bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daily Life Physical Activity Modulates the Effects of an Exercise Program on Lower-Extremity Physical Function in Japanese Older Adults
Authors: Jindo Takashi , Kitano Naruki , Tsunoda Kenji , Kusuda Mikiko , Hotta Kazushi , Okura Tomohiro 
Published: April 2016

Background and Purpose:
Decreasing daily life physical activity (PA) outside an exercise program might hinder the benefit of that program on lower-extremity physical function (LEPF) in older adults. The purpose of this study was to investigate how daily life PA modulates the effects of an exercise program on LEPF.

Methods:
The participants were 46 community-dwelling older adults (mean age, 70.1 ± 3.5 years) in Kasama City, a rural area in Japan. All participated in a fall-prevention program called square-stepping exercise once a week for 11 weeks. We evaluated their daily life PA outside the exercise program with pedometers and calculated the average daily step counts during the early and late periods of the program. We divided participants into 2 groups on the basis of whether or not they decreased PA by more than 1000 steps per day between the early and late periods. To ascertain the LEPF benefits induced by participating in the exercise program, we measured 5 physical performance tests before and after the intervention: 1-leg stand, 5-time sit-to-stand, Timed Up and Go (TUG), habitual walking speed, and choice-stepping reaction time (CSRT). We used a 2-way analysis of variance to confirm the interaction between the 2 groups and the time effect before and after the intervention.

Results:
During the exercise program, 8 participants decreased their daily life PA (early period, 6971 ± 2771; late period, 5175 ± 2132) and 38 participants maintained PA (early period, 6326 ± 2477; late period, 6628 ± 2636). Both groups significantly improved their performance in TUG and CSRT at the posttest compared with the baseline. A significant group-by-time interaction on the walking speed (P = .038) was observed: participants who maintained PA improved their performance more than those who decreased their PA.

Discussion:
Square-stepping exercise requires and strengthens dynamic balance and agility, which contributed to the improved time effects that occurred in TUG and CSRT. On the contrary, because PA is positively associated with walking speed, maintaining daily life PA outside an exercise program may have a stronger influence on walking speed. To enhance the effectiveness of an exercise program for young-old adults, researchers and instructors should try to maintain the participant's daily life PA outside the program.

Conclusion:
Regardless of decreasing or maintaining daily life PA, the square-stepping exercise program could improve aspects of LEPF that require complex physical performance. However, a greater effect can be expected when participants maintain their daily life PA outside the exercise program.
Use of B-Mode Ultrasound as a Body Fat Estimate in Collegiate Football Players
Authors: Hyde Parker N. , Kendall Kristina L. , Fairman Ciaran M. , Coker Nicholas A. , Yarbrough Mary E. , Rossi Steve J. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Hyde, PN, Kendall, KL, Fairman, CM, Coker, NA, Yarbrough, ME, and Rossi, SJ. Utilization of B-mode ultrasound as a body fat estimate in collegiate football players. J Strength Cond Res 30(12): 3525–3530, 2016—The purpose of the present study was to validate a 7-site ultrasound imaging protocol to predict the percent body fat (%BF) in a division I football team. Body composition was estimated by ultrasound, 7-site skinfolds, and the 3-compartment-water (3C-W) model of Siri, using bioimpedance spectroscopy to estimate the total body water and air displacement plethysmography (using BODPOD) to determine the body density. Pearson's product-moment correlation analyses were run to determine correlations between ΣUltrasound and the criterion 3C-W, and between the ΣSkinfold and ΣUltrasound. Strong positive correlations were observed between ΣSkinfold and ΣUltrasound (r = 0.984; p < 0.001). Furthermore, a strong positive correlation was observed between ΣUltrasound and %BF from 3C-W (r = 0.878; p < 0.001). Based on the significant correlation analysis, a linear regression equation was developed to predict the %BF from ΣUltrasound, using %BF from the 3C-W model as the dependent variable: %BF = 6.194 + (0.096 × ΣUltrasound); standard error of the estimate (SEE) = 2.97%. Cross-validation analyses were performed using an independent sample of 29 players. The mean observed %BF from the 3C-W model and the mean predicted %BF were 18.32 ± 6.26% and 18.78 ± 6.22%, respectively. The constant error, SEE, and validity coefficient (r) were 0.87%, 2.64%, and 0.91%, respectively. The total error was 2.87%. The positive relationship between ultrasound measurements and the 3C-W model suggests that ultrasound imaging may be a practical alternative to predicting %BF in division I football players.
Changing Societal and Lifestyle Factors and Breastfeeding Patterns Over Time
Authors: Logan Chad , Zittel Tatjana , Striebel Stefanie , Reister Frank , Brenner Hermann , Rothenbacher Dietrich , Genuneit Jon 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUND:
Breastfeeding is an important determinant of early infant immune function and potentially future health. Although numerous studies have reported rising breastfeeding initiation rates and duration, few longitudinally investigated the impact of shifting societal and lifestyle factors on breastfeeding patterns in developed nations.

METHODS:
The Ulm Birth Cohort Study (UBCS) and Ulm SPATZ Health Study (SPATZ) cohorts consist of newborns and their mothers recruited, respectively, from 2000 to 2001 and 2012 to 2013 at the University Medical Center Ulm, Germany. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate crude and mutually adjusted hazard ratios for study effect (time trend) and individual risk factors on noninitiation and duration of predominant and total breastfeeding.

RESULTS:
Compared with UBCS mothers, SPATZ mothers had lower cessation rates of both predominant breastfeeding by 4 months and total breastfeeding by 6 months: hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) 0.79 (0.67–0.93) and 0.71 (0.60–0.82), respectively. However, this crude time trend was limited to mothers with higher educational achievement. Similar time trend effects were observed among less educated mothers only after adjustment for early cessation risk factors. Mutually adjusted hazard ratios for individual risk factors were similar in both studies: low education, high BMI, smoking within 6 weeks of delivery, and cesarean delivery were associated with early breastfeeding cessation beginning at 6 weeks. In addition, actively abstaining from drinking alcohol was associated with lower rates of early cessation.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our results suggest widening socioeconomic disparity in breastfeeding and potentially subsequent child health, which may require new targeted interventions.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE CIMENTAÇÃO EM RESTAURAÇÕES LIVRES DE METAL: UMA ABORDAGEM SOBRE TRATAMENTOS DE SUPERFÍCIE E CIMENTOS RESINOSOS
Authors: Silva Andréa Maria , Figueiredo Viviane , Farias Alcione , Brito Nadja Maria , Catão Maria Helena , Queiroz José Renato Cavalcanti 
Published: April 2016

As restaurações livres de metal são buscadas pelos anseios estéticos da população. Para o sucesso deste tratamento restaurador deve-se observar as peculiaridades de cada sistema cerâmico e seguir uma estratégia adequada para cimentação. Este artigo objetiva apresentar o tratamento de superfície das interfaces envolvidas durante a cimentação, a estrutura dental e a peça protética, e elucidar o agente cimentante. Enfatiza os diferentes tipos de tratamento de superfície para cerâmicas ácido-sensíveis, ácido-resistentes e cerâmicas híbridas. A revisão de literatura baseou-se em artigos científicos publicados em diferentes base de dados (PubMed, Medline, Scielo, Bireme e Google Acadêmico), utilizando os descritores: Prótese Dentária, Cerâmica, Tratamento de superfície e Cimentação. Foram selecionados artigos relevantes entre 2002 a 2015 referente à temática em revisão. O conhecimento do cirurgião-dentista sobre as estratégias de cimentação, conforme o tipo de cerâmica utilizada, é necessário para tomada de decisão durante a cimentação e para promover o sucesso clínico do tratamento com restaurações livres de metal.
TRATAMENTO ENDODÔNTICO DE INCISIVO LATERAL SUPERIOR COM CURVATURA APICAL ACENTUADA E LESÃO PERIAPICAL: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Souza Ronaldo Araújo , Gavazza Fernando , Da Costa Pinto Dantas João , Lago Maurício , Colombo Suely 
Published: April 2016

É reconhecida a complexidade do tratamento endodôntico. Algumas situações em particular apresentam características que podem representar dificuldades ainda maiores, entre as quais os canais que apresentam curvatura apical acentuada, necrose pulpar e lesão periapical. Nesse sentido, as novas técnicas de instrumentação e obturação trouxeram novas perspectivas e graças a isso assumiram a condição de fatores determinantes do sucesso. Através do tratamento de um incisivo lateral superior esquerdo com curvatura apical acentuada, necrose pulpar e lesão periapical, utilizando instrumentação manual e técnica da condensação lateral para a obturação, esse artigo pretende discutir se de fato as técnicas mais recentes de instrumentação e obturação do canal são fatores determinantes para o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico.
ADMINISTRAÇÃO PROFILÁTICA DE AMOXICILINA EM CIRURGIAS DE TERCEIROS MOLARES RETIDOS EM PACIENTES SAUDÁVEIS: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Pedrosa Marlus Da Silva , Dourado Ferro Flávia Ennes , Férrer Pompeu José Guilherme , Da Costa Borba Márcia Socorro 
Published: April 2016

Introdução: Cirurgias em terceiros molares retidos são procedimentos frequentes na prática clínica odontológica e estão associadas a inúmeras complicações trans e pós-operatórias. Como consequência, a profilaxia antibiótica é comumente relatada. Objetivo: Investigar as evidências científicas acerca da eficácia clinica profilática da amoxicilina em exodontias de terceiros molares retidos em pacientes saudáveis. Método: Realizou-se uma revisão de literatura nas bases eletrônicas SciELO, PubMed, LILACS e Oviatt Library nos meses de dezembro de 2015 a janeiro de 2016, utilizando como descritores: amoxicilina, antibioticoprofilaxia, cirurgia odontológica e terceiro molar ou dente serotino. Resultados e Discussão: A administração profilática da amoxicilina para extração de terceiros molares é objeto de controvérsia no tocante à sua eficácia clínica uma vez que evidências científicas acerca de suas vantagens e desvantagens ainda são limitadas. Conclusão: Em procedimentos cirúrgicos de extração de terceiros molares de pacientes saudáveis, a prescrição profilática da amoxicilina deve ser realizada com cautela.
Specialist geriatric services: A necessity within the radiotherapy workforce
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Omar 
Published: April 2016

<p>A large proportion of cancer patients receiving outpatient chemotherapy and radiotherapy services are more than 70 years old. For this subgroup of patients, a general clinical evaluation may not be sufficient to determine an individual’s treatment strategy as there are other non-stand¬ard medical issues that concern the elderlies such as polypharmacy, the need for extra social care, and accessibility to information[1]. In addition, these patients also have increased risks of reduced mobility, as well as emotional and financial difficulties.</p><p> </p><p>Therefore, it is necessary to incorporate geriatric as-sessment (GA) into routine medical practice in order to improve individualized care[2,3]. Geriatric assessment is a comprehensive process that evaluates a senior patient’s medical, emotional, social and functional capacity[4]. In the current issue of AMOR, Louise Hogan and Anita O’Donovan from Trinity College Dublin evaluated the experience of elderly patients who used radiotherapy services in Ireland[5]. This was conducted through a number of questions directed at a focus group of elderly cancer patients, assessing different spheres of social dif-ficulties associated with undergoing radiotherapy in this age group.</p><p> </p><p>They found that it is important to focus on providing essential information to patients in a calm setting at an appropriate time. They also recommended establishing proper support groups for elderly patients receiving radi-otherapy, as well as encouraging one-to-one discus-sions between patients and members of the healthcare team regarding possible side effects of treatment.</p><p> </p><p>In conclusion, it is evident that specialist geriatric ser-vices within radiotherapy departments are a necessity, given the large number of elderly patients receiving radi-otherapy and the specificity of their medical and social needs. It is also believed that a treatment strategy based on a personalized GA for elderly patients will improve the overall treatment efficacy and minimize unwanted complications[6].</p><p> </p><p><br />Conflict of Interest<br />The author declares no potential conflict of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.</p>
Identifikasi Grade Sapi Bali Betina Bibit dan Koefisien Reproduksi Sapi Betina di Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (Grade Identification and Reproductive Coefficient of Bali Cattle Breeding Female in West Nusa Tenggara Province)
Authors: (Soekardono) Soekardono , Arman Chairussyhur , Kasip Lalu Muhammad 
Published: April 2016

<p>The goals of the research were to determine grade of Bali cattle breeding female and coefficient of reproduction of cattle breeding farm in NTB. Research was conducted in West Lombok Regency representing Lombok Island and Dompu Regency representing Sumbawa Island. Determination of cattle grade was carried out by measuring body weight, body length, shoulder height, and girth circle, as well as exterior observation, followed by data analysis with statistical descriptive tool. In order to know coefficient of reproduction, interviewed were implemented to the farmers (respondents), and then data were analyzed descriptively with the aid of table. Results of the study indicated that with the criteria of Directorate General of Livestock Services (DGLS) 2006, based on shoulder height (HS), grade of Bali cattle breeding female in NTB could be classified into: grade I = 36.5%; II = 49%; III = 7.5%; and non grade (NG) = 7%; based on body length (BL): grade I = 38.5%; II = 46%; III = 7.5%; and NG = 8%. When classification was considered based on island region, it showed that grade of Bali cattle breeding female in Sumbawa was better than that of in Lombok islands. Grade of Bali cattle breeding female in Lombok Island, based on HS was found as the following: grade I = 19.8%; II = 62%; III = 11%; and NG = 7%; while based on BL: grade I = 18.8%; II = 61%; III = 10%; and NG = 9%. Grade of Bali cattle breeding female in Sumbawa Island, based on HS was as the following: grade I = 57%; II = 34%; III = 3%; and NG = 7%; while based on BL: grade I = 61%; II = 29%; III = 4%; and NG = 6%. From technical coefficient of reproduction view point, the calving interval and weaning calf age were still quite long, about 15 and 6 months, respectively.</p><p>(Key words: Grade of Bali cattle breeding, Coefficient of reproduction, Bali cattle breeding female)<br /><br /></p>
Professional social networks among Italian astrophysicists. Prospective changes in validation and dissemination practices?
Authors: Marra Monica 
Published: April 2016

In recent years, the influences of the main web 2.0 tools on the scholarly communication cycle have been at heart of significant surveys. Awareness and/or adoption rates of these tools were a relevant aspect of this subject. In a very similar perspective, the present study addresses the Italian astrophysical research community. An online questionnaire was created in late September 2014 for the researchers working at the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics. 117 astrophysicists have revealed their attitudes and behaviour towards some major professional social networks (ResearchGate, LinkedIn, Academia) as well as their opinions about aspects of the main validation practices. The results show that professional social networks have been adopted widely (∼66%). ResearchGate results to be the most popular tool, followed by LinkedIn. The respondents’ opinions about different types of peer-review show this community is only partly satisfied with single-blind peer-review; nevertheless, the set of scholarly values and communication practices remains rather traditional and social networks result to be used chiefly for enhancing research output dissemination and researchers’ availability on the web.
Information-flow security for JavaScript and its APIs
Authors: Hedin Daniel , Bello Luciano , Sabelfeld Andrei 
Published: April 2016

JavaScript drives the evolution of the web into a powerful application platform. Increasingly, web applications combine services from different providers. The script inclusion mechanism routinely turns barebone web pages into full-fledged services built up from third-party code. Script inclusion poses a challenge of ensuring that the integrated third-party code respects security and privacy. This paper presents a dynamic mechanism for securing script executions by tracking information flow in JavaScript and its APIs. On the formal side, the paper identifies language constructs that constitute a core of JavaScript: dynamic objects, higher-order functions, exceptions, and dynamic code evaluation. It develops a dynamic type system that guarantees information-flow security for this language. Based on this formal model, the paper presents JSFlow, a practical security-enhanced interpreter for fine-grained tracking of information flow in full JavaScript and its APIs. Our experiments with JSFlow deployed as a browser extension provide in-depth understanding of information manipulation by third-party scripts. We find that different sites intended to provide similar services effectuate rather different security policies for the user’s sensitive information: some ensure it does not leave the browser, others share it with the originating server, while yet others freely propagate it to third parties.
TRAPPING OF NOBLE GASES BY RADIATIVE ASSOCIATION WITH
H
3
+
IN THE PROTOSOLAR NEBULA
Authors: Pauzat F. , Bacchus-Montabonel M-C. , Ellinger Y. , Mousis O. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
The heavy noble gas deficiencies observed in Titan’s atmosphere and in comets have been proposed to be related to a sequestration process by

H

3

+

in the gas phase at the early protosolar nebula. Chemical thermodynamics and astrophysics modeling are favorable to this hypothesis, as presented in preceding papers. However, there is a point still to be raised, i.e., that no dynamical study of the efficiency of the collisional processes had been performed so far. Here, we show that, apart from the expected exception of Ne, the rate constants obtained, i.e., 0.7 × 10−18, 0.5 × 10−16, and 10−16 (cm3 s−1) for Ar, Kr, and Xe, respectively, are reasonably high for such processes, particularly in the case of Kr and Xe. The temperature dependence is also considered, showing a similar behavior for all noble gases with a peak efficiency in the range 50–60 K. Globally, we can conclude that the scenario of sequestration by

H

3

+

is definitively comforted by the results of our quantum dynamical treatment. This process may also be responsible of the Ar impoverishment just measured in comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko by the ROSINA mass spectrometer on board the Rosetta spacecraft.
Technological, Organisational and Environmental Aspects of Audit Technology Acceptance
Authors: Rosli Khairina , Siew Eu-Gene , Yeow Paul H. P. 
Published: April 2016

The purpose of this paper is to use the Technology, <del cite="mailto:StafUUM_PC" datetime="2016-04-07T10:49">Organization </del><ins cite="mailto:StafUUM_PC" datetime="2016-04-07T10:49">Organisation </ins>and Environment (TOE) framework to understand the audit technology adoption in audit firms. Previous studies have only looked from the viewpoint of individual auditors and do not use a framework in which to understand the audit technology adoption. The audit technology differs from other information technology adoption because audit tools change the way in which auditors carry their tasks. One of the major contributions in this study is to use the TOE framework to analyse the factors in organisation adoption. Data of this study were gathered through questionnaire surveys that were self-administered to 1,367 audit firms registered in the Malaysian Institute of Accountants directory. Our findings indicate that although firms generally acknowledge that there are advantages of audit technology implementation and the benefits outweigh the costs, the firms also recognise that their organisations are only somewhat ready to adopt and their staff’s competency are only at a moderate level to be able to use the audit technology. Our survey also indicates that the role played by professional body support is important to increase its adoption.
Energy Consumption Forecasting Using Seasonal ARIMA with Artificial Neural Networks Models
Authors: Camara Abdoulaye , Feixing Wang , Xiuqin Liu 
Published: April 2016

<p>In many areas such as financial, energy, economics, the historical data are non-stationary and contain trend and seasonal variations. The goal is to forecast the energy consumption in U.S. using two approaches, namely the statistical approach (SARIMA) and Neural Networks approach (ANN), and compare them in order to find the best model for forecasting. The energy area has an important role in the development of countries, thus, consumption planning of energy must be made accurately, despite they are governed by other factors such that population, gross domestic product (GDP), weather vagaries, storage capacity etc. This paper examines the forecasting performance for the residential energy consumption data of United States between SARIMA and ANN methodologies. The multi-layer perceptron (MLP) architecture is used in the artificial neural networks methodology. According to the obtained results, we conclude that the neural network model has slight superiority over SARIMA model and those models are not directional. </p>