bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of control eating in adolescents from the community
Authors: Schlüter Nora , Schmidt Ricarda , Kittel Rebekka , Tetzlaff Anne , Hilbert Anja 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTObjectiveLoss of control (LOC) eating is a salient indicator of eating disorder psychopathology in adolescents and is associated with marked distress. While research has focused on the relevance of episode size, clinical significance of LOC eating frequency has rarely been explored. Therefore, this study aimed at identifying LOC eating prevalence with respect to its recurrence and associated variables in a community‐based sample.MethodParticipants were 1,643 adolescents, aged 12–20 years (62.4% female). Based on EDE‐Q self‐report, participants were categorized as those reporting recurrent (N = 156; 9.5%), nonrecurrent (N = 226; 13.8%), and no LOC eating (N = 1261; 76.7%).ResultsAdolescents with recurrent LOC eating reported clinically relevant and significantly greater eating disorder psychopathology, functional impairment, and distress because of LOC eating, and a significantly higher body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) than adolescents with nonrecurrent and those without LOC eating.DiscussionThese results underline that LOC eating is a common eating behavior among adolescents in the community associated with clinical characteristics of eating disorders, and could therefore be a risk factor for developing full‐ or partial‐syndrome eating disorders. Further research on the classification of eating disorders in adolescents with LOC eating and severity indicators is warranted. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:413–420).
Effects of ambient noise on detectability and localization of avian songs and tones by observers in grasslands
Authors: Koper Nicola , Leston Lionel , Baker Tyne M. , Curry Claire , Rosa Patricia 
Published: December 2015

AbstractProbability of detection and accuracy of distance estimates in aural avian surveys may be affected by the presence of anthropogenic noise, and this may lead to inaccurate evaluations of the effects of noisy infrastructure on wildlife. We used arrays of speakers broadcasting recordings of grassland bird songs and pure tones to assess the probability of detection, and localization accuracy, by observers at sites with and without noisy oil and gas infrastructure in south‐central Alberta from 2012 to 2014. Probability of detection varied with species and with speaker distance from transect line, but there were few effects of noisy infrastructure. Accuracy of distance estimates for songs and tones decreased as distance to observer increased, and distance estimation error was higher for tones at sites with infrastructure noise. Our results suggest that quiet to moderately loud anthropogenic noise may not mask detection of bird songs; however, errors in distance estimates during aural surveys may lead to inaccurate estimates of avian densities calculated using distance sampling. We recommend caution when applying distance sampling if most birds are unseen, and where ambient noise varies among treatments.
Genotype‐environment associations support a mosaic hybrid zone between two tidal marsh birds
Authors: Walsh Jennifer , Rowe Rebecca J. , Olsen Brian J. , Shriver W. Gregory , Kovach Adrienne I. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractLocal environmental features can shape hybrid zone dynamics when hybrids are bounded by ecotones or when patchily distributed habitat types lead to a corresponding mosaic of genotypes. We investigated the role of marsh‐level characteristics in shaping a hybrid zone between two recently diverged avian taxa – Saltmarsh (Ammodramus caudacutus) and Nelson's (A. nelsoni) sparrows. These species occupy different niches where allopatric, withcaudacutusrestricted to coastal marshes andnelsonifound in a broader array of wetland and grassland habitats and co‐occur in tidal marshes in sympatry. We determined the influence of habitat types on the distribution of pure and hybrid sparrows and assessed the degree of overlap in the ecological niche of each taxon. To do this, we sampled and genotyped 305 sparrows from 34 marshes across the hybrid zone and from adjacent regions. We used linear regression to test for associations between marsh characteristics and the distribution of pure and admixed sparrows. We found a positive correlation between genotype and environmental variables with a patchy distribution of genotypes and habitats across the hybrid zone. Ecological niche models suggest that the hybrid niche was more similar to that ofA. nelsoniand habitat suitability was influenced strongly by distance from coastline. Our results support a mosaic model of hybrid zone maintenance, suggesting a role for local environmental features in shaping the distribution and frequency of pure species and hybrids across space.
Landslide distribution and size in response to Quaternary fault activity: the Peloritani Range, NE Sicily, Italy
Authors: Bucci Francesco , Santangelo Michele , Cardinali Mauro , Fiorucci Federica , Guzzetti Fausto 
Published: December 2015

AbstractLandslides contribute to dismantle active mountain ranges and faults control the location of landslides. Yet, evidence of the long‐term, regional dependency of landslides on active faults is limited. Previous studies focused on the transient effects of earthquakes on slope stability in compressive and transcurrent regimes. Here we show that in the Peloritani range, NE Sicily, Italy, one of the fastest uplifting areas in the Mediterranean, a clear geographical association exists between large bedrock landslides and active normal faults of the Messina Straits graben. By interpreting aerial photographs, we mapped 1590 landslides and sackungs and 626 fault elements and their facets in a 300 km2 area in the eastern part of the range. We used the new landslide and fault information, in combination with prior geological and seismic information, to investigate the association between bedrock landslides and faults. We find that the distribution and abundance of landslides is related to the presence of large active normal faults, and matches the pattern of the local historical seismicity. Landslide material is more abundant along the East Peloritani Fault System where the long‐term activity of the faults, measured by the average yearly geological moment rate, is larger than in the West Peloritani Fault System where landslides are less abundant. Along the fault systems landslide material concentrates where the cumulated fault throws are largest. We conclude that large landslides and their cumulated volume are sensitive to local rates of tectonic deformation, and discriminate the deformation of the single fault segments that dissect the Peloritani range. Our findings are a direct test of landscape evolution models that predict higher rates of landslide activity near active faults. Our work opens up the possibility of exploiting accurate landslide and fault maps, in combination with geological and seismic information, to characterize the long‐term seismic history of poorly instrumented active regions. © 2015 The Authors Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Cloud‐aware power control for real‐time application offloading in mobile edge computing
Authors: Mach P. , Becvar Z. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractRunning computationally demanding real‐time applications at the mobile user equipment (UE) is complicated because of limited battery life time of the UEs. One solution is to offload demanding computing tasks to a centralized cloud. Nevertheless, this option introduces significant delay consisting in delivery of the offloaded tasks to the cloud and back. Such delay is inconvenient for real‐time applications. To cope with high delay, a concept of mobile edge computing has been introduced. The feasible way enabling mobile edge computing is to enhance the small cell base stations (SCeNBs) with computing capabilities. However, a high density of the SCeNBs together with even low mobility of users can result in often outage situation or handover when delay sensitive data cannot be delivered from the computing SCeNBs in time and become irrelevant. In this paper, we propose distributed cloud‐aware power control algorithm, which targets to increase the ratio of delivery of computation results to the UE within required delay. Then, we enhance cloud‐aware power control by adaptive algorithm. This algorithm exploits iterative process to find appropriate time when the power control is triggered in order to further improve the performance of the cloud‐aware power control. The simulations demonstrate notable increase in the ratio of delivered offloaded tasks from the computing SCeNBs comparing with competitive schemes. At the same time, the amount of served data to the users exploiting common, non‐cloud, services is increased. As the proposed solution is distributed, related signaling overhead is negligible. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cervical lymph node metastases from remote primary tumor sites
Authors: López Fernando , Rodrigo Juan P. , Silver Carl E. , Haigentz Missak , Bishop Justin A. , Strojan Primož , Hartl Dana M. , Bradley Patrick J. , Mendenhall William M. , Suárez Carlos , Takes Robert P. , Hamoir Marc , Robbins K. Thomas , Shaha Ashok R. , Werner Jochen A. , Rinaldo Alessandra , Ferlito Alfio 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAlthough most malignant lymphadenopathy in the neck represent lymphomas or metastases from head and neck primary tumors, occasionally, metastatic disease from remote, usually infraclavicular, sites presents as cervical lymphadenopathy with or without an obvious primary tumor. In general, these tumors metastasize to supraclavicular lymph nodes, but occasionally may present at an isolated higher neck level. A search for the primary tumor includes information gained by histology, immunohistochemistry, and evaluation of molecular markers that may be unique to the primary tumor site. In addition, 18F‐fluoro‐2‐deoxyglocose positron emission tomography combined with CT (FDG‐PET/CT) has greatly improved the ability to detect the location of an unknown primary tumor, particularly when in a remote location. Although cervical metastatic disease from a remote primary site is often incurable, there are situations in which meaningful survival can be achieved with appropriate local treatment. Management is quite complex and requires a truly multidisciplinary approach. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E2374–E2385, 2016
Transoral robotic surgery for early glottic carcinoma involving anterior commissure: Preliminary reports
Authors: Wang Chen‐Chi , Liu Shih‐An , Wu Shang‐Heng , Lin Wen‐Jiun , Jiang Rong‐San , Wang Lily 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundTransoral robotic surgery (TORS) for early glottic cancer has been reported, but the issue of anterior commissure involvement has seldom been addressed. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to preliminarily report the treatment results of TORS in this disease entity.MethodsEight patients with T1 and T2 glottic carcinoma with anterior commissure involvement were selected to receive TORS. The clinical parameters, including rates of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT), survivals, as well as organ and function preservation, were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsTORS was successfully performed in all patients without temporary tracheostomy. There were no major complications and no patient received adjuvant RT to the larynx after surgery. With a mean follow‐up of 40 months, all patients survived with their larynx preserved and no local recurrence, tracheostomy, or tube feeding dependence.ConclusionTORS is a feasible approach for selected patients with early T classification glottic carcinoma with anterior commissure involvement. The preliminary oncologic and functional outcomes are satisfactory. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 913–918, 2016
Acceleration of skeletal age MR examination using compressed sensing
Authors: Terada Yasuhiko , Tamada Daiki , Kose Katsumi , Nozaki Taiki , Kaneko Yasuhito , Miyagi Ryo , Yoshioka Hiroshi 
Published: December 2015

PurposeTo examine the feasibility of accelerating magnetic resonance (MR) image acquisition for children using compressed sensing (CS). Skeletal age assessment using MRI sometimes suffers from motion artifacts because of the long scan time in children. Reducing image acquisition time may provide benefits by reducing motion artifacts, increasing efficiency of examination, and creating a stress‐free environment.Materials and MethodsUndersampling patterns for CS were optimized and CS‐based examination with the acceleration factors of 3 (CS3, 55 seconds per scan) and 4 (CS4, 41 seconds per scan) was performed for 59 subjects (35 boys and 24 girls; mean age, 9.1 years; age range, 4.4–15.3 years) using a 0.3T scanner. The skeletal age was assessed by two raters (A and B).ResultsThe interrater and intrarater reproducibility in skeletal age assessment was high (Pearson's r = 0.966 [CS3(A1) vs. CS3(A2)], 0.962 [CS4(A1) vs. CS4(A2)], 0.935 [CS3(A1) vs. CS3(B)], and 0.964 [CS4(A1) vs. CS4(B)]; P < 0.001). The errors in skeletal age assessed on the basis of CS‐reconstructed images were similar to those assessed on the basis of fully Nyquist‐sampled images.ConclusionThese results demonstrate the validity and reliability of skeletal age examination accelerated by CS‐MRI. We conclude that the acceleration factor of 3 was optimal. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:204–211.
Injury response of geriatric mouse patellar tendons
Authors: Mienaltowski Michael J. , Dunkman Andrew A. , Buckley Mark R. , Beason David P. , Adams Sheila M. , Birk David E. , Soslowsky Louis J. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTInjury adversely impacts the structure and mechanical properties of a tendon, thus causing pain and disability. Previously, we demonstrated that patellar tendons in mature (P150) and aged (P300) mice do not recover original functionality, even 6 weeks after injury, and that uninjured geriatric tendons (P570) are functionally inferior to uninjured mature tendons. In this study, we hypothesized that the repair response in injured geriatric mice would be further compromised, thus undermining patellar tendon function post‐injury. Patellar tendons from wild‐type mice were injured at 540 days. At 3 and 6 weeks post‐surgery, structural, mechanical, and biochemical analyses were performed and compared to uninjured controls. Mechanical properties of geriatric tendons failed to improve after injury. When compared to mature and aged tendons post‐injury, it was determined that at no age was there a suitable repair response. In previous studies, we were able to associate the absence of SLRPs with phenotypic changes both early and late in repair. Here we found that SLRPs were significantly decreased after injury, thus offering a possible explanation for why geriatric tendons were unable to mount an adequate repair response. Thus, we conclude that regardless of age after maturity, tendon healing ultimately results in a substandard outcome. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1256–1263, 2016.
Computerized tomography based 3D modeling of the clavicle
Authors: Lambert Simon , Al‐Hadithy Nawfal , Sewell Mathew David , Hertel Ralph , Südkamp Norbert , Noser Hansrudi , Kamer Lukas 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTPrevious studies have suggested clavicular morphology is highly variable, particularly in the lateral retrocurved section. Current clavicle fracture plating systems require three dimensional intra‐operative contouring to achieve adequate fit and necessitate variable soft tissue dissection placing fracture perfusion and muscular attachments at risk. The aim of this study was to search for a surgically relevant superficial shape pattern. This is a retrospective CT‐based analysis of 174 non‐pathological clavicles in 95 adults (45 females, 50 males). Using the principle of cylindrical parameterisation generated 3‐D computer models, we identified an implant preferred pathway (IPP), defined as a continuous linear region where the least possible soft tissue disruption would be necessary for plate fixation. The IPP mean form was within 3.04 mm (SD ± 1.34) on all clavicles. Clavicle length, and not shape, was found to be the biggest variable (correlation between size and form co‐ordinates r = 0.99, p < 0.05), accounting for 79% of overall variability. This length variation was mainly located in the medial antecurved section. Superior convexity and recurvatum were the main shape variables, however they only contributed 8% and 5% to the overall variation, respectively. Three IPP lengths were shown to match all clavicles when aligned at the acromial end first. In contrast to previous studies, we have shown that the IPP is fairly consistent with respect to the general shape with the exception of length variation which mainly affected the medial antecurved section. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1216–1223, 2016.CLINICAL RELEVANCEFuture pre‐contoured fracture fixation systems should provide variable length plates with a constant lateral section retrocurve and a variable medial antecurve.
Automated measurement of fracture callus in radiographs using portable software
Authors: Porter Stephen M. , Dailey Hannah L. , Hollar Katherine A. , Klein Karina , Harty James A. , Lujan Trevor J. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThe development of software applications that assist the radiographic evaluation of fracture healing could advance clinical diagnosis and expedite the identification of effective treatment strategies. A radiographic feature regularly used as an outcome measure for basic and clinical fracture healing research is new bone growth, or fracture callus. In this study, we developed OrthoRead, a portable software application that uses image‐processing algorithms to detect and measure fracture callus in plain radiographs. OrthoRead utilizes an optimal boundary tracking algorithm to semi‐automatically segment the cortical surface, and a novel iterative thresholding selection algorithm to then automatically segment the fracture callus. The software was validated in three steps. First, algorithm accuracy and sensitivity were analyzed using surrogate models with known callus size. Second, the callus area of distal femur fractures measured using OrthoRead was compared to callus area manually outlined by orthopaedic surgeons. Third, the callus area of ovine tibial fractures was measured using OrthoRead and compared to callus volume measured from micro‐CT. The software had less than a 5% error in measuring surrogate callus, and was insensitive to changes in image resolution, image rotation, and the size of the analyzed region of interest. Strong positive correlations existed between OrthoRead and clinicians (R2 = 0.98), and between 2D callus area and 3D callus volume (R2 = 0.70). The average run time for OrthoRead was 3 s when using a 2.7 GHz processor. By being accurate, fast, and robust, OrthoRead can support prospective and retrospective clinical studies investigating implant efficacy, and can assist research on fracture healing mechanobiology. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1224–1233, 2016.
Laser treatment of infantile hemangioma: A systematic review
Authors: Chinnadurai Sivakumar , Sathe Nila A. , Surawicz Tanya 
Published: December 2015

Background and ObjectiveTo systematically review studies of laser treatment of infantile hemangioma (IH).Study Design/Methods and MaterialsWe searched multiple databases including MEDLINE® and EMBASE from 1982 to June 2015. Two investigators independently screened studies against predetermined criteria and extracted key data. Investigators independently assessed study risk of bias and the strength of the evidence of the body of literature.ResultsWe identified 29 studies addressing lasers: 4 randomized controlled trials, 8 retrospective cohort studies, and 17 case series. Lasers varied across studies in type, pulse width, or cooling materials. Most comparative studies (n = 9) assessed variations of pulsed dye laser (PDL) and examined heterogeneous endpoints. Most studies reported on treatment of cutaneous lesions. Overall, longer pulse PDL with epidermal cooling was the most commonly used laser for cutaneous lesions; Nd:YAG was the most commonly used intralesionally. Most studies reported a higher success rate with longer pulse PDL compared with observation in managing the size of IH, although the magnitude of effect differed substantially. CO2 laser was used for subglottic IH in a single study, and was noted to have a higher success rate and lower complication rate than both Nd:YAG and observation. Studies comparing laser with β‐blockers or in combination with β‐blockers reported greater improvements in lesion size in combination arms versus β‐blockers alone and greater effects of lasers on mixed superficial and deep IH. Strength of the evidence for outcomes after laser treatments ranged from insufficient to low for effectiveness outcomes. Strength of the evidence was insufficient for the effects of laser compared with β‐blockers or in combination with β‐blockers as studies evaluated different agents and laser types. Studies assessing outcomes after CO2 and Nd:YAG lasers typically reported some resolution of lesion size, but heterogeneity among studies limits our abilities to draw conclusions.ConclusionStudies of laser treatment of IH primarily addressed different laser modalities compared with observation or other laser modalities. PDL was the most commonly studied laser type, but multiple variations in treatment protocols did not allow for demonstration of superiority of a single method. Most studies reported a higher success rate with longer pulse PDL compared to observation in managing the size of IH, although the magnitude of effect differed substantially. Studies generally found PDL more effective than other types of lasers for cutaneous lesions. When first introduced as a primary treatment for IH, various laser modalities generally offered superior outcomes compared with steroid therapy and observation. In the era of β‐blocker therapy, laser treatment may retain an important role in the treatment of residual and refractory lesions. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:221–233, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Real‐time updating of structural mechanics models using Kalman filtering, modified constitutive relation error, and proper generalized decomposition
Authors: Marchand Basile , Chamoin Ludovic , Rey Christian 
Published: December 2015

SummaryThe paper aims at proposing a new strategy for real‐time identification or updating of structural mechanics models defined as dynamical systems. The main idea is to introduce the modified constitutive relation error concept, which is a practical tool that enables to efficiently solve identification problems with highly corrupted data, into the Kalman filtering, which is a classical framework for data assimilation. Furthermore, a PGD‐based model reduction method is performed in order to optimize capabilities of the online updating strategy. Performances of the proposed approach, in terms of robustness gain and computational cost reduction, are illustrated on several unsteady thermal applications. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.