bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glycogen synthase kinase‐3β activity plays a key role in the antitumor effect of nafamostat mesilate in pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Haruki Koichiro , Shiba Hiroaki , Shimada Yohta , Shirai Yoshihiro , Iwase Ryota , Fujiwara Yuki , Uwagawa Tadashi , Ohashi Toya , Yanaga Katsuhiko 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPancreatic cancer is often resistant to chemotherapy. We previously showed the efficacy of combination treatment using gemcitabine and nafamostat mesilate (FUT‐175) for patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. However, the mechanisms that affect the sensitivity of FUT‐175 are not fully understood. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the mechanism of the sensitivity to FUT‐175, with a focus on the activity of glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β). In vitro, we assessed sensitivity to FUT‐175 in human pancreatic cancer cell lines (PANC‐1 and MIAPaCa‐2) and difference of signaling in these cells by cell proliferation assay, Western blot analysis and microarray. Next, we assessed cell viability, apoptotic signal and nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) activity in response to treatment with FUT‐175 alone and in combination with GSK‐3 inhibitor or protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) by cell proliferation assay, Western blot analysis and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Phosphorylated GSK‐3β level was significantly higher in MIAPaCa‐2 (high sensitivity cell) than in PANC‐1 (low sensitivity cell). Cell viability and NF‐κB activity were significantly decreased by addition of GSK‐3 inhibitor to FUT‐175, and levels of cleaved caspase‐8 were increased by inhibition of GSK‐3. PP2A inhibitor increased the levels of phosphorylated GSK‐3β and sensitized both cell lines to FUT‐175 as measured by cell viability and apoptotic signal. The results indicate that GSK‐3β activity plays a key role in the antitumor effect of FUT‐175 in pancreatic cancer cells, and regulation of GSK‐3β by PP2A inhibition could be a novel therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer.
Graphene Growth by Conversion of Aromatic Self‐Assembled Monolayers
Authors: Turchanin Andrey 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDespite present diversity of graphene production methods there is still a high demand for improvement of the existing production schemes or development of new. Here a method is reviewed to produce graphene employing aromatic self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) as molecular precursors. This method is based on electron irradiation induced crosslinking of aromatic SAMs resulting in their conversion into carbon nanomembranes (CNMs) with high thermal stability and subsequent pyrolysis of CNMs into graphene in vacuum or in the inert atmosphere. Depending on the production conditions, such as chemical structure of molecular precursors, irradiation and annealing parameters, various properties of the produced graphene sheets including shape, crystallinity, thickness, optical properties and electric transport can be adjusted. The assembly of CNM/graphene van der Waals heterostructures opens a flexible route to non‐destructive chemical functionalization of graphene for a variety of applications in electronic and photonic devices.
CuO‐loaded hydrophobically modified chitosan as hybrid carrier for curcumin delivery and anticancer activity
Authors: Sriram Kamaraj , Maheswari Palanisamy Uma , Ezhilarasu Arasagounder , Begum Kadhar Mohamed Meera Sheriffa , Arthanareeswaran Gangasalam 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe hydrophobic modification of chitosan was performed by the incorporation of aromatic phendione to the amino group of chitosan to improve the hydrophobic drug encapsulation efficiency and anticancer activity. The phendione‐modified chitosan was coated with the copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles to obtain the hybrid material for the model drug (curcumin) delivery. The synthesized hybrid nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, thermogravimetric analysis, X‐ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The extent of phendione modification on chitosan, presence of CuO nanoparticles, drug encapsulation, and size and morphology of the prepared hybrid materials were observed by using the techniques mentioned. The drug release studies were performed on simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2) and simulated body fluid (pH 7.4) to analyze the release kinetics of curcumin from the chitosan and chitosan–phendione with CuO. The drug release was also monitored at different initial drug loading conditions. As the initial loading of drug decreased, the rate of drug release was also decreased. Mostly, the drug release followed a non‐Fickian, case II type transport mechanism. The drug‐loaded chitosan–phendione and chitosan with CuO nanoparticles were investigated for anticancer activities toward the cell lines M19‐MEL, MCF‐7, and HeLa. © 2017 Curtin University and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Controlled Synthesis of Hollow PbS‐TiO2 Hybrid Structures through an Ion Adsorption–Heating Process and their Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Xia Hongbo , Wu Suli , Zhang Shufen 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHollow hybrid nanostructures have received significant attention because of their unique structural features. This study reports a facile ion adsorption–heating method to fabricate hollow PbS‐TiO2 hybrid particles. In this method, the TiO2 spheres used as a substrate material to grow PbS are aggregates of many small amorphous TiO2 particles, and each small particle is covered with thioglycolic acid ligands through Ti4+–carboxyl coordination. When Pb2+ ions are added to a colloidal solution of these TiO2 spheres, these ions are adsorbed by sulfhydryl (‐SH) groups to form metal thiolates, and the C−S bond is dissociated by heating to release S2−. The S2− ions react with Pb2+ ions to form PbS without additive sulfur sources. Additionally, the amorphous TiO2 spheres are transformed into the anatase phase during the heating process. As a result, the crystallization of TiO2 spheres along with the formation of PbS is simultaneously carried out by heating. During the heating process, owing to the Kirkendall effect of S2− diffusion and the Ostwald ripening effect of the crystallization of amorphous TiO2 spheres, PbS‐TiO2 hollow hybrid structures can be obtained. The XRD and XPS characterizations proved the formation of anatase TiO2 and PbS. The TEM characterization confirmed the formation of hollow structures in the PbS‐TiO2 hybrid sample. The photocatalytic activity of the hollow PbS‐TiO2 hybrid spheres have been investigated for the degradation of Cr6+ under visible light. The results show that hollow PbS‐TiO2 hybrid spheres exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity, in which almost all the Cr6+ was degraded after 140 min.
Stochastic Stability and Stabilization of Singular It‐type Markovian Jump Systems with Uncertain Transition Rates: An LMI Approach
Authors: Jiang Baoping , Gao Cunchen , Kao Yonggui 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper investigates the stochastic stability and stabilization for a class of singular stochastic systems of Itô‐type with Markovian switching, the transition rates (TRs) in the jumping processes are uncertain. The aims are to establish sufficient conditions to ensure the considered system to be stochastically stable in the mean square sense, which is supported by a detailed proof of existence and uniqueness of the system solution, and to propose a controller such that the system can be stabilizable. The controller is first proposed and has advantage over traditional ones, the controller gain matrices are obtained by solving a strict linear matrix inequality (LMI). Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the validity of the obtained methodology.
Gastrointestinal symptoms in autism spectrum disorder: A review of the literature on ascertainment and prevalence
Authors: Holingue Calliope , Newill Carol , Lee Li‐Ching , Pasricha Pankaj J. , Daniele Fallin M. 
Published: August 2017

There is no standard approach to measuring GI symptoms in individuals with ASD, despite postulated interactions. The objectives of this study were to (a) describe the range of GI symptom ascertainment approaches in studies of ASD, (b) describe the range of prevalence estimates across studies, and (c) assess associations between ascertainment approach and prevalence estimates. Studies published from 1/1/1980 to 1/31/2017 were collected via PubMed. Eligibility included studies with at least ten individuals with ASD that measured GI symptoms or conditions. We excluded review and hypothesis papers. We extracted information on study design, GI symptom ascertainment method, demographics, and ASD diagnostic criteria. From a subset of studies, we extracted GI symptom estimates. Out of a possible 386 titles, 144 were included. The prevalence range for constipation was 4.3–45.5% (median 22%), for diarrhea was 2.3–75.6% (median 13.0%), and for any or more than one symptom was 4.2–96.8% (median 46.8%). GI symptoms differed significantly by age of individuals, primary goal of study, study design, study sample, and who reported symptoms (P < .05). Due to small sample size, we were not able to test for associations between every GI symptom and study characteristic of interest, or examine associations between GI symptoms and intellectual or verbal disability. Studies used a broad range of methods to ascertain GI symptoms in ASD. GI symptoms varied widely across these studies, with significant differences by study characteristics. Our findings highlight the need for a reliable, valid GI assessment tool to be used consistently across studies of ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 24–36. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryWe reviewed studies having to do with autism spectrum disorder and the gastrointestinal system, dating back to 1980. We found that the median prevalence of constipation was 22.2%, diarrhea 13.0%, and any symptom 46.8%. All symptoms had a wide range of estimates across studies. GI symptoms were associated with characteristics of the study, including who measured the GI symptoms. We call for the development of a reliable and valid GI questionnaire for studies of ASD.
Size of single‐wall carbon nanotube affects the folate receptor‐mediated cancer cell targeting
Authors: Charbgoo Fahimeh , Nikkhah Maryam , Behmanesh Mehrdad 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAdvances in nanobiotechnology and targeting strategy could improve the delivery of therapeutic molecules into cancer cells, leading to improved treatment efficiency with minimal side effects on normal cells. To design an efficient nanocarrier, consideration of parameters that facilitate direct drug delivery into the target cells is important. We studied the effect of single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) size on their cell internalization level via the folate receptor‐mediated pathway through folic acid targeting. Folate‐SWNTs were covalently synthesized and characterized. Folate‐SWNTs ≤ 450 nm had lower cell internalization level than folate‐SWNTs >450 nm with a P value of ≤0.01. This indicated that using folate‐SWNT with an average length of ≤450 nm was not suitable for receptor‐mediated cancer cell targeting. Receptor‐mediated uptake of folate‐SWNTs is dependent on the nanoparticle length. However, sub‐450 nm SWNTs could serve as a vehicle to transfer nucleic acids into the cells due to direct cell penetrance based on their needle‐like structure. We find that SWNTs larger than 450 nm were suitable to target the cells through receptors. These results might provide a promising approach for designing more effective targeted delivery systems based on SWNTs.
Rapid and sensitive colorimetric detection of ascorbic acid in food based on the intrinsic oxidase‐like activity of MnO2 nanosheets
Authors: He Liuying , Wang Feiyang , Chen Ying , Liu Yueying 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we report a colorimetric sensor for the rapid, selective detection of ascorbic acid (AA) in aqueous solutions. Single‐layered MnO2 nanosheets were established as an artificial oxidase; consequently colorless 3,3´,5,5´‐tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) was oxidized to a blue product (oxTMB), with increase in absorbance at 650 nm. The absorbance of the reaction system decreased after introduction AA, which reduced MnO2 into Mn2+. Under optimum conditions, a detection limit of 62.81 nM for AA in aqueous solutions could be achieved. The linear response range for AA was 0.25–30 μM with a correlation coefficient of 0.996. Importantly, the MnO2 nanosheet–TMB chromogenic reaction exhibited great selectivity as there was no interference from other metal ions, amino acids and small biological molecules. The proposed colorimetric sensing of AA could be applied for fruit, juice and pharmaceutical samples. Moreover, the proposed sensor showed satisfying performance, including low cost, easy preparation, rapid detection, and good biocompatibility.
Development and validation of a simple high‐performance liquid chromatography analytical method for simultaneous determination of phytosterols, cholesterol and squalene in parenteral lipid emulsions
Authors: Novak Ana , Gutiérrez‐Zamora Mercè , Domenech Lluís , Suñé‐Negre Josep M. , Miñarro Montserrat , García‐Montoya Encarna , Llop Josep M. , Ticó Josep R. , Pérez‐Lozano Pilar 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA simple analytical method for simultaneous determination of phytosterols, cholesterol and squalene in lipid emulsions was developed owing to increased interest in their clinical effects. Method development was based on commonly used stationary (C18, C8 and phenyl) and mobile phases (mixtures of acetonitrile, methanol and water) under isocratic conditions. Differences in stationary phases resulted in peak overlapping or coelution of different peaks. The best separation of all analyzed compounds was achieved on Zorbax Eclipse XDB C8 (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm; Agilent) and ACN–H2O–MeOH, 80:19.5:0.5 (v/v/v). In order to achieve a shorter time of analysis, the method was further optimized and gradient separation was established. The optimized analytical method was validated and tested for routine use in lipid emulsion analyses.
Multi‐DGAS: A pattern based educational framework design for power transformers faults interpretation and comparative performance analysis
Authors: Varan Metin , Yurtsever Ulaş 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTaking necessary measures in advance for early prediction of the transformer failures are very crucial. Dissolved gas in oil analysis (DGA) techniques that used in electrical power systems has become an internationally accepted standard in condition based maintenance (CBM) studies have high complexity and increasing demands of the quick‐service‐ready paradigm in power transformers. This standard includes the implementation steps of various complex DGA methods named basic gas, Rogers, Doernenburg, Duval triangle, and pentagon. Mentioned methods are quite complicated and their application steps are strict rules defined in detailed procedures. The adaptation of these methods to transformer maintenance procedures that prepared according to standards and tested for correctness creates a valuable tool. In this study, a pattern based educational framework has been designed to integrate state of arts DGA techniques help for trainers, graduate researchers working on DGA techniques, and also for maintenance teams while taking critical decisions on power transformers. Developed Multi‐DGAS educational framework is designed for modular construction that can be integrated with online condition monitoring and diagnostic systems for electric power systems. Success of the proposed framework revealed with newly proposed pentagon method in regard with comparison of classical methods by using oil samples which have been taken under the energized condition of different 135 transformers within multi‐phase which failure histories already known. Analysis of dissolved gases in transformer oil is performed according to ASTM‐D 3612 procedure using 3800 GC Varian gas chromatograph apparatus.
Site‐Specific Reactivity of Copper Chabazite Zeolites with Nitric Oxide, Ammonia, and Oxygen
Authors: Godiksen Anita , Isaksen Oliver L. , Rasmussen Søren B. , Vennestrøm Peter N. R. , Mossin Susanne 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn situ electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was applied to dilute copper chabazite (CHA) zeolites under gas flows relevant for the selective catalytic reduction of NO with ammonia (NH3‐SCR). Under both reducing and oxidizing conditions, we observed differences in reactivity between the different monomeric copper sites present: Upon reduction of Cu2+ with NO+NH3, the rate is seen to depend on the NH3 coverage. Subsequent oxidation with O2 resulted in a clean EPR spectrum of only one type of copper site, whereas oxidation with NO+O2 gave two types of copper sites. The rate of oxidation differed significantly between the reaction with O2 alone and with NO+O2 together. Thus, it was revealed that [Cu(NH3)2]+ complexes, which are regarded to be only weakly associated with the framework, nevertheless have different reactivity depending on the Al distribution in the proximity. The observed differences in reactivity of the copper sites have implications for the mechanistic understanding of NH3‐SCR with Cu zeolites.
Thermally‐Triggered Crystal Dynamics and Permanent Porosity in the First Heptatungstate‐Metalorganic Three‐Dimensional Hybrid Framework
Authors: Martín‐Caballero Jagoba , Artetxe Beñat , Reinoso Santiago , San Felices Leire , Castillo Oscar , Beobide Garikoitz , Vilas José Luis , Gutiérrez‐Zorrilla Juan M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe hybrid compound [{Cu(cyclam)}3(W7O24)]⋅15.5 H2O (1) (cyclam=1,4,8,11‐tetraaza‐cyclotetradecane) was synthesized by reacting the {Cu(cyclam)}2+ complex with a tungstate source in water at pH 8. Compound 1 exhibits an unprecedented three‐dimensional covalent structure built of heptatungstate clusters linked through metalorganic complexes in a POMOF‐like framework that displays water‐filled channels. This dynamic architecture undergoes two sequential single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal transformations upon thermal evacuation of water molecules to result in the partially dehydrated [{Cu(cyclam)}3(W7O24)]⋅12 H2O (2) and anhydrous [Cu(cyclam)]0.5[{Cu(cyclam)}2.5(W7O24)] (3) crystalline phases. These transitions are associated with cluster rotations and modifications in the CuII coordination geometries, which reduce the dimensionality of the original lattice to layered systems but preserving the porous nature. Phase 3 reverts to 2 upon exposure to ambient moisture, whereas the transition between 1 and 2 proved to be irreversible. The permanent microporosity of 3 was confirmed by gas sorption measurements (N2, CO2), which reveal a system of parallel channels made of wide cavities connected through narrow necks that limit the adsorption process. This observation is in good agreement with Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations.
Structural and functional differences in the barrel cortex of Mecp2 null mice
Authors: Lee Li‐Jen , Tsytsarev Vassiliy , Erzurumlu Reha S. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFunctional deficits in sensory systems are commonly noted in neurodevelopmental disorders, such as the Rett syndrome (RTT). Defects in methyl CpG binding protein gene (MECP2) largely accounts for RTT. Manipulations of the Mecp2 gene in mice provide useful models to probe into various aspects of brain development associated with the RTT. In this study, we focused on the somatosensory cortical phenotype in the Bird mouse model of RTT. We used voltage‐sensitive dye imaging to evaluate whisker sensory evoked activity in the barrel cortex of mice. We coupled this functional assay with morphological analyses in postnatal mice and investigated the dendritic differentiation of barrel neurons and individual thalamocortical axon (TCA) arbors that synapse with them. We show that in Mecp2‐deficient male mice, whisker‐evoked activity is roughly topographic but weak in the barrel cortex. At the morphological level, we find that TCA arbors fail to develop into discrete, concentrated patches in barrel hollows, and the complexity of the dendritic branches in layer IV spiny stellate neurons is reduced. Collectively, our results indicate significant structural and functional impairments in the barrel cortex of the Bird mouse line, a popular animal model for the RTT. Such structural and functional anomalies in the primary somatosensory cortex may underlie orofacial tactile sensitivity issues and sensorimotor stereotypies characteristic of RTT.
Exploiting GPU memory hierarchy for accelerating a specialized stencil computation
Authors: Balaiah Thanasekhar , Parthasarathi Ranjani 
Published: August 2017

SummaryStencil computations are an important class of problems that can benefit from graphics processing units (GPUs). However, given the hierarchical and on‐chip blocked memory organization in GPUs, the memory performance degrades for specific data access patterns in stencils. Hence, we need appropriate data layout to effectively use the different levels of the memory to harvest the full potential of GPUs. In this context, a specialized stencil computation problem, namely, Lattice Boltzmann Method, which has a complex neighborhood relationship along with loop carried dependence, is considered as a strong case study. Four different approaches for the lattice Boltzmann method have been developed in this work by exploiting memory hierarchy with new data layouts and kernel organizations. These methods have been developed with the primary aim of increasing the compute to global memory access ratio and reducing the overall read‐write latency, even at the expense of additional computations. NVIDIA GPUs TitanX, GTX 960, GTX 740Ti, and GTX 650Ti have been used to test the proposed techniques. The compute to global memory access ratio shows an improvement of 2 to 10 times over the naive solutions in this work. The performance, in terms of time taken per iteration, is improved by up to 3.7 times. The million lattice units per second for both 2DQ9 and 3DQ19 models improve by more than 2 times.
Information theoretic‐based detection and removal of slander and/or false‐praise attacks for robust trust management with Dempster‐Shafer combination of linguistic fuzzy terms
Authors: Esposito Christian , Castiglione Aniello , Palmieri Francesco 
Published: August 2017

SummaryCritical systems are progressively abandoning the traditional isolated and closed architectures, and adopting more federated solutions, in order to deal with orchestrated decision making within large‐scale infrastructures. Such an increasing connectivity and the possibility of dynamically integrate constituents in a seamless manner by means of a decoupling middleware solution are causing the flouring of novel and previously unseen security threats, such as internal attacks conducted by camouflaged and/or compromised federated systems. Trust management is the most efficient way for dealing with such attacks, so that each constituent computes a trust degree of the other interacting ones based on the direct experiences and of collected reputation scores. An adversary may negatively affect the overall process with false reputations, which must not be considered when estimating a trust degree. Our work combines a multi‐criteria linguistic fuzzy term formulation of the trust degree with the concept of entropy for measuring the divergence of certain scores from the other ones and to avoid to consider them during reputation aggregation. A set of experiments have been conducted in order to measure the quality and effectiveness of the presented approach.