bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Evaluation of Stability and Acute Oral Toxicity of a Drug Delivery System Combining MIL‐100(Fe) with Chloroquine Phosphate
Authors: Thanh Le Bac , Que Nguyen Chau , Duc Ninh Ha , Thi Nguyen Phuong , Duc La Duong , Phuong Nguyen Thi Hoai 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMetal‐organic framework materials (MOFs) are highly porous and are the subject of growing interest among scientists globally for their utilization in drug delivery. In this work, iron‐based metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) MIL‐100(Fe) were synthesized by ultrasonic method and studied for the loading of the chloroquine phosphate (CQP). The CQP‐release behavior of the material was investigated in water media with various pH solutions of 1.2, 2, 4.5, and phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) at temperatures of 25 °C to 45 °C. MIL‐100(Fe) material had a high surface area of up to 1080 m2/g and could completely release the CQP at a pH of 1.2 after 25 hours. At other pH conditions, the drug exhibited an initial rapid release, followed by a gradual slowdown, ultimately achieving complete release after 96 hours. The maximal loading capacity for the CQP by the MIL‐100(Fe) was determined to be approximately 30 % at the pH solution of 2 (stomach environment). The findings from the activity assessment against the K1 malaria parasite strain (P. falciparum) indicated that the concentration at which the active ingredient, when carried by the material, exhibited inhibition was 193 nM/L. The evaluation outcomes for acute toxicity of the drug carrier material revealed an LD50 value exceeding 5000 mg/kg (equivalent to 1500 mg of CQP base). In contrast, when using the active substance alone, acute toxicity resulted in an LD50 value of 675 mg/kg.
Spiral‐Locking Strategy for Efficient Narrowband Multiple Resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters
Authors: Li Hao‐Ze , Xie Feng‐Ming , Bai Jue‐Yao , Zhang Kai , Shi Hao‐Nan , Liu Jun‐Yu , Li Xin , Tang Jian‐Xin , Li Yan‐Qing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMultiple resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) materials are applied in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) due to their high efficiency and color purity. However, the inherent planar structure of MR emitters presents significant challenges, including concentration‐induced emission quenching, spectral redshift and broadening. To address these issues, two orthorhombic asymmetric conformational materials, SBNO and SBNOS, have been developed. Both MR‐TADF emitters incorporate a sterically hindered spiro‐carbon bridge to minimize intermolecular chromophore interactions. Consequently, the spectra of the SBNOS‐based devices exhibit only a 4 nm redshift and a 7 nm broadening of the full‐width at half maximum (FWHM) across a doping ratio range of 1–100 wt%. The steric effect produces pure green OLEDs with a CIE y of 0.69 and enhances performance, achieving a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of up to 32.7%. The referent BNO without spiro skeleton suffers from serious spectral redshift and broadening as well as a lower device efficiency. This research demonstrates a promising approach to developing MR‐TADF devices that resist redshift and broadening while maintaining high color purity and efficiency.
Humidity‐Induced Degradation Mapping of Pt3Co ORR Catalyst for PEFC by In‐Operando Electrochemistry and Ex Situ SAXS
Authors: Edjokola Joel Mata , Bogar Marco , Grandi Maximillian , Taccani Rodolfo , Amenitsch Heinz , Marinšek Marjan , Hacker Viktor , Bodner Merit 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the degradation mechanisms of Pt‐alloy catalysts is crucial for enhancing their durability. This study investigates the impact of relative humidity on Pt and Pt3Co catalysts using potential‐cycling‐based accelerated stress tests. Two conditions are investigated: 100% relative humidity on both sides, and a gradient with 30% at the anode and over 100% at the cathode. Pt3Co demonstrates sensitivity, with 77% performance loss and reductions in electrocatalyst surface area. Results demonstrate a 30% decrease in potential loss for Pt catalysts and a 77% increase for Pt3Co catalysts, indicating significant performance degradation in high humidity conditions, with Pt3Co exhibiting greater sensitivity. Measurements of electrochemically active surface area reinforce these findings. Resistance analysis using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy using equivalent circuit modeling reveals a threefold increase in Pt3Co MEAs' cathode charge transfer resistance and mass transport resistance during accelerated stress tests. Local current distribution analysis highlights differences between Pt catalyst and Pt3Co, with the latter displaying dealloying effects. Small‐angle X‐ray scattering reveals changes in particle and cluster sizes, indicating structural changes. Scanning electron microscopy highlights catalyst and membrane thickness variations, suggesting heterogeneity in Pt3Co. Under humidity gradients, Ostwald ripening plays a significant role in altering the catalyst's Pt3Co structure and subsequently impacting its performance.
Impact of organic matter constituents on phosphorus recovery from CPR sludges
Authors: Alnimer Aseel A. , Smith D. Scott , Parker Wayne J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study evaluated the influence of organic matter (OM) constituents on the potential for recovery of P from wastewaters when FeCl3 treatment is employed for P removal. The presence of OM constituents did not influence P release from Fe‐P sludges when alkaline and ascorbic acid treatments were employed. However, the overall recovery of P from wastewater was impacted by the presence of selected OM constituents through the reduction of P uptake during coagulation. The presence of protein and humic matter showed remarkably low P removal values (3.0 ± 0.4% and 23 ± 1% respectively) when compared to an inorganic control recipe (62 ± 2%). Elevated soluble Fe (SFe) residuals in the presence of proteins (87 ± 5%) and humics (51 ± 1%) indicated interactions between Fe(III) cations and negatively charged functional groups like hydroxyl, carboxyl, and phenolic groups available in these organics. Significant negative correlations between P removal and residual SFe were observed suggesting Fe solubilization by OM constituents was the mechanism responsible for reduced P removal. The findings of this study identify, for the first time, the impact of OM constituents on overall P recovery when Fe(III) salts are employed and provide insights into recoveries that can be expected when Fe is added to primary, secondary treated, and industrial wastewaters.Practitioner Points
Low P removal values were observed for protein and humic dominated wastewater recipes.
Iron(III) solubilization counted for P removal reduction by proteins and humic acids.
There is no effect of OM on P release from Fe‐P sludge at pH 10 and ascorbic acid treatments.
OM and agent employed to release P from sludges affected overall recovery of P.
The Impact of Neurological Disorders on Handwriting: Implications for Forensic Document Examination
Authors: Bansal Hansi , Mishra Swati Dubey , Singhal Muskan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTHandwriting analysis is a valuable tool in forensic document examination, but the interpretation of observed findings can be complicated when individuals with neurological disorders are involved. The process of handwriting necessitates complex neuro‐muscular synchronization, which requires a much more intricate connection between the brain, muscles, and nerves than simply placing pen to paper. People with neurological illnesses, including Parkinson disease, Multiple System Atrophy, Alzheimer disease, and so on, may have trouble writing by hand. These illnesses can impair writing abilities physically and cognitively, resulting in inconsistencies or erratic handwriting that may be challenging to decipher. Because these illnesses impact a person's handwriting, it becomes challenging for document examiners to make an opinion about the handwriting of the author. A literature search was performed using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases to analyze the association between neurological disorders and handwriting and their implications for handwriting analysis. This review article explores the effects of neurological disorders on handwriting. It emphasizes the importance of examining and analyzing handwriting impacted by these illnesses with care and knowledge. Document examiners, forensic professionals, and investigators must comprehend these challenges brought on by neurological illnesses. In forensic settings, specialized training, expertise, and suitable forensic handwriting examination methods (collection, analysis, interpretation, and reporting) should be adopted effectively in cases that involve people suffering from neurological disorders. This review majorly focuses on the analysis and interpretation stage of the forensic handwriting examination.
Versatile Approaches of Quantum Dots in Biosensing and Imaging
Authors: Dkhar Daphika S. , Kumari Rohini , Patel Vinay , Srivastava Ananya , Prasad Rajendra , Srivastava Rohit , Chandra Pranjal 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCancer is considered a formidable global health threat, despite substantial strides in diagnosis, detection, and therapeutic strategies. Remarkable progress has been achieved in these realms, yet the survival rates for cancer patients have persisted at suboptimal levels over decades. Acknowledging the need to address the ongoing challenges in cancer survival rates, research efforts are being made to push the boundaries of innovation in diagnostic techniques, bioimaging, and drug delivery technologies. Over the past few years, nano(bio)technology‐based approaches have been applied for biosensing and imaging applications to detect biochemical substances in various matrices. Among various nanoengineered particulates, quantum dots (QDs) have been recognized as versatile agents for these applications. QDs, often called artificial atoms, are characterized by the remarkable optical and electrical features which are essential for cytosensing, localized bioimaging and therapeutics. Here in this review, we have discussed various QDs as sensitive and selective agents for precise sensing and imaging of cancer cells. Both electrochemical and optical approaches have been used to describe the cytosensing detection methods. Furthermore, the bioimaging of malignant tumor cells and the drug delivery with therapeutic responses of QDs have also been highlighted. This review also lists the several kinds of QDs that are frequently used for such kinds of applications, such as carbon, graphene, zinc, and other types of hybrid‐based QDs. Finally, to shed insight on prospective research, the advantages and potential of QDs are also highlighted. In this article, we also emphasize the limitations and address the difficulties associated with QDs in clinical applications in order to provide insights for potential solutions.
Determination of trace uranium concentrations in spent‐fuel reprocessing using online graphite crystal pre‐diffraction energy‐dispersive x‐ray fluorescence
Authors: Fang Yingtong , Zhang Zhaoqing , Hou Liudong , Wang Zhiqiang , Zhao Yaping , Liu Quanwei , Liu Siwei , Chang Xianlong , Qin Yongquan , Ma Jing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAn online graphite crystal pre‐diffraction x‐ray fluorescence technique was developed for accurate real‐time detection of trace uranium concentrations in spent‐fuel reprocessing streams. Online analysis for determining uranium concentrations was established. The device was equipped with measurement windows in both the flow cell and a side wall of the glove box. X‐ray tubes and detectors were arranged outside the glove box, and the process stream flowing through the flow cell was measured through the measurement window. A cylindrical highly oriented pyrolytic graphite crystal was located in front of the detector to improve detection efficiency and to provide monochromatic uranium‐characteristic x‐rays. At the same time, the device could perform remote online automatic calibration. The uranium detection limit in a kerosene solution was 0.08 mg/L, and the quantitative limit was 0.27 mg/L. The detection limit in a nitric acid solution was 0.11 mg/L, and the quantitative limit was 0.37 mg/L. The relative standard deviation of measuring 0.5 mg/L uranium was less than 10%, which greatly improved online monitoring of trace uranium in spent‐fuel reprocessing samples.
Introduction
Authors: Hancock Philip , Tyler Melissa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this introductory chapter, the scene is set by briefly outlining the background of our research concerning the nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the impact of those state interventions taken to contain its spread, on the work and experiences of live performers in the UK. The chapter explains both the content of the book, chapter by chapter, and the empirical, conceptual, and policy-directed contributions the research makes to ongoing debates about precarious work in the UK’s cultural and creative sector.
Remark on the Local Well-Posedness of Compressible Non-Newtonian Fluids with Initial Vacuum
Authors: Al Baba Hind , Al Taki Bilal , Hussein Amru 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe discuss in this short note the local-in-time strong well-posedness of the compressible Navier–Stokes system for non-Newtonian fluids on the three dimensional torus. We show that the result established recently by Kalousek, Mácha, and Nečasova in https://doi.org/10.1007/s00208-021-02301-8 can be extended to the case where vanishing density is allowed initially. Our proof builds on the framework developed by Cho, Choe, and Kim in https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpur.2003.11.004 for compressible Navier–Stokes equations in the case of Newtonian fluids. To adapt their method, special attention is given to the elliptic regularity of a challenging nonlinear elliptic system. We show particular results in this direction, however, the main result of this paper is proven in the general case when elliptic $$W^{2,p}$$

W

2
,
p

-regularity is imposed as an assumption. Also, we give a finite time blow-up criterion.
Influence of the Depth of Shallow Workings on the Probability of Sinkhole Formation and Determination of the Contribution of Mines to the Resulting Risk
Authors: Strzałkowski Piotr 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a broad spectrum of factors that have an impact on the environment once underground mines have been closed, with particular emphasis on hard coal mines. Based on the review of scientific literature and own experience, several types of environmental impacts of closed mines were specified. In the author’s opinion, sinkholes pose the most serious hazard to post-mining areas. A high degree of urbanisation of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin and a wide range of mining operations conducted in the past necessitate the post-mining areas development for construction purposes. However, investing in these areas cannot carry risks and pose a threat to public safety. Therefore, a simplified method of determining the probability of sinkhole formation depending on the depth of a shallow void (excavation) in the rock mass was proposed. An algorithm has also been proposed for determining the contribution of individual mining companies to causing sinkhole hazard, which is of great importance in legal proceedings.
Extension Theorem for Simultaneous q-Difference Equations and Some Its Consequences
Authors: Jarczyk Witold , Pasteczka Paweł 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGiven a set $$T \subset (0, +\infty )$$

T
⊂
(
0
,
+
∞
)

, intervals $$I\subset (0, +\infty )$$

I
⊂
(
0
,
+
∞
)

and $$J\subset \mathbb {R}$$

J
⊂
R

, as well as functions $$g_t:I\times J\rightarrow J$$

g
t

:
I
×
J
→
J

with t’s running through the set $$\begin{aligned} T^{*}:=T \cup \big \{t^{-1}:t \in T\big \}\cup \{1\} \end{aligned}$$

T

∗

:
=
T
∪

{

t

-
1

:
t
∈
T

}

∪

{
1
}

we study the simultaneous q-difference equations $$ \varphi (tx)=g_t\left( x,\varphi (x)\right) , \qquad t \in T^{*}, $$

φ

(
t
x
)

=

g
t

x
,
φ
(
x
)

,

t
∈

T

∗

,

postulated for $$x \in I\cap t^{-1}I$$

x
∈
I
∩

t

-
1

I

; here the unknown function $$\varphi $$
φ
is assumed to map I into J. We prove an Extension theorem stating that if a solution $$\varphi $$
φ
is continuous [analytic] on a nontrivial subinterval of I, then it is continuous [analytic] provided $$g_t, t \in T^{*}$$

g
t

,
t
∈

T

∗

, are continuous [analytic]. The crucial assumption of the Extension theorem is formulated with the help of the so-called limit ratio $$R_T$$

R
T

which is a uniquely determined number from $$[1,+\infty ]$$

[
1
,
+
∞
]

, characterising some density property of the set $$T^{*}$$

T

∗

. As an application of the Extension theorem we find the form of all continuous on a subinterval of I solutions $$\varphi :I \rightarrow \mathbb {R}$$

φ
:
I
→
R

of the simultaneous equations $$ \varphi (tx)=\varphi (x)+c(t)x^p, \qquad t\in T, $$

φ

(
t
x
)

=
φ

(
x
)

+
c

(
t
)

x
p

,

t
∈
T
,

where $$c:T\rightarrow \mathbb {R}$$

c
:
T
→
R

is an arbitrary function, p is a given real number and $$\sup I > R_T \inf I$$

sup
I
>

R
T

inf
I

.
The Hadwiger Theorem on Convex Functions, I
Authors: Colesanti Andrea , Ludwig Monika , Mussnig Fabian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA complete classification of all continuous, epi-translation and rotation invariant valuations on the space of super-coercive convex functions on${\mathbb{R}}^{n}$is established. The valuations obtained are functional versions of the classical intrinsic volumes. For their definition, singular Hessian valuations are introduced.
Identifikation psychosozial belasteter Familien in pädiatrischen Praxen
Authors: Schlett Christian , Metzner Gloria , Höhn Cindy , Giesler Jürgen M. , Barth Michael , Kaier Klaus , van Staa Juliane , Horstmann Sabine , Jünemann Susanne , Siebolds Marcus , Renner Ilona , Glattacker Manuela 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
In Deutschland lebt ca. ein Fünftel der Familien mit kleinen Kindern unter psychosozial belastenden Bedingungen, die die gesunde Entwicklung des Kindes gefährden können. Um die Vermittlung dieser Familien aus der kinderärztlichen Praxis in Angebote der Frühen Hilfen zu verbessern, wurde die PATH-Intervention entwickelt und in Baden-Württemberg implementiert. Ein erster Schritt im Prozess der Vermittlung ist die Identifikation von psychosozial belasteten Familien. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wurde geprüft, ob die PATH-Intervention den Anteil belasteter Familien, die von Praxispädiater*innen als belastet identifiziert werden, erhöht.

Methode
In einer quasiexperimentellen Studie wurden 293 psychosozial belastete Familien untersucht, die von 29 Praxispädiater*innen betreut wurden. Die Interventionsgruppe (IG) waren Familien mit Praxispädiater*innen aus Baden-Württemberg, die an der PATH-Intervention teilgenommen hatten. Die Kontrollgruppe (KG) waren Familien mit Praxispädiater*innen aus Bayern, die nicht an der PATH-Intervention teilgenommen hatten. Mit 10 Praxispädiater*innen der IG und 20 psychosozial belasteten Familien der IG wurden zusätzlich qualitative Telefoninterviews geführt.

Ergebnisse
In der IG wurde ein signifikant höherer Anteil der psychosozial belasteten Familien identifiziert als in der KG. Der Unterschied betrug etwa 20 Prozentpunkte und war unabhängig davon, wie viele Belastungen die Familien aufwiesen.

Diskussion
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die PATH-Intervention die Identifikation von psychosozial belasteten Familien durch Praxispädiater*innen verbessert. Diese verbesserte Identifikation ist eine wichtige Voraussetzung für eine Vermittlung der Familien in passgenaue Unterstützungsangebote wie die der Frühen Hilfen.
Towards trustworthy medical AI ecosystems – a proposal for supporting responsible innovation practices in AI-based medical innovation
Authors: Herzog Christian , Blank Sabrina , Stahl Bernd Carsten 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this article, we explore questions about the culture of trustworthy artificial intelligence (AI) through the lens of ecosystems. We draw on the European Commission’s Guidelines for Trustworthy AI and its philosophical underpinnings. Based on the latter, the trustworthiness of an AI ecosystem can be conceived of as being grounded by both the so-called rational-choice and motivation-attributing accounts—i.e., trusting is rational because solution providers deliver expected services reliably, while trust also involves resigning control by attributing one’s motivation, and hence, goals, onto another entity. Our research question is: What aspects contribute to a responsible AI ecosystem that can promote justifiable trustworthiness in a healthcare environment? We argue that especially within devising governance and support aspects of a medical AI ecosystem, considering the so-called motivation-attributing account of trust provides fruitful pointers. There can and should be specific ways and governance structures supporting and nurturing trustworthiness beyond mere reliability. After compiling a list of preliminary requirements for this, we describe the emergence of one particular medical AI ecosystem and assess its compliance with and future ways of improving its functioning as a responsible AI ecosystem that promotes trustworthiness.
Synthesis and characterization of core–shell magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer nanocomposites for the detection of interleukin-6
Authors: Radfar Rahil , Akin Eda , Sehit Ekin , Moldovean-Cioroianu Nastasia Sanda , Wolff Niklas , Marquant Rodrigue , Haupt Karsten , Kienle Lorenz , Altintas Zeynep 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInterleukin-6 (IL-6) belongs to the cytokine family and plays a vital role in regulating immune response, bone maintenance, body temperature adjustment, and cell growth. The overexpression of IL-6 can indicate various health complications, such as anastomotic leakage, cancer, and chronic diseases. Therefore, the availability of highly sensitive and specific biosensing platforms for IL-6 detection is critical. In this study, for the first time, epitope-mediated IL-6-specific magnetic molecularly imprinted core–shell structures with fluorescent properties were synthesized using a three-step protocol, namely, magnetic nanoparticle functionalization, polymerization, and template removal following thorough optimization studies. The magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) were characterized using dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering (DLS and ELS), revealing a hydrodynamic size of 169.9 nm and zeta potential of +17.1 mV, while Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques showed characteristic peaks of the polymer and fluorescent tag, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) investigations confirmed the successful encapsulation of the magnetic core within the ca. 5-nm-thick polymeric shell. The MMIP-based electrochemical sensing platform achieved a limit of detection of 0.38 pM within a linear detection range of 0.38–380 pM, indicating high affinity (dissociation constant KD = 1.6 pM) for IL-6 protein in 50% diluted serum samples. Moreover, comparative investigations with the non-imprinted control polymer demonstrated an imprinting factor of 4, confirming high selectivity. With multifunctional features, including fluorescence, magnetic properties, and target responsiveness, the synthesized MMIPs hold significant potential for application in various sensor techniques as well as imaging.