bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A tradução da política de avaliação pelos programas de pós-graduação em educação no Brasil
Authors: Hostins Regina Célia Linhares 
Published: May 2017

O artigo se insere no âmbito dos estudos sobre políticas educacionais, notadamente sobre as políticas de avaliação da pós-graduação em Educação, intensificadas no Brasil, na década de 1990, com a reforma educacional de matriz neoliberal. Busca-se analisar os processos de interpretação e tradução da política pelos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Educação que, na avaliação do triênio 2010, emergiram do conceito 5 para 6, alcançando o patamar de excelência, equivalente ao dos centros internacionais de pesquisa na área. Trata-se de pesquisa documental, cujas fontes de análise são documentos produzidos:1) pela Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – CAPES, vinculada ao Ministério da Educação e responsável pela regulação das políticas de pós-graduação no Brasil; 2) pelos Programas de pós-graduação e postados no sistema de coleta CAPES, nos anos que compuseram a avaliação trienal 2010 (2007-2009). Os documentos estão disponíveis no site da CAPES e são de acesso livre. O estudo tem como base teórico-metodológica, a teoria da interpretação/tradução da política no contexto da prática (Theory of policy enactment) proposta por Ball, Maguire e Braun. Os resultados indicam que a política de avaliação, mesmo que altamente delimitada e configurada por rígidos critérios e padrões internacionais não é simplesmente implementada – linear e acriticamente – no contexto da prática. Nos limites consentidos, nos variados contextos relacionais envolvidos, os atores produzem uma leitura ativa dos textos da política, que se transforma em objeto de recontextualização, reconfiguração e tradução.
Effects of Osteopathic Manipulative Therapy on Pain and Mood Disorders in Patients With High-Frequency Migraine
Authors: D’Ippolito Mariagrazia , Tramontano Marco , Buzzi Maria Gabriella 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Context
The substantial functional impairment associated with migraine has both physical and emotional ramifications. Mood disorders are often comorbid in patients with migraine and are known to adversely affect migraine activity.

Objectives
To explore the effects of osteopathic manipulative therapy (OMTh; manipulative care provided by foreign-trained osteopaths) on pain and mood disorders in patients with high-frequency migraine.

Methods
Retrospective review of the medical records of patients with high-frequency migraine who were treated with OMTh at the Headache Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Fondazione Santa Lucia from 2011 to 2015. Clinical assessments were made using the Headache Disability Inventory (HDI), the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) forms X-1 and X-2.

Results
Medical records of 11 patients (6 women; mean age, 47.5 [7.8] years) with a diagnosis of high-frequency migraine who participated in an OMTh program met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. When the questionnaire scores obtained at the first visit (T0) and after 4 OMTh sessions (T1) were compared, significant improvement in scores were observed on STAI X-2 (T0: 43.18 [2.47]; T1: 39.45 [2.52]; P<.05), HIT-6 (T0: 63 [2.20]; T1: 56.27 [2.24]; P<.05), and HDI (T0: 58.72 [6.75]; T1: 45.09 [7.01]; P<.05).

Conclusion
This preliminary study revealed that patients with high-frequency migraine and comorbid mood disorders showed significant improvement after four 45-minute OMTh sessions. Further investigation into the effects of OMTh on pain and mood disorders in patients with high-frequency migraine is needed.
Sobre puntos de la gramática particularmente resistentes al cambio: cuatro (largos) siglos en la evolución de las relativas oblicuas de lugar. Un análisis variacionista
Authors: Blas Arroyo José Luis , Velando Casanova Mónica 
Published: May 2017

Mediante la utilización del paradigma variacionista y el empleo de un corpus integrado por textos de inmediatez comunicativa, mayoritariamente de carácter epistolar, en esta investigación se analiza un caso de la sintaxis particularmente resistente al cambio: la alternancia entre soluciones pronominales (que y, en menor medida, cual) y adverbiales (donde) en las relativas oblicuas locativas desde el siglo XVI hasta la primera mitad del XX. De los tres análisis de regresión independientes realizados, uno por cada periodo (siglos XVI, XVIII y XX), se deriva un avance paulatino, aunque moderado, de las formas pronominales a lo largo de los siglos y la progresiva disminución del adverbio donde. Con todo, algunos factores lingüísticos se revelan especialmente persistentes en la explicación de la variabilidad (semántica, función sintáctica y categoría del antecedente, junto al priming estructural y la sintaxis de la cláusula regente), lo que dificulta la progresión del cambio. Con respecto a los factores extralingüísticos, la frecuencia de los relativos pronominales en los contextos comunicativos más distantes, así como su uso preferente por parte de las élites sociales y las generaciones adultas, muestra que estas formas se han adscrito a lo largo de la historia a los registros más formales y prestigiosos.
Increasing game prices may alter farmers’ behaviours towards leopards (Panthera pardus) and other carnivores in South Africa
Authors: Pirie Tara J. , Thomas Rebecca L. , Fellowes Mark D.E. 
Published: May 2017

Human-carnivore conflict occurs globally, particularly in regions where large carnivores predate livestock. Retaliatory killings do occur, and although predation of livestock by carnivores happens, losses from other factors such as disease or injury can be misattributed because of landowner perceptions. Game farming for both trophy hunting and eco-tourism is becoming increasingly common in South Africa, and there has been a rapid increase in the cost of game animals (in some species as much as five-fold) between 2010 and 2015. This could result in an increase in conflict between commercial game farmers and carnivores. We conducted two questionnaire surveys of farmers in 2010 and 2015 to investigate this. We asked if there had been changes in farming practices, perceived predator activity, perceived amount of livestock and commercial game losses, and actions taken towards carnivores in a South African farming community. We found no significant change in farming types in the area or losses of livestock between the years. However, there was a significant increase in perceived commercial game losses reported, even though protection of game had increased. Actions taken towards carnivores by livestock/game farmers were also significantly more negative in 2015 compared to farmers growing crops, but there was no such difference in 2010. We suggest that these changes could be a result of the increase in game prices over that period, leading to greater financial losses when an animal is predated, which in turn could increase the likelihood of retaliatory killings of carnivores.
Radar sounding of Lucus Planum, Mars, by MARSIS
Authors: Orosei Roberto , Rossi Angelo Pio , Cantini Federico , Caprarelli Graziella , Carter Lynn M. , Papiano Irene , Cartacci Marco , Cicchetti Andrea , Noschese Raffaella 
Published: May 2017

AbstractLucus Planum, extending for a radius of approximately 500 km around 181°E, 5°S, is part of the Medusae Fossae Formation (MFF), a set of several discontinuous deposits of fine‐grained, friable material straddling across the Martian highland‐lowland boundary. The MFF has been variously hypothesized to consist of pyroclastic flows, pyroclastic airfall, paleopolar deposits, or atmospherically deposited icy dust driven by climate cycles. Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding (MARSIS), a low‐frequency subsurface‐sounding radar carried by European Space Agency's Mars Express, acquired 238 radar swaths across Lucus Planum, providing sufficient coverage for the study of its internal structure and dielectric properties. Subsurface reflections were found only in three areas, marked by a distinctive surface morphology, while the central part of Lucus Planum appears to be made of radar‐attenuating material preventing the detection of basal echoes. The bulk dielectric properties of these areas were estimated and compared with those of volcanic rocks and ice‐dust mixtures. Previous interpretations that east Lucus Planum and the deposits on the northwestern flanks of Apollinaris Patera consist of high‐porosity pyroclastic material are strongly supported by the new results. The northwestern part of Lucus Planum is likely to be much less porous, although interpretations about the nature of the subsurface materials are not conclusive. The exact origin of the deposits cannot be constrained by radar data alone, but our results for east Lucus Planum are consistent with an overall pyroclastic origin, likely linked to Tharsis Hesperian and Amazonian activity.
Tundra is a consistent source of CO2 at a site with progressive permafrost thaw during 6 years of chamber and eddy covariance measurements
Authors: Celis Gerardo , Mauritz Marguerite , Bracho Rosvel , Salmon Verity G. , Webb Elizabeth E. , Hutchings Jack , Natali Susan M. , Schädel Christina , Crummer Kathryn G. , Schuur Edward A. G. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractCurrent and future warming of high‐latitude ecosystems will play an important role in climate change through feedbacks to the global carbon cycle. This study compares 6 years of CO2 flux measurements in moist acidic tundra using autochambers and eddy covariance (Tower) approaches. We found that the tundra was an annual source of CO2 to the atmosphere as indicated by net ecosystem exchange using both methods with a combined mean of 105 ± 17 g CO2 C m−2 y−1 across methods and years (Tower 87 ± 17 and Autochamber 123 ± 14). The difference between methods was largest early in the observation period, with Autochambers indicated a greater CO2 source to the atmosphere. This discrepancy diminished through time, and in the final year the Autochambers measured a greater sink strength than tower. Active layer thickness was a significant driver of net ecosystem carbon exchange, gross ecosystem primary productivity, and Reco and could account for differences between Autochamber and Tower. The stronger source initially attributed lower summer season gross primary production (GPP) during the first 3 years, coupled with lower ecosystem respiration (Reco) during the first year. The combined suppression of GPP and Reco in the first year of Autochamber measurements could be the result of the experimental setup. Root damage associated with Autochamber soil collar installation may have lowered the plant community's capacity to fix C, but recovered within 3 years. While this ecosystem was a consistent CO2 sink during the summer, CO2 emissions during the nonsummer months offset summer CO2 uptake each year.
Replicating annual North Atlantic hurricane activity 1878–2012 from environmental variables
Authors: Saunders Mark A. , Klotzbach Philip J. , Lea Adam S. R. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractStatistical models can replicate annual North Atlantic hurricane activity from large‐scale environmental field data for August and September, the months of peak hurricane activity. We assess how well the six environmental fields used most often in contemporary statistical modeling of seasonal hurricane activity replicate North Atlantic hurricane numbers and Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) over the 135 year period from 1878 to 2012. We find that these fields replicate historical hurricane activity surprisingly well, showing that contemporary statistical models and their seasonal physical links have long‐term robustness. We find that August–September zonal trade wind speed over the Caribbean Sea and the tropical North Atlantic is the environmental field which individually replicates long‐term hurricane activity the best and that trade wind speed combined with the difference in sea surface temperature between the tropical Atlantic and the tropical mean is the best multi‐predictor model. Comparing the performance of the best single‐predictor and best multi‐predictor models shows that they exhibit little difference in hindcast skill for predicting long‐term ACE but that the best multipredictor model offers improved skill for predicting long‐term hurricane numbers. We examine whether replicated real‐time prediction skill 1983–2012 increases as the model training period lengthens and find evidence that this happens slowly. We identify a dropout in hurricane replication centered on the 1940s and show that this is likely due to a decrease in data quality which affects all data sets but Atlantic sea surface temperatures in particular. Finally, we offer insights on the implications of our findings for seasonal hurricane prediction.
New evidence for Kuroshio inflow and deepwater circulation in the Okinawa Trough, East China Sea: Sedimentary mercury variations over the last 20 kyr
Authors: Lim Dhongil , Kim Jihun , Xu Zhaokai , Jeong Kapsik , Jung Hoisoo 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe evolution of the Kuroshio Current (KC) in the Okinawa Trough (OT) has long been of paleoceanographic interest and has been the focus of many investigations because of its large impacts on both the ocean environment and the climate in East Asia. Here we present a new high‐resolution mercury (Hg) record from the OT sediments that provides robust evidence for the glacial‐interglacial variabilities of KC inflow. The Hg levels are anomalously high in the Holocene deposits, which feature a large and abrupt Hg increase at ~9.6 ka and a significant drop at 4.5–3.2 ka. Our observations show that most Hg was derived from seafloor hydrothermal plumes via active lateral transportation. Thus, the generally high Hg levels since ~9.6 ka are associated with enhanced basin‐wide deepwater circulation triggered by the KC inflow. This driving mechanism for the deposition and widespread of Hg is also evidenced by an abrupt drop in Hg levels during the late Holocene neoglacial cold period (~5–3 ka) when the KC inflow was temporarily interrupted and deepwater circulation was consequently weak or even absent in the OT. The changes in sedimentary Hg appear to be synchronous with those in other geochemical proxies that suggest that bottom water conditions switched from anoxic to oxic due to increased upwelling from the bottom in tandem with the strengthening KC and reduced freshwater effect since ~9.6 ka. This study shows that the hydrothermal Hg is a sensitive and independent tool for the reconstruction of paleodynamics of KC in the OT.
Site‐Directed Mutagenesis Studies on the Toluene Dioxygenase Enzymatic System: Role of Phenylalanine 366, Threonine 365 and Isoleucine 324 in the Chemo‐, Regio‐, and Stereoselectivity
Authors: Vila María Agustina , Umpiérrez Diego , Veiga Nicolás , Seoane Gustavo , Carrera Ignacio , Rodríguez Giordano Sonia 
Published: May 2017

AbstractToluene Dioxygenase (TDO) enzymatic complex has been widely used as a biocatalyst for the regio‐ and enantioselective preparation of cis‐cyclohexadienediols, which are very important starting materials for organic synthesis. However, the lack of regio‐ and stereodiversity of the dioxygenation process by TDO and related dioxygenases constitutes a clear drawback when planning the use of these diols in synthetic schemes. In this work, we developed three TDO mutants in residues phenylalanine 366, threonine 365 and isoleucine 324, with the aim to alter the chemo‐, regio‐ and stereoselectivity of the biotransformation of arenes. While no changes in the regioselectivity of the process were observed, dramatic variations in the chemo‐ and enantioselectivity were found for mutants I324F, T365N and F366 V in a substrate‐dependent manner.magnified image
An Enantioselective Multicomponent Carbonyl Allylation of Aldehydes with Dienes and Alkynyl Bromides Enabled by Chiral Palladium Phosphate
Authors: Shen Hong‐Cheng , Wang Pu‐Sheng , Tao Zhong‐Lin , Han Zhi‐Yong , Gong Liu‐Zhu 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAn enantioselective multicomponent carbonyl allylation reaction of 1,3‐butadienes, alkynyl bromides and aldehydes has been established, leading to the generation of densely functionalized homoallylic alcohols in high levels of structural diversity and stereoselectivity. The multicomponent process sequentially comprises the oxidative addition, salt metathesis, insertion/π‐allyl‐Pd formation, asymmetric allylic borylation, and enantioslecitve carbonyl allylborylation, wherein the alkynyl palladium phosphate in situ generated from the chiral silver phosphate and the alkynyl palladium bromide turns out to be a key intermediate that allows the efficient stereochemical control.magnified image
Does Test‐enhanced Learning Improve Success Rates of Ultrasound‐guided Peripheral Intravenous Insertion? A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Slomer Adam , Chenkin Jordan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIntroductionTeaching procedural skills in medicine is time‐ and resource‐intensive, and it is therefore important to determine which educational strategies are most effective. Test‐enhanced learning (TEL) has been demonstrated to be effective in improving learner retention; however, there is little research evaluating the testing effect on the acquisition of procedural skills in medicine. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of TEL on learning ultrasound‐guided intravenous (USG IV) insertion on a simulated model.MethodsWe conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial of medical students at a single tertiary care academic hospital. Participants were randomized to either the TEL group (TEG) or control group (CG). Each group received an USG peripheral IV teaching session that included a didactic portion and hands‐on skills training. The training sessions were identical except that the TEG was informed at the outset that there would be an assessment at the end of the session. The TEG then received a formal assessment of the skill during the last 15 minutes of the session, whereas the CG had continued practice time. Subjects in both groups were evaluated 10–14 days later to compare skill performance using a simulation‐based assessment tool consisting of a global rating scale (GRS) and checklist items.ResultsThirty medical students completed the study, 15 in the TEG and 15 in the CG. There were no significant differences between the two groups at baseline based on year of medical training or prior IV or ultrasound experience. The overall procedural success rate was 93.3% (95% CI = 79.0%–100.0%) in the TEG and 80.0% (95% CI = 57.1%–100%) in the CG (p = 0.60). The first‐attempt failure rate was 13.3% (95% CI = 0.0%–32.8%) in the TEG and 33.3% (95% CI = 6.3%–60.4%) in the CG (p = 0.39). There were no statistically significant differences between the means of the GRS (TEG = 4.7, CG = 4.2; p = 0.53, r = 0.11) or checklist scores (TEG = 78.6%, CG = 75.3%; p = 0.20, r = 0.24).ConclusionsIn this study of novice learners, both TEL with structured practice and structured practice alone lead to high success rates performing USG IV insertion on a simulated model. While we noted a trend toward higher procedural success rates and lower first‐attempt failure rates in the TEG, these did not meet statistical significance. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to determine whether the beneficial effects of TEL can be transferred to procedural skills teaching.
A case series of pelvic fracture patients who developed lower urinary tract symptoms after transarterial embolization of bilateral internal iliac arteries
Authors: Sagawa Koji , Sawano Makoto 
Published: May 2017

CasesTransarterial embolization of bilateral internal iliac arteries (TAE) is a useful hemostatic method for the management of pelvic fracture patients, but its effects on urinary functions remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the impact of TAE on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in 10 pelvic fracture patients.OutcomesLower urinary tract symptoms before and after hospitalization were evaluated by International Prostate Symptoms Score, Overactive Bladder Symptoms Score, and Quality Of Life score. All scores showed significant worsening. The changes did not correlate with sex, age, injury severity score, or durations of unstable hemodynamics or urethral catheterization. Changes of International Prostate Symptoms Score and Quality Of Life score showed significant positive correlations with intervals between the evaluations.ConclusionPelvic fracture patients treated with TAE showed significant worsening of LUTS. Risk for exacerbation of LUTS should be taken into consideration when deciding to use TAE.
Synthese, Struktur und Bindungsanalyse eines homoleptischen Berylliumazids
Authors: Naglav Dominik , Tobey Briac , Lyhs Benjamin , Römer Beate , Bläser Dieter , Wölper Christoph , Jansen Georg , Schulz Stephan 
Published: May 2017

Abstract[Ph4P]2[Be(N3)4] (1) und [PNP]2[Be(N3)4] (2; PNP=Ph3PNPPh3) wurden durch Reaktion von Be(N3)2 mit [Ph4P]N3 und [PNP]N3 synthetisiert. Das Tetraazidoberyllat‐Dianion [Be(N3)4]2− (1′) repräsentiert das erste strukturell charakterisierte homoleptische Berylliumazid, und die elektronische Struktur und Bindungssituation in 1′ wurde mit quantenchemischen Methoden (NPA, ELF, LOL) untersucht.
The Formation of Surface Lithium–Iron Ternary Hydride and its Function on Catalytic Ammonia Synthesis at Low Temperatures
Authors: Wang Peikun , Xie Hua , Guo Jianping , Zhao Zhi , Kong Xiangtao , Gao Wenbo , Chang Fei , He Teng , Wu Guotao , Chen Mingshu , Jiang Ling , Chen Ping 
Published: May 2017

AbstractLithium hydride (LiH) has a strong effect on iron leading to an approximately 3 orders of magnitude increase in catalytic ammonia synthesis. The existence of lithium–iron ternary hydride species at the surface/interface of the catalyst were identified and characterized for the first time by gas‐phase optical spectroscopy coupled with mass spectrometry and quantum chemical calculations. The ternary hydride species may serve as centers that readily activate and hydrogenate dinitrogen, forming Fe‐(NH2)‐Li and LiNH2 moieties—possibly through a redox reaction of dinitrogen and hydridic hydrogen (LiH) that is mediated by iron—showing distinct differences from ammonia formation mediated by conventional iron or ruthenium‐based catalysts. Hydrogen‐associated activation and conversion of dinitrogen are discussed.
Tetranitromethan – ein Albtraum molekularer Flexibilität in Gasphase und Festkörper
Authors: Vishnevskiy Yury V. , Tikhonov Denis S. , Schwabedissen Jan , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Moll Richard , Krumm Burkhard , Klapötke Thomas M. , Mitzel Norbert W. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractNach zahlreichen Versuchen in den letzten sieben Dekaden, eine Beschreibung des einfachen, hochsymmetrischen Moleküls Tetranitromethan (C(NO2)4, TNM) zu erhalten, welche die Ergebnisse aus Streuexperimenten und Spektroskopie erklärt, wurde die Struktur nun in Gasphase und Festkörper aufgeklärt. Für die Gasphase war eine neuartige Modellierung mittels eines vierdimensionalen dynamischen Modells für die korrelierte Torsionsdynamik der vier C‐NO2‐Einheiten zur Beschreibung der experimentellen Elektronenstreuintensitäten nötig. Für die stark fehlgeordnete kristalline Hochtemperaturphase wurde ein Modell entwickelt, und eine geordnete Tieftemperaturphase ermöglichte eine Strukturbestimmung. TNM ist ein Standardbeispiel für molekulare Flexibilität, das Strukturaufklärungsmethoden an die Grenzen ihrer Anwendbarkeit bringt.