bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of comorbidities on the management and prognosis of oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer patients in Taiwan
Authors: Chiang Wei-Fan , Yang Yi-Hsin 
Published: September 2017

Background: Comorbidity is often associated with negative outcome of prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and impact of comorbidities in a retrospective nationwide population-based study of patients with oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers in Taiwan. Materials and Methods: A total of 4733 oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer patients diagnosed in the period 2007–2010 were identified through the Taiwan Cancer Registry (TCR) database. By linking this data set to the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) and the Death Registry (DR), information on comorbidity and cause of death was obtained and adapted to the Charlson’s comorbidity index (CCI). The influence of comorbidity on overall survival and cancer-related death was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier estimates and Cox regressions. Results: There were 23.5% of patients with comorbidities during the year before cancer diagnosis. Patients with comorbidities are associated with lower survival rates for stage 3 and for oropharynx. Although there was a tendency that patients with comorbidities received less curative treatment within the same cancer stage, the statistical significance was not reached. The data suggest having a co-morbidity condition had a significant effect on all-cause death (age and gender adjusted hazard ratios = 0.68-0.40) but no significance in cancer-related deaths. Conclusion: The cancer management was not significantly different between patients’ comorbidity conditions. However, the larger differences between all-cause and cancer-specific survival rates in certain treatment groups emphasize the importance of managing other medical conditions in cancer patients.
‘Doc, can I fly to Australia?’ A case report and review of delirium following long-haul flight
Authors: McCabe Thomas 
Published: September 2017

SummaryAir travel is now a common feature of most of our elderly population's lives. There is little by way of warnings, rules or recommendations for our patients with psychiatric diagnoses, in particular dementia, who intend to travel by plane, in contrast to other specialties. In this article I highlight an adverse outcome of long-haul air travel as a result of delirium and resulting accelerated decline in overall cognitive function. I review literature related to the topic and suggest ways to minimise precipitating factors for stressors prior to and during flights. This article suggests that more thought should be given to the title question.
Capacityin vacuo: An audit of decision-making capacity assessments in a liaison psychiatry service
Authors: Spencer Benjamin W. J. , Wilson Gareth , Okon-Rocha Ewa , Owen Gareth S. , Jones Charlotte Wilson 
Published: September 2017

Aims and methodWe aimed to audit the documentation of decision-making capacity (DMC) assessments by our liaison psychiatry service against the legal criteria set out in the Mental Capacity Act 2005. We audited 3 months split over a 2-year period occurring before, during and after an educational intervention to staff.ResultsThere were 21 assessments of DMC in month 1 (6.9% of all referrals), 27 (9.7%) in month 16, and 24 (6.6%) in month 21. Only during the intervention (month 16) did any meet our gold-standard (n= 2). Severity of consequences of the decision (odds ratio (OR) 24.4) and not agreeing to the intervention (OR = 21.8) were highly likely to result in lacking DMC.Clinical implicationsOur audit demonstrated that DMC assessments were infrequent and poorly documented, with no effect of our legally focused educational intervention demonstrated. Our findings of factors associated with the outcome of the assessment of DMC confirm the anecdotal beliefs in this area. Clinicians and service leads need to carefully consider how to make the legal model of DMC more meaningful to clinicians when striving to improve documentation of DMC assessments.
Preexisting Cardiovascular Risk and Subsequent Heart Failure Among Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Survivors
Authors: Salz Talya , Zabor Emily C. , de Nully Brown Peter , Dalton Susanne Oksberg , Raghunathan Nirupa J. , Matasar Matthew J. , Steingart Richard , Vickers Andrew J. , Svenssen Munksgaard Peter , Oeffinger Kevin C. , Johansen Christoffer 
Published: September 2017

Purpose The use of anthracycline chemotherapy is associated with heart failure (HF) among survivors of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). We aimed to understand the contribution of preexisting cardiovascular risk factors to HF risk among NHL survivors. Methods Using Danish registries, we identified adults diagnosed with aggressive NHL from 2000 to 2010 and sex- and age-matched general-population controls. We assessed HF from 9 months after diagnosis through 2012. We used Cox regression analysis to assess differences in risk for HF between survivors and general population controls. Among survivors only, preexisting cardiovascular factors (hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes) and preexisting cardiovascular disease were ascertained. We used multivariable Cox regression to model the association of preexisting cardiovascular conditions on subsequent HF. Results Among 2,508 survivors of NHL and 7,399 controls, there was a 42% increased risk of HF among survivors compared with general population controls (hazard ratio [HR], 1.42; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.88). Among survivors (median age at diagnosis, 62 years; 56% male), 115 were diagnosed with HF during follow-up (median years of follow-up, 2.5). Before NHL diagnosis, 39% had ≥ 1 cardiovascular risk factor; 92% of survivors were treated with anthracycline-containing regimens. In multivariable analysis, intrinsic heart disease diagnosed before lymphoma was associated with increased risk of HF (HR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.15 to 6.36), whereas preexisting vascular disease had no association with HF ( P > .05). Survivors with cardiovascular risk factors had an increased risk of HF compared with those with none (for 1 v 0 cardiovascular risk factors: HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.47; for ≥ 2 v 0 cardiovascular risk factors: HR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.56 to 5.23; joint P < .01). Conclusion In a large, population-based cohort of NHL survivors, preexisting cardiovascular conditions were associated with increased risk of HF. Preventive approaches should take baseline cardiovascular health into account.
Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Trial of Selenium in Graves Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Kahaly George J , Riedl Michaela , König Jochem , Diana Tanja , Schomburg Lutz 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Context
Supplemental selenium (Se) may affect the clinical course of Graves disease (GD).

Objective
Evaluate efficacy of add-on Se on medical treatment in GD.

Design
Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized supplementation trial.

Setting
Academic endocrine outpatient clinic.

Patients
Seventy untreated hyperthyroid patients with GD.

Intervention
Additionally to methimazole (MMI), patients received for 24 weeks either sodium selenite 300 µg/d po or placebo. MMI was discontinued at 24 weeks in euthyroid patients.

Main Outcome Measures
Response rate (week 24), recurrence rate (week 36), and safety.

Results
A response was registered in 25 of 31 patients (80%) and in 27 of 33 (82%) at week 24 [odds ratio (OR) 0.93; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.26 to 3.25; P = 0.904] in the Se (+MMI) and placebo (+MMI) groups, respectively. During a 12-week follow-up, 11 of 23 (48%) and 12 of 27 (44%) relapsed (OR 1.13; 95% CI, 0.29 to 2.66; P = 0.81) in the Se and placebo groups, respectively. Serum concentrations of Se and selenoprotein P were unrelated to response or recurrence rates. At week 36, 12 of 29 (41%) and 15 of 33 (45%) were responders and still in remission in the Se and placebo groups, respectively (OR 0.85; 95% CI, 0.31 to 2.32; P = 0.80). Serum levels of free triiodothyronine/free tetraiodothyronine, thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody, prevalence of moderate to severe Graves orbitopathy, thyroid volume, and MMI starting dose were significantly lower in responders than in nonresponders. A total of 56 and 63 adverse events occurred in the Se and placebo groups, respectively (P = 0.164), whereas only one drug-related side effect (2.9%) was noted in 35 patients on placebo + MMI.

Conclusions
Supplemental Se did not affect response or recurrence rates in GD.
A re-assessment of gene-tag classification approaches for describing var gene expression patterns during human Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite infections
Authors: Githinji George , Bull Peter C. 
Published: September 2017

PfEMP1 are variant parasite antigens that are inserted on the surface of Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes (IE). Through interactions with various host molecules, PfEMP1 mediate IE sequestration in tissues and play a key role in the pathology of severe malaria. PfEMP1 is encoded by a diverse multi-gene family called var. Previous studies have shown that that expression of specific subsets of var genes are associated with low levels of host immunity and severe malaria. However, in most clinical studies to date, full-length var gene sequences were unavailable and various approaches have been used to make comparisons between var gene expression profiles in different parasite isolates using limited information. Several studies have relied on the classification of a 300 – 500 base-pair “DBLα tag” region in the DBLα domain located at the 5’ end of most var genes. We assessed the relationship between various DBLα tag classification methods, and sequence features that are only fully assessable through full-length var gene sequences. We compared these different sequence features in full-length var gene from six fully sequenced laboratory isolates. These comparisons show that despite a long history of recombination, DBLα sequence tag classification can provide functional information on important features of full-length var genes. Notably, a specific subset of DBLα tags previously defined as “group A-like” is associated with CIDRα1 domains proposed to bind to endothelial protein C receptor. This analysis helps to bring together different sources of data that have been used to assess var gene expression in clinical parasite isolates.
A NonCooperative Approach to Cost Allocation in Joint Replenishment
Authors: He Simai , Sethuraman Jay , Wang Xuan , Zhang Jiawei 
Published: September 2017

We consider the infinite-horizon multiple retailer joint replenishment problem with first-order interaction. In this model, the joint setup cost incurred by a group of retailers placing an order simultaneously consists of a group-independent major setup cost and retailer-specific minor setup costs. The goal is to determine an inventory replenishment policy that minimizes the long-run average system-wide cost. In this paper, we adopt a noncooperative approach to study the joint replenishment game. We consider the allocation rule in which the major setup cost is split equally among the retailers who place an order together, and each retailer pays his own holding and minor setup costs. Given the preannounced allocation rule, each retailer determines his replenishment policy to minimize his own cost anticipating the other retailers’ strategy. We show that a payoff dominant Nash equilibrium exists, and quantify the efficiency loss of the noncooperative outcome relative to the social optimum. Although the worst-case ratio between the best decentralized outcome and the social optimum is O((ln n)1/2), where n is the number of retailers, numerical results suggest that the best equilibrium is near optimal. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2017.1645 .
Graphentechnologien in den Digitalen Geisteswissenschaften
Authors: Kuczera Andreas 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Vernetzung ist ein vielgenutzer Begriff und wird meist in einem positiven Kontext verwendet. Oft sind heute die Vernetzung von Daten und Wissen zentrale Bestandteile der Entwicklung von Lösungsansätzen aktueller (Forschungs-)Fragestellungen. Für den Bereich der digitalen Geisteswissenschaften zeigt sich diese Entwicklung vor allem im zunehmenden Einsatz von Graphentechnologien in den verschiedensten Projekten. In diesem Beitrag werden exemplarisch sechs Anwendungsfälle vorgestellt und abschließend ein kurzer Ausblick auf Vorteile und Herausforderungen bei der Nutzung von Graphentechnologien im Bereich der digitalen Geisteswissenschaften und der Infrastrukturprovider gegeben.
Gemeinsam die Zukunft gestalten: Das Projekt Swiss Library Service Platform (SLSP)
Authors: Capatt Iris , Neubauer Wolfram 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Vor etwa drei Jahrzehnten wurde der erste Bibliotheksverbund der Schweiz gegründet. Seither hat sich im Bereich der wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken eine stark diversifizierte Verbundlandschaft entwickelt, deren Sinn und deren Zukunftsfähigkeit seit einigen Jahren intensiv diskutiert wird. Mit dem im Jahr 2015 initiierten nationalen Bibliotheksprojekt Swiss Library Service Platform (SLSP) haben sich Bibliotheken und Hochschuleinrichtungen des ganzen Landes erstmals gemeinsam zum Ziel gesetzt, der wissenschaftlichen Community ein breites Spektrum an Dienstleistungen zu vermitteln, zu unterstützen und selbst anzubieten. Der vorliegende Beitrag blickt zunächst auf die Ausgangslage des Projekts zurück, beschreibt dann die Randbedingungen und die erreichten Ziele der ersten beiden Projektphasen und gibt anschließend einen Ausblick auf die Realisierung, die für die Jahre 2018–2020 vorgesehen ist.
Efficacy of inhaled nitric oxide in neonates with hypoxic respiratory failure and pulmonary hypertension: the Japanese experience
Authors: Suzuki Satoshi , Togari Hajime , Potenziano Jim L. , Schreiber Michael D. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjective:To analyze data from a registry of Japanese neonates with hypoxic respiratory failure associated with pulmonary hypertension (PH) to compare the effectiveness of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in neonates born <34 weeks vs. ≥34 weeks gestational age (GA).Materials and methods:iNO was administered according to approved Japanese product labeling. Study data were collected before iNO administration and at predefined intervals until discontinuation.Results:A total of 1,114 neonates were included (n=431, <34 weeks GA; n=675, ≥34 weeks GA; n=8, missing age data). Mean decrease from baseline oxygenation index (OI) was similar in both age groups. OI reduction was more pronounced in the <34 weeks subgroups with baseline OI ≥25. Survival rates were similar in the <34 weeks GA and ≥34 weeks GA groups stratified by baseline OI (OI<15, 89% vs. 93%; 15≤OI<25, 85% vs. 91%; 25≤OI≤40, 73% vs. 79%; OI>40, 64% vs. 66%).Conclusion:iNO improved oxygenation in preterm neonates as effectively as in late preterm and term neonates, without negative impact on survival. If clinically significant PH is present, as measured by pulse oximetry or echocardiography, a therapeutic trial of iNO might be indicated for preterm neonates.
Reward-Related Ventral Striatum Activity Buffers against the Experience of Depressive Symptoms Associated with Sleep Disturbances
Authors: Avinun Reut , Nevo Adam , Knodt Annchen R. , Elliott Maxwell L. , Radtke Spenser R. , Brigidi Bartholomew D. , Hariri Ahmad R. 
Published: September 2017

Sleep disturbances represent one risk factor for depression. Reward-related brain function, particularly the activity of the ventral striatum (VS), has been identified as a potential buffer against stress-related depression. We were therefore interested in testing whether reward-related VS activity would moderate the effect of sleep disturbances on depression in a large cohort of young adults. Data were available from 1129 university students (mean age 19.71 ± 1.25 years; 637 women) who completed a reward-related functional MRI task to assay VS activity and provided self-reports of sleep using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and symptoms of depression using a summation of the General Distress/Depression and Anhedonic Depression subscales of the Mood and Anxiety Symptoms Questionnaire-short form. Analyses revealed that as VS activity increased the association between sleep disturbances and depressive symptoms decreased. The interaction between sleep disturbances and VS activity was robust to the inclusion of sex, age, race/ethnicity, past or present clinical disorder, early and recent life stress, and anxiety symptoms, as well as the interactions between VS activity and early or recent life stress as covariates. We provide initial evidence that high reward-related VS activity may buffer against depressive symptoms associated with poor sleep. Our analyses help advance an emerging literature supporting the importance of individual differences in reward-related brain function as a potential biomarker of relative risk for depression.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSleep disturbances are a common risk factor for depression. An emerging literature suggests that reward-related activity of the ventral striatum (VS), a brain region critical for motivation and goal-directed behavior, may buffer against the effect of negative experiences on the development of depression. Using data from a large sample of 1129 university students we demonstrate that as reward-related VS activity increases, the link between sleep disturbances and depression decreases. This finding contributes to accumulating research demonstrating that reward-related brain function may be a useful biomarker of relative risk for depression in the context of negative experiences.
Primary Generators of Visually Evoked Field Potentials Recorded in the Macaque Auditory Cortex
Authors: Kajikawa Yoshinao , Smiley John F. , Schroeder Charles E. 
Published: September 2017

Prior studies have reported “local” field potential (LFP) responses to faces in the macaque auditory cortex and have suggested that such face-LFPs may be substrates of audiovisual integration. However, although field potentials (FPs) may reflect the synaptic currents of neurons near the recording electrode, due to the use of a distant reference electrode, they often reflect those of synaptic activity occurring in distant sites as well. Thus, FP recordings within a given brain region (e.g., auditory cortex) may be “contaminated” by activity generated elsewhere in the brain. To determine whether face responses are indeed generated within macaque auditory cortex, we recorded FPs and concomitant multiunit activity with linear array multielectrodes across auditory cortex in three macaques (one female), and applied current source density (CSD) analysis to the laminar FP profile. CSD analysis revealed no appreciable local generator contribution to the visual FP in auditory cortex, although we did note an increase in the amplitude of visual FP with cortical depth, suggesting that their generators are located below auditory cortex. In the underlying inferotemporal cortex, we found polarity inversions of the main visual FP components accompanied by robust CSD responses and large-amplitude multiunit activity. These results indicate that face-evoked FP responses in auditory cortex are not generated locally but are volume-conducted from other face-responsive regions. In broader terms, our results underscore the caution that, unless far-field contamination is removed, LFPs in general may reflect such “far-field” activity, in addition to, or in absence of, local synaptic responses.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTField potentials (FPs) can index neuronal population activity that is not evident in action potentials. However, due to volume conduction, FPs may reflect activity in distant neurons superimposed upon that of neurons close to the recording electrode. This is problematic as the default assumption is that FPs originate from local activity, and thus are termed “local” (LFP). We examine this general problem in the context of previously reported face-evoked FPs in macaque auditory cortex. Our findings suggest that face-FPs are indeed generated in the underlying inferotemporal cortex and volume-conducted to the auditory cortex. The note of caution raised by these findings is of particular importance for studies that seek to assign FP/LFP recordings to specific cortical layers.
Investigating the Political Base of Indonesian Middle Class: A Comparative Study
Authors: Jati Wasisto Raharjo 
Published: September 2017

This article aims at analyzing the political base in the case of Indonesian middle class. It is essential to note that many multi-interpretation understandings to define terminology of Indonesian middle class. The definition of Indonesian middle class still undermines as “middle group” which is related to new rich people. Based on comparative analyzes, the emergence of Indonesia middle class have been separated with western middle class. In western case, middle class has possessed stable economic and politics material sources independently toward the state. The situation is what transforms the middle class as presser to the states and interest group. It can be said that both processes of the deepening of democratization and economic strength have been encouraged by middle class. In the Indonesian experience, it has been shown that Indonesian middle class keep up mutual relationship to the state. In other words, Indonesian middle class have entered elite power structure. However, in the current time, Indonesian middle class in post-reformation era shows the emergence of political awareness to guard democracy justly. This article will elaborate deeply political basis of Indonesian middle class.
Editorial
Authors: Leite José Yvan Pereira 
Published: September 2017

A educação, a ciência e a tecnologia brasileira sofre graves cortes em seus orçamentos, bem como desloca os esforços da comunidade acadêmica à luta pela manutenção dos investimentos no presente e no futuro da grande nação brasileira.O novo número da HOLOS reforça os esforços deste periódico para a comunicação, cooperação e difusão científica com caráter internacional. Este é refletido nos artigos advindos dos vários estados brasileiros, bem como de Cuba, Espanha, Irã, México, Portugal, Polônia. A diversidade reflete a importância das publicações de acesso aberto e confirma que esta modalidade influencia em seu protagonismo.Para reafirmar este quadro de evolução são apresentados abaixo dados comparativos de acessos dos períodos de 1o de janeiro a 17 de setembro dos anos de 2016 e 2017 obtidos no Google Analytics. Quadro 1 – Dados de acesso à HOLOS. 01/01/2016 a 17/09/2016(n)01/01/2017 a 17/09/2017(n)Evolução(%)Número de Usuários72.80790.264+24Visualizações370.511433.583+17Duração Média (min)2,982,68- 10Fonte – Google Analytics.Os dados refletem os acessos diretos do site do periódico e demonstram um crescimento do números de acessos e de visualizações. A duração média do acesso apresenta uma redução da ordem de 6%.Como estratégia para reduzir o tempo de publicação, o periódico passa a definir a ordem de aparição dos artigos no sumário de acordo com a avaliação, assim este procedimento deve dar maior celeridade ao processo de publicação.Em um mundo globalizado e do conhecimento, os instrumentos protagonizados pela lei que criou as Escolas de Aprendizes e Artífices, se alteram do plano manual para a automação, do impresso ao virtual. No entanto, se mantém o compromisso com a utopia da formação da classe trabalhadora. Esta deve estar à altura daqueles que façam a nação vislumbrar perenidade nas políticas de desenvolvimento social!Enfim, convido-os a acessarem o sumário e, quando possível, difundir entre vossas redes sociais.Natal, 18 de setembro de 2017. José Yvan Pereira Leite