bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved delivery of sinus irrigations after middle turbinate resection during endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Kidwai Sarah M. , Parasher Arjun K. , Khan Mohemmed N. , Eloy Jean Anderson , Del Signore Anthony , Iloreta Alfred Marc , Govindaraj Satish 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundImprovement in topical delivery to nasal mucosa is a fundamental goal of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). This study compares the penetration of irrigation before and after middle turbinate resection (MTR) to assess the efficacy of topical delivery.MethodsESS was performed on 4 cadaver heads, followed by MTR. Each head was irrigated with fluorescein‐dyed water using a squeeze bottle both before and after MTR. Videos were recorded by rigid nasal endoscopy. Four blinded raters reviewed videos and scored the extent of staining (0 to 3) for each site.ResultsThe mean score for the extent of staining of all anatomical sites before and after MTR was 1.30 and 1.92, respectively (p = 0.035). The mean score for extent of staining before and after MTR was 2.56 and 2.81 (p = 0.134) for the maxillary sinus, 1.66 and 2.25 (p = 0.022) for the ethmoid sinus, 1.03 and 1.94 (p = 0.263) for the sphenoid sinus, 0.16 and 0.94 (p = 0.055) for the frontal sinus, and 1.09 and 1.66 (p = 0.340) for the olfactory cleft, respectively. When evaluating interrater reliability, Cronbach's alpha was 0.92, which is acceptable. When evaluating intrarater reliability, the Fleiss kappa statistic for each rater was excellent or good.ConclusionOverall, MTR results in significant improvement in the penetration of nasal irrigations in the cadaver model. Each individual sinus displays a trend toward improvement; however, only the ethmoid sinus displays a statistically significant improvement. Further in vivo studies are needed to elucidate the role of MTR.
Manuka honey sinus irrigation for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lee Victoria S. , Humphreys Ian M. , Purcell Patricia L. , Davis Greg E. 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundManuka honey (MH) has been shown in vitro to be effective against biofilm‐producing bacteria. This study assessed the effectiveness of MH for patients with active chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and prior sinus surgery.MethodsThis prospective single‐blinded (clinician only) randomized controlled trial recruited patients with active CRS and prior sinus surgery. Patients received either MH or saline (SAL) sinus irrigations twice daily for 30 days and were offered oral antibiotics and/or oral/topical steroids as indicated. Outcomes were 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) change score (primary), culture negativity, and Lund‐Kennedy endoscopic change score.ResultsForty‐two patients were analyzed (MH, n = 20; SAL, n = 22). The SNOT‐22 change score achieved a clinically significant improvement in both groups but was similar between MH (median [interquartile range]: −12 [−20, −1]) and SAL (−12.5 [−22, −6]) (p = 0.57). Culture negativity was better on MH (8/19, 42%) compared to SAL (4/21, 19%), nearing statistical significance (p = 0.11). Lund‐Kennedy endoscopic change score improved in both groups but was not statistically better on MH (−3 [−5, 0]) compared to SAL (−1 [−2, 0]) (p = 0.20). For patients not receiving oral antibiotics/steroids, culture negativity was statistically better on MH (5/10, 50%) compared to SAL (0/6, 0%) (p = 0.04). MH was well‐tolerated. No adverse events were reported.ConclusionIn patients with active CRS and prior sinus surgery, both MH and SAL improved outcomes, but there was no statistically significant difference between these groups. However, in the subset that did not receive oral antibiotics/steroids, culture negativity was statistically better on MH, suggesting that MH alone may be effective for acute exacerbations of CRS.
Out‐of‐time‐ordered correlators in many‐body localized systems
Authors: Huang Yichen , Zhang Yong‐Liang , Chen Xie 
Published: December 2016

In many‐body localized systems, propagation of information forms a light cone that grows logarithmically with time. However, local changes in energy or other conserved quantities typically spread only within a finite distance. Is it possible to detect the logarithmic light cone generated by a local perturbation from the response of a local operator at a later time? We numerically calculate various correlators in the random‐field Heisenberg chain. While the equilibrium retarded correlator is not sensitive to the unbounded information propagation, the out‐of‐time‐ordered correlator can detect the logarithmic light cone. We relate out‐of‐time‐ordered correlators to the Lieb‐Robinson bound in many‐body localized systems, and show how to detect the logarithmic light cone with retarded correlators in specially designed states. Furthermore, we study the temperature dependence of the logarithmic light cone using out‐of‐time‐ordered correlators.
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Disulfide‐Catalyzed Visible‐Light‐Mediated Oxidative Cleavage of C=C Bonds and Evidence of an Olefin–Disulfide Charge‐Transfer Complex
Authors: Deng Yuchao , Wei Xiao‐Jing , Wang Hui , Sun Yuhan , Noël Timothy , Wang Xiao 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA photocatalytic method for the aerobic oxidative cleavage of C=C bonds has been developed. Electron‐rich aromatic disulfides were employed as photocatalyst. Upon visible‐light irradiation, typical mono‐ and multi‐substituted aromatic olefins could be converted into ketones and aldehydes at ambient temperature. Experimental and computational studies suggest that a disulfide–olefin charge‐transfer complex is possibly responsible for the unconventional dissociation of S−S bond under visible light.
Au108S24(PPh3)16: A Highly Symmetric Nanoscale Gold Cluster Confirms the General Concept of Metalloid Clusters
Authors: Kenzler Sebastian , Schrenk Claudio , Schnepf Andreas 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe reduction of (Ph3P)AuCl with NaBH4 in the presence of HSC(SiMe3)3, leads to one of the largest metalloid gold clusters: Au108S24(PPh3)16 (1). Within 1 an octahedral Au44 core of gold atoms arranged as in Au metal is surrounded by 48 oxidized Au atoms of an Au48S24 shell, a novel building block in gold chemistry. The protecting Au48S24 shell is completed by additional 16 Au(PPh3) units, leading to a complete protection of the gold core. Within 1 the Au–Au distances get more molecular on going from the center to the ligand shell. Cluster 1 represents novel structural motives in the field of metalloid gold clusters which also are partly typical for metal atoms in metalloid clusters: MnRm (n>m).
Systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis of patient-reported outcome measures for abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Duncan R , Essat M , Jones G , Booth A , Buckley Woods H , Poku E , Kaltenthaler E , Keetharuth A D , Palfreyman S , Michaels J 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Background
The aim was to identify and evaluate existing patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for use in patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) to inform the selection for use in surgical practice.

Methods
Two reviews were conducted: a systematic review to identify valid, reliable and acceptable PROMs for patients with an AAA, and a qualitative evidence synthesis to assess the relevance to patients of the identified PROM items. PROM studies were evaluated for their psychometric properties using established assessment criteria, and for their methodological quality using the COSMIN checklist. Qualitative studies were synthesized using framework analysis, and concepts identified were then triangulated using a protocol with the item concepts of the identified PROMs.

Results
Four PROMs from three studies were identified in the first review: Short Form 36, Australian Vascular Quality of Life Index, Aneurysm Dependent Quality of Life (AneurysmDQoL) and Aneurysm Symptoms Rating Questionnaire (AneurysmSRQ). None of the identified PROMs had undergone a rigorous psychometric evaluation within the AAA population. Four studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, from which 28 concepts important to patients with an AAA were identified. The AneurysmDQoL and AneurysmSRQ together provided the most comprehensive assessment of these concepts. Fear of rupture, control, ability to forget about the condition and size of aneurysm were all concepts identified in the qualitative studies but not covered by items in the identified PROMs.

Conclusion
Further research is needed to develop PROMs for AAA that are reliable, valid and acceptable to patients.
Ultrasound of oral and masticatory muscles: Why every neuromuscular swallow team should have an ultrasound machine
Authors: Van Den Engel‐Hoek Lenie , Lagarde Marloes , Van Alfen Nens 
Published: December 2016

Patients with neuromuscular disorders often present with swallowing difficulties due to oral phase problems and pharyngeal residue after swallow. It is important to assess the underlying pathology and cause of the swallowing disturbance in this patient group, such as dystrophic changes in oral and masticatory muscles. This allows for more patient‐tailored recommendations, for example optimal compensation strategies to maintain function for longer.Ultrasound can show structural changes caused by dystrophy or denervation of muscles, detect involuntary movements such as fasciculations, and provide dynamic video images of tongue motion during swallowing attempts. This article, based on the authors' extensive experience with ultrasound in neuromuscular disease, explains the concepts of oral muscle ultrasound and its proven value in assessing neuromuscular mastication and swallowing problems. As a patient‐friendly and portable technique, we advocate its use as a standard tool for analyzing neuromuscular dysphagia. Clin. Anat. 30:183–193, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Operating Regimes and Hydrodynamics of a Rotating‐Disc Contactor
Authors: Chen Hang , Sun Ze , Song Xingfu , Yu Jianguo 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe operating regimes for a pilot‐scale rotating‐disc contactor (RDC) were investigated by a computational fluid dynamics/population balance model (CFD‐PBM) simulation. The model successfully predicted the critical rotor speed, which divided the entire operating range into two regions. In the low rotor speed region, the input energy was insufficient to break droplets, resulting in an almost constant droplet diameter. Therefore, the increasing revolution slightly affected the interfacial area, while the axial mixing became severe. In contrast, the interfacial area increased significantly in the high rotor speed region because of the increased breakage rate. Moreover, the axial mixing extent increased slightly because the dispersed‐phase accumulation enhanced the advection effect. The results indicate that the CFD‐PBM approach can be applied to engineering practice for extractors.
Optimization of Continuous Synthesis of Cross‐Linked Chitosan Nanoparticles Using Microreactors
Authors: Rathi Noopur , Gaikar Vilas G. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA process for continuous synthesis of cross‐linked chitosan‐sodium tripolyphosphate (CS‐TPP) nanoparticles is optimized using microreactors for its comparison with a batch stirred reactor. The effect of various parameters including residence time, concentration of CS, pH of the CS solutions, and stabilizing surfactant concentration was modeled by population balance equations (PBEs) to determine size, growth, and nucleation rates of the CS‐TPP nanoparticles. The smallest particle size was obtained at lower residence time, lower concentration of CS, pH 5, and using a surfactant concentration above its critical micellar concentration. The particles obtained from the microreactors are agglomerated but are smaller in size as compared to those obtained from the batch reactor. The system was also optimized for the minimum particle size applying the estimated growth rate and the PBEs.
Highly Efficient Intramolecular Electrochemiluminescence Energy Transfer for Ultrasensitive Bioanalysis of Aflatoxin M1
Authors: Liu Jia‐Li , Zhao Min , Zhuo Ying , Chai Ya‐Qin , Yuan Ruo 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe intermolecular electrochemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (ECL‐RET) between luminol and Ru(bpy)32+ was studied extensively to achieve the sensitive bioanalysis owing to the perfect spectral overlap of the donor and acceptor, but it still suffers from the challenging issue of low energy‐transfer efficiency. The intramolecular ECL‐RET towards the novel ECL compound containing the donor of luminol and the acceptor of Ru(bpy)2(mcpbpy)2+ (Lum‐Ru) was designed and investigated. With the high‐efficient ECL‐RET in one molecule, the highly intense ECL signal of Lum‐Ru was obtained owing to the short path of energy transmission and less energy loss between luminol and Ru(bpy)2(mcpbpy)2+. Lum‐Ru was further applied to construct a signal‐off electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor for ultrasensitive detection of a harsh carcinogen of Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1). This sensing platform also provides a significant boost for the trace detection of other biomolecules in clinical analysis.
Outer Surface Interactions of Cucurbit[6]uril That Trigger the Assembly of Supramolecular Three‐Dimensional Polycatenanes
Authors: Cui Xiaowei , Zhao Wenxuan , Chen Kai , Ni Xin‐Long , Zhang Yuan‐Qian , Tao Zhu 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA supramolecular polycatenane stabilized by outer surface interactions between cucurbit[6]uril (Q[6] or CB[6]) cations and [CdCl4]2− is reported. The arrangement of the poly‐interlocked supramolecular framework is evidently constructed by a favorable combination of weak non‐covalent interactions such as hydrophobic effects, hydrogen bonding, ion–dipole interactions, and C−H⋅⋅⋅Cl interactions in the solid state. Further study suggests that such 3D poly‐interlocked species could be rapidly precipitated from the mixture solution in high yield owing to electrostatic interaction of the [CdCl4]2− anion with the electropositive outer surface of Q[6] host. This work thus demonstrates a simple, low‐cost, and efficient non‐covalent approach for the construction of a infinite 3D interlocked structure in water besides through coordination or covalent bonds.
NHC‐Stabilised Acetylene—How Far Can the Analogy Be Pushed?
Authors: Georgiou Dayne C. , Zhao Lili , Wilson David J. D. , Frenking Gernot , Dutton Jason L. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractExperimental studies suggest that the compound (NHCbz)2C2H2 can be considered as a complex of a distorted acetylene fragment which is stabilised by benzoannelated N‐heterocyclic carbene ligands (NHCbz)→(C2H2)←(NHCbz). A quantum chemical analysis of the electronic structures shows that the description with dative bonds is more favourable than with electron‐sharing double bonds (NHCbz)=(C2H2)=(NHCbz).
Unconventional Reactivity of (Z)‐Enoate Propargylic Alcohols in the Presence of Acids
Authors: Tharra Prabhakararao , Baire Beeraiah 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe unconventional reactivity of (Z)‐enoate‐attached propargylic alcohols in the presence of acids (nucleophilic and non‐nucleophilic) was described. This study led to the discovery and development of a new strategy for the collective synthesis of the synthetically useful building blocks α‐OMs‐, α‐OTs‐, and α‐Cl‐enones, as well as 4,5‐dioxonoates. The reaction proceeded under very mild conditions and showed a broad substrate scope.
Black Magic in Gray Titania: Noble‐Metal‐Free Photocatalytic H2 Evolution from Hydrogenated Anatase
Authors: Liu Ning , Zhou Xuemei , Nguyen Nhat Truong , Peters Kristina , Zoller Florian , Hwang Imgon , Schneider Christopher , Miehlich Matthias E. , Freitag Detlef , Meyer Karsten , Fattakhova‐Rohlfing Dina , Schmuki Patrik 
Published: December 2016

Abstract‘Black’ TiO2—in the widest sense, TiO2 reduced by various treatments—has attracted tremendous scientific interest in recent years because of some outstanding properties; most remarkably in photocatalysis. While the material effects visible light absorption (the blacker, the better), black titania produced by high pressure hydrogenation was recently reported to show another highly interesting feature; noble‐metal‐free photocatalytic H2 generation. In a systematic investigation of high‐temperature hydrogen treatments of anatase nanoparticles, TEM, XRD, EPR, XPS, and photoelectrochemistry are used to characterize different degrees of surface hydrogenation, surface termination, electrical conductivity, and structural defects in the differently treated materials. The materials’ intrinsic activity for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is coupled neither with their visible light absorption behavior nor the formation of amorphous material, but rather must be ascribed to optimized and specific defect formation (gray is better than black). This finding is further confirmed by using a mesoporous anatase matrix as a hydrogenation precursor, which, after conversion to the gray state, even further enhances the overall photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity.
Study of Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 for Future Use in Secondary Microbial Electrochemical Technologies
Authors: Gimkiewicz Carla , Hegner Richard , Gutensohn Mareike F. , Koch Christin , Harnisch Falk 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe fluctuation and decentralization of renewable energy have triggered the search for respective energy storage and utilization. At the same time, a sustainable bioeconomy calls for the exploitation of CO2 as feedstock. Secondary microbial electrochemical technologies (METs) allow both challenges to be tackled because the electrochemical reduction of CO2 can be coupled with microbial synthesis. Because this combination creates special challenges, the electrochemical reduction of CO2 was investigated under conditions allowing microbial conversions, that is, for their future use in secondary METs. A reproducible electrodeposition procedure of In on a graphite backbone allowed a systematic study of formate production from CO2 with a high number of replicates. Coulomb efficiencies and formate production rates of up to 64.6±6.8 % and 0.013±0.002 mmolformate h−1 cm−2, respectively, were achieved. Electrode redeposition, reusability, and long‐term performance were investigated. Furthermore, the effect of components used in microbial media, that is, yeast extract, trace elements, and phosphate salts, on the electrode performance was addressed. The results demonstrate that the integration of electrochemical reduction of CO2 in secondary METs can become technologically relevant.
A genetic‐based decision algorithm for multisite computation offloading in mobile cloud computing
Authors: Goudarzi Mohammad , Zamani Mehran , Toroghi Haghighat Abolfazl 
Published: December 2016

SummaryMobile cloud computing is a promising approach to improve the mobile device's efficiency in terms of energy consumption and execution time. In this context, mobile devices can offload the computation‐intensive parts of their applications to powerful cloud servers. However, they should decide what computation‐intensive parts are appropriate for offloading to be beneficial instead of local execution on the mobile device. Moreover, in the real world, different types of clouds/servers with heterogeneous processing speeds are available that should be considered for offloading. Because making offloading decision in multisite context is an NP‐complete, obtaining an optimal solution is time consuming. Hence, we use a near optimal decision algorithm to find the best‐possible partitioning for offloading to multisite clouds/servers. We use a genetic algorithm and adjust it for multisite offloading problem. Also, genetic operators are modified to reduce the ineffective solutions and hence obtain the best‐possible solutions in a reasonable time. We evaluated the efficiency of the proposed method using graphs of real mobile applications in simulation experiments. The evaluation results demonstrate that our proposal outperforms other counterparts in terms of energy consumption, execution time, and weighted cost model.
Comparing glucose and hemoglobin A1c diagnostic tests among a high metabolic risk Hispanic population
Authors: Vega‐Vázquez Mónica A. , Ramírez‐Vick Margarita , Muñoz‐Torres Francisco J. , González‐Rodríguez Loida A. , Joshipura Kaumudi 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundCompare glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) diagnostic tests for prediabetes and diabetes with plasma glucose criteria and compare the metabolic profiles of people classified by HbA1c versus by glucose levels.MethodsParticipants were recruited for the San Juan Overweight Adults Longitudinal Study. The participants were primarily Hispanic (98%), without previously diagnosed diabetes, and aged 40 to 65 years. Participants classified as normal glycemic, prediabetes, or diabetes on the basis of baseline HbA1c and plasma glucose criteria were compared with respect to baseline cardiometabolic factors.ResultsThe 1342 participants had a mean age of 50.5 ± 6.8 years and 28% were men. Thirty‐one percent were diagnosed with prediabetes by plasma glucose criteria and 53.4% by HbA1c, and 8.1% were diagnosed with diabetes by plasma glucose criteria and 6.3% by HbA1c; overall concordance rate was 55.1%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of HbA1c compared to plasma glucose criteria was 0.62 for impaired glucose and 0.76 for diabetes. A worse cardiometabolic profile was seen within subgroups that met HbA1c and plasma glucose criteria for diabetes or prediabetes. Those diagnosed with prediabetes by plasma glucose criteria had significantly higher systolic blood pressure and higher homeostatic model assessment than those diagnosed using HbA1c. Participants diagnosed with diabetes by plasma glucose criteria had lower body mass index, smaller waist circumference, and lower insulinogenic and disposition indices, but higher homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, than those diagnosed by HbA1c.ConclusionsLow concordance was seen between HbA1c and glucose measurements. The HbA1c is not a good test for prediabetes but shows reasonable validity for diabetes in this high‐risk predominantly female Hispanic population. People classified by HbA1c, plasma glucose criteria, or both show different metabolic profiles; a combined test may be ideal.
Developmental transcriptional regulation by SUMOylation, an evolving field
Authors: Monribot‐Villanueva Juan , Zurita Mario , Vázquez Martha 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSUMOylation is a reversible post‐translational protein modification that affects the intracellular localization, stability, activity, and interactions of its protein targets. The SUMOylation pathway influences several nuclear and cytoplasmic processes. The expression of many genes, in particular those involved in development is finely tuned in space and time by several groups of proteins. There is growing evidence that transcriptional regulation mechanisms involve direct SUMOylation of transcriptional‐related proteins such as initiation and elongation factors, and subunits of chromatin modifier and remodeling complexes originally described as members of the trithorax and Polycomb groups in Drosophila. Therefore, it is being unveiled that SUMOylation has a role in both, gene silencing and gene activation mechanisms. The goal of this review is to discuss the information on how SUMO modification in components of these multi‐subunit complexes may have an effect in genome architecture and function and, therefore, in the regulation of gene expression in time and space.