bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ALMA Observations of Asymmetric Molecular Gas Emission from a Protoplanetary Disk in the Orion Nebula
Authors: Factor Samuel M. , Hughes A. M. , Flaherty Kevin M. , Mann Rita K. , Francesco James Di , Williams Jonathan P. , Ricci Luca , Matthews Brenda C. , Bally John , Johnstone Doug 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of molecular line emission from d216-0939, one of the largest and most massive protoplanetary disks in the Orion Nebula Cluster. We model the spectrally resolved HCO+ (4–3), CO (3–2), and HCN (4–3) lines observed at 0.″5 resolution to fit the temperature and density structure of the disk. We also weakly detect and spectrally resolve the CS (7–6) line but do not model it. The abundances we derive for CO and HCO+ are generally consistent with expected values from chemical modeling of protoplanetary disks, while the HCN abundance is higher than expected. We dynamically measure the mass of the central star to be

, which is inconsistent with the previously determined spectral type of K5. We also report the detection of a spatially unresolved high-velocity blueshifted excess emission feature with a measurable positional offset from the central star, consistent with a Keplerian orbit at 60 ± 20 au. Using the integrated flux of the feature in HCO+ (4–3), we estimate the total H2 gas mass of this feature to be at least

, depending on the assumed temperature. The feature is due to a local temperature and/or density enhancement consistent with either a hydrodynamic vortex or the expected signature of the envelope of a forming protoplanet within the disk.
The Correlation between Mixing Length and Metallicity on the Giant Branch: Implications for Ages in the Gaia Era
Authors: Tayar Jamie , Somers Garrett , Pinsonneault Marc H. , Stello Dennis , Mints Alexey , Johnson Jennifer A. , Zamora O. , García-Hernández D. A. , Maraston Claudia , Serenelli Aldo , Prieto Carlos Allende , Bastien Fabienne A. , Basu Sarbani , Bird J. C. , Cohen R. E. , Cunha Katia , Elsworth Yvonne , García Rafael A. , Girardi Leo , Hekker Saskia , Holtzman Jon , Huber Daniel , Mathur Savita , Mészáros Szabolcs , Mosser B. , Shetrone Matthew , Aguirre Victor Silva , Stassun Keivan , Stringfellow Guy S. , Zasowski Gail , Roman-Lopes A. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In the updated APOGEE-Kepler catalog, we have asteroseismic and spectroscopic data for over 3000 first ascent red giants. Given the size and accuracy of this sample, these data offer an unprecedented test of the accuracy of stellar models on the post-main-sequence. When we compare these data to theoretical predictions, we find a metallicity dependent temperature offset with a slope of around 100 K per dex in metallicity. We find that this effect is present in all model grids tested, and that theoretical uncertainties in the models, correlated spectroscopic errors, and shifts in the asteroseismic mass scale are insufficient to explain this effect. Stellar models can be brought into agreement with the data if a metallicity-dependent convective mixing length is used, with Δα
ML,YREC ∼ 0.2 per dex in metallicity, a trend inconsistent with the predictions of three-dimensional stellar convection simulations. If this effect is not taken into account, isochrone ages for red giants from the Gaia data will be off by as much as a factor of two even at modest deviations from solar metallicity ([Fe/H] = −0.5).
Mécanismes d’incitation et de garantie de la gouvernance territoriale dans l’industrie du champagne
Authors: Lanotte Hervé , Traversac Jean-Baptiste 
Published: April 2017

L’objet de cet article est d’apporter une contribution à l’éclairage des modalités concrètes de la Gouvernance Territoriale des systèmes productifs alimentaires. Plus précisément, nous nous attachons à approfondir les mécanismes institutionnels qui soutiennent les processus de coopération et de protection des actifs. Nous mobilisons à cette fin les apports de la littérature en Économie Institutionnelle sur la pluralité des mécanismes de garantie de la coopération, que nous intégrons dans une perspective historique permettant d’identifier les processus d’adaptation des accords aux évolutions des espaces qui les accueillent ( North , 1990 ; Greif , 2005). En les resituant dans des jeux d’acteurs tels que décrits par l’Économie Géographique Évolutionnaire ( Boschma et Frenken , 2011), nous mettons l’accent sur la dualité des mécanismes de garantie destinés à spécifier et à maintenir les accords pour interpréter la capacité des acteurs à agir sur leur développement ( Maze et Menard , 2010). Notre lecture de la Gouvernance Territoriale insiste sur le principe d’institutions destinées à atténuer l’incertitude en tant que premier pas du développement économique. Cette recherche s’appuie sur une réinterprétation des relations vignoble-négoce au sein d’un système territorial doté d’une gouvernance particulièrement élaborée, le Champagne.
Accès à la terre et reproduction de la profession agricole
Authors: Barral Stéphanie , Pinaud Samuel 
Published: April 2017

L’accès à la terre est une condition indispensable de l’installation en agriculture. L’article s’appuie sur une enquête menée dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais. Il décrit trois circuits d’échange organisés autour de la famille, de l’espace socioprofessionnel local ou de réseaux impersonnels. Il montre que les deux premiers sont dominants, ce qui constitue un frein pour l’accès à la profession pour les candidats non issus du milieu agricole, généralement porteur de pratiques agrobiologiques dites « alternatives ».
Abundance & distribution of trombiculid mites & Orientia tsutsugamushi, the vectors & pathogen of scrub typhus in rodents & shrews collected from Puducherry & Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Candasamy Sadanandane , Ayyanar Elango , Paily Kummankottil , Karthikeyan Patricia Anitha , Sundararajan Agatheswaran , Purushothaman Jambulingam 
Published: April 2017

Background & objectives:
Human cases of scrub typhus are reported every year from Puducherry and adjoining areas in southern India. However, information on the presence of causative agent, Orientia tsutsugamushi, and its vectors is lacking. Hence, the objective of the study was to find out the vector as well as pathogen distribution in rodents and shrews present in the scrub typhus-reported areas in southern India.

Methods:
Trombiculid mites were collected by combing rats and shrews collected using Sherman traps and identified to species level following standard taxonomical keys. The serum samples of the animals were used for Weil–Felix test and the clots containing blood cells were used for DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results:
A total of 181 animals comprising four rodent species and one shrew species were collected from 12 villages. High proportion of chiggers was collected from the shrew, Suncus murinus (79.1%) and Rattus rattus (47.6%). A total of 10,491 trombiculid mites belonging to nine species were collected. Leptotrombidium deliense, the known vector of scrub typhus pathogen, was the predominant species (71.0%) and the chigger (L. deliense) index was 41.1 per animal. Of the 50 animals screened for the pathogen, 28 showed agglutination against OX-K in Weil–Felix test indicating the presence of antibodies against O. tsutsugamushi, the causative agent of scrub typhus. PCR carried out with the DNA extracted from blood samples of two of the animals were positive for GroEl gene of O. tsutsugamushi.

Interpretation & conclusions:

L. deliense index was well above the critical limit of chigger load, indicating that all the villages were receptive for high risk of transmission of scrub typhus to human. Pathogen positivity was higher among animals collected from villages recorded for higher chigger indices due to active transmission between the chigger mites and reservoir host animals. The results are suggestive of routine vector/pathogen surveillance at hot spots to initiate timely preventive measures.
Immunogenicity & safety of a single dose of live-attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine SA 14-14-2 in adults
Authors: Khan Siraj Ahmed , Kakati Sanjeeb , Dutta Prafulla , Chowdhury Purvita , Borah Jani , Topno Rashmee , Jadhav Santoshkumar M. , Mohapatra Pradyumna K. , Mahanta Jagadish , Gupte Mohan D. 
Published: April 2017

Background & objectives:
Japanese encephalitis (JE) caused by mosquito-borne Flavivirus is one of the leading causes of viral encephalitis in Asia. Control strategies include vector control and human vaccination. Due to lack of immunization programmes in endemic regions, there are still high mortality and morbidity. A live-attenuated SA 14-14-2 JE vaccine (LAJEV) has been licensed and used in Asian countries, including India. We report the assessment of immunogenicity and safety of the vaccine in adults during the first mass adult vaccination campaign carried out in Assam, India.

Methods:
One thousand and seventy five adults (aged ≥15 yr) who received LAJEV were monitored for adverse events following immunization for one year. The safety assessment of vaccinated population was evaluated till 28 days and at 6 and 12 months. Blood samples collected from the enrolled participants were tested by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT50) to assess the neutralizing antibody titres (NATs) before vaccination and 28 days, six and 12 months post-vaccination (PV).

Results:
Among the 1075 vaccinated individuals, four reported minor adverse effects from 30 min to 28 days PV. Based on the pre-vaccination NAT, the study participants were categorized as seronegative, moderately seropositive and strongly seropositive. Nearly 85.5 per cent of JE seronegative participants seroconverted by 28 days PV. The geometric mean titre (GMT) in all the three groups increased by 28 days and decreased by six and 12 months PV. Nearly 60 per cent of the moderately positive individuals exhibited four-fold rise in GMT, 28 days PV. Almost 95.5 per cent of the participants in the study population remained seroprotected at the end of 12 months PV.

Interpretation & conclusions:
This study on immunogenicity and safety of LAJEV in adults showed that a single dose of the live-attenuated vaccine was safe and induced protective immunity to both JE seronegative and naturally seropositive adults. Further study is required to find out long term protective efficacy of this vaccine.
Efficacy of Interventions to Reduce Resident Physician Burnout: A Systematic Review
Authors: Busireddy Kiran R. , Miller Jonathan A. , Ellison Kathleen , Ren Vicky , Qayyum Rehan , Panda Mukta 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

Background
Studies report high burnout prevalence among resident physicians, with little consensus on methods to effectively reduce it.

Objective
This systematic literature review explores the efficacy of interventions in reducing resident burnout.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched using these key words: burnout and resident, intern, or residency. We excluded review articles, editorials, letters, and non–English-language articles. We abstracted data on study characteristics, population, interventions, and outcomes. When appropriate, data were pooled using random effects meta-analysis to account for between-study heterogeneity. Study quality was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (cohort studies) and Jadad scale (randomized control trials [RCTs]).

Results
Of 1294 retrieved articles, 19 (6 RCTs, 13 cohort studies) enrolling 2030 residents and examining 12 interventions met criteria, with 9 studying the 2003 and 2011 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) duty hour restrictions. Work hour reductions were associated with score decrease (mean difference, −2.73; 95% confidence interval (CI) −4.12 to −1.34; P &lt; .001) and lower odds ratio (OR) for residents reporting emotional exhaustion (42%; OR = 0.58; 95% CI 0.43–0.77; P &lt; .001); a small, significant decrease in depersonalization score (−1.73; 95% CI −3.00 to −0.46; P = .008); and no effect on mean personal accomplishment score (0.93; 95% CI −0.19–2.06; P = .10) or for residents with high levels of personal accomplishment (OR = 1.01; 95% CI 0.67–1.54; P = .95). Among interventions, self-care workshops showed decreases in depersonalization scores, and a meditation intervention reduced emotional exhaustion.

Conclusions
The ACGME work hour limits were associated with improvement in emotional exhaustion and burnout.
A Professionalism Curricular Model to Promote Transformative Learning Among Residents
Authors: Foshee Cecile M. , Mehdi Ali , Bierer S. Beth , Traboulsi Elias I. , Isaacson J. Harry , Spencer Abby , Calabrese Cassandra , Burkey Brian B. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

Background
Using the frameworks of transformational learning and situated learning theory, we developed a technology-enhanced professionalism curricular model to build a learning community aimed at promoting residents' self-reflection and self-awareness. The RAPR model had 4 components: (1) Recognize: elicit awareness; (2) Appreciate: question assumptions and take multiple perspectives; (3) Practice: try new/changed perspectives; and (4) Reflect: articulate implications of transformed views on future actions.

Objective
The authors explored the acceptability and practicality of the RAPR model in teaching professionalism in a residency setting, including how residents and faculty perceive the model, how well residents carry out the curricular activities, and whether these activities support transformational learning.

Methods
A convenience sample of 52 postgraduate years 1 through 3 internal medicine residents participated in the 10-hour curriculum over 4 weeks. A constructivist approach guided the thematic analysis of residents' written reflections, which were a required curricular task.

Results
A total of 94% (49 of 52) of residents participated in 2 implementation periods (January and March 2015). Findings suggested that RAPR has the potential to foster professionalism transformation in 3 domains: (1) attitudinal, with participants reporting they viewed professionalism in a more positive light and felt more empathetic toward patients; (2) behavioral, with residents indicating their ability to listen to patients increased; and (3) cognitive, with residents indicating the discussions improved their ability to reflect, and this helped them create meaning from experiences.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that RAPR offers an acceptable and practical strategy to teach professionalism to residents.
Selected quality traits of eggs and the productivity of newly created laying hen hybrids dedicated to an extensive rearing system
Authors: Batkowska Justyna , Brodacki Antoni 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of hybrids derived from Greenleg Partridge cocks and Rhode Island Red (GPR) hens for an extensive rearing system (RS), with special emphasis on high-quality table eggs. Newly created hybrids were compared to Hy-Line Brown (HLB) hens. The experiment was carried out with a total of 2400 hens. Both hybrid types (H's) were divided into two equal groups according to the rearing system: intensive (I) and extensive (E). The traits analysed in hens were body weight at the 8th, 16th, and 33rd weeks of age; laying production; and feed intake. At the 33rd week of a bird's age, egg quality was evaluated. The results of the study showed different reaction of the hybrids to the rearing system. This may confirm better usefulness of GPR for extensive farming and HLB hens for intensive methods of rearing. Furthermore, it can be concluded that the extensive system had a positive impact on the productivity of GPR birds.
Humor and the Nineteenth-Century Reformer
Authors: Prados-Torreira Teresa 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
This article examines how American humorists from the 1820s through the 1870s treated the Reformer, that most American figure whose commitment to improving society embodied the optimism characteristic of the mid-nineteenth century. The satirical treatment of Reformers, with its emphasis on their marginality, served as both a punishment for their transgression and a way to define acceptable social mores. The picture that emerges reveals the strengths of the American Reformer—lofty ideals and daring positions—but also weaknesses, namely their single-mindedness, and at times unrealistic goals. It also demonstrates the wit and talent of the humorists, while reflecting their tendency to play it safe. Humorists aligned themselves with the already familiar and characterized new ideas and political passion as threatening or just plain crazy. Nineteenth-century humor about the reform movement sheds light on the crucial political and cultural ideas that preoccupied society and with which it struggled.
Investigate the “Issues” in Chinese Students’ English Writing and Their “Reasons”: Revisiting the Recent Evidence in Chinese Academia
Authors: Sang Yuan 
Published: April 2017

This research synthesis collected, compiled, and analyzed 29 academic research articles that were published in China in recent years, addressing and exploring the issues in undergraduate English writing education in China and the possible reasons causing and/or explaining the issues. Five major findings were discovered and discussed. Suggestions were made to reinforce the understanding of Chinese students' English writing practices in China and in the United States.
Effect of a Pediatric Prescription Medication Discharge Program on Reducing Hospital Readmission Rates
Authors: Leathers Laura A. , Brittain Kristy L. , Crowley Kelly 
Published: April 2017

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the pediatric prescription medication discharge delivery and counseling program, implemented at an 186-bed children's hospital integrated within a larger academic medical center, and its effectiveness on reducing hospital readmissions.
METHODS This study was a retrospective chart review of existing data in the electronic medical record from patients &lt;21 years of age who were discharged from our institution between September 1, 2014, and November 30, 2014. Patients who participated in the pediatric discharge program were compared to non-participants. The primary objective was to determine if the patient was readmitted within 30 days. Secondary objectives included time until readmission, diagnosis at discharge, and hospital unit at discharge.
RESULTS In total, 1804 patients were assessed. After exclusions, 932 subjects were included in the analysis. In total, 393 (42.2%) patients participated in the pediatric medication discharge and counseling program, and 539 did not participate. Of the patients who participated in the program, 52 were readmitted within 30 days (13.2%), compared with 67 patients (12.4%) who did not participate in the discharge program, p = 0.717. Patients with the diagnoses of malignancy and kidney injury were more likely to be readmitted within this time frame, and those with the diagnoses of heart defects or cardiology disorders and malignancy were more likely to participate in the pediatric prescription medication discharge program.
CONCLUSION Participation in the pediatric discharge medication delivery and counseling program did not reduce hospital readmission rate within 30 days.
El patrimonio como contenido en la etapa de Primaria: del currículum a la formación de maestros
Authors: Fontal Merillas Olaia , Ibáñez-Etxebarría Alex , Martínez Rodríguez Marta , Rivero García Pilar 
Published: April 2017

<p>Si analizamos la presencia del patrimonio en la normativa educativa vigente encontramos que son numerosas las referencias al patrimonio en la etapa de Primaria, por lo que cabe preguntarse si la formación de maestros en España ofrece algún tipo de materia o contenido que garantice la impartición de esos contenidos curriculares en el aula de primaria. Para averiguarlo, proponemos un artículo en el que se analiza la correspondencia entre los contenidos curriculares relacionados con el patrimonio y su presencia en la formación de maestros en España. Los análisis nos permiten concluir que, salvo en los casos excepcionales analizados en los estudios de caso, se mantiene una gran distancia entre la presencia del patrimonio en el currículo escolar de la Educación Primaria y la presencia de contenidos relacionados con éste en los grados de maestro, lo cual es sin duda un punto de reflexión altamente significativo para la revisión de la formación del profesorado en España. </p>
« Le tahitien, c’est pour dire bonjour et au revoir » : paroles d’enfants sur une langue autochtone en sursis
Authors: Marie Salaün  , Jacques Vernaudon  , Mirose Paia  
Published: April 2017

Tahiti est l’île principale d’un archipel du Pacifique Sud, la Polynésie française, lié, sous des statuts divers depuis 1842, à une République française éloignée de 16 000 kilomètres. S’ils n’ont donc pas été minorisés démographiquement, ni spoliés de leurs terres, dans les proportions que l’on connaît ailleurs, en Amérique et dans le Pacifique, les Tahitiens (environ 80 % d’une population de l’île estimée à 183 000 habitants aujourd’hui) ont incontestablement été victimes d’une politique d’assimilation qui a connu une accélération au début des années 1960, avec la nouvelle vocation de ce territoire à devenir le lieu des essais nucléaires français. Exposés plus massivement aux institutions importées de Paris (justice et école), plus urbanisés et dépendants de l’emploi salarié, les Tahitiens ont eu tendance alors à projeter leurs enfants dans un avenir francophone au sein duquel les langues polynésiennes étaient d’autant moins transmises qu’elles apparaissaient comme préjudiciables à l’intégration sociale. De fait, la déperdition d’une génération à l’autre est patente : si 52 % des 75-79 ans déclarent une langue polynésienne comme étant la plus parlée en famille, ce n’est le cas que de 17 % des 15-19 ans en 2012.
En réaction à l’ambition souvent hégémonique de la langue et de la culture françaises, et pour préserver ce qui peut l’être de la langue et de la culture tahitiennes, une politique visant à promouvoir cette langue et cette culture à l’école a été mise en application depuis le début des années 1980.
Basée sur des enquêtes empiriques auprès des enseignants, des parents et des enfants eux-mêmes (notamment via le programme de recherche « École plurilingue outre-mer » de l’Agence nationale de la recherche française en 2008-2012 et le programme de recherche « Les langues entre l’école et la famille : représentations et pratiques linguistiques contemporaines des enfants de CM2 à Tahiti » du Ministère de la Culture français en 2013-2014), notre contribution interroge les enjeux de la complémentarité entre école et famille élargie dans la transmission linguistique et culturelle, avec une attention toute particulière pour les représentations enfantines des langues que parlent les enfants, des langues qu’ils entendent autour d’eux, et des langues qui seront les leurs plus tard.