bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communicating about raising the retirement age using frames and counterframes
Authors: Vyncke Bart , Van Gorp Baldwin 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
This study discusses the frames that were used in the public debate about raising the retirement age in Belgium from 65 to 67 years. The purpose of this paper is to gain insight into the prevailing frames in order to develop counterframes that are less problematizing and can be used to bring more nuance to the debate.

Design/methodology/approach
An inductive framing analysis was conducted, using articles from Flemish newspapers and magazines, published in a two-year period (March 2013-March 2015). This sample was complemented by a convenience sample of texts by various stakeholders. The total sample consisted of 182 texts.

Findings
The analysis yielded four problematizing frames and six deproblematizing counterframes. They cover both the meaning of work for the individual, and the effect that working longer has on society.

Practical implications
The overview of the frames can be used as a tool to analyze existing communication, and to bring more nuance to future communication by introducing deproblematizing perspectives into the debate regarding the need to work for a longer period of time.

Originality/value
In addition to giving an overview of existing frames, the study also constructed alternatives which can be used to deproblematize the issue of having to work longer.
Microfinance as a tool for developing resilience in vulnerable communities
Authors: Ullah Inayat , Khan Madiha 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review different microfinance products and services that can be offered to reduce the financial vulnerabilities of communities at risk. Following a detail literature review, the effectiveness of different forms of microfinance services in creating resilience in the affected communities was analysed and whether they can be applied to mitigate the risk of future disasters was assessed. In addition, the study was conducted to assess whether microcredit can help reduce direct risk exposure of the poor through income smoothing.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on a review of existing theories.

Findings
The notion that most vulnerable communities are financially weak is evident from studies. This study finds that microcredit can help reduce direct risk exposure of poor through income smoothing, while saving can help them recover from the losses of disasters. Our review also suggests that there is no specific model of microfinance services which can have a holistic impact on the financial capacity-building, particularly during the rehabilitation process.

Research limitations/implications
There are different categories of microfinance products with distinct characteristics and associated benefits to the communities. Some of the major microfinance products as identified in this study are, saving products, credit products and insurance products. These products have multidimensional benefits, as there are many approaches adopted by microfinance institutions (MFIs) and clients regarding the use of these products. However this study focuses on the use of these products towards resilience development in the community. Other applications of these products still need to be explored.

Practical implications
There is a need for a comprehensive financial tool that can be effectively applied to expedite the process of rehabilitation and reduce the financial impact of disasters on the community, particularly the poor. Major issues in the context of disasters faced by MFIs to design their products in the affected areas are also highlighted in the study.

Social implications
The study throws lights on different microfinancial tools such as microloans, microcredits and cash for work, etc. offered by banks and other organizations and highlights their role in the rehabilitation and reconstruction of those affected by disasters in different parts of the world.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the discourse of microfinance and its social applications in developing countries. It provides original role of microfinance as a tool for creating community resilience to the impacts of disasters.
Linearized differential current sensor in low-voltage CMOS
Authors: Naudé Neil , Sinha Saurabh 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
This work aims to improve upon the linearity of integrated CMOS current sensors used in switch mode power supply topologies, using a low-cost and low-voltage (less than 1.2 V) CMOS technology node. Improved sensor accuracy contributes to efficiency in switched supplies by reducing measurement errors when it is integrated with closed-loop control.

Design/methodology/approach
Integrated current-sensing methods were investigated and CMOS solutions were prioritized. These solutions were implemented and characterized in the desired process and shortcomings were identified. A theoretical analysis accompanied by simulated tests was used to refine improvements which were prototyped. The current sensor prototypes were fabricated and tested.

Findings
Measured and simulated results are presented which show improved linearity in current sensor outputs. Techniques borrowed from analog amplifier design can be used to improve the dynamic range and linearity of current-steered CMOS pairs for measuring current. A current sensor with a gain of 5 V/A operating in a 10 MHz switch mode supply environment is demonstrated.

Originality/value
This paper proposes an alternative approach to creating suitable bias conditions for linearity in a SenseFET topology. The proposed method is compact and architecturally simple in comparison to other techniques.
Impact of Seasonal Hypoxia on Activity and Community Structure of Chemolithoautotrophic Bacteria in a Coastal Sediment
Authors: Lipsewers Yvonne A. , Vasquez-Cardenas Diana , Seitaj Dorina , Schauer Regina , Hidalgo-Martinez Silvia , Sinninghe Damsté Jaap S. , Meysman Filip J. R. , Villanueva Laura , Boschker Henricus T. S. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Seasonal hypoxia in coastal systems drastically changes the availability of electron acceptors in bottom water, which alters the sedimentary reoxidation of reduced compounds. However, the effect of seasonal hypoxia on the chemolithoautotrophic community that catalyzes these reoxidation reactions is rarely studied. Here, we examine the changes in activity and structure of the sedimentary chemolithoautotrophic bacterial community of a seasonally hypoxic saline basin under oxic (spring) and hypoxic (summer) conditions. Combined 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and analysis of phospholipid-derived fatty acids indicated a major temporal shift in community structure. Aerobic sulfur-oxidizing
Gammaproteobacteria
(
Thiotrichales
) and
Epsilonproteobacteria
(
Campylobacterales
) were prevalent during spring, whereas
Deltaproteobacteria
(
Desulfobacterales
) related to sulfate-reducing bacteria prevailed during summer hypoxia. Chemolithoautotrophy rates in the surface sediment were three times higher in spring than in summer. The depth distribution of chemolithoautotrophy was linked to the distinct sulfur oxidation mechanisms identified through microsensor profiling, i.e., canonical sulfur oxidation, electrogenic sulfur oxidation by cable bacteria, and sulfide oxidation coupled to nitrate reduction by
Beggiatoaceae
. The metabolic diversity of the sulfur-oxidizing bacterial community suggests a complex niche partitioning within the sediment, probably driven by the availability of reduced sulfur compounds (H
2
S, S
0
, and S
2
O
3
2−
) and electron acceptors (O
2
and NO
3
−
) regulated by seasonal hypoxia.

IMPORTANCE
Chemolithoautotrophic microbes in the seafloor are dependent on electron acceptors, like oxygen and nitrate, that diffuse from the overlying water. Seasonal hypoxia, however, drastically changes the availability of these electron acceptors in the bottom water; hence, one expects a strong impact of seasonal hypoxia on sedimentary chemolithoautotrophy. A multidisciplinary investigation of the sediments in a seasonally hypoxic coastal basin confirms this hypothesis. Our data show that bacterial community structure and chemolithoautotrophic activity varied with the seasonal depletion of oxygen. Unexpectedly, the dark carbon fixation was also dependent on the dominant microbial pathway of sulfur oxidation occurring in the sediment (i.e., canonical sulfur oxidation, electrogenic sulfur oxidation by cable bacteria, and sulfide oxidation coupled to nitrate reduction by
Beggiatoaceae
). These results suggest that a complex niche partitioning within the sulfur-oxidizing bacterial community additionally affects the chemolithoautotrophic community of seasonally hypoxic sediments.
ICARUS study: prevalence and clinical features of impulse control disorders in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Antonini Angelo , Barone Paolo , Bonuccelli Ubaldo , Annoni Karin , Asgharnejad Mahnaz , Stanzione Paolo , Avesani Mirko , Palandin Francesco 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundImpulse control disorders/other compulsive behaviours (‘ICD behaviours’) occur in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but prospective studies are scarce, and prevalence and clinical characteristics of patients are insufficiently defined.ObjectivesTo assess the presence of ICD behaviours over a 2-year period, and evaluate patients’ clinical characteristics.MethodsA prospective, non-interventional, multicentre study (ICARUS (Impulse Control disorders And the association of neuRopsychiatric symptoms, cognition and qUality of life in ParkinSon disease); SP0990) in treated Italian PD outpatients. Study visits: baseline, year 1, year 2. Surrogate primary variable: presence of ICD behaviours and five ICD subtypes assessed by modified Minnesota Impulsive Disorder Interview (mMIDI).Results1069/1095 (97.6%) patients comprised the Full Analysis Set. Point prevalence of ICD behaviours (mMIDI; primary analysis) was stable across visits: 28.6% (306/1069) at baseline, 29.3% (292/995) at year 1, 26.5% (245/925) at year 2. The most prevalent subtype was compulsive eating, followed by punding, compulsive sexual behaviour, gambling and buying disorder. Patients who were ICD positive at baseline were more likely to be male, younger, younger at PD onset, have longer disease duration, more severe non-motor symptoms (including mood and sexual function), depressive symptoms, sleep impairment and poorer PD-related quality of life. However, they did not differ from the ICD-negative patients in their severity of PD functional disability, motor performance and cognitive function.ConclusionsPrevalence of ICD behaviours was relatively stable across the 2-year observational period. ICD-positive patients had more severe depression, poorer sleep quality and reduced quality of life.
Umbilical infections in foals: microbiological investigation and management
Authors: Rampacci E. , Passamonti F. , Bottinelli M. , Stefanetti V. , Cercone M. , Nannarone S. , Gialletti R. , Beccati F. , Coletti M. , Pepe M. 
Published: March 2017

This study aims to investigate the bacteria involved in equine omphalitis and their susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs, and consequently to provide guidelines concerning the most suitable treatment protocol in accordance with the clinical, ultrasound and laboratory findings. Forty foals aged between one and 30 days were evaluated in the course of this investigation. An ultrasound examination of all umbilical remnants was carried out carefully in all foals; umbilical swabs were collected for bacteriological examination, and blood samples were collected for blood culture from 19 foals with fever and abnormal blood values. Bacterial omphalitis was observed in 95 per cent of foals and bacterial septicaemia was diagnosed in 11 cases. Enterobacteria and coccoid Gram‐positive bacteria were isolated more frequently than Serratia marcescens, Pantoea agglomerans and Trueperella pyogenes. Omphalectomy was performed in 77.5 per cent of the foals examined; the remainder were treated only medically with antimicrobial drugs as recommended by antibiotic susceptibility testing performed for all bacteria isolated. Antibiotic therapy was successful in all foals that only received medical treatment; nevertheless, omphalectomy was performed in most cases particularly in situations of clinical decline despite antibiotic therapy and when involvement of umbilical vein, fever and joint disorders were observed.
Spectral decomposition: an aid in characterizing field architectures of the Laggan and Tormore fields, Faroe–Shetland Basin
Authors: Wright K. A. , Nice R. , Tazzi M. , Purnell K. , Penasse V. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Spectral decomposition analyses seismic reflectivity data in the frequency domain, providing images of the subsurface that complement conventional seismic interpretation. It is a highly visual tool that allows additional value to be extracted from seismic data, to aid in the identification of geological information and to be used in conjunction with more traditional methods such as amplitude extraction and attribute analysis. The methods of spectral decomposition chosen utilized a top reservoir seismic reflection surface, with the selected dominant frequency volumes coloured and recombined in a spatial context to produce various red–green–blue (RGB) blends. Application of spectral decomposition to the Laggan and Tormore fields revealed the varied distribution of turbiditic sands, as well as extensive east–west faults that have previously been inferred from seismic reflection data. These enhanced images of the reservoir provide a more detailed interpretation of the field architecture and have been captured in DONG E&P UK Ltd's own fault and reservoir models, leading to a greater understanding of potential field development outcomes and future well placement decisions. Attempts to distinguish hydrocarbon effects using spectral decomposition proved difficult, although interesting frequency variations around a known gas–oil contact (GOC) were noted.
Integrative Cancer Pharmacogenomics to Infer Large-Scale Drug Taxonomy
Authors: El-Hachem Nehme , Gendoo Deena M.A. , Ghoraie Laleh Soltan , Safikhani Zhaleh , Smirnov Petr , Chung Christina , Deng Kenan , Fang Ailsa , Birkwood Erin , Ho Chantal , Isserlin Ruth , Bader Gary D. , Goldenberg Anna , Haibe-Kains Benjamin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIdentification of drug targets and mechanism of action (MoA) for new and uncharacterized anticancer drugs is important for optimization of treatment efficacy. Current MoA prediction largely relies on prior information including side effects, therapeutic indication, and chemoinformatics. Such information is not transferable or applicable for newly identified, previously uncharacterized small molecules. Therefore, a shift in the paradigm of MoA predictions is necessary toward development of unbiased approaches that can elucidate drug relationships and efficiently classify new compounds with basic input data. We propose here a new integrative computational pharmacogenomic approach, referred to as Drug Network Fusion (DNF), to infer scalable drug taxonomies that rely only on basic drug characteristics toward elucidating drug–drug relationships. DNF is the first framework to integrate drug structural information, high-throughput drug perturbation, and drug sensitivity profiles, enabling drug classification of new experimental compounds with minimal prior information. DNF taxonomy succeeded in identifying pertinent and novel drug–drug relationships, making it suitable for investigating experimental drugs with potential new targets or MoA. The scalability of DNF facilitated identification of key drug relationships across different drug categories, providing a flexible tool for potential clinical applications in precision medicine. Our results support DNF as a valuable resource to the cancer research community by providing new hypotheses on compound MoA and potential insights for drug repurposing. Cancer Res; 77(11); 3057–69. ©2017 AACR.
Noninvasive Imaging of Cycling Hypoxia in Head and Neck Cancer Using Intrinsic Susceptibility MRI
Authors: Panek Rafal , Welsh Liam , Baker Lauren C.J. , Schmidt Maria A. , Wong Kee H. , Riddell Angela M. , Koh Dow-Mu , Dunlop Alex , Mcquaid Dualta , d'Arcy James A. , Bhide Shreerang A. , Harrington Kevin J. , Nutting Christopher M. , Hopkinson Georgina , Richardson Cheryl , Box Carol , Eccles Suzanne A. , Leach Martin O. , Robinson Simon P. , Newbold Kate L. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate intrinsic susceptibility (IS) MRI for the identification of cycling hypoxia, and the assessment of its extent and spatial distribution, in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) xenografts and patients.
Experimental Design: Quantitation of the transverse relaxation rate, R2*, which is sensitive to paramagnetic deoxyhemoglobin, using serial IS-MRI acquisitions, was used to monitor temporal oscillations in levels of paramagnetic deoxyhemoglobin in human CALR xenografts and patients with HNSCC at 3T. Autocovariance and power spectrum analysis of variations in R2* was performed for each imaged voxel, to assess statistical significance and frequencies of cycling changes in tumor blood oxygenation. Pathologic correlates with tumor perfusion (Hoechst 33342), hypoxia (pimonidazole), and vascular density (CD31) were sought in the xenografts, and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI was used to assess patient tumor vascularization. The prevalence of fluctuations within patient tumors, DCE parameters, and treatment outcome were reported.
Results: Spontaneous R2* fluctuations with a median periodicity of 15 minutes were detected in both xenografts and patient tumors. Spatially, these fluctuations were predominantly associated with regions of heterogeneous perfusion and hypoxia in the CALR xenografts. In patients, R2* fluctuations spatially correlated with regions of lymph nodes with low Ktrans values, typically in the vicinity of necrotic cores.
Conclusions: IS-MRI can be used to monitor variations in levels of paramagnetic deoxyhemoglobin, associated with cycling hypoxia. The presence of such fluctuations may be linked with impaired tumor vasculature, the presence of which may impact treatment outcome. Clin Cancer Res; 23(15); 4233–41. ©2017 AACR.
Identification of Glycopeptides as Posttranslationally Modified Neoantigens in Leukemia
Authors: Malaker Stacy A. , Penny Sarah A. , Steadman Lora G. , Myers Paisley T. , Loke Justin C. , Raghavan Manoj , Bai Dina L. , Shabanowitz Jeffrey , Hunt Donald F. , Cobbold Mark 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Leukemias are highly immunogenic, but they have a low mutational load, providing few mutated peptide targets. Thus, the identification of alternative neoantigens is a pressing need. Here, we identify 36 MHC class I–associated peptide antigens with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modifications as candidate neoantigens, using three experimental approaches. Thirteen of these peptides were also detected with disaccharide units on the same residues and two contain either mono- and/or di-methylated arginine residues. A subset were linked with key cancer pathways, and these peptides were shared across all of the leukemia patient samples tested (5/5). Seven of the O-GlcNAc peptides were synthesized and five (71%) were shown to be associated with multifunctional memory T-cell responses in healthy donors. An O-GlcNAc-specific T-cell line specifically killed autologous cells pulsed with the modified peptide, but not the equivalent unmodified peptide. Therefore, these posttranslationally modified neoantigens provide logical targets for cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(5); 376–84. ©2017 AACR.
Analyzing Influence of the Transmission Medium on Timing Signals Transmitted by Hybrid Optical Transport Technologies
Authors: Róka Rastislav , Dolinayová Veronika 
Published: March 2017

The contribution deals with synchronization aspects in SDH and Synchronous Ethernet timing networks utilizing optical transmission medium. First, it explains a hierarchical configuration of timing network elements, characterizes transmission features of the optical fiber, particularly its main negative influences influencing transmitted information signals. The main part is dedicated to the evaluation program created for analyzing influences of the optical transmission path on timing signals transmitted by SDH and SyncE transport technologies. At last, resultant values from the introduced evaluation program are presented and evaluated.
Prognostic Implications of Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia in High-Risk Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wang Weijia , Lian Zhesi , Rowin Ethan J. , Maron Barry J. , Maron Martin S. , Link Mark S. 
Published: March 2017

Background—
The prognostic significance of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is incompletely resolved.

Methods and Results—

The study group comprised 160 patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs), of whom 94 patients had 24- to 48-hour ambulatory monitoring preimplant. ICDs were interrogated and ambulatory ECGs monitored for NSVT episodes, with associations between NSVT- and ICD-treated ventricular arrhythmias examined. Eighty-six (54%) patients had runs of NSVT, including 17 before implant on ambulatory monitoring, 44 after ICD implantation, and 22 on both. Agreement between preimplant ambulatory monitoring and ICD interrogation for detecting NSVT was poor (κ=0.18). Eighteen of 86 patients (21%) with NSVT and 6 of 74 patients (8%) without NSVT experienced ICD-treated ventricular tachycardia (VT)/ventricular fibrillation (VF). NSVT was significantly associated with ICD-treated VT/VF (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.41–11.29;
P
=0.0093). ICD-treated VT/VF was associated with NSVT runs at a rate >200 beats per minute (adjusted hazard ratio, 15.63; 95% confidence interval, 4.01–60.89;
P
<0.0001) and >7 beats (adjusted hazard ratio, 6.26; 95% confidence interval, 2.02–19.41;
P
=0.0015). Repetitive runs of NSVT were also associated with ICD-treated VT/VF (adjusted hazard ratio, 9.22; 95% confidence interval, 2.53–33.60;
P
=0.0008). Slower (≤200 beats per minute), shorter (≤7), or a single run of NSVT were not associated with ICD-treated ventricular arrhythmias.

Conclusions—
On extended monitoring, NSVT was independently associated with ICD-treated ventricular arrhythmias, supporting the importance of NSVT in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy risk stratification. Faster rate (>200 beats per minutes), longer (>7 beats), and repetitive runs of NSVT were more highly predictive of ICD-treated VT/VF.