bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enucleation of facial sebaceous cyst by creating a minimal elliptical incision through a keratin‐filled orifice
Authors: Chen Wei‐liang 
Published: April 2016

SummaryBackgroundA facial sebaceous cyst is a common benign epithelial tumor and surgical excision is frequently performed but may cause obvious scarring and may be esthetically troubling.AimsThis study evaluated the clinical outcomes of the patients with facial sebaceous cyst enucleated by creating minimal elliptical incisions through a keratin‐filled orifice.Materials and methodsEleven patients with facial sebaceous cyst enucleated by creating minimal elliptical incisions through a keratin‐filled orifice. We treated nine male and two female patients aged 25–52 years. The mean cyst size was 1.85 × 1.56 cm.ResultsAll cysts were successfully enucleated. The mean wound length was 0.93 cm. The mean operative time was 15.2 min. The mean follow‐up duration was 41.5 months. No recurrence was noted, and all patients were very satisfied with their esthetic outcomes. All cysts were successfully enucleated. The mean elliptical wound length was 0.93 cm (range, 0.8–1.1 cm). The mean operative time was 15.2 min. We found no evidence of wound infection, or nerve or vascular injury.ConclusionsEnucleation of facial sebaceous cyst via a minimal elliptical incision through the keratin‐filled orifice was associated with high‐level patient satisfaction, and the method is safe and useful for treating facial epidermoid cysts.
Wilms' tumor 1 protein expression in endometrial adenocarcinoma and endometrial intra‐epithelial neoplasia
Authors: Atik Yeliz , Cetinkaya Demir Bilge , Ozan Hakan , Baykara Sema , Usubutun Alp , Yılmaz Erturk Fatma 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAimTo investigate the expression of Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1) protein in endometrial adenocarcinoma (EC) and endometrial intra‐epithelial neoplasia (EIN).MethodsWT1 protein expression was determined on immunohistochemistry in 30 EC patients and in 20 EIN patients. WT1 protein expression in proliferative (n = 7), secretory (n = 9) and atrophic endometrium (n = 9) and benign endometrial polyps (n = 28) was used as the control group. Cellular and vascular WT1 staining was scored semiquantitatively.ResultsCellular WT1 staining was 67% and vascular positivity was 73% in the EC group. In the EIN group the cellular staining was 100% and vascular staining was 85%. Although all EIN samples were positive for cellular WT1 staining, median cellular staining score was similar to that of EC (median, 2; range, 1–3; IQR, 1.75 vs 2, 0–3, 0.75, respectively). Increasing EC grade and stage were not associated with cellular or vascular WT1 staining score.ConclusionWT1 is expressed in EIN.
Expression of P21‐activated kinase 1 and cell division control protein 42 homolog correlates with clinicopathological features and prognosis in cervical carcinoma
Authors: Feng Yimin , Fang Shuqian , Li Ming 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAimThis study investigated P21‐activated kinase 1 (PAK1) and cell division control protein 42 homolog (CDC42) expression and their correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis in cervical carcinoma.MethodsCervical carcinoma (n = 55), cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN, n = 93), and normal cervix (n = 26) tissues were sampled. PAK1 and CDC42 expressions were determined using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Correlation analysis of PAK1 and CDC42 expression was performed using a Pearson correlation test. Survival rate was calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Independent prognostic factors were analyzed by Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsPAK1 and CDC42 expression were positively correlated in all tissues. PAK1 and CDC42 expression in cervical carcinoma tissues were higher than those in normal tissues. PAK1 and CDC42 protein expression in normal cervix, CINI, CINII, CINIII and cervical carcinoma tissues showed a gradually increasing trend. PAK1 and CDC42 expression were correlated with lymph node metastasis, the depth of tumor invasion, the degree of tumor differentiation, histological type and lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI; all P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that the degree of tumor differentiation, PAK1 protein expression, histological type and LVSI are independent risk factors for prognosis of cervical carcinoma.ConclusionHigh PAK1 and CDC42 expressions are closely related to the clinicopathological features and poor prognosis of cervical carcinoma, serving as unfavorable prognostic factors.
Acute Isolated Central Facial Palsy as Manifestation of Middle Cerebral Artery Ischemia
Authors: Sands Kara A. , Shahripour Reza Bavarsad , Kumar Gyanendra , Barlinn Kristian , Lyerly Michael J. , Haršány Michal , Cure Joel , Yakov Yuri L. , Alexandrov Anne W. , Alexandrov Andrei V. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDIsolated central facial palsy (I‐CFP) is attributed to a lacunar syndrome affecting the corona radiata region or pons. We examined our acute stroke registry for patients presenting with I‐CFP and localized their symptoms to a vascular lesion.SUBJECT & METHODSOur database of consecutive patients with symptoms of acute cerebral ischemia admitted from January 2008 to December 2012 was reviewed for NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores and subcomponents. All patients with I‐CFP ± dysarthria (total NIHSS ≤ 3) had contrast‐enhanced MR‐angiography and transcranial Doppler as standard of care. All ischemic lesions were localized by MRI within 72 hours from symptom onset.RESULTSOf 2,202 patients with acute cerebral ischemia, 879 patients (35%) had NIHSS score ≤ 3 points (mean age 63 + 15 years, 46 % women). Nine patients (.4%) presented with I‐CFP ± dysarthria. Of these, only 1 had a lesion in the corona radiata and patent MCA, 1 had a pontine lesion without proximal vessel occlusion (2/9, or 22%). Remaining 7 patients (78%) had flow‐limiting thromboembolic mid‐to‐distal M1/proximal M2 MCA disease. Of these, 6 (86%) patients had a prominent early anterior temporal artery on MRA and nonlacunar ischemic lesions on MRI.CONCLUSIONSContrary to current teaching of lesion localization for an I‐CFP, our study revealed the majority of acute patients presenting with this symptom had evidence of flow‐limiting thromboembolic MCA disease rather than a lacunar lesion. Our findings underscore the essential role of comprehensive vascular imaging in patients presenting with I‐CFP, which is commonly associated with acute flow‐limiting thromboembolic MCA disease.
The influence of oral processing, food perception and social aspects on food consumption: a review
Authors: Pereira L. J. , van der Bilt A. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryEating is an essential activity to get energy and necessary nutrients for living. While chewing, the food is broken down by the teeth and dissolved by saliva. Taste, flavour and texture are perceived during chewing and will contribute to the appreciation of the food. The senses of taste and smell play an important role in selecting nutritive food instead of toxic substances. Also visual information of a food product is essential in the choice and the acceptance of food products, whereas auditory information obtained during the chewing of crispy products will provide information on whether a product is fresh or stale. Food perception does not just depend on one individual sense, but appears to be the result from multisensory integration of unimodal signals. Large differences in oral physiology parameters exist among individuals, which may lead to differences in food perception. Knowledge of the interplay between mastication and sensory experience for groups of individuals is important for the food industry to control quality and acceptability of their products. Environment factors during eating, like TV watching or electronic media use, may also play a role in food perception and the amount of food ingested. Distraction during eating a meal may lead to disregard about satiety and fullness feelings and thus to an increased risk of obesity. Genetic and social/cultural aspects seem to play an important role in taste sensitivity and food preference. Males generally show larger bite size, larger chewing power and a faster chewing rhythm than females. The size of swallowed particles seems to be larger for obese individuals, although there is no evidence until now of an ‘obese chewing style’. Elderly people tend to have fewer teeth and consequently a less good masticatory performance, which may lead to lower intakes of raw food and dietary fibre. The influence of impaired mastication on food selection is still controversial, but it is likely that it may at least cause adaptation in food choice. Systemic conditions, such as high blood pressure, diabetes and cancer, with or without medicine use, tend to be associated with taste and chewing alterations. However, definite conclusions seem hard to reach, as research protocols vary largely.
Evidence Regarding the Treatment of Denture Stomatitis
Authors: Yarborough Alexandra , Cooper Lyndon , Duqum Ibrahim , Mendonça Gustavo , McGraw Kathleen , Stoner Lisa 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDenture stomatitis is a common inflammatory condition affecting the mucosa underlying complete dentures. It is associated with denture microbial biofilm, poor denture hygiene, poor denture quality, and nocturnal denture use. Numerous treatment methodologies have been used to treat stomatitis; however, a gold standard treatment has not been identified. The aim of this systematic review is to report on the current knowledge available in studies representing a range of evidence on the treatment of denture stomatitis.
Characterising the ambient sound environment for infants in intensive care wards
Authors: Shoemark Helen , Harcourt Edward , Arnup Sarah J , Hunt Rod W 
Published: April 2016

AimThe purpose of this study is to characterise ambient sound levels of paediatric and neonatal intensive care units in an old and new hospital according to current standards.MethodsThe sound environment was surveyed for 24‐h data collection periods (n = 80) in the Neonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care Units (NICUs and PICUs) and Special Care Nursery of the old and new Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne.The ambient sound environment was characterised as the proportion of time the ongoing ambient sound met standard benchmarks, the mean 5‐s sound levels and the number and duration of noise events.ResultsIn the old hospital, none of the data collection periods in the NICU and PICU met the standard benchmark for ongoing ambient sound, while only 5 of the 22 data collection periods in the new hospital met the recommended level. There was no change in proportion of time at recommended Leq between the old and the new Special Care Nursery. There was strong evidence for a difference in the mean number of events >65 dBA (Lmax) in the old and new hospital (rate ratio = 0.82, 95% confidence interval: 0.73 to 0.92, P = 0.001). The NICU and PICU were above 50 dBA in 75% of all data collection periods, with ventilatory equipment associated with higher ongoing ambient sound levels.ConclusionsThe ongoing ambient sound suggests that the background sound environment of the new hospital is not different to the old hospital. However, there may be a reduction in the number of noise events.
Comparison of liposomal and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin–lidocaine on cell viability and inflammatory response in human keratinocytes and gingival fibroblasts
Authors: Ferreira Luiz Eduardo Nunes , Muniz Bruno Vilela , dos Santos Cleiton Pita , Volpato Maria Cristina , de Paula Eneida , Groppo Francisco Carlos 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study was to observe the effect multilamellar liposomes (MLV) and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) in the in-vitro effects of lidocaine in cell viability, pro-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin E2 release of both human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and gingival fibroblasts (HGF) cells.

Methods
HaCaT and HGF cells were exposed to lidocaine 100–1 μm in plain, MLV and HP-β-CD formulations for 6 h or 24 h. The formulation effects in cell viability were measured by XTT assay and by fluorescent labelling. Cytokines (IL-8, IL-6 and TNF-α) and PGE2 release were quantified by ELISA.

Key findings
MLV and HP-β-CD formulations did not affect the HaCaT viability, which was significantly decreased by plain lidocaine after 24 h of exposure. Both drug carriers increased all cytokines released by HGF after 24-h exposure, and none of the carriers was able to reduce the PGE2 release induced by lidocaine.

Conclusion
The effect of drug carrier in the lidocaine effects was dependent on the cell type, concentration and time of exposure. MLV and HP-β-CD showed benefits in improving cell viability; however, both of them showed a tendency to increase cytokine release when compared to the plain solution.
Long noncoding RNA H19 mediates melatonin inhibition of premature senescence of c‐kit+ cardiac progenitor cells by promoting miR‐675
Authors: Cai Benzhi , Ma Wenya , Bi Chongwei , Yang Fan , Zhang Lai , Han Zhenbo , Huang Qi , Ding Fengzhi , Li Yuan , Yan Gege , Pan Zhenwei , Yang Baofeng , Lu Yanjie 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMelatonin, a hormone secreted by the pineal gland, possesses multiple biological activities such as antitumor, antioxidant, and anti‐ischemia. C‐kit+ cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) have emerged as a promising tool for the treatment of heart diseases. However, the senescence of CPCs due to pathological stimuli leads to the decline of CPCs' functions and regenerative potential. This study was conducted to demonstrate whether melatonin antagonizes the senescence of CPCs in response to oxidative stress. Here, we found that the melatonin treatment markedly inhibited the senescent characteristics of CPCs after exposed to sublethal concentration of H2O2, including the increase in senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase (SA‐β‐gal)‐positive CPCs, senescence‐associated heterochromatin loci (SAHF), secretory IL‐6 level, and the upregulation of p53 and p21 proteins. Senescence‐associated proliferation reduction was also attenuated by melatonin in CPCs. Luzindole, the melatonin membrane receptor blocker, may block the melatonin‐mediated suppression of premature senescence in CPCs. Interestingly, we found that long noncoding RNA H19 and its derived miR‐675 were downregulated by H2O2 in CPCs, but melatonin treatment could counter this alteration. Furthermore, knockdown of H19 or miR‐675 blocked antisenescence actions of melatonin on H2O2‐treated CPCs. It was further verified that H19‐derived miR‐675 targeted at the 3′UTR of USP10, which resulted in the downregulation of p53 and p21 proteins. In summary, melatonin antagonized premature senescence of CPCs via H19/miR‐675/USP10 pathway, which provides new insights into pharmacological actions and potential applications of melatonin on the senescence of CPCs.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Leptin‐a Gene and Associations with Growth Traits in the Golden Pompano, Trachinotus blochii
Authors: Wu Changsong , Wu Guangcan , Zhang Guoqing , Wang Qian , Luo Jian , Chen Guohua 
Published: April 2016

AbstractLeptin is a multifunctional protein involved in processes such as body weight (BWT) regulation, food intake, and appetite regulation. In this study, we isolated and cloned the full‐length leptin‐a gene from the golden pompano, Trachinotus blochii. A search for polymorphisms, as well as association analyses between these polymorphisms and 10 growth traits were performed. A total of 10 polymorphisms, consisting of five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in intron 1 (C203T, G252A, C380G, G383C, and G587A), one mutation in exon 2 (T775A), one mutation in exon 3 (G1239A), and three SNPs in the 3′‐untranslated region (G1424A, T1653A, and A1654T) were identified and genotyped in 150 individuals. The C203T and C380G polymorphisms, as well as the G1424A and T1653A polymorphisms, showed complete linkage. Association analyses revealed that the T775A polymorphism was significantly associated with BWT, body height (BWH), body length, and overall length (OL), and genotype TT had negative effects on growth traits. Additionally, the SNP G1239A was significantly associated with BWT, BWH, OL, and head length, with the GA genotype showing positive effects on growth traits. The results indicate that polymorphisms in the leptin‐a gene loci can be used as a selection criterion to improve growth traits in golden pompano.
Effect of Stocking Density on Growth, Physiological Responses, and Body Composition of Juvenile Blunt Snout Bream, Megalobrama amblycephala
Authors: Qi Chenglong , Xie Congxin , Tang Rong , Qin Xiao , Wang Deyi , Li Dapeng 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe impact of stocking density on growth performance, physiological indicators, and body composition of juvenile blunt snout bream in recirculating aquaculture system was investigated in this study. Juvenile blunt snout bream were raised at stocking densities of 75, 150, 225, 300, and 450 fish/m3 for 12 wk with three replicate tanks at each density. All treatment tanks were supplied with water from the same recirculating system to ensure uniformity of water quality across groups. This study has shown that higher stocking densities had a negative effect on individual growth performance. Final body mass, specific growth rate (SGR), and weight gain decreased significantly as stocking density increased. Individual body mass as well as body length were more uniform in fish stocked at densities of 75 and 150 fish/m3 than in other groups. Stocking densities of 225 and 300 fish/m3 resulted in significant increases in serum total protein, triglyceride, lactate, and cholesterol levels, whereas blood glucose concentrations decreased significantly. In addition, decreased body lipid content and increased body moisture content were observed at stocking densities of 300 and 450 fish/m3. Overall, a density of 150 fish/m3 resulted in higher SGR and more uniform size among juvenile blunt snout bream.
Optimal Recovery from Disruptions in Water Distribution Networks
Authors: Nayak Munir A. , Turnquist Mark A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAn optimization model is developed to guide recovery of a disrupted water distribution system. The model minimizes the total cost of recovery, including the disruption cost of unmet demand during the repair process and the repair cost itself. The optimization schedules repair tasks under precedence and resource constraints and contains an embedded flow problem that optimizes the distribution of water in each time period, given the state of the network. A simulated annealing algorithm is developed for scheduling the tasks, with the embedded flow problem solved using a generalized reduced gradient method. Experiments with a test water distribution system confirm the effectiveness of the model and provide insight regarding the effects of limited resources available for recovery and of the usefulness of having multiple modes for execution of specific tasks.
BcIqg1, a fungal IQGAP homolog, interacts with NADPH oxidase, MAP kinase and calcium signaling proteins and regulates virulence and development in Botrytis cinerea
Authors: Marschall Robert , Tudzynski Paul 
Published: April 2016

SummaryNADPH oxidases (Nox) produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in multicellular eukaryotic organisms. They trigger defense reactions (‘oxidative burst’) – in phagocytes and plant cells –, and are involved in a broad range of differentiation processes. Fungal Nox‐complexes play a central role in vegetative, sexual and pathogenic processes. In contrast to mammalian systems, knowledge is limited about composition, localisation and connection to major signaling cascades in fungi. Here, we characterize a fungal homolog of the RasGAP scaffold protein IQGAP, which links several major signaling processes, including Nox in mammalian cell lines. We show that BcIqg1 interacts directly with a cytosolic, regulatory component (BcRac) and a membrane‐associated subunit (BcNoxD) of a Nox‐complex in the pathogen Botrytis cinerea. Thus, this protein may be a scaffold that mediates interaction of the catalytic subunits with the regulator BcNoxR. The protein interacts with modules of the MAP kinase‐ and calcium‐dependent signaling pathways. Functional analysis of BcIqg1 substantiated its involvement in different signaling pathways. It mediates the Ca2+‐triggered nuclear translocation of − BcCRZ1 and the MAP kinase BcBmp1. BcIqg1 is involved in resistance against oxidative and membrane stress and is required for several developmental processes including formation of sclerotia, conidial anastomosis tubes and infection cushions as well as for virulence.
Characterization of Botrytis–plant interactions using PathTrack©—an automated system for dynamic analysis of disease development
Authors: Eizner Elad , Ronen Mordechi , Gur Yonatan , Gavish Assaf , Zhu Wenjun , Sharon Amir 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThe measurement of disease development is integral in studies on plant–microbe interactions. To address the need for a dynamic and quantitative disease evaluation, we developed PathTrack©, and used it to analyse the interaction of plants with Botrytis cinerea. PathTrack© is composed of an infection chamber, a photography unit and software that produces video files and numerical values of disease progression. We identified a previously unrecognized infection stage and determined numerical parameters of pathogenic development. Using these parameters, we identified differences in disease dynamics between seemingly similar B. cinerea pathogenicity mutants, and revealed new details on plant susceptibility to the fungus. We showed that the difference between the lesion expansion rate on leaves and colony spreading rate on artificial medium reflects the levels of the plant immune system, suggesting that this parameter can be used to quantify plant defence. Our results shed new light and reveal new details of the interaction between the model necrotrophic pathogen B. cinerea and plants. The concept that we present is universal and may be applied to facilitate the study of various types of plant–pathogen association.
Tinea capitis outbreak among paediatric refugee population, an evolving healthcare challenge
Authors: Mashiah Jacob , Kutz Ana , Ben Ami Ronen , Savion Mihal , Goldberg Ilan , Gan Or Tamar , Zidan Omri , Sprecher Eli , Harel Avikam 
Published: April 2016

SummaryOutbreaks of tinea capitis (TC) represent a major medical and economic burden. Population migrations have become a phenomenon of increasing relevance for medical conditions management. Given the recent massive arrival of immigrants, we sought to determine epidemiologic trends for TC among paediatric populations at the Tel Aviv Medical Center. We conducted a retrospective study of all TC cases diagnosed between 2010 and 2014 in a paediatric dermatology unit of a tertiary medical centre, serving as a referral centre for the paediatric refugee population from the great Tel Aviv area. Epidemiologic, clinical and treatment data including effectiveness and safety were reviewed. In all, 145 children met the inclusion criteria. Trend analyses showed increases in TC rates over the study period. Incidence rates were higher in boys than in girls. Children of African origin had the highest TC incidence rates as compared with other ethnic groups. Trichophyton violaceum and Microsporum audouinii were the predominant causative organisms. Treatment with griseofulvin was satisfactory in all cases. There was a significant increase in TC incidence rates in the Tel Aviv area over the study period. TV and MA were the predominant organisms. These trends may be a result of poor living conditions and crowded school premises.