bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facebook practices for business communication among fashion retailers
Authors: Escobar-Rodríguez Tomás , Bonsón-Fernández Rocío 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The present study examines relationship building of major players in fashion retailing through social media. Using the theories of word-of-mouth marketing and brand community as theoretical frameworks, this paper analyses the impact of social media marketing in creating brand community. To that end, the use of the popular networking site Facebook was studied. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the extent and main purposes of the usage of this communication channel and to examine companies’ activity on their Facebook pages as well as to observe their audiences and the effect in their audiences’ engagement. Additionally, this paper analyses the main type of content and the most commonly used type of media.

Design/methodology/approach
Research was based on a content analysis performed on 2,326 Facebook posts; a sample of 46 international leading companies in the fashion industry was analyzed in the time period between March 1 and May 31, 2015.

Findings
Facebook audience is positively related to retailer’s size. However, audiences in this sector are not related to the level of activity of the retailers’ Facebook pages. Audience engagement and participation in fashion retailer’s Facebook sites is higher in small retailers. The main content of the Facebook pages of top fashion retailers is marketing, photo albums and videos being the most popular drivers of this means.

Originality/value
No previous research analyzed fashion retailers use of Facebook sites. This study examines the variables size and engagement of fashion retailers’ audience on Facebook according to retailers’ size and activity on their corporate profiles.
Deterministic influences exceed dispersal effects on hydrologically‐connected microbiomes
Authors: Graham Emily B. , Crump Alex R. , Resch Charles T. , Fansler Sarah , Arntzen Evan , Kennedy David W. , Fredrickson Jim K. , Stegen James C. 
Published: March 2017

SummarySubsurface groundwater‐surface water mixing zones (hyporheic zones) have enhanced biogeochemical activity, but assembly processes governing subsurface microbiomes remain a critical uncertainty in understanding hyporheic biogeochemistry. To address this obstacle, we investigated (a) biogeographical patterns in attached and waterborne microbiomes across three hydrologically‐connected, physicochemically‐distinct zones (inland hyporheic, nearshore hyporheic and river); (b) assembly processes that generated these patterns; (c) groups of organisms that corresponded to deterministic changes in the environment; and (d) correlations between these groups and hyporheic metabolism. All microbiomes remained dissimilar through time, but consistent presence of similar taxa suggested dispersal and/or common selective pressures among zones. Further, we demonstrated a pronounced impact of deterministic assembly in all microbiomes as well as seasonal shifts from heterotrophic to autotrophic microorganisms associated with increases in groundwater discharge. The abundance of one statistical cluster of organisms increased with active biomass and respiration, revealing organisms that may strongly influence hyporheic biogeochemistry. Based on our results, we propose a conceptualization of hyporheic zone metabolism in which increased organic carbon concentrations during surface water intrusion support heterotrophy, which succumbs to autotrophy under groundwater discharge. These results provide new opportunities to enhance microbially‐explicit ecosystem models describing hyporheic zone biogeochemistry and its influence over riverine ecosystem function.
Niche specialization of bacteria in permanently ice‐covered lakes of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica
Authors: Kwon Miye , Kim Mincheol , Takacs‐Vesbach Cristina , Lee Jaejin , Hong Soon Gyu , Kim Sang Jong , Priscu John C , Kim Ok‐Sun 
Published: March 2017

SummaryPerennially ice‐covered lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, are chemically stratified with depth and have distinct biological gradients. Despite long‐term research on these unique environments, data on the structure of the microbial communities in the water columns of these lakes are scarce. Here, we examined bacterial diversity in five ice‐covered Antarctic lakes by 16S rRNA gene‐based pyrosequencing. Distinct communities were present in each lake, reflecting the unique biogeochemical characteristics of these environments. Further, certain bacterial lineages were confined exclusively to specific depths within each lake. For example, candidate division WM88 occurred solely at a depth of 15 m in Lake Fryxell, whereas unknown lineages of Chlorobi were found only at a depth of 18 m in Lake Miers, and two distinct classes of Firmicutes inhabited East and West Lobe Bonney at depths of 30 m. Redundancy analysis revealed that community variation of bacterioplankton could be explained by the distinct conditions of each lake and depth; in particular, assemblages from layers beneath the chemocline had biogeochemical associations that differed from those in the upper layers. These patterns of community composition may represent bacterial adaptations to the extreme and unique biogeochemical gradients of ice‐covered lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys.
Plasmid‐mediated resistance to cephalosporins and quinolones in Escherichia coli from American crows in the USA
Authors: Jamborova Ivana , Dolejska Monika , Zurek Ludek , Townsend Andrea K. , Clark Anne B. , Ellis Julie C. , Papousek Ivo , Cizek Alois , Literak Ivan 
Published: March 2017

SummaryAmerican crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) faeces were tested for Escherichia coli with plasmid‐mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR), extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamases (ESBL) and AmpC beta‐lactamases. A total of 590 faecal samples were collected at four roosting sites in the USA and cultivated on selective media. Pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multi‐locus sequence typing (MLST) were performed to assess clonality. Transferability of resistance genes was studied using conjugation and transformation bioassays. In total, 78 (13%, n = 590) cefotaxime‐resistant isolates were obtained, of which 66 and 12 displayed AmpC and ESBL phenotypes, respectively. Fifty‐four AmpC‐producing isolates carried blaCMY‐2. Isolates producing ESBLs contained genes blaCTX‐M‐27 (5 isolates), blaCTX‐M‐15 (4), blaCTX‐M‐14 (2) and blaCTX‐M‐1 (1). Ninety isolates (15%, n = 590) with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin were obtained, among which 14 harboured PMQR genes aac(6′)‐Ib‐cr (4 isolates), qnrB19 (3), qnrS1 (2), qnrA1 (2), qnrB2 (1), qnrB6 (1) and qnrD3 (1). High genetic diversity was revealed by PFGE and MLST. Epidemiologically important E. coli clones (e.g., ST131, ST405) were identified. Plasmids carrying blaCMY‐2 were assigned predominantly to IncA/C (8 plasmids), IncI1/ST23 (5) and IncI1/ST12 (3). The study demonstrates a widespread occurrence of E. coli with ESBL, AmpC and PMQR genes associated with clinically important multidrug‐resistant clones and epidemic plasmids, in American crows.
Sulfolobus islandicus meta‐populations in Yellowstone National Park hot springs
Authors: Campbell Kate M. , Kouris Angela , England Whitney , Anderson Rika E. , McCleskey R. Blaine , Nordstrom D. Kirk , Whitaker Rachel J. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryAbiotic and biotic forces shape the structure and evolution of microbial populations. We investigated forces that shape the spatial and temporal population structure of Sulfolobus islandicus by comparing geochemical and molecular analysis from seven hot springs in five regions sampled over 3 years in Yellowstone National Park. Through deep amplicon sequencing, we uncovered 148 unique alleles at two loci whose relative frequency provides clear evidence for independent populations in different hot springs. Although geography controls regional geochemical composition and population differentiation, temporal changes in population were not explained by corresponding variation in geochemistry. The data suggest that the influence of extinction, bottleneck events and/or selective sweeps within a spring and low migration between springs shape these populations. We suggest that hydrologic events such as storm events and surface snowmelt runoff destabilize smaller hot spring environments with smaller populations and result in high variation in the S. islandicus population over time. Therefore, physical abiotic features such as hot spring size and position in the landscape are important factors shaping the stability and diversity of the S. islandicus meta‐population within Yellowstone National Park.
The role of the vaginal microbiome in gynaecological cancer
Authors: Champer M , Wong AM , Champer J , Brito IL , Messer PW , Hou JY , Wright JD 
Published: March 2017

Human microbiome research has shown commensal bacteria to be a major factor in both wellness and disease pathogenesis. Interest in the microbiome has recently expanded beyond the gut to include a multitude of other organ systems for which the microbiome may have health implications. Here, we review the role of the vaginal microbiome in health and disease, with a particular focus on gynaecologic malignancies. Further, we suggest that it may be possible to expand the use of probiotics in the treatment of gynaecological cancers.Tweetable abstractA review of the research to date on the relation between the vaginal microbiome and gynaecological cancers.
The XylS/Pm regulator/promoter system and its use in fundamental studies of bacterial gene expression, recombinant protein production and metabolic engineering
Authors: Gawin Agnieszka , Valla Svein , Brautaset Trygve 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe XylS/Pm regulator/promoter system originating from the Pseudomonas putida TOL plasmid pWW0 is widely used for regulated low‐ and high‐level recombinant expression of genes and gene clusters in Escherichia coli and other bacteria. Induction of this system can be graded by using different cheap benzoic acid derivatives, which enter cells by passive diffusion, operate in a dose‐dependent manner and are typically not metabolized by the host cells. Combinatorial mutagenesis and selection using the bla gene encoding β‐lactamase as a reporter have demonstrated that the Pm promoter, the DNA sequence corresponding to the 5′ untranslated end of its cognate mRNA and the xylS coding region can be modified and improved relative to various types of applications. By combining such mutant genetic elements, altered and extended expression profiles were achieved. Due to their unique properties, obtained systems serve as a genetic toolbox valuable for heterologous protein production and metabolic engineering, as well as for basic studies aiming at understanding fundamental parameters affecting bacterial gene expression. The approaches used to modify XylS/Pm should be adaptable for similar improvements also of other microbial expression systems. In this review, we summarize constructions, characteristics, refinements and applications of expression tools using the XylS/Pm system.
New insights into a hot environment for early life
Authors: Dai Jianghong 
Published: March 2017

SummaryInvestigating the physical‐chemical setting of early life is a challenging task. In this contribution, the author attempted to introduce a provocative concept from cosmology – cosmic microwave background (CMB), which is the residual thermal radiation from a hot early Universe – to the field. For this purpose, the author revisited a recently deduced biomarker, the 1,6‐anhydro bond of sugars in bacteria. In vitro, the 1,6‐anhydro bond of sugars reflects and captures residual thermal radiation in thermochemical processes and therefore is somewhat analogous to CMB. In vivo, the formation process of the 1,6‐anhydro bond of sugars on the peptidoglycan of prokaryotic cell wall is parallel to in vitro processes, suggesting that the 1,6‐anhydro bond is an ideal CMB‐like analogue that suggests a hot setting for early life. The CMB‐like 1,6‐anhydro bond is involved in the life cycle of viruses and the metabolism of eukaryotes, underlying this notion. From a novel perspective, the application of the concept of the CMB to microbial ecology may give new insights into a hot environment, such as hydrothermal vents, supporting early life and providing hypotheses to test in molecular palaeontology.
Immune cell subsets, cytokine and cortisol levels during the first week of life in neonates born to pre‐eclamptic mothers
Authors: Sava Florentina , Toldi Gergely , Treszl András , Hajdú Júlia , Harmath Ágnes , Rigó János , Tulassay Tivadar , Vásárhelyi Barna 
Published: March 2017

ProblemTo address the hypothesis that pre‐eclampsia (PE) impacts the fetal immune system, we investigated the prevalence of distinct immune cell subsets along with plasma cortisol and cytokine levels in pre‐term newborns of PE mothers.Method of studyCord blood and peripheral blood samples on the 1st, 3rd and 7th postnatal days of life were collected from 14 pre‐term infants affected by PE and 14 non‐PE pregnancies. We measured plasma cortisol and cytokine levels with immunoassays and assessed the prevalence of T, NK and DC subsets using flow cytometry.ResultsThe prevalence of CD4+ cells was lower in PE infants, while that of memory T cells was higher. Myeloid DCs had a lower prevalence in PE neonates. Cytokine and cortisol levels were lower in PE neonates.ConclusionOur observations show that PE pregnancies are associated with altered newborn immune status during the first week of life.
Taking the tube: Uptake of salpingectomy at the time of hysterectomy for benign indications
Authors: Lin Yee S. , Cole Alana M. , Lyes Susannah , Hunter Erika K. 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundInternational guidelines recommend the fallopian tubes be removed at the time of hysterectomy, to lower the incidence of ovarian cancer in women.AimsTo determine the rate of salpingectomy at the time of hysterectomy at our institution and to discuss a standard rate.Materials and MethodsHysterectomies (n = 200) performed for benign indications from 13 January 13, 2015 until 26 April 26, 2016 were reviewed.ResultsThe overall rate of salpingectomy was 76.0%. Factors associated with non‐completion were uterovaginal prolapse indication and vaginal surgical approach.ConclusionsRates of completing salpingectomy with hysterectomy are high. There may be additional opportunity for ovarian cancer reduction. No standard rate has been published but considering difficulty with removal of fallopian tubes in certain cases, it may not be 100%. Our data allows for comparison by other units performing similar studies. We recommend the formal adoption of local guidelines regarding salpingectomy at the time of hysterectomy for benign indications in order to keep local practice up to date with international recommendations.
Rethinking Global Business Ethics: The North‐South Paradigm
Authors: de George Richard 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper looks at the changes that have taken place during the past three decades in developing countries (the South) as reported in the 2013 UN Human Development Report and how they affect the obligations of multinationals from developed countries (the North). It argues that the changes call for greater attention to the growing North‐South paradigm and its implicit Respect‐cooperation model rather than the still dominant Developed/Developing Nations paradigm and its Dependency‐victim model. It examines some of the rethinking such a paradigm change makes in approaching poverty reduction and corporate social responsibility.
The Corporate Objective after eBay v. Newmark
Authors: Boatright John R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe Delaware court's decision in eBay v. Newmark has been viewed by many commentators as a decisive affirmation of shareholder wealth maximization as the only legally permissible objective of a for‐profit corporation. The implications of this court case are of particular concern for the emerging field of social enterprise, in which some organizations, such as, in this case, Craigslist, choose to pursue a social benefit mission in the for‐profit corporate form. The eBay v. Newmark decision may also threaten companies that seek to be socially responsible by serving constituencies other than shareholders at the expense of some profit. This examination of the court decision concludes that a legal requirement to maximize shareholder value may not preclude a commitment to social responsibility and may even permit the pursuit of a social benefit objective, such as the preservation of the culture developed by Craigslist. In particular, the court's decision in eBay v. Newmark reflects unique features of the case that could have been avoided by Craigslist and by other similar companies.
Levels of Ethical Quality of Metaphor in Stock Market Reporting
Authors: O'Mara‐Shimek Michael 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWhile many news media organizations offer guidelines about specific journalism practices such as fact checking, attribution, mandatory referrals, etc., to promote quality and integrity of their news products in congruence with the publicly defended principles of journalism ethics such as truthfulness, objectivity, and balance, that news companies of all editorial positions defend, it appears that news media organizations have not benefitted from the more than 30 years of research in Cognitive Linguistics demonstrating how metaphor influences how readers perceive events in the news and how it impacts their attitudes and behavior. Focusing on stock market reporting, this article identifies and explores levels of ethical quality in metaphor production by financial news media providers because improving the ethical quality of specific news reporting mechanisms is one step toward improving the ethical quality of news media organizations as a whole. In this model, high levels of ethical quality, or trustworthiness in metaphor, is the result of achieving high levels of communicative accuracy. Communicative accuracy is the product of metaphorical efficiency, or the lowest ratio of cognitive force—input‐output—needed by financial news consumers to process metaphor in order to stimulate predictable entailments, or limited creative and exploratory thought, resulting in high cognitive efficiency. Low ratios of cognitive force is achieved by using metaphors that reduce domain disparity in semantic fields employing domain concepts that are as familiar to the public or as similar in salient semantic features as possible. In the Appendix, this article provides a step‐by‐step rubric for implementing this model for journalists and editors in the production and editing phases.
Electronic case report forms and electronic data capture within clinical trials and pharmacoepidemiology
Authors: Rorie David A. , Flynn Robert W. V. , Grieve Kerr , Doney Alexander , Mackenzie Isla , MacDonald Thomas M. , Rogers Amy 
Published: March 2017

AimsResearchers in clinical and pharmacoepidemiology fields have adopted information technology (IT) and electronic data capture, but these remain underused despite the benefits. This review discusses electronic case report forms and electronic data capture, specifically within pharmacoepidemiology and clinical research.MethodsThe review used PubMed and the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers library. Search terms used were agreed by the authors and documented. PubMed is medical and health based, whereas Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers is technology based. The review focuses on electronic case report forms and electronic data capture, but briefly considers other relevant topics; consent, ethics and security.ResultsThere were 1126 papers found using the search terms. Manual filtering and reviewing of abstracts further condensed this number to 136 relevant manuscripts. The papers were further categorized: 17 contained study data; 40 observational data; 27 anecdotal data; 47 covering methodology or design of systems; one case study; one literature review; two feasibility studies; and one cost analysis.ConclusionElectronic case report forms, electronic data capture and IT in general are viewed with enthusiasm and are seen as a cost‐effective means of improving research efficiency, educating participants and improving trial recruitment, provided concerns about how data will be protected from misuse can be addressed. Clear operational guidelines and best practises are key for healthcare providers, and researchers adopting IT, and further work is needed on improving integration of new technologies with current systems. A robust method of evaluation for technical innovation is required.
Investigation of correlations between DNA methylation, suicidal behavior and aging
Authors: Jeremian Richie , Chen Yi‐an , De Luca Vincenzo , Vincent John B , Kennedy James L , Zai Clement C , Strauss John 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesSuicidal behavior (SB) is a major cause of mortality for patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD). In this study, we investigated epigenetic differences in BD participants with and without a history of SB.MethodsWe used suicidality scores constructed from Schedule for Clinical Assessments in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) interview questions about suicidal thought and behavior to identify individuals from a BD cohort of n=452; participants with the most extreme high (H‐SB, n=18) and most extreme low (L‐SB, n=22) scores were used as cases and controls, respectively. Epigenome‐wide DNA methylation patterns were compared between the two groups using the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation 450 BeadChip microarray. DNA methylation age was compared to chronological tissue age.ResultsWe observed highly significant differences in methylation between cases and controls in three genomic regions enriched for epigenetic modifications corresponding to gene regulatory regions. BD participants with a history of SB showed less overall methylation in the 5′ untranslated region of Membrane palmitoylated protein 4 (MPP4) (P=7.42×10−7) and in intron 3 of TRE2/BUB2/CDC16 domain family member 16 (TBC1D16) (P=6.47×10−7), while exon 1 of Nucleoporin 133 (NUP133) was less methylated in controls (P=1.17x10‐6). Moreover, we observed a greater correlation between DNA methylation age and tissue age in controls (r=.91, P<.0001) than in the H‐SB group (r=.83, P<.0001).ConclusionsWe report significant findings at three loci based on a methylome scan of participants with BD for an SB phenotype, and potentially altered molecular aging in suicide attempters. Despite the small sample size, our proof‐of‐concept study highlights the potential for epigenetic factors to be useful in understanding the molecular underpinnings of suicide with the ultimate aim of its prevention.