bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observing and modelling phytoplankton community structure in the North Sea
Authors: Ford David A. , van der Molen Johan , Hyder Kieran , Bacon John , Barciela Rosa , Creach Veronique , McEwan Robert , Ruardij Piet , Forster Rodney 
Published: March 2017

Abstract. Phytoplankton form the base of the marine food chain, and knowledge of phytoplankton community structure is fundamental when assessing marine biodiversity. Policy makers and other users require information on marine biodiversity and other aspects of the marine environment for the North Sea, a highly productive European shelf sea. This information must come from a combination of observations and models, but currently the coastal ocean is greatly under-sampled for phytoplankton data, and outputs of phytoplankton community structure from models are therefore not yet frequently validated. This study presents a novel set of in situ observations of phytoplankton community structure for the North Sea using accessory pigment analysis. The observations allow a good understanding of the patterns of surface phytoplankton biomass and community structure in the North Sea for the observed months of August 2010 and 2011. Two physical–biogeochemical ocean models, the biogeochemical components of which are different variants of the widely used European Regional Seas Ecosystem Model (ERSEM), were then validated against these and other observations. Both models were a good match for sea surface temperature observations, and a reasonable match for remotely sensed ocean colour observations. However, the two models displayed very different phytoplankton community structures, with one better matching the in situ observations than the other. Nonetheless, both models shared some similarities with the observations in terms of spatial features and inter-annual variability. An initial comparison of the formulations and parameterizations of the two models suggests that diversity between the parameter settings of model phytoplankton functional types, along with formulations which promote a greater sensitivity to changes in light and nutrients, is key to capturing the observed phytoplankton community structure. These findings will help inform future model development, which should be coupled with detailed validation studies, in order to help facilitate the wider application of marine biogeochemical modelling to user and policy needs.
Heterogeneity measures in hydrological frequency analysis: review and new developments
Authors: Requena Ana I. , Chebana Fateh , Ouarda Taha B. M. J. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract. Some regional procedures to estimate hydrological quantiles at ungauged sites, such as the index-flood method, require the delineation of homogeneous regions as a basic step for their application. The homogeneity of these delineated regions is usually tested providing a yes/no decision. However, complementary measures that are able to quantify the degree of heterogeneity of a region are needed to compare regions, evaluate the impact of particular sites, and rank the performance of different delineating methods. Well-known existing heterogeneity measures are not well-defined for ranking regions, as they entail drawbacks such as assuming a given probability distribution, providing negative values and being affected by the region size. Therefore, a framework for defining and assessing desirable properties of a heterogeneity measure in the regional hydrological context is needed. In the present study, such a framework is proposed through a four-step procedure based on Monte Carlo simulations. Several heterogeneity measures, some of which commonly known and others which are derived from recent approaches or adapted from other fields, are presented and developed to be assessed. The assumption-free Gini index applied on the at-site L-variation coefficient (L-CV) over a region led to the best results. The measure of the percentage of sites for which the regional L-CV is outside the confidence interval of the at-site L-CV is also found to be relevant, as it leads to more stable results regardless of the regional L-CV value. An illustrative application is also presented for didactical purposes, through which the subjectivity of commonly used criteria to assess the performance of different delineation methods is underlined.
Identification of dominant hydrogeochemical processes for groundwaters in the Algerian Sahara supported by inverse modeling of chemical and isotopic data
Authors: Slimani Rabia , Guendouz Abdelhamid , Trolard Fabienne , Moulla Adnane Souffi , Hamdi-Aïssa Belhadj , Bourrié Guilhem 
Published: March 2017

Abstract. Unpublished chemical and isotopic data taken in November 1992 from the three major Saharan aquifers, namely the Continental Intercalaire (CI), the Complexe Terminal (CT) and the phreatic aquifer (Phr), were integrated with original samples in order to chemically and isotopically characterize the largest Saharan aquifer system and investigate the processes through which groundwaters acquire their mineralization. Instead of classical Debye–Hückel extended law, a specific interaction theory (SIT) model, recently incorporated in PHREEQC 3.0, was used. Inverse modeling of hydrochemical data constrained by isotopic data was used here to quantitatively assess the influence of geochemical processes: at depth, the dissolution of salts from the geological formations during upward leakage without evaporation explains the transitions from CI to CT and to a first end member, a cluster of Phr (cluster I); near the surface, the dissolution of salts from sabkhas by rainwater explains another cluster of Phr (cluster II). In every case, secondary precipitation of calcite occurs during dissolution. All Phr waters result from the mixing of these two clusters together with calcite precipitation and ion exchange processes. These processes are quantitatively assessed by the PHREEQC model. Globally, gypsum dissolution and calcite precipitation were found to act as a carbon sink.
Assessment of island beach erosion due to sea level rise: the case of the Aegean archipelago (Eastern Mediterranean)
Authors: Monioudi Isavela N. , Velegrakis Adonis F. , Chatzipavlis Antonis E. , Rigos Anastasios , Karambas Theophanis , Vousdoukas Michalis I. , Hasiotis Thomas , Koukourouvli Nikoletta , Peduzzi Pascal , Manoutsoglou Eva , Poulos Serafim E. , Collins Michael B. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract. The present contribution constitutes the first comprehensive attempt to (a) record the spatial characteristics of the beaches of the Aegean archipelago (Greece), a critical resource for both the local and national economy, and (b) provide a rapid assessment of the impacts of the long-term and episodic sea level rise (SLR) under different scenarios. Spatial information and other attributes (e.g., presence of coastal protection works and backshore development) of the beaches of the 58 largest islands of the archipelago were obtained on the basis of remote-sensed images available on the web. Ranges of SLR-induced beach retreats under different morphological, sedimentological and hydrodynamic forcing, and SLR scenarios were estimated using suitable ensembles of cross-shore (1-D) morphodynamic models. These ranges, combined with empirically derived estimations of wave run-up induced flooding, were then compared with the recorded maximum beach widths to provide ranges of retreat/erosion and flooding at the archipelago scale. The spatial information shows that the Aegean pocket beaches may be particularly vulnerable to mean sea level rise (MSLR) and episodic SLRs due to (i) their narrow widths (about 59 % of the beaches have maximum widths < 20 m), (ii) their limited terrestrial sediment supply, (iii) the substantial coastal development and (iv) the limited existing coastal protection. Modeling results indeed project severe impacts under mean and episodic SLRs, which by 2100 could be devastating. For example, under MSLR of 0.5 m – representative concentration pathway (RCP) 4.5 of the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change (IPCC) – a storm-induced sea level rise of 0.6 m is projected to result in a complete erosion of between 31 and 88 % of all beaches (29–87 % of beaches are currently fronting coastal infrastructure and assets), at least temporarily. Our results suggest a very considerable risk which will require significant effort, financial resources and policies/regulation in order to protect/maintain the critical economic resource of the Aegean archipelago.
A comparison of degree and diploma nursing students confidence of patient safety competency in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Raymond June 
Published: March 2017

In Ontario, Canada, Registered Nurses and Practical Nurses practice autonomously and safely in the healthcare system. Students who are aiming to become a Registered Nurse are enrolled in a four-year university baccalaureate degree program while students pursuing a practical nursing diploma are registered in a two or three-year college program. Exploring differences in confidence levels could provide insight into whether one type of nursing educational program is assisting students to develop higher confidence levels on patient safety topics. The Health Professional Education in Patient Survey was used for data collection in this research study. In total, 206 practical nursing students and 458 degree nursing students participated in this study from four different academic settings in Ontario, Canada. Overall, students in both types of educational programs expressed similar levels of confidence on the seven patient safety subscales. Practical nursing students feel errors are viewed as individual mistakes and they fear repercussions when they make a mistake more so than degree students. Although the categories of students receive different education in terms of length of program, setting, and depth of content, students within either type of program appear to develop confidence levels that are similar for the most part.
Verbal processes in English and Spanish: a functional perspective to research articles on discourse analysis
Authors: Rodríguez-Vergara Daniel 
Published: March 2017

In this paper we present the results of an analysis of verbal processes and locution constructions in two corpora, one with papers from Anglophone journals, and one from Hispanophone ones. Our main interest was to build up a semantic-grammatical profile of how verbal and locution structures are constructed in the discipline of Discourse Analysis, and see if there were similarities and/or differences in the two corpora. The results showed that there are significant differences in terms of verbal process ratio, metaphoric locutions, most frequent verbal processes, and projection.
Contração ou expansão? Posicionamentos em pareceres de revista científica sob a perspectiva sistemico-funcional
Authors: Cruz Osilene Maria De Sá e Silva da 
Published: March 2017

Esta pesquisa analisa pareceres de artigos de uma revista científica de Linguística, com base na perspectiva Sistêmico-Funcional (HALLIDAY, 1985, 1994; HALLIDAY e MATTHIESSEN, 2004) e no Subsistema Engajamento, do Sistema de Avaliatividade (MARTIN; WHITE, 2005). O corpus é constituído por 67 pareceres de artigo: aprovados sem restrições (A), aprovados com restrições (AR) e reprovados (R). Foram identificados treze tópicos (aboutness) abordados pelos pareceristas: Análise, Argumentação, Bibliografia, Contribuição, Forma, Língua, Metodologia, Objetivo, Resultado, Resumo, Tema, Teoria e Título. Os resultados revelam predomínio de posicionamentos heteroglóssicos nos três grupos de pareceres, com um índice maior de posicionamentos monoglóssicos no grupo de pareceres A. O grupo de pareceres AR apresenta mais ocorrências de Expansão Dialógica, sobretudo por significados típicos da categoria Acolhimento. O grupo de pareceres R apresenta maior frequência de Contração Dialógica, predominantemente por recursos da categoria Negação.
A pertinência da utilização do sistema de avaliatividade como referência em pesquisas sobre recepção de livros didáticos : reflexões teóricas e metodológicas
Authors: Silva Renato Caixeta da 
Published: March 2017

Apresentam-se reflexões sobre a pertinência do Sistema de Avaliatividade como referencial para pesquisas sobre recepção de materiais /livros didáticos por docentes e discentes, considerando que esse sistema prevê a expressão das atitudes, gradação e engajamento pelos falantes. Também apresentam-se questões acerca de metodologia e de instrumentos de coleta de informações para pesquisas dessa natureza. O artigo pode contribuir para referendar o Sistema de Avaliatividade como referencial para pesquisas relacionadas ao uso e à recepção de materiais didáticos, podendo tais investigações ser importantes para entendimentos locais e para políticas públicas na área educacional.
Hacia la construcción de la voz crítica de los estudiantes: etapas funcionales y roles de voz en la reseña de divulgación científica
Authors: Ramírez Laura Aurora Hernández 
Published: March 2017

Comúnmente se considera que la evaluación ideal del conocimiento en el ámbito escolar es mediante la escritura de una opinión coherente sobre un tema revisado específico. Sin embargo, casi nunca se explica con precisión qué es opinar, ni el proceso por medio del cual el discurso configura las opiniones disciplinares esperadas. Como una introducción al análisis discursivo de estas formas disciplinares de la opinión, que representa una nueva veta de investigación dentro del análisis del discurso, en este artículo mostraré el tipo de recursos de posicionamiento autoralutilizados una serie de reseñasde divulgación científica (review) publicadas en la revista ¿cómoves?, editada por la UNAM. Concretamente, describiré los roles de voz(HOOD, 2004; MARTIN; WHITE, 2005; OTEÍZA, 2009) y sus estrategias de apertura y contracción del espacio dialógico con las voces participantes, que se definen en cada una de las etapas de estructura esquemática o secuencias a través de las cuales se cumple la función de recomendar la lectura de un libro relacionado con la ciencia. Para la descripción de estos recursos, empleo el sistema de categorías propuestas por la Teoría de la Valoración, un desarrollo del componente interpersonal que ha despertado gran interés en los investigadores y analistas discursivos de la Lingüística Sistémico Funcional, debido a su gran poder explicativo de la manera en que con el lenguaje se valora la experiencia social (OTEÍZA, 2009). Considero que a partir de este tipo de descripciones será posible proporcionar respuestas más precisas para las recurrentes interrogantes planteadas acerca de las convenciones de escritura de las diversas comunidades disciplinares y dará pie para la construcción de proyectos de intervención pedagógica de la argumentación especializada.
O lugar do conceito de ideologia na análise do discurso político (ADP): uma proposta à luz da análise crítica do discurso (ACD)
Authors: Souza Vilmar Ferreira de 
Published: March 2017

No presente trabalho proponho discutir o lugar do conceito de ideologia na Análise do Discurso Político (ADP), conforme desenvolvido em DeSouza (2011a) e, posteriormente retomado em DeSouza (2011b), ambos ancorados na visão neomarxista de ideologia, que comporta, como uma de suas dimensões basilares, a dimensão discursiva. A base teórica deste trabalho repousa na Gramática Sistêmico-Funcional (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004) e na Análise Crítica do Discurso (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001). Finalizo este texto sugerindo uma representação gráfica do conceito de ideologia, bem como convidando a comunidade acadêmica a inspecionar suas possibilidades investigativas.
Testing of microsatellite multiplexes for individual identification of Cape Parrots (Poicephalus robustus): paternity testing and monitoring trade
Authors: Coetzer Willem G. , Downs Colleen T. , Perrin Mike R. , Willows-Munro Sandi 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundIllegal trade in rare wildlife species is a major threat to many parrot species around the world. Wildlife forensics plays an important role in the preservation of endangered or threatened wildlife species. Identification of illegally harvested or traded animals through DNA techniques is one of the many methods used during forensic investigations. Natural populations of the South African endemic Cape Parrot (Poicephalus robustus) are negatively affected by the removal of eggs and chicks for the pet trade.MethodsIn this study, 16 microsatellite markers specifically designed for the South African endemic Cape Parrot (P. robustus) are assessed for their utility in forensic casework. Using these 16 loci, the genetic diversity of a subset of the captive Cape Parrot population was also assessed and compared to three wild Cape Parrot populations.ResultsIt was determined that the full 16 locus panel has sufficient discriminatory power to be used in parentage analyses and can be used to determine if a bird has been bred in captivity and so can be legally traded or if it has been illegally removed from the wild. In cases where birds have been removed from the wild, this study suggests that a reduced 12 locus microsatellite panel has sufficient power to assign confiscated birds to geographic population of origin.DiscussionThe level of genetic diversity observed within the captive Cape Parrot population was similar to that observed in the wild populations, which suggests that the captive population is not suffering from decreased levels of genetic diversity. The captive Cape Parrots did however have double the number of private alleles compared to that observed in the most genetically diverse wild population. This is probably due to the presence of rare alleles present in the founder population, which has not been lost due to genetic drift, as many of the individuals tested in this study are F1–F3 wild descendants. The results from this study provide a suit of markers that can be used to aid conservation and law enforcement authorities to better control legal and illegal trade of this South African endemic.
Ecohydrological Dynamics and Temporal Water Origin in a European Mediterranean Vineyard
Authors: Benettin Paolo , Tagliavini Massimo , Andreotti Carlo , di Villahermosa Francesca Sofia Manca , Verdone Matteo , Dani Andrea , Penna Daniele 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTViticulture is an essential sector in agriculture as wine production plays a vital role in the socio‐economic life of many countries, especially in the Mediterranean area. Grapevines are a valuable, long‐lived species able to grow in hot and dry regions. We currently do not know whether rain‐fed grapevines entirely rely on deep soil water or make substantial use of shallow water from summer precipitation events. Without knowing this, we poorly understand what fraction of summer precipitation inputs contributes to grapevine transpiration. This has implications for how we quantify grapevine‐relevant precipitation budgets and for predicting the impacts of climate change on grape and wine production. We investigated grapevine water use in a vineyard in the Chianti region, central Italy. During the growing season of 2021, we monitored precipitation and soil moisture at 30‐ and 60‐cm depth. We collected over 250 samples for stable isotope analysis from rainfall, soil, and plants. Since traditional plant water sampling is problematic for grapevines, we collected samples from shoots, leaves, and condensed leaf transpiration after sealed plastic bags were wrapped around a shoot. We use these alternative plant samples to reconstruct the isotopic signal in the xylem water and infer the plant's seasonal water origin throughout the growing season. The analysis of the seasonal origin of water revealed that, throughout the growing season, soil water and plant water received disproportional contributions by rain that had fallen in the winter, even when compensating for the Mediterranean climate of the area. Only in late summer did the grapevines use substantial amounts of summer rainfall, whose contribution occasionally became dominant. These results provide a better understanding of ecohydrological interactions and uptake dynamics in valuable socio‐economic agroecosystems such as vineyards.
Depressive symptoms and goal pursuit: Between‐person and reciprocal within‐person effects in a multi‐wave longitudinal study
Authors: Leduc‐Cummings Isabelle , Milyavskaya Marina , Howard Andrea L. , Drapeau Martin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionDepressive symptoms, goal progress, and goal characteristics are interrelated, but the directionality of these relationships is unclear.MethodsIn a 6‐wave longitudinal study (N = 431; 2002 total surveys), we examine the bidirectionality of the relationships between depressive symptoms, goal characteristics (commitment, self‐efficacy, and perception of other's support), and goal progress for academic and interpersonal goals at 2‐week intervals. Separate random‐intercept cross‐lagged panel models were tested for each goal characteristic across both goals.ResultsAt the within‐person level, goal progress significantly positively predicted commitment, self‐efficacy, and perception of others' support for the goal. Most of the other hypothesized paths were nonsignificant, including paths between depressive symptoms and progress. At the between‐person level, all variables were significantly correlated, with some effects significantly larger for the interpersonal than the academic goal.DiscussionThe results suggest that when it comes to depressive symptoms and goal pursuit, general tendencies may be more important than variations over 2‐week intervals.
Exposure dose, light distribution and wavelength affect the fate of introduced bacterial biological control agents in the phyllosphere of greenhouse grown tomato
Authors: Hellström Maria , Karlsson Maria E. , Kleman Isabella , Rosberg Anna Karin , Darlison Julia , Mulaosmanovic Emina , Will Lena , Alsanius Beatrix W. 
Published: October 2024

Societal Impact StatementThe use of chemical plant protection products must be reduced to promote sustainability in food production. One possible alternative is biological control agents (BCAs), but their efficacy under commercial conditions does not always reach the standard of chemical control agents. Previously, light has been found to induce mechanisms in bacterial BCAs that can affect their distribution and establishment. This could promote BCA efficacy. We looked into how monochromatic and polychromatic (which is what growers use) light treatments affected the occurrence of three BCAs post‐application. By combining two non‐chemical methods: a biological (BCA) and a cultural (light) control method, this offers a new integrated pest control strategy.Summary
The dynamics and functionality of beneficial and non‐beneficial, non‐phototrophic bacteria can be influenced by light quality. We investigated if light could aid the survival of three bacterial biological control agents (BCAs; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DSM7, Pseudomonas chlororaphis 50083 and Streptomyces griseoviridis CBS904.68) in the canopy of greenhouse‐grown tomatoes at four light treatments.
Tomato plants were exposed to 50 μmol m−2 s−1 of either polychromatic light (white) or monochromatic light (blue: 420 nm, green: 530 nm and red: 660 nm) using DYNA LED lamps for a total of 48 h post foliar application of the BCAs. Leaves were harvested from two levels in the canopy at the top and middle of each plant at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h post inoculation. The occurrences of the BCAs were quantified by plate count and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR).
S. griseoviridis persisted under most treatments, whereas P. chlororaphis and B. amyloliquefaciens preferred the polychromatic and green light treatments as depicted by the viable count analyses. Significant differences between the DNA and cDNA concentrations were only noted for P. chlororaphis, with prominent wavelength effects.
Light exposure dose, placement in the canopy and wavelength were found to be decisive factors for BCA re‐isolation, indicating that they have different optimal light environments.