bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jejak Perlawanan dalam Novel Bumi Manusia dan De Stille Kracht
Authors: Murwani Christina Dewi Tri 
Published: April 2017

Menerapkan teori poskolonial pada dua karya sastra yang ditulis oleh dua pengarang yang berbeda nasionalitasnya dan ditulis dalam kurun waktu yang berlainan tetapi merepresentasikan kehidupan masa kolonial Hindia Belanda adalah hal yang menarik. Bumi Manusia (BM, 1980) karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer dan De Stille Kracht (DSK, 1900) karya Louis Couperus menghadirkan kehidupan pejabat/pegawai Hindia Belanda, pribumi, dan nonpribumi, antara akhir abad ke-19 dan awal abad ke-20: BM memandang dan mengritik pendidikan dan hukum kolonial Belanda, sedangkan DSK memandang dan mengritik perilaku pejabat pribumi yang dipenuhi pemikiran mistik dan pelanggaran tugas. Kedua novel yang berakhir dengan kehancuran keluarga tokoh mengungkapkan pendapat bahwa hubungan yang tak setara, penjajahan, sampai kapan pun hanya menghadirkan perlawanan dan kesengsaraan.

Abstract:
Applying the postcolonial theory towards two novels, which were written by two authors from different nationalities and periods, representing the life of Dutch colonial period, is an interesting work. Bumi Manusia (1980) by Pramoedya Ananta Toer, Indonesian author, and De Stille Kracht (1900) by Louis Couperus, Dutch author, tell about the life of Dutch government officials ( indigenous and non-indigenous ) on the end of the 19th century until the early of the 20th. Bumi Manusia views and criticizes education and the Dutch colonial law; De Stille kracht views and criticizes indigenous government officials with their mystic thought and violation of duty. Both novels, which end with broken families of the main characters, reveal the opinion that the non-equal connection, colonization just brings struggle and suffering forever.

Key Words: postcolonialism, representation of colonial periode, mystic and education, laws and violation
Outcome of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis in distal tibial fractures
Authors: Pradhan Nabees Man Singh , Khan JA , Acharya B , Shrestha S , Tamrakar R , Gyawali B , Bhatta TR , Shrestha S K , Rahbhandari A 
Published: April 2017

Introduction: Distal tibial fractures present as a major challenge for the orthopedic trauma surgeons. Most non-operative treatments result in non-union or malunion and needs prolonged immobilization of the knee and ankle joints, with resulting stiffness. Open reduction and internal fixation as well as external fixation has high rate of infection and non-union. Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis has been shown to have a better outcome and has been the procedure of choice in most distal tibial fractures since the introduction of the locking compression plate. The objective of the study is to review the outcome of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Osteosynthesis (MIPO) in unstable distal tibial fractures.Methods: Charts of patients who underwent MIPO from the year 2008 to 2013 for unstable distal tibial fractures over five years at Patan Hospital and Om Hospital were reviewed. All displaced closed fractures and Gustillo Anderson Type I and II fractures were included in the study. Plates consisted of the anatomically contoured 4.5 mm LCP and 3.5 mm LCP-Pilon form plate. A simple uniplanar external fixator was used to retain the reduction till the plate was inserted and secured with locking screws. The outcome of MIPO in distal tibial fractures were followed up and evaluated. Clinical and radiological assessments were performed at 6 weeks, and at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 months.Results: Of the 75 patients (45 male, 30 female) age ranging from 19 to 70 years (mean 47 years), 5 patients were lost to follow-up. 28 patients at 3 months, 32 at 6 months, and 8 at 9 months met the criteria for a healed fracture. Two patients required autologous bone grafting at 9 months for non-union ultimately resulting in the fracture union at 16 months. There was one malunion attributable to the loss of reduction during plate fixation. There were no deep infections, no soft tissue complications and no failures of fixation. The cause of fracture were RTA (n=35), fall from height (n=9), twisting of ankle as a result of fall from standing height (n=22), and others (n=11). The mean time for surgery from the time of injury was 5 (range, 2 to 14) days; the mean hospital stay was 10 (range, 7 to 21) days.Conclusion: MIPO is an effective treatment for closed, unstable fractures of the distal tibia, avoiding the complications associated with more traditional methods of internal fixation and/or external fixation.Journal of Society of Surgeons of NepalVol. 17, No. 2, 2014, Page: 7-11
Intratumoral delivery of bortezomib: impact on survival in an intracranial glioma tumor model
Authors: Wang Weijun , Cho Hee-Yeon , Rosenstein-Sisson Rachel , Marín Ramos Nagore I. , Price Ryan , Hurth Kyle , Schönthal Axel H. , Hofman Florence M. , Chen Thomas C. 
Published: April 2017

OBJECTIVEGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent and the most aggressive of primary brain tumors. There is currently no effective treatment for this tumor. The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib is effective for a variety of tumors, but not for GBM. The authors' goal was to demonstrate that bortezomib can be effective in the orthotopic GBM murine model if the appropriate method of drug delivery is used. In this study the Alzet mini-osmotic pump was used to bring the drug directly to the tumor in the brain, circumventing the blood-brain barrier; thus making bortezomib an effective treatment for GBM.METHODSThe 2 human glioma cell lines, U87 and U251, were labeled with luciferase and used in the subcutaneous and intracranial in vivo tumor models. Glioma cells were implanted subcutaneously into the right flank, or intracranially into the frontal cortex of athymic nude mice. Mice bearing intracranial glioma tumors were implanted with an Alzet mini-osmotic pump containing different doses of bortezomib. The Alzet pumps were introduced directly into the tumor bed in the brain. Survival was documented for mice with intracranial tumors.RESULTSGlioma cells were sensitive to bortezomib at nanomolar quantities in vitro. In the subcutaneous in vivo xenograft tumor model, bortezomib given intravenously was effective in reducing tumor progression. However, in the intracranial glioma model, bortezomib given systemically did not affect survival. By sharp contrast, animals treated with bortezomib intracranially at the tumor site exhibited significantly increased survival.CONCLUSIONSBypassing the blood-brain barrier by using the osmotic pump resulted in an increase in the efficacy of bortezomib for the treatment of intracranial tumors. Thus, the intratumoral administration of bortezomib into the cranial cavity is an effective approach for glioma therapy.
Clival chordomas: considerations after 16 years of endoscopic endonasal surgery
Authors: Zoli Matteo , Milanese Laura , Bonfatti Rocco , Faustini-Fustini Marco , Marucci Gianluca , Tallini Giovanni , Zenesini Corrado , Sturiale Carmelo , Frank Giorgio , Pasquini Ernesto , Mazzatenta Diego 
Published: April 2017

OBJECTIVEIn the past decade, the role of the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) has relevantly evolved for skull base tumors. In this study, the authors review their surgical experience with using an EEA in the treatment of clival chordomas, which are deep and infiltrative skull base lesions, and they highlight the advantages and limitations of this ventral approach.METHODSAll consecutive cases of chordoma treated with an EEA between 1998 and 2015 at a single institution are included in this study. Preoperative assessment consisted of neuroimaging (MRI and CT with angiography sequences) and endocrinological, neurological, and ophthalmological evaluations, which were repeated 3 months after surgery and annually thereafter. Postoperative adjuvant therapies were considered.RESULTSSixty-five patients (male/female ratio 1:0.9) were included in this study. The median age was 48 years (range 9–80 years). Gross-total resection (GTR) was achieved in 47 cases (58.7%). On univariate analysis, primary procedures (p = 0.001), location in the superior or middle third of the clivus (p = 0.043), extradural location (p = 0.035), and histology of conventional chordomas (p = 0.013) were associated with a higher rate of GTR. The complication rate was 15.1%, and there were no perioperative deaths. Most complications did not result in permanent sequelae and included 2 CSF leaks (2.5%), 5 transient cranial nerve VI palsies (6.2%), and 2 internal carotid artery injuries (2.5%), which were treated with coil occlusion of the internal carotid artery without neurological deficits. Three patients (3.8%) presented with complications resulting in permanent neurological deficits due to a postoperative hematoma (1.2%) causing a hemiparesis, and 2 permanent ophthalmoplegias (2.5%). Seventeen patients (26.2%) have died of tumor progression over the course of follow-up (median 52 months, range 7–159 months). Based on Kaplan-Meier analysis, the survival rate was 77% at 5 years and 57% at 10 years. On multivariate analysis, the extent of tumor removal (p = 0.001) and the absence of previous treatments (p = 0.001) proved to be correlated with a longer survival rate.CONCLUSIONSThe EEA was associated with a high rate of tumor removal and symptom control, with low morbidity and preservation of a good quality of life. These results allow for a satisfactory overall survival rate, particularly after GTR and for primary surgery. Considering these results, the authors believe that an EEA can be a helpful tool in chordoma surgery, achieving a good balance between as much tumor removal as possible and the preservation of an acceptable patient quality of life.
Association between Peritoneal Glucose Exposure and Peritonitis in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: The BalANZ Trial
Authors: Nataatmadja Melissa , Cho Yeoungjee , Pascoe Elaine M. , Darssan Darsy , Hawley Carmel M. , Johnson David W. 
Published: April 2017

Background Glucose is the primary osmotic medium used in most peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions, and exposure to glucose has been shown to exert detrimental effects both locally, at the peritoneal membrane, and systemically. Moreover, high dialysate glucose exposure may predispose patients to an increased risk of peritonitis, perhaps as a result of impaired host defences, vascular disease, and damage to the peritoneal membrane. Methods In this post-hoc analysis of a multicenter, multinational, open-label randomized controlled trial of neutral pH, low-glucose degradation product (GDP) versus conventional PD solutions ( balANZ trial), the relationship between peritonitis rates of low (< 123.1 g/day) versus high (≥ 123.1 g/day) dialysate glucose exposure was evaluated in 177 incident PD patients over a 2-year study period. Results Peritonitis rates were 0.44 episodes per patient-year in the low-glucose exposure group and 0.31 episodes per patient-year in the high-glucose exposure group, (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.69, p = 0.09). There was no significant association between dialysate glucose exposure and peritonitis-free survival on univariable analysis (high glucose exposure hazard ratio [HR] 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.40 –1.08) or on multivariable analysis (adjusted HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.39 – 1.05). Moreover, there was no relationship between peritoneal glucose exposure and type of organism causing peritonitis. Physician-rated severity of first peritonitis episodes was similar between groups, as was rate and duration of hospital admission. Conclusions Overall, this study did not identify an association between peritoneal dialysate glucose exposure and peritonitis occurrence, severity, hospitalization, or outcomes. A further large-scale, prospective, randomized controlled trial evaluating patient-level outcomes is merited.
The Influence of Glucose Exposure Load and Peritoneal Membrane Transport on Body Composition and Nutritional Status Changes after 1 Year on Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Caron-Lienert Rafaela Siviero , Poli-de-Figueiredo Carlos Eduardo , Figueiredo Ana Elizabeth Prado Lima , da Costa Bartira Ercília Pinheiro , Crepaldi Carlo , Pizzato Alessandra Campani , Ferrari Fiorenza , Giuliani Anna , Ronco Claudio 
Published: April 2017

Background The characteristics of peritoneal membrane transport differ among patients, affecting the prescription of peritoneal dialysis (PD) modality and glucose exposure in order to achieve an effective dialysis. This study aims to verify the influence of glucose exposure load and peritoneal membrane transport on body composition and nutritional status changes after the first year of PD. Methods We examined a cohort of 85 incident PD patients during the first year of treatment. We established a cut-off of 5% to define changes in dry weight (DW), lean tissue mass (LTM), and fat mass (FM). Results In total, 50.6% of the patients presented DW gain, 41.2% showed LTM loss, and 65.9% presented FM gain. Over the time (T0 – T12), we found significant differences in DW, body mass index (BMI), adipose tissue mass (ATM), FM and fat tissue index (FTI). Patients with lower dialysate-to-plasma creatinine ratio showed DW and FM gain. We observed a higher percentage of nonfast transporters in DW gain when comparing with DW no gain. As for glucose exposure load, no body composition changes were seen. Conclusions Most patients presented DW gain, FM gain, and LTM loss. The characteristics of peritoneal membrane transport affected DW during the first year, changes being greater in nonfast than in fast transporters.
Time for determining the diagnosis of brain death and its relation to organ donation
Authors: Amorim Ingrid Gurgel , De Mendonça Ana Elza Oliveira , Freire Izaura Luzia Silvério , Nobre Thaiza Teixeira Xavier , Dantas Raysa Da Silva , De Morais Rafael Otávio Bezerra , Amorim Érico Gurgel , Amorim Paula Andréa Gurgel , Neto Vinicius Lino de Sousa , Júnior Belarmino Santos de Sousa 
Published: April 2017

This study aimed to identify the time needed for confirmation of brain death and its relation to organ donation. Quantitative, descriptive and retrospective study with 175 patients who had diagnosis of brain death completed between January and December 2013. The time from 11 to 20 hours (38.9%) prevailed, with average of 17.91 hours (SD 17.53). There was significant association between the finding of brain death diagnosis in less than 20 hours and the number of donated livers (P = 0.041). We stress the importance of speeding up the diagnosis of brain death as an important step of the donation process, in order to contribute to realization of transplants.
Key words: Brain Death; Time; Directed Tissue Donation; Nursing.
Experiences Of Mothers Of Children With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Pinheiro Joana Angélica Marques , Pessoa Vera Lúcia Mendes de Paula , Machado Marcia Maria Tavares , Moreira Thereza Maria Magalhães , Salles Dafne Lopes 
Published: April 2017

Introduction: This article discusses the experience of mothers during the process of falling ill of their children with congenital heart disease.
Method: This is a descriptive research with qualitative approach conducted with nine mothers who had their babies admitted to a pediatric cardiology unit in a reference center for treatment of congenital heart disease in the North and Northeast regions in Brazil located in Fortaleza, Ceará. Information and reports on the experience of these mothers emerging from the diagnosis process, surgery, treatment and hospitalization were collected in semi-structured individual interviews. After interviews, the testimonies of mothers were transcribed in full-length, identifying the speeches with the codes M1, M2,...M9, thereby ensuring anonymity. We used the thematic analysis technique of Minayo (2012) for treatment of information and design of the content of this article. This article is part of the research project: Breastfeeding babies with heart disease, approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Messejana Hospital, under Opinion No 1,285,784.
Results: The study demonstrated that infants with congenital heart disease require specific and specialized care and that mothers undertake a long and sometimes painful journey in the search for the healing of their child.
Conclusion: Based on the collected speeches, we learned that mothers also need to be assisted by professionals of the health team. They must support the mother's empowerment in the child care and strengthen the relationship of the mother-infant binomial, and help in coping and adapting to the reality in the process of falling ill and healing of their child.

Key words: Congenital heart disease. Experience of mothers
HAT-P-67b: An Extremely Low Density Saturn Transiting an F-subgiant Confirmed via Doppler Tomography∗
Authors: Zhou G. , Bakos G. Á. , Hartman J. D. , Latham D. W. , Torres G. , Bhatti W. , Penev K. , Buchhave L. , Kovács G. , Bieryla A. , Quinn S. , Isaacson H. , Fulton B. J. , Falco E. , Csubry Z. , Everett M. , Szklenar T. , Esquerdo G. , Berlind P. , Calkins M. L. , Béky B. , Knox R. P. , Hinz P. , Horch E. P. , Hirsch L. , Howell S. B. , Noyes R. W. , Marcy G. , Val-Borro M. de , Lázár J. , Papp I. , Sári P. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We report the discovery of HAT-P-67b, which is a hot-Saturn transiting a rapidly rotating F-subgiant. HAT-P-67b has a radius of

, and orbites a

,

host star in a ∼4.81 day period orbit. We place an upper limit on the mass of the planet via radial velocity measurements to be

, and a lower limit of

by limitations on Roche lobe overflow. Despite being a subgiant, the host star still exhibits relatively rapid rotation, with a projected rotational velocity of

, which makes it difficult to precisely determine the mass of the planet using radial velocities. We validated HAT-P-67b via two Doppler tomographic detections of the planetary transit, which eliminate potential eclipsing binary blend scenarios. The Doppler tomographic observations also confirm that HAT-P-67b has an orbit that is aligned to within 12°, in projection, with the spin of its host star. HAT-P-67b receives strong UV irradiation and is among one of the lowest density planets known, which makes it a good candidate for future UV transit observations in the search for an extended hydrogen exosphere.
Dynamically Hot Super-Earths from Outer Giant Planet Scattering
Authors: Huang Chelsea X. , Petrovich Cristobal , Deibert Emily 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The hundreds of multiple planetary systems discovered by the Kepler mission are typically observed to reside in close-in (

AU), low-eccentricity, low-inclination orbits. We run N-body experiments to study the effect that unstable outer (

AU) giant planets, whose end orbital configurations resemble those in the Radial Velocity population, have on these close-in multiple super-Earth systems. Our experiments show that the giant planets greatly reduce the multiplicity of the inner super-Earths, and the surviving population can have large eccentricities (

) and inclinations (

) at levels that anti-correlate with multiplicity. Consequently, this model predicts the existence of a population of dynamically hot single-transiting planets with typical eccentricities and inclinations of ∼0.1–0.5 and ∼10°–40°. We show that these results can explain the following observations: (i) the recent eccentricity measurements of Kepler super-Earths from transit durations; (ii) the tentative observation that single-transiting systems have a wider distribution of stellar obliquity angles compared to the multiple-transiting systems; (iii) the architecture of some eccentric super-Earths discovered by Radial Velocity surveys such as HD 125612c. Future observations from TESS will reveal many more dynamically hot single transiting planets, for which follow up radial velocity studies will be able to test our models and see whether they have outer giant planets.
A Numerical Study of Forbush Decreases with a 3D Cosmic-Ray Modulation Model Based on an SDE Approach
Authors: Luo Xi , Potgieter Marius S. , Zhang Ming , Feng Xueshang 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Based on the reduced diffusion mechanism for producing Forbush decreases (Fds) in the heliosphere, we constructed a three-dimensional (3D) diffusion barrier, and by incorporating it into a stochastic differential equation (SDE) based time-dependent, cosmic-ray transport model, a 3D numerical model for simulating Fds is built and applied to a period of relatively quiet solar activity. This SDE model generally corroborates previous Fd simulations concerning the effects of the solar magnetic polarity, the tilt angle of the heliospheric current sheet (HCS), and cosmic-ray particle energy. Because the modulation processes in this 3D model are multi-directional, the barrier’s geometrical features affect the intensity profiles of Fds differently. We find that both the latitudinal and longitudinal extent of the barrier have relatively fewer effects on these profiles than its radial extent and the level of decreased diffusion inside the disturbance. We find, with the 3D approach, that the HCS rotational motion causes the relative location from the observation point to the HCS to vary, so that a periodic pattern appears in the cosmic-ray intensity at the observing location. Correspondingly, the magnitude and recovery time of an Fd change, and the recovering intensity profile contains oscillation as well. Investigating the Fd magnitude variation with heliocentric radial distance, we find that the magnitude decreases overall and, additionally, that the Fd magnitude exhibits an oscillating pattern as the radial distance increases, which coincides well with the wavy profile of the HCS under quiet solar modulation conditions.
The Slow Orbital Evolution of the Accreting Millisecond Pulsar IGR J0029+5934
Authors: Patruno Alessandro 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The accreting millisecond pulsars IGR J00291+5934 and SAX J1808.4–3658 are two compact binaries with very similar orbital parameters. The latter has been observed to evolve on a very short timescale of ∼70 Myr, which is more than an order of magnitude shorter than expected. There is an ongoing debate on the possibility that the pulsar spin-down power ablates the companion, generating large amounts of mass-loss in the system. Therefore it is interesting to study whether IGR J00291+5934 does show a similar behavior as its twin system SAX J1808.4–3658. In this work we present the first constraints on the orbital period derivative of IGR J00291+5934. By using XMM-Newton data recorded during the 2015 outburst and adding the previous results of the 2004 and 2008 outbursts, we are able to measure a 90% confidence level allowed range of

−
5
×

10

−
13

<

P

˙

b

<
6
×

10

−
13

. This implies that the binary is evolving on a timescale longer than 0.5 Gyr, which is compatible with the expected timescale of mass transfer driven by angular momentum loss via gravitational radiation. We discuss the scenario in which the power loss from magnetic dipole radiation of the neutron star is hitting the companion star. If this model is applied to SAX J1808.4–3658, then the difference in orbital behavior can be ascribed to a different efficiency for the conversion of the spin-down power into energetic relativistic pulsar wind and X-ray/gamma-ray radiation for the two pulsars, with IGR J00291+5934 requiring an extraordinarily low efficiency of less than ∼5% to explain the observations. We thus conclude that the pulsar wind ablation model is unlikely to be an accurate description of the mechanism driving the orbital evolution of the two systems.