bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MKK6 controls T3-mediated browning of white adipose tissue
Authors: Matesanz Nuria , Bernardo Edgar , Acín-Pérez Rebeca , Manieri Elisa , Pérez-Sieira Sonia , Hernández-Cosido Lourdes , Montalvo-Romeral Valle , Mora Alfonso , Rodríguez Elena , Leiva-Vega Luis , Lechuga-Vieco Ana Victoria , Ruiz-Cabello Jesús , Torres Jorge L. , Crespo-Ruiz Maria , Centeno Francisco , Álvarez Clara V. , Marcos Miguel , Enríquez Jose Antonio , Nogueiras Ruben , Sabio Guadalupe 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIncreasing the thermogenic capacity of adipose tissue to enhance organismal energy expenditure is considered a promising therapeutic strategy to combat obesity. Here, we report that expression of the p38 MAPK activator MKK6 is elevated in white adipose tissue of obese individuals. Using knockout animals and shRNA, we show that Mkk6 deletion increases energy expenditure and thermogenic capacity of white adipose tissue, protecting mice against diet-induced obesity and the development of diabetes. Deletion of Mkk6 increases T3-stimulated UC﻿P1 expression in adipocytes, thereby increasing their thermogenic capacity. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that, in white adipose tissue, p38 is activated by an alternative pathway involving AMPK, TAK, and TAB. Our results identify MKK6 in adipocytes as a potential therapeutic target to reduce obesity.
SHH signaling directed by two oral epithelium-specific enhancers controls tooth and oral development
Authors: Sagai Tomoko , Amano Takanori , Maeno Akiteru , Kiyonari Hiroshi , Seo Hyejin , Cho Sung-Won , Shiroishi Toshihiko 
Published: October 2017

AbstractInteraction between the epithelium and mesenchyme coordinates patterning and differentiation of oral cavity structures including teeth, palatal rugae and tongue papillae. SHH is one of the key signaling molecules for this interaction. Epithelial expression of Shh in the tooth buds and tongue papillae is regulated by at least two enhancers, MRCS1 and MFCS4. However, it is unclear how the two enhancers cooperate to regulate Shh. Here, we found that simultaneous deletion of MRCS1 and MFCS4 results in the formation of a supernumerary tooth in front of the first molar. Since deletion of either single enhancer barely affects tooth development, MRCS1 and MFCS4 evidently act in a redundant fashion. Binding motifs for WNT signaling mediators are shared by MRCS1 and MFCS4, and play a central role in regulating Shh expression, indicating that the two redundant enhancers additively exert their Shh regulation by responding to WNT signal input.
Operando Multi-modal Synchrotron Investigation for Structural and Chemical Evolution of Cupric Sulfide (CuS) Additive in Li-S battery
Authors: Sun Ke , Zhao Chonghang , Lin Cheng-Hung , Stavitski Eli , Williams Garth J. , Bai Jianming , Dooryhee Eric , Attenkofer Klaus , Thieme Juergen , Chen-Wiegart Yu-chen Karen , Gan Hong 
Published: October 2017

AbstractConductive metal sulfides are promising multi-functional additives for future lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. These can increase the sulfur cathode’s electrical conductivity to improve the battery’s power capability, as well as contribute to the overall cell-discharge capacity. This multi-functional electrode design showed initial promise; however, complicated interactions at the system level are accompanied by some detrimental side effects. The metal sulfide additives with a chemical conversion as the reaction mechanism, e.g., CuS and FeS2, can increase the theoretical capacity of the Li-S system. However, these additives may cause undesired parasitic reactions, such as the dissolution of the additive in the electrolyte. Studying such complex reactions presents a challenge because it requires experimental methods that can track the chemical and structural evolution of the system during an electrochemical process. To address the fundamental mechanisms in these systems, we employed an operando multimodal x-ray characterization approach to study the structural and chemical evolution of the metal sulfide—utilizing powder diffraction and fluorescence imaging to resolve the former and absorption spectroscopy the latter—during lithiation and de-lithiation of a Li-S battery with CuS as the multi-functional cathode additive. The resulting elucidation of the structural and chemical evolution of the system leads to a new description of the reaction mechanism.
Robust quantum switch with Rydberg excitations
Authors: Qian Jing 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe develop an approach to realize a quantum switch for Rydberg excitation in atoms with Y- typed level configuration. We find that the steady population on two different Rydberg states can be reversibly exchanged in a controllable way by properly tuning the Rydberg-Rydberg interaction. Moreover, our numerical simulations verify that the switching scheme is robust against spontaneous decay, environmental disturbance, as well as the duration of operation on the interaction, and also a high switching efficiency is quite attainable, which makes it have potential applications in quantum information processing and other Rydberg-based quantum technologies.
Polydopamine-Laced Biomimetic Material Stimulation of Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Promote Osteogenic Effects
Authors: Lee Dong Joon , Lee Yan-Ting , Zou Rui , Daniel Renie , Ko Ching-Chang 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA hydroxyapatite-collagen (HC) composite material can mimic composition and ultra-structures of natural bone and provide adequate bioactive material-tissue interactions. Incorporation of dopamine (DA) is one of keys in increasing the mechanical strength of the HC material to approaching that of cortical bone. In this study, the in vitro osteogenic effects of polydopamine-laced hydroxyapatite collagen calcium silicate (HCCS-PDA) were examined by culturing rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) on HCCS-PDA and HCCS coated plates. HCCS-PDA group demonstrated less cytotoxic from Live/Dead cytotoxic assay and displayed higher cell attachment, proliferation and mineralization than the HCCS group in vitro. For in vivo bone regeneration, HCCS-PDA or HCCS particulates with or without rMSC aggregates were implanted into rat critical-sized calvarial defects (CSD). After 12 weeks, calvarial bone regeneration was evaluated radiographically, histologically, and histomorphometrically. While the majority of new bone formation occurred around the HCCS-PDA particulates with rMSC aggregates, The HCCS-PDA particulates without rMSC aggregates showed limited osteoconductivity. HCCS with or without rMSC aggregates resulted in less bone formation, indicating a prominent role of DA in effective bone regeneration. Therefore, the HCCS-PDA biomaterial with the aid of rMSCs can be used to develop therapeutic strategies in bone tissue engineering with numerable clinical applications.
Elevated levels of CCR6+ T helper 22 cells correlate with skin and renal impairment in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Zhong Wei , Jiang Yanfang , Ma Hongshuang , Wu Jiang , Jiang Zhenyu , Zhao Ling 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with a variety of pathological features. Our study investigated the potential role of CCR6+ T cells in organ impairment of SLE patients. We analyzed CCR6+/− T cell subset populations and compared the concentrations of IL-22, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17A cytokines in 67 patients with newly diagnosed SLE and 26 healthy controls. We found that SLE patients had elevated percentages of CCR6+ T, CCR6+ Th22, Th17, Th17.1, and CCR6− Th2 cell subsets, along with increased concentrations of IL-22, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17 cytokines. Higher levels of CCR6+ T and CCR6+ Th22 cells, along with plasma IL-22 were observed in SLE patients with sole skin and/or renal impairment. The percentage of Th22 cells also correlated with Revised Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index (RCLASI) and IgG levels, and inversely correlated with C3 levels in SLE patients with sole skin impairment. SLE patients with sole renal impairment showed a correlation between the percentage of Th22 cells and ESR levels. Our data indicated that CCR6+ Th22 cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of new onset SLE patients with skin or renal impairment, and CCR6 may, thus, be a possible therapeutic target for SLE treatment.
Plasma-Generated OH Radical Production for Analyzing Three-Dimensional Structure in Protein Therapeutics
Authors: Minkoff Benjamin B. , Blatz Joshua M. , Choudhury Faraz A. , Benjamin Daniel , Shohet J. Leon , Sussman Michael R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractProtein three-dimensional structure dynamically changes in solution depending on the presence of ligands and interacting proteins. Methods for detecting these changes in protein conformation include ‘protein footprinting,’ using mass spectrometry. We describe herein a new technique, PLIMB (Plasma Induced Modification of Biomolecules), that generates µs bursts of hydroxyl radicals from water, to measure changes in protein structure via altered solvent accessibility of amino acid side chains. PLIMB was first benchmarked with model compounds, and then applied to a biological problem, i.e., ligand (EGF) induced changes in the conformation of the external (ecto) domain of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). Regions in which oxidation decreased upon adding EGF fall along the dimerization interface, consistent with models derived from crystal structures. These results demonstrate that plasma-generated hydroxyl radicals from water can be used to map protein conformational changes, and provide a readily accessible means of studying protein structure in solution.
Aerial photography based census of Adélie Penguin and its application in CH4 and N2O budget estimation in Victoria Land, Antarctic
Authors: He Hong , Cheng Xiao , Li Xianglan , Zhu Renbin , Hui Fengming , Wu Wenhui , Zhao Tiancheng , Kang Jing , Tang Jianwu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPenguin guano provides favorable conditions for production and emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Many studies have been conducted to determine the GHG fluxes from penguin colonies, however, at regional scale, there is still no accurate estimation of total GHG emissions. We used object-based image analysis (OBIA) method to estimate the Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) population based on aerial photography data. A model was developed to estimate total GHG emission potential from Adélie penguin colonies during breeding seasons in 1983 and 2012, respectively. Results indicated that OBIA method was effective for extracting penguin information from aerial photographs. There were 17,120 and 21,183 Adélie penguin breeding pairs on Inexpressible Island in 1983 and 2012, respectively, with overall accuracy of the estimation of 76.8%. The main reasons for the increase in Adélie penguin populations were attributed to increase in temperature, sea ice and phytoplankton. The average estimated CH4 and N2O emissions tended to be increasing during the period from 1983 to 2012 and CH4 was the main GHG emitted from penguin colonies. Total global warming potential (GWP) of CH4 and N2O emissions was 5303 kg CO2-eq in 1983 and 6561 kg CO2-eq in 2012, respectively.
Ubiquitous transient stagnant domain formation during thermal convection in a well-mixed two component fluid with large viscosity difference
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuya U. , Kurita Rei 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe formation of a transient stagnant domain in the presence of thermal convection was previously reported near the sol-gel transition temperature of a gelatin solution. The transient stagnant domain is observed near a critical Rayleigh number where a "roll" pattern is usually stable. It is important to understand the origin of the transient stagnant domain formation since it induces a large deformation of convection patterns; the nature of the formation of the transient stagnant domain remains unclear. Here, we observe thermal convection using several different fluids and find that stagnant domain formation is ubiquitous in two component mixtures. In addition, we find that difference in viscosity between the two components is crucial for transient stagnant domain formation, more so than the concentration gradient induced by the temperature gradient.
Controlled Deposition of Particles in Porous Media for Effective Aquifer Nanoremediation
Authors: Bianco Carlo , Patiño Higuita Janis Eneida , Tosco Tiziana , Tiraferri Alberto , Sethi Rajandrea 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this study, a model assisted strategy is developed to control the distribution of colloids in porous media in the framework of nanoremediation, an innovative environmental nanotechnology aimed at reclaiming contaminated aquifers. This approach is exemplified by the delivery of humic acid-stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles (FeOx), a typical reagent for in situ immobilization of heavy metals. By tuned sequential injections of FeOx suspensions and of solutions containing a destabilizing agent (i.e. calcium or magnesium), the two fronts, which advance at different rates, overlap at the target location (i.e., the central portion) of the porous systems. Here, the particles deposit and accumulate irreversibly, creating a reactive zone. An analytical expression predicting the position of the clustering zone in 1D systems is derived from first principles of advective-dispersive transport. Through this equation, the sequence and duration of the injection of the different solutions in the medium is assessed. The model robustness is demonstrated by its successful application to various systems, comprising the use of different sands or immobilizing cations, both in 1D and 2D geometries. The method represents an advancement in the control of nanomaterial fate in the environment, and could enhance nanoremediation making it an effective alternative to more conventional techniques.
Structure and function of the alternatively spliced isoforms of the ecdysone receptor gene in the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis
Authors: Chen Xiaowen , Wang Jun , Yue Wucheng , Huang Shu , Chen Jiao , Chen Yipei , Wang Chenghui 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAlternative splicing is an essential molecular mechanism that increase the protein diversity of a species to regulate important biological processes.Ecdysone receptor(EcR), an essential nuclear receptor, is essential in the molting, growth, development, reproduction, and regeneration of crustaceans. In this study, the whole sequence ofEcRgene fromEriocheir sinensiswas obtained. The sequence was 45,481 bp in length with 9 exons. Moreover, four alternatively splicedEcRisoforms (Es-EcR-1, Es-EcR-2, Es-EcR-3andEs-EcR-4) were identified. The four isoforms harbored a common A/B domain and a DNA-binding region but different D domains and ligand-binding regions. Three alternative splicing patterns (alternative 5′ splice site, exon skipping, and intron retention) were identified in the four isoforms. Functional studies indicated that the four isoforms have specific functions.Es-EcR-3may play essential roles in regulating periodic molting.Es-EcR-2may participate in the regulation of ovarian development. Our results indicated thatEs-EcRhas broad regulatory functions in molting and development and established the molecular basis for the investigation of ecdysteroid signaling related pathways inE. sinensis.
A self-avoiding walk with neural delays as a model of fixational eye movements
Authors: Herrmann Carl J. J. , Metzler Ralf , Engbert Ralf 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFixational eye movements show scaling behaviour of the positional mean-squared displacement with a characteristic transition from persistence to antipersistence for increasing time-lag. These statistical patterns were found to be mainly shaped by microsaccades (fast, small-amplitude movements). However, our re-analysis of fixational eye-movement data provides evidence that the slow component (physiological drift) of the eyes exhibits scaling behaviour of the mean-squared displacement that varies across human participants. These results suggest that drift is a correlated movement that interacts with microsaccades. Moreover, on the long time scale, the mean-squared displacement of the drift shows oscillations, which is also present in the displacement auto-correlation function. This finding lends support to the presence of time-delayed feedback in the control of drift movements. Based on an earlier non-linear delayed feedback model of fixational eye movements, we propose and discuss different versions of a new model that combines a self-avoiding walk with time delay. As a result, we identify a model that reproduces oscillatory correlation functions, the transition from persistence to antipersistence, and microsaccades.
Identification of PTPN1 as a novel negative regulator of the JNK MAPK pathway using a synthetic screening for pathway-specific phosphatases
Authors: Moon Jiyoung , Ha Jain , Park Sang-Hyun 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades transmit extracellular stimulations to generate various cellular responses via the sequential and reversible phosphorylation of kinases. Since the strength and duration of kinase phosphorylation within the pathway determine the cellular response, both kinases and phosphatases play an essential role in the precise control of MAPK pathway activation and attenuation. Thus, the identification of pathway-specific phosphatases is critical for understanding the functional mechanisms by which the MAPK pathway is regulated. To identify phosphatases specific to the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPK pathway, a synthetic screening approach was utilized in which phosphatases were individually tethered to the JNK pathway specific-JIP1 scaffold protein. Of 77 mammalian phosphatases tested, PTPN1 led to the inhibition of JNK pathway activation. Further analyses revealed that of three pathway member kinases, PTPN1 directly dephosphorylates JNK, the terminal kinase of the pathway, and negatively regulates the JNK MAPK pathway. Specifically, PTPN1 appears to regulate the overall signaling magnitude, rather than the adaptation timing, suggesting that PTPN1 might be involved in the control and maintenance of signaling noise. Finally, the negative regulation of the JNK MAPK pathway by PTPN1 was found to reduce the tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-dependent cell death response.
Functional maturation in preterm infants measured by serial recording of cortical activity
Authors: Stevenson N. J. , Oberdorfer L. , Koolen N. , O’Toole J. M. , Werther T. , Klebermass-Schrehof K. , Vanhatalo S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMinimally invasive, automated cot-side tools for monitoring early neurological development can be used to guide individual treatment and benchmark novel interventional studies. We develop an automated estimate of the EEG maturational age (EMA) for application to serial recordings in preterm infants. The EMA estimate was based on a combination of 23 computational features estimated from both the full EEG recording and a period of low EEG activity (46 features in total). The combination function (support vector regression) was trained using 101 serial EEG recordings from 39 preterm infants with a gestational age less than 28 weeks and normal neurodevelopmental outcome at 12 months of age. EEG recordings were performed from 24 to 38 weeks post-menstrual age (PMA). The correlation between the EMA and the clinically determined PMA at the time of EEG recording was 0.936 (95%CI: 0.932–0.976; n = 39). All infants had an increase in EMA between the first and last EEG recording and 57/62 (92%) of repeated measures within an infant had an increasing EMA with PMA of EEG recording. The EMA is a surrogate measure of age that can accurately determine brain maturation in preterm infants.
Colloidal Force Study of Particle Fouling on Gas Capture Membrane
Authors: Zhang Lin , Hu Bin , Song Hang , Yang Linjun , Ba Long 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMembrane fouling induced by industrial flue gas deteriorates their gas capturing efficiency, which is mainly caused by the adhesion of aerosol particles. To fully understand the mechanism of membrane fouling, a quantitative study of the adhesion force of particle on membrane surface was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The adhesion force of a single particle with flat glass, silicon wafer, PP (polypropylene) membrane, and fly-ash particles were measured within the relative humidity (RH) of 0 ~ 85%. The results showed the adhesion force of a particle with membrane have not much difference from the glass and silica wafer. And the surface roughness of flat substrate has slight effect on the adhesion force of the micrometer scale particle on flat surface at dry condition, while measured adhesion forces show obvious RH dependent for glass and membrane. Additionally, at dry conditions, the adhesion force of inter-particles also shows no obvious quantitative difference but obvious scattering comparing to that on membrane. The adhesion force of inter-particles increased more higher with the RH than that on membrane, which indicates the adhesion between micrometer scale particles can accelerate the deposition of particles on membrane and contributes the most to membrane fouling in industry atmosphere.
Where does the One-Repetition Maximum Exist on the Force-Velocity Relationship in Squat?
Authors: Rivière Jean , Rossi Jérémy , Jimenez-Reyes Pedro , Morin Jean-Benoit , Samozino Pierre 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe aim was to determine the position of the one-repetition maximum (1RM) squat point on the force-velocity (F-V) relationship obtained during squat jump (SJ). Ten healthy athletes performed a 1RM squat during which ground reaction force and lower-limb extension velocity were measured, and six loaded SJs to determine individual F-V relationship. The goodness of fit of the linear F-V relationship with or without the 1RM point was tested. The vertical and horizontal coordinates were determined relative to the theoretical maximal force (F0) and the highest loaded SJ (load of 44.5±4.6% 1RM). The goodness of fit of the individual F-V relationship did not differ with or without the 1RM condition, even if the 1RM point was slightly below the curve (−5±5%, P=0.018). The 1RM point can be considered as a point of the F-V relationship. The velocity (0.22±0.05 m.s−1) of the 1RM point corresponded to ~30% of the velocity reached during the highest loaded SJ. The force developed in the 1RM condition was ~16% higher than during the highest loaded SJ and ~11% lower than F0. This finding underlines the difference between F0 and the 1RM condition.
Vor 150 Jahren begann der Emanzipationskampf der
Homosexuellen
Authors: Sigusch Volkmar 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungDer Autor erinnert gelegentlich des 75. Geburtstages von Martin Dannecker, einem
Nachfahren von Karl Heinrich Ulrichs (1825–1895) im Kampf um die Emanzipation
der Homosexuellen, daran, dass Ulrichs vor 150 Jahren diesen Kampf begonnen hat.
Seine damals historisch einzigartige Tat war eine Rede, die er am 29. August
1867 auf dem Sechsten Deutschen Juristentag in München vor mehr als 500
deutschen Juristen gehalten hat. Sigusch bezeichnet Ulrichs als „historisch
vorzeitigen Schwulen“ und erinnert daran, dass die Homosexuellen in unserer
Kultur Steinigung, Zuchthaus, Folter und KZ ausgesetzt waren und immer noch in
vielen Ländern um ihre Menschenrechte kämpfen müssen.