bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐Supported Cu‐Based Nanowire Arrays as Noble‐Metal‐Free Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Hou Chun‐Chao , Fu Wen‐Fu , Chen Yong 
Published: July 2016

AbstractCrystalline Cu‐based nanowire arrays (NWAs) including Cu(OH)2, CuO, Cu2O, and CuOx are facilely grown on Cu foil and are found to act as highly efficient, low‐cost, and robust electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Impressively, this noble‐metal‐free 3 D Cu(OH)2‐NWAs/Cu foil electrode shows the highest catalytic activity with a Tafel slope of 86 mV dec−1, an overpotential (η) of about 530 mV at ∼10 mA cm−2 (controlled‐potential electrolysis method without iR correction) and almost 100 % Faradic efficiency, paralleling the performance of the state‐of‐the‐art RuO2 OER catalyst in 0.1 m NaOH solution (pH 12.8). To the best of our knowledge, this work represents one of the best results ever reported on Cu‐based OER systems.
Peripheral blood microvesicles secretion is influenced by storage time, temperature, and anticoagulants
Authors: Wisgrill Lukas , Lamm Christian , Hartmann Julia , Preißing Falk , Dragosits Klaus , Bee Annica , Hell Lena , Thaler Johannes , Ay Cihan , Pabinger Ingrid , Berger Angelika , Spittler Andreas 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMicrovesicles (MVs) are small membrane bound vesicles released from various cell types after activation or apoptosis. In the last decades, MVs received an increased interest as biomarkers in inflammation, coagulation and cancer. However, standardized pre‐analytical steps are crucial for the minimization of artifacts in the MV analysis. Thus, this study evaluated the MV release in whole blood samples under the influence of different anticoagulants, storage time and various temperature conditions. Samples were collected from healthy probands and processed immediately, after 4, 8, 24 and 48 hours at room temperature (RT) or 4°C. To identify MV subpopulations, platelet free plasma (PFP) was stained with Annexin V, calcein AM, CD15, CD41 and CD235a. Analysis was performend on a CytoFLEX flow cytometer. Procoagulatory function of MVs was measured using a phospholipid dependent activity and a tissue factor MVactivity assay. Without prior storage, sodium citrate showed the lowest MV count compared to heparin and EDTA. Interestingly, EDTA showed a significant release of myeloid‐derived MVs (MMVs) compared to sodium citrate. Sodium citrate showed a stable MV count at RT in the first 8 hours after blood collection. Total MV counts increased after 24 hours in sodium citrated or heparinzed blood which was related to all subpopulations. Interestingly, EDTA showed stable platelet‐derived MV (PMV) and erythrocyte‐derived MV (EryMV) count at RT over a 48 h period. In addition, the procoagulatory potential increased significantly after 8‐hour storage. Based on both, this work and literature data, the used anticoagulant, storage time and storage temperature differently influence the analysis of MVs within 8 hours. To date, sodium citrated tubes are recommended for MV enumeration and functional analysis. EDTA tubes might be an option for the clinical routine due to stable PMV and EryMV counts. These new approaches need to be validated in a clinical laboratory setting before being applied to patient studies. © 2016 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Provably secure strong designated verifier signature scheme based on coding theory
Authors: Shooshtari Masoumeh Koochak , Ahmadian‐Attari Mahmoud , Aref Mohammad Reza 
Published: July 2016

SummaryStrong Designated Verifier Signature (SDVS) provides authentication for the signer and the verifier such that the signer is assured that what s/he has signed, is only verified by the designated verifier. Currently, the security of most of the SDVS schemes is based on hard problems in the number theory. As it is proved that all kinds of cryptosystems which are based on the number theory will not tolerate quantum attacks, here, an SDVS scheme based on hard problems in coding theory is presented. We have proved that the suggested scheme is unforgeable under a chosen message attack in Random Oracle Model. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proeating disorder websites and subjective well‐being: A four‐country study on young people
Authors: Turja Tuuli , Oksanen Atte , Kaakinen Markus , Sirola Anu , Kaltiala‐Heino Riittakerttu , Räsänen Pekka 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveProeating disorder (pro‐ED) communities online encourage harmful weight‐loss and weight‐control practices. This study examined the association between exposure to pro‐ED content online and subjective well‐being (SWB) among adolescents and young adults in four countries.MethodCross‐national data were collected in the US, Germany, the UK and Finland from Internet users aged 15–30 years (N = 3,557; 50.15% male). The questionnaire assessed SWB, exposure to harm‐advocating websites, online activity, prior victimization, and social belonging. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models assessed the relationship between SWB and pro‐ED exposure and adjusted for a number of confounding factors.ResultsOf the participants, 17% had been exposed to pro‐ED content (US 20%, Germany 7%, UK 21%, Finland 22%). Exposure to pro‐ED content online was negatively associated with SWB in the US, Germany, and Finland, also after adjusting for the confounding factors. Offline social belonging moderated the association between pro‐ED and SWB.DiscussionParticipants who visited pro‐ED websites reported lower SWB than others did. The potentially harmful impact of visiting these sites was buffered by the strong offline social belonging. Given the observed similarities across the countries, it is important for families, health professionals, and educators to stay abreast of online communities that have possible contra recovery influences and to be able to discuss such Internet contents in a way that increases treatment motivation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2017; 50:50–57)
Children's psychosocial stress and emotional eating: A role for leptin?
Authors: Michels Nathalie , Sioen Isabelle , Ruige Johannes , De Henauw Stefaan 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTObjective: Psychosocial stress can be a health threat by stimulating unhealthier eating behaviors. We aim to test the role of the hormone leptin in the association between stress and diet/emotional eating as detected in primary school children.Method: In a two‐wave longitudinal study with 308 Belgian children (5‐12y) in 2010‐2012, the association of fasting serum leptin with reported stress (negative events and emotional problems), measured stress by salivary cortisol (overall cortisol output and awakening response), emotional eating and food consumption frequency was examined. Analyses were split by sex. Mediation and moderation by leptin change were tested.Results: One stress marker (overall cortisol output) was significantly correlated with high leptin levels, but only in girls and cross‐sectionally. Only in boys, leptin was associated with low emotional eating. Leptin was not a significant predictor of unhealthy food consumption. Leptin change was not a mediator but an enhancing moderator in the link between stress (high cortisol output and emotional problems) and emotional eating in girls: high reports of emotional eating in 2012 were present in the case of combined high 2‐year leptin increase and high stress at baseline.Discussion: Stress (represented by emotional problems and high daily cortisol) seems to lead to hyperleptinemia in girls; and the combination of high stress and hyperleptinemia might make girls more vulnerable to stress‐induced eating. No functional data on leptin sensitivity were present, but results might suggest that stress induces lower sensitivity to the anorexigenic leptin activity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.(Int J Eat Disord 2017; 50:471–480)
Electrochemical Signal Tracing by Glucose Oxidase and Ferrocene Dually Functionalized Gold Nanoprobe for Ultrasensitive Immunoassay
Authors: Liu Shun , Zhou Juan , Li Huan , Yin Cuiying , Lai Guosong 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA glucose oxidase (GOD) and ferrocene (Fc) dually functionalized gold nanoprobe was simply prepared for electrochemical immunoassay. By combination with sandwich immunoreaction at a carbon nanotube (CNT)‐based immunosensor and signal tracing of the nanoprobe through the Fc‐mediated GOD‐catalytic reaction, a new electrochemical immunoassay method was successfully developed. Both the multi‐enzyme signal amplification of the nanoprobe and the electron transfer promotion of the CNTs modified on the immunosensor greatly enhanced the signal response. Thus this method showed excellent analytical performance including ultrahigh sensitivity, wide linear range as well as good specificity, reproducibility, stability and reliability for human IgG measurement.
In‐plane and out‐of‐plane behavior of confined masonry walls for various toothing and openings details and prediction of their strength and stiffness
Authors: Singhal Vaibhav , Rai Durgesh C. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryEight half‐scale brick masonry walls were tested to study two important aspects of confined masonry (CM) walls related to its seismic behavior under in‐plane and out‐of‐plane loads. Four solid wall specimens tested to investigate the role of type of interface between the masonry and tie‐columns, such as toothing varying from none to every course. The other four specimens with openings were tested to study the effectiveness of various strengthening options around opening to mitigate their negative influence. In the set of four walls, one wall was infilled frame while the other three were CM walls of different configurations. The experimental results were further used to determine the accuracy of various existing models in predicting the in‐plane response quantities of CM walls.Confined masonry walls maintained structural integrity even when severely damaged and performed much better than infill frames. No significant effect of toothing details was noticed although toothing at every brick course was preferred for better post‐peak response. For perforated walls, provision of vertical elements along with continuous horizontal bands around openings was more effective in improving the overall response. Several empirical and semi‐empirical equations are available to estimate the lateral strength and stiffness of CM walls, but those including the contribution of longitudinal reinforcement in tie‐columns provided better predictions. The available equations along with reduction factors proposed for infills could not provide good estimates of strength and stiffness for perforated CM walls. However, recently proposed relations correlating strength/stiffness with the degree of confinement provided reasonable predictions for all wall specimens. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using bald eagles to track spatial (1999–2008) and temporal (1987–1992, 1999–2003, and 2004–2008) trends of contaminants in Michigan's aquatic ecosystems
Authors: Wierda Michael R. , Leith Katherine F. , Roe Amy S. , Grubb Teryl G. , Sikarskie James G. , Best David A. , Pittman H. Tyler , Fuentes Latice , Simon Kendall L. , Bowerman William 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

The bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) is an extensively researched tertiary predator. Studies have delineated information about its life history and the influences of various stressors on its reproduction. Due to the bald eagle's position at the top of the food web, it is susceptible to biomagnification of xenobiotics. The Michigan Department of Environmental Quality implemented a program in 1999 to monitor persistent chemicals including polychlorinated biphenols (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDE). The objectives of the present study were to evaluate spatial and temporal trends of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in nestling bald eagles of Michigan. The authors' study found that concentrations of PCBs and DDE were higher in Great Lakes areas with Lakes Michigan and Lake Huron having the highest concentrations of DDE and Lake Erie having the highest concentrations of PCBs. Temporally (1987–1992, 1999–2003, and 2004–2008) the present study found declines in PCB and DDE concentrations with a few exceptions. Continued monitoring of Michigan bald eagle populations is suggested for a couple of reasons. First, nestling blood contaminant levels are an appropriate method to monitor ecosystem contaminant levels. Second, from 1999 to 2008 PCB and DDE concentrations for 30% and 40%, respectively, of the nestling eagles sampled were above the no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) for bald eagles. Lastly, with the continued development and deployment of new chemistries a continuous long term monitoring program is an invaluable resource. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1995–2002. © 2016 SETAC
Effects of multiwalled carbon nanotubes on the bioavailability and toxicity of diphenhydramine to Pimephales promelas in sediment exposures
Authors: Myer Mark H. , Henderson W. Matthew , Black Marsha C. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and pharmaceutical compounds are classified by the US Environmental Protection Agency as contaminants of emerging concern, with significant research devoted to determining their potential environmental and toxicological effects. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes are known to have a high adsorptive capacity for organic contaminants, leading to potential uses in water remediation; however, there is concern that co-exposure with MWCNTs may alter the bioavailability of organic compounds. Existing studies investigating MWCNT/organic contaminant co-exposures have shown conflicting results, and no study to date has examined the combined effects of MWCNTs and a common pharmaceutical. In the present study, juvenile fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed to sublethal concentrations of the over-the-counter antihistamine diphenhydramine (DPH) in the presence of natural sediment for 10 d, with some treatment groups receiving MWCNTs. Addition of MWCNTs did not have a protective effect on DPH-related growth inhibition, and did not reduce the whole-body burden of DPH in exposed fish. Mass-balance calculations indicated that significant amounts of DPH were adsorbed to MWCNTs, and DPH concentrations in water and sediment were commensurately reduced. Bioconcentration factor and biota-sediment accumulation factor increased in the presence of MWCNTs, indicating that P. promelas accumulates DPH adsorbed to MWCNTs in sediment, likely by co-ingestion of MWCNTs during feeding from the sediment surface. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:320–328. © 2016 SETAC
First identification and quantification of glutathionylated and cysteinylated precursors of 3‐mercaptohexan‐1‐ol and 4‐methyl‐4‐mercaptopentan‐2‐one in hops (Humulus lupulus)
Authors: Roland Aurélie , Viel Clément , Reillon Florence , Delpech Stéphane , Boivin Patrick , Schneider Rémi , Dagan Laurent 
Published: July 2016

AbstractSince ten years, many studies conducted on beers showed an important impact of polyfunctionnal thiols of the aroma profiles. Among them, three thiols responsible for blackcurrant bud, passion fruit, citrus and rhubarb notes have been intensively studied: the 4‐methyl‐4‐mercaptopentan‐2‐one (4MMP), the 3‐mercaptohexan‐1‐ol (3MH) and its corresponding acetate. Their origin was very complex in beers since they probably came from odourless precursors present either in hops or in malts. Our work focused on the formal identification of thiol precursors in hops and on their quantification. By using pure synthetic standards and mass spectrometry characterization, we formally identified for the first time the occurrence of glutathionylated conjugates of 4MMP and 3MH and the cysteinylated conjugate of 4MMP in hops. First quantification results obtained on 10 hop varieties, showed that 3MH conjugates were more ubiquitous than 4MMP ones. Conjugates of 3MH occurred at very high level until 20 mg kg‐1 in Cascade hop, which was considerably higher than concentrations found in grapes. Then, we compared the proportion of bound and free thiol fractions and we demonstrated that more than 99 % of 3MH occurred as precursors in hops. On the contrary, free 4MMP fraction represented the most important source of 4MMP in hops. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A rotating reference frame‐based lattice Boltzmann flux solver for simulation of turbomachinery flows
Authors: Zhou Di , Lu Zhiliang , Guo Tongqing 
Published: July 2016

SummaryIn this paper, the newly developed lattice Boltzmann flux solver (LBFS) is developed into a version in the rotating frame of reference for simulation of turbomachinery flows. LBFS is a finite volume solver for the solution of macroscopic governing differential equations. Unlike conventional upwind or Godunov‐type flux solvers which are constructed by considering the mathematical properties of Euler equations, it evaluates numerical fluxes at the cell interface by reconstructing local solution of lattice Boltzmann equation (LBE). In other words, the numerical fluxes are physically determined rather than by some mathematical approximation. The LBE is herein expressed in a relative frame of reference in order to correctly recover the macroscopic equations, which is also the basis of LBFS. To solve the LBE, an appropriate lattice Boltzmann model needs to be established in advance. This includes both the determinations of the discrete velocity model and its associated equilibrium distribution functions. Particularly, a simple and effective D1Q4 model is adopted, and the equilibrium distribution functions could be efficiently obtained by using the direct method. The present LBFS is validated by several inviscid and viscous test cases. The numerical results demonstrate that it could be well applied to typical and complex turbomachinery flows with favorable accuracy. It is also shown that LBFS has a delicate dissipation mechanism and is thus free of some artificial fixes, which are often needed in conventional schemes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preface: Earth system evolution of the Pacific and Indian oceans and the South China Sea
Authors: Li Sanzhong , Li Guangxue , Liu Xin , Somerville Ian 
Published: July 2016

AbstractEarth system includes Earth's surface system and deep Earth system. This Special Issue tries to establish a link between these two systems. It contains 46 contributions on Earth system evolution of the Pacific and Indian oceans and the South China Sea. The themes cover the relationship of ocean to continent, tectonic jumping, morphotectonics in the continental margin, back‐arc basin formation, formation of transform faults, subduction retreat, hot and cold subduction, actions of typhoons, plume‐tail‐related hydrothermal activity, sediment transportation and dynamics and others. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multimorbidity is associated with anxiety in older adults in the Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Gould Christine E. , O'Hara Ruth , Goldstein Mary K. , Beaudreau Sherry A. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectivesThe present study determined whether the number of medical conditions was associated with increased occurrence of anxiety and whether triads of medical conditions were associated with anxiety in a nationally representative sample of older Americans. We determined whether multimorbidity findings were unique to anxiety as compared with depressive symptoms.MethodsA sample of 4219 participants (65 years or older) completed anxiety and depression measures in the Health and Retirement Study 2006 wave. The logistic regression models' outcome was elevated anxiety (≥12 on five‐item Beck Anxiety Inventory) or depressive symptoms (≥12 on eight‐item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale). The predictor variable was a tally of seven self‐report of doctor‐diagnosed conditions: arthritis, cancer, diabetes, heart conditions, high blood pressure, lung disease, and stroke. Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, and depressive or anxiety symptoms. Associations among elevated anxiety or depressive symptoms and 35 triads of medical conditions were examined using Bonferroni corrected chi‐square analyses.ResultsThree or more medical conditions conferred a 2.30‐fold increase in elevated anxiety (95% confidence interval: 1.44–4.01). Twenty triads were associated with elevated anxiety as compared with 13 associated with depressive symptoms. Six of seven medical conditions, with the exception being stroke, were present in the majority of triads.ConclusionNumber of medical conditions and specific conditions are associated with increased occurrence of elevated anxiety. Compared with elevated depressive symptoms, anxiety is associated with greater multimorbidity. As anxiety and depression cause significant morbidity, it may be beneficial to consider these mental health symptoms when evaluating older adults with multimorbidity. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA
Weak and Strong Cross‐Sectional Dependence: A Panel Data Analysis of International Technology Diffusion
Authors: Ertur Cem , Musolesi Antonio 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThis paper provides an econometric examination of technological knowledge spillovers among countries by focusing on the issue of error cross‐sectional dependence, particularly on the different ways—weak and strong—that this dependence may affect model specification and estimation. A preliminary analysis based on estimation of the exponent of cross‐sectional dependence provides a clear result in favor of strong cross‐sectional dependence. This result has relevant implications in terms of econometric modeling and suggests that a factor structure is preferable to a spatial error model. The common correlated effects approach is then used because it remains valid in a variety of situations that are likely to occur, such as the presence of both forms of dependence or the existence of nonstationary factors. According to the estimation results, richer countries benefit more from domestic R&D and geographic spillovers than poorer countries, while smaller countries benefit more from spillovers originating from trade. The results also suggest that when the problem of (possibly many) correlated unobserved factors is addressed the quantity of education no longer has a significant effect. Finally, a comparison of the results with those obtained from a spatial model provides interesting insights into the bias that may arise when we allow only for weak dependence, despite the presence of strong dependence in the data. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Oncolytic vaccinia virus inhibits human hepatocellular carcinoma MHCC97‐H cell proliferation via endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy and Wnt pathways
Authors: Jia Xiaoyuan , Chen Yongyi , Zhao Xin , Lv Chunwei , Yan Jie 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly lethal malignancy. Vaccinia virus (VV) possessed many inherent advantages with respect to being engineered as a vector for cancer gene therapy, although the mechanism of action remains to be explored further.MethodsWe constructed a thymidine kinase gene insertional inactivated VV, named VV‐Onco, and then tested its effects on cell viability, apoptosis and colony formation ability in a highly metastatic human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line MHCC97‐H, and also investigated the potential cell signal pathways involved in this action.ResultsVV‐Onco induced strong cytotoxicity and apoptosis and also inhibited the colony formation of MHCC97‐H cells. The tumor cell apoptosis induced by VV‐Onco is likely mediated via endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy and Wnt signaling pathways. The downregulation of survivin and c‐Myc may also play a role in VV‐Onco induced cell death.ConclusionsThe results of the present study provide new insights into the mechanisms of VV‐induced tumor cell death. The engineered recombinant VV containing optimized therapeutic transgenes may represent a new avenue for cancer gene therapy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.