bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of non-specific immune response, resistance and growth of (Litopenaeus vannamei) by oral administration of nucleotide
Authors: Manoppo Henky , Sukenda . , Djokosetiyanto Daniel , Sukadi Mochamad Fatuchri , Harris Enang 
Published: February 2017

<p>This research evaluated the nonspecific immune responsse, resistance, and growth of <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> fed nucleotide diet. Shrimp juveniles (mean weight 5.39±0.56 g) were reared in two groups of glass aquaria, each with three replications. Shrimps in group one and group two were fed nucleotide diet and basal diet each for four weeks. Total haemocyte count (THC) and PO activity were evaluated at the end of feeding while growth was measured at two weeks interval. At the end of feeding trial, the shrimps were intramuscularly injected with <em>Vibrio harveyi</em> 0.1x10<sup>6</sup> cfu.shrimp<sup>-1</sup>. THC of shrimp fed nucleotide diet significantly increased (P<0.01) up to 87% higher than shrimps fed basal diet. PO activity also different significantly as compared to shrimp fed basal diet (P<0.02) 14 days post-challenge, shrimp fed nucleotide diet showed higher resistance (P<0.01). After 4 weeks of feeding, weight gain achieved 65.38% greater than shrimp fed basal diet (P<0.01). As conclusion, oral administration of nucleotide at 400 mg.kg<sup>-1</sup> diet showed positive effect on the enhancement of nonspecific immune responsse, resistance, and growth of <em>L. vannamei</em>. </p> <p>Key words: <em>Litopenaeus vannamei, </em>nucleotide, THC, PO activity, resistance</p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK</p> <p>Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi respons imun non-spesifik dan resistensi udang vaname (<em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>) yang diberi pakan nukleotida. Juvenil (5,39±0,56 g) dipelihara dalam dua kelompok akuarium kaca masing-masing dengan 3 ulangan. Udang dalam dalam kelompok pertama diberi pakan nukleotida sedangkan udang dalam kelompok kedua diberi pakan standar selama 4 minggu. <em>Total haemocyte count</em> (THC) dan aktivitas phenoloxidase (PO) diukur pada akhir pemberian pakan sedangkan pertumbuhan udang diukur setiap dua minggu. Pada akhir periode pemberian pakan perlakuan, udang diuji tantang secara injeksi intramuskular dengan bakteri <em>Vibrio harveyi</em> 0,1x10<sup>6</sup> cfu.udang<sup>-1</sup>. THC udang yang diberi pakan nukleotida meningkat secara signifikan (P<0,01) mencapai 87% lebih tinggi dari udang yang diberi pakan standar. Aktivitas PO udang yang diberi pakan nukleotida juga berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan udang yang hanya diberi pakan standar (P<0,02). Empat belas hari setelah uji tantang, udang yang diberi pakan nukleotida memiliki resistensi yang lebih tinggi (P<0,01). Setelah 4 minggu pemberian pakan, perolehan berat mencapai 65,38% lebih besar (P<0,01) dibandingkan dengan udang yang hanya diberi pakan standar. Sebagai kesimpulan, pemberian secara oral nukleotida pada level 400 mg.kg<sup>-1</sup> pakan selama 4 minggu memberi pengaruh positif terhadap peningkatan respons imun non-spesifik, resistensi dan pertumbuhan udang vaname.</p> <p>Kata kunci: <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>, nukleotida, THC, aktivitas PO, resistensi</p>
Tafsi>r al-Qummi> dan Politik: Telaah atas Kecenderungan Tasyayyu’ dalam Penafsiran Surat al-Baqarah
Authors: Abidin Ahmad Zainal 
Published: February 2017

almost All muslims believe that the Qur’an is one. It does not guarantee that the interpretation of Qur’an is also one. Different background of readers and interpreters may impose on the different views on that matter. Tafsi>r al-Qummi>, as one of Syi’ah Imamiyyah Qur’anic exegesis in such a certain circumstance, can be an example. By comparing this exegesis and Tafsir Kementerian Agama, the writer concludes that this book is full of political tasyayyu’ tendency. This tendency can be seen via the way of ta’wil by which al-Qummi treated some verses regarding the excelency of ‘Ali and his sons among other persons. His ta’wil based on putting some Qur’anic verses regarding a general notion to indicate ‘Ali and his son’s supremacy and vice versa putting the others to indicate Ali and his son’s enemy as victims. This exegesis can be traced back on the milieu al-Qummi lived in and interacted with the schools’s opponents at that time. This research also shows that all interpretations are merely expressions of the reality of competitions among readers to gain supremacy among others. Umat Islam hampir sepakat akan kesatuan al-Qur’an. Namun demikian, kesatuan ini tidak menjamin adanya kesatuan tafsir. Perbedaan latar belakang penafsir menyebabkan perbedaan penafsiran. Tafsi>r al-Qummi> sebagai sebuah tafsir Syi’ah Imamiyyah yang muncul dalam miliu tertentu merefleksikan suatu kecenderungan politik tasyayyu’ atau sikap mengagungkan Ali dan keturunannya. Kecenderungan tasyayyu’ ini dapat dilihat melalui metode takwil yang ia gunakan untuk memahami ayat-ayat guna menegaskan keagungan ‘Ali dan keturunannya. Hal ini diketahui dengan studi komparatif terhadap Tafsir Kementerian Agama. Takwilnya dilakukan dengan meletakkan ayat-ayat yang bermakna umum ke dalam makna yang menegaskan keagungan Ali dan keturunannya atau sebaliknya ditakwil ke dalam makna yang menempatkan lawan-lawan Ali dan keturunannya sebagai korban. Pola takwil semacam ini dapat dilacak ke dalam lingkungan al-Qummi dimana ia hidup dan berinteraksi dengan lawan-lawan madzhabnya pada masa itu. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa interpretasi hanyalah semata-mata expressi tentang realitas kompetisi antara pembaca untuk memperoleh keunggulan dibanding kelompok lain.
Estudio de las competencias de los emprendedores/innovadores sociales El caso del Premio ELI de la Universidad EAN
Authors: Patiño Castro Omar Alonso , Cruz Pérez Edwin Andrés , Gómez Melo Martha Cecilia 
Published: February 2017

Rev.esc.adm.neg
La innovación social y el emprendimiento social se han convertido en alternativas empresariales, indistintamente de si son estas con o sin ánimo de lucro. El presente artículo identifica las competencias del innovador y del emprendedor social a partir del concepto de quienes consideran que hacen parte de estas categorías. La información usada en el proyecto fue recogida entre los participantes del premio ELI, organizado por la Universidad EAN en 2013 y 2014
Liderazgo educativo en el siglo XXI, desde la perspectiva del emprendimiento sostenible
Authors: Sierra Villamil Gloria María 
Published: February 2017

Rev.esc.adm.neg
Este artículo presenta la importancia del liderazgo educativo a partir de algunos elementos claves que repercuten en el comportamiento de un líder, desde la perspectiva de la sostenibilidad, debido a que lo educativo adquiere un sentido formativo y ético, lo que subyace a que el líder se convierte en la persona con condiciones específicas frente al sentido de la educación cuando orienta a la comunidad educativa, como los estudiantes, docentes, padres de familia y personas que manejan procesos educativos, en búsqueda de mejorar la calidad, el clima y la cultura organizacional en crecimiento personal, representada en la formación integral de las instituciones.
Modelo de formación en emprendimiento social, para instituciones de educación superior en Colombia
Authors: Vega Guerrero Juan Camilo , Mera Rodríguez Carlos William 
Published: February 2017

Rev.esc.adm.neg
El artículo establece los componentes de un modelo de formación en emprendimiento social acorde al contexto colombiano, para lo cual se rastrean las investigaciones que permitan distinguir las particularidades que debe desarrollar el emprendedor social y establecer la formación que se está impartiendo en torno al emprendimiento, en particular en el caso de las IES (Instituciones de educación superior); adicionalmente, se realiza una aproximación al contexto de acción del emprendedor colombiano. Con los anteriores insumos se diseña una propuesta de modelo de formación en emprendimiento social que se aborda desde las dimensiones de: propósito, estrategia, entorno e individuo.
Applications of Geomechanics to Hydraulic Fracturing: Case Studies From Coal Stimulations
Authors: Pandey Vibhas J. , Flottman Thomas , Zwarich Nola R. 
Published: February 2017

Summary
Modern hydraulic-fracture treatments are designed by use of fracture simulators that require formation-related inputs, such as in-situ stresses and rock mechanical properties, to optimize stimulation designs for targeted reservoir zones. Log-derived stress and mechanical properties that are properly calibrated with injection data provide critical descriptions of variations in different lithologies at varying depths. From a practical standpoint, however, most of the hydraulic-fracturing simulators that are currently used for treatment design use only a limited portion of a geologic-based rock-mechanical-property characterization, thus resulting in outputs that may not completely align with observed outcomes from a fracturing treatment. By use of examples from hydraulic-fracture stimulations of coals in a complex but well-characterized stress environment in Surat Basin of eastern Australia, we obtain the reservoir-rock-related input parameters that are important for the design of hydraulic fractures and also identify those that are not essential. To understand the effect on improving future fracture-stimulation designs, the authors present work flows for pressure-history matching of treatments and subsequent comparison of corresponding geometries with external measurements, such as microseismic (MS) surveys, to calibrate geomechanical models.
The paper presents examples discussing synergies, discrepancies, and gaps that currently exist between “geologic” geomechanical concepts in contrast to the geomechanical descriptions and concepts that are used and implemented in hydraulic-fracturing stimulations. Ultimately it remains paramount to constrain as many critical variables as realistically and as uniquely as possible. Significant emphasis is placed on reservoir-specific pretreatment data acquisition and post-treatment analysis. Some of the obvious differences observed between the measured and fracture-model-derived geometries are also presented in the paper, highlighting the areas in fracture modeling where significant improvement is needed. The approach presented in this paper can be used to refine hydraulic-fracture-treatment designs in similar complex reservoirs worldwide.
A Deepwater Openhole Gravel-Pack Completion With Prolonged Well Suspension Without Initial Cleanup: An Angola Block 15/06 Case History
Authors: Staltari D.. , Urdaneta J.. , De Azevedo O.. , Pellicanò D.. , Ripa G.. , Cauende C.. , Nasrallah M. M. , Aye Y. A. , Djouli L. B. , Adeolu A. I. , Magloire B. A. , Kumar A.. , Gadiyar B. R. , Parlar M.. 
Published: February 2017

Summary
Most of the deepwater reservoirs in Angola are weakly consolidated sands, requiring sand control, and openhole gravel packing is one of the most widely used sand-control techniques for producers; Block 15/06 is no exception (Hecker et al. 2004; Whaley et al. 2007; Pena et al. 2013; Menezes et al. 2013; Bingyu et al. 2016). High-inclination wells targeting multiple reservoir sections interlayered with reactive shales, relatively low fracture window, and prolonged well suspension without well cleanup were some of the challenges that needed to be addressed to ensure completion integrity and well productivity.
This paper presents the measures taken during the design and execution phases to address the project challenges, along with an evaluation of completion integrity and well performance. Analysis of the downhole-gauge data is detailed for one of the wells as an example, illustrating the importance of downhole gauges in the completion.
A New Numerical Solution To Predict the Temperature Profile of Gas-Hydrate-Well Drilling
Authors: Li Ben , Li Hui , Guo Boyun , Cai Xiao , Konggidinata Mas lwan 
Published: February 2017

Summary
Gas-hydrate cuttings are conveyed upward by the drilling fluid through the outer drillpipe/wellbore annulus during the gas-hydrate-well-drilling process. The temperature profile along the wellbore during the drilling process has not been thoroughly investigated because the gas-hydrate cuttings could affect the temperature of the drilling fluid along the wellbore. As the mixture of drilling fluid and gas hydrates flows from the bottom to the surface, the methane and other hydrocarbons present in the gas hydrates would change from liquid to gas phase and further cause well-control issues. Furthermore, the bottomhole pressure would decrease and could not provide sufficient balance to the formation pressure, which could significantly increase the risk of well blowout.
A numerical solution is presented in this paper to predict the temperature profile of the gas-hydrate well during the drilling process. The main considerations were the following:
Hydrate cuttings entrained in the bottom of the hole would affect the temperature of the fluid in the annulus space. The entrained hydrate cuttings could affect the fluid thermal properties in the drillstring and in the annulus. Because of the Joule-Thomson cooling effect at the outlet of the nozzles, the fluid temperature at the bottom of the hole was lower than that above the drill-bit nozzles.
Hence, the gas-hydrate-dissociation characteristics were considered and integrated in the proposed numerical model.
The numerical model was validated by comparing the obtained data with the Shan et al. (2016) analytical model. In addition, the obtained data were also compared with the measured temperature data of a conventional well drilled in China and a gas-hydrate-well drilling record in India. Sensitivity analysis was used to evaluate the effects of the pumping rate, Joule-Thomson effect, and injection drilling-mud temperature on the annulus temperature-profile distribution. It was found that the injection drilling-mud temperature and pumping rate could affect the temperature profile in the annulus, whereas the Joule-Thomson effect could decrease the annulus temperature of the drilling mud near the bottom.
JATI DIRI BANGSA DAN POTENSI SUMBER DAYA KONSTRUKTIF SEBAGAI ASET EKONOMI KREATIF DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sa'adah Zumrotus 
Published: February 2017

Abstrak: Jati Diri Bangsa dan Potensi Sumber Daya Konstruktif Sebagai Aset Ekonomi Kreatif di Indonesia. Di tengah era pasar bebas ASEAN, menjadi negara yang unggul kompetitif adalah tugas masyarakat bersama dengan jati diri yang kokoh dengan memanfaatkan kekayaan budaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami peran jati diri bangsa dan potensi sumber daya konstruktif yang dapat dijadikan aset ekonomi kreatif di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan yaitu penelitian yang dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diperlukan sebuah identitas tentang jati diri bangsa yang dapat ditempuh melalui pendidikan karakter sehingga dapat menciptakan sumber daya manusia yang kreatif. Sedangkan untuk menumbuhkembangkan industri kreatif dapat ditempuh dengan strategi kolaborasi antara nilai budaya lokal dengan kebutuhan global menjadi produk globalisasi. Kata Kunci: jati diri bangsa, sumber daya konstruktif, ekonomi kreatif. Abstract: National Identity and Constructive Resource Potential As a Creative Economy Asset in Indonesia. This study aims to understand the role of national identity and potential resources as a creative economy asset in Indonesia. This research is a literature study. The results show that a national identity is necessary to create creative human resources through character education. Additionally, to develop creative industries, integration between local cultural values and global needed approach can be taken. Keywords: national identity, resources constructive, creative economy.
ANALISIS ELASTISITAS TIGA BAHAN PANGAN SUMBER PROTEIN HEWANI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Wahyuni Daru , Purnastuti Losina , Mustofa Mustofa 
Published: February 2017

Abstrak: Analisis Elastisitas Tiga Bahan Pangan Sumber Protein Hewani di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perilaku permintaan rumah tangga atas tiga sumber protein hewani (ikan, daging sapi, dan daging ayam) dikaitkan dengan karakteristik rumah tangga yang berbeda dan menganalisis respon rumah tangga di Indonesia terhadap perubahan harga dan pendapatan pada konsumsi ketiga komoditas tersebut. Model yang digunakan untuk melakukan estimasi adalah model Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS), dengan menggunakan data dari Indonesia Family Life Survey gelombang 4 (IFLS 4). Jumlah rumah tangga sumber data yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 839 rumah tangga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara parsial harga ikan, harga daging sapi, pengeluaran rumah tangga, wilayah geografi, dan jumlah anggota keluarga berpengaruh terhadap pangsa pengeluaran untuk produk ikan-ikanan, daging ayam, dan daging sapi. Elastisitas permintaan harga permintaan untuk ikan, daging sapi, dan daging ayam masuk dalam kategori inelastis, elastisitas pendapatan untuk daging sapi dan daging ayam masuk kategori elastis, dan ikan mempunyai elastisitas pendapatan yang inelastic. Kata kunci: model Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS), elastisitas harga permintaan, elastisitas silang, elastisitas pendapatan. Abstract: Elasticity Analysis for Three Animal Protein Resources in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the behavior of household demand on three sources of animal protein (fish, beef, and chicken) were associated with different household characteristics and analyze the response of households in Indonesia to changes in price and income on the consumption of fish, beef, and chicken. Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) was adopted in this study, using data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey wave 4 (IFLS 4). Total number of the household analyzed in this study amounted to 839 households. The results showed that partially price of fish, beef prices, household expenditure, geographic region, and number of family members affect the share of expenditure fisheries products, chicken, and beef. The results implied that Price elasticity of demand for demand for fish, beef, and chicken were categorized as inelastic. While the income elasticity for beef and chicken were elastic, furthermore income elasticity for fish was inelastic. Keywords: Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model, demand price elasticity, cross elasticity of demand, income elasticity of demand.
STABILITY OF INTEGRO DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH IMPULSES
Authors: . Sariyasa 
Published: February 2017

Sufficient conditions have been derived for the asymptotic stability of the trivial solutions of a class of linear integrodifferential equations under impulsive per-turbations. The sufficient conditions are formulated in terms of the parameters of the equations such that in the absence of the impulsive effects, these conditions are reduced to those of the non-impulsive equations. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.22342/jims.13.1.71.17-26
CALCULATIONS ON THE SUPREMUM OF FUZZY NUMBERS VIA <i>L<sub>p</sub></i> METRICS
Authors: Fan Taihe , Wen Dan 
Published: February 2017

In this paper, it is proved that the supremum of a family of fuzzy number scan be finitely approximated via Lp metrics and the concrete approaches are given. As a byproduct, it is proved that the L1 metric d1 defined via cut-set is equivalent to ametric which can be calculated directly via membership functions. Since the Lp metrics are analytic in nature, the results in this paper may have interesting applications infuzzy analysis. For example, it may provide a method for the computation of various fuzzy-number-valued integrals.DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.22342/jims.13.2.88.197-208
Inclusão de Surdos na Escola Municipal Marechal Castelo Branco de Jaguarão-Rs
Authors: De Oliveira Helena Beatriz Costa , Cardoso Bayard , De Oliveira Evertom Fêrrêr 
Published: February 2017

O trabalho tem como meta mapear as ações e os materiais usados na Escola Municipal Marechal Castelo Branco na cidade de Jaguarão –RS -Brasil, que desenvolve praticas pedagógicas voltadas a alfabetização de alunos surdos inclusos na classe do sistema regular de ensino, recebendo alunos advindos de outras escolas do referido município. Os objetivos assentam-se em refletir sobre os materiais usados pelos educadores, educandos e demais profissionais envolvidos nas praticas pedagógicas. Como metodologia usamos o método qualitativo, analisamos o que está disponível na referida escola. Primamos pela necessidade de problematizarmos a atuação do autor deste trabalho durante o tempo de implantação das aulas, ressaltando as possibilidades de aprendizagem salientando as habilidades da escrita, da leitura e matemática em libras que são trabalhadas pelos educadores. Destacamos que durante suas atuações este profissional trabalha junto com um interprete em libras. Podemos concluir que a sociabilidade gerada através do processo de inclusão destes indivíduos nas classes regulares faz com que o material disponibilizado em libras e a convivência se tornam uma unidade caminhando juntas e trazendo um bom modelo a ser seguido.
Mulher, Pampa e natureza: um olhar através de contos puebleros
Authors: Schlee Juliana Corrêa Pereira 
Published: February 2017

O presente trabalho é um estudo em andamento que se detém nos contos puebleros para deslocar o olhar sobre a mulher, o Pampa e a natureza. Assim, busco a Educação Ambiental, como campo de saber importante e potente para a análise de mundo que temos em seu processo de construção cultural moderno. Entendendo a literatura como pedagogia cultural para problematizar como nos constituímos mulher no Pampa e como nos relacionamos com o discurso de natureza. O Pampa para pensar além de um território geográfico, mas como um lugar que é constituído pelos diversos atravessamentos: biológicos, geográficos, culturais, econômicos, políticos. Modos de ver o mundo, viver e narrar a natureza. Fabricações histórica e socialmente constituídos em diferentes culturas e em diferentes épocas. É preciso pensar sobre as universalidades de ser mulher, assim como suas relações com a natureza e o pampa.
O Lúdico e a Ludicidade nos Cadernos de Números e Operações do PNAIC
Authors: Souza Karen Lapuente , Gonçalves Cinthia Pacífico , Pozzobon Marta Cistina Cezar 
Published: February 2017

Neste artigo, intencionamos problematizar os discursos sobre o lúdico para ensinar Números e Operações propostos nos cadernos do Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa – PNAIC, publicados no ano de 2014. Salientamos também que as discussões empreendidas nesta produção fazem parte de um Projeto de Pesquisa proposto em rede com quatro Universidades do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. O artigo analisa os discursos sobre o lúdico e ludicidade nos cadernos de Matemática do Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa (2014). Propõe-se a responder a seguinte questão investigativa: Como os discursos sobre o lúdico e ludicidade são propostos nos cadernos de Alfabetização Matemática do PNAIC? O material analítico são os excertos dos cadernos que envolvem o eixo Números e Operações, nos cadernos 2, 3 e 4. Nestes materiais analisamos os discursos sobre o lúdico para ensinar matemática e suas implicações no processo de ensino.