bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric peritonsillar abscess: Outcomes and cost savings from using transcervical ultrasound
Authors: Huang Zhen , Vintzileos William , Gordish‐Dressman Heather , Bandarkar Anjum , Reilly Brian K. 
Published: January 2017

Objectives1) To analyze clinical outcomes of children stratified by ultrasound into three diagnoses: acute tonsillitis, peritonsillar phlegmon, and abscess; and 2) To compare clinical outcomes and financial impact between children who underwent ultrasound protocol to those who did not.Study DesignRetrospective analysis between two cohorts: ultrasound protocol group and control group.MethodsChildren with peritonsillar abscess (PTA) diagnosed in the emergency department (ED) were enrolled during a 2‐year period for transcervical ultrasound evaluation of bilateral tonsillar fossae. Data from a cohort of patients with PTA prior to ultrasound screening were also collected from retrospective chart review. Outcome variables were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression.ResultsSeventy‐eight children (mean 12.3 years) were enrolled in the ultrasound protocol, compared to 101 children (mean 13.6 years) evaluated using traditional methods of examination and/or computed tomography (CT) imaging. Demographics between the two groups were not significantly different.Only one‐third of patients presumed to have PTA by ED staff had ultrasound findings consistent with abscess. Overall treatment failure rate was 8%, requiring readmission or surgical intervention for abscess. Length of stay, surgical drainage, and radiation exposure from CT scans were reduced significantly in the ultrasound group (P < 0.006). Differences in readmission rates and mean charges between the two groups did not reach significance.ConclusionPeritonsillar abscess is a common infection in the pediatric population, but diagnosis can be challenging. Transcervical ultrasound is a safe, cost‐effective, and accurate modality to help stratify patients into medical and surgical treatment arms.Level of Evidence3b. Laryngoscope, 127:1924–1929, 2017
Palladium Nanocubes Assembled Electrospun Nanofiber Membrane: Facile Preparation and Catalytic Properties
Authors: Liu Zhicheng , Yan Zhaodong , Guo Jian , Bai Lu , Jia Lu , Song Ping , Mei Linyu , Liu Yaqing 
Published: January 2017

Assembly of anisotropic nanoparticles on polymeric templates has attracted much attention recently because of the potential useful applications. In this work, 3D electrospun nanofiber membrane is used as template for the assembly of ex situ synthesized palladium nanocubes. The assembly process is achieved by simple immersion step, in which the electrostatic assembly of the nanocubes occurs. The dense nanocubes on the nanofibers as well as the fibrous nanostructure render the nanocomposite membrane excellent catalytic activity. Moreover, the catalytic membrane can be recycled for at least six times, which makes it possible for practical usage.
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Presentation and validation of the DuckEES child and adolescent dynamic facial expressions stimulus set
Authors: Giuliani Nicole R. , Flournoy John C. , Ivie Elizabeth J. , Von Hippel Arielle , Pfeifer Jennifer H. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe stimulus sets presently used to study emotion processing are primarily static pictures of individuals (primarily adults) making emotional facial expressions. However, the dynamic, stereotyped movements associated with emotional expressions contain rich information missing from static pictures, such as the difference between happiness and pride. We created a set of 1.1 s dynamic emotional facial stimuli representing boys and girls aged 8–18. A separate group of 36 individuals (mean [M] age = 19.5 years, standard deviation [SD] = 1.95, 13 male) chose the most appropriate emotion label for each video from a superset of 250 videos. Validity and reliability statistics were performed across all stimuli, which were then used to determine which stimuli should be included in the final stimulus set. We set a criterion for inclusion of 70% agreement with the modal response made for each video. The final stimulus set contains 142 videos of 36 actors (M age = 13.24 years, SD = 2.09, 14 male) making negative (disgust, embarrassment, fear, sadness), positive (happiness, pride), and neutral facial expressions. The percent correct among the final stimuli was high (median = 88.89%; M = 88.38%, SD = 7.74%), as was reliability (κ = 0.753).
30‐Second bound and pore water concentration mapping of cortical bone using 2D UTE with optimized half‐pulses
Authors: Manhard Mary Kate , Harkins Kevin D. , Gochberg Daniel F. , Nyman Jeffry S. , Does Mark D. 
Published: January 2017

PurposeMRI of cortical bone has the potential to offer new information about fracture risk. Current methods are typically performed with 3D acquisitions, which suffer from long scan times and are generally limited to extremities. This work proposes using 2D UTE with half pulses for quantitatively mapping bound and pore water in cortical bone.MethodsHalf‐pulse 2D UTE methods were implemented on a 3T Philips Achieva scanner using an optimized slice‐select gradient waveform, with preparation pulses to selectively image bound or pore water. The 2D methods were quantitatively compared with previously implemented 3D methods in the tibia in five volunteers.ResultsThe mean difference between bound and pore water concentration acquired from 3D and 2D sequences was 0.6 and 0.9 mol 1H/Lbone (3 and 12%, respectively). While 2D pore water methods tended to slightly overestimate concentrations relative to 3D methods, differences were less than scan‐rescan uncertainty and expected differences between healthy and fracture‐prone bones.ConclusionQuantitative bound and pore water concentration mapping in cortical bone can be accelerated by 2 orders of magnitude using 2D protocols with optimized half‐pulse excitation. Magn Reson Med 77:945–950, 2017. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Content of conventional therapy for the severely affected arm during subacute rehabilitation after stroke: An analysis of physiotherapy and occupational therapy practice
Authors: de Jong Lex D. , van Wijck Frederike , Stewart Roy E. , Geurts Alexander C.H. , Dijkstra Pieter U. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground and PurposePhysiotherapy (PT) and occupational therapy (OT) are key professions providing treatment for the arm after stroke; however, knowledge about the content of these treatments is scant. Detailed data are needed to replicate interventions, evaluate their effective components, and evaluate PT and OT practice. This paper describes PT and OT treatment for the severely affected arm in terms of duration, content according to components and categories of the International Classification of Human Functioning, Disability and Health, and to analyze differences between professions.MethodsDesign: This is a retrospective analysis of randomized trial data. Participants: 46 patients after stroke with poor arm motor control recruited from inpatient neurological units from three rehabilitation centers in the Netherlands. Procedure: PTs and OTs recorded duration and content of arm treatment interventions for 8 weeks using a bespoke treatment schedule with 15 International Classification of Human Functioning, Disability and Health categories.ResultsPTs and OTs spent on average 4–7 min per treatment session (30 min) on arm treatment. OTs spent significantly more time providing arm treatment and treatment at the activities level than PTs. PTs spent 79% of their arm treatment time on body functions, OTs 41%. OTs spent significantly more time on “moving around using transportation,” “self care,” and “household tasks” categories.ConclusionsPatients after stroke with a severely affected arm and an unfavorable prognosis for arm motor recovery receive little arm‐oriented PT and OT. Therapists spent most arm treatment time on body functions. There was a considerable overlap in the content of PT and OT in 12 of the 15 categories. Results can be generalized only to patients with poor arm motor control and may not represent practice in other countries.
Finite‐time boundedness and L2‐gain analysis for switched positive linear systems with multiple time delays
Authors: Liu Yang , Tao Wei , Lee Liming , Lu Jianquan 
Published: January 2017

SummaryIn this paper, we study the finite‐time boundedness, stabilization, and L2‐gain for switched positive linear systems (SPLS) with multiple time delays. Using multiple linear copositive Lyapunov functions, sufficient conditions in terms of linear matrix inequalities are obtained for the problems of finite‐time boundedness and stabilization and the design of state feedback controllers for SPLS. Under asynchronous switching, L2‐gain analysis is developed for SPLS under the constraint of average dwell time. Numerical examples are given to illustrate our theoretical results. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Peg3/PW1 Is a Marker of a Subset of Vessel Associated Endothelial Progenitors
Authors: Malinverno Matteo , Corada Monica , Ferrarini Luca , Formicola Luigi , Marazzi Giovanna , Sassoon David , Dejana Elisabetta 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Vascular associated endothelial cell (ECs) progenitors are still poorly studied and their role in the newly forming vasculature at embryonic or postnatal stage remains elusive. In the present work, we first defined a set of genes highly expressed during embryo development and strongly downregulated in the adult mouse. In this group, we then concentrated on the progenitor cell marker Peg3/PW1. By in vivo staining of the vasculature we found that only a subset of cells coexpressed endothelial markers and PW1. These cells were quite abundant in the embryo vasculature but declined in number at postnatal and adult stages. Using a reporter mouse for PW1 expression, we have been able to isolate PW1-positive (PW1posECs) and negative endothelial cells (PW1negECs). PW1-positive cells were highly proliferative in comparison to PW1negECs and were able to form colonies when seeded at clonal dilution. Furthermore, by RNAseq analysis, PW1posECs expressed endothelial cell markers together with mesenchymal and stem cell markers. When challenged by endothelial growth factors in vitro, PW1posECs were able to proliferate more than PW1negECs and to efficiently form new vessels in vivo. Taken together these data identify a subset of vessel associated endothelial cells with characteristics of progenitor cells. Considering their high proliferative potential these cells may be of particular importance to design therapies to improve the perfusion of ischemic tissues or to promote vascular repair.
Large, Prospective Analysis of the Reasons Patients Do Not Pursue BRCA Genetic Testing Following Genetic Counseling
Authors: Hayden Sommer , Mange Sarah , Duquette Debra , Petrucelli Nancie , Raymond Victoria M. ,   on behalf of the BRCA Clinical Network Partners
Published: January 2017

AbstractGenetic counseling (GC) and genetic testing (GT) identifies high‐risk individuals who benefit from enhanced medical management. Not all individuals undergo GT following GC and understanding the reasons why can impact clinical efficiency, reduce GT costs through appropriate identification of high‐risk individuals, and demonstrate the value of pre‐GT GC. A collaborative project sponsored by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services prospectively collects anonymous data on BRCA‐related GC visits performed by providers in Michigan, including demographics, patient/family cancer history, GT results, and reasons for declining GT. From 2008 to 2012, 10,726 patients underwent GC; 3476 (32.4%) did not pursue GT. Primary reasons included: not the best test candidate (28.1%), not clinically indicated (23.3%), and insurance/out of pocket cost concerns (13.6%). Patient disinterest was the primary reason for declining in 17.1%. Insurance/out of pocket cost concerns were the primary reason for not testing in 13.4% of untested individuals with private insurance. Among untested individuals with breast and/or ovarian cancer, 22.5% reported insurance/out of pocket cost concerns as the primary reason for not testing and 6.6% failed to meet Medicare criteria. In a five‐year time period, nearly one‐third of patients who underwent BRCA GC did not pursue GT. GT was not indicated in almost half of patients. Insurance/out of pocket cost concerns continue to be barriers.
Effects of Steam Distillation and Screw‐Pressing on Extraction, Composition and Functional Properties of Protein in Dehulled Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)
Authors: Hojilla‐Evangelista Mila P. , Evangelista Roque L. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCoriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is a summer annual plant commonly used as fresh green herb, spice or for its essential oil. An integrated process combined steam distillation, dehulling, and screw pressing to recover the essential oil and edible oil from coriander fruit. The current work determined the impact of the dual oil extraction approach on coriander protein extractability, composition, and functional properties and compared the results with those of ground whole coriander. Coriander protein extracts were produced by the acid precipitation method. All the dehulled samples (steamed and non‐steamed) produced protein extracts with markedly higher protein content (84–90% dry basis, db) than did ground whole fruit (67% db). Coriander protein extracts showed similar amino acid compositions and had amino acid scores that were greater than those of their starting meals and soybean protein. Steam distillation had detrimental effects on the protein, based on major changes in SDS‐PAGE band patterns and reduced protein recovery [from 42 (control) to 26%]. However, solubilities of protein from steam‐distilled samples were enhanced from pH 7 to 10 (>90 versus 80% in non‐steam‐distilled coriander). Steam‐distillation did not negatively affect foaming, emulsification, and heat coagulability properties of the coriander proteins, as the values were equal to those of the non‐steamed samples.
A Comparison of Locomotor Therapy Interventions: Partial‐Body Weight−Supported Treadmill, Lokomat, and G‐EO Training in People With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Esquenazi Alberto , Lee Stella , Wikoff Amanda , Packel Andrew , Toczylowski Theresa , Feeley John 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundLiterature in the application of gait training techniques in persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) is limited. Current techniques require multiple staff and are physically demanding. The use of a robotic locomotor training may provide improved training capacity for this population.ObjectiveTo examine the impact of 3 different modes of locomotor therapy on gait velocity and spatiotemporal symmetry using an end effector robot (G‐EO); a robotic exoskeleton (Lokomat), and manual assisted partial‐body weight–supported treadmill training (PBWSTT) in participants with traumatic brain injury.DesignRandomized, prospective study.SettingTertiary rehabilitation hospital.ParticipantsA total of 22 individuals with ≥12 months chronic TBI with hemiparetic pattern able to walk overground without assistance at velocities between 0.2 and 0.6 m/s.InterventionEighteen sessions of 45 minutes of assigned locomotor training.Outcome MeasuresOverground walking self‐selected velocity (SSV), maximal velocity (MV), spatiotemporal asymmetry ratio, 6‐Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and mobility domain of Stroke Impact Scale (MSIS).ResultsSeverity in walking dysfunction was similar across groups as determined by walking velocity data. At baseline, participants in the Lokomat group had a baseline velocity that was slightly slower compared with the other groups. Training elicited a statistically significant median increase in SSV for all groups compared with pretraining (Lokomat, P = .04; G‐EO, P = .03; and PBWSTT, P = .02) and MV excluding the G‐EO group (Lokomat, P = .04; PBWSTT, P = .03 and G‐EO, P = .15). There were no pre‐post significant differences in swing time, stance time, and step length asymmetry ratios at SSV or MV for any of the interventions. Mean rank in the change of SSV and MV was not statistically significantly different between groups. Participants in the G‐EO and PBWSTT groups significantly improved their 6MWT posttraining (P = .04 and .03, respectively). The MSIS significantly improved only for the Lokomat group (P = .04 and .03). The data did not elicit between‐groups significant differences for 6MWT and MSIS. There was less use of staff for Lokomat than G‐EO.ConclusionsLocomotor therapy using G‐EO, Lokomat, or PBWSTT in individuals with chronic TBI increased SSV and MV without significant changes in gait symmetry. Staffing needed for therapy provision was the least for the Lokomat. A larger study may further elucidate changes in gait symmetry and other training parameters.Level of EvidenceII
Diagnosis and Treatment of Gouty Tophi in the Patellar Tendon Using Ultrasound‐Guided Needle Barbotage: A Case Presentation
Authors: Colberg Ricardo E. , Henderson Rachel G. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA 73‐year‐old man presented with nontraumatic debilitating anterior left knee pain. Magnetic resonance imaging suggested a partial patellar tendon tear. However, ultrasound imaging revealed multiple small hyperechoic areas with posterior acoustic shadowing with intermixed hypoechoic fluid within the proximal patellar tendon, consistent with gouty tophi. The patient underwent ultrasound‐guided needle barbotage of the tophi. Gout was confirmed by the presence of uric acid crystals in the aspirate. He had immediate pain relief. Ultrasound imaging 6 weeks later demonstrated healing of the tendon without tophi recurrence. At 6‐month follow‐up, the patient remained asymptomatic. This case highlights a rare cause of knee pain, promotes diagnostic ultrasound, and describes a novel treatment technique for intratendinous tophaceous gout.Level of EvidenceV
Numerical investigation of the fatal 1985 Manchester Airport B737 fire
Authors: Galea E. R. , Wang Z. , Jia F. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTIn this paper, fire and evacuation computer simulations are used to reconstruct the 1985 Manchester Airport B737 fire that resulted in the loss of 55 lives. First the actual fire and evacuation are reconstructed. Secondly, the impact of exit opening times and external wind on the fire and evacuation are investigated. Finally, the potential benefit offered by modern materials is evaluated. The results suggest that the number of fatalities could have been reduced by 87% had the forward right exit not malfunctioned and by 36% had the right over-wing exit been opened without delay. Furthermore, given the fuel pool size and location, a critical wind speed of 1.5m/s is necessary to cause the fire plume to lean onto the fuselage eventually resulting in fuselage burn-through. Finally, it is suggested that the use of modern cabin materials could have made a significant difference to the fire development and survivability.
MODELLING MORTALITY FOR PENSION SCHEMES
Authors: Hunt Andrew , Blake David 
Published: January 2017

AbstractFor many pension schemes, a shortage of data limits their ability to use sophisticated stochastic mortality models to assess and manage their exposure to longevity risk. In this study, we develop a mortality model designed for such pension schemes, which compares the evolution of mortality rates in a sub-population with that observed in a larger reference population. We apply this approach to data from the CMI Self-Administered Pension Scheme study, using U.K. population data as a reference. We then use the approach to investigate the potential differences in the evolution of mortality rates between these two populations and find that, in many practical situations, basis risk is much less of a problem than is commonly believed.
Diabolus in dialectica
Authors: Rush Fred 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAdorno’s Drei Studien zu Hegel (Hegel: Three Studies, 1963) offers his most focused treatment of what he took to be the core principles of Hegelian dialectic. Moreover, the book professes the central importance of Hegel for Adorno’s own development. As such, it is a pivotal document that simultaneously looks back towards Adorno’s most sustained personal work, Minima Moralia (1951), and ahead to what he took to be his most important systematic work, Negative Dialectics (1966). Adorno’s interpretation of Hegel is critical and unique in both its tone and substance. Although there are many cross-cutting lines of argumentation, the one that stands out is Adorno’s understanding of determinate negation in Hegel and his own suggestion for improving that concept. This paper reconstructs Adorno’s main arguments in this domain, assesses them as interpretations of Hegel and investigates their importance for Adorno’s emerging conception of ‘negative dialectics’.
The effects of flavanone-rich citrus juice on cognitive function and cerebral blood flow: an acute, randomised, placebo-controlled cross-over trial in healthy, young adults
Authors: Lamport Daniel J. , Pal Deepa , Macready Anna L. , Barbosa-Boucas Sofia , Fletcher John M. , Williams Claire M. , Spencer Jeremy P. E. , Butler Laurie T. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA plausible mechanism underlying flavonoid-associated cognitive effects is increased cerebral blood flow (CBF). However, behavioural and CBF effects following flavanone-rich juice consumption have not been explored. The aim of this study was to investigate whether consumption of flavanone-rich juice is associated with acute cognitive benefits and increased regional CBF in healthy, young adults. An acute, single-blind, randomised, cross-over design was applied with two 500-ml drink conditions – high-flavanone (HF; 70·5 mg) drink and an energy-, and vitamin C- matched, zero-flavanone control. A total of twenty-four healthy young adults aged 18–30 years underwent cognitive testing at baseline and 2-h after drink consumption. A further sixteen, healthy, young adults were recruited for functional MRI assessment, whereby CBF was measured with arterial spin labelling during conscious resting state at baseline as well as 2 and 5 h after drink consumption. The HF drink was associated with significantly increased regional perfusion in the inferior and middle right frontal gyrus at 2 h relative to baseline and the control drink. In addition, the HF drink was associated with significantly improved performance on the Digit Symbol Substitution Test at 2 h relative to baseline and the control drink, but no effects were observed on any other behavioural cognitive tests. These results demonstrate that consumption of flavanone-rich citrus juice in quantities commonly consumed can acutely enhance blood flow to the brain in healthy, young adults. However, further studies are required to establish a direct causal link between increased CBF and enhanced behavioural outcomes following citrus juice ingestion.