bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Habitat type controls microarthropod community changes across a Magellanic sub-Antarctic elevation gradient
Authors: Bokhorst Stef , Contador Tamara , Mackenzie Roy , Convey Peter , Aerts Rien 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionElevation gradients are often used as a proxy for climate change as they allow comparisons of ecological responses over much larger temporal and spatial scales than is possible through experimental manipulations.MethodsHere, we tested how microarthropod communities (Collembola and Acari) are affected by climatic differences between sea level and 600 m a.s.l. on Navarino Island, in the Magellanic sub-Antarctic ecoregion of southern Chile (mean annual temperatures of 5.6 vs 3.1°C, respectively). We quantified microarthropod abundance, richness and community trait characteristics in dominant moss (Racomitrium lanuginosum and Polytrichum strictum) and lichen (Usnea trachycarpa, Pseudocyphellaria freycinetii and Stereocaulon alpinum) vegetation growing at both elevations. These moss and lichen genera are characterized by large morphological differences and allow testing of how habitat characteristics affect microarthropod community response across elevation gradients.ResultsCollembola and Acari community composition differed between the low and high elevation sites. Total abundance levels of Acari were maintained in each habitat across elevation, whereas Collembola richness strongly declined (50%) at high elevation in the moss habitats. Acari community differences across elevation were driven by relative abundance changes whereas the Collembola community lost species at higher elevation. An anticipated decline of smaller eudaphic Collembola at high elevation was only observed in the moss Racomitrium, reflecting potentially lower temperature buffering capacity and shelter options compared to Polytrichum. Lichens mostly supported larger epigeic species irrespective of elevation. There were no consistent patterns linking microarthropod communities with habitat water holding capacity or water loss rates across the studied habitats and elevation.DiscussionHabitat type and the genus of moss or lichen were associated with microarthropod community changes across elevation, including examples of declines, increases and no change. These findings highlight that community responses across gradients may not always relate to the generally hypothesized environmental variables (e.g. temperature variability) and that habitat characteristics should be taken into account when using elevation as a proxy for climate change.
MLFGCN: short-term residential load forecasting via graph attention temporal convolution network
Authors: Feng Ding , Li Dengao , Zhou Yu , Wang Wei 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionResidential load forecasting is a challenging task due to the random fluctuations caused by complex correlations and individual differences. The existing short-term load forecasting models usually introduce external influencing factors such as climate and date. However, these additional information not only bring computational burden to the model, but also have uncertainty. To address these issues, we propose a novel multi-level feature fusion model based on graph attention temporal convolutional network (MLFGCN) for short-term residential load forecasting.MethodsThe proposed MLFGCN model fully considers the potential long-term dependencies in a single load series and the correlations between multiple load series, and does not require any additional information to be added. Temporal convolutional network (TCN) with gating mechanism is introduced to learn potential long-term dependencies in the original load series. In addition, we design two graph attentive convolutional modules to capture potential multi-level dependencies in load data. Finally, the outputs of each module are fused through an information fusion layer to obtain the highly accurate forecasting results.ResultsWe conduct validation experiments on two real-world datasets. The results show that the proposed MLFGCN model achieves 0.25, 7.58% and 0.50 for MAE, MAPE and RMSE, respectively. These values are significantly better than those of baseline models.DiscussionThe MLFGCN algorithm proposed in this paper can significantly improve the accuracy of short-term residential load forecasting. This is achieved through high-quality feature reconstruction, comprehensive information graph construction and spatiotemporal features capture.
ExTraCT – Explainable trajectory corrections for language-based human-robot interaction using textual feature descriptions
Authors: Yow J-Anne , Garg Neha Priyadarshini , Ramanathan Manoj , Ang Wei Tech 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionIn human-robot interaction (HRI), understanding human intent is crucial for robots to perform tasks that align with user preferences. Traditional methods that aim to modify robot trajectories based on language corrections often require extensive training to generalize across diverse objects, initial trajectories, and scenarios. This work presents ExTraCT, a modular framework designed to modify robot trajectories (and behaviour) using natural language input.MethodsUnlike traditional end-to-end learning approaches, ExTraCT separates language understanding from trajectory modification, allowing robots to adapt language corrections to new tasks–including those with complex motions like scooping–as well as various initial trajectories and object configurations without additional end-to-end training. ExTraCT leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to semantically match language corrections to predefined trajectory modification functions, allowing the robot to make necessary adjustments to its path. This modular approach overcomes the limitations of pre-trained datasets and offers versatility across various applications.ResultsComprehensive user studies conducted in simulation and with a physical robot arm demonstrated that ExTraCT’s trajectory corrections are more accurate and preferred by users in 80% of cases compared to the baseline.DiscussionExTraCT offers a more explainable approach to understanding language corrections, which could facilitate learning human preferences. We also demonstrated the adaptability and effectiveness of ExTraCT in a complex scenarios like assistive feeding, presenting it as a versatile solution across various HRI applications.
Chicory supplementation improves growth performance in juvenile ostriches potentially by attenuating enteritis
Authors: Li Meng , Abouelfetouh Mahmoud M. , Salah Eman , Kiani Faisal Ayub , Nan Sha , Ding Mingxing , Ding Yi 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionEnteritis and dysbiosis are the major causes of high morbidity and mortality of juvenile ostriches. Chicory (CC) has been proven to have excellent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. However, it’s unclear whether CC could improve the survival rate of juvenile ostriches by relieving enteritis and correcting dysbiosis.Materials and methodsSouth African ostrich hatchlings (Struthio camelus domesticus) were fed with and without a CC-supplemented diet, and the body weight gain and mortality were compared over 4 months of age. Fresh fecal samples of clinically healthy ostriches were collected, and 16S DNAs were analyzed. Moreover, ostrich chicks with LPS-induced enteritis were fed with different dosages (0, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg) of chicoric acid (CA), a major bioactive component of CC, for five consecutive days. The expression levels of tight junction (TJ)-related proteins and inflammatory mediators in the ilea were detected with western blot and immunofluorescence.ResultsThe ostrich chicks fed on the CC-supplemented diet began to increase in weight at the 1st month of age and became remarkably heavier at the fourth month (p &lt; 0.01) compared with those fed on the non-CC-supplemented diet. Additionally, the mortality percentage was lower in the chicks fed on the CC-supplemented diet than those fed on the non-CC-supplemented diet (19% vs. 36%, respectively). The diet with the CC supplementation significantly increased the abundance of Phascolactobacteria (linear discriminant analysis; LDA &gt;4) and Bacteroidota (26.7% vs. 17.7%, respectively) as well as decreased the enrichment of Clostridium (5.0% vs. 9.1%, respectively) in the ostrich ilea compared to the diet without CC. The supplementation of CA at a dose of 80 mg/kg significantly increased the expression level of ZO-1 and claudin-3 (p &lt; 0.0001) and suppressed the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α (p &lt; 0.0001) in ostriches with LPS-induced ileitis.ConclusionOur results substantiate that CC or CA supplementation in a diet could effectively improve growth performance and reduce mortality in juvenile ostriches via modulating the gut microbiota and attenuating enteritis.
Prescribing practices for Proton pump inhibitors among primary care physicians in England
Authors: Plehhova Kate , Wray Joshua , Aluko Patricia , Sutton Scott , McArdle Jim , Dawson Anne , Coyle Cathal , Stevens Richard M 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) the most frequently prescribed drug class globally, are often overused.AimTo assess PPI prescribing practice in England.Design & settingElectronic medical record (EMR) evaluation from 62 primary care GP practices.MethodAdult patients on continuous PPI treatment (repeat prescription or≥4 acute prescriptions 6 months before data extraction) were included (August 2021−June 2022) to compare PPI prescribing practices vs National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (GORD and dyspepsia management) and Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (clopidogrel-PPI interaction) guidelines.ResultsWe identified 77,356 patients on continuous PPI treatment. The most common (68%) diagnosis recorded in patients’ EMRs and indicated for PPI use was gastroprotection, although 62% had no recorded indication. Of these 62% patients, 40% had no medication review in the preceding year. Among those with diagnoses indicated for≤3 months of PPI therapy (34%), 99% received their first PPI prescription≥3 months previously. Of patients with diagnoses indicated for long-term treatment (4%), 41% had no medication review in the preceding year. Furthermore, 18% of patients using omeprazole or esomeprazole were also prescribed clopidogrel, and 19% of those prescribed treatments associated with gastrointestinal risk (N=14,826) were not prescribed PPIs.ConclusionThis study shows that PPI prescribing in England is not in alignment with existing clinical guidelines and highlights the need for appropriate measures to increase awareness of overuse and support deprescribing where appropriate.
UMBLE LEADERSHIP PERSPECTIVE ON CREATIVE PERFORMANCE: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY CLIMATE AND THE MODERATING EFFECT OF LMX
Authors: Tao Rongdi 
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to investigate how humble leadership influences creative performance by mediating the psychological safety climate and the moderating role of leader-member exchange (LMX). We hypothesized that humble leadership could positively foster a psychological safety climate, thereby enhancing creative performance, and that LMX would strengthen this positive effect of humble leadership.
Using quantitative research methods, this study surveyed 684 ordinary white-collar employees in China and analyzed the collected data using structural equation modeling and multiple linear regression. Overall, the results supported all of the hypotheses. Humble leadership had a positive effect on both psychological safety climate and creative performance. There was also a positive effect on psychological safety climate and creative performance. Finally, psychological safety climate acted as a mediator between humble leadership and creative performance. When LMX levels were high, the positive effect of humble leadership on psychological safety climate became more noticeable. The conclusions of this study indicate that humble leadership is an effective means to promote employees' creative performance as it operates through shaping a psychologically safe work environment, while high-quality LMX relationships can further enhance this effect.
AN INTENSIVE LOCAL APPLICATION OF LENSEN’S ISALLO STRESS THEORY TO THE STURGEON LAKE SOUTH AREA OF ALBERTA
Authors: Lu Paul H. , Scheidegger Adrian E. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Isallo Stress maps of an area 24 by 24 miles in Central Alberta, Canada, were drawn to test Lensen’s theory. Two types of maps were drawn: one without and one with the a priori assumption of a principal horizontal stress (PHS) direction. It is shown that in either case, regions with incipient transcurrent faulting are preponderant over all others, a result which is in conformity with results from recent seismological investigations. The faulting patterns found are in full conformity with those that could be produced by the tectonic stresses which created the Rocky Mountains.
UPWARD AND DOWNWARD MIGRATIONS OF FLUIDS IN THE SUBSURFACE
Authors: Magara Kinji 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Under normal conditions most compaction current after deposition would move upward out of shales, because porosity and permeability of shales tend to decrease downward. Where a thick permeable sandstone bed underlies the shales, however, some downward compaction current should occur within the shales that are close to this sandstone. Therefore the boundary zone or boundary surface between the zones of upward and downward fluid movement must exist in the lower middle part of the shales. The level of the boundary surface or the thicknesses of the zones of upward and downward movement is related to minimum permeability, viscosity of water and pressure distribution. These zones can be determined in a schematic example of shale-sandstone sequence where the deposition is very rapid, by using a method based on Athy’s porosity-depth curve as the relationship under the compaction equilibrium condition, and Kozeny’s porosity-permeability relation. The downward compaction current could, moreover, be more important than the upward, because the shales which produce the downward current perform the role of the cap rock to the underlying sandstone reservoir.
In order to estimate the amount of the downward compaction current, the thickness of the downward zone is related to the porosity decrease during compaction. Calculations based on this schematic shale-sandstone example indicate that the main downward compaction current would occur in the relatively early stages of the rapid sedimentation. Later, another main downward current would take place just before the shales reach the equilibrium condition of compaction.
MICROFLORA OF THE LOWER CRETACEOUS McMURRAY FORMATION, NORTHEAST ALBERTA
Authors: Vagvolgyi A. , Hills L. V. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
One section of the Lower Cretaceous McMurray Formation and basal Clearwater Formation from the subsurface of northeast Alberta has been examined for its microfloral content. The recovered microfloral assemblage consists of 58 genera and 94 species of spores and pollen grains; one species of megaspore perispore; and 5 genera and 7 species of dinoflagellates. One species of Tsugae pollenites radiostriatus pollen is proposed as new.
The presence of Appendicisporites unicus, Plicatella trichacanthus var. dissectus, Cicatricosisporites perforatus, Contignisporites perplexus and Januasporites spiniferus indicate an Early to early Middle Albian age for the McMurray Formation in the type well.
The studied section has been subdivided into two zones: a lower zone containing only pollen and spores and an upper zone containing microplankton as well. The distribution of microplankton indicates a continental origin for most of the McMurray Formation except for the uppermost 21 ft (above 117 ft in the core) in which abundant microplankton make their appearance.
The distribution of palynomorphs within the core indicates a progressive decrease in species content upwards. This is interpreted as being the result of climatic changes brought about by the advancing Boreal Sea (Clearwater Formation deposits).
CLASSIFICATION OF ANHYDRITE — PRACTICAL APPROACH
Authors: Maiklem W. R. , Bebout D. G. , Glaister R. P. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The inconsistent usage of anhydrite terms in the past has pointed out the need to standardize terminology. To answer this need we have developed a practical anhydrite classification in which two basic properties are considered—structures and textures. The structural types are classified on the basis of four parameters: external form, anhydrite-to-matrix relationship, bedding, and distortion. The textural types are classified by size, shape, and spatial relationship of the crystals within the anhydrite masses. This anhydrite classification is believed to have world-wide applicability.
FLUID PRESSURE IN POROUS MEDIA — ITS IMPORTANCE IN GEOLOGY : A REVIEW
Authors: Gretener P. E. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
An attempt is made to summarize the importance of the pore-fluid pressure in porous rocks. Normal versus abnormal fluid pressures are discussed. The causes of abnormal fluid pressures are described and the theretical upper limit of such pressures is reviewed. The significance of the pore-fluid pressure in terms of physical parameters such as the sonic velocity, the electrical resistivity and the mechanical behaviour is reviewed. Also discussed is the effect of the pore-fluid pressure on such phenomena as landslides, overthrusts, formation of open joints, sedimentary structures and pressure solution.
ANHYDRITE DIAGENESIS, CALCITIZATION, AND ORGANIC LAMINITES, WINNIPEGOSIS FORMATION, MIDDLE DEVONIAN, SASKATCHEWAN
Authors: Shearman D. J. , Fuller J. G. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
A laminite deposit consisting of calcareous, dolomitic, and anhydritic layers interleaved with black organic material floors interior parts of the Middle Devonian Winnipegosis salt basin of western Canada.
Before compaction had affected it, part of the anhydritic laminite was diagenetically altered to coarsely crystalline calcite that enclosed the anhydrite and organic matter. This calcitized rock preserves features of the original sediment, and reveals that the laminar anhydrite had originally grown as anhydrite nodules in an organic substrate. In all essential respects, the crystal fabrics of the calcitized anhydrite nodules resemble those of Recent sabkha anhydrites, and the mode of growth was apparently identical.
Enterolithic structure resulted from buckling of sheets of coalesced nodules, and was caused by continued growth of the nodules within confining laminae.
Observed varieties of anhydrite fabric can be explained as products of compaction. The agency of pore-water pressure is important to the generation of flow fabrics. The range of anhydrite compaction-fabrics in general can be related to two matrix properties: compressibility and drainage.
The original sediment, before invasion by anhydrite or calcitization, resembled blue-green algal mat. Volumetrically, the organic material comprised a large fraction of the sediment even after anhydrite-nodule growth, though later compaction reduced it to black partings where it was not calcitized.
Stratigraphically, the presence of algal mat and nodular anhydrite on the basin floor implies nearly complete loss of water from the basin after Winnipegosis reef formation, and before halite accumulation supervened.
PALEOECOLOGY OF THE BEARPAW AND CONTIGUOUS UPPER CRETACEOUS FORMATIONS IN THE C.P.O.G. STRATHMORE WELL, SOUTHERN ALBERTA
Authors: Wall J. H. , Sweet A. R. , Hills L. V. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Foraminifera and megaspores are present through a cored section 1350 to 1760 ft in the C.P.O.G. Strathmore EV Well, which includes in descending order beds from the lower part of the Horseshoe Canyon Formation, a transitional interval, the Bearpaw Formation, and the uppermost part of the Belly River Group. Three distinct types of microfossil assemblages are recognizable: (1) inner-neritic shallow marine, (2) salt-marsh brackish marine, (3) continental.
The inner-neritic assemblage, consisting of a mixed agglutinated-calcareous foraminiferal fauna, is characteristic of much of the Bearpaw Formation, but recurs in the overlying Bearpaw - Horseshoe Canyon Formation transitional interval.
The salt-marsh assemblage, consisting mainly of thin-walled representatives of the agglutinated foraminiferal genera Miliammina, Ammomarginulina, Trochammina and Verneuilinoides, is recognized at the contact of the Bearpaw and the transitional interval and from two higher levels in the transition.
The continental assemblage, characterized in relative abundances of Azolla, Balmeisporites, Molaspora, Costatheca and Spermatites, is prominent in parts of the Belly River Group, transitional interval, and Horseshoe Canyon Formation. All these genera are markedly reduced in the salt-marsh brackish-marine and inner-neritic shallow-marine intervals.
Relative abundances of foraminifera and megaspores serve to reveal transgressive and regressive cycles near the western margin of the last widespread marine transgression in the Canadian western interior.
Sagittal Orientation Of Ingested Foreign Body Coin In Oesophagus At Tertiary Rural Health Care Center: A Case Report.
Authors: Sharma Nisha 
Published: September 2024

Foreign body (FB) ingestion and food bolus impaction is a common occurring event in children in all age groups, however, the most common age is 6 months to 4 years. Older children with underlying psychiatric problems are more susceptible to ingest FBs[1]. Most of ingested foreign bodies pass spontaneously with no intervention and coins are one of the usual ingested objects in the children[2-3]. Emergency intervention usually is needed in the symptomatic patients mainly with drooling, chest pain, and stridor or other red flags including:
•	Button batteries lodged in the esophagus.
•	Large objects >6 cm long and/or wider than 2.5 cm.
•	Magnet + metal object or >1 magnet ingestion.
•	Lead based objects failing to transit through the stomach.
•	High risk children: the previous GI surgery, tracheoesophageal fistulas or stenosing lesions1.
In the absence of the above signs and symptoms and red flags, patient can be kept under observation for 12-24 hours for their spontaneous passage along the GIT [4]. Distal oesophagealcoinsare more likely to pass spontaneously than the proximal coins. Serial radiographs are obtained to localise the site of the FB in theconservative management protocol[5-6]. Coins in the oesophagus often oriented in the coronal plane (face on the frontal radiograph and edge on the lateral view), however tracheal FBs placement is more likely in the sagittal orientation [7].
A hierarchical reinforcement learning model explains individual differences in attentional set shifting
Authors: Talwar Anahita , Cormack Francesca , Huys Quentin J. M. , Roiser Jonathan P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAttentional set shifting refers to the ease with which the focus of attention is directed and switched. Cognitive tasks, such as the widely used CANTAB IED, reveal great variation in set shifting ability in the general population, with notable impairments in those with psychiatric diagnoses. The attentional and learning processes underlying this cognitive ability and how they lead to the observed variation remain unknown. To directly test this, we used a modelling approach on two independent large-scale online general-population samples performing CANTAB IED, with one including additional psychiatric symptom assessment. We found a hierarchical model that learnt both feature values and dimension attention best explained the data and that compulsive symptoms were associated with slower learning and higher attentional bias to the first relevant stimulus dimension. These data showcase a new methodology to analyse data from the CANTAB IED task, as well as suggest a possible mechanistic explanation for the variation in set shifting performance, and its relationship to compulsive symptoms.