PERKEMBANGAN ENZIM PENCERNAAN LARVA IKAN PATIN, Pangasius hypophthalmus sp.
Authors: Effendi Irzal , Widanarni . , Augustine D. 
Published: February 2017

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="en-gb" xml:lang="en-gb">Development of digestive enzymes; protease, lipase and amylase were observed in patin catfish, <em>Pangasius hypophthalmus</em>, larvae.<span> </span>The 1 day old larvae (day after hatching), with 3,37-3,97 mm length and 0,62-0,79 mg weight, were reared in aquarium 60x50x40 cm with stocking<span> </span>density of 20 fish/l.<span> </span>Larvae were fed<span> </span>Artemia dan tubificid worms 2-8 dan 7-15 days after hatching (dAH),<span> </span>respectively (schedule I);<span> </span>2-6 and<span> </span>5-15 dAH (schedule II); and 2-4 and 5-15 dAH (schedule III).<span> </span><em>Chlorella</em> was ready to eat by larvae at the entirely rearing.<span> </span><span>For enzyme assay, larvae were sampled from each aquarium at stages of </span>1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15 <span>dAH.<span> </span></span>Protease and lipase activity were detected in digestive tract of<span> </span>1 dAH larvae.<span> </span>Digestive enzymes development have a similar pattern in larvae for all feeding schedules.<span> </span><span>Protease activity<span> </span>decreased with the increasing of age until 3 dAH, then increased<span> </span>until the larvae reached 7 dAH, and sharply decreased until 10 dAH and then slowly decreased thereafter. Lipase activity tended to increase slowly with age up to 3 dAH, and increased sharply until 5 dAH, and then decreased sharply until 7 dAH<span> </span>before decreased again up to the end of rearing.<span> </span>Amylase activity in larvae increased slowly with the increasing of age up to 5 dAH, then increased sharply until 7 dAH, and decreased thereafter.<span> </span>In dimly lighted larvae, amylase activity decreased before increased up to 12 d AH, then decreased thereafter.<span> </span>The amount of food organisms in larval gut, body weight and length, and survival rate of larvae were also measured and discussed.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="en-gb" xml:lang="en-gb">Key Words:</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="en-gb" xml:lang="en-gb"><span> </span>Digestive enzymes, development, larvae, patin catfish, <em>Pangasius hypophthalmus</em></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in"> </span></p><h1 style="margin-top: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">ABSTRAK</span></h1><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan enzim protease, lipase dan amilase saluran pencernaan larva ikan patin akibat perubahan skedul pemberian pakan.<span> </span>Larva ikan patin (panjang 3,77–3,97 mm dan bobot 0,62-0,79 mg) berumur 1 hari dipelihara di akuarium 60x50x40 cm dengan kepadatan 20 ekor/l.<span> </span>Larva diberi pakan dengan tiga skedul pemberian; skedul I, <em>Artemia</em> dan cacing diberikan ketika larva ikan patin berumur masing-masing 2-8 dan 7-15 hari; skedul II, <em>Artemia</em> 2-6 hari dan cacing 5-15 hari; skedul III, <em>Artemia</em> 2-4 hari dan cacing 5-15 hari. <em>Chlorella</em> diberikan sepanjang pemeliharaan larva. Contoh larva umur 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 dan 15 hari diambil sebanyak 0,5 g setelah dipuasakan selama 4 jam.<span> </span>Asai protease, lipase dan amilase terhadap homogenate larva<span> </span>dilakukan dengan menggunakan masing-masing substrat kasein 1%,<span> </span>minyak kelapa sawit dan pati 1%.<span> </span>Anatomi, isi saluran pencernaan, pertumbuhan bobot dan kelangsungan hidup larva juga diamati.<span> </span>Tidak terdapat perbedaan pertumbuhan larva yang diberi pakan dengan skedul berbeda, namun larva yang diberi <em>Artemia</em> lebih lama (skedul I) memiliki kelangsungan hidup lebih baik.<span> </span>Larva ikan patin umur 1 hari setelah menetas ternyata sudah mengandung enzim protease dan lipase di saluran pencernaannya.<span> </span>Perkembangan enzim pencernaan memiliki pola yang hampir sama pada setiap skedul pemberian pakan.<span> </span>Aktivitas protease menurun pada larva umur 3 hari, selanjutnya meningkat tajam hingga larva umur 7 hari, kemudian menurun tajam hingga larva umur 10 hari dan akhirnya menurun landai.<span> </span>Aktivitas lipase meningkat lambat hingga larva umur 3 hari, kemudian meningkat tajam hingga larva umur 5 hari, selanjutnya menurun tajam hingga larva umur 7 hari dan akhirnya menurun landai.<span> </span>Aktivitas amilase semakin meningkat lambat dengan bertambahnya umur larva hingga 5 hari, selanjutnya meningkat tajam hingga larva berumur 7 hari dan kemudian menurun.<span> </span>Perkembangan enzim pencernaan larva ikan patin ini sejalan dengan perkembangan (diferensiasi) anatomi saluran pencernaan.<span> </span>Saluran pencernaan larva berisi <em>Artemia</em>, cacing dan plankton dengan jumlah yang semakin meningkat dengan bertambahnya umur larva.<span> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in">Kata kunci:</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;" lang="in" xml:lang="in"><span> </span>Enzim pencernaan, perkembangan, larva, ikan patin, <em>Pangasius hypophthalmus</em></span></p>