bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rheological Properties of Commercially Available Hyaluronic Acid Products in the United States for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis Knee Pain
Authors: Nicholls Mathew , Manjoo Ajay , Shaw Peter , Niazi Faizan , Rosen Jeffrey 
Published: January 2018

Objective: The inconsistent results within the current literature regarding the efficacy of intra-articular-hyaluronic acid (IA-HA) for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA) have been suggested to be due to intrinsic differences between individual HA products. The purpose of this investigation is to define the rheological differences between currently available HA products in the United States at the time of this study for the treatment of knee OA, which will help elaborate on the appropriateness of classifying HA products as a class opposed to as individual agents. Methods: The rheological parameters for Euflexxa, Orthovisc, Supartz, Monovisc, Synvisc, Synvisc-One, Gel-One, and Hyalgan were obtained with a TA AR 2000 EX Rheometer with a cone-plate geometry (40-mm plate diameter and a 2° cone angle) at room temperature. Results: The bulk rheological parameters of the different products suggest molecular structures traversing the range of dilute solution (Hyalgan, Supartz), semidilute solution (Euflexxa, Orthovisc), entangled solutions (Monovisc, Synvisc, Synvisc-One), and even gel-like (Gel-One) behavior. Conclusions: Due to the differences in rheological properties between IA-HA products, the universal assessment of these products as a class may not be appropriate. Instead, it may be more appropriate to assess each product individually. Future research should aim to link these differences in rheological properties to the differences in clinical efficacy seen across these IA-HA products.
Clinical Outcome of Noncardiac Surgery in Patients With History of Coronary Artery Revascularization by Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Park Jungchan , Lee Seung Hwa , Kim Jeayoun , Park Myungsoo , Gwon Hyeon-Cheol , Tak Lee Young , Maria Lee Sangmin 
Published: January 2018

Objective: Although safety concerns still remain among patients undergoing unanticipated noncardiac surgery after prior percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), it has not been directly compared with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The objective of this study was to compare clinical outcomes after noncardiac surgery in patients with prior (>6 months) coronary revascularization by PCI or CABG. Methods: From February 2010 to December 2015, 413 patients with a history of coronary revascularization, scheduled for noncardiac surgery were identified. Patients were divided into PCI group and CABG group and postoperative clinical outcome was compared between 2 groups. The primary outcome was composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in 1-year follow-up. Results: The 413 patients were divided according to prior coronary revascularization types: 236 (57.1%) into PCI and 177 (42.9%) into CABG group. In multivariate analysis within 1-year follow-up, there was no significant difference in clinical outcome which was composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and stroke (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.50; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76-2.93; P = .24). The same result was present in propensity-matched population analysis (HR: 1.43; 95% CI: 0.68-3.0; P = .34). Conclusions: In patients undergoing noncardiac surgery with prior coronary revascularization by PCI or CABG performed on an average of 42 months after PCI and 50 months after CABG, postoperative clinical outcome at 1-year follow-up is comparable.
Numbers/Data: A Roundtable
Authors: Connor Steven , Corby Tom , Nafus Dawn , Hawes Hannah Redler , Smith Marquard , Teasley Sarah 
Published: January 2018

This Roundtable on Numbers/Data began life as a live, public event on the power and influence of numbers in contemporary visual, material, immaterial, and media cultures.1 To imagine such an ambitious event, and to do it justice, the event’s programme brought together academics, industry professionals, and practitioners. Taking Steven Connor’s recently published book Living by Numbers: In Defence of Quantity (2016) as a springboard, each contributor to the event was invited to deliver a 10-minute presentation, an opening statement to set the scene, and to raise fundamental questions to be considered in the ensuing discussion. The authors retain this structure here, along with some of the informality that live conversation affords. By way of these four presentations and the conversation between the event’s speakers and audience, the Roundtable raises a series of pressing concerns around data and big data, life tracking, digital health studies, and the quantifiable self; the quantitative and the qualitative; data forms and flows; climate change data and social media; the bleed between private and public computational infrastructures; labour, productivity, and accountability; time, money, and economies; and the contemporary intensification of surveillance, audit culture, marketization, and outcomes-based performance management. Notwithstanding data dystopia’s numerical sublime, the contributors are always looking to keep an eye out for reasons to be optimistic in their discussions around: numbers in education and numeric literacies; the materiality of numbers and numbers as artifacts; data’s flexibility and manipulability; sensors, sensor data, and everyday life; the rise of amateurism and citizen scientists; data and numbers vis-à-vis experiences, embodiment, emotions, intensities, and their affective powers; and the contributors’ absolute delight (or abject horror) at the very arbitrary nature of numbers, all of which offer hope towards more democratic, creative, imaginative, and personalized futures … Interested in the Quantified Self community? Ever wondered what role numbers played in the UK’s Referendum to leave the EU? Intrigued by the idea of an exhibition about odd and even? Curious about what folk data might be? Read on!
Physical Therapy Protocols for Arthroscopic Bankart Repair
Authors: DeFroda Steven F. , Mehta Nabil , Owens Brett D. 
Published: January 2018

Background: Outcomes after arthroscopic Bankart repair can be highly dependent on compliance and participation in physical therapy. Additionally, there are many variations in physician-recommended physical therapy protocols. Hypothesis: The rehabilitation protocols of academic orthopaedic surgery departments vary widely despite the presence of consensus protocols. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Web-based arthroscopic Bankart rehabilitation protocols available online from Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)–accredited orthopaedic surgery programs were included for review. Individual protocols were reviewed to evaluate for the presence or absence of recommended therapies, goals for completion of ranges of motion, functional milestones, exercise start times, and recommended time to return to sport. Results: Thirty protocols from 27 (16.4%) total institutions were identified out of 164 eligible for review. Overall, 9 (30%) protocols recommended an initial period of strict immobilization. Variability existed between the recommended time periods for sling immobilization (mean, 4.8 ± 1.8 weeks). The types of exercises and their start dates were also inconsistent. Goals to full passive range of motion (mean, 9.2 ± 2.8 weeks) and full active range of motion (mean, 12.2 ± 2.8 weeks) were consistent with other published protocols; however, wide ranges existed within the reviewed protocols as a whole. Only 10 protocols (33.3%) included a timeline for return to sport, and only 3 (10%) gave an estimate for return to game competition. Variation also existed when compared with the American Society of Shoulder and Elbow Therapists’ (ASSET) consensus protocol. Conclusion: Rehabilitation protocols after arthroscopic Bankart repair were found to be highly variable. They also varied with regard to published consensus protocols. This discrepancy may lead to confusion among therapists and patients. Clinical Relevance: This study highlights the importance of attending surgeons being very clear and specific with regard to their physical therapy instructions to patients and therapists.
Clinical and histological findings in bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis: The implication of time of symptoms
Authors: Porru Daniele , Bobbi Valentina , Di Franco Carmelo , Viglio Alessandra , Novario Mattia , Tinelli Carmine , Gardella Barbara , Nappi Rossella , Spinillo Arsenio , Paulli Marco , Rovereto Bruno 
Published: January 2018

Objective: To find out whether a correlation exists between denudation of urothelium and time of symptom onset in patients with bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC), and to search for a correlation between the impact of symptoms. Patients and methods: Fifty-seven consecutive patients underwent cystoscopy under anaesthesia to classify those cases suspected of being affected with BPS/IC. The time elapsed between onset of symptoms and diagnosis at the time of bladder biopsy was also defined as BPS/IC duration. Bladder biopsies were taken including detrusor muscle, three deep cold biopsies of posterior, anterior and lateral bladder wall. Results: Statistical analysis showed significant correlation between BPS/IC duration and the presence of Hunner’s lesions ( P<0.023). Hunner’s lesion with cystoscopy and histological evidence of urothelial denudation with bladder biopsy appear to be related to BPS/IC duration. Thus an early diagnosis allows an appropriate therapeutic approach to be started to prevent a more severe evolution of this multifaceted painful syndrome. Conclusions: Our study shows a correlation between the time of symptom onset and evidence of urothelial denudation and with detrusor mast cell count in the whole group of patients. BPS/IC duration did not seem to correlate with the severity of symptoms, but rather with the presence of associated diseases. Level of evidence: Not applicable for this multicentre audit.
A prospective study of the utility of a routine ‘loopogram’ at three months for the early detection of anastomotic stricture post-cystectomy and conduit urinary diversion
Authors: Omar Kawa , Gan Christine , Rottenberg Giles , O’Brien Timothy S , Thomas Kay , Thurairaja Ramesh , Khan Muhammad Shamim 
Published: January 2018

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the utility of routine loopogram follow-up three months after cystectomy and urinary diversion in the early detection of benign ureteroileal anastomotic stricture (UAS). Materials and methods: A loopogram was incorporated into our standard follow-up three months after cystectomy and conduit urinary diversion in August 2010–December 2015. Data were maintained prospectively in a database. Results: A total of 250 patients (181 male; 69 female); median age of 70 years (range: 38–83) underwent cystectomy and conduit urinary diversion during this period. Of these, 167 (66.8%) had a routine loopogram at three months. Seven of 167 were confirmed to have a benign UAS. Twenty-three of 250 (9.2%) had an early loopogram prior to the planned three-month study in response to symptoms. Nine of 23 were diagnosed with benign UAS. Sixty of 250 (24%) did not have a routine loopogram for a variety of reasons. Five patients with normal three-month loopograms developed late strictures after a median time of 22 months (range 5–38). In total 21/250 (8.4%) patients developed UAS. Stricture rates for the open, robotic and laparoscopic modalities were 8/129 (6.2%), 12/111 (10.8%) and 1/10 (10%) respectively. Five of seven of patients with early, asymptomatic UAS diagnosed on routine loopogram received treatment; four of five had improvement in renal function. Conclusion: Overall stricture rate in this series was 8.4%. The majority of UAS occur early and are more likely to be symptomatic. A policy of routine loopogram benefitted only 4/250 (1.6%) patients. We advocate the use of loopograms in cases with a high index of suspicion rather than for routine screening. Level of evidence: Not applicable for this multicentre audit.
Barriers to Peritoneal Dialysis in Aboriginal Patients
Authors: Mathew Anna T. , Park Joonho , Sachdeva Mala , Sood Manish M. , Yeates Karen 
Published: January 2018

Background: Aboriginal people in Canada have an unduly high burden of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and many live in rural settings. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a home-based dialysis modality that may provide a valuable alternative to in-center hemodialysis which is relatively underutilized by the Aboriginal population. Objective: We aim to assess the barriers to PD utilization in Aboriginal patients with ESKD. Design: This article is a prospective observational cohort study. Setting: The setting involves 3 predialysis clinics in Winnipeg, Kingston, and Moose Factory. Patients: The patients were 99 individuals (67 non-Aboriginal and 32 Aboriginal) who were at least 18 years of age with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of less than 30 mL/min/1.73m2, and were enrolled in one of the 3 study sites from April 2011 to October 2013. Measurements: Patient demographics and comorbidities were documented. Barriers to PD, PD as modality choice, and Aboriginal status were assessed via patient survey upon study enrollment. PD use as the initial dialysis modality was assessed via monthly patient follow-up for 1 year after enrollment in the study. Methods: The patient survey was created based on literature review of known barriers to PD, repaired based on direct patient feedback, and tested for reliability via the test-retest method. Differences in PD choice, barriers to PD, and PD use between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal patients were determined by chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: All patients enrolled in the study completed the survey. Mean age was 65.5 versus 54.6 years for non-Aboriginals and Aboriginals, respectively. Barriers to PD significantly associated with Aboriginal status were lack of money (odds ratio [OR]: 21.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.3-86.4; P < .0001) and anxiety (OR: 2.8; 95% CI: 1.1-7.1; P = .03). There was no difference in PD choice between non-Aboriginals and Aboriginals (66.7% vs 68.8%, respectively; P = .83). One of 67 non-Aboriginals (1.5%) and 5 of 32 Aboriginals (15.6%) died prior to initiating dialysis ( P = .013). No significant difference was observed between non-Aboriginals (33%) and Aboriginals (28%) in use of PD ( P = .81). Limitations: Small sample size was a limitation of this study. Conclusions: Aboriginal people in Canada have a disproportionately large burden of ESKD, and PD could provide an alternative to in-center hemodialysis for those living in rural areas. Our study identified anxiety and lack of money as barriers to PD significantly associated with Aboriginal status. When choosing dialysis modality, shared decision making between physicians and patient is of key importance to weigh all potential benefits and risks and emphasize the Aboriginal patient’s values and preferences. These results can be used to guide future research and to help devise interventions targeting barriers to PD in Aboriginals.
Preoperative Ultrasonography Is Unreliable in Predicting Hamstring Tendon Graft Diameter for ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Momaya Amit M. , Beicker Clint , Siffri Paul , Kissenberth Michael J. , Backes Jeffrey , Bailey Lane , Rulewicz Gabriel J. , Mercuri Jennifer M. , Shealy E. Carlisle , Tokish John M. , Thigpen Charles A. 
Published: January 2018

Background: Hamstring autograft size <8 mm has been shown to be a predictor for failure after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The ability to predict graft size preoperatively is helpful in counseling patients about the possible need for graft augmentation. Purpose: To determine whether preoperative ultrasound (US) measurements of hamstring tendons can predict intraoperative graft diameter during ACL reconstruction. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Twenty patients undergoing unilateral isolated ACL reconstruction were prospectively enrolled in the study (10 males, 10 females; mean ± SD age, 22.8 ± 6.6 years; height, 175.1 ± 7.1 cm; weight, 81.4 ± 14.2 kg; body mass index, 26.5 ± 4.1 kg/m2). Hamstrings were assessed by US, and double-looped semitendinosus-gracilis hamstring size was independently calculated with a freehand selection method on a nonmagnified US image by 2 orthopaedic surgeons. Intraoperative autograft size was determined with a standard graft-sizing tool. Intra- and interrater reliability was measured with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and standard error of the measure (SEM). A receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated to assess the ability of the US measurement to predict intraoperative measurements. Results: The mean autograft diameter by US was 8.9 ± 0.98 mm, while the mean intraoperative hamstring graft size was 8.1 ± 0.89 mm. There was excellent intrarater (ICC2,1 = 0.95, SEM = 0.32 mm) and interrater (ICC2,1 = 0.88, SEM = 0.55 mm) reliability for US measurements. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that US did not consistently quantify graft size. Graft size did not significantly correlate with height, weight, or body mass index in our sample ( P > .05). Conclusion: These results suggest that preoperative US imaging of the hamstring tendons is unreliable in predicting intraoperative graft diameter.
Free Sugars Consumption around Bedtime and Dental Caries in Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Baghlaf K. , Muirhead V. , Moynihan P. , Weston-Price S. , Pine C. 
Published: January 2018

This systematic review aimed to assess the association between food and drink consumption around bedtime—specifically, food and drinks containing free sugars—and the risk of dental caries in children. Five electronic databases were searched (PubMed, Ovid Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus) to identify studies that investigated any relationship between food and drink around bedtime and dental caries in 3- to 16-y-old children. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality domain guidelines were used to assess the quality of the individual studies, while GRADE guidelines assessed the quality of studies based on the body of evidence. From 1,270 retrieved titles, 777 remained after removal of duplicates. Of these, 72 were reviewed in full. Eighteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis: 13 cross-sectional, 4 cohort, and 1 case-control. Studies were categorized into 3 age groups: 3- to 5-y-old, 6- to 11-y-old, and 12- to 16-y-old children. Based on the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality criteria, 6 of the 18 studies were rated as providing good-quality evidence; 8 were rated as fair; and 4 were categorized as being of poor quality. It was not possible to conduct a meta-analysis, because of the considerable variations in the type of bedtime exposure and outcome measures. The studies showed a consistent positive association across the 3 age groups, with all 7 studies on preschool children reporting significant positive associations. However, the quality of the body of evidence pertaining to the consumption of food and drinks at bedtime (specifically, food and drinks containing free sugars) and risk of caries was rated as “very low.” The results suggest that restricting free sugars before and at bedtime may reduce the risk of caries, but studies with improved design are needed to confirm this. Knowledge Transfer Statement: This is the first systematic review of the evidence assessing the association between caries risk in children and the consumption of food or drinks at bedtime—specifically, foods and drinks containing free sugars. Although the data showed a consistent positive association, the quality of evidence was very low. This means that the current recommendation to restrict food and drinks containing free sugars before bedtime in children, while based on a sound physiologic premise, is supported only by very low-quality published evidence as measured by GRADE guidelines.
Maintenance of murine platelet homeostasis by the kinase Csk and phosphatase CD148
Authors: Mori Jun , Nagy Zoltan , Di Nunzio Giada , Smith Christopher W. , Geer Mitchell J. , Al Ghaithi Rashid , van Geffen Johanna P. , Heising Silke , Boothman Luke , Tullemans Bibian M. E. , Correia Joao N. , Tee Louise , Kuijpers Marijke J. E. , Harrison Paul , Heemskerk Johan W. M. , Jarvis Gavin E. , Tarakhovsky Alexander , Weiss Arthur , Mazharian Alexandra , Senis Yotis A. 
Published: January 2018

Key PointsCsk and CD148 are nonredundant regulators of SFKs in platelets, and deletion of either induces cell-intrinsic negative feedback mechanisms. Csk is a negative regulator of SFK activity, whereas CD148 is a dual positive and negative regulator of SFK activity in platelets.
SGLT-2-inhibition with dapagliflozin reduces tissue sodium content: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Karg M. V. , Bosch A. , Kannenkeril D. , Striepe K. , Ott C. , Schneider M. P. , Boemke-Zelch F. , Linz P. , Nagel A. M. , Titze J. , Uder M. , Schmieder R. E. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackground and aimsSodium tissue content by23Na magnetic resonance imaging (Na-MRI) has been validated in experimental and human studies. SGLT-2 inhibition blocks the reabsorption of glucose and of sodium in the proximal tubular cells in a 1:1 fashion. We hypothesized that SGLT-2 inhibition in patients with type 2 diabetes characterized by sodium retention leads to decreased tissue sodium content due to its pharmacological action.Materials and methodsIn a prospective double blind, placebo controlled, cross-over trial 59 patients (61 ± 7.6 years) with type 2 diabetes were randomized to either dapagliflozin 10 mg or placebo once daily for 6 weeks each. In addition to metabolic parameters and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) we analysed the sodium content in the skin and muscles of the lower leg by Na-MRI.ResultsCompared to baseline 6 weeks treatment with the SGLT-2 inhibitor dapagliflozin decreased fasting (132 ± 28 vs. 114 ± 19 mg/dl, p < 0.001), postprandial blood glucose (178 ± 66 mg/dl vs. 153 ± 46 mg/dl, p < 0.001), body weight (87.6 vs. 86.6 kg, p < 0.001) and systolic (129 ± 12 vs. 126 ± 11 mmHg, p = 0.010), and diastolic (77.4 ± 9 vs. 75.6 ± 8 mmHg, p = 0.024), 24-h ambulatory BP. Tissue sodium content in the skin was reduced after 6 weeks treatment with dapagliflozin compared to baseline [24.1 ± 6.6 vs. 22.7 ± 6.4 A.U.(arbitrary unit) p = 0.013]. No significant reduction of tissue sodium content was observed in the muscle (M. triceps surae: 20.5 ± 3.5 vs. 20.4 ± 3.7 A.U. p = 0.801). No clear significant difference in tissue water content of muscle and skin was observed after 6 weeks of treatment with dapagliflozin, compared to baseline.ConclusionSGLT-2 inhibition with dapagliflozin resulted in a significant decrease in tissue sodium content of the skin after 6 weeks. This observation point to a decrease of total sodium content in patients with type 2 diabetes prone to cardiovascular complications, that might be mitigated by SGLT-2 inhibition.Trial registrationThe study was registered athttp://www.clinicaltrials.gov(NCT02383238) retrospectively registered