bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causal associations and shared genetic etiology of neurodegenerative diseases with epigenetic aging and human longevity
Authors: Guo Yu , Ma Guojuan , Wang Yukai , Lin Tingyan , Hu Yang , Zang Tianyi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe causative mechanisms underlying the genetic relationships of neurodegenerative diseases with epigenetic aging and human longevity remain obscure. We aimed to detect causal associations and shared genetic etiology of neurodegenerative diseases with epigenetic aging and human longevity. We obtained large‐scale genome‐wide association study summary statistics data for four measures of epigenetic age (GrimAge, PhenoAge, IEAA, and HannumAge) (N = 34,710), multivariate longevity (healthspan, lifespan, and exceptional longevity) (N = 1,349,462), and for multiple neurodegenerative diseases (N = 6618–482,730), including Lewy body dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis. Main analyses were conducted using multiplicative random effects inverse‐variance weighted Mendelian randomization (MR), and conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate (cond/conjFDR) approach. Shared genomic loci were functionally characterized to gain biological understanding. Evidence showed that AD patients had 0.309 year less in exceptional longevity (IVW beta = −0.309, 95% CI: −0.38 to −0.24, p = 1.51E‐19). We also observed suggestively significant causal evidence between AD and GrimAge age acceleration (IVW beta = −0.10, 95% CI: −0.188 to −0.013, p = 0.02). Following the discovery of polygenic overlap, we identified rs78143120 as shared genomic locus between AD and GrimAge age acceleration, and rs12691088 between AD and exceptional longevity. Among these loci, rs78143120 was novel for AD. In conclusion, we observed that only AD had causal effects on epigenetic aging and human longevity, while other neurodegenerative diseases did not. The genetic overlap between them, with mixed effect directions, suggested complex shared genetic etiology and molecular mechanisms.
Israeli men's attitudes toward posthumous reproduction and prior consent amid ongoing armed conflict
Authors: Savitsky Bella , Eldar‐Geva Talia , Shvartsur Rachel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundFrom October 7, 2023, until August 28, 2024, 187 posthumous sperm retrieval (PSR) procedures have been conducted on deceased men, 171 of whom are soldiers. PSR was predominantly initiated by parents to cope with their profound loss. However, the attitudes of Israeli men toward this procedure are unknown.ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the attitudes of Israeli men toward prior consent to PSR and posthumous‐assisted reproduction (PAR) initiated by partner or parents.MethodsA cross‐sectional study of 600 Israeli men aged 18–49 years who were questioned in February–April 2024 amid the ongoing armed conflict. The questionnaire included demographic details, role in the conflict, and attitudes toward PSR/PAR. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess agreement for PSR/PAR after adjustment for possible confounders.ResultsThe average age of participants was 32 years, with 52% married or in a committed relationship and 6.5% self‐identified as having same‐sex relationships. The majority were secular (63%), 21% were traditional (21%), and 16% were religious. In terms of involvement in the ongoing conflict, 35% served in combat, 21% in non‐combat roles, and 44% did not participate. Most men (71%) prefer pre‐documenting their PSR preferences, with 70% advocating for consent during recruitment for regular military service and 78% before reserve service. Regarding PAR, 37% opposed it at their partner's request, while 47% opposed it at their parents’ request. In a multivariable model, the odds of approval of PAR following parental request were four‐ and three‐fold higher among traditional and secular versus religious men (odds ratio, OR = 4.1, 95% CI: 2.0–8.1 and OR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.8–6.2, respectively) and following the request of a partner, twice higher among traditional and secular versus religious (OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1–4.2 and OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1–3.6, respectively).ConclusionWhile it is understandable that grieving parents seek solace through PSR, consent should be obtained from the men themselves, as a considerable proportion do not support the process as it is currently performed.
A comprehensive review on p38MAPK signaling as a potent radioprotector in testis
Authors: Yang Juan , Ou Xiangying , Zeng Huihong , Shao Lijian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have shown that the activation of p38MAPK signaling plays a crucial role in regulating gonadal cell fate decisions in both mouse and human. Excessive activation of p38MAPK by radiation significantly causes testicular damage and negatively affects the male reproductive function. Therefore, fine‐tuned regulation of p38MAPK signaling is critical in both physiological and pathological conditions.ResultThis review summarizes the impact of p38MAPK signaling on testicular germ cells and microenvironment under normal condition. The relationship between radiation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and p38MAPK is summarized. In conclusion, radiation exposure triggers the overactivation of p38MAPK, which is regulated by ROS, resulting in testicular damage. Various p38MAPK‐targeting agents are discussed, providing guidance for developing new strategies.
Genital gender‐affirming surgery trends in Germany: Total population data with 19,600 cases from 2006 to 2022
Authors: Aksoy Cem , Wellenbrock Sascha , Reimold Philipp , Karschuck Philipp , Ozturk Mahmut , Hirsch Tobias , Sohn Michael , Eisenmenger Nicole , Kliesch Sabine , Morgenstern Saskia , Zacharis Aristeidis , Huber Johannes , Flegar Luka 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeTo delineate the current trends regarding gender‐affirming surgeries (GAS) in Germany.MethodsAnalysis of German hospital quality reports from 2006 to 2022 was conducted using the reimbursement.info tool. The German procedure classification (OPS) codes 5‐646.0 for masculinizing‐ and 5‐646.1 for feminizing surgery were assessed to identify GAS. Linear regression models were utilized for the analysis and depiction of current trends.ResultsA total of 19,632 gender‐affirming procedures were performed during the study period with an exponential increase over the years. Masculinizing surgeries increased from 246 in 2006 to 1291 cases in 2022 (increase by 424%; p < 0.001). The highest annual increase of 37.2% in numbers was from 2018 to 2019 (from 1235 to 1694 cases). Feminizing surgeries increased from 180 cases in 2006 to 799 procedures in 2022 (increase by 343%; p < 0.001). The cases increased most between 2015 and 2016 from 277 to 502 cases (81.2%). The number of hospitals offering these surgeries expanded from 24 in 2006 to 29 in 2022 (21% increase; p < 0.001).ConclusionThis study demonstrates an exponential growth in numbers feminizing and masculinizing of GAS performed each year in Germany. Furthermore, a discernible trend emerges with a propensity for concentration of procedures within selected high‐caseload centers across Germany.
Editorial: DoesESWL‐ERCPfor pancreatic duct stone removal change the natural course of symptomatic chronic calcific pancreatitis? Authors' reply
Authors: Liu Yu , Hu Liang‐Hao 
Published: September 2024

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Yiu et al papers. To view these articles, visithttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18224andhttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18253
Apixaban anti‐Xa levels in clinical practice: A case report
Authors: Clark Sarah , Alcala‐Zermeno Juan Luis 
Published: September 2024

AbstractApixaban is a widely used direct oral anticoagulant that is recommended over warfarin therapy for many clinical indications. In patients with atrial fibrillation, dose reductions are recommended for patients with advanced age (≥80 years), low weight (≤60 kg) or elevated serum creatinine (≥1.5 mg/dL), but there is no routine laboratory monitoring necessary for long term‐use. Furthermore, apixaban dose reductions due to renal dysfunction are not recommended when treating acute venous thromboembolism. Apixaban‐calibrated anti‐Xa assays are readily available at some medical centres, and they may be of clinical utility in certain circumstances such as in patients with renal insufficiency, medication adherence assessment, periprocedural planning, extremes in body weight and advanced age. Here, we describe the case of an elderly patient with chronic kidney disease taking apixaban for acute pulmonary embolism. The patient had an unanticipated prolonged apixaban half‐life, with detectable apixaban‐calibrated anti‐Xa levels for >10 days after the last administered dose, which delayed a necessary surgical intervention by >1 week. This case is an example of appropriately using apixaban‐calibrated anti‐Xa levels to guide therapeutic decision making in perioperative planning.
Organizational ethical pressure as a threat to employee health: The buffering roles of ethical leadership and employee ethical efficacy
Authors: Wang Zhen , Hannah Sean T. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCompetitive pressures, resource constraints, high shareholder/stakeholder expectations, and other dynamics may lead to organizations putting pressure on employees to act unethically to meet goals. Yet, the effects of this pressure on employee health and factors that can abate it are unclear. Based on the job demands‐resources model, this study examines whether, how, and when organizational ethical pressure harms employees' psychological and physical health and what factors can buffer its negative effects. According to the findings of a two‐wave lagged data study involving 212 healthcare employees, results show that organizational ethical pressure causes ethical strain in employees, resulting in both psychological and physical health problems, with these effects less pronounced when employees have higher levels of ethical efficacy. An integrated effect was also discovered, in which employees' ethical efficacy increases when led by a more ethical leader, thereby buffering the effect of ethical pressure on ethical strain and health problems. Overall, our research identifies organizational ethical pressure as a significant threat to employee health and provides preliminary approaches to mitigate its effects.
Youths' relationship with culture: Tracing sixth graders' learning through designing culturally centred multimedia projects
Authors: Yan Lili , Litts Breanne K. , Tehee Melissa , Baggaley Stuart , Jenkins Jennifer 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAlthough education is framed as a future‐oriented enterprise, we often fail to serve the diverse futurities of youth, particularly in formal learning environments. The cultural norms of formal learning environments are rooted in dominant ways of being and knowing and this shapes how learning environments and learning technologies can be designed. As a result, the futures youth can envision for themselves in these spaces are often static and limited by the dominant culture. As a move toward supporting youths' diverse cultural backgrounds and experiences, we ask how youth develop relationship with culture through creating culturally centred multimedia projects. Guided by a case study approach, we collected thirty‐six remixing multimedia projects from twelve sixth graders, who created these projects for three culturally centred learning activities over a school year. Findings share one case from each learning activity to demonstrate how students represent their relationships with culture through three forms of symbolising. Implications from this work reject the settled expectations of dominant culture in formal learning environments and, instead, invite youths' knowledges and experiences through remixing with multimedia.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

Formal learning environments are shaped by norms rooted in the dominant culture but are often assumed to be acultural spaces.
Multimedia technologies have been leveraged to engage youth with culture in the classroom.
Remixing is a sociocultural learning process that allows youth to reimagine their lived experiences.
What this paper adds

Sixth graders' relationships with culture were mediated by remixing with multimedia resources in a series of culturally centred multimedia projects.
Forms of symbolising in students' remixing works reveal diverse relationships with their own culture and other cultures.
Culturally centred multimedia projects afford the development of intertwined and reciprocal relationships with one's own culture and other cultures.
Implications for practice

Formal learning environments and embedded learning activities often operate on static or limited relationships between youth and their diverse range of cultural experiences.
Engaging with multimedia projects can develop students' relationships with their own culture and other cultures in a reciprocal way.
Supporting the development of diverse relationships with culture is crucial to designing a culturally centred learning environment.
Exploring Twitter as a social learning space for education scholars: An analysis of value‐added contributions to the #TPACK network
Authors: Ebersole Liz , Foulger Teresa S. , Jin Yi , Mourlam Daniel James 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSocial media has been shown to be an efficient way to engage in networked participatory scholarship (NPS), which is defined as the use of online social networks to share and further develop scholarship. As leaders in the field, educational technology scholars should be at the forefront of this practice. We used social network analysis (SNA) to examine the structure and characteristics of the #TPACK Twitter network and to determine whether and how the users were engaging in value‐added NPS. Our findings revealed that the #TPACK Twitter network was loosely organized, and users were not very well connected outside of their clusters. Our findings also revealed that #TPACK tweets largely did not represent value‐added NPS. The majority of posts lacked useful context, were limited to merely sharing links to resources and did not establish meaningful interactions among users. The implications of this study provide a new direction for educational technology researchers and PK‐12 practitioners to approach social media from a value‐added standpoint and to apply value‐added NPS to improve their use of social media to advance research, enhance professional learning and forge closer ties between researchers and practitioners.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

Publication in high‐impact academic journals and measuring research impact through citations and journal indexing is still the dominant practice in research dissemination; however, there is growth in the use of alternative methods and the use of altmetrics to measure the impact of these methods.
Scholars struggle with using social media in ways that align with networked participatory scholarship (NPS).
Social network analysis (SNA) is the study of the structure and characteristics of the relationships that form in social networks, and can be used to analyze an online social network.
What this paper adds

Value‐added social learning theory and NPS can be used in SNA to both evaluate and inform scholars' social media practices.
Educational technology scholars and practitioners struggle with using social media for value‐added NPS.
Lost opportunities for value‐added NPS that were documented in this study include lack of engagement with the wider network, not sharing the role of spreading ideas and not making value‐added contributions.
Implications for practice and policy

Education scholars should use SNA as a tool to evaluate the level of value‐added NPS in the social media networks around areas of study they care about so that they can develop both personal and systemic plans for implementing value‐added NPS to create more dynamic learning spaces on these platforms.
Institutions should investigate ways they can remove barriers and incentivize value‐added NPS.
Innovations in the dissemination of scholarship should involve helping scholars to develop the skills needed for successful value‐added NPS.
Allow Me to Explain: Benefits of Explaining Extend to Distal Academic Performance
Authors: Modrek Anahid S. , Lombrozo Tania 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHow does the act of explaining influence learning? Prior work has studied effects of explaining through a predominantly proximal lens, measuring short‐term outcomes or manipulations within lab settings. Here, we ask whether the benefits of explaining extend to academic performance over time. Specifically, does the quality and frequency of student explanations predict students’ later performance on standardized tests of math and English? In Study 1 (N = 127 5th−6th graders), participants completed a causal learning activity during which their explanation quality was evaluated. Controlling for prior test scores, explanation quality directly predicted both math and English standardized test scores the following year. In Study 2 (N = 20,384 10th graders), participants reported aspects of teachers’ explanations and their own. Controlling for prior test scores, students’ own explanations predicted both math and English state standardized test scores, and teacher explanations were linked to test performance through students’ own explanations. Taken together, these findings suggest that benefits of explaining may result in part from the development of a metacognitive explanatory skill that transfers across domains and over time. Implications for cognitive science, pedagogy, and education are discussed.
Paired comparisons of venetoclax concentration in cerebrospinal fluid, bone marrow, and plasma in acute leukemia patients
Authors: Jian Yuan , Han Feifei , Zhu Ying , Geng Chuanying , Zhang Yanru , Wu Yin , Leng Yun , Chen Wenming , An Zhuoling , Zhu Hong‐Hu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractVenetoclax, a small molecule inhibitor of BCL‐2, has demonstrated efficacy in treating acute leukemias and has been recommended as one of the first‐line anti‐leukemia therapies. Although venetoclax has been suggested to probably possess the ability to penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), current data to elucidate the characteristics of venetoclax in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), bone marrow (BM), and plasma are still lacking. This study investigated the real‐world characteristics of venetoclax concentrations in CSF, BM, and plasma in acute leukemia patients. Thirteen acute leukemia patients treated with venetoclax were included, with paired samples of CSF, BM, and plasma collected and venetoclax concentrations measured using LC–MS/MS. With the results, the median venetoclax concentrations were 2030 ng/mL in plasma, 16.7 ng/mL in CSF, and 1390 ng/mL in BM. The percentages of CSF/plasma and BM/plasma were 0.74% and 70.37%, respectively. While no direct correlation was observed between CSF and plasma venetoclax levels, there was a trend toward an improved CSF/plasma percentage over time following the last administration of venetoclax. In contrast, a strong correlation was found between BM and plasma levels. This study demonstrated that venetoclax could reach its effective concentration in most patients, suggesting its potential clinical utility in the management of CNS involvement in acute leukemia.
The acceptability of alcohol screening and brief intervention for older adults in community venues
Authors: Seddon Jennifer , Bareham Beth , Kaner Eileen , Hanratty Barbara , Wadd Sarah 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundEvidence supports the effectiveness of alcohol brief interventions (ABI) in health‐care settings but the acceptability of conducting ABIs in wider community venues such as supermarkets, hospital atriums and train stations remains unclear. This study examines the acceptability of conducting ABIs for older adults in community settings.MethodABIs were conducted in community venues in five sites across the United Kingdom as part of the Drink Wise, Age Well program. ABIs used the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test–Consumption to measure alcohol use, with personalised feedback delivered in relation to alcohol intake. Data on age, gender, ethnicity, alcohol use and intention to change drinking was collected. Qualitative interviews to explore the acceptability of delivering ABIs within community venues were conducted with a sub‐set of ABI recipients (n = 16) and practitioners (n = 12). Data were analysed using Framework Analysis.ResultsA total of 3999 people received an ABI. Fifty‐eight percent of ABI recipients were female. The largest age group was 50–54 years (28%). Almost 80% (n = 3180) of ABI recipients were drinking at hazardous levels. Of hazardous drinkers that were asked (n = 2726), 40% reported intentions to change their drinking. Qualitative analysis indicted that ABIs conducted in community venues were acceptable and considered to be valuable in raising awareness of alcohol‐related risks.Discussion and ConclusionsCommunity venues represent a promising context to engage older people in alcohol intervention, with the potential to lead to reductions in alcohol consumption.
Cardiovascular phenotypes in type 2 diabetes: Latent class analysis of the CANVAS Program and CREDENCE trial
Authors: Razaghizad Amir , Ni Jiayi , Marques Pedro , Mavrakanas Thomas A. , Tsoukas Michael A. , Possik Elite , Huynh Thao , Edwards Jodi D. , Liu Peter , Swardfager Walter , Baroz Frederic , Ferreira João Pedro , Sharma Abhinav 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimTo identify unique clinical phenotypes in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and investigate their treatment response to canagliflozin using latent class analysis.MethodsThis was a pooled latent class analysis of the individuals in the CANVAS Program and CREDENCE trial. The co‐primary endpoints were hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) and the composite of cardiovascular death (CVD) or HHF. Secondary endpoints included three‐point major adverse CV events, its individual components, and all‐cause mortality. We completed Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the effect of canagliflozin across phenotypes.ResultsFour distinct phenotypes were identified: Phenotype 1 (n = 966, 6.6%), with the lowest prevalence of heart failure, kidney dysfunction and hypertension; Phenotype 2 (n = 4169, 28.7%), primarily comprising females with a high prevalence of atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASCVD); Phenotype 3 (n = 7108, 48.9%), predominately males with a high prevalence of ASCVD; and Phenotype 4 (n = 2300, 15.8%), possessing the highest prevalences of HF and renal dysfunction. A hierarchical increase in the risk of the primary endpoint was observed across the phenotypes, with the highest CV risk observed for Phenotype 4 (hazard ratio for HHF: 7.57 [95% CI: 4.19‐13.69]). Canagliflozin significantly reduced HHF and the composite CVD or HHF across phenotypes (all P values for interaction > .05).ConclusionWe identified four clinically distinct T2D phenotypes with differential CV risks. Canagliflozin reduced the risk of CV events, irrespective of the phenotype, emphasizing its broad therapeutic acceptability.