bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nursing student plans for the future after graduation: a multicentre study
Authors: Palese A. , Falomo M. , Brugnolli A. , Mecugni D. , Marognolli O. , Montalti S. , Tameni A. , Gonella S. , Dimonte V. 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundWhen modelling the nursing workforce, estimations of the numbers and characteristics of new graduates over the forecast period are assumed on the basis of previous generations; however, new graduates may have different plans for their future than those documented previously in different socio‐economical contexts.AimsTo explore (a) nursing student plans after graduation and factors influencing their plans, and (b) factors associated with the intention to emigrate.MethodsA survey questionnaire was developed and distributed to students attending their final third year of nursing education in seven universities in Italy in 2015. Nine hundred and twenty‐three (90.4%) students participated.FindingsFour different plans after graduation emerged: about two‐thirds reported an intention to look for a nursing job in Italy; the remaining reported (a) an intention to emigrate, looking for a nursing job abroad, (b) an intention to search for a nursing job in both Italy and abroad, and (c) while a few an intention to continue nursing education in Italy. Having previous experience abroad, the need to grow and be satisfied, trusting the target country and a desire to increase knowledge encouraged an intention to emigrate, whereas the desire to stay in a comfortable environment and nurture personal relationships prevented the desire to migrate.ConclusionNursing students may have different plans after graduation, and this should be considered when modelling the nursing workforce of the future.Implications for nursing/health policyPolicymakers should be aware of different plans after graduation to guide healthcare human resource strategies. Knowing these trajectories allows policymakers to estimate the appropriate nursing workforce, and also to act at both macro‐ and meso‐levels, on work environments and opportunities for professional development, according to the different levels of expectations.
A novel Mn4+‐activated red phosphor for use in light emitting diodes, K3SiF7:Mn4+
Authors: Kim Minseuk , Park Woon Bae , Bang Bokeuk , Kim Chang Hae , Sohn Kee‐Sun 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPhosphors that exhibit a narrow red emission are particularly interesting due to the advantage of providing a more extensive color gamut and better rendering in LED applications such as displays and solid‐state lighting. Although some Eu2+‐activated nitridosilicates have been discovered in this regard, K2SiF6:Mn4+ phosphors are the only option in actual LED applications thus far. We discovered a novel phosphor, K3SiF7:Mn4+, with P4/mbm symmetry. The luminescent properties of K3SiF7:Mn4+ are almost identical to those of the K2SiF6:Mn4+ phosphor, but its materials identity is distinct due to a completely different crystallographic structure, which leads to reduced decay time. The fast decay is one of the most serious disadvantages of existing K2SiF6:Mn4+ phosphors. The K3SiF7:Mn4+ phosphor was examined in comparison to the K2SiF6:Mn4+ via density functional theory calculation, Rietveld refinement, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure spectroscopy, and time‐resolved photoluminescence.
Human gingiva transcriptome during wound healing
Authors: Wang Yun , Tatakis Dimitris N. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the gene expression profile of human gingiva following surgical wounding.MethodsTen volunteers had one side of the palate wounded. Five days later, biopsies were harvested from both wounded (healing gingiva) and contra‐lateral site (normal gingiva). Tissue samples were processed for gene expression (RNA‐Seq, real‐time PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Gene set enrichment/pathway analysis was also performed.ResultsSeven hundred genes were significantly differentially expressed in healing gingiva. Among genes with >twofold change (FC) in expression, 399 genes were up‐regulated and 88 down‐regulated, several not previously reported expressed in gingiva. Most increased in expression (≥30‐FC) were MMP1, CCL18, SPP1, MUC21, CTHRC1, MMP10, and SERPINE1; most decreased (≥7‐FC) were COCH, SIAH3, MT4, IGFL3, KY, and SYT16. Real‐time PCR confirmed significantly changed mRNA levels for selective genes tested. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed several significantly enriched biological pathways. Immunohistochemistry confirmed protein expression of MUC21, CTHRC1, CTGF, and SYT16 in normal and healing gingiva.ConclusionsThis first comprehensive analysis of the human gingival transcriptome during surgical wound healing offers novel insights into the participating molecular and biological mechanisms. The present results could serve as basis for future investigations into gingival wound healing following surgical, traumatic, or other type of injury.
Urgency to treat patients with chronic hepatitis C in Asia
Authors: Kao Jia‐Horng , Ahn Sang Hoon , Chien Rong‐Nan , Cho Mong , Chuang Wan‐Long , Jeong Sook‐Hyang , Liu Chen‐Hua , Paik Seung‐Woon 
Published: December 2016

AbstractChronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection poses a global healthcare burden, being associated with serious complications if untreated. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is highest in areas of Central, South, and East Asia; over 50% of HCV patients worldwide live in the region, where HCV genotypes 1b, 2, 3, and 6 are the most prevalent. Treatment outcomes for chronic hepatitis C vary by ethnicity, and Asian patients achieve higher sustained virologic response rates following interferon (IFN)‐based therapy than non‐Asians. However, low efficacy, poor safety profile, and subcutaneous administration limit the use of IFN‐based therapies. Superior virologic outcomes have been observed with different classes of direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) alone or in combination, and several all‐oral DAA regimens are available in Asia. These regimens have shown excellent efficacy and favorable tolerability in clinical trials, yet there is a need for further studies of DAAs in a real world context, particularly in Asia. Furthermore, IFN‐free treatment may not be accessible for many patients in the region, and IFN‐based regimens remain an option in some countries. There is a need to improve current clinical practices for HCV management in Asia, including effective screening, disease awareness, and prevention programs, and to further understand the cost‐effectiveness of IFN‐free regimens. The evolution of potent treatments makes HCV eradication a possibility that should be available to all patients. However, access to these therapies in Asian countries has been slow, primarily because of economic barriers that continue to present a hurdle to optimal treatment.
The Association of Vitamin D Deficiency and Incident Frailty in Older Women: The Role of Cardiometabolic Diseases
Authors: Buta Brian , Choudhury Parichoy Pal , Xue Qian‐Li , Chaves Paulo , Bandeen‐Roche Karen , Shardell Michelle , Semba Richard D. , Walston Jeremy , Michos Erin D. , Appel Lawrence J. , McAdams‐DeMarco Mara , Gross Alden , Yasar Sevil , Ferrucci Luigi , Fried Linda P. , Kalyani Rita Rastogi 
Published: December 2016

ObjectivesEvidence suggests vitamin D deficiency is associated with developing frailty. However, cardiometabolic factors are related to both conditions and may confound and/or mediate the vitamin D–frailty association. We aimed to determine the association of vitamin D concentration with incidence of frailty, and the role of cardiometabolic diseases (cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension) in this relationship.DesignProspective longitudinal cohort study (7 visits from 1994–2008).SettingBaltimore, Maryland.ParticipantsThree hundred sixty‐nine women from the Women's Health and Aging Study II aged 70–79 years, free of frailty at baseline.MeasurementsSerum circulating 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration was assessed at baseline and categorized as: <10; 10–19.9; 20‐29.9; and ≥30 ng/mL. Frailty incidence was determined based on presence of three or more criteria: weight loss, low physical activity, exhaustion, weakness, and slowness. Cardiometabolic diseases were ascertained at baseline. Analyses included Cox regression models adjusted for key covariates.ResultsIncidence rate of frailty was 32.2 per 1,000 person‐years in participants with 25(OH)D < 10 ng/mL, compared to 12.9 per 1,000 person‐years in those with 25(OH)D ≥ 30 ng/mL (mean follow‐up = 8.5 ± 3.7 years). In cumulative incidence analyses, those with lower 25(OH)D exhibited higher frailty incidence, though differences were non‐significant (P = .057). In regression models adjusted for demographics, smoking, and season, 25(OH)D < 10 ng/mL (vs ≥30 ng/mL) was associated with nearly three‐times greater frailty incidence (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.77, 95% CI = 1.14, 6.71, P = .02). After adjusting for BMI, the relationship of 25(OH)D < 10 ng/mL (vs ≥30 ng/mL) with incident frailty persisted, but was attenuated after further accounting for cardiometabolic diseases (HR = 2.29, 95% CI = 0.92, 5.69, P = .07).ConclusionLow serum vitamin D concentration is associated with incident frailty in older women; interestingly, the relationship is no longer significant after accounting for the presence of cardiometabolic diseases. Future studies should explore mechanisms to explain this relationship.
Content of Personalized Socioeducational Programs for Adults with Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities. The Risk of Restricting Perspectives in Adulthood
Authors: Petitpierre G. , Gyger J. , Panchaud L. , Romagny S. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSupporting individuals with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) in the intricate pattern of their relationships with their physical and social environment undoubtedly represents the main challenge that faces those closely involved with them, and this applies to individuals of all ages, including adults. In an effort to find out more about the priorities applied in the support of adolescents and adults with multiple disabilities in French‐speaking Switzerland, we have analyzed the content of personalized programs (PP's) with particular attention to the long‐term objectives. The programs of 58 individuals with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (aged 16–55) were analyzed under conditions of strict anonymity. They had been selected using a stratified random sampling process. The content was analyzed in terms of theme and category in order to identify and quantify the content of the objectives and their number. The results indicate an average of 10–11 objectives per person. The number of objectives falls as the individuals reach adulthood. The programs of adolescents who attend day schools contain significantly more objectives that those of young people in residential schools. It was apparent in all the programs that less importance is attached to emotional, conceptual, and cognitive aspects. The results highlight the under‐investment in some functioning spheres and reveal a restriction of perspectives in the programs of adults with PIMD. Several interpretations are possible. Lines of action have been identified in order to support a life‐span perspective and break through the current barriers.
Family Quality of Life in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Aldersey Heather M. , Francis Grace L. , Haines Shana J. , Chiu Chun Yu 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThere is a critical need to create a reliable, relevant, and culturally appropriate measure of Family Quality of Life (FQOL) in order to evaluate family outcomes and related national family support mechanisms in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). This study explores Congolese conceptions of FQOL and examines the appropriateness of adapting a common FQOL measurement tool for use in a Congolese context. Data are derived from four focus groups, conducted with 21 family members of persons with disabilities and 2 family advocates in Kinshasa, DRC. Participant conceptions of FQOL were highly similar to common understandings of FQOL globally. Participant discourse identified poverty and resiliency as potentially crucial underlying factors in FQOL in the DRC. FQOL is an important concept to measure in the DRC. Measurement must take poverty and resiliency into consideration.
Social and Cultural Considerations in Family Quality of Life: Jewish and Arab Israeli Families' Child‐Raising Experiences
Authors: Roth Dana , Brown Ivan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis paper compares the family quality of life (FQOL) of families with a child with disability in Jewish and Arab communities in Israel. Social, political, and cultural realities have an effect on all members of society. For families with a child with disability there are additional challenges. Being a minority family with a child with a disability adds to the challenges. One hundred fifty‐eight Jewish and 105 Arab Israeli caregivers of children with disabilities responded to the Family Quality of Life Survey (FQOLS‐2006), which operationalizes FQOL as a construct of six measurement dimensions in nine core family life domains. Overall, Jewish families in Israel reported higher FQOL than Arab families. Although eight of the nine domains were rated highly for Importance, the main outcome measures Attainment and Satisfaction were rated lower for almost all domains. Some domains contributed to overall differences more than others. The patterns also differed for the Jewish and Arab families. It is important for policy and practice to consider the social/political status of families and to consider the possible impact this has on the family of a child with a disability. Further research is needed to develop application models for addressing the needs of minority populations in designing programs into the general service delivery system.
Nonenzymatic glycation interferes with fibronectin‐integrin interactions in vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Dhar Srijita , Sun Zhe , Meininger Gerald A. , Hill Michael A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to investigate whether advanced nonenzymatic glycation of the ECM protein, fibronectin, impacts its normal integrin‐mediated interaction with arteriolar VSMC.MethodsAFM was performed on cultured VSMC from rat cremaster arterioles to study native and glycated fibronectin (FN and gFN) interactions with cellular integrins. AFM probes were functionalized with FN or gFN or with native or glycated albumin (gAlb) as controls.ResultsVSMC showed increased adhesion probability to gFN (72.9±3.5%) compared with native FN (63.0±1.6%). VSMC similarly showed increased probability of adhesion (63.8±1.7%) to gAlb compared with native Alb (40.1±4.7%). Adhesion of native FN to VSMC was α5 and β1 integrin dependent whereas adhesion of gFN to VSMC was integrin independent. The RAGE‐selective inhibitor, FPS‐ZM1, blocked gFN (and gAlb) adhesion, suggesting that adhesion of glycated proteins was RAGE dependent. Interaction of FN with VSMC was not altered by soluble gFN while soluble native FN did not inhibit adhesion of gFN to VSMC. In contrast, gAlb inhibited adhesion of gFN to VSMC in a concentration‐dependent manner.ConclusionsGlycation of FN shifts the nature of cellular adhesion from integrin‐ to RAGE‐dependent mechanisms.
Use of the Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test (CARATkids) in children and adolescents: Validation in Dutch
Authors: Emons J. A. M. , Flokstra B. M. J. , de Jong C. , van der Molen T. , Brand H. K. , Arends N. J. T. , Amaral R. , Fonseca J. A. , Gerth van Wijk R. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundAllergic rhinitis and asthma are common and closely related diseases. Recently, a Portuguese questionnaire has been developed ‘The Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test’ (CARATkids) that measures disease control of both diseases in children. This study aims to validate the CARATkids in Dutch children and for the first time in adolescents and, in addition, to calculate the minimal clinically important difference (MCID).MethodsA prospective observational study was conducted in an outpatient clinic. After translation of the CARATkids from Portuguese to Dutch, patients (6–18 years) with asthma or asthma and allergic rhinitis completed the CARATkids, Asthma Control Test, and visual analog scale questionnaire three times. Baseline characteristics, mean scores, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, cross‐sectional and longitudinal validity, discriminative properties, responsiveness, and MCID of the CARATkids were assessed.ResultsA total of 111 patients were included. In total, 86% and 79%, respectively, completed the questionnaires at the second and third visits. All children had asthma, and 85% had concomitant allergic rhinitis. The internal consistency was good with all expected a priori correlations met. CARATkids scores were higher in patients with uncontrolled asthma and patients with moderate–severe rhinitis compared to better controlled subjects. Patients with a variable asthma control had significantly higher scores during periods of uncontrolled asthma. Also the Guyatt's responsiveness index was good. The MCID was 2.8.ConclusionsThe CARATkids questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool to assess allergic rhinitis and asthma control among Dutch children. The tool can be used in adolescents.
Modelling Trends in Digit Preference Patterns
Authors: Camarda Carlo G. , Eilers Paul H. C. , Gampe Jutta 
Published: December 2016

SummaryDigit preference is the habit of reporting certain end digits more often than others. If such a misreporting pattern is a concern, then measures to reduce digit preference can be taken and monitoring changes in digit preference becomes important. We propose a two-dimensional penalized composite link model to estimate the true distributions unaffected by misreporting, the digit preference pattern and a trend in the preference pattern simultaneously. A transfer pattern is superimposed on a series of smooth latent distributions and is modulated along a second dimension. Smoothness of the latent distributions is enforced by a roughness penalty. Ridge regression with an L1-penalty is used to extract the misreporting pattern, and an additional weighted least squares regression estimates the modulating trend vector. Smoothing parameters are selected by the Akaike information criterion. We present a simulation study and apply the model to data on birth weight and on self-reported weight of adults.
ZxAKT1 is essential for K+ uptake and K+/Na+ homeostasis in the succulent xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum
Authors: Ma Qing , Hu Jing , Zhou Xiang‐Rui , Yuan Hui‐Jun , Kumar Tanweer , Luan Sheng , Wang Suo‐Min 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThe inward‐rectifying K+ channel AKT1 constitutes an important pathway for K+ acquisition in plant roots. In glycophytes, excessive accumulation of Na+ is accompanied by K+ deficiency under salt stress. However, in the succulent xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum, which exhibits excellent adaptability to adverse environments, K+ concentration remains at a relatively constant level despite increased levels of Na+ under salinity and drought conditions. In this study, the contribution of ZxAKT1 to maintaining K+ and Na+ homeostasis in Z. xanthoxylum was investigated. Expression of ZxAKT1 rescued the K+‐uptake‐defective phenotype of yeast strain CY162, suppressed the salt‐sensitive phenotype of yeast strain G19, and complemented the low‐K+‐sensitive phenotype of Arabidopsis akt1 mutant, indicating that ZxAKT1 functions as an inward‐rectifying K+ channel. ZxAKT1 was predominantly expressed in roots, and was induced under high concentrations of either KCl or NaCl. By using RNA interference technique, we found that ZxAKT1‐silenced plants exhibited stunted growth compared to wild‐type Z. xanthoxylum. Further experiments showed that ZxAKT1‐silenced plants exhibited a significant decline in net uptake of K+ and Na+, resulting in decreased concentrations of K+ and Na+, as compared to wild‐type Z. xanthoxylum grown under 50 mm NaCl. Compared with wild‐type, the expression levels of genes encoding several transporters/channels related to K+/Na+ homeostasis, including ZxSKOR, ZxNHX, ZxSOS1 and ZxHKT1;1, were reduced in various tissues of a ZxAKT1‐silenced line. These findings suggest that ZxAKT1 not only plays a crucial role in K+ uptake but also functions in modulating Na+ uptake and transport systems in Z. xanthoxylum, thereby affecting its normal growth.
Resistance training interventions across the cancer control continuum: a systematic review of the implementation of resistance training principles
Authors: Fairman C M , Hyde P N , Focht B C 
Published: December 2016

ObjectivesThe primary purpose of this systematic review is to examine the extant resistance training (RT) cancer research to evaluate the proportion of RT interventions that: (1) implemented key RT training principles (specificity, progression, overload) and (2) explicitly reported relevant RT prescription components (frequency, intensity, sets, reps).DesignA qualitative systematic review was performed by two reviewers (CMF and PNH) who inspected the titles and abstracts to determine eligibility for this systematic review. Identified papers were obtained in full and further reviewed. Data were extracted to evaluate the application of principles of training, along with specific RT components.Data sourcesElectronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane, PEDro, PsychInfo, Cancer Lit, Sport Discus, AMED, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) and reference lists of included articles from inception to May 2016.Results37 studies were included. The principle ofspecificitywas used appropriately in all of the studies,progressionin 65% andoverloadin 76% of the studies. The most common exercise prescription (∼50%) implemented in the studies included in this review were 2–3 days/week, focusing on large muscle groups, 60–70% 1 repetition maximum (RM), 1–3 sets of 8–12 repetitions.ConclusionsReporting of RT principles in an oncology setting varies greatly, with often vague or non-existent references to the principles of training and how the RT prescription was designed.
Reliability of specific physical examination tests for the diagnosis of shoulder pathologies: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lange Toni , Matthijs Omer , Jain Nitin B , Schmitt Jochen , Lützner Jörg , Kopkow Christian 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundShoulder pain in the general population is common and to identify the aetiology of shoulder pain, history, motion and muscle testing, and physical examination tests are usually performed.ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review was to summarise and evaluate intrarater and inter-rater reliability of physical examination tests in the diagnosis of shoulder pathologies.MethodsA comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED) and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) through 20 March 2015. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Appraisal of Reliability Studies (QAREL) tool by 2 independent reviewers.ResultsThe search strategy revealed 3259 articles, of which 18 finally met the inclusion criteria. These studies evaluated the reliability of 62 test and test variations used for the specific physical examination tests for the diagnosis of shoulder pathologies. Methodological quality ranged from 2 to 7 positive criteria of the 11 items of the QAREL tool.ConclusionsThis review identified a lack of high-quality studies evaluating inter-rater as well as intrarater reliability of specific physical examination tests for the diagnosis of shoulder pathologies. In addition, reliability measures differed between included studies hindering proper cross-study comparisons.Trial registration numberPROSPERO CRD42014009018.