bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study of the relationship between the migration of image silver and perceived yellowing of silver gelatine photographs
Authors: Moon Jacqueline , Curran Katherine 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Silver gelatine photographs were the most dominant photographic process of the twentieth century from the 1880s until the 1960s. They are prone to yellowing, mirroring and fading which is largely attributed to the effects of pollutants, relative humidity and residual processing chemicals. Experts in the conservation of photographs claim they can determine the causes of deterioration with the naked eye: the effects of humidity result in a more yellowed appearance, whilst the presence of residual chemicals results in a redder appearance. This work aims to investigate if the same deterioration processes can be diagnosed in photographic prints with a spectrophotometer by addressing two questions: (1) In new and artificially aged silver gelatine photographs is it possible to distinguish between discolouration caused by silver migration and that caused by the presence of residual sulfur? (2) What are the complexities of applying these findings to historic photographs? A set of test photographs, some well processed and some insufficiently washed was developed and artificially aged. These were compared to a small collection of historical photographs of different ages, paper types and image colours. Samples were assessed using visual observation, residual silver and hypo spot tests, colour measurements including L*a*b* and reflectance spectra, Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). After artificial ageing the well processed test photographs were more yellowed, TEM indicated that this was due to colloidal silver formation. The insufficiently washed test photographs were more red but also darker, TEM showed these samples to have more homogeneous silver filaments, thought to be due to silver sulfide formation. The results for the historical photographs were similar but more subtle. A larger sample set is needed to investigate this more extensively. Further investigation on historical samples, with colour measurements and residual silver and fixer spot tests will take place.
Lipiodol nanoemulsions stabilized with polyglycerol-polycaprolactone block copolymers for theranostic applications
Authors: Le Kim Trang Huyen , Jun Hwiseok , Kim Jin Ho , Park Keunchil , Kim Jee Seon , Nam Yoon Sung 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background

Polyglycerol is an attractive hydrophilic building block of amphiphilic copolymers for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications due to its biocompatibility, facile chemical modification, and anti-fouling activity. Herein we introduce theranostic nanoemulsions incorporating anti-cancer therapeutic and contrast agents using linear polyglycerol-poly(ε-caprolactone) diblock copolymers (PG-
b
-PCL). Lipiodol is used as a core oil that dissolves paclitaxel and serves as a contrast agent for computer tomography (CT).

Methods

PG-
b
-PCL is synthesized by three-step processes: polymerization of ethoxyethyl glycerol ether; ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone; and deprotection of the PEEGE block. In vitro cytotoxicity of the polyglycerolated lipiodol nanoemulsions is demonstrated using HeLa ovarian cancer cells. The applicability of the prepared nanoemulsions as a contrast agent for CT imaging is also evaluated using micro-CT.

Results

Three compositions of PG-
b
-PCL with different block lengths are synthesized to prepare nanoemulsions. The polyglycerolated lipiodol nanoemulsions exhibit excellent anti-cancer activities, while placebo nanoemulsions have no significant cytotoxicity under the same condition. Micro-CT imaging of the nanoemulsions confirms the ability of nanoemulsions as a contrast agent.

Conclusions

This study suggests that PG-
b
-PCL is a promising polymeric emulsifier for effective stabilization and surface functionalization of drug delivery nanocarriers for therapeutic and imaging agents.
Trans* Disruptions
Authors: Wentling Tre 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
There are an increasing number of university students who express a fluid gender embodiment and identity, resisting binary gender categories as well as binary transgender categories. The use of gender-neutral, as well as third-person plural pronouns, disrupts linguistic gender hegemony and creates particular gendered meanings. With the increasing number of trans* people who queer the gender binary, how does language affirm or deny their personhood? This research note uses data from an online survey (N = 557) to examine teachers' recognition of trans* individuals' pronouns. Results demonstrate that trans* students who identify as genderqueer tend to use gender-neutral and third-person pronouns. However, educators are less affirming when it comes to gender-neutral pronoun recognition. Educators must resist taken-for-granted gender attribution processes and explicitly ask all students to state their pronouns. Accurate pronoun recognition supports trans* students' identity development and honors their personhood.
A Bioorganic Chemistry Approach to Understanding Molecular Recognition in Protein–Nucleic Acid Complexes
Authors: Morii Takashi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA combination of synthetic, organic, and biochemical approaches has been developed to study how protein and nucleic acid assemblies modulate the affinity, specificity and cooperativity of protein–nucleic acid interactions. These strategies have enabled formation of noncovalent peptide dimers on specific DNA sequences. A new framework from RNA and peptide into a stable complex of ribonucleopeptide was also developed to construct receptors and fluorescent sensors for small molecules. Attempts to design novel DNA-binding peptides, receptors and sensors will provide an ultimate test for our understanding of the principle of molecular recognition associated with protein–nucleic acid interactions.
Interfacial microscopic examination and chemical analysis of resin-dentin interface of self-adhering flowable resin composite
Authors: Hamdy Tamer M. 
Published: October 2017

Background: The newly introduced self-adhering flowable resin-composites decrease the required time for application by incorporation of an acidic adhesive monomer, thus reducing the number of the steps, but its bonding is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interfacial microscopic examination and chemical analysis at the resin-dentin interface of a self-adhering flowable resin composite (Vertise-Flow) versus a total-etch (Te-Econom Plus) resin composite, using an etching agent (Eco-Etch gel) and bonding agent (Single Bond Universal). Methods: Sixteen freshly extracted sound human posterior teeth were used. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups: 8 specimens per type of composite. Standard-shaped class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surface. One group was restored by Te-Econom Plus resin composite by total-etch technique using Eco-Etch gel, which was applied to dentine for 15 seconds, followed by rinsing, drying and bonding agent application (Single Bond Universal). The other group restored directly with self-adhering resin composite (Vertise-Flow) without application of etch or bond. Curing was done for 20 seconds using a light emitting diode light curing unit. Evaluation of the resin-dentin interface was done microscopically by examination of marginal gap distance in μm using scanning electron microscope (SEM), and chemical analysis of silver particles was observed using SEM with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry after 24 hours of specimen storage in ammoniacal silver nitrate. Results: Regarding marginal gap distance (µm) and silver atomic % mean values, teeth restored with self-adhering resin composite (Vertise-Flow) showed significantly higher mean values than the multi-step etch and rinse resin composite group (5.2 vs 0; 12.2 vs 8.2, respectively). Conclusions: Resin-dentin bonding using total-etch resin composite technique was more effective than self-adhering flowable resin composite (Vertise-Flow) regarding marginal gap formation and penetration of silver particles. Further studies for bond strength could be performed.
Identification of Equid herpesvirus 2 in tissue-engineered equine tendon
Authors: Wardle Roisin , Pullman Jane A. , Haldenby Sam , Ressel Lorenzo , Pope Marion , Clegg Peter D. , Radford Alan , Stewart James P. , Al-Saadi Mohammed , Dyer Philip , Peffers Mandy J. 
Published: October 2017

Background:Incidental findings of virus-like particles were identified following electron microscopy of tissue-engineered tendon constructs (TETC) derived from equine tenocytes. We set out to determine the nature of these particles, as there are few studies which identify virus in tendonsper se, and their presence could have implications for tissue-engineering using allogenic grafts.Methods:Virus particles were identified in electron microscopy of TETCs. Virion morphology was used to initially hypothesise the virus identity. Next generation sequencing was implemented to identify the virus. A pan herpesvirus PCR was used to validate the RNASeq findings using an independent platform. Histological analysis and biochemical analysis was undertaken on the TETCs.Results:Morphological features suggested the virus to be either a retrovirus or herpesvirus. Subsequent next generation sequencing mapped reads to Equid herpesvirus 2 (EHV2). Histological examination and biochemical testing for collagen content revealed no significant differences between virally affected TETCs and non-affected TETCs. An independent set of equine superficial digital flexor tendon tissue (n=10) examined using designed primers for specific EHV2 contigs identified at sequencing were negative. These data suggest that EHV is resident in some equine tendon.Conclusions:EHV2 was demonstrated in equine tenocytes for the first time; likely fromin vivoinfection. The presence of EHV2 could have implications to both tissue-engineering and tendinopathy.
Long term cognitive outcomes of early term (37-38 weeks) and late preterm (34-36 weeks) births: A systematic review
Authors: Murray Sarah R. , Shenkin Susan D. , McIntosh Kirsten , Lim Jane , Grove Benjamin , Pell Jill P. , Norman Jane E. , Stock Sarah J. 
Published: October 2017

Background: There is a paucity of evidence regarding long-term outcomes of late preterm (34-36 weeks) and early term (37-38 weeks) delivery. The objective of this systematic review was to assess long-term cognitive outcomes of children born at these gestations. Methods: Four electronic databases (Medline, Embase, clinicaltrials.gov and PsycINFO) were searched. Last search was 5th August 2016. Studies were included if they reported gestational age, IQ measure and the ages assessed. The protocol was registered with the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO Record CRD42015015472). Two independent reviewers assessed the studies. Data were abstracted and critical appraisal performed of eligible papers. Results: Of 11,905 potential articles, seven studies reporting on 41,344 children were included. For early term births, four studies (n = 35,711) consistently showed an increase in cognitive scores for infants born at full term (39-41 weeks) compared to those born at early term (37-38 weeks) with increases for each week of term (difference between 37 and 40 weeks of around 3 IQ points), despite differences in age of testing and method of IQ/cognitive testing. Four studies (n = 5644) reporting childhood cognitive outcomes of late preterm births (34 – 36 weeks) also differed in study design (cohort and case control); age of testing; and method of IQ testing, and found no differences in outcomes between late preterm and term births, although risk of bias was high in included studies. Conclusion: Children born at 39-41 weeks have higher cognitive outcome scores compared to those born at early term (37-38 weeks). This should be considered when discussing timing of delivery. For children born late preterm, the data is scarce and when compared to full term (37-42 weeks) did not show any difference in IQ scores.
Floral Resource Partitioning between Centris (Heterocentris) analis (Fabricius, 1804) and Centris (Heterocentris) terminata Smith, 1874 (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Centridini), in an Urban Fragment of the Atlantic Forest
Authors: Lima Reinanda , Ferreira-Caliman Maria , Dórea Marcos Da Costa , Garcia Caroline Tito , Dos Santos Francisco De Assis Ribeiro , Oliveira Favízia Freitas , Garófalo Carlos Alberto 
Published: October 2017

The knowledge on plant species used for the collection of floral resources is crucial to understanding interactions between plants and bees. The aim of the present study was to identify floral resources used by Centris analis and Centris terminata to provision brood cells and determine the niche breadth and overlap of these two species in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest in Brazil. This study was conducted at the Universidade Federal da Bahia and Parque Zoobotânico Getúlio Vargas, both of which are located in urban areas of the city of Salvador in the state of Bahia. Twelve and eight pollen types were identified in C. analis and C. terminata nests, respectively. The most frequent pollen types were from species of Malpighiaceae and Fabaceae. A larger trophic niche breadth was found in the Parque Zoobotânico Getúlio Vargas for C. analis and in the Universidade Federal da Bahia for C. terminata. Pianka’s index demonstrated trophic niche overlap between C. analis and C. terminata, which was greater in the Parque Zoobotânico Getúlio Vargas. This study is the first to provide data on plants used as food sources by species of the genus Centris in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest situated within urban areas.
Use of Metabolomics in Improving Assessment of Dietary Intake
Authors: Guasch-Ferré Marta , Bhupathiraju Shilpa N , Hu Frank B 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDNutritional metabolomics is rapidly evolving to integrate nutrition with complex metabolomics data to discover new biomarkers of nutritional exposure and status.CONTENTThe purpose of this review is to provide a broad overview of the measurement techniques, study designs, and statistical approaches used in nutrition metabolomics, as well as to describe the current knowledge from epidemiologic studies identifying metabolite profiles associated with the intake of individual nutrients, foods, and dietary patterns.SUMMARYA wide range of technologies, databases, and computational tools are available to integrate nutritional metabolomics with dietary and phenotypic information. Biomarkers identified with the use of high-throughput metabolomics techniques include amino acids, acylcarnitines, carbohydrates, bile acids, purine and pyrimidine metabolites, and lipid classes. The most extensively studied food groups include fruits, vegetables, meat, fish, bread, whole grain cereals, nuts, wine, coffee, tea, cocoa, and chocolate. We identified 16 studies that evaluated metabolite signatures associated with dietary patterns. Dietary patterns examined included vegetarian and lactovegetarian diets, omnivorous diet, Western dietary patterns, prudent dietary patterns, Nordic diet, and Mediterranean diet. Although many metabolite biomarkers of individual foods and dietary patterns have been identified, those biomarkers may not be sensitive or specific to dietary intakes. Some biomarkers represent short-term intakes rather than long-term dietary habits. Nonetheless, nutritional metabolomics holds promise for the development of a robust and unbiased strategy for measuring diet. Still, this technology is intended to be complementary, rather than a replacement, to traditional well-validated dietary assessment methods such as food frequency questionnaires that can measure usual diet, the most relevant exposure in nutritional epidemiologic studies.
The lost treasure of Paidia
Authors: Pitruzzella Salvo 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Play is one of the main roots of drama therapy, and many of drama therapy’s therapeutic features can be found in an embryonic way in children’s play. This article is an enquiry into the deeper nature of play. It starts from the fascinating attempts of Johan Huizinga and Roger Caillois to define play, and, with an aid from William Blake’s visionary philosophy, it tries to sound out its complexity, in order to arrive to the emergent concepts of attunement and intersubjectivity, which are relevant to play, but also to drama therapy’s theory and practice.
Rasa: Exploring the influence of Indian performance theory in drama therapy
Authors: Sajnani Nisha , Gopalakrishna Maitri 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The theory and practice of rasa, as prescribed by the Nāṭyasāstra and expressed within numerous performance art traditions, offers theoretical and practical possibilities for the field of drama therapy. The authors present the concept of rasa and related concepts, describe a workshop that explored two practices inspired by the rasa system, and include feedback from participants. Further research is needed on the use of rasic approaches to increase emotional literacy, affect regulation and empathy.
I don’t feel naked: The use of embodied supervision to examine the impact of patient clothing on clinical countertransference on an inpatient psychiatry unit
Authors: Trottier Dana George , Hilt Lisa 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
This arts-based research study explores the impact of patient clothing on clinician countertransference in the context of an acute inpatient psychiatric unit. A drama therapy intern and drama therapy supervisor used costuming, photography and embodied supervision to reflect on the role of clothing in this context. The outcomes suggest that clothing can be considered as costumes in this context, that patient clothing does influence how clinicians feel and think about patients, and that clothing carries multiple meanings in the context of inpatient psychiatry. Embodied supervision was also useful in examining countertransference in general, increasing empathy towards patients, and illuminating the complexity within the triadic relationship of patient, therapist and supervisor.
Book Review
Authors: Landers Fred 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Routledge International Handbook of Dramatherapy, Sue Jennings and Clive Holmwood (eds) (2016) 1st ed., New York, NY: Routledge, 396 pp., ISBN: 9781138829725, h/bk, $202.80; ISBN: 9781315728537, e/bk, $192.00
Boundary rectifiability and elliptic operators with W
1,1 coefficients
Authors: Toro Tatiana , Zhao Zihui 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We consider second-order divergence form elliptic operators with

W

1
,
1

{W^{1,1}}

coefficients, in a uniform domain Ω with Ahlfors regular boundary. We show that the

A
∞

{A_{\infty}}

property of the elliptic measure associated to any such operator implies that Ω is a set of locally finite perimeter whose boundary,

∂
⁡
Ω

{\partial\Omega}

, is rectifiable.
As a corollary we show that for this type of operators, absolute continuity of the surface measure with respect to the elliptic measure is enough to guarantee rectifiability of the boundary.
In the case that the coefficients are continuous we obtain additional information about Ω.
Validation of a novel biomechanical test bench for the knee joint with six degrees of freedom
Authors: Heinrichs Christian H. , Knierzinger Dominik , Stofferin Hannes , Schmoelz Werner 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA novel biomechanical test bench has been developed for in-vitro evaluation of the knee joint. The test bench allows the kinematics of the knee joint to be studied in all six degrees of freedom. Flexion-extension knee movements are induced by quadriceps and hamstring muscle forces simulated by five pneumatic cylinders. The kinematics of the knee and the actively applied muscle forces are measured simultaneously. The aim of this study was to validate the sensitivity and reproducibility of this novel test bench. Four fresh frozen human knees were tested three times, each with seven flexion-extension cycles between 5° and 60°. After the native knees had been tested, the posterior cruciate ligament and then the lateral collateral ligament were dissected. The injured knees were tested in identical conditions [3×(7×5°–60°)] in order to evaluate whether the test bench is capable of detecting differences in knee kinematics between a native state and an injured one. With regard to reproducibility, the novel test bench showed almost perfect agreement for each specimen and for all states and flexion angles. In comparison with the native knees, the injured knees showed significant differences in knee kinematics. This validated novel test bench will make it possible to investigate various knee pathologies, as well as current and newly developed treatment options.
A decomposition theorem for locally compact groups
Authors: Basu Sanjib , Dutta Krishnendu 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We prove that, under certain restrictions, every locally compact group equipped with a nonzero, σ-finite, regular left Haar measure can be decomposed into two small sets, one of which is small in the sense of measure and the other is small in the sense of category, and all such decompositions originate from a generalised notion of a Lebesgue point.
Incidentally, such class of topological groups for which this happens turns out to be metrisable.
We also observe an interesting connection between Luzin sets in such spaces and decompositions of the above type.
Investigation of Optical Microring Resonator Based on Surface Plasmon Polariton
Authors: Kaur Lovepreet , Dewra Sanjeev 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article presents the architecture of optical microring resonator based on surface plasmon polaritons using different profile materials like silicon (Si), silver (Ag) and gold (Au). It is observed that 3.53e-005 w/m, 6.92e-005 w/m, 7.05e-005 w/m received optical powers are achieved in silicon (Si), silver (Ag) and gold (Au) profile materials, respectively, of optical microring resonator at 0.1 w/m minimum input transmission power for 1.55 μm input transmission wavelength. The result shows that the silicon profile is best for designing the optical microring resonator in terms of received optical power.
Secular trends in height, weight and body mass index of primary school children in Turkey between 1993 and 2016
Authors: Topçu Seda , Şimşek Orhon Filiz , Ulukol Betül , Başkan Sevgi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackground:The aim of the study was to analyze the secular trends in height, weight and body mass index (BMI) of children in a Turkish primary school in a 23-year time interval.Methods:The height, weight and BMI of 1099 children between 7 and 15 years old were measured. Data were compared to those of children of the same ages from previous measurements carried out in 1993 (867 children) and in 2003 (1214 children) in the same school. The changes in weight, height and BMI were determined and analyzed statistically.Results:Weight increments between 7.7 and 16.2 kg/23 years and height increments between 1.1 and 8.3 cm/23 years were observed in boys. For girls, weight increments between 6.5 and 13.4 kg/23 years and height increments between 1.3 and 7.2 cm/23 years were indicated. Usually, there were significant height increments between 1993 and 2016 in both genders. However, there were no significant differences in height between 2003 and 2016 for all age groups. Furthermore, there were significant differences in BMI measurements in all age and gender groups between 1993 and 2016.Conclusions:The secular ascending trend in height seems to stop between 2003 and 2016; however, increments in weight and mean BMI tend to continue in Turkish primary school children and adolescents.