bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micropropagation of calla lily (Zantedeschia rehmannii)
Authors: Kulpa Danuta 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop methods for thein vitropropagation ofZantedeschia rehmannii.Zantedeschia rehmanniituber fragments (1 cm2) containing eyes were soaked for 30 s in a solution containing 100 mg dm−3L-ascorbic acid (AA) before transfer to culture vessels containing an MS medium supplemented with BAP (0 to 3 mg dm−3). Cultures were maintained in darkness. Soaking explants in an L-ascorbic acid solution improved the establishment of explants. Culture initiation should be conducted on media supplemented with 3 mg dm−3BAP. On a multiplication stage, adventitious shoots were placed on MS media supplemented with cytokinin: BAP (0.5 to 5 mg dm−3), KIN (0.5 to 5 mg dm−3), TDZ (0.1 to 1 mg dm−3) and 2iP (2.5 to 15 mg dm−3) or BAP (0.5 to 7.5 mg dm−3) with IAA (0.5 to 2 mg dm−3). The highest coefficient of multiplication forZantedeschiawas obtained on the medium with the addition of 2.5 mg dm−3BAP, which positively affected the shoot length (3.41 cm) and the number of adventitious shoots (4.13). Rooting took place on media supplemented with IBA, IAA and NAA at a concentration of 0.1 to 2 mg dm−3. The most numerous and the longest roots were found in plants placed on a medium with the addition of 0.1 mg dm−3IBA.
On non-oscillation for certain system of non-linear ordinary differential equations
Authors: Opluštil Zdeněk 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
We consider the following two-dimensional system of non-linear equations:

u
′

=

g
⁢

(
t
)

⁢

|
v
|

1
α

⁢

sgn
⁡
v

,

v
′

=

-

p
⁢

(
t
)

⁢

|
u
|

α

⁢

sgn
⁡
u

,

u^{\prime}=g(t)|v|^{\frac{1}{\alpha}}\operatorname{sgn}v,\quad v^{\prime}=-p(t%
)|u|^{\alpha}\operatorname{sgn}u,

where

α
>
0

{\alpha>0}

, and

g
:

[
0
,
+
∞

[
→

[
0
,
+
∞
[

{g\colon{[0,+\infty[}\rightarrow{[0,+\infty[}}

and

p
:

[
0
,
+
∞

[
→
ℝ

{p\colon{[0,+\infty[}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}}

are locally integrable functions.
Moreover, we assume that the coefficient g is non-integrable on

[
0
,

+
∞

]

{[0,+\infty]}

.
We establish new non-oscillation criteria for the considered system, which generalize known results for the corresponding linear system and for second order differential equations.
In particular, the presented criteria are in compliance with the results of Hille and Nehari.
Genuine link Baskakov–Durrmeyer operators
Authors: Gupta Vijay , Malik Neha 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In the present paper, we propose a sequence of generalized genuine Baskakov–Durrmeyer-type link operators. In terms of ordinary approximation, we estimate local and global direct results and also study the weighted approximation result. In terms of simultaneous approximation, we establish an asymptotic formula of Voronovskaja kind. In the last section, we prove convergence in

L
p

{L_{p}}

-norm.
Generalized Hausdorff capacities and their applications
Authors: He Xinlei , Yuan Wen 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Let

𝔓
⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

{\mathfrak{P}({\mathbb{R}^{n}})}

be the power set of

ℝ
n

{\mathbb{R}^{n}}

and let

φ
:

𝔓
⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

→

[
0
,
∞
]

{\varphi:\mathfrak{P}({\mathbb{R}^{n}})\rightarrow[0,\infty]}

be a set function. In this paper, the authors introduce a class of generalized Hausdorff capacities

H
φ

{H_{\varphi}}

with respect to φ. Some basic properties of

H
φ

{H_{\varphi}}

including the strong subadditivity are obtained. An equivalent variant of

H
φ

{H_{\varphi}}

defined via dyadic cubes is also introduced and proved to be Choquet capacity. The authors then prove the boundedness of some maximal operators, such as the Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator, on Lebesgue spaces with respect to

H
φ

{H_{\varphi}}

. As an application, the predual spaces of weighted Morrey spaces are described via these capacities.
Proteases and cytokines as mediators of interactions between cancer and stromal cells in tumours
Authors: Breznik Barbara , Motaln Helena , Lah Turnšek Tamara 
Published: December 2016

AbstractProteolytic enzymes are highly relevant in different processes of cancer progression. Their interplay with other signalling molecules such as cytokines represents important regulation of multicellular cross-talk. In this review, we discuss protease regulation mechanisms of cytokine signalling in various types of cancer. Additionally, we highlight the reverse whereby cytokines have an impact on protease expression in an autocrine and paracrine manner, representing complex feedback mechanisms among multiple members of these two protein families. The relevance of the protease-cytokine axis is illustrated in glioblastoma, where interactions between normal mesenchymal stem cells and cancer cells play an important role in this very malignant form of brain cancer.
Characteristics of autocorrelation structure of lower extremity functional laterality in disturbed and undisturbed bipedal upright stance
Authors: Stodółka Jacek , Stodółka Weronika , Gambal Jarosław , Raunig Tom 
Published: December 2016

PurposeIt is posited that functional laterality is influenced by the generation and conduction of neural signals and therefore associated with sensorimotor control. The question arises if symmetry or asymmetry in sensorimotor processing affects the development of symmetric or asymmetric motor programs in the lower extremities. The purpose of the study was to examine the mechanisms of the human mobility moto-control – the process of maintaining body balance in a standing position through an appropriate course of distribution of ground reaction forces in a time frame, in a situation requiring lower extremity Movement symmetry.MethodsThe autocorrelation function was calculated for ground reaction forces (in the three orthogonal axes) registered during 45 s of bipedal upright stance in two conditions (eyes open and closed).ResultsMinor albeit significant deficiencies in postural muscle control were revealed as a function of time, as evidenced in the decay of the autocorrelation function to zero (T<sub>0</sub>) between the right and left foot for the mediolateral ground reaction force signal. However, the results attest to symmetrical sensorimotor control between both feet.ConclusionsMotor actions (postural corrections) performed in long-duration tasks may have less of an effect on sensorimotor control than those applied in shorter duration projections. ANOVA and correlation analysis (across all variables) of the right and left foot T0 indicate considerable symmetry in the control of force magnitude and direction during upright standing.
Physical exercise practice and associated factors among undergraduate students from a southern region of Brazil
Authors: Teixeira Marcio , Coledam Diogo H.C. , Junior Raymundo P. , Greca João P.A. , Arruda Gustavo A. , Oliveira Arli R. De 
Published: December 2016

PurposeThe aim of the study was to analyse the prevalence and factors associated with not performing physical exercise in undergraduate students.MethodsThe sample was composed of 2738 undergraduate students of Londrina city, Paraná, Brazil. The dependent variables were: not performing physical exercise of moderate intensity for at least 30 minutes per week; not performing vigorous physical exercise for at least 20 minutes per week; not performing muscular strengthening exercises (8–12 repetitions) in a week. The independent variables were gender, age, skin colour, marital status, housing, study pattern, year of course, paid work, and area of the course. Odds ratio (<i>OR</i>) was estimated by multivariate analysis with the use of binary logistic regression.ResultsThe prevalence of undergraduate students not performing physical exercise of moderate intensity, of vigorous intensity, or muscular strengthening exercises was 47.3, 61.0, and 66.2%, respectively. Female sex was associated with a risk of not performing moderate physical exercise (<i>OR</i> = 1.23), vigorous physical exercise (<i>OR</i> = 1.47), and strengthening exercises (<i>OR</i> = 1.22). Undergraduate students of exact sciences (<i>OR</i> = 1.40 and 1.52), juridical sciences (<i>OR</i> = 1.48 and 1.51), and humanities (<i>OR</i> = 1.45 and 1.52) were at risk of not performing physical exercise of moderate or vigorous intensity, respectively. Being a 2nd (<i>OR</i> = 0.79), 3rd (<i>OR</i> = 0.74), or 4th (<i>OR</i> = 0.71) year student was bound with a lower likelihood of not performing physical exercise of moderate intensity.ConclusionsIntervention programmes with the aim of promoting physical exercise practice in undergraduate students should consider gender, year, and area of the course.
A Rating System For Gaelic Football Teams: Factors That Influence Success
Authors: Mangan S. , Collins K. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
AIM: The current investigation aimed to create an objective rating of Gaelic football teams and to examine factors relating to a team's rating. METHOD: A modified version of the Elo Ratings formula (Elo, 1978) was used to rate Gaelic football teams. A total of 1101 competitive senior Inter County matches from 2010-2015 were incorporated into calculations. Factors examined between teams included population, registered player numbers, previous success at adult and underage levels, financial income from the GAA, team expenses and number of clubs in a county. RESULTS: The Elo Ratings formula for Gaelic football was found to have a strong predictive ability, correctly predicting the result in 72.90% of 642 matches over a 6 year period. Strong positive correlations were observed between previous success at senior level, Under 21 level, Under 18 level and current Elo points. Moderate correlations exist between population figures and current Elo points. Moderate correlations are also evident between the number of registered players in a county and the county’s Elo rating points. CONCLUSION: Gaelic football teams can be objectively rated using a modified Elo Ratings formula. In order to develop a successful senior team, counties should focus on the development of underage players, particularly up to U18 and U21 level.
Predicting Win-Loss outcomes in MLB regular season games – A comparative study using data mining methods
Authors: Soto Valero C. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBaseball is a statistically filled sport, and predicting the winner of a particular Major League Baseball (MLB) game is an interesting and challenging task. Up to now, there is no definitive formula for determining what factors will conduct a team to victory, but through the analysis of many years of historical records many trends could emerge. Recent studies concentrated on using and generating new statistics called sabermetrics in order to rank teams and players according to their perceived strengths and consequently applying these rankings to forecast specific games. In this paper, we employ sabermetrics statistics with the purpose of assessing the predictive capabilities of four data mining methods (classification and regression based) for predicting outcomes (win or loss) in MLB regular season games. Our model approach uses only past data when making a prediction, corresponding to ten years of publicly available data. We create a dataset with accumulative sabermetrics statistics for each MLB team during this period for which data contamination is not possible. The inherent difficulties of attempting this specific sports prediction are confirmed using two geometry or topology based measures of data complexity. Results reveal that the classification predictive scheme forecasts game outcomes better than regression scheme, and of the four data mining methods used, SVMs produce the best predictive results with a mean of nearly 60% prediction accuracy for each team. The evaluation of our model is performed using stratified 10-fold cross-validation.
On the relation between the sociology of language and sociolinguistics: Fishman’s legacy in Brazil
Authors: Severo Cristine G. , Görski Edair 
Published: December 2016

AbstractTaking Fishman’s concepts of macro- and micro-sociolinguistics, this article explores the relation between the sociology of language and sociolinguistics in the Brazilian context. We analyze the relation between both fields in American and Brazilian academic contexts and problematize Brazilian sociolinguistics’ bias towards the use of quantitative approaches. Sociological interpretation to Brazilian sociolinguistic analysis on race, class and nation is given in light of Fishman’s concerns on the sociology of language. We argue that sociolinguistic data production in Brazil, aiming at quantifying linguistic variation by using simplified social categories, ends up producing robust knowledge that is used politically to legitimate, in a postcolonial context, Brazilian Portuguese as being different from European Portuguese.
Shh, hushed multilingualism! Accounting for the discreet genre of translanguaged siding in lecture halls at a South African university
Authors: Antia Bassey E. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractTranslanguaged siding is the term used here for the relatively under-researched phenomenon of student-to-student communication occurring in parallel to the teacher-talk, but using language and other semiotic resources that differ from the teacher’s in order to shape understanding of the teacher’s meanings or to make other meanings. This article draws on Fishman’s reflections on his now famous 1965 question “Who speaks What language to Whom and When?”, and on Bakhtin’s work on dialogicity to examine the dynamics of semiotic choice in translanguaged siding as well as its functions in the experience of multilingual students at a South African University. Data obtained from recorded interviews, a questionnaire survey and documentary evidence allow for establishing that (1) there are complex chains of correlation involving subsets of identified siding variables, and (2) translanguaged siding can be supportive of learning, contrary to associations of siding with Malinowskian small talk.
Anti-hyperglycemic activity of Aegle marmelos (L.) corr. is partly mediated by increased insulin secretion, α-amylase inhibition, and retardation of glucose absorption
Authors: Ansari Prawej , Afroz Nadia , Jalil Shahnaz , Azad Sohel Bin , Mustakim Md. Gazi , Anwar Sabbir , Haque S.M. Nazmul , Hossain Saad Mosharraf , Tony Ramisha Rifat , Hannan J.M.A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackground:(commonly known as Bael, golden apple) was formerly described to have anti-hyperglycemic activity. The present study aimed to explore the possible effects, in depth, ofMethods:This research begins with fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to evaluate the primary anti-hyperglycemic effect in chemically induced type 2 diabetic rats. Furthermore, the plasma insulin concentration and serum glucose level were studied, which include measuring the sucrose content in six different segments of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of the rats following oral sucrose feeding. An in situ, perfused, intestinal model in rats and glucose-fiber binding assay were conducted to find the effects ofResults:Treatment of extracts suppressed blood glucose elevation after oral sucrose (2.5 g/kg) administration and significantly (p<0.05) improved oral glucose tolerance in type 2 diabetic rats.Conclusions:The findings demonstrate that anti-hyperglycemic activity of
Optimization of the Conditions of Convective Drying of Thermosensitive Materials
Authors: Alyzhanov M.K. , Sikhimbayev M.R. , Kuzembayev S.B. , Sherov K.T. , Sikhimbayeva D.R. , Khanov T.A. , Kurmangaliyev T.B. , Elemes D.E. , Donenbayev B.S. , Musaev M.M. , Buzauova T.M. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The article proposes the solution of the problem with the application of thermal vibrations of heat-carrier flow in processes of convective drying, for the purpose of theoretical determination of optimum conditions of short-term excess of handling temperature, that do not influence the decrease of technological characteristics of the thermosensitive materials.
Effect of a Convective Boundary Condition on Boundary Layer Slip Flow and Heat Transfer Over a Stretching Sheet in View of the Exact Solution
Authors: Aljoufi Mona D. , Ebaid Abdelhalim 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The exact solutions of a nonlinear differential equations system, describing the boundary layer flow over a stretching sheet with a convective boundary condition and a slip effect have been obtained in this paper. This problem has been numerically solved by using the shooting method in literature. The aim of the current paper is to check the accuracy of these published numerical results. This goal has been achieved via first obtaining the exact solutions of the governing nonlinear differential equations and then, by comparing them with the approximate numerical results reported in literature. The effects of the physical parameters on the flow field and the temperature distribution have been re-investigated through the new exact solutions. The main advantage of the current paper is the simple computational approach that has been introduced to analyze exactly the present physical problem. This simple analytical approach can be further applied to investigate similar problems. Although no remarkable differences have been detected between the current figures and those obtained in literature, the authors believe that if some numerical calculations were available for the fluid velocity and the temperature in literature then the convergence criteria and the accuracy of the shooting method used in Ref. [15] can be validated in view of the current exact expressions.
Screening of the Cervidae family in Poland for Mycoplasma species
Authors: Dudek Katarzyna , Bednarek Dariusz , Szacawa Ewelina , Ayling Roger D. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Introduction: Several Mycoplasma species can cause severe diseases in ruminant hosts, some of which are the diseases listed by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). The role of the Cervidae family in carrying and transmitting ruminant mycoplasma infections in Poland is unknown. Material and Methods: Antibody and antigen detection tests for the main mycoplasma species that can affect wild ruminants were performed on 237 samples (serum, nasal swab, bronchoalveolar lavage, and lung) collected from 161 animals during 2011-2014. The samples were obtained from a cull of healthy population of deer which included: 96 red deer (Cervus elaphus elaphus), 19 fallow deer (Dama dama), and 46 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). Results: Serological screening tests revealed positive reactions to Mycoplasma bovis in one sample and to Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae in three samples; however, these three samples were negative by immunoblotting. Other antibody and antigen detection tests demonstrated negative results. Conclusion: Currently wild cervids in Poland do not play a significant role in transmitting mycoplasma infections to domestic animals, but they remain a potential risk.
Comparison of two multiplex PCR assays for the detection of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in biological samples
Authors: Budniak Sylwia , Kędrak-Jabłońska Agnieszka , Szczawińska Anna , Reksa Monika , Krupa Marek , Szulowski Krzysztof 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Introduction: The aim of the study was to optimise and compare two multiplex PCR assays for the detection of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in biological samples including the liver, brain, and blood. Material and Methods: Three strains of L. monocytogenes and single strains of each of the species: L. ivanovii, L. innocua, L. grayi, L. welshimeri, and L. seeligeri were used. Additionally, five other species of bacterium were used to evaluate the specificity of the tests. Results: Specific amplification products were obtained for both multiplex PCR assays, which confirmed the tested strains as Listeria spp. and L. monocytogenes, respectively. Isolates of other species did not yield PCR products. Conclusion: Both multiplex PCR assays proved to be significantly sensitive and highly-specific methods for the detection of Listeria strains.
Characteristics of selected bioaccumulative substances and their impact on fish health
Authors: Walczak Marek , Reichert Michał 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The aim of this article was to evaluate the influence and effects of chosen bioaccumulative substances i.e. heavy metals, pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on fish, as well as provide information on time trends and potential threat to human health. Chemical substances which pollute water may affect living organisms in two ways. First of all, large amounts of chemical substances may cause sudden death of a significant part of the population of farmed fish, without symptoms (i.e. during breakdown of factories or industrial sewage leaks). However, more frequently, chemical substances accumulate in tissues of living organisms affecting them chronically. Heavy metals, pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyls are persistent substances with a long-lasting biodegradation process. In a water environment they usually accumulate in sediments, which makes them resistant to biodegradation processes induced by, e.g., the UV light. These substances enter the fish through direct consumption of contaminated water or by contact with skin and gills. Symptoms of intoxication with heavy metals, pesticides, and PCBs may vary and depend on the concentration and bioavailability of these substances, physicochemical parameters of water, and the fish itself.
Application of native agarose gel electrophoresis of serum proteins in veterinary diagnostics
Authors: Jania Bartosz , Andraszek Katarzyna 
Published: December 2016

AbstractElectrophoretic techniques, used to separate mixtures of electrically charged particles, are widely used in science. One of these techniques, native protein electrophoresis in an agarose gel, is applied in human and veterinary medicine. Changes in the proportions of individual protein fractions correspond to significant changes in the physiology of the body. Although the pattern obtained by electrophoretic separation rarely indicates a specific disease, it provides valuable information for the differential diagnosis. Decades of research on the types of patterns obtained in the case of particular diseases have led to the accumulation of substantial knowledge. The paper presents the available information on this topic. Serum protein electrophoresis is recommended in cases of increased levels of total protein in order to reveal the nature of the process. The basic information which can be obtained from electrophoretic separation includes the immune status of the organism. Both increased antigenic stimulation and immunodeficiency are clearly visible in electropherograms. Moreover, the level of heterogeneity of the corresponding protein fractions can help to distinguish between infectious diseases and cancer - multiple myeloma - the latter producing a homogeneous immunoglobulin fraction. Analysis of other protein fractions helps to detect or confirm an ongoing inflammatory process and provides information regarding liver function. Even when the concentration of total protein is within the reference range, this analysis can be recommended as a basic laboratory test.
Kants Begriff einer intellektuellen Anschauung und die rationalistische Rechtfertigung philosophischen Wissens
Authors: Klingner Stefan 
Published: December 2016

Abstract:In his critical works, Kant specifies the concept of “intellectual intuition” in three different ways. First, he identifies intellectual intuition with God’s original intuition. Second, he describes intellectual intuition as non-sensible intuition that can apprehend noumenal objects. And third, he characterizes a kind of non-discursive but intellectual perception as intuitive understanding. The paper points out that this ambiguity is coherent by considering the polemical context in which Kant criticizes rationalistic metaphysics and epistemology, especially the views of Spinoza and Leibniz. In addition, it is shown that “moderate” rationalism in contemporary epistemology ignores Kant’s decisive criticism of the view that non-sensible intuition can justify philosophical knowledge.