bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Distance Licensing in Harmonic Grammar
Authors: Kaplan Aaron 
Published: June 2016

Positional Licensing constraints can compel a feature to spread to a prominent position such as a stressed syllable. In Harmonic Grammar, this spreading takes a pathological form: over long distances, spreading can be blocked because it would accumulate too many faithfulness violations. The result is an unattested system in which there is an arbitrary upper bound to the distance across which a feature can spread. This defect is remedied here by modifying Positional Licensing so that rather than simply assigning one violation for an unlicensed feature, it assigns violations in proportion to the distance between the feature and its licensor. It can therefore counter faithfulness regardless of the distance between trigger and target. This reformulation necessitates other changes to avoid new problems: Positional Licensing must reward licensed features instead of penalizing unlicensed ones, and it must be couched in Serial Harmonic Grammar. This result provides new support for those theoretical constructs, and it helps clarify the differences between OT and HG.
On the relationship between learning sequence and rate of acquisition
Authors: Jesney Karen 
Published: June 2016

Many error-driven learning algorithms for constraint-based phonological grammars, including the Gradual Learning Algorithm for Optimality Theory and Harmonic Grammar, predict that more frequent input forms will be acquired earlier than less frequent input forms – a fact that has been commonly taken as a virtue of these models. These models also predict, however, that the rate of learning for more frequent input forms should be faster than the rate of learning for less frequent input forms. In other words, these models predict that sequence and rate of acquisition are related; structures acquired earlier in the course of learning will be acquired more rapidly, while those that are acquired relatively later will be acquired more slowly. This paper explicates these predictions and argues that they are not consistently supported by child language data. Evidence from six children’s acquisition of consonant clusters is presented, demonstrating that, contrary to the predictions of the learning models, learning sequence and rate of acquisition are largely disassociated.
SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF HD 95086 b WITH THE GEMINI PLANET IMAGER
Authors: De Rosa Robert J. , Rameau Julien , Patience Jenny , Graham James R. , Doyon René , Lafrenière David , Macintosh Bruce , Pueyo Laurent , Rajan Abhijith , Wang Jason J. , Ward-Duong Kimberly , Hung Li-Wei , Maire Jérôme , Nielsen Eric L. , Ammons S. Mark , Bulger Joanna , Cardwell Andrew , Chilcote Jeffrey K. , Galvez Ramon L. , Gerard Benjamin L. , Goodsell Stephen , Hartung Markus , Hibon Pascale , Ingraham Patrick , Johnson-Groh Mara , Kalas Paul , Konopacky Quinn M. , Marchis Franck , Marois Christian , Metchev Stanimir , Morzinski Katie M. , Oppenheimer Rebecca , Perrin Marshall D. , Rantakyrö Fredrik T. , Savransky Dmitry , Thomas Sandrine 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
We present new H (1.5–1.8 μm) photometric and K
1 (1.9–2.2 μm) spectroscopic observations of the young exoplanet HD 95086 b obtained with the Gemini Planet Imager. The H-band magnitude has been significantly improved relative to previous measurements, whereas the low-resolution K
1 (

) spectrum is featureless within the measurement uncertainties and presents a monotonically increasing pseudo-continuum consistent with a cloudy atmosphere. By combining these new measurements with literature

photometry, we compare the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the planet to other young planetary-mass companions, field brown dwarfs, and to the predictions of grids of model atmospheres. HD 95086 b is over a magnitude redder in

color than 2MASS J12073346–3932539 b and HR 8799 c and d, despite having a similar

magnitude. Considering only the near-infrared measurements, HD 95086 b is most analogous to the brown dwarfs 2MASS J2244316+204343 and 2MASS J21481633+4003594, both of which are thought to have dusty atmospheres. Morphologically, the SED of HD 95086 b is best fit by low temperature (

= 800–1300 K), low surface gravity spectra from models which simulate high photospheric dust content. This range of effective temperatures is consistent with field L/T transition objects, but the spectral type of HD 95086 b is poorly constrained between early L and late T due to its unusual position the color–magnitude diagram, demonstrating the difficulty in spectral typing young, low surface gravity substellar objects. As one of the reddest such objects, HD 95086 b represents an important empirical benchmark against which our current understanding of the atmospheric properties of young extrasolar planets can be tested.
Henri Fayol et la théorie du chef d’entreprise : une nouvelle figure de l’autorité au tournant du XX e siècle
Authors: Hatchuel Armand 
Published: June 2016

Avant d’écrire son célèbre traité, Henri Fayol fut un dirigeant, innovateur et savant, qui considérait la recherche scientifique comme une responsabilité majeure du chef d’entreprise. Or, devenue le moteur du nouveau monde industriel, la science créait aussi un rapport inédit au futur, elle forçait à penser l’inconnu. Ce constat conduit à relire Fayol comme lui-même souhaitait être lu. Loin d’être universelle et banale, sa doctrine administrative apparaît alors composée de notions originales (prévoyance, inconnu, programme d’action, perfectionnement, constitution du corps social) dont la portée théorique et politique a été sous-estimée. Fayol peut ainsi penser un nouveau chef d’entreprise sans recourir ni à la langue des affaires ni à l’économie politique de son temps. C’est dans l’héritage des Lumières et dans la philosophie politique et sociale qu’il puise pour élaborer un modèle « créatif/politique » de l’action du dirigeant d’entreprise qui marque un tournant majeur même si son message a été ensuite banalisé. Un siècle après, retrouver Fayol offre encore une ressource théorique précieuse pour penser des alternatives à la conception financiarisée de l’entreprise
Le phénomène corporatiste au prisme de l’analyse des professions. Le cas des ingénieurs des ponts, des eaux et des forêts : une profession résiliente ?
Authors: Chanut Véronique , Albizzatti Marie-Odile , Rival Madina , Rhazi Fatim Zahra , Rochette Corinne 
Published: June 2016

Les grands corps, survivance d’une société d’ordres, n’échappent pas à une mise en cause de leurs positions. Dans un contexte de fusion des corps et de restructuration des services, leurs territoires professionnels se transforment. Les grands corps voient leur périmètre, comme la nature de leur mission, profondément bouleversés ce qui interroge sur la manière dont ils s’adaptent ou résistent. Leur « licence » (leur expertise professionnelle) comme leur « mandat » (les missions qui leur sont confiées), au sens de Hughes, s’en trouvent affectés. Combinant ainsi les apports de l’analyse des professions, de la sociologie des élites et de l’analyse de l’action publique, cet article vise à dégager la composition d’un grand corps et à mieux cerner ses évolutions. Il met en lumière des indices de recomposition en s’appuyant sur une approche positionnelle et sur l’analyse des trajectoires professionnelles. La recherche porte sur un historique de 35 ans des données du corps des ingénieurs des ponts, des eaux et des forêts, elle repose sur une analyse sociographique. Les résultats mettent en lumière la persistance de l’ancrage du corps dans la fonction publique, une relative désaffection pour les fonctions d’expertise, et une tendance timide des plus jeunes promotions à investir de nouvelles frontières. Les auteurs s’interrogent alors sur une certaine forme de résilience corporatiste.
Sociologie de l’art et analyse des réseaux sociaux
Authors: Azam Martine , de Federico Ainhoa 
Published: June 2016

La présentation de ce numéro consacré à l’art et aux réseaux sociaux explore les différents aspects de l’(in)articulation entre sociologie de l’art et analyse de réseaux sociaux. Même si les recherches fondatrices dans le champ de la sociologie de l’art attribuent une place centrale aux interactions et relations parmi les différents acteurs qui structurent ce « champ » ou « monde », celles qui utilisent les outils de l’analyse de réseaux sociaux sont presque inexistantes. En sens inverse, l’analyse des réseaux n’a porté attention qu’incidemment aux activités artistiques. Quelques éléments suggèrent pourtant qu’une rencontre était possible et, comme nous le montrons dans l’article, il est probable que cette ignorance mutuelle est, pour partie, due aux entrées méthodologiques privilégiées par chacun de ces champs de recherche. Des rapprochements se dessinent aujourd’hui, autant dans le domaine artistique que dans le domaine scientifique. Sur fond d’un intérêt grandissant et généralisé pour les réseaux sociaux, des artistes se saisissent de l’intérêt heuristique des graphes tandis que des chercheurs travaillent expressément la dimension esthétique des visualisations, gageant que celle-ci contribue à la compréhension du propos scientifique. Par ailleurs, et à la jonction de ces deux univers émergent des œuvres artistiques croisant problématiques sociologiques et techniques de l’analyse de réseaux. C’est dans l’optique de contribuer à ces rapprochements que le présent numéro propose des articles de jeunes chercheurs qui démontrent empiriquement la fertilité de l’articulation entre sociologie de l’art et analyse de réseaux sociaux.
Matalo ! ville morte et western fantôme
Authors: Le Pajolec Sébastien 
Published: June 2016

Résumé Réalisé par Cesare Canevari en 1970, Matalo ! propose une autre vision de l’Ouest, où la ville morte apparaît comme le personnage central. Cet article tente d’analyser comment un paysage mythologique du western américain, la ville fantôme, a été remodelé par des cinéastes italiens qui tournaient des westerns en Espagne dans les années 1960 et 1970.
Ruines exposées, transformées, racontées
Authors: Muhidine Éléonore 
Published: June 2016

Résumé À partir de l’exposition « Des ruines de valeur » montrée en 1947 à Berlin, cet article interroge l’inscription du motif de la ruine dans la ville d’immédiat après-guerre. Si les ruines font partie intégrante du paysage urbain d’après 1945, elles font toutefois l’objet d’interprétations différentes, parmi lesquelles celle que représente l’événement public « Des ruines de valeur ». S’appuyant sur des documents originaux principalement issus des archives régionales (Landesarchiv Berlin), l’analyse de cette exposition d’objets sortis des décombres et transformés en objets de première nécessité s’inscrit dans une perspective d’histoire culturelle de la destruction en Allemagne, ainsi que dans une étude de la réception de cette expérience par ses contemporains.
Marcel Réja : médecin, poète symboliste et historien de l’art asilaire
Authors: Couet Lydia 
Published: June 2016

Résumé Presque totalement éclipsé par Hans Prinzhorn qui, dès les années 1920, marqua un tournant décisif dans la reconnaissance de « l’art des fous » par le surréalisme, Marcel Réja n’en demeure pas moins l’un des pionniers d’un nouveau regard artistique porté sur des créations qui n’étaient alors considérés que comme des documents d’étude diagnostique. Après un premier article paru en 1901 – « L’Art malade, dessins de fous » –, complété quelques années plus tard par la publication d’un ouvrage – L’Art chez les fous : le dessin, la prose, la poésie –, l’auteur manifesta son intérêt pour des formes d’expression (art asilaire, dessins d’enfants, art pariétal, médiéval, arts extra-européens, dessins médiumniques...) qui allaient ensuite s’imposer comme les nouvelles références des avant-gardes. Mystérieux médecin aliéniste dissimulé derrière le pseudonyme de Marcel Réja, Paul Meunier n’en fut pas moins un fervent amateur d’art, ainsi qu’un homme de lettres très actif dans les milieux symbolistes parisiens, qui s’avéra aussi l’un des principaux défenseurs d’artistes tels qu’Edvard Munch, August Strindberg ou Henri Héran.
Red cell distribution width and chronic heart failure: prognostic role beyond echocardiographic parameters
Authors: Vizzardi Enrico , Sciatti Edoardo , Bonadei Ivano , Pezzali Natalia L. , Lombardi Carlo M. , Metra Marco 
Published: June 2016

Aim. Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a measure of anisocytosis. Higher values are robustly associated to adverse outcome in several conditions, including chronic heart failure (HF). The present study aimed to compared its prognostic role with that of echocardiographic parameters in this kind of patients.Â Methods. 232 stable and optimally treated chronic HF patients were enrolled. We excluded subjects suffering from valvular diseases or atrial fibrillation. They underwent blood sampling and echocardiographic examination. The primary endpoint of the study was cardiovascular death and/or HF hospitalization in the first year after enrolment.Â Results. 49 patients reached the primary endpoint. RDW best cut-off at ROC curve was 14.45%. Univariate analysis associated mitral regurgitation grade, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), posterior wall thickness (PWT), LV mass index, and RDW>14.45% to the primary endpoint. Multivariate regression analysis showed that LVEF, PWT, and RDW>14.45% predict the primary endpoint. Area under ROC curve was 0.808 for LVEF, 0.762 for NYHA class, and 0.761 for RDW.Â Conclusion. In chronic HF patients RDW is a better predictor of adverse outcome than several echocardiographic parameters associated to outcome itself (LV mass index, mitral regurgitation grade), predicts prognosis even adjusting for those parameters, age and NYHA class, and is associated to several echocardiographic measurements. In conclusion, RDW can expand our tool bag in order to better follow-up these patients.
Cardiopulmonary rehabilitation in patiens with heart failure and chronic pulmonary disease
Authors: Temporelli Pier Luigi 
Published: June 2016

The epidemiology of chronic heart failure (CHF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are well known. Each of these conditions has an important impact on quality of life and functional status and on healthcare consumption. Through shared risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms CHF and COPD coexist more frequently than expected from the respective populations observed by the pulmonologist or cardiologist. This has important prognostic and therapeutic implications. Several registry-based studies and post-hoc analyses of large randomized controlled trials evaluating COPD as a comorbidity in CHF outpatients have highlighted the negative prognostic impact of the comorbidity in terms of constraint in use of recommended treatments. Among them, the cardiopulmonary rehabilitation may play a significant role. Even in these patients, in fact, a rehabilitative approach focused on physical training programs can positively impact functional autonomy, exercise tolerance and quality of life.RiassuntoAttraverso i fattori di rischio condivisi e simili meccanismi fisiopatologici scompenso cardiaco cronico (SCC) e malattia ostruttiva cronica polmonare (BPCO) coesistono piÃ¹ frequentemente di quanto previsto dalle rispettive popolazioni osservate rispettivamente dallo pneumologo o dal cardiologo. CiÃ² ha importanti implicazioni prognostiche e terapeutiche. Diversi studi basati su registri e analisi post-hoc di ampi studi randomizzati controllati che hanno valutato la BPCO come comorbiditÃ in pazienti con SCC hanno messo in evidenza l'impatto prognostico negativo della comorbilitÃ in termini soprattutto di limitazioni allâ€™utilizzo di trattamenti raccomandati. Tra questi un ruolo non trascurabile spetta alla riabilitazione. Anche in questi pazienti infatti un approccio riabilitativo incentrato su programmi di training fisico puÃ² impattare favorevolmente sulla autonomia funzionale, sulla tolleranza allo sforzo e sulla qualitÃ della vita.
Cholesterol: until which age 'the lower the better'?
Authors: Marchionni NiccolÃ² , Orso Francesco 
Published: June 2016

In the elderly and particularly in the very elderly the prognostic role of hypercholesterolemia is uncertain and there are conflicting data from the literature. In some studies, the relation between high levels of cholesterol and cardiovascular events, strongly demonstrated for younger subjects, has been confirmed also in the elderly, conversely in other studies a relation between low cholesterol levels and higher mortality risk has been described, particularly in the very elderly. Furthermore, uncertainties regarding hypercholesterolemia treatment have been raised both in secondary and particularly in the primary prevention setting, because elderly subjects and particularly the very elderly have been excluded from randomized clinical trials. In this article the prognostic role of hypercholerlemia and its reduction in the elderly patients both in primary and secondary prevention settings are assessed. Â RiassuntoNella popolazione anziana e soprattutto in quella molto anziana il ruolo prognostico dellâ€™ipercolesterolemia non Ã¨ cosÃ¬ chiaro e i dati della letteratura sono contraddittori. Se infatti in alcuni studi Ã¨ stata confermata lâ€™associazione con eventi cardiovascolari, ampiamente descritta per soggetti piÃ¹ giovani, altri studi hanno messo in evidenza, soprattutto per i soggetti piÃ¹ anziani, unâ€™associazione fra bassi livelli di colesterolo e mortalitÃ . Vi sono anche incertezze relative allâ€™effetto prognostico del trattamento dellâ€™ipercolesterolemia sia in prevenzione secondaria che, soprattutto in prevenzione primaria poichÃ© pazienti anziani e molto anziani sono stati frequentemente esclusi dai trial clinici. In questo articolo vengono quindi discusse le evidenze sul ruolo prognostico dellâ€™ipercolesterolemia e sullâ€™effetto prognostico della sua riduzione sia in ambito di prevenzione primaria che secondaria nel paziente anziano e molto anziano.
Lifestyle related factors & impact of metabolic syndrome on quality of life, level of functioning & self-esteem in patients with bipolar disorder & schizophrenia
Authors: Malhotra Nidhi , Kulhara Parmanand , Chakrabarti Subho , Grover Sandeep 
Published: June 2016

Background & objectives:
Though studies have reported high prevalence rates of metabolic syndrome among patients with bipolar disorder (BPAD) and schizophrenia, there is lack of data on the impact of the same on the patients’ life. This study was aimed to assess the lifestyle related factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to study the impact of MetS on functioning and quality of life (QOL) in patients with BPAD and schizophrenia.

Methods:
A total of 102 patients with BPAD and 72 patients with schizophrenia attending the output unit of a tertiary care hospital in north India were evaluated for MetS. These patients were assessed on Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile scale II (HPLP II), World Health Organization QOL -Bref Version (WHOQOL-Bref), Impact of Weight on Quality of Life- Lite version (IWOQOL -Lite), Body weight, Image and Self-esteem Evaluation questionnaire (BWISE), Obesity-related Problem scale (OP scale) and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale.

Results:
MetS was associated with lower scores on domains of health responsibility and nutrition habit domain on HPLP-II scale in both groups, and additionally on physical activity and stress management domain in BPAD group. On WHOQOL-Bref, MetS was associated with lower scores on the domains of physical and psychological health in both groups. On IWQOL–Lite, scores on personal distress and self esteem domains were higher in those with obesity in both groups and also on physical activity domain in schizophrenia group. Those with MetS had lower level of functioning as measured by GAF in schizophrenia group. Fulfillment of higher number of criteria of MetS correlated with poorer quality of life and higher problems in both groups.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Many modifiable lifestyle factors increase the risk of MetS. MetS was found to be associated with poorer QOL in patients with BPAD and schizophrenia; in addition, obesity led to poor self-esteem and excessive personal distress.
Association of BCL11A genetic variant (rs11886868) with severity in β-thalassaemia major & sickle cell anaemia
Authors: Dadheech Sneha , Madhulatha D. , Jain Suman , Joseph James , Jyothy A. , Munshi Anjana 
Published: June 2016

Background & objectives:
The amount of foetal haemoglobin that persists in adulthood affects the clinical severity of haemoglobinopathies including β-thalassaemia major and sickle cell anaemia (SCA). The present study was undertaken to analyse β-thalassaemia as well as SCA patients for the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs11886868 (T/C) in BCL11A gene and to evaluate the association between this polymorphism and severity of β-thalassaemia major and SCA.

Methods:
A total of 620 samples (420 β-thalassaemia major and 200 SCA cases) were analysed before blood transfusion using basic screening tests like complete blood analysis and osmotic fragility and further confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) and reverse dot blot techniques. All patients were transfusion dependent. Patients with β-thalassaemia and SCA were classified into mild, moderate, severe according to the severity score based on Hb levels, age of onset, age at which patients received their first blood transfusion, the degree of growth retardation and splenectomy. β-thalassaemia as well as SCA patients were analysed for the SNP, rs11886868 (T/C) in BCL11A gene and association between this polymorphism and severity of β-thalassaemia major as well as SCA was evaluated.

Results:
There was a significant difference in genotypic and allelic frequencies of BCL11A gene polymorphism between mild and moderate and mild and severe cases in both the groups. A significant (P<0.001) difference was observed in the mean HbF levels between the three genotypes in different severity groups. HbF levels were found to be high in CC genotype bearing individuals followed by TC and TT in β-thalassaemia major as well as SCA.

Interpretation & conclusions:
This study confirms that the T/C variant (rs11886868) of the BCL11A gene causing downregulation of BCL11A gene expression in adult erythroid precursors results in the induction of HbF and ameliorates the severity of β-thalassaemia as well as SCA.