bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between Oral Frailty and Intrinsic Capacity among Older Patients
Authors: huang chunyan , Zhu Lingzhi , Shi Xiaolan , Zhu Haiqiong , Shen Xiaoxing , Ouyang xiaojun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Oral and systemic health are interrelated and interact with each other. However, the relationship between intrinsic capacity (IC) and oral frailty (OF) has not been studied. Hence, the purpose of this research was to clarify the correlation between OF and IC in older patients.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.
SETTING: Hospital-based.
PARTICIPANTS: This investigation included 303 patients aged ≥60 years (149 women and 154 men).
MEASUREMENTS: IC was evaluated in five dimensions, including cognition (Mini-Mental State Examination), vitality (Short-Form Mini Nutritional Assessment), locomotion (Short Physical Performance Battery test), psychological (15-item Geriatric Depression Scale), and sensory (self-reported hearing and vision) capacities. On the basis of thefive domains, an IC composite score (0–5) was created, with lower scores denoting worse IC. The Oral Frailty Index-8 (OFI-8) is a questionnaire that can be usedto screen for oral frailty simply. Eight factors were considered to determine the OF classification. Multiple linear and logistic regressions were carried out to investigate the relationships between OF and its items with the IC composite score and IC domains.
RESULTS: A total of 303 patients were enrolled, with an average age of 75.77±8.18 years. Overall, 44.2% and 61.1% of the participants had OF and IC impairment, respectively. Multiple linear and logistic regressions revealedthat OF was an independent predictor of IC decline. Additionally, multiple linear regression analyses revealedthat the OF group had lower scores in the IC domains (vitality and locomotion) and higher scores in the psychological domain than the non-OF group. OF items (inability to chew hard food [β=-0.172, p=0.002], less frequently going out [β=-0.125, p=0.018], and brushing teeth less than twice a day [β=-0.151, p=0.004]) were the most susceptible to the impact of IC decline. Among the three OF items above, the inability to chew hard food was correlated with worse locomotion (β=-0.122, p=0.028) and psychological capacity (β=0.151, p=0.018), brushing teeth less than twice a day was related to worse cognitive (β=-0.168, p=0.006) and sensory capacity (β=-0.126, p=0.029), and less frequently going out was associated with worse locomotion function (β=-0.202, p<0.001).
CONCLUSION: The present findings suggest that patients with OF may have more severe IC deficits. Among OF items, the inability to chew hard food, brushing teeth less than twice a day, and less frequently going out are important indicators related to the development of IC decline. OF may be employed to detect and manage IC decline.
Prevalence of drug-drug interactions in pediatrics with cardiac disorders receiving off label drugs- a cross-sectional study
Authors: Aamir Muhammad , Fatima Anam , Shahbaz Naila , Akbar Shehla , Aslam Adeel , Barkat Kashif , Afaq Samia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Evidence based medical interventions have improved outcomes of cardiovascular diseases, however, pediatric therapy is still based on clinical experience and extrapolation of adult data. Lack of evidence-based therapy increases the exposure of children to off-label (OL) drugs and clinically significant drug-drug interactions (CSDDIs) ultimately leading to adverse drug reactions. This study evaluated the prevalence of CSDDIs, OL drug use and the associated predictors.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was designed to assess prevalence of CSDDIs and OL prescriptions in 250 patients admitted to pediatric cardiology ward of Hayatabad Medical Complex, Pakistan. DDIs of major severity were categorized as CSDDI. Association of various predictors including OL drug use with CSDDIs was evaluated using logistic regression.
Result: Of the total 250 pediatric patients, 28.6% patients were exposed to at least one clinically significant DDI, while 228 (91.20%) patients received at least one OL prescription. Furosemide was the most frequently prescribed drug involved in CSDDIs, while it was also one of the highly prescribed OL drug. Multivariate analysis revealed that, adolescent age group (OR 12.795; CI 3.077-53.198) and patients prescribed > 5 drugs (OR 3.544; CI 1.906-6.589) were significantly 12.7 and 3.5 times more likely to experience CSDDIs in reference to their corresponding categories. Conclusion: A high prevalence of CSDDIs and OL prescriptions was observed. OL drug presence was also observed to be a significant predictor associated with an increased risk of CSDDIs. Thus, to improve pediatric pharmacotherapy suitable medical interventions are required to decrease OL drug use and CSDDIs.
Evaluation of factors related to longitudinal CD4 count and the risk of death among HIV-infected patients using Bayesian joint models
Authors: Pilangorgi Sahar Souri , khodakarim Soheila , Nejat Mehdi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
In many epidemiological HIV studies, patients are frequently monitored over time to predict their survival by examining their CD4 levels repeatedly. This study aims to evaluate factors related to longitudinal CD4 count and the risk of death among HIV-infected patients using Bayesian joint models.
Methods
The information of patients who were infected with HIV in Fars Province, from 2011–2016 and followed up until 2022 was used in this study. A joint model of count longitudinal outcome and time to death is used to model information of HIV patients.
Results
The majority of patients were male (64.8%) with a median age of 35 years. During the follow-up, 123 patients (19%) died. The age-standardized mortality and incidence rates from 2011 to 2016 were 0.496 and 2.49 per 100000 person-years respectively. The 1-year and 5-year survival rates are 98% (95%CI: 97%, 99%) and 88% (95%CI: 85%, 91%) respectively. There is a significant association in this model between the CD4 cell count and the risk of death. Age, addiction, and unemployment were all significantly linked to a lower CD4 cell count. Age was positively correlated with the risk of death. Men, unemployed individuals, and those with hepatitis B had a higher risk of death.
Conclusion
In this study, we used the Bayesian joint model to investigate the association between the risk of death and the change in CD4 biomarkers that is repeatedly measured over time to determine the factors associated with the survival of HIV-infected persons. The joint model finds a strong association between the CD4 cell count and the risk of death. The joint model allows for a more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing the CD4 cell count and survival time, compared to using separate models.
Characteristics, risk factors and a risk prediction model of tocilizumab-induced hypofibrinogenemia: a retrospective real-world study of inpatients
Authors: Cai Le , Wen Xiao , Qiu Zihan , Fu An , Guo Daihong , Zhu Man 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
The occurrence of hypofibrinogenemia after tocilizumab treatment has attracted increasing attention, which may cause bleeding and even life-threatening. This study aims to explore the risk factors for tocilizumab-induced hypofibrinogenemia (T-HFIB) and construct a risk prediction model.
Methods
A total of 221 inpatients that received tocilizumab from 2015 to 2023 were retrospectively collected and divided into T-HFIB group or control group. The risk factors for T-HFIB were obtained by logistic regression equation and used to establish the nomogram.
Results
T-HFIB was observed in 121 of 221 patients (54.75%). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis revealed that infection (OR = 2.002, 95%CI:1.018 ~ 3.935), COVID-19 (OR = 3.752, 95%CI:1.264 ~ 11.139), CAR-T therapy (OR = 4.409, 95%CI:2.017 ~ 0.894), and concomitant glucocorticoids (OR = 5.303, 95%CI:0.227 ~ 0.894) were identified as independent risk factors for T-HFIB, while high baseline fibrinogen level (OR = 0.813, 95%CI:0.670 ~ 0.988) and concomitant antirheumatic drugs (OR = 0.451, 95%CI:0.227 ~ 0.894) were identified as protective factors. A nomogram was established, and area under the curve (AUC) of prediction model was 0.772 (95%CI:0.709 ~ 0.836). Calibration curve showed a good prediction accuracy for the occurrence of T-HFIB.
Conclusion
The infection, COVID-19, CAR-T therapy, and concomitant glucocorticoids were independent risk factors for T-HFIB, while high baseline fibrinogen and concomitant antirheumatic drugs were protective factors. This nomogram can help early identify the patients at potential high risk of developing T-HFIB.
Factors influencing health information-seeking behavior in patients with periodontitis: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Xu Yuxin , Wang Mengli , Bao Li , Cheng Zijian , Li Xiaojun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
To investigate the current status of health information-seeking behavior (HISB) of periodontitis patients, and to identity its main influencing factors using the Comprehensive Model of Information Seeking (CMIS).
Methods
In total, 274 periodontitis patients were recruited from a specialized dental hospital in Hangzhou by purposive sampling method for a cross-sectional study. Data were collected from the patients by using the general information questionnaire, the Health Information Seeking Behavior Scale, the Self-Efficacy Scale for Self-care (SESS), the Short Form of Health Literacy Dental Scale (HeLD⁃14), and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ). Univariate analysis and regression analysis were utilized to determine the factors influencing the HISB.
Results
The HISB score of periodontitis patients in this study was 3.68 ± 0.40. The low level of HISB was negatively associated with age of 40 ~ 59 (odds ratio [OR] 0.041, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.006–0.299), age of 18 ~ 39 (OR 0.053, 95%CI 0.008–0.364), better understandability of information carriers (characteristic) [OR 0.317, 95%CI 0.119–0.840], better satisfaction of information carriers (utility) [OR 0.027, 95%CI 0.008–0.089] and high self-efficacy level [OR 0.124, 95% CI 0.030–0.505].
Conclusions
Elderly patients and those with lower self-efficacy require more attention. In terms of health information, it is important to make the information more understandable and to assess patients' expectations and needs for information in a timely matter, with a goal of improving the recent HISB of Chinese periodontitis patients.
Simulation of optical coherence tomography to determine refractive indices of retinal layers in different organisms
Authors: Pakarzadeh Hassan , Gharibshahi Masoumeh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique capable to produce two-dimensional (2D) images or three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of inhomogeneous samples. OCT is mainly used in ophthalmology as a powerful tool for early diagnosis of eye diseases. The main goal of this article is to simulate the interferogram of OCT images and obtain the refractive index related to each retina layers in different organisms, including human, monkey, cow and dog. To achieve this goal, by simulating the interferogram of OCT images in the time and frequency domains for a supergaussian light source, different retinal samples are studied and for the given layer thicknesses, the refractive indices of different retina layers are determined.
Evaluation of 3D-printed Porous titanium alloy versus Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cages in the surgical treatment of multilevel cervical degenerative disease
Authors: Khalilullah Taha , Singhal Anupam , Nayak Pratibha , Amrhein Shannon , Panchal Ripul Rajen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Study Design
- Single-center retrospective cohort study.
Purpose
- To compare the long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients who have undergone multilevel anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) with either 3D-printed titanium (TTN) or polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cages.
Overview of Literature
- ACDF with 3D-printed TTN or polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cages is an effective surgery for patients with cervical radiculopathy/myelopathy. The advent of 3D-printed porous TTN cages and its microporous structure has contributed to diminished subsidence and improved osseointegration compared to PEEK. This study compares the long-term outcomes of both implants among patients who underwent a multi-level ACDF procedure.
Methods
– 96 patients underwent multilevel (2, 3, 4) ACDF surgery, of whom 66 and 30 received a PEEK and 3D-printed TTN interbody cage, respectively. Radiographic outcomes for fusion, cage migration, and subsidence were determined with cervical x-rays and analyzed with independent 2-sample T-test and χ2 test. Visual analog score (VAS) and Neck Disability Index (NDI) score were examined with repeated measure analysis of variance.
Results
- The TTN group reported diminished NDI scores compared to the PEEK group (6.74 ± 5.58 vs 11.29 ± 8.67, p = 0.017) 2 years postoperatively. Furthermore, patients with 3D-printed TTN implants had a significantly shorter duration to fusion at the distal operated level in 3-level ACDF procedures (12.0 ± 5.20 vs 19.1 ± 5.91) (p = .011). The two cohorts reported no statistically significant difference in fusion rates.
Conclusions
– 3D-printed TTN implants enhanced the time to bony fusion at distal levels relative to PEEK cages. Clinically, patients with 3D-printed TTN implants reported diminished NDI scores at 2 years postoperatively. Such findings highlight the difference in outcomes clinically and radiographically for PEEK and 3D-printed TTN implants that need to be considered in optimizing multilevel ACDF procedures.
18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters are correlated with clinical features and valuable in clinical stratification management in patients of castleman disease
Authors: Wang Guolin , Xu Qianhe , Liu Yinuo , Wang Huatao , Yang Fei , Liu Zhenfeng , Su Xinhui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder. This study is to evaluate the correlation between 18F-FDG PET/CT and clinical features in CD patients, and exploring its value in distinguishing disease severity and assisting in risk stratification.
Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 93 patients with newly diagnosed CD. Traditional semi-quantitative 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters including the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), total metabolic lesion volume (MLV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were measured, and the lymph node to liver ratio of SUVmax (LLR), lymph node to mediastinal blood pool of SUVmax (LMR), spleen to liver ratio of SUVmax (SLR) and No. of involved lymph node stations (LNS) were calculated. The correlation between these metabolic parameters and clinical features were studyed using a univariate analysis. The influencing factors of CD severity were determined by univariate and multivariate analysis. The optimal cut-off values for metabolic parameters were obtained by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve .
Results
A total of 20 unicentric CD (UCD) and 73 multicentric CD (MCD) cases were included, with the highest SUVmax of Lymph nodes ranged 1.40 ~ 28.18 (median, 4.86). The metabolic parameters (SUVmax, MLV, TLG, LLR, LMR, SLR) in MCD were significantly higher than those in UCD (p < 0.05). There were significant differences in MLV, TLG, LLR and SLR among different histological subtypes (p < 0.05). The No. of involved lymph node stations (LNS) and spleen-to-liver ratio (SLR) were significantly correlated with laboratory findings. In univariate and multivariate analyses, SLR (p = 0.011; OR value = 14.806) and HGB (p = 0.004; OR value = 0.044) exhibited an independent correlation with disease severity. The ROC curve revealed that SLR had a sensitivity of 77.4%, specificity of 69.4% and AUC of 0.761 (cut-off value = 1.04; p < 0.001) in discriminating severity of CD. SLR also showed significant statistical differences between severe and non-severe iMCD (p = 0.016).
Conclusions
SLR is closely related to clinical features of CD, and can relatively effectively differentiate the severity of CD and assist in the clinical risk stratification of iMCD.
Association of clinical correlates, metabolic parameters, and thyroid hormones with suicide attempts in first-episode and drug-naïve adolescent depression comorbid with anxiety: a large-scale cross-sectional study
Authors: Fan Xiwang , Liu Xingyu , Zhou Rong , Zhang Chenqian , Lin Jing , Zhong Yiwen , Zhang Xiangyang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The prevalence of youth depression is rising, making the identification of reliable biomarkers for early detection increasingly challenging. This study explores potential biomarkers in youth experiencing their first depressive episode, with comorbid anxiety, and metabolic or thyroid imbalances.
Methods
We recruited 399 participants and measured thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), fasting blood glucose (FBG), cholesterol levels, body mass index (BMI), and blood pressure.
Results
Participants with abnormal TSH levels exhibited longer durations of depression, higher rates of suicidal behavior, increased anxiety, and more severe psychotic symptoms. Significant differences were observed in FBG, cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and BMI. Suicidal behavior was associated with higher TSH levels, anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (A-TG), and total cholesterol (TC), as well as lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and BMI.
Conclusions
Our findings indicate a higher incidence of suicidal behaviors in youth with major depressive disorder (MDD) and comorbid anxiety symptoms. Elevated TSH levels, abnormal TC and HDL-C levels, and metabolic dysfunctions are significant risk factors. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring these biomarkers in managing youth with MDD.
Prognostic implications of quantitative flow ratio and optical coherence tomography-guided neointimal characteristics in drug-coated balloon treatment for in-stent restenosis
Authors: Lu Shiwan , Pan Li , Gu Ning , Deng Yi , Deng Chancui , Li Xiushi , Wang Feng , Zhao Yongchao , Wang Zhenglong , Shi Bei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between quantitative flow ratio (QFR) after drug-coated balloon (DCB) treatment for in-stent restenosis (ISR) and between neointimal characteristics assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and clinical outcomes. This single-center, retrospective, observational cohort study included ISR patients who underwent DCB angioplasty under OCT guidance. The primary outcome of the study was a patient-oriented composite endpoint (POCE), defined as a composite endpoint of all-cause mortality, any stroke, any myocardial infarction, or any revascularization.During a median follow-up of 630 (IQR: 397–886) days, 147 ISR patients underwent OCT-guided DCB angioplasty, resulting in POCE development in 20 patients. At the post-procedural DCB angioplasty, the vessel-level QFR was significantly lower in the POCE group(0.88 [IQR:0.87, 0.90] vs 0.93 [IQR: 0.91, 0.95]; P < 0.001) than in the non-POCE group. Analysis of the qualitative characteristics of ISR lesions showed a significantly higher incidence of heterogeneous neointima in the POCE group compared with the non-POCE group (10 [50.00%] vs 12 [9.45%]; P < 0.001). In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, low vessel-level QFR (HR per 0.1 increase: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.03–0.39;P < 0.001) and heterogeneous neointima were independently associated with POCE. The POCE rate of vessels with the 2 features was 17.94 times higher than that of all other vessels (95%CI [2.91–110.6]; log-rank P < 0.001). Vessel-level QFR and heterogeneous neointima were independent factors associated with POCE in ISR patients after DCB angioplasty. Adding the QFR measure-ment to OCT findings may enable better discrimination of patients with subsequent POCE post-DCB angioplasty for ISR.
Intraoral Perfusion Assessment Using Endoscopic Hyperspectral Imaging (EHSI) – First Description of a Novel Approach
Authors: Römer Paul , Blatt Sebastian , Siegberg Fabia , Vinayahalingam Shankeeth , Al-Nawas Bilal , Kämmerer Peer W. , Thiem Daniel G. E. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to establish a method to detect and quantify mucosal malperfusion intraorally using state-of-the-art Endoscopic Hyperspectral Imaging (EHSI). For this purpose, mucosal ischemia was selectively induced by intraligamentary anesthesia (ILA) with and without + epinephrine using a standardized protocol.
Material and Methods
EHSI was performed using a novel endoscopic hyperspectral imaging system. Parameters assessed were Tissue Oxygen Saturation (StO2 [%]), Tissue Hemoglobin Index (THI), Near Infrared Perfusion Index (NPI) and Tissue Water Index (TWI). Fifty-seven healthy subjects received ILA using Articaine 4% with (ILA+) and without (ILA-) epinephrine at a dosage of 1:200,000 administered mesially and distally to the target tooth 42 (Universal No. 26). Mucosal perfusion was assessed using EHSI for 45 minutes post-injection.
Results
After ILA+, a distinct ischemia of the mucosa was already clinically apparent after 30 sec with significant reduction of THI and StO2 by an average of 57% (p < 0.001) and 7% (p < 0.040) compared to baseline values. Persistent hypoperfusion of the oral mucosa was observed throughout the monitoring period, exhibiting a gradual resolution at the 30-minute mark, and nearing baseline perfusion approximately 45 minutes post-injection. There was no papillary necrosis after ILA + injection.
Conclusion
EHSI is suitable to adequately detect and visualize actual perfusion of the intraoral mucosa. The study revealed that LA with epinephrine (1:200,000) induce temporary hypoxia in the dental papilla but without causing severe ischemia.
Clinical Relevance:
EHSI will enable promising applications in the future, i.a. success monitoring of periodontal therapies, intraoral free flap monitoring and the assessment of cancer margins.
Clinicopathological Characteristics of Mucinous Breast Cancer: a Retrospective Analysis of a 6-year Study From National Cancer Center in Vietnam
Authors: Phung Thi Huyen , Pham Thanh Tung , Nguyen Huu Thang , Nguyen Dinh Thach , Nguyen Thanh Long , Hoang Thi Hoai 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate clinicopathological features in women with mucinous breast cancer (MBC), distinguishing between pure (PMC) and mixed (MMC) subtype.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of all 358 women with MBC treated at Vietnam National Cancer hospital from June 2015 to December 2020. PMC was defined by ≥ 90% mucinous components.
Results: We identified 358 women with MBC (245 PMC and 113 MMC) representing 2.7% of all 13,254 BC patients. The proportion of stage I, II, III and IV were 34.9%, 50.8%, 10.4% and 3.9% respectively. The rate of HER2 overexpression is 12%, in which only 1.4% of patients was treated with anti-HER2. 193 patients (53.9%) had chemotherapy, including 55 patients (15.4%) treated in neoadjuvant setting. Only 3 patients (5.5%) achieved pCR.
PMC patients were older (54.4±13.3 vs 51.1±13.1 years), had lower Ki67 expression, lower incidence of nodal metastasis (N+) (p values <0.05). At median follow-up of 58 months, the 5-year overall survival rate of non-metastatic patients was 86.6%. Multivariate analysis showed N+ to be the most significant prognostic factor (HR=3.3; 95%CI 1.5-7.1), followed by T (HR=2.9; 95%CI 1.4-6.3), HER2+ (HR=2.5; 95%CI 1.2-5.3) and MMC subtype (HR=1.9; 95%CI 1.0-3.9). Amongs 245 patients with stage T1-2N0M0, 40.8% of those treated with CT related to worse overall survival (5-year OS 88.0% vs 95.6%, p=0.04)
Conclusion: Poor prognostic factors of MBC include high T, N stage, HER2 overexpression and MMC subtype. CT in stage T1-2N0M0 brings worse survival outcome. Given the low response rate to neoadjuvant CT, upfront surgery is appropriate for MBC patients.