bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasensitive multiplex optical quantification of bacteria in large samples of biofluids
Authors: Pazos-Perez Nicolas , Pazos Elena , Catala Carme , Mir-Simon Bernat , Gómez-de Pedro Sara , Sagales Juan , Villanueva Carlos , Vila Jordi , Soriano Alex , García de Abajo F. Javier , Alvarez-Puebla Ramon A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractEfficient treatments in bacterial infections require the fast and accurate recognition of pathogens, with concentrations as low as one per milliliter in the case of septicemia. Detecting and quantifying bacteria in such low concentrations is challenging and typically demands cultures of large samples of blood (~1 milliliter) extending over 24–72 hours. This delay seriously compromises the health of patients. Here we demonstrate a fast microorganism optical detection system for the exhaustive identification and quantification of pathogens in volumes of biofluids with clinical relevance (~1 milliliter) in minutes. We drive each type of bacteria to accumulate antibody functionalized SERS-labelled silver nanoparticles. Particle aggregation on the bacteria membranes renders dense arrays of inter-particle gaps in which the Raman signal is exponentially amplified by several orders of magnitude relative to the dispersed particles. This enables a multiplex identification of the microorganisms through the molecule-specific spectral fingerprints.
Grazing effects on ecosystem CO2 fluxes differ among temperate steppe types in Eurasia
Authors: Hou Longyu , Liu Yan , Du Jiancai , Wang Mingya , Wang Hui , Mao Peisheng 
Published: July 2016

AbstractGrassland ecosystems play a critical role in regulating CO2 fluxes into and out of the Earth’s surface. Whereas previous studies have often addressed single fluxes of CO2 separately, few have addressed the relation among and controls of multiple CO2 sub-fluxes simultaneously. In this study, we examined the relation among and controls of individual CO2 fluxes (i.e., GEP, NEP, SR, ER, CR) in three contrasting temperate steppes of north China, as affected by livestock grazing. Our findings show that climatic controls of the seasonal patterns in CO2 fluxes were both individual flux- and steppe type-specific, with significant grazing impacts observed for canopy respiration only. In contrast, climatic controls of the annual patterns were only individual flux-specific, with minor grazing impacts on the individual fluxes. Grazing significantly reduced the mean annual soil respiration rate in the typical and desert steppes, but significantly enhanced both soil and canopy respiration in the meadow steppe. Our study suggests that a reassessment of the role of livestock grazing in regulating GHG exchanges is imperative in future studies.
Natural variation of root exudates in Arabidopsis thaliana-linking metabolomic and genomic data
Authors: Mönchgesang Susann , Strehmel Nadine , Schmidt Stephan , Westphal Lore , Taruttis Franziska , Müller Erik , Herklotz Siska , Neumann Steffen , Scheel Dierk 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMany metabolomics studies focus on aboveground parts of the plant, while metabolism within roots and the chemical composition of the rhizosphere, as influenced by exudation, are not deeply investigated. In this study, we analysed exudate metabolic patterns ofArabidopsis thalianaand their variation in genetically diverse accessions. For this project, we used the 19 parental accessions of the Arabidopsis MAGIC collection. Plants were grown in a hydroponic system, their exudates were harvested before bolting and subjected to UPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS analysis. Metabolite profiles were analysed together with the genome sequence information. Our study uncovered distinct metabolite profiles for root exudates of the 19 accessions. Hierarchical clustering revealed similarities in the exudate metabolite profiles, which were partly reflected by the genetic distances. An association of metabolite absence with nonsense mutations was detected for the biosynthetic pathways of an indolic glucosinolate hydrolysis product, a hydroxycinnamic acid amine and a flavonoid triglycoside. Consequently, a direct link between metabolic phenotype and genotype was detected without using segregating populations. Moreover, genomics can help to identify biosynthetic enzymes in metabolomics experiments. Our study elucidates the chemical composition of the rhizosphere and its natural variation inA. thaliana, which is important for the attraction and shaping of microbial communities.
The upper respiratory tract microbiome and its potential role in bovine respiratory disease and otitis media
Authors: Lima Svetlana F. , Teixeira Andre Gustavo V. , Higgins Catherine H. , Lima Fabio S. , Bicalho Rodrigo C. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe upper respiratory tract (URT) hosts a complex microbial community of commensal microorganisms and potential pathogens. Analyzing the composition and nature of the healthy URT microbiota and how it changes over time will contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of pneumonia and otitis. A longitudinal study was conducted including 174 Holstein calves that were divided in four groups: healthy calves, calves diagnosed with pneumonia, otitis or both diseases. Deep pharyngeal swabs were collected on days 3, 14, 28 and 35 of life and next-generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene as well as quantitative PCR was performed. The URT of Holstein dairy calves aged 3 to 35 days revealed to host a highly diverse bacterial community. The relative abundances of the bacterial genera Mannheimia, Moraxella and Mycoplasma were significantly higher in diseased versus healthy animals and the total bacterial load of newborn calves at day 3 was higher for animals that developed pneumonia than for healthy animals. Our results corroborate the existing knowledge that species of Mannheimia and Mycoplasma are important pathogens in pneumonia and otitis. Furthermore, they suggest that species of Moraxella can potentially cause the same disorders (pneumonia and otitis) and that high neonatal bacterial load is a key contributor to the development of pneumonia.
The Maternal Legacy: Female Identity Predicts Offspring Sex Ratio in the Loggerhead Sea Turtle
Authors: Reneker Jaymie L. , Kamel Stephanie J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn organisms with temperature-dependent sex determination, the incubation environment plays a key role in determining offspring sex ratios. Given that global temperatures have warmed approximately 0.6 °C in the last century, it is necessary to consider how organisms will adjust to climate change. To better understand the degree to which mothers influence the sex ratios of their offspring, we use 24 years of nesting data for individual female loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) observed on Bald Head Island, North Carolina. We find that maternal identity is the best predictor of nest sex ratio in univariate and multivariate predictive models. We find significant variability in estimated nest sex ratios among mothers, but a high degree of consistency within mothers, despite substantial spatial and temporal thermal variation. Our results suggest that individual differences in nesting preferences are the main driver behind divergences in nest sex ratios. As such, a female’s ability to plastically adjust her nest sex ratios in response to environmental conditions is constrained, potentially limiting how individuals behaviorally mitigate the effects of environmental change. Given that many loggerhead populations already show female-biased offspring sex ratios, understanding maternal behavioral responses is critical for predicting the future of long-lived species vulnerable to extinction.
The Development of Morphological Awareness in Young Bilinguals: Effects of Age and L1 Background
Authors: Lam Boji Pak-Wing , Sheng Li 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
Current understanding about the effect of first language (L1) background on morphological awareness (MA) development in those who are bilingual is largely limited to school-aged second-language learners. This study examined the development of MA in bilingual Mandarin–English (ManEngBi) and Spanish–English (SpaEngBi) children ages 4 to 7 years, whose L1 is predominated by compounding and derivation, respectively.

Method

We targeted specific word formation rules that develop within different developmental time frames. Forty-two ManEngBi, 30 SpaEngBi, and 27 English monolingual children divided into 4- to 5-year-old and 6- to 7-year-old age groups produced English words using compounding, the derivational agentive
–er
suffix, and the derivational characteristic
–y
suffix for both real and novel word roots.

Results

The characteristic
–y
suffix consistently elicited the poorest performance. This finding held true regardless of language group, age, or novelty of prompts. Both older SpaEngBi and English monolingual children outperformed older ManEngBi children in the characteristic
–y
suffix, whereas the three groups performed comparably on the other two rules at both age intervals. Error analysis further suggested influence of cross-linguistic features.

Conclusions
L1 influence on English MA development is sensitive to the developmental time frame of word formation rules. Future studies on the development of MA in bilingual children should adopt a more fine-grained approach and include a wider age range.
Minimal Hearing Loss: From a Failure-Based Approach to Evidence-Based Practice
Authors: Winiger Allison M. , Alexander Joshua M. , Diefendorf Allan O. 
Published: July 2016

PurposeA representative sample of the literature on minimal hearing loss (MHL) was reviewed to provide evidence of challenges faced by children with MHL and to establish the need for evidence-based options for early intervention.MethodResearch articles published from 1950 to 2013 were searched in the Medline database using the keywordsminimal hearing loss, unilateral hearing loss,andmild hearing loss. References cited in retrieved articles were also reviewed.ResultsIn total, 69 articles contained relevant information about pediatric outcomes and/or intervention for unilateral hearing loss, 50 for mild hearing loss, and 6 for high-frequency hearing loss. Six challenges associated with MHL emerged, and 6 interventions were indicated. Evidence indicates that although some individuals may appear to have no observable speech-language or academic difficulties, others experience considerable difficulties. It also indicates that even though children with MHL may appear to catch up in some areas, difficulties in select domains continue into adulthood.ConclusionsEvidence indicates significant risks associated with untreated MHL. Evidence also demonstrates the need for early intervention and identifies several appropriate intervention strategies; however, no single protocol is appropriate for all children. Therefore, families should be educated about the impact of MHL and about available interventions so that informed decisions can be made.
A 312 ps response‐time LDO with enhanced super source follower in 28 nm CMOS
Authors: Lu Yan , Li Cheng , Zhu Yan , Huang Mo , U Seng‐Pan , Martins Rui P. 
Published: July 2016

High quality fully integrated power supplies could notably improve the performances of the noise‐sensitive building block in the UWB communication systems. Double buffers are inserted into the cascode flipped‐voltage‐follower (FVF) topology to enable designing the dominant pole at the output node for better power supply rejection (PSR) and less voltage variation during load transient. An enhanced super source follower (E‐SSF) is proposed to further reduce the output impedance of the buffer that drives the power transistor. The FVF‐based low dropout regulator (LDO) with E‐SSF achieves a worst‐case PSR of −18.9 dB across the full spectrum and a transient response time of 312 ps. The proposed LDO is designed in a 28 nm CMOS process and consumes 100 μA quiescent current with 1.0 V input and 0.8 V output voltages. In total, 120 pF on‐chip capacitors are used for filtering.
Retrieving the forgotten influence of Herbart on subject English
Authors: Carter Don 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the strong influence of Herbartian ideas on the first secondary school-based English course (1911) in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Whilst previous research has established the influence of the “New Education” on the (NSW Director of Education, Peter Board, the architect of the) 1911 courses, no specific analysis of Johann Friedrich Herbart’s educational ideas has been undertaken in relation to this seminal secondary English course.

Design/methodology/approach
Through using three of Herbart’s key educational ideas as an interpretive framework to analyse the 1911 NSW Courses of Study for High Schools English course, the paper demonstrates the influence of those ideas on this inaugural secondary English course.

Findings
The analysis reveals that the NSW 1911 secondary English course was influenced by Herbartian educational ideas underpinning the course.

Research limitations/implications
This paper focuses on the “pre-active”1911 rhetorical English curriculum in NSW, rather than the “enacted” implemented curriculum.

Practical implications
The paper identifies Herbartian influences on the 1911 NSW English syllabus, revealing important philosophical ideas.

Social implications
Future English curriculum design will benefit from the identification of the philosophical ideas embedded in the NSW 1911 English curriculum.

Originality/value
This analysis provides insights into the Herbartian influences on the first secondary English course in NSW.
The changing pedagogical discourses in China
Authors: Liu Wei 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the changing pedagogic discourses in China today, using the current wave of English curriculum innovation as a focused case. Given the cross-cultural nature of foreign language education, the change in the English as a foreign language curriculum in China has served as a fertile ground for different pedagogical ideas to emerge and to cross. The new English curriculum in China has endorsed a more communicative and humanistic view of language teaching, encouraging teachers to adopt a task-based approach to organize their classroom teaching. The new English curriculum has aroused a heated debate among Chinese scholars on the suitability of such a Western curriculum idea in the Chinese educational context on the basis of its relation to the Confucian tradition of education, the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context of China and the danger of post-colonialist imposition.

Design/methodology/approach
A critique is conducted on the three areas of controversies by situating the debate in the larger context of the cross-cultural understanding of the Chinese pedagogic discourse in the process of globalization and internationalization.

Findings
It is important for China to resist the homogenizing effect of globalization and internationalization in the area of curriculum development; however, being defensive and protective of one’s own and dismissive of others has not been and should not be the attitude of Chinese curriculum reform. The evolution of Chinese pedagogy is not only a result of Western influence but also a result of social change in the process of industrialization (Cheng, 2011). Global trends and national traditions should not be taken as extremes in an incompatible and irreconcilable dichotomy.

Originality/value
The three areas of debates on the new English curriculum can serve as a good lens into the evolving curriculum discourses in China. They reflect the cultural–historical, contextual and critical considerations among Chinese educational scholars in the national curriculum innovation efforts.
Causal relationship between private housing investment and economic growth
Authors: Amidu Abdul-Rasheed , Agboola Alirat Olayinka , Musa Mahmud 
Published: July 2016

PurposeThe paper aims to provide a better understanding of the interactions between housing investment and economic growth. In particular, the paper emphasizes the separate effects of private housing investment (PHI) on the aggregate economy using quarterly data in the UK from 1974 to 2015. This is important due to the relatively growing interest around the world, including the UK, in encouraging greater private housing investment as a way of boosting economic growth.Design/methodology/approachThe paper used the widely accepted and recognized econometric concepts of unit root, Granger causality and co-integration and provides tentative quantitative evidence of the causal and predictive effect of PHI and economic growth.FindingsThe key finding is that the level of investment directed by individual and institution into the private housing sector is key to future development, and will strongly reduce economic performance volatility.Research limitations/implicationsGiven that this is a bivariate time series analysis of PHI and economic growth (proxy by gross domestic product), the conclusions of this paper need to treated with caution, as there are other potential variables that might be omitted to make the model more robust so as to reach a more conclusive result.Originality/valueThis study complements existing literature, not only by providing new empirical evidence on the nexus between housing markets and the business cycle but also by being the pioneering attempt at examining the impact of PHI on the economy in the UK.
Financial literacy, risky mortgages, and delinquency in the US during the financial crisis
Authors: Zahirovic-Herbert Velma , Gibler Karen M. , Chatterjee Swarn 
Published: July 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate whether low financial literacy is associated with the use of risky mortgages and delinquency.Design/methodology/approachA probit analysis is used to analyze the results of a survey of US homeowners.FindingsIt was found that borrowers with low financial literacy are more likely to have a risky mortgage and be delinquent in their mortgage payments.Originality/valueThe results indicate that many risky loan borrowers may be unable to evaluate the risks inherent in the mortgage, which contributes to high delinquency rates. These results suggest the need for education and caution in the use of risky mortgages.
The new marketing solutions that will drive strategy implementation
Authors: Grossberg Kenneth Alan 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
Delineate the strategic implications for three new marketing trends based on digital technology.

Design/methodology/approach
The author looks at how strategy is being affected by: Marketing automation, where artificial intelligence is used to help win a customer and optimize the search for such potential prospects. Social media, which blends the personal and the businesslike and provides opportunities for engagement with the client on an almost real-time, personalized basis. The manipulation of huge quantities of “Big Data” to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of marketing automation and of deriving value from social media.

Findings
Under all emerging digital technology scenarios, the marketer’s job becomes more complex and more central to the interaction between the customers and the corporation.

Practical implications
Social marketing will increasingly involve co-creation of product and brand story with customers, experienced-based marketing and more sophisticated management of the interface between the social media platform and automated marketing.

Originality/value
This article identifies the integral relationship between advances in marketing technology and strategic opportunities for marketing innovation.
The next wave of global disruption and the role of China’s entrepreneurs
Authors: Leavy Brian 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
Two recent books will be of considerable value to company leaders and strategists seeking to deepen their understanding of the major trends driving this current wave of global transformation: “No Ordinary Disruption: The Four Global Forces Breaking All the Trends” and “China’s Disruptors: How Alibaba, Xiaomi, Tencent and Other Companies are Changing the Rules of Business.”

Design/methodology/approach
The author considers what dynamic capabilities that will be needed to compete in a world of “transient advantage,” like modern China, with its “complicated and quickly changing demand pattern,” hyper-competition, shifting industry boundaries, and “discontinuities in the regulatory context.” He believes that China is the business management laboratory within which these skills are already being honed.

Findings
By the turn of the millennium, the total revenue generated by private [Chinese] companies had already risen to parity with those of the state-enterprise sector, and since then it has grown more than six times faster.

Practical implications
The rise of China’s reform era entrepreneurs has come in three waves to date, each representing a significant progression in the collective capabilities and sophistication of the country’s ever-expanding entrepreneurial cadre.

Originality/value
Foreign multi-nationals would be wise to consider “what capabilities will have to be developed in China, for China,” learn from their Chinese rivals and ask where it might be possible to use these new “China’ capabilities ” to enhance performance globally.
Dr Thep Himathongkam: transforming diabetes treatment in Thailand
Authors: Avery Gayle C. 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
This interview discusses a “Blue Ocean” strategy initiative: how to introduce effective change in diabetes care into Thailand given a strong reluctance in patients, and in Thai society, to see that diabetes is not a condition to be treated by doctors alone.

Design/methodology/approach
An interview with Dr Thep Himathongkam, the pioneer of holistic diabetes care in Thailand.

Findings
One strategic management problem he faced was the lack of suitably trained staff. Thailand had no university courses producing the multidisciplinary personnel needed for diabetes treatment such as diabetes educators, dieticians, or foot care specialists. He address the multidisciplinary personnel shortage by training the missing specialists, getting universities on board and more recently securing funding from the World Diabetes Foundation.

Practical implications
The result of the diabetic foot-care training for more than 2,500 personnel, mostly from community hospitals, has been markedly successful, with a reduction in annual amputations in Thailand of 80 per cent over five years.

Originality/value
This interview offers a look at the multi-track problem solving required to successfully implement a Blue Ocean strategy.