bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating occupancy probability of moose using hunter survey data
Authors: Crum Nathan J. , Fuller Angela K. , Sutherland Christopher S. , Cooch Evan G. , Hurst Jeremy 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTMonitoring rare species can be difficult, especially across large spatial extents, making conventional methods of population monitoring costly and logistically challenging. Citizen science has the potential to produce observational data across large areas that can be used to monitor wildlife distributions using occupancy models. We used citizen science (i.e., hunter surveys) to facilitate monitoring of moose (Alces alces) populations, an especially important endeavor because of their recent apparent declines in the northeastern and upper midwestern regions of the United States. To better understand patterns of occurrence of moose in New York, we used data collected through an annual survey of approximately 11,000 hunters between 2012 and 2014 that recorded detection–non‐detection data of moose and other species. We estimated patterns of occurrence of moose in relation to land cover characteristics, climate effects, and interspecific interactions using occupancy models to analyze spatially referenced moose observations. Coniferous and deciduous forest with low prevalence of white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) had the highest probability of moose occurrence. This study highlights the potential of data collected using citizen science for understanding the spatial distribution of low‐density species across large spatial extents and providing key information regarding where and when future research and management activities should be focused. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
Parametric macromodeling of integrated inductors for RF circuit design
Authors: Passos F. , Ye Y. , Spina D. , Roca E. , Castro‐López R. , Dhaene T. , Fernández F.V. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTNowadays, parametric macromodeling techniques are widely used to describe electromagnetic structures. In this contribution, the application of such parametric macromodeling techniques to the design of integrated inductors and radio‐frequency circuit design is investigated. In order to allow such different operations, a new modeling methodology is proposed, which improves the modeling accuracy when compared to former techniques. The new methodology is tailored to the unique characteristics of the devices under study. The obtained parametric macromodel is then used in a synthesis methodology and in the design of a voltage controlled oscillator in a 0.35‐μm CMOS technology. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:1207–1212, 2017
Steeper change in body mass across four decades predicts poorer cardiometabolic outcomes at midlife
Authors: Xian Hong , Vasilopoulos Terrie , Liu Weijian , Hauger Richard L. , Jacobson Kristen C. , Lyons Michael J. , Panizzon Matthew , Reynolds Chandra A. , Vuoksimaa Eero , Kremen William S. , Franz Carol E. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveThis study examined patterns of change in adiposity across four decades starting in young adulthood as well as associations between change and midlife cardiometabolic outcomes.MethodsBMI was assessed at ages 20, 40, 56, and 62 years in 977 male veterans from the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging. Age 62 (range 56‐66) cardiometabolic outcomes included hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and ischemic heart disease. Analyses included latent growth modeling (LGM), latent class growth modeling (LCGM), and logistic regression models.ResultsLinear BMI slope was associated with all outcomes. Accelerated (quadratic) BMI slope was significantly associated with greater risk for hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and inflammation; odds ratios ranged from 1.93 (diabetes) to 3.15 (dyslipidemia). Initial BMI did not predict later outcomes. Linear slope contributed significant unique variance for diabetes and dyslipidemia even controlling for age 62 BMI. LCGM revealed three trajectories. Men with the relatively stable, lower BMI trajectory had significantly better outcomes than those with trajectories with accelerated increases, especially those including obesity.ConclusionsHow individuals reach late‐midlife BMI is important. Steepness of BMI change across 40 years from young adulthood to late midlife, in addition to late‐midlife BMI itself, was robustly associated with greater risk for poor cardiometabolic outcomes.
Interaction of Cysteine with Aun (n=8, 10, 12) Even Neutral Clusters: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Srivastava Ruby 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe intermolecular interactions between gold nanoparticles Aun (n=8, 10, 12) with (neutral (o), cationic (+) and anionic (‐)) cysteine amino acid is investigated by means of density functional theory DFT –B3LYP/LANL2DZ:6‐31+G** mixed basis sets. The studies have been carried out on the structural, electronic and bonding properties of the major bonding factors: (a) the anchoring S−Au, O−Au and N−Au and (b) non‐conventional N–H⋅⋅⋅Au, O–H⋅⋅⋅Au bonds. Bader topological AIM analysis was carried out to interpret the nature of bonds to the complexation behavior. The NBO and frontier molecular orbital analysis indicated that the lone pair electrons of nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur atoms are transferred to the antibonding orbitals of gold for the complex with anchoring bonds, while the lone pair electrons of gold are transferred to the antibonding orbitals of O−H⋅⋅⋅Au bonds. Our results demonstrated that cysteine‐Aun form stable complexes. Among the three (neutral, cationic and anionic) forms of cysteine, cationic cysteine complexes interact more stronger with the gold metal clusters. The bonding strength between gold clusters and cysteine is positively correlated with the S–Au overlap‐weighted bond order and negatively correlated to the S–Au bond length.
Simultaneous confidence bands for the mean of functional data
Authors: Degras David 
Published: March 2017

The mean function is a central object of inquiry in the analysis of functional data. Typical questions related to the mean function include quantifying estimation uncertainty, testing parametric models, and making comparisons between populations. To make probabilistic statements about the mean function over its entire domain, rather than at a single location, it is necessary to infer all of its values simultaneously. Pointwise inference is not appropriate for this task and indeed produces anticonservative results, i.e., the coverage level of confidence regions is too low and the significance level of hypothesis tests too high. In contrast, simultaneous confidence bands (SCB) provide a flexible framework for conducting simultaneous inference on the mean function and other functional parameters. They also offer powerful visualization tools for communicating analytic results to interdisciplinary audiences. The construction ofSCBin the context of functional data requires specific theory and methods. In particular, it is not addressed by the nonparametric regression literature. Although software is available to perform individual steps of anSCBprocedure, resources that provide end‐to‐end computations are scarce. Applications ofSCBto one‐ and two‐sample inferences are illustrated here with the R package SCBmeanfd.WIREs Comput Stat2017, 9:e1397. doi: 10.1002/wics.1397This article is categorized under:Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Nonparametric MethodsStatistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Statistical Graphics and VisualizationData: Types and Structure > Time Series, Stochastic Processes, and Functional Data
Molecular identification of cryptic cysticercosis: Taenia ovis krabbei in wild intermediate and domestic definitive hosts
Authors: Formenti N. , Chiari M. , Trogu T. , Gaffuri A. , Garbarino C. , Boniotti M.B. , Corradini C. , Lanfranchi P. , Ferrari N. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe complex life cycle of taeniids represents an ideal model of a multi-host system. The complexity of these parasites can therefore cover the epidemiological issues of the interface between wild and domestic animals, especially once spatial overlap between wild and domestic definitive and intermediate hosts occurs. Here we use the occurrence of Taenia ovis krabbei in two model areas as an example of this epidemiological complexity. In two contiguous areas in the Italian northern Apennines, two hunted roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) showed numerous cysticerci in the muscles of their whole body and an adult tapeworm was recorded in a semi-stray dog (Canis lupus familiaris). Through molecular typing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1) gene, cysticerci and the adult tapeworm of T. krabbei were identified. Taenia krabbei cysticercosis was recorded for the first time in Italy. Although the role of dogs in the parasite's life cycle emerges, the overlap between wild and domestic definitive hosts and the increase of wild population densities raise concerns about the temporal (old or new) introduction and the spread of this parasite by one of these canid species (wolf (Canis lupus) or dog). Although T. krabbei is not a public health issue, economic concerns emerged for hunters and meat producers, related to the damage of carcasses by cysticerci. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate the spread of T. krabbei in the intermediate and definitive host populations, and to ensure the relevant sanitary education for hunters in order to avoid practices that could favour the spread and maintenance of its life cycle.
THREE DIFFERENT FORMALISATIONS OF EINSTEIN’S RELATIVITY PRINCIPLE
Authors: MADARÁSZ JUDIT X. , SZÉKELY GERGELY , STANNETT MIKE 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe present three natural but distinct formalisations of Einstein’s special principle of relativity, and demonstrate the relationships between them. In particular, we prove that they are logically distinct, but that they can be made equivalent by introducing a small number of additional, intuitively acceptable axioms.
Minoxidil is a potential neuroprotective drug for paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Chen Yi-Fan , Chen Li-Hsien , Yeh Yu-Min , Wu Pei-Ying , Chen Yih-Fung , Chang Lian-Yun , Chang Jang-Yang , Shen Meng-Ru 
Published: March 2017

AbstractChemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common side effect of cancer treatment. No medication has been shown to be effective in the treatment of CIPN. This study aims to integrate the image-based high-content screening, mouse behavior models and mechanistic cell-based assays to discover potential neuroprotective drugs. Among screened compounds, minoxidil showed the most potent neuroprotective effect against paclitaxel, with regard to neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Minoxidil protected mice from thermal insensitivity and alleviated mechanical allodynia in paclitaxel-treated mice. The ultrastructure and quantified G-ratio of myelin integrity of sciatic nerve tissues supported the observations in mouse behavioral tests. The mechanistic study on DRG neurons suggested that minoxidil suppressed neuroinflammation and remodeled the dysregulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis provoked by paclitaxel. Importantly, minoxidil showed a synergistic anti-tumor effect with paclitaxel both in tumor xenograft models of cervical and breast cancer. Interestingly, the quantitative assays on hair length and hair growth both exhibited that minoxidil significantly improved the hair quality after chemotherapy. Since minoxidil is a drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the safety and biocompatibility are well documented. The immediate next step is to launch an early-stage clinical trial intending to prevent CIPN by minoxidil.
Modeling out-of-plane actuation in thin-film nematic polymer networks: From chiral ribbons to auto-origami boxes via twist and topology
Authors: Gimenez-Pinto Vianney , Ye Fangfu , Mbanga Badel , Selinger Jonathan V. , Selinger Robin L. B. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractVarious experimental and theoretical studies demonstrate that complex stimulus-responsive out-of-plane distortions such as twist of different chirality, emergence of cones, simple and anticlastic bending can be engineered and pre-programmed in a liquid crystalline rubbery material given a well-controlled director microstructure. Via 3-d finite element simulation studies, we demonstrate director-encoded chiral shape actuation in thin-film nematic polymer networks under external stimulus. Furthermore, we design two complex director fields with twisted nematic domains and nematic disclinations that encode a pattern of folds for an auto-origami box. This actuator will be flat at a reference nematic state and form four well-controlled bend distortions as orientational order changes. Device fabrication is applicable via current experimental techniques. These results are in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions, provide insight into experimental observations, and demonstrate the value of finite element methods at the continuum level for designing and engineering liquid crystal polymeric devices.
Calcium regulation of the human mitochondrial ATP-Mg/Pi carrier SLC25A24 uses a locking pin mechanism
Authors: Harborne Steven P. D. , King Martin S. , Crichton Paul G. , Kunji Edmund R. S. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMitochondrial ATP-Mg/Pi carriers import adenine nucleotides into the mitochondrial matrix and export phosphate to the cytosol. They are calcium-regulated to control the size of the matrix adenine nucleotide pool in response to cellular energetic demands. They consist of three domains: an N-terminal regulatory domain containing four calcium-binding EF-hands, a linker loop domain with an amphipathic α-helix and a C-terminal mitochondrial carrier domain for the transport of substrates. Here, we use thermostability assays to demonstrate that the carrier is regulated by calcium via a locking pin mechanism involving the amphipathic α-helix. When calcium levels in the intermembrane space are high, the N-terminus of the amphipathic α-helix is bound to a cleft in the regulatory domain, leading to substrate transport by the carrier domain. When calcium levels drop, the cleft closes, and the amphipathic α-helix is released to bind to the carrier domain via its C-terminus, locking the carrier in an inhibited state.
A new molecular prognostic score for predicting the risk of distant metastasis in patients with HR+/HER2− early breast cancer
Authors: Gong Gyungyub , Kwon Mi Jeong , Han Jinil , Lee Hee Jin , Lee Se Kyung , Lee Jeong Eon , Lee Seon-Heui , Park Sarah , Choi Jong-Sun , Cho Soo Youn , Ahn Sei Hyun , Lee Jong Won , Cho Sang Rae , Moon Youngho , Nam Byung-Ho , Nam Seok Jin , Choi Yoon-La , Shin Young Kee 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTo make an optimal treatment decision for early stage breast cancer, it is important to identify risk of recurrence. Here, we developed and validated a new prognostic model for predicting the risk of distant metastasis in patients with pN0-N1, hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative (HR+/HER2−) breast cancer treated with hormone therapy alone. RNA was extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissues and gene expression was measured by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR. The relative expression of six novel prognostic genes was combined with two clinical variables (nodal status and tumor size) to calculate a risk score (BCT score). In the validation cohort treated with hormone therapy alone, the 10 year rate of distant metastasis in the high-risk group (26.3%) according to BCT score was significantly higher than that in the low-risk group (3.8%) (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis adjusted for clinical variables revealed that BCT score is an independent predictor of distant metastasis. Moreover, the C-index estimate revealed that BCT score has a prognostic power superior to that of prognostic models based on clinicopathological parameters. The BCT score outperforms prognostic models based on traditional clinicopathological factors and predicts the risk of distant metastasis in patients with HR+/HER2− early breast cancer.
DNA-Mediated Patterning of Single Quantum Dot Nanoarrays: A Reusable Platform for Single-Molecule Control
Authors: Huang Da , Freeley Mark , Palma Matteo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe present a facile strategy of general applicability for the assembly of individual nanoscale moieties in array configurations with single-molecule control. Combining the programming ability of DNA as a scaffolding material with a one-step lithographic process, we demonstrate the patterning of single quantum dots (QDs) at predefined locations on silicon and transparent glass surfaces: as proof of concept, clusters of either one, two, or three QDs were assembled in highly uniform arrays with a 60 nm interdot spacing within each cluster. Notably, the platform developed is reusable after a simple cleaning process and can be designed to exhibit different geometrical arrangements.
Analysis of electromagnetic force for medium frequency transformer with interleaved windings
Authors: Huang Pei , Mao Chengxiong , Wang Dan 
Published: March 2017

Medium frequency transformers (MFTs) have achieved extensive attention since they are widely used in medium frequency energy conversion systems. Different from traditional power transformer, MFTs require special consideration of short‐circuit design due to their complex fault conditions. In this study, the electromagnetic forces exerted on the windings of a 1.5 kV, 35 kW, 1 kHz MFT are investigated. A working circuit model of this MFT is set up to simulate the inrush current and short‐circuit current under different fault conditions. Three‐dimensional (3D) transient coupled field‐circuit finite element model of this MFT is developed to study the axial and radial forces exerted on the windings. The high voltage (HV) and low voltage (LV) windings are modelled into 20 and 16 sections, respectively. Then the developed axial and radial forces exerted on the HV and LV windings under inrush current and short‐circuit current are compared. Furthermore, the electromagnetic forces of two kinds of interleaved windings are evaluated. The results show that suitable interleaved winding design can reduce the electromagnetic force under short circuit. The proposed approach and analysis results in this study are essential and important for MFT short‐circuit design improvement, especially interleaved windings are adopted.
Plasma Betatrophin Levels of Subjects Classified with Normal, Impaired, and Diabetic Glucose Tolerance, and Subjects with Impaired Fasting Glucose
Authors: Ozyazgan Sibel , Onal Burak , Kurtulus Eda , Uzun Hafize , Akkan Gokhan , Konukoglu Dildar 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis study was aimed to investigate whether betatrophin shows glucose intolerance or not. To access the plasma betatrophin levels after basal and glucose load, groups were classified as normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and diabetic glucose tolerance (DGT) according to WHO 2012 criteria. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed on age-matched subjects (n=220) with a body mass index (BMI)<27 kg/m2. Subjects were categorized as normoglycemic (n=55), IFG (n=50), IGT (n=60), and DM (n=55) according to the WHO criteria. Baseline betatrophin levels in DGT are significantly higher than in NGT (p<0.005), IFG (p<0.004), and IGT (p<0.001). Male subjects have significantly higher betatrophin levels than female subjects (p<0.01). In DGT, betatrophin of male subjects was found to be significantly higher than the betatrophin of male subjects in NGT (p<0.04), IFG (p<0.01), and IGT (p<0.01). Significant relationship between betatrophin and both ages and HbA1c in all groups were observed. When ages were accepted as an independent factor, significant correlation between betatrophin and ages were found. Betatrophin is increased and associated with age and HbA1c in DGT. Males had higher betatrophin levels compared with females in DGT group. As no obvious betatrophin deficiency to substitute in IFG and IGT individuals were observed, betatrophin levels appeared to be related to the pathogenesis of the diabetic stages rather than prediabetic stages.
Emotional Learning and Identity Development in Medicine: A Cross-Cultural Qualitative Study Comparing Taiwanese and Dutch Medical Undergraduates
Authors: Helmich Esther , Yeh Huei-Ming , Yeh Chi-Chuan , de Vries Joy , Fu-Chang Tsai Daniel , Dornan Tim 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
Current knowledge about the interplay between emotions and professional identity formation is limited and largely based on research in Western settings. This study aimed to broaden understandings of professional identity formation cross-culturally.

Method
In fall 2014, the authors purposively sampled 22 clinical students from Taiwan and the Netherlands and asked them to keep audio diaries, narrating emotional experiences during clerkships using three prompts: What happened? What did you feel/think/do? How does this interplay with your development as a doctor? Dutch audio diaries were supplemented with follow-up interviews. The authors analyzed participants’ narratives using a critical discourse analysis informed by Figured Worlds theory and Bakhtin’s concept of dialogism, according to which people’s spoken words create identities in imagined future worlds.

Results
Participants talked vividly, but differently, about their experiences. Dutch participants’ emotions related to individual achievement and competence. Taiwanese participants’ rich, emotional language reflected on becoming both a good person and a good doctor. These discourses constructed doctors’ and patients’ autonomy in culturally specific ways. The Dutch construct centered on “hands-on” participation, which developed the identity of a technically skilled doctor, but did not address patients’ self-determination. The Taiwanese construct located physicians’ autonomy within moral values more than practical proficiency, and gave patients agency to influence doctor–patient relationships.

Conclusions
Participants’ cultural constructs of physician and patient autonomy led them to construct different professional identities within different imagined worlds. The contrasting discourses show how medical students learn about different meanings of becoming doctors in culturally specific contexts.