bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laser-assisted direct ink writing of planar and 3D metal architectures
Authors: Skylar-Scott Mark A. , Gunasekaran Suman , Lewis Jennifer A. 
Published: May 2016

Significance
The growing demand for customized electronic devices underpins the need for 3D fabrication methods that enable form factors well beyond those that are flat and rigid. A printing method is introduced for one-step fabrication of conductive and ductile metal features in planar and complex 3D shapes that combines direct ink writing with “on-the-fly” laser annealing.
Ocean dynamics, not dust, have controlled equatorial Pacific productivity over the past 500,000 years
Authors: Winckler Gisela , Anderson Robert F. , Jaccard Samuel L. , Marcantonio Franco 
Published: May 2016

Significance
The equatorial Pacific is a key oceanographic region in Earth’s climate system. Biological production in this region is limited, in part, by the lack of the micronutrient iron. Atmospheric dust is a source of iron, as is upwelling of ocean waters from below. A longstanding question has been whether biological productivity has responded to variable dust supply over ice age cycles. We use geochemical proxies in three sediment cores spanning the breadth of the equatorial Pacific to show that biological productivity did not respond to dustier ice age conditions. Rather than atmospheric iron supply, we infer that ocean dynamics, linking the equatorial Pacific to nutrient supply from the Southern Ocean, played a crucial role in regulating equatorial Pacific productivity.
AtVPS41-mediated endocytic pathway is essential for pollen tube–stigma interaction inArabidopsis
Authors: Hao Lihong , Liu Jingjing , Zhong Sheng , Gu Hongya , Qu Li-Jia 
Published: May 2016

SignificanceSignaling pathways responsive to both external and internal signals are essential for implementation of biological functions in a cell. After perceiving the signal, the signaling needs to be attenuated and terminated, usually mediated by the endocytic trafficking, to ensure a temporal and spatial control of the signaling activities. In mammals, disruption of the vacuolar protein sorting 41 (VPS41)-mediated endocytic pathway was reported to cause pleiotropic diseases such as neurological disorders. However, the role of the endocytic pathway in plant cells is unknown. We report here that a VPS41-mediated late stage of the endocytic pathway is essential for male–female interaction inArabidopsis.
Neural circuits underlying mother’s voice perception predict social communication abilities in children
Authors: Abrams Daniel A. , Chen Tianwen , Odriozola Paola , Cheng Katherine M. , Baker Amanda E. , Padmanabhan Aarthi , Ryali Srikanth , Kochalka John , Feinstein Carl , Menon Vinod 
Published: May 2016

Significance
The human voice provides a wealth of social information, including who is speaking. A salient voice in a child’s life is mother's voice, which guides social function during development. Here we identify brain circuits that are selectively engaged in children by their mother’s voice and show that this brain activity predicts social communication abilities. Nonsense words produced by mother activate multiple brain systems, including reward, emotion, and face-processing centers, reflecting how widely mother’s voice is broadcast throughout a child’s brain. Importantly, this activity provides a neural fingerprint of children’s social communication abilities. This approach provides a template for investigating social function in clinical disorders, e.g., autism, in which perception of biologically salient voices may be impaired.
BPTF transduces MITF-driven prosurvival signals in melanoma cells
Authors: Dar Altaf A. , Majid Shahana , Bezrookove Vladimir , Phan Binh , Ursu Sarah , Nosrati Mehdi , De Semir David , Sagebiel Richard W. , Miller James R. , Debs Robert , Cleaver James E. , Kashani-Sabet Mohammed 
Published: May 2016

Significance
Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is a master regulator of survival of the melanocyte lineage, exerting its effects through a cascade of transcriptional activation by interacting with a consensus DNA-binding sequence on the promoters of target genes. This study found that MITF regulates expression of bromodomain plant homeodomain finger transcription factor (BPTF), which has been recently shown to promote melanoma cell growth and metastasis, and serves as a prognostic marker of survival associated with melanoma. These results suggest that MITF directs its prosurvival program in melanoma cells, at least in part by activating BPTF expression, providing additional insight into the MITF signaling cascade. The participation of BPTF in the MITF pathway suggests a critical role for BPTF in maintaining melanoma cell survival, further supporting its role in melanoma progression.
National findings regarding health IT use and participation in health care delivery reform programs among office-based physicians
Authors: Heisey-Grove Dawn , Patel Vaishali 
Published: May 2016

Objective: Our objective was to characterize physicians’ participation in delivery and payment reform programs over time and describe how participants in these programs were using health information technology (IT) to coordinate care, engage patients, manage patient populations, and improve quality.
Materials and Methods: A nationally representative cohort of physicians was surveyed in 2012 (unweighted N = 2567) and 2013 (unweighted N = 2399). Regression analyses used those survey responses to identify associations between health IT use and participation in and attrition from patient-centered medical homes (PCMHs), accountable care organizations (ACOs), and pay-for-performance programs (P4Ps).
Results: In 2013, 45% of physicians participated in PCMHs, ACOs, or P4Ps. While participation in each program increased (P &lt; .05) between 2012 and 2013, program attrition ranged from 31–40%. Health IT use was associated with greater program participation (RR = 1.07–1.16). PCMH, ACO, and P4P participants were more likely than nonparticipants to perform quality improvement and patient engagement activities electronically (RR = 1.09–1.14); only ACO participants were more likely to share information electronically (RR = 1.07–1.09).
Discussion: Participation in delivery and payment reform programs increased between 2012 and 2013. Participating physicians were more likely to use health IT. There was significant attrition from and switching between PCMHs, ACOs, and P4Ps.
Conclusion: This work provides the basis for understanding physician participation in and attrition from delivery and payment reform programs, as well as how health IT was used to support those programs. Understanding health IT use by program participants may help to identify factors enabling a smooth transition to alternative payment models.
The Relationship Between Timing of Postpartum Hemorrhage Interventions and Adverse Outcomes
Authors: Howard T.F. , Grobman W.A. 
Published: May 2016

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015;213:239.e1–239.e3)
As the causes of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) are varied, there are also a variety of methods involved in its management. Typical interventions include fundal massage, uterotonic medications, balloon tamponade (BT), and uterine artery embolization (UAE). But while some studies have shown that the use of PPH protocols can help lower the risk of maternal mortality, there has not been much research on whether the timing of specific interventions has a positive impact on outcomes.
E-Cigarettes and Pregnancy. Is a Closer Look Appropriate?
Authors: Bryce R. , Robson S.J. 
Published: May 2016

(Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2015;55(3):218–221)
It has been estimated that 1 of every 7 pregnant women in Australia smokes, and the trend does not appear to be decreasing. As smoking is one of the most avoidable causes of a variety of adverse outcomes in pregnancy, it is important to encourage women to quit smoking as early as possible.
Differential Effect of Intrauterine Growth Restriction on Childhood Neurodevelopment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Murray E. , Fernandes M. , Fazel M. , Kennedy S.H. , Villar J. , Stein A. 
Published: May 2016

(BJOG. 2015;122(8):1062–1072)
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is the second leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, and is associated with significant neurodevelopmental impairment. Despite this, there have been no systematic reviews that examine the effects of IUGR on various neurodevelopmental domains throughout childhood (up to 12 y), nor has there been an attempt to differentiate the contributions of several insults often are associated with IUGR to childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Angiogenic Biomarkers in Pregnancy: Defining Maternal and Fetal Health
Authors: Rasmussen L.G. , Lykke J.A. , Staff A.C. 
Published: May 2016

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2015;94:820–832)
The physiological processes behind preeclampsia are not completely understood. In women who are suffering from overt cases of preeclampsia or have a growth-restricted fetus there seem to be abnormal levels of several distinct circulating angiogenic proteins.
Using Interinstitutional Practice Variation to Understand the Risks and Benefits of Routine Labor Induction at 41+0 Weeks
Authors: Hutcheon J.A. , Harper S. , Strumpf E.C. , Lee L. , Marquette G. 
Published: May 2016

(BJOG. 2015;122(7):973–981)
There is no consensus regarding the best clinical management practices for women who remain pregnant a week or more past their expected delivery date, due in part to the lack of high-quality evidence on the risks and benefits of routine labor induction at 41 weeks. The present study aimed to determine whether routine labor induction at 41+0 weeks’ gestation increases the risk of cesarean delivery (CD), instrumental delivery, or maternal or neonatal health complications compared with expectant management. The study cohort was women in British Columbia (BC), Canada who remained pregnant past 41+0 weeks and delivered at one of the province’s 42 hospitals between 2008 and 2012.
Large Heterogeneity in Mean Durations of Labor Analgesia Among Hospitals Reporting to the American Society of Anesthesiologists’ Anesthesia Quality Institute
Authors: Flood Pamela , Dexter Franklin , Ledolter Johannes , Dutton Richard P. 
Published: May 2016

(Anesth Analg. 2015;121(5):1283–1289)
Expected duration of labor varies widely and depends on multiple covariates, ranging from biological factors, such as genotype, obesity and fetal weight, to obstetrical practices, such as intention to reduce infection risk or provide a more natural birth. Such variability in mean duration of labor analgesia for vaginal delivery may influence appropriate equitable fee-for-service payments. In order to address this issue, the authors of the present study determined mean durations of labor analgesia among hospitals in the United States.
Adverse Childhood Experiences Influence Development of Pain During Pregnancy
Authors: Drevin J. , Stern J. , Annerbäck E.M. , Peterson M. , Butler S. , Tydén T. , Berglund A. , Larsson M. , Kristiansson P. 
Published: May 2016

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2015;94:840–846)
Assessing adverse childhood experience (ACE) is a way of measuring a wide range of traumatic events that might take place before an individual is 18 years of age. These traumas may include emotional, physical, and sexual abuse as well as various household dysfunctions. Adverse childhood experiences are currently believed to lead to impaired social, emotional, and cognitive development.
Risk of Uterine Rupture Among Women Attempting Vaginal Birth After Cesarean With an Unknown Uterine Scar
Authors: Smith D. , Stringer E. , Vladutiu C.J. , Zink A.H. , Strauss R. 
Published: May 2016

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015;213:80.e1-80.e5)
Since a history of multiple cesarean deliveries is known to carry an increased risk of morbidity during childbirth, the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends that women who have previously had 1 low transverse cesarean delivery be counseled about the option of attempting a vaginal birth. However, vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) delivery is associated with its own risks, the most serious of which is uterine rupture. This risk is known to be low for women who have had a low transverse incision, but investigators are attempting to determine whether other populations have an acceptable level of risk. The authors of this study looked at the association between an unknown uterine incision and the risk of uterine rupture among women attempting vaginal birth following 1 cesarean delivery.
Severe Secondary Postpartum Hemorrhage: A Historical Cohort
Authors: Dossou M. , Debost-Legrand A. , Déchelotte P. , Lémery D. , Vendittelli F. 
Published: May 2016

(Birth. 2015;42(2):149–155)
As postpartum hemorrhage occurring within the first 24 hours of delivery is a common cause of mortality and has been the subject of many studies, the same is not true for secondary postpartum hemorrhage, a condition in which there is significant bleeding from the genital tract anytime between 24 hours after delivery and the 42nd postpartum day. The authors of this study attempted to address this deficit in the literature by determining the incidence rate of severe secondary postpartum hemorrhage. They also sought to describe and assess the various causes of this condition.
First Trimester Maternal Serum Biochemical Markers of Aneuploidy in Pregnancies With Abnormally Invasive Placentation
Authors: Thompson O. , Otigbah C. , Nnochiri A. , Sumithran E. , Spencer K. 
Published: May 2016

(BJOG. 2015;122:1370–1376)
This study aims to examine whether differences exist in routine first trimester maternal serum biochemical screening measurements among normal pregnancies and those complicated by placenta previa and abnormally invasive placentation (AIP). The term, AIP was suggested recently to avoid the confusion with terminology defining the various types of morbidly adherent placentae—placenta accreta, increta, and percreta.
Perinatal Outcomes Following an Earlier Postterm Labour Induction Policy: A Historical Cohort Study
Authors: Hedegaard M. , Lidegaard Ø. , Skovlund C.W. , Mørch L.S. , Hedegaard M. 
Published: May 2016

(BJOG. 2015;122:1377–1385)
The aim of the study undertaken was to assess the changes in perinatal outcomes in children born from 37 weeks of gestation after implementation of a more proactive labor induction practice from 2009. This register-based historical cohort study included all newborns in Denmark delivered from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2012. To reduce the random year-to-year variation, the 13-year study period was subdivided into 5 intervals of 3, 3, 3, 2, and 2 years.
The ED90 of Prophylactic Oxytocin Infusion After Delivery of the Placenta During Cesarean Delivery in Laboring Compared with Nonlaboring Women: An Up-Down Sequential Allocation Dose-Response Study
Authors: Lavoie Anne , McCarthy Robert J. , Wong Cynthia A. 
Published: May 2016

(Anesth Analg. 2015;121:159–164)
Postpartum hemorrhage is a leading cause of maternal mortality and is most frequently caused by uterine atony. Prophylactic administration of oxytocin during the third stage of labor has been shown to lower both uterine atony and the risk of postpartum hemorrhage. However, laboring patients who have already been administered oxytocin and subsequently undergo cesarean delivery due to labor dystocia will likely require a greater than normal amount of oxytocin to achieve adequate uterine tone because of desensitization. The purpose of this study was to determine the effective dose (ED90) of oxytocin infusion for these laboring patients compared with the effective dose for nonlaboring patients who undergo elective cesarean delivery.
The Importance of the Monitoring of Resuscitation With Blood Transfusion for Uterine Inversion in Obstetrical Hemorrhage
Authors: Furukawa S. , Sameshima H. 
Published: May 2016

(Obstet Gynecol Int. 2015;2015:269156)
This study was a retrospective review of pregnant women with uterine inversion at 4 Japanese secondary and tertiary perinatal centers from January 2007 to December 2013. For the 6 cases found, the authors reviewed the patients’ medical records for maternal characteristics and delivery information. All 6 women were experiencing their first pregnancy, had an average age of 28, and had a shock index of at least 1.6 on admission (range 1.6-2.7). Two of the cases involved manual removal of the placenta, and the uterine inversion was noticed immediately.
Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM) Clinical Guideline #8: The Fetus at Risk for Anemia—Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Mari G. , Norton M.E. , Stone J. , Berghella V. , Sciscione A.C. , Tate D. , Schenone M.H. 
Published: May 2016

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015;212(6):697–710)
Fetal anemia is a life-threatening condition that is typically caused by red cell alloimmunization or parvovirus infection, but can also result from a variety of other causes. The purpose of this review was to enumerate the various causes of fetal anemia and outline surveillance options and management strategies. The authors performed a systematic search for relevant articles in the following online databases: MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, searching for English-language original research articles published between 1966 and May 2014. Reviews, commentaries, evidence reports, and published guidelines were also considered and evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology to determine the strength of the findings. The authors synthesized this information into a coherent set of evidence-based guidelines for diagnosis and treatment.
Prenatal Factors in Singletons With Cerebral Palsy Born at or Near Term
Authors: Nelson Karin B. , Blair Eve 
Published: May 2016

(N Engl J Med. 2015;373:946–953)
Gestational age at birth is strongly associated with cerebral palsy (CP), a congenital motor disability of cerebral origin often accompanied by intellectual deficits, epilepsy, and sensory disabilities. In fact, a 2004 report suggested that 70% to 80% of CP is due to prenatal factors, with birth asphyxia playing only a minor role. Despite these findings, most studies in singletons born after 35 weeks of gestation have focused on the contribution of birth asphyxia on CP. Consequently, in this present review, the authors review evidence and posit that prenatal factors, rather than birth asphyxia, are the chief determinants of CP risk in children born at or near-term.
Labor Analgesia Consumption and Time to Neuraxial Catheter Placement in Women With a History of Surgical Correction for Scoliosis: A Case-Matched Study
Authors: Bauchat Jeanette R. , McCarthy Robert J. , Koski Tyler R. , Wong Cynthia A. 
Published: May 2016

(Anesth Analg. 2015;121:981–987)
Though neuraxial analgesic techniques are known to be more effective than other types of labor analgesia, some small studies in the past have shown these techniques to be only effective in 50% to 66% of patients who have undergone surgical correction for scoliosis. Although it has become easier to access the epidural space due to recent developments in surgical interventions for scoliosis, the effectiveness of neuraxial labor analgesia can still be diminished by postsurgical scarring and adhesions. The authors sought to carry out a prospective case-matched study to compare the rate of bupivacaine consumption and time to placement of neuraxial technique between laboring women with and without a history of spinal instrumentation.
Conjugated estrogens and bazedoxifene in minority populations: pooled analysis of four phase 3 trials
Authors: Pinkerton JoAnn V. , Pickar James H. , Ryan Kelly A. , Yu Ching-Ray , Mirkin Sebastian , Komm Barry S. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of the study was to compare efficacy of conjugated estrogens (CE)/bazedoxifene (BZA) for treatment of menopausal symptoms and prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis in minorities (black/Hispanic) versus whites.

Methods:
In a post hoc analysis, data were pooled from 3,424 white or minority nonhysterectomized postmenopausal women randomized to CE 0.45 or 0.625 mg/BZA 20 mg or placebo in four double-blind, phase 3 Selective Estrogens, Menopause, and Response to Therapy (SMART) trials. Outcomes included hot flush frequency/severity (daily diary) in women with at least seven moderate-to-severe hot flushes per day (SMART-1, -2), vaginal cytology in women with at most 5% superficial cells (SMART-1, -3), lumbar spine and total hip bone mineral density (BMD) (SMART-1, -5), and the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life (MENQOL) questionnaire (SMART-1, -2, -3, -5).

Results:
The analysis included 2,907 white (84.9%), 315 black (9.2%), and 202 Hispanic (5.9%) women. The reduction in hot flush frequency/severity versus placebo (P < 0.05; week 12) was similar in white and minority women. In both populations, both doses significantly (P < 0.05 vs placebo) improved MENQOL vasomotor function, sexual function, and total scores at 3 months; decreased the percentage of parabasal cells at 2 years; and increased the percentage of BMD responders at 12 and 24 months. Significant differential treatment effects by race/ethnicity were observed only for effects on vaginal superficial cells at month 24 and vaginal pH at month 3.

Conclusions:
Notwithstanding a limited sample size, CE/BZA had a similar and beneficial impact on hot flushes, MENQOL, and BMD in minorities and whites.
Effects of walking on body composition in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Hong-Lian , Gao Hai-Xia , Sun Feng Mei , Zhang Lei 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that examined the effect of walking on body weight, body mass index (BMI), and body fat percentage in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.

Methods:
Two authors identified randomized controlled trials of interventions at least 4 weeks in duration that included at least one group with walking as the only treatment and a no-exercise control group. Participants were inactive at baseline. Weighted mean differences were calculated using the fixed-effects and random-effects models. Heterogeneity among trials was examined using the Q statistic and I2 methods. Potential publication bias was assessed through funnel plot inspection.

Results:
Eight studies met the study inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis results showed statistically significant reductions in mean differences for BMI (−0.33 kg/m2, 95% CI −0.62 to −0.04 kg/m2), body weight (−1.14 kg, 95% CI −1.86 to −0.42 kg), and body fat percentage (−2.36%, 95% CI −3.21% to −1.52%). The results were consistent in showing effects of walking on BMI (I2 = 11%), body weight (I2 = 20%), and body fat percentage (I2 = 0%). Funnel plots showed asymmetry for body composition.

Conclusions:
Walking interventions improved body composition in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, which underscores the central role of walking as a physical activity for health promotion.