bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low risk of concussions in top-level karate competition
Authors: Arriaza Rafael , Cierna Dusana , Regueiro Patricia , Inman David , Roman Franco , Abarca Benjamin , Barrientos Mercé , Saavedra Miguel A 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundAlthough it is well known that injuries occur in combat sports, the true incidence of concussions is not clearly defined in the literature for karate competition.AimTo determine the incidence of concussions in top-level (World Karate Federation World Championships) karate competition.MethodsInjuries that took place in 4 consecutive World Karate Championships (from 2008 to 2014) were prospectively registered. A total of 4625 fights (2916 in the male category and 1709 in the female category) were scrutinised, and concussions were identified and analysed separately for frequency (rate per fight) and injury risk.ResultsA total of 4 concussions were diagnosed by the attending physicians after carrying out athlete examinations. Globally, there was 1 concussion in every 1156 fights, or 0.43/1000 athlete-exposures (AE). In male athletes, the rate of concussion was 1/5832 min of fighting, and in female athletes, it was 1/6836 min. OR for concussion in women is 0.57 (95% CI 0.06 to 5.47; z=0.489; p=0.6249) and risk ratio for concussions in men is RR 1.478 (95% CI 0.271 to 8.072), p=0.528, representing a higher risk of definite concussions in men than in women, but not statistically significant. There is not a significantly higher risk of concussions in team competition (no weight limit) when compared with individual competition (held with strict weight limits for each category).ConclusionThe risk of concussions in top-level karate competition is low, with a tendency for an increased risk for men and for competition without weight limits, but not statistically significant with respect to women or individual competition.
Cancer Data and Aboriginal Disparities (CanDAD)—developing an Advanced Cancer Data System for Aboriginal people in South Australia: a mixed methods research protocol
Authors: Yerrell Paul Henry , Roder David , Cargo Margaret , Reilly Rachel , Banham David , Micklem Jasmine May , Morey Kim , Stewart Harold Bundamurra , Stajic Janet , Norris Michael , Brown Alex 
Published: December 2016

IntroductionIn Australia, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People carry a greater burden of cancer-related mortality than non-Aboriginal Australians. The Cancer Data and Aboriginal Disparities Project aims to develop and test an integrated, comprehensive cancer monitoring and surveillance system capable of incorporating epidemiological and narrative data to address disparities and advocate for clinical system change.Methods and analysisThe Advanced Cancer Data System will integrate routinely collected unit record data from the South Australian Population Cancer Registry and a range of other data sources for a retrospective cohort of indigenous people with cancers diagnosed from 1990 to 2010. A randomly drawn non-Aboriginal cohort will be matched by primary cancer site, sex, age and year at diagnosis. Cross-tabulations and regression analyses will examine the extent to which demographic attributes, cancer stage and survival vary between the cohorts. Narratives from Aboriginal people with cancer, their families, carers and service providers will be collected and analysed using patient pathway mapping and thematic analysis. Statements from the narratives will structure both a concept mapping process of rating, sorting and prioritising issues, focusing on issues of importance and feasibility, and the development of a real-time Aboriginal Cancer Measure of Experience for ongoing linkage with epidemiological data in the Advanced Cancer Data System. Aboriginal Community engagement underpins this Project.Ethics and disseminationThe research has been approved by relevant local and national ethics committees. Findings will be disseminated in local and international peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations. In addition, the research will provide data for knowledge translation activities across the partner organisations and feed directly into the Statewide Cancer Control Plan. It will provide a mechanism for monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the recommendations in these documents.
Cohort profile of BIOMArCS: the BIOMarker study to identify the Acute risk of a Coronary Syndrome—a prospective multicentre biomarker study conducted in the Netherlands
Authors: Oemrawsingh Rohit M , Akkerhuis K Martijn , Umans Victor A , Kietselaer Bas , Schotborgh Carl , Ronner Eelko , Lenderink Timo , Liem Anho , Haitsma David , van der Harst Pim , Asselbergs Folkert W , Maas Arthur , Oude Ophuis Anton J , Ilmer Ben , Dijkgraaf Rene , de Winter Robbert-Jan , The S Hong Kie , Wardeh Alexander J , Hermans Walter , Cramer Etienne , van Schaik Ron H , Hoefer Imo E , Doevendans Pieter A , Simoons Maarten L , Boersma Eric 
Published: December 2016

PurposeProgression of stable coronary artery disease (CAD) towards acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a dynamic and heterogeneous process with many intertwined constituents, in which a plaque destabilising sequence could lead to ACS within short time frames. Current CAD risk assessment models, however, are not designed to identify increased vulnerability for the occurrence of coronary events within a precise, short time frame at the individual patient level. The BIOMarker study to identify the Acute risk of a Coronary Syndrome (BIOMArCS) was designed to evaluate whether repeated measurements of multiple biomarkers can predict such ‘vulnerable periods’.ParticipantsBIOMArCS is a multicentre, prospective, observational study of 844 patients presenting with ACS, either with or without ST-elevation and at least one additional cardiovascular risk factor.Methods and analysisWe hypothesised that patterns of circulating biomarkers that reflect the various pathophysiological components of CAD, such as distorted lipid metabolism, vascular inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, increased thrombogenicity and ischaemia, diverge in the days to weeks before a coronary event. Divergent biomarker patterns, identified by serial biomarker measurements during 1-year follow-up might then indicate ‘vulnerable periods’ during which patients with CAD are at high short-term risk of developing an ACS. Venepuncture was performed every fortnight during the first half-year and monthly thereafter. As prespecified, patient enrolment was terminated after the primary end point of cardiovascular death or hospital admission for non-fatal ACS had occurred in 50 patients. A case–cohort design will explore differences in temporal patterns of circulating biomarkers prior to the repeat ACS.Future plans and disseminationFollow-up and event adjudication have been completed. Prespecified biomarker analyses are currently being performed and dissemination through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations is expected from the third quarter of 2016. Should identification of a ‘vulnerable period’ prove to be feasible, then future research could focus on event reduction through pharmacological or mechanical intervention during such periods of high risk for ACS.Trial registration numberNTR1698 and NTR1106.
Mechanical thrombectomy for basilar artery thrombosis: a comparison of outcomes with anterior circulation occlusions
Authors: Alonso de Leciñana María , Kawiorski Michal M , Ximénez-Carrillo Álvaro , Cruz-Culebras Antonio , García-Pastor Andrés , Martínez-Sánchez Patricia , Fernández-Prieto Andrés , Caniego José Luis , Méndez Jose Carlos , Zapata-Wainberg Gustavo , De Felipe-Mimbrera Alicia , Díaz-Otero Fernando , Ruiz-Ares Gerardo , Frutos Remedios , Bárcena-Ruiz Eduardo , Fandiño Eduardo , Marín Begoña , Vivancos José , Masjuan Jaime , Gil-Nuñez Antonio , Díez-Tejedor Exuperio , Fuentes Blanca ,   Madrid Stroke Network
Published: December 2016

Background and purposeThe benefits of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in basilar artery occlusions (BAO) have not been explored in recent clinical trials. We compared outcomes and procedural complications of MT in BAO with anterior circulation occlusions.MethodsData from the Madrid Stroke Network multicenter prospective registry were analyzed, including baseline characteristics, procedure times, procedural complications, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (SICH), modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and mortality at 3 months.ResultsOf 479 patients treated with MT, 52 (11%) had BAO. The onset to reperfusion time lapse was longer in patients with BAO (median (IQR) 385 min (320–540) vs 315 min (240–415), p<0.001), as was the duration of the procedures (100 min (40–130) vs 60 min (39–90), p=0.006). Moreover, the recanalization rate was lower (75% vs 84%, p=0.01). A trend toward more procedural complications was observed in patients with BAO (32% vs 21%, p=0.075). The frequency of SICH was 2% vs 5% (p=0.25). At 3 months, patients with BAO had a lower rate of independence (mRS 0–2) (40% vs 58%, p=0.016) and higher mortality (33% vs 12%, p<0.001). The rate of futile recanalization was 50% in BAO versus 35% in anterior circulation occlusions (p=0.05). Age and duration of the procedure were significant predictors of futile recanalization in BAO.ConclusionsMT is more laborious and shows more procedural complications in BAO than in anterior circulation strokes. The likelihood of futile recanalization is higher in BAO and is associated with greater age and longer procedure duration. A refinement of endovascular procedures for BAO might help optimize the results.
Lower coronary plaque burden in patients with HIV presenting with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: O'Dwyer E J , Bhamra-Ariza P , Rao S , Emmanuel S , Carr A , Holloway C J 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveTreated HIV infection is associated with a higher incidence of coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction, although the mechanisms remain unclear. We sought to characterise the burden of coronary artery disease in men with HIV using retrospective data from invasive coronary angiograms in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).MethodsDemographic and coronary angiographic data were obtained from 160 men with ST elevation myocardial infarction, non-STEMI or high-risk chest pain; 73 HIV-infected cases and 87 age-matched controls. The burden of coronary disease was calculated using the Gensini Angiographic Scoring System by 2 independent cardiologists blinded to HIV status.ResultsThe 2 groups were matched for age, sex and cardiac event subtype and there was no difference in rates of smoking or cholesterol levels. Compared with control participants, patients with HIV had higher usage of antihypertensives (46 (63%) vs 30 (35%), p<0.001) and statins (47 (64%) vs 29 (33%), p<0.001). There was no difference in plaque distribution between both groups; however, the Gensini score was 42% lower in cases with HIV than in controls (p<0.03). C reactive protein was higher in cases with HIV (13.4±15.4 vs 3.7±3.6).ConclusionsMen with HIV presenting with ACS paradoxically had a lower burden of coronary plaque than matched controls, despite more aggressive risk factor management, suggesting that plaque vulnerability, rather than total burden of atherosclerosis, may be important in the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease in men with HIV.
High prevalence of modifiable stroke risk factors identified in a pharmacy-based screening programme
Authors: Sandhu Roopinder K , Dolovich Lisa , Deif Bishoy , Barake Walid , Agarwal Gina , Grinvalds Alex , Lim Ting , Quinn F Russell , Gladstone David , Conen David , Connolly Stuart J , Healey Jeff S 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundPopulation-based screening for atrial fibrillation (AF) is a promising public health strategy to prevent stroke. However, none of the published reports have evaluated comprehensive screening for additional stroke risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes in a pharmacy setting.MethodsThe Program for the Identification of ‘Actionable’ Atrial Fibrillation in the Pharmacy Setting (PIAAF-Pharmacy) screened individuals aged ≥65 years, attending community pharmacies in Canada, who were not receiving oral anticoagulation (OAC). Participants were screened for AF using a hand-held ECG device, had blood pressure (BP) measured, and diabetes risk estimated using the Canadian Diabetes Risk Assessment Questionnaire (CANRISK) questionnaire. ‘Actionable’ AF was defined as unrecognised or undertreated AF. A 6-week follow-up visit with the family physician was suggested for participants with ‘actionable’ AF and a scheduled 3-month visit occurred at an AF clinic.ResultsDuring 6 months, 1145 participants were screened at 30 pharmacies. ‘Actionable’ AF was identified in 2.5% (95% CI 1.7 to 3.6; n=29); of these, 96% were newly diagnosed. Participants with ‘actionable AF’ had a mean age of 77.2±6.8 years, 58.6% were male and 93.1% had a CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥2. A BP>140/90 was found in 54.9% (616/1122) of participants and 44.4% (214/492) were found to be at high risk of diabetes. At 3 months, only 17% of participants were started on OAC, 50% had improved BP and 71% had confirmatory diabetes testing.ConclusionsIntegrated stroke screening identifies a high prevalence of individuals who could benefit from stroke prevention therapies but must be coupled with a defined care pathway.
Emergency department interpretation of CT of the brain: a systematic review
Authors: Evans Lachlan R , Fitzgerald Mark C , Mitra Biswadev , Varma Dinesh 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTBackground and objectivesCT of the brain (CTB) is one of the most common radiological investigations performed in the emergency department (ED). Emergency clinicians rely upon this imaging modality to aid diagnosis and guide management. However, their capacity to accurately interpret CTB is unclear. This systematic review aims to determine this capacity and identify the potential need for interventions directed towards improving the ability of emergency clinicians in this important area.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was conducted without date restrictions. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases and studies reporting the primary outcome of concordance of CTB interpretation between a non-radiologist and a radiology specialist were identified. Studies were assessed for heterogeneity and a subgroup analysis of pooled data based on medical specialty was carried out to specifically identify the concordance of ED clinicians. The quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE criteria.ResultsThere were 21 studies included in this review. Among the included studies, 12 reported on the concordance of emergency clinicians, 5 reported on radiology trainees and 4 on surgeons. Clinical and statistical heterogeneity between studies was high (I2=97.8%, p&lt;0.01). The concordance in the emergency subgroup was the lowest among all subgroups with a range of 0.63–0.95 and a clinically significant error rate ranging from 0.02 to 0.24.ConclusionsHeterogeneity and the presence of bias limit our confidence in these findings. However, the variance in the interpretation of CTB between emergency clinicians and radiologists suggests that interventions towards improving accuracy may be useful.
Transgenic overexpression of macrophage matrix metalloproteinase-9 exacerbates age-related cardiac hypertrophy, vessel rarefaction, inflammation, and fibrosis
Authors: Toba Hiroe , Cannon Presley L. , Yabluchanskiy Andriy , Iyer Rugmani Padmanabhan , D’Armiento Jeanine , Lindsey Merry L. 
Published: December 2016

Advancing age is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is secreted by macrophages and robustly increases in the left ventricle (LV) with age. The present study investigated the effect of MMP-9 overexpression in macrophages on cardiac aging. We compared 16- to 21-mo-old C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) and transgenic (TG) male and female mice ( n = 15–20/group). MMP-9 overexpression amplified the hypertrophic response to aging, as evidenced by increased LV wall thickness and myocyte cross-sectional areas ( P < 0.05 for both). MMP-9 overexpression reduced LV expression of the angiogenesis-related factors ICAM-1, integrins α3 and β3, platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, thrombospondin-1, tenascin-c, and versican (all P < 0.05). Concomitantly, the number of vessels in the TG was lower than WT LV ( P < 0.05). This led to a mismatch in the muscle-to-vessel ratio and resulted in increased cardiac inflammation. Out of 84 inflammatory genes analyzed, 16 genes increased in the TG compared with WT (all P < 0.05). Of the elevated genes, 14 were proinflammatory genes. The increase in cardiac inflammation resulted in greater accumulation of interstitial collagen in TG ( P < 0.05). Fractional shortening was similar between groups, indicating that global cardiac function was still preserved at this age. In conclusion, overexpression of MMP-9 in macrophages resulted in exacerbated cardiac hypertrophy in the setting of vessel rarefaction, which resulted in enhanced inflammation and fibrosis to augment the cardiac-aging phenotype. Our results provide evidence that macrophage-derived MMP-9 may be a therapeutic target in elderly subjects.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The present study was the first to use mice with transgenic overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in macrophages to examine the effects of macrophage-derived MMP-9 on cardiac aging. We found that an elevation in macrophage-derived MMP-9 induced a greater age-dependent cardiac hypertrophy and vessel rarefaction phenotype, which enhanced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis.Listen to this article's corresponding podcast at http://ajpheart.podbean.com/e/macrophage-mmp-9-accelerates-cardiac-aging/ .
Distinct patterns of B-cell receptor signaling in non-Hodgkin lymphomas identified by single-cell profiling
Authors: Myklebust June H. , Brody Joshua , Kohrt Holbrook E. , Kolstad Arne , Czerwinski Debra K. , Wälchli Sébastien , Green Michael R. , Trøen Gunhild , Liestøl Knut , Beiske Klaus , Houot Roch , Delabie Jan , Alizadeh Ash A. , Irish Jonathan M. , Levy Ronald 
Published: December 2016

Key PointsContrasting patterns of basal phosphorylation levels and α-BCR–induced signaling between CLL and MCL tumors. Direct association between BCR-induced signaling strength and CD79B level, but inverse association with BTK and SYK inhibitor efficacy.
Building aspirations… building ambitions?
Authors: Gandhi Shan 
Published: December 2016

Much has been written of late on the requirements of a patient-centred hospital environment suitable for healing. So much so that, within healthcare, the theoretical concept is referred to as ‘evidence-based design’, in which – through form and function – the positive interaction and outcomes that buildings and their environments can have on the health, recovery, safety and wellbeing of patients and carers – and on the health and morale of its staff – is considered. In view of Birmingham’s new £50 million Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry opening its doors to the public earlier this year, this article provides a précis of the establishment, and illustrates how evidence-based healthcare design concepts have been woven into its design.
Simondon on Datafication. A Techno-Cultural Method
Authors: Coté Mark , Pybus Jennifer 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This article proposes the techno-cultural workshop as an innovative method for opening up the materiality of computational media and data flows and order to increase understanding of the socio-cultural and political-economic dimensions of datafication. Building upon the critical, creative hacker ethos of technological engagement, and the collective practice of the hackathon, the techno-cultural workshops is directed at humanities researchers and social and cultural theorists. We conceptually frame this method via Simondon as a practice-led opportunity to rethink the contested relationship between the human, nature and technology, with a view to challenging social and cultural theory that ignores the human reality of the technical object. We outline an exemplar techno-cultural workshop which explored mobile apps as i) an opportunity to use new digital tools for empirical research, and ii) as technical objects and elements for better understanding their social and cultural dimensions. We see political efficacy in the techno-cultural method not only in augmenting critical and creative agency, but as a practical exploration of the concept of data technicity, an inexhaustible relationality that exceeds the normative and regulatory utility of the data we generate and can be linked anew into collective capacities to act.
Logistics of Trainsets Creation with the Use of
Simulation Models
Authors: Sedláček Michal , Pavelka Hynek 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This paper focuses on rail transport in following
the train formation operational processes problem using
computer simulations. The problem has been solved using
SIMUL8 and applied to specific train formation station in
the Czech Republic. The paper describes a proposal simulation
model of the train formation work. Experimental
modeling with an assessment of achievements and design
solution for optimizing of the train formation operational
process is also presented.
An iterative method to calculate the thermal
characteristics of the rock mass with inaccurate
initial data
Authors: Rysbaiuly Bolatbek , Yunicheva Nadiya , Rysbayeva Nazerke 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The paper discusses the coefficient inverse problem
for one-dimensional heat equation with inaccurate
initial data. A conjugate difference problem is developed
on difference level. The problem is solved by method of
interval analysis. Condition of applicability of Thomas
method and its computational convergence are obtained.
Estimates of the interval width of solutions of difference
problems and functions of Thomas method are also
gained.
A tridimensional model for the motion of nanobots
at high viscosity coeflcient environment based on
Navier-Stokes’ Equation, by applying Oseen’s
approximation
Authors: Jorkesh Alireza , Ghaffari Amir Hossein , Suratgar Amir Abolfazleh , Afify Mahmoud Dehghan 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Till now, various models of the motion of
nanobots have been submitted; the pioneer models, in
spite of being exact in mathematics, had their own kind of
problems. The most recent challenge is to describe a model
whose attitude can be practical so that these motions can
be estimated. Considering the massive uses of nanobots,
the kinds of motions and velocities of these very small
robots need to be studied in a more accurate way. In this
essay, we tried to develop a three-dimensional model. The
three dimensional model is based on 7 spheres and 6 arms
and describes a kind of movement requiring 2 spheres at
each arm. The velocity of each kind has also been evaluated.
Furthermore, two kinds of three-dimensional movements
have been issued and compared as well. That will
result in the simplicity of the equations. By applying Oseen’s
approximation in the Stokes’ equation, the velocity
in various media has been calculated and modulated.
Electrodeposition and characterization of
one-dimensional CuInSe2 nanostructures in
mesoporous silicon templates
Authors: De La Luz-Merino S. , Calixto M. E. , Méndez-Blas A. , Marí-Soucase B. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this work, the electrodeposition and characterization
of 1D CuInSe2 (CIS) nanostructures formed by
the assistance of porous silicon (PSi) templates is presented.
The formation of CIS was found to be potential dependent
on the specific substrate being used. The filling
process of the pores of PSi template was studied directly
by the current transient response during electrodeposition
of nanostructured CIS and results were compared with FESEM
images. CIS nanostructures were fully characterized
by using FE-SEM, FIB, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy, in
order to know their physical properties.