bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solvothermally‐Prepared Cu2O Electrocatalysts for CO2 Reduction with Tunable Selectivity by the Introduction of p‐Block Elements
Authors: Larrazábal Gastón O. , Martín Antonio J. , Krumeich Frank , Hauert Roland , Pérez‐Ramírez Javier 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe electroreduction of CO2 to fuels and chemicals is an attractive strategy for the valorization of CO2 emissions. In this study, a Cu2O electrocatalyst prepared by a simple and potentially scalable solvothermal route effectively targeted CO evolution at low‐to‐moderate overpotentials [with a current efficiency for CO (CECO) of ca. 60 % after 12 h at −0.6 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE], and its selectivity was tuned by the introduction of p‐block elements (In, Sn, Ga, Al) into the catalyst. SEM, HRTEM, and voltammetric analyses revealed that the Cu2O catalyst undergoes extensive surface restructuring (favorable for CO evolution) under the reaction conditions. The modification of Cu2O with Sn and In further enhanced the current efficiency (CE) for CO (ca. 75 % after 12 h at −0.6 V). In contrast, the introduction of Al altered the selectivity profile of the catalyst significantly, decreasing the selectivity toward CO but promoting the reduction of CO2 to ethylene (CE≈7 %), n‐propanol, and ethanol (CE≈2 % each) at −0.8 V vs. RHE. This result is related to a decreased reducibility of Al‐doped Cu2O that might preserve Cu+ species (favorable for C2H4 production) under the reaction conditions, which is supported by XRD, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and H2 temperature‐programmed reduction observations.
MVL‐PUFs: multiple‐valued logic physical unclonable functions
Authors: Tao Sha , Dubrova Elena 
Published: December 2016

SummaryPhysical unclonable functions (PUFs) are promising hardware security primitives suitable for protecting resource‐constrained devices. In this paper, we propose to use multiple‐valued logic (MVL) for implementing hardware‐efficient PUF integrated circuits. We show that by extracting device mismatch in either current‐mode or voltage‐mode MVL comparators, the proposed PUF circuits can generate unique and reliable chip identifiers. In order to stabilize PUF responses, we utilize multiple thresholds of MVL comparators, whose outputs are selected and combined according to the sensed temperature. To reduce power and further enhance reliability, the PUF circuits are biased in the weak‐inversion region. Evaluation results show that the proposed MVL‐PUFs are unique and reliable over a wide temperature range. In addition, they significantly improve the energy efficiency of the state‐of‐the‐art PUFs. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of protein‐flavour binding on flavour delivery and protein functional properties: A special emphasis on plant‐based proteins
Authors: Wang Kun , Arntfield Susan D. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAs the loss of free volatile compounds in aqueous protein systems is known to greatly influence the quality, and therefore the consumer acceptability, of protein‐containing foods, examination of the ability of different proteins to react with volatile flavour compounds as well as the nature of the interaction are of great interest to flavour chemists. It is generally believed that the affinity of flavour to proteins is a multi‐factor function related to protein source, protein conformation and stereochemistry of the flavour compound. However, the nature of protein‐flavour interactions has not been explicit. Less focus has been put on plant‐based proteins in comparison to animal proteins. With an increase in the use of plant‐based proteins in food systems, this article provides a fundamental review of the impact protein‐flavour interactions on flavour retention and release with a special emphasis on plant protein materials. Flavour‐food matrix interactions have been examined with a focus on how they influence flavour perception. Current knowledge on methodologies involved in protein‐flavour binding studies, binding mechanisms and factors affecting the interaction have been discussed. The implication of protein‐flavour interaction on protein functionality specifically protein thermal gelation properties has also been considered. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Persian and almond gums as fat replacers on the physicochemical, rheological, and microstructural attributes of low‐fat Iranian White cheese
Authors: Jooyandeh Hossein , Goudarzi Mostafa , Rostamabadi Hadis , Hojjati Mohammad 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe effect of Persian and almond gums (0, 0.1 and 0.2% (w/w)) as fat replacers and milk fat (0.4, 0.9, and 1.4% (w/w)) on physicochemical and rheological characteristics and microstructure of low‐fat Iranian White cheese was studied. Persian and almond gums both effectively increased moisture‐to‐protein (M:P) ratio of low‐fat cheese samples which in turn led to a significant reduction in the hardness parameters fracture stress and Young's and storage (G’) moduli (p < .05); however, the effect of Persian gum was more pronounced (p < .01). Gum addition promoted cheese yield and proteolysis rate (p < .05). Response surface optimization described that supplementation of cheese milk containing 0.9% fat with 0.2% Persian gum and 0.12% almond gum would result in a low‐fat cheese with textural properties similar to its full‐fat counterpart. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the fat replacers produced full‐fat‐like structure in the low‐fat Iranian White cheese, when incorporated at the optimum levels.
Whole exome association of rare deletions in multiplex oral cleft families
Authors: Fu Jack , Beaty Terri H. , Scott Alan F. , Hetmanski Jacqueline , Parker Margaret M. , Wilson Joan E. Bailey , Marazita Mary L. , Mangold Elisabeth , Albacha‐Hejazi Hasan , Murray Jeffrey C. , Bureau Alexandre , Carey Jacob , Cristiano Stephen , Ruczinski Ingo , Scharpf Robert B. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTBy sequencing the exomes of distantly related individuals in multiplex families, rare mutational and structural changes to coding DNA can be characterized and their relationship to disease risk can be assessed. Recently, several rare single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were associated with an increased risk of nonsyndromic oral cleft, highlighting the importance of rare sequence variants in oral clefts and illustrating the strength of family‐based study designs. However, the extent to which rare deletions in coding regions of the genome occur and contribute to risk of nonsyndromic clefts is not well understood. To identify putative structural variants underlying risk, we developed a pipeline for rare hemizygous deletions in families from whole exome sequencing and statistical inference based on rare variant sharing. Among 56 multiplex families with 115 individuals, we identified 53 regions with one or more rare hemizygous deletions. We found 45 of the 53 regions contained rare deletions occurring in only one family member. Members of the same family shared a rare deletion in only eight regions. We also devised a scalable global test for enrichment of shared rare deletions.
Physical restraints and associations with neuropsychiatric symptoms and personal characteristics in residential care: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kuronen Marja , Kautiainen Hannu , Karppi Pertti , Hartikainen Sirpa , Koponen Hannu 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundPhysical restraints are widely used in residential care. The objective was to investigate restraint use and its associations with neuropsychiatric symptoms and personal characteristics in residential care.MethodsData were collected in the South Savo Hospital District from 66 of 68 public or private institutions providing long‐term residential care. Nurses assessed the use of physical restraints and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) included in the symptom list of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Drug use was obtained from medical records, and activities of daily living (ADL) were assessed by the nurses according to the Barthel Index.ResultsThe total number of persons in residential care was 1386. Any restraint was used for 721 patients (52%) in the preceding 24 h. Bedrails were the most common restraints. In the multivariate analysis, psychotic symptoms (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.14–3.31) and use of benzodiazepines (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.18–2.41) were positively associated with restraint use, whereas antipsychotic (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.44–0.87) and antidepressant drug use (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.45–0.90) and higher ADL score (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.92–0.93) were negatively associated. Concomitant use of at least two restraints was associated with high prevalence of hyperactivity NPS symptoms.ConclusionsMore than half of the residents were exposed to some physical restraint, most frequently bedrails, within the last 24 h. Psychotic symptoms and benzodiazepine use increased while good ADL and antipsychotic or antidepressant use decreased the risk of restraint use. Bedridden persons were the most frequently restrained which may pose an ethical problem. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The cost of care homes for people with dementia in England: a modelling approach
Authors: Romeo Renee , Knapp Martin , Salverda Suzanne , Orrell Martin , Fossey Jane , Ballard Clive 
Published: December 2016

ObjectivesTo examine the cost of care for people with dementia in institutional care settings, to understand the major cost drivers and to highlight opportunities for service development.MethodsData on 277 residents with dementia in 16 UK residential or nursing homes were collected. We estimated care and support costs and fitted models to the data. Sensitivity analyses were also conducted.ResultsCare home residents cost £792 weekly: 95% of the costs accounted for by direct fees. Hospital contacts contributed the largest proportion of the additional costs. Having an established diagnosis of dementia (b = 0.070; p < 0.05) was associated with higher costs. No association was found between cost and needs (b = −0.002; p = 0.818).ConclusionThe absence of an association between cost and needs emphasizes the importance of a more needs‐based costing system which could result in clinical and economic advantages. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Categorical ERP repetition effects for human and furniture items in 7‐month‐old infants
Authors: Peykarjou Stefanie , Wissner Julia , Pauen Sabina 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBehavioural and recent neural evidence indicates that young infants discriminate broad stimulus categories. However, little is known about the categorical perception of humans represented as full bodies with heads and their discrimination from inanimate objects. This study compares infants' brain processing of human and furniture pictures, probing infants' categorization skills with an event‐related potential (ERP) paradigm. Seven‐month‐old infants (n = 23) were tested in a rapid repetition ERP paradigm. Trials consisted of two consecutive stimuli: prime and target. Different ERP parameters (Nc, PSW) were compared across human and furniture items and for repeated and unrepeated categories. The PSW was consistently enhanced for unrepeated compared to repeated categories, thus indicating category discrimination. Nc amplitude was enhanced for furniture primes compared to human primes, but not for corresponding targets. In sum, these findings suggest that ERP rapid repetition studies are suitable for probing perceptual category discrimination in infancy. 7‐month‐olds discriminated between humans, presented as full body pictures, and furniture exemplars, but did not seem to prefer either of these categories.Highlights

7‐month‐olds' ability to categorize humans and furniture items was tested using rapid repetition ERPs.
The PSW was enhanced for unrepeated categories, indicating broad categorization.
The Nc, indicating neural attention, was not enhanced for humans compared to furniture items.
Development and utility of a medication self‐assessment tool for community‐based healthcare services
Authors: Ritchie Usha C. , Turner Sean C. , Field Carolyn 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe safe and quality use of medicines is a key priority for healthcare organisations, and there are governance responsibilities for all facilities in which medications are stored, prescribed and administered. There are often difficulties in understanding medication use in smaller community‐based healthcare services. In the absence of suitable existing published resources, we developed a self‐assessment tool to help identify gaps in medication management and safety specifically for use in the Women's and Children's Health Network's services located external to the main hospital campus. The tool identified several issues, including insufficient licensing, suboptimal communication of medication practice changes and inadequate documentation of medicine administration in some settings. Action plans were developed in consultation with clinical staff. The self‐assessment tool was well received by staff, improved our organisation's understanding of medication use outside the main hospital, and has helped provide evidence for meeting accreditation requirements for the safe and quality use of medicines.
Population responses of a native bird species to rat control
Authors: Armstrong Doug P. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTInvasive‐predator control can be beneficial to native species, but it is important to quantify those benefits to ensure they justify the costs. In a previous study (2005–2011), a modified before‐after‐control‐impact (BACI) design was used to estimate the effect of rat control in farmland forest fragments on vital rates of North Island robins (Petroica longipes), a New Zealand native bird species often targeted in private restoration initiatives. Based on the results, continuous rat control was implemented in 5 fragments predicted to have a high probability of subpopulation growth. Here, I report subsequent abundance estimates; the number of robins in those fragments increased from 57 to 134, from 2011–2014, closely matching the prediction of 131 based on the previous vital rate estimates. In comparison, numbers declined or stayed relatively stable over this period in 8 non‐controlled fragments, except for 1 fragment that was adjacent to 1 of the controlled fragments and therefore would have received juveniles dispersing from it. Therefore, the results illustrate that where there is uncertainty about where to conduct control operations, short‐term data on survival and reproduction can be used to predict longer‐term effects, allowing predator‐control efforts to be done strategically. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
Analytic invariant curves for an iterative equation related to dissipative standard map
Authors: Zhao Houyu , Tian Liu 
Published: December 2016

In this paper, we study existence of invariant curves of an iterative equation

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma4260:mma4260-math-0001
which is from dissipative standard map. By constructing an invertible analytic solution g(x) of an auxiliary equation of the form

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma4260:mma4260-math-0002
invertible analytic solutions of the form g(λg − 1(x)) for the original iterative functional equation are obtained. Besides the hyperbolic case 0 < |λ| < 1, we focus on those λ on the unit circle S1, that is, |λ| = 1. We discuss not only those λ at resonance, that is, at a root of the unity, but also those λ near resonance under the Brjuno condition. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gradient‐echo EPI using a high‐degree shim insert coil at 7 T: Implications for BOLD fMRI
Authors: Kim Tae , Lee Yoojin , Zhao Tiejun , Hetherington Hoby P. , Pan Jullie W. 
Published: December 2016

PurposeTo quantitatively assess the effects of high degree and order (1st–4th+) relative to 1st–2nd degree B0 shimming at 7 Tesla (T) on gradient‐echo echo planar imaging (GE‐EPI) and blood‐oxygen‐level dependent (BOLD) activation.MethodsSimulations and GE‐EPI were performed at (2mm)3 and (3mm)3 resolution, evaluating the temporal signal‐to‐noise ratio (tSNR), transverse relaxivity (
), BOLD % signal change and activated pixel counts in a breath‐hold task.ResultsComparing the 1st–4th+ degree with 1st–2nd degree shimmed B0 maps generated spatially varying regions of
. As binned in 10‐Hz intervals, the two center Δ|B0| (±10 Hz) bins maintained the B0 offset of 48.6% of gray‐matter pixels. In the positive Δ|B0| bins greater than 10 Hz, the 1st–4th+degree shimming improved the B0 offset in 41.1%; in negative Δ|B0| bins less than −10 Hz, the offset worsened in 10.2% of the pixels. In the positive Δ|B0| bins, we found variable but significant increases in BOLD sensitivity; the negative Δ|B0| bins showed significant decreases. In the breath‐hold studies, positive bins showed significantly increased activated pixel numbers (+5–29%), whereas negative bins showed −18 to 0% decline.Conclusion1st–4th+ degree shimming maintained B0 homogeneity over central brain regions while improving most of the other regions, including the inferior frontal lobe. Magn Reson Med 78:1734–1745, 2017. © 2016 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
Characteristics and significance of doublets on needle EMG
Authors: Lamb Christopher J. , Rubin Devon I. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTIntroductionVoluntary doublets are electrophysiological phenomena thought to be associated with metabolic derangements or neuromuscular conditions.MethodsWe prospectively studied 232 consecutive patients examined by a single examiner during routine electromyography (EMG) to determine the frequency of doublets in individual patients, specific muscles, neuromuscular conditions, electrolyte levels, and doublet characteristics.ResultsOf 232 patients, 25 (10.7%) exhibited doublets. The mean age was 59 (52% men). Only 32 of 1,303 (2.5%) muscles exhibited doublets. Lower extremity and paraspinal groups represented 91% of muscles with doublets. Doublet frequency grouped by EMG diagnoses was: ALS (3 of 11; 27.1%), myopathy (3 of 10; 30.0%), axonal polyneuropathy (7 of 29; 24.1%), and no disease (7 of 109; 6.4%). There were no differences in serum electrolytes between doublet and matched subjects.ConclusionsDoublets occur in approximately 10% of patients, more commonly in lower extremity and paraspinal muscles, and are not correlated with a specific metabolic abnormality or neuromuscular condition. Muscle Nerve 55: 598–600, 2017
HPTLC Bioautography Guided Isolation of α‐Glucosidase Inhibiting Compounds from Justicia secunda Vahl (Acanthaceae)
Authors: Theiler Barbara A. , Istvanits Stefanie , Zehl Martin , Marcourt Laurence , Urban Ernst , Caisa Lugardo O. Espinoza , Glasl Sabine 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIntroductionα‐Glucosidase inhibitors form an essential basis for the development of novel drugs in diabetes type 2 treatment. Searching for α‐glucosidase inhibitors in plants, TLC bioautographic assays have been established and improved within the last years. In traditional medicine, extracts from the leaves of Justicia secunda Vahl are used to treat diabetes mellitus symptoms.ObjectiveTo screen for α‐glucosidase inhibitors in J. secunda via HPTLC bioautography.Methodology – Extracts from the leaves of J. secunda and fractions thereof were evaluated in terms of their α‐glucosidase inhibiting potential by subjecting them to HPTLC bioautography. The aqueous (AQ) fraction deriving from the methanol extract was further fractionated via column chromatography on polystyrene Diaion® HP‐20. Two AQ subfractions revealed active compounds, which were isolated via preparative HPTLC and semipreparative HPLC. Their identification and structure elucidation was achieved employing HPLC‐ESI‐MSn, HRESI‐MS, and NMR analyses.Resultsα‐Glucosidase inhibitors were visualised as white zones on violet background on the TLC plate. The crude water extract, the methanol extract, and the methanol extract derived AQ fraction showed α‐glucosidase inhibiting effects. In the latter, two diastereomeric mixtures responsible for the α‐glucosidase inhibition were enriched. They were identified as the novel 2‐caffeoyloxy‐4‐hydroxy‐glutaric acid and the diastereomers secundarellone B and C.ConclusionThe current study presents the α‐glucosidase inhibiting potential of J. secunda supporting its traditional medicinal use in diabetes mellitus treatment. HPTLC bioautography screening for α‐glucosidase inhibitors provides a simple and effective method for the investigation of complex samples, such as plant extracts. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Performance of MDockPP in CAPRI rounds 28‐29 and 31‐35 including the prediction of water‐mediated interactions
Authors: Xu Xianjin , Qiu Liming , Yan Chengfei , Ma Zhiwei , Grinter Sam Z. , Zou Xiaoqin 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTProtein‐protein interactions are either through direct contacts between two binding partners or mediated by structural waters. Both direct contacts and water‐mediated interactions are crucial to the formation of a protein‐protein complex. During the recent CAPRI rounds, a novel parallel searching strategy for predicting water‐mediated interactions is introduced into our protein‐protein docking method, MDockPP. Briefly, a FFT‐based docking algorithm is employed in generating putative binding modes, and an iteratively derived statistical potential‐based scoring function, ITScorePP, in conjunction with biological information is used to assess and rank the binding modes. Up to 10 binding modes are selected as the initial protein‐protein complex structures for MD simulations in explicit solvent. Water molecules near the interface are clustered based on the snapshots extracted from independent equilibrated trajectories. Then, protein‐ligand docking is employed for a parallel search for water molecules near the protein‐protein interface. The water molecules generated by ligand docking and the clustered water molecules generated by MD simulations are merged, referred to as the predicted structural water molecules. Here, we report the performance of this protocol for CAPRI rounds 28–29 and 31–35 containing 20 valid docking targets and 11 scoring targets. In the docking experiments, we predicted correct binding modes for nine targets, including one high‐accuracy, two medium‐accuracy, and six acceptable predictions. Regarding the two targets for the prediction of water‐mediated interactions, we achieved models ranked as “excellent” in accordance with the CAPRI evaluation criteria; one of these two targets is considered as a difficult target for structural water prediction. Proteins 2017; 85:424–434. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Semi‐global leader‐following consensus of discrete‐time linear multi‐agent systems subject to actuator position and rate saturation
Authors: Zhou Hongtao , Yang Yucheng , Su Housheng , Zeng Wei 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThis paper deals with the leader‐following consensus of discrete‐time multi‐agent systems subject to both position and rate saturation. Each agent is described by a discrete‐time general linear dynamic with actuator subject to position and rate saturation. A modified algebraic Riccati equation and low‐gain feedback design technique are used to construct both state feedback and output feedback control protocols. It is established that a semi‐global leader‐following consensus can be achieved when the system is asymptotically null controllable with bounded controls and a leader agent has a directed path to every follower agent. Finally, several simulations are carried out to illustrate the results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.