bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FONCTIONNEMENT ADVERBIAL ET SENS EN EMPLOI DE À UN POINT (QUE P)
Authors: BOUCHAREB Sonia 
Published: August 2016

<p><strong>RÉSUMÉ.</strong><strong> </strong><em>A un point que</em> est présenté par les dictionnaires de langue, notamment le<em> </em><em>Trésor de la Langue Française</em> (<em>TLF</em><em>i</em>) comme une locution adverbiale « assimilable à un adverbe de degré, d’intensité » (article <em>Point</em>). Il s’agit là, en fait, non pas de sa nature mais de l’un de ses emplois. En emploi adverbial, cette séquence en <em>point</em> présente une latitude combinatoire conforme à celle des adverbes de degré. En dépit de ce comportement adverbial, <em>à un point que P</em> est identifié, dans le cadre de cet article, non pas comme une locution adverbiale mais comme une locution prépositionnelle à complément zéro. D’un point de vue sémantique, elle constitue un adverbe de degré tout comme <em>beaucoup, très, extrêmement</em> et <em>énormément</em> toutefois <em>à un point que P</em> véhicule un degré bien plus intense. Ce sens émane, selon nous, de l’association du sens de chacun de ses éléments constitutifs.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Mots-clés: </strong><em>adverbe, degré,</em><em> </em><em>intensifieur, locution, </em><em>modifieur, </em><em>quantifieur, structure interne.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><strong>ABSTRACT.</strong><em> </em><em>A un point que</em> is defined by language dictionaries, especially by the<em> Trésor de la Langue Française </em>(<em>TLFi</em>),<em> </em>as an adverbial locution « comparable to an adverb of degree or intensity » (<em>Point</em>). In fact this is not a definition of its nature but of one of its uses. In its adverbial usage, this sequence in <em>point</em> presents combinatorial latitude in accordance with adverbs of degree. Despite this adverbial behavior, <em>à un point que P</em> is not identified, within the frame of this article, with an adverbial locution but with a prepositional locution with a zero complement. It is an adverb of degree as <em>beaucoup, très, extrêmement</em> and <em>énormément. </em>Yet, <em>à un point que P </em>conveys<em> </em>a more intense degree. According to us, this meaning comes from the combination of the meaning of each constitutive element.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> <em>adverb, degree, intensifier, internal structure, locution, modifier, quantifier.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p>
A sedimentação em uma abordagem sistêmica
Authors: Zerfass Henrique , Zerfass Geise de Santana dos Anjos 
Published: August 2016

A sedimentação pode ser vista como um sistema na superfície da Terra. A mesma apresenta um atributo fundamental de sistema, a equifinalidade, traduzida na busca da estabilidade entre erosão e deposição. O sistema sedimentar possui entrada e saída de massa e energia e transferência interna de massa. A energia adicionada é térmica e gravitacional. A massa é incorporada por meio de absorção de gases atmosféricos, chuva e neve, intemperismo e erosão, e fotossíntese. A energia sai como de perda de calor e acumulação de energia química nas rochas. A massa é perdida por intermédio da incorporação ao registro estratigráfico, decomposição da matéria orgânica e liberação de gases para a atmosfera. É possível ainda uma divisão em subsistemas, combase na energia motora: (i) inércia, (ii) gradientes de densidade, (iii) marés e (iv) ondas. Em termos didáticos, a visão sistêmica aproxima disciplinas como sedimentologia, paleontologia e geoquímica
BEAMING OF PARTICLES AND SYNCHROTRON RADIATION IN RELATIVISTIC MAGNETIC RECONNECTION
Authors: Kagan Daniel , Nakar Ehud , Piran Tsvi 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Relativistic reconnection has been invoked as a mechanism for particle acceleration in numerous astrophysical systems. According to idealized analytical models, reconnection produces a bulk relativistic outflow emerging from the reconnection sites (X-points). The resulting radiation is therefore highly beamed. Using two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we investigate particle and radiation beaming, finding a very different picture. Instead of having a relativistic average bulk motion with an isotropic electron velocity distribution in its rest frame, we find that the bulk motion of the particles in X-points is similar to their Lorentz factor γ, and the particles are beamed within

. On the way from the X-point to the magnetic islands, particles turn in the magnetic field, forming a fan confined to the current sheet. Once they reach the islands they isotropize after completing a full Larmor gyration and their radiation is no longer strongly beamed. The radiation pattern at a given frequency depends on where the corresponding emitting electrons radiate their energy. Lower-energy particles that cool slowly spend most of their time in the islands and their radiation is not highly beamed. Only particles that quickly cool at the edge of the X-points generate a highly beamed fan-like radiation pattern. The radiation emerging from these fast cooling particles is above the burn-off limit (∼100 MeV in the overall rest frame of the reconnecting plasma). This has significant implications for models of gamma-ray bursts and active galactic nuclei that invoke beaming in that frame at much lower energies.
HOW SOFT GAMMA REPEATERS MIGHT MAKE FAST RADIO BURSTS
Authors: Katz J. I. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
There are several phenomenological similarities between soft gamma repeaters (SGRs) and fast radio bursts (FRBs), including duty factors, timescales, and repetition. The sudden release of magnetic energy in a neutron star magnetosphere, as in popular models of SGRs, can meet the energy requirements of FRBs, but requires both the presence of magnetospheric plasma, in order for dissipation to occur in a transparent region, and a mechanism for releasing much of that energy quickly. FRB sources and SGRs are distinguished by long-lived (up to thousands of years) current-carrying coronal arches remaining from the formation of the young neutron star, and their decay ends the phase of SGR/AXP/FRB activity even though “magnetar” fields may persist. Runaway increases in resistance when the current density exceeds a threshold, releases magnetostatic energy in a sudden burst, and produces high brightness GHz emission of FRB by a coherent process. SGRs are produced when released energy thermalizes as an equlibrium pair plasma. The failures of some alternative FRB models and the non-detection of SGR 1806-20 at radio frequencies are discussed in the appendices.
STRONG EVIDENCE FOR THE DENSITY-WAVE THEORY OF SPIRAL STRUCTURE IN DISK GALAXIES
Authors: Pour-Imani Hamed , Kennefick Daniel , Kennefick Julia , Davis Benjamin L. , Shields Douglas W. , Abdeen Mohamed Shameer 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
The density-wave theory of galactic spiral-arm structure makes a striking prediction that the pitch angle of spiral arms should vary with the wavelength of the galaxy’s image. The reason is that stars are born in the density wave but move out of it as they age. They move ahead of the density wave inside the co-rotation radius, and fall behind outside of it, resulting in a tighter pitch angle at wavelengths that image stars (optical and near-infrared) than those that are associated with star formation (far-infrared and ultraviolet). In this study we combined large sample size with wide range of wavelengths, from the ultraviolet to the infrared to investigate this issue. For each galaxy we used an optical wavelength image (B-band: 445 nm) and images from the Spitzer Space Telescope at two infrared wavelengths (infrared: 3.6 and 8.0 μm) and we measured the pitch angle with the 2DFFT and Spirality codes. We find that the B-band and 3.6 μm images have smaller pitch angles than the infrared 8.0 μm image in all cases, in agreement with the prediction of density-wave theory. We also used images in the ultraviolet from Galaxy Evolution Explorer, whose pitch angles agreed with the measurements made at 8 μm.
Breast cancer: An overview of published Indian data
Authors: Rangarajan Bharath , Shet Tanuja , Wadasadawala Tabassum , Nair Nita S. , Sairam R. Madhu , Hingmire Sachin S. , Bajpai Jyoti 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe Incidence of breast cancer has been steadily increasing in the last two decades, more so in urban areas of the sub-continent. Cancer ceters across the country have large numbers of patients being treated with multiple publications in this field. Inspite of paucity of prospective data and randomised clinical trials from India, there are large number of retrospective publications on various aspects of the disease including pathology, radiology, surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, palliative care and alternatitive treatment modalities. These published data provide an insight into the trends of breast cancer in the country and this comprehensive data review of Indian data will provide a basis for designing trials relevant to our population and planning health care.
Lung cancer in the Indian subcontinent
Authors: Noronha Vanita , Pinninti Rakesh , Patil Vijay M. , Joshi Amit , Prabhash Kumar 
Published: August 2016

AbstractSmoking tobacco, both cigarettes and beedis, is the principal risk factor for causation of lung cancer in Indian men; however, among Indian women, the association with smoking is not strong, suggesting that there could be other risk factors besides smoking. Despite numerous advances in recent years in terms of diagnostic methods, molecular changes, and therapeutic interventions, the outcomes of the lung cancer patients remain poor; hence, a better understanding of the risk factors may impact the preventive measures to be implemented at the community level. There is a lack of comprehensive data on lung cancer in India. In this review, we attempt to collate the available data on lung cancer from India.
Indian data on bone and soft tissue sarcomas: A summary of published study results
Authors: Ramaswamy Anant , Rekhi Bharat , Bakhshi Sameer , Hingmire Sachin , Agarwal Manish 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBone sarcomas are rare tumors, approximating 0.2% of all cancers, with osteosarcoma (OGS), chondrosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma being the most common cancers in this subset. The formation of disease management groups/clinics focused on sarcomas has resulted in better understanding and management of these uncommon tumors. Multiple large-scale retrospective data from Tata Memorial Hospital (TMH) and All India Institute of Medical Sciences have reported outcomes comparable to Western data in the field of OGS and Ewing sarcoma, with interesting prognostic factors identified for further evaluation. Soft tissue sarcomas are a rare heterogeneous group of tumors, more than 50 different tumor entities. The common subtypes identified in India include Ewing sarcoma and synovial sarcoma. Valuable work regarding brachytherapy has been done by radiation oncologists from the TMH, especially in pediatric patients.
Social Participation in Schools: A Survey of Occupational Therapy Practitioners
Authors: Leigers Kelly , Myers Christine , Schneck Colleen 
Published: August 2016

AbstractOBJECTIVE. We sought to identify strategies and practices that school-based occupational therapy practitioners use in addressing social participation, their perceptions of competence, and factors influencing their strategies and practices.METHOD. Surveys were sent to 500 randomly selected members of the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Early Intervention and School Special Interest Section; 112 usable surveys were received from 36 states.RESULTS. Respondents reported focusing on internal client factors when addressing social participation. Fewer than half (46.5%) indicated that they understood their role (mean [M] = 4.23, standard deviation [SD] = 1.22), and 57.1% desired greater understanding or ability (M = 4.64, SD = 1.29). Differences were found based on years of experience, service delivery model used, and services provided by diagnosis category.CONCLUSION. School-based occupational therapy practitioners may need to expand their current practices in addressing student social participation. Findings may be used to develop interventions to address this area of practice.
Health-Promoting Physical Activity of Children Who Use Assistive Mobility Devices: A Scoping Review
Authors: Jirikowic Tracy L. , Kerfeld Cheryl I. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Children with physical disabilities who use assistive mobility devices (AMDs) are at risk for obesity and other secondary health conditions. Habitual physical activity is one lifestyle factor that may prevent obesity and contribute to overall health, and an active lifestyle in childhood improves prospects for lifelong healthy behaviors. Child, family, and environmental facilitators and barriers influence health-promoting physical activity (HPPA) for children without disabilities, but comparable models and levels of understanding for children who use AMDs are lacking. In this scoping review, we identified a similar set of child, family, and environmental facilitators and barriers relevant to HPPA participation among children who use AMDs. Noted gaps in the literature included limited reporting of AMD use, inconsistent HPPA definitions, and inadequate measurement tools for children who are nonambulatory. The identified child, family, and environmental factors provide a framework for occupational therapy practitioners and interprofessional teams to develop HPPA opportunities and interventions for an underserved population.
Occupational Therapy Home Modification Assessment and Intervention
Authors: Somerville Emily , Smallfield Stacy , Stark Susan , Seibert Carol , Arbesman Marian , Lieberman Deborah 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Evidence Connection articles describe a clinical application of a systematic review developed in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) Project. This Evidence Connection provides a case report of a client referred to occupational therapy for home modification assessment and intervention, applying the evidence from the systematic review of home modifications conducted in conjunction with the EBP Project. The client received in-home occupational therapy after side effects of liver disease resulted in increased falls within her home.
Factors predicting mortality of elderly patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Thongbai Thirada , Thanapirom Kessarin , Ridtitid Wiriyaporn , Rerknimitr Rungsun , Thungsuk Rattikorn , Noophun Phadet , Wongjitrat Chatchawan , Luangjaru Somchai , Vedkijkul Padet , Lertkupinit Comson , Poonsab Swangphong , Ratanachu-ek Thawee , Hansomburana Piyathida , Pornthisarn Bubpha , Mahachai Varocha , Treeprasertsuk Sombat 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Background
Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common gastrointestinal disease emergency and a cause of morbidity and mortality.

Objectives
To assess the clinical outcomes and explore predictive factors for mortality of elderly patients with acute UGIB.

Methods
During the study period from January 2010 to September 2011, we prospectively enrolled 981 patients presenting with UGIB from 11 hospitals (mean age ± standard deviation (SD), 59.4 ± 14.9 years; range, 17–94 years; including 661 men). Of these 981 patients, 499 (50.9%) were elderly. Basic demographic data and clinical findings, and Rockall scores were collected and calculated.

Results
We studied 499 elderly patients. Their mean age ± SD was 71.63 ± 7.65 years. The 30-day mortality rate was 9% and rebleeding was just 1%. Regression analysis showed a pulse rate >100 beats per min at first visit, red blood in a nasogastric aspiration, comorbidity with coronary artery disease, and creatinine >1.5 mg/dL were independent predictive factors of 30-day mortality.

Conclusions
Peptic ulcer bleeding is a major cause of acute UGBI in the elderly. We recommend patients with predictive factors of mortality, pulse rate >100 beats per min at first visit, red blood in nasogastric aspiration, comorbidity with coronary artery disease, and creatinine >1.5 mg/dL be closely monitored and treated promptly. Reducing mortality from peptic ulcer bleeding should focus on preventing peptic ulcer occurrence as a result of ulcerogenic medications.
Serum microRNA-34a is potential biomarker for inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Muangpaisarn Puth , Jampoka Kanisa , Payungporn Sunchai , Wisedopas Naruemon , Bunchorntavakul Chalermrat , Tangkijvanich Pisit , Treeprasertsuk Sombat 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Background
MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) contributes to liver injury through an apoptosis pathway.

Objective
To determine the correlation between serum miR-34a and liver inflammation as assessed by nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score (NAS).

Method
We included a cross-selectional study of 50 patients with NAFLD in this observational study and confirmed diagnosis by liver biopsy, with NAS grading. A control group comprised 23 healthy individuals without chronic liver disease. Serum miR-34a was assayed using a real-time quantitative PCR (Applied Biosystems).

Result
The mean age of NAFLD patients was 46.0 ± 13.7 years, and 52% were female. Metabolic syndrome was found in 76%. Liver histopathology showed that 54% of patients had NAS ≥4 and significant fibrosis (≥2) was found in 22%. Serum levels of miR-34a were significantly correlated with NAS (r = 0.39, P = 0.005), and the degree of steatosis (r = 0.28, P = 0.049), ballooning (r = 0.30, P = 0.034), and fibrosis (r = 0.39, P = 0.005). Serum miR-34a in patients with NAS ≥4 was significantly higher than in those with NAS <4 (P = 0.011) and controls (P < 0.001). There was no significant correlation between serum miR-34a and other variables. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve for serum miR-34a comparing patients with NAS ≥4 and with NAS <4 was 0.67 (95% CI 0.52, 0.82).

Conclusion
Serum level of miR-34a has a significant fair to good correlation with NAS and may serve as a biomarker of liver inflammation and fibrosis in patients with NAFLD.
Study the Impact of Employing Action Research on Middle School Teachers' Performance
Authors: Rahmanimehr Hourieh , Sharifi Asghar 
Published: August 2016

This research aims to study the impact of employing action research on middle school teachers' performance in district 3 education of Tehran in 2015 educational year. With regard to its aim, this study can be considered as an applied research and regarding the data collection method, it is a descriptive(ex post facto) research. The population of this study includes middle school teachers working in district 3 education of Tehran in 1394 educational year. A study sample of 100 individuals was selected through random stratified sampling method and divided into two groups of 50 teachers. Research tool was the organizational performance questionnaire by Hersey and Goldsmith (2003). This questionnaire was set up as a 5-point scale questionnaire and includes seven sub-scales(ability, clarity, assistance, encouragement, evaluation, validity and environment). Validity of instrument was determined by Goldsmith through content method and in this research content validity was used as well. In addition, reliability factor of the questionnaire is 87% which is calculated by Cronbach’s alpha. Data collected from questionaries was analyzed using independent T-tests and Manova in two different levels of descriptive and Inferential statistics. The results of the current research indicate that in general deploying action research affects performance of middle school teachers in district 3 education of Tehran. In secondary hypotheses using action research is effective considering ability, clarity, assistance, encouragement, evaluation, validity and environment while it has no effect on examining teachers’ performance. Besides, analyzing lateral findings of multivariate analysis of variance claims that in sample group's view, there is no significant difference between teacher’s performance divided by years of experience or levels of education.
Growth behavior of hexagonal GaN on Si(100) and Si(111) substrates prepared by pulsed laser deposition
Authors: Wang Wei-Kai , Jiang Ming-Chien 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the microstructure and optical properties of hexagonal GaN (h-GaN) films grown by high-temperature pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on Si(100) and Si(111) substrates. The growth mechanism, crystallization, and surface morphology of h-GaN deposition on both Si(100) and Si(111) substrates were monitored by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy at various times in the growth process. Our results indicated that the h-GaN grown on Si(111) has better crystalline structure and optical properties than that on Si(100) owing to the smaller mismatch of the orientations of the Si(111) substrate and h-GaN film. On the Si(100) substrate, the growth principles of PLD and N2 plasma nitridation are the main contributions to the conversion of the cubic GaN into h-GaN. Moreover, no significant Ga–Si meltback etching was observed on the GaN/Si surface with the PLD operation temperature of 1000 °C. The TEM images also revealed that an abrupt GaN/Si interface can be obtained because of the suppression of substrate–film interfacial reactions in PLD.
Greater aerial moisture transport distances with warming amplify interbasin salinity contrasts
Authors: Singh Hansi K. A. , Donohoe Aaron , Bitz Cecilia M. , Nusbaumer Jesse , Noone David C. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe distance atmospheric moisture travels is fundamental to Earth's hydrologic cycle, governing how much evaporation is exported versus precipitated locally. The present‐day tropical Atlantic is one region that exports much locally evaporated moisture away, leading to more saline surface waters in the Atlantic compared to the Indo‐Pacific at similar latitudes. Here we use a state‐of‐the‐art global climate model equipped with numerical water tracers to show that over half of the atmospheric freshwater exported from the Atlantic originates as evaporation in the northern Atlantic subtropics, primarily between 10°N and 20°N, and is transported across Central America via prevailing easterlies into the equatorial Pacific. We find enhanced moisture export from the Atlantic to Pacific with warming is due to greater distances between moisture source and sink regions, which increases moisture export from the Atlantic at the expense of local precipitation. Distance traveled increases due to longer moisture residence times, not simply Clausius‐Clapeyron scaling.
Climate impacts of geoengineering in a delayed mitigation scenario
Authors: Tilmes S. , Sanderson B. M. , O'Neill B. C. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDecarbonization in the immediate future is required to limit global mean temperature (GMT) increase to 2°C relative to preindustrial conditions, if geoengineering is not considered. Here we use the Community Earth System Model (CESM) to investigate climate outcomes if no mitigation is undertaken until GMT has reached 2°C. We find that late decarbonization in CESM without applying stratospheric sulfur injection (SSI) leads to a peak temperature increase of 3°C and GMT remains above 2° for 160 years. An additional gradual increase and then decrease of SSI over this period reaching about 1.5 times the aerosol burden resulting from the Mount Pinatubo eruption in 1992 would limit the increase in GMT to 2.0° for the specific pathway and model. SSI produces mean and extreme temperatures in CESM comparable to an early decarbonization pathway, but aridity is not mitigated to the same extent.