bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The aqueous tuber extract of Pueraria tuberosa (Willd.) D.C. caused cytotoxic effect on HT 29 cell lines with down regulation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)
Authors: Adedapo Adeolu Alex , Fagbohun Olusegun A , Dawurung Christianah , Oyagbemi Ademola Adetokunbo , Omobowale Temidayo Olutayo , Yakubu Momoh Audu 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background

Pueraria tuberosa (Willd) D.C. (Fabaceae) tubers are already used in traditional medicine by Ayurvedic physicians for the management of fertility disorders, general weakness, and also as anti-ageing therapies. Other known pharmacological properties include: anti-hyperglycemics, hepatoprotective, anti-hyperlipidemic, diuretic, nutritive, and anti-fertility agents in male rats.

Methods
The anti-proliferative effect of the aqueous tuberous root extract of Pueraria tuberosa on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cell lines (HT-29) was investigated using the Cell Titer 96 MTT Proliferation Assay where the viable cells were seeded at a density of 5 × 104 (100 µL/well). For VSMC, log concentrations of the extract at 200 and 800 µg/mL were added and incubated for 24 and 48 h time points. Incubation of the extract in the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and ET-1 was also conducted at different times. Concentrations of the extract (200, 400 and 700 µg/mL) were also added and incubated with the HT 29 cell lines for 24, 48 and 72 h time points. The effect of the tuber aqueous extract of the plant on nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression after 2 h was also carried out using immunoblotting technique.

Results
The result showed that after 24 h, the effect of the extract in the presence of the mitogens and on the VSMC was more of proliferation. However, at 48 h, the 200 µg/mL dose, both alone and in the presence of VEGF caused 11.1% and 25.9% decreases respectively, in cell proliferation. In the HT 29 cytotoxic study the 200 µg/mL concentration caused the greatest cytotoxic effect at 77.1% cell inhibition followed by 400 µg/mL concentration at 71.4% after 72 h. The immunoblotting assay showed a down regulation of NF-κB expressions with 0.7 µg/mL concentration showing the greatest effect. NF-κB, a pro-inflammatory agent is increasingly recognized as a crucial player in many steps of cancer initiation and progression.

Conclusions
It could therefore be concluded that the aqueous root extract of Pueraria tuberosa possesses cytotoxic effect and could serve as a lead compound for anticancer and anti-inflammatory agents.
Inference with Difference-in-Differences Revisited
Authors: Brewer Mike , Crossley Thomas F. , Joyce Robert 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
A growing literature on inference in difference-in-differences (DiD) designs has been pessimistic about obtaining hypothesis tests of the correct size, particularly with few groups. We provide Monte Carlo evidence for four points: (i) it is possible to obtain tests of the correct size even with few groups, and in many settings very straightforward methods will achieve this; (ii) the main problem in DiD designs with grouped errors is instead low power to detect real effects; (iii) feasible GLS estimation combined with robust inference can increase power considerably whilst maintaining correct test size – again, even with few groups, and (iv) using OLS with robust inference can lead to a perverse relationship between power and panel length.
Almost congruence extension property for subgroups of free groups
Authors: Glebsky Lev , Saul Nevarez Nieto 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Let H be a subgroup of F and

〈

〈
H
〉

〉

F

{\langle\kern-1.422638pt\langle H\rangle\kern-1.422638pt\rangle_{F}}

the normal closure of H in F. We say that H has the Almost Congruence Extension Property (ACEP) in F if
there is a finite set of nontrivial elements

ϝ
⊂
H

{\digamma\subset H}

such that for any normal subgroup N of H
one has

H
∩

〈

〈
N
〉

〉

F

=
N

{H\cap\langle\kern-1.422638pt\langle N\rangle\kern-1.422638pt\rangle_{F}=N}

whenever

N
∩
ϝ

=
∅

{N\cap\digamma=\emptyset}

.
In this paper, we provide a sufficient condition for a subgroup of a free
group to not possess ACEP. It also shows
that any finitely generated subgroup of a free group satisfies some
generalization of ACEP.
Normal subgroups in limit groups of prime index
Authors: Weigel Thomas S. , Gutierrez Jhoel S. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Motivated by their study of pro-p limit groups,
D. H. Kochloukova and P. A. Zalesskii formulated in [15, Remark after Theorem 3.3]
a question concerning the minimum number of generators

d
⁢

(
N
)

{d(N)}

of a normal subgroup N
of prime index p in a non-abelian limit group G (see Question*). It is shown that
the analogous question for the rational rank has an affirmative answer (see Theorem A).
From this result one may conclude that the original question of
Kochloukova and Zalesskii
has an affirmative answer
if the abelianization

G
ab

{G^{\mathrm{ab}}}

of G is torsion free and

d
⁢

(
G
)

=

d
⁢

(

G
ab

)

{d(G)=d(G^{\mathrm{ab}})}

(see Corollary B),
or if G is a special kind of one-relator group (see Theorem D).
Uncountable locally free groups and their group rings
Authors: Nishinaka Tsunekazu 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In this note, we show that an uncountable locally free group G,
and therefore every locally free group, has a free subgroup
whose cardinality is the same as that of G.
This result directly improves the main result in [4]
and establishes the primitivity of group rings
of locally free groups.
RSA: A number of formulas to improve the search for p + q p+q
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed , Alkhelaifi Abdulrahman 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBreaking RSA is one of the fundamental problems in cryptography. Due to its reliance on the difficulty of the integer factorization problem, no efficient solution has been found despite decades of extensive research. One of the possible ways to break RSA is by finding the value
Translation and Big Data Technology: Challenges and Implications
Authors: Cheng Wei 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In China, a growing market for language service along and rapidly-developing technology have ushered in a new wave of T&I software development. Despite translation tools’ wide range of applications and the current explosion of AI, translation memory and translation tools’ machine learning algorithms are far from satisfactory in providing language solutions. Unfortunately, an overreliance on technology has reduced some translators to machine operators or post-editors, as their traditional skills of critical thinking, analysis, and aesthetic pursuit have declined. By analyzing cases where machine translation gave incorrect suggestions, this article aims to explore the relationship between emerging technology and traditional professionalism in T&I. The author believes that technology and professionalism are not in a zero-sum game; technology does not deprive translators of job opportunities, but rather their analytical skills, critical thinking and aesthetic pursuits. While technology is going to streamline the more basic and repetitive aspects of translation work, in-depth cultural exchanges and communication will only be achievable by professional translators.
A low-cost approach for measuring electrical load currents in triboelectric nanogenerators
Authors: Mallineni Sai Sunil Kumar , Behlow Herbert , Podila Ramakrishna , Rao Apparao M. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Research into the development of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) has exponentially expanded over the last 5 years with TENGs expected to be a prominent alternative energy-harvesting source in the near future. Notwithstanding the rapid progress in TENG development and their applications, the start-up cost of required research equipment and components remains high for new entrants into the field. A substantial portion of that cost is for the preamplifier, which is needed for measuring the output current of a TENG. Here, an ultra-low-cost device is presented that can measure the TENG output current, which is a crucial parameter in the characterization of TENG electrical performance. This alternative approach is expected to enable research groups in the future to partially offset the initial expense of instrumentation necessary for TENG research, and accelerate the development and applications of TENGs.
Metaphorical Association Between Physical and Moral Purity in the Context of One’s Own Transgressions and Immoral Behavior of Others
Authors: Sekulak Martyna , Maciuszek Józef 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The Macbeth effect is a metaphorical association between physical and moral cleanliness - transgression of one’s morality leads to increased desire to clean oneself (Zhong & Liljenquist, 2006). Earlier studies examined psychological associations between bodily and moral purity according to controlled processes, such as rating product desirability. The influence of the Macbeth effect on more automatic processes (stimuli processing speed) was explored in three studies. We examined whether thinking about one’s moral transgression (Studies 1 and 3) or others’ immoral behavior (Study 2) contributed to slower reaction times (RTs) to stimuli related to physical purification. It seems that automatic processes may also be affected by the metaphor “morality is purity”: It is manifested in slower RTs to stimuli associated with bodily cleansing when recalling one’s own past transgressions (Study 3) and in slower responses to words connected with purification of the external world while recalling immoral behaviors of others (Study 2).
Propuesta metodológica para la evaluación de la madurez del sistema de gestión de continuidad del negocio en el sector financiero bancario colombiano bajo el enfoque de la norma ISO 22301:2012
Authors: Olarte Rojas Andrés Darío 
Published: October 2017

<p>El presente artículo busca comprender la necesidad de las entidades financieras bancarias de Colombia por tener una metodología integral que mida y evalúe<br />la madurez del sistema de gestión de continuidad del negocio en cada una de ellas y del sector en particular. Se plantea una propuesta concreta de herramienta metodológica para ser aplicada en las diferentes entidades<br />del sector, que se inicia con la definición del problema, encontrando que las entidades bancarias en alguna medida carecen de la herramienta y se identifica<br />la ausencia y poca aplicación de un diagnóstico o evaluación gremial en general, con enfoque en las diferentes normas y metodologías aplicadas a la continuidad<br />de los negocios. Por lo tanto, se analizan los antecedentes en contextos evaluados, destacando las organizaciones que han tenido impactos considerables<br />por no tener definido un plan de continuidad del negocio y las repercusiones que ello ha generado, para justificar la necesidad del estudio. Se establecen unos<br />objetivos enfocados a la construcción y entrega de la propuesta metodológica, para lo cual se elabora una encuesta que se aplica a las entidades con el fin de<br />construir un diagnóstico estructurado de las mismas; junto con las metodologías de evaluación de madurez y la norma técnica ISO 22301:2012, se construye una<br />herramienta metodológica práctica, de evaluación de la madurez del plan de continuidad de negocio de las entidades del sector bancario. Como resultado se obtiene la herramienta metodológica la cual describe los criterios y aspectos para evaluar mediante unos niveles definidos. Se concluye que las entidades tienen aspectos que deben fortalecer en la estructura y componentes de su plan de continuidad de negocio, para contar con la capacidad, respuesta, reacción y recursos necesarios para atender eventos de continuidad del negocio que se puedan presentar, ya que actualmente solo algunas entidades evalúan la madurez como factor crítico de evolución de su plan de continuidad del negocio. Esta herramienta aporta direccionamiento y bases estructurales en el tema a las entidades, frente al cumplimiento de las mejores prácticas y a la evolución del plan de continuidad del negocio.</p>
Metodología para fortalecer la participación del personal en el Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo en una empresa del sector aeronáutico
Authors: González Bucurú John Alexander 
Published: October 2017

<p>Este artículo presenta los resultados de un proyecto de investigación cuyo propósito fue definir una metodología para el fortalecimiento de la participación del personal<br />en el Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo - SG-SST en una empresa del sector aeronáutico. Se diseñaron encuestas y entrevistas para<br />evaluar el nivel de participación del personal en el SGSST y los mecanismos que los trabajadores utilizaban para involucrarse en el mismo. Se evidenció que el nivel de participación del personal de los niveles táctico y operativo fue significativo, es decir un nivel intermedio; el nivel de participación del personal directivo fue variable, entre bajo, significativo y elevado.</p><p>Posteriormente, se definió una metodología que describe las acciones para fortalecer la participación del personal de los niveles estratégico, táctico y operativo de la empresa en el Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo, siguiendo el ciclo de mejoramiento continuo PHVA (planear, hacer, verificar, actuar) y los mecanismos de participación información, consulta<br />y codecisión. Expertos en seguridad y salud en el trabajo validaron la metodología propuesta, indicando que cumplió los criterios de validación definidos.</p>
MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF THE COMMUNITY-ASSOCIATED METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS CLONES: A SYNTHETIC REVIEW
Authors: Junie Lia Monica , Jeican Ionuț Isaia , Matroș Luminița , Pandrea Stanca Lucia 
Published: October 2017

The article presents a synthetic molecular characterization of the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and describes the most important community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) clones that circulate nowadays in the world: the main molecular and epidemiological characteristics, as well as notions related to the clinic of infections produced by these clones and their antibiotic resistance spectrum.The predominant clone of CA-MRSA in North America is USA300 – ST8-IV in North America, in Australia – Queensland (Qld) MRSA (ST93-IV), in Europe – ST80-IV, in Asia there is a high heterogeneity of clones population, in Africa the distribution of CA-MRSA clones is unclear, and in South America – USA 1100 and USA300-Latin American variant are predominant .The molecular diagnosis is performed by highly specialized institutions. The knowledge of clones allows the study of antibiotic resistance spectrum for each one, a fact of great importance for medical practice. Molecular epidemiology of the CA-MRSA shows that lowly restricted sales of antibiotics in shops and pharmacies, as well as medical prescribing practices without a laboratory investigation, especially in Eastern Europe and Asia, contribute to the development of new MRSA clones with increased resistance to antibiotics.
The Relations Between the Elements of a Sentence in Utterances of Autistic Children Formulated in the Polish Language
Authors: Boksa Ewa 
Published: October 2017

This paper discusses the problem of syntax skills in children with autism. The main research problem pertained to the course of development of syntax in children with autistic disorders. This study compared the syntactic competence of two autistic boys aged 8 years. The linguistic analysis of the testimonies revealed differences in the way sentences were constructed. Nevertheless, in the messages of both boys errors appeared indicating impaired communication competence. Thus, the goal of the research was an attempt to analyse children’s utterances, taking into account the main types of utterances, their structure and grammatical correctness. The research aimed at finding and capturing other forms of expression, typical for children with autism. The syntax skills of children with autism are not very good. If children construct utterances, these are usually synthetically and grammatically poor sentences. Autistic children are unable to combine the two constituents of a sign into a single whole. In addition, they find it difficult to understand words that have a double meaning, namely literal and figurative. The children form short, incomplete, not very detailed utterances, meager in terms of content.
Integrating Features of Islamic Traditional Home and Smart Home
Authors: El Basyouni Mona 
Published: October 2017

<p><span lang="EN-US">Architecture is a mirror that reflects the various elements of its environment and surroundings, such as climate, geographical characteristics, standard architectural principles, and social, cultural and scientific developments. </span><span lang="EN-US">Muslims of different regions were able, through architecture, to portray their temperaments and environments, free of external influence and guarantee life goals for users. </span><span lang="EN-US">Every day, building owners and occupants experience the constant challenges of comfort, convenience, cost, productivity, performance and sustainability. Owners, designers, builders, and operators are continuously faced with new processes, technologies and offerings to help them achieve better building performance. </span><span lang="EN-US">Since an</span><span lang="EN-US"> intelligent building is run by a “system of systems” that is integrated to deliver a higher level of operational efficiency and an improved set of user-interface tools than are usually found in traditional building automation</span><span lang="EN-US">; at the other hand</span><span lang="EN-US"> Arab homes with Islamic Identity gu</span><span lang="EN-US">arantee all life goals for use.. Hence, this research focus on the smart environmental treatments of Islamic features for traditional architecture in Arabs homes, features of smart home and life goals for resident users.Trying to achieve a methodology combining them for enriching Arab experience of traditional architecture and its architectural results, with the modern trends of smart architecture. This combination aims at creating a residential model combining the benefits and features of Arab Islamic identity and intelligent design.<span> </span></span></p>
Minimal Incision Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Stevenson Ciara , Ogonda Luke , Blaney Janine , Dennison Janice , O’Brien Seamus , Beverland David 
Published: October 2017

Abstract:
In 2005, we conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial that demonstrated that, compared with a standard incision, a minimal incision technique did not improve early outcomes of total hip arthroplasty (THA). There was concern that reduced exposure could compromise long-term outcome. For the current study, all surviving participants were invited to return for 10-year radiographic and clinical evaluation. Outcome scores were available for 152 patients (69.4%) from the original cohort, and radiographs were available for 126 (57.5%). The median duration of follow-up was 124 months. We did not find significant differences in functional status or radiographic outcome between the minimal and standard incision groups at 10 years. The 10-year implant survival rate was 99.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 97.3% to 100%) in the standard incision group and 97.9% (95% CI = 95.1% to 100%) in the minimal incision group (p = 0.57). We concluded that minimal incision THA performed by a high-volume surgeon does not compromise long-term results but offers no benefit over a standard incision.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Single-Dose, Preoperative Vitamin-D Supplementation Decreases Infection in a Mouse Model of Periprosthetic Joint Infection
Authors: Hegde Vishal , Dworsky Erik M. , Stavrakis Alexandra I. , Loftin Amanda H. , Zoller Stephen D. , Park Howard Y. , Richman Sherif , Johansen Daniel , Hu Yan , Taylor Julie A. , Hamad Christopher D. , Chun Rene F. , Xi Weixian , Adams John S. , Bernthal Nicholas M. 
Published: October 2017

Background:
Despite recent advances, infection remains the most common etiology of arthroplasty failure. Recent work suggests that 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) deficiency correlates with the frequency of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). We endeavored to examine whether 25D3 deficiency leads to increased bacterial burden in vivo in an established mouse model of PJI and, if so, whether this effect can be reversed by preoperative 25D3 supplementation.

Methods:
Mice (lys-EGFP) possessing fluorescent neutrophils were fed a vitamin D3-sufficient (n = 20) or deficient (n = 40) diet for 6 weeks. A group of 25D3-deficient mice (n = 20) were “rescued” with 1 intraperitoneal dose of 25D3 at 3 days before surgery. A stainless steel implant was inserted into the knee joint and the joint space was inoculated with bioluminescent Staphylococcus aureus (1 × 103 colony forming units [CFUs]). In vivo imaging was used to monitor bacterial burden and neutrophil infiltration. Blood was drawn to confirm 25D3 levels 3 days before surgery and on postoperative days (PODs) 0 and 14. Mice were killed at POD 21, and CFUs were quantified after culture. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) were assayed to look at neutrophil infiltration and activated tissue macrophage recruitment, respectively.

Results:
Serum values confirmed 25D3 deficiency and repletion of the 25D3-rescued group. Bacterial bioluminescence and neutrophil fluorescence were significantly greater (p < 0.05) in the 25D3-deficient group. CFU counts from the joint tissue and implant were also significantly greater in this group (p < 0.05). Rescue treatment significantly decreased bacterial burden and neutrophil infiltration (p < 0.05). Compared with the 25D3-sufficient and 25D3-rescued groups, MPO activity was higher (p < 0.02) and NAG activity was lower (p < 0.03) in the 25D3-deficient group.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrated in vivo in a mouse model of PJI that (1) 25D3 deficiency results in increased bacterial burden and neutrophil infiltration, and (2) this effect can be reversed with preoperative repletion of 25D3.

Clinical Relevance:
Considering that >65% of patients undergoing arthroplasty have insufficient or low levels of total 25D and that 25D levels can be replenished with ease using a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved, oral 25D3 product, 25D deficiency may be an important modifiable risk factor in humans undergoing joint replacement.
Application of image processing on struvite recovery from swine wastewater by using the fluidized bed
Authors: Ye Zhi-Long , Deng Yujun , Ye Xin , Lou Yaoyin , Chen Shaohua 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Fluidized granulation is one of the common methods used in wastewater treatment and resource recovery with harvesting millimeter-scale large particles. Presently, effective methods are lacking to measure the fluidized granules ranging from micro- to millimeter scales, with the consequence of ineffectively controlling and optimizing the granulation process. In this work, recovering struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) from swine wastewater by using a fluidized bed was taken as an example. Image processing was applied to analyze the properties of different types of struvite granules, including morphology, particle size distribution, number density and mass concentration. Four stages of the struvite crystal evolution were therefore defined: aggregation, aggregate compaction, cluster-agglomerating and coating growth. These stages could occur simultaneously or sequentially. Up-flow rates of 30–80 mm/s in the fluidized bed sustained 600–876 g/L granular solids. Results revealed that the coating-growth granules were formed with compact aggregates or cluster-agglomerating granules as the nuclei. The growth rates for the different types of particles, including population growth, mass increase and particle size enlargement, were determined. In final, a schematic illustration for struvite granulation process is also presented.