bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Early Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss in Bimanual Microincision Cataract Surgery (MICS) in Comparison with Standard Phacoemulsification
Authors: Wilczynski M. , Drobniewski I. , Synder A. , Omulecki W. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To analyze early corneal endothelial cell loss due to microincision cataract surgery (MICS) in comparison with standard phacoemulsification through the temporal clear corneal incision. Methods The examined group consisted of a nonrandomized, consecutive prospective series of 20 eyes of 20 patients who underwent uneventful microincision cataract surgery. Twenty eyes of 20 patients who underwent standard phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation served as a reference group. Patients with corneal disorders, contact lens wear, previous intraocular surgery, and a history of ocular trauma were excluded from the study. Patients were examined preoperatively and 10 days postoperatively. The following items were evaluated in this study: corneal endothelial cell density, intraoperative phaco power, effective phaco time, as well as pre- and postoperative visual acuity. Corneal endothelial cell counts were done in the central part of the cornea using a non-contact Topcon SP 2000P specular microscope before and 10 days after the surgery. The measurements were performed in a semiautomated, masked manner. Statistical analysis was done using nonparametric tests (Wilcoxon signed-ranks test and Mann-Whitney U test). Results All patients in the study underwent uneventful surgery. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) examined 10 days postoperatively in the MICS group was 0.94±0.094, whereas in the standard phacoemulsification group it was 0.90±0.094. There was no significant difference between BCVA in the two groups (Mann Whitney U two-tailed test: p>0.05). In both groups there was a significant decrease in postoperative endothelial cell densities (ECDs) when compared to preoperative values. Mean postoperative ECDs were 2235±418 cells/mm2 in the MICS group and 2079±399 cells/mm2 in the standard phacoemulsification group; the difference was not statistically significant (Mann-Whitney U test: p>0.05). Patients in the MICS group lost an average of 9.5% of cells, whereas patients after standard phacoemulsification lost about 7.6% of cells. This difference was statistically insignificant. Conclusions Microincision cataract surgery induced corneal endothelial cell loss similar to a standard phacoemulsification and allowed excellent visual results in this series of patients. These results support the use of MICS technique for cataract surgery.
The Efficacy and Safety of Timolol Maleate versus Brinzolamide Each Given Twice Daily Added to Travoprost in Patients with Ocular Hypertension or Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Holló G. , Chiselita D. , Petkova N. , Cvenkel B. , Liehneova I. , Izgi B. , Berta A. , Szaflik J. , Turacli E. , Stewart W.C. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To compare the efficacy and safety of timolol maleate 0.5% versus brinzolamide 1% when added to travoprost 0.004% in patients with ocular hypertension or primary open-angle glaucoma. Design A prospective, double-masked, randomized, active-controlled, parallel comparison. Methods Qualified patients at Visit 1 were placed on travoprost dosed every evening for 4 weeks and then were randomized at baseline (Visit 2) to the addition of timolol maleate or brinzolamide each given twice daily. Patients returned to clinic at Week 4 (Visit 3) for a safety visit and Week 12 (Visit 4) for an efficacy visit. At Visits 2 and 4 the intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured at 08:00, 12:00, and 16:00 hours. Results Ninety-seven patients on brinzolamide had a baseline diurnal IOP of 21.5±2.2 mmHg and 95 on timolol maleate had 21.3±2.5 mmHg, each added to travoprost. The diurnal mean IOP at Week 12 was 18.1±2.7 mmHg for brinzolamide and 18.1±3.0 mmHg for timolol maleate (p=0.96). There was no statistical difference found between treatment groups in the absolute level of pressure, or in the reduction in IOP from baseline, at each time point or for the diurnal curve (p>0.05). There was no significant difference for any adverse event between groups (p>0.05), with the most common side effect being conjunctival hyperemia in 15/97 (16%) brinzolamide and 6/95 (6%) timolol treated patients (p=0.06). Conclusions This study showed that brinzolamide provides similar safety and efficacy compared to timolol maleate when added to travoprost.
Quality of Vision: A Consensus Building Initiative for a New Ophthalmologic Concept
Authors: Piermarocchi S. , Sartore M. , Bandello F. , Lanzetta P. , Brancato R. , Garattini L. , Lumbroso B. , Rispoli M. , Pece A. , Isola V. , Pulazzini A. , Menchini U. , Virgili G. , Tedeschi M. , Varano M. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose Many studies have addressed the quantification of visual acuity, and the conventional method of measuring it has so far demonstrated serious limitations. Vision testing requires new methods that can more precisely express the quality of vision as perceived by the patient. Methods This study employed the Delphi method of consensus building. Concepts associated with quality of vision (QoV) were identified by a board of experts and proposed to participating specialists in two subsequent questionnaires. Upon receipt of the completed questionnaires, the replies were classified to determine the building blocks of a consensus. Results By analyzing the replies to the two questionnaires, the authors determined the key elements of QoV on which a consensus was found among the respondents. Conclusions A consensus was reached on the opinion that the quantification of visual acuity by traditional means is inadequate for investigating QoV. Although visual acuity is still a basic element for testing, the experts believe that contrast sensitivity, reading speed, and microperimetry are additional parameters necessary for quantifying QoV. The use of a psychometric questionnaire on visual function could allow a better interpretation of visual impairment.
Controlling Blepharospasm Effect during Applanation Tonometry using the Volk SuperField Lid Lens Adapter
Authors: Mohammed B.R. , Perry S.R. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To describe a practical clinical technique that can be used to control the effect of blepharospasm during applanation tonometry. Methods The Volk Superfield NC Lid Lens Adapter is used to keep the eye open and prevent the squeezing effect of orbicularis oculi in blepharospasm. Results This helpful tool can be used when blepharospasm becomes a problem that interferes with accurate intraocular pressure measurement. Conclusions The technique is potentially useful and relatively easy to perform.
Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency in the Context of Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy
Authors: Mohammadpour M. , Javadi M.-A. , Karimian F. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report two sisters with bilateral progressive visual loss and photophobia secondary to stem cell deficiency due to multiple endocrine deficiency. Methods Case reports and review of medical literature. Results The younger sister had severe photophobia and decreased visual acuity since May 2000. Despite multiple outpatient visits no definite cause was found and conservative treatments failed. On slit lamp examination severe meibomian gland dysfunction, loss of eyelashes, decreased tear meniscus, diffuse corneal vascularization, and delayed punctate fluorescein staining of corneal epithelium were detected. She also had episodes of hypotension, oral candidiasis, and seizures. Her systemic workup revealed multiple endocrine deficiency (Addison's disease and hypoparathyroidism). Hormone replacement therapy with fludrocortisone and oral calcium accompanied by punctual occlusion led to significant clinical recovery. The older sister showed a similar pattern but interestingly the onset was later and the signs and symptoms were milder. Conclusions In the pediatric age group with diffuse corneal vascularization and no definite cause, systemic workup should be done to rule out multiple endocrine deficiencies. The therapy consists of hormone replacement therapy and management of dry eye.
Bilateral Primary Choroidal Melanoma Treated with Bilateral Plaque Radiotherapy: A Report of Three Cases
Authors: Shields L. , Furuta M. , Uysal Y. , Shields J.A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report three cases of bilateral primary choroidal melanoma treated with bilateral plaque radiotherapy. Methods Retrospective, single-center case series. Results Case 1: In 1981, a 50-year-old man was diagnosed with a 5-mm-thick choroidal melanoma in the right eye (OD) and treated with plaque radiotherapy. In 1994, a 6.8-mm-thick choroidal melanoma in the left eye (OS) was treated with plaque radiotherapy. Final visual acuity was light perception OD and 20/20 OS at 24 years follow-up. Case 2: In 1983, a 53-year-old woman was diagnosed with a 3.5-mm-thick choroidal melanoma OS and treated with plaque radiotherapy. In 2001, an enlarging 2.5-mm-thick choroidal melanoma OD was treated with plaque radiotherapy. Final visual acuity was 20/30 OD and 20/20 OS at 22 years follow-up. Case 3: In 2001, a 92-year-old man was diagnosed with a 7.9-mm-thick choroidal melanoma OD treated with plaque radiotherapy. In 2003, an enlarging 2.8-mm-thick juxtapapillary choroidal melanoma was treated with plaque radiotherapy. Final visual acuity was 20/70 OD and 20/60 OS at 2.5 years follow-up. No patient showed ocular melanocytosis. Stable tumor regression was achieved in all six eyes. Metastatic disease did not develop in any case over 16 years of follow-up. Conclusions Monitoring of both eyes of patients with uveal melanoma is important for the remote possibility of melanoma in the second eye. In these three patients, plaque radiotherapy allowed for preservation of the globes and some vision.
Sympathetic Ophthalmia after successful Retinal Reattachment Surgery with Vitrectomy
Authors: Abu El-Asrar A.M. , Al Kuraya H. , Al-Ghamdi A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report a case of sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) following one successful pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Methods Case report. Results A 50-year-old man developed SO 5 weeks after successful repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with PPV and intraocular gas tamponade. The patient presented with bilateral multifocal exudative retinal detachments and inflamed optic nerve with characteristic changes of SO detected by fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, and optical coherence tomography. Prompt use of systemic steroids and cyclosporin A resulted in control of the uveitis with significant visual improvement. Conclusions PPV should be viewed as a major risk factor for development of SO.
Dry Eye after Lasik for Myopia: Incidence and Risk Factors
Authors: Shoja M.R. , Besharati M.R. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose Patients frequently experience dry eye symptoms after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of dry eye after myopic LASIK. Methods In this retrospective case series 190 eyes that underwent LASIK were examined for a dry eye syndrome. All patents were asymptomatic for dry eyes before surgery. Assessments included subjective complaints of dry eye, tear break-up time (TBUT), corneal staining, corneal sensitivity test, and Schirmer I test. All values were compared before and at 1 week and 1.3 and 6 months after surgery. Results For the 190 eyes, chronic dry eye persisting 6 months or more after LASIK was diagnosed in 20 percent of the eyes. Mean patient age was 31 ± 8 years. The risk for chronic dry eye was significantly associated with higher attempted refractive correction, greater ablation depth, and female sex (p=0.001). Subjective score for dryness was increased after LASIK. The greatest change from preoperative levels for all parameters was noted at 1 week. There were obvious decreases in TBUT and Schirmer value at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively relative to preoperative level (p<0.05). The Schirmer I test result was higher at 1 day but without statistical significance (p>0.05), but lower at 1 week and 3 and 6 months (p<0.05) after LASIK. Corneal sensitivity was decreased at 1 month and 3 months, and returned to the preoperative level at 6 months after LASIK. There was a statistically significant effect of age, sex, and mean spherical equivalent refraction on corneal sensitivity (p<0.001). Conclusions Patients undergoing LASIK for myopia develop dry eye with compromised tear function at least 6 months after surgery. Women and patients requiring higher refractive correction have an increased risk for developing dry eye. (Eur J Ophthalmol 2007; 17: 1–6)
Amniotic Membrane Transplantation for Painful Bullous Keratopathy
Authors: Srinivas S. , Mavrikakis E. , Jenkins C. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To establish the effectiveness of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) in relieving pain and discomfort in patients with painful bullous keratopathy and also its role in improving vision in eyes with visual potential. Methods Seven eyes of seven consecutive patients with painful corneal conditions were included in a retrospective interventional noncomparative case series performed at Maidstone General hospital, Maidstone, UK. Amniotic membrane transplantation was performed in seven eyes. Pain relief, epithelial healing, and visual changes were evaluated. Pain relief and freedom from discomfort were considered for the success of the surgery. Results The mean follow-up was 26.57 weeks (range 11 to 53 weeks). Pain relief was achieved in all seven (100%) eyes. Associated symptoms including foreign body sensation, photophobia, and tearing subsided significantly in all patients starting soon after the first postoperative day. Vision improved in 5 (71.42%) patients. Conclusions AMT is an effective alternative for the management of patients with painful bullous keratopathy. Besides pain relief and reduction of ocular inflammation it remains unclear whether this procedure can also be used to improve vision in eyes with visual potential. (Eur J Ophthalmol 2007; 17: 7–10)
Outcomes of Acute Postoperative Inflammation after Cataract Surgery
Authors: Mohammadpour M. , Jafarinasab M.R. , Javadi M.A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To determine characteristics and final visual and surgical outcomes of patients who experienced early onset postoperative inflammation after cataract surgery and their early and late complications. Methods This is a prospective case series of 126 patients out of 1500 cases who underwent cataract surgery and experienced early onset postoperative inflammation during the first 2 weeks after cataract surgery. All the patients received complete ocular examinations at onset of signs and symptoms of inflammation. A total of 110 patients with follow-up examinations between 3 and 30 months after recovery of early onset postoperative inflammation (mean follow-up 11.6 months) were enrolled in the next part of the study to evaluate the final visual and surgical outcomes. Background systemic and ocular diseases, type of surgery, type of intraocular lenses and viscoelastic agent, early and late complications, and final best-corrected visual acuity were studied. Results Among 1500 patients, 126 cases (8.4%) had early onset postoperative inflammation, 64 cases (50.7%) were male, and 62 cases (49.3%) were female. Early complications were posterior synechia in 9 cases (7.1%), pupillary block in 2 cases (1.5%), and acute rise of intraocular pressure in 6 cases (4.7%). Late complications consisted of posterior capsular opacity in 38 cases (34.5%) and cystoid macular edema in 4 cases (3.2%). Peak of signs and symptoms of inflammation was during 2 weeks after surgery and all patients responded well to topical steroids. Final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/30 and better in 76 cases (69%), between 20/40 and 20/80 in 24 cases (22%), and less than 20/80 in 10 cases (9%). All cases with BCVA less than 20/80 had ocular diseases like choroidal neovascularization scar or age-related macular degeneration, advanced glaucoma, or corneal opacity. Conclusions Early onset postoperative inflammation causes pain, decreased vision, and patient anxiety in the acute phase but neither decreases final visual acuity nor has any significant or permanent ocular sequels. (Eur J Ophthalmol 2007; 17: 20–8)
Effects of Topical Dorzolamide on IOP after Phacoemulsification with Different Types of Ophthalmic Viscosurgical Devices
Authors: Kocak altintas A.G. , Anayol M.A. , Cakmak H.B. , Simsek S. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To evaluate the effect of topical dorzolamide on postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) after routine phacoemulsification surgery with different type of ophthalmic viscosurgical device (OVD). Methods Patients who were scheduled for phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation were evenly divided into four groups. Group I (83 eyes) received one drop of topical dorzolamide immediately after surgery and 1.4% NaHa (BD Visc®) was used as a cohesive OVD during IOL implantation. Group II (83 eyes) did not receive any topical antiglaucoma medication after operation and 1.4% NaHa was used as a cohesive OVD. Group III (83 eyes) received topical dorzolamide and 1% NaHa (Healon®) was used, and Group IV (83 eyes) did not receive any topical and 1% NaHa was used in operation. Mean postoperative IOPs were compared between groups. Results Eyes with 1.4% NaHa usage (18.2±9.2 mmHg) had higher mean postoperative IOPs than eyes with 1% NaHa usage (15.5±5.3 mmHg) (p=0.002). Mean postoperative IOPs were lower in eyes with dorzolamide application (15.6±7.2 mmHg) than in eyes without any medication (18.1±8.5 mmHg) both in eyes with 1.4% NaHa and 1% NaHa usage (p=0.003). Dorzolamide application caused an average 2.5 mmHg decrease in mean postoperative IOPs in both groups. Conclusions Effects of OVDs on IOP rises after phacoemulsification surgery are closely related to their molecular structure. Increase in viscosity rendered higher postoperative IOP increments. However, topical dorzolamide application effectively reduced postoperative IOP increments in eyes with both Healon® and BD Visc® use. (Eur J Ophthalmol 2007; 17: 38–44)
A Double-Masked, Randomized, Parallel Comparison of a Fixed Combination of Bimatoprost 0.03%/Timolol 0.5% with Non-Fixed Combination use in Patients with Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension
Authors: Hommer A. ,   Ganfort® Investigators Group I, Boone W. Benton , Branch James D. , Brigatti Luca , Christie William C. , Clifford William S. , Cooke David L. , Corwin Joel , Davitt William F. , Burns Jason , Digby Donald , DiS-clafani Mark , Dorner Martin , Hommer Anton , Katzman Barry , Koch-Schweitzer Hartwig , Krupin Theodore , Latina Mark A. , Lederer Charles , Leopold Martin R. , Lesk Mark , Mansouri Arash , Manusow David , Murphy Paul , Ochsner Katherine , Otto Peter , Pfeiffer Norbert , Piemontesi Roberto , Protzko Eugene , Air Bel , Rubin Rubin , Rybiczka Roman , Scholzel Son-ja , Sonty Sriram , Stewart Robert H. , Tauber Joseph , Walters Thomas R. , Batoosingh Amy L. , Bossowska Izabella , Chou Connie , Ingram Alison , Novack Gary D. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To compare the safety and efficacy of the fixed combination product with nonfixed combination use of the same active ingredients in separate bottles (bimatoprost oncedaily [qd], and timolol twice-daily [bid]). A bimatoprost 0.03% qd treatment arm was used for validation of the study. Methods This was a double-masked, randomized, parallel study in 445 patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. They were randomized in a ratio of 2:2:1 to receive bilateral treatment with the fixed combination, non-fixed combination treatment, or bimatoprost alone. Results Comparing the fixed combination and non-fixed combination, the non-inferiority margin of 1.5 mmHg was met at all three timepoints for mean intraocular pressure (IOP), and a margin of 1.0 mmHg for mean diurnal IOP. The incidence of conjunctival hyperemia was statistically significantly lower (p=0.014) in the fixed combination group (8.5%, 15/176) compared with the bimatoprost group (18.9%, 17/90) and the non-fixed combination group (12.5%, 22/176). Conclusions The fixed combination of bimatoprost 0.03%/timolol 0.5% administered once daily was comparable in ocular hypotensive efficacy to the non-fixed combination. The lower propensity of the fixed combination to elicit conjunctival hyperemia suggests a superior comparative benefit/risk assessment of the fixed combination in the treatment of elevated IOP. (Eur J Ophthalmol 2007; 17: 53–62)
Long-Term Follow-up of Tacrolimus Treatment in Immune Posterior Uveitis
Authors: Figueroa M.S. , Ciancas E. , Orte L. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To study the efficacy of tacrolimus in immune posterior uveitis. Methods Twenty-one eyes of 11 patients with immune posterior uveitis under tacrolimus treatment were prospectively followed for 1 to 5 years. Tacrolimus dosage was adjusted to maintain blood levels in the range of 7 to 10 ng/mL. Systemic and ophthalmic evaluations were performed at baseline and during follow-up. Results After a mean follow-up of 45 months, no treatment other than tacrolimus was necessary to control the inflammation in 6 cases (54.5%). The number of annual recurrences decreased from 3.2 to 1.29 during tacrolimus treatment (p=0.021). In four patients, tacrolimus was suspended after a treatment period of 27±3.5 months and a follow-up period of 12 months free of uveitis relapses. All four were free from relapses following tacrolimus withdrawal. Visual acuity remained unchanged in 16/21 (76%) eyes, deteriorated in 4/21 (19%), and improved in 1/21 (5%). Renal function transiently deteriorated in four patients from basal serum creatinine levels of 0.84, 1.1, 0.88, and 0.78 mg/dL to maximum levels of 1.33, 2.48, 1.38, and 1.39 mg/dL, respectively. This deterioration was directly related with elevated tacrolimus serum levels, returning to normal when doses were reduced. During the overall controlled evolution period, a slight increase of serum creatinine from a basal value of 0.89±0.2 mg/dL to a final of 1±0.19 mg/dL was detected, which was not statistically significant. All secondary effects were mild, transient, and did not require interruption of long-term treatment to be controlled. Conclusions Tacrolimus was well tolerated and useful in controlling posterior immune uveitis. Tacrolimus could be considered a real alternative to cyclosporine, and not only in cases of cyclosporine resistance or toxicity. (Eur J Ophthalmol 2007; 17: 69–74)