bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with Excess Weight in a Sample Population of School Adolescents
Authors: Farias Edson Dos Santos , Santos Josivana Pontes dos , Soares Maísa Maia , Moreira Katia Fernanda Alves , Gemelli Ivanice Fernandes Barcellos , Gonçalves Luis Gonzaga De Oliveira , Souza Orivaldo Florêncio de 
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Overweight has been reported as a public health problem. Consequently, this suggests epidemiological studies for nutritional surveillance.Objective: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with overweight among high school students in Capital of the Brazilian Western Amazon.Methods: cross-sectional study of 2694 adolescents from public and private schools. They collected demographic, socioeconomic and sedentary behavior through self-responded questionnaire. Overweight rating followed the recommendations of the World Health Organization (2007). The prevalence rates were calculated, odds ratio and their confidence intervals were calculated at 95%. They identified the factors associated with excess weight by multiple binary logistic regression.Results: The overall prevalence of overweight was 24.2% and 26.3% for males and 22.4% for females. After adjustment factors associated with overweight were economic class A / B (OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.45), private school type (OR = 1.21, 95% CI 1,02-1.46) and poor health perception (OR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.58). It was concluded that excess weight showed high prevalence in economy class adolescents and B and private schools in Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.Conclusion: Therefore, the practice of physical activity associated with a diet should be encouraged, in addition to reducing sedentary behavior, to prevent the development of overweight and obesity.
Las redes como un factor relevante en el desarrollo de la Resiliencia y la Calidad de vida en los adultos mayores
Authors: Saavedra Eugenio , Varas Cristián 
Published: September 2017

En la ciudad de Curicó, Séptima Región de Chile, se trabajó con un grupo de 82 adultos mayores, con la finalidad de describir sus niveles de calidad de vida auto percibidos y desarrollar un perfil de resiliencia. Los sujetos encuestados pertenecían al nivel socioeconómico bajo, de ambos sexos, con un promedio de edad cercano a los 71 años. Se administraron dos pruebas para obtener la información, a saber, la Escala de Resiliencia para Adultos SV-RES (Saavedra y Villalta, 2008) compuesta por 60 ítems divididos en 12 dimensiones y la Escala de Calidad de Vida (Varas, 2010) con 30 ítems.

El análisis de los resultados arroja un nivel de resiliencia cercano al promedio de la población, en tanto al comparar aquellos que asisten a talleres o grupos y aquellos que no asisten, se presentan fuertes diferencias tanto en la resiliencia, como también en la calidad de vida. Existe una correlación positiva entre la resiliencia y la calidad de vida, demostrando la asociación entre ambos aspectos. Se construye un perfil general de resiliencia y se comparan los resultados por sexo.

Se llevó a cabo un análisis en torno a la relevancia en pertenecer a grupos o tener una red en esta etapa de la vida y cómo aquello tiene un impacto positivo en la vida de estos adultos mayores. Lo antes expuesto, resultará de gran importancia al momento de diseñar programas de sociales e intervención y establecer fundamentos para la elaboración de políticas en torno a esta realidad.
San Telmo, backpackers y otras globalizaciones
Authors: Firmo Fernando 
Published: September 2017

Este artículo pretende contribuir al debate sobre otras formas de globalización presentando una etnografía realizada en el barrio de San Telmo sobre mochileros que combinan en sus experiencias viaje y trabajo. Su objetivo es viajar al mismo tiempo que sacan provecho de esto para conseguir el capital necesario que les permita continuar en movimiento alrededor del globo. En este texto quiero hablar sobre estos auténticos actores de la globalización popular que ponen el foco en procesos y agentes alternativos no hegemónicos y que en este caso desarrollan su actividad en el contexto de la experiencia mochilera en San Telmo, siendo mi intención enriquecer las reflexiones sobre la globalización desde abajo.
Local and Remote Impacts of Atmospheric Cloud Radiative Effects Onto the Eddy‐Driven Jet
Authors: Watt‐Meyer O. , Frierson D. M. W. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis study examines the cause of the spread of extratropical circulation responses to the inclusion of atmospheric cloud radiative effects (ACRE) across atmospheric general circulation models. The ensemble of Clouds On‐Off Klimate Intercomparison Experiment aquaplanet simulations shows that these responses include both equatorward and poleward shifts of the eddy‐driven jet of varying magnitudes. These disparate extratropical responses occur despite the relatively consistent response in the tropics: a heating in the upper troposphere, which leads to a strengthening of the Hadley cell. It is argued that the eddy‐driven jet response is a competition between two effects: the local influence of clouds driving shifts of the jet through meridional gradients in ACRE and the remote impact of a strengthened Hadley cell causing an equatorward shift of the eddy‐driven jet. Simulations in which cloud radiative effects are separately turned on in the tropics and extratropics demonstrate this explicitly.
Twentieth‐Century Hydrometeorological Reconstructions to Study the Multidecadal Variations of the Water Cycle Over France
Authors: Bonnet R. , Boé J. , Dayon G. , Martin E. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCharacterizing and understanding the multidecadal variations of the continental hydrological cycle is a challenging issue given the limitation of observed data sets. In this paper, a new approach to derive twentieth century hydrological reconstructions over France with an hydrological model is presented. The method combines the results of long‐term atmospheric reanalyses downscaled with a stochastic statistical method and homogenized station observations to derive the meteorological forcing needed for hydrological modeling. Different methodological choices are tested and evaluated. We show that using homogenized observations to constrain the results of statistical downscaling help to improve the reproduction of precipitation, temperature, and river flows variability. In particular, it corrects some unrealistic long‐term trends associated with the atmospheric reanalyses. Observationally constrained reconstructions therefore constitute a valuable data set to study the multidecadal hydrological variations over France. Thanks to these reconstructions, we confirm that the multidecadal variations previously noted in French river flows have mainly a climatic origin. Moreover, we show that multidecadal variations exist in other hydrological variables (evapotranspiration, snow cover, and soil moisture). Depending on the region, the persistence from spring to summer of soil moisture or snow anomalies generated during spring by temperature and precipitation variations may explain river flows variations in summer, when no concomitant climate variations exist.
Changes in Pore Water Quality After Peatland Restoration: Assessment of a Large‐Scale, Replicated Before‐After‐Control‐Impact Study in Finland
Authors: Menberu Meseret Walle , Marttila Hannu , Tahvanainen Teemu , Kotiaho Janne S. , Hokkanen Reijo , Kløve Bjørn , Ronkanen Anna‐Kaisa 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDrainage is known to affect peatland natural hydrology and water quality, but peatland restoration is considered to ameliorate peatland degradation. Using a replicated BACIPS (Before‐After‐Control‐Impact Paired Series) design, we investigated 24 peatlands, all drained for forestry and subsequently restored, and 19 pristine control boreal peatlands with high temporal and spatial resolution data on hydroclimate and pore water quality. In drained conditions, total nitrogen (Ntot), total phosphorus (Ptot), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in pore water were several‐fold higher than observed at pristine control sites, highlighting the impacts of long‐term drainage on pore water quality. In general, pore water DOC and Ntot decreased after restoration measures but still remained significantly higher than at pristine control sites, indicating long time lags in restoration effects. Different peatland classes and trophic levels (vegetation gradient) responded differently to restoration, primarily due to altered hydrology and varying acidity levels. Sites that were hydrologically overrestored (inundated) showed higher Ptot, Ntot, and DOC than well‐restored or insufficiently restored sites, indicating the need to optimize natural‐like hydrological regimes when restoring peatlands drained for forestry. Rich fens (median pH 6.2–6.6) showed lower pore water Ptot, Ntot, and DOC than intermediate and poor peats (pH 4.0–4.6) both before and after restoration. Nutrients and DOC in pore water increased in the first year postrestoration but decreased thereafter. The most important variables related to pore water quality were trophic level, peatland class, water table level, and soil and air temperature.
Using gamma index to flag changes in anatomy during image‐guided radiation therapy of head and neck cancer
Authors: Schaly Bryan , Kempe Jeff , Venkatesan Varagur , Mitchell Sylvia , Battista Jerry J 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDuring radiation therapy of head and neck cancer, the decision to consider replanning a treatment because of anatomical changes has significant resource implications. We developed an algorithm that compares cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) image pairs and provides an automatic alert as to when remedial action may be required. Retrospective CBCT data from ten head and neck cancer patients that were replanned during their treatment was used to train the algorithm on when to recommend a repeat CT simulation (re‐CT). An additional 20 patients (replanned and not replanned) were used to validate the predictive power of the algorithm. CBCT images were compared in 3D using the gamma index, combining Hounsfield Unit (HU) difference with distance‐to‐agreement (DTA), where the CBCT study acquired on the first fraction is used as the reference. We defined the match quality parameter (MQPx) as a difference between the xth percentiles of the failed‐pixel histograms calculated from the reference gamma comparison and subsequent comparisons, where the reference gamma comparison is taken from the first two CBCT images acquired during treatment. The decision to consider re‐CT was based on three consecutive MQP values being less than or equal to a threshold value, such that re‐CT recommendations were within ±3 fractions of the actual re‐CT order date for the training cases. Receiver‐operator characteristic analysis showed that the best trade‐off in sensitivity and specificity was achieved using gamma criteria of 3 mm DTA and 30 HU difference, and the 80th percentile of the failed‐pixel histogram. A sensitivity of 82% and 100% was achieved in the training and validation cases, respectively, with a false positive rate of ~30%. We have demonstrated that gamma analysis of CBCT‐acquired anatomy can be used to flag patients for possible replanning in a manner consistent with local clinical practice guidelines.
Fluorescent Protein Nanovessels: A New Platform to Generate Bio–Abiotic Hybrid Materials for Bioimaging
Authors: Wang Xiaoliang , Zhang Jianxu , Wang Youjun , Liu Yang , Li Zhenhua , Xie Zhigang , Chen Zhijun 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this report, a new platform to generate fluorescent protein nanovessels is described. Based on systemic analyses and reconstitution experiments, a combination of protein scaffold and organic dye is identified. Briefly, certain proteins such as bovine serum albumin (BSA) can rapidly form cube‐like scaffold upon heating. This protein scaffolds intrinsically interact with nonfluorescent dyes such as bromophenol blue (BPB), forming BSA‐BPB nanocubes (BBNCs). Moreover, it turns out that the commercially available dye BPB contains aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) properties, allowing the BBNCs emissive upon irradiation. The fluorescent protein nanovessels are highly biocompatible and can be readily internalized by different type of cells. The fluorescent signal of the materials is well‐penetrable from mouse tissues and can be detected at near‐infrared region, making it a useful tool for various biological imaging studies. This platform for making fluorescent protein nanovessels is green, rapid, and cost‐effective and can be extended to other protein scaffolds and possibly other dye/AIE molecules.
Highly Sensitive Low‐Bandgap Perovskite Photodetectors with Response from Ultraviolet to the Near‐Infrared Region
Authors: Wang Wenbin , Zhao Dewei , Zhang Fujun , Li Ludong , Du Mingde , Wang Changlei , Yu Yue , Huang Qianqian , Zhang Miao , Li Lingliang , Miao Jianli , Lou Zheng , Shen Guozhen , Fang Ying , Yan Yanfa 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIt is a great challenge to obtain broadband response perovskite photodetectors (PPDs) due to the relatively large bandgaps of the most used methylammonium lead halide perovskites. The response range of the reported PPDs is limited in the ultraviolet–visible range. Here, highly sensitive PPDs are successfully fabricated with low bandgap (≈1.25 eV) (FASnI3)0.6(MAPbI3)0.4 perovskite as active layers, exhibiting a broadband response from 300 to 1000 nm. The performance of the PPDs can be optimized by adjusting the thicknesses of the perovskite and C60 layers. The optimized PPDs with 1000 nm thick perovskite layer and 70 nm thick C60 layer exhibit an almost flat external quantum efficiency (EQE) spectrum from 350 to 900 nm with EQE larger than 65% under −0.2 V bias. Meanwhile, the optimized PPDs also exhibit suppressed dark current of 3.9 nA, high responsivity (R) of over 0.4 A W−1, high specific detectivity (D*) of over 1012 Jones in the near‐infrared region under −0.2 V. Such highly sensitive broadband response PPDs, which can work well as self‐powered conditions, offer great potential applications in multicolor light detection.
Nanoscale Ferromagnetic Cobalt‐Doped ZnO Structures Formed by Deep‐UV Direct‐Patterning
Authors: Yeh Chun‐Cheng , Colis Silviu , Fioux Philippe , Zan Hsiao‐Wen , Berling Dominique , Soppera Olivier 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCobalt (II) acetate is mixed with zinc methacrylate (ZnMAA) to form a photopatternable Co‐doped zinc oxide precursor. By using deep‐UV (DUV) interference lithography, Co‐doped ZnMAA precursor can be patterned as negative tone resist and transformed into ferromagnetic Co:ZnO films after thermal treatment. Moreover, Co:ZnO patterns as small as 300 nm line‐width can be easily obtained. To have an in‐depth understanding to the effect of DUV‐patterning process as well as thermal annealing on Co:ZnO films derived from Co‐doped ZnMAA precursor, optical, magnetic, and electrical characterizations are performed on Co:ZnO films prepared in different conditions. For the Co:ZnO film prepared without DUV‐patterning, large zero‐field‐cooling (ZFC)–field‐cooling (FC) irreversibility appears in superconducting quantum interference device measurements after vacuum annealing, indicating that Co clusters have formed inside the film. On the other hand, no ZFC–FC bifurcation can be observed for the DUV‐patterned Co:ZnO film after the vacuum annealing, suggesting that the uniformity of Co ion distribution inside ZnO lattice is improved by DUV‐patterning.
Advanced Biotechnologies Toward Engineering a Cell Home for Stem Cell Accommodation
Authors: Tian Bei‐Min , He Xiao‐Tao , Xu Xin‐Yue , Li Xuan , Wu Rui‐Xin , Chen Fa‐Ming 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBiomaterials that exhibit bioinspired behavior enable a range of novel biomedical applications. Cell‐friendly biomaterials incorporating crucial physicochemical cues can instruct and dictate cell behavior both in vitro and in vivo. Despite substantial advances, engineering a complex cell regulatory system that incorporates mechanical and chemical signals targeting specific intracellular events has remained far from a reality. Recently, biological studies have begun to decipher the dynamic interplay between stem cells and their microenvironments. Moreover, the myriad recently developed advanced material biotechnologies, such as 3D bioprinting, protein engineering, release technology, high‐throughput screening, and microfluidics, have enabled the engineering of sophisticated biomaterial systems that increasingly closely mimic the spatial and temporal characteristics of the native cell milieu. Thus, biomaterials engineered in the laboratory not only provide a fertile environment for fostering stem cells but also exhibit properties that elicit favorable crosstalk between the structural components, the cells and the host tissue in a precise physiological manner, enabling balanced matrix generation and degradation for successful tissue regeneration to be achieved. This progress report discusses these advanced biotechnologies for the design, fabrication, and functionalization of biomaterials, highlighting their merits over traditional methodologies for mimicking the structural and mechanical properties of their natural in vivo counterparts.
Determining Transport Properties of Complex Multiterminal Systems: S‐Matrix of General Tight‐Binding Periodic Leads
Authors: Ramírez Carlos 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCalculation of the scattering matrix (S‐matrix) of a system allows direct determination of its transport properties. Within the scattering theory, S‐matrices relate amplitudes of incoming and outgoing waves in semi‐infinite leads attached to a scattering region. Recently, an assembly method to calculate S‐matrices of arbitrary tight‐binding systems connected to atomic chains has been proposed, were the S‐matrices of subsystems are used to obtain S‐matrix of the total system. In this paper, a new efficient method to obtain S‐matrices of general periodic leads is established, which can be used in the mentioned assembly method, allowing to address coherent quantum transport of arbitrary multiterminal systems with complex geometries trough Landauer‐Büttiker formalism. In addition, a new method to determine extended‐state band structures of general infinite periodic wires is presented, which exploits properties of the S‐matrix. Finally, these methods are used to obtain band structure of graphene arm‐chair and zig‐zag nanoribbons and transmission functions in three terminal Z‐shaped graphene nanoribbon structures.
Real‐Time Control of the Enantioselectivity of a Supramolecular Catalyst Allows Selecting the Configuration of Consecutively Formed Stereogenic Centers
Authors: Zimbron Jeremy M. , Caumes Xavier , Li Yan , Thomas Christophe M. , Raynal Matthieu , Bouteiller Laurent 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe enantiomeric state of a supramolecular copper catalyst can be switched in situ in ca. five seconds. The dynamic property of the catalyst is provided by the non‐covalent nature of the helical assemblies supporting the copper centers. These assemblies are formed by mixing an achiral benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarboxamide (BTA) phosphine ligand (for copper coordination) and both enantiomers of a chiral phosphine‐free BTA co‐monomer (for chirality amplification). The enantioselectivity of the hydrosilylation reaction is fixed by the BTA enantiomer in excess, which can be altered by simple BTA addition. As a result of the complete and fast stereochemical switch, any combination of the enantiomers was obtained during the conversion of a mixture of two substrates.
Cationic Nitrogen‐Doped Helical Nanographenes
Authors: Xu Kun , Fu Yubin , Zhou Youjia , Hennersdorf Felix , Machata Peter , Vincon Ilka , Weigand Jan J. , Popov Alexey A. , Berger Reinhard , Feng Xinliang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHerein, we report the design and synthesis of a series of novel cationic nitrogen‐doped nanographenes (CNDNs) with nonplanar geometry and axial chirality. Single‐crystal X‐ray analysis reveals helical and cove‐edged structures. Compared to their all‐carbon analogues, the frontier orbitals of the CNDNs are energetically lower lying, with a reduced optical energy gap and greater electron‐accepting behavior. Cyclic voltammetry shows all the derivatives to undergo quasireversible reductions. In situ spectroelectrochemical studies prove that, depending on the number of nitrogen dopants, either neutral radicals (one nitrogen dopant) or radical cations (two nitrogen dopants) are formed upon reduction. The concept of cationic nitrogen doping and introducing helicity into nanographenes paves the way for the design and synthesis of expanded nanographenes or even graphene nanoribbons with cationic nitrogen dopants.
Promoting mastery of complex biological mechanisms
Authors: Bradshaw William S. , Groneman Kathryn J. , Nelson Jennifer , Bell John D. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis article describes efforts aimed at improving comprehension and retention of complex molecular mechanisms commonly studied in undergraduate biology and biochemistry courses. The focus is on the design of appropriate assessments, an active classroom emphasizing formative practice, and more effective out‐of‐class study habits. Assessments that require students to articulate their understanding through writing are the most effective. Frequent formative practice improves performance on problems that require intellectual transfer, the ability to apply conceptual principles in novel settings. We show that success with such problems is a function of mastery of the intrinsic logic of the biology in play, not variations in the way they are written. Survey data demonstrate that many students would prefer a learning style not dominated by memorization of factual details, but how to develop a more effective strategy is rarely intuitive. Matching individual students with specific learning styles has not proven useful. Instead, teachers can strongly promote individual metacognitive appraisal during both classroom activities and other study environments. © 2017 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 46(1):7–21, 2018.
03.24: Compressive strength of transverse and longitudinal T‐type branch plate‐to‐circular hollow section connections
Authors: Zapata Luis Miguel , Graciano Carlos 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTConnections have a great influence on the structural behaviour and safety of steel structures, hence extensive investigation has been conducted to determine the most efficient methods to design these elements. Nevertheless, for plate‐to‐circular hollow section connections the studies are mostly based on numerical technics and experimentation, this paper addresses a theoretical approach to estimate the ultimate strength for both transverse and longitudinal T‐type plate‐to‐chord connections loaded under branch plate compression. In the current work, an ultimate strength equation for each type of connection was derived using the upper bound theorem of plastic collapse, this theorem was employed to develop a mechanical model that defines the elastoplastic collapse of the connection components which is characterized mainly by the formation of yield lines in the chord. The model takes into consideration both the most influential geometrical parameters and that of membrane effects, particularly, the parameter for the effective branch member depth‐to‐chord diameter ratio of the connection was calibrated by regression analysis. Theoretical predictions were compared with available experimental data, finite element results and current design equations included in the CIDECT rules, showing fair correlation considering that the nature of some of the variables in the model proposed rely on the use of regression analysis.