bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Transit Light Source Effect: False Spectral Features and Incorrect Densities for M-dwarf Transiting Planets
Authors: Rackham Benjamin V. , Apai Dániel , Giampapa Mark S. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Transmission spectra are differential measurements that utilize stellar illumination to probe transiting exoplanet atmospheres. Any spectral difference between the illuminating light source and the disk-integrated stellar spectrum due to starspots and faculae will be imprinted in the observed transmission spectrum. However, few constraints exist for the extent of photospheric heterogeneities in M dwarfs. Here we model spot and faculae covering fractions consistent with observed photometric variabilities for M dwarfs and the associated 0.3–5.5 μm stellar contamination spectra. We find that large ranges of spot and faculae covering fractions are consistent with observations and corrections assuming a linear relation between variability amplitude, and covering fractions generally underestimate the stellar contamination. Using realistic estimates for spot and faculae covering fractions, we find that stellar contamination can be more than 10× larger than the transit depth changes expected for atmospheric features in rocky exoplanets. We also find that stellar spectral contamination can lead to systematic errors in radius and therefore the derived density of small planets. In the case of the TRAPPIST-1 system, we show that TRAPPIST-1's rotational variability is consistent with spot covering fractions

and faculae covering fractions

. The associated stellar contamination signals alter the transit depths of the TRAPPIST-1 planets at wavelengths of interest for planetary atmospheric species by roughly 1–15× the strength of planetary features, significantly complicating JWST follow-up observations of this system. Similarly, we find that stellar contamination can lead to underestimates of the bulk densities of the TRAPPIST-1 planets of

, thus leading to overestimates of their volatile contents.
On the Impact Origin of Phobos and Deimos. III. Resulting Composition from Different Impactors
Authors: Pignatale Francesco C. , Charnoz Sébastien , Rosenblatt Pascal , Hyodo Ryuki , Nakamura Tomoki , Genda Hidenori 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The origin of Phobos and Deimos in a giant impact-generated disk is gaining larger attention. Although this scenario has been the subject of many studies, an evaluation of the chemical composition of the Mars’s moons in this framework is missing. The chemical composition of Phobos and Deimos is unconstrained. The large uncertainties about the origin of the mid-infrared features; the lack of absorption bands in the visible and near-infrared spectra; and the effects of secondary processes on the moons’ surfaces make the determination of their composition very difficult using remote sensing data. Simulations suggest a formation of a disk made of gas and melt with their composition linked to the nature of the impactor and Mars. Using thermodynamic equilibrium, we investigate the composition of dust (condensates from gas) and solids (from a cooling melt) that result from different types of Mars impactors (Mars-, CI-, CV-, EH-, and comet-like). Our calculations show a wide range of possible chemical compositions and noticeable differences between dust and solids, depending on the considered impactors. Assuming that Phobos and Deimos resulted from the accretion and mixing of dust and solids, we find that the derived assemblage (dust-rich in metallic iron, sulfides and/or carbon, and quenched solids rich in silicates) can be compatible with the observations. The JAXA’s Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) mission will investigate the physical and chemical properties of Phobos and Deimos, especially sampling from Phobos, before returning to Earth. Our results could be then used to disentangle the origin and chemical composition of the pristine body that hit Mars and suggest guidelines for helping in the analysis of the returned samples.
Mottled Protoplanetary Disk Ionization by Magnetically Channeled T Tauri Star Energetic Particles
Authors: Fraschetti F. , Drake J. J. , Cohen O. , Garraffo C. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The evolution of protoplanetary disks is believed to be driven largely by angular momentum transport resulting from magnetized disk winds and turbulent viscosity. The ionization of the disk that is essential for these processes has been thought to be due to host star coronal X-rays but could also arise from energetic particles produced by coronal flares, or traveling shock waves, and advected by the stellar wind. We have performed test-particle numerical simulations of energetic protons propagating into a realistic T Tauri stellar wind, including a superposed small-scale magnetostatic turbulence. The isotropic (Kolmogorov power spectrum) turbulent component is synthesized along the individual particle trajectories. We have investigated the energy range [0.1–10] GeV, consistent with expectations from Chandra X-ray observations of large flares on T Tauri stars and recent indications by the Herschel
Space Observatory of a significant contribution of energetic particles to the disk ionization of young stars. In contrast with a previous theoretical study finding a dominance of energetic particles over X-rays in the ionization throughout the disk, we find that the disk ionization is likely dominated by X-rays over much of its area, except within narrow regions where particles are channeled onto the disk by the strongly tangled and turbulent magnetic field. The radial thickness of such regions is 5 stellar radii close to the star and broadens with increasing radial distance. This likely continues out to large distances from the star (10 au or greater), where particles can be copiously advected and diffused by the turbulent wind.
First Results from the Herschel and ALMA Spectroscopic Surveys of the SMC: The Relationship between [C ii]-bright Gas and CO-bright Gas at Low Metallicity*
Authors: Jameson Katherine E. , Bolatto Alberto D. , Wolfire Mark , Warren Steven R. , Herrera-Camus Rodrigo , Croxall Kevin , Pellegrini Eric , Smith John-David , Rubio Monica , Indebetouw Remy , Israel Frank P. , Meixner Margaret , Roman-Duval Julia , van Loon Jacco Th. , Muller Erik , Verdugo Celia , Zinnecker Hans , Okada Yoko 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) provides the only laboratory to study the structure of molecular gas at high resolution and low metallicity. We present results from the Herschel Spectroscopic Survey of the SMC (HS3), which mapped the key far-IR cooling lines [C ii], [O i], [N ii], and [O iii] in five star-forming regions, and new ALMA 7 m array maps of

and

with coverage overlapping four of the five HS3 regions. We detect [C ii] and [O i] throughout all of the regions mapped. The data allow us to compare the structure of the molecular clouds and surrounding photodissociation regions using

,

, [C ii], and [O i] emission at

(

pc) scales. We estimate

using far-IR thermal continuum emission from dust and find that the CO/[C ii] ratios reach the Milky Way value at high

in the centers of the clouds and fall to

the Milky Way value in the outskirts, indicating the presence of translucent molecular gas not traced by bright

emission. We estimate the amount of molecular gas traced by bright [C ii] emission at low

and bright

emission at high

. We find that most of the molecular gas is at low

and traced by bright [C ii] emission, but that faint

emission appears to extend to where we estimate that the

-to-H i transition occurs. By converting our

gas estimates to a CO-to-

conversion factor (X
CO), we show that X
CO is primarily a function of

, consistent with simulations and models of low-metallicity molecular clouds.
ALMA Reveals an Inhomogeneous Compact Rotating Dense Molecular Torus at the NGC 1068 Nucleus
Authors: Imanishi 今 Masatoshi 西昌俊 , Nakanishi 中 Kouichiro 西康一郎 , Izumi 泉 Takuma 拓磨 , Wada 和 Keiichi 田桂一 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We present the results of our ALMA Cycle 4 high-spatial-resolution (0.″04–0.″07) observations, at HCN J = 3–2 and HCO+
J = 3–2 lines, of the nucleus of NGC 1068, the nearby prototypical type 2 active galactic nucleus (AGN). Our previous ALMA observations identified the compact emission of these lines at the putative location of the torus around a mass-accreting supermassive black hole. We now report that we have detected the rotation of this compact emission, with the eastern and western sides being redshifted and blueshifted, respectively. Unlike the previously reported CO J = 6–5 emission, both the morphological and dynamical alignments of the HCN J = 3–2 and HCO+
J = 3–2 emission are roughly along the east–west direction (i.e., the expected torus direction), suggesting that these molecular lines are better probes of a rotating dense molecular gas component in the torus. The western part of the torus exhibits larger velocity dispersion and stronger emission in the HCN J = 3–2 and HCO+
J = 3–2 lines than the eastern part, revealing a highly inhomogeneous molecular torus. The dense molecular gas in the torus and that of the host galaxy at 0.″5–2.″0 from the AGN along the torus direction are found to be counter-rotating, suggesting an external process happened in the past at the NGC 1068 nucleus.
Vladimir Poutine : une représentation géopolitique ? De l’image à l’usage
Authors: Filler André , Filimonov Dimitry 
Published: January 2018

La présente étude se propose d’analyser le rôle joué par l’image de Vladimir Poutine dans la construction des représentations géopolitiques de la Russie contemporaine. Elle cherche à établir le rôle de l’image de l’« homme fort » du pouvoir russe dans le spectre de constructions idéologiques visant à minimiser le risque d’alternance brutale au sommet de l’État. Nous soutenons que, contrairement aux modèles « autoritaires » classiques, l’image du président incarnant le territoire de l’État n’obéit pas à une logique stricte de propagande à vecteur unique, mais concentre le lieu de rencontre entre les intérêts des élites et les aspirations des masses. Une typologie des techniques assurant cette iconographie consensuelle est convoquée afin de démontrer de façon empirique les mécanismes variés de l’élaboration de la représentation poutinienne. Ces productions s’inscrivent dans une logique que nous qualifions de power branding visant à « labelliser » l’exercice du pouvoir au-delà des facteurs individuels ou du cadre strict de la fonction suprême. Devenue un « produit » partagé par les élites pragmatiques et les masses, romantiques, l’image de Vladimir Poutine incarne par la suite l’origine politique de l’action géopolitique russe.
L’Église orthodoxe russe : nationalisme ou universalité ?
Authors: Mitrofanova Anastasia 
Published: January 2018

Le présent article se donne pour objectif de démontrer la pluralité d’opinions et d’actions politiques au sein de l’Église russe orthodoxe. Contrairement à une représentation répandue et relayée par les médias de l’Église russe uniquement comme concentration des mouvances les plus obscurantistes et conservatrices de la Russie postsoviétique, l’étude démontre un corps historique à vocation politique et géopolitique majeur, ayant du mal à trouver sa voie et sa voix. Pris en tenailles par les deux extrêmes : le nationalisme ethnique et l’universalisme déculturé, le gouvernement ecclésial se trouve dans la position délicate de devoir fédérer des évêques, des clercs et des fidèles actifs, voire militants dont les positions se substituent à celle exprimée par les organes de gouvernance et le patriarche. Par ailleurs, une autre représentation tenace se voit mise en question par la présente étude : celle d’une relation symbiotique entre l’Église et l’État. Bien que les deux soient séparés du point de vue constitutionnel, leurs rapports sont plus complexes que le donnent à voir les analyses superficielles : l’Église ne suit pas toujours l’action géopolitique de l’État (notamment dans le conflit ukrainien), l’État peut faire barrage à la mainmise de l’Église sur des questions sociétales. Dans l’ensemble, l’Église russe reste la proie de ses contradictions internes et externes que la présente étude met en exergue.
De Pierre le Grand à Vladimir Poutine : géopolitique du territoire intermétropolitain Moscou-Saint-Pétersbourg
Authors: Pawlotsky Vladimir 
Published: January 2018

Depuis la création de Saint-Pétersbourg en 1703, les dirigeants russes ont cherché, au nom du principe de modernisation du pays, à développer des infrastructures de transport entre la capitale impériale et Moscou. Actuellement, les autorités font le pari de la grande vitesse et ont déployé un dispositif ferroviaire et autoroutier permettant de relier Moscou à Saint-Pétersbourg en un temps record. Néanmoins, les populations du territoire intermétropolitain entre Moscou et Saint-Pétersbourg ne bénéficient pas – dans leur grande majorité – de ces infrastructures et, même, souffrent de la primauté de celles-ci sur les réseaux locaux de transport. L’article entend analyser, en retraçant la généalogie de l’aménagement du territoire intermétropolitain, l’actuelle stratégie des autorités en matière d’infrastructure de transport.
Anatomie de la diplomatie culturelle russe à l’ère postsoviétique
Authors: Audinet Maxime 
Published: January 2018

L’article s’intéresse aux caractéristiques de la diplomatie culturelle mise en place en Russie postsoviétique depuis la fin des années 2000. Il suit une approche centrée sur ses deux principaux instruments, l’agence fédérale Rossotrudničestvo et la fondation Russkij Mir, en étudiant leurs mécanismes institutionnels, les documents officiels régissant leur action, les ressorts de leur internationalisation et les discours de leurs dirigeants. La diplomatie culturelle russe se présente en définitive comme une politique d’influence administrée par la puissance publique et alignée sur les priorités diplomatiques et idéologiques du gouvernement russe.
Korean Nursing Students' Acquisition of Evidence-Based Practice and Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Kim Sang Suk , Kim Eun Joo , Lim Ji Young , Kim Geun Myun , Baek Hee Chong 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is essential for enhancing nurses' quality of care. We identified Korean nursing students' practices, attitudes, and knowledge concerning EBP, as well as their critical thinking disposition (CTD).

Method:
The EBP Questionnaire (EBPQ) was administered to a convenience sample of 266 nursing students recruited from four nursing schools in Seoul and its metropolitan area.

Results:

Average EBPQ and CTD total scores were 4.69 ± 0.64 and 3.56 ± 0.32, respectively. Students who were ages ⩾23 years, male, and satisfied with their major demonstrated higher EBPQ and CTD scores. EBPQ scores were significantly correlated with CTD scores (
r
= .459,
p
< .01), and CTD was an explanatory factor of EBP (adjusted
R
2
= 0.200).

Conclusion:

It is necessary to develop comprehensive teaching strategies to help nursing students improve their CTD and information utilization skills, as well as integrate EBP in undergraduate programs to enhance nurses' EBP abilities. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(1):21–27.]
Burnout and Its Contributing Factors Among Midlevel Academic Nurse Leaders
Authors: Flynn Linda , Ironside Pamela M. 
Published: January 2018

Background:Amid concerns regarding administrator shortages, a survey conducted by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing indicates that 10% of all vacant faculty positions are those that include administrative responsibilities. This study was designed to determine the frequency, predictors, and potential retention consequences of burnout among midlevel academic nurse leaders, such as assistant deans, associate deans, and others.Method:The sample consisted of 146 midlevel academic nurse leaders from 29 schools of nursing. Burnout was measured by the emotional exhaustion subscale of the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Logistic regression models were estimated to determine effects of study variables on burnout and intent to leave.Results:Dissatisfaction with workload, dissatisfaction with work–life balance, and hours typically worked per week increased odds of burnout. Burnout was associated with intent to leave.Conclusion:High workloads and long work weeks are increasing the odds of burnout among midlevel academic nurse leaders. [J Nurs Educ.2018;57(1):28–34.]
Editorial
Authors: Macnamara Jim , Crawford Robert 
Published: January 2018

Welcome to the first issue of Public Communication Review.
Borrowing an approach from journalism, it is appropriate in this first issue to briefly explain the who, what, where, when, why and how of this publication.

Who and where?

Public Communication Review is published by the Australian Centre for Public Communication (ACPC) at the University of Technology Sydney.

Why?

The Centre was established in 2002 to facilitate research in the field of public communication and to engage with industry and the professions through the dissemination of research and stimulation of debate on important issues, encouraging innovation, and promoting ethical practice. The ACPC is very much a result of UTS’ vision and goal to integrate theory and practice. Along with undertaking partnership and contract research, hosting seminars on key issues, and conducting short courses, the Centre decided that a quality journal is a key channel for achieving its objectives.

When we asked the question ‘why launch another journal’, the members and the Advisory Board of the Australian Centre for Public Communication agreed that integration of theory and practice and our holistic view of the field of public communication fill a gap in the field.

What?

While recognising and respecting the specialist disciplinary fields of public relations, advertising, journalism and media studies, we use the title ‘public communication’ to draw focus to the interrelated and inter-dependent nature of a range of public communication practices. We define public
communication as comprising advertising, public relations, organisational and corporate communication, and political communication including campaigns and engagement in the public sphere, as well as media communication generally. These practices are also closely inter-connected
with journalism – albeit, sometimes in a tensioned relationship. We believe that this holistic view brings a new perspective and vantage point for exploring public communication. It recognises convergence and an increasing blurring of boundaries between practices of production, practices of distribution, and practices of consumption in the ‘Second Media Age’, and it facilitates discussion of common concerns and interests across practices of public communication.

When?

We intend to publish two issues a year.

How?

We have decided that Public Communication Review will be an e-journal as this allows research to be distributed more quickly than print publications and it enables the journal to respond to topical issues. Furthermore, it reflects the practices of the digital media age which are a focus of this journal.

On behalf of the Centre and the University of Technology Sydney, I thank the distinguished scholars who have agreed to be members of the Editorial Board and welcome you to Public Communication Review.
CALL FOR PAPERS: "On Art" and "W(h)ither Human Rights?"
Authors: Reynolds Rocque 
Published: January 2018

Public Space: the Journal of Law and Social Justice is the new multi-media peer reviewed online journal published by the Faculty of Law of the University of Technology, Sydney and UTS ePress. Our multi-media capability means that contributors can include photographic, video and sound recordings in their text-based contribution or submit a purely image-based or sound-based contribution. Our first two editions can be viewed at
http://epress.lib.uts.edu.au/ojs/index.php/publicspace We are now calling for papers for our next two editions due for publication in March 2009 and
September 2009. The March edition is “On Art”. The September edition is “W(h)ither Human Rights?""
Gross and net land cover changes in the main plant functional types derived from the annual ESA CCI land cover maps (1992–2015)
Authors: Li Wei , MacBean Natasha , Ciais Philippe , Defourny Pierre , Lamarche Céline , Bontemps Sophie , Houghton Richard A. , Peng Shushi 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Land-use and land-cover change (LULCC) impacts local energy and
water balance and contributes on global scale to a net carbon
emission to the atmosphere. The newly released annual ESA CCI (climate change initiative) land
cover maps provide continuous land cover changes at 300 m
resolution from 1992 to 2015, and can be used in land surface models
(LSMs) to simulate LULCC effects on carbon stocks and on surface
energy budgets. Here we investigate the absolute areas and gross and
net changes in different plant functional types (PFTs) derived from
ESA CCI products. The results are compared with other
datasets. Global areas of forest, cropland and grassland PFTs from
ESA are 30.4, 19.3 and 35.7 million km2 in the year 2000. The
global forest area is lower than that from LUH2v2h (Hurtt et al.,
2011), Hansen et al. (2013) or Houghton and Nassikas (2017) while
cropland area is higher than LUH2v2h (Hurtt et al., 2011), in which
cropland area is from HYDE 3.2 (Klein Goldewijk et al., 2016). Gross
forest loss and gain during 1992–2015 are 1.5 and
0.9 million km2 respectively, resulting in a net forest
loss of 0.6 million km2, mainly occurring in South and
Central America. The magnitudes of gross changes in forest, cropland
and grassland PFTs in the ESA CCI are smaller than those in other
datasets. The magnitude of global net cropland gain for the whole
period is consistent with HYDE 3.2 (Klein Goldewijk et al., 2016),
but most of the increases happened before 2004 in ESA and after
2007 in HYDE 3.2. Brazil, Bolivia and Indonesia are the countries
with the largest net forest loss from 1992 to 2015, and the
decreased areas are generally consistent with those from Hansen
et al. (2013) based on Landsat 30 m resolution
images. Despite discrepancies compared to other datasets, and
uncertainties in converting into PFTs, the new ESA CCI products
provide the first detailed long-term time series of land-cover change and
can be implemented in LSMs to characterize recent carbon dynamics,
and in climate models to simulate land-cover change feedbacks on
climate. The annual ESA CCI land cover products can be downloaded
from http://maps.elie.ucl.ac.be/CCI/viewer/download.php (Land
Cover Maps – v2.0.7; see details in Sect. 5). The PFT map
translation protocol and an example in 2000 can be downloaded from
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.834229. The annual ESA CCI PFT maps from
1992 to 2015 at 0.5∘×0.5∘ resolution can
also be downloaded from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1048163.