bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survey on laparoscopic total gastrectomy at the 11th China‐Korea‐Japan Laparoscopic Gastrectomy Joint Seminar
Authors: Cai Zheng‐hao , Zang Lu , Yang Han‐Kwang , Kitano Seigo , Zheng Min‐hua 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIntroductionLaparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) has been widely performed for gastric cancer in China, Korea, and Japan. The current status of this surgical approach needs to be investigated.MethodsDuring the 11th China‐Korea‐Japan Laparoscopic Gastrectomy Joint Seminar in Shanghai, China, on 5 March 2016, a questionnaire was completed by 65 experts in LTG. The survey included questions on surgical indication, operation team, laparoscopic instruments, and operative procedures.ResultsOf the 65 respondents, 35 (53.8%) were from China, 18 (27.7%) were from Korea, and 12 (18.5%) were from Japan. Surgeons have various indications for LTG. Among respondents, stage II gastric cancer (42.9%) was the most acceptable indication, but Japanese surgeons were more cautious on this issue (P = 0.005). Using a flexible scope was more popular with Japanese surgeons than with others (P = 0.003). A goose‐neck curved grasper was used more often in China and Korea than in Japan (P = 0.006). Chinese surgeons preferred vertical subxiphoid mini‐laparotomy rather than vertical transumbilical laparotomy. Intracorporeal reconstruction (73.0%) was most frequently adopted for LTG. Linear staplers (53.8%) and circular staplers (42.1%) were both popular for esophagojejunostomy. However, jejunojejunostomy was more often conducted extracorporeally (67.7%), in which case a linear stapler (86.4%) was usually selected. Significant differences were observed between the three countries with regard to reinforcement of the duodenal stump (P = 0.018) and closure of Peterson's space (P < 0.001).ConclusionThis survey on LTG involving surgeons from China, Korea, and Japan clearly informed the current practice of this surgical approach and will likely aid future research studies as well as clinical treatment for gastric cancer.
Effects of dietary supplementation of Acanthopanax senticosus on gastrointestinal tract development in calves
Authors: Kong Zhiwei , Jie Hongdong , Zhou Chuanshe , Yang Lianyu , Tan Zhiliang , Yang Wenyan 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTwenty‐four newborn Holstein dairy male calves (with initial body weight of 38 ± 3.0 kg) were used in a randomized block design experiment to determine effects of dietary supplementation of Acanthopanax senticosus (AS) on gastrointestinal tract development. Calves were fed milk (10%/body weight) three times at 06.00, 12.00 and 18.00 hours daily with one to four treatments during the experimental periods (4 to 28 days): no supplementation of AS (control group, CG); 1.0 g/L•time of micro‐powder AS (MP); 1.0 g/L•time of superfine powder AS (SP); or 1.0 g/L•time of coarse powder AS (CP). On days 7, 14, 21 and 28, 20 mL blood samples were collected at 06.00 hours before the morning feeding. At the end of the trial (28 days), all calves were euthanized, and tissue samples were taken and placed in 4% buffered formaldehyde for analyses. In the rumen of MP treatment, compared with the CG treatment, wall thickness and papillae diameter was both significantly lower (P<0.05), while crypt depth was significantly greater (P<0.05). In the duodenum, villi diameter of AS supplemented treatments was significantly lower than that of CG treatment (P<0.05). Results indicate that calves during sucking period supplemented with AS as MP style could promote gastrointestinal development.
Effects of Armillariella tabescens mycelia on the growth performance and intestinal immune response and microflora of early‐weaned pigs
Authors: Chen Wen‐Bin , Cheng Mao‐Ji , Tian Yun‐Bo , Wang Qin‐Hua , Wang Bing , Li Mei‐Jun , Fang Re‐Jun 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis study was performed to evaluate effects of Armillariella tabescens (A. tabescens) on the growth performance and intestinal immune response and microflora in early‐weaned pigs when used as feed additive. A. tabescens mycelia were added to basal diets at concentrations of 0%, 0.1%, 0.3% or 0.9% (w/w). A total of 144 commercial cross‐bred piglets were randomly allocated to one of these four diets and fed for 30 days. The growth performance of early‐weaned piglets displayed improvement with diets containing 0.1% and 0.3% dried mycelia powder from A. tabescens. Supplementing with 0.1% or 0.3% A. tabescens mycelia induced a 2.6‐ and three‐fold increase in secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) content in the jejunal mucosa, respectively, but had only a marginal effect on sIgA in the ileal mucosa. Expression of interleukin‐2, interferon‐γ, and tumor necrosis factor‐α in the jejunal mucosa were elevated with A. tabescens mycelia administration. Increased amounts of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. in the jejunum, and decreased amounts of Escherichia coli in the jejunum and ileum were observed with the administration of A. tabescens‐containing diets. This study demonstrated that A. tabescens had beneficial effects on the growth performance and intestinal microflora of early‐weaned pigs.
Social inequalities in tooth loss: A multinational comparison
Authors: Elani Hawazin W. , Harper Sam , Thomson William Murray , Espinoza Iris L. , Mejia Gloria C. , Ju Xiangqun , Jamieson Lisa M. , Kawachi Ichiro , Kaufman Jay S. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo conduct cross‐national comparison of education‐based inequalities in tooth loss across Australia, Canada, Chile, New Zealand and the United States.MethodsWe used nationally representative data from Australia's National Survey of Adult Oral Health; Canadian Health Measures Survey; Chile's First National Health Survey Ministry of Health; US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; and the New Zealand Oral Health Survey. We examined the prevalence of edentulism, the proportion of individuals having <21 teeth and the mean number of teeth present. We used education as a measure of socioeconomic position and measured absolute and relative inequalities. We used random‐effects meta‐analysis to summarize inequality estimates.ResultsThe USA showed the widest absolute and relative inequality in edentulism prevalence, whereas Chile demonstrated the largest absolute and relative social inequality gradient for the mean number of teeth present. Australia had the narrowest absolute and relative inequality gap for proportion of individuals having <21 teeth. Pooled estimates showed substantial heterogeneity for both absolute and relative inequality measures.ConclusionsThere is a considerable variation in the magnitude of inequalities in tooth loss across the countries included in this analysis.
Autogenous bone block grafting provides facial implant tissue stability long‐term
Authors: Verdugo Fernando , Uribarri Agurne , D'Addona Antonio 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundMucosal recession (MR) and bone loss can compromise anterior implant esthetics.PurposeTo evaluate tissue stability and clinical outcomes of anterior implants augmented with autogenous block transplants long‐term.Materials and MethodsThis prospective cross‐sectional clinical study analyzed facial tissue recession of anterior implants augmented with autogenous bone blocks and compared them to adjacent teeth in forty patients 52 months post‐augmentation. Clinical parameters, MR and implant transparency, were assessed at delivery and follow‐up. The hypothesis is that the facial mucosa of augmented implant sites is more resistant to trauma than the gingival margins of adjacent teeth.ResultsTeeth were seven times more likely to present a facial recession than adjacent augmented implants at 52‐month follow‐up (RR: 7; P < .001; 95%CI: 2.7‐18.0). Augmented implant sites were six times more likely to present “no‐tissue‐recession” than adjacent teeth (RR: 6.2; P < .001; 95%CI: 2.4‐15.7). Mean tooth facial tissue recession was significantly higher than adjacent implants, 1.18 ± 1.05 mm (range: 0‐3.5 mm) vs. 0.06 ± 0.2 mm (95%CI: 0.8‐1.5; P < .0001). Thick biotype teeth were 2 times more resistant to recession than thin biotype teeth (RR: 2.03; P = .03; 95%CI: 1.2‐3.5). Implant success rates were 100%. Lack of transparency and MR at facial implant sites lasted an average of 52 months and up to 144 without signs of inflammation or pocket formation regardless of the individual's biotype. Facial bone thicknesses of 2.2 mm seem optimal for tissue stability.ConclusionsAutogenous bone block augmentation with staged implant placement seems to be a predictable, short‐healing, reconstructive protocol in the esthetic zone maintaining stable peri‐implant tissues long‐term. Implant augmented sites seem more resistant to develop a recession than adjacent teeth.
A retrospective study on 1592 consecutively performed operations in one private referral clinic. Part I: Early inflammation and early implant failures
Authors: Antoun Hadi , Karouni Michel , Abitbol Jérémy , Zouiten Ons , Jemt Torsten 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundFew large‐scale follow‐up studies are reported on routine implant treatment.PurposeTo report retrospective data on early inflammatory and early implant failures in a large number of routine patients at one private referral clinic.Materials and MethodsA total of 1017 patients were consecutively provided with 3082 implants with an anodized surface (Nobel Biocare AB) at 1592 implant operations between 2000 and 2011. All patients reported with mucosa inflammation and bone loss and/or implant failures to the first annual examination were identified. A logistic multivariate data analysis was performed to identify possible factors with an association to the two events.ResultsAltogether 33 patients/operations presented early inflammation (2.1% operations). “History of periodontitis” (OR 3.91; 95% CI: 1.86‐8.21), “numbers of implants” (OR1.33; 95% CI:1.07‐1.67 per implant), “two stage surgical technique” (OR 3.70; 95% CI: 1.75‐7.85), and “lower jaw” treatment (OR 4.73; 95% CI: 2.12‐10.57) increased the risk for early mucositis with bone loss (P < .05). Highest risk for early inflammation was observed for patients at an age of 50‐55 years at surgery (P < .05). “Smoking habits” (OR 2.08; 95% CI: 1.06‐4.10) “Immediate implant placement” (OR 2.09; 95% CI: 1.23‐3.54), and “immediate grafting procedures” (OR 2.09; 95% CI: 1.04‐4.19) had a significant association to early implant failures (P < .05). Furthermore, risk for an early failure decreased with 22% per year of inclusion (2000 >2011; OR 1.22; 95% CI;1.08‐1.39).ConclusionHistory of periodontitis and two‐stage surgery protocols with bone grafts in the (posterior) lower jaw increased the risk for early inflammatory problems after surgery (P < .05), with the highest risk for mid‐aged patients (P < .05). Preventable factors related to the patient (smoking) and experience of surgeon showed to have a significant association to early implant failures in routine clinical practice (P < .05).
Physical activity in solid organ transplant recipients: Participation, predictors, barriers, and facilitators
Authors: Gustaw Tanya , Schoo Emma , Barbalinardo Colleen , Rodrigues Nicole , Zameni Yalda , Motta Vinícius Nogueira , Mathur Sunita , Janaudis‐Ferreira Tania 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundOur objectives were to describe the physical activity (PA) levels, predictors, barriers, and facilitators toPAin solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients.MethodsA web‐based questionnaire was sent to members of the Canadian Transplant Association including the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), and questions regarding barriers and facilitators ofPA.ResultsOne hundred and thirteenSOTrecipients completed the survey. The medianPASEscore was 164.5 (24.6‐482.7). Re‐transplantation was the only statistically significant predictor of levels ofPA. The most common facilitators ofPAincluded a feeling of health from activity (94%), motivation (88%), social support (76%), knowledge and confidence about exercise (74%) and physician recommendation (59%). Influential barriers were cost of fitness centers (42%), side effects post‐transplant or from medications (41%), insufficient exercise guidelines (37%), and feelings of less strength post‐transplant (37%).ConclusionThere is a large variation inPAlevels amongSOTrecipients. Multiple factors may explain the variance inPAlevels inSOTrecipients. Identification of facilitators and barriers toPAcan inform the development of health and educational promotion strategies to improve participation amongSOTrecipients with low activity levels.
Modulation of fronto‐parietal connections during the rubber hand illusion
Authors: Karabanov Anke Ninija , Ritterband‐Rosenbaum Anina , Christensen Mark Schram , Siebner Hartwig Roman , Nielsen Jens Bo 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that parieto‐frontal connections play a role in adjusting body ownership during the Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI). Using a motor version of the rubber hand illusion paradigm, we applied single‐site and dual‐site transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to investigate cortico‐spinal and parietal‐frontal connectivity during perceived rubber hand ownership. Healthy volunteers received a conditioning TMS pulse over left anterior intraparietal sulcus (aIPS) and a test TMS pulse over left primary motor cortex (M1). Motor Evoked Potentials (MEPs) were recorded at rest and during three RHI conditions: (i) agency and ownership, (ii) agency but no ownership and (iii) neither agency nor ownership. Parietal‐motor communication differed among experimental conditions. The induction of action ownership was associated with an inhibitory parietal‐to‐motor connectivity, which was comparable to the aIPS‐to‐M1 inhibition present at rest. This aIPS‐to‐M1 inhibition disappeared during movement conditions not inducing ownership. Cortico‐spinal excitability was not significantly modulated during the motor RHI as indicated by the task‐constant MEP amplitude elicited by the M1 test pulse alone. Our results indicate that the perceived ownership over the rubber hand is associated with normal parietal‐motor communication. This communication is disturbed if the sensorimotor conflict between one's own hand and the rubber hand is not resolved.
An η‐compliance method to estimate the J‐Δa curve for pipes with a circumferential surface crack
Authors: Parool N. , Qian X. , Koh C. G. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis paper presents an η‐compliance method to measure the J‐Δa curve for pipes with a circumferential surface crack, using the experimentally recorded load versus the crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) relationship. This study modifies the η method commonly practiced for standard through‐thickness fracture specimens to measure the energy release rate, J, from P‐CMOD curve for pipes with a circumferential surface crack. The non‐dimensional parameter η for the surface‐cracked pipes derives from elastic–plastic finite element analyses. The relationship between the crack size and the CMOD‐based compliance, coupled with crack profiles interpolated linearly between the fatigue crack profile and the crack profile after ductile tearing, allows determining the crack depth corresponding to the measured CMOD compliance. The measured location‐specific J‐Δa curves indicate consistency with the fracture resistance curve measured from through‐thickness fracture specimens at small crack extension levels. The difference between the fracture resistances becomes significantly larger as the crack extends beyond 0.5 mm.
Could biofuel development stress China's water resources?
Authors: Hao Mengmeng , Jiang Dong , Wang Jianhua , Fu Jingying , Huang Yaohuan 
Published: February 2017

AbstractConcerns over energy shortages and global climate change have stimulated developments toward renewable energy. Biofuels have been developed to replace fossil fuels to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases and other environmental impacts. However, food security and water scarcity are other growing concerns, and the increased production of biofuels may increase these problems. This study focuses on whether biofuel development would stress China's water resources. Cassava‐based fuel ethanol and sweet sorghum‐based fuel ethanol are the focus of this study because they are the most typical nongrain biofuels in China. The spatial distribution of the total water requirement of fuel ethanol over its life cycle process was simulated using a biophysical biogeochemical model and marginal land as one of the types of input data for the model to avoid impacts on food security. The total water requirement of fuel ethanol was then compared with the spatial distribution of water resources, and the influence of the development of fuel ethanol on water resources at the pixel and river basin region scales was analyzed. The result showed that the total water requirement of fuel ethanol ranges from 37.81 to 862.29 mm. However, considering water resource restrictions, not all of the marginal land is suitable for the development of fuel ethanol. Approximately 0.664 million km2 of marginal land is suitable for the development of fuel ethanol, most of which is located in the south of China, where water resources are plentiful. For these areas, the value of fuel ethanol's water footprint ranges from 0.05 to 11.90 m3 MJ−1. From the water point of view, Liaoning province, Guizhou province, Anhui province and Hunan province can be given priority for the development of fuel ethanol.
Alternative stable states and spatial indicators of critical slowing down along a spatial gradient in a savanna ecosystem
Authors: Eby Stephanie , Agrawal Amit , Majumder Sabiha , Dobson Andrew P. , Guttal Vishwesha 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAimTheory suggests that as ecological systems approach regime shifts, they become increasingly slow in recovering from perturbations. This phenomenon, known as critical slowing down [CSD], leads to spatial and temporal signatures in ecological state variables, thus potentially offering early indicators of regime shifts. Indicators using temporal dynamics have been empirically validated in laboratory microcosms and other well‐mixed systems, but tests of spatial indicators of regime shifts at large spatial scales in the field are rare due to the relative absence of high‐resolution data and difficulties in experimental manipulations. Here, we test theoretical predictions of CSD‐based spatial indicators using large‐scale field data from the Serengeti–Mara grassland–woodland system.LocationSerengeti–Mara ecosystem, Tanzania and Kenya.Time periodYear 2000Major taxa studiedVegetationMethodWe used a space‐for‐time substitution method to empirically test the validity of CSD‐based spatial indicators, i.e., we computed indicators along a spatial [in lieu of temporal] gradient of ecological states. First we used a model of vegetation dynamics to determine if our space‐for‐time substitution method was appropriate. Then we tested for CSD‐based spatial indicators using high‐resolution spatial vegetation [30 m] and rainfall [2.5 km] data from the Serengeti–Mara ecosystem.ResultsOur model predicts that CSD‐based indicators increase along a spatial gradient of alternative vegetation states. Empirical analyses suggest that grasslands and woodlands occur as alternative stable states in the Serengeti–Mara ecosystem with rainfall as one of the potential drivers of transitions between these states. We found that four indices of CSD showed the theoretically expected increasing trends along spatial gradients of grasslands to woodlands: spatial variance, spatial skewness, spatial correlation at lag‐1 and spatial spectra at low frequencies.Main conclusionsOur results suggest that CSD‐based spatial indicators can offer early warning signals of critical transitions in large‐scale ecosystems.
Women's perspectives on human papillomavirus self‐sampling in the context of the UK cervical screening programme
Authors: Williams Denitza , Davies Myfanwy , Fiander Alison , Farewell Daniel , Hillier Sharon , Brain Kate 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundTesting for human papillomavirus (HPV) is being incorporated into the cervical screening programme, with the probable future introduction of HPV as a primary test and a possibility of HPV self‐sampling. In anticipation of this development, we sought to inform future policy and practice by identifying potential barriers to HPV self‐sampling.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey of 194 women aged 20‐64 years was conducted. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify determinants of self‐sampling intentions. A purposive subsample of 19 women who reported low self‐sampling intentions were interviewed. Interviews were framework‐analysed.ResultsMost survey participants (N=133, 69.3%) intended to HPV self‐sample. Lower intention was associated with lower self‐efficacy (OR=24.96, P≤.001), lower education (OR=6.06, P≤.05) and lower perceived importance of HPV as a cause of cervical cancer (OR=2.33, P≤.05). Interviews revealed personal and system‐related barriers. Personal barriers included a lack of knowledge about HPV self‐sampling, women's low confidence in their ability to self‐sample correctly and low confidence in the subsequent results. System‐related factors included a lack of confidence in the rationale for modifying the current cervical screening programme, and concerns about sample contamination and identity theft.ConclusionsInsights gained from this research can be used to guide further enquiry into the possibility of HPV self‐sampling and to help inform future policy and practice. Personal and system‐related barriers including low confidence in the reasons for changing current cervical screening provision need to be addressed, should HPV self‐sampling be incorporated into the cervical screening programme.
Immigration policies, labor complementarities, population size and cultural frictions: Theory and evidence
Authors: Osang Thomas , Weber Shlomo 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn this paper we consider a model of international migration due to Fujita and Weber, with two heterogeneous countries, and show that in equilibrium the larger country attracts more immigrants, while choosing a lower quota. Moreover, a higher degree of labor complementarity and lower degree of cultural friction between natives and immigrants yield a higher immigration quota. We test the empirical validity of the model by using time‐series country‐level data. Even in the absence of direct evidence of strategic and non‐cooperative choice of countries’ immigration quotas, both cross‐section and panel data approaches indicate that cross‐country immigration patterns are consistent with the majority of our theoretical findings.
Agglomeration patterns in a long narrow economy of a new economic geography model: Analogy to a racetrack economy
Authors: Ikeda Kiyohiro , Murota Kazuo , Akamatsu Takashi , Takayama Yuki 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe mechanism of self‐organization of agglomerations in a long narrow economy of a new economic geography model is elucidated by a theoretical comparative study with a racetrack economy. Computational bifurcation theory is used to systematically obtain the equilibria of these economies. A chain of spatially repeated core–periphery patterns à la Christaller and Lösch emerges when agglomeration forces are large. Peripheral zones are enlarged recurrently to engender an agglomeration shadow en route to an atomic mono‐center. A megalopolis with two core places connected by an industrial belt emerges when agglomeration forces are small.