bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensory processing in children with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A comparative study using the Short Sensory Profile
Authors: Dalpatadu M. , Wijetunga S. , Kapugama K. , Kotalawala S. , Suraweera C. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the sensory modulation disorders among others like autism, Asperger syndrome and Fragile X syndrome. Little is known about patients with ADHD and their sensory processing issues in Sri Lanka.AimsTo investigate differences in sensory processing among children between (3–10) yrs with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and those who are typically developing in Sri Lanka.MethodsA descriptive cross sectional study of 75 children aged (3–10) yrs attending child guidance clinic at Lady Ridgeway Hospital (LRH) were compared with 75 age matched peers who were typically developing, using the Short Sensory Profile (SSP).ResultsOut of the sample population of 150, there was a significant difference in sensory processing total score (P-0.001) (df-29) of children with ADHD when compared to the typically developing group. The greatest differences were reported on the tactile (P-0.013), taste (P-0.000), under responsiveness (P-0.002), auditory filtering (P-0.002) & low energy (P-0.017). Out of the raw items commonest sensory processing problems were difficulty standing in line, distractability if there is a lot of noise around, being unable to work with background noise & difficulty paying attention due to auditory deficits.ConclusionsMajority of children in this sample were reported to have difficulties with processing and responding to sensory input on the SSP. Further studies are needed to assess sensory issues in children with ADHD, to carry out effective interventions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The case of successful treatment of gender identity disorder of childhood
Authors: Pityk O. , Seliverstova V. 
Published: June 2017

Gender identity disorder of childhood refers to a rather rare disorders, but according to the literature girls with the disorder in the future may become homosexual or transsexual. The necessary diagnostic criterion for gender identity disorder of childhood is the presence of a constant desire to belong (or the conviction of belonging) to the opposite sex, coupled with a strong denial of the behavior, characteristics and/or clothing specific to the registered sex. Usually the disorder is manifested in the preschool years, but for diagnosing it is necessary that it manifests before the onset of puberty. Both sexes may have a rejection of anatomical structures inherent in his own sex; however, such unusual display is rare.Patient V. came to the appointment with psychiatrist with parents 3 years ago. During the interview reported that she starts to feel the boy at the age of 9 years. This announcement provoked outrage from parents. With the beginning of the critical days began to position herself in a male person. The patient met all diagnostic criteria for gender identity disorder of childhood. The patient underwent a course of systemic therapy combined with nootropics. Currently, patient name is the name of a female, the patient wears women's clothing, identifies herself as a woman. The patient continues to meet with a psychotherapist, is satisfied with the treatment, thoughts on sex change does not express. Thus, in the case of diagnosis of this disorder can become effective systemic therapy in combination with nootropics.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Pediatric acute onset neuropsychiatric syndrome associated with Epstein–Barr infection in child with Noonan syndrome
Authors: Tisi G.P. , Marzolini M. , Biffi G. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPediatric acute onset neuropsychiatric syndrome is associated with various infections (i.e. Streptococcus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae).ObjectivesWe describe a case of PANS associated with mononucleosis, in a patient with Noonan syndrome.AimsTo report a case of EBV-related PANS.MethodsA 13-year-old patient, diagnosed with Noonan syndrome, was referred to the pediatric unit of our hospital in August 2016 because of aggressive behavior and suicidal ideation. He had no personal or family history of psychiatric disorder. His parents and him denied substance abuse. His symptoms had begun abruptly one month prior to our evaluation, after watching an internet video, and consisted in intrusive thoughts and images associated with mental compulsions. Suicidal thoughts and verbal aggressiveness emerged because he felt overwhelmed by these symptoms.ResultsHe was initially treated with sertraline 25 mg, and subsequently switched to aripiprazole because of increased anxiety. Throat cultures and anti-streptolysin titer (ASO) were negative, as well as Ig(M) and Ig(G) antibodies for M. pneumoniae. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were also negative. Epstein–Barr virus Ig(M) and Ig(G) were positive. He continued therapy with aripiprazole 10 mg after hospital discharge with partial benefit.ConclusionsEpstein–Barr virus infection has been reported to precede various neuropsychological disorders, but to the best of our knowledge, rare cases of PANS following mononucleosis have been described in literature. In our case, psychopharmacological treatment for OCD symptoms was the only treatment performed and led to a partial remission of symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Face processing in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Zaky E. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by impaired social and communicative abilities as well as restricted, repetitive, stereotyped pattern of behaviors, interests, and activities. Significant difficulties in social interactions in autistics are manifested by impairment in eye-to-eye contact, social reciprocity, and response to emotional cues.ObjectiveHighlighting the neurological basis of normal face processing and its abnormalities in ASD with percussions on the management plan of autistic children.SummaryHuman face processing that was proved to be compromised in autistic individuals is pivotal for proper social interactions. Such simple spontaneous perceptual task in normal children is carried out by face processing areas of the brain; fusiform gyrus, superior temporal sulcus, and amygdala. Behavioral, electrophysiological, and neuroimaging studies showed evidences of dysfunction of such areas in autistics who often focus on face periphery and cannot interpret that it tells something about a person's state of mind. Very early targeted intervention can stimulate face processing areas of the brain during the early developmental phases of social brain circuitry which in turn will help autistics to pay attention to faces and learn to understand emotional expressions.ConclusionEventually, prevention or at least significant amelioration of severity and symptomatology spectrum of autism might be possible.Disclosure of interestThe author have not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
The profile of female crack users undergoing treatment on psychosocial care center for alcohol and others drugs in Brazil
Authors: Carvalho C.M. , Cardoso Vernaglia T.V. , Senju Suzuki N. , Correa Sória D. de Assis 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundThe prevalence of crack cocaine on Brazil reveal an increase since 2009 and represents a public health problem.AimsTo describe and study the socio-demographic profile of female crack users undergoing treatment in psychosocial care center for alcohol and others drugs (CAPS AD).MethodsThis is a qualitative, ethnographic study of 9 female crack users that was conduct from February until September 2015 at CAPS AD in Brazil. This is study is part of a research entitled “The daily life of female crack users: public service access”.ResultsThese women are young, have children that most of them are separated and have at least primary school. All of them have a long time using crack and different attempts of abstinence. They access different public health programs.ConclusionThe results show the vulnerable profile of female crack users. These findings indicate the need specific public intervention in other to improve social and health conditions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Body dysmorphic disorder: Classification challenges and variants
Authors: De Uribe-Viloria N. , Alonso-Sanchez A. , Cepedello Perez S. , Gomez Garcia M. , De Lorenzo Calzon M. , Red Gallego H. De La , Alvarez Astorga A. , Medina Ojeda G. , Ladron De Cegama F. De Uribe 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe main feature of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is impairing preoccupation with a physical defect that appears slight to others. Previously, its delusional and nondelusional variants were sorted in two separate categories, but owing to new data suggesting that there are more similitudes than differences between them, DSM-5 now classifies both as levels of insight of the same disorder.ObjectivesTo enunciate the similarities and differences between the two variants of BDD.AimsTo better understand the features and comorbidity of BDD, so as to improve its management and treatment.MethodsTaking DSM-5 and DSM-IV-TR as a reference, we have made a bibliographic search in MEDLINE (PubMed), reviewing articles no older than 5 years that fit into the following keywords: body dysmorphic disorder, delusions, comorbidity, DSM-IV, DSM-5.ResultsBoth the delusional and nondelusional form presented many similarities in different validators, which include family and personal history, pathophysiology, core symptoms, comorbidity, course and response to pharmacotherapy.ConclusionsThe new classification of delusional and nondelusional forms of BDD as levels of insight of the same disorder, which places them closer to the obsessive-compulsive spectrum than to the psychotic one, not only improves treatment options, but also reinforces the theory that delusions are not exclusive of psychotic disorders, setting a precedent for the understanding and classification of other disorders with delusional/nondelusional symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Mental Health Europe's “beyond the bio-medical paradigm task force” issues on ICD-10
Authors: Kinderman P. , Pini P. , Wooley S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionRecent developments in psychiatric diagnosis risk downgrading psychological and social aspects of personal recovery and marginalise the individual needs and aspirations of people, considered in their local context. The publication of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Health Disorders (DSM-5) by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) prompted MHE to establish the Beyond the Biomedical Paradigm Task Force (BBPtf) to investigate, debate and report on these issues.ObjectivesMental Health Europe (MHE) – along with others both within and outside mainstream psychiatry – has noted with concern the increasing dominance of a biological approach to mental health problems. We see a risk of diagnoses being misused when they become part of a complex managerial health system responding mainly to the economic and issues of safety or social control. This kind of misuse could breach the principles of the UN CRPD. MHE welcomes the role of the WHO in coordinating internationally appropriate classification systems. However, we want to ensure that systems based on biomedical, economic and managerial issues are balanced with systems based on knowledge of personal experiences, life stories and direct relationships, which have proven outcomes and which respect human rights and dignity.AimsThis workshop will explore the complex philosophical issues associated with psychiatric diagnosis and, in particular, the ICD-10 revision process.Disclosure of interestI am President of the British Psychological Society and a member of both Mental Health Europe's “Beyond the Bio-Medical Paradigm Task Force” and the Council for Evidence Based Psychiatry. I am currently in receipt of funding from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) and the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC), and I have previously received funding from a variety of sources.The others authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Behavioral disorders in emergencies. Differential diagnosis and treatment
Authors: González S.M. Bañón , Portilla N. Ogando , Jiménez M.G. García , García R. Álvarez , Sánchez F. García 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe clinical case has been submitted because it presents a number of difficulties in diagnosis. After seven psychiatric hospitalizations, it does not present a definitive diagnosis, poor prognosis and multiple relapses.ObjectivesBoth analyze clinical, psychopathological and epidemiological characteristics of behavioral disorders in relation to a clinical case and review causes, incidence, prevalence, diagnostic, therapeutic tools and the importance of an appropriate differential diagnosis to reach a correct therapeutic approach.MethodsReview of the impact literature for the last five years concerning behavioral disorders: prevalence, incidence, pathogenesis and its relationship with psychiatric disorders encoded in DSM-V.ResultsIt is evident that the patient has behavioral disorders and psychotic symptoms in the context of cocaine intoxication. Although sometimes the dose of cocaine has been very small and probably not justifies in all cases a toxic psychosis, it is true that withdrawal periods have been short; therefore difficult to assess. Also mania-like symptoms have been discussed because the patient has an increased activity, dysphoric mood, anxiety and decreased need for sleep.ConclusionsResponse to treatment and hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention characteristics make us consider the diagnosis of adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). ADHD in adults and adolescents have significant comorbidity with substance abuse, particularly cocaine, amphetamines and psychostimulants, also alcohol, tobacco and cannabis, and with other psychiatric disorders: oppositional defiant, personality (especially cluster B: antisocial, etc), anxiety (generalized anxiety, phobias, panic..), affective or eating disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Cancer, depression symptoms and quality of life: The role of creativity
Authors: Delpech L. , Sordes F. , Sudres J.L. 
Published: June 2017

The diagnosis of cancer is associated with the occurrence of psychopathological symptoms, which cause even more difficulties to patients. Scientific research demonstrates that creativity could help increase the general population's quality of life and regulate their negative emotions, but only a few studies are available on the link between creativity and the regulation of patients’ respective experience. This study aims at (1) measuring the impact of creativity on the patient's level of depression and quality of life and (2) evaluating the psychopathological profile of the creative person. Thirty-five subjects undergoing chemotherapy treatment (age: 61 + 11) took part in this study. The experimental protocol is composed of creativity, depression and QoL tests. The results show that creativity is negatively correlated with depression level and positively with QoL (r = −45; P = <.05 and r=.54; P = <.01 respectively). The linear regressions show that creativity is a variable, which predicts a high QoL (F = 13.83; P=.001). Also, 29.5% of the QoL variability is explained by creativity. A cluster analysis sorted out three different groups: very creative persons (VCP); mildly creative persons (MCP); slightly creative persons (SCP). VCPs have a significantly lower level of depression and have a better QoL compared to SCPs. MCPs have a level of depression between the other groups and a similar level of QoL than VCPs. These results suggest that creativity could have a noticeable influence on how patients experience their cancer. Further studies on this phenomenon will be necessary for creativity to be taken into account for psychological follow-up in oncology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Prevalence of ADHD and co-morbid conditions among university students
Authors: Gormez A. , Kocer E. , Kurtulmus A. , Kirpinar I. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent difficulties with attention, increased impulsivity and hyperactivity. Comorbidity is often reported in adults with ADHD with a range of 60–100% of patients having at least one co-morbid condition.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of ADHD among university students and to investigate some co-occurring symptoms and disorders.AimsWe aimed to raise awareness of adult ADHD and underscore its co-morbidity.Method486 undergraduate students at Bezmialem Vakif university in Istanbul filled in the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS), Beck Anxiety Scale (Beck-A), Beck Depression Scale (Beck-D) and a purpose-designed structured socio-demographic form.ResultsOur results revealed that 6% of participants reported significant ADHD symptoms using 1.5 standard deviation above mean on the ASRS. 67% of students with significant ADHD symptoms had a psychiatric history other than ADHD. History of depression, anxiety and sleep problems were significantly higher in this group (P < 0.05). They scored higher on Beck-A and Beck-D (P < 0.05). Students with significant ADHD symptoms reported more night eating, binge eating behaviours and more headache (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the history of epilepsy, asthma, allergy and diabetes. Family history of psychiatric disorder particularly ADHD, depression and eating disorder were higher in the ADHD group (P < 0.05).ConclusionOur results demonstrate that ADHD is prevalent among university students with high co-morbidity. Hence people with ADHD need comprehensive and lifelong assessment and management of their symptoms and needs.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
VTE and physical health assessment upon admission to acute functional and organic psychiatric in-patient wards: An audit
Authors: Mistry N. , Sikka G. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a condition that causes a blood clot to form within the venous blood system. If this blood clot forms in the peripheral venous system it can cause symptoms such as calf pain and swelling. If this clot becomes dislodged, it may travel through the vessels into the pulmonary artery which can have much more severe consequences.ObjectivesThere has been a great deal of effort in recent years to increase the percentage of in-patients receiving a VTE assessment; and for those patients to receive appropriate VTE prophylaxis. VTE is a significant cause of inpatient deaths. This audit aims to compare current working practice to local standards and identify learning points.MethodsVTE and physical health assessment data was collected by checking electronic admission summaries from three acute psychiatric in-patient wards on a random date in 2016. The local pathway for the management of physical health and wellbeing states that the VTE assessment and Physical Health Assessment should be completed within 6 hours of admission. NICE guidelines also state that all patients should be assessed on admission, with a standard of 100%.Results60% of patients had a VTE assessment and 54% of patients had a physical health assessment done within 6 hours of admission.ConclusionsThis audit shows that the necessary standards are not met. Importance of these assessments has been communicated during induction programmes for all staff.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The EFPT-PSUD survey
Authors: Rojnic Palavra I. , Orsolini L. , Potocan M. , Diego Q. , Martens M. , Levola J. , Grichy L. , Gondek T.M. , Dias M. Casanova , Pinto da Costa M. , Tomori S. , Mullerova S. , Sonmez E. , Borovcanin M. , Banjac V. , Marinova P. , Pakutkaitė I.K. , Kuiters J. , Popescu A.L. , Biskup E. , Naughton S. , San Roman Uria A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAlthough psychoactive substance use disorders (PSUD) belong to the domain of mental health, their management varies greatly among European countries. Furthermore, both the role of psychiatrists and trainees in the treatment of PSUD is not the same for each European country.AimsAmong the context of the European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees (EFPT), the PSUD Working Group has developed a survey that has been spread out between the 15th of august 2015 and 15th of October 2016, at the aim of gathering information about the training in PSUD in Europe, both from Child and Adolescent, and General Adult Psychiatric (CAP and GAP) trainees.ObjectivesThe survey investigated, at European level, the organisation of the PSUD training, trainees satisfaction, attitudes towards people who use psychoactive substances, management of pharmacologic and involvement in common clinical situations.MethodsA 70-items questionnaire regarding the aforementioned objectives was developed, and shared trough an online data-collecting system among European CAP and GAP trainees, with 40 trainees per country filling the survey in at least 25 countries. One national coordinator per country facilitated the delivering of the survey.ResultsA total of 1250 surveys were filled from more than 25 European countries.ConclusionsData from the survey will be promptly analysed.The survey will be the first to explore European psychiatric trainees attitudes and practices about PSUD. Findings from this independent survey may serve in understanding the needs of trainees in the field of substance misuse psychiatry.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Connection between body mass index (BMI) and expression of symptoms in individuals with mental disorders
Authors: Pisk S. Vuk , Anamarija B. , Nikolina T.V. , Igor F. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionResearch shows that the prevalence of obesity is greater in individuals with mental disorders than in general population. According to literature, obesity is correlated with intensity of symptoms and suicidality.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between BMI and severity of symptoms, as well as suicidality and gender. The aim was also to determine whether there is a difference in the severity of symptoms and suicidality among individuals with different diagnoses.MethodsParticipants in this study were 37 men and 73 women with diagnosis of psychosis, personality disorder, bipolar affective disorder, unipolar depression and anxiety disorder treated in Psychiatric hospital “Sveti Ivan”, Zagreb, Croatia. Sociodemographic data were collected and BMI was calculated. All participants fulfilled the DASS 21 (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale by Fernando Gomez) and Suicide Severity Rating Scale (Columbia–Suicide Severity Rating Scale (Center for Suicide Risk Assessment).ResultsThere is no significant correlation between BMI and severity of symptoms, as well as between BMI and suicidality. But there are significant differences in the severity of stress (P = 0.005) and suicidality (P = 0.004) in individuals with different diagnoses.ConclusionsThe results identify that a significant part of individuals with mental disorders are either obese or overweight, but there were no significant differences in relation to suicide and intensity of symptoms depending on the BMI.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.