bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microenvironment‐Responsive Injectable Conductive Hydrogel for Spinal Cord Injury Repair
Authors: Liu Qi , Wang Wanshun , Yang Haimei , Wang Yingjie , Shi Yingdi , Chen Youlin , Luo Dan , Guo Da , Lin Dingkun , Yue Kan , Li Xing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) represents a severe neurological condition often coupled with a drastic secondary inflammatory response, which further exacerbates the damage in most cases. Due to their unique electrical and mechanical compatibilities with the spinal cord, the utilization of conductive hydrogels through injection for SCI repair, particularly in scenarios involving non‐uniform and large gaps, has emerged as a promising approach. Herein, leveraging the acidic microenvironment characteristic of acute SCI sites, an injectable conductive hydrogel with pH‐responsive immunoregulation is engineered for SCI repair. Based on the dynamic Schiff base chemistry and covalent photo‐crosslinking, this composite hydrogel, composed of gelatin methacryloyl, oxidized dextran, and MoS2, exhibits adjustable mechanical and conductive properties, enabling a customized match with the natural spinal cord's attributes. Additionally, the incorporation of Wnt5a and its selective release in acidic conditions prompt the immediate suppression of inflammatory factors and enhances neural differentiation and regeneration. In the 2‐mm hemisection mouse SCI model, the optimized conductive hydrogel can effectively bridge the injury gap, establish nerve connections and signal, mitigate inflammatory response, and promoted recovery of mobility. This novel injectable conductive hydrogel system offers a promising advance in therapeutic materials for SCI repair.
3D Bioprinting of Thick Adipose Tissues with Integrated Vascular Hierarchies
Authors: Goldfracht Idit , Machour Majd , Michael Inbal , Bulatova Maria , Zavin Janette , Levenberg Shulamit 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEngineering functional, thick tissues with integrated vascular architectures is crucial for advancing regenerative medicine. This study applied a novel 3D bioprinting strategy to construct thick adipose tissues featuring complex, hierarchical vascular networks. Mature adipocytes and endothelial cells are encapsulated within a collagen matrix, with structural integrity and vascular functionality ensured through a combination of bioinks. An innovative approach is utilized to establish millimetric vascular channels that connect to microvascular networks, forming a fully perfusable, hierarchical vasculature throughout the 3D bioprinted tissue. The structural stability and endothelial functionality of the vascularized constructs are assessed under continuous flow. In‐vitro analyses confirmed the integrity of the vascular networks and demonstrated the functional characteristics of the printed mature adipose cells. Direct anastomosis of the bioprinted tissue to a rat femoral artery resulted in effective vascular integration and tissue viability, as evidenced by efficient blood perfusion and significant host vascular ingrowth within the implanted tissues. The findings highlighted the potential of the presented bioprinting technique in the development of fully functional, vascularized adipose tissues suitable for surgical reconstruction and regenerative medicine applications.
Enhanced Corrosion Resistance of Ag Electrode Through Ionized 2‐Mercaptobenzothiazole in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Li Yaohua , He Xilai , Zhu Ruiqi , Chen Xingyuan , Wang Tong , Pu Xingyu , Chen Hui , Cao Qi , Li Xuanhua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe utilization of Ag electrodes in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is prevalent; however, their inherent reactivity and corrosive characteristics toward perovskite materials often lead to significant stability concerns. Here, 1‐ethyl‐3‐methyl‐1h‐imidazolium 2‐mercaptobenzothiazole (EM) ionic liquid is designed and introduce it into the bathocuproine (BCP) barrier layer to mitigate the potential chemical corrosion of the Ag electrode by the perovskite layer. EM forms multiple interaction modes through the coordination of two types of bonds, C─N, C═N, and C─S, and chelation with Ag, resulting in the formation of a dense chemical anti‐corrosion layer on the Ag surface. By raising the Ag electrode's corrosion potential and decreasing its corrosion current, the occurrence of chemical reactions and corrosion of the Ag electrode by the perovskite layer is effectively suppressed. Additionally, the ionized EM optimizes the band structure and conductivity of BCP and enhances the electron transfer capability at the electron transport layer/Ag interface. The BCP:EM‐based inverted PSCs exhibit an efficiency of 25.11% and excellent stability. Under continuous operation at 45 °C and one sun illumination, the encapsulated device maintains 85.6% of its initial efficiency after 1000 h at the maximum power point.
Ultra‐Durable Solar‐Driven Seawater Electrolysis for Sustainable Hydrogen Production
Authors: Wang Zhaolong , Wu Ciwei , Wang Xiaolong , Xie Mingzhu , Li Yinfeng , Zhan Ziheng , Shuai Yong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIons in seawater hinder direct sewage electrolysis due to the extreme corrosion of Cl− to the anode and reaction of Mg2+ and Ca2+ on the cathode producing solid substances, which reduce the electrolytic efficiency. However, traditional desalination consuming fossil fuel with massive CO2 emissions threatens human survival. Therefore, zero‐carbon emission, ultra‐durable, large‐scale production of freshwater from seawater for water electrolysis is urgently needed. Herein, a multifunctional system for seawater is demonstrated electrolysis based on ultra‐durable solar desalination outdoors. The solar evaporators reach an evaporation flux of 1.88 kg m−2 h−1 with a photothermal conversion efficiency of solar energy as high as 91.3% with excellent ultra‐durable salt resistance even for saturated saltwater due to the Marangoni effects. Moreover, the condensation of pure water from solar desalination based on the evaporation system reaches 0.54 L m−2 h−1 outdoors, which is suitable for a 20 cm × 20 cm engineered electrode equipped with a Janus membrane powered by a solar panel to produce H2 outdoors. The ultrafast unidirectional transport of H2 bubbles enabled by Janus membranes can greatly improve the H2 production efficiency at a rate approaching 85 mL h−1 for continuous 24 h outdoors.
Catalyst Design and Engineering for CO2‐to‐Formic Acid Electrosynthesis for a Low‐Carbon Economy
Authors: Peramaiah Karthik , Yi Moyu , Dutta Indranil , Chatterjee Sudipta , Zhang Huabin , Lai Zhiping , Huang Kuo‐Wei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFormic acid (FA) has emerged as a promising candidate for hydrogen energy storage due to its favorable properties such as low toxicity, low flammability, and high volumetric hydrogen storage capacity under ambient conditions. Recent analyses have suggested that FA produced by electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction reaction (eCO2RR) using low‐carbon electricity exhibits lower fugitive hydrogen (H2) emissions and global warming potential (GWP) during the H2 carrier production, storage and transportation processes compared to those of other alternatives like methanol, methylcyclohexane, and ammonia. eCO2RR to FA can enable industrially relevant current densities without the need for high pressures, high temperatures, or auxiliary hydrogen sources. However, the widespread implementation of eCO2RR to FA is hindered by the requirement for highly stable and selective catalysts. Herein, the aim is to explore and evaluate the potential of catalyst engineering in designing stable and selective nanostructured catalysts that can facilitate economically viable production of FA.
All‐Epitaxial Self‐Assembly of Silicon Color Centers Confined Within Sub‐Nanometer Thin Layers Using Ultra‐Low Temperature Epitaxy
Authors: Aberl Johannes , Navarrete Enrique Prado , Karaman Merve , Enriquez Diego Haya , Wilflingseder Christoph , Salomon Andreas , Primetzhofer Daniel , Schubert Markus Andreas , Capellini Giovanni , Fromherz Thomas , Deák Peter , Udvarhelyi Péter , Li Song , Gali Ádám , Brehm Moritz 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSilicon‐based color‐centers (SiCCs) have recently emerged as quantum‐light sources that can be combined with telecom‐range Si Photonics platforms. Unfortunately, using conventional SiCC fabrication schemes, deterministic control over the vertical emitter position is impossible due to the stochastic nature of the required ion‐implantation(s). To overcome this bottleneck toward high‐yield integration, a radically innovative creation method is demonstrated for various SiCCs with excellent optical quality, solely relying on the epitaxial growth of Si and C‐doped Si at atypically‐low temperatures in an ultra‐clean growth environment. These telecom emitters can be confined within sub‐nm thick epilayers embedded within a highly crystalline Si matrix at arbitrary vertical positions. Tuning growth conditions and doping, different well‐known SiCC types can be selectively created, including W‐centers, T‐centers, G‐centers, and, especially, a so far unidentified derivative of the latter, introduced as G′‐center. The zero‐phonon emission from G′‐centers at ≈1300 nm can be conveniently tuned by the C‐concentration, leading to a systematic wavelength shift and linewidth narrowing toward low emitter densities, which makes both, the epitaxy‐based fabrication and the G′‐center particularly promising as integrable Si‐based single‐photon sources and spin‐photon interfaces.
Carbon Dots Infused 3D Printed Cephalopod Mimetic Bactericidal and Antioxidant Hydrogel for Uniaxial Mechano‐Fluorescent Tactile Sensor
Authors: Das Poushali , Ganguly Sayan , Marvi Parham Khoshbakht , Sherazee Masoomeh , Tang Xiaowu (Shirley) , Srinivasan Seshasai , Rajabzadeh Amin Reza 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCephalopods use stretchy skin and dynamic color‐tuning organs for visual communication and camouflage. Inspired by these natural mechanisms, a fluorescent biomaterial for deformation‐induced illumination and optical communication is proposed. This is the first report of 3D printed soft biomaterials infused with carbon dots hydrothermally derived from chitosan and benzalkonium chloride. These biomaterials exhibit a comprehensive array of properties, including significant uniaxial stretching, near‐instantaneous response to tactile stimuli and pH, UV resistance, antibacterial, antioxidant, noncytotoxicity, and highlighting their potential as mechano‐optical materials for biomedical applications. The hydrogel's durability is evaluated by cyclic stretching, folding, rolling, and twisting tests to ensure its integrity and good signal‐to‐noise ratio. The diffusion mechanism is determined by water imbibition kinetics, network parameters, and time‐dependent breathing. Overcoming the common limitations of short lifespans and complex manufacturing processes in existing soft hybrids, this work demonstrates a straightforward method to produce durable, energy‐independent, mechano‐optical hydrogel. Combined with investigations, molecular dynamic modeling is used to understand the interactions of hydrogel components.
Uniform Phase Permutation of Efficient Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Solar Cells via Binary Spacers and Single Crystal Coordination
Authors: Li Zijia , Gu Hao , Liu Xiaolong , Wang Haibin , Zhang Nan , Liao Jinfeng , Yu Dejian , Xie Xianqiang , Zhou Yibo , Fang Guojia , Chen Yiwang , Xia Junmin , Yang Shengchun , Liang Chao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract2D Ruddlesden‐Popper perovskites (RPPs) have attracted extensive attention in recent years due to their excellent environmental stability. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of RPP solar cells is much lower than that of 3D perovskite solar cells (PSCs), mainly attributed to their poor carrier transport performance and excessive heterogeneous phases. Herein, the binary spacers (n‐butylammonium, BA and benzamidine, PFA) are introduced to regulate the crystallization kinetics and n‐value phase distribution to form uniform phase permutation of RPP films. The study then incorporates n = 5 BA2MA4Pb5I16 memory single crystal to achieve ultrafast stepped‐type carrier transport from the low n‐value phases to the high n‐value phases in the high‐quality (BA0.75PFA0.25)2MA4Pb5I16 films. These binary spacers and single‐crystal‐assisted crystallization strategies produce high‐quality films, leading to fast carrier extraction and significant nonradiative recombination suppression. The resulting PSC presents a champion PCE of 21.15% with an impressive open circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.26 V, which is the record high efficiency and VOC for low n‐value RPP solar cells (n ≤ 5).
Absolutely Structural Disorder Boosting Bandwidth toward Full‐Spectrum White Light from Single Occupancy of Activator
Authors: Zhang Hongzhi , Li Hong , Li Junpeng , Liu Conglin , Jiang Hongming , Liu Yuxin , Wang Rui , Xie Jiyang , Hu Wanbiao , Zhu Jing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAchieving single‐phase full‐spectrum white light (SFWL) phosphors is a central goal in the optical field because they simplify white‐LEDs assembly and avoid long‐term color instability. Despite many approaches are developed, current SFWL phosphors still suffer from chromaticity drift due to inconsistent thermal quenching of multiple emitting centers. Herein, an absolutely structural disorder strategy is established to develop a single‐emitting center‐based SFWL phosphor. Precisely controlling the flux added induces a structural translation from the absolutely ordered Y0.75Ta0.25O1.75:Bi3+ to the absolutely disordered Y0.785Ta0.215O1.715:Bi3+, as directly identified by STEM‐HAADF analyses. Structural disorder enables Y0.785Ta0.215O1.715:Bi3+ to produce SFWL with the FWHM of 6194 cm−1 (175 nm) by employing a single activator site, a 1352 cm−1 increase compared to the cyan‐emitting Y0.75Ta0.25O1.75:Bi3+ despite Bi3+ occupies two lattice positions. This single‐emitting center‐based SFWL, coupled with minimal thermal expansion of the unit cell and inapparent spectral overlap of excitation and emission bands, ensure zero‐chromaticity shift with elevated temperature. A prototype white‐LEDs using Y0.785Ta0.215O1.715:Bi3+ as a single luminescent layer generates warm white light without perceptible CIE coordinates shift under various currents or after extremely long‐term continuous operation. This work highlights the potential of structural disorder in designing SFWL phosphors with exceptional color stability.
Enhancing Long Stability of Solid‐State Batteries Through High‐Energy Ball Milling‐Induced Decomposition of Sulfide‐Based Electrolyte to Sulfur
Authors: Qian Xitang , Lyu Yuxiang , Zhou Siyu , Qiu Yican , Sun Yan , Yuan Yuan , Shao Minhua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMetal sulfides are increasingly favored as cathode materials in all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) due to their high energy density, stability, affordability, and conductivity. Metal sulfides often exhibit capacities exceeding their theoretical limits, a phenomenon that remains not fully understood. In this study, it reveals that this phenomenon is primarily due to the sulfur decomposition from sulfide‐based electrolyte. By employing the high‐energy ball milling (HEBM) technique, the deposition of sulfide‐based electrolyte onto sulfur is intentionally promoted, resulting in higher charge capacities compared to the discharge capacities and surpass theoretical limits of metal sulfides. Using chromium sulfide (Cr2S3) as the active material, the sulfur decomposed from sulfide‐based electrolyte transforms into lithium sulfide (Li2S) after discharge, resulting in an increased capacity by ≈439.6 mAh g−1 and improved cycling stability. Consequently, it demonstrates a specific capacity surpassing 1200 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention of over 80% after 650 cycles, maintaining cycling stability for more than 1900 cycles and achieving a Coulombic efficiency exceeding 99.9%. This versatile HEBM approach enables the fabrication of ASSBs utilizing various transition metal sulfides, such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), niobium disulfide (NbS2), and iron disulfide (FeS2), all exhibiting over theoretical limited capacities and prolonged cycling capabilities.
The Combination of a Donor–Acceptor TADF and a MR‐TADF Emitting Core Results in Outstanding Electroluminescence Performance
Authors: Chen Dongyang , Wang Hui , Sun Dianming , Wu Sen , Wang Kai , Zhang Xiao‐Hong , Zysman‐Colman Eli 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHere the utility and potential of an emitter design are demonstrated, consisting of a narrowband‐emitting multiresonant thermally activated delayed fluorescent (MR‐TADF) core that is decorated with a suitably higher energy donor‐acceptor TADF moiety. Not only does this D–A TADF group offer additional channels for triplet exciton harvesting and confers faster reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) kinetics but it also acts as a steric shield, insulating the emissive MR‐TADF core from aggregation‐caused quenching. Two emitters, DtCzBN‐CNBT1 and DtCzBN‐CNBT2, demonstrate enhanced photophysical properties leading to outstanding performance of the organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). DtCzBN‐CNBT2, containing a D–A TADF moiety, has a faster kRISC (1.1 × 105 s−1) and higher photoluminescence quantum yield (ΦPL: 97%) compared to DtCzBN‐CNBT1 (0.2 × 105 s−1, ΦPL: 90%), which contains a D–A moiety that itself is not TADF. The sensitizer‐free OLEDs with DtCzBN‐CNBT2 achieve a record‐high maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 40.2% and showed milder efficiency roll‐off (EQE1000 of 20.7%) compared to the DtCzBN‐CNBT1‐based devices (EQEmax of 37.1% and EQE1000 of 11.9%).
3D Polymeric Lattice Microstructure‐Based Microneedle Array for Transdermal Electrochemical Biosensing
Authors: Dervisevic Muamer , Harberts Jann , Sánchez‐Salcedo Raquel , Voelcker Nicolas H. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMicroneedles (MNs) or microneedle arrays (MNAs) are critical components of minimally invasive devices comprised of a single or a series of micro‐scale projections. MNs can bypass the outermost layer of the skin and painlessly access microcirculation of the epidermis and dermis layers, attracting great interest in the development of personalized healthcare monitoring and diagnostic devices. However, MN technology has not yet reached its full potential since current micro‐ and nanofabrication methods do not address the need of fabricating MNs with complex surfaces to facilitate the development of clinically adequate devices. This work presents a new approach that combines 3D printing technology based on two‐photon polymerization with soft lithography for cost‐effective and time‐saving fabrication of complex MNAs. Specifically, this method relies on printing complex 3D objects efficiently replicated into polymeric substrates via soft lithography, resulting in a free‐standing polymeric lattice (PL) membrane that can be transferred onto gold‐coated MNs and used for electrochemical biosensing. This platform shows excellent electrochemical performance in detecting metabolite (glucose) and protein (insulin) biomarkers with a dynamic linear range sufficient for detecting biomarkers in healthy individuals and patients. The approach holds great potential for fabricating next‐generationMNs, including their transfer into clinically adequate devices.
Silver and Copper‐Catalyzed Cycloaddition Reactions of Isocyanide Esters
Authors: Doraghi Fatemeh , Baghershahi Parsa , Gilaninezhad Farzad , Darban Negar Mehdi Zadeh , Dastyafteh Navid , Noori Milad , Mahdavi Mohammad 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOwing to multiple reactive sites, such as an acidic α‐carbon and an isocyano group, isocyanide esters can successfully participate in the synthesis of various five‐ and six‐membered N‐heterocycles through the cycloaddition reactions under metal‐catalyzed systems. Considering the unique and versatile functionality of this synthon, in this review, we have highlighted silver and copper‐catalyzed cycloadditions of isocyanide esters over the last decade.
On the Use of Recycled PVB to Develop Sustainable Separators for Greener Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Porporato Silvia , Darjazi Hamideh , Gastaldi Matteo , Piovano Alessandro , Perez Angelica , Yécora Beatriz , Fina Alberto , Meligrana Giuseppina , Elia Giuseppe A. , Gerbaldi Claudio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this work, sustainable Li‐based battery separators are prepared starting from a waste material from the glass industry, viz. polyvinyl butyral (PVB) widely used as a sacrificial interlayer in high impact‐resistant windows. First, polymeric membranes are prepared via the phase‐inversion method using commercial PVB as the backbone and 4,4′‐methylenebis(cyclohexylisocyanate) as a crosslinking agent. They are characterized from a physicochemical viewpoint by thermomechanical analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, and are successfully tested as separators in Li‐metal cells with LP30 electrolyte. Electrical and electrochemical properties are evaluated by impedance spectroscopy and galvanostatic cycling, providing comparable results with commercial Celgard 25 µm monolayer microporous polypropylene separator. As a proof‐of‐concept, for the first time, recycled PVB‐based polymer membranes from wasted car glasses are prepared, adjusting the synthesis protocol to account for the presence of plasticizers and contaminants. They show a dense elastomeric appearance and proved to be compatible with Li metal and stable upon 600 h of Li plating/stripping. The electrochemical window is compatible with the LiFePO4 cathode, as demonstrated by prolonged galvanostatic cycling (250 cycles) in laboratory‐scale cells. Preliminary results are highly encouraging and pave the way to developing novel separators for safe, low‐cost, and sustainable energy storage devices.
AI‐assisted Field Plate Design of GaN HEMT Device
Authors: Xiang Xiaofeng , Palash Rafid Hassan , Yagyu Eiji , Dunham Scott T. , Teo Koon Hoo , Chowdhury Nadim 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGaN High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) plays a vital role in high‐power and high‐frequency electronics. Meeting the demanding performance requirements of these devices without compromising reliability is a challenging endeavor. Field Plates are employed to redistribute the electric field, minimizing the risk of device failure, especially in high‐voltage operations. While machine learning is applied to GaN device design, its application to field plate structures, known for their geometric complexity, is limited. This study introduces a novel approach to streamlining the field plate design process. It transforms complex 2D field plate structures into a concise feature space, reducing data requirements. A machine learning‐assisted design framework is proposed to optimize field plate structures and perform inverse design. This approach is not exclusive to the design of GaN HEMTs and can be extended to various semiconductor devices with field plate structures. The framework combines technology computer‐aided design (TCAD), machine learning, and optimization, streamlining the design process.