bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using external knowledge to improve organizational innovativeness: understanding the knowledge leveraging process
Authors: Wang Xinchun , Arnett Dennis B , Hou Limin 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to develop a better understanding of the process used by organizations to leverage external knowledge. A model of the knowledge leveraging process is developed, which hypothesizes joint sensemaking is a key antecedent to both explicit and tacit knowledge exchange, a dual role for explicit knowledge exchange (i.e. as an antecedent of both tacit knowledge exchange and absorptive capacity) and absorptive capacity is a key mediator between knowledge exchange (both explicit and tacit) and organizational innovativeness.Design/methodology/approach– The hypothesized model is tested using survey data gathered from over 230 Chinese companies. The results from the analysis of the hypothesized model are compared to ones from a theory-based rival model. The analyses are performed using partial least squares analysis.Findings– The results suggest key roles for both joint sensemaking and absorptive capacity in the knowledge exchange process. In addition, our findings provide evidence regarding the interplay between explicit and tacit knowledge exchange and their role in the knowledge leveraging process.Research limitations/implications– The cross-sectional nature of the study provides limited inferences regarding causality. In addition, organizational innovativeness is measured using self-reported, subjective assessments. However, the results provide valuable insights into the knowledge leveraging process.Practical implications– The study increases our understanding of how organizations leverage external knowledge to improve organizational innovativeness. In addition, it provides specific guidance for managers interested in leveraging external knowledge.Originality/value– Knowledge and knowledge management issues are receiving increased attention in the marketing literature. However, due to the complexity involved in transferring and using external knowledge, our understanding of the processes involved is limited. Our study provides some insights regarding how firms leverage external knowledge and therefore should be of interest to both researchers and practitioners.
A case study for predicting the success possibility of supply chain practices implementation using AHP approach
Authors: Gorane Shrikant , Kant Ravi 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to predict the success possibility of supply chain practices (SCPs) implementation based on ten selected SCPs using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP).

Design/methodology/approach
– A case study was conducted, and for the same, data were collected from two organizations. The data collected from both the organizations were analyzed using AHP. The pair-wise comparisons of SCPs (usually, alternatives and attributes) are established using a scale indicating the strength with which one SCP dominates another with respect to higher-level SCPs. This scaling process then translated into priority weights. Once the priority weights of the elements/determinants of the module have been calculated, the presence of the corresponding element in the organization was evaluated. An evaluation rating of these elements multiplied by the established priority weights have determined the prediction weight for each SCP.

Findings
– The application of this procedure is described for the institutionalization module and can be similarly extended to the other SCPs/SCM implementation modules. By establishing the prediction weight for each module, the organizations will be able to evaluate the strength of the corresponding factors present before embarking on the SCPs. The organization can identify and create awareness of the essential elements in the SCPs implementation process and identify the actions necessary before implementing SCPs. The AHP can be a useful guide in the decision-making process of SCPs implementation, especially for medium- and large-scale organizations.

Research limitations/implications
– The priority weights are subjective and assigned as per the judgment of SCM managers from both the organizations. Further, the priority weights can be obtained from more industry experts through a questionnaire. Second, in this model, only ten practices are taken into consideration for successful SCPs implementation; more practices may be included in future research.

Practical implications
– The methodological approach presented can be a useful guide in the decision-making process of SCPs implementation in an organization. The outcome will aid practitioners to know the SCPs and benchmark the organizations on the basis of the methodological research conducted. Again, this model can simply act as a possible research model and the data can act as an example that can be utilized for other studies.

Originality/value
– This is the first kind of study which identified ten SCPs and further deployed AHP approach to see the success possibility of combined SCPs that influence the SCM implementation in an organization.
Inbound open innovation for pharmaceutical markets: a case study of an anti-diabetic drug in-licensing decision
Authors: Wu Allan Ya-Huan , Little Victoria Janine , Low Brian 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– This paper aims to increase understanding of how firms can more effectively identify valuable and profitable innovations in the pharmaceutical industry and to identify the issues and challenges posed by current managerial decision-making practices.Design/methodology/approach– A case study of a single project is presented: a drug in-licensing decision made by a team of three managers in a large Australian pharmaceutical firm. Using participant-observation, interviews and archival analysis, the authors followed the managers as they identified and evaluated 122 late-stage anti-diabetic drug variants for further development.Findings– The managers used decision heuristics to arrive at a short list of three drugs from a choice set of 122. While the process was ostensibly rational and systematic, there was evidence of data quality issues, misleading mental models and cognitive bias. The authors concluded a high probability of accepting a poor candidate or rejecting a stronger candidate (i.e. making Type I and II errors).Research limitations/implications– This paper focuses on initial market and technology evaluation stage only (i.e. not commercialization) and is a single case study design; therefore, care should be taken in generalizing to other decisions or other contexts. This paper highlights the need for further research integrating organizational decision-making and open innovation from a multi-disciplinary perspective.Practical/implications– This paper raises awareness of potential decision-making pitfalls and includes a detailed audit framework to support improved managerial decision processes and double rather than single loop learning.Social/implications– The findings support better decision-making and therefore supports higher quality drug selection and development, leading to improved population health outcomes.Originality/value– Multi-disciplinary, draws attention of marketing and new product development scholars to open innovation research. It adds to knowledge about open innovation practices at the project level. It also provides an extended model of market opportunity analysis for high technology markets.
Audit committee activity and internal control quality in Egypt
Authors: Khlif Hichem , Samaha Khaled 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between audit committee activity, external auditor’s size and internal control quality (ICQ) in the Egyptian setting. It also explores how external auditor’s size moderates the relationship between audit committee activity and ICQ.

Design/methodology/approach
– To obtain relevant information about ICQ in Egypt, the authors conducted a survey among external auditors using an internal control checklist.

Findings
– Results show that audit committee activity has a significant positive effect on ICQ. In addition, Big 4 auditors contribute significantly to the improvement of the ICQ in the Egyptian setting. Finally, the association between audit committee activity and ICQ is more pronounced when an organisation is audited by a Big 4 audit firm.

Originality/value
– The results this paper demonstrate that Big 4 auditors play a governance role in weak legal environment as exists in Egypt by strengthening the effectiveness of audit committee meetings. The findings also have policy implications for Egyptian standard-setters and other emerging economies characterised by an under-developed and poorly regulated audit market, with respect to the development of internal auditing standards.
Antecedents and consequences of firm’s export marketing strategy
Authors: Fuchs Manfred , Köstner Mariella 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among organizational factors (export market experience, international commitment), external environment (competitive intensity), export marketing strategy and export success. The findings yielded by the analyses confirm that export market-specific experience and international commitment are significant drivers of export success. In addition, the results indicate that the degree of product adaptation is positively related to profitability and overall success, while price and distribution adaptation to local conditions have a direct impact on sales growth. Finally, the authors found evidence that international commitment exerts a positive effect on the adaptation of marketing strategies to country-specific requirements. Thus, the study findings can be used to formulate business and marketing strategies to improve firm’s success in overseas markets.Design/methodology/approach– This study used PLS for dealing with formative and reflective measures and used a sample of 200 export ventures that exported on the average in more than 15 countries.Findings– This study clearly shows that export venture success is linked to managerial commitment and experiential knowledge and that firms contribute to export venture success by adapting product to foreign markets. It is also shown that firms in more competitive environments increase their effort to adapt, leading to better export venture performance.Research limitations/implications– Although Austrian companies are typically characterized as small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), the study is limited to this sample.Practical implications– Managers in SME should concentrate their effort on a small set of export venture countries of concentrate their capabilities and effort (commitment and personal) to increase adaptation in those selected market, which will lead to increasing export venture performance.Originality/value– The study differentiates between formative and reflective measures which most studies in this genre do not, which is a fundamental conceptual shortcoming. This study shows with robust result the interrelation between commitment and managerial experience (intra-firm factors) and the degree of competition in foreign markets and how marketing mix adaptation affects export venture performance measured over a period of five years.
Comparative study of technological innovativeness between individuals in the USA and India
Authors: Klein Andreas , Bhagat Parimal 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– One of the key drivers of competitiveness and growth of emerging countries is their ability to innovate. While India has successfully implemented innovative processes for software development, many Western nations have led in new product designs. The purpose of this paper is to examine the basic premise that the underlying ability of a country to innovate, while being constrained by other situational and structural factors, depends on the innate ability of especially younger individuals in a society to be innovative. Recognizing this trait, companies have recently begun considering consumers as co-creators of technological products and services.Design/methodology/approach– Research has focused on the impact of innovativeness in the adoption and use of new technological products with limited research of its impact on the design and creation process. This basic study compares the technological innovativeness of young individuals between a developed country (USA) and an emerging economy (India) along several psychological and behavioral dimensions. Scale reliabilities, principal component analyses and regression analyses were conducted to find main influencers on technological innovativeness in both countries.Findings– While hypothesis were derived that creativity, passion, expertise, thinking style and psychographics influence innovativeness, results reveal first impressions that expertise and psychographics are the main influencers on the technological innovativeness of young individuals in both countries. Moreover, a decomposition of thinking style does not add further predictive power to the model.Originality/value– The paper helps to extend the understanding as well as to carve out main drivers of technological innovativeness of young individuals across countries. Implications on cross-cultural research and for managers as well as directions for further research are discussed.
Examining relationships among corporate ethical values, commitment and turnover intentions
Authors: Kaur Japneet , Sharma Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship of corporate ethical values (CEV) on the work attitudes linked to the organizational behavior of employees. It primarily focusses on examining the relationship of CEV with organizational commitment (OC) and the turnover intention (TI) of employees.Design/methodology/approach– Study undertakes an explanatory analysis on a sample of 150 employees from large and medium scale Indian Information Technology Business Process Outsourcing firms.Findings– Results of the study revealed significant relationships among the variables. Strong positive association has been found between CEV and commitment, whereas, contrasting result has been found with TI of employees. CEV explained 22 percent and 23 percent of variance in commitment and TI, respectively. Moreover, the relationship of ethical values and TIs has been found to be mediated through OC.Practical implications– Study enables the managers to understand wider impact of ethics in an organization and its positive impact on employees in increasing their commitment levels. Managers should focus on the ethical aspects of conducting business to ensure that the employees are well engaged with their employer and have the least tendency to shift when given an opportunity.Originality/value– This research attempts to bridge the gap in the existing literature by explaining relationship among variables (CEV, OC and TI) in context to the South-Asian nations, and especially India.
The wound/burn guidelines – 5: Guidelines for the management of lower leg ulcers/varicose veins
Authors: Ito Takaaki , Kukino Ryuichi , Takahara Masakazu , Tanioka Miki , Nakamura Yasuhiro , Asano Yoshihide , Abe Masatoshi , Ishii Takayuki , Isei Taiki , Inoue Yuji , Imafuku Shinichi , Irisawa Ryokichi , Ohtsuka Masaki , Ohtsuka Mikio , Ogawa Fumihide , Kadono Takafumi , Kawakami Tamihiro , Kawaguchi Masakazu , Kono Takeshi , Kodera Masanari , Sakai Keisuke , Nakanishi Takeshi , Hashimoto Akira , Hasegawa Minoru , Hayashi Masahiro , Fujimoto Manabu , Fujiwara Hiroshi , Maekawa Takeo , Matsuo Koma , Madokoro Naoki , Yamasaki Osamu , Yoshino Yuichiro , Le Pavoux Andres , Tachibana Takao , Ihn Hironobu ,   The Wound/Burn Guidelines Committee
Published: March 2016

AbstractVaricose veins are treated at multiple clinical departments, but as patients often visit the dermatology clinic first due to leg ulcers, the present Guidelines for the Management of Lower Leg Ulcers/Varicose Veins were prepared in consideration of the importance of the dermatologist's role. Also, the disease concept of chronic venous insufficiency or chronic venous disorders and the CEAP classification of these disorders are presented. The objective of the present guidelines is to properly guide the diagnosis and treatment of lower leg ulcers/varicose veins by systematically presenting evidence‐based recommendations that support clinical decisions.
The wound/burn guidelines – 6: Guidelines for the management of burns
Authors: Yoshino Yuichiro , Ohtsuka Mikio , Kawaguchi Masakazu , Sakai Keisuke , Hashimoto Akira , Hayashi Masahiro , Madokoro Naoki , Asano Yoshihide , Abe Masatoshi , Ishii Takayuki , Isei Taiki , Ito Takaaki , Inoue Yuji , Imafuku Shinichi , Irisawa Ryokichi , Ohtsuka Masaki , Ogawa Fumihide , Kadono Takafumi , Kawakami Tamihiro , Kukino Ryuichi , Kono Takeshi , Kodera Masanari , Takahara Masakazu , Tanioka Miki , Nakanishi Takeshi , Nakamura Yasuhiro , Hasegawa Minoru , Fujimoto Manabu , Fujiwara Hiroshi , Maekawa Takeo , Matsuo Koma , Yamasaki Osamu , Le Pavoux Andres , Tachibana Takao , Ihn Hironobu ,   The Wound/Burn Guidelines Committee
Published: March 2016

AbstractBurns are a common type of skin injury encountered at all levels of medical facilities from private clinics to core hospitals. Minor burns heal by topical treatment alone, but moderate to severe burns require systemic management, and skin grafting is often necessary also for topical treatment. Inappropriate initial treatment or delay of initial treatment may exert adverse effects on the subsequent treatment and course. Therefore, accurate evaluation of the severity and initiation of appropriate treatment are necessary. The Guidelines for the Management of Burn Injuries were issued in March 2009 from the Japanese Society for Burn Injuries as guidelines concerning burns, but they were focused on the treatment for extensive and severe burns in the acute period. Therefore, we prepared guidelines intended to support the appropriate diagnosis and initial treatment for patients with burns that are commonly encountered including minor as well as moderate and severe cases. Because of this intention of the present guidelines, there is no recommendation of individual surgical procedures.
Associations Between Alcohol Consumption and Leukocyte Telomere Length Modified by a Common Polymorphism of ALDH2
Authors: Shin Chol , Baik Inkyung 
Published: March 2016

BackgroundData on the association between alcohol consumption and telomere length, a marker of biological aging, are inconsistent. Moreover, the genetic modification of this association has been reported only rarely. To evaluate the association between alcohol consumption and leukocyte telomere length (LTL), and the effect modification of this association by a common polymorphism of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene, we conducted a cross‐sectional study in a general population including 1,771 middle‐aged and elderly Koreans, aged 49 to 79 years.MethodsStudy participants provided blood samples between 2011 and 2012 for the LTL assay, and between 2001 and 2002 for genomewide genotyping. Between 2011 and 2012, they also completed a questionnaire‐based interview regarding their alcohol consumption. We examined effect modification by rs2074356, a surrogate marker of the ALDH2 polymorphism.ResultsHeavy alcohol consumption (average daily alcohol consumption of >30 g) was inversely associated with LTL only among carriers of the mutant alleles (CT and TT) of rs2074356 (p < 0.01). Among these subjects, elderly drinkers in particular showed the strongest association (p < 0.001). Light‐to‐moderate alcohol consumption on an almost daily basis was positively associated with LTL (p < 0.001), and this association was significant among carriers of the wild‐type allele (CC) of rs2074356 (p < 0.01) but not among those with the mutant alleles.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the potential benefit of light‐to‐moderate alcohol consumption and the detriment of heavy alcohol consumption on biological aging may depend on ALDH2 polymorphism.
Deconstructing the nature of episodic foresight deficits associated with chronic opiate use
Authors: Mercuri Kimberly , Terrett Gill , Bailey Phoebe E. , Henry Julie D. , Curran Helen Valerie , Rendell Peter G. 
Published: March 2016

ObjectivesEpisodic foresight refers to the capacity to mentally travel forward in time and has been linked to a wide variety of important functional behaviours. Evidence has recently emerged that chronic opiate use is associated with deficits in this critical capacity and that these difficulties are not simply a secondary consequence of broader cognitive dysfunction. The current study aimed to better understand the circumstances in which chronic opiate users might be expected to have problems with episodic foresight, by addressing whether deficits reflect compromised scene construction, self‐projection, or narrative ability.MethodsThirty‐five chronic opiate users and 35 demographically matched controls completed an imagination task in which they were instructed to imagine and provide descriptions of an atemporal event, a plausible, self‐relevant future event, as well as complete a narrative task. These three imagination conditions systematically varied in their demands on scene construction, self‐projection, and narrative ability.ResultsConsistent with prior literature, chronic opiate users exhibited reduced capacity for episodic foresight relative to controls. However, this study was the first to show that these difficulties were independent of capacity for scene construction and narration. Instead, a specific impairment in self‐projection into the future appears to contribute to the problems with episodic foresight seen in this clinical group.ConclusionsDeficits in self‐projection into the future may have important implications in therapeutic environments given that many relapse prevention strategies rely heavily on the ability to project oneself into an unfamiliar future, free of problem substance use.Practitioner points

A reduced capacity for episodic foresight highlights the importance of refining current relapse prevention protocols that place significant demands for mental time travel into the future.

Psychosocial treatments should focus on the attainment of more immediate or short‐term goals.

It is difficult to delineate the effects of specific substances given long‐standing drug use history common to chronic opiate users.

Conclusions relating to neurological functioning are speculative given the absence of neuroimaging data.
Treatment of erosive oral lichen planus with methotrexate
Authors: Lajevardi Vahideh , Ghodsi Seyedeh Zahra , Hallaji Zahra , Shafiei Zahra , Aghazadeh Nessa , Akbari Zahra 
Published: March 2016

SummaryBackground and objectivesErosive oral lichen planus (EOLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa causing significant pain and impairment of the quality of life. No immediate and definitive cure is available, especially in its chronic and most recalcitrant forms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of methotrexate treatment in EOLP.Patients and methodsA prospective open trial of oral methotrexate 15 mg QWK in 18 patients with EOLP (clinically and histopathologically confirmed) unresponsive to at least one previous topical or systemic medication. Duration: Twelve weeks followed by twelve weeks of follow‐up.ResultsPartial response or better was achieved in 15 (83.3 %) patients. A statistically significant reduction in Thongprasom scale score was observed (mean value 5 at baseline, 3.08 ± 1.11 at week 12, 2.94 ± 0.97 at week 24, P value < 0.001). A statistically significant reduction was noted in the pain visual analogue scale (mean value 6.55 ± 2.33 at baseline, 2.46 ± 2.18 at week 12, 2.29 ± 1.93 at week 24, P value < 0.001). Adverse events occurred in four (22.2 %) patients, requiring discontinuation of treatment in one patient.ConclusionMethotrexate is a valuable therapeutic option in longstanding recalcitrant EOLP, particularly with respect to the improvement of subjective symptoms. Randomized controlled trials are required.