherent Saccharomyces cerevisiae displaying four different synergistic cellulases on the cell surface. The cellulase-displaying yeast strain exhibited clear cell-to-cellulose adhesion and a “tearing” cellulose degradation pattern; the adhesion ability correlated with enhanced surface area and roughness of the target cellulose fibers, resulting in higher hydrolysis efficiency. The engineered yeast directly produced ethanol from rice straw despite a more than 40% decrease in the required enzyme dosage for high-density fermentation. Thus, improved cell-to-cellulose interactions provided a novel strategy for increasing cellulose hydrolysis, suggesting a mechanism for promoting the feasibility of cellulosic biofuel production.
The effect of temperature on the coupled slow and fast dynamics of an electrochemical oscillator
Authors: Zülke Alana A. , Varela Hamilton 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe coupling among disparate time-scales is ubiquitous in many chemical and biological systems. We have recently investigated the effect of fast and, long-term, slow dynamics in surface processes underlying some electrocatalytic reactions. Herein we report on the effect of temperature on the coupled slow and fast dynamics of a model system, namely the electro-oxidation of formic acid on platinum studied at five temperatures between 5 and 45 °C. The main result was a turning point found at 25 °C, which clearly defines two regions for the temperature dependency on the overall kinetics. In addition, the long-term evolution allowed us to compare reaction steps related to fast and slow evolutions. Results were discussed in terms of the key role ofPtOspecies, which chemically couple slow and fast dynamics. In summary we were able to: (a) identify the competition between two reaction steps as responsible for the occurrence of two temperature domains; (b) compare the relative activation energies of these two steps; and (c) suggest the role of a given reaction step on the period-increasing set of reactions involved in the oscillatory dynamics. The introduced methodology could be applied to other systems to uncover the temperature dependence of complex chemical networks.
Abnormal Population Responses in the Somatosensory Cortex of Alzheimer’s Disease Model Mice
Authors: Maatuf Yossi , Stern Edward A. , Slovin Hamutal 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. One of the neuropathological hallmarks of AD is the accumulation of amyloid-β plaques. Overexpression of human amyloid precursor protein in transgenic mice induces hippocampal and neocortical amyloid-β accumulation and plaque deposition that increases with age. The impact of these effects on neuronal population responses and network activity in sensory cortex is not well understood. We used Voltage Sensitive Dye Imaging, to investigate at high spatial and temporal resolution, the sensory evoked population responses in the barrel cortex of aged transgenic (Tg) mice and of age-matched non-transgenic littermate controls (Ctrl) mice. We found that a whisker deflection evoked abnormal sensory responses in the barrel cortex of Tg mice. The response amplitude and the spatial spread of the cortical responses were significantly larger in Tg than in Ctrl mice. At the network level, spontaneous activity was less synchronized over cortical space than in Ctrl mice, however synchronization during evoked responses induced by whisker deflection did not differ between the two groups. Thus, the presence of elevated Aβ and plaques may alter population responses and disrupts neural synchronization in large-scale networks, leading to abnormalities in sensory processing.
Nanoparticle Self-Assembled Grain Like Curcumin Conjugated ZnO: Curcumin Conjugation Enhances Removal of Perylene, Fluoranthene and Chrysene by ZnO
Authors: Moussawi Rasha N. , Patra Digambara 
Published: April 2016

AbstractCurcumin conjugated ZnO, referred as Zn(cur)O, nanostructures have been successfully synthesized, these sub-micro grain-like structures are actually self-assemblies of individual needle-shaped nanoparticles. The nanostructures as synthesized possess the wurtzite hexagonal crystal structure of ZnO and exhibit very good crystalline quality. FT-Raman and TGA analysis establish that Zn(cur)O is different from curcumin anchored ZnO (ZnO@cur), which is prepared by physically adsorbing curcumin on ZnO surfaces. Chemically Zn(cur)O is more stable than ZnO@cur. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy indicates Zn(cur)O have more impurities compared to ZnO@cur. The solid-state photoluminescence of Zn(cur)O has been investigated, which demonstrates that increase of curcumin concentration in Zn(cur)O suppresses visible emission of ZnO prepared through the same method, this implies filling ZnO defects by curcumin. However, at excitation wavelength 425 nm the emission is dominated by fluorescence from curcumin. The study reveals that Zn(cur)O can remove to a far extent high concentrations of perylene, fluoranthene and chrysene faster than ZnO. The removal depends on the extent of curcumin conjugation and is found to be faster for PAHs having smaller number of aromatic rings, particularly, it is exceptional for fluoranthene with 93% removal after 10 minutes in the present conditions. The high rate of removal is related to photo-degradation and a mechanism has been proposed.
Size Dependent Cellular Uptake of Rod-like Bionanoparticles with Different Aspect Ratios
Authors: Liu Xiangxiang , Wu Fengchi , Tian Ye , Wu Man , Zhou Quan , Jiang Shidong , Niu Zhongwei 
Published: April 2016

AbstractUnderstanding the cellular internalization mechanism of nanoparticles is essential to study their biological fate. Especially, due to the anisotropic properties, rod-like nanoparticles have attracted growing interest for the enhanced internalization efficiency with respect to spherical nanoparticles. Here, to elucidate the effect of aspect ratio of rod-like nanoparticles on cellular uptake, tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), a typical rod-like bionanoparticle, is developed as a model. Nanorods with different aspect ratios can be obtained by ultrasound treatment and sucrose density gradient centrifugation. By incubating with epithelial and endothelial cells, we found that the rod-like bionanoparticles with various aspect ratios had different internalization pathways in different cell lines: microtubules transport in HeLa and clathrin-mediated uptake in HUVEC for TMV4 and TMV8; caveolae-mediated pathway and microtubules transport in HeLa and HUVEC for TMV17. Differently from most nanoparticles, for all the three TMV nano-rods with different aspect ratios, macropinocytosis takes no effect on the internalization in both cell types. This work provides a fundamental understanding of the influence of aspect ratio on cellular uptake decoupled from charge and material composition.
Uncovering disease mechanisms through network biology in the era of Next Generation Sequencing
Authors: Piñero Janet , Berenstein Ariel , Gonzalez-Perez Abel , Chernomoretz Ariel , Furlong Laura I. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractCharacterizing the behavior of disease genes in the context of biological networks has the potential to shed light on disease mechanisms, and to reveal both new candidate disease genes and therapeutic targets. Previous studies addressing the network properties of disease genes have produced contradictory results. Here we have explored the causes of these discrepancies and assessed the relationship between the network roles of disease genes and their tolerance to deleterious germline variants in human populations leveraging on: the abundance of interactome resources, a comprehensive catalog of disease genes and exome variation data. We found that the most salient network features of disease genes are driven by cancer genes and that genes related to different types of diseases play network roles whose centrality is inversely correlated to their tolerance to likely deleterious germline mutations. This proved to be a multiscale signature, including global, mesoscopic and local network centrality features. Cancer driver genes, the most sensitive to deleterious variants, occupy the most central positions, followed by dominant disease genes and then by recessive disease genes, which are tolerant to variants and isolated within their network modules.
Cerebral Spinal Fluid levels of Cytokines are elevated in Patients with Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
Authors: Thibert Kathryn A. , Raymond Gerald V. , Tolar Jakub , Miller Weston P. , Orchard Paul J. , Lund Troy C. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMetachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is a lysosomal storage disease resulting from a deficiency of arylsulfatase A causing an accumulation of cerebroside sulfate, a lipid normally abundant in myelin. Sulfatide accumulation is associated with progressive demyelination and a clinical presentation in severe disease forms that is dominated by motor manifestations. Cerebral inflammation may contribute to the pathophysiology of MLD. To date, cytokine levels in the cerebral spinal fluid of MLD patients have not previously been reported. The objective of this study was to evaluate the concentration of inflammatory cytokines in the CSF of patients with MLD and to compare these levels to unaffected controls. Of 22 cytokines evaluated, we documented significant elevations of MCP-1, IL-1Ra, IL-8, MIP-1b and VEGF in the MLD patients compared to unaffected controls. The elevated cytokines identified in this study may play a significant role in the pathophysiology of MLD. Better understanding of the inflammatory and neurodegenerative process of MLD may lead to improved targeted therapies.
Epidemic risk from friendship network data: an equivalence with a non-uniform sampling of contact networks
Authors: Fournet Julie , Barrat Alain 
Published: April 2016

AbstractContacts between individuals play an important role in determining how infectious diseases spread. Various methods to gather data on such contacts co-exist, from surveys to wearable sensors. Comparisons of data obtained by different methods in the same context are however scarce, in particular with respect to their use in data-driven models of spreading processes. Here, we use a combined data set describing contacts registered by sensors and friendship relations in the same population to address this issue in a case study. We investigate if the use of the friendship network is equivalent to a sampling procedure performed on the sensor contact network with respect to the outcome of simulations of spreading processes: such an equivalence might indeed give hints on ways to compensate for the incompleteness of contact data deduced from surveys. We show that this is indeed the case for these data, for a specifically designed sampling procedure, in which respondents report their neighbors with a probability depending on their contact time. We study the impact of this specific sampling procedure on several data sets, discuss limitations of our approach and its possible applications in the use of data sets of various origins in data-driven simulations of epidemic processes.
Characteristics of Auditory Processing Disorders: A Systematic Review
Authors: de Wit Ellen , Visser-Bochane Margot I. , Steenbergen Bert , van Dijk Pim , van der Schans Cees P. , Luinge Margreet R. 
Published: April 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this review article is to describe characteristics of auditory processing disorders (APD) by evaluating the literature in which children with suspected or diagnosed APD were compared with typically developing children and to determine whether APD must be regarded as a deficit specific to the auditory modality or as a multimodal deficit.MethodSix electronic databases were searched for peer-reviewed studies investigating children with (suspected) APD in comparison with typically developing peers. Relevant studies were independently reviewed and appraised by 2 reviewers. Methodological quality was quantified using the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's levels of evidence.ResultsFifty-three relevant studies were identified. Five studies were excluded because of weak internal validity. In total, 48 studies were included, of which only 1 was classified as having strong methodological quality. Significant dissimilarities were found between children referred with listening difficulties and controls. These differences relate to auditory and visual functioning, cognition, language, reading, and physiological and neuroimaging measures.ConclusionsMethodological quality of most of the incorporated studies was rated moderate due to the heterogeneous groups of participants, inadequate descriptions of participants, and the omission of valid and reliable measurements. The listening difficulties of children with APD may be a consequence of cognitive, language, and attention issues rather than bottom-up auditory processing.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14963637
Comportement du parodonte au cours du nivellement des incisives
mandibulaires : précautions à prendre
Authors: Castelli Alicia , Le Gall Michel , Monnet-Corti Virginie 
Published: April 2016

La position de l’incisive mandibulaire étant l’une des clés de la réussite de nos
traitements, la plupart des techniques orthodontiques focalisent leur attention sur son
contrôle mais ne prennent pas de précautions particulières sur l’environnement parodontal.
Peut-on se fier à la seule téléradiographie de profil pour évaluer des quantités d’os
aussi fines que celles en regard des incisives mandibulaires ? Qu’en est-il réellement du
niveau osseux avant traitement et surtout après alignement/nivellement et redressement de
l’incisive ? C’est à travers une étude prospective sur trois ans de 50 patients que nous
avons évalué le comportement du parodonte des incisives mandibulaires suite à une phase de
nivellement, par une approche clinique par sondage parodontal et radiologique par mesures
des épaisseurs osseuses sur cone beam. Une perte osseuse a été mise en évidence, non
négligeable au vu de la finesse de l’os au départ. Face à cette réalité clinique, nous
devons adapter notre thérapeutique en réalisant un bilan parodontal pré-orthodontique, en
complétant le diagnostic par des examens 3D pour les cas à risques et en contrôlant l’axe
incisif dans la phase de nivellement. L’avènement du cone beam devient un outil précieux
permettant l’individualisation du traitement orthodontique et la possibilité de visualiser
l’environnement osseux et la position des racines à la fin du traitement.
Épaisseur d’os alvéolaire dans la zone du point A : savoir éviter les échecs parodontaux en regard des incisives maxillaires
Authors: Chevalier Émilie , Philip-Alliez Camille , Le Gall Michel 
Published: April 2016

Nombreuses sont les études sur les relations orthodontie/parodontie mais rares sont celles qui ont bénéficié de l’apport des nouvelles techniques d’imageries 3D et qui mettent en avant les effets iatrogènes que peut avoir l’orthodontie sur le parodonte. Les risques parodontaux en terme de fenestrations, de déhiscences osseuses en regard des incisives maxillaires sont réels pendant ou après un traitement orthodontique. D’ou l’importance d’évaluer précisément la situation initiale en terme de quantité d’os dans ce secteur esthétique d’arcade. Notre étude a eu pour objectif d’évaluer la fiabilité de la téléradiographie de profil conventionnelle pour quantifier l’épaisseur d’os alvéolaire en regard des incisives maxillaires en la comparant aux données issues du scanner. L’objectif second était de mettre en évidence un profil de patient dit « à risque » en évaluant les éventuelles corrélations entre cette épaisseur et des composantes de dysmorphie. Les résultats ont révélé une erreur d’évaluation de moitié quant à l’estimation de l’épaisseur d’os et un risque accru en cas d’hyperdivergence, de classe III et de proalvéolie. Enfin, compte tenu de ces résultats, nous avons abordé les conduites à tenir cliniquement pour éviter l’apparition de tels échecs parodontaux dans ce secteur d’arcade.
Les échecs relatifs au plan de traitement
Authors: Lecocq Guillaume 
Published: April 2016

Qui n’a jamais eu d’échec de traitement ? Qui n’a jamais regretté de s’être embarqué dans
un plan de traitement ? Et qui ne s’est jamais promis de ne pas tomber deux fois dans le
même piège ? Chacun d’entre nous bien sûr. Ce qui nous a permis de tomber dans d’autres
pièges après nous être relevé de nos échecs précédents. Tout d’abord, considérons-nous que
le succès est l’obtention d’une classe I molaire et canine bilatérale, une normalisation
du surplomb et du recouvrement, un centrage et une coïncidence des médianes incisives ?
Alors, tous les autres plans de traitement seraient-ils des échecs ? De manière plus
réaliste, il faut considérer comme échec du plan de traitement les situations où nous
n’avons pas su atteindre les objectifs que nous nous étions fixés au début du traitement
par manque de réalisme, par optimisme...
Bidirectional association between sedentary behaviour and depressive symptoms in adolescent girls
Authors: Raudsepp Lennart 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis study examined longitudinal and bidirectional association between sedentary behaviour (SB) and depressive symptoms (DS) in adolescent girls. Participants (n = 253) completed measures of SB and DS at three time points spanning a four‐year interval. DS were obtained using the modified Centre for Epidemiological Depression Scale (CES‐D). Weekday and weekend SB was assessed using a questionnaire. In the latent growth model, both SB and DS increased and the change in SB was positively associated with change in DS (β = 0.24). Higher levels of SB at baseline were associated with larger increases in DS over time (β = 0.23), and higher baseline levels of DS were associated with smaller increases in SB over time (β = −0.17). These findings suggest persistent longitudinal and bidirectional associations between SB and DS and encourage the design of interventions that limit sedentary time as a possible means of reducing adolescent depression.