bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A practical tool for evaluation of innovation outcomes in building projects
Authors: Maghsoudi Soroush , Duffield Colin , Wilson David 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to develop a practical tool to evaluate the outcomes of innovative practices in the building and construction industry.

Design/methodology/approach
A practical tool was proposed. It is an online tool programmed in a JavaScript environment. A previously developed and tested framework was the basis for this tool. Six case projects were used to test and validate the reliability of the tool. The outcomes of the building projects were categorized into six categories of economic, quality, social, environmental, satisfaction and soft and organizational impacts.

Findings
The most important finding of this research was that the evaluation of innovation in building and construction would be possible only if the subjective assessment is tolerated to include the non-monetary outcomes in the evaluation, as well as the monetary outcomes.

Research limitations/implications
The findings of this research are limited to the domestic and medium density building projects; thus, the outcomes might be generalized with appropriate care. The developed tool would assist practitioners in the field of building and construction to realize the impacts of innovation introduced into their projects. The project owners and developers could be the main audience of this tool.

Practical implications
The main contribution of the current study into the literature is the consideration of tangible and intangible outcomes of innovation together. In other words, this tool not only evaluates monetary outcomes but also takes into account non-monetary outcomes. It has been stated in the literature that 80 per cent of firms choose “non-numeric” project selection models (Meredith and Mantel, 2006). To provide a full representation of the reality, this model considers both numeric and non-numeric measures by applying both quantitative and qualitative evaluation methods. The project owners and developers could be the main audience of this tool. It is worth mentioning that this tool is the first attempt of its kind for building and construction projects, and it is applicable and fully practical.

Originality/value
This tool is the first attempt of its kind to evaluate practically the outcomes of innovation in the building and construction industry. The tool practicality and applicability in the real-world project is a privilege which gives more reliability and credibility to the proposed approach of innovation evaluation.
The Nigerian Money Laundering (Prevention and Prohibition) Bill, 2016: a critical appraisal
Authors: Esoimeme Ehi Eric 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to critically examine the Money Laundering (Prevention and Prohibition) Bill, 2016. It also aims to determine the level of effectiveness of the preventive measures in the Bill.

Design/methodology/approach
The appraisal took the form of a desk study, which analyzed various documents and reports such as the Financial Action Task Force Recommendations 2012, Mutual Evaluation Reports conducted by the Inter-Governmental Action Group against Money Laundering in West Africa (GIABA) on Nigeria, the judgment delivered by Justice Gabriel Kolawole of the Federal High Court Abuja and the United Kingdom’s national risk assessment of money laundering and terrorist financing.

Findings
This paper determined that the Bill could achieve its core objectives if the following recommendations are implemented: section 15 of the Bill should be modified to include the definition of “Arrangement”; lawyers should be allowed to send their Suspicious Transaction Report to the Nigerian Bar Association, provided that there are appropriate forms of cooperation between the NBA and the Financial Intelligence Unit, and this approach is in line with the Financial Action Task Force Recommendations; the Bill should expressly prohibit retaliation by employers against whistleblowers and provide them with a private cause of action in the event that they are discharged or discriminated against by their employers, and this approach is being adopted by the US Dodd–Frank Act; a request for customer information, by the Director-General of the Nigeria Financial Intelligence Centre, should be made pursuant to an order of the Federal High Court obtained upon an ex-parte application supported by a sworn declaration by an authorized officer of the Centre, justifying the request for customer information.

Originality/value
This paper offers a critical appraisal of the Money Laundering (Prevention and Prohibition) Bill, 2016. The paper will identify the strengths and weaknesses of the Bill. This is the only paper to adopt this kind of approach.
Money laundering and illicit flows from China – the real estate problem
Authors: Naheem Mohammed Ahmad 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to review some of the current challenges that international money laundering schemes are posing for the Chinese banking sector. Anti-money laundering (AML) systems in China are relatively new, and customer due diligence checks and other AML systems are underdeveloped in some areas.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper considers the specific issues that laundering money through the real estate sector poses to the Chinese banking system and other global banks that could be in receipt of illicit funds from China. The paper also discusses the source of most of China’s illicit flows, which are believed to be from corruption and financial crime offences rather than drug or organised criminal gangs.

Findings
The paper uses empirical evidence, including media coverage and academic studies from other authors working on this issue, and supports the need to develop stronger risk-based systems, as opposed to rules-based systems, for managing AML risk assessment. Previous work by the author and suggestions from other authors are both used to suggest a basic framework for AML risk assessment.

Originality/value
The paper concludes by reiterating the fact that China like all other countries is now operating in an international banking context, in much the same way that international organised crime is also operating at a global level. It also emphasises that real estate remains a targeted sector for criminals seeking to launder funds.
An integrated modelling strategy between a CFD and an FE software
Authors: Tondini Nicola , Morbioli Andrea , Vassart Olivier , Lechêne Sullivan , Franssen Jean-Marc 
Published: January 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to present the assumptions and the issues that arise when developing an integrated modelling methodology between a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software applied to compartment fires and a finite element (FE) software applied to structural systems.Design/methodology/approachParticular emphasis is given to the weak coupling approach developed between the CFD code fire dynamics simulator (FDS) and the FE software SAFIR. Then, to show the potential benefits of such a methodology, a multi-storey steel-concrete composite open car park was considered.FindingsResults show that the FDS–SAFIR coupling allows overcoming shortcomings of simplified models by performing the thermal analysis in the structural elements based on a more advanced modelling of the fire development, whereas it appears that the Hasemi model is more conservative in terms of thermal action.Originality/valueA typical design approach using the Hasemi model is compared with a more advanced analysis that relies on the proposed FDS–SAFIR coupling.
Creep-free fire analysis of steel structures with Eurocode 3 material model
Authors: Toric Neno , Sun Rui Rui , Burgess Ian W. 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to propose a methodology to remove inherent implicit creep from the Eurocode 3 material model for steel and to present a creep-free analysis on simply supported steel members.

Design/methodology/approach
Most of the available material models of steel are based on transient coupon tests, which inherently include creep strain associated with particular heating rates and load ratios.

Findings
The creep-free analysis aims to reveal the influence of implicit creep by investigating the behaviour of simply supported steel beams and columns exposed to various heating regimes. The paper further evaluates the implicit consideration of creep in the Eurocode 3 steel material model.

Originality/value
A modified Eurocode 3 carbon steel material model for creep-free analysis is proposed for general structural fire engineering analysis.
Influence of web stiffeners on cold-formed steel beams subjected to fire
Authors: Rodrigues Joao Paulo C. , Laim Luis , Craveiro Hélder David 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to present the results of a study on the behaviour of cold-formed galvanized steel beams subjected to fire, using the results of a large programme of experimental tests.

Design/methodology/approach
The research investigated the influence of web stiffeners in the sections and the stiffness of the surrounding structure, including the axial and rotational restraining to the thermal elongation, on the flexural behaviour of the beams in case of fire. In other words, the structural response of different open cold-formed steel beams, with and without web stiffeners, was compared in case of fire.

Findings
The results showed that a good choice between using cold-formed steel beams, with and without web stiffeners, may depend on the section shape and the internal forces generated in these members during a fire.

Originality/value
Temperatures in the furnace and at several points of the beams, as well as deformations and restraining forces and moments, were measured to achieve those goals and consequently to assess the critical time and temperature of these beams.
Calibration of a simplified method for fire resistance assessment of partially encased composite beams
Authors: Del Prete Iolanda , Cefarelli Giuseppe , Nigro Emidio 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to deal with the evaluation of the bending moment resistance of partially encased composite beams, heated from below by the standard-time temperature curve (ISO 834).

Design/methodology/approach
EN 1994-1-2 provides two calculation models for evaluating the sagging and hogging moment resistance: the “general simplified rules” and the “simplified models” proposed in the Annex F.

Findings
In this paper, these simplified calculation models were implemented on several partially encased composite beams, by means of a parametric analysis. Then, the results were compared to those obtained through an advanced calculation model, such as the Moment–Curvature model, by means of a comparative analysis.

Originality/value
The aim of the “parametric-comparative” analysis is the evaluation of the reliability of the Annex F simplified models. This analysis was conducted by means of both numerical-numerical and numerical-experimental comparisons. This paper provides an alternative simplified calculation model, which is easy to implement and very reliable.
Behaviour and resistance of cold-formed steel beams with lipped channel sections under fire conditions
Authors: Arrais Flávio , Lopes Nuno , Vila Real Paulo 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
Steel beams composed of cold-formed sections are common in buildings because of their lightness and ability to support large spans. However, the instability phenomena associated to these members are not completely understood in fire situation. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyse the behaviour of beams composed of cold-formed lipped channel sections at elevated temperatures.

Design/methodology/approach
A numerical analysis is made, applying the finite element program SAFIR, on the behaviour of simply supported cold formed steel beams at elevated temperatures. A parametric study, considering several cross-sections with different slenderness’s values, steel grades and bending diagrams, is presented. The obtained numerical results are compared with the design bending resistances determined from Eurocode 3 Part 1-2 and its French National Annex (FN Annex).

Findings
The current design expressions revealed to be too conservative when compared with the obtained numerical results. It was possible to observe that the FN Annex is less conservative than the Annex E, the first having a better agreement with the numerical results.

Originality/value
Following the previous comparisons, new fire design formulae are tested. This new methodology, which introduces minimum changes in the existing formulae, provides safety and accuracy at the same time when compared to the numerical results, considering the occurrence of local, distortional and lateral torsional buckling phenomena in these members at elevated temperatures.
Experimental and numerical study on the fire response of cold-formed steel beams with elastically restrained thermal elongation
Authors: Laím Luis , Rodrigues João Paulo C. 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This paper is mainly aimed at the structural performance of compound cold-formed galvanised steel beams under fire conditions based on the results of a large programme of experimental tests and numerical simulations. The main objective of this research was to assess the critical temperature and time of the studied beams. Other important goals of this research work were to investigate the influence of the cross-sections (C, lipped-I, R and 2R beams) and, above all, of the axial restraint (0, 0.45, 3, 7.5, 15, 30, ∞ kN/mm) to the thermal elongation of the beam and the rotational restraint at beam supports (0, 15, 80, 150, 300, 1,200 and ∞ kN.m/rad) on the fire resistance of this kind of beams.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper still provides details of the simulation methodology for achieving numerical stability and faithful representation of detailed structural behaviour and compares the simulation and experimental results, including beam failure modes, measured beam axial forces and beam mid-span deflections.

Findings
Good agreement between Abaqus simulations and experimental observations confirms that the finite element models developed with the Abaqus/standard solver are suitable for predicting the structural fire behaviour of restrained cold-formed steel beams.

Originality/value
The results showed above all that the effect of the stiffness of the surrounding structure seems to decrease with the increasing slenderness of the beams.
Comparison between RST and PID controllers performance of a reduced order model and the original model of a hydraulic actuator dedicated to a semi-active suspension
Authors: Babesse Saad , Ameddah Djameleddine , Inel Fouad 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
In this paper, an effective method to calculate the reduced-order model (ROM) of high-order linear time-invariant system is elaborated; this is done by evaluating time moments of the original high-order model (HOM).

Design/methodology/approach
The developed method has been applied to a hydraulic actuator of antiroll bar mechanism dedicated to heavy vehicle semi-active suspension. And as the actuator is a large-scale system; and that in this case, the only control applied is a classical control and with trial and error procedure (like PID), the use of an order reduction method is necessary. Hence, the actuator that has an eighth-order transfer function with uncontrollable states has been approximated by fully controllable second-order model, which is suitable for feedback controllers (RST, LQR […]). The RST control is applied to control the roll angle of the actuator and simulations are carried out to show the effectiveness of the procedure.

Findings
It is clear that RST shows good tracking as compared to PID. For further work, the given RST controller has a discrete character and can be easily implemented on the real process and then as a further simulation, one can use another controller such as fractional adaptive controller.

Originality/value
In the recent years, the technological need of modeling order, thus the complexity of the systems, directed the researchers toward the reduction of order of these systems, not only to facilitate the analysis but also to find a suitable approximation of the high-order systems while keeping the same important characteristics as closely as possible. Several methods are available but they fail to give stable transfer functions or important characteristics of the original system.
Performance of energy scavenging device by considering fatigue of PZT
Authors: Allamraju K. Viswanath , Korla Srikanth 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
Purpose is to design the energy harvesters and to know the limit of the application of load on the PZT material. Fatigue failures of the designed products is merely bothering the modern engineers and scientists for the research communities of all fields. Especially in the field of Micro Electromechanical Systems (MEMS), durability of low power systems is very important under the climates of both at high temperature and low temperature zones. And also continuous electrical power requirement is important for the MEMS and wireless sensor networks. Electricity is the greatest crisis in the world on one side and on the other side, durability of smart devices such as mobile phones, laptops, compact devices, computer spare parts are unrecyclicable batteries for reducing the rate of pollution in the environment.

Design/methodology/approach
By considering these problems, authors have taken up a research in finding the first fatigue characteristics, which are fatigue failure and durability of ferroelectric material as lead zirconate titanate, and then designed the scavenging device by using harmonically excited vibrations for getting optimum power output which is about 15.6 mW.

Findings
Under the resonance operated condition at the frequency of about 50 Hz, a prototype of scavenging device is about 90 V AC peak-to-peak voltage and the durability of scavenging device is 9.715 years.

Originality/value
Durability of PZT at different environmental conditions plays a very important role for the continuous function of low power devices. The output of PZT may change when the working time increases in addition with the mechanical properties.
Evaluation of bond strength between fire-damaged normal concrete substance and ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete as a repair material
Authors: Baharuddin Nur Khaida , Mohamed Nazri Fadzli , Putra Jaya Ramadhansyah , Abu Bakar Badorul Hisyam 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This study aims to investigate and compare the interfacial bond characteristics between fire-damaged normal concrete substrate and ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) as a repair material.

Design/methodology/approach
First, fire-damaged normal concrete was prepared. Then, with a cast surface, the substrate was subjected to different surface moisture conditions. Three types of moisture conditions were set, namely, air dry, saturated surface dry (SSD) and wet. Slant shear and splitting cylinder tests were conducted to determine the interfacial bond strength of the composite.

Findings
In general, results indicate that surface moisture conditions significantly influence bond strength. The substrate under SSD condition exhibited the highest bond strength. The findings suggest that UHPFRC is a promising material for the repair and reuse of fire-damaged concrete structures.

Originality/value
This study compares the bond strength between fire-damaged normal concrete and UHPRC.
Warping deformation of 316l/q345r stainless composite plate after removal strake
Authors: Qin Qin , Wu Zu-huai , Zang Yong , Guan Ben , Zhang Jinxin 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This study aims to reduce the warping deformation of the stainless composite plate after removal strake by using a finite element method. A three-dimensional thermo-mechanical coupled elastic-plastic finite element model has been suggested by using ABAQUS to simulate the multi-pass hot rolling of stainless composite plate.

Design/methodology/approach
A three-dimensional thermo-mechanical coupled elastic-plastic finite element model has been suggested by using ABAQUS to simulate the multi-pass hot rolling of stainless composite plate. Warping deformation rules of 316L/Q345R stainless composite plate after removal strake have been analyzed. Moreover, the influences of some different rolling parameters on this deformation have been discussed.

Findings
The warping deformation just varies in the range of cladding ratio from 0.1 to 0.25. Therefore, cladding ratio does not have a great influence on warping deformation.

Originality/value
The results show that higher heating temperature, larger final thickness and less rolling passes are beneficial for reducing the warping deformation.
The response of ecosystem service value to land-use change in the upper Zhang River region from 2001 to 2013
Authors: Liu Haixin , Liu Xinxia , Zhao Yuling , Wang Hefeng , Wang Dongli 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This study aims to analyze the changes in the ecosystem service value (ESV) in response to land use and contribute significantly to ecological construction and sustainable development.

Design/methodology/approach
The present study was conducted in the upper Zhanghe River region based on the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer Land Cover Type product MCD12Q1 by using geographic information system (GIS) methods to process and re-classify the land-use data and using the Chinese ESV equivalent weight factors to investigate changes in land use and resulting changes in ESV between 2001 and 2013.

Findings
The results showed significant fluctuations in ESV between 2001 and 2013: there was a decline in ESV from 2001 to 2004, followed by a gradual rise after 2004, and the overall ESV exceeded 2001 levels by the end of 2013. However, the pattern of ESV change differed across geographic locations, and each administrative region contributed differently to the overall trend. The analysis confirmed that the land-use change was closely related to the change in its ESV, and the coefficients of sensitivity of ESV for all types of land use were less than one, indicating that the coefficient value of ESV lacked elasticity.

Research limitations/implications
Therefore, to promote sustainable development in the upper Zhanghe River region, ESV should be taken into consideration when planning land use, especially for land types with high ESV, such as water bodies and forestlands.

Originality/value
The results can provide scientific support for the sustainable development of the ecological, economic and societal aspects of the upper Zhanghe River region. In addition, county-level administrative divisions were set as the basic research unit for the analysis and discussion of ESV changes in each unit within the research period and its impact on the overall ESV of the entire area to lay down a foundation for the analysis of the ESV spatial dynamic distribution in the entire research site.