bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A - 1 Informant Report of Practical Judgment Is Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Measures of Brain Structure in a Nondemented Sample of Older Adults
Authors: Nester Caroline O , Heller-Wight Abi , Ellis David , Quinn Crystal G , Sergeyev Nicole , Pare Nadia , Warren David , Rabin Laura A 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
Given the potential risks associated with compromised judgment in older adulthood, we examined whether informant-reported practical judgment abilities were associated with cognitive impairment and measures of brain structure.

Method
97 community-dwelling older adults with informants (Mage = 74.64 ± 7.42, Medu = 15.76 ± 2.42, 74%female, 92%white) underwent neuropsychological evaluation, including the Test of Practical Judgment-Informant (TOP-J-INF), a 15-item informant-reported scale of judgment ability. Participants were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 33) or as neuropsychologically unimpaired (n = 64). Participants completed an MRI study including T1-weighted image processed with FreeSurfer software (v 6.0.0) to obtain estimates of gray matter volume and cortical thickness (parcellated with the Desikan-Killiany atlas). Logistic and linear models analyzed the association of TOP-J-INF with MCI diagnosis and brain volume/thickness (in separate models). To better support the exploratory nature of this analysis of associations with structural brain variables, we did not apply correction for multiple comparisons.

Results
Each additional point on the TOP-J-INF increased the odds of MCI diagnosis by 16.8% (OR = 1.168, p = 0.004). Worse judgment was associated with reduced brain volume in the right parahippocampal gyrus (β = −11.688, p = 0.032), superior temporal gyrus (β = −51.330, p = 0.040), rostral anterior cingulate cortex (β = −25.704, p = 0.004); and reduced thickness of the left transverse temporal gyrus (β = −0.010, p = 0.041).

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the relationship between informant report of judgment and measures of brain structure, providing support that informant concerns about a loved one’s compromised judgment is associated with volume/thickness reduction in key brain regions. Assessing practical judgment abilities via informants could provide critical clinical information when working with vulnerable older individuals.
A - 3 The Relationship between Memory and Depression In an Elderly Chinese Cohort: a Baseline Analysis
Authors: Li Jessie T , Schwartz Eliezer , Michael Paul 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
Explore the relationship between depression and memory aged 60 years and older while controlling for age, gender, and education.

Method
This study utilized data from the Characterization of Dementia in Asian-Pacific Islanders study by Bruce Miller, M.D., and Howie Rosen, M.D., at the Memory and Aging Center at UCSF. Inclusion criteria included participants age 60+ who completed the Benson Figure Test, GDS-30, and the Chinese Version Verbal Learning Test (CVVLT) in English, Cantonese, or Mandarin. Exclusion criteria included participants under age 60 and or experience history of neurological strokes or injuries, and disabilities related to memory. The final sample yielded 136 participants, including 41 (30.1%) males, 95 (69.9%) females, 120 (88.2%) right-handed, 3 (2.2%) left-handed, and 7 (5.1%) ambidextrous. Average age of participants was 71.46 (SD = 7.26). A memory composite score was computed based on average of performances on the Benson Figure Task delay and the CVVLT 10-minute delay. Raw GDS-30 scores represented depression.

Results
There was a weak positive correlation between memory composite scores, gender, and education, and a weak negative correlation between memory composite scores, age, and GDS-30 scores.

Conclusions
Findings indicate some evidence for a relationship between depression and memory in elderly Chinese populations. However, the sample was skewed, and consisted of less depressed and higher memory functioning participants. Despite these limitations, it is pertinent to explore how healthcare providers may outreach to this population to monitor risk factors, improve timeliness of dementia diagnosis, and maximize treatment of reversible causes, adherence to treatment plans, and help families care plan.
A - 4 The Potential Applications of Software Supporting the Early Detection of Cognitive Disorders and Dementia in Diagnostics and Prevention
Authors: Gelencsér Zoltán , Simonová Erika , Sátori Mária , Varga László 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
In Hungary, the process of diagnosing dementia is slow and time-consuming. Currently, there are no well-developed systems and strategies at the local level for screening, and there is no artificial intelligence algorithm that could determine early signs of dementia based on the patient’s digital behavioral patterns.

Methods
Two PILOTs were conducted using the PreDem platform. Over the PILOTs’ duration (2021.09.01.-2024.04.09), 61,902 test data were analyzed. The 259 participants completed SDMT-type tests, Stroop tests, and memory/word games.

Results
We established a unified system for task evaluation, facilitating cross-test result comparisons. Participants (n = 43,902) were grouped into three categories: 1st - presumed dementia patients (13,932), 2nd - diagnosed MS patients (16,175), and 3rd - presumably normal population (13,795). Comparing the first two groups to the normal population revealed significant differences, vividly illustrated by density functions. A key finding is the substantial improvement in individuals dealing with memory disorders and forgetfulness through regular cognitive game performance.

Conclusion
Study results reveal the PreDem platform’s potential as a valuable tool for early dementia detection and prevention. Combining cognitive tests and artificial intelligence, the platform can successfully identify early signs of dementia and cognitive impairment (90% accuracy), potentially leading to early diagnosis, treatment, and improved quality of life for patients and families.
A - 5 Longitudinal Analysis of Protective Factors on Cognition Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Eversole Kara , Garvan Cynthia , Price Catherine , Tanner Jared 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
To examine cognitive and brain resilience factors on older adult cognition following total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods
Participants were recruited through orthopedic clinics and screened for eligibility (i.e., age &gt; 60 years, English as first language, diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis, intact activities of daily living). Data were collected before surgery, three weeks, three months, and one-year post-TKA (N = 67; mean(SD) age = 69.49(7.09) years; mean(SD) education = 15.62(2.83) years; 51% female; 90% non-Hispanic White (NHW), 10% non-Hispanic Black. Participants received baseline magnetic resonance imaging (3 T Siemens Verio). Magnetization-prepared rapid gradient-echo images were preprocessed. Machine learning predicted brain age (DeepBrainNet) was calculated for each participant. Linear mixed effects models examined longitudinal effects of word reading (Wide Range Achievement Test-III (WRAT-III)), brain age gap (predicted brain age minus chronological age), sex, ethnicity/race, pain interference (Brief Pain Inventory), and depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II) on cognitive composites (i.e., memory, working memory/inhibition, reasoning, processing speed, language).

Results
Memory, working memory/inhibition, reasoning, and processing speed had curvilinear trajectories (p’s &lt; 0.05), declining post-TKA and subsequently returning to baseline. Word reading positively associated with memory (β = 0.065, SE = 0.016, p &lt; 0.001), working memory/inhibition (β = 0.069, SE = 0.016, p &lt; 0.001), reasoning (β = 0.099, SE = 0.021, p &lt; 0.001), and processing speed (β = 0.050, SE = 0.015, p &lt; 0.01). Language negatively associated with BAG (β = −0.041, SE = 0.017, p &lt; 0.05). Women had higher processing speed (β = −0.285, SE = 0.135, p &lt; 0.05), and NHW participants had higher memory (β = 0.479, SE = 0.224, p &lt; 0.05). When pain interference was higher, processing speed (β = −0.003, SE = 0.002, p &lt; 0.05) and language (β = −0.007, SE = 0.002, p &lt; 0.01) were lower.

Conclusions
Cognitive and brain resilience measures may identify individuals protected against cognitive dysfunction post-surgically. Future research increasing representation in underrepresented groups is warranted.
A - 7 An Examination of the Predictive Roles of Healthy Literacy and Age in Online and Print Health Information Search Performance among Older Adults
Authors: Rahman Samina , Schmitter-Edgecombe Maureen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
As older adults increasingly seek health information online, evaluating complex technology-based everyday behaviors is important. This study examined the predictive roles of health literacy and age in health information search accuracy across online and print sources.

Methods
Participants were 96 community-dwelling older adults (age: M = 70.09, SD = 8.69; education: M = 16.57, SD = 2.14; 75% female; 96.88% White). Participants completed the Newest Vital Sign, a health literacy measure that required participants to interpret verbal and numerical information on a nutrition label, and a health search task (HST), which examined the ability to navigate web and print sources to search for health information.

Results
A multiple regression was conducted in which HST accuracy was regressed onto health literacy and age for web and print subtasks separately. Cognitive status (MoCA total score) was a covariate. Although health literacy was not a significant predictor of HST accuracy, age was a significant predictor for the web-based subtask, β = −0.29, b = −0.05, SEb = 0.02, 95% CI [−0.08, −0.02], t(92) = −2.94, p = 0.004, and cognitive status for the print-based subtask, β = 0.36, b = 0.18, SEb = 0.05, 95% CI [0.08, −0.28], t(92) = 3.50, p = 0.001.

Conclusions
Compared to health literacy, age and cognitive status were stronger predictors of health information search performance across online and print sources in community-dwelling older adults. Future studies should consider the impact of age and comfort with technology in examining older adults’ ability to successfully navigate online health sources.
A - 8 Tailored Education for Aging and Cognitive Health [TEACH]: Refining a Framework for Disclosing Personal Dementia Risk Information to Middle-Aged Adults
Authors: De La Roca Angelica , Korthauer Laura , Davis Jennifer , Rosen Rochelle , Tremont Geoffrey N , Arias Idania 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
To refine an explanatory framework for tailored education about dementia risk factors and personal health beliefs that are mediators of health behavior change, as part of a larger project to develop a multi-domain behavioral health intervention for dementia prevention in midlife.

Methods
We conducted a personal health assessment of modifiable dementia risk factors (Livingston et al, 2020) and health belief concepts from Science of Behavior Change Research Network (e.g., future time perspective, self-efficacy, deferment of gratification). Participants’ personalized data were presented to them individually followed by a semi-structured interview using a phenomenographic approach. Participant comments were summarized using applied thematic analysis; the most representative statements, trends, and differences were identified.

Results
We conducted 11 individual interviews (aged 49–69, 45% women, 100% non-Hispanic white). Participants found the experience of learning their personal dementia risk to be unsurprising and occasionally consoling. Participants demonstrated good understanding of health belief concepts, and they were able to draw connections between their health beliefs and engagement in brain health-relevant behaviors. Most participants agreed the information was clear and the visual aids were effective in displaying personal risk. There was not a clear preference between the presentation of health beliefs either by individuals strengths and weaknesses versus grouping them conceptually.

Conclusions
Using qualitative data from individual interviews, we refined an explanatory framework for disclosing middle-aged adults’ health beliefs and dementia risk. We will use these qualitative data to develop a personalized health education intervention and compare it to a basic health education program in a randomized controlled trial.
A - 14 Sleep and Tauopathies: a Review
Authors: Thompson Jennifer L , Lambert Sophia C , Tucker Jacob D , Gray Amber , Ahmed Fayeza S 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
This project highlights a narrative review investigating the relation between sleep and tauopathies (a disease which reflects the pathological changes in the brain’s tau protein). Tauopathies are often associated with aging disorders and causes of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease. Sleep is a behavioral modifiable risk factor that has been implicated in many of these disorders, but the process, relationship, and mechanisms remain largely unknown. Understanding relationships between behaviors and disease pathology is crucial to furthering our understanding of causes of disorders, as there are no known cures for neurodegenerative tauopathies.

Data Selection
This review was registered with Prospero, a database of potential systematic reviews, and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. The search took place between August and November 2023. Databases included PubMed, APA PsycInfo, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library. Key words included “sleep,” “tau,” and “dementia.” Study requirements included a measure of sleep and tau, and a human sample that had been diagnosed with a tauopathy.

Data Synthesis
The search yielded 319 unique results. A three-person team independently reviewed titles for relativity and inclusion first, then reviewed abstracts to determine eligibility. A total of 22 papers were found to meet review criteria.

Conclusion
A majority of studies (n = 21) found correlations between impaired sleep and increased tau pathology. A subset analysis that reviewed studies with neuropsychological testing (n = 6) found increased cognitive impairment with poorer sleep and increased tau pathology. There is a continued need for longitudinal studies to understand the impacts of lifestyle behaviors on pathology development.
A - 15 Convergent Validity between Standard Neuropsychological Assessment and Web-Based Voice-Recognition Neuropsychological Assessment (Intraneuron)
Authors: Alasantro Lori , Sadoff Madeline , Nason Alexandra , Kaup Allison , Rosen Jay , Vignisson Vidar , Sahagian Gregory 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains high, and often cases may go undetected. The gold standard for detection of cognitive decline is neuropsychological assessment. However, access to neuropsychological assessment can be impacted by geographic and financial limitations. Prior research has determined that electronic-based testing is effective in detecting cognitive change. This study aimed to investigate a convergent validity between standard neuropsychological assessment (SNA) and a web-based, voice-recognition neuropsychological assessment tool (Intraneuron).

Method
75 participants from a community-based neurology practice completed SNA and Intraneuron. Intraneuron is comprised of an auditory list learning/recall test and verbal fluency tests (F/A/S, animals). Pearson correlations were conducted to examine the convergent validity between SNA and Intraneuron. A McNemar cross tabulation analysis was utilized to compare the proportions of detected “normal” and “abnormal” screening for SNA (based on clinical diagnosis) and Intraneuron (utilizing 1SD and 1.5SD below the mean as cutoffs).

Results
There were moderate, positive correlations between the SNA and Intraneuron: animals (r = 0.43, p &lt; 0.001), F/A/S (r = 0.67, p &lt; 0.001), delayed word list recall (r = 0.49, p &lt; 0.001). The McNemar test showed that the classification between SNA and Intraneuron were similar at 1SD and 1.5SD.

Conclusions
The study demonstrated convergent validity SNA and Intraneuron. Results suggest that the Intraneuron is equivalent in the detection of early cognitive decline compared to SNA. This data provides support for the value of a web-based screening tool and the potential to maximize utilization across multiple settings and improve early detection of cognitive decline.
A - 17 Effects of Bilingualism on Symptom Duration before Diagnosis of MCI
Authors: Barboza Vanesa Bedregal , Jiang Yirou , Peery Shelley 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
While some studies (e.g., Bialystok et al., 2014; Brini et al., 2020) have identified a bilingual advantage in delaying age of onset for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) (4.7 years) relative to monolingual individuals, inconsistencies have been attributed to immigration status and level of education, among others. The present study investigated the role of bilingualism on the age of MCI onset, symptom duration before diagnosis, and age at time of diagnosis MCI.

Method
Data from an outpatient neuropsychological clinic registry were examined for MCI. 177 adults ages 39–92 (monolingual = 121, bilingual = 56) were identified. Participants with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), acute psychosis, or dementia were excluded.

Results
Independent t-test showed monolingual individuals had significantly shorter duration of symptoms until diagnosis (32 months) than bilingual individuals (41 months; t (175) = −1.714, p = 0.044) despite the fact that there was no significant difference between monolingual and bilingual participants on age of symptom onset (t (175) = −0.033, p = 0.487) or age at diagnosis (t (175) = −0.456, p = 0.324). Years of education was not significant.

Conclusion
Bilingual patients had a longer course of symptoms before MCI diagnoses, providing support that bilingualism may aid in the preservation of cognitive function despite disease related progression associated with MCI. More detailed analysis accounting for quality of education, access to health care, socioeconomic status, immigration status, etc., is necessary to examine the complexity associated with bilingualism that may underlie the controversy around the bilingual advantage.
A - 19 Exploring White Matter Correlates of Fluid Cognitive Functioning in those 85+
Authors: Carter Emily E 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
In individuals aged 85+, maintenance of white matter integrity (WMI) is crucial for maintaining communication between brain regions. White matter hyperintensities (WMH), common in aging, are linked with reduced cognitive function. While fluid cognitive functions typically decline with aging, some oldest older adults maintain performance akin to much younger individuals.

Methods
We examined the relationship between WMI, WMH, and fluid cognitive functioning in individuals aged 85+. WMI and WMH were assessed using two types of MRI imaging and fluid and crystallized cognitive performance were measured using the NIH Toolbox. Cognitive metrics were compared to WMI and WMH.

Results
Age significantly predicted fluid cognition (β = 0.49, p &lt; 0.05, R^2 = 0.25, p &lt; 0.01). Incorporating white matter measures improved prediction. Notably, cingulate gyrus FA and uncinate fasciculus FA significantly contributed to explained variance (ΔR^2 = 0.12, p &lt; 0.01; ΔR^2 = 0.17, p &lt; 0.01). Splenium corpus callosum MD and fornix column body ad were also significant predictors (ΔR^2 = 0.23, p &lt; 0.01; ΔR^2 = 0.18, p &lt; 0.01).n.

Conclusion
This study shows the significant impact of age and regional WMI on fluid cognitive function. Age did predict fluid cognition, and consideration of the white matter integrity of the cingulate gyrus and uncinate fasciculus integrity enhanced this association. Further, the integrity of the splenium of the corpus callosum and fornix also played crucial roles. These findings highlight the importance of preservation of white matter health for cognitive well-being in older adults 85 + .
A - 22 Effects of Gender on the Relationship between Coping Styles and Executive Functioning in Alcohol Use Disorders
Authors: Thomas Lexie , McCalley Dan , Padula Claudia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
Executive functioning (EF) and coping styles are important factors likely to influence risk and resilience to relapse following Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) treatment. This study aims to evaluate EF and coping as independent predictors of relapse and the interplay between these two constructs by treatment outcome group and gender differences.

Methods
23 females and 59 males in AUD residential treatment programs completed self-report questionnaires, a neuropsychological battery, and were followed for six months to determine treatment outcome. A logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate coping (Brief COPE Inventory) and EF (Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System, Color-Word Interference Test, CWIT; inhibition and switching conditions) variables as predictors of relapse status. Significant predictors were evaluated by group status and gender to understand the association between coping and EF using Pearson correlation within each group.

Results
Gender (B = 8.6, p = 0.032), two coping (self-distraction (B = 2.3, p = 0.051) and humor (B = 1.9, p = 0.051)) and two EF (CWIT inhibition (B = 0.5, p = 0.007) and CWIT switching (B = 1.9, p = 0.006)) variables resulted in 85.4% overall classification accuracy. Correlations between these coping and EF, when evaluated by treatment group and gender, revealed significant gender-specific associations only among the relapse groups: self-distraction and CWIT inhibition (r = 0.379) in females and humor and CWIT inhibition (r = 0.242) in males.

Conclusion
Overall, EF and coping styles have independent predictive value for determining relapse risk in individuals with AUD. Poor EF skills may inhibit an individual’s ability to engage in appropriate coping during times of emotional distress. Understanding gender differences in relation to these dynamic relationships is essential for creating supportive and effective psychosocial interventions.