bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AdmixPower: Statistical Power and Sample Size Estimation for Mapping Genetic Loci in Admixed Populations
Authors: Gautam Yadu , Altaye Mekibib , Xie Changchun , Mersha Tesfaye B 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Admixed populations result from recent admixture of two or more ancestral populations with divergent allele frequencies. The genome of each admixed individual is a mosaic of haplotypes inherited from the ancestral populations. Despite the substantial work to assess power and sample size requirements for association mapping in genetically homogeneous populations of European ancestry, power and sample size estimation methods for mapping genes in genetically heterogeneous admixed populations such as African Americans are lacking. Admixture mapping is a method that traces the ancestral origin of disease-susceptibility genetic loci in the admixed population. We developed AdmixPower, a freely available tool set based on the open-source R software, to perform power and sample size analysis for genetically heterogeneous admixed populations considering continuous or dichotomous outcomes with a case-only or case-control study design. AdmixPower can be used to compute the sample size required to achieve investigator-specified statistical power under several key parameters including ancestry odds ratio, genotype risk ratio, parental risk ratio, an underlying genetic risk model, trait type, and admixture model (hybrid-isolation or continuous gene flow model). We demonstrate that differences in the key parameters in the admixed population results in substantial differences in the sample size required to achieve adequate power in admixture mapping studies. Our tool provides a resource for researchers to develop a strategy to minimize cost and maximize the success of identifying disease-susceptibility loci in an admixed population. R code used in the sample size and power analysis is freely available from https://research.cchmc.org/mershalab/Tools.html.
Vibrations of fractional half- and single-degree of freedom systems
Authors: Ciaschetti Valentina , Elishakoff Isaac , Marzani Alessandro 
Published: September 2017

In this paper we study vibrations of fractional oscillators by two methods: the triangular strip matrix approach, based on the Grunwald-Letnikov discretization of the fractional term, and the state variable analysis, which is suitable for systems with fractional derivatives of rational order. Some examples are solved in order to compare the two approaches and to conduct comparison with benchmark problems.
Characterization Microencapsul Pepton from Spoiled By Catch Fish Using Spray Drying Methods
Authors: Barokah Giri Rohmad , Ibrahim Bustami , Nurhayati Tati 
Published: September 2017

Spoiled by catch fish is one of catch produce that have low economic value. Utilization and how to increase the selling value of byproducts by making peptone. Peptone fish is a derivative product or derivative of a water-soluble protein hydrolyzate and does not undergo any coagulation process in hot water. This research aim is to produce peptone with spoiled by catch fish as raw materials using microencapsulation technique and maltodextrin as coating ingredients. Microencapsulate of peptone has a chemical composition with moisture content 8.95%, ash content 5.26%, protein content 62.79%, Fat content 0.44% and carbohydrate content 21.48%. The chemical characteristic peptone by-catch rotten fish indicate that product has solubility 98.87%, nitrogen total 10.05%, α amino nitrogen 1.22%, AN/TN 12.14%, salt content 8.04% and pH 6.69. Microencapsulate peptone has a physical characteristic with lightness value 60.01, whiteness value 57.44 and dominated red color value 1.70 and yellow color value 10.33. The water activity of microencapsulating spoiled by catch fish peptone at room temperature of storage after 5 hours was lower than peptone spoiled by catch fish without micro encapsulation and product of commercial peptone. Amino acid analysis results indicate that microencapsulate spoiled by catch fish peptone arginine, serine, tyrosine,<br />histidine and threonine amino acids higher than peptone spoiled by catch fish without microencapsulation and commercial product of peptone. Microorganism growth curve with Optical Density (OD). That indicates<br />microencapsulate spoiled by catch fish peptone has bacterial growth curve more good than a commercial product of peptone and peptone spoiled by catch fish without micro encapsulation.
Ratio of Amylose and Amylopectin as indicators of glycaemic index and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starches of long, medium and short grain rice
Authors: Dipnaik Kavita , Kokare Praneeta 
Published: September 2017

Background: Rice (Oryzasativa L.) is the staple food of over half the world’s population. The major carbohydrate of rice is starch, which is about 72 to 75%. Rice can be classified into three different types: long-grain, medium-grain and short-grain rice based upon their length as compared to their width. Aim of the study was to predict the glycemic index of long, medium and short grain rice based on amylose, amylopectin ratio and to study in vitro hydrolysis of starch of long, medium and short grain rice by salivary and pancreatic amylases and formulate the right type of rice to be consumed by diabetics. Methods: Starches were isolated from long, medium and short grain rice. Amylose and amylopectin from the isolated starches were estimated. Starches isolated were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis by salivary amylase and pancreatic amylase under optimum in vitro conditions and reducing sugars released after hydrolysis and incubation period of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 minutes were estimated by Folin-Wu method. Results were analysed using unpaired t-test and statistical significance was established.Results: Long grain rice was found to have high amylose and low amylopectin content as compared to medium and short grain rice. Long grain rice showed slow release of reducing sugars as compared to medium and short grain rice.Conclusions: Long grain rice because of its high amylose content is a low glycemic food and can be consumed by diabetics. Sustained slow release of reducing sugars given by long grain rice is desirable in diabetics.
Levantamento quali-quantitativo da arborização urbana da cidade de Baixio – CE
Authors: Crispim Diêgo Lima , Meneses José Alison Dias de , Abreu Vieira Artur Sales de , Araújo Lucas Martins de , Cruz Josias da Silva , Silva José Israel Sousa 
Published: September 2017

<p>Urban forestry is a vital element in improving the quality of life of the population living in the urban environment. However, in several Brazilian cities notes to failure to address the issue of urban trees and their problems. The objective of this research was to conduct a quantitative and qualitative survey of tree species for some public roads in the city of Baixio-CE, as well as identify the species surveyed and analyzing their phytosanitary conditions. The method used for the quantitative research was the total inventory of tree species that are on the streets and sidewalks. In which, we sampled 240 individuals. The results showed that the most abundant species was Azadirachta indica (Neem Indian) with 68% Ficus benjamina L. and (Ficus), 19% of screened individuals. The qualitative method consists in visual assessment and photographic records on the parameters of plant health, quality pruning, interference in the power grid and sidewalk. Of the 240 trees sampled, 223 have good plant health, while 16 are in regular conditions, and only 7, with any occurrence of pests or mechanical damage. There is a homogeneity of the individuals surveyed, indicating a low diversity of the tree species in the public roads. </p>
Two Antibacterial Compounds: Velutin and 4- (Hydroxy (Oxiran-2-yl)Methyl)-2-Methoxyphenol from the Stem Bark of Drimys arfakensis Gibbs.
Authors: Santoso Bimo Budi , Hernandez Hidelisa Padua , Rodriguez Evelyn B , Dalmacio Ida Farida 
Published: September 2017

<p>Antimicrobial-guided fractionation and isolation of the bioactive compounds from the stem bark of <em>D</em><em>rimys</em><em> arfakensis</em> Gibbs. were carried out. Two antibacterial compounds were isolated. The sructures of the antibacterial compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods such as <sup>1</sup>H NMR, <sup>13</sup>C NMR, 2-D NMR, ESI-MS and EI-MS. Based on the spectroscopic data, the two antibacterial compounds were velutin,<strong> 1</strong> and 4-(hydroxyl(oxiran-2-yl)methyl)-2-methoxyphenol, <strong>2</strong>. Compound <strong>1</strong> exhibited low activity against methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) (B-1823) with MIC value of 250 µg · mL<sup>–1</sup>, while compound <strong>2 </strong>possesses strong activity against <em>S. aureus</em> (MRSA) (B-1823) with MIC value of 15.60 µg · mL<sup>–1</sup>.No activity of both compounds against <em>Escherichia coli</em> (B-1634) and <em>Candida albicans</em> (B-2219) was observed.</p>
Organic Fertilizer from Bioethanol Solid Waste, Agricultural Waste, and Banana Peels Waste by Bio-act EM4 and Aspergillus niger
Authors: Juliastuti Sri Rachmania , Enhaperdhani Delftya , Hasanah Rizka Uswatun 
Published: September 2017

<p>Excessive use of chemical fertilizers may degrade the physical condition of the soil so that solid organic fertilizer was developed. Organic fertilizer was made from organic materials derived from plants or animals that had been made by the engineering process. Organic fertilizers were used to supply organic matter to improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil. This experiment aimed to study the effect of a mixture of bio ethanol solid waste, corn agricultural waste and banana peels waste with bio-activator EM4 and <em>Aspergillus niger</em> (<em>An</em>) to increase the content of potassium (K) in organic fertilizer and study the response of plant growth of chillies and eggplant against organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizers were made from agricultural waste, such as bio ethanol solid waste, corn agricultural waste, and banana peels waste that still have organic content which was good for plant growth. Organic fertilizers were made by mixing bio ethanol solid waste, corn agricultural waste, and banana peels waste with a ratio (w/w) of 1:2:3. After that, a mixture of EM4 and <em>An</em> with a ratio (v/v) of 1:1, 2:3, 3:2, 1:3, 3:1 and without any bio-activator were added. Organic fertilizer produced in a rotary drum composter with air aeration 14 L · min<sup>–</sup><sup>1</sup> conducted for 15 d. The content of N, P and K on each variable of organic fertilizer will be analyzed. Then it was tested on chillies and eggplant. Furthermore, the quality and quantity of planting fruit on the plants of eggplant and chillies were measured. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that organic fertilizer with the addition of EM4:<em>An</em> 2:3 (v/v) increased the content of K up to 0.43 %. In accordance with SNI standards: 19-7030-2004, all test variables met the standards of the levels of N, and P; all organic fertilizers met the standard C/N ratio unless at the variables EM4:<em>An</em> 1:3 (v/v) and without bio-activator. For chillies, variable with the addition of EM4:<em>An</em> 2:3 (v/v) has the greatest weight, namely 0.95 g. Another variable, EM4:<em>An</em> 3:2 (v/v) can produced the amount of fruit up to 300 %. Where at the addition of EM4:<em>An</em> 2:3 (v/v) can produced eggplant fruit that weighs 24.01 g per harvest.</p>
Study of Correlation of Structural Features in the Porous TiNi-based Materials Obtained by Sintering with the Integration Process of Bone Marrow Cell Populations
Authors: Anikeev S.G. , Khodorenko V.N. , Kokorev O.V. , Shtin V.I. , Gunther V.E. 
Published: September 2017

The structural features of porous-permeable TiNi-based materials obtained by sintering in depending on the temperature have been studied. It is shown that a material obtained at the sintering temperature of T2=1250 °C and time t=40 min has an optimal degree of sintering and relates to finely porous materials with the porosity of 55 %. A positive dynamics of development of bone marrow cells in the TiNi-based sintered material was proved. It is noted that the finely porous macrostructure with developed rough surface of pore walls provides favorable conditions for development of cell populations. When the 21 day of cultivation a dense formed tissue on basis of bone marrow cells observes in the material pores.
Modern Approach to Treatment of Patients with Odontogenic Cyst of Jaw
Authors: Hushvakhtov D.I. , Mirzoev M.Sh. , Jonibekova R.N. , Gafarov Kh.O. , Schakirov M.N. 
Published: September 2017

Contrary to existing contraindication for cystectomy, we can conclude that extensive odontogenic cysts of jaw with involved of more than 2-3 intact teeth and with loss of lower bone wall for more than1 cmisn’t the only sign for cystotomy. Application of correctly selected bone and plastic materials (in our case nickelid titanium granules in combination with PBRP) contributes to restoration of large-scale bone defects with formation of organotypical bone, corresponding to anatomy of the part, in optimal period of time which shortens the postsurgical rehabilitation period of patients and contributes to early functional loading to organ.
Processing And Use Of Solid Technogenic Waste - Damping Metallurgical Slags For Producing Calcium-Containing Ferro-Alloys
Authors: Makhambetov Ye.N. , Baysanov A.S. , Nabiev M.A. , E.Zh. Shabanov , Baysanova A.M. , Sultamurat G.I. 
Published: September 2017

<p>In the given article there are presented the results of complex calcium-containing ferroalloy from high-ash coals of the Saryadyr deposit, dump blast-furnace slag and slag of refined ferromanganese, which related to technogenic waste. There is established the possibility of smelting calcium-containing ferroalloy, the recovery of basic elements reached 91.56% manganese, 87.75% silicon, 76% aluminum and calcium up to 40%.</p>
Symptome et diagnostic dans la Clinique Psychanalytique: Enjeux epistemiques, cliniques, politiques et societaux
Authors: Askofaré Sidi 
Published: September 2017

Este artigo tem por objetivo retomar a problemática do diagnóstico em uma perspectiva mais ampla, tentando examinar questões clínicas, epistêmicas, éticas e políticas a partir das incidências do último ensino de Lacan na teoria psicanalítica, em particular no que concerne às formas de assujeitamento às estruturas clínicas. Propomos cinco pontos para examinar essas questões: a questão clínica geral do diagnóstico; os fundamentos do diagnóstico em psicanálise; a perspectiva estruturalista no diagnóstico; a integração da crítica do estruturalismo ; o lugar de consideração do sintoma. Enfim, terminamos com um debate em torno das questões políticas, para o hoje e o futuro próximo, da questão diagnóstica, notadamente em seus efeitos de segregação e exclusão.
AKTIVITAS PROTEASE DAN AMILASE PADA IKAN SIDAT <em>Anguilla bicolor</em> McClelland)
Authors: Taufik Mohamad , Hana Hana , Susilo Untung 
Published: September 2017

This study was experimental, conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 x 2 factorial design, and four replicates have been carried out to evaluate the protease and amylase activities of Anguilla bicolor McClelland. A total of 71 individuals divided into three weight groups were used in this study. The first group with an average weight of 41.25 ± 0.898 g consisted of 51 eels, the second with an average weight of 319.8 ± 4.666 g composed of 14 eels, and the third with a mean weight of 569.5 ± 9.150 g consisted of 6 eels. The results showed the protease activity differed significantly based on eel size and intestinal segment (P ˂ 0.05). This research recorded the highest protease activity was in eels within the smallest weight group (41.25 ± 0.898 g). This study also revealed the protease activity in the anterior intestine was higher than the posterior in all size of eels. The amylase activity did not differ significantly (P>0.05) by eel size and intestinal segment. This study concluded the protein digestion capacity of smaller eels was higher than larger eels, and the protein digestion capacity was greater in the anterior intestine than the posterior intestine. The carbohydrate absorption capacity in eel was not affected by the variety of fish size which indicates no change in the feed category.
PERBEDAAN PROFIL LIPID DAN KADAR ASAM URAT PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE II DENGAN DAN TANPA HIPERTENSI
Authors: Savitri Filliana , Savitri Intani Kurnia , Samodro Pugud , Rujito Lantip 
Published: September 2017

Diabetes Mellitus type 2 is the 7th world of death problem with the 95% proportion rate. Hypertension has also a correlation with this condition. The mortality of cardiovascular is 2-3 times over from diabetics with hypertension than diabetics with normotension which caused by lipid and aciduric disturbations. This study was conducted using cross-sectional design. Twenty-five sample of diabetics normotension and 25 sample of diabetics patient along with hypertension in Ajibarang Hospital District Banyumas and comply with inclusion-exclusion criteria were taken suing consecutive sampling. Data from the cholesterol and triglyceride total test were collected and analyzed with Mann-Whitney test. Additionally, HDL cholesterol and LDL was analyzed using T-Test. This Study showed that average total cholesterol from diabetics along with hypertension patients was in a range of 185.16 ± 36.59 and Diabetics patient without hypertension was 196.76 ± 44.62 (p = 0,503). Besides, the average rate of triglyceride level on diabetics patient with hypertension was 181.76 ±72.68 and diabetics patient along without hypertension was 180.28 ± 125.75 (p=0,367). The average rate of HDL cholesterol level on diabetics patient with hypertension was 39.12 ± 11.07 and diabetics patient along without hypertension was 42.37 ± 14.98 (p = 0,387). In addition, Average rate of LDL level on diabetics patient with hypertension was 112.57 ± 24.77 and diabetics patient along without hypertension was 118.33 ± 37.41 (p = 0,524). The average rate of uric acid on diabetics patient with hypertension was 6,120 ± 1,45 and diabetics patient along without hypertension was 5,768 ± 2,45 (p=0,200). As a conclusion, there is no difference with total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL cholesterol, and uric acid significant from diabetics patient with or without hypertension in Ajibarang Hospital District Banyumas in 2016.
Structural Equation Modeling of Cover Crop Effects on Soil Nitrogen and Dry Bean
Authors: Hill Erin C. , Renner Karen A. , Sprague Christy L. , Fry Jessica E. 
Published: September 2017

Core Ideas
Structural equation modeling is utilized to explore how cover crops influence dry beans.
Cover crop C/N ratio and incorporation timing can indirectly affect dry bean yield.
Cover crops quality needs to be managed to benefit cash crops.
The direct impact of cover crops on nutrient cycling and yield has been studied in many different systems, however limited datasets have prevented larger scale modeling of the complex relationships among these variables. The reduced model generated from this analysis demonstrated that in an organic dry bean system, both higher cover crop C/N ratio and shorter time from cover crop incorporation until dry bean planting could negatively affect yield through lower soil inorganic N availability at the time of bean planting (mid‐ to late June). Days between cover crop incorporation and dry bean planting ranged from 1 to 64, with the model showing that less time also reduced yield through reduced dry bean population. These findings support the premise that cover crop quality and time for decomposition are important parameters to manage to benefit the subsequent cash crop.
Five‐Year Forage Dynamics Arising from Four Legume–Grass Seed Mixes
Authors: Bork Edward W. , Gabruck Danielle T. , McLeod Erin M. , Hall Linda M. 
Published: September 2017

Core Ideas
Mixtures of legumes and grasses were dynamic in composition over time.
Forage mixtures with more legume had less biomass but had stable protein yield.
Alfalfa persisted better than clover, and was favored when grown with bunchgrasses.
When grown with meadow brome, alfalfa biomass in mixtures was 18 to 42% after 5 yr.
Species identity regulated forage productivity more than the proportion legume seeded.
To evaluate the comparative role of different legume–grass mixtures on long‐term forage yield, alfalfa (AL) (Medicago sativa L.) or clover (CL) (Trifolium sp.) were seeded at two sites in various combinations (0, 11, 22, 33, 67, or 100 kg 100 kg−1 of mix) with either rhizomatous grasses (smooth brome [Bromus inermis Leyss.] and Kentucky bluegrass [Poa pratensis L.]) or the bunchgrass meadow brome [Bromus riparius Rehmann]) to determine forage yield, quality, and legume persistence over 5 yr. Peak herbage yields were similar among swards initially seeded with 11 to 33 kg 100 kg−1 legumes, and occurred during the first 3 yr. Pure legume swards were slow to reach maximum biomass and increased crude protein yield (CPY) throughout the study. Regardless of companion grass identity, alfalfa‐based swards had more biomass and CPY than those containing clover. The proportion of alfalfa in mixed swards stabilized after 4 to 5 yr, and both legumes had greater abundance when grown with the bunchgrass rather than rhizomatous grasses. Although alfalfa was suppressed by rhizomatous grasses, their combined biomass was greater than in alfalfa–bunchgrass mixes, leading to similar CPY. Clover did not persist beyond 3 yr. The primary benefit of legumes in mixtures was an improvement in forage quality (i.e., CPY) rather than biomass. When establishing forage, species identity was critical to short‐term forage maximization, as was the presence of both legumes and grasses. In contrast, the relative proportion of legumes and grass at seeding had less influence on long‐term forage availability.
Biomass and Sweet Sorghum Fertilized with Swine Lagoon Effluent for Bioenergy
Authors: Heitman Adam J. , Castillo Miguel S. , Smyth T. Jot , Crozier Carl R. , Wang Zan , Gehl Ronald J. 
Published: September 2017

Core Ideas
Dry matter yields were not different between the two sorghums in 11 out of 12 yr–location combinations.
Nitrogen, P, and K removals averaged 138, 28, and 313 kg ha–1, respectively.
Both sorghum cultivars, ES5200 and M81‐E, were productive biomass crops at swine spray fields and may be a feasible alternative for producers that desire the flexibility of an annual crop and high dry matter yields in a single clipping event at the end of the growing season (15.7 ± 5.1 Mg ha–1 yr–1.
Land receiving waste effluent from swine (Sus scrofa domesticus) production systems (also known as spray fields) may provide a unique opportunity for bioenergy feedstock supply from sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Information on dry matter (DM) production and nutrient uptake from on‐farm trials is needed to determine the viability of this practice. The objectives of the study were to compare DM production and nutrient removal of two sorghum cultivars (high biomass Blade ES5200 and sweet sorghum M81‐E) planted at three on‐farm swine effluent spray field locations. The study was conducted in North Carolina for 4 yr (2012–2015). Dry matter yields ranged from 8.1 to 27.7 Mg ha−1 and were no different between sorghum entries in 11 out of 12 location‐year combinations. Nitrogen concentration in the plant tissue ranged from 5.9 to 12.9 g kg−1 reflecting the wide range of N loadings (41–624 kg ha−1). Nitrogen removal ranged from 54 to 287 kg ha−1. Phosphorus concentration in the plant tissue ranged from 1.4 to 2.5 g kg−1 and removal ranged from 15.4 to 51.3 kg ha−1. Potassium concentration and removal were not different between entries and averaged 20.4 g kg−1 and 313 kg ha−1, respectively. The results indicate that if sorghum is to be the only crop per annual cycle, then irrigation management and nutrient loading need to be less intensive (lower amounts), specially for N and K, than in current bermudagrass (Cynodonon dactylon L.)‐based systems to prevent soil nutrient accumulation.