bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disparities in the use of screening magnetic resonance imaging of the breast in community practice by race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status
Authors: Haas Jennifer S. , Hill Deirdre A. , Wellman Robert D. , Hubbard Rebecca A. , Lee Christoph I. , Wernli Karen J. , Stout Natasha K. , Tosteson Anna N.A. , Henderson Louise M. , Alford‐Teaster Jennifer A. , Onega Tracy L. 
Published: December 2015

BACKGROUNDUptake of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) coupled with breast cancer risk assessment offers the opportunity to tailor the benefits and harms of screening strategies for women with differing cancer risks. Despite the potential benefits, there is also concern for worsening population‐based health disparities.METHODSAmong 316,172 women aged 35 to 69 years from 5 Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium registries (2007‐2012), the authors examined 617,723 negative screening mammograms and 1047 screening MRIs. They examined the relative risks (RRs) of MRI use by women with a <20% lifetime breast cancer risk and RR in the absence of MRI use by women with a ≥20% lifetime risk.RESULTSAmong women with a <20% lifetime risk of breast cancer, non‐Hispanic white women were found to be 62% more likely than nonwhite women to undergo an MRI (95% confidence interval, 1.32‐1.98). Of these women, those with an educational level of some college or technical school were 43% more likely and those who had at least a college degree were 132% more likely to receive an MRI compared with those with a high school education or less. Among women with a ≥20% lifetime risk, there was no statistically significant difference noted with regard to the use of screening MRI by race or ethnicity, but high‐risk women with a high school education or less were less likely to undergo screening MRI than women who had graduated from college (RR, 0.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.25‐0.63).CONCLUSIONSUptake of screening MRI of the breast into clinical practice has the potential to worsen population‐based health disparities. Policies beyond health insurance coverage should ensure that the use of this screening modality reflects evidence‐based guidelines. Cancer 2016;122:611–617. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Oncolytic reovirus in combination with chemotherapy in metastatic or recurrent non–small cell lung cancer patients with KRAS‐activated tumors
Authors: Villalona‐Calero Miguel A. , Lam Elaine , Otterson Gregory A. , Zhao Weiqiang , Timmons Matthew , Subramaniam Deepa , Hade Erinn M. , Gill George M. , Coffey Matthew , Selvaggi Giovanni , Bertino Erin , Chao Bo , Knopp Michael V. 
Published: December 2015

BACKGROUNDThe type 3 Dearing reovirus (Reolysin) is a naturally occurring virus that preferentially infects and causes oncolysis in tumor cells with a Ras‐activated pathway. It induces host immunity and cell cycle arrest and acts synergistically with cytotoxic agents.METHODSThis study evaluated Reolysin combined with paclitaxel and carboplatin in patients with metastatic/recurrent KRAS‐mutated or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–mutated/amplified non–small cell lung cancer.RESULTSThirty‐seven patients were treated. Molecular alterations included 20 KRAS mutations, 10 EGFR amplifications, 3 EGFR mutations, and 4 BRAF‐V600E mutations. In total, 242 cycles (median, 4; range, 1‐47) were completed. The initial doses were area under the curve (AUC) 6 mg/mL/min for carboplatin, 200 mg/m2 for paclitaxel on day 1, and 3 × 1010 50% tissue culture infective dose for Reolysin on days 1 to 5 of each 21‐day cycle. Because of diarrhea and febrile neutropenia (in the first 2 patients), subsequent doses were reduced to 175 mg/m2 for paclitaxel and AUC 5 mg/mL/min for carboplatin. Toxicities included fatigue, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, neutropenia, arthralgia/myalgia, anorexia, and electrolyte abnormalities. Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.0 responses included the following: partial response for 11 patients, stable disease (SD) for 20 patients, progressive disease for 4 patients, and not evaluable for 2 patients (objective response rate, 31%; 90% 1‐sided lower confidence interval, 21%). Four SD patients had >40% positron emission tomography standardized uptake value reductions. The median progression‐free survival, median overall survival, and 12‐month overall survival rate were 4 months, 13.1 months, and 57%, respectively. Seven patients were alive after a median follow‐up of 34.2 months; they included 2 patients without disease progression at 37 and 50 months.CONCLUSIONSReolysin in combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin was well tolerated. The observed response rate suggests a benefit of the reovirus for chemotherapy. A follow‐up randomized study is recommended. The proportion of patients surviving longer than 2 years (30%) suggests a second/third‐line treatment effect or possibly the triggering of an immune response after tumor reovirus infiltration. Cancer 2016;122:875–83. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
SARC009: Phase 2 study of dasatinib in patients with previously treated, high‐grade, advanced sarcoma
Authors: Schuetze Scott M. , Wathen J. Kyle , Lucas David R. , Choy Edwin , Samuels Brian L. , Staddon Arthur P. , Ganjoo Kristen N. , von Mehren Margaret , Chow Warren A. , Loeb David M. , Tawbi Hussein A. , Rushing Daniel A. , Patel Shreyaskumar R. , Thomas Dafydd G. , Chugh Rashmi , Reinke Denise K. , Baker Laurence H. 
Published: December 2015

BACKGROUNDDasatinib exhibited activity in preclinical models of sarcoma. The Sarcoma Alliance for Research through Collaboration (SARC) conducted a multicenter, phase 2 trial of dasatinib in patients with advanced sarcoma.METHODSPatients received dasatinib twice daily. The primary objective was to estimate the clinical benefit rate (CBR) (complete response or partial response within 6 months or stable disease duration of ≥6 months) with a target of ≥25%. Patients were enrolled into 1 of 7 different cohorts and assessed by imaging every 8 weeks using Choi criteria tumor response and a Bayesian hierarchical design. For each subtype, enrollment was stopped after a minimum of 9 patients were treated if there was a <1% chance the CBR was ≥25%.RESULTSA total of 200 patients were enrolled. Accrual was stopped early in 5 cohorts because of low CBR. The leiomyosarcoma (LMS) and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) cohorts fully accrued and 6 of 47 and 8 of 42 evaluable patients, respectively, exhibited clinical benefit. The probability that the CBR was ≥25% in the LMS and UPS cohorts was 0.008 and 0.10, respectively. The median progression‐free survival ranged from 0.9 months in patients with rhabdomyosarcoma to 2.2 months in patients with LMS. The median overall survival was 8.6 months. The most frequent adverse events were constitutional, gastrointestinal, and respiratory, and 36% of patients required dose reduction for toxicity. Serious adverse events attributed to therapy occurred in 11% of patients.CONCLUSIONSDasatinib may have activity in patients with UPS but is inactive as a single agent in the other sarcoma subtypes included herein. The Bayesian design allowed for the early termination of accrual in 5 subtypes because of lack of drug activity. Cancer 2016;122:868–74. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
Maternal dietary fat intake during pregnancy is associated with infant temperament
Authors: Gustafsson Hanna C. , Kuzava Sierra E. , Werner Elizabeth A. , Monk Catherine 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTResearch with rodents and nonhuman primates suggests that maternal prenatal dietary fat intake is associated with offspring behavioral functioning indicative of risk for psychopathology. The extent to which these findings extend to humans remains unknown. The current study administered the Automated Self‐Administered 24 hr Dietary Recall Questionnaire three times in pregnancy (n = 48) to examine women's dietary fat intake in relation to infant temperament assessed using the Infant Behavior Questionnaire at 4‐months old. The amount of saturated fat that the mother consumed was considered as a moderator of the association between total fat intake and child temperament. Results from a series of multiple linear regressions indicate that greater total fat intake was associated with poorer infant regulation and lower surgency. However, this second effect was moderated by maternal saturated fat intake, such that total fat intake was only related to infant surgency when mothers consumed above the daily recommended allowance of saturated fat. Under conditions of high total fat and high saturated fat, infants were rated as lower on surgency; under conditions of low total fat yet high saturated fat, infants were rated as higher on surgency. There were no associations between maternal prenatal fat intake and infant negative reactivity. These findings provide preliminary evidence that pregnant women's dietary fat intake is associated with infants’ behavioral development, though future research is needed to address this report's limitations: a relatively small sample size, the use of self‐report measures, and a lack of consideration of maternal and infant postnatal diet. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 58: 528–535, 2016.
Critical issues with cryogenic extraction of soil water for stable isotope analysis
Authors: Orlowski Natalie , Breuer Lutz , McDonnell Jeffrey J. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractCryogenic water extraction is the most widely used method to facilitate the laboratory removal of soil pore water for isotopic analysis. However, recent studies have suggested that cryogenic extraction conditions (extraction time, temperature, vacuum threshold) and physicochemical soil properties can influence extracted water isotopic signatures. Here, we argue that new work is needed to analyse the full extent of these effects on the extracted water isotopic composition. We illustrate this need with a simple lab experiment and show that in addition to extraction times, soil organic matter and its exchangeable bonded hydrogen fraction influence the resulting isotope composition. We hope these comments stimulate discussion on the assumptions and limitations of cryogenic extraction for soil water and lead ultimately to a standardization of testing approaches. © 2016 The Authors. Ecohydrology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Interaction between ultraviolet B‐induced cutaneous hyperalgesia and nerve growth factor‐induced muscle hyperalgesia
Authors: Lo Vecchio S. , Petersen L.J. , Finocchietti S. , Gazerani P. , Christensen S.W. , Arendt‐Nielsen L. , Graven‐Nielsen T. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgrounds and objectivesClinical observations indicate that cutaneous hyperalgesia may arise from pain located in deep structures. The objective of this study was to investigate whether combined sensitization of deep and superficial somatic tissues facilitates skin hyperalgesia.MethodsThe interaction between muscle and cutaneous hyperalgesia was investigated in 16 healthy volunteers. Skin sensitization was induced unilaterally on the same randomly selected part of the body by ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation above the upper trapezius and low back muscles. The next day, muscle hyperalgesia was induced bilaterally in low back muscles by injections of nerve growth factor (NGF). Thus, 1 day after irradiation there was skin sensitization, whereas after 2 days both skin and muscle sensitizations were present. Cutaneous blood flow, pin‐prick thresholds, pressure pain thresholds (PPTs), temporal summation to repetitive painful pressure stimulation, and stimulus–response functions of graded pressure stimulations and pain intensity were assessed within the irradiated skin area and in the surrounding area before and 1, 2 and 3 days after irradiation.ResultsComparing baseline with 1 day after irradiation, UVB and UVB+NGF locations demonstrated: (1) Increased superficial blood flow inside the irradiated area (p < 0.01); (2) Reduced pin‐prick (p < 0.01) and PPTs (p < 0.05) within the irradiated area and in the surrounding area; (3) Left‐shifted pressure stimulus–response function within the irradiated area (p < 0.01); (4) Facilitated temporal summation inside the irradiated area (p < 0.01).ConclusionsUsing skin and deep tissue pain sensitization models simultaneously, no significant synergistic effects were found within the 3‐day investigation suggesting little integration between the two phenomena in this period.
K–Ar mineral ages and thermal history of magmatic and metamorphic Palaeoproterozoic units from the northern part of Kedougou Kenieba Inlier, West African Craton (Eastern Senegal)
Authors: Sagna Ibrahima , Quidelleur Xavier , Ndiaye François , Gillot Pierre‐Yves , Lefevre Jean‐Claude , Dioh Edmond 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe northern part of the Kedougou Kenieba Inlier (Eastern Senegal) is composed of Palaeoproterozoic volcano‐plutonic and volcano‐sediment areas cross‐cut by differentiated plutonic bodies of gabbroic to granitic composition. They are emplaced in an arc‐type environment and accreted during the Eburnean Orogeny. We present here new K–Ar ages obtained on several plutons from different mineralogical phases, each characterized by a different closure temperature for the K–Ar system. Ages from hornblende, between 2013 ± 29 and 2141 ± 30 Ma, constrain the cooling history of the magma bodies through the 550 °C isotherm. They are slightly younger than U–Pb ages previously obtained from the same units, attesting of a rapid cooling, tectonically controlled, of about 7 °C/Myr. Ages obtained on biotite minerals range from 1955 ± 28 to 1893 ± 27 Ma, suggesting that from 550 to 325 °C, cooling rate decreased to about 3 °C/Myr. Significantly younger ages ranging from 1704 ± 24 to 1615 ± 23 Ma have been obtained on plagioclase and microcline. They can be interpreted in terms of either a slow cooling with a rate of only 1 °C/Myr, from about 1.9 to 1.6 Ga, or either reflecting the occurrence of a rather limited thermal event younger than 1.7 Ga. Since no age younger than 2.0 Ga has previously been obtained for plutonic rocks from the early Birimian in the West African Craton, ages of 1.7–1.6 Ga obtained here from feldspars might be the first evidence for a regional re‐heating event having occurred in the East–North Kedougou Kenieba inlier. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of differentially expressed three novel transcript variants of mouse ARNT gene
Authors: Ishqi Hassan Mubarak , Ur Rehman Sayeed , Sarwar Tarique , Husain Mohammed Amir , Tabish Mohammad 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT/HIF1‐β) is an obligatory transcriptional partner of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α). It has a basic helix‐loop‐helix domain that belongs to period‐ARNT‐single‐minded (PAS) protein family. PAS proteins act as heterodimeric transcription factors with ARNT being master dimerization partner. The ARNT‐HIF‐1α complex is an important transcriptional regulator of the hypoxic response of the tumor cells. Previous studies have reported two transcript variants of the gene produced by alternative splicing in mouse. One transcript variant contains all 22 exons while the other variant lacks exon‐E5. In our study, using combinatorial approach comprising bioinformatics tools and molecular biology techniques involving RT‐PCR, semi‐nested PCR, sequencing and qPCR, we have identified three novel transcript variants of Arnt gene in mouse. All three new transcripts arise as a result of alternative splicing of newly identified exons with exon‐E2, replacing reported exon‐E1. These transcripts encode for three protein isofoms having different N‐termini. The expression of these transcripts was found to be different in different tissues of adult mice. In silico analysis of the upstream region of the new exons revealed three distinct promoter regions designated as PA, PB and PC present upstream of newly identified exons. These promoters possess potential signature sequences for common as well as different transcription factors suggesting complex regulation of Arnt gene. In silico post translational studies of the conceptually translated amino acid sequences of these transcripts show similarity in some of the properties while differ in others. The diversity at N‐termini of protein isoforms suggests the possibility of forming different complexes in different tissues and may also be important for unique interactions with partner molecules. © 2015 IUBMB Life, 68(2):122–135, 2016
Rhamnose‐coated superparamagnetic iron‐oxide nanoparticles: an evaluation of their in vitro cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and carcinogenicity
Authors: Paolini Alessandro , Guarch Constança Porredon , Ramos‐López David , de Lapuente Joaquín , Lascialfari Alessandro , Guari Yannick , Larionova Joulia , Long Jerome , Nano Rosanna 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTumor recurrence after the incomplete removal of a tumor mass inside brain tissue is the main reason that scientists are working to identify new strategies in brain oncologic therapy. In particular, in the treatment of the most malignant astrocytic tumor glioblastoma, the use of magnetic nanoparticles seems to be one of the most promising keys in overcoming this problem, namely by means of magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) treatment. However, the major unknown issue related to the use of nanoparticles is their toxicological behavior when they are in contact with biological tissues. In the present study, we investigated the interaction of glioblastoma and other tumor cell lines with superparamagnetic iron‐oxide nanoparticles covalently coated with a rhamnose derivative, using proper cytotoxic assays. In the present study, we focused our attention on different strategies of toxicity evaluation comparing different cytotoxicological approaches in order to identify the biological damages induced by the nanoparticles. The data show an intensive internalization process of rhamnose‐coated iron oxide nanoparticles by the cells, suggesting that rhamnose moiety is a promising biocompatible coating in favoring cells’ uptake. With regards to cytotoxicity, a 35% cell death at a maximum concentration, mainly as a result of mitochondrial damages, was found. This cytotoxic behavior, along with the high uptake ability, could facilitate the use of these rhamnose‐coated iron‐oxide nanoparticles for future MFH therapeutic treatments. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
History and trends of bioactive glass‐ceramics
Authors: Montazerian Maziar , Dutra Zanotto Edgar 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe interest around bioactive glass‐ceramics (GCs) has grown significantly over the last two decades due to their appropriate biochemical and mechanical properties. The intense research effort in this field has led to some new commercial products for biomedical applications. This review article begins with the basic concepts of GC processing and development via controlled heat treatments of monolithic pieces or sinter‐crystallization of powdered glasses. We then go on to describe the processing, properties, and applications of some commercial bioactive GCs and discuss selected valuable reported researches on several promising types of bioactive GCs. The article finishes with a section on open relevant research directions for bioactive GC development. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1231–1249, 2016.
Coupling Effect of Water and Proteoglycans on the In Situ Toughness of Bone
Authors: Wang Xiaodu , Xu Haoran , Huang Yehong , Gu Sumin , Jiang Jean X 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT

Proteoglycans (PGs) are one type of noncollagenous proteins in the extracellular matrix of bone that primarily contain a core protein and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). GAGs are highly polar and negatively charged, thus have a strong tendency to attract water molecules into the matrix. We hypothesized in this study that PGs in bone play a pivotal role in sustaining the toughness of the tissue only when water is present. To test the hypothesis, we used a novel nanoscratch test to measure the in situ toughness of human cadaveric bone treated with and without peptide-N-glycosidase F (PNGase F), an enzyme that specifically removes the N-linked oligosaccharides of GAGs from core proteins. Cortical bone specimens were prepared from the posterior aspect of mid-diaphyseal femurs of six (n = 6) male human donors between 51.5 ± 5.17 years old. Biochemical and histochemical assays were used to verify whether N-linked oligosaccharides were removed from bone matrix by PNGase F. By testing wet and dehydrated bone specimens, the coupling effect between water and PGs on the in situ toughness of bone was investigated. The two-way ANOVA analyses showed that removal of GAGs had significant effects on the in situ toughness of wet bone samples. In contrast, the removal of GAGs did not show significant effects on the toughness of dry bone. The results of this study, for the first time, suggest that GAGs play a pivotal role in the in situ toughness of bone only when water is present, and vice versa, water functions as a plasticizer in bone only when GAGs are present. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Downregulation of Microrna‐148a in Cancer‐Associated Fibroblasts from Oral Cancer Promotes Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion by Targeting Wnt10b
Authors: Min Anjie , Zhu Chao , Peng Shuping , Shuai Cijun , Sun Lu , Han Ying , Qian Yunmei , Gao Shan , Su Tong 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTIt is well established that crosstalk between cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and cancer cells plays a critical role in the occurrence and development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The molecular mechanisms underlying such interaction, however, remain far from clear. Accumulating data have indicated that microRNAs involved in tumor microenvironment, particularly in CAFs, contribute to the activation of fibroblasts and metastasis of cancer cells. Here, we showed that miR‐148a was downregulated in CAFs compared with normal fibroblasts isolated from clinical OSCC tissue. Investigation of miR‐148a function in fibroblasts demonstrated that overexpression of miR‐148a in CAFs significantly impaired the migration and invasion of oral carcinoma cells (SCC‐25) by directly targeting WNT10B. Taken together, these data suggested that miR‐148a might be a novel candidate target for the treatment of OSCC.
The Flame‐Retardant Tris(1,3‐dichloro‐2‐propyl) Phosphate Represses Androgen Signaling in Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Reers Alexandra R. , Eng Margaret L. , Williams Tony D. , Elliott John E. , Cox Michael E. , Beischlag Timothy V. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThe effects of six organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) tris(2‐butoxyethyl) phosphate, tris(2‐chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1‐chloro‐2‐propyl) phosphate, tris(methylphenyl) phosphate, tris(1,3‐dichloro‐2‐propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP), and triethyl phosphate on the activities of androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER), and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) were assessed in human prostate and endometrial cancer cells. OPFRs had no effect on ER or AhR target gene activation in ECC‐1 cells. The effect of TDCIPP on mRNA and protein accumulation of AR target genes was examined further. AR‐inducible gene and protein expression were significantly altered by TDCIPP exposure and repressed PSA levels in conditioned media of prostate cancer cells. We demonstrated that TDCIPP has no affinity for the AR ligand binding domain (AR‐LBD) and exerts its antiandrogenic effects in a noncompetitive fashion. Thus, the clinical relevance of TDCIPP exposure on prostate cancer detection and progression to a therapeutically refractile state ought to be investigated further.