bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corporate governance: a conscious approach for Asia and emerging economies
Authors: Rajablu Mahmoud 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
Asian economy in transition is facing great deal of challenges, so its corporate governance. This paper investigates the dominant corporate governance models practiced under the liberal market capitalism, cooperative capitalism, collective capitalism and the state capitalism across the continents and proposes conscious governance approach for Asia and emerging economies.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper explores and compares Anglo-American and Continental European corporate governance models. The report further investigates the development of corporate governance across Asian publicly listed companies, state-owned enterprises, small and medium enterprises and other privately held large enterprises, and raises questions and concerns and derives conclusion.

Findings
The Asian experience of imposing Western corporate governance models is more of a simplification of tasks based on political, cultural and globalization needs rather than the regions’ economic, financial and social development reality.

Practical implications
The unique proposition of conscious corporate governance aligns corporate governance practice with Asian socio-economic transition vision and helps with further development and reforms.

Originality/value
The paper adds to the existing efforts and triggers a fresh view to the Asian and emerging economies corporate governance research and strategy.
Move over Mintzberg, let adhocracy give way to ambidexterity
Authors: Parikh Margie 
Published: June 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore and compare the concepts of organizational ambidexterity, the ability of organizations to simultaneously pursue contradictory goals, and adhocracy, an organizational configuration meant to be most suitable for innovation and flexibility. It concludes that the concept of adhocracy is more useful than that of adhocracy, which has clear limitations.Design/methodology/approach– A review of literature involving the two concepts was conducted because initial comparison between the two showed close parallels between the two concepts – namely organizational ambidexterity and adhocracy – especially a shared orientation towards organizational effectiveness through innovation, amid dynamic and complex environment.Findings– Important similarities between the two concepts are that both reject the idea of “one best way” to organize. Both recommend balancing of conflicting goals. However, it appears that the contemporary environment in which organizations operate has evolved beyond the adequacy of adhocracy as a suitable archetype of effective and innovative organizations. Adhocracy suggests that pendulum-like, or iterative movement is the way to balance the contradictory goals, which is largely expected to be accomplished by the operating core and support staff. And this, too, is thought to be suitable for young and small organizations. Ambidexterity is a more comprehensive concept that includes the crux of Adhocracy, and offers a wider range of approaches and methods for balancing contradictory goals.Originality/value– To be fair to Mintzberg, adhocracy was an interesting concept in its time, but the organizations and their environments have moved beyond its realm of relevance and they need more than what the concept can give. Adhocracy may now move over and make space for ambidexterity.
Maximizing e-HRM outcomes: a moderated mediation path
Authors: Panos Spiros , Bellou Victoria 
Published: June 2016

Purpose– Rapid technological changes have turned electronic-human resource management (e-HRM) into a significant academic and managerial agenda. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact that different types of e-HRM goals have on distinct types of e-HRM outcomes and an explanatory mechanism, by incorporating HRM role as a mediator and IT users’ acceptance as a moderator.Design/methodology/approach– HR managers of all organizations that adopt some form of e-HRM systems in Greece were asked to participate in the study. The responses of 80 out of 167 managers were analyzed through various methods, including exploratory factor analysis, cross-tabulations, and bootstrapping.Findings– Evidently, regarding HRM roles and outcomes interaction, administrative experts tend to achieve primary outcomes whereas change strategists achieve transformational outcomes. Moreover, information technology (IT) users’ acceptance moderates the mediating effect of e-HRM goals on e-HRM outcomes.Research limitations/implications– The limited sample and the cross-sectional design of the study are its key limitations.Practical implications– The findings can facilitate HR manager’s effort to make the most out of e-HRM systems introduced, by stressing the influence of HR role adopted and IT users’ acceptance. Prior to e-HRM adoption, HR role and workforce must be prepared to fit, respectively, e-HRM goals and the expected outcomes. Additionally, apparently the outcomes to be realized through the adoption of e-HRM system may significantly differ in type, based on the goals set.Originality/value– Albeit expected e-HRM outcomes are multiple and crucial for organizations nowadays, extant evidence is scarce. The moderated mediation model indicates that e-HRM outcomes to be realized largely depend upon other HRM role and IT users’ acceptance, rather than e-HRM goals initially set.
Status, legitimacy, and the presence of outside directors in China
Authors: Chen Jiawen , Wu Han , Yao Xiaotao 
Published: June 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine firms’ early adoption decision regarding new practices, and what social factors – that is social status and political legitimacy – may influence decision processes under ambiguity.Design/methodology/approach– The study examines outside director presence among publicly listed firms in China between 1991 and 2000, using discrete time – event history analysis based on observation of 770 firms.Findings– Social status negatively influences early adoption decisions through the expectation of status enhancement, while political legitimacy is also influential because early adoptions are more attractive to firms in need of political access. Moreover, a firm’ political legitimacy moderates the effect of social status, due to their resource dependence on different stakeholders.Originality/value– This study’s findings provide important insights for research on diffusion models of new practices by identifying the social processes during early diffusion, and articulating different effects of status and legitimacy. It further emphasizes the sociopolitical perspectives and social motives of governance structure changes in emerging economies.
Managerial coaches, are they ready? The case of Malaysian telecommunications industry
Authors: Chong Chin Wei , Yuen Yee Yen , Tan Booi Chen , Zarim Zainal Abu , Hamid Norhasniza Abdul 
Published: June 2016

PurposeThis paper aims to identify the key competencies managerial coaches have and examine the significant competencies that affect coaching effectiveness in the Malaysian telecommunications industry.Design/methodology/approachThe unit of analysis was individual managerial coaches who were working in the Malaysian telecommunications industry. Among the 300 questionnaires distributed, a total of 140 were obtained and deemed sufficiently complete to be useable. Descriptive and multiple regression analyses were used to analyze the data.FindingsThe results indicated that leadership development is the most important function of managerial coaching, followed by communication. In addition, co-creating the relationship and effective communication are the critical categories of competencies for managerial coaching. Analysis from the regression highlighted that effective communication is the influencing factor on the coaching effectiveness, followed by facilitating learning, and results. The findings also shown that all the core competencies in setting foundation are the significant influencing factors.Research limitations/implicationsAnalyses relied on cross-sectional data and limits the generalizability of findings to other industries. The utilization of self-reported perceptual data may suffer from response bias.Practical implicationsThis paper highlights personal or professional coaching characteristics that might affect managerial leadership development. It also provides a list of important criteria for developing effective managerial coaching to assist Malaysian managerial coaches to build a world class workforce.Originality/valueUsing International Coach Foundation competency model, this study provides an insight on the important criteria to develop and select coaching managers effectively which ultimately lead to performance improvement in the organization.
Knowledge transfer in B-O-R-N Model to enhance computer learners’ learning outcomes in knowledge and cognitive skills
Authors: Duangchant Shatchaya , Kiattikomol Paiboon , Kaewkuekool Sittichai 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
The process of knowledge transfer under the B-O-R-N Model is based on the concepts of knowledge transfer and change of knowledge patterns to create new knowledge. It stimulates learners to learn under the process of knowledge transfer during the learning with an aim to allow learners to achieve the learning outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach
This study examines learning according to the B-O-R-N manual to test the effectiveness of learners’ outcomes in the domains of knowledge and learning outcomes for cognitive skills. The teaching is provided by three teachers, and the opinions of 97 sample respondents are surveyed after learning according to the B-O-R-N Model.

Findings
The effectiveness of learning outcomes in the domains of knowledge and learning outcomes for cognitive skills of the learners who were taught by different teachers was similar: the learners’ scores exceeded the set-up criteria in all aspects. Also, the learners were satisfied with the activities in the B-O-R-N Model at the highest level, which demonstrated that the knowledge transfer during the learning activities was an important factor which affected the learning outcomes of the undergraduate computer learners effectively.

Originality/value
The knowledge management which happens during the B-O-R-N Model process is the creation of the new learning environment which allows learners to learn together and use mixed skills that can be applied in real situations. It encourages learners to have sustainable learning and the potential to develop themselves, resulting in the development of the economy and a knowledge-based society, as well as the enhancement of the country’s competitiveness.
Tourism SMEs and organizational learning in a competitive environment
Authors: Imani Khoshkhoo Mohammad Hossein , Nadalipour Zahra 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to study the impact of increasing number of competitors on the organisational learning (OL) in tourism small and medium-sized enterprises. The focus of this study is the tourism and travel agencies (TTAs) of the City of Ahvaz where the OL was studied within TTAs insofar as increasing the number of competitors is concerned. The underlying question in this paper is whether or not the increasing number of competitors affects OL in TTAs of the City of Ahvaz.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a longitudinal survey, OL was studied at individual, group and organisational levels. The research is based upon quantitative and qualitative methods. Owing to the small number of samples, in addition to questionnaire and quantitative analysis, authors made use of in-depth interviews. The first research was conducted in 2012, while the second one was done in 2014.

Findings
It was found that in 2012, with its limited number of competitors in the market, learning in these organisations was desirable at individual level and not at group or organisational levels. On the other hand, both the quantitative and qualitative methods in 2014, with the increased number of TTAs, suggested that the quality of learning were desirable in all organisational levels in that year.

Research limitations/implications
Care should be taken in generalising the results of the research to other TTAs because the size of the sample in this study was small. Moreover, structure and performance of TTAs may be different among various regions. In addition to the said limitation, it must be noted that some variables such as experience, education and gender were not consider in analysing the results of the study. Furthermore, OL in the TTAs might be affected by other variables that were not considered in this study.

Originality/value
Originality of the study is to link “OL” to the “competition”. There is not any study with special focus on OL with approaching to competition, neither in travel and tourism literature nor in OL literature, and this study can be a starting point to raise further and future research and debates.
Consensus thermotolerance ranking for 110 Symbiodinium phylotypes: an exemplar utilization of a novel iterative partial‐rank aggregation tool with broad application potential
Authors: Swain Timothy D. , Chandler John , Backman Vadim , Marcelino Luisa 
Published: June 2016

Summary

Corals may reduce the effects of heat‐induced bleaching through associations with thermotolerant algal symbionts (Symbiodinium). Although hundreds of Symbiodinium genetic types (phylotypes) are known, thermotolerance has been systematically evaluated for small subsamples within individual reports, making consensus a challenging task.

Data on 110 phylotypes were aggregated from 35 reports, each assessing 2–24 phylotypes (median 4). One‐third of reports include ties (phylotypes with indistinguishable thermotolerance). Between reports, most phylotypes are unique (74% assessed once), most pairwise comparisons are unknown (relative thermotolerance for 15% of the possible 5995 phylotype pairs are evaluated) and many rankings are inconsistent (52% of 58 phylotype pairs assessed in more than one report are discordantly ranked).

Ranking of Symbiodinium phylotypes resulted in 64 thermotolerance cohorts (47 are single phylotypes, 17 contain 2–10 phylotypes with a median of 3 phylotypes) and indicates diverse thermotolerance capabilities within clades and among closely related phylotypes.

The iterative partial‐rank aggregation method (with error estimation) introduced here is broadly applicable to any quantitative consensus rank building problem where qualitative input ranks are not fully comprehensive nor resolved.

Reconstructions based on simulated data (mirroring the empirical data set) indicate robust predictive capabilities for resolving rankings (1·28 approximation of the true solution) and inferring unknown pairwise comparisons (83% correctly predicted pair rankings from only 16% known a priori).

Application to Symbiodinium phylotypes represents an additional tool to generate testable hypotheses on the role of symbiont thermotolerance in an ecosystem that is collapsing in the face of climate change and provides the first quantitative index of Symbiodinium thermotolerance and its associated uncertainty.

A Lay Summary is available for this article.
The Influence of the Degree of Rurality on EMR Adoption, by Physician Specialty
Authors: Whitacre Brian E. 
Published: June 2016

ObjectiveTo explore the influence of varying degrees of remoteness on practice‐level electronic medical record (EMR) adoption, including whether the effect differs across practice specialty.Data SourcesSurvey data on over 270,000 office‐based physician practices (representing over 1,250,000 providers) collected by SK&A information services during 2012.Study DesignThis study examined differences in EMR adoption by practices located across the nine‐category rural–urban continuum. Logistic regressions and associated marginal effects are used to assess how much a move up or down the rural–urban continuum code impacts the likelihood of EMR adoption, after controlling for characteristics likely to affect EMR adoption such as practice size and specialty.Principal FindingsOverall practice‐level EMR adoption rates generally increase with the degree of rurality and range from 47 percent in the most urban counties to over 60 percent in the most rural. Moving from the most urban county to the most rural corresponded to a 7 percent increase in the likelihood of EMR adoption (p < .01).ConclusionsEMR adoption rates do vary significantly across nonmetropolitan counties, and they generally increase as a practice becomes more rural. From a policy perspective, this suggests that urban practices may in fact be the lowest hanging remaining fruit for increasing EMR adoption rates.
Effect of Cooking on Isoflavones, Phenolic Acids, and Antioxidant Activity in Sprouts of Prosoy Soybean (Glycine max)
Authors: Kumari Shweta , Chang Sam K. C. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSoy sprouts possess health benefits and is required to be cooked before consumption. The effects of cooking on the phenolic components and antioxidant properties of soy sprouts with different germination days were investigated. A food‐grade cultivar Prosoy with a high protein content was germinated for 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 d and cooked till palatable for 20, 20, 5, 5, and 7 min, respectively. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC), condensed tannins content (CTC), individual phenolic acids, isoflavones, DPPH, ferric‐reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) of raw and cooked sprouts were measured. Cooking caused significant losses in phenolic content and antioxidant activities, and maximum loss was on day 3 > 5 > 7, including TPC (32%, 23%, and 15%), TFC (50%, 44%, and 20%), CTC (73%, 47%, and 12%), DPPH (31%, 15%, and 5%), FRAP (34%, 25%, and 1%), and ORAC (34%, 22%, 32%), respectively. Cooking caused significant losses in most individual phenolic acid, benzoic group, cinnamic group, total phenolic composition, individual isoflavones, and total isoflavones. The losses of phenolic acids such as gallic, protocatechuic, hydroxybenzoic, syringic, chlorogenic, or sinapic acids during cooking were not compensated by the increases in trihydroxybenzoic, vanillic or coumaric acids on certain days of germination. Cooking caused minimal changes in phenolic acid composition of day 1 and 2 sprouts compared to 3, 5, and 7 d sprouts.
Variability and Trends in Runoff Efficiency in the Conterminous United States
Authors: McCabe Gregory J. , Wolock David M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractVariability and trends in water‐year runoff efficiency (RE) — computed as the ratio of water‐year runoff (streamflow per unit area) to water‐year precipitation — in the conterminous United States (CONUS) are examined for the 1951 through 2012 period. Changes in RE are analyzed using runoff and precipitation data aggregated to United States Geological Survey 8‐digit hydrologic cataloging units (HUs). Results indicate increases in RE for some regions in the north‐central CONUS and large decreases in RE for the south‐central CONUS. The increases in RE in the north‐central CONUS are explained by trends in climate, whereas the large decreases in RE in the south‐central CONUS likely are related to groundwater withdrawals from the Ogallala aquifer to support irrigated agriculture.
The Socio‐Cultural Impact of the War of American Independence on Liverpool, 1775‐83
Authors: Hill Simon 
Published: June 2016

AbstractMuch has been written about how the American Revolutionary War affected the British Isles. However, Liverpool (arguably the second city of empire) rarely features within such literature. This article redresses this oversight, and considers the socio‐cultural impact of the war on the town. Liverpool will illustrate three key themes: first, that, contrary to some suggestions, eighteenth‐century warfare did impact on British society; second, that both the localities and the central fiscal‐military state influenced the agenda; third, that warfare generated division and unity. This third point has important implications for our understanding of British opinion, imperial ideology and national identity c.1775‐83.
camtrapR: an R package for efficient camera trap data management
Authors: Niedballa Jürgen , Sollmann Rahel , Courtiol Alexandre , Wilting Andreas 
Published: June 2016

SummaryCamera trapping is a widely applied method to study mammalian biodiversity and is still gaining popularity. It can quickly generate large amounts of data which need to be managed in an efficient and transparent way that links data acquisition with analytical tools.We describe the free and open‐source R packagecamtrapR, a new toolbox for flexible and efficient management of data generated in camera trap‐based wildlife studies. The package implements a complete workflow for processing camera trapping data. It assists in image organization, species and individual identification, data extraction from images, tabulation and visualization of results and export of data for subsequent analyses. There is no limitation to the number of images stored in this data management system; the system is portable and compatible across operating systems.The functions provide extensive automation to minimize data entry mistakes and, apart from species and individual identification, require minimal manual user input. Species and individual identification are performed outside the R environment, either via tags assigned in dedicated image management software or by moving images into species directories.Input for occupancy and (spatial) capture–recapture analyses for density and abundance estimation, for example in the R packagesunmarkedorsecr, is computed in a flexible and reproducible manner. In addition, survey summary reports can be generated, spatial distributions of records can be plotted and exported togissoftware, and single‐ and two‐species activity patterns can be visualized.camtrapRallows for streamlined and flexible camera trap data management and should be most useful to researchers and practitioners who regularly handle large amounts of camera trapping data.
Scandinavian SSAI clinical practice guideline on pre‐hospital airway management
Authors: Rehn M. , Hyldmo P. K. , Magnusson V. , Kurola J. , Kongstad P. , Rognås L. , Juvet L. K. , Sandberg M. 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundThe Scandinavian society of anaesthesiology and intensive care medicine task force on pre‐hospital airway management was asked to formulate recommendations following standards for trustworthy clinical practice guidelines.MethodsThe literature was systematically reviewed and the grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) system was applied to move from evidence to recommendations.ResultsWe recommend that all emergency medical service (EMS) providers consider to: apply basic airway manoeuvres and airway adjuncts (good practice recommendation); turn unconscious non‐trauma patients into the recovery position when advanced airway management is unavailable (good practice recommendation); turn unconscious trauma patients to the lateral trauma position while maintaining spinal alignment when advanced airway management is unavailable [strong recommendation, low quality of evidence (QoE)]. We suggest that intermediately trained providers use a supraglottic airway device (SAD) or basic airway manoeuvres on patients in cardiac arrest (weak recommendation, low QoE). We recommend that advanced trained providers consider using an SAD in selected indications or as a rescue device after failed endotracheal intubation (ETI) (good practice recommendation). We recommend that ETI should only be performed by advanced trained providers (strong recommendation, low QoE). We suggest that videolaryngoscopy is considered for ETI when direct laryngoscopy fails or is expected to be difficult (weak recommendation, low QoE). We suggest that advanced trained providers apply cricothyroidotomy in ‘cannot intubate, cannot ventilate’ situations (weak recommendation, low QoE).ConclusionThis guideline for pre‐hospital airway management includes a combination of techniques applied in a stepwise fashion appropriate to patient clinical status and provider training.