bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation and process analysis of pilot scale multi-phase anaerobic fermentation and digestion of faecal sludge in Ghana
Authors: Shih Justin , Fanyin-Martin Ato , Taher Edris , Chandran Kartik 
Published: November 2017

Background. In Ghana, faecal sludge (FS) from on-site sanitation facilities is often discharged untreated into the environment, leading to significant insults to environmental and human health. Anaerobic digestion offers an attractive pathway for FS treatment with the concomitant production of energy in the form of methane. Another innovative option includes separating digestion into acidogenesis (production of volatile fatty acids (VFA)) and methanogenesis (production of methane), which could ultimately facilitate the production of an array of biofuels and biochemicals from the VFA. This work describes the development, implementation and modeling based analysis of a novel multiphase anaerobic fermentation-digestion process aimed at FS treatment in Kumasi, Ghana. Methods. A pilot-scale anaerobic fermentation process was implemented at the Kumasi Metropolitan Assembly’s Oti Sanitary Landfill Site at Adanse Dompoase. The process consisted of six 10 m3 reactors in series, which were inoculated with bovine rumen and fed with fecal sludge obtained from public toilets. The performance of the fermentation process was characterized in terms of both aqueous and gaseous variables representing the conversion of influent organic carbon to VFA as well as CH4. Using the operating data, the first-ever process model for FS fermentation and digestion was developed and calibrated, based on the activated sludge model framework. Results and Conclusions. This work represents one of the first systematic efforts at integrated FS characterization and process modeling to enable anaerobic fermentation and digestion of FS. It is shown that owing to pre-fermentation of FS in public septage holding tanks, one could employ significantly smaller digesters (lower capital costs) or increased loading capabilities for FS conversion to biogas or VFA. Further, using the first-ever calibrated process model for FS fermentation and digestion presented herein, we expect improved and more mechanistically informed development and application of different process designs and configurations for global FS management practice.
Advancing a conceptual model to improve maternal health quality: The Person-Centered Care Framework for Reproductive Health Equity
Authors: Sudhinaraset May , Afulani Patience , Diamond-Smith Nadia , Bhattacharyya Sanghita , Donnay France , Montagu Dominic 
Published: November 2017

Background: Globally, substantial health inequities exist with regard to maternal, newborn and reproductive health. Lack of access to good quality care—across its many dimensions—is a key factor driving these inequities. Significant global efforts have been made towards improving the quality of care within facilities for maternal and reproductive health. However, one critically overlooked aspect of quality improvement activities is person-centered care. Main body: The objective of this paper is to review existing literature and theories related to person-centered reproductive health care to develop a framework for improving the quality of reproductive health, particularly in low and middle-income countries. This paper proposes the Person-Centered Care Framework for Reproductive Health Equity, which describes three levels of interdependent contexts for women’s reproductive health: societal and community determinants of health equity, women’s health-seeking behaviors, and the quality of care within the walls of the facility. It lays out eight domains of person-centered care for maternal and reproductive health. Conclusions: Person-centered care has been shown to improve outcomes; yet, there is no consensus on definitions and measures in the area of women’s reproductive health care. The proposed Framework reviews essential aspects of person-centered reproductive health care.
Effects of Seasonal Timber Harvesting Restrictions on Procurement Practices
Authors: Conrad Joseph L. , Demchik Michael C. , Vokoun Melinda M. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Wisconsin's forest products industry relies on a consistent supply of sustainably produced timber for its mills; however, recent research suggests significant seasonal variation in timber sale availability. We conducted a survey of Wisconsin mills to examine their procurement practices and assess how seasonal timber harvesting restrictions (STHRs) affect the forest products industry. Fifty-seven mills responded to the survey, which represented a 40 percent response rate. Respondents processed approximately 75 percent of the state's annual roundwood production. The average procurement radius ranged from 75 miles for small sawmills to over 120 miles for pulp mills. Peak inventory levels exceeded 30 days during each quarter for both pulp mills and sawmills, and peak inventory levels during the first quarter exceeded 60 days. Respondents reported that STHRs were common in the state and mills had adjusted their procurement practices in response. Pulp mills estimated that STHRs cost each firm an average of nearly $2.7 million annually, or $4.93 ton−1 of wood purchased during the year, whereas small sawmills reported average additional costs of $188,888 per firm ($10.33 ton−1). Seasonal weight limits on public roads, oak wilt restrictions, and access and transportation restrictions on individual timber sales were reported to have the greatest impact on mills. Continued cooperation is needed among foresters, landowners, and the forest industry to apply STHRs in a manner that protects the forest resource while maintaining a consistent and sustainable supply of timber to the forest industry.
Reflexiones sobre la autotraducción desde la mirada del autor
Authors: Prenz Kopusar Ana Cecilia 
Published: November 2017

Resumen: En este artículo la autora reflexiona sobre la autotraducción a partir de su experiencia personal y se detiene en su relación con las lenguas y culturas meta a las que traduce. Expone algunos ejemplos tomados de su propia obra que sirven para ilustrar esta relación. Abstract: In this paper the author considers the self-translation from the standpoint of her personal experience. She analyzes the relationship with the target languages and cultures to which she translates. She presents some examples taken from her own works in order to illustrate this relationship.
Concept Maps: A Tool to Prepare for High Fidelity Simulation in Nursing
Authors: Daley Barbara J. , Beman Sarah Black , Morgan Sarah , Kennedy Linda , Sheriff Mandy 
Published: November 2017

In this study, the use of concept mapping as a method to prepare for high fidelity simulated learning experiences was investigated. Fourth year baccalaureate nursing students were taught how to use concept maps as a way to prepare for high fidelity simulated nursing experiences. Students prepared concept maps for two simulated experiences including; 1. caring for patients with diabetes, and, 2. caring for patients with heart failure. Simulated learning experiences were video recorded and debriefing sessions were audio recorded. Following the simulation, three data analysis strategies were employed including analysis of the videos of the simulation, analysis of the audio recordings of the debriefing sessions and analysis of the concept maps. Additionally, videos from previous semesters where students did not create concept maps prior to simulations were reviewed. When comparing student behaviors to Tanner’s Clinical Judgment Model, findings indicated that students who created concept maps prior to simulation demonstrated an increase in noticing behaviors, but that interpreting, responding and reflecting behaviors did not appear to increase. Students also reported a need to have concept maps introduced earlier in their curriculum and that the maps facilitated their learning most in complex, hard to understand clinical cases. This study has implications for simulation, curriculum and the role of concept mapping in the creation of student knowledge structures.
Minding the Gap: Mentor and Pre-service Teachers’ Ability Perceptions of Content Area Literacy Instruction
Authors: Bogard Treavor , Sableski Mary-Kate , Arnold Jackie , Bowman Connie 
Published: November 2017

This mixed method study compared how student teachers rated their ability in implementing components of content area literacy compared to their clinical educators’ perceptions of the student teachers’ actual performance. The researchers collaborated with K-12 clinical educators to develop a scaled survey to rate level of skill in four components of content literacy instruction. 112 clinical educators (CEs) and 183 student teachers (STs) representing five teacher licensure programs completed the survey. A two-way multivariate analysis of variance measured the effect of Role (CE and ST) and Teacher Licensure Program on ability perception. Results indicated that Role and Program each significantly affected ratings of the four content literacy component skills measured, but the effect of Role did not significantly differ based on Program. Participants’ written explanations of their ability ratings revealed how their mental models of content literacy accounted for differences in ability perception by Role. Implications are provided for enhancing pre-service teachers’ perceptual and qualitative awareness of the practices that underlie highly effective content-area literacy instruction.
The Determinants Factors of Biogas Technology Adoption in Cattle Farming: Evidences from Pati, Indonesia
Authors: Wahyudi Jatmiko 
Published: November 2017

Even though biogas technology has been introduced in Indonesia since 1990’s and having the potential, the rate of biogas adoption in Indonesia runs slowly. It is important to understand factors encouraging or discouraging potential adopters to build biogas plant. The development of livestock sector especially cattle farming in Indonesia can be seen as the opportunity to increase the rate of biogas adoption. This study investigated the factors affecting households of cattle farmer to adopt or not to adopt biogas technology. A cross-sectional research survey was carried out by using structured questionnaires as the primary tool to collect data from both biogas adopters and non biogas adopters in Pati regency, Indonesia. Socioeconomic characteristic of potential biogas adopters plays an important role to ensure the adoption of biogas technology sustainable. Socioeconomic characteristic regarding having high social status determines individual to adopt biogas relatively earlier than other members of a social system. Having high income and education enables traditional farmers to finance biogas plant by their own money or access aid from the government or other agencies. Among other attributes of innovation, relative advantage of installing biogas plant is the most determinant attribute to speed the rate of biogas adoption. Having biogas plant was perceived as better option and generated more benefits compared to previous technology or method.Article History: Received May 17th 2017; Received in revised form August 5th 2017; Accepted Sept 6th 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Wahyudi, J. (2017) The Determinant Factors of Biogas Technology Adoption in Cattle Farming: Evidences from Pati, Indonesia, Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 6(3), 235-240.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.235-240
Pengaruh Jenis Sprayer Terhadap Efektivitas Pendinginan Evaporasi Kontak Langsung
Authors: Yunianto Bambang , Isnandi Nugroho Epri 
Published: November 2017

Di Indonesia pada musim kemarau, temperatur udara pada beberapa kota dapat mencapai 30oC – 37oC dan RH 40% - 60%. Pada kondisi ini kebutuhan AC sangat diperlukan untuk mendapatkan kenyamanan. Namun unit AC yang beredar kebanyakan masih menggunakan refregeran berbasis CFC yang merusak Ozon dan komsumsi listrik relative tinggi. Pendingin dengan cara penguapan (evaporative cooling = EC) merupakan system pendingin alternative yang dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan ruang pada musim kemarau. Sistem ini hemat energy dan ramah lingkungan, walaupun kenyamanan yang dapat dicapai tidak dapat menyamai kenyamanan seperti ketika menggunakan unit AC, karena system pendingin EC menghasilkan kelembaban udara yang tinggi. Pendinginan evaporasi kontak langsung (DEC) adalah pedinginan udara dengan cara mengkontakkan langsung antara udara dan air, sehingga terjadi proses penguapan air kedalam arus udara. Proses penguapan air terjadi dikarenakan pengambilan panas dari udara, sehingga terjadilah pendinginan dan peningkatan kelembaan udara. Sistem pendingin ini banyak dioperasikan pada daerah yang bersuhu tinggi (hingga 45 0C) dan kelembaban rendah (hingga RH 35 %), seperti di Negara Timur Tengah. Di Indonesia system pendingin DEC cukup baik untuk diterapkan pada musim kemarau. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui prestasi pendingin EC kontak langsung dengan udara yang mengalir dalam saluran horizontal. Ukuran saluran adalah panjang 90 cm dan penampang 40 x 40 cm. Semburan air diarahkan tegak lurus dari aliran udara dengan variasi jenis sprayer (sprayer 1, 5 dan 7 lubang) dengan debit semburan air dan debit aliran udara dibuat konstan. Perngujian dilakukan dari jam 09.00 hingga jam 16.00 pada hari-hari panas di musim kemarau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, terjadi penurunan temperature maksimum 8oC ( dari 34 - 26) dengan efektivitas 81 % . Perubahan jenis sprayer tidak berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap efektivitas yaitu 76 % (sprayer 5 lubang) dan 81 % (sprayer 1 dan 7 lubang)
Web-based Social Media Intervention to Increase Vaccine Acceptance: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Glanz Jason M. , Wagner Nicole M. , Narwaney Komal J. , Kraus Courtney R. , Shoup Jo Ann , Xu Stanley , O’Leary Sean T. , Omer Saad B. , Gleason Kathy S. , Daley Matthew F. 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND:Interventions to address vaccine hesitancy and increase vaccine acceptance are needed. This study sought to determine if a Web-based, social media intervention increases early childhood immunization.METHODS:A 3-arm, randomized controlled trial was conducted in Colorado from September 2013 to July 2016. Participants were pregnant women, randomly assigned (3:2:1) to a Web site with vaccine information and interactive social media components (VSM), a Web site with vaccine information (VI), or usual care (UC). Vaccination was assessed in infants of participants from birth to age 200 days. The primary outcome was days undervaccinated, measured as a continuous and dichotomous variable.RESULTS:Infants of 888 participants were managed for 200 days. By using a nonparametric rank-based analysis, mean ranks for days undervaccinated were significantly lower in the VSM arm versus UC (P = .02) but not statistically different between the VI and UC (P = .08) or between VSM and VI arms (P = .63). The proportions of infants up-to-date at age 200 days were 92.5, 91.3, and 86.6 in the VSM, VI, and UC arms, respectively. Infants in the VSM arm were more likely to be up-to-date than infants in the UC arm (odds ratio [OR] = 1.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07–3.47). Up-to-date status was not statistically different between VI and UC arms (OR = 1.62; 95% CI, 0.87–3.00) or between the VSM and VI arms (OR = 1.19, 95% CI, 0.70–2.03).CONCLUSIONS:Providing Web-based vaccine information with social media applications during pregnancy can positively influence parental vaccine behaviors.
EXTRAÇÕES DE ÓLEO DA POLPA DE ABACATE (Persea americana MILL) UTILIZANDO DIFERENTES SOLVENTES
Authors: Oliveira Amanda Paula de , Menezes Evandro Galvão Tavares 
Published: November 2017

O abacate (Persea americana Mill) é um fruto originado do continente Americano, amplamente produzido no território brasileiro. A sua polpa carnuda proporciona a extração de um óleo de alta qualidade, contendo vários compostos bioativos. Neste trabalho, avaliou-se a viabilidade de extração do óleo de abacate, utilizando diferentes condições de extração. A polpa do abacate foi seca em estufa, e posteriormente moída para a obtenção de um farelo. As extrações foram realizadas com 3 g da amostra e quantidades variáveis de solvente (etanol, hexano, isopropanol e acetona) para obter diferentes razões sólido:solvente (1:5, 1:7,5 e 1:10). O sistema foi incubado em Shaker, a temperatura constante (35 ºC, 45 ºC e 55 ºC), sob agitação de 120 rpm durante 24 horas. Após esse tempo, uma amostra da fase extrato foi retirada, com microsseringa. A concentração total de solvente foi determinada por meio de evaporação até massa constante a 60°C, e então foram calculados os rendimentos de extração de sólidos solúveis presentes nas polpas de abacate expressos em g de óleo/g de polpa seca. Os resultados demonstraram que o aumento da diluição de solvente e da temperatura, aumentaram a proporção de extração. Na diluição 1:10 a 55°C, todos os solventes apresentaram semelhantes extrações e na proporção 1:5 a 35°C o etanol apresentou baixo rendimento. Os resultados mostram que o etanol pode ser utilizado como solvente alternativo na extração de óleos vegetais.
Excessive alcohol consumption: a challenge for occupational health / El consumo excesivo de alcohol: un reto para la salud laboral
Authors: Fernández-Montalvo Javier , Echeburúa Enrique 
Published: November 2017

En este trabajo se analiza la relación existente entre el abuso de alcohol y la actividad laboral. Se comentan las tasas de prevalencia del consumo de alcohol entre los trabajadores obtenidas en diferentes estudios y se describen los principales métodos de detección precoz (biológicos y psicológicos), así como las limitaciones de cada uno de ellos. Por último, se revisan los estudios sobre las principales repercusiones del abuso de alcohol en el ámbito laboral. AbstractThis paper analyses the relationship between alcohol abuse and labour activity. The prevalence rates about alcohol intake in workers are commented and the main early detection methods (biological and psychological) together with its limitations are described. Finally, studies about work consequences of alcohol are reviewed.
Thought mapping: an HIV prevention approach for drug abusers / Reflexión analítica: Un enfoque preventivo del VIH para drogodependientes
Authors: Leukefeld Carl G. , Godlaski Ted , Logan TK 
Published: November 2017

Este artículo expone un enfoque individualizado a la prevención de VIH para las poblaciones de drogodependientes basado en la teoría (Prochask y DiClemente, 1986), incorpora una intervención realizada frecuentemente con los drogodependientes infectados por el VIH (Wechsberg et al, 1997), e incluye el concepto de Mapas Cognitivos como una estrategia para relacionar los pensamientos, los sentimientos y las expectativas con las conductas y acciones. Los mapas cognitivos representan los problemas como gráficos o planes con el objetivo de vincular los pensamientos con las consecuencias conductuales específicas. La intervención fue desarrollada en grupos piloto y fue probada inicialmente con drogodependientes que no se encontraban en tratamiento. La intervención se dirige al abuso de drogas y a las conductas sexuales insalubres de alto riesgo, identificados por los participantes en la intervención. AbstractThis article presents an individualized HIV prevention approach for drug abusers which is theoretically grounded (Prochaska& DiClemente, 1986), incorporates a commonly used HIV intervention for drug abusers (Wechsberg et al., 1997), and includes Thought Mapping as a way of relating thoughts, feelings, and expectations, to behaviors and actions. Thought Mapping is diagramming or mapping problems in a way to link thoughts to specific behavioral consequences. The intervention was developed using focus groups and initially piloted with drug abusers not in treatment. The intervention targets drug abuse and unhealthy or high-risk sexual behaviors, which are identified by those who participate in the intervention.
Control perception and coping behavior in abstinence in alcoholics / Percepción de control y comportamiento de adaptación en la abstinencia en alcohólicos
Authors: Vielva Isabel , Iraurgi Ioseba 
Published: November 2017

El objetivo del estudio es encontrar factores asociados a la abstinencia. Para ello, se ha realizado un estudio observacional, transversal en el que se analiza la relación entre las atribuciones causales, las expectativas de autoeficacia y de lugar de control y la conducta de afrontamiento ante el problema de alcoholismo, por un lado, y la abstinencia, por otro, en una muestra de 201 alcohólicos en tratamiento ambulatorio. Se analizan también variables sociodemográficas y de cronicidad. Los análisis de correlación revelan una relación estrecha entre las variables psicológicas entre si y con la abstinencia: cuanto mayor es el tiempo de abstinencia, más positivas son las atribuciones causales, mayor es la autoeficacia, mayor es el lugar de control interno y más activo es el afrontamiento. Posteriormente se llevó a cabo un análisis de regresión múltiple, que mostró que algunas atribuciones, la autoeficacia y el lugar de control explicaban por si solas la abstinencia, no así el afrontamiento. Las variables sociodemográficas no resultaron tener una asociación significativa, pero sí la asistencia al tratamiento y a grupos de autoayuda. Debido a las implicaciones que tienen estas variables en el curso y pronóstico de la dependencia, se sugiere que se tengan en cuenta las variables cognitivas en el tratamiento del alcoholismo. AbstractThe aim of the study is to determine which factors are associated with abstinence in alcoholics. Observational and cross-sectional studies were carried out to study the relationships between causal attributions, selfefficacy and locus of control expectancies, and coping behavior in the problem of alcohol abuse, on the one hand, and abstinence, on the other. Chronicity and background variables are also analyzed. Participants were 201 alcoholics in outpatient treatment. Correlation analysis revealed close relationship among the psychological variables, as well as between these variables and abstinence: longer periods of abstinence were associated with more positive causal attributions, higher self-efficacy, internal locus of control, and more active coping behavior. A hierarchical regression analysis was also performed, showing that certain attributions, self-efficacy, and locus of control accounted for abstinence, but coping did not. Background did not reveal any association, but attending treatment and self-help groups, such as Alcoholics Anonymous, did. Because of their relationship, it is suggested that cognitive variables should be enhanced in treatment.
Editorial: Donation / La donación
Authors: Cañuelo Higuera Bartolomé 
Published: November 2017

¿Es necesario sentir la pérdida de la salud en nuestras propias carnes para poder valorar el verdadero capital que supone el disfrute de la misma? ¿Los afectados por su pérdida, la vivencian de la misma manera? ¿El miedo a un fatal desenlace (la no recuperación ad intengrum o el exitus letalis), causa igual desequilibrio en distintas personas? Y... ¿La dependencia de la muerte de otro ser humano para sobrevivir -y por ende, el deseo de que ocurra- no es una perversión moral para quien necesita de una donación de algún órgano vital básicamente impar?.