bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hábitos alimentares de universitários da Amazônia Brasileira
Authors: Guimaraes Raissa 
Published: June 2016

Objetivo: Descrever e analisar os hábitos alimentares de uma amostra de estudantes de ambos os sexos e diferentes faixas etárias da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), campus de Belém, Amazônia, Brasil.Introdução: Os hábitos alimentares são construídos durante a infância e adolescência e, com o ingresso na universidade, fatores como ambiente social e conveniência passam a condicionar fortemente estes hábitos. Em geral, estudos no Brasil demonstram inadequação do consumo alimentar de macro e micronutrientes entre universitários, podendo acarretar prejuízos futuros na saúde destes indivíduos. No entanto, não há estudos sobre os hábitos alimentares de estudantes universitários na Amazônia. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de delineamento transversal, qualitativo, em que 22 estudantes de graduação da UFPA, com idades entre 18 e 27 anos, selecionados aleatoriamente no campus, responderam a um questionário semiestruturado sobre frequência e comportamento alimentar. A amostragem foi encerrada usando a técnica de saturação e a interpretação das informações seguiu a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: A maioria dos universitários realiza suas refeições em número e intervalo de tempo adequado, correspondendo a parcelas de 54,5% e 59,0% da amostra, respectivamente. No entanto, destaca-se também o elevado consumo de alimentos com alto teor calórico; 81,8% dos jovens entrevistados ingeriam diariamente alimentos per tencentes ao grupo das gorduras, óleos e açúcares. Os estudantes também apresentaram baixo consumo de nutrientes essenciais ao organismo, representados pelos grupos das hortaliças/verduras e das frutas. Apenas 50,0% e 31,1% dos jovens, respectivamente, incorporavam estes alimentos na sua dieta habitual. Outro achado importante é que a maioria dos estudantes (59,1%) não se preocupa com o valor nutricional dos alimentos na hora defazer as refeições. Conclusão: Um melhor conhecimento sobre o comportamento alimentar dos universitários é necessário para o planejamento de políticas públicas de prevenção das doenças crônicas. O trabalho integrado de nutricionistas e bioantropólogos na área de saúde coletiva pode ser fundamental para a compreensão e a promoção de mudanças nos padrões alimentares entre os jovens universitários.
Kaj študente zdravstvene nege motivira za učenje in kako ocenjujejo simulirano klinično usposabljanje
Authors: Pajnič Manca 
Published: June 2016

Uvod: Način in organiziranost študija, dostopnost do gradiv, odnos do študentov in študijska klima lahko vplivajo na zunanjo motivacijo študentov. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti motivacijske dejavnike za študij pri študentih zdravstvene nege in kakšen pomen pripisujejo simuliranemu kliničnemu usposabljanju.
Metode: Raziskava je potekala leta 2011 na Zdravstveni fakulteti Univerze v Ljubljani. Uporabljena je bila opisna kvantitativna metoda dela, podatki so bili zbrani z anketiranjem študentov drugega in tretjega letnika zdravstvene nege. Pri raziskavi je sodelovalo 159 naključno izbranih študentov, uporabili smo strukturiran vprašalnik in petstopenjsko lestvico. Vprašalnik je bil razdeljen na tri sklope: motivacija, zadovoljstvo in stroški študija. Podatki so bili analizirani z opisno in bivariatno statistiko.
Rezultati: Želja po pridobivanju dodatnega znanja (x = 4,3) in želja po višji izobrazbi (x = 4,26) sta se najvišje uvrstila na petstopenjski lestvici motivacijskih dejavnikov. Nekaterih negovalnih intervencij študentje na kliničnem usposabljanju še niso imeli možnosti izvesti (x = 3,97), menijo pa, da je bilo v simuliranem kliničnem okolju dovolj časa za izvajanje negovalnih intervencij (x = 1,91).
Diskusija in zaključek: Študentje so visoko notranje motivirani za študij zdravstvene nege. Menijo, da je simulirano klinično usposabljanje pomembno za pridobivanje teoretičnih in praktičnih znanj.
Doxa a epistémé zážitkové pedagogiky
Authors: Jirásek Ivo 
Published: June 2016

Příspěvek podává formou přehledové studie představu o vývoji oboru na pomezí pedagogiky, andragogiky a kinantropologie, totiž o výchově v přírodě a její proměně v moderní formy výchovy v přírodě, prázdninovou pedagogiku a zážitkovou pedagogiku. Příspěvek nejprve rekapituluje určitá klišé, mínění, a hodnocení, která se s oborem provazují dle autora neprávem (doxa), totiž neodlišování zážitkové pedagogiky v teorii a oboru praktického působení; v jejím pronikání do školního prostředí v neadekvátní podobě; v nedoceňování využití zážitku v pedagogickém diskursu; ve vnímání reflexe jako nezbytné součásti tohoto typu osobnostního rozvoje; ve vazbě na literární zdroje pouze z posledního čtvrtstoletí. Následně text nabízí ideje, které autor považuje za relevantní porozumění (epistémé), totiž že se zkušenost jako existenciální fakt může stát prostředkem osobnostního rozvoje; ta se vyznačuje holistickým rozměrem působení; nabízí rekapitulaci předchozích termínů označujících zkoumanou problematiku, na jejichž pozadí lze hlouběji porozumět historii a terminologickému vývoji oboru; a na závěr konstatuje nemožnost zařazení tohoto specifického pedagogického tématu (či dokonce oboru) do přehledné klasifikace pedagogických věd.
Konkurence mezi školami a výsledky žáků v České republice: pohled zblízka na šetření PISA 2012
Authors: Dvořák Dominik , Straková Jana 
Published: June 2016

Abstrakt: Reformy založené na zavádění tržních principů do vzdělávání zatím spíše zklamaly očekávání, že povedou k celkovému zlepšení vzdělávacích výsledků žáků. Mezinárodní šetření PISA 2012 tento poznatek rovněž potvrdilo. Avšak v případě České republiky byly publikovány výsledky uvádějící, že i po zohlednění socioekonomických a demografických rozdílů mezi žáky a dalších relevantních faktorů na úrovni škol dosahují lepších výsledků v matematice žáci v těch školách, které jsou vystaveny větší lokální konkurenci. Náš článek představuje kritickou revizi těchto výsledků. Vyšli jsme ze stejných datových souborů z šetření PISA a použili jsme dvouúrovňové modely, kde první úroveň byla žákovská a druhá školní. Pokud model (na rozdíl od postupu uplatněného autory šetření PISA) zohledňovat skutečnost, že ve vzorku jsou zastoupeny základní školy, víceletá gymnázia a střední školy, pak zdánlivý účinek konkurence mezi školami vymizel. Konkurence mezi školami jednoho typu tedy ani v České republice nevede k lepším znalostem a dovednostem žáků v matematice. Klíčová slova: volba školy, konkurence mezi školami, výsledky žáků, matematika, Česká republika, PISA.Klíčová slova: volba školy, soutěž mezi školami, výsledky žáků, matematika, Česká republika, PISAAbstract: Several studies have shown that market-based reforms of education, on average, do not improve the pupil performance across or within national school systems. The PISA 2012 survey found, however, that in the Czech Republic the schools that compete with other neibourghing schools for pupils tend to perform better in mathematics even after accounting for the socio-economic and demographic background of pupils and for relevant school characteristics (OECD, 2013). In our study, we re-evaluate this result. The impact of school variables on student achievement was studied using the PISA datasets and two-level models with pupils at the first level and schools at the second level. After accounting for different types of secondary schools in the Czech school sample, the apparent positive effect of school competition disappeared.Keywords: school choice, school competition, achivement, mathematics, Czech Republic, PISA
Input Prices and Product Differentiation
Authors: Lestage Romain 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we study how input prices affect product differentiation in network industries. In particular, we study whether the principle of vertical differentiation (Choi and Shin 1992, “A Comment on a Model of Vertical Product Differentiation.” The Journal of Industrial Economics 40 (2):229–31; Wauthy 1996, “Quality Choice in Models of Vertical Differentiation.” The Journal of Industrial Economics 44 (3):345–53) remains valid when an entrant purchases an essential input from an incumbent at a regulated price. We find that the higher quality firm always chooses the best available quality, whereas the lower quality firm chooses an intermediate quality, which increases with the input price. If the higher quality firm is the incumbent, a cost-oriented input price maximizes welfare, but comes at the cost of a lower average quality, a higher degree of product differentiation, and therefore stronger downstream market power.
A comparative study of environmental awareness among students pursuing Bachelor’s studies in selected academic fields at the University of Warsaw, Poland
Authors: Kalinowska Anna , Szkop Zbigniew , Wiśniewski Rafał 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The present investigation has been conducted to compare the level of environmental awareness among the University of Warsaw Bachelor students of selected fields of study, which are: economics, geography and environmental protection. Diagnostic survey method was used to collect data from 180 students. The research interviewees included 60 economics students (equivalent to 33.3% of all respondents), 56 geography students (31.1% of respondents) and 64 environmental science students (35.6% of respondents). The gender division was as follows: 119 females (66.1% of all respondents) and 61 males (33.9%) took part in the research. The survey consisted of two parts. The main part - “The study of environmental awareness” - referred to the dependent variable. Respondents were asked to provide answers to 21 questions. Twenty of them were closed-ended questions, while one was open-ended. The second part was demographics, which referred to independent variable – selected socio-demographic characteristics of respondents. The data were subjected to descriptive and chi-square analyses. Statistical analysis software STATA for Windows was used for statistical analysis. The significance level was set at 5%. The study showed that the field of study significantly affects the answers declared by students in 6 of 21 questions (number: 6, 8, 11, 12, 16 and 20). Gender significantly affects the answers declared by students in 2 questions (number: 2 and 10). It can therefore be assumed that field of study had much stronger influence on student’s level of environmental awareness than their gender.
Machine-learning methods in the classification of water bodies
Authors: Sołtysiak Marek , Blachnik Marcin , Dąbrowska Dominika 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Amphibian species have been considered as useful ecological indicators. They are used as indicators of environmental contamination, ecosystem health and habitat quality., Amphibian species are sensitive to changes in the aquatic environment and therefore, may form the basis for the classification of water bodies. Water bodies in which there are a large number of amphibian species are especially valuable even if they are located in urban areas. The automation of the classification process allows for a faster evaluation of the presence of amphibian species in the water bodies. Three machine-learning methods (artificial neural networks, decision trees and the k-nearest neighbours algorithm) have been used to classify water bodies in Chorzów – one of 19 cities in the Upper Silesia Agglomeration. In this case, classification is a supervised data mining method consisting of several stages such as building the model, the testing phase and the prediction. Seven natural and anthropogenic features of water bodies (e.g. the type of water body, aquatic plants, the purpose of the water body (destination), position of the water body in relation to any possible buildings, condition of the water body, the degree of littering, the shore type and fishing activities) have been taken into account in the classification. The data set used in this study involved information about 71 different water bodies and 9 amphibian species living in them. The results showed that the best average classification accuracy was obtained with the multilayer perceptron neural network.
Design and Analysis of Miniaturized Microstrip Patch Antenna with Metamaterials Based on Modified Split-Ring Resonator for UWB Applications
Authors: Khedrouche D. , Bougoutaia T. , Hocini A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this paper, a miniaturized microstrip patch antenna using a negative index metamaterial with modified split-ring resonator (SRR) unit cells is proposed for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. The new design of metamaterial based microstrip patch antenna has been optimized to provide an improved bandwidth and multiple frequency operations. All the antenna performance parameters are presented in response-graphs. Also it is mentioned that the physical dimensions of the metamaterial based patch antenna are very small, which is convenient to modern communication. A 130 % bandwidth, covering the frequency band of 2.9–13.5 GHz, (for return loss less than or equal –10 dB) is achieved, which allow the antenna to operate in the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) band. In addition, the antenna has a good radiation pattern in the ultra-wide band spectrum, and it is nearly omnidirectional.
Vitamin C promotes pluripotency of human induced pluripotent stem cells via the histone demethylase JARID1A
Authors: Eid Wassim , Abdel-Rehim Wafaa 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Somatic cells can be reprogramed into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells by defined factors, which provide a powerful basis for personalized stem-cell based therapies. However, cellular reprograming is an inefficient and metabolically demanding process commonly associated with obstacles that hamper further use of this technology. Spontaneous differentiation of iPS cells cultures represents a significant hurdle that hinder obtaining high quality iPS cells for further downstream experimentation. In this study, we found that a natural compound, vitamin C, augmented pluripotency in iPS cells and reduced unwanted spontaneous differentiation during iPS cells maintenance. Gene expression analysis showed that vitamin C increased the expression of the histone demethylase JARID1A. Furthermore, through gain- and loss-of-function approaches, we show that JARID1A is a key effector in promoting pluripotency and reducing differentiation downstream of vitamin C. Our results therefore highlight a straightforward method for improving the pluripotency and quality of iPS cells; it also shows a possible role for H3K4me2/3 in cell fate determination and establishes a link between vitamin C and epigenetic regulation.
Making the Case for Simulation-Based Assessments to Overcome the Challenges in Evaluating Clinical Competency
Authors: Leigh Gwen , Stueben Frances , Harrington Deedra , Hetherman Stephen 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe use of simulation in nursing has increased substantially in the last few decades. Most schools of nursing have incorporated simulation into their curriculum but few are using simulation to evaluate clinical competency at the end of a semester or prior to graduation. Using simulation for such high stakes evaluation is somewhat novel to nursing. Educators are now being challenged to move simulation to the next level and use it as a tool for evaluating clinical competency. Can the use of simulation for high-stakes evaluation add to or improve our current evaluation methods? Using patient simulation for evaluation in contrast to a teaching modality has important differences that must be considered. This article discusses the difficulties of evaluating clinical competency, and makes the case for using simulation based assessment as a method of high stakes evaluation. Using simulation for high-stakes evaluation has the potential for significantly impacting nursing education.
Real-time stream processing for Big Data
Authors: Wingerath Wolfram , Gessert Felix , Friedrich Steffen , Ritter Norbert 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
With the rise of the web 2.0 and the Internet of things, it has become feasible to track all kinds of information over
time, in particular fine-grained user activities and sensor data on their environment and even their biometrics. However,
while efficiency remains mandatory for any application trying to cope with huge amounts of data, only part of the
potential of today's Big Data repositories can be exploited using traditional batch-oriented approaches as the value of
data often decays quickly and high latency becomes unacceptable in some applications. In the last couple of years, several
distributed data processing systems have emerged that deviate from the batch-oriented approach and tackle data items as
they arrive, thus acknowledging the growing importance of timeliness and velocity in Big Data analytics.
In this article, we give an overview over the state of the art of stream processors for low-latency Big Data analytics and
conduct a qualitative comparison of the most popular contenders, namely Storm and its abstraction layer Trident, Samza and
Spark Streaming. We describe their respective underlying rationales, the guarantees they provide and discuss the
trade-offs that come with selecting one of them for a particular task.
Evaluation of Eu Cohesion Policy Impact on Regional Convergence: Do Culture Differences Matter?
Authors: Butkus Mindaugas , Matuzevičiūtė Kristina 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Attention to the harmonised economic growth by promoting regional economic convergence was paid in the 1960s, at the commencement of European economic integration. It served as a basis for initiation of programs intended to reduce disparities among regions. For the current programming period (2014-2020) over 350 billion euro was allocated to promote cohesion (more than 340 billion for 2007-2013 and about 213 billion for 2000-2006) and a considerable part of that funding went specially to promote regional convergence; therefore, the analysis of regional convergence in the EU countries is essential due to both economic and financial reasons. Regional policy can be considered successful if regional disparities are found to be decreasing; however, research on convergence/divergence issue has not provided any unambiguous conclusions. We aim to enrich this field of analysis by incorporating cultural dimension while analysing the factors influencing regional convergence. In order to identify a causal link between culture and economic outcomes, we define culture as the customary beliefs and values that ethnic, religious and social groups transmit almost unchanged from generation to generation. Our research hypothesis is that regional policy impact on regional convergence differs between groups of countries characterised by historically diverse cultural experience. Using panel data approach like FD and covering the two last programming periods along with a set of variables to control country-specific economic environment, we investigate whether the success of Cohesion policy has depended on cultural differences in the north, south, west and central-east groups of European countries.
Theoretical Aspects And Development Of The Mechanism For Risk Management In Small- And Medium-Sized Business
Authors: Lezgovko Aleksandra 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Modern scientific research in the field of risk management is mainly devoted to general questions of the market theory of risk management, including qualitative risk analysis, protection of the rights of property owners and the study of the problems of selection of the best strategies for profitable market investments. The development of risk management mechanisms for small- and medium-sized businesses in Lithuania compared to other European markets is happening too slowly. The situation is aggravated by unstable situation of the field itself, corrupted officials and the lack of advanced control strategies for internal and external risk management in organisations. All these factors confirm the need to develop new management tools in the field of risk management at such enterprises. The aim of this article is to develop the mechanism of risk management of small and medium-sized businesses and justify it scientifically. The methodology of the research is based on the principles of objectivity using methods of comparative, logical, mathematical statistics and system-structural analysis.
Impact of XPM Crosstalk on SCM-Based RoF Systems
Authors: Nain Abhimanyu , Kumar Suresh , Singla Shelly 
Published: June 2016

AbstractCrosstalk effects in wavelength multiplexed subcarrier multiplexing radio-over-fiber (RoF) transmission system due to cross phase modulation (XPM) are investigated in the present paper. The crosstalk has been evaluated including the effects of dispersion along with its higher order terms (HOD) and walk-off parameter for different modulation frequencies and transmission distances. Results show that the crosstalk level can be as high as –43 dB after transmission over a 25 km of fiber with two wavelengths and 15 dBm per wavelength of transmitted power. An increment of 7 dB is observed with increase in walk-off parameter and 5 dB with increase in dispersion parameter. The crosstalk also depends upon spacing between optical wavelengths. Simulative investigation shows that increase in separation between wavelengths degrade the overall system performance, which limits the number of optical wavelengths that can be used in transmission system.
The diagnostic value of serum CEA, NSE and MMP-9 for on-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Xu Liu , Lina Wang , Xuejun Yin 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. But no one type of serum biomarker was found to be highly sensitive and specific for detection of lung cancer at present. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate a diagnostic value of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron specific enolase (NSE) and matrix metallo-proteinase (MMP-9) for non-small cell lung cancer. Thirty-six cases with pathology confirmed non-small cell lung cancer and thirty-two of subjects with benign lung disease were reviewed in our hospital and included in this retrospective study. The serum level of CEA, NSE and MMP-9 were tested and compared between the non-small cell lung cancer patients and benign lung disease. The diagnosis sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) for serum CEA, NSE and MMP-9 were calculated with STATA10.0 software. The serum CEA, NSE and MMP-9 were 32.0±16.7 ng/mL, 51.6±68.3 ng/mL, 30.6 ±15.7 μg/L for the NSCLC patients and 15.1±10.9 ng/mL, 4.9±3.1 ng/mL, 9.3±5.9 μg/L for the benign lung disease patients with statistical difference (Pall<0.05); The diagnosis sensitivity, specificity and AUC were 80.0%, 72.2%, 0.84 for the serum CEA; 71.0%, 83.3% and 0.80 for NSE and 87.1%, 80.56%, 0.89 for MMP-9, respectively. The serum CEA, NSE and MMP-9 were generally elevated in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and could be used as potential bio-markers for non-small cell lung cancer diagnosis.