bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
B-Cell Lymphoma Patient-Derived Xenograft Models Enable Drug Discovery and Are a Platform for Personalized Therapy
Authors: Zhang Leo , Nomie Krystle , Zhang Hui , Bell Taylor , Pham Lan , Kadri Sabah , Segal Jeremy , Li Shaoying , Zhou Shouhao , Santos David , Richard Shawana , Sharma Shruti , Chen Wendy , Oriabure Onyekachukwu , Liu Yang , Huang Shengjian , Guo Hui , Chen Zhihong , Tao Wenjing , Li Carrie , Wang Jack , Fang Bingliang , Wang Jacqueline , Li Lei , Badillo Maria , Ahmed Makhdum , Thirumurthi Selvi , Huang Steven Y. , Shao Yiping , Lam Laura , Yi Qing , Wang Y. Lynn , Wang Michael 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPurpose: Patients with B-cell lymphomas often relapse after frontline therapy, and novel therapies are urgently needed to provide long-term remission. We established B-cell lymphoma patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models to assess their ability to mimic tumor biology and to identify B-cell lymphoma patient treatment options.Experimental Design: We established the PDX models from 16 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, or Burkitt lymphoma by inoculating the patient tumor cells into a human bone chip implanted into mice. We subjected the PDX models to histopathologic and phenotypical examination, sequencing, and drug efficacy analysis. Primary and acquired resistance to ibrutinib, an oral covalent inhibitor of Bruton tyrosine kinase, were investigated to elucidate the mechanisms underlying ibrutinib resistance and to identify drug treatments to overcome resistance.Results: The PDXs maintained the same biological, histopathologic, and immunophenotypical features, retained similar genetic mutations, and produced comparable drug responses with the original patient tumors. In the acquired ibrutinib-resistant PDXs, PLC-γ2, p65, and Src were downregulated; however, a PI3K signaling pathway member was upregulated. Inactivation of the PI3K pathway with the inhibitor idelalisib in combination with ibrutinib significantly inhibited the growth of the ibrutinib-resistant tumors. Furthermore, we used a PDX model derived from a clinically ibrutinib-relapsed patient to evaluate various therapeutic choices, ultimately eliminating the tumor cells in the patient's peripheral blood.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that the B-cell lymphoma PDX model is an effective system to predict and personalize therapies and address therapeutic resistance in B-cell lymphoma patients. Clin Cancer Res; 23(15); 4212–23. ©2017 AACR.
Os SIG como ferramenta de suporte nos cuidados de saúde primários: caso de estudo na distribuição de enfermeiros de família por área geográfica
Authors: Fonseca Luís Carlos Santos , Sousa Ana Maria Rodrigues Monteiro de 
Published: March 2017

Com este trabalho procuramos mostrar o valor acrescentado dos Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG) quando arquitetados e construídos de raiz numa perspetiva sistémica para um fim específico. Neste caso em concreto utilizamos a nossa questão de partida - definição de áreas geográficas homogéneas para a distribuição de enfermeiros de família para a Unidade de Saúde Familiar (USF) da Nova Via pertencente ao Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde de Espinho/Gaia na Área Metropolitana do Porto- para construir um suporte de gestão adaptado à realidade vivida numa Unidade de Saúde Familiar. https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-7723_24_11
The Point of View Makes the Difference. Explaining the Position of Women in Myanmar
Authors: Winterberger Georg 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Right now, Myanmar is a fascinating place to do research on a society as it moves from isolation to openness. During the time I spent in Myanmar doing qualitative field research, I noticed a gap between the literature about the position of women in Myanmar and the situation I came across in the field. This paper will first examine the existing literature on women in Myanmar including recent contributions, publications from the colonial time and during the time after the country gained independence. Secondly, I will expound on my field data relating to women in society and the power held by women within families and households. Finally, I will highlight the gap that arose in comparing literature and the data gained from my field research. I conclude that there is a sharp distinction between the different points of views of authors. Claims and statements of different authors can only be compared if attention is paid to the differing perspectives and their respective methodologies.
The Ṣaḍakṣara-vidyā: A translation and study of the Tibetan version of the six-syllables spell
Authors: Holz Kathrin 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This article examines the Tibetan version of the Ṣaḍakṣara-vidyā, an apotropaic text extracted from the Śārdūlakarṇāvadāna, and discusses its position in early Buddhist rakṣā literature as well as the effects of its mantra, which was employed for healing purposes. The diseases, sores, and different kinds of fever against which the mantra shall be efficacious are given in a long list, which became a common feature throughout Buddhist protective texts. It is the sound substance of the mantra, which brings about the desired effect only when recited correctly. Thus the precise wording of the spell is essential, and this article therefore offers next to a full translation of the Tibetan sūtra also an edition of the mantras.
Unfertige Studien II: Bemerkungen zum Korankommentar des Aṣamm
Authors: van Ess Josef 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Abu Bakr al-Asamm’s (d. 200/816 or 201/817) commentary of the Qur’an is one of the oldest of its genre. It originated in Basra but seems to have become a “book” only when, in the middle of the 3rd century H., it was transferred from Baghdad to Eastern Iran. There it was used by a number of authors, Sunni as well as Shii. The greatest number of quotations is found in Maturidi’s (d. 333/944 ?) Ta’wilat. The article deals with the material found in this source, its tendency as well as its relationship to quotations in later authors up to Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (d. 606/1210). The work has not survived, and we can only speculate where and for how long several copies, complete or incomplete survived.
Photometry and Classification of Stars in the Direction of the Dark Cloud TGU 619 in Cepheus. II. Interstellar Extinction and Cloud Distance
Authors: Zdanavičius K. , Maskoliūnas M. , Zdanavičius J. , Straižys V. , Kazlauskas A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractInterstellar extinction is investigated in a 1.5 square degree area of the Cepheus Flare in the direction of the dark cloud TGU 619 at ℓ=102.5°, b=+15.5°. The study is based on photometric classification of 658 stars in spectral and luminosity classes down to V = 16 mag using photometry in the Vilnius seven-color system published in Paper I (2009). The extinction in the investigated area is very uneven: in the most transparent directions we find an extinction of 0.3-1.1 mag while in the darkest directions the maximum extinction observed is 2.6 mag. The real extinction should be considerably larger since in the direction of some cloud clumps no stars are seen. The distribution of stars in the A
Comparisons and Comments on Electron and Ion Impact Profiles of Spectral Lines
Authors: Sahal-Bréchot Sylvie , Dimitrijević Milan S. , Nessib Nebil Ben 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Stark broadening theory is currently operated for calculating widths and shifts of spectral lines that are needed for spectroscopic diagnostics and modeling in astrophysics, laboratory and technological plasmas. We have calculated a great number of data, obtained through the impact semiclassical perturbation theory: tables have been published for neutral atom and ion emitters, and typical temperatures, electron and ion densities. They are currently implemented in the STARK-B database which participates in the European effort within the Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Centre. Despite of that, a great number of data are still missing. In the present paper, we revisit and compare a great number of the impact Stark widths and shifts by considering their semiclassical perturbation expressions. We also provide fitting formulae which are essential for the modeling codes of stellar atmospheres and envelopes.
‘Monks who are not priests do not have the power to bind and to loose’: the debate about confession in eleventh- and twelfth-century Byzantium
Authors: Krausmüller Dirk 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis article focuses on the question whether or not unordained monks can hear confession and give absolution. It argues that until the tenth century this practice was regarded as unproblematic in Byzantium but that after this date the church began to insist on the strict implementation of canon law, which restricted this role to members of the church hierarchy. Through close reading of the surviving evidence it makes the case that this initiative was successful and that many monastic milieus came to accept the position of the secular church.
Die „deutsche Spur“ in der altrussischen Erzählung über die Einnahme Konstantinopels durch die Kreuzritter
Authors: Maiorov Alexander V. , Metelkin Evgenij N. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractOld Rus’ literature and art reflected the capture of Constantinople by the Crusaders, in particular, in the Tale on the taking of Tsargrad by the Crusaders.The most likely author of this work, the oldest version of which has survived as part of the Older Version of the First Novgorod Chronicle, is the Novgorod Boyar Dobrynya Yadreykovich (later Archbishop Anthony). A close associate of the Galician-Volhynian prince RomanMstislavich, Dobrynya spent several years in Constantinople on his behalf and witnessed the devastation of the Byzantine capital by the Latins in April 1204. The close relationship with the Galician-Volhynian prince explains why Dobrynya paid attention to the prince’s brother-in-law - the German king Philip of Swabia - and his role in organizing the Fourth Crusade.The author of the Tale expressed the „Ibellin“ point of view, i.e. he attempted to take off the German king the responsibility for the devastation of Constantinople. He was familiar with the details of the escape of Prince Alexios (the future emperor Alexios IV) from the Byzantine capital to King Philip and used characteristic German vocabulary (place names and personal names). All this suggests that the Russian scribe used informations from a well-informed German source. Dobrynya’s informer could be one of King Philip’s supporters, Bishop of Halberstadt Konrad von Krosigk, who participated in the siege of Constantinople in 1203-1204.
Synthesis of 4H-3-aryl-2-cyano-1,4-benzothiazine 1,1-dioxides for antiviral studies
Authors: Wilkerson Phillip D. , Bean Andrew C. , Stephens Chad E. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
2-Cyano-substituted 1,4-benzothiazine 1,1-dioxides, required for antiviral studies, were prepared by a reductive cyclodehydration of an ortho-nitro sulfone precursor containing a pendant aryl ketone group. The ring-forming reaction also furnishes a non-cyclized benzamide as a major byproduct via an unexpected acyl transfer reaction.
Plasma Methods of Obtainment of Multifunctional Composite Materials, Dispersion-Hardened by Nanoparticles
Authors: Sizonenko O. N. , Grigoryev E. G. , Pristash N. S. , Zaichenko A. D. , Torpakov A. S. , Lypian Ye. V. , Tregub V. A. , Zholnin A. G. , Yudin A. V. , Kovalenko A. A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHigh voltage electric discharge (HVED) in disperse system “hydrocarbon liquid – powder” due to impact of plasma discharge channel, electromagnetic fields, shock waves mechanical impact, hydro flows and volume microcavitation leads to synthesis of nanocarbon, metal powders dispersion and synthesis of micro- (from 10−6 to 10−7 m) and nanosized (from 10−7 to 10−9 m) composite powders of hardening phases. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) of powder mixtures allows targeted control of grain growth rate and thus allows obtainment of multifunctional composite materials dispersion hardened by nanoparticles. Processes of HVED synthesis of micro- and nanosized powders of new compositions from elemental metal powders and their mixtures with the subsequent application of high-speed SPS of obtained powders create conditions for increase of strength (by 10–20 %), hardness and wear-resistance (by 30–60 %) of obtained materials.
Concentration of Point Defects in Metal Deficient Zn1-yO
Authors: Drożdż Monika , Wierzba Bartek , Grzesik Zbigniew 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this paper the doping effect has been used to indirectly calculate point defect concentration in metal-deficient Zn1-yO zinc oxide. The proposed method consists of determining the concentration of prevailing point defects in the studied oxide from the influence of chromium addition on the point defect situation in doped zinc oxide. It has been found that chromium addition into the crystal lattice of zinc oxide changes its ionic disorder, enabling calculation of predominant point defects in Zn1-yO. The concentration of predominant point defects in Zn1-yO is the following function of oxygen pressure and temperature:
$$\eqalign{\left[{\,{{\rm V''}_{\rm Zn}}\,} \right]\, &= \,{1 \over 2}\left[{\,{\rm h^ \bullet}\,} \right]\, = \,0.63 \cdot \,\rm p_{{O_2}}^{1/6}\, \cdot {K^{1/3}}\,_{}^{}\, \cr& = \,\,5.6 \cdot {10^{- 3}} \cdot \,\rm p_{{O_2}}^{1/6}\, \cdot \exp \left({- {{27\,kJ/mol} \over {RT}}} \right)\cdot}$$
Crystal structure of bis(μ2-azido-κ2
N:N)-dichlorido-bis(μ2-2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethan-1-ol-κ2
O,N)dicopper(II), C14H18Cl2Cu2N8O2
Authors: Xin Wang , Huichao Lv , Liguo Yang , Yuqiang Dai 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
C14H18Cl2Cu2N8O2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 6.0166(6) Å, b = 15.2792(14) Å, c = 11.5833(12) Å, β = 100.295(1)°, V = 1047.70(18) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0412, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0884, T = 298 K.
Acción española y plazas atlánticas portuguesas en África tras la independencia portuguesa: lealtad, ruptura o interés
Authors: Perez Germán Santana 
Published: March 2017

Após a independência de Portugal em 1640, o panorama de fidelidade para a causa bragancista era incerto nos territórios atlânticos africanos controlados pelos portugueses. O comércio de escravos para a América hispânica era um atrativo muito grande para o rompimento de maneira brusca. Ademais, a presença espanhola na África tinha crescido desde 1580, e após 1640 o Rei espanhol não estava disposto a perder seus antigos domínios sem lutar. Ante essa encruzilhada, a lealdade de muitos habitantes das praças portuguesas estava em questão. Uma grande parte teve uma atitude titubeante até que se aclarasse a situação de instabilidade política. Ao mesmo tempo, os espanhóis não duvidaram em incrementar sua presença comercial e missioneira na costa ocidental africana.
VIRUSES OF THE PARVOVIRIDAE FAMILY: MOLECULAR GENETICAL ASPECTS OF REPRODUCTION AND MEDICAL IMPORTANCE
Authors: Antipova A. Yu. , Lavrentieva I. N. 
Published: March 2017

Discovery of new parvoviruses led to taxonomical structure and the nomenclature of the Parvoviridae family reevaluation. There are two subfamilies: Densovirinae and Parvovirinae. Densovirinae subfamily consists of viruses of arthropoda. The Parvovirinae subfamily includes eight genuses of vertebrate animals viruses. In this review parvoviruses which are of interest to practical health care will be considered. Data on molecular and biological and virological characteristics of viruses, epidemiological and clinical features of the infections caused by these viruses are submitted. Parvoviruses whichare interesting for human health care belong to five genuses: Bocaparvovirus, Dependoparvovirus, Erythroparvovirus, Protoparvovirus and Tetraparvovirus. The most known person pathogenic parvovirus is the Primate erythroparvovirus 1 virus which was earlier called by Human parvovirus B19. It was discovered in 1975. It relates to the Erythroparvovirus genus. In this review the main attention is paid to less known viruses of this family. In viral lower respiratory tract infections structure the leading place is taken by Human Bocavirus — Primate bocaparvovirus 1 and Primate bocaparvovirus 2 relating to the Bocaparvovirus genus. In 2005, the virus of human, Primate tetraparvovirus 1, was discovered which belongs to the genus Tetraparvovirus. Clinically acute form of a tetraparvoviral infection is a top and lower respiratory tract and an alimentary tract disease. The virus possesses teratogenic action. Protoparvovirus genus representatives cause an alimentary tract disease also. Two species, pathogenic for the person are described. Bufavirus (Primate protoparvovirus 1) was found in 2012. Tuzavirus (Primate protoparvovirus 2, Tusavirus 1) was highlighted in 2014. Rodent protoparvovirus 1 which consist of rodents viruses is very interesting species for therapy of the human. Viruses of this species are capable to infect a wide range of human cancer cells, have the expressed carcinolytic properties and are perspective for treatment of person with a cancer. The human virus of the Dependoparvovirus genus called Human adeno-associated virus was discovered in 1965 in the drugs of an adenovirus. This virus isn’t associated with any disease however the virus can be located in a certain locus of the 19th human chromosome and is a perspective candidate like a vector for the treatment of genetic diseases.
An assessment of nasal and orbital parameters in human fetuses
Authors: Acar Musa , Salbacak Ahmet , Çiçekcibaşı Aynur E. , Büyükmumcu Mustafa , Şahin Tahir K. 
Published: March 2017

Background: Nasal bone aplasia and hypoplasia have been reported on fetuses with aneuploidy. Trisomy 21 is one of the most common chromosomal abnormality detected in new-borns. The purpose of our study is to obtain data of some face parameters in Turkish fetal population and to contribute creation of reference ranges that may be used for prenatal diagnosis.Methods: This study was performed in 66 spontaneously aborted fetuses (47 second trimester and 19 third trimester) (28 male and 38 female) with no detectable external pathology or anomalies. Measurements were designed as nasal bone length (NBL), nose length (NL), nose width (NW), nostril width (NsW), intraocular distance (IOD), innercanthal distance (ICD), outercanthal distance (OCD), orbital diameter (OD), biparietal diameter (BPD).Results: In comparison between genders, ICD and BPD averages were found significantly higher in male fetuses than female fetuses (P<0.05). There was not any statistically significant difference between averages of the values on the right and left. The difference between second and the third trimester was significant in terms of all parameters (P<0.05). A strong correlation was detected between gestational age and our parameters.Conclusions: Present study has contributed to create reference ranges of Turkish community. When importance of early diagnosis is considered, we believe that this data will be useful for clinicians.
Knowledge regarding hazards and legislation of tobacco consumption among undergraduate students in Rajkot & Morbi Districts, Gujarat, India, 2016
Authors: R. Matariya Zalak , K. Namera Harshida , Patel Umed V. 
Published: March 2017

Background: Tobacco which is most common legally available hazardous substance, most of the new users in India's is school children. For prevention and control of tobacco consumption, legislation lies at the very heart of any effective tobacco control programme. To assess knowledge regarding harmful effects and legislation of tobacco consumption among undergraduate studentsMethods: A cross sectional study carried out among 2000 students in 20 colleges of different streams of Rajkot and Morbi districts during February-March 2016 using self-administered questionnaire. Proportion of male: female was kept 3:1.Results: Knowledge regarding harmful effects of tobacco was present in 95.8% participants. 92.8% students believed that cancer is the harmful effect of tobacco consumption.77.3% students had knowledge that tobacco consumption is the leading cause of death in India. Television was the commonest source of knowledge of harmful effect of tobacco (71.9%). Only 15.9% students had knowledge regarding the penalty for violation of rules of tobacco consumption prohibition.Conclusion: Knowledge regarding harmful effects of tobacco consumption was present in majority of students but it had no association with tobacco consumption habit. Knowledge regarding legislation of tobacco consumption was poor among students.
Study of association of thrombocytopenia with plasmodium vivax infection
Authors: Rathod Gunvanti B. , Parmar Pragnesh 
Published: March 2017

<p class="ABS"><span class="BoldItalic CharOverride-3">Background:</span> Malaria is a protozoan disease, transmitted by the bite of infected female anopheles mosquito. It is the most important parasitic disease of human with transmission in 107 countries containing three billion people and causing 1-3 million deaths each year. <span class="Italic">P. Vivax</span> and <span class="Italic">P. Falciparum</span> infections are always associated with haematological abnormalities like normocytic normochromic anaemia, initial leukocytosis followed by leukopenia with monocytosis and thrombocytopenia. <span class="Bold">Materials and methods: </span><span class="Bold CharOverride-4">Total 250 indoor patients of medicine and paediatric department, over the period of 2 years from April 2007 to March 2009, were included in the study. All the study subjects were identified positive for malaria parasites on peripheral blood smear examination with conventional microscopy. For the conformation of the isolated infections of P. Falciparum and P. Vivax, we had also used ‘OptiMAL ® Rapid Malaria Dipstick Test’. Platelet count was done on a fully automated, quantitative Abacus BC 3200 Auto Haematology Analyzer. </span><span class="Bold">Results:</span> Severe thrombocytopenia is more common with <span class="Italic">P. Falciparum</span> (20.83%) and mixed infection (16.67%) as compared to <span class="Italic">P. Vivax</span> infection (7.33%), although <span class="Italic">P. Vivax</span> infection had significant number of cases with moderate (36.67%) and mild thrombocytopenia (38%). <span class="Bold">Conclusion:</span> Presence of thrombocytopenia is not a distinguishing feature between the <span class="Italic">P. Falciparum</span> and <span class="Italic">P. Vivax</span> infection. In patients with acute febrile illness and with marked thrombocytopenia, <span class="Italic">P. Vivax</span> should also be kept as a differential diagnosis.</p>
Does the presence of an eschar correlate with severity of scrub typhus infection?
Authors: Shaikh Iqbal Ahmed Atif , Kundavaram Paul Prabhakar Abhilash , Mitra Shubhanker , Jayakaran Jonathan Arul Jeevan , Trinity Paul , Varghese George M. 
Published: March 2017

<p class="ABS"><span class="ABS_Bold-Italic" lang="en-GB">Background &amp; Materials and Methods:</span> In scrub typhus (ST) the correlation of disease severity to the presence or absence of eschar is not known. We describe the differences between patients with an eschar and those without. <span class="ABS_Bold-Italic" lang="en-GB">Results:</span> In the 193 patients, 105 (56%) had an eschar. Patients with an eschar had a higher incidence of renal failure (18.1% vs. 5.7%; P = 0.01), respiratory system involvement (30.5% vs. 13.6%; P = 0.01) and cardiovascular system (CVS) involvement (21.9% vs. 10.2%; P = 0.03). Involvement of the central nervous system, hematological system and gastro-intestinal tract were not statistically significant between the two groups. ST patients with an eschar had significantly higher requirement for noninvasive ventilation (9.1% vs. 1.9%; P = 0.04). Requirement of invasive ventilation and inotropic supports were the same in both groups. <span class="ABS_Bold-Italic" lang="en-GB">C</span><span class="ABS_Bold-Italic" lang="en-GB">onclusion:</span> The presence of an eschar in patients with ST is associated with a higher incidence of renal dysfunction, CVS and respiratory system involvement and a greater requirement of noninvasive ventilatory support.</p>