bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The invisible scaffold…with invisible benefits?
Authors: Krishnan Sandeep K. , Dean Larry S. 
Published: June 2017

Key Points

Authors suggest the use of an investigator‐owned and directed, prospective, non‐randomized, single‐arm multicenter registry at 23 Italian hospitals to follow 500 STEMI patients who receive BVS.
Follow‐up of patients is out to 5 years to determine how a BVS which has been deployed according to the IFU performs in these ACS patients. There is no comparator arm.
Mandate that patients included in this registry follow a strict BVS implantation protocol which is felt to mitigate the not insignificant stent thrombosis rates noted with BVS to date.
Hollow CuS Microcube Electrocatalysts for CO2 Reduction Reaction
Authors: Shao Ping , Ci Suqin , Yi Luocai , Cai Pingwei , Huang Peng , Cao Changsheng , Wen Zhenhai 
Published: June 2017

AbstractElectrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) is a promising strategy to mitigate or to address the issues caused by increasing CO2 emissions, but the implementation of such a technique highly depends on the exploration of highly efficient electrocatalysts toward the CO2RR. Here, we report a reliable route for the synthesis of hollow CuS microcubes (h‐CuS MCs) through a galvanic replacement reaction of the Cu2O microcube (Cu2O MC) precursor. A variety of characteristic techniques, including X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, were performed to study the morphology, crystalline structure, and surface properties. Systematic electrochemical studies demonstrate that the electrocatalytic activity for CO2RR is sensitive to crystalline structure, morphology, and size of Cu‐based materials. The h‐CuS MCs manifest the highest electrocatalytic activity upon electrocatalyzing CO2RR among the set of Cu‐based materials tested, as evidenced by a rather low overpotential and an enhanced faradaic efficiency for CO production.
Confining Nanopore Bipolar Electrochemical Processes to Give Pattern in Space and Time
Authors: Marken Frank 
Published: June 2017

Abstract“Wireless” metal‐coated nanopore electrode processes have been developed by Long and co‐workers (R. Gao, Y. Lin, Y.‐L. Ying, X.‐Y. Liu, X. Shi, Y.‐X. Hu, Y.‐T. Long, Small, 2017 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201700234), confining bipolar electrochemical processes into a nanopore. The reported concept of this new methodology may lead to intriguing new analytical and micro‐structuring applications based on a temporal pattern in ionic current responses and based on a spatial pattern leading to micro‐ring nanoassembly.
Photocontrol over Molecular Shape: Synthesis and Photochemical Evaluation of Glycoazobenzene Macrocycles
Authors: Despras Guillaume , Hain Julia , Jaeschke Sven Ole 
Published: June 2017

AbstractReversible shape switching due to external stimuli is an attractive property for the control of molecular features. Hence, we aimed at macrocycles to investigate photoswitching of molecular shape. We prepared the first carbohydrate‐based macrocycles comprising a photoresponsive azobenzene hinge. These macrocycles were readily obtained by cyclization of isothiocyanate‐armed bis‐azobenzene glycosides with piperazine. The unprotected macrocycles exhibit favorable photochromic properties in water and DMSO. Notably, the efficient trans→cis isomerization results in a remarkable shape transformation of the molecule. Additionally, the structure is characterized by restricted conformational freedom of the backbone, resulting in a single main conformer in each geometrical state (trans or cis). Measurement of optical rotation values and circular dichroism spectra revealed a tremendous change in chirality upon photoisomerization, with a strong helical induction in the cis state. These findings highlight the applicability of the new macrocycles as chiroptical molecular switches.
Sulfur–Fluoride Exchange (SuFEx)‐Mediated Synthesis of Sterically Hindered and Electron‐Deficient Secondary and Tertiary Amides via Acyl Fluoride Intermediates
Authors: Smedley Christopher J. , Barrow Andrew S. , Spiteri Christian , Giel Marie‐Claire , Sharma Pallavi , Moses John E. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAmide bond formation is one of the most executed reactions in chemistry and biology. This is largely due to the ubiquity of the amide functional group in biological molecules, natural products and pharmaceutically important drugs. We report here the development of “SuFExAmide”: a new sulfur–fluoride exchange (SuFEx) click chemistry based protocol for the efficient amidation of carboxylic acids via acyl fluoride intermediates. We have developed benzene‐1,3‐disulfonyl fluoride as a cost effective, powerful and versatile coupling agent, which delivers challenging secondary and tertiary amides in excellent yields from sterically hindered and electron‐deficient amines. The straightforward method offers significant benefits over existing protocols in terms of substrate scope, efficiency and ease of operation and is demonstrated by the synthesis of 44 amides, including GNF6702, an antiprotozoal drug candidate. In the majority of cases, the amide products are obtained in high yield without the need for excess reagents or chromatographic purification.
Organometallic Group 11 (CuIII, AgIII, AuIII) Complexes of a trans‐Doubly N‐Confused Porphyrin: An “Expanded Imidazole” Structural Motif
Authors: Yan Jiaying , Yang Yufeng , Ishida Masatoshi , Mori Shigeki , Zhang Bao , Feng Yaqing , Furuta Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2017

AbstractComplexation of group 11 metal cations with an α‐bis(phenylthio)‐substituted trans‐doubly N‐confused porphyrin (trans‐N2CPSPh: 4) afforded a series of square‐planar trivalent organometallic complexes (i.e., Cu‐H4, Ag‐H4, and Au‐H4). The X‐ray crystal structures of the complexes revealed highly planar core geometries along with the presence of peripheral amine and imine nitrogen sites of the pyrrolic moieties. NMR, UV/Vis absorption, and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopies suggested the 18 π‐electron aromaticity of the complexes. The aromaticity was also fully analyzed by various theoretical methodologies such as nucleus‐independent chemical shift (NICS) and anisotropic induced current density (ACID) calculations. The central metal affects the amphiprotic character of the complexes possessing both pyrrolic amino nitrogen and imino nitrogen atoms at the periphery, which was examined by the photometric titration with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene (DBU), respectively. The inherent acidity of the complexes was followed in the order; Cu‐H4>Au‐H4>Ag‐H4 and that of basicity was Au‐H4>Ag‐H4>Cu‐H4. The complexes could be considered as an “expanded imidazole” structural motif.
Soluble Platinum Nanoparticles Ligated by Long‐Chain N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes as Catalysts
Authors: Martínez‐Prieto Luis M. , Rakers Lena , López‐Vinasco Angela M. , Cano Israel , Coppel Yannick , Philippot Karine , Glorius Frank , Chaudret Bruno , van Leeuwen Piet W. N. M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSoluble platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) ligated by two different long‐chain N‐heterocyclic carbenes (LC‐IPr and LC‐IMe) were synthesized and fully characterized by TEM, high‐resolution TEM, wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and solution NMR. The surface chemistry of these NPs (Pt@LC‐IPr and Pt@LC‐IMe) was investigated by FT‐IR and solid state NMR using CO as a probe molecule. A clear influence of the bulkiness of the N‐substituents on the size, surface state, and catalytic activity of these Pt NPs was observed. While Pt@LC‐IMe showed no activity in the hydroboration of phenylacetylene, Pt@LC‐IPr revealed good selectivity for the trans‐isomer, which may be supported by a homogeneous species. This is the first example of hydroboration of acetylenes catalyzed by non‐supported Pt NPs.
Heterogeneous organization and connectivity of the chicken auditory thalamus (Gallus gallus)
Authors: Wang Yuan , Zorio Diego A. R. , Karten Harvey J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe auditory ascending system contains parallel pathways in vertebrate brains. In chickens (Gallus gallus), three pathways arise from nucleus laminaris (NL), nucleus angularis (NA), and regio intermedius (RI) in the brainstem, innervating three subdivisions of the nucleus mesencephalicus lateralis pars dorsalis (MLd) in the midbrain. The current study reveals the segregation of these pathways in their subsequent projections to the nucleus ovoidalis (Ov) in the thalamus. Based on cytoarchitecture and myelin distribution, we identified seven Ov subregions, including five neuronal clusters within the Ov proper, the nucleus semilunaris parovoidalis (SPO), and the circum‐ovoidalis (cOv). Immunocytochemistry further revealed that a ventromedial cluster of the Ov proper (Ovvm) contains unique cell types expressing α8 subunit nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, while SPO and cOv are characterized with expression of calcitonin‐gene‐related peptide and cholecystokinin. Tract tracing studies demonstrated that Ovvm is a major target of the NL‐recipient zone of MLd, while the RI‐recipient zone of MLd predominantly projects to a ventrolateral cluster of the Ov proper. Afferent inputs to the remaining regions of the Ov proper mostly arise from the NA‐recipient zone of MLd. SPO and cOv receive a projection from the surrounding areas of MLd, named the nucleus intercollicularis. Importantly, the Ov proper, SPO and cOv all project to the Field L2 in the forebrain, the avian auditory cortex. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the avian auditory thalamus is a structurally and functionally heterogeneous structure, implicating an important role in generating novel representations for specific acoustic features.
Controlling the correlation of cost matrices to assess scheduling algorithm performance on heterogeneous platforms
Authors: Canon L.‐C. , Héam P.‐C. , Philippe L. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryBias in the performance evaluation of scheduling heuristics has been shown to undermine the scope of existing studies. Improving the assessment step leads to stronger scientific claims when validating new optimization strategies. This article considers the problem of allocating independent tasks to unrelated machines such as to minimize the maximum completion time. Testing heuristics for this problem requires the generation of cost matrices that specify the execution time of each task on each machine. Numerous studies showed that the task and machine heterogeneities belong to the properties impacting heuristics performance the most. This study focuses on orthogonal properties, the average correlations between each pair of rows and each pair of columns, which measure the proximity with uniform instances. Cost matrices generated with 2 distinct novel generation methods show the effect of these correlations on the performance of several heuristics from the literature. In particular, EFT performance depends on whether the tasks are more correlated than the machines and HLPT performs the best when both correlations are close to one.
Metal Cations Induced αβ‐BChl a Heterogeneity in LH1 as Revealed by Temperature‐Dependent Fluorescence Splitting
Authors: Ma Fei , Yu Long‐Jiang , Llansola‐Portoles Manuel J. , Robert Bruno , Wang‐Otomo Zheng‐Yu , van Grondelle Rienk 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTwo spectral forms of the core light‐harvesting complex (LH1) of the purple bacterium Thermochromatium (Tch.) tepidum, the native Ca2+‐binding and the Ba2+‐substituted one, exhibit different fluorescence (FL) emission spectra at low temperature (T). While Ca‐LH1 exhibits one emission band, an unusual splitting of the fluorescence is observed for Ba‐LH1. These two sub‐bands display the same spectral‐width dependence according to T, but their intensity evolves differently with T. Based on the crystal structures, we propose that the FL splitting originates from a large αβ‐BChl a transition energy heterogeneity, ≈600 cm−1, which is much larger compared with other LH1 and LH2 complexes (80–200 cm−1). This large heterogeneity is induced by the inhomogeneous Coulomb (and possibly hydrogen‐bonding) interactions exerted by Ba2+. The energy levels of the two LH1s were compared using exciton calculations in combination with Redfield theory. To simulate the FL splitting, an electronic transition containing two resonant bands was considered. This work shows how metal cations incorporated into the polypeptide modulate the electronic properties of BChl a aggregates.
Compassionate Attention and Regulation of Eating Behaviour: A pilot study of a brief low‐intensity intervention for binge eating
Authors: Duarte Cristiana , Pinto‐Gouveia José , Stubbs R. James 
Published: June 2017

A low‐intensity 4‐week intervention that included components of compassion, mindfulness, and acceptance was delivered to women diagnosed with binge eating disorder. Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 conditions: intervention (n = 11) or waiting list control (n = 9). Participants in the intervention condition were invited to practise mindfulness, soothing rhythm breathing, and compassionate imagery practices with a focus on awareness and acceptance of emotional states and triggers to binge eating and engagement in helpful actions. Results revealed that, in the intervention group, there were significant reductions in eating psychopathology symptoms, binge eating symptoms, self‐criticism, and indicators of psychological distress; there were significant increases in compassionate actions and body image‐related psychological flexibility. Data suggest that developing compassion and acceptance competencies may improve eating behaviour and psychological well‐being in individuals with binge eating disorder.
Forbidden versus permitted interactions: Disentangling processes from patterns in ecological network analysis
Authors: Strona Giovanni , Veech Joseph A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSeveral studies have identified the tendency for species to share interacting partners as a key property to the functioning and stability of ecological networks. However, assessing this pattern has proved challenging in several regards, such as finding proper metrics to assess node overlap (sharing), and using robust null modeling to disentangle significance from randomness. Here, we bring attention to an additional, largely neglected challenge in assessing species’ tendency to share interacting partners. In particular, we discuss and illustrate with two different case studies how identifying the set of “permitted” interactions for a given species (i.e. interactions that are not impeded, e.g. by lack of functional trait compatibility) is paramount to understand the ecological and co‐evolutionary processes at the basis of node overlap and segregation patterns.
Musculin inhibits human T‐helper 17 cell response to interleukin 2 by controlling STAT5B activity
Authors: Santarlasci Veronica , Mazzoni Alessio , Capone Manuela , Rossi Maria Caterina , Maggi Laura , Montaini Gianni , Rossettini Beatrice , Cimaz Rolando , Ramazzotti Matteo , Barra Giusi , De Palma Raffaele , Maggi Enrico , Liotta Francesco , Cosmi Lorenzo , Romagnani Sergio , Annunziato Francesco 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe recently demonstrated that human T‐helper (Th) 17 cells, unlike Th1 cells, do not proliferate in response to T‐cell receptor stimulation, mainly because of their reduced capacity to produce and respond to IL‐2. In this study, we show that their lower responsiveness to IL‐2 is due to the selective expression of Musculin (MSC), a member of the basic helix‐loop‐helix transcription factors. We show that MSC expression in human Th17 cells is retinoic acid orphan receptor (ROR)γt‐dependent, and allows the upregulation of PPP2R2B, a regulatory member of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) enzyme. High PPP2R2B levels in human Th17 cells were responsible for the reduced STAT5B Ser‐193 phosphorylation upon IL‐2 signalling and, therefore, impaired STAT5B DNA binding and transcriptional activity on IL‐2 target genes. PP2A, observed in Th17 cells, controls also STAT3, dephosphorylating Ser727, thus increasing its activity that plays a crucial role in Th17 development and/or maintenance. Thus, our findings identify an additional mechanism responsible for the limited expansion of human Th17 cells, and could provide a further explanation for the rarity of these cells in inflamed tissues.
Immobilized monolithic enzymatic reactor and its application for analysis of in‐vitro fertilization media samples
Authors: Chen Wei‐Qiang , Obermayr Philipp , Černigoj Urh , Vidič Jana , Panić‐Janković Tanta , Mitulović Goran 
Published: June 2017

AbstractClassical proteomics approaches involve enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins (either separated by polyacrylamide gels or in solution) followed by peptide identification using LC‐MS/MS analysis. This method requires normally more than 16 h to complete. In the case of clinical analysis, it is of the utmost importance to provide fast and reproducible analysis with minimal manual sample handling. Herein we report the method development for online protein digestion on immobilized monolithic enzymatic reactors (IMER) to accelerate protein digestion, reduce manual sample handling, and provide reproducibility to the digestion process in clinical laboratory. An integrated online digestion and separation method using monolithic immobilized enzymatic reactor was developed and applied to digestion and separation of in‐vitro‐fertilization media.
Three‐dimensional numerical modeling of the Bulle effect: the nonlinear distribution of near‐bed sediment at fluvial diversions
Authors: Dutta Som , Wang Dongchen , Tassi Pablo , Garcia Marcelo H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe Bulle effect is a phenomenon in which a disproportionately higher amount of near‐bed sediment load at a fluvial diversion moves into the diverted channel, even for cases in which the proportion of water (with respect to the main flow) entering the diversion channel is relatively small. This phenomenon has wide‐ranging implications for both engineered and natural systems: from efficient design of channels to redirect water and sediment for reclaiming sinking deltas, designing navigational channels that do not need frequent dredging, to morphological evolution of river bifurcations. The first ever, and one of the most extensive set of experiments conducted to explore this phenomenon, were conducted by Bulle in . In the current study the experiments conducted by Bulle have been simulated using an open‐source, free‐surface finite‐element‐based hydrodynamic solver. The main objectives were to explore to what extent the complex phenomenon of the Bulle effect at the scale of a laboratory experiment can be simulated accurately using Reynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS)‐based hydrodynamic solver, and to understand the details of the hydrodynamics that Bulle could not analyze through his experiments. The hydrodynamics captured by the simulations were found to match the observations made by Bulle through his experiments, and the distributions of sediment at the diversion predicted by the numerical simulations were found to match the general trend observed in the laboratory experiments. The results from the numerical simulations were also compared with existing one‐dimensional models for sediment distribution at bifurcations, and the three‐dimensional numerical model was found to perform appreciably better. This is expected due to the complex flow features at the diversion, which can only be captured satisfactorily using a three‐dimensional hydrodynamic model. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Open-water and under-ice seasonal variations in trace element content and physicochemical associations in fluvial bed sediment
Authors: Doig Lorne E. , Carr Meghan K. , Meissner Anna G.N. , Jardine Tim D. , Jones Paul D. , Bharadwaj Lalita , Lindenschmidt Karl-Erich 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Across the circumpolar world, intensive anthropogenic activities in the southern reaches of many large, northward-flowing rivers can cause sediment contamination in the downstream depositional environment. The influence of ice cover on concentrations of inorganic contaminants in bed sediment (i.e., sediment quality) is unknown in these rivers, where winter is the dominant season. A geomorphic response unit approach was used to select hydraulically diverse sampling sites across a northern test-case system, the Slave River and delta (Northwest Territories, Canada). Surface sediment samples (top 1 cm) were collected from 6 predefined geomorphic response units (12 sites) to assess the relationships between bed sediment physicochemistry (particle size distribution and total organic carbon content) and trace element content (mercury and 18 other trace elements) during open-water conditions. A subset of sites was resampled under-ice to assess the influence of season on these relationships and on total trace element content. Concentrations of the majority of trace elements were strongly correlated with percent fines and proxies for grain size (aluminum and iron), with similar trace element grain size/grain size proxy relationships between seasons. However, finer materials were deposited under ice with associated increases in sediment total organic carbon content and the concentrations of most trace elements investigated. The geomorphic response unit approach was effective at identifying diverse hydrological environments for sampling prior to field operations. Our data demonstrate the need for under-ice sampling to confirm year-round consistency in trace element–geochemical relationships in fluvial systems and to define the upper extremes of these relationships. Whether contaminated or not, under-ice bed sediment can represent a “worst-case” scenario in terms of trace element concentrations and exposure for sediment-associated organisms in northern fluvial systems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2916–2924. © 2017 SETAC
No evidence for maintenance of a sympatricHeliconiusspecies barrier by chromosomal inversions
Authors: Davey John W. , Barker Sarah L. , Rastas Pasi M. , Pinharanda Ana , Martin Simon H. , Durbin Richard , McMillan W. Owen , Merrill Richard M. , Jiggins Chris D. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMechanisms that suppress recombination are known to help maintain species barriers by preventing the breakup of coadapted gene combinations. The sympatric butterfly species Heliconius melpomene and Heliconius cydno are separated by many strong barriers, but the species still hybridize infrequently in the wild, and around 40% of the genome is influenced by introgression. We tested the hypothesis that genetic barriers between the species are maintained by inversions or other mechanisms that reduce between-species recombination rate. We constructed fine-scale recombination maps for Panamanian populations of both species and their hybrids to directly measure recombination rate within and between species, and generated long sequence reads to detect inversions. We find no evidence for a systematic reduction in recombination rates in F1 hybrids, and also no evidence for inversions longer than 50 kb that might be involved in generating or maintaining species barriers. This suggests that mechanisms leading to global or local reduction in recombination do not play a significant role in the maintenance of species barriers between H. melpomene and H. cydno.