bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Ultrawide Bandwidth Digital Backend System Based on PFB Algorithm for QTT
Authors: Zhang Hai-long , Zhang Ya-zhou , Guo Shao-cong , Du Xu , Wang Na , Wang Jie , Ye Xin-chen , Wu Han , Li Jian , Pei Xin , Meng Qiao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
For the planning of the QiTai radio Telescope ultrawide bandwidth low-frequency pulsar receiving system, we designed and implemented a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)+CPU/GPU hybrid architecture digital backend system based on the Polyphase FilterBank (PFB) channeling algorithm. We used the FPGA signal acquisition and processing platform to implement ultrawide bandwidth signal sampling and designed the PFB algorithm to realize the digital channelization of multiple analog bandwidth signals. We also developed data encapsulation and multichannel parallel distribution firmware algorithms and realized the real-time parallel transmission of high-speed astronomical data streams based on the VLBI Data Interchange Format. We developed the Ultra Wide bandwidth Low-frequency pulsar data process PIPEline, which realized the real-time processing and data packaging of massive pulsar signals. Using the L-band (964–1732 MHz bandwidth) receiving system of the Nanshan 26 m radio telescope, we conducted a systematic test on the designed digital backend system and obtained high-quality observation data. By using the professional pulsar data processing software DSPSR to process the observation data, we obtained high signal-to-noise ratio pulse profiles.
Improved Empirical Backgrounds for JWST NIRISS Image/Wide-field Slitless Spectroscopy Data Reduction
Authors: Hviding Raphael E. , Momcheva Ivelina G. , Clarke Leonardo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a versatile instrument for collecting imaging and wide-field slitless spectroscopy (WFSS) data for surveys of galaxy clusters, emission-line galaxies, stellar populations, and more. Dispersed zodiacal light imprints distinct structures on space-based near-infrared imaging and WFSS observations, necessitating careful subtraction during JWST NIRISS data reduction. As of 2024 September 24 NIRISS WFSS calibration backgrounds introduce significant spatially dependent artifacts, up to 5% of the overall background level, which can severely affect data quality and following astronomical analysis. Notably, there are no existing backgrounds for NIRISS imaging data, which also show systematic artifacts, such as the “light saber” effect. In this work, we present improved empirical JWST NIRISS imaging and WFSS backgrounds derived from all available public data in the F115W, F150W, and F200W filters. We demonstrate that our empirical backgrounds provide a more accurate representation of the background structure in NIRISS imaging and WFSS data than existing reference files, mitigating the impact of spatially dependent artifacts. Our empirical backgrounds are publicly available and can be used to improve the quality of JWST NIRISS imaging and WFSS data reduction.
Stellar Models are Reliable at Low Metallicity: An Asteroseismic Age for the Ancient Very Metal-poor Star KIC 8144907
Authors: Huber Daniel , Slumstrup Ditte , Hon Marc , Li Yaguang , Børsen-Koch Victor Aguirre , Bedding Timothy R. , Joyce Meridith , Ong J. M. Joel , Serenelli Aldo , Stello Dennis , Berger Travis , Grunblatt Samuel K. , Greklek-McKeon Michael , Hirano Teruyuki , Kirby Evan N. , Pinsonneault Marc H. , Alencastro Puls Arthur , Zinn Joel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Very-metal-poor stars ([Fe/H] < −2) are important laboratories for testing stellar models and reconstructing the formation history of our galaxy. Asteroseismology is a powerful tool to probe stellar interiors and measure ages, but few asteroseismic detections are known in very-metal-poor stars and none have allowed detailed modeling of oscillation frequencies. We report the discovery of a low-luminosity Kepler red giant (KIC 8144907) with high signal-to-noise ratio oscillations, [Fe/H] = −2.66 ± 0.08 and [α/Fe] = 0.38 ± 0.06, making it by far the most metal-poor star to date for which detailed asteroseismic modeling is possible. By combining the oscillation spectrum from Kepler with high-resolution spectroscopy, we measure an asteroseismic mass and age of 0.79 ± 0.02(ran) ± 0.01(sys) M
⊙ and 12.0 ± 0.6(ran) ± 0.4(sys) Gyr, with remarkable agreement across different codes and input physics, demonstrating that stellar models and asteroseismology are reliable for very-metal-poor stars when individual frequencies are used. The results also provide a direct age anchor for the early formation of the Milky Way, implying that substantial star formation did not commence until redshift z ≈ 3 (if the star formed in situ) or that the Milky Way has undergone merger events for at least ≈12 Gyr (if the star was accreted by a dwarf satellite merger such as Gaia-Enceladus).
Accreting Neutron Stars in 3D General-relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations: Jets, Magnetic Polarity, and the Interchange Slingshot
Authors: Parfrey Kyle , Tchekhovskoy Alexander 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Accreting neutron stars differ from black holes by the presence of the star’s own magnetic field, whose interaction with the accretion flow is a central component in understanding these systems’ disk structure, outflows, jets, and spin evolution. It also introduces an additional degree of freedom, as the stellar dipole can have any orientation relative to the inner disk’s magnetic field. We present a suite of 3D general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations in which we investigate the two extreme polarities, with the dipole field being either parallel or antiparallel to the initial disk field, in both the accreting and propeller states. When the magnetosphere truncates the disk near or beyond the corotation radius, most of the system’s properties, including the relativistic jet power, are independent of the star–disk relative polarity. However, when the disk extends well inside the corotation radius, in the parallel orientation the jet power is suppressed and the inner disk is less dense and more strongly magnetized. We suggest a physical mechanism that may account for this behavior—the interchange slingshot—and discuss its astrophysical implications. When the star is in the rapidly accreting regime, which in most cases will be associated with strong spin-up, we expect large observational differences between the two magnetic orientations. This may be reflected in increased variability as the accretion flow drags in successive magnetic structures of varying polarity.
Can Supernovae from Runaway Stars Mimic the Signs of Absorbing “Supervirial” Gas?
Authors: Bisht Mukesh Singh , Banerjee Projjwal , Nath Biman B. , Shchekinov Yuri 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The recent detection of large column density absorption lines from highly ionized gas in a few directions through the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of the Milky Way (MW) has been puzzling. The inferred temperature from these absorption lines far exceeds the virial temperature of the MW, and the column densities are also too large to be easily explained. In this paper, we propose a novel idea to explain these observations and claim that they may not have originated from the CGM, but from a totally different type of source, namely, stellar ejecta from supernovae (SNe) above the Galactic disk that happen to lie in the line of sight to the background quasars. About ∼20% of massive OB stars (progenitors of core-collapse supernovae) are known to be runaway stars that have high ejection velocities near the Galactic plane and can end up exploding as SNe above the Galactic disk. We show that the associated reverse shock in the supernova remnant in the early nonradiative phase can heat the ejecta to temperatures of ≳107 K and can naturally explain the observed high column density of ions in the observed “supervirial” phase along with α-enriched supersolar abundance that is typical of core-collapse supernovae. However, SNe from runaway stars has a covering fraction of ≲0.7% and thus can only explain the observations along limited sightlines.
Constraints on Compact Dark Matter from the Nonobservation of Gravitational-wave Strong Lensing
Authors: Barsode A. , Kapadia S. J. , Ajith P. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We use the nonobservation of strong lensing of gravitational waves (GWs) in the first three observation runs of the LIGO and Virgo detectors to constrain the fraction of dark matter in the form of compact objects (COs) in the mass range 106−109
M
⊙. Using a Bayesian formalism supplemented by astrophysical simulations of strong lensing of GWs, we constrain the compact dark matter fraction to ≲0.4−0.6 with currently available data and show that they may get significantly tighter in the future. We find that multiple lensing—i.e., GWs getting deflected by multiple COs on their way to us—is possible. By ignoring this, we underestimate the constraints by a few percent.
Rhétorique et psychologie, le pari de l’interdisciplinarité à propos du complotisme
Authors: Donckier de Donceel Lucie 
Published: October 2024

Le complotisme est désormais un phénomène central dans nos sociétés démocratiques, dans le monde académique et dans la société civile. Tous et toutes semblent a priori concorder, il faudrait pouvoir lutter contre la présence et diffusion des théories du complot dans l’espace public. Si cet objectif est globalement partagé, la question de comment procéder reste floue. Nous pensons, à l’instar d’autres, que l’interdisciplinarité est l’une des voies pour y arriver. Cette voie présente cependant de nombreux défis dont l’un des premiers est la compréhension réciproque. Dans cet article, nous proposons une réflexion dans cette direction : nous essayerons de montrer que l’approche psychologique et l’approche rhétorique du complotisme peuvent dialoguer et se comprendre.
Energy Solidarity Revisited
Authors: Przybojewska Ilona 
Published: October 2024

The chapter discusses the concept of energy solidarity in light of new developments stemming from a new growth strategy – the European Green Deal (EUGD). It commences with presenting a conceptual framework of the notion of energy solidarity, including EU law, as well as the judicial acquis of the European Court of Justice, thereby uncovering and describing the dynamic orientation of that notion. It also analyses fundamental assumptions of EUGD. Examination of the basic stipulations of the EUGD is then followed by discussing energy security and energy solidarity in the context of those assumptions. The chapter concludes that EUGD does not sufficiently take into account the fact that EU climate policy may adversely affect the other components of the triad of energy security, which may undermine the significance of the principle of energy solidarity, but also jeopardize the energy security.
Climate Change, Access to Information and the Mechanism of a Confirmatory Review: Mounting Discrepancies
Authors: Paloniitty Tiina 
Published: October 2024

The European Union is a party to the Aarhus Convention. The EU is, however, known for its lack of ambition when it comes to fulfilling the environmental and human rights secured in the Convention. This paper discusses access to information as it is realised in the EU Commission’s confirmatory review decisions with regard to the Aarhus Convention from 2017–2020, with a focus on access to documents relevant to climate change. It is found that the Commission has used not only the inherent features of climate change but also the chosen regulatory strategies against information transparency, resulting in a situation where access to climate information is even more restricted than access to other environmental information, jeopardising the coherence of the EU legal system in this regard. In practice, the Commission interpreted the pivotal ‘emission into the environment’ test so that information relevant to climate change – witnessed in global scale processes, and commonly regulated with quotas and reference values – falls outside of it. As the Commission also upheld the tradition of submitting transparency to commercial interests or confidentiality of infringement procedures, the procedural human rights that the Convention ought to secure have been compromised. Although the 2021 revision improved the norms of the Aarhus Regulation concerning access to justice, it unfortunately did not do the same for the clauses on access to information, leaving the improvement of the situation in the hands of the interpreter.
Inventing the savage: the Sapara people of the Ecuadorian Amazon in 19th-century travel writing
Authors: Rosado-Valencia Erika , Jansen Silke , Gerique-Zipfel Andrés 
Published: October 2024

In this article, we examine the discursive construction of the Sapara people of the Ecuadorian Amazon in the writings of travelers who explored the region in the second half of the 19th century. We focus mainly on the ways in which these writings reflect prevailing ideologies of the time, according to which “civilized” human societies could be distinguished from “savage” ones. In doing this, we analyze the representation of different aspects of the Sapara culture, such as agriculture and working habits, gender relations and sexual practices and the art of war and leisure. We frame our analysis in the theoretical proposal of Irvine and Gal for the ideological construction of cultural difference through the semiotic processes known as rhematization, fractal recursivity, and erasure.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid enhances miR-21-5p loading into adipose-derived stem cell extracellular vesicles to alleviate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via TXNIP regulation
Authors: Wang Feng-Dan , Ding Yi , Zhou Jian-Hong , Zhou En , Zhang Tian-Tian , Fan Yu-Qi , He Qing , Zhang Zong-Qi , Mao Cheng-Yu , Zhang Jun-Feng , Zhou Jing 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) poses a prevalent challenge in current reperfusion therapies, with an absence of efficacious interventions to address the underlying causes.
AIM
To investigate whether the extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) derived from subcutaneous inguinal adipose tissue (IAT) under γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) induction (GABA-EVsIAT) demonstrate a more pronounced inhibitory effect on mitochondrial oxidative stress and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
METHODS
We investigated the potential protective effects of EVs derived from mouse ADSCs pretreated with GABA. We assessed cardiomyocyte injury using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling and Annexin V/propidium iodide assays. The integrity of cardiomyocyte mitochondria morphology was assessed using electron microscopy across various intervention backgrounds. To explore the functional RNA diversity between EVsIAT and GABA-EVsIAT, we employed microRNA (miR) sequencing. Through a dual-luciferase reporter assay, we confirmed the molecular mechanism by which EVs mediate thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP). Western blotting and immunofluorescence were conducted to determine how TXNIP is involved in mediation of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
RESULTS
Our study demonstrates that, under the influence of GABA, ADSCs exhibit an increased capacity to encapsulate a higher abundance of miR-21-5p within EVs. Consequently, this leads to a more pronounced inhibitory effect on mitochondrial oxidative stress compared to EVs from ADSCs without GABA intervention, ultimately resulting in myocardial protection. On a molecular mechanism level, EVs regulate the expression of TXNIP and mitigating excessive oxidative stress in mitochondria during MIRI process to rescue cardiomyocytes.
CONCLUSION
Administration of GABA leads to the specific loading of miR-21-5p into EVs by ADSCs, thereby regulating the expression of TXNIP. The EVs derived from ADSCs treated with GABA effectively ameliorates mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitigates cardiomyocytes damage in the pathological process of MIRI.
Contribution Pension Regime in Nigeria: Obstacles and way forward
Authors: Okoye Martina 
Published: October 2024

This study examined the challenges of contributory pension regime in Nigeria as well as the vision achievement rate of PenCom. The study reviewed literature and published annual reports of PenCom. The study revealed that reluctance and disbelief by workers to register with Pension Funds Administrator, compliance, benefit inadequacy, low capital formation, non-inclusion of the informal sector, overlapping regulations, and coverage are persistent challenges confronting recent pension reforms in Nigeria. In addition, it was found that the vision achievement index by PenCom is below average after 14 years of operation. The study recommends a synergy between Pension Fund Administrators, Pension Fund Custodians and PenCom in order to combat some challenges of noncompliance. In addition, these stakeholders should adopt best processes and technologies that would influence workers positively and change the unwillingness and disbelief by workers to register with Pension Funds Administration (PFAs).
Reducing the rate of post-cesarean surgical site infections at Remera Rukoma Hospital: a quality improvement analysis using PDSA and fishbone diagram
Authors: Sebera Emile , Hagenimana Celestin , Bikorimana Jean Pierre , Uwimapaye Diane , Nzeyimana Philemon , Twagirumukiza Emile 
Published: October 2024

Surgical site infections (SSIs) following cesarean sections (CS) are a significant global health concern, with varying prevalence rates across regions. At Remera Rukoma Hospital in Rwanda, the CS infection rate was 2.025% from July to December 2023, prompting a quality improvement project to reduce it to 1% by June 2024. The hospital's target of a 1% surgical site infection rate for cesarean sections aligns with World Health Organization standards, positioning it as a potential regional leader in infection control while significantly improving patient safety and maternal health outcomes.
The project utilized a comprehensive approach, employing the Fishbone diagram to identify root causes across patient, surgical team, and hospital environment factors. Targeted interventions were implemented, including improved pre-operative cleaning, staff training on infection prevention, and enhanced environmental hygiene. Progress was monitored monthly using the Plan-Do-Study- Act cycle.
The project successfully reduced the average CS infection rate to 0.45% from January to June 2024, with four months achieving 0% infection rates. Key factors in this success included strengthened aseptic practices, optimized antibiotic prophylaxis, and improved teamwork. Continuous monitoring, regular staff education, and data-driven improvement cycles are recommended to sustain these positive outcomes.
Digitalisation Empowerment of Business to Digital Innovation in the Achievement of SDGs: A Survey on Creative Msme Actors in Indonesia
Authors: Setyaningrum Retno Purwani , Rulianti Erina , Susilo Priyo 
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aims to test and analyse the relationship patterns of digital business-based training, empowerment of MSME actors, digital self-efficacy and digital innovation in creative MSMEs for the achievement of SDGs in MSMEs in West Java and Banten Provinces, Indonesia.

Theoretical Framework: Digital literacy is needed so that a person has the ability to access information related to digital-based media. MSMEs are required to have renewable digital-based business methods in order to provide optimal and satisfying services. When MSMEs have high digital literacy through digital-based training, they could increase high self-efficacy. Empowering MSMEs based on digital business is very necessary in the digital era. Human resources in the organisation is expected to have digital competencies (skills, knowledge, attitude). Also, employees are expected to increase digital self-efficacy in order to increase digital innovation and MSME performance in the long term.

Method: This study uses quantitative method by distributing questionnaires to 250 natural colour batik MSMEs in West Java and Banten Provinces. 207 questionnaires are filled in completely and then processed with Partial Least Square statistical techniques.

Results and Discussion: This study finds that digital-based business training has a significant positive impact on the empowerment of MSME actors, and digital self-efficacy of MSME actors. In addition, empowerment of MSME players has significant positive impact on digital innovation and digital self-efficacy. On the other hand, digital self-efficacy of MSME actors has significant positive impact on digital innovation and is able to mediate the effect of business digital-based training on digital innovation. However, empowerment of MSME actors cannot mediate the effect of business digital-based training on digital innovation.

Research Implications: This study provide guidance for the government and MSME empowerment organisations to design more targeted digital-based training. In addition, this study highlights the importance of supporting technological infrastructure and providing wider access to digital technology, especially for creative MSMEs in Indonesia. This study also enriches the literature on the role of digital training on digital empowerment and digital self-efficacy. Likewise, it provides implications for the role of digital empowerment and digital self-efficacy in encouraging digital innovation.

Originality/Value: This study offers a business digitalisation empowerment model for creative MSMEs in order to increase digital innovation for creative MSMEs in achieving SDGs in Indonesia. The research model considers digital-based business training, empowerment of MSME players, and digital self-efficacy.
Psychological and Cultural Preparation of University Students to Face the Challenges of Globalization in Alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): A Field Study
Authors: Saleh Shoeb Gamal , AlAli Rommel Mahmoud 
Published: October 2024

Objectives: This study evaluates the cultural and psychological preparation of university students to confront globalization's challenges by assessing the current state of such preparation from both faculty members’ and students’ perspectives.

Background: University education is crucial for fostering higher-order thinking, talent development, and abilities that equip students to navigate the negative impacts of globalization. However, the extent of students' cultural and psychological readiness to face these challenges remains unclear. The study is aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 4 (Quality Education) and Goal 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), focusing on building competencies for global engagement.

Method: A survey method was employed to collect data from faculty members and students, examining psychological and cultural preparation, including self-esteem, socialization, and intercultural competence. Gender and academic discipline differences were also explored.

Results and Discussion: The findings revealed generally low levels of both psychological and cultural preparation, with no significant differences between faculty and student views. Male students scored higher in psychological dimensions like self-esteem and socialization, while female students performed better in cultural preparation. Additionally, students from scientific disciplines exhibited higher levels of psychological and cultural readiness than those from other fields.

Research Implications: The study emphasizes the need for targeted initiatives to enhance students' psychological and cultural preparedness, especially in non-scientific disciplines, to effectively confront globalization's challenges.

Originality/Value: By identifying specific gaps in psychological and cultural readiness, this study provides practical recommendations for improving university education to better prepare students for global challenges.