bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EARLINET Single Calculus Chain – technical – Part 1: Pre-processing of raw lidar data
Authors: D'Amico Giuseppe , Amodeo Aldo , Mattis Ina , Freudenthaler Volker , Pappalardo Gelsomina 
Published: February 2016

Abstract. In this paper we describe an automatic tool for the pre-processing of aerosol lidar data called ELPP (EARLINET Lidar Pre-Processor). It is one of two calculus modules of the EARLINET Single Calculus Chain (SCC), the automatic tool for the analysis of EARLINET data. ELPP is an open source module that executes instrumental corrections and data handling of the raw lidar signals, making the lidar data ready to be processed by the optical retrieval algorithms. According to the specific lidar configuration, ELPP automatically performs dead-time correction, atmospheric and electronic background subtraction, gluing of lidar signals, and trigger-delay correction. Moreover, the signal-to-noise ratio of the pre-processed signals can be improved by means of configurable time integration of the raw signals and/or spatial smoothing. ELPP delivers the statistical uncertainties of the final products by means of error propagation or Monte Carlo simulations. During the development of ELPP, particular attention has been payed to make the tool flexible enough to handle all lidar configurations currently used within the EARLINET community. Moreover, it has been designed in a modular way to allow an easy extension to lidar configurations not yet implemented. The primary goal of ELPP is to enable the application of quality-assured procedures in the lidar data analysis starting from the raw lidar data. This provides the added value of full traceability of each delivered lidar product. Several tests have been performed to check the proper functioning of ELPP. The whole SCC has been tested with the same synthetic data sets, which were used for the EARLINET algorithm inter-comparison exercise. ELPP has been successfully employed for the automatic near-real-time pre-processing of the raw lidar data measured during several EARLINET inter-comparison campaigns as well as during intense field campaigns.
O desenvolvimento sustentável hoje. Chaves de sucesso de estratégias responsáveis
Authors: Capriolli Zocatelli Queiroz Passi Renata 
Published: February 2016

A presente resenha se refere ao resumo do Capítulo 4, O desenvolvimento sustentável hoje - Chaves de sucesso de estratégias responsáveis, do Livro A empresa verde, da autora Élisabeth Leville.
Livro eletrônico e sua utilização por alunos de graduação de uma universidade federal
Authors: Sirihal Duarte Adriana Bogliolo , Lopes Aline De Queiroz 
Published: February 2016

<p><strong>Introdução: </strong>Os livros eletrônicos (<em>e-</em>books) vem ganhando notoriedade no mercado e na pesquisa acadêmica. As bibliotecas universitárias apostam no empréstimo de conteúdos, e não acreditam no empréstimo dos dispositivos para sua leitura.</p><p><strong>Objetivos: </strong>Apresenta os resultados de pesquisa realizada junto aos alunos de graduação e bibliotecários do Sistema de Bibliotecas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG visando investigar como os estudantes estão utilizando livros eletrônicos e se o sistema de bibliotecas está preparado para oferecer apoio em termos de serviços e acervo.</p><p><strong>Metodologia: </strong>Quanto à metodologia, a pesquisa realizou-se em três etapas compreendendo revisão de literatura, pesquisa qualitativa com bibliotecários (condução de entrevistas) e pesquisa quantitativa com estudantes (aplicação de questionários).</p><p><strong>Resultados: </strong>Os principais resultados demonstram que mais de 50% dos alunos já fizeram uso de livros eletrônicos, mas cerca de 75% preferem o livro impresso para realizar suas atividades de leitura e de pesquisa. O principal formato utilizado é o PDF e as funcionalidades mais utilizadas incluem alterar o tamanho da fonte, grifar, consultar dicionário e fazer anotações. A oferta de <em>e-books</em> pelo Sistema de Bibliotecas da UFMG ainda é incipiente e ocorre de forma não coordenada, através de iniciativas isoladas por unidades. Os bibliotecários apontam vantagens e desvantagens no uso do livro eletrônico.</p><p><strong>Conclusões: </strong>O público não tem demandado mais do que é oferecido. Podendo escolher, a grande preferência do leitor da UFMG ainda é pelo livro no formato impresso.<strong></strong></p><p> </p>
Análise bibliométrica da produção científica sobre Linked Data
Authors: Dal Pizzol Leandro , Speroni Rafeael De Moura , Zancanaro Airton , Gauthier Fernando Ostuni , Todesco José Leomar 
Published: February 2016

<p class="Default"><strong>Introdução: </strong><span>Desde que Tim Berners-Lee cunhou o termo <em>Linked Data</em> em 2006, muitos estudos surgiram baseados nessa iniciativa. Seja na forma de movimentos de acesso à informação</span><span>, seja na</span><span> de aplicações baseadas nesse tipo de dados, o interesse por essa nova </span><span>maneira</span><span> de publicar e consumir informação na </span><em><span>web</span></em><span> está cada dia mais em foco. </span></p><p class="Default"><strong><span>Objetivo: </span></strong><span>Neste trabalho, apresenta-se uma revisão bibliométrica com o propósito de contribuir para o melhor entendimento e a clarificação de conceitos e termos associados à área de <em>Linked Data</em>.</span></p><p class="Default"><strong><span>Metodologia: </span></strong><span>Utilizou-se as bases de dados científicas </span><em>Web of Science</em><span> (WoS), <em>Scopus</em>, EBSCO e IEEE, de modo a localizar estudos existentes sobre a temática até outubro de 2012.</span></p><p class="Default"><strong><span>Resultados: </span></strong><span>Para isso, foram mapeados 148 trabalhos científicos que abordam o referido tema, escritos por 409 autores pertencentes a 160 instituições de 30 países diferentes. Pôde-se, com isso, constatar que as pesquisas sobre a temática <em>Linked Data</em> estão concentradas num pequeno grupo de autores, o que sugere oportunidades e espaços para pesquisas futuras.</span></p><p class="Default"><strong><span>Conclusões: </span></strong><span>Ao sintetizar as informações referentes às publicações científicas de uma determinada área, se possibilita a construção de um arcabouço teórico e que novas pesquisas sejam realizadas. </span></p><p class="Default"><span> </span></p><p class="Default"><strong>Palavras-chave: </strong><em>Linked Data;</em> <span>Bibliometria; Pesquisa bibliográfica; Bases de dados. </span><strong> </strong></p>
A Comparison of the Roche Cobas HPV Test With the Hybrid Capture 2 Test for the Detection of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Genotypes
Authors: Levi Angelique W. , Bernstein Jane I. , Hui Pei , Duch Kara , Schofield Kevin , Chhieng David C. 
Published: February 2016

Context
All Food and Drug Administration–approved methods in the United States for human papillomavirus testing including the Hybrid Capture 2 human papillomavirus assay and the Roche cobas human papillomavirus test are approved for cytology specimens collected into ThinPrep media but not for specimens collected into SurePath solution.

Objective
To compare the performance of the Roche cobas and Hybrid Capture 2 tests for the detection of high-risk human papillomavirus using both ThinPrep and SurePath preparations as part of a validation study.

Design
One thousand three hundred seventy-one liquid-based cytology samples, including 1122 SurePath and 249 ThinPrep specimens, were tested for high-risk human papillomavirus DNA using the Roche cobas human papillomavirus test and the Hybrid Capture 2 human papillomavirus assay. For cases with discrepant results, confirmatory testing was performed using Linear Array human papillomavirus testing.

Results
One hundred and fifty-six (11.38%) and 184 (13.42%) of the 1371 specimens tested positive for high-risk human papillomavirus DNA using the Hybrid Capture 2 human papillomavirus assay and Roche cobas human papillomavirus assay, respectively. In addition, 1289 (94.0%) of 1371 specimens demonstrated concordant high-risk human papillomavirus results with a κ value of 0.72 (95% confidence interval, 065–0.78). There was no statistically significant difference in the percentage of positive high-risk human papillomavirus results between the 2 liquid-based preparations with either assay. Discordant results between the 2 assays were noted in 82 of 1371 cases (6%). Twenty-seven of 82 cases (32.9%) were Hybrid Capture 2 positive/Roche cobas negative and 55 of 82 cases (67.1%) were Roche cobas positive/Hybrid Capture 2 negative. Two of 20 Hybrid Capture 2–positive/Roche cobas–negative cases (10%) and 26 of 37 Roche cobas–positive/Hybrid Capture 2–negative cases (70%) tested positive for high-risk human papillomavirus by Linear Array.

Conclusions
Both assays showed good agreement and excellent specificity with either ThinPrep or SurePath preparations. The number of discordant results was relatively small. The performance of both assays was similar for ThinPrep specimens, but the Roche cobas test demonstrated higher sensitivity with SurePath specimens.
Point-of-Care Glucose Critical Values: A Q-Probes Study Involving 50 Health Care Facilities and 2349 Critical Results
Authors: Schifman Ron B. , Howanitz Peter J. , Souers Rhona J. 
Published: February 2016

ContextAccuracy of blood glucose measurements in the critical value range is important for properly treating patients with severe hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.ObjectiveTo evaluate the performance and reliability of point-of-care glucose (POCG) results in the critical value range among multiple facilities.DesignQ-Probes participants retrospectively collected data from up to 50 POCG results in their critical value range including patient location, type of testing operator, repeat glucose results, and caregiver notification. A repeat measurement at 10 minutes or less that was within 15 mg/dL of initial critical low or 20% of initial critical high value was considered a confirmed result.ResultsFifty facilities submitted data. Of 2349 critical POCG measurements, 1386 (59.0%) were retested. The median institutional retest rate was 56%. The retest rate was significantly higher when initial results were in the critical low range, P &lt; .001. Although 30 of 50 facilities (60%) had written procedures for retesting, this was not associated with higher retest rates (P = .34). Among 35 facilities that routinely retested critical POCG results, 23 (65.7%) had criteria defined for interpreting results. The median institutional confirmation rate for retested specimens was 81.7%. The median institutional rate for caregiver notification of critical POCG results was 85.7%. Five hundred eighty-six of 1488 critical POCG notifications (39.4%) were done on patients in whom specimens were not retested.ConclusionsThis study shows that POCG results in the critical range may be unreliable because of testing errors that are not recognized from lack of confirmatory testing. In addition, notification of critical POCG results is not consistently performed.
Les expériences de victimisation, la santé mentale et le bien-être de jeunes trans au Québec
Authors: Raymond Guillaume , Blais Martin , Bergeron Félix-Antoine , Hébert Martine 
Published: February 2016

Les normes traditionnelles de genre prescrivent l’adéquation de l’expression de la masculinité et de la féminité au sexe anatomique de naissance. Les personnes qui présentent des variations dans l’expression de genre sont sujettes à diverses formes de réactions sociales suggérant la réprobation (des regards désapprobateurs aux violences physiques) susceptibles d’influencer négativement leur santé mentale. Trente-sept jeunes se décrivant comme trans ou en questionnement sur leur identité de genre ont été recrutés dans le cadre de l’enquête sur les Parcours amoureux des jeunes de minorités sexuelles du Québec. Leurs expériences de victimisation parentale et de victimisation basée sur la non-conformité de genre ainsi que des indicateurs de santé mentale (détresse psychologique, estime de soi) ont été mesurés. Afin de comparer les expériences de victimisation et l’état de santé mentale des jeunes trans, ils ont été appariés à 37 garçons et 37 filles cisgenres sur la base de leurs caractéristiques sociodémographiques. Des analyses de prévalence et un modèle acheminatoire ont été réalisés. Les résultats mettent en évidence que les jeunes trans sont plus susceptibles de présenter des scores cliniques de détresse psychologique et de faible estime d’eux-mêmes que leurs pairs cisgenres. La violence verbale parentale et la victimisation basée sur la non-conformité de genre influencent négativement l’estime de soi, ce qui en retour augmente la probabilité de vivre de la détresse psychologique. Les résultats appuient l’importance des interventions de soutien à la diversité sexuelle et de genre.
Monolithic integration of a suspended light-emitting diode with a Y-branch structure
Authors: Yuan Jialei , Cai Wei , Gao Xumin , Zhu Guixia , Bai Dan , Zhu Hongbo , Wang Yongjin 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
We describe a double-sided process for the monolithic integration of a light-emitting diode (LED) and a Y-branch structure on a GaN-on-silicon platform. The suspended LED and highly confined waveguides are fabricated by silicon removal with back-side thinning of the suspended membrane. When the LED is turned on, part of the light emission is confined by a suspended rectangular waveguide, and the light propagates laterally. The guided light is then coupled into two branching rectangular waveguides and diffracted into the air at the output facets. The light output can be tuned by the LED, opening the potential for more sophisticated integrated photonic circuits.
Silicon nanodisk array with a fin field-effect transistor for time-domain weighted sum calculation toward massively parallel spiking neural networks
Authors: Tohara Takashi , Liang Haichao , Tanaka Hirofumi , Igarashi Makoto , Samukawa Seiji , Endo Kazuhiko , Takahashi Yasuo , Morie Takashi 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
A nanodisk array connected with a fin field-effect transistor is fabricated and analyzed for spiking neural network applications. This nanodevice performs weighted sums in the time domain using rising slopes of responses triggered by input spike pulses. The nanodisk arrays, which act as a resistance of several giga-ohms, are fabricated using a self-assembly bio-nano-template technique. Weighted sums are achieved with an energy dissipation on the order of 1 fJ, where the number of inputs can be more than one hundred. This amount of energy is several orders of magnitude lower than that of conventional digital processors.
Underwater acoustic communication using orthogonal signal division multiplexing scheme with time diversity
Authors: Ebihara Tadashi , Ogasawara Hanako , Mizutani Koichi 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
In this paper, an underwater acoustic (UWA) communication scheme for mobile platforms is proposed. The proposed scheme is based on the orthogonal signal division multiplexing (OSDM) scheme, which offers highly reliable UWA communication. However, OSDM is not suitable for mobile platforms as it is — it requires a receiver array and a large calculation cost for equalization. To establish a reliable link with small communication platforms, we design OSDM that can perform reliable communication without the need for an array and can reduce receiver complexity using the time-diversity technique (TD), and evaluate its performance in experiments. The experimental results suggest that OSDM-TD can simultaneously achieve power-efficient communications and receiver complexity reduction, and can realize small-scale communication platforms. In detail, OSDM-TD achieved almost the same communication quality as conventional OSDM, in exchange for an effective data rate. Moreover, the power efficiency of OSDM-TD was almost the same as that of conventional OSDM with two receiver array elements, although the calculation cost of OSDM-TD was far below that of conventional OSDM. As a result, it was found that OSDM-TD is suitable for UWA communication for mobile nodes whose capacity and computational resources are severely limited.
A comparison of U/Th and rapid‐screen 14C dates from Line Island fossil corals
Authors: Grothe Pamela R. , Cobb Kim M. , Bush Shari L. , Cheng Hai , Santos Guaciara M. , Southon John R. , Lawrence Edwards R. , Deocampo Daniel M. , Sayani Hussein R. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractTime‐consuming and expensive radiometric dating techniques limit the number of dates available to construct absolute chronologies for high‐resolution paleoclimate reconstructions. A recently developed rapid‐screen 14C dating technique reduces sample preparation time and per sample costs by 90%, but its accuracy has not yet been tested on shallow‐water corals. In this study, we test the rapid‐screen 14C dating technique on shallow‐water corals by comparing 44 rapid‐screen 14C dates to both high‐precision 14C dates and U/Th dates from mid‐ to late‐Holocene fossil corals collected from the central tropical Pacific (2–4°N, 157–160°W). Our results show that 42 rapid‐screen 14C and U/Th dates agree within uncertainties, confirming closed‐system behavior and ensuring chronological accuracy. However, two samples that grew ∼6500 years ago have calibrated 14C ages ∼1000 years younger than the corresponding U/Th ages, consistent with diagenetic alteration as indicated by the presence of 15–23% calcite. Mass balance calculations confirm that the observed dating discrepancies are consistent with 14C addition and U removal, both of which occur during diagenetic calcite recrystallization. Under the assumption that aragonite‐to‐calcite replacement is linear through time, we estimate the samples' true ages using the measured 14C and U/Th dates and percent calcite values. Results illustrate that the rapid‐screen 14C dates of Holocene‐aged fossil corals are accurate for samples with less than 2% calcite. Application of this rapid‐screen 14C method to the fossil coral rubble fields from Kiritimati Island reveal significant chronological clustering of fossil coral across the landscape, with older ages farther from the water's edge.
A constitutive framework for predicting weakening and reduced buttressing of ice shelves based on observations of the progressive deterioration of the remnant Larsen B Ice Shelf
Authors: Borstad Chris , Khazendar Ala , Scheuchl Bernd , Morlighem Mathieu , Larour Eric , Rignot Eric 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe increasing contribution of the Antarctic Ice Sheet to sea level rise is linked to reductions in ice shelf buttressing, driven in large part by basal melting of ice shelves. These ocean‐driven buttressing losses are being compounded as ice shelves weaken and fracture. To date, model projections of ice sheet evolution have not accounted for weakening ice shelves. Here we present the first constitutive framework for ice deformation that explicitly includes mechanical weakening, based on observations of the progressive degradation of the remnant Larsen B Ice Shelf from 2000 to 2015. We implement this framework in an ice sheet model and are able to reproduce most of the observed weakening of the ice shelf. In addition to predicting ice shelf weakening and reduced buttressing, this new framework opens the door for improved understanding and predictions of iceberg calving, meltwater routing and hydrofracture, and ice shelf collapse.
The impact of variable sea ice roughness on changes in Arctic Ocean surface stress: A model study
Authors: Martin Torge , Tsamados Michel , Schroeder David , Feltham Daniel L. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe Arctic sea ice cover is thinning and retreating, causing changes in surface roughness that in turn modify the momentum flux from the atmosphere through the ice into the ocean. New model simulations comprising variable sea ice drag coefficients for both the air and water interface demonstrate that the heterogeneity in sea ice surface roughness significantly impacts the spatial distribution and trends of ocean surface stress during the last decades. Simulations with constant sea ice drag coefficients as used in most climate models show an increase in annual mean ocean surface stress (0.003 N/m2 per decade, 4.6%) due to the reduction of ice thickness leading to a weakening of the ice and accelerated ice drift. In contrast, with variable drag coefficients our simulations show annual mean ocean surface stress is declining at a rate of −0.002 N/m2 per decade (3.1%) over the period 1980–2013 because of a significant reduction in surface roughness associated with an increasingly thinner and younger sea ice cover. The effectiveness of sea ice in transferring momentum does not only depend on its resistive strength against the wind forcing but is also set by its top and bottom surface roughness varying with ice types and ice conditions. This reveals the need to account for sea ice surface roughness variations in climate simulations in order to correctly represent the implications of sea ice loss under global warming.
Mapping surface tidal currents and Changjiang plume in the East China Sea from Geostationary Ocean Color Imager
Authors: Hu Zifeng , Wang Dong‐Ping , Pan Delu , He Xianqiang , Miyazawa Yasumasa , Bai Yan , Wang Difeng , Gong Fang 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe spatial pattern of the semidiurnal M2 tidal currents in the East China Sea (ECS) is mapped from the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI), taking advantage of the satellite's unique 8 hourly local daytime sequential images. The GOCI‐derived surface M2 tidal currents are validated with a comprehensive set of twenty‐eight surface drifters and four mooring observations. The agreement is outstanding with the error variance less than 10% of the total variance. The gridded GOCI‐derived tidal currents are also in good agreement with the Oregon State University (OSU) high‐resolution regional tidal model of the China Seas. The detided mean flow shows a strong Changjiang plume extending hundreds of kilometers offshore, in agreement with the concurrent satellite sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface salinity (SSS) distributions. The observed surface currents are compared with the daily mean flows derived from the Japan Coastal Ocean Predictability Experiment (JCOPE2). The model results are consistent with the observations, showing the sensitivity of Changjiang plume to wind forcing. The study clearly demonstrates the utility of geostationary satellite in mapping the surface currents over a wide (∼400 km), tidally dominated continental shelf.