bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergency boarding: An integrative framework for analyzing causes and seeking solutions
Authors: Limoges Vincent , Gemmel Paul , Landry Sylvain , Paepe Peter De 
Published: March 2017

Background: One of the root causes of crowding at the Emergency Department (ED) is boarding, i.e. the practice of holding admitted patients in the ED until an inpatient (IP) bed becomes available. Although ED boarding has been approached by various authors, few of them have aimed to see how different hospitals perform in regard to this issue.Objective: This study will approach ED boarding from different angles, analyzing both quantitative and qualitative data, and following both deductive and inductive reasoning. The purpose is to develop a validated integrative conceptual framework which can be used to analyze ED boarding, and to look for solutions.Methods: The development of the framework is based on an extensive literature review and a multiple case study research with both qualitative and quantitative data collection.Results: ED boarding was found to be prominent in the studied hospitals. Four root causes of ED boarding were elucidated, which are: (1) uncoordinated admissions and discharges, (2) late discharges, (3) the inability to discharge patients, and (4) a lack of communication, collaboration, and information between the different actors of the patient care process. Many solutions are proposed to improve these issues.Conclusions: Through the analysis of various types of data, an integrative conceptual framework for ED boarding was elaborated for analyzing causes and seeking solutions. The quantative data cannot only be used in the analysis stage, but can also help in designing a solution as there are clear recognizable trends in arrival, discharge and ED boarding time. “Communication, collaboration and information”, although not explicitly discussed in the literature, was found to be the most prominent cause and solution to ED boarding in the field study. Practice implications: Management practitioners now have a framework demonstrating probable causes for ED boarding, which provides a starting point for analysis within their establishments. Pathways to improvement are suggested as well, which will help managers to reduce ED boarding. Communication, collaboration and information are important in these improvement efforts.
Os processos mentais nas representações de homens e mulheres heterossexuais em anúncios pessoais eletrônicos
Authors: Costa Vitor Hugo Chaves 
Published: March 2017

O presente artigo investiga como homens e mulheres heterossexuais representam a si mesmos (as) e seus (suas) parceiros (as) projetados (as) em anúncios pessoais eletrônicos. Com base na Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional, foram explorados os processos mentais empregados nessas situações de interação. O corpusconsiste de 500 anúncios publicados no Viva Anúncios, um sitegratuito destinado a anúncios pessoais. A ferramenta Wordsmith foi aplicada para identificar os processos mentais mais frequentes e seus Fenômenos e orações projetadas. Os resultados revelam que o Fenômeno ou a oração projetada de um mesmo processo mental pode variar nos anúncios masculinos e femininos, evocando ideologias e representações sociais de sexualidade e gênero.
Engajamento e redução do espaço dialógico no gênero notícia de popularização científica
Authors: Scherer Anelise Scotti , Motta-Roth Désirée 
Published: March 2017

A popularização da ciência (PC) envolve um processo complexo de recontextualização, no qual o discurso científico, produzido por especialistas, é recontextualizado por jornalistas para uma audiência não especializada, em gêneros discursivos da mídia de massa. Pesquisas recentes têm apontado um efeito de monologismoem notícias de PC em português (MOTTA-ROTH; LOVATO, 2011 conforme MOIRAND, 2003) e inglês (MOTTA-ROTH; MARCUZZO, 2010), nas quais há um predomínio da voz da ciência e um apagamento de outras vozes possíveis como o governo ou o público, já identificados na mídia de PC francesa (BEACCO et al., 2002; MOIRAND, 2003). Com base em estudos prévios, o objetivo do presente artigo é apresentar uma análise engajamento discursivo e do jogo entre expansão e contração dialógica em 45 notícias de PC em inglês. Para tanto, consideramos os Sistemas de Transitividade e de Modalidade (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004) e o Sistema de Avaliatividade (MARTIN; WHITE, 2005) da Linguística SistêmicoFuncional para a análise. Nossos resultados indicam que, apesar da maior recorrência de expoentes linguísticos que sugerem expansão dialógica por meio de reconhecimento, não há indicação clara de debate entre pontos de vista diferentes em nosso corpus, a não ser aqueles associados a especialistas/pesquisadores. Nesse sentido, o jornalista/autor da notícia contrai o espaço dialógico do discurso ao enfatizar a voz da ciência e, ao mesmo tempo, restringir a participação de outros setores da sociedade no debate em potencial sobre a pesquisa popularizada (MARCUZZO, 2011), reforçando, assim, a hegemonia da voz da ciência na mídia de massa.
Blogs segundo a tipologia textual baseada em contexto: proposta para análise textual em estudos da tradução
Authors: Gysel Edelweiss Vitol , Vasconcellos Maria Lúcia B. de , Espindola Elaine 
Published: March 2017

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar resultados de uma pesquisa desenvolvida na interface entre Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional (LSF) e Estudos da Tradução com foco em Tipologia Textual baseada em contexto. A base teórica do trabalho está assentada na proposta de ‘Atividades Sociossemióticas’, representada graficamente na chamada Esfera de Atividades Sociossemióticas, de Matthiessen, Wu e Teruya (2007). Apresenta-se inicialmente uma coleta de dados (blogs) compilados em formato eletrônico e relativos às tipologias textuais nos contextos do português brasileiro (PB) e inglês americano (IA). A seguir, apresenta-se a classificação dos textos coletados nesses blogs com base nas ‘Atividades sociossemióticas’. Após a classificação sócio semiótica, uma análise de transitividade é realizada com vistas a explorar a relação entre a Tipologia Textual baseada em contexto e os padrões gramaticais do sistema de transitividade que realizam os diferentes tipos textuais. Por fim os resultados dessa análise são comparados para fins de identificar diferenças e semelhanças nas configurações texto-contextuais dos dois conjuntos de textos produzidos em ambos os idiomas. Os desdobramentos dessa comparação buscarão traçar um perfil ‘sociossemiótico’dos textos analisados, com vistas a fornecer um modelo de parâmetros textuais para formação de tradutores na dimensão bilíngue/ textual do desenvolvimento de suas competências.Palavras-chave: Estudos da tradução. Tipologia Textual basea
AVALIAÇÃO DA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE DE CRIANÇAS NA ÓTICA DOS PAIS E CUIDADORES
Authors: Aguiar Bianca Fontana , Hack Noeli Maria Rodrigues Alves Santos , Rozin Leandro 
Published: March 2017

Fragilidades na atenção à saúde da criança, como a falta de estrutura dos serviços e a prevalência de internações pediátricas, podem ser evitadas com serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) qualificados, eficientes e resolutivos. Objetivou-se aplicar o Instrumento de Avaliação da APS aos pais e responsáveis de crianças menores de dois anos e avaliar os atributos da APS. Estudo de campo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em duas unidades de saúde (US) do município de Curitiba/PR em 2015, por meio do Instrumento de Avaliação da Atenção Primária infantil, sendo realizadas 100 entrevistas. Para análise utilizou-se estatística descritiva. Em relação à afiliação, 100% dos usuários levam seu filho (a) no serviço de saúde; na utilização, 74% vão a US antes de outros serviços; na acessibilidade, 54% dos entrevistados levaram a criança à US e o serviço atendeu no dia; na Longitudinalidade, 48% sempre o mesmo médico e enfermeiro atendem a criança; na coordenação, 88% relataram que a sua criança não consultou especialistas; no sistema de informação, 54% afirmaram que o prontuário está disponível na US; nos serviços disponíveis, 90% das US têm vacinas disponíveis; quanto aos serviços prestados, 75% foram orientados em como manter sua criança saudável; na orientação familiar, 48% afirmaram que o médico se reuniria com outros membros da família da criança; já na orientação comunitária, 56% recebem visita domiciliar. A avaliação dos pais/cuidadores, quanto ao serviço da APS, contribui para subsidiar melhorias na atenção prestada à saúde da criança e qualificar a assistência dos profissionais nas unidades de saúde. Descritores: Atenção Primária à Saúde; Pediatria; Centros de Saúde.
O termo identidade cultural no mundo contemporâneo sustenta tantas identificações?
Authors: Pisa Lícia Frezza 
Published: March 2017

Resumo: O presente trabalho apresenta algumas mudanças sociais ocorridas para que o processo de constituição de identidades se tornasse mais flexível e menos rígido, demonstrando que as instituições que ancoravam as identidades mais fechadas não se sustentam mais. Com isso ocorre uma abertura para um processo de identificações. Eltérmino identidad cultural en el mundo contemp oráneo incluye muchas identificaciones?Resumen: Este artículo presenta algunos cambios sociales en el proceso de formación de identidad para ser más flexible y menos rígida, lo que demuestra que las instituciones ancladas más identidades cerradas no tienen más . Es una abertura para un proceso de identificadores.Palabras clave: identidade; la globalización; la identificación.The term cultural identity in the contemp orary world holds many identifications?Abstract: This paper presents some social changes to the identity formation process to become more flexible and less rigid, demonstrating that institutions anchored more closed identities do not hold more . It is an opening for identification process.Keywords: identity; globalization; identification.
Densidade de Fluxo de Fótons (DFF) em um sistema de Integração Lavoura-Pecuária-Floresta (ILPF)
Authors: Guimarães Luanna Elis , Silva-Neto Carlos De Melo , Calil Francine Neves 
Published: March 2017

Este estudo foi realizado em um sistema de produção integrado lavoura-pecuária-floresta no município de Cachoeira Dourada, Goiás, Brasil. A pesquisa colabora para um melhor entendimento da interação planta-ambiente, esta foi realizada com o objetivo de analisar a entrada de luz em dois períodos diferentes (estação seca e chuvosa). Para a coleta da Densidade de Fluxo de Fótons (DFF) (µmol.m-2.s-1) foi utilizado dois sensores de quanta LI-250 A, Li-cor Inc., USA, na faixa fotossinteticamente ativa. A coleta foi realizada de hora em hora, com início às 9h45min e término às 17h45min. Coletou-se o DFF controle - a pleno sol, e as demais coletas foram realizadas em quatro pontos: (1- no centro do renque de árvores, 2 - a 5m do renque, 3 - a 10m do renque e 4- a 15m do renque), sendo que em cada ponto se obteve mais 4 repetições. De acordo com os resultados obtidos se verificou que houve diferenças entre os pontos escolhidos, sendo o ponto 10 e 15 metros com maior recebimento de faixa de Radiação Fotossinteticamente Ativa (RFA). Portanto, o sistema Integrado Lavoura-Pecuária-Floresta (ILPF) não reduziu a Densidade de Fluxo de Fótons (DFF). A maior DFF foi verificada no período de seca, porém, a maior variação da DFF foi encontrada no período chuvoso. Quanto maior à distância em relação aos renques, com eucaliptos, maior à incidência de radiação solar.
STEREODIRECTED SYNTHESIS OF (Е)- AND (Z)-ISOMERS OF 8-CHLOROOCT-7-EN-4-ONE
Authors: Shakhmaev Rinat N. , Sunagatullina Alisa Sh. , Alieva Regina M. , Zorin Vladimir V. 
Published: March 2017

For citation:Shakhmaev R.N., Sunagatullina A.Sh., Alieva R.M., Zorin V.V. Stereodirected synthesis of (Е)- and (Z)-isomers of 8-chlorooct-7-en-4-one. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2017. V. 60. N 1. P. 40-44. Reaction of ethyl 3-oxohexanoate with equimolar amounts of (E)- or (Z)-1,3-dichloro-propene under phase transfer catalysis conditions in the presence of K2CO3 afforded the corresponding monosubstituted (E)- or (Z)-isomers of ethyl 2-(3- chloroprop-2-en-1-yl)-3-oxohexa-noate and considerable amount of disubstituted derivatives (30-40%). In order to increase yields of monosubstituted derivatives we carried out research to test the known methods of selective monoalkylation of β-dicarbonyl compounds with respect to test substrates. Alkylation of ethyl 3-oxohexanoate in the presence of tetrabutylammonium fluoride and cobalt salts have not led to a significant increase in reaction selectivity, but in the reaction in solid in the absence of solvent the formation of disubstituted products is not practically observed. In the reaction of ethyl 3-oxo-hexanoate with (E)- or (Z)-isomers of 1,3-dichloropropene on the surface of Al2O3 impregnated with t-BuOK monosubstituted products are formed with the yields of 81 and 79%, respectively. Solid phase alkylation proceeds with high stereoselectivity, isomeric purity of target products are greater than 99%. Standard methods of monoalkylated ketoesters decarboxylation under acidic or basic conditions lead to low yields of the corresponding chlorovinyl ketones, best results are obtained at decarboxylation of (E)- or (Z)-isomers of ethyl 2-(3-chloroprop-2-en-1-yl)-3-oxohexa-noate in slightly modified Krapcho conditions. Carrying out the reaction in N-metrhylpirroli-dinone at a temperature of 130-140 °C in the presence of 3 eq. LiCl leads to (E)- and (Z)-isomers of 8-chlorooctyl-7-ene-4-one with 81 and 77% yields, respectively, and an isomeric purity of ~ 99%.
Letter to the Editor
Authors: Dri Manfiolete Leandro , Muñoz Jorge Ándrés Jimenez , Da Silva Claudio Silvério , Higa Camilla Lie , Bersi Rodrigo Martins , Guimarães André Borges Fernandes , Puttini Rodolfo Franco 
Published: March 2017

This letter to the editor of the Journal Motricity seeks to promote the epistemological discussion of the science of motor and/or human movement from the philosophy of values focusing on the neutrality and interdisciplinary researcher in the sociocultural field of physical education knowledge area.
Characterizing amorphous silicates in extraterrestrial materials: Polymerization effects on Raman and mid‐IR spectral features of alkali and alkali earth silicate glasses
Authors: Fu Xiaohui , Wang Alian , Krawczynski Michael J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAmorphous silicates are common in extraterrestrial materials, especially in carbonaceous chondrites of petrologic types 1 and 2. In addition, high percentage of amorphous components and poorly crystalline phyllosilicates were found in the mudstones at Gale Crater by the CheMin instruments on board of Mar Curiosity rover, which illustrates the importance of characterizing amorphous silicates in future planetary surface explorations. The structure of an amorphous silicate can vary in two aspects: the degree of polymerization and the degree of crystallinity. Here we present the first phase study on characterizing synthetic alkali and alkali earth silicate glasses with different degrees of polymerization by using vibration spectroscopy. Compared with crystalline silicates, their Raman and mid‐IR spectra show broad spectral peaks but have the similar peak positions. We find that a change in the degree of polymerization of these silicate glasses affects their Raman band positions, especially the ratio of Raman band intensities, as well as the positions of the Christiansen feature and reststrahlen bands in their mid‐IR absorbance spectra. Based on these observations, we establish a calibration curve that could enable semiquantification of the polymerization degree of silicate glasses in planetary surface/subsurface materials during future robotic planetary surface exploration missions.
The Atlantic Ocean surface microlayer from 50°N to 50°S is ubiquitously enriched in surfactants at wind speeds up to 13 m s−1
Authors: Sabbaghzadeh B. , Upstill‐Goddard R. C. , Beale R. , Pereira R. , Nightingale P. D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe report the first measurements of surfactant activity (SA) in the sea surface microlayer (SML) and in subsurface waters (SSW) at the ocean basin scale, for two Atlantic Meridional Transect from cruises 50°N to 50°S during 2014 and 2015. Northern Hemisphere (NH) SA was significantly higher than Southern Hemisphere (SH) SA in the SML and in the SSW. SA enrichment factors (EF = SASML/SASSW) were also higher in the NH, for wind speeds up to ~13 m s−1, questioning a prior assertion that Atlantic Ocean wind speeds >12 m s−1 poleward of 30°N and 30°S would preclude high EFs and showing the SML to be self‐sustaining with respect to SA. Our results imply that surfactants exert a control on air‐sea CO2 exchange across the whole North Atlantic CO2 sink region and that the contribution made by high wind, high latitude oceans to air‐sea gas exchange globally should be reexamined.
Functions and Remodelling of Plant Peroxisomes
Authors: Paudyal Rupesh , Roychoudhry Suruchi , Lloyd James PB 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Peroxisomes are dynamic eukaryotic organelles that perform a wide range of important metabolic processes. In plants, the peroxisome is the sole organelle to carry out β‐oxidation of fatty acids, break down hydrogen peroxide, and performs several other functions required at different stages of plant development and under different conditions. The ability of this organelle to perform a range of functions depends on the time‐ and process‐dependent import of particular enzymes that enable biochemical reactions to take place inside peroxisomes. While it is important to recruit the right enzymes, it is also important to remove obsolete or damaged enzymes through the turnover of specific proteins. In some cases, degradation of the entire peroxisome is carried out by the process of autophagy, which helps to maintain quality control by removing damaged/dysfunctional/obsolete peroxisomes. Therefore, the diversification of plant peroxisomes for different cellular requirements is achieved through targeted turnover and import of specific enzymes. This article discusses the possible mechanisms and factors involved in functional remodelling of the plant peroxisome from the young seedling peroxisome to the leaf peroxisome. Functions of peroxisomes found in different developmental stages of the plant are also highlighted.

Key Concepts

Peroxisomes are single membrane‐bound eukaryotic organelles that perform a wide range of functions and display remarkable metabolic diversity.

Peroxisomes do not contain any genetic information and therefore all peroxisomal proteins are imported post‐translationally from the cytosol.

Peroxisomes are a major scavenger of hydrogen peroxide and plant peroxisomes are the sole site for β‐oxidation of fatty acids.

Protein content of peroxisomes varies in a developmental and functional manner.

In young seedlings post‐germination, peroxisomes house glyoxylate cycle enzymes that help to generate energy from oil reserves in the seed.

In etiolated mature seedlings, peroxisomes are ‘remodelled’ to perform photorespiration.

Peroxisome remodelling is achieved by removing glyoxylate cycle enzymes and importing photorespiration enzymes.

Glyoxylate cycle enzymes are removed by turnover either inside or outside peroxisomes by proteases and/or by the turnover of obsolete peroxisomes through autophagy process.
Stomata
Authors: Lau On Sun 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Stomata are cellular pores on the aerial surface of plants. They open to allow the uptake of carbon dioxide and close to limit water loss, and thus are essential for plant growth and homeostasis. Stomata, which are common to almost all land plants, represent a critical evolutionary innovation of early land plants. A stoma is formed by a pair of guard cells, which are the final products of a specialised cell lineage. Mature guard cells mediate stomatal opening and closing by regulating the fluxes of ions, and hence water, in and out of the cells. To maximise fitness in the ever‐changing environments, both the development and movement of the stomatal guard cells are highly responsive to diverse environmental signals. These stomatal responses will likely play a key role in plant adaptation and agricultural production in the face of global climate change.

Key Concepts

Stomata are small adjustable pores on the leave surface that enable gas exchange.

Open stomata allow the uptake of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, while closed stomata prevent excessive loss of water.

During evolution, stomata enabled plants to survive the drier environments on land.

The development of stomata involves several cell fate transition steps and is driven by cell‐type‐specific master transcription factors.

Stomatal movements are controlled by a pair of guard cells, which change their cell volume through ion‐driven uptake and release of water.

Environmental signals regulate both the development and movement of guard cells, allowing plants to best adapt to their surroundings.

Stomata are likely to be important in the adaption of plants to global warming.
Plant Hormones
Authors: Cutler Sean R , Nelson David C 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Plant hormones coordinate physiology and development between organ systems, which can often be separated by large distances. In this article, we focus on the set of nine small molecule plant hormone families that are present throughout land plants: auxins, gibberellins, jasmonates, salicylates, brassinolides, strigolactones, cytokinins, abscisic acid, and ethylene. We cover the basic aspects of their physiological roles, biosynthesis, signal transduction and agricultural relevance. We note commonalities in the molecular mechanisms of plant hormone perception and signal transduction; for example, hormone‐stabilised protein–protein interactions, that are often linked directly to ubiquitylation of downstream effector proteins are prevalent. Plant hormone signalling pathways preferentially exploit soluble receptors over transmembrane receptors; brassinosteroids are the only hormone family known to act through a classical plasma membrane‐anchored receptor kinase, a modality common in animal signal transduction pathways. Plant hormones provide a complementary set of molecular solutions to the biological problem of communicating information over long distances in multicellular organisms.

Key Concepts

Plant hormones are small organic molecules that can act at a distance from their site of synthesis with high potency.

At least nine hormones are present throughout most land plants and function in long‐distance communication.

Most plant hormones are perceived by soluble receptors.

Synthetic plant hormone mimics and inhibitors have been developed for agriculture.