bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipoid Proteinosis—A Pediatric Otolaryngologist's Perspective: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Varghese Ajoy Mathew , Syed Kamran Asif , Sivaranjini R 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
Lipoid proteinosis (LP) is a rare autosomal-recessive hereditary disorder with multisystemic involvement manifesting in infancy and early childhood. These children may present to a pediatric otolaryngologist with hoarse voice. Here, we report a case of a child with LP with a pediatric otolaryngologist's perspective.

How to cite this article
Trupthi MC, Syed KA, Sivaranjini R, Mukhopadhyay S, Varghese AM. Lipoid Proteinosis—A Pediatric Otolaryngologist's Perspective: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(2):97-99.
A Radiological Study of Anatomical Variations of Uncinate Process
Authors: Patla Shrinath D Kamath , Rathnakar Pretty , Bhat Vadisha S , LNU Jayaramesh 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTAim(a) To study the variations in the superior attachment of uncinate process. (b) Incidence of pneumatization of uncinate process was also studied.Materials and methodsA total 200 sides of 100 CT scans of paranasal sinuses coronal section were studied for variations in the superior insertion of uncinate process using Landsberg and Friedman classification. Incidence of pneumatization of uncinate process was also studied.ResultsIn our study out of 200 sides, type 6 attachment was commonest (41%) followed by types 1 and 2. Pneumatization of the uncinate was seen in very small percentage of cases.ConclusionLateral insertion of uncinate (lamina papyracea + aggar nassi) is the commonest variant followed by the insertion into the skulbase. Pneumatization of uncinate is rare.Clinical significanceThough the inferior attachment of the uncinate is almost constant the superior attachment has several variations, the knowledge of which is very important for the endoscopic surgeon to avoid intraoperative complications.How to cite this articlePatla SDK, Rathnakar P, Bhat VS, Jayaramesh. A Radiological Study of Anatomical Variations of Uncinate Process. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(2):59-61.
Study of Predisposing Factor, Clinical Profile, and Complications of Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Agarwal Vinish Kumar , Goyal Mamta 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a global health problem that significantly alters patients’ social life and affects learning at school and work productivity.

Materials and methods
A total of 150 patients suggestive of a history of AR were included in this study. The patients underwent a thorough history, clinical examination, diagnostic nasal endoscopic evaluation, and radiological imaging.

Results
Out of 150 patients, 65% were male, whereas 35% were female ranging from age 14 to 70 years; 30% of both male and female were between 21 and 25 years; and 85% belonged to urban area, whereas 15% were rural inhabitants. The most significant complaints of patients were mainly paroxysmal sneezing, nasal obstruction, and watery nasal discharge. In the present study, 21% of patients had first-degree relatives with a complaint of AR; 72% of male patients and 75% of female patients had swollen turbinate; 59% of male patients and 62% of female patients had pale edematous nasal mucosa; 68% of male patients and 56% of female patients had granular pharyngitis; and 25% of male patients and 40% of female patients had complications of AR.

Conclusion
Allergic rhinitis is a disease of youth that affects mostly people in the age group of 21 to 25 years, and it is paroxysmal sneezing that concerns most of the patients and brings them to hospital. About 60% of the patients have a history of contact with the AR patients.

Clinical significance
Allergic rhinitis involves nearly 600 million people all over the world. Our study suggests three cardinal signs of AR, viz., swollen turbinate, pale and edematous nasal mucosa, and granular pharyngitis. This study also signifies female preponderance for complications of AR.

How to cite this article
Agarwal VK, Goyal M, Bist SS. Study of Predisposing Factor, Clinical Profile, and Complications of Allergic Rhinitis. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(2):74-76.
Sinonasal Polyposis and Its Effect on Eustachian Tube Function
Authors: Mane Santosh B , Dasgupta Kalpana S 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Objective/hypothesis
Nasal and paranasal sinus disease can cause Eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction leading to middle ear (ME) hypoventilation. Persistent ME hypoventilation can result in ME conditions like retraction of tympanic membrane, otitis media with effusion, and chronic ME disease.

Aim
Aim of this study was to evaluate the ET function in cases of sinonasal polyposis. Evaluation was done by doing tympanometry.

Materials and methods
This was a hospital-based prospective study consisting of 42 patients (84 ears) of nasal polyposis, of which 27 patients had antrochoanal (AC) polyp and 15 patients had ethmoidal polypi. After thorough history and detail clinical examination, tympanometry was done in all patients 1 day prior to surgery and 4 to 6 weeks after surgery.

Results
Preoperatively in 30 ears (15 patients) of ethmoidal polypi had normal tympanogram (A type) in 40% ears and abnormal tympanogram (B and C) in 60% ears. Postoperatively 80% had A tympanograms and 20% had abnormal tympanogram. There was significant improvement on removal of polypi (p = 0.004). Preoperatively 54 ears (27 patients) of AC polyp had normal tympanogram (type A) in 55.56% ears and abnormal tympanogram (B and C) in 44.44% ears. Postoperatively normal tympanogram was seen in 81.48% and abnormal tympanogram in 18.52% ears, so there was significant improvement after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (p = 0.007).

Conclusion
Eustachian tube dysfunction was present preoperatively in 60 and 44.44% in ethmoidal and AC polypi respectively, while in postoperative period dysfunction was 20 and 18.52%. So function improves on removal of polyp.

How to cite this article
Mane SB, Dasgupta KS. Sinonasal Polyposis and Its Effect on Eustachian Tube Function. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(2):77-80.
Role of Hyaluronidase in Orbital Mass Excision
Authors: Gupta Pankaj , Gupta Suruchi , Poredi Amit , Zadeng Zoramthara 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
Hyaluronidase belongs to a family of enzymes that degrades hyaluronic acid, which is a constituent of the extracellular matrix. The property of hyaluronidase to help relieve tissue adhesions has found implications in epidural neuroplasty, failed back surgery syndrome, abdominal adhesions, and in prevention of formation of adhesions postoperatively in laparoscopic ventral hernia repair. There is no previous study supporting the role of hyaluronidase in relieving the adhesions around the orbital masses and aiding in their delivery. This article intends to discuss the utility of hyaluronidase in orbital mass excision by relieving adhesions around the mass.

Aim
The purpose of this article is to describe the successful use of hyaluronidase intraoperatively for excision of orbital cavernous hemangioma. This patient had an orbital cavernous hemangioma of 8 years’ duration.

Materials and methods
This report describes a patient who presented with unilateral proptosis of long-standing duration and visual diminution of 6 months’ duration. Radiological imaging showed presence of intraconal cavernous hemangioma in the right orbit. The patient underwent transconjunctival orbitotomy for orbital mass excision. Intraoperatively, 5 mL of injection hyaluronidase 300 IU/mL diluted in balanced salt solution was injected around the mass for adhesiolysis using a 25-gauge cannula.

Conclusion
The intraoperative use of hyaluronidase helped in relieving the adhesions around the mass and helped in its easy delivery without undue manipulation.

Clinical significance
Hyaluronidase is helpful in adhesiolysis around the orbital masses and promotes their easy delivery. This helps in early recovery and decreased postoperative tissue edema. This is first such report implicating the role of hyaluronidase in orbital mass excision.

How to cite this article
Gupta P, Gupta S, Poredi A, Zadeng Z. Role of Hyaluronidase in Orbital Mass Excision. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(2):81-83.
Idiopathic Cerebrospinal Fluid Oculorrhea: An Unusual Case Report
Authors: Soni Arvind , Duggal Anchal 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak is an escape of the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Any tear or hole in the membrane that surrounds the brain and spinal cord (dura) can allow the fluid that surrounds those organs to leak. Most commonly, the leak is known to occur from the nose (CSF rhinorrhea) or through the ears (CSF otorrhea). Also, etiology is posttraumatic in majority. However, idiopathic CSF leakage from the eyes is extremely uncommon.

How to cite this article
Soni A, Duggal A. Idiopathic Cerebrospinal Fluid Oculorrhea: An Unusual Case Report. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(2):87-89.
Lacrimal Gland Abscess leading to Frontal Bone Chronic Osteomyelitis: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Varshney Saurabh , Gairola Priyanka , Malhotra Manu 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
We report a case of a 15-year-old girl presenting with left lacrimal abscess with chronic osteomyelitis of frontal bone, a rare sequelae, that of lacrimal adenitis. If lacrimal adenitis is left untreated, abscess formation can occur and can also lead to osteomyelitis. If lacrimal adenitis/abscess is diagnosed early in the disease process by understanding typical signs, conservative management can accomplish resolution without the complications and need for surgical exploration and the cosmetic implications of facial surgery.

How to cite this article
Varshney S, Malhotra M, Kaur N, Gairola P. Lacrimal Gland Abscess leading to Frontal Bone Chronic Osteomyelitis: A Rare Case Report. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(2):102-104.
“Olhar o mar como anfíbio”: humor e política em Luiz Rettamozo
Authors: Moraes Everton de Oliveira 
Published: November 2016

O artista gaúcho Luiz Carlos Rettamozo atuou intensamente na cena cultural curitibana da década de 1970. Da capital paranaense, Rettamozo buscou participar de uma movimentação que ocorria no Brasil naquele momento, isto é, aquela de um conjunto de poetas, músicos e artistas plásticos que Eduardo Viveiros de Castro sintetizou ao chamar de “tropical-concreta”. Tal movimentação foi vivenciada por uma geração que tinha no humor, entendido de forma ampla, como poética e não apenas como atitude cômica, um modo privilegiado de atuação, uma espécie de “arte das artes”, que permitia jogar com os paradoxos, ambiguidades e avessos da sociedade brasileira. O que interessa apontar neste artigo, por meio da análise da temporalidade própria de alguns dos cartuns e experimentações visuais de Rettamozo, é precisamente o modo como o artista buscou investir no humor não apenas como forma de contestação política à ditadura militar, então instalada no país, mas também como modo de desativar os dispositivos de poder postos para funcionar tanto pelo Estado como pelo mercado, que perpassavam a vida cotidiana brasileira, produzindo um clima de “sufoco”. Palavras-chave: Rettamozo; Humor; Tempo; Política.
Nascidos em um país que não existe mais: dois testemunhos sobre o cotidiano na República Democrática Alemã. Uma entrevista com Jürgen e Uta Menzel
Authors: Reis Antero Maximiliano 
Published: November 2016

Jürgen e Uta Menzel nasceram em Berlim, na República Democrática Alemã (RDA), e por lá viveram mais de 30 anos, até a queda do Muro, em 9 de novembro de 1989 . Uta Menzel nasceu em 1957, formou-se em economia do povo e atualmente trabalha como controladora de finanças. Jürgen Menzel nasceu em 1953, formou-se em engenharia elétrica e trabalha atualmente no setor de tecnologia da informação. Ambos ainda residem em Berlim, oficialmente reunificada em 3 de outubro de 1990. O casal esteve no Brasil, visitando a cidade de Florianópolis no mês de julho de 2013, quanto dispôs-se a participar de uma roda de conversa realizada no Centro de Ciências Humanas e da Educação, na Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina. Na ocasião expuseram suas memórias e experiências acerca de seu cotidiano na extinta RDA. Neste dia, Jürgen e Uta concordaram em nos conceder a entrevista que segue abaixo. Os entrevistados foram devidamente esclarecidos sobre todos os procedimentos relacionados à entrevista e sua publicação, estando estes de pleno acordo. Entrevista concedida em: 23/07/2013 em Florianópolis
10Be measurements in bedrock constrain erosion beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet margin
Authors: Young Nicolás E. , Briner Jason P. , Maurer Josh , Schaefer Joerg M. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractGlacial erosion is a key process driving landscape evolution, but it remains unclear what factors dictate the rate at which subglacial erosion occurs. Moreover, estimates of subglacial erosion that do not rely on sediment flux techniques are rare. Here, we present in situ 10Be measurements from bedrock surfaces in western Greenland with well‐constrained ice‐cover histories to quantify the erosion rate beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet margin during historical times. We calculate an abrasion rate of 0.72 ± 0.35 mm yr−1 and a likely total basin‐wide erosion rate (abrasion + quarrying) of ~1–1.8 mm yr−1, which are at least 1 order of magnitude higher than typical subglacial erosion rates in other polar landscapes. A compilation of published 10Be data suggests that the southwestern Greenland Ice Sheet acts as a particularly effective erosional agent within the broader Baffin Bay‐Greenland region over millennial to glacial‐interglacial timescales, suggestive of a basal ice sheet thermal regime controlled by regional climate.
Diagnostic sea ice predictability in the pan‐Arctic and U.S. Arctic regional seas
Authors: Cheng Wei , Blanchard‐Wrigglesworth Edward , Bitz Cecilia M. , Ladd Carol , Stabeno Phyllis J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis study assesses sea ice predictability in the pan‐Arctic and U.S. Arctic regional (Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort) seas with a purpose of understanding regional differences from the pan‐Arctic perspective and how predictability might change under changing climate. Lagged correlation is derived using existing output from the Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble (CESM‐LE), Pan‐Arctic Ice‐Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System, and NOAA Coupled Forecast System Reanalysis models. While qualitatively similar, quantitative differences exist in Arctic ice area lagged correlation in models with or without data assimilation. On regional scales, modeled ice area lagged correlations are strongly location and season dependent. A robust feature in the CESM‐LE is that the pan‐Arctic melt‐to‐freeze season ice area memory intensifies, whereas the freeze‐to‐melt season memory weakens as climate warms, but there are across‐region variations in the sea ice predictability changes with changing climate.
A new look at solar dimming and brightening in China
Authors: Wang Yawen , Wild Martin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPublished estimates on the magnitude of solar dimming and brightening in China show large discrepancies and inconsistencies in its seasonal variations. A nationwide reorganization of the surface solar radiation (SSR) network during 1990–1993 contributed to these uncertainties, which is reflected in a sudden upward jump in the published composite SSR time series. This jump is found to be prevalent in 23 out of 130 stations due to both natural (7 stations) and operational factors (16 stations). After eliminating the stations containing artifacts and discontinuous records, a new magnitude of solar dimming and brightening was estimated for China, and seasonal trends were determined. A transition from dimming to brightening remains in the SSR trend in China after excluding the affected stations and associated jump, in line with the global SSR trend.
Methane mole fraction and δ13C above and below the trade wind inversion at Ascension Island in air sampled by aerial robotics
Authors: Brownlow R. , Lowry D. , Thomas R. M. , Fisher R. E. , France J. L. , Cain M. , Richardson T. S. , Greatwood C. , Freer J. , Pyle J. A. , MacKenzie A. R. , Nisbet E. G. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAscension Island is a remote South Atlantic equatorial site, ideal for monitoring tropical background CH4. In September 2014 and July 2015, octocopters were used to collect air samples in Tedlar bags from different heights above and below the well‐defined Trade Wind Inversion (TWI), sampling a maximum altitude of 2700 m above mean sea level. Sampling captured both remote air in the marine boundary layer below the TWI and also air masses above the TWI that had been lofted by convective systems in the African tropics. Air above the TWI was characterized by higher CH4, but no distinct shift in δ13C was observed compared to the air below. Back trajectories indicate that lofted CH4 emissions from Southern Hemisphere Africa have bulk δ13CCH4 signatures similar to background, suggesting mixed emissions from wetlands, agriculture, and biomass burning. The campaigns illustrate the usefulness of unmanned aerial system sampling and Ascension's value for atmospheric measurement in an understudied region.
Distinct responses of the low‐latitude ionosphere to CME and HSSWS: The role of the IMF Bz oscillation frequency
Authors: Rodríguez‐Zuluaga J. , Radicella S. M. , Nava B. , Amory‐Mazaudier C. , Mora‐Páez H. , Alazo‐Cuartas K. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this work an attempt to identify the role of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) in the response of the ionosphere to different solar phenomena is presented. For this purpose, the day‐to‐day variability of the equatorial ionospheric anomaly (EIA) and the main ionospheric disturbances are analyzed during one coronal mass ejection (CME) and two high‐speed solar wind streams (HSSWSs). The EIA parameters considered are the zonal electric field and both the strength and position of its northern crest. The disturbances being the prompt penetration of magnetospheric electric field (PPMEF) and disturbance dynamo electric field (DDEF) are studied using the magnetic response of their equivalent current systems. In accordance, ground‐based Global Navigation Satellite Systems receivers and magnetometers at geomagnetic low latitudes in the American sector are used. During both phenomena, patterns of PPMEF related to fluctuations of the IMF are observed. Diurnal and semidiurnal magnetic oscillations are found to be likely related to DDEF. Comparisons among the EIA parameters and the DDEF magnetic response exhibit poor relation during the CME in contrast to good relation during the HSSWSs. It is concluded that the response of the low‐latitude ionosphere to solar phenomena is largely determined through the oscillation frequency of the IMF Bz by affecting the generation of the PPMEF and DDEF differently. This is seen as an effect of how the energy from the solar wind is transferred into the magnetosphere‐ionosphere system.
Effects of ULF waves on local and global energetic particles: Particle energy and species dependences
Authors: Li L. Y. , Yu J. , Cao J. B. , Wang Z. Q. , Yu Y. Q. , Reeves G. D. , Li X. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAfter 06:13 UT on 24 August 2005, an interplanetary shock triggers large‐amplitude ultralow‐frequency (ULF) waves (|δB| ≥ 15 nT) in the Pc4–Pc5 wave band (1.6–9 mHz) near the noon geosynchronous orbit (6.6 RE). The local and global effects of ULF waves on energetic particles are observed by five Los Alamos National Laboratory satellites at different magnetic local times. The large‐amplitude ULF waves cause the synchronous oscillations of energetic electrons and protons (≥75 keV) at the noon geosynchronous orbit. When the energetic particles have a negative phase space density radial gradient, they undergo rapid outward radial diffusion and loss in the wave activity region. In the particle drift paths without strong ULF waves, only the rapidly drifting energetic electrons (≥225 keV) display energy‐dispersive oscillations and flux decays, whereas the slowly drifting electrons (<225 keV) and protons (75–400 keV) have no ULF oscillation and loss feature. When the dayside magnetopause is compressed to the geosynchronous orbit, most of energetic electrons and protons are rapidly lost because of open drift trajectories. The global and multicomposition particle measurements demonstrate that the effect of ULF waves on nonlocal particle flux depends on the particle energy and species, whereas magnetopause shadowing effect is independent of the energetic particle species. For the rapidly drifting outer radiation belt particles (≥225 keV), nonlocal particle loss/acceleration processes could also change their fluxes in the entire drift trajectory in the absence of “Dst effect” and substorm injection.
Highly localized unique electrodynamics and plasma irregularities linked with the 17 March 2015 severe magnetic storm observed using multitechnique common‐volume observations from Gadanki, India
Authors: Patra A. K. , Chaitanya P. Pavan , Dashora N. , Sivakandan M. , Taori A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this paper we study equatorial electrodynamics and plasma irregularities linked with the 17 March 2015 severe magnetic storm in the Indian sector by using common volume observations made by the Gadanki Ionospheric Radar Interferometer, airglow imager, Digisonde, and GPS receiver established at Gadanki (13.5°N, 79.2°E). Observations show that with the initiation of the storm at ~06:00 UT on 17 March, which happened to be midday in the Indian sector, the low‐latitude ionosphere responded in tune with the storm‐induced electric field and by the sunset time the base of the F layer ascended to an altitude of 470 km with a peak upward velocity of 50 m s−1 eventually manifesting equatorial plasma bubble and irregularities causing strong GPS scintillation. The most important finding found in this study is the confinement of plasma bubble and irregularities in a narrow longitude zone of 69°E–98°E. Results also show reversal of zonal drift of the irregularities from ~120 m s−1 eastward drift to ~120 m s−1 westward drift in a time span of ~30 min. Both observations are shown to be linked with very special electrodynamical conditions induced by the magnetic storm‐related electric field in the dusk sector. Intriguing details of the longitudinally localized electrodynamics and plasma irregularities are discussed in terms of prompt penetration and disturbed dynamo electric field effects.