bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pollinator‐mediated interactions in experimental arrays vary with neighbor identity
Authors: Ha Melissa K. , Ivey Christopher T. 
Published: February 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Local ecological conditions influence the impact of species interactions on evolution and community structure. We investigated whether pollinator‐mediated interactions between coflowering plants vary with plant density, coflowering neighbor identity, and flowering season.METHODS:We conducted a field experiment in which flowering time and floral neighborhood were manipulated in a factorial design. Early‐ and late‐flowering Clarkia unguiculata plants were placed into arrays with C. biloba neighbors, noncongeneric neighbors, additional conspecific plants, or no additional plants as a density control. We compared whole‐plant pollen limitation of seed set, pollinator behavior, and pollen deposition among treatments.KEY RESULTS:Interactions mediated by shared pollinators depended on the identity of the neighbor and possibly changed through time, although flowering‐season comparisons were compromised by low early‐season plant survival. Interactions with conspecific neighbors were likely competitive late in the season. Interactions with C. biloba appeared to involve facilitation or neutral interactions. Interactions with noncongeners were more consistently competitive. The community composition of pollinators varied among treatment combinations.CONCLUSIONS:Pollinator‐mediated interactions involved competition and likely facilitation, depending on coflowering neighbor. Experimental manipulation helped to reveal context‐dependent variation in indirect biotic interactions.
Nurse-led Care for Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review of the Effect on Quality of Care
Authors: Garner Stephanie , Lopatina Elena , Rankin James A. , Marshall Deborah A. 
Published: February 2017

Objective.In the nurse-led care (NLC) model, nurses take on the primary responsibility for patient management. We systematically assessed the effect of NLC for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on multiple dimensions of quality of care from the Alberta Quality of Care Matrix for Health.Methods.We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL from 1950 to January 2015. English-language studies were included if they reported on NLC for patients with RA and assessed 1 or more dimensions of quality (effectiveness, acceptability, efficiency, accessibility, appropriateness, and safety). Data were synthesized using narrative analysis.Results.We included 10 studies. The NLC models varied in terms of nurses’ professional designation (clinical nurse specialists or nurse practitioners); however, their role in the clinic was fairly consistent. Disease activity was the most common measure of effectiveness, with NLC being equal (n = 2) or superior (n = 3) to the comparator. NLC was equal (n = 1) or superior (n = 5) versus the comparator in terms of patient satisfaction (i.e., acceptability of care). NLC was equally safe as other models (n = 2). Regarding efficiency, results varied across studies (n = 6) and did not allow for conclusions about models’ cost-effectiveness. In qualitative studies, patients found NLC to be superior in terms of accessibility [i.e., continuity of care (n = 3) and appropriateness measured with education and support (n = 4)]; however, no quantitative measures were found.Conclusion.NLC for patients with RA is effective, acceptable, and safe as compared with other models. However, current evidence is insufficient to draw conclusions about its efficiency, accessibility, and appropriateness.
The Cost-effectiveness of Sequences of Biological Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drug Treatment in England for Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Who Can Tolerate Methotrexate
Authors: Stevenson Matt D. , Wailoo Allan J. , Tosh Jonathan C. , Hernandez-Alava Monica , Gibson Laura A. , Stevens John W. , Archer Rachel J. , Simpson Emma L. , Hock Emma S. , Young Adam , Scott David L. 
Published: February 2017

Objective.To ascertain whether strategies of treatment with a biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (bDMARD) are cost-effective in an English setting. Results are presented for those patients with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and those with severe RA.Methods.An economic model to assess the cost-effectiveness of 7 bDMARD was developed. A systematic literature review and network metaanalysis was undertaken to establish relative clinical effectiveness. The results were used to populate the model, together with estimates of Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score following European League Against Rheumatism response; annual costs, and utility, per HAQ band; trajectory of HAQ for patients taking bDMARD; and trajectory of HAQ for patients using nonbiologic therapy (NBT). Results were presented as those associated with the strategy with the median cost-effectiveness. Supplementary analyses were undertaken assessing the change in cost-effectiveness when only patients with the most severe prognoses taking NBT were provided with bDMARD treatment. The costs per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) values were compared with reported thresholds from the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence of £20,000 to £30,000 (US$24,700 to US$37,000).Results.In the primary analyses, the cost per QALY of a bDMARD strategy was £41,600 for patients with severe RA and £51,100 for those with moderate to severe RA. Under the supplementary analyses, the cost per QALY fell to £25,300 for those with severe RA and to £28,500 for those with moderate to severe RA.Conclusion.The cost-effectiveness of bDMARD in RA in England is questionable and only meets current accepted levels in subsets of patients with the worst prognoses.
Parentalité adoptive : filiation narrative et bisexualité psychique
Authors: Golse Bernard 
Published: February 2017

Après avoir rappelé les différents axes de la filiation selon J. Guyotat, auxquels peut désormais s’adjoindre l’axe narratif (B. Golse, M. R. Moro), et après avoir resitué la question de la bisexualité psychique au regard des précurseurs de la différence des sexes, ce travail propose quelques réflexions et illustrations cliniques quant à l’agressivité des adolescents en lien avec l’identité et la filiation narrative d’une part, et avec la bisexualité psychique des parents adoptifs d’autre part.
Après toi, mon bel autoportrait…
Authors: Moutte Jean-Philippe 
Published: February 2017

À l’heure où la pratique du selfie se répand à grande vitesse, la présentation d’autoportraits réalisés par deux jeunes artistes (Francesca Woodman, Zhang Huan) tente d’éclairer la façon dont ces créations peuvent participer – par la saisie de l’inquiétude, de la tension proprement pubertaires – de la capacité du sujet à s’approprier la métamorphose aux fins d’une subjectalisation. L’engagement dans une telle démarche créatrice ne va jamais sans risques, notamment de breakdown ou d’autodestruction.
IL-13–Mediated Regulation of Learning and Memory
Authors: Brombacher Tiroyaone M. , Nono Justin K. , De Gouveia Keisha S. , Makena Nokuthula , Darby Matthew , Womersley Jacqueline , Tamgue Ousman , Brombacher Frank 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The role of proinflammatory cytokines in cognitive function has been investigated with both beneficial and possible detrimental effects, depending on the cytokine. More recently, the type 2 IL-4 has been demonstrated to play a role in cognition. In this study, using the Morris water maze task, we demonstrate that IL-13–deficient mice are significantly impaired in working memory as well as attenuated reference memory, both functions essential for effective complex learning. During the learning process, wild-type mice increased the number of CD4+ T cells in the meninges and production of IL-13, whereas neither Morris water maze–trained IL-4 nor trained IL-13–deficient mice were able to increase CD4+ T cells in the meninges. Mechanistically, we showed that IL-13 is able to stimulate primary astrocytes to produce brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which does foster cognitive functions. Moreover, Morris water maze–trained wild-type mice were able to increase astrocyte-produced glial fibrillary acidic protein in the hippocampus, which was impaired in Morris water maze–trained IL-4– and IL-13–deficient mice. Collectively, this study strongly suggests that the Th2 cytokines, not only IL-4 but also IL-13, are involved in cognitive functions by stimulating astrocytes from the meninges and hippocampus. These results may be important for future development of therapeutic approaches associated with neurologic disorders such as Parkinson disease–associated dementia and HIV-associated dementia among others.
Understanding morphological variability in a taxonomic context in Chilean diplomystids (Teleostei: Siluriformes), including the description of a new species
Authors: Arratia Gloria , Quezada-Romegialli Claudio 
Published: February 2017

Following study of the external morphology and its unmatched variability throughout ontogeny and a re-examination of selected morphological characters based on many specimens of diplomystids from Central and South Chile, we revised and emended previous specific diagnoses and considerDiplomystes chilensis,D. nahuelbutaensis,D. camposensis, andOlivaichthys viedmensis(Baker River) to be valid species. Another group, previously identified asDiplomystessp.,D. spec.,D. aff.chilensis, andD. cf.chilensisinhabiting rivers between Rapel and Itata Basins is given a new specific name (Diplomystes incognitus) and is diagnosed. An identification key to the Chilean species, including the new species, is presented. All specific diagnoses are based on external morphological characters, such as aspects of the skin, neuromast lines, and main lateral line, and position of the anus and urogenital pore, as well as certain osteological characters to facilitate the identification of these species that previously was based on many internal characters. Diplomystids below 150 mm standard length (SL) share a similar external morphology and body proportions that make identification difficult; however, specimens over 150 mm SL can be diagnosed by the position of the urogenital pore and anus, and a combination of external and internal morphological characters. According to current knowledge, diplomystid species have an allopatric distribution with each species apparently endemic to particular basins in continental Chile and one species (O. viedmensis) known only from one river in the Chilean Patagonia, but distributed extensively in southern Argentina.
FLOWERING IN PIGEONPEA IN KENYA: SENSITIVITY TO PHOTOPERIOD AND TEMPERATURE DURING PRE-FLOWERING DEVELOPMENT
Authors: ELLIS R. H. , SUMMERFIELD R. J. , OMANGA P. A. , QI A. , ROBERTS E. H. 
Published: July 2002

Plants of the photoperiod-sensitive, late-maturing pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) cv. KAT777 were grown in pots in modified field environments at Katumani, Kenya. They were transferred at different durations after emergence from natural short days
(SD, 12.6 h d−1) to artificially-extended long days (LD, 15.0 h d−1), and vice versa, under both ambient (19 °C) and warmer (26 °C) temperatures created beneath p
olythene enclosures. All plants at 19 °C flowered within 106–160 d after emergence whereas only those transferred from LD to SD flowered at 26 °C during the investigation (202 d). A well-defined photoperiod-insens
itive pre-inductive phase (a1) was detected after emergence; it lasted for 26 d at 19 °C but increased to 49 d at 26 °C. Thereafter, SD hastened and LD delayed progress to flowering until a third pha
se, the photoperiod-insensitive post-inductive phase (a3) of pre-flowering development. At 19 °C, a3 was 66 d while the duration of the inductive phase in SD (IS) was 25
d and in LD (IL) it was 72 d. Plants were also moved from ambient to warmer temperatures and vice versa within either SD or LD at different durations after emergence. In SD all plants flowered during the investigation (
250 d) whereas in LD only the plants transferred from the warmer to the ambient temperature regime flowered. During the initial stages of development plants were less sensitive to supra-optimal temperatures so that developmental progress from emerg
ence to first flowering was the same whether plants were held at warmer or ambient temperatures during the first 35 d from emergence. Furthermore, plants transferred from the ambient to the warmer temperature in SD at any time from 49 to 77
d from emergence flowered at similar times to those kept at ambient temperature from emergence. Since a1 = 26 d and a1 + IS = 51 d, we sugg
est that these results imply that exposure to supra-optimal temperature in SD during the latter 60% of the photoperiod-sensitive inductive phase (IS) of pre-flowering development delayed progress to flowering. In contrast, expos
ing plants to supra-optimal temperature during either the photoperiod-insensitive pre-inductive phase (a1) or part of the photoperiod-insensitive post-inductive phase (a3) or during the first 40% of the photo
period-sensitive inductive phase did not delay progress to flowering.
Homology and cohomology groups of commutative
Banach algebras and analytic polydiscs
Authors: Pugach L.
I. , White M.
C. 
Published: July 2002

In this paper we deduce the existence of analytic
structure in a neighbourhood of a maximal ideal M in the
spectrum of a commutative Banach algebra, A, from homological
assumptions. We assume properties of certain of the cohomology groups
H^n(A,A/M), rather than the stronger conditions on the
homological dimension of the maximal ideal the first author has considered in
previous papers. The conclusion is correspondingly weaker: in the previous work
one deduces the existence of a Gel'fand neighbourhood with analytic structure,
here we deduce only the existence of a metric neighbourhood with analytic
structure. The main method is to consider products of certain co-cycles to deduce
facts about the symmetric second cohomology, which is known to be related to the
deformation theory of algebras.1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. 46J20, 46M20.
Supplementation in groups
Authors: Kappe Luise-Charlotte , Kirtland Joseph 
Published: July 2002

In
this paper, groups are investigated in which all subgroups, all normal subgroups,
or all characteristic subgroups have a proper supplement. This supplement can be
either an arbitrary subgroup, a normal or a characteristic subgroup, resulting in
nine classes of groups. Properties of these classes are studied such as
containment and closure properties, and characterizations for several of these
classes are given.1991 Mathematics Subject Classification Primary 20E34, Secondary 20E15.
Reflective subcategories
Authors: Rada Juan , Saorín Manuel , del Valle Alberto 
Published: July 2002

Given a full subcategory
[Fscr ] of a category [Ascr ], the existence
of left [Fscr ]-approximations (or
[Fscr ]-preenvelopes) completing diagrams in a unique way is
equivalent to the fact that [Fscr ] is reflective in
[Ascr ], in the classical terminology of category
theory.In the first part of the paper we establish, for a rather general
[Ascr ], the relationship between reflectivity and covariant
finiteness of [Fscr ] in [Ascr ], and
generalize Freyd's adjoint functor theorem (for inclusion functors) to not
necessarily complete categories. Also, we study the good behaviour of reflections
with respect to direct limits. Most results in this part are dualizable, thus
providing corresponding versions for coreflective subcategories.In the
second half of the paper we give several examples of reflective subcategories of
abelian and module categories, mainly of subcategories of the form Copres
(M) and Add (M). The second case covers the
study of all covariantly finite, generalized Krull-Schmidt subcategories of
{\rm Mod}_{R}, and has some connections with the
“pure-semisimple conjecture”.1991 Mathematics Subject Classification 18A40, 16D90, 16E70.
LIBERALISM, NATIONALISM AND RACISM: AMBIVALENT SIGNATURES OF MODERNITY
Authors: WENDEHORST STEPHAN 
Published: July 2002

Nazism and German society. 1933–1945. Edited by

David F. Crew. (Rewriting Histories.)

London/New York: Routledge, 1994. Pp. xi + 316. £11.99.The Holocaust and the liberal imagination. A social and cultural

history. By Tony Kushner.

(Jewish Society and Culture.) Oxford/Cambridge: Blackwell, 1994. Pp.
xx + 366.

£14.99.The Zionist ideology. By Gideon Shimoni. (The Tauber

Institute for the Study of

European Jewry Series, 21.) Hanover/London: University Press of New
England for

Brandeis University Press, 1995. Pp. xvi + 506. £46.95.American Zionism from Herzl to the Holocaust. By Melvin I.

Urofsky. Lincoln/London:

University of Nebraska Press, 1995. Pp. xv + 538. $15.00.
Hydrogen sulphide emission from two large pig-finishing buildings with long-term high-frequency measurements
Authors: NI J.-Q. , HEBER A. J. , LIM T. T. , DIEHL C. A. , DUGGIRALA R. K. , HAYMORE B. L. 
Published: July 2002

Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is a common toxic air pollutant and is emitted from decomposing manure at animal facilities. However, there have been only a few studies of H2S emissions from animal buildings, especially those involving long-term, high-frequency measurements. In the current study, H2S emissions from two, 1000-head pig-finishing buildings in Illinois, USA, were monitored with a high-frequency measurement system for 6 months in 1997 during two, partial, pig-growth cycles. Air sample streams were continuously taken from the pit headspace, and the pit and wall fan exhaust air. Hydrogen sulphide concentration was measured at each location with H2S converters and sulphur dioxide (SO2) analysers during 16 or 24 sampling cycles per day, resulting in 4544 sampling cycles and 219 days of reliable data. Building ventilation rate was the summation of pit fan and wall fan airflow rates. Airflow rates of the underfloor manure pit fans were measured directly with full-size impeller anemometers or calculated from airflow/voltage relationships of the fans. Airflow rates of the wall fans were calculated from fan operation and differential static pressure data and fan performance curves. Mean H2S emission was 0·59 kg/day per building, 0·74 g/day per m2 of pit surface area, or 6·3 g/day per animal unit (AU = 500 kg animal weight). The determination of H2S emission per AU was restricted to 193 days when building occupancy was at least 700 pigs per building. Higher temperatures and building ventilation rates resulted in significantly higher H2S emissions per AU.
Representative Mann: Horace Mann, the Republican Experiment and the
South
Authors: GRANT SUSAN-MARY C. 
Published: July 2002

Northern reactions to the antebellum South can only be
fully understood
in the context of northern concerns for the future of the American
republican experiment, which was at base the search for an American
national identity. Central to antebellum concerns in this regard was the

issue of freedom in a nation which yet retained slave labour. In the
nineteenth century, the belief in freedom was, in Fred Somkin's words,

“the res Americana, the matter of America.” In the
decades preceding the
Civil War, however, North and South came to hold very different ideas of

what freedom meant, and what it entailed. In time, northern concerns
over slavery and the society that relied upon it found political expression

in what Eric Foner termed the “Republican critique of the South.”
This
critique was not focussed on slavery alone but on the South as a whole;

its society, culture, industry, and intellectual achievements. It was both
an
attack on the South and an affirmation of northern superiority.
Ultimately, it was a sectional message with national ambitions.
The “matter of America” became the matter of the North. How
this
happened, however, has never been adequately explained.This essay seeks to shed some light on the background to the
“Republican critique” by looking in particular at the career
of Horace
Mann of Massachusetts, specifically at his brief period in Congress
(1848–52) during which he adopted an increasingly confrontational
stand
toward slavery and the South.
Restriction fragment length polymorphisms at the ornithine
decarboxylase locus associated with milk protein yield in Holsteins
Authors: YAO JIANBO , AGGREY SAMUEL E. , ZADWORNY DAVID , KÜHNLEIN URS , HAYES J. FLAN 
Published: July 2002

Marker-assisted selection may provide the opportunity to make significant

genetic gains in the improvement of economically important traits in livestock

(Soller & Beckmann, 1983; Smith & Simpson, 1986). Implementation
of this
approach will first require identification of candidate genes or anonymous
gene
markers associated with the traits of interest. Candidate genes are those
with a
known relationship between physiological or biochemical processes and an

economically important trait. In dairy cattle, genes associated with mammary
gland
growth, development and function are excellent candidate genes for milk
production
traits.The polyamines are low molecular mass polycations that influence cell

proliferation and growth (Tabor & Tabor, 1984; Pegg, 1986). Ornithine
decarboxylase
(ODC, EC 4.1.1.17) catalyses the conversion of ornithine to putrescine,
the
rate-limiting step in polyamine biosynthesis (Pegg, 1986). The level of
ODC is
induced in quiescent cells exposed to a wide variety of stimuli such as
growth
hormone, corticosteroids, testosterone and growth factors (Tabor &
Tabor, 1984).
There is ample evidence that growth factors influence morphogenesis and

differentiation of the mammary gland (Imagawa et al. 1994). Trophic
hormones that
are associated with lactation, such as prolactin and growth hormone, are
also
required to induce differentiation of bovine mammary epithelial cells (Huynh
et al.
1991; Flint & Gardner, 1994), and both mitogenic and lactogenic effects
of prolactin,
insulin and hydrocortisone appear to be mediated through the polyamine
pathway
(Rillema et al. 1977; Bedford & Zadworny, 1990; Golden &

Rillema, 1993). Strange
et al. (1992) have shown that ODC is involved in synthesis of
a milk component; ODC
has elevated expression in the lactating mammary gland, which declines
sharply
after weaning. It is therefore possible that particular variants of ODC
could be
associated with increased mammary gland function and thus influence milk
related traits.The objectives of the present study were to estimate allelic frequencies
of ODC
polymorphisms in Holstein bulls and to evaluate further the genotypic effects
of
ODC variants on milk production traits.