bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internet Alcohol Marketing and Underage Alcohol Use
Authors: McClure Auden C. , Tanski Susanne E. , Li Zhigang , Jackson Kristina , Morgenstern Matthis , Li Zhongze , Sargent James D. 
Published: January 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Internet alcohol marketing is not well studied despite its prevalence and potential accessibility and attractiveness to youth. The objective was to examine longitudinal associations between self-reported engagement with Internet alcohol marketing and alcohol use transitions in youth.

METHODS:
A US sample of 2012 youths aged 15 to 20 was surveyed in 2011. An Internet alcohol marketing receptivity score was developed, based on number of positive responses to seeing alcohol advertising on the Internet, visiting alcohol brand Web sites, being an online alcohol brand fan, and cued recall of alcohol brand home page images. We assessed the association between baseline marketing receptivity and both ever drinking and binge drinking (≥6 drinks per occasion) at 1-year follow-up with multiple logistic regression, controlling for baseline drinking status, Internet use, sociodemographics, personality characteristics, and peer or parent drinking.

RESULTS:
At baseline, ever-drinking and binge-drinking prevalence was 55% and 27%, respectively. Many (59%) reported seeing Internet alcohol advertising, but few reported going to an alcohol Web site (6%) or being an online fan (3%). Higher Internet use, sensation seeking, having family or peers who drank, and past alcohol use were associated with Internet alcohol marketing receptivity, and a score of 1 or 2 was independently associated with greater adjusted odds of initiating binge drinking (odds ratio 1.77; 95% confidence interval, 1.13–2.78 and odds ratio 2.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.06–4.37 respectively) but not with initiation of ever drinking.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although high levels of engagement with Internet alcohol marketing were uncommon, most underage youths reported seeing it, and we found a prospective association between receptivity to this type of alcohol marketing and future problem drinking, making additional research and ongoing surveillance important.
Perception of Intonational Patterns and Speaker’s Intentionality in English Yes-No Questions Produced by Brazilians
Authors: Passarella dos Reis Leonice , Gonçalves Alison Roberto , Silveira Rosane 
Published: January 2016

Resumo: O presente estudo investigou a percepção de diferentes padrões entoacionais e da intencionalidade do falante em perguntas interrogativas totais do inglês. Os falantes foram seis brasileiros que gravaram um diálogo. Os ouvintes foram 31 brasileiros de diferentes partes do país que realizaram um Teste de Percepção da Modalidade da Sentença e um Teste de Percepção da Intencionalidade. Três contornos diferentes foram testados: padrão do inglês americano; padrão do português brasileiro; e padrão encontrado na interlíngua dos falantes. Os resultados demonstram que os padrões do inglês americano e do português brasileiro foram geralmente percebidos como interrogativas totais e percebidos inadequadamente como interrogativas WH. O padrão encontrado na interlíngua dos falantes foi na maioria das vezes percebido como interrogativas totais. O Teste de Percepção da Intencionalidade revelou que os ouvintes consideravam que os falantes faziam uso de interrogativas totais na maioria das vezes, o que parcialmente está de acordo com os resultados do teste de percepção. Não obstante, as intenções dos falantes foram interpretadas com muita variabilidade, o que pode ter sido um efeito do teste.Palavras-chave: percepção em L2; padrões entoacionais; interrogativas totais neutras; intencionalidade; fonologia da L2.Abstract: The current study investigated the perception of different intonational patterns and speaker’s intentionality in English yes-no questions produced by Brazilian Portuguese speakers of English. The speakers were six Brazilians who recorded a dialogue. The listeners were 31 Brazilians from different parts of the country who took a Perception of Sentence Modality Test and a Perception of Intentionality Test. Three different contours were tested: English-L1 like, Brazilian-Portuguese like, and Interlanguage like. Results demonstrate that English-L1 like and Brazilian-Portuguese like were generally perceived as yes-no and misperceived as wh-questions, whereas Interlanguage like tended to be mostly perceived as yes-no questions. In the Perception of Intentionality Test, there was a tendency for listeners to consider that the speakers were asking neutral yes-no questions most of the times, which somewhat is in tune with the results obtained at the perception test. Speakers’ intentions were also interpreted by listeners with much variability, which could have been a test effect.Keywords: L2 Perception; Intonational Patterns; Neutral Yes-No Questions; Intentionality; L2 Phonology.
Volume 05 Index
Authors: Index GJS 
Published: January 2016

<p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Volume 05, Issue 1, (2015) </strong></p><p>The effect of gender on refusal of suggestion in formal and informal situations among Iranian learners<br /> Behzad Rahbar, Mohammad Reza Oroji, Fariba Hedayatnejad<br /> 01-13</p><p>Socio-economic impact of hydropower projects in Dzongu Region of North Sikkim</p><p>Binod Bhattarai 14-27</p><p>On family etiquette of Кazakhs on family etiquette of Кazakhs</p><p>Amanzhol Kalysh, Dinar Nuketayeva, Almagul Kanagatova, Zhuldyz Suleimenova, Seylbek Asanov Sadikovich, Zhuldyz Zhumashova<br /> 28-33</p><p>Mapping and analysis of supply side policies in the alignment of education with industry in Indonesia<br /> Rakhma Oktavina, Ainul Haq<br /> 34-40</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Volume 05, Issue 2, (2015)</strong><strong></strong></p><p> </p><p>From the Editors</p><p>Dr. Mustafa Gündüz</p><p> </p><p>The attention of the new public service in implementation of local autonomy bureaucracy in Indonesia</p><p><em>Titus Tandi Datu</em></p><p><em>42-53</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p>Introducing Form-Function Theory Evidence from the Post Position “ra” and Focus Marker “ke” in Persian</p><p><em>Mohammadreza Oroji, Shidak Rahbarian</em></p><p><em>54-58</em></p>
Comparison of anterior and posterior mini-implant-assisted maxillary incisor intrusion: Root resorption and treatment efficiency
Authors: Aras Isil , Tuncer Ali V. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To compare, through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), the root resorption and treatment efficiency of two different mini-implant-assisted modalities in intruding the maxillary incisors.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty-two adults who had deep bite and elongated maxillary incisors were randomly allocated to two groups: anterior mini-implant group (AMG) and posterior mini-implant group (PMG). In the AMG, approximately 40 g of force was applied per side with elastic chains from mini-implants placed between the lateral incisors and canines and in the PMG, with beta-titanium wires from mini-implants placed between the second premolars and first molars. This study was conducted on CBCT scans taken before intrusion and after 4 months of intrusion. Data were analyzed by means of a paired t-test, independent t-test, and Pearson’s correlation test.

Results:
One patient was excluded from the AMG due to mini-implant loosening. While the incisors showed a significant reduction in length and volume, this amount was greater in the AMG, especially in the central incisors (P &lt; .05). Together with the mean intrusion rates of 0.62 and 0.39 mm/mo in the AMG and PMG respectively, the center of resistance of the incisors showed distal movement with labial tipping; these changes were greater in the PMG (P &lt; .001). Volumetric root resorption was correlated with the amount of intrusion (P &lt; .05).

Conclusions:
Intrusion anchoring from posterior mini-implants is preferred in cases of upright incisors, as the use of such mechanics directs the roots into the spongiosa where they undergo less root resorption and more labial tipping.
Potato Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Results From Three Prospective Cohort Studies
Authors: Muraki Isao , Rimm Eric B. , Willett Walter C. , Manson JoAnn E. , Hu Frank B. , Sun Qi 
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE
We aimed to elucidate whether potato consumption is associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We analyzed data in three cohorts consisting of U.S. male and female health professionals without diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer at baseline: 70,773 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (1984–2010), 87,739 women from Nurses’ Health Study II (1991–2011), and 40,669 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986–2010). Potato consumption was assessed quadrennially using validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQs), and we calculated 4-year change in potato consumption from consecutive FFQs. Self-reported T2D diagnosis was confirmed using a validated supplementary questionnaire.

RESULTS
During 3,988,007 person-years of follow-up, 15,362 new cases of T2D were identified. Higher consumption of total potatoes (including baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes and french fries) was significantly associated with an elevated risk for T2D: the pooled hazard ratio (HR) of T2D compared with &lt;1 serving/week was 1.07 (95% CI 0.97–1.18) for 2–4 servings/week and 1.33 (95% CI 1.17–1.52) for ≥7 servings/week after adjustment for demographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors. In addition, the pooled HRs of T2D for every 3 servings/week were 1.04 (95% CI 1.01–1.08) for baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes, and 1.19 (95% CI 1.13–1.25) for french fries. We further estimated that the HR of T2D was 0.88 (95% CI 0.84–0.91) for replacing 3 servings/week of total potatoes with the same amount of whole grains. Last, in comparison with stable potato consumption, every 3-servings/week increment of potato consumption in 4 years was associated with a 4% (95% CI 0–8%) higher T2D risk.

CONCLUSIONS
Greater consumption of potatoes, especially french fries, was associated with a higher T2D risk, independent of BMI and other risk factors. Replacement of potatoes with whole grains was associated with a lower T2D risk.
Risk Factors Associated With Severe Hypoglycemia in Older Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Weinstock Ruth S. , DuBose Stephanie N. , Bergenstal Richard M. , Chaytor Naomi S. , Peterson Christina , Olson Beth A. , Munshi Medha N. , Perrin Alysa J.S. , Miller Kellee M. , Beck Roy W. , Liljenquist David R. , Aleppo Grazia , Buse John B. , Kruger Davida , Bhargava Anuj , Goland Robin S. , Edelen Rachel C. , Pratley Richard E. , Peters Anne L. , Rodriguez Henry , Ahmann Andrew J. , Lock John-Paul , Garg Satish K. , Rickels Michael R. , Hirsch Irl B. ,   for the T1D Exchange Severe Hypoglycemia in Older Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Study Group
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE
Severe hypoglycemia is common in older adults with long-standing type 1 diabetes, but little is known about factors associated with its occurrence.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A case-control study was conducted at 18 diabetes centers in the T1D Exchange Clinic Network. Participants were ≥60 years old with type 1 diabetes for ≥20 years. Case subjects (n = 101) had at least one severe hypoglycemic event in the prior 12 months. Control subjects (n = 100), frequency-matched to case subjects by age, had no severe hypoglycemia in the prior 3 years. Data were analyzed for cognitive and functional abilities, social support, depression, hypoglycemia unawareness, various aspects of diabetes management, C-peptide level, glycated hemoglobin level, and blinded continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics.

RESULTS
Glycated hemoglobin (mean 7.8% vs. 7.7%) and CGM-measured mean glucose (175 vs. 175 mg/dL) were similar between case and control subjects. More case than control subjects had hypoglycemia unawareness: only 11% of case subjects compared with 43% of control subjects reported always having symptoms associated with low blood glucose levels (P &lt; 0.001). Case subjects had greater glucose variability than control subjects (P = 0.008) and experienced CGM glucose levels &lt;60 mg/dL for ≥20 min on 46% of days compared with 33% of days in control subjects (P = 0.10). On certain cognitive tests, case subjects scored worse than control subjects.

CONCLUSIONS
In older adults with long-standing type 1 diabetes, greater hypoglycemia unawareness and glucose variability are associated with an increased risk of severe hypoglycemia. A study to assess interventions to prevent severe hypoglycemia in high-risk individuals is needed.
Parameters in lock-in thermography of CFRP laminates
Authors: Myrach Philipp , Maierhofer Christiane , Rahammer Markus , Kreutzbruck Marc 
Published: January 2016

AbstractActive thermography with lock-in excitation is a nondestructive testing method that is also feasible for testing of carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP). For validating the method extensive investigations were done during a research project in order to advance a standardization process. The most important parameters of optical and ultrasonic excitation thermography were investigated. For example, the appropriate selection of spectral sensitivity of the used infrared camera systems is important for recording undisturbed thermal signals. Regarding excitation, influences of excitation power and ultrasonic frequency were studied. Furthermore, material parameters such as CFRP layup are known for strongly affecting the results of measurement.
Optimization of thin-wall structures using hybrid gravitational search and Nelder-Mead algorithm
Authors: Yıldız Ali Rıza , Kurtuluş Enes , Demirci Emre , Yıldız Betul Sultan , Karagöz Selçuk 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In literature, a lot of research works have been presented on crashworthiness in order to develop crash performance of vehicles and thin-wall structures. In this research, a new hybrid optimization algorithm based on gravitational search algorithm and Nelder-Mead algorithm is introduced to improve crash performance of vehicles during frontal impact. The results show that the hybrid approach is very effective to develop crash performance of the vehicle components and thin-wall structures.
Hydrogen storage thermodynamics and kinetics of LaMg11Ni + x wt.% Ni (x = 100, 200) alloys synthesized by mechanical milling
Authors: Zhang Yanghuan , Jia Zhichao , Yuan Zeming , Qi Yan , Hou Zhonghui , Zhao Dongliang 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
LaMg11Ni + x wt.% Ni (x = 100, 200) composite hydrogen storage alloys with a nanocrystalline/amorphous structure were synthesized using ball milling technology. The effects of Ni content and milling time on hydrogen storage thermodynamics and dynamics of the alloys were investigated systematically. The hydrogen desorption properties were assessed using a Sieverts apparatus and differential scanning calorimetry. The thermodynamic parameters for the hydrogen absorption and desorption were calculated using the Van't Hoff equation. The hydrogen desorption activation energies of the hydrogenated alloys were also estimated by Arrhenius and Kissinger methods. Results indicate that the amount of Ni added has no effect on the thermodynamics of the alloys, but it significantly improves their absorption and desorption kinetics. Furthermore, the milling time has a great influence on the hydrogen storage properties. To be specific, the hydrogen absorption capacities reach the maximum values with the variation of milling time, and the hydrogen desorption activation energy obviously decreases with increasing milling time.
LAUNCHING COSMIC-RAY-DRIVEN OUTFLOWS FROM THE MAGNETIZED INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM
Authors: Girichidis Philipp , Naab Thorsten , Walch Stefanie , Hanasz Michał , Low Mordecai-Mark Mac , Ostriker Jeremiah P. , Gatto Andrea , Peters Thomas , Wünsch Richard , Glover Simon C. O. , Klessen Ralf S. , Clark Paul C. , Baczynski Christian 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
We present a hydrodynamical simulation of the turbulent, magnetized, supernova (SN)-driven interstellar medium (ISM) in a stratified box that dynamically couples the injection and evolution of cosmic rays (CRs) and a self-consistent evolution of the chemical composition. CRs are treated as a relativistic fluid in the advection–diffusion approximation. The thermodynamic evolution of the gas is computed using a chemical network that follows the abundances of H+, H, H2, CO, C+, and free electrons and includes (self-)shielding of the gas and dust. We find that CRs perceptibly thicken the disk with the heights of 90% (70%) enclosed mass reaching

(

). The simulations indicate that CRs alone can launch and sustain strong outflows of atomic and ionized gas with mass loading factors of order unity, even in solar neighborhood conditions and with a CR energy injection per SN of

, 10% of the fiducial thermal energy of an SN. The CR-driven outflows have moderate launching velocities close to the midplane (

) and are denser (ρ ∼ 10−24–10−26 g cm−3), smoother, and colder than the (thermal) SN-driven winds. The simulations support the importance of CRs for setting the vertical structure of the disk as well as the driving of winds.
GAMMA-RAY BURSTS FROM MAGNETIC RECONNECTION: VARIABILITY AND ROBUSTNESS OF LIGHT CURVES
Authors: Granot Jonathan 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
The dissipation mechanism that powers gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) remains uncertain almost half a century after their discovery. The two main competing mechanisms are the extensively studied internal shocks and the less studied magnetic reconnection. Here we consider GRB emission from magnetic reconnection accounting for the relativistic bulk motions that it produces in the jet's bulk rest frame. Far from the source the magnetic field is almost exactly normal to the radial direction, suggesting locally quasi-spherical thin reconnection layers between regions of oppositely directed magnetic field. We show that if the relativistic motions in the jet's frame are confined to such a quasi-spherical uniform layer, then the resulting GRB light curves are independent of their direction distribution within this layer. This renders previous results for a delta-function velocity-direction distribution applicable to a much more general class of reconnection models, which are suggested by numerical simulations. Such models that vary in their velocity-direction distribution differ mainly in the size of the bright region that contributes most of the observed flux at a given emission radius or observed time. The more sharply peaked this distribution, the smaller this bright region, and the stronger the light curve variability that may be induced by deviations from a uniform emission over the thin reconnection layer, which may be expected in a realistic GRB outflow. This is reflected both in the observed image at a given observed time and in the observer-frame emissivity map at a given emission radius, which are calculated here for three simple velocity-direction distributions.
The Forgotten: Identification and Functional Characterization of MHC Class II Molecules H2-Eb2 and RT1-Db2
Authors: Monzón-Casanova Elisa , Rudolf Ronald , Starick Lisa , Müller Ingrid , Söllner Christian , Müller Nora , Westphal Nico , Miyoshi-Akiyama Tohru , Uchiyama Takehiko , Berberich Ingolf , Walter Lutz , Herrmann Thomas 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIn this article, we report the complete coding sequence and to our knowledge, the first functional analysis of two homologous nonclassical MHC class II genes: RT1-Db2 of rat and H2-Eb2 of mouse. They differ in important aspects compared with the classical class II β1 molecules: their mRNA expression by APCs is much lower, they show minimal polymorphism in the Ag-binding domain, and they lack N-glycosylation and the highly conserved histidine 81. Also, their cytoplasmic region is completely different and longer. To study and compare them with their classical counterparts, we transduced them in different cell lines. These studies show that they can pair with the classical α-chains (RT1-Da and H2-Ea) and are expressed at the cell surface where they can present superantigens. Interestingly, compared with the classical molecules, they have an extraordinary capacity to present the superantigen Yersinia pseudotuberculosis mitogen. Taken together, our findings suggest that the b2 genes, together with the respective α-chain genes, encode for H2-E2 or RT1-D2 molecules, which could function as Ag-presenting molecules for a particular class of Ags, as modulators of Ag presentation like nonclassical nonpolymorphic class II molecules DM and DO do, or even as players outside the immune system.
Rab12 Regulates Retrograde Transport of Mast Cell Secretory Granules by Interacting with the RILP–Dynein Complex
Authors: Efergan Adi , Azouz Nurit P. , Klein Ofir , Noguchi Kenta , Rothenberg Marc E. , Fukuda Mitsunori , Sagi-Eisenberg Ronit 
Published: January 2016

AbstractSecretory granule (SG) transport is a critical step in regulated exocytosis including degranulation of activated mast cells. The latter process results in the release of multiple inflammatory mediators that play key roles in innate immunity, as well as in allergic responses. In this study, we identified the small GTPase Rab12 as a novel regulator of mast cell SG transport, and we provide mechanistic insights into its mode of action. We show that Rab12 is activated in a stimulus-dependent fashion and promotes microtubule-dependent retrograde transport of the SGs in the activated cells. We also show that this minus end transport of the SGs is mediated by the RILP–dynein complex and identify RILP as a novel effector of Rab12. Finally, we show that Rab12 negatively regulates mast cell degranulation. Taken together, our results identify Rab12 as a novel regulator of mast cell responses and disclose for the first time, to our knowledge, the mechanism of retrograde transport of the mast cell SGs.
Anastilosis Virtual con Blender: Las Termas del Yacimiento Villa Romana De L’albir (L’alfàs Del Pì, Alicante)
Authors: Fabregat Bolufer Laia , Tejerina Antón Daniel , Molina Vidal Jaime , Frías Carolina 
Published: January 2016

<p>As part of the the site musealization "Villa Romana de l'Albir (L'Alfas del Pi, Alicante), a digital reconstruction of the thermal complex of the villa has been produced. The software chosen to create the virtual model is Blender, a powerful set of tools, able to develop all phases of design (modeling, animation, lighting, rendering and video editing). Here we show the results of the thermal complex reconstruction and describe the specific workflow of Blender for virtual reconstruction<br />of archaeological sites.</p>
Anastilosis de la Scaenae Frons del Teatro Romano de Itálica
Authors: Pinto Puerto Francisco , Guerrero Vega José María , Angulo Fornos Roque 
Published: January 2016

<p>Among the actions planned for the conservation and restoration of the Italica theatre, the Archaeological Ensemble has suggested the possibility of reconstructing its scaenae frons through anastylosis, as many of its constituent elements are well-preserved and have been thoroughly studied and analyzed in the last few years. This<br />paper will use these studies as a starting point to raise some preliminary considerations related to the necessary reversal, not only as pertains to the execution of the works but also to previously conducted research and the computer graphic model that serves as its vehicle. Subsequently, we will provide additional insight into the adopted criteria and the methodology proposed to develop the model. The above considerations are aimed at determining the conceptual and methodological domains defined for this project, which will begin with research on the scaenae frons and the development of a graphic model and culminate in its eventual execution.</p>