bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La obra Cor Iesv amanti sacrvm de Antonio Wierix: el religio cordis jesuita al inicio de la reforma católica y la promoción de la vía mística triple
Authors: Renders Helmut 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT: This article introduces the emblem book Cor Iesv amanti sacrvm by Antonius Wierix, written around 1586/87 with 18 engravings accompanied by brief Latin poems of two stanzas with three lines each. After a general introduction to the work, this study presents an iconographic analysis of the picturae, interpreted together with their corresponding subscriptiones. This text and image composition is then regarded as religious language, typical of Jesuit emblem books. By comparing different editions of this book, the order of the 18 emblems - suggested (but not explained) by Menon - is confirmed, and a new sequence is proposed, highlighting the main objective of this work, viz. the promotion of the triple mystic way. KEYWORDS: Emblem books; religio cordis; Jesuits; Antonius Wierix; Cor Iesv amanti sacrvm; triple mystical way. RESUMEN: Este artículo presenta el libro emblemático Cor Iesv sacrvm amanti de Antonio Wierix, creado en torno a 1586-1587, con 18 grabados acompañados de breves poesías latinas de dos estrofas de tres versos cada una. Después de una introducción general, juga-se la iconografía da pictura junto a subscriptio como ejemplos de una lenguaje religiosa compuesta de elementos pictóricos y textuales, típicos para el género de libros emblemáticos jesuitas. Se confirma la secuencia sugerida pero no explicada por Megnon de los 18 emblemas por la comparación de varias ediciones de la obra y propone una nueva estructuración de la secuencia de los 18 emblemas destacando como el objetivo principal la promoción de la vía mística triple. PALABRAS CLAVES: Libros emblemáticos; religio cordis; jesuitas; Antonio Wierix; Cor Iesv sacrvm amanti; el camino místico triple.
A Literature Review: Modelling Dynamic Portfolio Strategy under Defaultable Assets with Stochastic Rate of Return, Rate of Inflation and Credit Spread Rate
Authors: Rizal N. A , Wiryono S.K 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis research aims to find an optimal solution for dynamic portfolio in finite-time horizon under defaultable assets, which means that the assets has a chance to be liquidated in a finite time horizon, e.g corporate bond. Besides investing on those assets, investors will also have benefit in the form of consumption. As a reference in making investment decisions the concept of utility functions and volatility will play a role. Optimal portfolio composition will be obtained by maximizing the total expected discounted utility of consumption in the time span during the investment is executed and also to minimize the risk, the volatility of the investment. Further the reduced form model is applied since the assets prices can be linked with the market risk and the credit risk. The interest rate and the rate of inflation will be allowed as a representation of market risk, while the credit spread will be used as a representation of credit risk. The dynamic of asset prices can be derived analytically by using Ito Calculus in the form of the movement of the three risk factors above. Furthermore, this problem will be solved using the stochastic dynamic programming method by assuming that market is incomplete. Depending on the chosen utility function, the optimal solution of the portfolio composition and the consumption can be found explicitly in the form of feedback control. This is possible since the dynamic of the wealth process of the control variable is linear. To apply dynamic programming as well as to find solutions we use Backward Stochastic Differential Equation (BSDE) where the solution can be solved explicitly, especially where the terminal value of the investment target is chosen random. Further, it will be modeled with Monte Carlo simulation and, calibrated using Indonesia data of stock and corporate bond.
Implementation of the Innovation Development Process for the Certain Region in the Framework of Clusters
Authors: Sergeevna Tsertseil Juliya 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe given work contains theoretical and practical aspects of innovation development at the enterprise within the frames of a cluster. The research in the field of innovation activities was carried out by such scientifical men as Igor H. Ansoff; J. Bailey, D. Bell, John Kenneth Galbraith, Peter Drucker; D. Swaim, N. Kelley, M. Porter, Douglass North, Oliver E. Williamson, etc. Innovation processes based on the staff’s intellectual activity and utilization of intellectual resources do not only increase balance sheet value and market price of enterprise assets but appears to be a key innovation factor of its functioning performance. The innovational character of the business processes implicates transition to the following relevant level of development determining a new structure of the enterprise manufacturing costs, optimization of its productive activity, increase in sales receipts as a result of amelioration of consumptive qualities of easy-to-sell goods, works and services what implies the utilization of the enterprise intellectual capital.
Novel verbal fluency scores and structural brain imaging for prediction of cognitive outcome in mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Clark David Glenn , McLaughlin Paula M. , Woo Ellen , Hwang Kristy , Hurtz Sona , Ramirez Leslie , Eastman Jennifer , Dukes Reshil‐Marie , Kapur Puneet , DeRamus Thomas P. , Apostolova Liana G. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIntroductionThe objective of this study was to assess the utility of novel verbal fluency scores for predicting conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to clinical Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodVerbal fluency lists (animals, vegetables, F, A, and S) from 107 MCI patients and 51 cognitively normal controls were transcribed into electronic text files and automatically scored with traditional raw scores and five types of novel scores computed using methods from machine learning and natural language processing. Additional scores were derived from structural MRI scans: region of interest measures of hippocampal and ventricular volumes and gray matter scores derived from performing ICA on measures of cortical thickness. Over 4 years of follow‐up, 24 MCI patients converted to AD. Using conversion as the outcome variable, ensemble classifiers were constructed by training classifiers on the individual groups of scores and then entering predictions from the primary classifiers into regularized logistic regression models. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC) was measured for classifiers trained with five groups of available variables.ResultsClassifiers trained with novel scores outperformed those trained with raw scores (AUC 0.872 vs 0.735; P < .05 by DeLong test). Addition of structural brain measurements did not improve performance based on novel scores alone.ConclusionThe brevity and cost profile of verbal fluency tasks recommends their use for clinical decision making. The word lists generated are a rich source of information for predicting outcomes in MCI. Further work is needed to assess the utility of verbal fluency for early AD.
Response to the Comments of Igor Primoratz
Authors: Flew Antony 
Published: February 2016

1) Just so soon as I was asked to send in a final, revised version of my “Retrospect and Prospect, Retribution and Deterrence” for eventual publication, it became obvious to me that all the alterations or additions which I wanted to make were alterations or additions in response to the “Comments” by Igor Primoratz. But, if I were to make the changes which I now believe to be necessary, in that original paper, then those Comments would be left in the air — apparently provoked by nothing at all. So instead I present my afterthoughts here, appropriately, as what they are, Responses to his Comments.First, and urgently, we need to introduce a distinction between justifying (in general) and justicizing (in particular).
Proportionality in the Philosophy of Punishment: From “Why Punish?” to “How Much?”
Authors: von Hirsch Andrew 
Published: February 2016

Recent philosophical writing about punishment has been devoted mainly to the “why punish?” question. While a variety of theories — utilitarian, reciprocity based, and expressive — have been put forward to answer this question, there has been wide agreement among philosophers that the institution of legal punishment should be retained. Proponents of the various theories disagree chieflywhyinstitutionalized punishment is necessary.The philosophical writings have paid comparatively little attention to the criteria for distributing punishments — particularly to the criteria for deciding how much to penalize convicted offenders.
Making Sentencing Policy More Rational and More Effective
Authors: Blumstein Alfred 
Published: February 2016

In thinking about the sentence-setting process, it is important to recognize the different perspectives associated with the two different levels at which sentencing questions must be addressed. The first is the macro policy level. This is the level of issues faced by a judicial council, a legislature, or a sentencing commission. Such a body must establish a range of permissible sentences from which the individual judge chooses the sentence for any particular case. The policy body must develop principles for establishing those ranges. Most of the discussion in this paper appeals to this policy level.The second level is the micro level of the individual judge who must choose, from the range of sentences that the policy permits, the particular sentence that is most appropriate for the particular case. As part of its policy, the policy body may also provide guidance to the individual judge on how to choose a particular sentence from within the available range.
The Abolitionist Case: Alternative Crime Policies
Authors: Hulsman Louk 
Published: February 2016

We are inclined to consider “criminal events” as exceptional, events which differ to an important extent from other events which are not defined as criminal. In the conventional view, criminal conduct is considered to be the most important cause of these events. Criminals are — in this view — a special category of people, and the exceptional nature of criminal conduct, and/or the criminal, justify the special nature of the reaction against it.People who are involved in “criminal” events, however, do not in themselves appear to form a special category. Those who are officially recorded as “criminal” constitute only a small part of those involved in events that legally permit criminalisation. Among them, young men from the most disadvantaged sections of the population are heavily overrepresented.
Lamotrigine – An Update
Authors: Brodie Martin J. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT:Lamotrigine (LTG) inhibits repetitive high frequency firing in depolarised neurones by selectively prolonging slow inactivation of the sodium channel, thereby suppressing the release of excitatory amino acids. It has been shown to be effective in 11 pivotal double-blind add-on trials in patients with refractory partial seizures with or without secondary generalisation. Subsequent anecdotal data support its efficacy for typical and atypical absences, myoclonic jerks, tonic or clonic seizures, Lennox- Gastaut syndrome and infantile spasms. Most recently LTG has been compared with carbamazepine and phenytoin in double-blind trials in patients with newly diagnosed partial and primary and secondary generalised tonic-clonic seizures. At the doses used, its efficacy was similar to the older agents for all seizure types, but LTG was better tolerated than both of the older agents. The commonest sideeffects with LTG include headache, nausea, diplopia, dizziness, ataxia and tremor. Rash occurs in fewer than 5% patients. Its incidence can be reduced by starting treatment with a low dose, particularly in patients receiving concomitant sodium valproate which inhibits LTG metabolism. Enzyme inducers, such as carbamazepine, phenytoin and phenobarbital, accelerate its elimination, but LTG itself has no effect on hepatic metabolic processes. A pharmacodynamic interaction with carbamazepine necessitates a dosage reduction in some patients when LTG is introduced. LTG is a new antiepileptic agent with a long elimination half-life, a broad spectrum of activity, and a wide therapeutic ratio.
Gabapentin
Authors: Bruni J. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT:Gabapentin is a novel antiepileptic drug that has recently been introduced in Canada. Although its mechanism of action remains to be defined gabapentin is effective in a number of seizure models which predict its efficacy in partial and tonic-clonic seizures. Clinical studies support the clinical efficacy of gabapentin as adjunctive therapy in adults with epilepsy with partial and secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Gabapentin has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile and is generally well tolerated. More clinical data are required on the role of gabapentin in children and additional monotherapy experience is required before the role of gabapentin in the overall treatment of epilepsy can be better defined.
Vigabatrin
Authors: Guberman A. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT:Vigabatrin (VGB) is a recently-released antiepileptic drug which works by a clearlydefined mechanism of action: inhibition of GABA transaminase leading to an elevation of brain GABA concentration. It has been proven effective, mainly as an add-on agent, in complex partial and secondarily generalized seizures in both adults and children as well as in infantile spasms in both short and long-term controlled studies. World-wide experience now includes over 150,000 patients exposed to the drug. VGB has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile since it has little protein-binding, is mainly excreted unchanged by the kidney and has a long effective half-life allowing once or twice daily dosing. It is generally well-tolerated with very few cognitive effects but may cause significant behavioral side effects such as agitation, irritability, depression or psychosis in approximately 2-4% of cases. Mild weight gain and possible exacerbation of absence and myoclonic seizures are other reported adverse effects. The role of VGB in other childhood epileptic syndromes apart from West syndrome is still being defined.
Alfentanil Mediated Activation of Epileptiform Activity in the Electrocorticogram During Resection of Epileptogenic Foci
Authors: Daniel L. Keene , Roberts David , William M. Splinter , Higgin Michael , Ventureyra Enrique 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT:Purpose:Alfentanil is a potent, short-acting opioid agent which has been used during balanced anaesthesia in children undergoing the surgical excision of epileptic foci. After the observation that this agent had the potential to induce epileptic seizures, we questioned the frequency of this occurrence in this group of patients.Method:Twelve patients (6 males, 6 females) undergoing surgical excision of an epileptic foci were prospectively followed. For each patient an electrocorticogram was recorded for 30 minutes before and after receiving alfentanil 20 pg/kg intravenously. The frequency of epileptiform abnormalities before and after drug administration was evaluated. When the electrocorticogram no longer showed the effects of alfentanil administration, methohexital 0.5 ug/kg was given intravenously.Results:Alfentanil induced significant activation of epileptiform discharges among 83% of these patients. Twenty-five per cent had an electrographic seizure. In comparison, methohexital induced significant activation of epileptiform discharges in 50% of these patients. None experienced electrographic seizures.Conclusions:As alfentanil can induce electrographic seizures in patients known to have epilepsy, caution is advised in its use in this group of patients.
Responses to Dynamic Head-and-Body Tilts are Enhanced in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Paquet Nicole , Hui-Chan Christina W.Y. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT:Background:Previous studies demonstrated that destabilizing responses to slow perturbations were enhanced in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Our objectives were to investigate the influence of PD on responses to faster whole head-and-body tilts in the standing position, and to establish whether any modification of tilt-evoked responses in PD patients was related to possible changes in the modulation of soleus (SO) H-reflex.Methods:Ten PD patients and 10 age-matched normal subjects assumed a standing position on an L-shaped tilting apparatus. Their head and shoulders were firmly attached to the back support of the apparatus, while their feet were fixated to the standing platform. With their vision occluded, the subject's whole head-and-body was suddenly tilted forward to 20°, at a peak head acceleration of 0.7g ± 0.lg. Tilt-evoked responses were recorded from the lower limb muscles bilaterally. In addition, 40 H-reflexes were elicited in the SO muscle at 30-190 ms intervals after the onset of head acceleration. The M response amplitude was kept within ±15% of its control value.Results:PD patients demonstrated an abnormally high responsiveness to whole head-and-body tilts in comparison with age-matched normal subjects. This was shown by the significantly larger proportion of PD patients manifesting responses in the SO, biceps femoris and vastus lateralis muscles (p<0.05), as well as their significantly larger SO response area (413%; p<0.01). In contrast, the amplitude of the SO H-reflex was significantly increased by only 14% (p<0.05) in these patients, and only at 30-70 ms after head acceleration onset.Conclusion:The overexcitable tilt-evoked responses of PD patients could originate from a reduced ability to suppress responses when the body is supported. This enhanced excitability of tilt-evoked responses was probably not due to motoneuronal hyperexcitability or decreased presynaptic inhibition of the group la terminals involved in the mainly monosynaptic H-reflex pathway. Thus, we hypothesize that the control of spinal interneurons involved in the tilt-evoked responses may be defective in PD.
Basal Ganglia Herniation into the Fourth Ventricle
Authors: Altumbabic Mensura , Del Bigio Marc R. , Sutherland Scott 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT:Background:Transtentorial herniation of large cerebral fragments is a rare phenomenon.Method:Case StudyResults:Examination of the brain of a 35-year-old male showed massive intracerebral hemorrhage resulting in displacement of basal ganglia components into the fourth ventricle.Conclusions:Sufficiently rapid intracerebral bleeding can dissect fragments of cerebrum and displace them long distances across the tentorial opening.
Hyperglycemia, Lumbar Plexopathy and Hypokalemic Rhabdomyolysis Complicating Conn's Syndrome
Authors: Chow Chi-Ping , Symonds Christopher J. , Zochodne Douglas W. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT:Background:Lumbosacral plexopathy is a complication of diabetes mellitus. Conn's syndrome from an aldosterone secreting adenoma may be associated with hypokalemia and rhabdomyolysis but mild hyperglycemia also usually occurs.Methods:Case description.Results:A 70-year-old male diagnosed as having Conn's syndrome, hypokalemia and mild hyperglycemia developed rhabdomyolysis and lumbar plexopathy as a presenting feature of his hyperaldosteronism. His rhadbdomyolysis rapidly cleared following correction of hypokalemia but recovery from the plexopathy occurred slowly over several months. Definite resection of the aldosterone secreting adenomas reversed the hyperglycemia.Conclusion:Our patient developed lumbar plexopathy resembling that associated with diabetes mellitus despite the presence of only mild and transient hyperglycemia.
Musical Auditory Hallucinosis from Listeria Rhombencephalitis
Authors: Douen Andre G. , Bourque Pierre R. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT:Background:Complex auditory hallucinations have rarely been reported in cases of brainstem stroke or tumor.Methods:Case study.Results:A patient with acute Listeria rhombencephalitis complained of formed musical auditory hallucinations on the side of recent sensorineural deafness. MRI revealed an abscess in the middle cerebellar peduncule with extensive surrounding edema.Conclusion:Disruption of brainstem auditory pathways may cause complex auditory hallucinations. Potential pathogenetic mechanisms are discussed and a diagnostic approach is proposed.
Proximal Neuropathy in Colles' Fracture
Authors: Rubin Michael , Heise Carl W. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT:Background:Peripheral nerve injury at the wrist following Colles' fracture is rare and usually located in the region of the fracture. Mononeuropathies in the proximal forearm have not been reported.Method:We present two patients with Colles' fracture with proximal forearm neuropathies.Results:Both cases were associated with mononeuropathies in the forearm as proximal as the elbow, involving the median, ulnar and radial nerves in one, and the median and ulnar nerves in the other.Conclusion:Following Colles' fracture proximal nerve involvement may occur and, with increased awareness, this lesion may be identified more frequently.
Prediction of Obliteration of Arteriovenous Malformations after Radiosurgery: the Obliteration Prediction Index
Authors: Schwartz Michael , Sixel Katharina , Young Charlene , Kemeny Andras , Forster David , Walton Lee , Franssen Edmee 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT:Objective:To describe the response to single dose photon stereotactic radiosurgery of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) so that the probability of success or failure of treatment may be predicted for the individual patient.Method:The obliteration prediction index (OPI) was calculated for AVMs by dividing the marginal dose of radiation in Gray (Gy) by the lesion diameter in centimetres in cohorts of 42 patients treated with the modified linear accelerator at Toronto-Sunnybrook Regional Cancer Centre and 394 patients treated with the gamma unit at the Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom. Patients were grouped into ranges by OPI and the proportion of success and failure was calculated for each group. An exponential function [P = 1-A•e(-B-OPI)] was fitted to the data by the least squares method.Results:Despite systematic differences in radiation treatment, that is, marginal doses of 15 and 20 Gy in Toronto and most Sheffield patients with a marginal dose of 25 Gy, the resultant data points exhibited similar behaviour.Conclusion:The function [P = 1-A•e(-B-OPI)] partly describes the biological effect of radiation and is independent of the radiation device used. Radiosurgery centres can use this model to facilitate predictions of successful treatment for individual patients.