bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercise training in Tgαq*44 mice during the progression of chronic heart failure: cardiac vs. peripheral (soleus muscle) impairments to oxidative metabolism
Authors: Grassi Bruno , Majerczak Joanna , Bardi Eleonora , Buso Alessia , Comelli Marina , Chlopicki Stefan , Guzik Magdalena , Mavelli Irene , Nieckarz Zenon , Salvadego Desy , Tyrankiewicz Urszula , Skórka Tomasz , Bottinelli Roberto , Zoladz Jerzy A. , Pellegrino Maria Antonietta 
Published: May 2017

Cardiac function, skeletal (soleus) muscle oxidative metabolism, and the effects of exercise training were evaluated in a transgenic murine model (Tgαq*44) of chronic heart failure during the critical period between the occurrence of an impairment of cardiac function and the stage at which overt cardiac failure ensues (i.e., from 10 to 12 mo of age). Forty-eight Tgαq*44 mice and 43 wild-type FVB controls were randomly assigned to control groups and to groups undergoing 2 mo of intense exercise training (spontaneous running on an instrumented wheel). In mice evaluated at the beginning and at the end of training we determined: exercise performance (mean distance covered daily on the wheel); cardiac function in vivo (by magnetic resonance imaging); soleus mitochondrial respiration ex vivo (by high-resolution respirometry); muscle phenotype [myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform content; citrate synthase (CS) activity]; and variables related to the energy status of muscle fibers [ratio of phosphorylated 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to unphosphorylated AMPK] and mitochondrial biogenesis and function [peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor-γ coactivator-α (PGC-1α)]. In the untrained Tgαq*44 mice functional impairments of exercise performance, cardiac function, and soleus muscle mitochondrial respiration were observed. The impairment of mitochondrial respiration was related to the function of complex I of the respiratory chain, and it was not associated with differences in CS activity, MHC isoforms, p-AMPK/AMPK, and PGC-1α levels. Exercise training improved exercise performance and cardiac function, but it did not affect mitochondrial respiration, even in the presence of an increased percentage of type 1 MHC isoforms. Factors “upstream” of mitochondria were likely mainly responsible for the improved exercise performance. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Functional impairments in exercise performance, cardiac function, and soleus muscle mitochondrial respiration were observed in transgenic chronic heart failure mice, evaluated in the critical period between the occurrence of an impairment of cardiac function and the terminal stage of the disease. Exercise training improved exercise performance and cardiac function, but it did not affect the impaired mitochondrial respiration. Factors “upstream” of mitochondria, including an enhanced cardiovascular O2 delivery, were mainly responsible for the functional improvement.
A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of the Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Breast Density in Premenopausal Women
Authors: Brisson Jacques , Bérubé Sylvie , Diorio Caroline , Mâsse Benoît , Lemieux Julie , Duchesne Thierry , Delvin Edgar , Vieth Reinhold , Yaffe Martin J. , Chiquette Jocelyne 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackground: This double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel group trial assessed whether oral supplementation with 1,000, 2,000, or 3,000 IU/day vitamin D3 over one year reduces percent mammographic breast density in premenopausal women.Methods: The trial was conducted between October 2012 and June 2015, among premenopausal female volunteers from Quebec City (Quebec, Canada). Women were randomized with ratio 1:1:1:1 to one of four study arms (1,000, 2,000, or 3,000 IU/day vitamin D3 or placebo). The primary outcome was mean change in percent mammographic breast density. Participants and research team were blinded to study arm assignment.Results: Participants (n = 405) were randomized to receive 1,000 (n = 101), 2,000 (n = 104), or 3,000 IU/day (n = 101) vitamin D3, or a placebo (n = 99). The primary analysis included 391 participants (96, 99, 100, and 96, respectively). After the one-year intervention, mean ± SE change in percent breast density in the arms 1,000 IU/day (–5.5% ± 0.5%) and 2,000 IU/day (–5.9% ± 0.5%) vitamin D3 was similar to that in the placebo arm (−5.7% ± 0.5%) (P values = 1.0). In the 3,000 IU/day vitamin D3 arm, percent breast density also declined but slightly less (–3.8% ± 0.5%) compared with placebo arm (P = 0.03). Adherence to intervention was excellent (92.8%), and reporting of health problems was comparable among study arms (P ≥ 0.95). All participants had normal serum calcium.Conclusions: In premenopausal women, one-year supplementation with 1,000, 2,000, or 3,000 IU/day vitamin D3 resulted in a reduction of percent breast density no greater than that seen with the placebo.Impact: At doses of 1,000–3,000 IU/day, vitamin D supplementation will not reduce breast cancer risk through changes in breast density. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(8); 1233–41. ©2017 AACR.
Racial Differences in Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy Use and Discontinuation in Association with Mortality among Medicare Breast Cancer Patients by Receptor Status
Authors: Farias Albert J. , Du Xianglin L. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Background: There are racial disparities in breast cancer mortality. Our purpose was to determine whether racial/ethnic differences in use and discontinuation of adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) differed by hormone receptor status and whether discontinuation was associated with mortality.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study with SEER/Medicare dataset of women age ≥65 years diagnosed with stage I–III breast cancer in Medicare Part-D from 2007 to 2009, stratified by hormone receptor status. We performed multivariable logistic regressions to assess racial differences for the odds of AET initiation and Cox proportional hazards models to determine the risk of discontinuation and mortality.
Results: Of 14,902 women, 64.5% initiated AET &lt;12 months of diagnosis. Among those with hormone receptor–positive cancer, 74.8% initiated AET compared with 5.6% of women with negative and 54.0% with unknown-receptor status. Blacks were less likely to initiate [OR, 0.76; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.66–0.88] compared with whites. However, those with hormone receptor–positive disease were less likely to discontinue (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.80–0.98). Women who initiated with aromatase inhibitors had increased risk of discontinuation compared with women who initiated tamoxifen (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.05–1.20). Discontinuation within 12 months was associated with higher risk of all-cause (HR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.74–2.00) and cancer-specific mortality (HR, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.74–4.38) after controlling for race/ethnicity.
Conclusions: There are racial/ethnic differences in AET use and discontinuation. Discontinuing treatment was associated with higher risk of all-cause and cancer-specific mortality regardless of hormone receptor status.
Impact: This study underscores the need to study factors that influence discontinuation and the survival benefits of receiving AET for hormone receptor–negative breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(8); 1266–75. ©2017 AACR.
Low discriminating power of the modified Ottawa VTE risk score in a cohort of patients with cancer from the RIETE registry
Authors: Alatri Adriano , Mazzolai Lucia , Font Carme , Tafur Alfonso , Valle Reina , Marchena Pablo , Ballaz Aitor , Tiraferri Eros , Font Llorenç , Monreal Manuel ,   the RIETE Investigators
Published: May 2017

SummaryTreatment of patients with cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains a major challenge. The modified Ottawa score is a clinical prediction rule evaluating the risk of VTE recurrences during the first six months of anticoagulant treatment in patients with cancer-related VTE. We aimed to validate the Ottawa score using data from the RIETE registry. A total of 11,123 cancer patients with VTE were included in the analysis. According to modified Ottawa score, 2,343 (21%) were categorised at low risk for VTE recurrences, 4,525 (41%) at intermediate risk, and 4,255 (38%) at high risk. Overall, 477 episodes of VTE recurrences were recorded during the course of anticoagulant therapy, with an incidence rate for low, intermediate, and high risk groups of 6.88% (95% CI 5.31–8.77), 11.8% (95% CI 10.1–13.6), and 21.3% (95% CI 18.8–24.1) patient-years, respectively. Overall mortality had an incidence rate of 21.1% (95% CI 18.2–24.3), 79.4% (95% CI: 74.9–84.1), and 134.7% (95% CI: 128.3–141.4) patient-years, respectively. The accuracy and discriminating power of the modified Ottawa score for VTE recurrence was modest, with low sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value, and a C-statistics of 0.58 (95% CI: 0.56–0.61). In our analysis, the modified Ottawa score did not accurately predict VTE recurrence among patients with cancer-associated thrombosis, thus hindering its use in clinical practice. It is time to define a new score including other clinical predictors.
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Cardiomyocytes Provide In Vivo Biological Pacemaker Function
Authors: Chauveau Samuel , Anyukhovsky Evgeny P. , Ben-Ari Meital , Naor Shulamit , Jiang Ya-Ping , Danilo Peter , Rahim Tania , Burke Stephanie , Qiu Xiaoliang , Potapova Irina A. , Doronin Sergey V. , Brink Peter R. , Binah Ofer , Cohen Ira S. , Rosen Michael R. 
Published: May 2017

Background—
Although multiple approaches have been used to create biological pacemakers in animal models, induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) have not been investigated for this purpose. We now report pacemaker function of iPSC-CMs in a canine model.

Methods and Results—

Embryoid bodies were derived from human keratinocytes, their action potential characteristics determined, and their gene expression profiles and markers of differentiation identified. Atrioventricular blocked dogs were immunosuppressed, instrumented with VVI pacemakers, and injected subepicardially into the anterobasal left ventricle with 40 to 75 rhythmically contracting embryoid bodies (totaling 1.3–2×10
6
cells). ECG and 24-hour Holter monitoring were performed biweekly. After 4 to 13 weeks, epinephrine (1 μg kg
−1
min
−1
) was infused, and the heart removed for histological or electrophysiological study. iPSC-CMs largely lost the markers of pluripotency, became positive for cardiac-specific markers. and manifested
I
f
-dependent automaticity. Epicardial pacing of the injection site identified matching beats arising from that site by week 1 after implantation. By week 4, 20% of beats were electronically paced, 60% to 80% of beats were matching, and mean and maximal biological pacemaker rates were 45 and 75 beats per minute. Maximum night and day rates of matching beats were 53±6.9 and 69±10.4 beats per minute, respectively, at 4 weeks. Epinephrine increased rate of matching beats from 35±4.3 to 65±4.0 beats per minute. Incubation of embryoid bodies with the vital dye, Dil, revealed the persistence of injected cells at the site of administration.

Conclusions—
iPSC-CMs can integrate into host myocardium and create a biological pacemaker. Although this is a promising development, rate and rhythm of the iPSC-CMs pacemakers remain to be optimized.
Risk Factors for Heart Failure in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: The CRIC (Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort) Study
Authors: He Jiang , Shlipak Michael , Anderson Amanda , Roy Jason A. , Feldman Harold I. , Kallem Radhakrishna Reddy , Kanthety Radhika , Kusek John W. , Ojo Akinlolu , Rahman Mahboob , Ricardo Ana C. , Soliman Elsayed Z. , Wolf Myles , Zhang Xiaoming , Raj Dominic , Hamm Lee , Appel Lawrence J. , Go Alan S. , Lash James P. , Townsend Raymond R. 
Published: May 2017

Background
Heart failure is common in patients with chronic kidney disease. We studied risk factors for incident heart failure among 3557 participants in the CRIC (Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort) Study.

Methods and Results

Kidney function was assessed by estimated glomerular filtration rate (
eGFR
) using serum creatinine, cystatin C, or both, and 24‐hour urine albumin excretion. During an average of 6.3 years of follow‐up, 452 participants developed incident heart failure. After adjustment for age, sex, race, and clinical site, hazard ratio (95%
CI
) for heart failure associated with 1
SD
lower creatinine‐based
eGFR
was 1.67 (1.49, 1.89), 1 SD lower cystatin C‐based‐
eGFR
was 2.43 (2.10, 2.80), and 1 SD higher log‐albuminuria was 1.65 (1.53, 1.78), all
P
<0.001. When all 3 kidney function measures were simultaneously included in the model, lower cystatin C‐based
eGFR
and higher log‐albuminuria remained significantly and directly associated with incidence of heart failure. After adjusting for
eGFR
, albuminuria, and other traditional cardiovascular risk factors, anemia (1.37, 95%
CI
1.09, 1.72,
P
=0.006), insulin resistance (1.16, 95%
CI
1.04, 1.28,
P
=0.006), hemoglobin A1c (1.27, 95%
CI
1.14, 1.41,
P
<0.001), interleukin‐6 (1.15, 95%
CI
1.05, 1.25,
P
=0.002), and tumor necrosis factor‐α (1.10, 95%
CI
1.00, 1.21,
P
=0.05) were all significantly and directly associated with incidence of heart failure.

Conclusions

Our study indicates that cystatin C‐based
eGFR
and albuminuria are better predictors for risk of heart failure compared to creatinine‐based
eGFR
. Furthermore, anemia, insulin resistance, inflammation, and poor glycemic control are independent risk factors for the development of heart failure among patients with chronic kidney disease.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training Disparities in the United States
Authors: Blewer Audrey L. , Ibrahim Said A. , Leary Marion , Dutwin David , McNally Bryan , Anderson Monique L. , Morrison Laurie J. , Aufderheide Tom P. , Daya Mohamud , Idris Ahamed H. , Callaway Clifton W. , Kudenchuk Peter J. , Vilke Gary M. , Abella Benjamin S. 
Published: May 2017

Background

Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (
CPR
) is associated with increased survival from cardiac arrest, yet bystander CPR rates are low in many communities. The overall prevalence of
CPR
training in the United States and associated individual‐level disparities are unknown. We sought to measure the national prevalence of
CPR
training and hypothesized that older age and lower socioeconomic status would be independently associated with a lower likelihood of
CPR
training.

Methods and Results

We administered a cross‐sectional telephone survey to a nationally representative adult sample. We assessed the demographics of individuals trained in
CPR
within 2 years (currently trained) and those who had been trained in
CPR
at some point in time (ever trained). The association of
CPR
training and demographic variables were tested using survey weighted logistic regression. Between September 2015 and November 2015, 9022 individuals completed the survey; 18% reported being currently trained in
CPR
, and 65% reported training at some point previously. For each year of increased age, the likelihood of being currently
CPR
trained or ever trained decreased (currently trained: odds ratio, 0.98; 95%
CI,
0.97–0.99;
P
<0.01; ever trained:
OR
, 0.99; 95%
CI
, 0.98–0.99;
P
=0.04). Furthermore, there was a greater then 4‐fold difference in odds of being currently
CPR
trained from the 30–39 to 70–79 year old age groups (95%
CI
, 0.10–0.23). Factors associated with a lower likelihood of
CPR
training were lesser educational attainment and lower household income (
P
<0.01 for each of these variables).

Conclusions

A minority of respondents reported current training in
CPR
. Older age, lesser education, and lower income were associated with reduced likelihood of
CPR
training. These findings illustrate important gaps in US
CPR
education and suggest the need to develop tailored
CPR
training efforts to address this variability.
A Comparison of the Early Twenty-First Century Drought in the United States to the 1930s and 1950s Drought Episodes
Authors: Heim Richard R. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe United States experienced a severe drought that peaked in 2012 and was characterized by near-record extent, record warmth, and record dryness in several areas. For some regions, the 2012 drought was a continuation of drought that began in earlier years and continued through 2014. The 1998–2014 drought episode is compared to the two other major drought episodes of the twentieth century in terms of duration, areal extent, intensity, and spatial pattern using operational datasets produced by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Centers for Environmental Information. It is characterized by more short-term dryness, more concurrent (regional) wetness, and warmer temperatures than the other two drought episodes. The implications of these differences for water resource managers and decision-makers are discussed.
Vernov Satellite Data of Transient Atmospheric Events
Authors: Klimov Pavel , Garipov Gali , Khrenov Boris , Morozenko Violetta , Barinova Vera , Bogomolov Vitaly , Kaznacheeva Margarita , Panasyuk Mikhail , Saleev Kirill , Svertilov Sergey 
Published: May 2017

AbstractData on transient atmospheric events (TAEs) were obtained from the Vernov satellite and are presented in this paper. The data are considered in conjunction with previous data obtained by the Universitetsky-Tatiana-1 and Universitetsky-Tatiana-2 satellites. The larger volume of stored scientific data in the Vernov mission and its advanced ultraviolet (UV) and red–infrared (R–IR) radiation detector (DUV) measurements allowed improved TAE-distribution data to be obtained over a wide range of photon numbers. The difference between features of luminous transients and “dim” transients, measured by the Universitetsky-Tatiana-2 satellite, is confirmed by Vernov’s data. There are also interesting dim UV events with no R–IR radiation. Such events are expected to be deep in the atmosphere at the level of thunderstorm clouds. They might be radiated by electric discharges of less power than lightning; in fact, at the preliminary stage of lightning. The observation of repeating dim TAEs in various time intervals, starting from tens of milliseconds and up to minutes, indicates that thunderstorm electric activity is much more variable than pure lightning strikes.
Bioethical analysis to the therapeutic use of Cannabis: Integrative review
Authors: Vasconcelos Selene Cordeiro , Silva Antonia Oliveira , Moreira Maria Adelaide Silva Paredes , Correia Analine de Souza Bandeira , Guerra Ana Luisa Antunes Gonçalves , Santos Adrielle Rodrigues dos , Frazão Iracema da Silva 
Published: May 2017

Introduction: Despite being considered as a contravention under some countries’ legislation, the therapeutic use of Cannabis sativa has been growing in Brazil, due to the promising results observed in many pathologies. Such a scenario has fostered the need to deepen discussions on the subject and possibly revise legislation governing the substance use and access. Objectives: Identify the types of stigma related to the therapeutic use of Cannabis and describe the strategies people use to overcome stigma. Methods: This integrative review was carried out in the databases PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, with 565 articles being retrieved. Triads’ cross-check were done, first maintaining the “cannabis” and “therapeutic use” pair, added by “stigma,” “bioethics,” “ethics,” “social consequences,” and “legal consequences.” The final selection resulted in six articles. Ethical Consideration: However, the ethical issues that pervade and regulate decisions on this subject must be considered. Results: Different dimensions and types of stigma related to the therapeutic use of Cannabis have been identified. The bioethical principle of autonomy was an expression of citizenship and human rights, mitigating internal conflicts related to self-stigma and the effects of external stigma on the person’s life. Conclusion: It was possible to identify the types of stigma related to the therapeutic use of Cannabis is an internal dimension represented (self-stigma) and an external dimension, represented (social and structural stigmas) and to identify strategies adopted to face this stigma: skills training group for users, elaboration of laws and specific programs to clarify the therapeutic use of Cannabis with a greater social scope, and support for family members. Thus, contributing to the building of people’s autonomy in a broader context of decision-making autonomy and executive autonomy will provide the development of people’s capacity to perform complex tasks of self-management and, consequently, to continue promoting and preserving their decision-making process and their capacity to plan and perform tasks associated with managing their lives and their treatments.
Blood glucose and insulin and correlation of SLC25A13 mutations with biochemical changes in NICCD patients
Authors: Lu Chun-Ting , Shi Qi-Ping , Li Ze-Jian , Li Jiong , Feng Lie 
Published: May 2017

Neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD) is a hereditary metabolic disease arising from biallelic mutations of SLC25A13. This study aimed to explore the characteristics of fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and C-peptide (C-P) levels in NICCD infants, analyze their SLC25A13 genetic mutations and further discuss the correlation between SLC25A13 genetic mutations and biochemical changes. Seventy-two cases of infants with cholestasis disease were gathered. Among them, 36 cases with NICCD diagnosis were case group. Meanwhile, 36 cases with unknown etiology but excluded NICCD were control group. FBG, FINS, C-P, ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and Non-HDL-C were collected from all subjects, and DNA was extracted from venous blood for SLC25A13 mutations detection. The incidence of hypoglycemia was 3% in NICCD group. There were no significant statistical difference of FBG, FINS and C-P between NICCD and INC groups ( P > 0.05). ALT, LDL-C and Non-HDL-C levels in NICCD group were lower than the INC group, while SLC25A13 mutations were associated with the level of GGT ( P < 0.05). Ten different SLC25A13 genetic mutations were detected, among which, 851del4, IVS16ins3kb, IVS6+5 G > A and 1638ins23 mutations made up 82% of all mutations. The incidence of hypoglycemia may be higher in small gestational age infants with NICCD. Low LDL-C may be one of the characteristics of dyslipidemia in NICCD infants. There was a correlation between SLC25A13 gene mutations distribution and the GGT level, but the meaning of this finding remains to be further in-depth study. Impact statement This study aims to compare FBG, FINS, C-P, other biochemical and clinical manifestations between NICCD and non-NICCD infants, and discuss differential diagnosis of NICCD and INC beyond the genetic analysis. And investigate the correlation between SLC25A13 genetic mutations and biochemical changes. This work presented that incidence of hypoglycemia may be higher in small gestational age infants with NICCD. Low LDL-C may be one of the characteristics of dyslipidemia in NICCD infants. There was a correlation between SLC25A13 gene mutations distribution and the GGT level.