bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of IRE1 ribonuclease‐mediated mRNA decay in plants using transient expression analyses in rice protoplasts
Authors: Hayashi Shimpei , Wakasa Yuhya , Ozawa Kenjirou , Takaiwa Fumio 
Published: February 2016

Summary

In some eukaryotes, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induces regulated inositol‐requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1)‐dependent decay (RIDD) of mRNAs. Recently, the expression levels of the mRNAs encoding some secretory proteins were reported to be downregulated by RIDD in the vegetative tissues of plants. However, the characteristics of plant RIDD have been insufficiently investigated due to difficulty of in planta analyses.

Here, the RIDD susceptibilities of various mRNAs that are difficult to analyze in planta were examined using transient expression analyses of rice protoplasts.

In this system, the mRNAs encoding three rice seed storage proteins (SSPs) – namely α‐globulin, 16‐kDa prolamin and 10‐kDa prolamin – were downregulated in response to ER stress. The rapid ER stress‐induced degradation of these mRNAs was repressed in cells in which the ribonuclease activity of IRE1 was specifically abolished by genome editing, suggesting that the mRNAs encoding certain SSPs are strong targets of RIDD. Furthermore, we investigated whether these RIDD targets are substrates of the IRE1 ribonuclease using a recombinant IRE1 protein, and identified candidate IRE1‐mediated cleavage sites.

Overall, the results demonstrate the existence of a post‐transcriptional mechanism of regulation of SSPs, and illustrate the basic and multifaceted characteristics of RIDD in higher plants.
Cisgenesis and genome editing: combining concepts and efforts for a smarter use of genetic resources in crop breeding
Authors: Cardi Teodoro 
Published: February 2016

AbstractPlant genetic resources (PGR) represent valuable sources of genetic variability for crop breeding. The development of novel biotechnologies is necessary for increasing the efficiency of their use in pre‐breeding and breeding work. The genome sequencing of hundreds of genotypes and the mining of allele diversity in major crops and populations of landraces and wild relatives allow the isolation of genes underlying characters of interest and their precise modification or transfer into targeted varieties. The technological developments and applications of new plant breeding techniques (NPBT) that maximize the similarity with gene transfer by crossing (cisgenesis/intragenesis) or the accuracy of biotechnological approaches (genome editing) are reviewed. Their potentialities and current limitations as well as the possible advantages of using them separately or combined for the exploitation of PGR in crop breeding are also discussed. Above‐mentioned NPBT tackle some objections to the application of biotechnologies in agriculture and are under review worldwide to assess the possible exclusion from the current regulation systems for genetically modified plants.
Application of Deuteporfin in the Metastatic Lymph Node Mapping of Pancreatic Cancer: An in vivo Study
Authors: Yu Xinzhe , Yao Lie , Di Yang , He Hang , Li Xiaoxia , Zhang Chun , Fu Deliang , Jin Chen , Li Ji 
Published: February 2016

AbstractFor most cancer patients, the presence of metastatic lymph nodes usually indicates regional recurrence and poor prognosis. Therefore, lymph node mapping is a requisite for disease staging, prognosis prediction and decision making in the treatment of cancer. Deuteporfin, a second‐generation photosensitizer, has a maximum excitation wavelength that can reach the near infrared (NIR) region (650–700 nm). We aimed to take advantage of these aspects of deuteporfin and use it as a fluorescent probe for metastatic lymph node mapping in vivo using NIR fluorescent imaging. In our study, we further investigated whether a photosensitizer could be used as a tracer for metastatic lymph node mapping of pancreatic cancer based on previous reports. Compared to normal tissues, tumor tissues including primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes had a higher uptake ability of deuteporfin (P < 0.05). Our research confirmed this targeting property of deuteporfin using in vivo fluorescent imaging. Consistent with observations from in vivo imaging experiments, frozen sections of metastatic lymph nodes intuitively displayed significantly higher and wider distributions of deuteporfin than normal sections.
Local zeta regularization and the scalar Casimir effect IV: The case of a rectangular box
Authors: Fermi Davide , Pizzocchero Livio 
Published: February 2016

Applying the general framework for local zeta regularization proposed in Part I of this series of papers, we compute the renormalized vacuum expectation value of several observables (in particular, of the stress–energy tensor) for a massless scalar field confined within a rectangular box of arbitrary dimension.
A facile synthesis of poly(aniline-co-o-bromoaniline) copolymer: Characterization and application as semiconducting material
Authors: Mahudeswaran A. , Vivekanandan J. , Vijayanand P. S. , Kojima T. , Kato S. 
Published: February 2016

Poly(aniline-co-o-bromoaniline) (p(an-co-o-BrAn)) copolymer has been synthesized using chemical oxidation method in the hydrochloric acid medium. Copolymerization of aniline with o-bromoaniline of different compositions, such as 1:1, 1:2, 2:1, 1:3 and 3:1 molar ratios were prepared. The synthesized copolymer is soluble in polar solvents like dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), dimethyl formamide (DMF), Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 1-methyl 2-pyrrolidone (NMP). The copolymer is analyzed by various characterization techniques, such as FTIR, UV–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), conductivity, Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR spectrum confirms the characteristic peaks of the copolymer containing benzenoid and quinoid ring stretching. UV spectrum reveals the formation of [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] transition and [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] transition between the energy levels. XRD peaks reveal that the copolymer possesses amorphous nature. Morphological study reveals that the agglomerated particles form globular structure and size of the each particle is about 100 nm. The electrical conductivity of the copolymers is found in the range of [Formula: see text]. These organic semiconductor materials can be used to fabricate thinner and cheaper environmental friendly optoelectronic devices that will replace the conventional inorganic semiconductors.
Fast phase transition of water molecules in a defective carbon nanotube under an electric field
Authors: Meng Xianwen , Huang Jiping 
Published: February 2016

We utilize molecular dynamics simulations to study the effect of an electric field on the permeation of water molecules through a defective single-walled carbon nanotube (DSWCNT). Compared with a perfect single-walled carbon nanotube (PSWCNT), the behaviors of water molecules respond more quickly under the same electric field in a DSWCNT. Wet–dry phase transition of water molecules occurs when the electric field reaches 0.32 V/nm, which is much lower than the case of the PSWCNT. Besides, the critical electric field is affected by the number of defects. These results pave a way for designing fast wet–dry transition devices and provide a new insight into water permeation through a defective nanochannel.
INNOVATIVE BRAND COMMUNITY MEMBERS AND THEIR WILLINGNESS TO SHARE IDEAS WITH COMPANIES
Authors: NØRSKOV SLADJANA , ANTORINI YUN MI , JENSEN MORTEN BERG 
Published: February 2016

With the aim of contributing to the existing knowledge of brand community members and their willingness to share ideas, we investigate whether and how brand community innovators’ (i) lead user characteristics, (ii) brand community identification, (iii) brand knowledge, (iv) brand loyalty and (v) preferences regarding the brand owner’s interference in community activities influence their willingness to share their ideas with the company. In contrast to earlier studies, which inquired into brand community members’ intentions to share their ideas [see Füller, J, K Matzler and M Hoppe (2008). Brand community members as a source of innovation. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 25, 608–619], we studied members who had already innovated and were actively involved in innovation processes. Using a survey of the Adult Fans of Lego (AFOL) community, we found that brand community members’ willingness to share their ideas is positively related to the ahead of the trend (AT) dimension of lead user characteristics, brand community identification and brand loyalty. Interference by the company in community activities also plays a role. Surprisingly, the brand community innovators perceive this role oppositely to what prior research on firm-hosted and open-source communities suggests. This study extends our knowledge of brand communities by demonstrating how brand community innovators’ interpersonal contexts, personal traits and brand perceptions may promote or demote willingness to share.
Mean First Passage Time in Single File Dynamics
Authors: Flomenbom Ophir 
Published: February 2016

We derive the general scaling law of the mean first passage time (MFPT) in single file dynamics; the process where many real particles move in a channel of length [Formula: see text] with absorbing boundaries, where the particles and the channel have about the same cross section. We derive the relation [Formula: see text], here we compute the MFPT when the channel is free (all particles are absorbed, where the average is over many trajectories), [Formula: see text] is the number of particles in the channel at initiation, [Formula: see text] is the many-particle effect and the quantity MFPT[Formula: see text] is the MFPT of the free particle. When at initiation the density is fixed in basic files [Formula: see text] and therefore e.g. [Formula: see text] (basic stochastic dynamics). We also compute the MFPT in diverse files; for example, in a file with heterogeneous particles, in deterministic files, in slow files and in files with long-range interactions. When the particle density is not fixed yet scales with 1/length from the origin, [Formula: see text]; yet, interactions might increase (attractive) or decrease (repulsive) the many-particle effect relative to [Formula: see text]. In slow files, [Formula: see text] (in the number of jumps). We explain these valuable results with various methods and approaches, e.g., we derive a general mapping from the mean square displacement scaling law to the MFPT scaling law. We also connect the results with real life activities. Special Issue Comments: Mean first passage scaling law in single file dynamics and various particular results in files are derived in this project. The project is related to the Special Issue projects about heterogeneous files and slow files,[Formula: see text] expansions in files,[Formula: see text] files with force[Formula: see text] and the first passage time in files.[Formula: see text]
Can We Group Storage? Statistical Techniques to Identify Predictive Groupings in Storage System Accesses
Authors: Wildani Avani , Miller Ethan L. 
Published: February 2016

Storing large amounts of data for different users has become the new normal in a modern distributed cloud storage environment. Storing data successfully requires a balance of availability, reliability, cost, and performance. Typically, systems design for this balance with minimal information about the data that will pass through them. We propose a series of methods to derive groupings from data that have predictive value, informing layout decisions for data on disk.
Unlike previous grouping work, we focus on dynamically identifying groupings in data that can be gathered from active systems in real time with minimal impact using spatiotemporal locality. We outline several techniques we have developed and discuss how we select particular techniques for particular workloads and application domains. Our statistical and machine-learning-based grouping algorithms answer questions such as “What can a grouping be based on?” and “Is a given grouping meaningful for a given application?” We design our models to be flexible and require minimal domain information so that our results are as broadly applicable as possible. We intend for this work to provide a launchpad for future specialized system design using groupings in combination with caching policies and architectural distinctions such as tiered storage to create the next generation of scalable storage systems.
Alcohol Drinking Mediates the Association between Polymorphisms of ADH1B and ALDH2 and Hepatitis B–Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Jessica , Yang Hwai-I , Lee Mei-Hsuan , Jen Chin-Lan , Hu Hui-Han , Lu Sheng-Nan , Wang Li-Yu , You San-Lin , Huang Yen-Tsung , Chen Chien-Jen 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Background: The role of polymorphisms on ADH1B and ALDH2 in patients with chronic hepatitis B is unclear. This study aims to examine whether alcohol drinking mediates the association between two ADH1B and ALDH2 polymorphisms and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among chronic hepatitis B patients.
Methods: A total of 3,824 individuals were enrolled in this study. Two SNPs, rs1229984 (ADH1B) and rs671 (ALDH2), were genotyped using the Affymetrix Axiom Genome-Wide CHB1 Array (Affymetrix, Inc). Multivariate unconditional logistic regression and mediation analyses were used, comparing CT or TT with CC for rs1229984 and GA and AA with GG for rs671.
Results: There were 602 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and 3,222 controls. Frequencies of the rs1229984 (ADH1B) T allele and rs671 (ALDH2) A allele were 72.9% and 28.8%, respectively. Individuals who carried at least one deficient allele for both SNPs were significantly less likely to become habitual alcohol drinkers, with an OR and 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.24 (0.15–0.40). Alleles for rs1229984 (ADH1B) and rs671 (ALDH2) were not associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in multivariate analyses. However, mediation analyses showed that the rs1229984 T allele, rs671 A allele, and two SNPs combined were significantly associated with decreased hepatocellular carcinoma risk, mediated through alcohol drinking, with an OR (95% CI) of 0.87 (0.79–0.96), 0.70 (0.61–0.82), and 0.73 (0.58–0.88), respectively.
Conclusions: Polymorphisms on ADH1B and ALDH2 had significant indirect effects on hepatocellular carcinoma risk, mediated through alcohol drinking.
Impact: Future genetic studies of chronic hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma must take mediation effects into consideration. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(4); 693–9. ©2016 AACR.
Aerobic Interval Training Reduces the Burden of Atrial Fibrillation in the Short Term
Authors: Malmo Vegard , Nes Bjarne M. , Amundsen Brage H. , Tjonna Arnt-Erik , Stoylen Asbjorn , Rossvoll Ole , Wisloff Ulrik , Loennechen Jan P. 
Published: February 2016

Background—
Exercise training is an effective treatment for important atrial fibrillation (AF) comorbidities. However, a high level of endurance exercise is associated with an increased AF prevalence. We assessed the effects of aerobic interval training (AIT) on time in AF, AF symptoms, cardiovascular health, and quality of life in AF patients.

Methods and Results—

Fifty-one patients with nonpermanent AF were randomized to AIT (n=26) consisting of four 4-minute intervals at 85% to 95% of peak heart rate 3 times a week for 12 weeks or to a control group (n=25) continuing their regular exercise habits. An implanted loop recorder measured time in AF continuously from 4 weeks before to 4 weeks after the intervention period. Cardiac function, peak oxygen uptake (

o
2
peak), lipid status, quality of life, and AF symptoms were evaluated before and after the 12-week intervention period. Mean time in AF increased from 10.4% to 14.6% in the control group and was reduced from 8.1% to 4.8% in the exercise group (
P
=0.001 between groups). AF symptom frequency (
P
=0.006) and AF symptom severity (
P
=0.009) were reduced after AIT. AIT improved

o
2
peak, left atrial and ventricular ejection fraction, quality-of-life measures of general health and vitality, and lipid values compared with the control group. There was a trend toward fewer cardioversions and hospital admissions after AIT.

Conclusions—

AIT for 12 weeks reduces the time in AF in patients with nonpermanent AF. This is followed by a significant improvement in AF symptoms,

o
2
peak, left atrial and ventricular function, lipid levels, and QoL.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01325675.
Significance of Intermediate Values of Fractional Flow Reserve in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Adjedj Julien , De Bruyne Bernard , Floré Vincent , Di Gioia Giuseppe , Ferrara Angela , Pellicano Mariano , Toth Gabor G. , Bartunek Jozef , Vanderheyden Marc , Heyndrickx Guy R. , Wijns William , Barbato Emanuele 
Published: February 2016

Background—
The fractional flow reserve (FFR) value of 0.75 has been validated against ischemic testing, whereas the FFR value of 0.80 has been widely accepted to guide clinical decision making. However, revascularization when FFR is 0.76 to 0.80, within the so-called gray zone, is still debatable.

Methods and Results—

From February 1997 to June 2013, all patients with single-segment disease and an FFR value within the gray zone or within the 2 neighboring FFR strata (0.70–0.75 and 0.81–0.85) were included. Study end points consisted of major adverse cardiovascular events (death, myocardial infarction, and any revascularization) up to 5 years. Of 17 380 FFR measurements, 1459 patients were included. Of them, 449 patients were treated with revascularization and 1010 patients were treated with medical therapy. In the gray zone, the major adverse cardiovascular events rate was similar (37 [13.9%] versus 21 [11.2%], respectively;
P
=0.3) between medical therapy and revascularization, whereas a strong trend toward a higher rate of death or myocardial infarction (25 [9.4] versus 9 [4.8],
P
=0.06) and overall death (20 [7.5] versus 6 [3.2],
P
=0.059) was observed in the medical therapy group. Among medical therapy patients, a significant step-up increase in major adverse cardiovascular events rate was observed across the 3 FFR strata, especially with proximal lesion location. In revascularization patients, the major adverse cardiovascular events rate was not different across the 3 FFR strata.

Conclusions—
FFR in and around the gray zone bears a major prognostic value, especially in proximal lesions. These data confirm that FFR≤0.80 is valid to guide clinical decision making.
Tobacco-free Economy: A SAM-based Multiplier Model to Quantify the Impact of Changes in Tobacco Demand in Bangladesh
Authors: Husain Muhammad Jami , Khondker Bazlul Haque 
Published: February 2016

In Bangladesh, where tobacco use is pervasive, reducing tobacco use is economically beneficial. This article uses the latest Bangladesh social accounting matrix (SAM) multiplier model to quantify the economy-wide impact of demand-driven changes in tobacco cultivation, bidi industries and cigarette industries. First, we compute various income multiplier values (i.e., backward linkages) for all production activities in the economy to quantify the impact of changes in demand for the corresponding products on gross output for 86 activities, demand for 86 commodities, returns to 4 factors of production and income for 8 household groups. Next, we rank tobacco production activities by income multiplier values relative to other sectors. Finally, we present three hypothetical ‘tobacco-free economy’ scenarios by diverting demand from tobacco products into other sectors of the economy and by quantifying the economy-wide impact. The simulation exercises with three different tobacco-free scenarios show that, compared to the baseline values, total sectoral output increases by 0.92, 1.3 and 0.75 per cent. The corresponding increases in the total factor returns (i.e., gross domestic product, GDP) are 1.57, 1.75 and 1.75 per cent. Similarly, total household income increases by 1.40, 1.58 and 1.55 per cent. JEL Classification: E1, C6, O2
Financial Development, Remittances and Economic Growth: Evidence Using a Dynamic Panel Estimation
Authors: Chowdhury Murshed 
Published: February 2016

This study examines how remittances can influence economic growth under different levels of financial development. Using a dynamic panel estimation of 33 top remittance-recipient developing countries from 1979 to 2011, the results suggest that financial development neither works as a substitute nor a complement for the remittance–growth nexus. While remittances are effective in promoting economic growth, the influence of financial variables is found to be insignificant. More developed financial systems may attract more remittances; however, the interaction effect of financial development and remittances is not growth enhancing. Promoting financial literacy, reducing the cost of sending remittances through banks and encouraging the overall use of formal financial institutions may induce a stronger remittance–growth nexus. JEL Classification: F24, F41, F63, F68
International Migration, Remittances and Labour Force Participation of Left-behind Family Members: A Study of Kerala
Authors: Khan M. Imran , Valatheeswaran C.  
Published: February 2016

The article examines the impact of international migration on the labour supply of male and female left-behind household members in both market and non-market work. In addition, we examine the labour supply behaviour of women whose husbands have migrated abroad. After controlling for potential endogeneity using the instrument variable (IV-probit) approach, estimates show that the supply of male and female left-behind members in market work decreases. While international migration results in the relocation of labour supply of male left-behind members from salary and casual wage workers to self-employed workers, it increases female left-behind members’ participation in household duties and reduces their participation in unpaid family work. The heterogeneity effect confirms that the impact of international migration is greater in rural than in urban areas. JEL Classification: F22, F24, J21, J24, J16, J61
Modelling a Causal Relationship between the Internet and Academic Research Performance in an Australian University: A Case Study
Authors: Mamun Shamsul Arifeen Khan , Rahman Mohammad Mafizur 
Published: February 2016

This study examines the relationship between academics’ use of the Internet for academic purposes and their research performance using cross-sectional data collected from academics of the University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Australia, during the period February–March 2014. In this study, a system of simultaneous equation models is used to control the potential bias associated with simultaneity between the use of the Internet and academics’ research performances. The simultaneity, a potential econometric problem, was overlooked in past studies. A finding of this study is that academics’ use of the Internet is a statistically significant contributor to research output in an Australian university. The estimated elasticity of research output is 0.16 with respect to changes in Internet use. JEL Classifications: C3, D8, I2