bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D and the characteristics associated with risk for knee pain among Korean older adults: Findings from a nationally representative survey
Authors: Lee Ari , Lee Jong‐Eun 
Published: July 2016

AimTo explore vitamin D and the risk factors associated with knee pain in a representative population of Korean older adultsMethodsData were analyzed from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010–2013). A total of 3874 participants (1728 men, 2146 women) aged 65 years and older who had a measured serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D level were evaluated. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D and knee pain severityResultsSex, age, obesity, education, knee radiographic osteoarthritis, hip pain and back pain were associated with having knee pain. Also, the level of serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D was not significantly associated with knee pain severity. After controlling for confounding factors, the level of serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D was not significantly associated with knee pain, and severity levels of mild, moderate and severe.ConclusionsThe results show that the serum vitamin D did not have a significant effect on knee pain in older adults in Korea. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1278–1285.
The challenges and opportunities in researching intimacy and sexuality in care homes accommodating older people: a feasibility study
Authors: Simpson Paul , Brown Wilson Christine , Brown Laura J.E. , Dickinson Tommy , Horne Maria 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAimTo explore the challenges of conducting research on sexuality and intimacy among older care home residents.BackgroundSexuality and intimacy are neglected in care policies and practices.DesignQualitative analytical study drawing on poststructuralist theorizing.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with residents and spouses (n = 6) and care staff (n = 16) in two care homes in Northwest England in 2014. The sample was obtained through a network of ‘research‐ready’ care homes. Thematic analysis was used to make sense of narratives with the aid of NVivo10.ResultsParticipant responses highlight the workings of ageist erotophobic discourse that undergirds the assumption of residents (and old people generally) as postsexual. This materialized in reservations about the research ranging from opposition on moral grounds to doubts about its feasibility given the age‐group concerned. However, residents and care home staff can also draw on counter‐discourses that resist/challenge ageist erotophobic thinking, which materialized in methodological and ethical recommendations.ConclusionParticipants generally agreed with the principle of the research and made recommendations that could counter/resist ageist erotophobic governance and guide researchers on sampling, style of questioning and communicating with (prospective) study participants on a sensitive subject.
The impact of individual and organizational resources on nurse outcomes and intent to quit
Authors: Brunetto Yvonne , Rodwell John , Shacklock Kate , Farr‐Wharton Rod , Demir Defne 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAimTo examine the impact of an individual resource factor (psychological capital) and an organizational resource (management support) on nurses’ intentions to quit.BackgroundNursing work can be stressful and as a consequence, nurses suffer greater stress and stress‐related sickness, including depression, than the general population. Stress can be mitigated in the workplace depending on the availability of resources in the workplace. Resources can come from the organization or the individual themselves.DesignThe study is quantitative using a cross‐sectional design.MethodsThe study analysed data from 242 nurses working in five Australian hospitals in the one regional network during 2013.FindingsThe predictors explained almost half of the variance of nurses’ intent to quit. Psychological capital had the dual benefits of reducing nurses’ perceptions of psychological distress and simultaneously increasing their job satisfaction.ConclusionPsychological capital is an example of the personal resources a nurse brings to work. Nurse managers can now understand the impact of a new form of protective resources that influence the levels of strain felt by nurses. If nurses present with low psychological capital, then up‐skilling nurses with these personal attributes will positively impact on their health and well‐being and, in turn, enhance the care of patients.
Methodological exemplar of integrating quantitative and qualitative evidence – supportive care for men with prostate cancer: what are the most important components?
Authors: Huntley Alyson L. , King Anna J.L. , Moore Theresa H.M. , Paterson Charlotte , Persad Raj , Sharp Debbie , Evans Maggie 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAimsTo present a methodological exemplar of integrating findings from a quantitative and qualitative review on the same topic to provide insight into components of care that contribute to supportive care that is acceptable to men with prostate cancer.BackgroundMen with prostate cancer are likely to live a long time with the disease, experience side effects from treatment and therefore have ongoing supportive care needs. Quantitative and qualitative reviews have been published but the findings have yet to be integrated.DesignIntegration of quantitative and qualitative synthesized evidence.Data sourceTwo previously published systematic reviews.Review methodsSynthesized evidence on supportive care for men with prostate cancer was integrated from two previously published systematic reviews: a narrative quantitative review and a qualitative review with thematic synthesis. These two streams of synthesized evidence were synthesized using concurrent narrative summary. Data from both reviews were used to develop a set of propositions from which a summary of components of care that likely to contribute to supportive care acceptable to men with prostate cancer were identified.ResultsNine propositions were developed which covered men's supportive care focusing on the role of health professionals. These propositions were used to compose nine components of care likely to lead to supportive care that is acceptable to men with prostate cancer. Some of these components are no/low cost such as developing a more empathic personalized approach, but more specific approaches need further investigation in randomized controlled trials, for example, online support.ConclusionThis methodological exemplar demonstrates the integration of quantitative and qualitative synthesized data to determine components of care likely to lead to provision of supportive care acceptable to men with prostate cancer.
Client and clinical staff perceptions of barriers to and enablers of the uptake and delivery of behavioural interventions for urinary incontinence: qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: French Beverley , Thomas Lois H. , Harrison Joanna , Coupe Jacqueline , Roe Brenda , Booth Joanne , Cheater Francine M. , Leathley Michael J. , Watkins Caroline L. , Hay‐Smith Jean ,   the ICONS Project Team and the ICONS Patient, Public and Carer Groups
Published: July 2016

AbstractAimTo evaluate factors influencing uptake and delivery of behavioural interventions for urinary incontinence from the perspective of clients and clinical staff.BackgroundBehavioural interventions are recommended as first‐line therapy for the management of urinary incontinence. Barriers to and enablers of uptake and delivery of behavioural interventions have not been reviewed.DesignQualitative evidence synthesis.Data sourcesMEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychInfo, AMED (inception to May 2013); Proceedings of the International Continence Society (ICS) (2006–2013).Review methodsStudies where data were collected from clients or staff about their experiences or perceptions of behavioural interventions were included. Two reviewers independently screened records on title and abstract. Full‐text papers were obtained for records identified as potentially relevant by either reviewer. Two reviewers independently filtered all full‐text papers for inclusion, extracted findings and critically appraised studies. We used an approach akin to Framework, using a matrix of pre‐specified themes to classify the data and facilitate its presentation and synthesis.ResultsSeven studies involving 200 participants identified clients’ views. Findings identified from at least one study of moderate quality included increased fear of accidents and convenience of treatment. Factors enabling participation included realistic goals and gaining control.Six studies involving 427 participants identified staff views. Findings identified from at least one study of moderate quality included staff education and perceptions of treatment effectiveness. Enabling factors included teamwork and experience of success.ConclusionThere is little detailed exploration of clients’ experiences of, and responses to, behavioural interventions. Evidence for staff relates predominantly to prompted voiding in long‐term residential care. Studies of the uptake and delivery of other behavioural interventions in other settings are warranted.
Revisiting the neuronal localization and trafficking of CLN3 in juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis
Authors: Oetjen Sandra , Kuhl Dietmar , Hermey Guido 
Published: July 2016

AbstractJuvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, the most common neurodegenerative disease affecting children, is caused by mutations of the CLN3 gene encoding CLN3, a transmembrane protein with so far undefined function. The embryonic expression of the gene has not been studied in detail before. Moreover, the protein CLN3 was mostly localized on the subcellular level to lysosomes but the exclusiveness is still under debate. Here, we analyze the expression pattern of murine CLN3 at different developmental stages by in situ hybridizations. We observe expression maxima in the developing thalamus and cerebral cortex and outside of the central nervous system in the gastrointestinal tract and other peripheral organs. In differentiated primary neurons, the protein CLN3 shows mainly a somatodendritic localization. In primary neurons, we thoroughly revisit the subcellular localization of CLN3 and find a predominant localization in late endosomal–lysosomal compartments. Moreover, we expressed the major mutant form of CLN3 – CLN3deltaExon7/8 – in neurons and demonstrate that it is retained in the endoplasmatic reticulum. Time‐lapse microscopy analysis of neurons revealed co‐trafficking of CLN3 with the late endosomal marker Rab7, but not with the early endosomal marker Rab5. Furthermore, a constitutive active mutant of Rab7 traps CLN3 in enlarged endosomes. Our subcellular localization study in neurons refines the localization and subcellular targeting of CLN3 to late endosomal–lysosomal compartments and provides information on the velocity of CLN3 in living neurons which has not been investigated before.
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Terror and bliss? Commonalities and distinctions between sleep paralysis, lucid dreaming, and their associations with waking life experiences
Authors: Denis Dan , Poerio Giulia L. 
Published: July 2016

SummarySleep paralysis and lucid dreaming are both dissociated experiences related to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Anecdotal evidence suggests that episodes of sleep paralysis and lucid dreaming are related but different experiences. In this study we test this claim systematically for the first time in an online survey with 1928 participants (age range: 18–82 years; 53% female). Confirming anecdotal evidence, sleep paralysis and lucid dreaming frequency were related positively and this association was most apparent between lucid dreaming and sleep paralysis episodes featuring vestibular‐motor hallucinations. Dissociative experiences were the only common (positive) predictor of both sleep paralysis and lucid dreaming. Both experiences showed different associations with other key variables of interest: sleep paralysis was predicted by sleep quality, anxiety and life stress, whereas lucid dreaming was predicted by a positive constructive daydreaming style and vividness of sensory imagery. Overall, results suggest that dissociative experiences during wakefulness are reflected in dissociative experiences during REM sleep; while sleep paralysis is related primarily to issues of sleep quality and wellbeing, lucid dreaming may reflect a continuation of greater imaginative capacity and positive imagery in waking states.
A preliminary study on the application of natural sweet proteins in agar‐based gels
Authors: Miele Nicoletta A. , Di Monaco Rossella , Dell'Amura Francesca , Rega Michele F. , Picone Delia , Cavella Silvana 
Published: July 2016

AbstractNatural sweet proteins may be used as sugar replacer in simple liquid food systems but their applicability in more complex matrices has not been investigated yet. Gelling agent nature and texture characteristics as well as type and distribution of a stimulus in a gel could affect taste perception through inhibition or enhancement of tastants migration to the receptors. The mechanical, nonoral texture and time‐intensity sweetness characteristics of sweet proteins MNEI and super sweet Y65R mutant, aspartame and saccharin added at a concentration iso‐sweet to 40 g/L of sucrose in three agar gel concentrations (1%, 1.5%, and 2%) were evaluated. The results have shown that agar concentration and agar sweetener interaction particularly affect mechanical fracture stress and non oral hardness of the sweetened gels. Time intensity results illustrated that unlike in solution, the intensity of sweet taste in a gelled system over time decreases. Indeed, the behavior of the sweet proteins differed greatly in the gelled system compared to when they are in solution.Practical applicationsMNEI has been proved to be a high‐potency sweetener for beverages, but the possibility to use it in semisolid foodstuff was not investigated yet. This study represented a preliminary characterization of two variants of natural sweetener monellin, MNEI and Y65R in semisolid model foodstuff. The data were an important scientific contribution to the knowledge of sweet proteins in agar‐based gels and could be useful in order to extend the possible application of these sweet proteins as low calorie sweeteners in semisolid foodstuffs. Some problems concerning their delivered sweetness in agar gels were underlined and their application should be optimized in order to improve sweetness conveyed.
The genetic architecture of resistance to virus infection in Drosophila
Authors: Cogni Rodrigo , Cao Chuan , Day Jonathan P. , Bridson Calum , Jiggins Francis M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractVariation in susceptibility to infection has a substantial genetic component in natural populations, and it has been argued that selection by pathogens may result in it having a simpler genetic architecture than many other quantitative traits. This is important as models of host–pathogen co‐evolution typically assume resistance is controlled by a small number of genes. Using the Drosophila melanogaster multiparent advanced intercross, we investigated the genetic architecture of resistance to two naturally occurring viruses, the sigma virus and DCV (Drosophila C virus). We found extensive genetic variation in resistance to both viruses. For DCV resistance, this variation is largely caused by two major‐effect loci. Sigma virus resistance involves more genes – we mapped five loci, and together these explained less than half the genetic variance. Nonetheless, several of these had a large effect on resistance. Models of co‐evolution typically assume strong epistatic interactions between polymorphisms controlling resistance, but we were only able to detect one locus that altered the effect of the main effect loci we had mapped. Most of the loci we mapped were probably at an intermediate frequency in natural populations. Overall, our results are consistent with major‐effect genes commonly affecting susceptibility to infectious diseases, with DCV resistance being a near‐Mendelian trait.
Democracy and national destinies on Taiwan
Authors: Phillips Steven 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn the case of Taiwan, experts have debated whether passionate national loyalties (Taiwanese or Chinese) facilitated or stymied democratization. This paper argues that nationalism facilitated political change in Taiwan. In fact, democratization during the 1980s and the 1990s was spurred in part by the pursuit of two conflicting national destinies. The Chinese Nationalist Party legitimized reform as the end of a century‐long process for the reconstruction of the Chinese nation. To many Nationalists, particularly those born on the mainland, Taiwan was the fulfilment of Sun Yat‐sen's vision of China known as the Three Principles of the People. At the same time, many opponents of the regime saw successful reform as one step towards the realization of a Taiwanese nation. Dominated by those who identified themselves as Taiwanese, generally those of Chinese descent whose ancestors had lived on Taiwan prior to 1945, these activists hoped to take power through the ballot box, then implement a series of policies to strengthen an island‐wide identity.
Next‐generation polyploid phylogenetics: rapid resolution of hybrid polyploid complexes using PacBio single‐molecule sequencing
Authors: Rothfels Carl J. , Pryer Kathleen M. , Li Fay‐Wei 
Published: July 2016

Summary

Difficulties in generating nuclear data for polyploids have impeded phylogenetic study of these groups. We describe a high‐throughput protocol and an associated bioinformatics pipeline (Pipeline for Untangling Reticulate Complexes (Purc)) that is able to generate these data quickly and conveniently, and demonstrate its efficacy on accessions from the fern family Cystopteridaceae. We conclude with a demonstration of the downstream utility of these data by inferring a multi‐labeled species tree for a subset of our accessions.

We amplified four c. 1‐kb‐long nuclear loci and sequenced them in a parallel‐tagged amplicon sequencing approach using the PacBio platform. Purc infers the final sequences from the raw reads via an iterative approach that corrects PCR and sequencing errors and removes PCR‐mediated recombinant sequences (chimeras).

We generated data for all gene copies (homeologs, paralogs, and segregating alleles) present in each of three sets of 50 mostly polyploid accessions, for four loci, in three PacBio runs (one run per set). From the raw sequencing reads, Purc was able to accurately infer the underlying sequences.

This approach makes it easy and economical to study the phylogenetics of polyploids, and, in conjunction with recent analytical advances, facilitates investigation of broad patterns of polyploid evolution.
Variation in leaf wettability traits along a tropical montane elevation gradient
Authors: Goldsmith Gregory R. , Bentley Lisa Patrick , Shenkin Alexander , Salinas Norma , Blonder Benjamin , Martin Roberta E. , Castro‐Ccossco Rosa , Chambi‐Porroa Percy , Diaz Sandra , Enquist Brian J. , Asner Gregory P. , Malhi Yadvinder 
Published: July 2016

Summary

Leaf wetting is often considered to have negative effects on plant function, such that wet environments may select for leaves with certain leaf surface, morphological, and architectural traits that reduce leaf wettability. However, there is growing recognition that leaf wetting can have positive effects.

We measured variation in two traits, leaf drip tips and leaf water repellency, in a series of nine tropical forest communities occurring along a 3300‐m elevation gradient in southern Peru. To extend this climatic gradient, we also assembled published leaf water repellency values from 17 additional sites. We then tested hypotheses for how these traits should vary as a function of climate.

Contrary to expectations, we found that the proportion of species with drip tips did not increase with increasing precipitation. Instead, drip tips increased with increasing temperature. Moreover, leaf water repellency was very low in our sites and the global analysis indicated high repellency only in sites with low precipitation and temperatures.

Our findings suggest that drip tips and repellency may not solely reflect the negative effects of wetting on plant function. Understanding the drivers of leaf wettability traits can provide insight into the effects of leaf wetting on plant, community, and ecosystem function.
Bayesian Modelling of Networks in Complex Business Intelligence Problems
Authors: Durante Daniele , Paganin Sally , Scarpa Bruno , Dunson David B. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryComplex network data problems are increasingly common in many fields of application. Our motivation is drawn from strategic marketing studies monitoring customer choices of specific products, along with co-subscription networks encoding multiple-purchasing behaviour. Data are available for several agencies within the same insurance company, and our goal is to exploit co-subscription networks efficiently to inform targeted advertising of cross-sell strategies to currently monoproduct customers. We address this goal by developing a Bayesian hierarchical model, which clusters agencies according to common monoproduct customer choices and co-subscription networks. Within each cluster, we efficiently model customer behaviour via a cluster-dependent mixture of latent eigenmodels. This formulation provides key information on monoproduct customer choices and multiple-purchasing behaviour within each cluster, informing targeted cross-sell strategies. We develop simple algorithms for tractable inference and assess performance in simulations and an application to business intelligence.
Psychometric properties of the Affect Phobia Test
Authors: Frankl My , Philips Björn , Berggraf Lene , Ulvenes Pål , Johansson Robert , Wennberg Peter 
Published: July 2016

The aim of this study was to make the first evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Affect Phobia Test, using the Swedish translation – a test developed to screen the ability to experience, express and regulate emotions. Data was collected from a clinical sample (N = 82) of patients with depression and/or anxiety participating in randomized controlled trial of Internet‐based affect‐focused treatment, and a university student sample (N = 197). The internal consistency for the total score was satisfactory (Clinical sample α = 0.88/Student sample α = 0.84) as well as for all the affective domains, except Anger/Assertion (α = 0.44/0.36), Sadness/Grief (α = 0.24/0.46) and Attachment/Closeness (α = 0.67/0.69). Test retest reliability was satisfactory (ICC > 0.77) for the total score and for all the affective domains except for Sadness/Grief (ICC = 0.04). The exploratory factor analysis resulted in a six‐factor solution and did only moderately match the test's original affective domains. An empirical cut‐off between the clinical and the university student sample were calculated and yielded a cut‐off of 72 points. As expected, the Affect Phobia test showed negative significant correlations in the clinical group with measures on depression (rxy = −0.229; p < 0.01) and anxiety (rxy = −0.315; p < 0.05). The conclusion is that the psychometric properties are satisfactory for the total score of the Affect Phobia Test but not for some of the test's affective domains. Consequently the domains should not be used as subscales. The test can discriminate between individuals who seek help for psychological problems and those who do not.