bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Post-Operative Muscular Strength Between Gamma Nailing and Hemiarthroplasty System in Femoral Intertrochanteric Fractures
Authors: Noda Mitsuaki , Saegusa Yasuhiro , Takahashi Masayasu , Noguchi Chisa , Yoshikawa Chihiro , Mikami Hiroshi , Gotouda Akira 
Published: April 2017

Background:The current study focuses on the comparison of postoperative muscular strength around the hip joint of patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures treated either by cephalo-medullary (CM) nailing or a new bipolar hip prosthesis (BHP), an especially attached device to secure displaced greater trochanteric fragment.Methods:Twenty patients treated with CM nailing were age- and sex- matched with a control group of 20 patients treated with BHP. Maximum isometric forces at the bilateral hip joint were measured during the follow up period. Means of 3 measurements were represented.Results:The mean and standard deviation values (kg) of muscle strength at the non-operative/ operative side in the CM nailing group were as follows: flexion strength 9.5±4.7/8.5±4.9 (P=0.06), extension strength 6.2±3.5/5.5±3.7 (P=0.08), abduction strength at 0 degrees 7.7±3.5/6.2±2.8 (p=0.002), abduction strength at 10 degrees 5.5±2.0/4.2±2.0 (p=0.001). In the BHP group, mean and standard deviation values of muscle strength at the non-operative/ operative side were as follows: flexion strength 6.5±2.8/6.0±3.4 (P=0.08), extension strength 4.4±0.9/4.4±0.6 (P=0.83), abduction strength at 0 degrees 5.1±1.9/5.0±1.6 (p=0.12), and that at 10 degrees 4.7±1.4/4.6±1.3 (p=0.10).Conclusion:Our results demonstrate that CM nailing may cause a 25-30% decrease in postoperative muscle strength around the hip joint, particularly during hip abduction. With the new BHP, greater trochanter reduction is achieved allowing early weight bearing and maintaining strength in abduction. Surgeons should consider postoperative muscular strength as one of the necessary factors for selection of the appropriate surgical procedure.Level of Evidence:Therapeutic Level III.
A Functional MRI-Based Model for Individual Memory Assessment in Patients Eligible for Anterior Temporal Lobe Resection
Authors: Strandberg Maria , Mannfolk Peter , Stenberg Lars , Ljung Hanna , Rorsman Ia , Larsson Elna-Marie , van Westen Danielle , Källén Kristina 
Published: April 2017

Title:A functional (f) MRI-based model for individual memory assessment in patients eligible for temporal lobe resection.Aim:To investigate if pre-operative fMRI memory paradigms, add predictive information with regard to post-surgical memory deficits.Methods:Fourteen pharmacoresistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) patients accepted for Anterior Temporal Lobe Resection (ATLR) were included. A clinical risk assessment score (RAS 0-3) was constructed from structural MRI, neuropsychological testing and hemisphere dominance. fMRI lateralization indices (LIs) over frontal language and medial temporal regions were calculated. Predictive value from clinical risk scoring and added value from fMRI LIs were correlated to post-surgical memory change scores (significant decline -1 SD). Verbal memory outcome was classified either as expected (RAS 2-3 and post-operative decline; RAS 0-1 and intact post-operative verbal memory) or as unexpected (RAS 2-3 and intact post-operative verbal memory post-surgery; RAS 0-1 and post-operative decline).Results:RAS for verbal memory decline exhibited a specificity of 67% and a sensitivity of 75%. Significant correlations were found between frontal language LIs and post-operative verbal memory (r = -0.802; p = 0.017) for left (L) TLE and between medial temporal lobe LIs and visuospatial memory (r = 0.829; p = 0.021), as well as verbal memory (r = 0.714; p = 0.055) for right (R) TLE. Ten patients had expected outcome and four patients had an unexpected outcome. In two MRI-negative RTLE patients that suffered significant verbal memory decline post-operatively, fMRI identified bilateral language and right lateralized medial temporal verbal encoding. In two LTLE patients with MRI pathology and verbal memory dysfunction, neither RAS nor fMRI identified the risk for aggravated verbal memory decline following ATLR.Conclusion:fMRI visualization of temporal-frontal network activation may add value to the pre-surgical work-up in epilepsy patients eligible for ATLR. Frontal language patterns are important for prediction in both L and RTLE. Strong left lateralized language in LTLE, as well as bilateral language combined with right lateralized encoding in RTLE, seems to indicate an increased risk for post-operative verbal memory decline.
PAN-Immobilized PVC-NPOE Membrane for Environmentally Friendly Sensing of Cd(II) Ions
Authors: Moersilah Moersilah , Siswanta Dwi , Roto Roto , Mudasir Mudasir 
Published: April 2017

A simple, cheap and environmentally friendly analytical method of Cd(II) in the aqueous system has been developed by immobilization of 1-(2-pyridilazo)-2-naphtol (PAN) in poly vinyl chloride (PVC) matrix and nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) as a plasticizer. Upon contact with Cd(II) in solution, the color of sensor membrane changes from dark yellow to dark red, which is due to the formation of Cd(II)–PAN complex. The best sensing results were obtained at pH 8.0 and λmax 558 nm. The dimension of the proposed sensor membrane was 0.8 cm x 2 cm with a thickness of 0.05 mm, the volume of sample was 2 mL with the Cd(II) concentration range of 0 – 1.2 ppm. The limit of detection of the method was found to be 0.432 + 0.104 ppm, which was reversible. The proposed methods have been applied in the determination of Cd(II) in water samples after addition of internal standard.
Older Patients’ Perspectives on Managing Complexity in CKD Self-Management
Authors: Bowling C. Barrett , Vandenberg Ann E. , Phillips Lawrence S. , McClellan William M. , Johnson Theodore M. , Echt Katharina V. 
Published: April 2017

Background and objectives
Patients with CKD are asked to perform self-management tasks including dietary changes, adhering to medications, avoiding nephrotoxic drugs, and self-monitoring hypertension and diabetes. Given the effect of aging on functional capacity, self-management may be especially challenging for older patients. However, little is known about the specific challenges older adults face maintaining CKD self-management regimens.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We conducted an exploratory qualitative study designed to understand the relationship among factors facilitating or impeding CKD self-management in older adults. Six focus groups (n=30) were held in August and September of 2014 with veterans≥70 years old with moderate-to-severe CKD receiving nephrology care at the Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Grounded theory with a constant comparative method was used to collect, code, and analyze data.

Results
Participants had a mean age (range) of 75.1 (70.1–90.7) years, 60% were black, and 96.7% were men. The central organizing concept that emerged from these data were managing complexity. Participants typically did not have just one chronic condition, CKD, but a number of commonly co-occurring conditions. Recommendations for CKD self-management therefore occurred within a complex regimen of recommendations for managing other diseases. Participants identified overtly discordant treatment recommendations across chronic conditions (e.g., arthritis and CKD). Prioritization emerged as one effective strategy for managing complexity (e.g., focusing on BP control). Some patients arrived at the conclusion that they could group concordant recommendations to simplify their regimens (e.g., protein restriction for both gout and CKD).

Conclusions
Among older veterans with moderate-to-severe CKD, multimorbidity presents a major challenge for CKD self-management. Because virtually all older adults with CKD have multimorbidity, an integrated treatment approach that supports self-management across commonly occurring conditions may be necessary to meet the needs of these patients.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2017_04_07_Bowling.mp3
EFFECT OF YOHIMBINE ON CLOMIPRAMINE-INDUCED SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION IN MALE RATS
Authors: Shekar Devangam Sheshadri 
Published: April 2017

Object: The present investigation has been carried out to find out the effect of yohimbine on clomipramine-induced sexual dysfunction in male rats.Methods: The male rats were treated with clomipramine and yohimbine simultaneously for 60 days. During the treatment, all the male rats werechallenged with the female rats which are in estrous phase and their sexual behavior was observed under dim red light. Half of the animals in each group and remaining on 60 day were sacrificed, blood was collected and serum separated. Testis was collected and preserved in 10% formalin forsubsequent histopathological examination. thResults: The study reveals that yohimbine failed to antagonize the clomipramine-induced sexual dysfunction in male rats in all aspects, except thepartial improvement in the sexual behavior.Conclusion: Yohimbine a well-known aphrodisiac failed to antagonize the clomipramine-induced sexual dysfunction in male rats. The decrease intestosterone levels, a decrease in spermatozoa count were continued even in the presence of yohimbine except improvement in the sexual behaviorparameters. Hence, yohimbine could not be a safe antidote against clomipramine-induced sexual dysfunction in male rats.Keywords: Yohimbine, Clomipramine, Testosterone, Male rat sexual competence, Testicular damage.
A STUDY OF DRUG UTILIZATION PATTERN OF THE GERIATRIC PATIENTS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF GERIATRIC MEDICINE IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN ASSAM, INDIA
Authors: Borah Lakhimi , Devi Diptimayee , Debnath Prasanjit Kumar , Deka Dibyajyoti 
Published: April 2017

Objective: To investigate the drug utilization pattern and the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) using updated AGS Beers criteria 2012 among the elderly patients who attended the geriatric outpatient departments as well as admitted indoor patients ina tertiary care Hospital at Guwahati, Assam, India.Method: A hospital based prospective, observational and cross sectional study, involving patients aged 65 years and above was planned and conducted over a period of 6 months from January 2016 to June 2016. Patients were visited daily, interviewed and case records were collected. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel Sheets.Results: A total of 150 patients aged 65 years and above were analyzed. 97 patients (65%) were males and 53 (35%) were females. Majority of the patients (61 numbers, 41%) belonged to the age group of 65-70 years, and least were in the age group of 86-90 years (13 numbers, 9%). Prescription of five or more medications (polypharmacy) was observed in 117 (78%) patients. Majority of the patients presented with diseases of cardiovascular system (25.7%). Using WHO drug use indicators, the average number of drugs per prescription was found to be 5.6. The percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was 86%. The percentage of encounters in which antibiotics were prescribed was 61%. Injection was prescribed was 65% cases and the percentage of drugs prescribed from the NLEM (National List of Essential Medicines of India) was 96%. 43 patients received PIMs from Beers list; majority were belonging to category 1. Spironolactone was most commonly prescribed PIM.Conclusion: Irrational prescribing practices and polypharmacy were detected in our study.Prescribers should be educated about rational use of drugs and Beers criteria for elderly. Keywords: Beers criteria, WHO prescribing indicators, Potentially inappropriate medications, Elderly patients, Polypharmacy
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PRE OPERATIVE DEEP BREATHING EXERCISE ON POST OPERATIVE PATIENTS OF ABDOMINAL SURGERY
Authors: Kale Pratiksha Milind , Mohite Vaishali R , Chendake Mahesh Bhupal , Gholap Manisha C 
Published: April 2017

Introduction : Pulmonary complications have a significant impact on morbidity and mortality after major abdominal surgery. One of the major causes of pulmonary dysfunction after such surgery is restricted breathing due to pain and diaphragmatic dysfunction.Methodology : this study investigated the effects of pre operative breathing exercises training on the vital capacity and peak expiratory flow rate of upper abdominal surgery patients. The patient were divided into 2 groups, control and experimental. Patient in experimental group were given three supervised session of diaphragmatic deep breathing exercise daily. Spirometric and peak flow meter values of vital capacity and peak expiratory flow rate were obtained one day before and 1st , 3rd , 5th, and 7th day after surgery.Result and conclusion : The data obtained were analyzed in terms of descriptive(frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics by using soft ware SPSS – 16.1 version. The analysis showed a significant difference in the pre and post training vital capacity and peak expiratory flow rate for experimental group compared to control group. So, diaphragmatic deep breathing exercise improves the pulmonary functions after the abdominal surgery.
EVALUATION OF EX VIVO ANTICATARACT ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS LEAVES ON DEXAMETHASONE-INDUCED CATARACT BY USING ISOLATED GOAT LENS
Authors: Bandaru Nagaraju , A Ramu , P Vijetha , S Vidhyadhara , P Nandini , S Abhilash Reddy 
Published: April 2017

Objective: To investigate the ex vivo anticataract activity of ethanolic extract of Alstonia scholaris (EEAS) leaves on dexamethasone-induced cataract using isolated goat lens.Methods: Anticataract activity is done using isolated goat lens. Goat lens was divided into four groups. Group I: Lens was incubated in artificial aqueous humor (normal control). Group II: Lens was incubated with dexamethasone 10 mg (toxic control). Group III and IV: Lens was incubated with dexamethasone and EEAS (50 µg and 100 µg) and subjected to photographic evaluation for opacity; lens was homogenized using Tris-phosphate buffer, and sodium, potassium, total protein, and catalase concentrations were determined.Results: The grades of opacity were 0, 3, 1, and 1 in group I, II, III, and IV, respectively. The present study showed higher total proteins (p<0.05 at all concentration) and K+ ions (p<0.05 at all concentration), whereas lower concentrations of Na+ ions (p<0.05 at all concentration) with EEAS-treated groups. The level of catalase was found to be less in experimentally induced cataract lenses as compared to normal control group. The lenses treated with EEAS showed a significant rise in enzyme level suggesting maintenance of antioxidant enzyme integrity.Conclusion: The present investigation suggests that EEAS leaves effectively prevent the cataractogenic condition. Thus, the goat lens model and dexamethasone-induced cataract model could be used for testing of various anticataract agents.Keywords: Cataract, Artificial aqueous humor, Lens, Dexamethasone, Alstonia scholaris.
RESOLVING THE ENIGMA OF EFFECT OF MOBILE PHONE USAGE ON SPERMATOGENESIS IN HUMANS IN SOUTH INDIAN POPULATION
Authors: Malini Suttur S 
Published: April 2017

Objective: This study was aimed at to evaluate the possible risk of radiofrequency and electromagnetic waves of mobile phones on spermatogenic impairment and functional capacity of the spermatozoa along with oxidative stress, DNA damages, and hormone profile among mobile phone users.Methods: Mobile phone users were classified into three groups are 1-5, 6-10, and above 10 hrs/day, respectively, based on the exposure to electromagnetic radiation. Blood and semen samples are collected with informed consent letter. The semen samples used to carry out to the physical examination such as volume, liquefaction time, color, odor, pH, and viscosity, and functional status of the spermatozoa was carried out such as nuclear chromatin decondensation test, hypo-osmotic swelling test, and acrosomal intactness test. Seminal plasma was used for to evaluate the oxidative stress markers superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Blood serum was used to estimate the level of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone. DNA collected from blood used for DNA ladder assay.Results: In the present investigation, both physical and microscopic examinations were negatively correlated with mobile phone usage. No variation exists in functional status of spermatozoa. Oxidative stress markers such as the presence of ROS, enzymatic scavengers such as SOD and TAC showed no statistical variations between control group and mobile phone users and even no variations in hormone profile such as testosterone, FSH, and LH of users of mobile phone compared to normal reference values. Conclusion: In conclusion, though the literature has suggested that mobile phone use alters semen parameters, functional status of spermatozoa, increased oxidative stress, with subsequent sperm DNA damage in humans. The present study deviates from previous study stating nil impact of mobile phones on spermatogenetic impairment in humans.Keywords: Association of mobile phone usage, Male infertility.
OPTIMIZATION STUDY ON EXTRACTION & PURIFICATION OF PHYCOERYTHRIN FROM RED ALGAE KAPPAPHYCUS ALVAREZII
Authors: Sigamani Santhosh , Vm Sharmila Banu , V Hemalatha , V Venkatakrishnan , R Dhandapani 
Published: April 2017

Objective: The current study focuses on R-Phycoerythrin pigment production from Seaweed using different chemical and physical conditions. Methods: In the present study Seaweed was collected from Rameshwaram and identified by CS-MCRI Institute, Mandapam. The collected seaweed was then washed using distilled water for further processing. Using a sterile knife the seaweed was cut into small pieces. The chopped seaweeds were then weighed and subjected to different optimization procedures for pigment production. These equally weighed seaweeds were treated with three varying Buffers at different pH, the buffer showing better O.D value was subjected to different Cell disruption techniques and finally freeze thawed at different temperature stress.Results: The seaweeds were subjected to different chemical and physical stress conditions for R-phycoerythrin production. On optimizing the different buffer solutions for pigment production Sodium phosphate buffer showed maximum O.D of 0.215 when compared to other buffers whereas on providing different pH conditions the O.D value obtained was high at pH 7.2. Different cell disruption techniques were followed for pigment production using the sodium phosphate buffer at pH 7.2 and freeze thaw method was found suitable for the highest pigment production with O.D value of 0.441. Hence after optimization of different extraction procedures, cell disruption followed by freeze & thaw method (−20°C and 25°C) showed maximum R-phycoerythrin content. Conclusion: From the findings, it was also observed that the primary metabolites produced by these organisms may serve as potential bioactive compounds of interest in the Food industries as natural colourant and in cosmetic industries.Keywords: Seaweeds, Extraction, Phycoerythrin, Optimization, Cell disruption, Sonication.
DRUG UTILIZATION PATTERN IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS ATTENDING OUT PATIENT DEPARTMENT AT RURAL TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN MAHARASHTRA.
Authors: Nishandar Tushar B , Kale Anand S , Pise Harshal N 
Published: April 2017

Objective: To observe a prescription pattern in elderly patients attending outpatient department (OPD) and evaluating prescriptions according to theWorld Health Organization (WHO) prescription indicators.Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted from July to September 2015. Patients of either gender, age 60 years or more, attending OPD in tertiary care hospital were included in the study. Prescriptions of medical practitioners were collected and evaluated for demographic data and the WHO drug prescribing indicators.Results: A total of 600 patients were enrolled in the study. The majority of the patients were in the age group 60-69 years (66.33%) with male preponderance (61%). The average number of drugs per prescription was 3.41. Out of 2045 drugs prescribed, 1261 drugs (61.66%) were prescribed by their generic name and 784 drugs (38.33%) were prescribed by their brand name. 1700 drugs (83.12%) prescribed were from the WHOs essential medicines list 2015. Total encounters involving injectable usage were 0.15%. Drugs acting on the cardiovascular system (21.12%) were the most frequently prescribed, followed by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (20%). Ranitidine (16.62%) is the most frequently prescribed drug. Conclusions: In this study, drug prescription pattern was rational as per the WHO drug prescribing indicators. However, issues such as polypharmacy and inaccuracies of dose and duration were seen.Keywords: Drug utilization study, Geriatric, Outpatient department, Rational use of medicines.
PARENTERAL NUTRITION IN NEONATUS AND COMPATIBILITY ISSUES: A REVIEW ARTICLE
Authors: S Yelly Oktavia , Arifin Helmi , Yosmar Rahmi 
Published: April 2017

Intravenous drug administration in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit is critical because of poor venous access, polymedication, fluid restriction, and lowinfusion rate. Since parenteral nutrition (PN) is infused intravenously, it is often considered as a vehicle for medication administration. Medicationsmay be added to PN formulations in an effort to decrease fluid requirements, reduce the need for Y-site injections, reduce the possibility of line contamination due to manipulation, and decrease labor time required for drug administration. Risk is further increased by inadequate information on the physicochemical compatibility of drugs.Keywords: Parenteral nutrition, Neonatus, Compatibility.
ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF CAMELLIA SINENSIS MEDIATED COPPER NANOPARTICLES AGAINST HT-29, MCF-7 AND MOLT-4 HUMAN CANCER CELL LINES
Authors: Mendhulkar Vijay D. , Yadav Anu 
Published: April 2017

Objective: With the advancement in nanotechnology, it is imperative to unearth its applications in medicine. Present investigation deals with the copper nanoparticles biosynthesizing capability of the leaves of medicinally important plant, Camellia sinensis.Methods: The phytosynthesized CuNPs were characterized by EDX, NTA, XRD, SEM, TEM and FTIR analysis. In the current study, we have made attempts to exploit the anticancer ability of the copper nanoparticles against HT-29 colon cancer, MCF 7 breast cancer and MOLT-4 leukemia cancer cell lines via SRB assay. We also carried out the synergistic activity with standard drug Adriamycin (ADR).Results: The synthesis of CuNPs was confirmed using EDX analysis where the presence of a strong optical absorption peak was observed at 1 keV, which is typical for the absorption of metallic copper nanoparticles. According to the results obtained, CuNPs showed good antiproliferative results in a dose dependant manner on HT-29 and MCF-7 cell lines, with 80 µg/ml concentration giving the best result. The synergistic effect of CuNPs+ADR was even better than that of CuNPs alone on all the cell lines. The synergism drug combinations showed highly responsive results on the leukemia cell line compared to individual drugs.Conclusion: Among all the treatments and cell lines studied, the most favorable and responsive antiproliferative impact was recorded for CuNPs+ADR combination treatment at 40µg/ml concentration on MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.Keywords: CuNPs, Camellia sinensis, Anticancer, Sulforhodamine B assay, HT-29, MCF-7, MOLT-4.