bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of treatment outcomes of endoscope‐guided pneumatic dilation and laparoscopic Heller myotomy
Authors: Wang Hsin‐Ming , Tai Wei‐Chen , Chuah Seng‐Kee , Lu Hung‐I , Lu Lung‐Sheng , Liang Chih‐Ming , Kuo Chung‐Huang , Chiu Yi‐Chun , Wu Keng‐Liang , Changchien Chi‐Sin 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe debate on which is the better choice between laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM) and endoscopic pneumatic dilation (PD) for esophageal achalasia has been ongoing for decades. This study aims to compare the results of endoscope‐guided PD and LHM in 42 patients with achalasia between May 1996 and August 2011. Twenty‐one patients who had received PD and 21 who had received LHM were enrolled. The cumulative remission rate was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method with the assessment of symptom scores between grades before and after PD or LHM done at 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, and then every year thereafter. Possible confounding factors related to the remissions were analyzed by Cox's proportional hazard model. For PD, the cumulative remission rates were 81.0% (1 year), 76.2% (2), 66.7% (3), 61.9% (4), and 47.6% (5). For LHM, the cumulative remission rates were 90.5% every year from the 1st to the 5th. The LHM patients had significantly better remission rates than the PD patients (p = 0.033, by log‐rank test). The LHM group had a longer hospital stay than the PD group [median (interquartile range): 8 (6.5–10) days vs. 3 (2–3) days, p < 0.001) and had more reflux complications (52.4% vs. 19.0%, p = 0.024). No perforation occurred in either group. In conclusion, the 5‐year cumulative effectiveness of LHM is better than that of PD despite the association of LHM with more reflux events (52.4%).
Granitoids of the Gamov intrusion (southern Primorye), its peculiarities and indicative and geodynamic role
Authors: Kruk N.N. , Golozubov V.V. , Kasatkin S.A. , Rudnev S.N. , Vrzhosek A.A. , Kuibida M.L. , Vovna G.M. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
We studied the geologic position, mineralogy, petrography, chemical composition, and age of granitoids of the Gamov batholith located in the Heilongjiang-Grodekovo terrane, southern Primorye (Russia). The studies have revealed four intrusive rock phases, from gabbro to leucogranites, in the massif. U–Pb zircon dating of tonalites of phase II and leucogranites of phase IV (254 ± 4 and 259 ± 2 Ma, respectively) shows that the intrusion of granitoids took place in the Late Permian without a significant gap in time. Structural investigations gave evidence for the intrusion in the E–W compression setting. Geochemical studies have revealed granitoids of strongly different compositional types in the intrusive massif: gabbroids, quartz diorites and tonalites with characteristics of low-alumina TTG, calc-alkalic granodiorites and I-type granites, and moderately alkaline leucogranites. The obtained data, together with the results of previous research into the Permo-Triassic granitoids of southern Primorye, reject their formation as a result of the evolution of the Solonker oceanic structures and suggest a more intricate tectonic scenario, which calls for additional study.
Liquid immiscibility during crystallization of forsterite–phlogopite ijolites at Oldoinyo Lengai Volcano, Tanzania: study of melt inclusions
Authors: Sekisova V.S. , Sharygin V.V. , Zaitsev A.N. , Strekopytov S. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The paper is concerned with study of melt inclusions in minerals of ijolite xenoliths at Oldoinyo Lengai Volcano. Melt inclusions with different phase compositions occur in forsterite macrocrysts and in diopside, nepheline, fluorapatite, Ti-andradite, and Ti-magnetite crystals. Nepheline contains primary melt inclusions (silicate glass + gas-carbonate globule ± submicron globules ± sulfide globule ± daughter/trapped phases, represented by diopside, fluorapatite, Ti-andradite, and alumoåkermanite). The gas-carbonate globule consists of a gas bubble surrounded by a fine-grained aggregate of Na–Ca-carbonates (nyerereite and gregoryite). Fluorapatite contains primary carbonate-rich melt inclusions in the core, which consist of nyerereite, gregoryite, thenardite, witherite, fluorite, villiaumite, and other phases. Their mineral composition is similar to natrocarbonatites. Primary melt inclusions (glass + gas bubble ± daughter phases) are rare in diopside and Ti-andradite. Diopside and forsterite have trails of secondary carbonate-rich inclusions. Besides the above minerals, these inclusions contain halite, sylvite, neighborite, Na–Ca-phosphate, alkali sulfates, and other rare phases. In addition, diopside contains sulfide inclusions (pyrrhotite ± chalcopyrite ± djerfisherite ± galena ± pentlandite). The chemical compositions of silicate glasses in the melt inclusions vary widely. The glasses are characterized by high Na, K, and Fe contents and low Al contents. They have high total alkali contents (16–23 wt.% Na2O + K2O) and peralkalinity index [(Na + K)/Al] ranging from 1.1 to 7.6. The carbonate-rich inclusions in the ijolite minerals are enriched in Na, P, S, and Cl. The data obtained indicate that the parental melt in the intermediate chamber was heterogeneous and contained silicate, natrocarbonate, and sulfide components during the ijolite crystallization. According to heating experiments with melt inclusions, silicate–carbonate liquid immiscibility occurred at temperature over 580 °C.
Evaluación del tutor en la aplicación de la estrategia de aprendizaje basado en problemas en las asignaturas de Integración Básico Clínica I y II
Authors: Morales-López Sara , Muñoz-Comonfort Armando , Fortoul-van der Goes Teresa I. 
Published: November 2015

Introducción: El ABP es una de las estrategias más empleadas en la educación médica y tienen sus inicios en la Universidad de McMaster en 1969. La figura del tutor-facilitador es relevante ya que es el que guía al pequeño grupo durante el proceso.
Objetivo: Evaluar por parte de los estudiantes al tutor de las asignaturas de Integración Básico Clínica I y II con la aplicación del cuestionario de 24 ítems propuesto por Martínez-González et al.
Método: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal. Se aplicó el cuestionario de 25 ítems con escala tipo Likert de cinco opciones, a los estudiantes de las obligatorias de IBC-I e IBC-II después de haber trabajado con sus tutores durante todo el curso. Se evaluaron cuatro ciclos escolares de IBC-I y tres de IBC-II. Se determinaron las frecuencias de respuesta, la media, el error estándar, análisis de varianza y se calculó la confiabilidad ( α de Cronbach) del cuestionario en cada aplicación.
Resultados: Se aplicaron 6,862 cuestionarios que incluyeron el 83% de la población en cada ciclo escolar. Los valores de confiabilidad fueron de 0.9 en cada evaluación. Las respuestas con valores más bajos se observaron en «la participación del tutor como guía», y «no favorecer la participación de los integrantes del grupo» es un problema recurrente.
Conclusiones: El ABP es la estrategia de las asignaturas evaluadas y la función del tutor es la base del éxito para el buen funcionamiento del trabajo en pequeños grupos. Los datos llevan a la reflexión sobre la necesidad de modificaciones en los talleres y en la forma de interactuar con los tutores para reforzar sus funciones en la estrategia del ABP.
‘Don't let me go! Hold me down!’: inspiration, voice and image in Kate Bush's ‘Hounds of Love’
Authors: Cawood Ian 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAlthough Kate Bush's reputation as a significant musical pioneer has been accepted by most critics and academic commentators since her return to music in 2005, most readings of her work have been highly ahistoric. This paper explores how, with the release of her fifth album, Hounds of Love, in 1985, her popular appeal was widened into a genuine acceptance of her idiom by contemporary cultural commentators. In particular, the paper focuses on the rival inspirations and the shape, form and delivery of the title track, ‘Hounds of Love’ and its ‘alternative’ version, released on a 12” disc. The paper concludes by analysing the visual presentation of the song through the promotional video (directed by Bush herself) and her two mimed performances and offering a contextualised explanation for Bush's perceived ‘authenticity’ as an artist and performer.
Running a record label when records don't sell anymore: empirical evidence from Poland
Authors: Galuszka Patryk , Wyrzykowska Katarzyna M. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractFrom an economic point of view, the business of record labels until recently boiled down to managing a portfolio of artists, with successful stars bringing the label enough money to recoup investments in market flops. The decline in record sales has called this model into question and forced labels to look for new sources of revenue. Employing qualitative data gathered in Poland, this paper demonstrates how labels react to adverse market conditions and what determines these reactions. The paper shows that these reactions include the monetisation of the relationship that a label has with artists through signing 360° deals, the commercial exploitation of artists’ brand names, and concentration on niche markets, either foreign or format-based (e.g. the market for vinyl). The paper concludes that record labels, regardless of which approach they choose to deal with the adverse market conditions, still think in terms of managing a portfolio of artists. What is more, there is no universal strategy which can be applied by every label to deal with declining record sales.
Diagnosing dense and magnetized plasmas irradiated by a petawatt laser
Authors: Deutsch C. , Nersisyan H.B. , Bendib A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe survey the present status and potentialities of diagnostics for arbitrary magnetized plasmas of inertial confinement fusion concern. These diagnostics include: Faraday rotation, inverse Faraday effect, Thomson scattering, Stark–Zeeman line broadening as well as proton stopping for any ratio, of the particles plasma frequency to cyclotron frequency. This presentation is timely motivated by recent experiments highlighting laser-produced kilo Teslas and nearly steady magnetic fields in inertial fusion plasmas. Positive synergies due to diagnostics combinations are also addressed.
The epigenomic landscape of African rainforest hunter-gatherers and farmers
Authors: Fagny Maud , Patin Etienne , MacIsaac Julia L. , Rotival Maxime , Flutre Timothée , Jones Meaghan J. , Siddle Katherine J. , Quach Hélène , Harmant Christine , McEwen Lisa M. , Froment Alain , Heyer Evelyne , Gessain Antoine , Betsem Edouard , Mouguiama-Daouda Patrick , Hombert Jean-Marie , Perry George H. , Barreiro Luis B. , Kobor Michael S. , Quintana-Murci Lluis 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe genetic history of African populations is increasingly well documented, yet their patterns of epigenomic variation remain uncharacterized. Moreover, the relative impacts of DNA sequence variation and temporal changes in lifestyle and habitat on the human epigenome remain unknown. Here we generate genome-wide genotype and DNA methylation profiles for 362 rainforest hunter-gatherers and sedentary farmers. We find that the current habitat and historical lifestyle of a population have similarly critical impacts on the methylome, but the biological functions affected strongly differ. Specifically, methylation variation associated with recent changes in habitat mostly concerns immune and cellular functions, whereas that associated with historical lifestyle affects developmental processes. Furthermore, methylation variation—particularly that correlated with historical lifestyle—shows strong associations with nearby genetic variants that, moreover, are enriched in signals of natural selection. Our work provides new insight into the genetic and environmental factors affecting the epigenomic landscape of human populations over time.
p38- and MK2-dependent signalling promotes stress-induced centriolar satellite remodelling via 14-3-3-dependent sequestration of CEP131/AZI1
Authors: Tollenaere Maxim A. X. , Villumsen Bine H. , Blasius Melanie , Nielsen Julie C. , Wagner Sebastian A. , Bartek Jiri , Beli Petra , Mailand Niels , Bekker-Jensen Simon 
Published: November 2015

AbstractCentriolar satellites (CS) are small granular structures that cluster in the vicinity of centrosomes. CS are highly susceptible to stress stimuli, triggering abrupt displacement of key CS factors. Here we discover a linear p38-MK2-14-3-3 signalling pathway that specifically targets CEP131 to trigger CS remodelling after cell stress. We identify CEP131 as a substrate of the p38 effector kinase MK2 and pinpoint S47 and S78 as critical MK2 phosphorylation sites in CEP131. Ultraviolet-induced phosphorylation of these residues generates direct binding sites for 14-3-3 proteins, which sequester CEP131 in the cytoplasm to block formation of new CS, thereby leading to rapid depletion of these structures. Mutating S47 and S78 in CEP131 is sufficient to abolish stress-induced CS reorganization, demonstrating that CEP131 is the key regulatory target of MK2 and 14-3-3 in these structures. Our findings reveal the molecular mechanism underlying dynamic CS remodelling to modulate centrosome functions on cell stress.
DNA repair factor BRCA1 depletion occurs in Alzheimer brains and impairs cognitive function in mice
Authors: Suberbielle Elsa , Djukic Biljana , Evans Mark , Kim Daniel H. , Taneja Praveen , Wang Xin , Finucane Mariel , Knox Joseph , Ho Kaitlyn , Devidze Nino , Masliah Eliezer , Mucke Lennart 
Published: November 2015

AbstractMaintaining DNA integrity is vital for all cells and organisms. Defective DNA repair may contribute to neurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We found reduced levels of BRCA1, but not of other DNA repair factors, in the brains of AD patients and human amyloid precursor protein (hAPP) transgenic mice. Amyloid-β oligomers reduced BRCA1 levels in primary neuronal cultures. In wild-type mice, knocking down neuronal BRCA1 in the dentate gyrus caused increased DNA double-strand breaks, neuronal shrinkage, synaptic plasticity impairments, and learning and memory deficits, but not apoptosis. Low levels of hAPP/Amyloid-β overexpression exacerbated these effects. Physiological neuronal activation increased BRCA1 levels, whereas stimulating predominantly extrasynaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors promoted the proteasomal degradation of BRCA1. We conclude that BRCA1 is regulated by neuronal activity, protects the neuronal genome, and critically supports neuronal integrity and cognitive functions. Pathological accumulation of Aβ depletes neuronal BRCA1, which may contribute to cognitive deficits in AD.
SUMOylation of AMPKα1 by PIAS4 specifically regulates mTORC1 signalling
Authors: Yan Yan , Ollila Saara , Wong Iris P. L. , Vallenius Tea , Palvimo Jorma J. , Vaahtomeri Kari , Mäkelä Tomi P. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibits several anabolic pathways such as fatty acid and protein synthesis, and identification of AMPK substrate specificity would be useful to understand its role in particular cellular processes and develop strategies to modulate AMPK activity in a substrate-specific manner. Here we show that SUMOylation of AMPKα1 attenuates AMPK activation specifically towards mTORC1 signalling. SUMOylation is also important for rapid inactivation of AMPK, to allow prompt restoration of mTORC1 signalling. PIAS4 and its SUMO E3 ligase activity are specifically required for the AMPKα1 SUMOylation and the inhibition of AMPKα1 activity towards mTORC1 signalling. The activity of a SUMOylation-deficient AMPKα1 mutant is higher than the wild type towards mTORC1 signalling when reconstituted in AMPKα-deficient cells. PIAS4 depletion reduced growth of breast cancer cells, specifically when combined with direct AMPK activator A769662, suggesting that inhibiting AMPKα1 SUMOylation can be explored to modulate AMPK activation and thereby suppress cancer cell growth.
A positive feedback loop between Gli1 and tyrosine kinase Hck amplifies shh signaling activities in medulloblastoma
Authors: Shi X , Zhan X , Wu J 
Published: November 2015

AbstractSonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling is critical during normal development, and the abnormal activation of the Shh pathway is involved in many human cancers. As a target gene of the Shh pathway and as a transcription activator downstream of Shh signaling, Gli1 autoregulates and increases Shh signaling output. Gli1 is one of the key oncogenic factors in Shh-induced tumors such as medulloblastoma. Gli1 is posttranslationally modified, but the nature of the active form of Gli1 was unclear. Here we identified a Src family kinase Hck as a novel activator of Gli1. In Shh-responsive NIH3T3 cells, Hck interacts with Gli1 and phosphorylates multiple tyrosine residues in Gli1. Gli1-mediated target gene activation was significantly enhanced by Hck with both kinase activity-dependent and -independent mechanisms. We provide evidence showing that Hck disrupts the interaction between Gli1 and its inhibitor Sufu. In both NIH3T3 cells and cerebellum granule neuron precursors, the Hck gene is also a direct target of Gli1. Therefore, Gli1 and Hck form a positive feedback loop that amplifies Shh signaling transcription outcomes. In Shh-induced medulloblastoma, Hck is highly expressed and Gli1 is tyrosine phosphorylated, which may enhance the tumorigenic effects of the Gli1 oncogene. RNAi-mediated inhibition of Hck expression significantly repressed medulloblastoma cell growth. In summary, a novel positive feedback loop contributes to maximal Gli1 oncogenic activities in Shh-induced tumors such as medulloblastoma.
Contrasting diel hysteresis between soil autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration in a desert ecosystem under different rainfall scenarios
Authors: Song Weimin , Chen Shiping , Zhou Yadan , Wu Bo , Zhu Yajuan , Lu Qi , Lin Guanghui 
Published: November 2015

AbstractDiel hysteresis occurs often between soil CO2 efflux (RS) and temperature, yet, little is known if diel hysteresis occurs in the two components of RS, i.e., autotrophic respiration (RA) and heterotrophic respiration (RH) and how diel hysteresis will respond to future rainfall change. We conducted a field experiment in a desert ecosystem in northern China simulating five different scenarios of future rain regimes. Diel variations of soil CO2 efflux and soil temperature were measured on Day 6 and Day 16 following the rain addition treatments each month during the growing season. We found contrasting responses in the diel hysteresis of RA and RH to soil temperature, with a clockwise hysteresis loop for RH but a counter-clockwise hysteresis loop for RA. Rain addition significantly increased the magnitude of diel hysteresis for both RH and RA on Day 6, but had no influence on either on Day 16 when soil moisture was much lower. These findings underline the different roles of biological (i.e. plant and microbial activities) and physical-chemical (e.g. heat transport and inorganic CO2 exchange) processes in regulating the diel hysteresis of RA and RH, which should be considered when estimating soil CO2 efflux in desert regions under future rainfall regime.
Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 enhances bioavailability of serotonin in gut tissues through modulation of synthesis and clearance
Authors: Nzakizwanayo Jonathan , Dedi Cinzia , Standen Guy , Macfarlane Wendy M. , Patel Bhavik A. , Jones Brian V. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAccumulating evidence shows indigenous gut microbes can interact with the human host through modulation of serotonin (5-HT) signaling. Here we investigate the impact of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) on 5-HT signalling in gut tissues. Ex-vivo mouse ileal tissue sections were treated with either EcN or the human gut commensal MG1655 and effects on levels of 5-HT, precursors and metabolites, were evaluated using amperometry and high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-EC). Exposure of tissue to EcN cells, but not MG1655 cells, was found to increase levels of extra-cellular 5-HT. These effects were not observed when tissues were treated with cell-free supernatant from bacterial cultures. In contrast, when supernatant recovered from untreated ileal tissue was pre-incubated with EcN, the derivative cell-free supernatant was able to elevate 5-HT overflow when used to treat fresh ileal tissue. Measurement of 5-HT precursors and metabolites indicated EcN also increases intracellular 5-HTP and reduces 5-HIAA. The former pointed to modulation of tryptophan hydroxylase-1 to enhance 5-HT synthesis, while the latter indicates an impact on clearance into enterocytes through SERT. Taken together, these findings show EcN is able to enhance 5-HT bioavailability in ileal tissues through interaction with compounds secreted from host tissues.
Mortality Benefits of Antibiotic Computerised Decision Support System: Modifying Effects of Age
Authors: Chow Angela L. P. , Lye David C. , Arah Onyebuchi A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAntibiotic computerised decision support systems (CDSSs) are shown to improve antibiotic prescribing, but evidence of beneficial patient outcomes is limited. We conducted a prospective cohort study in a 1500-bed tertiary-care hospital in Singapore, to evaluate the effectiveness of the hospital’s antibiotic CDSS on patients’ clinical outcomes and the modification of these effects by patient factors. To account for clustering, we used multilevel logistic regression models. One-quarter of 1886 eligible inpatients received CDSS-recommended antibiotics. Receipt of antibiotics according to CDSS’s recommendations seemed to halve mortality risk of patients (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.26–1.10, P = 0.09). Patients aged ≤65 years had greater mortality benefit (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.20–1.00, P = 0.05) than patients that were older than 65 (OR 1.28, 95% CI 0.91–1.82, P = 0.16). No effect was observed on incidence of Clostridium difficile (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.34–3.01) and multidrug-resistant organism (OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.42–2.71) infections. No increase in infection-related readmission (OR 1.16, 95% CI 0.48–2.79) was found in survivors. Receipt of CDSS-recommended antibiotics reduced mortality risk in patients aged 65 years or younger and did not increase the risk in older patients. Physicians should be informed of the benefits to increase their acceptance of CDSS recommendations.
Peginterferon plus Ribavirin for HIV-infected Patients with Treatment-Naïve Acute or Chronic HCV Infection in Taiwan: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Liu Chen-Hua , Sheng Wang-Hui , Sun Hsin-Yun , Hsieh Szu-Min , Lo Yi-Chun , Liu Chun-Jen , Su Tung-Hung , Yang Hung-Chih , Liu Wen-Chun , Chen Pei-Jer , Chen Ding-Shinn , Hung Chien-Ching , Kao Jia-Horng 
Published: November 2015

AbstractData are limited on the effectiveness and safety of peginterferon plus ribavirin in HIV-infected Asian patients with acute or chronic HCV infection. HIV-infected Taiwanese patients with acute HCV infection received peginterferon plus weight-based ribavirin for 24 weeks (n = 24) and those with chronic HCV genotype 1 or 6 (HCV-1/6) and HCV genotype 2 or 3 (HCV-2/3) infection received response-guided therapy for 12–72 and 24–48 weeks, respectively (n = 92). The primary endpoint was sustained virologic response (SVR), defined as undetectable HCV RNA 24 weeks off-therapy. The SVR rates were 83% and 72% in patients with acute and chronic HCV infection (p = 0.30) and 68% and 72% in patients with chronic HCV-1/6 and HCV-2/3 infection (p = 0.48), respectively. While no factors predicted SVR in acute HCV and chronic HCV-2/3 infection, age (odds ratio [OR] per 1-year increase: 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78–0.99, p = 0.04), HCV RNA (OR per 1-log10 increase: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.03–0.98, p = 0.03), IL28B genotype (OR: 5.52, 95% CI: 1.55–12.2, p = 0.02) and RVR (OR: 9.62, 95% CI: 3.89–15.3, p = 0.007) predicted SVR in chronic HCV-1/6 infection. In conclusion, the SVR rates of peginterferon plus ribavirin for 24 weeks and for response-guided 12–72 weeks are satisfactory in HIV-infected Taiwanese patients with acute and chronic HCV infection.