bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel time-varying mesh stiffness model for orthogonal face gear drives considering EHL
Authors: Zhou Wenguang , Zhu Rupeng , Lu Fengxia , Liu Wenzheng , Wang Jingjing 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
This study aims to research the time-varying mesh stiffness (TVMS) model for orthogonal face gear drives considering elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) and provide a theoretical basis for understanding the dynamic characteristics of face gear drives.

Design/methodology/approach
Considering EHL, a novel model is proposed to calculate the TVMS of orthogonal face gears using the deformation compatibility condition. First, the tooth surface equations of orthogonal face gears are derived according to the tooth surface generation principle. Then, the oil film thickness on the tooth surface of face gears is obtained by solving the governing equations of EHL. Furthermore, the proposed model is used to calculate the TVMS of face gears along the mesh cycle and is verified. Finally, the effects of module, tooth number of shaper cutter and pressure angle on mesh stiffness are analyzed.

Findings
The results indicate that when the contact ratio is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2, the TVMS of face gears exhibits a phenomenon of double-single tooth alternating meshing where sudden changes occur. As the module increases, the overall mesh stiffness of face gears increases, and the magnitude of the sudden change at the moment of single-double tooth alternating meshing gradually increases. As the tooth number of shaper cutter and pressure angle increase, so does the TVMS of face gears. When the effect of oil film is considered, the calculated TVMS of face gears slightly increases overall and the increase in average oil film thickness leads to a rise in the TVMS. This study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the dynamic characteristics of face gear drives.

Originality/value
This study’s originality and value lie in its comprehensive approach, which includes conducting analysis based on loaded tooth contact, considering the influence of elastohydrodynamic lubrication, proposing a novel analytical–finite–element model, calculating TVMS of face gears, verifying the proposed model and analyzing the effects of typical structural parameters and oil film thickness.
A hybrid formation path planning based on the velocity-virtual spring method in dynamic environments
Authors: Chen Yimei , Cheng Huanhuan , Li Baoquan 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to propose a path-planning strategy based on the velocity-virtual spring method to realize collision-free tasks in dynamic environments and further improve the effect.

Design/methodology/approach
By considering factors such as the relative velocity and direction of dynamic obstacles, the repulsive force of the robot is improved, thereby enhancing the adaptability of the strategy and achieving flexible and effective avoidance against dynamic obstacles. The attraction formula has been designed to allow the robot to have better smooth changes and higher gradients near the target, helping robots better reach the target and follow formations. Moreover, to meet the demands of the various stages during the driving process, the null space behavioral control is used to solve multi-task conflict problems and strengthen formation coordination and control.

Findings
Comparison of the planning path and formation effects through simulation and physical experiments, the results of this study show that the algorithm proposed can successfully maintain formation stability and plan smooth and safe paths in static or dynamic environments.

Originality/value
This paper proposes a path-planning strategy based on the velocity-virtual spring method to plan collision-free paths for formation in dynamic environments.
Audit firm informatization and audit quality during COVID-19
Authors: Shen Hongtao , Pan Jing , Monroe Gary , You Jiaxing , Wu Huiying 
Published: September 2024

PurposeCOVID-19 has forced audit firms to change the way they operate. One change has been to rely more on information technology (IT) and IT human capital to overcome COVID-19-related challenges. We refer to audit firms’ use of these two resources as audit firm informatization (AFI). It is important to understand whether AFI helps audit firms address challenges created by the pandemic. Thus, this study examines the impact of AFI on audit quality during the COVID-19 pandemic in China with a focus on IT human capital.Design/methodology/approachWe use a mixed-methods approach. First, we perform multivariate regression analyses on archival data. Specifically, we investigate the relationship between IT human capital and audit quality and the two mechanisms (i.e. improved efficiency and reduced audit risk) underlying the relationship. We also investigate how this relationship is moderated by features of clients, audit firms and individual auditors. Then we use interviews to corroborate the results of our regression analyses.FindingsOur analyses of archival data show that IT human capital positively affects audit quality through improved efficiency and reduced audit risk and that this positive impact is more pronounced for clients in non-manufacturing industries, those with a more opaque information environment, audit firms with greater industry coverage and individual auditors with less experience. Our interview data indicate that audit firms with more advanced AFI and a higher level of IT human capital in particular are less disrupted by the pandemic and are better able to use IT to address challenges associated with COVID-19. Furthermore, the results confirm that improved efficiency and reduced audit risk are the mechanisms through which AFI enhances audit quality. Finally, we identify issues associated with the use of IT.Originality/valueThis study is the first to investigate how IT human capital (and by extension AFI) influences audit quality in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings should be of interest to practitioners and setters of auditing standards.
Adapting Western management practices: the rationalization and Taylorization of Turkish state monopolies in early republican Turkey (1933–1950)
Authors: Yalçınkaya Akansel 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the introduction of rationalist concepts through Taylorization to Turkey during the early republican era, using Wallace Clark’s case of the Turkish State Monopolies.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses a historical narrative approach to explore the roles of foreign experts in the transfer of rationalist and Taylorist ideas to Turkish State Monopolies (Inhisarlar Idaresi).

Findings
This study illuminates the introduction and adoption of Taylorist principles in early republican Turkey through multiple lenses. First, it underscores the era’s fervent drive for rapid modernization, rooted in emulation of Western models perceived as progressive. Second, using a historical narrative approach, this research highlights the pivotal role of foreign expertise in catalyzing and formalizing rationalization efforts.

Originality/value
This study makes a unique and meaningful contribution to the history of management in terms of demonstrating the international influence of the Scientific Management Movement through the neglected case of Turkey.
Can we trust LLMs to help us? An examination of the potential use of GPT-4 in generating quality literature reviews
Authors: Zhao Min , Li Fuan , Cai Francis , Chen Haiyang , Li Zheng 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
This study aims to examine the ability of Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4), one of the most powerful large language models, to generate a literature review for peer-reviewed journal publications. The objective is to determine whether business scholars can rely on GPT-4’s assistance with literature reviews and how the nature of human–artificial intelligence (AI) interaction may affect the quality of the reviews generated by GPT-4.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey of 30 experienced researchers was conducted to assess the quality of the literature reviews generated by GPT-4 in comparison with a human-authored literature review published in a Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) journal. The data collected were then analyzed with analysis of variance to ascertain whether we may trust GPT-4’s assistance in writing literature reviews.

Findings
The statistical analysis reveals that when a highly structured approach being used, GPT-4 can generate a high-quality review comparable to that found in an SSCI journal publication. However, when a less structured approach is used, the generated review lacks comprehensive understating and critical analysis, and is unable to identify literature gaps for future research, although it performed well in adequate synthesis and quality writing. The findings suggest that we may trust GPT-4 to generate literature reviews that align with the publication standards of a peer-reviewed journal when using a structured approach to human–AI interaction.

Research limitations/implications
The findings suggest that we may trust GPT-4 to generate literature reviews that align with the publication standards of a peer-reviewed journal when using a structured approach to human–AI interaction. Nonetheless, cautions should be taken due to the limitations of this study discussed in the text.

Originality/value
By breaking down the specific tasks of a literature review and using a quantitative rather than qualitative assessment method, this study provides robust and more objective findings about the ability of GPT-4 to assist us with a very important research task. The findings of this study should enhance our understanding of how GPT-4 may change our research endeavor and how we may take a full advantage of the advancement in AI technology in the future research.
Listening to regulators about the challenges in regulating emerging disruptive technologies
Authors: Galhardo José Antonio Gouvêa , de Souza Cesar Alexandre 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the regulatory challenges of emerging disruptive Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in Brazil and the strategies regulators use to address them.

Design/methodology/approach
It is an empirical qualitative research on Brazil’s three administrative levels, focusing on the legislative houses’ specialised Science and Technology Committees. It combines archival analysis of public meeting records with elite interviews of parliamentarians and technocrats who participated in Public Hearings in 2019, which results in this paper analysed through the Theory of Communicative Action with a critical stance.

Findings
The research reveals that regulatory challenges gain new dimensions by involving discussions about emerging ICT. Factors such as time constraints, rapid technological evolution and widespread adoption compound these challenges, straining the preference for the incremental pace of regulation and the traditional model of specialised regulatory agencies. The research captures some regulators’ values, underlying concerns and perceived necessities for surmounting these challenges. It also outlines the preferred process for ICT regulation, revealing parliamentary assistants and executive intermediate-level specialists as gateways for interest groups’ action.

Social implications
The study's findings highlight the crucial role of specific actors as gateways to the covert action of interest groups, particularly Big Tech firms. This contribution is significant as it empowers civil society and academia to monitor and mitigate the risk of regulatory capture, thereby promoting a more transparent and equitable regulatory environment.

Originality/value
This research is original in directly engaging with the key figures (lawmakers, legislative assistants and specialised bureaucrats) involved in the critical and timely issue of regulating emerging disruptive technologies.
Dying from avoidable causes: a cohort prospective study to understand the characteristics of people with intellectual disabilities at high risk
Authors: Arnold Rosalyn Marie , Acton Danny , Jaydeokar Sujeet 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with different risk stratification levels on the Decision Support Tool for Physical Health (DST-PH). The DST-PH was designed to stratify risk of avoidable mortality in adults with intellectual disabilities.

Design/methodology/approach
A prospective cohort study design was used. Data, including age, gender, ethnicity and completed DST-PH assessments, was collected from adults with intellectual disabilities within an NHS trust in the North-West of England. Descriptive statistics and a risk factor analysis were used to investigate differences between those rating Red, Amber and Green on the DST-PH.

Findings
Risk factor analysis revealed key clinical indicators linked to avoidable mortality. Notably, those experiencing posture or mobility difficulties, transitions in care, an untreated or unstable mental health condition or significant behavioural problems were identified to be at significantly heightened risk of avoidable death. These findings emphasise the importance of proactively recognising and addressing these experiences, particularly posture- and mobility-related challenges, in individuals with intellectual disabilities. It is important to note this study’s findings are based on a small sample size. Therefore, further research with a larger and more diverse population is recommended to validate and expand upon these results.

Originality/value
To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study which has used a risk stratification tool to investigate the clinical and demographic characteristics of individuals with intellectual disability at higher risk of avoidable mortality.
Shifting seagrass‐oyster interactions alter species response to ocean warming and acidification
Authors: DuBois Katherine , Baumann Justin H. , Charles Eban J. , Ralph Fiona G. , Carlon David B. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

A major challenge in biodiversity research is the incorporation of species interactions into frameworks describing population and community response to global edfnmental change (GEC). Mutualisms are a type of species interaction especially sensitive to changing environmental conditions, and the breakdown of facilitative species interactions could amplify the negative impacts of novel climate regimes on focal species.

Here, we investigate how reciprocal interactions between two coastal foundation species, the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) and eelgrass (Zostera marina) shift in sign and magnitude in response to ocean warming (+1.5°C) and acidification (−0.4 pH) via a manipulative co‐culture experiment in mesocosms.

Under ambient environmental conditions, oysters facilitated eelgrass leaf growth and clonal reproduction by 35% and 38%, respectively. Simultaneously, eelgrass decreased the oyster condition index (the ratio of tissue to shell biomass) by 35%, indicating greater allocation of energy to shell growth instead of soft tissues at ambient conditions. Varying sensitivities of each species to ocean warming and/or acidification treatments led to complex shifts in species interactions that were trait dependent. As such, community outcomes under future conditions were influenced by species interactions that amplified and mitigated species response to environmental change.

Synthesis: Given that species interaction effect sizes were similar in magnitude to effect sizes of warming or pH treatments, our results underscore the need to identify key species and interaction types that strongly influence community response to GEC. Specifically, for macrophyte‐bivalve interactions, understanding how physiological limitations on growth are impacted by environmental heterogeneity and co‐culture will support the successful restoration of natural populations and the rapid expansion of aquaculture.
A micro‐level model for crisis management in tourism destinations: An interdisciplinary approach
Authors: Khardani Christin , Schmude Jürgen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCrisis management models aim to prevent, prepare and successfully overcome a crisis. The tourism industry is particularly prone to crises and thus requires adequate models to deal with crises and disasters. Several researchers developed crisis management models for tourism crises. As scholars call for a more holistic approach, this systematic literature review examines 25 crisis management models with organisational and tourism focus between 1979 and 2019 applicable to the tourism field. A textual narrative synthesis is used as methodological approach to analyse and understand the identified models, not only formally but also content‐wise. The findings show that crisis terminology is not consistent, that the crisis lifecycle and crisis management processes are used disparately and that stakeholder involvement within the models is low. As a result, a new model for destination crisis management is created on a micro‐level with aligned terms and phases.
Why governments want to learn about citizens' preferences. Explaining the representational logic behind government polling
Authors: DUROVIC ANJA , SCHNATTERER TINETTE 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhile it is generally admitted that governments in most democracies make extensive use of public opinion research, we do not know much about the way they mobilize this resource. When and why do they want to learn about public opinion? What determines differences in the intensity of government polling over the electoral cycle? Are government opinion polls primarily a tool for testing the reception of government proposals or for learning more about issues that are important to citizens? And what does this tell us about the way political representation works? Understanding governments as actors in the production of public opinion, not just as passive consumers, our focus is on polls commissioned directly by governments. We argue that government polls can help us to better understand how contemporary political representation works since they can play an important role as ‘update instrument’ in anticipatory representation or as a decision‐making aid in promissory representation. By studying government polls as dependent variable, we develop an innovative research design and systematically analyse the factors that explain whether the intensity of government polling (the number of questions asked) varies across different stages of the electoral cycle and whether the issues they ask about correspond more to the government's priorities or those of the public. We present evidence from Germany, mobilizing an original database of all survey questions directly commissioned by the German government during the 18th and 19th legislative periods (2013–2021). Our findings help to better understand the factors that determine the intensity of government polling at different moments of the electoral cycle and to identify the different logic of representation behind this activity. The transition from the post‐election period to the routine period and from the routine period to the pre‐election period correspond to turning points in the German government's use of this instrument. While we could not observe any direct effects of the electoral cycle on the intensity of government polling, the interplay between the former and different types of policy issues proves to be insightful. The government commissions significantly more survey questions on government priorities during the first 3 months in office than during routine times and significantly more survey questions on salient issues as federal elections approach. Moreover, we show that governments commission fewer questions on issues they ‘own’, which points in the same direction as previous studies showing that governments are less interested in public opinion on these issues.
Who (actually) gets the farm? Intergenerational farm succession in the United States
Authors: Haws Adrian , Just David R. , Price Joseph 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFarm succession is a central issue in agricultural policy. Yet although many studies explore succession planning, little is known about how farms are actually transferred. We provide the first population‐level evidence on intergenerational farm succession by linking US census records for millions of farmers' children in 1900 and 1910 to identify which children own and operate the family farm up to 40 years later. We first show that daughters are rarely successors. Using a within‐family identification strategy, we find that first‐born sons are slightly more likely than their younger brothers to be successors while their parents are working aged. However, birth order is not predictive of who receives the farm when parents are older or deceased. For later farm transfers, sons who were previously tenant farmers are much more likely than their brothers to be successors, possibly because they are better prepared. Fewer than one‐fifth of farmers transfer their farm to any son. Our study relies on rich historical data because current policy prevents the necessary data linkages for studying intergenerational farm succession. Providing a secure system for researchers to link modern agricultural data to population microdata, similar to what has been achieved with other data sources, would yield crucial insights into long‐term agricultural policy issues in the US.
An intimate prayer with the dead
Authors: Amoozegar Farzad 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article explores how listening to monājāt (Islamic sung prayer) creates dynamic and unsettling imaginative spaces for Amir—a paraplegic veteran of the 1980–1988 Iran–Iraq War—to be‐with Sohrab, his comrade killed in combat. Amir, who both witnessed Sohrab's tragic death and endured severe physical trauma himself, engages in a profound, nonreciprocal relationship with Sohrab through the act of listening to the sung prayer. Monājāt is a collective experience that derives its power from Amir's imagined world where he finds himself whispering the prayers alongside Sohrab. This participatory mode of listening allows the living to host and welcome the dead. Monājāt creates a nonreciprocal relationship with the dead, a place where Amir hears what is otherwise inaudible. In this imaginary world, Amir finds proximity to be‐with his dead friend. Listening is a mode of being‐in‐the‐world that challenges one to not neglect the other's needs. For Amir, monājāt provides both images of Sohrab in heaven (the radiant face with the angels) and a disturbance by alerting him to recall Sohrab's suffering and the injured face. Listening, then, becomes a response and obligation to care for the dead; a way to attend to and be responsible for Sohrab which for Amir is both healing and haunting.