bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Secukinumab treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in routine clinical care: real‐life data of prior and concomitant use of psoriasis treatments from the PROSPECT study
Authors: Körber A. , Thaçi D. , von Kiedrowski R. , Bachhuber T. , Melzer N. , Kasparek T. , Kraehn‐Senftleben G. , Amon U. , Augustin M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundSecukinumab, a fully human anti‐interleukin‐17A monoclonal antibody, has demonstrated efficacy and safety in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. However, as per study protocols, transition periods from prior psoriasis treatments of a defined minimal length were required and use of concomitant psoriasis medication was prohibited. There is therefore a lack of data on the effect of shorter transition periods and concomitant psoriasis treatment with other pharmacologically active substances on the effectiveness and safety of secukinumab in routine clinical practice.ObjectivesThe PROSPECT study was designed to assess prior and concomitant use of psoriasis treatments in subjects receiving secukinumab and the duration of transition periods from prior treatments to secukinumab. Here, we report the baseline characteristics and the duration of transition period in an interim analysis of the first 805 subjects.MethodsPROSPECT is an ongoing 24‐week, single‐cohort, non‐interventional study. Subjects with moderate to severe psoriasis with a decision to receive secukinumab were included.ResultsThe majority of subjects were male (491/796, 61.7%), with a mean age of 47.7 years (SD 13.7). The baseline Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) was available for 92.4% (744/805) of subjects, and mean baseline PASI was 17.5 (SD 13.1); 93.4% (752/805) of subjects had signs of high disease severity. Use of concomitant treatment increased with the number of signs. Within the last 12 months prior to inclusion, 10%, 40%, and 28% of subjects had received topical, conventional systemic, or biologic treatments as their last prior psoriasis therapy, respectively, and 22% of subjects had not received any psoriasis therapy. Discontinuation of prior treatment due to adverse events was high in subjects with conventional systemic treatment (93/413, 22.5%) compared to biologic treatment (5/210, 2.4%). The median duration of the transition period was 14.0, 30.5, and 38.0 days for prior topical, conventional systemic, and biologic treatments, respectively.ConclusionPROSPECT is the first study to investigate prior and concomitant use of psoriasis treatments in subjects receiving secukinumab in a real‐world setting. The majority of the subjects had a high disease burden and use of concomitant treatment increased with disease severity. The duration of the transition period depended on prior treatment.
Multiple switches between GP2015, an etanercept biosimilar, with originator product do not impact efficacy, safety and immunogenicity in patients with chronic plaque‐type psoriasis: 30‐week results from the phase 3, confirmatory EGALITY study
Authors: Gerdes S. , Thaçi D. , Griffiths C.E.M. , Arenberger P. , Poetzl J. , Wuerth G. , Afonso M. , Woehling H. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundEGALITY was a phase III confirmatory efficacy and safety study conducted in patients with plaque‐type psoriasis as a part of totality of evidence gathered during the development of GP2015, an etanercept biosimilar.ObjectiveTo demonstrate equivalent efficacy and comparable safety and immunogenicity of GP2015 and the etanercept originator product (ETN, Enbrel®) and evaluate effects of repeated switching between GP2015 and ETN. Results for efficacy, safety and immunogenicity during treatment period (TP) 2 (TP2) are presented pooling the two continued treatment arms (pooled continued) versus the two treatment arms with repeated switches (pooled switched).MethodsPatients (n = 531) were randomized 1:1 to self‐administer GP2015 or ETN twice‐weekly subcutaneously during TP1. Patients with a ≥50% improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI 50) at week 12 were re‐randomized for TP2 to continue the same treatment at once‐weekly dosing or to undergo three consecutive treatment switches between GP2015 and ETN until week 30. Patients continued the last‐assigned treatment during TP2, until week 52.ResultsMean (standard deviation [SD]) PASI scores at baseline were similar in patients who underwent multiple switches compared to those with continued treatments during TP2. During TP2, PASI 50, PASI 75 and PASI 90 response rates, percent change from baseline in PASI scores and all other efficacy parameters were similar between the pooled switched and pooled continued treatment groups at all time points. The incidence of treatment‐emergent adverse events including injection site reactions was comparable between the pooled switched (36.7%) and pooled continued (34.9%) groups. None of the patients in either treatment group were positive for binding anti‐drug antibodies in TP2.ConclusionTreatment efficacy, safety and immunogenicity were similar between the pooled continued and pooled switched treatments during TP2, indicating that there are no effects in the short term on clinical data of multiple switches between GP2015 and ETN.
Risk of uncommon cancers in patients with psoriasis: a Danish nationwide cohort study
Authors: Jensen P. , Egeberg A. , Gislason G. , Thyssen J.P. , Skov L. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundCancer‐associated mortality is increased in psoriasis. However, little is known about the risk of less common cancers.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the risk of less common cancers in patients with psoriasis compared to persons without psoriasis using a nationwide cohort study.MethodsBetween 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2012, we identified all Danish patients with a first‐time hospital diagnosis of a less common cancer defined as <100 new cases/year/100.000 persons in Denmark. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of a diagnosis of cancer.ResultsWe included 4 361 869 individuals. Of these, 58 138 were classified as having psoriasis. After adjusting for age, sex, socio‐economic status and healthcare consumption, we found significantly elevated hazard ratios for cancers of bone and cartilage (HR 4.97 [2.32–10.62], P < 0.0001) in patients with psoriasis on systemic treatment.ConclusionWe provide further evidence of an increased cancer of bone and cartilage risk in patients with psoriasis.
Price and quality competition with quality positions
Authors: Kurokawa Shogo , Matsubayashi Nobuo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this study, we investigate price and quality decisions in a duopoly in the presence of firms’ quality positions , which are determined by the quality levels of their existing core products. Into a standard model of vertical differentiation, we incorporate a “repositioning cost” that is proportional to the quality differences between firms’ current and new products. By varying the levels of quality positions, we analyze the impact of this cost on the equilibrium outcomes. Our results show that the presence of repositioning costs restricts firms’ abilities to improve profitability and differentiate themselves vertically. As a result, a high‐positioned firm does not necessarily have a competitive advantage over a low‐positioned firm, even if the former offers a superior new product in equilibrium. In addition, if a low‐positioned firm is significantly cost‐efficient compared with its rival with regard to repositioning, then that firm can earn higher profits than those of a high‐positioned firm by strategically offering its low‐end product. These results contrast sharply with those based on the standard vertical differentiation model.
Color of bulk‐fill composite resin restorative materials
Authors: Barutcigil Çağatay , Barutcigil Kubilay , Özarslan Mehmet Mustafa , Dündar Ayşe , Yilmaz Burak 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the color stability of novel bulk‐fill composite resins.Materials and MethodsColor measurements of a nanohybrid composite resin (Z550) and 3 bulk‐fill composite resins (BLK, AFX, XTF; n = 45) were performed before polymerization. After polymerization, color measurements were repeated and specimens were immersed in distilled water or red wine, or coffee. Color change [CIEDE2000 (ΔE00)] was calculated after 24 h, 1 and 3 weeks. Data were analyzed with Kruskal‐Wallis, Mann‐Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests (α = 0.05).ResultsColor changes observed after polymerization were significant for all groups. Color changes observed in distilled water for Z550 and AFX were significant. Color changes after stored in red wine and coffee were significant for all groups. Bulk‐fill composite resin color change increased over time for all groups in red wine and coffee (P < .05).ConclusionPolymerization significantly changed the color of nanohybrid composite resin and bulk‐fill composite resins. AFX had the highest color change in distilled water. The color of tested bulk‐fill composite resins significantly changed after immersion in beverages and over time. Color change observed with the nanohybrid composite resin after 1 week was stable.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEClinicians should keep in mind that tested composite resins may change color when exposed to water and significantly change color immediately after they are polymerized. In addition, the color change continues over time should the patient is a coffee and/or red wine consumer.
CAD/CAM ceramic fragments in anterior teeth: A clinical report
Authors: Sinhori Bruna S. , Monteiro Sylvio , Bernardon Jussara K. , Baratieri Luiz N. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe treatment of fractured teeth has become a great opportunity to investigate new approaches in the field of restorative dentistry. Restoring teeth with ceramic fragments is a great challenge, however, the computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology allows the fabrication of both laminate veneers and ceramic fragments.Materials and MethodsThus, the aim of this article was to report a clinical case where anterior teeth, fractured due to a sport practice, were restored with CAD/CAM ceramic fragments.ConclusionsIt was observed that with this kind of restoration optimum esthetic results might be achieved when treating anterior fractured teeth.Clinical significanceCeramic fragments using CAD/CAM systems are a viable clinical alternative to composites for the reconstruction of fractured teeth. Function and esthetics can be restored with the use of this treatment quickly and efficiently.
The effect of chitosan‐essential oils complex coating on physicochemical, microbiological, and quality change of grass carp (Ctenopharyhgodon idella) fillets
Authors: Cai Luyun , Leng Liping , Cao Ailing , Cheng Xuanru , Li Jianrong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe effects of chitosan coating enriched with lemon and thyme essential oils on the physicochemical, microbiological, and quality changes of grass carp fillets during 2 °C storage were determined during 16 days of storage. The pH, total volatile basic nitrogen, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, color, texture, sensory quality, total viable count, psychrotrophic bacteria, pseudomonads, Shewanella putrefaciens, Enterobacteriaceae, and lactic acid bacteria counts were analyzed. The results indicated that chitosan coating (1.5%) incorporated with lemon or thyme essential oils (0.5%) maintained higher hardness and retarded the oxidation of lipid and protein. The most effective treatment was chitosan coating (1.5%) enriched with lemon and thyme essential oils (0.25 and 0.25%) together, which maintained the color and texture properties, and reduced the microorganisms counts. The results suggested that the synergized use of lemon and thyme essential oils increased the efficiency of chitosan coating, maintained fish fillets quality and extended its shelf life to 16 days.Practical applicationsThe commercial value of fresh fish fillets is lost in a few days. Many methods have been used to inhibit the spoilage caused by microorganisms, retard the degradation of protein, and extend the shelf life of fish fillets. As an alternative to chemical and synthetic preservatives, many studies are currently focused on using natural products to improve the quality of fish products. This study reports that chitosan coating incorporated with lemon and thyme essential oils together is a promising edible coating for use in commercial applications for prolonging the shelf life of fish fillets.
Searching for a definition for pharmacologically refractory constipation: A systematic review
Authors: Soh Alex Yu Sen , Kang Jin‐Yong , Siah Kewin Tien Ho , Scarpignato Carmelo , Gwee Kok‐Ann 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackground and AimSurgery and other non‐pharmacological treatments such as sacral nerve stimulation are used for the treatment of difficult‐to‐treat chronic constipation. Novel pharmacological therapeutic agents are also being introduced. To evaluate the efficacy of these treatments, it is imperative to have a consistent definition of pharmacologically refractory constipation. A systematic review of studies on refractory, difficult‐to‐treat or surgically treated constipation was carried out to determine the criteria that various authors used to define this group of patients.MethodsA systematic review was performed for literature published from June 2005 to June 2015 using PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases, as well as manual searches. Studies on patients with refractory or intractable constipation were extracted. Criteria used for defining refractory constipation, as well as pharmacological agents tried including dosage, frequency, and duration, were reviewed.ResultsSixty‐one studies were included in this review. Forty‐eight involved surgical treatment of constipation, while 13 examined non‐surgical therapies for refractory constipation. There is no generally accepted definition of refractory constipation. Authors consider constipation to be refractory when response to management is suboptimal, but there is no consensus on the choice of drug, order of usage, and dosage or treatment duration. Prior medical therapy was not mentioned at all in five studies.ConclusionsThere is need for a detailed definition of pharmacologically refractory constipation before submitting patients to invasive treatments and to evaluate new pharmacological agents.
Phosphodiesterase III inhibitor attenuates rat sinusoidal obstruction syndrome through inhibition of platelet aggregation in Disse's space
Authors: Miyata Takashi , Tajima Hidehiro , Hirata Miki , Nakanuma Shin‐ichi , Makino Isamu , Hayashi Hironori , Oyama Katsunobu , Miyashita Tomoharu , Takamura Hiroyuki , Ninomiya Itasu , Fushida Sachio , Iseki Shoichi , Harada Shin‐ichi , Wakayama Tomohiko , Ohta Tetsuo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackground and AimSinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is a serious drug‐induced liver injury. However, the pathophysiology of the disease remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of cilostazol (CZ), a phosphodiesterase III inhibitor, in a monocrotaline (MCT)‐induced rat model of SOS.MethodsMale Wistar rats were administrated MCT to induce SOS. Rats were divided into control, MCT, and MCT + CZ groups. In the MCT + CZ group, CZ was administered at 48 h, 24 h, and 30 min prior to and 8 h and 24 h after MCT administration. The MCT group was treated with water instead of CZ. At 48 h after MCT administration, blood and liver samples were collected to assess biochemistry and liver histology. Expression of rat endothelial cell antigen, CD34, CD41, P‐selectin, and caspase‐3 in the liver were analyzed. Plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) in hepatocytes was analyzed using western blotting and polymerase chain reaction.ResultsIn the MCT group, macroscopic findings showed a dark‐red liver surface. Histological findings showed sinusoidal dilatation, coagulative necrosis of hepatocytes, and endothelial damage of the central vein. These changes were attenuated in the MCT + CZ group. Elevated serum transaminase and decreased platelet counts were observed in the MCT + CZ group compared with those in the MCT group. Treatment with CZ reduced MCT‐induced damage to the liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, inhibited extravasated platelet aggregation, and suppressed hepatocyte apoptosis around the central vein. CZ attenuated hepatic PAI‐1 protein and mRNA levels.ConclusionsCilostazol attenuated MCT‐induced SOS by preventing damage to liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and extravasated platelet aggregation. Hepatic PAI‐1 levels were suppressed with CZ treatment.
Elder‐Friendly Emergency Department: Development and Validation of a Quality Assessment Tool
Authors: McCusker Jane , Minh Vu T. T. , Veillette Nathalie , Cossette Sylvie , Vadeboncoeur Alain , Ciampi Antonio , Cetin‐Sahin Deniz , Belzile Eric 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesTo develop and validate a comprehensive quality assessment tool for emergency department (ED) geriatric care.DesignFour‐step study: (1) Content development of tool by a multidisciplinary panel, (2) survey of ED lead physicians and nurses, (3) development of subscales using principal component analysis and clinical judgment, (4) reliability and validity assessment.SettingProvince of Quebec, Canada.ParticipantsLead ED nurses and physicians at 76 Quebec EDs who participated in a 2013/14 survey (66% of 116 adult nonpsychiatric EDs in the province).MeasurementsGeriatric care items (n = 62) grouped into seven preliminary content areas (screening and assessment, clinical protocols, discharge planning, staffing, physical environment, continuing education, quality assessment), lead nurse and physician perceptions of the quality of ED geriatric care, institutional prioritization of geriatric care, and ED type.ResultsThirteen subscales were developed; most were associated with ED type and quality indicators.ConclusionThirteen subscales for geriatric ED services are proposed for evaluation in various ED settings.
Quantitative imaging of Candida utilis and its organelles by soft X‐ray Nano‐CT
Authors: LIU J. , LI F. , CHEN L. , GUAN Y. , TIAN L. , XIONG Y. , LIU G. , TIAN Y. 
Published: September 2017

SummarySoft X‐ray microscopy has excellent characteristics for imaging cells and subcellular structures. In this paper, the yeast strain, Candida utilis, was imaged by soft X‐ray microscopy and three‐dimensional volumes were reconstructed with the SART‐TV method. We performed segmentation on the reconstruction in three dimensions and identified several types of subcellular architecture within the specimen cells based on their linear absorption coefficient (LAC) values. Organelles can be identified by the correlation between the soft X‐ray LAC values and the subcellular architectures. Quantitative analyses of the volume ratio of organelles to whole cell in different phases were also carried out according to the three‐dimensional datasets. With such excellent features, soft X‐ray imaging has a great influence in the field of biological cellular and subcellular research.
Structural characterization of SnS crystals formed by chemical vapour deposition
Authors: NALIN MEHTA A. , ZHANG H. , DABRAL A. , RICHARD O. , FAVIA P. , BENDER H. , DELABIE A. , CAYMAX M. , HOUSSA M. , POURTOIS G. , VANDERVORST W. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryThe crystal and defect structure of SnS crystals grown using chemical vapour deposition for application in electronic devices are investigated. The structural analysis shows the presence of two distinct crystal morphologies, that is thin flakes with lateral sizes up to 50 m and nanometer scale thickness, and much thicker but smaller crystallites. Both show similar Raman response associated with SnS. The structural analysis with transmission electron microscopy shows that the flakes are single crystals of α‐SnS with [010] normal to the substrate. Parallel with the surface of the flakes, lamellae with varying thickness of a new SnS phase are observed. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), first‐principles simulations (DFT) and nanobeam diffraction (NBD) techniques are employed to characterise this phase in detail. DFT results suggest that the phase is a strain stabilised β’ one grown epitaxially on the α‐SnS crystals. TEM analysis shows that the crystallites are also α‐SnS with generally the [010] direction orthogonal to the substrate. Contrary to the flakes the crystallites consist of two to four grains which are tilted up to 15° relative to the substrate. The various grain boundary structures and twin relations are discussed. Under high‐dose electron irradiation, the SnS structure is reduced and β‐Sn formed. It is shown that this damage only occurs for SnS in direct contact with SiO2.
Screening the expression characteristics of several miRNAs in G93A‐SOD1 transgenic mouse: altered expression of miRNA‐124 is associated with astrocyte differentiation by targeting Sox2 and Sox9
Authors: Zhou Fenghua , Zhang Caixia , Guan Yingjun , Chen Yanchun , Lu Qiang , Jie Linlin , Gao Hailing , Du Hongmei , Zhang Haoyun , Liu Yongxin , Wang Xin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are suspected to be a contributing factor in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, we assess the altered expression of miRNAs and the effects of miR‐124 in astrocytic differentiation in neural stem cells of ALS transgenic mice. Differentially expressed miRNA‐positive cells (including miR‐124, miR‐181a, miR‐22, miR‐26b, miR‐34a, miR‐146a, miR‐219, miR‐21, miR‐200a, and miR‐320) were detected by in situ hybridization and qRT‐PCR in the spinal cord and the brainstem. Our results demonstrated that miR‐124 was down‐regulated in the spinal cord and brainstem. In vitro, miR‐124 was down‐regulated in neural stem cells and up‐regulated in differentiated neural stem cells in G93A‐superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) mice compared with WT mice by qRT‐PCR. Meanwhile, Sox2 and Sox9 protein levels showed converse change with miR‐124 in vivo and vitro. After over‐expression or knockdown of miR‐124 in motor neuron‐like hybrid (NSC34) cells of mouse, Sox2 and Sox9 proteins were noticeably down‐regulated or up‐regulated, whereas Sox2 and Sox9 mRNAs remained virtually unchanged. Moreover, immunofluorescence results indicated that the number of double‐positive cells of Sox2/glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and Sox9/glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was higher in G93A‐SOD1 mice compared with WT mice. We also found that many Sox2‐ and Sox9‐positive cells were nestin positive in G93A‐SOD1 mice, but not in WT mice. Furthermore, differentiated neural stem cells from G93A‐SOD1 mice generated a greater proportion of astrocytes and lower proportion of neurons than those from WT mice. MiR‐124 may play an important role in astrocytic differentiation by targeting Sox2 and Sox9 in ALS transgenic mice.
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Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14171.