bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixtures of Anionic/Cationic Surfactants: A New Approach for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Low-Salinity, High-Temperature Sandstone Reservoir
Authors: Li Yingcheng , Zhang Weidong , Kong Bailing , Puerto Maura , Bao Xinning , Sha Ou , Shen Zhiqin , Yang Yiqing , Liu Yanhua , Gu Songyuan , Miller Clarence , Hirasaki George J. 
Published: January 2016

Summary
Test results indicate that a lipophilic surfactant can be designed by mixing both hydrophilic anionic and cationic surfactants, which broaden the design of novel surfactant methodology and application scope for conventional chemical enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) methods. These mixtures produced ultralow critical micelle concentrations (CMCs), ultralow interfacial tension (IFT), and high oil solubilization that promote high tertiary oil recovery.
Mixtures of anionic and cationic surfactants with molar excess of anionic surfactant for EOR applications in sandstone reservoirs are described in this study. Physical chemistry properties, such as surface tension, CMC, surface excess, and area per molecule of individual surfactants and their mixtures, were measured by the Wilhelmy (1863) plate method. Morphologies of surfactant solutions, both surfactant/polymer (SP) and alkaline/surfactant/polymer (ASP), were studied by cryogenic-transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM). Phase behaviors were recorded by visual inspection including crossed polarizers at different surfactant concentrations and different temperatures. IFTs between normal octane, crude oil, and surfactant solution were measured by the spinning-drop-tensiometer method. Properties of IFT, viscosity, and thermal stability of surfactant, SP, and ASP solutions were also tested. Static adsorption on sandstone was measured at reservoir temperature. IFT was measured before and after multiple contact adsorptions to recognize the influence of adsorption on interfacial properties. Forced displacements were conducted by flooding with water, SP, and ASP. The coreflooding experiments were conducted with synthetic brine with approximately 5,000 ppm of total dissolved solids (TDS), and with a crude oil from a Sinopec reservoir.
A Separate-Phase Drag Model and a Surrogate Approximation for Simulation of the Steam-Assisted-Gravity-Drainage Process
Authors: Padrino Juan C. , Ma Xia , VanderHeyden W. Brian , Zhang Duan Z. 
Published: January 2016

Summary
General, ensemble phase-averaged equations for multiphase flows were specialized for the simulation of the steam-assisted-gravity-drainage (SAGD) process. In the average momentum equation, fluid/solid and fluid/fluid viscous interactions are represented by separate force terms. This equation has a form similar to that of Darcy's law for multiphase flow but augmented by the fluid/fluid viscous forces. Models for these fluid/fluid interactions are suggested and implemented into the numerical code CartaBlanca. Numerical results indicate that the model captures the main features of the multiphase flow in the SAGD process, but the detailed features, such as plumes, are missed. We find that viscous coupling among the fluid phases is important.
Advection time scales for the different fluids differ by several orders of magnitude because of vast viscosity differences. Numerically resolving all these time scales is time consuming. To address this problem, we introduce a steam-surrogate approximation to increase the steam-advection time scale, while keeping the mass and energy fluxes well-approximated. This approximation leads to approximately a 40-fold speedup in execution speed of the numerical calculations at the cost of a few percentage errors in the relevant quantities.
Analytical Solutions and Derivation of Relative Permeabilities for Water-Heavy Oil Displacement and Gas-Heavy Oil Gravity Drainage Under Non-Isothermal Conditions
Authors: Argüelles-Vivas F. J. , Babadagli T.. 
Published: January 2016

Summary
Analytical models were developed for non-isothermal gas/heavy-oil gravity drainage and water-heavy oil displacements in round capillary tubes including the effects of a temperature gradient throughout the system. By use of the model solution for a bundle of capillaries, relative permeability curves were generated at different temperature conditions.
The results showed that water/gas-heavy oil interface location, oil-drainage velocity, and production rate depend on the change of oil properties with temperature. The displacement of heavy oil by water or gas was accelerated under a positive temperature gradient, including the spontaneous imbibition of water. Relative permeability curves were greatly affected by temperature gradient and showed significant changes compared with the curves at constant temperature. Clarifications were made as to the effect of variable temperature compared with the constant (but high) temperatures throughout the bundle of capillaries.
CTL-Promoting Effects of IL-21 Counteract Murine Lupus in the Parent→F1 Graft-versus-Host Disease Model
Authors: Nguyen Vinh , Rus Horea , Chen Ching , Rus Violeta 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
IL-21 promotes B cell and CTL responses in vivo, conferring IL-21 with a role in both humoral and cellular responses. Because CTL can target and eliminate autoreactive B cells, we investigated whether IL-21R signaling in CD8 T cells would alter the expansion of autoreactive B cells in an autoimmune setting. We addressed this question using the parent→F1 murine model of acute and chronic (lupus-like) graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) as models of a CTL-mediated or T-dependent B cell–mediated response, respectively. Induction of acute GVHD using IL-21R–deficient donor T cells resulted in decreased peak donor CD8 T cell numbers and decreased CTL effector function due to impaired granzyme B/perforin and Fas/Fas ligand pathways and a phenotype of low-intensity chronic GVHD with persistent host B cells, autoantibody production, and mild lupus-like renal disease. CTL effector maturation was critically dependent on IL-21R signaling in Ag-specific donor CD8, but not CD4, T cells. Conversely, treatment of DBA/2J→F1 chronic GVHD mice with IL-21 strongly promoted donor CD8 T cell expansion and rescued defective donor anti-host CTLs, resulting in host B cell elimination, decreased autoantibody levels, and attenuated renal disease, despite evidence of concurrently enhanced CD4 help for B cells and heightened B cell activation. These results demonstrate that, in the setting of lupus-like CD4 T cell–driven B cell hyperactivity, IL-21 signaling on Ag-specific donor CD8 T cells is critical for CTL effector maturation, whereas a lack of IL-21R downregulates CTL responses that would otherwise limit B cell hyperactivity and autoantibody production.
Central-European Jesuit Scientists in China, and Their Impact on Chinese Science
Authors: JUŽNIČ Stanislav Jože 
Published: January 2016

This article describes nine Central European Jesuits from the Austrian province who embarked for China in the 17th and 18th centuries. Their European educational networks provide useful insights into the abilities of the absburg Monarchy to meet Chinese Imperial demands. The focus is on feedback of their adopted Chinese network back to their own homes. The Europeans and Chinese-based Jesuits exchanged instruments, books, artifacts, and letters. The exception was Johannes Grueber, who personally traveled back to Europe accompanied by Diestel from Carniola, and helped Athanasius Kircher to produce the appealing legend of Jesuit astronomical heroes in Beijing.The Jesuits acted as intermediate in the exchange of know-how between Europe and China. In modern Chinese eyes they were also somewhat viewed as spies, who helped European military and economic victories in the mid-19th century. Modern China is now as strong as it was in the times of Old Jesuit Society, therefore the Europocentric history of science must be rewritten from the standpoint of today’s winning Chinese economy. What kind of science will Western Civilization import from the future Chinese literati? The Jesuits’ transfer of European Sciences to the Far-Easterners caused the reverse impact from seemingly less developed centers of Far East that was felt in Jesuits’ times, but much more is to follow in the near future. We could expect the fundamental future Chinese achievements in cosmology, especially in Einstein’s general theory of relativity.
Maxillary Molar Intrusion Evaluation using Mini-implants along with Transpalatal Arch Bar
Authors: Gupta Ashish , Gupta Gaurav , Rozario Joe E , Patil Anand K , Singh Raj Kumar 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTAimThe prospective clinical study was undertaken to evaluate the amount of maxillary molar intrusion achieved during orthodontic treatment using mini-implants along with transpalatal arch bar.Materials and MethodsThe treated group consisted of 10 subjects having over-erupted maxillary molars with mean age of 20.75 years. Mini-implants of 8 mm length and 1.3 mm diameter (Dentos-Absoanchor, Dentos Inc., Korea) were placed in the inter-radicular region between the second premolar and first molar on the buccal side where the molar intrusion was planned. Transpalatal arch bar was placed 5 mm away from the palate. Intrusive force of 100 to 150 gm was applied using prestretched elastic chain. Lateral cephalograms were taken before beginning of molar intrusion and 3 months after the molar intrusion. The intrusion was measured from the distobuccal cusp tip of maxillary first molar to the true vertical and rotation of the mandibular plane was assessed in relation to Go-Me and SN plane. The mean changes in the cephalometric parameters were subjected to paired t-test to determine results under statistical evaluation.ResultsStatistically significant (p < 0.001) amount of molar intrusion was achieved following the usage of mini-implant with a mean value of 1.95 mm and significant anti-clockwise rotation of the mandibular plane (Go-Me) in relation to SN plane (p < 0.001) was seen as a result of molar intrusion.ConclusionThe study revealed that mini-implant served as an efficient source of anchorage for achieving maxillary molar intrusion in correction of malocclusion in vertical dimensions.How to cite this articleGupta G, Rozario JE, Patil AK, Singh RK, Kannan S, Gupta A. Maxillary Molar Intrusion Evaluation using Mini-implants along with Transpalatal Arch Bar. J Contemp Dent 2015;5(3):158-164.
Foreign Body Giant Cell Granuloma of the Mandible Subsequent to Endodontic Surgery
Authors: Rai Harishchandra , Shaila M , Ghosh Gourav , Suhasini PD 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTGranuloma formation is a specific type of chronic inflammation initiated by infectious and noninfectious agents with an aggregation of multinucleated giant cells. Foreign body giant cells (FBGCs) most commonly observed at the tissue/material interface where the size of foreign particulate is too large to permit macrophage phagocytosis. In this context, adherent macrophages and FBGCs constitute the foreign body reaction. Foreign-body giant cell granulomas have been reported to cause clinical symptoms from months to decades after a surgical procedure and can present with a variety of symptoms, usually on the basis of location. Foreign-body giant cell granulomas in the mandible are rare lesions, here we report a case of FBGC granuloma in the mandible that developed after endodontic treatment.How to cite this articleRai H, Shaila M, Ghosh G, Suhasini PD. Foreign Body Giant Cell Granuloma of the Mandible Subsequent to Endodontic Surgery. J Contemp Dent 2015;5(3):178-180.
Scottish Utopian Fiction and the Invocation of God
Authors: Baker Timothy C. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Explicitly utopian novels are relatively uncommon in twentieth-century Scottish fiction, perhaps due to a prevailing conception of Scottish literature as inherently peripheral; for many critics and authors, Scotland is already a place outside the mainstream of political and historical narrative. Utopian themes and imagery, however, have frequently been used by Scottish writers to address the role of religious experience in contemporary life. In novels by Robin Jenkins, Neil M. Gunn, Alasdair Gray, and Iain M. Banks, the utopian form presents the possibility of abandoning traditional religious practices in favor of direct discourse with the divine. Even as they appear to repudiate organized religion, these novels also demonstrate the continued relevance of God and myth. Whether in outright science fiction such as Banks’s Culture series and portions of Gray’s “Lanark,” classical utopias such as Gunn’s “The Green Isle of the Great Deep,” or ostensibly realist novels such as Jenkins’s “The Missionaries,” utopian imagery is used to examine what role the divine might have in a secular society. These Scottish utopias offer a place to discuss the relationships between individuals, communities, and nations and how these relationships are reconstituted in a modernity where God is known only as absence.
Self-Objectification and the Use of Body Image Coping Strategies: The Role of Shame in Highly Physically Active Women
Authors: Bailey K. Alysse , Lamarch Larkin , Gammage Kimberley L. , Sullivan Philip J. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
We investigated the mediating role of body shame in the relationship between self-objectification and body image coping strategies in highly physically active university women. bivariate correlations revealed body shame was positively related to self- objectification, appearance fixing, and avoidance coping but unrelated to positive rational acceptance. in addition, self- objectification was positively related to appearance fixing and avoidance coping but unrelated to positive rational acceptance. Mediation analyses showed that body shame partially mediated the relationship between self-objectification and avoidance and appearance fixing coping but did not mediate the relationship between self-objectification and positive rational acceptance. future research should examine other potential mediators or moderators in this relationship and explore the role of positive body image framed within self-objectification theory.
La estructura del Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Social (AUSO)
Authors: Fernández-Zabala Arantza , Rodríguez-Fernández Arantzazu , Goñi Alfredo 
Published: January 2016

The aim of this study is to examine the factor structure of the Social Self-Concept Questionnaire (SSQ), newly, made up of two scales: social responsibility and social competence. A review of both theories of human social development as previous attempts to measure social self-concept a theoretical proposal that the social self is the conjunction of two basic self-perceptions was born: competence in social relationships and response to the demands of social functioning. Participated in research 818 students aged between 17 and 52 years. The results obtained by confirmatory factor analysis, endorse the hypothesized two interrelated factors structure. This work, in addition to providing a new measuring instrument with adequate psychometric characteristics and validity that justify its use both in practice as applied in the field of research, helps to better understand the inner nature of the social domain of the self-concept.
Le projet Dauphine : laisser la parole aux jeunes femmes de la rue et agir ensemble pour lutter contre la violence structurelle par l’entremise de la recherche-action participative1
Authors: Flynn Catherine , Damant Dominique , Lessard Geneviève 
Published: January 2016

Alors que l’intersectionnalité est devenue, selon l’expression employée par Kathy Davis, un véritable « buzzword » dans le champ des études féministes, plusieurs questionnements persistent quant à son utilisation pour valoriser la parole des femmes marginalisées et l’inclure dans les pratiques sociales. Les auteures présentent une recherche-action participative réalisée auprès d’un groupe de sept jeunes femmes de la rue de la région de Québec, sur le thème de la violence structurelle. Une analyse du processus, à partir des critères de scientificité de la recherche-action participative, montre la manière dont les participantes se sont engagées dans la réflexion sur leur expérience de la violence structurelle et dans l’expérimentation de stratégies pour la prévenir ou la surmonter ou encore y résister.
Depuis toujours intersectionnels : relecture des mouvements lesbiens à Montréal, de 1970 aux années 2000
Authors: Tremblay Manon , Podmore Julie 
Published: January 2016

Aujourd’hui, les multiples mouvements autonomes de lesbiennes des années 70 et 80 sont souvent dépeints comme univoques et homogènes sur le plan des idées et des pratiques. En proposant que les identités lesbiennes et leurs mouvements sont depuis toujours intersectionnels, les auteures ont pour objectif d’ébranler cette image. Leur examen des divers courants au sein du mouvement lesbien montréalais de 1970 aux années 2000 leur a permis de mettre au jour les complexités dont il se tisse, et ce, en privilégiant une approche intersectionnelle et « intracatégorielle ». Leur analyse révèle que le lesbianisme et le féminisme ont entretenu des rapports tantôt de complémentarité, tantôt de tension, cette ambiguïté se trouvant aussi parmi les lesbiennes au gré de la classe sociale, de la langue, de l’idéologie et de l’identité nationale. De portée préliminaire, le texte ainsi produit est une invitation à multiplier les travaux sur les mouvements lesbiens à Montréal, dans une perspective tant historique que contemporaine, en explorant d’autres marqueurs identitaires, dont l’âge, la région, l’appartenance culturelle et la religion.
Sexe et genre sous le bistouri (analytique) : interprétations féministes des transidentités
Authors: Baril Alexandre 
Published: January 2016

L’auteur analyse un axe identitaire sous-théorisé dans les approches féministes intersectionnelles francophones, soit l’identité de genre (cis/trans), pour favoriser les solidarités entre féministes et transactivistes. Son propos s’articule autour de la question suivante : quelles sont les différentes définitions féministes du sexe/genre et quelles implications politiques ont-elles pour penser les réalités trans? Pour y répondre, l’auteur propose une typologie de quatre paradigmes d’interprétation du sexe/genre. Après avoir présenté leurs caractéristiques, il montre leur influence sur les stratégies politiques mises en avant par les féministes qui s’en réclament. Puis il procède à une analyse des conséquences de l’adoption de ces paradigmes sur les alliances entre féministes et transactivistes. Si la thèse défendue est que le paradigme du constructivisme social subversif offre une conceptualisation plus positive des transidentités, l’auteur soutient cependant que les autres paradigmes ne peuvent être rejetés sans s’interroger préalablement sur leurs mobilisations, leurs transformations et leurs métissages par les militantes et les militants sur le terrain.
À ciel ouvert, de Nelly Arcan : petit traité de l’économie des relations hétérosexuelles blanches?
Authors: Côté Nicole 
Published: January 2016

Une analyse des oppositions structurantÀ ciel ouvertsous un angle intersectionnel met au jour une attitude paradoxale de Nelly Arcan, celle qui consiste à examiner à la loupe un sujet féminin qui reflète la tension entre un construit apparemment passif et mettant en oeuvre une agentivité réflexive; c’est cette tension qui différencie Arcan d’autres écrivaines blanches hétérosexuelles et qui permet de cerner, depuis le point de vue de ses protagonistes, la relation sujet-objet qui gouverne encore les relations hommes-femmes à l’intérieur même de la famille. Cependant, une catégorie absente du discours de la protagoniste et qui complique cette situation est celle de la « blanchitude », de ses présupposés et prérogatives tus. Une définition de cette blanchitude est proposée, de même que que les conséquences de cette blanchitude sur le point de vue de la protagoniste.
Le VIH/sida comme accident au cours d’une vie : lente découverte, gestion sociale et exclusion des femmes séropositives au Burkina Faso
Authors: Lingani Salfo , Korbéogo Gabin 
Published: January 2016

La maladie pousse les femmes à rechercher, à tâtons, divers soins. Cette quête errante a son cortège d’événements inattendus. Désillusionnées, les femmes découvrent leur séropositivité chez le professionnel ou la professionnelle de soins biomédicaux à l’issue d’un long trajet thérapeutique. La vie « normale » change alors de cours chez les femmes déclarées séropositives qui entrent dans un dispositif de traitement biomédical complexe. Le soignant ou la soignante préconise aux femmes un accès à la prise en charge biomédicale et le repérage d’une ou de personnes à qui se confier pour atténuer les effets sociaux à travers des stratégies de communication sur la séropositivité avec le milieu conjugal et familial.
L’inaction en tant que modalité de l’actus reus en droit criminel économique canadien
Authors: Naccarato Mario 
Published: January 2016

L’auteur étudie et analyse les solutions élaborées par la jurisprudence canadienne en matière de crimes économiques au sujet de la possibilité de déclarer un individu coupable d’une infraction à titre d’auteur réel et à titre de complice en raison de son comportement passif. La jurisprudence de droit pénal général a créé quatre catégories d’omissions qui peuvent engager la responsabilité criminelle. Dans son article, l’auteur propose d’ajouter une autre catégorie d’infractions, soit lorsque l’inaction d’une personne est susceptible d’engager sa responsabilité criminelle : c’est alors l’inaction contraire à une obligation d’agir en vertu du droit privé et en vertu des lois particulières.
Volonté interne et for intérieur : le silence et l’inaction en guise d’outils interprétatifs du contrat
Authors: Rainville Pierre 
Published: January 2016

Ni insondable ni impénétrable, le silence ne possède pas d’ambiguïté consubstantielle. À l’encontre de la thèse de son inexpressivité, le présent article dévoile la juridicité du silence au stade de l’interprétation du contrat. À défaut d’avoir été exprimée avec toute l’éloquence voulue au moment de la formation du contrat, la volonté contractuelle peut apparaître lors de sa phase d’exécution. La passivité possède, à cet égard, un vaste registre expressif (défaut de démenti, absence de protestation, inexécution prolongée, tardivité d’une réclamation…) de nature à seconder l’interprète du contrat. La teneur des obligations et les modalités du contrat peuvent se loger dans une attitude passive : par le jeu du non-dit, le contrat prend alors peu à peu forme. Fidèle au primat de la volonté interne des parties, la portée interprétative confiée au silence se destine à la compréhension intime de l’accord. Trois méthodes d’interprétation contractuelle se font soudainement complémentaires : la recherche subjective de la volonté, l’interprétation fondée sur la bonne foi et celle axée sur le respect des attentes légitimes des parties sont tour à tour interpellées et confortées par l’étude du silence du contractant.