bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The expression of podoplanin is associated with poor outcome in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Cañueto Javier , Cardeñoso‐Álvarez Ester , Cosano‐Quero Adriana , Santos‐Briz Ángel , Fernández‐López Emilia , Pérez‐Losada Jesús , Román‐Curto Concepción 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundCutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is the second most frequent cancer in humans and can be both locally invasive and metastatic at distant sites. While research efforts have been made to predict poor outcome of CSCC, there is a lack of knowledge regarding molecular markers. Podoplanin has been associated with poor outcome in several types of cancer including CSCC, but this is controversial and only a few studies have evaluated the prognostic implications of podoplanin in the development of this tumor.MethodsWe evaluated podoplanin expression in a series of 94 CSCCs, and searched for associations between podoplanin expression and histopathological characteristics and with events of poor clinical evolution of the disease.ResultsPodoplanin expression was observed in 48.9% of the cases and the expression was considered moderate to intense in 19 of the cases. Moderate/intense podoplanin was associated with infiltrative growth pattern, desmoplasia, lymphovascular invasion, higher risk of nodal progression (NP) and short disease‐free survival, specifically with a short latency to NP.ConclusionsThis article provides evidence supporting the implication of podoplanin expression as a marker of bad prognosis of CSCC.
Disease course after clinically isolated syndrome in children versus adults: a prospective cohort study
Authors: van der Vuurst de Vries R. M. , van Pelt E. D. , Mescheriakova J. Y. , Wong Y. Y. M. , Ketelslegers I. A. , Siepman T. A. M. , Catsman C. E. , Neuteboom R. F. , Hintzen R. Q. 
Published: November 2016

Background and purposeClinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is a first demyelinating event of the central nervous system and can be a single event. After CIS, a chronic disease course with ongoing inflammation and relapses might occur, resulting in a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). As yet, there has been no prospective exploration of whether children and adults with CIS have the same disease course.MethodsPatients with CIS, whose age ranged from 1 to 50 years, were prospectively followed. We divided the patients into three different age groups, i.e. 1–10, 11–17 and 18–50 years old. Demographic data, disease course, time to MS diagnosis and annualized relapse rates (ARRs) were compared among these groups.ResultsWe included 383 patients with CIS, of whom 218 (56.9%) were diagnosed with MS. Children of between 11 and 17 years old had the highest rate of MS conversion (83.5% vs. 50.0% in the other age groups together, P < 0.01) and the shortest time to MS diagnosis [median time 2.6 months (interquartile range, 0.6–6.0) vs. 8.2 months (interquartile range, 1.9–28.2) in the other age groups together, P < 0.01). ARRs corrected for follow‐up were higher in children of <18 years old than in adults of ≥18 years old with MS (mean ARR, 0.65 vs. 0.43, P < 0.01).ConclusionChildren with CIS tend to have a more inflammatory disease course appearing from higher ARRs in all children and the highest rate of MS conversion in 11–17‐year‐old children. This supports early initiation of disease‐modifying therapy in children, perhaps even at the first event in children at high risk for MS in line with clinical practice in adults.
Does being assisted by care workers affect antipsychotics prescription among older people discharged from hospital?
Authors: Di Rosa Mirko , Fabbietti Paolo , Corsonello Andrea , Fusco Sergio , Sganga Federica , Volpato Stefano , Ruggiero Carmelinda , Onder Graziano , Lattanzio Fabrizia 
Published: November 2016

AimSeveral factors can affect antipsychotic prescriptions, among which, caregivers. However, whether being assisted by a care worker might increase the rate of antipsychotic prescriptions at discharge from acute care hospital has not been previously investigated. We aimed to investigate whether being assisted by a care worker is associated with increased use of antipsychotics among older patients discharged from acute care hospitals.MethodsThe present series consisted of 928 patients not taking antipsychotics at admission in seven acute care wards of geriatric medicine in Italy (mean age 80.8 ± 7.2 years, 54.9% women). The outcome of the study was defined as receiving an antipsychotic prescription at discharge. Patients were grouped according to their living conditions as follows: (i) living alone; (ii) living only with care worker; (iii) living with care worker and family members; and (iv) living only with family members. The association between study variables and antipsychotic prescription at discharge was investigated by logistic regression analysis.ResultsAfter adjusting for potential confounders, being assisted by care workers was significantly associated with the outcome (OR 2.64, 95% CI 1.21–5.75). Diagnosis of dementia (OR 2.73, 95% CI 1.65–4.51), instrumental activities of daily living limitations (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.05–1.21) and delirium during stay (OR 3.87, 95% CI 2.01–7.47) also qualified as independent correlates of antipsychotic prescription at discharge.ConclusionsBeing assisted by care workers could increase the likelihood of receiving antipsychotics at discharge from acute care hospitals. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1707–1713.
The Challenges of Outcome Measurement for Arts Practitioners in the Criminal Justice Sector
Authors: O'KEEFFE CAROLINE , ALBERTSON KATHERINE 
Published: November 2016

AbstractArts activities have long been used to help rehabilitate offenders and there is anecdotal evidence to support their transformative power, yet providers have struggled to provide ‘hard evidence’ of their effectiveness. The UK government has introduced Payment by Results (PbR) as a principal component of its public sector reforms. Thus arts projects within criminal justice are now required to engage with an outcomes‐based commissioning process. This article uses an evaluation of the Writers in Prison Foundation (WIPF) to explore the challenges and possibilities presented by this political landscape and to suggest approaches to outcome measurement which will help arts practitioners to survive and flourish.
Monitoring, Inspection and Complaints Adjudication in Prison: The Limits of Prison Accountability Frameworks
Authors: BEHAN CORMAC , KIRKHAM RICHARD 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis article examines the framework for prison accountability in England and Wales, the Republic of Ireland and Scotland. Despite variations in both policy and practice between the three jurisdictions, what is striking are the similarities in their shortcomings. These deficiencies, whether based on real or perceived grievances, potentially undermine efforts to call prison governance to account. The article argues that not only should the primary bodies involved in prison accountability be independent and robust, for prisoners to experience these bodies as legitimate, transformational changes in penal culture and internal prison power dynamics must be addressed.
Central European Greylag GeeseAnser ansershow a shortening of migration distance and earlier spring arrival over 60 years
Authors: Podhrázský Michal , Musil Petr , Musilová Zuzana , Zouhar Jan , Adam Matyáš , Závora Jaroslav , Hudec Karel 
Published: November 2016

Global climate change can cause pronounced changes in speciesʼ migratory behaviour. Numerous recent studies have demonstrated climate‐driven changes in migration distance and spring arrival date in waterbirds, but detailed studies based on long‐term records of individual recapture or re‐sighting events are scarce. Using re‐sighting data from 430 marked individuals spanning a 60‐year period (winters 1956/1957 to 2015/2016), we assessed patterns in migration distance and spring arrival date, wintering‐site fidelity and survival in the increasing central European breeding population of Greylag GeeseAnser anser. We demonstrate a long‐term decrease in migration distance, changes in the wintering range caused by winter partial short‐stopping, and the earlier arrival of geese on their breeding grounds. Greylag Geese marked on central Europe moulting grounds have not been recorded wintering in Spain since 1986 or in Tunisia and Algeria since 2004. The migration distance and spring arrival of geese indicated an effect of temperature at the breeding site and values of theNAOindex. Greylag Geese migrate shorter distances and arrive earlier in milder winters. We suggest that shifts in the migratory behaviour of Central European Greylag Geese are individual temperature‐dependent decisions to take advantage of wintering grounds becoming more favourable closer to their breeding grounds, allowing birds to acquire breeding territories earlier.
Trapped in migrants’ sectors? Polish women in the Icelandic labour market
Authors: Napierała Joanna , Wojtyńska Anna 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe employment‐driven migrations from Poland to Iceland have largely been pioneered by Polish women. They outnumbered men among Polish residents in this country until the economic boom since 2005 triggered large‐scale male immigration. This trend slowed down with the outbreak of the financial crisis, as the recession severely affected the male‐dominated construction industry. The analysis of Polish female migrants’ working experiences shows that recent inflows are mainly shaped by the nature of labour demand as well as the social policies and care services in Iceland. Although economically integrated, compared with native women Polish women tend to occupy rather disadvantaged positions. They seem concentrated in a few low‐skilled occupations that bring little prestige and low income. On the other hand, they were less affected by the financial crisis, in the sense that many of them maintained work, though some experienced lowering of salaries or reduction of working hours.
Incidence, time of occurrence and response to heart failure therapy in patients with anthracycline cardiotoxicity
Authors: Khan Arshad A. , Ashraf Asma , Singh Rajinder , Rahim Aadil , Rostom Walid , Hussain Mumtaz , Renner Ian , Collins Nicholas J. 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundAnthracyclines are commonly used chemotherapeutic medications.AimIn the current analysis, we evaluated all‐cause mortality and incidence, timing and response to medical therapy of anthracycline cardiotoxicity.MethodsLeft ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was serially assessed using gated heart pool scan/echocardiography in patients receiving anthracycline‐based chemotherapy from January 2009 to December 2014.ResultsA total of 1204 patients was administered anthracyclines during the study period. During a median follow up of 32 (interquartile range: 15–58) months, all‐cause mortality was 38% (n = 463), with the incidence of cardiotoxicity 10.2% (n = 123). Only 15.4% (n = 19) patients required heart failure hospitalisation, with 48% (n = 59) of patients commenced on beta blockade therapy and/or angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors. The majority of patients (73.2%, n = 90) experienced cardiotoxicity within 1 year of anthracycline initiation. The proportion of patients with complete, partial and no LVEF recovery were 16.3% (n = 20), 29.3% (n = 36) and 54.4% (n = 67) respectively. Mortality was higher in the cardiotoxicity group (49% vs 37%, P < 0.01). History of coronary artery disease, leukaemia, idarubicin use and high cumulative anthracycline dose were predictors of cardiotoxicity.ConclusionsCardiotoxicity after anthracycline use predictably occurs within the first year of therapy and is dose‐related, with variable degrees of recovery. While the need for hospitalisation for heart failure was uncommon, medical therapy appears underutilised, suggesting there may be a role for improved surveillance and early initiation of treatment.
Effect of haemosporidian infections on host survival and recapture rate in the blue tit
Authors: Podmokła Edyta , Dubiec Anna , Drobniak Szymon M. , Sudyka Joanna , Krupski Adam , Arct Aneta , Gustafsson Lars , Cichoń Mariusz 
Published: November 2016

Parasites are ubiquitous in the wild and by imposing fitness costs on their hosts they constitute an important selection factor. One of the most common parasites of wild birds arePlasmodiumandHaemoproteus, protozoans inhabiting the blood, which cause avian malaria and malaria‐like disease, respectively. Although they are expected to cause negative effects in infected individuals, in many cases studies in natural populations failed to detect such effect.Using data from seven breeding seasons (2008–2014), we applied a multistate capture–mark–recapture approach to study the effect of infection with malaria and malaria‐like parasites, individual age and sex on the probability of survival and recapture rate in a small passerine, the blue titCyanistes caeruleus, inhabiting the island of Gotland, Sweden. We found no effect of infection on survival prospects. However, the recapture rate of infected individuals was higher than that of uninfected ones. Thus, while our data do not support the presence of infection costs in terms of host survival, it suggests that parasites from the generaPlasmodiumandHaemoproteusmay affect some aspects of host behaviour, which translates into biased estimation of infection frequency at the population level.
The Life Cycle of Didymium laxifilum and Physarum album on Oat Agar Culture
Authors: Gao Yang , Tao Wei , Yan Shu‐Zhen , Chen Shuang‐Lin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe plasmodial slime molds is the largest group in the phylum Amoebozoa. Its life cycle includes the plasmodial trophic stage and the spore‐bearing fruiting bodies. However, only a few species have their complete life cycle known in details so far. This study is the first reporting the morphogenesis of Didymium laxifilum and Physarum album. Spores, from field‐collected sporangia, were incubated into hanging drop cultures for viewing germination and axenic oat agar plates for viewing plasmodial development and sporulation. The spores of D. laxifilum and P. album germinated by method of V‐shape split and minute pore, respectively. The amoeboflagellates, released from spores, were observed in water film. The phaneroplasmodia of two species developed into a number of sporangia by subhypothallic type on oat agar culture. The main interspecific difference of morphogenesis was also discussed.
Factors associated with anxiety and depression among patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator
Authors: Wong Mei Fung Florence 
Published: November 2016

Aims and objectivesTo identify factors associated with anxiety and depression of patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators.BackgroundImplantable cardioverter defibrillator is effective to increase survival from life‐threatening arrhythmias, but it lowers health‐related quality of life. Anxiety and depression had significant negative association with health‐related quality of life. However, knowledge about factors associated with these two negative emotions in this specific population is inadequate.DesignA cross‐sectional descriptive design was conducted. Secondary analysis was performed to address the aim.MethodsA convenience sampling of patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators was performed. Anxiety and depression were measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale through face‐to‐face interview.ResultsStepwise multivariable regression results showed that older age (aged 60–69 and ≥70: B = 2·08 and 3·31, p = 0·039 and <0·001), self‐care dependence (B = 3·47, p < 0·001), being married (B = −2·21, p = 0·004) and having ischaemic heart disease (B = −1·80, p = 0·008) were significantly associated with depression. However, there was no significant factor associated with anxiety.ConclusionsFactors associated with depression among patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator are identified. Older age (aged ≥60) and more self‐care dependence have positive, but being married and having ischaemic heart disease have negative association with depression. Strategies to reduce psychological distress are highlighted.Relevance to clinical practiceThe study findings direct the care to improve health‐related quality of life by reducing and controlling vulnerabilities arising from depression. Patients who are older people (≥aged 60) and more self‐care dependent perceive higher depression. Nursing strategies are suggested to reduce depression especially for those who are older people and more self‐care dependent. Early screening is essential to provide immediate care for reducing vulnerabilities arising from depression. Performing comprehensive assessment for self‐care ability and providing adequate assistance are crucial. Family involvement may reduce depression through providing physical and psychosocial support.
The cardiac patients’ perceptions of their responsibilities in adherence to care: a qualitative interview study
Authors: Kangasniemi Mari , Hirjaba Marina , Kohonen Katja , Vellone Ercole , Moilanen Tanja , Pietilä Anna‐Maija 
Published: November 2016

Aims and objectivesTo describe cardiac patients’ perceptions of their responsibilities in adherence to care.BackgroundThe responsibilities of cardiac patients’ adherence to care is a topical issue because of the increasing prevalence of noncommunicable diseases in Western countries, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). Responsibilities for cardiac patients’ care have been studied, but little is described about patients’ perspectives in this study.DesignA qualitative, hermeneutic inquiry.MethodsWe used face‐to‐face individual semistructured interviews with 21 cardiac patients (76% male) aged 58–86 in an urban area of Finland in winter 2013. The data were analysed hermeneutically with inductive content analysis.ResultsBased on our results, patients with cardiac disease understood that autonomy provided a basis for their responsibility in adherence to care. It included being able to make independent decisions, in collaboration with health professionals, or even to entrust that responsibility to healthcare professionals. Responsibilities were understood to be an expression of adherence, perceived to benefit the patient and included the duty to adopt a healthy lifestyle and care for their own medical condition. The main factors that influenced patients’ responsibilities around adherence to care were their individual resources and motivation, relationships with healthcare professionals and the resources of the healthcare system.ConclusionAutonomy is an inherent part of cardiac patients’ adherence to care, but there has been little focus on their responsibilities in the literature. More attention needs to be paid to the healthcare providers’ abilities to support patients’ duties and responsibilities in clinical practice and to future research.
Interaction Mindsets, Interactional Behaviors, and L2 Development: An Affective‐Social‐Cognitive Model
Authors: Sato Masatoshi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis classroom‐based study explored links among second language (L2) learners’ interaction mindsets, interactional behaviors, and L2 development in the context of peer interaction. While peer interaction research has revealed that certain interactional behaviors (e.g., receiving corrective feedback and engaging in collaborative interaction) assist L2 learning, it is yet unknown why some learners exhibit these interactional behaviors or how learners’ affective states impact their L2 development. The participants were two Grade 10 English as a foreign language classes in Chile (N = 53). Three data sets were collected: (a) interaction mindset data based on pretask interviews with focus groups from each class (n = 10); (b) interaction data pertaining to the communicative tasks of the focus groups; and (c) L2 development data from both classes consisting of oral and written production tests focusing on grammar and lexis. Results indicated that L2 development was mediated by learners’ interaction mindsets, which in turn affected their interactional behaviors.Open PracticesThis article has been awarded an Open Materials badge. All materials are publicly accessible in the IRIS digital repository at http://www.iris-database.org. Learn more about the Open Practices badges from the Center for Open Science: https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki.
A comparative study of three extraction protocols of DNA from nails: Potential use in the diagnosis of onychomycoses
Authors: Kotrotsiou T. , Chatzimichaloglou A. , Nasr A. , Spandou E. , Patsatsi A. , Sotiriadis D. , Vyzantiadis T.‐A. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryMolecular techniques can be useful adjuncts to the diagnosis of onychomycoses. However, the nail presents difficulties in the extraction of its DNA. The comparison of three extraction protocols of DNA from nails and their ranking for possible use in the molecular diagnosis of onychomycoses are described. Extraction was performed on weighed nail clippings of equal size from positive (31) or negative (14) samples, according to the culture result. At Prot1, the extraction was performed according to Tahir and Watson, with an additional step implementing silica columns. At Prot2, the methodology proposed by the Statens Serum Institute of Copenhagen was used. At Prot3, DNA was extracted by the use of magnetic separation after homogenisation with glass beading. The evaluation parameters were DNA purity, DNA concentration, total DNA yield/g of tissue, cost and duration. The multiples of the means of medians of the first three parameters, for each protocol, were calculated. Prot3 showed the highest DNA purity. Prot2 presented the highest DNA concentration and DNA yield/g of tissue, while it was the cheapest and shortest. In total, the three protocols were graded as Prot2>Prot1>Prot3. The second method, although had a lower DNA purity, presented the higher DNA concentration and DNA yield, while its duration and cost were also favourable.
Transcriptomic variation among six Arabidopsis thaliana accessions identified several novel genes controlling aluminium tolerance
Authors: Kusunoki Kazutaka , Nakano Yuki , Tanaka Keisuke , Sakata Yoichi , Koyama Hiroyuki , Kobayashi Yuriko 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDifferences in the expression levels of aluminium (Al) tolerance genes are a known determinant of Al tolerance among plant varieties. We combined transcriptomic analysis of six Arabidopsis thaliana accessions with contrasting Al tolerance and a reverse genetic approach to identify Al‐tolerance genes responsible for differences in Al tolerance between accession groups. Gene expression variation increased in the signal transduction process under Al stress and in growth‐related processes in the absence of stress. Co‐expression analysis and promoter single nucleotide polymorphism searching suggested that both trans‐acting polymorphisms of Al signal transduction pathway and cis‐acting polymorphisms in the promoter sequences caused the variations in gene expression associated with Al tolerance. Compared with the wild type, Al sensitivity increased in T‐DNA knockout (KO) lines for five genes, including TARGET OF AVRB OPERATION1 (TAO1) and an unannotated gene (At5g22530). These were identified from 53 Al‐inducible genes showing significantly higher expression in tolerant accessions than in sensitive accessions. These results indicate that the difference in transcriptional signalling is partly associated with the natural variation in Al tolerance in Arabidopsis. Our study also demonstrates the feasibility of comparative transcriptome analysis by using natural genetic variation for the identification of genes responsible for Al stress tolerance.