bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Reduction of Protic Supercritical CO2 on Copper Electrodes
Authors: Melchaeva Olga , Voyame Patrick , Bassetto Victor Costa , Prokein Michael , Renner Manfred , Weidner Eckhard , Petermann Marcus , Battistel Alberto 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide is usually studied in aqueous solutions under ambient conditions. However, the main disadvantages of this method are high hydrogen evolution and low faradaic efficiencies of carbon‐based products. Supercritical CO2 (scCO2) can be used as a solvent itself to suppresses hydrogen evolution and tune the carbon‐based product yield; however, it has received little attention for this purpose. Therefore, the focus of this study was on the electrochemical reduction of scCO2. The conductivity of scCO2 was increased through the addition of supporting electrolyte and a cosolvent (acetonitrile). Furthermore, the addition of protic solutions of different pH to scCO2 was investigated. 1 m H2SO4, trifluoroethanol, H2O, KOH, and CsHCO3 solutions were used to determine the effect on current density, faradaic efficiency, and selectivity of the scCO2 reduction. The reduction of scCO2 to methanol and ethanol are reported for the first time. However, methane and ethylene were not observed. Additionally, corrosion of the Cu electrode was noticed.
Merit of hybrid EDFA/Raman amplification in fixed‐grid all‐optical network exploiting multirate transponders
Authors: Ahmad Arsalan , Bianco Andrea , Chouman Hussein , DeTommas Daniele , Marchetto Guido , Tahir Sarosh , Curri Vittorio 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThe constant need to improve network capacity and reduce power consumption in current fixed‐grid WDM networks motivates researchers to find alternative solutions other than replacing the deployed equipment. One of the possible solutions is the use of hybrid EDFA/Raman amplifier, which improves signal‐to‐noise‐ratio in a point‐to‐point link. This work aims at quantifying, by means of a detailed power model, the effect of these novel ideas on the power consumption of the network, which is key to build a future green Internet. In particular, we consider the use of a randomly generated topology of 20 nodes to study the effect of hybrid amplification, fiber type, fiber span length, and sensitivity to average link length and average traffic per node. Results show that hybrid amplification in moderate pumping regime minimizes total network power consumption for networks made up of all 3 fiber types in particular for nonzero dispersion‐shifted fiber.
Subcatchment deltas and upland features influence multiscale aquatic ecosystem recovery in damaged landscapes
Authors: Kielstra Brian W. , Arnott Shelley E. , Gunn John M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAssessing biological recovery in damaged aquatic environments requires the consideration of multiple spatial and temporal scales. Past research has focused on assessing lake recovery from atmospheric or catchment disturbance at regional or catchment levels. Studies have also rarely considered the influences of adjacent terrestrial characteristics on within‐lake habitats, such as subcatchment delta confluences. We usedHyalella azteca, a ubiquitous freshwater amphipod, as a sensitive indicator to assess the importance of local subcatchment scale factors in the context of multiscale lake recovery within the metal mining region of Sudbury, Canada following a period of major reductions in atmospheric pollution. At the regional scale, data from repeated surveys of 40 lakes showed higher probabilities ofH. aztecaoccurrence with higher lake water conductivity, alkalinity, andpHand lower metal concentrations. The importance of metals decreased through time and the importance of higher conductivity, alkalinity, andpHincreased. At the subcatchment scale, a subset of six lakes sampled across a colonization gradient revealed higherH. aztecaabundances at subcatchment delta sites than non‐delta sites in early colonization stages, and that abundance at delta sites was correlated with both within‐lake habitat and terrestrial subcatchment characteristics. For example, wetland cover reduced the strength of positive associations betweenH. aztecaabundance and macrophyte density. A single lake from this subset also revealed higher abundances at delta sites associated with higher concentrations of terrestrial organic matter and larger subcatchments. Our results demonstrate that factors affecting recovery can change with the scale of study, and that managing terrestrial‐aquatic linkages is important for facilitating recovery processes within damaged lake ecosystems.
Ag[B(SO4)2] – Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Characterization of the First Precious‐Metal Borosulfate
Authors: Bruns Jörn , Podewitz Maren , Schauperl Michael , Liedl Klaus R. , Janka Oliver , Pöttgen Rainer , Huppertz Hubert 
Published: August 2017

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the international collaboration of the Huppertz and Liedl groups (Leopold‐Franzenss‐Universität, Innsbruck, Austria) with Oliver Janka associated to the Pöttgen Group (Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität, Münster, Germany). The cover image shows the synthesis of the first precious‐metal borosulfate, Ag[B(SO4)2].
The role of retributive justice and the use of international criminal tribunals in post‐conflict reconciliation
Authors: Li Mengyao , Leidner Bernhard , Petrović Nebojša , Orazani Seyed Nima , Rad Mostafa Salari 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFour experiments examined people's responses to intergroup violence either committed or suffered by their own group. Experiment 1 demonstrated that Serbs who strongly glorified Serbia were more supportive of future violence against, and less willing to reconcile with, Bosniaks after reading about Serbian victimization by Bosniaks rather than Serbian transgressions against Bosniaks. Replicating these effects with Americans in the context of American–Iranian tensions, Experiment 2 further showed that demands for retributive justice explained why high glorifiers showed asymmetrical reactions to ingroup victimization vs. perpetration. Again in the Serb and the American context, respectively, Experiments 3 and 4 demonstrated that post‐conflict international criminal tribunals can help satisfy victim group members' desire for retributive justice, and thereby reduce their support for future violence and increase their willingness to reconcile with the perpetrator group. The role of retributive justice and the use of international criminal justice in intergroup conflict (reduction) are discussed.
Exploring social identity change during mental healthcare transition
Authors: McNamara Niamh , Coyne Imelda , Ford Tamsin , Paul Moli , Singh Swaran , McNicholas Fiona 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAdolescents attending Child & Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) requiring ongoing care are transferred to adult services (AMHS) at eighteen. Many young people with service needs are not being referred, or are refusing referral to AMHS. This study explored these issues from a social identity change perspective. Transcripts of interviews conducted with young people (n = 11), their parents (n = 5) and child (n = 11) and adult (n = 8) psychiatrists were thematically analysed. Transition to AMHS confirmed an illness identity. Young people adopting this identity saw continued service engagement as identity‐congruent. Disengagement was attributed to failure to adopt an illness identity or to an emerging adult identity associated with greater independence. Fractious professional relationships hindered transition and delayed the formation of a therapeutic alliance with AMHS staff. Disengagement post‐transfer was linked to incompatibility between the AMHS service remit and specific illness identities. This study demonstrates how an intersection between identities shapes service engagement and disengagement.
Inverse photovoltaic yield model for global horizontal irradiance reconstruction
Authors: Elsinga Boudewijn , van Sark Wilfried , Ramaekers Lou 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis article describes the method of deriving Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) from combining power measurements with static meta data (tilt, orientation, brand/type) of rooftop photovoltaic (PV)‐systems. This inverse PV model implements a forward yield model that is based on a modified Orgill and Hollands decomposition model and the Perez transposition model for irradiance. The forward as well as the inverse PV model were validated with DC power measurements of four different mono‐ and polycrystalline modules combined with weather station data (2 minute resolution data over a period ranging from the 11th of June through the 24th of August 2014). The bias‐corrected forward PV model shows a best (r)RMSE of 16.0 W (15.1%) with a (r)MBE of −1.67 W (−1.57%) for one of the polycrystalline modules. The bias‐corrected inverse PV model shows a best (r)RMSE of 65.6 Wm−2 15.1% with a (r)MBE of 0.994 Wm−2 (0.229%) for one of the polycrystalline modules. Similar results were obtained for the three other modules.
Impacts of temperature and selected chemical digestion methods on microplastic particles
Authors: Munno Keenan , Helm Paul A. , Jackson Donald A. , Rochman Chelsea , Sims Alina 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Alkaline and wet peroxide oxidation chemical digestion techniques used to extract microplastics from organic matrices were assessed for recoveries and for impacts on ability to identify polymer types. Methods using wet peroxide oxidation generated enough heat to result in the complete loss of some types of microplastic particles, and boiling tests confirmed that temperatures &gt;70 °C were responsible for the losses. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed minimal alteration of the recovered polymers by the applied methods. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:91–98. © 2017 SETAC
Boundary spanners and intra‐MNC knowledge sharing: The roles of controlled motivation and immediate organizational context
Authors: Minbaeva Dana , Santangelo Grazia D. 
Published: August 2017

Research summaryWe examine the conditions under which boundary spanners positively contribute to intra‐MNC knowledge sharing. Specifically, we argue that the knowledge‐sharing behavior of boundary spanners should not be taken for granted, as it is affected by the individual's motivation to share knowledge and is contingent upon the immediate organizational context in which the individual is located. An analysis of data covering 482 individuals located in different business units of a Danish MNC confirms our arguments.Managerial summaryBoundary spanners are employees who act as knowledge intermediaries between many individuals from within and outside their organizations. They are well connected internally and externally and share knowledge across MNC units to a greater extent than non‐boundary spanners. However, their contribution to knowledge sharing should not be taken for granted as it depends on their motivation and their immediate context.
Deep learning with convolutional neural networks for EEG decoding and visualization
Authors: Schirrmeister Robin Tibor , Springenberg Jost Tobias , Fiederer Lukas Dominique Josef , Glasstetter Martin , Eggensperger Katharina , Tangermann Michael , Hutter Frank , Burgard Wolfram , Ball Tonio 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDeep learning with convolutional neural networks (deep ConvNets) has revolutionized computer vision through end‐to‐end learning, that is, learning from the raw data. There is increasing interest in using deep ConvNets for end‐to‐end EEG analysis, but a better understanding of how to design and train ConvNets for end‐to‐end EEG decoding and how to visualize the informative EEG features the ConvNets learn is still needed. Here, we studied deep ConvNets with a range of different architectures, designed for decoding imagined or executed tasks from raw EEG. Our results show that recent advances from the machine learning field, including batch normalization and exponential linear units, together with a cropped training strategy, boosted the deep ConvNets decoding performance, reaching at least as good performance as the widely used filter bank common spatial patterns (FBCSP) algorithm (mean decoding accuracies 82.1% FBCSP, 84.0% deep ConvNets). While FBCSP is designed to use spectral power modulations, the features used by ConvNets are not fixed a priori. Our novel methods for visualizing the learned features demonstrated that ConvNets indeed learned to use spectral power modulations in the alpha, beta, and high gamma frequencies, and proved useful for spatially mapping the learned features by revealing the topography of the causal contributions of features in different frequency bands to the decoding decision. Our study thus shows how to design and train ConvNets to decode task‐related information from the raw EEG without handcrafted features and highlights the potential of deep ConvNets combined with advanced visualization techniques for EEG‐based brain mapping. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5391–5420, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The role of vascular resistance in BOLD responses to progressive hypercapnia
Authors: Duffin James , Sobczyk Olivia , Crawley Adrian , Poublanc Julien , Venkatraghavan Lashmi , Sam Kevin , Mutch Alan , Mikulis David , Fisher Joseph 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe ability of the cerebral vasculature to regulate vascular diameter, hence resistance and cerebral blood flow (CBF), in response to metabolic demands (neurovascular coupling), and perfusion pressure changes (autoregulation) may be assessed by measuring the CBF response to carbon dioxide (CO2). In healthy individuals, the CBF response to a ramp CO2 stimulus from hypocapnia to hypercapnia is assumed sigmoidal or linear. However, other response patterns commonly occur, especially in individuals with cerebrovascular disease, and these remain unexplained. CBF responses to CO2 in a vascular region are determined by the combined effects of the innate vascular responses to CO2 and the local perfusion pressure; the latter ensuing from pressure‐flow interactions within the cerebral vascular network. We modeled this situation as two vascular beds perfused in parallel from a fixed resistance source. Our premise is that all vascular beds have a sigmoidal reduction of resistance in response to a progressive rise in CO2. Surrogate CBF data to test the model was provided by magnetic resonance imaging of blood oxygen level‐dependent (BOLD) signals. The model successfully generated all the various BOLD‐CO2 response patterns, providing a physiological explanation of CBF distribution as relative differences in the network of vascular bed resistance responses to CO2. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5590–5602, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neural predictors of motor control and impact of visuo‐proprioceptive information in youth
Authors: Corporaal Sharissa H.A. , Gooijers Jolien , Chalavi Sima , Cheval Boris , Swinnen Stephan P. , Boisgontier Matthieu P. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFor successful motor control, the central nervous system is required to combine information from the environment and the current body state, which is provided by vision and proprioception respectively. We investigated the relative contribution of visual and proprioceptive information to upper limb motor control and the extent to which structural brain measures predict this performance in youth (n = 40; age range 9–18 years). Participants performed a manual tracking task, adopting in‐phase and anti‐phase coordination modes. Results showed that, in contrast to older participants, younger participants performed the task with lower accuracy in general and poorer performance in anti‐phase than in‐phase modes. However, a proprioceptive advantage was found at all ages, that is, tracking accuracy was higher when proprioceptive information was available during both in‐ and anti‐phase modes at all ages. The microstructural organization of interhemispheric connections between homologous dorsolateral prefrontal cortices, and the cortical thickness of the primary motor cortex were associated with sensory‐specific accuracy of tracking performance. Overall, the findings suggest that manual tracking performance in youth does not only rely on brain regions involved in sensorimotor processing, but also on prefrontal regions involved in attention and working memory. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5628–5647, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effects of memory training on behavioral and microstructural plasticity in young and older adults
Authors: de Lange Ann‐Marie Glasø , Bråthen Anne Cecilie Sjøli , Rohani Darius A. , Grydeland Håkon , Fjell Anders M. , Walhovd Kristine B. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAge differences in human brain plasticity are assumed, but have not been systematically investigated. In this longitudinal study, we investigated changes in white matter (WM) microstructure in response to memory training relative to passive and active control conditions in 183 young and older adults. We hypothesized that (i) only the training group would show improved memory performance and microstructural alterations, (ii) the young adults would show larger memory improvement and a higher degree of microstructural alterations as compared to the older adults, and (iii) changes in memory performance would relate to microstructural alterations. The results showed that memory improvement was specific to the training group, and that both the young and older participants improved their performance. The young group improved their memory to a larger extent compared to the older group. In the older sample, the training group showed less age‐related decline in WM microstructure compared to the control groups, in areas overlapping the corpus callosum, the cortico‐spinal tract, the cingulum bundle, the superior longitudinal fasciculus, and the anterior thalamic radiation. Less microstructural decline was related to a higher degree of memory improvement. Despite individual adaptation securing sufficient task difficulty, no training‐related group differences in microstructure were found in the young adults. The observed divergence of behavioral and microstructural responses to memory training with age is discussed within a supply‐demand framework. The results demonstrate that plasticity is preserved into older age, and that microstructural alterations may be part of a neurobiological substrate for behavioral improvements in older adults. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5666–5680, 2017. © 2018 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published byWiley Periodicals, Inc.
Combining task‐related activation and connectivity analysis of fMRI data reveals complex modulation of brain networks
Authors: Gerchen Martin Fungisai , Kirsch Peter 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTask‐related effects in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data are usually analyzed with local activation approaches or integrative connectivity approaches, for example, by psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis. While both approaches are often applied to the same data set, a systematic combination of the results with a whole‐brain (WB) perspective is rarely conducted and the relationship between task‐dependent activation and connectivity effects is relatively unexplored. Here, we combined brain activation and graph theoretical analysis of WB‐PPI results in an exemplary episodic memory data set of N = 136 healthy human participants and found regions with congruent as well as incongruent activation and connectivity changes between task and control conditions. A comparison with large‐scale resting state networks showed that in congruent as well as incongruent regions task‐positively modulated connections were mainly between‐network connections, especially with the default mode network, while task‐negatively modulated connections were mainly found within resting state networks. Over all regions, the strength of absolute activation effects was associated with the tendency to exhibit task‐positive connectivity changes, mainly driven by a strong relationship in negatively activated regions. These results demonstrate that task demands lead to a complex modulation of brain networks and provide evidence that task‐evoked activation and connectivity effects reflect separable and complementary information on the macroscale brain level assessed by fMRI. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5726–5739, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
CCL2, CCL5, and IGF‐1 participate in the immunomodulation of osteogenesis during M1/M2 transition in vitro
Authors: Córdova Luis A. , Loi Florence , Lin Tzu‐Hua , Gibon Emmanuel , Pajarinen Jukka , Nabeshima Akira , Lu Laura , Yao Zhenyu , Goodman Stuart B. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe modulation of macrophage phenotype from pro‐inflammatory (M1) to tissue healing (M2) via exogenous addition of interleukin‐4 (IL‐4) facilitates osteogenesis; however, the molecular mediators underlying this phenomenon remain unknown. This study characterizes the IL‐4‐dependent paracrine crosstalk between macrophages and osteoprogenitors and its effect on osteogenesis in vitro. Primary murine M1 were co‐cultured with MC3T3 cells (M1‐MC3T3) in both transwell plates and direct co‐cultures. To modulate M1 to M2, M1‐MC3T3 were treated with IL‐4 (20 ng/mL) at day 3 after seeding (M1 + IL‐4‐MC3T3). Selected molecular targets were assessed at days 3 and 6 after seeding at protein and mRNA levels. Mineralization was assessed at day 21. Transwell M1 + IL‐4‐MC3T3 significantly enhanced the secretion of CCL2/MCP‐1, IGF‐1 and to a lesser degree, CCL5/RANTES at day 6. At day 3, alkaline phosphatase (Alpl) was upregulated in direct M1‐MC3T3. At day 6, Smurf2 and Insulin growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) were downregulated and upregulated, respectively, in direct M1 + IL‐4‐MC3T3. Finally, M1 + IL‐4‐MC3T3 increased bone matrix mineralization compared with MC3T3 cells in transwell, but this was significantly less than M1‐MC3T3. Taken together, macrophage subtypes enhanced the osteogenesis in transwell setting and the transition from M1 to M2 was associated with an increase in bone anabolic factors CCL2/MCP‐1, CCL5/RANTES and IGF‐1 in vitro. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3069–3076, 2017.
Staphylococcal biofilm gene expression on biomaterials — A methodological study
Authors: Juhlin Annika , Svensson Sara , Thomsen Peter , Trobos Margarita 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe combination of increased healthcare access, universal aging, and infallible therapy demands, synergistically drive the need for the development of biomaterial technologies that mitigate the challenge of biomaterial‐associated infections (BAI). Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus account for the majority of BAI due to their ability to accumulate in adherent multilayered biofilm. This investigation details the development of gene expression assays to evaluate the genetic processes of attachment, accumulation, maturation, and dispersal phases of biofilms on biomaterials in vitro, while abiding by the Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real‐Time PCR Experiments (MIQE) guidelines. The biofilm formation of S. epidermidis on polyurethane (PU) central venous catheters and S. aureus on machined titanium (Ti) was examined in terms of gene expression at early and late time points. The results provided insight into how each stage of biofilm formation is orchestrated over time on these biomaterials in vitro. Furthermore, the results suggested that mechanical RNA extraction, organic solvents, elimination of genomic DNA, and preamplification are advisable strategies to implement for biofilm gene expression analysis. It is concluded that this method can be employed for the assessment of biofilm‐biomaterial interactions at the molecular level. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3400–3412, 2017.