bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Asset Allocation with Liabilities
Authors: Giamouridis Daniel , Sakkas Athanasios , Tessaromatis Nikolaos 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe develop an analytical solution to the dynamic multi‐period portfolio choice problem of an investor with risky liabilities and time varying investment opportunities. We use the model to compare the asset allocation of investors who take liabilities into account, assuming time varying returns and a multi‐period setting with the asset allocation of myopic ALM investors. In the absence of regulatory constraints on asset allocation weights, there are significant gains to investors who have access to a dynamic asset allocation model with liabilities. The gains are smaller under the typical funding ratio constraints faced by pension funds.
Differences in extracellular matrix proteins between Friesian horses with aortic rupture, unaffected Friesians and Warmblood horses
Authors: Ploeg M. , Gröne A. , van de Lest C. H. A. , Saey V. , Duchateau L. , Wolsein P. , Chiers K. , Ducatelle R. , van Weeren P. R. , de Bruijn M. , Delesalle C. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryBackgroundUnlike in Warmblood horses, aortic rupture is quite common in Friesian horses, in which a hereditary trait is suspected. The aortic connective tissue in affected Friesians shows histological changes such as medial necrosis, elastic fibre fragmentation, mucoid material accumulation and fibrosis with aberrant collagen morphology. However, ultrastructural examination of the collagen fibres of the mid‐thoracic aorta has been inconclusive in further elucidating the pathogenesis of the disease.ObjectivesTo assess several extracellular matrix (ECM) components biochemically in order to explore a possible underlying breed‐related systemic ECM defect in Friesians with aortic rupture.Study designCadaver study.MethodsTissues from affected Friesians (n = 18), unaffected Friesians (n = 10) and Warmblood horses (n = 30) were compared. Samples were taken from the thoracic aorta at the level of the rupture site, from two locations caudal to the rupture and from the deep digital flexor tendon. Total collagen content, post‐translational modifications of collagen formation including lysine hydroxylation, and hydroxylysylpyridinoline (HP), lysylpyridinoline (LP) and pyrrole cross‐links were analysed. Additionally, elastin cross‐links, glycosaminoglycan content and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity were assessed.ResultsSignificantly increased MMP activity and increased LP and HP cross‐linking, lysine hydroxylation and elastin cross‐linking were found at the site of rupture in affected Friesians. These changes may reflect processes involved in healing and aneurysm formation. Unaffected Friesians had less lysine hydroxylation and pyrrole cross‐linking within the tendons compared with Warmblood horses. No differences in the matrix of the aorta were found between normal Warmbloods and Friesian horses.Main limitationsSmall sample size.ConclusionsThe differences in collagen parameters in tendon tissue may reflect differences in connective tissue metabolism between Friesians and Warmblood horses.
Hypertension and pregnancy: expert consensus statement from the French Society of Hypertension, an affiliate of the French Society of Cardiology
Authors: Mounier‐Vehier Claire , Amar Jacques , Boivin Jean‐Marc , Denolle Thierry , Fauvel Jean‐Pierre , Plu‐Bureau Geneviève , Tsatsaris Vassilis , Blacher Jacques 
Published: November 2016

AbstractHigh blood pressure in pregnancy remains, by its complications, the leading cause of morbidity as well as maternal and fetal mortality. The frequency (5–10% of pregnancies) and the potential severity of this disease, for both mother and child, encourage to standardize and to optimize our medical practices. If the short‐term complications for the mother and child are well known, long‐term ones for the mother are beginning to be better identified. The onset of hypertension during pregnancy disrupts the classic organization of health care and requires the intervention of the general practitioner and/or an obstetrician, a gynecologist, a midwife, a cardiologist, a nephrologist. There is not always a care coordinator, and decisions are sometimes taken with delay. This is what drove the French Society of Hypertension, in partnership with the French National College of Gynecologists‐Obstetricians, to develop a consensus proposing easy‐to‐use guidelines. Educating women and all health professionals to hypertension and its management, in line with current scientific data, is one of the major challenges of this consensus.
Finite fracture mechanics predictions on the apparent fracture toughness of as‐quenched Charpy V‐type AISI 4340 steel specimens
Authors: Sapora A , Firrao D 
Published: November 2016

AbstractQuenching AISI 4340 steel from 1200 °C leads to much higher fracture toughness in the as‐quenched state than by conventional austenitizing at 870 °C. However, the increase is limited to fracture toughness tests, because Charpy V impact/slow bend tests do not show any betterment due to high‐temperature austenitizing. Different explanations of these contradicting results have been proposed since the beginning of the 1970s. In the present paper, this puzzling phenomenon will be revisited through the coupled stress and energy criterion in the framework of finite fracture mechanics. The approach involves two material parameters, namely the tensile strength and the fracture toughness, and a critical distance (or finite crack advance), which results to be a structural property. The connection between the critical distance, the microstructure characteristic (i.e. the grain size) and the effective radius involved by other models proposed in the past will be outlined, providing an interesting overview on the studies carried out during the last four decades.
Offshore currents explain the discontinuity of a fish community in the seagrass bed along the Japanese archipelago
Authors: Fukuta Atsushi , Kamimura Yasuhiro , Hori Masakazu , Nakaoka Masahiro , Noda Tsutomu , Yamashita Yoh , Otake Tsuguo , Shoji Jun 
Published: November 2016

AbstractOceanographic conditions can affect spatial variability in fish community structures by influencing the temperature‐dependent latitudinal distribution of adult fishes and transport during their young stages. In order to examine latitudinal variability in the fish community structure within a single coastal ecosystem, quantitative sampling was conducted in the sub‐tidal zone of seagrass Zostera marina beds over a broad latitudinal scale (31.31–43.0°N: from subtropical to sub‐boreal zones, covering 80% of the latitudinal range of seagrass distribution in Japan) in the western North Pacific based on a uniform methodology. Cluster analysis with the similarity of fish communities showed that 13 sampling sites were divided into two clusters. The border between the two clusters corresponded with the area of mixing of two dominant currents, Oyashio and Kuroshio, which form a border between the warm temperate zone and the cool temperate zone off the Pacific coast of Japan. Oceanographic properties, such as major currents off the coast, are suggested to affect the latitudinal variability in the fish communities in the coastal ecosystem in the western North Pacific.
Winter sheltering by juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta) – effects of stream wood and an instream ectothermic predator
Authors: Enefalk Åsa , Watz Johan , Greenberg Larry , Bergman Eva 
Published: November 2016

Summary

In boreal streams, juvenile salmonids spend substantial amounts of time sheltering in the streambed and in stream wood, presumably as a means of protection against the physical environment and from terrestrial endothermic predators. Relatively little is known about sheltering by salmonids in response to instream ectothermic predators.

We tested the effects of burbot (Lota lota) on the winter sheltering behaviour of PIT‐tagged 0+ brown trout (Salmo trutta) in daylight and darkness. Sheltering in the streambed by trout was studied in the presence and absence of fine wood bundles.

We found that the use of streambed and fine wood was lower in darkness than in daylight. Availability of fine wood significantly decreased sheltering in the streambed, and this effect was more pronounced in daylight than in darkness. The presence of a burbot significantly decreased sheltering in the streambed, had no effect on use of fine wood and resulted in a higher number of exposed trout.

Our results indicate that juvenile brown trout decrease streambed sheltering in response to a burrowing, ectothermic predator.
The digitization of diaspora engagement: managing extraterritorial talent using the internet
Authors: KANG TINGYU 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this article, I examine how the government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) seeks to manage its skilled emigrants in the information age; I investigate the rationales, techniques and imageries underlying the use of the internet by the state. For the research, I used interviews, participant observation and documentary analysis to explore the case of London‐based Chinese professionals and their contacts with the PRC government. The findings demonstrate that two modes of internet use mainly manage these skilled emigrants. First, digitized diasporic associations play a key role in brokering the influences of the government among the diaspora. Second, the PRC government has set up websites to collect and manage information on skilled emigrants pertaining to their labour market potential. A nationalistic discourse of a caring and protective state of origin surround both governing practices. Nevertheless, some emigrants resist these internet‐mediated governing practices, through distrust and a calculated rationality underscored by a neoliberal logic.
Oligomerization of Hmo1 mediated by box A is essential for DNA binding in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Kasahara Koji , Higashino Ayako , Unzai Satoru , Yoshikawa Hirofumi , Kokubo Tetsuro 
Published: November 2016

Hmo1, a member of HMGB family proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, binds to and regulates the transcription of genes encoding ribosomal RNA and ribosomal proteins. The functional motifs of Hmo1 include two HMG‐like motifs, box A and box B, and a C‐terminal tail. To elucidate the molecular roles of the HMG‐like boxes in DNA binding in vivo, we analyzed the DNA‐binding activity of various Hmo1 mutants using ChIP or reporter assays that enabled us to conveniently detect Hmo1 binding to the promoter of RPS5, a major target gene of Hmo1. Our mutational analyses showed that box B is a bona fide DNA‐binding motif and that it also plays other important roles in cell growth. However, box A, especially its first α‐helix, contributes to DNA binding of Hmo1 by inducing self‐assembly of Hmo1. Intriguingly, box A mediated formation of oligomers of more than two proteins on DNA in vivo. Furthermore, duplication of the box B partially alleviates the requirement for box A. These findings suggest that the principal role of box A is to assemble multiple box B in the appropriate orientation, thereby stabilizing the binding of Hmo1 to DNA and nucleating specific chromosomal architecture on its target genes.
Easy read and accessible information for people with intellectual disabilities: Is it worth it? A meta‐narrative literature review
Authors: Chinn Deborah , Homeyard Claire 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe proliferation of “accessible information” for people with intellectual disabilities in UK health care has accelerated in recent years, underpinned by policy guidance alongside the recent introduction of mandatory standards. However, questions have been raised as to the impact of such resources as a means of enhancing involvement in health care and addressing health inequalities.ObjectiveTo review and synthesize the evidence from different approaches used to evaluate the impact of accessible information for people with intellectual disabilities using a meta‐narrative approach.Search strategyLiterature searches were iterative and incorporated formal databases, grey literature and hand searches alongside more intuitive and opportunistic methods.Inclusion criteriaIncluded English language papers published before December 2015 described the design and evaluation of written information adapted for adults with intellectual disabilities.Data extraction and synthesisWe organized the papers into five groups according to similarity in authors’ writing styles and presentation, epistemology and theoretical foundations, aims and methodologies, professional and organizational identities.Main resultsThe 42 included papers in the five groupings occupied diverse positions on (i) public communication vs individualized materials, (ii) literacy as decontextualized skills vs social practices and (iii) the expertise of patients vs professionals. There was limited evidence for the impact of accessible health information, notwithstanding the potential benefits associated with their creation.ConclusionsIndividually tailored information is more likely to meet personalized health information needs for people with intellectual disabilities. The emergence of different social formations in the creation of accessible information has potential for advancing engagement of diverse groups.
Exploring trust in online health information: a study of user experiences of patients.co.uk
Authors: Cunningham Anna , Johnson Frances 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis feature has been co‐authored by Anna Cunningham and her supervisor Frances Johnson. It is based on the research Anna conducted for her dissertation, which she completed as part of her MA in Library and Information Management at Manchester Metropolitan University. The study explored how people assess the trustworthiness of online health information, and the participants were asked to talk aloud whilst viewing information on the consumer health information website patients.co.uk. The study confirmed that their assessment was based on the information usefulness and credibility as well as identifying the factors relating to information quality and website design that helped to form these judgements.A. M.
Learning to write through reading
Authors: Grant Maria J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractNarrowing the gap between what we want to achieve as writings – publishing a report of our project – and what we achieve as readers – finding a study to inform our practice – can be challenging. One solution in enabling us to achieve this goal is to learn from close reading the writing of others, including writing in development. Close reading, appraisal in its broadest term, encourages us to articulate what we, putting us in touch with how an author has organised information, selected their words and structured their arguments.
The mitosis‐specific marker phosphohistone‐H3 (PHH3) is an independent prognosticator in uterine smooth muscle tumours: an outcome‐based study
Authors: Chow Kin‐Long , Tse Ka‐Yu , Cheung Ching‐Lung , Wong Ka‐Wing , Cheung Annie N Y , Wong Richard W C , Chan Alice N H , Yuen Nancy W F , Ngan Hextan Y S , Ip Philip P C 
Published: November 2016

AimsAccurate mitosis counting, which is important in the diagnosis of uterine smooth muscle tumours (USMTs), is often difficult and subjective. The mitosis‐specific immunohistochemical marker phosphohistone‐H3 (PHH3) has been shown to be diagnostically useful, but its expression, in relation to outcome, has not been thoroughly investigated. The aim of this study is to evaluate PHH3 as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in USMTs.Methods and resultsPHH3 expression was evaluated in 55 leiomyosarcomas (LMSs), 26 smooth muscle tumours of uncertain malignant potential (STUMPs), 18 leiomyomas with bizarre nuclei (LBN), and 12 leiomyomas (LMs). Scores were expressed as counts per 10 high‐power fields (HPFs). Median follow‐up durations of patients with LMS, STUMP, LBN and LM were, respectively, 39, 78, 65.5 and 49.5 months. Twenty‐eight patients with LMSs (50.9%) died, and two (7.7%) patients with STUMPs experienced recurrence. The median PHH3 scores for LMSs were significantly higher than those for other categories of tumour. A score of ≥29/10 HPFs was also independently associated with a poor outcome. To test whether the PHH3 score could distinguish between benign USMTs with atypical histology and those that were clinically malignant, two biological groups were further delineated. Patients in group 1 (18 LBNs and 24 STUMPs) all had an uneventful outcome, whereas patients in group 2 (two recurrent STUMPs and 32 LMSs) all had a recurrence or tumour‐related death. Median PHH3 scores for the two groups were, respectively, 2/10 HPFs and 27/10 HPFs. A PHH3 score of ≥7/10 HPFs was highly associated with malignancy.ConclusionPHH3 is useful in evaluation of the biological behaviour of USMTs, and may serve as a prognostic indicator for LMSs.
Lipid oxidation of brown rice stored at different temperatures
Authors: Liu Kunlun , Li Yang , Chen Fusheng , Yong Fang 
Published: November 2016

SummaryChanges in lipid oxidation and quality of brown rice stored at different temperatures were investigated. Fatty acid value (FAV), peroxide value (POV) and carbonyl value (CV) of brown rice were determined every 45 day for 270 day. Volatile compounds in seven samples stored for 0, 135 and 270 day were also identified. Relationships between volatile compounds and oxidative indices were analysed. Results revealed that the FAV, POV and CV of brown rice significantly increased (P < 0.05) with prolonged storage. Samples stored at low temperatures showed lower FAV, POV and CV than those stored at high temperatures. Brown rice stored under different conditions produced similar volatiles. Based on the principal component analysis of the volatiles, the first two principal components explained 58.20% of the variance. Volatiles of PC1 were correlated with FAV, POV and CV and can be used as an index to assess the quality of stored brown rice.
The impact of desmin on texture and water‐holding capacity of ice‐stored grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fillet
Authors: Zang Jinhong , Xu Yanshun , Xia Wenshui , Jiang Qixing 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThe objective of this work was to analyse the role of desmin in texture softening and water‐holding capacity (WHC) of ice‐stored grass carp fillet. Results indicated that shear force of the fillet decreased sharply within 3 days, while drip loss increased during the whole ice storage. Water mobility and distribution were measured by low‐field 1H NMR T2 relaxation that revealed a positive correlation (P < 0.01) between WHC and the mobility of the immobilised water (T21 relaxation time). Meanwhile, negative correlation could be established between intact desmin and drip loss (P < 0.01). Intact desmin was extremely correlated with shear force (P < 0.01) and positively correlated with calpains activity (P < 0.05). This study demonstrated that the degradation of desmin was involved in the mobility of the myofibrillar water and softening of grass carp fillet during ice storage. Furthermore, calpains autolysis seemed to result in desmin degradation.
Modelling the evolution of oxidative browning during storage of white wines: effects of packaging and closures
Authors: Ricci Arianna , Parpinello Giuseppina P. , Versari Andrea 
Published: November 2016

SummaryShelf life of products is a key parameter for any company at local and international level that wish to improve their competitiveness; thus, there is a need to search for methods that allow one to predict the shelf life of bottled wines. In this view, the progress of chemical oxidative reactions of six Italian white wines during storage (10 months after bottling), in different packaging, was monitored by means of selected oenological parameters. The optical density at 420 nm, an index of browning, showed a progressive increase that fitted the zero‐order kinetic rate. The onset of wine browning was further tested by means of accelerated ageing in controlled temperature conditions which results, modelled using the rate constants approach, showed an Arrhenius‐like dependence from temperature, allowing to estimate apparent activation energies of oxidative chemical browning (range: 46.8–88.3 kJ mol−1). Kinetic and thermodynamic approach provided a useful tool to predict quality changes of white wines during storage with respect to packaging conditions.
Diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation in Japanese patients: The Japan Academic Consortium of Kidney Transplantation study
Authors: Okumi Masayoshi , Unagami Kohei , Hirai Toshihito , Shimizu Tomokazu , Ishida Hideki , Tanabe Kazunari ,   the Japan Academic Consortium of Kidney Transplantation (JACK)
Published: November 2016

ObjectivesTo clarify the incidence rate of post‐transplant diabetes mellitus and associated risk factors in Japanese kidney transplant recipients, and to explore which treatment components are most effective in reducing post‐transplant diabetes mellitus.MethodsWe analyzed 849 Japanese non‐diabetic adult recipients who had undergone living kidney transplantation and had received tacrolimus‐based immunosuppression from 1996 to 2013 with a median follow‐up of 5 years.ResultsIn all, 127 patients developed post‐transplant diabetes mellitus during the follow‐up period. The incidence rate of post‐transplant diabetes mellitus was 15.1% (95% confidence interval 12.7–17.5) at 5 years. Recipient age (hazard ratio 1.05, 95% confidence interval 1.05–1.06, P < 0.001 for every 5‐year increase), obesity (hazard ratio 1.70, 95% confidence interval 1.06–2.73, P = 0.028), tacrolimus trough level at 2 weeks post‐transplantation (hazard ratio 1.06, 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.09, P < 0.001 for a 1‐ng/mL increase) and mycophenolate mofetil use (hazard ratio 0.46, 95% confidence interval 0.28–0.77, P = 0.003) were significant predictors of post‐transplant diabetes mellitus. Estimated 5‐year predicted incidence rate after adjusting for age and obesity was 9.4% for recipients with a low tacrolimus trough level, and receiving mycophenolate mofetil and 38.4% for recipients with a high tacrolimus trough level and not receiving mycophenolate mofetil.ConclusionsPost‐transplant diabetes mellitus is a common complication in Japan, similar to that in other Western countries. The present results show that an appropriate immunosuppressive regimen with a combination of tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil can reduce the likelihood of developing post‐transplant diabetes mellitus. Clinical trials are required to confirm these findings.
Knockdown of genes in the Toll pathway reveals new lethal RNA interference targets for insect pest control
Authors: Bingsohn L. , Knorr E. , Billion A. , Narva K. E. , Vilcinskas A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractRNA interference (RNAi) is a promising alternative strategy for ecologically friendly pest management. However, the identification of RNAi candidate genes is challenging owing to the absence of laboratory strains and the seasonality of most pest species. Tribolium castaneum is a well‐established model, with a strong and robust RNAi response, which can be used as a high‐throughput screening platform to identify potential RNAi target genes. Recently, the cactus gene was identified as a sensitive RNAi target for pest control. To explore whether the spectrum of promising RNAi targets can be expanded beyond those found by random large‐scale screening, to encompass others identified using targeted knowledge‐based approaches, we constructed a Cactus interaction network. We tested nine genes in this network and found that the delivery of double‐stranded RNA corresponding to fusilli and cactin showed lethal effects. The silencing of cactin resulted in 100% lethality at every developmental stage from the larva to the adult. The knockdown of pelle, Dorsal‐related immunity factor and short gastrulation reduced or even prevented egg hatching in the next generation. The combination of such targets with lethal and parental RNAi effects can now be tested against different pest species in field studies.