bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
METAFORIČKA ZNAČENJA ENGLESKOG PRIDEVA HARD I SRPSKOG PRIDEVA TVRD
Authors: Halas Ana 
Published: January 2018

Analiza predstavljena u ovom radu obuhvata identifikaciju pojmovnih metafora aktivnih u semantičkoj disperziji engleskog prideva hard i srpskog prideva tvrd, kao i utvrđivanje njihove produktivnosti. Cilj analize je poređenje metaforičkih obrazaca i njihove produktivnosti u semantičkim strukturama dva analizirana prideva, a time i sticanje uvida u sličnosti i razlike između engleskog i srpskog jezika u pogledu konceptualizacije apstraktnijih pojmova pomoću pojma fizičkog svojstva tvrdoće. Rezultati izvršene analize pokazuju da postoji značajan broj pojmovnih metafora zajedničkih za semantičke strukture prideva hard i tvrd, što ukazuje na visok stepen sličnosti između engleskog i srpskog jezika u pogledu konceptualizacije apstraktnih domena polazeći od fizičkog svojstva tvrdoće kao izvornog domena. Međutim, pomenuti zajednički pojmovni obrasci nisu jednako produktivni u semantičkim strukturama dva prideva, a takođe utvrđeni su i slučajevi u kojima su na osnovu istog pojmovnog obrasca izvedena različita značenja u dvema strukturama.
Ključne reči: polisemična struktura, semantička disperzija, pojmovna metafora, metaforički obrazac, domen tvrdoće, metaforičko značenje, engleski jezik, srpski jezik.
In this paper, there have been identified conceptual metaphors activated in the semantic dispersion of the English adjective hard and the Serbian adjective tvrd. Also, there has been determined the productivity of each of the identified metaphorical patterns in sense derivation. The aim of the analysis has been to compare the mentioned patterns and their productivity in the semantic structures of the two adjectives. Such a comparison has provided an insight into similarities and differences between English and Serbian concerning the conceptualization of abstract notions using the notion of physical hardness as a source domain. The results of the analysis have shown that most of the identified metaphorical patterns are common for both semantic structures in question. Therefore, it has been concluded that there is a considerable similarity between English and Serbian taking into account the conceptualization of abstract notions using the notion of hardness as a source domain. However, the given common patterns are not equally productive in the two semantic structures. What is more, it is a frequent case that, on the basis of the same conceptual metaphor, completely different senses have been derived in the semantic structures of the two adjectives.
Key words: polysemous structure, semantic dispersion, conceptual metaphor, metaphorical pattern, domain of hardness, metaphorical sense, English, Serbian.
RACISMO CIENTÍFICO NO BRASIL PÓS-ESCRAVATURA
Authors: Santos Raquel Amorim 
Published: January 2018

<p>Este estudo analisa a difusão do racismo cientifico no Brasil, reconhecendo seu caráter estrutural. Reconhecê-lo desta forma significa perceber que Cor, <em>raça </em>e preconceito no Brasil compõe o plexo de concepções para o enfrentamento das questões raciais e de seus desdobramentos nocivos na formação de crianças e adolescentes, por meio da construção de uma nova forma de se pensar a formação da nação e da nacionalidade. O estudo é de abordagem qualitativa com aplicação da pesquisa bibliográfica com base em Skidmore (2012), Schwarcz (1993), Guimarães (1999), Ianni (1962, 1978), Hasenbalg (2005), Munanga (2004), Hofbauer (2006), Costa (2006), entre outros. A análise aponta que o mestiço era admitido como elemento transitório que levaria a constituição de uma nação de brancos.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave:</strong> Racismo Científico. <em>Raça</em>. Pós-Escravatura</p>
ON THE MATTER OF THE WAGES OF FOREIGN PRISONERS OF WAR ON UDMURT ENTERPRISES IN 1942–1948
Authors: Perevoshchikov D. V. 
Published: January 2018

The current research studies the wages of foreign prisoners of war (P.O.W.s) who worked in the Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1942–1948. The paper contains the information about the pays to the P.O.W.s were transferred from the funds of the enterprises where they worked. The article analyses the level of P.O.W. wages, the dependence of the wages from the labour activities and the bonus that the P.O.W.s received for good performance. The paper contains the data on the average level of P.O.W. wages in Izhevsk and lists the kinds of labour activities where the P.O.W.s received the highest wages. The research is based on archival documents, most of which were involved in the scientific use for the first time.It is highly unlikely that the P.O.W.s who were in Udmurtia in 1945–1948 starved since they could use their wages to buy additional provisions in the camp stalls and town shops.
Preparation of chitosan/amine modified diatomite composites and adsorption properties of Hg(II) ions
Authors: Fu Yong , Huang Yue , Hu Jianshe , Zhang Zhengjie 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
A green functional adsorbent (CAD) was prepared by Schiff base reaction of chitosan and amino-modified diatomite. The morphology, structure and adsorption properties of the CAD were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer Emmett Teller measurements. The effect of pH value, contact time and temperature on the adsorption of Hg(II) ions for the CAD is discussed in detail. The experimental results showed that the CAD had a large specific surface area and multifunctional groups such as amino, hydroxyl and Schiff base. The optimum adsorption effect was obtained when the pH value, temperature and contact time were 4, 25 °C and 120 min, respectively, and the corresponding maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) ions reached 102 mg/g. Moreover, the adsorption behavior of Hg(II) ions for the CAD followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model. The negative ΔG0 and ΔH0 suggested that the adsorption was a spontaneous exothermic process.
Removal of sulfate from wet FGD wastewater by co-precipitation with calcium hydroxide and sodium aluminate
Authors: Yu Jicheng , Lu Jia , Kang Yong 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Chemical precipitation method was adopted to remove sulfate from wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) wastewater and mixtures of Ca(OH)2 (CH) and NaAlO2 (SA) were used as precipitants. The mechanisms of sulfate removal were explored according to the experimental and simulated results. These showed that three kinds of precipitations, which were gypsum, ettringite and co-precipitation onto aluminum hydroxides, were formed when sulfate in water reacted with CH and SA. The optimum operation condition for removing sulfate was that the molar ratio of CH/SA was 2, the initial pH value 5, the precipitant dosage 15 g/L, the reaction time 20 min, and the reaction temperature 55 °C. The sulfate was reduced from 4,881 mg/L to 784 mg/L under the optimized condition. In addition, the heavy metals and fluoride were also mostly removed. The post treatments of the supernatant illustrated that removal of sulfate from wet FGD wastewater by co-precipitation with CH and SA was a better choice.
The Proscription of Terrorist Organisations in Australia
Authors: Lynch Andrew , McGarrity Nicola , Williams George 
Published: January 2018

The proscription of organisations has long been a central feature of legal regimes aimed at the suppression of terrorism. Australia is no exception. Going back many decades, the Commonwealth government has sought to meet the threat of political violence through the proscription of related organisations. In the wake of the September 11 terrorist strikes against New York and Washington, renewed efforts were made for the proscription of organisations in many national jurisdictions (for example, the United Kingdom, United States and Canada) as well as at the international level (for example, through the United Nations and the European Union.In Australia, the Commonwealth looked directly to the justifications offered by the United Kingdom’s Lord Lloyd of Berwick and Paul Wilkinson just a few years before. In their major Inquiry into Legislation Against Terrorism, Lord Lloyd and Wilkinson presented three principal rationales to explain the role of proscription in the prevention of terrorism: ease of proof; providing a basis for the criminalisation of fundraising and other activities of terrorist groups; and as a clear symbol of ‘public revulsion and reassurance that severe measures [are] being taken’.
Judiciaries in Crisis — Some Comparative Perspectives
Authors: Lee H P 
Published: January 2018

The well known writings and other contributions of Professor Zines on the High Court's interpretation of Australia’s Constitution and public law generally have justly earned him the admiration and deep respect of eminent jurists both within Australia and abroad. His interests extended to courts in other western liberal democracies.In a book based on a series of lectures delivered at the University of Cambridge under the auspices of the Smuts Memorial Fund, Professor Leslie Zines ventured into a comparative study of, inter alia, the role of the courts in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. He noted that Canada, Australia and New Zealand share the common feature of the perplexing difficulty of pin-pointing an exact date when these countries obtained their independence from Britain. In other countries which were former British colonies, the date of independence could largely be identified by the date when the Union Jack was lowered and a new national flag was unfurled.
EFFICACY OF PROPOLIS FLUORIDE AND NANO SILVER FLUORIDE FOR INHIBITION OF STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS AND ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS BIOFILM FORMATION
Authors: Soekanto Sri Angky , Marpaung Levy Jeremy , Ushohwah Himmat , Djais Ariadna , Darwita Risqa Rina 
Published: January 2018

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the potency of propolis fluoride (PPF) and nano silver fluoride (NSF) as fluoride-based varnishes for inhibiting Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus faecalis biofilm formation. In this study, both varnishes were compared to silver diamine fluoride (SDF) varnish, the gold standard for anticariogenic agents.Methods: The suspensions of S. mutans and E. faecalis were cultured and then plated into 96 - well plates and combined with SDF (38%), NSF (3.16, 3.66, and 4.16%), or PPF (3, 6, and 10%). E. faecalis was incubated in an anaerobic environment for 24 h, and the same protocol was used for S. mutans. The amount of biofilm inhibition was evaluated by optical density measurements at 570 nm using a microplate reader. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA.Results: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of PPF for S. mutans was 3%, and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was 10%. The MIC of PPF for E. faecalis was at 6%, but no MBC was established. The MIC of NSF for S. mutans was 3.16%, and the MBC was 4.16%. The MIC of NSF for E. faecalis was 3.16%, while the MBC was 4.16%. Biofilm formation was inhibited dose-dependently by both NSF and PPF.Conclusion: NSF and PPF fluoride-based varnishes show clear antibacterial effects that are comparable to those obtained with SDF fluoride-based varnish.
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POROUS HYDROXYAPATITE AND ALGINATE COMPOSITE SCAFFOLDS FOR BONE TISSUE ENGINEERING
Authors: Indrani Decky J , Budiyanto Emil , Hayun Hayun 
Published: January 2018

Objective: To prepare and characterize composite scaffolds of a hydroxyapatite (HA) and an alginate having high viscosity.Materials and Methods: HA powder was synthesized using wet chemical precipitation, the alginate powder was extracted from the Sargassum duplicatum seaweed, and the HA/alginate composite scaffolds were prepared by freeze-drying. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared techniques were utilized to characterize the HA and alginate, and electron microscopy was used to evaluate the HA and the HA/alginate composite scaffolds. The HA/alginate composite scaffold obtained from the commercially available HA and alginate powders were employed as a comparison.Results: Synthesized HAs were identified as the HA phase, which contained absorbed water, phosphate, and carbonate groups. The extracted alginate contained the carboxyl, cyclic ether and hydroxyl groups. The scaffolds prepared from the HA and alginate mixture were three-dimensional and containing interconnected pores with a diameter ranging from 150 to 300 µm and pore walls of a composite construction.Conclusion: A three-dimensional scaffold was produced using a freeze-drying method from a composite of HA and the high viscosity alginate solution. The scaffold was highly porous and showed interconnected pores, with a diameter ranging from 150 to 300 µm.
A systematic review of epidemiology, treatment and prognosis of heart failure in adults in Ethiopia
Authors: Tsega Tenaadam A. , Demissei Biniyam G. 
Published: January 2018

Background
Systematic characterization of heart failure in adults in Ethiopia is lacking currently. In this review, we sought to summarize the available scientific evidence on the epidemiology, treatment and prognosis of heart failure in adults in Ethiopia.

Methods
A systematic review of PUBMED, EMBASE and SCOPUS was conducted for studies published between January 1990 and July 2017. Studies reporting on incidence, prevalence, treatment or prognosis of heart failure in individuals older than 14 years of age were included.

Results
The search yielded 66 articles, out of which nine were found to be eligible for inclusion in this review. There are no studies reporting the incidence or prevalence of heart failure in the adult population in Ethiopia. There are, however, indications that heart failure might be a significant burden in the country, and typically affects middle-aged adults. Valvular heart disease, predominantly related to rheumatic heart disease, is the most commonly identified heart failure cause across the included studies. There are very limited data on treatment and prognosis.

Conclusion
There is limited scientific evidence on the epidemiology, treatment and prognosis of heart failure in adults in Ethiopia. Further studies are needed for the better understanding of the burden and treatment of heart failure in the adult population in Ethiopia.
Penentuan Pemanfaatan Aset Tanah Pemerintah Daerah dengan Sistem Informasi Geografis dan Metode Analitycal Hierarchy Process : Studi Kasus Pemprov Bali
Authors: Kusuma Yudha Manik , Linawati - , Sudarma I Made 
Published: January 2018

Aset tanah bagi pemerintah sangatlah penting. Aset tanah yang dikelola dengan baik memberikan nilai tambah kekayaan pada pemerintah. Sama halnya dengan aset tanah Pemprov Bali. Aset tanah yang tersebar di seluruh Bali akan memerlukan penanganan yang dibantu dengan aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dan metode Analitycal Hierarchy Process (AHP). SIG mempermudah pengguna, dalam hal ini Biro Aset, dalam menentukan dan pengalamatan lokasi aset tanah. Sedangkan AHP adalah salah satu metode multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) yang digunakan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan dalam hal pengambilan keputusan. Data uji adalah nomor hak P.16 yang terletak di Desa Blahbatuh, Kabupaten Gianyar, didapatkan angka bobot tertinggi pada tanaman padi dengan nilai bobot 25,26%, dan nomor hak HP.129 di Renon, Denpasar, dengan nilai bobot tertinggi pada fasilitas umum (fasum), dengan nilai bobot sebesar 57,04%. Nilai bobot yang dihasilkan tersebut sesuai dengan pemanfaatan pada aset tanah tersebut saat ini.
EXPERIENCES OF NURSE MANAGERS IN MANAGING A WORKFORCE WHO ARE HIV AND/OR TB INFECTED
Authors: Kerr Jane , Brysiewicz P , Bhengu B R 
Published: January 2018

Managing a workforce suffering from HIV and TB leads to management and administrative issues for nurse managers to deal with. The purpose of this study is to describe the experiences in the management of a nursing workforce suffering from HIV and TB in selected hospitals in South Africa. An interpretive constructionist ethnography using qualitative research methods in selected hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa was conducted. In depth interviews were conducted with 17 participants in 5 hospitals; the interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. The nurse managers described administrative, emotional, employee personal protection and the burden of death as the categories which emerged from the data. Â A theme emerged regarding the ambivalence between making decisions which are best for the patients and those which are best for the ill nurse. The burden experienced by nurse managers need to be understood and these require organizational support. Understanding the human resource management experiences of nurse managers managing HIV and TB infected nurses in a workforce may guide nurse managers working in similar contexts, with similar HIV and TB prevalence to that of Southern Africa.
BEING LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, TRANSGENDER AND INTERSEX (LGBTI) STUDENTS AT A SOUTH AFRICAN RURAL-BASED UNIVERSITY: Implications for HIV prevention
Authors: Mavhandu-Mudzusi A H , Ganga-Limando Makombo 
Published: January 2018

Negative attitudes towards Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Intersex (LGBTI) communities exist in South Africa, regardless of the constitutional provision and anti-discriminatory policies. Cases of violence against LGBTI persons due to their sexual orientation have been reported in the media and scientific journals. This study focused on LGBTI students of a rural-based university. It explored and described their experiences in interacting with members and structures of the university community. Â A qualitative descriptive, exploratory, and contextual design was used and data were collected through individual face to face in-depth interviews. Interviews were conducted with 20 participants, who were selected through snow-balling technique. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse data.Stigma and discrimination were the mains theme that emerged from the analysis of the interviews. Four sub-themes and various categories were derived from the main theme. Despite the constitutional provisions and the core values guiding any university, LGBTI students are still being stigmatized and discriminated against because of their sexual orientation. Stigma and discrimination issues should be incorporated in all HIV prevention activities in universities in South Africa.Â
The Influence of Exercise Dosing on Outcomes in Patients With Knee Disorders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Young Jodi L. , Rhon Daniel I. , Cleland Joshua A. , Snodgrass Suzanne J. 
Published: January 2018

Study Design Systematic review. Background Therapeutic exercise is commonly used to treat individuals with knee disorders, but dosing parameters for optimal outcomes are unclear. Large variations exist in exercise prescription, and research related to specific dosing variables for knee osteoarthritis, patellar tendinopathy, and patellofemoral pain is sparse. Objectives To identify specific doses of exercise related to improved outcomes of pain and function in individuals with common knee disorders, categorized by effect size. Methods Five electronic databases were searched for studies related to exercise and the 3 diagnoses. Means and standard deviations were used to calculate effect sizes for the exercise groups. The overall quality of evidence was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. Results Five hundred eighty-three studies were found after the initial search, and 45 were included for analysis after screening. Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale scores were “fair” quality and ranged from 3 to 8. For knee osteoarthritis, 24 total therapeutic exercise sessions and 8- and 12-week durations of exercise were parameters most often associated with large effects. An exercise frequency of once per week was associated with no effect. No trends were seen with exercise dosing for patellar tendinopathy and patellofemoral pain. Conclusion This review suggests that there are clinically relevant exercise dosing variables that result in improved pain and function for patients with knee osteoarthritis, but optimal dosing is still unclear for patellar tendinopathy and patellofemoral pain. Prospective studies investigating dosing parameters are needed to confirm the results from this systematic review. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 1a. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(3):146–161. Epub 10 Jan 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7637
Cognitive Demands Influence Lower Extremity Mechanics During a Drop Vertical Jump Task in Female Athletes
Authors: Almonroeder Thomas Gus , Kernozek Thomas , Cobb Stephen , Slavens Brooke , Wang Jinsung , Huddleston Wendy 
Published: January 2018

Study Design Cross-sectional study. Background The drop vertical jump task is commonly used to screen for anterior cruciate ligament injury risk; however, its predictive validity is limited. The limited predictive validity of the drop vertical jump task may be due to not imposing the cognitive demands that reflect sports participation. Objectives To investigate the influence of additional cognitive demands on lower extremity mechanics during execution of the drop vertical jump task. Methods Twenty uninjured women (age range, 18–25 years) were required to perform the standard drop vertical jump task, as well as drop vertical jumps that included additional cognitive demands. The additional cognitive demands were related to attending to an overhead goal (ball suspended overhead) and/or temporal constraints on movement selection (decision making). Three-dimensional ground reaction forces and lower extremity mechanics were compared between conditions. Results The inclusion of the overhead goal resulted in higher peak vertical ground reaction forces and lower peak knee flexion angles in comparison to the standard drop vertical jump task. In addition, participants demonstrated greater peak knee abduction angles when trials incorporated temporal constraints on decision making and/or required participants to attend to an overhead goal, in comparison to the standard drop vertical jump task. Conclusion Imposing additional cognitive demands during execution of the drop vertical jump task influenced lower extremity mechanics in a manner that suggested increased loading of the anterior cruciate ligament. Tasks utilized in anterior cruciate ligament injury risk screening may benefit from more closely reflecting the cognitive demands of the sports environment. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(5):381–387. Epub 10 Jan 2018. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7739
ANALISA PENGARUH VARIASI BENTUK ABSORBER PADA ALAT DESTILASI AIR LAUT TERHADAP KENAIKAN SUHU AIR DALAM RUANG PEMANAS DAN JUMLAH PENGUAPAN AIR YANG DIHASILKAN
Authors: Mukaddim Aldi , Wirawan Made , Alit Ida Bagus 
Published: January 2018

Clean water is a requirements of very important human life. Indonesia is a maritime country that has many islands surrounded by ocean, had a decreased clean water problem. One of the method to be used for obtain clean water is sea water distillation process. One of the most important tools is absorber distillation. occurs heat transfer from the absorber to the sea water causing, rising sea temperatures cause sea water to evaporate. The rising temperature of the sea water increases the amount of evaporation that occurs. The more the amount of evaporation generated will increase the number of fresh water produced. Increased seawater temperatures by increasing the temperature absorber, so it needs to be analyzed shape of the absorber which one can be produce more clean water than the others, a conclusion of the study indicated that solar distillation plat shape with a huge wave absorber produces more clean water than the others , the average amount of water that is more of 908 ml, compared with a small wave absorber plate only produce 764.4 ml average a day and a flat plate absorber only produce 599 ml average a day, it is not independent of heat absorption by absorber, solar distillation plat shape with a huge wave absorber absorbs more heat than the other two absorber plates, this has resulted in solar distillation shape with a huge wave absorber plate very well produce more water than the otehrs.