bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awareness and perception of consumers regarding food labels on packaged foods with special emphasis on front of package labels
Authors: Patil Purva D. , Kulkarni Meenal V. , Saoji Ajeet V. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The purpose of food labeling is to tell consumers about important information–nutritional facts and ingredients of the food they purchase. Nowadays, noncommunicable diseases cause high morbidity as well as mortality. Awareness regarding food labels helps consumers make healthy food choices which result on the prevention of noncommunicable diseases. A number of front of package labeling systems have arisen during the past 10 years with the goal to improve the effectiveness of nutritional labeling.

Objectives:
1) To find out the attitude and practices of consumers regarding food labels on packaged foods 2) To study the perception about different types of front of package labels (FOPL).

Methods:
Following institutional ethics committee approval, a semistructured, pretested, and prevalidated questionnaire was used to collect data by circulating as Google Forms. Besides sociodemographic information, it also covered consumers’ attitudes and practices regarding food labels on packaged foods. Data was then analyzed using EPI INFO software.

Result:
85.4% of the participants consumed packaged food. Although 70.3% read the food labels, only 58.5% read nutritional information on labels. Thirty-one percent have not noticed any of the given labels on the front of the package. 89.6% of respondents agreed that labels on the front of a package convey nutritional information in a better manner. 72.8% of participants were alerted by warning labels.

Conclusion:
The practice of reading nutritional labels on packaged foods and awareness regarding FOPL was found to be low. There is a need to increase awareness regarding nutritional labels among Consumers.
Evaluation of antihypertensive drugs use in a tertiary hospital setting – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Buchineni Madhavulu , Reddy Jeevimani V. S. , Saritha M. , Souris Kondavedti , Neeraja Pothula , Kudagi B. L. , Chandra Vurimi B. , Nelavala Anjani D. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Hypertension, a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, significantly impacts life expectancy. Managing antihypertensive medications effectively is critical in this context.

Aim:
To analyze prescription patterns of antihypertensive drugs.

Method:
This cross-sectional study, spanning six months within the Department of General Medicine, investigated physicians’ prescribed treatment regimens.

Results:
Most patients fall within the 51–60 age group (35.56%). Notably, males represent the majority demographic (68.15%). Among comorbidities, diabetes mellitus emerged as the most prevalent (51.85%), followed by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (22.22%). Monotherapy dominated (68.15%), with amlodipine reigning as the most prescribed single medication. Combination therapy was utilized in 31.85% of cases, with amlodipine again playing a prominent role.

Conclusion:
All prescribed regimens were deemed rational. Amlodipine emerged as the most commonly prescribed monotherapy medication, while combination therapy targeted patients with more complex hypertension cases. Interestingly, amlodipine remained the most frequent drug even within combination regimens.
Role of magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of perianal fistulas
Authors: Narra Ramakrishna , Janam Revanth , Kamaraju Suseel K. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The term “fistula in ano” refers to an aberrant track connecting the anal canal with the perineum and is one of the common anorectal disorders.[1] It is a common disorder that affects both men and women with male predominance and can cause substantial discomfort and pain. Therefore the effective management of a perianal fistula is crucial to avoid complications, including abscess development, incontinence, and recurrence. Identification of the fistula’s internal opening, the primary source of cryptoglandular infection, the path of the primary track, and the location of any secondary tracks or abscesses are all crucial for effective fistula care.MRI(Magnetic resonance imaging) of the pelvis is the preferred imaging modality to detect and evaluate perianal fistulas due to its high spatial resolution and multiplanar capabilities, which provide exquisite details of the pelvis.
The Role of Combined Treatment of Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor and Oestrogen in Treatment of Thin Endometrium: A Rat Model
Authors: Kahyaoglu Inci , Kaplanoglu Gülnur Take , Erol Gökçe Nur Arik , Kahyaoglu Serkan 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Thin endometrium, described as endometrial thickness below 7 mm on embryo transfer day in assisted reproduction cycles, is associated with decreased pregnancy rates. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and oestrogen (E) are two medications used for treatment.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to demonstrate the effect of combined G-CSF+E treatment on thin endometrium in a rat model.

Settings and Design:
Gazi University Laboratory Animals Breeding and Experimental Researchers Center provided the veterinary care.

Materials and Methods:
Forty-eight female rats were divided into 8 groups (6 rats/group). Groups were named as group 1: control, group 2: control that received G-CSF, group 3: control that received E, group 4: control that received G-CSF+E, group 5: thin endometrium model, group 6: thin endometrium model that received G-CSF, group 7: thin endometrium model that received E and group 8: thin endometrium model that received G-CSF+E. Twelve days after the establishment of thin endometrium model, G-CSF and/or E treatment was started and continued for 5 days according to the groups. Tissue specimens were collected at the end of the treatment period. Proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis were evaluated.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance and Tamhane post hoc test.

Results:
Significant increase in uterine wall and endometrial thickness was detected in the thin endometrium + G-CSF group when compared to the thin endometrium group. G-CSF was demonstrated to cause an extensive proliferative response and induction of angiogenesis in thin endometrium without restoration of endometrial glands. E alone restored thin endometrium to almost normal histology. Morphological changes representing the dominant effects of G-CSF were observed in thin endometrium model receiving G-CSF+E.

Conclusion:
G-CSF+E is not an effective treatment modality in thin endometrium rat model.
Does Serum Estradiol Prior to Progesterone Administration in Programmed Frozen Embryo Transfer Cycle Impacts Live Birth Rate: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Singh Neeta , Saisree Bakkireddy , Malhotra Neena , Kumari Supriya , Mahey Reeta , Nisha  , Saini Monika 
Published: September 2024

Background:
There is a paucity of data on the optimal threshold of oestradiol (E2) levels required for successful implantation as this is a valid question to be answered, considering that significant number of in vitro fertilisation cycles are deferred for FET cycles.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to investigate the serum E2 levels before starting exogenous progesterone in artificial autologous frozen thawed embryo transfers on pregnancy outcomes.

Settings and Design:
This was a cohort study wherein clinical data of 213 artificial autologous programmed hormone-regulated frozen embryo transfer (HR-FET) cycles were collected.

Materials and Methods:
The HR-FET cycles were divided into three groups based on the E2 levels before starting progesterone: Group A: E2 ≤300 pg/mL, Group B: E2 301–500 pg/mL and Group C: E2 >500 pg/mL. After adequate endometrial stripe was appreciated by transvaginal ultrasonography, single blastocyst transfer was performed in all the cycles.

Statistical Analysis Used and Results:
The clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) in Groups A, B and C were 41.8%, 73.5% and 0.95%, respectively (P = 0.0001). The live birth rate (LBR) in Groups A, B and C was 18.1%, 62.2% and 0%, respectively (P = 0.0001). The miscarriage rate (MR) was significantly lower (15.3%) when E2 was between 301 and 500 pg/mL (P = 0.001). At both the extremes of serum E2 values, the rate of miscarriage increased. If serum E2 levels were ≤300 pg/mL or >500 pg/mL, the rate of miscarriage was 56.5% and 100%, respectively.

Conclusion:
Serum E2 levels in the range of 301–500 pg/mL before starting progesterone in programmed FET cycle are associated with an improved CPR and LBR and also decreased MR as compared to the extreme values of E2 ≤300 pg/mL or >500 pg/mL.
Clinical significance of peri-appendiceal abscess and phlegmon in acute complicated appendicitis patients undergoing emergency appendectomy
Authors: Min Ling-Qiang , Lu Jing , He Hong-Yong 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
Although antibiotic therapy has become the primary treatment for acute uncomplicated appendicitis, the management of acute complicated appendicitis necessitates careful consideration of various treatment options.
AIM
To analyze the clinical data of patients who underwent emergency appendectomy for acute complicated appendicitis with peri-appendiceal abscess or phlegmon, identify factors influencing the postoperative length of hospital stay (LOS), and improve treatment strategies.
METHODS
The clinical data of acute complicated appendicitis patients with peri-appendiceal abscess or phlegmon who underwent emergency appendectomy at The Department of Emergency Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from January 2016 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.
RESULTS
A total of 234 patients were included in our study. The duration of symptoms and the presence of an appendicolith were significantly correlated with the occurrence of peri-appendiceal abscess in patients with acute complicated appendicitis (P < 0.001 and P = 0.015, respectively). Patients with symptoms lasting longer than 72 h had a significantly longer postoperative LOS compared to those with symptoms lasting 72 h or less [hazard ratio (HR), 1.208; 95%CI: 1.107-1.319; P < 0.001]. Additionally, patients with peri-appendiceal abscesses had a significantly longer postoperative LOS compared to those with phlegmon (HR, 1.217; 95%CI: 1.095-1.352; P < 0.001). The patients with peri-appendiceal abscesses were divided into two groups based on the median size of the abscess: Those with abscesses smaller than 5.0 cm (n = 69) and those with abscesses 5.0 cm or larger (n = 82). Patients with peri-appendiceal abscesses measuring 5.0 cm or larger had a significantly longer postoperative LOS than those with abscesses smaller than 5.0 cm (P = 0.038).
CONCLUSION
The duration of symptoms and the presence of an appendicolith are significant risk factors for the formation of peri-appendiceal abscesses in patients with acute complicated appendicitis. Patients with peri-appendiceal abscesses experience a significantly longer postoperative LOS compared to those with peri-appendiceal phlegmon.
Postoperative serum tumor markers-based nomogram predicting early recurrence for patients undergoing radical resections of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: He Hang , Zou Cai-Feng , Yang Feng , Di Yang , Jin Chen , Fu De-Liang 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
Early recurrence (ER) is associated with dismal outcomes in patients undergoing radical resection for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Approaches for predicting ER will help clinicians in implementing individualized adjuvant therapies. Postoperative serum tumor markers (STMs) are indicators of tumor progression and may improve current systems for predicting ER.
AIM
To establish an improved nomogram based on postoperative STMs to predict ER in PDAC.
METHODS
We retrospectively enrolled 282 patients who underwent radical resection for PDAC at our institute between 2019 and 2021. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses of variables with or without postoperative STMs, were performed to identify independent risk factors for ER. A nomogram was constructed based on the independent postoperative STMs. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the area under the curve (AUC) of the nomogram. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier survival plot and log-rank test.
RESULTS
Postoperative carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen levels, preoperative carbohydrate antigen 125 levels, perineural invasion, and pTNM stage III were independent risk factors for ER in PDAC. The postoperative STMs-based nomogram (AUC: 0.774, 95%CI: 0.713-0.835) had superior accuracy in predicting ER compared with the nomogram without postoperative STMs (AUC: 0.688, 95%CI: 0.625-0.750) (P = 0.016). Patients with a recurrence nomogram score (RNS) > 1.56 were at high risk for ER, and had significantly poorer recurrence-free survival [median: 3.08 months, interquartile range (IQR): 1.80-8.15] than those with RNS ≤ 1.56 (14.00 months, IQR: 6.67-24.80), P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
The postoperative STMs-based nomogram improves the predictive accuracy of ER in PDAC, stratifies the risk of ER, and identifies patients at high risk of ER for tailored adjuvant therapies.
Massive simultaneous hepatic and renal perivascular epithelioid cell tumor benefitted from surgery and everolimus treatment: A case report
Authors: Yang Han-Teng , Wang Fu-Rong , He Na , She Yuan-Hua , Du Yong-Yue , Shi Wen-Gui , Yang Jing , Chen Gang , Zhang Shu-Ze , Cui Feng , Long Bo , Yu Ze-Yuan , Zhu Jun-Min , Zhang Geng-Yuan 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that predominantly affects the kidney and uterus. The occurrence of this tumor in the liver, particularly with simultaneous involvement of the liver and kidney, is exceedingly uncommon. Pathological diagnosis is the gold standard. PEComas usually show positive immunohistochemical staining for melanocytic (HMB-45, Melan-A) and myoid (SMA, muscle-specific actin) markers.
CASE SUMMARY
We presented a noteworthy case of malignant PEComa affecting both the liver and kidney in a 53-year-old man with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). FAT2 and TP73 mutations in the kidney were identified and positive expression of diagnostic markers including HMB-45, Melan A, and TFE3 were detected. In addition, we demonstrated that hepatic artery perfusion chemotherapy was ineffective for hepatic PEComa, while surgery remained the most effective approach. Everolimus showed an excellent efficacy in the postoperative treatment of the tumor.
CONCLUSION
Surgical treatment is preferred for malignant PEComa affecting liver and kidney, especially with TSC; everolimus is effective postoperatively.
Leukopenia-a rare complication secondary to invasive liver abscess syndrome in a patient with diabetes mellitus: A case report
Authors: Niu Chun-Yan , Yao Bang-Tao , Tao Hua-Yi , Peng Xin-Gui , Zhang Qing-Hua , Chen Yue , Liu Lu 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
Thrombocytopenia is a common complication of invasive liver abscess syndrome (ILAS) by Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae ) infection, which indicates severe infection and a poor prognosis. However, the presence of leukopenia is rare. There are rare reports on leukopenia and its clinical significance for ILAS, and there is currently no recognized treatment plan. Early and broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy may be an effective therapy for treating ILAS and improving its prognosis.
CASE SUMMARY
A 55-year-old male patient who developed fever, chills, and abdominal distension without an obvious cause presented to the hospital for treatment. Laboratory tests revealed thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and multiple organ dysfunction. Imaging examinations revealed an abscess in the right lobe of the liver and thrombophlebitis, and K. pneumoniae was detected in the blood cultures. Since the patient was diabetic and had multi-system involvement, he was diagnosed with ILAS accompanied by leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. After antibiotic treatment and systemic supportive therapy, the symptoms disappeared, and the patient’s condition almost completely resolved.
CONCLUSION
Leukopenia is a rare complication of ILAS, which serves as an indicator of adverse prognostic outcomes and the severity of infection.
Acute gastric volvulus combined with pneumatosis coli rupture misdiagnosed as gastric volvulus with perforation: A case report
Authors: Zhang Qi , Xu Xiu-Juan , Ma Jun , Huang Hai-Ying , Zhang Ya-Ming 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
Acute gastric volvulus represents a rare form of surgical acute abdomen, which makes it difficult to establish an early diagnosis. As the disease progresses, it can lead to gastric ischemia, necrosis, and other serious complications.
CASE SUMMARY
This paper reports a 67-year-old female patient with a history of abdominal distension and retching for 1 day. After admission, a prompt and thorough examination was performed to confirm the diagnosis of acute gastric volvulus. Notably, the patient had free air in the abdominal cavity. The first consideration was gastric volvulus with gastric perforation, but the patient had no complaints, such as abdominal pain or signs of peritoneal irritation in the abdomen, and imaging examination revealed no abdominal pelvic effusion. Following endoscopic reduction, the abdominal organs, such as the stomach and spleen, returned to their normal anatomical positions, and the free intraperitoneal air disappeared, suggesting a rare case of acute gastric torsion. The source of free air within the abdominal cavity warrants careful consideration and discussion. Combined with the findings from computed tomography, these findings are hypothesized to be associated with the rupture of colonic air cysts.
CONCLUSION
Patients with gastric torsion combined with free gas in the abdominal cavity should consider nongastrointestinal perforation factors to avoid misdiagnosis.
Analisis Biaya dan Waktu pada Proyek Pembangunan Dermaga di Tuban dengan Metode Earned Value Analysis
Authors: Yoedianto Meidijas , Hidayat Sutanto , Ratna Winanda Lila Ayu 
Published: September 2024

Pembangunan suatu proyek harus memperhatikan biaya, mutu dan waktu pelaksanaan. Perencanaan dan pengendalian perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan proyek. Kondisi proyek pembangunan dermaga di Tuban sebagai objek penelitian, mengalami keterlambatan. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk memberikan hasil analisa biaya dan waktunya. Salah satu metodenya adalah Earned Value Analysis (EVA). Status proyek bisa diidentifikasi lebih awal dan akurat dengan EVA, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai dasar perbaikan kondisi proyek dengan menghitung tiga indikator, yaitu Planned Value, Earned Value dan Actual Cost. Analisis tersebut digunakan pada penelitian ini. Prosedur penelitian dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan, merangkum dan menganalisis data. Data-data yang dibutuhkan yaitu rencana anggaran biaya, time schedule, laporan progress mingguan proyek dan biaya aktual mingguan. Pemrosesan data-data tersebut menghasilkan nilai perencanaan (PV), nilai hasil (EV) dan nilai aktual (AC). Analisis penelitian ini memperoleh hasil indeks kinerja biaya, CPI, sampai minggu ke 29 di bawah 1, berarti mengalami cost overrun, minggu ke 30 sampai minggu ke-49 di atas 1, berarti cost underrun. Minggu ke-49 bernilai 1,11. Indeks kinerja waktu, SPI, sampai dengan minggu ke-19 di atas 1, berarti mengalami percepatan, minggu ke-20 sampai ke-49 di bawah 1, berarti mengalami keterlambatan. Minggu ke-49 bernilai 0,81. Dengan total kontrak Rp. 10.403.914.724 dan CPI 1,11, maka diharapkan proyek dapat diselesaikan dengan sisa biaya sejumlah Rp. 2.047.216.930 saja. Penelitian dilakukan pada minggu ke-49, dari jadwal rencana proyek selama 54 minggu. Dengan asumsi perubahan kinerja proyek tetap, maka diharapkan proyek akan selesai dalam waktu 62 minggu, berarti memerlukan penambahan waktu selama 8 minggu dari kontrak awal.
Impact of AI on Education: A Review
Authors: Dr. Deshpande A.S  , Dr. Mahajan S.R.  , Dr. Kulkarni S.B  , Prof Puri S.A  
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on education. The scope of the study is limited to the application and effects of AI in administration, instruction, and learning. Artificial intelligence is a field of study and the resulting innovations and developments that have revolutionized in the field computers, machines, and other artifacts having human-like intelligence characterized by cognitive capabilities, learning abilities, adaptability and decision-making skills. The study assures that AI has extensively been adopted and used in education, particularly by education institutions, in different forms. AI initially took the form of computer and computer related technologies. Afterward transitioned into to web-based and online intelligent education systems. Now in this era with the use of computer systems embedded with other technologies, the use of human alike robots and chatbots to perform educator’s duties and functions independently or with the help of educators. Using these platforms, educator facilitators have been able to perform different administrative functions, such as reviewing and grading students’ assignments more effectively and efficiently, and achieve higher quality in their teaching activities. On the other side, because the systems imparting machine learning and adaptability, curriculum and content has been customized and personalized according to the needs of students, which has developed awareness and retention, thereby improving learners interactive learning experience and overall quality of learning.
Efficiency of technological processes of use of hydrogen in machinery and motor vehicles
Authors: Shabanov A. V. , Dunin A. Yu. , Shatrov M. G. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction (problem statement and relevance). The article reviews directions of improvement of transport power plants and internal combustion engines (ICE) when using hydrogen gas generators.The purpose of the study is to analyze various methods of storage of hydrogen to use it in motor vehicle or transport power plants implemented in machinery and in motor vehicles, as well as to analyze directions of development of hydrogen gas generators usage.Methodology and research methods. Analysis of information about production and use of hydrogen as a promising fuel for motor vehicles. Assessment of efficiency of methods of hydrogen generation from ammonia, by the method of steam reforming and by means of methane thermal pyrolysis.Results. The accomplished analysis of the methods of hydrogen storage and application in various fields of machinery has shown that use of hydrogen as part of synthesis gas opens up additional opportunities in improvement of power plant characteristics and energy efficiency of its application. The prospectivity of ammonia as a hydrogen energy carrier for thermal generators is shown. The calculations conducted have shown that thermal expenditure of energy for hydrogen generation from its combustion in the ICE amounts to 10.7%.Practical significance. Generation of hydrogen from ammonia with its subsequent supply to the ICE combustion chamber ensures high efficiency of the diesel operation process. Meanwhile, the availability of ammonia in-vehicle simplifies the organization of the catalytic process of selective reduction of NOx in the diesel engine to the ecologically safe level.