bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Triple Therapy With Improvement in Cholesterol Profiles Over Two‐Year Followup in the Treatment of Early Aggressive Rheumatoid Arthritis Trial
Authors: Charles‐Schoeman Christina , Wang Xiaoyan , Lee Yuen Yin , Shahbazian Ani , Navarro‐Millán Iris , Yang Shuo , Chen Lang , Cofield Stacey S. , Moreland Larry W. , O'Dell James , Bathon Joan M. , Paulus Harold , Louis Bridges S. , Curtis Jeffrey R. 
Published: November 2015

ObjectiveTo evaluate long‐term changes in cholesterol levels in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who were randomized to begin treatment with methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy, MTX plus etanercept, or triple therapy (MTX plus sulfasalazine plus hydroxychloroquine) in the Treatment of Early Aggressive Rheumatoid Arthritis (TEAR) trial.MethodsLevels of total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were analyzed in 416 patients participating in the TEAR trial, during 102 weeks of followup. Associations of cholesterol changes with disease activity and drug treatment were evaluated using repeated‐measures analysis with mixed‐effect linear models to model within‐subject covariance over time.ResultsMixed‐effect models controlling for traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, TEAR treatment, and baseline prednisone and statin use demonstrated significant inverse associations of RA disease activity with changes in cholesterol over time. Decreases in the 28‐joint Disease Activity Score, the C‐reactive protein level, or the erythrocyte sedimentation rate were associated with increases in levels of HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and total cholesterol in all treatment groups (P < 0.001–0.035). Triple therapy was strongly associated with higher levels of HDL cholesterol, lower levels of LDL cholesterol, and higher ratios of total cholesterol:HDL cholesterol (P < 0.001 for all) compared to MTX monotherapy or MTX plus etanercept therapy over the 2‐year followup.ConclusionDecreases in RA disease activity over long‐term followup were associated with increases in cholesterol levels in patients with early RA treated with either biologic or nonbiologic therapies. The use of triple therapy during 2 years of followup was associated with higher HDL cholesterol levels, lower LDL cholesterol levels, and lower total cholesterol:HDL cholesterol ratios compared to those observed in patients who received MTX monotherapy or MTX plus etanercept combination therapy. Additional studies are needed to assess the effects of these cholesterol changes on CV events in patients with RA.
Brief Report: First Identification of Intrafamilial Recurrence of Blau Syndrome due to Gonosomal NOD2 Mosaicism
Authors: Mensa‐Vilaro Anna , Tarng Cham Weng , Ping Tang Swee , Chin Lim Sern , González‐Roca Eva , Ruiz‐Ortiz Estibaliz , Ariffin Roziana , Yagüe Jordi , Aróstegui Juan I. 
Published: November 2015

ObjectiveBlau syndrome is characterized by noncaseating granulomatous arthritis, dermatitis, and uveitis, and results from gain‐of‐function NOD2 mutations. This study was undertaken to identify the genetic cause of the disease in a family with 3 members with Blau syndrome.MethodsWe studied a family with 3 affected members across 2 consecutive generations. The children's symptoms started early (at 6 and 7 months of age) and included polyarthritis, dermatitis, uveitis, and fever. In contrast, the father's symptoms started later (at 22 years of age) and included noncaseating granulomatous dermatitis and uveitis. We analyzed the NOD2 gene in all patients by both the Sanger method of DNA sequencing and amplicon‐based deep sequencing using an Ion Torrent PGM platform.ResultsSanger chromatograms revealed the heterozygous c.1001G>A transition in both children, which resulted in the p.Arg334Gln mutation that causes Blau syndrome. In contrast, the father's chromatograms revealed a small peak of adenine at the c.1001 position, suggesting the presence of a somatic NOD2 mutation. To evaluate this hypothesis, we performed amplicon‐based deep sequencing using DNA from different tissues, which confirmed a variable degree (0.9–12.9%) of somatic NOD2 mosaicism. The previous detection of the NOD2 mutation in his daughters strongly suggests the presence of gonosomal (somatic plus gonadal) NOD2 mosaicism in the father. Comparative analyses with Blau syndrome patients carrying the germline p.Arg334Gln NOD2 mutation revealed late onset of the disease, a mild inflammatory phenotype, and an absence of complications in patients with NOD2 mosaicism.ConclusionThis is the first description of gonosomal NOD2 mosaicism as the cause of intrafamilial recurrence of Blau syndrome. Our findings also indicate that Blau syndrome includes more diverse and milder phenotypes than previously described.
Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Reaction of Sulfonyl Hydrazides with Alcohols: An Easy Access to Sulfinates
Authors: Du Bingnan , Li Zan , Qian Ping , Han Jianlin , Pan Yi 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA Cu‐catalyzed aerobic oxidative reaction between sulfonyl hydrazides and alcohols has been developed. In this reaction, sulfonyl hydrazides act as the sulfinic acid precursors to react with alcohols, resulting in sulfinic esters with up to 72 % yield. This catalytic system tolerates a wide range of sulfonyl hydrazide substrates, and represents a new strategy for the transformation of readily available sulfonyl hydrazides.
Full Characterization and Photoelectrochemical Behavior of Pyrene‐fused Octaazadecacene and Tetraazaoctacene
Authors: Wang Zilong , Miao Jianwei , Long Guankui , Gu Peiyang , Li Junbo , Aratani Naoki , Yamada Hiroko , Liu Bin , Zhang Qichun 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe preparation of large azaacenes is very important because of their great potential in organic electronics. In this report, we successfully synthesized and fully characterized two stable pyrene‐fused large azaacenes: octaazadecacene and tetraazaoctacene through employing a relatively moderate aromatic unit pyrene as imbedded species in the backbone of azaacenes to ensure large conjugation and stability. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) studies indicate that both azaacenes display n‐type semiconductor behavior.
Gender differences in the prevalence and treatment of coronary chronic total occlusions
Authors: Wolff Rafael , Fefer Paul , Knudtson Merril L. , Cheema Asim N. , Galbraith P. Diane , Sparkes John D. , Wright Graham A. , Wijeysundera Harindra C. , Strauss Bradley H. 
Published: November 2015

BackgroundGender differences exist in the presentation and outcomes of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Our study objective was to compare gender differences in prevalence, co‐morbidities, and revascularization treatment in CAD patients with chronic total occlusions (CTOs).MethodsA retrospective analysis using the Canadian Multicenter CTO Registry, which included 1,690 consecutive CTO patients identified at coronary angiography and a control group of 7,682 non‐CTO patients.ResultsThe prevalence of women in the CTO group was significantly lower compared to the control group (19% vs. 30%, P < 0.001). Within the overall CTO group, women were significantly older than men (70 ± 12 vs. 66 ± 11 years, P < 0.001) with more comorbidities, including hypertension and heart failure. Rates of PCI in the CTO group were similar between gender (10%), however, women with CTO were treated significantly less by CABG compared to men (19% vs. 27%, P = 0.003). Moreover, compared to male patients, significantly fewer women undergoing CABG had revascularization of the CTO artery (84% vs. 93%, P = 0.03). Multivariable analysis indicated that female gender (along with age, chronic renal failure, prior MI and cerebro‐vascular disease) were independent predictors for not receiving CABG treatment for CTO.ConclusionsFemale gender differences exist in CTO patients with both lower prevalence of CTOs at angiography and lower revascularization rates of CTOs by CABG. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The influence of advancing age on implantation of drug‐eluting stents
Authors: Tian Wenjie , Mahmoudi Michael , Lhermusier Thibault , Kiramijyan Sarkis , Chen Fang , Torguson Rebecca , Suddath William O. , Satler Lowell F. , Pichard Augusto D. , Waksman Ron 
Published: November 2015

BackgroundThe influence of age upon the use of drug‐eluting stents (DES) in patients aged ≥ 65 years is uncertain. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of age increase in patients aged ≥ 65 years in the use of DES in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).MethodThe study cohort comprised 8,598 patients ≥ 65 years of age who underwent stent implantation from April 2003 to March 2014. We defined the first DES era as the period April 2003 to July 2008 and the second DES era as the period July 2008 to March 2014. Multivariable logistic regression was performed for both eras to assess the impact of age increase and analyze independent factors associated with DES implantation.ResultsIn the first DES era cohort, the two groups of patients differed in their risk factor profile with lower rates of male sex, diabetes, smokers, and hypercholesterolemia in those aged ≥ 75 years. There were more Caucasian and less African‐Americans in this age group. Furthermore, patients aged ≥ 75 years had lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and baseline haematocrit concentration were more likely to present with an acute myocardial infarction (MI) than stable or unstable angina and had higher rates of a previous history for congestive heart failure (CHF), chronic renal insufficiency (CRI), and peripheral vascular disease (PVD). These differences were broadly similar for patients in the second DES era except for similarities in LVEF, presentation with unstable angina, and PVD, as well as a lower rate for previous PCI. DES use was reduced with increasing age in both the first (OR=0.78; 95% CI=0.69–0.89) and second DES era (OR=0.53; 95% CI=0.47–0.58). In both eras, DES use was less likely in current smokers, patients presenting with acute MI and cardiogenic shock, and those with a previous history of CHF.ConclusionIn patients aged ≥ 65 years, the use of DES decreased with increasing age. This observation was apparent in both the first and second DES era. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of Surface Orientation on the Catalytic Activities of La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 Crystal Electrodes for Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions
Authors: Miyahara Yuto , Miyazaki Kohei , Fukutsuka Tomokazu , Abe Takeshi 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe investigated the influence of the surface orientation of La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 (LSCO) on the catalytic activities for oxygen evolution and reduction reactions in alkaline solutions when using single crystals of LSCO. When LSCO single‐crystal rods are sliced along the (001), (110), and (111) planes of a high‐temperature cubic structure, we obtain crystal electrodes that can be denoted (001)C, (110)C, and (111)C, respectively. The catalytic activities for oxygen evolution occur in the order (110)C> (001)C≈(111)C. Although the currents for oxygen reduction on LSCO single crystals are hardly observed, their activities are enhanced when carbon is placed on the crystal surfaces. These results clearly show that the oxygen evolution activities of LSCO electrodes are dependent on their crystal planes, whereas their oxygen reduction activities rely on the interplay between carbon and LSCO. These findings may contribute toward the development of an effective electrocatalyst for rechargeable air electrodes.
A Light‐Activated Microheater for the Remote Control of Enzymatic Catalysis
Authors: Cao Yuanyuan , Wang Zhen , Liao Shenglong , Wang Jian , Wang Yapei 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe remote control of enzymatic catalysis is of significant importance in disease treatment and industrial applications. Herein, we designed a microheater composed of a porous polylactic acid (PLA) matrix and polydopamine (PDA) with notable photothermal conversion capability. Starch hydrolysis, catalyzed by using α‐amylase, was accelerated in the presence of the microheater under illumination with near‐infrared light or natural sunlight at room temperature. Additionally, the methodology was extended to the preparation of microwave‐absorbing materials with the deposition of polyaniline on porous PLA matrix. The porous morphology improves the energy‐conversion efficiency.
Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis and Physicochemical Characterization of Tetrafuranylporphyrin‐Grafted Reduced‐Graphene Oxide
Authors: Bosca Federica , Orio Laura , Tagliapietra Silvia , Corazzari Ingrid , Turci Francesco , Martina Katia , Pastero Linda , Cravotto Giancarlo , Barge Alessandro 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis work describes the design of a modified porphyrin that bears four furan rings linked by 1,2‐bis‐(2‐aminoethoxy)ethane spacers. This unit is a well‐suited scaffold for a Diels–Alder reaction with commercial reduced‐graphene oxide, which is also described in this paper. A new hybrid material is obtained, thanks to efficient grafting under microwave irradiation, and fully characterized in terms of structure (UV, TGA, Raman) and morphology (HR‐TEM and AFM). Potential applications in photo‐ and sonodynamic therapy are envisaged.
Reaction between Azidyl Radicals and Alkynes: A Straightforward Approach to NH‐1,2,3‐Triazoles
Authors: Hu Long , Mück‐Lichtenfeld Christian , Wang Tao , He Guifeng , Gao Meng , Zhao Junfeng 
Published: November 2015

AbstractReaction between nitrogen‐centered radicals and unsaturated C−C bonds is an effective synthetic strategy for the construction of nitrogen‐containing molecules. Although the reactions between nitrogen‐centered radicals and alkenes have been studied extensively, their counterpart reactions with alkynes are extremely rare. Herein, the first example of reactions between azidyl radicals and alkynes is described. This reaction initiated an efficient cascade reaction involving inter‐/intramolecular radical homolytic addition toward a C−C triple bond and a hydrogen‐atom transfer step to offer a straightforward approach to NH‐1,2,3‐triazoles under mild reaction conditions. Both the internal and terminal alkynes work well for this transformation and some heterocyclic substituents on alkynes are compatible. This mechanistically distinct strategy overcomes the inherent limitations associated with azide anion chemistry and represents a rare example of reactions between a nitrogen‐centered radicals and alkynes.
A semivarying joint model for longitudinal binary and continuous outcomes
Authors: Kürüm Esra , Hughes John , Li Runze 
Published: November 2015

AbstractSemivarying models extend varying coefficient models by allowing some regression coefficients to be constant with respect to the underlying covariate(s). In this paper we develop a semivarying joint modelling framework for estimating the time‐varying association between two intensively measured longitudinal responses: a continuous one and a binary one. To overcome the major challenge of jointly modelling these responses, namely, the lack of a natural multivariate distribution we introduce a Gaussian latent variable underlying the binary response. We then decompose the model into two components: a marginal model for the continuous response and a conditional model for the binary response given the continuous response. We develop a two‐stage estimation procedure and discuss the asymptotic normality of the resulting estimators. We assess the finite‐sample performance of our procedure using a simulation study, and we illustrate our method by analyzing binary and continuous responses from the Women's Interagency HIV Study.The Canadian Journal of Statistics44: 44–57; 2016 © 2015 Statistical Society of Canada
Effect of Steam‐Treatment Time on the Length and Structure of Single‐Walled and Double‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Kierkowicz Magdalena , Pach Elzbieta , Santidrián Ana , Tobías‐Rossell Ester , Kalbáč Martin , Ballesteros Belén , Tobias Gerard 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA major challenge to turn the potential of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into customer applications is to reduce or eliminate their toxicity. Taking into account health and safety concerns, intensified research efforts have been conducted to improve the biocompatibility of CNTs, including the development of new shortening and purification strategies. Ideally, the methods used for improving the biocompatibility of CNTs should not alter the electronic properties of CNTs. Herein, we report on the shortening of a sample containing single‐walled and double‐walled CNTs using steam and obtain new insights in the properties of the steam‐treated CNTs. The present study shows that short CNTs (median length ca. 200 nm) can be obtained under the reported conditions. Raman analysis reveals that wider and outer nanotubes undergo more significant changes than the narrower and inner ones, especially after a prolonged steam treatment.
Distinguishing Protonation States of Histidine Ligands to the Oxidized Rieske Iron–Sulfur Cluster through 15N Vibrational Frequency Shifts
Authors: Jagger Benjamin R. , Koval Ashlyn M. , Wheeler Ralph A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe Rieske [2Fe–2S] cluster is a vital component of many oxidoreductases, including mitochondrial cytochrome bc1; its chloroplast equivalent, cytochrome b6f; one class of dioxygenases; and arsenite oxidase. The Rieske cluster acts as an electron shuttle and its reduction is believed to couple with protonation of one of the cluster′s His ligands. In cytochromes bc1 and b6f, for example, the Rieske cluster acts as the first electron acceptor in a modified Q cycle. The protonation states of the cluster′s His ligands determine its ability to accept a proton and possibly an electron through a hydrogen bond to the electron carrier, ubiquinol. Experimental determination of the protonation states of a Rieske cluster′s two His ligands by NMR spectroscopy is difficult, due to the close proximity of the two paramagnetic iron atoms of the cluster. Therefore, this work reports density functional calculations and proposes that difference vibrational spectroscopy with 15N isotopic substitution may be used to assign the protonation states of the His ligands of the oxidized Rieske [2Fe–2S] complex.
Biomarkers in heart failure: the importance of inconvenient details
Authors: Miller Wayne L. , Jaffe Allan S. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe proliferation of cardiac‐related biomarkers and advocacy for their use has often come without adequate discussion of limitations in the interpretation of values and their best use in heart failure (HF) patients to provide a balanced assessment of how cardiac biomarkers are advocated for use in HF and areas where we would argue there are no gaps in knowledge. We include suggestions to address these issues. We have focused on peer‐reviewed publications over the period 2000 to present. Most studies have used samples at one or at most two points in time to define risk. Although biomarkers might add to the magnitude of risk, it is unclear how often they lead to changes in treatment. We suggest that defining the use of serial biomarker testing over time would be more helpful. To do this, it is necessary to take into account the biomarker's analytical and biological variability in addition to its ability to define and monitor therapy. These factors are often overlooked leading to conclusions that may be statistically significant but not clinically or analytically robust. An appreciation of the value and limitations of biomarker use is important to all clinicians who manage HF patients. If the proper studies are done so that biomarkers are used optimally, they will likely be helpful in defining when and how to intervene. If we continue as we have, we will continue to have ambiguity about the use of these valuable probes in the assessment and management of HF.
Exploring Parental Bonding in BED and Non‐BED Obesity Compared with Healthy Controls: Clinical, Personality and Psychopathology Correlates
Authors: Amianto Federico , Ercole Roberta , Abbate Daga Giovanni , Fassino Secondo 
Published: November 2015

AbstractEarly inadequate attachment experiences are relevant co‐factors in the development of obesity and Binge Eating Disorder (BED), which often concurs with obesity. The relationship of parental bonding with personality and psychopathology may influence treatment strategies for obese subjects, either affected or not with BED.In this study, 443 obese women (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), including 243 with and 200 without BED, and 158 female controls were assessed with regards to attachment, personality and eating psychopathology measures. Clusters obtained using the scores of the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) were compared with each other and with a control subjects' group.Lower scores of parental bonding distinguished obese subjects with respect to healthy controls. The cluster analysis revealed two clusters of parenting among obese subjects. The larger one displayed intermediate care and overprotection between controls and the smaller cluster, with the exception of paternal overprotection which is similar to controls. This larger cluster was characterized by low persistence and levels of psychopathology which are intermediate between healthy controls and the smaller cluster. The smaller cluster displayed lower care and higher overcontrol from both parents. It also displays more extreme personality traits (high novelty seeking and harm avoidance, and lower self‐directedness and cooperativeness) and more severe eating and general psychopathology.Different parenting dynamics relate to different personality patterns and eating psychopathology of obese subjects, but not to binge eating conducts. Personality differences between parenting clusters are more extensive than those between BED and non‐BED subgroups. The two different typologies of obese subjects based on parenting may be relevant for treatment personalization. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Characteristics of Occupational Accidents in Korean, Chinese, Japanese and Western Cuisine Restaurants
Authors: Jeong Byung Yong , Shin Dong Seok 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis study aims to provide an analysis of occupational accidents in commercial kitchens by restaurant type. In this research, 1,846 injured persons of restaurant kitchens accidents from 2009 to 2011 have been categorized by Korean, Chinese, Japanese, and Western cuisine restaurants. Also, these data were analyzed in terms of properties of the workplace (size of employment), injured persons (gender, age of injured person, and work experience), and accidents (accident type and agency of accident). The results showed the following patterns by the restaurant types: (1) While accidents at Korean (72.2%), Chinese (80.8%), and Japanese (64.0%) cuisine restaurants occurred mostly in small kitchens with under 5 employees, Western cuisine kitchens of this size had an accident rate of only 39.1%; (2) 30–40% of injured persons had less than 1 year of experience in Korean, Japanese, and Western cooking, whereas in Chinese kitchens, less‐experienced cooks composed a larger portion of patients (56.2%); (3) each cuisine showed different leading types of injuries. Slips and falls for Korean kitchens (29.2%), caught in and between objects for Chinese restaurants kitchens (55.3%), and cuts/amputations/punctures in Japanese and Western restaurants (42.1% and 34.8%, respectively) were the biggest contributors to injuries in each type of restaurant. These findings of accident properties according to restaurant types can be used as baseline data for establishing systemized preventive policies.