bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensing characteristics of pure-shear film bulk acoustic resonator in viscous liquids
Authors: Chen Da , Song Shuren , Zhang Dexue , Wang Peng , Liu Weihui 
Published: March 2017

We presented a pure-shear film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) and investigated its sensing characteristics in viscous liquids. In the resonator, the electrodes were located on the surface of c-axis-oriented AlN film to generate the lateral electric field and excite the shear acoustic resonance. Compared with the typical quasi-shear film bulk acoustic resonator based on inclined c-axis-oriented AlN or ZnO piezoelectric film, the proposed device exhibits significantly higher Q-factors and a notably improved detection limit, particularly in water and viscous liquids. The frequency shifts show a linear dependency on the square root of the product of the liquid viscosity and density of the glycerol solution in the viscosity range of 1–5 mPa[Formula: see text]s. Furthermore, we measured the mass sensitivity through real-time monitoring of the frequency change during the volatilization process of the loaded saline solutions. The proposed device shows the mass sensitivity of 465 Hz[Formula: see text]cm2/ng and the mass resolutions of 0.17 ng/cm2 in air, 0.25 ng/cm2 in water and 2.08 ng/cm2 in 50% glycerol solution, respectively. The obtained results clearly indicate that the proposed device is capable of using in liquid phase detection with high sensitivity requirements.
Thermoregulatory responses to exercise at a fixed rate of heat production are not altered by acute hypoxia
Authors: Coombs Geoff B. , Cramer Matthew N. , Ravanelli Nicholas , Imbeault Pascal , Jay Ollie 
Published: March 2017

This study sought to assess the within-subject influence of acute hypoxia on exercise-induced changes in core temperature and sweating. Eight participants [1.75 (0.06) m, 70.2 (6.8) kg, 25 (4) yr, 54 (8) ml·kg−1·min−1] completed 45 min of cycling, once in normoxia (NORM; [Formula: see text] = 0.21) and twice in hypoxia (HYP1/HYP2; [Formula: see text]= 0.13) at 34.4(0.2)°C, 46(3)% RH. These trials were designed to elicit 1) two distinctly different %V̇o2peak [NORM: 45 (8)% and HYP1: 62 (7)%] at the same heat production (Hprod) [NORM: 6.7 (0.6) W/kg and HYP1: 7.0 (0.5) W/kg]; and 2) the same %V̇o2peak [NORM: 45 (8)% and HYP2: 48 (5)%] with different Hprod [NORM: 6.7 (0.6) W/kg and HYP2: 5.5 (0.6) W/kg]. At a fixed %V̇o2peak, changes in rectal temperature (ΔTre) and changes in esophageal temperature (ΔTes) were greater at end-exercise in NORM [ΔTre: 0.76 (0.19)°C; ΔTes: 0.64 (0.22)°C] compared with HYP2 [ΔTre: 0.56 (0.22)°C, P < 0.01; ΔTes: 0.42 (0.21)°C, P < 0.01]. As a result of a greater Hprod ( P < 0.01) in normoxia, and therefore evaporative heat balance requirements, to maintain a similar %V̇o2peak compared with hypoxia, mean local sweat rates (LSR) from the forearm, upper back, and forehead were greater (all P < 0.01) in NORM [1.10 (0.20) mg·cm−2·min−1] compared with HYP2 [0.71 (0.19) mg·cm−2·min−1]. However, at a fixed Hprod, ΔTre [0.75 (0.24)°C; P = 0.77] and ΔTes [0.63 (0.29)°C; P = 0.69] were not different in HYP1, compared with NORM. Likewise, mean LSR [1.11 (0.20) mg·cm−2·min−1] was not different ( P = 0.84) in HYP1 compared with NORM. These data demonstrate, using a within-subjects design, that hypoxia does not independently influence thermoregulatory responses. Additionally, further evidence is provided to support that metabolic heat production, irrespective of %V̇o2peak, determines changes in core temperature and sweating during exercise. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Using a within-subject design, hypoxia does not independently alter core temperature and sweating during exercise at a fixed rate of heat production. These findings also further contribute to the development of a methodological framework for assessing differences in thermoregulatory responses to exercise between various populations and individuals. Using the combined environmental stressors of heat and hypoxia we conclusively demonstrate that exercise intensity relative to aerobic capacity (i.e., %V̇o2max) does not influence changes in thermoregulatory responses.
Can Consideration of the Microbiome Improve Antimicrobial Utilization and Treatment Outcomes in the Oncology Patient?
Authors: Galloway-Peña Jessica R. , Jenq Robert R. , Shelburne Samuel A. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The need to provide effective and timely antimicrobial treatment to cancer patients with infections is well recognized but tempered by preliminary, but accumulating, evidence that antibiotic-induced microbiome dysbiosis affects cancer therapy response, noninfectious toxicities, and infectious complications. Given only a minority of empirically treated cancer patients are proven to have a true bacterial infection, it is important to consider the potential negative consequences of extensive broad-spectrum antimicrobial use on the commensal microbiota. Herein, we review the literature substantiating the dilemma oncologists face when treating suspected or documented infections with respect to the interaction between the host microbiome, antibiotics, and cancer-related clinical outcomes. We propose microbiome-based explorations that could assist oncologists in optimizing treatment strategies for cancer-related infections as well as the cancer itself. In addition, we discuss knowledge gaps and challenges in this nascent field that must be addressed to deliver medically relevant, translational applications. We anticipate that the emerging knowledge regarding the role of the microbiota in the health of cancer patients may cause a reappraisal of the manner in which antibiotics are used in the oncologic setting and how microorganisms are viewed by oncologists. Clin Cancer Res; 23(13); 3263–8. ©2017 AACR.
See related commentary by Fessler and Gajewski, p. 3229
Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithms for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Energy Conversion System
Authors: Kumari J.Surya , Saibabu Ch. 
Published: March 2017

<p class="Default">As the use of energy is increasing, the requirements for the quality of the supplied electrical energy are more tighten. Energy is the most basic and essential of all resources. As conventional sources of energy are rapidly depleting and the cost of energy is rising, photovoltaic energy becomes a promising alternative source. Photovoltaic (PV) generation is becoming increasingly important as a renewable source since it exhibits a great many merits such as cleanness, little maintenance and no noise. The output power of PV arrays is always changing with weather conditions, i.e., solar irradiation and atmospheric temperature. Therefore, a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control to extract maximum power from the PV arrays at real time becomes indispensable in PV generation system. In recent years, a large number of techniques have been proposed for tracking the maximum power point (MPP). MPPT is used in photovoltaic (PV) systems to maximize the photovoltaic array output power, irrespective of the temperature and radiation conditions and of the load electrical characteristics the PV array output power is used to directly control the dc/dc converter, thus reducing the complexity of the system. The resulting system has high-efficiency. This paper presents in details comparison of most popular MPPT algorithms techniques which are Perturb &amp; Observe algorithm(P&amp;O) and Improved Perturb &amp; Observe algorithm(IPO). Improved Perturb &amp; Observe algorithm (IPO), is a very promising technique that allows the increase of efficiency and reliability of such systems. Modeling and designing a PV system with Improved Perturb &amp; Observe algorithm (IPO) is remarkably more complex than implementing a standard MPPT technique. In this paper, Improved Perturb &amp; Observe algorithm (IPO), system for PV arrays is proposed and analyzed.</p>
Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Drive System Based on Maximum Power Curve Searching using Fuzzy Logic Controller
Authors: Dida Abdelhak , Benattous Djilani 
Published: March 2017

This paper proposes a novel variable speed control algorithm for a grid connected doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) system. The main objective is to track the maximum power curve characteristic by using an adaptive fuzzy logic controller, and to compare it with the conventional optimal torque control method for large inertia wind turbines. The role of the FLC is to adapt the transfer function of the harvested mechanical power controller according to the operating point in variable wind speed. The control system has two sub-systems for the rotor side and the grid side converters (RSC, GSC). Active and reactive power control of the back-to-back converters has been achieved indirectly by controlling q-axis and d-axis current components. The main function of the RSC controllers is to track the maximum power through controlling the electromagnetic torque of the wind turbine. The GSC controls the DC-link voltage, and guarantees unity power factor between the GSC and the grid. The proposed system is developed and tested in MATLAB/SimPowerSystem (SPS) environment.
Finite State Predictive Current and Common Mode Voltage Control of a Seven-phase Voltage Source Inverter
Authors: Iqbal Atif , Moinoddine Shaikh , Rahman Khaliqur 
Published: March 2017

<p class="abstract">The paper elaborate finite set model based predictive current control of a seven-phase voltage source inverter. The current control is carried out considering a finite set of control actions. The space vector model of a seven-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) yields 2<sup>7</sup> = 128 space voltage vectors, with 126 active and two zero vectors. The control method described in this paper discard some switching states from the whole set and employs reduced number of switching states to track the commanded current. Three sets of space vectors are used for switching actuation, in one case only 15 vectors are used (14 active and one zero), in second case 29 vectors are used (28 active and one zero) and finally 43 vectors (42 active and one zero) are employed. Optimal algorithm is employed to find the vector which minimizes the chosen cost function. The effect of selecting the cost function, the number of space vectors and the sampling time is investigated and reported. The developed technique is tested for RL load using simulation and experimental approaches.</p><br /><p class="Papertitle"> </p>
Performance Comparison of PID and Fuzzy Controllers in Distributed MPPT
Authors: Sharma Chandani , Jain Anamika 
Published: March 2017

With an increase of Green Technology applications, Photovoltaic have emerged as the most appropriate solution for electricity generation purposes. However, due to variable temperature and irradiance, under the partial or shaded conditions Maximum Power Point Tracking is needed to determine highest efficiency of the system. The paper describes dynamic modeling and control of variable temperature and irradiance on solar panel in SIMULINK-MATLAB environment. The implementation of Buck Converter is used for power switching and impedance matching on connecting the panel to the load. The effectiveness of the model, with enhanced efficiency through voltage stabilization, is performed using Proportional-Integral-Derivative and Fuzzy-Logic-Controllers. A comparative study is made for PID and FLC on the basis of outputs to deal with online set point variations. FLC gives closer results to Standard Test Conditions when compared with PID. The Fuzzy system developed, using tested membership functions serve as a platform for sustainable standalone and grid-based applications using distributed MPPT. With an increase of Green Technology applications, Photovoltaic have emerged as the most appropriate solution for electricity generation purposes. However, due to variable temperature and irradiance, under the partial or shaded conditions Maximum Power Point Tracking is needed to determine highest efficiency of the system. The paper describes dynamic modeling and control of variable temperature and irradiance on solar panel in SIMULINK-MATLAB environment. The implementation of Buck Converter is used for power switching and impedance matching on connecting the panel to the load. The effectiveness of the model, with enhanced efficiency through voltage stabilization, is performed using Proportional-Integral-Derivative and Fuzzy-Logic-Controllers. A comparative study is made for PID and FLC on the basis of outputs to deal with online set point variations. FLC gives closer results to Standard Test Conditions when compared with PID. The Fuzzy system developed, using tested membership functions serve as a platform for sustainable standalone and grid-based applications using distributed MPPT. <br />
Comparison Of Cascaded H-bridge Inverters for Harmonic Mitigation Considering Various Loads
Authors: Natarajan Suresh , Rajesh R. Samuel 
Published: March 2017

This paper compares the reduction of harmonics in various level cascaded H-bridge inverters. The switching angles for the cascaded H-bridge inverter were calculated by evolutionary optimization technique. Fourier analysis is used to determine the switching angles for the desired electrical parameters. Lower order harmonics such as third, fifth, seventh, ninth and eleventh order harmonics were taken into consideration to reduce the total harmonic distortion. Simulation was done for thirteen, fifteen and seventeen level cascaded H-bridge inverters using Matlab. Total harmonic distortion of voltage and current for R, RL and Motor load were analyzed.
New Strategy Control of Bidirectional Quazi Z Source Inverter with Batteries and Supercapacitors Energy Storage in Grid Connected Photovoltaic System
Authors: Seif eddine Boukebbous , Djallel Kerdoun 
Published: March 2017

In this paper, a control of bidirectional Quasi-Z-Source Inverter (qZSI) with energy storage (batteries and supercapacitors) for photovoltaic power generation systems is presented. The quasi-Z-source inverter (qZSI) provides an alternative for the conventional two stages DC-DC/DC-AC photovoltaic (PV) based inverter system. The batteries and supercapacitors are used for compensate the necessitate power occurred in internal or external system parameters circumstances. The main objective of this study is to propose a suitable active and reactive power control for injecting or recovering the power between the electrical grid and PV system (batteries). For adjust the problem of rapid variation of climatic and the power grid conditions, the supercapacitors are controlled with buck-boost converter. Many simulation results obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK in different rigorous situations show the performance of the proposed system.
E-selectin inhibition with GMI-1271 decreases venous thrombosis without profoundly affecting tail vein bleeding in a mouse model
Authors: Culmer Dorian L. , Dunbar Misha L. , Hawley Angela E. , Sood Suman , Sigler Robert E. , Henke Peter K. , Wakefield Thomas W. , Magnani John L. , Myers Daniel D. 
Published: March 2017

SummarySelectins, such as E-selectin (CD62E), function in venous thrombosis by binding and activating immune cells to initiate the coagulation cascade. GMI-1271 is a small molecule antagonist that inhibits E-selectin activity. Here we determine whether inhibition of E-selectin is sufficient to decrease acute venous thrombosis and associated inflammatory events in both prophylactic and treatment protocols without significantly affecting haemostasis. Male C57BL/6 mice underwent surgery for experimental thrombosis induction and were harvested at peak thrombus formation in our animal model, two days post induction. Groups included non-thrombosed true controls, shams, controls, and prophylactic or treatment groups of GMI-1271 (10 mg/kg intraperitoneal BID (twice a day) and low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH, Lovenox 6 mg/kg subcutaneously (SC), once a day (SID). Compared with control animals, prophylaxis or treatment with LMWH and GMI-1271 in a dose-dependent manner significantly decreased thrombosis. GMI-1271 significantly lowered tail bleeding times when compared to LMWH. GMI-1271 and LMWH prophylactically administered significantly decreased vein wall neutrophil cell extravasation. However, all treatment and prophylactic therapies significantly decreased vein wall monocyte extravasation versus controls. GMI-1271 prophylactic therapy significantly decreased intra-thrombus cell counts versus control animals and other treatment groups. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that both treatments with GMI-1271 and LMWH significantly decreased activated leukocyte migration. GMI-1271 therapy significantly decreased thrombus weight and resulted in significantly lower bleeding times than LMWH. GMI-1271 treated mice showed decreased local and systemic inflammatory effects while modulating neutrophil activation, suggesting that GMI-1271 is a viable therapeutic candidate for venous thrombosis prophylaxis and treatment.
Prognostic Impact of In‐Hospital and Postdischarge Heart Failure in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Nationwide Analysis Using Data From the Cardiovascular Disease in Norway (CVDNOR) Project
Authors: Sulo Gerhard , Igland Jannicke , Nygård Ottar , Vollset Stein Emil , Ebbing Marta , Poulter Neil , Egeland Grace M. , Cerqueira Charlotte , Jørgensen Torben , Tell Grethe S. 
Published: March 2017

Background

Heart failure (
HF
) is a serious complication of acute myocardial infarction (
AMI
). We explored the excess mortality associated with
HF
as an early or late complication of
AMI
and describe changes over time in such excess mortality.

Methods and Results

All patients hospitalized with an incident
AMI
and without history of prior
HF
hospitalization were followed up to 1 year after
AMI
discharge for episodes of
HF
. New
HF
episodes were classified as

in‐hospital
HF

if diagnosed during the
AMI
hospitalization or

postdischarge
HF

if diagnosed within 1 year after discharge from the incident
AMI
. Logistic and Cox regression models were used to explore the excess mortality associated with
HF
categories. Changes over time in the excess mortality were assessed by testing the interaction between
HF
status and study year. In‐hospital
HF
increased in‐hospital mortality 1.79 times (odds ratio [OR], 1.79; 95%
CI
: 1.68–1.91). The excess mortality associated with
HF
increased by 4.3 times from 2001 to 2009 (
P
interaction<0.001) as a consequence of a greater decline of in‐hospital mortality among
AMI
patients without (9% per year) compared to those with in‐hospital
HF
(3% per year). Postdischarge
HF
increased all‐cause and
CVD
mortality 5.98 times (hazard ratio, 5.98; 95%
CI
: 5.39–6.64) and 7.93 times (subhazard ratio, 7.93; 95%
CI
: 6.84 –9.19), respectively. The relative excess 1‐year mortality associated with
HF
did not change significantly over time.

Conclusions

Development of
HF
—either as an early or late complication of
AMI
—has a negative impact on patients' survival. Changes in the excess mortality associated with
HF
are driven by modest improvements in survival among
AMI
patients with
HF
as compared to those without
HF
.
Effects of Boundary Layer Vertical Mixing on the Evolution of Hurricanes over Land
Authors: Zhang Feimin , Pu Zhaoxia , Wang Chenghai 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
After a hurricane makes landfall, its evolution is strongly influenced by its interaction with the planetary boundary layer (PBL) over land. In this study, a series of numerical experiments are performed to examine the effects of boundary layer vertical mixing on hurricane simulations over land using a research version of the NCEP Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) Model with three landfalling hurricane cases. It is found that vertical mixing in the PBL has a strong influence on the simulated hurricane evolution. Specifically, strong vertical mixing has a positive impact on numerical simulations of hurricanes over land, with better track, intensity, synoptic flow, and precipitation simulations. In contrast, weak vertical mixing leads to the strong hurricanes over land. Diagnoses of the thermodynamic and dynamic structures of hurricane vortices further suggest that the strong vertical mixing in the PBL could cause a decrease in the vertical wind shear and an increase in the vertical gradient of virtual potential temperature. As a consequence, these changes destroy the turbulence kinetic energy in the hurricane boundary layer and thus stabilize the hurricane boundary layer and limit its maintenance over land.
Long-term quality of life and postthrombotic syndrome in women after an episode of venous thromboembolism
Authors: Ljungqvist Maria , Holmström Margareta , Kieler Helle , Lärfars Gerd 
Published: March 2017

Objectives To evaluate health-related quality of life after venous thromboembolism. Methods We conducted a cohort study, TEHS follow-up, including 1040 women with a first episode of venous thromboembolism and 994 women unexposed to venous thromboembolism. Patients were recruited from the “Thrombo Embolism Hormonal Study” (TEHS), a Swedish nation-wide case–control study on risk factors for venous thromboembolism in women 18–64 years of age. Quality of life was measured using SF-36 and VEINES-QoL/VEINES-Sym. Results On average there were no difference in mean SF-36 summary scales scores between exposed and unexposed women. Twenty percent of exposed women developed postthrombotic syndrome during follow-up. Women with postthrombotic syndrome had severely impaired quality of life with lower scores on all scales. Other predictors of low quality of life after venous thromboembolism were age, obesity, physical inactivity, and recurrent venous thromboembolism. Conclusion Long-term quality of life after venous thromboembolism in women was severely impaired among those developing postthrombotic syndrome, while quality of life in women not developing postthrombotic syndrome was similar to a control population.
Naringenin improves the healing process of thermally-induced skin damage in rats
Authors: Al-Roujayee Abdulaziz S. 
Published: March 2017

Objective To evaluate the effect of the phenolic compound naringenin on thermal burn-induced inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in rats. Methods First degree thermal burn injuries were induced in shaved rats by 10 s immersion of the back surface in water at 90℃. Naringenin treatment (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day) was initiated 24 h following burn injury, and continued for 7 days. On treatment day 7, serum tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG)E2, caspase-3, leukotriene (LT)-B4 and nuclear factor (NF)-κB levels were quantified. Skin sample glutathione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels, and catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, were also measured. Results Serum inflammatory biomarkers were significantly increased in thermal-burn injured rats versus uninjured controls. Naringenin significantly inhibited the increased proinflammatory markers at day 7 of treatment. Increased TBARS levels and decreased GSH levels in wounded skin were significantly restored by naringenin treatment at day 7. SOD, catalase, GPx and GST activities were markedly inhibited in wounded skin tissues, and were significantly increased in naringenin-treated rats. Conclusion Naringenin treatment showed anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in rats with thermal burn-induced injury.