bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Evaluation of Touching Motion on the Skin Surface Elasticity by Indentation
Authors: Lu Chao , Sakuma Atsushi , Kitagawa Atsuko , Cui Shenglin , Kimura Hajime 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a non-invasive technique for skin elasticity assessment and facilitate the prevention, nursing, and treatment of skin tears through an interdisciplinary study of skin-touching deformation behavior.
First, to study the elasticity of the skin of the elderly, the skin indentation modulus on the forearms of 28 elderly individuals aged ≥ 75 years was measured.
According to the measurements, the identified skin modulus ranges from 2.45-60 kPa.
Two-layer skin models were constructed based on the measurements and related references.
By analyzing these two models, an estimated model was proposed to assess the elasticity of the upper part of the skin by indentation.
In this study, the spherical indentation was considered relevant to finger palpation.
Subsequently, the touching deformation behavior of the skin was computationally analyzed using various failure criteria to determine the effective positions of stress indices in the two-layer skin structure.
Additionally, the collapse behavior of the skin is discussed for nurses to reduce skin tears, and it is concluded that patients with high skin elasticity should avoid tensile-related treatments, and those with low elasticity should avoid compression-related treatments.
BMP2 Pan-Cancer Analysis in Multiple Tumor Types of TCGA Datasets *
Authors: Liu Fangran , CHUNG Patrick Ho Yu , Wu Ka Chun , Lee Victor 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This BMP2 is an indispensable gene in bone development and repair across vertebrates. The relation between BMP2 expression level and tumor genesis/progression has been reported previously. In this study, we use The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets (TCGA) to explore possible effect of BMP2 in different tumors. Among many tumor types in TCGA datasets, BMP2 has a higher expression level in tumor tissues in contrast with corresponding normal tissues in CHOL, GBM, HNSC, KIRC, LIHC patients. On the other hand, BMP2 has a lower expression in tumor tissues when compared to corresponding normal tissues in patients of BLCA, BRCA, COAD, KICH, LUAD, LUSC, PRAD, READ, THCA, UCEC tumors. Among ECSA, LIHC, LUHC, PAAD, THCA patients, a higher BMP2 expression level was related with a less overall survival time. In UVM tumor, higher BMP2 expression level correlated with less disease-free survival times. BMP2 have different expression in different stages of KIRC, THCA patients. Further BMP2 genetic alteration analysis revealed that gene mutation and amplification are the two most common genetic alteration in most TCGA datasets tumors. BMP2 genetic alteration has an impact on ACC, LGG, CESC, LIHC, PRAD, THYM, UCEC prognosis. The expression level of BMP2 has a positive correlation with tumor-associated ﬁbroblast inﬁltration in BRCA, HNSC, LIHC, LUSC, MESO, OV, PCPG, PRAD, SARC, SKCM, TGCT, THCA, THYM, UCEC, UVM tumors. The protein interaction plot showed that BMP2 virtually interacted with ACVR2A, BMP4, BMPR2, BMPR1A, BMPR1B, CALR and HSPA5 proteins. Further Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis result shows that BMP2 has the closest relation with TGF-β signaling pathway. In conclusion, this Pan-cancer study has unraveled the expression of BMP2 among various TCGA tumors, the related biological mechanism as well as the tumor-related prognosis.
Post-Operative Bleeding in the Bariatric Population – The Role of Serial Hemoglobin Labs
Authors: Markesbery Katherine , Meister Katherine , Tymitz Kevin , Kerlakian George , Fellner Angie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

There are several initiatives to target different facets of peri-operative care maximize the value of the care we provide. There is one area of our peri-operative care where protocol driven recommendations are lacking– post-operative laboratory tests. Some institutional studies have shown that post-operative day one laboratory tests are rarely abnormal and rarely intervened on. Currently, our enhanced bariatric surgery recovery protocol at TriHealth has a very strong focus on post-operative VTE prophylaxis. This includes multiple hemoglobin laboratory tests in the first few post-operative days to guide our VTE prophylaxis regimen and possibly identify patients with post-operative bleeding. The purpose of this study was to investigate the necessity of serial hemoglobin laboratory tests in our post-operative bariatric population and help identify significant patient symptoms that can guide clinicians to pursue further laboratory investigation. We conducted a retrospective cohort study evaluating all patients who underwent primary and revisional bariatric surgery at TriHealth facilities from January 2016 to December 2021. We categorized patients into two groups for analysis: patients who received a blood transfusion and patients who did not receive a blood transfusion but had a significant hemoglobin drop over 3g/dL. We found that there is a strongly significant difference in the symptoms of anemia in patients who eventually require transfusion compared to patients who do not require transfusion with a significant post-operative hemoglobin drop. Our research suggests that bariatric patients with post-operative bleeding requiring transfusion will “declare” themselves with significantly higher heart rates and with significant symptoms of anemia.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Rat Rotator Cuff Muscle with Histopathological Correlation: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Lo James , Berry David B. , Tang Qingbo , Cheng Xin , Toto-Brocchi Marco , Du Jiang , Ward Samuel R. , Ma Yajun , Chang Eric Y. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that can be used to assess microstructural features of skeletal muscle that are related to tissue function. Although widely used, direct correlations between DTI derived metrics such as fractional anisotropy and spatially matched tissue microstructure assessed with histology have not been performed. This study investigated the relationship between scalar-based DTI measurements and histologically derived muscle microstructural measurements in rat rotator cuff muscles. Despite meticulous co-localization of MRI and histology data, negligible correlations were found between DTI metrics and histological measurements including muscle fiber diameter, cross-sectional area, and surface-to-volume ratio. These findings highlight the challenges in validating DTI with histology due to requirements in anatomical co-localization, necessity of high-quality histology, and consideration of diffusion measurement scales. Our findings underscore the need for further research with optimized imaging parameters to enhance our knowledge regarding the sensitivity of DTI to important features of muscle microstructure.
Comparison of in-hospital complication rates after transcatheter aortic valve replacement in patients with bicuspid versus tricuspid aortic valves: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhu Tingxi , Luo Jiawei , Huang Xuan , Liu Lulu , Li Kehan , He Wei , Zhou Xiaobo , Guo Yingqiang , Yang Xiaoyan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become a popular alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) for patients with valvular heart disease (VHD), particularly for those with aortic anomalies.
Objectives:
The study aimed to compare the risks of post-TAVR complications between patients with bicuspid and tricuspid aortic valves and to identify associated risk factors.
Methods:
The association between complications and valve type (bicuspid or tricuspid) was assessed. The study also explored various combinations of factors to understand their impact on complications. Separate analyses were conducted to identify specific risk factors for each complication.
Results:
Out of the 1154 eligible patients, 508 had bicuspid aortic valves (BAV) and 646 had tricuspid aortic valves (TAV). The study identified 40 cases of acute kidney injury, 134 instances of new-onset permanent pacemaker implantations, 129 occurrences of paravalvular leak, and 30 device failures. The comprehensive logistic regression revealed no statistically significant association between complications and valve type (ORs: 0.52 (95%CI, 0.23–1.09) for acute kidney injury, 1.29 (95%CI, 0.87–1.92) for permanent pacemaker implantation, 1.29 (95%CI, 0.82–2.02) for paravalvular leak, and 0.54 (95%CI, 0.22–1.23) for device failure). Total bilirubin (TBIL), albumin (ALB), age, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) scores, among other factors, were associated with specific post-TAVR complications.
Conclusions:
The incidence of acute kidney injury, new permanent pacemaker implantations, paravalvular leaks, and device failures did not differ significantly between patients with BAV and TAV following TAVR. Specific risk factors for these complications were identified, highlighting the importance of careful clinical monitoring in post-TAVR management.
Prevalence and factors associated with water, sanitation and hygiene (wash) deprivation among children in Nigeria
Authors: Victor Chima , Kupoluyi Joseph Ayodeji , Oyinlola Funmilola Folasade , Tekun Segun , Anyanyo Ifeyinwa Uzoamaka 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) remain fundamental public health components critical for children's survival, growth, and development. In Nigeria, children under 18 years are most deprived of WASH, with about 70 per cent lacking access to facilities. There is paucity of information on factors associated with WASH deprivation in Nigeria, especially in the context of children. Hence, this study examine the factors associated with water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) deprivation among children 0-17 years in Nigeria.
Method: A secondary analysis of the 2021 Nigeria Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) was conducted to assess deprivations in water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) for children, along with associated determinants. A merged dataset comprising a total of 22,058 weighted observations from both the under-five children and children aged 5-17 years was used for this study.
Frequency tables, pie charts and bar graphs were used to examine regional variations child health deprivation. Chi-square statistical test was performed to determine associated factors with child health deprivation in Nigeria at p-value of less than 0.05 level of significance.
Results: This study found that at least one-third of children in Nigeria were deprived of either one or more of water, sanitation or hygiene. Specifically, 32% were deprived of water, 40% were deprived of hygiene facilities and 67% were deprived of sanitation facilities. Across all regions of the country, more children were deprived of sanitation when compared to water and hygiene. Overall, wealth index and geopolitical zone significantly influenced access and availability of WASH facilities for children in Nigeria. Specifically, the education of the household head and wealth index are associated with access to sanitation facilities, place of residence is significantly associated with availability of water while access to hygiene facilities is significantly associated with the sex of the household head.
Conclusion: The study concludes that there is a correlation between factors and the increased likelihood of children experiencing water, sanitation and hygiene deprivation. Although the influence of these factors increases based on determinants and varies by regional dimensions, there are still insufficient implementation practices where deprivation is minimal, and this is influenced by household and other factors.
Applicability evaluation technology for steel small diameter pipes containing external surface corrosion defects
Authors: Li Qiang , Zhang Laibin , Wang Junqiang , Liang Qiang , Wei Donghong , Liu Xinling , Wang Tao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

With the continuous operation of oil and gas stations and petrochemical equipment, corrosion defects of steel small diameter pipes of different degrees have been found one after another, which has led to pipeline cracking and media leakage and other problems, which have increasingly attracted the attention of the oil and gas and chemical enterprises. In order to ensure the safe operation of the small diameter pipes with external surface corrosion defects, the influence law of the size of corrosion defects on the bearing capacity of the small diameter pipes was studied by finite element analysis and test simulation method, and the damage mechanism and failure form were analyzed, and the failure pressure prediction formula of the small diameter pipes with defects was fitted. It provides technical guidance for the applicability evaluation of corrosion-containing steel small diameter pipes in oil and gas chemical stations or installations.
Learning the Therapeutic Targets of Acute Myeloid Leukemia through Multiscale Human Interactome Network and Community Analysis
Authors: Sivanathan Suruthy , Hu Ting 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is caused by proliferation of mutated myeloid progenitor cells. The standard chemotherapy regimen does not efficiently cause remission as there is a high relapse rate. Resistance acquired by leukemic stem cells is suggested to be one of the root causes for relapse. Therefore, there is an urgency to develop new drugs for therapy. Repurposing approved drugs for AML can provide a cost-friendly, time-efficient, and affordable alternative. The multiscale interactome network is a computational tool that can identify potential therapeutic candidates by comparing mechanisms of the drug and disease. Communities that could be potentially experimentally validated are detected in the multiscale interactome network using the algorithm CRank. In this research, we identify therapeutic candidates for AML and their mechanisms from the interactome, and isolate prioritized communities that are dominant in the therapeutic mechanism that could potentially be used as a prompt for pre-clinical research to focus on biological functions and mechanisms that are associated with the disease and drug. The results from the interactome and its combination with the prioritized communities are evaluated through literature search and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis.
BCAA was more closely associated with visceral fat area than subcutaneous fat area in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus：a cross-sectional study
Authors: Cai Xinghua , Li Wenmin , Wang Liang , Shi Yingying , Gao Jie , Wang Hongping , Lei Tao , lu Jun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) has been reported to be associated with obesity, the association of BCAA with visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) remained unclear in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in 284 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Enzyme-linked immunospecific assay was used to measure levels of seral BCAA and branched-chain keto acid (BCKA). VFA and SFA were measured with bioimpedance analysis method. The association between BCAA and VFA was obtained using Pearson correlation and multivariable linear regression analysis.
Results
There were significant differences in the means of body mass index, waist circumstance, SFA and VFA among the three groups divided by BCAA tertiles (all p < 0.05). Compared to patients with lower levels of seral BCAA (the lower tertile group), the means of VFA and SFA were significantly larger in middle and upper tertile groups (all P < 0.05). However, the differences in above obesity parameters were nonsignificant according to various BCKA tertiles. Pearson correlation analysis also demonstrated that BCAA levels were positive associated with each obesity parameter (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, multivariable linear regression analysis showed that levels of seral BCAA were correlated with VFA, BMI and WC (all p < 0.05) rather than SFA after adjusted for other confounders.
Conclusions
levels of seral BCAA were more closely correlated with VFA than SFA, prospective studies should be warranted to further explore the mechanism mediating BCAA and visceral fat accumulation in Human beings.
Evaluation of training models for intraventricular neuroendoscopy
Authors: Senger Sebastian , Lepshokov Magomed , Tschernig Thomas , Cinalli Guiseppe , Oertel Joachim 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Structured surgical education has become increasingly important in recent years. Intraventricular neuroendoscopic procedures have been widely established. However, training surgical skills with these techniques is crucial for young residents due to the potential harm to adjacent tissue. Therefore, we evaluated two different training models.
Methods: Participants in two different international workshops were trained on a prefixed cadaver model and on a living murine intraabdominal model. Crucial neuroendoscopic techniques such as membrane perforation and tissue biopsy were performed. A blinded questionnaire evaluated both models.
Results: Sixty-three participants were trained on the animal model. Forty of these were trained on the cadaver model. The training effect was evaluated almost equally, with 8.5/10 for the animal model and 8.9/10 for the cadaver model. The tissue properties were rated higher regarding realism in the animal model, whereas the anatomic realism was rated higher in the cadaver model.
Conclusion: The animal model is a valid alternative to cadaver models for teaching endoscopic neurosurgical skills. This model benefits from the simulation of real surgical tissue properties, including bleeding. The low costs and availability of this technique make it more ubiquitous and can help train further generations of neurosurgeons.
Utility of ultrasound grading classification in assessing acute appendicitis severity in children
Authors: Honma Hitoshi , Masuda Yu , Miyamoto Ryosuke , Kondou Remi , Kato Shoko , Kaneko Kenitiro 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Accurate assessment of acute appendicitis severity is important for planning treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of ultrasound (US) grading classification in assessing acute appendicitis severity in children.
Methods
We retrospectively studied pediatric patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis using US. US findings were classified into four grades based on the internal structure, and the clinical findings were compared among them. We also compared the frequency of complicated appendicitis (CA) among US grades in patients who underwent early appendectomy (EA).
Results
In total, 124 pediatric patients with acute appendicitis were enrolled. The mean age was 11.7 years, and 74 patients were male. Fifty-seven patients were classified as Grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ, and 67 patients were classified as Grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ. Grade III-IV patients were significantly younger, had lower body weights, and longer duration of symptoms than Grade I-II patients. Grade III-IV patients also had significantly higher body temperatures, pediatric appendicitis scores, white blood cell counts, and C-reactive protein levels on admission. In the EA cases, most CA cases were Grade III-IV (90.3%).
Conclusions
US grading classification may be useful for assessing the severity of acute appendicitis in children and assisting in making treatment decisions.
Frame-based stereotactic biopsies of brainstem lesions – Monocentric comparison of the transfrontal and the suboccipital-transcerebellar approach over a 16-year period
Authors: Kaes Manuel , Neumann Jan-Oliver , Beynon Christopher , Naser Paul V. , Kiening Karl , Krieg Sandro M. , Jakobs Martin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
Both the transfrontal and the suboccipital-transcerebellar approach are frequently used trajectories for frame-based stereotactic biopsies of brainstem lesions. Nevertheless, it remains unclear which approach is more favorable in terms of complications, diagnostic success and outcome, especially considering the location of the lesion within the brainstem. This study compared the safety and diagnostic yield of these two approaches. Furthermore, a brainstem zone model was created to answer the question, whether there is a favorable approach depending on the location of the lesion in the brainstem.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of 84 consecutive cases of frame-based stereotactic biopsies for brainstem lesions via either transfrontal or suboccipital-transcerebellar approaches over a 16-year period was performed. Clinical and surgical data regarding trajectories, histopathology, complications and outcome was collected. The brainstem was divided in anatomical zones to compare the use of the two approaches depending on the location of the lesions.
Results
A total of n = 84 cases of stereotactic biopsies for brainstem lesions were performed. In 36 cases the suboccipital-transcerebellar approach was used, while in 48 cases surgery was performed via the transfrontal approach. The patient’s demographic data were comparable between the two approaches. Overall diagnostic yield was 90.5% (93.8% transfrontal vs. 86.1% suboccipital, p = 0.21, Risk Difference (RD) 0.077, CI [-0.0550, 0.2090]). Complications occurred in 11 cases (total complication rate: 13.1%; 12.5% transfrontal vs. 13.9% suboccipital, p = 0.55, RD 0.014, CI [-0.1607, 0.1327]). The brainstem model showed a more frequent use of the suboccipital approach in lesions of the dorsal pons. The transfrontal approach was used more frequently in mesencephalic targets. No significant differences in terms of complications and diagnostic yield were observed, even though complications in medullary lesions appeared higher using the transfrontal approach.
Conclusions
This study showed, that if the approaches are used for their intended target locations there are no significant differences between the transfrontal and the suboccipital-transcerebellar approach for frame-based stereotactic biopsies of brainstem lesions in terms of diagnostic yield and safety. Therefore, our data suggests that both approaches should be considered for stereotactic biopsy of brainstem lesions.