bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the emerging trends of egg components‐based biodegradable food packaging development: A comprehensive review
Authors: Khalid Samran , Zahid Muqaddas , Chaudhary Kashmala , Naeem Muhammad , Mustafa Muzammil , Onyeaka Helen , Hafeez Azka , Amin Sara , Raana Sumbal 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFood packaging plays a crucial role in the food supply chain by aiding in food preservation and reducing food losses throughout the distribution process. The extensive, unregulated utilization, and waste mismanagement of food packaging materials made up of conventional petroleum‐based plastics has led to a significant environmental crisis. Egg components‐based food packaging has attracted considerable attention from the global packaging industry as a viable alternative to synthetic polymers due to its biodegradability, sustainability, and health‐related benefits. This comprehensive review explores the composition and properties of egg components (eggshell, eggshell membrane, egg white, and egg yolk), and recent advancements in biodegradable packaging films derived from them. Additionally, it introduces the characteristics of these films and their applications in food, highlighting their biodegradability, sustainability, and suitable mechanical, barrier, thermal, optical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties as substitutes for traditional synthetic polymers. The utilization of various egg components in the packaging industry is a safe, non‐toxic, cost‐effective, and economical approach. However, it was found that incorporating active compounds from natural sources into packaging films, as well as composite films composed of egg components combined with other biopolymers, resulted in superior properties, compared to single component films. Moreover, the application of novel technologies in film development has proven to be more effective than conventional methods. These innovative egg components‐based packaging films can be optimized and commercialized for use as packaging materials for food products.
From detection methods to risk prevention: Control of N‐nitrosamines in foods and the role of natural bioactive compounds
Authors: Zhu Jinpeng , Lu Yunhao , He Qiang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFood processing unavoidably introduces various risky ingredients that threaten food safety. N‐Nitrosamines (NAs) constitute a class of food contaminants, which are considered carcinogenic to humans. According to the compiled information, pretreatment methods based on solid‐phase extraction (SPE) were widely used before the determination of volatile NAs in foods. The innovation of adsorbents and hybridization of other methods have been confirmed as the future trends of SPE‐based pretreatment methods. Moreover, technologies based on liquid chromatography and gas chromatography were popularly applied for the detection of NAs. Recently, sensor‐based methods have garnered increasing attention due to their efficiency and flexibility. More portable sensor‐based technologies are recommended for on‐site monitoring of NAs in the future. The application of artificial intelligence can facilitate data processing during high‐throughput detection of NAs. Natural bioactive compounds have been confirmed to be effective in mitigating NAs in foods through antioxidation, scavenging precursors, and regulating microbial activities. Meanwhile, they exhibit strong protective activities against hepatic damage, pancreatic cancer, and other NA injuries. Further supplementation of data on the bioavailability of bioactives can be achieved through encapsulation and clinical trials. The utilization of bioinformatics tools rooted in various omics technologies is suggested for investigating novel mechanisms and finally broadening their applications in targeted therapies.
Gravity dam displacement monitoring using in situ strain and deep learning
Authors: Wu Xin , Zheng Dongjian , Chen Xingqiao , Liu Yongtao , Qiu Jianchun , Jiang Haifeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRecent studies in dam displacement monitoring primarily focus on single‐response monitoring or model updating using advanced techniques. Few studies involve the combination analysis of displacement with other synchronized responses utilizing their monitoring characteristics. In situ strain data provide a strength‐safety perspective for dam displacement monitoring. The challenge lies in that estimating displacement directly using limited discrete strain data may be misleading. This paper analyzes the relationship between displacement and global, and multipoint local strains from the perspective of the differences in load effects of gravity dams, and indicates that introducing appropriate state factors improves the estimation. A displacement estimation model driven by strain data and state factors is developed using stacked convolutional neural network, and the variable relationships within the model are interpretated via accumulated local effects. Incorporating specific strength criteria, a novel displacement monitoring indicator based on the tensile safety of the dam heel is proposed. A case study of a gravity dam showcases the effectiveness of the proposed approach in comparison with the solely strain‐based model and the traditional hydrostatic‐seasonal‐time factors‐based model.
Process evaluation of the initial implementation of the Moments that Matter parenting program in Kenya
Authors: Jeong Joshua , McCann Juliet K. , Bhojani Alina , Kim Yuri , Uyehara Malia , Maguet Zane , Ochuka Wilson , Ochieng Michael 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Moments that Matter® parenting program aims to promote nurturing care and healthy early childhood development (ECD) through monthly home visits and monthly community group meetings that are delivered by ECD promoters and coordinated with faith leaders in rural Western Kenya. We designed a process evaluation in August 2023 during the first quarter of program implementation. We conducted in‐depth interviews and focus group discussions with caregivers, ECD promoters, faith leaders, and program staff to capture their program experiences, assess program quality, and explore the implementation barriers and facilitators during this early stage of program roll‐out. Although ECD promoters delivered the program with fidelity, the roles and responsibilities of faith leaders were relatively weaker and inconsistent. Key facilitators of quality implementation included visual aids of key messages and supportive supervision. Barriers included a lack of clarity about faith leaders’ roles and relatively long group session duration. We highlight several key recommendations for improving fidelity, quality, and eventual program effects with respect to enhancing nurturing care and early child development. Overall, our study showcases how a process evaluation conducted during the early phase of program implementation can reveal practical insights that can be used to inform program adaptations and quality improvement.
Randomized Invitation to Systematic NT-proBNP and ECG Screening in 75-Year-Olds to Detect Atrial Fibrillation: STROKESTOP II
Authors: Kemp Gudmundsdottir Katrin , Svennberg Emma , Friberg Leif , Hygrell Tove , Frykman Viveka , Al-Khalili Faris , Hijazi Ziad , Rosenqvist Mårten , Engdahl Johan 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
Guidelines have suggested screening for atrial fibrillation to enable early treatment and avoid downstream negative clinical events. We aimed to determine whether atrial fibrillation screening potentially enhanced by NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) would reduce stroke or systemic embolism incidence compared with a control group and to determine whether it was safe for those with low NT-proBNP concentrations to forfeit prolonged screening.

METHODS:
In this randomized controlled trial, all 75- and 76-year-old individuals in Stockholm Region, Sweden, were randomized 1:1 to be invited to screening or serve as a control group. NT-proBNP concentrations were measured, and a single-lead ECG was registered only once if NT-proBNP <125 ng/L, whereas if NT-proBNP ≥125 ng/L, participants underwent prolonged screening, recording single-lead ECGs 4 times daily for 2 weeks. If atrial fibrillation was detected, treatment was initiated. Baseline and outcome data were collected from Swedish National Registries.

RESULTS:

In total, 28 712 individuals were randomized. After exclusion of death and emigration, 13 905 remained in the intervention group, 13 884 in the control group. The participation rate in the intervention group was 49.2% (6843 of 13 905). Participants in the high NT-proBNP group (NT-proBNP≥125 ng/L) without previous atrial fibrillation constituted 60% of the total and underwent prolonged screening. New atrial fibrillation was detected in 2.4% (165 of 6843) in the intervention group. There was no difference in atrial fibrillation prevalence or oral anticoagulant treatment between the intervention and the control group after 5 years of follow-up. After a median of 5.1 years (interquartile range, 5.0–5.8), there was no difference in the primary outcome of stroke or systemic embolism between the intervention group and the control group (hazard ratio, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.86–1.06]). The low NT-proBNP group had significantly fewer strokes or systemic emboli than the control group (hazard ratio, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.46–0.74];
P
<0.001). In the high NT-proBNP group, the risk of stroke or systemic embolism was higher compared with the low NT-proBNP group (hazard ratio, 1.57 [95% CI, 1.22–2.02];
P
=0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
In this population-based screening trial for atrial fibrillation using NT-proBNP for screening enhancement, there was no difference in risk of stroke or systemic embolism for the intervention group compared with controls. Participation was moderate. The use of NT-proBNP for screening enhancement was safe in identifying low-risk participants.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02743416.
Funding Liquidity and Risk-Taking Behavior of Banks in India
Authors: Muduli Silu , Dash Shridhar Kumar 
Published: September 2024

This study, utilizing bank-level data for India, investigates the relationship between funding liquidity and banks’ risk-taking behavior. The study uses two risk measures: risk-weighted assets (encompassing credit, market, and operational risk) and liquidity creation (encompassing intermediacy risk). Findings reveal that banks with higher funding liquidity exhibit higher risk-taking behavior. This risk-taking behavior is more pronounced during economic recuperation and expansionary monetary policy phases. Notably, during economic recuperation, banks display heightened intermediacy risk, contrasting with the absence of such evidence during expansionary monetary policy phases. Larger banks with higher deposit shares demonstrate lower risk-taking behavior. Additionally, banks with a return on equity (ROE) below the average ROE exhibit a proclivity for increased risk-taking. This study advocates for liquidity regulation as a crucial complement to bank capital regulation, offering empirical support for moderate risk-taking among highly liquid banks and fortify their balance sheets for a stable banking system in India. JEL Codes: E32, E52, G21, G28
Tax-avoidance Effect on Investment Inefficiency: An Examination of Agency Theory
Authors: Ajmal T. K. , Kumar Vinod , Balasubramanian G.  
Published: September 2024

Tax-avoidance activity in firms potentially increases investment inefficiency, arguably due to agency problems in firms. Further, this relationship shows country-wide variation. Using the data of 336 Indian firms from 2011 to 2021, this article examines the tax avoidance and investment efficiency relationship in the Indian context. It also provides empirical evidence for the agency argument on the tax avoidance-investment efficiency relationship. Estimates using the two-step system generalized methods of moments approach show that tax avoidance in Indian firms is positively associated with investment inefficiency, and the agency problem augments this relationship. The findings have significant policy implications for policymakers and firms. JEL Codes: G30, G32, G34
Single-Sided Deafness: A Narrative Review
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims: Single-sided deafness (SSD) is a severe type of hearing loss affecting one ear, and it frequently presents social difficulties for those affected. Head shadow effect and sound localisation play an important role in speech perception. Methods: Research articles on SSD were identified through an online search of PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Google Scholar databases. Results: SSD affects daily activities and emotional or social well-being. It is necessary to get the early identification of the aetiology of SSD for prompt intervention. The aetiology of SSD can be determined with the use of investigations such as as genetic testing, serological testing, computed tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging, and DNA testing for viral infections. Rehabilitation options for patients with SSD include cochlear implants, bone-anchored hearing aids, and contralateral routing of sound. Individuals with SSD cochlear implants have strong auditory perception. The objective of this review article is to provide aetiology, clinical presentations, diagnosis and current treatment of SSD. Conclusion: Individuals with SSD commonly experience communication issues that have a substantial negative effect on their quality of life. Word discrimination is hampered by SSD, and this impairment varies depending on the affected ear’s residual hearing. Speech comprehension is frequently difficult for patients with severe SSD, especially in noisy environments.
Implications of the Cass Review for health policy governing gender medicine for Australian minors
Authors: Clayton Alison , Amos Andrew James , Spencer Jillian , Clarke Patrick 
Published: September 2024

Objective To summarize the key recommendations of England’s independent inquiry into gender identity services for children and young people (the Cass Review) and to evaluate their relevance to Australian health policy. Conclusions The Cass Review’s findings and recommendations have clear applicability to Australian health policy. As a matter of priority, Australian health authorities need to seriously engage with the Cass Review's findings and recommendations. To not do so will put the health and well-being of vulnerable children and young people at risk.
Mental health of the Pacific Island Nation communities: What the rest in the world can contribute to and learn from?
Authors: Shidhaye Rahul 
Published: September 2024

Introduction Creating Futures initiative has established a network of mental health professionals, researchers, and community members from the Pacific Island Nations (PIN), Australia, and New Zealand to address the growing challenges of mental health conditions compounded by the climate change crisis. The enormous amount of work done in Global Mental Health can be particularly helpful to improve population-level mental health. However, translation of this evidence base into practice poses several challenges. Objective This perspective paper discusses the role of local culture and health systems context in determining the feasibility and acceptability of implementing and scaling up evidence-based interventions designed in an American-European context. The paper also advocates development (and evaluation) of mental health interventions in the PIN communities particularly and Global South generally and exporting these interventions to the rest of the world. Conclusions COVID-19 crisis underlined the role of global cooperation as well as national level ‘self-reliance’. In this post COVID-19 world, it will be desirable for the mental health community to cooperate and collaborate to scale up evidence-based interventions through rigorous contextualization and at the same time main-stream mental health interventions developed in the Global South by incorporating them in the Global Mental Health discourse.
Pharmacological Assessment of Aqueous Ethanolic Extract of Thalictrum Foetidum Against Haloperidol-Induced Parkinson’s Like Symptoms in Animal Model: A Dose-Dependent Study With Mechanistic Approach
Authors: Han Jiangyu , Hao Xu , Fatima Mishal , Chauhdary Zunera , Jamshed Ayesha , Abdur Rahman Hafiz Muhammad , Siddique Rida , Asif Muhammad , Rana Saba , Hussain Liaqat 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by dopamine deficiency in the corpus striatum due to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Symptoms include bradykinesia, resting tremors, unstable posture, muscular rigidity, and a shuffled gait. Thalictrum foetidum is traditionally used for neurodegenerative disorders. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of aqueous ethanolic extract of Thalictrum foetidum (AETF) against Parkinson-like symptoms and to investigate its underlying mechanism. Methodology: Thirty-six albino mice were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 6): normal control, disease control, standard treatment (levodopa/carbidopa, 100/25 mg/kg), and 3 treatment groups (AETF at 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg). One hour before treatment, haloperidol (1 mg/kg, i. p.) was administered to induce Parkinson’s disease in all groups except the normal control group. Results: Behavioral analysis showed significant improvement ( P < .001) in motor function, muscular coordination, and reduced muscular rigidity and tremors. AETF also reduced oxidative stress. Histological examination of the brain showed reduced Lewy bodies, neurofibrillary tangles, and plaque formation. Conclusion: AETF alleviated PD symptoms by reducing neurodegeneration, modulating oxidative stress, and inhibiting the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and associated inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).
Key Components of Qigong for People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Survey of Clinicians, Researchers, and Instructors
Authors: Buttolph Lita P. , Villanueva Jamie , Parman Natasha , Wooliscroft Lindsey , Yeh Gloria Y. , Bradley Ryan , Zwickey Heather 
Published: September 2024

Background Preliminary evidence suggests that Qigong (QG), a mind-body therapy, may help address symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS), but the heterogeneity of QG content and delivery may affect its feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy. Objective To survey researchers, clinicians, and QG instructors with experience working with people with MS to identify key components of MS-specific QG guidelines and protocols. Methods We conducted an online survey to identify QG forms and movements considered helpful for MS, reasons for selection, characteristics of effective learning environments, and recommended dosage and frequency of practice. Quantitative data were analyzed using summary statistics. Qualitative data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results Forty-seven experts, including QG instructors, clinicians, and QG and MS researchers, completed the survey. Respondents had a mean (SD) of 20 (11) years of QG teaching experience, 26 (12) years of clinical practice, 24 (9) years of QG research experience, 13 (5) years of MS research experience, and worked with at least 3 (2) people with MS. Approximately 125 QG forms/movements were recommended. Some forms were specifically recommended to address MS symptoms (e.g., emotional regulation, balance and coordination, muscle strength and flexibility, immune regulation, and circulation). Some respondents felt that any QG form could be beneficial if basic principles were met (e.g., intentional movement, posture, focused awareness, rhythmic breathing/movement, and a relaxed mind and body). Instructor qualities included the ability to convey information clearly, being caring and compassionate, proficient in QG, and having basic knowledge of MS. To promote confidence in learning QG, recommendations included having simple, easy-to-learn movements with modifications based on physical ability. We provide a sample protocol based on these recommendations. Conclusions This study provides expert guidance for developing a QG protocol for an MS population, including content and delivery recommendations.
Longitudinal relationship between pre-exposure prophylaxis motivation and change in adherence among men who have sex with men in Western China
Authors: Lin Bing , Liu Jiaxiu , Pan Haiying , He Wei , Zhang Hong , Zhong Xiaoni 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The efficacy of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly dependent on adherence, and adherence behavior is influenced by motivation. The aim of this study was to explore the longitudinal relationship between PrEP motivation and change in adherence among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Western China.

Methods
From November 2019 to June 2021, we conducted a PrEP prospective cohort study. Motivation to take medicine was measured by the PrEP Motivation Scale at baseline, and was grouped into different levels of latent categories by Latent Profile Analysis (LPA). A multinomial logistic regression model was used to explore the longitudinal relationship between change in adherence (improvement, decline, no change) and different levels of PrEP motivation.

Results
MSM were divided into two categories of PrEP motivation, a “high motivation group” (n = 506, 69.89%) and a “low motivation group” (n = 218, 30.11%). High PrEP motivation had no significant effect on the change in short-term adherence, however, it contributed to the improvement in long-term adherence [odds ratio (OR) = 3.028 (1.100–8.332), p = 0.031]. The predictive power of the adherence model was significantly enhanced with the addition of the PrEP motivation factor.

Conclusions
There was a positive correlation between high PrEP motivation at baseline and an improvement in long-term adherence. Surveillance and intervention of PrEP motivation in MSM can increase their adherence, and then promote PrEP efficacy.
Gender-affirming hormonal therapy induces a gender-concordant fecal metagenome transition in transgender individuals
Authors: Liwinski Timur , Auer Matthias K. , Schröder Johanna , Pieknik Ina , Casar Christian , Schwinge Dorothee , Henze Lara , Stalla Günter K. , Lang Undine E. , von Klitzing Alina , Briken Peer , Hildebrandt Thomas , Desbuleux Jeanne C. , Biedermann Sarah V. , Holterhus Paul-Martin , Bang Corinna , Schramm Christoph , Fuss Johannes 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Limited data exists regarding gender-specific microbial alterations during gender-affirming hormonal therapy (GAHT) in transgender individuals. This study aimed to investigate the nuanced impact of sex steroids on gut microbiota taxonomy and function, addressing this gap. We prospectively analyzed gut metagenome changes associated with 12 weeks of GAHT in trans women and trans men, examining both taxonomic and functional shifts.

Methods
Thirty-six transgender individuals (17 trans women, 19 trans men) provided pre- and post-GAHT stool samples. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was used to assess the changes in gut microbiota structure and potential function following GAHT.

Results
While alpha and beta diversity remained unchanged during transition, specific species, including Parabacteroides goldsteinii and Escherichia coli, exhibited significant abundance shifts aligned with affirmed gender. Overall functional metagenome analysis showed a statistically significant effect of gender and transition (R2 = 4.1%, P = 0.0115), emphasizing transitions aligned with affirmed gender, particularly in fatty acid-related metabolism.

Conclusions
This study provides compelling evidence of distinct taxonomic and functional profiles in the gut microbiota between trans men and women. GAHT induces androgenization in trans men and feminization in trans women, potentially impacting physiological and health-related outcomes.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02185274.