bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioderecho y trasplante de órganos, muerte cerebral.
Authors: MORENO GUZMAN LEIVER ALEXIS 
Published: January 2016

<p>ResumenSaber cuándo termina la vida es un interrogante sobre el que aún no se tiene respuesta;para ello se han establecido conceptos como muerte cerebral o encefálica, pero todavíano hay consenso claro entre sus definiciones, y se dice que han sido términosacuñados específicamente para el trasplante de órganos. Actualmente, ciencias comola medicina y la biología no han encontrado el elixir de la eterna juventud, pero síalcanzaron el milagro de los trasplantes, promoviendo de esta manera mecanismosreales destinados a la protección de la especie humana. Estos mecanismos, aunquepromulgan estabilidad y satisfacción en las personas que pueden acceder a ellos,no son equitativos con los más desfavorecidos. Por lo tanto, es clara la necesidadde una simbiosis entre las ciencias de la vida, las ciencias humanas y la cienciajurídica, para que actúen desde un mismo espacio regulándose y cuestionándose a sí mismas desde un entorno interdisciplinar, permitiendo la integración de nuevosconocimientos y creando enlaces propios como el bioderecho.</p><p>Palabras clave: muerte cerebral, trasplante de órganos, biotecnología, bioderechoy bioética.</p><p>Biolaw and transplantation of organs: brain death</p><p>Abstract: Knowing when life ends is a question on which there is still no answer. To thisend concepts have been established, such as brain or encephalic death, but thereis still no clear consensus among their definitions, and it is said they are termscreated specifically for organ transplantation. Currently, sciences such as medicineand biology have not found the elixir of eternal youth but they have achievedthe miracle of transplantation, thereby promoting actual mechanisms for the protectionof the human species. These mechanisms, although they proclaim stability andsatisfaction in people who can access them, they are not fair to the underprivileged.Therefore, it is clear the need for a symbiosis between the life sciences, the humansciences and legal science, to act from one same space regulating and questioningthemselves from an interdisciplinary environment, allowing the integration of newknowledge and creating their own connections such as biolaw.</p><p>Keywords: brain death, organ transplantation, biotechnology, biolaw and bioethics.</p><p>Biodireito e transplante de órgãos: morte cerebral</p><p>Resumo: Saber quando acaba a vida é uma questão sobre a qual ainda não há resposta. Paraisto tem-se estabelecido conceitos, como a da morte encefálicaé ou cerebral, masainda não há um consenso claro entre suas definições, e disse-se que têm sidoinventados termos especificamente para o transplante de órgãos. Atualmente,ciências como a medicina e a biologia não tem achado o elixir da eterna juventude</p><p>Palavras chave: transplante de órgãos, morte cerebral, biotecnología, biodireito e bioética.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
El principio de asistencia humanitaria y la mujer desplazada en Colombia
Authors: CAICEDO HENRIQUEZ MYRIAM CONSTANZA 
Published: January 2016

<p>ResumenEl presente artículo describe los lineamientos de la comunidad internacional respectoal desplazamiento interno y el principio de asistencia humanitaria. Además,consolida la posición de la Corte Constitucional, a partir de sus pronunciamientos,particularmente de la Sentencia T-025 de 2004 y el Auto 092 de 2008, con énfasisen la atención y protección a la mujer desplazada, y se resalta su aporte para eldiseño de la política estatal del desplazado.</p><p>Palabras clave: desplazamiento forzado, mujeres desplazadas, asistencia humanitaria,principios rectores, comunidad internacional, Corte Constitucional.</p><p>The principle of humanitarian aid and displaced womenin ColombiaAbstractThis article describes the guidelines of the international community with regardsto internal displacement and humanitarian aid principle. Also, it consolidates theposition of the Constitutional Court, based on its decisions, especially RulingT-025 of 2004 and Order 092 of 2008, with emphasis on the care and protection of displaced women, and it highlights their contribution to the design of statepolicy for the displaced.</p><p>Keywords: forced displacement, displaced women, humanitarian aid, guidingprinciples, international community, Constitutional Court.</p><p>O princípio de assistência humanitária e a mulher deslocada na Colômbia</p><p>Resumo: Este artigo descreve as diretrizes da comunidade internacional respeito do deslocamentointerno e o princípio de assistência humanitário. Além disso, consolida aposição do Tribunal Constitucional, a partir de suas declarações, especialmente daSentença T-025 de 2004 e o Auto 092 de 2008, com ênfase no cuidado e proteçãodas mulheres deslocadas e destaca-se sua contribuição para a concepção de políticaestatal do deslocado.</p><p>Palavras chave: deslocamento forçado, mulheres deslocadas, assistência humanitária,princípios regentes, comunidade internacional, Tribunal Constitucional</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p>
Integrating Urban Building Space and Transportation Space to Solve Traffic Congestion
Authors: Zhang Hong 
Published: January 2016

<p>Today, with urban function system increasingly complicated, there exist problems which are seriously hindering urban sustainable development in most cities such as traffic jams, constructive destruction, building space separation with traffic space, poor urban space resource utilization and so on. So the article makes a number of integration methods of urban building space and transportation space from the perspective of urban morphology integration. It tries to integrate urban environment with techniques of multidimensional space interludes, cascading, infiltration between building space and traffic space in three-dimensional space coordinates, to achieve the objectives of proper division, solving traffic congestion problems and the establishment of a new dynamic three-dimensional transport system.</p>
DESAIN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI PERSEDIAAN OBAT BERBASIS KOMPUTER BERDASARKAN BATCH NUMBER DAN EXPIRED DATE
Authors: Andarwati Mardiana 
Published: January 2016

<p>Without the use of accounting information systems on data collection of medical supplies through the process of buying or selling drugs based on the batch number and expired date is takes more time in the service of payment transactions, because (a) they have to be calculated manually or with a calculator, (b) take time to monitor the inventory stock existing drugs (inventory check) because it is done manually, (c) take time in making the report, because employees have to reopen the existing data, so the work becomes less effective, (d) the possibility of data-data that is lost because not or forgot to record. Inventory of information system design based on computer-based drug batch number and expiration date using Accurate v.4 data collection will further help facilitate drug supply. Among other design inventory, purchasing credits, purchase order, debt repayment, cash sales, and inventory report based drug batch number and expired date.</p> <p> </p>
APPRAISAL LEVEL TINGKAT PENETAPAN NJOP PAJAK BUMI DAN BANGUNAN DI KECAMATAN LOWOKWARU KOTA MALANG
Authors: Andriani Sri 
Published: January 2016

<p>Appraisal level determination to NJOP (Tax Object Sale Value) land and building is a measurement of the tax object sale value is used to determine besarya property tax to be paid to the government's taxpayers. While the standard used to determine in an international NJOP is the standard IAAO (International Association of Assesor Officer). Analysis of measurements with HJOP NJOP adjustment is to use ratio analysis, Coefficient of Dispersion (COD), Non-Parametric Binomial Test, Spearman Correlation, compare Mean One Sample Test. The results of the determination of the ratio analysis NJOP ground (earth) in Dinoyo has qualified for justice, while not yet eligible, In Merjosari justice, the non-parametric binomial test showed the results has been no justice from all parties and interest in the determination of both Dinoyo NJOP or in the Merjosari. Uniformity NJOP Dinoyo level determination and Merjosari Malang District Lowokwaru significantly lower, this means setting performance NJOP is not good. There is a correlation between the appraisal value with NJOP HJOP as market values. There are significant differences in the determination of both NJOP compared HJOP Dinoyo or in the Merjosari.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
ANALISIS LAPORAN KEUANGAN SEBAGAI BAHAN PERTIMBANGANPEMBERIAN KREDIT (Studi Pada Lembaga Keuangan Di Kota Malang)
Authors: Wahyuni Nanik 
Published: January 2016

<p>This research aims to determine the the basis of valuation and credit analysis in the loan application process on the existing financial institutions in the city of Malang. In addition, provide the evidence that the financial statements have a very important role in the mortgage application process on the existing financial institutions in the city of Malang. The research used a quantitative research study in financial management that analyzed the financial statements of the debtor with the status of legal entities that are used in the provision of credit to financial institutions in the city of Malang. Data analysis techniques use ratio analysis, comparative analysis of financial statements, common size analysis.</p> <p><strong></strong></p>
KEANDALAN INFORMASI LAPORAN KEUANGAN DAERAH BERBASIS AKRUAL: Kajian Pengelolaan Aset Tetap Daerah Kabupaten Sampang
Authors: Priyono Karnanto 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRAKSI Keandalan penyajian laporan keuangan diperlukan agar laporan keuangan bermanfaat bagi pengguna. Untuk itu aset tetap harus dikelola dengan baik agar menghasilkan informasi yang andal dalam laporan keuangan daerah.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji keandalan informasi aset tetap daerah pada Pemerintah Kabupaten Sampang. Keandalan informasi dalam laporan keuangan diartikan bebas dari pengertian yang menyesatkan dan kesalahan material, menyajikan setiap fakta secara jujur, serta dapat diverifikasi.Pengelolaan aset tetap daerah merupakan upaya meningkatkan efisiensi, efektifitas dan menciptakan nilai tambah dalam mengelola aset.Pengelolaan dilaksanakan berdasarkan asas fungsional, kepastian hukum, transparansi dan keterbukaan, efisiensi, akuntabilitas, dan kepastian nilai.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan paradigma penelitian Post-positivisme dengan pendekatan studi kasus.Obyek penelitian adalah kandungan informasi aset tetap daerah pada Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Sampang. Analisis data dilakukan dengan data reduction, understanding dan interpretation.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengelolaan Barang/aset Milik daerah pada Kabupaten Sampang belum dilaksanakan secara memadai sehingga menghasilkan penyajian informasi aset tetap daerah yang belum andal. Untuk itu disarankan segera disusun kebijakan akuntansi yang mengatur tentang penyusutan aset tetap, meningkatkan koordinasi pada seluruh Satuan Kerja Perangkat (SKPD), dan menuntaskan rekonsiliasi antara Bidang Akuntansi dan Pelaporan dengan Bidang Pengelolaan Aset. Situs penelitian hanya pada satu pemerintah daerah dan hanya terbatas pada pengelolaan aset tetap daerah, tidak melakukan kajian pada semua akun. Keywords : Keandalan, Pengelolaan, Aset Tetap Daerah
MEMOTRET FENOMENA PERAN DAN SIKAPDIVISI KEPATUHAN BANK SYARIAH DALAM PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH
Authors: Sirajudin Sirajudin 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT This research had tried to capture the phenomena of compliance division’s role in mudharabah financing of BSX and to disclose the existence and the reason of conventional attitudes’ presence among it’s role. This research is a qualitative one that using trancedental phenomenology of Husserl to capture the compliance division’s role and the conventional attitudes that present in mudharabah financing of BSX. It also has analyzed the reasons of conventional attitude’s presence. The result had disclosed the steps in mudharabah financing that involved and entailed SPK as compliance division, they’re approval step, melting step, and the step of partial payment on mudharabah financing debt. Based on the phenomena of SPK’s involvement, it’s found some pictures of SPK’s role as watchdog, machine and the commentator. Beside those roles, it’s also found conventional attitudes such as vigilance attitude that transformed to skeptical attitude, apathy attitude, and distrusty attitude. The presence of those attitudes during the mudharabah financing process (especailly the involvement of SPK) could not be remove from the “over” preventive attitude of BSX it self, and it seemed as a legitimation of BI for being the sole regulator of Indonesian banking that implanted those attitude in SPK’s role. Keywords: phenomenology, role, conventional attitudes, mudharabah financing, legitimation. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini berupaya memotret sebuah fenomena peran divisi kepatuhan dalam pembiayaan mudharabah Bank Syariah “X” dan mengungkap adanya sikap-sikap konvensional yang menyertai peran divisi kepatuhan tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi transedental Husserl untuk memotret peran divisi kepatuhan dan sikap-sikap yang hadir dalam pembiayaan mudharabah BSX dan menganalisis penyebab hadirnya sikap-sikap konvensional tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan tahapan-tahapan yang sering diikuti dan meniscayakan keterlibatan SPK sebagai divisi kepatuhan BSX dalam proses pembiayaan mudharabahnya. Tahapan-tahapan yang sering diikutinya antara lain adalah tahapan persetujuan, tahapan pencairan dan tahapan pembayaran angsuran pembiayaan. Berdasarkan fenomena keterlibatan SPK tersebut, ditemukanlah beberapa potret peran SPK dalam proses pembiayaan mudharabah antara lain sebagai watchdog, mesin dan sang komentator. Temuan selanjutnya adalah sikap-sikap konvensional yang hadir dalam peran-peran SPK tersebut. Sikap-sikap konvensional tersebut adalah sikap kewaspadaan yang bertransformasi menjadi sikap kecurigaan, sikap ketidakpedulian, dan sikap ketidakpercayaan. Hadirnya sikap-sikap tersebut tidak lepas dari adanya sikap preventif “yang berlebihan” oleh internal BSX itu sendiri, selain adanya legitimasi dari BI sebagai regulator tunggal perbankan yang ada di Indonesia yang mencangkokkan sikap-sikap ke dalam peran SPK. Kata kunci: fenomenologi, peran, sikap-sikap konvensional, pembiayaan mudharabah, legitimasi.
PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, PROFITABILITAS, UKURAN DEWAN KOMISARIS, DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP LUAS PENGUNGKAPAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (Studi Empiris Perusahaan Manufaktur di BEI Tahun 2008–2012)
Authors: Ridho Nailun Ahmad , Sulistiani Dwi 
Published: January 2016

<span><strong>Title: [The Effect of Company Size, Profitability, Commissioner Board Size and Leverage on Widespread Disclosure of Good Corporate Governance: Empirical Study on Manufacturing Companies are Listed in IDX among Year 2008-2012]</strong><br /><br />Corporate Governance is sets of rules that affect management to create a <span>strong system and firm structure. This study was conducted to analyze the <span>factors that affect the wider corporate governance disclosure in annual report <span>on manufacturing companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This research is descriptive quantitative research. The data used are secondary data <span>companies that listed on the Stock Exchange from the period 2008 to 2012. <span>Factors tested in this research were firm size, profitability, board size, and <span>leverage. Sampling methods used in this research was purposive sampling. <span>The analysis technique is used multiple linear analysis methods for Hypothesis testing. The results of this study indicate that partially independent variables that significantly influence the broad disclosure of corporate governance is the profitability and leverage. Profitability variables have a significant effect because the companies with high profit companies have a responsibility to disclose more information even as the number of interested stakeholders. While the leverage effect is also significant because the company with high <span>leverage levels will disclose more information to creditor’s necessity with the <span>result that reduces the supervision’s cost. Whereas no effect was variable firm <span>size and board size. The variable size of the company does not have a signifi<span>cant effect because the large-sized companies are more likely to have greater <span>agency problems anyway, so it needs more stringent good corporate governance mechanism, especially in manufacturing companies with different levels of difficulty with other types of companies. While the board size variable is <span>also not significant because the number of commissioners would effect to then <span>many entries received by directors and will effect the decision of the board of <span>directors. Independent variables can explain the widespread influence of corporate governance disclosure by 33.2% while the remaining 66.8% can be <span>explained by factors beyond research.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span>
Perioperative morbidity and long-term outcome of unilateral nephrectomy in feline kidney donors: 141 cases (1998–2013)
Authors: Wormser Chloe , Aronson Lilian R. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the outcome associated with unilateral nephrectomy in feline kidney donors.
DESIGN Retrospective case series.
ANIMALS 141 cats.
PROCEDURES Medical records of cats that underwent nephrectomy for renal donation were reviewed for information on signalment, date of renal donation, results of blood and urine analyses, infectious disease history, anesthetic protocols, intra- and postoperative complications, and postoperative analgesic protocols. Long-term follow-up data were obtained via client telephone interview and review of referring veterinarian medical records.
RESULTS All donors were healthy young adult cats with a median age of 1.5 years (range, 0.8 to 2 years). No cats died or were euthanized during the perioperative period. Intraoperative complications occurred in 2 cats, and postoperative complications occurred in 17. Median time from nephrectomy to hospital discharge was 3.6 days (range, 2 to 8 days). Long-term follow-up information was available for 99 cats, with a median interval between nephrectomy and follow-up of 10 years (range, 0.25 to 15 years). Six cats had a history of urinary tract disease including stable chronic kidney disease (n = 3), acute kidney injury (2), and cystitis (1). Nine cats were dead at follow-up; death was attributed to chronic renal failure in 2 and acute ureteral obstruction in 4.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Feline donor nephrectomy had an acceptably low perioperative morbidity in this series. Most cats (84%) for which follow-up information was available had no associated long-term effects. However, a small subset (7%) developed renal insufficiency or died of urinary tract disease.
Amoebic meningoencephalitis and disseminated infection caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris in a Western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)
Authors: Gjeltema Jenessa L. , Troan Brigid , Muehlenbachs Atis , Liu Lindy , Da Silva Alexandre J. , Qvarnstrom Yvonne , Tobias Jeremy R. , Loomis Michael R. , De Voe Ryan S. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION A 22-year-old male gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) housed in a zoo was evaluated for signs of lethargy, head-holding, and cervical stiffness followed by development of neurologic abnormalities including signs of depression, lip droop, and tremors.
CLINICAL FINDINGS Physical examination under general anesthesia revealed a tooth root abscess and suboptimal body condition. A CBC and serum biochemical analysis revealed mild anemia, neutrophilia and eosinopenia consistent with a stress leukogram, and signs consistent with dehydration. Subsequent CSF analysis revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis and markedly increased total protein concentration.
TREATMENT AND OUTCOME Despite treatment with antimicrobials, steroids, and additional supportive care measures, the gorilla's condition progressed to an obtunded mentation with grand mal seizures over the course of 10 days. Therefore, the animal was euthanized and necropsy was performed. Multifocal areas of malacia and hemorrhage were scattered throughout the brain; on histologic examination, these areas consisted of necrosis and hemorrhage associated with mixed inflammation, vascular necrosis, and intralesional amoebic trophozoites. Tan foci were also present in the kidneys and pancreas. Immunohistochemical testing positively labeled free-living amoebae within the brain, kidneys, eyes, pancreas, heart, and pulmonary capillaries. Subsequent PCR assay of CSF and frozen kidney samples identified the organism as Balamuthia mandrillaris, confirming a diagnosis of amoebic meningoencephalitis.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Infection with B mandrillaris has been reported to account for 2.8% of captive gorilla deaths in North America over the past 19 years. Clinicians working with gorillas should have a high index of suspicion for this diagnosis when evaluating and treating animals with signs of centrally localized neurologic disease.
Long-term survival rates of gravity-assisted, adjustable differential pressure valves in infants with hydrocephalus
Authors: Gebert Anna-Felicitas , Schulz Matthias , Schwarz Karin , Thomale Ulrich-Wilhelm 
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE
The use of adjustable differential pressure valves with gravity-assisted units in shunt therapy of children with hydrocephalus was reported to be feasible and promising as a way to avoid chronic overdrainage. In this single-center study, the authors' experiences in infants, who have higher rates of shunt complications, are presented.

METHODS
All data were collected from a cohort of infants (93 patients [37 girls and 56 boys], less than 1 year of age [mean age 4.1 ± 3.1 months]) who received their first adjustable pressure hydrocephalus shunt as either a primary or secondary implant between May 2007 and April 2012. Rates of valve and shunt failure were recorded for a total of 85 months until the end of the observation period in May 2014.

RESULTS
During a follow-up of 54.2 ± 15.9 months (range 26–85 months), the Kaplan-Meier rate of shunt survival was 69.2% at 1 year and 34.1% at 85 months; the Kaplan-Meier rate of valve survival was 77.8% at 1 year and 56% at 85 months. Survival rates of the shunt were significantly inferior if the patients had previous shunt surgery. During follow-up, 44 valves were exchanged in cases of infection (n = 19), occlusion (n = 14), dysfunction of the adjustment unit (n = 10), or to change the gravitational unit (n = 1).

CONCLUSIONS
Although a higher shunt complication rate is observed in infant populations compared with older children, reasonable survival rates demonstrate the feasibility of using this sophisticated valve technology. The gravitational unit of this valve is well tolerated and its adjustability offers the flexible application of opening pressure in an unpredictable cohort of patients. This may adequately address overdrainage-related complications from early in treatment.