bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved Prediction of the Pathologic Stage of Patient With Prostate Cancer Using the CART–PSO Optimization Analysis in the Korean Population
Authors: Kim Jae Kwon , Rho Mi Jung , Lee Jong Sik , Park Yong Hyun , Lee Ji Youl , Choi In Young 
Published: December 2017

Objective: In current practice, medical experts use the pathological stage predictions provided in the Partin tables to support their decisions. Hence, the Partin tables are based on logistic regression built from the US data. In the present study, we developed a data-mining model to predict the pathologic stage of prostate cancer. In this newly developed model, using the classification and regression tree-particle swarm optimization analysis of the Korean population data, we aim to improve the prediction accuracy of the pathologic state of prostate cancer. Method: A total of 467 patients from the smart prostate cancer database were evaluated. The results were intended to predict the pathologic stage of prostate cancer: organ-confined disease and non–organ-confined disease. The accuracy of 4 classification and regression tree-particle swarm optimization models was compared; furthermore, the models were validated with the Partin tables using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: Among the 467 evaluated patients, 235 patients had organ-confined disease and 232 patients had non–organ-confined disease. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the proposed classification and regression tree-particle swarm optimization model (0.858 ± 0.034) was larger than the 1 in the Partin tables (0.666 ± 0.046). Conclusion: The proposed classification and regression tree-particle swarm optimization model was superior to the Partin tables in terms of predicting the risk of prostate cancer. Compared to the validation of the Partin tables for the Korean population, the classification and regression tree-particle swarm optimization model resulted in a larger receiver operating characteristic curve and a more accurate prediction of the pathologic stage of prostate cancer in the Korean population.
The impact of autism spectrum disorder symptoms on gesture use in fragile X syndrome and Down syndrome
Authors: Lorang Emily , Sterling Audra ,   the Expressive Language Consortium
Published: December 2017

Background & aims This study compared gesture rate and purpose in participants with Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome, and the impact of autism spectrum disorder symptoms on each syndrome. Methods Twenty individuals with fragile X syndrome and 20 individuals with Down syndrome between nine and 22 years of age participated in this study. We coded gesture rate and purpose from an autism spectrum disorder evaluation, the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule – Second Edition. Results We did not find between-group differences (Down syndrome compared to fragile X syndrome) in gesture rate or purpose. Notably, as autism spectrum disorder symptoms increased, the group with Down syndrome produced a lower rate of gestures, but used gestures for the same purpose. Gesture rate did not change based on autism spectrum disorder symptoms in the participants with fragile X syndrome, but as autism spectrum disorder symptoms increased, the participants with fragile X syndrome produced a larger proportion of gestures to regulate behavior and a smaller proportion for joint attention/social interaction. Conclusions Overall, the amount or purpose of gestures did not differentiate individuals with Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome. However, the presence of autism spectrum disorder symptoms had a significant and unique impact on these genetic disorders. In individuals with Down syndrome, the presence of more autism spectrum disorder symptoms resulted in a reduction in the rate of gesturing, but did not change the purpose. However, in fragile X syndrome, the rate of gestures remained the same, but the purpose of those gestures changed based on autism spectrum disorder symptoms. Implications Autism spectrum disorder symptoms differentially impact gestures in Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome. Individuals with Down syndrome and more autism spectrum disorder symptoms are using gestures less frequently. Therefore, clinicians may need to consider children with Down syndrome demonstrating symptoms of autism spectrum disorder as distinctly different from children with Down syndrome and few to no symptoms of autism spectrum disorder when implementing interventions or therapy techniques. Severity of autism spectrum disorder symptoms in fragile X syndrome affects qualitative gesture use and motivation to communicate through social gestures, which may be an appropriate goal to target in children with fragile X syndrome and heightened autism spectrum disorder symptoms.
Purkinje Cell Protein 4 Expression Is Associated With DNA Methylation Status in Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma
Authors: Kobuke Kazuhiro , Oki Kenji , Gomez-Sanchez Celso E , Ohno Haruya , Itcho Kiyotaka , Yoshii Yoko , Yoneda Masayasu , Hattori Noboru 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Context
Aldosterone production is stimulated by activation of calcium signaling in aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs), and epigenetic factors such as DNA methylation may be associated with the expression of genes involved in aldosterone regulation.

Objective
Our aim was to investigate the DNA methylation of genes related to calcium signaling cascades in APAs and the association of mutations in genes linked to APAs with DNA methylation levels.

Methods
Nonfunctioning adrenocortical adenoma (n = 12) and APA (n = 35) samples were analyzed. The KCNJ5 T158A mutation was introduced into human adrenocortical cell lines (HAC15 cells) using lentiviral delivery. DNA methylation array analysis was conducted using adrenal tumor samples and HAC15 cells.

Results
The Purkinje cell protein 4 (PCP4) gene was one of the most hypomethylated in APAs. DNA methylation levels in two sites of PCP4 showed a significant inverse correlation with messenger RNA expression in adrenal tumors. Bioinformatics and multiple regression analysis revealed that CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (CEBPA) may bind to the methylation site of the PCP4 promoter. According to chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, CEBPA was bound to the PCP4 hypomethylated region by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. There were no significant differences in PCP4 methylation levels among APA genotypes. Moreover, KCNJ5 T158A did not influence PCP4 methylation levels in HAC15 cells.

Conclusions
We showed that the PCP4 promoter was one of the most hypomethylated in APAs and that PCP4 transcription may be associated with demethylation as well as with CEBPA in APAs. KCNJ5 mutations known to result in aldosterone overproduction were not related to PCP4 methylation in either clinical or in vitro studies.
Gold Nanocups Fabricated Using Two-Dimensional Colloidal Crystals and Simulation of Their Optical Trapping Force
Authors: Agawa Hiroaki , Okamoto Takayuki , Isobe Toshihiro , Nakajima Akira , Matsushita Sachiko 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Optical tweezers are powerful and flexible tools for manipulating micrometre-sized objects. Recently, metal nanostructures are gathering attention to trap nanometre-sized objects to utilize their plasmonic properties. Here, we discuss the preparation of gold nanocups (250-nm diameter) and their plasmonic properties for optical trapping. Gold was sputtered on a two-dimensional colloidal crystal (2DCC) and then de-coupled from the 2DCC via hydrofluoric acid etching, which resulted in a uniform gold nanocup array that was encapsulated in a flexible polymer resin. These nanocups in a resin can be transferred onto a variety of substrates. The optical trapping properties of gold nanocups are also discussed.
THE LEGACY OF THE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY/NETWORK PROCESS
Authors: Vargas Luis G 
Published: December 2017

There is no doubt that the Analytic Hierarchy Process is in itself a remarkable contribution to the field of decision making. In this paper, I have tried to point out what I consider to be Tom Saaty’s three most important contributions within his Analytic Hierarchy Process: group decision making, conflict resolution and the fundamental equation of pairwise comparisons. The third contribution occupied him most of his life in an attempt to connect pairwise comparisons with brain activity related to cognitive processes. https://doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v9i3.541
Curating and the End of the Professions
Authors: McTavish Lianne 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The terms ‘curate’, ‘curating’ and ‘curation’ are used broadly in contemporary culture, associated with such activities as blogging and cooking, with an apparent disregard for the education and training of professional curators. This article argues, however, that ubiquitous references to curating do not simply appropriate the identity of the ‘real’ curator, but can be more fully understood in relation to the changing conceptions of work described by economists and legal scholars. In this light, re-articulations of curating attempt to negotiate both the declining status of the professions and the increasingly uncertain nature of employment.
Inside the Yellow Box: Cultural Exceptionalism and the Ideology of the Gallery Space
Authors: Gladston Paul , Howarth-Gladston Lynne 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The ‘yellow box’ was developed during the early 2000s by the Hong Kong-based gallerist Chang Tsong-zung (Johnson Chang) – working in collaboration with others, including the academic, curator and critic Gao Shiming – as a critical alternative to the now internationally dominant mode of gallery display known as the ‘white cube’. The yellow box encompasses a range of enacted and proposed modes of display purportedly conducive to the public showing of artworks produced using ideas and techniques associated historically in China with neo-Confucian ‘literati’ ink-andbrush painting and calligraphy. This article begins with a discussion of the yellow box and how it can be understood to intervene critically in the curatorial paradigm of the white cube. It will then go on to present a critical appraisal of neo-Confucian literati culture and its relationship to the yellow box. It will be argued that while the yellow box is open to interpretation as a productive resistance to the international dominance of the white cube, its connection to a historically exclusory aristocraticpatriarchal neo-Confucianism remains highly problematic with regard to progressive cultural politics in the contemporary public sphere.
Mind the Gap: Distinguishing Between the Perception and Intention of Curatorial Education
Authors: Markopoulos Leigh 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
As the number of curatorial degree programmes has increased over the past thirty years, so too has the criticism about their methodology, pedagogy and overall worthiness. This article examines those critiques and exposes a variety of misconceptions voiced in the arguments made by the detractors of curatorial education. Drawing from experience in chairing a graduate programme, developing curricula, and mentoring students at the California College of the Arts, this article elucidates the practical, conceptual and relational aspects involved in teaching curating. In the contemporary context, the distrust of curatorial education is misplaced; rather than ‘flattening’ the profession of curating, the diverse and self-reflexive approach of curatorial programmes seek to provide students with a period of experimentation and discussion about the craft, history and methods of curating.
Edging Disciplines
Authors: Martinon Jean-Paul 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
For the past eighteen years, I have taught the practice, history, theory and ethics of curating. Throughout this time, one of the most recurrent themes has been the impossibility of ascribing a limit to curating. Where does it end and where does it begin? In order to teach curating, that is, in order to provide some kinds of limits to it, I had to borrow from many disciplines: art, philosophy, anthropology, psychology, history, political science, cultural studies, etc. In each case, I looked for what seemed pertinent to the task of framing curating within somewhat permeable boundaries. Now that the activity of curating extends to a wide range of practices not always related to either the visual or to culture, how am I to continue this teaching? This article provides both a personal trajectory and an analysis of this edging of disciplines at stake in curatorial studies.
EFECTO DE LA COBERTURA DE SUELO CON ACOLCHADOS PLÁSTICOS SOBRE EL COMPORTAMIENTO DEL CULTIVO DE ALCAUCIL (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.)
Authors: MONDINO M. C. , BALABAN D. , CAVALIERI O. , GARCIA S. M. 
Published: December 2017

Se evaluó el efecto de los polietilenos negros y bicapa sobre el comportamiento del cultivo de alcaucil en la zona de Rosario. Se utilizó el híbrido Madrigal y se evaluaron las variables Número de capítulos por planta, Peso de primer capítulo, Peso promedio de capítulos secundarios, Rendimiento total y por planta, Diámetro de primer capítulo y promedio de secundarios y Días a cosecha. No se encontraron diferencias signifi cativas entre los tratamientos. Ninguno de los acolchados demostró adelanto en la producción. El uso de coberturas plásticas en épocas de altas temperaturas en la zona evaluada, se recomienda utilizar no con el objetivo de obtener primicias sino para facilitar el control de malezas y dado que la cobertura con plástico negro genera desventajas, en el caso de ser necesaria por alta presencia de malezas, sería recomendable la utilización de polietileno bicapa.
Macroeconomic costs of gender gaps in a model with entrepreneurship and household production
Authors: Cuberes David , Teignier Marc 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis paper examines the quantitative effects of gender gaps in entrepreneurship and workforce participation in an occupational choice model with a household sector and endogenous female labor supply. Gender gaps in workforce participation have a direct negative effect on market, while gender gaps in entrepreneurship affect negatively market output not only by reducing wages and labor force participation but also by reducing the average talent of entrepreneurs and aggregate productivity. We estimate the effects of these gender gaps for 37 European countries, as well as the United States, and find that gender gaps cause an average loss of 17.5% in market output and 13.2% in total output, which also includes household output. Interestingly, the total output loss would be similar (12%) in a model without household sector, since the market output loss is larger when the female labor supply is endogenous. Eastern Europe is the region with the lowest income fall due to gender gaps, while Southern Europe is the region with the largest fall. Northern Europe is the region with the largest productivity fall, which is due to the presence of high gender gaps in entrepreneurship.
Developmental Emergence of Phenotypes in the Auditory Brainstem Nuclei ofFmr1Knockout Mice
Authors: Rotschafer Sarah E. , Cramer Karina S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common monogenic cause of autism, is often associated with hypersensitivity to sound. Several studies have shown abnormalities in the auditory brainstem in FXS; however, the emergence of these auditory phenotypes during development has not been described. Here, we investigated the development of phenotypes in FXS model [Fmr1knockout (KO)] mice in the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN), medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB), and lateral superior olive (LSO). We studied features of the brainstem known to be altered in FXS orFmr1KO mice, including cell size and expression of markers for excitatory (VGLUT) and inhibitory (VGAT) synapses. We found that cell size was reduced in the nuclei with different time courses. VCN cell size is normal until after hearing onset, while MNTB and LSO show decreases earlier. VGAT expression was elevated relative to VGLUT in theFmr1KO mouse MNTB by P6, before hearing onset. Because glial cells influence development and are altered in FXS, we investigated their emergence in the developingFmr1KO brainstem. The number of microglia developed normally in all three nuclei inFmr1KO mice, but we found elevated numbers of astrocytes inFmr1KO in VCN and LSO at P14. The results indicate that some phenotypes are evident before spontaneous or auditory activity, while others emerge later, and suggest that Fmr1 acts at multiple sites and time points in auditory system development.
Homeostatic Changes in GABA and Acetylcholine Muscarinic Receptors on GABAergic Neurons in the Mesencephalic Reticular Formation following Sleep Deprivation
Authors: Toossi Hanieh , del Cid-Pellitero Esther , Jones Barbara E. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe have examined whether GABAergic neurons in the mesencephalic reticular formation (RFMes), which are believed to inhibit the neurons in the pons that generate paradoxical sleep (PS or REMS), are submitted to homeostatic regulation under conditions of sleep deprivation (SD) by enforced waking during the day in mice. Using immunofluorescence, we investigated first, by staining for c-Fos, whether GABAergic RFMes neurons are active during SD and then, by staining for receptors, whether their activity is associated with homeostatic changes in GABAAor acetylcholine muscarinic type 2 (AChM2) receptors (Rs), which evoke inhibition. We found that a significantly greater proportion of the GABAergic neurons were positively stained for c-Fos after SD (∼27%) as compared to sleep control (SC; ∼1%) and sleep recovery (SR; ∼6%), suggesting that they were more active during waking with SD and less active or inactive during sleep with SC and SR. The density of GABAARs and AChM2Rs on the plasma membrane of the GABAergic neurons was significantly increased after SD and restored to control levels after SR. We conclude that the density of these receptors is increased on RFMes GABAergic neurons during presumed enhanced activity with SD and is restored to control levels during presumed lesser or inactivity with SR. Such increases in GABAAR and AChM2R with sleep deficits would be associated with increased susceptibility of the wake-active GABAergic neurons to inhibition from GABAergic and cholinergic sleep-active neurons and to thus permitting the onset of sleep and PS with muscle atonia.
Evidence for Long-Timescale Patterns of Synaptic Inputs in CA1 of Awake Behaving Mice
Authors: Kolb Ilya , Talei Franzesi Giovanni , Wang Michael , Kodandaramaiah Suhasa B. , Forest Craig R. , Boyden Edward S. , Singer Annabelle C. 
Published: December 2017

Repeated sequences of neural activity are a pervasive feature of neural networksin vivoandin vitro. In the hippocampus, sequential firing of many neurons over periods of 100–300 ms reoccurs during behavior and during periods of quiescence. However, it is not known whether the hippocampus produces longer sequences of activity or whether such sequences are restricted to specific network states. Furthermore, whether long repeated patterns of activity are transmitted to single cells downstream is unclear. To answer these questions, we recorded intracellularly from hippocampal CA1 of awake, behaving male mice to examine both subthreshold activity and spiking output in single neurons. In eight of nine recordings, we discovered long (900 ms) reoccurring subthreshold fluctuations or “repeats.” Repeats generally were high-amplitude, nonoscillatory events reoccurring with 10 ms precision. Using statistical controls, we determined that repeats occurred more often than would be expected from unstructured network activity (e.g., by chance). Most spikes occurred during a repeat, and when a repeat contained a spike, the spike reoccurred with precision on the order of ≤20 ms, showing that long repeated patterns of subthreshold activity are strongly connected to spike output. Unexpectedly, we found that repeats occurred independently of classic hippocampal network states like theta oscillations or sharp-wave ripples. Together, these results reveal surprisingly long patterns of repeated activity in the hippocampal network that occur nonstochastically, are transmitted to single downstream neurons, and strongly shape their output. This suggests that the timescale of information transmission in the hippocampal network is much longer than previously thought.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe found long (≥900 ms), repeated, subthreshold patterns of activity in CA1 of awake, behaving mice. These repeated patterns (“repeats”) occurred more often than expected by chance and with 10 ms precision. Most spikes occurred within repeats and reoccurred with a precision on the order of 20 ms. Surprisingly, there was no correlation between repeat occurrence and classical network states such as theta oscillations and sharp-wave ripples. These results provide strong evidence that long patterns of activity are repeated and transmitted to downstream neurons, suggesting that the hippocampus can generate longer sequences of repeated activity than previously thought.
Heat transfer enhancement using hybrid nanoparticles in ethylene glycol through a horizontal heated tube
Authors: M. Hussein Adnan , Noor M. M. , Kadirgama K. , Ramasamy D. , Rahman M. M. 
Published: December 2017

Heating hybrid nanofluids by the mixing of solid nanoparticles suspended in liquid represents a new class of heat transfer enhancement. To enhance heat transfer for many industrial applications, a computational fluid dynamics modelling simulation using the finite volume method and adopting the SIMPLE algorithm was performed. The mixture of aluminium nitride nanoparticles into ethylene glycol which acts as a base fluid is considered as a new concept of hybrid nanofluids that can increase heat transfer. The hybrid nanofluid was prepared experimentally with a volume fraction range of 1% to 4%. The size diameter of nanoparticles, heat flux around a horizontal straight tube, and Reynolds number is approximately 30 nm, 5000 w/m2 and 5,000 to 17,000, respectively. The computational method had been successfully validated using available experimental data reported in the literature. It was found that 1% to 3% Aluminum nitride hybrid nanofluids can significantly affect efficiency, while more than 3% volume fraction are insignificant as they obtain less than one efficiency. Results show that a combination of aluminium nitride nanoparticles with the EG base fluid tends to augment heat transfer performance significantly.