bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tongue‐out versus tongue‐in position during intensity‐modulated radiotherapy for base of tongue cancer: Clinical implications for minimizing post‐radiotherapy swallowing dysfunction
Authors: Kil Whoon Jong , Kulasekere Christina , Hatch Craig , Bugno Jacob , Derrwaldt Ronald 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to assess whether different tongue positions change the radiation doses to swallowing organs at risks: the pharyngeal constrictor, oral cavity, and larynx during intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for base of tongue (BOT) cancer.MethodsIMRT plans with Tongue‐out (IMRT‐TO) and tongue‐in position (IMRT‐TI) was compared in 3 cases.ResultsDistance from BOT to pharyngeal constrictor was increased to 1.8 ± 0.8 cm with IMRT‐TO from 0.9 ± 0.6 cm with IMRT‐TI (P < .01). Compared to IMRT‐TI, IMRT‐TO significantly decreased the radiation dose to the anterior oral cavity, oral tongue, superior pharyngeal constrictor, middle pharyngeal constrictor, and supraglottic larynx (all P ≤ .04). IMRT‐TO also had a smaller volume irradiated than IMRT‐TI to the anterior oral cavity and the oral tongue receiving ≥30 Gy (V30) and V35, and superior pharyngeal constrictor and middle pharyngeal constrictor for V55 and V65 (all P ≤ .04).ConclusionDosimetric advantage with IMRT‐TO over IMRT‐TI may potentially reduce post‐IMRT swallowing dysfunction in selected patients with BOT cancer.
Effects of discharge, wind, and tide on sedimentation in a recently restored tidal freshwater wetland
Authors: Verschelling Eelco , van der Deijl Eveline , van der Perk Marcel , Sloff Kees , Middelkoop Hans 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSediment deposition is one of the key mechanisms to counteract the impact of sea level rise in tidal freshwater wetlands (TFWs). However, information about sediment deposition rates in TFWs is limited, especially for those located in the transition zone between the fluvially dominated and tidally dominated sections of a river delta where sedimentation rates are affected by the combined impact of river discharge, wind, and tides. Using a combined hydrodynamic–morphological model, we examined how hydrometeorological boundary conditions control sedimentation rates and patterns in a TFW located in the Rhine–Meuse estuary in the Netherlands. The modelling results show that net sedimentation rate increases with the magnitude of the river discharge, whereas stronger wind increasingly prevents sedimentation. Sediment trapping efficiency decreases for both increasing river discharge and wind magnitude. The impact of wind storms on the trapping efficiency becomes smaller for higher water discharge. The spatial sedimentation patterns are affected by all controls. Our study illustrates the importance of evaluating both the separate and the joint impact of discharge, wind, and tides when estimating sedimentation rates in a TFW affected by these controls. Such insights are relevant to design measures to reactivate the sedimentation process in these areas.
Determination of antioxidant potential ofAcacia niloticaleaf extract in oxidative stress response system ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Subhaswaraj Pattnaik , Sowmya Mani , Jobina Rajkumari , Sudharshan SJ , Dyavaiah Madhu , Siddhardha Busi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDFrom ancient times, plants and plant‐derived products have been used as folkloric medicines for a variety of health disorders owing to their tremendous therapeutic potential. The present study aimed to determine the antioxidant efficacy of crudeAcacia niloticaextract in the oxidative stress response system ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeas a model organism.RESULTSAcacia niloticashowed significant antioxidant activity, withIC50values of 75.157 and 159.57 µgmL−1for 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities respectively at a concentration of 500 µgmL−1. The total antioxidant activity ofA. niloticashowed an ascorbic acid equivalent of 152.79 ± 7.43 µgmL−1. The presence of phytoconstituents such as phytol andα‐tocopherol from gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the potential ofA. niloticaas an antioxidant. The results were validated using the stress response mechanism inS. cerevisiaewild type and its isogenic deletion strainssod1Δ andtsa1Δ.Acacia niloticasubstantially neutralized reactive oxygen species generated by hydrogen peroxide in mutant strains, as evident from spot assay and fluorescence assay using fluorescence microscopy and intensity studies.CONCLUSIONThe results suggested the efficacy ofA. niloticaas a potent antioxidant in theS. cerevisiaesystem for the first time and its use in neutraceuticals/therapeutics. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Down‐regulated miRs specifically correlate with non‐cardial gastric cancers and Lauren's classification system
Authors: Lorenzon Laura , Cippitelli Claudia , Avantifiori Riccardo , Uccini Stefania , French Deborah , Torrisi Maria Rosaria , Ranieri Danilo , Mercantini Paolo , Canu Valeria , Blandino Giovanni , Cavallini Marco 
Published: May 2017

Background and ObjectivesGastric cancers are usually characterized using Lauren's classification into intestinal and diffuse types. We previously documented the down‐modulation of miR31, miR148a, miR204, and miR375 in gastric cancers. We aimed this manuscript to investigate these miRs with the end‐points of diagnosis, Lauren's classification and prognosis.MethodsA total of 117 resected non‐cardial adenocarcinomas were evaluated for miRs' expressions. The performance of miRs’ expressions for cancer diagnosis was tested using ROC curves. Logistic regression was conducted with the end‐point of Lauren's classification. Kaplan‐Meier and Cox analyses were performed for OS, DFS, and DSS. miRs’ targets were reviewed using PRISMA method and BCL‐2 was further investigated in cell lines.ResultsROC curves documented that miRs’ down‐modulation was significant in differentiating cancer versus normal tissues. Diffuse type cancers were associated with female sex, young age, and miR375 higher expression. We confirmed BCL‐2 as a miR204 target. However, survival analyses confirmed the pathologic criteria (advanced stages, LNR, and low LNH) as the significant variables correlated to worse prognosis.ConclusionsThe down‐modulation of miR31, miR148a, miR204, and miR375 is significantly associated with non‐cardial gastric cancers and miR375 is specifically linked to Lauren's classification. Nevertheless, standard pathological features display as the independent variables associated with worse prognosis.
Management of Depression in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Starkstein Sergio E. , Brockman Simone 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundDepression is a frequent psychiatric condition in Parkinson's disease (PD). The treatment of depression has been examined in several randomized controlled trials and meta‐analyses, but no clear guidelines are available.MethodsWe carried out a systematic review of pharmacological and non‐pharmacological treatments for depression in patients with PD using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. We searched main medical databases up to December 12, 2016, and included randomized controlled trials, patient‐control studies, and case series with data on treatment modality, outcome measures, and side effects.ResultsSelective serotonergic reuptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants may have efficacy for the treatment of depression in patients with PD, although the evidence is not strong. The antidepressant efficacy of dopamine agonists is still controversial, and initial results were positive for pramipexole but not for rotigotine. Cognitive‐behavioral therapy showed promising results in two recent randomized controlled trials, but further evidence is required. Studies using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation produced conflicting results, and the efficacy results for this treatment have been inconsistent. On the other hand, electroconclusive therapy produced strong positive results in patients with severe depression, but no randomized controlled trials are available.ConclusionSelective serotonergic reuptake inhibitors and cognitive‐behavioral therapy are currently first‐line treatments for depression in patients with PD, although the evidence is still weak. The heterogeneity among contributory factors for depression in PD should be considered for the most effective treatment of depression in this condition.
Amide proton transfer CEST of the cervical spinal cord in multiple sclerosis patients at 3T
Authors: By Samantha , Barry Robert L. , Smith Alex K. , Lyttle Bailey D. , Box Bailey A. , Bagnato Francesca R. , Pawate Siddharama , Smith Seth A. 
Published: May 2017

PurposeThe ability to evaluate pathological changes in the spinal cord in multiple sclerosis (MS) is limited because T1‐ and T2‐w MRI imaging are not sensitive to biochemical changes in vivo. Amide proton transfer (APT) chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) can indirectly detect amide protons associated with proteins and peptides, potentially providing more pathological specificity. Here, we implement APT CEST in the cervical spinal cord of healthy and MS cohorts at 3T.MethodsAPT CEST of the cervical spinal cord was obtained in a cohort of 10 controls and 10 MS patients using a novel respiratory correction methodology. APT was quantified using two methods: 1) APTw, based off the conventional magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry, and 2) ΔAPT, a spatial characterization of APT changes in MS patients relative to the controls.ResultsRespiratory correction yielded highly reproducible z‐spectra in white matter (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.82). APTw signals in normal‐appearing white matter (NAWM) of MS patients were significantly different from healthy controls (P = 0.04), whereas ΔAPT of MS patients highlighted large APT differences in NAWM.ConclusionRespiration correction in the spinal cord is necessary to accurately quantify APT CEST, which can provide unique biochemical information regarding disease processes within the spinal cord. Magn Reson Med 79:806–814, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Controlled co‐solvent vapor annealing and the importance of quenching conditions in thin‐film block copolymer self‐assembly
Authors: Stahl Brian C. , Kramer Edward J. , Hawker Craig J. , Lynd Nathaniel A. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTA controlled co‐solvent vapor annealing system was designed and constructed to investigate the effects of solvent vapor activity during the rapid ambient quenching process on the morphology of a cylinder‐forming poly(styrene)‐b‐poly (ethylene oxide) (PS‐PEO) annealed in toluene and water vapor. A phase transformation from cylinders in the bulk to close‐packed spheres in swollen thin films occurred, which was reversed upon quenching with dry nitrogen. Quenching with humidified nitrogen preserved the spherical morphology but could significantly alter domain spacing and reduce long‐range order in the dried films under some circumstances. Specifically, long‐range order in the quenched films was found to decrease as the quenching humidity decreased from the humidity used during annealing, and the best long‐range order was obtained when the humidity remained consistent throughout both annealing and quenching. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 1125–1130
Performance analysis of open‐source distributed file systems for practical large‐scale molecular ab initio, density functional theory, and GW + BSE calculations
Authors: Roch Loïc M. , Aleksiev Tyanko , Murri Riccardo , Baldridge Kim K. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractApplication of conventional post‐Hartree–Fock theory, density functional theory, and GW + BSE theory, on chemical and biological problems of growing molecular scale, has created a need for innovative designs in high‐performance computing infrastructures and associated middleware technologies. The growing trend toward petascale computing creates an enormous demand for highly efficient storage solutions. Notably, in reaching limitations of the scale‐up model, technological progress, and continual growth in demand has evolved into solutions that alternatively scale‐out. This investigation involves an analysis of commonly used open source storage solutions for high demand ab initio calculations. Comparisons are shown for the most competitive solutions for a broad range of workloads, following disk usage of key ab initio algorithms in the widely used open source electronic structure theory software, GAMESS. Assessment is based on results of read/write speeds and ratios, scaling ability, and impact of block‐size on overall performance of the distributed storage. GlusterFS is shown to generally outperform CEPH and local disk file systems, providing the most reasonable alternative to local storage, and is therefore recommended for large‐scale molecular calculations.
Stability of finite subspaces in density functional theory: Application to simple atoms
Authors: Torres F. J. , Ludeña E. V. , Carrillo Y. , Rincón L. , Iza P. , Zambrano D. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe examine the validity of the first Hohenberg‐Kohn theorem, namely, the one‐to‐one relationship between an external potential and the 1‐particle density, when it is applied to finite subspaces and consider the stability of these subspaces with respect to external potentials. This is done by analysing the DFT description of some simple atoms (eg, H, He, Li, and Be) provided by the solution of the Kohn‐Sham equation in a finite Gaussian basis set. We show that in the finite subspace generated from the finite basis set, it is possible to construct external potentials that differ from one another by more than a constant but which associate with the same 1‐particle density. We carry out the specific construction of these potentials for the above atoms using the wave functions resulting from the application of the B3LYP functional. We comment on the fact that these instability potentials seem to be prominent only in the outer region of the atom where the density tends to zero. We also discuss the implications that the instability potentials have in relation to the Kohn‐Sham formalism and equations.
Command governor for constrained switched systems with scheduled model transition dwell times
Authors: Franzè Giuseppe , Lucia Walter , Tedesco Francesco 
Published: May 2017

SummaryIn this paper, a switched control architecture for constrained control systems is presented. The strategy is based on command governor ideas that are here specialized to ‘optimally’ schedule switching events on the plant dynamics for improving control performance at the expense of low computational burdens. The significance of the method mainly lies in its capability to avoid constraints violation and loss of stability regardless of any configuration change occurrence in the plant/constraint structure. To this end, the concept of model transition dwell time is used within the proposed control framework to formally define the minimum time necessary to enable a switching event under guaranteed conditions on the overall stability and constraint fulfilment. Simulation results on a simple linear system and on a Cessna 182 aircraft model show the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impacts of SiC Carrier and Nickel Precursor of NiLa/support Catalysts for CO2 Selective Hydrogenation to Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG)
Authors: Li Le , Zheng Jian , Liu Yuefeng , Wang Wei , Huang Qingsong , Chu Wei 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe porous silicon carbide (β‐SiC) carrier supported nickel‐lanthanum based catalysts (NiLa/SiC) were synthesized via incipient‐wetness impregnation by using two types of nickel salts as the precursor, for the selective hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO2+4H2→CH4+2H2O). The alumina supported catalysts were also prepared and tested for comparison. The samples were characterized using TEM, TPR, XRD, SEM, TG‐DTG techniques. Compared to the Al2O3 supported catalysts, the SiC supported catalysts were more resistant to sintering and carbon deposition due to the high thermal conductivity of SiC support. The relative weak metal‐support interaction on Ni nanoparticles supported on SiC carrier resulted in the easy reduction of active species during the activation process. Meanwhile, the performances of the catalysts prepared from nickel acetate were better than those of using nickel nitrate, while enhanced nickel dispersion and better reducibility of the catalyst from nickel acetate werr evidenced by TEM, TPR and XRD results. Catalytic performances exhibited that Ni−Ac‐La/SiC catalyst possessed the higher activity with 89.4 % conversion of CO2 and almost 100 % selectivity to methane with slight deactivation after 3000 min test under reaction conditions.
One–pot Selective Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydro‐4H‐Furo[3,2‐c]coumarins by Palladium‐Catalyzed Silver‐Assisted Propargylation/Intramolecular 5‐exo–dig Cyclization
Authors: Uchiyama Chihiro , Miyadera Yukari , Hayashi Yoshio , Yakushiji Fumika 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA new catalytic system using bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) dichloride and Ag2CO3 was developed for the one‐pot selective synthesis of dihydrofuro[3,2‐c]coumarin 3 from 4‐hydroxycoumarin (1) and propargylic carbonate 2 under the mild condition. Our catalytic system afforded distinct regioselectivity compared to reported methodologies using palladium catalysts, 2 and active methylene compounds. In addition, furo[3,2‐c]coumarin 4 was derived from 3 with Et3N. The proposed reaction mechanism involved 4‐hydroxycoumarin (1) reacting with the η1–(propargyl)palladium complex to generate a terminal alkyne, and subsequent intramolecular 5‐exo‐dig cyclization selectively synthesized 3 in one‐pot. The newly developed methodology is beneficial in the construction of a novel compound library related to furocoumarins with distinct regioselective preference.
Wind effects on Shenzhen Zhuoyue Century Center: Field measurement and wind tunnel test
Authors: Pan Haoran , Xie Zhuangning , Xu An , Zhang Li 
Published: May 2017

SummaryField measurements of wind effects on Zhuoyue Century Center were conducted during 4 typhoon events in the recent 5 years, during which the field data such as wind speeds, wind directions, and acceleration responses were simultaneously and continuously measured. On the basis of field measured data, dynamic characteristics of this super‐tall building were determined by recently developed fast Bayesian fast Fourier transform method. Using full‐scale measurement data under 4 typhoons and breezy conditions for modal identification, one could observe a relatively wide scatter in the identified modal damping ratios, and the damping ratios do not appear to have an obvious nonlinear relationship with vibration amplitude. The average damping ratios of the first 2 modes were 0.70% and 0.73%, respectively. Serviceability of the super‐tall building under wind action was analyzed on the basis of the field measured response. Finally, the measured wind‐induced acceleration responses were further compared with those obtained from the wind tunnel test to evaluate the accuracy of the model test results.
Movements and source–sink dynamics of a Masai giraffe metapopulation
Authors: Lee Derek E. , Bolger Douglas T. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSpatial variation in habitat quality and anthropogenic factors, as well as social structure, can lead to spatially structured populations of animals. Demographic approaches can be used to improve our understanding of the dynamics of spatially structured populations and help identify subpopulations critical for the long‐term persistence of regional metapopulations. We provide a regional metapopulation analysis to inform conservation management for Masai giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis tippelskirchi) in five subpopulations defined by land management designations. We used data from an individual‐based mark–recapture study to estimate subpopulation sizes, subpopulation growth rates, and movement probabilities among subpopulations. We assessed the source–sink structure of the study population by calculating source–sink statistics, and we created a female‐based matrix metapopulation model composed of all subpopulations to examine how variation in demographic components of survival, reproduction, and movement affected metapopulation growth rate. Movement data indicated no subpopulation was completely isolated, but movement probabilities varied among subpopulations. Source–sink statistics and net flow of individuals indicated three subpopulations were sources, while two subpopulations were sinks. We found areas with higher wildlife protection efforts and fewer anthropogenic impacts were sources, and less‐protected areas were identified as sinks. Our results highlight the importance of identifying source–sink dynamics among subpopulations for effective conservation planning and emphasize how protected areas can play an important role in sustaining metapopulations.
The linguistic integration of Japanese ideophones and its typological implications
Authors: Akita Kimi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis article proposes that two linguistic systems (that is, two languages or registers) with different degrees of morphosyntactic integration of ideophones may apply the same restrictions on ideophones in different ways. In Study 1, the author shows quantitatively that the sentence-type restrictions reported for ideophones in several languages also constrain Japanese ideophones, but to a lesser extent. In Study 2, the author argues that two previously identified restrictions on Japanese ideophonic verbs appear to apply only partially to ideophonic verbs in baby talk and highly playful discourse. It is concluded that the strength of these restrictions is negatively correlated with the overall degree of morphosyntactic integration of ideophones in the language or register.
L-syntax and phono-symbolism: on the status of ideophones in complexpredicates
Authors: Franco Ludovico 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this article, the author demonstrates that verbal compound constructions involving an ideophone and a light verb represent a widespread syntactic device in the world's languages. The author provides evidence that phono-symbolic morphemes cannot be treated as ‘bare’ direct objects in such constructions. Ideophones appearing in the light verb-adjacent position form a semantic unit with the verbal predicate, despite the fact that in some languages they can besyntacticizedas (bare) nouns and appear in argumental position. Specifically, ideophones in complex predicates are part of the verbal domain with which they ‘blend’ (yielding a single predicate) through the mechanism of conflation, along the lines of Hale and Keyser (1993, 2002), and building on Ramchand (2008).