bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Propagation of untwisting solar jets from the low-beta corona into the super-Alfvénic wind: Testing a solar origin scenario for switchbacks
Authors: Touresse J. , Pariat E. , Froment C. , Aslanyan V. , Wyper P. F. , Seyfritz L. 
Published: October 2024

Context. Parker Solar Probe’s (PSP) discovery of the prevalence of switchbacks (SBs), localised magnetic deflections in the nascent solar wind, has sparked interest in uncovering their origins. A prominent theory suggests these SBs originate in the lower corona through magnetic reconnection processes, closely linked to solar jet phenomena. Jets are impulsive phenomena, observed at various scales in different solar atmosphere layers, associated with the release of magnetic twist and helicity.
Aims. This study examines whether self-consistent jets can form and propagate into the super-Alfvénic wind, assesses the impact of different Parker solar wind profiles on jet dynamics, and determines if jet-induced magnetic untwisting waves display signatures typical of SBs.
Methods. We employed parametric 3D numerical magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulations using the Adaptively Refined Magnetohydrodynamics Solver (ARMS) code to model the self-consistent generation of solar jets. Our study focuses on the propagation of solar jets in distinct atmospheric plasma β and Alfvén velocity profiles, including a Parker solar wind. We explored the influence of different atmospheric properties thanks to analysis techniques such as radius-time diagrams and synthetic in situ velocity and magnetic field measurements, akin to those observed by PSP or Solar Orbiter.
Results. Our findings demonstrate that self-consistent coronal jets can form and then propagate into the super-Alfvénic wind. Notable structures such as the leading Alfvénic wave and trailing dense-jet region were consistently observed across different plasma β atmospheres. The jet propagation dynamics are significantly influenced by atmospheric variations, with changes in Alfvén velocity profiles affecting the group velocity and propagation ratio of the leading and trailing structures. U-loops, which are prevalent at jet onset, do not persist in the low-β corona but magnetic untwisting waves associated with jets exhibit SB-like signatures. However, full-reversal SBs were not observed.
Conclusions. These findings may explain the absence of full reversal SBs in the sub-Alfvénic wind and illustrate the propagation of magnetic deflections through jet-like events, shedding light on possible SB formation processes.
Does Marriage Still Make a Difference in Infant Health?
Authors: Yan Ji 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAlthough a vast literature examines the effects of family structure on school-aged children, adolescents and adults, less attention has been paid to infants. We use a longitudinal sample to disentangle the marriage effects from unobserved fixed characteristics of the mother and various observed confounders. Results from standard cross-sectional regressions tend to overstate the marriage premium. The within-mother analysis shows marriage leads to a small increase in birth weight but still fairly large declines in the risks of low birth weight and small for gestational age. Abstaining from smoking and having early prenatal care help explain how marriage improves infant health.
Performance prediction of IPMC modified with SiO2-SGO based on backpropagation neural network
Authors: Zhai Zhengxin , Tian Aifen , Zhang Xinrong , Du Huiling , Wang Yaping 
Published: October 2024

Ionic polymer–metal composites (IPMCs) constitute a new type of artificial muscle material that is commonly used in bionic soft robots and medical devices because of its small driving voltage and considerable deformation. However, IPMCs are limited by performance issues such as low output force and small operating time away from water. Silicon dioxide sulfonated graphene (SiO2-SGO) particles are often used to improve the performance of polymer membranes because of their hydrophilicity and high chemical stability. Reported here is the addition of SiO2-SGO particles prepared by in situ hydrolysis to perfluorosulfonic acid in order to improve the IPMC properties. Also, a predictive model was constructed based on a backpropagation neural network, with the SiO2-SGO doping amount and the IPMC excitation voltage in the input layer and the driving displacement in the output layer. The results show that the IPMC prepared with 1.0 wt. % doping content performed the best, with a maximum output displacement of 47.7 mm. The correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.9842 and the mean square error was 0.000 370 73, which show that the predictive model has high predictive accuracy and is suitable for predicting the performance of the SiO2-SGO-modified IPMC.
The interplay of excitonic delocalization and vibrational localization in optical lineshapes: A variational polaron approach
Authors: Reppert Mike , Dutta Rajesh , Slipchenko Lyudmila 
Published: October 2024

The dynamics of molecular excitonic systems are complicated by a competition between electronic coupling (which drives delocalization) and vibrational-electronic (vibronic) interactions (which tend to encourage electronic localization). A particular challenge of molecular systems is that they typically possess a large number of independent vibrations, with frequencies often spanning the entire spectrum of relevant electronic energy gaps. Recent spectroscopic observations and numerical simulations on a water-soluble chlorophyll-binding protein (WSCP) reveal a transition between two regimes of vibronic behavior, a Redfield-like regime in which low-frequency vibrations respond to a delocalized excitonic state, and a Förster-like regime where high-frequency vibrations act as incoherent excitations on individual pigments. Although numerical simulations can reproduce these effects, there is a need for a simple, systematic theory that accurately describes the smooth transition between these two regimes in experimental spectra. Here we address this challenge by generalizing the variational polaron transform approach of [Bloemsma et al., Chem. Phys. 481, 250 (2016)] to include arbitrary bath densities for systems with or without symmetry. We benchmark this theory against both numerical matrix-diagonalization methods and experimental 77 K fluorescence spectra for two WSCP variants, obtaining quite satisfactory agreement in both cases. We apply this theory to offer an explanation for the large loss in apparent electronic coupling in the WSCP Q57K mutant and to examine the likely impact of the interplay between excitonic delocalization and vibrational localization on vibrational sideband shapes and apparent coupling strengths in high-resolution optical spectra for chlorophyll-protein complexes such as WSCP.
Numerical study of rotating cavitation and pressure pulsations in a centrifugal pump impeller
Authors: Wu Yuhan , Xiang Chun , Mou Jiegang , Qian Heng , Duan Zhenhua , Zhang Sanxia , Zhou Peijian 
Published: October 2024

To investigate the variations in the flow field of centrifugal pumps with different cavitation numbers, this study utilized the shear stress transport k–ω turbulence model and Zwart–Gerber–Belamri cavitation model to examine the correlation between stall vortices and cavitation flow. The findings indicate that cavitation consistently coincides with the formation of stall vortices, and the distribution of cavitation mirrors the pattern of stall vortex structure. Cavitation tends to develop and aggregate around stall vortices, obstructing a significant portion of inlet areas within the flow channel. As the cavitation number decreases, both the area and intensity of stall vortices increase. For cavitations margins σ = 0.41, 0.23, and 0.15, we observed propagation frequencies of stall vortices at fs = 2.7, 1.8, and 0.9 Hz respectively, as these frequencies decrease relative to impeller movement until reaching near-stationary states. The pressure pulsations in various flow channels exhibit distinct phase differences; smaller cavity numbers result in larger phase disparities along with a gradual reduction in pressure pulsation amplitude. These discoveries present effective strategies for controlling and reducing both cavity formation and pressure fluctuations within centrifugal pumps, thereby enhancing overall stability.
Subsoil testing required to detect the rundown of soil potassium to deficient levels for wheat production on loam-textured soils
Authors: Scanlan Craig A. , Bell Richard , Cheng Miaomiao , Boyes Tim 
Published: October 2024

Context Long-term negative potassium (K) balances in crop production have depleted soil K levels in Western Australia (WA). Previous research has focussed on sand-textured soils, but recently, monitoring of crops grown on loam-textured soils has shown deficient or marginal shoot K concentrations where Colwell K 0–10 cm is above current critical levels. Aims The aims were to examine whether grain yield responses to fertiliser K can be detected on loam-textured soils and if soil test calibration curves can be identified for these soils. Methods Eight field trials were conducted with wheat on loam-textured soils. The same experimental design was used at all sites; six levels of K applied at sowing, from 0 to 200 kg K ha−1 with one treatment including a split application. Soil and plant test calibration curves were modelled using measurements from the trials. Key results Grain yield responses of 0.69 to 1.37 t ha−1 to fertiliser K (P < 0.05) occurred in 4 of 8 trials. Relative yield was closely related to soil exchangeable K and the goodness of fit of the soil test calibration curves increased as the depth of sampling increased. The best soil test calibration curve was for sampling 0–40 cm. Conclusions This research confirms that on some loam-textured soils, yield loss is occurring to K deficiency if no K fertiliser is applied. Implications As soil K reserves are run down, soil sampling at 0–40 cm on loam-textured soils will provide the most accurate monitoring of soil K deficiency for wheat production.
Exploring the evolution of the concept of liberty in the U.S. presidential inaugurals
Authors: Giménez-Moreno Rosa , Llàcer Eusebio V. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
As daily news unveils, fundamental human values such as equality and liberty can be expressed through various terms influenced by multiple factors, reaching significant levels of disparity, ambiguity and controversy, particularly in specific socio-political contexts. This article employs advanced corpus analysis tools to examine the lexical and semantic configuration of the “right to liberty” as expressed in the U.S. Declaration of Independence and as North American presidents have transmitted it throughout their presidential inaugural addresses. The corpus of speeches is analyzed diachronically to identify the prevalent terms, connotations, and associated semantic categories and observe their differences and evolution. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of the concept of liberty in this context and highlights its startling malleability in American politics.
Conceptualising meso translation policy
Authors: Wang Wanhong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Like language policy, translation policy is a complex adaptive phenomenon where multiple agents interact
dynamically at diverse levels and affect how principles such as equality, inclusion, and non-discrimination are implemented at
concrete, structural levels. While a fair amount of work has been done on top-down and bottom-up translation policy, more research
about meso-level translation policy is needed to better understand this topic. This study thus seeks to show how meso-level agency
needs to be taken into consideration; in particular, the complex interplays between meso-level agency and structural factors in
policymaking and appropriation processes. Taking two Toronto hospitals as examples, this study demonstrates how hospitals can be
conceptualised at a meso-level as collective agents. It examines the complexity of their agentive roles and elucidates their
exertion of agentive power in order to explore meso complexity, and to assess the subsequent impact on both policy outcomes and
people’s lives. To do so, a framework of parameters influencing, if not determining, the effectiveness of public service
translation and interpreting provision is proposed. It is then used in combination with an existing tripartite framework of
translation policy to develop a more fine-grained and holistic understanding of translation policy in public service settings.
Electronic states bound by repulsive potentials in graphene irradiated by a circularly polarized electromagnetic field
Authors: Kibis O V , Boev M V , Iorsh I V , Kovalev V M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In the framework of the Floquet theory of periodically driven quantum systems, it is demonstrated that irradiation of graphene by a circularly polarized electromagnetic field induces an attractive area in the core of repulsive potentials. Consequently, the quasi-stationary electron states bound by the repulsive potentials appear. The difference between such field-induced states in graphene and usual systems with the parabolic dispersion of electrons is discussed and possible manifestations of these states in electronic transport and optical spectra of graphene are considered.
Evidence for nematic fluctuations in FeSe superconductor: a 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy study
Authors: Hu Shixin , Xue Jijun , Wang Xiaoying , Pang Hua 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
There has been controversy about the driving force of the nematic order in the FeSe superconductor. Here, we present a detailed study of the 57Fe Mössbauer spectra of FeSe single-crystal powders, focusing on the temperature dependences of the hyperfine parameters in the vicinity of the nematic transition temperature, T
s ∼ 90 K. The nematicity-induced splitting of d
xz and d
yz bands, obtained from the anomalous increase in quadrupole splitting near T
s, starts at 143 K. The temperature evolution of the lattice dynamics, deduced from the recoilless fractions and second-order Doppler shifts, is found to undergo successively two segments of phonon-softening (160 K–105 K) and phonon-hardening (105 K–90 K), related to the appearance of local orthorhombic distortions above T
s and the establishing way of the associated nematic correlations. Analysis of the linewidths shows that spin fluctuations occur not only below 70 K but also across T
s (105 K–70 K), accompanied by the non-Fermi liquid behavior of the electrons. The results demonstrate the strong interactions between lattice, spin, and electron degrees of freedom in the vicinity of T
s and that the lattice degrees of freedom may play an essential role in driving the nematic order for FeSe.
Theoretical insights into off-stoichiometric Zr

(
x
)

Ti

(
1
−
x
)

IrSb half-Heusler alloys: a first principle calculations
Authors: Hadbi Mohammed , Demmouche Kamel , Eddine Mellah Djallal , Coutinho Jose 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study presents a theoretical investigation into the phase stability, electronic, and optical properties of off-stoichiometric

Zr

x

Ti

1
−
x

IrSb

(x = 0, 0.0625, 0.1875, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1) compounds. Using first-principles calculations, we explore how varying Zr and Ti concentrations can tune the electronic and optical properties of these half-Heusler alloys. The Structural, optical, and electronic properties were meticulously analyzed with both the GGA-PBE and Meta-GGA-SCAN approximations, as implemented in the Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package (VASP). The dynamical stability of these compounds was assessed using the Phonopy package. Our findings reveal that these alloys exhibit semiconductor behavior with tunable band gaps, and their optical properties show significant variation across different compositions, particularly in the visible light range. The compounds also demonstrate robust dynamical stability, indicating their potential for practical applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices. These results underscore the versatility of

Zr

x

Ti

1
−
x

IrSb

alloys and highlight their promise for next-generation technology.
Bruggeman homogenization of a particulate composite material comprising truncated spheres and spheroids
Authors: Iga-Buitrón Héctor M , Mackay Tom G , Lakhtakia Akhlesh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Closed-form expressions were established for depolarization dyadics for a truncated sphere and a truncated spheroid, both electrically small, immersed in a uniaxial dielectric ambient medium. These depolarization dyadics were used to develop the Bruggeman homogenization formalism to predict the relative permittivity dyadic of a homogenized composite material (HCM) arising from a randomly distributed mixture of oriented particles shaped as truncated spheres and spheroids. Unlike other homogenization formalisms, most notably the Maxwell Garnett formalism, the Bruggeman formalism is not restricted to composites containing dilute volume fractions of constituent particles. Numerical investigations highlighted the anisotropy of the HCM and its relation to the shapes of the constituent particles and their volume fractions. Specifically, greater degrees of HCM anisotropy arise from constituent particles whose shapes deviate more from spherical, especially for mid-range volume fractions.
A method for measuring hairline length and discriminating hairline recession grades based on the BiSeNet model
Authors: Ai Yuhua , Wei Guoliang , Wu Junke , Liu Shuting , Chen Bo , Zhang Zhenyu , Li Qimin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Hair plays an important role in a person’s appearance. According to a survey by the World Health Organization, approximately 70% of adults have scalp and hair problems. Doctors currently make hairline recession diagnoses based on hair loss criteria, but this approach is subjective. This paper proposes a novel method for objectively assessing hairline recession grades. First, the Bilateral Segmentation Network model is utilized to obtain a facial segmentation image. Second, this paper utilizes the connected components method to improve the facial segmentation results. Next, the labeling key points method is used to extract part of the features of the eyebrow and facial region and calculate the related values. Finally, the judgment of hairline length and hairline recession grade is realized by combining these features with camera calibration. In this paper, front-face images of 50 volunteers were collected for hairline recession grade determination. The judgment results of expert doctors on hairline length and hairline recession grade were compared with the judgment results of this method. The results showed a 1.3 cm difference in the average length of the hairline and about 80% similarity in hairline recession grade judgments. In conclusion, using machine vision methods to measure the height of the hairline provides objective and repeatable results.
A robust and efficient cubature Kalman filter based on the variational Bayesian method and its application in target tracking
Authors: Li Xiaonan , Ma Ping , Wen Xu , Chao Tao , Yang Ming 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a robust cubature Kalman filter (CKF) for nonlinear state-space models with unknown state and measurement noise covariance matrix. We study situations in which sensors are independent of each other. Therefore, the unknown measurement noise variance is modeled as an unknown inverse gamma (IG) distribution. The Gaussian-Student-t-inverse-Wishart (GSTIW) mixture distribution is used to model the one-step prediction distribution. Modeling generates numerous unknown parameters. Therefore, we adopt the statistical linearization method to linearize the observation function and then estimate the state and parameters separately to reduce the computational burden of estimating unknown parameters, significantly improving the algorithm’s efficiency. Finally, using the variational Bayesian method, a novel and efficient robust CKF based on the IG distribution and GSTIW mixture distributions (IG-GSTIW-CKF) is obtained. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method has better estimation accuracy than several advanced algorithms when sensors are independent. In addition, the efficiency of the proposed algorithm is significantly higher than that of other CKF-based methods.
Demonstrating Brownian motion and estimating Avogadro’s number using simple tools: a practical guide for students
Authors: Cahill Gary 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Brownian motion provides crucial observational evidence for the kinetic molecular theory by demonstrating the random perpetual movement of small particles. This phenomenon underscores the existence and behaviour of atoms and molecules, fundamentally supporting our current understanding of molecular kinetic theory. Remarkably, in 1905 Albert Einstein was able to predict this motion exactly purely from a theoretical point of view and in 1908 Jean Perrin provided experimental proof. This provided experimental proof of the existence of atoms and molecules. This paper outlines a method to demonstrate and record Brownian motion using a drop of homogenised low fat milk, a microscope and a mobile phone. The captured video files can be analysed with Physics Tracker software, allowing for the estimation of Avogadro’s number.
Measuring the Q-factor of a series RLC circuit with a smartphone as a function generator
Authors: Ortuño-Molina Santiago , Muñoz-Pérez Francisco M , Garmendía-Martínez Adrián , Castro-Palacio Juan C , Monsoriu Juan A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The use of smartphones as tools for teaching circuits has revolutionized the educational practice in this field. Free applications allow to measure the acoustic intensity with a smartphone and to generate an acoustic signal with a specific frequency. In this way, students turn their mobile devices into function generators and oscilloscopes, respectively, through the audio port. This innovation facilitates the implementation of hands-on experiments with basic circuits. This work implements a smartphone as a function generator connected to a series RLC circuit to obtain the average dissipated power and the corresponding Q-factor. A very good agreement is obtained between theoretical and experimental results.
One-dimensional magnetic excitonic insulators
Authors: Liu Jing , Qu Hongwei , Li Yuanchang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Dimensionality significantly affects exciton production and condensation. Despite the report of excitonic instability in one-dimensional materials, it remains unclear whether these spontaneously produced excitons can form Bose–Einstein condensates. In this work, we first prove statistically that one-dimensional condensation exists when the spontaneously generated excitons are thought of as an ideal neutral Bose gas, which is quite different from the inability of free bosons to condense. We then derive a general expression for the critical temperature in different dimensions and find that the critical temperature increases with decreasing dimension. We finally predict by first-principles GW-Bethe–Salpeter equation calculations that experimentally accessible single-chain staircase Scandocene and Chromocene wires are an antiferromagnetic spin-triplet excitonic insulator and a ferromagnetic half-excitonic insulator, respectively.