bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A risk score including microdeletions improves relapse prediction for standard and medium risk precursor B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children
Authors: Sutton Rosemary , Venn Nicola C. , Law Tamara , Boer Judith M. , Trahair Toby N. , Ng Anthea , Den Boer Monique L. , Dissanayake Anuruddhika , Giles Jodie E. , Dalzell Pauline , Mayoh Chelsea , Barbaric Draga , Revesz Tamas , Alvaro Frank , Pieters Rob , Haber Michelle , Norris Murray D. , Schrappe Martin , Dalla Pozza Luciano , Marshall Glenn M 
Published: December 2017

SummaryTo prevent relapse, high risk paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is treated very intensively. However, most patients who eventually relapse have standard or medium risk ALL with low minimal residual disease (MRD) levels. We analysed recurrent microdeletions and other clinical prognostic factors in a cohort of 475 uniformly treated non‐high risk precursor B‐cell ALL patients with the aim of better predicting relapse and refining risk stratification. Lower relapse‐free survival at 7 years (RFS) was associated with IKZF1 intragenic deletions (P < 0·0001); P2RY8‐CRLF2 gene fusion (P < 0·0004); Day 33 MRD>5 × 10−5 (P < 0·0001) and High National Cancer Institute (NCI) risk (P < 0·0001). We created a predictive model based on a risk score (RS) for deletions, MRD and NCI risk, extending from an RS of 0 (RS0) for patients with no unfavourable factors to RS2 + for patients with 2 or 3 high risk factors. RS0, RS1, and RS2 + groups had RFS of 93%, 78% and 49%, respectively, and overall survival (OS) of 99%, 91% and 71%. The RS provided greater discrimination than MRD‐based risk stratification into standard (89% RFS, 96% OS) and medium risk groups (79% RFS, 91% OS). We conclude that this RS may enable better early therapeutic stratification and thus improve cure rates for childhood ALL.
Information governance in digitized public administration
Authors: Brown David C. G. , Toze Sandra 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAs the public sector increasingly transforms itself and its processes through digital technologies, information—the prime resource—the governance of information, and the need for advanced information skills, have moved to centre stage. Information governance processes form a critical bridge between the legacy systems of the past and the agile and mobile platforms of the future. Describing the forces at play, which include new information formats, modes of transmission and uses but also new skills and governance requirements, this article proposes an information governance‐centred research agenda. Considering information governance through a holistic lens is essential to ensure that the new possibilities available through technology can be leveraged to transform government, while government information itself is preserved as the essential tool for current and future government decision‐making, as a critical service to the public, as public memory, and as the foundation for public sector accountability and transparency.
A historical perspective on milestones in multiple myeloma research
Authors: Ribatti Domenico 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe first well‐documented case of multiple myeloma was reported in 1844 by Samuel Solly. In this article, the author presents a historical review of the disease. In particular, the review is focused on the main steps, including the definition of Bence Jones proteinuria, the characterization of tumoral plasma cells and serum globulins, and the fundamental contribution of Jan Waldenstrom. Finally, treatment of multiple myeloma, as well as the development of new agents, is discussed.
A curtain of gloom is descending on the continent: Capitalism, democracy and Europe
Authors: Brunkhorst Hauke 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe democratic and social states of the EU (together with other OECD countries) have transformed capitalism. This was also due not only to national but also to the impressive advances of transnational constitutionalism. Great parts of the means of production have been socialised or partly socialised. Finally, the democratic and social states of Europe did not turn to socialism, but became a new formation of democracy with socialist characteristics, and that for the time being was the only formation of modern democracy that ever worked. However, democratic social welfare capitalism has suffered from two problems: secular stagnation and horizontal exclusion. Aggressive neoliberalism, politically and theoretically well prepared, took its chance and changed the direction of the evolution of world society. The last 40 years witnessed a great transformation from full‐fledged market‐controlling democracy to market‐conforming post‐democracy. However, in Europe, political alternatives between social and neoliberal models remained open until the establishment of a common currency without legislator and government, which had the unintended effect of excluding all alternatives to neoliberalism once it was established under the rule of competition law that became the substantial (factual) constitution of Europe. The global economic crisis of 2008 caused a state of permanent crises in Europe, which at present are managed by an ever more exceptional regime of technocrats and experts. It would seem that either democracy comes to an end in Europe and in all of its Member States or Europe becomes the first transnational regime that is not less but more democratic and social than its former Member States.
Pond permanence is a key determinant of aquatic macroinvertebrate community structure in wetlands
Authors: Gleason Jennifer E. , Rooney Rebecca C. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Globally, many aquatic ecosystems experience periodic desiccation that imposes stress on biota. The Northern Prairie Pothole Region (NPPR) in Alberta, Canada, contains abundant wetlands that fill with spring snowmelt and then draw down throughout the summer. They are often assigned a pond‐permanence class based on the duration of ponded water.

These dynamic wetlands are home to diverse and productive communities of macroinvertebrates. We expected that pond permanence structures macroinvertebrate communities in NPPR wetlands. In addition to exploring the taxonomic composition of macroinvertebrate communities, we aimed to characterise these communities by functional groups to test for associations between pond permanence and desiccation strategies, feeding groups or behavioural guilds.

We sampled aquatic macroinvertebrates from 87 wetlands in the NPPR that spanned a range of pond‐permanence classes. We identified macroinvertebrates to the lowest practical taxonomic level, usually family. We then performed multivariate analyses (multiresponse permutation procedures, non‐metric multidimensional scaling) to identify differences in community composition and functional groups among permanence classes.

Community composition of macroinvertebrates was statistically distinct among pond‐permanence classes, with the extremes of temporarily‐ and permanently‐ ponded wetlands differing most. Notably, macroinvertebrates in temporarily‐ ponded wetlands were not unique taxa specially adapted to low‐permanence wetlands, but rather a subset of the community found in more permanent wetlands. In other words, macroinvertebrates at the family level exhibit a nested pattern of diversity best predicted by the permanence of ponded water in wetlands.
Direct Conservative Domain in the Continuous Galerkin Method for Groundwater Models
Authors: Wu Qiang , Zhao Yingwang , Lin Yu‐Feng F. , Xu Hua , Zhang Hanxiong 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe continuous Galerkin finite element method is commonly considered locally nonconservative because a single element with fluxes computed directly from its potential distribution is unable to conserve its mass and fluxes across edges that are discontinuous. Some literature sources have demonstrated that the continuous Galerkin method can be locally conservative with postprocessed fluxes. This paper proposes the concept of a direct conservative domain (DCD), which could conserve mass when fluxes are computed directly from the potential distribution. Also presented here is a method for modifying the advection fluxes to obtain different conservative domains from the DCDs. Furthermore, DCDs are used to analyze the local conservation of several postprocessing algorithms, for which DCDs provide the theoretical basis. The local conservation of DCDs and the proposed method are illustrated and verified by using a hypothetical 2‐D model.
Nitrogen fertilization of warm‐season turfgrasses irrigated with saline water from varying irrigation systems. 1. Quality, spring green‐up and fall colour retention
Authors: Serena M. , Schiavon M. , Sallenave R. , Leinauer B. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA 3‐year study was conducted at New Mexico State University in Las Cruces, NM, to investigate the effects of different fertilization treatments on turf performance when water conservation strategies are applied. These strategies include the use of non‐potable saline irrigation water and the use of efficient subsurface irrigation systems. Two low water use warm‐season grasses, “Princess 77” bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) and “Sea Spray” seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum O. Swartz), were irrigated with either potable [Electrical Conductivity (EC) = 0.6 dS/m] or saline (EC = 3.1 dS/m) water from either an overhead or a subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) system. Four different fertilizers, liquid slow release, granular slow release, granular urea and liquid urea, were applied at two rates: 10 and 20 g N m−2 year−1 for “Sea Spray” and 20 and 30 g N m−2 year−1 for “Princess 77.” Spring green‐up, summer quality and fall colour retention were determined using digital image analysis, visual quality ratings and normalized difference vegetation index. Generally, subsurface drip‐irrigated grasses were slower to green‐up than overhead irrigated ones. “Sea Spray” irrigated from the SDI system took 18, 28 and 15 days longer to reach 80% green cover in 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively, than their sprinkler‐irrigated counterparts. The combination of “Princess 77” and overhead irrigation reached 80% green cover 35 (in 2010), 34 (in 2011) and 12 (in 2012) days faster than SDI‐irrigated “Princess 77.” Fertilization rate and type had no effect on summer turfgrass quality of “Princess 77” irrigated from a sprinkler system throughout the research period reaching ratings of greater than 7 during all 3 years. Similar results were observed for “Princess 77” irrigated from a SDI system during 2010 and 2011. Summer quality of sprinkler‐irrigated “Sea Spray” was negatively affected by liquid fertilization. During two of three summers, visual quality of plots fertilized with either liquid slow release or liquid urea was lower than “Sea Spray” fertilized with granular fertilizer. Further research is needed to investigate the effect of fertilization on bermudagrass and seashore paspalum over a wider nitrogen range including both granular and foliar products.
Rapid nongenomic modulation by neurosteroids of dendritic spines in the hippocampus: Androgen, oestrogen and corticosteroid
Authors: Murakami G. , Hojo Y. , Kato A. , Komatsuzaki Y. , Horie S. , Soma M. , Kim J. , Kawato S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMemories are stored in synapses that consist of axon terminals and dendritic spines. Dendritic spines are postsynaptic structures of synapses and are essential for synaptic plasticity and cognition. Therefore, extensive investigations concerning the functions and structures of spines have been performed. Sex steroids and stress steroids have been shown to modulate hippocampal synapses. Although the rapid modulatory action of sex steroids on synapses has been studied in hippocampal neurones over several decades, the essential molecular mechanisms have not been fully understood. Here, a description of kinase‐dependent signalling mechanisms is provided that can explain the rapid nongenomic modulation of dendritic spinogenesis in rat and mouse hippocampal slices by the application of sex steroids, including dihydrotestosterone, testosterone, oestradiol and progesterone. We also indicate the role of synaptic (classic) sex steroid receptors that trigger these rapid synaptic modulations. Moreover, we describe rapid nongenomic spine modulation by applying corticosterone, which is an acute stress model of the hippocampus. The explanations for the results obtained are mainly based on the optical imaging of dendritic spines. Comparisons are also performed with results obtained from other types of imaging, including electron microscopic imaging. Relationships between spine modulation and modulation of cognition are discussed. We recognise that most of rapid effects of exogenously applied oestrogen and androgen were observed in steroid‐depleted conditions, including acute slices of the hippocampus, castrated male animals and ovariectomised female animals. Therefore, the previously observed effects can be considered as a type of recovery event, which may be essentially similar to hormone replacement therapy under hormone‐decreased conditions. On the other hand, in gonadally intact young animals with high levels of endogenous sex hormones, further supplementation of sex hormones might not be effective, whereas the infusion of blockers for steroid receptors or kinases may be effective, with respect to suppressing sex hormone functions, thus providing useful information regarding molecular mechanisms.
Mother's level of confidence in caring for her late preterm infant: A mixed methods study
Authors: Premji Shahirose S. , Pana Gianella , Currie Genevieve , Dosani Aliyah , Reilly Sandra , Young Marilyn , Hall Marc , Williamson Tyler , Lodha Abhay K 
Published: December 2017

Aim and objectivesTo examine what it means to be a mother of a late preterm infant including a mother's level of confidence in caring for her late preterm infant over time and the effect of maternal depression of this experience.BackgroundLittle is known about mothers' experiences of caring for their late preterm infants in the community, including their level of confidence and parenting stress within the context of a supported care environment by public health nurses.DesignA mixed methods study, sequential explanatory quantitative and qualitative study.MethodsA convenience sample of mothers with LPIs (n = 71) completed questionnaires on maternal confidence (3–4 weeks and 6–8 weeks), parenting stress (6–8 weeks), social support (6–8 weeks) and postpartum depression (6–8 weeks). A purposive sample of mothers (n = 11) underwent in‐depth, semi‐structured interviews.ResultsMaternal confidence decreased from 3–4 weeks–6–8 weeks after delivery, and similar results were found for mothers who reported depressive symptoms. Narratives of the mothers suggested the decrease in maternal confidence over time was influenced by the demanding characteristics of the late preterm infant, the prospect of their rehospitalisation and the mother's reported interactions with public health nurses. Depression had an effect on maternal confidence; that is, the depressed mothers demonstrated less confidence about their caretaking role than the nondepressed mothers at 6–8 weeks. Mothers did not discuss mental health issues, which may reflect the protective effects of social support on emotional instability or an inability to recognise postpartum depression.ConclusionThe confidence of mothers with LPIs decreased over the first 2 months following delivery and being home with their infants. Assisting mothers to meet their personal needs and the needs of their infant should promote maternal skills, which will likely increase maternal confidence related to the care of their late preterm infant.Relevance for Clinical PracticeCharacteristics of LPIs contributed more to parenting stress score than parent characteristics; mothers however attempted to normalise the late preterm infant in order to minimise the parenting stress. Evidence‐informed brief interventions tailored based on late preterm infant and parent characteristics may improve maternal confidence over time. Healthcare professional should provide education and anticipatory guidance prior to discharge, consistent care in hospital and postdischarge as this may impact maternal level of confidence. Future research needs to examine standards of care for discharge of LPIs and adherence to these standards.
Comparison of outpatient and home‐based exercise training programmes for COPD: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wuytack Francesca , Devane Declan , Stovold Elizabeth , McDonnell Melissa , Casey Michelle , McDonnell Timothy J. , Gillespie Paddy , Raymakers Adam , Lacasse Yves , McCarthy Bernard 
Published: December 2017

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable and treatable disease. Exercise training programmes (ETPs) improve symptoms, health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and exercise capacity, but the optimal setting is unknown. In this review, we compared the effects of ETPs in different settings on HRQoL and exercise capacity. We searched (5 July 2016) the Cochrane Airways Group Specialised Register, ClinicalTrials.gov and World Health Organization trials portal. We selected studies, extracted data and assessed risk of bias with two independent reviewers. We calculated mean differences (MD) with 95% CI. We assessed the quality of evidence using Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation.Ten trials (934 participants) were included. Hospital (outpatient) and home‐based ETPs (seven trials) were equally effective at improving HRQoL on the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ) (dyspnoea: MD −0.09, 95% CI: −0.28 to 0.10; fatigue: MD −0.00, 95% CI: −0.18 to 0.17; emotional: MD 0.10, 95% CI: −0.24 to 0.45; and mastery: MD −0.02, 95% CI: −0.28 to 0.25; moderate quality) and on the St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) (MD −0.82, 95% CI: −7.47 to 5.83, low quality). Hospital (outpatient) and community‐based ETPs (three trials) were equally effective at improving HRQoL (CRQ dyspnoea: MD 0.29, 95% CI: −0.05 to 0.62, moderate quality; fatigue: MD −0.02, 95% CI: −1.09 to 1.05, low quality; emotional: MD 0.10, 95% CI: −0.40 to 0.59, moderate quality; and mastery: MD −0.08, 95% CI: −0.45 to 0.28, moderate quality). There was no difference in exercise capacity. There was low to moderate evidence that outpatient and home‐based ETPs are equally effective.See related Editorial
Non‐uniform splitting of a single mantle plume by double cratonic roots: Insight into the origin of the central and southern East African Rift System
Authors: Koptev Alexander , Cloetingh Sierd , Gerya Taras , Calais Eric , Leroy Sylvie 
Published: December 2017

AbstractUsing numerical thermo‐mechanical experiments we analyse the role of an active mantle plume and pre‐existing lithospheric thickness differences in the structural development of the central and southern East African Rift system. The plume‐lithosphere interaction model setup captures the essential features of the studied area: two cratonic bodies embedded into surrounding lithosphere of normal thickness. The results of the numerical experiments suggest that localization of rift branches in the crust is mainly defined by the initial position of the mantle plume relative to the cratons. We demonstrate that development of the Eastern branch, the Western branch and the Malawi rift can be the result of non‐uniform splitting of the Kenyan plume, which has been rising underneath the southern part of the Tanzanian craton. Major features associated with Cenozoic rifting can thus be reproduced in a relatively simple model of the interaction between a single mantle plume and pre‐stressed continental lithosphere with double cratonic roots.
Antenatal anemia increases the risk of receiving postpartum red blood cell transfusions although the overall risk of transfusion is low
Authors: Petty Kate , Waters Jonathan H. , Sakamoto Sara B. , Yazer Mark H. 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUNDThe objective was to determine if antenatal anemia is associated with postpartum red blood cell (RBC) transfusion.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWomen who gave birth at a regional, tertiary care maternity hospital between December 1, 2015, and September 31, 2016, with a documented antenatal hemoglobin (Hb) concentration were included. Women were grouped into those who were either anemic (Hb < 11.0 g/dL) or nonanemic. The change in Hb concentration and RBC transfusion rates were compared between the anemic and nonanemic women, as well as by the mode of delivery (vaginal vs. Cesarean). To estimate the volume of blood loss in a normal delivery, the mean postpartum Hb concentration decrease for the not transfused women was calculated by subtracting the nadir postpartum Hb concentration from the antenatal Hb concentration and averaging these concentrations according to delivery route.RESULTSOf 8039 cases analyzed, 1562 (19%) had antenatal anemia and 6477 (81%) were nonanemic. Of the anemic women, 57 (3.6%) received an RBC transfusion compared to 49 (0.76%) of the nonanemic women (p = 0.0001; odds ratio, 4.97; 95% confidence interval, 3.38‐7.31). Antenatal anemia was significantly associated with receiving an RBC transfusion regardless of mode of delivery for those who delivered vaginally (p = 0.0001) or by Cesarean (p = 0.0001) compared to those who were nonanemic. The mean postpartum Hb concentration decrease was 1.12 ± 1.12 g/dL for vaginal deliveries and 1.34 ± 0.21 g/dL for Cesarean deliveries in the not transfused women (p = 0.0001).CONCLUSIONAlthough the overall rate of transfusion was low, antenatal anemia was significantly associated with receiving a postpartum RBC transfusion.
A RANDOMNESS‐BASED THEODICY FOR EVOLUTIONARY EVILS
Authors: Wessling Jordan , Rasmussen Joshua 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe develop and knit together several theodicies in order to find a more complete picture of why certain forms of (nonhuman) animal suffering might be permitted by a perfect being. We focus on an especially potent form of the problem of evil, which arises from considering why a perfectly good, wise, and powerful God might use evolutionary mechanisms that predictably result in so much animal suffering and loss of life. There are many existing theodicies on the market, and although they offer helpful resources, we combine and further develop several proposals to produce a composite theodicy that avoids certain shortcomings of the individual theodicies. An important element of our project is locating a role for randomness in cosmic and biological evolution. In particular, we show how randomness might enhance or enable certain goods, including everlasting goods, at the risk of temporary evils.
Trastornos neuropsiquiátricos en la población con VIH: una revisión narrativa
Authors: Salazar Luis Miguel , De La Hoz Alejandro , Ruiz Gaviria Rafael , Valderrama Sandra Liliana , Gómez Restrepo Carlos 
Published: December 2017

<p><strong>Introducción</strong>: el sistema nervioso central es uno de los órganos afectados, de manera directa e indirecta, por el VIH; adicionalmente, los trastornos psiquiátricos son más frecuentes en esta población. <strong>Objetivo:</strong> comprender la patogénesis, las manifestaciones clínicas y el manejo de las enfermedades neuropsiquiátricas en la población con VIH. <strong>Métodos</strong>: se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Medline, Embase, SciELO, LILACS y PsychInfo utilizando término libres y MeSH. <strong>Resultados</strong>: los trastornos neuropsiquiátricos generan un impacto negativo en el tratamiento y seguimiento de los pacientes con VIH, lo cual disminuye su adherencia al tratamiento y aumenta las dificultades en su manejo integral. Llamativamente, existe una falta de estudios latinoamericanos en esta área. </p>