bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Administration of oral medication by parents at home
Authors: Boztepe Handan , Özdemir Handan , Karababa Çiğdem , Yıldız Özlem 
Published: June 2016

Aims and objectiveThe objective of this study was to determine parents' experiences and problems with administering medication to their children at home.BackgroundParents' experiences and access to information for the treatment of their children's illnesses at home is necessary for their children's safety.DesignA descriptive cross‐sectional study.MethodsFour hundred parents from children's hospital outpatient clinics were included. A questionnaire was used to determine parents' experiences and problems with administering medication to their children at home. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed using the spss software package (version 22.00).ResultsAntipyretics (59%) and antibiotics (25%) were the most commonly used medicines by parents without prescription. Nearly half of the parents stated that they gave liquid medicine with a household spoon. It was found that 54% of the parents whose children refused to take tablets or liquid medicine mixed these medications into foods. Treatment was delayed in 20·7% of the children who refused to take tablets and in 29·1% of the children who refused to take liquid medicine. As a result of the project, a form and device were developed as a solution to the problems experienced by parents while administering oral medication in the home environment.ConclusionThe results of the study showed that a significant percentage of the parents did not use the correct equipment to administer medications, used non‐prescription medicines, did not administer medications at correct intervals and mixed medication into foods.Relevance to clinical practiceHealthcare professionals, especially nurses, should continually evaluate medication administration by parents at home and the readmission rate in the emergency department to further improve children's health.
Fathers' Investments of Money and Time Across Residential Contexts
Authors: Carlson Marcia J. , VanOrman Alicia G. , Turner Kimberly J. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractFathers' roles in family life have changed dramatically over the past 50 years. In addition to ongoing breadwinning responsibilities, many fathers are now involved in direct caregiving and engagement with children. Yet there is considerable variation in what fathers do, especially depending on whether they live with or away from their child. In this article, the authors use data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 3,869) to describe how fathers' economic capacities (money) and direct involvement with children (time) are associated over child ages 1 to 9 for resident versus nonresident fathers, net of confounding factors. They found suggestive evidence that money and time investments operate differently across residential contexts: Resident fathers experience a trade‐off between market work and time involved with children. In contrast, nonresident fathers' higher economic capacities are associated with more time involvement, underscoring the greater challenge for such fathers to remain actively involved.
Effect of Dried Cassava Bagasse on the Baking Properties of Composite Wheat Bread
Authors: Rodriguez‐Sandoval Eduardo , Polanía‐Gaviria Leidy Yohana , Lorenzo Gabriel 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe present research was undertaken to explore the influence of dried cassava bagasse (F), carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) and tara gum on the quality characteristics of composite wheat bread. F was used to replace wheat flour at 5 and 10% substitution levels. Dried cassava bagasse‐enriched wheat breads with CMC and CMC/tara gum binary blend (50:50 w/w) were analyzed to determine the specific volume of the breads, the crumb color, firmness and hardness. The addition of F decreased the specific volume of the breads. As the F concentration increased, the bread lightness decreased and the crumb redness, yellowness, firmness and hardness increased. The CMC was suitable for controlling the staling of the dried cassava bagasse‐enriched wheat bread. Samples containing the CMC and F at a 5% wheat flour replacement level had high acceptability by the consumers at the end of storage and resulted in higher crumb moisture content and lower crumb firmness during the storage.Practical ApplicationCassava bagasse (CB) is the main solid residue produced by the cassava starch industry and is made up of fibrous root material. The high moisture content prevents the use of CB by the starch industry because there is a strong possibility of microbial contamination. In this sense, drying that is simultaneous with production is essential for the effective utilization of CB. However, alternative uses for this product are necessary in order for the drying process to be economically interesting. One alternative is to use dried cassava bagasse (F) in breadmaking. The addition of F to bread has not been investigated. Hence, more studies are necessary for a better understanding of the effect of a partial substitution of wheat with F to obtain fiber‐wheat composite bread. Moreover, it is also necessary to increase dietary fiber intake, taking into account the fact that customers demand healthier foods.
Association of Canine Osteosarcoma and Monocyte Phenotype and Chemotactic Function
Authors: Tuohy J.L. , Lascelles B.D.X. , Griffith E.H. , Fogle J.E. 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundMonocytes/macrophages are likely key cells in immune modulation in dogs with osteosarcoma (OSA). Increased peripheral monocyte counts are negatively correlated with shorter disease‐free intervals in dogs with OSA. Understanding the monocyte/macrophage's modulatory role in dogs with OSA can direct further studies in immunotherapy development for OSA.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThat OSA evades the immune response by down‐regulating monocyte chemokine receptor expression and migratory function, and suppresses host immune responses.AnimalsEighteen dogs with OSA that have not received definitive treatment and 14 healthy age‐matched controlsMethodsClinical study—expression of peripheral blood monocyte cell surface receptors, monocyte mRNA expression and cytokine secretion, monocyte chemotaxis, and survival were compared between clinical dogs with OSA and healthy control dogs.ResultsCell surface expression of multiple chemokine receptors is significantly down‐regulated in peripheral blood monocytes of dogs with OSA. The percentage expression of CCR2 (median 58%, range 2–94%) and CXCR2 expression (median 54%, range 2–92%) was higher in control dogs compared to dogs with OSA (CCR2 median 29%, range 3–45%, P = 0.0006; CXCR2 median 23%, range 0.2–52%, P = 0.0007). Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) (OSA, median 347.36 pg/mL, range 103.4–1268.5; control, 136.23 pg/mL, range 69.93–542.6, P = .04) and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) (P = .02) levels are increased in OSA monocyte culture supernatants compared to controls. Peripheral blood monocytes of dogs with OSA exhibit decreased chemotactic function when compared to control dogs (OSA, median 1.2 directed to random migration, range 0.8–1.25; control, 1.6, range of 0.9–1.8, P = .018).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceDogs with OSA have decreased monocyte chemokine receptor expression and monocyte chemotaxis, potential mechanisms by which OSA might evade the immune response. Reversal of monocyte dysfunction using immunotherapy could improve survival in dogs with OSA.
Pharmacological evaluation of a selective bradykinin B1 antagonist in a canine model of arthritis
Authors: Duclos B. A. , Rugg C. A. , White J. , Ross J. T. , Darling M. , Huczek D. , Curry J. , Alexander‐Bowman S. , Townley A. , Garcia‐Tapia D. , Chio C. , Kamerling S. 
Published: June 2016

The effects of a selective bradykinin 1 receptor antagonist, compound A, were evaluated in a canine model of acute inflammatory model of arthritis. Despite detection of the B1 receptor in canine type B synoviocytes using a fluorescent ligand, oral administration of compound A (9 and 27 mg/kg) did not improve weight bearing of dogs injected intra‐articularly with IL‐1β in a force plate analysis. Analysis of the synovial fluid of IL‐1β‐treated dogs indicated high levels of bradykinin postchallenge. Excellent exposure, coupled with evidence of the presence of the B1 receptor during an acute inflammatory model of pain, indicates an inability of the receptor to mediate inflammatory pain in canines.
The latent structure of the functional dyspepsia symptom complex: a taxometric analysis
Authors: Van Oudenhove L. , Jasper F. , Walentynowicz M. , Witthöft M. , Van den Bergh O. , Tack J. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectivesRomeIIIintroduced a subdivision of functional dyspepsia (FD) into postprandial distress syndrome and epigastric pain syndrome, characterized by early satiation/postprandial fullness, and epigastric pain/burning, respectively. However, evidence on their degree of overlap is mixed. We aimed to investigate the latent structure ofFDto test whether distinguishable symptom‐based subgroups exist.MethodsConsecutive tertiary care RomeII FDpatients completed the dyspepsia symptom severity scale. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to compare the fit of a single factor model, a correlated three‐factor model based on RomeIIIsubgroups and a bifactor model consisting of a generalFDfactor and orthogonal subgroup factors. Taxometric analyses were subsequently used to investigate the latent structure ofFD.Key ResultsNine hundred and fifty‐sevenFDpatients (71.1% women, age 41 ± 14.8) participated. InCFA, the bifactor model yielded a significantly better fit than the two other models (χ² difference tests bothp < 0.001). All symptoms had significant loadings on both the general and the subgroup‐specific factors (allp < 0.05). Somatization was associated with the general (r = 0.72,p < 0.01), but not the subgroup‐specific factors (allr < 0.13,p > 0.05). Taxometric analyses supported a dimensional structure ofFD(allCCFI<0.38).Conclusions and InferencesWe found a dimensional rather than categorical latent structure of theFDsymptom complex in tertiary care. A combination of a general dyspepsia symptom reporting factor, which was associated with somatization, and symptom‐specific factors reflecting the RomeIIIsubdivision fitted the data best. This has implications for classification, pathophysiology, and treatment ofFD.
Impaired bolus clearance in asymptomatic older adults during high‐resolution impedance manometry
Authors: Cock C. , Besanko L. , Kritas S. , Burgstad C. M. , Thompson A. , Heddle R. , Fraser R. J. L. , Omari T. I. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundDysphagia becomes more common in old age. We performed high‐resolution impedance manometry (HRIM) in asymptomatic healthy adults (including an older cohort >80 years) to assess HRIM findings in relation to bolus clearance.MethodsEsophageal HRIM was performed in a sitting posture in 45 healthy volunteers (n = 30 young control, mean age 37 ± 11 years and n = 15 older subjects aged 85 ± 4 years) using a 3.2‐mm solid‐state catheter (Solar GI system; MMS, Enschede, The Netherlands) with 25 pressure (1‐cm spacing) and 12 impedance segments (2‐cm intervals). Five swallows each of 5‐ and 10‐mL liquid and viscous bolus were performed and analyzed using esophageal pressure topography metrics and Chicago classification criteria as well as pressure‐flow parameters. Bolus transit was determined using standard impedance criteria. A p‐value <0.05 was considered significant.Key ResultsImpaired bolus clearance occurred more frequently in asymptomatic older subjects compared with young controls (YC) during liquid (40 vs 18%, χ2 = 4.935; p < 0.05) and viscous (60 vs 17%; χ2 = 39.08; p < 0.001) swallowing. Longer peristaltic breaks (p < 0.05) and more rapid peristalsis (L: p < 0.004, V: p = 0.003) occurred in the older cohort, with reduced impedance‐based clearance for both bolus consistencies (L: p < 0.05, V: p < 0.001). Decreased peristaltic vigor (distal contractile integral <450 mmHg/s/cm) was associated with reduced liquid clearance in both age groups (p < 0.001) and of viscous swallows in the older group (p < 0.001). Impedance ratio, a marker of bolus retention, was increased in older subjects during liquid (p = 0.002) and viscous (p < 0.001) swallowing.Conclusions & InferencesImpaired liquid and viscous bolus clearance, esophageal pressure topography, and pressure‐flow changes were seen in asymptomatic older subjects.
Intraperitoneal ropivacaine and early postoperative pain and postsurgical outcomes after laparoscopic herniorrhaphy in toddlers: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Tian Xuebi , Yang Ping , Su Tiefen , Yu Jing , Zhao Shiwen , Xiang Guifang , Yu Donghai , Zhang Wen , Manyande Anne , Gao Feng , Tian Yuke , Yang Hui 
Published: June 2016

SummaryBackgroundPostoperative pain can cause physiological distress, postoperative complications, and extended lengths of hospitalized stay. In children, management of postoperative pain is still recognized as being inadequate.ObjectiveThe aim of this trial was to investigate the effects of intraperitoneal ropivacaine on postoperative pain, and recovery of bowel function and emetic events after laparoscopic herniorrhaphy in toddlers.MethodsSeventy‐six children aged from 9 months to 3 years were recruited between August 2013 and June 2014 at Tongji Hospital and randomly assigned into two groups. One group received intraperitoneal ropivacaine right before surgery and the control group received intraperitoneal saline. A standard combined general anesthesia procedure was performed under regular monitoring. Postoperative pain was assessed by the FLACC scale. Postoperative analgesic consumption, time to flatus, time to first stool, and postoperative emetic events were also recorded.ResultsWhen compared with the control group, children who received intraperitoneal ropivacaine experienced less pain 0–4 h after surgery [P < 0.001, difference in median FLACC (95% CI) for 2 h time point is 2.00 (0.87–3.13), for 4 h time point is 1.00 (0.55–1.45)]. In addition, the number of toddlers who received analgesia 0–24 h after surgery in the ropivacaine group was lower than that in the control group [P < 0.001, difference in proportions (95% CI) is 0.575 (0.3865–0.7638)]. Compared with the control group, time to flatus in ropivacaine group was also much shorter [21.1 h vs 16.7 h, P = 0.04, difference in mean (95% CI) is 4.4 (1.49–7.28)], and the time to first stool after surgery was earlier in the ropivacaine group [30.7 h vs 25.6 h, P = 0.003, difference in mean (95% CI) is 5.1 (1.78–8.45)]. Furthermore, the incidence of emetic events in the ropivacaine group was significantly lower than the control group [32.4% vs 11.1%, P = 0.03, difference in proportions (95% CI) is 0.212 (0.0246–0.4002)].ConclusionThe present results indicate that intraperitoneal ropivacaine reduces early postoperative pain and improves recovery after laparoscopic herniorrhaphy in toddlers. Therefore, IPLA is a good stratagem for postoperative pain management after laparoscopic surgery in toddlers.
Mapping of male sterility gene ms10 in chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Aulakh Parjeet Singh , Dhaliwal Major S. , Jindal Salesh Kumar , Schafleitner Roland , Singh Kuldeep 
Published: June 2016

AbstractMost of the hybrid seed in chilli are produced manually, but the use of male sterility (MS) can reduce the cost of hybrid seed production. MS‐12, a nuclear male‐sterile (NMS) line developed at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (India), has been utilized to develop commercial F1 hybrids. A recessive gene, designated as ms10, governs MS in MS‐12. Due to recessive gene control, development of new NMS lines incorporating ms10 gene is tedious and time‐consuming. We identified SSR markers AVRDC‐PP12 and AVRDC_MD997* linked to the ms10 gene. A total of 558 primer pairs were screened following bulked segregant analysis (BSA). Linkage analysis in 210 F2 plants indicated that the two SSR markers were linked to the ms10 gene and the marker AVRDC‐PP12 was closest to the gene at 7.2 cM distance. The marker was mapped to chromosome 1 at genome position 175 694 513 to 175 694 644. Until more closely linked markers are developed, the marker AVRDC‐PP12 would facilitate transfer of ms10 gene through marker‐assisted selection (MAS). Fine mapping would lead to cloning of the ms10 gene.
Avengees' perspectives on revenge: Commitment as a predictor and relationship type differences
Authors: BOON SUSAN D. , YOSHIMURA STEPHEN M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis study investigated how people respond emotionally to and make sense of the experience of being on the receiving end of an angry relationship partner's attempted revenge. Using an interdependence theory framework, we tested hypotheses concerning the role of commitment and investigated differences due to relationship type. We asked participants (N = 439) if they had experienced revenge at the hands of either a romantic partner, family member, or associate. Among those who had (N = 254), we found support for hypotheses linking commitment with avengees' affective and evaluative responses to being the target of revenge, but little evidence that these associations vary by relationship type. Possible routes by which commitment may influence people's experiences as avengees are discussed.
Identification of Stable Areas in Unreferenced Laser Scans for Deformation Measurement
Authors: Wujanz Daniel , Krueger Daniel , Neitzel Frank 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA current aim of ongoing research in the field of deformation measurement is to automatically determine geometric changes between several epochs with data captured by terrestrial laser scanners. A critical component within the process chain of deformation measurement is the transformation of captured point clouds into a reference coordinate system. This contribution proposes a surface‐based alignment methodology that does not require artificial targets or extracted geometric primitives. A diagnostic method reveals deformations that occurred in between epochs and rejects them from the computation of transformation parameters that would otherwise cause erroneous registrations. The novel approach has been successfully tested on two practical cases where the highest degree of deformation extended to 65% of the total surface area.
Provable Sparse Tensor Decomposition
Authors: Sun Will Wei , Lu Junwei , Liu Han , Cheng Guang 
Published: June 2016

Summary
We propose a novel sparse tensor decomposition method, namely the tensor truncated power method, that incorporates variable selection in the estimation of decomposition components. The sparsity is achieved via an efficient truncation step embedded in the tensor power iteration. Our method applies to a broad family of high dimensional latent variable models, including high dimensional Gaussian mixtures and mixtures of sparse regressions. A thorough theoretical investigation is further conducted. In particular, we show that the final decomposition estimator is guaranteed to achieve a local statistical rate, and we further strengthen it to the global statistical rate by introducing a proper initialization procedure. In high dimensional regimes, the statistical rate obtained significantly improves those shown in the existing non-sparse decomposition methods. The empirical advantages of tensor truncated power are confirmed in extensive simulation results and two real applications of click-through rate prediction and high dimensional gene clustering.
Log-Mean Linear Regression Models for Binary Responses with an Application to Multimorbidity
Authors: Lupparelli Monia , Roverato Alberto 
Published: June 2016

SummaryIn regression models for categorical data a linear model is typically related to the response variables via a transformation of probabilities called the link function. We introduce an approach based on two link functions for binary data named the log-mean and the log-mean linear methods. The choice of the link function plays a key role in the interpretation of the model, and our approach is especially appealing in terms of interpretation of the effects of covariates on the association of responses. Similarly to Poisson regression, the log-mean and log-mean linear regression coefficients of single outcomes are log-relative-risks, and we show that the relative risk interpretation is maintained also in the regressions of the association of responses. Furthermore, certain collections of zero log-mean linear regression coefficients imply that the relative risks for joint responses factorize with respect to the corresponding relative risks for marginal responses. This work is motivated by the analysis of a data set obtained from a case–control study aimed at investigating the effect of human immunodeficiency virus infection on multimorbidity, i.e. simultaneous presence of two or more non-infectious comorbidities in one patient.
Job Protection versus Contracts At‐Will: Trading‐Off Entrenchment and Shirking
Authors: Inderst Roman 
Published: June 2016

AbstractI compare two types of employment contracts: those offering job protection and at‐will contracts. Their respective performances reveal the following trade‐off: at‐will contracts provide cheaper incentives for agents not to shirk, but they can induce the opportunistic actions of agents to make themselves less dispensable (“entrenchment”). One implication of the model is that more senior managers, such as chief executive officers, should receive more protection, for example, through contracts that are explicitly not at‐will or contracts that specify a longer duration.
Soil acidification and the importance of liming agricultural soils with particular reference to the United Kingdom
Authors: Goulding K. W. T. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSoil acidification is caused by a number of factors including acidic precipitation and the deposition from the atmosphere of acidifying gases or particles, such as sulphur dioxide, ammonia and nitric acid. The most important causes of soil acidification on agricultural land, however, are the application of ammonium‐based fertilizers and urea, elemental S fertilizer and the growth of legumes. Acidification causes the loss of base cations, an increase in aluminium saturation and a decline in crop yields; severe acidification can cause nonreversible clay mineral dissolution and a reduction in cation exchange capacity, accompanied by structural deterioration. Soil acidity is ameliorated by applying lime or other acid‐neutralizing materials. ‘Liming’ also reduces N2O emissions, but this is more than offset by CO2 emissions from the lime as it neutralizes acidity. Because crop plants vary in their tolerance to acidity and plant nutrients have different optimal pH ranges, target soil pH values in the UK are set at 6.5 (5.8 in peaty soils) for cropped land and 6.0 (5.3 in peaty soils) for grassland. Agricultural lime products can be sold as ‘EC Fertiliser Liming Materials’ but, although vital for soil quality and agricultural production, liming tends to be strongly influenced by the economics of farming. Consequently, much less lime is being applied in the UK than required, and many arable and grassland soils are below optimum pH.