bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge Perception and Utilisation of Labour Analgesia Among Antenatal Clinic Attendees in a Tertiary Centre in Makurdi, North-Central Nigeria
Authors: Irowa Omoregie , Ukpabi Daniel Eje , Emoekpere Hilary Oyarebu , Ugboaja Chisa Uzoamaka , Itodo Peter Echo , Orshio Donald Uga 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Labour pain management forms an integral part of modern obstetric practice. Despite the availability of various forms of obstetric analgesia in Nigeria, reports indicate poor knowledge, awareness, and utilisation of labour analgesia among the obstetric population.

Objective:
To determine the knowledge, perception, utilisation, and factors affecting utilisation of labour analgesia among antenatal clinic attendees at the Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Makurdi.

Materials and Methods:
This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted among 421 consecutively consenting antenatal patients in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the FMC, Makurdi, between March 1 to July 31, 2023. Data were collected using an interviewer-guided questionnaire, analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0, and results were presented in textual form and tables.

Results:
About 47% (199) of the study participants perceived labour pain as the worst possible pain. Only 18.3% (77) of the study participants were knowledgeable about labour analgesia, while just 6.4% (27) of the study participants had ever used it. On multiple logistics regression, the knowledge of labour pain relief (adjusted odd’s ratio [aOR] 0.090, CI = 0.038−0.215, P < 0.001) and mode of previous delivery (aOR 0.292, CI = 0.114−0.750, P < 0.011) were the factors affecting the utilisation of labour analgesia among study participants.

Conclusion:
There is poor knowledge and utilisation of labour analgesia among antenatal patients. Incorporation of labour analgesia into existing protocols and enhancing health education on labour analgesia as part of antenatal health talks can create awareness of labour analgesia among antenatal patients.
Effect of adding sodium bicarbonate 8.4% to local anesthesia on pain during upper canine infiltration
Authors: Abou Agwa Tarek , Sakka Salah , Al-Jundi Azzam , Gazal Giath 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Alkalization of local anesthetics may have an impact on alleviating the injection pain by buffering these solutions with sodium bicarbonate. The present study aimed to evaluate the pain during local anesthetic buccal infiltration for the maxillary canines after adding sodium bicarbonate 8.4% during local anesthesia.

Materials and Methods:
A buffered 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine and sodium bicarbonate 8.4% was used for one site, and an unbuffered 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine was used for the other site at the same appointment. Two groups of volunteers (15 male and 15 female) participated. Each participant received 0.6 mL of the anesthetic solution. Injection discomfort was assessed using a visual analog scale.

Results:
73% and 93% of patients in group 1 experienced pain in sites A and B, respectively, during the injection, whereas 80% and 100% of patients in group 2 experienced pain in sites A and B, respectively, during the injection. Both groups showed a significant difference in pain scores between the two injected sites (P ˂ 0.01).

Conclusion:
Upper canine infiltration anesthesia with buffered lidocaine and epinephrine with sodium bicarbonate has less pain during injection than when unbuffered lidocaine with epinephrine is used.
Effects of adding intravenous midazolam to a dual postoperative nausea and vomiting regimen in patients undergoing breast surgery: A pragmatic randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mingvoramethakul Kullaporn , Kampitak Wirinaree , Anusorntanawat Ratikorn , Charoenraj Pornarun , Songborassamee Nattaporn , Wongsupha Punyanuch 
Published: October 2024

Background:
For high-risk patients, adding a third antiemetic drug to dual postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) prophylaxis is controversial. Given the established antiemetic properties of midazolam, this study compared the combination of low-dose dexamethasone-ondansetron and midazolam with high-dose dexamethasone-ondansetron.

Methods:
A total of 300 female patients scheduled for breast surgery were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups. The DO group received dexamethasone 8 mg and ondansetron 4 mg, whereas the DOM group received dexamethasone 4 mg, ondansetron 4 mg, and midazolam 0.04 mg/kg. The primary outcome was the incidence of PONV within 24 h. Secondary outcomes were PONV severity, antiemetic requirement, blood glucose levels, satisfaction and sedation scores, time to eye opening and extubation, pain outcome, and sore throat.

Results:
Primary outcome analysis included 298 patients. Incidence of PONV within the first 24 h after surgery occurred in 52 of 150 (35%) patients in the DO group and 33 of 148 (22%) patients in the DOM group (adjusted risk ratio, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.45–0.88; P = 0.007). The antiemetic requirement was significantly greater in the DO group compared with the DOM group (P = 0.034). However, a significantly higher sedation level and longer time for eye-opening and extubation were observed in the DOM group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Compared to high-dose dexamethasone and ondansetron alone, midazolam combined with low-dose dexamethasone and ondansetron decreased the incidence of PONV in patients undergoing breast surgery; however, it increased the sedation level in the early postoperative period.
Unveiling the Correlation between Transferrin Saturation and Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients’ Outcomes: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Al Sulaiman Khalid , Aljuhani Ohoud , Korayem Ghazwa B , Alissa Abdulrahman , Altebainawi Ali F. , Alzahrani Maram A. , Alqahtani Rahaf , AlFaifi Mashael , Almagthali Alaa , Abu Esba Laila , Alhamazani Atheer , Alenazi Abeer A. , Alalawi Mai , Alsamhan Abdulrahman , Alonazi Shaden H. , Alenezi Aljawharah M. , Alanazi Raghad A. , Altuhayni Layan B. , Alzahrani Shahad S. , Vishwakarma Ramesh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) often have cytokine storms, manifested with elevated levels of proinflammatory biomarkers and hyperferritinemia. Systemic inflammation significantly limits the iron availability for erythropoiesis, which may disturb iron homeostasis and affect clinical outcomes. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of iron hemostasis on the clinical outcomes of critically ill patients with COVID-19.

Materials and Methods:
A multicenter, retrospective cohort study was conducted and included critically ill adult COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs) from March 2020 to July 2021. Patients were categorized based on transferrin saturation (TSAT) during their ICU stay (TSAT < 20% vs. TSAT ≥ 20%). The primary outcome was the in-hospital mortality, while other outcomes were considered secondary.

Results:
After propensity score matching (PSM) (1:1 ratio), 46 patients were included in the final analysis. In-hospital mortality was not statistically significantly different between the two groups (OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.29–2.87; P = 0.88). Patients with TSAT ≥ 20% had a longer mechanical ventilation duration (beta coefficient 0.11; 95% CI, −0.54–0.76; P = 0.19); however, it did not reach statistical significance. Moreover, the ICU length of stay (LOS) and hospital LOS were not statistically significant in patients with a TSAT ≥ 20%.

Conclusion:
Our results show no significant differences in clinical outcomes between patients with TSAT levels ≥20% and those with TSAT < 20%. Larger prospective studies are needed to verify these findings and evaluate the effect of iron correction on anemic patients’ outcomes.
Observing INR Results in Patients Who Switched from Brand-Name to Generic Warfarin during the COVID-19 Pandemic at KAMC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlSehli Faisal A. , Aljohani Badr , Albakr Maha A , Aljarallah Gadah S , Alajlan Reema M , Bawazeer Mona Abubakr , Albalawi Maram M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Since the global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), multiple challenges have faced the medical field, including the suspension of numerous drug companies, leading to a shortage in drug supplies to hospitals. Hospitals were required to use a bioequivalent generic form of a drug for continuing treatment of the patients.

Objective:
This study assessed the International Normalized Ratio (INR) score for the patients who were switched from Coumadin® (Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma Company), brand-name warfarin, to a generic form of warfarin in the anticoagulant clinic due to the shortage of Coumadin® during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective, cross-sectional chart review study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Patients who switched from Coumadin® to generic warfarin from February 2020 to February 2021 were included. This study compared the brand-name and generic forms of warfarin to determine their effectiveness and if the generic form can be used as a therapeutic equivalent. All the data were collected from the electronic health records in KAMC. Each patient file was reviewed for the INR results before and after the switch of warfarin to determine if there was a mean difference between the two variables.

Results:
In total, 2,197 patients’ medical records were reviewed, yielding 15,499 INR values. The majority (n = 1,362, 80.4%) of the 1,709 mechanical valve INRs were low (INR < 2.1), and 10,697 (77.5%) of the non-mechanical valve INR values were low (INR < 1.6). The Wilcoxon two-sample test was used to evaluate the change in the INR value before and after the switch. The results demonstrate that there is a statistical significance between the effectiveness of Coumadin and generic warfarin. The P values were 0.026 and <0.0001 for the mechanical valve group and the non-mechanical valve group, respectively.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study indicate that there is a significant difference between the effectiveness of Coumadin and generic warfarin.
Spatial Behaviors and Mental Representations: Interactions of artistic and scientific perspectives
Authors: Guelton Bernard , Quesnot Teriitutea , Boissarie Xavier , Herbet Aurélie 
Published: October 2024

Contemporary artistic research has successively integrated preoccupations with the experimentation of space and mobility, as well as collective interactions between participants in situations of proximity or remoteness. In the scientific field, an important part of spatial cognition study has recently turned towards understanding the collective aspects of spatial cognition, integrating an understanding of the acquisition of spatial knowledge and studying cognitive maps, as well as research on navigation and individual and collective memorization. In both cases, spatial behaviors and mental representations are fundamental focuses. Using CORES research combining artistic and scientific perspectives as an example, we clarify specific differences within a framework common to the arts and sciences. This article will develop three points: 1) Artistic and scientific research contexts, 2) Interactions between artistic and scientific perspectives, 3) Proposal of a 7-step joint arts and sciences research cycle. In so doing, this study aims to counter the divide between the artistic and scientific fields by demonstrating a shared creative dynamic.
Movable Singularity of Some Hamiltonian Systems Associated with Blowup Phenomena
Authors: Yoshino Masafumi 
Published: October 2024

The motivation for this paper comes from a blowup problem for a semi-linear wave equation and a heat equation. Following an idea of J. Leray, we study a radially symmetric self-similar solution which has singularities on the characteristic cone. This naturally leads to the study of a Hamiltonian system called a profile equation. The novelty of this paper is that we focus on the movable singularity of the Hamiltonian system and we use Borel summability in constructing a singular solution. By “movable singularity” we mean that the singularity does not appear in the coefficients of the equation and depends on the respective solution. In the proof of our theorem we reduce the Hamiltonian system to a simpler form by a method similar to the so-called Birkhoff reduction. We obtain the parametrization of a singular solution by an elementary function. We also give applications to a semi-linear wave equation and a heat equation.
Ketogenic diet - A gateway to optimize aerobic and anaerobic athletic performance
Authors: Kaur Dilpreet , Alzahrani Abdullah , Alhusayni Abdullah , Ahsan Mohammad 
Published: October 2024

This narrative review aims to highlight the effect of the Ketogenic diet on aerobic and anaerobic athletic performance. This paper adopts a narrative approach exposing the results of approximately 40 earlier studies to define the scope of applying the ketogenic diet as a nutritional therapy, aiming to aid recovery from fatigue or muscle damage caused by exercise and to increase aerobic and anaerobic performance. A ketogenic diet appears better suited for lower-intensity physical activities conducted in a balanced or moderate state of energy demand. However, there is a lack of consensus on its compatibility with strength exercises that require maximal bursts of energy. These investigations should explore its effects on performance, health, and body composition compared to other dietary approaches. Ultimately, a better understanding of the ketogenic diet's benefits and limitations will help athletes and individuals make informed decisions about its adoption for optimizing their health and athletic goals.
Keywords: Injuries, ketogenic, ketosis, aerobic exercises, anaerobic exercises, muscle damage
PENDAMPINGAN TKA/TPA AL- JIHAD PADA ANAK USIA DINI DALAM MENINGKATKAN NILAI- NILAI KEAGAMAAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BEBERAPA METODE PEMBELAJAR DI DESA MUARA KEC.TONRA KAB. BONE
Authors: Astuti Tri , Nurwahidah Nurwahidah 
Published: October 2024

Salah satu permasalahan yang ada di Desa Muara, Kec. Tonra, Kab. Bone khususnya bagi anak usia dini adalah kurangnya kepedulian orang tua terhadap anaknya sehingga anak tersebut kurang memahami nilai keagamaan. pembinaan TK/ TPA dilaksankan dihari- hari tertentu dikarekan desa tersebut jauh dari perkotaan. Dalam hal ini orang tua yang seharusnya sebagai faktor utama dalam memberikan pendidikan kepada anak khususnya mengenai pendidikan agama ternyata tidak bisa menjalankan perannya dengan maksimal. Sehingga orang tua mengalihkan peranannya tersebut di TK/TPA. Anak Usia dini adalah anak yang berada pada rentan usia 0- 6 tahun. hal ini dalam menanamkan niali- nilai keagamaan bagi anak usia dini secara cepat untuk memahami adalah dengan menggunakan beberapa metode pembelajaran seperti memberikan gambar dan huruf- huruf hijaiyah yang berwarna sehingga anak tersebut mudah memahaminya.
Features of the implementation of the ecosystem approach in the development of small towns in Russia
Authors: Шкодинский С.В. , Фонина Т.Б. , Малиновский Л.Ф. 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются теоретико-методологические основы и предлагаются практико-ориентированные меры по применению экосистемного подхода в развитии малых городов. Приводится определение понятия малого города, определен перечень проблем в развитии региональной экономики. На основе краткого обзора передового междугородного опыта показана значимость обеспечения синергии в стимулировании социально-экономического развития малых городов. Для реализации опережающих решений предлагается применение экосистемного подхода в развитии малых городов и описаны особенности его реализации. Определены ключевые элементы экосистемного механизма в развитии малых городов, включающие долгосрочную взаимную заинтересованность вовлеченных сторон и платформенный подход к цифровому управлению. Обращено внимание на значимость цифровизации в стимулировании экосистем развития малых городов, включая применение аналитики больших данных, облачных хранилищ и геоинформационных систем, добавляющих гибкости и адаптивности экосистемным партнерствам. Констатируется высокая ожидаемая результативность предлагаемых инструментов и мер, направленных и на выход экономики малых городов из системно-структурного кризиса, и на стимулирование опережающего развития и экономического роста.
The article considers the theoretical and methodological foundations and proposes practice-oriented measures for the application of the ecosystem approach in the development of small towns. The concept of a small town is defined, a list of development problems and characteristics of significance for the regional economy is determined. Based on a brief review of advanced intercity experience, the importance of ensuring synergy in stimulating the socio-economic development of small towns is shown. To implement advanced solutions, it is proposed to use the ecosystem approach in the development of small towns and the features of its implementation are described. The characteristics of the ecosystem synergy effect expected from the application of the ecosystem approach are described. The key elements of the ecosystem mechanism in the development of small towns are identified and substantiated, including long-term mutual interest of the parties involved and a platform approach to digital governance. Attention is drawn to the importance of digitalization in stimulating the development ecosystems of small towns, including the use of big data analytics, cloud storage and geographic information systems that add flexibility and adaptability to ecosystem partnerships. The high expected effectiveness of the proposed instruments and measures aimed at both the exit of the small town economy from the systemic-structural crisis and the stimulation of accelerated development and economic growth is stated.
Trends and features of countering modern forms of extremism
Authors: Таков А.З. 
Published: October 2024

В статье анализируются тенденции противодействия современным формам экстремизма. Экстремизм можно расценивать как одно из опаснейших для мировой безопасности явлений, которое угрожает не какому-то одному срезу или сегменту общества, но всему социуму, при этом урон наносят не только сами противоправные поступки, но и негативное влияние на общепризнанные моральные ценности и традиции, постепенно искажающее или разрушающее их. В последние годы прослеживаются не просто активизация экстремистских организаций, но и расширение их инструментов деятельности, к которым, кроме религии, прибавились научные достижения. На этом фоне отчетливо видны недостатки актуальной законодательной базы, которая не регламентирует механизм и способы противодействия экстремизму с учетом форм проявления и конкретных задач. Установлено, что борьба с экстремизмом должна подразумевать внедрение продуманной системы превентивных мер.
The article analyzes the trends in countering modern forms of extremism. Extremism can be regarded as one of the most dangerous phenomena for world security, which threatens not just one section or segment of society, but the entire society, while not only illegal acts themselves cause damage, but also a negative impact on universally recognized moral values and traditions, gradually distorting or destroying them. In recent years, there has been not only the activation of extremist organizations, but also the expansion of their instruments of activity, to which, in addition to religion, scientific achievements have been added. Against this background, the shortcomings of the current legislative framework are clearly visible, which does not regulate the mechanism and methods of countering extremism, taking into account the forms of manifestation and specific tasks. It has been established that the fight against extremism should involve the introduction of a well-thought-out system of preventive measures.
Legal and tactical bases of the use of physical force against the offender
Authors: Карданов А.А. 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассмотрены правомерность и тактическая обоснованность применения сотрудниками полиции физической силы в адрес правонарушителя. Умение применять физическую силу в адрес правонарушителя положительно влияет на выполнение служебных задач и значительно облегчает их, так как, согласно статистике, около 70 % злоумышленников оказывают сопротивление при задержании. Обеспечение физической безопасности во многом зависит от уровня развития физических навыков и их поддержания уже в рамках несения службы. Именно физическая подготовка дает возможность личному составу эффективно выполнять служебно-оперативные задачи, минимизируя риски и влияние стресса на организм.
The article examines the legality and tactical validity of the use of physical force by police officers against the offender. The ability to use physical force against an offender has a positive effect on the performance of official tasks and greatly facilitates them, since, according to statistics, about 70% of intruders resist arrest. Ensuring physical security largely depends on the level of development of physical skills and their maintenance already within the framework of service. It is physical training that makes it possible for personnel to effectively perform official and operational tasks, minimizing risks and the impact of stress on the body.
Training students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in practical shooting skills in fire training classes
Authors: Чочаев Т.Х. , Репин В.А. , Носатый Р.И. 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются особенности обучения слушателей образовательных организаций МВД России навыкам практической стрельбы на занятиях по огневой подготовке. Отмечается, что огневая подготовка слушателей образовательных организаций МВД России требует не только грамотного подхода к изучению тактики самой стрельбы, но и умения работать с окружающими объектами, получения двигательных навыков, которые в идеале следует довести до автоматизма. Для выработки этих навыков необходимо организовать процесс обучения таким образом, чтобы сформировать у слушателей навыки практической стрельбы.
The article discusses the features of teaching students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia practical shooting skills in fire training classes. It is noted that the fire training of students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia requires not only a competent approach to studying the tactics of shooting itself, but also the ability to work with surrounding objects, obtaining motor skills, which ideally should be brought to automatism. To develop these skills, it is necessary to organize the learning process in such a way as to form students’ practical shooting skills.