bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discussing the choices of the change laboratory’s participants: a look into the ordinary man
Authors: Rodrigues Fábio da Silva , Cassandre Márcio Pascoal , Ichikawa Elisa Yoshie 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe believe that the ordinary man is a subject pregnant of possibilities in organizations. Therefore, we conducted a qualitative, exploratory approach to the objectives, through bibliographical research, as well as the in loco experience of one of the authors of this paper. We question the selection process of participants in the activity of the Change Laboratory (ENGESTRÖM, 2007), under the perspective of everyday life and ordinary man (CERTEAU, 2002). Our findings indicate that the ordinary man is able to use their own intelligence to re-signify artefacts and symbols, previously given. Although neglected and subjected to symbolic violence, mainly by the political power, the ordinary man plays an important role in the process of change and when ignored or underestimated may compromise the expected results in organizations.Keywords: Activity Theory. Everyday life. Organizational learning. Change laboratory. Ordinary man. Discutindo sobre escolha dos participantes do Laboratório de Mudança: um olhar para o Homem Ordinário Resumo Acreditamos que o homem ordinário é sujeito prenhe de possibilidades nas organizações. Assim, realizamos uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, exploratória quanto aos objetivos, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, bem como da experiência in loco de um dos autores deste trabalho. Questionamos o processo de seleção dos participantes nas atividades do Laboratório de Mudança (ENGESTRÖM, 2007), sob a perspectiva do cotidiano e do homem ordinário (CERTEAU, 2002). Nossos resultados indicam que o homem ordinário é capaz de usar sua própria inteligência para ressignificar artefatos e símbolos, anteriormente dados. Embora negligenciados e submetidos à violência simbólica, principalmente pelo poder político, o homem comum desempenha um papel importante no processo de mudança, e, quando ignorado ou subestimado, pode comprometer os resultados esperados nas organizações.Palavras-chave: Teoria da Atividade. Cotidiano. Aprendizagem organizacional. Laboratório de mudança. Homem ordinário.
On supra semi open sets and some applications on topological spaces
Authors: Al-shami Tareq 
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this paper is to study the properties of a new class of generalized supra open sets called supra semi open. The notions of supra semi interior, supra semi closure and supra semi boundary operators are introduced and investigated. Based on the supra semi open sets, new types of supra continuous, supra open, supra closed and supra homeomorphism maps are presented and studied. In particular, the equivalent conditions for these maps are given. Some examples are included to illustrate the main results.
INSERSI GEN pncA KE DALAM PLASMID pGEM-T
Authors: Sanjaya Eli Hendrik 
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is among the most worrisome elements of the pandemic of antibiotic resistance. As the first line drug, pyrazinamide is often used to treat TB desease so there are many case of TB resistant to pyrazinamide. The previous research show that pncA gene of isolate L20 MDR-TB have mutated T539C. That mutation propose as the cause of resistance M. tuberculosis to pyrazimanide at the genetic level. For make sure the resistance mechanism, we have to get the pure PZAse and crystalization so the 3D structure can be determined by X-ray defraction. The first step to get the pure PZAse is cloning the pncA gene to the plasmid. The aim of this research is to know that is the pncA gene can be cloned to pGEM-T plasmid. The prosedure for cloning the pncA gene to the pGEM-T plasmid is amplification, followed by insert the pncA gene to the pGEM-T plasmid, and transformation by a selection of blue and white colony. The last step are isolation plasmid recombinant (pGEM-T-pncA) followed by electrophoresis. The result of the research showed that pncA gene from isolate L20 was successfully cloned to pGEM-T plasmid. That was showed on blue and white colony and the result of isolation and electrophoresis pGEM-T-pncA. The electrophoregram showed that the length of pGEM-T-pncA from white colony is different with pGEM-T standart abaut 0,7 kb. It is similar with the length of pncA gene (0,72 kb). Keywords: kloning, pGEM-T, pncA gene, pyrazinamide (PZA).
Health in All Social Work Programs: Findings From a US National Analysis
Authors: Ruth Betty J. , Wachman Madeline K. , Marshall Jamie W. , Backman Allison R. , Harrington Calla B. , Schultz Neena S. , Ouimet Kaitlyn J. 
Published: December 2017

Objectives. To establish a baseline of health content in 4 domains of US social work education—baccalaureate, master’s, doctoral, and continuing education programs—and to introduce the Social Work Health Impact Model, illustrating social work’s multifaceted health services, from clinical to wide-lens population health approaches. Methods. We analyzed US social work programs’ Web site content to determine amount and types of health content in mission statements, courses, and specializations. Coding criterion determined if content was (1) health or health-related (HHR) and (2) had wide-lens health (WLH) emphasis. A second iteration categorized HHR and WLH courses into health topics. Results. We reviewed 4831 courses. We found broad HHR content in baccalaureate, master’s, and continuing education curricula; doctoral programs had limited health content. We identified minimal WLH content across all domains. Topical analysis indicated that more than 50% of courses concentrated on 3 areas: mental and behavioral health, abuse and violence, and substance use and addictions. Conclusions. As a core health profession, social work must strengthen its health and wide-lens content to better prepare graduates for integrated practice and collaboration in the changing health environment.
Caries affected by calcium and fluoride in drinking water and family income
Authors: Arvin Erik , Bardow Allan , Spliid Henrik 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Water quality and socioeconomics influence caries in populations. This study broadens previous studies on how caries is associated with fluoride and calcium in drinking water and with family income by quantifying the combined effect of the three independent variables. The effects of calcium and fluoride can be described as independent effects of the two ions or, alternatively, in the form of saturation with respect to fluorite (CaF2). A general linear model describes this relationship with high significance and the model confirms the important protective effect of calcium and fluoride, independently against caries. From the model, the relative importance of fluoride and calcium to protect against caries is quantified. The relationship between caries and family income is also highly significant. It is illustrated how the linear model can be applied in planning and analyzing drinking water softening in relation to caries.
In Vitro Detection of Caries Around Amalgam Restorations Using Four Different Modalities
Authors: Abrams Tamara E. , Abrams Stephen H. , Sivagurunathan Koneswaran S. , Silvertown Josh D. , Hellen Warren M.P. , Elman Gary I. , Amaechi Bennett T. 
Published: December 2017

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of PTR-LUM (The Canary System, CS), laser fluorescence (DIAGNOdent, DD), LED fluorescence (Spectra), and visual inspection (ICDAS II) to detect natural decay around bonded amalgam restorationsin vitro.Methods:Seventeen extracted human molars and premolars, consisting of visually healthy (n=5) and natural cavitated (n=12) teeth were selected. For the carious teeth, caries was removed leaving some decayed tissue on the floor and or wall of the preparation. For sound teeth, 3 mm. deep cavity preparations were made and teeth were restored with bonded-amalgam restorations. Thirty-six sites (13 sound sites; 23 carious sites) were selected. CS and DD scans were performed in triplicate at 2, 1.5, 0.5, and 0 mm away from the margin of the restoration (MOR). Spectra images were captured for the entire surface, and dentists blinded to the samples provided ICDAS II scoring.Results:Canary Numbers (Mean±SE) for healthy and carious sites at 2, 1.5, 0.5, and 0 mm from the MOR ranged from 12.9±0.9 to 15.4±0.9 and 56.1±4.0 to 56.3±2.0, respectively. DD peak values for healthy and carious sites ranged from 4.7±0.5 to 13.5±2.99, and 16.7±3.7 to 24.5±4.4, respectively. For CS and DD, sensitivity/specificity for sites at 2.0, 1.5, 0.5, 0 mm ranged from 0.95-1.0/0.85-1.0, and 0.45-0.74/0.54-1.0, respectively. For ICDAS II, sensitivity and specificity were 1.0 and 0.17, respectively. For Spectra, data and images were inconclusive due to signal intereference from the amalgam restoration.Conclusions:Using thisin-vitromodel, CS and DD were able to differentiate between sound and carious tissue at the MOR, but larger variation, less reliability, and poorer accuracy was observed for DD. Therefore, CS has the potential to detect secondary caries around amalgam restorations more accurately than the other investigated modalities.
Correlation Between Metabolic Syndrome, Periodontitis and Reactive Oxygen Species Production. A Pilot Study
Authors: Patini Romeo , Gallenzi Patrizia , Spagnuolo Gianrico , Cordaro Massimo , Cantiani Monica , Amalfitano Adriana , Arcovito Alessandro , Callà Cinzia , Mingrone Gertrude , Nocca Giuseppina 
Published: December 2017

Background and Objective:
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with an increased risk of periodontitis even if the mechanism is unknown. Since both MetS and periodontitis are characterized by an alteration of inflammation status, the aim of this pilot study was to determine if differences in ROS metabolism of phagocytes isolated from (A) patients with MetS, (B) patients with both MetS and mild periodontitis, (C) healthy subjects and (D) normal weight subjects with mild periodontitis, were present.

Methods:
ROS metabolism was studied by a Chemiluminescence (CL) technique: the system was made up of luminol (100 nmol/L) and cells (1 × 105) in the presence or absence of stimulus constituted by opsonized zymosan (0.5 mg). The final volume (1.0 mL) was obtained using modified KRP buffer. ROS production was measured at 25°C for 2 h, using an LB 953 luminometer (Berthold, EG & G Co, Germany). All the experiments were performed in triplicate.

Statistical Analysis:
All results are mean ± standard deviation (SD). The group of means was compared by the analysis of variance "(ANOVA)". A value of p < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:
Results showed that basal ROS production (both from PMNs and from PBMs) of groups A, B and D was increased with respect to that obtained from group C (p <0.05).

Conclusion:
These results are congruent with literature data, although the actual clinical relevance of the phenomenon remains to be evaluated.
The Effect of short-term aerobic exercise and green tea consumption on MFO, ‎Fatmax, body composition and lipid profile in sedentary postmenopausal ‎‎women
Authors: Rostamian Marjan , Bijeh Nahid 
Published: December 2017

Background: Visceral fat accumulation due to the decrease in estrogen levels, and gaining weight after menopause, increases the risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women; While physical activity at Fatmax and green tea consumption are recommended for increasing fat oxidation.
Methods: 24 sedentary postmenopausal women were divided into two groups: exercise+supplemnet and exercise+placebo. Exercise tests were performed by gas analyzer device and blood samples were collected after 12 hours of fasting overnight in pre and post test phases. The supplement group had a daily intake of 1200 mg of green tea extract in capsule form. The training Protocol contained two weeks of aerobic exercise at an intensity of about maximum fat oxidation which was performed four times a week and each session took 40 to 50 minutes.
Results: After two weeks, the amounts of weight, body mass index, waist to hip ratio, average total carbohydrate oxidation and HDL were significantly decreased in both groups (p≤0.05). The peak oxygen consumption, maximum fat oxidation, Fatmax and the average total fat oxidation increased but were not significant (p>0.05). Triglyceride (P=0.003) and visceral fat levels (P=0.044) only declined significantly in exercise+placebo group and LDL levels (P=0.043) only increased in exercise+supplement, significantly. Fat percentage also decreased in two groups which was not significant (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Short-term aerobic exercise at Fatmax, alone and along with green tea consumption, reduced body weight and improved average total carbohydrate oxidation in sedentary postmenopausal women and aerobic exercise with green tea was more effective in reducing triglycerides and visceral fat levels.
Time to failure and neuromuscular response to intermittent isometric exercise at different levels of vascular occlusion: a randomized crossover study
Authors: Cerqueira Mikhail Santos , Pereira Rafael , Rocha Taciano , Mesquita Gabriel , Oliveira de Paiva Lima Cláudia Regina , Cristina Falcão Raposo Maria , Galvão De Moura Filho Alberto 
Published: December 2017

Objectives: The purpose this study was investigate the effects of different vascular occlusion levels (total occlusion (TO), partial occlusion (PO) or free flow (FF)) during intermittent isometric handgrip exercise (IIHE) on the time to failure (TF) and the recovery of the maximum voluntary isometric force (MVIF), median frequency (EMGFmed) and peak of EMG signal (EMGpeak) after failure. Methods: Thirteen healthy men (21 ± 1.71 year) carried out an IIHE until the failure at 45% of MVIF with TO, PO or FF. Occlusion pressure was determined previously to the exercise. The MVIF, EMGFmed and EMGpeak were measured before and after exercise. Results: TF (in seconds) was significantly different (p < 0.05) among all investigated conditions: TO (150 ± 68), PO (390 ± 210) and FF (510 ± 240). The MVIF was lower immediately after IIHE, remaining lower eleven minutes after failure in all cases (p <0.05), when compared to pre exercise. There was a greater force reduction (p <0.05) one minute after the failure in the PO (-45.8%) and FF (-39.9%) conditions, when compared to TO (-28.1%). Only the PO condition caused lower MVIF (p <0.05) than in the OT, eleven minutes after the task failure. PO caused a greater reduction in EMGFmed compared TO and greater increase in EMGpeak, when compared to TO and FF (p <0.05). Conclusions: TO during IIHE lead to a lower time to failure, but a faster MVIF recovery, while the PO seems to be associated to a slower neuromuscular recovery, when compared to other conditions.
Effect of 8-Week Aquatic, Land- based and Combined (Aquatic-Land) Training Programs On Walking Capacity in Women with Multiple Sclerosis (MS): A Burdenko Approach
Authors: Ghaffari Raheleh 
Published: December 2017

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease affecting all aspects of life in patients with this disease and causes a wide range of functional problems, including reduced walking capacity. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 8 weeks aquatic, land-based and combined (aquatic-land (exercise programs according to Burdenko method on the walking capacity measured by 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). This was a pre- post design study. Thirty one women diagnosed with MS, age range 30-50 years, EDSS<4.5, and living in Amol, Iran participated in this study. The paired t-test results demonstrated a significant improvement in the walking ability of individuals after aquatic exercises (t = -2.23, α=0.048), land-based exercises (t = -5.31, α= 0.001) and combined exercises (t = -4.00, α = 0.001) compared to the pretest. The results of covariance test indicated that aquatic, land-based and combined exercise programs had different effects on the walking ability (power = 0.80, P = 0.001, and F30, 2 = 8.98). Results of LSD post hoc analysis further indicated that the mean 6MWT in the land-based exercise group and combined exercise group was significantly higher than the aquatic exercise group (p<0.05), but no significant difference was found in the mean of 6MWT between land-based exercise group and combined exercise group (p>0.05). According to the results of this study, the combined and land-based exercises can be suggested for people with MS in order to improve their walking capacity. These methods can be suggested as appropriate non-pharmacologic complementary therapies in the rehabilitation centers.
The relationship between flat feet and cavus foot with body mass index in girl students
Authors: Hajirezaei Behnaz , Mirzaei Saeed , Khezri Ali 
Published: December 2017

Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between flat feet and cavus foot with body mass index in girl students.
Methods: The study population consisted of the Mazandaran University students that their number was 260 (130 girl college students and 130 girl students of non-physical education) formed. Sampling of participants over the two days. Height and weight of the subjects were measured, then they were placed on a mirror box and were taken the photographs of the Plantar foot. for picture Plantar foot was used of the mirror box (pedescope). data analyzed by Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient.
Results: The results of Pearson correlation coefficient test in physical education subjects showed there was no relationship the between BMI and flat feet (0.306). Also, the relationship between BMI and cavus foot was significant and direct (0.330). The results of Spearman correlation coefficient test in physical education subjects showed that the relationship between BMI and flat feet was significant (0.457). Also, there was no relationship between BMI and cavus foot (-0.026). The results in non-physical education subjects showed the relationship between BMI and flat feet was significant, but was in the opposite direction (-0.493). Also, the relationship between BMI and cavus foot was significant and direct (0.424). The results of Spearman correlation test showed that the relationship and flat feet was significant but was in the opposite direction (-0.648). Also, the relationship between BMI and cavus foot was significant (0.413).
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it seems to there was no relationship between flat feet and cavus foot with body mass index in girl students.
Reflexões sobre o percurso formativo de futuros professores de matemática durante o estágio supervisionado
Authors: Bacury Gerson Ribeiro , Gonçalves Tadeu Oliver 
Published: December 2017

Este artigo resulta das experiências formativas e constitutivas da pesquisa de doutorado intitulada “Práticas Investigativas na formação de futuros professores de Matemática”, defendida em 2017. Essa investigação teve como participantes os acadêmicos do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática, da Universidade Federal de Manaus (UFAM) e ocorreu no decurso da disciplina de Estágio Supervisionado, por meio de um grupo de estudos e pesquisas. A análise desenvolvida apresenta algumas reflexões sobre o percurso formativo de futuros professores de Matemática, os quais, durante a realização dessa disciplina, questionaram: Em que termos os futuros professores de Matemática veem as escolas e concebem suas práticas profissionais? Para tanto, objetivamos: Conhecer, a partir dos percursos formativos, os olhares dos futuros professores de Matemática quanto ao ambiente escolar e à sua conduta profissional porvir. O texto apresenta uma seção introdutória, abordando o percurso formativo do autor, com vistas às reflexões presentes no texto. Nas seções seguintes, são discutidos os aspectos teóricos, os caminhos metodológicos sob a égide da pesquisa colaborativa e as reflexões esquadrinhadas e pautadas nas informações recolhidas durante o processo da pesquisa, com base nos percursos formativos dos partícipes desse estudo, subsidiados pelas sessões reflexivas. Quanto aos resultados alcançados, evidenciou-se o fato dos futuros professores, em suas reflexões, destacarem as dificuldades que passam os estudantes na Educação Básica e, com isso, em sua atuação futura como professores de Matemática, procurar outros caminhos didáticos e metodológicos para ensinar a Matemática a seus estudantes. Palavras-chave: Formação de professores de Matemática. Estágio Supervisionado. Pesquisa Colaborativa.
A visão dos preceptores a respeito da residência multiprofissional com foco na ortopedia e traumatologia no interior da Amazônia
Authors: Pereira Monique Natálle Silva , Nascimento Junior Jorge Carlos Menezes , Galvão Edna Ferreira Coelho 
Published: December 2017

A nova constituição do conceito de saúde e de assistência à saúde baseada nos princípios da universalidade, integralidade, equidade, intersetorialidade, humanização do atendimento e participação social propostas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde têm requerido a reformulação da atuação dos diversos atores que compõem o quadro da atenção à saúde para que a assistência ao usuário seja pautada na atuação multiprofissional. A pesquisa busca avaliar a percepção sobre o processo de ensino aprendizagem desenvolvido no contexto da Ortopedia e Traumatologia entre preceptores inseridos na Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde na Atenção Integral em Traumatologia e Ortopedia. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal realizado com 29 preceptores através da aplicação de um questionário formulado pelos autores da pesquisa. Os dados foram tratados no Microsoft Excel Office 2013 e teste Qui-quadrado no Bioestat 5.3 com p≤0.05. Nos resultados, 72,4%; n=21 respondeu “Não” quando questionados se tiveram acesso ao Projeto Político Pedagógico (PPP) e a parcela de 93,1%; n=27 acreditam que a Residência está voltada para o fortalecimento dos princípios e diretrizes do SUS. Portanto, o processo de ensino aprendizagem da Residência Multiprofissional possui pontos positivos assim como algumas lacunas em sua estrutura que podem ser minimizadas através da organização e entrosamento entre a equipe envolvida no programa, para que o ensino e aprendizagem seja um instrumento de mudança na oferta de saúde de qualidade à comunidade. Palavras-chave: Residência. Multiprofissional. Preceptores.
Construyendo una noción de campesinos con un método
Authors: Moreno Moreno Mónica Cecilia 
Published: December 2017

El objetivo del artí­culo es mostrar la forma en que el sociólogo Orlando Fals Borda construyó una noción que resaltaba la creatividad y apertura al cambio de los campesinos colombianos. Se argumenta que esta idea fue construida gracias a la implementación que Fals hizo del método de experimentación por participación. Se analiza este método seleccionando categorí­as presentes en las notas de campo elaboradas por Fals y se muestra su relación con procesos de cohesión comunitaria y con un plan para extender a nivel nacional la modernización rural.