bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Peanut Stand Uniformity and Herbicide Regime on Weed Management and Yield
Authors: Johnson W. Carroll , Davis Jerry W. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
Crop stand directly affects ability of any crop to compete with weeds. To capture this form of cultural weed control, final crop stands need to be uniform. Peanut stands are frequently non-uniform, despite the use of precision vacuum planters. Trials were conducted from 2009 through 2011 in Tifton, GA to determine the effect of non-uniform peanut stands on weed control, grade, and marketable peanut yield. Non-uniform peanut stands were established by modifying vacuum planter discs that created skips 18 cm wide and 36 cm wide at regular intervals and compared with peanut at a uniform stand. The weed control regimes chosen reflected differing degrees of residual weed control provided by flumioxazin or imazapic and addressed the need for residual weed control when peanut stands are non-uniform. Postemergence (POST) herbicides bentazon, paraquat, and 2,4-DB were chosen to test the theory that properly timed applications of non-residual herbicides will control weeds in skips without the need for preemergence (PRE) herbicides. There was no significant interaction between peanut stand uniformity and weed control regime for any parameter. Weed response to peanut stand was variable among species and inconsistent. Weed densities tended to be lower when the residual herbicides flumioxazin and/or imazapic were part of the herbicide regime. Peanut yields and percent total sound mature kernels were not affected by narrow (18 cm) skips, but were reduced two years out of three by wide (36 cm) skips. Peanut yields and grade were similar among weed control regimes that used PRE herbicides and POST herbicides with no residual weed control properties. These results indicate that weed control considerations are not a factor when peanut skips are &lt;18 cm. The herbicide choices evaluated are capable of controlling weeds allowing peanut to compensate for non-uniform stands and not have yield reduction when skips are &lt;18 cm.
Isolated coastal populations of Tilia americana var. caroliniana persist long‐term through vegetative growth
Authors: Evans Jonathan P. , Morris Ashley B. 
Published: September 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Sprouting in woody plant species allows for the long‐term persistence of small, isolated populations experiencing changing environments and can preserve genetic diversity in these populations despite the infrequent recruitment of sexually produced individuals. We examined demographic data collected over a 10‐yr period for Tilia americana var. caroliniana populations in the context of genetic structure as an empirical case study of this concept.METHODS:Two back‐barrier islands on the Georgia coast of the United States were completely censused for Tilia americana var. caroliniana. Recruitment, growth, and mortality of all stems were tracked over 10 yr. All genets were genotyped using eight nuclear microsatellite loci to assess population genetic structure among sampled stems and among populations in the region.KEY RESULTS:The two island populations differed in their ability to establish seedlings despite having similar patterns in flowering frequency. Seedling mortality was high throughout the 10 yr, and cycling of ramets within genets was common. Long‐term recruitment in this system appears to be primarily a result of vegetative growth via basal sprouts. Genetic structure was limited, both between islands and among populations in the region.CONCLUSIONS:Long‐lived woody species that persist by vegetative reproduction may unexpectedly influence regional forest responses to climate change, particularly on the trailing edge of a species’ distribution.
Comparison of the Abbott RealTime HCV and Roche COBAS Ampliprep/COBAS TaqMan HCV Assays for the Monitoring of Sofosbuvir-Based Therapy
Authors: Ogawa Eiichi , Furusyo Norihiro , Murata Masayuki , Shimizu Motohiro , Toyoda Kazuhiro , Hotta Taeko , Uchiumi Takeshi , Hayashi Jun 
Published: September 2016

Background On-treatment HCV kinetics play an invaluable role in evaluating the efficacy of interferon-based therapies. However, the importance of HCV RNA monitoring has not been well discussed concerning treatment with sofosbuvir (SOF)-based regimens, especially for the utility of the Abbott RealTime HCV (ART) assay. Methods This study consisted of 151 patients infected with HCV genotype-1 or -2, including patients with prior treatment-experience or cirrhosis. HCV genotype-1 patients were treated with SOF/ledipasvir and genotype-2 patients with SOF/ribavirin, both for 12 weeks. Serial measurements of HCV RNA were performed with both the ART and COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan v2.0 (CAP/ CTM) assays simultaneously at weeks 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 of treatment. Results The rates of HCV RNA target not detected (TND) by ART were significantly lower than those by CAP/CTM between weeks 2 and 12 (end of treatment [EOT]), irrespective of prior treatment-experience or cirrhosis. 11 (11.6%) genotype-1 and 8 (14.3%) genotype-2 patients did not achieve HCV RNA TND by ART at EOT, in contrast to all having HCV RNA TND by CAP/CTM; however, all achieved sustained virological response. The time at which HCV RNA became TND or unquantifiable was not associated with treatment outcome by either the ART or CAP/CTM assay. Conclusions Over 10% of the patients continued to have detectable HCV RNA by ART at EOT, irrespective of HCV genotype, prior treatment-experience and/or cirrhosis. However, prolonged residual HCV RNA was not associated with treatment failure.
A educação em saúde nos currículos de formação de professores
Authors: Schwingel Tatiane Cristina Possel Greter , Araújo Maria Cristina Pansera de , Boff Eva Terezinha de Oliveira 
Published: September 2016

As pesquisas produzidas nos meios científicos, nos últimos anos, a respeito da Educação para a Saúde têm mostrado a sua reconhecida importância na formação docente. No entanto, ainda é uma temática que precisa ser compreendida. Considerando a relevância do tema, o objetivo deste trabalho é identificar e analisar as abordagens de Saúde contidas em trabalhos científicos que discutem a Educação para a Saúde nos currículos de formação de professores. A preocupação crescente com a formação profissional docente foi o ponto de partida para este estudo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e interpretativa, realizada nos periódicos, dissertações e teses contidas no Portal da Capes, no período de 2005 a 2015. A seleção dos textos foi realizada com o descritor Educação em Saúde nos currículos, que permitiu identificar 55 textos. A análise possibilitou identificar que as matrizes curriculares que discutem a temática da Saúde apresentam uma visão contraditória ao descrito nos documentos oficiais do ensino e de caráter fortemente biologista, o que leva a formação de profissionais com concepções mais individualistas e sem fazer reflexão sobre a importância de coletivos de modo a estabelecer relações com o social e o cultural.
Contribuições da Língua de Sinais para o desenvolvimento profissional dos docentes surdos: condições de trabalho e protagonismo profissional
Authors: Proença Filietaz Marta Rejane 
Published: September 2016

RESUMO Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar como a Língua de Sinais contribui para constituição do desenvolvimento profissional do docente surdo. A metodologia escolhida para a realização deste estudo buscou os pressupostos teóricos pautados na pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa. Para tal, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, passadas por um processo de tradução da Libras para o português escrito, com seis docentes surdos responsáveis pela disciplina de Libras em duas instituições Federais de Ensino Superior, sendo estas a Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) e a Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR). O reconhecimento da Língua de Sinais como língua da comunidade surda brasileira, significa uma mudança ideológica com relação aos sujeitos surdos que passam a ser reconhecidos como diferentes e pertencentes a uma comunidade linguística minoritária, e não apenas uma mudança metodológica do ensino e aprendizagem de uma língua. Segundo os participantes desse estudo, a mobilização dos movimentos surdos na luta pelo reconhecimento de seus direitos contribuiu fortemente para novos encaminhamentos, entre eles a elaboração e a efetivação de políticas públicas voltadas para as necessidades desses sujeitos.
Evidence for Tocilizumab as a Treatment Option in Refractory Uveitis Associated with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Tappeiner Christoph , Mesquida Marina , Adán Alfredo , Anton Jordi , Ramanan Athimalaipet V. , Carreno Ester , Mackensen Friederike , Kotaniemi Kaisu , de Boer Joke H. , Bou Rosa , de Vicuña Carmen García , Heiligenhaus Arnd 
Published: September 2016

Objective.To report on experience using the anti-interleukin 6 receptor antibody tocilizumab (TCZ) to treat severe and therapy-refractory uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).Methods.Retrospective data were gathered from patients with JIA receiving TCZ treatment for uveitis. JIA and related uveitis data (disease onset, activity, structural complications, and topical and systemic antiinflammatory treatment) were evaluated at the start of TCZ (baseline) and every 3 months during TCZ therapy.Results.A total of 17 patients (14 women) with active uveitis were included (mean age 15.3 ± 6.9 yrs, mean followup time 8.5 mos). In all patients, uveitis had been refractory to previous topical and systemic corticosteroids, methotrexate (MTX), and other synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, including ≥ 1 tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitor. Uveitis inactivity was achieved in 10 patients after a mean of 5.7 months of TCZ treatment (in 3 of them, it recurred during followup) and persisted in the remaining 7 patients. By using TCZ, systemic corticosteroids or immunosuppressives could be spared in 7 patients. Macular edema was present in 5 patients at baseline and improved in all of them under TCZ treatment. Arthritis was active in 11 patients at the initial and in 6 at the final followup visit.Conclusion.TCZ appears to represent a therapeutic option for severe JIA-associated uveitis that has been refractory to MTX and TNF-α inhibitors in selected patients. The present data indicate that inflammatory macular edema responds well to TCZ in patients with JIA-associated uveitis.
Aflibercept for Diabetic Macular Edema in Eyes Previously Treated With Ranibizumab and/or Bevacizumab May Further Improve Macular Thickness
Authors: Shah Chirag P. , Heier Jeffrey S. 
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the short-term anatomic and visual outcomes after aflibercept (Eylea; Regeneron, Tarrytown, NY) in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) previously treated with ranibizumab (Lucentis; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA) and/or bevacizumab (Avastin; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A single-center, retrospective, noncomparative study of 30 eyes in 23 patients with DME treated with prior ranibizumab and/or bevacizumab before switching to aflibercept.

RESULTS:

Eyes received an average of 16 prior injections (range: three injections to 31 injections; median: 17 injections). The mean central subfoveal thickness (CST) improved from 453 µm at the time of first anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection (range: 304 µm to 686 µm; median: 429 µm), to 374 µm at the time of the switch to aflibercept (range: 267 µm to 547 µm; median: 361 µm;
P
= .02), to 332 µm after the first aflibercept injection (range: 242 µm to 545 µm; median: 318 µm;
P
< .001). Visual acuity improved after switching to aflibercept at the first follow-up visit (logMAR 0.40 [Snellen equivalent 20/50]) to logMAR 0.35 (Snellen equivalent 20/45) (
P
= .044).

CONCLUSIONS:
In eyes with persistent DME treated with ranibizumab and/or bevacizumab, switching to aflibercept may further improve macular thickness. Given the cost difference between the three drugs, a randomized trial evaluating a stepwise approach may be worthwhile.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:836–839.]
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of Chorioretinal Diseases
Authors: Novais Eduardo A. , Roisman Luiz , de Oliveira Paulo Ricardo Chaves , Louzada Ricardo N. , Cole Emily D. , Lane Mark , Filho Marco Bonini , Romano André , de Oliveira Dias João Rafael , Regatieri Caio V. , Chow David , Belfort Rubens , Rosenfeld Philip , Waheed Nadia K. , Ferrara Daniela , Duker Jay S. 
Published: September 2016

Fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) have been the gold standard for the evaluation of retinal and choroidal vasculature in the last three decades and have revolutionized the diagnosis of retinal and choroidal vascular diseases. The advantage of these imaging modalities lies in their ability to document retinal and choroidal vasculature through the dynamic assessment of contrast transit over time in the intravascular and extravascular spaces. However, disadvantages include the absence of depth resolution, blurring of details by contrast leakage, and the inability to selectively evaluate different levels of the retinal and choroidal microvasculature. In addition, these angiographic methods require intravenous dye, which may cause adverse reactions such as nausea, vomiting, and rarely, anaphylaxis.
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a noninvasive imaging technique that, in contrast to dye-based angiography, is faster and depth-resolved, allowing in some cases for more precise evaluation of the vascular plexuses of the retina and choroid. The method has been demonstrated in the assessment of various vascular diseases such as venous occlusions, diabetic retinopathy, macular neovascularization, and others. Limitations of this imaging modality include a small registered field of view and the inability to visualize leakage and dye transit over time. It is also subject to a variety of artifacts, including those generated by blinking and eye movement during image acquisition. However, more than an alternative for FA and ICGA, OCTA is bringing new insights to our understanding of retinal and choroidal vascular structure and is changing fundamental paradigms in the clinical management of pathologic conditions.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:848–861.]
Retinal Vasculitis in Anti-Synthetase Syndrome
Authors: Donovan Christopher P. , Pecen Paula E. , Baynes Kimberly , Ehlers Justis P. , Srivastava Sunil K. 
Published: September 2016

A 31-year-old woman with a history of anti-synthetase syndrome-related myositis and interstitial lung disease presented with acute-onset blurry vision and rash on her hands and feet. Visual acuity was hand motion in her right eye and 20/40 in her left eye. Dilated fundus exam showed extensive retinal vasculitis, diffuse intraretinal hemorrhages, and subretinal fluid. Optical coherence tomography revealed significant macular thickening, and fluorescein angiography revealed vascular leakage with peripheral nonperfusion. Aggressive systemic immunosuppression was initiated, with gradual resolution of her disease during 8 months of follow-up.[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2016;47:874–879.]
CREATING LIVABLE INFRASTRUCTURE: THE CONNECTOAKLAND VISION TO RECONNECT NEIGHBORHOODS AND CONNECT CITIES THROUGH FREEWAY REMOVAL
Authors: Faulkner Andrew , Fearn Jonathan , Sensenig Chris , Stokle Brian 
Published: September 2016

INTRODUCTION Throughout the second half of the 20th Century, our nation's cities were marred by the onslaught of unsustainable suburbanization and the expansion of limited access highways that ripped through urban centers and divided communities within them. Paired with systematic disinvestment from redlining and white flight, these forces combined to create lasting physical, social and economic hardships in cities across the US. Over the last 20 years, cities have rebounded in America and new patterns of thought focused on livability, walkability and urban form have started to sprout: from the Big-Dig in Boston to Octavia Boulevard and the Embarcadero in San Francisco, cities are reassessing the value of highways that solely move automobiles through cities, and have started to focus on how these pieces of infrastructure impact the daily lives and economic interests of a their residents and visitors. In Oakland, California, through the efforts of ConnectOAKLAND, the city is taking up the mantle of this new pattern of thought and is beginning the planning process to reconnect West Oakland to Downtown by transforming an underutilized freeway (I-980) into a multi-modal transportation corridor that reestablishes the historic urban grid. The project's dual benefit will reconnect two of Oakland's historic neighborhoods while better connecting Oakland along with the entire East Bay to San Francisco, San Jose and Silicon Valley through the incorporation of a second transbay tunnel for Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART), commuter rail (Caltrain), and high speed rail (HSR). This article will explore the ConnectOAKLAND vision for I-980 as a case study for current and future patterns of highway removal, and as a part of the national movement to rethink the role of urban highways and holistically re-envision the US transportation infrastructure.
Quantitative Mass Spectrometry To Study Inflammatory Cartilage Degradation and Resulting Interactions with the Complement System
Authors: Melin Fürst Camilla , Åhrman Emma , Bratteby Klas , Waldemarson Sofia , Malmström Johan , Blom Anna M. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Joint diseases are often characterized by inflammatory processes that result in pathological changes in joint tissues, including cartilage degradation and release of components into the synovial fluid. The complement system plays a central role in promoting the inflammation. Because several cartilage proteins are known to interact with complement, causing either activation or inhibition of the system, we aimed to investigate these interactions comprehensively. Bovine cartilage explants were cultured with IL-1α to induce cartilage degradation, followed by incubation with human serum. Label-free selected reaction monitoring mass spectrometry was used to specifically quantify complement proteins interacting with the cartilage explant. In parallel, the time-dependent degradation of cartilage was detected using mass spectrometry analysis (liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry). Complement proteins resulting from activation of the classical, alternative, and terminal pathways were detected on IL-1α–stimulated cartilage at time points when clear alterations in extracellular matrix composition had occurred. Increased levels of the complement activation product C4d, as detected by ELISA in serum after incubation with IL-1α–stimulated cartilage, confirmed the selected reaction monitoring results indicating complement activation. Further, typical activated (cleaved) C3 fragments were detected by Western blotting in extracts of IL-1α–stimulated cartilage. No complement activation was triggered by cartilage cultured in the absence of IL-1α. Components released from IL-1α–stimulated cartilage during culture had an inhibitory effect on complement activation. These were released after a longer incubation period with IL-1α and may represent a feedback reaction to cartilage-triggered complement activation observed after a shorter incubation period.
Breakpoint Cluster Region–Mediated Inflammation Is Dependent on Casein Kinase II
Authors: Meng Jie , Jiang Jing-Jing , Atsumi Toru , Bando Hidenori , Okuyama Yuko , Sabharwal Lavannya , Nakagawa Ikuma , Higuchi Haruka , Ota Mitsutoshi , Okawara Momoko , Ishitani Ryuichiro , Nureki Osamu , Higo Daisuke , Arima Yasunobu , Ogura Hideki , Kamimura Daisuke , Murakami Masaaki 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The breakpoint cluster region (BCR) is known as a kinase and cause of leukemia upon fusing to Abl kinase. In this study, we demonstrate that BCR associated with the α subunit of casein kinase II (CK2α), rather than BCR itself, is required for inflammation development. We found that BCR knockdown inhibited NF-κB activation in vitro and in vivo. Computer simulation, however, suggested that the putative BCR kinase domain has an unstable structure with minimal enzymatic activity. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis showed that CK2α associated with BCR. We found the BCR functions are mediated by CK2α. Indeed, CK2α associated with adaptor molecules of TNF-αR and phosphorylated BCR at Y177 to establish a p65 binding site after TNF-α stimulation. Notably, p65 S529 phosphorylation by CK2α creates a p300 binding site and increased p65-mediated transcription followed by inflammation development in vivo. These results suggest that BCR-mediated inflammation is dependent on CK2α, and the BCR–CK2α complex could be a novel therapeutic target for various inflammatory diseases.
Celebrities, violencia de género y derechos de las mujeres: ¿hacia una transformación del marco de reconocimiento?
Authors: Gámez Fuentes María José , Gómez-Nicolau Emma , Maseda García Rebeca 
Published: September 2016

Ante los límites que presenta el actual marco de reconocimiento de la violencia de género, el presente trabajo analiza las posibilidades que abre la acción de celebrities en la transformación de este marco y en relación a la lucha por los derechos de las mujeres. Para ello proponemos el concepto de ethical witnessing. Metodología. Se propone un modelo de análisis a través de la operacionalización de dicho concepto para el estudio de prácticas representacionales que puedan desestabilizar los actuales parámetros de representación en aras de la resignificación del sujeto-víctima de la violencia. Las cuatro dimensiones de análisis son: el tipo de relación que se genera entre el sujeto-víctima y quien atestigua; el grado de transgresión de los modelos reificados de la identificación del sujeto-víctima; la focalización en la capacidad de agencia; y las conexiones que se establecen con las luchas por los derechos de las mujeres y con otras luchas. Este modelo se aplica a tres casos de estudio: las actuaciones musicales de Beyoncé, la entrevista periodística realizada a Carmen Maura y la campaña mediática de Emma Watson. Resultados. Se discuten las posibilidades de las prácticas discursivas que se incardinan en los principios del postfeminismo. Frente a la identidad de la mujer como víctima emerge la de la mujer exitosa que compatibiliza vindicación feminista y lucha contra la violencia de género con consumismo, materialismo y capitalismo. Esto permite desestabilizar la narrativa fijada sobre la violencia pero no llega a constituir una re-significación del marco en tanto que puede quedar co-optado por la ‘economía de las celebrities’, ser absorbido por el feminismo liberal o estar desvinculado de la lucha colectiva, lo que dificulta la aprehensión del carácter compartido de la vulnerabilidad.