bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fractography of Pressed and Sintered Ferrous Powders
Authors: Hu Bo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article focuses on the fractography features of the conventional powdered metal (PM) process for ferrous powders. It discusses porosity, which is one of the inherent features present in components produced by conventional press-and-sinter processes, and green cracks, which are the most common fracture issue in conventional PM processes. It explains the effect of post-sintering operations. The article also presents the common ferrous powder metallurgy materials.
Fractography of Carbon and Alloy Steels
Authors: Haase Ryan , Hanke Larry 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this article, a basic summary of fracture mechanisms in carbon and alloy steels is presented, along with numerous examples of these fractures. These examples include ductile fracture, brittle cleavage fracture, intergranular fracture, fatigue fracture, and environmentally assisted failure mechanisms.
Публікації П. Хавлюка з історії ремесел і технологій
Authors: Кізлова Антоніна 
Published: September 2024

The aim of the article is to characterize P. Khavliuk’s scientific publications dedicated to the history of crafts and technologies in order to determine the main directions and key ideas of his research. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity. General scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, systematization and generalization, as well as the comparative-historical method, have been applied. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time, P. Khavliuk’s publications dedicated to the history of crafts and technologies have been comprehensively characterized, the main directions of his research and key ideas regarding the development of ancient crafts have been identified. Conclusions. P. Khavliuk emerges as an archaeologist and historian who was not afraid to revise established theories and sought to comprehensively illuminate the history of ancient crafts and technologies, taking into account the results of his own archaeological surveys and excavations, primarily in the Southern Buh region, using a complex of research approaches, including experimental archaeology, comparative analysis, and integration of data from various scientific disciplines. The scientist’s attention was drawn not only to purely technological aspects but also to economic and social aspects of craft development. The main directions of P. Khavliuk’s research encompass pottery, metallurgy, millstone production, and jewellery making of various cultural groups and periods: Zarubyntsi and Chernyakhiv cultures, early Slavs, and Uliches. Key theoretical foundations of P. Khavliuk’s works include rethinking the role of local traditions in the development of crafts, particularly insisting on the independent development of Ulichian jewellery making. He also made an important contribution to understanding the evolution of millstone production technologies, ceramics, and metal items. Based on archaeological findings, the researcher drew conclusions about the level of craft development, production specialization, and trade connections, considering the development of crafts in a broad economic and social context. It is important to note the evolution of P. Khavliuk’s ideas throughout his scientific career. His later works demonstrate a more critical approach to established theories and a deeper understanding of the complexity of cultural interactions in craft development. Although P. Khavliuk’s works contain a deep analysis of many aspects of ancient crafts, he also pointed out the need for further research, particularly in the field of cultural influences and technological exchanges between different tribes and cultures.
KESESUAIAN LAHAN PLTS DENGAN SPASIAL MULTI-CRITERA ANALISIS DALAM MENDUKUNG PARIWISATA BERKELANJUTAN KEK MANDALIKA LOMBOK TENGAH
Authors: Pradono Kuncoro Adi , Wibowo Adi 
Published: September 2024

Abstrak: Pulau Lombok sebagai destinasi wisata super prioritas memiliki potensi besar dalam pengembangan energi terbarukan, khususnya energi surya, untuk mendukung pariwisata berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesesuaian lahan pembangunan PLTS (Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya) dengan pendekatan spatial multi-criteria analysis (SMCA) di wilayah KEK Mandalika Lombok Tengah. Parameter yang digunakan meliputi tutupan lahan, kelerengan, radiasi matahari (PVout), jarak dari jalan dan sungai. Pengolahan data spasial dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak open source yaitu: QGIS, ILWIS, pustaka GDAL dan Google Earth Engine. Hasil analisis menunjukkan 70% atau sekitar 69 ribu hektar wilayah Kabupaten Lombok Tengah memiliki kesesuaian yang tinggi untuk pembangunan PLTS, terutama di bagian selatan dekat kawasan pariwisata. Wilayah ini memiliki karakteristik lahan yang sesuai untuk PLTS dan berpotensi meningkatkan perekonomian lokal melalui konversi lahan pertanian kurang produktif. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa studi kelayakan perencanaan PLTS dapat melalui metode spasial untuk mendukung pariwisata berkelanjutan di Lombok Tengah.Abstract: Lombok Island as a super priority tourist destination has great potential in the development of renewable energy, especially solar energy, to support sustainable tourism. The objective of this study is to analyze the suitability of land for solar power plant (PLTS) development with a spatial multi-criteria analysis (SMCA) approach in the Mandalika SEZ area of Central Lombok. The parameters used include land cover, slope, solar radiation (PVout), distance from roads and rivers. Spatial data processing is done using open source software such as QGIS, ILWIS, GDAL library and Google Earth Engine. The results of the analysis show that 70% or about 69 thousand areas of Central Lombok Regency have high suitability for developing solar power plants, especially in the southern part near the tourism area. This area has suitable land characteristics for PLTS and has potential for improvement of local economy through conversion of less productive agricultural land. The results of the research are expected to provide an overview of the feasibility study of PLTS planning through spatial methods to support sustainable tourism in Central Lombok.
KEBEBASAN INDIVIDU DALAM PUISI “KUPU MALAM DAN BINIKU” KARYA CHAIRIL ANWAR DAN “RUWET” KARYA FITRI NGANTHI WANI
Authors: Nandisa Zikra Aura , Respatiko Anggun Sepmiruni , Hartati Dian 
Published: September 2024

Kebebasan individu merupakan hak individu dalam melakukan berbagai hal. Kebebasan individu dapat menyebabkan seseorang bebas melakukan hal yang dapat memenuhi seluruh hawa nafsu terhadap kesenangan duniawi tanpa memikirkan pandangan orang lain. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hubungan pengarang dan kehidupan sosial terhadap karya yang diciptakan. Metode kualitatif deskriptif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan teknik membaca dan mencatat larik puisi yang merujuk pada aspek sosiologi sastra. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah puisi “Kupu Malam dan Biniku” karya Chairil Anwar dan puisi “Ruwet” karya Fitri Nganthi Wani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada persamaan permasalahan yang diangkat pada kedua puisi, yaitu kebebasan individu yang dibatasi oleh kebebasan individu lain. Konteks kebebasan pada kedua puisi berbeda karena pengaruh latar kehidupan pengarang.
Complementary therapy to reduce pain intensity to treat chronic pain in fracture patients: A systematic review
Authors: Gunawan Gunawan , Upoyo Arif Setyo , Triyanto Endang , Ramawati Dian , Sari Yunita 
Published: September 2024

Background: Patients with fractures often experience significant pain. Complementary therapies are considered helpful in reducing pain levels in those suffering from fractures. The aim of this systematic review is to explore the impact of complementary therapy on pain reduction in fracture patients.
Purpose: To assess the impact of complementary therapy affects fracture patients' levels of pain.
Method: A systematic review approach in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Articles were gathered from online databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, with full-text publications in English from 2012 to 2023. Among these, four were published in China and two in Iran. Quality evaluation was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Skills Program. The severity of pain in the six studies was measured using the standard Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).
Results: The review included six articles, which demonstrated that complementary therapies can reduce pain in fracture patients. Various complementary intervention techniques were utilized in the studies, including foot intervention, reflexology, auricular acupressure, and elbow intervention therapy. Before and after the interventions, the mean pain intensity scores were 5.72 ± 0.97 in the intervention group and 5.66 ± 0.92 in the control group.
Conclusion: Complementary intervention therapy can significantly reduce pain in patients with fractures. However, additional research is needed to confirm these findings and explore other complementary therapy methods.
Bone health in transgender assigned female at birth people: effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy and gonadectomy
Authors: Sanna Elena , Lami Alessandra , Giacomelli Giulia , Alvisi Stefania , Paccapelo Alexandro , Seracchioli Renato , Meriggiola Maria Cristina 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionGender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) and gender-affirming surgery (GAS) may be desired by transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals who want to affirm their gender identity. Testosterone is the basis of GAHT for transgender individuals assigned female at birth (AFAB), whereas GAS can involve hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy, bilateral oophorectomy (BO), thorax masculinization, and phalloplasty. Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of GAHT on the bone health of TGD AFAB individuals who have undergone or not undergone BO.MethodsThis was a single-center, longitudinal study with retrospectively collected data. TGD AFAB GAHT-naïve individuals were enrolled and underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans and laboratory tests (hormonal and bone metabolism parameters) at baseline and after 5 and 10 years of GAHT.ResultsTwo hundred and forty-three TGD AFAB people were included in this study. Seventy-five subjects had completed data for 5 years and 19 subjects for 10 years of GAHT. At baseline, low bone density (Z-score &lt; –2.0) was found in 2.5% (6/243) of subjects for lumbar spine (LS), whereas total hip (TH) and femoral neck (FN) Z-scores and laboratory tests were within the normal female range. After stratifying by physical activity, the physically active group showed significantly higher LS BMD and Z-scores (p ≤ 0.05). Five years after the start of GAHT, a significant reduction in LS (p ≤ 0.05), TH (p ≤ 0.001), and FN (p ≤ 0.01) Z-scores was detected. A significant reduction in the Z-scores of all three bone sites was observed only in the subgroup that had undergone BO. After 5 years of GAHT, estradiol levels were significantly decreased compared to those in baseline (p ≤ 0.001). Significantly higher estradiol levels were detected in the 5-year no-BO subgroup compared to those in the 5-year BO subgroup (p ≤ 0.001). A significant reduction in LS and TH Z-scores were observed after 10 years of GAHT. At this time, estradiol levels were significantly decreased compared to those in baseline (p ≤ 0.01).ConclusionBone density in TGD AFAB individuals is comparable to that in their peers prior to GAHT and BO, but those subjects who underwent BO had a reduced Z-score at LS, FN, and TH after 5 years and at LS after 10 years of GAHT.
Genetic etiology of autism spectrum disorder in the African population: a scoping review
Authors: Hakizimana Olivier , Hitayezu Janvier , Uyisenga Jeanne P. , Onohuean Hope , Palmeira Leonor , Bours Vincent , Alagbonsi Abdullateef Isiaka , Uwineza Annette 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) characterized by significant impairments in social, communicative, and behavioral abilities. However, only a limited number of studies address the genetic basis of ASD in the African population. This study aims to document the genes associated with ASD in Africa and the techniques used to identify them. Additionally, genes identified elsewhere but not yet in Africa are also noted.MethodsOnline databases such as Wiley Online Library, PubMed, and Africa Journal Online were used. The review was conducted using the keyword related to genetic and genomic ASD study in the African population.ResultIn this scoping review, 40 genetic studies on ASD in Africa were reviewed. The Egyptian and South African populations were the most studied, with 25 and 5 studies, respectively. Countries with fewer studies included Tunisia (4), East African countries (3), Libya (1), Nigeria (1), and Morocco (1). Some 61 genes responsible for ASD were identified in the African population: 26 were identified using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method, 22 were identified using sequencing technologies, and 12 genes and one de novo chromosomal aberration were identified through other techniques. No African study identified any ASD gene with genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Notably, at least 20 ASD risk genes reported in non-African countries were yet to be confirmed in Africa’s population.ConclusionThere are insufficient genetic studies on ASD in the African population, with sample size being a major limitation in most genetic association studies, leading to inconclusive results. Thus, there is a need to conduct more studies with large sample sizes to identify other genes associated with ASD in Africa’s population using high-throughput sequencing technology.
The magnitude of anemia and its associated factors among pregnant women in Hawela Tula Sub-city of Hawassa, Hawassa, Ethiopia
Authors: Tesfaye Sileshi , Petros Legese , Tulu Israel Alemayehu , Feleke Fentaw Wassie 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionAnemia is one of the most serious health problems impacting people worldwide. The disease is quiet, moving slowly and producing only a few physical symptoms. Anemia during pregnancy raises the risk of premature birth, low birth weight, and fetal anomalies, and it can have a substantial financial impact on society and families. However, there was a paucity of studies on the magnitude and associated factors of anemia among pregnant women in southern Ethiopia.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the magnitude and associated factors of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care in the Hawella Tula Sub-city of Hawassa City in 2021.MethodsInstitution-based cross-sectional study was done on 341 randomly selected pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics. Data were obtained using a standardized semi-structured questionnaire. To identify the associated factors for the magnitude of anemia logistic regression model was used with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated.ResultsThe prevalence of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care in health facilities of Hawella Tula Sub-city was 113 (33.7%) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) (28.8, 38.9). Male-headed household (AOR = 2.217, 95% CI: 1.146, 4.286), rural resident (AOR = 3.805, 95% CI: 2.118, 6.838), early marriage below 18 years (AOR = 2.137, 95% CI: 1.193, 3.830), and recurrent of illness during pregnancy (AOR = 3.189, 95% CI: 1.405, 7.241) were associated factors for anemia.ConclusionAnemia prevalence among pregnant women was 113 (33.7%). Anemia among pregnant women was associated with rural residents, early marriage age below 18 years, and repeated illnesses during pregnancy.
Genetic effect of basal metabolic rate on the benign neoplasm of bone and articular cartilage: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Huang Guijin , Yao Ying , Fan Lin , Li Sisi 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundPrevious studies have found an association between basal metabolic rate (BMR) and various malignant neoplasms, including bone tumors. BMR is also associated with bone mineral density, but the causality between BMR and benign neoplasms of bone and articular cartilage remains uncertain.DesignSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with BMR (p &lt; 5 × 10-8) were used as instrumental variables for Mendelian randomization analysis of neoplasm risk. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was the primary approach, with the weighted median and MR-Egger regression serving as supplements.ResultsIn this MR analysis, the IVW method supported a causal relationship between BMR and benign neoplasms of bone and articular cartilage (OR = 1.417; 95% CI, 1.039 to 1.930; p = 0.027). No evidence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy in the selected SNPs was found in our study. Thus, based on these results, we discovered a possible causal relationship between BMR and benign neoplasms of bone and articular cartilage.ConclusionsIn this MR study, evidence suggested a genetic correlation between genetically predicted BMR and the risk of neoplasms in bone and articular cartilage.
Anoikis in prostate cancer bone metastasis gene signatures and therapeutic implications
Authors: Xia Wei , Ye Miao , Jiang Bo , Xu Gang , Xiao Guancheng , Zeng Qingming , Huang Ruohui 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundBone metastasis from prostate cancer severely impacts patient outcomes and quality of life. Anoikis, a form of programmed cell death triggered by the loss of cell-matrix interactions, plays a critical role in cancer progression. However, its precise relationship with prostate cancer-induced bone metastasis remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate this relationship, focusing on anoikis-related gene signatures, molecular pathways, and therapeutic implications.MethodsWe used the TCGA-PRAD dataset for training, with MSKCC and GSE70769 as validation cohorts. To evaluate immunotherapy efficacy, we examined IMvigor 210 and GSE91016 datasets, and GSE137829 provided single-cell insights into prostate cancer. Specific anoikis-related genes (ARGs) were identified, and Random Survival Forest analysis and multivariate Cox regression were employed to develop anoikis-linked features. The ‘clustanoikisProfilanoikis’ and ‘GSEA’ packages were used to explore potential ARG-related pathways.ResultsAnalyzing 553 samples from TCGA, 231 from MSKCC, 94 from GSE70769, and single-cell data from 6 prostate cancer patients (GSE137829), we constructed a prognostic model based on 9 ARGs. GSVA revealed upregulation of carcinogenic pathways, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, E2F targets, and angiogenesis, with downregulation of metabolic pathways. Significant differences in somatic mutations were observed between cohorts, with a positive correlation between anoikis scores and tumor mutational burden (TMB). Immune landscape analysis suggested high-risk patients might benefit more from chemotherapy than immunotherapy based on their risk score. Single-cell analysis indicated overactivation of carcinogenic pathways in the high anoikis score group.ConclusionThis study elucidates the complex interplay between anoikis and bone metastasis in prostate cancer. Our findings highlight the critical role of anoikis in metastatic progression, enhancing the understanding of key biomarkers and molecular dynamics. The identified anoikis-related gene signatures and disrupted pathways offer promising avenues for predictive and therapeutic strategies in prostate cancer management.
Empowering patients: how accurate and readable are large language models in renal cancer education
Authors: Halawani Abdulghafour , Almehmadi Sultan G. , Alhubaishy Bandar A. , Alnefaie Ziyad A. , Hasan Mudhar N. 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThe incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into healthcare sector has fundamentally transformed patient care paradigms, particularly through the creation of patient education materials (PEMs) tailored to individual needs. This Study aims to assess the precision and readability AI-generated information on kidney cancer using ChatGPT 4.0, Gemini AI, and Perplexity AI., comparing these outputs to PEMs provided by the American Urological Association (AUA) and the European Association of Urology (EAU). The objective is to guide physicians in directing patients to accurate and understandable resources.MethodsPEMs published by AUA and EAU were collected and categorized. kidney cancer-related queries, identified via Google Trends (GT), were input into CahtGPT-4.0, Gemini AI, and Perplexity AI. Four independent reviewers assessed the AI outputs for accuracy grounded on five distinct categories, employing a 5-point Likert scale. A readability evaluation was conducted utilizing established formulas, including Gunning Fog Index (GFI), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Formula (FKGL). AI chatbots were then tasked with simplifying their outputs to achieve a sixth-grade reading level.ResultsThe PEM published by the AUA was the most readable with a mean readability score of 9.84 ± 1.2, in contrast to EAU (11.88 ± 1.11), ChatGPT-4.0 (11.03 ± 1.76), Perplexity AI (12.66 ± 1.83), and Gemini AI (10.83 ± 2.31). The Chatbots demonstrated the capability to simplify text lower grade levels upon request, with ChatGPT-4.0 achieving a readability grade level ranging from 5.76 to 9.19, Perplexity AI from 7.33 to 8.45, Gemini AI from 6.43 to 8.43. While official PEMS were considered accurate, the LLMs generated outputs exhibited an overall high level of accuracy with minor detail omission and some information inaccuracies. Information related to kidney cancer treatment was found to be the least accurate among the evaluated categories.ConclusionAlthough the PEM published by AUA being the most readable, both authoritative PEMs and Large Language Models (LLMs) generated outputs exceeded the recommended readability threshold for general population. AI Chatbots can simplify their outputs when explicitly instructed. However, notwithstanding their accuracy, LLMs-generated outputs are susceptible to detail omission and inaccuracies. The variability in AI performance necessitates cautious use as an adjunctive tool in patient education.
The prevalence of developmental coordination disorder in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Huaqiang , Ke Xiaohua , Huang Dunbing , Xu Xiaqing , Tian Huan , Gao Jiaxin , Jiang Cai , Song Wei 
Published: September 2024

PurposeThe aim of the study was to synthesize previous evidence and clarify the prevalence of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) in children by meta-analysis.MethodsA comprehensive computerized search of databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases, was conducted to identify relevant national and international articles published before 18 December 2023 on DCD prevalence in children. The meta-analysis of prevalence was conducted using Stata 18.0.ResultsA total of 18 papers involving 31,203 patients were included. The prevalence of children with DCD was found to be 5%. A subgroup analysis showed that prevalence was 7% [95% confidence interval (CI) 4%–10%] and 4% (95% CI 3%–7%) for boys and girls, respectively; 4% (95% CI 2%–8%), 2% (95% CI 2%–2%), and 6% (95% CI 3%–10%) in Asia, Europe, and North America, respectively; and 18% (95% CI 8%–31%) and 6% (95% CI 4%–7%) for preterm (&lt;37 weeks) and term infants (≥37 weeks), respectively. The prevalence of very low birth weight children (&lt;1,250 g) with DCD was found to be 31%.ConclusionIn this study, we found that the prevalence of children with DCD in the general population was 5% and that preterm infants (&lt;37 weeks) and very low birth weight infants (&lt;1,250 g) have a higher prevalence of DCD and require early screening and regular follow-up.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/, Identifier (CRD42024503320).