bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chitosan‐enhanced sensitivity of mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA)‐ capped gold nanorod based localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensor for detection of alpha‐synuclein oligomer biomarker in parkinson’s disease
Authors: Apaydın Begum Balkan , Çamoğlu Tugay , Canbek Özdil Zeliha Cansu , Gezen‐Ak Duygu , Ege Duygu , Gülsoy Murat 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAlpha‐synuclein oligomers play a crucial role in the early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, a mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA)‐capped gold nanorod (GNR)‐coated and chitosan (CH)‐immobilized fiber optic probe has shown considerable sensitivity of its detection. The proposed U‐shaped fiber optic biosensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) was applied to detect α‐syn oligomer (OA) biomarker. By analyzing OA concentrations, the biosensor achieved a limit of detection of (LOD) 11 pM within the concentration range of 10–100 pM and the sensitivity value was found as 502.69 Δλ/RIU. Upon analysis of the CV% (coefficient of variation) and accuracy/recovery values, it is revealed that the sensor successfully fulfilled the criteria for success, displaying accuracy/recovery values within the range of 80%–120% and CV% values below 20%. This sensor presents significant advantages, including high sensitivity, specificity, and ability to detect very low concentrations of OA. In conclusion, the suggested U‐shaped fiber optic biosensor has the potential to be valuable in the early detection of PD from a clinical perspective.
Azobenzene‐Attached (NHC)Gold(I) and (NHC)Copper(I) Complexes as Photoswitchable Catalysts
Authors: Islam Sk Aminul , Ghosh Ayan , Kundu Kshama , Murugan Indukumari , Kundu Pintu K. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPhotoswitchable (pre)catalysts, N,N′‐bis‐azobenzene‐based (NHC)gold(I) and N,N′‐bis‐azobenzene‐derived (NHC)copper(I) complexes are reported. Trans to cis isomerization of the attached photoswitchable moieties in the Au(I) complex enables four‐fold decrement in the rate of oxazoline formation reaction. Whereas the progress of the copper(I) catalyzed, azide‐alkyne cycloaddition reaction gets reduced by at least threefold. Alternate exposure to UV and blue light could easily toggle the rate of reactions remotely. The catalytic activity of thermodynamically stable trans‐trans isomers is found to be similar to the common N‐aryl substituted NHC−Au/Cu(I) complexes. NHC−Au(I) and −Cu(I) compounds bearing (trans)azobenzene moieties were characterized by X‐ray diffraction. Photoswitching, recyclability studies, and the metastable isomer's thermal half‐life in both complexes were studied via UV‐visible spectroscopy. Whereas the extent of photoswitching and concomitant formation of geometrical isomers were investigated by using 1H‐NMR spectroscopic study. Calculated percentage buried volumes of the three geometrical isomers show the trend trans‐trans<trans‐cis<cis‐cis.
Novel Methods for the Formation of Free Carbyne Radicals in Solution
Authors: Avisar Shay , Shner Yahel , Cherki Etoile , Bogoslavsky Benny , Bino Avi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCarbyne free radicals
(RC) are usually associated with high‐energy processes, thus research on their preparation, chemical reactivity, and prevalence under mild conditions is scarce. Recently, it was reported that metallo‐complexes containing CR ligands may undergo spontaneous degradation in aqueous solutions to produce free RC radicals. These highly reactive species may react with each other to form the corresponding alkyne and other products. The reaction of 1,1,1 halo‐carbo‐hydrates with Cr(II) ions also forms RC radicals under mild conditions. Herein, we report two additional synthetic routes that produce free RC radicals under mild conditions. First, the reaction between metallic zinc and acetic anhydride produces 2‐butyne and several other C2, C3, and C4 compounds. Isotopic‐labeling experiments indicate that the formation of 2‐butyne results from an inter‐molecular reaction in which two RC moieties from two acetic anhydride molecules combine in solution. In addition, the degradation of the tri‐molybdenum complex [Mo3(H3CC≡CCH3)(OAc)(H2O)2Br7], in which a 2‐butyne ligand is coordinated to the Mo3 framework in a μ3‐η2 (⊥) binding mode in aqueous solution produces several C2, C3, C4 and C5 molecules. This indicates the formation of free CH3C radicals by a homolytic cleavage of the carbon‐carbon triple bond.
Elevating Latent Fingerprint Visualization: Sebaceous Fingerprint Residues‐Responsive Fluorescent Powders for Colour‐Changing Visual Enhancement
Authors: Fang Ying , Luan Jun‐Yu , Zhao Jian‐Shu , Kao Xiu‐Rong , Song Hao‐Rui , Luo Yi‐Ning , Wang Kun‐Peng , Chen Shaojin , Hu Hai‐Yu , Hu Zhi‐Qiang 
Published: September 2024

Comprehensive SummaryA new fluorescent fingerprint powder (DFF‐MMT) was formulated by blending cyclic chalcone dye DFF with montmorillonite (MMT), which can develop latent fingerprints (LFPs) with exceptional resolution and contrast on various surfaces, including ordinary glass, tin foil, marble, LED screens, and materials with distinct colors and fluorescent backgrounds. The fluorescence of DFF‐MMT transforms from orange to bright yellow with LFPs, allowing for a flawless visualization of fingerprints on uneven surfaces or materials with static electricity. Impressively, fingerprints developed by DFF‐MMT can be stored for over 21 months and conveniently duplicated. The developed LFPs by DFF‐MMT still keep high quality under the influence of aquatic condition, illumination and thermal effects. DFF‐MMT also exhibits benefits, such as affordability, real‐time, high‐resolution, high‐contrast development and no damage to DNA, making it an ideal choice for sophisticated criminal investigations.
Macrocyclic Calixpyridinium as a Photoacid for the Construction of Photoresponsive Supramolecular Materials
Authors: Wang Kui , Liu Si‐Chen , Wang Yu‐Ting , Meng Xin , Wei Jian‐Wen , Yan Xin 
Published: September 2024

Comprehensive SummarypH is an important stimuli‐responsive signal because deprotonation‐protonation process is crucial for many life functions. Photoacid is a kind of photoresponsive group that can release protons upon irradiation. This property makes invasive pH control can be replaced by noninvasive light control. However, photoacid is rare. In this work, macrocyclic calixpyridinium was found to be used as a photoacid to release protons from acidic methylene under the irradiation of a 254 nm UV lamp. When the solution of calixpyridinium−disulfonated xantphos aggregates were irradiated by a 254 nm portable UV lamp, disulfonated xantphos was able to receive the protons released from calixpyridinium. This noninvasive photocontrolled proton transfer not only replaces an invasive pH regulation but also achieves a synergistic function. The deprotonation of calixpyridinium and the protonation of disulfonated xantphos can occur simultaneously to disrupt the aggregates. Moreover, the photoresponsive disassembly is reversible by heating. This photoresponsive material was further applied as a photocontrolled release model. In addition, a dissipative assembly was successfully designed based on this photoresponsive disassembly. This study supplies a generalized strategy to construct pH‐responsive biocompatible materials with light‐control properties by using macrocyclic calixpyridinium and its matched various guests in water.
Exosomes That Have Different Cellular Origins Followed by the Impact They Have on Prostate Tumor Development in the Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Huang Cong , Zhang Jialong , Wang Hongzhi , Liang Chaozhao 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundProstate cancer (PCa) is the most common urinary tumor with the highest incidence rate and the second among the leading causes of death worldwide for adult males. In the worldwide cancer incidence rate, PCa is on the increase. The cancerous cells in the prostate and cells in the microenvironment surrounding the tumor communicate through signal transduction, which is crucial for the development and spread of PCa.Recent findingsExosomes are nanoscale vesicles released into body fluids by various cells that can aid intercellular communication by releasing nucleic acids and proteins. Exosomes published by different types of cells in the tumor microenvironment can have varying impacts on the proliferation and growth of tumor cells via various signaling pathways, modes of action, and secreted cytokines.ConclusionThe main purpose of this review is to describe the effects of different cell‐derived exosomes in the tumor microenvironment of PCa on the progression of tumor cells, as well as to summarize and discuss the prospects for the application of exosomes in the treatment and diagnosis of PCa.
Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Single‐Dose Mirikizumab in Chinese Healthy Participants: Results From a Phase 1 Study
Authors: Xu Junyu , Xie Ran , Ji Yongjia , Qian Chenxi , Zhang Xin , Todd Kris , Wang Feng , Cui Yimin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe objective of this phase 1 single‐dose study was to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of mirikizumab in Chinese healthy adults. Sixty participants were randomized within 5 planned dose cohorts: intravenous (IV) 300 mg, IV 600 mg, IV 1200 mg, subcutaneous (SC) 200 mg, and SC 400 mg to receive mirikizumab (10 participants in each cohort) or placebo (2 participants in each cohort). No death or serious adverse events occurred. Twenty‐eight (56.0%) participants who received mirikizumab reported 49 treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and 8 (80.0%) participants who received placebo reported 18 TEAEs. The majority of TEAEs were mild in severity. Following IV 300‐1200 mg mirikizumab, the arithmetic mean of both area under the concentration versus time curve from time 0 to infinity (AUC0‐∞) and maximum observed drug concentration (Cmax) increased by approximately 3.5‐fold, and the arithmetic mean half‐life (t1/2) ranged from 9.64 to 12.0 days. Following SC 200 and 400 mg mirikizumab, the arithmetic mean of both AUC0‐∞ and Cmax increased by approximately 1.6‐fold, the median time to Cmax (tmax) was 2.98 days for both, and the arithmetic mean t1/2 was 10.6 and 10.5 days, respectively. Absolute bioavailability based on pooled SC and IV dose data was 38.2%. In this study, the safety and pharmacokinetic profile of mirikizumab were consistent with what has been reported in other studies.
A Cost‐Effective Approach for Single‐Stranded DNA Amplification Using Primer‐Blocked Asymmetric PCR
Authors: Percze Krisztina , Harkai Ákos , Mészáros Tamás 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn vitro amplification of single‐stranded oligonucleotide libraries presents a significant challenge due to the potential for excessive byproduct formation. This phenomenon largely affects the quality of the ssDNAs created using the most commonly used methods, e.g., asymmetric PCR, biotin‐streptavidin separation, or lambda exonuclease digestion of dsDNA. Here, we describe an improved protocol that combines primer‐blocked asymmetric PCR (PBA‐PCR) with emulsion PCR and a cost‐effective downstream process that altogether alleviates byproduct formation without distorting the sequence space of the ssDNA library. In PBA‐PCR, the reaction mixture is complemented with a 3′‐phosphate‐blocked limiting primer that decreases mispriming, thus reducing polymerization of DNA byproducts. The downstream process includes mixing of the PBA‐PCR product with excess reverse complement of the 3′‐phosphate‐blocked limiting primer and removal of dsDNA strands via biotin‐streptavidin separation, yielding purified ssDNAs. In conclusion, we have devised a universally applicable approach for simple and cost‐effective production of ssDNA libraries and unique ssDNA sequences with on‐demand labeling. Our protocol could be beneficial for a variety of uses, such as generating aptamer libraries for SELEX, creating unique molecular identifiers for a wide range of sequencing applications, providing donor DNA for CRISPR‐Cas9 systems, developing scaffold nanostructures, and enabling DNA‐based data storage. © 2024 The Author(s). Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Amplification of ssDNA libraries using PBA‐PCRAlternate Protocol 1: Amplification of ssDNA libraries using emulsion PBA‐PCR with a simplified extraction of PBA‐PCR productsBasic Protocol 2: Purification of PBA‐PCR products to remove dsDNA and conversion of 3′‐blocked primer to double‐stranded complexesAlternate Protocol 2: Purification of PBA‐PCR products to remove both dsDNA and blocking primers from the reaction mixtureSupport Protocol: Analysis of PBA‐PCR products by gel electrophoresis
Sustainable wins: Exploring the nexus of Environmental, Social and Governance investment and firm efficiency in the gambling industry moderated by business strategy type
Authors: Chang Chia‐Yang , Lu Wen‐Min , Ting Irene Wei Kiong , Liu Day‐Yang , Shieh Joseph C. P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the moderating influence of the business strategy type on the correlation between environmental, social and governance (ESG) investment and efficiency in the gambling industry. By employing the range directional measure–network data envelopment analysis model, this study focuses on a sample of 29 gambling firms in North America, Europe, Asia and Oceania for the period of 2019–2022. Findings show that (i) the gambling industry demonstrates steadily increasing trends in the three ESG pillars; (ii) the gambling firms in Asia outperform their counterparts in North America across the three ESG pillars, and among the industry classifications, the betting operators lead in performance in the ESG pillars; and (iii) the adoption of an aggressive business strategy will enhance the translation of social responsibility investment and governance practices into heightened sustainability efficiency and marketability efficiency, respectively. Overall, this study enriches the ESG investment literature by exploring the moderating role of the business strategy type and provides insights into how diverse business strategies within the gambling industry can shape the outcomes of ESG initiatives. The implications of the findings extend to management teams and offer valuable insights into the interplay between the business strategy type and the ESG–firm efficiency nexus. Policymakers can leverage the results to design regulations and incentives that align with the different strategic profiles adopted by gambling firms to foster the creation of tailored and effective approaches for strengthening their sustainability in the industry.
Biomass Derived Self‐Doped Carbon Nanosheets Enable Robust Hole Transport Layers with Ion Buffer for Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Qiu Lele , Xu Ming , Tian Wanyu , Wei Jing , Chen Yuxuan , Xiao Jian , Liang Jing , Liu Fangjing , Zhao Yunpeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe diffusion of iodine species and lead leakage during device degradation represent the main obstacles restricting the commercial application of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Cobalt loaded ultrathin carbon nanosheets (Co(III)‐CNS) derived from biomass are prepared as ion buffer material to construct robust hole transport layers (HTLs). The carbon nanosheets containing trivalent cobalt ions can facilitate the oxidation of the hole transport material while preserving the structural integrity and electrical properties of HTLs under thermal stress, thereby ensuring efficient carrier transport. The two‐dimensional ultrathin graphitized lamellar structure of Co(III)‐CNS is conducive to alleviate the corrosive effects of the outward diffusion of iodine species on HTLs and silver electrodes, while avoiding irreversible degradation of PSCs. With the improvement of HTL composition and the related interfaces, Co(III)‐CNS doped devices can maintain intact device structure under thermal stress and remain above 80 % of the original power conversion efficiency (PCE) after thermal aging at 85 °C for 720 h. Notably, the chemical interactions between heteroatoms of self‐doped carbon nanosheets and the mobile lead ions can effectively alleviate lead leakage and avoid the potential impacts of device degradation on ecosystem. Ultimately, the Co(III)‐CNS doped PSCs with enhanced thermal stability exhibit a champion PCE of 22.32 %.
Bipolar Supercapacitive Performance of N‐Containing Carbon Materials Derived from Covalent Triazine‐Based Framework
Authors: Maity Arijit , Siebels Marvin , Jana Anupam , Eswaran Muthusankar , Dhanusuraman Ragupathy , Janiak Christoph , Bhunia Asamanjoy 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe search for new electrode materials for bipolar‐supercapacitor performance is the intention of numerous research in the area of functional framework materials. Among various electrode materials, covalent triazine‐based frameworks (CTFs) are in the spotlight drawing much attention as potential electrode material for energy storage owing to their tunable surface area, pore size distribution, and heteroatom content. Herein, we present the synthesis of nitrogen‐functionalized CTFs marked as CTF‐Py‐600 and CTF‐Py‐700 with high nitrogen content (18 % and 14 %, respectively) for supercapacitor application by applying the 2,6‐dicyanopyridine monomer via the polymerization reaction under ionothermal condition. The BET surface areas of these materials are in the range of 940–1999 m2 g−1. CTF‐Py‐700 demonstrates outstanding electrochemical performance in both potential windows. At the negative potential window, it exhibits a higher specific capacitance of 435 F g−1 (at 1 A g−1) compared to the positive potential window, where it shows a specific capacitance of 306 F g−1 (at 1 A g−1) owing to the synergistic existence of its large surface area (1999 m2 g−1) and high nitrogen content (14 %) with inherent microporosity. Remarkable cycling stability without noticeable degradation of specific capacitance after 15000 cycles was recorded for CTF‐Py‐700. This suggests that the nitrogen‐functionalized CTFs are going to be a highly demanded electrode material for electrochemical energy storage applications.
Disease resistance gene count increases with rainfall in Silphium integrifolium
Authors: Keepers Kyle , Peterson Kelsey , Raduski Andrew , Turner Kathryn M. , Van Tassel David , Smith Kevin , Harkess Alex , Bever James D. , Brandvain Yaniv 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntracellular plant defense against pathogens is mediated by a class of disease resistance genes known as NB‐LRRs or NLRs (R genes). Many of the diseases these genes protect against are more prevalent in regions of higher rainfall, which provide better growth conditions for the pathogens. As such, we expect a higher selective pressure for the maintenance and proliferation of R genes in plants adapted to wetter conditions. In this study, we enriched libraries for R genes using RenSeq from baits primarily developed from the common sunflower (Helianthus annuus) reference genome. We sequenced the R gene libraries of Silphium integrifolium Michx, a perennial relative of sunflower, from 12 prairie remnants across a rainfall gradient in the Central Plains of the United States, with both Illumina short‐read (n = 99) and PacBio long‐read (n = 10) approaches. We found a positive relationship between the mean effective annual precipitation of a plant's source prairie remnant and the number of R genes in its genome, consistent with intensity of plant pathogen coevolution increasing with precipitation. We show that RenSeq can be applied to the study of ecological hypotheses in non‐model relatives of model organisms.
Unveiling the suitable habitats and future conservation strategies of Tridacna maxima in the Indo‐Pacific core area based on species distribution model
Authors: Liu Shenghao , Li Tingting , Cong Bailin , Yang Leyu , Zhang Zhaohui , Zhao Linlin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractClimate change is exerting unprecedented impacts on marine habitats, and many sessile invertebrate species, such as the endangered giant clam Tridacna maxima, are particularly sensitive to climate driven changes in their environment. Understanding its spatial distribution and conservation requirements is of crucial significance in formulating effective protection strategies. However, the species has been extensively harvested and depleted in many regions, leading to its listing as endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). While marine protected areas (MPAs) are considered effective conservation tools, it remains uncertain whether existing MPAs adequately protect these vulnerable giant clams. To enhance the management and conservation of this species, we employed a Species Distribution Models (SDMs) approach, integrating occurrence records of T. maxima with environmental variables, to predict its potential distribution based on habitat suitability and capture spatiotemporal changes. Based on geographical and genetic variations, the T. maxima in the Indo‐Pacific core region is primarily divided into two populations: the East Indian Ocean‐South China Sea population (EIOS) and the West Pacific‐Indonesia population (WPI). We first quantified realized niche to reveal significant differences in ecological niche space among different populations. Subsequently, SDMs were constructed at both species and population levels, demonstrating that population‐level SDMs provide more reliable predictions of population distributions due to differential responses to climatic predictor variables. Finally, we conducted an assessment to identify conservation gaps for T. maxima beyond the existing MPAs and proposed recommendations for future establishment of MPAs within the current framework. Based on these findings, appropriate conservation policies have been proposed to effectively protect the habitat of different geographical populations of T. maxima. Additionally, spatiotemporal predictions of habitat suitability provide crucial information for developing adaptive management strategies for T. maxima in response to climate change, including designing new protected areas and adjusting the location and extent of existing protected areas based on their geographical distribution.
Awareness, access, and adoption of natriuretic peptides for diagnosis of heart failure
Authors: Bayes‐Genis Antoni , Petrie Mark C. , Moura Brenda , Chioncel Ovidiu , Volterrani Maurizio , Adamo Marianna , Rakisheva Amina , Savarese Gianluigi , Tocchetti Carlo Gabriele , Metra Marco , Rosano Giuseppe 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimsThis survey investigates natriuretic peptide (NP) testing in community and hospital settings, assessing awareness, accessibility, and utilization.Methods and resultsThis investigator‐initiated survey, conceived within the HFA of the European Society of Cardiology, comprised 14 questions. It underwent validation and pilot testing to ensure question readability and online system functionality. The survey was accessible for 87 days, from 5 April 2023 to 1 July 2023 via a web platform. There were 751 healthcare professionals across 99 countries who responded. Of them, 92.5% had access to NPs testing in hospital whereas 34.3% had no access to NTproBNP in community settings. Access to point of care NP testing was uncommon (9.6%). Public insurance fully covered NPs testing in 31.0% of cases, with private insurance providing coverage in 37.9%. The majority (84.0%) of participants believed that the medical evidence supporting NPs testing was strong, and 54.7% considered it cost‐effective. Also, 35.8% found access, awareness, and adoption to be in favour of NPs testing both in hospital and community settings. Strategies to optimize NP testing involved regular guideline updates (57.9%), prioritizing NPs testing for dyspnoea assessment (36.4%), and introducing clinician feedback mechanisms (21.2%). Notably, 40% lacked a community‐based HF diagnostic pathway for referring high‐NP patients for echocardiography and cardiology evaluation.ConclusionsThis survey reveals NP awareness, access, and adoption across several countries. Highlighting the importance of community‐based early heart failure diagnosis and optimizing HF diagnostic pathways remains a crucial, unmet opportunity to improve patient outcomes.