bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Host-Adaptation of Burkholderia pseudomallei Alters Metabolism and Virulence: a Global Proteome Analysis
Authors: Mariappan Vanitha , Vellasamy Kumutha Malar , Vadivelu Jamuna 
Published: August 2017

AbstractLittle is known about the evolution, adaptation and pathogenesis of Burkholderia pseudomallei within host during acute melioidosis infection. Melioidosis is a potential life threatening disease contracted through inhalation, ingestion, inoculation or direct entry of the organism into the blood stream via wounds or skin abrasions from contaminated soil and water. Environmental B. pseudomallei strain (Bp
MARAN
), isolated during a melioidosis outbreak in Pahang, Malaysia was injected intra-peritoneally into a mouse and passaged strain was recovered from spleen (Bpmouse-adapted). A gel-based comparative proteomics profiling approach was used, to map and identify differentially expressed proteins (fold-change ≥ 2; p-value ≤ 0.05) between the strains. A total of 730 and 685 spots were visualised in the Bp
MARAN
and Bpmouse-adapted strains, respectively. Of the 730 spots (Bp
MARAN
as reference gel), 87 spots were differentially regulated (44 up- and 43 down-regulated). The identified proteins were classified as proteins related to metabolism, stress response, virulence, signal transduction, or adhesion. In comparison, it was found that those proteins related to adhesins, virulence factors and stress- response were up-regulated and could possibly explain the adaptation of the bacteria in the host. Investigating the differentially expressed proteins may provide better perspective of bacterial factors which aid survivability of B. pseudomallei in host.
Hippocampal sharp-wave ripples in awake mice are entrained by respiration
Authors: Liu Yu , McAfee Samuel S. , Heck Detlef H. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSeveral recent studies have shown that respiration modulates oscillatory neuronal activity in the neocortex and hippocampus on a cycle-by-cycle basis. It was suggested that this respiratory influence on neuronal activity affects cognitive functions, including memory. Sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) are high-frequency local field potential activity patterns characteristic for the hippocampus and implicated in memory consolidation and recall. Here we show that the timing of SWR events is modulated by the respiratory cycle, with a significantly increased probability of SWRs during the early expiration phase. This influence of respiration on SWR occurrence was eliminated when olfactory bulb activity was inhibited. Our findings represent a possible neuronal mechanism for a direct influence of the respiratory cycle on memory function.
Degradation of cofilin is regulated by Cbl, AIP4 and Syk resulting in increased migration of LMP2A positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
Authors: Gainullin Murat R. , Zhukov Ilya Yu , Zhou Xiaoying , Mo Yingxi , Astakhova Lidiia , Ernberg Ingemar , Matskova Liudmila 
Published: August 2017

AbstractExpression of cofilin is directly associated with metastatic activity in many tumors. Here, we studied the role of Latent Membrane Protein 2 A (LMP2A) of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in the accumulation of cofilin observed in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) tumor cells. We used LMP2A transformed NPC cell lines to analyze cofilin expression. We used mutation analysis, ectopic expression and down-regulation of Cbl, AIP4 and Syk in these cell lines to determine the effect of the LMP2A viral protein on cofilin degradation and its role in the assembly of a cofilin degrading protein complex. The LMP2A of EBV was found to interfer with cofilin degradation in NPC cells by accelerating the proteasomal degradation of Cbl and Syk. In line with this, we found significantly higher cofilin expression in NPC tumor samples as compared to the surrounding epithelial tissues. Cofilin, as an actin severing protein, influences cellular plasticity, and facilitates cellular movement in response to oncogenic stimuli. Thus, under relaxed cellular control, cofilin facilitates tumor cell movement and dissemination. Interference with its degradation may enhance the metastatic potential of NPC cells.
Optical bistability via an external control field in all-fiber ring cavity
Authors: Li Shili , Ge Qiang , Wang Zhiping , Martín Juan Carlos , Yu Benli 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe demonstrate a new scheme for realizing the Optical Bistability (OB) inside an all-fiber ring cavity with an external control field. In the absence of the external control field, the pump power is fixed below the threshold value of laser, and there is no laser in the cavity. However, when the control signal of 1505 nm to 1520 nm is injected into the cavity, laser begins to oscillate and OB appears. We found that the wavelength and power of the control signal can affect the OB behavior dramatically, which can be used to manipulate efficiently the threshold intensity and the hysteresis loop. We also give an explanation of the bistability phenomenon based on numerical simulations, which are agreed very well with our experimental results. Our scheme may provide some new possibilities for technological applications in optical power limiters, switches or memories.
Genome-wide expression datasets of anti-VEGF and dexamethasone treatment of angiogenesis in the rat cornea
Authors: Mukwaya Anthony , Mirabelli Pierfrancesco , Lennikov Anton , Xeroudaki Maria , Schaupper Mira , Peebo Beatrice , Lagali Neil 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTherapeutics against pathologic new blood vessel growth, particularly those targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are of enormous clinical interest. In the eye, where anti-VEGF agents are in widespread clinical use for treating retinal and corneal blindness, only partial or transient efficacy and resistance to anti-VEGF agents are among the major drawbacks. Conversely, corticosteroids have long been used in ophthalmology for their potency in suppressing inflammation and angiogenesis, but their broad biological activity can give rise to side effects such as glaucoma and cataract. To aid in the search for more targeted and effective anti-angiogenic therapies in the eye, we present here a dataset comparing gene expression changes in dexamethasone versus anti-Vegfa treatment of inflammation leading to angiogenesis in the rat cornea. Global gene expression analysis with GeneChip Rat 230 2.0 microarrays was conducted and the metadata submitted to Expression Omnibus repository. Here, we present a high-quality validated dataset enabling genome-wide comparison of genes differentially targeted by dexamethasone and anti-Vegf treatments, to identify potential alternative therapeutic targets for evaluation.
Tricuspid Valve Repair after Previous Mitral Valve Surgery
Authors: Misfeld Martin , Haensig Martin , Davierwala Piroze , Mohr Friedrich , Pfannmueller Bettina 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTricuspid valve (TV) regurgitation in patients after previous mitral valve surgery is usually a secondary failure and conditioned by a long-lasting left-sided valve failure. TV surgery in these patients represents a high-risk procedure regarding the operative strategy and perioperative management. This article will discuss the indication for TV surgery in patients with secondary TV regurgitation and previous mitral valve surgery, the choice of surgical access, as well as TV repair techniques and their postoperative results.
Intersektorale Konzepte zur außerklinischen Beatmung
Authors: Nafe Miranda , Herberger Kristian , Wiesner Barbara , Grohé Christian 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe care of patients with extraclinical mechanical ventilation has to be improved particularly with regard to their specialist care. One care option is the empowering of clinicians at the respiratory centers to enable ambulant care of patients and home visits. An intersectoral linkage in the form of transfer management is the basis for competent coordination. Aim is to ensure the necessary multidisciplinary collaboration in the outpatient care of multimorbid chronically ill patients. For the optimal care of chronically ill patients, sectoral limits should become more permeable.
Pflegepraktikum Innere Medizin: Evaluation und Einflüsse auf die Einstellung zum Fach
Authors: Wirkner Janine , Stracke Sylvia , Lange Anja , Dabers Thomas , Merk Harry , Kasch Richard 
Published: August 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Im Rahmen des Medizinstudiums ist in Deutschland ein dreimonatiges Pflegepraktikum vorgeschrieben. Obwohl kontrovers diskutiert, fehlen bundesweite Daten zur studentischen Evaluation.
Fragestellung Hier wurde erstmals untersucht, wie Medizinstudierende das Pflegepraktikum auf einer Station der Inneren Medizin (IM) beurteilen. Zusätzlich stellte sich die Frage, inwiefern die frühzeitigen Erfahrungen im Pflegepraktikum bereits die studentische Einstellung zum Fachgebiet beeinflussen.
Material und Methoden In einer bundesweiten Online-Umfrage bewerteten 767 Studierende (mittleres Alter 22,8 Jahre; 58 % weiblich) ihr Pflegepraktikum auf einer Station der IM in Bezug auf Integration ins Team, Lehrende, die Struktur und Qualität der Lehre und Zufriedenheit. Anhand der Frage, ob sich Studierende infolge des Pflegepraktikums auch eine Famulatur in der IM vorstellen können, wurden multivariate Gruppenvergleiche durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse 71 % der Studierenden fühlten sich gut ins Team integriert, am meisten wurde vom Pflegepersonal gelernt, wobei die Mehrheit angab, pflegerische Kompetenzen erworben zu haben. Nur 19 % bewerteten Aufbau und Struktur des Praktikums als gut, 40 % gaben an, die Lernziele erreicht zu haben. Studierende, die sich eine Famulatur in der IM vorstellen können (52 %), gaben in allen Bereichen die besten Bewertungen ab.
Schlussfolgerungen Ein erfolgreiches Pflegepraktikum kann das Interesse für Innere Medizin fördern. Es besteht jedoch ein deutlicher struktureller und inhaltlicher Verbesserungsbedarf einschließlich einer bislang nicht vorliegenden, klaren Formulierung von Lernzielen für diese erste praktische Erfahrung im Medizinstudium.
Chronische Hufrehe bei Pferden
Authors: Torp Christian 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungBei der chronischen oder rezidivierenden Hufrehe von Pferden und Ponys handelt es sich fast immer um eine Trauerproblematik. Schulmedizinisch orientierte Kollegen sollten in diesen Fällen versierte Kollegen der Homöopathie oder der Akupunktur zu Rate ziehen. Homöopathen und Akupunkteuren mag dieser Beitrag dazu dienen, vermehrt auf die psychischen Faktoren bei chronischen Krankheiten, in diesem Beitrag speziell die Komponente „Trauer“ bei dem Krankheitsbild Hufrehe, zu achten.
Vergleich von Diskriminanzanalyse und Entscheidungsbäumen zur Erkennung des frühen Keratokonus
Authors: Kleinhans Sonja , Herrmann Eva , Kohnen Thomas , Bühren Jens 
Published: August 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Eine der gefürchtetsten Komplikationen von refraktiv-chirurgischen Eingriffen ist die iatrogene Keratektasie. Eine iatrogene Keratektasie entsteht in den meisten Fällen nach Eingriffen bei Augen mit frühen Keratokonusformen, die wenige oder keine klinischen Zeichen aufweisen (subklinischer Keratokonus). Leider gibt es bis heute noch kein hinreichend sicheres diagnostisches Verfahren zur Früherkennung eines subklinischen Keratokonus. In dieser Studie werden binäre Entscheidungsbäume (rekursive Partitionierungsalgorithmen) angewendet und auf die Eignung der Unterscheidung normaler Augen von Augen mit subklinischem Keratokonus überprüft.
Patienten und Methode Die Methodik der Entscheidungsbäume wurde mit dem Verfahren der Diskriminanzanalyse verglichen, das in früheren Studien gute Ergebnisse zeigte. Die Eingangsdaten basierten auf 32 Augen von 32 Patienten mit einer Erstdiagnose „Keratokonus“ auf dem Partnerauge und den präoperativen Daten von 10 Augen von 5 Patienten mit Keratektasie nach Laser-in-situ-Keratomileusis (LASIK). Als Kontrollgruppe dienten 245 normale Augen mit Z. n. LASIK und unauffälligen Nachkontrollen innerhalb von 12 Monaten.
Ergebnisse Die korrekte Klassifikationsrate und die Spezifität konnten durch Entscheidungsbäume im Vergleich zur Diskriminanzanalyse leicht gesteigert werden. Die Sensitivität war jedoch deutlich geringer.
Schlussfolgerungen Im vorliegenden Patientenkollektiv erwiesen sich Entscheidungsbäume nicht als vorteilhaft gegenüber der linearen Diskriminanzanalyse zur Erkennung des subklinischen Keratokonus.
The true-weird and the dreadful “large”: post millennium American horror literature
Authors: Ray Dibyakusum 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDebate is rife on the knowability of “true” horror, especially that which is stemmed into the “beyond”, “vast” or “sublime”. European Enlightenment purports that even the overwhelming Nature can be ultimately recuperated by supersensible reason. It may be the unknown, but knowing that it is so, is a “gift”. You know to die, because you exist and reflect on your transience. The basic idea of the “beyond” always imagined a central role of the sentient “man”— he saw the world, and it has its meaning. We are safe or have an illusion of safety within what we know (even at the moment of peril in genre horror, we are assured that we know the nature of evil). A school of post millennial horror-thought, however, considers H.P. Lovecraft as a formidable dissent to this vein as he opines that the Nature does not care to be known/understood. The present study is on the “world-without-us” in the modern “true-weird” literature—especially in its post-millennial revival. Although Lovecraft has a considerable scholastic heritage, the revival of his peculiar nihilism in modern American horror is largely unexplored. “World-without-us” speaks of “the negative without any positive”—the “true” supernatural is manifested through the cold, relentless and utterly non-caring machinations of the “Large”. The literature axial to the Large is the “true-weird”—says Lovecraft, dealing with a “defeat” of human rationality against the assaults of chaos. Likewise, the resurgence of the uncaring “Large” in literature has an important commentary on the modern society, philosophy and the critical approach to both. The recent trend consisting of Michael Wehunt, Brian Evenson, John Langan, Laird Barron or to a certain extent, Thomas Ligotti treats the eldritch (emerging from the recesses of an uncaring nature) as what Levinas might call the “absolutely other”—never (in)human, not even belligerent: but distant, hibernal and immersive. An invasive entity beyond negotiation that signals the failure of the language of rationality, thus, finds an appropriation in the post 9/11 American Horror. Therefore, is the knowledge of the Large “never one, nor homogeneous, nor totalizable, but… catastrophic”? Is the Large=Nature=Indifferent? Is Nature the “true-weird”? Is the “true weird” viable—thematically or linguistically? Is a total disregard for semantics possible at all? This article aims to open an argument over the “Nature” and the “Being” in the context of American horror literature, and how it transmutes the genre expectations of the canon.
Elucidating crosstalk mechanisms between phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation
Authors: Leney Aneika C. , El Atmioui Dris , Wu Wei , Ovaa Huib , Heck Albert J. R. 
Published: August 2017

Significance
Nearly all proteins are posttranslationally modified, a phenomenon known to alter protein function. Recently, multiple posttranslational modifications (PTMs) have been documented to exist on the same proteins, revealing an additional level of complexity (named “PTM crosstalk”) that, due to its dynamic nature, is challenging to predict. Here, we propose a motif for PTM crosstalk between two of the most common PTMs: phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation. Through the use of a kinetic-based high-resolution mass spectrometry assay, we highlight specific residues that, when phosphorylated, hamper O-GlcNAcylation at nearby sites. In addition, we show that the Ser/Thr residues in one of the most common kinase motifs, PX(S/T)P, cannot be O-GlcNAcylated, demonstrating that reciprocal PTM crosstalk does not occur with Pro-directed kinases.
Superior colliculus encodes visual saliency before the primary visual cortex
Authors: White Brian J. , Kan Janis Y. , Levy Ron , Itti Laurent , Munoz Douglas P. 
Published: August 2017

Significance
Theories of visual attention postulate the existence of a saliency map that guides attention/gaze toward the most visually conspicuous stimuli in complex scenes. This study compared saliency coding in the two dominant visual gateways: the primary visual cortex (V1) and the evolutionarily older visual system that exists in the midbrain superior colliculus. Our results show that neurons in the superficial visual layers of the superior colliculus (SCs) encoded saliency earlier and more robustly than V1 neurons. This was surprising, because the dominant input to the SCs arises from V1. This result is in line with models that place a feature processing stage (V1) before the feature-agnostic saliency map in SCs.
Impact of catch shares on diversification of fishers’ income and risk
Authors: Holland Daniel S. , Speir Cameron , Agar Juan , Crosson Scott , DePiper Geret , Kasperski Stephen , Kitts Andrew W. , Perruso Larry 
Published: August 2017

Significance
Catch share programs, which allocate a share of a fishery’s annual catch to fishers, are an increasingly popular management approach in the United States and around the world. While catch shares have been shown to increase efficiency, they may reduce diversification of individual fishers, which could increase income variation and financial risk. Shifts in the productivity and distribution of fisheries resulting from climate change may increase the importance of diversification. Our evaluation of 13 US fisheries is a large-scale study to evaluate whether catch shares do in fact lead to reduced diversification. We find that diversification was generally reduced after implementation of catch shares; however, in most cases, we found no significant change in income variation.
Adaptive benefit of cross-modal plasticity following cochlear implantation in deaf adults
Authors: Anderson Carly A. , Wiggins Ian M. , Kitterick Pádraig T. , Hartley Douglas E. H. 
Published: August 2017

Significance
Following sensory deprivation, the sensory brain regions can become colonized by the other intact sensory modalities. In deaf individuals, evidence suggests that visual language recruits auditory brain regions and may limit hearing restoration with a cochlear implant. This suggestion underpins current rehabilitative recommendations that deaf individuals undergoing cochlear implantation should avoid using visual language. However, here we show the opposite: Recruitment of auditory brain regions by visual speech after implantation is associated with better speech understanding with a cochlear implant. This suggests adaptive benefits of visual communication because visual speech may serve to optimize, rather than hinder, restoration of hearing following implantation. These findings have implications for both neuroscientific theory and the clinical rehabilitation of cochlear implant patients worldwide.
A p53-dependent response limits the viability of mammalian haploid cells
Authors: Olbrich Teresa , Mayor-Ruiz Cristina , Vega-Sendino Maria , Gomez Carmen , Ortega Sagrario , Ruiz Sergio , Fernandez-Capetillo Oscar 
Published: August 2017

Significance
Haploidy is a critical advantage for studies on gene function, because only one allele needs to be mutated to yield a phenotype. That is why yeast has led genetic screenings in recent decades. All mammalian cells except germ cells contain two or more sets of chromosomes. Recently, several mammalian haploid cell lines have been obtained; however, the haploid state is unstable, and cultures become progressively enriched in diploid cells. Here we reveal that chromosome segregation takes longer in mammalian haploid cells than in their diploid counterparts, and is followed by an increase in spontaneous cell death. By deleting p53, we can rescue the viability of haploid cells and thereby stabilize the haploid state in mammalian somatic cells.
Prefrontal cortex modulates posterior alpha oscillations during top-down guided visual perception
Authors: Helfrich Randolph F. , Huang Melody , Wilson Guy , Knight Robert T. 
Published: August 2017

Significance
Neural oscillations have been shown to support a range of cognitive abilities. Here we demonstrate that delta activity (2–4 Hz) in the prefrontal cortex tracked the current task context and modulated sensory processing in a top-down manner. We show that frontal delta and parietooccipital alpha (8–12 Hz) oscillations are functionally coupled and jointly guide visual perception to integrate sensory evidence with current task demands. We observed strong moment-to-moment behavioral fluctuations, which cycled at the rate of the endogenous prefrontal oscillatory brain activity. Our findings suggest that neuronal oscillations provide the functional basis for context-dependent visual perception.
Role of co-occurring competition and facilitation in plant spacing hydrodynamics in water-limited environments
Authors: Trautz Andrew C. , Illangasekare Tissa H. , Rodriguez-Iturbe Ignacio 
Published: August 2017

SignificancePlant communities exist in a continual state of transition as the spacing between individuals in each successive generation changes in response to environmental conditions. We developed a conceptual model based on quantitative experimental data and established ecological theories to provide insight into plant performance and community spatial pattern development from a hydrodynamic perspective. We demonstrate that the roles of co-occurring competition for soil water and facilitation of abiotic stresses (i.e., microclimatic) vary with spacing distance between individual plants, impacting soil moisture patterns and local water availability. Our conceptual model can provide insight into the design of future field and modeling efforts focused on pertinent climatological and ecohydrological problems related to land–atmosphere fluxes, agricultural best practices, and ecosystem productivity and recovery.
Immunogenicity and structures of a rationally designed prefusion MERS-CoV spike antigen
Authors: Pallesen Jesper , Wang Nianshuang , Corbett Kizzmekia S. , Wrapp Daniel , Kirchdoerfer Robert N. , Turner Hannah L. , Cottrell Christopher A. , Becker Michelle M. , Wang Lingshu , Shi Wei , Kong Wing-Pui , Andres Erica L. , Kettenbach Arminja N. , Denison Mark R. , Chappell James D. , Graham Barney S. , Ward Andrew B. , McLellan Jason S. 
Published: August 2017

Significance
Coronaviruses such as Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) cause severe respiratory distress with high fatality rates. The spike (S) glycoprotein is a determinant of host range and is the target of neutralizing antibodies and subunit vaccine development. We describe an engineering strategy for stabilization of soluble S proteins in the prefusion conformation, which results in greatly increased expression, conformational homogeneity, and elicitation of potent antibody responses. Cryo-EM structures of the stabilized MERS-CoV S protein in complex with a stem-directed neutralizing antibody provide a molecular basis for host-cell protease requirements and identify a site of immune pressure. We also defined four conformational states of the trimer wherein each receptor-binding domain is either packed together at the membrane-distal apex or rotated into a receptor-accessible conformation.