bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative microbial risk assessment to estimate the health risk from exposure to noroviruses in polluted surface water in South Africa
Authors: Van Abel Nicole , Mans Janet , Taylor Maureen B. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This study assessed the risks posed by noroviruses (NoVs) in surface water used for drinking, domestic, and recreational purposes in South Africa (SA), using a quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) methodology that took a probabilistic approach coupling an exposure assessment with four dose-response models to account for uncertainty. Water samples from three rivers were found to be contaminated with NoV GI (80–1,900 gc/L) and GII (420–9,760 gc/L) leading to risk estimates that were lower for GI than GII. The volume of water consumed and the probabilities of infection were lower for domestic (2.91 × 10−8 to 5.19 × 10−1) than drinking water exposures (1.04 × 10−5 to 7.24 × 10−1). The annual probabilities of illness varied depending on the type of recreational water exposure with boating (3.91 × 10−6 to 5.43 × 10−1) and swimming (6.20 × 10−6 to 6.42 × 10−1) being slightly greater than playing next to/in the river (5.30 × 10−7 to 5.48 × 10−1). The QMRA was sensitive to the choice of dose-response model. The risk of NoV infection or illness from contaminated surface water is extremely high in SA, especially for lower socioeconomic individuals, but is similar to reported risks from limited international studies.
Removing 2,4-dichlorophenol from aqueous environments by heterogeneous catalytic ozonation using synthesized MgO nanoparticles
Authors: Mohammadi Leili , Bazrafshan Edris , Noroozifar Meissam , Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza , Barahuie Farahnaz , Balarak Davoud 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) is one of the seriously toxic chlorophenol compounds found in agricultural environments, in water disinfected by chlorine, and in outgoing effluents from the pulp and paper industries and paper manufacturing factories. This research studied the feasibility of using MgO nanoparticles (MgO-NPs) as a catalyst in the ozonation process for removing 2,4-DCP from aqueous environments under laboratory conditions. This study was conducted using a laboratory-scale semi-continuous reactor. It studied the effects of critical variables such as solution pH, ozonation time, dose of MgO-NPs and initial 2,4-DCP concentration. A statistical model of response surface model (RSM) was designed and utilized to obtain the optimum experimental conditions. Analysis of the data showed that initial concentration of 2,4-DCP and dose of MgO-NPs had the maximum effect on the response variable (percentage degradation of 2,4-DCP). Moreover, based on analysis of variance on the model, the optimum removal conditions were reaction time of 50 min, pH &gt; 7, initial 2,4-DCP concentration of less than 50 mg/L, and an MgO-NPs dose of 0.3 mg/L. Under these optimum conditions, a removal efficiency of 99.99% was achieved. In addition, results indicated that catalytic ozonation in the presence of MgO-NPs was very efficient at removing 2,4-DCP from aqueous environments.
Impact on nitrifiers of full-scale bioaugmentation
Authors: Stenström F. , la Cour Jansen J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractNitrifiers are the slowest growing bacteria used in conventional biological wastewater treatment. Furthermore, their growth rate is seriously hampered by low temperature. As a result, the volume needed for nitrification dominates the volume of the biological reactors at a wastewater treatment plant. As a way of enhancing nitrification and reducing this volume, bioaugmentation can be used. Nitrifiers from a side-stream plant can be inoculated to the mainstream process, which is thereby boosted. The effect of bioaugmentation can be measured in different ways. This full-scale study focuses on the effect of bioaugmentation from a microbial point of view by using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The study reveals how bioaugmentation increases the diversity of nitrifiers in the mainstream process and in the side-stream plant; that the abundance of nitrifiers is increased in the mainstream process; the interaction between nitrifiers from the side-stream plant and mainstream process; and the effect of bioaugmentation on nitrifying genera and species over time. To our knowledge, this detailed microbial information on nitrifying species during a full-scale bioaugmentation study has not been presented before.
BELL’S PALSY AMONG INFANTS - OUR EXPERIENCES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF EASTERN INDIA
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar , Behera Ishwar Chandra , Sahu Mahesh Chandra 
Published: September 2017

Objectiv:The most common etiology of unilateral facial palsy is Bell’s palsy, also called as idiopathic facial palsy. Bell’s palsy in infant is rare and an uncommon clinical entity and often taken as pediatric emergency by parents. Paralysis of facial nerve has a tremendous impact on patient as well as parents particularly when a pediatric patient is affected. It is regarded as a diagnosis of exclusion. Bell’s palsy in infants is rare than adults and diagnosis is made on the basis of exclusion.Aim and Objectives:Clinical diagnosis and management of Bell’s palsy among infants from a tertiary care hospital of eastern India.Material and Methods:In this prospective study, we have documented detail clinical manifestation and management of infants of Bell’s palsy from the pediatric age group. When an infant presents with facial nerve paralysis, a full clinical history and detailed examination were recommended for accurate diagnosis. Simultaneously, the parents were reassured and the prognosis was explained to the parents. Oral steroids along with physiotherapy were started in the outdoor basis.Results:We diagnosed six infants of Bell’s palsy in age group of 5 months to 12 months. Among them 4 females and rest 3 were male. These Infants showed improvement with complete recovery in 83% cases within 3 weeks whereas partial recovery was seen in rest.Conclusion:In this study, we find out that, oral steroids along with physiotherapy and eye care are effective for Bell’s palsy in infants.Keywords:Bell’s palsy, infant, facial nerve, oral steroid.
The Value of Confession: Admitting Mistakes to Build Reputation
Authors: Corona Carlos , Randhawa Ramandeep S. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
Often, firms reveal oversights and bad decisions publicly through their financial reporting (for instance, restating earnings, impairing goodwill, etc.). These “confessions,” which usually lead to immediate reputation losses, may be attributed to attempts to be perceived as transparent or to attempts to avoid likely litigation costs. In this paper, however, we argue that reputational concerns about perceived ability alone can provide firms with strong enough incentives to confess their mistakes, even in the absence of other non-reputational disciplinary mechanisms. Analyzing the repeated interaction between a firm and an external evaluator who may detect the firm's mistakes, we show that, in equilibrium, a confession places the firm under higher future scrutiny, which is more costly for lower-quality firms. Consequently, in equilibrium, higher-quality firms confess mistakes more often.
(Revista de revistas) Revista Hispánica Moderna: tomo 18 (1952), tomo 19 (1953), tomo 20 (1954).
Authors: Speratti-Piñero Emma Susana 
Published: September 2017

Se reseñó: Revista Hispánica Moderna: tomo 18 (1952), tomo 19 (1953), tomo 20 (1954).
Studies in Philology: tomo 45 (1948), tomo 46 (1949), tomo 47 (1950), tomo 48 (1951), tomo 49 (1952).
Authors: Alatorre Antonio 
Published: September 2017

Se reseñó: Studies in Philology: tomo 45 (1948), tomo 46 (1949), tomo 47 (1950), tomo 48 (1951), tomo 49 (1952).
Archiv für das Studium der neueren Sprachen: tomo 187 (1950), tomo 189 (1952), tomo 190 (1953), tomo 191 (1954).
Authors: Frenk Margit 
Published: September 2017

Se reseñó: Archiv für das Studium der neueren Sprachen: tomo 187 (1950), tomo 189 (1952), tomo 190 (1953), tomo 191 (1954).
К истории происхождения тувинской родоплеменной группы тюлюш (түлүш): датировка енисейской рунической надписи Ээрбек I (Е 147)
Authors: Tishin Vladimir V. 
Published: September 2017

В статье обращается внимание на употребление в памятниках древнетюркской рунической письменности енисейского бассейна термина töläs ~ töläś, который рядом исследователей трактуется как этноним. Привлекая в качестве дополнительных источников данные археологии и лингвистики, а также сведения китайских и мусульманских авторов, автор приходит к выводу, что в енисейских рунических памятниках этим словом обозначалась административно-территориальная единица, располагавшаяся на территории центральных и южных районов Тувы. Ее появление восходит к периоду господства в регионе енисейских кыркызов, а употребление слова в этом значении сохраняется, судя по данным источников, в период, по крайней мере, середины IX — X вв.Расположение этой единицы в целом совпадает с ареалом расселения родоплеменной группы тувинцев түлүш (тулуш). Название последней, как показывает сопоставление имени меморианта рунической надписи Ээрбек I (Е 147) с данными китайских источников о событиях середины IX в., сохранило в целом исходное диалектное звучание. Поэтому есть основания считать, что именно эта территория, прежде всего, на левом берегу р. Улуг-Хем между реками Торгалык и Элегест, а также земли правобережья от р. Демир-Суг до Бий-Хема, стала центром формирования этнической основы родоплеменных групп, сохранивших название материнской общности и в последствии известных в составе ряда тюркских народов (түлүш — у тувинцев, тööлöс — у южных алтайцев, тɵɵлɵс / дɵɵлɵс — у тяньшаньских кыргызов).Вероятно, определенные коррективы в высказанное предположение могут быть внесены после комплексного изучения памятников древнетюркской письменности бассейна р. Енисей.
Хакасы в условиях глобализации: ментальные деформации
Authors: Anzhiganova Larisa V. , Topoeva Marika V. 
Published: September 2017

В статье анализируются деформации, произошедшие в менталитете хакасов, тюркоязычного этноса Южной Сибири. Авторами менталитет понимается как обладающий внутренним единством способ бытия народа в мире для сохранения этноса как целостности через организацию знаний в этническую картину мира; через создание устойчивой иерархии этнически оформленных потребностей, интересов и ценностей; через формирование системы авто- и гетеростереотипов; через устойчивые формы поведения в различных ситуациях. В результате действия внешних и внутренних факторов менталитет, исторически устойчивый феномен, может подвергаться деформациям. Последние нами понимаются как изменение базовых элементов менталитета (потребности, интересы, ценности), приводящие к обратимым или необратимым для народа изменениям.Для фиксации ментальных деформаций у хакасов в статье осуществлено сравнение традиционных этнических ценностей и современных, осуществленных, в первом случае в середине 1990-х на основе междисциплинарного исследования традиционного мировоззрения этноса, во втором — как результат социологического опроса 2015 г.Анализ показал, что иерархия базовых традиционных ценностей «родная земля», «хакасский народ», «семья» остается таковой для этнических акторов как ресурс сохранения и развития народа и в условиях глобализации. Однако социологическое исследование зафиксировало изменение конфигурации системы ценностей в целом среди хакасского народа. На первое место выходит ценность «семья», что отражает действие общеисторической закономерности: этнос, находящийся в состоянии кризиса, возвращает базовые, проверенные временем, социальные институты (семья, род). Последние призваны сохранить этнос как биопсихосоциальную общность.
Pengaruh Jenis dan Tingkat Kerapatan Gulma Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum Bicolor L.)
Authors: Anggeraini Dita , Sembodo Dad R.J. , Sunyoto Sunyoto 
Published: September 2017

Sorghum is one of serealia plants that have a big potential to be developed. Sorghum is beneficial as a source of food, animal feed, as well as various industrial raw materials. Sorghum is potential to be developed with the application of proper cultivation, one of them is optimal maintenance. The lack of maintenance cause low production. One of maintenance is weed control. Weeds can create a competition with cultivation plants to fight means growing. Type and weed density are influence growth a development of sorghum. The purpose of this research is to know: (1) The influence of type of weeds to growth and production of sorghum plants, (2) The influence of weeds density to growth and production of sorghum plant, and (3) There is interaction between type and weeds density when influence the growth of weeds, also growth and production of sorghum plants. This research is done in South Lampung and weeds laboratory University of Lampung on December 2014 - April 2015. Treatments arranged in a factorial strip plot design with three replications. The first factor is three types of weeds, that are Asystasia gangetica, Cyperus rotundus, and Rottboelia exaltata. The second factor is density 0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 weeds/m2. If assumption are met, the data is analyzed by using variance analysis and followed by a least significant difference (LSD) 5%. The result shows: (1) The type of weeds influence growth and yield component of plant height and steam diameter 3 WAP, fresh weight and dry stover, also weight of 100 grains on water content) WC14%, (2) The density of 80 weeds/m2 influence the height a plant 3 and 9 WAP, number of leaves 6 MST, steam diameter 3, 6, and 9 WAP, weight of fresh stover plant, weight of 100 grains on water content 14%, weight of sorghum seed, and (3) There is no interaction between the type and weeds density when influence growth and sorghum production, but there is interaction when influence the growth of weeds. Keyword: sorghum, weeds, competition
Korelasi dan Analisis Lintas Karakter Agronomi Kedelai (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) Keturunan Persilangan Wilis X MLG 2521
Authors: Sa’diyah Nyimas , Siagian Christian Raymond , Barmawi Maimun 
Published: September 2017

Soybean is one of the crops that produce seeds with high protein content, as well as used by the inhabitants of Indonesia. Domestic soybean production can not meet the needs of the national soybean thus needs to be improved, one through breeding varieties with superior. One important step in plant breeding is the selection. To save time and costs of selection, it is necessary to determine the estimated correlation between characters and to determine the causal relationship between characters used path analysis. Through path analysis can be seen directly and indirectly influence between variables forecaster with the response variable. The purpose of this study to obtain information (1) correlation between characters agronomic towards production. (2) direct and indirect effects of agronomic between characters towards production. The research was conducted from October 2013 until January 2014 in the integrated field laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung and observations made in Laboratory of Seed and Plant Breeding, University of Lampung. Soybean seeds used were F5 generation zuriat from Wilis x Mlg 2521, Willis and Mlg 2521. The treatment laid out in a randomized block design, 2 replications. The results showed that there was a positive phenotype correlation between character of days to flowering, plant height, number of branches, number of pods, weight of 100 grains with grain weight per plant and there was no correlation between day to harvesting with the seed weight per plant. Direct selection of the most effective was through the number of pods because number of pods have a direct effect almost equivalent to the correlation. The relationship between the number of pods and weight of seeds per plant explained a real relationship. Keywords: correlation, path analysis, selection, soybean
Potential of Pineapple Madu Shell (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) As Anti-Browning Agent in Apples Manalagi (Malus sylvestris Mill)
Authors: Anggita Rizka Devi , Zulkifli Zulkifli , Lande Martha L 
Published: September 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of water extract of pineapple shell in the process of browning apple manalagi (Malus sylvestris Mill). The research was conducted from October to November 2016 in the Laboratory of Plant Physiology Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung. As variables were browning index, total soluble carbohydrate content, dehydrogenase enzyme activity, and reducing sugar levels, while the parameter is the mean of all variables. The experiment was conducted in completely randomizes design. The main factor was the water extract of the pineapple shell with 5 concentration levels: 0% v / v, 25% v / v, 50% v / v, 75% v / v, 100% v / v. Levene test, analysis of variance and LSD test was carried out at 5% significance level. The results showed that the water extract pineapple shell was significantly lower the browning index of apples manalagi, and the relationship between the concentration and browning index is quadratic (y = 9E-05x2 - 0.013x + 1.018 R² = 0665). Extract of pineapple shell did not significantly affect total soluble carbohydrate content of apples manalagi but a downward trend in total soluble carbohydrate content with increasing concentrations of the extract (y = -0.049x + 29.66 R² = 0.923). The relationship between the concentration of water extract pineapple shell with dehydrogenase enzyme activity was negative linear (y = -0.082x + 12.04 R² = 0.969). Reducing sugar levels increase at the concentration of 50% v/v,75% v/v, and 100% v/v. The final conclusion was that the water extract of pineapple shell was potential as anti-browning agent for apples manalagi because it was able to reduce browning index 51.89%, and influence other physiological processes.Keywords: Pineapple shell, Apples manalagi, Browning, carbohydrate, dehydrogenase.
Production and Quality Pennisetum purpureum at Shading Condition and Nitrogen Fertilizer Dosage
Authors: Mangiring Windu , Kurniawati Nurleni , Priyadi Priyadi 
Published: September 2017

This experiment aims to determine 1) The effect of shading and nitrogen fertilizer to production of Pennisetum purpureum ; and 2) The effect of shading and nitrogen fertilizer to quality of Pennisetum purpureum,experiment performed in January until May 2016at fieldSTIPER Dharma Wacana Metro.The experiment was investigated in random block design with three replication. The first factor is consisted of two treatment of shading level, i.e (0%) without shading and (50%) paranet shade. The second factor consisted of three treatment of nitrogen fertilizer dosage, i.e 50 kgha-1 nitrogen fertilizer, 100 kgha-1nitrogen fertillizer and 200 kgha-1 nitrogen fertilizer. The results showed that effect paranet shade 50% in fact evidently decrease the production of Pennisetum purpureum 60 %. Quality of Pennisetum purpuremlike nitrate content, crude protein content and crude fiber contenton 50%paranet shade 0,2%-0,11%;7,8%-10,8%; and 29,13%-30,00%. In shade condition, a dose of 50 kgha-1not significant production of elephant grass forage, elephant grass forage production response to increasing doses of N (50-200 kgha-1)is more significant than whitout shade. Key words : Pennisetum purpureum,elephant grass, paranet shade, nitrogen
A study of ovarian tumors at Kathmandu medical college teaching hospital
Authors: Pradhan Sailesh Bahadur , Chalise Sanat , Pradhan Binita , Maharjan Sailuja 
Published: September 2017

Background: Ovarian cysts, which present as neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions, are the most common gynecological cause of hospital admissions. This study was conducted to know the spectrum of ovarian tumors.Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among all the ovarian specimens sent for histopathological examination.Results: Forty two cases were Surface epithelial tumours and 49 cases were germ cell tumour. Among Surface epithelial tumours, 34 (80.95%) were benign neoplasm, 2(4.76%) were borderline and 6 including one Krukenberg tumour (14.29%) were malignant neoplasm. Among all Germ cell tumours, 45 (91.84%) were Mature cystic teratoma, 1 (4.08%) was Immature cystic teratoma and 2 (4.08%) were Dysgerminoma. Conclusion: Incidence of Surface epithelial tumours and germ cell tumours were found to be almost equal with mild predominance of Germ cell tumour.
Immunohistoochemical evaluation of GATA-3, pAKT and Ki-67 in triple negative breast carcinoma
Authors: Aryal Gopi , Chhetri Aryal Sameer , Soejima Yurie , Sheckler Victoria , Eishi Yoshinobu , Sawabe Motoji 
Published: September 2017

Background: Triple-negative breast cancers lack expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor -2. These tumors have been known to be clinically aggressive. We evaluate GATA-3, pAKT and Ki-67 expression in 35 triple negative breast carcinomas.Materials and Methods: A total of 35 triple negative breast carcinomas were included in this study. The histological subtyping was done according to Japanese guidelines for breast cancer.Results: GATA-3 was positive in 60% (21/35) of tumors. High GATA-3 expression was observed in ductal carcinoma in situ. pAKT expression was demonstrated in 85.7 % (30/35) of TNBCs. The levels of expression of GATA-3 and pAKT showed no significant association with nuclear grading. (P=0.761 and P=0.487, respectively). Ki-67 labeling index was positively correlated with nuclear grading (p<0.001).Conclusion: GATA-3 expression has no relation with ER and PR expression and pAKT and GATA-3 are strongly expressed in TNBCs.
Analysis of changes in the fuel component of the cost of electricity in the transition to a closed fuel cycle in nuclear power system
Authors: Gurin A. V. , Alekseev P. N. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This paper presents a study of scenarios of transition to a closed fuel cycle in the system of nuclear power, built basing on resource availability requirements at the stage of full life-cycle reactors. Conventionally, there are three main scenarios for the development of nuclear energy: with VVER reactors operating in an open fuel cycle; with VVER reactors operating in a closed fuel cycle; and co-operating VVER and BN, operating in a closed fuel cycle. For the considered scenarios, a quantitative estimation of change in time of material balances were performed, including spent fuel balance, balance of plutonium, reprocessed and depleted uranium, radioactive waste, and the analysis of the fuel component of the cost of electricity.
A methodology for the estimation of the radiological consequences of a Loss of Coolant Accident
Authors: Keresztúri A. , Brolly Á. , Panka I. , Pázmándi T. , Trosztel I. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
For calculation of the radiological consequences of Large Break Loss of Coolant (LBLOCA) events, a set of various computer codes modeling the corresponding physical processes, disciplines and their appropriate subsequent data exchange are necessary. For demonstrating the methodology applied in MTA EK, a LBLOCA event at shut down reactor state – when only limited configuration of the Emergency Core Cooling System (ECCS) is available – was selected. In this special case, fission gas release from a number of fuel pins is obtained from the analyses. This paper describes the initiating event and the corresponding thermal hydraulic calculations and the further physical processes, the necessary models and computer codes and their connections. Additionally the applied conservative assumptions and the Best Estimate Plus Uncertainty (B+U) evaluation applied for characterizing the pin power and burnup distribution in the core are presented. Also, the fuel behavior processes. Finally, the newly developed methodology to predict whether the fuel pins are getting in-hermetic or not is described and the the results of the activity transport and dose calculations are shown.