bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cycladic figurines
Authors: Papadimitriou Nikos 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Cycladic figurines were marble statuettes produced in the islands of the Cyclades in the third millennium
bce
. They depict mostly nude females and are widely thought to represent fertility deities, although other interpretations are also proposed. Carved in highly abstract styles, they became very popular among twentieth‐century modernist artists and also among looters. They have been found in tombs, settlements, and in an extraordinary deposit on the island of Keros, which contained hundreds of broken figurines and may have been the site of a prehistoric sanctuary.
Francavilla Marittima
Authors: Donnellan Lieve 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Francavilla Marittima is a Middle Bronze Age and Early Iron Age site located in Calabria, southern Italy. It is particularly important for the study of encounters between native Oinotrians and Greek and Phoenician colonists in the Early Iron Age, and stands out for its distinct hybrid pottery production and temple architecture. Its late eighth‐century
bce
wooden temple is unique for the history of ancient architecture.
Liman Tepe
Authors: Kelder Jorrit M. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Liman Tepe is a settlement hill on the Anatolian west coast, close to modern‐day Izmir. The site was of special importance during the Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age, when it was a major hub for maritime trade, but remained inhabited until the Classical period, when it was known as Clazomenae.
Medicine, Hittite
Authors: Beckman Gary 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Owing to a paucity of relevant sources, we know rather little about Hittite medical practice, but it is clear that native therapies relied as much on magic as upon what moderns would recognize as medicine. Practitioners from Babylonia and Egypt, whose expertise was acknowledged to be superior to that of local physicians, were welcome at the Hittite court.
Althiburos
Authors: Cordovana Orietta Dora 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Althiburos was a flourishing settlement in north‐central Tunisia. Apart from its economic importance in agricultural production and trade, it provides evidence of relations at different levels among Punic, Numidian, and Roman elements. Thus it is a valuable case study for understanding the dynamics of cultural exchange in North Africa under the Roman Empire. The town was granted of the legal status of
municipium
by the emperor Hadrian probably in 128
ce
. The urban area developed especially during the second century
ce
, when it was monumentalized by fine public buildings and wealthy private houses.
Rostovtzeff, Michael I. (1870–1952)
Authors: Meyer Caspar 
Published: June 2016

AbstractRostovtzeff is mostly known for his seminal books on the social and economic history of the Roman Empire and the Hellenistic world, written in the United States after escaping the Bolshevik Revolution in his native Russia. Owing to his stress on “middle‐class” merchants, industrialists, and bankers as the backbone of ancient civilization, his work became embroiled in the controversy on the nature of the ancient economy. This debate, now considered increasingly fruitless, has overshadowed the colossal contributions Rostovtzeff made to the study of ancient wall‐painting, Scythian animal art, and central Asian archaeology, and the potential these subjects hold out for understanding processes of cultural interaction and fusion.
Sybrita
Authors: Antoniadis Vyron 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

At the end of the Bronze Age, a defensive and most probably a refuge settlement was established on the summit of the Kephala hill in the Amari valley. It remained occupied throughout the Early Iron Age until a new settlement developed on the southeastern slopes of Kephala in the seventh century
bce
. This new site, Sybrita, became the most important polis in the Amari valley during the Archaic and Classical periods and flourished especially in the Hellenistic and Roman times.
Arzawa
Authors: Bryce Trevor R. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

“Arzawa” was the term applied in Hittite texts to a number of lands in western and southwestern Anatolia during the Middle and Late Bronze Ages. These lands were frequently at war with the Hittites, and although they were eventually reduced to Hittite vassal status, they remained volatile and unreliable subjects until the end of the Hittite empire (early twelfth century
bce
). Their populations contained a substantial Indo‐European population, consisting of Luwian and perhaps also Proto‐Carian elements, intermixed with earlier, non‐Indo‐European population groups.
Exegetai
Authors: Guía Miriam Valdés 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

The
exegetai
were, in Athens, the interpreters of the “sacred laws and ancestral customs” (
patria kai hiera
), offering their advice on various matters such as purification rituals after homicides, as well as in funerary rites. These specialists are first described in detail by Plato, though the exegetic tradition of the “unwritten laws” probably originates during the Archaic period. There are three types of (known)
exegetai
: the
pythochrestoi
, the Eumolpid
exegetai
, and the Eupatrid
exegetai
.
Ahiram of Byblos
Authors: Vacek Alexander 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Ahiram was the father of Ittobaal, king of Byblos. Both are mentioned in an inscription carved on a sarcophagus discovered in tomb V in the royal necropolis of Byblos in 1923, but only Ittobaal is designated as king. The date of the monument is disputed and the current evidence suggests that Ahiram lived between 1300 and 1000
bce
. His inscribed sarcophagus is the most important artistic monument of Early Iron Age Phoenicia.
Calama (Guelma, Algeria)
Authors: Ikherbane Mohand‐Akli 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Calama (modern Guelma) is a Numidian and Roman city in northeastern Algeria. It lay in the Roman province of Africa Proconsularis. Libyo‐Phoenician stelae and titulature attest Punic origins of the city. Christian politics in Calama are discussed by Augustine, whose friend Possidius was bishop there in the early fifth century. Surviving archaeological remains include a theater, baths, and a Late Antique wall.
Factio
(Roman Republic)
Authors: Tatum W. J. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Factio
, in Roman usage, is ordinarily a pejorative word referring to political cooperation aimed at unsavory purposes. It is never used by the Romans in referring neutrally to any recognized political alliance which engaged in an appropriate contest for leadership in the state. Modern historians of Rome not infrequently employ the word otherwise, as if
factio
were a Latin equivalent of
faction
.
Megasthenes of Chalkis
Authors: Donnellan Lieve 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Megasthenes was an aristocrat from Chalkis in Euboea, who founded Cumae (Kyme), a Greek apoikia (colony) in Southern Italy. Megasthenes was oikistes (founder) together with Hippokles of Kyme in Aeolia. Together, they are the earliest known oikistai from the Greek world.
Is There an Association Between a History of Running and Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis? A Cross‐Sectional Study From the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Authors: Lo Grace H. , Driban Jeffrey B. , Kriska Andrea M. , McAlindon Timothy E. , Souza Richard B. , Petersen Nancy J. , Storti Kristi L. , Eaton Charles B. , Hochberg Marc C. , Jackson Rebecca D. , Kent Kwoh C. , Nevitt Michael C. , Suarez‐Almazor Maria E. 
Published: June 2016

ObjectiveRegular physical activity, including running, is recommended based on known cardiovascular and mortality benefits. However, controversy exists regarding whether running can be harmful to knees. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship of running with knee pain, radiographic osteoarthritis (OA), and symptomatic OA.MethodsThis was a retrospective cross‐sectional study of Osteoarthritis Initiative participants (2004–2014) with knee radiograph readings, symptom assessments, and completed lifetime physical activity surveys. Using logistic regression, we evaluated the association of history of leisure running with the outcomes of frequent knee pain, radiographic OA, and symptomatic OA. Symptomatic OA required at least 1 knee with both radiographic OA and pain.ResultsOf 2,637 participants, 55.8% were female, the mean ± SD age was 64.3 ± 8.9 years, and the mean ± SD body mass index was 28.5 ± 4.9 kg/m2; 29.5% of these participants ran at some time in their lives. Unadjusted odds ratios of pain, radiographic OA, and symptomatic OA for those prior runners and current runners compared to those who never ran were 0.83 and 0.71 (P for trend = 0.002), 0.83 and 0.78 (P for trend = 0.01), and 0.81 and 0.64 (P for trend = 0.0006), respectively. Adjusted models were similar, except radiographic OA results were attenuated.ConclusionThere is no increased risk of symptomatic knee OA among self‐selected runners compared with nonrunners in a cohort recruited from the community. In those without OA, running does not appear to be detrimental to the knees.
Obesity Trends Among US Adults With Doctor‐Diagnosed Arthritis 2009–2014
Authors: Barbour Kamil E. , Helmick Charles G. , Boring Michael , Qin Jin , Pan Liping , Hootman Jennifer M. 
Published: June 2016

ObjectiveArthritis and obesity are common co‐occurring conditions that can increase disability and the risk of adverse outcomes (e.g., total knee replacement).MethodsWe estimated recent obesity trends among adults with arthritis from 2009 to 2014, overall and by various sociodemographic and health characteristics using data from National Health Interview Survey, an ongoing, nationally representative, in‐person household self‐reported survey of the noninstitutionalized civilian US. A secondary aim was to examine the distribution of body mass index categories among adults with and without arthritis.ResultsObesity prevalence did not change significantly over time among middle‐aged and younger adults with doctor‐diagnosed arthritis either overall (P = 0.925 for both groups) or by demographic and health characteristics. Among older adults with doctor‐diagnosed arthritis, the unadjusted obesity prevalence was 29.4% in 2009 and 34.3% in 2014; after adjusting for all demographic and health characteristics, there was a significant relative increase in obesity prevalence (15% [95% confidence interval 6–25]) and over time (P = 0.001). The age‐standardized prevalence of obesity and the obesity subclasses I, II, and III among adults with doctor‐diagnosed arthritis (compared with adults without doctor‐diagnosed arthritis) was 40.3% versus 26.3%, 20.1% versus 16.4%, 10.4% versus 6.2%, and 9.8% versus 3.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for all 4 comparisons).ConclusionObesity increased significantly over time among older adults with arthritis and remains high when compared with adults without arthritis. A greater dissemination of interventions focused on physical activity and diet are needed in order to reduce adverse outcomes associated with obesity and arthritis.
A Directly Fused Subporphyrin Dimer with a Wavelike Structure
Authors: Okuda Yasuhiro , Tsurumaki Eiji , Oh Juwon , Sung Jooyoung , Kim Dongho , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: June 2016

Abstract[Ni(cod)2]‐mediated intramolecular reductive coupling of β–β′ linked meso,meso′‐dibromosubporphyrin dimer gave the anti‐isomer of meso–meso′, β–β′ doubly linked subporphyrin dimer as the first example of a fused subporphyrin dimer. The fused dimer 3anti displays an wavelike coplanar structure, a perturbed and red‐shifted absorption spectrum, reversible redox behaviors with a decreased electrochemical HOMO–LUMO band gap, and a short S1‐state lifetime owing to the delocalized π‐electronic network.
Evaluation of viscosity and printing quality of chitosan‐based flexographic inks: The effect of chitosan molecular weight
Authors: Wang Hongxia , Guo Ting , Li Houbin 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTInks composed of renewable resources are important for the environment protection. We report preparation of a new type of edible chitosan‐based flexographic ink. The performance of three inks, containing three different molecular weight (MW) chitosan, was analyzed by the different experimental techniques. The Ink viscosity was investigated from the parameters shear rate, time, temperature, and flexographic printing simulation. The printing quality on coated paper was studied by the scratch resistance, contact angle, print fastness, chromatic aberration, and dot gain. Viscosity recovery rate reached 69% after 6 s, and the print fastness was up to 91%. The experimental ΔE is 0.97, the dot gain is 23%, and contact angle is 69° for the best ink. Experimental results indicate that the developed ink is suitable for the flexographic printing with good application prospects. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43997.
Epigenetic Signatures of Salivary Gland Inflammation in Sjögren's Syndrome
Authors: Cole Michael B. , Quach Hong , Quach Diana , Baker Alice , Taylor Kimberly E. , Barcellos Lisa F. , Criswell Lindsey A. 
Published: June 2016

ObjectiveSjögren's syndrome (SS) is a complex multisystem autoimmune disease that results in progressive destruction of the exocrine glands. The purpose of this study was to characterize epigenetic changes in affected gland tissue and describe the relationship of these changes to known inflammatory processes.MethodsA genome‐wide DNA methylation study was performed on human labial salivary gland (LSG) biopsy samples obtained from 28 female members of the Sjögren's International Collaborative Clinical Alliance (SICCA) Registry. Gland tissue was methylotyped using the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip platform, followed by rigorous probe‐filtering and data‐normalization procedures.ResultsA genome‐wide case–control study of 26 of the 28 subjects revealed 7,820 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) associated with disease status, including 5,699 hypomethylated and 2,121 hypermethylated DMPs. Further analysis identified 57 genes that were enriched for DMPs in their respective promoters; many are involved in immune response, including 2 previously established SS genetic risk loci. Bioinformatics analysis highlighted an extended region of hypomethylation surrounding PSMB8 and TAP1, consistent with an increased frequency of antigen‐presenting cells in LSG tissue from the SS cases. Transcription factor motif enrichment analysis revealed the specific nature of the genome‐wide methylation differences, demonstrating colocalization of SS‐associated DMPs with stress‐ and immune response–related motifs.ConclusionOur findings underscore the utility of CpG methylotyping as an independent probe of active disease processes in SS, offering unique insights into the composition of disease‐relevant tissue. Methylation profiling implicated several genes and pathways previously thought to be involved in disease‐related processes, as well as a number of new candidates.
Inositol, neural tube closure and the prevention of neural tube defects
Authors: Greene Nicholas D.E. , Leung Kit‐Yi , Copp Andrew J. 
Published: June 2016

Susceptibility to neural tube defects (NTDs), such as anencephaly and spina bifida is influenced by genetic and environmental factors including maternal nutrition. Maternal periconceptional supplementation with folic acid significantly reduces the risk of an NTD‐affected pregnancy, but does not prevent all NTDs, and “folic acid non‐responsive” NTDs continue to occur. Similarly, among mouse models of NTDs, some are responsive to folic acid but others are not.Among nutritional factors, inositol deficiency causes cranial NTDs in mice while supplemental inositol prevents spinal and cranial NTDs in the curly tail (Grhl3 hypomorph) mouse, rodent models of hyperglycemia or induced diabetes, and in a folate‐deficiency induced NTD model. NTDs also occur in mice lacking expression of certain inositol kinases. Inositol‐containing phospholipids (phosphoinositides) and soluble inositol phosphates mediate a range of functions, including intracellular signaling, interaction with cytoskeletal proteins, and regulation of membrane identity in trafficking and cell division.Myo‐inositol has been trialed in humans for a range of conditions and appears safe for use in human pregnancy. In pilot studies in Italy and the United Kingdom, women took inositol together with folic acid preconceptionally, after one or more previous NTD‐affected pregnancies. In nonrandomized cohorts and a randomized double‐blind study in the United Kingdom, no recurrent NTDs were observed among 52 pregnancies reported to date.Larger‐scale fully powered trials are needed to determine whether supplementation with inositol and folic acid would more effectively prevent NTDs than folic acid alone. Birth Defects Research 109:68–80, 2017. © 2016 The Authors Birth Defects Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
National trends and regional variation in immediate breast reconstruction rates
Authors: Jeevan R , Mennie J C , Mohanna P N , O'Donoghue J M , Rainsbury R M , Cromwell D A 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Background
Previous studies have identified variation in immediate reconstruction (IR) rates following mastectomy for breast cancer across English regions during a period of service reorganization, a national audit and changing guidelines. This study analysed current variations in regional rates of IR in England.

Methods
Patient-level data from Hospital Episode Statistics were used to define a cohort of women who underwent primary mastectomy for invasive or in situ breast carcinoma in English National Health Service (NHS) hospitals between April 2000 and March 2014. A time series of IR rates was calculated nationally and within regions in 28 cancer networks. Regional IR rates before and after the national audit were compared, using logistic regression to adjust for patient demographics, tumour type, co-morbidity and year of mastectomy.

Results
Between 2000 and 2014, a total of 167 343 women had a mastectomy. The national IR rate was stable at around 10 per cent until 2005; it then increased to 23·3 per cent by 2013–2014. Preaudit (before January 2008), adjusted cancer network-level IR rates ranged from 4·3 to 22·6 per cent. Postaudit (after April 2009) adjusted IR rates ranged from 13·1 to 36·7 per cent, with 20 networks having IR rates between 15 and 24 per cent. The degree of change was not greatest amongst those that started with the lowest IR rates, with four networks with the largest absolute increase also starting with relatively high IR rates.

Conclusion
The national IR rate increased throughout the study period. Substantial regional variation remains, although considerable time has elapsed since a period of service reorganization, guideline revision and a national audit.
Locality preserving based data regression and its application for soft sensor modelling
Authors: Miao Aimin , Li Peng , Ye Lingjian 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA new local‐based data regression technique named locality preserving regression (LPR) is developed and applied for soft sensor modelling in the present study. By taking the local variation obtained by locality preserving projections into consideration, the regression algorithm LPR is employed to construct a soft sensor model and applied to industrial case. Furthermore, to deal with the time‐varying behaviour of the process variables, just‐in‐time learning is also integrated to regularly update the soft sensor. Two case studies on a fermentation process for penicillin concentration prediction and the Tennessee Eastman process for output component prediction are provided to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed local‐based technique for soft sensor modelling are assessed and compared with the global‐based soft sensors based on the mean square error and the coefficient of determination. Experimental results showed that the novel soft sensor model could estimate the output with higher accuracy and generalization ability than the general soft sensor based on the global information.
Online monitoring method for multiple operating batch processes based on local collection standardization and multi‐model dynamic PCA
Authors: Wang Yajun , Sun Fuming , Jia Mingxing 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTo handle multiple operations and non‐Gaussian problems which widely exist in complex industry processes, a new online monitoring method for multi‐operation batch processes is proposed by combing local collection standardization and multi‐model dynamic principal component analysis (LCS‐MMDPCA). Since a series of operations are often manually manipulated by operators, in general, the statistics of each batch data do not follow Gaussian distribution, which results in a failure for the construction of a multivariate statistical model. To target multiple operations and non‐Gaussian problems, we first split the complex batch processes into a sequence of stages. Subsequently, the data in each stage are clustered according to the operations. Then, we exploit the Local Collection Standardization (LCS) method to make the data belonging to the same cluster obey Gaussian distribution. At last, we adopt MMDPCA to model the complex industry processes with multiple operations and non‐Gaussian features. Experimental results on fault detection in ladle furnace steelmaking process showed the advantages of the proposed method in comparison to multiway kernel principal component analysis (MKPCA) and multiway dynamic principal component analysis (MDPCA).
Finite element analysis of the effect of medullary contact on fracture healing and remodeling in the intramedullary interlocking nail‐fixed tibia fracture
Authors: Wang Haosen , Hao Zhixiu , Wen Shizhu 
Published: June 2016

SummaryIntramedullary interlocking nail is an effective treatment for tibial diaphyseal fracture. The contact between medullary rod and diaphyseal cortex is able to enhance fracture stability. However, how and to what degree the contact affects fracture healing and subsequent bone remodeling is still unclear. To investigate this, fracture healing and remodeling algorithms were combined, improved, and used to simulate the healing and remodeling processes in a transverse tibial diaphyseal fracture fixed with an intramedullary interlocking nail device. Two different diaphyseal fracture statuses, three different initial loading levels, and two nail materials were considered. The results showed that the medullary contact could significantly enhance the fixation stability; the strain reduction was up to 80% in the initial granulation callus. However, low initial loading level was found to be a more potential risk factor for the insufficient loading‐induced nonunion other than medullary contact and stiffer nail material. Furthermore, the stabilizing effect of medullary contact diminished when stiff bone tissue formed in the callus; thus, the remodeling in the long‐term was not affected by medullary contact. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Unique Vibrational Features as a Direct Probe of Specific Antigen–Antibody Recognition at the Surface of a Solid‐Supported Hybrid Lipid Bilayer
Authors: Lis Dan , Cecchet Francesca 
Published: June 2016

AbstractHere, we demonstrate how sum frequency generation (SFG), a vibrational spectroscopy based on a nonlinear three‐photon mixing process, may provide a direct and unique fingerprint of bio‐recognition; This latter can be detected with an intrinsically discriminating unspecific adsorption, thanks to the high sensitivity of the second‐order nonlinear optical (NLO) response to preferential molecular orientation and symmetry properties. As a proof of concept, we have detected the biological event at the solid/liquid interface of a model bio‐active antigen platform, based on a solid‐supported hybrid lipid bilayer (ss‐HLB) of a 2,4‐dinitrophenyl (DNP) lipid, towards a monoclonal mouse anti‐DNP complementary antibody.