bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
01.29: Experimental prequalification of bolted extended end plate beam to column connections with haunches
Authors: Stratan Aurel , Maris Cosmin , Dubina Dan , Neagu Calin 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTModern seismic design codes require that the seismic performance of beam‐to‐column connections in steel moment resisting frames be demonstrated through experimental investigations, which are expensive and time‐consuming. A solution to this problem is the prequalification of typical connections for the design practice, which is common in U.S. and Japan. Recently concluded European research project entitled EQUALJOINTS (European pre‐QUALified steel JOINTS) addressed the seismic prequalification of several beam‐to‐column connection typologies common in the European practice. The current paper outlines the experimental program performed on 24 bolted extended end‐plate connections with haunches investigated at the Politehnica University of Timisoara in the framework of this project. The parameters of the experimental program consist of beam/column size, haunch geometry, joint configuration (single‐sided and double‐sided), panel zone strength, loading protocol (monotonic and cyclic) and beam over strength. The performance of the specimens is quantified in terms of deformation capacity, stiffness, and strength. Tests showed a satisfactory cyclic response, with plastic deformations occurring in the beam, at the end of the haunch. Consequently, extended end plate beam to column connections with haunches prove to be a suitable solution for seismic applications with large plastic deformation demands.
01.30: Evaluation on clamping load of high strength bolts under ambient environment
Authors: Nah Hwan‐Seon , Choi Sung‐Mo 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThe torque shear type high strength bolt is clamped in general when pin‐tail of shank is cut off. However the clamping loads of high strength bolt did not often meet the required tension due to variation of torque coefficient. This is why the viscosity of lubricant on bolt shank affects the torque coefficient by temperature, dust and debris. In this study, the clamping tests of various high strength bolts were performed independently both at indoor condition and at construction sites for six years. The temperature of construction sites was recorded with the range from −11°C to 34°C‥ The temperature at indoor condition was set up to compose from −10°C to 50°C at each 10°C interval. At construction sites, the clamping load of high strength bolt was varied from 159 to 210 kN and the torque value was varied from 405 to 556 Nm. The torque coefficients at construction sites were analyzed from 0.126 to 0.158 whereas tensions were measured from 179 to 192 kN by using tension meter. The torque coefficients at construction sites were analyzed to range from 0.118 to 0.152. From these tests, the diverse equations on torque coefficient, tension subjected to temperature were taken by statistic regressive analysis.
03.06: A study on the behaviour of steel beam‐column connections to deep wide flange columns for seismic applications
Authors: Pettersson Frida , Rassati Gian A. , Swanson James A. , Burns Thomas M. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThe use of deep column profiles in lateral force resisting systems is becoming increasingly commonplace for the purpose of providing sufficient stiffness to meet lateral drift limits. Existing research on the behaviour of connections to deep column profiles is limited, and consequently this study aims to explore potential issues with these configurations. A parametric analytical investigation was performed focusing on the behaviour of one‐sided reduced beam section connections to columns of variable depths. A total of forty assemblies were designed according to the 2010 AISC Specification. Four column sizes were considered, namely W14×426, W24×192, W27×194, and W30×191 (in metric designations, W360×634, W610×285, W690×289, and W760×284). Columns were subjected to five levels of axial load and were configured with either medium or weak panel zone strength. A common size beam was used for all configurations, namely a W36×150 (W920×223), so that the shear and bending moments transferred to the column were not a variable. Imperfections and second‐order geometric effects were considered as part of the parametric investigation which used geometry and material characteristics from a previous experimental study. The results of this study suggest that the use of doubler plates to strengthen column webs causes a larger twist of the column when the connection is loaded, leading to the recommendation of using heavier profiles instead of reinforcement plates when strength limit states govern. Finally, this study shows that the use of deeper columns does not have a negative impact on the behaviour of the connection as long as the axial loads in the column are relatively low. When column axial loads approach the stability limit of the member, the connection detail used does not perform as intended, as local buckling phenomena reduce the connection capacity before a plastic hinge can fully form in the connected beam.
03.10: Seismic design and performance of extended stiffened end‐plate joints
Authors: Tartaglia Roberto , D'Aniello Mario , Costanzo Silvia , Landolfo Raffaele , De Martino Attilio 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTBolted extended stiffened end‐plate beam‐to‐column joints are commonly used for steel moment resisting frames in seismic areas. In the framework of European codes, EN 1993:1‐8 provides the design rules and the analytical models to predict the mechanical behaviour of the joints. On the other hand, EN 1998‐1 specifies the required performance for seismic resistant joints. In this paper the criticisms of current versions of both EN 1993:1‐8 and EN 1998‐1 are discussed and design criteria for seismic resistant extended stiffened end‐plate beam‐to‐column joints are proposed based on both experimental tests and parametric finite element simulations.
03.12: Global structural modelling of space frame structures with consideration of joint behaviour: An integral analysis approach
Authors: Mähr Tobias , Espinha Miguel , Ziegler René 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThe effects of the behaviour of joints on the distribution of internal forces and moments within a structure and on the overall deformations of the structure are generally neglected [1]. However, where such effects are significant, they should be taken into account. Provisions are given in Eurocode 3, Part 1‐8 [2] for analysis, classification and modelling of joints with respect to rotational degrees of freedom. Provisions for translational degrees of freedom are missing.In shear connections slip may occur in case slip resistance is smaller than design load. This holds true for shear connections category A and B according to Eurocode 3, Part 1‐8 [2]. In structures with predominant normal forces such slip effects may accumulate and considerably affect the internal forces as well as the deflections. Structural modelling and calculation of slip effects is a complicated task in structural mechanics. In this paper, concepts are presented how to consider slip effects in joints when dealing with large space frame structures. Stick‐slip‐models are outlined and implemented in 3d structural models. Calculation techniques are discussed relating to the additional degrees of freedom (statically over‐determined systems) and the non‐linear behaviour.The importance and benefit of this integral analysis approach, where the effects of the joints are considered in the global modelling, are illustrated by the example of the Louvre Abu Dhabi Dome. The dome measures 185m in diameter and consists of approx. 11'000 steel members, most of which having shear connections. The results show that slip in joints must not be neglected in the global structural analysis. The quality and accuracy of the calculated results are verified by deflection measurements on site.
Fine and Clean Photothermally Controlled NIR Drug Delivery from Biocompatible Nickel‐bis(dithiolene)‐Containing Liposomes
Authors: Mebrouk Kenny , Ciancone Mathieu , Vives Thomas , Cammas‐Marion Sandrine , Benvegnu Thierry , Le Goff‐Gaillard Catherine , Arlot‐Bonnemains Yannick , Fourmigué Marc , Camerel Franck 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis work demonstrates that metal‐bis(dithiolene) complexes can be efficiently incorporated inside organic nanocarriers and, that under near‐infrared (NIR) irradiation, their high photothermal activity can be finely used to release encapsulated drugs on demand. In contrast to gold nanoparticles and other organic NIR dyes, nickel‐bis(dithiolene) complexes do not produce singlet oxygen under irradiation, a highly desirable characteristic to preserve the chemical integrity and activity of the loaded drug during the NIR‐triggered release from the nanocarriers. Finally, cytotoxicity experiments performed on various cell lines have shown that the incorporation of such metal complexes do not increase the toxicity of the final liposomal formulation. These results offer great promise for the development of innovative biocompatible drug nanocargos that are able to safely deliver their content on demand under NIR laser irradiation. Moreover, this work demonstrates that metal‐bis(dithiolene) complexes, owing to their versatility of functionalization and metal complexation, are attractive photothermal agents for the development of original NIR‐responsive materials for application not only in biotechnology but also in materials science.
Quality of life after surgery for intracranial meningioma
Authors: Benz Luke S. , Wrensch Margaret R. , Schildkraut Joellen M. , Bondy Melissa L. , Warren Joshua L. , Wiemels Joseph L. , Claus Elizabeth B. 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUNDTo the authors' knowledge, limited data exist regarding long‐term quality of life (QOL) for patients diagnosed with intracranial meningioma.METHODSThe data in the current study concerned 1722 meningioma cases diagnosed among residents of Connecticut, Massachusetts, California, Texas, and North Carolina from May 1, 2006 through March 14, 2013, and 1622 controls who were frequency matched to the cases by age, sex, and geography. These individuals were participants in a large, population‐based, case‐control study. Telephone interviews were used to collect data regarding QOL at the time of initial diagnosis or contact, using the Medical Outcomes Study Short‐Form 36 Health Survey. QOL outcomes were compared by case/control status.RESULTSPatients diagnosed with meningioma reported levels of physical, emotional, and mental health functioning below those reported in a general healthy population. Case participants and controls differed most significantly with regard to the domains of Physical and Social Functioning, Role‐Physical, Role‐Emotional, and Vitality.CONCLUSIONSIn the current study, patients with meningioma experienced statistically significant decreases in QOL compared with healthy controls of a similar demographic breakdown, although these differences were found to vary in clinical significance. Cancer 2018;124:161‐6. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Variation in the use of active surveillance for low‐risk prostate cancer
Authors: Löppenberg Björn , Friedlander David F. , Krasnova Anna , Tam Andrew , Leow Jeffrey J. , Nguyen Paul L. , Barry Hawa , Lipsitz Stuart R. , Menon Mani , Abdollah Firas , Sammon Jesse D. , Sun Maxine , Choueiri Toni K. , Kibel Adam S. , Trinh Quoc‐Dien 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUNDThis study assessed the use of active surveillance in men with low‐risk prostate cancer and evaluated institutional factors associated with the receipt of active surveillance.METHODSA retrospective, hospital‐based cohort of 115,208 men with low‐risk prostate cancer diagnosed between 2010 and 2014 was used. Multivariate and mixed effects models were used to examine variation and factors associated with active surveillance.RESULTSDuring the study period, the use of active surveillance increased from 6.8% in 2010 to 19.9% in 2014 (estimated annual percentage change, +28.8%; 95% confidence interval [CI], + 19.6% to + 38.7%; P = .002). The adjusted probability of active‐surveillance receipt by institution was highly variable. Compared with patients treated at comprehensive community cancer centers, patients treated at community cancer programs (odds ratio [OR], 2.00; 95% CI, 1.50‐2.67; P < .001) and academic institutions (OR, 2.47; 95%, CI, 1.81‐3.37; P < .001) had higher odds of receiving active surveillance. Compared with patients treated at very low‐volume facilities, patients treated at very high‐volume facilities had higher odds of receiving active surveillance (OR, 3.57; 95% CI, 1.94‐6.55; P < .001). Patient and hospital characteristics accounted for 60.2% of the overall variation, whereas the treating institution accounted for 91.5% of the unexplained variability.CONCLUSIONSWithin this hospital‐based cohort, the use of active surveillance for low‐risk prostate cancer increased significantly over time. Significant variation was found in the use of active surveillance. Most of the variation was attributable to facility‐related factors such as the facility type, facility volume, and institution. Policies to achieve consistent and higher rates of active surveillance, when appropriate, should be a priority of professional societies and patient advocacy groups. Cancer 2018;124:55‐64. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Parental distress 6 months after a pediatric cancer diagnosis in relation to family psychosocial risk at diagnosis
Authors: Schepers Sasja A. , Sint Nicolaas Simone M. , Maurice‐Stam Heleen , Haverman Lotte , Verhaak Chris M. , Grootenhuis Martha A. 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUNDThis study was aimed at assessing fathers' and mothers' distress 6 months after a pediatric cancer diagnosis and at determining whether this is related to the level of family psychosocial risk 1 month after the diagnosis.METHODSA sample of 192 families completed the electronic Psychosocial Assessment Tool (ePAT) 1 month after the diagnosis. At 6 months after the diagnosis, 119 mothers and 98 fathers completed the Distress Thermometer for Parents (DT‐P; of which n=132 had also completed the ePAT at baseline). The DT‐P consists of a thermometer score ranging from 0 to 10 (with a score ≥ 4 indicating clinical distress), problem domains (total, practical, social, emotional, physical, cognitive, and parenting for children < 2 years old and for children ≥ 2 years old), and a desire for a referral. The DT‐P scores of mothers and fathers were compared with the scores of a reference group of 671 mothers and 463 fathers with healthy children. Within the pediatric cancer group, the DT‐P scores of families with elevated total ePAT‐scores were compared with the DT‐P scores of parents with universal ePAT scores.RESULTSParents of children with cancer more often reported clinical distress on the DT‐P than parents of healthy children (fathers, 59.2% vs 32.3%; P < .001; mothers, 63% vs 42.3%; P < .001) and reported more problems on all DT‐P domains (P < .001 to P = .042) except for the parenting domain for children < 2 years old. Furthermore, the ePAT predicted parental distress 6 months after the diagnosis because parents with elevated ePAT scores reported more problems than parents with universal scores on the DT‐P thermometer and most of the DT‐P domains (P < .001 to P = 1.00).CONCLUSIONSInitial ePAT risk scores at diagnosis are predictive of future mean levels of parental distress. Cancer 2018;124:381‐90. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Using SQL Databases for Sequence Similarity Searching and Analysis
Authors: Pearson William R. , Mackey Aaron J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRelational databases can integrate diverse types of information and manage large sets of similarity search results, greatly simplifying genome‐scale analyses. By focusing on taxonomic subsets of sequences, relational databases can reduce the size and redundancy of sequence libraries and improve the statistical significance of homologs. In addition, by loading similarity search results into a relational database, it becomes possible to explore and summarize the relationships between all of the proteins in an organism and those in other biological kingdoms. This unit describes how to use relational databases to improve the efficiency of sequence similarity searching and demonstrates various large‐scale genomic analyses of homology‐related data. It also describes the installation and use of a simple protein sequence database, seqdb_demo, which is used as a basis for the other protocols. The unit also introduces search_demo, a database that stores sequence similarity search results. The search_demo database is then used to explore the evolutionary relationships between E. coli proteins and proteins in other organisms in a large‐scale comparative genomic analysis. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Using the Contextual Hub Analysis Tool (CHAT) in Cytoscape to Identify Contextually Relevant Network Hubs
Authors: Muetze Tanja , Lynn David J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHighly connected nodes in biological networks are called network hubs. Hubs are topologically important to the structure of the network and have been shown to be preferentially associated with a range of phenotypes of interest. The relative importance of a hub node, however, can change depending on the biological context. Here, we provide a step‐by‐step protocol for using the Contextual Hub Analysis Tool (CHAT), an application within Cytoscape 3, which enables users to easily construct and visualize a network of interactions from a gene or protein list of interest, integrate contextual information, such as gene or protein expression data, and identify hub nodes that are more highly connected to contextual nodes than expected by chance. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Evaluating functional recovery of habitat for threatened woodland caribou
Authors: Dickie Melanie , Serrouya Robert , DeMars Craig , Cranston Jerome , Boutin Stan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHabitat restoration is a core element for the recovery of many declining species. In western Canada, habitat restoration for the recovery of woodland caribou is focused on linear features (LFs) created by oil and gas exploration. At present, the only established criterion forLFrestoration is when vegetation structure onLFs is similar to surrounding vegetation. Human‐mediated habitat alteration impacts caribou population dynamics by increasing caribou predation rates in two ways: increasing alternate prey populations leading to higher predator numbers and increasing predator hunting efficiency. Linear features increase the movement rates—and may thus increase hunting efficiency—of wolves, a primary predator of caribou and a main hypothesized mechanism for population declines. One approach to determineLFrecovery is to identify potential thresholds in the characteristics of regeneratingLFs where efficiencies in wolf movement rates are no longer evident. We examined how vegetation affects wolf selection of, and movement on,LFs in northeastern Alberta using five‐minute Global Positioning System locations from 20 wolves. Wolves selectedLFs with shorter vegetation and traveled faster onLFs with shorter, sparser vegetation and increased vegetation variability. Travel speeds were reduced by 1.5–1.7 km/h when vegetation exceeded heights of 0.50 m, but at least 30% of aLFrequired vegetation exceeding 4.1 m to slow movement rates to those traveled while in forest. Policy implications: Most of the movement efficiency afforded to wolves byLFs is mediated when vegetation exceeds 0.50 m, and therefore, active restoration could be focused in areas that have not met this value. Rather than treating this value as a clear threshold equating to functional recovery, multiple metrics across trophic levels must also be evaluated to assess population recovery for caribou.
Mechanisms linking active rock glaciers and impounded surface water formation in high‐mountain areas
Authors: Colombo Nicola , Sambuelli Luigi , Comina Cesare , Colombero Chiara , Giardino Marco , Gruber Stephan , Viviano Gaetano , Vittori Antisari Livia , Salerno Franco 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRock glaciers are slowly flowing mixtures of debris and ice occurring in mountains. They can represent a reservoir of water, and melting ice inside them can affect surface water hydrochemistry. Investigating the interactions between rock glaciers and water bodies is therefore necessary to better understand these mechanisms. With this goal, we elucidate the hydrology and structural setting of a rock glacier–marginal pond system, providing new insights into the mechanisms linking active rock glaciers and impounded surface waters. This was achieved through the integration of waterborne geophysical techniques (ground penetrating radar, electrical resistivity tomography and self‐potentials) and heat tracing. Results of these surveys showed that rock glacier advance has progressively filled the valley depression where the pond is located, creating a dam that could have modified the level of impounded water. A sub‐surface hydrological window connecting the rock glacier to the pond was also detected, where an inflow of cold and mineralised underground waters from the rock glacier was observed. Here, greater water contribution from the rock glacier occurred following intense precipitation events during the ice‐free season, with concomitant increasing electrical conductivity values. The outflowing dynamic of the pond is dominated by a sub‐surface seepage where a minor fault zone in bedrock was found, characterised by altered and highly‐fractured rocks. The applied approach is evaluated here as a suitable technique for investigating logistically‐complex hydrological settings which could be possibly transferred to wider scales of investigation. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preoperative biliary drainage for malignant biliary obstruction: results from a national database
Authors: Shaib Yasser , Rahal Mahmoud A. , Rammal Mohammad O. , Mailhac Aurelie , Tamim Hani 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) on postoperative morbidity and mortality in patients with malignant biliary obstruction is still unclear. We examined short‐term surgical outcomes among drained and non‐drained patients.MethodsPatients who underwent surgical resection for their malignancies with biliary obstruction were identified using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Participant Use Files from 2014 to 2015. Mortality and morbidity were compared among patients who had PBD to those who did not undergo biliary drainage prior to surgery.ResultsA total of 2,306 patients were included; of these 1,803 (77.8%) had PBD. The postoperative mortality was 3.0% and 2.2% among direct surgery (DS) group and PBD group, respectively (P = 0.3). Postoperative complications were higher in the PBD group compared to the DS group (27.1% vs. 19.5%; P = 0.0005). Patients in the PBD group had higher risk of sepsis (13.5% vs. 7.2%; P = 0.0001), wound infections (16.5% vs. 10.9%; P = 0.002) and pancreatic fistula (17.5% vs. 12.4%; P = 0.006) compared to the DS group.ConclusionPreoperative biliary drainage is associated with increased risk of sepsis and wound infections, but does not impact the postoperative mortality of patients undergoing PBD.