bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Complete Overhaul of the Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy and X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Database: eelsdb.eu
Authors: Ewels Philip , Sikora Thierry , Serin Virginie , Ewels Chris P. , Lajaunie Luc 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) database has been completely rewritten, with an improved design, user interface, and a number of new tools. The database is accessible at https://eelsdb.eu/ and can now be used without registration. The submission process has been streamlined to encourage spectrum submissions and the new design gives greater emphasis on contributors’ original work by highlighting their papers. With numerous new filters and a powerful search function, it is now simple to explore the database of several hundred EELS and XAS spectra. Interactive plots allow spectra to be overlaid, facilitating online comparison. An application-programming interface has been created, allowing external tools and software to easily access the information held within the database. In addition to the database itself, users can post and manage job adverts and read the latest news and events regarding the EELS and XAS communities. In accordance with the ongoing drive toward open access data increasingly demanded by funding bodies, the database will facilitate open access data sharing of EELS and XAS spectra.
Cannabisbezogene Störungen in der Suchthilfe: Inanspruchnahme, Klientel und Behandlungserfolg
Authors: Brand Hanna , Künzel Jutta , Pfeiffer-Gerschel Tim , Braun Barbara 
Published: February 2016

Zusammenfassung. Ziel: Cannabis ist in Deutschland die am häufigsten konsumierte illegale Droge. In Suchthilfeeinrichtungen machen Personen mit einer cannabisbezogenen Störung die zweitgrößte Gruppe aller Klienten aus. Ziel ist es, Veränderungen in der Inanspruchnahme von Suchthilfe aufgrund cannabisbezogener Probleme darzustellen und Besonderheiten der behandelten Cannabiskonsumenten, insbesondere Unterschiede zwischen ambulant und stationär Behandelten, herauszuarbeiten. Methodik: Es handelt sich um eine deskriptive Analyse der Daten von Personen aus ambulanten und stationären Suchtberatungs-/-behandlungseinrichtungen in Deutschland, die im Rahmen der Deutschen Suchthilfestatistik (DSHS) dokumentiert wurden. Im Datenjahr 2013 lag die Zahl der betrachteten Fälle im ambulanten Bereich bei n = 163.865 aus 822 Einrichtungen und im stationären Bereich bei n = 41.395 Fällen aus 200 Einrichtungen. Ergebnisse: Der Anteil der Personen mit einer primären Cannabisproblematik in Einrichtungen der Suchthilfe ist im Verlauf ambulant von 6,4 % (2000) auf 15,4 % (2013) und stationär von 1,1 % (2000) auf 7,1 % (2013) gestiegen. Personen mit einer cannabisbezogenen Störung zeichnen sich durch junges Alter, geringes Bildungsniveau und hohe Arbeitslosigkeit aus. Im Vergleich zu anderen Hauptdiagnosen (HD) zeigt sich ein früher Erstkonsum und Störungsbeginn. Vor allem stationär weisen Cannabispatienten eine hohe Zusatzbelastung durch multiplen Substanzkonsum auf. Ein vergleichsweise hoher Anteil kommt aufgrund gerichtlicher Auflagen in die Behandlung (ambulant: 29,9 %, stationär: 27,6 %) und etwa zwei Drittel zeigen nach Behandlungsende eine Verbesserung ihrer Suchtproblematik (ambulant: 64,0 %, stationär: 64,0 %). Schlussfolgerungen: Der deutlich gestiegene Anteil der Klienten mit HD Cannabis an allen Klienten ist vermutlich durch die gestiegene Zahl spezieller Programme zur Behandlung cannabisbezogener Störungen und ein stärkeres Bewusstsein über die Behandlungsbedürftigkeit problematischen Cannabiskonsums bedingt. Das geringe Bildungsniveau, die problematische berufliche Situation sowie die geringe Selbstständigkeit der Cannabisklienten sind vermutlich auf das unterdurchschnittliche Alter zurückzuführen, weshalb besonders Maßnahmen zur Erarbeitung einer psychosozialen Perspektive, wie z. B. Kooperationen mit Sozialämtern, Jugendhilfe und Arbeitsagenturen notwendig sind.
Ökonomische und intangible Kosten des Cannabiskonsums in Deutschland
Authors: Effertz Tobias , Verheyen Frank , Linder Roland 
Published: February 2016

Zusammenfassung. Einleitung: Um die negativen Auswirkungen des Cannabiskonsums sinnvoll im Rahmen ökonomischer Kosten-Nutzen-Entscheidungen beurteilen und in gesundheitspolitische Entscheidungen einbringen zu können, ist es notwendig, die ursächlich mit dem Konsum in Verbindung stehenden Kosten vollständig zu quantifizieren. Ziel dieses Beitrages ist es, einen Überblick über die medizinisch-ökonomischen Kosten des Cannabiskonsums in Deutschland zu geben. Methode: Zur Kostenschätzung wurde eine Stichprobe der Techniker Krankenkasse mit 146.000 Versicherten und davon 1.245 Personen mit einer auf schädlichen Cannabiskonsum hinweisenden Diagnose (ICD-10-gm-Code F12) ausgewertet. Mit Hilfe geeigneter statistischer Regressionsmodelle wurden die kausal auf Cannabis zurückführbaren Zusatzkosten im Gesundheitssektor sowie weitere produktivitätsrelevante und intangible Beeinträchtigungen ermittelt. Ergebnisse: Schädlich Cannabis konsumierende Versicherte verursachen 2.438 € an zusätzlichen Kosten pro Person und Jahr. Insgesamt ergeben sich Kosten in Höhe von 975 Mio. € p.a. Ggf. fallen weitere Zusatzkosten durch Tabakkonsum an, wenn beides kombiniert konsumiert wird. Schließlich zeigen die Befunde auch signifikant erhöhte intangible Einbußen wie Erschöpfung, Depression und Schmerzen. Diskussion: Cannabiskonsum ist mit einer Vielzahl an Risiken und Kosten verbunden, die bei möglichen Veränderungen in der Drogenpolitik sorgfältig bedacht werden müssen.
MSI2 is required for maintaining activated myelodysplastic syndrome stem cells
Authors: Taggart James , Ho Tzu-Chieh , Amin Elianna , Xu Haiming , Barlowe Trevor S. , Perez Alexendar R. , Durham Benjamin H. , Tivnan Patrick , Okabe Rachel , Chow Arthur , Vu Ly , Park Sun Mi , Prieto Camila , Famulare Christopher , Patel Minal , Lengner Christopher J. , Verma Amit , Roboz Gail , Guzman Monica , Klimek Virginia M. , Abdel-Wahab Omar , Leslie Christina , Nimer Stephen D. , Kharas Michael G. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are driven by complex genetic and epigenetic alterations. The MSI2 RNA-binding protein has been demonstrated to have a role in acute myeloid leukaemia and stem cell function, but its role in MDS is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that elevated MSI2 expression correlates with poor survival in MDS. Conditional deletion of Msi2 in a mouse model of MDS results in a rapid loss of MDS haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and reverses the clinical features of MDS. Inversely, inducible overexpression of MSI2 drives myeloid disease progression. The MDS HSPCs remain dependent on MSI2 expression after disease initiation. Furthermore, MSI2 expression expands and maintains a more activated (G1) MDS HSPC. Gene expression profiling of HSPCs from the MSI2 MDS mice identifies a signature that correlates with poor survival in MDS patients. Overall, we identify a role for MSI2 in MDS representing a therapeutic target in this disease.
The REGγ-proteasome forms a regulatory circuit with IκBɛ and NFκB in experimental colitis
Authors: Xu Jinjin , Zhou Lei , Ji Lei , Chen Fengyuan , Fortmann Karen , Zhang Kun , Liu Qingwu , Li Ke , Wang Weicang , Wang Hao , Xie Wei , Wang Qingwei , Liu Jiang , Zheng Biao , Zhang Pei , Huang Shixia , Shi Tieliu , Zhang Biaohong , Dang Yongyan , Chen Jiwu , O’Malley Bert W. , Moses Robb E. , Wang Ping , Li Lei , Xiao Jianru , Hoffmann Alexander , Li Xiaotao 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIncreasing incidence of inflammatory bowel disorders demands a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying its multifactorial aetiology. Here we demonstrate that mice deficient for REGγ, a proteasome activator, show significantly attenuated intestinal inflammation and colitis-associated cancer in dextran sodium sulfate model. Bone marrow transplantation experiments suggest that REGγ’s function in non-haematopoietic cells primarily contributes to the phenotype. Elevated expression of REGγ exacerbates local inflammation and promotes a reciprocal regulatory loop with NFκB involving ubiquitin-independent degradation of IκBɛ. Additional deletion of IκBɛ restored colitis phenotypes and inflammatory gene expression in REGγ-deficient mice. In sum, this study identifies REGγ-mediated control of IκBɛ as a molecular mechanism that contributes to NFκB activation and promotes bowel inflammation and associated tumour formation in response to chronic injury.
TOM1L1 drives membrane delivery of MT1-MMP to promote ERBB2-induced breast cancer cell invasion
Authors: Chevalier Clément , Collin Guillaume , Descamps Simon , Touaitahuata Heiani , Simon Valérie , Reymond Nicolas , Fernandez Laurent , Milhiet Pierre-Emmanuel , Georget Virginie , Urbach Serge , Lasorsa Laurence , Orsetti Béatrice , Boissière-Michot Florence , Lopez-Crapez Evelyne , Theillet Charles , Roche Serge , Benistant Christine 
Published: February 2016

AbstractERBB2 overexpression in human breast cancer leads to invasive carcinoma but the mechanism is not clearly understood. Here we report that TOM1L1 is co-amplified with ERBB2 and defines a subgroup of HER2+/ER+ tumours with early metastatic relapse. TOM1L1 encodes a GAT domain-containing trafficking protein and is a SRC substrate that negatively regulates tyrosine kinase signalling. We demonstrate that TOM1L1 upregulation enhances the invasiveness of ERBB2-transformed cells. This pro-tumoural function does not involve SRC, but implicates membrane-bound membrane-type 1 MMP (MT1-MMP)-dependent activation of invadopodia, membrane protrusions specialized in extracellular matrix degradation. Mechanistically, ERBB2 elicits the indirect phosphorylation of TOM1L1 on Ser321. The phosphorylation event promotes GAT-dependent association of TOM1L1 with the sorting protein TOLLIP and trafficking of the metalloprotease MT1-MMP from endocytic compartments to invadopodia for tumour cell invasion. Collectively, these results show that TOM1L1 is an important element of an ERBB2-driven proteolytic invasive programme and that TOM1L1 amplification potentially enhances the metastatic progression of ERBB2-positive breast cancers.
Prevalence and predictors of androgen receptor and programmed death-ligand 1 in BRCA1-associated and sporadic triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Tung Nadine , Garber Judy E , Hacker Michele R , Torous Vanda , Freeman Gordon J , Poles Emily , Rodig Scott , Alexander Brian , Lee Larissa , Collins Laura C , Schnitt Stuart J 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Background:
Triple-negative breast cancers comprise 15% of breast cancers and are more common in women with BRCA1 mutations. Although most have basal gene expression signatures, others resemble luminal tumors with expression of androgen receptor-related genes and some express the immunoinhibitory protein programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Given the availability of androgen receptor-targeted and immune therapies for triple-negative breast cancers, determining predictors of these biomarkers is important.

Aims:
To determine the prevalence and predictors of androgen receptor and PD-L1 expression in BRCA1-associated and sporadic triple-negative breast cancer.

Methods:
We studied 197 triple-negative breast cancers: 78 (39.6%) from BRCA1 mutation carriers and 119 (60.4%) from noncarriers. Tumor pathology was reviewed and tissue microarray sections were immunostained for androgen receptor and PD-L1.

Results:
Androgen receptor expression was seen in 18% of tumors and was significantly less common in tumors from BRCA1 mutation carriers than noncarriers (9.2 vs. 23.7%; P=0.01). Twenty-six percent of cancers expressed PD-L1 with no significant difference in frequency between carriers and noncarriers. Factors predicting androgen receptor expression were lower histologic grade (odds ratio (OR) 4.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–19.7), older age at diagnosis (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.03–1.7) and PD-L1 expression (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.1–6.1). PD-L1 expression was significantly more common in cancers with lymphocytic infiltrates (OR, 3.3; 95% CI 1.1–10.4) and androgen receptor expression (OR, 3.2; 95% CI 1.4–7.5), and less common in tumors with lymphovascular invasion (OR 0.41; 95% CI 0.18–0.92).

Conclusions:
These results identify predictors for androgen receptor and PD-L1 expression among triple-negative breast cancers that may lead to better treatment selection and participation in clinical trials.
Hepatic carcinoma-associated fibroblasts induce IDO-producing regulatory dendritic cells through IL-6-mediated STAT3 activation
Authors: Cheng J-t , Deng Y-n , Yi H-m , Wang G-y , Fu B-s , Chen W-j , Liu W , Tai Y , Peng Y-w , Zhang Q 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAlthough carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in tumor microenvironments have a critical role in immune cell modulation, their effects on the generation of regulatory dendritic cells (DCs) are still unclear. In this study, we initially show that CAFs derived from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumors facilitate the generation of regulatory DCs, which are characterized by low expression of costimulatory molecules, high suppressive cytokines production and enhanced regulation of immune responses, including T-cell proliferation impairment and promotion of regulatory T-cell (Treg) expansion via indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) upregulation. Our findings also indicate that STAT3 activation in DCs, as mediated by CAF-derived interleukin (IL)-6, is essential to IDO production. Moreover, IDO inhibitor, STAT3 and IL-6 blocking antibodies can reverse this hepatic CAF-DC regulatory function. Therefore, our results provide new insights into the mechanisms by which CAFs induce tumor immune escape as well as a novel cancer immunotherapeutic approach (for example, targeting CAFs, IDO or IL-6).
Histone acetyltransferease p300 modulates TIM4 expression in dendritic cells
Authors: Yang Bo , Li Lin-Jing , Xu Ling-Zhi , Liu Jiang-Qi , Zhang Huan-Ping , Geng Xiao-Rui , Liu Zhi-Gang , Yang Ping-Chang 
Published: February 2016

AbstractTIM4 (T cell immunoglobulin mucin domain molecule-4) plays a critical role in the initiation of skewed T helper (Th) 2 polarization. The factors regulating TIM4 expression are unclear. This study tests a hypothesis that p300 and STAT6 (signal transducer and activator transcription-6) regulates TIM4 expression in dendritic cells (DC). In this study, a food allergy mouse model was developed with ovalbumin (a specific antigen) and cholera toxin (CT; an adjuvant). The chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was performed to evaluate the chromatin changes at TIM4 and STAT6 promoters. The TIM4 expression was evaluated by real time RT-PCR and Western blotting. The results showed that high levels of p300 and TIM4 were detected in the intestinal DCs of mice with intestinal allergy. p300 is involved in the CT-induced TIM4 expression in DCs. p300 interacts with the chromatin at the TIM4 promoter locus in DCs isolated from allergic mice. CT increases p300 expression to regulate STAT6 levels in DCs. STAT6 mediates the CT-induced TIM4 expression in DCs. In conclusion, p300 and STAT6 mediate the microbial product CT-induced TIM4 expression in DCs.
Heterogeneity induces rhythms of weakly coupled circadian neurons
Authors: Gu Changgui , Liang Xiaoming , Yang Huijie , Rohling Jos H. T. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe main clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) regulates circadian rhythms in mammals. The SCN is composed of approximately twenty thousand heterogeneous self-oscillating neurons, that have intrinsic periods varying from 22 h to 28 h. They are coupled through neurotransmitters and neuropeptides to form a network and output a uniform periodic rhythm. Previous studies found that the heterogeneity of the neurons leads to attenuation of the circadian rhythm with strong cellular coupling. In the present study, we investigate the heterogeneity of the neurons and of the network in the condition of constant darkness. Interestingly, we found that the heterogeneity of weakly coupled neurons enables them to oscillate and strengthen the circadian rhythm. In addition, we found that the period of the SCN network increases with the increase of the degree of heterogeneity. As the network heterogeneity does not change the dynamics of the rhythm, our study shows that the heterogeneity of the neurons is vitally important for rhythm generation in weakly coupled systems, such as the SCN and it provides a new method to strengthen the circadian rhythm, as well as an alternative explanation for differences in free running periods between species in the absence of the daily cycle.
Non-invasive cell type selective in vivo monitoring of insulin resistance dynamics
Authors: Paschen Meike , Moede Tilo , Leibiger Barbara , Jacob Stefan , Bryzgalova Galyna , Leibiger Ingo B. , Berggren Per-Olof 
Published: February 2016

AbstractInsulin resistance contributes to the development of cardio-vascular disease and diabetes. An important but unresolved task is to study the dynamics of insulin resistance in selective cell types of insulin target tissues in vivo. Here we present a novel technique to monitor insulin resistance dynamics non-invasively and longitudinally in vivo in a cell type-specific manner, exemplified by the pancreatic β-cell situated within the micro-organ the islet of Langerhans. We utilize the anterior chamber of the eye (ACE) as a transplantation site and the cornea as a natural body-window to study the development and reversibility of insulin resistance. Engrafted islets in the ACE that express a FoxO1-GFP-based biosensor in their β-cells, report on insulin resistance measured by fluorescence microscopy at single-cell resolution in the living mouse. This technique allows monitoring of cell type specific insulin sensitivity/resistance in real-time in the context of whole body insulin resistance during progression and intervention of disease.
Nighttime sleep duration, 24-hour sleep duration and risk of all-cause mortality among adults: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Authors: Shen Xiaoli , Wu Yili , Zhang Dongfeng 
Published: February 2016

AbstractA dose-response meta-analysis was conducted to summarize evidence from prospective cohort studies about the association of nighttime sleep duration and 24-hour sleep duration with risk of all-cause mortality among adults. Pertinent studies were identified by a search of Embase and PubMed databases to March 2015. A two-stage random-effects dose–response meta-analysis was used to combine study-specific relative risks and 95% confidence intervals [RRs (95% CIs)]. Thirty-five articles were included. Compared with 7 hours/day, the RRs (95% CIs) of all-cause mortality were 1.07 (1.03–1.13), 1.04 (1.01–1.07), 1.01 (1.00–1.02), 1.07 (1.06–1.09), 1.21 (1.18–1.24), 1.37 (1.32–1.42) and 1.55 (1.47–1.63) for 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10 and 11 hours/day of nighttime sleep, respectively (146,830 death cases among 1,526,609 participants), and the risks were 1.09 (1.04–1.14), 1.05 (1.02–1.09), 1.02 (1.00–1.03), 1.08 (1.05–1.10), 1.27 (1.20–1.36), 1.53 (1.38–1.70) and 1.84 (1.59–2.13) for 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10 and 11 hours/day of 24-hour sleep, respectively (101,641 death cases among 903,727 participants). The above relationships were also found in subjects without cardiovascular diseases and cancer at baseline, and other covariates did not influence the relationships substantially. The results suggested that 7 hours/day of sleep duration should be recommended to prevent premature death among adults.
Anthropogenic plutonium-244 in the environment: Insights into plutonium’s longest-lived isotope
Authors: Armstrong Christopher R. , Brant Heather A. , Nuessle Patterson R. , Hall Gregory , Cadieux James R. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractOwing to the rich history of heavy element production in the unique high flux reactors that operated at the Savannah River Site, USA (SRS) decades ago, trace quantities of plutonium with highly unique isotopic characteristics still persist today in the SRS terrestrial environment. Development of an effective sampling, processing and analysis strategy enables detailed monitoring of the SRS environment, revealing plutonium isotopic compositions, e.g., 244Pu, that reflect the unique legacy of plutonium production at SRS. This work describes the first long-term investigation of anthropogenic 244Pu occurrence in the environment. Environmental samples, consisting of collected foot borne debris, were taken at SRS over an eleven year period, from 2003 to 2014. Separation and purification of trace plutonium was carried out followed by three stage thermal ionization mass spectrometry (3STIMS) measurements for plutonium isotopic content and isotopic ratios. Significant 244Pu was measured in all of the years sampled with the highest amount observed in 2003. The 244Pu content, in femtograms (fg = 10−15 g) per gram, ranged from 0.31 fg/g to 44 fg/g in years 2006 and 2003 respectively. In all years, the 244Pu/239Pu atom ratios were significantly higher than global fallout, ranging from 0.003 to 0.698 in years 2014 and 2003 respectively.
Heterotrophic respiration does not acclimate to continuous warming in a subtropical forest
Authors: Wu Chuansheng , Liang Naishen , Sha Liqing , Xu Xingliang , Zhang Yiping , Lu Huazheng , Song Liang , Song Qinghai , Xie Youneng 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAs heterotrophic respiration (RH) has great potential to increase atmospheric CO2 concentrations, it is important to understand warming effects on RH for a better prediction of carbon–climate feedbacks. However, it remains unclear how RH responds to warming in subtropical forests. Here, we carried out trenching alone and trenching with warming treatments to test the climate warming effect on RH in a subtropical forest in southwestern China. During the measurement period, warming increased annual soil temperature by 2.1 °C and increased annual mean RH by 22.9%. Warming effect on soil temperature (WET) showed very similar pattern with warming effect on RH (WERH), decreasing yearly. Regression analyses suggest that WERH was controlled by WET and also regulated by the soil water content. These results showed that the decrease of WERH was not caused by acclimation to the warmer temperature, but was instead due to decrease of WET. We therefore suggest that global warming will accelerate soil carbon efflux to the atmosphere, regulated by the change in soil water content in subtropical forests.
Mechanical characterization of the P56 mouse brain under large-deformation dynamic indentation
Authors: MacManus David B. , Pierrat Baptiste , Murphy Jeremiah G. , Gilchrist Michael D. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe brain is a complex organ made up of many different functional and structural regions consisting of different types of cells such as neurons and glia, as well as complex anatomical geometries. It is hypothesized that the different regions of the brain exhibit significantly different mechanical properties, which may be attributed to the diversity of cells and anisotropy of neuronal fibers within individual brain regions. The regional dynamic mechanical properties of P56 mouse brain tissue in vitro and in situ at velocities of 0.71–4.28 mm/s, up to a deformation of 70 μm are presented and discussed in the context of traumatic brain injury. The experimental data obtained from micro-indentation measurements were fit to three hyperelastic material models using the inverse Finite Element method. The cerebral cortex elicited a stiffer response than the cerebellum, thalamus and medulla oblongata regions for all velocities. The thalamus was found to be the least sensitive to changes in velocity and the medulla oblongata was most compliant. The results show that different regions of the mouse brain possess significantly different mechanical properties and a significant difference also exists between the in vitro and in situ brain.