bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caring, law, and solidarity—on the need for reorientation
Authors: Scheiwe Kirsten 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
What significance does care have in law? How is solidarity understood in the relationship between individuals, society, and the state, and what needs to be changed? How should the welfare state promote care and caring relationships by granting solidary forms of support and enabling beyond the already existing but insufficient rights and services? These questions guide the analysis; German law and EU law are important points of reference, but the general argument transcends national borders and jurisdictions. It results that solidarities are ambivalent, the recognition of care-related rights and provision of care services and infrastructures is insufficient. There is a need for care policies based on solidarity. Although there are numerous fragmented regulations in family, labour and social law with regard to care and care needs, these are often inadequate. Coherent and solidarity-based care policies, such as those developed by some countries and international organizations, can serve as a stimulus and inspiration for social and legal policies in Germany and elsewhere. Although the contents of solidarity as a legal principle is rather indeterminate and open to the discretion of the state, solidarity can be an important part of the argument, because the social support and organization of care is in the interest of society and of all those who need or provide care and contribute to the public good.
Recombinant collagen for the repair of skin wounds and photo-aging damage
Authors: Liu Taishan , Hao Jiayun , Lei Huan , Chen Yanru , Liu Lin , Jia Liping , Gu Juan , Kang Huaping , Shi Jingjing , He Jing , Song Yangbin , Tang Yuqi , Fan Daidi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The skin, being the body’s primary defense mechanism, is susceptible to various injuries such as epidermal wounds, natural aging, and ultraviolet-induced damage. As a result, there is growing interest in researching skin repair methods. Traditional animal-derived collagen, widely available on the market, poses risks due to its immunogenicity and potential for viral contamination. In contrast, recombinant collagen sourced from human genes offers a safer alternative. To investigate the potential of human recombinant collagen in skin repair, our research team applied two types, type I human collagen (Col I) and CF-1552(I), to two different skin injury models: a wound-healing model and a photo-aging model. Our findings indicate that both Col I and CF-1552(I) effectively enhance wound healing and repair skin damaged by ultraviolet exposure. Notably, CF-1552(I) showed effects comparable to Col I in promoting cell proliferation in the wound-healing model and increasing malondialdehyde content in the photo-aging model, suggesting that CF-1552(I) may offer greater potential for skin repair compared to the larger Col I molecule.
Doing Family Before the State. Does Recognition of De Facto Families Lead to More Inclusive Migration Law Practices?
Authors: Bonjour Saskia , Diepenmaat Susan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Critical scholars have long called for state recognition of de facto families, beyond legal or biological ties, as a pathway toward inclusion of more diverse family forms. This article asks to what extent recognition of de facto families indeed leads to more inclusion, in the context of a restrictive immigration regime in which families need state permission to live together. It zooms in on migration law practice in the Netherlands, through an analysis of laws and regulations, work instructions of street-level implementers, and interviews with migration lawyers. It finds that conceptions of family-as-doing which focus on practices of dependency and care play a small but significant role in Dutch migration law, enabling inclusion of families beyond the nuclear model. However, recognition of de facto families may lead to new forms of state scrutiny of intimate lives, as well as to new forms of exclusion.
Distinct Trajectories of Prescription Opioid Exposure in Pregnancy and Risk of Adverse Birth Outcomes
Authors: Wang Yi , Ehrenthal Deborah B. , Zhang Liwei 
Published: September 2024

Objectives
The aim of this study was to identify distinct trajectories of prescription opioid exposure in pregnancy—encompassing both medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) and opioid analgesics—and explore their associations with birth outcomes.

Methods
Trajectories were identified using latent class analysis among Wisconsin Medicaid-insured live births 2011–2019. Logistic regression estimated associations between these trajectories and neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS), small for gestational age, preterm birth, birth weight, and gestational age.

Results
Of 138,123 births, 27,293 (19.8%) had prenatal opioid exposure. Five trajectory classes were identified: (1) stable MOUD treatment (5.8%), (2) inconsistent MOUD treatment (3.9%), (3) chronic analgesic use (4.2%), (4) intermittent analgesic use (7.8%), and (5) low-level use of MOUD and analgesics (78.3%). NOWS incidence per 1000 infants was 667 for class 1 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 21.74, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.89, 26.41), 570 for class 2 (aOR: 15.35, 95% CI: 12.49, 18.87), 235 for class 3 (aOR: 19.42, 95% CI: 15.93, 23.68), 67 for class 4 (aOR: 6.23, 95% CI: 4.99, 7.76), and 12 for class 5 (aOR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.47, 2.02). Classes 1–4 had elevated risk of small for gestational age, preterm birth, lower birth weight, and shorter gestational age, with no significant differences among these classes. Among individuals with opioid use disorder, stable MOUD treatment was associated with higher birth weights and longer gestational ages compared to inconsistent treatment, despite higher odds of NOWS.

Conclusions
Early initiation and consistent MOUD treatment may improve birth weight and gestational age. For pregnant individuals with opioid use disorder using chronic analgesics, transition to MOUD may promote birth outcomes.
Outcomes and complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy as primary versus secondary procedure for kidney stones: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Sakly Aymen , Khaldi Syrine , Touati Anouar , Dimassi Elyes , Zakhama Walid , Binous Yassine 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Currently, percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the gold standard of treatment for large renal stones. The high prevalence of urolithiasis is associated with a high recurrence rate increasing the risk of re-intervention. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and complications of PCNL among patients with previous therapeutic interventions for renal stones.

Methods:
Between August 2018 and September 2023, 245 patients were prospectively enrolled in this study and who underwent PCNL for renal stones at our institution. We compared patients who had no previous renal surgery (group 1: n=171) with those who had a history of open renal surgery (group 2: n=45) or previous PCNL on the ipsilateral kidney (group 3: n=31). All patients underwent surgery in the Galdakao-modified Valdivia position. Data on stone characteristics and perioperative and postoperative parameters were collected. Technical features, success rates and morbidity were analyzed and compared between the groups.

Results:
The fluoroscopy time was significantly longer in the group of patients with previous open surgery than in groups 1 and 3 (161.47±52.44, 223.05±33.29, 172.27±30.51 sec, P<0.001). Similarly, the operative time was longer in group 2 (138.20±38.86 min, P<0.001). The immediate stone-free rates in groups 1, 2, and 3 were 74.8%, 72.1%, and 77.4%, respectively (P=0.945). At 1-month, these rates increased to 98.8%, 96.2% and 96.8%, respectively (P=0.857). No difference was detected between the groups in terms of complication rate. The average Hb variation was 1.08±0.82, 1.34±1.01 and 0.94±0.69 g/dl for groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively(P=0.082). Hospital stay was longer in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3 (2.17±1.03, 2.53±1.22, 1.88±1.00 days, P=0.07), respectively.

Conclusion:
PCNL in patients with a history of renal surgery was associated with longer fluoroscopy and operative time. However, the success and morbidity rates as a secondary procedure were similar to those of PCNL in patients with no previous intervention.
Effects of oral montelukast on pulmonary function and clinical symptoms in acute asthma exacerbations: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Aliyali Masoud , Abedi Siavash , Sharifpour Ali , Ghadirzadeh Erfan , Fattahi Mahdie , Yazdani Charati Jamshid , Mehravaran Hossein 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that helps treat chronic asthma and allergic rhinitis by reducing inflammation and bronchoconstriction. However, oral montelukast’s effectiveness in managing acute asthma attacks has yet to be completely identified.

Methods:
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigated the efficacy of oral montelukast in acute exacerbations of asthma. Seventy patients between 18 and 65 years of age with a primary diagnosis of asthma attack were included in the study and were randomly assigned to receive 10 mg of montelukast orally daily or placebo. Symptoms, signs, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were evaluated.

Results:
Our findings showed a statistically significant difference between montelukast and placebo regarding FEV1 (78.05 ± 7.84 vs. 72.05 ± 12.00, P = 0.016), PEFR (322.86 ± 28.95 vs. 290.86 ± 44.21, P = 0.003), and wheezing (P = 0.022) on the fifth day of treatment. Additionally, FEV1 and PEFR values were compared in two subgroups of patients, ICS users (ICSU) and non-ICS users (NICSU), in both the montelukast and placebo groups. In the montelukast group, while PEFR improved significantly for day 5 in both the ICSU (P = 0.007) and NICSU (P = 0.027) subgroups, FEV1 only improved in the ICSU (P = 0.009) subgroup compared to placebo.

Conclusion:
The present study demonstrated that oral montelukast administered in acute asthma exacerbation could lead to better values of PEFR and FEV1 on pulmonary function and improvement of wheezing in terms of symptoms.
A unique presentation of pericardial epithelioid angiosarcoma with multifaceted complications
Authors: Al Sakan Moied , Chihab Mtanyous , Alkhateb Ouwais , Fakhreddine Omar , Tfayli Arafat 
Published: September 2024

Introduction and importance:
Angiosarcomas are rare tumors of endothelial origin and may arise in any organ. Epithelioid angiosarcomas are a subtype of angiosarcoma that are rapidly progressive and typically fatal.

Case presentation:
The authors report a case of a 25-year-old previously healthy female who presented initially for dyspnea and palpitations, on further evaluation she was found to have large bilateral pleural effusions and cardiac tamponade.

Clinical discussion:
Pericardiocentesis and thoracentesis were performed alongside biopsies that revealed atypical cellular proliferation.
Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) showed avid uptake in the anterior mediastinum, perivascular, paratracheal, subcarinal and pleural lymph nodes with large FDG uptake in the bilateral pleural effusion.
Mediastinoscopy was done and biopsies showed an overtly malignant, epithelioid neoplasm with foci of vaso-formation; Keeping with high-grade epithelioid angiosarcoma of the pericardium.
She received six cycles of weekly paclitaxel, but imaging for abdominal pain incidentally showed evidence of metastasis to the liver and spine so she was switched to Adriamycin-Ifosfamide for which she received one cycle so far.
Her hospital course was complicated by high-output pleural effusions, chylothorax, left atrial thrombus formation and an intensive care unit stay for septic shock.

Conclusion:
Pericardial epithelioid angiosarcoma has been reported rarely in the literature. The authors aim to report a case of extensive metastatic pericardial epithelioid angiosarcoma in a young patient; which we believe can be an addition to the literature of a malignancy associated with poor prognosis and no definitive proven treatment regimen.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Large Language Models in CPT Coding for Craniofacial Surgery: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Isch Emily L. , Sarikonda Advith , Sambangi Abhijeet , Carreras Angeleah , Sircar Adrija , Self D. Mitchell , Habarth-Morales Theodore E. , Caterson EJ , Aycart Mario 
Published: September 2024

Background:
The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT has introduced significant advancements in various surgical disciplines. These developments have led to an increased interest in the utilization of LLMs for Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) coding in surgery. With CPT coding being a complex and time-consuming process, often exacerbated by the scarcity of professional coders, there is a pressing need for innovative solutions to enhance coding efficiency and accuracy.

Methods:
This observational study evaluated the effectiveness of 5 publicly available large language models—Perplexity.AI, Bard, BingAI, ChatGPT 3.5, and ChatGPT 4.0—in accurately identifying CPT codes for craniofacial procedures. A consistent query format was employed to test each model, ensuring the inclusion of detailed procedure components where necessary. The responses were classified as correct, partially correct, or incorrect based on their alignment with established CPT coding for the specified procedures.

Results:
The results indicate that while there is no overall significant association between the type of AI model and the correctness of CPT code identification, there are notable differences in performance for simple and complex CPT codes among the models. Specifically, ChatGPT 4.0 showed higher accuracy for complex codes, whereas Perplexity.AI and Bard were more consistent with simple codes.

Discussion:
The use of AI chatbots for CPT coding in craniofacial surgery presents a promising avenue for reducing the administrative burden and associated costs of manual coding. Despite the lower accuracy rates compared with specialized, trained algorithms, the accessibility and minimal training requirements of the AI chatbots make them attractive alternatives. The study also suggests that priming AI models with operative notes may enhance their accuracy, offering a resource-efficient strategy for improving CPT coding in clinical practice.

Conclusions:
This study highlights the feasibility and potential benefits of integrating LLMs into the CPT coding process for craniofacial surgery. The findings advocate for further refinement and training of AI models to improve their accuracy and practicality, suggesting a future where AI-assisted coding could become a standard component of surgical workflows, aligning with the ongoing digital transformation in health care.
High Precision ECG Digitization Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Demolder Anthony , Kresnakova Viera , Hojcka Michal , Boza Vladimir , Iring Andrej , Rafajdus Adam , Rovder Simon , Palus Timotej , Herman Martin , Bauer Felix , Jurasek Viktor , Hatala Robert , Bartunek Jozef , Vavrik Boris , Herman Robert 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe digitization of electrocardiograms (ECGs) is an important process in modern healthcare, enabling the preservation, transmission, and advanced analysis of ECG data. Traditional methods for digitizing ECGs from paper formats face significant challenges, particularly in real-world scenarios with varying image quality, paper distortions, and overlapping signals. Existing solutions often require manual input and are limited by their dependence on high-quality images and standardized layouts.MethodsThis study introduces a fully automated, deep learning-based approach for high-precision ECG digitization, imple- menting a two-stage process. In the ECG normalization phase, image distortions are corrected, axes are calibrated, and a standardized grid structure is generated. The ECG reconstruction phase uses deep learning techniques to extract and digitize the leads, with subsequent post-processing to refine the digital signal. The tool was evaluated using a custom-built PMcardio ECG Image Database (PM-ECG-ID) comprising 6,000 ECG images generated from 100 unique ECGs, subjected to various augmentations to simulate real-world challenges. Performance was assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (PCC), root mean squared error (RMSE), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).ResultsThe digitization tool demonstrated an average PCC consistently exceeding 91% across all leads, SNR above 12.5 dB and an RMSE below 0.10 mV. The time to ECG digitization was consistently less than 10 seconds. The failure rate was low, averaging 6.62%, with most failures occurring under extreme conditions such as severe blurring or significant image degradation. The tool maintained robust performance even under challenging scenarios, such as low-resolution images, distorted grids, and overlapping signals. Performance metrics indicated slight variations across different leads, with leads V3-V5 showing marginally higher RMSE and lower PCC, reflecting the complexity of digitizing large amplitude signals.ConclusionOur deep learning-based approach for ECG digitization delivers high precision and reliability, effectively addressing real-world challenges such as image distortions, lighting variations, and overlapping signals. This fully automated method enhances the accessibility and utility of ECG data, supporting advanced AI-driven analysis in cardiac healthcare.
Consumption of human-relevant levels of sucrose-water rewires macronutrient uptake and utilization mechanisms in a tissue specific manner
Authors: Ganguly Saptarnab , Chattopadhyay Tandrika , Kazi Rubina , Das Souparno , Malik Bhavisha , Uthpala M.L. , Iyer Padmapriya S. , Kashiv Mohit , Singh Anshit , Ghadge Amita , Nair Shyam D. , Sonawane Mahendra S. , Kolthur-Seetharam Ullas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractConsumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) have been linked to metabolic dysfunction, obesity, diabetes and enhanced risk of cardiovascular diseases across all age-groups globally. Decades of work that have provided insights into pathophysiological manifestations of sucrose overfeeding have employed paradigms that rarely mimic human consumption of SSBs. Thus, our understanding of multi-organ cross-talk and molecular and/or cellular mechanisms, which operate across scales and drive physiological derangement is still poor. By employing a paradigm of sucrose water feeding in mice that closely resembles chronic SSB consumption in humans (10% sucrose in water), we have unraveled hitherto unknown tissue-specific mechanistic underpinnings, which contribute towards perturbed physiology. Our findings illustrate that systemic impaired glucose homeostasis, mediated by hepatic gluconeogenesis and insulin resistance, does not involve altered gene expression programs in the liver. We have discovered the pivotal role of the small intestine, which in conjunction with liver and muscles, drives dyshomeostasis. Importantly, we have uncovered rewiring of molecular mechanisms in the proximal intestine that is either causal or consequential to systemic ill-effects of chronic sucrose water consumption including dysfunction of liver and muscle mitochondria. Tissue-specific molecular signatures, which we have unveiled, clearly indicate that inefficient utilization of glucose is exacerbated by enhanced uptake by the gut. Besides providing systems-wide mechanistic insights, we propose that consumption of SSBs causes intestinal ‘molecular addiction’ for deregulated absorption of hexose-sugars, and drives diseases such as diabetes and obesity.
Species limits and hybridization in Andean leaf-eared mice (Phyllotis)
Authors: Quiroga-Carmona Marcial , Liphardt Schuyler , Bautista Naim M. , Jayat Pablo , Teta Pablo , Malaney Jason L. , McFarland Tabitha , Cook Joseph A. , Blumer Moritz L. , Herrera Nathanael D. , Cheviron Zachary A. , Good Jeffrey M. , D’Elía Guillermo , Storz Jay F. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTLeaf-eared mice (genusPhyllotis) are among the most widespread and abundant small mammals in the Andean Altiplano, but species boundaries and distributional limits are often poorly delineated due to sparse survey data from remote mountains and high-elevation deserts. Here we report a combined analysis of mitochondrial DNA variation and whole-genome sequence (WGS) variation inPhyllotismice to delimit species boundaries, to assess the timescale of diversification of the group, and to examine evidence for interspecific hybridization. Estimates of divergence dates suggest that most diversification ofPhyllotisoccurred during the past 3 million years. Consistent with the Pleistocene Aridification hypothesis, our results suggest that diversification ofPhyllotislargely coincided with climatically induced environmental changes in the mid- to late Pleistocene. Contrary to the Montane Uplift hypothesis, most diversification in the group occurred well after the major phase of uplift of the Central Andean Plateau. Species delimitation analyses revealed surprising patterns of cryptic diversity within several nominal forms, suggesting the presence of much undescribed alpha diversity in the genus. Results of genomic analyses revealed evidence of ongoing hybridization between the sister speciesPhyllotis limatusandP. vaccarumand suggest that the contemporary zone of range overlap between the two species represents an active hybrid zone.
Quantifying Feral Pig Interactions to Inform Disease Transmission Networks
Authors: Proboste Tatiana , Turnlund Abigail , Bengsen Andrew , Gentle Matthew , Wilson Cameron , Harriott Lana , Fuller Richard A. , Marshall Darren , Soares Magalhães Ricardo J. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTFeral pigs threaten biodiversity in 54 countries worldwide and cause an estimated $120 billion of damage annually in the United States of America (USA). Feral pigs imperil over 600 native species and have directly driven 14 species into extinction. Moreover, feral pig populations pose a significant zoonotic disease threat to humans such as Japanese encephalitis, and act as reservoir for endemic pathogens such asBrucellaand leptospirosis. Efforts to understand and control disease spread by feral pigs rely on models of social dynamics, how the animals interact with one another. Yet social dynamics are known to vary enormously from place to place, so knowledge generated for example in USA and Europe might not easily transfer to locations such as Australia.Here, we fill a continental gap in our understanding of feral pig social dynamics by developing a proximity-based social network analysis approach to rapidly assess social interactions using animal tracking data. This method, applied to the continent of Australia, included 146 GPS-monitored feral pigs, and revealed distinct patterns influenced by sex and season, with females demonstrating higher group cohesion (female-female) and males acting as crucial connectors between independent groups. Contact rates are remarkably high within groups, indicating rapid intra-group disease spread that contrasts with much slower potential for inter-group disease spread. Seasonal variations further complicate this dynamic, with contact rates being much higher in summer. The results show that, in Australia, targeting adult males in feral pig control programs could enhance efforts to contain disease outbreaks.Concern over the economic and human health impacts of animal diseases is higher than ever before. We urge a rapid global effort to use models of feral pig social interactions to develop efficient control strategies tailored to local conditions.