bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Label-free enumeration, collection and downstream cytological and cytogenetic analysis of circulating tumor cells
Authors: Dhar Manjima , Pao Edward , Renier Corinne , Go Derek E. , Che James , Montoya Rosita , Conrad Rachel , Matsumoto Melissa , Heirich Kyra , Triboulet Melanie , Rao Jianyu , Jeffrey Stefanie S. , Garon Edward B. , Goldman Jonathan , Rao Nagesh P. , Kulkarni Rajan , Sollier-Christen Elodie , Di Carlo Dino 
Published: October 2016

AbstractCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) have a great potential as indicators of metastatic disease that may help physicians improve cancer prognostication, treatment and patient outcomes. Heterogeneous marker expression as well as the complexity of current antibody-based isolation and analysis systems highlights the need for alternative methods. In this work, we use a microfluidic Vortex device that can selectively isolate potential tumor cells from blood independent of cell surface expression. This system was adapted to interface with three protein-marker-free analysis techniques: (i) an in-flow automated image processing system to enumerate cells released, (ii) cytological analysis using Papanicolaou (Pap) staining and (iii) fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) targeting the ALK rearrangement. In-flow counting enables a rapid assessment of the cancer-associated large circulating cells in a sample within minutes to determine whether standard downstream assays such as cytological and cytogenetic analyses that are more time consuming and costly are warranted. Using our platform integrated with these workflows, we analyzed 32 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 22 breast cancer patient samples, yielding 60 to 100% of the cancer patients with a cell count over the healthy threshold, depending on the detection method used: respectively 77.8% for automated, 60–100% for cytology, and 80% for immunostaining based enumeration.
“Simple” and “double” applicatives in Shiwilu (Kawapanan)
Authors: Valenzuela Pilar M. 
Published: October 2016

Shiwilu (Kawapanan, Peru) exhibits a prolific applicative system that comprises seven constructions involving distinct affixes. The present article offers the first account of this feature. In so doing, it seeks to expand our typological knowledge of linguistic systems with multiple applicative constructions and shed light onto the ways applicative constructions relate to word derivation.The suffix-tuis particularly intriguing. It modifies the verb valency by either adding or suppressing an object, depending on the base to which it attaches. Comparable affixes that perform these seemingly opposite functions are found in other languages of the world (see instances of applicative / antipassive polysemy, Malchukov, ms.). What makes Shiwilu special is that-tuis also required in certain types of applicative constructions simultaneously to the dedicated applicative. This double derivation strategy has not been reported for other languages of the region and is unattested in Shawi, Shiwilu’s only sister language.
A story of culture and teaching: the complexity of teacher identity formation
Authors: Edwards F.C.E. , Edwards R.J. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTResearch in teacher education repeatedly suggests that the background and underlying beliefs held by pre‐service teachers about teaching and assessment act to shape their interpretations of ideas, powerfully influencing their praxis and their developing teacher identity. This paper explores how a young New Zealand secondary science teacher, raised and educated in Māori‐medium and then English‐medium New Zealand schools, develops his identity as a teacher as he navigates a range of educational contexts and experiences. His views on assessment provide a focus. The paper presents a case study drawn from a two‐year longitudinal study, comprising a series of interviews with the teacher, as he transitioned from a university graduate to a qualified science teacher working in his first school. The complexity of teacher identity development is highlighted, particularly for teachers for whom cultural identity and indigenous world view is important. It suggests that beginning teachers need more time in their pre‐service teacher education to reflect on the influence their formative educational experiences have on who they are becoming as a teacher.
Changes in organisation of instep kicking as a function of wearing compression and textured materials
Authors: Hasan Hosni , Davids Keith , Chow Jia Yi , Kerr Graham 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis study investigated effects of wearing compression garments and textured insoles on modes of movement organisation emerging during performance of lower limb interceptive actions in association football. Participants were six skilled (age = 15.67 ± 0.74 years) and six less‐skilled (age = 15.17 ± 1.1 years) football players. All participants performed 20 instep kicks with maximum velocity in four randomly organised insoles and socks conditions, (a) Smooth Socks with Smooth Insoles (SSSI); (b) Smooth Socks with Textured Insoles (SSTI); (c) Compression Socks with Smooth Insoles (CSSI); and (d), Compression Socks with Textured Insoles (CSTI). Results showed that, when wearing textured and compression materials (CSSI condition), less‐skilled participants displayed significantly greater hip extension and flexion towards the ball contact phase, indicating larger ranges of motion in the kicking limb than in other conditions. Less‐skilled participants also demonstrated greater variability in knee–ankle intralimb (angle–angle plots) coordination modes in the CSTI condition. Findings suggested that use of textured and compression materials increased attunement to somatosensory information from lower limb movement, to regulate performance of dynamic interceptive actions like kicking, especially in less‐skilled individuals.
Predictors of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment After Introduction of a New Regimen: A Retrospective Cohort Study at an Inner City Clinic
Authors: Yamin Aliya , Bornstein Ethan , Hensel Rachel , Mohamed Omar , Kempker Russell R. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Background.  Despite the low and decreasing prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in the United States, there remain certain high-risk groups with high incidence rates. The targeted screening and treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI) among these high-risk groups are needed to achieve TB elimination; however, by most accounts, LTBI treatment completion rates remain low.
Methods.  We retrospectively studied all patients accepting treatment for LTBI at the Fulton County Health Department TB clinic over 2 years. Medical chart abstraction was performed to collect information on sociodemographics, medical, and LTBI treatment history. Treatment completion was defined as finishing ≥88% of the prescribed regimen. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of treatment completion.
Results.  Among 547 adults offered LTBI treatment, 424 (78%) accepted treatment and 298 of 424 (70%) completed treatment. The median age was 42 years, most patients were black (77%), and close to one third did not have stable housing. No significant difference in completion rates was found between the 3 regimens of 9 months isoniazid (65%), 4 months rifampin (71%), and 3 months of weekly rifapentine and isoniazid (79%). In multivariate analysis, having stable housing increased the odds of finishing treatment, whereas tobacco use and an adverse event decreased the odds.
Conclusion.  Utilizing comprehensive case management, we demonstrated high rates of LTBI treatment completion, including among those receiving a 3-month regimen. Completion rates were higher among persons with stable housing, and this finding highlights the need to develop strategies that will improve adherence among homeless persons.
Fusarium Osteomyelitis in a Patient With Pearson Syndrome: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Hiebert Rachael M. , Welliver Robert C. , Yu Zhongxin 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Fusarium species are ubiquitous fungi causing a wide array of infections, including invasive disease in the immunosuppressed. We present a fusarium bone infection in a child with Pearson syndrome and review the literature. Ten cases of fusarium osteomyelitis were reported in the past 40 years, and we review the treatments.
Disentangling the role of neutrophil extracellular traps in rheumatic diseases
Authors: Lightfoot Yaíma L. , Kaplan Mariana J. 
Published: October 2016

Purpose of reviewA breakdown of immune tolerance to self-antigens in a genetically predisposing background, precipitated by environmental triggers, contributes to the development of systemic autoimmune diseases. Renewed interest in the immunomodulatory capabilities of neutrophils in systemic autoimmunity has identified neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation as a distinguishing action of neutrophils in afflicted hosts.Recent findingsOxidation of nucleic acids and posttranslational modifications of proteins distinctly occur during NET formation and may promote enhanced immunogenicity. Various autoantibodies, immune complexes, and other inflammatory stimuli have been recently reported to promote NET formation in individuals with autoimmune diseases. Associations between level of NETosis and adverse outcomes in systemic autoimmune diseases, including thrombosis, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and renal disease, continue to be investigated.SummaryUnderstanding the putative pathogenic role and sequelae of NETosis in rheumatic diseases is a major focus of ongoing research efforts. Mechanisms elucidated by these discoveries may provide novel therapeutic targets to inhibit NET formation and/or promote the clearance of immunogenic NET material.
Effectiveness of Treatment for Distal Tibial Nonunions With Associated Complex Deformities Using a Hexapod External Fixator
Authors: Arvesen John E. , Tracy Watson J. , Israel Heidi 
Published: October 2016

Objective:
To determine the efficacy of a hexapod external fixator (TSF) and its ability to perform 6-axis correction in restoring deformities associated with distal tibial nonunions.

Design:
Consecutive retrospective case review.

Setting:
St. Louis University Hospital. Level 1 Trauma Center.

Patients/Participants:
Thirty-seven patients with distal tibial nonunion with greater than 5 degrees of deformity in any plane. Patients were excluded who were less than 18 years of age, had tibial deformities less than 5 degrees, had proximal or middle tibial deformities, or had less than 1 year of follow-up.

Intervention:
Patients with distal tibial nonunions with combined deformities were treated by the senior author with a hexapod device. Preoperative mechanical axis deviation and union status were assessed. Postoperative parameters evaluated included anatomic and mechanical axis determination and adequacy of union. Metrics include long alignment films with routine clinical follow-up.

Main Outcome Measurements:
Assessment of deformity correction in 6 axes, restoration to union, and mechanical axis correction.

Results:
Average combined preoperative deformity was greater than 17.7 degrees. Average mechanical axis was restored within 5 degrees of the desired goal in all categories except in patients with severe preoperative valgus deformities. The complex nonunion group had a 94% union rate. Average time in the hexapod was 106.7 days. Average follow-up time was 2 years.

Conclusions:
Hexapod external fixators can be used as an accurate modality to heal complex distal tibia nonunions with multifocal deformities and significant mechanical axis deviation. These difficult reconstructions are accomplished with minimum complications using these devices.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Fatigue Failure in Extra-Articular Proximal Tibia Fractures: Locking Intramedullary Nail Versus Double Locking Plates—A Biomechanical Study
Authors: Kandemir Utku , Herfat Safa , Herzog Mary , Viscogliosi Paul , Pekmezci Murat 
Published: October 2016

Objectives:
The goal of this study is to compare the fatigue strength of a locking intramedullary nail (LN) construct with a double locking plate (DLP) construct in comminuted proximal extra-articular tibia fractures.

Methods:
Eight pairs of fresh frozen cadaveric tibias with low bone mineral density [age: 80 ± 7 (SD) years, T-score: −2.3 ± 1.2] were used. One tibia from each pair was fixed with LN, whereas the contralateral side was fixed with DLP for complex extra-articular multifragmentary metaphyseal fractures (simulating OTA 41-A3.3). Specimens were cyclically loaded under compression simulating single-leg stance by staircase method out to 260,000 cycles. Every 2500 cycles, localized gap displacements were measured with a 3D motion tracking system, and x-ray images of the proximal tibia were acquired. To allow for mechanical settling, initial metrics were calculated at 2500 cycles. The 2 groups were compared regarding initial construct stiffness, initial medial and lateral gap displacements, stiffness at 30,000 cycles, medial and lateral gap displacements at 30,000 cycles, failure load, number of cycles to failure, and failure mode. Failure metrics were reported for initial and catastrophic failures.

Results:
DLP constructs exhibited higher initial stiffness and stiffness at 30,000 cycles compared with LN constructs (P < 0.03). There were no significant differences between groups for loads at failure or cycles to failure.

Conclusions:
For the fixation of extra-articular proximal tibia fractures, a LN provides a similar fatigue performance to double locked plates. The locked nail could be safely used for fixation of proximal tibia fractures with the advantage of limited extramedullary soft tissue damage.
Influence of Depression on Utilization of Cardiac Rehabilitation Postmyocardial Infarction
Authors: Zullo Melissa D. , Gathright Emily C. , Dolansky Mary A. , Josephson Richard A. , Cheruvu Vinay K. , Hughes Joel W. 
Published: October 2016

PURPOSE:
On the basis of several small studies, depression is often considered a barrier to cardiac rehabilitation (CR) enrollment and program completion. The purpose of this research was to examine the association between depression diagnosis and participation in CR in a large sample of Medicare beneficiaries with recent myocardial infarction (MI).

METHODS:
This was a retrospective study of Medicare beneficiaries with an MI during 2008 (N = 158 991). CR enrollment was determined by the Carrier and Outpatient files using the Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System #93797 or #93798. Depression diagnosis was obtained from the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes in the Medicare Provider Analysis and Review (MEDPAR), Outpatient and Carrier Files. The association between depression diagnosis and CR attendance was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression.

RESULTS:
Overall, 14% (n = 22 735) of the study population attended CR within 1 year of MI diagnosis. Twenty-eight percent (n = 43 827) had a diagnosis of depression, with 96% of cases documented before enrollment in CR. Twenty-eight percent with a diagnosis of depression compared with 9% without depression attended CR. In adjusted analysis, patients with depression were 3.9 (99% CI, 3.7-4.2) times more likely to attend CR compared with those without depression. Program completion (≥25 sessions) was more common in those with depression (56%) than in those without (35%) (P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Diagnosis of depression in Medicare beneficiaries was strongly associated with attending CR and attending more sessions of CR compared with those without depression. Depression is not a barrier to CR participation after MI in Medicare beneficiaries.
Open-label placebo treatment in chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Carvalho Cláudia , Caetano Joaquim Machado , Cunha Lidia , Rebouta Paula , Kaptchuk Ted J. , Kirsch Irving 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This randomized controlled trial was performed to investigate whether placebo effects in chronic low back pain could be harnessed ethically by adding open-label placebo (OLP) treatment to treatment as usual (TAU) for 3 weeks. Pain severity was assessed on three 0- to 10-point Numeric Rating Scales, scoring maximum pain, minimum pain, and usual pain, and a composite, primary outcome, total pain score. Our other primary outcome was back-related dysfunction, assessed on the Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire. In an exploratory follow-up, participants on TAU received placebo pills for 3 additional weeks. We randomized 97 adults reporting persistent low back pain for more than 3 months' duration and diagnosed by a board-certified pain specialist. Eighty-three adults completed the trial. Compared to TAU, OLP elicited greater pain reduction on each of the three 0- to 10-point Numeric Rating Scales and on the 0- to 10-point composite pain scale (P < 0.001), with moderate to large effect sizes. Pain reduction on the composite Numeric Rating Scales was 1.5 (95% confidence interval: 1.0-2.0) in the OLP group and 0.2 (−0.3 to 0.8) in the TAU group. Open-label placebo treatment also reduced disability compared to TAU (P < 0.001), with a large effect size. Improvement in disability scores was 2.9 (1.7-4.0) in the OLP group and 0.0 (−1.1 to 1.2) in the TAU group. After being switched to OLP, the TAU group showed significant reductions in both pain (1.5, 0.8-2.3) and disability (3.4, 2.2-4.5). Our findings suggest that OLP pills presented in a positive context may be helpful in chronic low back pain.
Renal protection in the 21st century
Authors: Meersch Melanie , Zarbock Alexander 
Published: October 2016

Purpose of review
Among critically ill patients, acute kidney injury (AKI) is still a common and serious complication with a tremendous impact on short-term and long-term outcomes. The objective of this review is to discuss strategies for renal protection and prevention of AKI in ICU patients.

Recent findings
It is fundamental to identify patients at risk for AKI as soon as possible and as accurately as possible. In order to achieve these goals, translational approaches implementing new biomarkers have shown promising results. Focusing on the role of potential preventive strategies, hemodynamic stabilization is the most important intervention with proven efficacy. Recent published data undermined any hope that high-dose statin therapy in statin-naïve patients could exert renoprotective effects. However, preliminary data revealed the renoprotective activity of dexmedetomidine when used as a sedative agent. Moreover, several studies demonstrated the protective effects of remote ischemic preconditioning in various organs including the kidneys. The use of balanced crystalloid instead of hyperchloremic solutions also contributes to the reduction of AKI in critically ill patients.

Summary
To prevent AKI, it is crucial to identify patients at risk as early as possible. Establishing hemodynamic stability and an adequate intravascular volume state to ensure a sufficient perfusion pressure is the only effective therapeutic intervention. It is self-evident that nephrotoxic agents should be avoided whenever it is possible.
The Built Environment and Birth Outcomes
Authors: Nowak Alexandra L. , Giurgescu Carmen 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Objective:
The purpose of this systematic review is to report findings of published studies of the relationships between poor-quality built environments and negative birth outcomes.

Method:
Quantitative studies measuring various aspects of the built environment including property damage, housing damage, physical disorder, physical incivilities, nuisance, vacancy, tenure, occupancy, and structural deterioration and their effects on birth outcomes such as preterm birth, low birthweight, and small for gestational age were identified using Scopus, PubMed, Medline, and PsycINFO databases.

Results:
A total of 2,059 abstracts were reviewed based on the search criteria. After excluding 2,051 studies that did not measure the relationship between the physical built environment and negative birth outcomes, eight studies were reviewed. Seven of the eight studies identified reported significant positive relationships between poor-quality built environment and negative birth outcomes.

Clinical Implications:
A poor-quality built environment is related to negative birth outcomes, particularly for African American women. Nurses should assess conditions of the built environment of pregnant women. Women who experience psychological stress and/or depressive symptoms due to their built environment should be referred for mental health evaluation and treatment with the goal of improving maternal mental health and birth outcomes.
Childhood Adversity and Pain Sensitization
Authors: You Dokyoung Sophia , Meagher Mary W. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Objective
Childhood adversity is a vulnerability factor for chronic pain. However, the underlying pain mechanisms influenced by childhood adversity remain unknown. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the impact of childhood adversity on dynamic pain sensitivity in young adults.

Methods
After screening for childhood adverse events and health status, healthy individuals reporting low (below median; n = 75) or high levels of adversity (the top 5%; n = 51) were invited for pain testing. Both groups underwent heat pain threshold and temporal summation of second pain (TSSP) testing after reporting depressive symptoms. TSSP refers to a progressive increase in pain intensity with repetition of identical noxious stimuli and is attributed to central sensitization. Changes in pain ratings over time (slope) were computed for TSSP sensitization and decay of subsequent aftersensations.

Results
The high-adversity group showed greater TSSP sensitization (meanslope, 0.75; SDpositive slope
, 1.78), and a trend toward a slower decay (meanslope, −11.9; SD, 3.4), whereas the low-adversity group showed minimal sensitization (meanslope, 0.07; SDnear-zero slope, 1.77), F(1,123) = 5.84, p = .017 and faster decay (meanslope, −13.1; SD, 3.4), F(1,123) = 3.79, p = .054. This group difference remained significant even after adjusting for adult depressive symptoms (p = .033). No group difference was found in heat pain threshold (p = .85). Lastly, the high-adversity group showed blunted cardiac and skin conductance responses.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that enhancement of central sensitization may provide a mechanism underlying the pain hypersensitivity and chronicity linked to childhood adversity.