bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Respite in Dementia: An Evolutionary Concept Analysis
Authors: O’ Shea Emma , Timmons Suzanne , O’ Shea Eamon , Fox Siobhan , Irving Kate 
Published: June 2017

Aim There is a lack of conceptual clarity around ‘respite’ as it relates to people with dementia and their carers. This study provides clarification on the use and meaning of the term and considers the concept in relation to the dominant care paradigm in dementia, i.e. person-centred care. Methods Rodgers’ (1989) evolutionary framework was employed. A systematic search was conducted on the Pubmed/MedLine, Embase, Cinahl, PsychInfo, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane databases (1980–2016, English) with fixed search terms relating to ‘respite’ and ‘dementia’. Papers with primary qualitative data and literature reviews were included. This search was supplemented with snowballing techniques (back/forward searching, generic search engines). Data were analysed thematically, through an iterative process of constant comparison. Results Respite is understood both as a service that provides a physical break for the carer and as a psychological outcome, i.e. a mental break for the carer, which can be facilitated by formal services, under certain conditions. The conceptual model outlines how client factors (dyadic relations, recognising/accepting need, carer psychosocial issues, restorative occupation, and stigma) and service factors (model/characteristics, care quality, staff expertise, meaningful occupation for people with dementia and communication and support), interact to influence a respite outcome. The key antecedent for a positive respite experience is that the carer perceives that mutual benefit is garnered from service use. Conclusion The term respite can be interpreted as both a service and an outcome. However, it is clear that ‘respite’, as currently understood, acknowledges the relational experience of the carer only; it is, therefore, potentially damaging to the planning and delivery of person-centred dementia care. We suggest ‘restorative care’ as a potential alternative nomenclature to respite care, thereby highlighting the importance of providing mutual, personalised health and social care services that serve to enhance care relationships rather than diminish them.
Anatomical shoulder arthroplasty in epileptic patients with instability arthropathy and persistent seizures
Authors: Thangarajah Tanujan , Falworth Mark , Lambert Simon M 
Published: June 2017

Purpose: Epileptic seizures can cause shoulder dislocation, recurrent instability and eventually arthritis. The purpose of this study was to report the results, complications and rate of revision surgery following anatomical shoulder arthroplasty in epileptic patients with instability arthropathy. Methods: A consecutive series of eight patients with epilepsy underwent anatomical shoulder arthroplasty for recurrent shoulder instability and were retrospectively reviewed after a mean of 4.7 years (range, 2–7.5 years). These included three total shoulder replacements and five humeral resurfacing hemiarthroplasty procedures. Results: Mean age of the cohort was 33 years (range, 17–44). All patients experienced post-operative grand mal seizures. Two patients with hemiarthroplasty required further surgery due to painful glenoid erosion. No residual cases of instability were noted. Mean active forward elevation and external rotation improved following surgery. The Oxford Shoulder Score improved from 15 pre-operatively (range, 7–22) to 26 post-operatively (range, 12–45) ( p = 0.031). This was accompanied by an increase in the mean Subjective Shoulder Value, which improved from 29 (range, 10–80) pre-operatively to 53 (range, 15–90) post-operatively ( p=0.042). Conclusions: Anatomical shoulder arthroplasty may offer a solution for the treatment of instability arthropathy in patients with epilepsy and persistent seizures.
Comparison of two related lines of tauGFP transgenic mice designed for lineage tracing
Authors: Sharp Linda , Pratt Thomas , MacKay Gillian E. , Keighren Margaret A. , Flockhart Jean H. , Chandler Emma J. , Price David J. , Mason John O. , West John D. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Background
The tauGFP reporter fusion protein is produced nearly ubiquitously by the TgTP6.3 transgene in TP6.3 mice and its localisation to microtubules offers some advantages over soluble GFP as a lineage marker. However, TgTP6.3
Tg/Tg
homozygotes are not viable and TgTP6.3
Tg/−
hemizygotes are smaller than wild-type. TP6.4 mice carry the TgTP6.4 transgene, which was produced with the same construct used to generate TgTP6.3, so we investigated whether TgTP6.4 had any advantages over TgTP6.3.

Results
Although TgTP6.4
Tg/Tg
homozygotes died before weaning, TgTP6.4
Tg/−
hemizygotes were viable and fertile and only males were significantly lighter than wild-type. The TgTP6.4 transgene produced the tauGFP fusion protein by the 2-cell stage and it was widely expressed in adults but tauGFP fluorescence was weak or absent in several tissues, including some neural tissues. The TgTP6.4 transgene expression pattern changed over several years of breeding and mosaic transgene expression became increasingly common in all expressing tissues. This mosaicism was used to visualise clonal lineages in the adrenal cortex of TgTP6.4
Tg/−
hemizygotes and these were qualitatively and quantitatively comparable to lineages reported previously for other mosaic transgenic mice, X-inactivation mosaics and chimaeras. Mosaicism occurred less frequently in TP6.3 than TP6.4 mice and was only observed in the corneal epithelium and adrenal cortex.

Conclusions
Mosaic expression makes the TgTP6.4 transgene unsuitable for use as a conventional cell lineage marker but such mosaicism provides a useful system for visualising clonal lineages that arise during development or maintenance of adult tissues. Differences in the occurrence of mosaicism between related transgenic lines, such as that described for lines TP6.3 and TP6.4, might provide a useful system for investigating the mechanism of transgene silencing.
Design and Preparation of a Quantum Spin Liquid Candidate κ-(ET)2Ag2(CN)3 Having a Nearby Superconductivity
Authors: Hiramatsu Takaaki , Yoshida Yukihiro , Saito Gunzi , Otsuka Akihiro , Yamochi Hideki , Maesato Mitsuhiko , Shimizu Yasuhiro , Ito Hiroshi , Nakamura Yuto , Kishida Hideo , Watanabe Masashi , Kumai Reiji 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Similar to the first quantum spin liquid (QSL) candidate, κ-(ET)2Cu2(CN)3 (1), newly prepared κ-(ET)2Ag2(CN)3 (2) is a dimer Mott insulator with a QSL ground state at ambient pressure and exhibits metallic and superconducting states next to the QSL state under pressure, where ET is bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene. The packing of the ET dimer, which corresponds to a single spin site (S = 1/2), in 2 is similar to that in 1. Salt 2 afforded a two-dimensional equilateral triangular spin lattice having strong geometrical spin frustration (t′/t = 0.967) similar to 1 (t′/t = 1.09), where t and t′ are the interdimer transfer interactions. The geometric relationship between the spin site and the opening in the anion layer in 2 is considerably different from that in 1, resulting in more dispersed packing of ET dimers, narrower bandwidth W, and larger on-site Coulomb repulsion energy U for 2 than 1. As a consequence, 2 has a higher electron correlation U/W, more robust QSL state for wider pressure range and is allocated far away from the itinerant region compared to those of 1. The narrower bandwidth is consistent with a higher superconducting critical temperature for 2 than 1 under pressure.
Recircumscription of Delphinium subg. Delphinium (Ranunculaceae) and implications for its biogeography
Authors: Xiang Kun-Li , Aytaç Zeki , Liu Yang , Espinosa Felipe , Jabbour Florian , Byng James W. , Zhang Cai-Fei , Erst Andrey S. , Wang Wei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe monophyly of Delphinium subg. Delphinium remains unresolved, owing to the controversial systematic position of the monotypic, eastern Asian endemic D. sect. Anthriscifolium. The other section of the subgenus, D. sect. Delphinium, is distributed in the Irano‐Turanian (IT) region extending westward to the Mediterranean Basin. Recently, a new genus endemic to Turkey, Pseudodelphinium, was described and considered related with Delphinium (Delphinieae) or Garidella (Nigelleae). In this study, we first conducted a broad phylogenetic analysis within Ranunculaceae using matK sequences and placed Pseudodelphinium in Delphinieae. We then performed a series of analyses using four molecular markers (trnK‐matK, trnS‐G, trnL‐F, ITS) focused on the tribe. The phylogenetic analyses based on the four‐marker dataset indicate that Pseudodelphinium is embedded within sect. Delphinium. The Swofford‐Olsen‐Waddell‐Hillis tests also reject the exclusion of Pseudodelphinium from Delphinium and sect. Delphinium. The monophyly of subg. Delphinium is not recognized because sect. Anthriscifolium unites with D. subg. Delphinastrum and Consolida. Based on molecular, morphological, and karyological data, we raise sect. Anthriscifolium to subgeneric status, whereas sect. Delphinium composed subg. Delphinium s.str. An integration of phylogenetic, molecular dating, and biogeographical methods indicates that the subgenus s.str. originated in East Asia during the latest Oligocene and began to diversify in the IT region at 8.45 Ma. Subsequently, the westward colonization events occurred at 7.06 Ma from the IT region to the Italian and Balkan Peninsulas and at 5.4 Ma from Italy to North Africa. A dispersal from North Africa to the Iberian Peninsula was inferred in the late Pliocene, supporting a hypothesis of trans‐sea dispersal. Within the Mediterranean Basin, climate aridification and eustatic sea‐level changes could have initiated the westward stepwise expansion of Delphinium.
Comparison of caregiver burden in schizophrenia and obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Oza Harsh , Parikh Minakshi , Vankar Ganpat 
Published: June 2017

Aim of the study1.To assess and compare the burden of care and psychiatric morbidity in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD).
2.To study burden with relation to socio-demographic characteristics and disease related factors.Subject or material and methodsStudy was conducted at tertiary care general hospital psychiatry department in India.Fifty consecutive patients and their primary caregivers each, of schizophrenia and OCD, were assessed. Burden of care was assessed by Family Burden Interview Schedule (FBIS). Psychiatric morbidity was assessed by General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28). The collected data was analyzed by SPSS, Chi-Square test, T-test and Pearson correlation.ResultsBurden of care was higher in caregivers of schizophrenia in 5 domains - Financial burden, Disruption of family routine, Disruption of family leisure, Disruption of family interaction and Effect on physical health. However, statistically significant higher score was observed only for domain of disruption of family routine. Caregivers with schizophrenia had higher psychiatric morbidity but anxiety and insomnia were significantly higher in caregivers of OCD. Suicidality was significantly higher in caregivers of schizophrenia. Spouses of schizophrenia had higher burden and distress. As family burden increased, psychiatric morbidity in caregiver also increased.DiscussionOCD imposes considerable burden on caregivers comparable to that of schizophrenia. Both disorders cause significant psychosocial problems for the family.ConclusionsThough the extent of burden of care and psychiatric morbidity were higher in caregivers of schizophrenia, caregivers of OCD had also considerable burden of care as well as psychiatric morbidity.
Key words: Schizophrenia, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Caregiver, Burden
Cardiac disease and advanced age increase the mortality risk following surgery for periprosthetic femoral fractures
Authors: Märdian S. , Perka C. , Schaser K-D. , Gruner J. , Scheel F. , Schwabe P. 
Published: June 2017

Aims Periprosthetic fracture is a significant complication of total hip and knee arthroplasty. This study aimed to describe the survival of patients sustaining periprosthetic femoral fractures and compare this with that of the general population, as well as to identify the factors that influence survival. Patients and Methods A total of 151 patients (women: men 116:35, mean age 74.6 years, standard deviation 11.5) that sustained a periprosthetic fracture between January 2005 and October 2012 were retrospectively analysed. Epidemiological data, comorbidities, type of surgical management, type of implant, and mortality data were studied. Results The mean survival time was 77 months (95% confidence interval 71 to 84; numbers at risk: 73) and was lower than that of the general population. The risk analyses showed that previous cardiac disease, particularly ischaemic heart disease, cardiac arrhythmias, and heart failure, age over 75 years and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) scores above 3 were associated with a significantly higher mortality. Conclusions Periprosthetic fractures carry a high risk of post-operative mortality. Our data demonstrate that advanced age (> 75 years) and previous cardiac disease are associated with a significantly higher risk of mortality. The ASA score is an appropriate instrument for risk stratification. Pre-operative cardiac status should be optimised before surgery. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:921–6.
Quality of life after resection of a chordoma of the mobile spine
Authors: Schwab J. H. , Janssen S. J. , Paulino Pereira N. R. , Chen Y. L. E. , Wain J. C. , DeLaney T. F. , Hornicek F. J. 
Published: June 2017

Aims The aim of the study was to compare measures of the quality of life (QOL) after resection of a chordoma of the mobile spine with the national averages in the United States and to assess which factors influenced the QOL, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and coping with pain post-operatively in these patients. Patients and Methods A total of 48 consecutive patients who underwent resection of a primary or recurrent chordoma of the mobile spine between 2000 and 2015 were included. A total of 34 patients completed a survey at least 12 months post-operatively. The primary outcome was the EuroQol-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire. Secondary outcomes were the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) anxiety, depression and pain interference questionnaires. Data which were recorded included the indication for surgery, the region of the tumour, the number of levels resected, the status of the surgical margins, re-operations, complications, neurological deficit, length of stay in hospital and rate of re-admission. Results The median EQ-5D-3L score was 0.71 (interquartile range (IQR) 0.44 to 0.79) which is worse than the national average in the United States of 0.85 (p < 0.001). Anxiety (median: 55 (IQR 49 to 61), p = 0.031) and pain (median: 61 (IQR 56 to 68), p < 0.001) were also worse than the national average in the United States (50), while depression was not (median: 52 (IQR 38 to 57), p = 0.513). Patients who underwent a primary resection had better QOL and less anxiety, depression and pain compared with those who underwent resection for recurrent or residual disease. The one- and five-year probabilities were 0.96 and 0.74 for survival, 0.07 and 0.25 for tumour recurrence, and 0.02 and 0.16 for developing distant metastasis. A total of 25 local complications occurred in 20 patients (42%), and there were 50 systemic and other complications in 25 patients (52%) within 90 days. Conclusion These patient reported outcomes and oncological and surgical outcomes can be used when counselling patients and to aid decision-making when planning surgery. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:979–86.
Equalisation of leg lengths in total hip arthroplasty for patients with Crowe type-IV developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Li Y. , Zhang X. , Wang Q. , Peng X. , Wang Q. , Jiang Y. , Chen Y. 
Published: June 2017

AimsThere is no consensus about the best method of achieving equal leg lengths at total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with Crowe type-IV developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). We reviewed our experience of a consecutive series of patients who underwent THA for this indication.Patients and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 78 patients (86 THAs) with Crowe type-IV DDH, including 64 women and 14 men, with a minimum follow-up of two years. The mean age at the time of surgery was 52.2 years (34 to 82). We subdivided Crowe type-IV DDH into two major types according to the number of dislocated hips, and further categorised them into three groups according to the occurrence of pelvic obliquity or spinal curvature. Leg length discrepancy (LLD) and functional scores were analysed.ResultsType-I included 53 patients with unilateral dislocation, in which 25 (category A) had no pelvic obliquity or spinal deformity, 19 (category B) had pelvic obliquity with a compensated spinal curvature and nine (category C) had pelvic obliquity and decompensated spinal degenerative changes. Type-II included 25 patients with one dislocated and one dysplastic hip, in which there were eight of category A, 15 of category B and two of category C. Pre-operatively, there were significant differences between the anatomical and functional LLD in type-IB (p = 0.005) and -IC (p < 0.001), but not in type-IA, -IIA or -IIB. Post-operatively, bony LLD increased significantly in types-IB, -IC and -IIB, whereas functional LLD decreased significantly in each type except for IIA. The mean functional LLD decreased from 30.7 mm (standard deviation (sd) 18.5) pre-operatively to 6.2 mm (sd 4.4) post-operatively and the mean anatomical LLD improved from 35.8 mm (sd 19.7) pre-operatively to 12.4 mm (sd 8.3) post-operatively.ConclusionPelvic and spinal changes are common in patients with Crowe type-IV DDH and need to be taken into consideration when planning THA, in order to obtain equal leg lengths post-operatively. The principal subdivisions of Crowe type-IV DDH which we describe proved effective in achieving equal leg lengths and satisfactory outcomes. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:872–9.
The Acquisition of Vocabulary Through Three Memory Strategies
Authors: Pérez Libia Maritza , Alvira Roberto 
Published: June 2017

The present study reports on an action research study that explores the implications of applying three vocabulary strategies: word cards, association with pictures, and association with a topic through fables in the acquisition of new vocabulary in a group of EFL low-level proficiency teenagers in a public school in Espinal, Tolima, Colombia. The participants had never used vocabulary strategies before and struggled to memorize and recall words. Two types of questionnaires, a researcher’s journal, and vocabulary tests were the instruments used to gather data. The results showed that these strategies were effective to expand the range of words progressively and improve the ability to recall them. The study also found that these strategies involve cognitive and affective factors that can affect students’ perception about the strategies and their use. The implementation of the strategies highlighted the need to train teachers and learners in strategies intended to teach and learn vocabulary and to include them in the English language program in any school.
PELÍCULAS DE ZnMnO CRECIDAS POR PLD: EFECTO DE LA CONCENTRACIÓN DE Mn
Authors: Duque Jhoan S. , Orozco Stefania , Riascos Henry 
Published: June 2017

Se depositaron películas delgadas de ZnMnO por el método de Deposición por Láser Pulsado (PLD, por sus siglas en inglés) sobre sustratos de Silicio, variando la concentración de Mn en el rango entre 1 y 20 wt.%, manteniendo la presión del gas de trabajo y la temperatura del substrato constantes, en 46 mTorr y temperatura ambiente respectivamente. Para observar el efecto de la concentración de Mn en las muestras crecidas se usaron las técnicas de difracción de rayos-X (DRX) y espectroscopia Raman. Del estudio de DRX se observa que todas las muestras preparadas en este trabajo tienen una estructura wurzita hexagonal y se presenta una ligera variación de los parámetros de red, entre 3.170 a 3.192 y 5.176 a 5.213 para las constantes a y c respectivamente. El análisis Raman corrobora la estructura wurzita de las muestras al observarse en todas ellas el modo óptico E2 (High) típico de la estructura del ZnO. En general se observaron bandas localizadas en 100 cm-1, 434 cm-1 y 570 cm-1 asociados con los modos de vibración E2 (Low), E2 (High) y E1 (LO) respectivamente. El estudio estructural de las muestras permite establecer que no hubo cambio de fase respecto al ZnO debido a la incorporación del Mn.
Insulating and fire-resistant behaviour of metakaolin and fly ash geopolymer mortars
Authors: Rashad Alaa M. 
Published: June 2017

To achieve the highest thermal insulation and the lowest carbon dioxide emissions, different geopolymer mortar types with low thermal conductivity, reasonable compressive strength and high fire resistance were investigated and compared with traditional cement mortar (TCM). Two different types of aluminosilicate materials, namely metakaolin (MK) and fly ash (FA), were used as source materials. Either natural river siliceous sand or expanded perlite (EP) was used as fine aggregate. Each source material and selected fine aggregate was mixed and activated with sodium silicate. After curing, density and thermal conductivity values were measured. The compressive strengths of the mortars before and after being subjected to 600°C for 2 h was determined. The results show that it is possible to use MK-based and FA-based geopolymer mortars without adding any foaming agent as insulation and fire-resistant materials. The different geopolymer mortar types exhibited ∼33·57–73·57% lower thermal conductivity and 83·87–115% higher compressive strength than the TCM. The MK-based geopolymer mortars proved to have higher fire resistance than FA-based ones, while the FA-based geopolymer mortars proved to have higher thermal insulation than the MK-based mortars. The use of EP as fine aggregate resulted in much higher thermal insulation and better fire resistance than siliceous sand.
La ciberdefensa y su regulación legal en Argentina (2006-2015)/ The ciberdefense and its legal regulation in Argentina (2006-2015)
Authors: Cornaglia Silvina , Vercelli Ariel Hernán 
Published: June 2017

En el artículo se analiza qué lugar ocupa y cómo se desarrolló la ciberdefensa dentro del sistema de defensa de la República Argentina. Para ello, se relevan y analizan las normas que se han producido sobre la temática durante el período 2006 – 2015. El estudio permite observar que dos instituciones han sido las más activas: por un lado, se destacan las regulaciones del Ministerio de Defensa y, por el otro, las regulaciones de la Jefatura de Gabinete de Ministros. La investigación tiene una doble finalidad. En primer lugar, favorecer un mayor nivel de sistematicidad legislativa en materia de ciberdefensa. En segundo lugar, producir información sustantiva para la elaboración de políticas públicas y actividades regionales de colaboración. El artículo es parte de una investigación mayor abocada al análisis de las diferentes formas de regular el ciberespacio.ABSTRACTThe article analyzes the place and how cyberdefense was developed within the defense system of República Argentina. To this end, the norms that have been produced on the subject during 2006 - 2015 are relieved and analyzed. The study shows that two institutions have been the most active: on one hand, stand out the regulations of the Ministerio de Defensa, and, on the other, the regulations of the Jefatura de Gabinete de Ministros. The research has a double purpose. Firstly, to favor a greater level of legislative systemacyin cyberdefense. Second, to produce substantive information for the elaboration of public policies and regional collaboration activities. The article is part of a larger investigation focused on the analysis of the different ways of regulating cyberspace.