bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in Nanostructured Vanadium Oxides and Composites for Energy Conversion
Authors: Liu Minsu , Su Bin , Tang Yue , Jiang Xuchuan , Yu Aibing 
Published: August 2017

AbstractVanadium oxides are known for their multioxidation states and diverse crystalline structures. Owing to their excellent interactions with molecules or ions, outstanding catalytic activities, and/or strong electron–electron correlations, nanostructured vanadium oxides have been extensively studied for energy conversion in the recent years. Here is a review of the recent advances in the development of nanostructured vanadium oxides and their applications. The synthesis strategies and structural properties of various vanadium oxide nanostructures, including vanadium dioxide (VO2), vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), and others, are summarized. The applications of vanadium oxides in energy conversion are discussed, focusing on three important types of energy sources: chemical energy (LIBs, pseudocapacitors and fuel cells), solar energy (photovoltaics and photocatalytic hydrogen evolutions), and heat (thermoelectric generation). Finally, conclusion with our remarks on the prospects of nanostructured vanadium oxides in energy conversion are provided.
Synthesis, crystal structures and DNA/human serum albumin binding of ternary Cu(II) complexes containing amino acids and 6‐(pyrazin‐2‐yl)‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4‐diamino
Authors: Zhang Chun‐Lian , Zhang Xue‐Mei , Liu Wei , Chen Shi , Mao Zong‐Wan , Le Xue‐Yi 
Published: August 2017

Two water‐soluble 6‐(pyrazin‐2‐yl)‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4‐diamino (pzta)‐based Cu(II) complexes, namely [Cu(l‐Val)(pzta)(H2O)]ClO4 (1) and [Cu(l‐Thr)(pzta)(H2O)]ClO4 (2) (l‐Val: l‐valinate; l‐Thr: l‐threoninate), were synthesized and characterized using elemental analyses, molar conductance measurements, spectroscopic methods and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The results indicated that the molecular structures of the complexes are five‐coordinated and show a distorted square‐pyramidal geometry, in which the central copper ions are coordinated to N,N atoms of pzta and N,O atoms of amino acids. The interactions of the complexes with DNA were investigated using electronic absorption, competitive fluorescence titration, circular dichroism and viscosity measurements. These studies confirmed that the complexes bind to DNA through a groove binding mode with certain affinities (Kb = 4.71 × 103 and 1.98 × 103 M−1 for 1 and 2, respectively). The human serum albumin (HSA) binding properties of the complexes were also evaluated using fluorescence and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopies, indicating that the complexes could quench the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA in a static quenching process. The relevant thermodynamic parameters revealed the involvement of van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds in the formation of complex–HSA systems. Finally, molecular docking technology was also used to further verify the interactions of the complexes with DNA/HSA.
Toward gene expression programming for accurate prognostication of the critical oil flow rate through the choke: correlation development
Authors: Rostami Alireza , Ebadi Hojatollah 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this study, gene expression programming (GEP) was employed to develop a new equation for calculating choke flow rate as a function of fluid properties and wellhead choke characteristics. For this reason, a comprehensive databank was adopted from the petroleum industry, and then, the databank was split into three groups of training set for model construction (70% of database), test set for model evaluation (15% of database), and validation set for avoiding over‐fitting problem (15% of database). For assessing of GEP model, numerous statistical and graphical tools were applied, and then, it was compared with widely applied literature correlations. Consequently, the proposed tool in this study gives the best fit with the actual flow rate data with the average absolute relative deviation of 11.0872% and determination coefficient (R2) of 0.9695. Additionally, cumulative frequency plot demonstrates that the GEP model has the highest frequency over the database. The outcomes of the GEP model were also compared with the outputs of the artificial neural network (ANN) revealing the higher precision of the ANN than the proposed GEP model in this study. At the end, it is worthwhile that the suggested model can be used as reliable tool for choke performance modeling. © 2017 Curtin University and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and characterization of nanocomposite SAPO‐34/ceramic membrane for post‐combustion CO2 capture
Authors: Kgaphola Kedibone , Sigalas Iakovos , Daramola Michael O. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThin‐film SAPO‐34 membranes can separate CO2 efficiently. However, crack formation due to thermal expansion mismatch between the SAPO‐34 crystals and the support occurs at high operating temperatures, thereby resulting in a dramatic loss. Nanocomposite architecture SAPO‐34 membranes prepared via pore‐plugging hydrothermal synthesis could overcome this problem. In this study, nanocomposite SAPO‐34 membranes were synthesized via pore‐plugging hydrothermal and evaluated for N2/CO2 separation. Physico‐chemical property of the as‐synthesized membranes was checked with X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, thermal gravimetric analyser, and Fourier transform infrared. The X‐ray diffraction pattern reveals characteristic peaks associated with the rhombohedral crystal type of SAPO‐34; thermal gravimetric analyser shows a high thermal stability, Fourier transform infrared spectra indicate the presence of the D6R and T–O vibrations which form an essential part of the SAPO‐34 structure, and scanning electron microscope images of the membranes reveal cubic morphology of the SAPO‐34 crystals embedded in the ceramic support. Single gas permeation experiments using pure component of CO2 and N2 conducted to evaluate the separation performance of the membranes during post‐combustion CO2 capture reveal that ideal selectivity increased significantly for multistage pore‐plugging hydrothermal synthesis. The Maxwell–Stefan model describes adequately the CO2 permeation behaviour through the membrane as well. However, the membrane flux reduced owing to increase in membrane thickness. © 2017 Curtin University and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Processing of co‐reference in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Howard Philippa L. , Liversedge Simon P. , Benson Valerie 
Published: August 2017

Accuracy for reading comprehension and inferencing tasks has previously been reported as reduced for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), relative to typically developing (TD) controls. In this study, we used an eye movements and reading paradigm to examine whether this difference in performance accuracy is underpinned by differences in the inferential work required to compute a co‐referential link. Participants read two sentences that contained a category noun (e.g., bird) that was preceded by and co‐referred to an exemplar that was either typical (e.g., pigeon) or atypical (e.g., penguin). Both TD and ASD participants showed an effect of typicality for gaze durations upon the category noun, with longer times being observed when the exemplar was atypical, in comparison to typical. No group differences or interactions were detected for target processing, and verbal language proficiency was found to predict general reading and inferential skill. The only difference between groups was that individuals with ASD engaged in more re‐reading than TD participants. These data suggest that readers with ASD do not differ in the efficiency with which they compute anaphoric links on‐line during reading. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1968–1980. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryIndividuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have previously been reported to have difficulties with reading comprehension. This study examined whether a difference in the speed with which individuals with ASD form connections between words (co‐reference processing) may contribute to comprehension difficulties. No evidence was found to suggest that ASD readers differ to typically developing readers in the speed of co‐reference processing. Therefore, this data would suggest that differences in co‐reference processing are unlikely to account for reading comprehension difficulties in ASD.
Risk of death from breast cancer after treatment for ductal carcinoma in situ
Authors: Wadsten C , Garmo H , Fredriksson I , Sund M , Wärnberg F 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Background
Studies to date have failed to demonstrate any survival benefit from preventing local recurrence after treatment for ductal breast carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Patient- and tumour-related risk factors for death from breast cancer in women with a primary DCIS were analysed here in a large case–control study.

Methods
A nested case–control study was conducted in a population-based cohort of women with primary DCIS between 1992 and 2012. Women who later died from breast cancer were identified. Four controls per case were selected randomly by incidence density sampling. Medical records and pathology reports were retrieved. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 per cent confidence intervals for risk of death from breast cancer.

Results
From a cohort of 6964 women, 96 who died from breast cancer were identified and these were compared with a group of 318 controls. Tumour size over 25 mm or multifocal DCIS (OR 2·55, 95 per cent c.i. 1·53 to 4·25), a positive or uncertain margin status (OR 3·91, 1·59 to 9·61) and detection outside the screening programme (OR 2·12, 1·16 to 3·86) increased the risk of death from breast cancer. The risks were not affected by age or type of treatment. In the multivariable analysis, tumour size (OR 1·95, 1·06 to 3·67) and margin status (OR 2·69, 1·15 to 7·11) remained significant.

Conclusion
In the present study, large tumour size and positive or uncertain margin status were associated with a higher risk of death from breast cancer after treatment for primary DCIS. More extensive treatment was not associated with lower risk, which may be due to confounding by indication, or indicate that some DCIS has an inherent potential for metastatic spread.
An MS Excel tool for water distribution network design in environmental engineering education
Authors: Demir Selami , Manav Demir Neslihan , Karadeniz Aykut 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAn MS Excel tool for teaching hydraulic analysis of water distribution networks (WDNs) was developed. The tool is able to perform both steady‐state and extended period simulations of a WDN. The tool does not require installation and offers a portable solution to WDN design problem in undergraduate environmental engineering studies.
Effects of propolis, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, and pollen on renal injury in hypertensive rat: An experimental and theoretical approach
Authors: Salmas Ramin Ekhteiari , Gulhan Mehmet Fuat , Durdagi Serdar , Sahna Engin , Abdullah Huda I. , Selamoglu Zeliha 
Published: August 2017

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effects of propolis, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE; active compound in propolis), and pollen on biochemical oxidative stress biomarkers in rat kidney tissue inhibited by Nω‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester (L‐NAME). The biomarkers evaluated were paraoxonase (PON1), oxidative stress index (OSI), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB). TAS levels and PON1 activity were significantly decreased in kidney tissue samples in the L‐NAME‐treated group (P < 0.05). The levels of TAS and PONI were higher in the L‐NAME plus propolis, CAPE, and pollen groups compared with the L‐NAME‐treated group. TOS, ADMA, and NF‐κB levels were significantly increased in the kidney tissue samples of the L‐NAME‐treated group (P < 0.05). However, these parameters were significantly lower in the L‐NAME plus propolis, CAPE, and pollen groups (P < 0.05) compared with rats administered L‐NAME alone (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the binding energy of CAPE within catalytic domain of glutathione reductase (GR) enzyme as well as its inhibitory mechanism was determined using molecular modeling approaches. In conclusion, experimental and theoretical data suggested that oxidative alterations occurring in the kidney tissue of chronic hypertensive rats may be prevented via active compound of propolis, CAPE administration.
Tacrolimus regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress–mediated osteoclastogenesis and inflammation: In vitro and collagen‐induced arthritis mouse model
Authors: Lee Won‐Seok , Jeong Ji‐Hyeon , Lee Eun‐Gyeong , Choi Yunjung , Kim Jin‐Hee , Kim Hang‐Rae , Yoo Wan‐Hee 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTacrolimus is an immunosuppressive drug that inhibits the release of inflammatory cytokines involved in rheumatoid arthritis development by blocking T cell activation. “Endoplasmic reticulum stress,” an imbalance between protein folding load and capacity leading to the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen, has been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory and metabolic diseases. We aimed to investigate the effect of tacrolimus on endoplasmic reticulum stress–mediated osteoclastogenesis and inflammation and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. In vitro studies were performed using mouse bone marrow cells that were cultured with or without interleukin‐1β, thapsigargin, or tacrolimus to induce osteoclast differentiation. A mouse model of arthritis was established by immunizing mice with bovine type II collagen. Tacrolimus was orally administered to mice from day 20 to 45 following the initial immunization, and histopathological changes and expression of specific biomarkers of endoplasmic reticulum stress–mediated inflammatory signaling pathways were examined. In vitro, tacrolimus inhibited receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand‐mediated osteoclast formation augmented by interleukin‐1β, thapsigargin, or both. Furthermore, tacrolimus inhibited glucose‐regulated protein (GRP78), protein kinase R‐like endoplasmic reticulum kinase, inositol‐requiring enzyme 1 (IRE 1), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) augmented by interleukin‐1β, thapsigargin, or both. Tacrolimus significantly ameliorated osteolysis and endoplasmic reticulum stress intensity in mice. Simultaneously, it reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, osteoclastogenesis, and inflammatory responses by inhibiting GRP78, IRE 1, and ATF6. These findings suggest that tacrolimus exhibits an anti‐inflammation effect in rheumatoid arthritis and might inhibit joint damage progression by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Manganese‐Mediated Linkage of Perchlorate to Aminotetrazoles Produces Twice the Energy Density of the Unmetalated Salt
Authors: O'Sullivan Owen T. , Zdilla Michael J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNew regimes of energy density in energetic materials may be achieved by replacement of oxidizing nitro groups with stronger oxidants such as oxychlorine species. We report the energetic material 1,3‐di‐tert‐butyltetrazolium‐5‐imidoperchloratomanganese(II) 2, which crystallizes as an oligomeric cubane cluster. Bomb calorimetry on the amorphous, solvent‐free phase gives an energy density of at least 40±3 MJ L−, higher than hydrocarbon combustion in air, more than twice that of traditional energetic nitramines, and ≈70 % higher than that of the unmetalated tetrazolium perchlorate salt without metal linkage. The effects of solid‐state structure, charge, and lattice energy on the energy of 2 are discussed.
Silylene‐Functionalized N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (Si−NHC)
Authors: Rottschäfer Dennis , Blomeyer Sebastian , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Ghadwal Rajendra S. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe synthesis, structure, and reactivity of the first silylene‐functionalized N‐heterocyclic carbene (Si‐NHC), {(L1)Si}(L2), (3) (L1=PhC(NtBu)2, L2=CCH(CNAr)2C:, Ar=2,6‐diisopropylphenyl) are reported. The ditopic carbanionic‐NHC (dc‐NHC), [Li(L2)]∞ (1) reacts with the monochlorosilylene (L1)SiCl (2) to afford 3. The HOMO of 3 is the silylene lone‐pair orbital, whereas the HOMO−1 is located at the carbene carbon atom. Both SiII and CII functionalities of 3 undergo reactions with chalcogens to give heavier ketone derivatives {(L1)Si(E)}L2(E) (E=S, 4; Se, 5; and Te, 6). Compounds 4–6 feature a highly polarized Siδ+−Eδ− bond with a formal charge of −0.72 (4), −0.64 (5), and −0.50 e (6) on the E atom. The Wiberg bond indices of 1.64 (4), 1.66 (5), and 1.63 (6) for the Si−E bond however indicate a moderate pπ–pπ interaction between Si and E atoms. Compound 3 functions as a reducing agent and induces disproportionation of Si2Cl6 to yield the silyl‐functionalized NHC, {(L1)SiCl2}(L2) (7). Treatment of 3 with HSiCl3 leads to the formation of the silyl‐functionalized imidazolium salt [{(L1)SiCl2}(L2H)]Cl (8). The silylene moiety of 3 readily forms the iridium–silylene complex [{(L2)(L1)Si}Ir(cod)Cl] (9) featuring a free NHC ligand on treatment with [Ir(cod)(μ‐Cl)]2.
A New Energy‐Saving Catalytic System: Carbon Dioxide Activation by a Metal/Carbon Catalyst
Authors: Yun Danim , Park Dae Sung , Lee Kyung Rok , Yun Yang Sik , Kim Tae Yong , Park Hongseok , Lee Hyunjoo , Yi Jongheop 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe conversion of CO2 into useful chemicals is an attractive method to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to produce sustainable chemicals. However, the thermodynamic stability of CO2 means that a lot of energy is required for its conversion into chemicals. Here, we suggest a new catalytic system with an alternative heating system that allows minimal energy consumption during CO2 conversion. In this system, electrical energy is transferred as heat energy to the carbon‐supported metal catalyst. Fast ramping rates allow high operating temperatures (Tapp=250 °C) to be reached within 5 min, which leads to an 80‐fold decrease of energy consumption in methane reforming using CO2 (DRM). In addition, the consumed energy normalized by time during the DRM reaction in this current‐assisted catalysis is sixfold lower (11.0 kJ min−1) than that in conventional heating systems (68.4 kJ min−1).
Electrolyte Engineering: Optimizing High‐Rate Double‐Layer Capacitances of Micropore‐ and Mesopore‐Rich Activated Carbon
Authors: Chen Ting‐Hao , Yang Cheng‐Hsien , Su Ching‐Yuan , Lee Tai‐Chou , Dong Quan‐Feng , Chang Jeng‐Kuei 
Published: August 2017

AbstractVarious types of electrolyte cations as well as binary cations are used to optimize the capacitive performance of activated carbon (AC) with different pore structures. The high‐rate capability of micropore‐rich AC, governed by the mobility of desolvated cations, can outperform that of mesopore‐rich AC, which essentially depends on the electrolyte conductivity.
Automated analysis of individual sperm cells using stain‐free interferometric phase microscopy and machine learning
Authors: Mirsky Simcha K. , Barnea Itay , Levi Mattan , Greenspan Hayit , Shaked Natan T. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCurrently, the delicate process of selecting sperm cells to be used for in vitro fertilization (IVF) is still based on the subjective, qualitative analysis of experienced clinicians using non‐quantitative optical microscopy techniques. In this work, a method was developed for the automated analysis of sperm cells based on the quantitative phase maps acquired through use of interferometric phase microscopy (IPM). Over 1,400 human sperm cells from 8 donors were imaged using IPM, and an algorithm was designed to digitally isolate sperm cell heads from the quantitative phase maps while taking into consideration both the cell 3D morphology and contents, as well as acquire features describing sperm head morphology. A subset of these features was used to train a support vector machine (SVM) classifier to automatically classify sperm of good and bad morphology. The SVM achieves an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 88.59% and an area under the precision‐recall curve of 88.67%, as well as precisions of 90% or higher. We believe that our automatic analysis can become the basis for objective and automatic sperm cell selection in IVF. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Conserved and variable: Understanding mammary stem cells across species
Authors: Rauner Gat , Ledet Melissa M. , Van de Walle Gerlinde R. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPostnatal mammary gland development requires the presence of mammary stem and progenitor cells (MaSC), which give rise to functional milk‐secreting cells and regenerate the mammary epithelium with each cycle of lactation. These long‐lived, tissue‐resident MaSC are also targets for malignant transformation and may be cancer cells‐of‐origin. Consequently, MaSC are extensively researched in relation to their role and function in development, tissue regeneration, lactation, and breast cancer. The basic structure and function of the mammary gland are conserved among all mammalian species, from the most primitive to the most evolved. However, species vary greatly in their lactation strategies and mammary cancer incidence, making MaSC an interesting focus for comparative research. MaSC have been characterized in mice, to a lesser degree in humans, and to an even lesser degree in few additional mammals. They remain uncharacterized in most mammalian species, including “ancient” monotremes, marsupials, wild, and rare species, as well as in common and domestic species such as cats. Identification and comparison of MaSC across a large variety of species, particularly those with extreme lactational adaptations or low mammary cancer incidence, is expected to deepen our understanding of development and malignancy in the mammary gland. Here, we review the current status of MaSC characterization across species, and underline species variations in lactation and mammary cancer through which we may learn about the role of MaSC in these processes. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
A20 deletion in T cells modulates acute graft‐versus‐host disease in mice
Authors: Fischer Julius C. , Otten Vera , Steiger Katja , Schmickl Martina , Slotta‐Huspenina Julia , Beyaert Rudi , van Loo Geert , Peschel Christian , Poeck Hendrik , Haas Tobias , Spoerl Silvia 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe NF‐κB regulator A20 limits inflammation by providing negative feedback in myeloid cells and B cells. Functional lack of A20 has been linked to several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. To define how A20 affects the functionality of T effector cells in a highly inflammatory environment, we performed conventional allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) with A20‐deficient CD4+ and CD8+ donor T cells in mice. Severity and mortality of graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) after allo‐HSCT was drastically reduced in recipients transplanted with conventional doses of A20‐deficient T cells. Consistently, we found that the A20‐deficient donor T‐cell compartment was strongly diminished at various timepoints after allo‐HSCT. However, proportionally more A20‐deficient donor T cells produced IFN‐γ and systemic inflammation was elevated early after allo‐HSCT. Consequently, increasing the dose of transplanted A20‐deficient T cells reversed the original phenotype and resulted in enhanced GVHD mortality compared to recipients that received A20+/+ T cells. Still, A20‐deficient T cells, activated either through T cell receptor‐dependent or ‐independent mechanisms, were less viable than control A20+/+ T cells, highlighting that A20 balances both, T‐cell activation and survival. Thus, our findings suggest that targeting A20 in T cells may allow to modulate T‐cell‐mediated inflammatory diseases like GVHD.