bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generalized Adaptation to Dysarthric Speech
Authors: Borrie Stephanie A. , Lansford Kaitlin L. , Barrett Tyson S. 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
Generalization of perceptual learning has received limited attention in listener adaptation studies with dysarthric speech. This study investigated whether adaptation to a talker with dysarthria could be predicted by the nature of the listener's prior familiarization experience, specifically similarity of perceptual features, and level of intelligibility.

Method
Following an intelligibility pretest involving a talker with ataxic dysarthria, 160 listeners were familiarized with 1 of 7 talkers with dysarthria—who differed from the test talker in terms of perceptual similarity (same, similar, dissimilar) and level of intelligibility (low, mid, high)—or a talker with no neurological impairment (control). Listeners then completed an intelligibility posttest on the test talker.

Results
All listeners benefited from familiarization with a talker with dysarthria; however, adaptation to the test talker was superior when the familiarization talker had similar perceptual features and reduced when the familiarization talker had low intelligibility.

Conclusion
Evidence for both generalization and specificity of learning highlights the differential value of listeners' prior experiences for adaptation to, and improved understanding of, a talker with dysarthria. These findings broaden our theoretical knowledge of adaptation to degraded speech, as well as the clinical application of training paradigms that exploit perceptual processes for therapeutic gain.
Constraining convective regions with asteroseismic linear structural inversions
Authors: Buldgen G. , Reese D. R. , Dupret M. A. 
Published: October 2017

Context.Convective regions in stellar models are always associated with uncertainties, for example, due to extra-mixing or the possible inaccurate position of the transition from convective to radiative transport of energy. Such inaccuracies have a strong impact on stellar models and the fundamental parameters we derive from them. The most promising method to reduce these uncertainties is to use asteroseismology to derive appropriate diagnostics probing the structural characteristics of these regions.Aims.We wish to use custom-made integrated quantities to improve the capabilities of seismology to probe convective regions in stellar interiors. By doing so, we hope to increase the number of indicators obtained with structural seismic inversions to provide additional constraints on stellar models and the fundamental parameters we determine from theoretical modeling.Methods.First, we present new kernels associated with a proxy of the entropy in stellar interiors. We then show how these kernels can be used to build custom-made integrated quantities probing convective regions inside stellar models. We present two indicators suited to probe convective cores and envelopes, respectively, and test them on artificial data.Results.We show that it is possible to probe both convective cores and envelopes using appropriate indicators obtained with structural inversion techniques. These indicators provide direct constraints on a proxy of the entropy of the stellar plasma, sensitive to the characteristics of convective regions. These constraints can then be used to improve the modeling of solar-like stars by providing an additional degree of selection of models obtained from classical forward modeling approaches. We also show that in order to obtain very accurate indicators, we needℓ= 3 modes for the envelope but that the core-conditions indicator is more flexible in terms of the seismic data required for its use.
Euclid: Superluminous supernovae in the Deep Survey
Authors: Inserra C. , Nichol R. C. , Scovacricchi D. , Amiaux J. , Brescia M. , Burigana C. , Cappellaro E. , Carvalho C. S. , Cavuoti S. , Conforti V. , Cuillandre J.-C. , da Silva A. , De Rosa A. , Della Valle M. , Dinis J. , Franceschi E. , Hook I. , Hudelot P. , Jahnke K. , Kitching T. , Kurki-Suonio H. , Lloro I. , Longo G. , Maiorano E. , Maris M. , Rhodes J. D. , Scaramella R. , Smartt S. J. , Sullivan M. , Tao C. , Toledo-Moreo R. , Tereno I. , Trifoglio M. , Valenziano L. 
Published: October 2017

Context. In the last decade, astronomers have found a new type of supernova called superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) due to their high peak luminosity and long light-curves. These hydrogen-free explosions (SLSNe-I) can be seen to z ~ 4 and therefore, offer the possibility of probing the distant Universe.
Aims. We aim to investigate the possibility of detecting SLSNe-I using ESA’s Euclid satellite, scheduled for launch in 2020. In particular, we study the Euclid Deep Survey (EDS) which will provide a unique combination of area, depth and cadence over the mission.
Methods. We estimated the redshift distribution of Euclid SLSNe-I using the latest information on their rates and spectral energy distribution, as well as known Euclid instrument and survey parameters, including the cadence and depth of the EDS. To estimate the uncertainties, we calculated their distribution with two different set-ups, namely optimistic and pessimistic, adopting different star formation densities and rates. We also applied a standardization method to the peak magnitudes to create a simulated Hubble diagram to explore possible cosmological constraints.
Results. We show that Euclid should detect approximately 140 high-quality SLSNe-I to z ~ 3.5 over the first five years of the mission (with an additional 70 if we lower our photometric classification criteria). This sample could revolutionize the study of SLSNe-I at z > 1 and open up their use as probes of star-formation rates, galaxy populations, the interstellar and intergalactic medium. In addition, a sample of such SLSNe-I could improve constraints on a time-dependent dark energy equation-of-state, namely w(a), when combined with local SLSNe-I and the expected SN Ia sample from the Dark Energy Survey.
Conclusions. We show that Euclid will observe hundreds of SLSNe-I for free. These luminous transients will be in the Euclid data-stream and we should prepare now to identify them as they offer a new probe of the high-redshift Universe for both astrophysics and cosmology.
Update on Gender-Affirming Treatment for the Transgender Woman
Authors: Unger Cecile 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTransgender women often transition with cross-sex hormone therapy and some opt to further affirm themselves with breast augmentation, facial feminization procedures, and/or vaginoplasty surgery. When considering medical and surgical transition for the transgender woman, careful preoperative evaluation and individual assessment is imperative and the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) Standards of Care provide the framework from which health care providers and surgeons may assess eligibility for affirming treatments. Vaginoplasty for the transgender woman may be performed by a variety of techniques, mainly penile inversion vaginoplasty or intestinal segment vaginoplasty. Surgical outcomes vary according to technique, and the unique risks, advantages, and disadvantages must be considered. Outcomes appear to be satisfactory following vaginoplasty surgery, but prospective, long-term data are still lacking. Providers should be aware of the peri- and postoperative management of the transgender women after genital surgery, as many women require ongoing care and management after surgery.
Sexual Dysfunction in Lesbian Women: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Brown Oluwateniola , Gaupp Christina , Sobecki-Rausch Janelle 
Published: October 2017

AbstractOver the past two decades, a growing body of literature has demonstrated the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in heterosexual women. Few, if any, studies have investigated sexual problems specifically in women who identify as lesbian. The aim of this article is to systematically review data on sexual dysfunction in lesbian women. We performed a systematic review of the literature searching MEDLINE via Ovid, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Controlled Trials, SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI, CPCI-S, CPCI-SSH, and Web of Science from inception through March 2017. We included all studies assessing sexual dysfunction or sexual problems in lesbian women. Heterosexual, bisexual, and transsexual groups were excluded. Of the 1,822 articles identified, 20 articles met inclusion criteria, 1 of which was a population-based probability study. These studies included 16 cross-sectional studies, 1 case–control study, 1 qualitative interview study, and 1 review of the literature. Sexual dysfunction is prevalent in lesbian women and may differ from sexual dysfunction experienced by heterosexual women. Available data are limited by small convenience samples and varied outcome measures. Current validated surveys may be applicable to this subgroup. There is need for population-based studies with harmonized measures of sexual function to guide an evidence-based approach to sexual dysfunction in lesbian women.
Establishing Effective Health Care Partnerships with Sexual and Gender Minority Patients: Recommendations for Obstetrician Gynecologists
Authors: Gunter Kathryn , Lopez Fanny , Cook Scott 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSexual and gender minority patients have historically experienced high rates of inappropriate and low-quality care, disrespect, and discrimination in health care settings, as well as significant health disparities. Obstetricians and gynecologists can take action on multiple fronts if they wish to improve the quality of care for their sexual and gender minority patients. Examples include improving their relationships with sexual and gender minority patients and family members by purposefully reflecting upon individual and team biases, engendering empathy for sexual and gender minority patients, and creating effective working health care partnerships with them. They can also take steps to improve their cultural competency by improving their knowledge base about sexual orientation and gender identity, using welcoming language and creating health care environments that signal to sexual and gender minority patients that they are welcomed and understood. This article documents multiple suggestions and resources that health care teams can use to improve the health and health care of their sexual and gender minority patients.
Breast Cancer Screening, Management, and a Review of Case Study Literature in Transgender Populations
Authors: Radix Asa , Wesp Linda , Deutsch Madeline 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBecause of a lack of uniform collection of gender identity data, population-level breast cancer statistics in the transgender community are unknown. With recent estimates that at least 0.6% (1 in every 167 people) of the U.S. population is transgender, guidance on breast cancer risk, screening, and management in this population is needed. Such guidance should examine modifications, if any, to recommendations in cisgender populations, taking into consideration any history of hormone therapy exposure or breast surgery. This article describes existing evidence on breast cancer incidence in transgender women and men, and attempts to make rational recommendations regarding the screening for and approach to managing breast cancer in transgender populations. Current data are mostly limited to case reports which are reviewed here. More prospective, population-level research is needed to better understand the risks and predictors of breast cancer in this population, as well as to better inform the most appropriate screening modality, age of starting screening, and interval. Ultimately, a risk score calculator similar to existing risk models such as the Gail score, as well as an approach to shared decision making that involves patient-centered perspectives, is needed to best guide practices in this area.
Plasma Lipoprotein Particle Subclasses in Preterm Infants
Authors: Scoble Jennifer , Smilowitz Jennifer , Argov-Argaman Nurit , German J. , Underwood Mark 
Published: October 2017

Objective A pilot study to determine lipoprotein classes and subclasses in premature infants and examine associations with nutritional intake, gestational age (GA), and morbidity.
Study Design Plasma lipoprotein particle concentrations were analyzed in a cohort of 15 premature infants in the first 5 days of life and again at 2 weeks. Breast milk samples were analyzed for fatty acid content. Associations between lipoprotein particle subclasses and GA, breast milk intake, milk fatty acid intake, and chronic lung disease (CLD) were determined.
Results At 2 weeks of age, more premature infants had higher concentrations of total very low-density lipoprotein and lower concentrations of total high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and large HDL particles (similar to profiles seen in adults and children with infectious disease, cardiometabolic disease, and diabetes). Lower total HDL, large HDL, and medium HDL and a higher small HDL:total HDL ratio at 2 weeks were each associated with CLD with GA a likely confounder. Intake of human milk C18 and C20 fatty acids was inversely correlated with plasma total LDL concentration at 2 weeks of age.
Conclusion Dyslipidemia was common in extremely premature infants and was associated with CLD and with lower intake of specific long chain fatty acids.
Do lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) improve treatment outcomes of walled-off pancreatic necrosis over plastic stents using dual-modality drainage?
Authors: Sahar Nadav , Kozarek Richard , Kanji Zaheer , Ross Andrew , Gluck Michael , Gan S. , Larsen Michael , Irani Shayan 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of symptomatic walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WON) usually has been performed with double pigtail plastic stents (DPS) and more recently, with lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS). However, LAMS are significantly more expensive and there are no comparative studies with DPS. Accordingly, we compared our experience with combined endoscopic and percutaneous drainage (dual-modality drainage [DMD]) for symptomatic WON using LAMS versus DPS.
Patients and methods Patients who underwent DMD of WON between July 2011 and June 2016 using LAMS were compared with a matched group treated with DPS. Technical success, clinical success, need for reintervention and adverse events (AE) were recorded.
Results A total of 50 patients (31 males, 25 patients treated with LAMS and 25 patients treated with DPS) were matched for age, sex, computed tomography severity index, and disconnected pancreatic ducts. Technical success was achieved in all patients. Mean days hospitalized post-intervention (14.5 vs. 13.1, P = 0.72), time to resolution of WON (77 days vs. 63 days, P = 0.57) and mean follow-up (207 days vs. 258 days, P = 0.34) were comparable in both groups. AEs were similar in both groups (6 vs. 8, P = 0.53). Patients treated with LAMS had significantly more reinterventions per patient (1.5 vs. 0.72, P = 0.01).
Conclusions In treatment of symptomatic WON using DMD, LAMS did not shorten time to percutaneous drain removal and was not associated with fewer AEs.
Subjektiver Kompetenzgewinn zur Durchführung eines Notfallkaiserschnitts mittels interdisziplinärem Simulationstraining
Authors: Flentje Markus , Schott Martin , Woltemate Anna-Lena , Jantzen Jan-Peter 
Published: October 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Der Notfallkaiserschnitt ist ein geburtshilflicher Notfall mit vitaler Gefährdung für Mutter und Kind. Bei Bewältigung dieser zeitkritischen Situation haben sich „human factors“ und Kompetenz des Zwischenfallmanagement (Crisis Resource Managements, CRM) als wichtige Erfolgsfaktoren herausgestellt. Das Konzept Simulation hat sich zum Training dieser Kompetenzen für interdisziplinäre Kreißsaalteams in Deutschland noch nicht durchgesetzt. Ziel dieser Studie war es, den subjektiven Kompetenzgewinn der Teammitglieder durch ein in den Klinikalltag integrierbares Notfallkaiserschnitttraining zu ermitteln.
Methode 36 Mitarbeiter eines Kreißsaalteams aller beteiligten Berufsgruppen nahmen an einem 4-stündigen „high-fidelity“ Simulationstraining „Notfallkaiserschnitt“ bei Eklampsie mit Bradykardie des Kindes, Uterusruptur, vorzeitige Plazentalösung oder Nabelschnurvorfall teil. Jeder Teilnehmer war an 2 Simulationen als Zuschauer und Teammitglied beteiligt. Mittels Fragebogen wurde die Erfahrung mit realen Notfallkaiserschnitten, die Durchführungen der Simulation und des Debriefings evaluiert, sowie die subjektive Kompetenzeinschätzung im Zwischenfallmanagements vor und 6 Monate nach Training erfasst.
Ergebnisse Im Kollektiv der berufserfahrenen Teilnehmer (über/gleich 5 Jahre) hatten 25% noch keinen Nofallkaiserschnitt in der Praxis erlebt. Das Training wurde auf einer Skala (1=sehr gut – 6=ungenügend) mit 1,4 und hinsichtlich Praxisrelevanz mit 1,8 bewertet. 6 Monate nach dem Training bewerteten die Teilnehmer per Selbsteinschätzung die Fähigkeiten, Prioritäten bei Maßnahmen festzulegen, Behandlungspläne zu überwachen, mit den Teammitgliedern zu kommunizieren und Informationen aufzunehmen als signifikant verbessert.
Schlussfolgerungen Das 4-stündige Simulationstraining ist in den Klinikalltag integrierbar und wurde von den Teilnehmern als realitätsnah und praxisrelevant angenommen. Berufserfahrung in Jahren ist nicht mit Erfahrung mit seltenen Notfallsituationen gleichzusetzen. Das interdisziplinäre Teamtraining bietet eine Möglichkeit, sowohl die Handlungskompetenz des einzelnen Mitarbeiters, als auch interdisziplinäre Notfallkonzepte zu etablieren und zu trainieren.
Plädoyer für eine wissenschaftlich fundierte „Psychoneonatologie“
Authors: Singer Dominique 
Published: October 2017

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,dass die Geburt eines sehr unreifen oder schwer kranken Neugeborenen für die beteiligten Familien eine kolossale Belastung darstellt, ist allen auf diesem Gebiet Tätigen aus ihrer täglichen Arbeit wohl bekannt. Dabei sind vergleichsweise vordergründige von weniger offensichtlichen Faktoren zu unterscheiden: Zu den ersteren zählt der nicht selten langwierige, von Hoffen und Bangen begleitete präpartale Klinikaufenthalt bzw. pränataldiagnostische Weg, gefolgt von einer mitunter monatelangen neonatologischen Behandlung bis hin zu der herausfordernden Erziehung eines Kindes mit bleibenden Behinderungen oder zumindest besonderen Bedürfnissen.
Stent patency in patients with distal malignant biliary obstruction receiving chemo(radio)therapy
Authors: Haal Sylke , van Hooft Jeanin , Rauws Erik , Fockens Paul , Voermans Rogier 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Recent literature suggests that chemo(radio)therapy might reduce the patency of plastic stents in patients with malignant biliary obstruction. Whether this might also be valid for other types of stents is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of chemo(radio)therapy on the patency of fully-covered self-expandable metal stents (FCSEMSs) and plastic stents.
Patients and methods We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of patients with distal malignant biliary obstruction who underwent biliary stent placement between April 2001 and July 2015. Primary outcome was duration of stent patency. Secondary outcome was stent patency at 3 and 6 months. We used Kaplan–Meier survival analyses to compare stent patency rates between patients who received chemo(radio)therapy and patients who did not.
Results A total of 291 biliary stents (151 metal and 140 plastic) were identified. The median cumulative stent patency of FCSEMSs did not differ between patients receiving chemo(radio)therapy (n = 51) and those (n = 100) who did not (P = 0.70, log-rank test). The estimated cumulative stent patency of plastic stents was also comparable in 99 patients without and 41 patients with chemo(radio)therapy (P = 0.73, log-rank test). At 3 and 6 months, FCSEMS patency rates were 87 % and 83 % in patients without chemo(radio)therapy and 96 % and 83 % in patients with therapy, respectively. Plastic patency rates were 69 % and 55 % in patients without and 85 % and 39 % in patients with therapy, respectively. After 1 year, 78 % of the FCSEMSs were still patent in patients without chemo(radio)therapy and 69 % of the FCSEMSs were still patent in patients with therapy.
Conclusion Our data indicate that chemo(radio)therapy does not reduce the patency of biliary fully-covered metal and plastic stents.
PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Ovarian Cancer Treatment: Are We on the Right Track?
Authors: Gasparri Maria , Bardhi Erlisa , Ruscito Ilary , Papadia Andrea , Farooqi Ammad , Marchetti Claudia , Bogani Giorgio , Ceccacci Irene , Mueller Michael , Benedetti Panici Pierluigi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe high recurrence rate and the low overall survival in ovarian cancer suggest that a more specific therapeutic approach in addition to conventional treatment is required. Translational and clinical research is investigating new molecular targets in order to find an alternative way to affect tumor growth and to minimize the overlap of toxicity of antiblastic agents. Given its implication in many cellular activities including regulation of cell growth, motility, survival, proliferation, protein synthesis, autophagy, transcription, as well as angiogenesis, PI3K/AKT/mTOR is one of the most investigated intracellular signaling pathways. A dis-regulation of this pathway has been shown in several tumors, including ovarian cancer. In this setting, mTor proteins represent a potential target for inhibitors, which could ultimately play a pivotal role in counteracting cellular proliferation. Recently, mTor inhibitors have been approved in the treatment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, mantle cell lymphoma and renal cancer. Clinical trials have assessed the safety of these drugs in ovarian cancer patients. Ongoing phase I and II studies are evaluating the oncologic outcome of mTor inhibitor treatment and its effect in combination with conventional chemotherapy and target agents.
Big Data in Agriculture: A Challenge for the Future
Authors: Coble Keith H , Mishra Ashok K , Ferrell Shannon , Griffin Terry 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article examines the challenge and opportunities of Big Data, and concludes that these technologies will lead to relevant analysis at every stage of the agricultural value chain. Big Data is defined by several characteristics beyond size, particularly, the volume, velocity, variety, and veracity of the data. We discuss a set of analytical techniques that are increasingly relevant to our profession as one addresses these issues. Ultimately, we resolve that agricultural and applied economists are uniquely positioned to contribute to the research and outreach agenda on Big Data. We believe there are relevant policy, farm management, supply chain, consumer demand, and sustainability issues where our profession can make major contributions. The authors are thankful to the anonymous reviewers and editor Craig Gundersen for helpful comments. Support was provided by the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station Special Research Initiative.