bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Treatment of Depression in Geriatrics with Anafranil*
Authors: Botter P A , Sunier A 
Published: January 2017

The influence of Anafranil® on the symptomatology of depression has been evaluated in an open trial in 30 patients suffering from various types of depression. All the patients were hospitalized in the geriatric department of a psychiatric centre for the whole duration of the trial. Within one week a marked decrease in the depressive symptoms was observed. This improvement reached its maximum after 3 weeks and remained at this level during the 4 th week of treatment. At a daily dose of 30 to 50 mg of Anafranil ( mean: 40 mg) the results were good in 19 and moderate in 8 patients, whereas in 3 patients there was no change in their depressive state. Anafranil was well tolerated; no abnormalities were observed in the laboratory investigations.
A Controlled Comparative Trial of a New Antidepressant, Ciclazindol
Authors: Levine Sidney 
Published: January 2017

The author describes a controlled, double-blind, comparative trial of a new tetracyclic compound, ciclazindol (WY 23409), against amitriptyline in the treatment of thirty-five patients admitted to hospital with depressive illness. Each patient was randomly allocated to three weeks treatment with either 50 mg b.d. ciclazindol or 50 mg b.d. amitriptyline. In the event of a poor response the dose level was raised to 75 mg b.d. Separation of cases of endogenous depression and severity of depression were assessed by the Levine-Pilowsky Depression Questionnaire, a self-rating technique. Severity of depression was also assessed using the Hamilton Rating Scale. No significant difference was noted between the drugs in either the degree or the rate of response nor when the endogenous cases alone were studied. The interesting observation was made that only one-third of ciclazindol patients gained weight compared to almost three-quarters of the amitriptyline group and the mean weight gain of the latter was over double that of the ciclazindol group. The author concludes that ciclazindol offers promise and merits further study using higher dosage levels once its full safety trials have been completed.
Successful Use of a Moderate Analgesic (Fortagesic) in the Symptomatic Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Rooney G I 
Published: January 2017

In a between-patient single blind controlled trial, two groups of patients with osteoarthritis were treated for two weeks with either Fortagesic or naproxen tablets. Onset of analgesia was significantly more rapid with Fortagesic than with naproxen. Other assessments favoured Fortagesic but the differences were not statistically significant. It is concluded that Fortagesic can be successfully used to fill the gap between mild analgesics and the anti-inflammatory agents in the symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis.
Piroxicam in the Treatment of Osteoarthrosis: A Multicentre Study in General Practice Involving 1218 Patients
Authors: Dessain P , Estabrooks T F , Gordon A J 
Published: January 2017

A non-comparative multicentre trial was conducted by 156 general practitioners with 1218 patients in eight European countries to assess the efficacy and toleration of once daily doses of piroxicam in the treatment of osteoarthrosis (degenerative joint disease). Drug was taken for an average of 2.5 months with more than 75% on piroxicam for 7 weeks or more. The maintenance dose in 81% of all patients was the same as the recommended starting dose of 20 mg, taken once daily after breakfast. Although more than 40% of patients received concurrent analgesic/anti-inflammatory drug(s) at the beginning of the trial, only 10% to 15% took such therapy by the end of their treatment period. Most patients had moderate or severe involvement in one or more of knee, spine, hip, digit, or shoulder joints. From 75% to 80% of patients reported marked or moderate improvement in ability to move and use joints and their general overall feeling (‘quality of life’ measurement). Patients' self-assessment of joint pain and stiffness showed from 25% to 30% reduction after 2 weeks on drug and up to 60% reduction by the end of the treatment period. Onset of morning pain at baseline occurred within 1 to 2 hours after waking, but by final evaluation, the average time had risen to 6 hours in those patients still experiencing pain. Side-effects definitely attributed to piroxicam were reported by 13% of all patients; there were sixty discontinuations (5%) due to drug. The majority of side-effects were upper gastro-intestinal in origin, primarily epigastric distress, nausea, and indigestion. Most side-effects were mild or moderate and were experienced without incident within the first three weeks on drug. In their global evaluation, investigators judged the efficacy of piroxicam as marked or moderate in 82% of patients while toleration was considered excellent or good in 92% of cases. In comparison to a patient's prior therapy, investigators considered piroxicam better in its overall effect in 72% of the cases. In summary, the data show that once-daily doses of piroxicam, mostly 20 mg, can provide very favourable efficacy and toleration in the treatment of osteoarthritis in general practice.
Neurobiochemical Aspects of Maprotiline (Ludiomil®) Action
Authors: Baumann P A , Maître L 
Published: January 2017

In the first part of the paper a short review of the neurobiochemical effects of the antidepressant drug maprotiline is given. Its most obvious effect is the inhibition of noradrenaline uptake in peripheral and central neurones. The peculiarity of this action consists in its high degree of selectivity, as no inhibition of serotonin uptake could be demonstrated in vivo. In the second part, the results of new experiments are described. These show that serotonin uptake is not diminished in rat mid-brain synaptosomes even after treatment with very high doses of maprotiline (600 mg/kg p.o.). In addition, the influence of the antidepressant on noradrenaline and serotonin uptake was studied in rat cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hypothalamus and pons-medulla. Dopamine and serotonin uptake were measured in the corpus striatum. Again, only the uptake of noradrenaline was found to be inhibited. There was not even a slight tendency towards inhibition of serotonin uptake. This high degree of selectivity distinguishes maprotiline from the tricyclic antidepressants and thus makes it an interesting ‘extreme-type’ uptake inhibitor.
A Three-Month Double-Blind Study of Clobazam versus Diazepam in Out-Patients Suffering from Neurotic Disturbances
Authors: Schjønsby H P , Gordon A E , Koeppen D 
Published: January 2017

Efficacy and safety of the 1,5 benzodiazepine, clobazam, in comparison to the 1,4 benzodiazepine, diazepam, were controlled in sixty psychiatric out-patients over a period of three months. In the course of this long treatment period data were obtained confirming findings of shorter-lasting studies. Global assessment of the therapeutic efficacy and the total scores of the Hamilton Anxiety Scale revealed no significant difference between the compounds. Both groups showed a significant (p < 0.01) improvement in the total scores of the Hamilton Anxiety Scale after two weeks of treatment. Scores of the individual items indicated distinct spectra of action: Clobazam was more effective in diminishing anxious mood, whereas diazepam was better able to influence muscular symptoms of anxiety. The relevance of the findings for a more individualized therapy is pointed out.
Crotamiton Cream and Lotion in the Treatment of Infants and Young Children with Scabies
Authors: Konstantinov D , Stanoeva L , Yawalkar S J 
Published: January 2017

Fifty hospitalized infants and small children in the age-group of 3 months to 2 years admitted with scabies were treated with 5 applications of either 10% crotamiton cream or lotion on consecutive days. In this trial, the second to be performed exclusively in infants and young children, an improvement in itching was observed in all patients within 3 days of starting the treatment and the examination on Day 7 showed absence of skin lesions in all patients. Crotamiton cream as well as lotion rendered a 100% cure rate. All patients, including those having secondary pyoderma and/or eczematization tolerated the treatment with crotamiton cream and lotion well and no adverse reactions, either due to the topical application or to the transcutaneous systemic absorption of crotamiton, were reported. Post-treatment laboratory investigations did not reveal any unwanted effect due to transcutaneous systemic absorption of crotamiton on the blood, kidneys or liver. Crotamiton is the only scabicide available today which displays not only antipruritic but also marked antibacterial properties. It is especially indicated in the treatment of scabies in children as they are very prone to secondary bacterial infection following scratching. In view of its good efficacy and excellent tolerability the 5-application treatment schedule, with crotamiton cream applied to the whole body from the chin downward, can therefore be recommended as an optimum form of treatment for scabies in infants and young children.
Usefulness of Caerulein in the Treatment of Post-Operative Intestinal Atony
Authors: Montero V Ferreira , Laganga A Martinez , Garcia E Aznar 
Published: January 2017

We conducted a controlled clinical trial designed “to test caerulein for tolerability and effectiveness in post-operative patients recovering from abdominal surgery. The test product was administered 24 hours after surgery, by intravenous drip infusion, at the rate of 2 nanograms/kg/minute. The results were compared with parallel observations made in a matched group of patients receiving no drugs or manipulation likely to promote intestinal peristalsis with the exception of the application of a nasogastric tube for aspiration and the water and electrolyte replenishment customary in the post-operative period. The results of this study evince a clear-cut difference between the two groups of patients in regard to the restoration of intestinal peristalsis and the passing of flatus and faeces, as confirmed by statistical analysis (Cochran's test) demonstrating the significant (p<0.01) superiority of caerulein treatment relative to the untreated control group. Likewise, the study revealed the excellent tolerability of the test drug at the dosage employed.
A Study to Determine the Effect of Betadine Vaginal Cleansing Kit on Cervical Flora after Insertion of an Intra-Uterine Contraceptive Device
Authors: Obaidullah M 
Published: January 2017

Twenty-four women with negative high vaginal swabs, who attended for insertion of an intra-uterine contraceptive device, were randomly allocated to two groups. One group used the Betadine Vaginal Cleansing Kit before and after insertion of the intra-uterine device; the other group did not use any cleansing agent. After 4 to 6 weeks, the patients were re-examined and a cervical swab was taken. The bacteriological findings were of interest and significance. In the study group there was bacterial growth in only one patient out of the twelve, whereas in the control group there was bacterial growth in ten out of the twelve. The bacteria grown were of doubtful clinical significance, but in certain circumstances they could take a pathogenic role. The marked absence of bacterial growth in the study group is significant because, during a 4 to 6 week period, the cervical mucus remained sterile thus minimizing the risk of pelvic infection during and immediately after insertion. Whether it has any significant effect in the long-term reduction of the incidence of pelvic infection remains to be seen, and further studies are needed.
A New Citrated Formulation of Nalidixic Acid (Mictral® U.K.) for the Treatment of Acute Cystitis
Authors: Dulake C , Adam G , Allenby F , Anderson A R , Clark-Jones A , Cure S M F 
Published: January 2017

A 3-day course of a new citrated formulation of nalidixic acid (Mictral) was assessed in fifty-four women presenting with acute uncomplicated cystitis. Over 96% of women with a significant Gram-negative bacteriuria were cured of the infection following a course of treatment. Only two relapses occurred in this group during the follow-up period. Relief of symptoms occurred in nearly 90% of infected patients and generally by the second day of treatment. Although the incidence of side-effects was about 20% they were not considered serious.
Comparative Non-Blind Trial of Ceftriaxone and Gentamicin in the Treatment of Complicated Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Lentini M , Castiello G , Scorza C , Calvosa F 
Published: January 2017

Forty hospitalized patients with complicated urinary tract infections were treated with gentamicin 240 mg die i.m. or ceftriaxone, a new parenteral cephalosporin, 2 g die i.v. for 7 days. Ceftriaxone gave good clinical and bacteriological results which were better than those obtained with gentamicin, showing also an appreciable activity in cases of infection due to problematic organisms.
Comparison between Fenoprofen and Ibuprofen in the Treatment of Soft-Tissue Rheumatism
Authors: Williams Wyn R 
Published: January 2017

Fenoprofen calcium 600 mg, four times daily, and Ibuprofen 400 mg, four times daily, were compared in a double-blind crossover study involving the treatment of soft-tissue rheumatism in fifty patients. After 7 days there was no significant deference between the efficacy of the two drugs with respect to ‘pain at rest', pain on movement', ‘tenderness’ or ‘sleep disturbance’ but fenoprofen was significantly better when considering ‘limitation of movement’ and ‘The physician's assessment of the severity of the condition'. Combining data from Weeks 1 and 2 of treatment, 14 days fenoprofen treatment brought about significant improvements in all of the above parameters. Ibuprofen did not significantly improve ‘pain at rest’ but did improve the other parameters.
Indoprofen and Pentazocine in Post-Traumatic Pain. A Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Comparative Trial
Authors: Soave G , Lavezzari M , Ferrati G , Sacchetti G 
Published: January 2017

In a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group study involving sixty patients with severe pain due to fractures, the analgesic activity of indoprofen and pentazocine was evaluated. Each patient received one of the following treatments in random order: indoprofen 400 mg i.v., pentazocine 30 mg i.v., placebo. The analgesic effect was measured by rating the intensity of pain before treatment and after 1/2, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours. Patients' final opinions on efficacy were assessed on the basis of categoric and visual analogue scales. Highly significant differences were found between the active drugs and placebo for all variables analyzed. Indoprofen was significantly superior to pentazocine when assessed through variables measuring total analgesic effects. Since both drugs were well tolerated, i.v. indoprofen appears to offer an effective and safe alternative to narcotic analgesics in acute pain due to fractures.
Amoxicilline Orale dans les Méningites Purulentes de l'Enfant: Relais Précoce et Réduction de la Posologie
Authors: Tazi-Lakhassi L , Benbachir M , Mdaghri N El , Zaghloul J 
Published: January 2017

The pharmacokinetics of amoxycillin in the CSF following intravenous and oral administration at a 150 mg/kg per day or 250 mg/kg per day dosage in the treatment of purulent meningitis is described. A significant correlation between meningeal inflammation and CSF levels of amoxycillin were observed, including a correlation between the initial neurological state and the outcome of the Illness. Despite the early introduction of oral therapy and the reduction in dosage following meningeal and pneumococcal meningitis, no treatment failures could be attributed to this therapeutic regime. Such a treatment schedule, moreover, reduces the risk of superinfection in hospital as well as the cost of treatment and aids the comfort to the patient. La pharmacocinétique de l'amoxicilline dans le liquide céphalo-rachidien suivant des administrations intra-veineuses et orales de 150 mg/kg/j ou 250 mg/kg/j lors des méningites purulentes est décrite. Une corrélation significative entre l'inflammation méningée et les taux intra-rachidiens d'amoxicilline, de même entre l'état neurologique initial et l'issue de la maladie sont observées. En dépit de la précociteé du relais oral, et de la réduction des posologies lors des méningites à méningocoque, et pneumocoque, aucun échec ne peut être attribué à ce protocole thérapeutique. Ce protocole efficace réduit de plus les risques de surrinfections hospitalières et le coût du traitement, et augmente le confort du malade.
A General Practice Study Investigating the Effect of Minocin 50 mg b.d. for 12 Weeks in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Cohen P M 
Published: January 2017

In a multicentre general practice open study, 338 acne sufferers were treated with Minocin 50 mg b.d. (254 for 12 weeks). A highly significant improvement trend (p < 0·0001) was found following analysis of visual analogue scales measuring (i) severity of acne, (ii) area covered by acne, (iii) number of inflamed lesions, (iv) density of acne lesions. Over all, 79% of patients thought the therapy to be effective or very effective; 70% of patients continued on the same therapy after the study period. Mean first improvement was noted by the patients after 4 ½ weeks of treatment. One hundred and twenty-two patients had taken prior oxytetracycline therapy, of these, ninety-four (77%) stopped Oxytetracycline therapy because of lack of efficacy. After treatment of these Oxytetracycline failures with Minocin, a highly significant improvement trend (p < 0·0001) of acne was again seen. In this group, 75% of patients thought the Minocin therapy to be effective or very effective; 69% continued Minocin therapy after the study period. In all, 74% of patients having received prior Oxytetracycline thought that Minocin therapy was better than their previous therapy. Ninety-three patients had received either no previous therapy or topical therapy alone. Once again Minocin treatment resulted in a highly significant improvement trend (p < 0·0001) in the severity of acne. Seventy-six (82%) of these patients thought that Minocin therapy was effective or very effective. A total of 73% of patients continued with Minocin therapy following the study period. Adverse events were noted in 6% of patients. Of these, 3% were definitely drug-related and only six (2%) of patients left the trial because of adverse reactions. None of the adverse reactions reported were serious in nature. Minocin therapy has been shown to be a highly effective treatment for acne resulting in a rapid onset of action and good patient tolerance. Marked efficacy was seen even in those patients who had previously failed on Oxytetracycline treatment.
Food Poisoning — Fact or Fiction?
Authors: Ackerley Lisa M , Jones Alan 
Published: January 2017

The Communicable Disease Report number 84/52 has given a clear indication that Campylobacter infections are now the most significant reported causes of gastrointestinal infection. The figures given indicate approximately 22,000 Campylobacter infections in 1984 as opposed to approximately 14,000 Salmonella infections, with, more importantly, the trend increasing with regard to Campylobacter, and decreasing with regard to Salmonella infections. Campylobacter enteritis would now appear to be a major problem both in terms of human suffering and in its economic effects. It is reported, for example, that at least 80,000 working days may be lost in the United Kingdom per year. The fundamental problem raised by Campylobacter enteritis is whether we need to have a standardized definition of food poisoning accepted in law to allow central government and local authorities to manage in particular the problems related to Campylobacter enteritis. From information available, it appears that local authorities have differing interpretations as to the classification and subsequent management of Campylobacter enteritis. In order to control the identified trend in the increase of Campylobacter infections, the need for a clear and explicit definition is rapidly becoming essential.
Human Calcitonin in the Management of Osteoporosis: A Multicentre Study
Authors: Maresca V 
Published: January 2017

In a multicentre open trial 530 patients suffering from primary osteoporosis, secondary osteoporosis and Sudeck's disease were enrolled to assess synthetic human calcitonin efficacy on bone pain relief. Spontaneous pain, pain on movement, provoked pain, functional impairment and patient's assessment were recorded. During the first 30 days of treatment, all the parameters significantly improved (p < 0·01) and the tolerability was satisfactory. Four hundred and ten patients entered a follow-up study, this number gradually decreasing over a 6-month period due to a satisfactory outcome. Efficacy on bone pain remained very high in most of the patients, many of whom continued to improve. These results suggest that synthetic human calcitonin is highly effective on pain and functional impairment in bone disease and is well tolerated.
Die Pathogenese der Aleutenkrankheit der Nerze
Authors: Drommer W. , Trautwein G. 
Published: January 2017

Aleutian disease is a chronic persistent viral infection of mink characterized by hypergammaglobulinemia, generalized plasmacytosis, sclerosing glomerulonephritis, polyarteritis, and plasma cell hepatitis with bile duct proliferation. The development of hepatic lesions was studied both light- and electron-microscopically in mink experimentally infected with Aleutian disease virus. Fifteen normal and 99 mink experimentally infected with Aleutian disease virus were used. Experimental mink were killed in intervals from 3 weeks to 23 months after infection, and liver sections were processed for both light- and electron-microscopic studies. Experimentally infected mink developed portal and intralobular lymphocytic and plasmacytic infiltrates in the liver 3 weeks after infection. Four to five weeks after infection there was evidence of early bile duct proliferation that began as an outgrowth of the portal bile ducts. Three to five months after infection a marked bile duct proliferation was present in some of the portal triads and adjacent liver lobules; but there was no tendency of these lesions to progress into biliary cirrhosis. Ultrastructural characteristics of proliferating bile duct cells were marked deformation, formation of multiple cell layers, reduction in the number of microvilli and desmosomes, and infiltration of the epithelial cells by lymphoid cells and plasmacytes. The hepatic lesions either develop by direct virus stimulation or by the deposition of virus-antibody complexes.
Pathology of Deep Pectoral Myopathy of Broilers
Authors: Wight P. A. L. , Siller W. G. 
Published: January 2017

Deep pectoral myopathy occurred in 39 of 204 apparently healthy and 46 of 146 ill, adult broiler breeders from Poultry Research Centre flocks. Both sexes and two commercial strains were similarly affected. The myopathy was not associated with any disease except pododermatitis. The supracoracoid was the only muscle affected. It was bilaterally involved in 33 chickens. The lesions were grouped macroscopically into three categories: acute oedema progressing to a green necrosis, centrally located cicatrix, and replacement of the caudal region by fibroadipose tissue. Microscopically the green lesion consisted of necrotic, anucleate muscle fibres devoid of inflammatory cells and surrounded by a fibrous capsule that had a reactive inner border and externally abutted on normal and regenerating muscle or fibro-adipose tissue. Considered with the ultrastructural findings of early loss of glycogen and disintegration of sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, nuclei and Z lines, these findings indicate that the condition is an ischaemic necrosis. There was no evidence that its primary cause was occlusive vascular lesions. The muscle was able to regenerate unless extensive secondary neurological lesions were present.