bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metallacrowns as Templates for Diabolo‐like {LnCu8} Complexes with Nearly Perfect Square Antiprismatic Geometry
Authors: Zhou Guo‐Jun , Han Tian , Ding You‐Song , Chilton Nicholas F. , Zheng Yan‐Zhen 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA series of diabolo‐like nonanuclear {LnIIICuII8} (Ln=Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Y) clusters were prepared in which the LnIII ion is capped by two 8‐MC‐4 metallacrown ligands to form a nearly ideal square antiprismatic (SAP) coordination geometry with D4d symmetry. Despite the lack of crystallographic symmetry, these molecules engender the lanthanide ions with highly axial mJ states. The axial/equatorial nature of the crystal field in environments close to ideal SAP geometry is very subtle and influenced by the nature of the ligand lone pairs. Slow magnetic relaxation behaviour was observed for the DyIII, ErIII, TmIII, and YbIII analogues, and the obtained effective energy barriers are not consistent with excitations on the LnIII ion, suggesting a more nuanced situation.
From Five to Seven: Ring Expansion of Monoazadiene Titanium Complexes by Insertion of Aldehydes, Ketones and Nitriles
Authors: Manßen Manfred , Kahrs Christoph , Töben Iris , Bölte Jens‐Henning , Schmidtmann Marc , Beckhaus Rüdiger 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe ring enlargement reactions at ambient temperatures of non C‐terminus substituted monoazabutadiene (η4−RN=CHCH=CH2) titanium complexes 2 are investigated. The insertion of aldehydes/ketones (five examples) and nitriles (four examples) into the Ti−C bonds result in expansion of the five‐membered rings to uncommon seven‐membered titanacycles 3 and 4 in good yields. These new compounds are fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. In subsequent reactions, the seven‐membered ring systems are protolyzed and the released organic fragments are isolated. Whereas the aldehyde/ketone insertion products 3 form substituted δ‐amino alcohols 5 after reduction with NaBH3CN, the nitrile insertion products 4 form substituted pyrroles 6 via cyclization.
Neurocognitive, psychosocial, and quality‐of‐life outcomes in adult survivors of childhood non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Ehrhardt Matthew J. , Mulrooney Daniel A. , Li Chenghong , Baassiri Malek J. , Bjornard Kari , Sandlund John T. , Brinkman Tara M. , Huang I‐Chan , Srivastava Deo Kumar , Ness Kirsten K. , Robison Leslie L. , Hudson Melissa M. , Krull Kevin R. 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUNDChildren with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) undergo treatment with central nervous system–directed therapy, the potentially neurotoxic effects of which have not been reported in NHL survivors.METHODSNHL survivors (n = 187) participating in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort who were 10 or more years from their diagnosis and were 18 years old or older underwent neurocognitive, emotional distress (Brief Symptom Inventory 18), and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) assessments (36‐Item Short Form Health Survey). Age‐adjusted z scores were compared with community controls (n = 181) and normative data. Treatment exposures were abstracted from medical records. Models adjusted for the age, sex, and time from diagnosis were used to calculate the risk of impairment.RESULTSThe mean ages at evaluation were similar for the survivors and the controls (35.7 ± 8.9 vs 35.5 ± 11.0 years; P = .86). Survivors were 25.2 ± 8.8 years from their diagnosis: 43 (23%) received cranial radiation, 70 (37%) received high‐dose methotrexate, 40 (21%) received high‐dose cytarabine, and 151 (81%) received intrathecal chemotherapy. Survivors' intelligence and attention were within normal limits; however, their memory, executive function, processing speed, and academics were impaired in comparison with both population norms and community controls (P values < .05). Treatment‐related exposures were not associated with neurocognitive function; however, neurocognitive impairment was associated with lower educational attainment, unemployment, and occupational status (P values < .03). Slower processing speed and worse self‐reported executive function were associated with symptoms of depression (P values ≤ .003) and poorer HRQOL (P values < .05).CONCLUSIONSAdult survivors of childhood NHL experience impaired neurocognitive function, which is associated with lower social attainment and poor HRQOL. Early‐detection and intervention strategies are recommended. Cancer 2017. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
The cost and cost‐effectiveness of childhood cancer treatment in El Salvador, Central America: A report from the Childhood Cancer 2030 Network
Authors: Fuentes‐Alabi Soad , Bhakta Nickhill , Vasquez Roberto Franklin , Gupta Sumit , Horton Susan E. 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUNDAlthough previous studies have examined the cost of treating individual childhood cancers in low‐income and middle‐income countries, to the authors' knowledge none has examined the overall cost and cost‐effectiveness of operating a childhood cancer treatment center. Herein, the authors examined the cost and sources of financing of a pediatric cancer unit in Hospital Nacional de Ninos Benjamin Bloom in El Salvador, and make estimates of cost‐effectiveness.METHODSAdministrative data regarding costs and volumes of inputs were obtained for 2016 for the pediatric cancer unit. Similar cost and volume data were obtained for shared medical services provided centrally (eg, blood bank). Costs of central nonmedical support services (eg, utilities) were obtained from hospital data and attributed by inpatient share. Administrative data also were used for sources of financing. Cost‐effectiveness was estimated based on the number of new patients diagnosed annually and survival rates.RESULTSThe pediatric cancer unit cost $5.2 million to operate in 2016 (treating 90 outpatients per day and experiencing 1385 inpatient stays per year). Approximately three‐quarters of the cost (74.7%) was attributed to 4 items: personnel (21.6%), pathological diagnosis (11.5%), pharmacy (chemotherapy, supportive care medications, and nutrition; 31.8%), and blood products (9.8%). Funding sources included government (52.5%), charitable foundations (44.2%), and a social security contribution scheme (3.4%). Based on 181 new patients per year and a 5‐year survival rate of 48.5%, the cost per disability‐adjusted life‐year averted was $1624, which is under the threshold considered to be very cost effective.CONCLUSIONSTreating childhood cancer in a specialized unit in low‐income and middle‐income countries can be done cost‐effectively. Strong support from charitable foundations aids with affordability. Cancer 2018;124:391‐7. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
3‐Acrylamidophenylboronic Acid‐Modified Hydrogel Film Attached to a Gold Nanosphere Array to Detect Hydrofluoric Acid with Good Selectivity and Recyclability
Authors: Men Dandan , Hang Lifeng , Zhang Honghua , Zhang Xiaomin , Lyu Xianjun , Cai Weiping , Li Yue 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA novel hydrofluoric acid sensor was prepared by attaching a two‐dimensional (2D) gold nanosphere array onto the surface of a poly(acrylamide‐co‐3‐acrylamidophenylboronic acid) P(AAm‐co‐APBA) hydrogel film. The volume of the hydrogel film swelled with increasing concentration of hydrofluoric acid due to the formation of borofluoride anions between hydrofluoric acid and phenylboronic acid group, resulting in a red shift of diffraction wavelength. The concentration of hydrofluoric acid was determined through monitoring the wavelength of the diffraction spectra. Additionally, this hydrofluoric acid sensor exhibited good sensitivity, selectivity and recyclability. Moreover, this method may be applied to detect various substances and could be widely used in diverse areas such as biochemical sensors, environmental monitoring, and food analysis by selecting an appropriate recognition agent attached to the hydrogel carrier.
[Ir(tpy)(bpy)Cl] as a Photocatalyst for CO2 Reduction under Visible‐Light Irradiation
Authors: Sato Shunsuke , Morikawa Takeshi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMononuclear iridium(III) terpyridine (tpy) 2,2′‐bipyridine (bpy) [Ir(tpy)(bpy)Cl]2+ photocatalysts (denoted [Ir(bpy)]) were developed for selective CO2 reduction to HCOOH under visible light. The CO2 reduction product could be changed dramatically by substituting a 2‐phenylpyridine (ppy) ligand with bpy, with the mononuclear Ir ppy complex ([Ir(tpy)(ppy)Cl]+) acting as a photocatalyst for selective CO2 reduction to CO. A mechanistic study showed a structural change in [Ir(bpy)] during the photocatalytic reaction. The [Ir(bpy)] complex was transformed into an iridium–hydride complex ([Ir(tpy)(bpy)H]2+) during an early stage of the photocatalytic reaction. However, [Ir(tpy)(bpy)H]2+ did not function as a key intermediate in the photochemical CO2 reduction because an additional structural change occurred. The tpy ligand of the Ir complex was reduced to piperidine‐2,6‐di‐2‐pyridine ligand during the photocatalytic reaction, resulting in the production of [Ir(piperidine‐2,6‐di‐2‐pyridine)(bpy)H]2+, which was the actual photocatalyst for HCOOH production.
Optimal Metal Oxide Deposition Conditions and Properties for the Enhancement of Hydrogen Evolution over Particulate La5Ti2Cu1−xAgxS5O7 Photocathodes
Authors: Liu Jingyuan , Hisatomi Takashi , Katayama Masao , Minegishi Tsutomu , Domen Kazunari 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis work examined the effects of the thickness and annealing conditions of TiO2, Nb2O5 and Ta2O5 layers deposited by radio‐frequency reactive magnetron sputtering over La5Ti2Cu1−xAgxS5O7 (LTC1−xAx) photocathodes on photoelectrochemical (PEC) H2 evolution performance. Annealing of the oxide‐deposited LTC1−xAx photocathodes in ambient air enhances PEC H2 evolution, whereas annealing in an inert or reductive atmosphere does not. Annealing in ambient air converts the as‐deposited oxygen‐deficient conductive oxides into semiconducting oxides that function as hole‐blocking layers. The photocathodic current associated with PEC H2 evolution was enhanced to the greatest extent when oxide layers 2 nm in nominal thickness were annealed in air at 473 K. This study determined the key metal oxide properties essential to enhancing PEC H2 evolution over particulate LTC1−xAx photocathodes, and is expected to assist in the development of particulate photoelectrodes for solar H2 production.
Salivary MMP‐13 gender differences in periodontitis: A cross‐sectional study from Sweden
Authors: Virtanen Eunice , Yakob Maha , Tervahartiala Taina , Söder Per‐Östen , Andersson Leif C. , Sorsa Timo , Meurman Jukka H. , Söder Birgitta 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe investigated serum and saliva concentrations of matrix metalloproteinases, MMP‐8, MMP‐9, and MMP‐13, and their tissue inhibitor TIMP‐1, in a group of patients with and without periodontitis from Sweden. The hypothesis was that these biomarkers are higher in the periodontitis patients. Ninety patients participated in this cross‐sectional study. Fifty‐one patients had periodontitis whereas 39 were periodontally healthy. Saliva and serum samples were analyzed with immunofluorometric, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and western blot. Results were statistically analyzed with independent t test, Mann–Whitney U test, Bonferroni corrections, and regression analyses. MMP‐13 was not detected in serum, but in saliva, higher values were found among the periodontally healthy compared with periodontitis subjects (0.32 ± 0.26 vs. 0.21 ± 0.23 ng/ml, p < .05). Female gender and clinical attachment loss were the explanatory factors for higher salivary MMP‐13 values with odds ratio 3.08 (95% confidence interval [1.17, 8.11]) and 3.57 (95% confidence interval [1.08, 11.82]), respectively. No statistically significant differences between groups were found in serum and saliva values of MMP‐8, MMP‐9, and TIMP‐1. Contrary to our hypothesis, no statistically significant differences between patients with and without periodontitis were seen in MMP‐8, MMP‐9, and TIMP‐1 values. However, higher MMP‐13 concentrations in saliva were associated with female gender and higher clinical attachment loss. Metabolism of MMP‐13 may thus have some gender implications in periodontitis.
Hox D genes and thefin‐to‐limbtransition: Insights from fish studies
Authors: Paço Ana , Freitas Renata 
Published: September 2017

SummaryGenes in the 5′ extremity of theHoxDcluster encode DNA‐binding transcription factors essential for development of the autopod and digits, regulating primarily gene expression and, consequently, morphogenesis and skeletal differentiation. Comparative studies focused on their expression and regulation have led to the idea that evolution of a bimodal regulation of the HoxD cluster, mainly due to the activation ofcis‐regulatory units in the centromeric side of the cluster, was a fundamental mechanism that potentiated thefin‐to‐limbtransition in vertebrates. In addition, functional assays demonstrated that increased levels of 5′HoxD genes stimulate the production of additional endochondral bone, while repressing the formation of dermal skeleton distally. Other data have come to light in recent years suggesting that these genes may interfere directly with the production of dermal skeleton components in fish and with the activity ofcis‐regulatory units involved in the formation of autopod and digits. Finally, increasing evidences suggest that the role of HoxD genes in fin evolution may relate to their ability to change the fate of distal mesenchymal cells conducting them to differentiate into endochondral bone rather than in dermal skeleton. Here, we trace the history of the research concerning the involvement of HoxD genes in the fin‐to‐limb transition in vertebrates. To this end, we discuss three interconnected topics that have benefited from profound advances in recent years due to comparative analyses and functional assays performed using fish species: (a) comparative HoxD genes expression; (b) comparative HoxD gene transcriptional regulation; and (c) functional characterization of 5′HoxD genes.
The interaction between predation risk and food ration on behavior and morphology of Eurasian perch
Authors: Svanbäck Richard , Zha Yinghua , Brönmark Christer , Johansson Frank 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe risk of both predation and food level has been shown to affect phenotypic development of organisms. However, these two factors also influence animal behavior that in turn may influence phenotypic development. Hence, it might be difficult to disentangle the behavioral effect from the predator or resource‐level effects. This is because the presence of predators and high resource levels usually results in a lower activity, which in turn affects energy expenditure that is used for development and growth. It is therefore necessary to study how behavior interacts with changes in body shape with regard to resource density and predators. Here, we use the classic predator‐induced morphological defense in fish to study the interaction between predator cues, resource availability, and behavioral activity with the aim to determine their relative contribution to changes in body shape. We show that all three variables, the presence of a predator, food level, and activity, both additively and interactively, affected the body shape of perch. In general, the presence of predators, lower swimming activity, and higher food levels induced a deep body shape, with predation and behavior having similar effect and food treatment the smallest effect. The shape changes seemed to be mediated by changes in growth rate as body condition showed a similar effect as shape with regard to food‐level and predator treatments. Our results suggests that shape changes in animals to one environmental factor, for example, predation risk, can be context dependent, and depend on food levels or behavioral responses. Theoretical and empirical studies should further explore how this context dependence affects fitness components such as resource gain and mortality and their implications for population dynamics.
Embedment of Well Dispersed Nickel Nanoparticles in Sulfonate and Benzimidazole Functionalized Poly (Arylene Ether Ketone) Film for the Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Glucose
Authors: Xi Lingling , Wang Tengfei , Zhang Danwei 
Published: September 2017

AbstractStable and well dispersed nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) were fabricated and embedded in a novel polymer sulfonate and benzimidazole functionalized poly (arylene ether ketone) (S‐BI‐PAEK) film. After drop‐casting the mixed solution of S‐BI‐PAEK and NiSO4 on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface, the uniformly distributed NiNPs were formed and stably embedded in S‐BI‐PAEK film by in‐situ electrochemical reduction method. The embedment and well dispersity of NiNPs in S‐BI‐PAEK film was probably attributed to the strong chelation of sulfonate and benzimidazole functional groups contained in S‐BI‐PAEK toward Ni2+ ions, as well as the transferability of Ni2+ ions in S‐BI‐PAEK film. The NiNPs/S‐BI‐PAEK composite film was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). It exhibited good electrocatalytic activity toward glucose oxidation in 0.1 mol L−1 NaOH solution with high stability. The NiNPs/S‐BI‐PAEK/GCE showed a fast amperometric response with a wide linear range from 1 μM to 4 mM and a low detection limit of 200 nmol L−1 (S/N=3) for the determination of glucose by amperometry at a potential of 0.55 V. Finally it was successfully employed to determine glucose in human serum. Therefore, the novel fabrication method of nickel nanoparticles was promising for the future development of non‐enzymatic glucose sensor.
Direct multiperiod forecasting for algorithmic trading
Authors: Kawakatsu Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis paper examines the performance of iterated and direct forecasts for the number of shares traded in high‐frequency intraday data. Constructing direct forecasts in the context of formulating volume weighted average price trading strategies requires the generation of a sequence of multistep‐ahead forecasts. I discuss nonlinear transformations to ensure nonnegative forecasts and lag length selection for generating a sequence of direct forecasts. In contrast to the literature based on low‐frequency macroeconomic data, I find that direct multiperiod forecasts can outperform iterated forecasts when the conditioning information set is dynamically updated in real time.
The modeling of archaeological and geomorphic surfaces in a multistratified urban site in Padua, Italy
Authors: Mozzi Paolo , Ferrarese Francesco , Zangrando Dorelia , Gamba Mariolina , Vigoni Alberto , Sainati Camilla , Fontana Alessandro , Ninfo Andrea , Piovan Silvia , Rossato Sandro , Veronese Francesca 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMultistratified archaeological sites are important archives of past human activities, recording the superposition of anthropogenic deposits over centuries and millennia. We attempted the reconstruction of buried geomorphic and archaeological surfaces in the 1.55 km2, 7 m thick, multistratified urban site of Padua in northern Italy, through the spatial interpolation of 117 elevation points relative to unique archaeological features. Key data were the elevations above sea level of ancient surfaces and features, such as the presettlement alluvial plain, roads, floors, and hearths dating from Bronze to Imperial Roman ages. Present surface elevations were provided by a Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) digital elevation model. Spline interpolation produced general‐trend surfaces of the buried alluvial plain, Iron Age (13th–10th and 6th centuries B.C.), and Roman (first century B.C. and first to second centuries A.D.) levels. Validation of the later Roman surface indicates a decimeter accuracy of interpolation. Geographic information system overlay operations resulted in quantitative estimates of the vertical growth of the site, the volumes of archaeological deposits, and the depth of burial of the different levels. This research provided new insights on the development of the ancient city and its relations with paleohydrography, representing a starting point for the assessment of buried archaeological heritage.
Zircon U–Pb age, geochemistry and Sr‐Nd‐Hf isotopes of the Baolige granite complex in the Great Hingan Range, NE China
Authors: Zhu Xue‐Feng , Chen Yan‐Jing , Wang Pin , Wang Shou‐Xu , Zhang Cheng 
Published: September 2017

The Solonker zone is widely accepted as the suture between the North China Craton and the Siberia–Mongolia continental plate. The Baolige granite complex is located to the north side of the Solonker Suture and is mainly composed of monzogranite and granite. Zircon U–Pb ages, geochemistry, and Sr‐Nd‐Hf isotopic data of the Baolige granites were presented to constrain their petrogenesis and tectonic settings. Two monzogranite samples from Baolige yielded weighted mean zircon 206Pb/238U ages of 310.7 ± 2.1 Ma (mean square of weighted deviates (MSWD) = 1.3) and 307.4 ± 1.6 Ma (MSWD = 0.77), whereas the granite intruded into the monzogranite yielded an age of 296.2 ± 2.0 Ma (MSWD = 1.2). Both the Baolige monzogranite and granite contain high contents of SiO2, K2O, and Al2O3, low contents of TiO2, MgO, and CaO, and are peraluminous high‐K calc‐alkaline. These rocks are characterized by enrichments of K, Rb, U, Pb, Th, and light rare earth elements and depletions of Nb, Ta, Ti, and heavy rare earth elements and contain slightly negative or no Eu anomalies, similar to typical arc‐related granitoids. The Ti‐in‐zircon thermometry yielded 650–759 °C for the monzogranite and 645–796 °C for the granite. The monzogranite shows positive zircon εHf(t) values (4.7–13.2) and whole‐rock εNd(t) values (3.6–5.2), with TDM2(Hf) ages of 1,324–557 Ma and TDM2(Nd) ages of 1,015–821 Ma, and ISr of 0.70363–0.70386. The granite shows εHf(t) values of 15.6–20.9 and εNd(t) values of 4.0–5.1, with TDM2(Nd) ages of 957–832 Ma, and ISr of 0.70364–0.70406. Geochemical evidence indicates that the Baolige granite complex is highly fractionated I‐type and was likely formed by partial melting of the Neoproterozoic juvenile crust in a continental arc setting. We concluded that the Paleo‐Asian Ocean may have undergone north‐dipping subduction beneath the Siberia–Mongolia continental plate during the Late Carboniferous, and the subduction may have continued to the Early Permian (ca. 296 Ma).
Connectivity‐based parcellation of the anterior limb of the internal capsule
Authors: Nanda Pranav , Banks Garrett P. , Pathak Yagna J. , Sheth Sameer A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC) is an important locus of frontal‐subcortical fiber tracts involved in cognitive and limbic feedback loops. However, the structural organization of its component fiber tracts remains unclear. Therefore, although the ALIC is a promising target for various neurosurgical procedures for psychiatric disorders, more precise understanding of its organization is required to optimize target localization. Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) collected on healthy subjects by the Human Connectome Project (HCP), we generated parcellations of the ALIC by dividing it according to structural connectivity to various frontal regions. We then compared individuals’ parcellations to evaluate the ALIC's structural consistency. All 40 included subjects demonstrated a posterior–superior to anterior–inferior axis of tract organization in the ALIC. Nonetheless, subdivisions of the ALIC were found to vary substantially, as voxels in the average parcellation were accurately assigned for a mean of only 66.2% of subjects. There were, however, some loci of consistency, most notably in the region maximally connected to orbitofrontal cortex. These findings clarify the highly variable organization of the ALIC and may represent a tool for patient‐specific targeting of neuromodulation. Hum Brain Mapp 38:6107–6117, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.