bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quid mihi?
Authors: Utz Konrad 
Published: April 2016

AbstractKant did not explain the method of his foundation of ethics expressly. However, we can comprehend it as the demonstration of the originality of morality. For morality cannot be derived from anything non-moral – such a relation of derivation would destroy it. Therefore, there cannot be a justification or proof of morality in the strong sense, there can only be a “groundwork”, as the term “Grundlegung” is normally translated in English. This groundwork or grounding consists in disclosing the place or topos and the turn or trope of its originating. According to Kant, the first is the will as practical reason; the latter is the turn of the will towards itself as autonomy. The result of such groundwork is, first, the evidence of the authenticity of morality and, hence, its unconditional validity – since such original validity is not conditioned on anything extra-moral. Second, we get a normative criterion for the contents of morality, which in Kant takes the form of the Categorical Imperative. The article seeks to defend the view that there is no alternative to Kant’s method of the foundation of ethics. However, by describing this method in a purely formal way, the author aims to open up the possibility to implement it in another way and with other results than Kant does.
Rechtswissenschaft, Geschichte und die institutionelle Natur des Rechts
Authors: Lacey Nicola 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn this paper, I argue that history deserves a more central place in jurisprudential thinking. The argument rests on an understanding of law as having a fundamental institutional dimension, as well as being a product of social power and interests. Since law realises itself in terms of intersecting institutional arrangements and since these change over time, institutional history is central to the very idea of law which jurisprudence aspires to illuminate. The argument is pursued through a case study in special jurisprudence: an analysis of the trajectory of ideas of criminal responsibility in English law since the 18thcentury. While a broad family resemblance among ideas of responsibility in different eras can be identified, the variations on those ideas, and their relative importance and impact, depend fundamentally on historically contingent constellations of ideas, institutions and interests.
Elvis Ain’t Dead Until We Say So
Authors: Lizza John P. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMuch of the discussion of the definition and criteria of death occurs within the framework of what James Bernat has called the “paradigm of death” – a set of conditions and assumptions that defines the nature of the phenomena and its conceptual boundaries. Two assumptions in this paradigm are that death is “an immutable and objective biological fact and not fundamentally a social contrivance” and that “‘death’ can be applied directly and categorically only to organisms” and not to persons (persons can die in only a “metaphorical” sense). I challenge these assumptions and argue that defining death is not simply a biological matter but also a matter for metaphysical, moral, and cultural reflection. When it comes to deciding among non-brain, whole-brain or higher-brain formulations of death, biological considerations are insufficient. Disagreement among proponents of these formulations can be traced to disagreements over the nature of the kind of being we are or to moral, social or cultural differences. This is illustrated by a critical analysis of the position taken by the U. S. President’s Council on Bioethics in its White Paper, Controversies in the Determination of Death (2008). Thus, while it may be false in some contexts to say that Elvis ain’t dead until we say so, insofar as defining death involves metaphysical, moral, and cultural considerations, Elvis ain’t dead until we say so.
A Study of the Consumer Motives which Influence the Purchase of Organic Food in Serbia
Authors: Vehapi Semir 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The organic food market in Serbia is in its initial phase of development and can be considered a developing market. A deeper understanding of consumer motivation is possible through an adequate marketing approach which will provide increased organic food purchasing per capita and the quicker development of the national market. This paper presents a selection of the most important findings, which the author obtained from a quantitative study carried out in Serbia. We studied and analyzed the main reasons why people purchase organic food and the obstacles to buying these products, as well as the willingness of consumers to pay a higher price for organic products in comparison to the alternative products obtained from conventional food production systems. The presented results support the theoretical conclusions acquired from numerous previous studies carried out in various countries. Starting from the obtained research results, the conclusion offers a recommendation for the implementation of successful strategies of the marketing mix instruments.
Comparative Analysis of Financial Stability Policy of The National Bank of Serbia and The European Central Bank
Authors: Jemović Mirjana , Krstić Borko 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The Republic of Serbia has successfully completed the first part in the European Union integration process, being granted candidate status for membership in the European Union (EU). The stage of accession negotiations is in progress, and it includes the full harmonization with the EU acquis, whereby the analytical review of legislation, the so-called screening is being carried out in 35 chapters. The global financial crisis that affected our country in 2008 has required a timely reaction of the National Bank of Serbia (NBS) in order to preserve the financial system stability, especially the banking sector as its most important segment. As the financial services sector adjusts within chapter 9, the aim of this paper is to assess the level of compliance of national legislation with the EU legislation regarding banking sector. Along with the regulatory initiatives in the field of preserving financial stability in the EU countries, the NBS has paid great attention to the harmonization of its financial stability policy with the financial stability policy of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB).
Are Foreign Direct Investment Contribution to The Economic Growth of Transition?
Authors: Nestorović Olgica 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The main aim of this paper is to show whether foreign direct investments affect the development of transition countries. This paper represents an empirical model where you analyze sixteen countries in transition in the 10-year period. The existence of a positive correlation between the level of incoming foreign direct investments and economic characteristics of the economy, as well as its competitiveness, is obvious in numerous studies that have studied this subject, but there are also some opposite standpoints. The increase of foreign direct investments in host country by itself does not imply a positive impact on economic growth, but it depends on numerous factors such as human capital, financial structure development, macroeconomic stability and other institutional factors.
Geographical Deviation and Historical Development
Authors: Jakšić Miomir 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Different destinies of particular countries and nonexistence of warranted economic and social prosperity are explained by two paradigms: geographical and institutional one. Geographical paradigm insists upon the significance of physical geography, climate, ecology, that shape technology and individual behaviour. Institutional paradigm attributes the central role of institutions which promote investment in human, physical capital and technology. These two approaches have their roots in: 1. Traditional society theory (Theory of Asiatic mode of production): differences in traditional societies of each country explain their different growth rates and level of economic development, and 2. World system theory: only countries that escaped colonial status have a chance to develop.
The Policy of Renewable Energy Sources in the Function of the Environmental Protection in the EU
Authors: Đorđević Dejan Ž. , Veselinović Milan 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The policy of renewable energy sources has gained more importance over recent years. The European Union is facing serious challenges regarding greenhouse gas emissions and energy sustainability, followed by the supply security, import dependence and competitiveness as well as the effective implementation of the internal energy market. The energy policy of the European Union is the most effective response to the new situation the member states of the European Union are facing. The EU energy policy aims to cause a new industrial revolution and the growth of the economic energy efficiency with low emissions of carbon dioxide. In order to achieve this, targets have been set for the future. Among them is the increase in the share of production and consumption of renewable energy in the total energy balance.
Process Orientation as a Basis for increasing supply chain Management Maturity
Authors: Radosavljević Marija 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Process management is an essential element of modern management models, at the enterprise level, but also at the supply chain level. However, the importance of process management is explicitly indicated by the process management maturity models, through analysis of the level of process orientation, or through analysis of the level of quality of process orientation components. Starting from the fact that competition in modern conditions often takes place between supply chains, process management maturity grows into supply chain management maturity. Some of the supply chain management maturity models are SCMAT model, S(CM)2 model and SCPM3 model. In this paper the framework of another supply chain management maturity is formulated, by upgrading the SCOR model with process orientation, or SCORBPO model. This model involves analysis of the presence of supply chain management best practice, on one hand, and the presence of process orientation components, on the other hand. The aim of the research was to identify the maturity of enterprises in Serbia in applying supply chain management best practice, as well as process orientation components that are potential sources of competitive advantage or constraints for enterprises and supply chains. Analysis of justification of hypotheses is done by using correlation and regression analysis. The general conclusion is that between the presence of best practices and process orientation components there is a positive correlation, and that most of the process orientation components affect the implementation of supply chain management best practices.
Training System for Crisis Management Supported by Contemporary Information Technologies
Authors: Milićević Vladimir , Milovanović Slavoljub 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In a transition period lasting more than twenty years in Serbia, many organizations exist in turbulent and uncertain political, economic and social environment. Great changes in the environment with implications which are difficult to predict pose to the management of the organizations many crisis situations. Every manager possessing standard skills and knowledge for enterprise management must acquire additional skills for management of the crisis situations. Crisis management is set of actions undertaken to control over events composing crisis, in order to minimize losses. In order to undertake appropriate actions in crisis time, manager should know the direction of future events movement and how to allocate resources for reaction to the events. In that situation, the great problem is uncertainty resulting from fast and immediate emergence of crisis events, its complexity and unpredictability. Training system that has aim to enable managers for reaction in crisis situations is analysed in the paper. The system is based on application of contemporary information technologies. In addition, trends and opportunities of electronic learning and training as well as challenges in the development of a training program for crisis management is explained.
The Differences in the Importance of Certain Aspects of Business Success for Female Entrepreneurs of Different Age and Education
Authors: Stošić Danijela 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to examine the importance of different aspects of business success for different age and educational groups of female entrepreneurs in the Republic of Serbia. An empirical study was conducted on a sample of 40 female entrepreneurs from several urban areas in the Republic of Serbia. The data are analysed by conducting the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and one-way Multivariate Analysis of Variances (MANOVA). Results show that all different aspects of business success that were examined can be grouped around two main dimensions - qualitative and quantitative one. Although certain differences in the importance of these dimensions between female entrepreneurs of different age and education were found, they were not statistically important. However, this research can be seen as a pilot study, so further research, which would possibly presuppose a realization of a larger sample, can be carried out starting from the defined conceptual and methodological framework.
Similarities and Differences in Operating the Performance of Audit Firms in Serbia
Authors: Jakšić Dejan , Mijić Kristina , Bonić Ljiljana 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Cluster analysis of audit firms in Serbia was carried out in order to assess the similarities and differences between audit firms. This analysis shows that “Big four” audit firms are significantly different from other audit firms by market position and human potential, but not according to net income. In addition, it can be noted that there are significant differences in observed performance indicators between individual audit firms.
Design of Microstrip Lowpass Filter Using bend Configuration with Excellent sharpness in Transition Band
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Mohammad Hadi , Makki Seyed Vahab Al-Din , Siahkamari Hesam 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In this letter, a microstrip lowpass filter (LPF) using bend configuration with several excellent features such as a compact size, great roll-off rate and high rejection in the stopband is presented. This structure is composed of a spiral transmission line loaded by several stepped impedance and T-shaped resonators. The cut-off frequency of the proposed filter is equal to 2.73 GHz and the transition band is from 2.73 up to 2.82 GHz with –3 and –20 dB attenuation point, respectively, which represents a very high sharpness in the transition band. To achieve a –40 dB rejection level in the stopband, multiple open stub and T-shaped patches are utilized. An acceptable agreement between EM-simulation and measurement results is observed.
Circulating C19 steroids and progesterone metabolites in women with acute depression and anxiety disorders
Authors: Hill Martin , Řípová Daniela , Mohr Pavel , Kratochvílová Zuzana , Velíková Marta , Dušková Michaela , Bičíková Marie , Stárka Luboslav 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Depression and anxiety disorders are highly prevalent in women. Although several studies have reported altered circulating steroids accompanying various mental disturbances, knowledge about alterations in the peripheral steroid pattern in such pathologies is incomplete. Therefore, we attempted to add to this knowledge using the simultaneous quantification of circulating steroids by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in groups of premenopausal women in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle (22 women with depression, 17 with anxiety disorders, 17 healthy controls). In addition to age-adjusted analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) followed by multiple comparisons, we developed models to successfully discriminate these groups from each other on the basis of steroid levels. Women with depression showed a reduced sulfoconjugation of steroids as well as lower levels of 7α-, 7β- and 16α-hydroxy-metabolites of C19 Δ5 steroids. Women with depression have significantly lower circulating levels of 5α/β-reduced pregnane steroids (with exception of free isopregnanolone) than women with anxiety or controls. Finally, our data indicate higher levels of estrogens in women with anxiety disorders when compared to women with depression.
Effects of Ultrasound on the Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activities of Chestnut Polysaccharide
Authors: Hou Fan , Wu Yanwen , Kan Lina , Li Qian , Xie Shuangshuang , Ouyang Jie 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
A comparison of chestnut polysaccharide extraction using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and hot water extraction (HWE) demonstrated that UAE is superior to HWE due to its higher extraction efficiency. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis-differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the ultrasound-assisted-extracted polysaccharide (UAEP) and hot water-extracted polysaccharide (HWEP). SEM images revealed that the UAEP and chestnut residue were crushed, with particle sizes that were smaller than those of the HWEP, which was related to the breakage of long-chain polysaccharides. TGA-DSC showed a higher transition temperature and enthalpy value for the UAEP than the HWEP, and the FTIR spectrum revealed typical characteristics of polysaccharides, with some differences between the UAEP and HWEP. The evaluation of antioxidant activities showed that the UAEP had stronger antioxidant capacities than the HWEP, regardless of the reducing power and DPPH-, ABTS- and hydroxyl radical-scavenging activities, suggesting that ultrasound is an optimal method to rapidly extract chestnut polysaccharide, a potential natural antioxidant.
Intercept Homogeneity Test for Fixed Effect Models under Cross-sectional Dependence: Some Insights
Authors: Basak Gopal K. , Das Samarjit 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis paper develops a test for intercept homogeneity in fixed-effects one-way error component models assuming slope homogeneity. We show that the proposed test works equally well when intercepts are assumed to be either fixed (non-stochastic) or random. Moreover, this test can also be used to test for random effect vs. fixed effect although in the restrictive sense. The test is shown to be robust to cross-sectional dependence; for both
Exposure to sunshine early in life prevented development of type 1 diabetes in Danish boys
Authors: Jacobsen Ramune , Frederiksen Peder , Heitmann Berit L. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe aimed to assess the association between exposure to sunshine during gestation and the risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Danish children.The study population included 331,623 individuals born in Denmark from 1983 to 1988; 886 (0.26%) developed T1D by the age of 15 years. The values of sunshine hours were obtained from the Danish Meteorological Institute. Gestational exposure to sunshine was calculated by summing recorded monthly sunshine hours during the full 9 months prior to the month of birth. The linear variable then was split into two categories separated by the median value.Cox regression models showed that more sunshine during the third gestational trimester was associated with lower hazards (HR) of T1D at age 5–9 years in males: HR (95% CI): 0.60 (0.43–0.84), p=0.003. Our results should be considered in the context of evidence-based recommendations to the public about skin protection from the sun.
Fetal magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound
Authors: Wataganara Tuangsit , Ebrashy Alaa , Aliyu Labaran Dayyabu , Moreira de Sa Renato Augusto , Pooh Ritsuko , Kurjak Asim , Sen Cihat , Adra Abdallah , Stanojevic Milan 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been increasingly adopted in obstetrics practice in the past three decades. MRI aids prenatal ultrasound and improves diagnostic accuracy for selected maternal and fetal conditions. However, it should be considered only when high-quality ultrasound cannot provide certain information that affects the counseling, prenatal intervention, pregnancy course, and delivery plan. Major indications of fetal MRI include, but are not restricted to, morbidly adherent placenta, selected cases of fetal brain anomalies, thoracic lesions (especially in severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia), and soft tissue tumors at head and neck regions of the fetus. For fetal anatomy assessment, a 1.5-Tesla machine with a fast T2-weighted single-shot technique is recommended for image requisition of common fetal abnormalities. Individual judgment needs to be applied when considering usage of a 3-Tesla machine. Gadolinium MRI contrast is not recommended during pregnancy. MRI should be avoided in the first half of pregnancy due to small fetal structures and motion artifacts. Assessment of fetal cerebral cortex can be achieved with MRI in the third trimester. MRI is a viable research tool for noninvasive interrogation of the fetus and the placenta.
The consequences of converting the national accounts to chain-linking for economic analysis
Authors: Tödter Karl-Heinz 
Published: April 2016

Zusammenfassung
In Deutschland wurde die Berechnung von Volumenaggregaten in der Volks­wirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnung kürzlich von der Festpreismethode auf die Vorjahrespreismethode mit Verkettung (Kettenindizes) umgestellt. Volumen­aggregate für Quartalsdaten werden in der amtlichen Statistik nun auf Basis des Annual Overlap - Verfahrens berechnet. Im Unterschied zur Festpreismethode sind die Komponenten eines Volumenaggregats auf Vorjahrespreisbasis nicht additiv. Dies wirkt sich auf die Berechnung von Volumenanteilen und Wachstumsbeiträgen der Komponenten des realen Sozialprodukts aus. Dieser Beitrag diskutiert analytisch und mit Hilfe von Modellrechnungen, wie Volumenanteile und Wachstumsbeiträge für verkettete Jahres- und Quartalsdaten weiterhin konsistent berechnet werden können.
Tatsächliche und angemessene Nettobeiträge
Authors: Willeke Franz-Ulrich 
Published: April 2016

Summary
This study presents a concept of appropriate net-contributions as an instrument of evaluation of factual net-contributions. “Appropriate” net-contributions are determined simultaneously using a uniform standard for all net-contributors. Thus, these form a mutual community of (financial) solidarity. We use “factual” net-contributions, as they were first published by the EU in 2005 upon a revision of its method of calculation. Using various criteria, we compute the amount of deviation between factual and appropriate net-contributions in 2003 and between 1995 and 2003 in total, and in doing so we demonstrate how solidarity between net-contributors had been jeopardized. This is followed by a demonstration of how the concept of appropriate net-contributions may be implemented in the future. This would add solidarity within the group of netcontributors to the solidarity of the group of net-contributors with the group of net-beneficiaries, as demonstrated at the end of each fiscal year. Integration within the EU can be expected to benefit from this approach.