bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smoke and mirrors at the United Nations’ universal periodic review process
Authors: Patel Gayatri 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
In 2006, the United Nations’ Human Rights Council was tasked to establish a new human rights monitoring mechanism: the universal periodic review process. The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature of discussions held in the process, over the two cycles of review in relation to women’s rights to access health care services.

Design/methodology/approach
This investigation is a documentary analysis of the reports of 193 United Nations’ state reports, over two cycles of review.

Findings
The primary findings of this investigation reveal that despite an apparent consensus on the issue, a deeper analysis of the discussions suggests that the dialogue between states is superficial in nature, with limited commitments made by states under review in furthering the protection of women’s right to access health care services in the domestic context.

Practical implications
Considering the optimism surrounding the UPR process, the findings reveal that the nature of discussions held on women’s rights to health care services is at best a missed opportunity to make a significant impact to initiate, and inform, changes to practices on the issue in the domestic context; and at worst, raises doubts as to whether the core aim of the process, to improve the protection and promotion of all human rights on the ground, is being fulfilled.

Originality/value
Deviating from the solely technocratic analysis of the review process in the existing literature, this investigation has considered the UPR process as a phenomenon of exploration in itself, and will provide a unique insight as to how this innovative monitoring mechanism operates in practice, with a particular focus on women’s right to access health care services.
A case for a health promotion framework: the psychosocial experiences of female, migrant sex workers in Ireland
Authors: Sweeney Leigh-Ann , FitzGerald Sharron 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the barriers preventing women in prostitution from accessing co-ordinated health services in the Republic of Ireland. By examining the experiences of migrant women engaged in prostitution, the research contributes to knowledge pertaining to the psychosocial experiences of female sex workers’ access to healthcare.

Design/methodology/approach
The study interviewed migrant women across Ireland, using a biographical narrative approach and an adapted voice-centred relational model of analysis to determine the necessity for a health promotion strategy for this demographic.

Findings
The findings indicate migrant women work primarily indoors, hold precarious legal status and are in Ireland due to processes of globalisation, migration and economic necessity. The women discussed their entry into prostitution and their experiences within prostitution in the context of their psychosocial experiences.

Research limitations/implications
While the findings are from a small qualitative sample confined to the Republic of Ireland, it is the first study to prioritise migrant sex workers’ psychosocial experiences in Ireland.

Practical implications
The research concludes education and service development that respects the various social determinants impacting women in prostitution is missing but remains necessary in Ireland. It finds a gendered reform of policies using an ecological framework for health that can address issues of poverty, migration and the global trends of the sex industry.

Social implications
This means a national review of current services in health, social work and community development fields is timely.

Originality/value
This paper gives insight into the lives of migrant women involved in the sex industry and can make an important contribution to future research directions and practice in Irish and European prostitution contexts.
Economic freedom and veto players jointly affect entrepreneurship
Authors: Lihn Jacob , Bjørnskov Christian 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore how the strength of political veto players affects the long-run credibility of economic institutions and how they jointly affect entrepreneurial activity.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors employ an annual panel covering 30 OECD countries from 1993 to 2011.

Findings
An error correction model identifies a positive and significant short-run effect on self-employment from large government spending at low levels of veto player strength. A static model conversely indicates that smaller government spending is positively associated with entrepreneurship at lower levels of veto player strength in the long run.

Originality/value
The authors are the first to explore the interaction of economic and political institutions in the development of entrepreneurship.
A contract theory approach to special and differential treatment and the WTO
Authors: Switzer Stephanie 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
This paper is prompted by the dissatisfaction of developing countries regarding the grant of special and differential treatment (SDT) under the legal framework of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). As a result of such dissatisfaction, the Doha Round of multilateral trade negotiations explicitly called for a review of such treatment with a view to making it more precise, effective and operational. This mandate has not yet been met to the satisfaction of many developing countries. This paper aims to provide an alternative way of examining and evaluating the contestation which exists regarding SDT in the WTO.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses the conceptual framework provided by the economic contract theory and in particular, the concept of the incomplete contract to provide a scaffold for analysing SDT. This approach is intended to offer insights beyond those elucidated so far in the literature on the topic.

Findings
This paper, by using an economic contract theory approach, finds that SDT is constructed as an incomplete contract. Furthermore, the suboptimal outcomes associated with incomplete contracts are apparent in the constitution of SDT. This finding is useful in both an evaluative and programmatic sense, providing us with an alternative entry point to explain some of the shortcomings with SDT, as well as garnering us with a useful conceptual tool to think upon how SDT can be improved.

Originality/value
The paper contributes to the literature on SDT within the WTO in particular and differential treatment in international law in general. Drawing on literature on the WTO as an incomplete contract, the paper provides an original frame for analyzing SDT and draws attention, in particular, to the utility of the economic contract theory as a programmatic and evaluative frame for SDT and differential treatment more generally.
A systematic review of evidence on psychometric properties of information literacy tests
Authors: Mahmood Khalid 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to present the results of a systematic review of the evidence on psychometric properties of information literacy (IL) tests.

Design/methodology/approach
A two-stage search strategy was used to find relevant studies in two subject and three general databases. A descriptive review of test characteristics and psychometric properties was presented. The review included 29 studies describing psychometric properties of 18 IL tests.

Findings
It was found that the classical test theory was applied for all tests. However, the item response theory was also applied in three cases. Most of the psychometric tests were developed in the USA using ACRL IL competency standards. The most commonly used psychometric analyses include content validity, discriminant validity and internal consistency reliability.

Research limitations/implications
Only studies in English language are included in this review.

Practical implications
The study recommends that standards should be developed for the use and reporting of psychometric measures in designing IL tests. Librarians need to be trained in psychometric analysis of tests.

Originality/value
It is the first study that systematically reviewed psychometric properties of IL tests. The findings are useful for librarians who are teaching IL courses.
Institutional repositories in Africa: obstacles and challenges
Authors: Dlamini Ncamsile Nombulelo , Snyman Maritha 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
Access to appropriate scholarly information can play a positive role in the development of African countries. Institutional repositories (IRs) have the potential to enhance access and sharing of research-based information generated in Africa. Developing IRs is a consequence of the internet’s fundamental influence on the availability and distribution of scholarly information. IRs were instituted to optimise open access of scholarly information that can be freely distributed on the internet. The perception is that the IRs are not embraced in Africa as a valuable tool as the case is in other regions of the world. Research carried over to explore the reasons for the perceived little development and exploitation of IRs in Africa is limited. The purpose of this paper is to report on a survey that attempted to identify the obstacles and challenges regarding IRs in African academic institutions.

Design/methodology/approach
A webometric approach and online semi-structured questionnaires filled in by IR managers or people responsible for IR management were used to collect data for this study. Responses were received from 26 respondents.

Findings
The major obstacles were identified as inadequate funding or financial support, lack of support from institutional management and lack of awareness of IRs at institutional management level.

Research limitations/implications
The study selected only IR managers or people responsible for IR management and administration in different African academic institutions with existing IRs as respondents. Other people in these institutions might have valuable knowledge about issues regarding the IRs in their institutions from whom no data were collected.

Originality/value
Based on the findings, the paper recommends strategies on how African academic institutions could increase the number of IRs and improve the utilisation of IRs in the continent.
Subject-based retrieval of scientific documents, case study
Authors: Mohebi Azadeh , Sedighi Mehri , Zargaran Zahra 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to introduce an approach for retrieving a set of scientific articles in the field of Information Technology (IT) from a scientific database such as Web of Science (WoS), to apply scientometrics indices and compare them with other fields.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors propose to apply a statistical classification-based approach for extracting IT-related articles. In this approach, first, a probabilistic model is introduced to model the subject IT, using keyphrase extraction techniques. Then, they retrieve IT-related articles from all Iranian papers in WoS, based on a Bayesian classification scheme. Based on the probabilistic IT model, they assign an IT membership probability for each article in the database, and then they retrieve the articles with highest probabilities.

Findings
The authors have extracted a set of IT keyphrases, with 1,497 terms through the keyphrase extraction process, for the probabilistic model. They have evaluated the proposed retrieval approach with two approaches: the query-based approach in which the articles are retrieved from WoS using a set of queries composed of limited IT keywords, and the research area-based approach which is based on retrieving the articles using WoS categorizations and research areas. The evaluation and comparison results show that the proposed approach is able to generate more accurate results while retrieving more articles related to IT.

Research limitations/implications
Although this research is limited to the IT subject, it can be generalized for any subject as well. However, for multidisciplinary topics such as IT, special attention should be given to the keyphrase extraction phase. In this research, bigram model is used; however, one can extend it to tri-gram as well.

Originality/value
This paper introduces an integrated approach for retrieving IT-related documents from a collection of scientific documents. The approach has two main phases: building a model for representing topic IT, and retrieving documents based on the model. The model, based on a set of keyphrases, extracted from a collection of IT articles. However, the extraction technique does not rely on Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency, since almost all of the articles in the collection share a set of same keyphrases. In addition, a probabilistic membership score is defined to retrieve the IT articles from a collection of scientific articles.
Combination of clozapine with an atypical antipsychotic: a meta-analysis
Authors: Rolph Lauren , McGarry Ken 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review the efficacy of atypical antipsychotics in combination with clozapine. Previous meta-analyses have assessed the use of both typical and atypical antipsychotics in combination with clozapine, combination treatment being withheld only for those patients deemed treatment resistant.

Design/methodology/approach
Outcomes assessed included: positive, negative and overall symptom score. The total numbers of participants (n=588) were scored using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale/the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and effect sizes were used to judge the efficacy of the combination treatments. Data gained from the ten randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trials were analysed using the R statistical software.

Findings
The effect sizes gained from analysis showed a small benefit of combination therapy over clozapine monotherapy. Therefore, it is the recommendation of this analysis that alternative avenues be sought in order to treat patients who have a sub-optimal response to clozapine with a combination other than two second generation antipsychotics.

Research limitations/implications
The initial trials search unveiled 1,412 studies. After the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, ten trials were used in this meta-analysis.

Practical implications
The recommendation of this analysis that alternative medications be sought in order to treat patients who have a sub-optimal response to clozapine with a combination other than two second generation antipsychotics. This route should only be used once all other treatment options have been exhausted.

Originality/value
This meta-analytical study looks specifically at the combination of atypical antipsychotics with clozapine in comparison to clozapine monotherapy. This work extends existing meta-analysis by incorporating data from more recent trials.
Trivisa or Amphetamine?
Authors: Ka Ming Chan 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
Since the launch of the Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA) in 2003, Hong Kong cinema is believed to have confronted drastic changes. Hong Kong cinema is described to be dying, lacking creative space and losing local distinctiveness. A decade later, the rise of Hong Kong – China coproduction cinema under CEPA has been normalized and changed the once pessimism in the industry. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how Hong Kong cinema adjusted its production and creation in the first 10 years of CEPA.

Design/methodology/approach
Beginning with a review of the overall development, three paradigmatic cases are examined for reflecting upon what the major industrial and commercial concerns on the Hong Kong – China coproduction model are, and how such a coproduction model is not developed as smooth as what the Hong Kong filmmakers expected.

Findings
Collectively, this paper singles out the difficulties in operation and the limit of transnationality that occur in the Chinese context for the development of Hong Kong cinema under the Hong Kong – China coproduction model.

Originality/value
This is the author’s research in his five-year study of Hong Kong cinema and it contributes a lot to the field of cinema studies with relevant industrial and policy concern.
Three‐dimensional potential field data inversion with L0 quasinorm sparse constraints
Authors: Meng Zhaohai 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThe quantitative explanation of the potential field data of three‐dimensional geological structures remains one of the most challenging issues in modern geophysical inversion. Obtaining a stable solution that can simultaneously resolve complicated geological structures is a critical inverse problem in the geophysics field. I have developed a new method for determining a three‐dimensional petrophysical property distribution, which produces a corresponding potential field anomaly. In contrast with the tradition inverse algorithm, my inversion method proposes a new model norm, which incorporates two important weighting functions. One is the L0 quasi norm (enforcing sparse constraints), and the other is depth‐weighting that counteracts the influence of source depth on the resulting potential field data of the solution. Sparseness constraints are imposed by using the L0 quasinorm on model parameters. To solve the representation problem, an L0 quasinorm minimisation model with different smooth approximations is proposed. Hence, the data space (N) method, which is much smaller than model space (M), combined with the gradient‐projected method, and the model space, combined with the modified Newton method for L0 quasinorm sparse constraints, leads to a computationally efficient method by using anN×Nsystem versus anM×Mone becauseN≪M. Tests on synthetic data and real datasets demonstrate the stability and validity of the L0 quasinorm spare norms inversion method. With the aim of obtaining the blocky results, the inversion method with the L0 quasinorm sparse constraints method performs better than the traditional L2 norm (standard Tikhonov regularisation). It can obtain the focus and sparse results easily. Then, the Bouguer anomaly survey data of the salt dome, offshore Louisiana, is considered as a real case study. The real inversion result shows that the inclusion the L0 quasinorm sparse constraints leads to a simpler and better resolved solution, and the density distribution is obtained in this area to reveal its geological structure. These results confirm the validity of the L0 quasinorm sparse constraints method and indicate its application for other potential field data inversions and the exploration of geological structures.
Diel regulation of photosynthetic activity in the oceanic unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacterium Crocosphaera watsonii WH8501
Authors: Masuda Takako , Bernát Gábor , Bečková Martina , Kotabová Eva , Lawrenz Evelyn , Lukeš Martin , Komenda Josef , Prášil Ondřej 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThe oceanic unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacterium Crocosphaera watsonii WH8501 exhibits large diel changes in abundance of both Photosystem II (PSII) and Photosystem I (PSI). To understand the mechanisms underlying these dynamics, we assessed photosynthetic parameters, photosystem abundance and composition, and chlorophyll‐protein biosynthesis over a diel cycle. Our data show that the decline in PSII activity and abundance observed during the dark period was related to a light‐induced modification of PSII, which, in combination with the suppressed synthesis of membrane proteins, resulted in monomerization and gradual disassembly of a large portion of PSII core complexes. In the remaining population of assembled PSII monomeric complexes, we detected the non‐functional version of the D1 protein, rD1, which was absent in PSII during the light phase. During the dark period, we also observed a significant decoupling of phycobilisomes from PSII and a decline in the chlorophyll a quota, which matched the complete loss of functional PSIIs and a substantial decrease in PSI abundance. However, the remaining PSI complexes maintained their photochemical activity. Thus, during the nocturnal period of nitrogen fixation C. watsonii operates a suite of regulatory mechanisms for efficient utilization/recycling of cellular resources and protection of the nitrogenase enzyme.
The FgSsb‐FgZuo‐FgSsz complex regulates multiple stress responses and mycotoxin production via folding the soluble SNARE Vam7 and β2‐tubulin in Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Liu Zunyong , Wang Zhihui , Huang Mengmeng , Yan Leiyan , Ma Zhonghua , Yin Yanni 
Published: October 2017

SummaryHsp70 proteins play important roles in protein folding in the budding yeast, but their functions in pathogenic fungi are largely unknown. Here, we found that Fusarium graminearum Hsp70 proteins FgSsb, FgSsz and their cochaperone FgZuo formed a complex. This complex was required for microtubule morphology, vacuole fusion and endocytosis. More importantly, the β2‐tubulin FgTub2 and SNARE protein FgVam7 were identified as targeting proteins of this complex. We further found that the complex FgSsb‐FgZuo‐FgSsz controlled sensitivity of F. graminearum to the antimicrotubule drug carbendazim and cold stress via regulating the folding of FgTub2. Moreover, this complex assisted the folding of FgVam7, subsequently modulated vacuole fusion and responses to heavy metal, osmotic and oxidative stresses. In addition, the deletion of this complex led to dramatically decreased deoxynivalenol biosynthesis. This study uncovers a novel regulating mechanism of Hsp70 in multiple stress responses in a filamentous fungus.
Tuning the modular Paracoccus denitrificans respirome to adapt from aerobic respiration to anaerobic denitrification
Authors: Giannopoulos Georgios , Sullivan Matthew J. , Hartop Katherine R. , Rowley Gary , Gates Andrew J. , Watmough Nicholas J. , Richardson David J. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryBacterial denitrification is a respiratory process that is a major source and sink of the potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide. Many denitrifying bacteria can adjust to life in both oxic and anoxic environments through differential expression of their respiromes in response to environmental signals such as oxygen, nitrate and nitric oxide. We used steady‐state oxic and anoxic chemostat cultures to demonstrate that the switch from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism is brought about by changes in the levels of expression of relatively few genes, but this is sufficient to adjust the configuration of the respirome to allow the organism to efficiently respire nitrate without the significant release of intermediates, such as nitrous oxide. The regulation of the denitrification respirome in strains deficient in the transcription factors FnrP, Nnr and NarR was explored and revealed that these have both inducer and repressor activities, possibly due to competitive binding at similar DNA binding sites. This may contribute to the fine tuning of expression of the denitrification respirome and so adds to the understanding of the regulation of nitrous oxide emission by denitrifying bacteria in response to different environmental signals.
Clerical admonitio, Letters of Advice to Kings and Episcopal Self‐Fashioning, c.1000–c.1200
Authors: WEILER BJÖRN 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article uses letters of advice, outlining key principles of royal power, to explore how abbots and bishops in high medieval Europe sought to demonstrate compliance with widely shared norms about the role and nature of clerical counsel when interacting with kings. It will show that the type of the remonstrating cleric was deeply engrained in epistolary culture. While this expectation may not always reflect how dealings between prelates and rulers unfolded in practice, it nonetheless points to a pervasive framework of remonstration and admonition that was integral to high medieval European political and clerical culture.