bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multistable internal resonance in electroelastic crystals with nonlinearly coupled modes
Authors: Kirkendall Christopher R. , Kwon Jae W. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractNonlinear modal interactions have recently become the focus of intense research in micro- and nanoscale resonators for their use to improve oscillator performance and probe the frontiers of fundamental physics. However, our understanding of modal coupling is largely restricted to clamped-clamped beams and lacking in systems with both geometric and material nonlinearities. Here we report multistable energy transfer between internally resonant modes of an electroelastic crystal plate and use a mixed analytical-numerical approach to provide new insight into these complex interactions. Our results reveal a rich bifurcation structure marked by nested regions of multistability. Even the simple case of two coupled modes generates a host of topologically distinct dynamics over the parameter space, ranging from the usual Duffing bistability to complex multistable behaviour and quasiperiodic motion.
Continuous variable quantum optical simulation for time evolution of quantum harmonic oscillators
Authors: Deng Xiaowei , Hao Shuhong , Guo Hong , Xie Changde , Su Xiaolong 
Published: March 2016

AbstractQuantum simulation enables one to mimic the evolution of other quantum systems using a controllable quantum system. Quantum harmonic oscillator (QHO) is one of the most important model systems in quantum physics. To observe the transient dynamics of a QHO with high oscillation frequency directly is difficult. We experimentally simulate the transient behaviors of QHO in an open system during time evolution with an optical mode and a logical operation system of continuous variable quantum computation. The time evolution of an atomic ensemble in the collective spontaneous emission is analytically simulated by mapping the atomic ensemble onto a QHO. The measured fidelity, which is used for quantifying the quality of the simulation, is higher than its classical limit. The presented simulation scheme provides a new tool for studying the dynamic behaviors of QHO.
Local control on precipitation in a fully coupled climate-hydrology model
Authors: Larsen Morten A. D. , Christensen Jens H. , Drews Martin , Butts Michael B. , Refsgaard Jens C. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe ability to simulate regional precipitation realistically by climate models is essential to understand and adapt to climate change. Due to the complexity of associated processes, particularly at unresolved temporal and spatial scales this continues to be a major challenge. As a result, climate simulations of precipitation often exhibit substantial biases that affect the reliability of future projections. Here we demonstrate how a regional climate model (RCM) coupled to a distributed hydrological catchment model that fully integrates water and energy fluxes between the subsurface, land surface, plant cover and the atmosphere, enables a realistic representation of local precipitation. Substantial improvements in simulated precipitation dynamics on seasonal and longer time scales is seen for a simulation period of six years and can be attributed to a more complete treatment of hydrological sub-surface processes including groundwater and moisture feedback. A high degree of local influence on the atmosphere suggests that coupled climate-hydrology models have a potential for improving climate projections and the results further indicate a diminished need for bias correction in climate-hydrology impact studies.
Integrated mRNA and miRNA expression profiling in blood reveals candidate biomarkers associated with endurance exercise in the horse
Authors: Mach Núria , Plancade Sandra , Pacholewska Alicja , Lecardonnel Jérôme , Rivière Julie , Moroldo Marco , Vaiman Anne , Morgenthaler Caroline , Beinat Marine , Nevot Alizée , Robert Céline , Barrey Eric 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe adaptive response to extreme endurance exercise might involve transcriptional and translational regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs). Therefore, the objective of the present study was to perform an integrated analysis of the blood transcriptome and miRNome (using microarrays) in the horse before and after a 160 km endurance competition. A total of 2,453 differentially expressed genes and 167 differentially expressed microRNAs were identified when comparing pre- and post-ride samples. We used a hypergeometric test and its generalization to gain a better understanding of the biological functions regulated by the differentially expressed microRNA. In particular, 44 differentially expressed microRNAs putatively regulated a total of 351 depleted differentially expressed genes involved variously in glucose metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, mitochondrion biogenesis, and immune response pathways. In an independent validation set of animals, graphical Gaussian models confirmed that miR-21-5p, miR-181b-5p and miR-505-5p are candidate regulatory molecules for the adaptation to endurance exercise in the horse. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to provide a comprehensive, integrated overview of the microRNA-mRNA co-regulation networks that may have a key role in controlling post-transcriptomic regulation during endurance exercise.
Atomic structures of a liquid-phase bonded metal/nitride heterointerface
Authors: Kumamoto Akihito , Shibata Naoya , Nayuki Kei-ichiro , Tohei Tetsuya , Terasaki Nobuyuki , Nagatomo Yoshiyuki , Nagase Toshiyuki , Akiyama Kazuhiro , Kuromitsu Yoshirou , Ikuhara Yuichi 
Published: March 2016

AbstractLiquid-phase bonding is a technologically important method to fabricate high-performance metal/ceramic heterostructures used for power electronic devices. However, the atomic-scale mechanisms of how these two dissimilar crystals specifically bond at the interfaces are still not well understood. Here we analyse the atomically-resolved structure of a liquid-phase bonded heterointerface between Al alloy and AlN single crystal using aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). In addition, energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis, using dual silicon drift X-ray detectors in STEM, was performed to analyze the local chemistry of the interface. We find that a monolayer of MgO is spontaneously formed on the AlN substrate surface and that a polarity-inverted monolayer of AlN is grown on top of it. Thus, the Al alloy is bonded with the polarity-inverted AlN monolayer, creating a complex atomic-scale layered structure, facilitating the bonding between the two dissimilar crystals during liquid-phase bonding processes. Density-functional-theory calculations confirm that the bonding stability is strongly dependent on the polarity and stacking of AlN and MgO monolayers. Understanding the spontaneous formation of layered transition structures at the heterointerface will be key in fabricating very stable Al alloy/AlN heterointerface required for high reliability power electronic devices.
Colour-Difference Measurement Method for Evaluation of Quality of Electrolessly Deposited Copper on Polymer after Laser-Induced Selective Activation
Authors: Gedvilas Mindaugas , Ratautas Karolis , Kacar Elif , Stankevičienė Ina , Jagminienė Aldona , Norkus Eugenijus , Li Pira Nello , Račiukaitis Gediminas 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn this work a novel colour-difference measurement method for the quality evaluation of copper deposited on a polymer is proposed. Laser-induced selective activation (LISA) was performed onto the surface of the polycarbonate/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (PC/ABS) polymer by using nanosecond laser irradiation. The laser activated PC/ABS polymer was copper plated by using the electroless copper plating (ECP) procedure. The sheet resistance measured by using a four-point probe technique was found to decrease by the power law with the colour-difference of the sample images after LISA and ECP procedures. The percolation theory of the electrical conductivity of the insulator conductor mixture has been adopted in order to explain the experimental results. The new proposed method was used to determine an optimal set of the laser processing parameters for best plating conditions.
Synthesis and Larvicidal Activity of Novel Thenoylhydrazide Derivatives
Authors: Song Gao-Peng , Hu De-Kun , Tian Hao , Li Ya-Sheng , Cao Yun-Shen , Jin Hong-Wei , Cui Zi-Ning 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA pair of chemical isomeric structures of novel N-tert-butylphenyl thenoylhydrazide compounds I and II were designed and synthesized. Their structures were characterized by MS, IR, 1H NMR, elemental analysis and X-ray single crystal diffraction. The regioselectivity of the Meerwein arylation reaction and the electrophilic substitution reaction of N-tert-butyl hydrazine were studied by density functional theory (DFT) quantum chemical method. The larvicidal tests revealed that some compounds I had excellent larvicidal activity against Culex pipiens pallens. As the candidates of insect growth regulators (IGRs), the larval growth inhibition and regulation against Culex pipiens pallens were examined for some compounds, especially I1 and I7. Compounds I1 and I7 were further indicated as an ecdysteroid agonist by reporter gene assay on the Spodoptera frugiperda cell line (Sf9 cells). Finally, a molecular docking study of compound I7 was conducted, which was not only beneficial to understand the structure-activity relationship, but also useful for development of new IGRs for the control of mosquitos.
Comprehensive molecular portrait using next generation sequencing of resected intestinal-type gastric cancer patients dichotomized according to prognosis
Authors: Bria E. , Pilotto S. , Simbolo M. , Fassan M. , de Manzoni G. , Carbognin L. , Sperduti I. , Brunelli M. , Cataldo I. , Tomezzoli A. , Mafficini A. , Turri G. , Karachaliou N. , Rosell R. , Tortora G. , Scarpa A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn this study, we evaluated whether the presence of genetic alterations detected by next generation sequencing may define outcome in a prognostically-selected and histology-restricted population of resected gastric cancer (RGC). Intestinal type RGC samples from 34 patients, including 21 best and 13 worst prognostic performers, were studied. Mutations in 50 cancer-associated genes were evaluated. A significant difference between good and poor prognosis was found according to clinico-pathologic factors. The most commonly mutated genes in the whole population were PIK3CA (29.4%), KRAS (26.5%), TP53 (26.5%) MET (8.8%), SMAD4 (8.8%) and STK11 (8.8%). Multiple gene mutations were found in 14/21 (67%) patients with good prognosis, and 3/13 (23%) in the poor prognosis group. A single gene alteration was found in 5/21 (24%) good and 6/13 (46%) poor prognosis patients. No mutation was found in 2/21 (9.5%) and 4/13 (31%) of these groups, respectively. In the overall series, ß-catenin expression was the highest (82.4%), followed by E-Cadherin (76.5%) and FHIT (52.9%). The good prognosis group was characterized by a high mutation rate and microsatellite instability. Our proof-of-principle study demonstrates the feasibility of a molecular profiling approach with the aim to identify potentially druggable pathways and drive the development of customized therapies for RGC.
Growth of high quality and uniformity AlGaN/GaN heterostructures on Si substrates using a single AlGaN layer with low Al composition
Authors: Cheng Jianpeng , Yang Xuelin , Sang Ling , Guo Lei , Zhang Jie , Wang Jiaming , He Chenguang , Zhang Lisheng , Wang Maojun , Xu Fujun , Tang Ning , Qin Zhixin , Wang Xinqiang , Shen Bo 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBy employing a single AlGaN layer with low Al composition, high quality and uniformity AlGaN/GaN heterostructures have been successfully grown on Si substrates by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The heterostructures exhibit a high electron mobility of 2150 cm2/Vs with an electron density of 9.3 × 1012 cm−2. The sheet resistance is 313 ± 4 Ω/◻ with ±1.3% variation. The high uniformity is attributed to the reduced wafer bow resulting from the balance of the compressive stress induced and consumed during the growth and the thermal tensile stress induced during the cooling down process. By a combination of theoretical calculations and in situ wafer curvature measurements, we find that the compressive stress consumed by the dislocation relaxation (~1.2 GPa) is comparable to the value of the thermal tensile stress (~1.4 GPa) and we should pay more attention to it during growth of GaN on Si substrates. Our results demonstrate a promising approach to simplifying the growth processes of GaN-on-Si to reduce the wafer bow and lower the cost while maintaining high material quality.
Stability of titania nanotube arrays in aqueous environment and the related factors
Authors: Cao Can , Yan Jun , Zhang Yumei , Zhao Lingzhou 
Published: March 2016

AbstractTitania nanotube arrays (NTAs) on titanium (Ti) fabricated by electrochemical anodization have attracted tremendous interest for diverse applications, of which most perform in aqueous environment or related to interaction with water. The NTAs are widely studied however the related factor of stability of NTAs when applied in such environment has rarely been concerned. We report that the annealed anatase NTAs are stable but the non-annealed amorphous NTAs are unstable to undergo specific structural change accompanied with a process of amorphous TiO2 dissolution and anatase TiO2 recrystallization. Quite unexpectedly, the non-annealed NTAs still show good stability without structural change in the cell culture media, possibly due to the presence of inorganics that may interfere with the TiO2 dissolution/redeposition process. The pH value of the aqueous environment is not a determinant factor for the structural change for non-annealed NTAs or not, while the temperature and the existence of F− can accelerate the structural change process. F− may play a very important role in the change process.
Site-specific recombinases: molecular machines for the Genetic Revolution
Authors: Olorunniji Femi J. , Rosser Susan J. , Stark W. Marshall 
Published: March 2016

The fields of molecular genetics, biotechnology and synthetic biology are demanding ever more sophisticated molecular tools for programmed precise modification of cell genomic DNA and other DNA sequences. This review presents the current state of knowledge and development of one important group of DNA-modifying enzymes, the site-specific recombinases (SSRs). SSRs are Nature's ‘molecular machines’ for cut-and-paste editing of DNA molecules by inserting, deleting or inverting precisely defined DNA segments. We survey the SSRs that have been put to use, and the types of applications for which they are suitable. We also discuss problems associated with uses of SSRs, how these problems can be minimized, and how recombinases are being re-engineered for improved performance and novel applications.
Micropower CMOS lock‐in amplifier for portable applications
Authors: Maya Hernández P.M. , Sanz Pascual M.T. , Calvo B. 
Published: March 2016

A new fully integrated micropower CMOS analogue lock‐in amplifier (LIA) is presented. To achieve a compact architecture able to operate under low voltage with low‐power consumption, it is based on a current‐mode amplifier with embedded rectification within the transconductance stage. Post‐layout results for a 0.18 µm CMOS implementation show a dynamic reserve of 51.2 dB, a power consumption of 482 µW and an integration area of 0.03 mm2. The frequency operation ranges from 450 Hz to 1.1 MHz, whereas the gain is programmable from 39 to 59 dB, providing the LIA with flexibility to match a wide range of applications.
Prediction of power handling in tunable, high‐Q, substrate‐integrated, evanescent‐mode cavity bandpass filters
Authors: Saeedi S. , Lee J. , Sigmarsson H. 
Published: March 2016

A circuit‐electromagnetic (EM) co‐design approach to predict the power handling of tunable, high‐Q, substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filters is presented. The prediction approach is directly applied to a heavily‐loaded evanescent‐mode cavity filter in bandpass domain. To demonstrate the validity of the design method for structures with severe aspect ratios, a 4% second‐order Butterworth, evanescent‐mode cavity SIW bandpass filter, with a continuous tuning range from 3.0 to 3.6 GHz is designed, fabricated, and tested. The filter handles 26.9 W of continuous‐wave power at 3.0 GHz as predicted.
Computer im Arztkittel
Authors: Mau Jens 
Published: March 2016

Kommt ein Arzt mit Laptop oder PDA zur Visite ans Krankenbett, dann schindet das Eindruck. Das ist technischer Fortschritt – doch wie lange noch? IT-Forscher aus Bremen testen jetzt den Computer im Arztkittel – mit Erfolg. Alles, was der Arzt dafür braucht,
befindet sich an seinem Handgelenk oder unsichtbar in seinem Kittel
Forty-Two Years' Experience with Pulmonary Resections of Metastases from Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Schreiner Waldemar , Hohenberger Werner , Klein Peter , Sirbu Horia , Dudek Wojciech 
Published: March 2016

Background Pulmonary metastasectomy is a commonly performed surgery in patients with controlled metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). We reviewed our long-term single institution experience with lung resections for colorectal metastases to assess the factors influencing patient survival.
Materials and Methods A cohort of 220 patients (138 men and 82 women; median age, 59 years) who underwent complete pulmonary metastasectomy for CRC with curative intent between 1972 and 2014 was retrospectively analyzed. The impact of factors related to primary tumor, metastases, and associated therapy on patient survival was assessed.
Results Two postoperative inhospital deaths occurred. The median interoperative interval was 26 months. The overall 5-year survival rate after pulmonary metastasectomy was 49.4%. In univariable analysis, bilateral pulmonary metastases (log rank p = 0.02), multiple metastases (log rank p = 0.005), and stage IV UICC (the International Union Against Cancer) CRC at the time of initial presentation (log rank p = 0.008) were significantly associated with poor outcome. Multivariable Cox analysis demonstrated that stage IV CRC (p = 0.02) and multiple metastases (p = 0.0019) were statistically significant predictors of survival after the pulmonary metastasectomy. There was no significant difference in survival between patients with high versus low preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen serum level (p = 0.149), high versus low preoperative carbohydrate antigen 19-9 serum level (p = 0.291), and primary tumor location in rectum versus colon (p = 0.845).
Conclusion Patients with unilateral metastasis and stages I to III primary tumor benefited most from pulmonary metastasectomy for CRC.
Status and Habitat Use of Scaphirhynchus Sturgeons in an Important Fluvial Corridor: Implications for River Habitat Enhancement
Authors: Hintz William D. , Glover David C. , Garvey James E. , Killgore K. Jack , Herzog David P. , Spier Timothy W. , Colombo Robert E. , Hrabik Robert A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn the central United States, recovery efforts for populations of the federally endangered Pallid Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus have been ongoing since its listing in 1990. Its congener, the Shovelnose Sturgeon S. platorynchus, has also recently been listed as threatened where it overlaps with Pallid Sturgeon. The status of both species in the Mississippi River is unknown and so are habitat enhancement priorities that would benefit their recovery. Using field data collected from 2002 through 2005, we (1) estimated the adult population size of both species using mark–recapture methods and (2) quantified habitat use of these sturgeons with multiple gears to elucidate habitat enhancement priorities in the middle Mississippi River—an important fluvial corridor that connects the upper Mississippi River and Missouri River basins with the lower Mississippi River basin. Population size was estimated to be 1,516 (95% CI = 710–3,463) Pallid Sturgeon (five individuals per river kilometer [rkm]) and 82,336 (95% CI = 59,438–114,585) Shovelnose Sturgeon (266 individuals/rkm). Our population estimate showed a low relative abundance of Pallid Sturgeon in this corridor. However, the population estimate suggests Pallid Sturgeon abundance has increased since its listing in 1990. Shovelnose Sturgeon were more abundant than Pallid Sturgeon, but whether the Shovelnose Sturgeon population is increasing, decreasing, or stable remains unknown. Among 10 habitat types, both species were most frequent at the downstream ends of alluvial islands. Pallid and Shovelnose sturgeons were restricted to flow rates < 1.0 m/s, and their abundance was greatest in depths ranging from 4.5 to 14 m. We suggest alluvial island enhancement may facilitate sturgeon recovery in the middle Mississippi River.Received February 24, 2014; accepted December 2, 2015
Male professional tennis players maintain constant serve speed and accuracy over long matches on grass courts
Authors: Maquirriain Javier , Baglione Roberto , Cardey Marcelo 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe potential effect of fatigue on stroke production in tennis players is still controversial. The aim of this study was to analyse the tennis serve speed and accuracy in prolonged male professional matches played on grass courts. We analysed tennis serve statistics from five‐set Wimbledon matches (n = 15; 30 players). Results showed that match duration averaged 208.3 ± 28.3 min. The overall serve speed was 177.0 ± 10.2 km/h in the first set and 176.1 ± 11.7 km/h in the fifth set (p = .34). The difference of all accuracy values of first set serves was not significantly different from those of the fifth set: percentage of valid first serves, 63.1 ± 11.1% vs. 62.3 ± 11.8%, respectively (p = .78); percentage of “aces”, 11.2 ± 9.1% vs. 10.0 ± 8.9%, respectively (p = .39); percentage of “winners”, 2.6 ± 7.6% vs. 1.2 ± 2.2%, respectively (p = .36); percentage of “double faults”, 2.8 ± 3.0% vs. 2.8 ± 3.4% (p = .97). In conclusion, tennis players were able to maintain constant serve speed and accuracy over five‐set matches played on grass courts. Professional tennis players are capable of overcoming fatigue and/or make movement adjustments to effectively perform complex technical strokes like the serve throughout matches played on grass courts lasting more than 3 h in average.