bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data Quality in Rare Cancers Registration: The Report of the RARECARE Data Quality Study
Authors: Trama Annalisa , Marcos-Gragera Rafael , Sánchez Pérez Maria Josè , van der Zwan Jan Maarten , Ardanaz Eva , Bouchardy Christine , Melchor Juan Manuel , Martinez Carmen , Capocaccia Riccardo , Vicentini Massimo , Siesling Sabine , Gatta Gemma ,   and the RARECARE working group contributing to the data quality study
Published: October 2016

Purpose Rare cancers represent 22% of all tumors in Europe; however, the quality of the data of rare cancers may not be as good as the quality of data for common cancer. The project surveillance of rare cancers in Europe (RARECARE) had, among others, the objective of assessing rare cancer data quality in population-based cancer registries (CRs). Eight rare cancers were considered: mesothelioma, liver angiosarcoma, sarcomas, tumors of oral cavity, CNS tumors, germ cell tumors, leukemia, and malignant digestive endocrine tumors. Methods We selected data on 18,000 diagnoses and revised, on the basis of the pathologic and clinical reports (but not on pathologic specimens), unspecified morphology and topography codes originally attributed by CR officers and checked the quality of follow-up of long-term survivors of poor prognosis cancers. Results A total of 38 CRs contributed from 13 European countries. The majority of unspecified morphology and topography cases were confirmed as unspecified. The few unspecified cases that, after the review, changed to a more specific diagnosis increased the incidence of the common cancer histotypes. For example, 11% of the oral cavity epithelial cancers were reclassified from unspecified to more specific diagnoses: 8% were reclassified as squamous cell carcinoma (commoner) and only 1% as adenocarcinoma (rarer). The revision confirmed the majority of long-term survivors revealing a relative high proportion of mesothelioma long-term survivors. The majority of appendix carcinoids changed behavior from malignant to borderline lesions. Conclusions Our study suggests that the problem of poorly specified morphology and topography cases is mainly one of difficulty in reaching a precise diagnosis. The awareness of the importance of data quality for rare cancers should increase among registrars, pathologists, and clinicians.
Vestibular Schwannomas Treated with Cyberknife®: Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Jumeau Raphaël , Bondiau Pierre-Yves , Parietti-Winkler Cécile , Salleron Julia , Civit Thierry , Peiffert Didier , Bernier-Chastagner Valérie 
Published: October 2016

Purpose Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSR) is a recognized treatment for vestibular schwannomas (VS). This study's aim is to present clinical outcomes and local control (LC) results for patients with VS treated with FSR using the Cyberknife® (CK) in 2 French cancer centers. Methods Patients treated with FSR for VS between 2007 and 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Local control was determined using follow-up MRI. The hearing preservation (HP) rate was determined by analyzing pretreatment and posttreatment audiograms. Results Forty patients were treated for VS with the CK in both centers. The mean maximal VS dimension was 18.3 mm (range 3–30). The median follow-up was 36 months and the LC was 97% at 3 years of follow-up and 89% after 5 years. The HP rate was 83% and no facial nerve impairment was reported. Conclusions Our results in terms of LC and HP rate are congruent with similar studies that use the CK to treat VS. It appears that the CK is safe and efficient in VS management even for large lesions. Further studies with larger cohorts are warranted.
3D Vision Improves Outcomes in Early Cervical Cancer Treated with Laparoscopic Type B Radical Hysterectomy and Pelvic Lymphadenectomy
Authors: Raspagliesi Francesco , Bogani Giorgio , Martinelli Fabio , Signorelli Mauro , Scaffa Cono , Sabatucci Ilaria , Lorusso Domenica , Ditto Antonino 
Published: October 2016

Purpose To evaluate the alterations on surgical outcomes after of the implementation of 3D laparoscopic technology for the surgical treatment of early-stage cervical carcinoma. Methods Data of patients undergoing type B radical hysterectomy (with or without bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy) and pelvic lymphadenectomy via 3D laparoscopy were compared with a historical cohort of patients undergoing type B radical hysterectomy via conventional laparoscopy. Complications (within 60 days) were graded per the Accordion severity system. Results Data of 75 patients were studied: 15 (20%) and 60 (80%) patients undergoing surgery via 3D laparoscopy and conventional laparoscopy, respectively. Baseline patient characteristics as well as pathologic findings were similar between groups (p>0.1). Patients undergoing 3D laparoscopy experienced a trend toward shorter operative time than patients undergoing conventional laparoscopy (176.7 ± 74.6 vs 215.9 ± 61.6 minutes; p = 0.09). Similarly, patients undergoing 3D laparoscopic radical hysterectomy experienced shorter length of hospital stay (2 days, range 2-6, vs 4 days, range 3-11; p<0.001) in comparison to patients in the control group, while no difference in estimated blood loss was observed (p = 0.88). No between-group difference in complication rate was observed. Conclusions 3D technology is a safe and effective way to perform type B radical hysterectomy and pelvic node dissection in early-stage cervical cancer. Further large prospective studies are warranted in order to assess the cost-effectiveness of the introduction of 3D technology in comparison to robotic assisted surgery.
Episodic memory of odors stratifies Alzheimer biomarkers in normal elderly
Authors: Dhilla Albers Alefiya , Asafu‐Adjei Josephine , Delaney Mary K. , Kelly Kathleen E. , Gomez‐Isla Teresa , Blacker Deborah , Johnson Keith A. , Sperling Reisa A. , Hyman Bradley T. , Betensky Rebecca A. , Hastings Lloyd , Albers Mark W. 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to relate a novel test of identifying and recalling odor percepts to biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in well‐characterized elderly individuals, ranging from cognitively normal to demented.MethodsOne hundred eighty‐three participants (cognitively normal: n = 70; subjective cognitive concerns: n = 74; mild cognitive impairment [MCI]: n = 29, AD dementia: n = 10) were administered novel olfactory tests: the Odor Percept IDentification (OPID) and the Percepts of Odor Episodic Memory (POEM) tests. Univariate cross‐sectional analyses of performance across diagnoses; logistic regression modeling, including covariates of age, sex, education,APOEgenotype, and neuropsychological test scores; and linear mixed modeling of longitudinal cognitive scores were performed. Amyloid deposition and MRI volumetrics were analyzed in a subset of participants.ResultsAccuracy of identification and episodic memory of odor percepts differed significantly across diagnosis and age, with progressively worse performance across degrees of impairment. Among the participants who were cognitively normal or had subjective cognitive concerns, poorer than expected performance on the POEM test (based on the same individual's performance on the OPID and odor discrimination tests) was associated with higher frequencies of theAPOEε4 allele, thinner entorhinal cortices, and worse longitudinal trajectory of Logical Memory scores.InterpretationSelective impairment of episodic memory of odor percepts, relative to identification and discrimination of odor percepts revealed by this novel POEM battery, is associated with biomarkers of AD in a well‐characterized pre‐MCI population. These affordable, noninvasive olfactory tests offer potential to identify clinically normal individuals who have greater likelihood of future cognitive decline. Ann Neurol 2016;80:846–857
Multivalency Effects on the Immobilization of Sucrose Phosphorylase in Flow Microchannels and Their Use in the Development of a High‐Performance Biocatalytic Microreactor
Authors: Valikhani Donya , Bolivar Juan M. , Pfeiffer Martin , Nidetzky Bernd 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMicrostructured reactors are emerging engineering tools for the development of biocatalytic conversions in continuous flow. A promising layout involves flow microchannels that are wall‐coated with enzyme. As protein immobilization within closed microstructures is challenging, we suggested a confluent design of enzyme and microreactor: fusion to the silica‐binding module Zbasic2 is used to engineer enzymes for high‐affinity oriented attachment to the plain wall surface of glass microchannels. In this study of sucrose phosphorylase, we examined the effects of multiple Zbasic2 modules in a single enzyme molecule on the activity and adsorption stability of the phosphorylase immobilized in a glass microchannel reactor. Compared to the “monovalent” enzyme, two Zbasic2 modules, present in tandem repeat at the N‐terminus, separated at the N‐ and C‐terminus of an enzyme monomer, or arranged N‐terminally in a protein homodimer, boosted the effectiveness of the immobilized phosphorylase by up to twofold. They attenuated (up to 12‐fold) the elution of the wall‐coated enzyme during continuous reactor operation. The divalent phosphorylase was distributed uniformly on the microchannel surface and approximately 70 % activity could still be retained after 690 reactor cycles. Reaction–diffusion regime analysis in terms of the second Damköhler number (DaII≤0.02) revealed the absence of mass transport limitations on the conversion rate. The synthesis of α‐d‐glucose 1‐phosphate occurred with a productivity of ∼14 mm min−1 at 50 % substrate conversion (50 mm). The use of wall‐coated enzyme microreactors in high‐performance biocatalytic reaction engineering is supported strongly.
Further Time Regularity for Nonlocal, Fully Nonlinear Parabolic Equations
Authors: Chang‐Lara Héctor A. , Kriventsov Dennis 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe establish Hölder estimates for the time derivative of solutions of nonlocal parabolic equations under mild assumptions for the boundary data. As a consequence we are able to extend the Evans‐Krylov estimate for rough kernels to parabolic equations. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis, characterization, and molecular structures of Ni(II) and Cd(II) complexes derived from dithiophosphonate
Authors: Banaei Alireza , Saadat Afshin , Mohammad Goli Mina , McArdle Patrick , Pourbasheer Eslam , Pargolghasemi Parinaz 
Published: October 2016

AbstractTwo novel dithiophosphonate ligands, HS2P(p‐C6H4OMe)(OCH2CH2CH(CH3)2) (1) and HS2P(p‐C6H4OMe)(OCH(CH3)2) (2), were synthesized and characterized by multinuclear (1H, 31P, and 13C) NMR, infrared spectroscopy as well as elemental analysis. The reactions of 1 and 2 with NiCl2·6H2O and Cd(NO3)2·4H2O in methanol led to novel complexes 3 and 4. The single crystal X‐ray structures of 3 and 4 showed tetracoordinated structure with square planar geometry for the nickel complex, while it showed pentacoordinated structure with distorted square‐pyramid environment for the cadmium complex.
Estimation of land surface evapotranspiration over complex terrain based on multi‐spectral remote sensing data
Authors: Liu Xingran , Shen Yanjun , Li Hongjun , Guo Ying , Pei Hongwei , Dong Wei 
Published: October 2016

AbstractLand surface evapotranspiration (ET) plays an important role in energy and water balances. ET can significantly affect the runoff yield of a basin and the available water resources in mountainous areas. The existing models to estimate ET are typically applicable to plains, and excessive data are required to calculate the surface fluxes accurately. This study established a simple and practical model capable of depicting the surface fluxes, while using relatively less parameters. Considering the complex terrain, solar radiation was corrected by importing a series of topographic factors. The water deficit index, a measure of land surface wetness, was calculated by applying the fc (vegetation fractional cover)‐Trad (land surface temperature) framework in the two‐source trapezoid model for evapotranspiration model to mountainous areas after corrections of temperature based on altitude variations. The model was successfully applied to the Kaidu River Basin, a basin with few gauges located in the east Tien Shan Mountains of China. Based on the time scale extensions, ET was analyzed at different time scales from 2000 to 2013. The results demonstrated that the corrected solar radiation and water deficit index were reasonably distributed in space and that this model is applicable to ungauged catchments, such as the Kaidu River Basin.
Disposition of intravenously or orally administered silver nanoparticles in pregnant rats and the effect on the biochemical profile in urine
Authors: Fennell Timothy R. , Mortensen Ninell P. , Black Sherry R. , Snyder Rodney W. , Levine Keith E. , Poitras Eric , Harrington James M. , Wingard Christopher J. , Holland Nathan A. , Pathmasiri Wimal , Sumner Susan C. J. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFew investigations have been conducted on the disposition and fate of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) in pregnancy. The distribution of a single dose of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)‐stabilized AgNP was investigated in pregnant rats. Two sizes of AgNP, 20 and 110 nm, and silver acetate (AgAc) were used to investigate the role of AgNP diameter and particle dissolution in tissue distribution, internal dose and persistence. Dams were administered AgNP or AgAc intravenously (i.v.) (1 mg kg−1) or by gavage (p.o.) (10 mg kg−1), or vehicle alone, on gestation day 18 and euthanized at 24 or 48 h post‐exposure. The silver concentration in tissues was measured using inductively‐coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The distribution of silver in dams was influenced by route of administration and AgNP size. The highest concentration of silver (μg Ag g−1 tissue) at 48 h was found in the spleen for i.v. administered AgNP, and in the lungs for AgAc. At 48 h after p.o. administration of AgNP, the highest concentration was measured in the cecum and large intestine, and for AgAc in the placenta. Silver was detected in placenta and fetuses for all groups. Markers of cardiovascular injury, oxidative stress marker, cytokines and chemokines were not significantly elevated in exposed dams compared to vehicle‐dosed control. NMR metabolomics analysis of urine indicated that AgNP and AgAc exposure impact the carbohydrate, and amino acid metabolism. This study demonstrates that silver crosses the placenta and is transferred to the fetus regardless of the form of silver. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Human influences on regional temperature change – comparing adjacent plains of China and Russia
Authors: Du Haibo , He Hong S. , Wu Zhengfang , Wang Lei , Zong Shengwei , Liu Jie 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTLand‐use and land‐cover change (LUCC, such as the conversion of natural landscape to agricultural land) and human activities (HAs) are the most important human influences (HIs) on regional climate. Studying such influences is fundamental to understanding anthropogenic climate change. Our objectives were to quantify contributions of HI on regional temperature change and demonstrate that HI may cause abrupt climate change. We quantified the contribution of HI on regional temperature by comparing the seasonal temperature changes between a human‐dominated plain and an adjoining natural plain using the daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) temperature data from 12 meteorological stations. We quantified the contribution of HA on regional temperature change using winter weather data because snow cover in both plains masked the effects of LUCC. HI caused decreases in Tmax and increases in Tmin, and an increase in mean temperature. HA contributed to the reduction in the diurnal temperature range, whereas LUCC caused an increase in the range. The abrupt temperature change was in accord with the abrupt changes in agricultural land area and population. The HI led to an abrupt change in Tmax 3 years earlier (1985) than the recognized abrupt climate change in the Northern Hemisphere (1988). The synthetic effects of HI (LUCC and HA) evidently altered the change trends and accelerated abrupt changes in regional temperature, which affected the regional climate. Our findings can elucidate regional climate patterns and improve the accuracy of downscaling general circulation models.
Prevalence of Convergence Insufficiency in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Irving Elizabeth L. , Chriqui Estefania , Law Caroline , Kergoat Marie‐Jeanne , Leclerc Bernard‐Simon , Panisset Michel , Postuma Ronald , Kergoat Hélène 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundWe recently reported that convergence insufficiency (CI)‐type visual symptomatology was more prevalent in participants with Parkinson's disease (PD), compared to controls. The objective of this work was to determine the prevalence of a confirmed clinical diagnosis of CI in PD, compared to controls.MethodsParticipants with (n = 80) and without (n = 80) PD were recruited and received an eye exam. Published criteria were used to arrive at a clinical diagnosis of CI. The Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS‐15) questionnaire was administered to each participant, with a score of ≥21 being considered positive for CI symptomatology. Student t test, chi‐square, or nonparametric tests at the 0.05 level were used for statistical significance.ResultsA total of 43.8% of participants with versus 16.3% without PD had a clinical diagnosis of CI (P ≤ 0.001). A total of 53.8% of participants with versus 18.8% without PD had scores on the CISS‐15 of ≥21 (P ≤ 0.001).ConclusionsThese results indicate that individuals with PD have a higher prevalence of CI and CI symptomatology than controls. These data provide evidence supporting the notion that treatment for symptomatic CI should be investigated in individuals with PD.
Polymerization of mono‐, Di‐, and trichloroethyl methacrylates: A study in chain transfer
Authors: Snow Arthur W. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTBulk free radical polymerization of the monomer series CH2 = C(CH3)C(O)OCH2CH3‐nCln, n = 1, 2, 3, yields an unexpectedly crosslinked product with a crosslink density that increases with decreasing chlorine content of the respective monomer (n = 3 < n = 2 < n = 1). This chlorine substituent effect is investigated by correlation with chain transfer constant measurements for four homologous series of chloroalkyl compounds (chloroethyl acetates (CH3C(O)OCH2CH3‐nCln, n = 1,2,3); chloromethanes (CH4‐nCln, n = 2,3,4) and CD2Cl2 and CDCl3 analogs; butyl chloride isomers (n‐, iso‐, sec‐, tert‐) and tert‐C4D9Cl analog; and nine chloroethanes (C2Hn−6Cln, n = 1–6)) in a methyl methacrylate polymerization. The pattern conveyed by the magnitude of chain transfer constants and deuterium isotope effects is consistent with a vicinal chlorine effect (i.e., chlorine activation of a vicinal hydrogen for abstraction) to account for the relative activities of the four series of model compounds and for the propensity of the chloroethyl methacrylates to crosslink in a bulk free radical polymerization. The chloroalkyl moiety's contribution to chain transfer is relatively modest (≤10−4), but, when incorporated as a monomer pendant group in free radical polymerizations, it is effective in broadening molecular weight to the extent of resulting in a crosslinked polymer. Published 2016.† J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 93–106
Cada vez aprendo más y más de menos y menos. ¿Cómo avanzar en la banda sinfín educativa?
Authors: Sánchez-Mendiola Melchor 
Published: October 2016

Los gremios y agrupaciones profesionales de médicos, enfermeras y otros elementos del equipo de salud han generado en el último siglo una gran cantidad de incentivos (tanto negativos como positivos) para asistir a congresos y eventos académicos dedicados a presentar los «conceptos actuales» y el «estado del arte» de sus respectivas áreas, como cardiología, medicina crítica, pediatría, entre muchas otras.
Adenoidectomy can improve obstructive sleep apnoea in young children: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Reckley L K , Song S A , Chang E T , Cable B B , Certal V , Camacho M 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObjective:To systematically search for studies reporting outcomes for adenoidectomy alone as a treatment for paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea and use the data to perform a meta-analysis.Methods:Nine databases, including PubMed and Medline, were systematically searched through to 1 April 2016. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement was followed.Results:A total of 1032 articles were screened and 126 full texts were reviewed. Three paediatric studies (47 patients) reported outcomes. Overall, apnoea–hypopnoea index values decreased from 18.1 ± 16.8 to 3.1 ± 5.5 events per hour (28 patients). Random-effects modelling demonstrated a mean difference of −14.43 events per hour (I2 = 23 per cent (low inconsistency)). The apnoea–hypopnoea index standardised mean difference was −1.14 (large magnitude of effect). The largest reduction in apnoea–hypopnoea index was observed in children aged less than 12 months (reduction of 56.6−94.9 per cent). Lowest oxygen saturation values improved from 80.0 ± 9.5 to 85.5 ± 6.0 per cent (13 children).Conclusion:Adenoidectomy alone has improved obstructive sleep apnoea in children, especially in those aged less than 12 months; however, given the low number of studies, isolated adenoidectomy remains an area for additional research.
Summer time predation on the obligatory off-host stage of an invasive ectoparasite
Authors: KAUNISTO SIRPA , RAUNISMAA ILKKA , KORTET RAINE , YLÖNEN HANNU 
Published: October 2016

SUMMARYPredation can regulate populations and strongly affect invasion success of novel prey. The deer ked (Lipoptena cervi; Linnaeus 1758) is an invasive ectoparasite of cervids that spends a long period of its life cycle outside the host. Prior to this study, virtually nothing was known about natural summer time predation on the deer ked. We aimed to evaluate the magnitude of summer time predation onL. cervipupae in different habitats and to identify potential predators. We conducted a set of field experiments, where we exposedL. cervipupae to various ground-dwelling vertebrate and invertebrate predators. The loss of pupae was monitored for different predator guilds. Three habitats of the moose, the main host species, were studied: (1) moist heath forest; (2) dry, logged heath forest; and (3) moist meadow. The results indicate notable summer time predation onL. cervipupae, and the pupal predation varied within and between habitats, being lowest in the meadow habitat. We found a positive correlation between pupal loss and abundance of the common lizard (Zootoca vivipara), harvestmen (Opiliones), ground spiders (Gnaphosidae) and Formicinae-ants. We conclude that summer time predation during the pupal phase can have a notable local importance for theL. cerviabundance.
Interplay between evanescence and disorder in deep subwavelength photonic structures
Authors: Herzig Sheinfux Hanan , Kaminer Ido , Genack Azriel Z. , Segev Mordechai 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDeep subwavelength features are expected to have minimal impact on wave transport. Here we show that in contrast to this common understanding, disorder can have a dramatic effect in a one-dimensional disordered optical system with spatial features a thousand times smaller than the wavelength. We examine a unique regime of Anderson localization where the localization length is shown to scale linearly with the wavelength instead of diverging, because of the role of evanescent waves. In addition, we demonstrate an unusual order of magnitude enhancement of transmission induced due to localization. These results are described for electromagnetic waves, but are directly relevant to other wave systems such as electrons in multi-quantum-well structures.