bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing polar bear (Ursus maritimus) population structure in the Hudson Bay region using SNPs
Authors: Viengkone Michelle , Derocher Andrew Edward , Richardson Evan Shaun , Malenfant René Michael , Miller Joshua Moses , Obbard Martyn E. , Dyck Markus G. , Lunn Nick J. , Sahanatien Vicki , Davis Corey S. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDefining subpopulations using genetics has traditionally used data from microsatellite markers to investigate population structure; however, single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have emerged as a tool for detection of fine‐scale structure. In Hudson Bay, Canada, three polar bear (Ursus maritimus) subpopulations (Foxe Basin (FB), Southern Hudson Bay (SH), and Western Hudson Bay (WH)) have been delineated based on mark–recapture studies, radiotelemetry and satellite telemetry, return of marked animals in the subsistence harvest, and population genetics using microsatellites. We used SNPs to detect fine‐scale population structure in polar bears from the Hudson Bay region and compared our results to the current designations using 414 individuals genotyped at 2,603 SNPs. Analyses based on discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) and STRUCTURE support the presence of four genetic clusters: (i) Western—including individuals sampled in WH, SH (excluding Akimiski Island in James Bay), and southern FB (south of Southampton Island); (ii) Northern—individuals sampled in northern FB (Baffin Island) and Davis Strait (DS) (Labrador coast); (iii) Southeast—individuals from SH (Akimiski Island in James Bay); and (iv) Northeast—individuals from DS (Baffin Island). Population structure differed from microsatellite studies and current management designations demonstrating the value of using SNPs for fine‐scale population delineation in polar bears.
Comparing estimates of population change from occupancy and mark–recapture models for a territorial species
Authors: Conner Mary M. , Keane John J. , Gallagher Claire V. , Munton Thomas E. , Shaklee Paula A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMonitoring studies often use marked animals to estimate population abundance at small spatial scales. However, at smaller scales, occupancy sampling, which uses detection/nondetection data, may be useful where sites are approximately territories, and occupancy dynamics should be strongly correlated with population dynamics. Occupancy monitoring has advantages in that it is less expensive and invasive, and marked animals are not needed. Here, we used empirical data to determine whether and when change in occupancy is a good proxy for population change for a territorial species. As part of this overall goal, we also compared maximum‐likelihood estimates using a model‐averaging approach with a Bayesian MCMC approach. We used field data collected from 1993 to 2013 on three study areas for California spotted owls (Strix occidentalis occidentalis), a territorial species. Although correlations for trajectories of realized population change (Δt) between territory occupancy and Pradel models were moderate to high for Bayesian MCMC‐based estimates and high for model‐averaged estimates, magnitudes of the trajectories were different with the Pradel model reporting greater magnitudes of change. For the two areas showing a decline, Δt for the Pradel model was approximately 20–30% lower than for the occupancy model, and 25% higher in the area showing an increase. These differences can arise because the occupancy model is less sensitive, in that if two owls share a territory, the loss of one may be reflected in survival and, consequently in Δt by the Pradel model, but because the territory remains occupied it is not reflected by the occupancy model. Bayesian MCMC‐based and model‐averaged estimates of Δt were in close agreement in pattern (correlation ≥0.74) and magnitude (relative differences of last Δt were ≤5%) for both occupancy and mark–resight models. Results from the Pradel model may lead to conservation actions necessary to avoid high extinction or extirpation risk for small populations, while results from the territory occupancy model may result in status quo management. We found both Bayesian MCMC‐based and model‐averaged estimates of Δt robust approaches to evaluate population trends. However, we recommend the Bayesian MCMC approach for estimating risk (e.g., probability of declines) for retrospective analyses.
Precipitating factors and 90‐day outcome of acute heart failure: a report from the intercontinental GREAT registry
Authors: Arrigo Mattia , Gayat Etienne , Parenica Jiri , Ishihara Shiro , Zhang Jian , Choi Dong‐Ju , Park Jin Joo , Alhabib Khalid F. , Sato Naoki , Miro Oscar , Maggioni Aldo P. , Zhang Yuhui , Spinar Jindrich , Cohen‐Solal Alain , Iwashyna Theodore J. , Mebazaa Alexandre ,   on behalf of the GREAT Network
Published: October 2016

AbstractAimsSeveral clinical conditions may precipitate acute heart failure (AHF) and influence clinical outcome. In this study we hypothesized that precipitating factors are independently associated with 90‐day risk of death in AHF.Methods and resultsThe study population consisted of 15 828 AHF patients from Europe and Asia. The primary outcome was 90‐day all‐cause mortality according to identified precipitating factors of AHF [acute coronary syndrome (ACS), infection, atrial fibrillation (AF), hypertension, and non‐compliance]. Mortality at 90 days was 15.8%. AHF precipitated by ACS or by infection showed increased 90‐day risk of death compared with AHF without identified precipitants [hazard ratio (HR) 1.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.44–1.97, P < 0.001; and HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.18–1.92, P = 0.001), while AHF precipitated by AF showed lower 90‐day risk of death (HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.42–0.75, P < 0.001), after multivariable adjustment. The risk of death in AHF precipitated by ACS was the highest during the first week after admission, while in AHF precipitated by infection the risk of death had a delayed peak at week 3. In AHF precipitated by AF, a trend toward reduced risk of death during the first weeks was shown. At weeks 5–6, AHF precipitated by ACS, infection, or AF showed similar risk of death to that of AHF without identified precipitants.ConclusionsPrecipitating factors are independently associated with 90‐day mortality in AHF. AHF precipitated by ACS or infection is independently associated with higher, while AHF precipitated by AF is associated with lower 90‐day risk of death.
A Genosensor for Sickle Cell Anemia Trait Determination
Authors: Brazaca Laís C. , Bramorski Camila B. , Cancino‐Bernardi Juliana , Janegitz Bruno C. , Zucolotto Valtencir 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSickle cell anemia (SCA) is a common recessive genetic condition in which patients produce an abnormal form of hemoglobin. The disease is common mainly among African individuals and in parts of the continent up to 40 % of the population presents its genetic trait. Currently, disease diagnosis and trait determination are performed using polymerase chain reaction, liquid chromatography and electrophoresis. Although these methods present high sensitivity and are well established, they are costly and require specialized equipment to be performed. We developed an electrochemical genosensor for simple and low cost SCA trait determination. The device was based on the immobilization of single DNA strands containing the disease related mutation on gold platforms using the self‐assembled monolayers technique. The determination of SCA trait was then performed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The genosensor displayed a wide linear range (0.01 to 7.5 μmol L−1, R2=0.979), with a detection limit of 7.0 nmol L−1. Furthermore, the device was able to distinguish between DNA sequences containing or not the mutation (target and non‐target sequences) with precision and great reproducibility (10.4 %, n=3). It is expected that such sensor increases the number of SCA trait determination, promoting early diagnosis and genetically counseling.
Iron–Air Battery Operating at High Temperature
Authors: Trocino Stefano , Zignani Sabrina C. , Lo Faro Massimiliano , Antonucci Vincenzo , Aricò Antonino S. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA simple configuration for an Fe–air rechargeable battery operating at high temperature was investigated. Two different ceramic electrolytes, that is, gadolinia‐doped ceria (CGO) and strontium/magnesium‐doped lanthanum gallate (LSGM), were studied. Strontium‐doped lanthanum ferrite‐cobaltite (LSFCO) perovskite was used as the air electrode, whereas an Fe0/Fe2O3–CGO composite was used as the Fe electrode. The synthesized CGO and LSGM supporting electrolytes were characterized by proper ionic conductivity for this application (7.4×10−2 S cm−1 at 800 °C). The LSFCO perovskite electrode showed excellent reversibility in symmetrical cells. Low overpotentials were recorded for the evolution of oxygen (0.1 V at 1.7 A cm−2) and the oxygen reduction process (0.1 V at 2.4 A cm−2) at 800 °C. The high‐temperature battery based on the CGO electrolyte showed a pronounced propensity to spontaneously discharge. This was caused by redox behavior involving the interconversion between the Ce4+ and Ce3+ ions in the crystallographic structure, which caused a parasitic electron drag through the electrolyte. On the other hand, the LSGM‐based battery showed promising cyclability characteristics at 800 °C with an open‐circuit voltage higher than 1 V, an electric capacity of 0.3 Ah g−1, and an energy density of 0.22 Wh g−1. However, significant improvements in the coulombic efficiency (≈42 %) for this battery system are necessary for practical applications.
Development of a fermented quinoa‐based beverage
Authors: Ludena Urquizo Fanny Emma , García Torres Silvia Melissa , Tolonen Tiina , Jaakkola Mari , Pena‐Niebuhr Maria Grazzia , von Wright Atte , Repo‐Carrasco‐Valencia Ritva , Korhonen Hannu , Plumed‐Ferrer Carme 
Published: October 2016

AbstractQuinoa is a crop that originated from the Andes. It has high nutritional value, outstanding agro‐ecological adaptability, and low water requirements. Quinoa is an excellent crop alternative to help overcome food shortages, and it can also have a role in the prevention of developed world lifestyle diseases, such as type‐2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, etc. In order to expand the traditional uses of quinoa and to provide new, healthier and more nutritious food products, a fermented quinoa‐based beverage was developed. Two quinoa varieties (Rosada de Huancayo and Pasankalla) were studied. The fermentation process, viscosity, acidity, and metabolic activity during the preparation and storage of the drink were monitored, as well as the preliminary organoleptic acceptability of the product. The drink had viable and stable microbiota during the storage time and the fermentation proved to be mostly homolactic. Both quinoa varieties were suitable as base for fermented products; Pasankalla, however, has the advantage due to higher protein content, lower saponin concentration, and lower loss of viscosity during the fermentation process. These results suggest that the differences between quinoa varieties may have substantial effects on food processes and on the properties of final products. This is a factor that should be taken into account when planning novel products based on this grain.
A methodology for designing maximum allowable wellhead pressure for CO2 injection: application to the Shenhua CCS demonstration project, China
Authors: Bai Bing , Li Xiaochun , Wu Haiqing , Wang Yongsheng , Liu Mingze 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMaximum allowable wellhead pressure is an effective indicator for both site safety control and government regulation of CO2 geological storage projects. In many carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects, the injection rate may also be set as an obligatory objective. For such a problem of multi‐objective design, no systematic design methodology has been opened in the publicly available literature. Although a numerical simulator can be employed to obtain the wellhead pressure through a series of trial processes of calculations, this will usually need more model parameters and a large number of computations, especially when there are more reservoirs. In this study, an extensible methodological framework for designing a maximum allowable wellhead pressure for CO2 injection was developed. The methodology is based on a thermal‐hydraulic coupling model of wellbore and reservoir flows suitable for arbitrary number of reservoirs. The new methodology can automatically accommodate multiple design objectives, such as site stability and total injection rate. As a result of explicit solutions employed, the methodology has the advantage of less computation and high speed. Using this method, we recommended a maximum allowable wellhead pressure of 13.0 MPa for the Shenhua CCS demonstration project in China, which has been accepted by the expert committee of the project. The large amount of verification data and four‐year successful injections in the project have proved the effectiveness of the new method. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Are Health State Valuations from the General Public Biased? A Test of Health State Reference Dependency Using Self‐assessed Health and an Efficient Discrete Choice Experiment
Authors: Jonker Marcel F. , Attema Arthur E. , Donkers Bas , Stolk Elly A. , Versteegh Matthijs M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractHealth state valuations of patients and non‐patients are not the same, whereas health state values obtained from general population samples are a weighted average of both. The latter constitutes an often‐overlooked source of bias. This study investigates the resulting bias and tests for the impact of reference dependency on health state valuations using an efficient discrete choice experiment administered to a Dutch nationally representative sample of 788 respondents. A Bayesian discrete choice experiment design consisting of eight sets of 24 (matched pairwise) choice tasks was developed, with each set providing full identification of the included parameters. Mixed logit models were used to estimate health state preferences with respondents' own health included as an additional predictor. Our results indicate that respondents with impaired health worse than or equal to the health state levels under evaluation have approximately 30% smaller health state decrements. This confirms that reference dependency can be observed in general population samples and affirms the relevance of prospect theory in health state valuations. At the same time, the limited number of respondents with severe health impairments does not appear to bias social tariffs as obtained from general population samples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio at diagnosis is an independent prognostic factor in patients with nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma: results of a large multicenter study involving 990 patients
Authors: Marcheselli Raffaella , Bari Alessia , Tadmor Tamar , Marcheselli Luigi , Cox Maria Christina , Pozzi Samantha , Ferrari Angela , Baldini Luca , Gobbi Paolo , Aviv Ariel , Pugliese Giuseppe , Federico Massimo , Polliack Aaron , Sacchi Stefano 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSeveral studies have demonstrated the prognostic value of neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with solid tumors and non–Hodgkin lymphoma. In contrast, there is only sparse data on its prognostic role in patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). The aim of our study was to establish whether NLR could serve as an independent prognostic factor in a cohort of 990 patients with nodular sclerosis (NS)‐cHL. After analysis of the log hazard ratio (HR) as a function of NLR, we chose the value 6 as cutoff. Patients with NLR >6 had a worse progression‐free survival and overall survival compared to those with NLR ≤6; 84% vs 75% and 92% vs 88%, at 5 years, with an HR of 1.65 and 1.82, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk remained high with HR 1.44 and HR 1.54 in progression‐free survival and overall survival, respectively. In summary, our study shows that NLR is a robust and independent prognostic parameter in NS‐cHL, both in early and advanced disease. It is inexpensive and simple to apply. Thus, we conclude that NLR, possibly in combination with the international prognostic score and absolute monocyte count, is a useful guide for physicians treating NS‐cHL patients.
Poly(ethylene glycol acrylate)‐functionalized hydrogels for heparan sulfate oligosaccharide recognition
Authors: Mothéré Mouna , Singabraya Dominique , Driguez Pierre‐Alexandre , Siñeriz Fernando , Papy‐Garcia Dulce 
Published: October 2016

AbstractHeparan sulfates are complex polysaccharides belonging to the family of glycosaminoglycans that participate to the regulation of cell behavior and tissue homeostasis. The biological activities conferred to heparan sulfates are largely dependent on the content and positioning of the sulfate groups along their saccharidic units. At present, identification of particular sulfation patterns in biologically relevant heparan sulfate sequences remains challenging. Although several approaches for structure analysis exist, the complexity of heparan sulfates makes new and original approaches still required. Here, we used molecular imprinting technologies to prepare a library of polyethylene glycol acrylate functionalized hydrogels with the aim to investigate their applicability as specific recognizing systems for fondaparinux, a synthetic pentasaccharide analog to the antithrombin binding site of heparin. Adequate choice of the hydrogel composition and controlling rebinding conditions were important determinants for improving the sulfated oligosaccharide recognition specificity and selectivity. Our results suggest that molecular imprinting approaches could be a possibility for the specific recognition of biologically active sequences in heparan sulfates.
Validation of clinical risk scores for laparoscopic liver resections of colorectal liver metastases: A 10‐year observed follow‐up study
Authors: Barkhatov Leonid , Fretland Åsmund A. , Kazaryan Airazat M. , Røsok Bård I. , Brudvik Kristoffer W. , Waage Anne , Bjørnbeth Bjørn A. , Sahakyan Mushegh A. , Edwin Bjørn 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to validate clinical risk scores in patients underwent laparoscopic resection of colorectal liver metastases (CLM) with 5 years follow‐up or more, and assess 5‐ and 10‐year actual survival in this group.MethodsA total of 516 laparoscopic liver resections were performed in 406 patients with CLM between February 1998 and September 2015. A follow‐up of 5 and 10 years could be assessed in 144 and 29 patients, respectively. The Fong score, pre‐ and postoperative Basingstoke Predictive Index (BPI), Nordlinger score, and Iwatsuki score were validated.ResultsFive‐ and ten‐year cancer‐related actual survival was 54% and 32%, respectively. The Fong score, pre‐ and postoperative BPI and the Nordlinger score divided patients into risk groups with significant difference in survival between the groups. However, predicted 5‐year survival rates were lower than the actual 5‐year survival (mean difference in 17%,13%, 20%, and 30%, respectively).ConclusionThe Fong score, pre‐ and postoperative BPI and the Nordlinger score systems can be used to predict survival for laparoscopically operated patients in the era of multimodal‐treatment after adjusting of survival rates. The actual five‐ and 10‐year survival after laparoscopic resection of CLM is similar to results previously published for open liver resection. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:757–763. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical outcomes for patients after surgery and radiation therapy for mesenchymal chondrosarcomas
Authors: De Amorim Bernstein Karen , Liebsch Norbert , Chen Yen‐Lin , Niemierko Andrzej , Schwab Joseph H. , Raskin Kevin , Lozano‐Calderon Santiago A. , Cote Gregory , Harmon David C. , Choy Edwin , Haynes Alex , Mullen John , Hornicek Francis J. , DeLaney Thomas F. 
Published: October 2016

IntroductionWe report the outcome of 23 patients with mesenchymal chondrosarcomas treated with surgery and radiation therapy +/− chemotherapy. The intent of the project was to review the impact of patient and treatment variables on treatment outcome, in particular with regard to extent of surgery and radiation dose.Patients and MethodsTwenty‐three patients with mesenchymal chondrosarcomas were treated with surgery and radiation therapy (min. dose 44 Gy; max. dose 78 Gy; median dose 60 Gy; mean dose 61 Gy).ResultsThe median survival for the entire cohort of patients was 21.65 years (95% confidence interval ± 4.25). The 5‐ and 10‐year OS was 78.6%. Median disease‐free survival for the 23 patients was 7.2 years. Disease‐free survival (DFS) at 3 and 5 years was 70.7% and 57.8%, respectively. The local control rate at 5 and 10 years was 89.5% (95%CI 64.1–97.3%). Only three patients experienced local failure, three patients had regional failure, and eight developed distant metastases.ConclusionsIn this cohort of patients local tumor control was high when using a combination of surgery and radiation. There was not a clear relationship between radiation dose and local tumor control. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:982–986. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The impact of resection method and patient factors on quality of life among stage IA non‐small cell lung cancer surgical patients
Authors: Schwartz Rebecca M. , Yip Rowena , Flores Raja M. , Olkin Ingram , Taioli Emanuela , Henschke Claudia ,   For the I‐ELCAP Investigators
Published: October 2016

Background and ObjectivesGiven the increased number of treatment options for stage IA lung cancer patients, there is a growing body of literature that focuses on comparing each option's relative impact on quality of life (QoL). The current study seeks to further understand the differences in these patients’ QoL according to surgical approach.MethodsScreening‐diagnosed first primary pathologic stage IA non‐small‐cell lung cancer surgical patients from the I‐ELCAP cohort who answered a baseline and 1‐year follow‐up QoL questionnaire (SF‐12) were included in the analysis. Thoracotomy patients (N = 85) were compared with VATS patients (N = 15) using paired t‐tests and analysis of variance tests.ResultsMultivariate analyses indicated no differences in QoL change between the two groups from pre‐ to post‐surgery. Physical and emotional role functioning significantly improved among VATS patients and worsened among thoracotomy patients. Among thoracotomy patients, a significant decrease in post‐surgical physical QoL was observed only in those who underwent lobectomy (−3.3; 95% CI: −5.1,−1.5), not limited resection.ConclusionsAlthough the sample size is small, preliminary findings underscore that changes in overall QoL are similar in VATS and thoracotomy stage IA lung cancer patients. Extension of the resection may be a more relevant factor on QoL post‐surgery. J. Surg. Oncol. 2017;115:173–180. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.