bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lysine-specific demethylase 1 inhibitor rescues the osteogenic ability of mesenchymal stem cells under osteoporotic conditions by modulating H3K4 methylation
Authors: Lv Longwei , Ge Wenshu , Liu Yunsong , Lai Guanyou , Liu Hao , Li Wenyue , Zhou Yongsheng 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBone tissue engineering may be hindered by underlying osteoporosis because of a decreased osteogenic ability of autologous seed cells and an unfavorably changed microenvironment in these patients. Epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the developmental origins of osteoporosis; however, few studies have investigated the potential of epigenetic therapy to improve or rescue the osteogenic ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) under osteoporotic conditions. Here, we investigated pargyline, an inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), which mainly catalyzes the demethylation of the di- and mono-methylation of H3K4. We demonstrated that 1.5 mmol·L−1 pargyline was the optimal concentration for the osteogenic differentiation of human BMMSCs. Pargyline rescued the osteogenic differentiation ability of mouse BMMSCs under osteoporotic conditions by enhancing the dimethylation level of H3K4 at the promoter regions of osteogenesis-related genes. Moreover, pargyline partially rescued or prevented the osteoporotic conditions in aged or ovariectomized mouse models, respectively. By introducing the concept of epigenetic therapy into the field of osteoporosis, this study demonstrated that LSD1 inhibitors could improve the clinical practice of MSC-based bone tissue engineering and proposes their novel use to treat osteoporosis.
Voice-Related Patient-Reported Outcome Measures: A Systematic Review of Instrument Development and Validation
Authors: Francis David O. , Daniero James J. , Hovis Kristen L. , Sathe Nila , Jacobson Barbara , Penson David F. , Feurer Irene D. , McPheeters Melissa L. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to perform a comprehensive systematic review of the literature on voice-related patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures in adults and to evaluate each instrument for the presence of important measurement properties.

Method
MEDLINE, the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and the Health and Psychosocial Instrument databases were searched using relevant vocabulary terms and key terms related to PRO measures and voice. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed in consultation with an expert panel. Three independent investigators assessed study methodology using criteria developed a priori. Measurement properties were examined and entered into evidence tables.

Results
A total of 3,744 studies assessing voice-related constructs were identified. This list was narrowed to 32 PRO measures on the basis of predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Questionnaire measurement properties varied widely. Important thematic deficiencies were apparent: (a) lack of patient involvement in the item development process, (b) lack of robust construct validity, and (c) lack of clear interpretability and scaling.

Conclusions
PRO measures are a principal means of evaluating treatment effectiveness in voice-related conditions. Despite their prominence, available PRO measures have disparate methodological rigor. Care must be taken to understand the psychometric and measurement properties and the applicability of PRO measures before advocating for their use in clinical or research applications.
Defining Significant Events for Neonatal and Pediatric Transport: Results of a Combined Delphi and Consensus Meeting Process
Authors: McNally J. , Whyte H. , O'Hearn K. , Foster J. , Parker M. , Dhanani S. , Gunz A. 
Published: December 2016

Objective To develop standardized definitions for a list of indicators that represent significant events during pediatric transport, which were previously identified by a national Delphi study.
Methods We designed a three-phase consensus process that applied Delphi methodology to a combination of electronic questionnaires and a live consensus meeting.
Results Thirty-one pediatric transport experts evaluated a total of 59 indicators. Twenty-four indicators represented events or interventions that did not require definition. One indicator was removed from the list. Definitions for the remaining 34 indicators were developed.
Conclusion This standardized indicator list is intended for application to quality improvement and clinical research initiatives.
The Effect of Metacarpophalangeal Joint Hyperextension on Outcomes in the Surgical Treatment of Carpometacarpal Joint Arthritis
Authors: Brogan David , van Hogezand Rose , Babovic Nikola , Carlsen Brian , Kakar Sanjeev 
Published: December 2016

Purpose In the surgical treatment of thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint arthritis, the effect of mild preoperative metacarpophalangeal (MCP) hyperextension on postoperative functional outcomes is unknown. We sought to examine outcomes after surgical treatment of CMC arthritis in patients with and without mild preexisting MCP deformity.
Methods A retrospective review was conducted to analyze the functional outcomes of patients treated for CMC arthritis at a single institution from March 1998 to May 2009. All patients were treated with one of two standard CMC arthroplasty procedures—either ligament reconstruction tendon interposition (LRTI) or a Weilby procedure—and none had additional procedures to address MCP hyperextension. Pre- and postoperative assessments included pinch and grip strength, degree of MCP hyperextension, and thumb radial and palmar abduction. A t-test was used to assume unequal variances.
Results A total of 203 patients were followed for an average of 27.3 months. Patients were divided into two groups: (1) patients without preoperative MCP hyperextension (167 patients) and (2) patients with mild but untreated preoperative MCP hyperextension (≤ 30 degrees; 36 patients). All patients underwent either a Weilby procedure (118 patients) or an LRTI; 85 patients). The main difference between techniques was the use of the abductor pollicis longus tendon as a post to secure the flexor carpi radialis (Weilby) or the use of a bone tunnel in the first metacarpal (LRTI). Analysis of the preoperative data showed no difference in the baseline parameters among both the groups, with the exception of MCP hyperextension. Postoperatively, neither the type of CMC procedure nor the presence of MCP hyperextension demonstrated any significant differences in key pinch, tip pinch, grip strength, and radial or palmar abduction of the thumb between the groups.
Conclusion There were no statistically significant differences in improvement of functional outcomes after surgery when comparing patients without preoperative MCP hyperextension to patients with untreated MCP hyperextension of less than 30 degrees.
Level of Evidence Level III, retrospective comparative study.
Two distinct pools of B12analogs reveal community interdependencies in the ocean
Authors: Heal Katherine R. , Qin Wei , Ribalet Francois , Bertagnolli Anthony D. , Coyote-Maestas Willow , Hmelo Laura R. , Moffett James W. , Devol Allan H. , Armbrust E. Virginia , Stahl David A. , Ingalls Anitra E. 
Published: December 2016

SignificanceCobalamin (vitamin B12)-dependent organisms span all domains of life, making procurement of the vitamin from the few prokaryotic producers an essential function in organismal interactions. Yet not all key producers of cobalamin have been identified in the ocean. We show that in the marine environment, select heterotrophic bacteria and Thaumarchaeota produce cobalamin, while Cyanobacteria, the most abundant phytoplankton on earth, supply and use pseudocobalamin. These chemically distinct cofactors support different members of the microbial community because they are not interchangeable as cofactors in enzymes. Our findings identify key organisms supporting cobalamin-based interdependencies that underpin primary production and microbial interactions in the ocean.
Loss of the golgin GM130 causes Golgi disruption, Purkinje neuron loss, and ataxia in mice
Authors: Liu Chunyi , Mei Mei , Li Qiuling , Roboti Peristera , Pang Qianqian , Ying Zhengzhou , Gao Fei , Lowe Martin , Bao Shilai 
Published: December 2016

Significance
It has been known for many years that the Golgi apparatus, the central organelle of the secretory pathway, is fragmented upon neurodegenerative disease. However, it has remained an open question whether Golgi disruption contributes to neuronal death, as seen in disease, or is simply a consequence of this process. Here, we show that knocking out the Golgi protein GM130 in mice causes Golgi fragmentation and impaired secretory trafficking in Purkinje neurons, resulting in cell death and ataxia. The cell death and ataxia are first observed in postnatal development, but worsen with age. These findings indicate that targeted disruption of the Golgi apparatus can result in neuronal loss in vivo, supporting the view that Golgi dysfunction can contribute to neurodegeneration.
Tracking solvents in the skin through atomically resolved measurements of molecular mobility in intact stratum corneum
Authors: Pham Quoc Dat , Topgaard Daniel , Sparr Emma 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Our skin is regularly exposed to solvents in cosmetics, washing and sanitary agents, and drug formulations. The uptake of solvents into the skin may change essential properties of the skin, for example, its protective barrier function, as well as its flexibility and softness. Herein different solvents relevant to skin formulations and sanitary products were added to samples of intact stratum corneum (SC), which is the outer layer of the skin. The solvent molecules can be tracked inside SC, showing reduced mobility. Furthermore, the solvents induce fluidity in SC components. These changes depend on solvent identity and concentration and on SC hydration conditions. Changes in SC components can be related to changes in macroscopic properties of SC, including skin barrier function.
The importance of urban gardens in supporting children's biophilia
Authors: Hand Kathryn L. , Freeman Claire , Seddon Philip J. , Recio Mariano R. , Stein Aviva , van Heezik Yolanda 
Published: December 2016

SignificanceNature exposure is an important determinant of human mental and physical well-being, but rapid urbanization means that accessing natural areas is increasingly challenging. Children in particular are thought to show a deep affective affiliation with life (biophilia), and health disorders, such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, stress, obesity, and depression, are attributed to lack of interaction with wild nature, termed “nature-deficit disorder.” We tested biophilia in children by quantitatively evaluating the availability and use of biodiverse spaces, and found no evidence of preference for biodiverse or wild areas, even where children had access to highly biodiverse areas. Because of constrained movements, children’s exposure to nature occurred mostly in private gardens, which are disappearing with densification and ongoing loss of private greenspace.
Impact of mosquito gene drive on malaria elimination in a computational model with explicit spatial and temporal dynamics
Authors: Eckhoff Philip A. , Wenger Edward A. , Godfray H. Charles J. , Burt Austin 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Gene drive mosquitoes have tremendous potential to help eliminate malaria, and multiple gene drive approaches have recently shown promise in laboratory settings. These approaches include population suppression through fertility disruption, driving-Y chromosomes, and population replacement with genes that limit malaria transmission. Mathematical modeling is used to evaluate these approaches by simulating realistic field settings with seasonality to determine constraints on construct parameters and release strategies. Parameter variation from simulation baselines captures much of sub-Saharan African epidemiology and shows high potential for gene drive constructs to provide transformational tools to facilitate elimination of malaria, even in the most challenging settings. This analysis provides insights into performance characteristics necessary for each approach to succeed that can inform their further development.
The global decline of cheetah
Acinonyx jubatus
and what it means for conservation
Authors: Durant Sarah M. , Mitchell Nicholas , Groom Rosemary , Pettorelli Nathalie , Ipavec Audrey , Jacobson Andrew P. , Woodroffe Rosie , Böhm Monika , Hunter Luke T. B. , Becker Matthew S. , Broekhuis Femke , Bashir Sultana , Andresen Leah , Aschenborn Ortwin , Beddiaf Mohammed , Belbachir Farid , Belbachir-Bazi Amel , Berbash Ali , Brandao de Matos Machado Iracelma , Breitenmoser Christine , Chege Monica , Cilliers Deon , Davies-Mostert Harriet , Dickman Amy J. , Ezekiel Fabiano , Farhadinia Mohammad S. , Funston Paul , Henschel Philipp , Horgan Jane , de Iongh Hans H. , Jowkar Houman , Klein Rebecca , Lindsey Peter Andrew , Marker Laurie , Marnewick Kelly , Melzheimer Joerg , Merkle Johnathan , M'soka Jassiel , Msuha Maurus , O'Neill Helen , Parker Megan , Purchase Gianetta , Sahailou Samaila , Saidu Yohanna , Samna Abdoulkarim , Schmidt-Küntzel Anne , Selebatso Eda , Sogbohossou Etotépé A. , Soultan Alaaeldin , Stone Emma , van der Meer Esther , van Vuuren Rudie , Wykstra Mary , Young-Overton Kim 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Here, we compile and present the most comprehensive data available on cheetah distribution and status. Our analysis shows dramatic declines of cheetah across its distributional range. Most cheetah occur outside protected areas, where they are exposed to multiple threats, but there is little information on population status. Simulation modeling shows that, where cheetah population growth rates are suppressed outside protected areas, extinction risk increases markedly. This result can be generalized to other “protection-reliant” species, and a decision tree is provided to improve their extinction risk estimation. Ultimately, the persistence of protection-reliant species depends on their survival outside and inside protected areas and requires a holistic approach to conservation that engages rather than alienates local communities.
Programming function into mechanical forms by directed assembly of silk bulk materials
Authors: Marelli Benedetto , Patel Nereus , Duggan Thomas , Perotto Giovanni , Shirman Elijah , Li Chunmei , Kaplan David L. , Omenetto Fiorenzo G. 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Engineering multiple functions in a single material format is a key design parameter to fabricate devices that can perform at the confluence between biology and technology. This can be achieved by designing materials with hierarchical structures across several scales or by embedding active molecules at the point of material formation. These approaches have been successfully pursued to engineer 2D materials formats. However, current technologies have limited the formation of 3D constructs with orthogonal functions. In this study, we demonstrate an entirely water-based sol–gel–solid process to generate 3D mechanical forms that embed biological (and other) functions. This approach is a step toward the development of multifunctional devices that may liaise between the biotic and abiotic worlds.
In operando
evidence of deoxygenation in ionic liquid gating of YBa
2
Cu
3
O
7-X
Authors: Perez-Muñoz Ana M. , Schio Pedro , Poloni Roberta , Fernandez-Martinez Alejandro , Rivera-Calzada Alberto , Cezar Julio C. , Salas-Colera Eduardo , Castro German R. , Kinney Joseph , Leon Carlos , Santamaria Jacobo , Garcia-Barriocanal Javier , Goldman Allen M. 
Published: December 2016

Significance
In this work, we investigate the origin of the charge induced in a high-temperature superconducting cuprate film, incorporated in an electric double-layer transistor. Using X-ray spectroscopic measurements made while operating the transistor, together with simulations based on density functional theory, we find that the accumulated charge in the cuprate is due to the depletion of oxygen from specific sites in its unit cell. These results constitute direct evidence of the microscopic mechanism of charge modification. The systematic control of the oxygen content in complex oxides such as the cuprates allows for the study of complex phase diagrams and opens up a route for the design of new complex oxide compounds and devices with improved functionalities.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of similarity-based neural representations of facial identity
Authors: Vida Mark D. , Nestor Adrian , Plaut David C. , Behrmann Marlene 
Published: December 2016

SignificanceHumans can rapidly discriminate among many highly similar facial identities across identity-preserving image transformations (e.g., changes in facial expression), an ability that requires the system to rapidly transform image-based inputs into a more abstract, identity-based representation. We used magnetoencephalography to provide a temporally precise description of this transformation within human face-selective cortical regions. We observed a transition from an image-based representation toward an identity-based representation after ∼200 ms, a result suggesting that, rather than computing a single representation, a given face-selective region may represent multiple distinct types of information about face identity at different times. Our results advance our understanding of the microgenesis of fine-grained, high-level neural representations of object identity, a process critical to human visual expertise.
Wireless physical layer security
Authors: Poor H. Vincent , Schaefer Rafael F. 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Security is a very important issue in the design and use of wireless networks. Traditional methods of providing security in such networks are impractical for some emerging types of wireless networks due to the light computational abilities of some wireless devices [such as radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags, certain sensors, etc.] or to the very large scale or loose organizational structure of some networks. Physical layer security has the potential to address these concerns by taking advantage of the fundamental ability of the physics of radio propagation to provide certain types of security. This paper provides a review of recent research in this field.
Aberrantly expressed LGR4 empowers Wnt signaling in multiple myeloma by hijacking osteoblast-derived R-spondins
Authors: van Andel Harmen , Ren Zemin , Koopmans Iris , Joosten Sander P. J. , Kocemba Kinga A. , de Lau Wim , Kersten Marie José , de Bruin Alexander M. , Guikema Jeroen E. J. , Clevers Hans , Spaargaren Marcel , Pals Steven T. 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Multiple myeloma (MM) cells are highly dependent on signals provided by the bone marrow (BM) niche for growth and survival. Most MMs display hallmarks of active Wnt signaling, but lack activating Wnt-pathway mutations, suggesting activation by autocrine Wnt ligands and/or paracrine Wnts emanating from the BM niche. In this study we uncover a pivotal role for the leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4)/R-spondin axis in facilitating activation of Wnt signaling in MM. LGR4 is expressed by most MMs, but not by healthy plasma cells, and is regulated by STAT3 signaling. LGR4 expression allows MMs to respond to (pre)osteoblast–derived R-spondins, resulting in stabilization of Wnt receptors and greatly enhanced sensitivity to auto- and paracrine Wnt ligands. These results advocate targeting of proximal Wnt signaling in MM.
Single-pixel interior filling function approach for detecting and correcting errors in particle tracking
Authors: Burov Stanislav , Figliozzi Patrick , Lin Binhua , Rice Stuart A. , Scherer Norbert F. , Dinner Aaron R. 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Researchers in many areas of science and engineering gather imaging data consisting of a set of pixel intensities. Quantitative analyses of such data often rely on estimating the positions of objects (e.g., single-particle tracking), and many of the algorithms used promise subpixel precision and accuracy. Here, we introduce a method that can reveal biases in such tracking algorithms and correct the associated errors. An advantage of the method is that it uses only the output of the tracking algorithm without needing knowledge of how it works. We illustrate how the method can solve common problems in single-particle tracking. Under some circumstances the method can even outperform the precision limit to which most algorithms are compared.
A Case Report of Pediatric Brucellosis in an Algerian Immigrant
Authors: Kitt Eimear , Brannock Kristina R. , VonHolz Lauren A. , Planet Paul J. , Graf Erin , Pillai Vinodh 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAn 8-year old girl presented to our facility with a 10-day history of fever, fatigue, abdominal pain and refusal to walk. She recently travelled from her native Algeria where she first developed symptoms. On evaluation, she was ill-appearing, febrile and tachycardic with hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy noted on examination. A strong musty odor was also noted from the child. Laboratory evaluation revealed pancytopenia, hyponatremia, and an elevated AST, ALT, and LDH. Malaria testing was negative, as was a PPD. On further questioning, the family reported multiple sick contacts in Algeria with similar symptoms. After discussion with Oncology and Infectious Diseases, she underwent a bone marrow biopsy that was significant for multiple non-caseating ring granulomas. She was started on combination therapy of doxycycline and for presumed brucellosis infection with improvement in her symptoms and resolution of fever. Bone marrow culture returned several days later positive for Brucella melitensis.
Cost Effectiveness and Cost Containment in the Era of Interferon-Free Therapies to Treat Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1
Authors: Linas Benjamin P. , Morgan Jake R. , Pho Mai T. , Leff Jared A. , Schackman Bruce R. , Horsburgh C. Robert , Assoumou Sabrina A. , Salomon Joshua A. , Weinstein Milton C. , Freedberg Kenneth A. , Kim Arthur Y. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundInterferon-free regimens to treat hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 are effective but costly. At this time, payers in the United States use strategies to control costs including (1) limiting treatment to those with advanced disease and (2) negotiating price discounts in exchange for exclusivity.MethodsWe used Monte Carlo simulation to investigate budgetary impact and cost effectiveness of these treatment policies and to identify strategies that balance access with cost control. Outcomes included nondiscounted 5-year payer cost per 10000 HCV-infected patients and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios.ResultsWe found that the budgetary impact of HCV treatment is high, with 5-year undiscounted costs of $1.0 billion to 2.3 billion per 10000 HCV-infected patients depending on regimen choices. Among noncirrhotic patients, using the least costly interferon-free regimen leads to the lowest payer costs with negligible difference in clinical outcomes, even when the lower cost regimen is less convenient and/or effective. Among cirrhotic patients, more effective but costly regimens remain cost effective. Controlling costs by restricting treatment to those with fibrosis stage 2 or greater disease was cost ineffective for any patient type compared with treating all patients.ConclusionsTreatment strategies using interferon-free therapies to treat all HCV-infected persons are cost effective, but short-term cost is high. Among noncirrhotic patients, using the least costly interferon-free regimen, even if it is not single tablet or once daily, is the cost-control strategy that results in best outcomes. Restricting treatment to patients with more advanced disease often results in worse outcomes than treating all patients, and it is not preferred.