bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation of Bioactive Phenazine-1-Carboxamide from the Soil Bacterium Pantoea agglomerans and Study of Its Anticancer Potency on Different Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Ali Hayssam M , El-Shikh Mohamed S , Salem Mohamed Z M , M Muzaheed 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The study was designed to investigate the anticancer effect of phenazine-1-carboxamide (PCN) isolated from the bacterium Pantoea agglomerans naturally present in soil. PCN showed cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner, and inhibitory concentrations on the cancer cell lines A549, HeLa, and SW480 were between 32 and 40 μM. Significantly increased concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase were found with increasing concentrations of PCN, which resulted in increased destruction of the cancer cell membrane. A significantly increased p53 level was accompanied by the increased production of cytochrome c protein in all cancer cell lines studied. This condition in cells leads to the overexpression of caspase 3 and Bcl-2 family proteins. Upregulation and downregulation of proapoptotic and antiproapoptotic proteins were analyzed for their messenger RNA and protein expression. The activation of caspases and their cleavage compounds paves the way for the complete apoptosis process in cancer cells. We conclude that P. agglomerans–derived PCN acts as an effective anticancer drug or compound.
Le patrimoine au défi de l’interculturalité : enjeux et nouvelles pratiques
Authors: Autant-Dorier Claire 
Published: June 2016

Le patrimoine semble être devenu un outil de promotion, voire de « gestion » de la diversité, notamment au niveau des instances politiques internationales. Il serait un opérateur de construction du « commun ». La première partie de l’article pointe le fait que la seule reconnaissance de la diversité ne saurait toutefois suffire à faire du commun, car elle maintient une conception identitaire, voire réifiée, du patrimoine. L’hypothèse est faite que, pour devenir « commun », le patrimoine devrait être désapproprié, y compris dans sa dimension publique. L’auteur examine alors comment les articles de ce numéro déclinent diverses conceptions et modalités de faire « patrimoine commun ». Il apparaît que les sources de production et de légitimation du patrimoine se diversifient, leurs manifestations et formes changent, en particulier depuis la reconnaissance du patrimoine culturel immatériel, et les acteurs eux-mêmes s’hybrident. L’analyse porte, dans une deuxième partie, sur la façon dont les voix profanes et minorées contribuent à une co-activité de définition de la légitimité et des usages de ce qui, dès lors, fait patrimoine. Il y aurait là basculement de régime patrimonial, dans lequel plus que d’authentification, il s’agirait d’un travail politique de reconsidération. Celui-ci passe par des expériences, voir des expérimentations, dans lesquelles le chercheur est également un acteur impliqué. La dernière partie identifie, au travers des contributions présentées, quelques caractéristiques du patrimoine mis à l’épreuve de l’interculturalité. Ce qui fait la force du patrimoine, en régime interculturel, ne dépendrait pas de procédures d’authentification, de classement, de protection, mais des performances qui l’actualisent et de sa capacité prospective. Des espaces d’invention de la culture sont ainsi activés.
Le « patrimoine commun » des anciens territoires allemands de l’Est : approche politique versus approche communautaire
Authors: Bierwerth Gesa 
Published: June 2016

Cet article propose une réflexion critique sur le concept de « patrimoine commun », introduit par Tomaszewski au milieu des années 1990, et qui renvoie à l’héritage culturel de territoires bi- et multiculturels. Cette notion véhicule l’espoir de rompre avec le passé et tout particulièrement avec l’interprétation nationale du patrimoine, afin de concentrer les forces en faveur de sa préservation. L’analyse critique du contexte d’émergence de cette notion et de ses différentes interprétations met en lumière son opérabilité et ses limites à la fois sur le plan théorique et pratique. Une approche juste du patrimoine doit plutôt prendre en compte ses origines, les altérations qu’il a subies et le rapport que les communautés entretiennent avec lui. Ainsi, ceux qui fréquentent le patrimoine en question et qui s’y identifient entreprennent des projets à petite échelle en négociant des compromis. Une approche prometteuse et favorable à la renaissance du patrimoine repose ainsi sur des actions intercommunautaires qui lui attribuent une nouvelle charge symbolique, permettant ainsi de créer un patrimoine effectivement commun.
“Words to receive. Words to be received”: reflections on the Intercultural City museum work
Authors: Parrino Lucia 
Published: June 2016

Although diversity has always been a fundamental characteristic of human societies, now more than ever it has become central to the political and research agenda. The question of how we can live together while enjoying our differences is a fundamental issue of our time, and the city is viewed as the most promising site to negotiate identities. That being so, what is the role of museums? How can local museums develop interventions that address local cultural diversity issues?
In the first part of the article, I introduce the idea of “Intercultural City museum work.” I present a metadesign framework that aims to help museums emphasize the impact of diversity work on their local contexts, proposing the Intercultural City approach as a reference point. In the second part of the article, I describe the “Intercultural City museum work” and on using the metadesign framework with reference to MUST-Museo del Territorio Vimercatese, a civic museum on local history and identity in Vimercate, a town in the metropolitan area of Milan. Immigration to the geographical area over the past few decades and the resulting cultural diversity are neither reflected in the museum collections nor the permanent exhibitions. As a result, the museum decided to address these topics through services, events and special projects. In particular, I describe the exhibition Words to Receive. Words to be Received, designed and created by COI-Centro Orientamento Immigrati—a local immigrants’ resource centre—with the museum.
L’individuation du social et le statut sociologique de l’individu
Authors: Messu Michel 
Published: June 2016

Une partie de la sociologie française se réclame aujourd’hui d’une « sociologie des individus ». Après avoir été largement dominée par une approche accordant aux « structures sociales » un pouvoir explicatif en dernière instance, la sociologie contemporaine accorde, parfois, ce pouvoir aux individus. L’article propose de comprendre ce glissement épistémologique par une sorte d’adaptation de la démarche sociologique à nos sociétés devenues « individualistes » – c’est-à-dire valorisant et accordant aux individus une place prépondérante dans la manière d’être en société. La discipline sociologique l’aura fait explicitement en promouvant un individu épistémique et implicitement en adoptant des méthodes dites qualitatives. L’article discutera aussi la question de savoir s’il y a là vraiment un gain quant à ce que se propose d’atteindre la discipline sociologique.
Le retour d’intérêt pour la formation des élites à la charnière du XXe et du XXIe siècles : une recomposition des conceptions de la justice en éducation
Authors: Derouet Jean-Louis 
Published: June 2016

L’article analyse l’intérêt de la recherche en éducation pour la formation des élites qui se manifeste depuis la fin du XXe siècle. Sans méconnaître l’influence de la pensée néoconservatice portée par les pays anglo-saxons, il essaie de situer le débat dans une perspective plus longue, remontant au moins aux Lumières. La question « Comment l’école peut-elle assurer à la fois la formation de tous et la promotion des meilleurs ? » constitue un classique de la philosophie politique de l’éducation. Pour y répondre, chaque période a élaboré des compromis en fonction de la représentation que la société a d’elle-même et des dynamiques qu’elle souhaite promouvoir. Le texte s’attache particulièrement à la manière dont la tension est gérée aujourd’hui dans la perspective de « sociétés intégratrices » et au déclin d’une définition de l’élite liée à la tradition culturelle au profit d’une philosophie managériale du projet.
Un anthropologue à Tchernobyl, entre catastrophe imaginaire et catastrophe
réelle
Authors: Lemarchand Frédérick 
Published: June 2016

Tchernobyl est un événement fondateur, ouvrant sur un monde nouveau et durable, qui
a pour caractéristique d’être, selon l’expression de Günther Anders, à la fois
infraliminaire, un signal trop faible pour être perçu, comme la contamination à faible dose
dans le temps long, et supraliminaire, c’est-à-dire trop grands pour être appréhendés, par
exemple la durée de vie d’éléments radioactifs se comptant en centaines de milliers
d’années. L’un des principaux enseignements que l’on tirer de la confrontation à de tels
« objets » est que les catastrophes ont, ceci aussi est paradoxal, pour principale
conséquence d’unifier le genre humain, de rendre contemporains d’une même historicité tous
ceux qui en sont les victimes plus ou moins directes. Ce qui, indiscutablement, incite à
renouveler la sociologie académique et invite à tirer des leçons sur les relations
qu’entretient la tradition sociologique avec des objets aussi apparemment étrangers les uns
aux autres que Tchernobyl, Fukushima, les OGM, le corps bionique, les « nouveaux paysans »,
les « décroissants » et les populations déplacées, qui doivent dorénavant être pensés
ensemble. La réalisation de la catastrophe semblant avoir porté atteinte à notre possibilité
de la figurer, l’objet « catastrophe nucléaire » pose à la démarche anthropologique de
nombreuses questions en même temps qu’il conduit à réinterroger les fondements critiques de
la modernité.
Thermal phonon transport in Si thin film with dog-leg shaped asymmetric nanostructures
Authors: Kage Yuta , Hagino Harutoshi , Yanagisawa Ryoto , Maire Jeremie , Miyazaki Koji , Nomura Masahiro 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Thermal phonon transport in single-crystalline Si thin films with dog-leg shaped nanostructures was investigated. Thermal conductivities for the forward and backward directions were measured and compared at 5 and 295 K by micro thermoreflectance. The Si thin film with dog-leg shaped nanostructures showed lower thermal conductivities than those of nanowires and two-dimensional phononic crystals with circular holes at the same surface-to-volume ratio. However, asymmetric thermal conductivity was not observed at small temperature gradient condition in spite of the highly asymmetric shape though the size of the pattern is within thermal phonon mean free path range. We conclude that strong temperature dependent thermal conductivity is required to observe the asymmetric thermal phonon conduction in monolithic materials with asymmetric nanostructures.
A New Sonographic Weight Estimation Formula for Small‐for‐Gestational‐Age Fetuses
Authors: Faschingbauer Florian , Dammer Ulf , Raabe Eva , Kehl Sven , Schmid Matthias , Schild Ralf L. , Beckmann Matthias W. , Mayr Andreas 
Published: June 2016

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to develop a new specific weight estimation formula for small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) fetuses that differentiated between symmetric and asymmetric growth patterns.MethodsA statistical estimation technique known as component‐wise gradient boosting was applied to a group of 898 SGA fetuses (symmetric, n = 750; asymmetric, n = 148). A new formula was derived from the data obtained and was then compared to other commonly used equations.ResultsThe new formula derived is as follows: estimated fetal weight = e^[1.3734627 + 0.0057133 × biparietal diameter + 0.0011282 × head circumference + 0.0201147 × abdominal circumference + 0.0183081 × femur length − 0.0000177 × biparietal diameter2 − 0.0000018 × head circumference2 − 0.0000297 × abdominal circumference2 −0.0001007 × femur length2 + 0.0397563 × I(sex = male) + 0.0064505 × gestational age (days) + 0.0096528 × I(SGA = asymmetric)], where the function I denotes an indicator function, which is 1 if the expression is fulfilled (sex = male; SGA type = asymmetric) and otherwise 0. In the whole study group and the 2 subgroups, the new formula showed the lowest median absolute percentage error, mean percentage error, and random error and the best distribution of absolute percentage errors within prespecified error bounds.ConclusionsThe new formula substantially improves weight estimation in SGA fetuses.
Evaluation of QTc prolongation and dosage effect with citalopram
Authors: McClelland Justine , Mathys Monica 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Introduction:Recently, controversy has surrounded a 2011 Food and Drug Administration warning against using citalopram at doses >40 mg/day due to QTc prolonging effects.

Methods:Patients ≥18 years old at the VA North Texas Health Care System were included in this retrospective review if they had received at least 1 prescription for a 30-day supply of citalopram between January 1, 2007, and February 29, 2012, and had a baseline electrocardiogram (ECG) within 1 year before initiation or dose increase of citalopram and at least 1 repeat ECG within 3 months after citalopram initiation or dose increase. The primary endpoint was the prevalence of QTc prolongation (QTc interval ≥470 ms for men and ≥480 ms for women) after initiation or a dose increase of citalopram. For secondary objectives, Fisher exact tests were used determine if there was a dose-dependent difference in prevalence of QTc prolongation among the whole study sample and among the subgroup of patients ≥60 years old.

Results:Among the entire study sample, QTc prolongation was identified in 12 patients (16.4%) after initiation or a dose increase of citalopram. In the subgroup of patients ≥60 years old, QTc prolongation was identified in 7 patients (21.9%). Prevalence of QTc prolongation increased with dose in the entire study population (P = .016) and in patients ≥60 years (not significant).

Discussion:This retrospective study suggests that citalopram produces a dose-dependent increase in QTc interval.
Management of antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia
Authors: Tewksbury Ashley , Olander Amy 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Introduction: Antipsychotics represent a large portion of the psychotropics that may induce hyperprolactinemia. Clinical psychiatric pharmacists must be adept in stratifying the relative risk of hyperprolactinemia among psychotropics, identifying patient risk factors, recognizing differential diagnoses, and recommending therapeutic alternatives and treatment strategies. High-potency, typical antipsychotics are more likely to elevate prolactin although exceptions to the rule exist.

Methods: A literature search of PubMed and Google Scholar was performed to identify English language articles on the treatment of antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia in humans. Methodological rigor is summarized for compiled studies in addition to feasibility and limitations of application to clinical practice.

Results: There is an absence of robust evidence for the management of antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia. Among the pharmacological treatments studied, aripiprazole (switching or augmentation) possessed the strongest evidence. Pharmacological treatments with less evidence encompassed dose reduction, switching to lower potency antipsychotics, and adding dopamine agonists. To date, no head-to-head studies have been published on the above approaches.

Discussion: Atypical antipsychotics with low affinity for dopamine (D2) receptors, such as olanzapine, are logical alternatives for the patient experiencing drug-induced hyperprolactinemia. When augmentation is clinically preferred to switching, a viable option is the addition of a full or partial dopamine agonist, such as bromocriptine or aripiprazole, respectively. Patient-specific risk of psychiatric decompensation and the severity of symptomatic hyperprolactinemia should be weighed when formulating treatment strategies.
Sexual dysfunction in selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and potential solutions: A narrative literature review
Authors: Jing Elizabeth , Straw-Wilson Kristyn 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Sexual dysfunction is an underdiscussed adverse effect to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and may increase the risk for discontinuation and nonadherence to antidepressant pharmacotherapy. Given the prevalence of depression, health care providers should educate patients about SSRI-associated sexual dysfunction in order to promote patient awareness and medication adherence. This study evaluated primary literature from 1997 to 2015 to identify SSRI-related sexual side effects, therapeutic alternatives, and treatment strategies. The results indicate that paroxetine is associated with the greatest rate of sexual dysfunction among the SSRIs. Potential alternatives to SSRI treatment include bupropion, mirtazapine, vilazodone, vortioxetine, and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. In the event that a subject responds solely to SSRIs but experiences unwanted sexual side effects, bupropion may be added as an adjunctive medication. Some limited evidence also suggests that saffron may reduce some aspects of sexual dysfunction, excluding ability to reach orgasm.
Extending Theis' solution: Using transient pumping tests to estimate parameters of aquifer heterogeneity
Authors: Zech Alraune , Müller Sebastian , Mai Juliane , Heße Falk , Attinger Sabine 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA framework for interpreting transient pumping tests in heterogeneous transmissivity fields is developed to infer the overall geostatistical parameters of the medium without reconstructing the specific heterogeneous structure point wise. The methodology of Radial Coarse Graining is applied to deduce an effective radial description of multi‐Gaussian transmissivity. It was used to derive an Effective Well Flow Solution for transient flow conditions including not only the storativity, but also the geometric mean, the variance, and the correlation length of log‐transmissivity. This solution is shown to be appropriate to characterize the pumping test drawdown behavior in heterogeneous transmissivity fields making use of ensembles of simulated pumping tests with multiple combinations of statistical parameters. Based on the Effective Well Flow Solution, a method is developed for inferring heterogeneity parameters from transient pumping test drawdown data by inverse estimation. Thereby, the impact of statistical parameters on the drawdown is analyzed, allowing to determine the dependence of reliability of parameter estimates on location and number of measurements. It is shown, that the number of measurements can be reduced compared to steady state pumping tests. Finally, a sampling strategy for single aquifer analysis is developed, which allows to estimate the statistical parameters, in particular variance and correlation length for individual heterogeneous transmissivity fields making use of transient pumping test measurements at multiple locations.
Structural controls on anomalous transport in fractured porous rock
Authors: Edery Yaniv , Geiger Sebastian , Berkowitz Brian 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAnomalous transport is ubiquitous in a wide range of disordered systems, notably in fractured porous formations. We quantitatively identify the structural controls on anomalous tracer transport in a model of a real fractured geological formation that was mapped in an outcrop. The transport, determined by a continuum scale mathematical model, is characterized by breakthrough curves (BTCs) that document anomalous (or “non‐Fickian”) transport, which is accounted for by a power law distribution of local transition times
within the framework of a continuous time random walk (CTRW). We show that the determination of
is related to fractures aligned approximately with the macroscopic direction of flow. We establish the dominant role of fracture alignment and assess the statistics of these fractures by determining a concentration‐visitation weighted residence time histogram. We then convert the histogram to a probability density function (pdf) that coincides with the CTRW
and hence anomalous transport. We show that the permeability of the geological formation hosting the fracture network has a limited effect on the anomalous nature of the transport; rather, it is the fractures transverse to the flow direction that play the major role in forming the long BTC tail associated with anomalous transport. This is a remarkable result, given the complexity of the flow field statistics as captured by concentration transitions.
Growth patterns among indigenous Qom children of the Argentine Gran Chaco
Authors: Alfonso‐Durruty Marta P. , Valeggia Claudia R. 
Published: June 2016

OBJECTIVESThis study describes and compares the growth strategies of rural (Western) and peri‐urban (Eastern) Qom indigenous children from Argentina.METHODSHeight and weight were cross‐sectionally assessed in Western (n = 263) and Eastern Qom (n = 512) individuals aged 0‐18.9 years. Height‐for‐age (HAZ), weight‐for‐age (WAZ), and BMI‐for‐age (BMIZ)z‐scores were calculated with an LMS software. Results were organized into four age categories: infancy, childhood, juvenility, and adolescence. Between‐group comparisons of HAZ, WAZ, and BMIZ were carried out by age and sex categories and compared with Student'stor Mann Whitney tests. Nutritional status was classified based on BMIZ following WHO recommendations and was compared withtests.RESULTSIn both groups, height and weight followed the typical human growth curve. Mean HAZ scores in both groups were within two standard deviations from the international reference, and increased from infancy to juvenility. WAZ and BMIZ scores were high during infancy and showed a general declining trend with age. Overall, Western Qom had higher HAZ scores. WAZ and BMIZ score comparisons showed only a handful of statistically significant differences, which, along with the analysis of BMI categories, indicated an association between peri‐urban environments and a higher prevalence of overweight and obese individuals (P < 0.01).CONCLUSIONAmong the Qom, low HAZ and high WAZ scores during the early years of development allow for the attainment of a relatively high adult stature. Their adaptive life‐history strategy seems to be to divert energy toward body mass during early development, and catch‐up with linear growth at a later stage of development. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:895–904, 2016. © 2016Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Asymmetric Aminocatalysis in the Synthesis of δ‐Lactone Derivatives
Authors: Albrecht Anna , Skrzyńska Anna , Pietrzak Anna , Bojanowski Jan , Albrecht Łukasz 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this manuscript, a novel approach to 3,4‐dihydrocoumarins is presented. It utilizes the aminocatalytic, trienamine‐mediated cycloaddition reaction between 2,4‐dienals and ethyl coumarincarboxylates. The reaction is promoted by a bifunctional aminocatalyst bearing a hydrogen‐bonding squaramide structural unit. As a consequence, the stereochemical outcome is governed through the double hydrogen‐bonding interactions between the hydrogen‐bonding moiety of the catalyst and the dienophile. The transformation of the obtained cycloadducts into 3,4‐dihydrocoumarins bearing a bislactone structural motif is presented.