bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of physicochemical properties during the processing of Yiluxian, a traditional chinese low‐salt fish product
Authors: Hao Zina , Dong Hao , Li Zhenxing , Lin Hong 
Published: July 2016

AbstractYiluxian, a traditional Chinese low‐salt fish product, has been produced manually for decades. However, its quality depends on worker experience and varies owing to the lack of specific scientific guidelines for uniform production. This study investigated the changes in physicochemical properties under different salt concentrations and explored the principles underlying the low‐salt pickling process. The NaCl content of gutted fish increased to 3.82% in brining, and it decreased significantly to 1.15% after desalting. The colour of Yiluxian was not significantly different from that of raw fish (P > 0.05). The hardness, springiness, resistance and chewiness decreased by 12%, 9%, 27% and 19%, respectively, while cohesiveness did not change significantly (P > 0.05). Furthermore, Yiluxian is preferred over commonly salted fish for superior sensory profile. Our findings demonstrated the changes in various characteristics during pickling were expected to facilitate the stabilisation and uniformity of the quality and industrial production of this traditional food product.
Changes in the free amino acids and the biogenic amine contents during lactic acid fermentation of different lupin species
Authors: Bartkiene Elena , Bartkevics Vadims , Rusko Janis , Starkute Vytaute , Zadeike Daiva , Juodeikiene Grazina 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThe aim of the work was to evaluate the profile of free amino acids (FAA) as the possible precursors of biogenic amines (BAs) in different varieties and hybrid lines of Lupinus luteus and Lupinus angustifolius and its changes during fermentation. Lupins have high amounts of FAA, and therefore, significant contents of BAs by the action of bacterial amino acid decarboxylases can be formed. In view of this, the effect of three Pediococcus pentosaceus strains KTU05‐8, KTU05‐9 and KTU05‐10 on BA formation during lupin fermentation was studied. The formation of BAs was monitored during 48‐h fermentation at solid‐state conditions and compared with that in samples after submerged fermentation and in the control nonfermented samples. The lupin variety, fermentation conditions and the Pediococcus strain were found to have the significant effect on the FAA profile and BA contents in fermented lupin; the interaction between analysed factors was F(5.989) = 1755.321 (P < 0.0001) and F(5.660) = 130.736 (P < 0.0001), respectively. A weak correlation was found between amino acid His and histamine (r = 0.3709; P = 0.0005) and between Phe and phenylethylamine (r = 0.3914, P = 0.0002) in lupin samples, but the significant correlations between amino acid Tyr and tyramine and between Lys and cadaverine were not found. By optimising the fermentation technology, it is possible to increase the nutritional value and functionality of lupin.
Ball milling improves extractability and antioxidant properties of the active constituents of mushroom Inonotus obliquus powders
Authors: Wang Jia , Wang Cong , Li Weiwei , Pan Yuxiang , Yuan Guoqi , Chen Haixia 
Published: July 2016

SummaryInonotus obliquus has been used as a folk remedy for a long time. An improved method using fine grinding by ball mill was investigated, and the main chemical components and physicochemical properties of Inonotus obliquus powders were analysed. The Inonotus obliquus fine grinding powders were prepared by pulverising the coarse powder with planetary ball mill for different time. The results showed that the yields of polysaccharides increased from 41.08 mg g−1 (coarse powder) to 319.62 mg g−1, and the yields of polyphenols were also increased fourfold in ball‐milled powders as compared to the untreated one. Ball‐milled powders showed higher values in the bulk density, angles of repose and slide, water solubility index and swelling capacity (P < 0.05), but lower values in the water‐holding capacity and oil‐holding capacity. The shape and surface morphology of the powders were changed after ball mill treatment. The antioxidant properties of the extracts from ball‐milled powders were significantly improved (P < 0.05). The results will be helpful for the application of Inonotus obliquus in food and pharmaceutical industries.
Effects of different cooking methods on some chemical and sensory properties of Galega kale
Authors: Armesto Jorge , Gómez‐Limia Lucía , Carballo Javier , Martínez Sidonia 
Published: July 2016

SummaryKale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) is rich in bioactive phytochemicals such as phenolic compounds and vitamins. However, cooking the plants can cause important changes in composition. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of some domestic cooking processes (boiling, steaming, microwaving and pressure cooking) on several quality parameters of Galega kale. Boiling had the strongest effect on the antioxidant capacity (the IC50 was four times higher than in the fresh sample), total phenolics (losses of 76.4–77.9%) and colour (ΔE = 17.79–19.12). Microwaving caused the greatest loss of soluble solids (80.8–82.2%). Steaming seems to be the best method for retaining the nutrient and antioxidant capacity of kale (100% ash, 71–77.5% soluble solids, 100% antioxidant capacity, 67–71% total phenolics, 62–71% chlorophyll). However, steamed kale was awarded the lowest sensory scores, indicating the difficulty in reconciling nutritional value and sensorial quality. Use of discriminant statistical techniques enabled the classification of 100% of samples.
Food taboos and nutrition‐related pregnancy concerns among Ethiopian women
Authors: Vasilevski Vidanka , Carolan‐Olah Mary 
Published: July 2016

Aims and objectivesTo discuss Ethiopian food taboos during pregnancy and their relation to maternal nutritional status and pregnancy outcomes.BackgroundRecent waves of migration have seen large groups of Ethiopian refugees moving to countries around the globe. This is of concern as Ethiopian women are at risk of a number of medical and pregnancy complications. Health is further compromised by poor diet and adherence to cultural food beliefs and taboos. In refugee women, many of these factors correspond with significantly higher rates of pregnancy complications and poor birth outcomes.DesignThis is a discussion paper informed by a literature review.MethodsA search of the Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and Academic Search Premier databases for the keywords Ethiopian, pregnancy, food and taboos was conducted in the research literature published from 1998–2015. This time is contingent with Ethiopian migration trends.ResultsEthiopian migrant women are at risk of inadequate nutrition during pregnancy. Risks include cultural factors associated with food taboos as well as issues associated with low socioeconomic status. Consequently, Ethiopian women are more likely to have nutritional deficiencies such as anaemia which have been associated with a range of pregnancy complications.ConclusionsThere are many serious consequences of poor diet during pregnancy; however, most of these can be avoided by greater awareness about the role of nutrition during pregnancy and by adopting a balanced diet.Relevance to clinical practiceThere is an urgent unmet need for nutrition education among Ethiopian women. Research indicates that Ethiopian women are receptive to nutritional advice during pregnancy and also that pregnant women are generally motivated to act in the baby's interest. These factors suggest that this high‐risk group would be amenable to culturally appropriate nutrition education, which would provide much‐needed meaningful support in pregnancy.
Pathogen‐induced ERF68 regulates hypersensitive cell death in tomato
Authors: Liu An‐Chi , Cheng Chiu‐Ping 
Published: July 2016

SummaryEthylene response factors (ERFs) are a large plant‐specific transcription factor family and play diverse important roles in various plant functions. However, most tomato ERFs have not been characterized. In this study, we showed that the expression of an uncharacterized member of the tomato ERF‐IX subgroup, ERF68, was significantly induced by treatments with different bacterial pathogens, ethylene (ET) and salicylic acid (SA), but only slightly induced by bacterial mutants defective in the type III secretion system (T3SS) or non‐host pathogens. The ERF68‐green fluorescent protein (ERF68‐GFP) fusion protein was localized in the nucleus. Transactivation and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) further showed that ERF68 was a functional transcriptional activator and was bound to the GCC‐box. Moreover, transient overexpression of ERF68 led to spontaneous lesions in tomato and tobacco leaves and enhanced the expression of genes involved in ET, SA, jasmonic acid (JA) and hypersensitive response (HR) pathways, whereas silencing of ERF68 increased tomato susceptibility to two incompatible Xanthomonas spp. These results reveal the involvement of ERF68 in the effector‐triggered immunity (ETI) pathway. To identify ERF68 target genes, chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with high‐throughput sequencing (ChIP‐seq) was performed. Amongst the confirmed target genes, a few genes involved in cell death or disease defence were differentially regulated by ERF68. Our study demonstrates the function of ERF68 in the positive regulation of hypersensitive cell death and disease defence by modulation of multiple signalling pathways, and provides important new information on the complex regulatory function of ERFs.
Does cognitive decline decrease health utility value in older adult patients with cancer?
Authors: Akechi Tatsuo , Aiki Sayo , Sugano Koji , Uchida Megumi , Yamada Atsuro , Komatsu Hirokazu , Ishida Takashi , Kusumoto Shigeru , Iida Shinsuke , Okuyama Toru 
Published: July 2016

AimCognitive decline is common among older adults with cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of cognitive decline on health utility value in older adults suffering from cancer.MethodsConsecutive patients aged 65 years or older with a primary diagnosis of malignant lymphoma or multiple myeloma were recruited. Patients were asked to complete the EuroQoL‐5 (EQ‐5D) scale to measure health utility and the Mini‐Mental State Examination to assess cognitive decline. The potential impact of cognitive decline was investigated with univariate analysis. A multivariate regression analysis was conducted to control for potential confounding factors.ResultsComplete data were obtained from 87 patients, 29% of whom had cognitive decline. The mean ± SE EQ‐5D score for patients with cognitive decline was significantly lower than that for those without cognitive decline (0.67 ± 0.04 vs 0.79 ± 0.03, t = 2.38, P = 0.02). However, multiple regression analysis showed that cognitive decline was not significantly associated with EQ‐5D scores. Female sex and lower performance scores (worse physical condition) were significantly associated with EQ‐5D scores.ConclusionsCognitive decline may be involved in decreased health utility value in older adult patients with cancer. However, this effect does not seem to be independent, and the patient's physical condition may be a relevant confounding factor.
Access to Childcare in Europe: Parents' Logistical Challenges in Cross‐national Perspective
Authors: McLean Caitlin , Naumann Ingela , Koslowski Alison 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA burgeoning comparative literature has identified the centrality of childcare policy and provision in promoting parental, and specifically maternal, participation in paid employment across countries. This literature has focused on the importance of macro‐level institutional arrangements, with a special emphasis on variation in availability of, and access to, formal early childhood education and care services. However, there has been limited comparative exploration of what this means in practice at the micro‐level: the everyday challenges parents face when attempting to navigate the childcare system and the labour market simultaneously. Taking inspiration from human geography literature on the concept of ‘space–time fixity’, we present cross‐national findings on the logistical challenges of arranging childcare. Evidence is drawn from interviews with parent‐ and childcare‐related organizations in six European countries: Germany, Hungary, Italy, Slovenia, Sweden and the UK. Our research provides a richer understanding of childcare availability than would a sole focus on formal childcare services, by elucidating the difficulties parents face in organizing access to these services, which can be a challenge to some extent even in contexts where childcare services are comprehensive and affordable.
Culture-Independent Detection of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Clinical Respiratory Samples
Authors: Scoleri Gianny P. , Choo Jocelyn M. , Leong Lex E. X. , Goddard Thomas R. , Shephard Lisa , Burr Lucy D. , Bastian Ivan , Thomson Rachel M. , Rogers Geraint B. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT

Culture-based detection of nontuberculous
Mycobacteria
(NTM) in respiratory samples is time consuming and can be subject to overgrowth by nonmycobacterial bacteria. We describe a single-reaction TaqMan quantitative PCR assay for the direct detection of NTM species in clinical samples that is specific, sensitive, and robust.
Examining the associations between HIV-related stigma and health outcomes in people living with HIV/AIDS: a series of meta-analyses
Authors: Rueda Sergio , Mitra Sanjana , Chen Shiyi , Gogolishvili David , Globerman Jason , Chambers Lori , Wilson Mike , Logie Carmen H , Shi Qiyun , Morassaei Sara , Rourke Sean B 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review and series of meta-analyses on the association between HIV-related stigma and health among people living with HIV.Data sourcesA structured search was conducted on 6 electronic databases for journal articles reporting associations between HIV-related stigma and health-related outcomes published between 1996 and 2013.Study eligibility criteriaControlled studies, cohort studies, case-control studies and cross-sectional studies in people living with HIV were considered for inclusion.Outcome measuresMental health (depressive symptoms, emotional and mental distress, anxiety), quality of life, physical health, social support, adherence to antiretroviral therapy, access to and usage of health/social services and risk behaviours.Results64 studies were included in our meta-analyses. We found significant associations between HIV-related stigma and higher rates of depression, lower social support and lower levels of adherence to antiretroviral medications and access to and usage of health and social services. Weaker relationships were observed between HIV-related stigma and anxiety, quality of life, physical health, emotional and mental distress and sexual risk practices. While risk of bias assessments revealed overall good quality related to how HIV stigma and health outcomes were measured on the included studies, high risk of bias among individual studies was observed in terms of appropriate control for potential confounders. Additional research should focus on elucidating the mechanisms behind the negative relationship between stigma and health to better inform interventions to reduce the impact of stigma on the health and well-being of people with HIV.ConclusionsThis systematic review and series of meta-analyses support the notion that HIV-related stigma has a detrimental impact on a variety of health-related outcomes in people with HIV. This review can inform the development of multifaceted, intersectoral interventions to reduce the impact of HIV-related stigma on the health and well-being of people living with HIV.
Endovascular parent vessel sacrifice in ruptured dissecting vertebral and posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysms: clinical outcomes and review of the literature
Authors: Madaelil Thomas P , Wallace Adam N , Chatterjee Arindam N , Zipfel Gregory J , Dacey Ralph G , Cross DeWitte T , Moran Christopher J , Derdeyn Colin P 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundRuptured intracranial dissecting aneurysms must be secured quickly to prevent re-hemorrhage. Endovascular sacrifice of the diseased segment is a well-established treatment method, however postoperative outcomes of symptomatic stroke and re-hemorrhage rates are not well reported, particularly for the perforator-rich distal vertebral artery or proximal posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed cases of ruptured distal vertebral artery or PICA dissecting aneurysms that underwent endovascular treatment. Diagnosis was based on the presence of subarachnoid hemorrhage on initial CT imaging and of a dissecting aneurysm on catheter angiography. Patients with vertebral artery aneurysms were selected for coil embolization of the diseased arterial segment based on the adequacy of flow to the basilar artery from the contralateral vertebral artery. Patients with PICA aneurysms were generally treated only if they were poor surgical candidates. Outcomes included symptomatic and asymptomatic procedure-related cerebral infarction, recurrent aneurysm rupture, angiographic aneurysm recurrence, and estimated modified Rankin Scale (mRS).ResultsDuring the study period, 12 patients with dissecting aneurysms involving the distal vertebral artery (n=10) or PICA (n=2) were treated with endovascular sacrifice. Two patients suffered an ischemic infarction, one of whom was symptomatic (8.3%). One patient (8.3%) died prior to hospital discharge. No aneurysm recurrence was identified on follow-up imaging. Ten patients (83%) made a good recovery (mRS ≤2). Median clinical and imaging follow-up periods were 41.7 months (range 0–126.4 months) and 14.3 months (range 0.03–88.6 months), respectively.ConclusionsIn patients with good collateral circulation, endovascular sacrifice may be the preferred treatment for acutely ruptured dissecting aneurysms involving the distal vertebral artery.
Use of the pCONus as an adjunct to coil embolization of acutely ruptured aneurysms
Authors: Pérez M Aguilar , Bhogal P , Moreno R Martinez , Wendl C , Bäzner H , Ganslandt O , Henkes H 
Published: July 2016

IntroductionCoil embolization of ruptured aneurysms has become the standard treatment in many situations. However, certain aneurysm morphologies pose technical difficulties and may require the use of adjunctive devices.ObjectiveTo present our experience with the pCONus, a new neck bridging device, as an adjunct to coil embolization for acutely ruptured aneurysms and discuss the technical success, angiographic and clinical outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of our database of prospectively collected data to identify all patients who presented with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage that required adjunctive treatment with the pCONus in the acute stage. We searched the database between April 2011 and April 2016.Results21 patients were identified (13 male, 8 female) with an average age of 54.6 years (range 31–73). 8 aneurysms were located at the basilar artery tip, 7 at the anterior communicating artery, 4 at the middle cerebral artery bifurcation, 1 pericallosal, and 1 basilar fenestration. 61.8% patients achieved modified Raymond–Roy classification I or II at immediate angiography, with 75% of patients having completely occluded aneurysms or stable appearance at initial follow-up. There were no repeat aneurysmal ruptures and two device-related complications (no permanent morbidity). Four patients in our cohort died.ConclusionsUse of the pCONus is safe and effective in patients with acutely ruptured aneurysms and carries a high rate of technical success.
Treatment of stable partial cruciate rupture (Grade 1 sprain) in five dogs with tibial plateau levelling osteotomy
Authors: Barger B , Piazza A , Muir P 
Published: July 2016

Tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) is increasingly being used for treatment of stable partial cruciate ligament rupture (CR) in dogs. Medical records for TPLO‐treated dogs from 2003 to 2014 were reviewed and five cases were identified. Data retrieved included physical examination, diagnostic imaging and treatment. At long‐term follow‐up, the outcome was evaluated by clinical examination, stifle radiographs and force platform gait analysis. The time to follow‐up examination was 892±673 days for six stable stifle TPLO treatments in five dogs. Stifles with partial CR remained cranial drawer and cranial tibial thrust negative at follow‐up, with little progression of stifle osteoarthritis (OA). These observations suggest that TPLO is an effective clinical treatment for dogs with lameness because of partial CR. TPLO treatment reduces cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) strain, based on ex vivo model studies. Clinically, TPLO may act to block fibre tearing in the CrCL and associated progression of stifle OA in dogs with partial CR.
Motion-Compensated Temporal Frame Interpolation Algorithm Based on Global Entirety Unidirectional Motion Estimation and Local Fast Bidirectional Motion Estimation
Authors: Shi Zhiyong , Tian Fengchun , Deng Minjun , Liu Depeng 
Published: July 2016

To solve the uncertainty of motion for objects displayed on liquid crystal display (LCD), the motion estimation (ME) algorithm on the basis of global entirety unidirectional motion and local fast bidirectional motion (GEU-LFB) is proposed for motion-compensated temporal frame interpolation (MCTFI). Firstly, by observing the moving objects in the scene, we will obtain a set of global motion vectors (MVs). Secondly, the fast local search based on the bidirectional ME is executed. Additionally, to make up for the defect of the bidirectional ME, a method to generate the exposure mask and the occlusion mask is proposed by cleverly using the matching criterion of absolute difference and the set of global MVs. Next, the optimal MV field is smoothed by the vector median filter. Finally, the temporal interpolation frame obtained through the weighted filtering compensation method is further improved by using masks. Overall, the experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance than the existing methods in terms of objective and subjective criteria. Moreover, it can solve problems of exposure and occlusion, and get better frame interpolation for the video sequence with fast moving targets.