bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A POLÍTICA INDUSTRIAL BRASILEIRA RECENTE E AS ESTRATÉGIAS DE INOVAÇÃO DO SETOR MOVELEIRO DA REGIÃO OESTE DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Kroth Darlan Christiano 
Published: July 2017

Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o efeito das políticas industriais realizadas no Brasil pós-2003 sobre as estratégias de inovação da indústria moveleira da Região Oeste de Santa Catarina. Como estratégia empírica foi realizada pesquisa de campo em 14 empresas exportadoras da região. As entrevistas avaliaram um conjunto de três elementos relacionados ao tema: i) perfil; ii) estratégias de inovação das empresas; e, iii) contribuição das ações de política industrial sobre as inovações. As principais conclusões referem-se que a indústria é caracterizada em sua maioria por empresas de pequeno porte, que fabricam móveis residenciais, estão no mercado há mais de 20 anos e não possuem uma política deliberada de inovação, embora acompanhem e realizem melhorias nos produtos e processos produtivos de forma constante. As principais inovações referem-se a “alteração tecnológica de produto” e “mudança tecnológica nos processos de produção” e em menor grau “inovação organizacional”. Em termos de política industrial, os resultados apontaram que as mesmas contribuíram de forma marginal para estimular suas inovações e que o aprimoramento da política deveria considerar programas de capacitação da mão de obra e aprimoramento da legislação trabalhista, linhas de crédito subsidiadas, subsídios fiscais e a melhoria em infraestrutura.
ESTRUTURA ARBÓREA E SAZONALIDADE DA COBERTURA DO DOSSEL EM VEGETAÇÃO FLORESTADA E ABERTA NO PARQUE NACIONAL SERRA DE ITABAIANA, SERGIPE, BRASIL
Authors: Dias Douglas de Matos , Pagotto Mariana Alves , Pereira Taiguã Correa , Ribeiro Adauto de Souza 
Published: July 2017

As florestas de areias brancas quartzosas constituem um tipo de ecossistema oligotrófico, cujos caracteres fitofisionômicos são afetados pela sazonalidade climática. Entre tais características está a abertura do dossel, cujas variações influenciam na distribuição espacial da luz solar no ambiente. Este estudo avaliou e comparou a estrutura da vegetação e as alterações sazonais do dossel em habitat de areias brancas do Parque Nacional Serra de Itabaiana, Sergipe. Os dados foram coletados em dois ambientes: vegetação aberta de areias brancas strictu sensu (VA) e mata fechada de vegetação ripária (MR). Para estimar a densidade arbórea utilizou-se o método quadrante, no qual foram amostradas árvores com CAP ≥ 5 cm. Para avaliar a dinâmica do dossel foram estabelecidos, em cada área, dois transectos compostos por cinco pontos equidistantes 20 m, totalizando 10 pontos por ambiente. Em cada ponto foram obtidas fotografias hemisféricas do dossel nos meses de janeiro (seca) e junho (chuva). As imagens foram analisadas pelo software Gap Light Analyzer, sendo avaliadas as variáveis abertura do dossel e índice de área foliar (IAF). A vegetação ripária apresentou densidade arbórea de 498 ind ha-1 e a vegetação aberta 296 ind ha-1. Esta última, não evidenciou variações na abertura do dossel (t = 2,0146; p > 0,05) e no IAF (t = -2,0052; p > 0,05) entre os períodos de chuva (52,24% ± 18,13% e 0,68 ± 0,45) e seca (67,39% ± 15,38% e 0,36 ± 0,23). Na mata ripária, a abertura do dossel (t = 7,1739; p < 0,05) e o IAF (t = -5,1609; p < 0,05) variou entre os períodos de chuva (13,70% ± 2,24% e 2,13 ± 0,23) e seca (21,08% ± 2,36% e 1,63 ± 0,20). As diferenças observadas destacam a heterogeneidade ambiental na Serra de Itabaiana e demonstram que as formações florestais de areias bancas respondem de maneira distinta à sazonalidade hídrica deste ecossistema. Por estar localizada em uma área de ecótono entre floresta perene e Floresta Estacional Semidecidual, a mata ripária tende a perder parte de suas folhas durante o período seco. Além disso, o padrão de distribuição das plantas pode contribuir para as diferenças entre os habitat estudados.
Miraculous Lithuania: the national open-air mysteries in Lithuania between the wars
Authors: Trinkūnaitė Šarūnė 
Published: July 2017

In the wake of the wave of disappointment with the patriotic repertoire of the new-established State Theatrewhich seemed not to respond to the desire of the celebrating nation, an alternative theatre – theatre of national mass open-air mysteries, mostly organized by the Christian youth organization – came to life in Lithuania in the 1920-ies and gained in popularity. These celebratory performances were devoted to the synthesis of Christian and national ideologies; their main subject was the rebirth of Lithuania as a God’s miracle. This miraculous Lithuania was supposed to become a real experience, i.e. the masses participating in these performances were supposed to be like a continuation of the sacred, blessed-by-God Lithuania represented in the mass hero (chorus) of the plays. However, this turned out to be an utopic project. Miraculuos Lithuania was too inconvincible, too artificial, at a too big distance from the real Lithuania to become a model for the living present. That was one of the main reasons why the national open-air mysteries turned into the lifeless pathetics in the end of the1920-ies and started to vanish in the beginning of the 1930-ies.
HIV point of care diagnosis: preventing misdiagnosis experience from a pilot of rapid test algorithm implementation in selected communes in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Van Thi Thuy , Best Susan , Pham Hong Thang , Troung Thi Xuan Lien , Hoang Thi Thanh Ha , Wilson Kim , Ngo Thi Hong Hanh , Chien Xuan , Lai Kim Anh , Bui Duc Duong , Kato Masaya 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIntroduction: In Vietnam, HIV testing services had been available only at provincial and district health facilities, but not at the primary health facilities. Consequently, access to HIV testing services had been limited especially in rural areas. In 2012, Vietnam piloted decentralization and integration of HIV services at commune health stations (CHSs). As a part of this pilot, a three‐rapid test algorithm was introduced at CHSs. The objective of this study was to assess the performance of a three‐rapid test algorithm and the implementation of quality assurance measures to prevent misdiagnosis, at primary health facilities.Methods: The three‐rapid test algorithm (Determine HIV‐1/2, followed by ACON HIV 1/2 and DoubleCheckGold HIV 1&2 in parallel) was piloted at CHSs from August 2012 to December 2013. Commune health staff were trained to perform HIV testing. Specimens from CHSs were sent to the provincial confirmatory laboratory (PCL) for confirmatory and validation testing. Quality assurance measures were undertaken including training, competency assessment, field technical assistance, supervision and monitoring and external quality assessment (EQA). Data on HIV testing were collected from the testing logbooks at commune and provincial facilities. Descriptive analysis was conducted. Sensitivity and specificity of the rapid testing algorithm were calculated.Results: A total of 1,373 people received HIV testing and counselling (HTC) at CHSs. Eighty people were diagnosed with HIV infection (5.8%). The 755/1244 specimens reported as HIV negative at the CHS were sent to PCL and confirmed as negative, and all 80 specimens reported as HIV positive at CHS were confirmed as positive at the PCL. Forty‐nine specimens that were reactive with Determine but negative with ACON and DoubleCheckGold at the CHSs were confirmed negative at the PCL. The results show this rapid test algorithm to be 100% sensitive and 100% specific. Of 21 CHSs that received two rounds of EQA panels, 20 CHSs submitted accurate results.Conclusions: Decentralization of HIV confirmatory testing to CHS is feasible in Vietnam. The results obtained from this pilot provided strong evidence of the feasibility of HIV testing at primary health facilities. Quality assurance measures including training, competency assessment, regular monitoring and supervision and an EQA scheme are essential for prevention of misdiagnosis.
Jeg er en sånn hverdagspedagog! Barnehagestyreres profesjonelle handlingsrom for å styrke barnehagelæreres anvendelse av fagspråk
Authors: Larsen Ann Kristin , Slåtten Mette Vaagan 
Published: July 2017

Første del av problemstillingen omhandler hva styrere mener er årsaker til at barnehagelærere anvender faglige begreper og teori i liten grad i det pedagogiske arbeidet. Problemstillingens andre del tar opp hva styrerne gjør og kan gjøre for å styrke barnehagelærernes fagspråk. Våre funn viser at styrerne mener at både flat struktur, likhetskultur og svak kompetanse er sentrale årsaker. Styrerne mener de har en sentral rolle når det gjelder å ivareta fagspråket gjennom pedagogisk ledelse. Barnehagestyrer, fagspråk, pedagogisk ledelse, profesjonelt handlingsrom.The first research question discusses what ECEC directors see as central causes to a weak professional language amongst kindergarten teachers. The second research question discusses what ECEC-directors are doing and can do to advance professional language. The main result is that ECEC-directors believe that both non- hierarchically structure, equality culture and low competence are some of the reasons. ECEC-directors are concerned that they have a central role to advance the professional language through professional management.ECEC-director, professional language, pedagogical leadership, freedom of professional action.
Essential oil of lavender in anxiety disorders: Ready for prime time?
Authors: Malcolm Benjamin J. , Tallian Kimberly 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Anxiety disorders are some of the most common psychiatric disorders, with potentially debilitating consequences on individual function. Existing pharmacotherapies for anxiety disorders are limited by delay to therapeutic effect, dependence, tolerance, withdrawal, and abuse potential. Therefore, safe and evidence-based complementary or alternative therapies may be important allies in the care of patients with anxiety disorders. Essential oils are lipophilic and concentrated botanical extracts that exhibit many properties of drugs, although they are not Food and Drug Administration approved and have limitations characteristic of herbal preparations. Lavender essential oil has an extensive anecdotal history of anxiolytic benefit that has recently been supported by clinical efficacy studies. The 2 primary terpenoid constituents of lavender essential oil, linalool and linalyl acetate, may produce an anxiolytic effect in combination via inhibition of voltage-gated calcium channels, reduction of 5HT1A receptor activity, and increased parasympathetic tone. The objectives of this article are to provide a brief overview of lavender oil in aromatherapy, explore variability in the constituents of lavender oil, summarize its pharmacology and safety profile, as well as describe its body of research that has been conducted for anxiety.
The current status of transgender health education in doctor of pharmacy curricula in North America
Authors: Wilkening G. Lucy 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Doctor of pharmacy programs across the country strive to prepare culturally competent pharmacy professionals who are trained to provide compassionate and evidence-based care to a variety of patients. Within the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education 2016 Standards and Key Elements for the Doctor of Pharmacy Degree, pharmacy schools are charged with the task of developing professionals who can identify and diminish health care disparities. Transgender persons represent one of the most underrepresented and underserved communities within the modern health care system, yet very little information is available for training future pharmacists to care for the transgender community. A literature search using the MeSH terms transgender persons or trans-sexualism and pharmacy education was conducted, and it revealed 1 article published by Parkhill and colleagues in the American Journal of Pharmacy Education. A Google® search of the phrase “transgender education in pharmacy school” was conducted and produced 1 additional published article as well as an online transgender education program launched in November 2016. The following commentary outlines the current literature and practices that involve integration of transgender health education into pharmacy schools in North America and a discussion on areas for future study.
Dynamic topography and lithospheric stresses since 400 Ma
Authors: Greff‐Lefftz Marianne , Robert Boris , Besse Jean , Frizon de Lamotte Dominique , Vicente de Gouveia Sophie 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe present a global model of dynamic topography and lithospheric stresses for the last 400 Ma. Our starting point is a simple geodynamic model combining both contributions of subducted lithosphere and long‐wavelength upwellings in a reference frame linked to the fixed African plate. A dominant feature of plate tectonics is the quasi permanence of a girdle of subductions around the Pacific Ocean (or its ancestor), which creates large‐wavelength positive topography anomaly within the ring they form. The superimposition of the resultant extension with the one induced by the dome leads to a permanent extensional regime over Africa and the future Indian ocean which creates faults with azimuth directions depending on the direction of the most active part of the ring of subductions. We thus obtain fractures with NW‐SE azimuth during the period 275–165 Ma parallel to the strike of the subduction zone of the West South American active margin, which appears to be very active during this period. Between 155 and 95 Ma, subduction became more active along the Eastern Australian coast involving a change in the direction of the faults toward an E‐W direction, in agreement with the observed fault systems between Africa and India, Antartica and Australia. During the Mesozoic and the Cenozoic, we correlate the permanent extensional regime over Africa and Indian Ocean with the observed rift systems. Finally we emphasize the role of three primary hotspots as local additional contributors to the stress field imposed by our proposed subduction‐doming system, which help in the opening of Indian and South Atlantic Oceans.
A matter of perception: Perceived socio‐economic status and cortisol on the island of Utila, Honduras
Authors: García Angela R. , Gurven Michael , Blackwell Aaron D. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectivesNumerous studies link low objective and subjective socioeconomic status (SES) to chronic activation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis. Here, we examine associations between objective and subjective SES and diurnal salivary cortisol, a primary HPA component, as well as demographic and ecological predictors associated with SES perceptions and changes in diurnal cortisol.METHODSParticipants were residents (age 18–79,n = 61) of Utila, a Honduran island where economic disparities are overt and geographically contained. Objective SES was measured as a composite of income, education, and occupation. Subjective SES was measured with a MacArthur ladder and a perceived lifestyle discrepancy (PLD) scale. Salivary cortisol was collected three times per day for two days. Questions addressing demographic, social, and household characteristics were assessed as predictors of PLD.RESULTSAssessed independently, objective SES (P = .06) and PLD (P = .003) were associated with the steepness of diurnal cortisol changes, while PLD was also associated with higher cortisol area under the curve (AUC) (P = .036). Modeled together, only PLD predicted diurnal slope and AUC. PLD was associated with household sanitation, immigration status, food scarcity, objective SES, and owing money. Only access to sanitation and owing money had direct associations with cortisol that were not mediated by PLD.CONCLUSIONSFor adults on Utila, perceptions of unmet need outweigh other social and economic status factors in predicting cortisol AUC and slope. In addition, the unmediated effects of access to sanitation and owing money on cortisol suggest that these distinct aspects of inequality are important to consider when seeking to understand how inequality can impact HPA function.
Research of the Mode Instability Threshold in High Power Double Cladding Yb‐doped Fiber Amplifiers
Authors: Wang Yanshan , Liu Qinyong , Ma Yi , Sun Yinhong , Peng Wanjing , Ke Weiwei , Wang Xiaojun , Tang Chun 
Published: July 2017

We experimentally investigate the behavior of the mode instability (MI) threshold in the double cladding Yb‐doped fiber amplifier when the amplifier is pumped by broad linewidth laser diodes and narrow linewidth laser diodes respectively. It is found that the MI threshold increases by 26% when the amplifier is pumped by the broad linewidth laser diodes. Experiment results show that the MI threshold is affected by the local heat load rather than the average or the total heat load. The calculation shows that the local heat deposit actually plays the key role to stimulate the MI behaviour. At the MI threshold position in the fiber, the local heat deposit also changes dramatically. The effect of the thermal conductivity on the MI threshold is also studied. Our investigation shows that the MI threshold increases from 1269 W to 1950 W when the thermal conductivity of the fiber amplifier is increased from 0.3 to 5 . Through optimizing the pump linewidth and the cooling efficiency of the gain fiber, the MI threshold is doubled in our experiment.
Quantitative und qualitative Analyse dreier Klassen von Schwefelverbindungen in Erdöl
Authors: Vetere Alessandro , Pröfrock Daniel , Schrader Wolfgang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDie Verbrennung schwefelhaltiger Treibstoffe führt zu Umweltproblemen. Deshalb gelten strenge Bestimmungen, die den Schwefelgehalt von Treibstoffen auf wenige ppm begrenzen. Angesichts der Verringerung schwefelarmer Erdölquellen werden immer größere technische Anstrengungen nötig, diese Bestimmungen einzuhalten. Die Entschwefelung ist ein kritischer Teil im Rahmen des Raffinierungsprozesses, welcher jedoch nicht vollständig verläuft und der angesichts der Komplexität der vielen verschiedenen Stoffklassen auch nicht völlig verstanden ist. Wir stellen hier einen neuen Ansatz vor, um drei Klassen von Schwefelverbindungen in Erdöl mithilfe einer LC‐Trennung und Detektion per ICP‐MS/MS zu quantifizieren. Diese neue, einfache Methode sollte helfen, den Anteil schwer entschwefelbarer Verbindungen abzuschätzen und so den Entschwefelungsprozess zu optimieren.
Hybrid TiO2–Ruthenium Nano‐photosensitizer Synergistically Produces Reactive Oxygen Species in both Hypoxic and Normoxic Conditions
Authors: Gilson Rebecca C. , Black Kvar C. L. , Lane Daniel D. , Achilefu Samuel 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is widely used to treat diverse diseases, but its dependence on oxygen to produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) diminishes the therapeutic effect in a hypoxic environment, such as solid tumors. Herein, we developed a ROS‐producing hybrid nanoparticle‐based photosensitizer capable of maintaining high levels of ROS under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Conjugation of a ruthenium complex (N3) to a TiO2 nanoparticle afforded TiO2‐N3. Upon exposure of TiO2‐N3 to light, the N3 injected electrons into TiO2 to produce three‐ and four‐fold more hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, than TiO2 at 160 mmHg. TiO2‐N3 maintained three‐fold higher hydroxyl radicals than TiO2 under hypoxic conditions via N3‐facilitated electron–hole reduction of adsorbed water molecules. The incorporation of N3 transformed TiO2 from a dual type I and II PDT agent to a predominantly type I photosensitizer, irrespective of the oxygen content.
The selfie and the intolerable gaze of the Other
Authors: Uzlaner Dmitry 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis essay investigates the phenomenon of the selfie. The author is interested in what this phenomenon is able to say about the human subject and its constitution. Jacques Lacan's theory of the subject is used as a fulcrum to investigate, in particular, his reflections on the gaze and the role it plays in the process of constituting human subjectivity. The author takes one specific “mirror selfie” and consistently examines various aspects of the gaze in relation to it: the gaze as it constitutes the identity of the subject; the ideological dimension of the gaze and “ideological visual interpellation”; the gaze as the object‐cause of desire; the unbearable inevitability of the gaze; and the monstrous Real dimension of the gaze. The author concludes that new technology, in particular, the new possibilities for self‐representation they provide, do not distort the nature of man, but on the contrary only more clearly reveal it.
Neue Durchstanz‐ und Verbundbewehrung mit L‐Blechen
Authors: Günther Gerd , Cramer Jörg 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn dem Aufsatz wird das CLIXS®‐Durchstanz‐ und ‐Verbundbewehrungssystem beschrieben. Das System besteht aus einer Kombination aus gestanzten und abgekanteten Spezial‐Stahlblechen mit eingehängten Bügeln aus herkömmlichem Betonstahl.Die beschriebenen Bauteilversuche zum Tragverhalten der Durchstanz‐ und Verbundbewehrung führten zur Erteilung der nationalen Zulassung auf der Grundlage des Bemessungskonzepts des Eurocodes. Die Nachweisführung in Anlehnung an den Eurocode wird dargestellt. Anhand eines Bemessungsbeispiels findet die praxisnahe Erläuterung des gesamten Bemessungsablaufs statt.
Intracellular characterization of Gag VLP production by transient transfection of HEK 293 cells
Authors: Cervera Laura , González‐Domínguez Irene , Segura María Mercedes , Gòdia Francesc 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTTransient transfection is a fast, flexible, and cost‐effective approach to produce biological products. Despite the continued interest in transient transfection, little is known regarding the transfection process at the intracellular level, particularly for complex products, such as virus‐like particles (VLPs). The kinetics of PEI‐mediated transfection following an established in‐house protocol is reported in this work with the aim of characterizing and understanding the complete process leading to VLP generation and identifying important events driving process improvement. For this purpose, DNA/PEI polyplexes’ internalization in cells was tracked using Cy3 DNA staining. The production of a fluorescently labeled Gag polyprotein (a Gag‐GFP fusion construct that forms fluorescent Gag‐VLPs) was monitored by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, and the VLP concentration in supernatants was measured by fluorometry. DNA/PEI polyplexes interact with the cell membrane immediately after polyplex addition to the cell culture. A linear increase in the number of cells expressing the protein is observed during the first 60 min of contact between the cells and polyplexes. No additional improvement in the number of cells expressing the protein (up to 60%) or VLP production (up to 1 × 1010 VLPs/mL) is observed with additional contact time between the cells and polyplexes. Polyplexes can be detected in the cytoplasm of transfected cells as early as 1.5 h post‐transfection (hpt) and reach the nucleus approximately 4 hpt. GFP fluorescence is observed homogeneously in the cytoplasm of transfected cells 24 hpt, but generalized VLP budding is not observed by microscopy until 48 hpt. Although all cells have internalized a polyplex soon after transfection, only a fraction of cells (60%) express the fluorescent Gag protein. VLP production kinetics was also studied. Fluorescence in the supernatant (enveloped VLPs) is 40% less than total fluorescence, supernatant plus pellet (total Gag‐GFP), indicating that there is a fraction of Gag that remains inside the cells. The maximum VLP concentration in the cell culture supernatant with cell viability >89% was observed at 72 hpt, which was determined to be the optimal harvest time. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 2507–2517. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.