bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Key Messages of Urodynamic Studies in Cases of Urinary Incontinence and Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Retrospective Review
Authors: Chughtai Novera G , Rizvi Raheela M , Kashif Urooj 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTObjectivesThere is conflicting evidence regarding the indications of urodynamic studies (UDS) and various guidelines. American urogynecologic Society (AUGS), National Instititute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE), and WHO provide variant indications for UDS testing. For developing countries, there are no data to support the usefulness of UDS. Considering the cost, invasiveness, and expertise required for UDS, we planned to review UDS performed at Aga Khan University and Hospital (AKUH) from 2007 to 2014. Our purpose of study was to derive important conclusive messages as a guideline for future practices.Study designThis is a cross-sectional retrospective review of 500 patients undergoing UDS from 2007 to 2014.ResultsComparison between clinical diagnoses and urodynamic diagnoses was done and frequencies were computed. The mean age of the patients was 61.1 years, the mean body mass index was 25 and mean parity was 4.1. There was a matching between clinical and urodynamic findings of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and overactive bladder (OAB), but disparity was observed in cases of mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Occult SUI was found in 33% of patients with POP.ConclusionKey messages were derived for future practice stating that for cases of SUI and OAB, UDS are not required, but patients with complex MUI, chronic LUTS, and neurogenic bladder warrant UDS.How to cite this articleChughtai NG, Rizvi RM, Kashif U. Key Messages of Urodynamic Studies in Cases of Urinary Incontinence and Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Retrospective Review. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2016;8(4):299-303.
A Comparative Study of e-Partogram with Conventional Partogram
Authors: Krishnaswamy Priyanka H , Shetty Achal , Venkatraman Padmalatha 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Obstructed labor remains an important cause of not only maternal death but also short- and long-term disability. Even though the partogram serves to assist in effective monitoring of the progress of labor and the condition of the mother and baby, its use in developing countries is limited.

Aim
To compare the reliability of mobile application-based e-partogram for feto-maternal monitoring in labor with the conventional World Health Organization (WHO) partogram.

Setting
A total of 40 patients in the delivery suite at Rangadore Memorial Hospital, Shankarapuram, Bengaluru.

Design
A randomized controlled trial.

Materials and methods
Study population was randomized into two groups of 20 patients each. Labor events, delivery, and baby details were randomly filled either in the modified WHO partogram or in the e-partogram app.

Outcome measures
The primary outcomes analyzed were regularity of monitoring of maternal and fetal parameters, consultant supervision of labor, and retrospective filling of data. Secondary outcomes studied were the mode of delivery, blood loss up to 24 hours of delivery, 1 and 5 minutes neonatal APGAR score.

Statistical analysis used
Averages and proportions were calculated for the study and appropriate statistical tests like chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Z-test, and Levene's test for equality of variances were done using MiniTab version 16.

Results
The regularity of monitoring maternal parameters (p-value of 0.001) and consultant supervision (p-value of 0.000) was significantly higher using the e-partogram compared with those whose labor was monitored using the paper partogram. Retrospective filling of the partogram was higher in the modified WHO (on-paper) partogram (p-value of 0.000). The secondary outcomes — mode of delivery, blood loss up to 24 hours of delivery, 1 and 5 minutes neonatal APGAR score — were not significantly different between the two groups (p-value > 0.05).

Conclusion
The e-partogram can provide safe births by increasing the quality and regularity of important observations on the progress of labor and early detection of problems by consultants, which can lead to better decision-making and earlier referrals. It also makes remote monitoring of labor possible, promotes logical human resource allocation, supports recordkeeping, and is thus a pragmatic way to reduce both maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity.

How to cite this article
Krishnaswamy PH, Venkatraman P, Shetty A. A Comparative Study of e-Partogram with Conventional Partogram. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2016;8(4):319-323.
Profound Benefits of Prenatal Diagnosis in the Quality of Life and Care of Clefts
Authors: Lazarou Spiros A 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Prenatal diagnosis of clefts has had a profound benefit in the care of these children. The shock of the surprise appearance, especially the complete bilateral cleft with the protruding premaxilla, was a profoundly disrupting and stressful experience for the family. Prenatal diagnosis, especially when coupled with the option of neonatal surgery, allows calm discussion with the family and a well-thought treatment plan with multiple options that can be implemented at birth. With proper consultation and some before and after photos, parents are put at significant ease. Most are enthusiastic about immediate neonatal repair, which is done within the 1st week of birth. Additional benefits of this include molding of the premaxilla in preparation for closure of the alveolus cleft with calcium bone substitutes obviating presurgical orthopedics. Besides going home with a normal looking child that can even breast feed, the family does not have to be disrupted again with another visit for this surgery at 3 months. Complete unilateral and bilateral clefts can be successfully treated for the most part with two surgeries within 6 months of life.

How to cite this article
Lazarou SA. Profound Benefits of Prenatal Diagnosis in the Quality of Life and Care of Clefts. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(4):372-375.
Sonoendocrinology and Monitoring Assisted Reproduction Technology
Authors: Nagori Chaitanya 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Reproductive function in a human being consists of continuous hormonal changes in the female. These hormonal changes are responsible for dynamic changes occurring in the ovarian and uterine morphology and vascularity. Ultrasound and Doppler are very useful modalities for assessing these changes, and therefore, very effective for diagnosis of hormonal derangements and monitoring the assisted reproductive technology (ART) treated cycles. Among the common hormones that need to be assessed, androgen can be correlated with high antral follicle count (AFC) and high uterine artery resistance and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) also has a positive correlation with AFC. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is reflected as follicular growth, and luteinizing hormone (LH) by ovarian stromal echogenicity and vascularity and endometrial hyperechogenicity. Estrogen adequacy can be judged by follicular and endometrial flow in preovulatory phase whereas progesterone adequacy can be judged by corpus luteal and endometrial flow in mid luteal phase. Day-to-day hormonal assessment can therefore be replaced by ultrasound and Doppler during ART.

How to cite this article
Panchal S, Nagori C. Sonoendocrinology and Monitoring Assisted Reproduction Technology. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(4):376-386.
Overview of Fetal Therapy
Authors: Wataganara Tuangsit 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
An improving ability to diagnose fetal conditions with higher accuracy prompts an attempt for a salvage treatment in utero. Fetal conditions amendable for prenatal intervention are limited to only diseases that can either kill the baby in utero or leave the baby with significant handicap. Therapeutic intervention has to be highly selective. Factors that need to be considered before offering in utero treatment include the highly investigative nature of certain procedures. For instance, at the time of writing this paper, fetal endoluminal tracheal occlusion for severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia is still under a randomized controlled investigational trial to validate its potential benefits and risks to the fetus with severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia with suboptimal growth of the residual lung tissue. There are chances of procedure-related miscarriages, preterm premature rupture of the membranes, and maternal morbidity that need to be discussed in an unbiased counseling session. The right balance between potential benefits and harms requires validation with rigid scientific methodology before the practice has become a “standard of care.” For example, laser photocoagulation of anastomosing chorionic vessels has become a standard of care in many places due to its superior perinatal survival and composite outcomes, particularly for the childhood neurodevelopmental status. With an ongoing technological development, it is foreseeable that there will be more proposals of implementing novel medical technologies to the use of fetal therapy. Currently, there are only a handful of fetal care centers, and most of the experienced ones are clustered in developed part of Europe and the USA. Dissemination of this type of service which requires years of experiences to develop surgical skill and the support by the most technological advanced instrument and setting is a real challenge that need to be addressed, discussed, and solved as a global agenda.

How to cite this article
Wataganara T, Phithakwatchara N, Nawapun K. Overview of Fetal Therapy. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(4):387-392.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Three-dimensional Ultrasonography in Detection of Endometrial Lesions compared with Hysteroscopy in Infertile Women
Authors: Ahmadi Firoozeh , Akhbari Farnaz , Niknejad Fatemeh , Haghighi Hadieh , Ghahremani Zahra , Ramezanali Fariba , Chehrazi Mohammad 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Two of the most frequent procedures performed on infertile women are two-dimensional ultrasound (2DUS) and three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS). Hysteroscopy is considered as the gold standard for evaluation of acquired endometrial lesions in infertile women; however, 3DUS is used as a noninvasive, less expensive, and reliable assessment method for evaluation of the intrauterine lesions in infertile women. We aimed to compare the diagnostic efficiency between 3DUS and hysteroscopy in the detection of lesions (polyps, submucous leiomyoma, and synechiae) in infertile women.

Materials and methods
In this prospective observational study, infertile women (n = 155) with indication of hysteroscopy were scheduled to undergo 3DUS prior to hysteroscopy from September 2010 to 2011. Women with suspected congenital uterine anomalies were excluded. The sensitivity and specificity values of 3DUS were compared with those of hysteroscopy. Hysteroscopy was used as the gold standard for diagnosis of intrauterine lesions in infertile women.

Results
Of the 155 women, 50 were found to have an intracavitary abnormality, 36 had polyps, 12 had myomas, and 7 had synechiae on hysteroscopic findings. Examination with 3DUS in the diagnosis of intrauterine lesions reached an accuracy of 94%, and 92.15 and 96.9% of sensitivity and specificity respectively. Positive predictive value (PPV) was 83.9%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) was 91.3% (LR+ = 10.75, LR+ = 0.065).

Conclusion
According to our results, 3DUS has a reliable diagnostic accuracy for intrauterine lesions, and it may limit unnecessary hysteroscopy in patients with normal results.

How to cite this article
Ahmadi F, Haghighi H, Ghahremani Z, Niknejad F, Akhbari F, Ramezanali F, Chehrazi M. Diagnostic Accuracy of Three-dimensional Ultrasonography in Detection of Endometrial Lesions compared with Hysteroscopy in Infertile Women. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(4):393-397.
A Two-year Cross-sectional Prospective Study for Assessment of Endometrial Thickness and Volume using Three-dimensional Transvaginal Ultrasound among in vitro Fertilization Patients of Royan Institute in Iran
Authors: Ahmadi Firoozeh , Akhbari Farnaz , Irani SH , Shiva M , Maghari A 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
To evaluate the role of endometrial thickness and volume using three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound (3-D TVUS) in order to predict pregnancy outcome in assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycle on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration.

Materials and methods
In this prospective study, the long protocol of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation was prescribed for women. Endometrial thickness and volume were measured using the 3-D TVUS, for 166 women undergoing ART cycle, on the day of hCG administration at Royan Institute, Tehran, Iran, between 2009 and 2011. All patients were divided into three groups. Regarding endometrial thickness, there are three groups as follows: Group I: . 7 mm, group II: 7.14 mm, and group III: > 14 mm; all patients were also divided into three groups according to endometrial volume calculated as follows: Group IV: < 2 cc, group V: 2.4.5 cc, group VI: > 4.5 cc. Pregnancy rate (PR) was compared between all groups.

Results
A total of 166 patients were analyzed. Overall PR was 39.8% after in vitro fertilization (IVF). Participant's age ranged from 20 to 38 years old with the mean age of 29.9 ± 4.23. No significant cut-off value was found for endometrial thickness and volume.

Conclusion
Endometrial thickness and volume on the day of hCG are significant in limited value and in a clinical setting for predicting implantation in ART cycle.

How to cite this article
Ahmadi F, Akhbari F, Irani SH, Shiva M, Maghari A. A Two-year Cross-sectional Prospective Study for Assessment of Endometrial Thickness and Volume using Threedimensional Transvaginal Ultrasound among in vitro Fertilization Patients of Royan Institute in Iran. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(4):398-402.
HDliveFlow with HDlive Silhouette Mode for Diagnosis of Malignant Tumors of Uterine Cervix
Authors: Ishimura Mari , Ishibashi Megumi 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo present our experience of using HDliveFlow with the HDlive silhouette mode to assess malignant tumors of the uterine cervix.Materials and methodsFive women with malignant tumors of the uterine cervix (one case each of malignant lymphoma, cervical cancer stage IIA, and three of cervical cancer stage IVb) were studied using HDliveFlow with the HDlive silhouette mode.ResultsIn a case of malignant lymphoma of the cervix, HDliveFlow with the HDlive silhouette mode demonstrated a markedly hyper-vascularized uterus with numerous vessels radiating out from the periphery of the uterus to its center (radialvascular pattern). In four cases of advanced cervical cancer (one case each of stage IIA, and three of stage IVb), HDliveFlow with the HDlive silhouette mode revealed a central hyper-vascular tumor within the peripheral vascular-ring appearance of the cervix, and clearly demonstrated the configuration of the tumor.ConclusionHDliveFlow with the HDlive silhouette mode may provide useful information on the diagnosis of malignant tumors of the uterine cervix.How to cite this articleTanaka T, AboEllail MAM, Ishimura M, Yamamoto K, Ishibashi M, Mori N, Kanenishi K, Hata T. HDliveFlow with HDlive Silhouette Mode for Diagnosis of Malignant Tumors of Uterine Cervix. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(4):409-412.
Doing Rawls Justice: Evidence from the PSID
Authors: Abatemarco Antonio 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Distributive value judgments based on the ‘origins’ of economic inequalities (e.g. circumstances and responsible choices) are increasingly evoked to argue that ‘the worst form of inequality is to try to make unequal things equal’. However, one may reasonably agree that distributive value judgments should also account for the ‘consequences’ of economic inequalities in such a way as to (i) improve economic efficiency and (ii) prevent from subordination, exploitation and humiliation. In this way of thinking, by evoking the well-known Rawlsian ‘Fair Equality of Opportunity’ and ‘Difference Principle’, the author proposes a pragmatical non-parametric estimation strategy to compare income distributions in terms of Rawlsian inequity and its contribution to overall inequality. The latter methodology is applied to PSID data from 1999 to 2013 and compared with existing empirical evidences on Roemer’s (A Pragmatic Theory of Responsibility for the Egalitarian Planner, 1993, and Equality of Opportunity, 1998) inequality of opportunity. Remarkably, Rawlsian inequity is found between 56% and 65% of the overall income inequality, with an increasing pattern originating from the recent economic crisis.
Indications from space geodesy, gravimetry and seismology for slow Earth expansion at present – comment on “The Earth expansion theory and its transition from scientific hypothesis to pseudoscientific belief” by Sudiro (2014)
Authors: Edwards Matthew R. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. In a recent article in this journal, Paolo Sudiro (2014) considered the long history of the expanding Earth theory and its recent descent into what he termed “pseudoscientific belief”. The expanding Earth theory contends that the radius of the Earth was once one-half to two-thirds of its current value, with the Earth's continents forming a continuous sialic cover over the Earth. The theory has had two main variants: slow expansion at about 0.5 mm yr−1 radial increase since the time of Earth's formation and fast expansion at about 5 mm yr−1 since the Triassic. Focusing on Maxlow's model, Sudiro thoroughly addresses the possibly insurmountable difficulties of the fast version, such as an improbably high density and surface gravity prior to 200 Ma. He omits, however, any discussion of the slow expansion model, which has a longer history and far fewer theoretical difficulties. Moreover, recent evidence from space geodesy, gravimetry and seismology indicates that the Earth at present may be slowly expanding at 0.1–0.4 mm yr−1. It is concluded that Sudiro's obituary of the expanding Earth theory as a whole must be considered premature at this time.
Bibframe: modelo de dados interligados para bibliotecas
Authors: Ramalho Rogério Aparecido Sá 
Published: December 2016

Introdução: O desenvolvimento tecnológico da última década tem proporcionado novos instrumentos de modelagem, representação e organização de recursos informacionais nas mais diversas áreas do conhecimento. No campo da Ciência da Informação destaca-se o Bibliographic Framework (BIBFRAME) como um novo modelo de dados que possibilita a descrição formal dos relacionamentos entre os recursos. Este modelo está relacionado com as tendências de pesquisa envolvendo Linked Data; Data Science; Publicação Ampliada e Web Semântica.Objetivo: Fornecer subsídios teóricos que contribuam para uma melhor compreensão do modelo de dados BIBFRAME, descrever seus elementos e apresentar uma discussão sobre os principais desafios e perspectivas de uso deste novo modelo de dados em bibliotecas.Metodologia: Pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem teórica.Resultados: Foram apresentadas as principais tecnologias, elementos conceituais e características do modelo BIBFRAME e relatados os desafios e perspectivas de uso deste novo modelo de dados em bibliotecas. Conclusões: O modelo BIBFRAME contribui para uma mudança de paradigma em relação à forma como encaramos os processos de controle, troca e compartilhamento de recursos informacionais, fornecendo um impulso para o reposicionamento das bibliotecas no cenário contemporâneo, a fim de fortalecer atividades relacionada à identificação e formalização dos relacionamentos entre recursos disponíveis na Web.
Algumas considerações sobre os repositórios digitais de dados de pesquisa
Authors: Sayão Luis Fernando , Sales Luana Farias 
Published: December 2016

Introdução: A pesquisa científica contemporânea no seu compromisso por buscar novos conhecimentos e novas descobertas produz e utiliza intensivamente dados digitais de pesquisa. Nesse contexto de mudanças, os dados deixam de ser simples subprodutos das atividades de pesquisa e se tornam recursos informacionais de primeira grandeza, caracterizando um novo paradigma científico pautado pelo compartilhamento, amplo acesso e reuso de dados. Objetivo: Identificar o papel dos repositórios digitais de dados nos novos cenários de pesquisa científica e apresentar um panorama das suas principais características, categorias, benefícios, funções e infraestruturas.Metodologia: Analisa a literatura da área e os principais sistemas que dão sustentação a infraestruturas de acesso e gestão de dados de pesquisa.Resultados: O presente ensaio demonstra que para os dados e coleções de dados de pesquisa transmitam conhecimento no tempo e no espaço e sejam reusados é necessária a implantação de uma infraestrutura tecnológica e gerencial, permanente e sustentável, que permita que eles sejam cuidados ao longo de todo o seu ciclo de vida. No centro dessa infraestrutura estão os repositórios digitais de dados de pesquisa, que são sistemas voltados para apoiar a seleção, catalogação, arquivamento, acesso e compartilhamento de dados de pesquisa.Conclusão: Pela sua importância como recurso informacional, os repositórios de dados se tornam rapidamente parte essencial das infraestruturas de pesquisa em escala global, tornando visível e aberta para toda a sociedade uma parcela importante da atividade de pesquisa. Nessa direção, se tornam um desafio relevante para a Ciência da Informação e para a Biblioteconomia.
Lifecycle of Weibel-Palade bodies
Authors: Mourik Marjon , Eikenboom Jeroen 
Published: December 2016

SummaryWeibel-Palade bodies (WPBs) are rod or cigar-shaped secretory organelles that are formed by the vascular endothelium. They contain a diverse set of proteins that either function in haemostasis, inflammation, or angiogenesis. Biogenesis of the WPB occurs at the Golgi apparatus in a process that is dependent on the main component of the WPB, the haemostatic protein von Willebrand Factor (VWF). During this process the organelle is directed towards the regulated secretion pathway by recruiting the machinery that responds to exocytosis stimulating agonists. Upon maturation in the periphery of the cell the WPB recruits Rab27A which regulates WPB secretion. To date several signaling pathways have been found to stimulate WPB release. These signaling pathways can trigger several secretion modes including single WPB release and multigranular exocytosis. In this review we will give an overview of the WPB lifecycle from biogenesis to secretion and we will discuss several deficiencies that affect the WPB lifecycle.
Extreme Value Theory: a New Characterization of the Distribution Function for the Mixed Method
Authors: Ladji Kane , Daouda Diawara , Moumouni Diallo 
Published: December 2016

Consider the sample X1, X2, ..., XN of N independent and identically distributed (iid) random variables with common cumulative distribution function (cdf)F, and let Fu be their conditional excess distribution function F. We define the ordered sample by . Pickands (1975), Balkema and de Haan (1974) posed that for a large class of underlying distribution functions F , and large u ,Fu is well approximated by the Generalized Pareto Distribution.The mixed method is a method for determining thresholds. This method consists in minimizing the variance of a convex combination of other thresholds.The objective of the mixed method is to determine by which probability distribution one can approach this conditional distribution. In this article, we propose a theorem which specifies the conditional distribution of excesses when the deterministic threshold tends to the end point.