bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High resolution spectroscopy and chemical shift imaging of hyperpolarized 129Xe dissolved in the human brain in vivo at 1.5 tesla
Authors: Rao Madhwesha , Stewart Neil J. , Norquay Graham , Griffiths Paul D. , Wild Jim M. 
Published: April 2016

PurposeUpon inhalation, xenon diffuses into the bloodstream and is transported to the brain, where it dissolves in various compartments of the brain. Although up to five chemically distinct peaks have been previously observed in 129Xe rat head spectra, to date only three peaks have been reported in the human head. This study demonstrates high resolution spectroscopy and chemical shift imaging (CSI) of 129Xe dissolved in the human head at 1.5 Tesla.MethodsA 129Xe radiofrequency coil was built in‐house and 129Xe gas was polarized using spin‐exchange optical pumping. Following the inhalation of 129Xe gas, NMR spectroscopy was performed with spectral resolution of 0.033 ppm. Two‐dimensional CSI in all three anatomical planes was performed with spectral resolution of 2.1 ppm and voxel size 20 mm × 20 mm.ResultsSpectra of hyperpolarized 129Xe dissolved in the human head showed five distinct peaks at 188 ppm, 192 ppm, 196 ppm, 200 ppm, and 217 ppm. Assignment of these peaks was consistent with earlier studies.ConclusionHigh resolution spectroscopy and CSI of hyperpolarized 129Xe dissolved in the human head has been demonstrated. For the first time, five distinct NMR peaks have been observed in 129Xe spectra from the human head in vivo. Magn Reson Med 75:2227–2234, 2016. © 2016 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The effect of pore water pressure on tunnel face stability
Authors: Pan Qiujing , Dias Daniel 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThe kinematic approach in combination with numerical simulation is used to examine the effect of pore water pressure on tunnel face stability. Pore water pressure distribution obtained by numerical calculations using FLAC3D is used to interpolate the pore water pressure on a 3D rotational collapse mechanism. Comparisons are made to check the present approach against other solutions, showing that the present approach improves the existing upper bound solutions. Results obtained indicate that critical effective face pressure increases with water table elevation. Several normalized charts are also presented for quick evaluation of tunnel face stability. At the end of the paper, the influence of anisotropic permeability on tunnel face stability is also discussed, showing that the isotropic model leads to an overestimation of the necessary tunnel face pressure for anisotropic soils. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stress urinary incontinence in female neurological patients: long‐term functional outcomes after artificial urinary sphincter (AMS 800TM) implantation
Authors: Phé Véronique , Léon Priscilla , Granger Benjamin , Denys Pierre , Bitker Marc‐Olivier , Mozer Pierre , Chartier‐Kastler Emmanuel 
Published: April 2016

AimsTo report the long‐term functional outcomes of artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) implantation in female adult neurological patients suffering from stress urinary incontinence (SUI) due to sphincter deficiency.MethodsFemale patients with neurological disease suffering from SUI due to sphincter deficiency who underwent AUS (AMS 800TM) implantation between 1984 and 2011 were included. Continence rate defined as no need for pads and survival rates of the device without needing explantation or revision using Kaplan–Meier curves were reported.ResultsOverall, 26 patients, median age 49.2 years (IQR 28.5–59.7) were included. The median follow‐up time was 7.5 years (IQR 3.9–23.8). At the end of follow‐up period, 15 patients (57.7%) still had their primary AUS. The AUS was explanted in five women because of infection or erosion. Survival rates, without AUS explantation were 90%, 84%, 84%, and 74% at 5, 10, 15, 20 years, respectively. Survival rates without AUS revision were 75%, 51%, 51%, and 51% at 5, 10, 15, 20 years, respectively. 71.4% of patients with AUS were continent. When considering the 26 initial patients, including the patients in whom the AUS was explanted, the continence rate was 57.7%.ConclusionsFor treating neurogenic sphincter deficiency in the long term, the AMS 800TM can offer a satisfying rate of continence to female patients, with a tolerable rate of explantation and revision. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:764–769, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Lot sizing with learning and forgetting in setups: Analytical results and insights
Authors: Teyarachakul Sunantha , Chand Suresh , Tzur Michal 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis article considers the dynamic lot sizing problem when there is learning and forgetting in setups. Learning in setups takes place with repetition when additional setups are made and forgetting takes place when there is a break between two successive setups. We allow the amount forgotten over a break to depend both on the length of the break and the amount of learning at the beginning of the break. The learning and forgetting functions we use are realistic. We present several analytical results and use these in developing computationally efficient algorithms for solving the problem. Some decision/forecast horizon results are also developed, and finally we present managerial insights based on our computational results. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 93–108, 2016
Linear quadratic regulation for discrete‐time systems with multiplicative noise and multiple input delays
Authors: Li L. , Zhang H. , Fu M. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThis paper is concerned with the optimal linear quadratic regulation problem for discrete‐time systems with state and control dependent noises and multiple delays in the input. We show that the problem admits a unique solution if and only if a sequence of matrices, which are determined by coupled difference equations developed in this paper, are positive definite. Under this condition, the optimal feedback controller and the optimal cost are presented via some coupled difference equations. Our approach is based on the stochastic maximum principle. The key technique is to establish relations between the costate and the state. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Congenital overinflation: prenatal MRI and US findings and outcomes
Authors: Johnston Jennifer H. , Kline‐Fath Beth M. , Bitters Constance , Calvo‐Garcia Maria A. , Lim Foong‐Yen Y. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose is to describe fetal MR and US findings of congenital overinflation (CO) and to correlate with postnatal outcome.MethodsTwo radiologists reviewed fetal MR and US images in 25 fetuses diagnosed with CO. Lesion size, appearance, location, and presence of hydrops were documented. Chart review was performed for pregnancy outcome, postnatal imaging, interventions, histopathology, and clinical outcome.ResultsAll lesions demonstrated primarily homogeneous increased echogenicity and MR signal with absent pulmonary vascular distortion. A tubular cystic hilar structure was consistent with a dilated bronchus (68% MR, 25% US). The right lower (32%) and left lower (23%) lobes were most commonly involved. Two cases with central bronchial obstruction resulted in perinatal demise. Of 23 live births, 17 were asymptomatic, 1 symptomatic, and 5 lost to follow‐up. Postnatal CT was performed in 17 of 18 patients confirming CO. Histopathology in nine patients revealed bronchial anomalies with hyperinflated (n = 7) or polyalveolar lung (n = 2). Nine patients were observed and remained asymptomatic.ConclusionsFetal MR and US demonstrate a consistent pattern of imaging findings in fetuses with CO. Many cases are asymptomatic and can be managed with nonsurgical conservative therapy. CO because of central bronchial obstruction is associated with a guarded prognosis. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Placental and fetal hemodynamics in prolonged pregnancies
Authors: Kauppinen Tuomas , Kantomaa Tiina , Tekay Aydin , Mäkikallio Kaarin 
Published: April 2016

What's Already Known About This Topic?

Risk for an adverse outcome is increased in prolonged pregnancies.
Nulliparity and oligohydramnios are independent risk factors for adverse outcome in prolonged pregnancies.
What Does This Study Add?

Comprehensive Doppler assessments of placental and fetal central and peripheral hemodynamics prior to the induction of labor do not differ in prolonged pregnancies with favorable and unfavorable outcomes, indicating that their value is limited in the intermittent fetal surveillance and in the prediction of adverse outcomes in prolonged pregnancies.
Modification of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) membranes by impregnation with the ionic liquid 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate for proton exchange membrane fuel cell applications
Authors: Guerreiro da Trindade Letícia , Regina Becker Márcia , Celso Fabrício , Petzhold Cesar L. , Martini Emilse M.A. , de Souza Roberto F. 
Published: April 2016

Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) membranes were modified by impregnation with the ionic liquid (IL) 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMI.BF4) by immersion into an IL aqueous solution for different periods of time. The modified membranes were investigated by thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ion exchange capacity (IEC), and conductivity. The SPEEK membrane immersed into the IL aqueous solution for 2 min showed greater dimensional and thermal stability than the pristine SPEEK membrane, and achieved higher decomposition temperatures. It also presented a higher conductivity value (1.0 mS cm−1), indicating that BMI.BF4 is a promoter of proton conductivity. The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) produced reached maximum values of power density of 0.13 W cm−2 and current density of 0.54 A cm−2 during fuel cell operation. The results indicate that the SPEEK membrane modified by immersion for 2 min is promising for use in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Its performance yielded values very close to those obtained with Nafion, which reaches maximum values of power density of 0.19 W cm−2 and current density of 0.77 A cm−2. POLYM. ENG. SCI. 56:1037–1044, 2016. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers
Examining the thermal behaviour of novel aromatic polybenzoxazine blends containing an organophosphorous compound and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane reagents
Authors: Kopsidas Sotirios , Hamerton Ian 
Published: April 2016

Abstract2,2‐Bis(3,4‐dihydro‐3‐phenyl‐2H‐1,3‐benzoxazine)propane (BA‐a) is blended with various commercial polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) reagents and an organophosphorous compound, bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)phenylphosphine oxide (BPPO), at a range of loadings (1–10 wt%). The influence of the additives on the onset and rate of polymerisation of BA‐a is examined using differential scanning calorimetry. An initial screen of blends containing various additives (5 wt%) shows that a combination of aminoethylaminopropyl isobutyl POSS (AEAP) and BPPO has the greatest effect on reactivity with a reduction in reaction onset of some 65 K and an increase in glass transition temperature of 18 K when compared with the BA‐a homopolymer. The activation energy for the polymerisation of BA‐a containing 5 wt% AEAP is determined to be 84–88 kJ mol−1 (using Kissinger and Ozawa kinetic models), with a first‐order rate constant of 1.9 × 108 s−1. The thermal stability of the cured blends containing 5 wt% flame retardant is examined using thermogravimetric analysis, and both onset of degradation and char yield are increased by 15 K and 5%, respectively, when compared with the BA‐a homopolymer. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Conformational characterization of the intrinsically disordered protein Chibby: Interplay between structural elements in target recognition
Authors: Killoran Ryan C. , Sowole Modupeola A. , Halim Mohammad A. , Konermann Lars , Choy Wing‐Yiu 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe protein Chibby (Cby) is an antagonist of the Wnt signaling pathway, where it inhibits the binding between the transcriptional coactivator β‐catenin and the Tcf/Lef transcription factors. The 126 residue Cby is partially disordered; its N‐terminal half is unstructured while its C‐terminal half comprises a coiled‐coil domain. Previous structural analyses of Cby using NMR spectroscopy suffered from severe line broadening for residues within the protein's C‐terminal half, hindering detailed characterization of the coiled‐coil domain. Here, we use hydrogen/deuterium exchange‐mass spectrometry (HDX‐MS) to examine Cby's C‐terminal half. Results reveal that Cby is divided into three structural elements: a disordered N‐terminal half, a coiled‐coil domain, and a C‐terminal unstructured extension consisting of the last ∼ 25 residues (which we term C‐terminal extension). A series of truncation constructs were designed to assess the roles of individual structural elements in protein stability and Cby binding to TC‐1, a positive regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway. CD and NMR data show that Cby maintains coiled‐coil structure upon deletion of either disordered region. NMR and ITC binding experiments between Cby and TC‐1 illustrate that the interaction is retained upon deletion of either Cby's N‐terminal half or its C‐terminal extension. Intriguingly, Cby's C‐terminal half alone binds to TC‐1 with significantly greater affinity compared to full‐length Cby, implying that target binding of the coiled‐coil domain is affected by the flanking disordered regions.
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Care Dependency Scale in Nursing Homes
Authors: Rajabi Gholamreza , Namadmalan Masoume , Dijkstra Ate , Ghasemzade Roya , Foroughan Mahshid , Zahednejad Shahla 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPurpose:The purpose of the study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Care Dependency Scale (CDS) in nursing homes.Design:Instrument development.Methods:The English version of the CDS was translated into Persian. A convenience sample of 140 (100 older people without dementia and 40 patients with dementia) Persian-speaking people were selected from the nursing homes in Ahvaz, Iran. Cronbach’s alpha, discriminant validity, and construct validity (exploratory factor analysis) were examined.Findings:Exploratory factor analysis indicated that the CDS has two factors, including psychosocial and somatic factors. Discriminant validity showed that the CDS can differentiate patients with dementia from the older adults without dementia.Conclusions:The results of the study showed that the Persian CDS is a reliable and valid scale when used in nursing homes.Clinical Relevance:The Persian version of the CDS can help clinicians and nurses to assess patients’ need and the degree of care dependency among older adults in Persian-speaking areas.
Cows, agency, and the significance of operational thinking
Authors: Olaya Camilo 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe reverence for data as the source of knowledge seems to be the rule in academic activities. In this respect, system dynamics has much to offer. One of its trademarks is “operational thinking”, a distinct attitude that, unlike scientific practices that seek to understand the world by means of data analysis, seeks to transform systems in terms of operations. Operational thinking means to recognize agency as the driving force through which systems actually work: free decision‐makers invent their own future through actions that shape and create systems; they do not obey laws to be discovered by observing the past. System dynamics models provide intelligible explanations that meet such agency. Redesigning and improving human systems require then the capacity to realize and transform operational arrangements, that is, to understand and change decision processes and purposeful actions. Copyright © 2016 System Dynamics Society
In silico methods for drug repurposing and pharmacology
Authors: Hodos Rachel A. , Kidd Brian A. , Shameer Khader , Readhead Ben P. , Dudley Joel T. 
Published: April 2016

Data in the biological, chemical, and clinical domains are accumulating at ever‐increasing rates and have the potential to accelerate and inform drug development in new ways. Challenges and opportunities now lie in developing analytic tools to transform these often complex and heterogeneous data into testable hypotheses and actionable insights. This is the aim of computational pharmacology, which uses in silico techniques to better understand and predict how drugs affect biological systems, which can in turn improve clinical use, avoid unwanted side effects, and guide selection and development of better treatments. One exciting application of computational pharmacology is drug repurposing—finding new uses for existing drugs. Already yielding many promising candidates, this strategy has the potential to improve the efficiency of the drug development process and reach patient populations with previously unmet needs such as those with rare diseases. While current techniques in computational pharmacology and drug repurposing often focus on just a single data modality such as gene expression or drug–target interactions, we argue that methods such as matrix factorization that can integrate data within and across diverse data types have the potential to improve predictive performance and provide a fuller picture of a drug's pharmacological action. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2016, 8:186–210. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1337This article is categorized under:

Analytical and Computational Methods > Computational Methods
Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine > Translational Medicine
Long-term outcome following medial open reduction in developmental dysplasia of the hip: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gardner Richard O. E. , Bradley Catharine S. , Sharma Om P. , Feng Lin , Shin Michelle Eyun Jung , Kelley Simon P. , Wedge J. H. 
Published: April 2016

Introduction Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a serious complication of treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip. There is ongoing controversy regarding AVN and its influence on hip development following medial open reduction (MOR). Purpose The aim of our study was to (1) determine the long-term prevalence of AVN following MOR, (2) evaluate hip development after MOR, and (3) identify predictors of AVN and radiographic outcome at skeletal maturity after MOR. Methods A retrospective cohort analysis of 60 patients (70 hips) who underwent MOR with a mean follow-up of 10.83 years (5.23–16.74) was conducted. AVN was recorded according to Bucholz and Ogden classification and radiographic outcome based on Severin grading. AVN and hip morphology related to length of follow-up were evaluated. Chi-squared and t-tests were used to identify relationships between AVN and other variables. Logistic regression was used to assess predictors of AVN and Severin outcome. Results The rate of clinically significant AVN (types 2–4) following MOR was 32.9 % with type 2 accounting for 82.6 % of these cases. While early acetabular development was satisfactory, long-term outcome was unsatisfactory in 26 % of cases with AVN (vs 8.7 % of cases without AVN). A higher rate of AVN was identified when hips were immobilized in ≥60° of abduction postoperatively. A higher rate of poor Severin outcome was identified in hips with AVN. Conclusions Our findings suggest that there is a high rate of AVN and unsatisfactory long-term outcome following MOR. AVN remains a significant concern following MOR surgery for developmental dysplasia of the hip that may not be apparent until long-term evaluation.
A case of gradually manifesting McCune–Albright syndrome with a 10‐year follow‐up
Authors: Honda Tomoko , Itoh Fumiko , Nakamura Kimitoshi , Ohba Takashi , Katabuchi Hidetaka 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMcCune–Albright syndrome (MAS) is characterized by fibrous dysplasia (FD) of bone, café‐au‐lait skin pigmentation, and precocious puberty. Here we report a case of a 12‐year‐old girl with MAS presenting sexual precocity as initial signs, followed by FD of bone with her growth. She was referred to our hospital because of breast budding and abnormal genital bleeding at the age of 2.8 years. On physical examination, her height and weight were greater than two standard deviations of the mean ranges. Hormonal analysis revealed an elevated serum estradiol and suppressed luteinizing hormone and follicle‐stimulating hormone production. Her bone age had advanced, and a 16‐mm monocystic lesion was observed on her right ovary by pelvic ultrasonography. Considering the clinical and paraclinical findings, precocious pseudopuberty was suspected and periodic observations were started. Her estrogen “flare up” was transient and she had repeated similar episodes three times in the following 7 years. She complained of pain in her right hip at the age of 9.6 years, which was diagnosed as FD of bone by fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography. Although no café‐au‐lait skin pigmentation was observed, we made a preliminary diagnosis of MAS. Because clinical evidence for MAS can appear later in the course of recurrent autonomous cysts, careful observation and periodical assessments of patients with suspected MAS is necessary.
Integrated Geophysical and Geological Studies for Mineral Prospecting in Betul-Chhindwara Belt (BCB), Central India
Authors: Kumar Dewashish , Rao D. V. Subba , Sridhar K. , Satyanarayanan M. , Patro Prasanta K. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Integrated study combining high resolution electrical resistivity tomography and time domain induced polarization was carried out in Betul-Chhindwara belt Madhya Pradesh, Central India in order to evaluate and delineate the polymetallic sulphide mineralization, its nature, type of deposit and depth. On interpretation of the models results clear cut anomalies revealed showing chargeability ∼2 to 54 mV/V up to a maximum depth of 131m. This range of chargeability signify signature of metallic conductor. Nevertheless the basement rock is clearly mapped, showing substantial resistivity contrast. In addition detailed analysis of the integrated results from geology, geochemistry and Scanning Electron Microscope – Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy resulted from in situ rock samples shows good correlation with resistivity and IP results. This integrated study confirms the presence of conducting sulphide mineral ore body and the results and findings need test drilling at the geophysical anomalous site(s) to confirm the depth persistence and evaluate the metallic conductor.