bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skin lesion in a patient after hematopoietic stem cell transplant
Authors: West Erica K. , Mehta Mudresh , Patel Vinit , Chamberland Robin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe present a case of a 61‐year‐old Caucasian woman who was hospitalized with fever on day 176 after a matched unrelated stem cell transplant for acute myelogenous leukemia. She developed hemorrhagic bullae on the skin of her right thigh, and both blood cultures and skin biopsy confirmed Fusarium proliferatum. Despite antifungal therapy, her condition worsened and she died while on comfort‐only measures.
In vivoconfocal microscopy of brachycephalic dogs with and without superficial corneal pigment
Authors: Vallone Lucien V. , Enders Andrew M. , Mohammed Hussni O. , Ledbetter Eric C. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize canine superficial corneal pigment (SCP) in brachycephalic dogs usingin vivoconfocal microscopy (IVCM).Animals studiedFifty‐seven client‐owned brachycephalic dogs from breeds predisposed toSCP(i.e., Boston Terrier, Lhasa Apso, Pekingese, Pug, and Shih Tzu).ProceduresComplete ocular examination, including slit‐lamp biomicroscopy, was used to determine presence or absence ofSCP, andIVCMexaminations were then performed. Clinical andIVCMabnormalities were recorded using a standardized scoring system and statistically compared between dogs with and withoutSCP. Dogs were split into two groups for analysis; Pugs and non‐Pug breeds.ResultsOf the 57 dogs examined, 32 were Pugs and 25 were non‐Pug breeds. Twenty‐three Pugs (71.8%) and 10 non‐Pugs (40%) displayedSCP. Six of 13 evaluatedIVCMfeatures were significantly (P< 0.05) associated withSCPin both Pugs and non‐Pugs and included superficial epithelial pigment, basal epithelial pigment, Langerhans cells, anterior stromal dendritic cells, epithelial disorganization, and vascularization. Additionally, superficial epithelial leukocytes and anterior stromal dendritic cells were significantly associated withSCPin Pugs only. Many of theIVCMfeatures associated withSCPwere also observed inSCPunaffected dogs; however, they were present at a reduced frequency and confined to the perilimbal region of the cornea.ConclusionsByIVCM,SCPin dogs is characterized by microscopic features of chronic inflammation. Abnormalities were superficial and largely confined to the corneal epithelium. Superficial pigment in brachycephalic dogs appears morphologically as a centripetal corneal migration of microanatomic features normally confined to the perilimbal region of the cornea.
Tai Chi Exercise for the Quality of Life in a Perimenopausal Women Organization: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wang Ying , Shan Weichao , Li Qing , Yang Na , Shan Weiying 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundImprovement of the quality of life in perimenopausal women has recently become an important global health issue. Extensive research reports provide evidence of Tai Chi for the quality of life, but no systematic review has individually investigated Tai Chi as a main intervention on the quality of life in perimenopausal women.ObjectiveTo assess clinical evidence of Tai Chi for the quality of life in perimenopausal women.MethodsStudies related to the effect of Tai Chi on the quality of life in perimenopausal women in the databases of China and abroad were searched. RevMan version 5.2 software was used, and the Medical Outcomes Study 36‐item short form health survey (SF‐36) and bone mineral density (BMD) were selected as evaluation indices.ResultsFive trials were included. The results of this study showed that Tai Chi had a significant effect on bodily pain, general health, vitality, mental health of SF‐36, and the spine dimension of BMD, as supported by the following data: bodily pain (Standard Mean Difference [SMD] = –3.63; 95% confidence interval [CI] [–6.62, –0.64]; p = .02); general health (SMD = −5.08; 95% CI [−7.60, –2.56]; p < .0001); vitality (SMD = −5.67; 95% CI [–8.54, –2.81], p = .0001); mental health (SMD = −2.51; 95% CI [–4.82, –0.20], p = .03); and spine dimension of BMD (SMD = −0.06; 95% CI [–0.10, –0.01]; p = .01). However, Tai Chi had no effect on physical function, emotional health, social function, role–physical of SF‐36, and the hip dimension of BMD, as supported by the following data: physical function (SMD = –1.79; 95% CI [–5.15, 1.57]; p = .30); emotional health (SMD = −2.90; 95% CI [–7.23, 1.43], p = .19]; social function (SMD = −2.23, 95% CI [–5.08, 0.61], p = .12; role–physical (SMD = − 1.18; 95% CI [–4.84, 2.47], p = .53; and hip dimension of BMD (SMD = −0.01; 95% CI [–0.03, 0.01]; p = .31).Linking Evidence to ActionThis systematic review found significant evidence for Tai Chi improving bodily pain, general health, vitality, mental health of SF–36, and the spine dimension of BMD in patients with perimenopausal syndrome. Findings suggest that Tai Chi might be recommended as effective and safe adjuvant treatment for patients with perimenopausal syndrome. More high‐quality randomized controlled trials are urgently needed to confirm these results.
Statutory Approval Process for Cross-Country Hydrocarbon Pipeline Projects
Authors: Vaidya Gauri , Pal Naresh 
Published: July 2017

Laying of petroleum and natural gas pipelines requires Clearances pertaining to Environment, Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ), Forests and Wildlife from various statutory bodies of the Central and State Government depending on the proposed pipeline route. Because of the time-consuming appraisal process undertaken at various levels, planning the statutory approval process forms a very important part of the project implementation schedule. The project proponents have to forecast and plan well in advance for obtaining statutory approvals as scheduled.
This paper details the clearances required for pipeline projects mainly from environmental angle, the procedures involved and difficulties faced by project proponents. It also suggests project proponents to plan the activities in advance and be updated on the new guidelines and notifications issued by the authorities. It also puts forth some recommendations to Statutory Authorities to simplify the procedures for speedy disposal of proposals related to pipeline projects.
Free Span Rectifications in Submarine Pipeline Projects: A Case Study
Authors: Yadav Udaivir , Negi Pawan 
Published: July 2017

Seabed features along a subsea pipeline route are highly stochastic. Free spans may be created in the pipelines due to seabed irregularities, subsequent scouring, and horizontal movements of pipeline during operation. It is quite common to encounter free spanning sections along the pipeline route from the very start till the end. Spanning of subsea pipelines is a primary area of concern not only in the detailed design and installation stage but also during the operation stage. For ensuring the pipeline safety during operation, underwater surveys must be conducted at suitable intervals. The frequency of such pipeline free spanning surveys depends on the operators’ interest and the statutory requirements. The static and dynamic characteristic of the pipeline spans should be investigated to ensure that the pipeline can be operated within acceptable safety levels. The unsupported spans that incur static as well as dynamic loads on the pipeline, may lead to vortex-induced vibrations and ultimately fatigue, and thus affecting the pipeline serviceability and design life. Vortex induced vibrations are not allowed to occur in the operation life as far as the conventional design is considered but DNV - RP - F105 allows the onset of vortex induced vibrations provided that the fatigue damage due to vortex induced vibrations doesn’t exceed the allowable values. Pipe soil interaction has a huge impact on the pipeline design as well as the pipeline service life. Analysis of the existing conditions and stress levels based on the site-specific surveys and environmental data needs to be carefully carried out for determining the acceptability of spans and the effective intervention works if required. Hydrological studies and numerical modeling may also need to be carried out for sediment transportation analysis and for proper assessment & quantification of sea bed erosion, trenching and backfilling requirements.
In the present work, the acceptable criteria in terms of static and dynamic stresses and fatigue damage limits due to vortex induced vibrations as per DNV - RP - F105 have been discussed. Further comprehensive analysis philosophy and the criticalities in the design analysis for free spanning of subsea pipeline are presented. A case study based on an offshore project in western India has been presented involving the major project issues. The main areas of concerns & challenges faced are examined in detail. Further study has been conducted for the other available strategic solutions in the VIV mitigation and rectification of free spanning sections.
Offshore Oil and Gas Pipeline: Flow Assurance and Corrosion Modelling for Inspection Prioritization
Authors: Barton Lewis , Laing Ian , Pinto Ashwin , Ladwa Ramesh 
Published: July 2017

Flow modelling and corrosion risk assessment are used to study a challenging multiphase pipeline, where the main focus is the identification and prioritization of critical locations for direct inspection (DA). Through the internal corrosion direct assessment (ICDA), flow modelling sensitivity studies is carried out to identify critical locations with risks of high shear stresses and water holdup. Through corrosion risk assessment (CRA), the critical locations were narrowed down to four primary locations, which through direct inspection could provide the information necessary to estimate the overall pipeline condition. It is highlighted that without the In-line inspection (ILI) data, selection of inspection locations becomes problematic. However, carrying out a CRA in combination with dynamic flow modelling can build a more representative analysis and assist with effective engineering decision making.
One of the available industry standard tools that can assist with demonstration of pipelines’ integrity requirement is an approach that integrates flow assurance with corrosion modelling known as Internal Corrosion Direct Assessment (ICDA). More specifically, an industry standard multiphase dynamic flow model (OLGA) with well-established corrosion models, CRA and engineering judgement have been employed to identify and prioritize inspection locations.
A benefit of this work is the validation of predictions by both OLGA and the corrosion engineer in close adoption to the procedures of the NACE ICDA standard practice. Considerations from corrosion engineering aspect on modelling requirements and corrosion diagnosis will be presented, where the primary focus is on identification of hot spots and consequent inspection requirements in order to limit excavation activities and provide cost-effective solutions to the client.
HSE and City Gas Distribution
Authors: Sharma Ajay Kumar 
Published: July 2017

City Gas Distribution is one of the most assured businesses in current times as Natural Gas being a clean fuel becomes the first choice of consumers.
Though CGD Network has enormous potential and has evident advantages however, it brings alongwith it’s own challenges but the biggest challenge is the vicinity of CGD Network with common public. A major factor for success of CGD Network depends on the discipline and involvement of common public in keeping CGD Network safe and effective.
This paper intends to discuss on HSE issues with focus on like Single Call system for India, Indian regulations Vs other countries and Quality Assurance.
Single Call system for India is the most important issue of CGD Network that really needs to be deliberated. In India, more than 20 clearances need to be obtained from various statutory and civil authorities before execution of any CGD Network project which really affects the project cost, time, consumer benefits, emergency response and third party damages.
Now let’s consider few international regulations like National Energy Board in Canada which is the nodal agency to ensure CGD pipelines are safe for public and environment. NEB regulations harmonize with provinces to ensure that any third party excavation work within pipeline corridor is carried out only after due communication to the pipeline company.
The 49 US Code 60114 - One Call notification system also mandates that any third party before carrying out any excavation needs to establish if there are underground facilities present in the area of the intended activity and contact appropriate system.
Indian regulations like T4S and ERDMP for CGD Network are indeed bringing all CGD companies at par in terms of design, safety, O&M and Integrity Management System. However, they need to sincerely look into Single Call System alongwith specific issues like interdistances, space constraints in big cities, compressor installation at height.
Quality Assurance involves periodic inspection and maintenance of CGD asset through a systematic plan including identification of critical equipments, Preventive Maintenance Schedules, carrying out maintenance as per the PM, maintaining a database of observations and defects. A key component is the generation of baseline data for implementing and monitoring Integrity Management System for CGD Network.
Hence, as CGD Network is a complex and dynamic distribution system involving public, private industries/commercials, civil authorities and wide geography, it is imperative to have a multi-pronged approach involving strict regulation enforcement, well informed public and latest technologies to ensure safe and efficient CGD Networks.
A Cationic Polymer That Shows High Antifungal Activity against Diverse Human Pathogens
Authors: Rank Leslie A. , Walsh Naomi M. , Liu Runhui , Lim Fang Yun , Bok Jin Woo , Huang Mingwei , Keller Nancy P. , Gellman Samuel H. , Hull Christina M. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

Invasive fungal diseases are generally difficult to treat and often fatal. The therapeutic agents available to treat fungi are limited, and there is a critical need for new agents to combat these deadly infections. Antifungal compound development has been hindered by the challenge of creating agents that are highly active against fungal pathogens but not toxic to the host. Host defense peptides (HDPs) are produced by eukaryotes as a component of the innate immune response to pathogens and have served as inspiration for the development of many new antibacterial compounds. HDP mimics, however, have largely failed to exhibit potent and selective antifungal activity. Here, we present an HDP-like nylon-3 copolymer that is effective against diverse fungi while displaying only mild to moderate toxicity toward mammalian cells. This polymer is active on its own and in synergy with existing antifungal drugs against multiple species of
Candida
and
Cryptococcus
, reaching levels of efficacy comparable to those of the clinical agents amphotericin B and fluconazole in some cases. In addition, the polymer acts synergistically with azoles against different species of
Aspergillus
, including some azole-resistant strains. These findings indicate that nylon-3 polymers are a promising lead for development of new antifungal therapeutic strategies.
Progressive Dispersion of Azole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: Fatal Invasive Aspergillosis in a Patient with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Infected with an A. fumigatus Strain with a
cyp51A
TR
46
Y121F M172I T289A Allele
Authors: Rößler Susann , Bader Oliver , Stölzel Friedrich , Sommer Ulrich , Spiess Birgit , Geibel Stephan , Buchheidt Dieter , Groß Uwe , Baretton Gustavo , Jacobs Enno , Ostrosky-Zeichner Luis 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

Patients with hematologic malignancies as well as allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients are at high risk for invasive aspergillosis. Here, we report a culture- and autopsy-proven fatal invasive aspergillosis in an allogeneic HSTC patient which he developed despite posaconazole prophylaxis. The agent was determined to be an azole-resistant
Aspergillus fumigatus
strain bearing the
cyp51A
mutation combination TR
46
Y121F M172I T289A. At increasing frequency, the azole resistance of
A. fumigatus
is being reported globally, limiting treatment options and complicating regimens.
Coadministration of Allopurinol To Increase Antimycobacterial Efficacy of Pyrazinamide as Evaluated in a Whole-Blood Bactericidal Activity Model
Authors: Naftalin Claire M. , Verma Rupangi , Gurumurthy Meera , Lu Qingshu , Zimmerman Matthew , Yeo Benjamin Chaik Meng , Tan Kin Hup , Lin Wenwei , Yu Buduo , Dartois Véronique , Paton Nicholas I. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTCoadministering pyrazinamide (PZA) with the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol increases systemic levels of the active metabolite, pyrazinoic acid (POA), but the effects on bactericidal activity against tuberculosis are unknown. We randomized healthy volunteers to take a single dose of PZA (either 10 or 25 mg/kg of body weight) at the first visit and the same dose 7 days later, coadministered with allopurinol (100 mg daily; 2 days before to 1 day after the PZA dose). Blood was drawn at intervals until 48 h after each PZA dose, and drug levels were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Whole-blood bactericidal activity (WBA) was measured by inoculating blood samples withMycobacterium tuberculosisand estimating the change in bacterial CFU after 72 h of incubation. Allopurinol increased the POA area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 8 h (AUC0–8) (18.32 h · μg/ml versus 24.63 h · μg/ml for PZA alone versus PZA plus allopurinol) (P< 0.001) and its peak plasma concentration (Cmax) (2.81 μg/ml versus 4.00 μg/ml) (P< 0.001). There was no effect of allopurinol on mean cumulative WBA (0.01 ± 0.02 ΔlogCFU versus 0.00 ± 0.02 ΔlogCFU for PZA alone versus PZA plus allopurinol) (P= 0.49). Higher systemic POA levels were associated with greater WBA levels (P< 0.001), but the relationship was evident only at low POA concentrations. The lack of an effect of allopurinol on WBA despite a significant increase in blood POA levels suggests that host-generated POA may be less effective than POA generated inside bacteria. Coadministration of allopurinol does not appear to be a useful strategy for increasing the efficacy of PZA in clinical practice. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT02700347.)
Transcriptional Profiling of the Chicken Tracheal Response to Virulent Mycoplasma gallisepticum Strain R
low
Authors: Beaudet J. , Tulman E. R. , Pflaum K. , Liao X. , Kutish G. F. , Szczepanek S. M. , Silbart L. K. , Geary S. J. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

Mycoplasma gallisepticum
, the primary etiologic agent of chronic respiratory disease (CRD) in poultry, leads to prolonged recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells in the respiratory mucosa. This is consistent with the current model of immune dysregulation that ostensibly allows the organism to evade clearance mechanisms and establish chronic infection. To date, studies using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and microarrays have shown a significant transient upregulation of cytokines and chemokines from tracheal epithelial cells (TECs)
in vitro
and tracheal tissue
ex vivo
in response to virulent strain R
low
that contributes to the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the tracheal mucosa. To expand upon these experiments, RNA was isolated from tracheas of 20 chickens infected with
M. gallisepticum
R
low
and 20 mock-infected animals at days 1, 3, 5, and 7 postinoculation, and samples were analyzed for differential gene expression using Illumina RNA sequencing. A rapid host response was observed 24 h postinfection, with over 2,500 significantly differentially expressed genes on day 3, the peak of infection. Many of these genes have immune-related functions involved in signaling pathways, including Toll-like receptor (TLR), mitogen-activated protein kinase, Jak-STAT, and the nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor pathways. Of interest was the increased expression of numerous cell surface receptors, including TLR4 and TLR15, which may contribute to the production of cytokines. Metabolic pathways were also activated on days 1 and 3 postinfection, ostensibly due to epithelial cell distress that occurs upon infection. Early perturbations in tissue-wide gene expression, as observed here, may underpin a profound immune dysregulation, setting the stage for disease manifestations characteristic of
M. gallisepticum
infection.
Interleukin-17C in Human Helicobacter pylori Gastritis
Authors: Tanaka Shingo , Nagashima Hiroyuki , Cruz Modesto , Uchida Tomohisa , Uotani Takahiro , Jiménez Abreu José A. , Mahachai Varocha , Vilaichone Ratha-korn , Ratanachu-ek Thawee , Tshering Lotay , Graham David Y. , Yamaoka Yoshio 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThe interleukin-17 (IL-17) family of cytokines (IL-17A to IL-17F) is involved in many inflammatory diseases. Although IL-17A is recognized as being involved in the pathophysiology ofHelicobacter pylori-associated diseases, the role of other IL-17 cytokine family members remains unclear. Microarray analysis of IL-17 family cytokines was performed inH. pylori-infected and uninfected gastric biopsy specimens.IL-17CmRNA was upregulated approximately 4.5-fold inH. pylori-infected gastric biopsy specimens. This was confirmed by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR in infected and uninfected gastric mucosa obtained from Bhutan and from the Dominican Republic. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that IL-17C expression inH. pylori-infected gastric biopsy specimens was predominantly localized to epithelial and chromogranin A-positive endocrine cells.IL-17CmRNA levels were also significantly greater amongcagA-positive thancagA-negativeH. pyloriinfections (P= 0.012).In vitrostudies confirmed an increase inIL-17CmRNA and protein levels in cells infected withcagA-positive infections compared to cells infected with eithercagA-negative orcagpathogenicity island (PAI) mutant. Chemical inhibition of IκB kinase (IKK), mitogen-activated protein extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK), and Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibited induction of IL-17C proteins in infected cells, whereas p38 inhibition had no effect on IL-17C protein secretion. In conclusion,H. pyloriinfection was associated with a significant increase in IL-17C expression in human gastric mucosa. The role of IL-17C in the pathogenesis ofH. pylori-induced diseases remains to be determined.
Neutrophils Are Central to Antibody-Mediated Protection against Genital Chlamydia
Authors: Naglak Elizabeth K. , Morrison Sandra G. , Morrison Richard P. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTDetermining the effector populations involved in humoral protection against genital chlamydia infection is crucial to development of an effective chlamydial vaccine. Antibody has been implicated in protection studies in multiple animal models, and we previously showed that the passive transfer of immune serum alone does not confer immunity in the mouse. Using theChlamydia muridarummodel of genital infection, we demonstrate a protective role for bothChlamydia-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and polymorphonuclear neutrophils and show the importance of an antibody/effector cell interaction in mediating humoral immunity. While neutrophils were found to contribute significantly to antibody-mediated protectionin vivo, natural killer (NK) cells were dispensable for protective immunity. Furthermore, gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-stimulated primary peritoneal neutrophils (PPNs) killed chlamydiaein vitroin an antibody-dependent manner. The results from this study support the view that an IFN-γ-activated effector cell population cooperates with antibody to protect against genital chlamydia and establish neutrophils as a key effector cell in this response.