bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacist-Led Model to Reduce Hospital Readmissions in Medically Complex Children
Authors: DaCosta Alison M. , Sweet Courtney B. , Garavaglia Lisa R. , Casey Francis L. , Lancaster Jeffrey D. 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVES: This pilot study investigated the feasibility and effect on health care utilization of medically complex children participating in a pharmacist-led model for care coordination. Quality of life and satisfaction with care were secondarily assessed for each patient.METHODS: Four medically complex children were enrolled and contacted by the pharmacist weekly for 5 consecutive months. Time for each encounter with a patient was collected. Each patient's hospital admissions, days of stay, emergency department visits, and clinic visits were recorded. At enrollment and at the end of the study, each caregiver completed the PedsQL 4.0 questionnaire to evaluate the child's quality of life and the Patient Assessment of Care for Chronic Conditions questionnaire to assess satisfaction with care. Patients aged 5 years and older completed an age-appropriate version of the PedsQL 4.0 as well.RESULTS: The pharmacist spent on average 60 to 80 minutes per patient per week. Hospital admissions and days of stay decreased for 3 patients and increased for 1 patient during this study. Quality of life increased for 2 patients and decreased for 2 patients and satisfaction with care increased for all 4 caregivers.CONCLUSIONS: This model was feasible for a pharmacist to coordinate and required frequent physician involvement. Health care utilization varied between patients, but overall decreased for the 4 patients pooled. Changes in quality of life varied and may be attributed to using a survey that was not specific to medically complex children. Overall, caregivers were highly satisfied with this service and the health care their child received.
The Efficacy and Safety of Tetrachlorodecaoxide in Comparison with Super-oxidised Solution in Wound Healing
Authors: Parikh Romil , Bakhshi Girish , Naik Madhushree , Gaikwad Bhargav , Jadhav Kavita , Tayade Mukund 
Published: September 2016

Background Some of the relatively newer, more efficacious, and potent topical wound dressing solutions include tetrachlorodecaoxide and super-oxidised solution. This study compares the efficacy and safety of these two drugs.
Methods This is a block-randomised, double blind, parallel-arm, post-marketing study. One hundred fifty patients with ulcers (75 blocks uniform for sex, ulcer aetiology, diabetes mellitus, and wound area score) were randomised into the two treatment arms. Patients were observed for eight weeks with weekly assessments. One hundred and twenty patients completed the study. Wound healing was objectively assessed by measurement of wound area, scoring of wound exudation and tissue type, and using the pressure ulcer scale of healing Tool (validated for multiple wound aetiologies). Subjective improvement in pain was noted using a visual analogue scale. Both groups were compared using Mann–Whitney U test on all indicators.
Results Difference in change in wound tissue type in the two groups was significant (α=0.05) by intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analysis at the end of week two (ITT and PP, P<0.001) and week four (ITT, P=0.010; PP, P=0.009). P-values for other comparisons were not significant (P>0.05). No study-related adverse events were observed.
Conclusions Both drugs are efficacious. Tetrachlorodecaoxide yields healthy granulation tissue earlier. Both drugs appear to be safe for application.
Reconstruction of Large Defects in the Perineal Area Using Multiple Perforator Flaps
Authors: Sung Ki Wook , Lee Won Jai , Yun In Sik , Lee Dong Won 
Published: September 2016

Background Perineal defects are commonly encountered during the treatment of conditions such as malignancy, infectious disease, and trauma. Covering large defects in the perineal area is challenging due to its complicated anatomy and the need for functional preservation.
Methods Fourteen patients who underwent reconstructive surgery with multiple perforator flaps for defects >100 cm2 in the perineal area were included in this retrospective cohort study. Characteristics of the perforator flap operation and postoperative outcomes were reviewed.
Results Reconstruction was performed using 2 perforator flaps for 13 patients and 3 perforator flaps for 1 patient. Internal pudendal artery perforator flaps were mainly used for covering the defects. The average defect size was 176.3±61.8 cm2 and the average size of each flap was 95.7±31.9 cm2. Six patients had minor complications, such as wound dehiscence and partial necrosis of the flap margin, which were corrected with simple revision procedures.
Conclusions Multiple perforator flaps can be used to achieve successful reconstructions of large perineal defects that are difficult to reconstruct with other coverage methods.
Ce cuisinomane, il est fou, dis !? – Opinions sur un néologisme et anticipation de son implantation dans l’usage
Authors: Saint Elizabeth C. 
Published: September 2016

L’innovation et les nouvelles tendances que connait le milieu culinaire donnent naissance à de nouveaux concepts, comme c’est le cas de foodie, en anglais. Au Québec, où la Charte de la langue française a fait du français la seule langue officielle de la province, l’Office québécois de la langue française a récemment proposé « cuisinomane » pour remplacer ce terme étranger. La présente étude, qui contribue à une meilleure compréhension des facteurs qui favorisent ou non l’implantation des termes dans l’usage linguistique, relève sur Twitter les opinions initiales des utilisateurs du réseau social au sujet du terme « cuisinomane ». Les résultats révèlent que les discours sur les termes auraient lieu sur une courte période après leur publication et comportent des indices qui éclairent sur les raisons de leur acceptation ou de leur rejet. En outre, les sentiments négatifs envers « cuisinomane » l’emportent sur les positifs, mais les raisons de ces sentiments diffèrent selon la langue dans laquelle les locuteurs s’expriment. Finalement, les sentiments positifs sont généralement associés à un désir de voir foodie remplacé par un autre terme.
Wavelength extension beyond 1.5 µm in symmetric InAs quantum dots grown on InP(111)A using droplet epitaxy
Authors: Ha Neul , Mano Takaaki , Wu Yu-Nien , Ou Ya-Wen , Cheng Shun-Jen , Sakuma Yoshiki , Sakoda Kazuaki , Kuroda Takashi 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
By using a C
3v
symmetric (111) surface as a growth substrate, we can achieve high structural symmetry in self-assembled quantum dots, which are suitable for use as quantum-entangled-photon emitters. Here, we report on the wavelength controllability of InAs dots on InP(111)A, which we realized by tuning the ternary alloy composition of In(Al,Ga)As barriers that were lattice-matched to InP. We changed the peak emission wavelength systematically from 1.3 to 1.7 µm by barrier band gap tuning. The observed spectral shift agreed with the result of numerical simulations that assumed a measured shape distribution independent of the barrier choice.
Reproductive ecology and isolation ofPsittacanthus calyculatusandP. auriculatusmistletoes (Loranthaceae)
Authors: Díaz Infante Sergio , Lara Carlos , Arizmendi María del Coro , Eguiarte Luis E. , Ornelas Juan Francisco 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundRelationships between floral biology and pollinator behavior are important to understanding species diversity of hemiparasiticPsittacanthusmistletoes (c. 120 species). We aimed to investigate trait divergence linked to pollinator attraction and reproductive isolation (RI) in two hummingbird-pollinated and bird-dispersedPsittacanthusspecies with range overlap.MethodsWe investigated the phylogenetic relationships, floral biology, pollinator assemblages, seed dispersers and host usage, and the breeding system and female reproductive success of two sympatric populations ofP. calyculatusandP. auriculatus, and one allopatric population ofP. calyculatus. Flowers in sympatry were also reciprocally pollinated to assess a post-mating component ofRI.ResultsHummingbird assemblages differed betweencalyculatuspopulations, while allopatric plants ofcalyculatusopened more but smaller flowers with longer lifespans and produced less nectar than those in sympatry. Bayesian-based phylogenetic analysis indicated monophyly forcalyculatuspopulations (i.e. both populations belong to the same species). In sympatry,calyculatusplants opened more and larger flowers with longer lifespans and produced same nectar volume than those ofauriculatus; populations shared pollinators but seed dispersers and host usage differed between species. Nectar standing crops differed between sympatric populations, with lower visitation incalyculatus. Hand pollination experiments indicated a predominant outcrossing breeding system, with fruit set after interspecific pollination two times higher fromcalyculatustoauriculatusthan in the opposite direction.ConclusionsGiven the low genetic differentiation betweencalyculatuspopulations, observed trait divergence could have resulted from changes regarding the local communities of pollinators and, therefore, expected divergence for peripheral, allopatric populations. UsingRIestimates, there were fewer heterospecific matings than expected by chance inP. calyculatus(RI4A= 0.629) as compared toP. auriculatus(RI4A= 0.20). When considering other factors of ecological isolation that affect co-occurrence, theRI4Cvalues indicate that isolation by hummingbird pollinators was less effective (0.20) than isolation by host tree species and seed dispersers (0.80 and 0.60, respectively), suggesting that host usage is the most important ecological isolation factor between the two species. Accordingly, the absolute and relative cumulative strength values indicated that the host tree species’ barrier is currently contributing the most to maintaining these species in sympatry.
Geodynamics of paleo‐Pacific plate subduction constrained by the source lithologies of Late Mesozoic basalts in southeastern China
Authors: Zeng Gang , He Zhen‐Yu , Li Zhen , Xu Xi‐Sheng , Chen Li‐Hui 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWidespread Late Mesozoic volcanic magmatism in southeastern China is generally thought to represent products in response to the subduction of paleo‐Pacific plate; however, it remains unclear when this process began to affect the mantle and the related magmatism. Here we present a systematic study on the source lithology of Late Mesozoic basalts in this area to highlight a link between lithological variations of mantle and subduction process of paleo‐Pacific plate. Late Mesozoic basalts can be subdivided into four groups based on their erupted ages: 178~172 Ma, approximately 150 Ma, 137~123 Ma, and 109~64 Ma. The primary source lithology of these rocks is pyroxenite rather than peridotite, and this mafic lithology can be formed by either ancient or young recycled crustal components. Notably, the source lithology of the approximately 150 Ma and 137~123 Ma basalts is primarily SiO2‐rich pyroxenite, and the former is carbonated. The discovery of carbonated, SiO2‐rich pyroxenite reflects the influence of a recently recycling event in the mantle. The subduction of paleo‐Pacific plate is the most appropriate candidate and can be responsible for the mantle‐derived magmatism after approximately 150 Ma in southeastern China. Therefore, we suggest a paleo‐Pacific slab rollback with increased dip angle as a possible model to control the lithological variations of Late Mesozoic mantle beneath southeastern China.
Facets of Arctic energy accumulation based on observations and reanalyses 2000–2015
Authors: Mayer Michael , Haimberger Leopold , Pietschnig Marianne , Storto Andrea 
Published: September 2016

AbstractVarious observation‐ and reanalysis‐based estimates of sea ice mass and ocean heat content trends imply that the energy imbalance of the Arctic climate system was similar [1.0 (0.9,1.2) Wm−2] to the global ocean average during the 2000–2015 period. Most of this extra heat warmed the ocean, and a comparatively small fraction went into sea ice melt. Poleward energy transports and radiation contributed to this energy increase at varying strengths. On a seasonal scale, stronger radiative energy input during summer associated with the ice‐albedo feedback enhances seasonal oceanic heat uptake and sea ice melt. In return, lower sea ice extent and higher sea surface temperatures lead to enhanced heat release from the ocean during fall. This weakens meridional temperature gradients, consequently reducing atmospheric energy transports into the polar cap. The seasonal cycle of the Arctic energy budget is thus amplified, whereas the Arctic's long‐term energy imbalance is close to the global mean.
On the origin of the dawn‐dusk asymmetry of toroidal Pc5 waves
Authors: Takahashi Kazue , Lee Dong‐Hun , Merkin Viacheslav G. , Lyon John G. , Hartinger Michael D. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObservations in space and on the ground have shown that azimuthally polarized (toroidal) magnetospheric Pc5 waves (frequency = 1.7–6.7 mHz) are more prominent on the dawnside than on the duskside, but the origin of this dawn‐dusk asymmetry is unknown. To determine the origin, we conducted a statistical analysis of toroidal Pc5 waves at the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) D spacecraft using ion bulk velocity measured during 2008–2014. We found that both the detection rate of narrowband Pc5 waves, which are attributed to fundamental toroidal‐mode standing Alfvén waves, and the amplitude of velocity oscillations in the fixed Pc5 band exhibit a dawn‐dusk asymmetry consistent with previous studies regardless of whether the interplanetary magnetic field is directed along the Parker spiral or orthogonal to it. These results imply that the asymmetry originates within the magnetosphere, not from a dawn‐dusk asymmetry of the Kelvin‐Helmholtz instability on the magnetopause. Based on theoretical studies published previously and a global magnetohydrodynamic simulation, we propose that the asymmetry originates from the local time dependence of the radial mass density variation and the associated gradient of the frequency of standing Alfvén waves. The THEMIS data indicate that in the L range 8–12 the average gradient is smaller in the dusk sector than in the dawn sector. This will result in weaker field line resonance (FLR), and thus weaker toroidal Pc5 waves, in the dusk sector. Density structures associated with drainage plumes may also suppress FLR in the dusk sector.
Sampling variability effects in drop‐resolving disdrometer observations
Authors: Larsen Michael L. , O'Dell Katelyn A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractRain events are often studied with raindrop disdrometers—instruments designed to measure and record individual drop properties. Data from these instruments reveal that the instantaneous raindrop arrival rate is highly variable, with drop counts in consecutive time intervals occasionally changing by an order of magnitude or more. These drop count fluctuations result from some unknown combination of real physical changes in the underlying rainfall in conjunction with statistical fluctuations due to instrumental imperfections, limited sampling area, and the correlated nature of drop arrivals. Here empirical observations are used to drive a simulation that explores the degree to which observed variability in bulk rainfall observations might be produced by statistical fluctuations. It is shown that meaningful conclusions about true underlying rain properties require more drops than previously thought. Revisions to the interpretation of disdrometer data are discussed.
Reengineered BI‐DIME Ligand Core Based on Computer Modeling to Increase Selectivity in Asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling for the Challenging Axially Chiral HIV Integrase Inhibitor
Authors: Haddad Nizar , Mangunuru Hari P. R. , Fandrick Keith R. , Qu Bo , Sieber Joshua D. , Rodriguez Sonia , Desrosiers Jean‐Nicolas , Patel Nitinchandra D. , Lee Heewon , Kurouski Dmitry , Grinberg Nelu , Yee Nathan K. , Song Jinhua J. , Senanayake Chris H. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThrough a computer‐guided approach, new series of monophosphine ligands were designed and developed for asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura couplings of challenging heterocyclic substrates. Computer modeling pointed to a tunable, yet unexplored quadrant in BI‐DIME, leading to the discovery of the 3′,5′‐dimethyl‐substituted ligand which improved the atropisomeric selectivity of the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction from the previously reported 5:1 dr to 15:1 dr for the synthesis of a challenging HIV integrase intermediate, and up to 24:1 dr with various other quinoline substrates.magnified image
Sequential N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Reactions of Enals and Cyclic Aryldiene‐1,3‐Diones: Synthesis of Tricyclic Chromenones and Related Compounds
Authors: Krishnan Jagadeesh , Mathew Sneha , Jayaprakash P. Anjana , Sasidhar B. S. , Mayadevi T. S. , Suresh E. , Nair Vijay 
Published: September 2016

AbstractN‐Heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐catalyzed synthesis of highly functionalized pyrano[3,2‐c]chromene‐2,5‐dione derivatives, pyrano[3,2‐c]quinoline‐2,5(6 H)‐dione derivatives, and pyrano[4,3‐b]pyran‐2,5‐dione derivatives with potential biological activities is reported. The reaction occurs through a Knoevenagel condensation and NHC‐catalyzed enolate addition in one pot.
Perikymata distribution on anterior teeth of Miocene Lufengpithecus lufengensis from Yunnan, Southern China
Authors: Wang Cuibin , Zhao Lingxia 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObjectivesThe present study investigated the distribution of perikymata on anterior teeth of Miocene Lufengpithecus lufengensis so as to broaden the comparative data of developmental variation within and among hominoids. We also compared perikymata‐spacing pattern of Lufengpithecus lufengensis with hominins and extant African great apes to understand the implication of dental development.Materials and methodsA total of 30 anterior teeth (including 6 I1, 10 I2, and 14 C) of Lufengpithecus lufengensis were examined using a scanning electron microscope and Keyence VHX‐600EOS digital microscope to document the number and distribution of perikymata on their labial surfaces. The labial crown height of each tooth was divided into 10 equal deciles and the total perikymata number in each decile was recorded. The mean number of perikymata per millimeter was then calculated for each decile. SPSS statistical software was used to perform analyses of these data, including t‐tests for sexual dimorphism and plots showing the perikymata distribution in Lufengpithecus lufengensis.ResultsPerikymata counts of Lufengpithecus lufengensis in the first three deciles are fewer than the remaining deciles, and with perikymata becoming increasingly more closely packed as growth progresses from cusp to cervix, but decrease in density in the cervical decile. Besides, total labial perikymata counts of canines tend to display very significant sexual dimorphism.DiscussionLufengpithecus lufengensis anterior teeth are more similar in their distribution of labial perikymata to those of Australopithecus than those of other hominins and extant African great apes from previous studies.
Role of the type I tumor necrosis factor receptor in inflammation‐associated olfactory dysfunction
Authors: Sousa Garcia Davi , Chen Mengfei , Smith Amy K. , Lazarini Paulo Roberto , Lane Andrew P. 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundTo understand mechanisms of human olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis, an inducible olfactory inflammation (IOI) model has been utilized to chronically express inflammatory cytokines locally, resulting in neuronal loss, diminished odorant responses, and repressed olfactory regeneration. Knockout of the minor tumor necrosis factor α receptor 2 (TNFR2) was previously shown to partially rescue these olfactory changes. The purpose of current study was to investigate the role of the major TNF receptor, TNFR1, in chronic olfactory inflammation.MethodsTwo experimental groups of mice were studied: TNFR1 knockout in IOI background and TNFR1 knockout with allergen‐induced inflammation. Olfactory function was assayed by electro‐olfactogram (EOG), and olfactory tissue was processed for histology and immunohistochemical staining.ResultsTNF‐α was dramatically induced in IOI‐TNFR1 knockout mice, but the olfactory epithelium did not show inflammation. EOG responses were normal after either 2 or 8 weeks of TNF‐α expression. Ovalbumin‐sensitized TNFR1 knockout mice developed markedly diminished eosinophilic inflammatory infiltration.ConclusionGenetic deletion of TNFR1 completely blocks TNF‐α–induced inflammation and reduces allergen‐induced inflammation. Preserved EOG responses suggest a TNFR1‐dependent mechanism of TNF‐α–induced olfactory neuron dysfunction.
Sleep quality outcomes after medical and surgical management of chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Alt Jeremiah A. , Ramakrishnan Vijay R. , Platt Michael P. , Kohli Preeti , Storck Kristina A. , Schlosser Rodney J. , Soler Zachary M. 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundEndoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) has been shown to improve sleep in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However, it is unknown how this improvement compares with non‐CRS control subjects’ sleep, and medically treated CRS patients.MethodsPatients meeting diagnostic criteria for CRS and controls from the same reference population were recruited from 4 academic centers. Patients chose either medical or surgical treatment. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was administered to patients before treatment and after 6 months, whereas controls received the PSQI at enrollment.ResultsThe study population consisted of 187 cases (64 medical and 123 surgical) and 101 controls. Baseline PSQI scores for CRS patients (9.27 ± 4.76) were worse than for controls (5.78 ± 3.25), even after controlling for potential confounding factors such as asthma and allergy (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in baseline PSQI between patients choosing medical vs surgical treatment. The PSQI score in surgical patients improved from 8.36 ± 5.05 to 7.44 ± 5.09 (p = 0.020). The PSQI score in medical patients demonstrated a nonsignificant increase with treatment from 8.71 ± 4.48 to 9.06 ± 4.80 (p = 0.640). After controlling for allergy and asthma, 6‐month PSQI scores in medical patients remained significantly higher than in controls (p = 0.001), whereas a significant difference could not be demonstrated between surgical patients and controls (p > 0.05). PSQI subdomain analysis mirrored the overall findings.ConclusionPatients with CRS report worse sleep compared with controls. Surgically treated CRS patients show significant improvement in PSQI scores, whereas those continuing with medical management fail to improve and remain worse than controls.
Controlling Proton Delivery through Catalyst Structural Dynamics
Authors: Cardenas Allan Jay P. , Ginovska Bojana , Kumar Neeraj , Hou Jianbo , Raugei Simone , Helm Monte L. , Appel Aaron M. , Bullock R. Morris , O'Hagan Molly 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe fastest synthetic molecular catalysts for H2 production and oxidation emulate components of the active site of hydrogenases. The critical role of controlled structural dynamics is recognized for many enzymes, including hydrogenases, but is largely neglected in designing synthetic catalysts. Our results demonstrate the impact of controlling structural dynamics on H2 production rates for [Ni(PPh2NC6H4R2)2]2+ catalysts (R=n‐hexyl, n‐decyl, n‐tetradecyl, n‐octadecyl, phenyl, or cyclohexyl). The turnover frequencies correlate inversely with the rates of chair–boat ring inversion of the ligand, since this dynamic process governs protonation at either catalytically productive or non‐productive sites. These results demonstrate that the dynamic processes involved in proton delivery can be controlled through modification of the outer coordination sphere, in a manner similar to the role of the protein architecture in many enzymes. As a design parameter, controlling structural dynamics can increase H2 production rates by three orders of magnitude with a minimal increase in overpotential.