bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bispectral camouflage metasurfaces compatible with microwave diffuse emission and tunable infrared emissivity
Authors: Wang Lei , Xu Cuilian , Jiang Jinming , Yan Mingbao , Chu Zuntian , Sun Huiting , Wang Jun , Sui Sai , Wang Jiafu , Fan Qi , Han Yajuan 
Published: October 2024

With the rapid development of detection technology and artificial intelligence, the widespread use of multispectral detectors has increased challenges to stealth capabilities. This paper presents a bispectral camouflage metasurface with microwave diffuse emission and tunable infrared (IR) emissivity, achieving an integrated design for radar cross-section (RCS) reduction and tunable IR emissivity. The structure consists of layers from bottom to top: aerogel felt, indium-tin-oxide (ITO), air, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and ITO. It reduces RCS through microwave diffuse reflection and adjusts IR emissivity by controlling the ITO fill ratio. Both simulations and experiments demonstrate effective suppression of electromagnetic (EM) wave backscattering within 4.5–10.3 GHz, achieving radar invisibility. The tunable IR emissivity ranges from 0.2 to 0.7 with good thermal insulation. This design alleviates issues related to structural thickness and processing complexity and avoids increased thermal load from microwave absorption, offering better tunable IR emissivity for various thermal camouflage environments. This metasurface holds significant promise for multispectral stealth and IR camouflage applications.
Prevalence of caregiver hesitancy for vaccinations in children and its associated factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Maamor Nur Hasnah , Muhamad Nor Asiah , Mohd Dali Nor Soleha , Leman Fatin Norhasny , Rosli Izzah Athirah , Tengku Bahrudin Shah Tengku Puteri Nadiah , Jamalluddin Nurul Hidayah , Misnan Nurul Syazwani , Mohamad Zuraifah Asrah , Bakon Sophia Karen , Mutalip Mohd Hatta Abdul , Hassan Muhammad Radzi Abu , Lai Nai Ming 
Published: October 2024

This review aimed to systematically compare and pool the prevalence of all the known evidence on caregiver hesitancy and to describe the factors influencing vaccine hesitancy among caregiver worldwide such as COVID-19, MMR, Influenza, HPV and others. We searched article from few electronic databases (PubMed, CENTRAL, ProQuest, and Web of Science) from inception to August 2023 using specific keywords for example caregiver, parents, prevalence, factor, hesitancy, and others. We included population-based studies that reported the prevalence of caregiver hesitancy. We used random-effects meta-analyses for pool prevalence estimates of caregiver hesitancy. A total of 765 studies met our inclusion criteria, containing data on 38,210,589 caregivers from seven regions across the globe. Overall or pool prevalence of vaccine hesitancy among caregiver is 25.0% (95% CI: 0.22–0.27, I2 = 99.91%, p = 0.001). Based on the evidence gathered, vaccine hesitancy was found to be religious sentiments, personal beliefs, perceived safety concerns, and a desire for more information from healthcare providers, along with factors related to availability, accessibility, affordability, and acceptability of vaccinations. Vaccine safety and efficiency have been identified as the main factor for caregiver vaccine hesitancy globally with a prevalence of 91.4%.
Trial registration
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022331629. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022331629.
Epi-SSA: A novel epistasis detection method based on a multi-objective sparrow search algorithm
Authors: Sun Liyan , Bian Jingwen , Xin Yi , Jiang Linqing , Zheng Linxuan 
Published: October 2024

Genome-wide association studies typically considers epistatic interactions as a crucial factor in exploring complex diseases. However, the current methods primarily concentrate on the detection of two-order epistatic interactions, with flaws in accuracy. In this work, we introduce a novel method called Epi-SSA, which can be better utilized to detect high-order epistatic interactions. Epi-SSA draws inspiration from the sparrow search algorithm and optimizes the population based on multiple objective functions in each iteration, in order to be able to more precisely identify epistatic interactions.
To evaluate its performance, we conducted a comprehensive comparison between Epi-SSA and seven other methods using five simulation datasets: DME 100, DNME 100, DME 1000, DNME 1000 and DNME3 100. The DME 100 dataset encompasses eight second-order epistasis disease models with marginal effects, each comprising 100 simulated data instances, featuring 100 SNPs per instance, alongside 800 case and 800 control samples. The DNME 100 encompasses eight second-order epistasis disease models without marginal effects and retains other properties consistent with DME 100. Experiments on the DME 100 and DNME 100 datasets were designed to evaluate the algorithms’ capacity to detect epistasis across varying disease models. The DME 1000 and DNME 1000 datasets extend the complexity with 1000 SNPs per simulated data instance, while retaining other properties consistent with DME 100 and DNME 100. These experiments aimed to gauge the algorithms’ adaptability in detecting epistasis as the number of SNPs in the data increases. The DNME3 100 dataset introduces a higher level of complexity with six third-order epistasis disease models, otherwise paralleling the structure of DNME 100, serving to test the algorithms’ proficiency in identifying higher-order epistasis. The highest average F-measures achieved by the seven other existing methods on the five datasets are 0.86, 0.86, 0.41, 0.56, and 0.79 respectively, while the average F-measures of Epi-SSA on the five datasets are 0.92, 0.97, 0.79, 0.86, and 0.97 respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that the Epi-SSA algorithm outperforms other methods in a variety of epistasis detection tasks. As the number of SNPs in the data set increases and the order of epistasis rises, the advantages of the Epi-SSA algorithm become increasingly pronounced.
In addition, we applied Epi-SSA to the analysis of the WTCCC dataset, uncovering numerous genes and gene pairs that might play a significant role in the pathogenesis of seven complex diseases. It is worthy of note that some of these genes have been relatedly reported in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). Epi-SSA is a potent tool for detecting epistatic interactions, which aids us in further comprehending the pathogenesis of common and complex diseases. The source code of Epi-SSA can be obtained at https://osf.io/6sqwj/.
Validation of self-reported hypertension in young adults in the US-based Growing Up Today Study (GUTS)
Authors: Chen Jie , Hart Jaime E. , Fisher Naomi D. L. , Laden Francine 
Published: October 2024

Background
Self-reporting is often used in large epidemiologic research to identify hypertensive participants, but its validity in young adults has not been sufficiently assessed. We aimed to validate self-reported hypertension diagnosis from questionnaires by using medical records among a sample of young adults aged 22–39 years in the Growing Up Today Study (GUTS), during a time of transition in national hypertension definitions.

Methods
A sample of 1,000 GUTS participants were asked for permission to access their medical records, to confirm their self-reported hypertension status on questionnaires from 2010 to 2019. Paired self-reported and medical record information was available for 318 participants. Medical records were reviewed by a clinical hypertension specialist. We evaluated agreement, kappa statistic, sensitivity and specificity of self-reporting. We assessed the correlations between blood pressure measurements self-reported on the 2019 questionnaire and those from medical records and compared the measurements using paired t-tests.

Results
The selected sample was generally representative of the full GUTS cohort. Agreement, kappa coefficient, sensitivity and specificity of self-reported hypertension were 85.5%, 0.72, 100%, and 75.3%. Although the absolute differences in blood pressure measurements between self-report and medical records were small (e.g., the average difference in typical recent blood pressures was 3.5/1.2 mm Hg), these measures were only moderately correlated.

Conclusions
Validity of self-reported hypertension was high in GUTS, ensuring use as an endpoint in future studies with confidence. We demonstrated that young adults likely without formal medical training are able to report hypertension status with reasonable accuracy.
Factors associated with COVID-19 infection in pregnant women: Focusing on maternal anxiety
Authors: Jeong Wonjeong , Kim Bora , Hong Shin Hee , Cho Eunsang , Kim Suk Young , Moon Jong Youn 
Published: October 2024

Objective
Given the critical importance of maternal mental health for the well-being of both the mother and fetus, it is essential to thoroughly investigate the impact of COVID-19 infection on mental health. This study aims to identify the factors associated with COVID-19 infection and mental health, underscoring the necessity of effective mental health management for pregnant women.

Methods
Data were analyzed from 97 pregnant women who visited Gachon University Gil hospital in South Korea. Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection status was categorized based on whether the infection occurred during pregnancy. Maternal anxiety, the dependent variable, was measured using the state anxiety scale of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between COVID-19 infection and anxiety.

Results
Among the 97 pregnant women, 50 (51.5%) experienced anxiety. Of those infected with COVID-19, 31 (64.6%) experienced anxiety. The mean anxiety score was significantly higher in pregnant women with COVID-19 infection compared to those without infection (Infected: Mean = 46.35, SD = 13.85; Non-infected: Mean = 39.59, SD = 10.58, p-value:0.008). Maternal depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder were significantly higher in pregnant women with COVID-19 infection, while fetal attachment showed no significant difference. Pregnant women infected with COVID-19 during pregnancy were more likely to experience anxiety compared to non-infected women (Adjusted OR = 9.37; 95% CI = 1.39–63.12).

Conclusion
This study highlights that pregnant women infected with COVID-19 are more likely to experience elevated levels of anxiety, emphasizing the critical importance of addressing mental health among pregnant women. The insights from this study could provide valuable guidance for policymaking, underscoring the need for targeted interventions to manage mental health in pregnant women and mitigate the risk of adverse outcomes.
‘Patera syndrome’ during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Canary Islands (Spain)
Authors: Pisos-Álamo Elena , Hernández-Cabrera Michele , López-Delgado Laura , Jaén-Sánchez Nieves , Betancort-Plata Christian , Lavilla Salgado Carmen , Suárez-Hormiga Laura , Briega-Molina Marta , Carranza-Rodríguez Cristina , Bolaños-Rivero Margarita , Hernández-Betancor Araceli , Pérez-Arellano José-Luis 
Published: October 2024

Background
The number of migrants arriving on the shores of the Canary Islands continues to increase. The conditions under which the crossing is made, in small crowded, unsanitary boats (pateras or cayucos), have many and significant health problems.

Objective
To describe the demographic, clinical, microbiological characteristics and evolution of a series of patients who recently arrived by patera and required hospitalization.

Patients and methods
This observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective study included all patients newly arrived in Gran Canaria (Spain) by patera or cayuco from 2020 to 2022. Acute patera syndrome (APS) was defined as one or more of the following: dehydration, hypothermia, shock or rhabdomyolysis. Skin and soft tissue or musculoskeletal patera syndrome (SSTMSPS) was defined as conditions characterized by lesions of the skin, subcutaneous tissue, bone, or joint, excluding superficial erosions.

Results
During the study period, 193 migrants were admitted, mostly males with a median age of 23 years from West Africa. A total of 36.99% presented with APS with a single diagnostic criterion (most commonly dehydration, 86.9%), 11.56% with SSTMPS and 51.44% with both syndromes. A total of 109 patients presented with SSTMSPS, the most common being lower extremity ulcers. The most frequently isolated microorganisms were gram-negative (i.e. Shewanella algae). The McMahon score effectively predicted the need for renal replacement therapy in cases of rhabdomyolysis. Twenty patients presented with pneumomediastinum, which was benign. SARS-CoV-2 infection was not a problem in any of them. Surgical intervention was required in 22% of cases, including 8 amputations, all of which were minor. No patient died during admission.

Conclusion
Patera syndrome has specific characteristics that should be identified promptly to initiate the most effective treatment for optimal outcomes.
Comparison of bilateral ligaments after unilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Based on magnetic resonance imaging analysis
Authors: Huang Zirong , Liang Jiamin , Gao Hongliang , Chen Kan , Zhong Mingjin , Zhu Weimin 
Published: October 2024

Objective
This study quantitatively assessed postoperative changes in graft inclination angle and femorotibial position after ACL reconstruction using MRI, to identify reliable indicators for evaluating knee stability.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of 50 cases of ACL reconstruction from June 2019 to June 2020 included clinical outcome measures. MRI assessed graft/ACL inclination angles, medial/lateral anterior tibial translation (ATT), and femoral/tibial rotation angles on both surgical and contralateral sides. Femorotibial angle (FTA) and rotational tibial subluxation (RTS) were calculated for comparing MRI results.

Results
Following ACL reconstruction, graft inclination angles, ATT, and FA/TA were significantly greater than those of the contralateral knee joint (P<0.05). FTA and RTS did not differ significantly between sides, but exhibited significant correlation.

Conclusions
Graft inclination angles could not fully recover to normal levels post-ACL reconstruction, while notable medial/lateral ATT occurred on the surgical side. Additionally, a significant correlation was observed between FTA and RTS, suggesting their potential as combined clinical indicators for assessing knee joint rotation stability.
A systematic catalog of studies on fetal heart rate pattern and neonatal outcome variables
Authors: Eenkhoorn Chantal , van den Wildenberg Sarah , Goos Tom G. , Dankelman Jenny , Franx Arie , Eggink Alex J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To study the methodology and results of studies assessing the relationship between fetal heart rate and specified neonatal outcomes including, heart rate, infection, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and seizure.

Methods
Embase, Medline ALL, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and CINAHL were searched from inception to October 5, 2023.

Results
Forty-two studies were included, encompassing 57,232 cases that underwent fetal monitoring and were evaluated for neonatal outcome. Heterogeneity was observed in the timing and duration of fetal heart rate assessment, classification guidelines used, number of assessors, and definition and timing of neonatal outcome assessment. Nonreassuring fetal heart rate was linked to lower neonatal heart rate variability. A significant increase in abnormal fetal heart rate patterns were reported in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, but the predictive ability was found to be limited. Conflicting results were reported regarding sepsis, seizure and intraventricular hemorrhage. No association was found between necrotizing enterocolitis rate and fetal heart rate.

Conclusions
There is great heterogeneity in the methodology used in studies evaluating the association between fetal heart rate and aforementioned neonatal outcomes. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy was associated with increased abnormal fetal heart rate patterns, although the predictive ability was low. Further research on developing and evaluating an automated early warning system that integrates computerized cardiotocography with a perinatal health parameter database to provide objective alerts for patients at-risk is recommended.
Subsistence and Resistance in the Consumption of Counterfeits in South Africa
Authors: Irwin Ronald H. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Considerable exploration of the manufacture of counterfeit goods exists in literature, however very little can be found on their consumption. In part due to its location at the confluence between the Atlantic and Indian Ocean sea routes, South Africa finds itself awash in counterfeit products. Constrained by corruption that drives undue enrichment, spiraling wealth inequality, and enforcement that cannot stem the influx of counterfeit goods, South African consumers face an ever-increasing likelihood of unknowingly purchasing counterfeit goods. This paper explores the research gap by leveraging a blend of media theory, semiotics, economic models, Fisherian hauntology, and personal qualitative interviews to better add to this under-researched area. By mapping both the market for counterfeits and the dangers that make research prohibitive, this paper is able to reveal the modes of counterfeit consumption; subsistence consumption and resistance consumption. Key findings indicate that an inflection point where subsistence consumption might become resistance consumption, and vice versa. These same key findings further suggest an as-yet unnoticed tension between the Kuznets Curve and the Easterlin Paradox. In this regard, this paper forges an opportunity for the field of public relations to become a significant voice in currently pressing issues of socioeconomic and geopolitical importance.
Application of microencapsulated phase change materials for controlling exothermic reactions
Authors: Shaddel Khalifelu Shiva , Hamid Naser , Rahimi-Ahar Zohreh , Seyedjabedar Nasim , Oroujzadeh Amirreza , Babapoor Aziz , Seyfaee Adrian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Thermal runaway is a frequent source of process safety issues, and the uncontrolled release of chemical energy puts reactors at risk. The design of the exothermic reactor faces challenges due to the selective sensitivity of the product to high temperatures and the need to increase the lifetime of the catalyst, optimize the product distribution, and improve the thermodynamic properties. Phase change material (PCM) encapsulation is recommended to reduce leakage, phase separation, and volume change problems. This work introduces encapsulated PCMs to improve reactor temperature control and minimize thermal runaway in exothermic processes. The warning temperature value setting effectively inhibits fugitive exothermic reactions and enhances heat transfer. When a sufficient quantity of encapsulated PCMs is input, the response speed will automatically accelerate. Spontaneous acceleration of the reaction rate due to thermal runaway of the reaction may be completely avoided by adding a sufficient amount of encapsulated PCM. Microencapsulation is used to control volume changes and inhibit thermal reactions. Preventive strategies include cooling, depressurization, safety release, emergency resources, and reaction containment. Encapsulated PCMs improve mechanical and thermal properties, surface-to-volume ratio, heat transfer surface, thermal capacity, and efficiency.
Wie ging es Trauernden in der Corona-Pandemie? Eine qualitative Studie
Authors: Blank Daniela , Baumann Klaus 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund: Die COVID-19-Pandemie führte zu Einschränkungen (Lockdown, Kontaktbeschränkungen, Maskierung, Restriktionen bei Bestattungen, etc.) für Angehörige von Sterbenden und Verstorbenen und ihre Trauerprozesse. Wie erlebten sie diese Coronabedingungen? Wie, von wem und in welchen Kontexten wurde ihren Bedürfnissen, auch nach Begleitung und Ritualen, begegnet? Wie sehen die Trauernden dies zum Zeitpunkt des Interviews?

Methode: Leitfadengestützte Online-Interviews mit 12 Trauernden (Wohnort: Deutschland), von denen jeweils ein oder mehrere Angehörige während der Pandemie verstarben.

Ergebnisse: Die Inhaltsanalyse brachte zehn Kategorien hervor, die das subjektive Trauererleben während der Pandemie beschreiben. Die Trauernden legen neben belastenden Faktoren auch unterstützende Faktoren dar – vor, während und nach dem Tod der nahestehenden Person. Gesprächsthemen waren besonders die Möglichkeit zum Abschiednehmen im Sterbeprozess, Ansprechpersonen, Beteiligung und Mitgestaltung der Bestattung, religiöse und spirituelle Bedürfnisse und Fragen, der Einklang pandemiebedingter Maßnahmen mit der inneren Wahrnehmung in der Trauer. Einige Trauernde stufen rückblickend ihre jeweils individuellen Abschiedsprozesse positiv ein mit Dankbarkeit und innerem Frieden – trotz pandemiebedingter Einschränkungen.

Schlussfolgerungen: Die Interviewten bestätigen das Bild der Beeinträchtigungen und Belastungen während der Pandemie und ergänzen es durch ihre Erfahrungen unterstützender Faktoren in ihren Trauerprozessen, die ihnen durch diese Belastungen hindurch in ihrer Trauer und Resilienz halfen, sowohl durch Personal in Pflegeeinrichtungen und Seelsorgepersonen als auch durch gesellschaftliche Bedingungen, die ihre Trauer nicht „exkommunizierten“ (Ariès).
Differential proinflammatory responses of colon epithelial cells to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Yılmaz Aysegul , Turk Seyhan , Malkan Ümit Yavuz , Haznedaroglu İbrahim Celalettin , Ucar Gulberk , Ozguven Sukru Volkan , Turk Can 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The study aims to compare the proinflammatory responses of colon epithelial cells to two potent virulence factors: lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2. Both agents are known to induce significant inflammatory responses, leading to severe clinical manifestations.

Methods
Human colon epithelial cells were treated with S protein and LPS at various time intervals (12, 24, 48, and 72 h). Cell viability was assessed, and the expression levels of key proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) were measured using qRT-PCR. Statistical analyses were conducted to assess the data, incorporating t-tests and linear regression.

Results
The study found distinct patterns in cytokine expression in response to S protein and LPS. LPS treatment led to a rapid increase in cytokine expression at early time points (12 and 24 h), followed by a decline at later intervals. In contrast, S protein induced a more sustained proinflammatory response, with lower initial cytokine levels that persisted longer, particularly at 48 and 72 h.

Conclusions
The differential proinflammatory responses observed between S protein and LPS treatments highlight their unique impacts on colon epithelial cells. Specifically, LPS induced an early but transient spike in cytokine levels, suggesting a rapid but short-lived inflammatory response. Conversely, the S protein triggered a prolonged inflammatory reaction, which may contribute to the persistent symptoms seen in COVID-19. The findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying inflammatory responses in bacterial and viral infections. Understanding these differences can inform therapeutic strategies for conditions like sepsis and COVID-19, leading to targeted treatments that mitigate excessive inflammation and improve patient outcomes.