bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Common Findings in Late‐Gestation Fetal Echocardiography
Authors: Tague Lauren , Donofrio Mary T. , Fulgium Amanda , McCarter Robert , Limperopoulos Catherine , Schidlow David N. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesFetal echocardiography provides detailed information about cardiac structure and function in utero. Limited information is available regarding normal findings late in pregnancy. We therefore sought to identify and describe common cardiac findings in late gestation.MethodsFetuses with structurally normal hearts were identified in mid gestation within a subset of pregnant women in a prospective study. The atrioventricular valves, right and left atria, aortic isthmus and ductus arteriosus dimensions and flow abnormalities, aneurysm of the septum primum, and presence and grade of tricuspid regurgitation were assessed throughout pregnancy. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to characterize changes in quantitative and qualitative fetal echocardiographic parameters by gestational age (GA).ResultsForty fetuses between 24 and 38 weeks' GA were studied. Each had a fetal echocardiographic study completed before and after 34 weeks' gestation, which were compared. Tricuspid‐to‐mitral valve and right‐to‐left atrium ratios increased with GA (P < .001). More frequently noted after 34 weeks were tapering of the ductus arteriosus (2.5% versus 32%), prominent aortic isthmus diastolic flow (5% versus 67%), prominent ductus arteriosus diastolic flow (2.5% versus 25%), trivial or mild tricuspid regurgitation (35% versus 80%), and aneurysms of the septum primum (37.5% versus 80%). These findings all increased linearly with GA (P < .001).ConclusionsAtrioventricular valve and right/left atrium disproportion, mild ductus arteriosus tapering, prominent aortic isthmus and ductus arteriosus diastolic flow, trivial or mild tricuspid regurgitation, and aneurysms of the septum primum are frequently identified after 34 weeks' GA. Their identification suggests that these fetal echocardiographic findings in isolation are likely normal and are results of the physiologic alterations that occur late in the third trimester.
Spatially explicit population estimates for black bears based on cluster sampling
Authors: Humm Jacob M. , McCown J. Walter , Scheick Brian K. , Clark Joseph D. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTWe estimated abundance and density of the 5 major black bear (Ursus americanus) subpopulations (i.e., Eglin, Apalachicola, Osceola, Ocala‐St. Johns, Big Cypress) in Florida, USA with spatially explicit capture‐mark‐recapture (SCR) by extracting DNA from hair samples collected at barbed‐wire hair sampling sites. We employed a clustered sampling configuration with sampling sites arranged in 3 × 3 clusters spaced 2 km apart within each cluster and cluster centers spaced 16 km apart (center to center). We surveyed all 5 subpopulations encompassing 38,960 km2during 2014 and 2015. Several landscape variables, most associated with forest cover, helped refine density estimates for the 5 subpopulations we sampled. Detection probabilities were affected by site‐specific behavioral responses coupled with individual capture heterogeneity associated with sex. Model‐averaged bear population estimates ranged from 120 (95% CI = 59–276) bears or a mean 0.025 bears/km2(95% CI = 0.011–0.44) for the Eglin subpopulation to 1,198 bears (95% CI = 949–1,537) or 0.127 bears/km2(95% CI = 0.101–0.163) for the Ocala‐St. Johns subpopulation. The total population estimate for our 5 study areas was 3,916 bears (95% CI = 2,914–5,451). The clustered sampling method coupled with information on land cover was efficient and allowed us to estimate abundance across extensive areas that would not have been possible otherwise. Clustered sampling combined with spatially explicit capture‐recapture methods has the potential to provide rigorous population estimates for a wide array of species that are extensive and heterogeneous in their distribution. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Multiple solutions for Kirchhoff‐type problems with variable exponent and nonhomogeneous Neumann conditions
Authors: Heidarkhani Shapour , De Araujo Anderson L. A. , Afrouzi Ghasem A. , Moradi Shahin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe existence of at least three weak solutions for a class of differential equations with ‐Kirchhoff‐type and subject to small perturbations of nonhomogeneous Neumann conditions is established under suitable assumptions. Our technical approach is based on variational methods. In addition, an example to illustrate our results is given.
Abrasive wear behavior of various reinforced AA6061 matrix composites produced with hot pressing process: A comparative study
Authors: Ismail O. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe effects of various reinforcements (boron carbide ‐silicon carbide‐alumina) with constant volume fraction (20 %) on the abrasive wear properties of AA6061 matrix composites produced with hot pressing process were investigated. The wear tests were carried out using a pin‐on‐disk wear tester by sliding at sliding speeds of 1.2 m/s against silicon carbide paper. Applied normal loads have 5, 10 and 15 N magnitude at room temperature. The wear morphologies of the worn surfaces were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope in order to examine the wear characteristics and to investigate the wear mechanisms. The effects of reinforcement type on the wear behavior of AA6061 matrix composites were observed. Results exhibited that the optimum wear resistance obtained with the boron carbide reinforced composite parts. All reinforced samples showed better wear resistance compared to as‐received samples in all the studied conditions. Scanning electron microscope characterization showed that test specimens have complex combination of wear mechanisms on the worn surface.
Effect of the structural reinforcement of composite adherends on the mechanical strength of adhesive joints
Authors: Hunter R. , Vizán A. , Peréz J. , Möller J. , Leyrer J. , Silva L.F.M. da 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis study proposes a novel method to strengthen fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) adherends in a single lap joint (SLJ) by using Kevlar threads. The adherend reinforcement procedure consists of applying a zigzag thread in the fiber glass layers that comprise the adherend in order to subsequently manufacture the adherends using the vacuum infusion method. For this study, three single lap joint configurations were used: Adherends without Kevlar reinforcement (SLJ1), adherends with Kevlar reinforcement with a medium step zigzag (SLJ2) and adherends with Kevlar reinforcement with a small step zigzag (SLJ3). Mechanical tensile tests were carried out to determine the ultimate strength and displacement of the single lap joint configurations studied. Adherends reinforced by Kevlar threads increase the strength and displacement of the single lap joint. However, the influence of the step size of zigzag threads on the adherend does not significantly influence the strength, but significantly affects the maximum displacement of the single lap joint.
Mesocorticolimbic hemodynamic response in Parkinson's disease patients with compulsive behaviors
Authors: Claassen Daniel O. , Stark Adam J. , Spears Charis A. , Petersen Kalen J. , van Wouwe Nelleke C. , Kessler Robert M. , Zald David H. , Donahue Manus J. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundPD patients treated with dopamine therapy can develop maladaptive impulsive and compulsive behaviors, manifesting as repetitive participation in reward‐driven activities. This behavioral phenotype implicates aberrant mesocorticolimbic network function, a concept supported by past literature. However, no study has investigated the acute hemodynamic response to dopamine agonists in this subpopulation.ObjectivesWe tested the hypothesis that dopamine agonists differentially alter mesocortical and mesolimbic network activity in patients with impulsive‐compulsive behaviors.MethodsDopamine agonist effects on neuronal metabolism were quantified using arterial‐spin‐labeling MRI measures of cerebral blood flow in the on‐dopamine agonist and off‐dopamine states. The within‐subject design included 34 PD patients, 17 with active impulsive compulsive behavior symptoms, matched for age, sex, disease duration, and PD severity.ResultsPatients with impulsive‐compulsive behaviors have a significant increase in ventral striatal cerebral blood flow in response to dopamine agonists. Across all patients, ventral striatal cerebral blood flow on‐dopamine agonist is significantly correlated with impulsive‐compulsive behavior severity (Questionnaire for Impulsive Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson's Disease‐ Rating Scale). Voxel‐wise analysis of dopamine agonist–induced cerebral blood flow revealed group differences in mesocortical (ventromedial prefrontal cortex; insular cortex), mesolimbic (ventral striatum), and midbrain (SN; periaqueductal gray) regions.ConclusionsThese results indicate that dopamine agonist therapy can augment mesocorticolimbic and striato‐nigro‐striatal network activity in patients susceptible to impulsive‐compulsive behaviors. Our findings reinforce a wider literature linking studies of maladaptive behaviors to mesocorticolimbic networks and extend our understanding of biological mechanisms of impulsive compulsive behaviors in PD. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Sonographic screening for Wilms tumor in children with CLOVES syndrome
Authors: Peterman Caitlin M. , Fevurly R. Dawn , Alomari Ahmad I. , Trenor Cameron C. , Adams Denise M. , Vadeboncoeur Sophie , Liang Marilyn G. , Greene Arin K. , Mulliken John B. , Fishman Steven J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundCLOVES syndrome is associated with somatic mosaic PIK3CA mutations and characterized by congenital lipomatous overgrowth, vascular malformations, epidermal nevi, and skeletal anomalies. Wilms tumor (WT) is a malignant embryonal renal neoplasm associated with hemihypertrophy and certain overgrowth disorders. After identifying WT in a child with CLOVES, we questioned whether ultrasonographic screening was necessary in these patients.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients with CLOVES syndrome in our Vascular Anomalies Center at Boston Children's Hospital between 1998 and 2016 to identify those who developed WT. A PubMed literature search was also conducted to find other patients with both conditions.ResultsA total of 122 patients with CLOVES syndrome were found in our database (mean age 7.7 years, range 0–53 years). Four patients developed WT; all were diagnosed by 2 years of age. The incidence of WT in our CLOVES patient population (3.3%) was significantly greater than the incidence of WT in the general population (1/10,000) (P < 0.001). Four additional patients with WT and CLOVES syndrome were identified in our literature review.ConclusionPatients with CLOVES syndrome have an increased risk of WT. Given the benefits of early detection and treatment, children with CLOVES syndrome should be considered for quarterly abdominal ultrasonography until age 7 years. Screening may be most beneficial for patients under 3 years of age.
Spectral library‐based glycopeptide analysis–detection of circulating galectin‐3 binding protein in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Nigjeh Eslam N. , Chen Ru , Allen‐Tamura Yasuko , Brand Randall E. , Brentnall Teresa A. , Pan Sheng 
Published: June 2017

PurposePancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease characterized by its late diagnosis, poor prognosis and rapid development of drug resistance. Using the data‐independent acquisition (DIA) technique, the authors applied a spectral library‐based proteomic approach to analyze N‐glycosylated peptides in human plasma, in the context of pancreatic cancer study.Experimental designThe authors extended the application of DIA to the quantification of N‐glycosylated peptides enriched from plasma specimens from a clinically well‐defined cohort that consists of patients with early stage PDAC, chronic pancreatitis and healthy subjects.ResultsThe analytical platform was evaluated in light of its robustness for quantitative analysis of large‐scale clinical specimens. The authors analysis indicated that the level of N‐glycosylated peptides derived from galectin‐3 binding proteins (LGALS3BP) were frequently elevated in plasma from PDAC patients, concurrent with the altered N‐glycosylation of LGALS3BP observed in the tumor tissue.Conclusion and clinical relevanceThe glycosylation form of LGALS3BP influences its function in the galectin network, which profoundly involves in cancer progression, immune response and drug resistance. As one of the major binding ligands of galectin network, discovery of site specific N‐glycosylation changes of LGALS3BP in association of PDAC may provide useful clues to facilitate cancer detection or phenotype stratification.
Cross‐resistance to purified Bt proteins, Bt corn and Bt cotton in a Cry2Ab2‐corn resistant strain of Spodoptera frugiperda
Authors: Yang Fei , Kerns David L , Head Graham P , Price Paula , Huang Fangneng 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDGene‐pyramiding by combining two or more dissimilar Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins into a crop has been used to delay insect resistance. The durability of gene‐pyramiding can be reduced by cross‐resistance. Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is a major target pest of the Cry2Ab2 protein used in pyramided Bt corn and cotton. Here, we provide the first experimental evaluation of cross‐resistance in S. frugiperda selected with Cry2Ab2 corn to multiple Bt sources including purified Bt proteins, Bt corn and Bt cotton.RESULTSConcentration − response bioassays showed that resistance ratios for Cry2Ab2‐resistant (RR) relative to Cry2Ab2‐susceptible (SS)
S. frugiperda
were −1.4 for Cry1F, 1.2 for Cry1A.105, >26.7 for Cry2Ab2, >10.0 for Cry2Ae and −1.1 for Vip3A. Larvae of Cry2Ab2‐heterozygous (RS), SS and RR
S. frugiperda
were all susceptible to Bt corn and Bt cotton containing Cry1 (Cry1F or Cry1A.105) and/or Vip3A proteins. Pyramided Bt cotton containing Cry1Ac + Cry2Ab2 or Cry1Ab + Cry2Ae were also effective against SS and RS, but not RR.CONCLUSIONThese findings suggest that Cry2Ab2‐corn‐selected
S. frugiperda
is not cross‐resistant to Cry1F, Cry1A.105 or Vip3A protein, or corn and cotton plants containing these Bt proteins, but it can cause strong cross‐resistance to Cry2Ae and Bt crops expressing similar Bt proteins. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Improving preventive locust management: insights from a multi‐agent model
Authors: Gay Pierre‐Emmanuel , Lecoq Michel , Piou Cyril 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDPreventive management of locust plagues works in some cases but still fails frequently. The role of funding institution awareness was suggested as a potential facilitating factor for cyclic locust plagues. We designed a multi‐agent system to represent the events of locust plague development and a management system with three levels: funding institution, national control unit and field teams. A sensitivity analysis identified the limits and improvements of the management system.RESULTSThe model generated cyclic locust plagues through a decrease in funding institution awareness. The funding institution could improve its impact by increasing its support by just a few percent. The control unit should avoid hiring too many field teams when plagues bring in money, in order to ensure that surveys can be maintained in times of recession. The more information the teams can acquire about the natural system, the more efficient they will be.CONCLUSIONWe argue that anti‐locust management should be considered as a complex adaptive system. This not only would allow managers to prove to funders the random aspect of their needs, but would also enable funders and decision‐makers to understand and integrate their own decisions into the locust dynamics that still regularly affect human populations. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
A Poetry Coffee House: Creating a Cool Community of Writers
Authors: Ferguson Kristen 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis article explores the sharing of writing through a coffee house–style poetry reading. Although this article focuses on a workshop and share activity used in a preservice teacher language arts and literacy course, it contains tips and ideas for implementing poetry coffee houses with elementary and secondary school students and preservice and inservice teachers. The coffee house activity with preservice teachers consists of three parts: a discussion about poetry, a poetry writing workshop, and an open mike sharing session. The goals of the coffee house are to broaden preservice teachers' conceptions of poetry, to model poetry writing with students, and to create a venue to share poetry as a community of writers.
Acoustic lure allows for capture of a high‐flying, endangered bat
Authors: Braun De Torrez Elizabeth C. , Samoray Steve T. , Silas Kirk A. , Wallrichs Megan A. , Gumbert Mark W. , Ober Holly K. , Mccleery Robert A. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTMist nets are commonly used to capture free‐flying bats; however, some bat species are very difficult to capture because of their flight behavior, habitat preferences, and ability to avoid nets. High‐flying, open‐space foragers are especially underrepresented by mist‐net surveys. Few studies have investigated the effectiveness of using acoustic lures (playbacks of conspecific vocalizations) to increase capture success of bats in mist nets. We tested the efficacy of an acoustic lure to capture a high‐flying rare molossid, the endangered Florida bonneted bat (Eumops floridanus), which had been captured only once away from a known roost prior to our research. We used a crossover experimental design with 2 lure treatments (nets with lures playing social call recordings from 2 different roosts) and 2 control nets (no lures) in 6 sites for 2 nights each. We captured 15 Florida bonneted bats in our treatment nets and 0 in our control nets. One lure had greater capture success (n = 13) than the other (n = 2), with a trend for greater captures of males (n = 11) than females (n = 4). We suggest that these differences were due to the social context in which the calls used in the lures were recorded. Our study demonstrated the utility of acoustic lures to capture Florida bonneted bats and expands research opportunities critical to the species’ conservation, such as the ability to use radio telemetry to track captured bats to unknown roosting and foraging areas. Our study also lays the foundation for future research into social call playbacks as a technique to lure other high‐flying and elusive bat species into mist nets. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Classification of Normal, Ictal and Inter-ictal EEG via Direct Quadrature and Random Forest Tree
Authors: Abdulhay Enas , Alafeef Maha , Abdelhay Arwa , Al-Bashir Areen 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper presents an accurate nonlinear classification method that can help physicians diagnose seizure in electroencephalographic (EEG) signal characterized by a disturbance in temporal and spectral content. This is accomplished by applying four steps. First, different EEG signals containing healthy, ictal and seizure-free (inter-ictal) activities are decomposed by empirical mode decomposition method. The instantaneous amplitudes and frequencies of resulted bands (intrinsic mode functions, IMF) are then tracked by the direct quadrature method (DQ). In contrast to other approaches, DQ cancels the effect of amplitude modulation on frequency calculation. The dissociation between instantaneous amplitude and frequency information is therefore fully achieved to avoid features confusion. Afterwards, the Shannon entropy values of both sets of instantaneous values (amplitudes and frequencies)—related to every IMF—are calculated. Finally, the obtained entropy values are classified by random forest tree. The proposed procedure yields 100% accuracy for (healthy)/(ictal) and 98.3–99.7% for (healthy)/(ictal)/(interictal) classification problems. The suggested method is hence robust, accurate, fast, user-friendly, data driven with open access interpretability.
Bank levy and bank risk‐taking
Authors: Diemer Michael 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn the aftermath of the recent financial crisis, several countries implemented a bank levy. This paper studies the impact of different types of bank levies on the risk‐taking behaviour of banks competing in the market for secured or unsecured debt à la Hotelling. We differentiate between three types of bank levies: a levy on secured liabilities, a levy on unsecured liabilities and a levy on risk‐weighted assets. Banks collect funds and invest in either a prudent or a gambling asset. We find that a levy on secured and unsecured liabilities can prevent banks from investing in the gambling asset. A levy on risk‐weighted assets also induces banks to behave more prudently. Such a levy is even more effective than a levy on liabilities if banks are well‐capitalized. Finally, a guarantee on debt makes a bank levy more effective.
Return visits to the pediatric emergency department: A multicentre retrospective cohort study
Authors: Meyer-Macaulay Colin B. , Truong Mimi , Meckler Garth D. , Doan Quynh H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveReturn visits to the emergency department (RTED) for the same clinical complaint occur in 2.7% to 8.1% of children presenting to pediatric emergency departments (PEDs). Most studies examining RTEDs have focused solely on PEDs and do not capture children returning to other local emergency departments (EDs). Our objective was to measure the frequency and characterize the directional pattern of RTED to any of 18 EDs serving a large geographic area for children initially evaluated at a PED.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of all visits to a referral centre PED between August 2012 and August 2013. We compared demographic variables between children with and without an RTED, measures of flow and disposition outcomes between the initial (index) visit and RTED, and between RTED to the original PED versus to other EDs in the community.ResultsAmong all PED visits, 7.6% had an RTED within 7 days, of which 13% were to a facility other than the original PED. Children with an RTED had higher acuity and longer length of stay on their index visit. They were also more likely to be admitted on a subsequent visit than the overall PED population. RTED to the original PED had a longer waiting time (WT), length of stay, and more frequently resulted in hospitalization than RTED to a general ED.ConclusionsA significant proportion of RTED occur at a site other than where the original ED visit occurred. Examining RTED to and from only PEDs underestimates its burden on emergency health services.