bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of anterior segment health in wild and captive common murres
Authors: Freeman Kate S. , Fiorello Christine , Murray Michael 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate and compare the anterior segment health of wild and captive common murres.ProceduresThirty wild common murres (Uria aalge) were captured and housed in freshwater pools and had an adnexal and anterior segment exam performed prior to a subsequent wildlife health study. The examination included phenol red thread tear tests, fluorescein staining, slit‐lamp biomicroscopy, rebound tonometry, and conjunctival culture sampling. Six captive common murres housed in natural seawater at the Monterey Bay Aquarium were examined in a similar manner.ResultsThe most common ophthalmic lesion in the wild birds was corneal fibrosis with 55% prevalence, and over half of these were potentially vision threatening. Lenticular opacity (cataract or sclerosis or both) was the most common lesion in captive murres seen in 67% of the eyes. Mean phenol red tear test for all eyes without ulcers was 20 ± 3.6 mm. Mean intraocular pressure for all eyes without ulcers or flare was 23 ± 2.6 mmHg. The wild murres had a low percentage (17%) of positive conjunctival cultures. The captive murres had no growth on any culture.ConclusionsWild murres are more likely to suffer corneal lesions, whereas captive murres are more likely to experience age‐related lenticular diseases. Corneal scarring indicates that wild murres are frequently exposed to ocular trauma and the body condition scores indicate they appear to remain successful predators despite some vision compromise.
Cofactors associated with Sudden Acquired Retinal Degeneration Syndrome: 151 dogs within a reference population
Authors: Auten Candace R. , Thomasy Sara M. , Kass Philip H. , Good Kathryn L. , Hollingsworth Steven R. , Maggs David J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo determine factors associated with sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS) diagnosed within one referral population.Animals Studied151 dogs diagnosed withSARDS.ProceduresBreed, age, sex, and body weight were compared between dogs with electroretinogram‐confirmedSARDSand dogs presented to theUCDavis Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (UCD‐VMTH) from 1991 to 2014.ResultsSARDSwas diagnosed in 151 dogs, representing 1.3% of dogs presented to theUCD‐VMTHfor ophthalmic disease. Although dogs of 36 breeds were affected, the Dachshund (n = 31, 21%), Schnauzer (16, 11%), Pug (11, 7%), and Brittany (5, 3%) were significantly overrepresented, and the Labrador Retriever (3, 2%) was significantly underrepresented vs. the reference population (P < 0.001). Median (range) age and body weight of affected vs. reference dogs were 8.9 (3–20) vs. 6.8 (0.1–26) years and 12.4 (2.8–52.7) vs. 22.3 (0.1–60) kg, respectively. Dogs 6–10 years of age and between 10–20 kg in body weight were significantly overrepresented in theSARDSpopulation, while dogs <6 years of age were significantly underrepresented (P < 0.01). Spayed females (59% of affected dogs) were significantly overrepresented compared to the reference population, whereas intact females (1% of affected dogs) were significantly underrepresented.ConclusionsConsistent with previous studies, smaller, middle‐aged, spayed female dogs may be at increased risk of developingSARDS. Unlike previous studies, this is the first study comparing a variety ofSARDS‐affected breeds to a reference population. Potentially increased risk ofSARDSin several breeds, particularly Dachshunds, suggests a familial factor that warrants further investigation using genetic techniques.
Impact of Using Tools in an Undergraduate Software Testing Course Supported by WReSTT
Authors: Clarke Peter J. , Davis Debra L. , Chang-Lau Raymond , King Tariq M. 
Published: August 2017

Software continues to affect a major part of our daily lives, including the way we use our phones, home appliances, medical devices, and cars. The pervasiveness of software has led to a growing demand for software developers over the next decade. To ensure the high quality of software developed in industry, students being trained in software engineering also need to be trained on how to use testing techniques and supporting tools effectively at all levels of development.
In this article, we investigate how testing tools are used in the software project of an undergraduate testing course. We also investigate how a cyberlearning environment—the Web-Based Repository of Software Testing Tutorials (WReSTT)—is used to supplement the learning materials presented in class, particularly the tutorials on different software testing tools. The results of a study spanning three semesters of the undergraduate course suggest that (1) the use of code coverage tools motivates students to improve their test suites; (2) the number of bugs found when using coverage tools slightly increased, which is similar to the results found in the research literature; and (3) students find WReSTT to be a useful resource for learning about software testing techniques and the use of code coverage tools.
Women’s Small-Scale, Home-Based Informal Employment during Cuba’s Special Period
Authors: Jerónimo Kersh Daliany 
Published: August 2017

There is consensus in the literature that adherence to the traditional division of labor in Cuban society caused women to be disproportionately affected by the cutbacks to state services and shortages during the post-Soviet economic crisis known as the Special Period. After the devaluation of the state wage, many Cubans had to look for alternative forms of employment. Highly skilled professional Cuban women turned to feminized informal activities that made them similar to women in capitalist countries in the region and amounted to a partial reversal of the revolution’s substantial progress on gender equality. In contrast to the regulated self-employment on which existing studies focus, women’s informal labor up until 2010 was often small-scale, home-based, and unregulated. An analysis of oral histories and press archives identifies changes and continuities in women’s informal work during the crisis and shows where the interviewees locate themselves within this watershed in the Cuban Revolution. Existe un consenso sobre el hecho de que la adhesión a la división tradicional del trabajo en la sociedad cubana afectó de manera desproporcional a las mujeres a partir de la crisis económica post-soviética conocida como el Período Especial, con sus concomitantes recortes a los servicios estatales y la escasez. Tras la devaluación de los salarios estatales, muchos Cubanos tuvieron que buscar formas de empleo alternativas. Las profesionales cubanas altamente calificadas se dedicaron a actividades informales feminizadas, como ya hacían las mujeres en países capitalistas de la región, dando lugar a un retroceso parcial en el progreso revolucionario hacia la igualdad de género. A diferencia de lo que muestran estudios previos sobre el trabajo regulado por cuenta propia, hasta 2010 el trabajo informal de las mujeres a menudo se llevaba a cabo en pequeña escala, dentro del hogar y de manera no reglamentada. Un análisis de historias orales y archivos de prensa traza los cambios y continuidades en el trabajo informal de las mujeres durante la crisis y muestra dónde se ubican las entrevistadas en tal momento decisivo de la Revolución cubana.
The Incidence of Subsequent Meniscal Surgery Is Higher in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Reconstructed Knee Than in the Contralateral Knee
Authors: Davis Brent R. , Chen Jason , Inacio Maria C.S. , Love Rebecca , Prentice Heather A. , Maletis Gregory B. 
Published: August 2017

Background: A goal of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is to provide a meniscal protective effect for the knee. Purpose: (1) To evaluate whether there was a different likelihood of subsequent meniscal surgery in the ACL-reconstructed knee or in the normal contralateral knee and (2) to compare the risk factors associated with subsequent meniscal surgery in the ACL-reconstructed knee and contralateral knee. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Using an integrated health care system’s ACL reconstruction registry, patients undergoing primary ACL reconstruction, with no meniscal injury at the time of index surgery and a normal contralateral knee, were evaluated. Subsequent meniscal tears associated with ACL graft revision were excluded. Subsequent meniscal surgery in either knee was the outcome of interest. Sex, age, and graft type were assessed as potential risk factors. Survival analysis was used to compare meniscal surgery–free survival rates and to assess risk factors of subsequent meniscal surgery. Results: Of 4087 patients, there were 32 (0.78%) patients who underwent subsequent meniscal surgery in the index knee and 9 (0.22%) in the contralateral knee. The meniscal surgery–free survival rate at 4 years was 99.08% (95% CI, 98.64%-99.37%) in the index knee and 99.65% (95% CI, 99.31%-99.82%) in the contralateral knee. There was a 3.73 (95% CI, 1.73-8.04; P < .001) higher risk of subsequent meniscal surgery in the index knee compared with the contralateral knee, or a 0.57% absolute risk difference. After adjustments, allografts (hazard ratio [HR], 5.06; 95% CI, 1.80-14.23; P = .002) and hamstring autografts (HR, 3.11; 95% CI, 1.06-9.10; P = .038) were risk factors for subsequent meniscal surgery in the index knee compared with bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) autografts. Conclusion: After ACL reconstruction, the overall risk of subsequent meniscal surgery was low. However, the relative risk of subsequent meniscal surgery in the ACL-reconstructed knee was higher compared with the contralateral knee. Only graft type was found to be a risk factor for subsequent meniscal surgery in the ACL-reconstructed knee, with a higher risk for allografts and hamstring autografts compared with BPTB autografts.
Development and Validation of a Portable and Inexpensive Tool to Measure the Drop Vertical Jump Using the Microsoft Kinect V2
Authors: Gray Aaron D. , Willis Brad W. , Skubic Marjorie , Huo Zhiyu , Razu Swithin , Sherman Seth L. , Guess Trent M. , Jahandar Amirhossein , Gulbrandsen Trevor R. , Miller Scott , Siesener Nathan J. 
Published: August 2017

Background: Noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in adolescent female athletes is an increasing problem. The knee-ankle separation ratio (KASR), calculated at initial contact (IC) and peak flexion (PF) during the drop vertical jump (DVJ), is a measure of dynamic knee valgus. The Microsoft Kinect V2 has shown promise as a reliable and valid marker-less motion capture device. Hypothesis: The Kinect V2 will demonstrate good to excellent correlation between KASR results at IC and PF during the DVJ, as compared with a “gold standard” Vicon motion analysis system. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Level of Evidence: Level 2. Methods: Thirty-eight healthy volunteer subjects (20 male, 18 female) performed 5 DVJ trials, simultaneously measured by a Vicon MX-T40S system, 2 AMTI force platforms, and a Kinect V2 with customized software. A total of 190 jumps were completed. The KASR was calculated at IC and PF during the DVJ. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) assessed the degree of KASR agreement between the Kinect and Vicon systems. Results: The ICCs of the Kinect V2 and Vicon KASR at IC and PF were 0.84 and 0.95, respectively, showing excellent agreement between the 2 measures. The Kinect V2 successfully identified the KASR at PF and IC frames in 182 of 190 trials, demonstrating 95.8% reliability. Conclusion: The Kinect V2 demonstrated excellent ICC of the KASR at IC and PF during the DVJ when compared with the Vicon system. A customized Kinect V2 software program demonstrated good reliability in identifying the KASR at IC and PF during the DVJ. Clinical Relevance: Reliable, valid, inexpensive, and efficient screening tools may improve the accessibility of motion analysis assessment of adolescent female athletes.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of a Layered Titanate Achieved via Simple Mixing with TiO2-Based Photocatalysts as Additives
Authors: Hattori Hideya , Eguchi Miharu , Ide Yusuke , Sano Tsuneji 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
H1.07Ti1.73□0.27O4 (HTO) showed largely enhanced photocatalytic activity upon mixing with a small amount of Au-loaded TiO2 (Au@P25) due to electron transfer from the excited HTO to Au@P25 at the particle interfaces. Equal amounts of Au@P25 and HTO/Au@P25 showed similar activities, despite the fact that the latter contained considerably less Au.
The Costs and Beliefs Implied by Direct Stock Ownership
Authors: Barth Daniel 
Published: August 2017

This paper develops and estimates an economic model of the costs and beliefs required to rationalize household direct stock ownership. In the model, investors believe they can learn information about individual stock returns through costly research. The model identifies the distributions of both research costs and beliefs about the predictability of individual stock returns. Identification depends only on households’ wealth and portfolio choices. The model also provides a novel explanation for many empirical features of household portfolios. Parameter estimates suggest that most households have modest beliefs about the benefits of individual stock research, although a minority must expect extraordinary returns. Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2791 . This paper was accepted by Neng Wang, finance.
Dispute Resolution or Escalation? The Strategic Gaming of Feedback Withdrawal Options in Online Markets
Authors: Bolton Gary , Greiner Ben , Ockenfels Axel 
Published: August 2017

Many online markets encourage traders to make good after an unsatisfactory transaction by offering the opportunity to withdraw negative reputational feedback in a dispute resolution phase. Motivated by field evidence and guided by theoretical considerations, we use laboratory markets with two-sided moral hazard to show that this option, contrary to the intended purpose, produces an escalation of dispute. The mutual feedback withdrawal option creates an incentive to leave negative feedback, independent of the opponent’s behavior, to improve one’s bargaining position in the dispute resolution phase. This leads to distorted reputation information and less trust and trustworthiness in the trading phase. Buyers who refuse to give feedback strategically, even when it comes at a personal cost, mitigate the detrimental impact. It is also mitigated in markets with one-sided moral hazard and a unilateral feedback withdrawal option. The supplementary appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2802 . This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
The Foreign Investor Bias and Its Linguistic Origins
Authors: Lundholm Russell , Rahman Nafis , Rogo Rafael 
Published: August 2017

We study how misaligned language between the investor and the firm contributes to the underweighting of foreign securities in an international portfolio. In particular, we document a significant U.S. institutional investor bias against firms located in Quebec relative to firms located in the rest of Canada (ROC). The differential bias is surprising given that (i) Quebec and the other Canadian provinces share the same nationality, federal law, stock exchange, and accounting standards; (ii) their regulatory filings are prepared in English and French; and (iii) U.S. institutional investors are sophisticated and located close to Quebec and the ROC. We also examine Quebec firms with different levels of French versus English online presences as well as those with CEOs who have U.S. work experience or board members or financial analysts who reside in the United States. We find that each factor affects the relative underweighting of investment in Quebec versus the ROC. Finally, we contrast the holdings of institutional investors located in the United Kingdom and France to bolster our conclusion that incongruent languages contribute to the underweighting of Quebec firms relative to firms in the ROC. This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.
The Effects of Hedge Fund Interventions on Strategic Firm Behavior
Authors: Khurana Inder K. , Li Yinghua , Wang Wei 
Published: August 2017

We examine the impact of hedge fund interventions on target firms’ strategic behavior, specifically their voluntary disclosure and earnings management strategies. We find a decrease in both the likelihood and the frequency of management earnings forecasts conveying bad news and an increase in the level of real earnings management following interventions by hedge fund activists. Additional evidence suggests that managers substitute between voluntary disclosure and earnings management strategies in resisting hedge fund attacks. We also find that withholding of bad news is more pronounced when hedge fund activists pose greater threats to the target firm’s management and when the intervention lasts for a relatively short time period. Our results are consistent with firms behaving strategically in response to heightened career/reputation concerns and endangered corporate control arising from hedge fund activism. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2816 . This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.
The Delivery Dispatching Problem with Time Windows for Urban Consolidation Centers
Authors: van Heeswijk W. J. A. , Mes M. R. K. , Schutten J. M. J. 
Published: August 2017

This paper addresses the dispatching problem faced by an urban consolidation center. The center receives orders according to a stochastic arrival process and dispatches them in batches for the last-mile distribution. The operator of the center aims to find the cost-minimizing consolidation policy, depending on the orders at hand, preannounced orders, and stochastic arrivals. We present this problem as a variant of the delivery dispatching problem that includes dispatch windows and define a corresponding Markov decision model. Larger instances of the problem suffer from intractably large state-, outcome-, and action spaces. We propose an approximate dynamic programming (ADP) algorithm that can handle such instances, using a linear value function approximation to estimate the downstream costs. To design the value function approximation, we construct various sets of basis functions, numerically evaluate their suitability, and discuss the properties of good basis functions for the dispatching problem. Numerical experiments on toy-sized instances show that the best set of basis functions approximates the optimal values with an error of less than 3%. To cope with large action spaces, we formulate an integer linear program to be used within our ADP algorithm. We evaluate the performance of ADP policies against four benchmark policies: two heuristic policies, a direct cost minimization policy, and a post-decision rollout policy. We test the performance of ADP on a variety of networks. ADP consistently outperforms the benchmark policies, performing particularly well when there is sufficient flexibility in dispatch times. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2017.0773 .
Longitudinal Correlates of Maternal Depression Among Mothers of Children With or Without Intellectual Disability
Authors: Zeedyk Sasha M. , Blacher Jan 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
This study identified trajectories of depressive symptoms among mothers of children with or without intellectual disability longitudinally across eight time points. Results of fitting a linear growth model to the data from child ages 3–9 indicated that child behavior problems, negative financial impact, and low dispositional optimism all significantly related to initial maternal depressive symptoms. Child behavior problems were significantly associated with changes in depressive symptoms over time, relating above and beyond child disability status. When looking from late childhood into early adolescence, hierarchical linear regression analysis revealed that maternal depressive symptoms at child age 9 and perceived financial impact significantly related to maternal depressive symptoms at child age 13. Implications for practice and future research directions are discussed.
Narrative Language and Reading Comprehension in Students With Mild Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Barton-Hulsey Andrea , Sevcik Rose A. , Romski MaryAnn 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Past research shows positive correlations between oral narrative skill and reading comprehension in typically developing students. This study examined the relationship between reading comprehension and narrative language ability of 102 elementary students with mild levels of intellectual disability. Results describe the students' narrative language microstructure and relative strengths and weaknesses in narrative macrostructure. Students' narrative macrostructure accounted for significant variance in reading comprehension beyond what was accounted for by narrative microstructure (i.e., mean length of utterance in morphemes, number of different words, total utterances). This study provides considerations for measuring narrative quality when characterizing the functional language skills of students with mild levels of intellectual disability. Measurement tools that quantify the quality of language provide important information regarding targets of intervention beyond grammar and vocabulary.
Feasibility and Reliability of Tests Measuring Health-Related Physical Fitness in Children With Moderate to Severe Levels of Intellectual Disability
Authors: Wouters Marieke , van der Zanden Anna M. , Evenhuis Heleen M. , Hilgenkamp Thessa I. M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPhysical fitness is an important marker for health. In this study we investigated the feasibility and reliability of health-related physical fitness tests in children with moderate to severe levels of intellectual disability. Thirty-nine children (2–18 yrs) performed tests for muscular strength and endurance, the modified 6-minute walk test (6mwt) for cardiorespiratory fitness, and body composition tests, and 30–97% of the tests were successfully completed. Short-term test-retest reliability of all tests was good (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient [ICC] &gt; .8), long-term test-retest reliability was good for most tests (ICC &gt; .7), but low ICCs were found for most strength tests. Measuring body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness is feasible and reliable. Measuring muscle endurance is fairly feasible and reliable.
PAUTAS PARA LA GESTIÓN INTEGRADA DE LOS RECURSOS HÍDRICOS EN LOS BAJOS SUBMERIDIONALES (ARGENTINA)
Authors: PARIS M. , MARANO R. P. 
Published: August 2017

La cuenca hidrográfi ca es una unidad territorial compleja tanto por sus características naturales, como por las particularidades de la sociedad. Dado que ésta es una “unidad territorial”, entonces los problemas que surjan de la gestión de los recursos hídricos serán de toda la cuenca.En el ámbito de Santa Fe está contemplado un Plan de Manejo Integral de los Bajos Submeridionales. Algunas acciones fueron llevadas a cabo en este marco, pero no hay una Agenda del Agua que sea reconocida por todos los sectores. Lograr una gestión sostenible del agua es másque conocer el territorio y/o defi nir un plan para alcanzar los objetivos propuestos. La gestión será sostenible si se promueve la participación activa de los sujetos, no solo durante la formulación del plan sino también durante su ejecución y control. Este artículo propone un instrumentopara desarrollar la gestión integrada del agua, a partir de los avances y antecedentes en la región.