bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Combined with Lateral Extra-Articular Tenodesis or Anterolateral Ligament Reconstruction Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wien Aryana Gusti Ngurah , Pratama Putra Dewa Gede Indra , Dimitri Dominicus 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of two primary ligaments responsible for providing stability to the knee joint. ACL rupture is a frequent occurrence in sports-related knee injuries. Persistent rotational instability following surgical reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACLR) has presented a longstanding difficulty. Anterolateral extra-articular procedures (AEAP), including lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) or reconstruction of the anterolateral ligament (ALLR), have been employed to address this issue. METHODS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to August 2023. Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) studies were included. The CONSORT criteria were used to assess the risk of bias. Using Review Manager ver. 5.4. The effect sizes were estimated as log risk ratios and SMDs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Of the 17 screened studies, 9 RCTs met the eligibility criteria for qualitative analysis; 7 were included in the meta-analysis. It was found that [OR = -1.56 (-2.02 to -1.06), P < 0.001)] in favor of ACLR+AEAP, this indicates that the incorporation of AEAP in ACLR leads to significantly improved pivot shift test results, thereby enhancing rotational stability. The comparison of pivot-shift alone in LET [OR = 0.40 (0.19-0.81), P < 0.0001] and ALLR [OR = 0.23 (0.11-0.47), P < 0.0001]. The comparison of adverse event rates in LET [OR = 2.34 (1.53-3.58), P < 0.0001] and ALLR [OR = 0.59 (0.36-0.95), P = 0.03]. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis has found that use of either LET or ALLR in addition to ACLR enhances mechanical results. Patients who received both additional procedures along with ACLR exhibited better pivot-shift grades than those who only had ACLR. Moreover, both combined approaches resulted in lower rates of ACL re-rupture compared to ACLR alone. Notably, ALLR also led to lower rates of ACL re-rupture compared to LET.
An evaluation of autonomic and gastrointestinal symptoms, and gastric emptying, in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Hughes Michael , Harrison Elizabeth , Herrick Ariane L , Lal Simon , McLaughlin John T 
Published: October 2024

Objective: Assessment of gastrointestinal and autonomic symptoms in patients with systemic sclerosis, and possible associations with gastric emptying rate. Methods: Participant and patient disease-related characteristics were collected. Gastrointestinal and autonomic symptoms were assessed by the UCLA-SCTC GIT 2.0 and COMPASS-31 questionnaires, respectively. Potentially confounding gastrointestinal medications were discontinued where possible. Gastric emptying was assessed using a non-radioactive 13C sodium acetate isotope, end-expiratory breath samples collected at baseline and then serial timepoints up to 120 min. Results: In total, 49 participants were studied: 17 with systemic sclerosis with variable gastrointestinal involvement, and healthy matched (n = 17) and non-matched controls (n = 15), the last to control for the impact of age rather than disease on gastric emptying and autonomic function. The total mean (range) UCLA GIT 2.0 questionnaire for patients with systemic sclerosis was 0.63 (0.0–1.5) and for both healthy matched and non-matched controls was 0.04 (0.0–0.2), and was higher in patients with systemic sclerosis across all domains. The total mean (range) COMPASS-31 score for patients with systemic sclerosis patients was 32.2 (0.0–54.9) and for healthy matched- and non-matched controls: 7.45 (0.0–24.9) and 4.25 (0.0–2.1), respectively, again higher for patients with systemic sclerosis across all domains. No association was observed between patients’ UCLA GIT 2.0 total score (s = −0.039, p = 0.38), total COMPASS 31 score (s = −0.108, p = 0.68), or COMPASS-31 GI domain (s = −0.051, p = 0.85) and gastric emptying rates. Conclusion: Gastrointestinal and autonomic symptoms are overrepresented in patients with systemic sclerosis but did not associate with gastric emptying rates.
SPOT: spatial proteomics through on-site tissue-protein-labeling
Authors: Xu Yuanwei , Lih T. Mamie , De Marzo Angelo M. , Li Qing Kay , Zhang Hui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Spatial proteomics seeks to understand the spatial organization of proteins in tissues or at different subcellular localization in their native environment. However, capturing the spatial organization of proteins is challenging. Here, we present an innovative approach termed Spatial Proteomics through On-site Tissue-protein-labeling (SPOT), which combines the direct labeling of tissue proteins in situ on a slide and quantitative mass spectrometry for the profiling of spatially-resolved proteomics.

Materials and Methods
Efficacy of direct TMT labeling was investigated using seven types of sagittal mouse brain slides, including frozen tissues without staining, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues without staining, deparaffinized FFPE tissues, deparaffinized and decrosslinked FFPE tissues, and tissues with hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining, hematoxylin (H) staining, eosin (E) staining. The ability of SPOT to profile proteomes at a spatial resolution was further evaluated on a horizontal mouse brain slide with direct TMT labeling at eight different mouse brain regions. Finally, SPOT was applied to human prostate cancer tissues as well as a tissue microarray (TMA), where TMT tags were meticulously applied to confined regions based on the pathological annotations. After on-site direct tissue-protein-labeling, tissues were scraped off the slides and subject to standard TMT-based quantitative proteomics analysis.

Results
Tissue proteins on different types of mouse brain slides could be directly labeled with TMT tags. Moreover, the versatility of our direct-labeling approach extended to discerning specific mouse brain regions based on quantitative outcomes. The SPOT was further applied on both frozen tissues on slides and FFPE tissues on TMAs from prostate cancer tissues, where a distinct proteomic profile was observed among the regions with different Gleason scores.

Conclusions
SPOT is a robust and versatile technique that allows comprehensive profiling of spatially-resolved proteomics across diverse types of tissue slides to advance our understanding of intricate molecular landscapes.
Dengue virus surveillance in Nepal yields the first on-site whole genome sequences of isolates from the 2022 outbreak
Authors: Napit Rajindra , Elong Ngono Annie , Mihindukulasuriya Kathie A. , Pradhan Aunji , Khadka Binod , Shrestha Smita , Droit Lindsay , Paredes Anne , Karki Lata , Khatiwada Rabindra , Tamang Mamata , Chalise Bimal Sharma , Rawal Manisha , Jha Bimalesh Kumar , Wang David , Handley Scott A. , Shresta Sujan , Manandhar Krishna Das 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
The 4 serotypes of dengue virus (DENV1-4) can each cause potentially deadly dengue disease, and are spreading globally from tropical and subtropical areas to more temperate ones. Nepal provides a microcosm of this global phenomenon, having met each of these grim benchmarks. To better understand DENV transmission dynamics and spread into new areas, we chose to study dengue in Nepal and, in so doing, to build the onsite infrastructure needed to manage future, larger studies.

Methods and results
During the 2022 dengue season, we enrolled 384 patients presenting at a hospital in Kathmandu with dengue-like symptoms; 79% of the study participants had active or recent DENV infection (NS1 antigen and IgM). To identify circulating serotypes, we screened serum from 50 of the NS1+ participants by RT-PCR and identified DENV1, 2, and 3 – with DENV1 and 3 codominant. We also performed whole-genome sequencing of DENV, for the first time in Nepal, using our new on-site capacity. Sequencing analysis demonstrated the DENV1 and 3 genomes clustered with sequences reported from India in 2019, and the DENV2 genome clustered with a sequence reported from China in 2018.

Conclusion
These findings highlight DENV’s geographic expansion from neighboring countries, identify China and India as the likely origin of the 2022 DENV cases in Nepal, and demonstrate the feasibility of building onsite capacity for more rapid genomic surveillance of circulating DENV. These ongoing efforts promise to protect populations in Nepal and beyond by informing the development and deployment of DENV drugs and vaccines in real time.
Exploring the longitudinal expression dynamics of midguts in adult female Amblyomma americanum ticks
Authors: Lu Stephen , de Sousa-Paula Lucas C. , Ribeiro Jose M. C. , Tirloni Lucas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Female ticks remain attached to their host for multiple days to complete a blood meal. This prolonged feeding period is accompanied by a significant increase in the tick’s size and body weight, paralleled by noteworthy changes to the tick midgut. While the midgut is recognized for its established role in blood storage and processing, its importance extends to playing a crucial role in the acquisition, survival, and proliferation of pathogens. Despite this, our overall understanding of tick midgut biology is limited.

Results
Our transcriptome analysis identified 15,599 putative DNA coding sequences (CDS), which were classified into 26 functional groups. Dimensional and differential expression analyses revealed four primary transcriptional profiles corresponding to unfed, slow-feeding, transitory (from slow- to rapid-feeding), and rapid-feeding stages. Additionally, comparing the current dataset with previously deposited transcriptome from other tick species allowed the identification of commonly expressed transcripts across different feeding stages.

Conclusion
Our findings provide a detailed temporal resolution of numerous metabolic pathways in the midgut of A. americanum adult females throughout the feeding process, highlighting the dynamic transcriptional regulation of the tick’s midgut as feeding progresses. Furthermore, we identified conserved transcripts across three different tick species that exhibit similar expression patterns. This knowledge not only enhances our understanding of the physiological processes within the tick midgut but also opens up potential avenues for developing control methods that target multiple tick species.
The provision of bereavement care by general practitioners: data from a sentinel network
Authors: Renckens Sophie C. , Pasman H. Roeline , Veldhuijzen Nienke J. , Onwuteaka-Philipsen Bregje D. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Limited information exists regarding the prevalence of bereavement care provision by general practitioners (GPs) and in what cases they provide this. Insights into the current practice of bereavement care provision by GPs can highlight areas for improvement of the bereavement care practice. Therefore, we examined in how many cases GPs contacted relatives regarding bereavement care, and which case-specific characteristics are associated.

Methods
This study had a retrospective cross-sectional design and used data from a clustered sample of 52 GP-practices in the Netherlands. Patient cases were included if they were one year or older and died between January 1st, 2018 and December 31st, 2022. The main outcome was whether the GP had had contact with relatives regarding bereavement care or planned to do so. Descriptive statistics were used, as well as logistic regression analyses with generalized estimating equations.

Results
Following 86.4% of deaths, GPs either had contact with or planned to have contact with relatives of their deceased patients regarding bereavement care. This likelihood was higher in non-sudden deaths compared to sudden deaths (odds ratio [OR] 1.60). In cases of non-sudden death, GPs were more likely to provide bereavement care if an informal caregiver was involved (OR 3.81), or if the GP was part of a palliative care at home group (PaTz) (OR 2.78).

Conclusions
In the majority of cases GPs reach out to the relatives of their deceased patients to offer bereavement care. Given their familiarity with the deceased person, particularly instances of non-sudden death, the GP seems to be well-positioned to provide bereavement care, especially support that focuses on reviewing the period leading up to the death.
Release of sputum neutrophil granules is associated with pulmonary function and disease severity in childhood asthma
Authors: Kim Min Jung , Kim Soo Yeon , Kim Jong Deok , Park Mireu , Kim Yoon Hee , Kim Kyung Won , Sohn Myung Hyun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and human neutrophil lipocalin or neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (HNL/NGAL) are stored in neutrophil granulocytes and secreted upon activation of the cells. They have been proposed to reflect the degree of inflammation in the airways. However, their role as potential markers of disease severity in childhood asthma remains unknown. This study investigated the relationship between the expression of MPO and HNL/NGAL and childhood asthma.

Methods
A total of 83 pediatric patients with asthma and 59 controls were enrolled. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, the human MPO and HNL/NGAL levels were measured in sputum supernatants. Assessments including spirometry, methacholine challenge test, and atopy test were conducted.

Results
No difference in sputum neutrophil counts was observed between pediatric patients with asthma and controls. However, sputum MPO and HNL/NGAL levels were significantly higher in patients with asthma than in controls (p = 0.021 and p < 0.001, respectively), especially in patients with moderate-to-severe persistent asthma. In patients with asthma, sputum MPO and HNL/NGAL levels showed a positive correlation with sputum neutrophil counts (MPO, r = 0.433, p < 0.001; HNL/NGAL, r = 0.584, p < 0.001) and with each other (r = 0.628, p < 0.001). Moreover, sputum HNL/NGAL level demonstrated better ability to accurately reflect current pulmonary function, airway inflammation, and limitations than MPO level in this study.

Conclusions
Sputum MPO and HNL/NGAL levels, which reflect neutrophil activation in airways, were increased in pediatric patients with asthma. Moreover, sputum MPO and HNL/NGAL may serve as appropriate assessment indicators of asthma severity in pediatric patients.
Prevalence of Dunning-Kruger effect in first semester medical students: a correlational study of self-assessment and actual academic performance
Authors: Knof Harald , Berndt Markus , Shiozawa Thomas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The ability to self-assess is a crucial skill in identifying one’s own strengths and weaknesses and in coordinating self-directed learning. The Dunning-Kruger effect occurs when limited knowledge causes individuals to overestimate their competence and underestimate others’, leading to poor self-assessment and unrecognized incompetence. To serve as a foundation for developing strategies to improve self-assessment, the self-assessment abilities of first-semester students were assessed.

Methods
In the final weeks of the summer 2021, winter 2021/22, and summer 2022 semesters, the academic performance (oral anatomy exam) of first semester students was assessed (0–15 points). Before the exam results were announced, students were asked to self-assess their performance.

Results
Exam scores (M = 10.64, SD = 2.95) and self-assessed scores (M = 10.38, SD = 2.54) were comparable. The absolute difference between them, as a measure of self-assessment ability ranged from − 9 to + 9 points (M = -0.26, SD = 2.59). Among participants (N = 426), 18.5% assessed themselves accurately, 35.5% overestimated, and 46.0% underestimated their performance. The correlation between actual score and self-assessment was ρ = -0.590 (p < 0.001), reflecting the Dunning-Kruger effect. When separated by gender, correlation for females was ρ = -0.591 (p < 0.001), and for males ρ = -0.580 (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Realistic self-assessment is a challenge for first-semester students. The data indicate that females tend to overestimate their performance while males underestimate theirs. A pronounced Dunning-Kruger effect is evident in both genders, with significant negative correlations between self-assessment and actual performance. There are several reasons for the occurrence of the Dunning-Kruger effect. Considering that the COVID-19 pandemic influenced learning environments, collaborative learning was significantly restricted. The lack of opportunities for comparison could potentially lead to unrealistic self-assessment.
Validity of the Johns Hopkins Adjusted Clinical Groups system on the utilisation of healthcare services in Norway: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Hosar Rannei , Berntsen Gro Rosvold , Steinsbekk Aslak 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACG) System is a validated electronic risk stratification system. However, there is a lack of studies on the association between different ACG risk scores and the utilisation of different healthcare services using different sources of input data. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the validity of the association between five different ACG risk scores and the utilisation of a range of different healthcare services using input data from either general practitioners (GPs) or hospitals.

Methods
Registry-based study of all adult inhabitants in four Norwegian municipalities that received somatic healthcare in one year (N = 168 285). The ACG risk scores resource utilisation band, unscaled ACG concurrent risk, unscaled concurrent risk, frailty flag and chronic condition count were calculated using age, sex and diagnosis codes from GPs and a hospital, respectively. Healthcare utilisation covered GP, municipal and hospital services. Areas under the receiver operating curve (AUC) were calculated and compared to the AUC of a model using only age and sex.

Results
Utilisation of all healthcare services increased with increasing scores in the “resource utilisation band” (RUB) and all other investigated ACG risk scores. The risk scores overall distinguished well between levels of utilisation of GP visits (AUC up to 0.84), hospitalisation (AUC up to 0.8) and specialist outpatient visits (AUC up to 0.72), but not out-of-hours GP visits (AUC up to 0.62). The score “unscaled ACG concurrent risk” overall performed best. Risk scores based on data from either GPs or hospitals performed better for the classification of healthcare services in their respective domains. The model based on age and sex performed better for distinguishing between levels of utilisation of municipal services (AUC 0.83–0.90 compared to 0.46–0.79).

Conclusions
Risk scores from the ACG system is valid for classifying GP visits, hospitalisation and specialist outpatient visits. It does not outperform simpler models in the classification of utilisation of municipal services such as nursing homes and home services and outpatient emergency care in primary healthcare. The ACG system can be applied in Norway using administrative data from either GPs or hospitals.
A scoping review on barriers and facilitators to harm reduction care among youth in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Beck Kassey , Pallot Katija , Amri Michelle 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Progressive harm reduction policies have been implemented in British Columbia, Canada. However, youth who use drugs face barriers to receiving harm reduction care, resulting in increasing opioid-related hospitalizations and drug toxicity deaths. This scoping review collates peer-reviewed evidence to understand the barriers and facilitators faced by youth who use drugs when accessing harm reduction programming in British Columbia, Canada.

Methods
This scoping review entailed conducting a systematic search of relevant databases to identify relevant articles. Articles were included if they: (i) contained youth falling between the ages of 12 and 26 years old; (ii) explored accessibility, barriers, and/or facilitators to harm reduction care or related topics; (iii) were empirical research articles using primary data (i.e., reviews, grey literature, theoretical or conceptual papers, books, etc. were excluded); and (iv) were available in the English language, given the geographic focus on British Columbia.

Results
A total of 398 sources were identified and ultimately, data from 13 sources were charted and extracted. When investigating barriers to harm reduction care among youth, four themes emerged: self-stigma, service navigation, service delivery, and negative provider interactions. Furthermore, in exploring factors that facilitate harm reduction care for youth, four themes surfaced: ability to meet basic needs, positive provider interactions, social networks, and risk mitigation guidance.

Conclusions
The expansion of harm reduction services in 2016 did not fully address accessibility challenges faced by youth who use drugs. Barriers continue to hinder harm reduction engagement, while supportive networks, positive provider interactions, and the ability to meet basic needs facilitated sustained access. Tailored policy interventions rooted in equity are crucial to improving access to harm reduction services for youth who use drugs.
Plant conservation in the age of genome editing: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Yin Kangquan , Chung Mi Yoon , Lan Bo , Du Fang K. , Chung Myong Gi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNumerous plant taxa are threatened by habitat destruction or overexploitation. To overcome these threats, new methods are urgently needed for rescuing threatened and endangered plant species. Here, we review the genetic consequences of threats to species populations. We highlight potential advantages of genome editing for mitigating negative effects caused by new pathogens and pests or climate change where other approaches have failed. We propose solutions to protect threatened plants using genome editing technology unless absolutely necessary. We further discuss the challenges associated with genome editing in plant conservation to mitigate the decline of plant diversity.