bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renin‐angiotensin blockade ameliorates the progression of glomerular injury in podocyte‐specific Ctcf knockout mice
Authors: Fujioka Keisuke , Nagai Takashi , Hattori Tomoki , Kagami Shoji , Yasutomo Koji , Galjart Niels , Hirayama Teruyoshi , Kawachi Hiroshi , Urushihara Maki 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimSeveral studies have shown that the progression of proteinuria and renal tissue injury is associated with activation of the intrarenal renin‐angiotensin system (RAS). CCCTC‐binding factor (CTCF) is a DNA‐binding factor that plays an essential role in the regulation of gene expression. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the phenotypic effects of CTCF deficiency in podocytes.MethodsAngiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) were administered to the podocyte‐specific Ctcf knockout mice, and histological and biochemical analyzes were performed. We also investigated the changes in the expression of podocin in podocyte cell cultures with or without stimulation with angiotensin II from glomeruli isolated using magnetic beads from podocyte‐specific Ctcf knockout mice.ResultsMice in which Ctcf was deleted from podocytes developed glomerulopathy and mice developed severe progressive proteinuria, and impaired renal function. Moreover, ARBs suppressed the development of glomerulopathy in podocyte‐specific Ctcf knockout mice. Both real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting showed that podocin expression was decreased in cell cultures stimulated with angiotensin II. Furthermore, RAS components gene expressions in podocyte cell cultures isolated from podocyte‐specific Ctcf knockout mice were significantly increased.ConclusionThese results suggest that RAS is involved in the development of glomerulopathy in podocyte‐specific Ctcf knockout mice. Elucidation of the pathophysiology of podocyte‐specific Ctcf knockout mice may provide new insights into the relationship between podocyte injury and chronic glomerulonephritis.image
Exploring the Utility of a Novel Approach of Evaluating Application of a Validated Violence Risk Assessment Instrument
Authors: Maguire Tessa , Daffern Michael , Willetts Georgina , McKenna Brian 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMental health nurses are often responsible for assessment/management of inpatient aggression. Validated instruments such as the Dynamic Appraisal of Situational Aggression (DASA), can aid risk assessment. However, limited attention has been paid to evaluating nurses' ability to administer risk assessment instruments. An entrustable professional activity may offer way of evaluating risk assessment clinical activities. DASA trainers' perceptions of the value and utility of an EPA were explored via collection of data through focus groups, with 17 participants from six countries. Thematic analysis was conducted to analyze the data. Three themes were interpreted: (1) DASA trainers‐a way of knowing and being (2) An EPA‐something you did not know you need until you see it; (3) The DASA‐EPA supports the need for training and importance of integrity in assessment. Trainers engaged in innovative ways to ensure training is suitable and responsive to needs of nurses and their setting. Participants understood how an EPA could be used to evaluate DASA administration, monitor DASA use, provide feedback, and highlight the importance of training to ensure best practice.
Development and clinical application of bioelectrical impedance analysis method for body composition assessment
Authors: Son Jang Won , Han Byoung‐Duck , Bennett Jonathan P. , Heymsfield Steve , Lim Soo 
Published: October 2024

SummaryObesity, which is characterized by excessive body fat, increases the risk of chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers. Sarcopenia, a decline in muscle mass, is also associated with many chronic disorders and is therefore a major concern in aging populations. Body composition analysis is important in the evaluation of obesity and sarcopenia because it provides information about the distribution of body fat and muscle mass. It is also useful for monitoring nutritional status, disease severity, and the effectiveness of interventions, such as exercise, diet, and drugs, and thus helps assess overall health and longevity. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry are commonly used for this purpose. However, they have limitations, such as high cost, long measurement time, and radiation exposure. Instead, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), which was introduced several decades ago and has undergone significant technological advancements, can be used. It is easily accessible, affordable, and importantly, poses no radiation risk, making it suitable for use in hospitals, fitness centers, and even at home. Herein, we review the recent technological developments and clinical applications of BIA to provide an updated understanding of BIA technology and its strengths and limitations.
Clinical Outcomes of Full‐Endoscopic Visualized Foraminoplasty and Discectomy for Lumbar Disc Herniation with Bilateral Radiculopathy
Authors: Shi Changgui , Wu Lecheng , Tang Guoke , Sun Bin , Xu Ning , Lin Wenbo , Liu Jia , Xu Guohua 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveThe treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) with bilateral radiculopathy using transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy (TELD) remains challenging, especially at the L5/S1 level with narrow foramen or high iliac crest. Full‐endoscopic visualized foraminoplasty and discectomy (FEVFD) is a newly developed technique for LDH and lumbar stenosis. However, there is limited evidence on the efficacy of FEVFD technique in the treatment of LDH with bilateral radiculopathy. This study was to assess the clinical outcomes and safety of using FEVFD in the treatment of LDH with bilateral radiculopathy.MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled 63 patients with LDH presenting with bilateral radiculopathy between January 2018 and January 2022. Patients enrolled before January 2020 were treated using a conventional transforaminal endoscopic surgical system (TESSYS) technique (TESSYS, n = 33) and treated using a FEVFD technique after that (FEVFD, n = 30). The total operation time and the number of intraoperative fluoroscopies were recorded. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and visual analog scale (VAS) were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively (at 1‐month, 3‐month, 6‐month, and final follow‐ups). Global outcomes at final follow‐up were assessed using modified MacNab criteria.ResultsCompared with TESSYS, patients in FEVFD group had a shorter operation time (92.9 vs. 78.0 min). The intraoperative fluoroscopies in FEVFD group were significantly lower than those in TESSYS group (18.7 vs. 4.9). After the operation, the VAS and ODI scores at all follow‐ups in the two groups were significantly lower than those before operation. For the L5/S1 level, the values of VAS and ODI scores in FEVFD group were significantly lower than those of in TESSYS group at 3‐month, 6‐month, and final follow‐up. For the L4/5 level, however, no significant difference was found in VAS and ODI scores between these two groups at the follow‐ups. According to the modified MacNab criteria, the excellent‐to‐good rate in TESSYS and FEVFD groups was 84.8% and 90.0%, respectively.ConclusionFor LDH with bilateral radiculopathy, using the FEVFD technique could not only reduce the operation time and radiation, but also improve the clinical outcomes at the L5/S1 level.
Complicated Spinal Stenosis and Spinal Deformity in Patients with Achondroplasia: Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Fu Wenyang , Gao Xianlei , Wang Xia , Xu Rongkun , Li Shangye , Wang Lianlei , Liu Xinyu 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveDue to the low incidence of achondroplasia (Ach), there is a relative lack of research on the treatment and management of spinal complications of Ach. Characteristics and interventions for spinal complications in patients with Ach are in urgent need of investigation. This study aimed to summarize the common spinal complications in patients with Ach and the corresponding treatment strategies.MethodsThis study is a retrospective case series. We retrospectively collected and analyzed Ach cases who presented to our hospital with neurological symptoms due to skeletal anomalies between February 2003 and October 2023. A total of seven patients were included, four males (57.1%) and three females (42.9%) with a mean age of 38.57 years. Patient pain/numbness visual analog scale (VAS), preoperative Oswestry disability index (ODI), development of neurological complaints, and presentation of skeletal abnormalities were collected and followed up routinely at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months postoperatively. The relevant literature was reviewed.ResultsSeven patients were included in this series. The mean preoperative VAS was 4, and the mean preoperative ODI was 50.98%. All patients had concomitant spinal stenosis, four with thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK), and one with scoliosis. Six of the seven patients underwent surgery, and one patient received conservative treatment. In the routine follow‐ups, all patients experienced satisfactory relief of symptoms. Only one of the seven patients developed a new rare lesion adjacent to the primary segments. Six months after the first surgery, a follow‐up visit revealed thoracic spinal stenosis caused by ossification of the ligamentum flavum, and his symptoms were relieved after thoracic decompression surgery.ConclusionsAch seriously affects the skeletal development of patients and can lead to the development of spinal stenosis, spinal deformities, and other complications of the locomotor system. Surgery remains the primary treatment for complications of the musculoskeletal system. Specific surgical approaches and comprehensive, long‐term management are critical to the treatment of patients with spinal complications.
Respiratory dysfunction in childhood cancer survivors: A single institution study
Authors: Fukushima Hiroko , Suzuki Ryoko , Yamaki Yuni , Hosaka Sho , Inaba Masako , Kido Takahiro , Masumoto Kouji , Muroi Ai , Suzuki Hideo , Takada Hidetoshi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecently, while the overall survival rate of childhood cancer has improved, research has highlighted a high incidence of comorbidities in childhood cancer survivors (CCSs). However, it is likely that many asymptomatic comorbidities go unnoticed. The purpose of the current study was to identify comorbidities unique to Japanese CCSs through comparisons with a general population that underwent comparable comprehensive medical checkups.MethodsThe patient group included CCSs who had completed their cancer treatment, were aged 16 years or older, and underwent the comprehensive medical checkups at the University of Tsukuba Hospital between 2018 and 2020. The control group included members of the general population who underwent comprehensive medical checkups at the same hospital in 2018.ResultsSeventeen CCSs and 59 controls were included. Among the CCSs, the median ages at medical checkup and diagnosis were 22.1 years (range, 16–39) and 8.7 years (range, 1.3–14.8), respectively. Incidence of abnormalities in respiratory function, hearing function, and body mass index was higher in CCSs (52.9%, p = 0.013; 17.6%, p < 0.001; and 41.2%, p = 0.080, respectively) compared with controls.ConclusionAsymptomatic pulmonary dysfunction was detected in the comprehensive medical checkup as a unique comorbidity in CCSs. Because the odds ratio of mortality due to respiratory failure is high in CCSs, as previously reported, we believe that detection of pulmonary dysfunction and the promotion of a healthy lifestyle are important. The evaluation of the pulmonary function may not typically be included in routine clinical visits, but it could be necessary for comprehensive medical evaluation in CCSs.
Towards a new generation of fluvial facies models for the interpretation of ancient deposits, based on inter‐annual peak discharge variance of modern rivers
Authors: Fielding Christopher R. , Alexander Jan , Argiro Adam 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTFluvial facies models based on river planform are flawed and not fully fit for purpose. An alternative approach to classifying fluvial deposits is based on river discharge characteristics. A recent paper showed that the co‐efficient of variance of annual peak discharge (CVQp) correlates well with the characteristics of preserved alluvium for a suite of modern rivers. Here, the database of rivers is expanded and augmented, and the utility of this statistic confirmed. For modern rivers, plotting the running‐value of CVQp for a set interval (for example, 30 years) over a longer discharge record shows that the statistic varies both spatially and temporally. The CVQp can rise abruptly at a given location in response to a single flow event if that event is significantly larger than is common in that river. Such abrupt changes in CVQp are superimposed on longer‐term patterns of more gradual change stimulated by environmental factors or anthropogenic effects such as dam construction. If the period of calculation for CVQp is relatively short, ‘anomalous’ events appear more frequently. Sequential studies of modern rivers indicate that such anomalous events have a high probability of being preserved in the alluvial record of the river, and suggest that, over the timeframes of channel filling and abandonment, they may constitute the dominant (characteristic) portion of the record in high CVQp systems. Since flow events with strongly peaked hydrographs (flashy discharges) are more common in high CVQp systems and leave a record dominated by upper flow regime stratification styles, it follows that the alluvial record of high CVQp rivers will be dominated by upper flow regime stratification. In contrast, in lower CVQp systems the occurrence of an event that changes the running CVQp value significantly may form a distinct event deposit, and the temporarily changed CVQp is unrepresentative for the duration of the channel's life. The dominance of upper flow regime stratification, together with decreased preservation of identifiable macroform structure, increased lateral lithological heterogeneity, and in many cases increased preservation of in situ tree fossils in channel deposits of higher CVQp rivers, forms the basis for a series of new facies models for low, moderate, high and very high/ultra‐high CVQp alluvial systems and deposits. The new models can be applied to ancient successions either in combination with traditional, planform‐based models, or not. These models provide information about ancient palaeoenvironmental conditions, and changes in such conditions over time at various scales via stratigraphic investigations.
Three Philosophies of Person‐Centred Care, From the Perspectives of Care Workers and Managers Supporting Older People
Authors: Lombard Daniel 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe prominence of person‐centred care has been widely recognised in recent decades. In England, care governance frameworks prioritise the views and wishes of individual people receiving support. Despite workforce development initiatives linked to this agenda, there remains no consensus on the meaning of person‐centred care in the English care sector. An actor‐centred study explored understandings of person‐centred care from the perspective of care workers and managers working with older people in residential and community care. Analysis of interviews with 20 participants led to development of a typology based on the beliefs, values and practices of the interviewees. The three typological groups interpreted person‐centred care within their own distinctive philosophies: Nurturing Mental Health, Nurturing Agency and Nurturing Intimacy. The findings offer fresh insight into the ways an abstract concept is understood within the context of day‐to‐day practice with older people. Existing workforce development guidance encourages professionals to understand person‐centred care by enacting a series of wide‐ranging, desirable outcomes, which is potentially confusing for those working on the front line. This study shows, instead of trying to be all things to all people, staff emphasise a few specific outcomes and values in enacting person‐centred care, reflecting nuances in their overall understanding of older people's well‐being.
Involvement of Sex Hormones and Their Receptors in the Pathogenesis of Classic Kaposi's Sarcoma in Xinjiang
Authors: Wei Meng , Jiang Xin , Bian Yi , Fan Jun‐Wei 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aims to examine the expression of androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER) in patients with classic Kaposi's sarcoma (CKS) in Xinjiang, as well as to assess the serum levels of sex hormones in these patients. The objective is to explore potential new directions and targets for diagnosing and treating CKS in Xinjiang.MethodsThe case group comprised 35 patients diagnosed with CKS who presented at our hospital from 2014 to 2021. The control group consisted of 35 patients with pyogenic granuloma (PG) who visited the hospital during the same period, selected using propensity score matching (PSM). Immunohistochemistry was used to detect AR, human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV‐8), and ER in paraffin‐embedded tissue samples from patients diagnosed with CKS and PG. Additionally, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to quantitatively measure serum sex hormone levels in the 35 patients with CKS and 35 patients with PG.ResultsAR expression was relatively weak in both the CKS and PG groups, with the PG group exhibiting a slightly stronger expression than the CKS group. Conversely, the expression of ER was significantly higher in the CKS group compared to the PG group (p < 0.05). Additionally, serum testosterone (T) levels were elevated in the CKS group, while serum estradiol (E2) levels were higher in the PG group (p < 0.05).ConclusionSex hormones and their receptors are implicated in the pathogenesis of CKS in Xinjiang. The use of ER antagonists may represent a novel avenue for research and treatment of CKS.
Schooling in camp: Incarceration camps and the Japanese American school experience during World War II
Authors: Tsou Tzung‐Ruei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to explore the school experiences of Japanese American children and teenagers who were incarcerated in camps during World War II following the issuance of Executive Order 9066 on February 19, 1942.MethodsThe study examines video interviews available in Densho's online archive, focusing on the educational experiences of second‐generation Japanese Americans who resumed their education in the camps.ResultsThe analysis reveals that many interviewees reported positive experiences in camp schools, despite the poor conditions. A key factor contributing to these positive experiences was the dedication of teachers, who not only promoted academic success but also addressed the psychological and emotional needs of the incarcerated students.ConclusionWhile many interviewees highlighted the supportive role of teachers, the negative effects of incarceration on their school experiences cannot be overlooked, as a significant number recalled unpleasant aspects of their education in the camps. Moreover, the incarceration of Japanese Americans still has contemporary implications.
Unbounding the future: New directions for climate‐changed geographies
Authors: Cox Savannah 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis commentary reflects on the contributions that human geography has made to climate change research, as well as future directions for human geographic work on climate change. I suggest that one of the key achievements of the field is to render climate change a boundary object: an entity whose interpretive flexibility allows it to become a shared object of knowledge that, in principle, facilitates collaboration across disparate communities of practice. However, the ways in which that contribution has been made, and made possible, have effects that ripple elsewhere. While the subfield of political ecology and its historiographical methods have played vital roles in laying the intellectual foundations for human geographic work on climate change, and thus its ability to construct climate change as a boundary object in the first place, I suggest that they and other neo‐Marxian approaches to the study of the (climate‐changing) environment tend to diminish human geographic engagement with the future as an object of scholarly inquiry. To address that limitation and help push climate‐changed geographies in novel directions, I suggest that climate‐changed futures be engaged problematically. I then conclude with a discussion of key empirical domains—chiefly climate reparations and climate adaptation—where such problem‐oriented work may be productively applied.
Ratios of calcium to citrate administration in blood transfusion for traumatic hemorrhage: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Alghanem Husam , Liu Nathan Chi‐Ping , Gupta Atul , Liao Chuanhong , Wool Geoffrey David , Rubin Daniel Steven , Carll Timothy 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundMassive transfusion with citrated blood products causes hypocalcemia, which is associated with mortality. Recognition of this problem has led to increased calcium administration; however, the optimal dosing is still unknown.Study Design and MethodsThis retrospective, single‐center study included level 1 trauma patients in 2019 and 2020 who underwent an operation within 12 h of arrival and received a transfusion. Preoperative and intraoperative administrations were totaled to calculate the ratio of administered calcium to the number of blood transfusions for each patient. The citrate content of each blood component was estimated to calculate a second ratio, the ratio of administered calcium to administered citrate. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were performed on both ratios to determine the optimal cutoff values for predicting severe hypocalcemia (ionized calcium <0.9 mmol/L) and hypercalcemia (>1.35 mmol/L) at the end of the intraoperative period.ResultsA total of 506 trauma activations were included, receiving a mean of 17.4 citrated blood products and 16.3 mmol of calcium (equivalent to 2400 mg of calcium chloride). No ratio was statistically significant in differentiating severely hypocalcemic patients from the rest. A calcium to blood ratio of 0.903 mmol of administered calcium per citrated blood product differentiated hypercalcemic patients from the rest.DiscussionQuantifying received calcium and citrated blood products was insufficient to predict severe hypocalcemia, suggesting other contributions to hypocalcemia. We demonstrated an upper‐limit ratio for calcium administration in traumatic hemorrhage; however, further studies are required to determine what calcium dosing regimen results in the best outcomes.