bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic and clinical characteristics in Japanese hereditary breast and ovarian cancer: first report after establishment of HBOC registration system in Japan
Authors: Arai Masami , Yokoyama Shiro , Watanabe Chie , Yoshida Reiko , Kita Mizuho , Okawa Megumi , Sakurai Akihiro , Sekine Masayuki , Yotsumoto Junko , Nomura Hiroyuki , Akama Yoshinori , Inuzuka Mayuko , Nomizu Tadashi , Enomoto Takayuki , Nakamura Seigo 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) registration system of Japan was established by the Japanese HBOC Consortium. The first trial was registered in 2015 in four institutions to which some registration committee members belonged. We analyzed the information of 830 Japanese pedigrees, who underwent BRCA1/2 genetic testing, including mutation carriers with BRCA1 (N = 127) and BRCA2 (N = 115), and their families. The mutation-positive rate was 19.7%. Variants of uncertain significance were found in 6.5% of all individuals subjected to genetic testing for BRCA1/2. Compared to the United States, Japan had a higher mutation-positive rate in most categories, except for the groups with male breast cancer. Among the intrinsic subtypes of BRCA1-associated breast cancers, 75.8% were triple-negative. The incidence rate of contralateral breast cancer in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers was 0.99%/year. Among 240 mutation carriers, 26 and 62 patients underwent risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) and risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO), respectively; the respective frequencies of occult cancer were 7.1 and 3.2%. Metachronous breast cancer after RRM or peritoneal cancer after RRSO was not observed during the follow-up period. The nationwide registration system began last year and the system enables follow-up analysis in Japan.
Both Nodal signalling and stochasticity select for prospective distal visceral endoderm in mouse embryos
Authors: Takaoka Katsuyoshi , Nishimura Hiromi , Hamada Hiroshi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAnterior–posterior (A–P) polarity of mouse embryos is established by distal visceral endoderm (DVE) at embryonic day (E) 5.5. Lefty1 is expressed first at E3.5 in a subset of epiblast progenitor cells (L1epi cells) and then in a subset of primitive endoderm cells (L1dve cells) fated to become DVE. Here we studied how prospective DVE cells are selected. Lefty1 expression in L1epi and L1dve cells depends on Nodal signaling. A cell that experiences the highest level of Nodal signaling begins to express Lefty1 and becomes an L1epi cell. Deletion of Lefty1 alone or together with Lefty2 increased the number of prospective DVE cells. Ablation of L1epi or L1dve cells triggered Lefty1 expression in a subset of remaining cells. Our results suggest that selection of prospective DVE cells is both random and regulated, and that a fixed prepattern for the A–P axis does not exist before the blastocyst stage.
Myokine mediated muscle-kidney crosstalk suppresses metabolic reprogramming and fibrosis in damaged kidneys
Authors: Peng Hui , Wang Qianqian , Lou Tanqi , Qin Jun , Jung Sungyun , Shetty Vivekananda , Li Feng , Wang Yanlin , Feng Xin-hua , Mitch William E. , Graham Brett H. , Hu Zhaoyong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractKidney injury initiates metabolic reprogramming in tubule cells that contributes to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Exercise has been associated with beneficial effects in patients with CKD. Here we show that the induction of a myokine, irisin, improves kidney energy metabolism and prevents kidney damage. In response to kidney injury, mice with muscle-specific PGC-1α overexpression (mPGC-1α) exhibit reduced kidney damage and fibrosis. Metabolomics analysis reveals increased ATP production and improved energy metabolism in injured kidneys from mPGC-1α mice. We identify irisin as a serum factor that mediates these metabolic effects during progressive kidney injury by inhibiting TGF-β type 1 receptor. Irisin depletion from serum blunts the induction of oxygen consumption rate observed in tubule cells treated with mPGC-1α serum. In mice, recombinant irisin administration attenuates kidney damage and fibrosis and improves kidney functions. We suggest that myokine-mediated muscle-kidney crosstalk can suppress metabolic reprograming and fibrogenesis during kidney disease.
O-GlcNAcylation of SIRT1 enhances its deacetylase activity and promotes cytoprotection under stress
Authors: Han Cuifang , Gu Yuchao , Shan Hui , Mi Wenyi , Sun Jiahui , Shi Minghui , Zhang Xinling , Lu Xinzhi , Han Feng , Gong Qianhong , Yu Wengong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSIRT1 is the most evolutionarily conserved mammalian sirtuin, and it plays a vital role in the regulation of metabolism, stress responses, genome stability, and ageing. As a stress sensor, SIRT1 deacetylase activity is significantly increased during stresses, but the molecular mechanisms are not yet fully clear. Here, we show that SIRT1 is dynamically modified with O-GlcNAc at Ser 549 in its carboxy-terminal region, which directly increases its deacetylase activity both in vitro and in vivo. The O-GlcNAcylation of SIRT1 is elevated during genotoxic, oxidative, and metabolic stress stimuli in cellular and mouse models, thereby increasing SIRT1 deacetylase activity and protecting cells from stress-induced apoptosis. Our findings demonstrate a new mechanism for the activation of SIRT1 under stress conditions and suggest a novel potential therapeutic target for preventing age-related diseases and extending healthspan.
The deep conservation of the Lepidoptera Z chromosome suggests a non-canonical origin of the W
Authors: Fraïsse Christelle , Picard Marion A. L. , Vicoso Beatriz 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMoths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) usually have a pair of differentiated WZ sex chromosomes. However, in most lineages outside of the division Ditrysia, as well as in the sister order Trichoptera, females lack a W chromosome. The W is therefore thought to have been acquired secondarily. Here we compare the genomes of three Lepidoptera species (one Dytrisia and two non-Dytrisia) to test three models accounting for the origin of the W: (1) a Z-autosome fusion; (2) a sex chromosome turnover; and (3) a non-canonical mechanism (e.g., through the recruitment of a B chromosome). We show that the gene content of the Z is highly conserved across Lepidoptera (rejecting a sex chromosome turnover) and that very few genes moved onto the Z in the common ancestor of the Ditrysia (arguing against a Z-autosome fusion). Our comparative genomics analysis therefore supports the secondary acquisition of the Lepidoptera W by a non-canonical mechanism, and it confirms the extreme stability of well-differentiated sex chromosomes.
A rapid cosmic-ray increase in BC 3372–3371 from ancient buried tree rings in China
Authors: Wang F. Y. , Yu H. , Zou Y. C. , Dai Z. G. , Cheng K. S. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCosmic rays interact with the Earth’s atmosphere to produce 14C, which can be absorbed by trees. Therefore, rapid increases of 14C in tree rings can be used to probe previous cosmic-ray events. By this method, three 14C rapidly increasing events have been found. Plausible causes of these events include large solar proton events, supernovae, or short gamma-ray bursts. However, due to the lack of measurements of 14C by year, the occurrence frequency of such 14C rapidly increasing events is poorly known. In addition, rapid increases may be hidden in the IntCal13 data with five-year resolution. Here we report the result of 14C measurements using an ancient buried tree during the period between bc 3388 and 3358. We found a rapid increase of about 9‰ in the 14C content from bc 3372 to bc 3371. We suggest that this event could originate from a large solar proton event.
Rethinking phonons: The issue of disorder
Authors: Seyf Hamid Reza , Yates Luke , Bougher Thomas L. , Graham Samuel , Cola Baratunde A. , Detchprohm Theeradetch , Ji Mi-Hee , Kim Jeomoh , Dupuis Russell , Lv Wei , Henry Asegun 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCurrent understanding of phonons treats them as plane waves/quasi-particles of atomic vibration that propagate and scatter. The problem is that conceptually, when any level of disorder is introduced, whether compositional or structural, the character of vibrational modes in solids changes, yet nearly all theoretical treatments continue to assume phonons are still waves. For example, the phonon contributions to alloy thermal conductivity (TC) rely on this assumption and are most often computed from the virtual crystal approximation (VCA). Good agreement is obtained in some cases, but there are many instances where it fails—both quantitatively and qualitatively. Here, we show that the conventional theory and understanding of phonons requires revision, because the critical assumption that all phonons/normal modes resemble plane waves with well-defined velocities is no longer valid when disorder is introduced. Here we show, surprisingly, that the character of phonons changes dramatically within the first few percent of impurity concentration, beyond which phonons more closely resemble the modes found in amorphous materials. We then utilize a different theory that can treat modes with any character and experimentally confirm its new insights.
Estimation of Ground PM2.5 Concentrations using a DEM-assisted Information Diffusion Algorithm: A Case Study in China
Authors: Ma Lei , Gao Yu , Fu Tengyu , Cheng Liang , Chen Zhenjie , Li Manchun 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWhen estimating national PM2.5 concentrations, the results of traditional interpolation algorithms are unreliable due to a lack of monitoring sites and heterogeneous spatial distributions. PM2.5 spatial distribution is strongly correlated to elevation, and the information diffusion algorithm has been shown to be highly reliable when dealing with sparse data interpolation issues. Therefore, to overcome the disadvantages of traditional algorithms, we proposed a method combining elevation data with the information diffusion algorithm. Firstly, a digital elevation model (DEM) was used to segment the study area into multiple scales. Then, the information diffusion algorithm was applied in each region to estimate the ground PM2.5 concentration, which was compared with estimation results using the Ordinary Kriging and Inverse Distance Weighted algorithms. The results showed that: (1) reliable estimate at local area was obtained using the DEM-assisted information diffusion algorithm; (2) the information diffusion algorithm was more applicable for estimating daily average PM2.5 concentrations due to the advantage in noise data; (3) the information diffusion algorithm required less supplementary data and was suitable for simulating the diffusion of air pollutants. We still expect a new comprehensive model integrating more factors would be developed in the future to optimize the interpretation accuracy of short time observation data.
Maternal impulse control disability and developmental disorder traits are risk factors for child maltreatment
Authors: Tachibana Yoshiyuki , Takehara Kenji , Kakee Naoko , Mikami Masashi , Inoue Eisuke , Mori Rintaro , Ota Erika , Koizumi Tomoe , Okuyama Makiko , Kubo Takahiko 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPrevious work has suggested that maternal developmental disorder traits related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are significantly associated with child maltreatment. However, there may be other important maternal characteristics that contribute to child maltreatment. We hypothesized that maternal impulse control disability may also affect child maltreatment in addition to maternal developmental disorder traits. We aimed to test this hypothesis via a cohort study performed in Tokyo (n = 1,260). Linear regression analyses using the Behavioural Inhibition/Behavioural Activation Scales, the self-administered short version of the Pervasive Developmental Disorders Autism Society Japan Rating Scale, the short form of the Adult Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale, and the Child Maltreatment Scale, revealed that excessive inhibition of behaviour and affect, which is impulse control disability, is significantly associated with child maltreatment (b = 0.031, p = 0.018) in addition to maternal developmental disorder traits (ASD: b = 0.052, p = 0.004; ADHD: b = 0.178, p < 0.001). Logistic regression analyses revealed that ASD (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.083, p = 0.014) and high behavioural inhibition (AOR = 1.068, p = 0.016) were significantly associated with moderate child maltreatment, while ADHD was associated (AOR = 1.034, p = 0.022) with severe child maltreatment. These maternal characteristics may inform the best means for prevention and management of child maltreatment cases.
Quantifying quantum coherence with quantum Fisher information
Authors: Feng X. N. , Wei L. F. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractQuantum coherence is one of the old but always important concepts in quantum mechanics, and now it has been regarded as a necessary resource for quantum information processing and quantum metrology. However, the question of how to quantify the quantum coherence has just been paid the attention recently (see, e.g., Baumgratz et al. PRL, 113. 140401 (2014)). In this paper we verify that the well-known quantum Fisher information (QFI) can be utilized to quantify the quantum coherence, as it satisfies the monotonicity under the typical incoherent operations and the convexity under the mixing of the quantum states. Differing from most of the pure axiomatic methods, quantifying quantum coherence by QFI could be experimentally testable, as the bound of the QFI is practically measurable. The validity of our proposal is specifically demonstrated with the typical phase-damping and depolarizing evolution processes of a generic single-qubit state, and also by comparing it with the other quantifying methods proposed previously.
mPeriod2 Brdm1 and other single Period mutant mice have normal food anticipatory activity
Authors: Pendergast Julie S. , Wendroth Robert H. , Stenner Rio C. , Keil Charles D. , Yamazaki Shin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAnimals anticipate the timing of food availability via the food-entrainable oscillator (FEO). The anatomical location and timekeeping mechanism of the FEO are unknown. Several studies showed the circadian gene,Period 2, is critical for FEO timekeeping. However, other studies concluded that canonical circadian genes are not essential for FEO timekeeping. In this study, we re-examined the effects of thePer2Brdm1mutation on food entrainment using methods that have revealed robust food anticipatory activity in other mutant lines. We examined food anticipatory activity, which is the output of the FEO, in singlePeriodmutant mice. SinglePer1,Per2, andPer3mutant mice had robust food anticipatory activity during restricted feeding. In addition, we found that two different lines ofPer2mutant mice (ldcandBrdm1) anticipated restricted food availability. To determine if FEO timekeeping persisted in the absence of the food cue, we assessed activity during fasting. Food anticipatory (wheel-running) activity in allPeriodmutant mice was also robust during food deprivation. Together, our studies demonstrate that thePeriodgenes are not necessary for the expression of food anticipatory activity.
Potential Application of 1H NMR for Routine Serum Lipidome Analysis –Evaluation of Effects of Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Mika Adriana , Kaczynski Zbigniew , Stepnowski Piotr , Kaczor Maciej , Proczko-Stepaniak Monika , Kaska Lukasz , Sledzinski Tomasz 
Published: November 2017

AbstractRoutine laboratory lipid assays include simple measurements of total cholesterol, triacylglycerols and HDL. However, lipids are a large group of compounds involved in many metabolic pathways, and their alterations may have serious health consequences. In this study, we used 1H NMR to analyze lipids extracted from sera of 16 obese patients prior to and after bariatric surgeries. We observed a post-surgery decrease in serum concentrations of lipids from various groups. The hereby presented findings imply that 1H NMR is suitable for rapid, simple and non-invasive detection of lipids from 30 structural groups, among them triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin, total phospholipids, total, free and esterified cholesterol, total and unsaturated fatty acids. NMR-based analysis of serum lipids may contribute to a substantial increase in the number of routinely determined markers from this group; therefore, it may find application in clinical assessment of obese subjects prior to and after bariatric surgeries, as well as in the examination of patients with other metabolic diseases.
Laser Thinning and Patterning of MoS2 with Layer-by-Layer Precision
Authors: Hu Lili , Shan Xinyan , Wu Yanling , Zhao Jimin , Lu Xinghua 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe recently discovered novel properties of two dimensional materials largely rely on the layer-critical variation in their electronic structure and lattice symmetry. Achieving layer-by-layer precision patterning is thus crucial for junction fabrications and device engineering, which hitherto poses an unprecedented challenge. Here we demonstrate laser thinning and patterning with layer-by-layer precision in a two dimensional (2D) quantum material MoS2. Monolayer, bilayer and trilayer of MoS2films are produced with precise vertical and lateral control, which removes the extruding barrier for fabricating novel three dimensional (3D) devices composed of diverse layers and patterns. By tuning the laser fluence and exposure time we demonstrate producing MoS2patterns with designed layer numbers. The underlying physics mechanism is identified to be temperature-dependent evaporation of the MoS2lattice, verified by our measurements and calculations. Our investigation paves way for 3D device fabrication based on 2D layered quantum materials.
Expression of both poly r(C) binding protein 1 (PCBP1) and miRNA-3978 is suppressed in peritoneal gastric cancer metastasis
Authors: Ji Fu-jian , Wu Yuan-yu , An Zhe , Liu Xue-song , Jiang Jun-nan , Chen Fang-fang , Fang Xue-dong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe expression of legumain which has been shown overexpressed in patients with metastatic gastric cancer is positively correlated to both disease progression and outcome, and negatively correlated to microRNA (miR)−3978 expression. The RNA-binding protein, poly r(C) binding protein 1 (PCBP1) was the most downregulated protein in the metastatic tissue specimens. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that PCBP1 expression is transcriptionally downregulated in peritoneal metastasis tissues. RNA immunoprecipitation experiments showed that PCBP1 and miR-3978 are sequestered in normal peritoneal tissue, but the complex is disrupted following metastatic progression. PCBP1 expression mimicked miR-3978 expression across gastric cancer patients. Finally, replenishment of PCBP1 or miR-3978 expression in the peritoneal metastasis cell line MKN45 decreased legumain protein expression and chemosensitized the cells to treatment with docetaxel. However, replenishment of one and concomitant depletion of the other failed to induce chemosensitivity to docetaxel. Replenishment of miR-3978 also resulted in induction of PCBP1 protein expression, potentially indicating that miR-3978 expression might downregulate a negative regulator targeting PCBP1. Our current study reveals PCBP1 as an additional biomarker in peritoneal metastasis. PCBP1 and miR-3978 expression were correlated and suggests a potential interplay of differential miRNA biogenesis and RNA binding protein during metastatic progression.
Structure-function relationships in ABCG2: insights from molecular dynamics simulations and molecular docking studies
Authors: Ferreira Ricardo J. , Bonito Cátia A. , Cordeiro M. Natália D. S. , Ferreira Maria-José U. , dos Santos Daniel J. V. A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEfflux pumps of the ATP-binding cassette transporters superfamily (ABC transporters) are frequently involved in the multidrug-resistance (MDR) phenomenon in cancer cells. Herein, we describe a new atomistic model for the MDR-relatedABCG2efflux pump, also named breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), based on the recently published crystallographic structure of theABCG5/G8heterodimer sterol transporter, a member of the ABCG family involved in cholesterol homeostasis. By means of molecular dynamics simulations and molecular docking, a far-reaching characterization of theABCG2homodimer was obtained. The role of important residues and motifs in the structural stability of the transporter was comprehensively studied and was found to be in good agreement with the available experimental data published in literature. Moreover, structural motifs potentially involved in signal transmission were identified, along with two symmetrical drug-binding sites that are herein described for the first time, in a rational attempt to better understand how drug binding and recognition occurs inABCG2homodimeric transporters.
Changing trends in the prevalence of H. pylori infection in Japan (1908–2003): a systematic review and meta-regression analysis of 170,752 individuals
Authors: Wang Chaochen , Nishiyama Takeshi , Kikuchi Shogo , Inoue Manami , Sawada Norie , Tsugane Shoichiro , Lin Yingsong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractChanging trends in the prevalence of H. pylori infection in the general population over time are thought to be the main driving force behind the declining gastric cancer mortality in Japan. However, whether the prevalence of H. pylori infection itself shows a birth-cohort pattern needs to be corroborated. We performed a systematic review of studies that reported the prevalence of H. pylori infection among Japanese individuals. Meta-regression was conducted in the framework of a generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) to account for heterogeneity in the prevalence of H. pylori infection as a function of birth year. The prevalence of H. pylori infection confirmed a clear birth cohort pattern: the predicted prevalence (%, 95% CI) was 60.9 (56.3–65.4), 65.9 (63.9–67.9), 67.4 (66.0–68.7), 64.1 (63.1–65.1), 59.1 (58.2–60.0), 49.1 (49.0–49.2), 34.9 (34.0–35.8), 24.6 (23.5–25.8), 15.6 (14.0–17.3), and 6.6 (4.8–8.9) among those who were born in the year 1910, 1920, 1930, 1940, 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000, respectively. The present study demonstrated a clear birth-cohort pattern of H. pylori infection in the Japanese population. The decreased prevalence of H. pylori infection in successive generations should be weighed in future gastric cancer control programs.