bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Role of Context in Chat Translation Evaluation: Is Context Helpful and Under What Conditions?
Authors: Agrawal Sweta , Farajian Amin , Fernandes Patrick , Rei Ricardo , Martins André F. T. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDespite the recent success of automatic metrics for assessing translation quality, their application in evaluating the quality of machine-translated chats has been limited. Unlike more structured texts like news, chat conversations are often unstructured, short, and heavily reliant on contextual information. This poses questions about the reliability of existing sentence-level metrics in this domain as well as the role of context in assessing the translation quality. Motivated by this, we conduct a meta-evaluation of existing automatic metrics, primarily designed for structured domains such as news, to assess the quality of machine-translated chats. We find that reference-free metrics lag behind reference-based ones, especially when evaluating translation quality in out-of-English settings. We then investigate how incorporating conversational contextual information in these metrics for sentence-level evaluation affects their performance. Our findings show that augmenting neural learned metrics with contextual information helps improve correlation with human judgments in the reference-free scenario and when evaluating translations in out-of-English settings. Finally, we propose a new evaluation metric, Context-MQM, that utilizes bilingual context with a large language model (LLM) and further validate that adding context helps even for LLM-based evaluation metrics.
Sychnotylenchus kulinichi sp. n. (Nematoda: Anguinoidea) from the Primorsky Krai of Russia with a tabular key to the genus Sychnotylenchus Rühm, 1956
Authors: Ryss Alexander Yu. , Chalkin Andrey A. , Subbotin Sergei A. 
Published: October 2024

Summary
A new species of the genus Sychnotylenchus Rühm, 1956, S. kulinchi sp. n., inhabiting the bark beetle galleries of Pityogenes chalcographus in Pinus koraiensis was found in the Primorsky Krai of Russia. The new species differs morphologically from the closely related species S. yasinskii and S. mayor in having a shorter body length (626-1030 vs 1250-1280 and 1935-1455 μm, respectively) and from S. sparnugus in having a greater value of the ratio between spicule length and tail length (0.9-11 vs less than 0.7). Phylogenetic analysis of the partial 18S rRNA, D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA, the ITS rRNA and COI gene sequences showed that the Russian S. kulinichi sp. n. population grouped with populations from Israel and an unspecified locality that were identified incorrectly as Ditylenchus forepolitor, which are considered conspecific with S. kulinichi sp. n. in this study. Phylogenetic analyses aiming to clarify the controversial taxonomic status of Neoditylenchus and Sychnotylenchus species indicated that, although the genus Sychnotylenchus was paraphyletic in some phylogenetic trees, testing of alternative topologies for the 18S rRNA, D2-D3 of 28S rRNA and ITS rRNA gene trees and datasets using the maximum likelihood method did not exclude the monophyly of this genus and did not justify the validity of the genus Neoditylenchus, which should be considered a junior synonym of Sychnotylenchus as proposed by Fortuner & Maggenti (1987). Molecular phylogeny showed close relationships of Sychnotylenchus with plant-parasitic nematodes from the genera Ficotylus, Orrina and Pterotylenchus, and also with the insect-associated genus Neomisticius. A polytomous key listing 24 morphological diagnostic characters for the identification of 33 species of Sychnotylenchus is provided, along with a table listing associated bark beetle species.
The Baby and the Bathwater: Class Analysis and Class Formation after Deindustrialisation
Authors: Winant Gabriel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper is an edited version of the Deutscher Memorial Lecture delivered in November 2023 which expands upon The Next Shift: The Fall of Industry and the Rise of Health Care in Rust Belt America. It develops an account of the productivity limits of interpersonal service work more firmly rooted in Marxism and argues that the separation of social reproduction from production is primarily economic rather than political. This theoretical device is then deployed to argue that there is indeed a global ‘crisis of care’. This crisis is triggered not only by destabilisation of earlier care regimes, but also the encounter between the productivity limit and new forms and expanding volume in demand for care. Finally, this crisis is linked to the new global sociology and politics of gender and sexuality. Methodologically, the paper argues for renewed attention to the empirical specificity of proletarianisation processes, rather than ‘class abstractionism’.
The Militarisation of Japan and the Ethics of Survival Strategies
Authors: Akabayashi Akira , Zion Deborah 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Recently there has been media speculation about Japan’s move away from pacifism towards a more active role in global conflict, focusing on the war in Ukraine. The lack of military infrastructure and research and development in Japan since World War II have also had a profound impact on a lack of preparedness for COVID 19 vaccines, as the infrastructure needed was often linked to military development. We discuss how such changes have resulted in a desire for a buildup of military development including vaccine development in Japan. These changes, should they take place, will signify a shift away from the post-war period as Japan develops a new global role.
Impact of mixed groups on the gut bacterial structure of herring gull (Larus argentatus) and common shelduck (Tadorna tadorna) on Binzhou Seashell Island in Wudi, China
Authors: Li L. , Liu J. , Shao Y. , Niu W. , Li Y. , Li L. , Liu Y. , Shi Y. , Shang S. , Wang J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The cross-species transmission of intestinal bacteria caused by mixed-group contact in animals is currently an issue of concern. Herring gulls (Larus argentatus) and common shelducks (Tadorna tadorna) often forage in mixed groups, a process which is known as sympatric mixed foraging. This study sought to explore how mixed foraging affects the gut bacteria structure in herring gulls and common shelducks on Binzhou Seashell Island, China. Illumina high-throughput sequencing was employed to analyze the intestinal bacteria of these birds during their wintering period, with the goal of understanding the impact of mixed-species interactions on gut microbiota diversity. The results showed that alpha diversity of intestinal flora in common shelducks was higher than that in herring gulls, and there was no significant difference in beta diversity between the two species. The similarity ratio of the top five abundances of bacteria at the phylum classification level reached 42.86%. Judging from the results, there is resemblance in the structure of the intestinal flora between the two species. The study not only enhances our understanding of the adaptive strategies and interactions of these two avian species within the ecosystem, but also establishes a crucial foundation for bird resource management and disease prevention and control in this region. It holds significant scientific and practical implications for fields such as ecological conservation and biodiversity.
Replacing sea fish with black soldier fly fermentation homogenate in diet for Pelodiscus sinensis: growth, intestinal development and hepatic health
Authors: Gao S.Q. , Xiang Y.F. , Jiang Z.Y. , Luo Y.H. , Tang G.J. , Zou X.W. , Xie K. , Niu W.J. , Li X.Y. , Xiang J.A. , Tan Z. , Zeng X.Y. , Wang B. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) meal has the potential to partially replace fish meal in the diet of various aquatic animals. The fermentation treatment of BSFL can retain more nutrients and reduce processing and transportation costs. This study investigated the effects of partially replacing fish meal with Black Soldier Fly Fermentation Homogenate (BSFFH) on the growth performance and health of Chinese soft-shelled (Pelodiscus sinensis) turtle. The experiment was divided into 4 different groups of juvenile P. sinensis diets. The control diet included 60% compound feed and 40% sea fish. The 34%, 61%, and 82% substitution groups were fed mixtures, and varying percentages of sea fish were replaced with BSFFH. The results indicate that replacing 34% and 61% sea fish with BSFFH significantly improved growth (P < 0.05). The 61% substitution significantly decreased the muscle fiber size while the 82% substitution significantly upregulated the expression of myogenic genes MYF5 and MRF4 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, replacing sea fish with BSFFH significantly increased hepatic TG content (P < 0.05) and induced mild liver fibrosis, while it reduced the TG content in skeletal (P < 0.05). However, BSFFH did not affect subcutaneous fat weight (P > 0.05). Lastly, the 34% substitution significantly increased the intestine villus height and the ratio of villus height/crypt depth, while higher substitution reduced both values. In addition, the 61% substitution increased the mucus secreted by the intestine goblet cells. In conclusion, partially replacing sea fish with BSFFH improves the growth performance and intestine structure of Chinese soft-shelled turtles. However, a high level of BSFFH could negatively affect growth performance, intestinal structure, and hepatic health.
Sentience and the Issue of Animal Welfare
Authors: Samuel Olusegun Steven 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this article, I discuss a precondition of moral consideration that sets the bar lower at sentience. The popular sentience thesis identifies the capacity to feel pain as its condition of consideration. By appealing to the capacity to feel, it is possible to address some fundamental questions about anthropocentrism such as a threat to sentient animals in factory farming and unnecessary experimentation on nonhuman animals. This article interrogates the issue of animal welfare and exposes how discussions on moral considerations focusing on animal sentience exclude non-sentience animals from public welfare policy. While the sentience thesis is a well-established approach in the animal welfare literature, I argue that it lacks robust normative force and, as such, is inadequate for promoting animal welfare since it forces fragmentation of our moral life.
Rāgs Around the Clock
Authors: Clarke David 
Published: October 2024

Rāgs Around the Clock is a rich and vibrant compendium for the discovery and study of North Indian classical music. The theory and practice of rāg are explored through two interlinked resources: a handbook of essays and analyses offering technical, historical, cultural and aesthetic perspectives; and two online albums – Rāg samay cakra and Twilight Rāgs from North India – featuring khayāl singer Vijay Rajput and accompanists.
Extracts from the albums are also embedded into the text to enhance learning and understanding. Each rāg is accompanied by a description of its chief characteristics and technical features, a notation of the song (bandiś) on which the performance is based, and a transliteration and translation of the song text. Distinctively, Rāg samay cakra also includes spoken renditions of each of the texts, helping non-Hindavi speakers to achieve the correct pronunciation.
Sharing insights from both theory and practice, this collection draws on recent scholarship while also showcasing the vocal idiom – the gāyakī – of Vijay Rajput, a disciple of the late Pandit Bhimsen Joshi. It offers invaluable reading for students and researchers of Indian classical music, world music and ethnomusicology, and a rich repository for teacher and student practitioners of the khayāl vocal style. The combination of an aural and written exploration of rāg will appeal to anyone drawn to this form of music – whether newcomer, student (śiṣyā) or aficionado (rasika).
The Klaic Effect: Dragan Klaić’s Expert Cooperation with Lublin in the European Capital of Culture Competition and the City’s Peripherality
Authors: Łopuszyńska Hanna 
Published: October 2024

The Klaic Effect: Dragan Klaić’s Expert Cooperation with Lublin in the European Capital of Culture Competition and the City’s Peripherality
Culture and theatre critic Dragan Klaić was invited to be an expert collaborator with Lublin during the city’s participation in the 2016 European Capital of Culture competition. In this work, I analyse the researcher’s contribution to the preparation of Lublin’s candidature. I focus on the category of peripherality, which is very important both in Dragan Klaić’s thought and in the context of the city itself. I conclude by stating that Klaić’s projects, through which he proposed ways to both overcome the city’s negative peripherality and to exploit the presence of its positive sides, are still waiting to be realised.

Efekt Klaicia. Współpraca ekspercka Dragana Klaicia z Lublinem w konkursie na Europejską Stolicę Kultury a peryferyjność miasta
Krytyk kultury oraz teatru Dragan Klaić został zaproszony do współpracy eksperckiej z Lublinem podczas udziału miasta w konkursie o tytuł Europejskiej Stolicy Kultury 2016. W tej pracy analizuję wkład badacza w przygotowanie kandydatury Lublina. Skupiam się na kategorii peryferyjności, która jest bardzo ważna zarówno w myśli Dragana Klaicia, jak i w kontekście samego miasta. W zakończeniu stwierdzam, że projekty Klaicia, w których proponował on zarówno sposoby przezwyciężenia negatywnej peryferyjności miasta, jak i wykorzystania jej pozytywnych stron, wciąż czekają na swoją realizację.
Atmospheric Variability Drives Anomalies in the Bering Sea Air–Sea Heat Exchange
Authors: Hayden Emily E. , O’Neill Larry W. , Zippel Seth F. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
High latitudes, including the Bering Sea, are experiencing unprecedented rates of change. Long-term Bering Sea warming trends have been identified, and marine heatwaves (MHWs), event-scale elevated sea surface temperature (SST) extremes, have also increased in frequency and longevity in recent years. Recent work has shown that variability in air–sea coupling plays a dominant role in driving Bering Sea upper-ocean thermal variability and that surface forcing has driven an increase in the occurrence of positive ocean temperature anomalies since 2010. In this work, we characterize the drivers of the anomalous surface air–sea heat fluxes in the Bering Sea over the period 2010–22 using ERA5 fields. We show that the surface turbulent heat flux dominates the net surface heat flux variability from September to April and is primarily a result of near-surface air temperature and specific humidity anomalies. The airmass anomalies that account for the majority of the turbulent heat flux variability are a function of wind direction, with southerly (northerly) wind advecting anomalously warm (cool), moist (dry) air over the Bering Sea, resulting in positive (negative) surface turbulent flux anomalies. During the remaining months of the year, anomalies in the surface radiative fluxes account for the majority of the net surface heat flux variability and are a result of anomalous cloud coverage, anomalous lower-tropospheric virtual temperature, and sea ice coverage variability. Our results indicate that atmospheric variability drives much of the Bering Sea upper-ocean temperature variability through the mediation of the surface heat fluxes during the analysis period.

Significance Statement
A long-term ocean warming trend and a recent increase in marine heatwaves in the Bering Sea have been identified. Previous work showed that anomalies in the exchange of heat between the ocean and the atmosphere were the primary driver of Bering Sea temperature variability, but the processes responsible for the heat exchange anomalies were unknown. In this work, we show that the atmosphere is the primary driver of anomalies in the Bering Sea air–sea heat exchange and therefore plays an important role in altering the thermal state of the Bering Sea. Our results highlight the importance of understanding more about how the ocean and the atmosphere interact at high latitudes and how this relationship will be affected by future climate change.
Cy-1, a major QTL for tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus resistance, harbors a gene encoding a DFDGD-Class RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in cucumber (Cucumis sativus)
Authors: Koeda Sota , Yamamoto Chihiro , Yamamoto Hiroto , Fujishiro Kohei , Mori Ryoma , Okamoto Momoka , Nagano Atsushi J. , Mashiko Takaaki 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) (family Geminiviridae, genus Begomovirus) is a significant threat to cucumber (Cucumis sativus) production in many regions. Previous studies have reported the genetic mapping of loci related to ToLCNDV resistance, but no resistance genes have been identified.

Results
We conducted map-based cloning of the ToLCNDV resistance gene in cucumber accession No.44. Agroinfiltration and graft-inoculation analyses confirmed the resistance of No.44 to ToLCNDV isolates from the Mediterranean and Asian countries. Initial mapping involving two rounds of phenotyping with two independent F2 populations generated by crossing the begomovirus-susceptible cultivar SHF and No.44 consistently detected major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosomes 1 and 2 that confer resistance to ToLCNDV. Fine-mapping of Cy-1, the dominant QTL on chromosome 1, using F3 populations narrowed the candidate region to a 209-kb genomic segment harboring 24 predicted genes. Among these genes, DFDGD-class RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (CsRDR3), an ortholog of Ty-1/Ty-3 of tomato and Pepy-2 of capsicum, was found to be a strong candidate conferring ToLCNDV resistance. The CsRDR3 sequence of No.44 contained multiple amino acid substitutions; the promoter region of CsRDR3 in No.44 had a large deletion; and the CsRDR3 transcript levels were greater in No.44 than in SHF. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of CsRDR3 using two chromosome segment substitution lines harboring chromosome 1 segments derived from No.44 compromised resistance to ToLCNDV.

Conclusions
Forward and reverse genetic approaches identified CsRDR3, which encodes a DFDGD-class RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, as the gene responsible for ToLCNDV resistance at the major QTL Cy-1 on chromosome 1 in cucumber. Marker-assisted breeding of ToLCNDV resistance in cucumber will be expedited by using No.44 and the DNA markers developed in this study.
COVID-19 pandemic, pregnancy care, perinatal outcomes in Eastern Myanmar and North-Western Thailand: a retrospective marginalised population cohort
Authors: Prins Taco Jan , Watthanaworawit Wanitda , Gilder Mary Ellen , Tun Nay Win , Min Aung Myat , Naing May Phoo , Pateekhum Chanapat , Thitiphatsaranan Woranit , Thinraow Suradet , Nosten Francois , Rijken Marcus J. , van Vugt Michele , Angkurawaranon Chaisiri , McGready Rose 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted routine health care and antenatal and birth services globally. The Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU) based at the Thailand-Myanmar border provides cross border antenatal care (ANC) and birth services to marginalised pregnant women. The border between the countries entered lockdown in March 2020 preventing cross-border access for women from Myanmar to Thailand. SMRU adapted by opening a new clinic during the COVID-19 pandemic in Myanmar. This study explored the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and response on access to ANC and pregnancy outcomes for marginalised pregnant women in the border regions between Thailand and Myanmar.

Methods
A retrospective review of medical records of all pregnancies delivered or followed at antenatal clinics of the SMRU from 2017 to the end of 2022. Logistic regression was done to compare the odds of maternal and neonatal outcomes between women who delivered pre-COVID (2017–2019) and women who delivered in the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2022), grouped by reported country of residence: Thailand or Myanmar.

Results
Between 2017 and the end of 2022, there were 13,865 (5,576 resident in Thailand and 8,276 in Myanmar) marginalised pregnant women who followed ANC or gave birth at SMRU clinics. Outcomes of pregnancy were known for 9,748 women with an EGA ≥ 28 weeks. Unknown outcome of pregnancy among women living in Thailand did not increase during the pandemic. However, there was a high (60%) but transient increase in unknown outcome of pregnancy for women with Myanmar residence in March 2020 following border closure and decreasing back to the baseline of 20–30% after establishment of a new clinic. Non-literate women were more likely to have an unknown outcome during the pandemic. There was no statistically significant increase in known stillbirths or maternal deaths during the COVID pandemic in this population but homebirth was over represented in maternal and perinatal mortality.

Conclusion
Decreasing barriers to healthcare for marginalised pregnant women on the Thailand-Myanmar border by establishment of a new clinic was possible in response to sudden border closure during the COVID-19 pandemic and most likely preventing an increase in maternal and perinatal mortality.
A randomized controlled trial of a self-guided mobile app targeting repetitive negative thought to prevent depression in university students: study protocol of the Nurture-U Reducing Worry prevention trial
Authors: Watkins. E. R , Phillips D. , Cranston T. , Choueiri H. , Newton M. , Cook H. , Taylor G. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Tackling poor mental health in university students has been identified as a priority in higher education. However, there are few evidence-based prevention initiatives designed for students. Repetitive Negative Thought (RNT, e.g. worry, rumination) is elevated in university students and is a well-established vulnerability factor for anxiety and depression. Furthermore, there are now evidence-based cognitive-behavioural interventions to tackle RNT. A mobile self-help cognitive-behavioural app targeting RNT, adapted for students may therefore be an effective, scalable, and acceptable way to improve prevention in students.

Methods
An online single blind, two-arm parallel-group Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) to examine the incidence of major depression and symptoms of anxiety and depression across 12 months in university students aged over 16 who screen into the study with self-reported high levels of worry and/or rumination and no current diagnosis of major depression. Eligible participants will be randomised to the active intervention arm (usual practice plus using a self-guided mobile app targeting RNT) or to the control arm (usual practice). In total, 648 participants aged over 16, with no current major depression, bipolar disorder or psychosis will be recruited from UK universities. Assessments will take place at baseline (pre-randomisation), 3 months and 12 months post- randomisation. Primary endpoint and outcome is incidence of major depression as determined by self-reported diagnostic criteria at 12-month follow-up. Depressive symptoms, anxiety, well-being, health-related quality of life, functioning and academic outcomes are secondary outcomes. Compliance, adverse events, and potentially mediating variables will be carefully monitored.

Discussion
The trial aims to provide a better understanding of the causal role of tackling RNT (worry, rumination) using a self-help mobile app with respect to preventing depression in university students. This knowledge will be used to develop and disseminate innovative evidence-based, feasible, and effective mobile-health public health strategies for preventing common mental health problems.

Trial registration
https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN86795807 Date of registration: 27 October 2022