bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identify the potential pathways and candidate biomarkers of stroke associated with bipolar disorder: Bioinformatics and system biology approach
Authors: Hosen Md. Faruk , Basar Md. Abul , Yasmin Mst. Farjana , Hasan Md. Rakibul , Uddin Muhammad Shahin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The field of computational bioinformatics and systems biology analysis is growing rapidly as a result of advanced bioinformatics tools. Bipolar Disorder (BD) is one of the most serious psychiatric illnesses that affect both adults and adolescent. In recent years the danger of stroke is expanded in people with BD. Stroke and BD diseases are interrelated. Background studies suggest that BD and stroke share a large number of biochemical as well as genetic characteristics. The aim of this study was to explore the association between genetic variations and the two aforementioned disorders.as well as and to construct a PPI network or identical channel. For this reason, common genes are discovered to identify shared pathways. Based on biochemical, molecular, and genetic interactions between shared genes, this study finds the most important hub genes. Observing these associations, the Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network, Topological properties analysis, Enrichment Analysis, Co-Expression network, Gene regulatory network (GRN), and also physical interaction network are displayed. Thus, this will help to compare the biochemical and genetic characteristics of BD and Stroke. The interaction of proteins with drug compounds allows for the efficient creation of drugs for this study. Finally chemical experiments may be used to further verify the efficacy of these drugs.
Reticulating Node-Linker-Modulator Chemical Spaces for Modular Design of Glasses and Liquids
Authors: Zhao Yingbo , Liu Ying , qi chenghang , Ma Rui-fang , zhu yihui , Yin Zheng , Zeng Ming-Hua , Liu Gengxin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Network-forming glasses linked up by molecular building blocks through strong bonds are emerging new materials that can combine the processability of glasses and modular designability of reticular frameworks. The key challenge to achieve modular designability and structural diversity for molecular network-forming glasses arise from their strong and directional linkages between molecular building blocks restricting configurational motion needed for vitrification and liquification. Herein, we show that introducing network modulators can facilitate configurational motion by dynamic exchange and reduction of network connectivity, which represent a highly generic strategy to facilitate the vitrification of networks linked with strong bonds. Consequently, node-linker-modulator represent a generic formula for synthesizing molecular network-forming glasses, which can be applied both for metal-organic networks and covalent organic networks. The modular designability of the node-linker-modulator chemical spaces is demonstrated with titanium, zirconium and boron-based nodes, various multi-dentate alcohol linkers and monodentate alcohol modulators. Systematically tuning the modulator ratio gives universal scaling of viscosity and heat capacity jump associated with glass transition, which clearly shows how modulator would increase glass forming ability. The modular designability is exploited for rationally synthesizing fluorescent molecular network-forming glasses with high quantum yield, which can be integrated into electroluminescent devices. The current development represents an important expansion of reticular chemistry into the regime of glassy materials.
Changes in the hematological profile, hepatic biomarkers, antioxidant capacity, and digestive functions of Sterlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus) fed diet supplemented with dietary nucleotides
Authors: Taklu Meigol , Islami Houman Rajabi , Shekarabi Seyed Pezhman Hosseini , Mousavi Seyed Abdolmajid , Jourdehi Ayoub Yousefi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of dietary nucleotides (NTs) on hematological indices, hepatic biomarkers, antioxidant capacity, digestive functions, and intestinal histomorphology of Sterlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus). Over 10 weeks, five diets with varying NT levels (0 g/kg, 1.5 g/kg, 2.5 g/kg, 3.5 g/kg, and 5.0 g/kg) were fed to triplicate groups of fish (initial weight: 95.33 ± 1.23 g) in a flow-through system. Results indicated no significant differences in RBC, Hb, MCHC, HCT, and EOS among groups (p > 0.05). The highest WBC count was seen in fish on the 3.5 g/kg NT diet compared to the control (p < 0.05). Serum hepatic enzyme levels generally decreased with higher NT supplementation, although ALT increased significantly at the 5.0 g/kg level (p < 0.05). Antioxidant capacity improved in fish fed 0.25 and 0.35 g/kg NTs (p < 0.05), while serum MDA decreased with up to 3.5 g/kg NTs but increased at 5.0 g/kg (p < 0.05). Protease and amylase activity peaked in fish receiving 3.5 g/kg NTs (p < 0.05), with lipase activity highest at 2.5 g/kg NTs (p < 0.05). Intestinal histology revealed that fish on the 3.5 g/kg NT diet exhibited the greatest villi height and width, along with more goblet cells (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the present study indicated the optimum dietary level of NTs for positive effects on physiometabolic responses and intestine functions of the Sterlet sturgeon lies in the range of 2.2–3.6 g/kg.
Chronic Absenteeism After the Pandemic: Evidence from Brazilian Students
Authors: Lichand Guilherme , Klotz Lucas , Lopes Lêticia , Grochoki Luis Filipe de Miranda 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This paper provides first-hand evidence that chronic absenteeism (the share of students who miss 10% of classes or more during a school year), increased drastically in low-and middle-income countries like Brazil after the pandemic. Drawing on official attendance data for the universe of students whose households are eligible for Bolsa Família – the country’s flagship conditional cash transfer program –, we document that chronic absenteeism nearly doubled in 2022-23 relative to 2018-19, now affecting ~23.3% of low-income students and still on the rise even after in-person classes resumed. A novel nationally representative survey documents that such patterns are similar in the general student population. Using a triple-differences strategy, which contrasts public to private school students within municipalities in São Paulo State that authorized the former to resume in-person classes already in 2020 vs. those that did not reveals that, different from the US, returning to in-person classes earlier caused higher chronic absenteeism after the pandemic – inconsistent with the latter being driven by the erosion of attendance norms. Rather, students report recurring health
issues and lack of motivation in face of dramatic learning losses as the most common reasons
for missing classes.
2D single-faceted IrO2(101) monolayer enabling high-performing proton exchange membrane water electrolysis beyond 8,000 h stability at 1.5 A cm-2
Authors: Liu Jianguo , Yang Deren , Zuo Shouwei , Tan Aidong , Zhang Chunyang , Qin Yufeng , Shi Xiaoyun , Hua Kang , An Xuemin , Liu Yubo , Yue Yang , Jin Louyu , Zhang Yipeng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Both commercially available and laboratory-synthesized IrO2 catalysts typically possess rutile-type structures and diverse facet orientations. According to the theoretical results from density functional theory calculations, distinct IrO2 facets will result in divergent electrocatalytic properties, among which the (101) crystal facet is theoretically predicted as the most energetically favorable for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) owing to its lowest energy barrier. Maintaining a single-unit-cell thickness while exposing a desired facet of 2D IrO2 presents a significant opportunity and challenge for the development of high-performance OER anode catalysts. Herein, we develop an ammonia-induced facet engineering for oriented modulation of crystal facets in the ultimate limit of monolayer thickness, and successfully synthesize 2D monolayer IrO2 exposing unique (101) facet. At the current density of 10 mA cm-2geo, an ultralow overpotential of 230 mV has been achieved on the highly activated (101) facet in a three-electrode system. More importantly, in a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer, the IrO2 anode reaches a low voltage of 1.74 V at an industrial-level current density of 2 A cm-2geo, much lower than that of all commercial IrO2 electrocatalysts. Though facet engineering primarily contributes to modulating the intrinsic activity rather than stability, the as-prepared IrO2(101) monolayer performs over 8,000 hours of PEM water electrolysis (PEMWE) stability at constant 1.5 A cm-2geo, with a negligible decay rate of 4.0 mV kh-1. Furthermore, even a long-term PEMWE test of 1000 h using the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with ultra-low Ir loading of 0.2 mgIr cm-2geo under fluctuating operating conditions is performed, ECell remains highly electrochemically stable over time at 1.5 A cm-2geo, without any signs of catalyst degradation. This work proposes that ammonia-induced facet engineering of 2D monolayer IrO2 could represent a novel approach to selectively expose the desired (101) facet, thereby enabling unique facet-dependent OER performance and ultrahigh stability in industrial-scale PEM electrolysis, even under voltage fluctuations generated by solar and wind power.
Predictive value of simplified insulin resistance assessment indicators for metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly Chinese without established diabetes
Authors: Zhang Xuebing , Li Xiaoran , Wang Ge , Li Jiayue , Mu Yiming , Wang Lianjie , Wang Shidong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective To investigate the predictive value of simplified insulin resistance (IR) assessment indicators for metabolic syndrome (MetS) in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals without established diabetes.
Methods A total of 16,621 subjects from Shijingshan District, Beijing, China, were recruited for the study from November 2011 to August 2012. Data on demographic information, lifestyle, history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, anthropometric indices, and biomarkers were recorded. MetS was diagnosed based on the diagnostic standards of the Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) MetS (2020 edition). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive power of different simplified IR assessment indicators, including the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), plasma TG-to-HDL concentration ratio (TG/HDL-C), TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI), TyG-waist circumference (TyG-WC), and TyG-waist-to-height ratio (TyG-WHtR) for MetS, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated.
Results Among men, the area under the curve of the simplified IR surrogate index for MS was as follows: TyG-WC > TyG-WHtR > TyG-BMI > TyG = TG/HDL-C. Among women, the ranking was TyG-WC > TyG-WHtR > TyG-BMI > TyG > TG/HDL-C ratio. The AUC for TyG-WC were 0.900 and 0.905 for men and women, respectively. The optimal TyG-WC was 779.8 in men and 746.3 in women.
Conclusions TyG, TG/HDL-C ratio, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR can be used to predict MetS risk. Among them, TyG-WC was a more powerful predictor of MetS than the other four indexes.
Exploration of m7G Modification Level and Immune Infiltration Characteristics in Patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Authors: Wu Haicong , Lu Lingling , Guo Yujia , Chen Yu , Fang Jian , Li Zhaoshen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) is closely associated with immune disorders influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The role of post-translational modifications in PSC remains to be explored. In this study, we analyzed 20 differentially expressed m7G-related genes between 220 PSC patients and 320 healthy individuals. Through three clustering strategies, we identified that m7G Cluster A and Gene Cluster B exhibited similar biological processes and immune cell infiltration patterns, primarily involving macrophages, T lymphocytes, and pathways related to infection, tumor transformation, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Notably, these clusters were linked to higher m7G scores, indicating a potential relationship between m7G RNA and the pathogenesis and progression of PSC. Furthermore, we identified eight key m7G-related genes and constructed a nomogram model to predict the risk of PSC, providing insights into its underlying mechanisms and potential clinical applications.
A Comparative Study Assessing the Confidence of Doctors in Conventional vs Artificial Intelligence Assisted Radiological Diagnoses for Patient Care
Authors: Puzhakkal Ilfa Fida , Shah Shripal , Nair Supriya , Patel Parth K. , George Abhina , Adya Vidhi , Koumbem Arsene 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into radiology has shown promise in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and efficiency, yet the confidence of doctors in AI-assisted diagnosis remains uncertain. AI's potential to streamline workflows and detect complex abnormalities is widely acknowledged, but skepticism persists regarding its reliability and the potential disruption of traditional radiological practices. This study aims to assess global doctors' confidence in AI-assisted radiology and explore factors influencing their acceptance of AI technologies.
Methods:
This descriptive cross-sectional survey involved 384 doctors from diverse clinical settings worldwide. A self-administered questionnaire captured demographic data, confidence in AI versus conventional radiology, and perceptions of AI in clinical practice. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results:
The majority of participants (66.7%) expressed higher confidence in conventional radiologist-led diagnoses compared to AI-assisted interpretations. Confidence in AI tools averaged 5.35/10, with limited AI training (16.9%) and lack of trust (13%) as the primary challenges. Participants with more experience reported greater confidence in interpreting radiographs independently and relied less on radiologists. Common challenges in conventional radiology included delays (35%) and limited access to radiologists (26%). AI was seen as beneficial for routine cases but not yet trusted for complex diagnoses, with only 36.7% believing it will eventually surpass human expertise.
Conclusion:
Doctors continue to favor conventional radiologist-led diagnostics over AI-assisted tools due to concerns about trust, reliability, and insufficient training. While AI holds potential for improving diagnostic accuracy and reducing time constraints, widespread adoption requires overcoming significant barriers. Radiologists remain crucial in clinical decision-making, and AI will likely serve as a supplementary tool until confidence in its capabilities improves.
Examination of Anatomic Formations and Their Variations Located in Sinonasal Area by Multidetector Computerized Tomography
Authors: Dogmus Sumeyra , Karabulut Ahmet Kagan , Fazliogullari Zeliha , Dogan Nadire Unver 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aims to identify the anatomical structures and variations in the sinonasal region of patients who were admitted to otorhinolaryngology clinic at Selçuk University Medical Faculty Hospital and to compare these findings according to gender and lateralization.
Methods
Multidetector computerized tomography (MDCT) scans on axial and coronal planes from the archives of 200 patients (113 males, 87 females; mean age 30; age range 4–72) who had not any surgical procedures or trauma history to the sinonasal region were examined. Several variations were identified and these variations were compared in terms of gender and lateralization.
Results
In this study, the most frequently detected variation was agger nasi cells (73.5%), followed by septal deviation (67.5%), pneumatization of the middle nasal concha (47.5%), frontal sinus septum (43.5%), hypertrophy of the inferior nasal concha (42%), onodi cell (36.5%), haller cell (29.5%), septal spur (29.5%) and sphenoid sinus septum (23%).
Conclusion
The sinonasal area is one of the most common areas with anatomic variations. Recognition of anatomic variations of the nose and paranasal sinuses helps to preventing complications and achieving better surgical results.
The Impact of Electroacupuncture Combined with Extracorporeal Ultrasound on Knee Osteoarthritis: A Random Clinical Study
Authors: Cai Luoyang , Li Yu , Xu Yue , Huang Hai , Xu Jianguo , Zhang Lijun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) represents a rich repository of empirically developed traditional medicines. Electroacupuncture(EA) therapy is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine. It calls for more rigorous study into the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action of TCM remedies to strengthen the evidence base. This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) combined with Extracorporeal Ultrasound (EU) in patients with Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA).
Methods
A cohort of 110 KOA patients, admitted to The Second People's Hospital of Yichang from February 2024 to August 2024, were randomly assigned to either a control group or an observation group, each consisting of 55 individuals. 10 patients were excluded due to tuberculosis, tumor and intolerance to acupuncture treatment or EU. The control group received standard care for KOA, while the observation group underwent EA and EU intervention for a period of 2 weeks. Parameters such as pain level, knee joint function, symptom score, therapeutic efficacy were assessed pre- and post-intervention to determine the efficacy of the interventions.
Results
Initially, there were no significant differences in pain level, knee joint function, symptom score, therapeutic efficacy between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Post-intervention, both groups showed improvements in these parameters, with the observation group demonstrating superior outcomes. Specifically, pain VAS scores and symptom scores in the observation group was significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.05), but KOOS scores and clinical efficacy in the observation group was significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The combination of EA and EU can significantly alleviate the symptoms of joint pain in patients with KOA, improve knee joint function, enhance the quality of life, and has superior therapeutic effects compared to celecoxib and sodium hyaluronate.
Integrated analysis of M2 macrophage-related gene prognostic model and single-cell sequence to predict immunotherapy response in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Meifang , Wang Zhiping , Huang Bin , Lai yanyun , Zhang Meng , Lin Cheng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients have high heterogeneity. The significance and clinical value of M2 macrophage related genes in LUAD require further exploration. We aimed to construct a prognostic signature to predict the immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis in LUAD.
Methods
GSE26939 and GSE19188 chips were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis were used to screen M2 macrophage-related prognostic genes. A signature based on M2 macrophage-related prognostic genes was established and used to predict the prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy in LUAD.
Results
Twenty-two M2 macrophage-related genes associated with the prognosis of LUAD were confirmed using WGNNA, and then two molecular subtypes were identified with significant different survival, gene expressions and clinic characteristics were classified. LASSO analysis identified nine M2 macrophage-related prognostic genes to establish a risk signature, classifying patients into low- and high-risk groups. Data indicated that low-risk patients had better survival. Moreover, the signature was an independent prognostic factor for LUAD and a potential biomarker for patients receiving immunotherapy. Single-cell transcriptome analysis may provide important information on molecular subtypes and heterogeneity.
Conclusions
Risk signature based on M2 macrophage-related genes is a valuable tool for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in patients with LUAD.
Culturally competent doctors start here: Investigating the impact of a cultural diversity course on Korean medical students
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Minh , Park Yon Chul 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Cultural diversity (CD) plays a crucial role in healthcare, influencing patient outcomes and reducing health disparities. In regard to diversity, the Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) principle is indispensable. This study examined the changes in understanding cultural diversity after a course was completed at a medical school in Korea.
Methods: A quasiexperimental study was employed to investigate the change in student attitudes toward cultural diversity after completing the Cultural Diversity (CD) course. A total of 85 first-year medical students were selected as the study participants and were surveyed via a 14-question survey at two points: before the commencement of the course and after its completion. The data were analyzed quantitatively via paired sample t tests to observe changes over time.
Results: The overall average scores for all the questions from all the students after completing the course were higher than those before the course. However, among the 14 questions, questions 2, 3, 4, and 9 showed statistically insignificant differences (p > 0.05). The overall average scores for all the questions from the students increased after they completed the course. However, for four specific questions—questions 2, 3, 4, and 9—the differences between the pre- and postcourse scores were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Additionally, the independent variables, including age, gender, religion, and income level, did not have a statistically significant relationship with the dependent variable, which is the change in scores from pretest to posttest.
Conclusions: Students demonstrated positive changes after completing the course, indicating a need for further research to assess the effectiveness of this class.
LTGAN: Lighting Transfer GAN for Fine Makeup Transfer
Authors: Song Yifei , Wang Yongfang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Most existing makeup transfer methods ignore the effect of lighting conditions, resulting in imprecise and unnatural results of makeup transfer. To address this issue, in the paper, we propose a Lighting Transfer Generative Adversarial Networks (LTGAN) for makeup transfer, which includes Lighting Transfer Module (LTM), Facial Feature Encoder (FEEnc), Detail Refining Encoder (DREnc), Makeup Transfer Module (MTM) and Makeup Apply Decoder (MADec). First, lighting transfer is proposed to transfer the lighting of the source image to the reference image, reducing the impact of reference image lighting on makeup transfer. Second, DREnc is introduced to capture both global/local and multi-level features by combining CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining) image encoder and attention model. Third, Hybrid Loss Function is proposed to achieve fine local makeup transfer by introducing a local loss function based on facial masks. In particular, ConvNeXt V2 block network is introduced to both FEEnc and MADec to achieve more accurate feature map extraction. Finally, we also consider the neck as a part of makeup to obtain a new facial mask by fusing the mask of the neck with the original mask of the face, thereby making the overall effect of makeup transfer more natural. Compared to other existing approaches, the experimental results show that the proposed fine makeup transfer model based on lighting transfer retains more information from the source image, and avoids interference from irrelevant reference image information on makeup transfer to attain more natural and state-of-the-art makeup.