bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near-circularly polarized isolated attosecond pulse generation from a current-carrying state of Ar atom by two-color cross-linearly polarized laser fields
Authors: Gong Xue , Du Jin-Xu , Wei Pan , Li Xiao-Yong , Li Wei , Jiao Zhi-Hong , Wang Guo-Li , Zhao Song-Feng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We theoretically propose an efficient method to generate near-circularly polarized isolated attosecond (as) pulses (NCP-IAPs) from a current-carrying state of Ar atom driven by two-color cross-linearly polarized laser fields. We find that the ellipticity of high harmonics can be controlled by adjusting the crossing angle of two linearly polarized lasers and the near-circularly polarized supercontinuum harmonics are obtained when the crossing angle is around

. Furthermore, we can produce the NCP-IAPs with the ellipticity up to 0.94 and the shortest one achieves 196 as. This work demonstrates the possibility for generating the NCP-IAPs using a current-carrying state of atoms driven by two-color cross-linearly polarized laser fields.
Breeding zebra finches prioritize reproductive bout over self-maintenance under food restriction
Authors: Coutts Victoria M. , Pham Kevin , Gilbert Gabriella , Wada Haruka 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Reproduction requires high amounts of energy, and challenging environments during breeding can force parents to prioritize their current reproductive bout over self-maintenance or vice versa. However, little is known about how common stressors, such as food restriction, can influence these trade-offs during breeding, and the physiological mechanisms for these trade-off decisions. In this study, adult zebra finches (Taeniopygia castanotis) were subjected to a control diet (ad libitum) or a 40% food restriction while raising nestlings and fledglings, and we measured body mass, furculum fat, plasma corticosterone (CORT) and blood glucose levels of the parents at the time of pairing, when their offspring fledged, and when their offspring reached nutritional independence. We also measured body mass and growth rate in the offspring from hatching until the end of the treatment period. Food-restricted parents had lower body mass when their offspring fledged and reached nutritional independence and higher baseline CORT when their offspring fledged compared to controls. Offspring did not differ in body mass or growth rate between treatment groups. However, there was no effect of food restriction on parents’ furculum fat, baseline glucose, the adrenocortical response, or the glucose response. Furthermore, path analysis results suggest that alterations in baseline glucose is the primary driver of changes in body mass in parents and offspring brood mass. Taken together, these results suggest that food restriction during chick rearing in a short-lived passerine drives parents to prioritize their current reproductive bout over self-maintenance, and glucose could potentially be a mechanism for diverting energy toward parental effort.
Sex hormone receptors, calcium-binding protein and Yap1 signaling regulate sex-dependent liver cell proliferation following partial hepatectomy
Authors: Zhu Mingkai , Li Yan , Shen Qiaosen , Gong Zhiyuan , Liu Dong 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Partial hepatectomy (PH) is commonly used to treat patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The recovery of patients from PH depends on the initiation of liver regeneration, a process that mainly relies on liver cell proliferation. As sex affects the human liver regeneration progress, we investigated sex disparity in PH-induced liver regeneration in adult zebrafish. We found that, after PH, males began liver regeneration earlier than females in terms of liver cell proliferation and liver mass recovery, and this was associated with earlier activation of Yap1 signaling in male than female livers. We also found that androgen receptors regulated the sex-biased liver regeneration in a Yap1-dependent manner and that activated estrogen receptors are responsible for the later onset of female hepatocyte proliferation. Furthermore, we identified that S100A1, a calcium-binding protein, regulates the sex disparity in liver regeneration, as heterozygous S100A1 knockout inhibited Yap1 activity in male livers and delayed hepatocyte proliferation in males following PH. Thus, multiple pathways and/or their interplays contribute to the sex disparity in liver regeneration, suggesting that sex-biased therapeutic strategies are required for patients who have received PH-based therapies.
Σχεδίασμα Υπαρξιακής Αισθητικής
Authors: Θεοδωρόπουλος Ιωάννης 
Published: October 2024

Η αισθητική της υπαρξιακής λογικής, είναι απόλυτη, επανερχόμαστε σ΄ αυτό, με την έννοια ότι δεν στηρίζεται σε κανενός είδους δεκανίκια, πολιτικά, οικονομικά ή άλλα. Αυτή η αισθητική είναι δυνατή όχι μόνο λόγω της ύπαρξης του καλλιτέχνη, αλλά πρωτίστως εξαιτίας της πρωταρχικής ικανότητας της «λογικής ύπαρξης» να την γεννά. Προκύπτει η αισθητική αυτή ως δημιουργική επίδοση της λογικής ύπαρξης, δεν έχει αφ΄ εαυτής καμία οντότητα. Δεν πρόκειται εδώ για προσβλητική Reduktion της αισθητικής, για σχετικοποίησή της, για υποβάθμιση και παραπομπή της σε μια τυφλή υπαρξιακή δύναμη. Πολύ περισσότερο αφορά την επανασύνδεσή της με την χυμώδη υπαρξιακή χώρα, από την οποία προέρχεται και αντλεί νόημα, υπερβαίνοντας την ψευδο- αυτοτέλειά της.
A scoping review on what constitutes a good research culture
Authors: Blatch-Jones Amanda Jane , Lakin Kay , Thomas Sarah 
Published: October 2024

Background The crisis in research culture is well documented, covering issues such as a tendency for quantity over quality, unhealthy competitive environments, and assessment based on publications, journal prestige and funding. In response, research institutions need to assess their own practices to promote and advocate for change in the current research ecosystem. The purpose of the scoping review was to explore ‘What does the evidence say about the ‘problem’ with ‘poor’ research culture, what are the benefits of ‘good’ research culture, and what does ‘good’ look like?’ Aims To examine the peer-reviewed and grey literature to explore the interplay between research culture, open research, career paths, recognition and rewards, and equality, diversity, and inclusion, as part of a larger programme of activity for a research institution. Methods A scoping review was undertaken. Six databases were searched along with grey literature. Eligible literature had relevance to academic research institutions, addressed research culture, and were published between January 2017 to May 2022. Evidence was mapped and themed to specific categories. The search strategy, screening and analysis took place between April-May 2022. Results 1666 titles and abstracts, and 924 full text articles were assessed for eligibility. Of these, 253 articles met the eligibility criteria for inclusion. A purposive sampling of relevant websites was drawn from to complement the review, resulting in 102 records included in the review. Key areas for consideration were identified across the four themes of job security, wellbeing and equality of opportunity, teamwork and interdisciplinary, and research quality and accountability. Conclusions There are opportunities for research institutions to improve their own practice, however institutional solutions cannot act in isolation. Research institutions and research funders need to work together to build a more sustainable and inclusive research culture that is diverse in nature and supports individuals’ well-being, career progression and performance.
Fiscal Stimulus, Deposit Competition, and the Rise of Shadow Banking: Evidence from China
Authors: Acharya Viral V. , Qian Jun “QJ” , Su Yang , Yang Zhishu 
Published: October 2024

The rise of shadow banking and attendant financial fragility in China can be traced to intensified deposit competition following the 2008–2009 global financial crisis (GFC). A large, state-owned bank’s deposits from cross-border money inflows fell significantly following the GFC, and it supported the government’s fiscal stimulus more aggressively than other large banks by issuing larger volumes of new loans. Small and medium-sized banks with more branch-level overlaps with this large bank relied more on shadow banking and issued more wealth management products (WMPs)—short-maturity, off-balance-sheet substitutes for deposits. Greater amounts of WMPs created rollover risks for the issuers, as reflected by higher yields on new WMPs, higher borrowing rates in the interbank market, and lower stock-market performance during liquidity stress. This paper was accepted by Victoria Ivashina, finance. Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 71272024, 71972051, and 72071117]. Supplemental Material: The internet appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.04233 .
Secondary amyloidosis treated with tocilizumab as a complication of temporal arteritis
Authors: Kudsi Maysoun , Haidar Ghina , Abouharb Dani , Abouharb Lana 
Published: October 2024

Background: Temporal arteritis is a large-vessel vasculitis mostly seen in the elderly. Amyloidosis may be secondary to a chronic inflammation of body organs. Here, we present the second case report of temporal arteritis complicated by amyloidosis that was successfully treated by tocilizumab. Case presentation: A 64-year-old female presented complaining of fatigue, fever, and diarrhea accompanied by abdominal pain. One year before presentation, she was diagnosed with temporal arteritis. She was treated with 15 mg/day oral prednisone for the last 6 months, with partial remission, but persistence of the fatigue and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, 56 mm/h). Physical examination showed tenderness of both temporal arteries and a soft abdomen. Colon tissue biopsy showed amyloid depositions in the vessels and stroma that were positive for Congo red staining. Tocilizumab was started with 8 mg/kg intravenous, the diarrhea resolved, and the arthralgia improved within 1 month, with a decrease in the ESR to 8 mm/h, and a C-reactive protein (CRP) level of 0.98 mg/dl. Monthly tocilizumab therapy remains efficacious 12 months later and was stopped due to lack of tocilizumab from the hospital. No side effects of tocilizumab were registered. Conclusion: Chronic inflammation may be complicated by amyloidosis in patients with rheumatic diseases and genetic predisposition. Therefore, it is important to screen for intestinal Amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis in individuals with gastrointestinal disorders complicated by rheumatic disorders. AA amyloidosis may be complicated by temporal arteritis and presented with gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea.
Decision-making around removal of indwelling urinary catheters after pituitary surgery
Authors: Nollen Jeanne-Marie , Brunsveld-Reinders Anja H , Peul Wilco C , van Furth Wouter R 
Published: October 2024

Background: Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a common complication following pituitary surgery, causing significant health issues if left untreated. As part of the diagnostic process, accurate urinary output monitoring via indwelling urinary catheters (IDUCs) is essential, despite risks such as urinary tract infections and hindered recovery. Research on IDUC removal after pituitary surgery remains scarce. Aim: To explore health professionals' perspectives on IDUC management following pituitary surgery. Methods: Employing a qualitative design, semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 professionals in the neurosurgical ward of a Dutch academic hospital. Findings: Four themes emerged: Concerns about missing identifying DI, patient–nurse dynamics, workload management, and lack of shared decision making. Conclusion: The findings underscore the need to balance clinical needs with patient care efficiency. There is a need for evidence-based guidelines and a multidisciplinary approach to optimise IDUC management, given the importance of patient-centred care and shared decision-making.
THE FORTH VALLEY ACHILLES MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL FOR ACUTE ACHILLES TENDON RUPTURES: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Rankin C.S. , Stephen L.J. , Phin C. , McCloskey K. , Syed T. , Drampalos E. 
Published: October 2024

This prospective study explores the outcomes of the Forth Valley Protocol (FVP) for the management of acute Achilles tendon ruptures. The protocol uses ultrasound as the primary mechanism to guide treatment.All patients presenting with acute tendoachilles rupture over a three-year period were included. Patients under 18 years of age, chronic ruptures, or prior surgery to the Achilles tendon were excluded. Patients with a gap ≤2cm had conservative management following an Early Rehabilitation Protocol (ERP) and >2cm underwent surgery (if an appropriate surgical candidate). Achilles Tendon Rupture Scores (ATRS) were obtained retrospectively. Fischer's exact test was used to determine statistical significance.158 patients were included with a mean age of 53 (range 20–89). Ultrasound scans were obtained for 121 patients (76.5%), demonstrating a mean tendon gap of 1.61cm. 143 patients managed conservatively and 15 surgically. The overall re-rupture rate was 3.8% (n=6). All the re-ruptures occurred in patients treated conservatively, but this was not found to be statistically significant (n=6, P=1.0). The overall complication rate (excluding re-ruptures) was 1.9%. ATRS was comparable between both treatment modalities (P=0.382, 0.422), with a mean score of 86.6 in the conservative group and 81.4 in the surgical group.The FVP demonstrates low re-rupture and complication rates in line with other published studies. Patients with gaps ≤2.0cm on the ultrasound can be successfully treated conservatively with an ERP. This has potential benefits in terms improved patient outcomes, satisfaction, and preservation of resources.
SIMULTANEOUS VERSUS STAGED TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY FOLLOWING ACETABULAR FRACTURE FIXATION: A COMPARISON OF OUTCOMES
Authors: Kennedy M.J. , Williamson T.R. , Kennedy J.W. , Macleod D , Wheelwright B. , Marsh A.G. , Gill S.L. 
Published: October 2024

Acetabular fractures present a challenge. Anatomical reduction can be achieved by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). However, in elderly patients with complex fracture patterns and osteoporotic bone stock, “fix and replace” has become an option in the management of these injuries. This involves ORIF of the acetabulum to enable insertion of a press fit cup and subsequent cemented femoral stem at the index surgery.A Retrospective analysis of all operatively managed acetabular fractures by a regional Pelvic and Acetabular Trauma service (01/01/2018-30/05/2023) STATA used for analysis. 34 patients undergoing “fix and replace” surgery. Of the 133 patients managed with ORIF, 21 subsequently required Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA). Mean follow up was 2.7 years versus 5.1. There was no statistical significance between the two groups with regards to BMI or sex. Mean age in the “fix and replace” group was 68 compared to 48 in the ORIF and subsequent THA group. This reached statistical significance between the two groups (p=0.001).ASA and Charlson Comorbidity Index (3 and 3 in “fix and replace” and 2 and 1.2 in ORIF to THA group) and Charlson Comorbidity Index both were statistically significantly different (p=0.006 and p=0.027, respectively). High energy mechanism of injury accounted for 56% of the “fix and replace” group compared to 48% in the ORIF to THA. 74% of “fix and replace” were associated fractures compared to 53% of ORIF to THA. Wait to surgery was 3 days for “fix and replace” while 186 days was the mean wait time from listing to THA for the ORIF to THA group. Complication rate was 41% versus 43% in the two groups. 14% in the ORIF to THA group developed PJI versus 6% in “fix and replace”.Fix and replace allows early mobilisation in frailer, elderly patients. Our results show fewer returns to theatre and less PJI in patients having arthroplasty as part of “fix and replace” than subsequent to Open reduction internal fixation.
A RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW OF LONG-TERM PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOME MEASURES COMPARING UNSTABLE ANKLE FRACTURES WITH AND WITHOUT A POSTERIOR MALLEOLUS FRACTURE
Authors: Heinz N.R. , Fredrick S. , Amin A.K. , Duckworth A.D. , White T.O. 
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of patients who had sustained an unstable ankle fracture with a posterior malleolus fracture (PMF) and without (N-PMF).Adult patients presenting to a single academic trauma centre in Edinburgh, UK, between 2009 and 2012 with an unstable ankle fracture requiring surgery were identified. The primary outcome measure was the Olerud Molander Ankle Score (OMAS). Secondary measures included Euroqol-5D-3L Index (Eq5D3L), Euroqol-5D-VAS and Manchester Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ).There were 304 patients in the study cohort. The mean age was 49.6 years (16.3–78.3) and 33% (n=100) male and 67% (n=204) female. Of these, 67% (n=204) had a PMF and 33% did not (n=100). No patient received a computed tomography (CT) scan pre-operatively. Only 10% of PMFs (22/204) were managed with internal fixation. At a mean of 13.8 years (11.3 – 15.3) the median OMAS score was 85 (Interquartile Range 60 – 100). There was no difference in OMAS between the N-PMF and PMF groups (85 [56.25 – 100] vs 85 [61.25 – 100]; p = 0.580). There was also no difference for MOXFQ (N-PMF 7 [0 – 36.75] vs PMF 8 [0–38.75]; p = 0.643), the EQ5D Index (N-PMF 0.8 [0.7 – 1] vs PMF 0.8 [0.7 – 1]; p = 0.720) and EQ5D VAS (N-PMF 80 [70 – 90] vs PMF 80 [60 – 90]; p = 0.224).The presence of a PMF does not affect the long-term patient reported outcomes in patients with a surgically managed unstable ankle fracture.
¿Puede el optimismo mediar la relación negativa de la incertidumbre sobre el propósito en la vida?
Authors: Escobar Nicole , Hun Nelson , Urzua Alfonso , Calderón Carlos 
Published: October 2024

El objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar la supresión que ejerce el optimismo en la intolerancia a la incertidumbre cuando se relaciona con el propósito con la vida. Para establecer esta posible relación de supresión se toma como referencia inicial el rol protector del optimismo sobre la salud mental. Para aproximarse a esta propuesta, se hizo un estudio transversal en población universitaria con el fin de revisar la asociación existente entre estas variables. Este estudio es de carácter no experimental. Contó con una muestra de 650 estudiantes de enseñanza superior de diferentes universidades de Chile. Para los análisis estadísticos se hizo uso del modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados mostraron el efecto supretorio del optimismo sobre la intolerancia a la incertidumbre, cuando se revisa su influencia sobre el propósito con la vida, variable de alto interés en esta población que orienta sus esfuerzos al desarrollo de un proyecto de vida.
Temperature and RI sensing based on micro-structured optical fiber surface plasmon resonance
Authors: Wang Zhipeng , Xiao Yiming , Tian Shuang , Zhao Wanqi , Cheng Yu , Yuan Libo 
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we propose a surface plasmon resonance sensor based on micro-structured optical fiber capable of simultaneous sensing of a liquid refractive index and temperature. The fiber structure comprises four large air holes, with side polishing and rectangular groove processing on one side without air holes. Ag film and α-Fe2O3 film are coated inside the rectangular groove for refractive index sensing. Au film is coated on the inner walls of the two side air holes and filled with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for temperature sensing. The results show that the sensor can achieve sensing of two parameters in two polarization directions. With a refractive index ranging from 1.35 to 1.42 and temperature ranging from 10°C to 100°C, the maximum refractive index sensitivity reaches 28225.7 nm/RIU and the maximum temperature sensitivity reaches −3.64nm/∘C. The sensor features simple structure, easy implementation, and high sensitivity, making it applicable in fields such as biosensing, chemical sensing, and environmental monitoring.
Single-shot quantitative differential phase contrast microscope using a single calcite beam displacer
Authors: Saxena Anuj , Ahmad Azeem , Dubey Vishesh Kumar , Mao Hong , Kumar Anand , Habib Anowarul , Dubey Satish Kumar , Singh Ahluwalia Balpreet , Mehta Dalip Singh 
Published: October 2024

This paper presents the development of a single-shot, partially spatially coherent quantitative differential phase contrast microscopy (Q-DPCM) system. The optical scheme comprises a polarizer, lenses, calcite beam displacer, and analyzer, which can be seamlessly integrated to an existing bright-field microscopy system, transforming it into a Q-DPCM system. It utilizes a partially spatially coherent light source, enabling single-shot quantitative differential phase recovery of the specimens with high spatial phase sensitivity. It generates highly sensitive quantitative differential phase images of the specimens along one direction, like a gradient light interference microscopy (GLIM) system, using only a single interferogram. First, we validated the differential phase measurement capability of the system through experiments on polystyrene spheres (diameter 5.2 µm) and HeLa cells. Next, the system is utilized to generate quantitative phase maps of human red blood cells using two orthogonal differential interferograms recorded at two orientations of the calcite beam displacer. Further, the Q-DPCM system is implemented for 1-h time-lapse live cell monitoring, revealing the dynamics of intracellular granules such as nucleolus and lipids in U2OS cells.
Comparison of fetal growth patterns from Western India with Intergrowth-21st
Authors: Kinare Arun , Joshi Priscilla , Dangat Kamini , Gupte Sanjay , Tipnis Manish , Singh Garima , Randhir Karuna , Madiwale Shweta , Pisal Hemlata , Wagh Girija , Lalwani Sanjay , Joshi Sadhana , Fall Caroline , Sachdev Harshpal Singh 
Published: October 2024

Objective
To generate longitudinal fetal growth data in an Indian population and compare it with Intergrowth-21st.

Material and methods
Fetal biometry data was collected in a prospective longitudinal observational study (REVAMP: Research Exploring Various Aspects and Mechanisms in Preeclampsia) from 2017 to 2022. Fetal crown-rump length (CRL) was measured at 11–14 weeks gestation, and biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL) at 18–22 and 32–35 weeks, and converted into Z-scores using the Intergrowth standard. Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale and Shape (GAMLSS) models were used to construct fetal growth centile curves compared against Intergrowth centiles.

Results
Out of 1096 singleton pregnancies in REVAMP, this analysis included 655 ‘healthy’ pregnancies (uncomplicated by pre-eclampsia, diabetes, pre-term delivery or low birth weight) and a sub-set of 106 ‘low-risk’ pregnancies defined using Intergrowth criteria. The ‘healthy’ study subjects showed lower mean CRL Z-score [-0.45 SD (95% CI:-0.54,-0.37)] at 11–14 weeks, and BPD Z-score [-1.2 SD (-1.28,-1.11) and -1.17 SD (-1.23,-1.1)] at 18–22 and 32–35 weeks respectively. Mean HC Z-score was comparable to the Intergrowth standard at 18–22 weeks [-0.08 SD (-0.16, 0.02)] but smaller at 32–35 weeks [-0.25 SD (-0.32,-0.19)]. Mean AC Z-score was lower at 18–22 weeks [-0.32 SD (-0.41,-0.23)] but comparable at 32–35 weeks [0.004 SD (-0.07, 0.07)]. FL was comparable to or larger than the Intergrowth standard at both time points [0.05 SD (-0.05, 0.14); 0.82 SD (0.75, 0.89), respectively]. These findings were similar, though measurements were slightly larger, in the ‘low-risk’ sample.

Conclusions
This data from healthy and low-risk pregnant women in urban western India indicates that some fetal dimensions and growth trajectories differ significantly from the Intergrowth-21st. Our data suggest the need for a larger representative study to define a population-specific fetal growth reference for India, for identification of fetal growth restriction.