bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Interplay: Oral–Gut Microbiome Connection and the Impact of Diet and Nutrition
Authors: Parveen Sameena , Alqahtani Ahmed Shaher , Aljabri Mohammed Y. , Dawood Tazeen , Khan Samar Saeed , Gupta Bharti , Vempalli Swetha , Hassan Ali Abdel-Halim Abdel-Azim , Elamin Nahid Mahmoud Hassan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe intricate interplay between the oral and intestinal microbiota holds increasing fascination within the context of health and nutrition. Serving as the gateway to the gastrointestinal tract, the oral microbiota hosts a diverse array of microbial species that significantly influence well-being or contribute to various diseases. Dysbiosis in the oral microbiota has been linked to conditions such as dental caries, periodontal diseases, and systemic disorders, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, and colorectal cancer. This review aims to comprehend the nuanced relationship between oral and intestinal microbiotas, exploring the pivotal role of diet in developing strategies for wellness promotion and disease prevention. Drawing insights from a myriad of studies encompassing both animals and humans, we examine the implications of microbial dysbiosis and its impact on health. A bibliographic search of 78 scientific articles was conducted across PubMed Central, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and the Saudi digital library from January 2000 to August 2023. Following a rigorous screening process, the full texts of selected articles were critically reviewed to extract relevant information. Articles not meeting the inclusion criteria—specifically focused on oral–intestinal microbiota interaction and diet and nutrition—were meticulously excluded. Diet emerges as a key player in influencing both oral and intestinal microbiotas. Various dietary components, such as fiber, prebiotics, probiotics, and bioactive compounds, have demonstrated significant effects on the diversity and function of microorganisms in these ecosystems. Conversely, diets high in processed foods, added sugars, and saturated fats correlate with dysbiosis and an elevated risk of oral and gastrointestinal diseases. Understanding the intricacies of this interaction is paramount for the development of innovative approaches fostering a balanced oral–gut microbiota axis and improving overall human health. The implications extend to preventive and therapeutic interventions, emphasizing the practical importance of unraveling these complexities for public health and clinical practice. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate relationship between gut and oral microbiota, shedding light on their roles in various diseases, particularly focusing on oral diseases. Key findings are summarized, and implications for future research and clinical practice are discussed. In conclusion, the review underscores the urgent need for special attention to key microbiota in developing targeted interventions for promoting oral and gut health.
Optimization of Image Quality in Pelvis Lymphoscintigraphy SPECT/CT Using Discovery NM/CT 670
Authors: Ghaneh Maryam , Nasseri Shahrokh , Sadeghi Ramin , Zakavi Seyed Rasoul , Vosoughi Habibeh , Mommennezhad Mehdi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Aim A lymphoscintigraphy is a crucial diagnostic tool for visualizing lymph nodes. This scan plays a significant role in determining the treatment and recovery plan for the patients. Due to the small lymph node size, obtaining high-quality images is important to prevent inaccurate results. We aimed to identify the most effective method for enhancing image quality through postprocessing techniques and altering the image reconstruction process.
Methods Two data sets were utilized in this study. First, National Electrical Manufacturers Association body phantom was filled with [99mTc]Tc-pertechnetate and prepared with and without any activity in the background of the body. Second, the images of 50 patients who underwent single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography imaging received [99mTc]Tc-phytate were collected. Discovery 670 GE gamma camera was used for imaging. Preprocessing of all images was performed by Xeleris and 3DSlicer 5.2.2 software was used for quantification. The effect of image reconstruction parameters such as resolution recovery (RR) algorithm, iteration, subsets, cutoff, and power in Butterworth filter, and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of Gaussian filter was assessed. The image quality index was determined based on contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), contrast, and coefficient of variation.
Results The utilization of the RR algorithm showed notable improvements equal to 74, 35, and 38% of CNR, contrast, and noise reduction, respectively. Significant differences were observed in subiteration of 40 to 112 (p-value < 0.05). The alteration of effective parameters in both smoothing filters yielded statistically significant results, leading to enhanced detectability, reduced noise, and improved contrast simultaneously. Optimum results in terms of noise reduction and CNR were achieved with subiteration (i × s) 4 × 12 using a Gaussian filter with FWHM of 4 or Butterworth filter with power of 10 and cutoff of 1. The highest contrast was observed at subiteration 40 using the Butterworth filter with cutoff of 0.5 and power of 5 or Gaussian filter with 2 mm FWHM. Qualitative analysis by two nuclear medicine specialists validated the quantified image quality.
Conclusion The reconstruction setting involving subiteration 48 with the Butterworth filter using cutoff of 1 and power of 10 or 4 mm FWHM of Gaussian filter produced the highest quality images.
Placental Chorioangiomas: A Single Tertiary Center Experience
Authors: Dias Zaneta , Elayedatt Rinshi , Krishnan Vivek 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background Chorioangiomas are benign vascular placental tumors. Although most of them remain small and are asymptomatic, large tumors (>4 cm) may cause maternal or fetal complications.
Methods We report seven cases of chorioangioma over a span of 8 years in a single tertiary center managed either conservatively or with necessary intervention. All cases were followed up and postnatal outcomes were recorded.
Results Six cases were diagnosed in the second trimester and one in the third trimester by ultrasound. Four were managed conservatively, while three of them required prenatal therapy: one interstitial laser and the other two an intrauterine arterial embolization of the feeder vessel. One underwent a rescue intrauterine fetal transfusion before definitive embolization. Conservatively managed patients developed gestational hypertension and growth restriction. They had low birth weight and needed neonatal intensive care. There was one intrauterine demise (IUD) and two healthy neonates in the cases that needed a fetal intervention.
Conclusion The management of chorioangioma is dynamic and challenging, ranging from conservative to prenatal intervention. Treatment failure can result in serious complications adversely affecting pregnancy outcomes. However, regular monitoring by ultrasound and Doppler surveillance with timely interventions can lead to good neonatal and maternal outcomes.
Applicability of alkali beam emission spectroscopy on NSTX-U
Authors: Lampert M. , Anda G. , Asztalos O. , Berkery J. W. , Diallo A. , Stratton B. , Zoletnik S. 
Published: September 2024

Understanding fast pedestal dynamics and turbulent transport in the edge and scrape-off layer (SOL) plasma of spherical tokamaks is crucial for the design and operation of future fusion reactors. The alkali beam emission spectroscopy diagnostic technique offers a means to measure the absolute electron density radial profile and fluctuation amplitude in these regions. In this study, we demonstrate that injecting a sodium neutral beam radially into the plasma and analyzing the light emission from its 3p–3s atomic transition using near-orthogonal viewing angles allows for accurate measurement of the electron density profile and fluctuations in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) Upgrade spherical tokamak. Our findings indicate a peak signal-to-noise ratio of 118 in the pedestal and 12 in the SOL under typical NSTX plasma conditions. The spatial resolution for the electron density profile is estimated to be between 2 and 8 mm, while for fluctuation measurements, it ranges from 12 to 15 mm.
Imaging study of O3 photodissociation in the Huggins band
Authors: Shuber Nicholas J. , Fast Megan E. , North Simon W. 
Published: September 2024

We report a velocity-mapped ion imaging study of the photodissociation of O3 in the Huggins band. The O(3PJ) images show evidence for three electronic channels producing O2(X3Σg−), O2(a1∆g), and O2(b1Σg+) state fragments, with the latter two arising from the spin-forbidden photodissociation of O3. Forward convolution simulations of the derived total translational energy distributions permit extraction of the vibrational state distribution for each O2 electronic state. All these distributions peak near v = 0 and decrease monotonically with the vibrational state. The wavelength-dependent branching of the three electronic channels has been determined and is approximately constant over the wavelength region studied (322–328 nm). We have observed that the O2 electronic state branching ratios depend on the coincident O(3PJ) spin–orbit state, and the O2(b1Σg+) state is particularly sensitive. These results are qualitatively consistent with previous calculations on the coupling of the initially excited state to dissociative states by Rosenwaks and Grebenshchikov [J. Phys. Chem. A. 114, 9809–9819 (2010)]. The spatial anisotropy of the three dissociation channels has been determined through analysis of the O(3P0) angular distributions. The results are consistent with recent calculations but differ from previous experimental reports. The experimental results provide detailed information on the dissociation dynamics and should motivate new calculations.
KSW criterion in large field models
Authors: Janssen Oliver 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We extend the analytic description of complex no-boundary solutions in the context of inflation to large field models. We discuss the Kontsevich–Segal–Witten (KSW) criterion and find it is satisfied in small field models, while in large field models it depends on an integral involving

V

′

(
ϕ
)

over the range of inflation. It follows that although particular models are ruled out, e.g. quadratic inflation, the criterion does not truly constrain inflationary phenomenology since any inflation potential can be completed beyond observable scales so as to satisfy KSW.
Multifunctional 2D MoTe2: Recent developments and future perspectives
Authors: Sunny Fency , C S Chitra Lekha , Kalarikkal Nandakumar , Rout C S , Chakraborthy Brahmananda 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), especially molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2), are an attractive topic in the modern era due to their unique properties. Although research progress on 2D materials has gained a lot of attention due to new synthesis methods and their extraordinary properties compared to their bulk counterparts, there is room for modification for large-scale production and tailoring the output performance in specific applications, such as solar cells, energy storage and conversion devices. Compared to other 2D TMDs, MoTe2 offers a lower band gap, which in turn gives the possibility to replace Si in many applications. This review is an attempt to assemble and encapsulate the physical properties, recent developments in the fabrication of 2D MoTe2 and its different applications in the field of batteries, transistors, energy conversion, solar cells, etc. This review will help to provide a deep insight into the research on MoTe2 for modifying the structure and enhancing the properties of these layered materials.
Fabrication and formation mechanisms of ohmic conducts with low annealing temperature for GaN/AlN superlattice barrier HEMTs
Authors: Li Shanjie , Wu Changtong , Zeng Fanyi , Wu Nengtao , Luo Ling , Cao Ben , Wang Wenliang , Li Guoqiang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This work investigates the Ohmic contact mechanism and low resistance Ohmic contact preparation for GaN-based high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) with GaN/AlN superlattice (SL) barriers. The electrical and microstructural characterization of Ti/Al/Ni/Au contacts shows that the formation of Ohmic contacts primarily depends on the TiN islands formed by Ti diffusion in the barrier layer, which is the main reason for the high contact resistance of GaN/AlN SLs HEMTs under conventional high-temperature annealing. A grid deep-recess technique is proposed to establish direct contact between TiN interfacial layer, the barrier, and the two-dimensional electron gas through the sidewalls. This novel technique achieves an Ohmic contact with a low contact resistance of 0.31 Ω mm at low temperatures (700 °C). Furthermore, increased grid deep-recess density effectively reduces contact resistance due to the additional contribution from the conduction width. It is also noteworthy that after complete removal of the barrier layer, the impact of recess depth on contact characteristics is minimal, greatly reducing the process complexity of grid deep-recess technique. Consequently, GaN/AlN SLs HEMTs fabricated using the grid deep-recess technique exhibit significant improvements in on-resistance, transconductance and saturation current. These results are expected to expand the potential application of GaN/AlN SL barrier layers in radio frequency and power devices.
Tunable interfacial properties of monolayer GeSb2Te4 on metal surfaces
Authors: Li Jiahui , Zhang Chengqi , Wan Xiaoying , Zhang Zhaofu , Wang Qingbo , Wang Hai , Liu Jun , Zhong Hongxia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Atomically thin monolayer (ML)

GeSb
2

Te
4

(GST) holds promising prospects in non-volatile memory applications because of its high non-homogeneous crystallization rate. In GST-based devices, the interaction between GST and metals is crucial, as it affects the electronic properties. Herein, based on first-principles calculations, we investigate the interaction and Schottky barrier height of contacts formed by the combination of ML GST with various metals. It is found that the interfaces of GST with Pt, Pd, Ir and W exhibit strong interaction, characterized by large binding energies ranging from 1.394 to 1.015

eV

, and the interfaces between GST and Cu, Ag and Au display weak interaction. For the seven contacts, Ag and W form Ohmic contacts with ML GST, while Cu, Au, Pd, Ir, and Pt form n-type Schottky contacts, with Schottky barrier heights ranging from 0.029 to 0.353

eV

. The strong Fermi level pinning at GST-metal interface is observed with a pinning factor of 0.378. Additionally, altering the interfacial distance and optimizing the layers of GST enable a transition from Ohmic contact to Schottky contact. These findings provide crucial guidance for the design and optimization of electronic devices based on phase change materials like GST.
Theoretical design and simulation of uncooled PbSe/Ge mid-wavelength infrared avalanche photodetector
Authors: Liu Yun , Su Leisheng , Fu Yu , Luo Yingmin , Yang Yiming , Qiu Jijun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
To comply with SWaP3 specifications in infrared detectors, a novel uncooled mid-wavelength infrared avalanche photodetector (MWIR-APD) architecture based on PbSe/Ge heterojunction was proposed. A maximum high gain of 40.8 was achieved, which is comparable with cooled MWIR-APDs, including HgCdTe, and type II superlattices. The theoretical simulation shows that it is the significant difference in permittivity between PbSe and Ge that results in a sufficient electric field contrast between the absorption and multiplication layers, which facilitates the structural design of this APD. Additionally, a structural parameter limit was established by investigating the variation in the punch-through and breakdown voltages. Furthermore, the decreasing PbSe thickness will improve the device’s gain but at the expense of decreasing frequency response and quantum efficiency. This PbSe/Ge APD architecture provides a new solution for the MWIR detection at room temperature.
Large magnetocrystalline anisotropic energy and its impact on magnetostriction of L10-FePt
Authors: Das Tilak , Nieves Pablo , Legut Dominik 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The origin of magnetocrystalline anisotropic energy (MAE) guided by spin–orbit coupling in the L10-FePt alloy was analyzed. Correlation of MAE with the calculated magnetoelastic constants in the single and polycrystal model was determined by means of first-principles calculations using density functional theory (DFT). More specifically, a systematic analysis of the large MAE and magnetostriction coefficients (λ’s) were done by means of post-processing of eigenvalues (orbital energies) and eigenfunctions (orbital occupancies). Our numerical analysis includes the convolution of the projected wave-function (density of states) of each orbital of the Fe and Pt sub-lattices into their orbital energies, which in principle should be valid for any solid regardless of the strength of the MAE. The determined anisotropic magnetostriction coefficients are of the

λ
∼

10

−
4

–10–3 order for several crystallographic directions; which is in accord to the known experimental data. However, the polycrystalline model based on the uniform stress approximation leads to a decrease of the λ by two orders in the overall magnetostrictive behavior (

λ
∼

10

−
5

). Such a large difference is not unexpected as the magnetostriction for polycrystalline FePt thin films were recorded as very low, thus validating the robustness of the current theoretical proposition of analyzing MAE.
Perspective on the spin field-effect transistor
Authors: Ciorga Mariusz 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The spin field effect transistor (sFET), proposed by Datta and Das (1990 Appl. Phys. Lett.
56 665–7), has long been regarded as a model semiconductor spintronic device, offering potential for new, more energy-efficient functionalities in electronic devices. Here, the overview is given how the pursuit of meeting the requirements for implementing the sFET concept has influenced spintronic research, leading to a greater understanding of spin phenomena in solids and resulting in numerous exciting effects. After looking back, based on the recent developments, the possible future directions of the sFET-related research are described.
Influence of sulfurization process in tin sulfide and sulfur mixed vapors on the morphology of Cu2SnS3 thin films
Authors: Igarashi Yuki , Ohashi Ray , Kanai Ayaka , Tanaka Kunihiko 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Cu2SnS3 (CTS) is expected to be an absorber material for next-generation solar cells because it is composed of nontoxic, low-cost elements and has an absorption coefficient of >104 cm−1. In this study, the effects of sulfurization in tin sulfide (Sn
x
S
y
) and S mixed vapors on various properties of CTS were investigated by using a 3-zone tube furnace to suppress carrier recombination at the grain boundaries and control the composition of the CTS. The CTS deposited via sulfurization in S vapor only (1-zone CTS) contained different monoclinic and tetragonal CTS structures. The grain size of the CTS thin films deposited via sulfurization in Sn
x
S
y
and S mixed vapors was not increased. On the other hand, crystal structure analysis revealed that the CTS had grown to single-phase monoclinic CTS. The results suggest that precipitation in Sn
x
S
y
and S mixed vapors contributes to the growth of monoclinic CTS with suitable power-generation characteristics. This finding is important for realizing high-efficiency CTS-based solar cells.
Chaotic band-gap modulation mechanism for nonlinear vibration isolation systems based on time-delay feedback control
Authors: Zhang Yongyan , Liu Qinglong , Wu Jiuhui , Liu Hui , Yang Leipeng , Zhao Zebo , Chen Liming , Chen Tao , Li Suobin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Systems designed for nonlinear vibration isolation that incorporate chaotic states demonstrate superior capabilities in vibration attenuation, adeptly modulating the spectral constituents of vibrational noise. Yet, the challenge of eliciting low-amplitude chaotic dynamics and perpetuating these states across a diverse array of parameters remains formidable. This study proposes a pioneering strategy and technique for modulating the chaos band by incorporating a time-delayed feedback control mechanism within the framework of nonlinear vibration isolation systems.The investigation commences with an exhaustive analysis of the nonlinear dynamics, shedding light on the principles dictating the evolution of chaos. The study then advances to scrutinize the dynamics of systems with delays to elucidate the chaos-inducing processes engendered by feedback with temporal lags. Building upon the system’s responses, the chaotic performance and the effectiveness of the vibration isolation are crafted. Consequently, the time-delayed feedback control parameters are identified as pivotal design variables, which are then employed to dissect the control mechanisms influenced by the time-delayed feedback on the chaos band. Utilizing the delineated control mechanism, the nonlinear vibration isolation system is precipitously transitioned from a state of stable periodicity to one of chaos, fostering low-amplitude chaotic dynamics across an expansive parameter space, and in turn, resolving the previously stated challenge. Perhaps most significantly, the mechanism for attaining low-amplitude chaos introduced here paves the way for innovative methodologies in the active vibration isolation design of similar systems. Furthermore, it is anticipated to yield theoretical guidance for the manipulation of chaos bands and the formulation of active vibration isolation strategies within the domain of nonlinear vibration isolation systems.