bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Biological Correlates of Response in a Phase II Study of Venetoclax Monotherapy in Patients with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Konopleva Marina , Pollyea Daniel A. , Potluri Jalaja , Chyla Brenda , Hogdal Leah , Busman Todd , McKeegan Evelyn , Salem Ahmed Hamed , Zhu Ming , Ricker Justin L. , Blum William , DiNardo Courtney D. , Kadia Tapan , Dunbar Martin , Kirby Rachel , Falotico Nancy , Leverson Joel , Humerickhouse Rod , Mabry Mack , Stone Richard , Kantarjian Hagop , Letai Anthony 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
We present a phase II, single-arm study evaluating 800 mg daily venetoclax, a highly selective, oral small-molecule B-cell leukemia/lymphoma-2 (BCL2) inhibitor in patients with high-risk relapsed/refractory acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) or unfit for intensive chemotherapy. Responses were evaluated following revised International Working Group (IWG) criteria. The overall response rate was 19%; an additional 19% of patients demonstrated antileukemic activity not meeting IWG criteria (partial bone marrow response and incomplete hematologic recovery). Twelve (38%) patients had isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 mutations, of whom 4 (33%) achieved complete response or complete response with incomplete blood count recovery. Six (19%) patients had BCL2-sensitive protein index at screening, which correlated with time on study. BH3 profiling was consistent with on-target BCL2 inhibition and identified potential resistance mechanisms. Common adverse events included nausea, diarrhea and vomiting (all grades), and febrile neutropenia and hypokalemia (grade 3/4). Venetoclax demonstrated activity and acceptable tolerability in patients with AML and adverse features.
Significance: Venetoclax monotherapy demonstrated clinical activity in patients with AML (relapsed/refractory or unfit for intensive chemotherapy) with a tolerable safety profile in this phase II study. Predictive markers of response consistent with BCL2 dependence were identified. Clinical and preclinical findings provide a compelling rationale to evaluate venetoclax combined with other agents in AML. Cancer Discov; 6(10); 1106–17. ©2016 AACR.
See related commentary by Pullarkat and Newman, p. 1082.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1069
Boletín Malala, Universidad de São Paulo: desafíos, resistencias y espacio en Brasil para debates sobre el Islam y el mundo musulmán
Authors: Finguerut Ariel , Lima Cila 
Published: August 2016

A criação de uma publicação para o Grupo de Trabalho Oriente Médio e Mundo Muçulmano (GT-OMMM), em 2013, coordenada pelo professor Peter Robert Demant, ocorreu apenas quatro anos após a fundação do GT, vinculado ao Laboratório de Estudos da Ásia (LEA), no departamento de História da Universidade de São Paulo. O boletim Malala, a começar pela proposta do seu nome suscitou uma série de reflexões sobre disputas político-acadêmicas e questões metodológicas. A experiência com o Boletim tem nos levado a alguns questionamentos: quem estuda Oriente Médio e mundo muçulmano no Brasil, como são e o que se espera desses estudos. A proposta deste paper é abordar a implantação, os primeiros resultados e as percepções que o Boletim recebeu durante este um ano de vida, pontuando a recepção da comunidade acadêmica e as perspectivas que se abrem para se pensar a metodologia para os estudos sobre Oriente Médio e mundo muçulmano no Brasil. Abstract:The creation of a publication for the Working Group Middle East and the Muslim World (GT-OMMM) in 2013, coordinated by Professor Peter Robert Demant, occurred just four years after the foundation of the GT, linked to the Laboratory for the Study of Asia (LEA) in the Department of History, University of São Paulo. The Malala Eletronic Bulletin, starting with the proposal of it is name creates a series of reflections and political and academic disputes and on methodological issues. The experience with the Bulletin has led us to some questions: who studies Middle Eastern and Muslim world in Brazil and what is expected on these studies and work. The purpose of this paper is to address the deployment, to discuss the initial results and the perceptions that the Bulletin received during this first year of existence ,In this paper we will also discuss the methodology for the study of Middle Eastern and Muslim world in Brazil.
Fuzzy Analysis of Students’ Ratings
Authors: Marasini Donata , Quatto Piero , Ripamonti Enrico 
Published: August 2016

Background: Intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFS) represent a methodology for quantifying latent variables in questionnaire analysis through membership and non-membership functions, which are linked by an uncertainty function. Objectives: We aim to apply an IFS approach to the problem of students’ satisfaction of university teaching. Such framework can take into account a source of uncertainty related to items and another related to subjects. Results: A new technique for IFS analysis is set forth and generalized to a multivariate scenario. Potential advantages of the IFS perspective with respect to other nonfuzzy approaches are provided. Application: We apply this method to a national program of university courses evaluation and we focus, in particular, on the outcomes of two Masters in Statistics.
Diagnostic reference levels in low- and middle-income countries: early “ALARAm” bells?
Authors: Meyer Steven , Groenewald Willem A , Pitcher Richard D 
Published: August 2016

Background In 1996 the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) introduced diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) as a quality assurance tool for radiation dose optimization. While many countries have published DRLs, available data are largely from high-income countries. There is arguably a greater need for DRLs in low- and middle-income-countries (LMICs), where imaging equipment may be older and trained imaging technicians are scarce. To date, there has been no critical analysis of the published work on DRLs in LMICs. Such work is important to evaluate data deficiencies and stimulate future quality assurance initiatives. Purpose To review the published work on DRLs in LMICs and to critically analyze the comprehensiveness of available data. Material and Methods Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science database searches were conducted for English-language articles published between 1996 and 2015 documenting DRLs for diagnostic imaging in LMICs. Retrieved articles were analyzed and classified by geographical region, country of origin, contributing author, year of publication, imaging modality, body part, and patient age. Results Fifty-three articles reported DRLs for 28 of 135 LMICs (21%), reflecting data from 26/104 (25%) middle-income countries and 2/31 (6%) low-income countries. General radiography (n = 26, 49%) and computerized tomography (n = 17, 32%) data were most commonly reported. Pediatric DRLs (n = 14, 26%) constituted approximately one-quarter of published work. Conclusion Published DRL data are deficient in the majority of LMICs, with the paucity most striking in low-income countries. DRL initiatives are required in LMICs to enhance dose optimization.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in the Knee Before and After Long-Distance Running—Documentation of Irreversible Structural Damage? A Systematic Review
Authors: Hoessly Menduri L. , Wildi Lukas M. 
Published: August 2016

Background: Various studies have investigated structural knee changes after running, with conflicting results. Purpose: To perform a systematic review of acute changes in knee structures as detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after running and assess the reversibility of these changes. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: A systematic literature search in Medline, Cochrane, Embase, and Scopus was performed. Articles that fulfilled predefined inclusion criteria were included and systematically reviewed according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. Results: A total of 19 studies were included in this review. All studies performed standard knee MRI; 6 studies additionally performed T1ρ and T2 mapping. Sixteen studies assessed cartilage or meniscal morphological changes. Ten found no significant morphological changes after running. Six studies showed significant changes at the first follow-up. Six performed a second follow-up. Five showed no change compared with baseline and the first follow-up, and 1 showed a significant recovery compared with the first follow-up and no significant difference compared with baseline. Five of the 6 studies performing T1ρ and T2 mapping found significant changes in T2 and T1ρ values at the first follow-up. Three performed a second follow-up. Two found a significant recovery of T2 but no recovery of T1ρ. One study did not find a significant change compared with baseline. Ten studies assessed the patellar tendon, ligaments, synovial fluid, or subchondral bone. Changes at the first follow-up were not significant. A second follow-up was performed in 5 studies. All studies discovered recovery from the first follow-up. Conclusion: These data suggest that healthy athletes who have no risk factors for degenerative joint disease may present fleeting quantitative alterations after running. No irreversible, qualitative harmful effects seemed to occur, with the exception of persistent T1ρ elevation representing a proteoglycan depletion. Whether T1ρ changes need more than 3 months to recover or represent permanent structural damage remains to be investigated.
Running and Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Timmins Kate A. , Leech Richard D. , Batt Mark E. , Edwards Kimberley L. 
Published: August 2016

Background:Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic condition characterized by pain, impaired function, and reduced quality of life. A number of risk factors for knee OA have been identified, such as obesity, occupation, and injury. The association between knee OA and physical activity or particular sports such as running is less clear. Previous reviews, and the evidence that informs them, present contradictory or inconclusive findings.Purpose:This systematic review aimed to determine the association between running and the development of knee OA.Study Design:Systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods:Four electronic databases were searched, along with citations in eligible articles and reviews and the contents of recent journal issues. Two reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts using prespecified eligibility criteria. Full-text articles were also independently assessed for eligibility. Eligible studies were those in which running or running-related sports (eg, triathlon or orienteering) were assessed as a risk factor for the onset or progression of knee OA in adults. Relevant outcomes included (1) diagnosis of knee OA, (2) radiographic markers of knee OA, (3) knee joint surgery for OA, (4) knee pain, and (5) knee-associated disability. Risk of bias was judged by use of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed with case-control studies investigating arthroplasty.Results:After de-duplication, the search returned 1322 records. Of these, 153 full-text articles were assessed; 25 were eligible, describing 15 studies: 11 cohort (6 retrospective) and 4 case-control studies. Findings of studies with a diagnostic OA outcome were mixed. Some radiographic differences were observed in runners, but only at baseline within some subgroups. Meta-analysis suggested a protective effect of running against surgery due to OA: pooled odds ratio 0.46 (95% CI, 0.30-0.71). The I2was 0% (95% CI, 0%-73%). Evidence relating to symptomatic outcomes was sparse and inconclusive.Conclusion:With this evidence, it is not possible to determine the role of running in knee OA. Moderate- to low-quality evidence suggests no association with OA diagnosis, a positive association with OA diagnosis, and a negative association with knee OA surgery. Conflicting results may reflect methodological heterogeneity. More evidence from well-designed, prospective studies is needed to clarify the contradictions.
Performance and Injury Characteristics of Pitchers Entering the Major League Baseball Draft After Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Wymore Lucas , Chin Paul , Geary Christopher , Carolan Gregory , Keefe Daniel , Hoenecke Heinz , Fronek Jan 
Published: August 2016

Background: Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) reconstruction (UCLR) has been studied and shown to be a successful procedure for returning overhead athletes to sport. Many studies of Major League Baseball (MLB) players have shown high levels of return to play with successful statistical performance. No study has followed professional advancement of drafted pitchers who underwent UCLR as amateurs when compared with drafted pitchers who did not undergo the procedure before selection in the MLB draft. Hypothesis: There would be no difference in professional advancement, statistical performance, or injury rate between the UCLR and control groups. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Thirty-eight pitchers with a UCLR as an amateur and 114 controls were identified in the MLB draft between 2006 and 2010. Highest level of professional baseball achieved was collected from all players, as well as statistical performance metrics including velocity, wins, earned run average (ERA), and walks and hits per inning pitched (WHIP). Additional data on future injuries were analyzed for days on the disabled list (DL), risk of being placed on the DL, and DL assignment for elbow injury. Results: Thirteen of 38 UCLR pitchers reached the major league level (34.2%) compared with 29 of 114 (25.4%) control pitchers, which was not statically significant ( P = .295). The UCLR and control groups were similar for average velocity, peak velocity, innings pitched, games, games started, innings per game, ERA, WHIP, wins, losses, saves, batters faced, and innings pitched per year, as well as hits, runs, home runs allowed, strikeouts, batters walked, and batters struck per inning. The UCLR group had a significantly increased rate of DL assignment when compared with controls (86.8% vs 64.0%; P = .008); however, days on DL (152.8 vs 135.6; P = .723) and DL assignment for elbow injury (45.5% vs 43.8%; P = .877) were similar. Conclusion: There was no difference in the rate of professional advancement among pitchers drafted by the MLB who had undergone UCLR as amateurs compared with controls. Both groups had similar statistical performance. Pitchers in the UCLR group had an increased risk of DL assignment but no increase in the number of days on DL or risk of DL placement for elbow injury.
Epigenetic Effects of PTSD Remediation in Veterans Using Clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Authors: Church Dawson , Yount Garret , Rachlin Kenneth , Fox Louis , Nelms Jerrod 
Published: August 2016

Purpose: To assess the feasibility of measuring changes in gene expression associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment using emotional freedom techniques (EFT). Design: Participants were randomized into an EFT group receiving EFT and treatment as usual (TAU) throughout a 10-week intervention period and a group receiving only TAU during the intervention period and then receiving EFT. Setting: A community clinic and a research institute in California. Participants: Sixteen veterans with clinical levels of PTSD symptoms. Intervention: Ten hour-long sessions of EFT. Measures: Messenger RNA levels for a focused panel of 93 genes related to PTSD. The Symptom Assessment 45 questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Insomnia Severity Scale, SF-12v2 for physical impairments, and Rivermead Postconcussion Symptoms Questionnaire. Analysis: Pre-, posttreatment, and follow-up mean scores on questionnaires were assessed using repeated measures 1-way analysis of variance. A Student t test and post hoc analyses were performed on gene expression data. Results: Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms declined significantly in the EFT group (−53%, P < .0001). Participants maintained their gains on follow-up. Significant differential expression of 6 genes was found ( P < .05) when comparing the expression levels before and after the intervention period in participants receiving EFT. Conclusion: Study results identify candidate gene expression correlates of successful PTSD treatment, providing guidelines for the design of further studies aimed at exploring the epigenetic effects of EFT.
Drug-Induced Vitamin B12 Deficiency: A Focus on Proton Pump Inhibitors and Histamine-2 Antagonists
Authors: Linder Lauren , Tamboue Cynthia , Clements Jennifer N. 
Published: August 2016

Objective: To review primary literature of gastric acid suppressive agents and vitamin B12 deficiency. Data Synthesis: From the published articles, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are associated with a higher risk of inducing vitamin B12 deficiency than histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs). Literature suggests that there is an increased risk of developing vitamin B12 deficiency in patients who are exposed to extended durations of therapy with PPIs. There are, however, some conflicting data in elderly patients suggesting that the PPI use for more than 3 years does not increase the risk of vitamin B12 deficiency. No evidence was found to support the extended use of H2RA monotherapy causing vitamin B12 deficiency. The inconsistency of results reported could be due to the differing patient populations studied, such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) and elderly patients. Overall, the lack of consistent evidence shows the need for more research in this area. Conclusion: To investigate the clinical significance of vitamin B12 deficiency caused by acid suppression with PPIs and H2RAs, longer prospective studies are needed. These studies should focus on patient-centered outcomes to accurately determine the extended usage of PPI and H2RA and the true effects on vitamin B12 deficiency.
Test of a Dignity Model in patients with heart failure
Authors: Bagheri Hossein , Yaghmaei Farideh , Ashktorab Tahereh , Zayeri Farid 
Published: August 2016

Background: Identifying, maintenance, and promotion of dignity in different patients of various cultures is an ethical responsibility of healthcare workers. Research questions: This study was conducted to investigate factors related to dignity in patients with heart failure and test the validity of Dignity Model. Design: The study had a descriptive-correlational design, and data collection was carried out by means of four specific questionnaires. Participants and context: A total of 130 in-patients from cardiac wards in hospitals affiliated with Tehran and Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences participated. Ethical consideration: This study was approved by the Research Committee of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Findings: Significant correlation showed the following: between illness related worries with dignity conserving repertoire score, between illness related worries with social dignity, between illness related worries with dignity conserving repertoire score, and between social dignity with dignity score. Goodness Fit Index and Comparative Fit Index were calculated greater than 0.9. Discussion: This study affirms the importance of careful evaluation of individual patients to determine their needs related to dignity. Conclusion: According to the results, the necessity of using appropriate tools to assess various aspects of patients’ dignity by clinical healthcare staff and design activities with particular focus on the main factors affecting dignity such as illness related worries and social dignity is recommended. Attention to this issue in everyday clinical practice can facilitate health professionals/nurses to potentially improve their patients’ dignity, develop quality of care and treatment, and improve patients’ satisfaction.
Practices employed by South African healthcare providers to obtain consent for treatment from children
Authors: Bester Michelle , Havenga Yolanda , Ligthelm Zea 
Published: August 2016

Background: The ability to consent promotes children’s access to health services. Healthcare providers should assess and arrive at a clinical judgement about the child’s maturity and mental capacity to obtain valid consent. Research objective: The objective of the study was to determine practices employed by South African healthcare providers to obtain consent for treatment from children. Research design: A qualitative, explorative, descriptive research design was used and the study was contextual. Participants and research context: In all, 24 healthcare providers (professional nurses and medical practitioners) were purposively sampled from a hospital and primary health clinics. Semi-structured interviews were used. Ethical consideration: Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board and gatekeepers. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant. Findings: Healthcare providers’ current practices in obtaining consent from children revealed inconsistency in implementation as well as the yardstick used to determine children’s mental capacity. Building trust with children, sharing information and assessment were interlinked in obtaining consent. Discussion: The inconsistent practice has implications for children’s access to healthcare services. Conclusion: Inconsistent practices in the implementation of consent laws have the potential to violate children’s rights to bodily and psychological integrity, access to health services and having their opinions heard and be taken into consideration. Through uncovering the current perceptions and practices and a literature review, guidelines intended for use by the Department of Health could be developed.
Iranian nurses’ experience of “being a wrongdoer”: A phenomenological study
Authors: Mohsenpour Mohaddeseh , Hosseini MohammadAli , Abbaszadeh Abbas , Shahboulaghi Farahnaz Mohammadi , Khankeh HamidReza 
Published: August 2016

Background: Patient safety, which is a patient’s right, can be threatened by nursing errors. Furthermore, nurses’ feeling of “being a wrongdoer” in response to nursing errors can influence the quality of care they deliver. Research objectives: To explore the meaning of Iranian nurses’ experience of “being a wrongdoer.” Research design: A phenomenological approach was used to explore nurses’ lived experiences. Nurses were recruited purposively to take part in semistructured interviews, and the data collected from these interviews were analyzed using Van Manen’s thematic analysis. Participants and research context: Eight nurses working in three private or governmental hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Ethical consideration: The research design was approved in each participating hospital, and all interviews were carried out at a predetermined time in a private place. Findings: Five themes were extracted from the data: “wandering in unpleasant feelings” (with two subthemes: “unpleasant physical feelings” and “unpleasant emotions”), “wandering in the conscience court” (with three subthemes: “being the accused,” “being the victim,” and “being the judge”), “being arrested in time,” “time for change” (with three subthemes: “promoting accountability,” “promoting learning,” and “strengthening supportive relationships”), and “spiritual exercise.” Discussion: Some of our results are supported by the model of self-reconciliation and the recovery trajectory of “second victims” theory. Conclusion: The meaning of “being a wrongdoer” has positive and negative aspects. Feelings of wandering provide nurses the opportunity to reflect on and re-embrace the professional and moral responsibility of nursing. Nursing managers can convert their “defeats” into a prelude to learning, increase their accountability, and improve the quality of nursing care.