bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the associations of food and financial insecurity and food assistance with breastfeeding practices among first-time mothers
Authors: de Brito Junia N , Friedman Jessica K , Johnson Sydney T , Berge Jerica M , Mason Susan M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Social determinants of health (SDoH), such as food and financial insecurity and food assistance, are potentially modifiable factors that may influence breastfeeding initiation and duration. Knowledge gaps exist regarding the relationship between these SDoH and infant feeding practices. We explored the relationships of food and financial insecurity and food assistance with the continuation of breastfeeding at four months postpartum among mothers and whether race and ethnicity modified these associations.

Design:
Mothers retrospectively reported food and financial insecurity and receipt of food assistance (e.g. Women, Infants and Children and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) during pregnancy with their first child and infant feeding practices (exclusive/mostly breastfeeding v. exclusive/mostly formula feeding) following the birth of their first child. Sociodemographic-adjusted modified Poisson regressions estimated prevalence ratios and 95 % CI.

Setting:
Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota.

Participants:
Mothers who participated in the Life-course Experiences And Pregnancy study (LEAP) (n 486).

Results:
Ten percent of mothers reported food insecurity, 43 % financial insecurity and 22 % food assistance during their pregnancies. At four months postpartum, 63 % exclusively/mostly breastfed and 37 % exclusively/mostly formula-fed. We found a lower adjusted prevalence of breastfeeding at four months postpartum for mothers who reported experiencing food insecurity (0·65; 0·43–0·98) and receiving food assistance (0·66; 0·94–0·88) relative to those who did not. For financial insecurity (aPR 0·92; 0·78, 1·08), adjusted estimates showed little evidence of an association.

Conclusions:
We found a lower level of breastfeeding among mothers experiencing food insecurity and using food assistance. Resources to support longer breastfeeding duration for mothers are needed. Moreover, facilitators, barriers and mechanisms of breastfeeding initiation and duration must be identified.
Effects of Anthropogenic Aerosols on the East Asian Winter Monsoon
Authors: Zhang Shenglong , Wright Jonathon S. , Guo Zengyuan , Huang Wenyu , Peng Yiran 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCirculation patterns linked to the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) affect precipitation, surface temperature, and air quality extremes over East Asia. These circulation patterns can in turn be influenced by aerosol radiative and microphysical effects through diabatic heating and its impacts on atmospheric vorticity. Using global model simulations, we investigate the effects of anthropogenic aerosol emissions and concentration changes on the intensity and variability of the EAWM. Comparison with reanalysis products indicates that the model captures the mean state of the EAWM well. The experiments indicate that anthropogenic aerosol emissions strengthen the Siberian High but weaken the East Asian jet stream, making the land areas of East Asia colder, drier, and snowier. Aerosols reduce mean surface air temperatures by approximately C, comparable to about half of the difference between strong and weak EAWM episodes in the control simulation. The mechanisms behind these changes are evaluated by analyzing differences in the potential vorticity budget. Anthropogenic aerosol effects on diabatic heating strengthen anomalous subsidence over southern East Asia, establishing an anticyclonic circulation anomaly that suppresses deep convection and precipitation. Aerosol effects on cloud cover and cloud longwave radiative heating weaken stability over the eastern flank of the Tibetan Plateau, intensifying upslope flow along the western side of the anticyclone. Both circulation anomalies contribute to reducing surface air temperatures through regional impacts on thermal advection and the atmospheric radiative balance.
Increased Frequency but Decreased Intensity of Marine Heatwaves Around Coral Reef Regions in the Southern South China Sea
Authors: Lyu Yushan , Xiao Fuan , Lu Mengqian , Wang Dongxiao , Wu Qiaoyan , Wang Pin , Zeng Yinghai 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMarine heatwaves (MHWs) in the South China Sea (SCS) significantly affect both fishery resources and marine ecosystems. The characteristics and causal mechanisms of MHWs occurring in the southern SCS (SSCS) are not yet fully understood. In this study, the properties of MHWs, their long‐term trends, and how these compare to those in the coastal shelf region in the northern SCS were explored. It was revealed that the coral reef regions in the SSCS exhibit more frequent but less intense MHWs. Over the past four decades, the average frequency, duration, and total days of MHWs have increased and could be attributed to rising mean sea surface temperature (SST), primarily driven by the horizontal advection, particularly the zonal advection. The associated advections result from the long‐term wind stress curl change in the SSCS and strengthened Kuroshio Current, which are due to global warming‐induced enhanced vertical density stratification and wind speed acceleration. Furthermore, significant decrease in the MHW intensity around coral reef regions is mainly due to a negative SST–cloud feedback mechanism: during MHW events, enhanced latent heat loss intensifies convection, leading to total cloud formation, which in turn reduces solar radiation and subsequently decreases the MHW intensity. Interestingly, this increase in deep convection and decrease in the MHW intensity appear to coincide with the phase transition of the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation. Our findings underscore the divergent trends in MHW properties in the SSCS, providing valuable insights into their potential impact on the region’s coral reefs.
Osteopontin deficiency promotes cartilaginous endplate degeneration by enhancing the NF-κB signaling to recruit macrophages and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Wang Yanqiu , Zhang Wanqian , Yang Yi , Qin Jinghao , Wang Ruoyu , Wang Shuai , Fu Wenjuan , Niu Qin , Wang Yanxia , Li Changqing , Li Hongli , Zhou Yue , Liu Minghan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major cause of discogenic pain, and is attributed to the dysfunction of nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus, and cartilaginous endplate (CEP). Osteopontin (OPN), a glycoprotein, is highly expressed in the CEP. However, little is known on how OPN regulates CEP homeostasis and degeneration, contributing to the pathogenesis of IDD. Here, we investigate the roles of OPN in CEP degeneration in a mouse IDD model induced by lumbar spine instability and its impact on the degeneration of endplate chondrocytes (EPCs) under pathological conditions. OPN is mainly expressed in the CEP and decreases with degeneration in mice and human patients with severe IDD. Conditional Spp1 knockout in EPCs of adult mice enhances age-related CEP degeneration and accelerates CEP remodeling during IDD. Mechanistically, OPN deficiency increases CCL2 and CCL5 production in EPCs to recruit macrophages and enhances the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB signaling by facilitating assembly of IRAK1-TRAF6 complex, deteriorating CEP degeneration in a spatiotemporal pattern. More importantly, pharmacological inhibition of the NF-κB/NLRP3 axis attenuates CEP degeneration in OPN-deficient IDD mice. Overall, this study highlights the importance of OPN in maintaining CEP and disc homeostasis, and proposes a promising therapeutic strategy for IDD by targeting the NF-κB/NLRP3 axis.
Continuous-time robust frequency regulation in isolated microgrids with decentralized fixed structure μ-synthesis and comparative analysis with PID and FOPID controllers
Authors: Mohammed Abdallah , Kadry Ahmed , Abo-Adma Maged , Samahy Adel El , Elazab Rasha 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIsolated microgrids, which are crucial for supplying electricity to remote areas using local energy sources, have garnered increased attention due to the escalating integration of renewable energy sources in modern microgrids. This integration poses technical challenges, notably in mitigating frequency deviations caused by non-dispatchable renewables, which threaten overall system stability. Therefore, this paper introduces decentralized fixed structure robust μ-synthesis controllers for continuous-time applications, surpassing the limitations of conventional centralized controllers. Motivated by the increasing importance of microgrids, this work contributes to the vital area of frequency regulation. The research challenge involves developing a controller that not only addresses the identified technical issues but also surpasses the limitations of conventional centralized controllers. In contrast to their centralized counterparts, the proposed decentralized controllers prove more reliable, demonstrating enhanced disturbance rejection capabilities amidst substantial uncertainties, represented through normalized co-prime factorization. The proposed controllers are designed using the D-K iteration technique, incorporating performance weight filters on control actions to maintain low control sensitivity and ensure specific frequency band operation for each sub-system. Importantly, the design considers unstructured uncertainty up to 40%, addressing real-world uncertainties comprehensively. Rigorous robust stability and performance tests underscore the controller's superiority, demonstrating its robustness against elevated uncertainty levels. Robust stability is verified for all controllers, with the proposed controller showing robust stability against up to 171% of the modeled uncertainty. Notably, the controller boasts a fixed structure with lower order compared to other H-infinity controllers, enhancing its practical implementation. Comparative analyses against Coronavirus Herd Immunity Optimizer tuned Proportional-Integral-Derivative (CHIO-PID) controller and CHIO tuned Fractional-Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative (CHIO-FOPID) controller further validate the superior performance of the proposed solution, offering a significant step towards ensuring the stability and reliability of microgrid systems in the face of evolving energy landscapes.
Fluid bolus increases plasma hyaluronan concentration compared to follow-up strategy without a bolus in oliguric intensive care unit patients
Authors: Serlo Maija , Inkinen Nina , Lakkisto Päivi , Valkonen Miia , Pulkkinen Anni , Selander Tuomas , Pettilä Ville , Vaara Suvi T. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFluid therapy is a fundamental part of supportive therapy in critical care. However, it is also a suspected risk for endothelial glycocalyx degradation which is associated with poor clinical outcomes. This secondary analysis of RESPONSE randomized trial compares the effect of follow-up strategy (FU) on endothelial biomarkers to that of 500 ml crystalloid fluid bolus (FB) in oliguric, hemodynamically optimized intensive care unit (ICU) patients. 130 adult subjects were enrolled in two Finnish ICUs from January 2017 to November 2020. Blood and urine samples of 63 patients in FU group and 67 patients in FB group were collected before and after the intervention and analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Single fluid bolus, given after median of 3887 ml (interquartile range 2842; 5359 ml) resuscitation fluids in the preceding 24 h, increased plasma hyaluronan concentration compared to the follow-up strategy (difference in medians 29.2 ng/ml with 95% CI [14.5ng/ml; 55.5ng/ml], P < 0.001). No treatment effect was detected in the plasma levels of syndecan-1, , angiopoietin-2, angiopoietin receptors Tie2 and Tie1, or in soluble thrombomodulin in the adjusted median regression analysis. The increase in hyaluronan was independent of its simultaneous renal clearance but correlated moderately with the increase in endothelium-specific Tie1. The follow-up strategy did not show consistent endothelium-sparing effect but protected against hyaluronan increase. The mechanisms and consequences of hyaluronan fluctuations need further clarification. Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02860572. Registered 1 August 2016, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02860572?term=NCT02860572&rank=1
Histamine synthesis and transport are coupled in axon terminals via a dual quality control system
Authors: Peng Lei , Wang Tao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMonoamine neurotransmitters generated by de novo synthesis are rapidly transported and stored into synaptic vesicles at axon terminals. This transport is essential both for sustaining synaptic transmission and for limiting the toxic effects of monoamines. Here, synthesis of the monoamine histamine by histidine decarboxylase (HDC) and subsequent loading of histamine into synaptic vesicles are shown to be physically and functionally coupled within Drosophila photoreceptor terminals. This process requires HDC anchoring to synaptic vesicles via interactions with N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein 1 (NSF1). Disassociating HDC from synaptic vesicles disrupts visual synaptic transmission and causes somatic accumulation of histamine, which leads to retinal degeneration. We further identified a proteasome degradation system mediated by the E3 ubiquitin ligase, purity of essence (POE), which clears mislocalized HDC from the soma, thus eliminating the cytotoxic effects of histamine. Taken together, our results reveal a dual mechanism for translocation and degradation of HDC that ensures restriction of histamine synthesis to axonal terminals and at the same time rapid loading into synaptic vesicles. This is crucial for sustaining neurotransmission and protecting against cytotoxic monoamines.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Speech-Language Pathology Utilization for Patients With Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Acute Care
Authors: Mormer Elizabeth , Terhorst Lauren , Coyle James , Freburger Janet 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
Disparities in health care utilization are modifiable drivers of disparities in health outcomes but have not been explored regarding speech-language pathology utilization for patients with dysphagia. This study explores racial and ethnic disparities in the utilization of speech-language pathology services among adult patients diagnosed with oropharyngeal dysphagia during acute care hospitalizations.

Method:
We analyzed New York State Inpatient Data on acute care hospitalizations in 2019. We identified adults with a diagnosis of oropharyngeal dysphagia and determined whether they received speech-language pathology services via revenue center codes, which indicate receipt of a speech-language pathology evaluation or treatment. Using generalized estimating equations, we estimated the effect of race/ethnicity (White, Black, Hispanic, and Other race) on speech-language pathology utilization (yes, no) during the acute care hospitalization, controlling for patient clinical characteristics (e.g., acute diagnoses and clinical comorbidities), demographic characteristics (e.g., insurance status, rural–urban status), and health system factors (e.g., hospital size). Subgroup analyses were conducted for select primary diagnoses (i.e., stroke, sepsis, and aspiration pneumonia).

Results:

We identified 56,198 individuals with a diagnosis of oropharyngeal dysphagia; 60.7% received speech-language pathology services. In the full sample analysis, the adjusted odds of speech-language pathology utilization were lower in Black relative to White individuals (odds ratio [
OR
] = 0.87 [0.76, 0.98],
p
= .026). Racial and ethnic disparities were present in the subgroup analyses, most notably for sepsis, where speech-language pathology utilization was significantly lower for Black, Hispanic, and Other race individuals (
OR
s from 0.61 to 0.77) relative to White individuals.

Conclusions:
We found evidence of racial and ethnic disparities in the utilization of speech-language pathology services for patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia in the acute care setting that varied by primary diagnosis. Further research is needed to replicate these findings and to begin to understand the reasons behind these disparities.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.26791741
Finite‐time H∞${{H}_\infty }$ fault detection for large‐scale power system via Markov jumping mechanism
Authors: Wang Xunting , Xu Bin , Ding Jinjin , Ren Chengcheng , Zhang Qian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the finite‐time fault detection problem for large‐scale power systems via the Markov jumping mechanism subject to unknown disturbances. The novel power system is described by a large‐scale system model, and the residual dynamic properties of unknown input signals and fault signals, including unknown disturbances and modelling errors, are obtained by reconstructing the system. Then, the energy norm indicators of the residual disturbance signal and fault signal are, respectively, selected to reflect their suppression effect on disturbance and sensitivity to faults. Moreover, the design of a fault detection observer is formulated as an optimisation problem. Based on Lyapunov theory and linear matrix inequalities (LMI), sufficient conditions for the designed fault detection observer solutions are given, and an optimisation design method is provided. Finally, the simulation results show that the optimised observer can detect the fault signal effectively and can contain the effect of unknown disturbances on the residuals within a given range when a fault occurs.
Multi‐image encryption and authentication using computational ghost imaging and singular value decomposition
Authors: Huang Hong , Han ZhiGuang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe non‐local imaging characteristics of computational ghost imaging (CGI) make it widely used in the field of information security. However, the information processing method based on traditional CGI has some problems in the process of multi‐image encryption, such as low efficiency and unsatisfactory reconstruction quality. Therefore, this article proposes to use wavelet transform and singular value decomposition technology to help computational ghost imaging to efficiently complete the coding and encryption of multiple images, and use alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM) in the process of image restoration to carry out high‐quality reconstruction of the original encrypted image. The results show that the scheme has good reconstruction effect, strong security and robustness even at a low sampling rate. It provides some reference for digital watermarking technology and cryptography.
Matched cross‐spectrum phase processing for source depth estimation in deep water
Authors: Zhou Lisheng , Yang Xiaohong , Zheng Guangying , Zhu Fangwei , Wang Fangyong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractZhou et al. (2022) proposed a method for instantaneous source depth estimation in deep water using matched beam intensity processing (MBIP) that leverages depth‐related oscillatory features arising from Lloyd's mirror interference in the frequency domain (Appl. Acoust., 2022, 186, 108493). However, the efficacy of MBIP diminishes with a random source spectrum. To counteract the effect of a random source spectrum, a vertical line array (VLA) positioned near the sea bottom is employed and a cross‐spectrum is generated from the conventional beamforming output, which is achieved by dividing the VLA into upper‐half and lower‐half arrays. The authors find that the cross‐spectrum phase interference pattern is determined by the source depth and is unaffected by the source spectrum. Consequently, a matched cross‐spectrum phase processing method is proposed, which demonstrates appreciable depth estimation accuracy compared to that of the existing techniques, as evidenced by the results from both simulated and experimental data.
Microwave assisted reduction of graphene oxide using multiwalled carbon nanotubes for high performance supercapacitor applications
Authors: Anjali  , Twinkle  , Kashyap Rajiv , Kumar Suresh , Goswamy J K 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study demonstrates a time-efficient, non-hazardous, chemical free, eco-friendly controllable reduction approach to reduce graphene oxide (GO) and in turn its usage as supercapacitor electrode. The electrochemical charge storage (supercapacitive) performance of the electrode was investigated with 0.3 M Fe3+ + PVA-1M H2SO4 gel electrolyte. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) (with varied wt. percentages) incorporated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) samples were characterized with field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy techniques. Effective surface area, pore volume and pore diameter of the hybrid were determined through Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) measurement technique. The energy storage performance was evaluated using 0.3 M Fe3+ + PVA-1M H2SO4 gel electrolyte, which resulted in an impressive specific capacitance of 1326.92 Fg−1 at 7.5 Ag−1. Symmetric supercapacitor assembled by rGO/MWCNT-5 electrode with 0.3 M Fe3+ + PVA-1M H2SO4 electrolyte, has an energy density of 36.56 Wh kg−1 with power density of 4874.66 W kg−1. These observations can pave a new ﻿way to fabricate nano-carbons based high capacity energy storage devices.
A novel asymmetric extension of power XLindley distribution: properties, inference and applications to engineering data
Authors: Alsadat Najwan , Hassan Amal S , Elgarhy Mohammed , Nagarjuna Vasili B V , Benchiha Sid Ahmed , Gemeay Ahmed M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
It is impossible to overstate the importance of using trigonometric functions appropriately in distribution theory. The main contribution of the research is to construct a flexible trigonometric extension of the power XLindley distribution. More specifically, we build an innovative two-parameter lifetime distribution known as the sine power XLindley distribution (SPXLD) using characteristics from the sine-generated family of distributions. As the main motivational fact, it provides an attractive alternative to the power Lindley, power XLindley, weighted Lindley, and extended power Lindley distributions; it may be better able to model lifetime phenomena presenting data of leptokurtic and platkurtic nature. In contrast to the increasing, decreasing, and reversed-j-shaped hazard rate function, the density exhibits asymmetric shapes with varying peakedness levels. Several significant characteristics are illustrated, including moments, the quantile function, the probability density function in series representation, the stress-strength reliability, and incomplete moments. To analyze the behavior of the suggested distribution, sixteen estimation techniques are applied, such as the maximum likelihood, percentiles, some methods of minimum distances, some methods based on minimum and maximum spacing distances, and the Kolmogorov method. After that, an extensive simulation study and the examination of two survival real datasets are used to show the viability, usefulness, and adaptability of the SPXLD. Relevant goodness of fit criteria demonstrates that the SPXLD fits several current distributions.