bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to ibuprofen and other arylpropionic acid derivatives
Authors: Blanca‐López N. , Pérez‐Alzate D. , Andreu I. , Doña I. , Agúndez J. A. , García‐Martín E. , Salas M. , Miranda M. Á. , Torres M. J. , Cornejo‐García J. A. , Blanca M. , Canto G. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundAlthough ibuprofen and other arylpropionic acid derivatives (APs) are the most common medicines involved in hypersensitivity drug reactions (HDRs) to NSAIDs, no patient series studies have been performed regarding immediate selective reactions (SRs) to these drugs.ObjectiveTo characterize patients with immediate selective HDRs to ibuprofen and other APs through clinical history and challenge.MethodsSubjects who developed an HDR to APs less than 1 h after drug intake were included. Tolerance to aspirin was assessed and challenge was performed with ibuprofen in all cases, and additionally with the culprit drug (if different) in those patients that tolerated ibuprofen. Serum tryptase levels and tryptase immunohistochemical staining in skin biopsies were also assessed in some patients with a positive DPT to ibuprofen.ResultsFrom a total of 245 patients with a confirmed history of HDRs to APs, 17% were classified as selective immediate hypersensitivity reactors by both clinical history and challenge. A selective response to naproxen and dexketoprofen with tolerance to ibuprofen was found in 16 of 20 cases. Significant differences in serum tryptase levels were observed between 2 and 24 h in the 11 cases that were studied further.ConclusionsWithin the group of patients with HDRs to NSAIDs, APs can induce immediate SRs. Within this group, selective responses to a single drug or responders to several APs may exist, suggesting potential immunological cross‐reactivity.
Numerical modelling study of mechanisms of mid‐basin salt canopy evolution and their potential applications to the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Gradmann Sofie , Beaumont Christopher 
Published: February 2016

AbstractSalt canopies are present in many of the worldwide large salt basins and are key players in the basins' structural evolution as well as in the development of associated hydrocarbon systems. This study employs 2D finite‐element models which incorporate the dynamical interaction of viscous salt and frictional‐plastic sediments in a gravity‐spreading system. We investigate the general emplacement of salt canopies that form in the centre of a large, autochthonous salt basin. This is motivated by the potential application to a mid‐basin canopy in the NW Gulf of Mexico (GoM) that developed in the late Eocene. Three different salt expulsion and canopy formation concepts that have been proposed in the salt‐tectonic literature for the GoM are tested. Two of these mechanisms require pre‐existing diapirs as precursory structures. We include their evolution in the models to assure a continuous, smooth evolution of the salt‐sediment system. The most efficient canopy formation takes place under the squeezed diapir mechanism. Here, shortening of a region containing pre‐existing diapirs is absorbed by the salt (the weakest part of the system), which is then expelled onto the seafloor. The expulsion rollover mechanism, which evacuates salt from beneath evolving rollover structures and expels it both laterally and to the surface, was not successfully captured by the numerical models. No rollover structures developed and only minor amounts of allochthonous salt emerged to the seafloor. The breached anticline mechanism requires substantial shortening of salt‐cored, pre‐weakened folds such that the salt breaches the anticlines and is expelled to the seafloor. The amount of shortening may be too large to occur in the central part of a salt basin, but may explain canopy evolution closer to the distal end of the allochthonous salt. When applying the different concepts to the northwestern GoM, none of the models adequately describes the entire system, yet the squeezed diapir mechanism captures most structural features of the Eocene paleocanopy. It is nevertheless possible that different mechanisms have acted in combination or sequentially in the northwestern GoM.
Comparison of Antiepileptic Approaches in Treatment of Benzodiazepine Nonresponsive Status Epilepticus
Authors: Bachhuber Armin , Lasrich Maike , Halmer Ramona , Fassbender Klaus , Walter Silke 
Published: February 2016

SummaryAimsStatus epilepticus and seizure clusters are common neurological emergencies. The purpose of this monocentric, retrospective cohort study was to comparatively assess different antiepileptic approaches in the treatment of status epilepticus and seizure clusters, which were nonresponsive to benzodiazepines.MethodsWe reviewed medical records of 66 patients, who were treated for status epilepticus or seizure clusters in the Department of Neurology at the University of the Saarland between January 2007 and July 2012, and failed to respond to benzodiazepines with the equivalent dosage of at least 20 mg of diazepam. As endpoints, we analyzed both the effectiveness of lacosamide, levetiracetam, valproic acid, and phenytoin used as second‐ and third‐line therapy, and the Glasgow Outcome Scale at day 7.ResultsSixty‐one (92.4%) of the patients had status epilepticus, and 5 (7.6%) had seizure clusters. The compared drugs were equally effective in terminating seizures. There was also no significant difference in the Glasgow Outcome Scale (P = 0.60) after 7 days.ConclusionOur data support the use of the modern antiepileptic treatment strategies, such as levetiracetam, valproic acid, and lacosamide in the treatment of status epilepticus and seizure clusters.
A Nuclear Attack on Traumatic Brain Injury: Sequestration of Cell Death in the Nucleus
Authors: Tajiri Naoki , De La Peña Ike , Acosta Sandra A. , Kaneko Yuji , Tamir Sharon , Landesman Yosef , Carlson Robert , Shacham Sharon , Borlongan Cesar V. 
Published: February 2016

SummaryBackgroundExportin 1 (XPO1/CRM1) plays prominent roles in the regulation of nuclear protein export. Selective inhibitors of nuclear export (SINE) are small orally bioavailable molecules that serve as drug‐like inhibitors of XPO1, with potent anti‐cancer properties. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) presents with a secondary cell death characterized by neuroinflammation that is putatively regulated by nuclear receptors.Aims and ResultsHere, we report that the SINE compounds (KPT‐350 or KPT‐335) sequestered TBI‐induced neuroinflammation‐related proteins (NF‐kB, AKT, FOXP1) within the nucleus of cultured primary rat cortical neurons, which coincided with protection against TNF‐α (20 ng/mL)‐induced neurotoxicity as shown by at least 50% and 100% increments in preservation of cell viability and cellular enzymatic activity, respectively, compared to non‐treated neuronal cells (P's < 0.05). In parallel, using an in vivo controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of TBI, we demonstrate that adult Sprague‐Dawley rats treated post‐injury with SINE compounds exhibited significant reductions in TBI‐induced behavioral and histological deficits. Animals that received KPT‐350 orally starting at 2 h post‐TBI and once a day thereafter over the next 4 days exhibited significantly better motor coordination, and balance in the rotorod test and motor asymmetry test by 100–200% improvements, as early as 4 h after initial SINE compound injection that was sustained during subsequent KPT‐350 dosing, and throughout the 18‐day post‐TBI study period compared to vehicle treatment (P's < 0.05). Moreover, KPT‐350 reduced cortical core impact area and peri‐impact cell death compared to vehicle treatment (P's < 0.05).ConclusionsBoth in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that KPT‐350 increased XPO1, AKT, and FOXP1 nuclear expression and relegated NF‐kB expression within the neuronal nuclei. Altogether, these findings advance the utility of SINE compounds to stop trafficking of cell death proteins within the nucleus as an efficacious treatment for TBI.
Effect of Acupuncture on the Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease—A Review of Clinical Studies
Authors: Zeng Bai‐Yun , Zhao Kaicun 
Published: February 2016

SummaryParkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder. Parkinson's clinical feature is characterized by its motor manifestations, although its many nonmotor symptoms occur earlier and have more profound impact on the quality of patient's life. Acupuncture has been increasingly popular and has been used to treat patients with Parkinson's. In this article, we have studied the clinical reports of acupuncture treatment for Parkinson's, which were listed in Medline, PubMed,EMBASE,CNKI, andCINAHLdatabases in the past 15 years. It was found that acupuncture either manual or electroacupuncture stimulation at specific acupoints relieved some motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's and markedly improved many nonmotor symptoms such as psychiatric disorders, sleep problems, and gastrointestinal symptoms. When it was used as an adjunct for levodopa, acupuncture improved therapeutic efficacy and reduced dosage and the occurrence of side effects of levodopa. However, the results were constrained by small sample sizes, methodological flaws, and blinding methods of studies. Although the evidence for the effectiveness of acupuncture for treating Parkinson's is inconclusive, therapeutic potential of acupuncture seems quite promising. More studies, either comparative effectiveness research or high‐quality placebo‐controlled clinical studies are warranted.
CD49f promotes proliferation of male dairy goat germline stem cells
Authors: Zheng Liming , Zhu Haijing , Mu Hailong , Wu Jiang , Song Wencong , Zhai Yuanxin , Peng Sha , Li Guangpeng , Hua Jinlian 
Published: February 2016

AbstractObjectivesCD49f enhances multipotency and maintains stemness in embryonic stem cells (ESCs), however, whether it would be effective in mGSCs has remained unclear. Moreover, better standards for mGSC enrichment and purification are necessary. The present study was conducted to determine roles of CD49f in mGSC enrichment and regulation.Materials and methodsCD49f expression patterns were investigated in dairy goats. CD49f positive cells were purified and enriched using magnetic‐activated cell sorting (MACS), and characteristics of the cultured cells were assayed using alkaline phosphatase (AP) analysis, quantitative real‐time PCR (QRT‐PCR) and immunofluorescence analysis. Furthermore, the exogenous CD49f gene was transfected into mGSCs and its effects were analysed.ResultsCD49f was found to be conserved in both mRNA and amino acid sequences and that it was an efficient marker for dairy goat mGSC identification, enrichment and purification. CD49f positive cells expressed higher levels of mGSC‐specific markers, and proliferated faster than CD49f negative cells. Overexpression CD49f promoted proliferation of dairy goat mGSCs, and Oct4 expression was upregulated; histone H3‐lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) was reduced.ConclusionsTaken together, our data suggest that CD49f plays novel and dynamic roles in regulating maintenance of pluripotency in mGSCs via Oct4 crosstalk and histone methylation dynamics,which may provide new solutions for mGSCs stability in vitro.
Exploring the unknown: electrophysiological and behavioural measures of visuospatial learning
Authors: Quinlivan Brendan , Butler John S. , Ridwan Abdur Raquib , Beiser Ines , Williams Laura , McGovern Eavan , O'Riordan Sean , Hutchinson Michael , Reilly Richard B. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractVisuospatial memory describes our ability to temporarily store and manipulate visual and spatial information and is employed for a wide variety of complex cognitive tasks. Here, a visuospatial learning task requiring fine motor control is employed to investigate visuospatial learning in a group of typically developing adults. Electrophysiological and behavioural data are collected during a target location task under two experimental conditions: Target Learning and Target Cued. Movement times (MTs) are employed as a behavioural metric of performance, while dynamic P3b amplitudes and power in the alpha band (approximately 10 Hz) are explored as electrophysiological metrics during visuospatial learning. Results demonstrate that task performance, as measured by MT, is highly correlated with P3b amplitude and alpha power at a consecutive trial level (trials 1–30). The current set of results, in conjunction with the existing literature, suggests that changes in P3b amplitude and alpha power could correspond to different aspects of the learning process. Here it is hypothesized that changes in P3b correspond to a diminishing inter‐stimulus interval and reduced stimulus relevance, while the corresponding changes in alpha power represent an automation of response as habituation occurs in participants. The novel analysis presented in the current study demonstrates how gradual electrophysiological changes can be tracked during the visuospatial learning process under the current paradigm.
Reduction of diuretics and analysis of water and muscle volumes to prevent falls and fall‐related fractures in older adults
Authors: Okada Kosuke , Okada Masahiro , Kamada Nanao , Yamaguchi Yumiko , Kakehashi Masayuki , Sasaki Hidemi , Katoh Shigeko , Morita Katsuya 
Published: February 2016

AimIn an attempt to decrease the incidence of falls and fall‐related fractures at a special geriatric nursing home, we endeavored to reduce diuretic doses, and examined the relationship between the effectiveness of this approach with the body compositions and activities of daily living of the study cohort.MethodsWe enrolled 93 participants living in the community, 60 residents of an intermediate geriatric nursing home and 50 residents of the 100‐bed Kandayama Yasuragien special geriatric nursing home. We recorded body composition using a multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer. Daily loop diuretic and other diuretic regimens of those in the special geriatric nursing home were reduced or replaced with “NY‐mode” diuretic therapy, namely, spironolactone 12.5 mg orally once on alternate days.ResultsThe incidence of falls fell from 53 in 2011 to 29 in 2012, and there were no fall‐related proximal femoral fractures for 3 years after the introduction of NY‐mode diuretic therapy. We also found statistically significant differences in muscle and intracellular water volumes in our elderly participants: those with higher care requirements or lower levels of independence had lower muscle or water volumes.ConclusionsWe found that reducing or replacing daily diuretics with NY‐mode therapy appeared to reduce the incidence of falls and fall‐related proximal femoral fracture, likely by preserving intracellular and extracellular body water volumes. Low‐dose spironolactone (12.5 mg on alternate days) appears to be an effective means of treating elderly individuals with chronic heart failure or other edematous states, while preventing falls and fall‐related fractures. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 262–269.
Albumin expression distinguishes bile duct adenomas from metastatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Moy Andrea P , Arora Kshitij , Deshpande Vikram 
Published: February 2016

AimsBile duct adenomas may be difficult to distinguish from metastatic carcinomas, particularly well‐differentiated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Prior studies have evaluated the utility of various immunohistochemical markers, although these markers are notable for low sensitivity and/or specificity. The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of albumin and BRAFV600E expression in distinguishing between metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma and bile duct adenoma.Methods and resultsWe studied 26 bile duct adenomas, three bile duct hamartomas, and 158 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. Branched‐chain in‐situ hybridization (bISH) for albumin was performed; bISH is based on the branched DNA technology, wherein signal amplification is achieved via a series of sequential steps. Additionally, BRAFV600E immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on a subset of cases. Twenty‐three of 25 (92%) bile duct adenomas were positive for albumin; 18 (72%) showed diffuse staining, and five showed focal staining (20%), including two challenging examples. Two bile duct hamartomas also stained positively. All pancreatic adenocarcinomas were negative for albumin. Seven of 16 (44%) bile duct adenomas and five of 106 (5%) pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas were positive for BRAFV600E by IHC. The sensitivity and specificity of expression of albumin, as detected by bISH, for distinguishing bile duct adenomas from metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinomas were 92% and 100%, respectively; the sensitivity and specificity of BRAFV600E IHC for distinguishing bile duct adenomas from metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinomas were 43.8% and 95.3%, respectively.ConclusionsDiagnostically challenging examples of bile duct adenoma may be distinguished from metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma by the use of albumin bISH.
Diffuse Ventricular Fibrosis on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Associates With Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: McLELLAN ALEX J.A. , ELLIMS ANDRIS H. , PRABHU SANDEEP , VOSKOBOINIK ALEX , ILES LEAH M. , HARE JAMES L. , KAYE DAVID M. , MACCIOCCA IVAN , MARIANI JUSTIN A. , KALMAN JONATHAN M. , TAYLOR ANDREW J. , KISTLER PETER M. 
Published: February 2016

Diffuse Fibrosis Predicts Ventricular Arrhythmia in HCMIntroductionNon‐sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) is a risk factor for sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We aimed to assess whether diffuse ventricular fibrosis on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging could be a surrogate marker for ventricular arrhythmias in patients with HCM.MethodsA total of 100 patients with HCM (mean age 51 ± 13 years, septal wall thickness 20 ± 5 mm) underwent CMR with a 1.5 T scanner to determine the presence of ventricular late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) for focal fibrosis, and post‐contrast T1 mapping for diffuse ventricular fibrosis. The presence of NSVT was determined by Holter monitoring and a subset of high risk patients received an implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD).ResultsNSVT was detected in 23 of 100 patients with HCM. Focal ventricular fibrosis (by LGE) was observed in 87%, with no significant difference between patients with (96%) or without NSVT (86%, P = 0.19). However, LGE mass was greater in patients with (16.5 ± 19.1 g) versus without NSVT (7.6 ± 10.2 g, P < 0.01). NSVT was associated with a significant reduction in ventricular T1 relaxation time (422 ± 54 milliseconds) versus patients without NSVT (512 ± 115 milliseconds; P < 0.001). There was significant reduction in ventricular T1 relaxation time in patients with (430 ± 48 milliseconds) versus without aborted SCD (495 ± 113 milliseconds; P = 0.01) over a mean follow‐up of 40 ± 10 months. On multivariate analysis post‐contrast ventricular T1 relaxation time and septal wall thickness were the only predictors of NSVT.ConclusionPost‐contrast T1 relaxation time on CMR is associated with ventricular arrhythmias in patients with HCM. Diffuse ventricular fibrosis may be an important marker of arrhythmic risk in patients with HCM.
Effects of problem‐based learning in paediatric education in China: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Gao Xiaolin , Luo Shuanghong , Mu Dezhi , Xiong Ying , Guanjian Liu , Wan Chaomin 
Published: February 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficiency of Problem‐Based Learning (PBL) in paediatric education.MethodsThe research articles on the application of PBL to Chinese paediatric education published in from 1989 to 2014 in the Cochrane library, PubMed/MEDLINE, EBSCO (Elton B. Stephens Company Database), OVID (Ovid Technologies Database), Web of Science, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database), VIP (Wei Pu Database), WF (WanFang Database) and other databases were retrieved by two independent evaluators according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The heterogeneity of the retrieved data was analysed and a meta‐analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsThe articles were initially retrieved, and 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included for the meta‐analysis. The PBL group was significantly superior to the Lecture‐Based Learning (LBL) group for the paediatrics theoretical test score, case analysis score and overall student satisfaction, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).ConclusionsPBL is superior to LBL method for Chinese paediatric education.
The Dermal Apron Technique for Immediate Implant Socket Management: A Novel Technique
Authors: Levin Barry P. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWith immediate implant placement and provisionalization (IIP) in the esthetic zone, measures to counter hard and soft tissue loss are frequently necessary. To reduce the morbidity associated with bone and connective tissue procurement, various exogenous materials are utilized. The “Dermal Apron Technique” presented in this article demonstrates the use of a composite bone particulate (allograft/xenograft) plus a dermal allograft, adapted around screw‐retained temporary crowns and secured within a subperiosteal pouch. The purpose is to augment the thickness of peri‐implant mucosa for the purpose of preserving ridge dimensions and preventing mucosal recession. Controlled studies are required to further support its use.Clinical SignificanceSoft tissue health and harmony are critical for successful implant therapy in the esthetic regions of the dentition. Often, autogenous soft tissue grafts are used to augment peri‐implant soft tissues. The Dermal Apron Technique is a method, that in specific situations, obviates the need for autogenous grafting. This reduces treatment time and morbidity associated with procurement of these grafts. The Dermal Apron Technique is used simultaneous with immediate placement and provisionalization and can improve long‐term esthetic outcomes for patients.
The influence of status and the social environment on energy stores in a social fish
Authors: Hellmann J. K. , Ligocki I. Y. , O'Connor C. M. , Reddon A. R. , Farmer T. M. , Marsh‐Rollo S. E. , Balshine S. , Hamilton I. M. 
Published: February 2016

This study explores how muscle and liver energy stores are linked with social status and the social environment in Neolamprologus pulcher, a cooperatively breeding fish that lives in colonies comprised of up to 200 distinct social groups. Subordinate muscle energy stores were positively correlated with the number of neighbouring social groups in the colony, but this pattern was not observed in dominant N. pulcher. Furthermore, liver energy stores were smaller in dominants living at the edge of the colony compared with those living in the colony centre, with no differences among subordinates in liver energy stores. Subordinate N. pulcher may build up large energy stores in the muscles to fuel rapid growth after dispersal, which could occur more frequently in high‐density environments. Dominant N. pulcher may use the more easily mobilized energy stores in the liver to fuel daily activities, which could be more energetically demanding on the edge of the colony as a result of the increased predation defence needed on the edge. Overall, this study demonstrates that both subordinate and dominant physiology in N. pulcher varies with characteristics of the social environment. Furthermore, dominant and subordinate energy storage strategies appear to differ due to status‐dependent variation in daily activities and variation in the need to prepare for future reproductive or dispersal opportunities.